bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corporate Borrowings: A Conceptual Perspective
Authors: Surya Narayan Behera, Maheswar Sethi  
Published: January 2024

In the dynamic landscape of global business and finance, corporate borrowings play a crucial role in addressing firms' capital needs, promoting economic growth, and facilitate expansion (Levine, 2003) amidst ever-changing global business and financial scene. Corporate borrowings are essential in forming the financial frameworks of companies in all sectors of the economy. The borrowings, as a source of capital, are considered by the corporate due to limitation of equity capital such as higher risk association from the investors’ perspective and high cost of capital from the company perspective. Borrowings include debt securities, loans, and other credit instruments. Corporations strategically decide whether to leverage borrowed capital in order to maximise their capital structure (Rocca et al., 2011), manage risk (Eunju & Jang SooCheong, 2005), and take advantage of growth prospects (Zhang & Wu, 2017). It is because of the fact that borrowings hold an ambivalent status of acceptance among the corporate. In one hand, borrowings bring benefits to a firm in the form of tax shield effect and less costly capital thereby enhancing shareholders value. On the contrary, it brings many costs to a firm like bankruptcy cost, financial distress etc. So, when making financial decisions, managers carefully examine the option of corporate borrowings as a critical source of funding.
The recent emphasis on environmental sustainability by the Govt. and corporate, has led emphasis on the raising capital through green bond by the corporate that contribute positively to the climate or environment. Further, the concept of ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) performance of the corporate has now dragged the attention of the investor as a measure of good corporate citizenship and thereby enabling the corporate to raise less costly capital through borrowings.
In a time of economic uncertainties, technological advancements, and evolving paradigms in financial markets, it is critical to comprehend the corporate borrowings. Hence, this paper aims to give a thorough overview of corporate borrowings by exploring the various facets that characterise this important component of contemporary financial ecosystems.
Further, this paper navigates across the potential benefits and theories which affect corporate financing decisions. On this investigation of corporate borrowings, we aim to provide valuable insights for scholars, policy makers, and industries. The remainder of this paper deals with importance, theories, cost, benefits, and determinants of corporate borrowings and last section provides the conclusion.
COMPARING THE EFFICACY OF 30 ML AND 60 ML FOLEY'S CATHETER BALLOON INFLATION FOR INDUCTION OF LABOR IN TERM SINGLETON MULTIGRAVIDA PATIENTS: A RANDOMIZED TRIAL
Authors: SHAHZADI A 
Published: January 2024

Labour induction is a common obstetric technique, especially for term singleton multigravida patients. The Foley's catheter balloon inflation method is widely used, and the efficacy of this technique may be affected by differences in balloon capacity. Thus, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two balloon inflation volumes, 30 mL and 60 mL, for inducing labour in term singleton multigravida patients. This study was a prospective, randomized, parallel-group design conducted at Gajju Khan Medical College, Swabi, between September 2022 and September 2023 The study included 112-term singleton multigravida with a gestational age of 37 weeks or more, a single-fetus pregnancy, and prior pregnancies. Using computer-generated random numbers, participants were randomly assigned to Group A (30 mL) or Group B (60 mL). The results of the study showed that both groups had similar baseline characteristics. Group A had an average age of 28.5 years, while Group B had an average age of 29.2 years. Group A's mean gestational age was 39.1 weeks, while Group B's was 38.9 weeks. Patients in both groups were multiparous. The mean induction-to-delivery delay was 10.2 days for Group A and 12.8 days for Group B, with a statistically significant difference (p=0.034). After balloon inflation, Group A bishop scores improved from 4.2 to 7.8, and Group B bishop scores improved from 4.1 to 7.6 (p=0.498). The research shows that 60 mL of folleys catheter balloon inflation for cervical ripening in labour induction may shorten the induction-to-delivery period without compromising newborn outcomes.
FREQUENCY OF UTI IN PREGNANCY ASSOCIATED WITH PRETERM LABOUR: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: SHAHZADI A , AHMAD F 
Published: January 2024

This Cross-Sectional Study aimed to determine how common urinary tract infections (UTIs) are in pregnant women experiencing preterm labour. In addition, the study assessed the standard procedure of routinely doing a urine culture and urinalysis simultaneously in these instances. The study was conducted between September 2022 and August 2023 at the Gynae & Obs Department of GKMC Swabi. The medical records of pregnant patients who were hospitalised at the Gynae & Obs department of GKMC Swabi due to preterm labour were analysed. The study determined the incidence of UTIs in these women. The women were divided into two groups based on their diagnoses upon admission: group 1 had preterm labour/preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PTL/PPROM), and Group 2 had threatened preterm labour (TPL). Urinalysis and urine culture assessments were performed in these two groups to develop a plan to minimise unnecessary urine cultures. Out of 200 women who had preterm uterine contractions, 4.9% had a UTI. There was no difference in the prevalence of UTI between the two groups of women. 3.5% of the urine samples had a positive culture. Escherichia coli was the most commonly found bacterium in both groups of women. A urine culture with a positive screening rate of 7.2% and 91.2% sensitivity can be used to identify women in the TPL group who should have their urine cultured if an abnormal cell counts or a large presence of bacteria exists in the urine. This method can reduce unnecessary urine cultures. The study found that among pregnant women with preterm labour, the incidence of UTIs was 4.9%, with no statistically significant variation between subgroups. Using certain criteria allows unnecessary urine cultures to be reduced while UTIs in this group are promptly detected.
STRATEGI MARKETING PUBLIC RELATIONS DESA MANGROVESARI BREBES SEBAGAI DESA WISATA BERBASIS MANGROVE
Authors: Destiara Felinka , Fauzi Rizky 
Published: January 2024

This research wants to see how the marketing public relations strategy of Mangrovesari village as a mangrove-based tourism village. This research method was carried out using a descriptive qualitative approach. Informants in this study were from internal Mangrovesari villages, business partners, and tourists from Mangrovesari villages. The concept used in this study from Thomas L Harris consists of a Push strategy, a Pull strategy and a Pass strategy. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews and documentation from the internet as additional data or information. The data analysis techniques use coding techniques and data validity techniques use triangulation. The conclusion in this study is that the marketing public relations strategy carried out by Mangrovesari village with the concept of Push strategy, Pull strategy, and Pass strategy concepts are interrelated with each other and can help Mangrovesari village to manage, develop, promote and form positive public opinion as a village. mangrove-based tourism, thus making tourists more familiar with and interested in coming to Mangrovesari village.
Strategi Peningkatan Kinerja Bisnis Kuliner melalui Optimalisasi Kualitas Produk dan Kualitas Pelayanan
Authors: Uswatun Chasanah  , Rahayu Mardikaningsih  , Didit Darmawan  , Siti Nur Halizah  
Published: January 2024

The research aims to analyze strategies to improve the performance of the culinary business through optimization of the quality of products and services in the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) of the Culinary Industry in the City of Surabaya. The research method used was a quantitative approach involving 90 respondents from the UMKM culinary industry in Surabaya. This research includes an analysis of product quality and service quality as free variables, while business performance as variables. The data collection was carried out through a questionnaire distributed to the owners of culinary UMKM in Surabaya City. Data analysis techniques using double linear regression. The results of data analysis showing that the quality of products and services have a significant impact on the performance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the culinary industry in Surabaya City illustrate the importance of these two factors in determining the success of the business. While the quality of service is an important aspect in building good relationships with customers.
Keywords: Business Performance, Product Quality, Service Quality, UMKM, Culinary Business.
Distribution of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHF) Infections Among Animals and Human in Diyala Province
Authors: Ibrahim Jaber Safa 
Published: January 2024

In this study, 30 blood samples were collected from Human patients infected with CCHF virus residing in Alrazi Hospital, 30 samples from cattles and 30 from goats from the veterinary medical clinic in Baquba city. Also, 15 blood samples were taken from healthy individuals, 15 samples from healthy cattles and 15 samples from healthy goats as control groups. The study was carried out during the period from, 15th January to 30th June 2023 in Diyala Province. According to the results, the (Mean±S.E) of Human anti IgM antibodies was 2.40±0.26 in patients with CCHF and 2.13±0.23 in cattles with non-significant differences, while the (Mean±S.E) of anti IgM antibodies was 1.72±0.15 in goats with a significant difference between goats and humans (p=0.03). The (Mean±S.E) of Human anti IgG antibodies was 1.42±0.11 in patients with CCHF and 1.27±0.12 in cattles with non-significant differences. Also, the mean ±S.E of anti IgG was 1.24±0.11 in goats with non-significant differences between the animals and Humans. The mean ±S.E of anti-IgM Human antibodies was 2.40±0.26 compared to the control group 0.08±0.05 with a highly significant difference p<0.001. The mean of anti-IgG human antibodies was 1.42±0.11 compared to the control group 0.13±0.06 with a highly significant difference p<0.001. The mean of anti-IgM cattle antibodies was 2.13±0.23 compared to the control group 0.08±0.04, with a highly significant difference p<0.001. The mean of anti-IgG antibodies was 1.27±0.12 compared to the control group 0.09±0.04 with a highly significant difference p<0.001. The mean of anti-IgM goat antibodies was 2.13±0.23 compared to the control group 0.08±0.04 with a highly significant difference p<0.001. finally, the mean of anti-IgG antibodies was 1.27±0.12 compared to the control group 0.09±0.04 with a highly significant difference p<0.001.
Keterbacaan Struktur Pendahuluan Artikel Ilmiah Jurnal Online Fokus Pendidikan Terakreditasi Sinta-4-6
Authors: Alfalah Adib , Wulandesember Nanyk Sudarwati , Fauzan Khairil 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan: 1) tingkat keterbacaan artikel ilmiah jurnal online fokus pendidikan terakreditasi Sinta 4-6; 2) sama-tidaknya tingkat keterbacaan artikel ilmiah jurnal online fokus pendidikan Sinta-4-6 per peringkat Sinta. Kegiatan penelitian berlangsung di akhir 2023 dan awal 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kepustakaan yakni setiap artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasi di jurnal online. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 9 artikel ilmiah yang bersumber dari 3 jurnal online fokus pendidikan; masingmasing 3 artikel Sinta-4, Sinta-5, dan Sinta-6. Setiap artikel ilmiah jurnal online dipilih menggunakan teknik sampel aksidental. Untuk mengumpulkan data keterbacaan artikel ilmiah jurnal online fokus pendidikan terakreditasi Sinta 4-6 digunakan pedoman observasi. Teknik ini digunakan untuk mengobservasi secara online artikel ilmiah di jurnal online. Kuesioner juga digunakan guna memvalidasi hasil analisis keterbacaan artikel oleh tim ahli. Data keterbacaan artikel ilmiah jurnal online fokus Islam terakreditasi Sinta-4-6 dianalisis menggunakan modifikasi Index Fog yang dimodifikasi selaras dengan konversi data bahasa Inggris ke dalam bahasa Indonesia. Sama-tidaknya keterbacaan artikel ilmiah jurnal online menurut perbedaan peringkat Sinta 4-6 dianalisis menggunakan prosedur statistik deskriptif melalui butir modus. Hasil penelitian: 1) tingkat keterbacaan artikel ilmiah jurnal online fokus pendidikan terakreditasi Sinta 4-6 menghasilkan nilai 6,21 s.d. 11.29; sebagian kecil artikel mudah dibaca siswa SD/MI dan sebagian besar mudah dibaca oleh para siswa dan para mahasiswa; 2) terdapat perbedaan tingkat keterbacaan artikel ilmiah jurnal online fokus pendidikan terakreditasi Sinta 4-6
Kata Kunci: keterbacaan, struktur pendahuluan, artikel ilmiah, jurnal online fokus pendidikan, akreditasi Sinta
DOSSIER TRANSLATIONS
Authors: Gallanti Fabrizio 
Published: January 2024

In a recent conversation, the owner of an Italian publishing company declared that his fascination with architecture, the subject of a large number of his publications (even though it meant a permanent risk of economic bankruptcy), depended on the fact that it is a discipline constantly reinventing and defining itself. And that, in fact, the very word discipline is not adequate to describe it.
The editor referred to is Cesare De Michelis, and the publishing company, Marsilio. He himself measured the gulf which exists between “Architettura della citta”, whose first 1966 edition was issued when the publisher was still in Padova, and the present interests and approaches which go through his work as an editor. According to De Michelis, unlike other practices, either more professional or more aesthetic, architecture is a fluid area constantly altering and modifying its fields of work, the objects of its interest, its research and work methodology and, in general, its horizon of cultural reference. In particular, while it is easy to see what literature, law or medicine are about, in the case of architec- ture this clarity does not exist, and it has weakened mainly since the affirmation of modern architecture.
Enseñar Arquitectura
Authors: Gallanti Fabrizio 
Published: January 2024

En una conversacion reciente, el duen de una editorial italiana declaraba que su fascinacion con la arquitectura, tema de buena parte de sus publicaciones (aun cuando significaba un permanente riesgo de quiebra economi- ca), dependi de que se trata de una disciplina en cons- tante reinvencion y definicion de si misma. Y que, de he- cho, la misma palabra disciplina no es la adecuada para describirla.
El editor en cuestion es Cesare De Michelis, y la editorial es Marsilio. El mismo medi el abismo que existe entre “Architettura della citta”, cuya primera edicion de 1966 salio cuando la editorial estaba todavi en Padova, y los intereses y enfoques actuales que atraviesan su labor de editor. Segun De Michelis, a diferencia de otras practicas, sean ellas mas profesionales o mas esteticas, la arquitec- tura es un area fluida que constantemente altera y modi- fica sus campos de accion, los objetos de sus intereses, sus metodologis de investigacion y trabajo y, en general, el horizonte cultural de referencia. En particular, mientras es sencillo reconocer de que se ocupan la literatura, el derecho o la medicina, en el caso de la arquitectura esta claridad no existe, y se ha debilitado especia
Estudiantes al poder
Authors: Insulza Francisca 
Published: January 2024

A partir de los ans cincuenta, los alumnos de las facultades de arquitectura italianas exigen una reno- vacion de sus escuelas reclamando nuevos cursos, profesores y metodos de ensennza. Se exige una aproximacion menos academica y mas cercana a la realidad de un pais en acelerado crecimiento, pujante industrializacion y grandes problemas urbanos. La energi y la intensidad del debate, unidas a las dinami- cas de participacion estudiantil, anticipan en muchos aspectos un punto de quiebre en la formacion del arquitecto y, en consecuencia, en la practica arquitectonica.
El presente articulo intercepta esta larga reivindicacion entre los ans 1967 y 1971, fase culmine de la cri- sis y momento en el cual los estudiantes de arquitectura se apoderan de sus escuelas, dando lugar a un proceso de experimentacion y autogestion sin precedentes. Cansados de la falta de soluciones reales, ya sean politicas o academicas, agotados los esfuerzos de dialogo y sin obtener resultados de los metodos habituales de presion, los estudiantes inician una maniobra que consigue el control de la estructura, las materias y los docentes de las escuelas, demostrando la tenacidad y fuerza de un movimiento capaz de asumir un rol politico propio en las dinamicas de transformacion del pais. Debido a la radicalidad de sus iniciativas, cobran particular relevancia, para efectos de este texto, las experiencias de las facultades de arquitectura de Milan y Venecia.
PARKLIFE
Authors: Fattinger Peter 
Published: January 2024

En los ultimos 10 ans, los estudiantes de la Universidad Tecnologica de Viena han estado disenndo y constru- yendo varios proyectos en equipos colectivos junto a su profesor.
Las construcciones van desde instalaciones temporales, inutilizables e inhabitables en el espacio urbano publico de ciudades europeas, hasta edificios para instituciones sociales como jardines infantiles, centros de atencion y orfanatos en pueblos sudafricanos y areas de desastre en Indonesia.
La arquitectura mas reciente realizada por los estudian- tes es PARKLIFE, una extension independiente junto a un centro publico de atencion infantil, ubicada en el parque de una comuna suburbana densamente poblada en Vie- na. Rodeado de gigantescos edificios de departamentos de los ans setenta, PARKLIFE es una escultura utilizable, un lugar conocido, un escenario y tribuna. Amplias esca- leras internas forman un auditorio para conciertos, repre- sentaciones, proyeccion de peliculas y juegos, que esta protegido y se puede calefaccionar. Las escaleras llevan a un espacio acogedor con un gran ventanal con vista al campo de deportes del parque. Bajo las escaleras hay un taller para trabajar madera totalmente equipado que, por medio de un puente levadizo, puede abrirse hacia el parque de aventuras adjunto. Aqui, los nins pueden construir sencillas estructuras de madera, como cabans y kioscos supervisados por profesores.
SYNTHe: SYNTHETiC ECologiES
Authors: Rochas Alexis 
Published: January 2024

SYNTHe es una iniciativa del Programa de Disen y Construccion de SCI-Arc que investiga el desarrollo de estructuras adaptables capaces de cumplir los requisitos de Techos Verdes en la ciudad de Los angeles. Su objeti- vo es estimular a la comunidad de SCI-Arc para participar en un mayor desarrollo de nuestra ciudad y promover un enfoque practico a la transformacion de nuestro am- biente construido.
Una activa colaboracion entre estudiantes, Facultad, ur- banistas y autoridades de la ciudad establece una unidad de investigacion que estudia la generacion y produccion de paisajes sinteticos capaces de restablecer los atributos formales, fisicos y ecologicos de nuestra estructura urba- na.
El Jardin de Techo consiste en una cubierta de metal corrugado que forma una serie de canales o surcos de arado verdes. Una serie de tratamientos de superficies duras y blandas que se van alternando, forma al entre- lazarse una especie de tejido que es terreno fertil para la produccion de especies comestibles y una serie unica de plataformas y espacios donde sentarse contemplando el horizonte urbano hacia el Este y el extenso Los angeles hacia el Sur. Cada surco de arado alberga un medio de cultivo preparado, menos denso que el suelo natural para minimizar cargas muertas, y un sistema automatico de irrigacion por goteo.
El proyecto esta ubicado en el techo de The Flat, una urbanizacion residencial en el centro de Los angeles, que combina unidades para arriendo y un restaurant en el pri- mer piso.

Portafolio Casos de Estudio 1:1 PARTICIPANTES / PARTICIPANTS
Equipo del Proyecto / Project Team: Jeremy Backlar, Leigh Bell, Reymundo Castillo, Deborah Fuentes, John Klein, John Ford, Santino Medina, Leandro Rolon, Wataru Sakaki, Patrick Shields.
Profesor / Professor: Alexis Rochas.Ingenieri / Engineering: Bruce Danziger. Arup, Los angeles.
Paisajismo / Landscaping: Al Renner, Consejo de Jardines Comunitarios, Los angeles.
ViSioN Wall
Authors: Rochas Alexis , Manferdini Elena 
Published: January 2024

“Vision Wall” (“Muro de vision”) es parte de una extensa investigacion sobre el rol del disen, la fabricacion y los nuevos materiales que SCI-Arc esta liderando en el cam- po de la educacion arquitectonica.
Sin ser distinta de las ilustraciones de Escher, la instala- cion fue disenda siguiendo reglas generales de tesela- cion plana.
“Tessella” es un pequen pedazo de vidrio usado para hacer mosaicos. El disen de los componentes se obtuvo haciendo un disen que mezclaba dos figuras primitivas a lo largo de un plano axial del muro, sin superposiciones ni espacios intermedios. Una malla DIA basica fijaba el taman y el ritmo de cada celda. El disen no estaba ba- sado en la logica del algoritmo Penrose, que se basa en dos modulos para embaldosar todo el plano. En lugar de eso, estaba disendo para seguir una deformacion lineal de una celda a otra. Por lo tanto, cada componente se en- trelazaba perfectamente con el otro formando una malla, pero era diferente de los que lo rodeaban. Como resulta- do de esta variacion, el dibujo matematico final mostraba una tension entre la visibilidad de la figura y la logica del campo. El plano bidimensional inicial se uso luego para crear un sistema de celdas tridimensionales y aberturas de Boole que constituyeron el muro final. Construido con un total de 53 celdas dobladas, auto-sustentadas, conec- tadas en forma compleja, cada celda se obtuvo por me- dio de tres paneles cortados con laser. El plastico usado para construir los componentes fue laminado con papel de aluminio radiante 3M, un tratamiento a la superficie que polariza la luz y que cambia de color dependiendo del angulo desde el cual se vea la superficie. La geometri altamente facetada del muro, junto con el material optico laminado en su superficie, creo un gran juego de refle- jos y efectos cromaticos. Las imagenes del rededor que son reflejadas por las facetas radiantes interfieren entre si, creando distorsiones fantasticas de los colores de la luz en un despliegue de diferentes tonos.
A moral issue
Authors: Concha Daniel 
Published: January 2024

The Torre Velasca (1958), a high-rise building located in Milan and developed by the Italian architectural firm BBPR, was presented
by Ernesto Rogers, one of the firm partners, at CIAM 59’ celebrated at the Kröller-Muller Museum in Otterlo, The Netherlands.
The building became the centre of an international debate between Rogers and the English architect Peter Smithson, a discussion
concerning the continuation of the project of modernity in architecture. The article, through a precise recreation of the discussion,
demonstrates even though the architects preoccupations differ, they find a common ground in the question of architectural form.