bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of compositional heterogeneity and spatial autocorrelation on richness and diversity in simulated landscapes
Authors: Tardanico Joseph , Hovestadt Thomas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLandscape structure plays a key role in mediating a variety of ecological processes affecting biodiversity patterns; however, its precise effects and the mechanisms underpinning them remain unclear. While the effects of landscape structure have been extensively investigated both empirically and theoretically from a metapopulation perspective, the effects of spatial structure at the landscape scale remain poorly explored from a metacommunity perspective. Here, we attempt to address this gap using a spatially explicit, individual‐based metacommunity model to explore the effects of landscape compositional heterogeneity and per se spatial configuration on diversity at the landscape and patch levels via their influence on long‐term community assembly processes. Our model simulates communities composed of species of annual, asexual organisms living, reproducing, dispersing, and competing within grid‐based, fractal landscapes that vary in their magnitude of spatial environmental heterogeneity and in their degree of spatial environmental autocorrelation. Communities are additionally subject to temporal environmental fluctuations and external immigration, allowing for turnover in community composition. We found that compositional heterogeneity and spatial autocorrelation had differing effects on richness, diversity, and the landscape and patch scales. Landscape‐level diversity was driven by community dissimilarity at the patch level and increased with greater heterogeneity, while landscape richness was largely the result of the short‐term accumulation of immigrants and decreased with greater compositional heterogeneity. Both richness and diversity decreased in variance with greater compositional heterogeneity, indicating a reduction in community turnover over time. Patch‐level richness and diversity patterns appeared to be driven by overall landscape richness and local mass effects, resulting in maximum patch‐level richness and diversity at moderate levels of compositional heterogeneity and high spatial autocorrelation.
Impact of anaemia and iron deficiency on outcomes in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Obradovic Danilo , Loncar Goran , Zeymer Uwe , Pöss Janine , Feistritzer Hans‐Josef , Freund Anne , Jobs Alexander , Fuernau Georg , Desch Steffen , Ceglarek Uta , Isermann Berend , von Haehling Stephan , Anker Stefan D. , Büttner Petra , Thiele Holger 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsAnaemia and iron deficiency (ID) are common comorbidities in cardiovascular patients and are associated with a poor clinical status, as well as a worse outcome in patients with heart failure and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Nevertheless, data concerning the impact of anaemia and ID on clinical outcomes in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) are scarce. This study aimed to assess the impact of anaemia and ID on clinical outcomes in patients with CS complicating AMI.Methods and resultsThe presence of anaemia (haemoglobin <13 g/dl in men and <12 g/dl in women) or ID (ferritin <100 ng/ml or transferrin saturation <20%) was determined in patients with CS due to AMI from the CULPRIT‐SHOCK trial. Blood samples were collected in the catheterization laboratory during initial percutaneous coronary intervention. Clinical outcomes were compared in four groups of patients having neither anaemia nor ID, against patients with anaemia with or without ID and patients with ID only. A total of 427 CS patients were included in this analysis. Anaemia without ID was diagnosed in 93 (21.7%), anaemia with ID in 54 study participants (12.6%), ID without anaemia in 72 patients (16.8%), whereas in 208 patients neither anaemia nor ID was present (48.9%). CS patients with anaemia without ID were older (73 ± 10 years, p = 0.001), had more frequently a history of arterial hypertension (72.8%, p = 0.01), diabetes mellitus (47.8%, p = 0.001), as well as chronic kidney disease (14.1%, p = 0.004) compared to CS patients in other groups. Anaemic CS patients without ID presence were at higher risk to develop a composite from all‐cause death or renal replacement therapy at 30‐day follow‐up (odds ratio [OR] 3.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.23–6.62, p < 0.001) than CS patients without anaemia/ID. The presence of ID in CS patients, with and without concomitant anaemia, did not increase the risk for the primary outcome (OR 1.17, 95% CI 0.64–2.13, p = 0.64; and OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.59–1.73, p = 0.54; respectively) within 30 days of follow‐up. In time‐to‐event Kaplan–Meier analysis, anaemic CS patients without ID had a significantly higher hazard ratio (HR) for the primary outcome (HR 2.11, 95% CI 1.52–2.89, p < 0.001), as well as for death from any cause (HR 1.90, 95% CI 1.36–2.65, p < 0.001) and renal replacement therapy during 30‐day follow‐up (HR 2.99, 95% CI 1.69–5.31, p < 0.001).ConclusionConcomitant anaemia without ID presence in patients with CS at hospital presentation is associated with higher risk for death from any cause or renal replacement therapy and the individual components of this composite endpoint within 30 days after hospitalization. ID has no relevant impact on clinical outcomes in patients with CS.
Automized inline monitoring in perfused mammalian cell culture by MIR spectroscopy without calibration model building
Authors: Marienberg Hannah , Desch Nicole , Mozin Vitalii , Sykora‐Mirle Lorenz , Müller Anja , Roth Andreas , Käfer Mathias , Neef Rüdiger 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProcess Analytical Technologies (PATs) are taking a key role in the run for automatization in the biopharmaceutical industry. Spectroscopic methods such as Raman spectroscopy or mid‐infrared (MIR) spectroscopy are getting more recognition in the recent years for inline monitoring of bioprocesses due to their ability to measure various molecules simultaneously. However, their dependency on laborious model calibration making them a challenge to implement. In this study, a novel one‐point calibration that requires a single reference point prior to the inline monitoring of glucose and lactate in bioprocesses with MIR spectroscopy is assessed with 22 mammalian cell perfusion (PER) processes in two different scales and four different products. Concentrations are predicted over all PERs runs with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.29 g/L for glucose and 0.24 g/L for lactate, respectively. For comparison conventional partial least square regression (PLSR) models were used and trained with spectroscopic data from six bioreactor runs in two different scales and three products. The general accuracy of those models (RMSE of 0.41 g/L for glucose and 0.16 g/L for lactate) are in the range of the accuracy of the one‐point calibration. This shows the potential of the one‐point calibration as an approach making spectroscopy more accessible for bioprocess development.
Tissue‐derived highly compressible anisotropic carbon aerogels with aligned fibrous matrices for solid‐state rechargeable zinc‐cobalt‐air hybrid batteries
Authors: Park Ye‐Eun , Park Seung‐Hee , Ahn Sung Hoon 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe rising demand for wearable zinc‐air batteries encounters challenges in balancing electrochemical performance and mechanical resilience. Elastic carbon aerogels in air cathodes necessitate a metal content constraint of less than 3 wt.%, adversely impacting catalytic activity optimization. This study presents a novel fabrication method for fibrous carbon aerogels with high compressive resilience and extraordinary catalytic performance. An external layer of graphene shells and carbon nanotubes integrated onto the fibrous carbon matrix mitigates metallic species diffusion. This confinement ensures exceptional bi‐catalytic activity for oxygen‐involved redox reactions without compromising ultra‐elasticity. With high cobalt content in the aerogel cathode, it exhibits minimal voltage gaps during charge–discharge cycles, showcasing unique zinc‐cobalt‐air hybrid battery characteristics. It sustains exceptional elasticity in repeated testing, achieving approximately 79.2% round‐trip efficiency over a 60‐h cycle test, underscoring its potential as a wearable energy storage device.image
Exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants in Australian Waterbirds
Authors: Nzabanita Damien , Shen Hao , Grist Stephen , Lewis Phoebe J. , Hampton Jordan O. , Firestone Simon M. , Hufschmid Jasmin , Nugegoda Dayanthi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
There is growing worldwide recognition of the threat posed by persistent organic pollutants (POPs) to wildlife populations. We aimed to measure exposure levels to POPs in a Southern Hemisphere aquatic waterbird species, the nomadic gray teal (Anas gracilis), which is found across Australia. We collected wings from 39 ducks harvested by recreational hunters at two sites (one coastal, one inland) in Victoria, southeastern Australia, in 2021. We examined three groups of POPs: nine congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 13 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and 12 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The PCBs, OCPs, and PAHs were detected at quantifiable levels in 13%, 72%, and 100% of birds, respectively. Of the congeners we tested for in PCBs, OCPs, and PAHs, 33%, 38%, and 100% were detected at quantifiable levels, respectively. The highest levels of exposure to POPs that we found were to the PAH benzo[b]fluoranthene, occurring at a concentration range of 1.78 to 161.05 ng/g wet weight. There were some trends detected relating to differences between geographical sites, with higher levels of several PAHs at the coastal versus inland site. There were several strong, positive associations among PAHs found. We discuss potential sources for the POPs detected, including industrial and agricultural sources, and the likely role of large-scale forest fires in PAH levels. Our results confirm that while Australian waterbirds are exposed to a variety of POPs, exposure levels are currently relatively low. Additional future investigations are required to further characterize POPs within Australian waterbird species. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:736–747. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Embryonic Exposure to Benzotriazole Ultraviolet Stabilizer 327 Alters Behavior of Rainbow Trout Alevin
Authors: Eriksson Andreas N. M. , Dubiel Justin , Zink Lauren , Lu Zhe , Doering Jon A. , Wiseman Steve 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Benzotriazole ultraviolet (UV) stabilizers (BUVSs) are used in great quantities during industrial production of a variety of consumer and industrial goods. As a result of leaching and spill, BUVSs are detectable ubiquitously in the environment. As of May 2023, citing concerns related to bioaccumulation, biomagnification, and environmental persistence, (B)UV(S)-328 was recommended to be listed under Annex A of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. However, a phaseout of UV-328 could result in a regrettable substitution because the replacement chemical(s) could cause similar or unpredicted toxicity in vivo, relative to UV-328. Therefore, the influence of UV-327, a potential replacement of UV-328, was investigated with respect to early life development of newly fertilized rainbow trout embryos (Oncorhynchus mykiss), microinjected with environmentally relevant concentrations of UV-327. Developmental parameters (standard length), energy consumption (yolk area), heart function, blue sac disease, mortality, and behavior were investigated. Alevins at 14 days posthatching, exposed to 107 ng UV-327 g−1 egg, presented significant signs of hyperactivity; they moved on average 1.8-fold the distance and at 1.5-fold the velocity of controls. Although a substantial reduction in body burden of UV-327 was observed at hatching, it is postulated that UV-327, due to its lipophilic properties, interfered with neurological development and signaling from the onset of neurogenesis. If these results hold true across multiple taxa and species, a potential contributor to neurodevelopmental disorders might have been identified. These findings suggest that UV-327 poses an unknown hazard to rainbow trout embryos and alevins, rendering UV-327 a potential regrettable substitution to UV-328. However, a qualified statement on a regrettable substitution requires a comparative investigation on the teratogenic effects between the two BUVSs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:762–771. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Classification of MDD using a Transformer classifier with large‐scale multisite resting‐state fMRI data
Authors: Dai Peishan , Zhou Ying , Shi Yun , Lu Da , Chen Zailiang , Zou Beiji , Liu Kun , Liao Shenghui ,   The REST‐meta‐MDD Consortium
Published: December 2023

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders worldwide with high recurrence rate. Identifying MDD patients, particularly those with recurrent episodes with resting‐state fMRI, may reveal the relationship between MDD and brain function. We proposed a Transformer‐Encoder model, which utilized functional connectivity extracted from large‐scale multisite rs‐fMRI datasets to classify MDD and HC. The model discarded the Transformer's Decoder part, reducing the model's complexity and decreasing the number of parameters to adapt to the limited sample size and it does not require a complex feature selection process and achieves end‐to‐end classification. Additionally, our model is suitable for classifying data combined from multiple brain atlases and has an optional unsupervised pre‐training module to acquire optimal initial parameters and speed up the training process. The model's performance was tested on a large‐scale multisite dataset and identified brain regions affected by MDD using the Grad‐CAM method. After conducting five‐fold cross‐validation, our model achieved an average classification accuracy of 68.61% on a dataset consisting of 1611 samples. For the selected recurrent MDD dataset, the model reached an average classification accuracy of 78.11%. Abnormalities were detected in the frontal gyri and cerebral cortex of MDD patients in both datasets. Furthermore, the identified brain regions in the recurrent MDD dataset generally exhibited a higher contribution to the model's performance.
SMARCB1 (INI1)‐deficient sinonasal carcinoma manifesting as oral lesions: A report of two cases
Authors: Fuoco Jessie , Huang Michelle , Esfandiari Najmeh , MacMillan Christina , Ali Aiman , Dave Kanan , Freilich Marshall , Magalhaes Marco 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundSinonasal carcinomas represent a rare group of malignancies, accounting for less than 5% of all head and neck cancers and a worldwide incidence of less than 1 case per 100 000 inhabitants annually. Despite the restricted anatomical location, sinonasal carcinomas harbor some of the most histologically and molecularly diverse groups of tumors. SMARCB1 (INI1)‐deficient sinonasal carcinomas are locally aggressive tumors commonly detected late, leading to devastating morbidity and mortality.Case ReportWe present two cases of SMARCB1‐deficient sinonasal carcinoma involving the oral cavity and presenting as progressive radiolucent lesions with local swelling associated with maxillary dentition and alveolar bone. Both cases were initially considered odontogenic in origin and involved the destruction of the left anterior maxilla.ConclusionGiven the rarity and the variable presentation of these tumors, they pose a challenge for head and neck surgeons, dentists, and pathologists due to the potential overlapping features with odontogenic and non‐odontogenic inflammatory and neoplastic lesions. These cases highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary team and include SMARCB1‐deficient sinonasal carcinomas in the differential diagnosis of destructive lesions of the maxilla.
Computerised health interventions targeting Australian veterans and their families: A scoping review
Authors: McMahon Bryce , Guindalini Camila , Mellor Rebecca 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedAustralian veterans suffer higher rates of both mental and physical health conditions than civilians, yet many do not seek treatment. Computerised Interventions (CIs) may provide an alternative approach to management, which can overcome some barriers to treatment uptake. We aim to evaluate the scope and quality of CIs designed specifically for Australian veterans and their families.MethodsA manual search of the Department of Veterans' Affairs and other Ex‐service organisation websites was performed to map and describe CIs for Australian veterans and their families, followed by a scoping review of four databases to identify evaluations of relevant CIs.ResultsOur search identified 10 CIs specific to Australian veterans and their families. The majority were structured, self‐guided CIs, designed to elicit cognitive/behavioural change that addressed mental health and psychosocial needs during transition. Three evaluations examined previously identified CIs. The results showed mixed reviews from participants and clinicians, in two separate evaluations, regarding user experience, quality and perceived benefit. In addition, positive psychological outcomes, including the reduction of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, were demonstrated for participants of the online intervention.ConclusionWhile Australian veteran‐centric online interventions primarily focus on psychological conditions, the prevalent physical health concerns within the veteran population remain unaddressed. Additionally, despite the documented impact of military experience on family members, there is a lack of specific Australian interventions designed for families. Few tools have been formally evaluated, yet show promise as supportive self‐directed resources for veterans with PTSD, and for navigating transition challenges.So What?Further development of online interventions addressing prevalent physical and family needs, and conduction of comprehensive evaluations are needed to enhance overall quality, accessibility and holistic effectiveness of interventions for the Australian veteran community.
Conceptualising a theoretical framework for planning and evaluating workplace oral health promotion programs
Authors: Bakri N. N. , Smith M. B. , Broadbent J. M. , Thomson W. M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIssued AddressedWorkplaces have considerable potential for enhancing personal resources and providing a supportive working environment for staff health, including oral health and well‐being. To date, assessments of workplace oral health promotion (WOHP) activities have observed benefits ranging from self‐reported oral health to clinical parameters. However, previous WOHP actions were not based on a theoretical framework and did not consider the working environment as part of the planning and evaluation process.MethodsThis article used evidence‐based health promotion theoretical frameworks, and associated facilitators and barriers, in constructing an integrated and theoretically robust approach to planning and evaluating oral health promotion activities in the workplace.ResultsThe PRECEDE‐PROCEED Model for planning and evaluation, the reach effectiveness adoption implementation maintenance, and the Salutogenic Model of Health were chosen to complement each other in the planning and evaluation process, based on their different features and the applicability of those features to the workplace setting. Because of the limited literature in this area, the current article also used evidence from oral health promotion in other settings (including schools and the community) and general health promotion in the workplace to construct a theoretical framework for planning and evaluating WOHP activities.ConclusionsThe theoretical framework developed could assist in planning or improving existing workplace health promotion programs that focus on or incorporate oral health elements.So What?Future research on applying and adapting the proposed framework is required.
Recurrent preterm delivery following twin versus singleton preterm delivery: A retrospective cohort
Authors: Wainstock Tamar , Shoham‐Vardi Ilana , Sergienko Ruslan , Sheiner Eyal 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe main risk factor for preterm delivery (PTD; <37 gestational weeks) is having a history of PTD. The aim of this research was to compare the risk for recurrent PTD following twin versus singleton gestation PTD.MethodsA retrospective population‐based cohort study was performed, including all women who had two consecutive pregnancies, the first of which ended with PTD. The incidence of PTD recurrence was compared between women with PTD in twin versus singleton gestation. Multivariable logistic models were used to study the association between twinning status and PTD recurrence, and specifically by gestational age of the first PTD, inter‐pregnancy interval (IPI), and mode of conception.ResultsThe study population included 15 590 women, of whom 1680 (10.8%) had twins in their index pregnancy and 13 910 (89.2%) had singletons. The incidence of recurrent PTD was 10.5% (n = 177) following twin PTD versus 21.9% (n = 3044) following singleton PTD (adjusted odds ratio = 0.50, 95% confidence interval 0.32–0.76, while controlling for confounding variables). The results were consistent while stratifying by IPI, gestational age of the first PTD, or mode of conception.ConclusionsWomen with PTD in twin gestations are at lower risk for recurrent PTD compared with women with singleton PTD.
Electrohydrodynamic printing for high resolution patterning of flexible electronics toward industrial applications
Authors: Yin Zhouping , Wang Dazhi , Guo Yunlong , Zhao Zhiyuan , Li Liqiang , Chen Wei , Duan Yongqing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElectrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing technique, which deposits micro/nanostructures through high electric force, has recently attracted significant research interest owing to their fascinating characteristics in high resolution (<1 μm), wide material applicability (ink viscosity 1–10 000 cps), tunable printing modes (electrospray, electrospinning, and EHD jet printing), and compatibility with flexible/wearable applications. Since the laboratory level of the EHD printed electronics' resolution and efficiency is gradually approaching the commercial application level, an urgent need for developing EHD technique from laboratory into industrialization have been put forward. Herein, we first discuss the EHD printing technique, including the ink design, droplet formation, and key technologies for promoting printing efficiency/accuracy. Then we summarize the recent progress of EHD printing in fabrication of displays, organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs), transparent electrodes, and sensors and actuators. Finally, a brief summary and the outlook for future research effort are presented.image