bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance Analysis of Cooperative Spectrum Sensing using Empirical
Mode Decomposition and Artificial Neural Network in Wireless Regional
Area Network
Authors: Jain Sharad , Yadav Ashwani Kumar , Kumar Raj , Yadav Vaishali 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Radio spectrum is natural and the most precious means in wireless
communication systems. Optimal spectrum utilization is a key concern for today's cutting-edge
wireless communication networks. The impending problem of the lack of available spectrum
has prompted the development of a new idea called “Cognitive Radio” (CR). Cooperative
spectrum sensing (CSS) is utilized to improve the detection performance of the system. Several
fusion algorithms of decision-making are proposed for sensing the licensed user, but they do
not work well under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

Objectives:
To address the issue of poor detection performance under low SNR, Empirical
mode decomposition (EMD) and artificial neural network (ANN) based CSS under Rayleigh
multipath fading channel in IEEE 802.22 wireless regional area network (WRAN) is proposed
in this paper.

Method:
In this work, we propose the use of ANN as a fusion center. First, the received signal's
energy is calculated using EMD. The computed energy, SNR, and false alarm probability
are combined to form a data set of 2048 samples. They are utilized to train Levenberg-
Marquardt back propagation training algorithm-based feed-forward neural network (FFNN).
Using this trained network, CSS in WRAN is simulated under Rayleigh multipath fading.

Results:
Simulation results show that the proposed CSS method based on EMD-ANN outperforms
the standard fast Fourier transform (FFT) and EMD detection-based cooperative spectrum
sensing with a hard "OR" fusion at low SNR. With Pf =0.01, 100% detection accuracy
with proposed techniques is obtained at SNR= -22dB.

Conclusion:
The findings show that the suggested approach outperforms EMD and FFT based
energy detection scheme-based traditional CSS in low SNR environments.
Green and Convenient Synthesis of Pharmaceutically Active Mono and
Bis-dihydroquinazolines via a One-pot Multicomponent Reaction Under
Sulfamic Acid Catalysis
Authors: Samiei Amir , Bodaghifard Mohammad Ali , Hamidinasab Mahdia 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) and green chemistry are essential criteria for
the development of efficient chemical syntheses for valuable organic compounds.

Method:
The design, synthesis, and development of sustainable procedures for the production of novel
biological and pharmaceutical molecules have gained high importance. Herein, an environmentally benign
synthesis of mono- and bis-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones as pharmaceutically active compounds
was carried out in good to high yields of 80-99% within 45-120 minutes.

Result:
The desired products were synthesized via three-component and pseudo five-component condensations
of isatoic anhydride, a primary amine (aniline or ammonium acetate), and an aldehyde/dialdehyde
using sulfamic acid (20%) as a solid acidic catalyst under the solvent-free condition at 100°C.

Conclusion:
The easy work-up procedure, metal-free and environmentally benign catalyst, green reaction
conditions for performing MCRs, and high yields of pure products are some advantages of the presented
protocol.
Urinary stone ablation with a thulium fibre laser: a rate-of-completion evaluation
Authors: Arbuzov I. A. , Chernega V. S. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The main disadvantage of using the rate of ablation of urinary stones as a parameter of thulium lithotripsy is the dependence of this parameter on the energy and frequency of laser pulses. Therefore, the results of measurements of this parameter by researchers differ significantly, since they were carried out at different values of the energy and pulse frequency, as well as at different values of the radiographic density of stones.Objective. To develop a universal indicator to assess the specific value of reducing the mass of urinary stones when performing laser lithotripsy.Materials & methods. We have analyzed scientific publications in domestic and foreign specialized publications (2005 to 2023) related to the measurement of urinary stone ablation rate during thulium laser lithotripsy. We used physical methods of estimation of specific values when we developed a universal indicator of specific value of stone mass reduction.Results. Having processed the data, we obtained the average value of the specific indicator of urinary stone mass reduction per unit of pulse energy during thulium lithotripsy in the ‘dusting mode’, equal to 0.059 ± 0.003 mg/J. The article provides a formula for calculating the "pure" time of lithotripsy, as well as examples of calculating the specific indicator of the stone mass reduction and the time of lithotripsy.Conclusion. This value can be used both to evaluate the efficiency of thulium laser lithotripsy and to predict the time of lithotripsy.
Diode laser surgery for benign prostate hyperplasia: a comparative analysis of the efficacy and safety of two techniques
Authors: Rakhimov S. A. , Feovilov I. V. , Arbuzov I. A. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The urgency of the issues evaluating the effectiveness of various laser surgery techniques in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is determined by the presence of a significant number of various complications.Objective. To conduct a comparative analysis of the efficacy and safety of two methods of diode laser surgery for benign prostate hyperplasia.Materials & methods. Retrospective study by monitoring and analysing histories included 52 patients with BPH to compare the efficacy and safety of two techniques of diode laser surgery of BPH. The surgical intervention (prostate enucleation — DiLep or vaporization — DiVap) was performed using diode laser with power of 150 W and wavelength of 980 nm ("MILON" Ent., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation). The efficacy of laser technologies was evaluated according to the following criteria: surgery time (min), prostate volume (cx), post-void residual urine volume (ml), severity of LUTS and quality of life related to urination according to the IPSS-QoL scale (points).Results. The DiLep time for prostate volume 71.3 ± 20.2 cc was 62 - 95 min (71.3 ± 12.6 min), whereas for prostate volume 70.4 ± 21.3 cc the DiVap duration was 50 – 67 min (59.8 ± 8.6 min) with a significant difference between the groups (p = 0.0001). The mean length of hospital stay for patients in the DiLep group was 3.4 ± 1.2 bed-days, whereas in the DiVap patient group it was significantly shorter and averaged 2.2 ± 1.1 bed-days (p = 0.008).Conclusion. Diode laser vaporization (DiVap) requires significantly less surgery time and length of hospital stay than hyperplasia enucleation (DiLep).
Identification of Hypertension in Electronic Health Records Through Computable Phenotype Development and Validation for Use in Public Health Surveillance: Retrospective Study
Authors: Valvi Nimish , McFarlane Timothy , Allen Katie S , Gibson P Joseph , Dixon Brian Edward 
Published: December 2023

Background
Electronic health record (EHR) systems are widely used in the United States to document care delivery and outcomes. Health information exchange (HIE) networks, which integrate EHR data from the various health care providers treating patients, are increasingly used to analyze population-level data. Existing methods for population health surveillance of essential hypertension by public health authorities may be complemented using EHR data from HIE networks to characterize disease burden at the community level.

Objective
We aimed to derive and validate computable phenotypes (CPs) to estimate hypertension prevalence for population-based surveillance using an HIE network.

Methods
Using existing data available from an HIE network, we developed 6 candidate CPs for essential (primary) hypertension in an adult population from a medium-sized Midwestern metropolitan area in the United States. A total of 2 independent clinician reviewers validated the phenotypes through a manual chart review of 150 randomly selected patient records. We assessed the precision of CPs by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), F1-score, and validity of chart reviews using prevalence-adjusted bias-adjusted κ. We further used the most balanced CP to estimate the prevalence of hypertension in the population.

Results
Among a cohort of 548,232 adults, 6 CPs produced PPVs ranging from 71% (95% CI 64.3%-76.9%) to 95.7% (95% CI 84.9%-98.9%). The F1-score ranged from 0.40 to 0.91. The prevalence-adjusted bias-adjusted κ revealed a high percentage agreement of 0.88 for hypertension. Similarly, interrater agreement for individual phenotype determination demonstrated substantial agreement (range 0.70-0.88) for all 6 phenotypes examined. A phenotype based solely on diagnostic codes possessed reasonable performance (F1-score=0.63; PPV=95.1%) but was imbalanced with low sensitivity (47.6%). The most balanced phenotype (F1-score=0.91; PPV=83.5%) included diagnosis, blood pressure measurements, and medications and identified 210,764 (38.4%) individuals with hypertension during the study period (2014-2015).

Conclusions
We identified several high-performing phenotypes to identify essential hypertension prevalence for local public health surveillance using EHR data. Given the increasing availability of EHR systems in the United States and other nations, leveraging EHR data has the potential to enhance surveillance of chronic disease in health systems and communities. Yet given variability in performance, public health authorities will need to decide whether to seek optimal balance or declare a preference for algorithms that lean toward sensitivity or specificity to estimate population prevalence of disease.
O papel da extensão universitária: Programa de Formação de Educadores do Campo – Formacampo
Authors: Santos Winner , Ramos dos Santos Arlete 
Published: December 2023

A extensão universitária deve ser entendida como parte intrínseca da indissociabilidade entre ensino e pesquisa. Prezando pelo valor ético e político buscado pela instituição no processo educacional, permeando as atividades de ensino e aprendizagem, a acessibilidade ao conhecimento e a conectividade com os setores sociais, econômicos e estatais. O presente trabalho se desenvolve a partir de uma pesquisa descritiva, do tipo relato de experiência, que tem como objetivo abordar sobre o “Programa Formação de Educadores do Campo- Formacampo”. Uma ação extensionista da Pró-reitora de Extensão (PROEX) da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB). O Programa Formacampo utiliza uma perspectiva crítica baseada na dialética materialista para a educação do campo. Oferecendo formação continuada aos profissionais que atuam na educação do campo, em escolas dos municípios dos territórios de identidade da Bahia. O programa é organizado a partir de questões importantes como a importância do Projeto Político pedagógico para a educação básica do campo e a possibilidade de concretização de uma concepção de educação que tem como referência um projeto educacional histórico. O Formacampo tem proporcionado uma melhor compreensão da educação no campo, ajudando na valorização da educação e promovendo um olhar diferenciado sobre o assunto. Ressaltando a Importância de considerar a divisão rural-urbana.
O estresse ocupacional da enfermagem na unidade de pronto atendimento – UPA, no município de Senhor do Bonfim/BA: uma análise
Authors: Troelsen Pereira Nascimento Agnete , Fonseca Grassi Juciele 
Published: December 2023

Introdução: O estudo teve como objetivo analisar e descrever os fatores estressores para a equipe de enfermagem do setor de urgência e emergência de uma unidade de pronto atendimento (UPA). Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, cujos sujeitos foram enfermeiros e técnicos de enfermagem. Utilizou entrevista semiestruturada, juntamente com análise de conteúdo temática de Bardin. Foi aprovada pelo CEP da Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), sob parecer nº 3.531.973. Resultados: Foram elencados como fontes estressoras: excesso de trabalho; insegurança; triagem conflituosa e divergência com equipe. Os sintomas mais relatados pelos profissionais foram: algias musculares; estafa física e, mental; ansiedade e desordens gastrointestinais. Em relação aos níveis de estresse, a classe de enfermagem encontra-se imersa em graus elevados. Esses resultados se tornaram altamente significativos, diante dessa pesquisa, o que nos leva a reavaliar a saúde do trabalhador, assim como a qualidade que esses serviços estão sendo ofertados a população, e os impactos dessa temática no setor de saúde. Conclusão: Pesquisa de grande relevância, tendo em vista que nunca foi avaliado o estresse nessa classe atuante na unidade. Isso remete às fontes estressoras o qual a enfermagem está exposta diariamente, bem como na implicação da qualidade de assistência aos pacientes. O estudo revelou a necessidade da implementação de medidas pelos gestores públicos que visem a qualidade da saúde nessa classe.
A Novel Machine Learning Approach for Cotton Yield Prediction
Authors: Mitra Alakananda , Beegum Sahila , Fleisher David , Reddy Vangimalla R , Sun Wenguang , Ray Chittaranjan , Timlin Dennis , Malakar Arindam 
Published: December 2023

Cotton production in the United States has reduced since 1950. The U.S.
cotton industry is committed to sustainable cotton production practices
that reduce water, land, and energy usage and soil loss while improving
soil health and cotton yield. Various climate-smart agriculture
strategies have been planned that boost yields and may lower operating
costs. Cultivars, soil types, management strategies, pests and diseases,
climate, and weather patterns impact crops in complex and nonlinear ways
and make crop yield prediction difficult. This is where machine learning
(ML) comes in. In this work (Fig.1), we aim to accurately predict cotton
yield using an ML method incorporating the effects of climate change,
soil variety, cultivars, and the nitrogen from NH,
NO, and Urea. Two types of cotton yield data—field
data and synthetic data—were used. The field data was collected in the
1980s and early 1990s across the southern cotton belt. The dataset
consisted of different soil types, cultivars, and amounts of nitrogen.
However, these data do not reflect the most recent effects of climate
change over the past few years. To address this issue, six years of
cotton yield data were generated using the process-based cotton model,
GOSSYM. This dataset helps train the ML algorithm with the climate
change effect and more precisely predict cotton yield. We concentrated
on three southern states: Texas, Mississippi, and Georgia. For each
state, three different locations in the cotton-producing counties were
chosen. Weather data from 2017 to 2022 for each location were generated
using the POWER Data Access Viewer web interface. The same planting and
harvest dates were selected for all cases. For each case, the
accumulated heat unit (AHU) was calculated from the weather data and
used as one of the inputs to the ML model. Instead of applying time
series weather data, calculating AHU simplified the scenario, and we
were able to reduce the number of computations. Soil types, cultivars,
and amounts of nitrogen were varied to create combinations of inputs
likely to correspond to the range of farm input factors currently being
experienced in these locations. We then developed a Random Forest
Regressor to predict the yield. The results show the use of this method
is highly accurate (~89%), with
R averaging around 0.82 and a root mean square error
of 117.03 kg/ha.
Chronology of sedimentation and landscape evolution in the Okavango Rift Zone, a developing young rift in southern Africa
Authors: Vainer Shlomy , Schmidt Christoph , Garzanti Eduardo , Dor Yoav Ben , Pastore Guido , Mokatze Thuto , Prud'homme Charlotte , Léanni Laëtitia , King Georgina , Verrecchia Eric 
Published: December 2023

The Kalahari Basin in southern Africa, shaped by subsidence and
epeirogeny, features the Okavango Rift Zone (ORZ) as a significant
structural element characterized by diffused extensional deformation
forming a prominent depocenter. This study elucidates the Pleistocene
landscape evolution of the ORZ by examining the chronology of sediment
formation and filling this incipient rift and its surroundings.
Modeling of cosmogenic nuclide concentrations in surficial eolian sand
from distinct structural blocks around the ORZ provides insights into
sand’s residence time on the surface. Sand formation occurred from
~2.2 to 1.1 Ma, coinciding with regional tectonic
events. Notably, provenance analyses of sand within ORZ’s lowermost
block where large alluvial fans are found indicate different source
rocks and depositional environments than those of the more elevated
eolian sand. This suggests that the major phase of rift subsidence and
the following incision of alluvial systems into the rift occurred after
eolian dune formation. Luminescence dating reveals that deposition in
alluvial fan settings in the incised landscape began not later than
~250 ka, and that a lacustrine environment existed since
at least ~140 ka.
The established chronological framework constrains the geomorphological
effects of the different tectono-climatic forces that shaped this
nascent rifting area. It highlights two pronounced stages of landscape
development, with the most recent major deformation event in the
evolving rift probably occurring during the middle Pleistocene
transition (1.2-0.75 Ma). This event is reflected as a striking change
in the depositional environments due to the configurational changes
accompanying rift progression.
Tire Performance and Testing under Longitudinal and Combined Slip States: Induced vs Resultant Wheel-Related Slip
Authors: Yordanov Ventseslav , Harris Mark , Bachmann Christian , Sedlan Konstantin 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Tires influence many overall vehicle characteristics, including safety, performance, comfort, and handling. Testing is needed to characterize tires for the selection of original equipment manufacturers submissions as well as for the development of other suspension and chassis components. The reality that tire responses are highly nonlinear and change significantly with temperature, wear, and surface pairing makes testing to adequately characterize tires for vehicle development difficult. Furthermore, achieving robust, repeatable braking and driving measurements is particularly challenging. Unlike cornering tests, the test rig input is directly opposed to the tire response vector. Moreover, using an estimated parameter (e.g., slip ratio) as a control value prohibits a clear distinction between the linear test rig input and the nonlinear tire response. In this paper, the influence of the wheel-related slip control on tire performance under longitudinal and combined slip conditions is investigated. Two different tire types are measured in a laboratory environment on an MTS Flat-Trac CT+ tire test rig. A variety of test procedures are used to consider the influence of slip and torque rates under different operating conditions (e.g., wheel loads). A recommendation is given for a low-wear and cost-efficient testing methodology for an improved assessment of tire longitudinal and combined slip characteristics by using a linear test rig input.
Developing Students’ Nationalism Character through Video-Based Learning in Pancasila Education in the Disruption Era
Authors: Nuryadi Muhammad Hendri , Widiatmaka Pipit 
Published: December 2023

The digital era hurts the crisis of student character, especially the nationalism character. Some lecturers fail to respond wisely due to the low use of digital-based learning media. This study aims to analyze the role of Pancasila Education lecturers in fostering the character of nationalism in the era of disruption, and the strategy of the Pancasila Education course in developing the character of student nationalism through video-based learning in the era of disruption. This research uses a qualitative approach and descriptive research methods. Data collection techniques use interviews, observations, literature studies, and questionnaires. The data analysis used is interactive, while the research subjects are 2 lecturers and 28 students. The role of Pancasila Education lecturers is very important in fostering the character of student nationalism so that learning methods and media must be based on digital technology, especially video-based ones. Video-based learning for the Pancasila Education course is a useful strategy to develop the character of student nationalism because it is easily accessible. The results of this study are an alternative for lecturers and teachers in building the nationalistic character of students, considering that the digital era hurts the millennial generation.
Challenges of Teaching English for Elementary School Student in Indonesian Rural Areas
Authors: Laila Fitri Nur , Prastiwi Yeni , Fauziati Endang 
Published: December 2023

Teaching English in rural areas presents another hurdle for English language teachers. Furthermore, this present study attempted to analyze the challenges of teaching English for young learners in Indonesian rural area. This study employed qualitative methodology and case study was used as a research design. Then, in this study, purposive sampling was adopted to select the participants. Furthermore, three elementary English teachers were participated as the participants in this study. In addition, the data were collected through semi-structured interview. Then, to validate the data this study used credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. Furthermore, thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. This study discovered that there were five main challenges of teaching English in rural areas which were the status of English in curriculum, lack of qualified English teacher, insufficient of educational facilities, students’ negative attitudes toward English and students’ socio-economic background. Additionnally, the implications of this study was provided valuable information for further research and can be helpful to school's stakeholders to increase the quality of the education in the English language learning process, especially at the primary level of education.
Mathematical Framework for Accurate Prayer Times: Insights from the Bencet Tradition
Authors: Muhaimin Lukman Hakim , Kusumah Yaya S. , Juandi Dadang , Hendriyanto Agus , Sahara Sani 
Published: December 2023

Establishing a crucial connection between religious practices and mathematics is essential for comprehending the regularity and temporal discipline inherent in fulfilling religious duties, notably observed in traditional tools like bencet for determining prayer times. This qualitative ethnographic study aims to unveil the mathematical concepts involved in using and crafting bencet. This exploration of bencet represents the first-ever study in the history of ethnomathematics. Data analysis using the Miles and Huberman model reveals that the community's unconscious use of bencet tongkat demonstrates mathematical concepts, particularly in parallel lines, measurements, and the need for flat sides. Meanwhile, crafting bencet garis showcases the community's unconscious understanding of mathematical concepts related to parallel lines, perpendicular lines, the use of circles for angles, and measurements. These findings expand our understanding of cultural values and local wisdom, demonstrating their relevance to mathematical concepts. Furthermore, the study provides recommendations for future research, suggesting an exploration of ethnomathematics as an innovative alternative approach to learning.