bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monoclonal Antibodies against Sperm Intra‐acrosomal Antigens as Markers for Male Infertility Diagnostics and Estimation of Spermatogenesis
Authors: Peknicova Jana , Chladek David , Hozak Pavel 
Published: January 2005

Problem:  To determine the ability of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against acrosomal antigens to detect physiology and pathology of human spermatozoa and to detect spermatids in ejaculates of infertile male with azoospermia.Method of study:  Sperm antigens detected with prepared MoAbs were partially characterized by biochemical and immunocytochemical methods. The acrosomal status of spermatozoa was compared in men with normal and pathological spermiograms and in sperm before and after induced acrosome reaction (AR). Ejaculates from patients were tested for the presence of spermatids.Results:  MoAbs specifically bind to intra‐acrosomal sperm antigens with quantitative difference between ejaculates with normal and pathological spermiograms. These antigens are released from the acrosome after induced AR. MoAbs labeled acrosomal proteins in round and elongated spermatids in the ejaculates of patients with azoospermia.Conclusion:  MoAbs against intra‐acrosomal sperm antigens are useful for human sperm diagnosis and prediction of spermatogenesis. The spermatids can be utilized in assisted reproduction.
Analysis of the Contributions of l‐Selectin and CXCR3 in Mediating Leukocyte Homing to Pregnant Mouse Uterus
Authors: Xie Xuemei , Kang Zhumei , Anderson Laura N , He Hong , Lu Bao , Anne Croy B. 
Published: January 2005

Problem:  Dynamic changes occur in endometrial immune cell populations during pregnancy but regulatory events promoting cell recruitment to the uterus are not established. Ovarian steroid hormones promote l‐selectin and α4‐integrin‐mediated interactions between human peripheral natural killer (NK) cells and uterine endothelium while CXCR3, CXCR4 and their ligands are implicated in homing of human uNK cells to decidua.Method of study:  Mice genetically‐ablated for l‐selectin or CXCR3 were studied. Morphometric analyses of implantation sites and assays of cell function (in vitro adhesion; in vivo homing following adoptive cell transfer) were undertaken.Results:  Leukocytes home to anti‐mesometrial decidua with l‐selectin making an early (<6 hr in vivo) contribution. Unexpectedly, CXCR3 deletion had no effect on homing but reduced the ability of uNK cells to modify placental spiral arterioles.Conclusions:  Redundant mechanisms underlie homing of leukocytes to the uterus and their importance can be evaluated by an in vivo approach described herein.
Loss of Surface CD200 on Stored Allogeneic Leukocytes may Impair Anti‐abortive Effect In Vivo
Authors: Clark David A. , Chaouat Gerard 
Published: January 2005

Problem:  Prevention of spontaneous abortion by allogeneic mononuclear leukocyte immunotherapy has proven ineffective in the CBA × DBA/2 murine abortion model if the leukocytes are stored overnight before inoculation. The mechanism and generality of the phenomenon has not been elucidated.Methods:  As prevention of recurrent abortion in the CBA × DBA/2 model requires allogeneic BALB/c lymphoid cells bearing paternal antigens and the tolerance‐signaling molecule CD200 (OX‐2), we evaluated effects of cell storage on cell surface CD200 expression using flow cytometry of fresh or stored cells stained with monoclonal anti‐CD200 antibody. Release of putative CD200 molecules into culture supernatant during storage was tested by the ability of supernatants to block binding of anti‐CD200 to freshly isolated cells. Similar studies were done using human peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes. Possible binding of soluble CD200 to immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecules in plasma as a basis for the anti‐abortive effect of intravenous immunoglobulin G (IVIG) was tested using the standard peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) natural killer (NK) cell lysis of 51Cr‐labeled K562 cells and monoclonal anti‐human CD200 antibodies.Results:  Loss of anti‐abortive effect of BALB/c cells with overnight storage at 4°C and blocking of protective effect of freshly isolated cells with anti‐CD200 antibody was confirmed. Supernatants of stored cells acquired a low level of protective activity against abortion in the CBA × DBA/2 model. Cell surface CD200 was lost with overnight storage at 4 or 22°C, and supernatants acquired the ability to block binding of anti‐CD200 antibody to fresh cells. Similar results were obtained using human PBL. However, if cells were stored overnight in IgG containing plasma, binding was not blocked. Suppression of NK cell lysis by PBL was abrogated if anti‐CD200 antibody was added to the assay.Conclusions:  Loss of the tolerance signal CD200 from allogeneic cells occurs with storage overnight, and their ability to protect against abortion is lost. CD200 appears to be shed into the supernatant, and may associate with IgG molecules rendering IVIG suppressive.
Skeletal effects of bite jumping therapy on the mandible – removable vs. fixed functional appliances
Authors: Shen G , Hägg U , Darendeliler MA 
Published: January 2005

Structured AbstractAuthors – Shen G, Hägg U, Darendeliler MAObjective – Based on an extensive review of the literature, the aim of this study was to explore the mainstream consensus on the controversial topic of whether the bite jumping treatment could enhance mandibular growth.Design – The data for removable and fixed functional appliances were respectively comprehended and analyzed with regard to their attributes in mandibular growth modification. Furthermore, numerous reported findings were assessed by relating them to some important factors influencing the effects of bite jumping, such as treatment timing, treatment duration and post‐treatment follow‐up, to allow for a more objective and accurate evaluation.Results – The key differences between removable and fixed appliances are working hours (intermittent vs. continuous), length of treatment time (long vs. short), optimal treatment timing (before puberty growth vs. at or after puberty spurt), and mode of bite‐jumping (considerable vertical opening vs. limited vertical opening). These different features lead to different treatment effects on mandibular and TMJ growth, such as the intensity of possibly increased growth (clinically less significant vs. significant), the direction of enhanced growth (vertical vs. horizontal), and the stability of treatment changes (unstable vs. stable). The short‐term or long‐term post‐treatment relapse mainly relates to the rebound of dental position.Conclusion – The immediate effects of bite jumping functional appliances on the mandibular growth enhancement are convincing during actual treatment. This extra gain of growth might be sustainable during the short‐term and long‐term post‐treatment period.
The role of type X collagen in facilitating and regulating endochondral ossification of articular cartilage
Authors: Shen G 
Published: January 2005

Structured AbstractAuthor – Shen GObjective – This review was compiled to explore the role of type X collagen in growth, development and remodeling of articular cartilage by elucidating the linkage between the synthesis of this protein and the phenotypic changes in chondrogenesis and the onset of endochondral ossification.Design – The current studies closely dedicated to elucidating the role of type X collagen incorporating into chondrogenesis and endochondral ossification of articular cartilage were assessed and analyzed to allow for obtaining the mainstream consensus on the bio‐molecular mechanism with which type X collagen functions in articular cartilage.Results – There are spatial and temporal correlations between synthesis of type X collagen and occurrence of endochondral ossification. The expression of type X collagen is confined within hypertrophic condrocytes and precedes the embark of endochondral bone formation. Type X collagen facilitates endochondral ossification by regulating matrix mineralization and compartmentalizing matrix components.Conclusion – Type X collagen is a reliable marker for new bone formation in articular cartilage. The future clinical application of this collagen in inducing or mediating endochondral ossification is perceived, e.g. the fracture healing of synovial joints and adaptive remodeling of madibular condyle.
Transverse maxillary deficiency in Class II and Class III malocclusions: a cephalometric and morphometric study on postero‐anterior films
Authors: Franchi L , Baccetti T 
Published: January 2005

Structured AbstractAuthors – Franchi L, Baccetti TObjectives – The aim of the present study is to evaluate the dentoskeletal features of subjects with either Class II or Class III malocclusions in the mixed dentition using both conventional cephalometric analysis and TPS morphometric analysis applied to posteroanterior (PA) cephalograms.Design – TPS analyses of PA cephalograms on 49 Cl‐II, and 20 Cl‐III subjects. Tracings were done by hand.Setting and Sample Population – The Department of Orthodontics, University of Florence.Outcome Measure – Size and shape differences between Cl‐II and Cl‐III malocclusions.Results – Maxillary width was smaller in both Cl‐II and Cl‐III subjects compared with normal as measured conventionally. The TPS analysis revealed transverse plane compression and extension in the vertical plane.Conclusion – In Cl‐II and Cl‐III subjects the maxillary width was smaller 2.5 and 4 mm, respectively. TPS analyses corroborate these findings.
Bilaterally impacted maxillary canines and multiple missing teeth: a challenging adult case
Authors: Mesotten K , Naert I , Van Steenberghe D , Willems G 
Published: January 2005

Structured AbstractAuthors – Mesotten K, Naert I, van Steenberghe D, Willems GObjectives – Orthodontic correction of bilateral maxillary canine impaction with agenesis of the lower second premolars and extraction of the lower first molars in an adult patient.Methods – After surgical exposure, the canines were relocated in the arch by means of immediate orthodontic traction. Endosseous Brånemark system® implants were inserted in the lower jaw with a double purpose: stabilization of orthodontic anchorage and prosthetic tooth replacement.Results – Closure of the edentulous space in the lower arch was accomplished by a multidisciplinary approach while orthodontic correction of the initial malocclusion was achieved.Conclusion – Implants provided anchorage control for tooth movement and created the possibility of prosthetic rehabilitation through a multidisciplinary treatment approach.
Nutrition of ostrich (Struthio camelus var. domesticus) breeder birds
Authors: COOPER Ross G. , ERLWANGER Kennedy , MAHROZE Khalid M. 
Published: January 2005

ABSTRACTThis review discusses current data on nutrition in ostrich breeding birds. Nutritional demands increase during breeding particularly the calcium and phosphorus requirements for egg production. The correct balance of amino acids, vitamins and carbohydrates is important for the maintenance of high fertility after the attainment of sexual maturity at 24 months of age for female birds and 36 months of age for male birds. Most problems relating to health and performance, including fertility, hatching, chick survival, growth rates and deformities in the early weeks, are usually traced to inadequate breeder rations.
Effects of supplement feeding order on lactation, diurnal variation of ruminal ammonia and urea in the blood and milk of dairy cows
Authors: IKUTA Kentarou , SASAKURA Kazumi , NISHIMORI Kazuhiro , HANKANGA Careen , OKADA Keiji , YASUDA Jun 
Published: January 2005

ABSTRACTThe present study examined the effects of feeding order of grain and protein supplements on ruminal nitrogen (N) loss through the diurnal variation of ruminal ammonia N and urea N in the blood and milk of dairy cows. Three ruminally fistulated cows were used in a 3 × 3 Latin square arrangement of treatments; that is, grain supplement fed at the first feed and then the protein supplement at the second (GS‐1st), protein supplement fed first and then the grain supplement (PS‐1st), and the grain and protein supplements mixed and divided into equal portions fed at each supplement feeding time (GP‐mix). No differences in the lactation parameters were observed among the treatments. In GS‐1st treatment, the increase in the concentration of ruminal ammonia N was inhibited after feeding, and the concentration was lower (P < 0.05) than with the other treatments 1–2 h after basal feeding. The concentrations of urea N in the blood and milk with the GS‐1st treatment were the lowest of all treatments throughout the sampling times, and were lower (P < 0.05) than with the GP‐mix treatment except for blood levels 1 h after basal feeding. The results suggest that grain feeding before protein feeding can reduce ruminal N loss.
Effects of feeding different levels of concentrate on growth and carcass characteristics in younger Japanese Black cattle
Authors: NADE Toshihiro , OKUMURA Toshiaki , MISUMI Satsuki , FUJITA Kazuhisa 
Published: January 2005

ABSTRACTThe effects of a higher concentrate feed during the raising period on the growth and carcass of Japanese Black cattle being fattened at a younger age were investigated using three pairs of artificially bred identical twins and three pairs of full‐sibs. The animals were fed the concentrate at 2.4%/day (2.4% group) and 1.2%/day (1.2% group) comparative bodyweight (BW) during the raising period. The BW and subcutaneous fat thickness were measured every month using ultrasonic equipment. The animals were slaughtered at the age of 24 months. The BW of the 2.4% group from the age of 6–10 months appeared to be higher than that of the 1.2% group (P < 0.1). The subcutaneous fat of the 2.4% group from the age of 7–11 months was thicker than that of the 1.2% group (P < 0.1). After those ages, the BW and subcutaneous fat of the two groups did not differ and there was no difference in the carcass characteristics between the two groups. Using a higher concentrate feed during the raising period for younger fattening of Japanese Black cattle influenced growth from the late half of the raising period to the early part of the fattening period.
Differential PsaA-, PspA-, PspC-, and PdB-Specific Immune Responses in a Mouse Model of Pneumococcal Carriage
Authors: Palaniappan Ravichandran , Singh Shailesh , Singh Udai P. , Sakthivel Senthil Kumar K. , Ades Edwin W. , Briles David E. , Hollingshead Susan K. , Paton James C. , Sampson Jacquelyn S. , Lillard James W. 
Published: January 2005

ABSTRACTLarger numbers of pneumococci were detected in the nasal tract compared to the lung, cervical lymph nodes, and spleen 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, and 21 days after nasal challenge withStreptococcus pneumoniaestrain EF3030. In this mouse model of pneumococcal carriage, peripheralS. pneumoniaepneumococcal surface adhesin A (PsaA)-specific humoral responses (immunoglobulin G2a [IgG2a] ≫ IgG1 = IgG2b > IgG3) were significantly higher than pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA)-specific, genetic toxoid derivative of pneumolysin (PdB)-specific, or pneumococcal surface protein C (PspC)-specific serum antibody levels. However, PspA-specific mucosal IgA antibody levels were significantly higher than those against PsaA, PdB, and PspC. In general, both PsaA- and PspA-specific lung-, cervical lymph node-, nasal tract-, and spleen-derived CD4+T-cell cytokine (interleukin-4, interleukin-6, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, gamma interferon, and tumor necrosis factor alpha) and proliferative responses were higher than those for either PspC or PdB. Taken together, these findings suggest that PsaA- and PspA-specific mucosal responses as well as systemic humoral and T helper cell cytokine responses are predominantly yet differentially induced during pneumococcal carriage.
Effect of Capsulation of Opportunistic Pathogenic Bacteria on Binding of the Pattern Recognition Molecules Mannan-Binding Lectin, L-Ficolin, and H-Ficolin
Authors: Krarup Anders , Sørensen Uffe B. Skov , Matsushita Misao , Jensenius Jens C. , Thiel Steffen 
Published: January 2005

ABSTRACT

Mannan-binding lectin (MBL), L-ficolin, and H-ficolin are pattern recognition molecules of the innate immune system. We investigated their ability to bind to different serotypes and noncapsulated variants of two gram-positive bacterial species,
Streptococcus pneumoniae
and
Staphylococcus aureus
. MBL did not bind to capsulated
S. aureus
or capsulated
S. pneumoniae
but did bind to a noncapsulated
S. aureus
variant (Wood). L-ficolin bound to some capsulated
S. aureus
serotypes (serotypes 1, 8, 9, 11, and 12) and capsulated
S. pneumoniae
serotypes (11A, 11D, and 11F) but not to noncapsulated strains. H-ficolin did not bind to any of the
S. pneumoniae
and
S. aureus
serotypes included in this study but did bind to one strain of
Aerococcus viridans
. The concentrations of the three proteins in 97 plasma samples were estimated. The median concentrations were 0.8 μg per ml for MBL, 3.3 μg per ml for L-ficolin, and 18.4 μg per ml for H-ficolin.
A549 Lung Epithelial Cells Grown as Three-Dimensional Aggregates: Alternative Tissue Culture Model forPseudomonas aeruginosaPathogenesis
Authors: Carterson A. J. , Höner zu Bentrup K. , Ott C. M. , Clarke M. S. , Pierson D. L. , Vanderburg C. R. , Buchanan K. L. , Nickerson C. A. , Schurr M. J. 
Published: January 2005

ABSTRACTA three-dimensional (3-D) lung aggregate model was developed from A549 human lung epithelial cells by using a rotating-wall vessel bioreactor to study the interactions betweenPseudomonas aeruginosaand lung epithelial cells. The suitability of the 3-D aggregates as an infection model was examined by immunohistochemistry, adherence and invasion assays, scanning electron microscopy, and cytokine and mucoglycoprotein production. Immunohistochemical characterization of the 3-D A549 aggregates showed increased expression of epithelial cell-specific markers and decreased expression of cancer-specific markers compared to their monolayer counterparts. Immunohistochemistry of junctional markers on A549 3-D cells revealed that these cells formed tight junctions and polarity, in contrast to the cells grown as monolayers. Additionally, the 3-D aggregates stained positively for the production of mucoglycoprotein while the monolayers showed no indication of staining. Moreover, mucin-specific antibodies to MUC1 and MUC5A bound with greater affinity to 3-D aggregates than to the monolayers.P. aeruginosaattached to and penetrated A549 monolayers significantly more than the same cells grown as 3-D aggregates. Scanning electron microscopy of A549 cells grown as monolayers and 3-D aggregates infected withP. aeruginosashowed that monolayers detached from the surface of the culture plate postinfection, in contrast to the 3-D aggregates, which remained attached to the microcarrier beads. In response to infection, proinflammatory cytokine levels were elevated for the 3-D A549 aggregates compared to monolayer controls. These findings suggest that A549 lung cells grown as 3-D aggregates may represent a more physiologically relevant model to examine the interactions betweenP. aeruginosaand the lung epithelium during infection.
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Increases Collagenase 3 Production and Migration of Epithelial Cells
Authors: Uitto Veli-Jukka , Baillie Daniel , Wu Qiang , Gendron Renee , Grenier Daniel , Putnins Edward E. , Kanervo Arja , Firth James D. 
Published: January 2005

ABSTRACT

Fusobacterium nucleatum
is closely associated with human periodontal diseases and may also be a causative agent in other infections, such as pericarditis, septic arthritis, and abscesses of tonsils and liver. Initiation and outcome of infective diseases depend critically on the host cell signaling system altered by the microbe. Production of proteinases by infected cells is an important factor in pericellular tissue destruction and cell migration. We studied binding of
F. nucleatum
to human epithelial cells (HaCaT keratinocyte line) and subsequent cell signaling related to collagenase 3 expression, cell motility, and cell survival, using a scratch wound cell culture model.
F. nucleatum
increased levels of 12 protein kinases involved in cell migration, proliferation, and cell survival signaling, as assessed by the Kinetworks immunoblotting system. Epithelial cells of the artificial wound margins were clearly preferential targets of
F. nucleatum
. The bacterium colocalized with lysosomal structures and stimulated migration of these cells. Of the 13 anaerobic oral bacterial species,
F. nucleatum
and
Fusobacterium necrophorum
were among the best inducers of collagenase 3 mRNA levels, a powerful matrix metalloproteinase. Production of collagenase 3 was detected in fusobacterium-infected cells and cell culture medium by immunocytochemistry, immunoblotting, and zymography. The proteinase production involved activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in the infected cells. The study suggests that
F. nucleatum
may be involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases (and other infections) by activating multiple cell signaling systems that lead to stimulation of collagenase 3 expression and increased migration and survival of the infected epithelial cells.
DistinctLeishmania braziliensisIsolates Induce Different Paces of Chemokine Expression Patterns
Authors: Teixeira Maria Jania , Fernandes Juliana Dumet , Teixeira Clarissa Romero , Andrade Bruno Bezerril , Pompeu Margarida Lima , Santana da Silva João , Brodskyn Cláudia Ida , Barral-Netto Manoel , Barral Aldina 
Published: January 2005

ABSTRACTInflammatory events duringLeishmania braziliensisinfection in mice were investigated. Large lesions were directly correlated with the inflammatory reaction but not with parasite burden. DifferentL. braziliensisstrains induce different paces of chemokine expression patterns, leading to diverse cell recruitment and differential inflammatory responses.
Genetic Control of
Bordetella pertussis
Infection: Identification of Susceptibility Loci Using Recombinant Congenic Strains of Mice
Authors: Banus H. A. , van Kranen H. J. , Mooi F. R. , Hoebee B. , Nagelkerke N. J. , Demant P. , Kimman T. G. 
Published: January 2005

ABSTRACT

Susceptibility to and severity of
Bordetella pertussis
infection in infants and children vary widely. The spectrum of clinical symptoms ranges from subclinical infection to mild disease, severe whooping cough, and death. The aims of this study were to examine genetic susceptibilities of mice to
B. pertussis
and to identify genetic loci in the mouse genome that are involved in susceptibility to
B. pertussis
infection. For this purpose we screened two sets of recombinant congenic strains (RCS) of mice, HcB and CcS, for differences in the numbers of bacteria in the lung 7 days after inoculation. For both CcS and in HcB mice, a wide range in numbers of bacteria in the lung was found, suggesting that the course of infection is under multigenic control. From both RCS sets of mice, we selected one strain to identify possible susceptibility loci in F
2
hybrid mice. The degree of lung colonization 7 days postinoculation in these F
2
mice was evaluated in relation to genetic markers by linkage analysis. We found three novel loci that are involved in the control of
B. pertussis
infection. One locus, designated
B. pertussis susceptibility locus 1
(
Bps-1
), was identified on chromosome 12. The presence of the C57BL/10 genome on this locus instead of the C3H genome significantly decreased the number of
B. pertussis
bacteria in the lung.
Bps-1
has a dominant-positive effect on the clearance of
B. pertussis
from the lung. The function of most genes in this region is unknown. Two other loci,
Bps-2
and
Bps-3
, showed genetic interaction and are located on chromosomes 5 and 11. We aim to identify the gene(s) in these regions which modify susceptibility to
B. pertussis
.