bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retinal detachments associated with choroidal colobomas
Authors: Inoue Makoto 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To summarize the characteristics of the retinal detachments (RDs) that are associated with choroidal colobomas that occur in pediatric and adult patients. A choroidal coloboma is a rare disorder that results from an incomplete closure of the embryonic optic fissure, and their size can range from small colobomas with isolated chorioretinal involvement to large colobomas affecting the iris, choroid, retina, and optic nerve. A RD is occasionally associated with choroidal colobomas, and histological studies of the area of the choroidal coloboma show an absence of normal choroidal tissue, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and retina. Near the margin of the coloboma, the inner retinal layer has a central continuation of the marginal intercalary membrane (ICM) within the coloboma. The outer layer folds back, becomes disorganized, and fuses with the RPE. The inner retina gradually thins and merges with the marginal ICM with a high incidence of tears of the ICM developing along the edge of the coloboma or toward the center. Because of the high association of the causative retinal breaks being located within the colobomatous area, vitrectomy, endolaser photocoagulation around the margin of coloboma, and long-term tamponade with silicone oil or gas are recommended treatments. In addition, the presence of the macula within the area of the laser photocoagulation should be considered. However, the recurrence rate is high and multiple surgeries are required to reattach the detached retina.
HARNESSING MARINE INVERTEBRATES: THE EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES OF COLLAGEN
Authors: JUHARI NURUL IFFAH , MUSTAFA EMIENOUR MUZALINA , KARIM NURUL ULFAH 
Published: January 2025

Marine resources offer a sustainable alternative to conventional protein and nutrient sources with marine collagen playing an important role in functional foods and nutritional supplements. Collagen from marine invertebrates is widely used in the food industry, pharmaceutical products, and biomedical applications. The aim of this study is to study the techniques used to extract collagen from various marine invertebrates. Marine collagen is a structural protein characterised by a helical structure composed of amino acids like glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline. Collagen comprises of 28 different types but only four types: Type I, II, III, and IV have always been studied. Type I is obtained from skin, tendon, and bone, meanwhile Type II is obtained from tissues of vitreous body, cartilage, and nucleus pulposus. Type III is obtained from the vessel walls and reticular fibres of lungs, spleen, and liver and Type IV is obtained from basement membranes. The extraction of marine collagen involves three stages: Pretreatment, extraction, and recovery. Several marine collagen extraction techniques are commonly used, including acid soluble collagen, pepsin soluble collagen, carbon dioxide acidified water, and alkaline denaturing procedures. Different extraction methods produce collagen yields with varying chemical compositions and characteristics. All of the extraction processes are ethical and environmentally friendly.
EFFECTS OF INSPIRATIONAL MOTIVATION ON CLERGY EFFECTIVENESS IN PENTECOSTAL ASSEMBLIES OF GOD IN UGANDA
Authors: Omara George Joel , Gathogo Nguchie , Chiroma Nathan 
Published: January 2025

This study examined the effects of inspirational motivation on clergy effectiveness within the Pentecostal Assemblies of God (PAG) in Uganda. Despite the crucial role of clergy in providing effective leadership and administration, significant shortcomings in fundamental ministries have been reported, including declining church planting rates, poor record-keeping, and decreased offerings and tithes. Using a mixed-methods approach underpinned by pragmatic philosophy, the study collected data from 311 clergy members, including bishops, assembly pastors, and associate pastors, selected through cluster multistage random sampling. Quantitative data were analyzed using Stata Version 18, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically using NVivo Version 14. The findings revealed a moderately strong positive correlation between inspirational motivation and clergy effectiveness (r = 0.5037). Qualitative analysis identified key motivational factors, including continuous teaching and preaching, training and skill development, support and encouragement, resource mobilization, and community outreach. However, challenges such as inadequate motivation and unclear communication of vision were also noted. The study recommends that church leaders prioritize providing clear vision and purpose, emotional engagement with congregants, and role modeling, while emphasizing continuous teaching, training, and recognition of members' efforts to enhance clergy effectiveness within PAG Uganda.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0710/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
AN ANALYSIS OF THE POTENTIAL INTEGRATION'S OF SUSTAINABILITY INTO MARKETING STRATEGIES BY COMPANIES
Authors: Udeh Ernest , Dugba Alexander 
Published: January 2025

For companies looking to solve environmental, social, and economic issues while preserving their competitive edge, sustainability has become a key priority. The goal of this study is to identify successful techniques, obstacles, and results by analyzing how businesses incorporate sustainability into their marketing plans. Providing a thorough grasp of how sustainability-driven marketing tactics may meet stakeholder expectations, promote positive societal effects, and align with business aims is the aim. The intricacies of sustainable marketing strategies were investigated using a qualitative study methodology. In addition to reviewing corporate sustainability reports and case studies, data was gathered through in-depth interviews with marketing professionals, sustainability officers, and industry experts from a variety of sectors. With an emphasis on the reasons, strategies, and difficulties involved in integrating sustainability into marketing initiatives, thematic analysis was employed to find significant trends and insights. A change from transactional to relationship-focused approaches, with an emphasis on transparency, authenticity, and long-term value creation, is necessary for the successful integration of sustainability into marketing strategies, according to key findings. Businesses that make sustainability a central component of their brand identity have a competitive edge, increase brand equity and cultivate client loyalty. However, obstacles like organizational inertia, economic limitations, and concerns about greenwashing frequently make implementation difficult. The report also emphasizes how creative practices like collaborations for sustainable development, technology-driven engagement, and circular economy initiatives are essential for successful sustainable marketing. There are two implications for this study. Theoretically, it advances the growing conversation about sustainable marketing by offering a framework for comprehending how it is incorporated into corporate plans. Practically speaking, the results provide firms with suggestions on how to overcome obstacles and seize chances in sustainable marketing. To dispel doubt and build credibility, companies are advised to embrace a stakeholder-centric approach, make investments in sustainable product innovation, and openly share their work. The present study adds to the existing body of literature on sustainability and marketing by clarifying the methods by which businesses can include sustainability in their marketing plans. It emphasizes how crucial it is to match sustainable practices with business missions, consumer values, and larger societal objectives. Further investigation of regional and industry-specific variances is necessary to enhance understanding of sustainable marketing strategies.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0801/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
EFFECT OF ADVERTISING EFFECTIVENESS VIA MOBILE SOCIAL NETWORKS (SNS) ON BRAND EQUITY AND THE BEHAVIORAL INTENTIONS OF ONLINE CONSUMERS
Authors: Mzid Nesrine 
Published: January 2025

This research aims to determine the impact of advertising effectiveness via the mobile social network service (SNS) on brand equity, namely brand value, brand image and equity value. It also focuses on the treatment of the hypothetical relationship between advertising effectiveness and the behavioral intentions of online consumers. A quantitative study was conducted on 430 Tunisian online consumers in the North African context who frequently use their mobile phones. The method of structural equations based on the AMOS approach was deployed for data analysis. The results reveal that the effectiveness of mobile advertising via social network services (SNS) positively affects brand value, brand image and equity value. The results show that an effective advertising message transmitted via social networks has no effect on the purchase intentions of online consumers. This research fills the gap in the literature by examining the simultaneous impact of the effectiveness of advertising via social networks on brand equity and purchase intentions in a North African context that is still very rare.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0811/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
Hubungan Kadar Kolesterol Total dengan Kadar Gula Darah Puasa pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di RSUD ODSK Provinsi Sulawesi Utara
Authors: Langitan Einelin J.F. , Tiho Murniati , Purwanto Diana S. 
Published: January 2025

Diabetes melitus tipe 2 merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia, dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Penyakit ini tidak hanya memengaruhi kualitas hidup, tetapi juga meningkatkan risiko komplikasi, termasuk gangguan kardiovaskular. Gangguan metabolisme lipid dapat menyebabkan peningkatan kolesterol total diikuti dengan disfungsi metabolisme glukosa. Pengukuran kadar kolesterol total dan gula darah puasa diperlukan untuk evaluasi risiko diabetes melitus tipe 2. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar kolesterol total dengan kadar gula darah puasa pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di RSUD ODSK Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif yang bersifat analitik observasional dengan menggunakan desain penelitian potong lintang (cross-sectional). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian retrospektif dengan menggunakan data sekunder (rekam medis) dari pasien rawat jalan dan rawat inap yang menderita penyakit diabetes melitus tipe 2 di RSUD ODSK Provinsi Sulawesi Utara pada periode April 2022 – Juni 2024. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode total sampling dan diperoleh 65 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebagai sampel. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji korelasi Spearman-Rank, didapatkan nilai signifikan 0,307 (ρ-value > 0,05). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar kolesterol total dengan kadar gula darah puasa pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di RSUD ODSK Provinsi Sulawesi Utara.
Анализ методологических подходов к оценке эффективности публичных финансов
Authors: Шевченко М.Н. 
Published: January 2025

Проведен анализ существующих методологических подходов, который позволит разработать релевантные и адресные методы оценки эффективности публичных финансов, своевременно проводить мониторинг возникающих угроз и определять направления их предотвращения. Изучена система основополагающих принципов, нацеленная на оценку эффективности публичных финансов. Систематизированы актуальные методологические подходы к оценке эффективности публичных финансов: DEA-анализ для определения результативности расходования государственных средств, оценка воздействия прогрессивной шкалы подоходного налога, экономико-математическое обоснование ключевых факторов, влияющих на оценку продуктивности использования публичных финансов, измерение результативности и эффективности применения бюджетных ресурсов для повышения уровня благосостояния населения и мобилизации финансовых ресурсов субъектов.
The analysis of existing methodological approaches has been carried out, which will allow to develop relevant and targeted methods for assessing the efficiency of public finances, to monitor emerging threats in a timely manner and to determine the directions of their prevention. The system of fundamental principles aimed at assessing the efficiency of public finances has been studied. The paper systematises relevant methodological approaches to assessing the efficiency of public finances: DEA-analysis for determining the efficiency of spending public funds, assessment of the impact of the progressive income tax scale, economic and mathematical substantiation of key factors affecting the assessment of the productivity of public finances, measuring the efficiency and effectiveness of budgetary resources for improving the welfare of the population and mobilising the financial resources of entities.
Внедрение облачных технологий для экономической эффективности
Authors: Лытнев Н.Н. , Лещенко К.Д. , Труженников Н.А. , Елецков О.С. 
Published: January 2025

В статье исследованы особенности внедрения облачных технологий для экономической эффективности. Дано определение технологии блокчейна, исследована ее сущность. Технология блокчейн характеризуется децентрализованной и автономной природой, которая позволяет выполнять безопасные и прозрачные операции. Система состоит из последовательности взаимосвязанных блоков, каждый из которых содержит полный журнал транзакций. Исследована сущность облачных вычислений, которые представляют собой онлайн-распределение компьютерных ресурсов, таких как программы, вычислительные мощности и хранилища. С помощью этой технологии предприятия могут эффективно управлять своими вычислительными потребностями и адаптироваться к изменяющимся рабочим нагрузкам, расширяя или сокращая ресурсы по мере необходимости. В результате представлена эмпирическая модель для исследования оценки рисков с использованием блокчейна и сервисов облачных вычислений.
This scientific article examines the features of the introduction of cloud technologies for economic efficiency. The definition of blockchain technology is given, its essence is investigated. Blockchain technology is characterized by its decentralized and autonomous nature, which allows for safe and transparent operations. The system consists of a sequence of interconnected blocks, each of which contains a complete transaction log. The essence of cloud computing is investigated. Cloud computing is the online distribution of computer resources such as software, computing power, and storage. With this technology, enterprises can effectively manage their computing needs and adapt to changing workloads, expanding or reducing resources as needed. As a result, an empirical model is presented for the study of risk assessment using blockchain and cloud computing services.
Цифровая трансформация бизнес-процессов в сфере страхования
Authors: Дадаева Б.Ш. , Халилова М.Ш. 
Published: January 2025

В статье рассмотрены основные бизнес-процессы сферы страхования. Выделены основные этапы и принципы внедрения цифровых технологий с учетом типичных проблем при их реализации. Проанализированы составные элементы цифрового страхования, тенденции и особенности цифровой трансформации.
The article discusses the main business processes of the insurance industry. The main stages and principles of the introduction of digital technologies are highlighted, taking into account typical problems in their implementation. The components of digital insurance, trends and features of digital transformation are analyzed.
Анализ ликвидности и платежеспособности предприятий нефтегазовой отрасли
Authors: Чернявская С.А. , Туркова У.С. , Лысенко И.С. 
Published: January 2025

В статье представлен сравнительный анализ ликвидности и платежеспособности трех крупных предприятий нефтегазовой отрасли России различного масштаба и региональной принадлежности: АО «Верхнечонскнефтегаз», АО «Аганнефтегазгеология» и АО «Акмай». На основе бухгалтерской отчетности за 2021-2023 гг. проведен комплексный анализ показателей с учетом отраслевой специфики, выявлены существенные различия в подходах к управлению финансовым состоянием, определены ключевые тенденции изменения платежеспособности. Установлено, что традиционные нормативные значения коэффициентов требуют корректировки с учетом масштаба деятельности нефтегазовых предприятий. По результатам исследования разработаны дифференцированные рекомендации по оптимизации структуры активов и обязательств для каждого предприятия.
The article presents a comparative analysis of the liquidity and solvency of three large enterprises of the Russian oil and gas industry of various scales and regional affiliation: JSC Verkhnechonskneftegaz, JSC Aganneftegazgeologiya and JSC Akmai. Based on the accounting statements for 2021-2023, a comprehensive analysis of indicators was carried out, taking into account industry specifics, significant differences in approaches to financial condition management were identified, and key trends in solvency were identified. It is established that the traditional normative values of the coefficients require adjustment taking into account the scale of activity of oil and gas enterprises. Based on the results of the study, differentiated recommendations have been developed to optimize the structure of assets and liabilities for each enterprise.
Маркетинговые стратегии для нишевых сегментов рынка детских товаров
Authors: Петенко И.В. 
Published: January 2025

В статье рассмотрены актуальные вопросы сегментации рынка детских товаров и сформулированы общие маркетинговые стратегии для нишевых сегментов на данном рынке. Определено, что эффективные маркетинговые стратегии для нишевых сегментов на рынке детских товаров требуют комплексного подхода, основанного на изучении специфики цели, активном взаимодействии с аудиторией и использовании современных цифровых инструментов. Подчеркивается, что успешная нишевая стратегия требует глубокого понимания целевой аудитории, включающего в себя ее особенности и характеристики. Анализируется важность создания уникального ценностного предложения, удовлетворяющего специфические запросы целевой группы. Рассмотрена роль цифровых технологий и социальных медиа в продвижении нишевых детских товаров, поскольку современные платформы предоставляют уникальные возможности для целевой коммуникации с родителями и детьми, что позволяет не только повысить узнаваемость марки, но и укрепить доверие к бренду через взаимодействие и вовлеченность.
The article considers current issues of children’s goods market segmentation and formulates general marketing strategies for niche segments in this market. It is determined that effective marketing strategies for niche segments in the children’s goods market require an integrated approach based on studying the specifics of the goal, active interaction with the audience and the use of modern digital tools. It is emphasized that a successful niche strategy requires a deep understanding of the target audience, including its features and characteristics. The importance of creating a unique value proposition that meets the specific needs of the target group is analyzed. The role of digital technologies and social media in promoting niche children’s goods is considered, since modern platforms provide unique opportunities for targeted communication with parents and children, which allows not only to increase brand awareness, but also to strengthen trust in the brand through interaction and involvement.
Формирование бюджетов в России по доходам: теоретические аспекты и актуальные проблемы
Authors: Файберг Т.В. 
Published: January 2025

Теоретические и практические вопросы формирования бюджетов бюджетной системы России по доходам в современных условиях остаются актуальными в связи с необходимостью решения важных социо-политических задач, реализацией реформ, направленных на трансформацию механизма исполнения бюджетов по доходам в части внедрения единого налогового платежа и передачи полномочий по распределению налоговых доходов между бюджетами разных уровней Управлению Федерального казначейства по Тульской области. В статье выделены этапы формирования бюджета по доходам во взаимосвязи со стадиями бюджетного процесса, дана характеристика каждому этапу. Приведены результаты оценки качества планирования доходов федерального бюджета на 1 октября 2024 г. и факторы, повлиявшие на нее.
Theoretical and practical issues of forming budgets of the Russian budget system by income in modern conditions remain relevant due to the need to solve important socio-political tasks, implement reforms aimed at transforming the mechanism of budget execution by income in terms of introducing a single tax payment and transferring authority to distribute tax revenues between budgets of different levels to the Federal Treasury Department in Tula region. regions. The article highlights the stages of budget formation by revenue in relation to the stages of the budget process, and characterizes each stage. The results of the assessment of the quality of federal budget revenue planning for October 1, 2024 and the factors that influenced it are presented.
Зеленые проекты промышленных предприятий Эквадора
Authors: Ковалева Е.И. , Гуалото Ф.М.М. 
Published: January 2025

В статье рассмотрены зеленые проекты промышленных предприятий Эквадора. Экономический рост производственного сектора сопровождается экологическими проблемами. Основными зелеными направлениями деятельности промышленных предприятий Эквадора являются: снижение выбросов углекислого газа, переработка отходов производства и вторичное использование сырья, увеличение лесных площадей, развитие органического сельского хозяйства. Рассмотренные стратегии и инициативы промышленных предприятий страны демонстрируют возможность успешного сочетания устойчивого развития и экологической ответственности.
The article examines the green projects of industrial enterprises in Ecuador. The economic growth of the manufacturing sector is accompanied by environmental problems. The main green areas of activity of industrial enterprises in Ecuador are: reducing carbon dioxide emissions, recycling production waste and secondary use of raw materials, increasing forest areas, and developing organic agriculture. The strategies and initiatives of industrial enterprises in the country examined demonstrate the possibility of successfully combining sustainable development and environmental responsibility.