bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioavailability and Toxicity Models of Copper to Freshwater Life: The State of Regulatory Science
Authors: Mebane Christopher A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Efforts to incorporate bioavailability adjustments into regulatory water quality criteria in the United States have included four major procedures: hardness-based single-linear regression equations, water-effect ratios (WERs), biotic ligand models (BLMs), and multiple-linear regression models (MLRs) that use dissolved organic carbon, hardness, and pH. The performance of each with copper (Cu) is evaluated, emphasizing the relative performance of hardness-based versus MLR-based criteria equations. The WER approach was shown to be inherently highly biased. The hardness-based model is in widest use, and the MLR approach is the US Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA's) present recommended approach for developing aquatic life criteria for metals. The performance of criteria versions was evaluated with numerous toxicity datasets that were independent of those used to develop the MLR models, including olfactory and behavioral toxicity, and field and ecosystem studies. Within the range of water conditions used to develop the Cu MLR criteria equations, the MLR performed well in terms of predicting toxicity and protecting sensitive species and ecosystems. In soft waters, the MLR outperformed both the BLM and hardness models. In atypical waters with pH &lt;5.5 or &gt;9, neither the MLR nor BLM predictions were reliable, suggesting that site-specific testing would be needed to determine reliable Cu criteria for such settings. The hardness-based criteria performed poorly with all toxicity datasets, showing no or weak ability to predict observed toxicity. In natural waters, MLR and BLM criteria versions were strongly correlated. In contrast, the hardness-criteria version was often out of phase with the MLR and, depending on waterbody and season, could be either strongly overprotective or underprotective. The MLR-based USEPA-style chronic criterion appears to be more generally protective of ecosystems than other models. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2529–2563. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
The flow of anisotropic nanoparticles in solution and in blood
Authors: Lovegrove Jordan Thomas , Kent Ben , Förster Stephan , Garvey Christopher J. , Stenzel Martina H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe alignment of anisotropic nanoparticles in flow has been used for a range of applications such as the preparation of strong fibres and the assembly of in‐plane aligned 1D‐nanoobjects that are used for electronic devices, sensors, energy and biological application. Important is also the flow behaviour of nanoparticles that were designed for nanomedical applications such as drug delivery. It is widely observed that non‐spherical nanoparticles have longer circulation times and a more favourable biodistribution. To be able to understand this behaviour, researchers have turned to analyzing the flow of non‐spherical nanoparticles in the blood stream. In this review, an overview of microfluidic techniques that are used to monitor the alignment of anisotropic nanoparticles in solution will be provided, which includes analysis by small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) and polarized light microscopy. The flow of these nanoparticles in blood is then discussed as the presence of red blood cells causes margination of some nanoparticles. Using fluorescence microscopy, the extent of margination can be identified, which coincides with the ability of nanoparticles to adhere to the cells grown along the wall. While these studies are mainly carried out in vitro using blood, initial investigations in vivo were able to confirm the unusual flow of anisotropic nanoparticles.
Resistance of wheat genotypes to Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates at seedling stage under greenhouse conditions
Authors: Bakhshi Tayebeh , Ahmadi Farajollah Shahriari , Sarbarzeh Mostafa Aghaee , Mehrabi Rahim , Seifi Alireza 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOne of the most devastating foliar diseases of wheat worldwide is Septoria leaf blotch (STB), caused by Mycosphaerella graminicola (asexual stage/Anamorph: Septoria tritici) which has been recently intensified in some regions in Iran. In this study, 49 wheat genotypes and 20 wheat differential genotypes were evaluated for their reaction to infection by six isolates of M. graminicola collected from infected fields during 2016–2017 at seedling stage under greenhouse conditions. According to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) of leaf pycnidia coverage percentage, a significant difference (p < .01) was observed between M. graminicola isolates and wheat cultivars. The interaction between genotypes and isolates was also significant (p < .01) and the results indicated a specific interaction between genotypes and isolates. The results presented Dezful and West Azerbaijan isolates that were the most virulent with more pathogenesis on differential genotypes. Although 47 of the wheat genotypes were susceptible to all isolates, some genotypes, including Wc‐46,224 (Austria), Wc‐45,425 (Portugal), Wc‐45,565 (Turkey), P.S.No4 (Italy), Dehdasht, M3 Synthetic, KavKaz‐k4500, Arina, Flame, and Riband were resistant to all isolates. In addition, the isolates exhibited different virulence patterns on wheat genotypes. The results of this study revealed high virulence of M. graminicola isolates, and Iranian and foreign wheat genotypes, commonly used in the region, presented high susceptibility, and the resistance sources had been identified among genotypes that can be applied in the wheat breeding programs.
Body composition phase angle: A potential predictor of vitamin D status in early pregnancy
Authors: Wang Ziqin , Wang Huiqun , Zheng Dan , Liu Jing , Liu Yanping 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPhase angle and vitamin D can reflect the state of the body cells, and the two may interact with each other. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out the relationship between PA and vitamin D. Taking women in early pregnancy as our study subjects, we found that PA had a positive effect on vitamin D levels. Body composition phase angle, as a noninvasive, easy‐to‐operate, and easy‐to‐monitor indicator, can be used an early screening index for vitamin D nutrition levels in early pregnancy, and the cutoff value was 4.95°.
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its association with oral health: First results from the Kurdish cohort study
Authors: Moradpour Farhad , Karimi Zahra , Fatemi Zeinab , Moradi Yousef , Khosravi Mohammad Rastegar , Shokri Azad , Karimzadeh Mohammad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimsInvestigate the association between oral and dental health (ODH) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults aged 35–70 years.MethodsThe study utilized data from the enrollment phase of Dehgolan prospective cohort study in the west of Iran. A cross‐sectional assessment was conducted on a total of 3996 participants, involving a comprehensive oral examination and the assessment of their oral hygiene behavior (ODH). MetS was defined according to the updated National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Logistic regression used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics.ResultsMetS was more prevalent among those who not daily brushing and flossing. Participants with missing teeth (MT) show higher prevalent of MetS. Being female, lower age, illiteracy, family history of diabetes, low physical activity, and salt at table were independently associated with increase odds of MetS (p < 0.05). Odds of MetS were significantly decreased with use flossing (OR = 0.75; CI = 0.60–0.93), decayed (OR = 0.83; CI = 0.72–0.97), filled (OR = 0.84; CI = 0.71–0.99), and increased with MT (OR = 1.45; CI = 1.16–1.81) as long as adjusted for ODH factors. When other potential confounder such as sociodemographic, personal and nutritional habits were adjusted, daily flossing was the only factor that still statistically decreased (OR = 0.79; CI = 0.62–0.99) the odds of MetS.ConclusionDaily flossing was the only factor that independently associated with MetS. Relationship of other ODH factors with Mets were confounded by sociodemographic characteristics of the participants.
Postpandemic fear of COVID‐19, psychological distress, and resilient coping among frontline health workers in Ghana: An analytical cross‐sectional study
Authors: Fofie Evelyn Adu , Ekpor Emmanuel , Akyirem Samuel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has significantly impacted the psychological well‐being of healthcare workers globally. However, little is known about the mental health state of frontline health workers in the postpandemic era. The purpose of this study was to examine postpandemic COVID‐19‐related psychological distress and fear among frontline health workers in Ghana.MethodsData were collected from 245 frontline healthcare workers in the Western region of Ghana. COVID‐19‐related fear, psychological distress, and resilient coping were assessed with the fear of COVID‐19 scale, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, and the Brief Resilient Coping Scale, respectively. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the association between psychological distress and fear of COVID‐19 as well as the moderating effects of resilient coping.ResultsParticipants were mostly female (57.1%), aged between 21 and 30 years (50.6%), and not married (58.0%). We found that 52.2% of frontline healthcare workers experienced mild‐to‐severe fear, while 40% experienced psychological distress. Fear of COVID‐19, previous contact with COVID‐19 patients, and earning a monthly income between 501 and 1000 Ghanaian cedis were significantly associated with higher psychological distress. The positive association between fear of COVID‐19 and psychological distress was stronger among frontline health workers who had higher resilient coping.ConclusionThere is the need to provide frontline health workers with mental health support services to promote their psychological well‐being and enhance their ability to provide quality care during the postpandemic era.
Compound passive heat transfer augmentation techniques: A comprehensive review
Authors: Al‐Chlaihawi Kadhim K. Idan , Hasan Moayed R. , Ekaid Ali L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe function of energy is becoming increasingly vital in meeting the requirements of modern societies and sustaining rapid economic and industrial growth globally. Heat transfer equipment has been employed for heat recovery and conversion in various domestic and industrial applications. Therefore, due to the recent global energy crisis, boosting the thermal efficiency of energy systems has become an essential requirement, which would reduce both their size and rates of energy demand. There are active and passive methods for boosting heat transfer rates. As they have no moving components, passive methods are more affordable and dependable than active ones. Applying two or more passive techniques concurrently will result in a higher heat transmission rate than any approach working independently. The current article comprehensively reviews experimental and computational investigations of passive compound forced convection heat transfer augmentation techniques at laminar, transition, and turbulent flow regimes. This article focuses on compound techniques arrangement in the form of turbulators, typical twisted tapes (TTs), surface roughness, vortex generators, and so on. The pioneering research suggests that using a lower twist ratio, lower pitch, and smaller winglet angles in TTs can result in higher heat transfer rates, albeit with a slightly increased friction factor. The combination of alternate‐axes and wings in TTs leads to more effective heat transfer enhancement within the tube.
Effect of lidocaine on cognitively impaired rats: Anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms in combination with CRMP2 antiphosphorylation
Authors: Zheng Xiaohong , Lin Yuerong , Huang Linshen , Lin Xianzhong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveStudies have shown that lidocaine has antioxidative stress, anti‐inflammatory, and nerve‐protective effects. The current study investigated the effects of lidocaine on cognitive function in rats with cognitive dysfunction.MethodsA total of 48 rats were randomly assigned to four groups of 12 rats each: control group; L (lidocaine) + D (d‐galactose) group,
d‐galactose group (D group); and D + L group. We assessed cognitive function using a Morris water maze (MWM) and pathologic changes of hippocampal sections. An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELIZA) was used to detect serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in rats, and protein immunoblotting (western blot) was used to detect brain tissue proteins (collapsing response mediator protein‐2 [CRMP2], phosphorylated‐collapsing response mediator protein‐2 [P‐CRMP2], and β‐amyloid protein [Aβ]).ResultsThe MWM showed that the d‐gal group (284.09 ± 20.46, 5.20 ± 0.793) performed worse than the L + D (265.37 ± 22.34, 4.170 ± 0.577; p = .000) and D + L groups (254.72 ± 27.87, 3.750; p = .000) in escape latency and number of platform crossings, respectively. The L + D group (44.94 ± 2.92 pg/mL, 6.22 ± 0.50 pg/mL, and 460.02 ± 8.26 nmol/mL) and D + L group (46.88 ± 2.63 pg/mL, 5.90 ± 0.38 pg/mL, and 465.6 ± 16.07 nmol/mL) had significantly lower serum inflammatory levels of interleukin‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and MDA than the
d‐gal group (57.79 ± 3.96 pg/mL, 11.25 ± 1.70 pg/mL, and 564.9 ± 15.90 nmol/mL), respectively. The L + D group (3.17 ± 0.41 μg/mL) and D + L group (3.08 ± 0.09 μg/mL) had significantly higher serum inflammatory levels of SOD than the
d‐gal group (2.20 ± 0.13 μg/mL) (all p = .000). The levels of CRMP2, P‐CRMP2, and Aβ in the brain tissue homogenates of the L + D group (0.87 ± 0.04, 0.57 ± 0.0, and 0.16 ± 0.02) and the D + L group (0.82 ± 0.05, 0.58 ± 0.09, and 0.15 ± 0.02) were significantly different than the
d‐gal group (0.67 ± 0.03, 0.96 ± 0.040, and 0.29 ± 0.05).ConclusionsLidocaine was shown to reduce cognitive impairment in rats with cognitive dysfunction through anti‐inflammatory and antioxidative stress mechanisms in combination with CRMP2 antiphosphorylation.
Clinical efficacy of plasma exchange in systemic lupus erythematosus during pregnancy
Authors: Zhang Fen , Zhang Bing‐Ying , Fan Ru , Cheng Ting , Hu Xiao‐Rong , Liu Yu‐Qing , Cen Xing , Bu Yu‐Jie , Cao Jian‐Ping , Chen Feng‐Wu , Chen Jun‐Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy of plasma exchange (PE) with or without prednisone and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) during pregnancy.MethodsThe clinical characteristics of 14 pregnant women with SLE admitted to our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, including 7 only treated with prednisone and HCQ (non‐PE group) as well as 7 combined PE (PE group). The delivery situations of 14 patients were recorded. Data like erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), urine protein, platelet count, and SLEDAI scores were compared between two groups before treatment and 3, 6, and 12 months after delivery.ResultsThree patients in the non‐PE group ended in miscarriage while all patients in the PE group were delivered successfully. Eleven successfully delivered fetuses in the two groups were healthy, and the Apgar scores were over 8. The ESR of the PE group was significantly lower than that of the non‐PE group at 6 and 12 months after delivery, while there was no statistical difference in ESR between the two groups before treatment and 3 months after delivery. The ESR and urine protein were significantly higher in the non‐PE group at months 3, 6, and 12 postpartum. There was a significant decrease in disease activity postpartum in the PE group compared to predelivery disease activity. The change in platelet counts between the two groups significantly increased over time in the PE group, while SLEDAI scores decreased.ConclusionsThe combination of PE and oral prednisone and HCQ is possibly a more effective treatment than oral prednisone and HCQ alone for patients with active SLE during pregnancy. This treatment option reduces pregnancy loss and promotes the patients' postpartum condition to a certain extent.
Do age at diagnosis, tumour thickness and tumour site explain sex differences in melanoma survival? A causal mediation analysis using cancer registry data
Authors: Afshar Nina , Dashti S. Ghazaleh , Mar Victoria , te Marvelde Luc , Evans Sue , Milne Roger L. , English Dallas R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWomen diagnosed with melanoma have better survival than men, but little is known about potential intervention targets to reduce this survival gap by sex. We conducted a population‐based study using Victorian Cancer Registry data including 5833 women and 6780 men aged 15 to 70 years when diagnosed with first primary melanoma between 2007 and 2015. Deaths to the end of 2020 were identified through linkage to the Victorian and national death registries. We estimated the effect of age at diagnosis, tumour thickness and tumour site on reducing the melanoma‐specific survival gap by sex (ie, interventional indirect effects [IIEs]) on risk difference (RD) scale. Compared to women, there were 211 (95% CI: 145‐278) additional deaths per 10 000 in men within 5 years following diagnosis. We estimated that 44% of this gap would be reduced by a hypothetical intervention shifting the distribution of melanoma thickness in men to be the same as that observed for women (IIEthickness RD 93 [95% CI: 75‐118] per 10 000) and 20% by an intervention on tumour site (head and neck/trunk vs upper limb/lower limb; IIEsite RD 42 [95% CI: 15‐72] per 10 000), while an intervention on age at diagnosis would have a negligible effect. Tumour thickness, tumour site and age at diagnosis mediated 65% of the effect of sex on 5‐year melanoma survival in Victoria. Of these factors, tumour thickness had the most considerable mediating effect, suggesting that effective promotion of earlier detection of melanoma in men could potentially nearly halve the gap in melanoma‐specific survival by sex.
Corporate price dynamics during and after the COVID‐19 pandemic: Insights from a partial equilibrium model
Authors: Sánchez Serrano Antonio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic created an unprecedented demand and supply shock to the world economies. To understand its impact on corporate prices, we define a partial equilibrium model where non‐financial corporations operating in three sectors (suppliers, end‐producers and service providers) optimize their production under monopolistic competition and are subject to demand and supply shocks of different intensities. Our model confirms that when the demand shock dominates, prices tend to decrease. We then introduce data from the COVID‐19 pandemic in the European Union into our model and find that prices are expected to fall in the most acute phase of the pandemic, when lockdowns and similar health measures decrease demand, and to increase later as a result of tensions in the supply of intermediate goods and of the persistence of the supply shock. Inventories could play a decisive role in avoiding price increases in the moderate phase of the pandemic. In the post‐pandemic period, higher prices may continue for a time until the shock to suppliers vanishes. These are relevant insights on the macroeconomic impact of worldwide pandemics, also considering the current macroeconomic environment.
FIGO best practice guidance in surgical consent
Authors: Topcu E. Goknur , McClenahan Phil , Pule Koketso , Khattak Hajra , Karsli S. Eda , Cukelj Marijo , Ubom Akaninyene E. , Algurjia Esraa , Ozpinar Kubra , Perez Yotin Ramon , Bunu Rashid , Sanabria Leopoldo S. , Portilla Francisco J. R. , Pumpure Elizabete , Roy Priyankur , Fogarty Paul ,   FIGO Education Communication and Advocacy Committee
Published: October 2023

AbstractObtaining medical consent preoperatively is one of the key steps in preparing for surgery, and is an important step in informed decision making with the patient. According to good medical practice guidelines, doctors are required to have the knowledge and skills to treat patients as well as inform them, respect their wishes, and establish trust between themselves and their patients. Valid consent includes elements of competence, disclosure, understanding, and voluntariness. Documentation of these elements is also very important. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Education Communication and Advocacy Consortium (ECAC) has realized that the quality of consent varies considerably across the world and has developed simple guidelines regarding consent and procedure‐specific checklists for the most common obstetric and gynecological procedures.
N‐acetylneuraminic acid modulates SQSTM1/p62 sialyation‐mediated ubiquitination degradation contributing to vascular endothelium dysfunction in experimental atherosclerosis mice
Authors: Chen Le , Qiu Hongmei , Chen Qingqiu , Xiang Peng , Lei Jin , Zhang Jun , Lu Yining , Wang Xianmin , Wu Shengde , Yu Chao , Ma Limei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSialic acid (SIA) has been reported to be a risk factor for atherosclerosis (AS) due to its high plasma levels in such patients. However, the effect of increasing SIA in circulation on endothelial function during AS progression remains unclear. In the present study, ApoE−/− mice and endothelial cells line (HUVEC cells) were applied to investigate the effect of SIA on AS progression and its potential molecular mechanism. In vivo, mice were injected intraperitoneally with Neu5Ac (main form of SIA) to keep high‐level SIA in circulation. ORO, H&E, and Masson staining were applied to detect the plaque progression. In vitro, HUVECs were treated with Neu5Ac at different times, CCK‐8, RT‐PCR, western blot, and immunoprecipitation methods were used to analyze its effects on endothelial function and the potential involved mechanism. Results from the present study showed that high plasma levels of Neu5Ac in ApoE−/− mice could aggravate the plaque areas as well as increase necrotic core areas and collagen fiber contents. Remarkably, Neu5Ac levels in circulation displayed a positive correlation with AS plaque areas. Furthermore, results from HUVECs showed that Neu5Ac inhibited cells viability in a time/dose‐dependent manner, by then induced the activation of inflammation makers such as ICAM‐1 and IL‐1β. Mechanism study showed that the activation of excessive autophagy medicated by SQSTM1/p62 displayed an important role in endothelium inflammatory injury. Neu5Ac could modify SQSTM1/p62 as a sialylation protein, and then increase its level with ubiquitin binding, further inducing ubiquitination degradation and being involved in the excessive autophagy pathway. Inhibition of sialylation by P‐3Fax‐Neu5Ac, a sialyltransferase inhibitor, reduced the binding of SQSTM1/p62 to ubiquitin. Together, these findings indicated that Neu5Ac increased SQSTM1/p62‐ubiquitin binding through sialylation modification, thereby inducing excessive autophagy and subsequent endothelial injury. Inhibition of SQSTM1/p62 sialylation might be a potential strategy for preventing such disease with high levels of Neu5Ac in circulation.