bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Childhood Caries and Nutritional Status of Children: A Review
Authors: Nadeeshani Harshani , Kudagammana Sanath Thushara , Herath Chandra , Jayasinghe Ruwan , Liyanage Ruvini 
Published: December 2023

Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a serious public health issue affecting children around the world. Severe symptoms and complications commonly found with ECC are adverse effects on health and growth retardation triggered by sensitivity, pain, and abscesses associated with decayed teeth, premature tooth loss, and insufficient food intake due to difficulty in chewing and keeping food in the mouth. Objective: This article aims to provide an overview of the most recent and current evidence on the association between ECC and nutritional status with an aim to stimulate further research and to identify the impact of nutritional status on ECC and vice versa. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were used to search the studies conducted between 2016 and 2022. The included studies were searched using some keyword combinations and saved in Mendeley Desktop for review and referencing. All books, policy briefs, thesis/dissertations, and non-peer-reviewed articles were excluded, and 47 studies were selected for this narrative review. Results: Many studies have identified long-term, frequent, and nocturnal bottle-feeding and breastfeeding as well as frequent consumption of sugary food and beverages as high-risk factors for ECC. Adverse nutritional status assessed by anthropometric measures, vitamin D status, and iron-deficiency anemia have been studied as risk factors for ECC. Conclusions: Most of the prevailing studies are either case-control or cross-sectional studies, which are unable to provide strong evidence to prove the direction of causality. Thus, further prospective studies are needed to clarify the association between ECC and the nutritional status of children.
Effect of parasitic losses on the design optimization of inward flow radial supercritical CO2 turbines
Authors: Hoque Syed J , Lanjewar Saurabh , Kumar Pramod 
Published: December 2023

Inward flow radial (IFR) supercritical CO2 (sCO2) turbines are smaller in size and operate at considerably higher speeds in comparison to similar capacity conventional gas or steam turbines. The compact size and high speed of IFR turbines result in significant parasitic (leakage and disk friction) losses at the rotor backface. This paper presents CFD investigations to understand the mechanism of parasitic losses of IFR turbines in the kW to MW power scales. The first part of the paper presents a parametric study to quantify the effect of backface flowpath dimensions, rotor inlet radius, and rotational speed on the magnitude of parasitic losses. Subsequently, the paper proposes the implementation of a radial labyrinth seal on the rotor backface to curtail the parasitic losses. The second part of the paper examines how the power scale of the turbine and its design parameters, specific speed and velocity ratio, influence the magnitude of parasitic losses. The investigation reveals that parasitic losses cause an efficiency drop of 8%–15% for 100 kW and 4%–9% for 1 MW IFR sCO2 turbines. In addition, IFR turbines designed for low specific speeds and high velocity ratios result in notably higher parasitic losses, leading to a decline in turbine efficiency. Finally, the paper presents optimal turbine design parameters accounting for the parasitic losses to maximize turbine efficiency.
Assessment of Multiple Dimensions of Psychological Well-Being in Swiss Youth Born with a Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Lecommandeur Solène , de Buys Roessingh Anthony , Dumont Lisa , Camenzind Lucia , Habersaat Stéphanie , Schechter Daniel S. , Jung Christelle , Despars Josée , Urben Sébastien , Morisod Harari Mathilde 
Published: December 2023

Objective This study examines the psychological well-being of Swiss youths born with a unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), in a multi-dimensional and clinical perspective. Design Retrospective cross-sectional study. Setting Self-report questionnaires completed by youths born with UCLP, followed at a specialized cleft clinic in Switzerland, and by peers without UCLP, recruited in schools of the Vaud county, Switzerland. Participants Youths aged 7.5 to 16, born with UCLP (clinical group, n = 41, 29.2% female) or without UCLP (control group, n = 56, 49.0% female). Outcome measures Adverse life events (ALE; Adverse Life Events), behavioral and emotional symptoms ( Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and Post-Traumatic Checklist Scale), bodily self-esteem ( Body Esteem Scale), quality of life ( Kidscreen-27), emotion regulation ( Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire), social support ( Sarason's Social Support Questionnaire). Results Most outcomes showed no significant group-difference. Compared to matched peers, youths with UCLP reported lower psychological quality of life and social support satisfaction, along with positive factors of fewer ALE and lower non-adaptive emotion regulation. In youths with UCLP, higher scores for ALE were associated with higher total scores for behavioral and emotional symptoms. Higher scores for bodily self-esteem were associated with higher scores for satisfaction of social support and adaptive emotion regulation. Conclusions Youths with UCLP show globally similar psychological well-being as matched peers. We observed some vulnerabilities but also protective factors, which support the need for psychological perspective within multidisciplinary care. The relationships between dimensions suggest specific targets that may have an impact in context of intervention.
Correlation Between Presurgical Alveolar Cleft Volume Measured by Simulation Software Using CBCT and Actual Bone Volume Used for Grafting
Authors: Jotikasthira Poomsthira , Chaiworawitkul Marasri , Khwanngern Krit , Powcharoen Warit 
Published: December 2023

Objective To assess correlation between presurgical alveolar cleft volume measured by simulation software using CBCT and actual bone volume used for grafting. Design Prospective. Setting University hospital. Patients Patients with UCCLP who underwent alveolar bone grafting. Interventions 23 CBCT images of patients with UCCLP, aged 8.6–22.9 years, were taken. Alveolar cleft volume was measured using Mimics® software. Paired t-test was used to compare volume calculated from two measuring methods. Independent t-test was used to compare the volume between two age groups. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to assess correlation between two measuring methods. Main Outcome Measures Paired t-test showed statistically significant difference between two measuring methods. Independent t-test showed statistically significant difference between both measuring methods in both age groups. Differences between two variables in both age groups were not significantly different. Pearson's correlation coefficient indicated significantly positive correlation between presurgical alveolar cleft volume measured by simulation software using CBCT and actual bone volume used for grafting. Results Mean alveolar cleft volume measured by computer simulation was 1.30  ±  0.40 ml, whereas actual bone volume used for grafting was 1.10  ±  0.39 ml. Mean difference between both measuring methods was 0.20  ±  0.14 ml. Mean alveolar cleft volume measured by simulation software, as well as actual bone volume used for grafting, differ significantly between 2 age groups. Conclusions There was significantly positive correlation between two measuring methods. CBCT method overestimated actual bone graft volume. Surgeons may harvest alveolar bone grafts ranging from 82% to 100% of CBCT volume.
Abdominal ultrasonographic findings of cats with feline infectious peritonitis: an update
Authors: Müller Thiago R , Penninck Dominique G , Webster Cynthia RL , Conrado Francisco O 
Published: December 2023

Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the abdominal ultrasonographic findings in cats with confirmed or presumed feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). Methods This was a retrospective study performed in an academic veterinary hospital. The diagnosis of FIP was reached on review of history, signalment, clinical presentation, complete blood count, biochemistry panel, peritoneal fluid analysis, cytology and/or histopathology results from abnormal organs, and/or molecular testing (immunohistochemical or FIP coronavirus [FCoV] RT-PCR). Cats with confirmed FIP by molecular testing or with a highly suspicious diagnosis of FIP were included. Abdominal ultrasound examination findings were reviewed. Results In total, 25 cats were included. Common clinical signs/pathology findings included hyperglobulinemia (96%), anorexia/hyporexia (80%) and lethargy (56%). Abdominal ultrasound findings included effusion in 88% and lymphadenopathy in 80%. Hepatic changes were noted in 80%, the most common being hepatomegaly (58%) and a hypoechoic liver (48%). Intestinal changes were noted in 68% of cats, characterized by asymmetric wall thickening and/or loss of wall layering, with 52% being ileocecocolic junction and/or colonic in location. Splenic changes were present in 36% of cats, including splenomegaly, mottled parenchyma and hypoechoic nodules. Renal changes were present in 32%, encompassing a hypoechoic subcapsular rim and/or cortical nodules. Mesenteric and peritoneal abnormalities were seen in 28% and 16% of cats, respectively. Most cats (92%) had two or more locations of abdominal abnormalities on ultrasound. Conclusions and relevance The present study documents a wider range and distribution of ultrasonographic lesions in cats with FIP than previously reported. The presence of effusion and lymph node, hepatic and/or gastrointestinal tract changes were the most common findings, and most of the cats had a combination of two or more abdominal abnormalities.
Clinical and radiological correlates of apathy in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Tazza Francesco , Schiavi Simona , Leveraro Elisa , Cellerino Maria , Boffa Giacomo , Ballerini Stefania , Dighero Mara , Uccelli Antonio , Sbragia Elvira , Aluan Kenda , Inglese Matilde , Lapucci Caterina 
Published: December 2023

Background: Although apathy has been associated with fronto-striatal dysfunction in several neurological disorders, its clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) correlates have been poorly investigated in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Objectives: To evaluate clinical variables and investigate microstructural integrity of fronto-striatal grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) structures using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Methods: A total of 123 PwMS (age: 40.25 ± 11.5; female: 60.9%; relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis: 75.6%) were prospectively enrolled and underwent neurological and neuropsychological evaluation, including Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES-S), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) and brain 3T-MRI volumes of whole brain, frontal/prefrontal cortex (PFC) and subcortical regions were calculated. DTI-derived metrics were evaluated in the same GM regions and in connecting WM tracts. Results: Apathetic PwMS (32.5%) showed lower education levels, higher HADS, MFIS scores and WM lesions volume than nonapathetic PwMS. Significant differences in DTI metrics were found in middle frontal, anterior cingulate and superior frontal PFC subregions and in caudate nuclei. Significant alterations were found in the right cingulum and left striatal-frontorbital tracts. Conclusions: Apathy in PwMS is associated with higher levels of physical disability, depression, anxiety and fatigue together with lower educational backgrounds. Microstructural damage within frontal cortex, caudate and fronto-striatal WM bundles is a significant pathological substrate of apathy in multiple sclerosis (MS).
Experiences of online group support for engaging and supporting participants in the National Health Service Digital Diabetes Prevention Programme: A qualitative interview study
Authors: Cheung Wang Chun , Miles Lisa M , Hawkes Rhiannon E , French David P 
Published: December 2023

Objectives The National Health Service Digital Diabetes Prevention Programme is a nine-month behavioural intervention for adults in England at risk of type 2 diabetes. This qualitative study aimed to explore how service users engaged with the group support available within the programme. Methods The majority of participants ( n = 33), all service users, were interviewed twice via telephone, at 2–4 months into the programme, and at the end of the programme at 8–10 months. Semi-structured interviews covered participants’ experiences of online group support functions and how such groups served as a route of support to aid participants’ behavioural changes. Data were analysed using manifest thematic analysis. Results The majority of participants valued the format of closed group chats, which provided an interactive platform to offer and receive support during their behaviour change journey. However, engagement with group chats reduced over time, and some participants did not find them useful when there was a lack of common interests within the group. Health coaches helped to promote engagement and build rapport among participants within the group chats. Participants reported mixed experiences of discussion forums. Conclusions Programme developers should consider how to optimise online group support to help service users make behavioural changes, in terms of format, participant composition and use of health coach moderators. Further research is required to better understand who might benefit most from ‘group chat’ or ‘discussion forum’ support. Health coach moderation of online support groups is likely to facilitate engagement.
The relationship between hyperpolypharmacy and one-year outcomes in patients with critical limb ischemia undergoing below-knee endovascular therapy
Authors: Altunova Mehmet , Gulmez Recep , Karakayali Muammer , Gurbak Ismail , Tasbulak Omer , Demirci Gökhan , Guler Arda , Evsen Ali , Bulut Umit , Erturk Mehmet 
Published: December 2023

Background Critical limb ischemia (CLI) patients take too many medications because they are elderly and frail patients with multiple comorbidities. Polypharmacy is associated with frailty, although its prognostic significance in CLI patients is unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of hyperpolypharmacy among adults with CLI and its effect on 1-year amputation and mortality. Methods A total of 200 patients with CLI who underwent endovascular therapy (EVT) for below-knee (CTC) lesions were included in this study. Hyperpolypharmacy was defined as using ≥10 drugs. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of hyperpolypharmacy Results We detected hyperpolypharmacy in 66 patients. The incidence of 1-year amputation [24 (36.4) versus 12 (9), p<.001] and mortality [28 (42.4) versus 12 (9), p<.001] were higher in patients with hyperpolypharmacy. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses were used to determine the independent predictors of amputation and mortality. In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the cut-off value was defined as 10 or more drug use was able to detect the presence of 1-year mortality with 67.5% sensitivity and 79.4% specificity. The Kaplan–Meier method showed a significant difference (rank p <.001 between log groups), and hyperpolypharmacy was associated with 1-year amputation and mortality. Conclusion Hyperpolypharmacy was significantly associated with 1-year mortality and major amputation in CLI patients. Hyperpolypharmacy can be a valuable aid in patient risk assessment in the CLI.
Re-tensioning Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using an Adjustable Femoral Button
Authors: Rocha de Faria José Leonardo , Pavão Douglas Mello , de Paula Rafael Erthal , Paravidino João Mateus , Laett Conrado Torres , Alexandre Dângelo José de Andrade , Ramallo Daniel , e Albuquerque Rodrigo Sattamini Pires , Maia Phelippe Valente , Mozella Alan de Paula 
Published: December 2023

Background: Despite advancements in surgical techniques for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) treatment, persistent functional impairment, reduced quality of life, and limited physical activity participation continue to be common after postoperative rehabilitation. We modify the traditional ACL reconstruction method by using hamstring tendons grafts and re-tensioning them. Indications: This procedure is indicated for patients undergoing ACL reconstruction surgery with soft tissue grafts, utilizing femoral fixation with an adjustable button and tibial fixation with an interference screw. Technique Description: We employ hamstring grafts for ACL reconstruction and perform femoral fixation using an adjustable button. Initially, we pull the graft approximately 10 mm less than the length of the thickest tunnel drill. This allows for subsequent graft traction after tibial fixation. Following tibial fixation, we pull the graft proximally, inserting it a few millimeters further into the femoral tunnel. This re-tensioning increases tension and enhances physical examination results. In addition, we incorporate the braid graft technique to augment the graft's final thickness. Results: This technique yields reduced postoperative residual laxity during physical examinations. Our institution's ethics committee is currently reviewing a clinical study comparing functional outcomes with traditional techniques. Discussion/Conclusion: The ACL re-tensioning technique is easily implemented and involves a subtle modification to the traditional approach, allowing for graft re-tensioning and diminishing the risk of residual laxity post-interference screw fixation. This approach acknowledges that insertion of the interference screw can inadvertently reduce graft tension, counteracting the tension applied during fixation. Consequently, this technique is expected to yield superior clinical outcomes.
Genotype-by-environment interactions for feed efficiency traits in Nellore cattle based on bi-trait reaction norm models
Authors: Silva Neto João B. , Mota Lucio F. M. , Amorim Sabrina T. , Peripolli Elisa , Brito Luiz F. , Magnabosco Claudio U. , Baldi Fernando 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Selecting animals for feed efficiency directly impacts the profitability of the beef cattle industry, which contributes to minimizing the environmental footprint of beef production. Genetic and environmental factors influence animal feed efficiency, leading to phenotypic variability when exposed to different environmental conditions (i.e., temperature and nutritional level). Thus, our aim was to assess potential genotype-by-environment (G × E) interactions for dry matter intake (DMI) and residual feed intake (RFI) in Nellore cattle (Bos taurus indicus) based on bi-trait reaction norm models (RN) and evaluate the genetic association between RFI and DMI across different environmental gradient (EG) levels. For this, we used phenotypic information on 12,958 animals (young bulls and heifers) for DMI and RFI recorded during 158 feed efficiency trials.

Results
The heritability estimates for DMI and RFI across EG ranged from 0.26 to 0.54 and from 0.07 to 0.41, respectively. The average genetic correlations (± standard deviation) across EG for DMI and RFI were 0.83 ± 0.19 and 0.81 ± 0.21, respectively, with the lowest genetic correlation estimates observed between extreme EG levels (low vs. high) i.e. 0.22 for RFI and 0.26 for DMI, indicating the presence of G × E interactions. The genetic correlation between RFI and DMI across EG levels decreased as the EG became more favorable and ranged from 0.79 (lowest EG) to 0.52 (highest EG). Based on the estimated breeding values from extreme EG levels (low vs. high), we observed a moderate Spearman correlation of 0.61 (RFI) and 0.55 (DMI) and a selection coincidence of 53.3% and 40.0% for RFI and DMI, respectively.

Conclusions
Our results show evidence of G × E interactions on feed efficiency traits in Nellore cattle, especially in feeding trials with an average daily gain (ADG) that is far from the expected of 1 kg/day, thus increasing reranking of animals.
Exploration and validation of a combined Hypoxia and m6A/m5C/m1A regulated gene signature for prognosis prediction of liver cancer
Authors: ren Min , Fan Bei , Cao Guangcai , Zong Rongrong , Feng Liaoliao , Sun Huiru 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
It is widely acknowledged that hypoxia and m6A/m5C/m1A RNA modifications promote the occurrence and development of tumors by regulating the tumor microenvironment. This study aimed to establish a novel liver cancer risk signature based on hypoxia and m6A/m5C/m1A modifications.

Methods
We collected data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA-LIHC), the National Omics Data Encyclopedia (NODE-HCC), the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases for our study (GSE59729, GSE41666). Using Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method, we developed a risk signature for liver cancer based on differentially expressed genes related to hypoxia and genes regulated by m6A/m5C/m1A modifications. We stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups and assessed differences between these groups in terms of gene mutations, copy number variations, pathway enrichment, stemness scores, immune infiltration, and predictive capabilities of the model for immunotherapy and chemotherapy efficacy.

Results
Our analysis revealed a significantly correlated between hypoxia and methylation as well as m6A/m5C/m1A RNA methylation. The three-gene prognosis signature (CEP55, DPH2, SMS) combining hypoxia and m6A/m5C/m1A regulated genes exhibited strong predictive performance in TCGA-LIHC, NODE-HCC, and ICGC-LIHC-JP cohorts. The low-risk group demonstrated a significantly better overall survival compared to the high-risk group (p < 0.0001 in TCGA, p = 0.0043 in NODE, p = 0.0015 in ICGC). The area under the curve (AUC) values for survival at 1, 2, and 3 years are all greater than 0.65 in the three cohorts. Univariate and Multivariate Cox regression analyses of the three datasets indicated that the signature could serve as an independent prognostic predictor (p < 0.001 in the three cohorts). The high-risk group exhibited more genome changes and higher homologous recombination deficiency scores and stemness scores. Analysis of immune infiltration and immune activation confirmed that the signature was associated with various immune microenvironment characteristics. Finally, patients in the high-risk group experienced a more favorable response to immunotherapy, and various common chemotherapy drugs.

Conclusion
Our prognostic signature which integrates hypoxia and m6A/m5C/m1A-regulated genes, provides valuable insights for clinical prediction and treatment guidance for liver cancer patients.