bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La force Barkhane : nouvelle approche stratégique de sécurité et de défense de la France en Afrique
Authors: Houenou Seminakpon Arnaud 
Published: January 2024

Soumission à Epi-revel
In recent years, the threatening state of endemic instability in the Sahel-Sahara belt has posed a real security problem for the countries in the region. Due to structural vulnerabilities and a lack of common policies, the state actors in the region have been hard pressed to produce sufficient defense and security to combat the geopolitical uncertainties that are destabilizing the Sahel. These deteriorated security conditions pushed France to reorganize its regional strategy and military presence under the new counterterrorism operation “Barkhane” in order to develop an updated conceptual and organizational framework for security in the Sahel
La bande sahélo-saharienne (BSS) a développé ces dernières années une situation de menace et d’instabilité endémique qui pose de véritables problèmes de sécurité pour les Etats de la région. Bien en peine de produire un niveau de défense et de sécurité à la mesure des incertitudes géopolitiques qui déstabilisent le Sahel africain, les acteurs étatiques de la région, en raison des vulnérabilités structurelles et l’absence de politique commune de sécurité et de défense qui le caractérise, n’arrivent plus à assurer leur sécurité. Dans ce contexte sécuritaire dégradé, la nécessité de mettre en place un cadre rénové aussi bien du point de vue conceptuel qu’organisationnel a conduit la France à procéder à une réorganisation stratégique de sa présence militaire dans la bande sahélo-saharienne qui a abouti à la mise sur pied de l’opération antiterroriste « Barkhane » pour la sécurisation du Sahel
International audience
État islamique en Irak et en Syrie. La résurgence des exclus ?
Authors: Chabbi Mourad 
Published: January 2024

Soumission à Epi-revel
Cet article ambitionne une explication empirique, depuis 2003 et l'invasion américano-britannique en Irak, dans le but de comprendre les principales raisons de l'évolution de l'État Islamique en Irak et en Syrie
International audience
This article aims an empirical explanation, since the US-British invasion of Iraq in 2003, in order to understand the main reasons about the evolution of Islamic State in Iraq and Syria
Pengembangan Teknik Perbanyakan Vegetatif Tanaman Jati Pada Hutan Rakyat
Authors: Adinugraha Hamdan Adma , Mahfudz Mahfudz 
Published: January 2024

Jati (Tectona grandis) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman penghasil kayu pertukangan yang penting dan populer diIndonesia. Kebutuhan kayu jati terus meningkat namun belum dapat dipenuhi dari produksi kayu dari hutan tanamanindustri. Alternatif pemenuhan kebutuhan kayu tersebut diperoleh dari hutan rakyat. Dalam rangka peningkatanproduktivitas hasil hutan rakyat maka IPTEK penyediaan bibit unggul sangat diperlukan. Penyediaan bibit unggulyang diperoleh dari benih unggul memerlukan waktu untuk melakukan seleksi pada plot uji keturunan, sehinggapengembangan teknik perbanyakan vegetatif yang tepat adalah solusi yang bisa diterapkan. Strategi yang diperlukandalam penerapan teknik perbanyakan vegetatif diawali dengan pemilihan pohon induk yang baik (pohon superior),pengambilan materi genetik (bahan vegetatif tanaman), pembuatan okulasi, pembangunan kebun pangkas, danproduksi bibit secara masal dengan menerapkan teknik stek pucuk atau kultur jaringan. Melalui uji klon diharapkandapat diperoleh klon-klon unggulan yang adaptif pada lokasi pengembangan serta memiliki produktivitas yang lebihbaik.
MENUMBUHKAN SEMANGAT MODERASI BERAGAMA DITENGAH ANCAMAN RADIKALISME
Authors: Hasibuan Rodiatam Mardiah 
Published: January 2024

Religion is inseparable from culture and customs with diversity, it is necessary to have Educational Function, Rescue Function, Supervisory Function, Function of fostering brotherhood, Transformative Function. Religious moderation in Indonesia is a middle ground to face the threat of radicalism because religious moderation in Indonesia stems from three parts, namely culture, faith, and religion. Culture, faith, and religion are integrated in Indonesian society, so that each other has a connection. This situation we encounter at formal and non-formal events. The research method used is library study. This study discusses the understanding of Religious Moderation and Radicalism. Radicalism in the name of religion can be eradicated through cultural awareness, understanding and practice of Pancasila and the NKRI Community. a moderate and inclusive Islam. Religious moderation can be shown through tawazun (balanced), i'tidal (straight and firm), tasamuh (tolerance), musawah (egalitarian), shura (deliberation), ishlah (reform), aulawiyah (prioritizing the priority), tathawwur wa ibtikar.
KEPRIBADIAN PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Riza Samsul , Hemawati  
Published: January 2024

Personality is a term that is no stranger to being heard especially in the discipline of the world of education. Because in its own purpose education is seen as an effort in forming a better personality. The familiarity of the term "personality" is often seen as commonplace to be used in a variety of simple expressions in everyday life. Tujannya this research to find out the personality of the perspective of islamic philosophy of education and how it is formation in Islam as well as the concept of human and personal traits of Muslims. The research methods used in this research are qualitative methods, with descriptive analysis. Describes the personality perspective of the Islamic Philosophy of Education and how it was formation in Islam as well as the concept of human and personal qualities of Muslims. The results showed that the substance of personality consists of several criteria, namely the personality of an organic structure, personality is a trait or behavior displayed by humans, that there is a relationship between the two, actions and impulses from within, and behavior displayed in everyday life. Personality is the result of a process of life that a person lives. Because the process experienced by each person is different, the personality of each individual is different. There is no common personality between two individuals, even if a twin brother is from one egg. As for the personality of Muslims is not to look insulted to others, must not be bad and must not also lurk around the mistakes of others, love of unity, trust, not hasad (envy), not arrogant and arrogant, do not seek the disgrace of others, be fair and hate persecution, hate bribery, hate false testimony, strengthen the ropes of friendship, love of science, Good with neighbors, like to help and attach importance to others.
PEMBAYARAN PREMI ASURANSI SYARIAH SEBAGAI TRANSFORMASI DAN BERKEMBANGNYA EKONOMI ISLAM DALAM KOMUNITAS PERSAINGAN EKONOMI GLOBAL
Authors: Allisiya  
Published: January 2024

Payment of sharia insurance premiums is one of the important instruments in the transformation and development of Islamic economics in the global economic competition community. This is because the payment of sharia insurance premiums can be a source of funds for sharia insurance companies to provide protection and benefits to their participants. In addition, the payment of sharia insurance premiums can also increase the liquidity of the sharia financial market and boost Islamic economic growth. Islamic economics is an economic system based on the principles of Islamic sharia. Islamic economics aims to achieve social welfare in a just and equitable manner. One of the important instruments in Islamic economics is sharia insurance. Sharia insurance is a sharia financial institution that provides protection and benefits to its participants based on the principles of Islamic sharia. The payment of sharia insurance premiums is one of the important activities in sharia insurance. The payment of sharia insurance premiums is a source of funds for sharia insurance companies to provide protection and benefits to their participants. The payment of sharia insurance premiums can also increase the liquidity of the sharia financial market and boost Islamic economic growth. The payment of sharia insurance premiums is one of the important instruments in the transformation and development of Islamic economics. The payment of sharia insurance premiums can increase public awareness of the importance of sharia insurance, improve sharia financial literacy, increase the contribution of Islamic economics to the national economy, and improve the competitiveness of Islamic economics at the global level.
Effect of Phytohormones on Shoot Proliferation of Doubled Haploid Lines of African Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.)
Authors: Mehraj Uzma , Singh Kanwar Pal , Kumar Gunjeet , Panwar Sapna 
Published: January 2024

In vitro propagation of marigold has played a very important role in rapid multiplication of cultivars with desirable traits and production of healthy and disease-free plants. Shoot proliferation is a very important phase of micropropagation. This paper describes an efficient protocol for In vitro micropropagation of Doubled haploid lines of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) using nodal explants. Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with various concentrations and combinations of Benzylaminopurine (BAP), Naphthylacetic acid (NAA), Gibberellic acid (GA3) and Thidiazuron (TDZ) were employed for shoot regeneration in this study, maximum percent sprouting (100%) and minimum days to sprout break (1.48) were found in MS media supplemented with BAP 2mg/L + NAA 0.05mg/L + GA3 1mg/L, while maximum number of sprouts (1.73) and maximum average shoot length (3.98cm) were observed in case of media supplementation with BAP 1mg/L + NAA 0.05mg/L + GA3 0.5mg/L. However, in case of Thidiazuron (TDZ) minimum days taken for shoot proliferation (2.66) and maximum number of shoots per micro shoot (7.04) were observed in media supplemented with BAP 1mg/L + NAA 0.1mg/L + TDZ 0.5mg/L, while maximum length of shoots (4.2cm) was observed in control devoid of any hormones.
Persepsi Penghuni Rusunawa Terkait Aspek Privasi Pada Bukaan Jendela di Unit Kamar Rusunawa Surabaya
Authors: William Reinaldo Nathanael , Hariyanto Agus Dwi , Budhiyanto Aris 
Published: January 2024

Kenyamanan privasi yang terdapat pada unit kamar rusunawa terbentuk melalui batasan ruang yang terdiri dari elemen vertikal dan horizontal. Bukaan jendela dan pintu sebagai bagian dari batasan ruang yang berperan penting dalam mengontrol interaksi antara bagian dalam dengan bagian luar unit kamar. Penerapan bukaan jendela dan pintu pada unit kamar mempengaruhi kuat atau lemahnya batasan ruang dan tingkat privasi yang terdapat pada ruangan tersebut. Berdasarkan teori Hall tentang batasan dan privasi ruang dipengaruhi oleh respon panca indera manusia. Bukaan jendela dan pintu diartikan sebagai bagian yang mengontrol respon indera manusia dalam pembentukan batasan ruang. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bukaan jendela dan pintu memiliki pengaruh yang erat dalam pembentukan privasi dan kontrol akan parameter privasi ruang. Dalam analisis terdapat tiga dari lima indera yang secara dominan mempengaruhi batasan ruang dan privasi unit kamar rusunawa yaitu penglihatan, aksesibilitas dan proximity atau kedekatan.
Asthma and allergy in Albania
Authors: Priftanji A.V. , Qirko E. , Layzell J.C.M. , Burr M.L. , Fifield R. 
Published: March 2003

Background: The risk of allergic disease may be influenced by the degree of “westernization”. A survey was conducted to ascertain whether the prevalence of allergy was lower in Albania than elsewhere in Europe, as it has been the most isolated European country.Methods: The subjects were residents of Tirana aged 20–44 years. A screening questionnaire was completed by 2653 subjects. A more detailed questionnaire was administered to a random sample of 564 respondents, together with skin prick tests and serum IgE assay.Results: The prevalence of wheeze in the last year, and of wheeze without a cold, was lower in Albania than in any country that participated in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey. Nasal allergy and atopy (as indicated by serum specific IgE) were also uncommon in Albania, although serum total IgE concentrations were high.Conclusions: The findings confirmed the hypothesis of a low prevalence of allergy in Albania. Possible reasons include the recent economic isolation of Albania, the infrequency of smoking by women, the lack of domestic pets, and the high incidence of childhood infection and parasitic infestation. The prevalence of allergy and its potential determinants should be monitored in Albania as that country acquires the characteristics of other parts of Europe.
Adult asthmatics sensitized to cats and dogs: symptoms, severity, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in patients with furred animals at home and patients without these animals
Authors: Plaschke P , Janson C , Balder B , Löwhagen C , Järvholm B 
Published: March 2003

Background: Domestic furred animals are important sources of allergens in asthma, but few clinical studies have investigated the effects of exposure to or elimination of these allergens. The objective of this study was to investigate whether pet‐sensitized asthmatics with pets at home have worsened asthma, compared with similar asthmatics without pets. Methods: In a cross‐sectional epidemiologic study, 129 adult asthmatics sensitized to cats or dogs were investigated by interviews, skin prick tests, specific IgE, eosinophil counts, and bronchial methacholine challenge tests. Patients with a cat or dog at home (n=39) were compared with subjects without pets (n=90). Results: More subjects with pets had symptoms, inhaled or oral steroids, abnormal peak‐flow records, higher eosinophil counts, and a higher degree of bronchial hyperresponsiveness than subjects without pets. Asthmatics with pets more frequently ascribed their symptoms to their home environment, but fewer of them reported that their symptoms were elicited by contact with cats or dogs. Conclusions: This study strongly indicates that living with a cat or a dog aggravates symptoms and biomarkers of airway inflammation in asthmatics sensitized to cats or dogs. The study indicates that avoidance of these allergens may be an important measure in the treatment of sensitized asthmatics.
Eosinophil chemotaxis by chemokines: a study by a simple photometric assay
Authors: Nagase H. , Morita Y. , Yamaguchi M. , Yamada H. , Yamamoto K. , Jibiki S. , Hirai K. , Ohta K. , Kawasaki H. , Yoshie O. 
Published: March 2003

Background: The effects of a panel of 15 chemokines on eosinophil chemotaxis were studied by a new photometric assay which is both less tedious and less laborious than the conventional manual counting methods. Approximately 40 chemokines have been identified to date, but there is little information on the eosinophil migration‐inducing ability of chemokines other than CC chemokine receptor (CCR) 3 ligands. Methods: Eosinophil migration was measured by the Boyden chamber technique with a 96‐well multiwell chamber and polycarbonate membrane filter. Eosinophil migration was assessed by determination of the eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) activity, and photometric measurement was performed with a microtiter plate reader. Results: The assay was sensitive enough to detect 200 eosinophils, and the time required was within 4 h. CCR3 ligands, i.e., regulated on activation normal T‐cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), eotaxin, eotaxin‐2, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)‐3, induced significant migration, while other chemokines showed no significant migration‐inducing ability. Although the chemotaxis induction by these chemokines was efficiently inhibited by anti‐CCR3 mAb, anti‐CCR1 mAb failed to show any inhibitory effects. Conclusions: The photometric assay is suitable for analyzing a large number of samples. CCR3 ligands are the most important chemokines inducing eosinophil chemotaxis; thus, CCR3 represents a possible therapeutic target for the treatment of allergic diseases.
Turbutest™ in the training of asthmatic Turbuhaler™ users
Authors: Branco Ferreira M , Santos A , Clode MH , Palma Carlos AG 
Published: March 2003

Background: Correct utilization of inhalation devices is a key factor in asthma management. Objective assessment of the ability to use inhaler devices is therefore fundamental. Methods: The objective was to assess objectively the inhalation technique of Turbuhaler™ users who reported having no difficulty in using such a device. A total of 600 asthmatic patients of our allergology outpatient department, daily users of Turbuhaler devices, were evaluated with Turbutest™. This is a simple portable apparatus which connects a Turbuhaler inhaler with an electronic device to allow semiquantitative assessment of inhalation technique, with a score ranging from 0 (worst) to 3 (best), readily visualized on the apparatus. Patients were allowed to practice with Turbutest, assisted by an allergologist, until they improved their scores. A second Turbutest assessment was performed at a 2‐month follow‐up visit. Results: On the first assessment, one‐third of the patients had scores inadequate to allow a good inhalation, and only 20% achieved a score of 3. On the second assessment, significantly higher Turbutest scores were observed. Conclusions: Turbutest is a valuable tool in asthmatic patients' training, allowing identification and improvement of an inadequate inhalation technique with Turbuhaler.
Quantitative, rather than qualitative, differences in CD69 upregulation in human blood eosinophils upon activation with selected stimuli
Authors: Nopp A. , Lundahl J. , Halldén G. 
Published: March 2003

Background: The study aimed to investigate whether CD69 expression on granulocytes is subject to specific regulation by inflammatory mediators, and, if so, to identify these factors in relation to eosinophil activity markers such as the EG2 epitope and ECP release. Methods: Peripheral blood leukocytes from healthy donors were used. The surface and intracellular distribution of CD69 was investigated with a whole‐blood cell‐membrane permeabilization technique, the FOG method, and flow cytometry. In vitro stimulation was performed with GM‐CSF, IL‐5, IL‐5 plus eotaxin, LPS, and fMLP. Results: A preformed intracellular pool of CD69 was demonstrated in both eosinophils and neutrophils, but not in monocytes. Almost no resting eosinophils, neutrophils. or monocytes expressed CD69 on the cell surface. However, in vitro stimulation with selected stimuli increased the proportion of CD69‐positive eosinophils to various extents, with GM‐CSF being the most and fMLP the least efficient stimulus. The neutrophils did not respond under these conditions. Increased expression of the EG2 epitope and initiation of degranulation preceded CD69 upregulation. Conclusions: Eosinophils and neutrophils from healthy donors have a preformed intracellular pool of CD69, which is mobilized on the cell surface on eosinophils, but not on neutrophils, to various extents by selected stimuli. Monocytes, however, do not have a preformed intracellular pool of CD69. Our data indicate that a kinetic order exists among the EG2 expression, the degranulation process, and CD69 upregulation. Due to a quantitative, rather then a qualitative, upregulation of CD69 by stimuli associated with both allergic and bacterial inflammation, CD69 may be a potential activity marker of clinical value.
Association of asthma symptoms and severity with indoor bioaerosols
Authors: Ross M. A. , Curtis L. , Scheff P. A. , Hryhorczuk D. O. , Ramakrishnan V. , Wadden R. A. , Persky V. W. 
Published: March 2003

Background: In this study, repeated measurements were made of levels of mold spores, bacteria, and dust‐mite allergens over a 7‐month period in the homes of asthmatics, and relationships with measures of asthma severity were evaluated. Methods: A sample of 57 asthmatic individuals, living in 44 homes in East Moline, Illinois, and nearby communities, participated in a panel study. The homes were visited up to nine times during the study to collect air and dust samples. Asthma severity indicators were derived from questionnaire data and from the daily health records from the panel study. Associations between indoor levels of mold spores, bacteria, and dust‐mite allergens were tested with several asthma severity indicators. Results: There was evidence of associations between all asthma severity measures and levels of total and Gram‐negative bacteria, but mold‐spore abundance was associated only with emergency room (ER) visits for asthma. No significant associations were found with house‐dust‐mite allergen and any of the asthma severity indicators, but the levels of dust‐mite allergen were low, with median concentrations of 0.18 µg/g dust Der f 1 and 0.19 µg/g dust Der p 1. Conclusions: Some evidence was found for associations of increased concentrations of Gram‐negative bacteria and mold spores with asthma severity, particularly with ER visits. No association was found between house‐dust‐mite allergen and asthma severity indicators; however, the mite‐allergen levels in the study homes were generally well below the proposed threshold level of 2 µg/g dust.
Effects of human lung fibroblasts on eosinophil degranulation*
Authors: Takafuji S. , Miyakuni Y. , Nakagawa T. , Shoji S. , Murata S. , Yamamoto K. , Ito K. 
Published: March 2003

Background: Although eosinophils and fibroblasts are thought to contribute to the mechanisms of chronic asthmatic inflammation, the interaction between eosinophils and fibroblasts has not been thoroughly clarified. We examined eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) release from human eosinophils cultured in the presence of human lung fibroblast HFL‐1. Methods: Eosinophils from healthy donors were cultured with or without C5a for 16 h in the presence of human fetal lung fibroblasts which had previously been incubated with or without TNF for 4 h. ECP in supernatants was measured by RIA. Results: ECP release was potentiated only when both eosinophils and fibroblasts were activated by C5a and TNF, respectively, while it was not significantly potentiated when either eosinophils or fibroblasts were activated. Paraformaldehyde fixation of fibroblasts had some suppressive effect on ECP enhancement, and mAb against GM‐CSF partly inhibited ECP enhancement. Coculture of eosinophils and fibroblasts with stimulus treatment resulted in the enhancement of both eosinophil adhesion and ECP release. The potentiation of ECP release was partially inhibited by anti‐ICAM‐1 mAb, anti‐CD18 mAb, and anti‐CD29 mAb, which caused partial and comparable inhibition of the enhancement of eosinophil adhesion. Conclusions: This study suggests that the activation of fibroblasts may have some role in the potentiation of ECP release from cocultured eosinophils, and that adhesion of eosinophils to fibroblasts may partly be involved in the mechanism of ECP potentiation.