bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic arterial elastance as a predictor of arterial pressure response to norepinephrine weaning in mechanically ventilated patients with vasoplegic syndrome—a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyang , Hu Caibao , Pan Jianneng , Xu Chang , Xu Zhaojun , Pan Tao , Chen Bixin 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionDuring the de-escalation phase of circulatory shock, norepinephrine weaning may induce diverse arterial pressure responses in patients with different vasomotor tones. Dynamic arterial elastance (Eadyn) has been extensively studied to predict the arterial pressure response to interventions. We conducted this meta-analysis to systematically assess the predictive performance of Eadyn for the mean arterial pressure (MAP) response to norepinephrine weaning in mechanically ventilated patients with vasoplegic syndrome.Materials and methodsA systematic literature search was conducted on May 29, 2023 (updated on January 21, 2024), to identify relevant studies from electronic databases. The area under the hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUHSROC) was estimated as the primary measure of diagnostic accuracy because of the varied thresholds reported. Additionally, we observed the distribution of the cutoff values of Eadyn, while computing the optimal value and its corresponding 95% confidential interval (CI).ResultsA total of 5 prospective studies met eligibility, comprising 183 participants, of whom 67 (37%) were MAP responders. Eadyn possessed an excellent ability to predict the MAP response to norepinephrine weaning in patients with vasoplegic syndrome, with an AUHSROC of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91–0.95), a pooled sensitivity of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.85–0.98), a pooled specificity of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.65–0.81), and a pooled diagnostic odds ratio of 32.4 (95% CI: 11.7–89.9). The cutoff values of Eadyn presented a nearly conically symmetrical distribution; the mean and median cutoff values were 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80–0.98) and 0.90 (95% CI: not estimable), respectively.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis with limited evidences demonstrates that Eadyn may be a reliable predictor of the MAP response to norepinephrine weaning in mechanically ventilated patients with vasoplegic syndrome.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42023430362.
B-lines by lung ultrasound as a predictor of re-intubation in mechanically ventilated patients with heart failure
Authors: Hyun Junho , Kim Ah-ram , Lee Sang Eun , Kim Min-Seok 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionThere have been few studies on predictors of weaning failure from MV in patients with heart failure (HF). We sought to investigate the predictive value of B-lines measured by lung ultrasound (LUS) on the risk of weaning failure from mechanical ventilation (MV) and in-hospital outcomes.MethodsThis was a single-center, prospective observational study that included HF patients who were on invasive MV. LUS was performed immediate before ventilator weaning. A positive LUS exam was defined as the observation of two or more regions that had three or more count of B-lines located bilaterally on the thorax. The primary outcome was early MV weaning failure, defined as re-intubation within 72 h.ResultsA total of 146 consecutive patients (mean age 70 years; 65.8% male) were enrolled. The total count of B-lines was a median of 10 and correlated with NT-pro-BNP level (r2 = 0.132, p &lt; 0.001). Early weaning failure was significantly higher in the positive LUS group (9 out of 64, 14.1%) than the negative LUS group (2 out of 82, 2.4%) (p = 0.011). The rate of total re-intubation during the hospital stay (p = 0.004), duration of intensive care unit stay (p = 0.004), and hospital stay (p = 0.010) were greater in the positive LUS group. The negative predictive value (NPV) of positive LUS was 97.6% for the primary outcome.ConclusionB-lines measured by LUS can predict the risk of weaning failure. Considering the high NPV of positive LUS, it may help guide the decision of weaning in patients on invasive MV due to acute decompensated HF.
Validity of student evaluation of teaching in higher education: a systematic review
Authors: Quansah Frank , Cobbinah Andrews , Asamoah-Gyimah Kenneth , Hagan John Elvis 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionData obtained from students regarding the quality of teaching are used by higher education administrators to inform decisions concerning tenure, promotion, course development and instructional modifications, among others. This article provides a review regarding studies conducted to examine the validity of student evaluation of teaching, specifically focusing on the following objectives: (1) identify the context where studies have been conducted on student evaluation of teaching; (2) find out the methodologies usually employed for assessing the validity of student evaluation of teaching; and (3) establish the sources of measurement error in student evaluation of teaching.MethodsThe systematic review was conducted based on the PRISMA checklist. The databases searched include Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, ERIC, JSTOR, PsycLIT, EconLit, APA PsycINFO and EBSCO using some specific keywords. After applying the four eligibility criteria, 15 papers were left to be analyzed.ResultsIt was discovered that the generalizability theory approach was mostly used to understand the validity of student evaluation data. The review revealed that students were found at the centre of inconsistencies in the evaluation process.DiscussionThe general impression from the review is that the credibility and validity of teaching evaluation outcomes is questionable, considering the several sources of errors revealed. The study recommended closely studying these sources of errors (e.g., rating behaviours of students).
COPD and T2DM: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Tao , Li Jinshuai , Huang Chun , Wu Xiangjian , Fu Xiaoyan , Yang Chunfeng , Li Minfang , Chen Sheng 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionType 2 diabetes (T2DM) stands as a global chronic illness, exerting a profound impact on health due to its complications and generating a significant economic burden. Recently, observational studies have pointed toward a potential link between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and T2DM. To elucidate this causal connection, we employed the Mendelian randomization analysis.MethodOur study involved a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis on COPD and T2DM. Additionally, tests for heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were performed.ResultsFor the MR analysis, 26 independent single nucleotides polymorphisms (SNPs) with strong associations to COPD were chosen as instrumental variables. Our findings suggest a pronounced causal relationship between COPD and T2DM. Specifically, COPD emerges as a risk factor for T2DM, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.06 and a 95% confidence interval ranging from 1.01 to 1.11 (P = 0.006). Notably, all results were devoid of any heterogeneity or pleiotropy.ConclusionThe MR analysis underscores a significant causal relationship between COPD and T2DM, highlighting COPD as a prominent risk factor for T2DM.
Normal triglyceride concentration and the risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 in the general population of China
Authors: Guo Rubing , Wei Lianhua , Cao Yongtong , Zhao Wei 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionHypertriglyceridemia and its derivatives are independent predictors of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM). However, the relationship between triglyceride concentrations within the normal range and the incidence of T2DM remains to be clarified. This study investigated the potential relationship between variations in plasma triglyceride levels within the normal range and T2DM onset using data from a longitudinal study of health and retirement in China.MethodsBetween, 2010 and, 2016, we conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 36,441 individuals with normal triglyceride levels. Using a Cox proportional hazards regression model, we examined the connection between normal triglyceride levels and T2DM incidence. We employed this method with smooth curve fitting to investigate potential nonlinear associations. Subgroup analyses were performed based on age, sex, body mass index, smoking and drinking status, hypertension, and family history of diabetes.ResultsA significant linear relationship was observed between normal triglyceride levels and the incidence of T2DM. The hazard ratio for T2DM in individuals with normal triglycerides was 1.81 (95% confidence interval: 1.39, 2.36); P&lt;0.001). Kaplan–Meier analysis further demonstrated a prospective association between the higher tertiles of normal triglyceride levels and the development of T2DM (P&lt;0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed a stronger positive correlation between normal triglyceride levels in females and the risk of T2DM.DiscussionAn increase in triglyceride levels within the normal range is related to a continuous increase in the incidence of T2DM in the general population. These findings show that almost everyone can benefit from reducing triglyceride levels, further emphasizing the importance of lifestyle changes in the general population.
Clinical characteristics and degree of cardiovascular risk factor control in patients with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes in Catalonia
Authors: Ramírez-Morros Anna , Franch-Nadal Josep , Real Jordi , Miró-Catalina Queralt , Bundó Magdalena , Vlacho Bogdan , Mauricio Didac 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionWomen with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) face a greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and encounter challenges in managing cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF); however, limited data are available in individuals with newlydiagnosed T2DM.MethodsThis study aimed to examine differences between women and men at the onset of T2DM in terms of clinical characteristics, glycaemic status, and CVRF management. This was a retrospective cohort study including subjects with newly-diagnosed T2DM from the System for the Development of Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP) database in Catalonia (Spain). Sex differences (Dif) were assessed at baseline and 1-year post-diagnosis, by calculating the absolute difference of means or proportions.ResultsA total of 13,629 subjects with newly-diagnosed T2DM were analyzed. Women were older and had a higher BMI than men. At baseline, women had higher total cholesterol [Dif (95%CI) 10 mg/dL (9.1/10.8)] and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) [Dif (95%CI) 7 mg/dL (6.3/7.7)], while men had higher rates of smoking and alcohol intake. Lipid target achievement was lower in women, in both primary prevention (LDL-c &lt; 100 mg/dL) [Dif (95%CI) -7.3 mg/dL (-10.5/-4.1)] and secondary prevention (LDL-c &lt; 70 mg/dL) [Dif (95%CI) -8.3 mg/dL (-17.3/0.7)], along with lower statin and antiplatelet prescriptions, especially one year after diagnosis. Changes in clinical and laboratory data one year post-diagnosis revealed that, in the primary prevention group, men experienced greater improvements in total cholesterol, LDL-c and triglycerides, while women had less success in achieving CVRF control targets compared to men. Additionally, cardiovascular events, such as coronary artery disease and peripheral artery disease increased more in men than in women within the first year of diagnosis, especially in primary prevention subjects.ConclusionDifferences between men and women CVRF are already apparent at the onset of T2DM, particularly in primary prevention, with notable differences in lipid profile and target level attainment.
Advances in risk predictive performance of pre-symptomatic type 1 diabetes via the multiplex Antibody-Detection-by-Agglutination-PCR assay
Authors: Tandel Devangkumar , Hinton Brigette , de Jesus Cortez Felipe , Seftel David , Robinson Peter , Tsai Cheng-ting 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionAchieving early diagnosis of pre-symptomatic type 1 diabetes is critical to reduce potentially life-threatening diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at symptom onset, link patients to FDA approved therapeutics that can delay disease progression and support novel interventional drugs development. The presence of two or more islet autoantibodies in pre-symptomatic type 1 diabetes patients indicates high-risk of progression to clinical manifestation.MethodHerein, we characterized the capability of multiplex ADAP assay to predict type 1 diabetes progression. We obtained retrospective coded sera from a cohort of 48 progressors and 44 non-progressors from the NIDDK DPT-1 study.ResultThe multiplex ADAP assay and radiobinding assays had positive predictive value (PPV)/negative predictive value (NPV) of 68%/92% and 67%/66% respectively. The improved NPV stemmed from 12 progressors tested positive for multiple islet autoantibodies by multiplex ADAP assay but not by RBA. Furthermore, 6 out of these 12 patients tested positive for multiple islet autoantibodies by RBA in subsequent sampling events with a median delay of 2.8 years compared to multiplex ADAP assay.DiscussionIn summary, multiplex ADAP assay could be an ideal tool for type 1 diabetes risk testing due to its sample-sparing nature (4µL), non-radioactiveness, compatibility with widely available real-time qPCR instruments and favorable risk prediction capability.
A MYH7 variant in a five-generation-family with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Franke Magda , Książczyk Tomasz Marcin , Dux Marta , Chmielewski Przemysław , Truszkowska Grażyna , Czapczak Dorota , Pietrzak Radosław , Bilinska Zofia Teresa , Demkow Urszula , Werner Bożena 
Published: February 2024

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic condition with a prevalence of 1:500–1:3 000. Variants in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins are mainly responsible for the disease. MYH7 gene encoding a myosin heavy chain beta, together with MYPBC3 gene are the two most commonly affected genes. The clinical presentation of this disease varies widely between individuals. This study aims to report a variant of MYH7 responsible for HCM in a five-generation family with a history of cardiac problems.Methods: The diagnosis was established according to the European Society of Cardiology HCM criteria based on two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography or cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Genetic analysis was performed using next-generation-sequencing and Sanger method.Results: The medical history of the presented family began with a prenatal diagnosis of HCM in the first child of a family with previously healthy parents. Five generations of the family had a long history of sudden cardiac death and cardiac problems. A NM_000257.4:c.2342T&gt;A (p.Leu781Gln) variant was detected in the MYH7 gene. It was heterozygous in the proband and in all affected individuals in a large family. The variant was present in 10 affected members of the family, and was absent in 7 members. The clinical course of the disease was severe in several members of the family: three family members died of sudden cardiac death, one patient required heart transplantation, three underwent septal myectomy, and three required implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation.Conclusion: Herein, we report a MYH7 variant responsible for HCM. Familial HCM is inherited primarily in autosomal dominant mode, which is in accordance with our study. However, the presented family showed a broad clinical spectrum of HCM. Out of 10 family members with positive genetic testing 8 had severe presentation of the disease and 2 had a mild phenotype. This suggests that the severity of the disease may depend on other factors, most likely genetic.
Immune checkpoint ligands expressed on mature high endothelial venules predict poor prognosis of NSCLC: have a relationship with CD8+ T lymphocytes infiltration
Authors: Luo Jing , Shi Xiuhuan , Liu Yumeng , Wang Jian , Wang Hao , Yang Xuena , Sun Qian , Hui Zhenzhen , Wei Feng , Ren Xiubao , Zhao Hua 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundAn insufficient number of intratumoral CD8+ T lymphocytes is a major barrier to antitumor immunity and immunotherapy. High endothelial venules (HEVs) are the major sites through which lymphocytes enter tumors; however, the molecular mechanism through which HEVs mediate CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration remains poorly understood.MethodsForty-two patients with stage IIIA lung adenocarcinoma, who underwent surgery, were recruited. Multiplex immunohistochemical staining was conducted on tumor tissues to detect the immune checkpoint ligands (ICLs) expressed in the HEVs, blood vessels, and lymphatics. A new ICL score model was constructed to evaluate ligand expression. The relationship between ICL score, tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cell frequency, and survival of patients was investigated.ResultsMature HEVs, but not blood vessels or lymphatics, mediated CD8+ T cell infiltration. However, the ICLs expressed on mature HEVs could negatively regulate CD8+ T cell entry into tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs). In addition, according to the results obtained using our ICLtotal score model, the expression of ICLs on HEVs was observed to be a predictor of both CD8+ T cell infiltration and survival, in which a high ICLtotal score &gt; 1 represent a weak CD8+ T cell infiltration and a high ICLtotal score &gt; 2 predicts poor survival.ConclusionUsing the ICL score model, we discovered that ICLs expressed on HEVs are indicative of CD8+ T cell subset infiltration in TLSs, as well as of patient survival with lung cancer.
Causal association between the peripheral immunity and the risk and disease severity of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Chen Lian , Zhu Li-Fang , Zhang Lu-Yang , Chu Yun-Hui , Dong Ming-Hao , Pang Xiao-Wei , Yang Sheng , Zhou Luo-Qi , Shang Ke , Xiao Jun , Wang Wei , Qin Chuan , Tian Dai-Shi 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundGrowing evidence links immunological responses to Multiple sclerosis (MS), but specific immune factors are still unclear.MethodsMendelian randomization (MR) was performed to investigate the association between peripheral hematological traits, MS risk, and its severity. Then, further subgroup analysis of immune counts and circulating cytokines and growth factors were performed.ResultsMR revealed higher white blood cell count (OR [95%CI] = 1.26 [1.10,1.44], P = 1.12E-03, P adjust = 3.35E-03) and lymphocyte count (OR [95%CI] = 1.31 [1.15,1.50], P = 5.37E-05, P adjust = 3.22E-04) increased the risk of MS. In further analysis, higher T cell absolute count (OR [95%CI] = 2.04 [1.36,3.08], P = 6.37E-04, P adjust = 2.19E-02) and CD4+ T cell absolute count (OR [95%CI] = 2.11 [1.37,3.24], P = 6.37E-04, P adjust = 2.19E-02), could increase MS risk. While increasing CD25++CD4+ T cell absolute count (OR [95%CI] = 0.75 [0.66,0.86], P = 2.12E-05, P adjust = 1.72E-03), CD25++CD4+ T cell in T cell (OR [95%CI] = 0.79[0.70,0.89], P = 8.54E-05, P adjust = 5.29E-03), CD25++CD4+ T cell in CD4+ T cell (OR [95%CI] = 0.80[0.72,0.89], P = 1.85E-05, P adjust = 1.72E-03), and CD25++CD8+ T cell in T cell (OR [95%CI] = 0.68[0.57,0.81], P = 2.22E-05, P adjust = 1.72E-03), were proved to be causally defensive for MS. For the disease severity, the suggestive association between some traits related to CD4+ T cell, Tregs and MS severity were demonstrated. Moreover, elevated levels of IL-2Ra had a detrimental effect on the risk of MS (OR [95%CI] = 1.22 [1.12,1.32], P = 3.20E-06, P adjust = 1.34E-04).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated a genetically predicted causal relationship between elevated peripheral immune cell counts and MS. Subgroup analysis revealed a specific contribution of peripheral immune cells, holding potential for further investigations into the underlying mechanisms of MS and its severity.
Oriented display of HIV-1 Env trimers by a novel coupling strategy enhances B cell activation and phagocytosis
Authors: Di Vincenzo Riccardo , Beutel Jannis , Arnold Philipp , Wang Yu , Damm Dominik , Tannig Pierre , Lux Anja , Temchura Vladimir , Eichler Jutta , Überla Klaus 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionConformationally stabilized Env trimers have been developed as antigens for the induction of neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1. However, the non-glycosylated immunodominant base of these soluble antigens may compete with the neutralizing antibody response. This has prompted attempts to couple Env trimers to organic or inorganic nanoparticles with the base facing towards the carrier. Such a site-directed coupling could not only occlude the base of the trimer, but also enhance B cell activation by repetitive display.MethodsTo explore the effect of an ordered display of HIV-1 Env on microspheres on the activation of Env-specific B cells we used Bind&amp;Bite, a novel covalent coupling approach for conformationally sensitive antigens based on heterodimeric coiled-coil peptides. By engineering a trimeric HIV-1 Env protein with a basic 21-aa peptide (Peptide K) extension at the C-terminus, we were able to covalently biotinylate the antigen in a site-directed fashion using an acidic complementary peptide (Peptide E) bearing a reactive site and a biotin molecule. This allowed us to load our antigen onto streptavidin beads in an oriented manner.ResultsMicrospheres coated with HIV-1 Env through our Bind&amp;Bite system showed i) enhanced binding by conformational anti-HIV Env broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), ii) reduced binding activity by antibodies directed towards the base of Env, iii) higher Env-specific B cell activation, and iv) were taken-up more efficiently after opsonization compared to beads presenting HIV-1 Env in an undirected orientation.DiscussionIn comparison to site-directed biotinylation via the Avi-tag, Bind&amp;Bite, offers greater flexibility with regard to alternative covalent protein modifications, allowing selective modification of multiple proteins via orthogonal coiled-coil peptide pairs. Thus, the Bind&amp;Bite coupling approach via peptide K and peptide E described in this study offers a valuable tool for nanoparticle vaccine design where surface conjugation of correctly folded antigens is required.