bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integration of machine learning to identify diagnostic genes in leukocytes for acute myocardial infarction patients
Authors: Zhang Lin , Liu Yue , Wang Kaiyue , Ou Xiangqin , Zhou Jiashun , Zhang Houliang , Huang Min , Du Zhenfang , Qiang Sheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has two clinical characteristics: high missed diagnosis and dysfunction of leukocytes. Transcriptional RNA on leukocytes is closely related to the course evolution of AMI patients. We hypothesized that transcriptional RNA in leukocytes might provide potential diagnostic value for AMI. Integration machine learning (IML) was first used to explore AMI discrimination genes. The following clinical study was performed to validate the results.

Methods
A total of four AMI microarrays (derived from the Gene Expression Omnibus) were included in bioanalysis (220 sample size). Then, the clinical validation was finished with 20 AMI and 20 stable coronary artery disease patients (SCAD). At a ratio of 5:2, GSE59867 was included in the training set, while GSE60993, GSE62646, and GSE48060 were included in the testing set. IML was explicitly proposed in this research, which is composed of six machine learning algorithms, including support vector machine (SVM), neural network (NN), random forest (RF), gradient boosting machine (GBM), decision trees (DT), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). IML had two functions in this research: filtered optimized variables and predicted the categorized value. Finally, The RNA of the recruited patients was analyzed to verify the results of IML.

Results
Thirty-nine differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between controls and AMI individuals from the training sets. Among the thirty-nine DEGs, IML was used to process the predicted classification model and identify potential candidate genes with overall normalized weights > 1. Finally, two genes (AQP9 and SOCS3) show their diagnosis value with the area under the curve (AUC) > 0.9 in both the training and testing sets. The clinical study verified the significance of AQP9 and SOCS3. Notably, more stenotic coronary arteries or severe Killip classification indicated higher levels of these two genes, especially SOCS3. These two genes correlated with two immune cell types, monocytes and neutrophils.

Conclusion
AQP9 and SOCS3 in leukocytes may be conducive to identifying AMI patients with SCAD patients. AQP9 and SOCS3 are closely associated with monocytes and neutrophils, which might contribute to advancing AMI diagnosis and shed light on novel genetic markers. Multiple clinical characteristics, multicenter, and large-sample relevant trials are still needed to confirm its clinical value.
Spatiotemporal evolution of AML immune microenvironment remodeling and RNF149-driven drug resistance through single-cell multidimensional analysis
Authors: Wu Xin , Wu Zhongguang , Deng Woding , Xu Rong , Ban Chunmei , Sun Xiaoying , Zhao Qiangqiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The composition of the bone marrow immune microenvironment in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) was analysed by single-cell sequencing and the evolutionary role of different subpopulations of T cells in the development of AML and in driving drug resistance was explored in conjunction with E3 ubiquitin ligase-related genes.

Methods
To elucidate the mechanisms underlying AML-NR and Ara-C resistance, we analyzed the bone marrow immune microenvironment of AML patients by integrating multiple single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. When compared to the AML disease remission (AML-CR) cohort, AML-NR displayed distinct cellular interactions and alterations in the ratios of CD4+T, Treg, and CD8+T cell populations.

Results
Our findings indicate that the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF149 accelerates AML progression, modifies the AML immune milieu, triggers CD8+T cell dysfunction, and influences the transformation of CD8+ Navie.T cells to CD8+TExh, culminating in diminished AML responsiveness to chemotherapeutic agents. Experiments both in vivo and in vitro revealed RNF149’s role in enhancing AML drug-resistant cell line proliferation and in apoptotic inhibition, fostering resistance to Ara-C.

Conclusion
In essence, the immune microenvironments of AML-CR and AML-NR diverge considerably, spotlighting RNF149’s tumorigenic function in AML and cementing its status as a potential prognostic indicator and innovative therapeutic avenue for countering AML resistance.

Graphical Abstract
Cost-effective 3D scanning and printing technologies for outer ear reconstruction: current status
Authors: Wersényi György , Scheper Verena , Spagnol Simone , Eixelberger Thomas , Wittenberg Thomas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCurrent 3D scanning and printing technologies offer not only state-of-the-art developments in the field of medical imaging and bio-engineering, but also cost and time effective solutions for surgical reconstruction procedures. Besides tissue engineering, where living cells are used, bio-compatible polymers or synthetic resin can be applied. The combination of 3D handheld scanning devices or volumetric imaging, (open-source) image processing packages, and 3D printers form a complete workflow chain that is capable of effective rapid prototyping of outer ear replicas. This paper reviews current possibilities and latest use cases for 3D-scanning, data processing and printing of outer ear replicas with a focus on low-cost solutions for rehabilitation engineering.
Concomitant malnutrition and frailty are significant risk factors for poor outcome following two-stage revision for chronic periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Shi Tengbin , Chen Zhi , Hu Dingxiang , Wu Dingwei , Wang Zhenyu , Liu Wenge 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Two-stage revision remains the gold standard for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) treatment. Although previous studies have examined malnutrition and frailty independently, their cumulative effects are not clear. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the individual and combined influence of malnutrition and frailty on the two-stage revision surgery.

Methods
Patients with chronic PJI undergoing two-stage revision were retrospectively included. The definition of PJI is completely consistent with the evidence-based definition of PJI recorded by the MSIS in 2018. Preoperative serum albumin levels and 11-item modified frailty index scores were collected. Four cohorts were created: (1) Normal (N), (2) Frail (F), (3) Malnourished (M), and (4) Malnourished and frail (MF). Demographic data, comorbidities, and postoperative complications were collected and compared between the four cohorts.

Results
A total of 117 consecutive patients were enrolled, 48% of patients were healthy (27.4% F, 16.2% M, and 9.4% MF). MF group showed lower scores on the physical composite scale of the 12-item short-form health survey (SF12-PCS), mental composite summary (SF12-MCS), Harris hip score (HHS), and knee society score (KSS) (P < 0.05). The incidence of reinfection in the MF group was higher than that in all other groups (MF vs. N; odds ratio [OR] 3.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.37 − 8.82, P = 0.032). The incidence of complications in the MF group was higher than that in all other groups (MF vs. N; OR 4.81, 95% CI 1.58–9.26, P = 0.018). Postoperative transfusion events (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.27–3.09, P = 0.021), readmission at 60 days after the operation (OR 4.91, 95% CI 1.82–13.80, P = 0.012) was higher in the MF patients. In addition, the extended length of stay after the operation was highest in the MF patients, with an OR of 5.78 (95% CI 2.16–12.04, P = 0.003).

Conclusion
The concurrent presence of concomitant malnutrition and frailty in patients with PJI is related to poor prognosis and may be a predictor of the efficacy of two-stage revision. Future research will be needed to describe the benefits of improving these risk factors for patients with PJI.
Case report: video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for pulmonary arteriovenous malformation using near-infrared fluorescence with indocyanine green
Authors: Han Tianxiao , Gao Jian , Wang Zhenfan , Zhou Jian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is an abnormal communication between pulmonary vasculatures and has an unclear boundary with surrounding lung tissues. At present, surgeons can only determine its location by preoperative imaging and intraoperative palpation, despite its soft texture. Indocyanine green(ICG), a near-infrared fluorophore, has been demonstrated useful in the accurate identification of vascular tissue. Therefore, we explored its application in PAVM cases.

Case presentation
We present two PAVM cases using near-infrared fluorescence (NIF) with 25 mg ICG at 5 mg/ml to achieve intraoperative visualization of the lesion in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Under the NIF mode, ICG systemic injection led to successive signaling of the anomaly and normal tissues in merely 10 s, which helped us distinguish them efficiently and precisely. A peak signal-to-background ratio of 2.2 confirmed the significant fluorescence difference and excluded interference from carbon dust.

Conclusions
We are the first to report the use of such an approach in delineating the margin of vascular malformation with high contrast, and this new finding may help minimize the damage to lung function in PAVM treatment. Further exploration and validation are needed to determine its role.
Discovery of novel 2,3,4,5-tetrahydrospiro[benzo[c]azepine-1,1’-cyclohexan]-5-ol derivatives as PARP-1 inhibitors
Authors: Yu Ling , Li Jian-hui , Zhu Ju , Wang You-de , Yan Zhi-wei , Zhang Li-ying , Li Shuai 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs an essential marker of cancer treatment, PARP-1 inhibitors could effectively kill tumor cells through a mechanism known as synthetic lethality and are used to treat a variety of cancers. In order to explore novel PARP-1 inhibitors, a series of 22 novel erythrina derivatives were reported and preliminarily explored their mechanism of action. The antitumor activities against four human cancer cell lines including A549, OVCAR-3, HCT-116, and MCF-7 were evaluated, and the preliminary SARs were summarized. Among them, compound 11b exhibited better anti-proliferative effects against A549 cells (IC50 = 1.95 µM). The SI results showed that compound 11b had low toxicity. Moreover, compound 11b displayed excellent PARP-1 inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 19.24 nM. In addition, molecular docking studies provided the rational binding modes of compound 11b in complexes with PARP-1. The flow cytometry assays revealed that compound 11b could induce apoptosis of A549 cells (P < 0.001). Simultaneously, compound 11b could effectively reduce the formation of PAR (P < 0.001). The ADMET prediction results indicated compound 11b had similar properties to rucaparib. Collectively, compound 11b has potential research value for further investigation.
Aon: a service to augment Alliance Genome Resource data with additional species
Authors: Kearney Sophie K. , Berger Alexander , Baker Erich 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
Cross-species comparative genomics requires access to accurate homology data across the entire range of annotated genes. The Alliance of Genome Resources (AGR) provides an open-source and comprehensive database of homology data calculated using a wide array of algorithms at differing stringencies to elucidate orthologous relationships. However, the current AGR application program interface (API) is limited to five homology endpoints for nine species. While AGR provides a robust resource for several canonical species, its utility can be greatly enhanced by increased filtering and data processing options and incorporating additional species.

Results
Here, we describe a novel API tool, AON, that expands access to the AGR orthology resource by creating a data structure that supports 50 additional endpoints. More importantly, it provides users with a framework for adding bespoke endpoints, custom species, and additional orthology data. We demonstrate AON’s functionality by incorporating the service into the GeneWeaver ecosystem for supporting cross-species data analysis.
PEERNaija—a mobile health platform incentivizing medication adherence among youth living with HIV in Nigeria: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pierce Leslie J. , Were Martin C. , Amaral Sandra , Aliyu Muktar H. , Ezechi Oliver , David Agatha , Idigbe Ifeoma , Musa Adesola Z. , Okonkwo Prosper , Dowshen Nadia , Ahonkhai Aima A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Poor medication adherence is a major barrier to HIV control among youth living with HIV (Y-PLWH). The PEERNaija application (app) is an adapted smartphone app grounded in social cognitive and contigency management theories and designed to harness peer-based social incentives and conditional financial incentives to promote medication adherence. The app delivers a multifaceted medication adherence intervention including (1) peer-based social incentives, (2) financial incentives, (3) virtual peer social support, and (4) early clinic-based outreach for non-adherent Y-PLWH. A pilot trial of the app will be conducted in Nigeria, Africa’s most populous country with the 4th largest HIV epidemic, and home to 10% of the world’s four million Y-PLWH.

Methods
In this randomized controlled trial, we will compare implementation outcomes (feasibility, acceptability, appropriateness measured via validated scales, enrollment and application installation rates, feedback surveys and focus group discussions with participants, and back-end application data), and preliminary efficacy (in improving medication adherence and viral suppression) of the PEERNaija app at 6 months. Participants in Arm 1 (PEERNaija) will receive daily medication reminders, peer-based social incentives, and virtual peer social support. Participants in Arm 2 (PEERNaija +) will additionally receive a conditional financial incentive based on their adherence performance. Eligibility for Y-PLWH includes (1) being aged 14–29 years, (2) being on ART, (3) owning a smartphone, (4) being willing to download an app, and (5) being able to read simple text in English.

Discussion
This study will serve as the basis for a larger intervention trial evaluating the PEERNaija app (and the integration of mHealth, incentive, and peer-support-based strategies) to improve HIV outcomes in a critically important region of the world for Y-PLWH.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT04930198. First submitted date: May 25, 2021. Study start: August 1, 2021, https://clinicaltrials.gov/. Protocol version: January 21, 2022.
Effects of rhBMP-2 with various carriers on maxillofacial bone regeneration through computed tomography evaluation
Authors: Seo Ja In , Lim Ji Hye , Jo Woo Min , Lee Jeong Keun , Song Seung Il 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
rhBMP-2 is regarded as the most potent osteoinductive growth factor, and it has been used in the oral cavity with different carriers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the bone-regenerative effect of rhBMP-2 delivered with different carrier systems through three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography analysis.

Method
A total of 112 patients underwent oral surgery with rhBMP-2 application (Group 1, n = 53) or without rhBMP-2 application (Group 2, n = 59). Group 1 was divided into 3 groups according to carriers, rhBMP-2 with allograft (Group 1–1, n = 34), rhBMP-2 with xenograft (Group 1–2, n = 5), and rhBMP-2 with absorbable collagen sponge (Group 1–3, n = 14). Cone beam computed tomography scans were taken before surgery (T0) 6 months after surgery (T1). The volume of defects was measured through the three-dimensional image analysis tool.

Results
The average bone regeneration rate of Group 1 was significantly greater than that of Group 2. Within Group 1, the group that used allograft as a carrier (Group 1–1) showed significantly higher bone regeneration rates than the group that used absorbable collagen sponge as a carrier (Group 1–3).

Conclusion
The use of rhBMP-2 after oral surgery results in a superior bone regeneration rate compared to not using rhBMP-2, and its efficacy depends on the carriers it is used with. Allograft affects bone regeneration more than absorbable collagen sponge when it is carried with rhBMP-2. Therefore, the appropriate use of rhBMP-2 with suitable bone grafting materials is useful for promoting postoperative bone regeneration in oral surgery.
Simplified rules-based tool to facilitate the application of up-to-date management recommendations in cardio-oncology
Authors: Brown Sherry-Ann , Hamid Abdulaziz , Pederson Erin , BS Allen Hanna , Maddula Ragasnehith , Goodman Rachel , Lamberg Morgan , Caraballo Pedro , Noseworthy Peter , Lukan Opeoluwa , Echefu Gift , Berman Generika , Choudhuri Indrajit ,   for the Cardio-Oncology Artificial Intelligence Informatics & Precision Equity (CAIPE) and Patient Similarity Algorithms in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Toxicity (PACT) Research Team Investigators
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Millions of cancer survivors are at risk of cardiovascular diseases, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Tools to potentially facilitate implementation of cardiology guidelines, consensus recommendations, and scientific statements to prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and other cardiovascular diseases are limited. Thus, inadequate utilization of cardiovascular medications and imaging is widespread, including significantly lower rates of statin use among cancer survivors for whom statin therapy is indicated.

Methods
In this methodological study, we leveraged published guidelines documents to create a rules-based tool to include guidelines, expert consensus, and medical society scientific statements relevant to point of care cardiovascular disease prevention in the cardiovascular care of cancer survivors. Any overlap, redundancy, or ambiguous recommendations were identified and eliminated across all converted sources of knowledge. The integrity of the tool was assessed with use case examples and review of subsequent care suggestions.

Results
An initial selection of 10 guidelines, expert consensus, and medical society scientific statements was made for this study. Then 7 were kept owing to overlap and revisions in society recommendations over recent years. Extensive formulae were employed to translate the recommendations of 7 selected guidelines into rules and proposed action measures. Patient suitability and care suggestions were assessed for several use case examples.

Conclusion
A simple rules-based application was designed to provide a potential format to deliver critical cardiovascular disease best-practice prevention recommendations at the point of care for cancer survivors. A version of this tool may potentially facilitate implementing these guidelines across clinics, payers, and health systems for preventing cardiovascular diseases in cancer survivors.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.Gov Identifier: NCT05377320.
The added value of relative amide proton transfer (rAPT) to advanced multiparametric MR imaging for brain glioma characterization
Authors: Mostafa Mai A. , Abo-Elhoda Pasant M. , Abdelrahman Ahmed S. , Elzoghby Ahmed M. , Elmahdy Manal M. , Abbas Yasser A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Differentiation between the grades of brain gliomas is a crucial step in the management of patients. The gold standard technique for grading is biopsy but MR imaging may play a more substantial role as a non-invasive method by using promising molecular sequences. Our purpose was to assess the added value of the relative amide proton transfer signal [rAPT] to advanced multiparametric MRI protocol.

Methods
We enrolled a pathologically confirmed 102 patients with low-grade glioma [n = 38] and high-grade glioma [n = 64] who underwent advanced multiparametric MRI protocol on the same scanner. The protocol included anatomic, diffusion, MRS, and perfusion sequences. The newly added sequence was Amide proton transfer. The rAPT values of all lesions were investigated by two neuroradiologists to assess the inter-rater agreement of using interclass correlation coefficient [ICC]. HGGs demonstrated significantly higher mean values of relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), choline to creatine ratio (Cho/cr), and rAPT with lower Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values compared to LGGs. ROC analyses revealed medium to high diagnostic performance with an AUC of 0.941 for rAPT, 0.907 for mean ADC, and 0.906 for rCBV. Discriminant function analysis of two models, the first one included mean ADC, rCBV, and Cho/Cr, while in the second Model, we added rAPT to them. Model two demonstrated higher accuracy and a significant difference in the AUC after adding the rAPT. The inter-rater agreement was reasonable (ICC 0.61).

Conclusions
rAPT adds significant value to multiparametric MRI for distinguishing LGG from HGG.
Hot melt emulsification shear method for solid lipid-based suspension: from laboratory-scale to pilot-scale production
Authors: Li Chao , Xie Wenqing , Yuan Liwen , Abbas Mubbashar , Chen Dongmei , Xie Shuyu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe clinical application of solid lipid particles (SLPs) is hampered due to the need for advanced nano/micro-suspension production technology. This research aims to establish a pilot-scale production line employing high-speed shears as emulsification equipment. The primary purpose is to manufacture nano/micro-suspensions using solid lipid particles (SLPs). The study also exhaustively introduces and analyzes the regulatory schemes for process parameters and formulations at various stages of production. The process and formulation endured optimization through orthogonal or single-factor tests at various production steps: laboratory research, small-scale trial production, and pilot production. Quality standards for the product were determined, and key parameters were obtained at each stage. The laboratory research demonstrated that the optimal SLPs comprised 15 mL 3% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) per 1.0 g tilmicosin and 2.5 g carnauba wax (WAX). During small-scale production, modifications were made to the volume of the aqueous phase, emulsifier concentration, and emulsification strength, setting them to 16 mL, 5%, and 2200 r/min, respectively. In the pilot production stage, the shear time was considered optimal at eight min. The impurity, content, polydispersion coefficient (PDI), and size of the pilot product were < 3%, 5%, 0.385 and 2.64 μm, respectively. Among the several parameters studied, heating temperature, drug-lipid ratio, and emulsifier concentration were identified as the main factors affecting product quality, and they were regulated at 100℃, 1:3, and 5%, respectively. A novel hot melt emulsification shear method aided the development of a new solid lipid-based suspension from its preliminary stages in the laboratory to pilot production. This innovation is expected to enhance solid lipid-based suspensions' industrial evolution extensively.