bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis on dental utilisation in culturally and linguistically diverse mothers
Authors: Marcus Kanchan , Balasubramanian Madhan , Short Stephanie D. , Sohn Woosung 
Published: December 2023

Background Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) mothers are influential in children’s behaviours, yet little is known about this population. Furthermore, insufficient quantitative and context-based studies are available with CALD mothers and their access to oral health care. To address this gap, the study investigates oral health behaviours, psychological factors and remoteness area with dental utilisation in CALD mothers, within the NSW context. Methods Informed by middle-range theory and a CALD-specific rainbow model, the 2013 and 2015 NSW Adult Population Health Survey was analysed. Variables for CALD mothers included household structure, age and language spoken. Multivariable analysis was conducted with oral health behaviours, psychological and remoteness variables, with dental utilisation as the outcome. Results The sample was weighted (n = 190,283). In total, 39.8% did not have a dental visit, and older mothers (aged 36–55 years) sought more dental services than younger mothers (aged 18–35 years). Higher odds for treatment dental care (aOR 2.21, 95% CI 1.12–4.37) than prevention-oriented care were found. Mothers experiencing moderate levels of psychological distress (aOR 0.49, 95% CI 0.31–0.77), or residing in outer regional and remote regions (aOR 0.19, 95% CI 0.04–0.85) were less likely to utilise dental care. Conclusion Findings underline geographical issues in dental care utilisation and the need for integrated care for CALD mothers experiencing psychological distress, and to encourage uptake of preventive oral health care. Addressing cost barriers necessitates for universal health coverage. Multidisciplinary integration of healthcare services with improved primary sector collaboration between governments and healthcare providers, and the expansion to regional services are required for equity in CALD communities.
In situ and operando Raman spectroscopy of semiconducting photoelectrodes and devices for photoelectrochemistry
Authors: Favaro Marco , Kong Heejung , Gottesman Ronen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Future alternative and promising energy sources involve photoelectrochemical (PEC) devices that can convert sunlight and abundant resources such as water and CO2 into chemical fuels and value-added products. However, identifying suitable photoabsorber semiconductor materials that fulfill all the stringent requirements of photoelectrodes in PEC devices remains a significant challenge. A key factor for tailoring and optimizing existing and novel photoabsorbers is understanding the processes occurring at the semiconductor/liquid electrolyte interface under working conditions. This perspective focuses on the application of operando Raman spectroscopy (RS) in synergy with (photo)electrochemical techniques. Despite being a relatively new field of application, when applied to photoelectrochemistry, operando RS offers insights into the evolution of photoelectrode structure (i.e. phase purity and degree of crystallinity) and surface defects under working conditions. The challenges associated with operando RS for (photo)electrochemical applications, including the low quantum efficiency of inelastic scattering and fluorescence, and possible mitigation strategies are discussed. Furthermore, practical aspects such as sample/reactor geometry requirements and the surrounding environment of the photoelectrode sample during operando RS under PEC conditions are reviewed. We demonstrate that operando RS can be used to perform product analysis of solar-driven biomass reforming reactions, showing the approach’s limitations and discussing possible solutions to overcome them. This work concludes with a discussion on the current state of operando RS of semiconducting photoelectrodes and devices for photoelectrochemistry. We show a new methodology for performing operando RS with illumination resembling AM1.5 conditions and with time resolution spanning from tens to hundreds of milliseconds, suitable timescales for real-time monitoring of chemical reactions and degradation mechanisms occurring at the photoelectrode under investigation.
Effects of topological and non-topological edge states on information propagation and scrambling in a Floquet spin chain
Authors: Sur Samudra , Sen Diptiman 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The action of any local operator on a quantum system propagates through the system carrying the information of the operator. This is usually studied via the out-of-time-order correlator (OTOC). We numerically study the information propagation from one end of a periodically driven spin-1/2 XY chain with open boundary conditions using the Floquet infinite-temperature OTOC. We calculate the OTOC for two different spin operators, σ

x
and σ

z
. For sinusoidal driving, the model can be shown to host different types of edge states, namely, topological (Majorana) edge states and non-topological edge states. We observe a localization of information at the edge for both σ

z
and σ

x
OTOCs whenever edge states are present. In addition, in the case of non-topological edge states, we see oscillations of the OTOC in time near the edge, the oscillation period being inversely proportional to the gap between the Floquet eigenvalues of the edge states. We provide an analytical understanding of these effects due to the edge states. It was known earlier that the OTOC for the spin operator which is local in terms of Jordan–Wigner fermions (σ

z
) shows no signature of information scrambling inside the light cone of propagation, while the OTOC for the spin operator which is non-local in terms of Jordan–Wigner fermions (σ

x
) shows signatures of scrambling. We report a remarkable ‘unscrambling effect’ in the σ

x
OTOC after reflections from the ends of the system. Finally, we demonstrate that the information propagates into the system mainly via the bulk states with the maximum value of the group velocity, and we show how this velocity is controlled by the driving frequency and amplitude.
Projective integrable mechanical billiards
Authors: Takeuchi Airi , Zhao Lei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we use the projective dynamical approach to integrable mechanical billiards as in (Zhao 2021 Commun. Contemp. Math.
24 2150085) to establish the integrability of natural mechanical billiards with the Lagrange problem, which is the superposition of two Kepler problems and a Hooke problem, with the Hooke center at the middle of the Kepler centers, as the underlying mechanical systems, and with any finite combinations of confocal conic sections with foci at the Kepler centers as the reflection wall, in the plane, on the sphere, and in the hyperbolic plane. This covers many previously known integrable mechanical billiards, especially the integrable Hooke, Kepler and two-center billiards in the plane, as has been investigated in (Takeuchi and Zhao 2021 arXiv:2110.03376), as subcases. The approach of (Takeuchi and Zhao 2021 arXiv:2110.03376) based on conformal correspondence has been also applied to integrable Kepler billiards in the hyperbolic plane to illustrate their equivalence with the corresponding integrable Hooke billiards on the hemisphere and in the hyperbolic plane as well.
Effect of phase fluctuations on atomic Talbot images in three-level ladder-type atomic system
Authors: Ahmad Anees , Irfan Muhammad , Qamar Sajid , Qamar Shahid 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this article, we study the atomic Talbot effect in a three-level ladder-type atomic system, which consists of a strong microwave field having a finite bandwidth and a weak probe field. The upper levels are coupled with a strong position-dependent microwave field, while a weak probe field interacts with lower levels of the atomic system. We find that phase fluctuations associated with a strong microwave field significantly affect the transmission and corresponding intensity of Talbot images. We show that the choice of various parameters is crucial in the presence of phase fluctuation. An appropriate choice along with a pump field can still improve the intensity of atomic Talbot images. We believe that our results are useful for any practical situation where the effects of phase fluctuations are important.
A novel numerical solution to lane-emden type equations using monte carlo technique
Authors: El-Essawy Samah H , Nouh Mohamed I , Soliman Ahmed A , Abdel Rahman Helal I , Abd-Elmougod Gamal A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Monte Carlo (MC) methods are increasingly recognized as severe in many computational scientific fields and have diverse applications in many branches of science. This paper systematically provides two computational algorithms based on MC methods to solve different forms of Lane-Emden (LE) type equations. The proposed algorithms introduce solutions to 11 LE equations under various complex conditions. The performance and comparative study of numerical solutions based on the MC algorithms were computationally analyzed using other numerical/analytical methods available in the literature. We find that the MC solutions agree with the exact or Runge–Kutta solutions and different numerical methods applied to solve these equations.
Crystal structures and microwave dielectric properties of (1-x)Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 − xBaWO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.25) ceramics
Authors: Peng Sen , Zhang Yu , Xiao Lei , Deng Lianwen , Xie Yanbin , Yi Tulin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The (1-x)Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 − xBaWO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.25) ceramics were manufactured by the conventional solid-phase reaction process, and the effects of BaWO4 addition on the phase composition, crystal structures, microstructure, and microwave dielectric properties were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were implemented to explore the phase composition, crystal structure and chemical states of the samples, respectively. According to XRD analysis, the main phase of the samples was assigned as Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 (BZN), while the secondary phases contained Ba5Nb4O15 and BaWO4. Scanning electron microscopy photographs suggested the average grain size firstly increased and then decreased with the replacement of W6+ ions to Nb5+ ions in BZN. Due to the proper substitution amount of W6+, the apparent density increased accordingly. The microwave dielectric properties were closely associated with the secondary phases and apparent density. Finally, (1-x)Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 − xBaWO4 (x = 0.15) ceramics sintered at 1325 °C for 4 h had excellent microwave dielectric properties with ε

r
= 33.11, Q × f = 90,479 GHz, and τ

f
= +0.86 ppm °C−1.
A Proof of Concept Balanced Mixer with the use of a Digital IF Power Combiner to Improve LO Noise Rejection
Authors: Monasterio David , Jorquera Sebastian , Curotto Franco , Espinoza Camilo , Finger Ricardo , Bronfman Leonardo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this work we present a novel digital technique, that allows local oscillator (LO) noise cancellation using a digital power combiner in a balanced mixer receiver architecture. A theoretical analysis of the noise cancellation using the proposed technique is derived and a proof of concept experiment is made for the Ku-Band. This experiment includes the design and construction of a custom balanced mixer and an artificial noise source. Experimental results show a consistent noise temperature reduction in comparison with a full analog mixer, and in some cases reaching noise temperature levels similar to the receiver operating without the artificial LO noise.
Periodic Variation Studies of the Two Short Period W UMa-type Eclipsing Binaries: LX Lyn and V0853 Aur
Authors: Zhang Xu , Zhang Bin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper, new light curves (LCs) of contact eclipsing binary (CEB) systems LX Lyn and V0853 Aur are presented and analyzed by using the 2015 version of the Wilson–Devinney (W-D) code. In order to explain their asymmetric LCs, cool starspots on the components were employed. It is suggested that their fill-out degrees are f = 12.0% (LX Lyn) and f = 26.3% (V0853 Aur). At the same time, we found that LX Lyn is a W-type eclipsing binary (EB) with an orbital inclination of i = 84.°88 and a mass ratio of q = 2.31. V0853 Aur is also a W-type CEB with a mass ratio of q = 2.77 and an orbital inclination of i = 79.°26. Based on all available times of light minimum, their orbital period changes are studied by using the O − C method. The O − C diagram of LX Lyn reveals a cyclic oscillation with a period of about 14.84 yr and an amplitude of 0.0019 days, which can be explained by the light-travel time effect (LTTE) due to the presence of a third body with a minimum mass of 0.06M
⊙. For V0853 Aur, it is discovered that the O − C diagram of the system also shows a cyclic oscillation with a period of 9.64 yr and an amplitude of 0.03365 days. The cyclic oscillation of V0853 Aur can be attributed to the LTTE by means of a third body with a mass no less than 3.77M
⊙. The third body may play an important role in the formation and evolution of these systems.
Characterization of laser-pumped Cs-4He atomic magnetometer
Authors: Liu Hao , Kong Jia , Fu Jiqing , Yang Shurui , Lu Xiao-Ming , Wang Xiaoguang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In principle, laser-pumped Cs–4He magnetometers can take advantage of the high sensitivity of optically pumped magnetometers and the high accuracy of proton magnetometers. However, insufficient experimental studies have been conducted on the optimization conditions and physics of this type of magnetometer. In this study, we investigate the experimental performance of a laser-pumped Cs–4He magnetometer by optimizing the sensitivity of the excitation pulse settings. We report some dependence relationships that have not been previously reported. The optimal settings under the obtainable experimental conditions in our lab are 34 °C for temperature, 10

μ

s

for pulse duration, and 67 V and 2.2 V for high- and low-level voltages, respectively, which provide a sensitivity of 26

p
T

/

H
z

within a frequency of 0.08–0.2 Hz. This study provides a solid reference for further improving the Cs–4He magnetometer, offers the possibility of measuring physical constants more accurately, and provides a deeper understanding of plasma interaction processes.
An automated and robotic complex based on a xenon gamma-ray spectrometer for performing tasks for decommissioning nuclear and radiation hazardous facilities and monitoring the development of radioactive waste
Authors: Madzhidov A I , Dmitrenko V V , Ulin S E , Grachev V M , Vlasik K F , Egorov R R , Korotkov M G , Krivova K V , Uteshev Z M , Chernysheva I V , Shustov A E 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The article focuses on a robotic gamma-ray spectrometric complex designed for decommissioning nuclear and radiation-hazardous objects and monitoring radioactive waste. The complex includes various components, such as radiation monitoring and regular observations to determine the object’s radiation parameters. The control of nuclear and radiation-hazardous objects performed using a High Pressure Xenon gamma-ray spectrometer that installed on a remotely controlled platform.
Quantum-classical hybrid neural networks in the neural tangent kernel regime
Authors: Nakaji Kouhei , Tezuka Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Naoki 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Recently, quantum neural networks or quantum–classical neural networks (qcNN) have been actively studied, as a possible alternative to the conventional classical neural network (cNN), but their practical and theoretically-guaranteed performance is still to be investigated. In contrast, cNNs and especially deep cNNs, have acquired several solid theoretical basis; one of those basis is the neural tangent kernel (NTK) theory, which can successfully explain the mechanism of various desirable properties of cNNs, particularly the global convergence in the training process. In this paper, we study a class of qcNN composed of a quantum data-encoder followed by a cNN. The quantum part is randomly initialized according to unitary 2-designs, which is an effective feature extraction process for quantum states, and the classical part is also randomly initialized according to Gaussian distributions; then, in the NTK regime where the number of nodes of the cNN becomes infinitely large, the output of the entire qcNN becomes a nonlinear function of the so-called projected quantum kernel. That is, the NTK theory is used to construct an effective quantum kernel, which is in general nontrivial to design. Moreover, NTK defined for the qcNN is identical to the covariance matrix of a Gaussian process, which allows us to analytically study the learning process. These properties are investigated in thorough numerical experiments; particularly, we demonstrate that the qcNN shows a clear advantage over fully classical NNs and qNNs for the problem of learning the quantum data-generating process.
Multi-band passive detection and imaging system for concealed weapon with dual assessment method
Authors: Ünal Ahmet 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Technological advancements in the millimeter-wave (MMW) and terahertz (THz) frequency bands have seen rapid progress, especially in the field of concealed weapon detection. The capability to detect concealed objects under clothing without causing harm to individuals is of utmost importance. Because of this reason, the concept of the variable target ranges in a passive MMW/THz imaging system with the infrared band has been studied in detail. An imaging system, called multi-band passive detection and imaging system (MIS) in this study, with variable target ranges, was designed and tested. A passive MMW/THz imaging system is developed specifically for concealed weapon detection, with a primary focus on variable target ranges. In addition to this, an infrared imaging system has been incorporated into the concept of concealed weapon detection. To integrate these two imaging systems, image fusion techniques have been employed as a conjunction between them. Detailed analyses have been conducted to assess the concealed weapon detection capabilities of this integrated system. The image fusion results, combining infrared and passive MMW/THz bands, have been tested at variable target ranges, and the fused images have been compared in terms of structural similarity index (SSIM) and contrast levels (CL). The SSIM alone is an inadequate method in the concept of concealed weapon detection. The CL method, used with SSIM, eliminates the shortcoming of the SSIM alone. The outcomes of these tests demonstrate that MIS enhances the detectability of concealed weapons with the use of SSIM and CL together. As a result, this study lays a solid foundation for the future detection of concealed objects beneath clothing. The dual assessment method proposed in this study will enable the development of new methods that will increase the detection of specific objects under the clothes in the future.
Mechanism of procyanidins for health functionality by improving the intestinal environment
Authors: Shoji Toshihiko , Masumoto Saeko , Miura Tomisato 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Procyanidins are one of the polyphenols consisting of multiple flavan-3-ols (eg epicatechin). They have a complex chemical structure, with the degree of polymerization and linked position of flavan-3-ols varying among various foods, such as apples and chocolate. Physiological functional studies of procyanidins have investigated their mechanisms in cells and animals based on their antioxidant effects. Recently, the intestinal environment, including the intestinal microflora, has played an important role in the energy metabolism and health status of the host. Regulation of the intestinal environment by dietary polyphenols is becoming a new concept in health functions, and we have begun to investigate the mechanism of apple procyanidins, focusing on the gut microbiota and metabolites in our functional research. In this minireview, we will discuss the effects of procyanidin ingestion on the gut microbiota and metabolites.
BNC1 deficiency induces mitochondrial dysfunction-triggered spermatogonia apoptosis through the CREB/SIRT1/FOXO3 pathway: the therapeutic potential of nicotinamide riboside and metformin
Authors: Ni Feida , Wang Feixia , Li Jingyi , Liu Yifeng , Sun Xiao , Chen Jianpeng , Li Jiaqun , Zhang Yanye , Jin Jiani , Ye Xiaohang , Tu Mixue , Chen Jianhua , Chen Chuan , Zhang Dan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Male infertility is a global health problem that disturbs numerous couples worldwide. Basonuclin 1 (BNC1) is a transcription factor mainly expressed in proliferative keratinocytes and germ cells. A frameshift mutation of BNC1 was identified in a large Chinese primary ovarian insufficiency pedigree. The expression of BNC1 was significantly decreased in the testis biopsies of infertile patients with nonobstructive azoospermia. Previous studies have revealed that mice with BNC1 deficiency are generally subfertile and undergo gradual spermatogenic failure. We observed that apoptosis of spermatogonia is tightly related to spermatogenic failure in mice with a Bnc1 truncation mutation. Such impairment is related to mitochondrial dysfunction causing lower mitochondrial membrane potential and higher reactive oxygen species. We showed that downregulation of CREB/SIRT1/FOXO3 signaling participates in the above impairment. Administration of nicotinamide riboside or metformin reversed mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibited apoptosis in Bnc1-knockdown spermatogonia by stimulating CREB/SIRT1/FOXO3 signaling. Dietary supplementation with nicotinamide riboside or metformin in mutated mice increased SIRT1 signaling, improved the architecture of spermatogenic tubules, inhibited apoptosis of the testis, and improved the fertility of mice with a Bnc1 truncation mutation. Our data establish that oral nicotinamide riboside or metformin can be useful for the treatment of spermatogenic failure induced by Bnc1 mutation.
Inherit the wind: evolution of reproductive traits in Cyperaceae
Authors: Chaves Ana Luisa Arantes , Costa Ana Carolina Galindo da , Machado Isabel Cristina , Morokawa Rosemeri , Thomas William Wayt , Costa Suzana Maria 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Studies about reproductive aspects of angiosperms rarely refer to herbaceous and anemophilous groups. Cyperaceae are cosmopolitan and diverse in terms of sexuality, inflorescence architecture, and pollination modes, such as anemophily, entomophily, and ambophily. Therefore, the evolution of reproductive traits can clarify some questions about the reproductive biology of angiosperms, especially regarding the transitions between biotic and abiotic pollination. This study was designed to investigate the evolution of reproductive traits in Cyperaceae through comparative phylogenetic methods, such as reconstruction of ancestral states and evolutionary correlation. If spicoids in Mapanioideae are indeed inflorescences, the bisexual flower in Cyperaceae would be derived, a rare case in angiosperms. In Cyperoideae, a decrease in the number of flowers and an increase in stamen loss events were observed. This result contradicts the hypothesized increase in reproductive structures in anemophilous species, in which a greater amount of pollen is produced to compensate for the waste generated by wind. Only one correlation was found: between the number of inflorescence branches and the number of reproductive units per inflorescence. Finally, the analyses showed the great diversity of reproductive biology in Cyperaceae and made evident the need to expand the theoretical studies to refine the discovery of correlated traits.