bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Justice in Domestic Courts: Lessons Learned from German Courts and Warning Signs
Authors: Streiff Fritz 
Published: November 2023

Le moment est bien choisi pour réfléchir à notre situation en matière de compétence universelle. La plus haute juridiction du système judiciaire français, la Cour de cassation, a décidé le 12 mai 2023 que les affaires d’atrocités internationales pouvaient continuer à être jugées par les tribunaux français sur la base du principe de la compétence universelle. Cette question s’est posée après que la Cour a décidé, en novembre 2021, qu’un suspect syrien ne pouvait être jugé pour « complicité de crimes contre l’humanité » au motif que la loi syrienne ne prévoit pas cette incrimination exacte. Cette décision a été un désastre pour les acteurs du dossier syrien et, plus généralement, pour tous ceux qui sont engagés dans la lutte contre l’impunité. La Cour de cassation vient de clarifier cette interprétation et de revenir sur sa décision, au grand soulagement des acteurs de la société civile impliqués dans le dossier, au premier rang desquels les collègues syriens.
De l’Ukraine au Moyen-Orient : Un sursaut de la justice pénale internationale ?
Authors: Baudouin Patrick 
Published: November 2023

Patrick Baudouin propose une synthèse des principaux points discutés par les intervenants du colloque organisé par l’iReMMO au Sénat en février 2023, en rappelant les différentes formes de justice pénale internationale comme la CPI, les tribunaux ad hoc et les procédures relevant de la compétence universelle. Il insiste tout particulièrement sur les contradictions de la France qui se refuse à faire sauter les « verrous » de la loi du 9 août 2010 qui limitent considérablement les possibilités, pour les tribunaux français, de poursuivre les auteurs de crimes de guerre, de crimes contre l’humanité et de génocide. Il termine en affirmant sa détermination à se battre pour que la prise en compte immédiate de la justice dans la guerre en Ukraine le soit également dans d’autres conflits « partout où prévaut l’impunité, et ce sans aucune sélectivité ».
Les angles morts de la politique de l’eau au Maroc
Authors: Molle François , Mayaux Pierre-Louis 
Published: November 2023

Le Maroc est souvent érigé en exemple international pour sa gestion des ressources en eau. Après une période d’investissement dans les barrages et les périmètres irrigués publics, c’est l’intensification de l’agriculture et le recours aux eaux souterraines qui ont pris les devants. Mais le pays reste soumis à des pénuries d’eau inquiétantes, qui ont pris une tournure particulièrement sévère ces dernières années. Cet article se penche sur quatre composantes fondamentales de la politique de l’eau marocaine – l’augmentation de l’offre par le stockage ; le développement de l’irrigation ; sa modernisation ; la surexploitation des eaux souterraines – et en montre les angles morts. Il questionne l’encouragement à intensifier toujours plus l’agriculture irriguée dans un contexte climatique défavorable et incertain, ainsi que la durabilité des alliances sociales cristallisées autour de ce modèle.
Les associations de jeunesse, vectrices de diffusion des idées turquistes entre la Turquie et l’Azerbaïdjan
Authors: Stern Aurélie 
Published: November 2023

Avec l’effondrement de l’Union soviétique, les habitants de la République de Turquie ont pu renouer contact avec ceux des autres républiques turciques que sont l’Azerbaïdjan, le Kazakhstan, l’Ouzbékistan, le Turkménistan, et le Kirghizstan. Le monde découvrit l’expression de « monde turc », allant « de l’Adriatique jusqu’à la grande muraille de Chine » selon la formule de l’ancien président turc Süleyman Demirel. Ce fut une période d’effervescence pour les nationalistes (pan) turquistes ayant pour projet politique de fonder une union turcique sur la base d’éléments culturels, éducatifs, et économiques. Mais l’État n’est pas l’unique promoteur d’une meilleure inclusion du monde turc, il existe aussi une frange de l’extrême droite qui considère la turcité au sens large comme le pilier central de son idéologie politique. L’une de ses modalités d’organisation sont les associations de jeunesse turquistes, structures qui regroupent de jeunes nationalistes qui ont grandi avec internet.
Claude Lefort face aux problèmes théoriques du totalitarisme
Authors: Cadou Kevin 
Published: November 2023

Le concept de totalitarisme est marginalisé dans la théorie politique contemporaine. L’article entend montrer que si cette marginalisation tenait en premier lieu à de réels défauts conceptuels, les apports des travaux de Claude Lefort rendent possible un salutaire réaménagement conceptuel. Les propriétés du « fantasme de l’Un », repéré par Claude Lefort, qui se situe à la base de l’ambition totalitaire permettent de surmonter les principales critiques contre le concept de totalitarisme. Claude Lefort articule des hypothèses originales pour éclairer le fonctionnement des régimes totalitaires en articulant les grandes problématiques du totalitarisme : l’idéologie, l’organisation et la terreur.
Fragilité et fécondité des démocraties
Authors: Lefort Claude 
Published: November 2023

Dans sa conférence Marc Bloch, Claude Lefort pense la société démocratique dans sa fragilité et sa fécondité, à l’aune de l’histoire occidentale et de l’actualité des années 2000. La fécondité démocratique est constituée par l’acceptation de la division sociale et la création d’un espace public : Claude Lefort reprend ici des thèmes qui lui sont chers à travers une réflexion sur le processus historique d’urbanisation. La fragilité démocratique, quant à elle, est pensée dans le contexte de la crise des banlieues en France : à ce niveau, c’est la corruption des mœurs démocratiques et les inégalités sociales qui indiquent une lésion du tissu social.
La constitution matérielle de la démocratie
Authors: Delruelle Édouard 
Published: November 2023

En partant de la définition de la démocratie de Claude Lefort comme « institutionnalisation du conflit », l’article se propose de montrer la fécondité d’une approche du politique et du droit en termes de « constitution matérielle », un concept qui fait aujourd’hui l’objet d’un réinvestissement remarquable en théorie du droit. Contre le constitutionnalisme libéral et le normativisme kelsénien, il s’agit de montrer que la forme d’une constitution (monarchie, aristocratie ou démocratie) est indissociable de la matérialité des conflits qui la traversent, c’est-à-dire du jeu toujours ouvert entre les trois pôles de pouvoir que sont le pouvoir politique, le pouvoir propriétaire et le pouvoir social (chez Machiavel : le prince, les grands et le peuple). On montrera ainsi que toute constitution est une constitution « mixte » qui distribue le pouvoir de manière variable entre chacun de ces trois pôles, qui réalise l’équilibre (toujours instable) des corps sociaux et politiques, entre « pouvoir de fait » et « pouvoir légitime ». Comme chez Claude Lefort, le but est de repenser la démocratie en opérant un déplacement par rapport aux doctrines de la souveraineté populaire (inspirées de Rousseau), d’un côté, et aux théories libérales de l’État de droit (héritières de Locke), d’un autre côté.
What Link between Legitimacy and Response to Incentives on a Crowdwork Platform? The Foule Factory Case
Authors: Elambert Julie 
Published: November 2023

Partant d’une approche néo-institutionnaliste, les plateformes de crowdworking peuvent être qualifiées de méso-institutions (Ménard [2014, 2018]), agissant comme des régulatrices sur leur propre marché du travail. La légitimité d’une méso-institution ayant une influence sur l’efficacité de sa gouvernance et de son système d’incitations (Ménard [2016]), la légitimité des plateformes de crowdworking apparaît essentielle pour garantir l’effort des travailleurs. Ce papier questionne ainsi le lien entre la légitimité de la plateforme perçue par les micro-travailleurs et leur réponse aux incitations mises en place. A partir d’une analyse en correspondance multiple sur un questionnaire réalisé auprès des travailleurs d’une plateforme de micro-travail française, nous construisons deux indices composites pour la légitimité et la force des incitations pour tester une possible corrélation. Nos résultats montrent qu’une légitimité positive est significativement liée à une réponse forte aux incitations, mais que cette relation devient plus ténue au fur et à mesure que la légitimité perçue et la réponse aux incitations diminuent. Les plateformes de crowdworking ne doivent donc pas négliger la perception de leur légitimité si elles veulent s’assurer du niveau d’effort des travailleurs et survivre face aux autres plateformes. JEL classification : M13, O3, D02, C38
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Telemedicine in Postoperative Follow-Up Care After Dental Implant Surgery. A Pilot Study
Authors: Patel Praveen Kumar , Shukla Anuj Kishor , Sachan Varun , Sharma Paawan , Singh Sonal , Saxena Swapnil , Makkad Ramanpal S. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
Telemedicine has emerged as a potential solution to enhance postoperative follow-up care after dental implant surgery, offering the convenience of remote monitoring and reduced need for in-person visits.

Materials and Methods:
Participants were randomly assigned to either the telemedicine group (n = 15) or the in-person group (n = 15). In the telemedicine group, patients received remote follow-up care through virtual consultations, during which they could communicate their concerns and share images of the surgical site. The in-person group received standard in-person follow-up visits. Patient satisfaction was measured using a standardized survey, with responses collected on a Likert scale.

Results:
Telemedicine group exhibited comparable levels of patient satisfaction (mean satisfaction score ± standard deviation: 4.6 ± 0.3) to the in-person group (4.7 ± 0.2). Moreover, clinical outcomes, including wound healing assessment, were similar between the two groups. No significant differences were observed in the incidence of postoperative complications or the need for additional interventions.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, this pilot study demonstrates that telemedicine is an effective alternative to traditional in-person follow-up care for postoperative dental implant surgery patients. It offers comparable patient satisfaction and clinical outcomes while proving to be more cost-effective.
Relationship of sedentary behaviour and body composition of university student-athletes
Authors: Santos Revin Aaron B. , Mallari Marla Frances T. 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Sedentary behaviour is a major health concern not only for the general population but for athletes as well. Young athletes are considered highly active individuals due to the training required in their sports and would easily meet weekly recommendations for physical activity participation. However, athletes may also have the tendency to be highly sedentary if they spend most hours of their day sitting. This may lead to undesirable changes in body composition, which may negatively affect their health and performance.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between sedentary behaviour and the body composition of university athletes.

Methods:
Data from 82 student-athletes (age = 20.02 ± 1.3 years; 38 males and 44 females) from different sports categories were gathered and analysed. Body composition, specifically body mass index, fat mass and fat-free mass, measured through bioelectric impedance analysis. Sedentary behaviour was quantified using a self-report physical activity questionnaire.

Results:
The analysis revealed no significant relationship between sitting time (hours/day) and body composition measures in both genders. A significant difference in sitting time was found when the groups were classified according to sports category (p = 0.03), where weight category sports (m = 6.99 h, standard deviation [SD] =2.74) indicated more sitting hours compared to non-weight category sports (m = 5.81 h, SD = 1.84). Between genders, there was no difference in reported sitting hours (p = 0.456); however, both groups spend relatively long periods sitting during the waking hours of the day. A moderate negative relationship was found between sports category and sitting time for the females only (r = −0.322, p = 0.028). For this population, females in the weight category had more sitting time than those in the non-weight category.

Conclusion:
These results suggest that among university student-athletes, sedentary behaviour is not associated with changes in body composition. Even so, sedentary behaviour was evident among the participants; hence, the importance of educating athletes about the detrimental effects of sedentary living on health and performance becomes more vital
The Establishment of Latvian National Organizations in Krasnoyarsk, 1915-1916, as a Result of the Refugee Movement
Authors: Khomenko Denis Yu. 
Published: November 2023

The article delves into the impact of the refugee movement during the First World War produced on the self-identity of Latvians living in the Yenisei Province. This research aims to explore the formation and operation of social institutions that encapsulated Latvian self-awareness. These institutions include the Bureau of the Authorized Representative of the Latvian Central Committee for Refugee Assistance in the Yenisei Province, and the Krasnoyarsk Latvian Charitable Society. During this era, the growing national consciousness among the Yenisei Province’s Latvians was evident through an uptick in cultural events, frequently conducted in the Latvian language and organized by Latvians for their community. The author posits that the surge in Latvian self-awareness stemmed from the refugee movements of the First World War. The imperative to support Latvian refugees – offering housing, job opportunities, clothing, financial aid, and more – precipitated the designation of the Authorized Representative and the subsequent establishment of the Bureau under its directory in 1915. This concerted effort to assist the refugees catalyzed the unification of the Latvian intelligentsia, culminating in the foundation of the Latvian national organization, the charitable society, in 1916. The author underscores that the rise of Latvian civic organizations aligns with the broader Siberian trend of creating secular ethnocultural groups alongside the traditional confessional ones. This article caters to both specialists in the ethno-confessional history of pre-revolutionary Siberia and a more general readership.
Constructing the Frontier: Russian-Chinese Trade as a Factor in the Modernization of the Far East at the Turn of the 19th and 20th Centuries
Authors: Hamzin Ildar R. , Ganiev Rustam T. , Kochnev Anton V. 
Published: November 2023

The article delves into the development of the transport and logistical infrastructure on the Far Eastern frontier of the Russian Empire during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Throughout the period under study, challenges that emerged in the trade relations between Russia and China led to the creation of a new freight transport system for Russian-Chinese trading. This system proposed the integration of rail and maritime communication, with a sea port acting as the central logistical hub. This vision materialized with the construction of Russian railways in Manchuria, the leasing of Port Russian Dalian on the Liaodong Peninsula, and the initiation of maritime shipping by the China Eastern Railway Company. The article aims to systematically investigate the foundational concepts and the actualization of each segment of this new infrastructure. The research uncovered that the railways, sea port, and maritime shipping orchestrated by the Russian Empire in the Far East were viewed as cohesive elements of a unified trade and transport corridor. This corridor’s primary goal was to forge an effective linkage with the Pacific region. The data assessed in the study indicates that the Chinese ports and market stood as the foremost objectives for Russia’s geoeconomic pursuits in the Far East. In conclusion, the study underscores the importance of these novel infrastructural developments in the frontier modernization of the Far Eastern boundary shared by Russia and China.
The Emergence of Secondary Professional Education in Kazan Educational District in the course of the Russian Empire Modernization
Authors: Magsumov Timur A. 
Published: November 2023

The conditions of modernization at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries in the Russian Empire gave rise to an “educational revolution,” which, among other outcomes, led to the rapid development of professional education. In an article drawing on data from the Kazan educational district, the author posits that the emergence of secondary professional schools wasn’t driven merely by economic imperatives. Rather, it was molded by the rising educational demands of the populace, policies of social segmentation, and a strengthened collaboration between state and public sectors in the domain of education.
The first professional schools appeared in the provinces of the district in the mid-19th century, aligning with the onset of the peasant reform and the region’s agrarian specialization. The period spanning the late 1870s to the 1880s witnessed the state laying the groundwork for a structured professional education system, a move colored by the prevailing politics of social segmentation. As the 19th century waned and the 20th dawned, mounting requirements for economic expansion – rooted in a more inclusive societal stratum, evolving liberal economic policies, and the recognition of education as pivotal to progress – enhanced social mobility. This progression reached its zenith with the bolstering of state-public partnerships in education and a marked surge in the number of professional schools. Viewing the state as a beacon of progress, a portion of public schools transitioned to state governance. Concurrent with the rise of educational institutions bearing mixed ownership, this highlighted the burgeoning ambitions of the bourgeoisie to shape policy. The educational overhauls, coupled with a broadening educational footprint, redefined the social milieu, accentuating elite hegemony and recalibrating class and cultural inequities. The educational system’s institutional path mirrored the dynamics of social segmentation, progressively bridging the gap between secondary vocational and classic general education.
This article caters to scholars delving into domestic education, as well as the social, cultural history, and the modernization narratives of the waning imperial epoch.
Social and Cultural Development of the Southwestern Peripheries of the Russian State in the 17th Century: New Aspects
Authors: Lazarev Yakov A. , Manin Daniil O. 
Published: November 2023

This work is dedicated to the analysis of the monograph by the renowned regional historian D. A. Lyapin, titled “On the Empire’s Edge: Everyday Life of the Southern Population of Russia in the 17th Century,” published in 2020. The study offers a refreshed perspective on the history of the southwestern districts of the Russian State during the 17th century. This review aims to reinvigorate the exploration of regional social history and draws scholars’ attention to D. A. Lyapin’s work, which encapsulates his extensive research on regional issues. The author’s insights significantly augment prevailing perceptions of Russia’s regional history in the 17th century and advocate for its enhanced prominence within the academic community. D.A. Lyapin’s monograph proves invaluable not only for specialists in the social history of southwestern Russia but also for researchers beginning to delve deeply into the history of this region.
Productivity of oat (Avena sativa L.) as affected by fertilization
Authors: Kalenska S. M. , Федів R. V. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose. To identify varieties of oat (Avena sativa L.) by yield in the northern part of the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine, establish the efficiency of sulfur in the fertilization system and the specifics of the impact of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur application rates on crop productivity.
Methods. Field studies were carried out at the Agronomic Research Station of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv region) in 2021–2023 in typical low-humus chernozem soils according to the scheme of a two-factor experiment: factor A: variety [‘Neptun’ (control), ‘Lehin Nosivskyi’, ‘Svitanok’, ‘Zakat’, ‘Zubr’, ‘Albatros’, and ‘Aivori’]; factor B: fertilization system. According to the scheme of the experiment, the application of NPK) and N8P24K24S9 fertilizers was foreseen. Equalization of the nitrogen dose with the introduction of N8P24K24S9 was carried out by the introduction of ammonium nitrate. Ammonium nitrate was also used for nitrogen fertilization at the microstage BBCH 31–32.
Results. The yield of oat varieties on average over three years yielded from 2.28 t/ha in the control option for the cultivation of the ‘Neptun’ variety to 5.54 t/ha for the cultivation of the ‘Aivori’ variety and the introduction of N120P120K120S45 + N30. A yield increase ranged from 0.32 to 2.83 t/ha, depending on fertilizers. Among the seven studied oat varieties, the most productive was the 'Aivori' variety, the yield of which, depending on the year and the fertilization system, varied from 2.38 t/ha in the control version in 2022 to 5.98 t/ha when applying N120P120K120S45 + N30 in 2023. The yield increase on average for the application of N120P120K120S45 + N30 was 2.73 t/ha compared to the control and 0.66 t/ha with the option where an equivalent rate of macronutrients was applied, but without sulfur. All oat varieties show a positive reaction to sulfur by increasing productivity, but its growth varies against the background of different rates of fertilizer application. Yield increases in varieties ‘Zakat’, ‘Zubr’ have a positive correlation dependence on the use of sulfur against the background of increasing rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application.
Conclusions. Oat varieties are characterized by a specific reaction; however, all respond positively to increasing rates of fertilizers and the introduction of sulfur into the nutrition system, which increases the resistance of oats to lodging and the level of nitrogen use. The combined introduction of sulfur with macroelements provides a significant increase in yield, which is due to more efficient use of nitrogen by plants. Optimizing nitrogen-sulfur nutrition ensures increased efficiency of mineral fertilizers.
DETERMINASI ASSESMENT LITERACY GURU TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN CRITICAL THINKING SISWA KELAS IX SMP DI KOTA SINGARAJA
Authors: Handayani Lisna 
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya pembentukan critical thinking siswa kelas IX SMP di Kota Singaraja setelah diterapkan assesment literacy inventory. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan ex-post facto. Data yang diperoleh dari instrumen tentang assessment literacy guru dicari nilai rata- rata pada masing- masing variabel, simpangan baku dan koefisien determinanya dengan formula statistik, untuk dapat menentukan besarnya determinasi assesment literacy inventory guru terhadap pembentukan critical thinking siswa kelas IX SMP di Kota Singaraja. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan sesuai dengan pemabahasan yang telah dilakukan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa: Pertama, kualitas asesmen literasi guru kelas IX SMP di Kota Singaraja berada pada katagori cukup, dengan rata-rata sebesar 13,63 berada pada rentangan 12,50 ≤ x̅< 17,50. Kedua, Critical Thinking siswa pada penelitian ini ada pada katagori baik dengan rata-rata sebesar 177,67 pada rentangan 153,33 ≤ x̅< 184. Ketiga, Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas determinasi asesmen literasi guru kelas IX SMP di Kota Singaraja terhadap Critical Thinking siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa terdapat determinasi efektif antara literasi asesmen guru terhadap critical thinking siswa