bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fully time-dependent cloud formation from a non-equilibrium gas-phase in exoplanetary atmospheres
Authors: Kiefer S. , Lecoq-Molinos H. , Helling Ch. , Bangera N. , Decin L. 
Published: December 2023

Context. Recent observations suggest the presence of clouds in exoplanet atmospheres, but they have also shown that certain chemical species in the upper atmosphere might not be in chemical equilibrium. Present and future interpretation of data from, for example, CHEOPS, JWST, PLATO, and Ariel require a combined understanding of the gas-phase and the cloud chemistry.
Aims. The goal of this work is to calculate the two main cloud formation processes, nucleation, and bulk growth consistently from a non-equilibrium gas phase. The aim is also to explore the interaction between a kinetic gas-phase and cloud microphysics.
Methods. The cloud formation is modelled using the moment method and kinetic nucleation, which are coupled to a gas-phase kinetic rate network. Specifically, the formation of cloud condensation nuclei is derived from cluster rates that include the thermochemical data of (TiO2)N from N = 1 to 15. The surface growth of nine bulk Al, Fe, Mg, O, Si, S, and Ti binding materials considers the respective gas-phase species through condensation and surface reactions as derived from kinetic disequilibrium. The effect of the completeness of rate networks and the time evolution of the cloud particle formation is studied for an example exoplanet, HD 209458 b.
Results. A consistent, fully time-dependent cloud formation model in chemical disequilibrium with respect to nucleation, bulk growth, and the gas-phase is presented and first test cases are studied. This model shows that cloud formation in exoplanet atmospheres is a fast process. This confirms previous findings that the formation of cloud particles is a local process. Tests on selected locations within the atmosphere of the gas-giant HD 209458 b show that the cloud particle number density and volume reach constant values within 1 s. The complex kinetic polymer nucleation of TiO2 confirms results from classical nucleation models. The surface reactions of SiO[s] and SiO2[s] can create a catalytic cycle that dissociates H2 to 2 H, resulting in a reduction of the CH4 number densities.
WHaD diagram: Classifying the ionizing source with one single emission line
Authors: Sánchez S. F. , Lugo-Aranda A. Z. , Sánchez Almeida J. , Barrera-Ballesteros J. K. , Gonzalez-Martín O. , Salim S. , Agostino C. J. 
Published: December 2023

Context. The usual approach to classify the ionizing source using optical spectroscopy is based on the use of diagnostic diagrams that compare the relative strength of pairs of collisitional metallic lines (e.g., [O III] and [N II]) to recombination hydrogen lines (e.g., Hβ and Hα). Despite it having been accepted as the standard procedure, it presents known problems, including confusion regimes and/or limitations related to the required signal-to-noise (S/N) of the emission lines involved. These problems not only affect our intrinsic understanding of the interstellar medium and its properties, but also the fundamental galaxy properties, such as the star formation rate and the oxygen abundance. This raises key questions related to the fraction of active galactic nuclei and other essential parameters.
Aims. We attempt to minimize the problems introduced by the use of these diagrams, in particular, their implementation when the available information is limited due to either the fact that not all lines are available or they do not have the required S/N value.
Methods. We explored the existing alternatives in the literature to minimize the confusion among different ionizing sources. We have proposed a new, simple diagram that uses the equivalent width and the velocity dispersion from one single emission line, Hα, to classify the ionizing sources.
Results. We used aperture-limited and spatially resolved spectroscopic data from the nearby Universe (z ∼ 0.01) to demonstrate that the new diagram, which we have named WHaD, segregates the different ionizing sources in a more efficient way than earlier procedures. A new set of regions have been defined in this diagram to select among different ionizing sources.
Conclusions. The new proposed diagram is well positioned to assist in determining the ionizing source when only Hα is available or when the S/N of the emission lines is too low to obtain reliable fluxes for the weakest emission lines in classical diagnostic diagrams (e.g., Hβ).
Extraperitoneal Cesarean Section after two Medial Laparotomies, Anus
Prater, and Surgical Treatment of the Rectovaginal Fistula in a Patient with
Crohn’s Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Bačić Boris , Hrgović Zlatko , Cerovac Anis , Barčot Ognjen , Sabljić Jelena , Dumančić Stipe , Markoski Blagoja , Leskur Mateo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aim of this case report is to show the advantages of the extraperitoneal
cesarean section (ECS) approach in a pregnant patient with multiple previous
abdominal transperitoneal colon surgeries and Crohn’s disease. A pregnant
nulliparous woman with Crohn’s disease was admitted for delivery. After
delivery, a large rupture and lesion of the rectum was observed. Suturing of the
vagina, rectum and sphincter was performed by an abdominal surgeon. Because of a
very large and irregularly shaped rectum rupture, the patient underwent
infraumbilical medial laparotomy and sigmoidostomy. After 18 months, the patient
started to experience vaginal discharge and Y-shaped rectovaginal fistula was
confirmed. Surgical reconstruction was performed. The patient’s second pregnancy
began one year later. At 38 weeks of pregnancy, elective extraperitoneal
cesarean section was performed. A healthy newborn was delivered. Follow-up
showed full and fast recovery after the ECS. In cases of pregnant women who have
had multiple colon surgeries, gynecology surgeons can choose to perform an ECS
to avoid transperitoneal entrance into the abdomen. ECS avoids lysis of
postoperative adhesions after repetitive gastrointestinal surgeries, the
formation of new adhesions by lysis of the old adhesions, and most importantly,
the possibility of colon or small intestine lesions during lysis of dense or
firm adhesions.
What produces corporate social irresponsibility in offshore outsourcing? The effects of interorganizational relationship governance and institutional distance
Authors: Mol Michael J. , Lee Sun Hye 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe theorize on how institutional distance and interorganizational relationship (IOR) governance interact to produce corporate social irresponsibility (CSiR) in offshore outsourcing. Managers generally find it challenging to align practices with stakeholders’ responsibility expectations and more so when activities occur offshore and outside organizational boundaries. This is evident from Apple’s repeated problems in China but insufficiently understood in international business (IB) literature. Institutional distance increases the likelihood and severity of CSiR because it produces a gap in buyers’ and suppliers’ stakeholder expectations and leads to divergence between suppliers’ practices and buyers’ responsibility policies. Trust-based cooperative IORs reduce CSiR and lessen the effect of institutional distance on CSiR. Supplier dependence also reduces CSiR but increases the effect of institutional distance on CSiR and is therefore a double-edged sword. Our novel framework generates insights into CSiR, a dark side of IB, by uncovering the mechanisms that co-produce CSiR in the offshore outsourcing context. We enrich work on offshore outsourcing by suggesting that CSiR represents a hidden cost and advance multilevel theorizing in IB by showing how institutional distance interacts with IOR governance. Managers should consider the tradeoff between performance and CSiR in offshore outsourcing and the downside that comes from (over)exploiting supplier dependence.
Exploring the conditions for youth representation: a qualitative comparative analysis of party parliamentary groups
Authors: Kurz Kira Renée , Ettensperger Felix 
Published: December 2023

AbstractResearch on the underrepresentation of youth in parliaments has rarely focused on political parties. This is surprising as parties are central in the selection of candidates and therefore should play an important role in determining the demographic composition of elected politicians. We created a data set of party parliamentary groups between 2017 and 2020 and conducted a linear regression as well as a fuzzy set QCA. Building upon previous literature, we expected the share of young Members of Parliament (MPs) to be higher under the following conditions: a low/high GDP per capita, a proportional representation electoral system, decentralized nomination processes, strong party youth organizations, an inclusive party ideology and young party structures. Our research support previous findings that electoral systems matter. Furthermore, our results indicate that whilst ideology might be a significant factor by itself, it becomes influential especially in combination with PR systems. The role of strong youth organizations, decentralized selectorates and party age seem to be highly context-dependent and more ambivalent. In summary, there is no singular condition under which we observe adequate youth representation, but rather different configurations of conditions. By applying the newest guidelines on good practices in QCA research, we present one of the first applications of these techniques in party and representation research.
Applying feminist translation strategies in audio description
Authors: Iturregui-Gallardo Gonzalo , Hermosa-Ramírez Irene 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Intersectional feminist translation provides visibility to the historically hidden or marginalized characters and
narratives. This article interrogates the strategies we can apply to translate images into words, that is, to audio describe
non-normative identities while adhering to the particularities of audiovisual productions. It poses the question of how to provide
a feminist audio description that aligns with the creators’ intent. The objective of this study is to analyse the strategies
applied to create a gender-conscious AD of a documentary on lesbophobia where ten women share their experiences as non-normative
persons. They are defined by a series of intrinsic features such as race, gender expression or age and present a myriad of
differences that have irremediably influenced their experience of lesbophobia and how society reads and identifies them. The
visual contents in this documentary provide essential information that complements the understanding of the problem by people with
visual impairment. This action research study analyses the challenges emerged during the AD production. It aims to emphasize the
mediating power of AD professionals and how they influence the understanding of blind audiences.
CO2 capture and storage by metal and non-metal decorated silicon carbide nanotubes: a DFT study
Authors: Itas Yahaya Saadu , Razali Razif , Alamri Sultan , Osman Hamid , Khandaker Mayeen Uddin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study addressed the nano-mechanism of CO2 capture by Al-doped, B-doped and N-doped single-walled silicon carbide nanotubes (SWSiCNTs) using the prominent density functional theory. The results showed absolute interactions between CO2 and B- and N- impurity atoms of the SWSiCNT surface with the highest adsorption energy of −1.85 eV and −1.83 eV respectively. Analysis of the binding energy of CO2 to Al-doped SWSiCNT revealed that chemisorption between them is stronger than B-doped and N-doped SWSiCNTs. Results from optical adsorption spectra revealed that both B-and N-doped systems adsorb CO2 in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum while B-doped SiCNT shows the highest adsorption. This study recommends B- and N-doped SiCNTs as candidates for CO2 capture and storage with higher efficiency by B-doped SiCNT, while the performance of the Al-doped system was underscored.
Correlation Study on the Effect of Sintering Mechanism with the Properties of Geopolymer-Based Ceramic
Authors: Bahijah M Nur , Romisuhani A , Bakri A Mohd Mustafa Al , Mastura W I Wan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Nepheline geopolymer-based ceramics are emerging as a promising alternative to traditional ceramics due to their eco-friendly production and sustainable nature. Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively investigate the relationship between mechanical behaviour and sintering mechanisms in the production of kaolin geopolymer-based nepheline ceramics. Sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate were mixed to act as the alkaline activator to facilitate the geopolymerization process. The experimental analysis involved varying the sintering temperature within the range of 200°C to 1200°C. The findings from the correlation study highlight that the flexural strength and densification process is in linear relation with R2 of 0.9369, whilst the water absorption and volumetric shrinkage exhibited an inversely linear relationship with the R2 value of 0.8733. The maximum flexural strength of 78.92 MPa and density of 2.56 g/cm3 were achieved when sintered at 1200°C. Meanwhile, the water absorption decreases with the increase of volumetric shrinkage, which might relate to the densification process of the geopolymer-based nepheline ceramic. The outcome of this research contributes a deeper understanding of the interplay between mechanical behaviour and sintering mechanism, enabling the design of superior sintered materials.
An Innovative Approach for Natural Gas Liquefaction Using a Mixed-Multi-Component-Refrigerant
Authors: Ismail N H , Omar M N , Ishak M S A , Yahaya N Z , Khalid K A A , Ab Halim M F M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The natural gas liquefaction is the most expensive and energy-intensive phase in the natural gas-to-liquefied natural gas-to-natural gas chain. In addition, this region has the biggest development potential. As a result, numerous LNG production methods have been developed and are deployed at export facilities around the world. The goal of this study is to describe and assess an innovative approach for mixed-refrigerant (MR) LNG method. The authors have dubbed this technique the MR-X approach. The MR-X process was developed based on the globally proven liquefaction technology C3MR and its large-scale successor AP-X™ (which offers many benefits and flexibility), but with a novel precooling phase construct. In pre-cooling and liquefaction phases, the refrigerant is a combination of methane, nitrogen, propane, ethane, butane, and isobutane. The paper investigates the creation of the MR-X technology, as well as its modelling, energy, and exergy investigations.
Resource allocation and OFDM system transmission for 5G cellular communications
Authors: Zhao Zhongyu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Cellular communication technology has been developed for over a hundred years and has reached its fifth generation in mobile. 5G, as a new generation of communication technology, has comprehensively changed the mobile network application model with its ability of high-speed transmission, low network latency, and large-scale connectivity. It has brought a new impetus to the development of various industries. Cellular communication uses cellular wireless networking to connect terminals and network devices through wireless channels so that users can communicate with each other during their activities, with the main feature being the mobility of the terminals and the automatic roaming process across local networks. The use of OFDM in 5G communications can significantly improve the efficiency and capacity of wireless signal transmission. This paper provides a detailed introduction to the use of OFDM in cellular communications through frequency division multiplexing and OFDM.
Recent progress in trajectory smoothing of mobile robots
Authors: Zhang Xinlin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The mobile robotics is growing rapidly and is being used in a variety of applications, greatly improving productivity. Path planning is a central part of autonomous navigation for mobile robots. However, most paths generated by these methods have sharp turns, which are unacceptable for mobile robots due to their own motion limitations or specific task scenarios. Smoother paths are therefore needed to improve the reliability and efficiency of the robot while adapting to realistic scenarios. This paper summarizes the classical curve smoothing algorithms and relate new research results presented in recent years, and divide them into six categories: polynomial interpolation, non-uniformly interpolated curves, Beizer curves, B spline curves, Reeds-Shepp curves, geometric algorithms, etc. Besides, a brief mathematical description is given along with the algorithms, and some of the algorithms are also given as examples for reference. In the future, better curve smoothing algorithms to satisfy the kinematic laws of different vehicles (robots/ships/UAVs) in multiple environments and non-simple interpolation smoothing algorithms will be proposed.
Temperature control in electric furnaces: Methods, applications, and challenges
Authors: Chen Xinxi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Temperature control of electric heating furnaces, a common piece of equipment in industrial production, is essential for assuring product quality and enhancing production effectiveness. In order to better understand the similarities and differences in temperature management between various types of electric heating furnaces, this paper first discusses the fundamental concepts and classifications of electric heating furnaces. Following that, it systematically describes the applications of the various temperature control techniques now used for electric heating furnaces, such as PID control, fuzzy logic control, genetic algorithm control, and model predictive control. This paper further analyzes the difficulties in controlling the temperature of electric heating furnaces and identifies potential future development trends in light of the issues that currently used control methods must deal with in practical applications, such as insufficient control accuracy, slow response speed, and poor stability. Finally, it summarizes the information in the entire paper and considers the direction of temperature control research for electric heating furnaces. This research will focus on new control theories and algorithms, furnace body design optimization, control system integration, and intelligent adaptive temperature control. In order to advance the development and advancement of technology in this area, the goal of this article is to provide a thorough theoretical reference and practical advice for the temperature management of electric heating furnaces.
Comparison of four different methods for massive MIMO detection and VLSI design
Authors: Likan Liu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The use of Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology has proven to be successful. To make MIMO more accessible, it is necessary to simplify the processor operation. This paper proposes four approaches for achieving this goal: symmetric successive overrelaxation (SSOR), Gauss-Seidel (GS), approximate matrix inversion based on Neumann series, and Conjugate Gradients. The performance and VLSI of these methods are compared to determine their effectiveness.
Flash storage technology status and development research
Authors: Xu Luoshengya 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Data storage devices are an important component of computer systems. Solid-state Drives, which use NAND Flash technology, are widely used in various fields due to their unique advantages such as high read-write speed, low power consumption, shock resistance, and small size compared to traditional mechanical hard drives. This paper first discusses the basic structure and principles of Flash memory, including floating gate transistors for storing and reading charges. Based on the current state of NAND Flash-based solid-state hard drives, this paper discusses key technologies and characteristics such as flash memory types, wear leveling, garbage collection, etc. It explores their features, advantages and limitations, and finally reasonably deduces the future development trend of Flash devices.
Research on hydraulic braking energy recovery system of heavy vehicles
Authors: Di Jiayu , Guo Jian , Yang Yuxiang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The carbon emission of a heavy-duty diesel vehicle is almost equal to the sum of 100 small cars. In the global environment where energy conservation and emission reduction are advocated, the pollution caused by heavy vehicles is non-negligible. A hydraulic brake energy recovery and regeneration system can store the braking energy, convert the energy into kinetic energy and output it to the vehicle transmission system when starting or accelerating, thereby reducing energy consumption and achieving the role of energy conservation and emission reduction. Firstly, this paper mainly summarizes several vehicle energy recovery technology schemes and determines the hydraulic braking energy recovery scheme after a comprehensive comparison. Secondly, the overall structure of the hydraulic brake energy recovery and regeneration system is designed, and the working mode is analyzed. Finally, according to the working characteristics of the main components in the system, the mathematical model is established, the key parameters are simulated and studied, and the appropriate selection and matching scheme is provided.
Investigation of improved Differential Y-source inverter
Authors: Wang Xinyi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Y-typed networking with three winding-coupled inverter is a brand-new DC-DC and DC-AC inverter. The inverter has a simple topology structure. However, it owns powerful functions. The inverter, with two Y-shaped structures, has not adopted two independent circuits, which are replaced by some new topology parts, such as the switches, adding up to control the current. Obviously, it has now become a single-stage inverter. The improved inverter has also been called DYSI, the Differential Y-source Inverter, for it combines the Differential Boost Inverter with the Y-source Inverter. The improved inverter would produce high AC output voltage, solving the problems caused by the low output voltage in photovoltaic inverters while increasing voltages to connect with the national grid. The modulation of the improved inverter is the half-sine wave, which drives one coupled and two switches in the branch to conduct at high times. The improved inverter also has some defects. The inverter would produce abrupt energy leakage because of the incomplete coupling of inductances. Similar to other inverters, the process during which the switches turn on and turn off would inevitably generate power loss, leading to a much lower output than the ideal design. In contrast, the deficiency could be decreased by adding two diodes without loss to the circuit topology.