bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capital Account Liberalization and International Corporate Bond Issuance: Transaction‐level Evidence from China
Authors: Wang Xiao , Luo Yongwen , Zhu Ziyan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper provides transaction‐level evidence about the impact of capital account liberalization on firms' bond issuance in the international financial market. Using bond issuance data for firms headquartered in China between 2014 and 2018, we showed that domestic private firms issued more bonds abroad than foreign‐invested enterprises after restrictions were largely relaxed, controlling for possible confounding shocks such as monetary policy, local credit market shocks, US interest rate, carry trade, and global uncertainty shocks measured by the Chicago Board Option Exchange's Volatility Index. We found that domestic firms did not increase the overall volume of bond issuance but just had a higher portion of international bond issuance. We also found that domestic firms with higher tangible asset ratios tended to issue more bonds abroad. Our results suggest that targeted liberalization policy could effectively stimulate firms to issue bonds abroad. Policymakers need to monitor closely firms that issue more bonds abroad and thus have greater exposure to global shocks, incorporate these financial risks into policy design, and safeguard financial stability more effectively.
Increased radiopharmaceutical uptake in skeletal muscle in 26 flat racing and endurance horses (2017–2021)
Authors: Carnicer David , Robotham Katie , Al Muhairi Hesa , Tejedor M. Teresa , Mendoza Luis , Coudry Virginie 
Published: November 2023

SummaryBackgroundIncreased radiopharmaceutical uptake (IRU) in skeletal muscle in horses has been previously reported but only a few authors describe its location in detail.ObjectivesTo describe and document the distribution of IRU in skeletal muscle in a population of flat racing and endurance horses.Study designRetrospective descriptive study.MethodsBone phase nuclear skeletal scintigraphy studies of 17 endurance and 9 racehorses with IRU in skeletal muscle were reviewed. The affected muscles were described and differences between endurance and flat racing horses were analysed. Ultrasonographic appearance of the muscles with IRU was also described when available.ResultsA total of 22 hindlimb scans (14 endurance horses, 8 racehorses) and 7 forelimbs scans (5 endurance horses, 2 racehorses) were analysed. In the hindlimbs, IRU was most frequently observed in the semitendinosus muscle in endurance horses (7/14, 50%) and in the gluteus medius muscle in racehorses (4/8, 50%). Bilateral IRU in the same muscle was often observed (11/22, 50%) in the hindlimbs. In 87.5% of the studies with IRU in the biceps femoris (7/8) or the semitendinosus muscles (7/8), the IRU was bilateral. In the forelimbs, IRU was most frequently observed in the triceps brachii (2/5, 40%) and latissimus dorsi (2/5, 40%) muscles in endurance horses and in the brachiocephalicus muscle in racehorses (2/2, 100%). The distribution of the skeletal muscles with IRU was more varied in endurance than in flat racehorses. No statistically significant difference was found in the distribution of the skeletal muscles with IRU between endurance and racehorses.ConclusionsEven though no statistical differences between groups could be demonstrated, this study describes the frequent location of IRU in muscle in the semitendinosus of endurance horses and in the gluteus medius of flat racehorses included in this study. The distribution of muscles with IRU was more variable in endurance horses.
High‐power short‐duration versus low‐power long‐duration ablation for pulmonary vein isolation: A substudy of the AWARE randomized controlled trial
Authors: Joza Jacqueline , Nair Girish M. , Birnie David H. , Nery Pablo B. , Redpath Calum J. , Sarrazin Jean‐Francois , Champagne Jean , Bernick Jordan , Wells George A. , Essebag Vidal ,   other members of the AWARE Study Consortium (Augmented Wide Area Circumferential Catheter Ablation for Reduction of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence)
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionPulmonary vein isolations (PVI) are being performed using a high‐power, short‐duration (HPSD) strategy. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy and safety outcomes of an HPSD versus low‐power, long‐duration (LPLD) approach to PVI in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsPatients were grouped according to a HPSD (≥40 W) or LPLD (≤35 W) strategy. The primary endpoint was the 1‐year recurrence of any atrial arrhythmia lasting ≥30 s, detected using three 14‐day ambulatory continuous ECG monitoring. Procedural and safety endpoints were also evaluated. The primary analysis were regression models incorporating propensity scores yielding adjusted relative risk (RRa) and mean difference (MDa) estimates.ResultsOf the 398 patients included in the AWARE Trial, 173 (43%) underwent HPSD and 225 (57%) LPLD ablation. The distribution of power was 50 W in 75%, 45 W in 20%, and 40 W in 5% in the HPSD group, and 35 W with 25 W on the posterior wall in the LPLD group. The primary outcome was not statistically significant at 30.1% versus 22.2% in HPSD and LPLD groups with RRa 0.77 (95% confidence interval [CI]) 0.55–1.10; p = .165). The secondary outcome of repeat catheter ablation was not statistically significant at 6.9% and 9.8% (RRa 1.59 [95% CI 0.77–3.30]; p = .208) respectively, nor was the incidence of any ECG documented AF during the blanking period: 1.7% versus 8.0% (RRa 3.95 [95% CI 1.00–15.61; p = .049) in the HPSD versus LPLD group respectively. The total procedure time was significantly shorter in the HPSD group (MDa 97.5 min [95% CI 84.8–110.4)]; p < .0001) with no difference in adjudicated serious adverse events.ConclusionsAn HPSD strategy was associated with significantly shorter procedural times with similar efficacy in terms of clinical arrhythmia recurrence. Importantly, there was no signal for increased harm with a HPSD strategy.
The impacts of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate in facial cleanser on facial skin microbiome and lipidome
Authors: Zhao Huabing , Yu Fanglu , Wang Congcong , Han Zhaoying , Liu Shulin , Chen Dongxiao , Liu Dongqing , Meng Xuan , He Xihong , Huang Zhengmei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe human skin microbiome and lipidome are essential for skin homeostasis and barrier function, and have become a focus in both dermatological and cosmetic fields. However, the influence of surfactants commonly used in cosmetic products on the skin resident microbiome and lipidome remains poorly characterized.MethodsWe conducted self‐control experiments to systematically study the effects of surfactant (sodium lauroyl sarcosinate [SLS]) on facial skin. Wrinkles, pores, porphyrins, and superficial lipids were examined to evaluate the biophysical state of skin. Quantitative real‐time PCR was used to detect the numbers of bacteria and fungi. The diversity and structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbiomes were assessed using 16S rDNA and ITS amplicon sequencing, respectively. Moreover, 22 lipids were identified to evaluate lipidome variations. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis.ResultsSLS in facial cleanser did not extensively influence skin biophysical parameters, but caused a decrease in porphyrin. After using the SLS‐added facial cleanser for 3 weeks, the alpha diversity of the prokaryotic microbial community decreased significantly, while the eukaryotic microbial community showed a continuous downward trend but no statistically significant. A shift in the structure of prokaryotic microbiome was observed as a result of SLS exposure, mainly reflected by the increase in Acinetobacter, Escherichia‐Shigella, Streptococcus, and Ralstonia, while the SLS had little effect on the structure of the eukaryotic microbiome. Furthermore, SLS exposure had a great impact on skin lipidome, mainly manifested by the increase of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and phosphatidylcholine (PC), and the decrease of ceramides. Spearman's correlations analysis showed that Escherichia‐Shigella, Pseudomonas, and Acinetobacter are positively correlated with PG and PC; however, the correlation is not statistically significant.ConclusionIn this study, we found the SLS in facial cleanser primarily affected lipidome and the prokaryotic microbiome of facial skin. These findings are useful for reminding us to be vigilant about the ingredients in personal care products, even the common ingredients, and designing effective formulations for repairing ecological balance of skin.
IL‐10‐induced STAT3/NF‐κB crosstalk modulates pineal and extra‐pineal melatonin synthesis
Authors: Córdoba‐Moreno Marlina O. , Santos Gabriela Christine , Muxel Sandra M. , dos Santos‐Silva Débora , Quiles Caroline L. , Sousa Kassiano D. S. , Markus Regina P. , Fernandes Pedro Augusto C. M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractImmune‐pineal axis activation is part of the assembly of immune responses. Proinflammatory cytokines inhibit the pineal synthesis of melatonin while inducing it in macrophages by mechanisms dependent on nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) activation. Cytokines activating the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways, such as interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) and interleukin‐10 (IL‐10), modulate melatonin synthesis in the pineal, bone marrow (BM), and spleen. The stimulatory effect of IFN‐γ upon the pineal gland depends on STAT1/NF‐κB interaction, but the mechanisms controlling IL‐10 effects on melatonin synthesis remain unclear. Here, we evaluated the role of STAT3 and NF‐κB activation by IL‐10 upon the melatonin synthesis of rats' pineal gland, BM, spleen, and peritoneal cells. The results show that IL‐10‐induced interaction of (p)STAT3 with specific NF‐κB dimmers leads to different cell effects. IL‐10 increases the pineal's acetylserotonin O‐methyltransferase (ASMT), N‐acetylserotonin, and melatonin content via nuclear translocation of NF‐κB/STAT3. In BM, the nuclear translocation of STAT3/p65‐NF‐κB complexes increases ASMT expression and melatonin content. Increased pSTAT3/p65‐NF‐κB nuclear translocation in the spleen enhances phosphorylated serotonin N‐acetyltransferase ((p)SNAT) expression and melatonin content. Conversely, in peritoneal cells, IL‐10 leads to NF‐κB p50/p50 inhibitory dimmer nuclear translocation, decreasing (p)SNAT expression and melatonin content. In conclusion, IL‐10's effects on melatonin production depend on the NF‐κB subunits interacting with (p)STAT3. Thus, variations of IL‐10 levels and downstream pathways during immune responses might be critical regulatory factors adjusting pineal and extra‐pineal synthesis of melatonin.
Helping behaviours of community members towards older adults and the related factors: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Igarashi Ayumi , Matsumoto Hiroshige , Suzuki Haruno , Takaoka Manami , Kugai Haruna , Sakka Mariko , Yamamoto‐Mitani Noriko 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundCommunity members can play important roles in helping older adults in their community. This study aimed to clarify the actual situation of community members' helping behaviours towards older adults and examine the related factors.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted using an online survey system with a sample of 1000 community members in the Tokyo metropolitan area selected using quota sampling. Participants were asked about their experiences with helping an older adult, involvement with older adults with dementia, knowledge of dementia and care resources in the community, and perceptions regarding the community. Content analysis was used to classify participants' freely answered responses about helping behaviours, with logistic regression analysis subsequently used to examine the related factors.ResultsCommunity members provided older adults with various types of spontaneous help, including help with walking (20.0%), accident care (16.8%), giving directions to a destination (11.6%), accompanying them to a destination (12.9%), and support in daily life (10.4%). In the multinominal logistic regression analysis, advanced helping behaviours were associated with having a family member with dementia, experiences involving people living with dementia, knowledge of dementia and community support centres, and a stronger sense of community integration (P < 0.05). The reasons for not being able to help included being physically unable to (42.5%), not feeling responsible (19.3%), not knowing how to help (17.4%), and hesitating to help (14.4%).ConclusionThe results suggest that providing learning opportunities for community members could further promote their helping behaviours for older adults. These could include interacting with older adults, especially those living with dementia; promoting a sense of community integration; or receiving training in helping actions. Such efforts could support the development of an effective community‐based care system for older adults.
The scalp prefrontal–limbic functional connectivity moderates stress‐related rumination effects on stress recovery
Authors: Luo Yu , Li Jinjin , Zhang Yu , Pan Wenhao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundMood disorders are often associated with hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction, and rumination has been implicated in delayed cortisol recovery. However, research findings on the impact of rumination on cortisol recovery have been inconsistent. The moderating effects of scalp prefrontal–limbic connections on the relationship between rumination and cortisol recovery may explain these discrepancies.MethodAcute stress was induced by a 5‐min simulated job interview. Salivary samples and affective ratings were collected at seven pre‐determined time points. After the simulated job interview, 35 healthy adult participants were randomly assigned to either the rumination condition (n = 17) or the distraction condition (n = 18).ResultsInducing stress and rumination led to increased cortisol levels, negative mood, and state rumination. Compared with the distraction group, the rumination group displayed delayed cortisol recovery and decreased scalp prefrontal–limbic connectivities, that is, left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (LVLPFC) and left temporal area (LTMP) [ps < .05], and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (RDLPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) [ps < .05]. The relationship between rumination and cortisol recovery was moderated by connectivities between the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (LDLPFC) and LTMP, RDLPFC and LTMP, LDLPFC and ACC, and RDLPFC and ACC [B = −0.98 to −0.35, SE = 0.15–0.34, ps < .05]. Higher rumination combined with reduced scalp prefrontal–limbic connectivities to predict delayed cortisol recovery.ConclusionThe current findings suggest that scalp prefrontal–limbic connectivity is a neural underpinning related to emotion regulation for the effects of state rumination on stress recovery. These findings also provide a potential target for non‐invasive intervention in HPA axis dysregulation.
Primary Care Supervision: A Community of Practice
Authors: Ogbeide Stacy A. , Ingram Mercedes , Lloyd‐Hazlett Jessica 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe goal of this project was to determine the feasibility of a Community of Practice (CoP) model to support behavioural health (BH) clinical supervisor professional development.ApproachFourteen supervisors participated in 13 CoP‐focused workshops focused on supervision within the Primary Care Behavioural Health (PCBH) model over a 4‐year period. These workshops occurred twice a semester (in person and virtually) for supervisors hosting students participating in a Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) Behavioural Health Workforce Education Training (BHWET) grant. The program focused on preparing masters‐level clinical mental health counselling students to function as Behavioural Health Consultants (BHCs) in primary care settings in rural and urban areas. Supervisors completed post‐workshop surveys on their satisfaction with the content and the impact of the workshop content on building their PCBH supervision skills.EvaluationSupervisors were satisfied with the content presented during the CoP workshops as well as indicated improvements in their confidence with providing supervision within the PCBH model. Areas of improved confidence and competence included supervision in integrated health care settings, topics discussed in primary care, and telehealth visits.ImplicationsOverall, this demonstrates an approach to building supervisor confidence in working with pre‐licensure trainees within the PCBH model. CoP workshops show promise as an approach that institutions of higher education and health care organisation can adopt to improve clinical teaching and supervision in primary care as well as support supervisors in the community who work with trainees in primary care.
Discussion: A Comment on “The Trousers Fracture Test for Viscoelastic Elastomers” (Shrimali, B., and Lopez-Pamies, O., 2023, ASME J. Appl. Mech., 90(7), p. 071010)
Authors: Ciavarella M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Rivlin–Thomas classical energy balance model for tearing tests suggests that the fracture energy Γ is proportional to the work of the external load in the legs (potential energy), for not too large stretches in the legs, so the increase of Γ with loading rate is observed or measured, but not really explained by the model. Shrimali and Lopez-Pamies (SLP) have recently built a theory on viscoelastic fracture from recent experimental evidence of a critical (stretch rate-independent) stretch on nucleation of cracks in the pure shear tests. The theory in other words incorporates this evidence in an otherwise energy-based criterion. In the paper “The trousers fracture test for viscoelastic elastomers” (ASME J. Appl. Mech., 2023, 90(7), p. 071010), they seem to obtain the critical (stretch rate-independent) stretch condition for the case of trouser tests (applying their theory from a long enough crack) both in nucleation and steady-state propagation. This outcome seems reasonable since for a linear material, looking at the elastic limit cases of very slow and very fast rates, it would produce an increase of the load, and hence of the fracture energy, proportional to the increase of the modulus, which is in line with what has been found experimentally, although possibly in contrast with classical rate-independent cohesive models, at least for crack nucleation.
Unsteady Pre-Stall Behavior in a Centrifugal Compressor With Vaned Diffuser
Authors: Suzuki Yutaro , Fujisawa Nobumichi , Ohta Yutaka 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Unsteady pre-stall behavior in a centrifugal compressor with a vaned diffuser was investigated by experimental and numerical analysis. The pre-stall disturbances occurred at a slightly higher flow coefficient at the stall point in the diffuser region. Five disturbances occurred in the circumferential direction, and each rotated at approximately 1.7%N at this flow coefficient. Numerical analysis showed that five stall cells rotated at approximately 2.0%N within the diffuser passage. To understand this pre-stall phenomenon, we focused on the rotation mechanism and initiation process of the five-cell rotating stalls. Each of the five-cell stalls was found to rotate by the following mechanism. When the preceding low-velocity region moved to an adjacent passage, the high-velocity region was circumferentially pushed by the low-velocity area and reached the following passage. The incoming flow collided with the backflow around the throat area, and the flow bent at the diffuser inlet of the passage. Consequently, the incidence angle toward the adjacent passage increased, and a separation was induced at the leading edge of the succeeding diffuser vane. Subsequently, the mass flowrate of the succeeding passage started to decrease. These phenomena occurred sequentially, causing the five-cell stalls to rotate. Five stationary low-velocity regions that did not rotate were observed before the initiation of the five-cell rotating stalls. When the outlet mass flowrate decreased, a one-cell rotating stall appeared within the diffuser passage. It provided a low-energy fluid to the diffuser passages where the low-velocity regions existed. Subsequently, five low-velocity regions were clearly formed, which started rotating according to the rotating mechanism explained above.
Optimizing Wearable Device and Testing Parameters to Monitor Running-Stride Long-Range Correlations for Fatigue Management in Field Settings
Authors: Fuller Joel T. , Thewlis Dominic , Wills Jodie A. , Buckley Jonathan D. , Arnold John B. , Doyle Eoin , Doyle Tim L.A. , Bellenger Clint R. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: There are important methodological considerations for translating wearable-based gait-monitoring data to field settings. This study investigated different devices’ sampling rates, signal lengths, and testing frequencies for athlete monitoring using dynamical systems variables. Methods: Secondary analysis of previous wearables data (N = 10 runners) from a 5-week intensive training intervention investigated impacts of sampling rate (100–2000 Hz) and signal length (100–300 strides) on detection of gait changes caused by intensive training. Primary analysis of data from 13 separate runners during 1 week of field-based testing determined day-to-day stability of outcomes using single-session data and mean data from 2 sessions. Stride-interval long-range correlation coefficient α from detrended fluctuation analysis was the gait outcome variable. Results: Stride-interval α reduced at 100- and 200- versus 300- to 2000-Hz sampling rates (mean difference: −.02 to −.08; P ≤ .045) and at 100- compared to 200- to 300-stride signal lengths (mean difference: −.05 to −.07; P < .010). Effects of intensive training were detected at 100, 200, and 400 to 2000 Hz (P ≤ .043) but not 300 Hz (P = .069). Within-athlete α variability was lower using 2-session mean versus single-session data (smallest detectable change: .13 and .22, respectively). Conclusions: Detecting altered gait following intensive training was possible using 200 to 300 strides and a 100-Hz sampling rate, although 100 and 200 Hz underestimated α compared to higher rates. Using 2-session mean data lowers smallest detectable change values by nearly half compared to single-session data. Coaches, runners, and researchers can use these findings to integrate wearable-device gait monitoring into practice using dynamic systems variables.