bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the impact of dust storms on pastoralists’ livelihoods in West Iran: Social, economic, and environmental consequences
Authors: Ahmadi Farzad , Zamani Omid , Mirzaei Heidar , Azadi Hossein 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the economic, social, and environmental impacts of dust storms on pastoralists’ livelihoods in the Chaqakdo rangeland of West Iran. Data was collected through face‐to‐face interviews with 100 pastoralists in 2019. The research adopts a quantitative approach using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results demonstrate a significant and positive relationship between pastoralists’ livelihoods and the three independent variables (environmental, economic, and social), with the strongest correlation observed in environmental factors. The path coefficients indicate positive effects on pastoralists’ livelihoods. Additionally, dust storms were found to have detrimental environmental effects, such as plant leaf pollution, reduced grazing, and decreased growth of grassland plants. Therefore, it is crucial to establish adaptive measures to mitigate the impacts of dust storms on pastoralists, considering their heavy reliance on the local pastures.
Portal‐hypertension features are associated with ascites occurrence and survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated by external radiotherapy
Authors: Giudicelli Héloïse , Andraud Mickaël , Wagner Mathilde , Bourdais Rémi , Goumard Claire , Scatton Olivier , Thabut Dominique , Simon Jean‐Marc , Allaire Manon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsWe studied the impact of Portal hypertension (PHT) on ascites occurrence and on radiotherapy outcome in cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodAll cirrhotic patients that received radiotherapy for HCC between 2012 and 2022 were included. Portal hypertension‐Score was built using univariate analysis with the presence of esophageal varices (EV), platelet count, history of acute variceal bleeding (AVB) and spleen size. Time‐to‐events data were estimated using Kaplan‐Meier method with log‐rank and Cox‐models.Results60 patients were included (female 27%, age 67 years‐old, Child‐Pugh A 82%, alcoholic/non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis/hepatitis C virus 55/40/32%). 38% and 15% presented history of ascites and AVB respectively, 25% had large EV, 53.5% presented PHT score ≥ 5. 92% were BCLC‐0/A, median tumor size was 30 mm. At 6 months, ascites incidence was 19% and precluded access to further HCC treatment for all patients with HCC recurrence. All PHT parameters included in the score and PHT score ≥ 5 (hazard ratio (HR) = 14.07, p = 0.01) were associated with ascites occurrence. Transplantation free survival and recurrence free survival at 1 year were 56% and 47% respectively. Albi grade 3 (HR = 3.01; p = 0.04) was independently associated with Transplantation free survival.ConclusionRadiotherapy should be cautiously performed in patients with PHT score ≥ 5 because of ascites occurrence risk precluding access to further HCC treatments.
Trends and challenges in the use of drugs as forensic evidence: A scientometric approach to map the current literature
Authors: Norman Caitlyn , Lim Dorothy Xi Yue , Henderson Taylor , Casali Fabio , Daéid Niamh Nic , Nisbet Lorna , Ménard Hervé 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe rapid increase in the production and distribution of illicit drugs has led to vast amounts of data being generated through research and other publications, making it difficult to effectively distill and analyze current and emerging trends. The present study used a scientometric approach to identify trends and challenges in the use of drugs as an evidence type in forensic science by examining reference lists available in the INTERPOL IFSMS reports and the citation database Scopus. It has been identified that “new psychoactive substances” is one of the most frequently used keywords by authors, highlighting the swift response by communities to characterize these emerging compounds. However, it was also noted that despite drugs being a global threat, only limited international collaboration was observed between research groups and the majority of the studies are from authors affiliated within the same country. Finally, an argument is made to encourage a more comprehensive approach in aggregating results on drugs for greater transparency and broader distribution of findings.This article is categorized under:
Forensic Chemistry > Mass Casualty Management
Forensic Chemistry > Controlled and Emerging Drug Compounds
Science Fiction, Speculative Pedagogy, and Critical Hope: Counternarratives for/of the Future
Authors: Tomin Brittany , Collis Ryan B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn times characterized by pervasive future narratives—technological utopianism, dystopian annihilation, neoliberal “progress”—and simultaneous, all-consuming eco-anxiety, how the future is addressed in schools is critically important as we navigate our complex relationship with the “Anthropocene” in education. In this chapter, we problematize restrictive curricular and pedagogical visions of possibility and, as an alternative, position science fiction and speculative storytelling as genres that offer pedagogical frameworks through which educators may center collective, speculative, complex narratives of the future that open up—instead of foreclose upon—possible paths forward and ways of engaging with the present. Grounded in genre studies, futures studies, and science and technology studies, as well as in speculative world building work conducted with secondary students, this chapter accordingly outlines the contours of speculative pedagogy. Speculative pedagogy is framed in this chapter as an approach that embraces and explores collective, open futures; centers interdisciplinarity as a central means through which we can come to envision complex future possibilities with students; prioritizes dismantling singular narratives of possibility and the future; and mobilizes science fictional and speculative storytelling modes to grapple with uncertainty and resist mastery as educators examine critical social, technological, scientific, and existential issues alongside their students.
Perturbing Current Boundary Conditions in Discipline-Based and Science Education Research in the Anthropocene: Implications for Research and Teaching Communities
Authors: Wooten Michelle M. , Ryker Katherine 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe field of research on science teaching and learning at the college level has recently divided into disciplinary communities. In this chapter, we meet in the middle of our disciplinary inquiries in astronomy education x geoscience education x education research to make meaning of the possibilities between and among our communities, and within the broader landscape of research on science teaching and learning. By examining knowledge at the interface of these disciplines, we believe we can use science teaching and learning to address problems facing humans and nonhumans today. Accordingly, we looked for ways to generate an affective sense of freedom to communicate and deliberate across perceived discipline-based education research community boundaries both in our research and in our teaching. Playing with geologic representations rendered during five research meetings over the course of three years, we explored possibilities of and limitations to disciplinary perturbations. We examined our previous engagements to convey real-time difficulties and humors involved with communicating across disciplines, with an aspiration to carve joy into our readers’ continued inquiries with others in our broader, shared science teaching and learning research landscape.
In Conversation with Isabelle Stengers: Ontological Politics in Catastrophic Times
Authors: Stengers Isabelle , Higgins Marc , Wallace Maria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this conversation, Isabelle Stengers elucidates upon the ontological politics of scientific practice in this contemporary moment to remind us that another science is possible. Drawing from her own rich scholarship of sociology, history, and philosophy of science, Stengers makes the case that the scientific enterprise has been caught up since the scientific revolution in a practice of fast science which is premised on a particular kind of irresponsibility which has consequences for these catastrophic times. In turn, she calls for a slow science, one which is premised on redeveloping the art of paying attention to that which has historically and too easily bracketed out as “non-scientific” concerns. Not unlike the intrusion of Gaia, which Stengers offers as a critical alternative to the concept of the Anthropocene, slow science is an insistent stranger who can no longer be ignored, whose presence increasingly provides a productive irritation. Further, another science is not only possible, it is necessary: Stengers offers that it might be what is necessary to go beyond just surviving in the ruins.
In Conversation with Steven Khan: Sensible and Sense-able Qualitative Literacies for Multi-species Flourishing
Authors: Khan Steven , Higgins Marc 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this conversation with Steven Khan, he illuminates his recent trajectory toward multi-species flourishing with mathematics education. Incisively including colonial plantation logics into contemporary conversations of the Anthropocene in STEM education, Khan sketches out a figuration of mathematics education that continues to uphold, albeit differently, a political economy rooted in consumption, overwork, uncompensated labor, scarcity, violence, and erasure. In response, and recognizing that no human flourishing occurs without the flourishing of other-than-human kin, Khan offers multi-species flourishing. To animate multi-species flourishing, Khan offers examples such as critical examinations of sonic landscapes as novel means of attuning otherwise, as well as how it might become an actionable practice in spaces such as mathematics teacher education. Khan concludes this conversation by highlighting the importance of creating collectives in which differences are assets rather than liabilities and are treated as such.
The Ghost of Laplace’s Demon: Revisiting the Anthropocene
Authors: Bang Lars 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEducation is haunted by a dogmatic image of thought that sees learning as outcomes, representations, and a thing to be tested. The problematic of the dogmatic image of thought reactualizes in science education, where discursive systems and propositions counteract a fresh image of thought in terms of flows. In physics education, the dogmatic image of thought obfuscates seeing functives as multiplicities and posits physics education as the learning of stable singular concepts rather than functives. The first example drawn upon, utilizing Richard Feynman’s lecture, is the theory of gravity, presented here not as a concept, but as a complex function composed of functives. The second example is Pierre-Simon Laplace’s writings on probability and determinism. Both historical cases display the issues regarding the dogmatic image of thought and the fulcrum to revisit it as bodily flows. The last point raised in this chapter is how learning about the world, when seen as a flow, is connected to a double activity of thought and body, drawing extensively on Spinoza’s epistemology and Deleuze’s interpretation of it.
Fluid Management in Septic Shock
Authors: Ghosh Supradip , Arora Garima 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBoth relative (due to vasodilatation and leaky capillaries) and absolute hypovolemia are common in patients with septic shock, and fluid infusion remains the first-line resuscitation measure. However, fluid overload is a potential consequence of fluid infusion, especially left unmonitored. Early vasopressor infusion may be useful in specific situation. Every effort should be made to limit cumulative fluid balance in every stage of resuscitation.
„Rasse“ als globaler Datenstrom: Die Hamburger Anthropologie des 20. Jahrhunderts als Ausgangspunkt einer Datengeschichte der Rassifizierung
Authors: Kröger Philipp 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDieser Aufsatz zeigt anhand der Hamburger Anthropologie des 20. Jahrhunderts, wie historisch spezifische Aufschreibesysteme der anthropologischen Forschung die jeweiligen Vorstellungen davon, was „Rasse“ sei, prägten und diese für den politischen Zugriff operationalisierten. Es werden drei Paradigmen der Geschichte der deutschen Anthropologie – physische Anthropologie, „Erblehre“, Populationsgenetik – untersucht und die Frage gestellt, wie sich die ihnen jeweils zugrunde liegenden Medientechniken – Loseblattsammlung, Kartei, elektronische Datenverarbeitung – auf die Konstruktion und politische Mobilisierung von „Rasse“ auswirkten. Mit einer so konturierten Datengeschichte der Rassifizierung lassen sich die ontologischen Fallstricke jüngerer Debatten um die Kategorie „Rasse“ umgehen.
EU-Korea trade relations in the context of global disruption: political and legal perspectives
Authors: Christiansen Thomas , Kim Bongchul 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTrade has long been the foundation of relations between the Republic of Korea and the European Union, and the conclusion of a comprehensive free trade agreement between the two sides in 2011 was both a recognition of the value of economic exchange and a catalyst for deeper cooperation in subsequent years. This paper discusses in some detail the governance of trade relations and other aspects of economic cooperation between Korea and the European Union, highlighting the multilayered nature and the expanding scope of legal ties between the two sides. The positive bilateral cooperation occurs however against the background of a changing and increasingly challenging global context. The failure of the Doha Round, the limitations of the World Trade Organization, and the growing concerns about de-coupling between the USA and China are all developments that complicate efforts towards trade liberalization and indeed threaten to disrupt global trade significantly. These adverse trends contain particular risks for Korea and the EU, both close allies of the USA and also both economies that are deeply integrated with the Chinese economy. Managing Korea-EU trade relations is therefore becoming both more complicated but also more important, and in conclusion, the paper provides an outlook on these future challenges.
Crashworthiness of Foam-Filled and Reinforced Honeycomb Crash Absorbers in Transverse Direction
Authors: Nicoud G. , Ghasemnejad H. , Srimanosaowapak S. , Watson J. W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHoneycomb crash absorbers have been widely studied as energy absorption devices for use in automotive industries. However, none of these investigations have studied the side impact of empty and foam-filled honeycomb absorbers and adding stiffeners between the different layers of the corrugated sheets which are composing the honeycomb structure to analyse the structure under transverse (L-direction) impacts. In this paper, the foam-filled and reinforced honeycomb crash absorbers are investigated under axial (T) and transverse (L) loading directions. Experimental results for both empty and foam-filled specimens under quasi-static and impact loads were implemented to validate the developed finite element model. Finite element analysis (FEA) was performed to find out the crashworthiness behaviour of the structure under axial and transverse impacts according to road conditions. Finally, a new design of stiffened honeycomb crash absorber was developed and investigated to reduce the level of acceleration experienced by the passengers during the crash event. In this regard, it is concluded that all the requirements related to the energy absorption capabilities and generated deceleration under impact loading can be met by introducing an advanced method to reinforce honeycomb absorbers using stiffeners. It is also proven that the thickness of these stiffeners will not significantly influence the force levels. Due to increase of wall thickness from 1 to 3 mm, the mean crushing force increased from 129 kN to 148 kN. This growth is not sufficient as the goal is to obtain a mean crushing force of 300 kN. Thickening the stiffeners would lead to a loss of efficiency of the structure, as the small increase in mean force would not make up for the gain in mass. Thus, increasing the corrugated sheet’ thickness becomes necessary.
Commutativity of quantization with conic reduction for torus actions on compact CR manifolds
Authors: Galasso Andrea 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe define conic reductions $$X^{\textrm{red}}_{\nu }$$

X
ν
red

for torus actions on the boundary X of a strictly pseudo-convex domain and for a given weight $$\nu $$
ν
labeling a unitary irreducible representation. There is a natural residual circle action on $$X^{\textrm{red}}_{\nu }$$

X
ν
red

. We have two natural decompositions of the corresponding Hardy spaces H(X) and $$H(X^{\textrm{red}}_{\nu })$$

H
(

X
ν
red

)

. The first one is given by the ladder of isotypes $$H(X)_{k\nu }$$

H

(
X
)

k
ν

, $$k\in {\mathbb {Z}}$$

k
∈
Z

; the second one is given by the k-th Fourier components $$H(X^{\textrm{red}}_{\nu })_k$$

H

(

X
ν
red

)

k

induced by the residual circle action. The aim of this paper is to prove that they are isomorphic for k sufficiently large. The result is given for spaces of (0, q)-forms with $$L^2$$

L
2

-coefficient when X is a CR manifold with non-degenerate Levi form.
Optimal cashback in a cooperative framework for peer-to-peer insurance coverages
Authors: Clemente Gian Paolo , Levantesi Susanna , Piscopo Gabriella 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe challenges of using technology in the insurance field are opening new horizons for developing and distributing innovative products. Among these, peer-to-peer insurance schemes attract the interest of policyholders and insurance companies. Different types of peer-to-peer insurance have been introduced, from pure models to hybrid ones, as in the case of the broker model. In this paper, we focus on the broker model, where the groups of peers are formed by an insurance broker according to similar risk characteristics. The participants in the network pay an initial contribution defined by a cooperative rule that must be transparent and shared. A part or the whole of the collected contributions is set aside in a common fund. At the end of the year, if the common fund is sufficient to pay for the claims, the members obtain the excess over-retained premiums that is shared according to a capital allocation rule. We propose a cashback distribution mechanism based on the participant’s marginal contribution to the risk, framing the issue in a cooperative game and applying the concept of Shapley value to define an optimal allocation rule of the remaining capital. A numerical application based on a portfolio of motor third-party liability policies is developed to show how the model works.
RL-ECGNet: resource-aware multi-class detection of arrhythmia through reinforcement learning
Authors: Ismail Heba , Serhani M. Adel , Hussein Nada Mohamed , Elhadef Mourad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractArrhythmia is a fatal cardiac clinical condition that risks the lives of millions every year. It has multiple classes with variable prevalence rates. Some rare arrhythmia classes are equally critical as common ones, yet are very hard to detect due to limited training samples. While several methods accurately detect Arrhythmia's multi-class, minority class accuracy remains low and these methods are resource-intensive. Therefore, most of the existing detection systems ignore minority classes in their classification or focus on binary classification. In this study, we introduce RL-ECGNet, a resource-efficient reinforcement learning-based optimization for multi-class arrhythmia detection, encompassing minority classes, through ECG signal analysis. RL-ECGNet uses raw ECG signals, processes them to extract the temporal ECG features, and utilizes Reinforcement Learning (RL) to optimize the training and network hyperparameters of the Deep Learning (DL) models while reducing resource consumption. For evaluation, four DL models, namely, MLP, CNN, LSTM, and GRU, are trained and optimized. Moreover, time and memory usage are minimized to optimize resource consumption. Throughout the evaluation of the four DL models, the proposed RL model achieved accuracies ranging from 88.45% to 96.41% for all 9 arrhythmia classes, including minority classes. In addition, the proposed RL method improved performance by a factor ranging from 1.28 to 1.39 in terms of accuracy. Moreover, the optimized DL models had reduced training time, as well as minimized memory usage. The proposed method achieved resource consumption reduction ranging from 1.36 to 1.925 times for training time, and from 1.179 to 1.815 times for memory usage.
Ethics of Care Leadership, Racial Inclusion, and Economic Health in the Cities: Is There a Female Leadership Advantage?
Authors: Stajkovic Kayla , Stajkovic Alexander D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGrowing evidence suggests the presence of a female leadership advantage (FLA), such that women leaders tend to be associated with more effective outcomes in uncertain conditions. However, mechanisms linking women's leadership to effective outcomes are less well understood. We integrate FLA insights with ethics of care philosophical framework to conceptualize how women leaders achieve effective outcomes in the context of the urban revitalization crisis in the United States. We propose and empirically test the mediating role of ethics of care leadership in the relationship between women mayors and economic health of their cities. We used data from the Urban Institute that includes 272 United States cities and measures of variables in our conceptual model at five points in time spanning 36 years (n = 1185 city-year observations). We capture ethics of care leadership focused on racial inclusion with an index measure of a city’s racial spatial segregation, homeownership gap, poverty gap, and education gap, and we capture economic health with an index measure of a city’s employment growth, unemployment rate, housing vacancy rate, and median family income. We found that female-led cities were associated with better economic health, and this association was mediated by female-led cities’ association with greater racial inclusion. Ethics of care leadership appears to be one pathway through which a FLA manifests itself in the context of the urban revitalization crisis. This underscores the importance of city leadership that balances social and economic prerogatives. Implications are discussed.
Epistemic agency: a link between assessment, knowledge and society
Authors: Nieminen Juuso Henrik , Ketonen Laura 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this conceptual article, we discuss the idea of students’ epistemic agency as an overlooked link between assessment, knowledge and society. We transcend the contemporary discourses around assessment that focus on its authenticity and student-centredness and instead investigate assessment from the viewpoints of knowledge and knowing. This approach sees assessment as functioning not only as a promoter of student learning but also as a means to prepare students to be responsible graduates and citizens as epistemic agents. First, we adapt the theory of epistemic agency—that is, students’ capability to agentically evaluate, produce, use and transform knowledge—by situating it within the specific context of assessment. Second, we suggest practice-oriented ideas for assessment and feedback design to nurture epistemic agency. Overall, we do not depict epistemic agency as yet another ‘soft skill’ in higher education but as a necessary focal point for assessment that aims to nurture a transformative relationship between students and knowledge. We suggest epistemic agency as a powerful concept in understanding and nurturing the three-way engagement between assessment, knowledge and society. This concept allows us to understand whether and how assessment shapes students as epistemic agents.