bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE NET ON THE RIVER WHERE VERY LITTLE HAS BEEN CAUGHT: DIFFERENCES IN MEMORY FOR DISCOURSE IN YOUNGER AND OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Getz Marjorie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Experiential learning is key for courses in a gerontology certificate program at a midwestern nursing and health science college. One curricular emphasis is the uniqueness of every older adult that the student will encounter as they move from a novice student role to professional role mastery several years into their careers. To assist in this transition, one course has a unit on memory for discourse, especially memory for printed materials—essential in support of understanding medical conditions and treatment follow-through. Our project had college students compare their memory for short stories with memories of “students” from an OLLI Program who attended this class. The project, in an adult development course, provides students with community service, direct contact with older adults and reflective practices to integrate course content with this activity. Qualitative analyses were used. Content analyses of reflective essays identified four themes (a) older adult focus on key story propositions as well as incidental propositions with tie-in to acquired knowledge on attention/memory from course work (b) frequent use of situational schema based on greater world knowledge held by older adults and implications of this type of discourse in clinical settings (c) differences, that favored older adults, between groups in memory for details in structured versus unstructured stories, and (d) differences in style of recall for stories between age groups. Reflections were encouraged to tie new age-related knowledge about memory processes into better client follow through. Students also reflected on ways to make memory more optimal in clinical settings.
PROMOTING AFHS FRAMEWORK WITHIN NURSING STAFF TRAINING CURRICULUM: NURSING HOME QUALITY IMPROVEMENT INITIATIVE
Authors: Shnayder Oksana , Tewary Sweta , Pandya Naushira 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The recent report by the Committee on the Quality of Care in Nursing Homes highlighted the limitations within nursing home facilities including neglect and abuse of their residents, high living costs and poor quality of life, lack of oversight, as well as nursing staff shortages and burnouts. With multiple challenges in sustaining the nursing home workforce, it is imperative to provide support and continued education to nursing home staff and nursing students on recent developments in evidence-based approaches to geriatric care including Age-Friendly Health Systems (AFHS) and dementia-friendly care. NSU SFGWEP conceptualized, designed, and delivered a modified geriatric curriculum to the nursing workforce at three distinct partner sites. The curriculum integrated eight training modules within the framework of AFHS and covers topics on each of the 4Ms: Matters Most, Mobility, Mentation, and Medication. The trainings are currently being delivered to the nursing home staff, nursing students, and to CNA students. The data on increase in education on AFHS and the 4Ms is being collected via a specifically designed survey which is administered electronically through mobile devices or via paper questionnaires. The survey responses are managed through REDCapTM, a secure web application for administering online surveys. An estimated 160 trainees have completed at least one training session and 38 trainees have submitted the feedback survey. Preliminary data on pre/post-training evaluations suggests an improvement in participants’ knowledge of the geriatric topic within AFHS and the 4Ms, proposing a sustainable training program for the nursing workforce to promote age-friendly care for older adults
BLOOD PRESSURE MEASURES ARE NOT CORRELATED WITH NIH TOOLBOX COGNITIVE BATTERY PERFORMANCE IN BLACK OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Moll Allison , Halter Colt , Adams Hannah , DiCerbo Loraine , Kavcic Voyko , Daugherty Ana , Woodard John , Giordani Bruno 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Elevated blood pressure has been inconsistently associated with cognitive performance in older adults. Black adults experience higher rates of elevated blood pressure and cognitive impairment than White adults. This study investigated whether blood pressure measurements were associated with cognitive performance on the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) in older Black adults. 77 older Black adults 65+ years of age (M=72.6, SD=4.9) with subjective cognitive decline were administered the NIHTB-CB, a battery of computer-based cognitive tests. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured before and after cognitive testing and a cognitive task-based EEG/ERP. Average SBP, DBP, and pulse pressure (PP) were calculated. Difference scores from pre- to post-EEG/ERP served as a reactivity index following cognitive task engagement. A ratio of the difference scores to the baseline measures controlled for resting blood pressure. Bayesian correlations examined the relations between blood pressure measurements and NIHTB-CB performance. Data analysis used fully corrected T scores from the NIHTB-CB subtests. Average SBP, SBP difference scores, and baseline SBP were not associated with NIHTB-CB performance on any measurement (all BF10 &lt; 3.0). Similarly, DBP and PP were unrelated to NIHTB-CB performance. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were not associated with any NIHTB-CB measure. Additionally, blood pressure reactivity was not related to cognitive performance. Future research may investigate the relationship between SBP reactivity and cognitive performance across multiple measurement periods. Antihypertensive medication and duration of hypertension among hypertensive individuals may also be an important consideration in future studies.
COGNITIVE FUNCTION AND LIFE SATISFACTION IN LATER LIFE: IS EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING A PATHWAY?
Authors: McFeeley Brittany , Peng Changmin , Burr Jeffrey 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Cognitive impairment and dementia represent major public health concerns globally. Life satisfaction measures capture an important element of subjective well-being in later life. This study examines the association between cognitive function and life satisfaction along with the mediating effects of loneliness and depression among older adults. While the study of life satisfaction and cognitive function have received considerable attention among gerontologists, we know relatively little about whether emotional well-being represents a pathway between cognitive function and life satisfaction. To address our research questions, we employed nationally representative data from the 2018 Health and Retirement Study, including information from the Leave Behind Questionnaire, focusing on community dwelling respondents aged 65 and older (N=3,173). Cognitive function is measured with the Telephone Interview for Cognition Status instrument and life satisfaction is based on the Diener Life Satisfaction Scale. Depression is measured by the number of depressive symptoms (CESD-8) and loneliness is based on the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Results from our linear regression models show that cognitive function is positively associated with life satisfaction (B=0.012, p=.028), while depressive symptoms (B=-0.261, p&lt;.001) and loneliness are negatively associated with life satisfaction (B=-1.290, p&lt;.001). Each measure of emotional well-being mediates the cognitive function-life satisfaction relationship, supporting our hypothesis. Future research based on longitudinal designs should evaluate whether other mediators help explain this relationship, including the structural and functional domains of social networks. Social network characteristics may combine with emotional well-being to provide an improved understanding of cognitive function and subject well-being.
FACTOR STRUCTURES OF THE KOREAN VERSION OF NEED FOR COGNITION SCALE SHORT FORM (K-NFC-S) AMONG KOREAN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Lee Juhyeong , Han Gaeun , Shin Yeonsoo , Kim Giyeon 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to examine the underlying factor structures of the Korean Version of Need for Cognition Scale Short Form (K-NfC-S) among older adults in South Korea. A nationally representative sample of Korean older adults aged 65 or older (N=2,281) was drawn from the 2020 Korean Media Panel Survey. After dividing the sample into two groups at random, both exploratory (N=1,117) and confirmatory (N=1,164) factor analyses were conducted respectively using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26. A model fit was assessed with the Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), the comparative fit index (CFI), and the root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA). Results from the exploratory factor analysis revealed that K-NfC-S were divided into two domains. Factor I consisted of eleven positively worded items and Factor II consisted of four negatively worded items. However, in the confirmatory factor analysis, a single-factor model with correlated errors among the negatively worded items showed the best fit among the postulated models of K-NfC-S (TLI=.917, CFI=.934, RMSEA=.074). Consistent with previous findings, the results from the present study support a single dominant factor structure underlying responses to the K-NfC-S items among older adults in South Korea. The findings suggest that the two-factor structure identified from exploratory factor analysis may be an artifact of method effects associated with the negatively worded items included in the K-NfC-S.
MECHANISMS OF ATTENTIONAL CONTROL AND SUPPRESSION IN AGING
Authors: Senior Josh , Kim Andy , Mather Mara 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Attentional control plays a crucial role in our daily lives by allowing our brains to selectively process relevant information while filtering out task-irrelevant distractions. Due to aging, older adults have demonstrated a heightened propensity to be more distractible. This decreased ability to regulate attention has been attributed to an inability to inhibit task-irrelevant salient stimuli. However, the specific mechanisms that underlie this age-related alteration remain unclear. In this study, we utilized a visual search paradigm that directly measures mechanisms of attentional suppression to test our hypothesis that older adults demonstrate reduced capabilities to suppress task-irrelevant information. Young adults (aged 18-35) and older adults (aged 50-80) were tasked to utilize goal-directed attentional control by fixating at a specific target shape. Critically, in some trials, individuals were exposed to a salient color shape that acted as a singleton distractor. While young adults show the ability to suppress attentional allocation to this salient distractor in this paradigm, we hypothesized that older adults would demonstrate attentional capture by this salient distractor. Our findings revealed that older adults made significantly fewer first-fixations towards the target, demonstrating a marked impairment with goal-directed attentional control. Surprisingly, older adults still made fewer fixations toward the distractor in comparison to non-targets, demonstrating that older adults sustained the ability to suppress irrelevant distractors. These findings raise important questions on the mechanisms that underlie increased distractibility in aging and oculomotor attentional control.
PROSPECTIVE EXPLORATION OF COMBINED INTERNALIZING SYMPTOMS ON SELF-REPORTED MEMORY DURING COVID-19
Authors: Carr Dawn , Sachs-Ericsson Natalie , Schmidt Brad , Schubert Frederick 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A growing literature suggests depression and anxiety increase risk of cognitive decline. However, few studies have examined their combined effects on cognition, among older adults, especially during periods of high stress. Based on a sample of community dwelling older adults (N=576), we evaluated the effects of pre-pandemic anxiety and depressive symptoms, obtained in September 2018, to changes in self-reported memory (SRM) assessed 3 months into the COVID-19 pandemic. In separate models we found participants with depression scores at least 1-SD above the mean and participants with anxiety scores at least 2-SD above the mean to report a significant decline in SRM. Moderation analyses revealed those with high depressive symptoms (at or above the mean) showed a decrease in SRM regardless of anxiety. The extent to which high pre-pandemic anxiety symptoms influenced SRM is dependent on whether pre-pandemic depression was at or above the mean. Pre-pandemic depression predicted a decline in SRM regardless of anxiety. Moderation analyses revealed that the extent to which anxiety symptoms influenced SRM was dependent on depression being at or above the mean. Those with high anxiety and depression are at highest risk of experiencing cognitive consequences related to stressful exposures like COVID-19.
SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGISTS’ PRACTICE PATTERNS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE
Authors: Neal Vanessa , Musson Nan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Cognitive impairment is common in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and can have significant impact on quality of life. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are qualified to treat cognitive impairment in PD, yet previous studies have shown SLPs tend to place greater focus on other impairment areas (e.g., dysarthria) and may lack confidence treating cognition. This study sought to better understand practice patterns in PD cognitive treatment among Veteran Affairs SLPs (N=14) participating in a national quality improvement project. Using a mixed-methods design, we examined SLPs’ use of formal assessments (e.g., standardized screening) and patient-reported outcome measures for cognition. We also examined SLPs’ clinical recommendations and perspectives toward providing cognitive services. Data was obtained using REDCap and semi-structured interviews. Results showed formal cognitive assessments were completed on 45% of patients (N=191) and patient-reported outcome measures were completed with 36% of patients. Of the patients formally assessed (n=86), 55 scored as having some degree of cognitive impairment and 17 were ultimately enrolled in cognitive treatment. The most common reasons SLPs provided for not treating cognition included: patient declining treatment, supportive home environment, needing further testing, or other medical needs (e.g., sleep management). Overall, results suggest cognitive management was a low priority among clinicians and patients. SLPs reported barriers to providing cognitive treatment included patient desire to participate and therapeutic time constraints when also providing speech and/or swallowing services. Further research is needed to increase integration of cognitive services into SLP treatment of PD and identify strategies to increase patient buy-in of cognitive treatment.
MEASURING MULTIGENERATIONAL NEIGHBORHOODS
Authors: Hyde Martin , Evans Elizabeth 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
There are growing concerns that societies are becoming more generationally divided and that this is having negative social consequences, such as increasing loneliness and social isolation. Residential age segregation as a key driver of this generational divide and there is worrying evidence that levels of residential age segregation have increased in the USA, UK and Europe. However, measures of age segregation have a number of methodological limitations: i) they only compare younger and older age groups and therefore overlook the wider generational mix in the neighbourhood; ii) different measures of young/older age groups are used in different studies, iii) different geographical scales, e.g. wards, districts, etc., are used in different studies and iv) measures are often at a high level of geographical aggregation, e.g. local authorities. To address these issues we have developed a new measure of multigenerational neighbourhoods, based on an ecological measure used to calculate biodiversity, for all neighbourhoods in England and Wales from 2011-2020. Our analyses shows that i) there is a low correlation between measures of age segregation and neighbourhood multigenerationality and ii) contrary to some findings on age segregation, the vast majority of people in England and Wales live in multigenerational neighbourhoods. However, some areas have seen a drop in multigenerationality, especially those in inner city and costal areas.
SAFEGUARDING IN THE INTERNET OF THINGS AGE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF SECURITY AND PRIVACY RISKS FOR OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Saka Suleiman , Das Sanchari 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) has brought about a technological revolution that has transformed the way we live and interact with the world. IoT technology has the potential to enhance the quality of life for individuals, particularly older adults, by enabling them to access and control devices remotely. However, IoT technology also raises significant security and privacy concerns, especially for older adults, who are often less technologically savvy and more susceptible to cyber threats. This paper provides a systematic review of the literature related to IoT technology for older adults and identifies key gaps in the security and privacy of these technologies. Our review analyzed a total of 116 papers related to IoT for older adults and focused on 25 that met our criteria. We found that most of the research in this area focuses on the health and medical sector, where IoT technology can be used to monitor the health and well-being of older adults. However, our analysis revealed that there are significant gaps in the security and privacy of IoT technology for older adults. To address these gaps, we provide actionable recommendations for enhancing the security and privacy of IoT technology designed for older adults. Our recommendations include the development of user-friendly interfaces, the use of secure and reliable communication protocols, the incorporation of data encryption and anonymization, and the establishment of regulatory frameworks to ensure the protection of personal data.
EFFECTS OF CHILDCARE, WORK, AND CAREGIVING INTENSITY ON MALE AND FEMALE FAMILY CAREGIVERS
Authors: Kim Hansol , Beach Scott , Friedman Esther , Donovan Heidi , Schulz Richard 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System sampled 54,076 caregivers between 2015 and 2017 providing an opportunity to evaluate risk factors for poor mental and physical health among a representative sample of U.S. adult caregivers. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of childcare, work status, and intensity of caregiving among men and women caring for older adults (n = 17,271).

Methods
Controlling for sociodemographic factors, separate logistic regression analysis for women and men were carried out to assess the main and interaction effects of childcare, work status, and intensity of caregiving on number of poor mental and physical health days in the last month.

Results
Intensive caregiving demands had adverse effects on both women and men, but being in the workforce was beneficial to both men and women. Women with children at home reported adverse mental health effects but better physical health, while men with children at home reported adverse physical health effects. For women, the combination of not working, children in the household, and high-intensity caregiving were most detrimental to their mental health. Among men, those not working with children in the household, regardless of caregiving intensity, were at highest risk of adverse mental health effects.

Discussion
Our findings identify caregivers at high risk of adverse outcomes but also point to the need for more fine-grained analyses of how families negotiate the allocation of childcare, work, and caregiving responsibilities over time.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CUSTODIAL GRANDCHILDREN RECEIVING MENTAL HEALTH CARE ASSISTANCE
Authors: Montoro-Rodriguez Julian , Hayslip Bert 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The number of grandparents caring for grandchildren has increased substantially over the past two decades. Grandparent caregivers experience strain and family vulnerabilities as they face challenging child-care responsibilities, less social support, and more adverse emotional and lifestyle changes. These challenges may influence the type of support they provide to their grandchildren, affecting their grandchildren’s health and access to supportive services. In this light, research suggests that rates of service use among grandchildren are low (37% and 51% for community and school-based services) with the grandchild’s externalizing symptoms and medical/psychiatric diagnoses being the strongest predictors of such use. This paper investigates the influence of grandparent and grandchild-related factors associated with a grandchild’s receiving mental health care assistance. We examine how grandchildren’s use of counseling services affects grandparent well-being and relationship quality with the grandchild. Guided by the Pearlin stress-outcome paradigm (1990), we used data from 239 grandparent caregivers (Mage = 58.06, SD = 8.17), wherein 80 grandchildren were receiving counseling mental care and 159 were not. Predictors of well-being and quality of grandchild/grandparent relationship outcomes were regressed on the use of the counseling services, stressors (health of grandparent and problem behaviors of grandchildren), and coping resources (resiliency, self-efficacy, social support) using a SEM model with AMOS. Results indicate good model fit (CFI = 0.968; TLI= 0.959; RMSE = 0.04). Findings suggested that grandchildren’s use of mental health services influences both the quality of the relationship and the well-being of the grandparent albeit through different coping resources (grandparent’s resilience and social support).
EXPLORING “LIVING WELL” FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND RELATED DEMENTIAS
Authors: Fazio Sam , Stratton Lauren 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive, degenerative disease; however, at the same time individuals living with dementia experience symptoms, they also want to live well with the disease. Although living well with dementia holds different meaning to different people, it generally includes some commonalities, such as maintaining autonomy and independence. To explore the concept of living well with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia (ADRD), the Alzheimer’s Association gathered data from nearly 100 individuals living with dementia through focus groups and online surveys. Themes from the focus groups were revealed on living well, including being viewed as an individual (person-centered care), staying involved, and receiving multiple types of support to assist their well-being. Open-ended questions from the surveys illustrated additional themes related to living well, as well as on personal meaningfulness of disease modifying therapies including more time with loved ones and opportunities to be part of significant family events. Within these findings, an underlying theme emphasizing the importance of person-centered care and well-being arose. Further discussion will explore these interconnected concepts of living well, person-centered care, and well-being, specifically including the perspectives of individuals living with ADRD. In addition, these concepts can be utilized to tailor resources and support to better support individuals living with ADRD to live well. Lastly, the concept of living well in relation to the emergence of disease modifying therapies and how personal meaningfulness is just as important as clinical meaningfulness will also be explored.