bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women at the centre: medical entrepreneurialism and ‘la grande médecine’ in eighteenth-century Lyon
Authors: McClive Cathy , Smith Lisa W 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We draw on Colin Jones’ framing of the Sisters of Charity as medical practitioners rather than charitable carers (1989) to centre the entrepreneurialism of Marie Grand and Marie Fiansons’ medical practice in eighteenth-century Lyon. Although historians recognize the significance of early modern European women’s (medical) work, they often assume such work existed in the shadows of the medical marketplace. Archival erasures and gendered narratives obscure the flexibility of women’s medical practices. Grand and Fiansons’ documents, analysed alongside adverts for local medical services, elucidate working women’s medical practices. As silk-workers and self-defined ‘chymists’ and herbalists, Grand and Fiansons were at the centre of healthcare and medicine. The breadth of their practice and networks emerges through the exceptional survival of their ‘counter-archive’ in the consular court archives. Their story reveals the fluidity and porousness of boundaries between domestic and occupational medicine, precarity and commodified care work, and charity and entrepreneurialism.
The Punisher's Dilemma: Domestic Opposition and Foreign Policy Crises
Authors: Humayun Fahd 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExisting work on the democratic accountability of foreign policy suggests that when an incumbent incurs foreign policy losses, including but not limited to standing down in a crisis, making costly compromises, or accepting defeat abroad, opposition politicians at home weigh criticizing the government with the national interest. But this work has largely been developed with a view to explaining oppositional behavior in consolidated democracies. I argue that while electorally competitive oppositions in weakly institutionalized regimes can and frequently do criticize elected incumbents for costly foreign policy reversals, they are less likely to do so if they believe this criticism may negatively affect democratic stability and potentially invite irregular leadership turnover, as this would prevent the opposition from coming into office. I find support for this hypothesis, which I term oppositional pragmatism, in a survey experiment on 430 political party workers affiliated with Pakistan's biggest political party and directionally consistent effects on a smaller but highly elite sample of 202 Pakistani legislators.
Genetic variability of New Caledonian Boeckella De Guerne & Richard, 1889 (Copepoda: Calanoida), with the description of a new species
Authors: Royaux Coline , Charpin Nicolas , Rabet Nicolas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Thirteen new freshwater populations of the copepod genus BoeckellaDe Guerne & Richard, 1889 were found during three expeditions to New Caledonia (‘La Planète Revisitée,’ 2016-2018). The 12 populations from the Plaine des Lacs, which show remarkable genetic diversity among themselves, were identified as B. spinogibbaDefaye, 1998, the only species of its genus known from New Caledonia until now. The sole exception, the population from Mont-Dore 22 km further east, appeared genetically and morphologically distinct from the others and is described herein as a new species. The two species are distinguished from each other by the shapes of the male and female P5, female Th5, and body colour. A previously published key is amended to separate the species. Our concatenated COI+28S phylogeny places the two New Caledonia species as a new branch within Boeckella, distinct from the branches consisting of South American, Antarctic and Australasian species. All 13 Boeckella populations inhabit the extreme south of New Caledonia, an area known for endemism and high heavy metal concentrations in the soil. Extensive mining activity in this metal-rich area, begun in 1873, is now leading to conflict with conservation goals. By using aerial photographs to trace the fate of the pond that is the type locality of B. spinogibba, we confirmed that it disappeared between 2007 and 2014 as a result of the expansion of the Goro nickel mine.
Experimental Evidence from a Conditional Cash Transfer Program: Schooling, Learning, Fertility, and Labor Market Outcomes after 10 Years
Authors: Barham Tania , Macours Karen , Maluccio John A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs are the antipoverty program of choice in many developing countries, aiming to improve human capital and break the intergenerational transmission of poverty. A decade after a randomized 3 year CCT program began, earlier exposure during primary school ages when children were at risk of dropout led to higher labor market participation for young men and women and higher earnings for men. The findings highlight the roles of the different CCT program components with variation in timing of access to nutrition, health, and education investments translating into substantial differential effects on learning outcomes for men and reproductive health outcomes for women.
Rbfox1 controls alternative splicing of focal adhesion genes in cardiac muscle cells
Authors: Zorn Peter , Calvo Sánchez Jaime , Alakhras Tala , Schreier Barbara , Gekle Michael , Hüttelmaier Stefan , Köhn Marcel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Alternative splicing is one of the major cellular processes that determine the tissue-specific expression of protein variants. However, it remains challenging to identify physiologically relevant and tissue-selective proteins that are generated by alternative splicing. Hence, we investigated the target spectrum of the splicing factor Rbfox1 in the cardiac muscle context in more detail. By using a combination of in silico target prediction and in-cell validation, we identified several focal adhesion proteins as alternative splicing targets of Rbfox1. We focused on the alternative splicing patterns of vinculin (metavinculin isoform) and paxillin (extended paxillin isoform) and identified both as potential Rbfox1 targets. Minigene analyses suggested that both isoforms are promoted by Rbfox1 due to binding in the introns. Focal adhesions play an important role in the cardiac muscle context, since they mainly influence cell shape, cytoskeletal organization, and cell–matrix association. Our data confirmed that depletion of Rbfox1 changed cardiomyoblast morphology, cytoskeletal organization, and multinuclearity after differentiation, which might be due to changes in alternative splicing of focal adhesion proteins. Hence, our results indicate that Rbfox1 promotes alternative splicing of focal adhesion genes in cardiac muscle cells, which might contribute to heart disease progression, where downregulation of Rbfox1 is frequently observed.
A small molecule that inhibits the evolution of antibiotic resistance
Authors: Carvajal-Garcia Juan , Bracey Harrison , Johnson Anna E , Hernandez Viera Angel J , Egli Martin , Simsek Esra N , Jaremba Emily A , Kim Kwangho , Merrikh Houra 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Antibiotic resistance rapidly develops against almost all available therapeutics. Therefore, searching for new antibiotics to overcome the problem of antibiotic resistance alone is insufficient. Given that antibiotic resistance can be driven by mutagenesis, an avenue for preventing it is the inhibition of mutagenic processes. We previously showed that the DNA translocase Mfd is mutagenic and accelerates antibiotic resistance development. Here, we present our discovery of a small molecule that inhibits Mfd-dependent mutagenesis, ARM-1 (anti-resistance molecule 1). We found ARM-1 using a high-throughput, small molecule, in vivo screen. Using biochemical assays, we characterized the mechanism by which ARM-1 inhibits Mfd. Critically, we found that ARM-1 reduces mutagenesis and significantly delays antibiotic resistance development across highly divergent bacterial pathogens. These results demonstrate that the mutagenic proteins accelerating evolution can be directly inhibited. Furthermore, our findings suggest that Mfd inhibition, alongside antibiotics, is a potentially effective approach for prevention of antibiotic resistance development during treatment of infections.
Generative AI in glioma: Ensuring diversity in training image phenotypes to improve diagnostic performance for IDH mutation prediction
Authors: Moon Hye Hyeon , Jeong Jiheon , Park Ji Eun , Kim Namkug , Choi Changyong , Kim Young‑Hoon , Song Sang Woo , Hong Chang-Ki , Kim Jeong Hoon , Kim Ho Sung 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
This study evaluated whether generative artificial intelligence (AI)-based augmentation (GAA) can provide diverse and realistic imaging phenotypes and improve deep learning-based classification of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) type in glioma compared with neuroradiologists.

Methods
For model development, 565 patients (346 IDH-wildtype, 219 IDH-mutant) with paired contrast-enhanced T1 and FLAIR MRI scans were collected from tertiary hospitals and The Cancer Imaging Archive. Performance was tested on internal (119, 78 IDH-wildtype, 41 IDH-mutant [IDH1 and 2]) and external test sets (108, 72 IDH-wildtype, 36 IDH-mutant). GAA was developed using a score-based diffusion model and ResNet50 classifier. The optimal GAA was selected in comparison with the null model. Two neuroradiologists (R1, R2) assessed realism, diversity of imaging phenotypes, and predicted IDH mutation. The performance of a classifier trained with optimal GAA was compared with that of neuroradiologists using the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC). The effect of tumor size and contrast enhancement on GAA performance was tested.

Results
Generated images demonstrated realism (Turing’s test: 47.5–50.5%) and diversity indicating IDH type. Optimal GAA was achieved with augmentation with 110 000 generated slices (AUC: 0.938). The classifier trained with optimal GAA demonstrated significantly higher AUC values than neuroradiologists in both the internal (R1, P = .003; R2, P &lt; .001) and external test sets (R1, P &lt; .01; R2, P &lt; .001). GAA with large-sized tumors or predominant enhancement showed comparable performance to optimal GAA (internal test: AUC 0.956 and 0.922; external test: 0.810 and 0.749).

Conclusions
The application of generative AI with realistic and diverse images provided better diagnostic performance than neuroradiologists for predicting IDH type in glioma.
Clinical Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Outcomes of Patients With Locally Advanced/Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated at the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Alkadimi Munaf A , Aldawoodi Tamarah A , Lucero Kana T , Fierro Maria E , Boyle Lauren D , Mader Michael J , Franklin Kathleen R , Arora Sukeshi P , Nooruddin Zohra 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving atezolizumab with bevacizumab (A + B) therapy at the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).

Patients and Methods
Patients with advanced HCC who received first-line systemic therapy with A + B at the VHA between December 1, 2019, and March 1, 2022, were selected from electronic medical records (EMR) using ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes. Abstractors reviewed the EMR of the patients from their index date of A + B initiation until death or their last VHA visit, with the study period ending on January 31, 2023. The chi-square test was used to compare rates, and the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare medians.

Results
A total of 332 patients met the study criteria. The median age was 67 years; 99% were male, 63% were non-Hispanic Whites, 26% were Black, and 66% had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of ≥1. 84% had child Pugh score (CPS) class A, 16% had CPS classes B and C, 62% had a grade 2 albumin-bilirubin score, 56% had HCC caused by viral hepatitis, 80% had cirrhosis, and 67% had received prior local therapies. The 6-month progression-free survival (PFS) was 59%, while the 1-year PFS rate was 36%. Overall survival (OS) at 1-year was 52% in our study.

Conclusion
In real world, despite having similar PFS as the phase III IMbrave 150 trial, our OS at 12 months was lower (52% vs. 67%) because our study included a higher proportion of elderly patients with moderate liver dysfunction and a 40% non-White. This study provided real-world outcomes that differed from the study population in a pivotal trial.
Body-worn cameras and court proceedings: A qualitative study of police officers’ expectations
Authors: Poirier Brigitte , Charbonneau Étienne , Boivin Rémi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Body-worn cameras (BWCs) record interactions between members of the public and law enforcement, with expected legal benefits. This study examines police officers’ perceptions of BWC usage in court through individual interviews and focus groups with 78 officers. Most of the participants were involved in a 6-month BWC pilot program, which was only the third BWC implementation in the Canadian province of Quebec. Police officers are largely optimistic about the use of BWCs in court and expect their footage to serve as visual evidence, to replace portions of written reports, and corroborate their testimony. However, they worry that BWC footage could be used by defense lawyers to challenge report discrepancies, leading to substantial impacts on legal proceedings. The BWC pilot program did not exacerbate their apprehensions about the technology’s potential limitations. The central role of police officers in the use of BWC footage as evidence is highlighted.
Integrative Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: Improving Outcomes Through Evidence-based Practice of Yoga-derived Breathwork and Meditation
Authors: Krishnan Ameya 
Published: January 2024

Background
Among 20.4 million US adults diagnosed with substance use disorders (SUDs), up to 60% return to use despite treatment or attempted abstinence. Standard care for SUDs is pharmacotherapy and/or behavioral interventions in either an inpatient or outpatient setting. Both national and international epidemiological data suggest this approach to treatment is insufficient and use of an integrative protocol can better promote recovery.

Objective
To determine the efficacy of integrating yoga-derived breathwork and meditation into substance use treatment with emphasis on a specific practice, Sudarshan Kriya yoga (SKY).

Methods
Literature review conducted in PubMed, OVID, and SCOPUS. The initial search term was “Sudarshan Kriya” alone. Subsequent searches combined the search term “Sudarshan Kriya” with a series of substance use–related terms using AND to link the terms.

Results
SKY practice impacts quality of life, well-being, functioning, and substance use behavior. In patients with alcohol use disorder, SKY contributes to significant reduction in depressive symptoms, stress biomarkers, and alcohol use up to 6 months after treatment completion. SKY practitioners engaging in opioid partial agonist therapy may experience buprenorphine potentiation such that concurrent nonprescribed opioid use is eliminated. SKY practitioners can achieve tobacco cessation at a rate comparable to bupropion pharmacotherapy.

Conclusion
SKY has established efficacy in the treatment of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Currently available evidence also supports integration of SKY into the management of SUDs, and expanded SKY research can ensure optimal use of this promising intervention within this clinical subspecialty.
Comparison of Four Nutritional Screening Tools for Predicting Postoperative Adverse Events Following Degenerative Spinal Deformity Surgery
Authors: Wang Shuai-Kang , Li Jun , Wang Peng , Li Xiang-Yu , Kong Chao , Ma Jin , Lu Shi-Bao 
Published: January 2024

Study Design.
A retrospective study.

Objective.
To compare the mini nutritional assessment-short form (MNA-SF), geriatric nutritional risk index, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and preoperative serum albumin level as predictors of postoperative adverse events (AEs) in degenerative spine deformity (DSD) patients.

Summary of Background Data.
Although various nutritional screening tools have been well evaluated in patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery, the most suitable tool for the DSD population remains uncertain at present.

Patients and Methods.
The authors reviewed consecutive patients who underwent thoracolumbar fusion surgery for DSD between August 2016 and May 2023. Four screening tools were used to assess preoperative nutritional status. Patients were divided into two categories according to each screening tool, and the four screening tools were compared regarding their predictive power for postoperative AEs, including the rates of extended length of hospital stays (LOS), complications, and readmission within three months. Physical functional indicators such as time to first ambulation, nonhome discharge, and postoperative LOS were assessed as secondary outcome measures. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with postoperative AEs.

Results.
A total of 228 patients were included. The demographic characteristics, underlying disease, and magnitude of correction were not significantly different between well-nourished and malnourished groups. The nutritional risks shown by MNA-SF and albumin level were significantly associated with infectious complications (P<0.05). The nutritional risk shown by MNA-SF was significantly associated with nonhome discharge, prolonged postoperative LOS (12.5±8.2 vs. 10.3±6.1, P=0.039), and delayed ambulation (3.7±2.1 vs. 2.2±1.8, P=0.001). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that PNI <50 was significantly associated with total AEs and minor AEs after DSD surgery.

Conclusions.
PNI was significantly associated with the incidence of total AEs and minor AEs, while preoperative albumin level and MNA-SF were more effective in predicting postoperative infectious complications and delayed recovery of physical function, respectively.

Level of Evidence.
Level III.
High adherence to enhanced recovery pathway independently reduces major morbidity and mortality rates after colorectal surgery: a reappraisal of the iCral2 and iCral3 multicenter prospective studies
Authors: Catarci Marco , Ruffo Giacomo , Viola Massimo Giuseppe , Pirozzi Felice , Delrio Paolo , Borghi Felice , Garulli Gianluca , Marini Pierluigi , Baldazzi Gianandrea , Scatizzi Marco ,   on behalf of the Italian ColoRectal Anastomotic Leakage (iCral) study group
Published: January 2024

Background:
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) offers lower overall morbidity rates and shorter hospital stay after colorectal surgery (CRS); high adherence rates to ERAS may significantly reduce major morbidity (MM), anastomotic leakage (AL), and mortality (M) rates as well.

Methods:
Prospective enrollment of patients submitted to elective CRS with anastomosis in two separate 18- and 12-month periods among 78 surgical centers in Italy from 2019 to 2021. Adherence to ERAS pathway items was measured upon explicit criteria in every case. After univariate analysis, independent predictors of primary endpoints (MM, AL, and M rates) were identified through logistic regression analyses, presenting odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals.

Results:
An institutional ERAS status was declared by 48 out of 78 (61.5%) participating centers. The median overall adherence to ERAS was 75%. Among 8,359 patients included in both studies, MM, AL, and M rates were 6.3%, 4.4%, and 1.0%, respectively. Several patient-related and treatment-related variables showed independently higher rates for primary endpoints: male gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists class III, neoadjuvant treatment, perioperative steroids, intra- and/or postoperative blood transfusions, length of the operation >180’, surgery for malignancy. On the other hand, ERAS adherence >85% independently reduced MM (OR, 0.91) and M (OR, 0.25) rates, whereas no mechanical bowel preparation independently reduced AL (OR, 0.68) rates.

Conclusions:
Among other patient- or treatment-related variables, ERAS adherence >85% independently reduced MM and M rates, whereas no mechanical bowel preparation independently reduced AL rates after CRS.
The added value of radiomics in determining patient responsiveness to laryngeal preservation strategies
Authors: Ravanelli Marco , Rondi Paolo , Di Meo Nunzia , Farina Davide 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of review
Laryngeal cancer (LC) is a highly aggressive malignancy of the head and neck and represents about 1–2% of cancer worldwide.
Treatment strategies for LC aim both to complete cancer removal and to preserve laryngeal function or maximize larynx retention.
Predicting with high precision response to induction chemotherapy (IC) is one of the main fields of research when considering LC, since this could guide treatment strategies in locally advanced LC.

Recent findings
Radiomics is a noninvasive method to extract quantitative data from the whole tumor using medical imaging. This signature could represent the underlying tumor heterogeneity and phenotype.
During the last five years, some studies have highlighted the potential of radiomics in the pretreatment assessment of LC, in the prediction of response to IC, and in the early assessment of response to radiation therapy. Although these represent promising results, larger multicentric studies are demanded to validate the value of radiomics in this field.

Summary
The role of radiomics in laryngeal preservation strategies is still to be defined. There are some early promising studies, but the lack of validation and larger multicentric studies limit the value of the papers published in the literature and its application in clinical practice.
Distribution and status of vitamin B12 in Chinese adults with hypertension: a comprehensive report across 14 provinces
Authors: Cao Tianyu , Huang Xiao , Chen Ping , Huang Zena , Cheng Zaihua , Lu Wenyang , Spence J. David , Shi Hanping , Cheng Xiaoshu , Liu Lishun 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Vitamin B12 (VB12) is an essential biomarker for population health, and its deficiency status leads to severe health burdens. A comprehensive and updated investigation on the distribution of VB12 levels and status is critically needed to address public health and clinical concerns.

Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data obtained from the Precision Medical Program, which encompassed 14 provinces in China. Specific criteria based on previously published cutoffs and our study population’s characteristics are adopted to define B12 deficiency. Biochemical B12 deficiency was identified with circulating VB12 levels <148 pmol/L. Metabolic B12 deficiency was determined with circulating VB12 levels ≥148 and ≤258 pmol/L with concomitant elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy ≥14 µmol/L). Normal B12 status included VB12 levels >258 pmol/L or VB12 levels ranging from 148 to 258 pmol/L with tHcy levels below 14 µmol/L. VB12 levels and status were analyzed and stratified by age, sex, and geographical region.

Results:
This study enrolled a total of 2174 hypertensive adults, with a mean age of 63.0 years (±13.4) and 45.8% female. The overall mean VB12 levels were 322.3 (85.0) pmol/L. The prevalence rates of B12 biochemical deficiency, metabolic deficiency, metabolic deficiency with excluded renal dysfunction, and adequate status were 0.7%, 13.3%, 11.5%, and 85.9%, respectively. Females exhibited higher VB12 levels than males, with a β value of 19.72 (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.59–28.84) in the multivariate model. The southern population demonstrated higher VB12 levels than people from the north, with a β value of −18.14 (95% CI, −25.72 to −10.76). Males had a higher prevalence of metabolic VB12 deficiency in comparison to females (15.8% vs. 10.4%).

Conclusions:
Our study revealed that Chinese hypertensive adults exhibit relatively higher levels of VB12. Additionally, while biochemical B12 deficiency is uncommon, a noteworthy proportion of individuals were affected by metabolic VB12 deficiency. This study has important implications for nutritional counseling and vitamin B supplement strategies.