bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucose-dependent metabolism of hippocampal primary neurons in response to chemically induced long-term potentiation
Authors: Pudelko-Malik Natalia , Drulis-Fajdasz Dominika , Fydryszewski Mateusz , Burgess Shawn , Mlynarz Piotr , Rakus Dariusz , Deja Stanislaw 
Published: February 2025

AbstractGlucose is a predominant fuel for the brain supporting its high energy demand associated with neuronal signaling and synaptic activity. Long-term potentiation (LTP) is required for learning and memory formation by generating long lasting increase in synaptic strength and signal transmission between two neurons. While the electrophysiological bases of LTP are well established, much less is known about the metabolic demands of neurons involved in LTP. Common protocols used to examine synaptic activity rely on high glucose concentrations which are far from physiological glucose levels found in the brain. Here we used primary hippocampal neurons cultured under physiological (2.5 mM) and high (25 mM) glucose to investigate the metabolic effects of chemically induced LTP. Physiological glucose was associated with neuronal survival while high glucose promoted “PAS granule” accumulation. Changes in glucose altered extracellular lactate and pyruvate concentrations and affected key intracellular metabolic intermediates and neurotransmitter levels in neuronal cells without depleting the TCA cycle. LTP induction was comparable, but mitochondrial and neurotransmitter response to LTP was differentially affected physiological and high glucose conditions. Glycogen phosphorylase inhibition had minimal effects in physiological glucose but impaired synaptic responses and altered metabolite dynamics in high glucose. Our findings demonstrate that neuronal mitochondrial metabolism is closely linked to synaptic plasticity and highlight the importance of studying neurophysiological activity physiologically relevant glucose conditions.
The Stop Signal Stepping Task: how action cancellation commands disrupt step initiation in young and healthy older adults
Authors: Healey Rebecca , Wells Marlee J. , Salomoni Sauro E. , Puri Rohan , Hinder Mark R. , St George Rebecca J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAction cancellation– the ability to rapidly cancel an initiated movement in response to unexpected events – has been extensively studied in the upper limb using the stop signal task (SST). During gait, action cancellation is needed to stop and modify steps to avoid hazards and prevent falls. By adapting the SST to step initiation, this study investigated how the anticipatory postural adjustment (APA) and foot-lift phases of forward stepping were affected by action cancellation commands, and whether this changed with healthy ageing. The SST was performed in stepping, foot tap, and finger button conditions in 27 young (Mage= 28.7 years) and 29 healthy older adults (Mage= 70.1 years).Across conditions, older adults exhibited slowerresponsespeed compared to young adults and greater proactive slowing of responses when stop cues were anticipated. However, there was no significant difference instoppingspeed between young and older adults. Stopping speed was fastest in the finger tap condition, and slowest in the step condition. When an APA was initiated in a step cancellation trial, the magnitude of the weight shift toward the step leg did not differ between successful and unsuccessful foot-lift cancellations. Foot-lift could be cancelled when stop cues were presented at similar phases of step preparation for young and older adults.These results suggest that the initial loading of the step leg is a ballistic process, however as weight is shifted toward the stance leg, action cancellation commands responding to external stimuli can decouple the APA and foot-lift step phases.Key PointsThe stop signal task (SST) – which allows an estimation of stopping speed independently of response speed – was applied to voluntary stepping in young and older adults.While response speed was slower for older than young adults, stopping speed was not significantly different between age groups in the upper limb, lower limb when seated, and during forward stepping.When stop cues were introduced, response speed slowed more in older than young adults, and more in the upper than the lower limb (i.e., Foot Tap and Step conditions).The initial preparatory weight shift toward the stepping foot was not significantly different between successfully cancelled steps and normal steps, highlighting the ballistic nature of the early phase of step preparation.Prior to foot-lift, action cancellation commands could decouple the preparatory weight shift phase from foot-lift at similar stages of step initiation in young and healthy older adults.
Filgotinib Improves Experimental Pulmonary Fibrosis by Modulating JAK1/STAT3/SOCS3/IL‐17A Signalling
Authors: Lv Yunying , Zhang Guanghua , Kong Dexin , Jiang Wanglin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundRegulatory agencies in Europe and Japan have approved filgotinib, a selective JAK1 inhibitor, for use in treating rheumatoid arthritis, but its effect and mechanism of action in treating pulmonary fibrosis remain unclear.MethodsWe performed an in vivo investigation in rats on filgotinib's effect on pulmonary fibrosis resulting from the intratracheal infusion of bleomycin (BLM). Then, we focused on the mechanisms by which filgotinib inhibits experimentally induced pulmonary fibrosis in vitro by determining its effect on TGF‐β1‐induced proliferation of mouse lung fibroblasts.ResultsContinuous gavage of filgotinib at 20 mg/kg for 14 days elicited protective effects in the BLM‐induced rat experimental pulmonary fibrosis model, as reflected in changes in Hounsfield units as an indicator of overall pulmonary function and in the lung coefficient and lung microscopic pathology scores as indicators of gross pulmonary pathology. Protein expression levels of IL‐17A, phosphorylated tyrosine kinase (p‐JAK1), p‐STAT3 and cytokine signal transduction inhibitor 3 (SOCS3) were also changed. In in vitro studies, filgotinib at 1 μM reduced TGF‐β1‐induced fibroblast proliferation and produced lower levels of IL‐17A, p‐JAK1 and p‐STAT3, but higher SOCS3.ConclusionsFilgotinib appeared to alleviate experimental pulmonary fibrosis by reducing fibroblast proliferation via inhibition of the JAK1/STAT3/SOCS3/IL‐17A pathway.
Influence of Hydrocolloids on the Drying and Functional Properties of Facheiro (Pilosocereus pachycladus) Fruit Pulp Powders
Authors: Silva Aline Priscila de França , Queiroz Alexandre José de Melo , de Figueirêdo Rossana Maria Feitosa , Silva Eugênia Telis de Vilela , Moura Henrique Valentim , da Silva Gabriel Monteiro , Andrade Fabrícia Santos , Gregório Mailson Gonçalves , Carvalho Raniza de Oliveira , Moreira Inácia dos Santos 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTNumerous native fruits with technological, nutritional, and economic potential remain largely unexplored in Brazil. Among these is the facheiro fruit (Pilosocereus pachycladus F. Ritter), a tree‐like cactus native to the Brazilian semi‐arid region. When ripe, this fruit yields a dark purple pulp characterized by a mildly sweet and slightly acidic flavor. This study aimed to produce and characterize powders derived from facheiro fruit pulp. The powders were prepared with different hydrocolloids—carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), guar gum, and xanthan gum—at varying concentrations and were labeled as follows: FI (pulp without additive), FC (pulp + 1% CMC), FG (pulp + 0.5% guar gum), and FX (pulp + 0.5% xanthan gum). These formulations were dried in a thin layer at 70°C in a forced‐air oven until reaching hygroscopic equilibrium. The powders were subsequently analyzed for their physical, physicochemical, technological, and hygroscopic properties. The analyses included water adsorption isotherms at 20°C, 30°C, and 40°C, as well as thermodynamic, thermal, and morphological evaluations. The powders exhibited a predominance of sugars, low protein content, and low acidity (pH > 5.0). The addition of hydrocolloids enhanced water, oil, and milk absorption capacities without significantly affecting flowability or cohesiveness but led to a reduction in porosity. Notably, xanthan gum also reduced the angle of repose. Water adsorption isotherms exhibited a type II sigmoid shape and were effectively described by the Oswin, Peleg, and GAB models. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption process was entropy‐driven and spontaneous. FTIR and UV–vis analyses confirmed the presence of lipids, proteins, phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, and glycosides in the powders.
The Hybrid Pathway to Flexible Power Turbines: Part III, Enabling Live Thermal Boundary Prediction Using Real-Time Plant Measurements And Lstm Neural Networks
Authors: Baker Mark , Rosic Budimir 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The global drive towards renewable energy is imposing challenging operating requirements on power turbines. Flexible load-leveling applications must accept frequent and demanding start-stop cycles. Full transient analyses are too computationally expensive for real-time simulation so monitoring relies on sparse physical measurements. Alone, these sparse data lack the fidelity for real-time prediction of a complex thermal field. A new hybrid methodology is proposed, coupling data across a range of fidelities to bridge the limitations in the individual analyses. Combining several methods in parallel: low-order models, corrected by real-time physical measurements, are calibrated with high-fidelity simulations. The multi-faceted hybrid approach enables the real-time speed of low-order analysis at high resolution. This paper series develops the critical enabling features of the hybrid method. Real-time definition of the simulation thermal boundary condition is fundamental to the methodology. A novel Long-Short-Term-Memory (LSTM) neural network is presented, enabling time series prediction of the turbine thermal profile. The remote sensing method utilizes standard plant measurements to reconstruct the turbine temperature history, allowing reliable thermal prediction whilst removing the need for direct monitoring of the casing temperature. Calculations within the training region demonstrated high accuracy, achieving a mean square error of 3.1 K and maximum instantaneous peak error of 7.6 K. Combining a reduced feature space and efficient two-step predictor-corrector structure, the LSTM method offers high-speed temperature calculation, successfully predicting one month of operating data in under a minute.
Optimizing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Parameters for Failure Prevention using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Maiti Shraman , Kumar Mukesh , Mallick Adarsha , Kumar Mahir , Sahani Ashish 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a surgical procedure aimed at improving blood circulation to the heart muscle in individuals with significant coronary artery disease. This involves transplanting a healthy artery from elsewhere in the body to bypass a blocked coronary artery. In this study, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was performed using Ansys Fluent software to examine the impact of CABG on coronary arteries that are either entirely or partially blocked. This analysis considered laminar flow conditions with the application of the no-slip boundary condition and took into account the Reynolds number parameter, considering momentum and transport properties within the specified geometric, material, and physical constraints of blockage. By leveraging insights from failure studies, this paper aim to mitigate coronary artery failure by optimizing surgical techniques. Here, the chosen model contributes to establishing optimal surgical protocols for CABG, ensuring the long-term patency of the graft. To minimize the risk of heart failure, factors such as reduced flow, velocity, and wall shear stress by precise linear positioning of the graft, and accurate assessment of blockage size and shape should be enhanced. Through CFD analysis, blood flow dynamics in the artery post-grafting has been evaluated, for the given parameters such as blockage size, and position. Optimal outcomes are achieved when the graft is positioned appropriately with blockages minimized in size and positioned strategically to maintain laminar flow conditions within the artery.
Changing the Field: Listening to Black Women as Elite Performers and Champions of Lifelong Physical Activity
Authors: Davis Brooks DeAnne 
Published: February 2025

Social and cultural experiences shaped by race and gender significantly influence physical activity engagement. The culture of elite athletics also plays a crucial role in shaping lifelong physical activity patterns. However, researchers often treat “Black women” and “athletes” as homogenous groups, focusing narrowly on barriers to physical activity while overlooking broader social factors. This limits our understanding of the dynamics shaping the physical activity experiences of individuals with intersecting identities. This study aimed to listen to Black women who were Division I elite track and field athletes to develop a contextualized understanding of factors influencing their postcompetitive physical activity. Using a womanist epistemology and data from four focus groups (N = 17), three themes emerged: Elite Performer Knowledge, People as Priority, and Self-Defined Presentation. Participants selected activities and settings informed by their elite training environment, favoring vigorous activities and competitive opportunities. They prioritized relationships with friends and family, choosing physical activities that supported these connections. Additionally, participants considered their personal ideals about body aesthetics and hairstyles, as well as related social expectations when making decisions about physical activity. Participants represented multiple cultural categories, with overlapping values and expectations, influencing their postcompetitive physical activity in diverse ways. Listening to their stories contributes to efforts to promote physical activity among Black women and athletes.
Solvent exposure, genetic susceptibility, and risk of bladder cancer
Authors: Tadesse Deborah A. , Rothman Nathaniel , Xie Shuai , Hurwitz Lauren M. , Friesen Melissa C. , Baris Dalsu , Schwenn Molly , Johnson Alison , Karagas Margaret R. , Silverman Debra T. , Koutros Stella 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The New England Bladder Cancer Study (NEBCS) has recently reported an increased bladder cancer risk with occupational exposure to mononuclear aromatic organic solvents, including exposure to benzene, toluene, and xylene and their combination BTX. However, the mechanisms by which BTX influence bladder cancer are unclear. Here, we evaluated the interaction between BTX and genetic markers in known bladder cancer susceptibility loci and in variants shown to impact the metabolism of these solvents. We used multivariate logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and p-values for multiplicative interaction in 1182 cases and 1408 controls from a population-based case-control study from New England. Lifetime occupational exposure to benzene, toluene, xylene, and BTX were assessed using occupational histories and exposure-oriented modules in conjunction with a job-exposure matrix. Buccal cells from mouthwash samples were used to conduct genotyping. Subjects with the highest cumulative exposure to benzene and who carried a risk allele in rs72826305 (CASC15) had an increased risk of bladder cancer (OR= 2.56, 95% CI: 1.28-5.12) compared to those never exposed with no risk alleles (p-interaction=0.03). Additional suggestive joint effects with benzene were evident for those carrying genetic risk variants in FGFR3 (p-value =0.01) and GSTT1 (p-interaction =0.007). Bladder cancer risk is higher among those exposed to BTX-containing solvents who also harbor common variants in CASC15, FGFR3 and GSTT1, adding to the evidence of a plausible link between these exposures and bladder cancer risk.
The Problem with Syngeneic Mouse Tumor Models
Authors: Lonberg Nils 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The advent of syngeneic mouse tumor models provided the scientific foundation for cancer immunotherapies now in widespread use. However, in many respects, these models do not faithfully recapitulate the interactions between cancer cells and the immune systems of human patients who have solid tumors because they represent a very early stage in the immune response to the newly transplanted cancer cells compared with the relatively mature stage found in human patients at the time of treatment. The lack of translatability of syngeneic models is probably responsible for many failed clinical trials conducted at considerable expense, involving far too many patients with cancer who received no benefit. Better mouse models would substantially accelerate the pace of discovery of new immunotherapies. Until these models emerge, a better understanding of the differences between the existing syngeneic models and human cancers may provide a more efficient path for moving experimental drugs into clinical development. To accomplish this, we must consider mice transplanted with syngeneic tumor cells to be in vivo assays, potentially useful for understanding the mechanism of action of immunotherapies rather than disease models.
Nordeste Caleidoscópio: depoimentos
Authors: Fernandes Ana Clara da Costa Carvalho , Motta Lucas Branco de Araujo , Almeida Magno da Guarda 
Published: February 2025

Depoimentos das escritoras Adelaide Ivánova e Manuela Cecília, do artista plástico Heway Verçosa e do pesquisador Joel Vieira da Silva Filho.
Sex Differences in Psychosocial Factors and Angina in Patients With Chronic Coronary Disease
Authors: Hausvater Anaïs , Anthopolos Rebecca , Seltzer Alexa , Spruill Tanya M. , Spertus John A. , Peteiro Jesus , Lopez‐Sendon Jose Luis , Čelutkienė Jelena , Demchenko Elena A. , Kedev Sasko , Beleslin Branko D , Sidhu Mandeep S. , Grodzinsky Anna , Fleg Jerome L. , Maron David J. , Hochman Judith S. , Reynolds Harmony R. ,   the CIAO‐ISCHEMIA Research Group
Published: February 2025

Background
Women with chronic coronary disease have more frequent angina and worse health status than men, despite having less coronary artery disease (CAD). We examined whether perceived stress and depressive symptoms mediate sex differences in angina, and whether this relationship differs in the setting of obstructive CAD or ischemia with no obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA).

Methods
We analyzed the association between sex, stress (Perceived Stress Scale‐4) and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire‐8) on angina‐related health status (Seattle Angina Questionnaire [SAQ]) at enrollment in the ISCHEMIA (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness With Medical and Invasive Approaches) trial and CIAO‐ISCHEMIA (Changes in Ischemia and Angina Over 1 Year Among ISCHEMIA Trial Screen Failures With No Obstructive CAD on Coronary CT [Computed Tomography] Angiography) ancillary study.

Results

Scores for the SAQ, Perceived Stress Scale‐4, and Patient Health Questionnaire‐8 were available in 1626 participants (N=1439 CAD and N=187 INOCA). Women had lower (worse) SAQ‐7 summary scores than men in both CAD and INOCA cohorts (CAD: median 76 [25th, 75th percentiles 60, 90] versus 83 [70, 96],
P
<0.001; INOCA: 80 [64,89] versus 85 [75, 93],
P
=0.012). Higher stress and depressive symptoms were associated with worse angina in both cohorts. Female sex, Perceived Stress Scale‐4 score, and Patient Health Questionnaire‐8 score were each independently associated with lower SAQ summary score, but CAD versus INOCA cohort was not. There was no interaction between sex and stress (−0.39 [95% CI, –1.01 to 0.23]) or sex and depression (−0.00 [95% CI, –0.53 to 0.53]) on SAQ summary score.

Conclusions
High stress and depressive symptoms were independently associated with worse angina and poorer health status, without interaction with sex with or without obstructive CAD. Factors other than stress or depression contribute to worse health status in women with obstructive CAD or INOCA.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifiers: NCT02347215, NCT01471522.
Priestly Politics
Authors: Peres Caio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
According to some scholarly consensus, the Priestly writings advance privilege and power for a group of established priests. From a political perspective, representatives of this consensus see in the Priestly writings the promotion of a centralized sociopolitical order, with priests holding political control over the Achaemenid province of Yehud, or at least attempting to do so. This article analyses two important concepts used in this characterization: hegemony and theocracy. From a more precise definition of hegemony, as found in Antonio Gramsci’s work, and theocracy, as coined by Flavius Josephus, this article shows that Priestly cultic instructions align well with the utopian and democratizing ideals that serve as a critique of every form of centralized systems of power.
“On Wings like Eagles!” (Isa 40:31)
Authors: Kozlova Ekaterina E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Faunal imagery in ancient literature has been the focus of many discussions, so much so that the increased interest in such rhetoric has been recognized as “an animal turn” in a number of disciplines, including biblical studies. This article examines the symbolism of a bird’s wings in ancient Near Eastern traditions and the Hebrew Bible. First, it surveys images of fragility in social, religious, and political domains related through wings in various states of dysfunction—bound, broken, and torn off. Then it examines images of empowerment denoted by means of strengthened, reinforced, and outspread wings. Building on previous studies of transformative symbols from the natural world, the primary focus of this essay is on the motif of restoration. To this end, it analyzes the striking rhetoric in Isa 40:29–31, i.e., the return of God’s people from captivity in the manner of soaring eagles, and in the Sumerian poem Lugalbanda and the Anzud Bird, i.e., Lugalbanda’s supernatural bird-like travel.
From State Architects to Victims
Authors: Mohammed Awol Ali 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study critically examines the massacre and ethnic cleansing of the Amhara people in Ethiopia, utilizing a qualitative research methodology with a phenomenological design. It analyzes the impact of colonial narratives on the Amhara and the subsequent ethnicization of political discourse, which has culminated in the massacres of ethnic Amharas. The Italian invasion of Ethiopia not only sought to reframe the nation as a colonial entity but also propagated divisive rhetoric that positioned the Amhara as historical oppressors. This narrative was adopted by emerging ethnonationalist groups such as the Eritrean People’s Liberation Front (eplf), Tigray People’s Liberation Front (tplf), and Oromo People’s Liberation Front (oplf). The ascendance of the tplf to state power in 1991 provided an opportunity to implement these narratives against the Amhara. These colonial-era narratives continue to resonate today, particularly following 1991 when violence against the Amhara escalated dramatically due to the actions of ethnonationalist groups in Ethiopia. Being identified as “ethnic Amhara” has increasingly become synonymous with a death sentence, as evidenced by widespread reports of violence. The study emphasizes that these ongoing atrocities are not merely isolated incidents but rather part of a systematic campaign against the Amhara people, highlighting the urgent need for global awareness and intervention to address these human rights violations.