bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of potential transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy cases in the Brazilian public health system using a machine learning model
Authors: Zuppo Laper Isabella , Camacho-Hubner Cecilia , Vansan Ferreira Rafaela , Leite Bertoli de Souza Claudenice , Simões Marcus Vinicius , Fernandes Fabio , de Barros Correia Edileide , de Jesus Lopes de Abreu Ariane , Silva Julian Guilherme 
Published: February 2024

Objectives
To identify and describe the profile of potential transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CM) cases in the Brazilian public health system (SUS), using a predictive machine learning (ML) model.

Methods
This was a retrospective descriptive database study that aimed to estimate the frequency of potential ATTR-CM cases in the Brazilian public health system using a supervised ML model, from January 2015 to December 2021. To build the model, a list of ICD-10 codes and procedures potentially related with ATTR-CM was created based on literature review and validated by experts.

Results
From 2015 to 2021, the ML model classified 262 hereditary ATTR-CM (hATTR-CM) and 1,581 wild-type ATTR-CM (wtATTR-CM) potential cases. Overall, the median age of hATTR-CM and wtATTR-CM patients was 66.8 and 59.9 years, respectively. The ICD-10 codes most presented as hATTR-CM and wtATTR-CM were related to heart failure and arrythmias. Regarding the therapeutic itinerary, 13% and 5% of hATTR-CM and wtATTR-CM received treatment with tafamidis meglumine, respectively, while 0% and 29% of hATTR-CM and wtATTR-CM were referred to heart transplant.

Conclusion
Our findings may be useful to support the development of health guidelines and policies to improve diagnosis, treatment, and to cover unmet medical needs of patients with ATTR-CM in Brazil.
Learning Styles and Teaching Strategies in Gastronomy: Kolb theory applied to students and teachers of the University Center Senac Campus Águas de São Pedro
Authors: Prezoto Ana Paula Tunussi , Teixeira Nicholas Fernandes , Amaral Karoline Bertucci do , Isaac Victor Ragazzi , Coletti Gabriel Furlan 
Published: February 2024

Learning can be defined as a process of creation and incorporation of knowledge through the transformation of experience. It is through the combination of apprehension experience that learning occurs, i.e., through transformative experience and by understanding information. This study is based on Kolb's theory, which defines four cyclic stages that exemplify learning modes. This article investigates the learning styles of undergraduate students of the higher education course in Gastronomy Technology of the SENAC University Center of the Águas de São Pedro campus, aiming to verify the preferences for the methodologies applied in the unit, and the relationship between the learning styles of the students and those of their teachers. This is an exploratory and descriptive study, based on bibliographic research. It is also quantitative, as it uses a standardized test/structured questionnaire for the data collection. Results were obtained from a sample of 115 students, mostly demonstrating convergence in terms of learning styles and preferred methodologies, preferring, in the latter case, technical visit, experimentation and dialogued exposure. Among the sample of teachers, comprising 22 respondents, the accommodating learning style was prevalent. Based on these results, it was concluded that the students’ predominant learning style differed from that of the teachers, presenting teachers with a challenge to apply the best teaching methodologies and bring quality teaching.
Extremal subsets in geodesically complete spaces with curvature bounded above
Authors: Fujioka Tadashi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We introduce the notion of an extremal subset in a geodesically complete space with curvature bounded above, i.e., a GCBA space. This is an analog of an extremal subset in an Alexandrov space with curvature bounded below introduced by Perelman and Petrunin. We prove that under an additional assumption, the set of topological singularities in a GCBA space forms an extremal subset. We also exhibit some structural properties of extremal subsets in GCBA spaces.
A study of qualitative correlations between crucial bio-markers and the optimal drug regimen of Type I lepra reaction: A deterministic approach
Authors: Nayak Dinesh , Sangeetha Anamalamudi Vilvanathan , Vamsi Dasu Krishna Kiran 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Mycobacterium leprae is a bacterium that causes the disease leprosy (Hansen’s disease), which is a neglected tropical disease. More than 2,00,000 cases are being reported per year worldwide. This disease leads to a chronic stage known as lepra reaction that majorly causes nerve damage of the peripheral nervous system leading to loss of organs. The early detection of this lepra reaction through the level of bio-markers can prevent this reaction occurring and the further disabilities. Motivated by this, we frame a mathematical model considering the pathogenesis of leprosy and the chemical pathways involved in lepra reactions. The model incorporates the dynamics of the susceptible Schwann cells, infected Schwann cells, and the bacterial load and the concentration levels of the bio-markers

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. We consider a nine-compartment optimal control problem considering the drugs used in multi drug therapy (MDT) as controls. We validate the model using 2D heat plots. We study the correlation between the bio-markers levels and drugs in MDT and propose an optimal drug regimen through these optimal control studies. We use the Newton’s gradient method for the optimal control studies.
Integration of Artificial Intelligence into Metallography: Area-wide Analysis of Microstructural Components of a Jominy Sample
Authors: Schneider J. , Rostami R. , Corcoran M. , Korpala G. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Analysing the microstructure is an essential part of quality control in many steel manufacturing and processing operations. In this work, a promising method for autonomous analysis of microstructures in low-alloy steels based on artificial intelligence image analysis is presented. This study focuses on the classification of different microstructure components in metallographic images of steel microstructures using a Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) model. Since the accuracy of the model strongly depends on the size of the data set, a data set consisting of two million optical microscopy images was created to ensure the presence of different microstructure components and their combinations for training the system. The Jominy test was performed to verify the accuracy and capability of the microstructure analysis software. The AI makes it possible to analyse large amounts of image data with high precision and at the same time with less effort than conventional methods of microstructure components analysis.
From diagnosis to therapy: the acute traumatic hemothorax – an orientation for young surgeons
Authors: Rösch Romina M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction
This review aims to provide an overview of diagnosing and managing traumatic haemothorax for young surgeons.

Content
Of 27,333 polytrauma patients in Germany in 2021, 35 % were admitted with thoracic trauma. In polytrauma patients, chest injuries are an independent negative predictor of 30-day mortality. These patients should be treated in an evidence-based and standardized manner to reduce mortality and morbidity. There are several methods of immediate diagnosis that should be used depending on hemodynamic stability. In addition to physical examination and chest X-ray, more specific techniques such as the eFAST protocol and Computed tomography (CT) of the chest are available. Once the source of bleeding has been identified, acute treatment is given depending on hemodynamic stability. Thoracic drainage remains the gold standard in the initial management of hemothorax. If surgery is required because of an active source of bleeding, a hemothorax that has not been completely relieved, or associated injuries, either a minimally invasive or open approach can be used. The main focus is to stabilize the patient and avoid early and late complications.

Summary and Outlook
Rapid and prompt diagnosis and management of traumatic hemothorax is essential for patient outcome and should be taught to all young surgeons who are in direct contact with these patients.
Design a hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm for optimal multicell-MMSE to maximize the spectral efficiency in massive MIMO systems
Authors: Kondaiah Mogiligundla , Padmaja Mididoddi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Due to many capabilities, “massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems” are regarded as a crucial enabling innovation. High energy economy, great spectral efficiency (SE), and simultaneous communication to many user equipments (UEs) are some of the sophisticated characteristics of massive MIMO systems. Huge MIMO, which involves installing arrays of antennas with a high amount of active components at the base station (BS) and utilizing coherent baseband processing, is a viable method for boosting the SE of cell phone networks. Massive MIMO’s spatial multiplexing and unparalleled array gain can increase the processing power of cellular networks. Since its origin, it has been assumed that when the number of radios increases infinitely, the coherent interference brought on by pilot emissions leads to a limited capacity limit. To achieve this objective, an optimal multicell MMSE is proposed for SE maximization. It is processed as the precoding or combining technique that is considered the small amount of spatial channel correlation, more capacity and more number of antennas, large-scale fading variations, and pilot contamination. It is noted that several cases for increasing the SE, thus it contain multiple antenna information. The prime novelty of this paper is introducing the hybrid heuristic algorithm, named as Fitness-condition of red deer and rat swarm algorithm (FRDRSA) for providing the best solution. Finally, the work performance that produced the extensive findings is examined. On the other hand, the suggested method produces an impressive result when measuring the system’s overall SE.
Engineering the plasmon modes of a confined electron gas
Authors: Haky Andrew , Vasanelli Angela , Pantzas Konstantinos , Todorov Yanko , Beaudoin Grégoire , Patriarche Gilles , Sagnes Isabelle , Sirtori Carlo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The volume plasmon modes of a confined electron gas are engineered in a step-like semiconductor potential, which induces the formation of adjacent regions of different charge density. Each region supports spatially localized collective modes. Adjacent modes are theoretically demonstrated to couple, forming delocalized modes, which are well-described with a hybridization picture. Exploiting the thin-film Berreman effect, the engineered plasmon modes are directly observed in optical measurements. Using a quantum microscopic theory, the asymmetry of the single-particle electronic states is shown to be directly imprinted on the nonuniform polarization of the collective modes.
Antidiabetic activity of methanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. fruit in alloxan-induced Swiss albino diabetic mice
Authors: Akter Shahida , Ali Hanif , Shati Ali A. , Alfaifi Mohammad Y. , Elbehairi Serag Eldin I. , Sayyed R. Z. , Yeasmin Tanzima 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The majority of natural diabetic medications come from fruits and vegetables. These natural medications help protect humans from negative impacts of chemical antidiabetics by scavenging free radicals. The present study aimed to explore the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of methanolic extract of fruits of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. (MEHSF) in alloxan-induced Swiss albino diabetic mice. The dried coarse powder of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. fruits was subjected to methanol extraction. The antidiabetic activity was determined by using alloxan-induced (80 mg/kg body weight) diabetic mice. Following a 15-day treatment period, serum biochemical parameters including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TAG), LDL-cholesterol (LDL), HDL-cholesterol (HDL), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), and serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) enzymes were estimated. The antioxidant activity was evaluated through a DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging assay. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were assessed using established methods. MESHF, containing polyphenolic and flavonoid compounds, exhibited antioxidant properties. A 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly (p < 0.05) lowered the blood glucose levels and improved biochemical parameters such as TC, TAG, LDL, and HDL in diabetic mice. Further, MESHF significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the activity of the SGPT and SGOT in diabetic mice compared to untreated diabetic mice. These results suggest that MEHSF with promising antioxidant and antidiabetic potentials can be considered to be a probable new resource of the antidiabetic agent.
Synthesis, characterization, and bioactivity test of dibutyltin(IV) dihydroxyibenzoate as disinfectant agent
Authors: Hadi Sutopo , Mustafidah Hidayatul , Yandri Yandri , Simanjuntak Wasinton , Suhartati Tati 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this work, three organotin (IV) derivatives namely dibutyltin(IV) di-2-hydroxybenzoate (DBT2-HBz) (2), dibutyltin(IV) di-3-hydroxybenzoate (DBT3-HBz) (3) and dibutyltin(IV) di-4-hydroxybenzoate (DBT4-HBz)) (4) were synthesized and tested as disinfectant against pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus. Compounds 2–4 were prepared by reacting dibutyltin(IV) oxide (DBTO) (1) with 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (2-HHBz), 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (3-HHBz) and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HHBz). The synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques including UV–Vis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR, and micro-elemental analyzer. The optical density (OD) of compounds was measured by UV–Vis at 600 nm, which showed good bioactivity against the S. aureus. The data obtained indicated that compound 4 has higher bioactivity than compound 2 and 3, and the positive control using a commercial disinfectant containing 5 % benzalkonium chloride. The optimum bioactivity of compound 4 was observed at a concentration of 5 × 10−4 M with a contact time of 10 min, as shown by the decrease in absorbance from 0.6092 to 0.4005. Compound 2 was optimal at a concentration of 5 × 10−4 M with a contact time of 10 min, and the absorbance decreased from 0.6092 to 0.4416. Compound 3 and positive control showed a smaller decrease in absorbance compared to compound 4 and 2. Overall, the results obtained indicated that the compounds synthesized have promising potential as disinfectant against pathogenic bacteria.
Graphene-based nanocomposites for gas sensors: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Banglani Talib Hussain , Chandio Imamdin , Khilji Meher-Un-Nisa , Ibrar Aliya , Memon Ayaz Ali , Ali Ayaz , Al-Anzi Bader S. , Thebo Khalid Hussain 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Exposure to toxic gases resulting from rapid industrialization poses significant health risks living organisms including human. Consequently, researchers in this modern scientific era have shown keen interest in the selective detection of these toxic gases. The development of fast, economical, selective, and highly sensitive gas sensors has become a crucial pursuit to accurately detect toxic gases and mitigate their adverse effects on the natural environment. Graphene-based nanocomposites have emerged as promising candidates for selectively detecting toxic gases due to their extensive surface area. This review paper provides a comprehensive summary of recent advancements in graphene-based gas sensors. The paper also offers an overview of various synthetic strategies for graphene and its hybrid architectures. Additionally, it delves into the detailed sensing applications of these materials. Challenges and limitations in this field have been critically evaluated and highlighted, along with potential future solutions.
Grenzsituationen im Gesundheitsbereich
Authors: Gutschmidt Rico 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Patientinnen und Patienten, die schweres körperliches oder seelisches Leid ertragen müssen oder aufgrund einer unheilbaren Erkrankung mit dem eigenen Tod konfrontiert sind, können ihre Situation als eine Grenzsituation im Sinne von Karl Jaspers erfahren. In diesem Forschungsvorhaben soll untersucht werden, wie Patientinnen und Patienten Grenzsituationen erleben und wie betreuende Personen in Medizin, Psychotherapie, Pflege und Sozialarbeit die Grenzsituationen derselben wahrnehmen.
Das Projekt hat zwei Ziele. Zunächst geht es darum, das Erleben von Grenzsituationen besser zu verstehen. Wie fühlt es sich für Menschen an, eine Grenzsituation zu erfahren, und wie verändert sich durch diese Erfahrung die Sicht auf sich selbst und auf die Welt? Darauf aufbauend soll untersucht werden, was die Einsichten über das Erleben von Grenzsituationen für den Umgang mit betroffenen Patientinnen und Patienten bedeuten. Wie lassen sich betreuende Personen für den Umgang mit Menschen in Grenzsituationen sensibilisieren?
Diese Forschungsfragen sollen mit Hilfe eines qualitativen phänomenologischen Interviewansatzes untersucht werden. Die Interviews folgen einem halbstrukturierten Vorgehen mit offenen Fragen darüber, wie Patientinnen und Patienten ihre Situation erleben und wie diese Situation von Personen wahrgenommen wird, die diesen Personenkreis betreuen.
Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse sollen verantwortlichen Akteuren im Gesundheitsbereich zur Verfügung gestellt werden und damit zu einer besseren Unterstützung von Patientinnen und Patienten in Grenzsituationen beitragen.
Brief Interventions for Suicidal Youths in Medical Settings: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pitts Brian H. , Doyle Reina , Wood Lauren , Dar Reuven , De Jesus Ayala Stephanie , Sharma Tripti , St. Pierre Marie , Anthony Bruno 
Published: February 2024

CONTEXT
Most youths who die by suicide have interfaced with a medical system in the year preceding their death, placing outpatient medical settings on the front lines for identification, assessment, and intervention.

OBJECTIVE
Review and consolidate the available literature on suicide risk screening and brief intervention with youths in outpatient medical settings and examine common outcomes.

DATA SOURCES
The literature search looked at PubMed, OVID, CINAHL, ERIC, and PsychInfo databases.

STUDY SELECTION
Interventions delivered in outpatient medical settings assessing and mitigating suicide risk for youths (ages 10–24). Designs included randomized controlled trials, prospective and retrospective cohort studies, and case studies.

DATA EXTRACTION
Authors extracted data on rates of referral to behavioral health services, initiation/adjustment of medication, follow-up in setting of assessment, suicidal ideation at follow-up, and suicide attempts and/or crisis services visited within 1 year of initial assessment.

RESULTS
There was no significant difference in subsequent suicide attempts between intervention and control groups. Analysis on subsequent crisis service could not be performed due to lack of qualifying data. Key secondary findings were decreased immediate psychiatric hospitalizations and increased mental health service use, along with mild improvement in subsequent depressive symptoms.

LIMITATIONS
The review was limited by the small number of studies meeting inclusion criteria, as well as a heterogeneity of study designs and risk of bias across studies.

CONCLUSIONS
Brief suicide interventions for youth in outpatient medical settings can increase identification of risk, increase access to behavioral health services, and for crisis interventions, can limit psychiatric hospitalizations.
Seismic Reflection and Borehole Constraints on the Tectonic Activity of the North Branch of the Lintong–Chang’an Fault: Implications for the Seismic Hazards near the Megacity of Xi’an, Central China
Authors: Xu Jianhong , Wang Qingliang , Li Tao , Wang Gang , Dang Hao , Wang Yang , Pei Gendi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Active faults that develop in urban regions pose significant seismic hazards to cities with densely concentrated populations and wealth, as demonstrated by several destructive earthquake events in the recent decades. Lintong–Chang’an fault is a known active fault, which comprises multiple branches and traverses the urban area of Xi’an in Weihe Graben—a prominent Chinese megacity with a rich 3000-year-old civilization and a population of 13 million. High-resolution seismic reflection profiles and borehole transects, combined with Quaternary strata dating, reveal that: (1) to the south of Shenhe Loess Tableland, two northern branches of the fault zone follow the trend of the middle part and extend to the front of the Qinling mountains in the SW240° direction; (2) the strata since the late Middle Pleistocene on the borehole transect have been offset, with the vertical displacement of the ∼216 ka layer measured at 5.9 ± 0.3 m, the ∼118 ka layer at 3.8 ± 0.3 m, and 41 ka layer at 1.0 ± 0.1 m, indicating an average vertical slip rate of 0.02–0.04 mm/yr for the individual branch at the study site. Notably, the slip rate of the entire fault zone could be two to three times that of a single branch. Despite the relatively low-slip rate, the fault traverses the megacity of Xi’an, is situated in the relay zone of two large, strongly active basin boundary normal faults (Huashan and Qinling Piedmont faults) and is responsible for the formation of Xi’an ground fissures. Hence, it is necessary to pay special attention to this fault.