bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in mental health before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal survey of a conflict-affected population in Colombia
Authors: Moreno-Serra Rodrigo , Leon-Giraldo Sebastian , Jater-Maldonado Nicolas , Casas German , Bernal Oscar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Focusing on the Meta region in Colombia, we investigated the relationship between mental health, the COVID-19 pandemic, and social determinants of health influenced by over five decades of civil conflict. We studied the post-2016 peace agreement trends in mental health for the population of Meta, before and after the local onset of the pandemic.

Method
We conducted three rounds of a longitudinal health survey in years 2018 with N = 1309 (Women = 709; Men = 600); 2019 with N = 1106 (Women = 597; Men = 509); and 2020 with N = 905 (Women = 499; Men = 406). We measured mental health through the Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20), investigating population trends in the average SRQ score and SRQ-positive frequency (SRQ + , indicating positive tendency towards experiencing mental health disorders).

Results
Between 2018 and 2020, there were reductions in the mean SRQ-20 score by 1.74 points (95% CI -2.30 to -1.18) and in SRQ + frequency by 15 percentage points (95% CI -21.0 to -9.0) for the Meta population. Yet specific subgroups have become more vulnerable to mental illness during the pandemic, for example older age groups (e.g., increase in mean SRQ score among over 60 s by 2.49 points, 95% CI 0.51 to 4.46) and people living with children younger than five years-old (e.g., increase in mean SRQ score by 0.64 points, 95% CI 0.07 to 1.20). Increased mental health vulnerability among specific subgroups may be related to differences in the likelihood of knowing people who tested positive for COVID-19 or died from itf having been in quarantine.

Conclusion
Our findings support the importance of public policies in Colombia (and other low- and middle-income countries) that address the social determinants of mental illness whose influence was likely exacerbated by the pandemic, including persistent job insecurity leading to work and financial pressures, and inadequate support networks for isolated individuals and vulnerable caregivers.
A retrospective analysis of acute kidney injury in children with post-COVID-19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome: insights into promising outcomes
Authors: El-Halaby Hanan , Eid Riham , Elagamy Ahmed , El-Hussiny Ahmed , Moustafa Fatma , Hammad Ayman , Zeid Mayada 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS), COVID-19 related infection has been increasingly recognized with a paucity of data on AKI incidence, related mortality, and the requirement of renal replacement therapy in children with MIS (MIS-C).

Methods
This is a retrospective study evaluating the prevalence, severity, management and outcomes of AKI in a cohort of Egyptian children with MIS-children (MIS-C) post-COVID infection. Patients were included if they met the criteria for MIS-C based on CDC guidelines. All patients were evaluated for AKI diagnosis and staging according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria.

Results
Between March 2021 and June 2023, a total of 655 confirmed COVID-19 cases were admitted and then followed up in our hospital, of whom 138 (21%) were diagnosed with MIS-C. Fifty-one patients developed AKI associated with MIS-C post-COVID infection, 42 of whom were included in the analysis. Thirty-one patients had AKI in a formerly healthy kidney, of whom 51% (16 patients) were classified as KDIGO stage 3, 5 patients needed hemodialysis and 13 needed mechanical ventilation. Higher WBCs count, and serum ferritin on admission were associated with more severe AKI (KDIGO stage 3) (p = 0.04), while multivariate analysis showed high serum ferritin to be independent predictor of more severe AKI (p = 0.02). Two patients (2/31) died during hospital admission, while no residual renal impairment was reported at the time of discharge of patients with previously normal kidney functions.

Conclusion
More than one-third of patients with MIS-C develop AKI. Avoidance of nephrotoxic drugs, early recognition, and prompt management of AKI, including well-timed commencement of dialysis in MIS-C cases, is associated with favorable outcomes.
Blood volume and hemodynamics during treatment of major hemorrhage with Ringer solution, 5% albumin, and 20% albumin: a single-center randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jardot François , Hahn Robert G. , Engel Dominique , Beilstein Christian M. , Wuethrich Patrick Y. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Volume replacement with crystalloid fluid is the conventional treatment of hemorrhage. We challenged whether a standardized amount of 5% or 20% albumin could be a viable option to maintain the blood volume during surgery associated with major hemorrhage. Therefore, the aim of this study was to quantify and compare the plasma volume expansion properties of 5% albumin, 20% albumin, and Ringer-lactate, when infused during major surgery.

Methods
In this single-center randomized controlled trial, fluid replacement therapy to combat hypovolemia during the hemorrhagic phase of cystectomy was randomly allocated in 42 patients to receive either 5% albumin (12 mL/kg) or 20% albumin (3 mL/kg) over 30 min at the beginning of the hemorrhagic phase, both completed by a Ringer-lactate replacing blood loss in a 1:1 ratio, or Ringer-lactate alone to replace blood loss in a 3:1 ratio. Measurements of blood hemoglobin over 5 h were used to estimate the effectiveness of each fluid to expand the blood volume using the following regression equation: blood loss plus blood volume expansion = factor + volume of infused albumin + volume of infused Ringer-lactate.

Results
The median hemorrhage was 848 mL [IQR: 615–1145]. The regression equation showed that the Ringer-lactate solution expanded the plasma volume by 0.18 times the infused volume while the corresponding power of 5% and 20% albumin was 0.74 and 2.09, respectively. The Ringer-lactate only fluid program resulted in slight hypovolemia (mean, − 313 mL). The 5% and 20% albumin programs were more effective in filling the vascular system; this was evidenced by blood volume changes of only + 63 mL and − 44 mL, respectively, by long-lasting plasma volume expansion with median half time of 5.5 h and 4.8 h, respectively, and by an increase in the central venous pressure.

Conclusion
The power to expand the plasma volume was 4 and almost 12 times greater for 5% albumin and 20% albumin than for Ringer-lactate, and the effect was sustained over 5 h. The clinical efficacy of albumin during major hemorrhage was quite similar to previous studies with no hemorrhage.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05391607, date of registration May 26, 2022.
The novel phosphatase NUDT5 is a critical regulator of triple-negative breast cancer growth
Authors: Qian Jing , Ma Yanxia , Tahaney William M. , Moyer Cassandra L. , Lanier Amanda , Hill Jamal , Coleman Darian , Koupaei Negar , Hilsenbeck Susan G. , Savage Michelle I. , Page Brent D. G. , Mazumdar Abhijit , Brown Powel H. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The most aggressive form of breast cancer is triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which lacks expression of the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), and does not have overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Treatment options for women with TNBC tumors are limited, unlike those with ER-positive tumors that can be treated with hormone therapy, or those with HER2-positive tumors that can be treated with anti-HER2 therapy. Therefore, we have sought to identify novel targeted therapies for TNBC. In this study, we investigated the potential of a novel phosphatase, NUDT5, as a potential therapeutic target for TNBC.

Methods
The mRNA expression levels of NUDT5 in breast cancers were investigated using TCGA and METABRIC (Curtis) datasets. NUDT5 ablation was achieved through siRNA targeting and NUDT5 inhibition with the small molecule inhibitor TH5427. Xenograft TNBC animal models were employed to assess the effect of NUDT5 inhibition on in vivo tumor growth. Proliferation, death, and DNA replication assays were conducted to investigate the cellular biological effects of NUDT5 loss or inhibition. The accumulation of 8-oxo-guanine (8-oxoG) and the induction of γH2AX after NUDT5 loss was determined by immunofluorescence staining. The impact of NUDT5 loss on replication fork was assessed by measuring DNA fiber length.

Results
In this study, we demonstrated the significant role of an overexpressed phosphatase, NUDT5, in regulating oxidative DNA damage in TNBCs. Our findings indicate that loss of NUDT5 results in suppressed growth of TNBC both in vitro and in vivo. This growth inhibition is not attributed to cell death, but rather to the suppression of proliferation. The loss or inhibition of NUDT5 led to an increase in the oxidative DNA lesion 8-oxoG, and triggered the DNA damage response in the nucleus. The interference with DNA replication ultimately inhibited proliferation.

Conclusions
NUDT5 plays a crucial role in preventing oxidative DNA damage in TNBC cells. The loss or inhibition of NUDT5 significantly suppresses the growth of TNBCs. These biological and mechanistic studies provide the groundwork for future research and the potential development of NUDT5 inhibitors as a promising therapeutic approach for TNBC patients.
Eco-friendly, sensitive and inventive first derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetric determination of ciprofloxacin and phenylephrine in their pure form, single and combined eye drops
Authors: Barakat Neamat T. , El-Brashy Amina M. , Fathy Mona E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA facile, sensitive, accurate and green spectrofluorimetric method was evolved for the assay of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CFX) and phenylephrine hydrochloride (PLN) in their co-formulated eye drops with their challengeable ratio of 30:1 for CFX and PLN, respectively. Such drops are clinically used for the treatment of eye bacterial infections. They relieve the symptoms of infection by stopping further growth of the causative microorganisms. The assay principle based on first-order synchronous spectrofluorometric scan using Δ λ = 40 nm in which PLN peak amplitudes were recorded at 283.4 nm, meanwhile CFX was measured at 326.2 nm in the same scans. The calibration curves were linear within the concentration ranges: 0.02–0.5 µg/mL and 0.5–5.0 µg/mL for PLN and CFX, respectively. The method validation was confirmed following the International Conference of Harmonization (ICH) Guidelines. This suggested method was the first one that described simultaneous analysis of PLN and CFX by a spectrofluorimetric technique. In this method, green analytical procedures were implemented to lessen occupational and environmental perils and method greenness was assessed by four assessment tools. GAPI, NEMI, AGREE and Analytical eco-scale were applied to this study and it was deduced from their results that the method had high degree of greenness as it fulfilled all requirements of GAPI, NEMI pictograms and it had high scores of analytical eco scale (97) and AGREE methods (0.82). Subsequently, it was successfully applied to assay both drugs in pure forms, pharmaceutical single and co-formulated eye drops.
The origin of the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS)
Authors: Heck Hermann , Wackerhage Henning 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe maximal lactate steady state, abbreviated as MLSS, is the maximal exercise intensity where the concentration of earlobe capillary or arterial blood lactate remains constant over time. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, we (i.e. Hermann Heck and co-workers) developed a direct test to determine the MLSS to investigate whether it occurred at a lactate concentration of 4 mmol.L− 1, as earlier predicted by Alois Mader and colleagues. The test consisted of each participant performing several constant-intensity running bouts of ≈ 30 min at intensities close to the estimated MLSS. During each run, we measured lactate every 5 min. Based on the results, we defined the MLSS as the “workload where the concentration of blood lactate does not increase more than 1 mmo.L− 1during the last 20 min of a constant load exercise”. This MLSS protocol is impractical for performance testing as it requires too many exercise bouts, but it is a gold standard to determine the real MLSS. It is especially useful to validate indirect tests that seek to estimate the MLSS.
Adsorption and desorption capacity of different metals influenced by biomass derived biochar
Authors: Das Shaon Kumar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBy expanding the surface area and/or by other chemical reactions, soil additives such as biochar help retain nutrients in the soil. n this work, the effects of biochar on the adsorption and desorption of heavy metals and soil elements necessary for plant growth were investigated. To illustrate the adsorption of nutrients and heavy metals from solution on biochar, the Freundlich isotherm was employed. The rise in mineral nutrients, pH, and EC was linked to an increase in CEC with warmth. Because of its high CEC, biochar improves soil health and increases plant nutrient availability, which can boost agricultural yield when applied to the soil. In manure + biochar at 2.5 + 7.5 t/ha application rate the NH4+-N adsorption capacity was minimum in T7 (15.9 and 117.66) followed by T4 (17.6 and 130.24), T13 (18.7 and 138.38) and maximum in T10 (20.1 and 148.74) at 25 and 200 mg kg-1 level of added NH4+-N, respectively than control T1 (10.3 and 75.3). An increase in the rate of biochar application led to a favourable effect by increasing the NO3–N adsorption capability. The effect on P adsorption was more with biochar than manures. In manure + biochar at 2.5 + 7.5 t/ha application rate the Pb adsorption capacity was minimum in T7 (4.46 and 30.77) followed by T10 (4.71 and 32.49), T13 (5.16 and 35.60) and maximum in T4 (5.48 and 37.81) at 10 and 100 mg kg-1 level of added Pb, respectively than control T1 (1.86 and 12.83). Goat manure, FYM, vermicompost, and poultry manure had the greatest effects on desorption. The desorption of all heavy metals Cd, Pb, Zn, and As decreased as the rate of biochar application increased. Based on excess nutrients and heavy metals, this study supports the use of biochar to mitigate environmental concerns.
Circulating metabolome landscape in Lynch syndrome
Authors: Jokela Tiina A. , Karppinen Jari E. , Kärkkäinen Minta , Mecklin Jukka-Pekka , Walker Simon , Seppälä Toni T. , Laakkonen Eija K. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCirculating metabolites systemically reflect cellular processes and can modulate the tissue microenvironment in complex ways, potentially impacting cancer initiation processes. Genetic background increases cancer risk in individuals with Lynch syndrome; however, not all carriers develop cancer. Various lifestyle factors can influence Lynch syndrome cancer risk, and lifestyle choices actively shape systemic metabolism, with circulating metabolites potentially serving as the mechanical link between lifestyle and cancer risk. This study aims to characterize the circulating metabolome of Lynch syndrome carriers, shedding light on the energy metabolism status in this cancer predisposition syndrome.This study consists of a three-group cross-sectional analysis to compare the circulating metabolome of cancer-free Lynch syndrome carriers, sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and healthy non-carrier controls. We detected elevated levels of circulating cholesterol, lipids, and lipoproteins in LS carriers. Furthermore, we unveiled that Lynch syndrome carriers and CRC patients displayed similar alterations compared to healthy non-carriers in circulating amino acid and ketone body profiles. Overall, cancer-free Lynch syndrome carriers showed a unique circulating metabolome landscape.This study provides valuable insights into the systemic metabolic landscape of Lynch syndrome individuals. The findings hint at shared metabolic patterns between cancer-free Lynch syndrome carriers and CRC patients.
Complementary scientific techniques for the study of Mesoamerican greenstone objects
Authors: Knight Willow , Gantz Faith , Carl Matthew , Young Marcus L. , Kovacevich Brigitte , Crawford Dawn , Torok Elena , Baas Fran 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Jade and greenstone objects have been held in high regard by many cultures stemming from their limited geological availability and their unique optical and mechanical properties. Jade and greenstone objects symbolized life, fertility, and eternity to early Mesoamerican people. In recent years, scientific studies on jade and greenstone objects have been performed to establish provenance and usage, identify composition, and verify the presence of a particular material. These studies of jade and greenstone objects are generally divided geographically, with considerable interest in China and Central America. Most studies are focused on objects from one particular archaeological site; however, a few studies have focused on collections from a range of sites. The use of multiple complimentary analytical techniques has been shown to be the most effective method for characterizing and understanding the technical information obtained from cultural heritage objects. In our study, we examine a set of Mesoamerican jade and greenstone objects from the collection at the Dallas Museum of Art using multiple non-destructive techniques, including scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and handheld X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. We briefly discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each technique. Lastly, we present the results from our study and discuss them in their archaeological and historical context.
The effect of vertical skeletal proportions, skeletal maturation, and age on midpalatal suture maturation: a CBCT-based study
Authors: Ferrillo Martina , Daly Kieran , Pandis Nikolaos , Fleming Padhraig S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Midpalatal suture (MPS) maturation may be influenced by a range of parameters including age, gender, and vertical skeletal pattern. We therefore aimed to evaluate the effect of Frankfurt-mandibular angle (FMA), skeletal maturation, and age on the timing of MPS maturation.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and lateral cephalograms were used to assess the MPS and cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) stage. A proportional odds logistic regression model was used to assess associations between age adjusted for gender and MPS maturation, and a regression analysis was performed to analyze the effect of vertical pattern on these associations.

Results
A total of 201 patients (84 male and 117 female) with a mean age of 13.48 (SD 1.94) were included. With increasing age, the odds of belonging to a higher maturation stage increased (OR: 2.14; 95% CI 1.789; 2.567; P < 0.001); however, no association between FMA and MPS maturation was observed (OR: 1.01; 95% CI 0.964; 1.051; P = 0.76). A strong correlation between MPS maturation and CVM stage was not reported. Males had a higher probability of belonging to a lower MPS maturation stage (OR: 0.24; 95% CI 0.136; 0.415; P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Based on this cross-sectional analysis, midpalatal sutural maturation classification is associated with chronological age and occurs later in males. Neither CVM staging nor variation in vertical skeletal proportions were useful predictors of midpalatal maturation stage.
Multiscale modeling of dislocations: combining peridynamics with gradient elasticity
Authors: Ritter Jonas , Zaiser Michael 
Published: February 2024

AbstractModeling dislocations is an inherently multiscale problem as one needs to simultaneously describe the high stress fields near the dislocation cores, which depend on atomistic length scales, and a surface boundary value problem which depends on boundary conditions on the sample scale. We present a novel approach which is based on a peridynamic dislocation model to deal with the surface boundary value problem. In this model, the singularity of the stress field at the dislocation core is regularized owing to the non-local nature of peridynamics. The effective core radius is defined by the peridynamic horizon which, for reasons of computational cost, must be chosen much larger than the lattice constant. This implies that dislocation stresses in the near-core region are seriously underestimated. By exploiting relationships between peridynamics and Mindlin-type gradient elasticity, we then show that gradient elasticity can be used to construct short-range corrections to the peridynamic stress field that yield a correct description of dislocation stresses from the atomic to the sample scale.
Association between PET–CT accumulation in the hypothalamic/pituitary regions and neuron-specific enolase/primary tumor in limited-stage small cell lung cancer: a case-controlled retrospective study
Authors: Okada Yukinori , Zama Tatsuhiko , Itonaga Tomohiro , Mikami Ryuji , Okubo Mitsuru , Sugahara Shinji , Nakai Motoki , Abe Koichiro , Yoshimura Mana , Saito Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Research on the relationship between neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels and normal organs, particularly the central nervous system, in small cell lung cancer is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET–CT) accumulation at hypothalamic/pituitary regions, tumor activity, and NSE level in limited-stage small cell lung cancer. We retrospectively analyzed patients who were diagnosed with limited-stage small cell lung cancer at Tokyo Medical University Hospital between July 1, 2019, and May 31, 2023, and were treated with chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy. Leukocytes, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, platelets, total protein, albumin, NSE, and carcinoembryonic antigen were measured in blood samples obtained before treatment initiation. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), volume, and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of each hypothalamic /pituitary region, primary tumor, and lymph node metastases were extracted from PET–CT images. The total tumor volume (primary tumor volume plus lymph node metastases volume) and total TLG (primary tumor TLG plus lymph node metastases TLG) were calculated.

Results
This study included 19 patients (mean age, 70.1 ± 8.8 years; 13 men and 6 women); the pathology in all patients was small cell lung cancer. Patients were classified into two groups according to the NSE reference value (16.3 ng/mL): six patients having NSE level below the reference value and 13 having NSE level above the reference value. The SUVmax in the hypothalamic/pituitary region was 2.95 in the NSE < 16.3 ng/mL group and 4.10 in the NSE > 16.3 ng/mL group, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.03). The total tumor volume was 17.8 mL in the NSE < 16.3 ng/mL group and 98.9 mL in the NSE > 16.3 ng/mL group, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01). A correlation coefficient of r = 0.458 (p = 0.0486) was observed between SUVmax in the hypothalamus/pituitary and NSE level. A correlation coefficient of r = 0.647 (p < 0.01) was also observed between total tumor volume and NSE level. Finally, a correlation coefficient of r = 0.53 (p = 0.01) was observed between hypothalamic/pituitary TLG and primary tumor TLG.

Conclusions
The findings demonstrated a correlation between hypothalamic/pituitary activity and tumor activity, suggesting the prognostic significance of NSE.