bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of dynamic route guidance on urban traffic network under Connected Vehicle environment
Authors: Liu Zhao , Guo Jianhua , Chen Lei , Wei Yun , Huang Wei , Cao Jinde 
Published: October 2023

Although Connected Vehicle technology is developing rapidly, connected vehicles (CV) are going to mix with the traditional vehicles (i.e., non-connected vehicles) for a long time. The effects of deploying CV on urban traffic systems are actually not clear. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the potential effects of route guidance under connected vehicle environment on an urban traffic network in terms of traffic mobility and safety. Microscopic simulation approach is used to conduct CV environment simulation and the rolling horizon approach is used for information updating among the connected vehicles. Meanwhile, driving behavior is modeled through aggressiveness and awareness of drivers. Traffic mobility for the road network was measured by average trip time and average vehicle trip speed. A surrogate measure, i.e., the time-to-collision involved incident rate for one kilometer driven, was used to assess the safety of the road network. Based on a real urban traffic network, the impacts of market penetration levels of connected vehicles and information updating intervals were studied. Simulation results showed that market penetration level of connected vehicles has little impact on the mobility and safety of road network. In addition, according to the simulation conducted in this paper, shorter updating interval is shown to be likely to lead to better mobility, while the safety of road network is likely to decline, under the assumptions embraced in the simulation. By contrast, the simulation also showed that longer updating interval is likely to lead to better safety and decreased mobility.
The safety of physically separated cycle tracks compared to marked cycle lanes and mixed traffic conditions in Amsterdam
Authors: van Petegem Jan Hendrik , Schepers Paul , Wijlhuizen Gert Jan 
Published: October 2023

Bicycle infrastructure is utilised to improve cycling safety and encourage bicycle use as a sustainable and healthy transport mode. This study sets out to assess whether providing physically separated cycle tracks along distributor roads, as prescribed in Dutch design guidelines and the Sustainable Safety vision, yields the expected safety benefits for cyclists. Therefore the safety of physically separated cycle tracks is compared to marked or painted cycle lanes and to mixed traffic conditions at distributor roads with a speed limit of 50 km/h in Amsterdam in the Netherlands. The study also includes the presence of the risk factors curbside parking and trams. Since police records are known to underreport single bicycle crashes and other crashes without a motor vehicle involved, ambulance records are used in this study instead. Also, both motor vehicle volumes as well as cyclists counts are taken into account in the crash analysis. By doing so, this study aims to address two weaknesses of previous research, i.e. the lack of control for exposure of cyclists and the use of police recorded crashes which miss the majority of bicycle crashes without motor vehicles. Results show that, controlled for kilometres travelled by bicycle and by motor vehicle, 50-60% less bicycle crashes occur on distributor roads with cycle tracks compared to those with cycle lanes. Curbside parking and trams are related to an increased likelihood of bicycle crashes, a difference of a factor 2 and 1.7-2 respectively. The authors therefore recommend to favour physically separated cycle tracks over cycle lanes and to take out curbside parking from the cross section as this presents the possibility to introduce cycle tracks in existing cross sections and mitigate an important risk factor concurrently.
Assessing adoption intention of electric vehicles in India: The mediating role of government policies
Authors: Joshi Nitin , Malhotra Meenakshi , Singh Jashandeep 
Published: October 2023

The total number of vehicles is expected to be 2.5 billion by the year 2050. To stabilize the impact on environment, the automobile sector has shown various innovations by shifting from conventional vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs). However, there is less acceptance of electric cars in India, so this research paper explores the various factors affecting EV adoption intention. The key factors studied are price, environmental concern, infrastructure requirement, and knowledge of EV. This paper also shows that government policies act as a mediator between factors like price, knowledge of EV, and infrastructure requirement on adoption intention of EVs. This research paper presents insights for the decision-makers to understand the determinants and design the strategies for increased adoption intention of EVs.
Perceived car dependence and multimodality in urban areas in Flanders (Belgium)
Authors: Van Eenoo Eva , Fransen Koos , Boussauw Kobe 
Published: October 2023

In this study, we test the extent to which people who reside in hypothetically car-independent neighbourhoods travel multimodally and perceive themselves as car dependent. We used the Flemish region as our study case, and defined a car-independent neighbourhood as an area with a high node and a high place value. A cluster analysis with four constituent variables – car use frequency, bicycle use frequency, vehicle kilometers travelled (VKT) and the need for a car to carry out daily activities - led to defining four heterogeneous groups of car owners. We labelled the groups as car-dependent motorists - long distance, car-dependent motorists - short distance, car-independent cyclists and car-dependent cyclists. We found all clusters to be to some extent multimodal. For our selected study area, car ownership does not necessarily induce perceived car-dependence among people who can easily get around by bicycle. Nevertheless, even in an urban setting and when exhibiting multimodal travel patterns, people can perceive their car as indispensable. Perceived car dependence is not necessarily correlated with high VKT or high frequency of car use, neither can we conclude that multimodal behaviour necessarily leads to less VKT.
Structured Approach to Form-focused Instruction for Reading Comprehension in EAP
Authors: Priven Dmitri 
Published: October 2023

Complex noun phrases (CNP) are a major vehicle of academic written discourse (Halliday, 1988/2004). However, despite the view that they pose significant challenges to English language learners, they are rarely taught in college-based English for Academic Purposes (EAP) programs, especially for the purposes of improving reading comprehension. This article presents a teaching intervention that integrates explanations on and practice with the structure and use of these types of CNP in an EAP program at a large Canadian college. This specially designed teaching intervention was integrated within a standard curriculum in a non-credit preparatory EAP Reading course. Drawing on the research that has identified elements of syntactic parsing ability instrumental in successful processing and interpretation of CNP, this article describes the reading strategies taught in this intervention and reports on student feedback. It concludes with a discussion on potential improvements to the learning tasks.
Prendre en compte la pollution sonore dans une modélisation de dynamiques de populations d’espèces
Authors: PLOTARD Christophe , MOULHERAT Sylvain , De ROINCÉ Catherine , CORNUAU Jérémie 
Published: October 2023

L’étude des effets des nuisances sonores sur la biodiversité progresse lentement mais sûrement. Dans la foulée d’autres trames écologiques, le concept émergent de « trame blanche » vise à identifier les zones d’un territoire où la pollution sonore doit être contenue ou réduite en priorité afin de permettre aux espèces d’accomplir la totalité de leur cycle de vie. Grâce à la progression des connaissances scientifiques et à l’accès à certaines données de mesures du bruit, il devient désormais possible de modéliser l’impact des nuisances sonores sur les dynamiques démographiques et les déplacements de populations d’espèces à l’échelle d’un paysage. L’intégration du bruit comme facteur de pression repose sur l’existence d’une relation entre le niveau de puissance sonore et la qualité des milieux, à la fois en tant que patchs d’habitats potentiels et espaces de déplacements des espèces. Cet article présente en particulier la démarche mise en œuvre dans le cadre de l’évaluation des impacts de la pollution sonore d’une ligne de métro sur neuf espèces.
On Hyperparameters Optimization of the Continuous Hopfield Network via Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Safae Rbihou , Haddouch Khalid , MOUTAOUAKIL Karim EL 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Recurrent neural networks have proven to be effective in various domains due to their ability to remember key information during solution processes. The continuous Hopfield network is a recurrent neural network that can solve several complicated problems, including combinatorial optimization problems. The user of a continuous Hopfield network for solving combinatorial optimization problems must construct an energy function that combines the energy function and the constraints; this combination requires penalty hyper-parameters that have a direct impact on the quality of the solution and its feasibility. To ensure the convergence of the continuous Hopfield network and thus ensure the feasibility of the solutions to the combinatorial problems, we introduce a linear optimization model given by: the objective function represents the energy function of continuous Hopfield network, which controls the quality of the solution, and the constraints represent conditions on the parameters of the continuous Hopfield network penalty function extracted by the hyperplane procedure, which ensure the feasibility of the solutions. On the well-known NP-complete problem (task assignment problem, traveling salesman problem, weighted constraint satisfaction problem, max-stable problem, graph coloring problem, shortest path problem and portfolio selection problem) the genetic algorithm is used to solve the proposed model. The proposed method has shown its superiority over random methods for choosing continuous Hopfield network hyper-parameters: the solutions produced are all feasible, and the difference in accuracy between our method and random methods is 48.8%.
Recurrent Cystic Hygroma and Poor Pregnancy Outcomes in a Single Patient.
Authors: Cover Brinkley , Tovar Juliana , Thomas Serin , Enakpene Christopher 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background: Cystic hygroma is a rare, benign cystic congenital malformation of the lymphatic vessels that occurs in 1 in 800 pregnancies and 1 in 8000 live births. The etiology of CH still remains unknown, and there are very few cases of successive pregnancies all containing CH. Literature suggests that CH is passed down in an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, which is what is suspected in a case such as this.
Cases: These cases are unique recurrence of cystic hygroma in three successive pregnancies in a single patient over a period of 4 years and 6 months. Patient had history of ischemic stroke and diagnosed with protein C deficiency at 19 years old and she was on Coumadin and low dose aspirin (ASA) prior to and less than 6 weeks of gestation during the first and second pregnancies but on Lovenox prior to her third pregnancy and continued throughout the pregnancy. Chromosomal analysis of the first fetus showed a 7:11 translocation between the short arm of chromosome 11 and the short arm of chromosome 7 with breakpoints of chromosome t (7;11)(p(13;p15.1).
Conclusion: To this day there has been no reported literature of CH complicated by this specific type of translocation; leading us to the conclusion that it was likely coincidental. Moreover, both the parents, the second and the third fetuses all had normal chromosomal analysis and normal microarray. Unfortunately, whole genome and exon sequencing could not be performed but the patient had negative maternal expanded carrier screening.
Teaching Points
Pregnancies complicated by cystic hygroma require more than just mere analysis for chromosome anomaly but also require fetal DNA analysis and evaluations to rule out other fetal conditions such as immune and non-immune causes of fetal hydrops, and fetal structural abnormalities like congenital heart disease, thoracic mases that can obstruct vascular and lymphatic drainage, skeletal dysplasia and sometimes inborn error of metabolism. The CH in each pregnancy was suspected to be related familial predisposition or autosomal recessive inheritance pattern that caused damage to the lymphatic system during fetal development because there were no other known identifiable genetic or environmental causes in the three cases.
Evaluating the Utilities of Large Language Models in Single-cell Data Analysis
Authors: Zhao Hongyu , Liu Tianyu , Li Kexing , Wang Yuge , Li Hongyu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in both industrial and scientific domains. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of LLMs in single-cell sequencing data analysis through comprehensive experiments across eight downstream tasks pertinent to single-cell data. By comparing seven different single-cell LLMs with task-specific methods, we found that single-cell LLMs may not consistently excel in all tasks than task-specific methods. However, the emergent abilities and the successful applications of cross-species/cross-modality transfer learning of LLMs are promising. In addition, we present a systematic evaluation of the effects of hyper-parameters, initial settings, and stability for training single-cell LLMs based on a proposed scEval framework, and provide guidelines for pre-training and fine-tuning. Our work summarizes the current state of single-cell LLMs, and points to their constraints and avenues for future developments.
Dental anxiety and dental care - A comparison between Albania and Germany
Authors: Cunoti Nertsa , Qorri Rezart , Irmscher Lisa , Qorri Erda , Magerfleisch Laura , Berth Hendrik 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
This is the first Albanian scientific study in the field of dentistry and psychosocial medicine. The aim of this study was to find out whether there are differences in dental anxiety between people from Albania and Germany.
Methods
This study questioned 263 patients (133 Germans, 130 Albanians) over the course of eight months using the Dental Anxiety Scale questionnaires to determine anxiety before dental treatment and the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 to evaluate psychological distress. Moreover, the patients answered questions regarding their oral health and dental care.
Results
The current subjective health status of Albanian patients was assessed to be significantly worse than that of German patients. The subjects in the German dental practices also showed significantly higher general psychological distress. The patient groups also differed significantly in the dental treatment-related anxiety level (DAS) with German patients showing higher levels of anxiety.
Additionally Albanian patients scored significantly lower on the preventive care index. Despite an elevated DAS anxiety level, German patients reported going to the dentist more frequently than Albanian patients.
Conclusion
Albanian and German dentists should be more sensitized to the topic of "dental anxiety" in order to be able to deal appropriately with patients with increased anxiety.
PCYT1A deficiency disturbs fatty acid metabolism
and induces ferroptosis in mice retina
Authors: Zhang Lin , Wang Kaifang , Xu Huijuan , Zou Rong , Zeng Guangqun , Yuan Ye , Zhu Xianjun , Zhao Xiaohui , Li Jie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) encompass a group of debilitating visual disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration of photoreceptors, ultimately leading to blindness. Among the causes of this condition, mutations in the PCYT1A gene have been identified, which encodes the rate-limiting enzyme responsible for phosphatidylcholine (PC) de novo synthesis within the Kennedy pathway. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the association between PCYT1A mutations and IRDs remain unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we focused on elucidating the functions of PCYT1A in the retina. Initially, we demonstrated that PCYT1A exhibits predominant expression in Müller glia (MG) cells situated in the inner nuclear layer (INL) of the retina. Subsequently, we generated a retina-specific knockout mouse model targeting the Pcyt1a gene (Pcyt1a-RKO or RKO mice) to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying IRDs caused by PCYT1A mutations. Our findings revealed that the deletion of PCYT1A resulted in retinal degeneration phenotypes, including reduced scotopic electroretinogram (ERG) responses and progressive degeneration of photoreceptor cells, accompanied by loss of cells in the INL. Furthermore, through proteomic and bioinformatics analyses, we observed dysregulated retinal fatty acid metabolism and activation of the ferroptosis signaling pathway in RKO mice. Importantly, we established that PCYT1A deficiency did not lead to an overall reduction in PC synthesis within the retina. Instead, it appeared to disrupting the free fat acid metabolism and ultimately triggering ferroptosis. This study unveils a novel mechanism by which mutations in PCYT1A contribute to the development of IRDs, shedding light on the interplay between fatty acid metabolism and retinal degenerative diseases, and will provide new insights into the treatment of IRDs.
Intergenerational wealth transfer and family investment in shadow education: Empirical evidence from housing in China
Authors: Cao XuanHan , Chen Rongeng , Wu Haiquan , Li TianFeng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The widespread phenomenon of parents providing housing support for adult children in Chinese society constitutes a form of intergenerational transfer of wealth that constitutes one of the sources of family wealth accumulation and also has an impact on children's investment in education. This paper uses data from the China Household Income Survey (CHIP) in 2018 to examine the impact of intergenerational transfer of wealth in the form of housing support on household spending on shadow education and educational equity. The empirical results of this paper show that housing support significantly increase household shadow education expenditure, and the effect increases after controlling for the "house slave" effect. After solving the endogenous problem with propensity matching score (PSM) and instrumental variable method (IV), the conclusion still holds. Household income, subsistence consumption, and household financial assets constitute the influence channels of the relationship between housing support and shadow education expenditure. The heterogeneity analysis found that housing support had a greater impact on shadow education expenditure among low-income families than on middle- and upper-income families, promoting educational equity. In areas with low pressure on college entrance examinations, the impact of housing support on shadow education expenditure has been further strengthened, weakening educational equity.
Identification of F13A1 and SCCPDH as Potential Diagnostic Markers for Preeclampsia
Authors: Zheng Yihan , Fang Zhuanji , Wu Xizhu , Zhang Huale , Sun Pengming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious condition that affects pregnant women worldwide. This study aimed to identify diagnostic candidate genes for PE. Gene expression from a PE cohort and controls was analyzed using Limma and weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and module genes. Machine learning techniques were then used to identify immune-associated hub genes for PE diagnosis, resulting in the selection of two significant genes (F13A1 and SCCPDH). A nomogram and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were developed to evaluate the diagnostic value, which was high for both hub genes (AUC: 0.9 and 0.88, respectively). A deconvolution study also identified dysregulated immune cells in PE. Overall, this study provides potential diagnostic candidate genes for PE patients and highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment for this condition.
Health and non-health benefits and equity impacts of individual-level economic relief programs during epidemics/pandemics in high income settings: A Scoping Review
Authors: Ogunbameru Adeteju , Gebretekle Gebremedhin BeedMariam , Perryman Adrianna , Hassan Marian , Farrell Ashley , Liu Kaun , Mishra Sharmistha , Sander Beate 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Economic relief programs are strategies designed to sustain societal welfare and population health during a regional or global scale infectious disease outbreak. While economic relief programmes are considered essential during a regional or global health crisis, there is no clear consensus in the literature about their health and non-health benefits and their impact on promoting equity.
Methods
We conducted a scoping review, searching eight electronic databases from January 01, 2001, to April 3, 2023, using text words and subject headings for recent pathogens (coronavirus (COVID-19), Ebola, Influenza, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), HIV, West Nile, and Zika), and economic relief programs; but restricted eligibility to high-income countries and selected diseases due to volume. Title and abstract screening were conducted by trained reviewers and Distiller AI software. Data were extracted in duplicates by two trained reviewers using a pretested form, and key findings were charted using a narrative approach.
Results
We identified 27,263 de-duplicated records, of which 50 were eligible. Included studies were on COVID-19 and Influenza, published between 2014 and 2023. Zero eligible studies were on MERS, SARS, Zika, Ebola, or West Nile Virus. We identified seven program types of which cash transfer (n = 12) and vaccination or testing incentive (n = 9) were most common. Individual-level economic relief programs were reported to have varying degrees of impact on public health measures, and sometimes affected population health outcomes. Expanding paid sick leave programs had the highest number of studies reporting health-related outcomes and positively impacted public health measures (isolation, vaccination uptake) and health outcomes (case counts and the utilization of healthcare services). Equity impact was most often reported for cash transfer programs and incentive for vaccination programs. Positive effects on general well-being and non-health outcomes included improved mental well-being and quality of life, food security, financial resilience, and job security.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that individual-level economic relief programs can have significant impacts on public health measures, population health outcomes and equity. As countries prepare for future pandemics, our findings provide evidence to stakeholders to recognize health equity as a fundamental public health goal when designing pandemic preparedness policies.