bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological and legal aspects of cyberbullying
Authors: Matsiuk O. L. , Maslyanikova I. V. 
Published: February 2024

Article is devoted to the psychological and legal aspects of cyberbullying. To achieve this goal, research methods were used. The following methods were used to study the problem of cyberbullying: theoretical method (analysis and systematization of scientific literature, scientific papers, professional publications), empirical method (content analysis, observation, survey), statistical method (using methods of mathematical statistics), content analysis (used in the normative analysis of the legal framework and analysis of social networks).
The research has shown that cyberbullying is an urgent problem not only in Ukraine but also in other countries. In our opinion, public policy should be aimed at combating various types of violence against children, and a protection system should be developed and implemented at different levels.
The article proposes measures aimed at counteracting and preventing cyberbullying (creating a healthy psychological environment, trainings and lectures on cyberbullying, fostering mutual respect, support, kindness and empathy; systematic sessions with a psychologist, etc.)
Increasing the use of the Internet has led to a growing number of cases of online harassment. One of the ways to solve the problem is to develop measures to prevent and combat cyberbullying. The authors conclude that cyberbullying is becoming increasingly common and has a negative impact on a person's future. Cyberbullying is mostly about causing emotional harm, but it can escalate into open harassment, which usually includes physical intimidation and beatings.
The article states that parents, teachers/educators should be an example of tolerant behavior, organize various activities to bring them closer to students, be sure to work with a psychologist, involve children in various clubs/sections, creative work, where respect and goodwill will be promoted. The parents and others should also respond to all forms of violence and harassment against children.
Secondary depictive and resultative predication in and Chukchi's designative case
Authors: Siegl Florian 
Published: February 2024

This study re-approaches the morphosyntax of the Chukchi designative case, a minor predicative case whose central function is the encoding of secondary depictive and resultative predicates. Although the designative case has been covered in Chukchi grammaticography (Bogoras 1922; Skorik 1961, 1977; Dunn 1999; Kämpfe & Volodin 1995), these accounts offer diverging and partly contradicting accounts concerning its compatibility with certain nominal parts of speech; of central relevance is the account of Inenlikej (1974) who went as far and denied the existence of a designative case altogether. A dedicated study of the syntax and semantics of the designative case has however, so far, not been attempted. Based on a manually glossed corpus of almost 13000 orthographic Chukchi words and additional electronically searchable Chukchi materials, this study covers the designative case from the perspective of participant-oriented adjuncts (Himmelmann & Schultze-Berndt 2005) and a recent questionnaire on secondary predication in Uralic Languages (Groot 2017). Since a number of Northern Eurasian languages have cases with a similar function e.g, Yukaghiric, Eskimo, several Uralic languages as well as Chukchi’s genetic relatives Koryak, Alutor and Itelmen, some cross-linguistic comparisons finalize this study.

Keywords: Chukchi, designative case, depictive secondary predication, resultative secondary predication, participant-oriented adjuncts, Chukotko-Kamchadal languages, Yukaghir languages, Siberian Yupik Eskimo, Uralic languages
Standard isometric contraction has higher reliability than maximum voluntary isometric contraction for normalizing electromyography during level walking among older adults with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhu Xiaoxue , Pang Yaya , Li Li , Sun Wei , Ding Lijie , Song Qipeng , Shen Peixin 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Electromyography (EMG) normalization often relies on maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), which may not be suitable for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients due to difficulties in generating maximum joint torques caused by pain. This study aims to assess the reliability of standard isometric contraction (SIC) for EMG normalization in older adults with KOA, comparing it with MVIC.Methods: We recruited thirty-five older adults with KOA and collected root mean square EMG amplitudes from seven muscles in the affected limb during level walking, SIC, and MVIC tests. EMG data during level walking were normalized using both SIC and MVIC methods. This process was repeated after at least 1 week. We calculated intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) with 95% confidence intervals to evaluate between- and within-day reliabilities.Results: SIC tests showed higher between- (ICC: 0.75–0.86) and within-day (ICC: 0.84–0.95) ICCs across all seven muscles compared to MVIC tests. When normalized with SIC, all seven muscles exhibited higher between- (ICC: 0.67–0.85) and within-day (ICC: 0.88–0.99) ICCs compared to MVIC normalization.Conclusion: This study suggests that SIC may offer superior movement consistency and reliability compared to MVIC for EMG normalization during level walking in older adults with KOA.
Investigation of the causal relationship between inflammatory bowel disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Tang Ling-tong , Feng Lei , Cao Hui-ying , Shi Rui , Luo Bei-bei , Zhang Yan-bi , Liu Yan-mei , Zhang Jian , Li Shuang-yue 
Published: February 2024

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been associated, according to various epidemiological research. This study uses Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal link between T2DM and IBD.Methods: To investigate the causal relationship between IBD and T2DM risk using European population data from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary datasets, we constructed a two-sample MR study to evaluate the genetically predicted impacts of liability towards IBD outcomes on T2DM risk. As instrumental variables (IVs), we chose 26 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with IBD exposure data. The European T2DM GWAS data was obtained from the IEU OpenGWAS Project database, which contains 298,957 cases as the outcome data. The causal relationship between T2DM and IBD using a reverse MR analysis was also performed.Results: The two-sample MR analysis, with the Bonferroni adjustment for multiple testing, revealed that T2DM risk in Europeans is unaffected by their IBD liability (odds ratio (OR): 0.950–1.066, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.885–1.019, p = 0.152–0.926). The effects of liability to T2DM on IBD were not supported by the reverse MR analysis either (OR: 0.739–1.131, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.651–1.100, p = 0.058–0.832). MR analysis of IBS on T2DM also have no significant causal relationship (OR: 0.003–1.007, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.013–5.791, p = 0.069–0.790). FUMA precisely mapped 22 protein-coding genes utilizing significant SNPs of T2DM acquired from GWAS.Conclusion: The MR study showed that the existing evidence did not support the significant causal effect of IBD on T2DM, nor did it support the causal impact of T2DM on IBD.
Factors associated with foreign body infection in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia
Authors: Bouiller Kevin , Jacko Natasia F. , Shumaker Margot J. , Talbot Brooke M. , Read Timothy D. , David Michael Z. 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundWe aimed to compare patient characteristics, MRSA sequence types, and biofilm production of MRSA strains that did and did not cause a foreign body infection in patients with MRSA bloodstream infections (BSI)MethodsAll adult patients with MRSA BSI hospitalized in two hospitals were identified by clinical microbiology laboratory surveillance. Only patients who had at least one implanted foreign body during the episode of BSI were included.ResultsIn July 2018 - March 2022, of 423 patients identified with MRSA BSI, 118 (28%) had ≥1 foreign body. Among them, 51 (43%) had one or more foreign body infections. In multivariable analysis, factors associated with foreign body infection were history of MRSA infection in the last year (OR=4.7 [1.4-15.5], p=0.012) community-associated BSI (OR=68.1 [4.2-1114.3], p=0.003); surgical site infection as source of infection (OR=11.8 [2-70.4], p=0.007); presence of more than one foreign body (OR=3.4 [1.1-10.7], p=0.033); interval between foreign body implantation and infection &lt;18 months (OR=3.3 [1.1-10], p=0.031); and positive blood culture ≥48h (OR=16.7 [4.3-65.7], p&lt;0.001). The most prevalent sequence type was ST8 (39%), followed by ST5 (29%), and ST105 (20%) with no significant difference between patients with or without foreign body infection. Only 39% of MRSA isolates formed a moderate/strong biofilm. No significant difference was observed between patients with foreign body infection and those without foreign body infection. In multivariable analysis, subjects infected with a MRSA isolate producing moderate/strong in vitro biofilm were more likely to have a history of MRSA infection in the last year (OR=3.41 [1.23-9.43]), interval between foreign body implantation and MRSA BSI &lt;18 months (OR=3.1 [1.05-9.2]) and ST8 (OR=10.64 [2-57.3]).ConclusionMost factors associated with foreign body infection in MRSA BSI were also characteristic of persistent infections. Biofilm-forming isolates were not associated with a higher risk of foreign-body infection but appeared to be associated with MRSA genetic lineage, especially ST8.
Data from the Indian drug regulator and from Clinical Trials Registry-India does not always match
Authors: Bhalla Iqbal S. , Ravindranath Adithi Gopadi , Vaswani Ravi , Saberwal Gayatri 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionIn India, regulatory trials, which require the drug regulator’s permission, must be registered with the Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI) as of 19 March 2019. In this study, for about 300 trials, we aimed to identify the CTRI record that matched the trial for which the regulator had given permission. After identifying ‘true pairs’, our goal was to determine whether the sites and Principal Investigators mentioned in the permission letter were the same as those mentioned in the CTRI record.MethodsWe developed a methodology to compare the regulator’s permission letters with CTRI records. We manually validated 151 true pairs by comparing the titles, the drug interventions, and the indications. We then examined discrepancies in their trial sites and Principal Investigators.ResultsOur findings revealed substantial variations in the number and identity of sites and Principal Investigators between the permission letters and the CTRI records.DiscussionThese discrepancies raise concerns about the accuracy and transparency of regulatory trials in India. We recommend easier data extraction from regulatory documents, cross-referencing regulatory documents and CTRI records, making public the changes to approval letters, and enforcing oversight by Institutional Ethics Committees for site additions or deletions. These steps will increase transparency around regulatory trials running in India.
Xenomyrothecium tongaense PTS8: a rare endophyte of Polianthes tuberosa with salient antagonism against multidrug-resistant pathogens
Authors: Sundar Ranjitha Dhevi V. , Arunachalam Sathiavelu 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionEndophytes refer to microorganisms residing within the endosphere of plants, particularly perennials, without inflicting noticeable injury or inducing obvious morphological variations to their host plant or host organism. Endophytic fungi, although often overlooked microorganisms, have garnered interest due to their significant biological diversity and ability to produce novel pharmacological substances.MethodsIn this study, fourteen endophytic fungi retrieved were from the stem of the perennial plant Polianthes tuberosa of the Asparagaceae family. These fungal crude metabolites were tested for antagonistic susceptibility to Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) pathogens using agar well diffusion, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) assays. The chequerboard test was used to assess the synergistic impact of active extract.Results and discussionIn early antibacterial screening using the Agar plug diffusion test, three of fourteen endophytes demonstrated antagonism against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). Three isolates were grown in liquid medium and their secondary metabolites were recovered using various organic solvents. Eight extracts from three endophytic fungi displayed antagonism against one or more human pathogens with diameters ranging from 11 to 24 mm. The highest antagonistic effect was obtained in ethyl acetate extract for PTS8 isolate against two MRSA (ATCC 43300, 700699) with 20 ± 0.27 and 22 ± 0.47 mm zones of inhibition, respectively, among different solvent extracts. The extract had MICs of 3.12 ± 0.05 and 1.56 ± 0.05 μg/mL, and MBCs of 50 ± 0.01 and 12.5 ± 0.04 μg/mL, respectively. Antagonism against VRE was 18 ± 0.23 mm Zone of Inhibition (ZOI) with MIC and MBC of 6.25 ± 0.25 and 25 ± 0.01 μg/mL. When ethyl acetate extract was coupled with antibiotics, the chequerboard assay demonstrated a synergistic impact against MDR bacteria. In an antioxidant test, it had an inhibitory impact of 87 ± 0.5% and 88.5 ± 0.5% in 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl and reducing power assay, respectively, at 150 μg/mL concentration. PTS8 was identified as a Xenomyrothecium tongaense strain by 18S rRNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing. To our insight, it is the foremost study to demonstrate the presence of an X. tongaense endophyte in the stem of P. tuberosa and the first report to study the antibacterial efficacy of X. tongaense which might serve as a powerful antibacterial source against antibiotic-resistant human infections.
Artificial intelligence approaches for early detection of neurocognitive disorders among older adults
Authors: AlHarkan Khalid , Sultana Nahid , Al Mulhim Noura , AlAbdulKader Assim M. , Alsafwani Noor , Barnawi Marwah , Alasqah Khulud , Bazuhair Anhar , Alhalwah Zainab , Bokhamseen Dina , Aljameel Sumayh S. , Alamri Sultan , Alqurashi Yousef , Ghamdi Kholoud Al 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionDementia is one of the major global health issues among the aging population, characterized clinically by a progressive decline in higher cognitive functions. This paper aims to apply various artificial intelligence (AI) approaches to detect patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia accurately.MethodsQuantitative research was conducted to address the objective of this study using randomly selected 343 Saudi patients. The Chi-square test was conducted to determine the association of the patient’s cognitive function with various features, including demographical and medical history. Two widely used AI algorithms, logistic regression and support vector machine (SVM), were used for detecting cognitive decline. This study also assessed patients’ cognitive function based on gender and developed the predicting models for males and females separately.ResultsFifty four percent of patients have normal cognitive function, 34% have MCI, and 12% have dementia. The prediction accuracies for all the developed models are greater than 71%, indicating good prediction capability. However, the developed SVM models performed the best, with an accuracy of 93.3% for all patients, 94.4% for males only, and 95.5% for females only. The top 10 significant predictors based on the developed SVM model are education, bedtime, taking pills for chronic pain, diabetes, stroke, gender, chronic pains, coronary artery diseases, and wake-up time.ConclusionThe results of this study emphasize the higher accuracy and reliability of the proposed methods in cognitive decline prediction that health practitioners can use for the early detection of dementia. This research can also stipulate substantial direction and supportive intuitions for scholars to enhance their understanding of crucial research, emerging trends, and new developments in future cognitive decline studies.
What if I like it? Daily appraisal of technology-assisted supplemental work events and its effects on psychological detachment and work engagement
Authors: Kunz Lea Katharina , Ducki Antje , Hoppe Annekatrin 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionInformation and communication technologies (ICT) allow employees to engage in technology-assisted supplemental work (TASW), such as continuing work tasks and being contacted by supervisors or colleagues after their official working hours. Research has found that TASW can have positive and negative effects on employee wellbeing. Yet, it remains unclear under which circumstances TASW is beneficial or harmful. Building on appraisal theories, we hypothesized that a more positive appraisal of TASW events is related to higher levels of daily psychological detachment and work engagement. We further proposed that daily psychological detachment is positively associated with daily work engagement and mediates the relationship between appraisal of TASW events and daily work engagement.MethodsTo test our hypotheses, we conducted a diary study with two surveys per day over five consecutive workdays (N = 135; 245 daily observations).ResultsResults of multilevel path analysis showed that a more positive appraisal of TASW was positively related to work engagement. However, appraisal of TASW events was not associated with psychological detachment and, therefore, there was no mediating effect on work engagement.DiscussionOur results contribute to existing research by investigating potential beneficial aspects of TASW and its effects on work engagement. Future research avenues and practical implications are discussed.
A prospective randomized double-blind study comparing the dose-response curves of epidural ropivacaine for labor analgesia initiation between parturients with and without obesity
Authors: Huang Xiao-Dong , Qiu Xiao-Xiao , Wang He-Jie , Jin Xia-Fang , Xiao Fei 
Published: February 2024

Background: Previous studies have explored the median effective concentration (EC50) of ropivacaine for labor epidural analgesia in parturients with obesity. However, the clinical relevance of the 90% effective concentration (EC90) remains unclear. This study aimed to determine and compare the dose–response curve of epidural ropivacaine for labor analgesia between parturients with and without obesity.Methods: Parturients were divided into two groups based on body mass index (BMI): group N, consisting of parturients with BMI &lt;30 kg/m2, and group O, consisting of parturients with BMI &gt;30 kg/m2. Within each group, the patients were randomized to receive one of five concentrations (0.0375%, 0.075%, 0.1125%, 0.15%, or 0.1875%) of epidural ropivacaine for labor analgesia. Analgesia was induced with a loading dose of 15 mL of the assigned concentration. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were recorded at baseline and 30 min post-dose to calculate the response (%) using the formula [(baseline VAS pain score—VAS pain score at 30 min)/baseline VAS pain score] ×100%. The EC50 and EC90 values were determined via nonlinear regression analysis.Results: The EC50 and EC90 values of ropivacaine were 0.061% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.056%–0.066%) and 0.177% (95% CI, 0.152%–0.206%) in group N and 0.056% (95% CI, 0.051%–0.061%) and 0.161% (95% CI, 0.138%–0.187%) in group O, respectively. No significant differences were observed in the EC50 and EC90 values between the two groups (p-values = 0.121 and 0.351, respectively.Conclusion: In conclusion, within the parameters of this study, our findings suggest that obesity, characterized by a mean BMI value of 30.9, does not significantly influence the EC50 and EC90 values of epidural ropivacaine for labor analgesia. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the dose-response relationship between ropivacaine and obesity with higher BMI values.Clinical trial registration:https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=190747, Identifier ChiCTR2300073273.
The importance of social relationships in depression in autistic adolescents: a narrative-review
Authors: Mamimoué Élise , Gauld Christophe 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveThe impact of social relationships on autistic adolescents has been recently studied. However, the link between social relationships and depression in autistic adolescents seem underrepresented in the scientific literature. Especially no specific assessment tool has been developed to evaluate depression in autistic adolescents. The aim of this narrative review is to raise the impact of social relationships on depression in autistic adolescents. We aim to propose lines of thought on the creation of a sensitive tool for identifying depression in this population.MethodsWe conducted two types of searches for articles and reviews on PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane. First, regarding social relationships, we searched the following terms: [(“adolesc*” OR “youth”) AND (“ASD” OR “autis*”) AND (“social communication” OR “peer relationship”) AND (“depress*”)]. Secondly, regarding assessment tool, we searched the following terms: [(“tool” OR “assess*”) AND (“depress*”) AND (“ASD” OR “Autis*)”].ResultsSocial impact, verbal skills, and good social motivation are risk factors of depression in autistic adolescents. Social impairment during childhood is related to peer victimization and is a risk factor for depression. There is no specific tool to measure depression in autistic adolescents.ConclusionNo specific tool based on social relationships was developed to evaluate depression in autistic adolescents. Depression in autistic adolescents needs to be assessed considering the social and pragmatic specificities of autism. Social communication and difficulties in peer relationships may be evaluated in specific assessment tools based on social relationships for depression in autistic adolescents.