bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilateral, sequential orbital inflammation secondary to relapsing polychondritis
Authors: Al-Janabi Ahmed , Wang Aijing , Gallagher Kevin 
Published: September 2023

This report describes a case of a Caucasian man in his 60s with bilateral sequential orbital inflammatory disease associated with relapsing polychondritis (RPC).He first presented with a subclavian vein periphlebitis/thrombosis and swollen left knee. Two weeks later, he developed right orbital inflammation with restricted eye movements. He was treated initially for possible orbital cellulitis. His inflammation failed to respond to antibiotics but rapidly resolved with oral prednisolone. One year later, he presented with left auricular inflammation, a maculopapular rash on his arms and torso and left orbital inflammation. Again, he failed to respond to antibiotics but had rapid resolution of his inflammatory signs following oral prednisolone.Based on his previous inflammatory arthropathy, auricular inflammation, orbital inflammation and response to oral steroids, he was diagnosed with RPC based on the McAdam diagnostic criteria. His steroids were tapered and he was commenced on methotrexate as maintenance therapy.
Simulation of fluid dynamics and turbulence during phacoemulsification using the new propeller turbo tip
Authors: Wang Xiaoliang , Wang Xiaogang 
Published: September 2023

PurposeTo investigate the fluid dynamics and turbulence in the anterior chamber during phacoemulsification with a new propeller turbo tip using computational fluid dynamics methods.MethodsA theoretical study, three-dimensional model with the corresponding mathematical equations for the propeller turbo phaco tip, anterior chamber and lens capsular bag was developed. A simulation was performed for the new propeller turbo tip with various parameter settings (vacuum, irrigation bottle height and phaco power). Fluid dynamics and turbulence in the anterior chamber, lens capsular bag and phaco tip were evaluated. The linear relationship between the different setting parameters and a stable anterior chamber pressure was assessed.ResultsThe fluid dynamic turbulence was mainly symmetrically distributed in the anterior chamber. Propeller turbo phaco tip vibration caused increased fluid velocity and asymmetrical fluid turbulence in the metal lumen but had little influence on dynamic intraocular pressure. Reasonable phaco machine parameter settings can maintain a stable intraocular pressure during phacoemulsification.ConclusionsEvaluation of phacoemulsification fluid dynamics using computational simulation methods could provide detailed information about the influence of the propeller on dynamic intraocular pressure during phacoemulsification, which is useful for a better understanding of this procedure.
Extensive gender disparity in top medical schools and their affiliated dermatology departments: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ding Jeffrey , Tao Brendan Ka-Lok , Joseph Marissa , Chawla Sahil , Amin Wali , Khosa Faisal 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundPrevious studies demonstrate female under-representation in top medical school leadership and dermatology departments, although separately. Here, we investigate the extent and interplay of gender disparity between these two bodies.ObjectiveTo compare the extent of gender disparity among top 15 US medical schools with affiliated dermatology programmes.MethodsCross-sectional study conducted in 2022. Faculty gender, academic rank, leadership position and membership of medical school leadership or affiliated dermatology department were extracted from public institutional sources. Research metrics (h-index, citations, publication span and publication counts) were collated using Elsevier’s SCOPUS tool.ResultsFrom 1243 individuals (31.7% women), 840 held medical school leadership positions and 403 were affiliated dermatology faculty. Rank biserial correlation indicated a significant relationship of male gender with higher academic rank (r=−0.305, p<0.001), leadership position (r=0.095, p=0.004) and scholarly metrics. More medical leadership individuals had higher academic rank than dermatology faculty; we, therefore, hypothesise a pipelining of rising departmental faculty into leadership positions.LimitationsPublic faculty listings seldomly reported leadership appointment age and length, career duration and mid-career breaks.ConclusionContinued diversity efforts are recommended to improve female under-representation in medical school leadership and affiliated dermatology faculties.
Gender equity in an NHS theatre environment: an example of compassionate leadership and a discussion of psychological safety, inclusivity and civility
Authors: Kaur Anjana 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionEffective clinical leadership can seem at a loss in the current National Health Service (NHS). The following reflection describes how a peer support network for menopausal symptoms and introduction of free sanitary products in female changing rooms proved greatly beneficial to promoting genuine equity in a Welsh NHS theatre environment. The latter aimed to help female staff working in time pressured and high stress environments on days when they are caught out by their menstrual cycle.MethodThe Driscoll reflective model has been chosen to critically appraise these behaviours, providing an opportunity to focus on the details of the event, analyse the impact of behaviours and evaluate best future practice.ConclusionThis is a pragmatic, tangible and cost-effective approach to creating gender equity in a busy NHS environment.
Incorporating diverse voices in geoconservation in Portland, Jamaica
Authors: Salgado-Jauregui Estefanía , Ellins Katherine , Martindale Rowan C. , Henry Denise , Gordon-Smith Debbie-Ann 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Sites of geological relevance in East Portland are representative of the geological history of Jamaica and are important to elucidate Caribbean geotectonic evolution. Geological significance overlaps with natural and cultural heritage of international relevance, especially related to Maroon communities. In this region, the Jamaican highest peak rises steeply from sea level; the ocean is the focus of important conservation efforts. This study employs an interpretative phenomenological analysis to explore place attachment as experienced by East Portland residents. We engaged in conversations with 16 diverse community members through interviews and a focus group. Two dimensions of place attachment emerged: place identity and place dependence, showing that East Portland is home to people who depend on, identify with and are committed to protecting nature. We present an approach to mapping place attachment, which resulted in an important tool of analysis when overlapping with layers of information like geoheritage. The geological significance, natural and cultural richness and the connections the locals have with nature make East Portland an ideal prototype for geoconservation. This study also reveals that attachment to a place does not necessarily correspond to attachment to geoscientific significance; for common meanings to emerge, geoscientists and locals must collaborate.
Hyper-Dependence on NHEJ Enables Synergy between DNA-PK Inhibitors and Low-Dose Doxorubicin in Leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Marino-Enriquez Adrian , Novotny Jan Philipp , Gulhan Doga C. , Klooster Isabella , Tran Antuan V. , Kasbo Macy , Lundberg Meijun Z. , Ou Wen-Bin , Tao Derrick L. , Pilco-Janeta Daniel F. , Mao Victor Y. , Zenke Frank T. , Leeper Brittaney A. , Gokhale Prafulla C. , Cowley Glenn S. , Baker Laurence H. , Ballman Karla V. , Root David E. , Albers Joachim , Park Peter J. , George Suzanne , Fletcher Jonathan A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is an aggressive sarcoma for which standard chemotherapies achieve response rates under 30%. There are no effective targeted therapies against LMS. Most LMS are characterized by chromosomal instability (CIN), resulting in part from TP53 and RB1 co-inactivation and DNA damage repair defects. We sought to identify therapeutic targets that could exacerbate intrinsic CIN and DNA damage in LMS, inducing lethal genotoxicity.

Experimental Design:
We performed clinical targeted sequencing in 287 LMS and genome-wide loss-of-function screens in 3 patient-derived LMS cell lines, to identify LMS-specific dependencies. We validated candidate targets by biochemical and cell-response assays in vitro and in seven mouse models.

Results:
Clinical targeted sequencing revealed a high burden of somatic copy-number alterations (median fraction of the genome altered =0.62) and demonstrated homologous recombination deficiency signatures in 35% of LMS. Genome-wide short hairpin RNA screens demonstrated PRKDC (DNA-PKcs) and RPA2 essentiality, consistent with compensatory nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) hyper-dependence. DNA-PK inhibitor combinations with unconventionally low-dose doxorubicin had synergistic activity in LMS in vitro models. Combination therapy with peposertib and low-dose doxorubicin (standard or liposomal formulations) inhibited growth of 5 of 7 LMS mouse models without toxicity.

Conclusions:
Combinations of DNA-PK inhibitors with unconventionally low, sensitizing, doxorubicin dosing showed synergistic effects in LMS in vitro and in vivo models, without discernable toxicity. These findings underscore the relevance of DNA damage repair alterations in LMS pathogenesis and identify dependence on NHEJ as a clinically actionable vulnerability in LMS.
An Anterior Second Heart Field Enhancer Regulates the Gene Regulatory Network of the Cardiac Outflow Tract
Authors: Yamaguchi Naoko , Chang Ernest W. , Lin Ziyan , Shekhar Akshay , Bu Lei , Khodadadi-Jamayran Alireza , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Cen Yiyun , Phoon Colin K.L. , Moskowitz Ivan P. , Park David S. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
Conotruncal defects due to developmental abnormalities of the outflow tract (OFT) are an important cause of cyanotic congenital heart disease. Dysregulation of transcriptional programs tuned by NKX2-5 (NK2 homeobox 5), GATA6 (GATA binding protein 6), and TBX1 (T-box transcription factor 1) have been implicated in abnormal OFT morphogenesis. However, there remains no consensus on how these transcriptional programs function in a unified gene regulatory network within the OFT.

METHODS:

We generated mice harboring a 226-nucleotide deletion of a highly conserved cardiac enhancer containing 2 GATA-binding sites located ≈9.4 kb upstream of the transcription start site of
Nkx2-5
(

Nkx2-5
∆enh

) using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing and assessed phenotypes. Cardiac defects in

Nkx2-5
∆enh/∆enh

mice were structurally characterized using histology and scanning electron microscopy, and physiologically assessed using electrocardiography, echocardiography, and optical mapping. Transcriptome analyses were performed using RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing data sets. Endogenous GATA6 interaction with and activity on the
NKX2-5
enhancer was studied using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing in human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes.

RESULTS:

Nkx2-5
∆enh/∆enh

mice recapitulated cyanotic conotruncal defects seen in patients with
NKX2-5, GATA6
, and
TBX1
mutations.

Nkx2-5
∆enh/∆enh

mice also exhibited defects in right Purkinje fiber network formation, resulting in right bundle-branch block. Enhancer deletion reduced embryonic
Nkx2-5
expression selectively in the right ventricle and OFT of mutant hearts, indicating that enhancer activity is localized to the anterior second heart field. Transcriptional profiling of the mutant OFT revealed downregulation of important genes involved in OFT rotation and septation, such as
Tbx1, Pitx2
, and
Sema3c
. Endogenous GATA6 interacted with the highly conserved enhancer in human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes and in wild-type mouse hearts. We found critical dose dependency of cardiac enhancer accessibility on
GATA6
gene dosage in human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our results using human and mouse models reveal an essential gene regulatory network of the OFT that requires an anterior second heart field enhancer to link GATA6 with NKX2-5–dependent rotation and septation gene programs.
Lexical Processing Strongly Affects Reading Times But Not Skipping During Natural Reading
Authors: Heilbron Micha , van Haren Jorie , Hagoort Peter , de Lange Floris P. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In a typical text, readers look much longer at some words than at others, even skipping many altogether. Historically, researchers explained this variation via low-level visual or oculomotor factors, but today it is primarily explained via factors determining a word’s lexical processing ease, such as how well word identity can be predicted from context or discerned from parafoveal preview. While the existence of these effects is well established in controlled experiments, the relative importance of prediction, preview and low-level factors in natural reading remains unclear. Here, we address this question in three large naturalistic reading corpora (n = 104, 1.5 million words), using deep neural networks and Bayesian ideal observers to model linguistic prediction and parafoveal preview from moment to moment in natural reading. Strikingly, neither prediction nor preview was important for explaining word skipping—the vast majority of explained variation was explained by a simple oculomotor model, using just fixation position and word length. For reading times, by contrast, we found strong but independent contributions of prediction and preview, with effect sizes matching those from controlled experiments. Together, these results challenge dominant models of eye movements in reading, and instead support alternative models that describe skipping (but not reading times) as largely autonomous from word identification, and mostly determined by low-level oculomotor information.
The Synchrony-Prosociality Link Cannot Be Explained Away as Expectancy Effect: Response to Atwood et al. ()
Authors: Tunçgenç Bahar , Bamford Joshua S. , Fawcett Christine , Cohen Emma 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Moving in time to others, as is often observed in dance, music, sports and much of children’s play cross-culturally, is thought to make people feel and act more prosocially towards each other. In a recent paper, Atwood et al. (2022) argued that the inferential validity of this link found between synchronous behaviour and prosociality might be mainly due to “expectancy effects generated by a combination of (1) experimenter expectancy, leading to experimenter bias; and (2) participant expectancy (i.e., placebo effects)”. Here, we counter these arguments with (1) examples of studies devoid of experimenter expectancy effects that nevertheless demonstrate a positive link between synchrony and prosociality, and (2) insights from the developmental literature that address participant expectancy by showing how expectations formed through lived experiences of synchronous interactions do not necessarily threaten inferential validity. In conclusion, there is already sufficient good-quality evidence showing the positive effects of synchronous behaviours on prosociality beyond what can be explained by experimenter or participant expectation effects.
Patterns of Religious Content and Narrative Arrangement in Arrian’s Anabasis of Alexander
Authors: Liotsakis Vasileios 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study examines three patterns of religious content in Arrian’s Anabasis of Alexander: (a) ritual reports, (b) religious material culture, and (c) omens. Although ritual reports and omens mainly mark turning points of the expedition and certain qualities of Alexander’s character, the passages pertaining to religious material culture also transfer our focal point of interest to the author’s religious beliefs and his literary and cultural tastes. Most importantly, Arrian uses ritual reports and omens in compliance with (a) the dynamic portrait he wished to delineate for Alexander and (b) his opinion about Alexander’s relationship with religion on three different levels (alleged divine origins, stories about the divine favor Alexander enjoyed, and his rivalry with Dionysus and Heracles). A comparative reading of these three religious patterns reveals how Arrian, as a narrator, achieved a creative compromise between his own assessment of Alexander and the historical material he drew from his sources.
Comparative success of two sampling techniques for high-altitude Alpine grassland reptiles under different temporal designs
Authors: Chiacchio Michele , Pellitteri-Rosa Daniele , Barbi Andrea , Corlatti Luca , Rödder Dennis , Henle Klaus , Grimm-Seyfarth Annegret 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Monitoring of wildlife populations is essential for their conservation and requires a carefully chosen methodology. We compared survey effectiveness of reptiles using coverboards and visual encounter surveys in two study sites in the Italian Alps with similar habitats and reptile communities. The two sites shared similar methodologies, cover boards and visual encounter surveys (VES), except for the temporal approach, with one employing a long-lasting monitoring scheme and the other operating on a much shorter time-frame. Coverboards were placed two years before the beginning of the monitoring in the first site, while they were installed only for ten days and then removed each year in the second site. Similarly, VES were spread across the whole reptile activity season (May-September) in the first site, while conducted over nine consecutive days in the second site. Although the observation rate of any species was mainly associated with its relative abundance, reptiles preferred long-established coverboards and all three species present (Zootoca vivipara, Anguis veronensis and Vipera berus) were found underneath them. Only Zootoca vivipara used recently installed ones. On the other hand, short-term daily visual encounter surveys led to a much higher observation rate of Z. vivipara than those spread over the entire season. Our results suggest that coverboards may provide a valuable monitoring tool for reptiles when projects are conducted over long periods. Conversely, when only short-term assessments are possible, no real difference exists between the two methods and observation rate is more influenced by the species abundance than by the chosen method.
Meows of captive feral domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus) in the mating season: acoustic correlates of caller identity and sex
Authors: Sedova Liliya M. , Volodin Ilya A. , Erofeeva Mariya N. , Alekseeva Galina S. , Naidenko Sergey V. , Volodina Elena V. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the frequency, temporal and power parameters in 11 (5 males, 6 females) captive feral domestic cats Felis silvestris catus, vocalising in their individual outdoor enclosures during the mating season. Discriminant function analysis (DFA) classified the meows to correct callers with 79.2% accuracy, which exceeded the chance level of 22.9 ± 2.8%, calculated with permutation test. Male meows were lower-frequency, with the maximum fundamental frequency of 0.37 ± 0.05 kHz vs 0.61 ± 0.16 kHz in females. Sex differences in the maximum, beginning and end fundamental frequencies varied from 32 to 39%, depending on acoustic parameter. The DFA classified the meows to correct sex with accuracy of 88.0%, which exceeded the chance level of 58.2 ± 3.1%. We discuss that the meows encode information about individual identity and sex and that acoustic differences in frequency parameters of the meows exceed sexual dimorphism of body size in domestic cat.
Is Name Popularity a Good Test of Historicity?
Authors: Gregor Kamil , Blais Brian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In Jesus and the Eyewitnesses, Richard Bauckham argues that the popularity of personal names in Gospels-Acts corresponds remarkably well to name popularity among late ancient Palestinian Jews and that this can only be the case if Gospels-Acts characters are in most cases historical as opposed to invented in the process of ‘anonymous community transmission’. We re-examine Bauckham’s conclusions, asserted with a remarkably high level of confidence but almost entirely without an actual statistical evaluation of his onomastic data, and perform the appropriate statistical analysis on the most recent onomastic dataset. We show that Bauckham’s thesis offers no advantage in explaining the observed correspondence between name popularity in Gospels-Acts and in the contemporary Palestinian Jewish population over an alternative model of ‘anonymous community transmission’. Moreover, our statistical analysis identifies some, albeit weak, evidence against Bauckham’s thesis.
An Analysis of the Leg and Foot Morphology of Chairs from the Ming and Qing Dynasties
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Yuan Jindong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study analyzed the morphology of the legs and feet of chairs from the Ming and Qing Dynasties using statistics, and the characteristics were presented in a data-based mode. With furniture samples collected from museums as the research object, the performances of chair legs and feet from different periods were analyzed using cross-analysis and chi-square tests in SPSS 22.0 to find out if statistically significant differences existed. The results show no statistical difference in the morphology of legs and feet of side chairs and armchairs with curved rest from different periods, while significant statistical differences exist in the morphology of the legs and feet of armchairs from the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The results can help people to have a deeper understanding of the legs and feet of chairs from the Ming and Qing Dynasties on a rational cognition level and provide new ideas for the inheritance and innovation of such furniture in modern times.
Modified Stabilization Test to Diagnose Chronic Syndesmotic Injuries Based on Posture Control
Authors: Mei Nan , Jiang Zhende , Zhong Zhuan , Fu Lijuan , Hao Jianyuan , Li Zhaoyan , Wang Qingyu , Wang Yinan , Zhang Hanyang , Chang Fei 
Published: September 2023

Background: To propose and validate a modified noninvasive method for the diagnosis of chronic syndesmotic injuries. Methods: This study included 16 patients with chronic ankle instability. Herein, we propose the Modified Stabilization Test, a new measurement for use in the diagnosis of chronic syndesmotic injury, as determined by wearing a 60-kPa pneumatic brace. The test combines the center of pressure and sensory organization test to measure postural control. For comparison, we also measured the tibiofibular clear space, tibiofibular overlap, and medial clear space using anteroposterior radiograph; a line marked horizontally above the tibial plaque using computed tomography (CT) to measure the syndesmotic gap and fibular rotation angle; and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to determine the presence of the λ sign. The distance of syndesmosis was confirmed in 16 individuals through arthroscopy, and the results of the examination were used to determine the diagnostic efficacy of each index. Results: Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the optimal cut-off value, sensitivity, and specificity of the Modified Stabilization Test for the diagnosis of chronic syndesmotic injuries were 0.80, 100%, and 87.5%, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of the Modified Stabilization Test was 0.906 (95% CI 0.656, 0.993; P < .001), which was superior to imaging indices such as radiography, CT, and MRI (AUC = 0.516-0.891). Conclusion: We developed the Modified Stabilization Test—a noninvasive diagnostic tool for the screening of chronic syndesmotic injuries. The test showed high sensitivity and specificity for the identification of chronic syndesmotic injuries and is helpful in the identification of chronic syndesmotic injuries. Level of Evidence: Level II, diagnostic—investigating a diagnostic test.