bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMMUNICATION PREFERENCES FOR DEPRESCRIBING BISPHOSPHONATES IN NURSING HOME RESIDENTS WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Fasth Lauren , Kelley Casey , Colón-Emeric Cathleen , Thorpe Carolyn , Gilliam Meredith , Lund Jennifer , Hanson Laura , Niznik Joshua 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Bisphosphonates are potential targets for deprescribing in nursing home residents with dementia as goals of care change from preventive to palliative. Yet, prescribers lack communication guidance to address deprescribing. We sought to characterize and compare communication preferences of prescribers and family/informal caregivers regarding bisphosphonate deprescribing. We conducted 23 semi-structured interviews with prescribers (12) and caregivers (11). Prescribers and caregivers were asked to provide their impressions of 7 conversation starters for discussing deprescribing bisphosphonates. A qualitative framework analysis was used to identify themes throughout the interviews across the following domains: content of communication, relationship between communicators, and preferred communication styles. Among prescribers, there were 10 physicians and 2 nurse practitioners; most (9) were female and White. Among caregivers, 8 were female, 7 were White, and 5 were Latino/a; most (9) had a post-secondary degree. The most preferred deprescribing conversation starter for prescribers focused on increased risk of adverse effects, while caregivers most preferred a discussion weighing risks versus benefits. The least preferred conversation starter for deprescribing across both groups focused on the extra effort and cost of continuing bisphosphonates. Similarities and differences between prescribers and caregivers regarding important topics for deprescribing conversations were identified, including quality of life, risk versus benefit, and shared decision-making. While caregivers and prescribers agreed on some communication preferences, this study highlights nuanced differences in preferred communication about deprescribing bisphosphonates. The results of this study may contribute to clinical guidance for prescribers and education materials for caregivers to facilitate more effective conversations about deprescribing bisphosphonates.
EMOTIONAL RESPONSES OF ADULTS LIVING WITH DEMENTIA TO AN INTERGENERATIONAL MUSIC INTERVENTION
Authors: Dorris Jennie , Raina Ketki , Neely Stephen , Rodakowski Juleen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Music interventions have shown promise to support emotional well-being in older adults living with dementia. Bolstering emotional well-being could improve the quality of life of the millions of older adults living with dementia. We implemented an intergenerational music intervention at Dementia360, a community program that serves older adults living with dementia. The music intervention featured adolescent musicians performing the preferred music of the older participants and engaging them in interactive musical activities via Zoom. 14 older adult participants attended an average of four sessions, 54 minutes each, of the intervention. We described their positive affect and pleasure as they engaged in the intervention. We compared participants’ scores on the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) pre- and post-intervention. We also assessed the participants’ emotions by rating them using the Observed Emotion Rating Scale (OERS). On average, the participants’ scores increased three points on the Positive Affect subscale of the PANAS. Our computed cohen’s d effect size was 0.5, a moderate effect size that correlates with self-report measures of feeling “a little more” to “much more” positive affect. On the OERS Pleasure subscale, we found that pleasure was shown for more than one minute of the ten-minute sample in over 87% of the observations. Intergenerational music interventions employ the safe, pleasurable, and scalable modality of music. These findings suggest that participation in such an intervention has the potential to influence positive affect and pleasure, critical supports for the emotional well-being of older adults living with dementia.
EMPOWERING STAFF TO MANAGE MEALTIME DIFFICULTIES AMONG RESIDENTS WITH DEMENTIA: A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Passos Lígia , Tavares João , Batchelor Melissa , Figueiredo Daniela 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
People in advanced stages of dementia may experience mealtimes difficulties and depend on others for feeding. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of an educational intervention on mealtime difficulties of people with dementia, in a sample of 16 direct care workers and 9 people with dementia and was conducted in a nursing home. The sessions provided information about dementia, mealtime difficulties, and training on strategies and techniques. Feasibility was assessed through screening, eligibility, consent, retention, completion, and intervention adherence rates; and acceptability through a satisfaction questionnaire. The staff assessment included: burnout, job satisfaction, and knowledge about dementia and mealtime difficulties. In people with dementia, eating and feeding problems, and food intake were assessed. The main findings show that all feasibility rates, except for screening (89%), were excellent (100%). Direct care workers appreciated the intervention and perceived educational and practical benefits, although they reported needing more time to provide better assistance. Burnout levels did not change (mean 58.9 versus 58.6), but job satisfaction showed a positive trend (mean 71 versus 74.5) at the end of the intervention. Knowledge increased 37.5% compared to baseline. EdFED’s score presented slight improvement, while the oral intake of people with dementia increased after the intervention (91.1% versus 98.1%). The intervention was found to be feasible and acceptable. However, the educational intervention content needs improvement, and further studies with robust designs and larger samples are needed to better understand its effects on both direct care workers and people with dementia.
THE DREAM TOOLKIT: CO-DEVELOPED TRAINING AND RESOURCES TO PROMOTE WELL-BEING OF PERSONS WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Freeman Shannon , Middleton Laura , Pelletier Chelsea , Skinner Kelly , Regan Kayla , Donnelly Rachael , Keller Heather ,   DREAM Research Team
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Promoting wellbeing of persons with dementia is a priority. Engaging multi-perspective partners to co-develop interventions creates impactful solutions. We will describe the process, output, and lessons from the Dementia Resources for Eating, Activity, and Meaningful inclusion (DREAM) project, which co-developed tools/resources with persons with dementia, care partners, community service providers, health care professionals, and researchers. We aimed to increase supports for physical activity, healthy eating, and wellbeing of persons with dementia. Our process included: 1) Engaging/maintaining the DREAM Steering Team; 2) Setting/navigating ways of engagement; 3) Prioritizing audience and content of the toolkit; 4) Drafting content & format of toolkit; 5) Iterative co-development of tools/resources; 6) Usability testing; 7) Implementation and evaluation. In virtual meetings, the DREAM Steering Team confirmed toolkit audiences (primary: community service providers; secondary: persons with dementia and care partners) and discussed and evolved content areas. An environmental scan identified existing, high-quality resources aligned with content areas. The DREAM Steering Team alongside additional community partners and external contractors iteratively co-developed new resources/tools to meet gaps. The DREAM toolkit includes a website, seven learning modules about dementia, healthy eating, and physical activity, a learning manual, six videos, nine handouts, and four wallet cards (www.dementiawellness.ca). Co-development participants rated the virtual co-development process highly in relation to the principles and enablers of Authentic Partnership in a process evaluation. Through the co-developed DREAM toolkit, we anticipate community service providers will learn to provide inclusive wellness programs and services to benefit persons with dementia and their families.
NETWORK ANALYSIS OF HEALTH PROBLEMS AMONG OLDER WORKERS AGED 65–75 IN KOREA
Authors: Kim Layoung , Kim Gwang Suk , Park Min Kyung , Lee Jae Jun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Korea’s effective age of labor market exit is 72.3 years the longest age among the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The increase in the number and age of older workers can result in the burden of workplace safety and health management. Health policies and programs can be efficient only when they are established based on a specific understanding of health problems by occupational groups. In this study, we identified older workers’ central health problems. Six health problems were reported by the 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey. The occupational characteristics were distributed into three groups: white-, blue-, and pink-collar. The data of older workers aged 65-75 who worked over 40 hours per week (N=1,086) was used for network analysis through the bootnet and qgraph packages in the R software. The health problems reported by older workers were: backache (39.9%); muscular pains in the shoulder, neck, and upper limb (39.7%); muscular pains in the lower limb (24.1%); fatigue (31.2%); headaches and eyestrain (17.3%); and anxiety (6.5%). The most central node of network was muscular pains in upper, which had significant relationships with backache, pains in lower, and fatigue. The correlation stability coefficient of strength was 0.672, which was preferable. In the subdivide, the pink-collar group showed muscular pains in the lower limb as the highest centrality. Since older people have simultaneous health problems, healthcare management should consider the relationships between problems. Additionally, centrality differed from occupational groups. These findings can be applicated to provide customized programs for the older workers.
RADIOTHERAPY NEEDS BY PORTUGUESE OLDER ADULTS IN 2040—A GLOBOCAN ANALYSIS
Authors: Rodrigues Edna Darlene , Almeida Paulo , Lopez Escarlata , Teixeira Laetitia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In Portugal, cancer is the second leading cause of death, accounting 28,544 deaths in 2018 (around 25% of all deaths). Radiotherapy (RT) is an effective cancer treatment. Around half of all cancer patients will require RT as part of their treatment. The European SocieTy for Radiotherapy and Oncology - Health Economics in Radiation Oncology (ESTRO-HERO) project data states that Portuguese actual utilisation of RT relative to the evidence-based optimal use is between 50-60%. The aim of this study was to project RT use and resources to maintain RT accessibility for Portuguese older adults in 2040 for the most common types of cancers. The authors examined GLOBOCAN data to determine expected incidence of prostate, colon, rectum, lung, breast, and stomach cancers for those aged 70 and over. Results show that in 2040, new cancer cases in older adults are expected to account for around 60% of total cancer cases. Cancer incidence is estimated to increase between 30 to 40% in this population. In accordance with this projection, the authors used the optimal utilisation percentage of RT to calculate the number of RT courses anticipated to be needed for each cancer type and an increase of around 38% (8878 to 12729) is expected by 2040 to address the needs of this population. The ESTRO-HERO guidelines state that each RT machine should treat 400 to 450 patients per year. So, to cover the older patients’ demand, we estimate the need to install 8 to 10 additional RT machines by 2040.
THE RADIOTHERAPY USE BY OLDER CANCER PATIENTS IN PORTUGAL—2018 NATIONAL CANCER REGISTRY DATA
Authors: Rodrigues Edna Darlene , Bento Maria José , Calisto Rita , Rodrigues Jessica , Almeida Paulo , Lopez Escarlata , Teixeira Laetitia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In Portugal, cancer is the second leading cause of death, accounting for 28544 in 2018, around 25% of all deaths. Radiotherapy (RT) will be required by around half of the cancer patients. Older patients should be treated with ultrahipofractionation and highly precise/accurate technology to reduce the treatment sessions and to avoid side effects which are important for their quality of life. Nowadays, there is a global lack of RT infrastructure/investment that compromises cancer outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the RT coverage by older patients in Portugal. The authors examined the 2018 national cancer registry data regarding the RT use stratified by cancer site and age groups. A total of 14448 cancer registries regarding patients aged 70 y/o or over were included. We calculated the optimal use through the application of the optimal utilisation percentage of RT for each cancer site, published by European SocieTy for Radiotherapy and Oncology - Health Economics in Radiation Oncology (ESTRO-HERO) project. The ratio between optimal use and real RT use was 56%, 51%, 41%, and 36% for the patients aged 70-74, 75-79, 80-84, and 85+, respectively. We should interpret these results considering the complex older patients’ setting of multi-morbidity and geriatric syndromes. Furthermore, radiation oncologists face a lack of evidence that supports optimal treatment decisions for older patients. There is an urgent need for older adults’ inclusive clinical trials, measures to reduce ageism, improve access, and provide the cornerstone of quality cancer care for older adults - the geriatric assessment.
METABOLIC SYNDROME, LIFESTYLE FACTORS, AND SLEEP-DISORDERED BREATHING IN US HISPANICS: IMPLICATIONS FOR MID LIFE
Authors: Richard Shannon , Feng Du , Tran Dieu-My , Renn Brenna , Kim Jinyoung 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
US Hispanics/Latinos are disproportionately susceptible to metabolic syndrome (MetS), attributed in part to health and lifestyle factors such as low physical activity levels, diet quality, alcohol use, tobacco use, and sleep-disordered breathing. The risk of MetS and MetS-related complications increases with age. We examined the relationships between select health and lifestyle factors and MetS among Hispanic gender-heritage subgroups and determined whether gender and heritage moderate those relationships. Participants included 14,155 Hispanic Americans aged 18–76 (59% women, mean age 45.92 ± 13.97) from seven heritage subgroups. This secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from the observational Hispanic Community Health Study / Study of Latinos dataset used multinomial logistic regression and Hayes’ PROCESS macro to test these relationships; the dependent variable, MetS, included four categories delineating MetS and related medication use. Results include low physical activity (p&lt; .001) and sleep-disordered breathing (p&lt; .001) were associated with the MetS with medication use group. High alcohol use decreased the probability of being in this group (p&lt; .001). Cigarette pack years were not significantly associated with MetS outcomes. Gender moderated the association between MetS and diet quality (p&lt; .001), alcohol use (p&lt; .001), cigarette pack-years (p&lt; .001), and sleep-disordered breathing (p&lt; .001). Low physical activity and sleep-disordered breathing was significantly associated with MetS group membership, whereas low and high alcohol use were associated with decreased MetS risk. Gender-heritage differences were prominent in each of the study variables. Midlife may be an important target for prevention and intervention; other considerations for aging will be discussed.
ASSOCIATION OF BIOCHEMICAL, CLINICAL, AND ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETERS WITH FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE OF OLDER WOMEN
Authors: Funghetto Silvana , Ferreira Erika , Leite Mateus , de Silva Alessandro Oliveira , Lima Marina Morato Stival , de Lima Luciano Ramos , Barbalho Yuri Barbalho Sousa , Volpe Cris Renata 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Increased longevity is a widespread worldwide trend, evidenced by demographic and epidemiological data, especially with regard to females, who live an average of seven years longer than males. The aging process is associated with a progressive decline in muscle mass, strength, power, impaired balance, altered heart function and vascular function. These changes negatively affect exercise capacity, increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, and have implications for physical function and the risk of falling. This is particularly relevant among women diagnosed with impaired functional performance. The aim of this study was to determine an association of biochemical, anthropometric, metabolic and inflammatory parameters according to the functional performance of older women aged 62 to 75 years attended for in primary health care. Statistical results showed that the 116 older women (56.86%) identified with impaired functional performance had a pro-inflammatory marker, high anthropometric indices and body composition, impaired cognitive performance and lower muscle strength as older women ( 88 ) with normal functional performance (43.14%). Age, waist-to-height ratio and elevated IL-6 and muscle strength significantly decreased the risk of impaired functional performance. These important findings demonstrate the need for further research documenting the underlying processes and risk factors for preserving functional capacity, carrying out life activities and decreasing the emergence of illnesses. The potential benefits of this approach provide a basis for developing individualized health promotion interventions in the management of this population of older women.
FEASIBILITY OF HIGH-INTENSITY FUNCTIONAL STRENGTH TRAINING AT HOME FOR POSTINJURY OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Morgan Ashley , Heisz Jennifer , Tang Ada , Thabane Lehana , Richardson Julie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Older adults who experience a slip, trip, or fall may experience preclinical mobility limitation (PCML), where individuals report modifications but not difficulty in mobility tasks and are at increased risk for future functional decline. Functional decline may be prevented with exercise. The purpose of this pilot trial was to determine the feasibility (adherence, recruitment, retention, safety) and preliminary outcomes (physical functioning, cognitive functioning, enjoyment) of home-based 12-week high-intensity functional strength training (HIFST) for community-dwelling older adults (≥ 55 years) with PCML who have had an injury from a slip, trip, or fall in the previous year. The trial is currently underway (target completion spring 2023). Participants are stratified by sex and randomized (1:1) to HIFST or a stretching program, both delivered by a physiotherapist via videoconferencing. Feasibility will be assessed based on predetermined criteria and reported using descriptive statistics. Preliminary effects will be reported as between group differences. To date, 20 participants (11 HIFST, 9 stretch) have enrolled (target n=24). Six participants have completed the HIFST intervention, and 2 have withdrawn before completion (reasons: mental health crisis and acute knee pain episode) with a total adherence rate of 85.8% of sessions completed (97.7% for the 6 participants who did not withdraw) which exceeds our threshold for feasibility (≥ 70%). No serious intervention-related adverse events have been reported. The results of this pilot will provide essential information for future research regarding the process, resources, and potential effects of home-based HIFST in a PCML post-injury older adult population.
SOCIAL ISOLATION AND DIET QUALITY AMONG US ADULTS WITH A DISABILITY IN NHANES, 2013–2018
Authors: Parker Elizabeth , Saif Nadia , Barry Kathryn , Falvey Jason , Addison Odessa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Social isolation and disability are established risk factors for poor nutrition. There is limited understanding of how social isolation affects diet quality specifically among adults with disability. This cross-sectional analysis used NHANES 2013-2018 data to assess whether social isolation is associated with diet quality among adults with disabilities. Adults with a disability, not pregnant/breastfeeding, and not missing dietary intake data were included (n=5,167). Disability was defined based on reporting difficulty with any activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, lower extremity mobility activities, or general physical activities. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI); higher scores corresponded to higher diet quality. We computed a social isolation index by summing single status, living alone, and two social engagement difficulty measures (1 point for each component met; 4 points maximum). Multivariable linear regression, controlling for demographic and health covariates, estimated differences in HEI scores for dietary intake, by social isolation score. The highest social isolation score category was associated with lower total HEI score (β = -1.71 points, 95% CI -3.08, -0.34), and lower intake of vegetables (β = -0.39 points, 95% CI -0.59, -0.20) and seafood/plant proteins (β = -0.37 points, 95% CI -0.60, -0.13). Single status and both social engagement measures were associated with lower scores on certain adequacy components. There was little evidence of effect modification by age or gender (p-interaction &gt;0.05). Among socially isolated adults with disabilities, increasing access to fresh foods, particularly vegetables and seafood/plant proteins, should be a priority.
CHARACTERIZATION OF AGE-RELATED BIOENERGETIC DECLINE IN HUMAN DERMAL FIBROBLASTS
Authors: Phang Howard , Heimler Stephanie , Molina Anthony 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Progressive mitochondrial dysfunction is a widely recognized hallmark of the human aging process. However, efforts to model bioenergetic decline in vitro largely fail to recapitulate the context of human aging and metabolic physiology, making investigation of age-related bioenergetic decline and targeted interventions difficult. We sought to model human bioenergetic decline in vitro by profiling the respiratory capacity of cultured human dermal fibroblasts from donors across the adult human lifespan. Primary human dermal fibroblasts (pHDF) are an attractive in vitro model to assess age-related bioenergetic decline due to retention of key genotypic and phenotypic features of the donor during cell culturing, including age-related phenotypes. We hypothesized that respiratory capacity of pHDF is associated with the chronological age of the donor. We leveraged the San Diego Nathan Shock Center of Excellence (SD-NSC) study which is collecting pHDF from healthy adult (aged 20-85+) participants representative of “normal” aging based on strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. We profiled the mitochondrial function of eleven SD-NSC pHDF lines using the Seahorse XFe96 Mito Stress Test. The Pearson correlation identified a strong, negative correlation between maximal respiration and age (r= –0.69, p=0.02) and between spare respiratory capacity and age (r= –0.68, p=0.02). This suggests that human age-related mitochondrial dysfunction can be recapitulated in vitro using primary cell culture. These findings serve as the starting point for deeper analysis involving a larger sample of pHDF lines and other bioenergetic parameters to accurately quantify the effect of human aging on mitochondrial function and bioenergetics.