bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A broadband low‐loss SPDT RF switch using a new off‐chip compensation technology
Authors: Gong Tingwei , Cheng Zhiqun , Le Chao , Xuan Xuefei , Zhang Zhiwei , Zheng Bangjie , Qian Tianle 
Published: January 2024

SummaryAn off‐chip compensation technology for low‐loss and broadband characteristics of radio frequency (RF) switches is proposed based on mathematical analysis of series shunt single pole double throws switches in this letter. This compensation technology can absorb the parasitic parameters of the switch Field Effect Transistor, improving the insertion loss and return loss of the switch as well as supporting higher bandwidth. To verify the design principle, a RF switch, using the SANAN GaAs 0.15 um pseudomorphic High Electron Mobility Transistors (pHEMT) process, and an off‐chip compensation network were designed and implemented. Specifically, after using an off‐chip compensation network, the measured bandwidth of switch has been expanded from 1.1–8.8 to 0.8–11 GHz, while the input and output return loss have also improved significantly.
Seismic experiments and shear resistance prediction of multi‐celled corrugated‐plate CFST walls
Authors: Tong Jingzhong , Zhang Jiaming , Yu Chaoqun , Tong Genshu , Li Qinghua , Xu Shilang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMulti‐celled corrugated‐plate CFST walls (MC‐CFST walls) are innovative composite members for load bearing and energy dissipation. The corrugated steel plates effectively enhance the confinement capacity of the infilled concrete and reduce steel consumption. In this study, the seismic behavior of MC‐CFST walls was investigated through experimental, numerical, and theoretical analyses. Eight specimens were designed considering different key parameters, including the width and depth of the corrugated cell, the amplitude of the corrugated steel plate, and the type of boundary columns. These specimens were tested under axial compression and horizontal cyclic loading. The test results indicated that MC‐CFST walls exhibited excellent energy dissipation capacity and ductility. Specimens with boundary columns exhibited shear failure modes, while those without boundary columns exhibited flexural failure modes. Increasing the width of the corrugated cell or reducing the effective depth of the composite wall had a significant negative impact on its seismic performance. Subsequently, the finite element (FE) model was established and verified against experimental results. Finally, based on the full‐sectional plasticity assumption and the superposition principle, theoretical formulas for predicting the compression‐bending and shear capacities of MC‐CFST walls were proposed and validated against experimental data. The results showed that both theoretical formulas could effectively and accurately predict the shear resistance of MC‐CFST walls, providing valuable references for practical designs.
Development of hybrid heuristic‐assisted dynamic data auditing strategy in cloud sector
Authors: Aruna K. B. , Arunachalaperumal C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCloud computing is performed by hosting the data of data owners on cloud servers, where the data consumers (users) are able to get the data over servers. Though, several security aspects are raised during cloud storage regarding the data availability and data integrity. On the other hand, a novel scheme of data hosting services is introduced owing to data outsourcing which also raises additional security problems. In addition, several methods are presented by taking either “identity‐based cryptography (IBC) or public key infrastructure (PKI).” Hence, a secure and effective dynamic data auditing scheme is preferable for convincing data owners to ensure precise data storage in the cloud. This paper focuses on implementing a new hybrid heuristic‐assisted strategy for managing cloud storage with the help of efficient auditing schemes. This paper tries to optimize the data structures in the cloud storage with a new improved hybrid differential evolution‐teamwork optimization algorithm (HED‐TOA) with the integration of the teamwork optimization algorithm (TOA) and differential evolution (DE) algorithms. It aims to alleviate the problems raised during the dynamic data update operations including “insert, modify, delete, and append.” This improved HED‐TOA help in performing the data auditing. This model overcomes the problem of modifications occurring in the data structure while doing the dynamic data update operations and thus, it ensures efficient data auditing and data management in cloud computing. This work considers the aim of reducing computation as well as communication costs during the data storage process in the cloud. The performance estimation demonstrates that there is considerable contrast between the traditional methods and the proposed technique in terms of the communication and computation cost on the cloud and auditor.
Study of spatial temperature features of road tunnel fires under multiple factors
Authors: Sun Jianchun , Yang Keqing , Liang Kun , Zhang Min 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAfter a highway tunnel fire, the rapid change of the internal ambient temperature directly affects the personal safety of pedestrians. Based mainly on the lateral possibility of fire location and considering the coupling effect of multiple factors in a two‐lane highway tunnel, this study systematically carried out 63 full‐size tunnel fire simulation studies relying on Fluent software. The smoke temperature distribution patterns in the transverse and longitudinal spaces of the tunnel after the fire were revealed. This study shows that the smoke temperature below the tunnel vault is susceptible to the effect of sidewall restraint, making the maximum temperature of the tunnel vault of the offset fire source large; considering the lateral location of the fire source, the maximum temperature prediction formula of the tunnel vault is modified to expose the change law of the longitudinal temperature decay of the vault. This paper reveals for the first time the law of temperature distribution changes at the characteristic height of the human eye on the evacuation platform in the tunnel; the systematic study of the fire source cross‐sectional temperature distribution changes at the key lining structure points, and it is found that a low‐temperature space conducive to personnel escape exists in the lower part of the tunnel away from the fire source side. The results of the study are beneficial to the design of safe evacuation paths in the tunnel and the active emergency evacuation of personnel in the near‐fire source area.
Agroforestry systems in Nepal: Enhancing food security and rural livelihoods – a comprehensive review
Authors: Ghimire Manisha , Khanal Ashish , Bhatt Deepa , Dahal DhirajDatta , Giri Suja 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAgroforestry in Nepal is a multifaceted and sustainable approach that harmonizes agricultural, environmental, and socioeconomic goals. This study conducted a comprehensive review of agroforestry systems in Nepal, emphasizing their impact on food security, rural livelihoods, and environmental sustainability. By bridging research gaps and highlighting environmental advantages, it provides valuable insights for evidence‐based policymaking, making it a significant resource for Nepal and beyond. The study employed a comprehensive desktop review methodology using a PRISMA Flow Diagram for data collection and utilized academic databases to include literature related to agroforestry practices, their impacts, and associated socioeconomic and environmental aspects. Agroforestry systems in Nepal offer a comprehensive approach to sustainable agriculture, economic empowerment, and environmental conservation while enhancing resilience to climate change. While these systems provide multiple benefits, including enhanced soil quality and increased carbon sequestration, they also face challenges related to technical knowledge and market access. To fully harness the potential of agroforestry and address food (SDG 2), and energy security, and land degradation, bridging the gap between researchers and farmers, promoting information dissemination, and establishing support mechanisms are essential. Aligning with government strategies and international initiatives can pave the way for a more sustainable and prosperous future for Nepal's rural communities and environment.
Stock movement prediction: A multi‐input LSTM approach
Authors: Tang Pan , Tang Cheng , Wang Keren 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGenerally, the nonlinear and non‐stationary financial time series becomes an obstacle in the process of stock movement prediction. But the recent theories of machine learning and deep learning have provided with some new solutions. Based on LSTM (long short‐term memory), we propose a hybrid model of wavelet transform (WT) and multi‐input LSTM to predict the trend of SSE composite index. It can mine valid data in time series and support different types of data as input. The whole model is divided into two stages. In the first stage, we adopt the level 1 decomposition with db4 mother wavelet to eliminate noise. In the second stage, combinative and qualitative analysis was made base on the data from Chinese stock market, US stock market, and technical indicators as input. According to the result, the proposed model, with the accuracy of 72.19%, performs better than single‐input LSTM, decision tree, random forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and XGBoost.
Sinapic acid modulates oxidative stress and metabolic disturbances to attenuate ovarian fibrosis in letrozole‐induced polycystic ovary syndrome SD rats
Authors: Lan Huan , Dong Zhe‐Wen , Zhang Ming‐Yu , Li Wan‐Ying , Chong Chao‐Jie , Wu Ya‐Qi , Wang Zi‐Xian , Liu Jun‐Yang , Liu Zhi‐Qiang , Qin Xiao‐Hui , Jiang Tie‐Min , Song Jia‐Le 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSinapic acid (SA) is renowned for its many pharmacological activities as a polyphenolic compound. The cause of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a commonly encountered array of metabolic and hormonal abnormalities in females, has yet to be determined. The present experiment was performed to evaluate the antifibrotic properties of SA in rats with letrozole‐induced PCOS‐related ovarian fibrosis. SA treatment successfully mitigated the changes induced by letrozole in body weight (BW) (p < .01) and relative ovary weight (p < .05). Histological observation revealed that SA reduced the number of atretic and cystic follicles (AFs) and (CFs) (p < .01), as well as ovarian fibrosis, in PCOS rats. Additionally, SA treatment impacted the serum levels of sex hormones in PCOS rats. Luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (T) levels were decreased (p < .01, p < .05), and follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were increased (p < .05). SA administration also decreased triglyceride (TG) (p < .01) and total cholesterol (TC) levels (p < .05) and increased high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) levels (p < .01), thereby alleviating letrozole‐induced metabolic dysfunction in PCOS rats. Furthermore, SA treatment targeted insulin resistance (IR) and increased the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of antioxidant enzymes in the ovaries of PCOS rats. Finally, SA treatment enhanced the activity of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ (PPAR‐γ), reduced the activation of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1)/Smads, and decreased collagen I, α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) levels in the ovaries of PCOS rats. These observations suggest that SA significantly ameliorates metabolic dysfunction and oxidative stress and ultimately reduces ovarian fibrosis in rats with letrozole‐induced PCOS.
Safety and outcome of three‐dimensional transoral videolaryngoscopic surgery
Authors: Ebisumoto Koji , Sakai Akihiro , Iijima Hiroaki , Maki Daisuke , Yamauchi Mayu , Saito Kosuke , Kaneda Shoji , Teramura Takanobu , Watanabe Takane , Inagi Toshihide , Yanagiya Ryoko , Yamazaki Aritomo , Ashida Hiroshi , Ota Yoshiyuki , Sato Yurina , Yamamoto Ai , Kobayashi Naoya , Okami Kenji 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundTransoral videolaryngoscopic surgery (TOVS) is widely used in Japan, and conventional two‐dimensional (2D) endoscopic methods have been established. Three‐dimensional (3D) endoscopic surgery offers superior distance perception because it provides stereoscopic views. Recently, we have developed 3D endoscopy for TOVS (3D TOVS).MethodsThis study included 46 patients with pharyngeal cancer who underwent 3D TOVS. The perioperative complications and survival curves were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsOne patient with oropharyngeal cancer who underwent neck dissection and transoral resection simultaneously experienced postoperative hemorrhage of the neck. Another patient with oropharyngeal cancer underwent hemostasis for postoperative pharyngeal hemorrhage. There was one case of aspiration pneumonia. One patient developed cervical lymph node recurrence; however, there was no local recurrence or primary mortality. The 2‐year overall survival, disease‐specific survival, local control rates, locoregional control rate, and invasive disease‐free survival were 90.9%, 100%, 100%, 97.4%, and 79.9%, respectively.ConclusionsThree‐dimensional endoscopy can be safely applied to TOVS.
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and red blood cell indices association in pediatrics patients with fever and cough: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pourfridoni Mohammad , Farhadi Rad Hamidreza , Mirzaee Faezeh , Abbasnia Seyede Mahsa , Nikvarz Mehran , Sharifi Elham , Shafiei Shohreh , Baghcheghi Yousef , Amiri Domari Asma , Askarpour Hedyeh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThe erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is an essential inflammatory marker in treating some patients, particularly children. The level of ESR can be affected by red blood cell (RBC) indices, and not considering this can complicate the interpretation of ESR and the treatment and follow‐up of patients. The study aimed to assess the association between ESR and RBC indices in children hospitalized with fever and cough in the pediatric ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Jiroft, in 2023.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted to measure the association between ESR and RBC indices in children hospitalized with fever and cough in the pediatric ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Jiroft, in 2023. A total of 156 patients participated in the study. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 27.26 ± 3.14 months. The results showed that there is a significant negative correlation between ESR and RBC, r = −0.282 (p < 0.001), and ESR and hematocrit (HCT), r = −0.215 (p = 0.007). Also, the results demonstrated that there is a significant positive correlation between ESR and mean corpuscular volume (MCV), r = 0.159 (p = 0.048), ESR and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), r = 0.214 (p = 0.007), and ESR and mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), r = 0.209 (p = 0.009). There was a negative correlation between ESR and hemoglobin (Hb), r = −0.98 (p = 0.225), but this correlation was insignificant.ConclusionThis study showed an association between ESR and RBC indices in hospitalized children with complaints of fever and cough. So, it is necessary that physicians and treatment staff pay attention to the RBC indices while interpreting and following up the results of ESR to complete the treatment process of patients.
Implementation strategies of cervical cancer screening in South Asia: A systematic review
Authors: Sabeena Sasidharanpillai , Ravishankar Nagaraja , Kalpana MM 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundCervical cancer is a preventable cancer by screening, vaccination and timely management of preinvasive cervical lesions. However, about 90% of the global burden of cervical cancer is reported from developing countries.ObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to analyze the strategies implemented for cervical cancer screening in South Asia.Search StrategyAn electronic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Google Scholar was carried out for articles published in English, evaluating the implementation of cervical cancer screening between December 2000 and June 2023 in South Asia using appropriate search terms.Selection CriteriaCross‐sectional studies, randomized control trials (RCTs) or non‐randomized controlled trials evaluating different cervical screening strategies were included.Data Collection and AnalysisA three‐stage selection process was performed using a validated proforma including the title, author, year of publication, objective, country, study design, screening methods, strategies and outcomes, and results. The systematic review was designed based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The risk of bias was evaluated with the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's (NHLBI) Quality Assessment Tools.Main ResultsOut of the initial 1135 articles reviewed systematically, 23 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis of results. The implementation outcomes measured were acceptability (n = 23 100%), feasibility (n = 22, 95.7%), fidelity (n = 14, 60.9%), sustainability (n = 7, 30.4%), coverage (n = 4, 17.4%) and cost (n = 1, 4.3%).ConclusionCervical cancer screening can be effectively implemented by restructuring the ongoing programs.
Two‐dimensional medical image segmentation based on U‐shaped structure
Authors: Cai Sijing , Xiao Yuwei , Wang Yanyu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith rapid developments in convolutional neural networks for image processing, deep learning methods based on pixel classification have been extensively applied in medical image segmentation. One popular strategy for such tasks is the encoder‐decoder‐based U‐Net architecture and its variants. Most segmentation methods based on fully convolutional networks will cause the loss of spatial and contextual information due to continuous pooling operations or strided convolution when decreasing image resolution, and make less use of contextual information and global information under different receptive fields. To overcome this shortcoming, this paper proposes a novel structure called RAAU‐Net. In our proposed RAAU‐Net structure, which is a modified U‐shaped architecture, we aim to capture high‐level information while preserving spatial information and focusing on the regions of interest. RAAU‐Net comprises three main components: a feature encoder module that utilizes a pre‐trained ResNet‐18 model as a fixed feature extractor, a multi‐receptive field extraction module that we developed, and a feature decoder module. We have tested our method on several 2D medical image segmentation tasks such as retinal nerve, breast tumor, skin lesion, lung, gland, and polyp segmentation. All the indexes of the model reached the best in the dataset of skin lesions, in which Accuracy, Precision, IoU, Recall, and Dice Score were 3.26%, 5.42%, 9.92%, 6.52%, and 5.95% higher than UNet.
Screening and experimental validation of diagnostic gene in ulcerative colitis with anti‐TNF‐α therapy
Authors: Chen Yuan , Li Xinfang , Sun Ran , Yang Fan , Tian Weiliang , Huang Qian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn clinical practice, the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis (UC) mainly relies on a comprehensive analysis of a series of signs and symptoms of patients. The current biomarkers for diagnosis of UC and prognostic prediction of anti‐TNF‐α therapy are inaccurate. The present study aimed to perform an integrative analysis of gene expression profiles in patients with UC. A total of seven datasets from the GEO database that met our strict inclusion criteria were included. After identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between UC patients and healthy individuals, the diagnostic and prognostic utility of the DEGs were then analyzed via least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and support‐vector machine recursive feature elimination. Subgroup analyses of the treated and untreated groups, as well as the treatment‐response group and non‐response group, were also performed. Furthermore, the relationship between the expressions of UC‐related genes and infiltration of immune cells in the course of treatment was also investigated. Immunohistochemical (IHC) assay was used to verify the gene expression in inflamed UC tissues. When considering all the applied methods, DUOX2, PI3, S100P, MMP7, and S100A8 had priority to be defined as the characteristic genes among DEGs. The area under curve (AUC) of the five genes, which were all consistently over‐expressed, based on an external validation dataset, were all above 0.94 for UC diagnosis. Four of the five genes (DUOX2, PI3, MMP7, and S100A8) were down‐regulated between treatment‐responsive and nonresponsive patients. A significant difference was also observed concerning the infiltration of immune cells, including macrophage and neutrophil, between the two groups (treatment responsive and nonresponsive). The changes in the expression of DUOX2 and MMP7 based on the IHC assay were highly consistent with the results obtained in the current study. This confirmed the mild to moderate diagnostic and predictive value of DUOX2 and MMP7 in patients with UC. The conducted analyses showed that the expression profile of the five identified biomarkers accurately detects UC, whereas four of the five genes evidently predicted the response to anti‐TNF‐α therapy.
Elevation of free triiodothyronine (fT3) levels by Plasmodium falciparum independent of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in children with uncomplicated malaria
Authors: Kwansa‐Bentum Henrietta , Aninagyei Enoch , Adedia David , Kortei Nii Korley , Agyemang Adjoa Boakye , Tettey Clement Okraku 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundMalaria parasites have a devastating effect on the infected host. However, there is a paucity of data on the effect of Plasmodium falciparum on thyroid hormones.MethodsThis case–control study (1:1) involved children <16 years of age with uncomplicated malaria. Hematological parameters were determined using the URIT‐5380 hematology analyzer (China). Later, levels of thyroid hormones, namely free triiodothyronine (fT3), free tetraiodothyronine (fT4), and thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH), were determined using human ELISA kits (DiaSino ELISA kit, Zhengzhou, China).ResultsNinety children with malaria and ninety matched control group were studied. Overall, compared to the control group, lower TSH (3.43 ± 1.25 vs. 3.84 ± 1.34, p = 0.035) and elevated levels of fT3 levels (5.85 ± 1.79 vs. 3.89 ± 1.19, p < 0.001) were observed in patients with malaria. However, fT4 levels were comparable between cases and control group (16.37 ± 2.81 vs 17.06 ± 3.5, p = 0.150). Free T3 levels were significantly higher in children <10 years (p < 0.001) and higher among male children with malaria (p < 0.001). Overall, there was a significant positive relationship between parasite counts and fT3 (R = 0.95, p < 0.001). Furthermore, body temperature was positively correlated with fT3 (R = 0.97, p < 0.001).ConclusionsIsolated fT3 thyrotoxicosis was observed in falciparum malaria, especially in children <10 years and male malaria patients, independent of TSH. This observation could explain the severity of malaria in children.