bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of intranasal sufentanil on acute post-traumatic pain in the emergency department: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Malinverni Stefano , Kreps Bernard , Lucaccioni Thibault , Bouazza Fatima-Zohra , Bartiaux Magali , Plumacker Alain , Pascu Andreea , Youatou Towo Pierre 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundIntranasal sufentanil is a potent opioid which can be used in patients with traumatic injuries presenting to the ED. Although previous studies have demonstrated the superiority of intranasal sufentanil over intravenous morphine in terms of pain relief, its clinical superiority in patients with traumatic injuries receiving adequate multimodal analgesia with acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is uncertain. We compared pain relief offered by intranasal sufentanil with that offered by oral and intravenous opioids in patients with acute traumatic injuries also receiving a specified regimen of non-opioid treatment.MethodsIn this single-centre, open-label, parallel-group, randomised controlled superiority trial conducted between January 2020 and February 2022, trauma patients presenting to the ED with a pain score of ≥7 on a visual analogue scale (VAS) were randomised to receive either intranasal sufentanil or other oral/intravenous opioids alongside oral/intravenous acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The primary outcome was reduction in VAS score 15–20 min after randomisation.ResultsAn intention-to-treat analysis included 170 out of 205 patients screened for inclusion. The intranasal sufentanil group (83 patients) showed a significantly greater reduction in pain when compared with the oral/intravenous opioid group (87 patients) 15–20 min after randomisation (reduction in VAS score 3.0 (IQR 1.7–5.0) vs 1.5 (IQR 0.9–3.0); p<0.001). Similarly, a greater reduction in pain was observed in the intranasal sufentanil group 60 min after randomisation (5.0 (IQR 3.0–7.0) vs 3.0 (IQR 2.0–5.3); p<0.001). However, side effects were more frequent in the intervention group (71.1% vs 23%; p<0.001).ConclusionsIntranasal sufentanil was associated with more effective pain relief than oral/intravenous opioids in patients with traumatic injuries treated with coanalgesia. Intranasal sufentanil could be considered for the management of pain in patients with traumatic injuries associated with severe pain.Trial registration numberNCT04137198
Comparing physical work exposures between men and women: findings from 65 281 workers in France
Authors: Wuytack Francesca , Evanoff Bradley , Dale Ann-Marie , Gilbert Fabien , Fadel Marc , Leclerc Annette , Descatha Alexis 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesMusculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a leading cause of disability and sick leave among workers. Although MSDs are associated with physical exposures, there are gender differences in the prevalence and related disability. This study aimed to compare self-reported physical work exposures by gender for people within the same occupational group.MethodsWe used cross-sectional data from 65 281 asymptomatic workers aged 18–69 years from the CONSTANCES cohort study (France). We compared 27 physical exposures between men and women in the same occupational groups (‘Profession et Categorie Sociale’ group) using Mann-Whitney U tests.ResultsMen and women performing the same job often reported different levels of exposure. 38 of 365 occupational groups had a gender difference in reported exposure for 10 or more of 27 physical exposures, with men reporting higher exposures in 79% of these jobs. Women reported higher exposures in nursing and other healthcare professions. The probability that a random man had an exposure value higher than a random woman varied widely, from 8% to 92%, and was highly dependent on occupational groups and the specific exposure.ConclusionsMen and women working in the same jobs reported different physical exposures for some jobs and some exposures. Further research should further define and explore these reported differences to improve prevention and research.
Irritant asthma and work: cases from the UK SWORD reporting scheme from 1999 to 2018
Authors: Fishwick David , Carder Melanie , Iskandar Ireny , Fishwick Beth Charlotte , van Tongeren Martie 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundAcute irritant asthma is a preventable health consequence of a workplace exposure and has a number of adverse outcomes. While cases and case series are reported, little is known about the causes and incidence of this condition over prolonged periods of time.AimsWe aimed to estimate the reported incidence of irritant asthma referred to a national reporting scheme, and how this has changed over time.MethodsCases of irritant asthma reported to SWORD, the UK-based Surveillance of Work-related Occupational Respiratory Diseases scheme, were grouped into four 5-year time periods from 1999 onwards. Likely causative exposures, job, work sector and incidence rates were analysed over time.Results307 actual cases equated to 1066 estimated cases; actual cases had a mean age of 46 years (SD 17.8); 70.7% were male. The annual incidence fell from 1.98 per million employed in the first 5-year period, to 0.56 in the most recent. Eleven occupational codes were associated with six or more attributed cases, and between them accounted for 38% of all cases. Thirteen exposure categories were associated with five or more cases. These were formaldehyde (n=5), cutting oils and coolants (n=6), isocyanates (n=6), pesticides and herbicides (n=6), welding fumes (n=7), paints (n=7), solder and colophony (n=7), solvents (n=9), fuel oil, diesel and ill-defined fumes (n=10), chlorine and hypochlorites (n=15), acids (n=23), smoke (n=25) and cleaning products and sterilising agents (n=39).ConclusionsWhile the incidence of irritant asthma may have fallen, cases are persistently attributed to well-described causes. A persistence of cases attributed to cleaning agents was seen.
Occupational differences in the prevalence and severity of long-COVID: analysis of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection Survey
Authors: Kromydas Theocharis , Demou Evangelia , Edge Rhiannon , Gittins Matthew , Katikireddi Srinivasa Vittal , Pearce Neil , van Tongeren Martie , Wilkinson Jack , Rhodes Sarah 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesTo establish whether prevalence and severity of long-COVID symptoms vary by industry and occupation.MethodsWe used Office for National Statistics COVID-19 Infection Survey (CIS) data (February 2021–April 2022) of working-age participants (16–65 years). Exposures were industry, occupation and major Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) group. Outcomes were self-reported: (1) long-COVID symptoms and (2) reduced function due to long-COVID. Binary (outcome 1) and ordered (outcome 2) logistic regression were used to estimate odds ratios (OR)and prevalence (marginal means).ResultsPublic facing industries, including teaching and education, social care, healthcare, civil service, retail and transport industries and occupations, had the highest likelihood of long-COVID. By major SOC group, those in caring, leisure and other services (OR 1.44, 95% CIs 1.38 to 1.52) had substantially elevated odds than average. For almost all exposures, the pattern of ORs for long-COVID symptoms followed SARS-CoV-2 infections, except for professional occupations (eg, some healthcare, education, scientific occupations) (infection: OR<1 ; long-COVID: OR>1). The probability of reporting long-COVID for industry ranged from 7.7% (financial services) to 11.6% (teaching and education); whereas the prevalence of reduced function by ‘a lot’ ranged from 17.1% (arts, entertainment and recreation) to 22%–23% (teaching and education and armed forces) and to 27% (not working).ConclusionsThe risk and prevalence of long-COVID differs across industries and occupations. Generally, it appears that likelihood of developing long-COVID symptoms follows likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 infection, except for professional occupations. These findings highlight sectors and occupations where further research is needed to understand the occupational factors resulting in long-COVID.
Minimally Invasive Surgery for Trapezoid Nonunion: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: KOHARA Toshiki , SAITO Taichi , SHIMAMURA Yasunori , OZAKI Toshifumi 
Published: September 2023

We report a case of trapezoid nonunion diagnosed 3 months post injury. A 25-year-old male patient felt continuous wrist pain after being injured. His radiograph showed non-union with sclerotic change and bone resorption. He was planned for surgery, and this was done using a minimally invasive technique. Via a dorsal approach, we percutaneously drilled to the nonunion site and freshened the fracture ends. Bone plugs were harvested from the iliac crest using a bone marrow biopsy needle and packed into the nonunion site. The fracture was then fixed with a cannulated headless compression screw. This procedure could be performed without injuring the ligaments around the trapezoid. The patient was immobilised for 4 weeks, and bone union was achieved 6 months after surgery. He had full range of finger and wrist motion and no pain at the final follow-up. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
MOEA/D vs. NSGA-II: A Comprehensive Comparison for Multi/Many Objective Analog/RF Circuit Optimization through a Generic Benchmark
Authors: Saǧlican Enes , Afacan Engin 
Published: September 2023

Thanks to the enhanced computational capacity of modern computers, even sophisticated analog/radio frequency (RF) circuit sizing problems can be solved via electronic design automation (EDA) tools. Recently, several analog/RF circuit optimization algorithms have been successfully applied to automatize the analog/RF circuit design process. Conventionally, metaheuristic algorithms are widely used in optimization process. Among various nature-inspired algorithms, evolutionary algorithms (EAs) have been more preferred due to their superiorities (robustness, efficiency, accuracy etc.) over the other algorithms. Furthermore, EAs have been diversified and several distinguished analog/RF circuit optimization approaches for single-, multi-, and many-objective problems have been reported in the literature. However, there are conflicting claims on the performance of these algorithms and no objective performance comparison has been revealed yet. In the previous work, only a few case study circuits have been under test to demonstrate the superiority of the utilized algorithm, so a limited comparison has been made for only these specific circuits. The underlying reason is that the literature lacks a generic benchmark for analog/RF circuit sizing problem. To address these issues, we propose a comprehensive comparison of the most popular two evolutionary computation algorithms, namely Non-Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II and Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm based Decomposition, in this article. For that purpose, we introduce two ad hoc testbenches for analog and RF circuits including the common building blocks. The comparison has been made at both multi- and many-objective domains and the performances of algorithms have been quantitatively revealed through the well-known Pareto-optimal front quality metrics.
FGFR3 Alterations in Bladder Cancer Stimulate Serine Synthesis to Induce Immune-Inert Macrophages That Suppress T-cell Recruitment and Activation
Authors: Ouyang Yi , Ou Ziwei , Zhong Wenlong , Yang Jin , Fu Sha , Ouyang Nengtai , Chen Junyu , Xu Longhao , Wu Daqin , Qian Junan , Lin Yi , Lin Tianxin , Huang Jian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

FGFR3 alterations are common in patients with bladder cancer. While the FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor erdafitinib has been approved as a targeted therapy for patients with FGFR3-altered (aFGFR3) bladder cancer, the response rate remains suboptimal, prompting development of strategies to improve treatment response. Here, we observed an immune-desert tumor microenvironment (TME) phenotype in human aFGFR3 bladder cancer and demonstrated that mutant FGFR3 indirectly induces a “cold” TME in mouse bladder cancer models. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed the central role of macrophages in inducing the cold TME of aFGFR3 tumors. Macrophages in aFGFR3 tumors exhibited reduced T-cell recruitment and antigen presentation capabilities. Increased serine synthesis in bladder cancer cells that was induced by mutant FGFR3 activated the PI3K/Akt pathway in macrophages, shifting them to an immune-inert phenotype. Targeting PI3K in aFGFR3 tumors with duvelisib achieved promising efficacy by reversing the macrophage phenotype, and combination therapy with duvelisib and erdafitinib demonstrated increased antitumor activity. Overall, these findings reveal the critical role of enhanced serine synthesis efflux from cancer cells with mutant FGFR3 in shifting macrophages to an immune-inert phenotype. Reversing the macrophage phenotype holds promise for enhancing erdafitinib efficacy.

Significance:
Metabolic reprogramming of bladder cancer cells driven by mutant FGFR3 increases serine synthesis that suppresses macrophage immunostimulatory functions to generate an immunosuppressive TME, which can be overcome by targeting PI3K.
Knowledge Mediates the Effects of Game Changers for Cervical Cancer Prevention (GC-CCP) Intervention on Increased VIA Screening Advocacy in Uganda
Authors: Wagner Glenn J. , Matovu Joseph K.B. , Juncker Margrethe , Namisango Eve , Beyeza-Kashesya Jolly , Wanyenze Rhoda K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Game Changers for Cervical Cancer Prevention (GC-CCP), a group advocacy training intervention, has been shown to increase cervical cancer prevention and screening advocacy. In this secondary analysis, we examined mediators and moderators of this effect. A randomized controlled trial of GC-CCP—a 7-session, peer led intervention designed to empower women to engage in cervical cancer prevention advocacy—was conducted with women who had recently been screened by visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid for cervical cancer. Participants were assessed at baseline and month 6 follow-up. Cervical cancer–related constructs targeted by the intervention were examined as mediators using multivariate linear regression analysis. Individual and social network characteristics were examined as moderators. Change in cervical cancer knowledge fully mediated the intervention effect on increased cervical cancer prevention advocacy; change in cervical cancer risk management self-efficacy was a partial mediator. Moderators of the effect included no secondary education, having a main sex partner, and having trustworthy, supportive, non-stigmatizing peers. The effect of GC-CCP on cervical cancer prevention advocacy seems largely driven by its impact on cervical cancer knowledge, and the intervention may be most effective among women who are partnered, less educated, and have trusting, supportive social networks.

Prevention Relevance:
Enhancing cervical cancer knowledge among women who have screened for cervical cancer is key to empowering these women to engage in cervical cancer prevention advocacy and acting as change agents for encouraging other women to screen.
Long Noncoding RNA Gpr137b-ps Promotes Advanced Atherosclerosis via the Regulation of Autophagy in Macrophages
Authors: Qu Wenbo , Zhou Xin , Jiang Xinjian , Xie Xianwei , Xu Kaijian , Gu Xia , Na Ruisi , Piao Minghui , Xi Xiangwen , Sun Na , Wang Xueyu , Peng Xiang , Xu Junyan , Tian Jiangtian , Zhang Jian , Guo Junli , Zhang Maomao , Zhang Yao , Pan Zhenwei , Wang Kun , Yu Bo , Sun Bin , Li Shuijie , Tian Jinwei 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
Current therapies cannot completely reverse advanced atherosclerosis. High levels of amino acids, induced by Western diet, stimulate mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1)-autophagy defects in macrophages, accelerating atherosclerotic plaque progression. In addition, autophagy-lysosomal dysfunction contributes to plaque necrotic core enlargement and lipid accumulation. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the novel mechanism and molecules to reverse amino acid–mTORC1–autophagy signaling dysfunction in macrophages of patients with advanced atherosclerosis.

METHODS:

We observed that Gpr137b-ps (G-protein–coupled receptor 137B, pseudogene) was upregulated in advanced atherosclerotic plaques. The effect of Gpr137b-ps on the progression of atherosclerosis was studied by generating advanced plaques in
ApoE

−/−

mice with cardiac-specific knockout of Gpr137b-ps. Bone marrow–derived macrophages and mouse mononuclear macrophage cell line RAW264.7 cells were subjected to starvation or amino acid stimulation to study amino acid–mTORC1–autophagy signaling. Using both gain- and loss-of-function approaches, we explored the mechanism of Gpr137b-ps–regulated autophagy.

RESULTS:
Our results demonstrated that Gpr137b-ps deficiency led to enhanced autophagy in macrophages and reduced atherosclerotic lesions, characterized by fewer necrotic cores and less lipid accumulation. Knockdown of Gpr137b-ps increased autophagy and prevented amino acid–induced mTORC1 signaling activation. As the downstream binding protein of Gpr137b-ps, HSC70 (heat shock cognate 70) rescued the impaired autophagy induced by Gpr137b-ps. Furthermore, Gpr137b-ps interfered with the HSC70 binding to G3BP (Ras GTPase-activating protein-binding protein), which tethers the TSC (tuberous sclerosis complex) complex to lysosomes and suppresses mTORC1 signaling. In addition to verifying that the NTF2 (nuclear transport factor 2) domain of G3BP binds to HSC70 by in vitro protein synthesis, we further demonstrated that HSC70 binds to the NTF2 domain of G3BP through its W90-F92 motif by using computational modeling.

CONCLUSIONS:
These findings reveal that Gpr137b-ps plays an essential role in the regulation of macrophage autophagy, which is crucial for the progression of advanced atherosclerosis. Gpr137b-ps impairs the interaction of HSC70 with G3BP to regulate amino acid–mTORC1–autophagy signaling, and these results provide a new potential therapeutic direction for the treatment of advanced atherosclerosis.
Retrieval of Chronically Implanted Dual-chamber Leadless Pacemakers in an Ovine Model
Authors: Banker Rajesh S. , Rippy Marian K. , Cooper Nicole , Neužil Petr , Exner Derek V. , Nair Devi G. , Booth Daniel F. , Ligon David , Badie Nima , Krans Mark , Ando Kenji , Knops Reinoud E. , Ip James E. , Doshi Rahul N. , Rashtian Mayer , Reddy Vivek Y. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
The clinical utilization of leadless pacemakers (LPs) as an alternative to traditional transvenous pacemakers is likely to increase with the advent of dual-chamber LP systems. Since device retrieval to allow LP upgrade or replacement will become an important capability, the first such dual-chamber, helix-fixation LP system (Aveir DR; Abbott, Abbott Park, IL) was specifically designed to allow catheter-based retrieval. In this study, the preclinical performance and safety of retrieving chronically implanted dual-chamber LPs was evaluated.

METHODS:
Atrial and ventricular LPs were implanted in the right atrial appendage and right ventricular apex of 9 healthy ovine subjects. After ≈2 years, the LPs were retrieved using a dedicated transvenous retrieval catheter (Aveir Retrieval Catheter; Abbott) by snaring, docking, and unscrewing from the myocardium. Comprehensive necropsy/histopathology studies were conducted to evaluate device- and procedure-related outcomes.

RESULTS:
At a median of 1.9 years postimplant (range, 1.8–2.6), all 18 of 18 (100%) LPs were retrieved from 9 ovine subjects without complications. The median retrieval procedure duration for both LPs, from first-catheter-in to last-catheter-out, was 13.3 minutes (range, 2.5–36.4). Postretrieval, all right atrial, and right ventricular implant sites demonstrated minimal tissue disruption, with intact fibrous tissue limited to the distal device body. No significant device-related trauma, perforation, pericardial effusion, right heart or tricuspid valve injury, or chronic pulmonary thromboembolism were observed at necropsy.

CONCLUSIONS:
This preclinical study demonstrated the safe and effective retrieval of chronically implanted, helix-fixation, dual-chamber LP systems, paving the way for clinical studies of LP retrieval.
Assessment of the safety of Levilactobacillus brevis CNCM I-5321, a probiotic candidate strain isolated from pulque with anti-proliferative activities
Authors: Torres-Maravilla E. , Boucard A.-S. , Al Azzaz J. , Gontier S. , Kulakauskas S. , Langella P. , Bermúdez-Humarán L.G. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Gut dysbiosis has been strongly correlated with colorectal cancer (CRC) development and the use of probiotics to modulate this imbalance represents a potential and promising therapy to prevent and treat CRC. For this reason, the identification of novel probiotic strains from diverse origins has widely increased in recent years, including traditional fermented foods. In this work we describe a new strain previously isolated from pulque (a traditional Mexican beverage), Levilactobacillus brevis CNCM I-5321, which may represent an interesting probiotic candidate to prevent and treat cancer. Indeed, our results show that CNCM I-5321 displays significant and specific antiproliferative capacities in human intestinal cancer cell lines (HT-29, HTC-116 and Caco-2 cells), but not in normal cells (FH cells). In addition, CNCM I-5321 is able to induce: (1) a pro-inflammatory immune response through stimulation of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-12 and IL-17 cytokines and (2) apoptosis via activation of caspase 8. On the other hand, a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay revealed phenotypic resistance of this strain to ampicillin and chloramphenicol. However, no known transferable determinants were found in the genome of CNCM I-5321, thus this probiotic candidate presents no risk of horizontal transfer to the intestinal bacterial population. Finally, the safety status of CNCM I-5321 was evaluated using an innovative model of chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) to assess undesirable and/or toxic effects. Overall, our results support that CNCM I-5321 strain is non-pathogenic and safe for potential use as an anti-cancer candidate in human and animal medicine.
On the Shared Structure of the Early to High Tang Gexing and the Seven-Character Short Poem with a Discussion of “Kayō Jūei” as a Japanese Seven-Character Short Poem Sequence
Authors: Liu Yi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The seven-character short poem [duan ge 短歌] is a distinct poetic form that originated in Han dynasty ballads and peaked during the Liang dynasty. It is closely related to the gexing 歌行 [song or song poem], a poetic form that also flourished during the Qi and Liang dynasties. The two forms differ in substance, with the former tending towards brevity and, the latter, length; however, they share fundamental principles of compositional method. At the start of the Tang dynasty, the seven-character short poem had not yet been eclipsed by the seven-character quatrain [jueju 絕句]; rather, it maintained its place among Early and High Tang poetic forms and continued to develop on its own terms. The “Ten Songs on Kayō [Kayō jūei 河陽十詠]” is a seven-character short poem sequence from the Heian period in Japan. Its formal elements are similar to those of the Chinese seven-character short poem, and it shares structural qualities with Qi-Liang style gexing composed by Heian poets. At the same, it also shares characteristics of the Heian topic poem. Its unique existence prompts us to look back to old poetic forms as precious source materials from which we may excavate long-overlooked stylistic phenomenon in poetry.