bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La fractura del escafoides carpiano en edad avanzada: Análisis en un área de alta incidencia
Authors: Garcia-Reza Alejandro , Dominguez-Prado Diego Matias , Iglesias-Nuñez Constantino , Oiartzabal-Alberdi Ines , Penin-Gomez Cristina , Souto-Miguez Pablo , Ferradas-Garcia Lucia , Castro-Menendez Manuel 
Published: December 2023

Resumen
Introducción y objetivos La fractura de escafoides es la más común dentro de las fracturas del carpo. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es realizar un estudio analizando los resultados de las fracturas de escafoides en gente de edad avanzada.
Material y método Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo recogiendo todas las fracturas de escafoides en pacientes de más de 65 años diagnosticadas del 2016 al 2020. Se recogieron las variables de edad, género, lateralidad, tipo de traumatismo, lugar del traumatismo, estabilidad de la fractura, clasificación según Herbert, trazo de fractura, presencia de lesiones asociadas, afectación de la mano dominante, tipo de tratamiento realizado y ausencia o no de consolidación.
Resultados Se registraron 24 pacientes con fractura de escafoides de más de 65 años. El 75% eran mujeres. La tasa de incidencia fue de 5,49 fracturas por cada 100.000 habitantes. Se halló una incidencia de pseudoartrosis del 8,3%. Se manejaron quirúrgicamente el 8,3% y fueron clasificadas como A2 el 37,5% de las fracturas.
Conclusión La tasa de incidencia de la fractura de escafoides en pacientes de más de 65 años hallada en nuestra área sanitaria es superior a la referida en los escasos estudios previos. Se observó prevalencia del género femenino y no se hallaron diferencias significativas para la consolidación de la fractura al comparar manejo conservador y quirúrgico.
Das Urbild der Menschheit de Krause en español
Authors: Schäpers Andrea 
Published: December 2023

Resumen
«El comienzo de la nueva cultura española es el krausismo y el comienzo del krausismo español fue una traducción».
Así hablaba Miguel Ángel Vega en 2001 al identificar la obra cumbre del krausismo en España: un texto titulado El Ideal de
la Humanidad para la vida, traducido y adaptado del alemán al castellano en 1860 por Julián Sanz del Río, y que sentó
las bases de una ideología moderna y reformadora. Sin embargo, el libro original del filósofo Karl Christian Friedrich Krause,
Das Urbild der Menschheit, que se había considerado la fuente original de Sanz del Río, nunca ha sido
traducido al español. Sanz del Río utilizó otro texto de la misma época de Krause, sin mencionar su fuente original, como pudo
demostrar en 1988 Enrique Ureña, prestigioso investigador en Liberalismo, Krausismo y Masonería. Considerando la importancia del
texto para el conjunto de la obra de Krause, y posiblemente más aún para el krausismo español, un grupo de investigadores de la
Universidad Pontificia Comillas se ha propuesto ofrecer la traducción de este texto original que pudo leer en alemán la primera
generación de krausistas españoles. En este trabajo, la traductora reflexiona sobre la tarea de traducir esta importante obra
krausista y aporta ejemplos para ilustrar su complejidad.
Reconstruction method of computational ghost imaging under atmospheric turbulence based on deep learning
Authors: Xia Jingyao , Zhang Leihong , Zhai Yunjie , Zhang Yiqiang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Ghost imaging, as an emerging imaging method, has great advantages in harsh environment with its off-object imaging characteristics. In this paper, we use a turbulence model based compressive sensing computational ghost imaging system to simulate atmospheric turbulence, analyze the effects of various factors on the imaging results, and recover the images under extreme turbulence conditions using conditional generation adversarial network, which can finally recover the images well. The simulation results show that the image reconstruction method proposed in this paper can recover the image well under the condition of very low sampling rate (1.56%).
Maps of active layer thickness in northern Alaska by upscaling P-band polarimetric synthetic aperture radar retrievals
Authors: Whitcomb Jane , Chen Richard , Clewley Daniel , Kimball John S , Pastick Neal J , Yi Yonghong , Moghaddam Mahta 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Extensive, detailed information on the spatial distribution of active layer thickness (ALT) in northern Alaska and how it evolves over time could greatly aid efforts to assess the effects of climate change on the region and also help to quantify greenhouse gas emissions generated due to permafrost thaw. For this reason, we have been developing high-resolution maps of ALT throughout northern Alaska. The maps are produced by upscaling from high-resolution swaths of estimated ALT retrieved from airborne P-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images collected for three different years. The upscaling was accomplished by using hundreds of thousands of randomly selected samples from the SAR-derived swaths of ALT to train a machine learning regression algorithm supported by numerous spatial data layers. In order to validate the maps, thousands of randomly selected samples of SAR-derived ALT were excluded from the training in order to serve as validation pixels; error performance calculations relative to these samples yielded root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) of 7.5–9.1 cm, with bias errors of magnitude under 0.1 cm. The maps were also compared to ALT measurements collected at a number of in situ test sites; error performance relative to the site measurements yielded RMSEs of approximately 11–12 cm and bias of 2.7–6.5 cm. These data are being used to investigate regional patterns and underlying physical controls affecting permafrost degradation in the tundra biome.
Unconfined mechanical properties and micromechanism of short-age recycled aggregate from road solid waste modified by waterborne polyurethane
Authors: Zhao Wenqin , Wang Yuxiang , Tian Qing , Yan Ping , Wu Yanting 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In recent years, road waste treatment has become a hot topic, and how to solve and utilize these solid wastes is becoming an interesting research field. In order to explore the mechanical modification effect of waterborne polyurethane (PU) on short age road solid waste recycled aggregate, unconfined compression test and scanning electron microscope test were carried out on samples with different dry density and PU content. The dry density was 1.6 g cm−3, 1.7 g cm−3 and 1.8 g cm−3, and the PU content was 0%, 3%, 4%, 5% and 6%, respectively. The tested results show that, the strength of recycled aggregate (RA) increases with the increase of dry density. PU improves the strength and ductility of recycled aggregate (RA), and the residual strength and peak strength of RA increase with the increase of PU content. The peak strength and residual strength of waterborne polyurethane improved recycled aggregate (WPRA) increase with the increase of dry density, too. Polyurethane forms a three-dimensional network structure by film shape and linear shape, and its network structure can provide cohesion and effectively inhibit the crack propagation of the sample. The results demonstrate that adding appropriate amount of PU can effectively improve the mechanical properties of RA, which provides a technical reference for the recycling of RA.
Frictional performance of surface-textured phenolic resin-impregnated graphite materials under water lubrication
Authors: Xu Kaisong , Yuan Zhenyu , Luo Yan , Xie Yongkai , Xu Qingyao , Gao Xing , Xu Jimin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The frictional performance between impregnated graphite materials and YG-8 cemented carbide is investigated on a self-developed rotating-type tribometer. The test configuration is a cemented carbide plate rotating against the graphite surface. Three types of concave-type textures, including linear grooves, circular dimples and isosceles triangular dimples, are fabricated by laser process on the graphite surfaces to improve the tribological properties. The test environments include dry condition and water lubrication. The corresponding friction coefficients, surface micrographs of graphite samples and cemented carbide plates are analyzed. To reveal the underlying mechanism of the frictional modification effect under water lubrication, the formation of graphite transfer film on cemented carbide plates, the water contact angles of graphite surface and the hydrodynamic effect are further discussed. It is verified that the introduction of textures on graphite surfaces can significantly improve the tribological performance of water-lubricated graphite materials.
Electron density measurement by the three boundary channels of HCOOH laser interferometer on the HL-3 tokamak
Authors: MOU 牟 Junren 俊任 , LI 李 Yonggao 永高 , LI 李 Yuan 远 , WANG 王 Zaihong 再宏 , DING 丁 Baogang 宝钢 , WANG 王 Haoxi 浩西 , YI 易 Jiang 江 , SHI 石 Zhongbing 中兵 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Far-infrared (FIR) interferometer is widely used to measure the electron density in the magnetically confined fusion plasma devices. A new FIR laser interferometer with a total of 13 channels (8 horizontal channels and 5 oblique channels) is under development on the HL-3 tokamak by using the formic-acid laser (HCOOH, f = 694 GHz). In order to investigate the boundary electron density activity during the divertor discharge, three horizontal interferometry channels located at Z = −97, −76, 76.5 cm have been successfully developed on HL-3 in 2023, and put into operation in recent experimental campaign, with a time resolution of < 1.0 μs and line-integrated electron density resolution of ~ 7.0 × 1016 m−2. This paper mainly focuses on the optical design of the three-channel interferometry system, as well as optical elements and recent experimental result on HL-3.
Seeing Black America in Iran
Authors: Baghoolizadeh Beeta 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
From the 1960s onwards, many Iranians closely followed Black American protests during the Civil Rights and Black Power movements in the United States. This period proved pivotal for Iranian understandings of race, where intellectuals, revolutionaries, and those in media would use US-centric histories of enslavement, racism, and Black Americans to erase nineteenth-century histories of enslavement and racism in Iran, tacitly displacing the existence of Black Iranians across the national landscape. Black American Muslims, particularly Malcolm X, emerged as the ideal form of Blackness. After the 1979 revolution, non-Black Iranians and the Iranian government would continue this focus on US-based racism through an official narrative that repeatedly defined racism as a US-only problem, ultimately cementing the erasures around histories of enslavement and Black Iranians that began with abolition in 1929. Through an analysis of speeches, memoirs, poetry, newspaper articles, photography, and other illustrated media, this article weaves together vignettes to demonstrate how the pervasiveness of racial hierarchies fashioned around US histories came to shift an Iranian vocabulary and conceptualization of race. This article traces the changes in racial discourse during the 1960s and 1970s, the 1979 revolution, and the Iran-Iraq War from an Iranian perspective.
Judicial Capture
Authors: Mehmood Sultan , Ali Bakhtawar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We use data from Pakistan to establish a reciprocal exchange relationship between the judiciary and the government. We document large transfers in the form of expensive real estate from the government to the judiciary, and reciprocation in the form of pro-government rulings from the judiciary to the government. Our estimates indicate that the allocation of houses to judges increases pro-government rulings and reduces decisions on case merits. The allocation also incurs a cumulative cost of 0.03% of GDP to the government. However, it allows the government to expropriate additional land worth 0.2% of GDP in one year.
Impartiality and the Construction of Trust in Investor-State Dispute Settlement
Authors: Brekoulakis Stavros , Howard Anna 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article analyses impartiality in investor-State dispute settlement (ISDS) by identifying the way that the parties’ trust in arbitrators is constructed. Drawing on the findings of a large-scale empirical project, it questions the applicability of an orthodox judicial doctrine of impartiality to ISDS on the grounds that trust in arbitrators is constructed on a fundamentally different basis from that of trust in judges. The primary feature of a judicial doctrine of impartiality is that trust is founded on an absolutist approach to impartiality which is intended to ensure that judges have no predispositions to parties. In contrast, trust in ISDS is founded on the method of party appointment which is based on a very different assumption—that arbitrators’ predispositions can be valuable and appropriate in the decision-making process. The empirical findings show that the parties’ choice of a predisposed arbitrator is generally considered compatible with the understanding of impartiality in ISDS. Accordingly, this article calls for a new, and contextualised, approach which better corresponds to the fundamental value of trust in ISDS.
In situ microscopy techniques for understanding Li plating and stripping in solid-state batteries
Authors: Motoyama Munekazu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Solid-state batteries have potential to realize a rechargeable Li-metal anode. However, several challenges persist in the charging and discharging processes of the Li-metal anode, which require a fundamental understanding of Li plating and stripping across the interface of solid-state electrolytes (SEs) to address. This review overviews studies on Li-metal anodes in solid-state batteries using in situ observation techniques with an emphasis on Li electrodeposition and dissolution using scanning electron microscopy and SEs such as lithium phosphorus oxynitride and garnet-type compounds such as Li7La3Zr2O12. The previous research is categorized into three topics: (i) Li nucleation, growth and dissolution at the anode-free interface, (ii) electrochemical reduction of SE and (iii) short-circuit phenomena in SE. The current trends of each topic are summarized.
Detection of oxaliplatin- and cisplatin-DNA lesions requires different global genome repair mechanisms that affect their clinical efficacy
Authors: Slyskova Jana , Muniesa-Vargas Alba , da Silva Israel Tojal , Drummond Rodrigo , Park Jiyeong , Häckes David , Poetsch Isabella , Ribeiro-Silva Cristina , Moretton Amandine , Heffeter Petra , Schärer Orlando D , Vermeulen Wim , Lans Hannes , Loizou Joanna I 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin and oxaliplatin depends on the balance between the DNA damage induction and the DNA damage response of tumor cells. Based on clinical evidence, oxaliplatin is administered to cisplatin-unresponsive cancers, but the underlying molecular causes for this tumor specificity are not clear. Hence, stratification of patients based on DNA repair profiling is not sufficiently utilized for treatment selection. Using a combination of genetic, transcriptomics and imaging approaches, we identified factors that promote global genome nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER) of DNA-platinum adducts induced by oxaliplatin, but not by cisplatin. We show that oxaliplatin-DNA lesions are a poor substrate for GG-NER initiating factor XPC and that DDB2 and HMGA2 are required for efficient binding of XPC to oxaliplatin lesions and subsequent GG-NER initiation. Loss of DDB2 and HMGA2 therefore leads to hypersensitivity to oxaliplatin but not to cisplatin. As a result, low DDB2 levels in different colon cancer cells are associated with GG-NER deficiency and oxaliplatin hypersensitivity. Finally, we show that colon cancer patients with low DDB2 levels have a better prognosis after oxaliplatin treatment than patients with high DDB2 expression. We therefore propose that DDB2 is a promising predictive marker of oxaliplatin treatment efficiency in colon cancer.
Trends in Incidence of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in 7 US Sites, 2016─2020
Authors: Duffy Nadezhda , Li Rongxia , Czaja Christopher A , Johnston Helen , Janelle Sarah J , Jacob Jesse T , Smith Gillian , Wilson Lucy E , Vaeth Elisabeth , Lynfield Ruth , O’Malley Sean , Vagnone Paula Snippes , Dumyati Ghinwa , Tsay Rebecca , Bulens Sandra N , Grass Julian E , Pierce Rebecca , Cassidy P Maureen , Hertzel Heather , Wilson Christopher , Muleta Daniel , Taylor Jacquelyn , Guh Alice Y 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
We described changes in 2016─2020 carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) incidence rates in 7 US sites that conduct population-based CRE surveillance.

Methods
An incident CRE case was defined as the first isolation of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., or Enterobacter spp. resistant to ≥1 carbapenem from a sterile site or urine in a surveillance area resident in a 30-day period. We reviewed medical records and classified cases as hospital-onset (HO), healthcare-associated community-onset (HACO), or community-associated (CA) CRE based on healthcare exposures and location of disease onset. We calculated incidence rates using census data. We used Poisson mixed effects regression models to perform 2016─2020 trend analyses, adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, and age. We compared adjusted incidence rates between 2016 and subsequent years using incidence rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
Of 4996 CRE cases, 62% were HACO, 21% CA, and 14% HO. The crude CRE incidence rate per 100 000 was 7.51 in 2016 and 6.08 in 2020 and was highest for HACO, followed by CA and HO. From 2016 to 2020, the adjusted overall CRE incidence rate decreased by 24% (RR, 0.76 [95% CI, .70–.83]). Significant decreases in incidence rates in 2020 were seen for HACO (RR, 0.75 [95% CI, .67–.84]) and CA (0.75 [.61–.92]) but not for HO CRE.

Conclusions
Adjusted CRE incidence rates declined from 2016 to 2020, but changes over time varied by epidemiologic class. Continued surveillance and effective control strategies are needed to prevent CRE in all settings.
Microfinance and savings
Authors: Rutherford Stuart 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The paper discusses the degree to which their longstanding informal savings practices influenced the way in which the unbanked poor responded to modern microfinance. The practices are described using evidence from the author’s many decades of talking to poor people about how they manage their money. The histories of four very different kinds of microfinance projects are reviewed to examine the extent to which they respect informal practices, and what the outcome was in terms of their success in offering good savings services to low-income households on a large scale. We see how a formal bank first showed how to offer a service comparable to popular ‘money guards’; how an NGO-led movement has demonstrated the effectiveness of introducing robust informal group-based savings-and-loan devices to populations that had not previously been using them; and how Bangladesh’s famous microcredit revolution eventually spawned a second microsavings revolution.
Management and treatment of children, young people and adults with systemic lupus erythematosus: British Society for Rheumatology guideline scope
Authors: Md Yusof Md Yuzaiful , Smith Eve M D , Ainsworth Sammy , Armon Kate , Beresford Michael W , Brown Morgan , Cherry Lindsey , Edwards Christopher J , Flora Kalveer , Gilman Rebecca , Griffiths Bridget , Gordon Caroline , Howard Paul , Isenberg David , Jordan Natasha , Kaul Arvind , Lanyon Peter , Laws Philip M , Lightsone Liz , Lythgoe Hanna , Mallen Christian D , Marks Stephen D , Maxwell Naomi , Moraitis Elena , Nash Clare , Pepper Ruth J , Pilkington Clarissa , Psarras Antonios , Rostron Heather , Skeates Jade , Skeoch Sarah , Tremarias Dalila , Wincup Chris , Zoma Asad , Vital Edward M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The objective of this guideline is to provide up-to-date, evidence-based recommendations for the management of SLE that builds upon the existing treatment guideline for adults living with SLE published in 2017. This will incorporate advances in the assessment, diagnosis, monitoring, non-pharmacological and pharmacological management of SLE. General approaches to management as well as organ-specific treatment, including lupus nephritis and cutaneous lupus, will be covered. This will be the first guideline in SLE using a whole life course approach from childhood through adolescence and adulthood. The guideline will be developed with people with SLE as an important target audience in addition to healthcare professionals. It will include guidance related to emerging approved therapies and account for National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Technology Appraisals, National Health Service England clinical commissioning policies and national guidance relevant to SLE. The guideline will be developed using the methods and rigorous processes outlined in ‘Creating Clinical Guidelines: Our Protocol’ by the British Society for Rheumatology.
Interaction of Whitefly Effector G4 with Tomato Proteins Impacts Whitefly Performance
Authors: Naalden Diana , Dermauw Wannes , Ilias Aris , Baggerman Geert , Mastop Marieke , Silven Juliette J. M. , van Kleeff Paula J. M. , Dangol Sarmina , Gaertner Nicolas Frédéric , Roseboom Winfried , Kwaaitaal Mark , Kramer Gertjan , van den Burg Harrold A. , Vontas John , Van Leeuwen Thomas , Kant Merijn R. , Schuurink Robert C. 
Published: December 2023

The phloem-feeding insect Bemisia tabaci is an important pest, responsible for the transmission of several crop-threatening virus species. While feeding, the insect secretes a cocktail of effectors to modulate plant defense responses. Here, we present a set of proteins identified in an artificial diet on which B. tabaci was salivating. We subsequently studied whether these candidate effectors can play a role in plant immune suppression. Effector G4 was the most robust suppressor of an induced- reactive oxygen species (ROS) response in Nicotiana benthamiana. In addition, G4 was able to suppress ROS production in Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) and Capsicum annuum (pepper). G4 localized predominantly in the endoplasmic reticulum in N. benthamiana leaves and colocalized with two identified target proteins in tomato: REF-like stress related protein 1 (RSP1) and meloidogyne-induced giant cell protein DB141 (MIPDB141). Silencing of MIPDB141 in tomato reduced whitefly fecundity up to 40%, demonstrating that the protein is involved in susceptibility to B. tabaci. Together, our data demonstrate that effector G4 impairs tomato immunity to whiteflies by interfering with ROS production and via an interaction with tomato susceptibility protein MIPDB141. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .