bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutation profile and programmed death ligand 1 status of patients with non‐small cell lung cancer diagnosed with “adenocarcinoma” and “non‐small cell carcinoma favor adenocarcinoma”
Authors: Shigeta Naoko , Yokose Tomoyuki , Murakami Shuji , Isaka Tetsuya , Shinada Kanako , Yoshioka Emi , Narita Atsuya , Katakura Kengo , Kondo Tetsuro , Kato Terufumi , Nagashima Takuya , Saito Haruhiro , Ito Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe terminology for lung cancer diagnosis in small biopsies was adopted in the 2015 World Health Organization classification. If non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has no clear adenocarcinoma (AD) or squamous cell carcinoma morphology, the tumor is further classified based on mucin or immunohistochemical staining as NSCLC favor AD (NFAD), NSCLC favor squamous cell carcinoma, or NSCLC not otherwise specified. Since this new term was defined, the difference between AD and NFAD has not yet been fully explored. This study aimed to examine the differences in clinical background, gene alteration frequency, and programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression.MethodsWe included patients diagnosed with AD or NFAD with small samples, and who underwent testing with the Oncomine Dx target test between August 2019 and April 2023 in Kanagawa Cancer Center.ResultsThis study comprised 268 patients. A total of 96 patients underwent surgery after AD or NFAD diagnosis. The clinical stage was more advanced and pathological N0 was lower in NFAD than in AD. The pathology of the surgical specimens revealed that solid predominant AD was significantly more common in NFAD than in AD (p < 0.001). In both AD and NFAD, EGFR mutation was the most frequent gene alteration, followed by KRAS mutation. The frequency of EGFR mutations was significantly higher in AD than in NFAD. PD‐L1 expression was significantly higher in NFAD than in AD (p < 0.001).ConclusionThis study shows a clear difference between AD and NFAD in terms of cancer progression, pathological features of the main tumor, genetic characteristics, and PD‐L1 expression.
Unravelling the role of mind–body therapies in paediatric palliative care: A narrative review
Authors: Giacomelli Luca , Papa Simonetta , Vecchi Lara , Mercante Anna , Benini Franca ,   the Master in PPC Group
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimGiven the multifaceted nature of paediatric palliative care (PPC), integrative medicine and mind–body therapies, in particular, are increasingly used in this setting. However, to our knowledge, their use in PPC has never been specifically reviewed. Therefore, this work aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the application and possible beneficial effects of mind–body therapies in the PPC setting.MethodsPapers about the use of meditation and mindfulness, biofeedback, hypnosis, yoga, tai chi and qi gong, imagery, creative outlets, and art therapy in PPC were identified by browsing PubMed and CINHAL.ResultsWe found that the harmless nature of mind–body therapies has been extensively described, and available studies consistently show some benefits on the anxiety, stress, and quality of life of parents/caregivers and healthcare providers. However, well‐grounded and robust evidence does not fully support the efficacy of mind–body therapies, especially in patients.ConclusionConsidering the peculiarity of the PPC setting, we suggest that mind–body therapies should be further considered and properly investigated through larger controlled studies and according to the different populations of PPC children, as well as for parents, caregivers, and healthcare professionals.
Editorial: How does the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma change over time in patients with a hepatitis C cure?
Authors: Innes Hamish 
Published: January 2024

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Vutien et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17802 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17841
Reflecting on the role of human‐felid conflict and local use in big cat trade
Authors: Arias Melissa , Coals Peter , Ardiantiono  , Elves‐Powell Joshua , Rizzolo Jessica Bell , Ghoddousi Arash , Boron Valeria , da Silva Mariana , Naude Vincent , Williams Vivienne , Poudel Shashank , Loveridge Andrew , Payán Esteban , Suryawanshi Kulbhushansingh , Dickman Amy 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIllegal trade in big cat (Panthera spp.) body parts is a prominent topic in scientific and public discourses concerning wildlife conservation. While illegal trade is generally acknowledged as a threat to big cat species, we suggest that two enabling factors have, to date, been under‐considered. To that end, we discuss the roles of human‐felid conflict, and “local” use in illegal trade in big cat body parts. Drawing examples from across species and regions, we look at generalities, contextual subtleties, ambiguities, and definitional complexities. We caution against underestimating the extent of “local” use of big cats and highlight the potential of conflict killings to supply body parts.
Transcription factor Tcf21 modulates urinary bladder size and differentiation
Authors: Mann Elizabeth A. , Mogle Melissa S. , Park Joo‐Seop , Reddy Pramod 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUrinary bladder organogenesis requires coordinated cell growth, specification, and patterning of both mesenchymal and epithelial compartments. Tcf21, a gene that encodes a helix–loop–helix transcription factor, is specifically expressed in the mesenchyme of the bladder during development. Here we show that Tcf21 is required for normal development of the bladder. We found that the bladders of mice lacking Tcf21 were notably hypoplastic and that the Tcf21 mutant mesenchyme showed increased apoptosis. There was also a marked delay in the formation of visceral smooth muscle, accompanied by a defect in myocardin (Myocd) expression. Interestingly, there was also a marked delay in the formation of the basal cell layer of the urothelium, distinguished by diminished expression of Krt5 and Krt14. Our findings suggest that Tcf21 regulates the survival and differentiation of mesenchyme cell‐autonomously and the maturation of the adjacent urothelium non‐cell‐autonomously during bladder development.
Lessons from the field. Toward evidence‐based parenting support to promote positive parenting in children's sport
Authors: Sanders Matthew R. , Dittman Cassandra K. , Mallett Clifford J. , Rynne Steven 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe development of a brief online program to improve prosocial parent behavior at children's sporting events is described. We provide an overview of the collaborative research and development process, the theoretical basis for program content, design features, and evaluation approach used to establish the feasibility of Play Well Triple P in Junior Rugby League.BackgroundParents influence children's experience of sports, impacting their enjoyment and participation, motivation to play, behavior, and performance during sporting events. Parental expectations and behaviors can place pressure on children, decreasing their enjoyment and contributing to their desistance from playing sport. As sport is important for maintaining children's social and psychological well‐being, research is needed to investigate strategies for supporting children to retain positive involvement in sports throughout childhood and adolescence.MethodCodesign principles were applied across four phases of program development—surveying parents of junior players (Phase 1), which informed the development of program content and design (Phase 2), refining the program based on feedback from parents and sports officials (Phase 3), and concluding with a feasibility evaluation of the final program (Phase 4).ResultsParents who participated in Play Well Triple P reported improvements in positive sport parenting behavior, decreases in negative sport parenting behavior, and a high level of satisfaction with the program.Conclusions and implicationsThe codesign framework for the development of a parent program for rugby league produced a promising and well‐accepted sports parenting program that warrants further trialing, and application to other junior sporting contexts.
Towards a welfare model of trade and multinational firms with oligopolistic competition
Authors: Wang Bingxue 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper constructs a general equilibrium model in a world with two‐symmetric countries. It explains welfare gains from international trade and horizontal Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the economy with firm heterogeneity and variable markups stemming from oligopolistic competition. My model shows that the pro‐competitive effects of trade and horizontal FDI happen because trade openness induces an increase in product market competition that reduces markups and toughens selection, increasing aggregate productivity. The most significant contribution of the paper is that multinational firms, via horizontal FDI, produce the most significant welfare gains through the toughest selection and lowest markups.
Is the Montreal cognitive assessment culturally valid in a diverse geriatric primary care setting? Lessons from the Bronx
Authors: Stimmel Marnina B. , Orkaby Ariela R. , Ayers Emmeline , Verghese Joe , Nsubayi Celeste K. , Weiss Erica F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundEfficacy and validity of the MoCA for cognitive screening in ethnoculturally and linguistically diverse settings is unclear. We sought to examine the utility and discriminative validity of the Spanish and English MoCA versions to identify cognitive impairment among diverse community‐dwelling older adults.MethodsParticipants aged ≥65 with cognitive concerns attending outpatient primary care in Bronx, NY, were recruited. MoCA and neuropsychological measures were administered in Spanish or English, and a neuropsychologist determined cognitive status (normal with subjective cognitive concerns [SCC], mild cognitive impairment [MCI], and dementia). One‐way ANOVA compared cognitive statuses. ROC analyses identified optimal MoCA cutpoints for discriminating possible cognitive impairment.ResultsThere were 231 participants, with mean age 73, 72% women, 43% Hispanic; 39% Black/African American; 113 (49%) completed testing in English and 118 (51%) in Spanish. Overall MoCA mean was 17.7 (SD = 4.3). Neuropsychological assessment identified 90 as cognitively normal/SCC, average MoCA 19.9 (SD = 4.1), 133 with MCI, average MoCA 16.6 (SD = 3.7), and 8 with dementia, average MoCA 10.6 (SD = 3.1). Mean English MoCA average was 18.6 (SD = 4.1) versus Spanish 16.7 (SD = 4.3). The published cutpoint ≤23 for MCI yielded a high false‐positive rate (79%). ROC analyses identified ≤18.5 as the score to identify MCI or dementia using the English MoCA (65% sensitivity; 77% specificity) and ≤16.5 for the Spanish MoCA (64% sensitivity;73% specificity) in this sample of older adults with cognitive concerns.ConclusionsCurrent MoCA cutpoints were inappropriately high in a culturally/linguistically diverse urban setting, leading to a high false‐positive rate. Lower Spanish and English MoCA cutpoints may improve diagnostic accuracy for identifying cognitive impairment in this group, highlighting the need for the creation and validation of accurate cognitive screeners for ethnoculturally and linguistically diverse older adults.
Effect of clodronate on gene expression in the peripheral blood of horses
Authors: Wilcox Callie V. , Knych Heather K. , Katzman Scott A. , Arthur Rick M. , Rodriguez Veronika , Finno Carrie J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThere are two FDA‐approved bisphosphonate products, clodronate (Osphos®) and tiludronate (Tildren®), for use in horses. It is hypothesized that bisphosphonates can produce analgesic effects and prevent proper healing of microcracks in bone. Therefore, bisphosphonate use is banned in racehorses. However, bisphosphonates have a short detection window in the blood before sequestration in the skeleton, making the reliability of current drug tests questionable. Seven exercising Thoroughbred horses were administered clodronate (1.8 mg/kg i.m.), and four were administered saline. RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected immediately before a single dose of clodronate or saline and then on Days 1, 6, 28, 56 and 182 post‐dose. mRNA was sequenced and analysed for differentially expressed transcripts. While no single transcripts were differentially expressed, pathway analysis revealed that p38 MAPK (p = .04) and Ras (p = .04) pathways were upregulated, and cadherin signalling (p = .02) was downregulated on Day 1. Previously investigated biomarkers, cathepsin K (CTSK) and type 5 acid phosphatase (ACP5), were analysed with RT‐qPCR in a targeted gene approach, with no significant difference observed. A significant effect of time on gene expression for ACP5 (p = .03) and CTSK (p < .0001) was observed. Thus, these genes warrant further investigation for detecting clodronate use over time.
On a Rayleigh Structure in Temperature Waves
Authors: Haidar Nassar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The hyperbolic temperature wave is investigated as a Rayleigh-like wave that contains mixed transverse and longitudinal components. This allows the absolute ratio of the longitudinal to transverse interfering components to vary in space & time, with increasing the frequency of this wave. Such a variation is demonstrated, for the first time, to exhibit an initial smooth build up with increasing the frequency, to be followed by an asymptotic temporally oscillatory decay towards zero. A main result of this work is that heat transport can be enhanced by vibration only at low frequencies.
Closed-Loop Reflex Responses of the Lateral Ankle Musculature From Various Thresholds During a Lateral Ankle Sprain Perturbation
Authors: Simpson Jeffrey D. , Cosio Lima Ludmila , Lee Youngil , Chander Harish , Knight Adam C. 
Published: January 2024

Context: Latency is a reliable temporal metric used to evaluate sensorimotor integration of the fibularis longus (FL) and fibularis brevis (FB) during lateral ankle sprain perturbations. Currently, no clinical recommendations exist to select appropriate thresholds to evaluate the closed-loop reflex response of the lateral ankle musculature. The purpose of this study was to assess threshold value on latency of the FL and FB during an unanticipated inversion perturbation that simulates the mechanism of a lateral ankle sprain. Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Twenty healthy adults with no history of lateral ankle sprain injury completed an unanticipated single-leg drop landing onto a 25° laterally inclined force platform from a height of 30 cm. Surface electromyography recorded muscle activity data from the FL and FB during the inversion perturbation. Latency was identified at points where muscle activity exceeded 2, 5, and 10 SD above the average muscle activity 200 milliseconds prior to foot contact, and compared across threshold value using a 1-way analysis of variance (P < .05). Results: The 2 SD threshold was significantly shorter than both 5 SD and 10 SD thresholds for the FL (P < .01) and FB (P < .01). Likewise, the 5 SD threshold was significantly shorter than the 10 SD thresholds for FL (P = .004) and FB (P = .003). Conclusions: More sensitive thresholds results in a shorter closed-loop reflexive response compared to the more rigorous thresholds. We recommend that selection of the appropriate threshold to identify latency of the lateral ankle musculature should be based on the device used to simulate a lateral ankle sprain and the ankle inversion velocity produced during the ankle inversion perturbation.
Creation and evaluation of a self-directed, first-year intervention for pre-health undergraduates: setting students up for success
Authors: Currin Meghan , Hastie Eric 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

University-established modalities to help undergraduate students navigate the path to medical school are often implemented toward the end of college or following graduation. This imposes cost and time burdens that may be contribute to the high rate of premedical attrition, especially for students who are members of a marginalized community. In the fall 2022 semester, an asynchronous, self-directed pre-health module was offered to biology majors at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill enrolled in a required introductory biology research skills course. The objective of the five-lesson intervention was to enhance student understanding of the path to becoming a successful applicant early in their college career. The module aimed to increase the accessibility of pre-health advising and was designed to be easily shared and adapted across various learning management systems. A pre- and post-module survey was administered to assess changes in students’ perceived understanding of and confidence for success on the pre-health track following completion of the course.
One-Pot Synthesis of (E)-3-(N-Vinylpyrrol-2-yl)acrylic Acids
Authors: Shcherbakova V. S. , Martynovskaya S. V. , Gyrgenova E. A. , Ushakov I. A. , Ivanov A. V. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Hitherto unknown class of N-vinylpyrrolyl acrylic acids, multifaceted monomers and prospective building blocks for fine organic synthesis, has been prepared. The chemistry is based on the fundamental works of Academician B.A. Trofimov, which allowed synthesis of the inexhaustible family of N-vinylpyrroles.
High prevalence of retinopathy in young-onset type 2 diabetes and possible sex differences: insights from Norwegian general practice
Authors: Tibballs Katrina , Jenum Anne Karen , Kirkebøen Lars , Berg Tore Julsrud , Claudi Tor , Cooper John Graham , Nøkleby Kjersti , Sandberg Sverre , Straand Jørund , Buhl Esben Selmer 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionPeople with young-onset type 2 diabetes (YOD), defined as diabetes diagnosis before age 40, have a high lifetime risk of vascular complications. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of YOD among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Norwegian general practice and explore associations between age at diabetes diagnosis and retinopathy overall and in men and women.Research design and methodsWe collected cross-sectional data from general practice electronic medical records of 10 241 adults with T2D in 2014, and repeated measurements of hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) from 2012 to 2014. Using multivariate logistic regression, we assessed associations between YOD and later-onset T2D, sex and retinopathy.ResultsOf all individuals with T2D, 10% were diagnosed before 40 years of age in both sexes. Compared with later-onset T2D, HbA1cincreased faster in YOD, and at the time of diagnosis HbA1cwas higher in men, particularly in YOD. Retinopathy was found in 25% with YOD, twice as frequently as in later onset. After adjustments for confounders (age, country of origin, education, body mass index), OR of retinopathy was increased in both men with YOD (OR 2.6 (95% CI 2.0 to 3.5)) and women with YOD (OR 2.2 (1.5 to 3.0)). After further adjustments for potential mediators (diabetes duration and HbA1c), the higher OR persisted in men with YOD (OR 1.8 (1.3 to 2.4)) but was attenuated and no longer significant for women with YOD.ConclusionsRetinopathy prevalence was more than twice as high in YOD as in later-onset T2D. The increased likelihood of retinopathy in YOD was partly mediated by higher HbA1cand longer T2D duration, but after accounting for these factors it remained higher in men with YOD.
Health research mentorship in low-income and middle-income countries: a global qualitative evidence synthesis of data from a crowdsourcing open call and scoping review
Authors: Kpokiri Eneyi E , McDonald Kamryn , Abraha Yoseph Gebreyohannes , Osorio Lyda , Nath Tilak Chandra , Talavera-Urdanivia Victor A , Akinwale Olaoluwa Pheabian , Manabe Yukari Carol , Castelnuovo Barbara , Tang Weiming , Yilma Daniel , Mihut Michael , Ezechi Oliver , Iwelunmor Juliet , Kaba Mirgissa , Abdissa Alemseged , Tucker Joseph D 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionResearch mentorship is critical for advancing science, but there are few practical strategies for cultivating mentorship in health research resource-limited settings. WHO/TDR Global commissioned a group to develop a practical guide on research mentorship. This global qualitative evidence synthesis included data from a crowdsourcing open call and scoping review to identify and propose strategies to enhance research mentorship in low/middle-income country (LMIC) institutions.MethodsThe crowdsourcing open call used methods recommended by WHO/TDR and solicited descriptions of strategies to enhance research mentorship in LMICs. The scoping review used the Cochrane Handbook and predefined the approach in a protocol. We extracted studies focused on enhancing health research mentorship in LMICs. Textual data describing research mentorship strategies from the open call and studies from the scoping review were coded into themes. The quality of evidence supporting themes was assessed using the Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research approach.ResultsThe open call solicited 46 practical strategies and the scoping review identified 77 studies. We identified the following strategies to enhance research mentorship: recognising mentorship as an institutional responsibility that should be provided and expected from all team members (8 strategies, 15 studies; moderate confidence); leveraging existing research and training resources to enhance research mentorship (15 strategies, 49 studies; moderate confidence); digital tools to match mentors and mentees and sustain mentorship relations over time (14 strategies, 11 studies; low confidence); nurturing a culture of generosity so that people who receive mentorship then become mentors to others (7 strategies, 7 studies; low confidence); peer mentorship defined as informal and formal support from one researcher to another who is at a similar career stage (16 strategies, 12 studies; low confidence).InterpretationResearch mentorship is a collective institutional responsibility, and it can be strengthened in resource-limited institutions by leveraging already existing resources. The evidence from the crowdsourcing open call and scoping review informed a WHO/TDR practical guide. There is a need for more formal research mentorship programmes in LMIC institutions.