bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotective Potential of Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl. Leaf Extracts against Beta Amyloid-induced Neurotoxicity: An in vitro Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Homwuttiwong Kritsana , Buranrat Benjaporn , Yannasithinon Supataechasit , Noisa Parinya , Mairuae Nootchanat 
Published: February 2024

Background Beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ) induces oxidative stress, contributing to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) initiation and progression. This study aims to explore Thunbergia laurifolia ( T. laurifolia) leaf extract’s protective effects on Aβ25–35-induced oxidative stress and cell injury in SH-SY5Y cells and investigate underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods SH-SY5Y cells were treated with T. laurifolia leaf extract in the presence or absence of Aβ25–35. After 24 h, neuroprotective effects were assessed using cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Caspase-3/7 activity, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were measured to examine mechanisms. Total flavonoid and phenolic content assays were performed. Results The findings showed that exposure to Aβ25–35 led to a notable rise in oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells, as evidenced by increased levels of ROS. Additionally, Aβ25–35 treatment increased caspase-3/7 activity and LDH release and decreased cell viability. However, T. laurifolia extract effectively suppressed ROS production, attenuated caspase-3/7 activity, and concentration-dependently reduced Aβ25–35-induced neurotoxicity. LDH release decreased, and cell viability increased. SOD and CAT activities also increased after T. laurifolia treatment. The extract had total phenolic and flavonoid contents of 178.5 ± 6.86 and 32.51 ± 1.26 mg/g, respectively. Conclusion T. laurifolia extract demonstrated neuroprotective effects against Aβ25–35-induced injury in SH-SY5Y cells. These effects were attributed to reduced oxidative stress, elevated SOD and CAT activity, and suppressed caspase-3/7 activity. T. laurifolia extract shows potential as an alternative or therapeutic approach to AD mediated by Aβ. Nevertheless, further research is needed to elucidate the mechanism by which T. laurifolia ameliorates neuronal cell death induced by Aβ25–35.
Linear streaks associated with retinitis pigmentosa
Authors: Battaglia Parodi Maurizio , Arrigo Alessandro , Aragona Emanuela , Pina Adelaide , Bandello Francesco 
Published: February 2024

Purpose To describe a phenotypical manifestation characterized by the identification of peripheral linear streaks associated with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Methods Study design is a prospective observational case series. All consecutive patients affected by RP underwent a complete ophthalmological examination. The diagnosis of peripheral linear streaks was based on the identification of curvilinear atrophic streaks in the periphery of the retina. Results Overall, six out of 140 patients (4.2%) were affected by peripheral linear streaks associated with RP. A single patient showed also punched out chorioretinal lesions at the posterior pole, with macular neovascularization development over the follow-up, treated with ranibizumab injections. Conclusions RP phenotypical manifestation characterized by peripheral linear streaks is infrequent and may provide additional evidence to support the contribution of inflammation in the pathogenesis of RP.
Two-year diffusion capacity trajectory in COVID-19 pneumonia survivors
Authors: de Roos Marlise P , Heijnen Rick M , Dijkstra Nynke G , Brinkman Kees , Jonkman Nini H , Bresser Paul 
Published: February 2024

Reduced diffusion capacity (DLCO) after COVID 19 pneumonia was reported in hospitalised patients after discharge. Here, we studied the restoration of DLCO over a 24 months period in COVID-19 pneumonia survivors ( n = 317), who were categorised into “moderate” cases (no oxygen supply; no need for hospitalisation), “severe” cases (respiratory frequency > 30/min and/or peripheral oxygen SpO2 < 93%), and “critical” cases (respiratory failure and admission into the intensive care unit). COVID-19 pneumonia survivors with a decreased DLCO (<80%) at 3 months ( n = 133) were invited for 6- and 24-months follow-up. At 3 months, impairment of DLCO was more severe in critical case ( p < .01). Over time, the subgroups showed a similar level of improvement; and, there was no difference in recovery over time between the subgroups. At 24 months, the DLCO did not differ between the subgroups, with a mean DLCO of 73% for all patients. At 24 months, 65% of patients still had a DLCO < 80%, and in 40% of patients DLCO was <70% of predicted. Regardless the initial disease severity, all COVID-19 survivors showed improvement in DLCO during follow-up; however, DLCO had not normalised in the majority of patients with a DLCO <80% 3 months after hospital discharge.
Mechanical thrombectomy for the treatment of large vessel occlusion due to cancer-related cerebral embolism: A systematic review
Authors: Toruno Michelle , Al-Janabi Omar , Karaman Irem , Ghozy Sherief , Senol Yigit Can , Kobeissi Hassan , Kadirvel Ramanathan , Ashdown Boyd , Kallmes David F 
Published: February 2024

Background Cancer-related cerebral embolism due to direct tumor embolization results in a rare acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion (LVO). Despite the established status of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in LVO management, its effectiveness and safety remains inadequately explored in this specific patient group. Methods We conducted a systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, using the Nested Knowledge AutoLit software, encompassing databases like Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, from their inception up to 9 May 2023. Results In the review of 35 studies encompassing 37 cases, mean patient age was 52 years, and 30% were female. Cardiac myxoma (29.7%), cardiac papillary fibroelastoma (16.2%), and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (8.1%) were the most frequent underlying cancers. The left middle cerebral artery was the most commonly affected occlusion site (24.3%). Of the patients, 67.5% underwent MT alone, while 32.5% received MT combined with intravenous thrombolysis. Successful reperfusion (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) 2b–3) was achieved in 89.1% of cases, with 59.4% reaching TICI 3. Functional independence was observed in 29.7% of patients. Conclusion While limitations exist, this comprehensive study highlights the potential benefits of MT in a patient group historically excluded from major trials, warranting further investigation.
Anxiety, Depression, and Associated Factors Among the Field Midwives During COVID-19 Pandemic in Sri Lanka—A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pathirana JMP , Edirisinghe NP , Amarasekara AATD 
Published: February 2024

Introduction Field midwives (FMs) in Sri Lanka, who care for women and children, were challenged during the COVID-19 pandemic. During COVID-19, the majority of research found that healthcare professionals experienced anxiety and depression. Objective This study examined anxiety, depression, and related factors among FMs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional approach was used with 145 FMs from randomly selected Medical Officer of Health (MOH) areas in the Matara district. The data were collected by an interviewer-administered questionnaire containing the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 tools. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression examined and presented the data. Results Among the participants, 54.5%, 31.0%, 8.3, and 6.2% experienced minimal, mild, moderate, and severe anxiety. Whereas 46.2%, 32.4%, 17.2%, 1.4%, and 2.8% of the participants had no or minimal, mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression. Being in a family of COVID-19-infected family members, relatives, or friends (OR = 0.33, p = 0.018) and being in a nuclear family (OR = 0.47, p = 0.033) were found to be risk factors against depression while having a history of chronic diseases (OR = 5.87, p = 0.002) and having a sufficient amount of personal protective equipment (OR = 2.52, p = 0.041) were found to be protective. Similarly, having a history of chronic diseases (OR = 4.89, p = 0.002) was found to be protective against anxiety. Conclusion The majority of FMs had minimal anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results will be valuable in formulating policies to support the psychological health of FMs in Sri Lanka.
Enhancing cold resistance in Banana (Musa spp.) through EMS-induced mutagenesis, L-Hyp pressure selection: phenotypic alterations, biomass composition, and transcriptomic insights
Authors: Liu Yumeng , Li Yujia , Wang Anbang , Xu Zhuye , Li Chunfang , Wang Zuo , Guo Borui , Chen Yan , Tang Fenling , Li Jingyang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The cultivation of bananas encounters substantial obstacles, particularly due to the detrimental effects of cold stress on their growth and productivity. A potential remedy that has gained attention is the utilization of ethyl mesylate (EMS)-induced mutagenesis technology, which enables the creation of a genetically varied group of banana mutants. This complex procedure entails subjecting the mutants to further stress screening utilizing L-Hyp in order to identify those exhibiting improved resistance to cold. This study conducted a comprehensive optimization of the screening conditions for EMS mutagenesis and L-Hyp, resulting in the identification of the mutant cm784, which exhibited remarkable cold resistance. Subsequent investigations further elucidated the physiological and transcriptomic responses of cm784 to low-temperature stress.

Results
EMS mutagenesis had a substantial effect on banana seedlings, resulting in modifications in shoot and root traits, wherein a majority of seedlings exhibited delayed differentiation and limited elongation. Notably, mutant leaves displayed altered biomass composition, with starch content exhibiting the most pronounced variation. The application of L-Hyp pressure selection aided in the identification of cold-resistant mutants among seedling-lethal phenotypes. The mutant cm784 demonstrated enhanced cold resistance, as evidenced by improved survival rates and reduced symptoms of chilling injury. Physiological analyses demonstrated heightened activities of antioxidant enzymes and increased proline production in cm784 when subjected to cold stress. Transcriptome analysis unveiled 946 genes that were differentially expressed in cm784, with a notable enrichment in categories related to ‘Carbohydrate transport and metabolism’ and ‘Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport, and catabolism’.

Conclusion
The present findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the heightened cold resistance observed in banana mutants. These mechanisms encompass enhanced carbohydrate metabolism and secondary metabolite biosynthesis, thereby emphasizing the adaptive strategies employed to mitigate the detrimental effects induced by cold stress.
Combined rectus sheath block with transverse abdominis plane block by one puncture for analgesia after laparoscopic upper abdominal surgery: a randomized controlled prospective study
Authors: Yu Shan , Wen Yaling , Lin Jing , Yang Jinghao , He Yihang , Zuo Youbo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Rectus sheath block (RSB) and transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) have been shown to reduce opioid consumption and decrease postoperative pain scores in abdominal surgeries. However, there are no reports about the one-puncture technique of RSB combined with TAPB for perioperative pain management during laparoscopic upper abdominal surgery.

Methods
A total of 58 patients were randomly assigned to the control group (C), the TAP group (T), and the one-puncture technique of RSB combined with TAPB group (RT). The patients in group C did not receive any regional block. The patients in group T received ultrasound-guided subcostal TAPB with 30 mL of 0.33% ropivacaine on each side. The patients in the RT group received a combination of RSB and TAPB with 15 mL of 0.33% ropivacaine in each plane by one puncture technique. All patients received postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) after surgeries. The range of blocks was recorded 20 min after the completion of the regional block. The postoperative opioid consumption, pain scores, and recovery data were recorded, including the incidence of emergence agitation (EA), the times of first exhaust and off-bed activity, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, dizziness.

Results
The range of the one-puncture technique in group RT covered all areas of surgical incisions. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score of the RT group is significantly lower at rest and during coughing compared to groups T and C at 4, 8, 12, and 24 h after surgery, respectively (P < 0.05). The consumption of sufentanil and the number of postoperative compressions of the analgesic pumps at 24 and 48 h in the RT group are significantly lower than those in groups T and C (P < 0.05). The incidence of EA in the RT group is significantly lower than that in groups T and C (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
The one-puncture technique of RSB combined with TAPB provides effective postoperative analgesia for laparoscopic upper abdominal surgery, reduces the incidence of EA during PACU, and promotes early recovery.

Trial registration
ChiCTR, ChiCTR2300067271. Registered 3 Jan 2023, http://www.chictr.org.cn.
Association of systemic inflammatory response index with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction and degree of coronary stenosis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Guo Jiongchao , Huang Yating , Pang Lamei , Zhou Yuan , Yuan Jingjing , Zhou Bingfeng , Fu Minmin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI), a composite inflammatory marker encompassing neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes, has been recognized as a reliable marker of systemic inflammation. This article undertakes an analysis of clinical data from ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients, aiming to comprehensively assess the relationship between SIRI, STEMI, and the degree of coronary stenosis.

Methods
The study involved 1809 patients diagnosed with STEMI between the years 2020 and 2023. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the risk factors for STEMI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to determine the predictive power of SIRI and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Spearman correlation analysis was performed to assess the correlation between SIRI, NLR, and the Gensini score (GS).

Results
Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the SIRI was the independent risk factor for STEMI (adjusted odds ratio (OR) in the highest quartile = 24.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 15.32–40.66, P < 0.001). In addition, there is a high correlation between SIRI and GS (β:28.54, 95% CI: 24.63–32.46, P < 0.001). The ROC curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive ability of SIRI and NLR for STEMI patients. The area under the curve (AUC) for SIRI was 0.789. The AUC for NLR was 0.754. Regarding the prediction of STEMI in different gender groups, the AUC for SIRI in the male group was 0.771. The AUC for SIRI in the female group was 0.807. Spearman correlation analysis showed that SIRI exhibited a stronger correlation with GS, while NLR was lower (SIRI: r = 0.350, P < 0.001) (NLR: r = 0.313, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
The study reveals a strong correlation between the SIRI and STEMI as well as the degree of coronary artery stenosis. In comparison to NLR, SIRI shows potential in predicting acute myocardial infarction and the severity of coronary artery stenosis. Additionally, SIRI exhibits a stronger predictive capability for female STEMI patients compared to males.
Cholangitis with bacteremia due to Pseudomonas nitroreducens in a patient with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a case report
Authors: Itoh Naoya , Akazawa Nana , Yamaguchi Makoto , Murakami Hiromi , Ohkusu Kiyofumi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Pseudomonas nitroreducens is a non-fermenting, gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium commonly inhabiting soil, particularly soil contaminated with oil brine. To our knowledge, no cases of human infection with P. nitroreducens have been previously reported. Here, we present the first documented case of cholangitis caused by P. nitroreducens in a patient with bacteremia.

Case presentation
A 46-year-old Japanese man with an advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor was hospitalized with fever and chills. Four days before admission, the patient developed right upper abdominal pain. Two days later, he also experienced fever and chills. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was performed on the day of admission, and the patient was diagnosed as having cholangitis associated with stent dysfunction. Gram-negative rods were isolated from blood cultures, but attempts to identify the bacteria using VITEK2 and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) with VITEK MS ver. 4.7.1 (bioMérieux Japan Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) were unsuccessful. Finally, the organism was identified as P. nitroreducens using MALDI-TOF MS with a MALDI Biotyper (Bruker Daltonics Co., Ltd., Billerica, MA, USA) and 16 S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Despite thorough interviews with the patient, he denied any exposure to contaminated soil. The patient was treated with intravenous cefepime and oral ciprofloxacin for 16 days based on susceptibility results, achieving a good therapeutic outcome. At the outpatient follow-up on day 28, the patient was in good general condition.

Conclusions
This is the first reported human case of cholangitis with bloodstream infection caused by P. nitroreducens. This report provides clinicians with novel insights into the clinical manifestations and diagnostic methods necessary for the accurate diagnosis of P. nitroreducens, along with guidance on treatment.
Emotions and worries during 1.5 years of the COVID-19 pandemic - how adults with and without mental health conditions coped with the crisis
Authors: Rothe Josefine , Brückner Greta , Ring Melanie , Roessner Veit , Wolff Nicole , Vetter Nora C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundDuring the COVID 19 pandemic, there were social restrictions with severe mental stress for a long time. Most studies on mental health consequences of the pandemic focused primarily on the beginning of the pandemic. The present study on families of patients or study participants of a child and adolescent psychiatry aimed to examine long-term profiles of emotions and worries in adults with and without mental health condition (mhc) during the first 1.5 years of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe surveyed emotions and worries of 128 adults with (n = 32) and without (n = 96) pre-pandemic mhc over a 1.5-year study period from spring 2020 until summer/autumn 2021. Emotions and worries were captured at four time points: [i] pre-pandemic, [ii] spring 2020 (first lockdown was implemented), [iii] December 2020 (hard lockdown at Christmas time) and [iv] summer/autumn 2021 (considerable ease of regulations); [i] pre-pandemic and [iii] December 2020 were measured retrospectively). First, we run non-parametric tests to compare emotions and worries between adults with and without pre-pandemic mhc at the four time points. Next, we conducted latent profile analysis to identify subgroups from the total sample who share similar trajectories of emotions and worries. Finally, a logistic regression analysis was run to examine whether socio-demographic and psycho-social factors were related to identified trajectories of emotions and worries.ResultsAdults without pre-pandemic mhc reported a strong worsening of emotions and worries at the beginning of the pandemic and a lower worsening during the course, while adults with pre-pandemic mhc reported a constant worsening of emotions and worries. The latent profile analysis revealed three profiles of adults who show either i) an adaption, ii) no adaption or iii) a continuous high condition. With increasing age, higher perceived stress and pre-pandemic mhc, the likelihood of an adaption was increased.ConclusionThe results of the present study suggested that adults (both with and without pre-pandemic mhc) coped the crisis with different strategies and that most of them returned to their initial, pre-pandemic levels of emotions and worries when social restrictions were considerably eased or stopped.
Clinical characteristics of obese, fixed airway obstruction, exacerbation-prone phenotype and comorbidities among severe asthma patients: a single-center study
Authors: Zhu Guiping , Mo Yuqing , Ye Ling , Cai Hui , Zeng Yingying , Zhu Mengchan , Peng Wenjun , Gao Xin , Song Xixi , Yang Chengyu , Wang Jian , Chen Zhihong , Jin Meiling 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Severe asthma places a large burden on patients and society. The characteristics of patients with severe asthma in the Chinese population remain unclear.

Methods
A retrospective review was conducted in patients with severe asthma. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Patients were grouped according to phenotypes in terms of exacerbations, body mass index (BMI) and fixed airway obstruction (FAO) status, and the characteristics of different groups were compared. Comorbidities, factors that influence asthma phenotypes, were also analyzed in the study.

Results
A total of 228 patients with severe asthma were included in our study. They were more likely to be overweight or obese. A total of 41.7% of the patients received GINA step 5 therapy, and 43.4% had a history of receiving regular or intermittent oral corticosteroids (OCS). Severe asthmatic patients with comorbidities were prone to have more asthma symptoms and decreased quality of life than patients without comorbidities. Patients with exacerbations were characterized by longer duration of asthma, poorer lung function, and worse asthma control. Overweight or obese patients tended to have more asthma symptoms, poorer lung function and more asthma-related comorbidities. Compared to patients without FAO, those in the FAO group were older, with longer duration of asthma and more exacerbations.

Conclusion
The existence of comorbidities in patients with severe asthma could result in more asthma symptoms and decreased quality of life. Patients with exacerbations or with overweight or obese phenotypes were characterized by poorer lung function and worse asthma control. Patients with FAO phenotype tended to have more exacerbations.