bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Willing but Unable: Reassessing the Relationship between Racial Group Consciousness and Black Political Participation
Authors: SMITH JASMINE CARRERA , CLEMONS JARED , KRISHNAMURTHY ARVIND , MARTINEZ MIGUEL , MCLAREN LEANN , WHITE ISMAIL K. 
Published: October 2023

In this article, we offer a framework for understanding the role that racial group consciousness (RGC) plays in influencing Black Americans’ engagement in costly political action. Attempting to add clarity to decades of inconsistent and at times contradictory findings, we argue that the effect of RGC at inspiring political action among Black Americans is conditional on (1) the relevance of the political activity to achieving a well-recognized racial group outcome and (2) individual capacity to assume the cost of engaging in the activity. Analyzing data from the ANES and two behavioral experiments, we find that RGC exhibits a consistently strong relationship with engagement in low-cost political behavior, regardless of whether the behavior has some explicit group-relevant outcome. When engagement becomes more costly, however, Blacks high in RGC are only willing to assume these costs if the engagement has some clear potential for racial group benefit.
Burstein’s permutation conjecture, Hong and Li’s inversion sequence conjecture and restricted Eulerian distributions
Authors: Chern Shane , Fu Shishuo , Lin Zhicong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecently, Hong and Li launched a systematic study of length-four pattern avoidance in inversion sequences, and in particular, they conjectured that the number of 0021-avoiding inversion sequences can be enumerated by the OEIS entry A218225. Meanwhile, Burstein suggested that the same sequence might also count three sets of pattern-restricted permutations. The objective of this paper is not only a confirmation of Hong and Li’s conjecture and Burstein’s first conjecture but also two more delicate generating function identities with the $\mathsf{ides}$ statistic concerned in the restricted permutation case and the $\mathsf{asc}$ statistic concerned in the restricted inversion sequence case, which yield a new equidistribution result.
Women's Work and the Occupational Structure in Late Nineteenth-Century Sweden
Authors: Lindström Jonas , Ågren Maria 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
It has long been recognized that, in order to understand economies in the past, we need better information about women's work and tertiary sector work. It is also well known that, while valuable in many ways, nineteenth-century censuses give incomplete information about women's contributions to the economy. Consequently, censuses are a poor basis for estimating the occupational structure. This article offers a solution to these problems by triangulating census data with qualitative information extracted from court records. The result is a more reasonable estimate of the first-level occupational structure in a Swedish local society (Västerås and its surroundings) around 1880. This estimate suggests that just before the onset of industrialization, around eighty per cent of the adult population, women and men, were active in primary and tertiary sector work. Compared to the census, the analysis sets women's share in the primary and the tertiary sectors at higher levels. The article has a strong methodological focus and describes in detail how the court records were analysed and adjusted to be comparable with the census.
‘A firm foundation for future understanding, respect and friendship’: the ideals and reality of post-war town twinning, 1945–2020
Authors: Warwick Tosh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFormalized in the 1970s through the Middlesbrough–Oberhausen Town Twinning partnership (Partnerschaft Oberhausen–Middlesbrough), the connection between the two post-industrial towns dates back further to informal connections in the early 1950s and an age of reconciliation between the two nations. This article explores the origins, mechanisms, benefits and challenges of town twinning by drawing upon a rich body of empirical evidence from local authority records, press coverage, interviews and community reminiscence. The study provides the first academic analysis of the changes, challenges, continuities and continued relevance of town twinning in one of Britain’s leading pro-Brexit areas.
Is the emergency department used as a substitute or a complement to primary care in Medicaid?
Authors: Denham Alina , Hill Elaine L. , Raven Maria , Mendoza Michael , Raz Mical , Veazie Peter J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPolicies to decrease low-acuity emergency department (ED) use have traditionally assumed that EDs are a substitute for unavailable primary care (PC). However, such policies can exacerbate ED overcrowding, rather than ameliorate it, if patients use EDs to complement, rather than substitute, their PC use. We tested whether Medicaid managed care enrolees visit the ED for nonemergent and PC treatable conditions to substitute for or to complement PC. Based on consumer choice theory, we modelled county-level monthly ED visit rate as a function of PC supply and used 2012–2015 New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) outpatient data and non-linear least squares method to test substitution vs complementarity. In the post-Medicaid expansion period (2014–2015), ED and PC are substitutes state-wide, but are complements in highly urban and poorer counties during nights and weekends. There is no evidence of complementarity before the expansion (2012–2013). Analyses by PC provider demonstrate that the relationship between ED and PC differs depending on whether PC is provided by physicians or advanced practice providers. Policies to reduce low-acuity ED use via improved PC access in Medicaid are likely to be most effective if they focus on increasing actual appointment availability, ideally by physicians, in areas with low PC provider supply. Different aspects of PC access may be differently related to low-acuity ED use.
The Limits of Deduction in the Identification of Customary International Law
Authors: LANDO Massimo Fabio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMuch scholarship on customary international law has examined the merits of induction, deduction, and assertion as approaches to custom identification. Save for where international tribunals identify custom by assertion, writers have viewed custom identification that does not rely on evidence of State practice and opinio juris as an example of deductive reasoning. However, writers have stated that, at best, deduction is reasoning from the general to the particular. This article draws on legal philosophy to define the contours of deductive reasoning and argues that pure deduction, namely deduction not combined with other forms of reasoning, is an unsound approach to custom identification. This argument is tested by reference to cases of custom identification by the International Court of Justice, categorised according to three types of deduction: normative, functional, and analogical. This article also explores the authority and utility of custom identification by pure deduction and its impact on content determination.
Modeling Snow and Ice Microwave Emissions in the Arctic for a Multi‐Parameter Retrieval of Surface and Atmospheric Variables From Microwave Radiometer Satellite Data
Authors: Rückert Janna E. , Huntemann Marcus , Tonboe Rasmus Tage , Spreen Gunnar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMonitoring surface and atmospheric parameters—like water vapor—is challenging in the Arctic, despite the daily Arctic‐wide coverage of spaceborne microwave radiometer data. This is mainly due to the difficulties in characterizing the sea ice surface emission: sea ice and snow microwave emission is high and highly variable. There are very few data sets combining relevant in situ measurements with co‐located remote sensing data, which further complicates the development of accurate retrieval algorithms. Here, we present a multi‐parameter retrieval based on the inversion of a forward model for both, atmosphere and surface, for non‐melting conditions. The model consists of a layered microwave emission model of snow and ice. Since snow scattering and emission effects, as well as temperature gradients, are taken into account, a high variability in brightness temperatures can be simulated. For ocean regions and the atmosphere existing parameterized forward models are used. By using optimal estimation, the forward model can be inverted allowing for the simultaneous and consistent retrieval of nine variables: integrated water vapor, liquid water path, sea ice concentration, multi‐year ice fraction, snow depth, snow‐ice interface temperature and snow‐air interface temperature as well as sea‐surface temperature and wind speed (over open ocean). In addition, the method provides retrieval uncertainty estimates for each retrieved parameter. To evaluate the forward model as well as the retrieval, we use the extensive data sets acquired during the year‐long Arctic expedition Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (2019–2020) as a reference.
Twenty-four-hour ambulatory, but not clinic blood pressure associates with leptin in young adults with overweight or obesity: The African-PREDICT study
Authors: van Niekerk Elandi , Botha-Le Roux Shani , Mels Catharina M. C. , Swanepoel Mariette , Delles Christian , Welsh Paul , Kruger Ruan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHypertension and obesity are known pro-inflammatory conditions, and limited studies explored various blood pressure modalities and inflammatory markers in young adults with overweight or obesity (OW/OB). We assessed the relationship of clinic and 24 h ambulatory blood pressure with an array of inflammatory markers in young adults with OW/OB. This cross-sectional study included women and men of Black and White ethnicity (n = 1194) with a median age of 24.5 ± 3.12 years. Participants were divided into normal weight and OW/OB groups according to body mass index. Clinic and 24 h ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured. Inflammatory markers included leptin, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumour necrosis factor-α, adiponectin, interleukin-10, and C-reactive protein. After adjustments for age, sex, and ethnicity, the OW/OB group had higher blood pressure and an overall worse inflammatory profile compared to the normal weight group (all p ≤ 0.024). In the OW/OB group, 24 h systolic (r = 0.22; p < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.28; p < 0.001) correlated with leptin, independent of age, sex, and ethnicity. In fully adjusted regression models, 24 h systolic blood pressure (adj.R2 = 0.25; β = 0.28; p = 0.035) and diastolic blood pressure (adj.R2 = 0.10; β = 0.32; p = 0.034), associated with leptin in the OW/OB group and significance remained with additional adjustments for visceral adiposity index. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory, but not clinic blood pressure, is related to leptin in young adults with OW/OB. Leptin shows a stronger relationship with adiposity when compared to other inflammatory markers and may play a role in subcutaneous adiposity-related increased blood pressure.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis is mediated by polyfunctional lymphocytes and is dependent on an IL23/IFNγ axis
Authors: Lo Jonathan W. , Cozzetto Domenico , Alexander James L. , Danckert Nathan P. , Madgwick Matthew , Knox Naomi , Sieh Jillian Yong Xin , Olbei Marton , Liu Zhigang , Ibraheim Hajir , Blanco Jesus Miguens , Kudo Hiromi , Seoane Rocio Castro , Possamai Lucia A. , Goldin Robert , Marchesi Julian , Korcsmaros Tamas , Lord Graham M. , Powell Nick 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) are a relatively newly licenced cancer treatment, which make a once previously untreatable disease now amenable to a potential cure. Combination regimens of anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD-1 show enhanced efficacy but are prone to off-target immune-mediated tissue injury, particularly at the barrier surfaces. To probe the impact of immune checkpoints on intestinal homoeostasis, mice are challenged with anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and manipulation of the intestinal microbiota. The immune profile of the colon of these mice with CPI-colitis is analysed using bulk RNA sequencing, single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry. CPI-colitis in mice is dependent on the composition of the intestinal microbiota and by the induction of lymphocytes expressing interferon-γ (IFNγ), cytotoxicity molecules and other pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. This pre-clinical model of CPI-colitis could be attenuated following blockade of the IL23/IFNγ axis. Therapeutic targeting of IFNγ-producing lymphocytes or regulatory networks, may hold the key to reversing CPI-colitis.
Genome-wide association study of thyroid-stimulating hormone highlights new genes, pathways and associations with thyroid disease
Authors: Williams Alexander T. , Chen Jing , Coley Kayesha , Batini Chiara , Izquierdo Abril , Packer Richard , Abner Erik , Kanoni Stavroula , Shepherd David J. , Free Robert C. , Hollox Edward J. , Brunskill Nigel J. , Ntalla Ioanna , Reeve Nicola , Brightling Christopher E. , Venn Laura , Adams Emma , Bee Catherine , Wallace Susan E. , Pareek Manish , Hansell Anna L. , Esko Tõnu ,   Estonian Biobank Research Team, Stow Daniel , Jacobs Benjamin M. , van Heel David A. ,   Genes & Health Research Team, Hennah William , Rao Balasubramanya S. , Dudbridge Frank , Wain Louise V. , Shrine Nick , Tobin Martin D. , John Catherine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThyroid hormones play a critical role in regulation of multiple physiological functions and thyroid dysfunction is associated with substantial morbidity. Here, we use electronic health records to undertake a genome-wide association study of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, with a total sample size of 247,107. We identify 158 novel genetic associations, more than doubling the number of known associations with TSH, and implicate 112 putative causal genes, of which 76 are not previously implicated. A polygenic score for TSH is associated with TSH levels in African, South Asian, East Asian, Middle Eastern and admixed American ancestries, and associated with hypothyroidism and other thyroid disease in South Asians. In Europeans, the TSH polygenic score is associated with thyroid disease, including thyroid cancer and age-of-onset of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. We develop pathway-specific genetic risk scores for TSH levels and use these in phenome-wide association studies to identify potential consequences of pathway perturbation. Together, these findings demonstrate the potential utility of genetic associations to inform future therapeutics and risk prediction for thyroid diseases.
Profiling of the Helicobacter pylori redox switch HP1021 regulon using a multi-omics approach
Authors: Noszka Mateusz , Strzałka Agnieszka , Muraszko Jakub , Kolenda Rafał , Meng Chen , Ludwig Christina , Stingl Kerstin , Zawilak-Pawlik Anna 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe gastric human pathogenHelicobacter pylorihas developed mechanisms to combat stress factors, including reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we present a comprehensive study on the redox switch protein HP1021 regulon combining transcriptomic, proteomic and DNA-protein interactions analyses. Our results indicate that HP1021 modulatesH. pylori’sresponse to oxidative stress. HP1021 controls the transcription of 497 genes, including 407 genes related to response to oxidative stress. 79 proteins are differently expressed in the HP1021 deletion mutant. HP1021 controls typical ROS response pathways (katA,rocF) and less canonical ones, particularly DNA uptake and central carbohydrate metabolism. HP1021 is a molecular regulator of competence inH. pylori, as HP1021-dependent repression of thecomBDNA uptake genes is relieved under oxidative conditions, increasing natural competence. Furthermore, HP1021 controls glucose consumption by directly regulating thegluPtransporter and has an important impact on maintaining the energetic balance in the cell.
Hierarchical organization and assembly of the archaeal cell sheath from an amyloid-like protein
Authors: Wang Hui , Zhang Jiayan , Toso Daniel , Liao Shiqing , Sedighian Farzaneh , Gunsalus Robert , Zhou Z. Hong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCertain archaeal cells possess external proteinaceous sheath, whose structure and organization are both unknown. By cellular cryogenic electron tomography (cryoET), here we have determined sheath organization of the prototypical archaeon, Methanospirillum hungatei. Fitting of Alphafold-predicted model of the sheath protein (SH) monomer into the 7.9 Å-resolution structure reveals that the sheath cylinder consists of axially stacked β-hoops, each of which is comprised of two to six 400 nm-diameter rings of β-strand arches (β-rings). With both similarities to and differences from amyloid cross-β fibril architecture, each β-ring contains two giant β-sheets contributed by ~ 450 SH monomers that entirely encircle the outer circumference of the cell. Tomograms of immature cells suggest models of sheath biogenesis: oligomerization of SH monomers into β-ring precursors after their membrane-proximal cytoplasmic synthesis, followed by translocation through the unplugged end of a dividing cell, and insertion of nascent β-hoops into the immature sheath cylinder at the junction of two daughter cells.
DNMT and HDAC inhibition induces immunogenic neoantigens from human endogenous retroviral element-derived transcripts
Authors: Goyal Ashish , Bauer Jens , Hey Joschka , Papageorgiou Dimitris N. , Stepanova Ekaterina , Daskalakis Michael , Scheid Jonas , Dubbelaar Marissa , Klimovich Boris , Schwarz Dominic , Märklin Melanie , Roerden Malte , Lin Yu-Yu , Ma Tobias , Mücke Oliver , Rammensee Hans-Georg , Lübbert Michael , Loayza-Puch Fabricio , Krijgsveld Jeroen , Walz Juliane S. , Plass Christoph 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImmunotherapies targeting cancer-specific neoantigens have revolutionized the treatment of cancer patients. Recent evidence suggests that epigenetic therapies synergize with immunotherapies, mediated by the de-repression of endogenous retroviral element (ERV)-encoded promoters, and the initiation of transcription. Here, we use deep RNA sequencing from cancer cell lines treated with DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMTi) and/or Histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), to assemble a de novo transcriptome and identify several thousand ERV-derived, treatment-induced novel polyadenylated transcripts (TINPATs). Using immunopeptidomics, we demonstrate the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) presentation of 45 spectra-validated treatment-induced neopeptides (t-neopeptides) arising from TINPATs. We illustrate the potential of the identified t-neopeptides to elicit a T-cell response to effectively target cancer cells. We further verify the presence of t-neopeptides in AML patient samples after in vivo treatment with the DNMT inhibitor Decitabine. Our findings highlight the potential of ERV-derived neoantigens in epigenetic and immune therapies.
Telomouse—a mouse model with human-length telomeres generated by a single amino acid change in RTEL1
Authors: Smoom Riham , May Catherine Lee , Ortiz Vivian , Tigue Mark , Kolev Hannah M. , Rowe Melissa , Reizel Yitzhak , Morgan Ashleigh , Egyes Nachshon , Lichtental Dan , Skordalakes Emmanuel , Kaestner Klaus H. , Tzfati Yehuda 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTelomeres, the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, protect genome integrity and enable cell proliferation. Maintaining optimal telomere length in the germline and throughout life limits the risk of cancer and enables healthy aging. Telomeres in the house mouse, Mus musculus, are about five times longer than human telomeres, limiting the use of this common laboratory animal for studying the contribution of telomere biology to aging and cancer. We identified a key amino acid variation in the helicase RTEL1, naturally occurring in the short-telomere mouse species M. spretus. Introducing this variation into M. musculus is sufficient to reduce the telomere length set point in the germline and generate mice with human-length telomeres. While these mice are fertile and appear healthy, the regenerative capacity of their colonic epithelium is compromised. The engineered Telomouse reported here demonstrates a dominant role of RTEL1 in telomere length regulation and provides a unique model for aging and cancer.
High-resolution (1 km) Köppen-Geiger maps for 1901–2099 based on constrained CMIP6 projections
Authors: Beck Hylke E. , McVicar Tim R. , Vergopolan Noemi , Berg Alexis , Lutsko Nicholas J. , Dufour Ambroise , Zeng Zhenzhong , Jiang Xin , van Dijk Albert I. J. M. , Miralles Diego G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe introduce Version 2 of our widely used 1-km Köppen-Geiger climate classification maps for historical and future climate conditions. The historical maps (encompassing 1901–1930, 1931–1960, 1961–1990, and 1991–2020) are based on high-resolution, observation-based climatologies, while the future maps (encompassing 2041–2070 and 2071–2099) are based on downscaled and bias-corrected climate projections for seven shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs). We evaluated 67 climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) and kept a subset of 42 with the most plausible CO2-induced warming rates. We estimate that from 1901–1930 to 1991–2020, approximately 5% of the global land surface (excluding Antarctica) transitioned to a different major Köppen-Geiger class. Furthermore, we project that from 1991–2020 to 2071–2099, 5% of the land surface will transition to a different major class under the low-emissions SSP1-2.6 scenario, 8% under the middle-of-the-road SSP2-4.5 scenario, and 13% under the high-emissions SSP5-8.5 scenario. The Köppen-Geiger maps, along with associated confidence estimates, underlying monthly air temperature and precipitation data, and sensitivity metrics for the CMIP6 models, can be accessed at www.gloh2o.org/koppen.
Fusion localization for indoor airplane inspection using visual inertial odometry and ultrasonic RTLS
Authors: Park Ingyoon , Cho Sangook 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the fusion localization system for the visual inertial odometry (VIO) and ultrasonic real-time localization system (RTLS) for indoor airplane inspection using drones is proposed. In a hangar environment, either trilateration-based RTLS or vision-based localization shows disadvantages and neither can be used alone. In this research, we design a configuration of VIO suitable for hangar environment and outlier filter on ultrasonic RTLS for non-line of sight situations, so that both can be fused using graph optimization. The proposed solution can provide more accurate localization than the visual odometry-only system as well as continue estimating positions in the absence of RTLS data. Localization and real-time performance of the proposed algorithm are evaluated through experimentation in a hangar and a flight test in an outdoor space.