bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of emulsifier type and oil fraction on Salmonella Typhimurium growth and thermal inactivation in oil‐in‐water emulsion
Authors: Tsai Shawn , Tikekar Rohan V. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHigh water activity oil‐in‐water emulsions can promote survival and growth of Salmonella Typhimurium. Nevertheless, the precise effect of emulsifier type and oil content on bacterial growth and inactivation is not fully understood. Here, emulsions were prepared using different emulsifiers (Tween 20, Tween 80, and Triton X‐100) and different oil fractions (20%, 40%, and 60% (v/v)). TSB (control), emulsifier solutions, and emulsions were inoculated with S. Typhimurium. Bacterial growth rate was measured at 7, 22, and 37°C, whereas thermal inactivation was performed at 55°C. Growth and inactivation data was fitted into Logistic and Weibull models, respectively. At an incubation temperature of 37°C, the presence of high amount of oil (60%) in Tween 20 and Triton X stabilized emulsions extended the lag phase (5.83 ± 2.20 and 9.43 ± 1.07 h, respectively, compared to 2.28 ± 1.54 h for TSB, p < 0.05), whereas individual emulsifiers had no effect on growth behavior compared to TSB. This effect was also prevalent but attenuated at 22°C, whereas no growth was observed at 7°C. In thermal inactivation, we observed protective effect in Tween 80 and Triton X‐100 solutions, where time required for five‐log reduction was 1914.70 ± 706.35 min and 795.34 ± 420.09 min, respectively, compared to 203.89 ± 10.18 min for TSB (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the presence of high amount of oil did not offer protective effect during thermal inactivation. We hypothesize that oleic acid in Tween 80 and lower hydrophobicity value of Triton X‐100 help maintain membrane integrity and improve the resistance of bacteria to heat inactivation.
First record of Amphisbaena anomala (Squamata: Amphisbaenidae) in lowland Caatinga based on citizen science, with an updated distribution map
Authors: Oliveira Henrique J. , Oliveira Glênio A. V. , Costa Henrique C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAmphisbaena anomala is a species of worm lizard endemic to Brazil, with most known records in eastern Amazonia, but also occurring in northern Cerrado and at highland moist forest enclaves in Caatinga. Based on citizen science data, we report a new easternmost and southernmost locality for A. anomala, representing its first record in the lowlands of the Caatinga ecoregion. The new record, in Abaiara, Ceará, Brazil is 335 km southeast from the nearest previously documented occurrence of the species. We conducted a comprehensive literature review, updating the species known distribution map with three times more records than the last update, and describing the soil types and ecoregions where the species is typically found. The new record reinforces the crucial role of taxonomists in the identification of species in citizen science platforms, assisting in narrowing existing gaps in biogeographic knowledge. Furthermore, we draw attention to the lack of specimen collection in some environmental impact assessments, from which some photos on citizen science platforms come.
Calculation of cerebral hemispheres volume values (grey matter, white matter and lateral ventricle) of sheep and goat: A stereological study
Authors: Aydoğdu Sedat , Eken Emrullah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStereology is a discipline that allows us to obtain quantitative information about the geometric structure of three‐dimensional objects. In this study, the volume of grey matter (GM), white matter (WM), and lateral ventricle (LV) of the cerebral hemispheres (CH) in sheep and goats were calculated. For this purpose, six healthy male sheep and goat brains (1–2 years old) without any anomaly were used. Brains were fixed with 10% formaldehyde in the skull. The skull was opened using standard anatomical dissection methods, and the brains were carefully removed. Brain weight and volume were measured (using Archimedes' principle) after the meninges were removed. The cerebral hemispheres were separated from the other parts of the brain by a section made in front of the rostral colliculus. In the same way, the weight and volume of the cerebral hemispheres were measured. Afterward, the cerebral hemispheres were blocked with agar, and transversal cross sections (from rostral to caudal) with an average thickness of 3.42 mm were taken from the cerebral hemispheres. Grey matter was stained with Berlin blue macroscopic staining method. The stained cross sections were scanned at 600 dpi resolution, and a point counting grid was placed on the images with the ImageJ software. Cavalieri's principle calculated the surface area and volume measurements of the grey matter, white matter, and lateral ventricle. GM, WM, and LV volumes in sheep and goat cerebral hemispheres were calculated as 54.94, 21.48 and 3.06 mL in sheep, 57.46, 24.13 and 3.12 mL in goats, respectively. The percentages of these structures in the total hemisphere volume were 71.83%, 28.17% and 4.00% in sheep, 70.42%, 29.58% and 3.82% in goats, respectively. Asymmetry was not observed in cerebral hemispheres in both species. A difference was found in the WM, LV and LV: CH ratios in the right/left comparison of the goat (p < 0.05). In comparing sheep and goats, a significant difference was observed in WM right, WM left, WM total, CH left and CH total (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the cerebral hemispheres' grey matter and white matter ratio are frequently used to diagnose neurodegenerative diseases. In recent years, the increase in neurodegenerative disease models in farm animals has been enormous. It is thought that these values obtained from healthy animals in the current study will be important for such experimental studies in the future.
Asymmetric information and capital mobility in antebellum America
Authors: Vitaliano Donald F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe New York legislature granted charters to 28 new banks in 1829. Over $5 million in capital was subscribed by 1745 individuals or entities. The average distance between investor and bank is less than 40 miles, and the average number of investors is 75 per bank, with ownership and control closely aligned. A gravity model fixed effects regression is estimated. Insiders, such as public officials and bank officers account for over one quarter of the invested capital. After accounting for information asymmetry, a strong home bias exists which suggests a high degree of capital immobility. The failure of Northern capital to invest in Southern manufacturing is readily explained by the picture of a thin and localized market dominated by political elite and specialized traders.
Insight into inflammation involvement in varicocele: A narrative review
Authors: Minas Aram , de Oliveira Rodrigues Larissa , Camargo Mariana , Bertolla Ricardo Pimenta 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundVaricocele is one of the main causes of male infertility. Although the pathophysiology mechanism of varicocele is very well described and understood, there are some unanswered questions that remains unknown. Some studies have previously described the state of testicular inflammation and sperm in animal models, especially the mouse model, and the seminal plasma of men with varicocele, with or without changes in semen parameters.Methods of studyThis review intended to verify the role of inflammatory mechanism in varicocele, using clinical studies as well as animal model studies on the effect of inflammation caused by varicocele on the function of testicular somatic and germ cells.ResultsIn‐vivo studies confirmed whether anti‐inflammatory molecules could treat the semen of men with varicocele and rats with varicocele. The use of different anti‐inflammatory agents in mouse model studies provided a new perspective for future clinical studies to investigate the effect of concurrent treatment with surgery to improve surgical outcomes.ConclusionSimilar to animal model studies, previously conducted clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of anti‐inflammatory therapy in varicocele patients. However, clinical trials using anti‐inflammatory are needed to be conducted agents to evaluate different aspects of this therapeutical approach in varicocele patients.
Clinical impact of the TPSAB1 genotype in mast cell diseases: A REMA study in a cohort of 959 individuals
Authors: González‐de‐Olano David , Navarro‐Navarro Paula , Muñoz‐González Javier I. , Sánchez‐Muñoz Laura , Henriques Ana , de‐Andrés‐Martín Ana , Peralta‐Arjonilla Dolores , Mayado Andrea , Jara‐Acevedo María , García‐Montero Andrés C. , Orfao Alberto , Álvarez‐Twose Iván 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundA close association between hereditary alpha‐tryptasemia (HAT) and mast cell (MC) disorders has been previously reported. However, the relationship between HAT and the diagnostic subtypes and clinical features of MC disorders still remains to be established.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of HAT in healthy donors (HD) vs patients with different diagnostic subtypes of MC activation syndromes (MCAS) and mastocytosis, and its relationship with the clinical behavior of the disease.MethodsA total of 959 subjects were studied including 346 healthy donors (HD), 464 mastocytosis, and 149 non‐clonal MCAS patients. Molecular studies to assess the TPSAB1 genotype were performed, and data on serum baseline tryptase (sBT) and basal MC‐mediator release episodes and triggers of anaphylaxis were collected.ResultsHAT was detected in 15/346 (4%) HD versus 43/149 (29%) non‐clonal MCAS and 84/464 (18%) mastocytosis cases. Among mastocytosis, HAT was more frequently found in patients with MC‐restricted KITD816V (21% vs. 10% among multilineage KITD816V patients; p = .008). Overall, median sBT was higher in cases presenting with HAT (28.9 vs. 24.5 ng/mL; p = .008), while no significant differences in sBT were observed among HAT+ mastocytosis patients depending on the presence of 1 vs. ≥2 extra copies of the α‐tryptase gene (44.1 vs. 35.2 ng/mL, p > .05). In turn, anaphylaxis was more frequently observed in HAT+ versus HAT− mastocytosis patients (76% vs. 65%; p = .018), while HAT+ and HAT− patients who did not refer anaphylaxis as the presenting symptom (n = 308) showed a similar prevalence of subsequent anaphylaxis (35% vs. 36%, respectively).ConclusionThe frequency of HAT in MC disorders varies according to the diagnostic subtype of the disease. HAT does not imply a higher risk (and severity) of anaphylaxis in mastocytosis patients in whom anaphylaxis is not part of the presenting symptoms of the disease.
Tourism‐Led Rentier Capitalism: Extracting Rent and Value from Tourism Property Investment
Authors: Wijburg Gertjan , Aalbers Manuel B. , Conte Veronica , Stoffelen Arie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA highly heterogenous group of actors develops, owns, manages, and purchases tourism property around the globe. In this paper, we discuss the rise of “tourism‐led rentier capitalism”—which is a particular fraction of capital—and its variegated dimensions. Although tourism property investors do not operate as a monolithic bloc or a socio‐economic class, they share similar interests and collectively reshape tourism destinations by extracting tourism rent, a form of monopoly and differential rent, which can be derived from natural and public goods or sign values and imaginations of places that imbue meaning and value into locational attributes. As such, they contribute to unevenly developed and variegated geographies of property investment which are nonetheless driven by common, underlying mechanisms and spatial practices. The conversion of tourism destinations into financialised accumulation frontiers is one broader outcome of tourism‐led rentier capitalism. The extraction of tourism rent is another.
Sacral neuromodulation in endometriosis – A promising treatment option for chronic pelvic pain
Authors: Zegrea Adrian , Ojala Emilia , Suvitie Pia , Varpe Pirita , Huhtinen Heikki , Mäkelä‐Kaikkonen Johanna , Rautio Tero , Härkki Päivi , Salmenkylä Sinikka , Ukkonen Mika , Lavonius Maija , Pinta Tarja 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionChronic pelvic pain (CPP) affects over one fifth of women worldwide, and endometriosis is one of the most common causes. In the present study, we examined whether sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is effective in the treatment of refractory chronic pelvic pain in women with endometriosis.Material and methodsThis multicenter prospective pilot study was started in 2017 and includes patients with chronic pelvic pain with no other obvious pathology than endometriosis. Other treatment options have been tried or they are unsuitable. Patients underwent SNM implantation. The main outcome was postoperative pain reduction and secondary outcome was quality of life. The following questionnaires were used to assess the outcomes: Brief pain inventory (BPI), clinical global impression ‐ improvement (CGI‐I), 15D‐measure of health‐related quality of life, and Biberoglu and Behrman (B&B) score.ResultsA total of 35 patients underwent the SNM procedure and, at the time of analysis, 15 patients had returned one‐year questionnaires. The patients had a history of endometriosis for a median of 5.5 (interquartile range 2–9) years, with no correlation between the severity of symptoms and the duration of the disease (p = 0.158). A total of 31 patients (89%) were implanted with the internal pulse generator. There were statistically significant changes in BPI pain‐related items. Worst experienced daily pain decreased among those who returned 12‐month questionnaires from median 9 to 5 (p = 0.006), average daily pain from 6 to 3.5 (p = 0.004), and least daily pain from 3 to 1 (p = 0.004). Based on the CGI questionnaire (n = 14), at 12 months nine patients (60%) experienced great improvement in their symptoms, three patients (20%) much improvement and two patients (13%) minimal improvement. None of the patients experienced worsening of their symptoms. There was a statistically significant change in overall 15D score at 1 month (p < 0.001), 6 months (p = 0.001) and 12 months (p = 0.018), when the results were compared to baseline values. Median B&B score also improved significantly and decreased from a baseline value of 8 (4–12) to 4.5 (0–6), p = 0.002.ConclusionsBased on the preliminary findings of our study, SNM might be a promising treatment of CPP in endometriosis patients.
Cervical cancer in Region Skåne, Sweden 2017–2020 after the implementation of primary HPV screening: A quality assurance audit
Authors: Hellsten Caroline , Holmberg Anna , Astrom Jennica , Forslund Ola , Borgfeldt Christer 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionPrimary human papilloma virus (HPV) screening to detect cervical cancer and dysplastic lesions was implemented in Region Skåne 2017 for women aged 30–70. The aim of this study was to characterize the screening history of women diagnosed with cervical cancer to evaluate the performance of the screening program, as well as to assess the cancer treatments given and shortcomings in the follow‐up of women with cervical dysplasia.Material and methodsWe performed a quality assurance audit. The data was collected from the National Cervical Cancer Prevention Registry, Region Skåne Labmedicin database and the Melior Journal system in 2017–2020.ResultsWe identified 247 women diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer in Region Skåne in 2017–2020. Of these, 35 (14.2%) had a screening history over at least two screening rounds before diagnosis. There were 25 (10.1%) women diagnosed with cervical cancer in between screening intervals, i.e., interval cancer. The most common screening history in women with cervical cancer was irregular screening (143, 57.9%), followed by women being above screening age (44, 17.8%). HPV was detected in 96% of the cases, either in cervical cytology or in the tumor tissue. The screening program detected the disease in 96 (38.9%) of the patients, 149 (60.3%) were diagnosed through symptoms and two (0.80%) as a result of incidental findings.ConclusionsThe most powerful tool in the prevention of cervical cancer is screening program attendance. Prolongation with HPV screening among elderly women will also reduce the incidence of cervical cancer. Today, such cancers are usually discovered when symptoms appear.
Using pulsatility responses to breath‐hold maneuvers to predict readmission rates in continuous‐flow left ventricular assist device patients
Authors: Krishnaswamy Rohan Joshua , Robson Desiree , Gunawan Aaron , Ramanayake Anju , Barua Sumita , Jain Pankaj , Adji Audrey , Macdonald Peter Simon , Hayward Christopher Simon , Muthiah Kavitha 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundDynamic respiratory maneuvers induce heterogenous changes to flow‐pulsatility in continuous‐flow left ventricular assist device patients. We evaluated the association of these pulsatility responses with patient hemodynamics and outcomes.MethodsResponses obtained from HVAD (Medtronic) outpatients during successive weekly clinics were categorized into three ordinal groups according to the percentage reduction in flow‐waveform pulsatility (peak‐trough flow) upon inspiratory‐breath‐hold, (%∆P): (1) minimal change (%∆P ≤ 50), (2) reduced pulsatility (%∆P > 50 but <100), (3) flatline (%∆P = 100). Same‐day echocardiography and right‐heart‐catheterization were performed. Readmissions were compared between patients with ≥1 flatline response (F‐group) and those without (NF‐group).ResultsOverall, 712 responses were obtained from 55 patients (82% male, age 56.4 ± 11.5). When compared to minimal change, reduced pulsatility and flatline responses were associated with lower central venous pressure (14.2 vs. 11.4 vs. 9.0 mm Hg, p = 0.08) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (19.8 vs. 14.3 vs. 13.0 mm Hg, p = 0.03), lower rates of ≥moderate mitral regurgitation (48% vs. 13% vs. 10%, p = 0.01), lower rates of ≥moderate right ventricular impairment (62% vs. 25% vs. 27%, p = 0.03), and increased rates of aortic valve opening (32% vs. 50% vs. 75%, p = 0.03). The F‐group (n = 28) experienced numerically lower all‐cause readmissions (1.51 vs. 2.79 events‐per‐patient‐year [EPPY], hazard‐ratio [HR] = 0.67, p = 0.12), reduced heart failure readmissions (0.07 vs. 0.57 EPPY, HR = 0.15, p = 0.008), and superior readmission‐free survival (HR = 0.47, log‐rank p = 0.04). Syncopal readmissions occurred exclusively in the F‐group (0.20 vs. 0 EPPY, p = 0.01).ConclusionResponses to inspiratory‐breath‐hold predicted hemodynamics and readmission risk. The impact of inspiratory‐breath‐hold on pulsatility can non‐invasively guide hemodynamic management decisions, patient optimization, and readmission risk stratification.
Left ventricular assist device implantation and concomitant mitral valve surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Arjomandi Rad Arian , Fleet Ben , Zubarevich Alina , Nanchahal Sukanya , Naruka Vinci , Subbiah Ponniah Hariharan , Vardanyan Robert , Sardari Nia Peyman , Loubani Mahmoud , Moorjani Narain , Schmack Bastian , Punjabi Prakash P. , Schmitto Jan , Ruhparwar Arjang , Weymann Alexander 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe management of concomitant valvular lesions in patients undergoing left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation remains a topic of debate. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the existing evidence on postoperative outcomes following LVAD implantation, with and without concomitant MV surgery.MethodsA systematic database search was conducted as per PRISMA guidelines, of original articles comparing LVAD alone to LVAD plus concomitant MV surgery up to February 2023. The primary outcomes assessed were overall mortality and early mortality, while secondary outcomes included stroke, need for right ventricular assist device (RVAD) implantation, postoperative mitral valve regurgitation, major bleeding, and renal dysfunction.ResultsThe meta‐analysis included 10 studies comprising 32 184 patients. It revealed that concomitant MV surgery during LVAD implantation did not significantly affect overall mortality (OR:0.83; 95% CI: 0.53 to 1.29; p = 0.40), early mortality (OR:1.17; 95% CI: 0.63 to 2.17; p = 0.63), stroke, need for RVAD implantation, postoperative mitral valve regurgitation, major bleeding, or renal dysfunction. These findings suggest that concomitant MV surgery appears not to confer additional benefits in terms of these clinical outcomes.ConclusionBased on the available evidence, concomitant MV surgery during LVAD implantation does not appear to have a significant impact on postoperative outcomes. However, decision‐making regarding MV surgery should be individualized, considering patient‐specific factors and characteristics. Further research with prospective studies focusing on specific patient populations and newer LVAD devices is warranted to provide more robust evidence and guide clinical practice in the management of valvular lesions in LVAD recipients.
Editorial: Continuous monitoring to improve outcome of treatment—the next step towards safe and effective faecal microbiota transplantation
Authors: Keller Josbert J. , Terveer Elisabeth M. 
Published: October 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Baunwall et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17642 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17721
Letter: Rethinking the lower incidence of HCC in HIV‐infected patients—A closer look at confounding factors. Authors' reply
Authors: Wong Grace Lai‐Hung , Hui Vicki Wing‐Ki , Hui Yee‐Tak , Lui Grace Chung‐Yan 
Published: October 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Lui et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17654 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17689
Editorial: Continuous monitoring to improve outcome of treatment—the next step towards safe and effective faecal microbiota transplantation. Authors' reply
Authors: Baunwall Simon Mark Dahl , Hansen Mette Mejlby , Andreasen Sara Ellegaard , Eriksen Marcel Kjærsgaard , Rågård Nina , Kelsen Jens , Grosen Anne Karmisholt , Mikkelsen Susan , Erikstrup Christian , Dahlerup Jens Frederik , Hvas Christian Lodberg 
Published: October 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Baunwall et al papers. To view these articles, visithttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17642andhttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17694