bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deoxidation Electrolysis of Hematite in Alkaline Solution: Impact of Cell Configuration and Process Parameters on Reduction Efficiency
Authors: Fayaz Reza , Bösing Ingmar , La Mantia Fabio , Baune Michael , Hanafi Md Izzuddin Jundullah , Gesing Thorsten M. , Thöming Jorg 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecent research is investigating deoxidation electrolysis for eco‐friendly iron extraction. However, many parameters are not fully understood and inconsistencies in reported Faradaic efficiencies pose challenges for finding the most suitable experimental conditions. Thus, we investigated the dependence of hematite reduction efficiency on process parameters and cell configurations. Firstly, we studied the influence of the anode material. The experiments included cyclic voltammetry to identify the redox potentials, electrolysis, and X‐ray diffraction followed by Rietveld refinement to analyze the pellets after electrolysis. In some cases, scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy was employed to track the elemental map of the cathode pellets. Nickel/iron alloy, a well‐known oxygen‐evolving electrocatalyst material, clearly outperformed other anode materials, namely graphite, titanium, nickel, and platinum. Subsequent investigations explored the impact of an inert atmosphere and anode‐cathode decoupling on Faradaic efficiency. The findings indicated that the decline in Faradaic efficiency cannot be solely attributed to the hydrogen evolution reaction, but also to other parasitic effects such as carbon cycles. Additionally, we employed energy consumption measurements as a mean of comparing the process against established extractive methodologies. The required energy consumption by electrolysis is up to 46 % lower than that of a blast furnace.
Synthesis, Structure and Reactivity of a Mononuclear N,N,O‐Bound Fe(II) α‐Keto‐Acid Complex
Authors: Monkcom Emily C. , Gómez Laura , Lutz Martin , Ye Shengfa , Bill Eckhard , Costas Miquel , Klein Gebbink Robertus J. M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA bulky, tridentate phenolate ligand (ImPh2NNOtBu) was used to synthesise the first example of a mononuclear, facial, N,N,O‐bound iron(II) benzoylformate complex, [Fe(ImPh2NNOtBu)(BF)] (2). The X‐ray crystal structure of 2 reveals that the iron centre is pentacoordinate (τ=0.5), with a vacant site located cis to the bidentate BF ligand. The Mössbauer parameters of 2 are consistent with high‐spin iron(II), and are very close to those reported for α‐ketoglutarate‐bound non‐heme iron enzyme active sites. According to NMR and UV‐vis spectroscopies, the structural integrity of 2 is retained in both coordinating and non‐coordinating solvents. Cyclic voltammetry studies show that the iron centre has a very low oxidation potential and is more prone to electrochemical oxidation than the redox‐active phenolate ligand. Complex 2 reacts with NO to form a S=3/2 {FeNO}7 adduct in which NO binds directly to the iron centre, according to EPR, UV‐vis, IR spectroscopies and DFT analysis. Upon O2 exposure, 2 undergoes oxidative decarboxylation to form a diiron(III) benzoate complex, [Fe2(ImPh2NNOtBu)2(μ2‐OBz)(μ2‐OH)2]+ (3). A small amount of hydroxylated ligand was also observed by ESI‐MS, hinting at the formation of a high‐valent iron(IV)‐oxo intermediate. Initial reactivity studies show that 2 is capable of oxygen atom transfer reactivity with O2, converting methyl(p‐tolyl)sulfide to sulfoxide.
Hash message authentication codes for securing data in wireless body area networks
Authors: Nagasundharamoorthi Insozhan , Venkatesan Prabhu , Velusamy Parthasarathy 
Published: October 2023

SummaryThere are numerous medical applications for the growing use of wireless body area networks (WBANs), including remote patient health monitoring, early illness detection, and computer‐assisted rehabilitation. WBAN links many sensor nodes implanted or affixed to the human body to monitor physiological data. WBAN technology has the potential to benefit medical healthcare systems tremendously. However, the gathering and transferring sensitive physiological data in an unprotected environment raises severe security and privacy concerns. The limited resources and broadcast transmission of a WBAN pose grave safety issues in biomedical applications. Keeping sensitive patient data safe during broadcasts is critical in the healthcare business. As a result of the massive memory and processing requirements required by traditional public or private key architectures, tiny sensor nodes cannot use them. WBAN sensor nodes can communicate securely using the KHMAC key‐agreement technique proposed in this article. Measurements and confirmations of shared physiological parameters at the transmitter and recipient sensors are key to the proposed protocol KHMAC before communication is established. The proposed KHMAC protocol enables sensors to use their prior session knowledge for secure communication within a predetermined time window. This will shorten the time it takes to establish a shared key, prevent the retransmission of extracted characteristics in the medium and eavesdropping attacks, and preserve the unpredictability of the key. Both the feature extraction and key agreement stages will be shown to have higher precision and lower error rates with KHMAC's proposed key management methodology. The proposed protocol is proven to be more energy and memory efficient than existing key agreement systems.
Insights into Hildebrand Solubility Parameters – Contributions from Cohesive Energies or Electrophilicity Densities?**
Authors: Miranda‐Quintana Ramón Alain , Chen Lexin , Smiatek Jens 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe introduce certain concepts and expressions from conceptual density functional theory (DFT) to study the properties of the Hildebrand solubility parameter. The original form of the Hildebrand solubility parameter is used to qualitatively estimate solubilities for various apolar and aprotic substances and solvents and is based on the square root of the cohesive energy density. Our results show that a revised expression allows the replacement of cohesive energy densities by electrophilicity densities, which are numerically accessible by simple DFT calculations. As an extension, the reformulated expression provides a deeper interpretation of the main contributions and, in particular, emphasizes the importance of charge transfer mechanisms. All calculated values of the Hildebrand parameters for a large number of common solvents are compared with experimental values and show good agreement for non‐ or moderately polar aprotic solvents in agreement with the original formulation of the Hildebrand solubility parameters. The observed deviations for more polar and protic solvents define robust limits from the original formulation which remain valid. Likewise, we show that the use of machine learning methods leads to only slightly better predictability.
A case of reflux laryngitis after iodine staining for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yatsuji Sho , Misumi Yoshitsugu , Tamiya Akiko , Nonaka Kouichi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIodine staining allows for clear visualization of the lesion boundaries of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and is used as the gold standard for detecting and diagnosing the extent of the cancer. Heartburn and retrosternal pain are known side effects; however, no reports of pharyngitis or laryngitis exist. Therefore, we present a case of laryngitis caused by iodine reflux. An 80‐year‐old female patient underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial esophageal cancer. During the operation, a reflux of the iodine used for diagnosing the extent of the lesion occurred, and she experienced laryngitis accompanied by hoarseness postoperatively, which improved with steroid administration. Laryngitis due to iodine reflux may cause airway stenosis, and preventing reflux requires anterograde application of iodine and spraying iodine as gently and locally as possible.
Factors influencing autumn–winter movements of midcontinent Mallards and consequences for harvest and habitat management
Authors: Pearse Aaron T. , Szymanski Michael L. , Anchor Cynthia A. , Anteau Michael J. , Murano Rocco M. , Brandt David A. , Stafford Joshua D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAnnual phenology and distributions of migratory wildlife have been noticeably influenced by climate change, leading to concerns about sustainable populations. Recent studies exploring conditions influencing autumn migration departure have provided conflicting insights regarding factors influencing the movements of Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), a popular game species. We determined factors affecting timing and magnitude of long‐distance movements of 97 juvenile Mallards during autumn‐winter across the midcontinent of North America marked with implanted transmitters in North and South Dakota, 2018–2019. Factors influencing variation in movement timing, along with direction and magnitudes, depended on type of movement (i.e., regional [25–310 km], initial migration, or subsequent migration movements [>310 km]). Photoperiod influenced probability of initiating all movements, although the effect was most influential for regional movements. Minimum temperature most influenced initial migration events (probability of movement increased 29% for each 1°C decrease); favorable winds also increased likelihood of initial migration events. Probability of subsequent migration events increased 80% for each 1 cm increase in depth of snow. Subsequent migration movements also were 2.0 times more likely to occur on weekend days, indicating disturbance from humans may influence movements. Migration distances increased 166 km for each 1°C reduction in minimum temperature. We also observed markedly different autumn‐winter distributions of marked birds between years. Median locations during autumn‐winter 2018–2019 were ~250 km farther north and ~300 km farther west during mid‐December–January compared to the same time in 2019–2020. Concurrently, harvest rates for marked females and males were 10% and 26% during autumn‐winter 2018–2019 and 26% and 31% during autumn‐winter 2019–2020. Climate‐related changes may result in increasingly variable autumn‐winter distributions, with implications for wildlife recreationalists, conservation planners, and harvest managers.
Opposing effects of warming on the stability of above‐ and belowground productivity in facing an extreme drought event
Authors: Ma Fangfang , Yan Yingjie , Svenning Jens‐Christian , Quan Quan , Peng Jinlong , Zhang Ruiyang , Wang Jinsong , Tian Dashuan , Zhou Qingping , Niu Shuli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractClimate warming, often accompanied by extreme drought events, could have profound effects on both plant community structure and ecosystem functioning. However, how warming interacts with extreme drought to affect community‐ and ecosystem‐level stability remains a largely open question. Using data from a manipulative experiment with three warming treatments in an alpine meadow that experienced one extreme drought event, we investigated how warming modulates resistance and recovery of community structural and ecosystem functional stability in facing with extreme drought. We found warming decreased resistance and recovery of aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) and structural resistance but increased resistance and recovery of belowground net primary productivity (BNPP), overall net primary productivity (NPP), and structural recovery. The findings highlight the importance of jointly considering above‐ and belowground processes when evaluating ecosystem stability under global warming and extreme climate events. The stability of dominant species, rather than species richness and species asynchrony, was identified as a key predictor of ecosystem functional resistance and recovery, except for BNPP recovery. In addition, structural resistance of common species contributed strongly to the resistance changes in BNPP and NPP. Importantly, community structural resistance and recovery dominated the resistance and recovery of BNPP and NPP, but not for ANPP, suggesting the different mechanisms underlie the maintenance of stability of above‐ versus belowground productivity. This study is among the first to explain that warming modulates ecosystem stability in the face of extreme drought and lay stress on the need to investigate ecological stability at the community level for a more mechanistic understanding of ecosystem stability in response to climate extremes.
Population and functional genomics of lactic acid bacteria, an important group of food microorganism: Current knowledge, challenges, and perspectives
Authors: Li Weicheng , Wu Qiong , Kwok Lai‐yu , Zhang Heping , Gan Renyou , Sun Zhihong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLactic acid bacteria (LAB) are widely used in the food industry, but little is known about their population genomics, hindering our understanding of their genetic background and evolution. To better understand the evolution of LAB and their potential applications to related food production, we conducted a scoping review of the literature focusing on genomic issues related to LAB. The research progress of LAB population and functional genomics was summarized by sorting the literature of LAB genomics research in the last 10–15 years. According to the existing evidence, the formation mechanism of characteristics of LAB and their habitat adaptive evolution directed by genome decay and horizontal gene transfer were elucidated. The major evolutionary driving forces of LAB are mutations and horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events with or without the involvement of mobile genetic elements instead of recombination. We also underline the application of LAB genome in food safety and properties. Collectively, this review paper provides up‐to‐date information of the population and functional genomics of LAB, current challenges in the field, and suggestions for improving the exploitation and application of LAB resources.
Western diet strongly influences gut microbiomes in nursing rat dams but translates modest long‐term consequences to offspring modulated by leptin supplementation during suckling
Authors: Pomar Catalina A. , Viver Tomeu , Valle Ana , Gago Juan F , Castillo Pedro , Palou Mariona , Palou Andreu , Rossello‐Mora Ramon , Picó Catalina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEarly life conditions may influence the gut microbiome and contribute to health status in adulthood. We examined the impact of maternal obesity and/or obesogenic diet on the gut microbiome of mothers (at weaning) and their adult offspring, along with the effects of leptin supplementation during suckling. Three groups of rats were studied: control (C) dams, fed with standard diet (SD); western diet (WD) dams, fed with WD (a high‐fat, high‐sucrose diet) before gestation and during gestation and lactation; and reversion (REV) dams, fed as WD‐dams but with SD during lactation. Offspring were supplemented throughout suckling with leptin/vehicle and weaned on an SD. WD‐dams showed lower microbial diversity and an altered microbiome compared to C‐ and REV‐dams, widely normalized by diet improvement during lactation. WD‐ and REV‐offspring (males) displayed lower microbiome diversity and greater dominance compared to C‐offspring. Taxonomic group differences (Proteobacteria phylum and Bacteroides, Parasutterella, and Phocea genera) were observed in WD‐ and REV‐offspring. WD‐offspring, but not REV‐offspring, had a greater abundance of the phylum Firmicutes and Lachnospiraceae family and a lower abundance of the family Tannerellaceae compared to C‐offspring. Leptin supplementation led to decreased abundance of the phylum Actinobacteria (family Eggerthellaceae and genera Enterorhabdus and Adlercreutzia (females)), and the genera Lachnospiraceae UCG‐008 group, Roseburia and Limosilactobacillus, and increased abundance of the genus Dellaglioa, compared to vehicle‐treated groups. Therefore, maternal consumption of an obesogenic diet during the perinatal period results in microbiome changes in dams, alleviated by dietary improvement during lactation. Maternal conditions and leptin supplementation during suckling modestly influenced the microbiome in adulthood, which might partially contribute to the adverse/beneficial effects, respectively, of these conditions on programmed metabolic health.
Impact of water loss on sustainability of the Mississippi River channel in its deltaic reach
Authors: Allison Mead A. , Meselhe Ehab A. , Kleiss Barbara A. , Duffy Sean M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Mississippi River channel from New Orleans to the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) is a key deep draft navigation channel and an active deltaic lobe. Natural and engineered lateral exits from this reach into adjacent receiving basins historically has provided mineral sediment for wetland accretion in the face of rising relative sea level and supported estuarine‐coastal food webs. However, our analysis indicates water losses from the channel have increased by 25% since 2004 due to (1) bank failures during large floods since 2012 that have created several large exit channels downriver of the flood protection levee, and (2) the opening of an engineered diversion at West Bay in 2004. This has resulted in a 60%–80% loss in stream power in the lowermost navigation channel that is accompanied by net shoaling between 2012 and 2022 and an increased dredging need. Our 2022 survey in the GOM exit passes indicates that only 20% of the freshwater, 5% of the total suspended sediment (2% of the sand) at New Orleans now reaches the GOM: this supports previous research indicating the delta front is retreating after centuries of progradation. Together these results indicate that (1) river containment and the sustainability of the navigation channel is threatened, (2) sediment load reaching the seaward end of the delta may be insufficient to avoid major degradation, and (3) the increased freshwater flux into adjacent shallow coastal water bodies has unknown implications for coastal hypoxia and food webs, including commercial species (e.g., oysters) and marine mammals. Future acceleration in sea level rise rates and tropical storm frequency/intensity would likely worsen these trends.
Replacement of watching television with physical activity and the change in gestational diabetes mellitus risk: A case–control study
Authors: Kouiti Malak , Lozano‐Lorca Macarena , Youlyouz‐Marfak Ibtissam , Mozas‐Moreno Juan , González‐Palacios Torres Carla , Olmedo‐Requena Rocío , Gea Alfredo , Jiménez‐Moleón José Juan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of replacing 1 h/week of watching television with 1 h/week of light to moderate (LMPA) or vigorous physical activity (VPA) before and during pregnancy on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).MethodsA case–control study was conducted in pregnant women. Physical activity and television watching before and during pregnancy were assessed using the Paffenbarger Physical Activity Questionnaire. Each type of activity was classified according to intensity (metabolic equivalent of task; MET): less than 6 METs is LMPA, 6 METs or more is VPA. The duration of physical activity and watching television was calculated, and logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals for their association with GDM risk. The isotemporal substitution model was used to calculate the effect of replacing 1 h/week of watching television with the same duration of physical activity.ResultsThe GDM cases (n = 290) spent less time performing VPA than controls without GDM (n = 1175) and more time watching television during pregnancy (P < 0.05). During pregnancy, the risk of GDM increased for each hour of watching television (aOR = 1.02; 95% confidence interval 1.00–1.03). Women who spent more time watching television during pregnancy were likely to develop GDM (aOR>14 h/week vs. 0–6 h/week = 2.03; 95% confidence interval 1.35–3.08). Replacing 1 h/week of watching television with 1 h/week of VPA during pregnancy could decrease the chance of developing GDM (aOR = 0.66; 95% confidence interval 0.43–1.00).ConclusionsA simple change of 1 h/week of watching television for 1 h/week of VPA in pregnant women may reduce the risk of GDM considerably.
The Effect of Cimetidine and Ranitidine Administration With Zidovudine
Authors: Fletcher Courtney V. , Henry W. Keith , Noormohamed Saleem E. , Rhame Frank S. , Balfour Henry H. 
Published: October 2023

Study Objective. To evaluate the possibility of a drug interaction with zidovudine and histamine2‐receptor antagonists in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.Design. Randomized crossover study.Setting. University‐affiliated research center.Patients. Six HIV‐infected individuals.Interventions. The subjects received 7‐day regimens of zidovudine 600 mg/day alone, zidovudine with cimetidine 1200 mg/day, and zidovudine with ranitidine 300 mg/day.Measurements and Main Results. The renal clearance of zidovudine when given alone was 0.41 L/kg/hour, and was reduced to 0.18 L/kg/hour (p=0.002) when given with cimetidine. In the presence of cimetidine the urinary excretion of zidovudine decreased from 89.5 to 53.7 μM (p=0.01), the urinary ratio of metabolite to parent increased from 5.16 to 9.96 (p=0.0001), and the fraction of zidovudine converted to metabolite increased from 0.86 to 0.92 (p=0.0025).Conclusion. Cimetidine presumably inhibits the renal clearance of zidovudine by competing for tubular secretion. Based on the observation that neither cimetidine nor ranitidine had a significant effect on serum concentrations of zidovudine or zidovudine glucuronide, a change in the dosage of zidovudine is not warranted.
The Effect of Three Different Ranitidine Dosage Regimens on Reducing Gastric Acidity and Volume in Ambulatory Surgical Patients
Authors: O'Connor Thomas A. , Basak Jharna , Parker Susan 
Published: October 2023

Study Objective. To evaluate three different preoperative oral dosing regimens of ranitidine in ambulatory patients who had significant risk of aspiration pneumonitis (gastric pH ≤ 2.5 or volume ≥ 25 ml at intubation or extubation).Design. Double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized trial.Setting. St. Francis Hospital of Buffalo, New York.Patients. Two hundred seventy‐one ambulatory patients about to undergo a surgical procedure under general anesthesia, of whom 241 (89%) completed the trial and were considered evaluable.Interventions. Patients were randomly assigned to receive one of four regimens administered orally before surgery: placebo at bedtime the night before and in the morning on the day of surgery; ranitidine 150 mg at bedtime and in the morning; ranitidine 150 mg at bedtime and placebo in the morning; or ranitidine 300 mg at bedtime and placebo in the morning.Measurements and Main Results. Patients who received ranitidine 150 mg twice/day ranitidine 150 mg at bedtime, or ranitidine 300 mg at bedtime had a significantly (p<0.05) lower frequency of a gastric pH 2.5 or below at intubation or extubation than those taking placebo twice/day (3%, 45%, and 31%, respectively, vs 86%). In addition, gastric volume at intubation or extubation was 25 ml or above in significantly fewer patients receiving ranitidine 150 mg at bedtime than placebo (37% vs 13%, p<0.05). Overall, the number of patients with risk factors for aspiration pneumonitis was significantly lower with ranitidine 150 mg twice/day (20%), ranitidine 150 mg at bedtime (48%), and ranitidine 300 mg at bedtime (35%) than placebo (86%) (p<0.001), and significantly lower with ranitidine 150 mg twice/day than ranitidine 150 mg at bedtime (p<0.05).Conclusions. Ranitidine 150 mg twice/day preoperatively reduced to the greatest degree the percentage of patients who developed significant risk factors for aspiration pneumonitis after surgery under general anesthesia.