bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and Biological Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Field Isolate Pigeon (Columba livia) from Live Bird Market, East Java in 2019
Authors: Novryantoro Venri , Rantam Fedik Abdul , Suwarno Suwarno , Ernawati Rahaju , Rahmahani Jola 
Published: October 2023

Background: Avian Paramyxovirus (APMV) type-1 is the leading cause of Newcastle Disease (ND) and taxonomically belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae, genus Avulavirus. Due to its high transmission rate, Newcastle Disease (ND) is included in the A list by the OIE. Purpose: To determine the biological characterize the Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) field isolate of pigeons (Columba livia) using Mean Death Time (MDT), Intracerebral Pathogenicity Index (ICPI), and Intravenous Pathogenicity Index (IVPI). Methods: Twenty pigeon organ samples were obtained from bird markets in East Java, and one was used as a positive control (LaSota). Organs were isolated from embryonated chicken eggs, identified by the HA test, and then confirmed by the HI test. Furthermore, positive samples were tested for MDT with a 10-1-10-18 dilution (0.1 ml and observed for eight days. The ICPI test used a fresh NDV suspension (0.05 ml and was observed for eight days. The IVPI test used a dose of 0.1 ml and was observed for ten days. Result: The MDT values of isolates MB1/NDV/19, MB2/NDV/19, MB3/NDV/19, and MG1/NDV/19 were 91.2 hours, 112.8 hours, 110.4 hours, and 124,8 hours. The ICPI values of isolate MB1/NDV/19 was 0.2375, MB2/NDV/19 was 0.375, MB3/NDV/19 was 0.5375, and MG1/NDV/19 was 0.3. The IVPI value of isolate MB1/NDV/19 was 0, MB2/NDV/19 was 0, MB3/NDV/19 was 0, and MG1/NDV/19 was 0. Conclusion: All four field samples were positive for NDV as a lentogenic strain based on the MDT, ICPI, and IVPI tests.
PENGUKURAN LAJU DAN VOLUME INFILTRASI PADA BERBAGAI KELAS PENUTUPAN LAHAN DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI TABUNIO PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Bagaskara Afryanda Eka , Syam'ani Syam'ani , Nisa Khairun 
Published: October 2023

Infiltration is the process by which water penetrates the soil, most often through the surface. The Tabunio Watershed is one of the watersheds that plays an essential role in agriculture, plantations, industry, and the domestic interests of Tanah Laut Regency. Infiltration measurements were carried out on several land covers in the Tabunio watershed. This study aimed to calculate the infiltration rate on several different land covers in the Tabunio Watershed and calculate the infiltration volume in the Tabunio Watershed, South Kalimantan Province. Land cover interpreted visually using Sentinel-2 MSI Imagery. Each class of land cover resulting from visual interpretation was measured by infiltration rate and volume in the field using an infiltrometer. Horton's method is used in calculating the infiltration rate and volume. The highest infiltration rate was found in forest land cover with a value of 18.902 mm/hour, including a bit slower infiltration classification, while the lowest infiltration rate was in paddy fields with a value of 1.853 mm/hour. The highest infiltration volume founded in forest land cover with a value of 8.225 mm3 and the lowest infiltration volume was found in paddy fields with a value of 1.149 mm3Infiltrasi adalah proses dimana air menembus tanah sebagian besar melalui permukaan. Daerah Aliran Sungai Tabunio merupakan salah satu DAS yang berperan sangat penting bagi pertanian, perkebunan, industri dan kepentingan domestik di Kabupaten Tanah Laut. Pengukuran infiltrasi dilakukan pada beberapa tutupan lahan yang terdapat pada DAS Tabunio. Tujuan: penelitian ini yaitu: menghitung laju infiltrasi pada beberapa tutupan lahan yang berbeda pada DAS Tabunio dan menghitung besarnya volume infiltrasi DAS Tabunio Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Penutupan lahan diinterpretasi secara visual menggunakan Citra Sentinel-2 MSI. Setiap kelas penutupan lahan yang dihasilkan dari interpretasi visual selanjutnya dilakukan pengukuran laju dan volume infiltrasi di lapangan menggunakan infiltrometer. Metode Horton digunakan dalam perhitungan laju dan volume infiltrasi. Laju infiltrasi tertinggi terdapat pada tutupan lahan hutan dengan nilai 18,902 mm/jam termasuk kriteria infiltrasi agak lambat sedangkan laju infiltrasi terendah pada tutupan lahan sawah dengan nilai 1,853 mm/jam. Volume infiltrasi tertinggi terdapat pada tutupan lahan hutan dengan nilai 8,225 mm3 dan volume infiltrasi terendah terdapat pada tutupan lahan sawah dengan nilai 1,149 mm3
The Impact of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations on Light Duty Electric Vehicle Adoption and Rebates in California.
Authors: Okoma Makuochukwu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract: This study investigates the effect of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCS) on light-duty Electric Vehicle sales and the Total California rebates. Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCS) are infrastructure facilities that allow for the charging of electric vehicles (EVs). I applied the before and after model with California state county using its community-level attributes and used the difference-in-difference design to identify a strategy for estimating the causal effects of these attributes. These attributes include EVCS installations by time, EV sales by time, rebate applications by time, the number of multi-unit housing units, and the median income levels. The empirical ev-idence of this study shows the estimated relationship between public EV charging installation and EV sales overall by community income level, housing density, and other relevant factors, the result shows that EVCSs is highly correlated with light duty Electric Vehicle adoption. For the investors, policymakers, and other stakeholders, this study provides evidence of a threshold of EVCS on Light Duty Electric Vehicle adoption and rebate in California.
Keywords: Electric Vehicle (EV); Electric Vehicle Charging Stations; California; Rebates; Adoption
Experimental study on a homogeneous charge compression ignition in light-duty diesel engine operated with commercial gasoline-ethanol: in-cylinder pressure
Authors: Guzmán Juan José Milón , Braga Sergio Leal 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A pressure sensor was installed in the combustion chamber of a single-cylinder diesel engine that works in HCCI mode (homogeneous charge compression ignition) using gasoline (75%) and ethanol (25%) as fuel. The experiments evaluate the pressure and the thermal efficiency of the engine for different temperatures of the air/fuel mixture and for different rotations. The results indicate that the temperature of the mixture had the greatest influence on the start of auto-ignition while the lambda factor had it on the advance of ignition and the release of thermal energy. The engine speed has an influence on the operating range in which the engine can work in HCCI mode, always considering minimum values ​​of the cycle-to-cycle variation (COVPmax). The pressure variation from cycle to cycle decreases with the increase in the equivalence ratio until the detonation zone is reached and an increase in COV values ​​is observed. The maximum pressure peaks increase with lambda and with the mixture temperature since any variation in the fuel injection will have a direct effect on the energy release and therefore on the pressure levels. Finally, rising the temperature of the mixture increases as well the pressure at which the HCCI operation starts.
Green Technology for Biogas Production through Anaerobic Digestion: An Effective Biomass Management Strategy
Authors: Dhull Paramjeet , Kumar Sachin , Yadav Nisha , Lohchab Rajesh Kumar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Taking advantage of the growing production of different kinds of biomass into the waste-to-energy concept has been seen as a global trend of emerging applications. The huge generation of biomass by agriculture and industries is an enormous opportunity as a feedstock for anaerobic digestion (AD) to produce biogas. About 181.5 billion tonnes of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) are produced annually worldwide, including underutilized agricultural waste and greenhouse biomass materials. This has been considered as a potential source of bioenergy and sustainable means for escalating environmental issues especially, concerning the effects of fossil fuels. This review focuses on the different types of feedstocks available in the market, especially in India and their biogas production potential. The feedstock selection in the basic and foremost important step for accessing the biogas yield. This also discusses the stages of the AD process in detail responsible for the production of biogas. Further, the limitations associated with the AD process have been focused upon. The parameters and the basic reactor configuration are vital for the biogas yield. Therefore, the design and the configuration of the biogas digester/reactors are discussed in detail for shedding light on their importance in the AD process. The improvements and future prospects of this technology have also been talked about for proper utilization of the feedstocks for biogas production.
One-Third of Global Population at Cancer Risk due to Elevated Volatile Organic Compounds Levels
Authors: Huang Yaoxian , Du Ke , Xiong Ying 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Outdoor air pollution, particularly volatile organic compounds (VOCs), significantly contributes to the global health burden. Previous analyses of VOC exposure have been confined to regional and national scales, limiting global health burden assessments. Our study employed a global chemistry-climate model to simulate VOC distributions from 2000 to 2019 and estimated the associated cancer risks. Our findings revealed a 10.2% increase in global VOC emissions between 2000 and 2019, with significant increases in China, the Rest of Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa, but decreases in the U.S and Europe due to transportation and residential sectors reductions. Approximately 36.4-39.7% of the global population was exposed to unhealthy VOC levels, with an extremely high percentage identified in China (82.8-84.3%) versus considerably lower percentage in Europe (1.7-5.8%). The lifetime cancer burden attributable to carcinogenic VOCs exposure was estimated at 0.60 [95% confidence interval (95CI): 0.40-0.81] to 0.85 [95CI: 0.56-1.14] million individuals globally. Open agricultural burning in less-developed regions escalated the associated respiratory risks and cancer burdens. We noted significant disparities in cancer burdens between high- and low-middle-income countries, stemming from disproportionate population expansions and VOC emissions. This finding highlights the amplified health disparity across different income nations, critical for persistently addressing environmental injustice associated with air pollution exposure.
Finite horizon optimal control and invariant measure for a stochastic partial differential equation SIV epidemic model
Authors: Wang Zong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper mainly focuses on the finite horizon optimal control problems of a susceptible- infected-vaccinated(SIV) epidemic system governed by reaction-diffusion equations and Markov switching. Stochastic dynamic programming is employed to find the optimal vaccination effort and economic return for a stochastic reaction diffusion SIV epidemic model. To achieve this, a key step is to show the existence and uniqueness of invariant measure for the model. Then, we obtained the necessary and sufficient conditions for the near-optimal control. Furthermore, we give an algorithm to approximate the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation. Finally, some numerical simulations are presented to confirm our analytic results.
Cryo-EM and AFM visualize linear polyorganophosphazene: individual chains and single-chain assemblies with proteins
Authors: Andrianov Alexander , Hlushko Raman , Pozharski Edvin , Prabhu Vivek 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Polyorganophosphazenes are biodegradable macromolecules with potent immunoadjuvant activity that self-assemble with protein antigens to provide biological activity. Direct imaging by cryogenic electron microscopy reveals the coil structure of the highly-charged high molecular mass synthetic polyorganophosphazenes within the vitrified state without any additives for contrast enhancement for the first time. Upon mixing with protein antigens under a controlled stoichiometric ratio, multiple proteins bind at the single chain level revealing a structural change reminiscent of compact spherical complexes or stiffened coils depending on the bound protein antigen. The structural outcome depends on the protein charge density that cannot be deduced by methods, such as dynamic light scattering, thus revealing direct morphological insight necessary to understand in vivo biological activity. Complementary atomic force microscopy supports the binding morphology outcomes as well as additional analytical techniques that indicate binding. These observations open opportunities to understand supramolecular assembly of proteins and other biomacromolecules at the single chain level with highly charged polyelectrolytes for vaccines as well as important to developing fields such as polyelectrolyte complex coacervation.
Grazing or Confining — Decoding Beef's Environmental Footprint
Authors: Teixeira Ricardo , Morais Tiago , Santos Manuel dos , Barão Lúcia , Domingos Tiago 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of beef production are extremely variable depending on the livestock production system (LPS) used, with lack of clarity on the influencing factors. Here, we assess those factors using a mass balance model with regional case study data, providing globally relevant insights. We show that the whole-system GHG emissions range for beef production is 15-124 kg CO2e 100 g protein-1 depending on LPS (confined, pasture-based or mixed), breed, age at slaughter, and adequacy and upstream impact of supplemental feed. If steers are adequately supplemented, then LPS that involve at least a stage of grazing for steers have the lowest emissions, regardless of supplemental feed impact. In case of suboptimal supplementation during grazing, confinement is optimal at intermediate to low feed impact. For high feed impact, slaughtering at weaning is optimal. Choosing the best LPS and slaughtering age reduces the range of emissions to 15-35 kg CO2e 100 g protein-1.
Vitrification-cryopreservation of dormant buds of Fritillaria przewalskii Maxim. and evaluation of its histology injuries and genetic fidelity of cryo-derived plants
Authors: he yuming , sun huan , fan hui , He Chunyu , Guo Qingyi , zhang yanhong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Germplasm protection of an endangered plant Fritillaria przewalskii Maxim. is important to preserve genetic diversity, to store material for breeding. In the current study, A vitrifcation method was developed for cryopreserving dormant buds of F. przewalskii. Bulblets collected at July were stored at 4℃ for 3-4 months cold acclimation, 2-5 mm dormant buds dissected from the bulblets were pre-cultured on 0.5M sucrose 1/2 MS medium for 3 days. Then the dormant buds were treated with loading solution for 20 min at room temperature, dehydrated with vitrification solution 2 (PVS2) for 60 min, and finally directly plunged into liquid nitrogen. After rapid warming in water at 38°C, the dormant buds were directly plated on recovery medium without unloading. The recovery rate reached up to 93%. Successfully vitrified dormant buds developed bulblets within 5 weeks without intermediary callus formation. Freezing-thawing steps caused severe damage to the buds axis whereas cells in shoot apical meristem and leaf primordium were still intact and normal. Loading and appropriate PVS2 treatment resulted in hyperosmotic pressure leading to progressively cell plasmolysis which is beneficial to cell alive suffered ultra-low temperature. According to the morphology and the RAPD profiles of regenerated plants, no variation was found. As an superior cryopreserved material, dormant buds can assist in a faster and efficient development of new protocols or even in the creation of easy-to-use procedures.
Intrinsic prospective motives in non-human primate food consumption behaviour
Authors: Inkeller Judit , Knakker Balázs , Kovács Péter , Lendvai Balázs , Hernádi István 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Behaviours that are regulated with future goals and drive states in mind are regarded as cornerstones of human cognition1–4. One key phenomenon through which future-orientation can be studied is the delay of gratification, quantified by the waiting time for which an individual withstands the consumption of an immediate reward to achieve a larger reward available after a certain delay. The delays used in animal delayed gratification paradigms5,6 are rather short to be considered relevant for studying human-like future-orientation. Here, for the first time, we show that rhesus macaques exhibit human-relevant future-orientation downregulating their operant food consumption in anticipation of a nutritionally equivalent but more palatable food with an unprecedentedly long delay of approx. 2.5 hours7,8. This behaviour was not learnt gradually through conditioning but was readily displayed after a single exposure to a two-session “worse-now & better-later” food schedule. Importantly, no food choice was directly imposed by the experiment itself, but the animals intrinsically adjusted their behaviour to their satiation dynamics across the sessions, demonstrating their superior ability to anticipate future drive states. Our results have a strong implication that the cognitive time horizon of primates, when faced with ecologically valid foraging-like experimental situations, extends much further into the future than previously considered. In agreement with past observations from the broader perspective of animal foresight and planning9–11, the present findings open new avenues that up till now have been opaque for translational biomedical research.
Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Diagnosis of Diabetes
Authors: G Yethiraj N , Professor D.V. Ashoka , S Kumaraswamy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Diabetes has become increasingly prevalent in people of all age groups, posing a significant health challenge. The rising number of individuals affected by diabetes can be attributed to various factors, including bacterial or viral infections, consumption of food contaminated with toxic substances, autoimmune reactions, obesity, poor dietary choices, changes in lifestyle, and environmental pollution. Consequently, early and accurate diagnosis of diabetes is crucial to safeguard lives. Data analytics plays a pivotal role in uncovering hidden patterns within vast datasets, enabling informed conclusions. Within the healthcare sector, machine learning algorithms are employed to analyze medical data and construct models that facilitate medical diagnoses. This paper introduces a diabetes prediction system designed to diagnose diabetes accurately and effectively. Moreover, this paper also explores the approaches to improve the accuracy in diabetes prediction using medical data with various machine learning algorithms and methods.
The Important Roles of RTNLBs on the Function Realization of Membranous Organelles in Plant
Authors: Cao Gaohui , Yang Yuejiao , Tao Zui , Tang lulu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Reticulons(RTNs), a class of endoplasmic reticulum binding proteins, are critical for membrane curvature change and formation. In plants, RTNLB proteins are diverse and multifunctional, but research on them is limited. RTNLBs contain a conserved RHD domain, which divide the protein to N-terminal and C-terminal domains. The APH domain, part of C-terminal, may play a key regulatory role in membrane curvature change. RTNLBs are present in various membranous organelles and contribute to the composition, change, and function of membrane structures. While some RTNLBs cannot regulate membrane curvature, most act as bridges between proteins and lipid bilayer membranes to exert a synergistic and regulatory effect. Specifically, we highlight the roles of RTNLBs in organelle membrane shaping, endoplasmic reticulum stress response, and autophagy. Interiestly, RTNLBs play a crucial role in plant intercellular connection formation and may participate in intercellular information transmission. This review systematically summarizes the functions and mechanisms of RTNLBs on various membranes, focuses on the similarities and differences between plant and animal/fungal RTNs, and analyzes their internal relationships and application prospects. It provides insights for future research.
The trends of major issues connecting climate change and the sustainable development goals
Authors: Hsieh Yi-Lin , Yeh Shin-Cheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study aims to explore the research trends and patterns of major issues connecting climate change and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by employing a bibliometric analysis. The study has found that there is an increasing number of research and policies in various countries committed to finding and implementing strategies to solve climate change issues. The countries with the most research in this field are China, India, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia, with Environmental Sciences & Ecology being the most published domain. The study has identified 19 clusters intersecting with climate change and SDGs, with the top five clusters in terms of proportion related to agricultural and food systems, water and soil resources, energy, economy, ecosystem, and sustainable management. This study also presents the trend changes of research topics intersecting climate change and SDGs every 2–3 years. Especially in the recent two years, with the convening of COP26 and COP27 and the advocacy of Net Zero and CBAM (Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism) of the EU, important topics include renewable energy, protection of ecosystem services, life cycle assessment, food security, agriculture in Africa, sustainable management, synergies of various policies, remote sensing technology, and desertification among others. This shows an increasingly diversified range of important topics being discussed in relation to climate change and sustainable development goals.
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticle using endophytic fungus (Simpicillium lanosoniveum) isolated from Sargassum wightii and its biological activity
Authors: M Manjunath Hulikere , Dinesh B , Joshi Chandrashekhar G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Physical and chemical methods of synthesizing metal nanoparticles are expensive, have negative impacts, and are hazardous. Simpicilliumlanosoniveum, an endophytic fungus found in the seaweed Sargassumwightii, was used in an attempt to synthesize silver nanoparticles (brown seaweed). Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy, Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and Dynamic Light Scattering were used to characterize silver nanoparticles. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, Chick chorioallantoic membrane, and cytotoxic experiments were performed on the nanoparticles. The spherical nanoparticles had an average particle size of 20–25 nm, as determined by field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The nanoparticles' size and crystalline composition was also confirmedby X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy.The nanoparticles demonstrated potent antioxidant, antibacterial, antiangiogenic, and cytotoxic activity. Hence, we believe that the green silver nanoparticles might be usefulin managing microbial infections and cancers.