bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
YouTube Hindi Videos Proved to be a Valid and Reliable Source of Health Information: A Case Study of COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: Sinha Nibha , Patle Sonali 
Published: January 2025

Background:
When the coronavirus vaccine was launched, many Hindi language videos on YouTube were uploaded and audiences were accessing these videos in good numbers. However, the scientific evaluation of these videos was never done. There is a need to understand the accuracy, validity, and quality of these videos so that they can further be utilized for other health awareness purposes. The study objective was to evaluate the validity, quality, and accuracy of the Hindi videos that were viewed the most on YouTube.

Material and Methods:
Two search terms, “COVID-19 Vaccine–Hindi” and “Corona vaccine Hindi,” were used, and the most viewed 50 videos were selected. All the videos were manually coded and statistically evaluated. Two public health researchers evaluated all the videos blinded to each other using the DISCERN, GQS, and JAMA scales. The correlation score was calculated to know the agreement between them. Scores of professionals and news-based organizations were also compared.

Results:
Out of all 50 videos, professionals uploaded 48% of videos, and news-based organizations uploaded 46% of videos. The DISCERN median was found to be 9.00 (5–10), the JAMA median score was 6.00 (3–8), and the DISCERN score was 40.50 (16–49). DISCERN, JAMA, and GQS scores were also calculated separately for both observers, and no statistically significant difference was found. Between both the observer’s agreement was found with statistical significance.

Conclusion:
YouTube was found to be an excellent source of information on the coronavirus vaccine in the Hindi language. Almost all 50 videos had wide viewership, so health professionals and news media organizations cannot ignore this popular platform to improve the health awareness of citizens in a developing country like India.
Prospective preschool teachers learning to use picturebooks for philosophical inquiries
Authors: Nikolidaki Sofia 
Published: January 2025

Prospective preschool teachers often incorporate picturebooks into their teaching practices in kindergartens as part of their training. However, they often rely heavily on asking children numerous questions while reading picturebooks, such as identifying the protagonists of the story, detailing the sequence of events, and exploring the who, what, when, where, and why. This approach may result in a superficial interrogation of the text, overlooking (i) the nuanced messages conveyed through illustrations or the synergy of text and imagery, and (ii) the potential opportunities that could arise if children were encouraged to pose their own inquiries through philosophical exploration, delving deeper into the themes presented in picturebooks. This research was conducted in 2023 with 36 prospective preschool teachers from the University of Crete, Greece. The research comprises two phases. In the initial phase, the student teachers established a philosophical community of inquiry and acquired several philosophical inquiry skills. Following each inquiry session, student teachers engaged in self-reflection and assessed their contributions, identifying aspects of their experience that are applicable to using picturebooks with kindergarten children. They then developed lesson plans centred around the philosophical exploration of these picturebooks. In the subsequent phase, student teachers received supervision as they implemented their lesson plans in a kindergarten and subsequently reflected on their teaching experiences. The findings illustrate both the advantages and challenges encountered by prospective preschool teachers when approaching literature from a philosophical perspective. Additionally, the student teachers reflected on the interconnectedness of literature and philosophy, as well as the potential benefits for both educators and children through this integrated approach.

A correction to this article was published on 22 January 2025.
To Establish the Influence of Teacher Professional Development on Academic Performance in Public Primary Schools in Nyaribari Masaba Constituency, Kisii County, Kenya
Authors: Nyang’ara Naftal Michira 
Published: January 2025

The three biggest challenges facing Kenya since independence are ignorance, illness, and poverty. The most crucial vehicle for eradicating ignorance is education. And for this to be realized teacher motivation is therefore a very important the key components that can be utilized to achieve educational goals in academic performance. Teachers' lack of motivation may be linked to students' subpar academic performance. The study's objective was to establish the influence of teacher professional development on academic performance in public primary schools in Nyaribari Masaba Constituency, kisii County, Kenya. In order to realize this objective the study utilized ex-post facto research design. The study was guided by the attribution theory and affective events theory theories. A sample of 245 participants was chosen through simple random sampling from a target population of 845. Prior to the study, a pilot study was conducted to test the questionnaire's validity and reliability and address any potential weaknesses and gaps. Data was collected by use of quantitative methods, Teachers Testing Questionnaire Instrument (TTQI) was therefore utilized to collect data. Primary data was collected through instruments which were self-administered. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS v 24.0) software was utilized in the study to analyze the data collected. The results of the study were displayed in table format as percentages and frequencies. The findings of the study revealed that; teacher professional development had a positive impact on academic performance in public primary schools in Nyaribari Masaba Constituency, Kisii County, Kenya. In order to improve the academic performance of students in public primary schools in Kisii County. The study therefore recommends on the escalation of teacher motivation. In order to improve the academic performance of primary school students, it is hoped that schools will use the study's findings to establish a supportive environment for teachers to develop better habits among learners and teachers. The findings of this study may be of help to the ministry of Education and other stakeholder’s specific educational interventions.
Study on the Separation Process of Non-Metallic Inclusions at the Steel-Slag Interface Using Water Modeling Under Static and Dynamic Conditions
Authors: Muhammad Sajjad , Tao Xin , Ren Dekang , Zhang Hongyu , Liu Tao , Chen Chao 
Published: January 2025

Effective inclusion removal is essential for making high-quality steel. The inclusion separation into the slag involved a step of flow across the slag-steel interface in the steelmaking process. This research study examines how polypropylene (PP) and hollow Al2O3 particles float in water and oil interface to simulate the inclusion floating process. Both static and dynamic (with water flow) conditions are studied. The movement of particles of various sizes and densities in a rectangular acrylic container are recorded by a high-speed camera setup. The experiment utilized water, silicone oil, and particles of varying sizes and densities to investigate the impact of physical properties on floating dynamics. Results demonstrated that under high viscosity conditions, particles were unable to cross the water-oil interface, despite having reduced densities. However, due to their lower viscosity, PP particles were able to float on top of the silicone oil. Using silicone oil with a viscosity of 0.0288 Pa·s, 3.96 mm PP particles displaced 70% of dimensionless displacement, whereas 3.93 mm hollow Al2O3 particles displaced 100% of dimensionless displacement. Dynamic measurements revealed that larger 3.9 mm Al2O3 particles moved 75% of dimensionless displacement in 0.2 s, compared to 65% of dimensionless displacement for smaller 3.1 mm Al2O3 particles. The terminal velocities of 3.93 mm Al2O3 particles were 0.143 m/s and 3.12 mm particles were 0.135 m/s. This study allows steelmakers to improve the process and assure better separation of inclusions, resulting in stronger, more reliable steel products.

Received: 8 August 2024 | Revised: 2 December 2024 | Accepted: 27 December 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Author Contribution Statement
Sajjad Muhammad: Investigation, Writing – original draft. Xin Tao: Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing. Dekang Ren: Data curation, Visualization. Hongyu Zhang: Software, Validation, Investigation. Tao Liu: Software, Investigation, Data curation. Chao Chen: Conceptualization, Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing, Supervision, Project administration.
Potensi Briket Sekam Padi Sebagai Adsorben Destilasi Air Laut Menjadi Air Bersih
Authors: Ummah Syarif Humayatul , Thamri Dahri Ahmad 
Published: January 2025

Manfaat beriket sekam padi sebagai adsorben pada proses destilasi dengan mendesain tiga jenis variasi ketebalan briket sekam padi yaitu 8 cm, 10 cm, dan 12 cm faktor yang mempengaruhi produktivitas alat, mengetahui kualitas air yang dihasilkan, serta besaran energi yang diserap oleh alat destilasi Merancang briket arang sekam padi, membuat alat destilasi air laut, dan pengujian briket struktur mikro menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) untuk engetahui pengaruh perubahan bentuk sebelum dan setelah digunakan sebagai adsorben. Selanjutnya pengujian Differential Thermal Analyzer (DTA) digunakan untuk melihat konduktivitas termal. Pengujian X-ray F dilakukan untuk melihat perubahan alam unsur-unsur berat dan luasnya briket. Uji kualitas air meliputi: warna, bau, rasa, pH dan kekeruhan dan nilai-nilai salinitas Hasil diperoleh pada alat destilasi air laut menjadi air bersih menggunakan energy matahari menggunakan adsorben dari briket arang sekam padi pada ketebalan 10 cm memiliki kuantitas air bersih yang lebih banyak ± 1.25 liter/hari. Hasil pengujian konduktivitas termal briket arang sekam padi diperoleh 0,42 W/m•K. Pengujian SEM menunjukkan bahwa komposisi kimia dan fisika dari briket arang sekam padi sebelum dan sesudah digunakan sebagai adsorben mengalami penurun pada unsur Si, C, Na, sedangkan unsur O, Fe, Al, N, Mg mengalami peningkatan, hal ini terjadi disebabkan proses evaporasi. Selanjutnya hasil pengujian DTA menghasilkan briket sekam padi dengan ketebalan 10 cm memperoleh Peak height dari -5,9453 mW menjadi -2,2381 mW. Nilai area dari -846,062 mJ menjadi -88,479 mJ dan Nilai Delta H dari -84,6062 J/g menjadi -8,8479 J/g, mempunyai kemampuan aktivitas interaksi energi di briket arang sekam padi. Nilai karbon yang terkandung dalam arang sekam padi 96,74% bermanfaat untuk menjernihkan dan menghilangkan bau, rasa asin pada air laut. Sedangkan hasil pengujian X-ray F menunjukkan nilai silika pada briket arang sekam padi diperoleh 84,73% sebelum dan setelah menjadi 36,41%, nilai silika menurun. Ini membuktikan bahwa unsur silika berperan penting dalam proses penyulingan air laut menjadi air bersih. Efisiensi aktual mencapai 13,49% dan efisiensi harian mencapai 46%.
Karakterisasi Sabun Transparan Antibakteri dari Ekstrak Daun Melinjo
Authors: Zhafirah Farhah , Agustine Dine , Nurlatifah Ismi 
Published: January 2025

Daun melinjo memiliki aktivitas antibakteri karena mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengembangan ekstrak daun melinjo dalam sediaan sabun transparan. Sabun digunakan sehari-hari sebagai pembersih bakteri dan kotoran. Sabun transparan memiliki tampilan yang lebih menarik dan memiliki harga jual yang lebih tinggi dibandungkan bentuk sabun lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi sabun antibakteri transparan dari ekstrak daun melinjo. Proses ekstrak daun melinjo dilakukan dengan metode maserasi selama 2 × 24 jam kemudian dilakukan pengujian fitokimia yang menghasilkan bahwa ekstrak daun melinjo positif mengandung senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, saponin dan steroid. Sabun diperoleh melalui reaksi saponifikasi dengan memvariasikan suhu yaitu 600C, 700C, dan 800C. Ekstrak yang ditambahkan dalam pembuatan sabun transparan divariasikan yaitu 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%. Kondisi optimum sabun transparan antibakteri yaitu pada penambahan ekstrak daun melinjo 75% suhu 800C. Pada kondisi tersebut menghasilkan diameter zona bening sebesar 28mm pada pengujian antibakteri. Sabun yang dihasilkan tidak memiliki efek iritasi di semua konsentrasi dan suhu. Berdasarkan pengujian di penambahan 75% ekstrak daun melinjo dan suhu 800C menghasilkan uji busa dengan tinggi busa 15mm dan pH sebesar 9.
G2C Communication Through Government Service Portals: An Assessment of Kenya’s e-Citizen and eFNS Portals
Authors: Robert Aswani Daniel , Ndanu Mutua Sylvia 
Published: January 2025

The automation of government services as exemplified through service portals has increased in a post-COVID-19 world that yearns for social and physical interaction. Although governments have benefitted from an arm’s length service delivery model, consumers of these services expect continuous communication from their governments. Government-to-consumer (G2C) communication is hinged on the fact that consumer (citizens and foreign nationals) engagement has a significant place in the provision of government services and government communication literature posits the place of strategic communication with consumers. While preliminary research suggests the popular usage of government service portals to enhance G2C communication, little is known about the effectiveness and interactivity of G2C communication between the government and consumers of government services. Questions thus abound on the kind of perceptions that consumers have regarding the comprehensiveness, effectiveness, and efficiency of G2C communication through government service portals. In Kenya, the automation of immigration services encapsulated in the e-citizen and e-foreign nationals service (eFNS) portals, offers prudential lessons to concretize and improve G2C communication in a post-pandemic world. This study focuses on communication through the portals between the government and citizens (applying for passports) and foreign nationals (applying for visas, permits, passes, and long-term residences). The study adopted secondary research analysis coupled with interviews carried out with 16 participants: 10 citizens and foreigners; and 6 Ministry of Interior officials. Thematic analysis revealed that automation orients government officials to a generic messaging model that bespeaks incommunicado and frustrates the attainment of effective G2C communication. Additionally, the study established that whereas government officials were endeared to generic communicative incentives of the portals, consumers craved more information and communication from the government through the portals. From the findings, it is indicative that there is an urgent need to re-engineer the portals and institute a communication avenue. There is a need for the avenue to be run by a competent team of communication practitioners that will engage consumers in two-way symmetrical communication if the government is to make use of service portals in an automated post-pandemic world.
Optimization of Growth Conditions for Production of Organophosphorous Phosphatase Enzymes in Three Bacteria Species Isolated from Dairy Farms in Kenya
Authors: Juma Tom Felix , Kamau Gicharu Gibson , Gona Makenzi Nzaro , Mwagandi Chimbevo Lenny , Mwamburi Mjomba Fredrick , Juma Amana Mzee , Atego Norbert Adum , Lydia Haro Anzazi 
Published: January 2025

Chlorfenvinphos is one of the organophosphates largely produced around the world to control mites and ticks in dairy farming. However, it is toxic and has serious effects on the nervous system and other organ systems. It has a long residual effect in the environment posing risks to both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, three species of bacteria isolated from chlorpyrifos contaminated dairy farms in Kenya were screened for their ability to produce chlorfenvinphos degrading organophosphorus phosphatase enzymes. The isolates, Advenella kashmirensis, Micrococcus luteus, and Lysinibacillus sphaericus grew at different rates when both temperature and pH were varied. The optimal growth temperature for the three isolates was 35°C while the optimal pH of M. luteus and L. sphaericus was 7 and 6 for A. kashmirensis. At these optimal conditions, A. kashmirensis had the highest growth (OD 0.175) followed by L. sphaericus (OD 0.132) while M. luteus had the lowest (OD 0.106). Crude protein concentration was highest for A. kashmirensis (465.4 ± 31.8 μg/mL) and was significantly different from the concentrations of the other isolates (p < 0.05). This suggests its suitability for applications requiring high concentrations of total proteins. On purification of crude protein using ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration, A. kashmirensis exhibited the highest enzyme activity (19.8 ± 0.8 µMol/Min and was significantly different from M. luteus (13.8 ± 0.98 µMol/Min and L. sphaericus (11.8 ± 0.2 µMol/Min. These results suggest A. kashmirensis is superior in bioremediating chlorfenvinphos polluted environments and can be used to clean up polluted dairy farms. However, more studies are required to explore how the isolates interact with each other in their natural environments with a view of coming up with more efficient degradation process to restore polluted dairy farms and reduce the risk of the acaricide entering aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems from where it can easily enter into food chains affecting a wide variety of organisms.
Unlock Your Resilience
Authors: Azri Stephanie 
Published: January 2025

Resilience has never been more important in helping us navigate the stresses and adversity of modern life. Resilience acts as a protective armour that helps us deal with the toughest challenges that life throws at us. The best thing about resilience? It is a skill that you can develop at any age.
This book lays out 12 key skills that give you everything you need to unlock and develop your resilience, from self-esteem and self-care to emotional regulation and stress management. Each chapter supports skill development and includes exercises, activities and discussion topics as well as case studies from people who have used the programme to improve their lives. Every key skill draws on various psychological techniques including CBT, positive psychology and solution-focused interventions.
The foundational skills this book teaches are ideal for anyone interested in improving their wellbeing, whether you are experiencing mental health issues or simply wish to increase your mental strength.
Free Yourself from Emetophobia
Authors: Keyes Alexandra , Veale David 
Published: January 2025

Emetophobia can have a huge impact on daily life, from avoiding certain foods and alcohol to worrying about travel, pregnancy, hygiene and caring for loved ones when they are ill. This self-help guide will help you to better understand emetophobia and give you the tools to overcome it.
Using proven cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) including exposure and response prevention (ERP) techniques, this book will support you to:
· Understand what emetophobia is and what keeps it going
· Identify your problems and goals
· Set out a step-by-step plan to challenge and defeat your emetophobia
· Overcome common challenges and setbacks.
The book also includes guidance on medical treatment and advice for friends, partners and family of adults and young people with emetophobia.
Things I Got Wrong So You Don’t have To
Authors: Knightsmith Pooky 
Published: January 2025

An internationally respected campaigner, Pooky Knightsmith has worked tirelessly to promote good child and adolescent mental health. Her knowledge, ideas and advice come not just from years of research and study, but from hard earned experience with PTSD, anorexia, self-harm and depression.
Part mental health guide, part memoir, this book contains 48 life lessons learned from everyday victories to life-changing events. Pooky shares tips on how to avoid burnout, how small acts of self-care can make a big difference, steps you can take to live with anxiety, and how to nurture key friendships and relationships, amongst many other things. Each lesson ends with space for the reader to reflect, and includes exercises to help take the first steps to incorporating these lessons into their own lives.
KETRAMPILAN KOMPUTER GRAFIS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KREATIVITAS WIRAUSAHA REMAJA DI MASJID DI KECAMATAN GAJAHMUNGKUR
Authors: Nur Hakim Fitro , Solechan Achmad , Kusumo Haryo , Fitrianto Yuli , Wijanarko Adiputro Toni 
Published: January 2025

Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mitra pengabdian remaja masjid antara lain: banyak remaja masjid tidak memahami perangkat lunak grafis atau prinsip desain grafis, dan desain acara masjid harus sesuai dengan nilai-nilai dan kebutuhan komunitas. Remaja masjid mungkin memerlukan waktu untuk memahami dan menerapkan elemen desain yang tepat, serta mengatur waktu mereka antara kegiatan masjid, sekolah, dan aktivitas lain. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan di masjid remaja di Kecamatan Gajah Mungkur, khususnya di masjid MTA Gajah Mungkur. Para remaja menerima pelatihan langsung dan mendapatkan pendampingan langsung secara bertahap. Dalam waktu satu hari, kegiatan ini diikuti oleh sepuluh remaja dari masjid MTA Gajahmungkur, dan dipandu oleh lima pemateri atau dosen dari Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer dan Stikes Telogorejo. Ada berbagai metode pembelajaran, seperti ceramah, praktik, dan tanya jawab, untuk melakukan kegiatan ini. Setelah kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat di MTA Kecamatan Gajahmungkur, yang terdiri dari ceramah dan pelatihan di bidang pelatihan bagi para peserta (remaja masjid), dapat disimpulkan bahwa para peserta mengikuti pelatihan keterampilan komputer grafis. Mereka memperhatikan materi pelatihan seperti desain grafis untuk pemberdayaan komunitas dan desain grafis untuk mendukung produktivitas.
Tecendo reflexões junto às crianças negras afetadas pelo racismo ambiental: um diálogo com as culturas infantis
Authors: Sacramento Cristina Carla , Nunes Adelina Malvina Barbosa , Miranda Áquila Bruno , Rabelo Fabíola de Lourdes Moreira , Santos Luís Filipe Pereira , Pereira Verônica Mendes 
Published: January 2025

Este artigo apresenta reflexões sobre as culturas infantis articuladas aos desastres socioambientais, no contexto brasileiro, visando contribuir para a condução de pesquisas junto à infância negra. Foi utilizada a metodologia de Pesquisa Intervenção, atrelada à Oficina de Dinâmica de Grupo. O público-alvo consistiu em 20 crianças, entre quatro e seis anos, majoritariamente negras, e que no ano de 2022 estavam matriculadas em uma escola atingida pelo desastre-crime do rompimento da barragem de Fundão, na cidade de Mariana, Minas Gerais. As discussões propostas neste estudo foram construídas em diálogo com a Sociologia da Infância, sobretudo, das culturas infantis, numa perspectiva interseccional, considerando os marcadores sociais de raça, classe, território, e a experiência de ser uma população atingida. Conclui-se que a construção de práticas antirracistas, junto às crianças, é fundamental para o enfrentamento do racismo ambiental, para o fortalecimento dos vínculos comunitários e para a criação de narrativas comprometidas com a ancestralidade afrodiaspórica.