bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A minimization principle for finite strain plasticity: incremental objectivity and immediate implementation
Authors: Lorentz Eric , Cano Valérie 
Published: December 2002

AbstractA finite strain plasticity formulation is proposed which meets several requirements that often appear contradictory. On a physical ground, it is based on a multiplicative split of the deformation, hyperelasticity for the reversible part of the behaviour and the maximal dissipation principle to define the evolution laws. On a numerical ground, it is incrementally objective and the integration over a time increment can be expressed as a minimization problem, a proper framework to examine the questions of existence and uniqueness of the solutions. Last but not least, the implementation is immediate since it relies on the same equations for finite and infinitesimal transformations. Finally, the formulationis applied to von Mises plasticity with isotropic linear hardening and introduced in the finite element software Code_Aster®. The numerical computation of a cantilever beam shows that it leads to results in good agreement with those obtain with common approaches. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diabetes and eating disorders in primary care
Authors: Goodwin Renee D. , Hoven Christina W. , Spitzer Robert L. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the relationship between diabetes and eating disorders among primary care patients.MethodData on 3,000 patients were obtained from eight primary care and family practice settings, including the PRIME‐MD Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), self‐reported physical illness, and social functioning information. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between diabetes and eating disorders.ResultsDiabetes was associated with an increased likelihood of eating disorders [OR=2.3 (1.4, 3.9)], after adjusting for differences in demographic characteristics and comorbid mental disorders. This effect was specific to diabetes. Eating disorder was the only mental disorder associated with a significantly increased risk of diabetes, odds ratio (OR) =2.4 (1.4, 4.0), after adjusting for demographic characteristics and comorbid mental and physical disorders. Patients with both diabetes and eating disorders had significantly higher levels of comorbid anxiety, panic attacks, and alcohol use disorders, compared with those with one but not both.DiscussionConsistent with reports from community‐based samples, these data suggest that diabetes may be associated with an increased likelihood of eating disorders among patients in primary care. Clinicians who treat patients with diabetes, a common condition in primary care, should screen for eating disorders. In addition, patients with eating disorders may be at risk for the development of diabetes. Further work is needed to determine the generalizability of these findings and to understand the mechanism of this association. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 33: 85–91, 2003.
Seasonal variations in eating disorder subtypes in Japan
Authors: Yamatsuji Masaki , Yamashita Tatsuhisa , Arii Ichiro , Taga Chiaki , Tatara Naoki , Fukui Kenji 
Published: December 2002

AbstractObjectiveThis study estimated the degree of seasonal changes in eating disorder subtypes in Japan.MethodA Japanese version of the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ) was mailed to 228 outpatients with eating disorders in Kyoto (latitude 35° 01′ N). Ninety responses were analyzed. The mean of the global seasonality score (GSS) in the SPAQ and the comorbidity rate of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and subsyndromal‐SAD in each subtype were used as indices of seasonality.ResultsThe mean (8.2) of the GSS of the bulimia nervosa (BN) group and the sum (43%) of the comorbidity rates of SAD and subsyndromal‐SAD in the BN group were significantly higher than those in the nonclinical comparison group.DiscussionThe seasonality of BN in Kyoto is the highest among eating disorder subtypes, although lower than that in North America. This finding suggests that light therapy could be useful for Japanese BN patients. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 33: 71–77, 2003.
Healthy weight control and dissonance‐based eating disorder prevention programs: Results from a controlled trial
Authors: Stice Eric , Trost Ariel , Chase Allison 
Published: December 2002

AbstractObjectiveBecause universal psychoeducational eating disorder prevention programs have had little success, we developed and evaluated two interventions for high‐risk populations: a healthy weight control intervention and a dissonance‐based intervention.MethodAdolescent girls (N = 148) with body image concerns were randomized to one of these interventions or to a waitlist control group. Participants completed baseline, termination, and 1, 3, and 6‐month follow‐up surveys.ResultsParticipants in both interventions reported decreased thin‐ideal internalization, negative affect, and bulimic symptoms at termination and follow‐up relative to controls. However, no effects were observed for body dissatisfaction or dieting and effects diminished over time.DiscussionResults provide evidence that both interventions effectively reduce bulimic pathology and risk factors for eating disturbances. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 33: 10–21, 2003.
Brain tissue volume segmentation in patients with anorexia nervosa before and after weight normalization
Authors: Swayze Victor W. , Andersen Arnold E. , Andreasen Nancy C. , Arndt Stephan , Sato Yutaka , Ziebell Steve 
Published: December 2002

AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether gray and white matter volumes are preferentially reduced and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) increased with starvation in patients with anorexia nervosa compared with healthy controls and to determine what changes occur with weight normalization.MethodWhole intracranial volumes of patients and controls were segmented into gray matter, white matter, and CSF volumes and results compared. A subgroup of patients were rescanned after weight normalization.ResultsTotal white matter and several regional white matter volumes were significantly reduced and total and regional CSF volumes were significantly increased in patients versus controls whereas gray matter was not significantly reduced. Total and regional CSF volumes were significantly decreased in patients upon weight normalization whereas white and gray matter volumes increased.DiscussionThese changes in brain tissue may be related to a variety of pathophysio logic mechanisms. We hypothesize that insulin‐like growth factor‐1 may be involved. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 33: 33–44, 2003.
Substance use and weight loss tactics among middle school youth
Authors: Garry Joseph P. , Morrissey Susan L. , Whetstone Lauren M. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractObjectiveDiet pills (DP) and vomiting or laxative (VL) use as weight loss tactics are associated with substance use in older adolescent populations. This study examined the association of weight loss tactics and substance use among middle school students.MethodsA Youth Risk Behavior Survey was administered to 6,957 middle school students in eastern North Carolina. Multiple logistic regression examined substance use as predictors of DP and VL use.ResultsDP and VL use was reported by 6.0% and 7.1% of students, respectively, with each reported more frequently by females and White students. Regression analysis demonstrated alcohol, cigarette, or marijuana use as predictors for individual race/gender groups whereas steroid use was a predictor for all race/gender groups. We found a clustering effect of alcohol and cigarette use with both DP and VL use.DiscussionSubstance use is associated with weight loss tactics as early as middle school. More research in the areas of clustering of behaviors and age at onset is needed. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 33: 55–63, 2003.
Assessment of eating disorders in adolescents with anorexia nervosa: Self‐report questionnaire versus interview
Authors: Passi Vandana A. , Bryson Susan W. , Lock James 
Published: December 2002

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) with the self‐report version (EDE‐Q) in a population of adolescents with anorexia nervosa.MethodTwenty‐eight adolescent women meeting criteria for anorexia nervosa were assessed using both measures. The self‐report version (EDE‐Q) was given both before and (Time 1) after (Time 2) administration of the interview‐based version (EDE).ResultsThe results comparing the EDE with the EDE‐Q at Time 1 were consistent with previous studies. Specifically, high correlations were generated on each of the four subscales (Dietary Restraint, Eating Concern, Shape Concern, Weight Concern) where the EDE‐Q consistently overestimated the EDE. However, significant differences between the two measures were found on all subscales except Dietary Restraint. Agreement was best for the Weight Concern subscale and worst for the Eating Concern subscales. Comparing the EDE with the EDE‐Q at Time 2, agreement improved for all subscales whereas significant differences were found on only two of the four subscales (Eating Concern and Shape Concern).DiscussionAdolescents with anorexia nervosa report information on the EDE‐Q as well as any of the other populations that have been studied. The results suggest that providing information to participants before they complete the self‐report measure could improve scores on the EDE‐Q. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 33: 45–54, 2003.
Pneumomediastinum simulating a panic attack in a patient with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Karim Anita , Ahmed Shahid , Rossoff Leonard 
Published: December 2002

AbstractObjectivePneumomediastinum is a rare complication of anorexia nervosa. Although the mechanism is unknown, severe malnutrition may affect lung mechanics by altering the connective tissue, predisposing to pneumomediastinum.MethodWe describe a young male with anorexia nervosa and panic disorder who presented with symptoms similar to those of a panic attack and was diagnosed with spontaneous pneumomediastinum.ResultsThis case illustrates the importance of considering pneumomediastinum in the differential diagnosis of panic attack in patients with eating disorders.DiscussionAlthough spontaneous pneumomediastinum has a generally benign course, it must be differentiated from the potentially life‐threatening secondary pneumomediastinum due to an esophageal tear. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 33: 104–107, 2003.
Olanzapine use as an adjunctive treatment for hospitalized children with anorexia nervosa: Case reports
Authors: Boachie Ahmed , Goldfield Gary S. , Spettigue Wendy 
Published: December 2002

AbstractObjectiveA recent case report suggested that olanzapine resulted in improved weight gain and maintenance, as well as decreased anxiety and agitation, for two hospitalized inpatients with anorexia nervosa (AN). However, a subsequent larger case study did not show a relationship between the use of olanzapine and rate of weight gain among a primarily adult population. The aim of this case report was to clinically examine the therapeutic benefit and tolerability of olanzapine as an adjunctive treatment for four children with AN in a pediatric inpatient setting.ResultsOlanzapine use was associated with considerable weight gain and maintenance, with an average rate of weight gain during hospitalization of 0.99 kg per week. In addition to weight gain, olanzapine was associated with a clinically notable decrease in levels of agitation and premeal anxiety and almost immediate improvement in sleep, general functioning, and overall compliance with treatment. Olanzapine was also well tolerated in these young patients.DiscussionThese case report findings warrant more controlled research, including randomized controlled studies, to better determine the therapeutic benefits and safety of olanzapine use in children with AN. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 33: 98–103, 2003.
Non‐linear additive Schwarz preconditioners and application in computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Cai Xiao‐Chuan , Keyes David E. , Marcinkowski Leszek 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThe focus of this paper is on the numerical solution of large sparse non‐linear systems of algebraic equations on parallel computers. Such non‐linear systems often arise from the discretization of non‐linear partial differential equations, such as the Navier–Stokes equations for fluid flows, using finite element or finite difference methods. A traditional inexact Newton method, applied directly to the discretized system, does not work well when the non‐linearities in the algebraic system become unbalanced. In this paper, we study some preconditioned inexact Newton algorithms, including the single‐level and multilevel non‐linear additive Schwarz preconditioners. Some results for solving the high Reynolds number incompressible Navier–Stokes equations are reported. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Apoptosis induced by cryo‐injury in human colorectal cancer cells is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Yang Weng‐Lang , Addona Tommaso , Nair Deepak G. , Qi Lixin , Ravikumar T. S. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractCryotherapy, a method of in situ ablation, is used in the treatment of colorectal liver metastases with variable results. During the treatment, the central area of treated tumor undergoes necrotic destruction by lethal cryo‐injury; however, the cellular response of tumor exposed to sublethal cryo‐injury at the peripheral zone is unclear. In our study, we have identified the induction of apoptosis by cryo‐injury at −10°C in 4 colorectal cancer cell lines (HT29, HCT116, KM12C and KM12SM). The apoptosis was characterized by chromatin condensation, transferase‐mediated dUTP nick end‐labeling (TUNEL) staining, proteolytic cleavage of poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) and cytokeratin 18, and activation of caspase‐3. The occurrence and intensity of cryo‐induced apoptosis did not correlate with the functional status of p53 in the cell lines studied. The expression of anti‐apoptotic proteins (Bcl‐2, Bcl‐XL) and pro‐apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bcl‐XS, Bad, and Bak) in response to cryo‐injury varied in this cell line panel. The basal level of Bcl‐2/Bax protein ratio correlated inversely to the apoptotic rate. We further demonstrated that Bax level decreased in cytosol and increased in mitochondria, followed by a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential after cryo‐injury in HT29 cells. These findings indicate that cryo‐injury induces apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells via disruption of mitochondrial integrity. The cryo‐induced apoptosis was also identified in a nude mouse tumor xenograft model. Our elucidation of the apoptosis pathway induced by cryo‐injury implies that synergistic combination of cryosurgery with pharmacological agents that augment of apoptosis induction may have clinical relevance in treating colorectal liver metastasis. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The stochastic volatility in mean model: empirical evidence from international stock markets
Authors: Koopman Siem Jan , Hol Uspensky Eugenie 
Published: December 2002

AbstractIn this paper we present an exact maximum likelihood treatment for the estimation of a Stochastic Volatility in Mean (SVM) model based on Monte Carlo simulation methods. The SVM model incorporates the unobserved volatility as an explanatory variable in the mean equation. The same extension is developed elsewhere for Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (ARCH) models, known as the ARCH in Mean (ARCH‐M) model. The estimation of ARCH models is relatively easy compared with that of the Stochastic Volatility (SV) model. However, efficient Monte Carlo simulation methods for SV models have been developed to overcome some of these problems. The details of modifications required for estimating the volatility‐in‐mean effect are presented in this paper together with a Monte Carlo study to investigate the finite sample properties of the SVM estimators. Taking these developments of estimation methods into account, we regard SV and SVM models as practical alternatives to their ARCH counterparts and therefore it is of interest to study and compare the two classes of volatility models. We present an empirical study of the intertemporal relationship between stock index returns and their volatility for the United Kingdom, the United States and Japan. This phenomenon has been discussed in the financial economic literature but has proved hard to find empirically. We provide evidence of a negative but weak relationship between returns and contemporaneous volatility which is indirect evidence of a positive relation between the expected components of the return and the volatility process. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biocompatibility investigation and urea removal from blood by urease‐immobilized HEMA incorporated poly(ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate) microbeads
Authors: Ayhan F. , Yousefi Rad A. , Ayhan H. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThe biocompatibility of modified and urease‐immobilized poly(ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate/2‐hydroxyethylmetacrylate) [poly(EGDMA/HEMA)] microbeads was tested through blood compatibility tests. Twelve percent HEMA incorporated nonporous particles of 105–125 μm were used in the research. Hydroxyl groups on microbeads were chemically modified by following a three‐step procedure that is composed of activation, spacer‐arm incorporation (hexamethylene diamine) and, finally, glutaraldehyde bounding. Enzyme urease was immobilized on microbead surfaces, and adsorption of blood proteins in serum and plasma, blood coagulation time, and leukocyte and platelet adhesion were tested. Incubation of 1.5 cc of biological fluid with 100 mg of urease‐immobilized poly(EGDMA/HEMA) microbeads at room temperature shows that protein adsorption on surfaces occurs, but protein content after treatment was in the range of healthy people. Adsorbed albumin and total globulin amounts per gram of microbeads is much greater than fibrinogen. Immobilization of urease reduced the protein adsorption and blood coagulation times compared with those of modified microbeads. Prothrombin time (PT) was not altered much, whereas poly(EGDMA/HEMA) microbeads induced a significant increase of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). The platelet and leukocyte adhesion slightly increased with the modification of poly(EGDMA/HEMA) and decreased with the introduction of urease. When blood samples were treated with urease‐immobilized microbeads, BUN values of patients were lowered to almost acceptable amounts. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 64B: 13–18, 2003
Shear bond strength between titanium alloys and composite resin: Sandblasting versus fluoride‐gel treatment
Authors: Lim Bum‐Soon , Heo Seok‐Mo , Lee Yong‐Keun , Kim Cheol‐We 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fluoride gel treatment on the bond strength between titanium alloys and composite resin, and the effect of NaF solution on the bond strength of titanium alloys. Five titanium alloys and one Co‐Cr‐Mo alloy were tested. Surface of the alloys were treated with three different methods; SiC polishing paper (No. 2000), sandblasting (50‐μm Al2O3), and commercially available acidulated phosphate fluoride gel (F− = 1.23%, pH 3.0). After treatment, surfaces of alloy were analyzed by SEM/EDXA. A cylindrical gelatin capsule was filled with a light‐curable composite resin. The composite resin capsule was placed on the alloy surface after the application of bonding agent, and the composite resin was light cured for 30 s in four different directions. Shear bond strength was measured with the use of an Instron. Fluoride gel did not affect the surface properties of Co‐Cr‐Mo alloy and Ni‐Ti alloy, but other titanium alloys were strongly affected. Alloys treated with the fluoride gel showed similar bond strengths to the alloys treated with sandblasting. Shear bond strength did not show a significant difference (p < 0.05) regardless of treatment time (5, 10, and 20 min) of fluoride gel. After the ultrasonic cleaning subsequent to the fluoride‐gel treatment, residues of fluoride ion or any other titanium‐fluoride complexes were not detected. NaF solution did not reduce the shear bond strength of titanium alloys. To enhance the bond strength of composite resin to titanium alloys, fluoride‐gel treatment may be used as an alternative technique to the sandblasting treatment. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 64B: 38–43, 2003
A radiopaque polymeric matrix for acrylic bone cements
Authors: Artola A. , Goñi I. , Gil J. , Ginebra P. , Manero J. M. , Gurruchaga M. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractAs part of the search for an alternative to inorganic radiopaque agents, this work studies the possibility of modifying bone cement formulations by incorporating a radiopaque monomer, that is, 4‐iodophenol methacrylate (IPMA), in the liquid phase. The monomer was synthesized in the laboratory, and cements were prepared by the standard method. The influence on the different cement characteristics of various monomer concentrations was studied. It was seen that the setting time decreased as the percentage of monomer increased. The radiopacity attained in the 15 vol.% IPMA formulations was about the same as that for a cement containing 10 wt.% barium sulphate. Dynamic and static mechanical properties were measured. The materials did not show significant differences in the glass transition temperature. However, static mechanical properties showed enhanced compressive strength, tensile strength, and elastic modulus with respect to conventional cements formulated with barium sulphate. Histological studies showed a good response of muscular tissue to implanted specimens. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 64B: 44–55, 2003
Ultrastructure of the placentae of the natricine snake, virginia striatula (reptilia: squamata)
Authors: Stewart James R. , Brasch Klaus R. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractVirginia striatula is a viviparous snake with a complex pattern of embryonic nutrition. Nutrients for embryonic development are provided by large, yolked eggs, supplemented by placental transfer. Placentation in this species is surprisingly elaborate for a predominantly lecithotrophic squamate reptile. The embryonic–maternal interface consists of three structurally distinct areas, an omphalallantoic placenta and a regionally diversified chorioallantoic placenta. The chorioallantoic placenta over the embryonic hemisphere (paramesometrial region) of the egg, features close apposition of embryonic and uterine blood vessels because of the attenuate form of the interceding epithelial cells. The periphery of the chorioallantoic placenta, which is adjacent to the omphalallantoic placenta, is characterized by a simple cuboidal uterine epithelium apposed to a stratified cuboidal chorionic epithelium. There are no sites with attenuate epithelial cells and close vascular apposition. The morphology of the omphalallantoic placenta is similar to that of the peripheral chorioallantoic placenta, except that the height of uterine epithelial cells is greater and allantoic blood vessels are not associated with the embryonic epithelium. The functional capabilities of the three placental regions are not known, but structural characteristics suggest that the omphalallantoic placenta and peripheral zone of the chorioallantoic placenta are sites of nutritional provision via histotrophy. The paramesometrial region of the chorioallantoic placenta is also nutritive, in addition to functioning as the primary embryonic respiratory system. The structure of the chorioallantoic placenta of V. striatula is a new placental morphotype for squamate reptiles that is not represented by a classic model for the evolution of reptilian placentation. J. Morphol. 255:177–201, 2003. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.