bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pressure-Assisted Cold-Denaturation of Carboxypeptidase Y
Authors: Kunugi Shigeru , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Makino Miki , Tada Tomoko , Uehara-Kunugi Yukiko 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
The pressure and temperature dependence of the hydrolytic rate of carboxypeptidase Y was studied in the range of 5—40 °C and 0.1—400 MPa. The iso-activity contours have more or less positive slopes. The pressure apparently disactivates the enzyme at a constant temperature, and the apparent activation volume (ΔV‡) became smaller with increasing temperature; ΔV‡app = − 46 ml mol−1 at 10 °C and −11 ml mol−1 at 40 °C. At a constant pressure, the activity increased with increasing temperature, and the evaluated activation enthalpy (ΔH‡) increased with an increase in pressure from 13 kcal mol−1 at 0.1 MPa to 25 kcal mol−1 at 400 MPa.
The intrinsic fluorescence spectrum changed with temperature and pressure and the highest intensity was recorded at ambient pressure and the lowest temperature, while the intensity decreased with increasing temperature or pressure. The intensity also decreased with decreasing temperature under elevated pressure, while the peak wavelength shifted to the red side according to the increase in pressure and temperature.
The disactivation of the catalysis and the decrease in the fluorescence peak intensity at a higher pressure and lower temperature were considered to be the so-called pressure-assisted cold-denaturation of the enzyme protein. Pressure can be a perturbation agent to “increase” the transition temperature above 0 °C.
A Spherical Potassium-Capped Vanadium Methylphosphonate as Another ε-Keggin Fragment, [H6KV12O27(VO4)(PO3CH3)3]5−
Authors: Yamase Toshihiro , Makino Haruyo , Naruke Haruo , Wéry Ana Maria San José 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
An [H3KV12O27(AsO4)4]6−-isostructural ε-Keggin fragment anion, [H6KV12O27(VO4)(PO3CH3)3]5−, was photochemically prepared. This K+-capped anion is formally built of nine VIVO6 octahedra, three PO3C tetrahedra, and four VVO4 tetrahedra, one of the latter being a central VO43− group. The capping K+ cation lies on the C3 axis and links two adjacent anion, to form a linear chain of the anions along c-axis.
Preparation of Visible-Light-Responsive Titanium Oxide Photocatalysts by Plasma Treatment
Authors: Takeuchi Koji , Nakamura Isao , Matsumoto Osamu , Sugihara Shinichi , Ando Masazumi , Ihara Tatsuhiko 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
The reduction of titanium dioxide (TiO2) by the hydrogen plasma treatment creates a new absorption band in the visible light region and is expected to create photocatalytic activity in this region. Anatase TiO2 powder, which has photocatalytic activity in the ultraviolet (UV) region, was treated using microwave and radio-frequency (RF) plasmas. The TiO2 was reduced thus having an oxygen deficiency. The RF-plasma-treated TiO2 absorbed visible light between 400 and 600 nm and showed a high activity in this region, as measured by the oxidative removal of nitric oxide from the gas phase. The plasma-treated TiO2, which can be easily produced on a large scale, is expected to have a higher efficiency in utilizing solar energy than the raw material.
Fatigue Mechanism of Photochromic 1,2-Bis(3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene
Authors: Higashiguchi Kenji , Matsuda Kenji , Yamada Taro , Kawai Tsuyoshi , Irie Masahiro 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Non-substituted 1,2-bis(3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene 1a was synthesized and its photochromic reactivity was compared with 1,2-bis(2,5-dimethyl-3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene 4a. Upon irradiation with ultraviolet light 1a easily decomposed and two kinds of by-products were produced in addition to the normal closed-ring isomer. The structures of the by-products were determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis.
Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of Fluoroalkylated Propargyl Mesylates with Organozinc Reagents: Novel Synthesis of Optically Active Fluorine-Containing Trisubstituted Allenes
Authors: Konno Tsutomu , Tanikawa Mitsuru , Ishihara Takashi , Yamanaka Hiroki 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
In the presence of 5 mol% of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), the reaction of chiral fluorinated propargyl mesylates with a variety of organozinc reagents proceeded smoothly in a highly stereoselective fashion to give the corresponding optically active fluorine-containing trisubstituted allenes in good yields without any loss of optical purity through the reaction.
Regioselective Synthesis of Prenylisoflavones: Syntheses of Luteone and Luteone Hydrate
Authors: Tsukayama Masao , Wada Hironari , Kishida Masashi , Nishiuchi Masaki , Kawamura Yasuhiko 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction of 6-iodoisoflavone, prepared from 3′-iodoacetophenone derivative, with 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol gave the 6-alkynylisoflavone derivative, which was hydrogenated to give the 6-alkylhydroxyisoflavone (luteone hydrate) 2. Dehydration of 2 gave 2′,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxy-6-prenylisoflavone (luteone).
Preparation and Thermal Behavior of 3,3,4,4-Tetrafluorocyclobutane-1,2-diols: A New Family of Cyclobutane-1,2-diols
Authors: Kobayashi Satoru , Yamamoto Youko , Amii Hideki , Uneyama Kenji 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Thermal dimerization of 2,2-difluoro enol silyl ethers led to 3,3,4,4-tetrafluorocyclobutanes. The [2+2] cycloaddition proceeded in a “head-to-head” fashion to afford the cyclobutanes containing the trans and cis stereoisomers. The cyclobutanes were transformed to tetrafluorocyclobutane-1,2-diols by desilylation.
Synthesis of Novel Lamellar Iron Phosphate
Authors: Guo Xuefeng , Ding Weiping , Wang Xiaoshu , Yan Qijie 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Meso-structured lamellar iron phosphates with varied d-spacings have been synthesized from ferric acetylacetonate and n-alkylammonium dihydrogenphosphates, which serve as both template and reactant.
Novel C60-Containing Ultra-thin Film Based on Diazoresin
Authors: Cao Tingbing , Gu Zhennan , Zhou Xihuang , Cao Weixiao 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
A kind of multilayer ultra-thin films was fabricated from diazoresin and water-soluble fullerene derivative C60(Ona)n. Under irradiation of UV light, following the decomposition of -N2+ group of diazoresin, the bond nature between the layers of the film will convert from ionic to covalent. As a result the irradiated film possesses high stability towards polar solvents.
Remarkable Effect of Manganese Center on Catalytic Activity for Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Kishida Asako , Taguchi Akira , Mizuno Noritaka 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
The structures of manganese centers remarkably influenced the catalytic activities for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and tri-manganese-substituted silicotungstate, [α-SiW9{MnIII(H2O)}3O37]7−, was the most active among the polyoxometalates tested and other inorganic manganese compounds.
Preparation and Properties of 2,2-Bissilyl-1,3-dithia-2-silacyclopent-4-enes and Related Compounds
Authors: Tsutsui Shinobu , Takahashi Masae , Sakamoto Kenkichi 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Several 1,3-dithia-2-silacyclopent-4-ene (dithiasilole) derivatives were prepared by the reactions of cis-NaS–HC=CH–Sna with the corresponding dichlorosilanes. The compounds formed charge-transfer (CT) complexes with tetracyanoethylene in CH2Cl2. The UV–vis spectra of the CT complexes indicated that the ionization potential of 2,2-bis(trimethylsilyl)dithiasilole was smaller than that of 2,2-dimethyldithiasilole. The results were explained by the σ(Si–R)–π interactions resulting in a higher HOMO level. Ab initio MO calculations supported the experimental results.
Cyclization of 1,2-Disilacyclohexa-3,5-dienes Initiated by Electron Transfer Reactions with TCNE
Authors: Mochida Kunio , Shimizu Hiromi , Nanjo Masato 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Thermal reaction of 1,2-disilacyclohexa-3,5-dienes with tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) gave 8-amino-6,6,11,11-tetramethyl-2,3,4,5-tetraphenyl-7-aza-6,11-disilatricyclo[5,3,0,12,5]undeca-3,8,10(1)-triene-9,10-dicarbonitrile through a charge-transfer complex.
Preparation of Polycrystalline HT-LiCoO2 Using Molten Salt Synthesis Method at 280 °C
Authors: Hong Young-Sik , Han Chi-Hwan , Kim Keon 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Polycrystalline HT-LiCoO2 powders with homogeneous size distribution have been synthesized at 280 °C by the molten salt synthesis method using 0.59 LiNO3–0.41 LiOH as a flux. These powders exhibit a good electrochemical behavior without further heat treatment at higher temperatures.
Transmetallation Reaction of 1-Phenylthio- or 1-Tolylthio-2-(2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenyl)-2-phosphaethenyllithium with Copper(II) and Mercury(II)
Authors: Ito Shigekazu , Yoshifuji Masaaki 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Transmetallation of bulky 1-arylthio-2-(2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenyl)-2-phosphaethenyllithiums with copper(II) and mercury(II) afforded the corresponding 1,4-diphospha-1,3-butadiene derivatives as homocoupled products and organomercury compounds, respectively, which were analyzed by X-ray crystallography.
Lifetime of Singlet Oxygen (1Δg) in Liquid and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Okamoto Masami , Takagi Toshiharu , Tanaka Fujio 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
The lifetime of singlet oxygen, 1O2 (1Δg), in liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide (SCF CO2) was determined by a time-resolved phosphorescence method. In both the systems, the lifetime decreased significantly with increasing pressure. The pressure dependence of the lifetime in SCF CO2 was satisfactorily interpreted by the quenching mechanism in liquid phase that involves solvent cage.
Total Syntheses of Phycocyanobilin Derivatives Bearing a Modified A-Ring toward the Structure/Function Analysis of Phytochrome
Authors: Sawamoto Daisuke , Nakamura Hiroshi , Kinoshita Hideki , Fujinami Shuhei , Inomata Katsuhiko 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Phycocyanobilin (PCB) derivatives bearing a modified A-ring, including 3,3′-dihydrogenated PCB derivatives, were efficiently synthesized in free acid forms by applying our original methods for the preparation of A-, A/B-, and C/D-ring components toward the structure/function analysis of phytochrome.
Unusually High Reactivity of cis-Cp*W(CO)2(MeCN)Me to CO Insertion Reaction with Isocyanide
Authors: Sakaba Hiroyuki , Tsukamoto Masanori , Kabuto Chizuko , Horino Hiroshi 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
The reaction of cis-Cp*W(CO)2(MeCN)Me with CNtBu gave a mixture of the acetonitrile substitution products cis- and trans-Cp*W(CO)2(CNtBu)Me and the CO insertion products cis- and trans-Cp*W(CO)(CNtBu)2(COMe). The substitution was favored at room temperature, while the insertion was favored at low temperature.
Protonation-Induced Conformational Changes of N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylethylenediamine. Importance of Strong N–H+···N Hydrogen Bonding
Authors: Ohno Keiichi , Kuriyama Taku , Fukuda Makoto , Yoshida Hiroshi , Matsuura Hiroatsu 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
The effect of protonation on the conformation of N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) has been studied by Raman spectroscopy and ab initio theory. TMEDA and TMEDAH22+ molecules assume predominantly the trans NC–CN conformation in aqueous solution, while a large number of TMEDAH+ molecules assume the gauche NC–CN conformation, as stabilized by strong intramolecular 1,4-N–H+···N hydrogen bonding.
Alternative Synthesis of (Z)-1-Aryl-1-(tributylstannyl)-2-(triethylgermyl)ethenes and the Unprecedented Germyl 1,2-Migration during the Destannylation of the Adducts
Authors: Nakano Taichi , Senda Yoshiya , Miyamoto Takashi 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
A specific combination catalyst, Pd(dba)2 and 4-ethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, effectively catalyzed the addition of tributyl(triethylgermyl)stannane to arylacetylenes in tetrahydrofuran to give (Z)-1-aryl-2-(germyl)-1-(stannyl)ethenes in high yields. The (Z)-1-aryl-2-(germyl)-1-(stannyl)ethenes were subject to the unprecedented germyl 1,2-migration during the destannylation using HI / TBAI in toluene to produce 1-aryl-1-(germyl)ethenes in high yields.
Synthesis of Mesoporous TiO2 Spheres under Static Condition
Authors: Wang Lianzhou , Tomura Shinji , Maeda Masaki , Ohashi Fumihiko , Inukai Keiichi , Suzuki Masaya 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Mesoporous TiO2 with well-defined spherical morphologies has been synthesized under quiescent condition via the template-assisted slow hydrolysis of titanium alkoxide in environmental humidity.
Ajanoside, a Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor with a Novel Skeleton from Ajania fruticulosa
Authors: Meng Jun Cai , Tan Ren Xiang 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
The structure of ajanoside, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor with a novel skeleton isolated from the aerial parts of Ajania fruticulosa, was determined to be [2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-1,3-dioxin-5-yl]methyl β-d-glucopyranoside on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses.
Observation of Highly Stable Radical Anions of Ladder Oligosilanes
Authors: Kyushin Soichiro , Miyajima Yoshifumi , Matsumoto Hideyuki 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
The radical anions of ladder oligosilanes were generated by the reduction with alkali metals and observed by UV–visible–NIR and ESR spectroscopies. The radical anions of the longer ladder oligosilanes are highly stable at room temperature.
Synthesis and Hg2+-Selective Ionophoric Properties of p-tert-Butylcalix[4]arene-aza-crown Ethers
Authors: Choi Mi Jung , Kim Mi Yee , Kim Joo Ryun , Chang Suk-Kyu 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
A series of new p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene aza-crown ethers has been prepared. They showed pronounced selective ionophoric properties in transport experiments toward Hg2+ ions among the heavy metal ions and Cu2+ ions among the transition metal ions surveyed. The calix[4]arene diaza-crown ethers are found to be relatively well optimized for the transport of Hg2+ ions.
The mystery of the wooden leg: vitamin C deficiency in East African prisons
Authors: Bennett M , Coninx R 
Published: May 2005

Vitamin C deficiency (scurvy) is an uncommon disease in modern times, and therefore easily misdiagnosed when it appears. While visiting prisoners in East Africa, health delegates of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) encountered prisoners suffering from a hitherto undiagnosed 'mysterious' illness, consisting mainly of swollen and hard legs, that had not responded to various treatments given by the local health centre or hospital. The ICRC set out to investigate the nature of this disease and examined 133 prisoners with the suspected clinical symptoms described as 'wooden leg' syndrome in 10 different prisons. Serum ascorbic acid levels were measured and a food basket analysis done. The diagnosis of scurvy was confirmed. All patients responded to standard treatment with oral ascorbic acid. The clinical presentation of scurvy in these East African prisons seems to be somewhat different from the classic descriptions, but is in line with historic records of the disease. Treatment is easy and cheap, and response to treatment is quick. Scurvy remains a problem in prisons in Africa and clinicians working in prisons need to be aware of its presence and its presentations.
Epidemiology, Comparative Methods of Detection, and Preventability of Adverse Drug Events
Authors: Al-Tajir Ghada K , Kelly William N 
Published: June 2005

BACKGROUND Adverse drug events (ADEs) continue to be of concern to all health professionals. Even serious ADEs are underreported in all patient-care environments. OBJECTIVE To discover the incidence and the best detection methods and preventability for ADEs at Al Qassimi Hospital, a 360-bed facility in the United Arab Emirates. METHODS During the first and fourth quarters of 2003, data collection for ADEs was limited to spontaneous reporting. During the second and third quarters, active monitoring for ADEs took place in the adult, pediatric medical, and intensive care wards. ADEs were assessed for causality using the Naranjo algorithm and for severity and preventability. The incidence of ADEs was calculated and the detection methods were compared. RESULTS The incidence of ADEs detected through surveillance was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than for ADEs reported spontaneously for both inpatients (3.592 vs 0.068/100 patient days) and outpatients (0.299 vs 0.022/100 patient visits). Most ADEs were judged to be of mild to moderate severity. About 56% of ADEs were judged definite or probable and, of these, 13.8% were consistently judged preventable. The most prevalent drugs implicated were central nervous system (23.6%), antiinfective (17.1%), and cardiovascular (16.5%) agents. The best ADE detection method was using physicians' notes. CONCLUSIONS Active surveillance for ADEs, with the aid of ADE trigger alerts, yields a significantly higher number of reports than spontaneous reporting. Such surveillance is useful in identifying areas where improvements in the safe use of drugs can be made.
Patterns of Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use Across Three Cohorts of Older Medicaid Recipients
Authors: Rigler Sally K , Jachna Carolyn M , Perera Subashan , Shireman Theresa I , Eng Marty L 
Published: June 2005

BACKGROUND Potentially inappropriate medication use is a serious quality concern, especially when it occurs in more vulnerable older adults or for extended durations. OBJECTIVE To characterize patterns of inappropriate medication use and duration among 3 cohorts with differing health status. METHODS We identified unconditionally inappropriate drug use, using Beers 1997 criteria, among 3185 older Kansas Medicaid beneficiaries. Claims from May 2000 to April 2001 provided data for 3 cohorts: nursing facility (NF) residents, recipients of home- and community-based services through the Frail Elderly (FE) program, and persons with neither NF/FE care (Ambulatory). Duration, categorized as short-term (≤1 month's supply), extended (>1–9 mo), or chronic (>9–12 mo), was determined for each drug and cohort. Drug–disease associations were explored. RESULTS Any inappropriate medication use occurred in 21%, 48%, and 38% of Ambulatory, FE, and NF cohorts, respectively. Inappropriate analgesics, antihistamines, antidepressants, muscle relaxants, and oxybutynin were most common, but prevalence and duration varied by cohort. Short-term analgesic and antihistamine use was common. FE cohort members had the highest use rates for all drugs. The NF cohort had less antidepressant and muscle relaxant use. Drug–disease associations were noted for amitriptyline use in diabetes mellitus, propoxyphene use in musculoskeletal and upper gastrointestinal conditions, and muscle relaxant use in musculoskeletal conditions. CONCLUSIONS Cross-sectional, one-year prevalence figures are comprised of both short- and long-term use that varies by drug and cohort. NF residence is associated with reduced use of drugs scrutinized during mandated medication review. Relevant diseases are associated with specific inappropriate prescribing. Future efforts should target extended and chronic duration of use and persons at highest risk for adverse effects, including recipients of home- and community-based care.
Evaluation of Presence of Aspirin-Related Warnings with Willow Bark
Authors: Clauson Kevin A , Santamarina Marile L , Buettner Christian M , Cauffield Jacintha S 
Published: June 2005

BACKGROUND The dietary supplement willow bark, also known simply as willow, contains salicylates that may present a safety risk to people. Current regulations do not require willow bark to include any cautions on its label. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the absence or presence of label warnings related to salicylates contained in willow bark to ascertain whether a potentially dangerous lack of information exists. METHODS The label of each willow supplement and willow-containing product was assessed for the presence or absence of 3 warnings: (1) aspirin allergy/sensitivity, (2) use of anticoagulants or “blood thinners,” and (3) children with flu-like symptoms or Reye's syndrome. Products from pharmacies and health food stores were targeted and their labels analyzed. A compilation of the identified products was used to conduct a similar evaluation of warnings from their Web sites. RESULTS A total of 58 willow bark–containing and 12 single-ingredient willow bark products were assessed. Of the 70 products evaluated, only 8.6% listed a warning. The warning regarding aspirin sensitivity was present on 4.3%, Reye's syndrome was 2.9%, and interactions with anticoagulants/“blood thinners” was 4.3%. One product was labeled as aspirin-free. Percentages were lower on Web sites. CONCLUSIONS There is a dearth of information regarding potential safety risks on the labels of willow bark and willow bark–containing products. Combination products containing willow bark may pose a greater danger to at-risk patients based on their sheer volume. Counseling of patients who take dietary supplements can improve the situation; however, it may ultimately take improved requirements for dietary supplement labeling to fully address this problem.
Psychosocial Risk Associated With Newborn Screening for Cystic Fibrosis: Parents’ Experience While Awaiting the Sweat-Test Appointment
Authors: Tluczek Audrey , Koscik Rebecca L. , Farrell Philip M. , Rock Michael J. 
Published: June 2005

Background. The psychosocial effects on parents of infants with abnormal results in cystic fibrosis (CF) newborn screening (NBS) that uses genetic testing remain unclear.Methods. Twenty-eight individuals representing 14 families participated in grounded theory interviews ∼6 months after their child’s positive NBS results for CF. Participants also completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scales (CES-D) at their infant’s sweat-test appointment (n = 51) and/or ∼6 months after the sweat test (n = 35).Results. Most parents experienced high levels of emotional distress during their wait for the sweat-test appointment (CES-D score, mean ± SD: 16.5 ± 6.7; 43.1% in the clinical range; median wait: 7 days; range: 3–35 days). CES-D scores of these parents were also significantly higher than those of comparison parents. Interviews showed that parental cognitive uncertainty and emotional distress were influenced by the parents’ prior knowledge of NBS, CF, and their carrier status; parents’ adjustment to their new baby; and the physicians’ approach to informing parents. Parents’ coping strategies involved requesting a sweat test as soon as possible, searching for information, assessing the infant’s risk/health, seeking support, praying, or not talking with others.Conclusions. The waiting period from notification regarding positive NBS results to diagnostic test results can be psychologically distressing to parents, causing depressive symptoms that vary depending on their perceptions about the likelihood that their infant has CF. Implications for future research examining psychosocial interventions for NBS are discussed.