bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti‐HLA‐B7/HLA‐B44 strong cross immunoreactivity observed in flow cytometry HLA‐B27 immunotyping
Authors: Francois Fabien , Waeckel Louis , Berger Anne‐Emmanuelle , Lambert Claude 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCross reactivities are known for human leukocyte antigen inside HLA‐B7 related Cross‐Reactive Group (B7CREG). Some CE‐IVD flow‐cytometry kits use double monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to distinguish HLA‐B27 and HLA‐B7 but practice reveals more complexes results. This study explores the performances of this test. Analysis of 466 consecutive cases using HLA‐B27 IOTest™ kit on a Navios™ cytometer from Beckman‐Coulter, partially compared to their genotypes. Expected haplotypes HLA‐B27‐/HLA‐B7‐ (undoubtedly HLA‐B27 negative) and HLA‐B27+/HLA‐B7‐ (undoubtedly HLA‐B27+) were clearly identified according to the manufacturer's instructions. On the opposite, patients strongly labeled with anti‐HLA‐B7 showed three different phenotypes regarding anti‐HLA‐B27 labeling: (1) most of the cases were poorly labeled in accordance with cross reactivity inside B7CREG (HLA‐B27‐/HLA‐B7+ haplotype); (2) rare cases had strong B7 and B27 labeling corresponding to HLA‐B27+/HLA‐B7+ haplotype; (3) even less cases had strong labeling by anti‐HLA‐B7 but non for anti‐HLA‐B27, all expressing HLA‐B44 and no B7CREG molecules. Surprisingly, more cases were not labeled with anti‐HLA‐B7 antibody but partially labeled with anti‐HLA‐B27 suggesting another cross reactivity out of B7CREG. mAb HLA typing suggests new, cross reactivities of anti‐HLA‐B27 antibody to more molecules out of B7CREG and of anti‐HLA‐B7 antibody but not anti‐HLA‐B27 to HLA‐B44 molecule also out of B7CREG. HLA‐B27 could surely be excluded in most samples labeled with HLA‐B27, below a “grey zone” on intermediate intensity. More comparison is needed in future studies.
BAER‐101, a selective potentiator of α2‐ and α3‐containing GABAA receptors, fully suppresses spontaneous cortical spike‐wave discharges in Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS)
Authors: MacLean Alexandra , Chappell Amy S. , Kranzler Jay , Evrard Alexis , Monchal Hugo , Roucard Corinne 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBAER‐101 (formerly AZD7325) is a selective partial potentiator of α2/3‐containing γ‐amino‐butyric acid A receptors (GABAARs) and produces minimal sedation and dizziness. Antiseizure effects in models of Dravet and Fragile X Syndromes have been published. BAER‐101 has been administered to over 700 healthy human volunteers and patients where it was found to be safe and well tolerated. To test the extent of the antiseizure activity of BAER‐1010, we tested BAER‐101 in the Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) model, a widely used and translationally relevant model. GAERS rats with recording electrodes bilaterally located over the frontal and parietal cortices were used. Electroencepholographic (EEG) signals in freely moving awake rats were analyzed for spike‐wave discharges (SWDs). BAER‐101 was administered orally at doses of 0.3–100 mg/kg and diazepam was used as a positive control using a cross‐over protocol with a wash‐out period between treatments. The number of SWDs was dose‐dependently reduced by BAER‐101 with 0.3 mg/kg being the minimally effective dose (MED). The duration of and total time in SWDs were also reduced by BAER‐101. Concentrations of drug in plasma achieved an MED of 10.1 nM, exceeding the Ki for α2 or α3, but 23 times lower than the Ki for α5‐GABAARs. No adverse events were observed up to a dose 300× MED. The data support the possibility of antiseizure efficacy without the side effects associated with other GABAAR subtypes. This is the first report of an α2/3‐selective GABA PAM suppressing seizures in the GAERS model. The data encourage proceeding to test BAER‐101 in patients with epilepsy.
Development and validation of a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method including 25 novel synthetic opioids in hair and subsequent analysis of a Swiss opioid consumer cohort
Authors: Polke Max , Concheiro Marta , Cooper Gail , Bogdal Christian , Baumgartner Markus R. , Krämer Thomas , Binz Tina M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMajor public health concern is raised by the evidence that common drugs like heroin are now frequently laced or replaced with highly potent novel synthetic opioids (NSOs). The objective of this study was to explore the prevalence and patterns of NSOs in a cohort of Swiss opioid users by hair analysis. Hair analysis is considered an ideal tool for retrospective consumption monitoring. Hair samples from 439 opioid users in Zurich were analyzed. Study inclusion required a previous positive hair test result for heroin metabolites, oxycodone, fentanyl, methadone, or tramadol. The samples were extracted with a two‐step extraction procedure, followed by a targeted LC–MS/MS (QTRAP® 6500+) analysis in multiple reaction monitoring mode for a total of 25 NSOs. The method underwent full validation and demonstrated good selectivity and sensitivity with limits of detection (LOD) as low as 0.1 pg/mg. The analyzed sample cohort demonstrated a positivity rate for NSOs of 2.5%, including the following NSOs: butyrylfentanyl, acrylfentanyl, furanylfentanyl, methoxyacetylfentanyl, ocfentanil, U‐47700, isobutyrylfentanyl and benzylfentanyl. Furthermore, we were able to identify specific consumption patterns among drug users. The results indicate that hair analysis is a valuable tool for investigating the prevalence of NSOs in drug‐using populations, which seems to be low in the case of Swiss opioid users. Nevertheless, the results highlight the need for sensitive analytical detection methods in forensic toxicology to identify and monitor substance distribution in different populations.
The long shadow of woody encroachment: An integrated approach to modeling grassland songbird habitat
Authors: Silber Katy M. , Hefley Trevor J. , Castro‐Miller Henry N. , Ratajczak Zak , Boyle W. Alice 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAnimals must track resources over relatively fine spatial and temporal scales, particularly in disturbance‐mediated systems like grasslands. Grassland birds respond to habitat heterogeneity by dispersing among sites within and between years, yet we know little about how they make post‐dispersal settlement decisions. Many methods exist to quantify the resource selection of mobile taxa, but the habitat data used in these models are frequently not collected at the same location or time that individuals were present. This spatiotemporal misalignment may lead to incorrect interpretations and adverse conservation outcomes, particularly in dynamic systems. To investigate the extent to which spatially and temporally dynamic vegetation conditions and topography drive grassland bird settlement decisions, we integrated multiple data sources from our study site to predict slope, vegetation height, and multiple metrics of vegetation cover at any point in space and time within the temporal and spatial scope of our study. We paired these predictions with avian mark‐resight data for 8 years at the Konza Prairie Biological Station in NE Kansas to evaluate territory selection for Grasshopper Sparrows (Ammodramus savannarum), Dickcissels (Spiza americana), and Eastern Meadowlarks (Sturnella magna). Each species selected different types and amounts of herbaceous vegetation cover, but all three species preferred relatively flat areas with less than 6% shrub cover and less than 1% tree cover. We evaluated several scenarios of woody vegetation removal and found that, with a targeted approach, the simulated removal of just one isolated tree in the uplands created up to 14 ha of grassland bird habitat. This study supports growing evidence that small amounts of woody encroachment can fragment landscapes, augmenting conservation threats to grassland systems. Conversely, these results demonstrate that drastic increases in bird habitat area could be achieved through relatively efficient management interventions. The results and approaches reported pave the way for more efficient conservation efforts in grasslands and other systems through spatiotemporal alignment of habitat with animal behaviors and simulated impacts of management interventions.
Your Body Is Your Home: The feasibility of an intuitive eating intervention for early adolescents
Authors: Babbott Katie M. , Consedine Nathan S. , Roberts Marion 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveIntuitive eating (IE) is an emerging health promotion framework which has shown promise in the prevention and early intervention of disordered eating (DE) behavior in adults. This study sought to extend this work by assessing the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a 5‐week IE intervention, “Your Body is Your Home,” delivered in school classrooms for early adolescents aged 11–13.MethodsThe present study utilized a quasi‐experimental design. Eligibility criteria were defined a priori and published in a registered protocol. Four classrooms (n = 128 student participants) were recruited into two streams, and self‐report questionnaires were administered at pre‐test, post‐test, and 4‐week follow‐up. The questionnaires included the Intuitive Eating Scale for Early Adolescents (IES‐2‐EA), the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS‐2), and the WHO Wellbeing Index (WHO‐5). Linear mixed models were used to conduct preliminary efficacy testing.ResultsThe results indicate that a brief classroom‐based IE intervention is feasible and acceptable for both students and teaching staff; retention, fidelity, and attendance targets were achieved. Students and teachers rated all five sessions of the intervention as a highly feasible method of health promotion. Further, preliminary efficacy data suggest IE interventions aimed at early adolescents may be a feasible way of improving certain aspects of IE (p < .001) in male and female participants, and body appreciation (p < .001) in male participants.DiscussionThe study provides preliminary support for the implementation and evaluation of an IE intervention as part of school‐based health promotion and offers preliminary effect size estimates for a larger‐scale randomized trial.Public SignificanceExisting evidence suggests that IE may be a useful framework through which relationships with food and the body can be improved. The present study seeks to extend this work by adapting the framework for early adolescents (among whom the framework is not well understood) and examining feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary changes to several health and well‐being metrics following a 5‐week school‐based intervention.
Use of natriuretic peptides and echocardiography for diagnosing heart failure
Authors: Talha Khawaja M. , Januzzi James L. , Meng Tong , Greene Stephen J. , Vaduganathan Muthiah , Janicijevic Tijana K. , John Ani , Bayes‐Genis Antoni , Butler Javed 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTAimsInternational guidelines have recommended the use of echocardiography and natriuretic peptides (NP) testing in the diagnostic evaluation of heart failure (HF) for more than 10 years. However, real‐world utilization of these diagnostic tests in the US is not known. We sought to assess contemporary trends in echocardiography and NP testing for diagnosing HF in the US.Methods and resultsThe TriNetX data were queried for the total number of first HF diagnoses in adults aged >18 years in the US from 2016 to 2019 with exclusions applied. NP testing and echocardiography any time before through 1 year following the index diagnosis were assessed. Temporal trends significance was evaluated using Cochran–Armitage trend tests. A total of 124 126 patients were included. Mean age was 68 ± 13 years, 53% were male, and 71% were White. Overall, 61 023 (49%) incident diagnoses were made in the outpatient and 63 103 (51%) in the inpatient setting with a significantly increasing trend toward inpatient diagnoses (p < 0.001). Of all incident HF diagnoses, 70 612 (57%) underwent echocardiography, 67 991 (55%) underwent NP testing, and 31 206 (25%) did not undergo either diagnostic test. There were increasing trends in the proportion of patients diagnosed in the inpatient versus outpatient setting that underwent echocardiography, NP testing, and either diagnostic test (p < 0.001 for all).ConclusionsWe found low rates of echocardiography and NP testing in those with HF, with more of such testing performed amongst inpatient diagnoses. We also found increasing rates of inpatient HF diagnoses, indicating lost opportunities for earlier treatment initiation and better outcomes.
Thiophane‐Catalyzed Umpolung of N‐Bromoimides for Dibromination of Olefins
Authors: Wang Miao , Niu Teng , Xu Changming 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA thiophane‐catalyzed dibromination of olefins using NBS as the sole bromine source has been developed, providing a low‐cost and mild methodology for preparing vicinally dibrominated compounds from electron‐neutral or ‐deficient alkenes. The mechanistic investigation showed that 2,3‐dihydrothiophene generated in situ from the reaction of thiophane with NBS was the actual catalyst, which reversed the polarity of NBS to yield bromide ion.
Morphological characteristics of gullies affected by the soil type of artificial slopes in the Dry‐hot Valley Region, Southwest China
Authors: Yang Dan , Yu Yushou , Luo Mingliang , Zhang Bin , Liu Hui , Xu Ting 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGully erosion is widely recognized as a significant form of land degradation globally, posing threats to ecological security and human societal development because of its ability to generate substantial amount of sediment. Artificial slopes are commonly disturbed landforms that are susceptible to intensive gully erosion. Morphological characteristics play a crucial role in assessing the intensity of gully erosion and can be utilized to predict sediment yield. Notably, soil type has been identified as a key factor influencing the morphological characteristics of gullies. Consequently, a comprehensive analysis was conducted based on meticulous field investigations to examine the impact of soil type on the morphological characteristics of gullies on artificial slopes in the Dry‐hot Valley Region of Southwest China. The results showed that the gully cross‐sectional area (Ac), curvature (Cc), and shape index (Si) exhibited a decrease along the downslope direction of the artificial slopes for all three studied soil types, following power functions. Additionally, the soil type of the artificial slope significantly influenced the mean values of the gully cross‐sectional morphological characteristics. Regarding the longitudinal morphological characteristics of the gullies, the largest longitudinal concavity (Ca), longitudinal curvature (Cl), and length‐gradient index (Gl) values were observed for the Vertisol, Entisol, and Ferrasol, respectively. These findings suggested that gullies developed on different soil types exhibit significant variations, particularly in terms of longitudinal morphological characteristics. Furthermore, strong correlations were detected between the gully cross‐sectional and longitudinal profile morphological characteristics, and the gully cross‐sectional shape index (Si) was correlated with all the longitudinal profile morphological characteristics. This study offers valuable insights into the morphological characteristics of gullies on artificial slopes with different soil types. Such knowledge is of paramount importance for effectively preventing and controlling gully erosion in contemporary society.
Probabilistic electricity price forecasting based on penalized temporal fusion transformer
Authors: Jiang He , Pan Sheng , Dong Yao , Wang Jianzhou 
Published: February 2024

AbstactIn the deregulated electricity market, it is increasingly important to accurately predict the fluctuating, nonlinear, and high‐frequent electricity price for market decision‐making. However, the uncertainties associated with electricity prices, such as non‐stationarity, nonlinearity, and high volatility, pose critical difficulties for electricity price forecasting (EPF). Unlike point forecasting, which provides only a single, deterministic estimate of future prices, probabilistic forecasting gives a more comprehensive and nuanced picture of future price dynamics, which can help market participants make better‐informed decisions when facing uncertainty. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a robust deep learning method for multi‐step probabilistic forecasting. First, we use the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) in the expert model to generate point forecasts. Second, we introduce the smoothly clipped absolute deviation regularization term, a nonconvex penalty with proven oracle properties in model selection, into temporal fusion transformers. Finally, we employ the proposed model to integrate point forecasts to give probabilistic forecasts. To evaluate the proposed forecasting model, real‐data experiments are conducted in the Nord Pool electricity market and the Polish Power Exchange market. Empirical results show that the proposed model has demonstrated superior probabilistic forecasting performances compared with other competitors and has proven its effectiveness in real‐world applications.
Optimization of the method of ultrasonic extraction of lycopene with a green extract from the fruit of Elaeagnus umbellata, common in Western Georgia
Authors: Surmanidze Nona , Vanidze Maia , Djafaridze Indira , Davitadze Ruslan , Qarcivadze Inga , Khakhutaishvili Meri , Kalandia Aleko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe study determined the content of lycopene in the fruits of the Elaeagnus umbellata (35.25–60.21 mg/100 g), common at different heights above sea level in Western Georgia. For the effective extraction of lycopene as a biologically active substance, the optimal conditions for ultrasonic extraction were selected: sunflower oil was used as a “green solvent”; the ratio of solid mass and solvent was 1:50; temperature 30°C; ultrasound amplitude 40%; power 85 W; and extraction time 10 min. FTIR spectra revealed the characteristic functional groups of lycopene exhibiting two characteristic peaks at 2920 and 2950 cm−1. To explore the effect of lycopene on oil quality, the acid value, peroxide value, and p‐anisidine were determined in each oil sample. The antioxidant determination by inhibition of DPPH radicals showed significant differences in native oils and oils with lycopene.
Dual independent pathway‐densely connected residual network with dilated convolution‐based arterial spin labeling MRI image reconstruction with minimum label‐control pairs
Authors: Shyna A. , Ushadevi Amma C. , John Ansamma , Kesavadas C. , Thomas Bejoy 
Published: February 2024

AbstractArterial spin labeling (ASL) is a non‐invasive MRI technique widely used to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF), but it suffers from poor SNR, requiring the acquisition of a large number of multiple Label‐Control (L‐C) pairs at the expense of prolonged acquisition time. This work proposed a novel deep learning network to reconstruct the ASL CBF map using the minimum number of L‐C pairs. A dataset comprising 72 normal ASL raw images with 52 L‐C pairs is obtained from ADNI2. The mean CBF map, derived from 52 L‐C pairs with Gaussian smoothing and outlier cleaning, serves as the reference. The mean CBF images obtained from randomly selected 10 pairs per subject, without preprocessing, are employed as input for the proposed model. A novel data augmentation technique for model training, leveraging the characteristics of ASL L‐C pairs, is implemented. The accuracy and reproducibility of the reconstructed ASL CBF map were assessed with various state‐of‐the‐art methods on both normal and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) data. The proposed model surpasses state‐of‐the‐art methods, yielding PSNR = 23.9542, SSIM = 0.81499, and Lin's CCC = 0.9168 for the ASL CBF map with 10 L‐C pairs in normal data. For AD patients, the model achieves PSNR of 22.5932, SSIM of 0.80923, and Lin's CCC of 0.9078. The Bland–Altman plot, using the radiologist's manual GMCBF ROI, consistently aligns the estimated and reference CBF values. The novel data augmentation technique improved the ASL CBF map quantification accuracy with Lin's CCC >0.9. The proposed work is a promising approach to reconstructing the ASL CBF map using a minimum number of ASL LC pairs that can lead to low image acquisition time with a reduction in motion artifacts. The use of a novel data augmentation approach, utilizing the properties of ASL L‐C pairs, allows for the generation of a large dataset for further experimentation and analysis.
Light stimulation of mitochondria reduces blood glucose levels
Authors: Powner Michael B. , Jeffery Glen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMitochondria regulate metabolism, but solar light influences its rate. Photobiomodulation (PBM) with red light (670 nm) increases mitochondrial membrane potentials and adenosine triphosphate production and may increase glucose demand. Here we show, with a glucose tolerance test, that PBM of normal subjects significantly reduces blood sugar levels. A 15 min exposure to 670 nm light reduced the degree of blood glucose elevation following glucose intake by 27.7%, integrated over 2 h after the glucose challenge. Maximum glucose spiking was reduced by 7.5%. Consequently, PBM with 670 nm light can be used to reduce blood glucose spikes following meals. This intervention may reduce damaging fluctuations of blood glucose on the body.
Development of a bottom‐up coarse‐grained model for interactions of lipids with TiO 2 nanoparticles
Authors: Ivanov Mikhail , Lyubartsev Alexander P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUnderstanding interactions of inorganic nanoparticles with biomolecules is important in many biotechnology, nanomedicine, and toxicological research, however, the size of typical nanoparticles makes their direct modeling by atomistic simulations unfeasible. Here, we present a bottom‐up coarse‐graining approach for modeling titanium dioxide (TiO) nanomaterials in contact with phospholipids that uses the inverse Monte Carlo method to optimize the effective interactions from the structural data obtained in small‐scale all‐atom simulations of TiO surfaces with lipids in aqueous solution. The resulting coarse‐grained models are able to accurately reproduce the structural details of lipid adsorption on different titania surfaces without the use of an explicit solvent, enabling significant computational resource savings and favorable scaling. Our coarse‐grained simulations show that small spherical TiO nanoparticles ( nm) can only be partially wrapped by a lipid bilayer with phosphoethanolamine headgroups, however, the lipid adsorption increases with the radius of the nanoparticle. The current approach can be used to study the effect of the size and shape of TiO nanoparticles on their interactions with cell membrane lipids, which can be a determining factor in membrane wrapping as well as the recently discovered phenomenon of nanoquarantining, which involves the formation of layered nanomaterial–lipid structures.