bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective BET inhibitor RVX‐208 ameliorates periodontal inflammation and bone loss
Authors: Sun Mingxu , Clayton Nicholas , Alam Sheikh , Asmussen Niels , Wong Andrew , Kim Jin Ha , Luong Gary , Mokhtari Sasan , Pellei David , Carrico Caroline K. , Schwartz Zvi , Boyan Barbara D. , Giannobile William V. , Sahingur Sinem Esra , Lin Zhao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimTo determine the effects of RVX‐208, a selective bromodomain and extra‐terminal domain (BET) inhibitor targeting bromodomain 2 (BD2), on periodontal inflammation and bone loss.Materials and MethodsMacrophage‐like cells (RAW264.7) and human gingival epithelial cells were challenged by Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) with or without RVX‐208. Inflammatory gene expression and cytokine production were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. RAW264.7 cells were induced to osteoclast differentiation. After RVX‐208 treatment, osteoclast differentiation was evaluated by histology, tartrate‐resistant‐acid‐phosphatase (TRAP) activity and the expression of osteoclast‐specific genes. The effect of RVX‐208 on osteoclast transcriptome was studied by RNA sequencing. Periodontitis was induced in rats by ligature and local RVX‐208 treatment was administered every other day. Alveolar bone loss was measured by micro‐computed tomography.ResultsRVX‐208 inhibited inflammatory gene expression and cytokine production in Pg‐infected cells. Osteoclast differentiation was inhibited by RVX‐208, as evidenced by reduced osteoclast number, TRAP activity and osteoclast‐specific gene expression. RVX‐208 displayed a more selective and less profound suppressive impact on transcriptome compared with pan‐BET inhibitor, JQ1. RVX‐208 administration prevented the alveolar bone loss in vivo.ConclusionsRVX‐208 regulated both upstream (inflammatory cytokine production) and downstream (osteoclast differentiation) events that lead to periodontal tissue destruction, suggesting that it may be a promising ‘epi‐drug’ for the prevention of periodontitis.
Colonization, diversity, and seasonality of fishes at pelagic fish aggregating devices
Authors: Schneider Eric V. C. , Talwar Brendan S. , Killen Shaun S. , Russell Samantha , Van Leeuwen Travis E. , Bailey David M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe pelagic zone of the ocean can be a challenging environment in which to conduct research and as a result we lack the robust baseline abundance and diversity data, compared to what is available in more accessible coastal habitats, to be able to track changes or stressors to the biota in this environment. Many large‐scale fisheries target pelagic fish, and much of the information available on these species is based on fisheries‐dependent data that may be biased towards hotspots and commercially valuable fishes. Here, a long‐term video and visual fish survey was conducted on two subsurface moored fish aggregating devices (FADs) in the pelagic waters of the central Bahamas to determine the feasibility of using moored pelagic FADs as tools for collecting fish abundance and diversity data. A wide range of species was documented, including large migratory fish that are the focus of commercial and recreational fisheries, and smaller often overlooked species on which little abundance or seasonality information exists. We found that FADs colonize quickly and reach a peak stable (albeit seasonally cyclical) abundance and diversity within the first several months after deployment. Species richness was higher in video surveys, but abundance was higher in visual surveys, except for sharks. Our results highlight the need to tailor survey methods to fit the context and study objective, and provide further evidence for the importance of fisheries‐independent data in monitoring pelagic species.
Assessment of the differences in oncologic outcomes between patients with high‐grade serous ovarian carcinoma and uterine serous carcinoma
Authors: Kilic Fatih , Ersak Burak , Cakir Caner , Yuksel Dilek , Kilic Cigdem , Korkmaz Vakkas , Tokgozoglu Nedim , Toptas Tayfun , Boran Nurettin , Kimyon Comert Gunsu , Ureyen Isin , Tasci Tolga , Moraloglu Tekin Ozlem , Ustun Yaprak , Turan Taner 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate whether the recurrence rates, recurrence patterns, and survival outcomes differed according to the primary site of the tumor in patients with high‐grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) and uterine serous carcinoma (USC).MethodsThe population of this multicenter retrospective study consisted of patients who had USC or HGSOC. Progression‐free survival (PFS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) estimates were determined using the Kaplan–Meier method. Survival curves were compared using the log‐rank test.ResultsThe study cohort consisted of 247 patients with HGSOC and 34 with USC. Recurrence developed in 118 (51.1%) in the HGSOC group and 14 (42.4%) in the USC group (p = 0.352). The median time to recurrence was 23.5 (range, 4–144) and 17 (range, 4–43) months in the HGSOC and USC groups, respectively (p = 0.055). The 3‐year PFS was 52% in the HGSOC group and 47% in the USC group (p = 0.450). Additionally, 3‐year DSS was 92% and 82% in the HGSOC and USC groups, respectively (p = 0.060).ConclusionsHGSOC and USC are aggressive tumors with high recurrence and mortality rates in advanced stages. These two carcinomas, which are similar in molecular features and clinical management, may also have similar recurrence patterns, disease failure, and survival rates.
Ultradian hydrocortisone replacement alters neuronal processing, emotional ambiguity, affect and fatigue in adrenal insufficiency: The PULSES trial
Authors: Russell Georgina , Kalafatakis Konstantinos , Durant Claire , Marchant Nicola , Thakrar Jamini , Thirard Russell , King Jade , Bowles Jane , Upton Thomas , Thai Ngoc Jade , Brooks Jonathan C. W. , Wilson Aileen , Phillips Kirsty , Ferguson Stuart , Grabski Meryem , Rogers Chris A. , Lampros Theodoros , Wilson Sue , Harmer Catherine , Munafo Marcus , Lightman Stafford L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrimary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) mortality and morbidity remain unacceptably high, possibly arising as glucocorticoid replacement does not replicate natural physiology. A pulsatile subcutaneous pump can closely replicate cortisol's circadian and ultradian rhythm.ObjectivesTo assess the effect of pump therapy on quality of life, mood, functional neuroimaging, behavioural/cognitive responses, sleep and metabolism.MethodsA 6‐week randomised, crossover, double‐blinded and placebo‐controlled feasibility study of usual dose hydrocortisone in PAI administered as either pulsed subcutaneous or standard care in Bristol, United Kingdom (ISRCTN67193733). Participants were stratified by adrenal insufficiency type. All participants who received study drugs are included in the analysis. The primary outcome, the facial expression recognition task (FERT), occurred at week 6.ResultsBetween December 2014 and 2017, 22 participants were recruited – 20 completed both arms, and 21 were analysed. The pump was well‐tolerated. No change was seen in the FERT primary outcome; however, there were subjective improvements in fatigue and mood. Additionally, functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed differential neural processing to emotional cues and visual stimulation. Region of interest analysis identified the left amygdala and insula, key glucocorticoid‐sensitive regions involved in emotional ambiguity. FERT post hoc analysis confirmed this response. There were four serious adverse events (AE): three intercurrent illnesses requiring hospitalisation (1/3, 33.3% pump) and a planned procedure (1/1, 100% pump). There was a small number of expected AEs: infusion site bruising/itching (3/5, 60% pump), intercurrent illness requiring extra (3/7, 42% pump) and no extra (4/6, 66% pump) steroid.ConclusionsThese findings support the administration of hormone therapy that mimics physiology.
Labour market impact of theCOVID‐19 pandemic in the West Bank and Gaza
Authors: Deng Jingyuan , Elmallakh Nelly , Flabbi Luca , Gatti Roberta 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article studies the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on men's labour supply in the West Bank and Gaza, both on the extensive (participation) and intensive (hours of work) margins. We find that the pandemic was associated with a decline in employment and labour supply in the immediate aftermath of the pandemic, with large adjustments at the intensive margin. Afterwards, labour market indicators quickly bounced back to their pre‐pandemic levels, but less so for the most vulnerable segments of the workforce, such as informal workers, workers in blue collar occupations, the least educated, and residents in refugee camps.
How the switch to hummingbird pollination has greatly contributed to our understanding of evolutionary processes
Authors: Wessinger Carolyn A. 
Published: October 2023

SummaryThe evolutionary switch to hummingbird pollination exemplifies complex adaptation, requiring evolutionary change in multiple component traits. Despite this complexity, diverse lineages have converged on hummingbird‐adapted flowers on a relatively short evolutionary timescale. Here, I review how features of the genetic basis of adaptation contribute to this remarkable evolutionary lability. Large‐effect substitutions, large mutational targets for adaptation, adaptive introgression, and concentrated architecture all contribute to the origin and maintenance of hummingbird‐adapted flowers. The genetic features of adaptation are likely shaped by the ecological and geographic context of the switch to hummingbird pollination, with implications for future evolutionary trajectories.
Age‐related Changes with the Trabecular Bone of Ward's Triangle and Neck‐shaft Angle in the Proximal Femur: A Radiographic Study
Authors: Ding Kai , Zhu Yanbin , Li Jiaxing , Yuwen Peizhi , Yang Weijie , Zhang Yifan , Wang Haicheng , Ren Chuan , Chen Wei , Zhang Qi , Zhang Yingze 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThe Ward triangle is an important area used clinically to diagnose and assess osteoporosis and its fracture risk in the proximal femur. The main objective of this study was to investigate the rules of development and maturation of the trabeculae of Ward's triangle to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment proximal femur fracture.MethodsFrom January 2018 to December 2019, individuals from 4 months to 19 years old who underwent hip growth and development assessments at the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University were selected retrospectively. The outpatient electronic medical record system was used to collect information such as age, gender, imaging images, and clinical diagnosis. The development score and maturity characteristics of the trabecular bone were analyzed using hip radiograph data. Correlation analysis was performed to identify the relationship among age, neck‐shaft angle and development and maturity score of the trabecular bone.ResultsA total of 941 patients were enrolled in this study, including 539 males and 402 females. Primary compression trabeculae were all present at 1 year of age and matured at 7 years of age and older; primary tension trabeculae were all present at 4 years of age and matured at 18 years of age. Secondary compression trabeculae were present at 4 years of age and matured at 18 years of age. In addition, the neck‐shaft angle progressively decreases from 4 months to 14 years of age but barely changes between 15 and 19 years of age.ConclusionIn short, the development and maturation of the trabeculae in the ward’ triangle followed a specific temporal pattern that was related to the neck‐shaft angle. Therefore, these findings can help us understand structure and mechanical characteristics of proximal femoral trabeculae, and improve our understanding of the mechanism and treatment of proximal femoral fractures.
Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Leverage Reduction in the Treatment of Pediatric Salter–Harris IV and V Distal Femoral Physeal Fractures
Authors: Shu Wen , Ou ZiXuan , Feng QiYuan , Zhong Haobo , Tang Xin 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveDistal femoral physeal fractures (DFPF) are rare but severe injuries in children, and there is no consensus on treatments for Salter–Harris (S–H) IV and V type of DFPF yet. This study aimed to introduce a minimally invasive technique using percutaneous leverage reduction combined with Kirschner wires fixation in treating pediatric DFPF with S–H IV and V type of injury and evaluate the clinical results.MethodsFrom July 2008 to June 2018, the authors' institute (Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College) retrospectively reviewed all patients diagnosed with pediatric DFPF. They were divided into two groups according to received treatment: children in the minimally invasive technique group were treated with a minimally invasive percutaneous leverage reduction technique, and the traditional technique group included the other children who received the conventional open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF). The surgical and clinical results of the two groups were collected and analyzed. The independent sample t‐test analysis and the chi‐square test were applied to compare continuous and categorical variables.ResultsA total of 14 pediatric patients were recruited, including five females and nine males with DFEF. All eight patients in the minimally invasive technique group and four of the six patients in the ORIF group were treated successfully. One patient in the minimally invasive technique group opted for conservative treatment due to his good functional recovery, while the other two patients in the ORIF group needed further surgery because of the limb length discrepancy. There was a difference in surgery duration (p < 0.001), intraoperative fluoroscopy numbers (p = 0.006), intraoperative blood loss (p < 0.001), radiological union time (p = 0.003) and knee flexion angle (p < 0.001) between two groups. Patients in the minimally invasive technique group all received total knee society (KSS) scores, while the average scores in the ORIF group were lower (100.00 vs. 97.67).ConclusionThe minimally invasive technique is better than conventional ORIF in terms of surgery duration, intraoperative blood loss, radiological union time, knee flexion angle and average KSS score. This percutaneous leverage reduction technique might be a good alternative for treating S–H IV and V DFPF in children.
Appropriate reduction of importin‐α gene expression enhances yellow dwarf disease resistance in common wheat
Authors: Wang Lina , Zhang Kunpu , Wang Zhaohui , Yang Jin , Kang Guozhang , Liu Yan , You Liyuan , Wang Xifeng , Jin Huaibing , Wang Daowen , Guo Tiancai 
Published: October 2023

SummaryBarley yellow dwarf viruses (BYDVs) cause widespread damage to global cereal crops. Here we report a novel strategy for elevating resistance to BYDV infection. The 17K protein, a potent virulence factor conserved in BYDVs, interacted with barley IMP‐α1 and ‐α2 proteins that are nuclear transport receptors. Consistently, a nuclear localization signal was predicted in 17K, which was found essential for 17K to be transported into the nucleus and to interact with IMP‐α1 and ‐α2. Reducing HvIMP‐α1 and ‐α2 expression by gene silencing attenuated BYDV‐elicited dwarfism, accompanied by a lowered nuclear accumulation of 17K. Among the eight common wheat CRISPR mutants with two to four TaIMP‐α1 and ‐α2 genes mutated, the triple mutant α1aaBBDD/α2AAbbdd and the tetra‐mutant α1aabbdd/α2AAbbDD displayed strong BYDV resistance without negative effects on plant growth under field conditions. The BYDV resistance exhibited by α1aaBBDD/α2AAbbdd and α1aabbdd/α2AAbbDD was correlated with decreased nuclear accumulation of 17K and lowered viral proliferation in infected plants. Our work uncovers the function of host IMP‐α proteins in BYDV pathogenesis and generates the germplasm valuable for breeding BYDV‐resistant wheat. Appropriate reduction of IMP‐α gene expression may be broadly useful for enhancing antiviral resistance in agricultural crops and other economically important organisms.
Giovanni Pontano hears the street soundscape of Naples
Authors: Shephard Tim , Rice Melany 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGiovanni Pontano’s dialogue Antonius can be read almost as a thick description of the soundscape of a Neapolitan street in the mid‐ to late‐15th century, complete with public announcements, street performers, domestic arguments, workers’ banter, charms and spells, processions, errand boys, bells, clocks, cockerels, and much more. Antonius was first printed in 1491, and then in a 1501 Opera edition alongside another dialogue, Charon, Pontano’s treatises De fortitudine, De principe and De obedientia, and his treatises on the “social virtues,” De liberalitate, De benificentia, De magnificentia, De splendore, and De conviventia. Using the street soundscape of Antonius as a framework, this essay interleaves both sonic reportage and reflections on the ethics and purpose of sound drawn from the other works included in the 1501 edition, to construct a rich and surprisingly detailed impression of the urban soundscape as it struck Pontano, or at least as he represented it in a literary context.
Commenting on music in Juvenal's sixth satire
Authors: O'Flaherty Ciara , Shephard Tim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe satires of Juvenal were immensely popular in Renaissance Italy, printed in various forms over 70 times in the period 1469‐1520, and five times in 1501 alone. The satires contain a wealth of references to instruments, instrumentalists, and playing practices that are frequently used in double entendres connoting lewd acts and infidelity, most potently in the sixth satire. The five Renaissance commentaries printed alongside the satires in 1501 editions suggest how much contemporary scholars wished to say, or indeed not say, about these saucy musical passages. This article will examine the ways in which contemporary commentators unpack and explain musical aspects of the sixth satire, their surprisingly detailed and determined efforts adding up to a distinctive strand of music‐historical study that is in evidence across numerous books of commentated classical verse from our 1501 corpus.
Asymmetric loading strategies during squats following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A longitudinal investigation with curve analyses throughout and after rehabilitation
Authors: Strong Andrew , Markström Jonas L. , Schelin Lina , Häger Charlotte K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInvestigations of kinetic asymmetries during bilateral squats following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are limited to mainly cross‐sectional studies and discrete value data extracted at specific knee angles. We assessed loading asymmetries during squats longitudinally throughout rehabilitation using curve analysis and compared patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) between those with and without asymmetry. Bodyweight squats were performed by 24 individuals (13 females) post‐ACLR on three occasions: (1) Early 2.9 (1.1) months; (2) Mid 8.8 (3.1) months; (3) at Return to Sport (RTS) 13.1 (3.6) months; and 29 asymptomatic controls (22 females) once. Time‐normalized between‐leg asymmetry curves of sagittal plane hip, knee, and ankle moments and vertical ground reaction forces were compared using functional data analysis methods. Individual asymmetrical loading for ACLR was classified when exceeding the 95% confidence interval of controls during ≥50% of the squat. At Early, ACLR had greater asymmetry than controls for knee (15%–100% eccentric phase; 0%–100% concentric) and ankle flexion moments (56%–65% concentric). At Mid, ACLR had greater asymmetry for knee (41%–72% eccentric) and ankle flexion moments (56%–69% concentric). No between‐group differences were found at RTS. From Early to RTS, ACLR reduced asymmetry for hip (21%–46% eccentric), knee (27%–58% concentric), and ankle flexion moments (21%–57% eccentric). At Early, 11/24 underloaded their ACLR knee and 1 overloaded compared with controls. At RTS, 4 underloaded and 6 overloaded. No differences in PROMs were found based on loading asymmetry. Beyond the early phase of rehabilitation from ACLR, individual‐level analyses are required to reveal differing loading strategies during bilateral squats.
Government revenue composition and forest loss: A cross‐national study of low‐ and middle‐income nations
Authors: Harper Marion C. , Sommer Jamie M. , Shandra John M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe draw on social contract theory and resource curse literatures to assess the relationship between government revenue composition and forest loss in low‐ and middle‐income nations that collect higher levels of revenues from a broad base of individuals and companies should have less forest loss.MethodsWe use two‐stage instrumental variable regression models to test how a government's revenue source impacts forest loss for a sample of 83 low‐ and middle‐income nations.ResultsWe find support that low‐ and middle‐income nations that collect more revenue from broad‐based taxes tend to have less forest loss.ConclusionWe move the cross‐national research frontier forward by applying insights from the fiscal contract and resource curse literatures to forest loss. We find that a government's revenue source is related to forest loss with low‐ and middle‐income nations that rely more on broad‐based taxes having lower levels of forest loss than revenues collected from other sources including natural resource rents and foreign aid.
Role of the Equivalence Ratio on Soot Formation in a Perfectly Premixed Turbulent Swirled Flame: A Combined Experimental and Large Eddy Simulations Study
Authors: Maffina Aurora , Roussillo Mathieu , Scouflaire Philippe , Darabiha Nasser , Veynante Denis , Candel Sebastien , Franzelli Benedetta 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The understanding of processes that govern soot production in aero-engines is fundamental for the design of new combustion systems with low environmental impact. Many combustors, more specifically those used in aero-engines, feature rich flame regions typically exploited in the so-called rich-quench-lean (RQL) technology. Thus, it is important to consider rich turbulent flames operating in the premixed mode. To this purpose, a model scale swirled combustor, called EM2Soot, was designed at the EM2C laboratory to analyze soot production under perfectly premixed rich conditions. In this work, the effect of the equivalence ratio on soot production in this burner is experimentally characterized and numerically simulated. Measurements of Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PLIF-PAH) were performed to examine soot precursors presence, whereas soot volume fraction is measured with planar laser-induced incandescence (LII). Large Eddy Simulations (LES) are carried out using models already established in literature. By considering a range of equivalence ratios, the soot volume fraction from the experiments was found to reach a maximum near 1.8, whereas a lower level of soot volume fraction was measured for lower and for higher equivalence ratios. The large eddy simulations are found to be in qualitative agreement with experimental data in terms of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and soot location. The soot volume fractions fv are notably overestimated with respect to the LII measurements. However, the numerical results correctly retrieve a reduction of soot production for the highest considered equivalence ratio value and can be used to explain the experimental behavior.