bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the experiences of cognitive symptoms in Long COVID: a mixed-methods study in the UK
Authors: Miller Amy , Song Ning , Sivan Manoj , Chowdhury Rumana , Burke Melanie Rose 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo explore the lived experiences and extent of cognitive symptoms in Long COVID (LC) in a UK-based sample.DesignThis study implemented a mixed-methods design. Eight focus groups were conducted to collect qualitative data, and the Framework Analysis was used to reveal the experiences and impact of cognitive symptoms. A self-report questionnaire was used to collect the quantitative data to assess the perceived change and extent of symptomology post COVID-19.SettingFocus groups were conducted in April 2023 online via Zoom and in-person at the University of Leeds, UK.Participants25 people with LC living in the UK participated in the study. Participants were aged 19–76 years (M=43.6 years, SD=14.7) and included 17 women and 8 men.ResultsReduced cognitive ability was among the most prevalent symptoms reported by the study participants. Three key themes were identified from the qualitative data: (1) rich accounts of cognitive symptoms; (2) the impact on physical function and psychological well-being and (3) symptom management. Descriptions of cognitive symptoms included impairments in memory, attention, language, executive function and processing speed. Cognitive symptoms had a profound impact on physical functioning and psychological well-being, including reduced ability to work and complete activities of daily living. Strategies used for symptom management varied in effectiveness.ConclusionCognitive dysfunction in LC appears to be exacerbated by vicious cycle of withdrawal from daily life including loss of employment, physical inactivity and social isolation driving low mood, anxiety and poor cognitive functioning. Previous evidence has revealed the anatomical and physiological biomarkers in the brain affecting cognition in LC. To synthesise these contributing factors, we propose the Long-COVID Interacting Network of factors affecting Cognitive Symptoms. This framework is designed to inform clinicians and researchers to take a comprehensive approach towards LC rehabilitation, targeting the neural, individual and lifestyle factors.
Predicting preventive self-care behaviours among type 2 diabetes based on the health belief model in Bandar Abbas city: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Darvishi Arezu , Hassani Laleh , Mohseni Shokrollah , Shahabi Nahid 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesIt is essential to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through self-care behaviours and to ascertain the predictors of correct health training for the control of diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive role of the constructs of the health belief model in encouraging T2DM to adopt self-care behaviours in Bandar Abbas city.DesignThis cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 in Bandar Abbas.ParticipantsParticipants were 246 patients with T2DM referring to six comprehensive healthcare centres in Bandar Abbas city. They were enrolled using the accessible sampling method and were requested to complete a questionnaire.ResultsThe results of the present study indicated that the health belief model could explain 50.73% of the variance in patients with T2DM’s self-care behaviours. Among the constructs of the health belief model, the constructs of self-efficacy (52.4%), perceived barriers (38.8%) and perceived susceptibility (34.9%) best predicted the adherence of patients to self-care behaviours, suggesting that these constructs can be considered to improve self-care behaviours in patients with T2DM.ConclusionsAccording to the results of this study, the health belief model can be a suitable and effective tool for predicting self-care behaviours in patients with T2DM. There was a statistically significant correlation was found between self-care behaviours and all the constructs except perceived barriers. Considering the positive effects of the health belief model in improving the self-care of patients with type 2 diabetes, it is suggested to use this model in planning interventions to improve self-care in other diseases affected by lifestyle-based behaviour.
Novel B7-H3 CAR T cells show potent antitumor effects in glioblastoma: a preclinical study
Authors: Inthanachai Thananya , Boonkrai Chatikorn , Phakham Tanapati , Pisitkun Trairak , Thaiwong Rattapoom , Chuthaphakdikun Vichaya , Sakunrangsit Nithidol , Limprasutr Vudhiporn , Chinsuwan Thanyavi , Hirankarn Nattiya , Suppipat Koramit , Watanabe Norihiro , Tawinwung Supannikar 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundB7 homolog 3 (B7-H3), an overexpressed antigen across multiple solid cancers, represents a promising target for CAR T cell therapy. This study investigated the expression of B7-H3 across various solid tumors and developed novel monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting B7-H3 for CAR T cell therapy.MethodsExpression of B7-H3 across various solid tumors was evaluated using RNA-seq data from TCGA, TARGET, and GTEx datasets and by flow cytometry staining. B7-H3-specific mAbs were developed by immunizing mice with human B7-H3, screening with ELISA, and analyzing kinetics with surface plasmon resonance. These mAbs were used to create second-generation CAR constructs, which were evaluated in vitro and in vivo for their antitumor function.ResultsWe identified four mAb clones from immunized mice, with three demonstrating high specificity and affinity. The second-generation B7-H3 CAR T cells derived from these mAbs exhibited robust cytotoxicity against B7-H3-positive targets and successfully infiltrated and eliminated tumor spheroids in vitro. In a xenograft mouse model of glioblastoma, these CAR T cells, particularly those derived from clone A2H4, eradicated the primary tumor, and effectively controlled rechallenge tumor, resulting in prolonged survival of the xenograft mice. In vivo T cell trafficking revealed high accumulation and persistence of A2H4-derived CAR T cells at the tumor site.ConclusionsOur results provide novel B7-H3-targeted CAR T cells with high efficacy, paving the way for clinical translation of solid tumor treatment.
Impact of microgeography on communication dynamics in a healthcare environment
Authors: Chown Jillian , Rey-McIntyre Katrina , Kim John , Purdie Thomas G. , Dickie Colleen , Tsang Richard , Tsang Yat , Seuntjens Jan , Liu Fei-Fei , Liu Christopher C. 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundFor growing healthcare organisations, anchored resources—assets that are not easily movable—may complicate expansion and distort workflow patterns. We examine work patterns at a radiation oncology department of a major Canadian hospital. As this department doubled its size, healthcare providers remained bound to treatment planning rooms and radiation machines at the original site. This study examines workplace communication and interactions before and after the expansion.MethodsWe conducted regression analyses using a unique dataset merging email communications, badge swipes, office locations and organisation charts for individuals that routinely use the treatment planning room (n=232). We use a difference-in-differences framework to compare individuals’ behaviours before and after the expansion. Our dependent variables were how often individuals accessed the treatment planning room and email volumes between two individuals.FindingsWe find an overall decrease in the use of the treatment planning room, though the effect was larger for those that moved away from it. Further, we find an increase in email communication for dyads of individuals separated in the move, but only if they belonged to different departments.Practical implicationsOur research points to complex interdependencies among healthcare providers, shedding light on how hospital expansion may have unintended consequences. Healthcare leaders should acknowledge that interaction patterns will be affected when healthcare providers are separated from each other or from anchored resources. Shifting to remote interactions may be adequate in some instances; in others, it may negatively affect work outcomes as well as the engagement and satisfaction of providers and patients.
Constructing stellar solutions with spherical symmetry through quadratic anisotropy in f(Q) gravity
Authors: Kumar R. , Maurya S. K. , Errehymy A. , Jaiswal A. , Myrzakulov K. , Sharma S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article examines anisotropic models to characterize compact stars (CSs) in the context of modified f(Q) gravity theory. To achieve this, we employ the linear functional form

$$f(Q) = \alpha Q + \beta $$

f
(
Q
)
=
α
Q
+
β

. A physically meaningful metric potential

$$g_{rr}$$

g

rr

is considered, and a quadratic form of anisotropy is utilized to solve the Einstein field equations in closed form. This class of solutions is then applied to characterize observed pulsars from various perspectives. In the scope of f(Q) gravity, we address the Darmois–Israel junction requirements to guarantee a smooth matching of the inner metric with the external metric (Schwarzschild (Anti-) de Sitter solution) at the boundary hypersurface. By applying these junction conditions, we determine the model parameters involved in the solutions. Additionally, this study evaluates the physical viability and dynamical stability of the solution for different values of the f(Q)-parameter

$$\alpha $$

α

within the compact star (CS). The mass–radius relationships associated with observational constraints are analyzed for several compact stars, including Vela X-1, PSR J1614-2230, and PSR J0952-0607. The investigation indicates that the estimated radius of the compact object PSR J0952-0607, with mass

$$2.35 \pm 0.17~M_\odot $$

2.35
±
0.17

M
⊙

, is around

$$15.79^{+0.05}_{-0.09}$$

15
.

79

-
0.09

+
0.05

km for a particular parameter value of

$$\alpha = 2.0$$

α
=
2.0

, and the moment of inertia for the de Sitter space is determined as

$$4.31 \times 10^{45}~\textrm{g}~\textrm{cm}^2$$

4.31
×

10
45

g

cm
2

. The

$$I-M$$

I
-
M

curve shows greater sensitivity to the stiffness of the equation of state than the

$$M-R$$

M
-
R

curve, reinforcing our conclusion about the

$$I-M$$

I
-
M

framework’s responsiveness. Finally, we predicted the corresponding radii and moments of inertia for various values of

$$\alpha $$

α

based on the

$$M-R$$

M
-
R

and

$$M-I$$

M
-
I

curves.
Phase structure and optical properties of the de Sitter Spacetime with KR field based on the Lyapunov exponent
Authors: Du Yun-Zhi , Li Huai-Fan , Ma Yu-Bo , Gu Qiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Since the spontaneously broken of the Lorentz symmetry in the gravity theory with the non-minimally coupling between the Kalb–Ramond (KR) field (that acquires a nonzero vacuum expectation value) and the Einstein gravity, there exists the exactly static and spherically symmetric black holes solutions related with the Lorentz violating parameter. Based on this, we consider the corresponding black hole solution in the de-Sitter (dS) spacetime with the KR field and investigate the thermodynamic properties in the expanded phase space through introducing the interplay entropy between the black hole and cosmological horizons. Especially we analyze the effect of the Lorentz-violating parameter on the thermodynamic properties. Furthermore, the Lyapunov exponent and the shadow of these static and spherically symmetric black holes in this Lorentz-violating gravity theory are also investigated. These study will open a new perspective to probe the thermodynamics of black holes.
The revival of $$U(1)_{L_e-L_{\mu }}$$: a natural solution for $$(g-2)_{\mu }$$ with a sub-GeV dark matter
Authors: De Bibhabasu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The experiments searching for a hidden gauge sector with a leptophilic neutral gauge boson have already ruled out

$$U(1)_{L_e-L_\mu }$$

U

(
1
)

L
e

-

L
μ

as a feasible extension of the Standard Model (SM) gauge group

$$({\mathscr {G}}_{\textrm{SM}})$$

(

G
SM

)

for explaining the observed discrepancy in

$$(g-2)_\mu .$$

(
g
-
2
)

μ

.

The paper proposes a simple extension of the minimal particle content of

$${\mathscr {G}}_{\textrm{SM}}\otimes U(1)_{L_e-L_\mu }$$

G
SM

⊗
U

(
1
)

L
e

-

L
μ

with a TeV-scale scalar leptoquark

$$S_1.$$

S
1

.

Due to the non-trivial transformation of

$$S_1$$

S
1

under

$$U(1)_{L_e-L_\mu },$$

U

(
1
)

L
e

-

L
μ

,

the model generates additional one-loop contributions to

$$(g-2)_\mu ,$$

(
g
-
2
)

μ

,

reviving the considered gauge extension within the experimentally allowed regions of the parameter space. The model can also accommodate a viable Dark Matter (DM) candidate

$$\chi $$

χ

– a vector-like SM-singlet fermion in the sub-GeV mass regime. The theory provides a natural framework to test the proposed DM phenomenology through electron excitation signals. Moreover, the DM-specific observables and

$$(g-2)_\mu $$

(
g
-
2
)

μ

being connected through the New Physics (NP) parameters, the future beam dump experiments hunting for light, feebly interacting particles and the DM direct detection experiments are complementary to each other for constraining/falsifying the model.
Characterization of the triphenylmethane dye (Patent Blue V)-modified Al/p-Si diode
Authors: Ozaydin C. , Sunkur M. , Gullu O. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The sol-gel spin coating method, an easily applicable, low-temperature, and inexpensive method, was used to grow Patent Blue V (PBV) organic thin films placed between metal and semiconductor. Atomic force microscope images were taken to reveal the morphological structure of the resulting organic film. FTIR, NMR, and UV-Vis measurements were taken to investigate the chemical features and optical structure of the PBV molecule. Using the traditional I-V, Cheung, and Norde methods of the produced Al/PBV/p-Si diode structure, ideality factor (n), barrier height (Φb), series resistance (R
s), and interfacial density of states (N
ss) parameters were calculated. The differences between the results obtained with these methods arise from calculating the I-V characteristic of the methods from different regions. The ideality value of n for the produced diodes is much greater than one (n >  > 1). Deviating the calculated n value from 1 indicates possible mechanisms, such as generation-recombination effect, organic PBV layer, and interfacial states. It was observed that the electronic parameters of the Al/p-Si conventional junction can be controlled using an organic PBV interlayer.

Graphical abstract
Systematic Review of Methods for Individual Prediction of Postoperative Pain
Authors: Mogianos Krister , Åkeson Jonas , Persson Anna K. M. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Acute postoperative pain is a common problem in clinical practice and merits attention considering its potential long‐term adverse effects. This systematic review covers current knowledge on methods for individual prediction of postoperative pain.Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases for original studies with adult patients published in English between 2016 and 2022. Inclusion required assessment of risk factors preoperatively and assessment of postoperative pain. No reviews, meta‐analyses, or study protocols were included, nor studies with outcomes other than pain or where risk factor analysis was not performed preoperatively. A two peer‐reviewed system was utilized using the screening and data collection tool Covidence, with a focus on new tools for preoperative pain prediction. The results were only analyzed qualitatively.Results: The search yielded 1950 abstracts to be screened. In total, 208 articles were subjected to full‐text review, and 107 articles were included in the data synthesis of this review. The evaluated scientific methods were grouped and analyzed separately. Psychometric questionnaires and methods for quantitative sensory testing are still being studied. New methods proposed include the evaluation of pain induced by tourniquet inflation, venous cannulation, or pin‐prick stimulation, the analgesia/nociception index, electroencephalographic recording, and other new equipment developed for this purpose.Conclusion: Various screening methods have been proposed to identify patients prone to postoperative pain. The focus has shifted from procedure‐specific to individualized strategies to improve early management of pain. However, many traditional predictive methods still have a questionable role in clinical practice.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: CRD42022298479
Abstract A002: Flash proton re-irradiation and hypofractionation alleviate radiation-induced toxicity of the head and neck tissues in mice
Authors: Chowdhury Priyanka , Morcos George , Kim Michele , Lin Yuewei , Qin Ling , Metz James , Lin Alexander , Koumenis Costas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The effect of FLASH Proton Radiation therapy (F-PRT) in decreasing normal tissue toxicity while maintaining equal tumor control compared to Standard Proton Radiation therapy (S-PRT) has been previously investigated for head and neck tissues in mice using a single dose of either S-PRT/F-PRT. Here, we studied the effect of F-PRT following a hypo-fractionated regimen and in a re-irradiation setting. The head and neck area of C57Bl/6 mice was irradiated with a single dose of 12 Gy of F-PRT (128Gy/s) or S-PRT (0.95 Gy/s) and was followed with a hypo-fractionated re-irradiation scheme (6 Gy x 3). Mice with orthotopic tongue tumors were also irradiated with two different hypo-fractionated regimes of 8 Gy x 3 and 9 Gy x 3 respectively. Compared to the re-irradiation with S-PRT, F-PRT re-irradiated mice mitigate xerostomia by improving salivary flow. Histopathological analysis of the salivary gland showed increased acinar cell atrophy and individual cell death in the submandibular gland in mice re-irradiated with S-PRT compared to the ones re-irradiated with F-PRT. Re-irradiation with hypo-fractionated S-PRT showed a significant increase in the alveolar bone loss compared to F-PRT. Following irradiation with hypo-fractionated F-PRT mice with orthotopic tongue tumors significantly increases the overall survival compared to the ones irradiated with hypo-fractionated S-PRT. This study provides evidence of the sparing effect of F-PRT in minimizing radiation-induced head and neck tissue toxicity in a hypo-fractionated re-irradiation setting. The results support the efficacy of F-PRT for clinical application.
Citation Format: Priyanka Chowdhury, George Morcos, Michele Kim, Yuewei Lin, Ling Qin, James Metz, Alexander Lin, Costas Koumenis. Flash proton re-irradiation and hypofractionation alleviate radiation-induced toxicity of the head and neck tissues in mice. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Translating Targeted Therapies in Combination with Radiotherapy; 2025 Jan 26-29; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2025;31(2_Suppl):Abstract nr A002.
Abstract B004: TIGIT blockade synergizes with PD-1 blockade and radiation therapy to enhance antitumor T-cell responses in breast cancer
Authors: Kim Seongmin , Jeon Seung Hyuck , Kim Yoomin , Park Nawon , Kim In Ah 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background: The study aims to investigate the role of TIGIT in immunosuppressive environment and evaluates the potential of TIGIT blockade (αTIGIT) to improve antitumor immune responses. Methods: We analyzed public transcriptomic data to identify the expression patterns of TIGIT on T cells in breast cancer and its prognostic impact. In addition, a murine TNBC model was utilized to evaluate the effects of PD-1 blockade (αPD-1), local RT, and αTIGIT. T cells in tumors, tumor-draining lymph nodes (TdLNs), and the spleen were analyzed to assess the antitumor immune responses upon the treatments. Results: The analysis revealed that TIGIT is predominantly expressed on T cells within breast cancer, and the expression of TIGIT was associated with poor outcomes in TNBC patients. In the murine model, the combination of αPD-1 and RT increased TIGIT+CD226+CD8+ TILs, which are crucial for the efficacy of αTIGIT. Adding αTIGIT to αPD-1 and RT (αPD-1/RT) resulted in a synergistic antitumor effect, characterized by increased infiltration of CD8+ TILs in both irradiated and nonirradiated tumors. The triple combination therapy (TCT) also resulted in a less exhausted phenotype among CD8+ TILs and increased the proliferation of splenic CD8+ T cells. Moreover, αTIGIT significantly reduced Tregs in tumors, TdLNs, and the spleen when combined with αPD-1/RT. Conclusion: αTIGIT exhibits synergistic effects when added to αPD-1/RT by increasing the infiltration and activation of CD8+ TILs while reducing Tregs. The study suggests that αTIGIT could be an effective strategy to enhance the antitumor efficacy of αPD-1 and RT in TNBC.
Citation Format: Seongmin Kim, Seung Hyuck Jeon, Yoomin Kim, Nawon Park, In Ah Kim. TIGIT blockade synergizes with PD-1 blockade and radiation therapy to enhance antitumor T-cell responses in breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Translating Targeted Therapies in Combination with Radiotherapy; 2025 Jan 26-29; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2025;31(2_Suppl):Abstract nr B004.
Abstract B009: Abscopal effect in metastatic melanoma: generating clinical insights from radiation-induced immune response
Authors: Phan Baovy N. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Despite modern advancements in systemic therapies, melanoma remains a highly malignant cancer, with persistent resistance to therapies such as checkpoint inhibitors and inhibitors of mutated BRAF V600E. Current therapy for targeting metastatic melanoma remains palliative radiation therapy, particularly directly at symptomatic sites. Extraordinarily, few case studies have reported locally targeted radiation resulting in regression of distal non-targeted lesions. This rare phenomenon was coined as the abscopal effect and presents with increasing frequency due to the advancement of systemic therapy. This narrative review attempts to understand the underlying mechanisms behind the abscopal effect through clinical data from 21 melanoma patients reported in 19 case studies. Case identification focused on patients who had progressed on systemic therapy before receiving radiation. Our study observed a mean total Gy of 34 (median total 30 Gy) and mean fractionation Gy of 8 (median fractionation 7.5 Gy) with increased frequency of reported abscopal effects with incorporation of modern systemic immunotherapies. The reviewed cases suggest that combining radiation with immunotherapy may enhance systemic tumor control, though further research is required to better understand the underlying mechanisms and improve treatment outcomes.
Citation Format: Baovy N. Phan. Abscopal effect in metastatic melanoma: generating clinical insights from radiation-induced immune response. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Translating Targeted Therapies in Combination with Radiotherapy; 2025 Jan 26-29; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2025;31(2_Suppl):Abstract nr B009.