bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships between Grain Yield, Flag Leaf Morphology, Carbon Isotope Discrimination and Ash Content in Irrigated Wheat
Authors: Monneveux P. , Reynolds M. P. , González‐Santoyo H. , Peña R. J. , Mayr L. , Zapata F. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine how differences in leaf angle, leaf rolling (LR) and glaucousness (GL) can modify yield components and leaf physiological traits in wheat. A set of 167 lines derived from a cross between two high‐yielding bread wheat cultivars differing for these traits was grown under flood irrigation and high evaporative demand in the north‐west of Mexico. Area, mass per unit area and chlorophyll content of the flag leaf were assessed. Carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) and ash content (ma) were also measured. A significant correlation was found between grain yield (GY) and both Δ and ma suggesting that, despite well‐watered conditions, leaf stomatal conductance was the main yield‐limiting factor. Leaf posture and LR did not significantly affect yield, Δ and ma. Higher grain weight was noted, however, in lines with droopy flag leaves. Erect leaves had higher mass per unit area. GL was associated with a significant increase in GY and grain weight. Glaucous lines also had higher Δ and ma, suggesting higher transpiration rate and lower transpiration efficiency. The study confirms that Δ and ma represent promising criteria for GY in wheat and provides evidence that GL can contribute to higher yield, even under irrigated conditions.
Geographical Imaginations and Spaces of Political Engagement: Examples from the Indian Alliance
Authors: McFarlane Colin 
Published: November 2004

This paper is concerned with the various ways in which geographical imaginations are inflected in politics. It draws on examples from a three‐way partnership of civil society organisations based in Mumbai, India. This movement seeks to reconfigure the governance of anti‐poverty strategies by placing “poor people” at the centre of its activities. The partnership, which refers to itself as the Alliance, is involved in the mobilisation and creation of a range of alternative geographical imaginations that are inflected in the production of new spaces of political engagement. By exploring two of the Alliance's strategies—enumerations and exhibitions—I will illustrate some of the ways in which these alternative geographical imaginations feature in the creation of spaces of political engagement. These strategies involve the practical demonstration of the capacities of the poor to donors and states, and reflect a particular conception of the poor and social change.The spaces of political engagement formed in part through the Alliance's work depend significantly on a commitment to non‐party alignment, an approach that has received criticism from NGOs and commentators involved with urban poverty. I will argue that the Alliance represents a broad development alternative—rather than a form of alternative development—which nonetheless is making substantial progress in the politics of citizenship in Mumbai.
Isolation and characterization of polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite loci in the Fire salamander Salamandra salamandra (Amphibia: Caudata)
Authors: STEINFARTZ SEBASTIAN , KÜSTERS DANIEL , TAUTZ DIETHARD 
Published: November 2004

AbstractTen tetranucleotide and one dinucleotide polymorphic microsatellite loci were cloned and characterized for the Fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra) from 34 populations in Germany. A high genetic diversity (5–22 alleles per locus) and heterozygosity (40.6–95.2%) were observed for these markers. Chord distances for population comparisons of the western evolutionary recolonization lineage in the area near Cologne ranged from 0.139 to 0.366, whereas population comparisons between the western and eastern lineage ranged from 0.541 to 0.670. When compared with classical isolation methods, a sufficient number of polymorphic microsatellites can be obtained for the Fire salamander only from specially enriched sublibraries.
Isolation and characterization of 11 polymorphic microsatellite loci in collared lizards (Crotaphytus collaris)
Authors: HUTCHISON DELBERT W. , STRASBURG JARED L. , BRISSON JENNIFER A. , CUMMINGS SHAWN 
Published: November 2004

AbstractWe identified 11 polymorphic microsatellite loci in collared lizards (Crotaphytus collaris). Polymorphism assessment in 512 individuals from 52 populations sampled across much of the species distribution revealed a fairly high degree of genetic diversity (six to 20 alleles per locus) and a wide range of average expected heterozygosity values (0.143–0.530). We found no evidence for linkage, very few deviations from HW expectation (two of 572 possible population/locus analyses) and thus no evidence for null alleles. There was a tendency for reduced polymorphism towards the northern periphery.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in Monolepta vincta Gerstaecker, 1871 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae)
Authors: PATT A. , MISOF B. , WAGNER Th. , NAUMANN C. M. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractNine polymorphic microsatellite markers of Monolepta vincta Gerstaecker, 1871 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) have been characterized. An analysis of 140 individuals demonstrated the high degree of polymorphism for these loci with a mean number of 10.6 alleles per locus. Primer sets were also tested in M. usambarica Weise, 1903, M. vilis Weise, 1924 and an as yet undescribed Monolepta sp. Some primer sets yielded amplification products in these closely related species with a detectable degree of polymorphism. The markers will be used for a population genetic study of M. vincta populations in the Kakamega Forest, Kenya.
Novel microsatellite markers for Bactris gasipaes (Palmae)
Authors: RODRIGUES D. P. , VINSON C. , CIAMPI A. Y. , FARIAS I. P. , LEMES M. R. , ASTOLFI‐FILHO S. , CLEMENT C. R. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractTen new polymorphic microsatellites were isolated and characterized in Bactris gasipaes using a microsatellite enrichment protocol and selective hybridization with oligonucleotide probes. The loci are highly polymorphic, with a mean of 14.6 alleles per locus and a mean expected heterozygosity of 0.83 among 62 individuals of the Pampa Hermosa landrace. These microsatellites will be useful for population genetic analysis and germplasm characterization for heart‐of‐palm breeding.
Development of Microsatellite Loci in Eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus)
Authors: KAUKINEN K. H. , SUPERNAULT K. J. , MILLER K. M. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractThe decline of eulachon spawning runs over the past decade has enhanced the need for management units that reflect the genetic structure of the species. We report the development of 14 novel, highly polymorphic di‐ and tetranucleotide loci for use in population studies. In a survey of over 200 individuals from two rivers from the Pacific NW, observed heterozygosities of the loci ranged from 0.54 to 0.95 and an average of 23 alleles per locus were resolved. All 14 microsatellite markers were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium.
Mitochondrial DNA structure and organization of the control region of South American camelids
Authors: MATÉ M. L. , DI ROCCO F. , ZAMBELLI A. , VIDAL‐RIOJA L. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractThis work presents the mitochondrial DNA molecular organization of the control region (CR) of South American camelids. Sequencing of five individuals each of guanaco, llama, alpaca and vicuna species showed that this region spans 1060 bp including three conserved sequence blocks (CSB I–III) adjacent to the tRNAPhe gene, a conserved central domain and one extended termination‐associated sequence in the 3′ domain of the CR close to the tRNAPro gene. A repeated array formed by three units of 26 bp was detected between CSB I and II. Alignment of the CR sequences from the four species shows a 337‐bp segment that includes most of the nucleotide variability with 10 polymorphic sites. We suggest the use of this segment as a molecular marker to infer data on camelid genetic relationships and population diversity studies.
Isolation and characterization of eight dinucleotide microsatellite loci from two closely related clupeid species (Alosa alosa and A. fallax)
Authors: FARIA R. , WALLNER B. , WEISS S. , ALEXANDRINO P. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractEight dinucleotide microsatellite loci were developed through an enrichment protocol for allis shad (Alosa alosa) and twaite shad (A. fallax). Cross‐species amplification was successful for all loci isolated. The number of alleles per locus ranged from three to nine for A. alosa and from two to seven for A. fallax, while the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.267 to 0.926 and from 0.240 to 0.727, respectively. These markers will constitute useful tools for studies of population structure and gene flow between two closely related hybridizing species.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in Senecio
Authors: LIU GUOQING , HEGARTY MATTHEW J. , EDWARDS KEITH J. , HISCOCK SIMON J. , ABBOTT RICHARD J. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractInterspecific hybridization has resulted in the recent origin of several hybrid Senecio taxa at diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid levels. As part of research aimed at constructing and comparing genomic maps of each of these taxa and their parents, we have isolated microsatellite loci from genomic DNA libraries of S. vulgaris and S. squalidus. Primers of 35 loci amplified microsatellites resolved in agarose gels from one or more of S. vulgaris, S. squalidus, S. aethnensis and S. chrysanthemifolius. Approximately 71% of primers amplified a product in all four species. A survey of microsatellite variation in S. chrysanthemifolius over a subset of 14 loci resolved 2–11 alleles per locus in polyacrylamide gels with expected heterozygosity (HE) ranging from 0.26 to 0.87.
A multiplex panel of dinucleotide microsatellite markers for the water vole, Arvicola terrestris
Authors: BERTHIER K. , GALAN M. , WEBER A. , LOISEAU A. , COSSON J. F. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractWe isolated and characterized nine polymorphic dinucleotide microsatellite loci in the fossorial vole Arvicola terrestris Scherman (Shaw). A multiplex panel comprising all nine loci was developed and its application to a set of 31 individuals allowed clear and easy characterization of allele sizes. The number of alleles range from three to 14 per locus with the observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.42 to 0.90. These markers will be useful for analysis of questions concerning population genetic structure and reproductive behaviour.
A simple and inexpensive method for producing fluorescently labelled size standard
Authors: SYMONDS V. VAUGHAN , LLOYD ALAN M. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractCurrent methods of automated genotyping offer many advantages over traditional gel‐based approaches, including reduced handling and processing times, and increased accuracy and consistency. Unfortunately, these advances have come at a substantial cost; at present, roughly one‐half of the cost of automated genotyping is due to fluorescently labelled internal size standard. Here we describe detailed methodologies for generating a highly consistent, fluorescently labelled, internal size standard using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The methods are simple and the required reagents are inexpensive, making the in‐house production of fluorescently labelled size standards a more widely accessible alternative to commercially available size standards.
Polymorphic microsatellite markers for the gliding marsupials Petaurus australis and Petaurus breviceps
Authors: BROWN M. , KENDAL T. A. , COOKSLEY H. , SAINT K. M. , TAYLOR A. C. , CARTHEW S. M. , COOPER S. J. B. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractHabitat destruction is causing population decline of many hollow dependent species such as gliding marsupials of the Family Petauridae. Three petaurid species are now listed in some Australian states as either threatened, rare or vulnerable, precipitating a need for information on their basic biology and population structure. We isolated and characterized three polymorphic microsatellite loci from the yellow‐bellied glider (Petaurus australis) and six polymorphic microsatellite loci from the sugar glider (P. breviceps). Per‐locus heterozygosities range from 42%–92%, and cross‐species amplification studies show that between five and seven loci are polymorphic in the two target species as well as a related species P. norfolcensis.
Development of simple sequence repeat markers for Botryosphaeria spp. with Fusicoccum anamorphs
Authors: SLIPPERS BERNARD , BURGESS TREENA , WINGFIELD BRENDA D. , CROUS PEDRO W. , COUTINHO TERESA A. , WINGFIELD MICHAEL J. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractWe report the development of eight sets of microsatellite markers for the ascomycete fungus and tree pathogen, Botryosphaeria parva. The primers were identified after cloning and sequencing of fragments amplified using simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers. Genome walking was used to determine unknown sequences on either side of new SSRs. The primers were tested and proved useful in nine other Botryosphaeria species that all have Fusicoccum anamorphs, similar to B. parva.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers in the liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica)
Authors: HURTREZ‐BOUSSÈS S. , DURAND P. , JABBOUR‐ZAHAB R. , GUÉGAN J.‐F. , MEUNIER C. , BARGUES M.‐D. , MAS‐COMA S. , RENAUD F. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractSix microsatellite markers were isolated from Fasciola hepatica, a re‐emerging parasite that causes important veterinary and public health problems. In a sample of 52 liver flukes from a region of hyperendemicity (Bolivian Altiplano), five microsatellite were polymorphic. Our results showed that liver flukes present important genetic variability, suggesting a preferential outcrossing reproduction mode for this hermaphroditic parasite.
Low genotyping error rates in wild ungulate faeces sampled in winter
Authors: MAUDET C. , LUIKART G. , DUBRAY D. , VON HARDENBERG A. , TABERLET P. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractWe show that Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) and Corsican mouflon (Ovis musimon) faeces yield useful DNA for microsatellite analysis, however, we detected higher genotyping error rates for spring faeces than for winter faeces. We quantified the genotyping error rate by repeatedly genotyping four microsatellites. Respectively, 99 and 95% of mouflon and ibex genotyping repetitions provided a correct genotype using winter samples, whereas spring samples provided only 52 and 59% correct genotypes. Thus, before starting a noninvasive study, we recommend that researchers conduct a pilot study to quantify genotyping error rates for each season, population and species to be studied.
Characterization of microsatellite markers in the threatened sand skink (Neoseps reynoldsi)
Authors: REID D. T. , ASHTON K. G. , ZAMUDIO K. R. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractWe characterized microsatellite loci for the sand skink (Neoseps reynoldsi) for future studies of genetic structure in this threatened taxon. We screened a partial genomic library enriched for microsatellites, designed primers for eight loci and assessed these markers for polymorphism across 11 populations in central Florida. Preliminary analyses indicate deviations from Hardy–Weinberg expectations for most loci, suggesting population genetic structure across the sampled populations; therefore, understanding genetic connectivity is critical for maintaining genetic variation in this species.
Microsatellite markers for two species of dampwood termites in the genus Zootermopsis (Isoptera: Termopsidae)
Authors: ALDRICH BENJAMIN T. , KAMBHAMPATI SRINIVAS 
Published: November 2004

AbstractDampwood termites in the genus Zootermopsis inhabit forested areas in western North America. To better understand the colony composition and breeding structure of Zootermopsis, we identified polymorphic microsatellite loci to use in population analysis. Microsatellite loci were isolated from Zootermopsis nevadensis nevadensis (Hagen); however, all primers amplified homologous loci in Zootermopsis angusticollis (Hagen) and Zootermopsis nevadensis nuttingi (Hagen). Twelve loci were polymorphic in one or more of the above subspecies and species. The number of alleles per locus ranged from one to six, with some allelic differences among subspecies and species. We are currently utilizing the microsatellite markers to investigate the population genetics of Zootermopsis.
Characterization of microsatellite loci in the house fly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae)
Authors: CHAKRABARTI SEEMANTI , KAMBHAMPATI SRINIVAS , GRACE TONY , ZUREK LUDEK 
Published: November 2004

AbstractThe house fly, Musca domestica L., is a cosmopolitan species with a capacity to transmit human pathogens. Here, we report on the development of polymorphic microsatellite loci for house flies and present preliminary results from four house fly subpopulations from Manhattan, Kansas. Twenty‐four microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized using DNA enriched for repeat sequences. Forty individuals from four locations in Kansas were assayed to identify for polymorphic loci. Eight loci were polymorphic with the number of alleles ranging from three to six.
Characterization of polymorphic microsatellites in the Pacific sardine Sardinops sagax sagax (Clupeidae)
Authors: PEREYRA R. T. , SAILLANT E. , PRUETT C. L. , C. E. REXROAD III  , ROCHA‐OLIVARES A. , GOLD J. R. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractWe isolated 11 microsatellites from the Pacific sardine Sardinops sagax sagax. The number of alleles and HE among 30 individuals from a single population ranged from four to 24 and from 0.606 to 0.959, respectively. Pacific sardines are a vital economic resource in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, but insufficiently polymorphic loci have limited inferences about its stock structure and genetic variation. The level of variability of these new markers will prove useful in testing hypotheses on the stock‐structure and long‐term genetic integrity of the species.
Genomic and cDNA microsatellites from apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.)
Authors: HAGEN L. S. , CHAIB J. , FADY B. , DECROOCQ V. , BOUCHET J. P. , LAMBERT P. , AUDERGON J. M. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractWe developed primers for the amplification of 24 polymorphic nuclear microsatellites in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.). Thirteen loci originated from three genomic libraries enriched for TC, TG and AAG motifs. Eight loci were developed from three fruit EST (Expressed‐Sequence‐Tag) libraries and three from a leaf cDNA microsatellite‐enriched library. There were up to nine alleles per polymorphic locus in 12 different cultivars. No difference in allele numbers were shown between cDNA and genomic‐source loci. Mean expected heterozygosity was 0.65 (range: 0.15–0.87). Mendelian segregation was confirmed for all loci. These markers should be helpful for diversity studies, genome mapping and cultivar identification in apricot and related species.
Characterization and cross‐species amplification of microsatellite markers in cherimoya (Annona cherimola Mill., Annonaceae)
Authors: ESCRIBANO P. , VIRUEL M. A. , HORMAZA J. I. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFifteen polymorphic microsatellites were developed using a CT/AG‐enriched genomic library of cherimoya cv. Fino de Jete and screened on 23 genotypes from different geographical areas. This is the first set of microsatellites developed in Annonaceae. Fourteen of the microsatellites detected a single locus and only one detected two loci. The number of alleles in the single locus microsatellites ranged from two to six and the observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.17 to 0.61 and from 0.12 to 0.76, respectively. Most of the simple sequence repeats were transferable to other species in the family.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers in hoary marmots (Marmota caligata)
Authors: KYLE C. J. , KARELS T. J. , CLARK B. , STROBECK C. , HIK D. S. , DAVIS C. S. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractMicrosatellite loci were developed from hoary marmots (Marmota caligata) to aid in the investigation of the social structure and mating system of this species. Seven of the microsatellite loci developed were found to be moderately polymorphic with between two and seven alleles per locus. In addition to the microsatellites developed in hoary marmots we also tested markers developed for other scuirids, namely European alpine marmots (M. marmota), Columbian ground squirrels (Spermophilus columbianus) and European ground squirrels (S. citellus). Of these markers, 13 were polymorphic when amplified in hoary marmots with between two and nine alleles per locus.
Oestrogens and the skin
Authors: Brincat Mark P 
Published: November 2004

SummaryOestrogen loss at the menopause has a profound influence on skin. Oestrogen treatment in post‐menopausal women has repeatedly been shown to increase collagen content, dermal thickness and elasticity. Data on the effect of oestrogen on skin water content are also promising. Further, physiological studies on oestrogen and wound healing suggest that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may play a beneficial role in cutaneous injury repair. Results of the effect of HRT on other physiological characteristics of skin, such as elastin content, sebaceous secretions, wrinkling and blood flow, are discordant. Given the responsiveness of skin to oestrogen, the effects of HRT on ageing skin require further examination and careful molecular studies will probably clarify oestrogen's effects at the cellular level.
Complexity and interprofessional education
Authors: Cooper Helen , Braye Suzy , Geyer Robert 
Published: November 2004

AbstractCalls for greater collaboration between professionals in health and social care have led to pressures to move towards interprofessional education at both pre‐ and postregistration levels. Whilst this move has evolved out of ‘common sense’ demands, such a multiple systems approach to education does not fit easily into existing traditional disciplinary frameworks and there is, as yet, no proven theoretical framework to guide its development. What is more, it lacks a clear causality and predictability and therefore does not fit easily into traditional scientific frameworks with their focus on analysis, prediction and control. This article considers how complexity theory, with its focus on connectivity, diversity, self‐organization, and emergence, can provide interprofessional education with a coherent theoretical foundation, freeing it from the constraints of a traditional linear framework, enabling it to be better understood, questioned and challenged as a new paradigm of learning.