bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fetal hippocampal CA3 cell grafts enriched with fibroblast growth factor‐2 exhibit enhanced neuronal integration into the lesioned aging rat hippocampus in a kainate model of temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Zaman Vandana , Shetty Ashok K. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractAging impairs the conduciveness of the lesioned hippocampus for robust survival of neurons derived from homotopic fetal cell grafts (Zaman and Shetty, Neuroscience 109:537–553, 2002), suggesting a need for graft augmentation in fetal graft‐mediated therapeutic strategies for the lesioned aging hippocampus. We hypothesize that pre‐treatment and grafting of donor hippocampal CA3 cells with fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF‐2) considerably enhances graft neuronal integration into the lesioned CA3 region of the aging hippocampus. We employed the optical fractionator cell counting method and quantified the number of surviving cells and neurons derived from 5′‐bromodoxyuridine‐labeled embryonic day 19 CA3 cell grafts pre‐treated and transplanted with FGF‐2 into the lesioned CA3 region of the middle‐aged and aged rat hippocampus at 4 days post‐lesion. In both middle‐aged and aged hippocampus, pre‐treatment and transplantation of CA3 cell grafts with FGF‐2 resulted in a robust yield of surviving cells (72–80% of injected cells) and neurons (62–69% of injected cells) from grafts. The overall yield was dramatically greater than the yield observed earlier from standard (untreated) fetal CA3 cell grafts into the lesioned aging hippocampus but was highly comparable to that observed for standard fetal CA3 cell grafts into the lesioned young hippocampus (Zaman and Shetty, Neuroscience 109:537–553, 2002). Thus, a robust neuronal integration from fetal CA3 cell grafts can be achieved into the lesioned CA3 region of the aging hippocampus with a simple pre‐treatment and grafting of donor fetal CA3 cells with FGF‐2. These results have implications toward the development of suitable cell grafting strategies for repair of the lesioned aging hippocampus in neurodegenerative diseases, particularly the temporal lobe epilepsy, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease. Hippocampus 2003;13:618–632. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Distal landmarks and hippocampal place cells: Effects of relative translation versus rotation
Authors: Knierim James J. , Rao Geeta 
Published: May 2003

AbstractHippocampal neurons are selectively active when a rat occupies restricted locations in an environment. These place cells derive their specificity from a multitude of sources, including idiothetic cues and sensory input derived from both distal and local landmarks. Most experiments have attempted to dissociate the relative strengths and roles played by these sources by rotating one set against the other. Few studies have addressed the effects of relative translation of the local cue set versus salient distal landmarks. To address this question, ensembles of place cells were recorded as a rectangular or circular track was moved to different locations in a room with controlled visual landmarks. Place cells primarily maintained their firing fields relative to the track (i.e., occupying new locations relative to the distal landmarks), even though the track could occupy completely nonoverlapping regions of the room. When the distal landmarks were rotated around the circular track, however, the place fields rotated with the landmarks, demonstrating that the cues were perceptible to the rat. These results suggest that, under these conditions, the spatial tuning of place cells may derive from an interaction between local and idiothetic cues, which define the precise firing locations of the cells and the relationships between them, and distal landmarks, which set the orientation of the ensemble representation relative to the external environment. Hippocampus 2003;13:604–617. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Light exposure during daytime modulates expression of Per1 and Per2 clock genes in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of mice
Authors: Challet Etienne , Poirel Vincent‐Joseph , Malan André , Pévet Paul 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus contain the master circadian clock in mammals. Nocturnal light pulses that reset the circadian clock also lead to rapid increases in levels of Per1 and Per2 mRNA in the SCN, suggesting that these genes are involved in the synchronization to light. During the day, when light has no phase‐shifting effects in nocturnal rodents, the consequences of light exposure for Per expression have been less thoroughly studied. Therefore, the effects of light exposure during the day were assessed on Per1 and Per2 mRNA in the SCN of mice. Expression of Per1 and Per2 was generally increased by 30‐min light pulses during the subjective day, with more pronounced effects in the morning. One exception was noted for a transient decrease in Per2 expression after a short light pulse applied at midday. Prolonged light exposure (up to 3 hr) starting at midday markedly increased Per2 expression but not that of Per1. Moreover, the amplitude of the daily variations of both Per and the duration of Per1 peak was increased in mice exposed to a light‐dark cycle compared with those transferred to constant darkness. Finally, the amplitude of the daily variations of both Per and the basal level of Per1 were increased in mice under a light‐dark cycle compared with animals synchronized to a skeleton photoperiod (i.e., with daily dawn and dusk 1‐hr exposures to light). Taken together, the results indicate that prolonged light exposure during daytime positively modulates daily levels of Per1 and Per2 mRNA in the SCN of mice. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assessment of the performances of first‐ and second‐order time‐domain ABC's for the truncation of finite element grids
Authors: Caorsi Salvatore , Cevini Gaia 
Published: May 2003

AbstractIn this paper we investigate the performances of first‐ and second‐order time‐domain absorbing boundary conditions (ABCs) when introduced in a finite‐element algorithm to solve electromagnetic scattering problems. Attention is focused on the analysis of the ABC's absorbing characteristics when different geometries are considered for the truncation of the computational domain. Numerical results will be given by considering, as a first analysis, two‐dimensional scattering problems. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 11–16, 2003
Dual‐frequency planar inverted‐F antenna with a rolled radiating arm for GSM/DCS operation
Authors: Hsiao Fu‐Ren , Chiou Tzung‐Wern , Wong Kin‐Lu 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA novel dual‐frequency planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA) with a rolled radiating arm suitable for GSM (890–960 MHz) and DCS (1710–1880 MHz) dual‐band operation is proposed. The radiating arm is first printed on a thin flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) and then rolled onto the surface of a foam cylinder, which greatly reduces the dimensions of the proposed PIFA. In addition, the rolled radiating arm provides two separate resonant paths, leading to the excitation of two resonant modes for GSM and DCS operations. The proposed PIFA is suitable to be mounted on top of the system ground plane and shows a very low profile (only 8 mm), which makes it a very promising internal antenna to be built‐in within the housing of a communication device. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 25–27, 2003
A continuous hybrid approach to the noise modelling of FETs
Authors: Günel Tayfun 
Published: May 2003

AbstractIn this work, a continuous hybrid approach (CHA) to determine the FET model elements for given noise parameters in a frequency band is presented. The CHA is based on a continuous parameter genetic algorithm and a controlled random search algorithm. The results obtained from the CHA are compared with the given noise and scattering parameters of the FET. This approach has been simply and effectively applied to the noise modelling of FETs. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 56–60, 2003
Coupling matrix of a 10th‐order dual‐mode asymmetric canonical filter
Authors: Lee Juseop , Uhm Man Seok , Yom In‐Bok , Lee Seong Pal 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThis paper deals with a simple method to extract the coupling matrix of a 10th‐order dual‐mode asymmetric canonical filter. The coupling matrix of an asymmetric canonical filter is obtained by applying a plane rotation technique to the coupling matrix of a symmetric canonical filter. This paper gives a list of pivots and rotation angles to obtain the coupling matrix of an asymmetric canonical‐structure filter. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 64–68, 2003
Equations of laser‐induced plasma shock wave motion in air
Authors: Chen X. , Bian B. M. , Shen Z. H. , Lu J. , Ni X. W. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractSimple equations of laser‐induced plasma shock wave motion in air are studied, based on the point blast theory. The theoretical models of the shock wave front evolution characterize two stages of shock wave propagation: the initial formation stage and the free attenuation stage. Due considerations of the boundary conditions, the validity range of the attenuation equation is larger than the one of the t2/5 law of the self‐similar solution. Furthermore, the theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental data and nuclear explosion results. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 75–79, 2003
Moving phase center antenna arrays with optimized static excitations
Authors: Yang Shiwen , Beng Gan Yeow , Qing Anyong 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe in‐band sidelobe levels of a moving phase center antenna array can be significantly lowered by applying a static excitation amplitude distribution, which is more economical and convenient to implement than those employing dynamic excitation distribution. This paper describes a differential evolution algorithm method for determining the static excitations, via application to a 40‐element linear array. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 83–85, 2003
Accurate expressions for directivity of a circular microstrip antenna on suspended and composite substrates
Authors: Verma A. K. , Nasimuddin  , Omar A. S. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractWe present two sets of simple and accurate closed‐form expressions to compute the directivity of a circular microstrip antenna on suspended and composite substrates. The results have been compared with the results computed by the method of moments (MoM)‐based commercial software Ensemble. Both models follow each other and are in good agreement with Ensemble. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 38: 85–87, 2003
Cell‐free fetal DNA concentration in plasma of patients with abnormal uterine artery Doppler waveform and intrauterine growth restriction—a pilot study
Authors: Caramelli Elisabetta , Rizzo Nicola , Concu Manuela , Simonazzi Giuliana , Carinci Paolo , Bondavalli Corrado , Bovicelli Luciano , Farina Antonio 
Published: May 2003

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate if an increased amount of fetal DNA concentration can be found in women screened positive for intrauterine growth restriction because of abnormal uterine artery Doppler waveforms.MethodsWe enrolled eight pregnant women (each bearing a male fetus), with the evidence of abnormal uterine artery Doppler waveforms, and 16 control patients for a case‐control study matched for gestational age (1 : 2). Uterine artery Doppler was carried out at 20 to 35 weeks' gestation (median 29). The mean uterine artery resistance index (RI) was subsequently calculated, and a value >0.6 was considered positive for the clinical features of pre‐eclampsia. The SRY locus was used to determine the amount of male fetal DNA in the maternal plasma at the time of Doppler analysis.ResultsTwo controls (normal Doppler) were excluded from the final analysis because they had a pre‐term delivery. One case (abnormal Doppler) had evidence of intrauterine growth restriction at the time of enrolment. In four out of eight cases (abnormal Doppler), intrauterine growth restriction was subsequently observed. Multiples of median (MoM) conversion of the fetal DNA values showed an increase of 1.81 times in the cases when compared to the controls. An increase of 2.16 times was instead observed for the cases with a growth‐restricted fetus (5 cases out of 8) in comparison with the controls (14 cases).ConclusionsIn subjects positive to uterine artery Doppler velocimetry analysis (Doppler analysis for pre‐eclampsia screening), the fetal DNA concentration is higher than expected, in the absence of any other clinical feature. Since the increase in fetal DNA seems to be related to the presence or to the future development of intrauterine growth restriction, this paper suggests a possible integration between ultrasound and molecular markers for predicting the disease in some cases. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Frequency and clinical consequences of extremely high maternal serum PAPP‐A levels
Authors: Cuckle H. , Arbuzova S. , Spencer K. , Crossley J. , Barkai G. , Krantz D. , Muller F. , Nikolenko M. , Aitken D. , Hallahan T. , Macri J. , Buchanan P. D. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA multicentre study was carried out to determine the frequency and clinical consequences of extremely high maternal serum pregnancy‐associated plasma protein (PAPP)‐A. There was a total of 79 pregnancies with PAPP‐A exceeding 5.0 multiples of the gestation‐specific median in a series of 46 776 pregnancies tested (0.2%) at the 7 collaborating centres. Five pregnancies were lost to follow‐up, one miscarried and one with Noonan's syndrome was terminated. Of the remaining 72 that ended in a live birth, one infant had gastroschisis and five pregnancies had obstetric complications: pre‐eclampsia, pregnancy‐induced hypertension, gestational diabetes and two with growth retardation. Among women with high PAPP‐A and no complications or adverse outcomes, there was no evidence of a substantial change in the levels of other Down syndrome markers or the extent of nuchal translucency. Three analytical methods were used to assay PAPP‐A and yielded different frequencies of extremely high levels (0.05%, 0.4% and 0.6%) possibly owing to cross‐reaction with another substance. We conclude that women with high PAPP‐A can be reassured that there is no reason to suppose that the outcome of pregnancy will differ from those with normal levels, provided other markers are normal. If, as more centres move their Down syndrome screening practice to the first trimester, additional cases emerge with Noonan's syndrome or gastroschisis and raised PAPP‐A, this advice will need to be modified. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nonlinear stress relaxation of an entangled linear polystyrene in single step‐strain flow: A quantitative theoretical investigation
Authors: Chen Chun Y. , Wu Seng M. , Chen Zhi R. , Huang Tien J. , Hua Chi C. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe nonlinear stress relaxation of a nearly monodisperse, moderately entangled polystyrene solution (i.e., roughly seven entanglements per chain at equilibrium) in single step‐strain flow is investigated quantitatively by a detailed comparison of an existing set of experimental data with a simulation based on the tube model. The proposed simulation enables the effects of primary nonlinear relaxation mechanisms other than chain retraction to be identified more clearly and investigated individually. Two peculiar nonlinear relaxation behaviors are observed in this experiment. One is concerned with an apparent enhancement in the stress relaxation at short times, and the other is responsible for a seeming slowdown of the stress relaxation at long times. These findings are discussed within the tube model, in view of the effects of convective constraint release, partial strand extension, and nonaffine deformation. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 1281–1293, 2003
Molecular characterization of a hyperbranched polyester. I. Dilute solution properties
Authors: De Luca Edoardo , Richards Randal W. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA hyperbranched polyester was fractionated by precipitation to produce 10 fractions with molecular weights between 20 × 103 and 520 × 103 g mol−1. Each of these fractions was examined by size exclusion chromatography, dilute‐solution viscometry, intensity, and quasi‐elastic light scattering in chloroform solution at 298 K. High‐resolution solution‐state 13C NMR was used to determine the degree of branching; for all fractions this factor was 0.5 ± 0.1. Viscometric contraction factors, g′, decreased with increasing molecular weight, and the relation of this parameter to the configurational contraction factor, g, calculated from a theoretical relation suggested a very strong dependence on the universal viscosity constant, Φ, on the contraction factor. A modified Stockmayer–Fixman plot was used to determine the value of (〈r2〉o/Mw)1/2, which was much larger than the value for the analogous linear polymer. The scaling relations of the various characteristic radii (Rg, Rh, RT, and Rη) with molecular weight all had exponents less than 0.5 that agreed with the theoretical predictions for hyperbranched polymers. The exponent for Rg was interpreted as fractal dimension and had a value of 2.38 ± 0.25, a value that is of the same order as that anticipated by theory for branched polymers in theta conditions and certainly not approaching the value of 3 that would be associated with the spherical morphology and uniform segment density distribution of dendrimers. Second virial coefficients from light scattering are positive, but the variation of the interpenetration function, ψ, with molecular weight and the friction coefficient, ko, obtained from the concentration dependence of the diffusion coefficient suggests that chloroform is not a particularly good solvent for the hyperbranched polyester and that the molecules are soft and penetrable with little spherical nature. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 1339–1351, 2003
Experience with breast cancer, pre‐screening perceived susceptibility and the psychological impact of screening
Authors: Absetz Pilvikki , Aro Arja R. , Sutton Stephen R. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThis prospective study examined whether the psychological impact of organized mammography screening is influenced by women's pre‐existing experience with breast cancer and perceived susceptibility (PS) to the disease. From a target population of 16,886, a random sample of women with a normal screening finding and all women with a false positive or a benign biopsy finding were included (N=1942). Data were collected with postal questionnaires 1‐month before screening invitation and 2 and 12 months after screening. Response rate was 63% at baseline; 86, and 80% of the baseline participants responded to the follow‐ups. Psychological impact was measured as anxiety (STAI‐S), depression (BDI), health‐related concerns (IAS), and breast cancer‐specific beliefs and concerns. Data was analyzed with repeated measures analyses of variance, with estimates of effect size based on Eta‐squared. Women with breast cancer experience had higher risk perception already before screening invitation; after screening they were also more distressed. Women with high PS were more distressed than women with low PS also at pre‐invitation. The distress was not alleviated by screening, but instead remained even after normal mammograms. Experience and PS did not influence responses to different screening findings. Of the finding groups, false positives experienced most adverse effects: their risk perception increased and they reported most post‐screening breast cancer‐specific concerns. Furthermore, they became more frequent in breast self‐examination (BSE) despite a simultaneous decrease in BSE self‐efficacy. Our findings suggest that women with high PS and women with false positive screening finding may need individualized counseling and follow‐up as much as women with a family history of breast cancer. Besides medical risk factors, women's own perceptions of susceptibility should be discussed during the screening process. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Cancer Coping Questionnaire: A self‐rating scale for measuring the impact of adjuvant psychological therapy on coping behaviour
Authors: Moorey Stirling , Frampton Maria , Greer Steven 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe Cancer Coping Questionnaire is a brief, self‐rating scale designed to measure coping strategies taught in Adjuvant Psychological Therapy. This paper describes the development of the 21 item Cancer Coping Questionnaire (CCQ) in a sample of 201 patients with mixed cancers. The construct validity and reliability of the instrument are reported from work on 3 samples (a mixed cancer group, n=42; women with breast cancer, n=50; and a group of patients referred for psychological help, n=48). The CCQ showed very good internal reliability and test–retest reliability. As hypothesised cancer patients with more psychological morbidity demonstrated lower CCQ scores, and the CCQ correlated with measures of adjustment to cancer. Compared with an established coping inventory (the Coping Responses Indices; CRI) the CCQs overall individual scale (items 1–14) assessed similar coping areas, particularly in relation to the CRIs foci of coping. The CCQ correlated with Active Behavioural Coping methods on the CRI. The study did not demonstrate sufficiently consistent results concerning the Interpersonal Scale of the CCQ to confirm its validity. Further psychometric work is needed, but the study demonstrated the reliability and validity of the CCQ, supporting the view that change in CCQ scores with cognitive therapy indicates improvement in coping. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The group psychotherapy and home‐based physical exercise (group‐hope) trial in cancer survivors: Physical fitness and quality of life outcomes
Authors: Courneya Kerry S. , Friedenreich Christine M. , Sela Rami A. , Quinney H. Arthur , Rhodes Ryan. E. , Handman Michael 
Published: May 2003

AbstractPhysical exercise has been shown to enhance quality of life (QOL) in cancer survivors using pretest–posttest designs and compared to usual care (i.e. no intervention). In the present study, we conducted a randomized controlled trial to determine if exercise could improve QOL in cancer survivors beyond the known benefits of group psychotherapy (GP). We matched 22 GP classes (N=108) on content and then randomly assigned 11 (n=48) to GP alone and 11 (n=60) to GP plus home‐based, moderate‐intensity exercise (GP+EX). Participants completed a physical fitness test and QOL measures (e.g. Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy scales) at the beginning and end of GP classes (about 10 weeks). We had excellent recruitment (81%), retention (89%), and adherence (84%) rates and a modest contamination (22%) rate. Using intention‐to‐treat repeated measures analyses of variance, we found significant Time by Condition interactions for functional well‐being, fatigue, and sum of skinfolds. We also found borderline significant interactions for physical well‐being, satisfaction with life, and flexibility. All interactions favored the GP+EX condition. We conclude that a home‐based, moderate intensity exercise program may im‐prove QOL in cancer survivors beyond the benefits of GP, particularly in relation to physical and functional well‐being. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.