bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protection against feline leukemia virus infection by use of an inactivated virus vaccine
Authors: Hoover Edward A. , Perigo Nancy A. , Quackenbush Sandra L. , Mathiason-DuBard Candace K. , Overbaugh Julie M. , Kloetzer William S. , Elder John H. , Mullins James I. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
The protective immunity induced by 3 experimental FeLV vaccines were evaluated: Prototype inactivated FeLV vaccine developed from a molecularly cloned FeLV isolate (FeLV-faids-61E-A); a mixture of immunodominant synthetic peptides corresponding to regions of the FeLV-Gardner-Arnstein-B (FeLV-GA-B) envelope proteins; and an adjuvant-disrupted but non-activated virus prepared from a non-cloned FeLV field isolate comprised of subgroup A and B viruses (FeLV-05821-AB). Included as controls were parallel groups of cats inoculated with adjuvants alone or with an established commercial FeLV vaccine. After each inoculation and after virulent virus challenge exposure, sera from all cats were assayed for elisa-reactive antibody against purified FeLV, FeLV neutralizing (vn) antibody, and FeLV antigenemia/viremia—viral p27 antigen in serum and within circulating leukocytes. Immunity was challenged by oral/nasal exposure of vaccinated and control cats with FeLV-faids-61E-A or FeLV-05821-AB, an infective. noncloned, tissue-origin, FeLV field isolate containing suhgroup-A and -B viruses. Vaccine-induced immunity was assessed by comparing the postchallenge-exposure incidence of persistent viremia and the pre- and postchallenge exposure titers of vn and elisa antibody in cats of the control and vaccine groups. The percentage of cats that resisted development of persistent viremia after FeLV challenge exposure and the preventable fraclion (pf) for the vaccine groups (which adjusts for the severity of the challenge and the degree of innate resistance in the controls) were as allows: adjuvant controls, 26%; FeLV-faids-61E-A inactivated virus vaccine, 95% (pf = 93.2%); FeLV-GA-B peptide vaccine, 5% (−28.4%); FeLV- 05821-AB noninactivated vaccine, 67% (55.4%); and commercial FeLV vaccine, 35% (12.2%). The prechallenge exposure mean vn antibody titer for each group was: <1:8 in the adjuvant controls; 1:43 in the FeLV-faids-61E-A-vaccinated cats; <1:8 in the peptide-vaccinated cats; 1:38 in the noninactivated virus-vaccinated cats group; and 1:12 in the cats vaccinated with the commercial vaccine. Thus, induction of vn antibody in the vaccinated cats, although modest, appeared to be correlated with induction of protective immunity as defined by resistance to FeLV challenge exposure. Results of these studies indicate that inoculation of cats with an experimental inactivated virus vaccine prepared from a molecularly cloned FeLV isolate was most effective in stimulating protective immunity against heterologous and homologous FeLV challenge exposure.
Brachygnathia in horses: 20 cases (1979-1989)
Authors: Gift Lisa J. , DeBowes Richard M. , Clem Michael F. , Rashmir-Raven Ann , Nyrop Karen A. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
The medical records of 20 horses admitted to the veterinary medical center with a diagnosis of brachygnathia over a 10-year period (1979 to 1989) were reviewed. The study included 18 foals and 2 adult horses. Males were affected 5.7 times more frequently than females. The amount of disparity between the mandible and premaxilla varied between 0.75 and 3 cm. Sixteen foals were treated surgically with the temporary application of premaxillary tension band devices. Thirteen of the 16 surgical cases were available for follow-up evaluation. All of the surgically treated animals had improved incisive occlusion, and 6 foals had complete resolution of the deformity with corrections ranging from 0.75 to 2.5 cm. Complete correction of the malocclusion was more likely to occur if foals were treated when they were ≤ 6 months old. The average amount of correction achieved in foals treated when they were ≤ 6 months old was 1.5 cm. (range, 0.75 to 2.5 cm). Foals treated, when they were 7 to 12 months old, had an average of 0.6 cm of reduction in the malocclusion (range, 0.25 to 1 cm). Implant failure was the most common complication and occurred in 9 of the 13 foals treated surgically.
Serologic and bacteriologic test results after adult vaccination with strain 19 in three dairy herds infected with brucellosis
Authors: Breitmeyer Richard E. , Hird David W. , Carpenter Tim E. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Milk culture data and serologic test results were evaluated after adult vaccination with Brucella abortus strain 19 in cattle of 3 large California dairy herds infected with brucellosis. Strain-19 organisms were isolated by culture of milk from 1.9% of the vaccinated cows. Isolation of field strain of B abortus varied directly with magnitude of complement-fixation (cf) and rivanol titers. At time of milk culture, 74% of cows from which field strain was isolated had cf titer ≥ 160, compared with 58% of cows from which strain 19 was isolated. Cows with cf titer ≥160 at 2 months or ≥80 to 4 months after adult vaccination were more likely to be correctly classified as reactors (on the basis of subsequent milk culture results and/or persistently high serologic titer) than were cows with lower cf titer at these times. Cows from which B abortus strain 19 was isolated from milk were more likely to maintain persistent serologic titer than were cows from which neither strain of B abortus was isolated.
Morphometric evaluation of growth in llamas (Lama glama) from birth to maturity
Authors: Smith Bradford B. , Timm Karen I. , Reed Pamela J. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Normal growth characteristics of llamas (Lama glama) were evaluated from conception until 1 week after parturition in pregnant females (study 1) and from 1 month after birth to maturity (study 2). In study 1, pregnant multiparous llamas (n = 10) were measured at monthly intervals from conception until 1 week after parturition; in study 2, llamas (n = 270) were measured once. Body weight of pregnant llamas (study 1) did not increase significantly until after the eighth month of pregnancy. Llamas of study 2 reached mature height, length, thoracic circumference, and weight at 18, 24, 36, and 36 months of age, respectively. From 1 month of age to maturity, the growth characteristics of males, nonpregnant females, and females during the first 8 months of pregnancy did not differ. Correlations (r2) between height, length, and thoracic circumference related to body weight for all but the pregnant llamas during the last 3 months of pregnancy were 0.822, 0.834, and 0.948, respectively. The equation describing thoracic circumference as a predictor of body weight was:
Epidemiologic features of von Willebrand's disease in Doberman Pinschers, Scottish Terriers, and Shetland Sheepdogs: 260 cases (1984-1988)
Authors: Brooks Marjory , Dodds W. Jean , Raymond Sharon L. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
During a study period from 1985 through 1988, plasma von Willebrand's factor antigen (vWF:Ag) concentration was measured as a marker for prevalence of the von Willebrand's disease (vWD) trait in Doberman Pinschers (doberman, n = 5,554), Scottish Terriers (scottie, n = 1,363), and Shetland Sheepdogs (sheltie, n = 4,279). Significant increase in prevalence of the trait was seen in scotties and shelties during this period. In 1988, 73% of dobermans, 30% of scotties, and 28% of shelties tested had abnormal vWF:Ag concentration (<50% vWF:Ag).
We found significant differences between breeds with respect to age and vWF:Ag concentration of clinically affected dogs at time of diagnosis. The affected dobermans were older (doberman mean age, 4.6 years; scottie mean age, 1.7 years; sheltie mean age, 1.9 years) and had higher concentration of plasma vWF:Ag (doberman mean vWF:Ag, 15%; scottie mean vWF:Ag, 0%; sheltie mean vWF:Ag, 8%). Bleeding in affected dogs of all 3 breeds was observed predominantly from mucosal surfaces and from cutaneous sites of surgery or trauma. The most common site of mucosal bleeding in scotties and shelties was oral or nasal cavity, and in dobermans was the urogenital tract.
Differences in clinical manifestations of vWD in purebred dogs may reflect heterogeneous defects within the vWF gene, causing a variety of abnormalities in production, structure, and function of vWF protein. Analogous to vWD in human beings, acquired deficiencies of vWF may also contribute to the clinical variability of vWD in dogs.
Treatment of lead poisoning in wild geese
Authors: Murase Toshiyuki , Ikeda Tomio , Goto Ikuo , Yamato Osamu , Jin Kazuo , Maede Yoshimitsu 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Twenty-seven wild geese (Anser albifrons) suffering from lead poisoning caused by ingestion of lead shot were treated with disodium calcium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. The concentration of lead in blood ranged from 0.4 to 23.0 μg/ml, with a mean concentration of 5.6 μg/ml. In 22 of the birds, 1 to 48 lead pellets (mean, 10.5 pellets/bird) were seen on radiographs of their gizzards. Eleven of 27 birds recovered 3 to 8 weeks after the initiation of treatment. In the birds that recovered, the lead pellets were rapidly eroded as the birds recovered their appetites in response to treatment, and disappeared radiographically between treatment days 17 and 52. The birds that did not survive died within 4 weeks, despite decreased concentrations of lead in blood. Of these 16 birds, 15 had radiographic evidence of impaction of the proventriculus at the first examination and no evidence of resolution of the impaction at the time of death. In contrast, only 2 of the 11 geese that recovered had impaction of the proventriculus at the time of admission. Thus, the condition of the proventriculus seems to be the first consideration to evaluate in the prognosis of lead poisoning in geese.
Clinical and laboratory findings associated with actual or suspected azoospermia in dogs: 18 cases (1979–1990)
Authors: Olson Patricia N. , Schultheiss Patricia , Seim Howard B. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Eighteen dogs were evaluated far azoospermia, 8 of which had sired pups. On the basis of history, physical examination, and various laboratory evaluations, the cause and site of azoospermia varied. Two dogs that had never sired pups had likely been azoospermic from puberty (congenital azoospermia). Two dogs were azoospermic as a result of tumors (Sertoli cell tumor and malignant astrocytoma of the pituitary gland). Deposits of IgG were observed in testicular biopsy samples, which suggested an autoimmune cause for azoospermia in 5 dogs. One of the 5 dogs with IgG deposits in testicular tissues also had evidence of immune-mediated thyroiditis. Culturing of microbes in the semen was not helpful in determining potential causes of azoospermia, and results did not correlate with organisms isolated from testicular biopsy samples or with the finding of inflammation in biopsy samples. Because 6 dogs had relatives with histories of reproductive dysfunction, inbreeding also must be considered when evaluating dogs for azoospermia.
Frequency of reisolation of Staphylococcus aureus from multiple sequential milk samples
Authors: Adams D. Scott , Hancock Dale , Fox Lawrence , McDonald John S. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Bacterial cultures were performed on multiple sequential composite samples of milk from 1,172 cows in 9 dairy herds. If the initial diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus infection was based on the first positive culture, an average of 37.8% of subsequent cultures on the same cows were negative for S aureus. However, if the initial diagnosis of S aureus infection was confirmed by 2 or 2 of 3 sequential positive cultures and any conversions from S aureus positive to negative were confirmed by 2 or 2 of 3 sequential negative cultures, then only 17.0% converted to a negative diagnosis. Conversion of cows from S aureus culture-positive to -negative varied between herds; 8.1 to 69% for single cultures and 0.0 to > 40% for confirmed cultures.
Lymphoma involving large granular lymphocytes in cats: 11 cases (1982-1991)
Authors: Wellman Maxey L. , Hammer Alan S. , DiBartola Stephen P. , Carothers Marcia A. , Kociba Gary J. , Rojko Jennifer L. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Medical records of 11 cats with lymphoma involving large granular lymphocytes were reviewed. All 9 cats tested were FeLV-negative. Ten cats had a history of anorexia, lethargy, vomiting, or diarrhea, and had lymphoma involving abdominal viscera. The most common site of tumor in these cats was the jejunum. One cat had cutaneous masses caused by dermal and epidermal infiltration with neoplastic large granular lymphocytes. The most common hematologic abnormality was leukocytosis, characterized by neutrophilia with a left shift (7 cats); 2 cats had a left shift without neutrophilia. None of the cats had lymphocytosis, but immature large granular lymphocytes were found in the blood of 4 cats. The most common serum biochemical abnormalities were hypoalbuminemia (10 cats), hypocalcemia (10 cats), hypoproteinemia (9 cats), high aspartate transaminase activity (9 cats), and hyperbilirubinemia (8 cats).
Large granular lymphocytes were characterized by abundant cytoplasm containing distinct azurophilic granules that varied in size and number. The most common cytochemical staining pattern included detection of α-naphthyl butyrate esterase, acid phosphatase, and β-glucuronidase activities. On examination of histologic sections, granules stained weakly eosinophilic with Giemsa and moderately with periodic acid-Schiff reaction. Ultrastructurally, the granules appeared membrane bound and contained an electron-dense matrix in 4 cats.
Efficacy of microcrystalline desoxycorticosterone pivalate for treatment of hypoadrenocorticism in dogs
Authors: Lynn Randy C. , Feldman Edward C. , Nelson Richard W. , _ _ 
Published: December 2023

Summary:
The efficacy of microcrystalline desoxycorticosterone pivalate (docp) therapy was evaluated in 60 dogs with hypoadrenocorticism. Fifty-one of the dogs were being treated with either docp or fludrocortisone acetate prior to entering the study. The disease had been recently diagnosed in 9 dogs that were not under maintenance treatment prior to entering the study. Desoxycorticosterone pivalate (2.2 mg/kg of body weight, im) was administered on days 0, 25, and 50. Physical examination was performed, and blood samples were obtained for serum biochemical analysis (Na+, K+, and bun concentrations) on days 0, 14, 25, 39, 50, 64, and 75. On day 75 of the study, a final physical examination was performed and the course of treatment was evaluated.
Sixty-eight percent (41/60) of the dogs had normal physical findings on day 0 vs 87% (52/60) on day 75. Mean (±sd) body weight increased from 24.8 ± 12.7 kg on day 0 to 26.2 ± 13.7 kg on day 75. Mean serum Na+ (137.7 ± 8.5 mEq/L) and K+ (5.6 1.0 mEq/L) concentrations and Na+-to-K+ ratio (25.4 ± 5.0:1) were outside normal reference limits on day 0. By day 75, serum Na+ (144.3 ± 4.8 mEq/L) and K+ (4.9 ± 0.8 mEq/L) concentrations and Na+-to-K+ ratio (30.4 ± 5.1:1) were normal and were significantly (P < 0.01) improved, compared with the corresponding values on day 0.
Of the 60 dogs, 58 (97%) regained the loss in body weight, appetite, and muscular strength while given docp; once achieved, these improvements were maintained. These 58 dogs did not vomit or have diarrhea, common problems in dogs with hypoadrenocorticism. The mineralocorticoid (docp) alone was not adequate to correct all clinical signs associated with endogenous mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid deficiencies, which are typical of hypoadrenocorticism in dogs. Thus, 22 of the 58 dogs had glucocorticoid-responsive clinical signs of disease (lethargy, n = 10; anorexia, n = 8; weakness and hypoadrenal crisis, n = 2 each). These signs resolved in response to initiation of glucocorticoid therapy (prednisolone, 2.5 mg/d, po) and/or adjustments in docp dose or dosing interval. Ten dogs developed polyuria, polydipsia, or both during the study; these signs improved when the dose of prednisolone (n = 9) or docp (n = 1) was reduced. All owners but 1 chose to continue docp therapy after the trial ended, and all dogs remained free of clinical signs associated with hypoadrenocorticism for at least 1 year after the study ended.
Upward fixation of the patella in cattle: 38 cases (1984-1990)
Authors: Baird A. N. , Angel K. L. , Moll H. D. , Wolfe D. F. , Morris D. L. , Welch R. D. , Hooper R. N. , Wenzel J. G. W. 
Published: December 2023

Summary:
Case records of cattle admitted to 2 university veterinary hospitals during 6 years were evaluated to determine the age, breed, sex, and treatment of cattle with upward fixation of the patella. Affected cattle were compared with those from the respective hospital populations of cattle admitted during the same time.
Of 38 cattle with upward fixation of the patella, 34 were treated surgically. Follow-up evaluation was obtained from owners of 28 of the treated cattle. Surgery was successful in eliminating all clinical signs in 25 of the 28 cattle. There was an increased risk of upward fixation of the patella associated with Brahman and Brahman-type cattle, compared with non-Brahman cattle.
Pathologic correlations with magnetic resonance images of osteochondrosis lesions in canine shoulders
Authors: van Bree Henri , Degryse Hendrik , Van Ryssen Bernadette , Ramon Frank , Desmidt Mick 
Published: December 2023

Summary:
Twelve shoulders in 6 dogs with clinical and radiographic evidence of osteochondrosis were examined by magnetic resonance imaging performed on a 0.5-T superconductive system. Scans were obtained with 5-mm-thick slices and 0.75-mm pixel size. Unenhanced T1-weighted spin-echo and unenhanced T2*-weighted gradient-echo images were obtained, using a high-resolution surface coil. The T1-weighted sequences were repeated after iv injection of 0.1 mmol of gadopentetate dimeglumine/kg of body weight (0.2 ml/kg). In 6 joints, histologic examination of synovia and articular cartilage was carried out.
The magnetic resonance images were correlated with arthrographic, arthroscopic, and histologic findings. Magnetic resonance imaging was useful in evaluating the extent of subchondral lesions and the severity of inflammatory changes within the subchondral bone. Areas of low signal (visible subchondrally on T1-weighted images that were enhanced by administration of contrast medium) indicated active inflammatory changes within the subchondral bone. Although articular cartilage discontinuity could be detected, loose cartilage flaps could not always be reliably demonstrated. Signal inhomogeneity within the articular cartilage was presumed to correspond with zones of cartilage degeneration.
Prognosis after surgical excision of cerebral meningiomas in cats: 17 cases (1986–1992)
Authors: Gallagher Jack G. , Berg John , Knowles Kim E. , Williams Leslie L. , Bronson Roderick T. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Long-term follow-up information was obtained for 17 cats with cerebral meningiomas treated by surgical excision. Three cats died or were euthanatized in the immediate postoperative period: 2 cats, because of brain herniation and 1 cat, because of acute renal failure. In the remaining 14 cats, most clinical signs resolved within 1 week of surgery. Three cats (21.4%) had confirmed or presumed local tumor recurrence. Two of these cats developed recurrent neurologic signs, and died or were euthanatized at 3 and 9 months, respectively, after surgery. One cat was euthanatized for an unrelated problem 72 months after surgery, and on postmortem examination, had a recurrent meningioma at the surgery site. The remaining 11 cats (78.6%) did not develop evidence of local tumor recurrence within follow-up periods ranging from 18 to 47 months (median, 27 months).
Selection of Quarter Horses affected with hyperkalemic periodic paralysis by show judges
Authors: Naylor Jonathan Μ. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Thirty offspring of a Quarter Horse sire, affected by hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (hpp), were examined electromyographically. On the basis of the detection of or lack of spontaneous activity with high frequency myotonic or pseudomyotonic discharges, the horses were diagnosed as being affected (14 horses) or unaffected (16 horses) with hpp. The show performance of these horses was evaluated for the first 3 to 9 years of their life by use of American Quarter Horse Association records. Horses affected with hpp performed significantly (P < 0.01) better in halter classes than did unaffected horses; mean halter points for the 2 groups were 11.9 and 0.4, respectively. The mean total performance points were not significantly different. None of the offspring had a successful racing record.
Effects of storage time and temperature on ionized calcium concentration in bovine and ovine blood, plasma, and serum
Authors: Szenci Ottó , Németh Ferenc , Stollár Zsuzsanna , Brydl Endre 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Stability of ionized calcium (Ca2+) concentration and pH values in bovine and ovine venous samples (n = 12 in each group) stored at 4 C for 3, 9, 24, and 48 hours (blood, plasma, and serum) or for 240 hours (plasma and serum), and at −20 C for 240 hours (plasma and serum), was studied. Storage of bovine and ovine blood, plasma, and serum samples at 4 C for up to 48 hours and of ovine serum samples at 4 C for up to 240 hours, despite appreciable pH changes, was associated with < 2.0% change in blood, plasma, and serum Ca2+ concentrations. Therefore, Ca2+ concentration in bovine and ovine venous blood, plasma, and serum samples stored up to 48 hours, and in ovine serum samples stored up to 240 hours, at 4 C is of diagnostic use.
A research feasibility assessment of regulatory information systems capacities for investigation of epidemiologic factors in Pseudorabies
Authors: Miller Lawrence E. , Cowen Peter , Honeycutt Thomas L. , Morrow W. E. Morgan , Hueston William D. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Pseudorabies (pr) outbreak-investigation forms from 10 states having the most pr-infected herds were evaluated for agreement in question response-data type, information intent, and outbreak information categories. A question randomly selected from an investigation form had 0.6304 probability of being unique to a single state, and 0.0062 probability of being common to all states. Analysis of outbreak forms, on the basis of information intent, revealed that the probability of a randomly selected question being derived from an information category unique to a single state was 0.0323, whereas the probability of a question being derived from an information category shared by all states was 0.1935. A telephone survey revealed that state pr control officials did not believe additional research on between-herd spread of pr was necessary to successfully complete the eradication program. However, officials believed a better understanding of pr risk factors would enhance program effectiveness and build producer confidence.
Chylous ascites in cats: Nine cases (1978–1993)
Authors: Gores Barbara R. , Berg John , Carpenter James L. , Ullman Sharon L. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Medical records of 9 cats with chylous ascites that underwent exploratory celiotomy were reviewed. In 7 cats, chylous ascites was associated with intra-abdominal neoplasia: 4 cats had an unresectable tumor (hemangiosarcoma, 3 cats; paraganglioma, 1 cat) within the mesenteric root; 2 had malignant lymphoma of the small intestine and mesenteric lymph nodes; and 1 had lymphangiosarcoma of the abdominal wall. In 2 cats, chylous ascites was associated with nonneoplastic diseases: 1 cat had severe biliary cirrhosis and an extrahepatic portosystemic shunt; the other had steatitis caused by vitamin E deficiency. Three cats were euthanatized or died at the time of surgery, and 5 cats were euthanatized within 3 months of surgery. One cat with malignant lymphoma responded well to chemotherapy and lived for 14 months after surgery.