bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Registration of ‘CLL17’ rice
Authors: Angira Brijesh , Linscombe Steven D. , Webster Eric P. , Webster Connor , Harrell Dustin L. , Groth Donald E. , Dalla‐Lana Felipe , Zaunbrecher Richard E. , Dartez Valerie , Williams Brady , Theunissen Brent , Famoso Adam 
Published: January 2024

Abstract‘CLL17’ (Reg. no. CV‐160; PI 693941), a high‐yielding long‐grain rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar, was developed by the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center at the H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station near Crowley, LA, and approved for release in 2020. CLL17 contains the herbicide‐resistant gene for use in the Clearfield rice production system. The Clearfield rice production system is defined as the brand of rice cultivars that are tolerant to imidazolinone herbicides. CLL17 was derived from the cross ‘CL131’/‘Trenasse’. It showed good yield potential and favorable agronomic characteristics in the 2015 Clearfield Preliminary Yield Trial. In 2016, it was evaluated in the uniform regional rice nursery trial across four southern states. From 2017 to 2022, CLL17 was evaluated in 50 replicated trials across 10 locations in Louisiana. Three high‐yielding commercial cultivars were included as checks: ‘Cheniere’, ‘CL153’, and ‘CL111’. The grain yield of CLL17 was 9.0 t ha−1 compared with 8.9 t ha−1 for CL153, 8.3 t ha−1 for CL111, and 8.2 t ha−1 for Cheniere across 25 commercial advanced trials from 2017 to 2020. CLL17 had a similar plant height to CL111, 2‐cm taller than CL153, and 5‐cm taller than Cheniere. It exhibits typical US long‐grain rice cooking quality with intermediate amylose and gel temperature. CLL17 is susceptible to sheath blight [caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn ], resistant to Cercospora spp., leaf blast [caused by Magnaporthe grisea (T.T. Hebert)], and neck blast, and moderately susceptible to bacterial panicle blight (caused by Burkholderia glumae).
Registration of Arkot 1202, Arkot 1207, Arkot 1208, and Arkot 1214 cotton germplasm lines
Authors: Bourland Fred M. , Koebernick Jenny C. , Jones Don C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractArkot 1202 (Reg. no. GP‐1143, PI 702793), Arkot 1207 (Reg. no. GP‐1144, PI 702794), Arkot 1208 (Reg. no. GP‐1145, PI 702795), and ‘Arkot 1214’ (Reg. no. GP‐1146, PI 702796) are conventional cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm lines released by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station in June 2023. Arkot 1202, Arkot 1207, and Arkot 1208 lines share ‘UA48’ (PVP 201100041) as a common parent. The second parent for Arkot 1202 and Arkot 1207 was MD25‐87Y and ‘Columbia’, respectively. The second parent for Arkot 1208 was the F1 of a double cross of F1 (Ark 0219‐15 crossed with LA063071653) and F1 (Arkot 0222 crossed with Ark 0203‐11). Arkot 1214 was derived from a four‐way cross of two double crosses: F1 (MD25‐26ne crossed with Arkot 0113) and F1 (Arkot 0114 crossed with ‘UA222’). In replicated field tests at four Arkansas sites over 5 years, the four lines produced more lint yield than UA48 and UA222. Wide adaptation of the lines was indicated by high lint yields of lines in 2020 regional tests. All four lines displayed high resistance to bacterial blight and Fusarium wilt race 1. Plant (leaf, stem, and bract) trichomes and tarnished plant bug response of Arkot 1202 and Arkot 1214 were equal to UA48, but Arkot 1207 and Arkot 1208 were equal to UA222. Yield component values of the four lines were equal to or better than UA222. The maturity and fiber quality of Arkot 1202 approached that of UA48 while the other three were similar to UA222.
Substrate selectivity and unique sequence signatures in SWEET/semiSWEET homologs of four taxonomic groups: Sequence analysis and phylogenetic studies
Authors: Gupta Ankita , Sankararamakrishnan Ramasubbu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe recently discovered SWEET (Sugar Will Eventually be Exported Transporter) proteins are involved in the selective transport of monosaccharides and disaccharides. The prokaryotic counterparts, semiSWEETs, form dimers with each monomer forming a triple‐helix transmembrane bundle (THB). The longer eukaryotic SWEETs have seven transmembrane helices with two THBs and a linker helix. Structures of semiSWEETs/SWEETs have been determined experimentally. Experimental studies revealed the role of plant SWEETs in vital physiological processes and identified residues responsible for substrate selectivity. However, SWEETs/semiSWEETs from metazoans and bacteria are not characterized. In this study, we used structure‐based sequence alignment and compared more than 2000 SWEET/semiSWEETs from four different taxonomic groups. Conservation of residue/chemical property was examined at all positions. Properties of clades/subclades of phylogenetic trees from each taxonomic group were analyzed. Conservation pattern of known residues in the selectivity‐filter was used to predict the substrate preference of plant SWEETs and some clusters of metazoans and bacteria. Some residues at the gating and substrate‐binding regions, pore‐facing positions and at the helix–helix interface are conserved across all taxonomic groups. Conservation of polar/charged residues at specific pore‐facing positions, helix–helix interface and in loops seems to be unique for plant SWEETs. Overall, the number of conserved residues is less in metazoan SWEETs. Plant and metazoan SWEETs exhibit high conservation of four and three proline residues respectively in “proline tetrad.” Further experimental studies can validate the predicted substrate selectivity and significance of conserved polar/charged/aromatic residues at structurally and functionally important positions of SWEETs/semiSWEETs in plants, metazoans and bacteria.
The effect of natural products used as pesticides on the soil microbiota: OECD 216 nitrogen transformation test fails to identify effects that were detected viaq‐PCR microbial abundance measurement
Authors: Pedrinho Alexandre , Karas Panagiotis A. , Kanellopoulos Alexandros , Feray Emma , Korman Ido , Wittenberg Gal , Ramot Ofir , Karpouzas Dimitrios G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDNatural products present an environmentally attractive alternative to synthetic pesticides which have been implicated in the off‐target effect. Currently, the assessment of pesticide toxicity on soil microorganisms relies on the OECD 216 N transformation assay (OECD stands for the Organisation Economic Co‐operation and Development, which is a key international standard‐setting organisation). We tested the hypotheses that (i) the OECD 216 assay fails to identify unacceptable effects of pesticides on soil microbiota compared to more advanced molecular and standardized tests, and (ii) the natural products tested (dihydrochalcone, isoflavone, aliphatic phenol, and spinosad) are less toxic to soil microbiota compared to a synthetic pesticide compound (3,5‐dichloraniline). We determined the following in three different soils: (i) ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−) soil concentrations, as dictated by the OECD 216 test, and (ii) the abundance of phylogenetically (bacteria and fungi) and functionally distinct microbial groups [ammonia‐oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB)] using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q‐PCR).RESULTSAll pesticides tested exhibited limited persistence, with spinosad demonstrating the highest persistence. None of the pesticides tested showed clear dose‐dependent effects on NH4+ and NO3− levels and the observed effects were <25% of the control, suggesting no unacceptable impacts on soil microorganisms. In contrast, q‐PCR measurements revealed (i) distinct negative effects on the abundance of total bacteria and fungi, which were though limited to one of the studied soils, and (ii) a significant reduction in the abundance of both AOA and AOB across soils. This reduction was attributed to both natural products and 3,5‐dichloraniline.CONCLUSIONOur findings strongly advocate for a revision of the current regulatory framework regarding the toxicity of pesticides to soil microbiota, which should integrate advanced and well‐standardized tools. © 2024 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Image detection model construction of Apolygus lucorum and Empoasca spp. based on improved YOLOv5
Authors: Xiong Bo , Li Delu , Zhang Qi , Desneux Nicolas , Luo Chen , Hu Zuqing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe polyphagous mirid bug Apolygus lucorum (Meyer‐Dür) and the green leafhopper Empoasca spp. Walsh are small pests that are widely distributed and important pests of many economically important crops, especially kiwis. Conventional monitoring methods are expensive, laborious and error‐prone. Currently, deep learning methods are ineffective at recognizing them. This study proposes a new deep‐learning‐based YOLOv5s_HSSE model to automatically detect and count them on sticky card traps.RESULTSBased on a database of 1502 images, all images were collected from kiwi orchards at multiple locations and times. We trained the YOLOv5s model to detect and count them and then changed the activation function to Hard swish in YOLOv5s, introduced the SIoU Loss function, and added the squeeze‐and‐excitation attention mechanism to form a new YOLOv5s_HSSE model. Mean average precision of this model in the test dataset was 95.9%, the recall rate was 93.9% and the frames per second was 155, which are higher than those of other single‐stage deep‐learning models, such as SSD, YOLOv3 and YOLOv4.CONCLUSIONThe proposed YOLOv5s_HSSE model can be used to identify and count A. lucorum and Empoasca spp., and it is a new, efficient and accurate monitoring method. Pest detection will benefit from the broader applications of deep learning. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Virtual twins for model‐informed precision dosing of clozapine in patients with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia
Authors: Mostafa Sam , Rafizadeh Reza , Polasek Thomas M. , Bousman Chad A. , Rostami‐Hodjegan Amin , Stowe Robert , Carrion Prescilla , Sheffield Leslie J. , Kirkpatrick Carl M. J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractModel‐informed precision dosing using virtual twins (MIPD‐VTs) is an emerging strategy to predict target drug concentrations in clinical practice. Using a high virtualization MIPD‐VT approach (Simcyp version 21), we predicted the steady‐state clozapine concentration and clozapine dosage range to achieve a target concentration of 350 to 600 ng/mL in hospitalized patients with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia (N = 11). We confirmed that high virtualization MIPD‐VT can reasonably predict clozapine concentrations in individual patients with a coefficient of determination (R2) ranging between 0.29 and 0.60. Importantly, our approach predicted the final dosage range to achieve the desired target clozapine concentrations in 73% of patients. In two thirds of patients treated with fluvoxamine augmentation, steady‐state clozapine concentrations were overpredicted two to four‐fold. This work supports the application of a high virtualization MIPD‐VT approach to inform the titration of clozapine doses in clinical practice. However, refinement is required to improve the prediction of pharmacokinetic drug–drug interactions, particularly with fluvoxamine augmentation.
Work Statistics and Entanglement Across the Fermionic Superfluid‐Insulator Transition
Authors: Zawadzki Krissia , Canella Guilherme A. , França Vivian V. , D'Amico Irene 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEntanglement in many‐body systems may display quantum phase transition signatures, and analogous insights are emerging in the study of work fluctuations. Here, the fermionic superfluid‐to‐insulator transition (SIT) is considered and related to its entanglement properties and its work distribution statistics. Using the attractive fermionic Hubbard model with randomly distributed impurities, the work distribution is analyzed under two quench protocols triggering the SIT. In the first, the concentration of impurities is increased; in the second, the impurities' disorder strength is varied. The results indicate that, at criticality, the entanglement is minimized while the average work is maximized. This study demonstrates that, for this state, density fluctuations vanish at all orders, resulting in all central moments of the work probability distribution being precisely zero. For systems undergoing a precursor to the transition (short chains with finite impurity potential) numerical results confirm these predictions, with higher moments further from the ideal results. For both protocols, at criticality, the system absorbs the most energy with almost no penalty in terms of fluctuations: ultimately this feature can be used to implement a quantum critical battery. The impact of temperature on this critical behaviour is also investigated and shown to favor work extraction for high enough temperatures.
Self‐Assembly of Delta‐Formamidinium Lead Iodide Nanoparticles to Nanorods: Study of Memristor Properties and Resistive Switching Mechanism
Authors: Muthu Chinnadurai , Resmi A. N. , Ajayakumar Avija , Ravindran N. E. Aswathi , Dayal G. , Jinesh K. B. , Szaciłowski Konrad , Vijayakumar Chakkooth 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the quest for advanced memristor technologies, this study introduces the synthesis of delta‐formamidinium lead iodide (δ‐FAPbI3) nanoparticles (NPs) and their self‐assembly into nanorods (NRs). The formation of these NRs is facilitated by iodide vacancies, promoting the fusion of individual NPs at higher concentrations. Notably, these NRs exhibit robust stability under ambient conditions, a distinctive advantage attributed to the presence of capping ligands and a crystal lattice structured around face‐sharing octahedra. When employed as the active layer in resistive random‐access memory devices, these NRs demonstrate exceptional bipolar switching properties. A remarkable on/off ratio (105) is achieved, surpassing the performances of previously reported low‐dimensional perovskite derivatives and α‐FAPbI3 NP‐based devices. This enhanced performance is attributed to the low off‐state current owing to the reduced number of halide vacancies, intrinsic low dimensionality, and the parallel alignment of NRs on the FTO substrate. This study not only provides significant insights into the development of superior materials for memristor applications but also opens new avenues for exploring low‐dimensional perovskite derivatives in advanced electronic devices.
Lipid Monolayer on Cell Surface Protein Templates Functional Extracellular Lipid Assembly
Authors: Dwivedi Anupma , Mazumder Anisha , Pullmannová Petra , Paraskevopoulou Anna , Opálka Lukáš , Kováčik Andrej , Macháček Miloslav , Jančálková Pavla , Svačinová Petra , Peterlik Herwig , Maixner Jaroslav , Vávrová Kateřina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhen the ancestors of men moved from aquatic habitats to the drylands, their evolutionary strategy to restrict water loss is to seal the skin surface with lipids. It is unknown how these rigid ceramide‐dominated lipids with densely packed chains squeeze through narrow extracellular spaces and how they assemble into their complex multilamellar architecture. Here it is shown that the human corneocyte lipid envelope, a monolayer of ultralong covalently bound lipids on the cell surface protein, templates the functional barrier assembly by partly fluidizing and rearranging the free extracellular lipids in its vicinity during the sculpting of a functional skin lipid barrier. The lipid envelope also maintains the fluidity of the extracellular lipids during mechanical stress. This local lipid fluidization does not compromise the permeability barrier. The results provide new testable hypotheses about epidermal homeostasis and the pathophysiology underlying diseases with impaired lipid binding to corneocytes, such as congenital ichthyosis. In a broader sense, this lipoprotein‐mediated fluidization of rigid (sphingo)lipid patches may also be relevant to lipid rafts and cellular signaling events and inspire new functional materials.
Organic Phosphorescent Hopper‐Shaped Microstructures
Authors: Yao Wei , Sun Kai , Li Chenxiao , Zhang Shasha , Liu Kun , Wu Beishen , Mao Yufeng , Ma Huili , Huang Wei , An Zhongfu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHopper‐shaped microcrystals, an unusual type of crystal with a large specific surface area, are promising for use in catalysis, drug delivery, and gas sensors. In contrast to well‐studied inorganic hopper‐shaped crystals, organic phosphorescent concave hopper‐shaped microstructures are rarely reported. This study reports the synthesis of two types of organic stepped indented hopper‐shaped microstructures with efficient room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) using a liquid phase self‐assembly strategy. The formation mechanism is attributed to the interfacial instability induced by the concentration gradient and selective etching. Compared with flat microstructures, the stepped indented hopper‐like RTP microstructures exhibit high sensitivity to oxygen. This work also demonstrates that packing the photochromic material into the concave hopper “vessel” effectively controls the switch of phosphorescence from energy transfer, expanding the potential applications of phosphorescent materials.
MOF Derivatives with Gradient Structure Anchored on Carbon Foam for High‐Performance Electromagnetic Wave Absorption
Authors: Deng Weibin , Li Tiehu , Li Hao , abdul Jalil , Liu Liting , Dang Alei , Liu Xin , Duan Mengfei , Wu Hongjing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe impedance matching and high loss capabilities of composites with homogeneous distribution are limited owing to high addition and lack of structural design. Developing composites with heterogeneous distribution can achieve strong and wide electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption. However, challenges such as complex design and unclear absorption mechanisms still exist. Herein, a novel composite with a heterogeneous distribution gradient is successfully constructed via MOF derivatives Co@ nitrogen‐doped carbon (Co@NC) anchored on carbon foam (CF) matrix (MDCF). Notably, the concentration of MOF can easily control the gradient structure. In particular, the morphologies of MOF derivatives on the surface of CF undergo a transition from the collapse of the inner layer to the integrity of the outer layer, accompanied by a continuous reduction in the size of Co nanoparticles. Correspondingly, enhanced interface polarization from the core‐shell of Co@NC and good impedance matching of MDCF can be obtained. The optimized MDCF exhibits the minimum reflection loss of −68.18 dB at 2.01 mm and effective absorption bandwidth covering the entire X‐band. Moreover, MDCF exhibits lightweight characteristics, excellent compressive strength, and low radar cross‐section reduction. This work highlights the immense potential of composites with heterogeneous distribution for achieving high‐performance EM wave absorption.
Phylogeny of Prosthechea (Laeliinae, Orchidaceae) based on nrITS and plastid DNA sequences: Reassessing the lumper‐splitter debate and shedding light on the evolution of this Neotropical genus
Authors: Vieira Tiago L. , Salazar Gerardo A. , van den Berg Cássio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAfter a confused taxonomic history, Prosthechea (Laeliinae, Orchidaceae) has been circumscribed in a broad sense to include species previously placed in Encyclia subg. Osmophytum. However, recent alternative classifications resurrecting old names such as Anacheilium and Hormidium, and proposing new genera such as Euchile, Panarica, Pollardia, and Pseudencyclia were presented, splitting Prosthechea into narrower genera. In this study, we provide a molecular phylogeny of Prosthechea to reassess alternative generic classifications and shed light on evolutionary aspects of this highly diverse Neotropical lineage. Eighty species of Prosthechea s.l. and 12 species of related genera were sampled. Bayesian and maximum parsimony analyses of sequences from three plastid regions (rpl32‐trnL, trnD‐trnT, ycf1) and nrITS were included. Possible conflicts between nuclear and plastid data were assessed with partitioned Bremer support. Ancestral state reconstructions of morphological characters relevant to the genus taxonomy are provided. Our results reinforce the monophyly of the lineage corresponding to a broad circumscription of Prosthechea. The small lineages corresponding to Euchile, Panarica, and Hormidium are monophyletic, whereas the larger Anacheilium, Pollardia, and Pseudencyclia are not monophyletic. Splitting Prosthechea into smaller genera is not supported by our phylogeny, and nonmonophyly also hinders the proposal of a comprehensive infrageneric classification. The phylogenetic relationships recovered reflect better the biogeographic patterns than the previously proposed morphological affinities, pointing to the existence of homoplastic floral traits within the genus. Conflicts between nuclear and plastid partitions were detected, suggesting a possible scenario of reticulate evolution.
Urbanization effects on urban vegetable farmers adaptation: Evidence from Ghana
Authors: Tuffour Michael , Owusu George , Sarpong Daniel Bruce 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study argues that urban change and urban agriculture are linked and this relationship affects urban farmers. This causes urban farmers to adapt to the urban change and, in this study, within the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA). This is because urban agriculture serves as a source of livelihood for urban dwellers and a source of vital food ingredients which helps address food security concerns in the city. This study employs an exploratory sequential mixed method to investigate this phenomenon, which first uses a qualitative methodology and then quantitative methodology to investigate the changes that have occurred within the GAMA and how the farmers are adapting to these changes. A heterogeneous sampling aproach was used to select a total of 29 farmers from 10 farm sites for the qualitative data, while a multistage sampling approach was used to select 251 farmers from 16 farm sites for the quantitative data. The changes within the urban space realized by farmers include climate, land scarcity, increased population, and lifestyle dynamics. The population increase and lifestyle change, for instance, increased demand for vegetables and land scarcity caused farmers to move to secured lands, which led to farmers enjoying security on those lands. However, increased population, for instance, led to more unplanned settlements, which negatively resulted in polluted streams for farming. It also led to land scarcity that has resulted in the eviction of farmers from their farmlands. In adapting to some of the effects of these changes, farmers used several water sources to reduce their dependence on the polluted streams and embarked on intensification and relocated to cheap and cost‐free lands to be able to manage the land scarcity challenge. All these adaptation strategies prove farmers' resilience to the intense urban changes, which affect their farming activities. This calls for a specialized and focused support for urban agriculture by stakeholders responsible for the promotion of urban agriculture.