bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
F108Correlation between prenatal ultrasound findings and postnatal outcome in 37 cases of isolated spina bifida aperta
Authors: Peralta C. F. A. , Bunduki V. , Plese J. P. , Yamamoto R. M. , Miyadahira S. , Zugaib M. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to find prenatal prognosis predictors in spina bifida aperta.MethodThirty‐seven cases of isolated Spina Bifida Aperta were prospectively evaluated from 1995 to 2000. Prenatal ultrasound findings such as hydrocephaly, talipes, site of the lesion and prenatal evolution were correlated with postnatal neurological outcome. Minimum postnatal follow up was one year.ResultsMortality rate was 24% (9/37). Among 28 survivors, 21 (71%) had normal intellectual development. Six (6/28–21%) had normal intellectual and motor development Fourteen (14/28–50%) had normal intellectual development but severe motor impairment. Severe motor and intellectual impairment were present in 8/28 survivors (29%). All of them had hydrocephaly (mean ventriculo‐hemisphere ratio = 0.75), and 5(5/8–63%) had talipes. Site of spina was higher in this group with no case of sacral meningomielocele. All 28 patients had problems in controlling sphincters which was analysed separately from inferior limbs motor development.ConclusionsThe group with small sacral lesions without hydrocephaly nor talipes had good prognosis, with normal intellectual and inferior limb motor development but no sphincter control. In any other situation a poor prognosis was observed with a high mortality rate. Longer follow up is needed to better ascertain and confirm these prognostic factors.
F109The management and outcome of fetal hydrothorax in Taiwan
Authors: Chao An‐Shine , Chung Chao‐Lung , Lien Reyin , Lin Jer‐Nan 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundTo evaluate the outcome and management of the complications encountered in the cases of fetal hydrothorax.Method14 cases of fetal hydrothorax were enrolled. Complete prenatal work‐up were done. Thoracocentesis were performed 24–48 h prior to the thoracoamniotic shunting (T‐A shunt). Thoracoamniotic shunting was performed when (i) the age of diagnosis was less than 34 weeks (ii) presence of hydrops fetalis (iii) progression of pleural effusion even after thoracocentesis.ResultsAmong the 14 cases, 10 cases received T‐A shunts with 1 case technically failed to insert who subsequently had distress and demised. The remaining 9 cases (except a case of trisomy 21 & a case of persistent hydrops) had resolved hydrops and pleural effusion after the shunting and survive with good neonatal outcome although 5/8 had preterm delivery. For the 4 cases who did not receive T‐A shunt, only one had pulmonary and gastroenterology sequales. The major underlying cause of effusion was chylothorax. There were 2 dislodged shunts into fetal pleural cavity which had to be removed postnatally.ConclusionThe thoracoamniotic shunting is an potentially corrective and effective method for the chronic drainage of massive fetal pleural effusion by reversal of hydrops and prevention of pulmonary hypoplasia. Conservative managements are preserved for the slow‐accumulating pleural effusion, nonhydropic circumstances.
F112Prenatal sonographic diagnosis and outcome of anterior abdominal wall defects
Authors: See T. C. , Set P. A. K. , Brain J. , Coleman N. 
Published: March 2003

Objectives(1) To evaluate the accuracy of routine second trimester ultrasound screening in the detection of anterior abdominal wall defects (AAWD); (2) To assess the outcome of these pregnancies.MethodsA retrospective study of low risk population between January 1993 to December 1999. Cases with AAWD were obtained from antenatal, neonatal surgical and pathology Departments. Correlation was made with the second trimester ultrasound examinations to assess the accuracy of detection. Pregnancy outcome was reviewed.ResultsThere were 25 fetuses with AAWD. 15 with omphalocoele, 9 with gastroschisis and 1 with bladder exstrophy. All except the bladder extrophy case were detected antenatally. Pathology report on a case of omphalocoele was inconclusive. A case of gastroschisis did not have histological confirmation following termination of pregnancy. However, sonogram review of these 2 cases confirmed the original diagnosis and hence are included as true positives. 7 of the 9 cases of gastroschisis were live births and all did well following surgery. 7 of the 15 cases of omphalocoele were livebirths. One died at 9 months but others did well post surgery.ConclusionWe demonstrate a sensitivity of 96% (24/25) and a specificity of 100% for the detection of AAWD. 13 of the 14 live births (93%) did well following surgery. With the increasing awareness of evidence based medicine, this study hopes to set a standard for clinical practice.
F114Ultrasonographic detection of undescended testes in the third trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Wolman I. , Gull I. , Hartoov J. , Fait G. , Amaster R. , Lessing J. B. , Jaffa A. J. 
Published: March 2003

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to assess, the sonographic rate of detection of undescended testes among a low‐risk population during the third trimester.Study methods332 women between 34 and 40 weeks of pregnancy underwent prospectively an ultrasonographic evaluation including biometrical studies and detailed study of the fetal genitals. The presence of the testes within the scrotum was examined by a qualified neonatologist within 3 days after birth.ResultsOf the 332 fetuses that were examined, the scrotum was visible in 294 of them (89%). Nine cases of undescended testes were detected (3%). Of these, the diagnosis of one case, examined at 34 weeks of gestation, was a false positive one as revealed after birth. There was no false negative result. The present series has delineated the best timing for the detection during the late 3rd trimester as being between 34 and 36 weeks of pregnancy. When undescended testes is diagnosed, a second evaluation is recommended at around 37 weeks of pregnancy.DiscussionUltrasound examination during the late third trimester of pregnancy appears to allow an accurate diagnosis of undescended testes prenatally. This early identification will alert the neonatologist of the possibility of cryptorchidism and permit early postnatal identification and treatment.
F115Prenatal diagnosis and clinical management of fetal hydro(metro)colpos: report of 3 cases
Authors: Geipel A. , Berg C. , Germer U. , Gloeckner‐Hofmann K. , Möller J. , Gembruch U. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundHydrometrocolpos represents the dilatation of the vagina and uterus due to obstruction of the genital tract, leading to accumulation of secretions.We report on 3 female fetuses with prenatally diagnosed hydro(metro)colpos. Gestational age ranged from 28 to 35 week's. In the first case, hydrometrocolpos was associated with postaxial hexadactyly of both upper extremities, strongly indicating McKusick Kaufman syndrome. In the second case, malformation of the urogenital sinus included anorectal and vaginal atresia with rectovaginal and urethrovaginal fistula. Furthermore, vertebral segmentation anomalies, horseshoe kidney and ventricular septal defect were detected, creating an overlap between VACTERL and MURCS association. In the third case, hydrometrocoplos secondary to cloacal anomaly with anal atresia and bilateral hydronephrosis were observed. All 3 newborns underwent surgical correction, 2 of them survived.ConclusionThe presence of hydro(metro)colpos warrants a systematically evaluation of fetal and neonatal anatomy to rule out a large variety of possibly associated malformations or syndromes.
F117Hystero‐embryoscopic findings in early nonviable pregnancies
Authors: Ferro J. , Lara C. , Martínez M. C. , Crespo J. , Vidal C. , Remohí J. , Pellicer A. , Serra‐Serra V. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundA high proportion of early pregnancy losses are associated to abnormal embryo development. However, chromosomal analysis of routine curettage samples are of limited value; and histopathological examinations of the embryos are rarely performed in clinical practice.MethodA transcervical hystero‐embryoscopy was performed prior to the curettage in 31 nonviable first‐trimester pregnancies and a control group of 5 early terminations of pregnancy. In the study group, the estimated gestational age according to the ultrasound findings was 6.7 (4–9) menstrual weeks. Direct biopsies of different gestational structures were taken during the endoscopic procedure.ResultsIn nonviable pregnancies, focal haemorrhagic/necrotic changes were present in the decidua capsularis. The collapse of the gestational sac was variable. Most chorionic villi had an oedematous appearance. Degenerative changes of the embryo and yolk sac were not uniform. The following gestational anomalies were identified: partial moles (n = 2), structural abnormal embryos (n = 4), umbilical cord cysts (n = 3) and abnormal yolk sacs (n = 2). Chromosomal analysis of selective chorionic and embryo biopsies identified a misdiagnosis of the curettage sample result in 8 cases.ConclusionHystero‐embryoscopy offers great potential for evaluating early nonviable pregnancies. Accurate karyotypes can be obtained from direct chorionic and embryo biopsies.
F118Placental size and growth in early pregnancy: does it affect birthweight?
Authors: Michailidis G. D. , Papageorgiou P. , Economides D. L. 
Published: March 2003

ObjectivesTo study the influence of placental size and growth from first to mid‐second trimesters on birthweight.Subjects/methodsEighty one pregnant women with a singleton pregnancy were recruited at 11–14 weeks' gestation. For each case we performed three scans of the placenta the first at recruitment and the following two in three weeks intervals. The volume of the placenta was measured at each visit using a three dimensional ultrasound scanner. The information for the birth weight was obtained from the hospital notes. Customised centiles were used to correct birth weight for gestational age at delivery, parity, BMI and ethnic origin.ResultsThe placental growth rate from the first to the early second trimester was associated with birthweight (r = 0.33, P < 0.01) while the growth later in the second trimester was not. The placental volume, corrected for gestational age, at the first trimester (11–14 weeks: r = 0.3, P < 0.01), early second (14 to 17 weeks: r = 0.42, P < 0.01) trimester but not at the mid‐second (17–20 weeks) trimester was correlated with birthweight. The placental growth rate was not related to maternal BMI, or parity.DiscussionThis study demonstrates the influence of early placental development on pregnancy outcome and supports the hypothesis that early pregnancy events can affect the final pregnancy outcome. Our data suggests that placental growth in early pregnancy could be a useful independent predictor of birthweight.
Fetal echocardiography F119Fetal cardiac flow velocity waveforms between 14 and 16 weeks' gestation in normal pregnancies
Authors: Ben‐Ami M. , Perlitz Y. , Peleg D. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to establish normal values for flow velocity waveforms in fetuses at 14–16 weeks' gestation.MethodDoppler waveforms were recorded in 89 normal fetuses at 14–16 weeks' gestation. All scans were performed transvaginally. Peak velocities at E (passive atrial filling) and A (atrial contraction) waves were obtained from tricuspid and mitral flow velocity waveforms. Peak systolic velocities for the ascending aorta and pulmonary artery were also calculated. Linear regression analysis was performed.Results There was no significant correlation between any of the velocities and gestational age.

Velocity(cm/sec)
r
P

Tricuspid valve peak E‐wave velocity
25.3 ± 4.3
0.04
0.74

Tricuspid valve peak A‐wave velocity
42.7 ± 5.7
0.08
0.48

Mitral valve peak E‐wave velocity
23.0 ± 4.1
−0.02
0.84

Mitral valve peak A‐wave velocity
39.9 ± 5.1
0.01
0.94

Aortic peak systolic velocity
38.5 ± 4.8
0.01
0.96

Pulmonary peak systolic velocity
38.6 ± 4.9
−0.14
0.21

ConclusionFetal cardiac function by Doppler waveform analysis remains unchanged between 14 and 16 weeks' gestation in normal pregnancies.
F126Congenital complete atrio‐ventricular (AV) block. Prenatal diagnosis and perinatal outcome
Authors: Muñoz H. , Guerra F. , Hernández I. , Díaz C. , Palominos G. , Nazaretian M. , Puga M. , Villa S. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundThere are two types of complete heart AV block; associated and non associated with congenital heart malformations. The purpose of this work is to describe the ultrasound features and perinatal outcome of cases with prenatal diagnosis of complete AV block.MethodsA descriptive retrospective trial was performed. The AV block criteria were the presence of ventricular cardiac frequencies less than 80 bpm, and atria ventricular dissociation. In normal fetal heart group presence of Ro, Ssa and/or Ssb maternal antibodies were tested.ResultsThirteen cases of complete AV block were identified, 8 with structural malformations and five with normal cardiac structure but with presence of maternal antibodies. The patients average age was 23 years (range: 18–37), the gestational age at diagnosis was 25 weeks (range: 20–30). The ventricular frequency was 52 bpm (range: 42–73) and the atrial frequency was 112 bpm (range: 70–152). The cardiac malformations were present in 8 fetuses and the most frequent were the AV channel and single atria. Mortality in malformations cases was 100% and in those with immunological origin was about 40% (2/5). There were three survivors; two of them needed definitive heart peacemaker.ConclusionThe prognosis in the cases associated to structural malformations was always lethal, nevertheless in immunological origin cases prenatal diagnosis and perinatal management allowed the survival of them.
F129Prenatal diagnosis of conotruncal anomalies: associated defects and chromosomal abnormalities
Authors: Galindo A. , Grañeras A. , Gutiérrez‐Larraya F. , Regojo F. , Carrera M. , De La Fuente P. 
Published: March 2003

AimTo evaluate the incidence, type, associated defects and chromosomal abnormalities of fetuses with conotruncal anomalies (CTA).MethodsRetrospective study of CTA prenatally diagnosed between Jan.1998–May 2000.Results46 CTA was diagnosed and the number of congenital heart defects (CHD) diagnosed in the period reviewed was 154; therefore, CTA accounts for 30% of CHD. In this period there were 13 236 deliveries; thus, incidence of CTA was 3.5% and of CHD was 1.2%. The chromosomal defects (CRD) rate in CTA was 28% (13 cases): 5 CATCH 22, 3 Tr.13 (23%), 2 Tr. 18 (15%), 1 Tr.7 (8%), 1 45XO (8%), 1 triploidy (8%). Associated defects were diagnosed in 17 cases (37%), and 10 of these had a CRD (59%). CTA pernatally diagnosed distribution was as follows: 12 tetraology of fallot (26%), with 4 CRD (33%): 1 Catch 22, 1 Tr.13, 1 Tr.7 and 1 triploidía; 9 double‐outlet right ventricle (20%), with 2 CRD (22%): 2 Tr.18; 8 transposition of great arteries (17%) without CRD; 6 coarctation of aorta (13%), with 1 CRD (17%): 45XO; 6 truncus arteriosus (13%) with 5 CRD (83%): 4 Catch 22 and 1 Tr.13; 4 pulmonary atresia (9%), with 1 Cr (25%): Tr.13 and finally 1 interrupted aortic arch (2%), without CRD. In 4 out of the 5 cases of catch‐22 additional anatomic defects were prenatally observed (80%).ConclusionsCTA accounts for a high number of CHD prenatally diagnosed. Therefore, extended fetal echocardiographic examination is of paramount importance to detect prenatally CTA. Associated defects and chromosomal abnormalities are common. Thus, analysis of fetal karyotype must be performed mainly in cases of tetralogy of Fallot, truncus, arteriousus, double‐outlet right ventricle and pulmonary atresia.
F18Hysterosalpingo contrast sonography in the assessment of tubal patency after ectopic pregnancy treated by methotrexat
Authors: Odeh M. , Priborkin A. , Lebovitz Z. , Degani S. , Oettinger M. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess tubal patency in patients treated by methotrexat for ectopic pregnancy using hysterosalpingo contrast sonography (HyCoSy).MethodPatients that had ectopic pregnancy treated by methotrexat and in whom the pregnancy site was confirmed by ultrasound were included in this study. Echovist contrast medium was used to assess tubal patency. Fallopian tube patency was defined as being the visualization of a steady flow of contrast agent within the fallopian tube and/or the visible contrast spill from the fimbirial end over the ovary. In patients who previously underwent HSG the results were compared.Results135 patients were contacted out of 157 but 28 only reported for the examination. The ectopic pregnancy was localized in the left tube in 14 patients and in the right tube in 14. Twenty‐four patients stated that they are still planing future pregnancies and 4 of them delivered before the examination. Both tubes were patent in 22 (78.6%) patients (5 normal HSG) while 3 (10.7%) had one patent tube in the contralateral side (1 normal HSG) and 1 (3.6%) in the ipsilateral side (1 normal HSG) and 2 (7.1%) had both tubes occluded (no HSG). The examination was completed in all patients and 6 reported on severe pain and 14 on mild discomfort.ConclusionOur results match the tubal patency rate reported in this group of patients using HSG and we think HyCoSy may replace HSG in the majority of these cases.
F19The use of color Doppler ultrasound in conservative menagement of ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Bauman R. , Kupesc S. , Hafner T. , Stilinovic K. , Ilijas M. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundUp to 20% of all patients with ectopic pregnancies located in the ampullary part of the tube could be treated by expectant menagement. Conservative treatment with MTX is a method of choice in cases of cervical or cornual pregnancy. Serum values of ßhCG are commonly used as an indirect indicator of trophoblastic proliferative activity. The aim of this study is to establish the value of color Doppler ultrasound in conservative menagement of ectopic pregnancies.MethodAll patients with ectopic pregnancies that have been treated conservatively in our Department had serial ßhCG measurements and color Doppler examinations.ResultsFrom January 1998. to December 1999. total of 21 patient with ectopic pregnancy had expectant menagement. Spontaneous resolution occurred in 15 patients and in 6 patients we had to perform laparoscopy. One patient with cornual pregnancy and one patient with cervical pregnancy were successfully treated with MTX. In all patients color Doppler findings could be correlated with serum ßhCG values.ConclusionColor Doppler ultrasound can be used in addiction to hormone asseys in order to follow the resolution of ectopic pregnancies treated expectantly or with MTX.
Miscellaneous F20Sonographic tissue characterization based on the parameters derived from computerized processing of gray level data
Authors: Leibovitz Z. , Degani S. , Shapiro I. , Ohel G. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundSonographic tissue characterization is a relatively weak arm of ultrasound diagnosis. There is a great influence of the sonographic machine setup on the B‐mode gray level appearance of the ultrasound image. Various ultrasound artefacts can produce significant changes in brightness setting of the details in sonographic pictures. Nevertheless, in certain situations, the ability to specify the sonographic texture of the tissues may reveal interesting information.MethodWe present measurable parameters for the specification of the ‘homogenicity’ of the sonographic texture of the scanned tissue. These parameters are derived from the computerized image processing. The processing includes selection of the region of interest, which is related to the specific tissue in the image plane and distribution analysis of the gray level of pixels within the selected region.ResultsAn implication of this algorithm is demonstrated by texture analysis of the different fetal choroid plexus images as they appear in early anatomical scans (15–17 weeks).Of the effects of B‐mode presets – the dynamic range and rejection level had most significant impact on the texture appearance in view of the studied parameters.There was good correlation between the subjective perception of the tissue homogenicity and the computer analysis results.ConclusionThe proposed texture parameters may lead to the new approach for the sonographic tissue characterization. These parameters may be used for the standardization of ultrasound machine setups as well.
F26Reproductive outcomes in women with arcuate and subseptate uteri
Authors: Wölfer B. , Lawrence A. C. , Elson J. , Jurkovic D. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundThe effect of congenital uterine anomalies on reproductive performance is uncertain. The aim of this study to correlate uterine morphology with past reproductive outcomes in a large group of women with no history of infertility or recurrent pregnancy loss.MethodIn a period of three years 1028 women were recruited into the study. A detailed history of past pregnancies was obtained first, followed by transvaginal three‐dimensional ultrasound examination. The uterus was classified as being normal, arcuate or subseptate after the examination of uterine morphology in the coronal reformatted section. Uterine anomalies were classified according to the American Fertility Society classification and the degree of uterine cavity distortion was measured.Results884 women had a normal uterus, 72 arcuate and 29 subseptate uteri. In the past they had total of 1944 pregnancies. The risk of miscarriage was significantly increased in both women with arcuate (OR = 1.9; 95% CI 1.1–3.5) and subseptate uteri (OR = 5.8; 95% CI 3.4–10.1) compared to those with normal uterine morphology. There was no correlation between the depth of uterine septum and the risk of miscarriage.ConclusionMiscarriage is significantly more frequent in women with arcuate and subseptate uterus. Further research is needed to assess potential benefits of surgical treatment in these cases.
F31Implementation of nuchal translucency screening in the Dutch prenatal care system: evaluation of screening performance and acceptance
Authors: Müller M. A. , Bonsel G. J. , Bleker O. P. , Bilardo C. M. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine the performance of nuchal translucency screening and its uptake in a low‐risk populationMethodFor a period of 18 months all women attending midwife practices of two health regions were informed on the possibility of having nuchal translucency screening for Down's syndrome. Reasons for opting in or out were recorded and nuchal translucency measurement was performed on request. A risk of more than 1:200, based on gestational age, maternal age and NT, was used as cut‐off for increased risk.Preliminary resultsscreening was offered to 6000 pregnant women, of which 83% accepted (n = 4980). The main reason for declining the screening was not considering termination in case of an affected pregnancy. NT measurement failed in 179 cases (3.6%), mainly because of a gestational age of more than 14 weeks or because of a non viable pregnancy at ultrasound. Of the 4801 women in whom NT measurement was performed, 1.4% had an increased risk. Of these 40% were found to have a chromosomal anomaly and in 4% a structural defect was diagnosed at subsequent scans. In total an unfavourable outcome was recorded in 48% of cases with increased risk.ConclusionWomen of all ages accept nuchal translucency screening. This is an effective screening method for chromosomal abnormalities with a low false positive‐rate.