bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of general relativity on habitable zone particles under the presence of an inner perturber around solar-mass stars
Authors: Coronel C F , de Elía G C , Zanardi M , Dugaro A 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
We analyse the role of the general relativity (GR) on the nodal librations of test particles located at the Habitable Zone (HZ) around a solar-mass star, which evolve under the influence of an eccentric planetary-mass perturber with a semimajor axis of 0.1 au. Based on a secular Hamiltonian up to quadrupole level, we derive analytical criteria that define the nodal libration region of an HZ particle as a function of its eccentricity e2 and inclination i2, and the mass m1 and the eccentricity e1 of the perturber. We show that an HZ particle can experience nodal librations with orbital flips or purely retrograde orbits for any m1 and e1 by adopting a suitable combination of e2 and i2. For m1 &lt; 0.84 MJup, the greater the m1 value, the smaller the e2 value above which nodal librations are possible for a given e1. For m1 &gt; 0.84 MJup, an HZ test particle can undergo nodal librations for any e2 and appropriate values of e1 and i2. The same correlation between m1 and e2 is obtained for nodal librations with orbital flips, but a mass limit for m1 of 1.68 MJup is required in this case. Moreover, the more massive the inner perturber, the greater the nodal libration region associated with orbital flips in the (e1, i2) plane for a given value of e2. Finally, we find good agreements between the analytical criteria and results from N-body simulations for values of m1 ranging from Saturn-like planets to super-Jupiters.
Eruptive novae in symbiotic systems
Authors: Vathachira Irin Babu , Hillman Yael , Kashi Amit 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTWe conduct numerical simulations of multiple nova eruptions in detached, widely separated symbiotic systems that include an asymptotic giant branch (AGB) companion to investigate the impact of white dwarf (WD) mass and binary separation on the evolution of the system. The accretion rate is determined using the Bondi–Hoyle–Lyttleton method, incorporating orbital momentum loss caused by factors such as gravitational radiation, magnetic braking, and drag. The WD in such a system accretes matter coming from the strong wind of an AGB companion until it finishes shedding its envelope. This occurs on an evolutionary time-scale of ≈3 × 105 yr. Throughout all simulations, we use a consistent AGB model with an initial mass of 1.0 M⊙ while varying the WD mass and binary separation, as they are the critical factors influencing nova eruption behaviour. We find that the accretion rate fluctuates between high and low rates during the evolutionary period, significantly impacted by the AGB’s mass loss rate. We show that unlike novae in cataclysmic variables, the orbital period may either increase or decrease during evolution, depending on the model, while the separation consistently decreases. Furthermore, we have identified cases in which the WDs produce weak, non-ejective novae and experience mass gain. This suggests that provided the accretion efficiency can be achieved by a more massive WD and maintained for long enough, they could potentially serve as progenitors for type Ia supernovae.
Compact groups from semi-analytical models of galaxy formation – V. Their assembly channels as a function of the environment
Authors: Taverna A , Díaz-Giménez E , Zandivarez A , Martínez H J , Ruiz A N 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
We delved into the assembly pathways and environments of compact groups (CGs) of galaxies using mock catalogues generated from semi-analytical models (SAMs) on the Millennium simulation. We investigate the ability of SAMs to replicate the observed CG environments and whether CGs with different assembly histories tend to inhabit specific cosmic environments. We also analyse whether the environment or the assembly history is more important in tailoring CG properties. We find that about half of the CGs in SAMs are non-embedded systems, 40 per cent are inhabiting loose groups or nodes of filaments, while the rest distribute evenly in filaments and voids, in agreement with observations. We observe that early-assembled CGs preferentially inhabit large galaxy systems ($\sim 60~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$), while around 30 per cent remain non-embedded. Conversely, lately formed CGs exhibit the opposite trend. We also obtain that lately formed CGs have lower velocity dispersions and larger crossing times than early-formed CGs, but mainly because they are preferentially non-embedded. Those lately formed CGs that inhabit large systems do not show the same features. Therefore, the environment plays a strong role in these properties for lately formed CGs. Early-formed CGs are more evolved, displaying larger velocity dispersions, shorter crossing times, and more dominant first-ranked galaxies, regardless of the environment. Finally, the difference in brightness between the two brightest members of CGs is dependent only on the assembly history and not on the environment. CGs residing in diverse environments have undergone varied assembly processes, making them suitable for studying their evolution and the interplay of nature and nurture on their traits.
fastchem cond: equilibrium chemistry with condensation and rainout for cool planetary and stellar environments
Authors: Kitzmann Daniel , Stock Joachim W , Patzer A Beate C 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Cool astrophysical objects, such as (exo)planets, brown dwarfs, or asymptotic giant branch stars, can be strongly affected by condensation. Condensation not only directly affects the chemical composition of the gas phase by removing elements but the condensed material also influences other chemical and physical processes in these objects. This includes, for example, the formation of clouds in planetary atmospheres and brown dwarfs or the dust-driven winds of evolved stars. In this study, we introduce fastchem cond, a new version of the fastchem equilibrium chemistry code that adds a treatment of equilibrium condensation. Determining the equilibrium composition under the impact of condensation is complicated by the fact that the number of condensates that can exist in equilibrium with the gas phase is limited by a phase rule. However, this phase rule does not directly provide information as to which condensates are stable. A major advantage of fastchem cond is its ability to automatically select the set stable condensates satisfying the phase rule. Besides the normal equilibrium condensation, fastchem cond can also be used with the rainout approximation that is commonly employed in atmospheres of brown dwarfs or (exo)planets. fastchem cond is available as open-source code, released under the GNU General Public Licence 3 (GPLv3). In addition to the c++ code, fastchem cond also offers a python interface. Together with the code update, we also add about 290 liquid and solid condensate species to fastchem.
The effect of isotopic substitution on the excitation of CCS isotopologues in molecular clouds
Authors: Godard Palluet Amélie , Lique François 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
CCS(3Σ−) is one of the few molecules which presents many observable isotopologues, with the reported detection of 13CCS, C13CS, CC34S, and CC33S. The accurate determination of CCS isotopologues abundances enables the study of the isotopic fraction in media where they are detected, and gives insights into their formation pathways. The availability of collisional rate coefficients, that are prerequisite for accurate determination of their abundances in astrophysical media under non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) conditions, allows drawing reliable conclusions on their abundances. In this study, fine and hyperfine-structure resolved excitation rate coefficients induced by collisions with helium are produced with a quantum approach for all detected CCS isotopologues for the 5–50 K temperature range. Radiative transfer models have been performed with the new data to discuss their impact on the excitation conditions of these species. The effect of the isotopic substitution appears to be weak between fine-structure rate coefficients. The observed lines of CCS, 13CCS, C13CS, and CC34S are found to be out of LTE conditions, and therefore, the proper determination of the abundance of CCS isotopologues in molecular clouds requires the use of the data produced in this work.
On the orbital decay of the gas giant Kepler-1658b
Authors: Barker Adrian J , Efroimsky Michael , Makarov Valeri V , Veras Dimitri 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
The gas giant Kepler-1658b has been inferred to be spiralling into its sub-giant F-type host star Kepler-1658a (KOI-4). The measured rate of change of its orbital period is $\stackrel{\bf \centerdot }{\textstyle {P}}_{\rm orb}\, =\, -\, 131^{+20}_{-22}\,\rm {ms\,yr^{ -1}}$, which can be explained by tidal dissipation in the star if its modified tidal quality factor is as low as $Q^{\, \prime }\approx 2.50\times {10}^{4}$. We explore whether this could plausibly be consistent with theoretical predictions based on applying up-to-date tidal theory in stellar models (varying stellar mass, age, and metallicity) consistent with our newly derived observational constraints. In most of our models matching the combined constraints on the stellar effective temperature and radius, the dissipation in the star is far too weak, capable of providing $Q^{\, \prime }\gtrsim 10^9$, hence contributing negligibly to orbital evolution. Using only constraints on the stellar radius, efficient tidal dissipation sufficient to explain observations is possible due to inertial waves in the convective envelope during the sub-giant phase, providing $Q^{\, \prime }\sim 10^4$, but this period in the evolution is very short-lived (shorter than 102 yr in our models). We show that dissipation in the planet is capable of explaining the observed $\dot{P}_\mathrm{orb}$ only if the planet rotates non-synchronously. Tidally induced pericentre precession is a viable explanation if the periastron argument is near 3π/2 and the planet's quadrupolar Love number is above 0.26. Further observations constraining the stellar and planetary properties in this system have the exciting potential to test tidal theories in stars and planets.
Testing theories of accretion and gravity with super-extremal Kerr discs
Authors: Mummery Andrew , Balbus Steven , Ingram Adam 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Fitting the thermal continuum emission of accreting black holes observed across X-ray bands represents one of the principle means of constraining the properties (mass and spin) of astrophysical black holes. Recent ‘continuum fitting’ studies of Galactic X-ray binaries in the soft state have found best-fitting dimensionless spin values which run into the prior bounds placed on traditional models (a⋆ = 0.9999). It is of critical importance that these results are robust, and not a result solely of the presence of these prior bounds and deficiencies in conventional models of accretion. Motivated by these results we derive and present superkerr, an xspec model comprising of a thin accretion disc solution valid in the Kerr geometry for arbitrary spin parameter a⋆, extending previous models valid only for black holes (|a⋆| &lt; 1). This extension into ‘super-extremal’ space–times with |a⋆| &gt; 1 includes solutions which describe discs evolving around naked singularities, not black holes. While being valid solutions of Einstein’s field equations these naked singularities are not expected to be present in nature. We discuss how the ‘measurement’ of a Kerr spin parameter 1 &lt; a⋆ &lt; 5/3 would present compelling evidence for the requirement of a rethink in either standard accretion theory, or our theories of gravity.
A huge-amplitude white-light superflare on a L0 brown dwarf discovered by GWAC survey
Authors: Xin Li-Ping , Li Hua-li , Wang Jing , Han Xu-Hui , Cai Hong-Bo , Huang Xin-Bo , Cao Jia-Xin , Zhu Yi-Nan , Wang Xiang-Gao , Li Guang-Wei , Ren Bin , Gao Cheng , Song Da , Huang Lei , Lu Xiao-Meng , Bai Jian-Ying , Qiu Yu-Lei , Liang En-Wei , Dai Zi-Gao , Wang Xiang-Yu , Wu Chao , Deng Jing-Song , Yang Yuan-Gui , Wei Jian-Yan 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
White-light superflares from ultra-cool stars are thought to be resulted from magnetic reconnection, but the magnetic dynamics in a fully convective star is not clear yet. In this paper, we report a stellar superflare detected with the ground wide angle camera (GWAC), along with rapid follow-ups with the F60A, Xinglong 2.16-m, and LCOGT telescopes. The effective temperature of the counterpart is estimated to be 2200 ± 50 K by the BT-Settl model, corresponding to a spectral type of L0. The R-band light curve can be modelled as a sum of three exponential decay components, where the impulsive component contributes a fraction of 23 per cent of the total energy, while the gradual and the shallower decay phases emit 42 per cent and 35 per cent of the total energy, respectively. The strong and variable Balmer narrow emission lines indicate the large amplitude flare is resulted from magnetic activity. The bolometric energy released is about 6.4 × 1033 erg, equivalent to an energy release in a duration of 143.7 h at its quiescent level. The amplitude of Δ R = −8.6 mag (or Δ V = −11.2 mag), placing it one of the highest amplitudes of any ultra-cool star recorded with excellent temporal resolution. We argue that a stellar flare with such rapidly decaying and huge amplitude at distances greater than 1 kpc may be false positive in searching for counterparts of catastrophic events such as gravitational wave events or gamma-ray bursts, which are valuable in time-domain astronomy and should be given more attention.
The Flawed Foundations of Social Equity in Public Administration: A Racial Contract Theory Critique
Authors: Moloney Kim , Lewis Rupert 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe social equity concept of American public administration traces its roots to the philosophies of John Rawls, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. We suggest such fixed positionalities limit what is knowable about social equity. This is due to their restricted considerations of America’s racialized origins. By introducing Charles Mills’ racial contract theory to the public administration discipline, we suggest that the assumed “social contract” at America’s origins was racialized, was disconnected from its historical actuality, and was born of exploitation. Racialized epistemological foundations alter how the social equity concept is understood. The implications matter for our disciplinary understanding of social equity and its origins.
Polysomnographic findings of myotonic dystrophy type 1/type 2: evidence from case–control studies
Authors: Zhang Ye , Ren Rong , Yang Linghui , Jin Hui , Nie Yuru , Zhang Haipeng , Shi Yuan , Sanford Larry D , Vitiello Michael V , Tang Xiangdong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
This study explores polysomnographic and multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) differences between myotonic dystrophy type 1/type 2 (DM1/DM2) patients and controls.

Methods
An electronic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, All EBM databases, and Web of Science from inception to Aug 2023.

Results
Meta-analyses revealed significant reductions in sleep efficiency, N2 percentage, mean SpO2, and MSLT measured mean sleep latency, and increases in N3 sleep, wake time after sleep onset, apnea hypopnea index, and periodic limb movement index in DM1 patients compared with controls. However, any differences of polysomnographic sleep change between DM2 patients and controls could not be established due to limited available studies.

Conclusions
Multiple significant polysomnographic abnormalities are present in DM1. More case–control studies evaluating polysomnographic changes in DM2 compared with controls are needed.
Effects of isoenergetic supplementation as water use mitigation strategy on water footprint and health of nursing bull calves
Authors: Macias Franco Arturo , da Silva Aghata Elins Moreira , de Moura Felipe Henrique , Norris Aaron B , Roloson Serena Breanne , Gerrard David E , de Mello Amilton , Fonseca Mozart A 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSustainable livestock systems focus on mitigating natural resource use such as water. Dietary management strategies can significantly reduce the water footprint of livestock animals; however, animal health is of concern when animals reduce water intake due to subacute dehydration. To evaluate potential consequences of this nutritional management intervention, a total of 23, 60 ± 3 days old nursing Holstein bull calves, weighing 94.7 ± 12.07 kg, were distributed in a completely randomized design and received one of three diets. Control was a basal diet composed of a non-medicated milk replacer (milk replacer; n = 7), and the additional two diets, were composed of the same non-medicated milk replacer in addition to either lipid [n = 8; milk replacer + menhaden fish oil (3 %)] or soluble carbohydrate [n = 8; milk replacer + corn starch (7%) isoenergetic to fat group] supplements. Animals were offered ad libitum mineral mix and water, as well as 120 g/day of a composite mix of dried microbrewery’s spent grains. Data were analyzed as linear and generalized linear mixed models with diet as a fixed effect and animal as random utilizing R studio (R Core Team, 2021, Vienna, Austria; SAS Inst., Cary, NC). Within supplementation groups, lipid supplemented calves had the highest lymphocyte (63.24 vs 57.69 counts/100 lymphocytes; P &lt; 0.033), and lowest neutrophil counts (29.3 vs 35.3 counts/100 lymphocytes; P &lt; 0.047). Supplementation significantly increased total serum protein (P = 0.001) and skin moisture (P &lt; 0.011), with carbohydrate group having the highest skin moisture (5.30 vs 3.99; P &lt; 0.047). Supplementation also decreased fecal fluidity scores (P &lt; 0.001) with no significant change in serum electrolytes (P &gt; 0.256). No significant differences were found amongst treatments for the ingestive behavior (P &gt; 0.338). The carbohydrate-supplemented calves significantly decreased all daily water footprints compared to the control and fat-supplemented groups: blue a 47.55 L decrease, (P &lt; 0.001), green a 265.62 L decrease (P = 0.005), and gray a 55.87 L decrease (P = 0.009) water footprint, as well as total water footprint (369.04 L, P = 0.004). Our results indicate the potential to maintain animal performance while increasing water use efficiency through diet supplementation tailored to mitigate water use, without adverse effects on animal health.
Morphology matters: congruence of morphology and phylogeny in the integrative taxonomy of Clevelandellidae (Ciliophora: Armophorea) with description of six new species
Authors: Kotyk Michael , Bourland William A , Soviš Matyáš , Méndez-Sánchez Daniel , Škaloud Pavel , Kotyková Varadínová Zuzana , Čepička Ivan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Armophorid ciliates of family Clevelandellidae represent ecologically interesting symbionts of ecologically interesting hosts: wood-eating cockroaches of subfamily Panesthiinae unrelated to the termite/Cryptocercus lineage. Moreover, these protists exhibit a peculiar morphology, with the posteriorization of oral structures being the most striking of their unique characters. Despite that, the family is relatively understudied, with only a handful of morphologically novel species being described since its erection more than 80 years ago. Recently, however, several clevelandellid species were described solely on the basis of molecular characters and it has been suggested that morphology should be abandoned in favour of purely molecular taxonomy. In our study we report on the diversity of Clevelandellidae from the widest host spectrum assessed so far, characterize a majority of previously described Clevelandellidae species, and describe six new Clevelandella species. By applying an integrative taxonomical approach, using molecular and modern morphological methods, we demonstrate the pitfalls of a purely molecular approach and show that morphology still has its place in the taxonomy of Clevelandellidae. Moreover, thanks to a combination of observations of in vivo cells, protargol preparations, and scanning electron microscopy (used for the first time in Clevelandellidae), we were able to clarify morphological uncertainties of previous works and discuss various morphological peculiarities of Clevelandellidae.
Photo‐oxygenation of histidine residue inhibits α‐synuclein aggregation
Authors: Nakamura Reito , Tomizawa Ikumi , Iwai Atsushi , Ikeda Tetsuo , Hirayama Kota , Chiu Yung Wen , Suzuki Takanobu , Tarutani Airi , Mano Tatsuo , Iwata Atsushi , Toda Tatsushi , Sohma Youhei , Kanai Motomu , Hori Yukiko , Tomita Taisuke 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAggregation of α‐synuclein (α‐syn) into amyloid is the pathological hallmark of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy. It is widely accepted that α‐syn aggregation is associated with neurodegeneration, although the mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Therefore, the inhibition of α‐syn aggregation is a potential therapeutic approach against these diseases. This study used the photocatalyst for α‐syn photo‐oxygenation, which selectively adds oxygen atoms to fibrils. Our findings demonstrate that photo‐oxygenation using this photocatalyst successfully inhibits α‐syn aggregation, particularly by reducing its seeding ability. Notably, we also discovered that photo‐oxygenation of the histidine at the 50th residue in α‐syn aggregates is responsible for the inhibitory effect. These findings indicate that photo‐oxygenation of the histidine residue in α‐syn is a potential therapeutic strategy for synucleinopathies.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver degree and long-term risk of incident inflammatory bowel disease: A large-scale prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Qian , Liu Si , Wu Jing , Zhu Shengtao , Wu Yongdong , Wu Shanshan , Zhang Shutian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have shown similar worsening epidemic patterns globally and shared various overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms. However, evidence on the relationship between NAFLD and IBD risk is lacking. We aimed to investigate the associations between long-term risk of incident IBD and NAFLD in a large prospective cohort.

Methods:
Participants from the United Kingdom Biobank cohort (https://biobank.ndph.ox.ac.uk/) who were free of IBD and alcoholic liver disease at baseline were enrolled. Baseline non-alcoholic fatty liver degree was measured by the well-established fatty liver index (FLI). The outcomes of interest included incident IBD, ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn's disease (CD). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:
Among 418,721 participants (mean FLI: 48.11 ± 30.11), 160,807 (38.40%) participants were diagnosed as NAFLD at baseline. During a median of 12.4 years' follow-up, 2346 incident IBD cases (1545 UC, 653 CD, and 148 IBD-unclassified) were identified. Due to limited events, those IBD-unclassified were combined in UC or CD when examining the associated risk of UC or CD, separately. Compared with the lowest quartile of FLI, the highest quartile showed a separately 36.00%, 25.00%, and 58.00% higher risk of incident IBD (HRQ4

vs.

Q1 = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.19–1.55, P
trend<0.001), UC (HRQ4

vs.

Q1 = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.07–1.46, P
trend = 0.047), and CD (HRQ4

vs.

Q1 = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.26–1.97, P
trend <0.001) after multivariable adjustment. Compared with non-NAFLD, NAFLD participants had a significantly higher risk of incident IBD (HR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.04–1.24) and CD (HR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.17–1.58).

Conclusions:
Higher degree of non-alcoholic fatty liver is associated with increased risk of incident IBD. Interventions aimed at improving NAFLD may be a potential targeted strategy for the detection and treatment of IBD.