bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transthyretin amyloid deposition in ligamentum flavum (LF) is significantly correlated with LF and epidural fat hypertrophy in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: Maeda Kazuya , Sugimoto Kazuki , Tasaki Masayoshi , Taniwaki Takuya , Arima Takahiro , Shibata Yuto , Tateyama Makoto , Karasugi Tatsuki , Sueyoshi Takanao , Masuda Tetsuro , Uehara Yusuke , Tokunaga Takuya , Hisanaga Satoshi , Yugami Masaki , Yonemitsu Ryuji , Ideo Katsumasa , Matsushita Kozo , Fukuma Yuko , Uragami Masaru , Kawakami Junki , Yoshimura Naoto , Takata Kosei , Shimada Masaki , Tanimura Shuntaro , Matsunaga Hideto , Kai Yuki , Takata Shu , Kubo Ryuta , Tajiri Rui , Homma Fuka , Tian Xiao , Ueda Mitsuharu , Nakamura Takayuki , Miyamoto Takeshi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a degenerative disease characterized by intermittent claudication and numbness in the lower extremities. These symptoms are caused by the compression of nerve tissue in the lumbar spinal canal. Ligamentum flavum (LF) hypertrophy and spinal epidural lipomatosis in the spinal canal are known to contribute to stenosis of the spinal canal: however, detailed mechanisms underlying LSS are still not fully understood. Here, we show that surgically harvested LFs from LSS patients exhibited significantly increased thickness when transthyretin (TTR), the protein responsible for amyloidosis, was deposited in LFs, compared to those without TTR deposition. Multiple regression analysis, which considered age and BMI, revealed a significant association between LF hypertrophy and TTR deposition in LFs. Moreover, TTR deposition in LF was also significantly correlated with epidural fat (EF) thickness based on multiple regression analyses. Mesenchymal cell differentiation into adipocytes was significantly stimulated by TTR in vitro. These results suggest that TTR deposition in LFs is significantly associated with increased LF hypertrophy and EF thickness, and that TTR promotes adipogenesis of mesenchymal cells. Therapeutic agents to prevent TTR deposition in tissues are currently available or under development, and targeting TTR could be a potential therapeutic approach to inhibit LSS development and progression.
Sensitivity analysis of operation parameters of the salt cavern under long-term gas injection-production
Authors: Zhang Huabin , Wang Peng , Wanyan Qiqi , Li Kang , Gao Kai , Yue Xianru 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInjection-production operation parameters, the minimum injection gas pressure (IGP: operation pressure), IGP interval, minimum IGP residence time, and injection-production cycle of the underground salt rock gas storage under long-term operation, affect not only the capacity and working ability of a salt cavern but also be crucial to the safety and stability of the surrounding rock. A 3D geo-mechanical model of the salt cavern is established to study the stability of the storage in the operation period. The deformation, expansion safety factor, volume shrinkage, and plastic zone are comprehensively considered for predicting the feasibility and stability of the salt cavern. The stability of the surrounding rock of the cavern with different injection-production parameters and the impact of each parameter on the stability of the cavern during operating are systematically investigated. The results indicate that the displacement, the expansion coefficient of the surrounding rock, and the volume shrinkage rate of the salt cavern reduces significantly with the increment of IGP interval and minimum IGP, while they increases with raising the minimum IGP residence time and injection-production cycle. With the continuous operation of the cavity, the displacement and the volume shrinkage rate enhances significantly year by year with the augment of operation parameters, moreover, their value show a fluctuating upward trend with the alternation of the gas injection and the production. The volume of the plastic zone is enlarged with the increment of the IGP interval, minimum IGP, and injection-production cycle, while it reduces with the extension of the minimum IGP residence time. The variation becomes remarkably with the augment of parameters. The sensitivity coefficients of each injection-production operation parameter are ranked, from large to small, as follows: IGP interval, minimum IGP, minimum IGP residence time, injection-production cycle. The results can offer beneficial reference for effectively optimize the injection-production parameters, so as to provide technical guidance for ensuring the stability of the storage and meeting requirements for the storage capacity.
The effect of pre-endoscopy maltodextrin beverage on gastric residual volume and patient’s well-being: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Zulkifli Mohd Firdaus , Md Hashim Mohd Nizam , Zahari Zalina , Wong Michael Pak-Kai , Syed Abd Aziz Syed Hassan , Yahya Maya Mazuwin , Wan Zain Wan Zainira , Zakaria Andee Dzulkarnaen , Ramely Rosnelifaizur , Jien Yen Soh , Othman Muhammad Faeid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProlonged fasting prior to oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGDS) could be noxious to patients’ well-being. Strict fasting protocol has been used prior to OGDS with the concern of reduced visibility or suboptimal endoscopic assessment. Maltodextrin beverages were also commonly used as the pre-operative carbohydrate loading in enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol. Our study aimed to look for the effects of maltodextrin beverage 2 h before OGDS on gastric residual volume and patient’s well-being scores. This was a single-blinded, stratified randomised controlled trial, comparing control group (A, received 400 ml of plain water) and carbohydrate loading group (B, received 400 ml of Carborie). The primary objectives were to measure the gastric residual volume (GRV) and patient’s well-being scores using visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for hunger, thirst, anxiety, tiredness and general discomfort. Of 80 randomised patients, 78 completed the study (38 received plain water and 40 Carborie). The median (IQR) GRV was not significantly different between group A and B (5.0 ml (20) vs 4.0 ml (19), p = 0.777). Both groups showed significant reduction in VAS scores in all five parameters (p ≤ 0.001). There were no complications attributed to endoscopy in either group. Pre-endoscopy maltodextrin beverage is as safe as clear water with improved patient’s well-being in both groups.Clinical Trial Registration: NCT05106933.
Microstructure, hardness and wear behavior of ZrC particle reinforced AZ31 surface composites synthesized via friction stir processing
Authors: Kumar T. Satish , Thankachan Titus , Shalini S. , Čep Robert , Kalita Kanak 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDry sliding wear behaviour of friction stir processed (FSP) AZ31 and AZ31/ZrC particles (5, 10, and 15 vol%) reinforced surface composite was investigated at different sliding speeds and loads. The samples were tested using a pin-on-disc apparatus with EN31 steel as the counter body to determine the role of FSP and ZrC reinforcement on the microstructure, hardness, and wear behaviour of AZ31. Base metal AZ31 alloy exhibits a hardness of 60 HV, whereas the 15 vol% ZrC-reinforced composites had the highest hardness of 108 HV. It was also identified that 15 vol% ZrC-reinforced composites exhibited lowest wear rate and friction coefficient under all testing conditions. Abrasion, delamination, oxidation, material softening, and plastic deformation are the primary wear mechanisms viewed from the wear tracks of the samples. Higher volume fraction of ZrC particles exhibited better wear resistance at all speeds and loads than AZ31 alloy. A wear map has been generated for different material compositions and wear conditions to identify the main wear mechanisms easily.
Horizontal transmission maintains host specificity and codiversification of symbionts in a brood parasitic host
Authors: Pedroso Luiz Gustavo A. , Klimov Pavel B. , Mironov Sergey V. , OConnor Barry M. , Braig Henk R. , Pepato Almir R. , Johnson Kevin P. , He Qixin , Hernandes Fabio Akashi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn host-symbiont systems, interspecific transmissions create opportunities for host switches, potentially leading to cophylogenetic incongruence. In contrast, conspecific transmissions often result in high host specificity and congruent cophylogenies. In most bird-feather mite systems, conspecific transmission is considered dominant, while interspecific transmission is supposedly rare. However, while mites typically maintain high host specificity, incongruent cophylogenies are common. To explain this conundrum, we quantify the magnitude of conspecific vs. interspecific transmission in the brood parasitic shiny cowbird (Molothrus bonariensis). M. bonariensis lacks parental care, allowing the assessment of the role of horizontal transmission alone in maintaining host specificity. We found that despite frequent interspecific interactions via foster parental care, mite species dispersing via conspecific horizontal contacts are three times more likely to colonize M. bonariensis than mites transmitted vertically via foster parents. The results highlight the previously underappreciated rate of transmission via horizontal contacts in maintaining host specificity on a microevolutionary scale. On a macroevolutionary scale, however, host switches were estimated to have occurred as frequently as codivergences. This suggests that macroevolutionary patterns resulting from rare events cannot be easily generalized from short-term evolutionary trends.
Design and synthesis of chiral DOTA-based MRI contrast agents with remarkable relaxivities
Authors: Zhang Junhui , Dai Lixiong , He Li , Bhattarai Abhisek , Chan Chun-Ming , Tai William Chi-Shing , Vardhanabhuti Varut , Law Ga-Lai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDue to the adverse effects of de-metallation in past concerning FDA-approved gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs), researchers have been focusing on developing safer and more efficient alternatives that could avoid toxicity caused by free gadolinium ions. Herein, two chiral GBCAs, Gd-LS with sulfonate groups and Gd-T with hydroxyl groups, are reported as potential candidates for magnetic reasonance imaging (MRI). The r1 relaxivities of TSAP, SAP isomers of Gd-LS and SAP isomer of Gd-T at 1.4 T, 37 °C in water are 7.4 mM−1s−1, 14.5 mM−1s−1 and 5.2 mM−1s−1, respectively. Results show that the hydrophilic functional groups introduced to the chiral macrocyclic scaffold of Gd-T and Gd-LS both give constructive influences on the second-sphere relaxivity and enhance the overall r1 value. Both cases indicate that the design of GBCAs should also focus on the optimal window in Solomon-Bloembergen-Morgan (SBM) theory and the effects caused by the second-sphere and outer-sphere relaxivity.
Predictive analyses of regulatory sequences with EUGENe
Authors: Klie Adam , Laub David , Talwar James V. , Stites Hayden , Jores Tobias , Solvason Joe J. , Farley Emma K. , Carter Hannah 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDeep learning has become a popular tool to study cis-regulatory function. Yet efforts to design software for deep-learning analyses in regulatory genomics that are findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR) have fallen short of fully meeting these criteria. Here we present elucidating the utility of genomic elements with neural nets (EUGENe), a FAIR toolkit for the analysis of genomic sequences with deep learning. EUGENe consists of a set of modules and subpackages for executing the key functionality of a genomics deep learning workflow: (1) extracting, transforming and loading sequence data from many common file formats; (2) instantiating, initializing and training diverse model architectures; and (3) evaluating and interpreting model behavior. We designed EUGENe as a simple, flexible and extensible interface for streamlining and customizing end-to-end deep-learning sequence analyses, and illustrate these principles through application of the toolkit to three predictive modeling tasks. We hope that EUGENe represents a springboard towards a collaborative ecosystem for deep-learning applications in genomics research.
Reductive stereo- and regiocontrolled boryllithiation and borylsodiation of arylacetylenes using flow microreactors
Authors: Jiang Yiyuan , Kurogi Takashi , Yorimitsu Hideki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGiven their prevalence within valuable organic compounds, constructing multisubstituted alkenes while stereo- and regiochemically controlling the substituents on the alkene stands as a pivotal objective in organic synthesis. Now, the stereo- and regioselective syn-boryllithiation and syn-borylsodiation of arylacetylenes have been achieved by reductive borylmetallation using flow microreactors. This method involves the fast mixing of a solution of an alkyne and stoichiometric alkoxypinacolborane with an alkali metal arenide solution, which efficiently generates highly reactive β-borylalkenyllithium and β-borylalkenylsodium species by suppressing the undesired diboration that inevitably occurs in a batch reactor. Unlike conventional three-component borofunctionalization, the intermediates can be generated in the absence of electrophiles, which has enabled diverse electrophiles to participate in various syn-borofunctionalizations such as borylsilylation, borylhalogenation, borylcarbonylation, borylsulfenylation and borylarylation. Trapping with aldehydes and ketones provides a series of oxaboroles of biological interest. Furthermore, unsymmetric diarylacetylenes undergo highly regioselective borylmetallation, which is applicable to the stereo- and regiocontrolled syntheses of multisubstituted oxaboroles and differently tetrasubstituted alkenes.
The enhanced electrocatalytic performance of nanoscopic Cu6Pd12Fe12 heterometallic molecular box encaged cytochrome c
Authors: Nabi Shazia , Sofi Feroz Ahmad , Jan Qounsar , Bhat Aamir Y. , Ingole Pravin P. , Bayati Maryam , Bhat Mohsin Ahmad 
Published: November 2023

Privileged to be Encaged: Encaging Cytochrome c into nanoscopic Cu6Pd12Fe12 heterometallic molecular boxes significantly enhances its electrochemical stability and electrocatalytic performance toward nitrite ion sensing and Oxygen Reduction Reaction.
Clinical Considerations From Researcher-Created Morphological Awareness Assessments
Authors: Nelson-Strouts Kelley E. , Bridges Mindy S. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
Morphological awareness develops throughout formal schooling and is positively related to later reading abilities. However, there are limited standardized measures available for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to use when assessing morphological awareness in clinical practice. The purpose of this tutorial is to guide clinicians in choosing between researcher-created measures of morphological awareness to use with their school-aged students.

Method:
We first summarize previous morphological awareness assessment research and outline important clinical considerations when choosing a morphological awareness assessment for students in early elementary grades and beyond. Second, we highlight item characteristics regarding morpheme type, frequency, shift transparency, and imageability for students in early elementary versus later grades. Third, we discuss the type of tasks (i.e., production, decomposition, and judgment) and administration modes (i.e., oral or written and static or dynamic) available to clinicians assessing the morphological awareness skills of school-aged students. Throughout the tutorial, we reference a hypothetical case study to illustrate how SLPs might apply these suggestions and link morphological awareness assessment to treatment recommendations.

Conclusions:
This tutorial highlights the importance of including morphological awareness assessments in clinical practice to support oral and written language development. We provide practical guidelines to help SLPs evaluate and choose appropriate morphological awareness assessments for their school-aged students as part of their comprehensive language evaluations and to support intervention planning.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24545470
Culturally Diverse Parenting: Deconstructing Attachment Theory
Authors: Raina Shivani 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this article was to explore the general principles of attachment theory in the context of culturally diverse parenting practices, analyze its systemic impact on culturally diverse families, and describe its implications to the field of speech-language pathology.

Method:
Attachment theory emphasizes the general principles of proximity, safety, and secure base. These values are known to promote healthy parent–child relationships that influence long-term developmental outcomes. However, systems based on attachment theory, which are premised in Eurocentric parenting practices, may often misinterpret or overlook culturally diverse parenting styles. Such misunderstandings can have serious socio-legal implications on families from culturally diverse backgrounds and can lead to paradigmatic influences in clinical contexts relating to communication development.

Conclusions:
A cultural basis for attachment questions the fixed notions of attachment theory and emphasizes the need for alternative frameworks to understand parental sensitivity, secure base, and proximity. As attachment theory has influenced norms and expectations in parent–child communication development, speech-language pathologists (SLPs) will benefit from recognizing this bias and its influence on culturally and linguistically diverse families. Understanding socially diverse parenting styles can provide SLPs with meaningful information on the importance of cultural variability in parent–child attachment, so that clinical assessment and intervention practices incorporate culturally responsive parenting frameworks.
Simultaneous improvement of cogging torque and torque density in axial flux‐switching permanent magnet motor
Authors: Ebrahimi Hamid , Torkaman Hossein , Javadi Hamid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAxial Flux‐Switching Permanent Magnet motors are broadly used in various industrial applications due to their high torque density and low rotor inertia. However, one major drawback of these motors is their cogging torque, which results in torque ripple and vibration. Existing methods for reducing cogging torque have often led to a decrease in useful electromagnetic torque, thereby compromising motor efficiency. To address this issue, a novel hybrid structure for the simultaneous improvement of cogging torque and electromagnetic torque in Axial Flux‐Switching Permanent Magnet motors is presented. The proposed structure combines the optimal arc coefficient of the rotor pole technique with the notching rotor technique, resulting in a new motor configuration that exhibits both reduced cogging torque and increased torque density. Analytical equations for calculating cogging torque are derived, and 3D finite element analysis is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed structure design. Furthermore, the optimal values of the arc coefficient and forming angle of the rotor pole are determined using the Taguchi analysis. Comparing the results of the optimal motor structure with the previous design shows that the new structure can improve the cogging torque, average electromagnetic torque, torque ripple, torque density, and peak torque output of the motor, which confirms the effectiveness of the proposed structure.
Dual‐band pattern diversity liquid antenna with passive beam‐steering of the broadside modes
Authors: Gudivada Viswanadh Raviteja , Huang Yi , Wang Hanyang , Yang Yu Chan , Bennett Elliot L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA dual‐band liquid cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna with pattern diversity at two different frequency bands is proposed using the lower order and higher order modes of the HEM and TM modes namely HEM11δ, HEM12δ+1, HEM31δ+1, HEM13δ, TM01δ, and TM02δ. The proposed antenna is designed to cover the GPS L2 band and the lower Wi‐Fi band at 1.227 and 2.4 GHz frequencies, respectively. The HEM modes which constitute the primary radiating modes achieved around 20.84% and 19.35% impedance bandwidth at lower and higher bands, respectively. In the later stage, beam‐steering is performed, whereby the realised broadside HEM modes at both lower and higher bands were passively steered with simple physical re‐orientation of the antenna structure. For this, the liquid's natural fluidic property of adhering to gravity is taken as an advantage which makes the proposed antenna adaptively steer its radiation pattern always towards the sky, irrespective of the tilt angle of the antenna. This concept of passively steering two modes at two different frequency bands without the use of any mechanical, electrical, or other associated components is presented for the first time.
Leptohadronic multi-messenger modeling of 324 gamma-ray blazars
Authors: Rodrigues X. , Paliya V. S. , Garrappa S. , Omeliukh A. , Franckowiak A. , Winter W. 
Published: November 2023

Context.The origin of the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux observed by the IceCube experiment is still under debate. Multiple associations have been reported between high-energy neutrino events and individual bla/ars, such as the source TXS 0506+056, which are active galaxies with relativistic jets pointing toward Earth. From a theoretical perspective, the properties of these sources as neutrino emitters are not yet well understood.Aims.By systematically modeling the effect of cosmic-ray protons on the multiwavelength data from the largest sample of bright gamma-ray bla/ars to date, we expect to learn about the multi-messenger nature of the active galaxy population as a whole, as well as the relationship between neutrino production and the multiwavelength spectrum of these sources.Methods.We predict the emitted multiwavelength and neutrino spectrum using a self-consistent numerical radiation model applied individually to each source in the sample. We then study the properties of the full population and identify empirical relations. We focus on public multiwavelength data from the radio to the gamma-ray bands from a sample of 324 bla/ars detected by theFermiLarge Area Telescope (LAT), most of which are flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs). This amounts to 34% of all FSRQs in the latestFermicatalog.Results.We demonstrate that the optical and gigaelectronvolt gamma-ray broadband features are generally well described by electron emission, which helps for the location of the emission region relative to the central black hole to be constrained. For 33% of the bla/ars in our sample, a description of the observed X-ray spectrum benefits from an additional component from proton interactions, in agreement with recent studies of individual IceCube candidate bla/ars. We show that, on average, bla/ars that are brighter in gigaelectronvolt gamma rays have a higher neutrino production efficiency but a lower best-fit baryonic loading. The predicted neutrino luminosity shows a positive correlation both with the observed flux of gigaelectronvolt gamma rays and with the predicted flux of megaelectronvolt gamma rays. We also estimate the diffuse neutrino flux from gamma-ray bla/ars by extrapolating the result to theFermipopulation, and we show that it may be at the level of ~20% of the diffuse neutrino flux observed by IceCube, in agreement with current limits from stacking analyses. We discuss the implications of our results for future neutrino searches and suggest promising sources for potential detections.