bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ПРОБЛЕМА НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ ЗА ШКОДУ, ЗАВДАНУ КАЛІЦТВОМ
Authors: Лаговська Н. В. , Коваленко О. М. 
Published: December 2023

У статті грунтовно проаналізовано особливості нормативно-правового регулювання відповідальності за шкоду, завдану каліцтвом.З’ясовано, що з метою формування порядку відшкодування збитків постраждалим Україна підписала у 2005 р. Європейську конвенцію про відшкодування збитку постраждалим від насильницьких злочинів, однак так і не ратифікувала її, що призвело до затягування процесу прийняття спеціального закону, який би урегулював відносини з надання державою компенсацій постраждалим від кримінальних правопорушень за тілесні ушкодження, а також фінансування їхнього лікування, відшкодування матеріальних та моральних витрат, витрат на поховання тощо.Звернено увагу, що хоч Кримінально-процесуальним кодексом України та Цивільним процесуальним кодексом України передбачено компенсацію шкоди, завданої постраждалому внаслідок кримінального правопорушення за рахунок державного бюджету, але відсутній унормований механізм відшкодування такої шкоди.
Встановлено, що боржником у зобов’язаннях із заподіяння шкоди є особа, на яку законом покладений обов’язок відшкодувати заподіяну потерпілому шкоду. Боржники поділяються на: а) осіб, які власними діями завдали шкоду потерпілому; осіб, на яких законом покладено обов’язок відшкодувати заподіяну шкоду.
Визначено, що основною причиною покладання обов’язку відшкодувати завдані збитки на інших осіб є необхідність захисту інтересів потерпілої особи, яка має отримати відшкодування заподіяної шкоди в будь-якому випадку, незалежно від того, чи може безпосередній заподіювач сам бути делінквентом і чи є у нього фінансова можливість відшкодувати заподіяну шкоду.
Виділено підстави, коли обов’язок відшкодувати завдані збитки покладається на інших осіб: неделіктоздатність заподіювача шкоди – зобов’язаними відшкодувати шкоду є батьки (усиновителі), опікуни (піклувальники) малолітніх, а іноді і неповнолітніх дітей, опікуни недієздатних фізичних осіб, повнолітні родичі неосудних осіб; діяльність заподіювача шкоди за вказівкою та на користь відповідальної особи – роботодавці за трудовими договорами, замовники за договорами.
Досліджено рішення Великої Палати Верховного Суду, яка постановила, що шкода, завдана потерпілому внаслідок кримінального правопорушення, компенсується йому за рахунок Державного бюджету України у випадках та порядку, передбачених законом.Встановлено, що держава несе майнову відповідальність перед потерпілими не за всі злочини, які залишилися нерозкритими, а лише у випадку, коли шкода завдана фізичній особі, яка потерпіла від кримінального правопорушення. Шкода, завдана каліцтвом, іншим ушкодженням здоров’я або смертю внаслідок злочину, відшкодовується потерпілому або визначеним законодавством особам, державою, якщо не встановлено особу, яка вчинила злочин, або якщо вона є неплатоспроможною.Зауважено, що відсутність відповідного закону про порядок компенсації державою шкоди, завданої каліцтвом, не унеможливлює розгляд справи за позовом потерпілого, але значно утруднює цей прцес.
Salivary signatures of oral-brain communication in sleep bruxers
Authors: Deng Yuwei , Zhu Chenyuan , Jiang Ruixue , Yu Chunhua , Zhao Jun , Jiang Xinquan , Wen Jin 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionMicrobiota and their interaction with hosts have been of great interest in brain research in recent years. However, the role of oral microbiota in mental illness and the underlying mechanism of oral-brain communication remains elusive. Sleep bruxism (SB) is an oral parafunctional activity related to the nervous system and is considered a risk factor for harmful clinical consequences and severe systemic conditions. Exploring the connection between oral microbiota and sleep bruxism may deepen our understanding of the complex relationship between oral-brain axis and provide insights for treatment.MethodsIn this study, salivary samples were collected from 22 individuals with SB and 21 healthy controls, and metagenomics with metabolomics was performed. Nonparametric Wilcoxon test were applied for the statistical analysis between the two groups. Microbial dysbiosis and altered oral metabolites were found in the SB individuals.ResultsThe characteristic metabolite N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) (VIP=8.4823, P&lt;0.05) was correlated to a statistically lower Streptococcus mitis level in SB individuals. Salivary IFN-g level and IFN-g/IL-4 ratio were detected with significant changes in a chip assay. Amino acid metabolism pathways were upregulated, and the pathway with the largest number of differentially expressed genes is related to amino-tRNA charging pathway, while the most significantly enriched pathway is related to arginine biosynthesis. Neurotransmitter-associated pathways with glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses and cardiovascular system-related pathways were enriched in the SB group.DiscussionThese results indicate a possible neuroimmune regulatory network of oral-brain communication in SB, which helps explain the mechanism of the oral microbiome with the host in sleep bruxers and provides a reference for early clinical and therapeutic intervention to improve the diagnosis and treatment of SB and similar diseases.
Application of invasive medical and pharmacological measures by German emergency paramedics
Authors: Koch Sebastian , Herwig Markus , Kahl Daniel 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionGerman emergency paramedics are to avert serious damage to the patient's health in the event of acute illness or accidents. For this purpose, they have a variety of invasive medical and pharmacological measures at their disposal in addition to their three-year professional training. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the use of invasive medical and pharmacological measures by emergency paramedics in the German rescue service by means of instruments of professional scientific research. In doing so, the motivations of emergency paramedics to refrain from using these measures will be investigated for the first time.MethodsFor this study, rescue missions were analyzed during the period July 1, 2022, to June 30, 2023. The chosen method involved a quantitative document analysis of the deployment protocols to investigate the use of invasive and pharmacological measures by emergency paramedics and the reasons against their use.ResultsDuring the period, N = 10,102 (100%) rescue missions could be evaluated. Analysis of the data revealed that invasive medical measures were used by emergency paramedics in n = 1,211 (11.9%) missions and pharmacologic measures were used in n = 1,403 (13.8%) missions. Most frequently, emergency paramedics concluded that invasive medical measures were not required.DiscussionIn summary, the use of invasive medical measures is not a standard part of the emergency medical services mission. Rather, the focus is on diagnostics and transport of patients to an appropriate destination hospital. An adjustment of prehospital care structures based on evidence-based data and an update of the catalog of indications for emergency physician interventions would be elementary for this goal. Further studies of professional fields of action in emergency and rescue medicine are necessary in order to analyze and optimize care structures. This would not only allow conclusions to be drawn about the future education, further education and training of rescue service personnel, but also allow care structures to be adapted to the current state of science and the care needs of patients.
Molecular population genetics and phylogeographic studies of Ligia exotica and Ligia cinerascens in East Asia
Authors: Kim Gyeongmin , Kim Hyemin , Mun Sohyun , Choi Eun Hwa , Nguyen Anh D. , Hwang Ui Wook 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionSea slater, in the genusLigia, is widespread in rocky shore habitats, and the taxon is easily isolated due to its limited dispersal capacity. Therefore, mostLigiaspecies exhibit an allopatric distribution, butLigia exoticaandL. cinerascensexhibit an overlapping distribution distribution in East Asia. Previous studies on both species have confirmed the existence of highly divergent lineages based on16S rRNA.MethodsIn the present study, 282Ligiaindividuals were collected at ten, three, and three sites in South Korea, Japan, and Vietnam, respectively, and 41 haplotypes were observed based on16S rRNA.Results and discussionThe results of phylogeny, phylogenetic network, and TCS network, Principal Coordinates Analysis, and four Molecular Species Delimitation Analyses revealed that six genetic lineages includingL. cinerascens, Lineages N and S ofL. exotica, Ligiasp. 1, sp.2 and sp.3 were present. The three genetic lineages, includingL. cinerascens,Lineage N ofL. exotica, and Lineage S ofL. exotica, were also identified in the phylogeny based on a nuclear gene of the sodium–potassium ATPase α-subunit (Nak). Phylogeographic analysis revealed thatL. cinerascensand Lineage N ofL. exoticawere distributed overlappingly in South Korea, Japan, and the northern region of China. Generally, the two lineages ofL. exoticawere distributed allopatrically, which was more evident along the coastline of mainland China than that of Japan. The results of time-calibrated phylogeny suggested that the speciation events ofLigiaspecies might be associated with Japanese mainland formation from Oligocene to Miocene (approximately 30-5 million years ago, Mya). The results of the present study provide insights that could facilitate the understanding of the evolutionary history ofLigia, tracking of geological processes, and evolutionary effects of palaeogeographical events at the population level.
Masson pine pollen aqueous extract ameliorates cadmium-induced kidney damage in rats
Authors: Hu Zhiyong , Chen Sixin , Shi Tala , Dong Zhaoju , Cheng Mei , Li Ning , Zhao Huijuan , Zhu Haibo , Han Chunlei , Xu Lanlan 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous environmental pollutant present in soil, water, and food. Accumulation of Cd in organisms can cause systematic injury and damage to the kidney. The Masson pine pollen aqueous extract (MPPAE) has attracted increasing attention due to its antioxidant activity and ability to enhance immunity.Methods: In this study, we investigated the potential of MPPAE to protect against Cd-induced kidney damage in rats and the underlying mechanism. The transcriptome and metabolome of rats with Cd-induced kidney damage, following treatment with MPPAE, were explored.Results: The concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were both significantly altered after treatment with MPPAE. Furthermore, sequencing and analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome of rats with Cd-induced kidney damage, following treatment with MPPAE, revealed differential expression of numerous genes and metabolites compared with the untreated control rats. These differentially expressed genes (DEGs) included detoxification-related genes such as cytochrome P450 and the transporter. The differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) included 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, L-ascorbate, and ciliatine. Conjoint transcriptome and metabolome analysis showed that several DEGs were correlated with DEMs.Conclusion: These preliminary findings indicate the potential of MPPAE for the treatment of toxic metal poisoning.
Development of an undergraduate certificate in clinical and translational science: improving competence of the clinical research workforce
Authors: Knapke Jacqueline , Marcum Michelle , Mendell Angela , Ryan Patrick 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Academic research centers often struggle to recruit and retain a well-trained and diverse clinical and translational science (CTS) workforce. In particular, the clinical research professional (CRP) career pathway is not well known to undergraduate students and other individuals outside of academic medicine despite being a potential career route. To address these workforce challenges, the CRP Task Force at the University of Cincinnati (UC) aims to train a competent and diverse CRP workforce through targeted educational programming in the UC undergraduate population.Methods: Using a six-step curriculum development process that included: 1) performing a needs assessment, 2) determining content, 3) writing goals and objectives, 4) selecting the educational strategies, 5) implementing the curriculum, and 6) evaluating the curriculum, we designed an undergraduate certificate program in CTS.Results: The needs assessment included both internal and external data gathering to inform curriculum development and program decisions. Content was determined using the Core Competency Framework for the Clinical Research Professional Version 3.1., and program learning outcomes were written with both the competency framework and local workforce needs in mind. Educational strategies were selected based on optimization of available resources and local expertise with an emphasis on interactive didactics complemented by experiential learning. Implementation is underway and evaluation will follow once students begin enrolling.Discussion: By educating an undergraduate student population about CTS methods and career opportunities, we anticipate increased numbers of well-qualified, diverse applicants who pursue CRP careers locally and regionally.
Biases in the spectral amplitude distribution of a natural scene modulate horizontal size perception
Authors: Sanz Diez Pablo , Gisbert Sandra , Bosco Annalisa , Fattori Patrizia , Wahl Siegfried 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionVisual perception is a complex process that involves the analysis of different spatial and temporal features of the visual environment. One critical aspect of this process is adaptation, which allows the visual system to adjust its sensitivity to specific features based on the context of the environment. Numerous theories highlight the significance of the visual scene and its spectral properties in perceptual and adaptation mechanisms. For example, size perception is known to be influenced by the spatial frequency content of the visual scene. Nonetheless, several inquiries still exist, including how specific spectral properties of the scene play a role in size perception and adaptation mechanisms.MethodsIn this study, we explore aftereffects on size perception following adaptation to a natural scene with a biased spectral amplitude distribution. Twenty participants had to manually estimate the horizontal size of a projected rectangle after adaptation to three visually biased conditions: vertical-biased, non-biased, and horizontal-biased. Size adaptation aftereffects were quantified by comparing the perceptual responses from the non-biased condition with the vertical- and horizontal-biased conditions.ResultsWe found size perception shifts which were contingent upon the specific orientation and spatial frequency distribution inherent in the amplitude spectra of the adaptation stimuli. Particularly, adaptation to vertical-biased produced a horizontal enlargement, while adaptation to horizontal-biased generated a decrease in the horizontal size perception of the rectangle. On average, size perception was modulated by 5–6%.DiscussionThese findings provide supporting evidence for the hypothesis that the neural mechanisms responsible for processing spatial frequency channels are involved in the encoding and perception of size information. The implications for neural mechanisms underlying spatial frequency and size information encoding are discussed.
The relationship between work–family conflict and job satisfaction for preschool teachers in rural China: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Wang Yingjie , Xia Qianqian , Yue Huilan , Yu Ruiwei , Zhang Wengui , Li Jing , Chen Dan , Xu Pin 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundJob satisfaction for preschool teachers in rural areas has an important impact on their professional development, physical and mental health, and the development of preschool education. However, few studies have explored the factors that influence rural preschool teachers’ job satisfaction.PurposeThis study aims to examine the influence of rural preschool teachers’ work–family conflict on their job satisfaction, and the mediating effect of occupational identity, the moderating effect of social support.MethodParticipants included 3,065 rural preschool teachers from Zhejiang Province in mainland China. Teachers completed questionnaires on work–family conflict, occupational identity, job satisfaction, and social support. The correlation and moderated mediation analyses were conducted using SPSS PROCESS.Results(1) work–family conflict is associated with poorer job satisfaction in preschool teachers; (2) occupational identity mediates the relationship between work–family conflict and job satisfaction; and (3) a high level of social support alleviates the negative influence of work–family conflict on job satisfaction and promotes the positive effect of occupational identity on job satisfaction.ConclusionThe study revealed the negative impact of work–family conflict on preschool teachers’ job satisfaction, and the protecting effect of social support, which has important implications for improving teachers’ future job satisfaction.
Mapping the global, regional, and national burden of diarrheal diseases attributable to unsafe water
Authors: Chen Ling , Jiao Jinghua , Liu Shunming , Liu Lei , Liu Pengliang 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundDiarrheal diseases are major contributors to deaths. Data on global and country-specific levels and trends of diarrheal diseases resulting from unsafe water are essential for policymakers to allocate resources.AimsThis study aimed to describe the global, regional, and national spatiotemporal burden of diarrheal diseases resulting from unsafe water exposure.MethodsAccording to the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 dataset, deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of diarrheal diseases, and their age-standardized rates (ASRs) were analyzed by age and sex in 204 countries and territories. Moreover, the average annual percentage change (AAPC) was estimated by a log-linear regression model to reflect the time trend. The association between ASR of diarrheal diseases due to unsafe water and socio-demographic index (SDI) levels was also analyzed.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the number of deaths and DALYs of diarrheal diseases resulting from unsafe water decreased by 50 and 59%, respectively. Moreover, the ASR of deaths and DALYs also decreased during the study period, with AAPCs of −3.69 (95% CI [95% confidence interval]: −3.91 to −3.47) and − 3.66 (95% CI: −3.8 to −3.52), respectively. High diarrheal diseases resulting from unsafe water occurred mainly in low SDI regions and Africa. Males exhibited greater diarrheal deaths attributable to unsafe water than females, which was contrary to the condition in terms of DALYs. The age-specific burden of diarrheal deaths attributable to unsafe water is concentrated in children younger than 5 years. The AAPCs of the ASR of both deaths and DALYs showed a strong negative correlation with the SDI levels.ConclusionThe current study indicated that the global burden of unsafe water exposure-related diarrheal diseases decreased from 1990 to 2019 and varied significantly according to age, sex, and geographical location. Effective health promotion and health communication strategies and policies should be adopted to prevent and control diarrheal diseases resulting from unsafe water exposure.
Impact of motion cues, color, and luminance on depth perception in optical see-through AR displays
Authors: Ashtiani Omeed , Guo Hung-Jui , Prabhakaran Balakrishnan 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Augmented Reality (AR) systems are systems in which users view and interact with virtual objects overlaying the real world. AR systems are used across a variety of disciplines, i.e., games, medicine, and education to name a few. Optical See-Through (OST) AR displays allow users to perceive the real world directly by combining computer-generated imagery overlaying the real world. While perception of depth and visibility of objects is a widely studied field, we wanted to observe how color, luminance, and movement of an object interacted with each other as well as external luminance in OST AR devices. Little research has been done regarding the issues around the effect of virtual objects’ parameters on depth perception, external lighting, and the effect of an object’s mobility on this depth perception.Methods: We aim to perform an analysis of the effects of motion cues, color, and luminance on depth estimation of AR objects overlaying the real world with OST displays. We perform two experiments, differing in environmental lighting conditions (287 lux and 156 lux), and analyze the effects and differences on depth and speed perceptions.Results: We have found that while stationary objects follow previous research with regards to depth perception, motion and both object and environmental luminance play a factor in this perception.Discussion: These results will be significantly useful for developers to account for depth estimation issues that may arise in AR environments. Awareness of the different effects of speed and environmental illuminance on depth perception can be utilized when performing AR or MR applications where precision matters.
Working Conditions and Self-Reported Health Among Undocumented and Newly Regularized Migrants in Geneva: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hagose Munire , Burton-Jeangros Claudine , Fakhoury Julien , Consoli Liala , Refle Jan-Erik , Jackson Yves 
Published: December 2023

Objectives: Most undocumented migrants are employed in so-called “dirty jobs” or “3D jobs” (dangerous, dirty and degrading) due to their lack of legal status. This study aimed to describe the self-reported health of undocumented and newly regularized migrants in relation to their working conditions.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data collected during the first phase of the Parchemins study (2017–18), a survey that monitors the socioeconomic and health impact of a regularization scheme for undocumented workers in Geneva, Switzerland. The sample consists of 395 undocumented and newly regularized migrants.Results: Overall, 147 (37.2%) rated their health as very good or excellent. Multivariable regression analysis indicated that work-related factors associated with better self-reported health included higher satisfaction with working conditions, while legal status regularization showed only a borderline association. By contrast, workers performing very demanding tasks and having more difficulties finding a new job were less likely to report very good or excellent health.Conclusion: Findings show that work-related factors had a stronger influence on self-reported health compared to legal status change. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term impact of regularization on working conditions and self-rated health.
Characterization of the Mitochondrial Genome, Ecological Distribution, and Morphological Features of the Marine Gastropod Mollusc Lophocochlias parvissimus (Gastropoda, Tornidae)
Authors: Kim Minju , Choi Hyeongwoo , Kim Hyeon , Kang Jiwon , Jeong Hyeon Gyeong , Eyun Seong-il , Kang Jung-Hoon 
Published: December 2023

The larvae of the marine gastropod Lophocochlias parvissimus are meroplankton that spend part of their lives as plankton that disperse and drift in the water column before settling on the sea floor. Two individuals of L. parvissimus larvae were sampled by the Multiple Opening/Closing Net and Environmental Sensing System (MOCNESS) from the Central Indian Ridge of the southwestern Indian Ocean in 2018 and 2019. We generated the first mitochondrial sequences for L. parvissimus, which will provide valuable genetic insight into the evolution of these organisms. In this study, we have determined that the mitogenome of L. parvissimus was 13,575 bp in length, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 18 tRNAs, and two rRNAs. Our work provides a new insight into the dispersal of L. parvissimus and previously missing components to the general understanding of the evolution of Truncatelloidea (Subclass Caenogastropoda).