bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Call to Analyze Sex, Gender, and Sexual Orientation in Psychopathology Research: An Illustration with ADHD and Internalizing Symptoms in Emerging Adults
Authors: Hartung Cynthia M. , Lefler Elizabeth K. , Abu-Ramadan Tamara M. , Stevens Anne E. , Serrano Judah W. , Miller Emily A. , Shelton Christopher R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We have historically ignored sex/gender and conducted sex- and gender-neutral psychopathology research. There is a clear need to analyze potential differences and similarities between individuals with various sexes, genders, and sexual orientations in psychopathology research. Specifically, we need to stop ignoring sex, gender, and sexual orientation, conduct analyses that go beyond the binary, and analyze these important variables for generalizability even when the primary research question is not about sex, gender, and sexual orientation. In the current study we examined ADHD and internalizing symptoms in a community sample to compare different ways to analyze data and better understand differences and similarities across groups. We predicted that a richer understanding of sex/gender differences would emerge when we compared sex and gender minority (SGM) participants to cisgender heterosexual women (CHW) and men (CHM) rather than conducting binary analyses. Emerging adults (N = 2,938; ages 18–29 years) completed an online survey, responding to demographic items, as well as ADHD and internalizing symptoms. Binary analyses using biological sex and gender identity yielded no differences in ADHD symptoms, and the expected female preponderance in internalizing symptoms. However, when analyzed across three groups, individuals in the SGM group reported higher levels of ADHD and internalizing symptoms compared with the other two groups. Notably, no differences emerged for internalizing symptoms across CHW and CHM when the SGM group was included. This is compelling evidence that analyzing sex, gender, and sexual orientation more systematically and precisely in psychopathology research is warranted.
Electrochemical Determination of Capsaicin at A Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes/CuO Nanocomposite Modified Platinum Electrode
Authors: Pooe Onkarabile G. , Elugoke Saheed E. , Uwaya Gloria E. , Fayemi Omolola E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Herein, electrochemical detection of capsaicin (CAP) in sauce and rub samples at a Pt electrode modified with copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) incorporated with functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) was reported. The spectroscopic and microscopic characterization of CuO NPs, fMWCNTs and CuO/fMWCNTs nanocomposite with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectroscopy confirmed that CuO/fMWCNTs was prepared from the nanomaterials. Electrochemical characterization of the bare Pt, the fMWCNTs-modified Pt, the CuO NP-modified Pt (Pt-CuO) and the CuO/fMWCNTs composite modified Pt (Pt-CuO/fMWCNTs) electrodes revealed that the Pt-CuO/fMWCNTs exhibited the best electron transfer capabilities. The limit of detection (LOD) and the linear range of CAP at Pt-CuO/fMWCNTs were 0.0881 and 0.357–2.73 µM, respectively. The proposed sensor offered outstanding percentage recovery of 106 and 102% when applied to the electroanalysis of CAP in spiked sauce and rub samples, respectively. Pt-CuO/fMWCNTs also retained about 88% of its initial current response when subjected to 25 cyclic voltammetry (CV) scans in the presence of CAP.
Unlocking Success: The Benefits of Utilizing the School Librarian Evaluation Instrument
Authors: Hill D. Laverne , Morin Heather , Frilot Holly , Fiester Herb , Nobles Kathy D. , Dreger Kelly C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Exemplary public school library programs need to have measures in place to determine overall effectiveness. The quality of the school library program is dependent on the effectiveness of the school librarian. Given the uncertainty of the role of school librarians and the inadequacy of evaluations for them, we present a practical solution for these issues in the form of the School Librarian Evaluation Instrument (SLEI). Administrators from 11 schools implemented the SLEI to change the dynamics of their school library programs and improve the performance of school librarians. The research team reviewed relevant standards, work samples and perceptions of administrators to determine strengths of the SLEI. Data from the self-assessment and the formative and summative forms indicated the SLEI provided the necessary guidance, alignment, versatility and outcomes that administrators were looking for to produce transformative, comprehensive changes to their programs. Substantive, standardized feedback was given to the participating school librarians in order to facilitate improvements over time. The findings of this action research study are of interest to those who want to know how to improve school library programs in U.S. schools as well as leadership opportunities of school librarians.
Multi-modal dataset creation for federated learning with DICOM-structured reports
Authors: Tölle Malte , Burger Lukas , Kelm Halvar , André Florian , Bannas Peter , Diller Gerhard , Frey Norbert , Garthe Philipp , Groß Stefan , Hennemuth Anja , Kaderali Lars , Krüger Nina , Leha Andreas , Martin Simon , Meyer Alexander , Nagel Eike , Orwat Stefan , Scherer Clemens , Seiffert Moritz , Seliger Jan Moritz , Simm Stefan , Friede Tim , Seidler Tim , Engelhardt Sandy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose Federated training is often challenging on heterogeneous datasets due to divergent data storage options, inconsistent naming schemes, varied annotation procedures, and disparities in label quality. This is particularly evident in the emerging multi-modal learning paradigms, where dataset harmonization including a uniform data representation and filtering options are of paramount importance.

Methods DICOM-structured reports enable the standardized linkage of arbitrary information beyond the imaging domain and can be used within Python deep learning pipelines with . Building on this, we developed an open platform for data integration with interactive filtering capabilities, thereby simplifying the process of creation of patient cohorts over several sites with consistent multi-modal data.

Results In this study, we extend our prior work by showing its applicability to more and divergent data types, as well as streamlining datasets for federated training within an established consortium of eight university hospitals in Germany. We prove its concurrent filtering ability by creating harmonized multi-modal datasets across all locations for predicting the outcome after minimally invasive heart valve replacement. The data include imaging and waveform data (i.e., computed tomography images, electrocardiography scans) as well as annotations (i.e., calcification segmentations, and pointsets), and metadata (i.e., prostheses and pacemaker dependency).

Conclusion Structured reports bridge the traditional gap between imaging systems and information systems. Utilizing the inherent DICOM reference system arbitrary data types can be queried concurrently to create meaningful cohorts for multi-centric data analysis. The graphical interface as well as example structured report templates are available at https://github.com/Cardio-AI/fl-multi-modal-dataset-creation.
Obstacles to in-service Chinese high school mathematics teachers’ implementation of mathematical modelling in classrooms: an empirical investigation of teachers’ perspectives
Authors: Yang Xinrong , Li Xiaoshuang , Deng Zhuojun , Kaiser Gabriele 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This mixed-method study uses interviews and an online questionnaire to investigate the obstacles that hinder teachers’ implementation of mathematical modelling in everyday classrooms in China. Thirty high school mathematics teachers were interviewed, and 200 teachers completed an online questionnaire regarding their perceived obstacles. We identified six critical obstacle groups: missed opportunities to learn mathematical modelling education in professional development and/or teacher education; students’ lack of knowledge and interests; lack of examples in textbooks; lack of suitable teaching materials; non-favourable curricula tradition and school policies; and a strong traditional focus on examination culture. The obstacles identified and their relationship to and role in current in-service teachers’ practices are explored and interpreted from a sociocultural perspective considering, among other factors, the significance of central examinations in China and the historical prevalence of pure, structurally oriented mathematics in school.
Significant Wave Height Cluster Analysis to Understand the Spatial Variation of Ocean Waves in Low Energy Systems
Authors: Baghbani Ramin , Linhoss Anna , Osorio Raúl J. , Shahidzadehasadi Mehrzad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Understanding spatial variation in ocean waves is critical for erosion planning and infrastructure projects. The study is aimed at (1) performing a cluster analysis to categorize the wave statistics over space and (2) determining the important drivers affecting spatial variations of wave statistics in a low energy, fetch limited environment. In this study, 29 wave gauges were deployed in Back Bay Biloxi, Mississippi. Raw pressure and processed wave height were clustered using two algorithms: Euclidian and Dynamic Time Warping. The Euclidean algorithm was applied to raw and processed data. However, due to the computationally expensive nature of Dynamic Time Warping, this algorithm could not be used on raw pressure data and was only applied to processed wave data. Therefore, three combinations of distance algorithms and data were compared: (1) Euclidean algorithm on raw pressure data, (2) Euclidean algorithm on processed wave height data, and (3) Dynamic Time Warping algorithm on processed wave height data. The results showed similar clustering for Euclidean and Dynamic Time Warping on processed data, with most gauges falling into one cluster. Results from this study reveal that the dendrogram trees of the Euclidean and Dynamic Time Warping algorithms on processed data are similar, where most of the wave gauges fall in one cluster. Conversely, the Euclidian algorithm on the raw pressure data distributed the wave gauges more evenly between the clusters. Additionally, the Euclidean algorithm on the raw pressure data showed that water depth significantly affects wave clustering.
Water-soluble dye staining of the flap nutrient artery and its perforator branch in cadavers embalmed using saturated salt solution and urea methods: does demonstration using a dye-stained cadaver increase a trainee’s level of skill acquisition?
Authors: Araki Yutaro , Oda Yuzuka , Kitagawa Mikitaka , Aoki Kohei , Komiya Takako , Kikuchi Mamoru , Shirai Takayuki , Kawata Shinichi , Itoh Masahiro , Matsumura Hajime 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cadaveric surgical training (CST) can safely improve surgical skill. Recently, various innovations have made surgical training more realistic. Saturated salt solution (SSS) and urea methods are useful for plastic surgery training, because they better preserve the color and texture of soft tissues than formalin fixation (FA). Microvessels are invisible to the naked eye, and in this study, we visualized skin perforators by injecting dye into the flaps of nutrient vessels during hand and foot surgery. During each CST session, the instructor used three cadavers for demonstration. From 2017 to 2021, these cadavers were not stained, whereas from 2022 to 2023, the cadavers were stained to enhance the visualization of nutrient and perforating vessels. We compared the self-rated skill gains of participants who observed demonstrations on unstained cadavers from 2017 to 2021 and participants who observed demonstrations on stained cadavers from 2022 to 2023. Among 36 participants from the 2022–2023 group, 28 rated the staining of nutrient vessels and perforating branches as adequate. Of 32 participants, 29 preferred the use of dyed cadavers during training. Trainee skill increase for the digital artery flap, reverse digital artery flap, and dorsal metacarpal artery perforator flap was significantly higher in 2022–2023 (with stained cadavers) than in the earlier course without stained cadavers. SSS-fixed and urea-treated cadavers combined with vascular staining may be useful training models for flap elevation.
The Impact of Composition on the Photoelectrochemical Performance of Molybdenum-Modified Tungsten Oxide in Acidic Media
Authors: Sharma Lalita , Minhová Macounová Kateřina , Nebel Roman , Krtil Petr 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The efficiency of photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is considerably controlled by the recombination of photogenerated electron/hole charge carriers at the interface. Herein, the correlation between composition and photoelectrochemical activity is studied by utilizing molybdenum-modified tungsten oxide electrodes. Molybdenum tungsten mixed oxides (Mo
x
W1−x
O3) were synthesized by spray-freeze/freeze-drying approach by varying x from 0 to 1 and studied as a photoanode. The structural changes after Mo substitution in tungsten oxide (Mo
x
W1−x
O3; 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) were observed as a function of the composition. In binary oxides, monoclinic structure (ℽ-phase) was observed until Mo substitution (x) reached 0.2. A coexistence of both monoclinic and orthorhombic phases was observed for x varying from 0.2 to 0.8. All synthesized n-semiconducting materials were photoelectrochemically active in water splitting under the acidic condition of HClO4. The highest PEC activity was observed for the sample with low Mo content (x = 0.05) for which the narrowest band gap was determined. The overall activity decrease encountered for Mo-rich materials can be related to a higher tendency to photoinduced proton insertion facilitated by rhombohedral structure. The insight into the mechanism was determined by differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS). Oxygen (m/z 32) and hydrogen peroxide (m/z 34) were identified as main products. The material with small variation in compositions (x = 0.05) significantly influenced catalytic activity and selectivity, highlighting the importance of the material’s design.

Graphical Abstract
A Reductive Account of Mindfulness as Metacognitive Control
Authors: Lange Victor 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mindfulness is a large research field, involving disciplines such as philosophy, cognitive psychology, psychiatry, neuroscience, and Buddhist studies. Despite this widespread interest, one question remains unanswered: Is there a psychological capacity that is essential to mindfulness and which demarcates mindfulness from most other mental activities? The most promising idea is that mindfulness is a special form of metacognitive control. Yet, I argue that current proposals on how to conceptualize such metacognitive control fail. Instead, I propose a novel account of the metacognitive control of mindfulness, drawing on the idea of so-called metacognitive goals. This account allows us to make sense of the explicit self-awareness and self-regulation involved in mindfulness and to separate mindfulness from exercises of more ordinary cognitive control. According to this account, metacognitive control is only a necessary and not a sufficient condition for mindfulness. Finally, I argue that the account motivates two theses on the nature of mindfulness, namely that we can reduce the metacognitive control of mindfulness to other psychological capacities and that this control is a form of mental action.
Exploring the mediating role of the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) in the association between obesity and sleep-disordered breathing
Authors: Cui Ying , Cheng Ziyi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Exploring novel mediators affecting the relationship between obesity and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is necessary. This study aimed to explore the mediating role of the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) in the association between body mass index (BMI) and SDB using data from the 2015–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles.

Methods
Total 7639 participants were included. SDB was defined based on the self-reported frequency of snoring, snorting, or excessive daytime sleepiness. The BMI and NHHR were calculated based on height and weight measurements and laboratory data, respectively. Weighted multivariate logistic and linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was used to assess dose–response relationships. Mediation analysis was performed to evaluate the NHHR’s role in the BMI–SDB association. Subgroup analyses were performed to assess differences across various populations.

Results
SDB symptoms were observed in 51.05% of participants. Higher BMI was significantly associated with increased SDB risk. RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear relationship between BMI and SDB. Subgroup analyses indicated a positive correlation between BMI and SDB was stronger among nonhypertensive participants. NHHR was positively associated with BMI and SDB. Mediation analysis showed that the NHHR explained 5.44–8.12% of the BMI–SDB association.

Conclusions
BMI is a critical factor in the risk of SDB, and the NHHR partially mediates this relationship. BMI and cholesterol levels should be managed to mitigate the SDB risk.

Level of evidence
Level V—cross-sectional observational study.
Effect of keyhole and lack-of-fusion pores on the anisotropic microstructure and mechanical properties of PBF-LB/M-produced CuCrZr alloy
Authors: Beygi Nasrabadi Hossein , Klotz Ulrich E. , Tiberto Dario , Vafaeenezhad Hossein , Mishurova Tatiana , Skrotzki Birgit 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Due to the high reflectance and heat conductivity of copper and its alloys, the processing window for laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) processing of high-density copper components fundamentally overlaps with conduction and keyhole melting zones, resulting in the emergence of certain pores in the structure of printed parts. The present research aims to study how the development of process-induced lack-of-fusion or keyhole porosities during the PBF-LB/M process can affect the anisotropic microstructure and mechanical properties of the produced copper alloys. For this purpose, several samples were produced utilizing a similar CuCrZr-feedstock composition but varied process parameters from different areas of the PBF-LB/M processing window, specifically at laser powers of 300 W and 380 W which define the boarders of the conduction and keyhole regimes. X-ray computed tomography (XCT) revealed that the 300-W and 380-W samples achieved relative densities of 98.88% and 99.99%, respectively, with elongated lack-of-fusion pores forming at 300 W and semi-spherical keyhole pores at 380 W. Microstructural analyses employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) demonstrated strong anisotropy in different build directions of the samples, owing to the growth of long columnar grains with intense < 101 > orientation along the build directions. Here, the emergence of different types of pores can cause competition between the epitaxial growth of columnar grains and the heterogeneous nucleation of new grains on the layers’ interfaces, thereby significantly varying the grain size, preferred orientation, crystallographic texture, and microstructural anisotropy of the samples. Furthermore, compression tests and nanoindentation measurements of the printed alloys in the longitudinal and transverse directions revealed that the 300 W and 380 W samples exhibited compressive strength anisotropies of 0.061 and 0.072, and average nanoindentation hardness values of 1.3 GPa and 1.5 GPa, respectively. The orientation of elongated lack-of-fusion porosities perpendicular to the loading axis was identified as the most damaging factor, significantly reducing mechanical performance compared to the uniformly distributed keyhole pores.
Hungarian university students’ perceptions of plagiarism
Authors: Fajt Balázs , Schiller Emese 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Academic dishonesty and plagiarism have been a serious problem worldwide in academia. This study examines Hungarian university students’ attitudes towards and perceptions about plagiarism in higher education, utilizing the quantitative research paradigm (n = 607). The paper investigates the potential significant differences in terms of gender, scholarship status, employment, note-taking habits, academic aspirations, and the importance of meeting teachers’ expectations. The findings indicate that males, non-working students, and those focused on good grades are more likely to justify plagiarism and perceive its severity differently. Correlations among these scales and background variables were also analysed. The answers to open-ended questions yielded themes such as the complexity of plagiarism rules, fear of severe penalties, and the need for better education and awareness. The pedagogical implications of the study are the importance of nuanced approaches to address academic dishonesty, suggesting tailored educational interventions and clearer guidelines to mitigate plagiarism.
Assessment of Blood Pressure Control Status Among Hypertensive Patients Attending Rwandan District Hospital NCD Clinics: A Retrospective Follow-Up Study
Authors: Ntaganda Evariste , El-Khatib Ziad , Mugeni Regine , Nsengiyumva Boniface , Musanabaganwa Clarisse , Gafirita James , Uwinkindi Francois , Kalisa Richard 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Hypertension is a major public health issue and a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We assessed blood pressure (BP) control among adult hypertensive patients attending non-communicable disease (NCD) clinics in five Rwandan district hospitals.

Methods
We extracted data on hypertensive management from five Rwandan district hospitals from June 2016 to August 2021. BP control was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) < 90 mmHg measured within the last four months. We performed statistical analysis using chi-square tests and multivariate regression analyses with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
Blood pressure control was achieved in 41.5% of hypertensive patients (n = 438/1,055). The majority were aged > 60 years (mean age 62; n = 663/1,055; 62.8%), and women, with approximately three-quarters of patients (n = 796/1,055; 75.5%) had a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 Kg/m2 and the majority (n = 843/1,055; 79.9%) resided in rural districts. More than half (n = 585/1,055; 55.5%) were taking two antihypertensive medications. Factors significantly associated with uncontrolled BP included BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (p < 0.001), use of Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (p = 0.01), use of four antihypertensive drugs (p = 0.013), and missing an NCD clinic appointment (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
BP control rates among hypertensive patients attending NCD clinics remain low. Strengthening patient counseling, encouraging physical activity, and improving medication adherence are critical. Building the capacity of healthcare staff at both hospital and health centre levels is vital to improving hypertension management in NCD clinics.