bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Use of Fluorescence In situ Hybridisation in the Diagnosis of Hidden Mosaicism in Egyptian Patients with Turner Syndrome
Authors: Ossama Heba Mohamed , Kholeif Soha , Elhady Ghada Mohamed 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Turner syndrome (TS) is the most common chromosomal abnormality in females. The diagnosis of TS is based on karyotyping of 30 blood lymphocytes. This technique does not rule out tissue mosaicism or low-grade mosaicism in the blood. Because of the associated risk of gonadoblastoma, mosaicism is especially important in case this involves a Y chromosome.

Aims:
This study was set to determine the value of additional genetic studies such as fluorescent in situ hybridisation and the inclusion of buccal cells in search for mosaicism in TS patients.

Settings and Design:
This cross-sectional, descriptive study was performed in Human Genetics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University.

Materials and Methods:
Fluorescence in situ hybridisation technique was applied to lymphocyte cultures as well as buccal smears using centromeric probes for X and Y chromosomes. Genotype phenotype correlation was also evaluated.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Descriptive study where categorical variables were described using number and percentage and continuous variables were described using mean and standard deviation.

Results:
Fluorescence in situ hybridisation technique study detected hidden mosaicism in 60% of studied patients; 20% of patients had a cell line containing Y material, while 40% had variable degrees of X, XX mosaicism, and in the remaining 40% no second cell line was detected. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation study helped identify the origin of the marker to be Y in all patients. The introduction of an additional cell line helped in identifying mosaicism in patients with monosomy X. Virilisation signs were only observed among TS patients with Y cell line mosaicism. The clinical manifestations were more severe in patients with monosomy X than other mosaic cases.

Conclusions:
Molecular cytogenetic investigation for all suspected cases of TS should be considered for appropriate treatment plan and genetic counselling.
Bladder Haematoma: A Rare but Serious Complication of Oocyte Retrieval
Authors: Vohra Rashmi , Dash Saumyaroop , Dash Sebanti 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Owing to its simplicity, transvaginal oocyte retrieval (TVOR) has become the standard procedure for oocyte retrieval. Despite being an easy procedure, TVOR is still associated with rare but serious complications. A high index of suspicion is required for early diagnosis of complications. We present two cases of bladder haematoma, which presented to us post-TVOR.
Explaining the Unexplained: Examining the Predictive Value of Semen Parameters, Sperm DNA Fragmentation and Metal Levels in Unexplained Infertility
Authors: Ghuman Navdeep Kaur , Shukla Kamla Kant , Nandagopal Srividhya , Raikar Sunil , Kumar Shailendra , Kathuria Priyanka , Choudhary Dinesh , Elhence Poonam , Singh Pratibha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
There is ongoing research to find an optimum modality to predict male fertility potential.

Aims:
To compare the semen parameters, sperm DNA damage and seminal metal levels of Zinc, Lead and Aluminium among the male partners of couples with unexplained infertility and men with proven fertility.

Settings and Design:
Prospective case–control study at a tertiary level teaching hospital.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred male partners of couples with unexplained subfertility and 50 men with proven fertility were included in the study. Male partners of unexplained infertility couples and fertile men were compared for their semen parameters, sperm DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI) and seminal metal levels in semen.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Chi-square test, Student’s t-test, sensitivity and specificity analysis, binomial logistic regression analysis.

Results:
Fertile men had statistically significantly higher mean progressive sperm motility than male partners of unexplained infertility (53.12 ± 9.89% vs. 44.81 ± 19.47%, P = 0.005). Semen volume and sperm concentration were comparable among the cases and control population. The mean sperm DFI was significantly lower among fertile men (10.83 ± 6.28 vs. 21.38 ± 10.28, P < 0.0001). Plotting the receiver-operating characteristic curve the threshold for discrimination was calculated to be 18% DFI. The sensitivity specificity and overall accuracy were 43%, 84% and 56.67%, respectively when the DFI cut-off was set at 18%. Zinc concentration in the semen had a strong positive correlation (Point Biserial correlation coefficient = 0.831) with fertility, whereas lead and aluminium had a moderate negative correlation.

Conclusion:
Conventional semen analysis had limited differentiating ability for unexplained infertility. The sperm DFI may be employed for explanatory purposes among couples with unexplained subfertility. A lower discriminatory threshold of DFI (18%) has better overall accuracy as opposed to a 30% cutpoint for unexplained subfertility. Among metals, Zinc was strongly correlated with fertility status.
A Study of Serum Adiponectin Levels in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and its Correlation with Various Cardiometabolic Risk Markers
Authors: Prasad G. Surendra , Saikia Uma Kaimal , Bhuyan Ashok Krishna , Baro Abhamoni 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common metabolic disorder in the reproductive age group, the pathogenesis of which is constantly evolving with the discovery of novel molecules and the lookout for potential therapeutic targets.

Aims:
The aim of the present study was to estimate the circulating levels of serum adiponectin in patients with PCOS compared to controls and to find its correlation with markers of cardiovascular risk, with special emphasis on circulating levels of oxidised low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL).

Settings and Design:
In this cross-sectional observational study recently diagnosed, PCOS subjects were compared with age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls.

Materials and Methods:
All the included subjects underwent detailed clinical, biochemical and hormonal evaluation, including lipid profile, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, fasting serum insulin, fasting serum adiponectin, oxLDL, total testosterone and anti-Mullerian hormone.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Appropriate statistical methods were performed using SPSS (version 21) and Microsoft Excel (2019).

Results:
A total of 56 PCOS cases and 32 controls were included in the study. Mean values of serum adiponectin (μg/mL) in our study were found to be significantly lower in PCOS cases (11.53 ± 4.74) versus controls (14.73 ± 5.61) irrespective of BMI. Mean values of serum oxLDL (μg/dL) were found to be higher in PCOS cases (157.96 ± 53.89) versus controls (117.52 ± 45.44), with a significant negative correlation between adiponectin and oxLDL in cases. No difference in levels of adiponectin was found between the different PCOS phenotypes.

Conclusion:
Hypoadiponectinaemia was found to be associated with PCOS irrespective of obesity in PCOS subjects. Serum oxLDL can complement adiponectin as early predictor of CV risk in PCOS.
Exploring the antibacterial potency of α-mangostin against Prevotella intermedia through the diffusion method
Authors: Khairunnisa Vania , Isnaeni Filzah Q , Afiyah Zahra G , Rizqiawan Andra , Rahman Mohammad Z 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim:
To evaluate the antibacterial activity of α-mangostin compounds against Prevotella intermedia bacteria using the diffusion method.

Material and Methods:
This type of research is a prospective analysis and in vivo experimental laboratory study. Research on α-mangostin as an antibacterial to inhibit the growth of the P. intermedia bacteria type (ATCC25611) with catalog number R3602016 was produced by Thermo Scientific, Inc. US. Fifty P. intermedia culture samples were chosen at random technique. The diffusion method is then used to assess the antibacterial activity of the α-mangostin compounds.

Statistical Analysis:
The data obtained were then examined using statistical assessment using the Kruskall–Wallis tests.

Results:
The results showed a concentration of α-mangostin which produces a zone of inhibition of the growth of P. intermedia with a diameter approaching the positive control group is the concentration of α-mangostin 100% then 50%, 25%, and 12.5%. Meanwhile, the concentration of α-mangostin which resulted in a zone of inhibition of the growth of P. intermedia bacteria with the same diameter as the negative control group was α-mangostin concentrations of 6.25%, 3.125%, 1.56%, and 0.78%.

Conclusion:
The α-mangostin compound has effective activity against the growth of the P. intermedia bacteria.
Association between periodontitis and hypertension among a sample of adult Egyptian patients: A hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Al-Hasan Ali Saleh Yousef , Ibrahim Riham Omar , Zakaria Mai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim:
The prevalence of hypertension in adult Egyptians is 29.2%. This investigation’s objective is to evaluate the link between periodontitis and hypertension in adult Egyptian outpatients who visit the Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department at Cairo University’s Faculty of Dentistry.

Materials and Methods:
Periodontal and radiographic assessment of each patient was performed in order to get a consensus along with the newest classification of periodontal disorders published in 2018 and involved only the periodontitis cases. Then, a questionnaire was filled which included sociodemographic and medical data. An automated sphygmomanometer apparatus was implemented to check blood pressure at the clinic. Then, patients were categorized into three groups: prehypertension, hypertension, and hypertension-free groups in relation to their blood pressure records.

Results:
The present research was conducted on 376 subjects diagnosed with periodontitis, most patients did not have hypertension (240 patients, 63.8%). Prehypertension group included 66 patients (17.6%) while the hypertension group had 70 patients (18.6%). There was a statistically significant difference between probing depth (PD) measurements in patients with different hypertension categories (P value = 0.016, effect size = 0.009). It revealed that patients with hypertension exhibited the statistically remarkably greatest PD. There was no statistically significant difference among the study groups as regards the periodontitis stages (P = 0.161), and periodontitis grades (P = 0.716).

Conclusions:
In this investigation, there was no connection between periodontitis and hypertension in the Egyptian population where periodontitis is a complex condition with several risk factors. However, hypertensive patients had high significant levels of PD.
Current perspectives of nanotherapies in the prevention and treatment of radiotherapy/chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in head and neck cancer—A narrative review
Authors: Dharman Sreedevi , Maragathavalli Gopal , Shanmugam Rajeshkumar , Shanmugasundaram Karpagavalli 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim:
Therapy for head and neck cancer (HNC) causes oral mucositis (OM) which significantly affects the patient’s quality of life. Currently, there are no effective therapy or prevention of OM. This review focuses on a nanomedicine-based approach to prevent and treat chemotherapy (CT)- or radiotherapy (RT)-induced OM in HNC.

Materials and Methods:
Systematic article searches on nanoparticles in CT/RT-induced OM published in English language until December 2022 were conducted in PubMed using MeSH terms, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Search keywords used were: (Nanoparticles) [all fields, MeSH Terms])) OR (Nanocapsules) [all fields, MeSH Terms])) OR (Metal Nanoparticles) [all fields, MeSH Terms])) OR (Lipid Nanoparticles) [all fields, MeSH Terms])) AND (Treatment)) [all fields, MeSH Terms])) OR (Prevention)) [all fields] AND (chemotherapy [all fields, MeSH Terms])) OR (Radiotherapy [all fields, MeSH Terms])) AND (oral mucositis [all fields, MeSH Terms])) AND (Head and Neck Tumor)) [all fields, MeSH Terms])).

Results:
Overall, this review included nine studies after full-text review of articles, among them six were in vivo animal studies and three were clinical trials. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and quarcetin nanoemulsion prevented OM by inhibiting the inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Among polymeric nanoparticles, poly DL-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) dexamethasone NPs were efficient at −10-fold lower dose of free dexamethasone. Chitosan-coated PLGA NPs with rebamipide loading had superior oral retention, and benzydamine hydrochloride-PLGA-NPs-hydrogel demonstrated mucoadhesive and in vitro drug release features, allowing for more rapid and effective treatment of mucositis. Ketoprofen-loaded Eudragit electrospun nanofibers had better efficacy due to local buccal delivery and suppression of the inflammation associated with mucositis. Oral curcumin-loaded nanomicelle is effective due to the enhanced absorption of curcumin aiding in the prevention and treatment of OM. Curcumin nanomouthwash was equally efficient and safe when compared with benzydamine and delayed the onset of OM.

Conclusion:
This narrative review summarized various nanomedicine in OM as an efficient strategy that aided in local buccal delivery, mucoadhesion, and sustained release with reduced doses that can be used as conventional supportive therapy for HNC patients with OM receiving CT/RT.
Flexural strength and hardness of short-silk fiber-reinforced composite with silane addition
Authors: Widyasrini Dyah A , Annisa Mutiara , Sunarintyas Siti , Harsini Harsini 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim:
To investigate the optimum concentration of silane added in fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) and its effect on flexural strength and surface hardness.

Methods and Material:
The degumming process was conducted by soaking the chopped Bombyx mori silkworm cocoons in Na2CO3 solution, hydrolyzing them with NaOH, and neutralizing them with hydrochloric acid. Then, lyophilization and ultra-sonification were carried out. Bombyx mori short-silk fibers (±1.49 µm) were placed into a silane solution with concentrations of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%. After silanation, fibers were mixed in a composite resin matrix. The volume fraction of the fiber used was 10%. Flexural strength and surface hardness tests employed 48 samples in beam and disc shapes, respectively. Each group included six samples. Flexural strength was tested using a universal testing machine and surface hardness using a microhardness tester in accordance with ISO 4049 (2000). Data obtained were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by a post hoc least significant difference test.

Results:
In the ANOVA test, a significant difference was found in the flexural strength and surface hardness among the four FRC groups (P < 0.05). In the post hoc test, the flexural strength of the FRC group with 0.5% silane was significantly different from other groups (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the surface hardness of samples added with 0.5% silane was not significantly different from those added with 1% and 1.5% silane (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Thus, 0.5% silane might be the optimal concentration to obtain FRCs with appropriate flexural strength and surface hardness.
Twisted Right Ovarian Teratoma Mimicking Ruptured Inflamed Appendix in a Young Woman
Authors: Aiyekomogbon Joshua Oluwafemi , Isah Dennis Anthony 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A 27-year-old female was referred to our health facility with a working diagnosis of a ruptured appendix on account of sudden onset of severe right iliac fossa and pelvic pain. Abdominal ultrasound scan, plain abdominal radiograph, and abdominal computed tomographic scans done in our health facility revealed a fairly rounded poorly vascularized right ovarian mass containing a tooth, fat, and Rokitansky nodule. A radiological diagnosis of matured poorly vascularized right ovarian teratoma with possible torsion was made. She had laparotomy with excision of the right ovarian mass, and the histology of the excised specimen confirmed the diagnosis of matured right ovarian teratoma. She responded well postoperatively, and subsequent follow-up assessment was satisfactory.
Fused Left Supernumerary Kidney with Single Blood Supply and Ureter
Authors: Emegoakor Adaobi Chiazor , Nwabunike Munachi Onyebuchi , Onu Onyekachi Amos , Umeh Eric Okechukwu , Obieje Kanayo Gerald , Uzukwu Ifeanyi , Achike Anthony Jideofor , Eneh Chika Eusebius 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Supernumerary kidneys, also known as accessory kidneys, refer to the presence of more than two kidneys. It is a rare congenital abnormality of the urinary system with only a few cases reported so far in literature. The extra kidney commonly has its own collecting system, blood supply, and well-defined encapsulated tissue. It may or may not be fused to the other kidneys by fibrous tissue or a parenchymal bridge. Imaging for vague abdominal symptoms may result in an incidental finding of the rare anatomical variant which may indicate an adjustment of routine physical activities to avoid renal trauma, as well as relevant considerations for surgical planning. We present a 62-year-old woman who presented with vague abdominal pains. Findings on physical examination were unremarkable. Her abdominal ultrasound scan showed two kidneys of about the same size fused together. Computed tomography urography showed two fused renal tissues of nearly same size on the left. The accessory kidney is more medial, slightly cranial. The native kidney is more lateral and more caudal. The native and accessory kidneys had only one blood supply, venous drainage, and a single ureter. As at the time of reporting, the patient has not received any intervention because there was no remarkable symptom noted. This case is rare and unique, in that it is a fused supernumerary kidney seen at the age of 62 and has a single blood supply and ureter. Imaging for vague symptoms can result in an incidental finding of a rare anatomical variant. It is also very essential for planning surgical intervention if need be.
A descriptive study of post-COVID sequelae in mild to severe cases in western India
Authors: Ernam Sunila Sanjeev , Matthews Daniel , Gade Runika , Prabhakar Keertana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a multisystem illness that has affected millions worldwide in the form of a pandemic. Numerous studies have shown that individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 experienced extended periods of health issues, varying from fatigue to cardiovascular and respiratory complications, lasting from 12 weeks to 1 year. The prevalence of these issues ranged between 42% and 55% in different countries, correlating with the severity of the initial infection. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection consequences and identify the factors linked to these long-term effects.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital over 3 months, from Jun 14, 2021 to Sept 30, 2021. This study focused on three groups of patients—those with SARS-CoV-2 infection treated in outpatient departments (OPD) and hospitalized individuals—observed for follow-up at 3, 6, and 9 months postinfection. With verbal consent obtained after informed discussion, information regarding demographic details, pre-existing medical conditions, habits, and vaccination status was gathered via telephonic interviews using a semistructured questionnaire. The collected data underwent analysis utilizing MS Excel and Open EPI info software.

Results:
In the follow-up studies at 3, 6, and 9 months, there were 1902 patients (with a response rate of 54.06%), 876 patients (with a response rate of 64.75%), and 1464 patients (with a response rate of 58.04%), respectively. The prevalence of post-COVID sequelae across these periods was recorded at 8.20%, 5.59%, and 8.81%. The mortality rate was notably 7.46% within the 3-month follow-up cohort. Diabetes emerged as a prevalent sequela across all three follow-up cohorts, peaking at 2.86% in the 9-month cohort.

Conclusion:
It is necessary to conduct 1-year post-COVID-19 infection patient follow-ups.
Hairy cell leukemia with an aggressive outcome: A case report with a review of the literature
Authors: Mashelkarm Adwaita , Khatu Shirish , Dive Prakash , Sudhamani S 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL), an uncommon cancer affecting B-lymphocytes primarily in the bone marrow and spleen, is identified by abnormal projections on malignant B cells, which give the illness its name. This condition is less frequently observed in Asian populations compared with individuals from American and European backgrounds and tends to be diagnosed around the age of 55 years. The leading genetic association of this ailment is linked to the BRAFV600 mutation. Diagnosing HCL poses challenges due to its similarity to other conditions involving excessive lymphocyte growth. Here, we present a distinctive case of an aggressive disease course in a 46-year-old male.
Periodontal health status and its association with cardiovascular risk score among the rural community in India: A community-based study
Authors: Radhakrishnan Shankar , Saravanan Natrajan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives:
Our primary purpose was to examine the association between cardiovascular risk scores and the state of periodontal health within a rural community in India. Additionally, we aimed to explore the potential for incorporating assessments of periodontal health as an indicator of coronary artery disease (CAD).

Materials and Methods:
In total, 2100 study participants aged 30 and older were included in our research. We developed a semistructured questionnaire to collect information on sociodemographic factors, and the Framingham risk score questionnaire was utilized to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Results:
We discovered a significant Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.761 between the CAD risk score and the cardiac power index (CPI) among our study participants. Similarly, the Spearman correlation coefficient between CAD risk levels and CPI was 0.654, with both values demonstrating statistical significance (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Our results strongly indicate that incorporating CPI as one of the risk assessment factors for CVD is highly recommended. Presently, community education on dental health is predominantly centered around school-based initiatives. However, we propose expanding this educational effort to encompass all community members. Educating individuals about the importance of periodontal health in CVD is vital since maintaining good periodontal health can prevent or alleviate morbidity associated with heart conditions.