bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delaying circadian sleep phase under ultradian light cycle causes time-of-day-dependent alteration of cognition and mood
Authors: Fuchs Fanny , Robin-Choteau Ludivine , Schneider Aline , Hugueny Laurence , Ciocca Dominique , Serchov Tsvetan , Bourgin Patrice 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLight exerts powerful and pervasive effects on physiology and behaviour. These effects can be indirect, through clock synchronization and phase adjustment of circadian rhythms, or direct, independent of the circadian process. Exposure to light at inappropriate times, as commonly experienced in today’s society, leads to increased prevalence of circadian, sleep and mood disorders as well as cognitive impairments. In mice, exposure to an ultradian 3.5 h light/3.5 h dark cycle (T7) for several days has been shown to impair behaviour through direct, non-circadian, photic effects, a claim we challenge here. We first confirmed that T7 cycle induces a lengthening of the circadian period resulting in a day by day phase-delay of both activity and sleep rhythms. Spatial novelty preference test performed at different circadian time points in mice housed under T7 cycle demonstrated that cognitive deficit was restrained to the subjective night. Mice under the same condition also showed a modification of stress-induced despair-like behaviour in the forced swim test. Therefore, our data demonstrate that ultradian light cycles cause time-of-day-dependent alteration of cognition and mood through clock period lengthening delaying circadian sleep phase, and not through a direct photic influence. These results are of critical importance for the clinical applications of light therapy in the medical field and for today’s society to establish lighting recommendations for shift work, schools, hospitals and homes.
Effects of straw return with potassium fertilizer on the stem lodging resistance, grain quality and yield of spring maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Liu Jian , Fan Ya-fang , Sun Ji-ying , Gao Ju-lin , Wang Zhi-gang , Yu Xiao-fang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis experiment aimed to study the effects of straw return combined with potassium fertilizer on stem lodging resistance, grain quality, and yield of spring maize. The objective was to provide a scientific basis for the rational utilization of Inner Mongolia spring maize straw and potassium fertilizer resources. The test material used was ‘Xianyu 335’, and the study was conducted in three ecological regions from east to west of Inner Mongolia (Tumochuan Plain Irrigation Area, Hetao Plain Irrigation Area, and Lingnan Warm Dry Zone). A split-plot design was employed, with the straw return method as the main plot and potassium fertilizer dosage as the secondary plot. We determined the stem resistance index, grain quality, and yield. The results showed that both straw return and potassium application improved stem lodging resistance, grain quality, and maize yield. Combining straw return with the reasonable application of potassium fertilizer enhanced the effectiveness of potassium fertilizer, increased lodging resistance, maize yield, and improved grain quality and yield stability. Under the straw return treatment, with potassium application compared to no potassium application, significant increases were observed in maize plant height, stem diameter, dry weight of stems, stem compressive strength, stem bending strength, grain protein content, yield, straw potassium accumulation content, and soil available potassium content. These increases were up to 30.79 cm, 2.63 mm, 15.40 g, 74.93 N/mm2, 99.65 N/mm2, 13.68%, 3142.43 kg/hm2, 57.97 kg/hm2, and 19.80 mg/kg, respectively. Therefore, the interaction of straw return and potassium fertilizer was found to be the most effective measure for maintaining high-yield and stress-resistant cultivation, improving grain quality, and optimizing the management of straw and potassium fertilizer resources. This approach is suitable for promotion and application in the spring maize growing areas of Inner Mongolia.
Evolution characteristics of micromechanics provides insights into the microstructure of pharmaceutical tablets fabricated by bimodal mixtures
Authors: Zhao Mengtao , Luo Anqi , Zhou Yu , Liu Zeng , Wang Yuting , Luo Linxiu , Jiang Yanling , Tang Jincao , Lu Zheng , Guan Tianbing , Chen Libo , Sun Huimin , Dai Chuanyun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis research focuses on the evolution of mechanical behavior of bimodal mixtures undergoing compaction and diametrical compression. The clusters were built and discrete element method (DEM) was used to investigate the densification process and micromechanics of bimodal mixtures. Additionally, a more comprehensive investigate of the respective breakage of the bimodal mixtures has been carried out. On this basis, qualitative and quantitative analysis of the compressive force, force chain, contact bonds and density field evolution characteristics of the clusters are investigated during the compression process. The entire loading process of the clusters is divided into three stages: rearrangement, breakage and elastic–plastic deformation. Additionally, there are differences in the evolution of micromechanics behavior of different particles in the bimodal mixture, with pregelatinized starch breakage and deformation occurring before microcrystalline cellulose. With the tablet deformation, the fragmentation process of the tablet started at the point of contact and extended toward the center, and the curvature of the force chain increased. This approach may potentially hold a valuable new information relevant to important transformation forms batch manufacturing to advanced manufacturing for the oral solid dosage form.
Galectin-4 is associated with diabetes and obesity in a heart failure population
Authors: Dieden Anna , Gudmundsson Petri , Korduner Johan , Molvin John , Zaghi Amir , Nezami Zainu , Bachus Erasmus , Holm Hannes , Jujic Amra , Magnusson Martin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn association between high Galectin-4 (Gal-4) and prevalence of diabetes in subjects with heart failure (HF) has previously been reported. The purpose of this study was to confirm these findings, as well as to further investigate this association, in a Swedish HF population. In addition, a second aim was to explore Gal-4’s association with obesity and biomarkers of metabolism and heart failure. Gal-4 was measured using a proximity extension array technique in 324 hospitalized HF patients within the Swedish HeArt and bRain failure investigation trial cohort. Obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 30. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to explore associations between Gal-4 and diabetes/obesity, and linear regression models were used to explore the associations between Gal-4 and biomarkers. A total of 309 participants (29.1% female; mean age 74.8 years) provided complete data for the analysis of associations between Gal-4 and diabetes. Additionally, for the analysis of heart failure phenotype, complete data was available for 230 subjects. Gal-4 was positively associated with prevalent diabetes (OR 2.60; CI 95% 1.56–4.32). In multivariable models, Gal-4 levels were significantly associated with obesity, but only for subjects with diabetes (OR 2.48; 1.09–5.62). Additionally, Gal-4 demonstrated a significant association with the incretin Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), as well as with biomarkers of HF. In the stratified analyses, the association between Gal-4 and diabetes was prominent in patients with reduced ejection fraction (n = 160, OR 3.26; 95%CI 1.88–5.66), while it was not observed in those without (n = 70, 1.96 (0.75–5.10)). In this cross-sectional, observational study, higher Gal-4 levels in HF patients were associated with higher GIP levels. Further, increased levels of Gal-4 were associated with increased likelihood of diabetes, and obesity. This association was particularly pronounced in individuals with HF characterized by reduced ejection fraction. Additionally, Gal-4 levels were significantly elevated in heart failure patients with diabetes and obesity.
Research on evaluation index method of cloud-network convergence capability
Authors: Ma Tengteng , Chen Yuanmou , Wang Haobin , Xiong Xiaoming , Zhao Jing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere is no measurable and evaluable index system for cloud-network convergence that provides guidance and reference for the subsequent construction and development of cloud-network convergence. It is a big project to select and evaluate the indexes of cloud-network convergence, which requires suitable index selection and index evaluation schemes. Based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight method, this paper proposes an improved AHP (i-AHP) index selection scheme and index evaluation scheme leveraging the years of experts’ experience, the geometric mean and the least square method. The improved weighted least square method (WLSM) is finally proved to be more stable for index evaluation scheme by adding abnormal data. In addition, the index weight obtained by the index evaluation scheme with WLSM are provided as a reference for the future development of cloud-network convergence. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme is superior to the existing index evaluation scheme and can avoid the weight deviation caused by the disturbance and fluctuation of abnormal data.
Exploring the relationship between air quality index and lung cancer mortality in India: predictive modeling and impact assessment
Authors: Singh Tamanpreet , Kaur Amandeep , Katyal Sharon Kaur , Walia Simran Kaur , Dhand Geetika , Sheoran Kavita , Mohanty Sachi Nandan , Khan M. Ijaz , Awwad Fuad A. , Ismail Emad A. A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Air Quality Index (AQI) in India is steadily deteriorating, leading to a rise in the mortality rate due to Lung Cancer. This decline in air quality can be attributed to various factors such as PM 2.5, PM 10, and Ozone (O3). To establish a relationship between AQI and Lung Cancer, several predictive models including Linear Regression, KNN, Decision Tree, ANN, Random Forest Regression, and XGBoost Regression were employed to estimate pollutant levels and Air Quality Index in India. The models relied on publicly available state-wise Air Pollution Dataset. Among all the models, the XGBoost Regression displayed the highest accuracy, with pollutant level estimations reaching an accuracy range of 81% to 98% during training and testing. The second-highest accuracy range was achieved by Random Forest. The paper also explores the impact of increasing pollution levels on the rising mortality rate among lung cancer patients in India.
Genetic determinants of severe COVID-19 in young Asian and Middle Eastern patients: a case series
Authors: Badla Beshr Abdulaziz , Hanifa Mohamed Samer , Jain Ruchi , Naofal Maha El , Halabi Nour , Yaslam Sawsan , Ramaswamy Sathishkumar , Taylor Alan , Alfalasi Roudha , Shenbagam Shruti , Khansaheb Hamda , Al Suwaidi Hanan , Nowotny Norbert , Popatia Rizwana , Al Khayat Abdulla , Alsheikh-Ali Alawi , Loney Tom , AlDabal Laila Mohamed , Abou Tayoun Ahmad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractStudies of genetic factors associated with severe COVID-19 in young adults have been limited in non-Caucasian populations. Here, we clinically characterize a case series of patients with COVID-19, who were otherwise healthy, young adults (N = 55; mean age 34.1 ± SD 5.0 years) from 16 Asian, Middle Eastern, and North African countries. Using whole exome sequencing, we identify rare, likely deleterious variants affecting 16 immune-related genes in 17 out of 55 patients (31%), including 7 patients (41% of all carriers or 12.7% of all patients) who harbored multiple such variants mainly in interferon and toll-like receptor genes. Protein network analysis as well as transcriptomic analysis of nasopharyngeal swabs from an independent COVID-19 cohort (N = 50; 42% Asians and 22% Arabs) revealed that most of the altered genes, as identified by whole exome sequencing, and the associated molecular pathways were significantly altered in COVID-19 patients. Genetic variants tended to be associated with mortality, intensive care admission, and ventilation support. Our clinical cases series, genomic and transcriptomic findings suggest a possible role for interferon pathway genes in severe COVID-19 and highlight the importance of extending genetic studies to diverse populations to better understand the human genetics of disease.
Genome mining for macrolactam-encoding gene clusters allowed for the network-guided isolation of β-amino acid-containing cyclic derivatives and heterologous production of ciromicin A
Authors: Seibel Elena , Um Soohyun , Dayras Marie , Bodawatta Kasun H. , de Kruijff Martinus , Jønsson Knud A. , Poulsen Michael , Kim Ki Hyun , Beemelmanns Christine 
Published: November 2023

Abstractβ-Amino acid-containing macrolactams represent a structurally diverse group of bioactive natural products derived from polyketides; however we are currently lacking a comprehensive overview about their abundance across bacterial families and the underlying biosynthetic diversity. In this study, we employed a targeted β-amino acid-specific homology-based multi-query search to identify potential bacterial macrolactam producers. Here we demonstrate that approximately 10% of each of the identified actinobacterial genera harbor a biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) encoding macrolactam production. Based on our comparative study, we propose that mutations occurring in specific regions of polyketide synthases (PKS) are the primary drivers behind the variation in macrolactam ring sizes. We successfully validated two producers of ciromicin A from the genus Amycolatopsis, revised the composition of the biosynthetic gene cluster region mte of macrotermycins, and confirmed the ciromicin biosynthetic pathway through heterologous expression. Additionally, network-based metabolomic analysis uncovered three previously unreported macrotermycin congeners from Amycolatopsis sp. M39. The combination of targeted mining and network-based analysis serves as a powerful tool for identifying macrolactam producers and our studies will catalyze the future discovery of yet unreported macrolactams.
Isotopic and magnetic proxies are good indicators of millennial-scale variability of the East Asian monsoon
Authors: Fuchs Louise , Guo Jingjing , Schefuß Enno , Sun Youbin , Guo Fei , Ziegler Martin , Peterse Francien 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPast East Asian Monsoon variability has been reconstructed using oxygen isotopes of cave speleothems as well as proxy indicators from Chinese loess sequences. However, where the speleothem record is dominated by precession cycles, loess magnetic susceptibility primarily shows a glacial-interglacial pattern. Here we generate a ~ 130,000 years high resolution record of plant wax hydrogen isotopes from a loess section on the western Chinese Loess Plateau that can directly be compared with both speleothem oxygen isotopes and with magnetic susceptibility from the same section. We find that variations in our plant wax hydrogen isotope record follow the precessional pattern of the speleothem record as opposed to the glacial-interglacial changes in magnetic susceptibility. We propose that hydrogen isotopes mainly record precipitation during the growing season, whereas magnetic susceptibility represents an annual climate signal, including precipitation and temperature. Our findings imply that summer vs annual climate variability is driven by distinct orbital forcings.
Exploring the competitive dynamic enzyme allocation scheme through enzyme cost minimization
Authors: Qi Shanshan , Wang Gangsheng , Li Wanyu , Zhou Shuhao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Enzyme allocation (or synthesis) is a crucial microbial trait that mediates soil biogeochemical cycles and their responses to climate change. However, few microbial ecological models address this trait, particularly concerning multiple enzyme functional groups that regulate complex biogeochemical processes. Here, we aim to fill this gap by developing a COmpetitive Dynamic Enzyme ALlocation (CODEAL) scheme for six enzyme groups that act as indicators of inorganic nitrogen (N) transformations in the Microbial-ENzyme Decomposition (MEND) model. This allocation scheme employs time-variant allocation coefficients for each enzyme group, fostering mutual competition among the multiple groups. We show that the principle of enzyme cost minimization is achieved by using the substrate’s saturation level as the factor for enzyme allocation, resulting in an enzyme-efficient pathway with minimal enzyme cost per unit metabolic flux. It suggests that the relative substrate availability affects the trade-off between enzyme production and metabolic flux. Our research has the potential to give insights into the nuanced dynamics of the N cycle and inspire the evolving landscape of enzyme-mediated biogeochemical processes in microbial ecological modeling, which is gaining increasing attention.
Oceanic currents maintain the genetic structure of non-marine coastal taxa in the western Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Villastrigo Adrián , Orenes-Salazar Víctor , García-Meseguer Antonio José , Mirón-Gatón Juana María , Mourre Baptiste , Millán Andrés , Velasco Josefa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCoastal habitats are amongst the most dynamic on Earth, due to their simultaneous exposure to terrestrial, oceanic and atmospheric processes. Coastal taxa are therefore often ecologically specialised and adapted to withstand frequent shifts in sea level, wave exposure, temperature or salinity. This specialisation often resulting in significant cryptic diversity. Previous molecular studies have suggested that genetic differentiation in non-marine coastal organisms may be influenced by oceanic currents and fronts, but the extent to which such processes affect dispersal and evolution of such taxa remains unclear. Here we explore whether population genetic structure in two supralittoral rockpool beetle species (genus Ochthebius) can be predicted from the general circulation pattern of the marine currents and associated oceanic fronts. We simulated dispersal using a Lagrangian particle tracking model and compared this with population genetic structure inferred from COI (mitochondrial) and wingless (nuclear) genes applying linear models and Mantel tests. We show that a biophysical model based on oceanic currents and fronts in the western Mediterranean Sea is a much better predictor of observed population genetic structure than isolation by distance in both species. Our results show that oceanic processes, besides shaping contemporary population connectivity in fully marine organisms, also exert a meaningful influence on terrestrially-derived coastal taxa such as supralittoral rockpool beetles — the first time this mode of dispersal has been demonstrated in an insect.
Naked Clams to open a new sector in sustainable nutritious food production
Authors: Willer David F. , Aldridge David C. , Mehrshahi Payam , Papadopoulos Konstantinos P. , Archer Lorraine , Smith Alison G. , Lancaster Max , Strachan Alex , Shipway J. Reuben 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe global population urgently requires alternative food sources that provide the micronutrient-rich profile of meat and fish but with lower environmental cost. We present a solution in the form of ‘Naked Clams’ (teredinids/shipworms) - a seldom researched group of bivalves, that feature tiny shells and live in and feed on wood, turning it into protein and essential nutrients. We report the first pilot system for Naked Clam aquaculture, the first nutritional profile and feeding efficacy assessment, and demonstrate value offered by microencapsulated feeds in fortifying Naked Clams. Naked Clams were rich in nutrients including vitamin B12 and monounsaturated fatty acids, and shared the high protein content of conventional bivalves such as blue mussels (Mytilus edulis). Microencapsulated algal feeds enriched the Naked Clams with essential PUFAs including EPA and DHA, with potential for further tailoring. Additional work is required, but this study represents a gateway to a new form of sustainable food production.
A Qualitative Study of Veterans' Perspectives on Tinnitus: An Invisible Wound
Authors: Clark Khaya D. , Coco Laura , Zaugg Tara , DeFrancesco Susan , Kaelin Christine , Henry James A. , Carlson Kathleen F. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
Tinnitus is highly prevalent among U.S. military Veterans, yet referral to, and use of, tinnitus rehabilitation services to improve quality of life and functional status with tinnitus is low. Veterans with tinnitus often have other health issues that overlap or exacerbate the impact of tinnitus, potentially complicating referral and rehabilitative pathways. This qualitative study explores views on the daily impacts of tinnitus and experiences with tinnitus-related health care among Veterans. The goal of this research is to amplify the voices of Veterans regarding their experiences with tinnitus to illuminate the physiological and socioemotional sequelae associated with the condition and to increase clinician awareness of the complex, interdisciplinary rehabilitative needs among Veterans with bothersome tinnitus.

Method:
This qualitative study was part of a larger study about tinnitus and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Veterans were sampled to represent national Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) users with and without comorbid TBI, and who were or were not interested in tinnitus rehabilitation services. Forty Veterans with tinnitus were interviewed (32 men, eight women). Data were analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach.

Results:
Major themes across the Veteran interviews included (a) functional effects of tinnitus on daily life, (b) tinnitus and other health conditions, (c) reactions to the lack of a cure for tinnitus, (d) strategies to improve quality of life and function, and (e) use of VA services for tinnitus.

Conclusions:
Our findings highlight that bothersome tinnitus negatively impacted various aspects of daily functioning, including communication, sleep, concentration, and mood, suggesting a need for audiologists to work closely with mental health services to improve quality of life and functional status for those negatively impacted by the condition. Future work is needed to obtain the viewpoints of clinicians and other health care partners to better understand the barriers and facilitators to providing evidence-based tinnitus treatment in VA and non-VA settings.
A new meteor shower from comet 46P/Wirtanen expected in December 2023
Authors: Vaubaillon J. , Ye Q.-Z. , Egal A. , Sato M. , Moser D. E. 
Published: November 2023

Context. Comet 46P/Wirtanen is a near-Earth object (NEO) for which no associated meteor shower has ever been reported.
Aims. This study is aimed at improving our understanding of why there has been no observed shower activity for this NEO to date, as well as to consider whether any past activity could be uncovered from the post-prediction results.
Methods. The usual dynamic tools for meteoroid streams were used to describe the behavior of the particles ejected by the comet. The resulting modeled meteoroid stream was thoroughly inspected for collisions between the stream and the Earth.
Results. The results show a possible encounter forecast for December 12, 2023, between 8:00 and 12:30 UT. The slow entry velocity is typically known to cause dim meteors. The activity level of the shower is highly uncertain due to the absence of reported past showers.
Conclusions. Overall, the most optimal observations on the forecasted day would be achieved from Eastern Australia, New Zealand, and Oceania. These observations will help constrain the size distribution of meteoroids from comet 46P/Wirtanen in the millimeter range.