bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The dynamic model of Iran’s electrical energy supply system based on water-food-energy-climate change nexus
Authors: Razaghi Sona , Ahmadvand Ali Mohammad , Samadi-Foroushani Marzieh 
Published: January 2025

PurposeEnsuring energy security and controlling the share of energy in climate change are the two main challenges of the energy sector in the path of a sustainable future. This study has designed the dynamic model of Iran’s electrical energy supply system based on the water-food-energy-climate change nexus in order to identify sustainable policies for the supply of electrical energy resources and adaptation to Iran’s climate change process.Design/methodology/approachFor this purpose, first, the system dynamics model was designed with the participation of policymakers and the supply and demand data of water-food-energy resources and the trend of climate change and economic growth in Iran. After validation, the model is simulated in the 30-year horizon (2020–2050), and according to the results of the Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis, Iran’s electric energy supply policies are based on four strategies, including (1) Electric energy supply based on electric energy supply management from non-renewable sources, (2) Development of electrical energy supply based on management of energy supply from renewable sources, (3) Electrical energy supply based on electrical energy demand management and (4) Electrical energy supply based on adaptation to climate changes. By identifying and applying the policies of each strategy separately, the model was tested and the results were compared.FindingsBased on the implementation of the combination of selected policies in the model, the following policies have been proposed: 16% development of nuclear power plants, 18% reduction in the ratio of production of gas power plants to the total production of non-renewable power plants, and an increase in the production of combined cycle power plants through conversion of gas to combined cycle, energy aggregation and development of heat recovery systems in industrial units by 32%, a decrease of 5% Energy transmission and distribution losses, per capita reduction of energy consumption from 0.926 to the global average of 0.182 (MW) per year, management of water demand in the food sector by increasing irrigation efficiency to about 85%, a 27% increase in the area of land under the irrigation network, and reducing losses Food amounting to the global average of 0.9 m tons per year.Originality/valueThe proposed model is an application of system dynamics in the field of policymaking to ensure the security of electrical energy resources, taking into account the water-food-energy-climate changes nexus. The model is a valuable tool for policymakers in planning the sustainable management of resources in the path of adapting to climate change.
The evaluation of asymmetrically aging effect on silicon rubber insulators flashover voltage
Authors: Seyyedbarzegar Seyyedmeysam 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This study aims to examine the effect of asymmetric aging (120 and 270 degrees) and symmetrical aging on the performance of silicone rubber insulators. The effects of different aged surfaces, pollution levels and humidity on flashover voltage (FV) have been experimentally investigated. Based on the laboratory results, a mathematical model has been presented to estimate the FV of insulators.

Design/methodology/approach
According to insulators constituent materials, polymer insulators are affected by environmental conditions, specifically by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. To investigate the effect of aging and environmental conditions on the insulator, two types of silicone rubber insulators were aged under UV radiation. Environmental conditions have been created by changing humidity in five levels and pollution in three levels. All tests have been performed on two virgins, two full aged and four asymmetric-aged insulators. Also, according to the effect of each parameter on the FV, a mathematical model has been presented for it.

Findings
UV aging causes the destruction of the silicon rubber insulator. The occurrence of flashover is one of the consequences of insulation failure. The enlargement of the aged surface has a nonlinear relationship with the reduction of the FV. By considering the effect of the aged surface, the accuracy of FV modeling can be increased. The results obtained from the mathematical model have shown that the estimation of the FV in different environmental conditions has an error of less than 5%. However, the modeling error is more than 15% if the effect of the aged surface is not considered.

Originality/value
In this work, it is intended to investigate the effect of asymmetric aging on the FV of the insulator. The obtained results have shown that the asymmetric aging surface is an important factor in changing the harmonic components of the leakage current, condition monitoring indicators and FV.
The Effect of Reading and Writing Assistance on Receipt of Disability Support Pension
Authors: Hong Nary 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the impact of receiving reading and writing assistance on Disability Support Pension (DSP) receipt in Australia, focusing on disabling conditions not associated with age‐specific manifestations. Analysis indicates a significant 21%–29% increase in DSP likelihood with reading and writing assistance, consistent across various specifications. Moreover, using an instrumental variable approach that distinguishes individuals by younger disability onset ages, indicative of potentially lower levels of education, yields a stronger reading and writing assistance effect. This suggests that the assistance increases the likelihood of receiving DSP by influencing discrepancies in reading and writing competencies at the juncture of disability onset.
Evaluating the accuracy of impaired skin integrity in critically ill patients: Key characteristics and clinical implications
Authors: de Almeida Alana Gomes Araújo , Pascoal Lívia Maia , Gontijo Paula Vitória Costa , Santos Neto Marcelino , de Oliveira Serra Maria Aparecida Alves , Lima Kassya Fernanda Freire , de Lopes Marcos Venícios Oliveira 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the accuracy of the defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis Impaired skin integrity (00046) in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs).MethodsA cross‐sectional diagnostic accuracy study was conducted with 105 adult patients admitted to an ICU. A latent class model with random effects was used to test the sensitivity and specificity of the defining characteristics investigated. The diagnosis Impaired skin integrity (00046) was the dependent variable, whereas sociodemographic and clinical data were the independent variables.ResultsImpaired skin integrity was present in 3.75% of the sample. The defining characteristic with the best accuracy for the diagnosis was dry skin, with high sensitivity (0.9994) and specificity (0.9106). Other characteristics stood out in terms of sensitivity measures: altered skin color (0.9994) and foreign matter piercing skin (0.9994). In terms of specificity, the following stood out: desquamation (1.000), localized area hot to touch (0.9901), pruritus (0.9897), bleeding (0.9802), and hematoma (0.9208).ConclusionThe defining characteristics that helped infer the diagnosis Impaired skin integrity (00046) with greater certainty were dry skin, altered skin color, foreign matter piercing skin, desquamation, localized area hot to touch, pruritus, bleeding, and hematoma.Implications for nursing practiceIdentifying defining characteristics with high diagnostic accuracy for Impaired skin integrity (00046) enables nurses to expand their clinical perspective on this dysfunction, which can affect the skin of critically ill patients, and to develop individualized care plans.
Low‐cost interventions to increase uptake of cervical cancer screening among emergency department patients: Results of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Adler David , Wood Nancy , Fiscella Kevin , Mustian Karen , Tourtelot Ellen , Merriman Joely , Chamberlin Sydney , Abar Beau 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundCervical cancer (CC) is preventable. CC screening decreases CC mortality. Emergency department (ED) patients are at disproportionately high risk for nonadherence with CC screening recommendations. The ED, therefore, is a target‐rich environment for interventions to promote CC screening.MethodsWe conducted a randomized clinical trial to test and compare the efficacies of (1) basic referral for CC screening and (2) basic referral plus a text messaging intervention, grounded in behavioral change theory, to promote uptake of CC screening among ED patients. Participants aged 21–65, identified as in need of CC screening, were randomized to study arms and followed up at 150 days to assess interval CC screening uptake (primary outcome) and analyze methods‐related moderators of intervention effects. Participants were recruited from a large, urban ED and a small, rural ED within the same health care system. Intervention arms were compared to historical controls.ResultsA total of 4035 patients were surveyed, with 1089 identified as requiring CC screening and subsequently randomized. Upon 150‐day follow‐up, 20% of individuals in the basic referral arm and 23% of individuals in the basic referral plus text messaging arm had obtained screening. Screening uptake in the historical control group was found to be 10% over a 150‐day period. The overall difference between prospective arms was not significant (p = 0.219). However, moderation analysis found that women ≥40 years old demonstrated greater uptake of screening after the higher intensity intervention compared to the lower (p = 0.032). The differences in screening uptake between both interventions, individually and combined, when compared to controls was significant (p ≤ 0.001).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that both of the evaluated low‐intensity ED‐based interventions significantly increase subsequent CC screening uptake compared to historical controls. The higher intensity intervention significantly increased screening uptake compared to the lower intensity intervention among women ≥40 years old.
On epistemic aporias and the coloniality of (my) categories
Authors: Meek Laura A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis piece interrogates aporias of epistemic certainty by thinking through categories of medicine and uchawi (witchcraft) in Tanzania. I open with an account of how I misrecognized the meaning of a newspaper article about “head‐switching operations” posted on a hospital bulletin board. I then offer a close reading of the colonial/anthropological archive and its epistemic disavowal of uchawi nearly a century ago to demonstrate this disavowal's similarities to my own mistake. I learned from this mistake to question the grounds on which I (like my colonial predecessors) separate and purify categories like medicine, religion, and witchcraft. I conclude by discussing how to interrupt that impulse: to recognize and refuse the epistemic conceits of singularity and closure, I propose epistemic humility enabled by “not knowing” and by inhabiting the undecided situation. This resists the colonial, anti‐Black violence of the single story about Africa and opens to the possibility of storying otherwise.
Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the developmental, inter‐ and intraspecific variation in the otoliths of Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758) collected from Bafa Lake in Western Anatolia, Türkiye
Authors: Güçlü Salim Serkan , Koca Habil Uğur , Cilbiz Mehmet , Jawad Laith A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study aimed to identify unique traits, grounded in a thorough description of the sagitta otolith of Anguilla anguilla, to characterize its ontogenetic stages between juvenile and preadult individuals. Twenty‐one characteristics were designated to investigate the ontogenetic (when comparing the otolith characteristics of fishes of different sizes, interspecific variation (comparing the otolith characteristics of the studied species with those of related species), and intraspecific variation (comparing the otolith characteristics of the studied species with those of the same species from different localities, i.e. geographical variation). This investigation concluded that the sagittal otoliths exhibited ontogenetic disparities based on the shapes recorded by different age groups. Otoliths of the young individuals belonging to fish total length groups GI and GII have shown differences in shape from those of the older individuals in the other seven length groups surveyed. An assessment of previously available otolith descriptions of A. anguilla collected from other areas revealed differences between species across larger geographic areas, making some features unsuitable for further investigation. However, other otolith traits were found to be reliable across different length groups and could be considered species‐specific features for identification. These traits include otolith width, otolith thickness, the shape of the mesial and lateral surfaces, the shape of the sulcus acusticus, the presence or absence of ostio‐caudal differentiation, and the shape, size, and thickness of the rostrum.
Context as politicised psycho‐geographies: The psychological relationship between individual, politics, and country
Authors: Reddy Geetha , Gleibs Ilka H. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper sheds light on how spaces become contested sites for identity construction and negotiation to take place. Applying the Social Representations Approach, a qualitative study of 10 focus group discussions (n = 39), was conducted in Singapore, Malaysia and the UK to explore how, and why racialised identity construction changed in each socio‐political context. The study challenged two underlying assumptions in social psychology: (1) that the meaning of the racialised category holds constant across time and space, and (2) there exists a pan‐racial identification among Asian identities, for example, which at times allows for racialised categories to be manipulated as variables. We argue that the distinction between the country that the racialised identity originates from, country of birth (or citizenship) for the individual and country that the individual manages the identity in, is important in understanding the changes in the psychology of racialised identities. By taking into consideration the interplay of temporality, space, social relations and social systems, this paper presents a contribution in the form of the concept “politicized psycho‐geographies”.
Developmental Scores and Prevalence of Functional Difficulty Among Preschool Children in Kenya
Authors: de Kadt Julia , Jeyam Anita , Muuo Sheru W. , Okello George , Jolley Emma , Schmidt Elena 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDisability‐inclusive early childhood development and education (ECDE) plays a crucial role in ensuring that all children, including those with disabilities, reach their developmental potential. However, there is little data on the prevalence of disability in mainstream ECDE in most low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), or on early learning and developmental outcomes of children with disabilities in these classrooms.MethodsData were collected on 1756 children aged 3–9 years enrolling in ECDE at 18 schools in Homa Bay or Turkana Counties, Kenya, at the start of the 2021 and 2022 school years. The UNICEF/Washington Group Child Functioning Module (CFM) measured the prevalence of functional difficulty, and the International Development Early Learning Assessment (IDELA) measured child development and learning.ResultsMainstream classes in sampled preschools included significant proportions of children with functional difficulties (19.9% in Homa Bay; 8.8% in Turkana). In both sites, the odds of having at least one functional difficulty were significantly higher among those aged 5 and above (OR = 2.82 for Homa Bay; 5.76 for Turkana). Multivariate regression found no relationship between functional difficulty and sex or household income.Among children aged 2–4 years in Homa Bay, functional difficulty was most often reported in the domain of controlling behaviour (4.4%), whereas in Turkana, mobility (1.4%) was most common. For children aged 5 and above in Homa Bay, difficulty with accepting change (11%) was most frequently reported, whereas in Turkana it was anxiety (6%).Median IDELA scores were 49 in Homa Bay and 31 in Turkana. Scores increased with child age. Regression models accounting for age‐ and school‐level clustering found no statistically significant differences by sex. Functional difficulties were associated with lower median IDELA scores in Turkana only (β = −5.44 [−8.86, −2.02]).ConclusionFindings highlight the importance of appropriate, sustainable support for inclusive ECDE in both settled communities and refugee settings.
A Rare Case of Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return
Authors: Wu Zifan , Xia Juan , Chen Dandan , Tang Mengqi , Ma Xiaojing 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis manuscript presents a rare case of a complex pulmonary venous malposition with an intact atrial septum and ventricular septum. The study demonstrates the diagnostic utility of echocardiography and computed tomography in the evaluation of complex congenital heart disease.
How Do Computational Models in the Cognitive and Brain Sciences Explain?
Authors: Brun Cédric , Konsman Jan Pieter , Polger Thomas 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe nature of explanation is an important area of inquiry in philosophy of science. Consensus has been that explanation in the cognitive and brain sciences is typically a special case of causal explanation, specifically, mechanistic explanation. But recently there has been increased attention to computational explanation in the brain sciences and to whether that can be understood as a variety of mechanistic explanation. After laying out the stakes for a proper understanding of scientific explanation, we consider the status of computational explanation in the brain sciences by comparing the mechanistic proposal to computational accounts advanced by Piccinini, Milkowski, Cao, Chirimuuta and Ross. We argue that many of these accounts of computational explanation in neuroscience can satisfy the same explanatory criteria as causal explanations, but not all. This has implications for interpretation of those computational explanations that satisfy different criteria.
Durable suppression of seizures in a preclinical model of KCNT1 genetic epilepsy with divalent small interfering RNA
Authors: Andreone Benjamin J. , Lin Jennifer , Tocci Jenna , Rook Matthew , Omer Amr , Carito Lauren M. , Yang Chunhua , Zhoba Hryhoriy , DeJesus Christopher , Traore Mariam , Haruehanroengra Phensinee , Prinzen Alex , Miglis Gregory , Deninger Matthew , Li Mingwei , Lynch Taylor , Howat Bryce , Rogers Kelly A. , Gallant‐Behm Corrie L. , Kinberger Garth A. , Yudowski Guillermo , Chen Qingmin , Jackson Aimee L. , McDonough Stefan I. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveGain‐of‐function variants in the KCNT1 gene, which encodes a sodium‐activated potassium ion channel, drive severe early onset developmental epileptic encephalopathies including epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures and sleep‐related hypermotor epilepsy. No therapy provides more than sporadic or incremental improvement. Here, we report suppression of seizures in a genetic mouse model of KCNT1 epilepsy by reducing Kcnt1 transcript with divalent small interfering RNA (siRNA), an emerging variant of oligonucleotide technology developed for the central nervous system.MethodsThe ATL‐201 molecule is two identical synthetic double‐stranded siRNAs, covalently linked, with 100% nucleotide base pair match to sequence present in both human KCNT1 and mouse Kcnt1 that does not contain any known pathogenic variant. ATL‐201 activity was tested in cortical neurons cultured from wild‐type mice and in mice homozygous for Kcnt1‐Y777H, the mouse ortholog to the human pathogenic KCNT1‐Y796H missense variant. Seizures and nest‐building behavior were measured in freely behaving Kcnt1‐Y777H mice. The number and duration of seizures were measured by electrocorticography in mice dosed with ATL‐201 or phosphate‐buffered saline in a 6‐month durability study and in a 2‐month dose–efficacy study.ResultsIn vitro, ATL‐201 reduced KCNT1 transcript from whole‐cell lysate and eliminated potassium currents from KCNT1 channels in heterologous expression. ATL‐201 also eliminated sodium‐activated potassium currents recorded from individual cortical neurons. In vivo, ATL‐201 suppressed seizures in Kcnt1‐Y777H homozygous mice in a dose‐dependent manner with near‐complete suppression from 2 weeks to at least 4 months. Kcnt1‐Y777H mice had defects in nest building, whereas in ATL‐201‐treated mice nest building was equivalent to wild‐type mice.SignificancePatients with KCNT1‐driven epilepsy experience up to hundreds of seizures per day and have severe impairment in cognitive, motor, and language development and high mortality. The dose‐dependent efficacy and long durability of ATL‐201 in mice show promise for ATL‐201 as a disease‐modifying treatment of KCNT1 epilepsy.
The impact of fathers' overseas employment on left‐behind children in Turkey: A phenomenological exploration
Authors: Türker Duygu , Çimşir Elif 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the lived experiences of Turkish children left behind (N = 16, age range 10–13 years) due to fathers' international work migration.BackgroundInternational labor migration is prevalent among fathers in the rural areas of Turkey, significantly impacting the lives of left‐behind children (LBC).MethodUsing a phenomenological qualitative approach, data were gathered through semistructured interviews and a focus group.ResultsThree primary themes and 10 subthemes emerged, including (a) risks associated with changes in the family system, such as parentification and neglect; (b) emotional and psychological reactions, such as grief and loss, feelings of alienation, concerns for the father's safety and well‐being, and envy of peers; and (c) coping strategies and resources employed by participants, encompassing both positive and negative coping mechanisms, social support, and the quality and continuity of their relationship with their father.ConclusionLBC experience the impact of changes in familial structure resulting from their father's work migration, potentially leading to specific adverse circumstances such as parentification and neglect. In addition to facing the negative psychological effects of paternal absence, some of these children can effectively cope with the situation.ImplicationsAddressing the potential risks of parentification, neglect, and psychological impacts at a structural level is crucial for promoting the well‐being and resilience of LBC in Turkey and other countries.
Exploring Transition From the Workplace to Higher Education During Covid‐19: Postgraduate Quality and Provision
Authors: Campbell Kristyna 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPostgraduate transitions rarely feature in literature and are scarcely acknowledged in practice, owing to assumptions about competence. This diverse group are often multimembers studying in alternative modes to cope with wide‐ranging demands. Despite their contributions to society and the economy, issues concerning fitness for purpose within postgraduate resources, support and provision remain, influencing transition. Expertise brought to the academy is overlooked, and student expectations of study and relationships with staff are often misaligned. This research explores the return to postgraduate study from the workplace during the Covid‐19 pandemic, drawing on transition theory. A reflexive thematic analysis of focus group data revealed how workplace skills and behaviours helped manage transition; the significance of personalised relationships with colleagues, peers and staff; and how technology mitigated pandemic‐related obstacles.