bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unmasking the Dark Triad: A Data Fusion Machine Learning Approach to Characterize the Neural Bases of Narcissistic, Machiavellian and Psychopathic Traits
Authors: Bakiaj Richard , Pantoja Muñoz Clara Isabel , Bizzego Andrea , Grecucci Alessandro 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe Dark Triad (DT), encompassing narcissism, Machiavellianism and psychopathy traits, poses significant societal challenges. Understanding the neural underpinnings of these traits is crucial for developing effective interventions and preventive strategies. Our study aimed to unveil the neural substrates of the DT by examining brain scans from 201 individuals (mean age: 32.43, 105 females) using the unsupervised learning algorithm transposed independent vector analysis (tIVA). tIVA, known for identifying complex patterns in neuroimaging data, detected 15 joint grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) networks. Of these networks, four were associated with the DT. The first component comprises areas within the reward network, including the thalamus, caudate, anterior cingulate and prefrontal regions. The second component encompasses regions within the executive network, predominantly involving prefrontal and posterior areas. The third component includes regions within the default mode network (DMN), such as the angular gyrus, the precuneus and the posterior cingulate cortex. Lastly, the fourth component overlaps with areas of the visual network, primarily located in the occipital and temporal lobes. Within these networks, the reward‐related component correlated with narcissism, suggesting an association with the need for constant interpersonal rewards to enhance self‐esteem and grandiosity in narcissistic individuals. Conversely, the DM‐related component correlated with Machiavellianism, potentially reflecting the heightened strategic thinking employed by Machiavellian individuals for manipulation purposes. In line with established trends, sex differences emerged, with males displaying notably higher DT scores. Our findings offer insights into the intricate neurobiological bases of the DT personality and hold implications for future research and interventions.
Legacy of Warming and Cover Crops on the Response of Soil Microbial Function to Repeated Drying and Rewetting Cycles
Authors: Adekanmbi Adetunji Alex , Zou Yiran , Shu Xin , Pietramellara Giacomo , Pathan Shamina Imran , Todman Lindsay , Sizmur Tom 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe response of soils to extreme weather events will become increasingly important in the future as more frequent and severe floods and droughts are expected to subject soils to drying and rewetting cycles as a result of climate change. These extreme events will be experienced against a backdrop of overall warming. Farmers are adopting cover cropping as a sustainable management practice to increase soil organic matter and benefit soil health. Cover crops may also increase the resilience of soils to help mitigate the impacts of climate change. We examined the legacy of warming and cover crops on the response of soil microbial function to repeated drying and rewetting cycles. We introduced open‐top chambers to warm the soil surface of a field plot experiment in which cover crops (single‐species monocultures and 4‐species polycultures) were grown over the summer after harvest and before planting autumn sown cash crops in a cereal rotation. Soil samples were collected from warmed and ambient areas of the experimental plots in spring, before harvesting the cereal crop. Warming significantly increased, and cover crops significantly decreased, the abundance of genes encoding fungal β‐glucosidase. We quantified respiration (a measure of soil microbial function) with high‐frequency CO2 flux measurements after 0, 1, 2, 4 or 8 wet/dry cycles imposed in the laboratory and the addition of barley grass powder substrate at a rate of 10 mg g−1 soil. We observed lower cumulative substrate‐induced respiration in soils previously planted with cover crop mixtures than expected from the average of the same species grown in monoculture. Repeated drying and rewetting cycles increased the cumulative substrate‐induced respiration rate observed, suggesting that repeated perturbations selected for a community adapted to processing the barley shoot powder more quickly. When we calculated the cumulative respiration after 8 wet/dry cycles, relative to cumulative respiration after 0 wet/dry cycles (which we infer represents the extent to which microbial communities adapted to repeated drying and rewetting cycles), our data revealed that the legacy of warming significantly reduced soil microbial community adaptation, but the legacy of cover crops significantly increased, soil microbial community adaptation. This adaptation of the soil microbial community was positively correlated with the concentration of water‐extractable organic carbon in the soils before imposing the drying and rewetting cycles and/or adding the substrate. We conclude that cover crops may enhance the ability of the soil microbial community to adapt to drought events and mitigate the impact of warming, possibly due to the provision of labile organic carbon for the synthesis of osmolytes which then prime the decomposition of labile plant material upon rewetting.
A broader corporate purpose? Evidence from UK public companies, 2000–2016
Authors: Patacconi Andrea , Shamshur Anastasiya , Ulianiuk Pavlo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper examines the extent to which corporate leaders have discursively embraced the logic of stakeholder theory. Using textual analysis of chairperson and CEO letters to shareholders of public companies in the UK during the 2000–2016 period, we find that, over time, attention to shareholders declined and attention to customers, society and CSR increased. These shifts were more pronounced during the financial crisis. Chairpersons and CEOs also appear to exhibit different loci of attention. Our findings indicate that corporate purpose did become “broader” in recent years; however, despite this trend, attention to employees did not increase.
Partners Now Parents: Supporting Couples During the Journey to Parenthood
Authors: Savell Shannon M. , Breeden Lauren V. , Emery Robert E. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBecoming a parent is a highly anticipated milestone for many couples, yet previous research suggests that most couples experience a sharp decline in romantic satisfaction. However, there are few virtual, group‐based couples prevention programs for first‐time parents. The present study examined the feasibility and effectiveness of a newly developed prevention program for the journey to parenthood, the Partners Now Parents program. Sixty‐six racially and socioeconomically diverse expecting parents (33 couples) participated in this small, pilot examination. Seventeen couples were assigned to receive five teletherapy prevention program sessions over the course of the perinatal period, and 16 couples were assigned to an active control group receiving psychoeducation via email. We found a less steep decline in romantic satisfaction for those in the prevention program as compared to the active control group. The findings suggest that the prevention program is feasible, effective, and favorably received by participants. Prevention programs for expecting parents offer entry into mental health support with reduced mental health stigma when couples may be most open to change as they prepare for parenthood.
Are We Up to the Best Practises in Forage and Grassland Precision Harvest? A Review
Authors: Martelli Roberta , Ali Abid , Rondelli Valda , Barbanti Lorenzo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGrassland and forage crops are a domain where the application of precision agriculture techniques has been less intensive so far, compared to grain crops. This is especially evident in the case of variable yield assessment, the step that prompts the adoption of precision management techniques once farmers are faced by unexpectedly high yield spatial variation. Much work has been devoted to forage, grassland and pasture yield assessment since the early 2000's; evaluating the established achievements alongside the existing drawbacks and limitations is seen the best way to lay the foundation for future research work in this field. Self‐propelled forage harvesters received most attention in the quest for on‐the‐go yield assessment. Both volumetric flow (feedroll displacement sensing) and mass flow (impact force and torque sensing) assessments were tested prior to be developed into commercial applications. Nonetheless, their performances vary depending on harvested product characteristics (density, moisture, texture, etc.). Integrating multiple sensor technologies has emerged as the most effective solution to reduce this variability, despite the higher costs involved. Forage handling machines (mowers conditioners, waggon trailers and balers) were also largely addressed. Balers in the static weighing mode are one of the simplest and most reliable yield assessing platforms, although at the expenses of spatial discretization and positional lag of the yield data. Remote sensing based on spectral reflectance data from the standing crop is rapidly gaining interest, especially if performed from satellites. Multiple data sources (e.g., Landsat and MODIS images), sometimes processed through machine learning or neural network techniques, have demonstrated to provide more reliable yield assessments than single data sources. A cross cutting issue in all these techniques is the assessment of forage moisture. At the ground level, near infra‐red sensors are gaining popularity over capacitance sensors, thanks to their ability to determine also quality parameters of the harvested biomass. Overall, the need for calibration and maintenance of all sensor types represents a critical point that requires to be carefully evaluated before selecting an appropriate system.
An Ordovician Assemblage of Cool Water‐Adapted Paleotropical Ostracods Suggests an Early Psychrosphere
Authors: McGairy Anna , Nguyen Phong Duc , Williams Mark , Stocker Christopher P. , Harvey Thomas H. P. , Komatsu Toshifumi , Wong Hearing Thomas W. , Miller C. Giles , Marcilly Chloé M. , Pohl Alexandre 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAn ostracod assemblage from the Late Ordovician (Katian) Phu Ngu Formation of northern Vietnam, South China paleoplate, yields typical Baltic and Laurentian‐affinity genera together with some endemic forms. Detailed paleontological and sedimentary analysis of the Phu Ngu Formation suggests it was deposited in a deeper marine forearc setting, below storm wave base, but with (at least intermittently) oxygenated sea‐bottom conditions. Taphonomic assessment of the ostracod assemblage suggests it is in situ. The occurrence of globally widespread ostracod genera, including those from paleocontinents that were geographically remote from South China, is difficult to reconcile with the assumed limited dispersal capability of ostracods in shallow‐shelf settings—a characteristic that has often been used to refine Ordovician paleogeographical reconstructions. Here, we present the novel approach of using paleoclimate reconstructions to assess the environmental distributions of Paleozoic ostracod genera. We show that the deep‐marine depositional setting of our documented assemblage, together with general circulation model simulations of Ordovician ocean‐temperatures, suggests an early radiation of benthic ostracods into the deeper, colder, and thermally uniform ocean below the thermocline. The presence of a globally‐distributed psychrospheric (cool and deep marine) ostracod fauna would imply that our understanding of Ordovician ostracod dispersal is incomplete, and future paleobiogeographical studies should try to decouple the signal of shallow‐shelf benthic taxa, often endemic and probably limited by sea temperature, from those that are more cosmopolitan and tolerant of cooler, deeper waters.
Camellia saponin modulates oleic acid/linoleic acid‐induced lipogenesis in human sebocytes through lipophagy activation
Authors: Wan Kaibo , Li Jian , Ma Ling , Chen Timson , Chen Ya , Li Zhizhen , Zouboulis Christos C. , Wang Guang‐Li , Wang Jing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundOily skin not only threatens people with aesthetic and hygienic discomfort but also confronts them with annoying skin problems. To explore new skin care ingredients from herbal or plant extracts and understand their underlying mechanism for sebum control would assist in the discovery of desirable sebosuppressive agents, though it is still a deserving and challenging task.AimTo explore the effect of Camellia saponin (CS) on modulating the lipogenesis of human sebocytes. Moreover, to explore the underlying mechanism of CS on oleic acid/linoleic acid (OL) mixture stimulated lipid accumulation.MethodsThe lipid accumulation model of cells was constructed by OL‐induction in vitro. The lipid synthesis in SZ95 sebocytes was detected by Oil Red O, Nile Red and BODIPY staining and the distribution of lipid droplets and autophagosomes were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Fluorescence staining, immunofluorescence and western blot (WB) were used to characterize the spatial localization of lipid droplets (LDs)/autophagosome/lysosome, the levels of LC3 and P62 proteins related to intracellular autophagy, as well as the pH of lysosome.ResultsCS treatment significantly relieved OL‐induced lipid accumulation in SZ95 sebocytes. Furthermore, CS maintained lysosomal acid environment to promote the fusion of autophagosome and lysosome, thus recovering the OL‐induced blockage of autophagy flow. We also found that CS activated AMPK, and down‐regulated mTOR in SZ95 sebocytes.ConclusionCS was able to relieve OL‐stimulated sebum accumulation in cultured human SZ95 sebocytes through lipophagy, in which process CS maintained lysosomal acid environment and activated the AMPK/mTOR pathway.
Generative AI and Its Potential Impact on Humanity
Authors: Nasr Rana Salah , El‐Deeb Sara 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study explores the evolving circumstances of generative artificial intelligence (AI) and its implications for humanity. A central question guides this exploration: “What is humanity in a world with human‐like machines?” as proposed by Suleyman (2023). Multiple streams of literature have been integrated to employ a holistic approach. This includes an extensive literature review and analysis of recent developments, incorporating insights from various sources and experts in key domains such as AI, AI singularity, ethics, digital transformation, human‐machine collaboration, and societal implications. While rapid advancements in generative AI have captured widespread attention, with a particular emphasis on its positive potential, it is equally vital to address its potential negative impacts, including human displacement, lower wages, and increased power and income inequality (Farina, Yu, and Lavazza 2024). Despite varying scholarly perspectives on the concept of generative AI, there is a consensus that it significantly impacts humans and society and requires careful consideration. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the European Parliament highlight the global significance of addressing its challenges. From a practical perspective, these insights have enormous implications for governments, business leaders, scholars, and society.
Breaking Barriers Transforming Primary Care to Serve the Physical Health Needs of Individuals With SMI in the NHS
Authors: Sheridan Emma , Bifarin Oladayo , Caves Maria , Higginbotham Karen , Harris Jane , Pinder Julie , Brame Peter 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis critical review paper examines the health inequalities faced by individuals with Severe Mental Illness (SMI) in the United Kingdom; highlighting the disproportionate burden of physical health conditions such as respiratory disorders, cardiac illnesses, diabetes and stroke amongst this population. These conditions contribute to a significantly higher rate of premature mortality in individuals with SMI, with two‐thirds of these deaths deemed preventable. Despite the National Health Service (NHS) acknowledging the need to address these health inequalities, the mortality gap between those with and without SMI continues to widen. Additionally, there is limited engagement from service users in annual physical health checks, a concern that this paper addresses by identifying several barriers and providing recommendations to improve access and engagement in physical health checks. This review emphasises the focus on primary care systems as a critical point for addressing health disparities in individuals with SMI. Also, it highlights the need for primary care services to be more adaptive and integrated, playing a key role in managing the physical health of patients with SMI through regular health checks, flexible service delivery, and enhanced coordination with secondary care. Effectively supporting individuals with SMI requires tailored, integrated primary care interventions that address both psychological and physical health challenges, considering diverse demographic needs across the UK.
The Future of Artificial Intelligence in Mental Health Nursing Practice: An Integrative Review
Authors: Milasan Lucian H. , Scott‐Purdy Daniel 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTArtificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly used in delivering mental healthcare worldwide. Within this context, the traditional role of mental health nurses has been changed and challenged by AI‐powered cutting‐edge technologies emerging in clinical practice. The aim of this integrative review is to identify and synthesise the evidence of AI‐based applications with relevance for, and potential to enhance, mental health nursing practice. Five electronic databases (CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Scopus) were systematically searched. Seventy‐eight studies were identified, critically appraised and synthesised following a comprehensive integrative approach. We found that AI applications with potential use in mental health nursing vary widely from machine learning algorithms to natural language processing, digital phenotyping, computer vision and conversational agents for assessing, diagnosing and treating mental health challenges. Five overarching themes were identified: assessment, identification, prediction, optimisation and perception reflecting the multiple levels of embedding AI‐driven technologies in mental health nursing practice, and how patients and staff perceive the use of AI in clinical settings. We concluded that AI‐driven technologies hold great potential for enhancing mental health nursing practice. However, humanistic approaches to mental healthcare may pose some challenges to effectively incorporating AI into mental health nursing. Meaningful conversations between mental health nurses, service users and AI developers should take place to shaping the co‐creation of AI technologies to enhance care in a way that promotes person‐centredness, empowerment and active participation.
Facile synthesis of rGO/DyMnO3 nanocomposite directly grown on nickel foam for supercapacitor applications
Authors: Fatima Rida , Sami Abdus , Haidar Zeshan , Ahmed Farooq , Junaid Ali , Qasim Bushra , Alfagham Alanoud T. , Khan Muhammad Shuaib , Elgorban Abdallah M. , Shah Syed Imran Abbas 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe advancement of innovative energy storage electrode materials requires the immediate growth of redox‐active and sensible design of multifunctional electrochemical active materials. Supercapacitors are increasingly favored for the storage of energy owing to their large specific power, rapid charge/discharge times, and long‐term durability. The potential electrochemical energy storage using metal oxides motivated our research team to create DyMnO3 and their hybrid with reduced graphene oxide (rGO), via hydrothermal process in rGO/DyMnO3, as an electrocatalyst with comparatively high electrical conductivity and appropriate electrochemical active surface. This research was conducted utilizing a 2 M KOH as electrolyte within a possible window between −0.1 and 0.6 V. Impressively, our synthesized sample exhibited the remarkable specific capacitance of 1536.78 F g−1 on current density of 1 A g−1, attributed to quick charge storage and delayed discharging mechanism. The addition of rGO to porous spherical DyMnO3 enhances electrochemical performance, providing a specific surface area of 250 m2 g−1 and an electroactive surface area of 2675 cm−2. The created device displayed electrochemical activity with a high energy density of 149.40 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 719.86 W kg−1, respectively. Oxygen vacancy enhances results, indicating the rGO/DyMnO3 nanocomposite's potential for SCs and other electrochemical applications.
Piezoelectric and electromechanical synergic optimization in MnCO3‐modified lead magnesium niobate‐lead zirconate titanate ceramics for high‐power antenna
Authors: Li Ling , Chen Xiangjie , Lei Tianfu , Li Xiang , Li Jinglei , Li Fei , Wang Yaojin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLead zirconate titanate (PZT)‐based piezoelectric ceramics are crucial components in high‐power magnetoelectric (ME) antenna devices, contributing to the miniaturization of very low frequency (VLF) communication systems. The piezoelectric coefficient (d33) and mechanical quality factor (Qm) determine the quality of the radiation performance of the antenna device and, therefore, play a pivotal role in antenna preparation and selection. However, achieving high values for both d33 and Qm simultaneously proves challenging, as these properties often tend to compete with each other. Herein, we address this challenge by introducing MnCO3‐modified lead magnesium niobate (PMN)‐PZT piezoelectric ceramics, leveraging elements doping to achieve a well‐balanced performance, where the d33 was optimized to 530 pC/N, while concurrently attaining a Qm of 624, being attributed to the synergistic contributions from the defect dipole and lead vacancies. Notably, the PMN‐PZT‐based antenna device exhibits a significantly enhanced converse ME coefficient αCME = 0.138 Oe·cm/V, which improves the antenna emission performance by about 25% compared to commercial PZT‐4 samples. These findings offer a promising theoretical foundation and a feasible technical pathway for the development and design of ME antennas in the future.