bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Availability of Mental Telehealth Services in the US
Authors: Cantor Jonathan , Schuler Megan S. , Matthews Samantha , Kofner Aaron , Breslau Joshua , McBain Ryan K. 
Published: February 2024

ImportanceTelehealth utilization for mental health care remains much higher than it was before the COVID-19 pandemic; however, availability may vary across facilities, geographic areas, and by patients’ demographic characteristics and mental health conditions.ObjectiveTo quantify availability, wait times, and service features of telehealth for major depressive disorder, general anxiety disorder, and schizophrenia throughout the US, as well as facility-, client-, and county-level characteristics associated with telehealth availability.Design, Settings, and ParticipantsCross-sectional analysis of a secret shopper survey of mental health treatment facilities (MHTFs) throughout all US states except Hawaii from December 2022 and March 2023. A nationally representative sample of 1938 facilities were contacted; 1404 (72%) responded and were included. Data analysis was performed from March to July 2023.ExposureHealth facility, client, and county characteristics.Main Outcome and MeasuresClinic-reported availability of telehealth services, availability of telehealth services (behavioral treatment, medication management, and diagnostic services), and number of days until first telehealth appointment. Multivariable logistic and linear regression analyses were conducted to assess whether facility-, client-, and county-level characteristics were associated with each outcome.ResultsOf the 1221 facilities (87%) accepting new patients, 980 (80%) reported offering telehealth. Of these, 97% (937 facilities) reported availability of counseling services; 77% (726 facilities), medication management; and 69% (626 facilities) diagnostic services. Telehealth availability did not differ by clinical condition. Private for-profit (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.75; 95% CI, 1.05-2.92) and private not-for-profit (aOR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.42-3.39) facilities were more likely to offer telehealth than public facilities. Facilities located in metropolitan counties (compared with nonmetropolitan counties) were more likely to offer medication management services (aOR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.11-3.00) but were less likely to offer diagnostic services (aOR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.47-0.95). Median (range) wait time for first telehealth appointment was 14 (4-75) days. No differences were observed in availability of an appointment based on the perceived race, ethnicity, or sex of the prospective patient.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cross-sectional study indicate that there were no differences in the availability of mental telehealth services based on the prospective patient’s clinical condition, perceived race or ethnicity, or sex; however, differences were found at the facility-, county-, and state-level. These findings suggest widespread disparities in who has access to which telehealth services throughout the US.
Verification of molecular subtyping of bladder cancer in the GUSTO clinical trial
Authors: Griffin Jon , Down Jenny , Quayle Lewis A , Heath Paul R , Gibb Ewan A , Davicioni Elai , Liu Yang , Zhao Xin , Swain Jayne , Wang Dennis , Hussain Syed , Crabb Simon , Catto James WF ,   the GUSTO Trial Management Group
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe GUSTO clinical trial (Gene expression subtypes of Urothelial carcinoma: Stratified Treatment and Oncological outcomes) uses molecular subtypes to guide neoadjuvant therapies in participants with muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Before commencing the GUSTO trial, we needed to determine the reliability of a commercial subtyping platform (Decipher Bladder; Veracyte) when performed in an external trial laboratory as this has not been done previously. Here, we report our pre‐trial verification of the TCGA molecular subtyping model using gene expression profiling. Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue blocks of MIBC were used for gene expression subtyping by gene expression microarrays. Intra‐ and inter‐laboratory technical reproducibilities, together with quality control of laboratory and bioinformatics processes, were assessed. Eighteen samples underwent analysis. RNA of sufficient quality and quantity was successfully extracted from all samples. All subtypes were represented in the cohort. Each sample was subtyped twice in our laboratory and once in a separate reference laboratory. No clinically significant discordance in subtype occurred between intra‐ or inter‐laboratory replicates. Examination of sample histopathology showed variability of morphological appearances within and between subtypes. Overall, these results show that molecular subtyping by gene expression profiling is reproducible, robust and suitable for use in the GUSTO clinical trial.
Injectable and Thermosensitive Hydrogel with Platelet‐Rich Plasma for Enhanced Biotherapy of Skin Wound Healing
Authors: Liu Gengjun , Yang Yuanming , Liu Yan , Li Ying , Jiang Mingyuan , Li Yaxin , Meng Zifan , Zhao Zhen , Liu Zheng , Liu Jiao , Ge Dongmei , Wang Haiyan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe rapid and effective healing of skin wounds resulted from severe injuries and full‐layer skin defects remains a pressing clinical challenge in contemporary medical practice. The reduction of wound infection and rapid healing is helpful to rebuild and repair skin tissue. Here, a thermosensitive chitosan‐based wound dressing hydrogel incorporating β‐glycerophosphate (GP), hydroxy propyl cellulose (HPC), graphene oxide (GO), and platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) is developed, which exhibits the dual functions of antibacterial properties and repair promotion. GP and HPC enhance the mechanical properties through forming hydrogen bonding connection, while GO produces local heat under near‐infrared light, leading to improved blood circulation and skin recovery. Notably, antibacterial properties against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and control–release of growth factors from PRP are also achieved based on the system. In vitro experiments reveal its biocompatibility, and ability to promote cell proliferation and migration. Animal experiments demonstrate that the epithelial repair and collagen deposition can be promoted during skin wound healing in Sprague Dawley rats. Moreover, a reduction in wound inflammation levels and the improvement of wound microenvironment are observed, collectively fostering effective wound healing. Therefore, the composite hydrogel system incorporated with GO and PRP can be a promising dressing for the treatment of skin wounds.
Smart Design of ZnFe and ZnFe@Fe Nanoparticles for MRI‐Tracked Magnetic Hyperthermia Therapy: Challenging Classical Theories of Nanoparticles Growth and Nanomagnetism
Authors: Caro Carlos , Guzzi Cinzia , Moral‐Sánchez Irene , Urbano‐Gámez Jesús David , Beltrán Ana M. , García‐Martín Maria Luisa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIron Oxide Nanoparticles (IONPs) hold the potential to exert significant influence on fighting cancer through their theranostics capabilities as contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and as mediators for magnetic hyperthermia (MH). In addition, these capabilities can be improved by doping IONPs with other elements. In this work, the synthesis and characterization of single‐core and alloy ZnFe novel magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), with improved magnetic properties and more efficient magnetic‐to‐heat conversion, are reported. Remarkably, the results challenge classical nucleation and growth theories, which cannot fully predict the final size/shape of these nanoparticles and, consequently, their magnetic properties, implying the need for further studies to better understand the nanomagnetism phenomenon. On the other hand, leveraging the enhanced properties of these new NPs, successful tumor therapy by MH is achieved following their intravenous administration and tumor accumulation via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Notably, these results are obtained using a single low dose of MNPs and a single exposure to clinically suitable alternating magnetic fields (AMF). Therefore, as far as the authors are aware, for the first time, the successful application of intravenously administered MNPs for MRI‐tracked MH tumor therapy in passively targeted tumor xenografts using clinically suitable conditions is demonstrated.
Targeted Macrophage CRISPR‐Cas13 mRNA Editing in Immunotherapy for Tendon Injury
Authors: Wang Shuo , Xiao Yao , Tian Jian , Dai Bo , Tao Zaijin , Liu Jingwen , Sun Zhenyu , Liu Xuanzhe , Li Yanhao , Zhao Gang , Cui Yong , Wang Fei , Liu Shen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCRISPR‐Cas13 holds substantial promise for tissue repair through its RNA editing capabilities and swift catabolism. However, conventional delivery methods fall short in addressing the heightened inflammatory response orchestrated by macrophages during the acute stages of tendon injury. In this investigation, macrophage‐targeting cationic polymers are systematically screened to facilitate the entry of Cas13 ribonucleic‐protein complex (Cas13 RNP) into macrophages. Notably, SPP1 (OPN encoding)‐producing macrophages are recognized as a profibrotic subtype that emerges during the inflammatory stage. By employing ROS‐responsive release mechanisms tailored for macrophage‐targeted Cas13 RNP editing systems, the overactivation of SPP1 is curbed in the face of an acute immune microenvironment. Upon encapsulating this composite membrane around the tendon injury site, the macrophage‐targeted Cas13 RNP effectively curtails the emergence of injury‐induced SPP1‐producing macrophages in the acute phase, leading to diminished fibroblast activation and mitigated peritendinous adhesion. Consequently, this study furnishes a swift RNA editing strategy for macrophages in the inflammatory phase triggered by ROS in tendon injury, along with a pioneering macrophage‐targeted carrier proficient in delivering Cas13 into macrophages efficiently.
Copper‐Catalyzed Sequential C(sp2)−H/C(sp3)−H Annulation of Indoles with Propargylic Alcohols to Access Hydrobenzo[b]carbazoles
Authors: Zhang Yi‐Rui , Qiu Zong‐Wang , Fu Zhao‐Jie , Chen Shao‐Shuai , Pan Han‐Peng , Qiong Li Bao , Ma Ai‐Jun , Zhang Xiang‐Zhi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHerein, we describe a copper‐catalyzed sequential C(sp2)−H/C(sp3)−H annulation of indoles with propargylic alcohols for the synthesis of diversely functionalized hydrobenzo[b]carbazole scaffolds. The reaction involves a Friedel‐Crafts addition, 1,5‐H shift, 6π electrocyclization, and dearomatization‐aromatization cascade. Importantly, this is a report of the use of 2‐(diarylmethyl)indoles as three‐carbon synthons in a (3+3) annulation reaction involving C(sp3)−H indole functionalization under oxidant‐free conditions.
An Amphibious Fully‐Soft Centimeter‐Scale Miniature Crawling Robot Powered by Electrohydraulic Fluid Kinetic Energy
Authors: Xiong Quan , Zhou Xuanyi , Li Dannuo , Ambrose Jonathan William , Yeow Raye Chen‐Hua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMiniature locomotion robots with the ability to navigate confined environments show great promise for a wide range of tasks, including search and rescue operations. Soft miniature locomotion robots, as a burgeoning field, have attracted significant research interest due to their exceptional terrain adaptability and safety features. Here, a fully‐soft centimeter‐scale miniature crawling robot directly powered by fluid kinetic energy generated by an electrohydraulic actuator is introduced. Through optimization of the operating voltage and design parameters, the average crawling velocity of the robot is dramatically enhanced, reaching 16 mm s−1. The optimized robot weighs 6.3 g and measures 5 cm in length, 5 cm in width, and 6 mm in height. By combining two robots in parallel, the robot can achieve a turning rate of ≈3° s−1. Additionally, by reconfiguring the distribution of electrodes in the electrohydraulic actuator, the robot can achieve 2 degrees‐of‐freedom translational motion, improving its maneuverability in narrow spaces. Finally, the use of a soft water‐proof skin is demonstrated for underwater locomotion and actuation. In comparison with other soft miniature crawling robots, this robot with full softness can achieve relatively high crawling velocity as well as increased robustness and recovery.
Double‐Walled Tubular Heusler‐Type Platinum–Ruthenium Phosphide as All‐pH Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Catalyst Outperforming Platinum and Ruthenium
Authors: Hong Yongju , Cho Seong Chan , Kim Soobean , Jin Haneul , Seol Jae Hun , Lee Tae Kyung , Ryu Jong‐kyeong , Tomboc Gracita M. , Kim Taekyung , Baik Hionsuck , Choi Changhyeok , Jo Jinhyoung , Jeong Sangyeon , Lee Eunsoo , Jung Yousung , Ahn Docheon , Kim Yong‐Tae , Yoo Sung Jong , Lee Sang Uck , Lee Kwangyeol 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNanostructured ionic compounds have driven major technological advancements in displays, photovoltaics, and catalysis. Current research focuses on refining the chemical composition of such compounds. In this study, a strategy for creating stoichiometrically well‐defined nanoscale multiple‐cation systems, where the atomically precise structure maximizes the synergistic cooperation between cations at the atomic scale is reported. The unprecedented construction of Heusler‐type PtRuP2 double‐walled nanotubes through sequential anion/cation exchange reactions is demonstrated. The PtRuP2 catalyst exhibits record‐high catalytic performance and durability for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline electrolytes and anion‐exchange membrane water electrolyzers. The investigations highlight the crucial role of Pt/Ru dual centers, providing multiple active sites that accelerate the HER kinetics within a single phosphide material, in the sequential operation of H2O activation/dissociation at Ru and H2 production at adjacent Pt sites. These findings open new avenues for optimizing ionic compound‐based HER electrocatalysts, offering platinum‐metal alternatives in acidic and alkaline media.
Genetic consequences of Last Glacial–Holocene changes in snowfall regime in Arnica mallotopus populations: A plant confined to heavy‐snow areas of Japan
Authors: Masuda Kazutoshi , Setoguchi Hiroaki , Nagasawa Koki , Hirota Shun K. , Suyama Yoshihisa , Sawa Kazuhiro , Fukumoto Shigeru , Ishihara Masae I. , Abe Harue , Tsuboi Hayato , Tango Tsuguoki , Mori Sayoko , Sakaguchi Shota 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPremiseSnow is an important environmental factor affecting plant distribution. Past changes in snowfall regimes may have controlled the demographies of snow‐dependent plants. However, our knowledge of changes in the distribution and demographies of such plants is limited because of the lack of fossil records.MethodsPopulation genetic and landscape genetic analyses were used to investigate the response of population dynamics of Arnica mallotopus (Asteraceae)—a plant confined to heavy‐snow areas of Japan—to changes in snowfall regimes from the Last Glacial Period to the Holocene.ResultsThe population genetic analysis suggested that the four geographic lineages diverged during the Last Glacial Period. The interaction between reduced snowfall and lower temperatures during this period likely triggered population isolation in separate refugia. Subpopulation differentiation in the northern group was lower than in the southern group. Our ecological niche model predicted that the current distribution was patchy in the southern region; that is, the populations were isolated by topologically flat and climatically unsuitable lowlands. The landscape genetic analysis suggested that areas with little snowfall acted as barriers to the Holocene expansion of species distribution and continued limiting gene flow between local populations.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that postglacial population responses vary among regions and are controlled by environmental and geographic factors. Thus, changes in snowfall regime played a major role in shaping the distribution and genetic structure of the snow‐dependent plant.
Aggressive T‐cell lymphomas: 2024: Updates on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management
Authors: Ong Shin Yeu , Zain Jasmine M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionAggressive T‐cell lymphomas continue to have a poor prognosis. There are over 30 different subtypes of peripheral T‐cell lymphoma (PTCL), and we are now beginning to understand the differences between the various subtypes beyond histologic variations.Molecular Pathogenesis of Various Subtypes of PTCLGene expression profiling and other molecular techniques have enabled deeper understanding of differences in various subtypes as reflected in the latest 5th WHO classification of PTCL. It is becoming increasingly clear that therapeutic approaches that target specific cellular pathways are needed to improve the clinical outcomes of PTCL.Targeted TherapiesThere are many targeted agents currently in various stages of clinical trials for PTCL that take advantage of the differential expression of specific proteins or receptors in PTCL tumors. This includes the CD30 directed antibody drug conjugate brentuximab vedotin. Other notable targets are phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors, CD25, and chemokine receptor 4. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors are promising for ALK expressing tumors.ImmunotherapiesAllogeneic stem cell transplant continues to be the curative therapy for most aggressive subtypes of PTCL. The use of checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of PTCL is still controversial, with best results seen in cases of extranodal natural killer cell/T‐cell lymphoma. Bispecific antibody‐based treatments and chimeric antigen receptor cell‐based therapies are in clinical trials.
Variation of thoracolumbar vertebral morphology in anthropoid primates
Authors: Kinoshita Yuki , Hirasaki Eishi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesMorphological variation among extant primates in the lumbar vertebral column is well studied. However, knowledge concerning the thoracic spine, an important region responsible for supporting and facilitating movement in the upper trunk, remains relatively scarce. Consequently, our comprehension of the functional differentiation exhibited throughout the thoracolumbar vertebral column among various primate species remains constrained. In this study, we examined patterns of morphological variation in the thoracolumbar vertebral column of extant hominoids, cercopithecoids, and Ateles.Materials and MethodsWe collected external shape data on 606 thoracic and lumbar vertebrae from Homo sapiens, Pan troglodytes, Hylobates lar, Macaca fuscata, Chlorocebus aethiops, Colobus guereza, Ateles geoffroyi, and A. belzebuth. Forty‐four landmarks were obtained on the three‐dimensional surface. Geometric morphometrics was used to quantify the centroid size and variation of the shapes of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.ResultsCercopithecoids exhibited greater variation in the size and shape of their thoracic and lumbar vertebrae compared to hominoids and Ateles. Although many vertebral features contributed to the observed variation throughout the thoracolumbar vertebral column within the taxon, the transverse and spinous processes exhibited relatively major contributions.DiscussionOur results suggest that quadrupedal locomotion requires the functional differentiation between thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, and for hominoids, functional adaptation to orthograde posture necessitates a relatively more uniform shape of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.
Astroglial activation: Current concepts and future directions
Authors: Edison Paul 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAstrocytes are abundantly and ubiquitously expressed cell types with diverse functions throughout the central nervous system. Astrocytes show remarkable plasticity and exhibit morphological, molecular, and functional remodeling in response to injury, disease, or infection of the central nervous system, as evident in neurodegenerative diseases. Astroglial mediated inflammation plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. This review focus on the role of astrocytes as essential players in neuroinflammation and discuss their morphological and functional heterogeneity in the normal central nervous system and explore the spatial and temporal variations in astroglial phenotypes observed under different disease conditions. This review discusses the intimate relationship of astrocytes to pathological hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, this review considers the putative therapeutic strategies that can be deployed to modulate the astroglial functions in neurodegenerative diseases.Highlights
Astroglia mediated neuroinflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
Activated astrocytes exhibit diverse phenotypes in a region‐specific manner in brain and interact with β‐amyloid, tau, and α‐synuclein species as well as with microglia and neuronal circuits.
Activated astrocytes are likely to influence the trajectory of disease progression of neurodegenerative diseases, as determined by the stage of disease, individual susceptibility, and state of astroglial priming.
Modulation of astroglial activation may be a therapeutic strategy at various stages in the trajectory of neurodegenerative diseases to modify the disease course.
Health and Healthcare Disparities in Pediatric Epilepsy in the United States: A Scoping Review
Authors: Skjei Karen L. , Beatty Christopher , Bhatia Sonal , Garcia‐Sosa Rebecca , Joshi Charuta , Patel Shital , Singhal Nilika S. , Taylor Connie , Vetter Imelda L. , Wagner Janelle L. 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivesHealth disparities impact epilepsy care in children. Previous efforts to summarize data in this population have been limited. This study sought to understand how this information exists in the literature and identify gaps in knowledge.MethodsA scoping review of peer‐reviewed articles and gray literature was conducted using PRISMA guidelines. Disparity populations (e.g., Sex, Race/Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status) and disparity outcomes (e.g., Quality of Life (QOL)/Psychological, Utilization, Mortality/Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy) were identified. A finding was defined as a single result from a discrete statistical analysis of a specific clinical outcome by disparity population. Data extraction identified where this information existed in the literature and how it was reported.ResultsA total of 307 publications revealed 769 unique disparity/equity findings. Disparity populations were unequally represented (p < 0.0001). Sex and Race/Ethnicity had the most findings while Language/Immigration had the fewest. Nearly a quarter of findings (23%) addressed QOL/Psychological outcomes. The highest percentages of disparities were found in the Utilization, Mortality/SUDEP, and Economic categories. Of the 204 publications reporting disparity findings, fewer than half actually intended to investigate disparities as one of their original objectives. Of the disparity findings identified in peer‐reviewed articles, a third were not mentioned in the abstract and 20% were not addressed in the discussion.InterpretationA comprehensive scoping review of health disparities in pediatric epilepsy found that specific disparity populations like Sex and Race/Ethnicity were robustly explored, while Language/Immigration was under‐represented, despite a high rate of disparities. Health‐related outcome categories were also unequally investigated. Disparity findings were often difficult to access within publications. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:733–742