bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of green tea polyphenols on inflammation and iron status
Authors: Jorgenson Mary Carolyn , Aguree Sixtus , Schalinske Kevin L. , Reddy Manju B. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Inflammation is an underlying problem for many disease states and has been implicated in iron deficiency (ID). This study aimed to determine whether iron status is improved by epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) through reducing inflammation. Thirty-two male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed an iron-deficient diet for 2 weeks and then randomly divided into four groups (n 8 each): positive controls, negative controls, lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0⋅5 mg/kg body weight), and LPS + EGCG (LPS plus 600 mg EGCG/kg diet) for 3 additional weeks. The study involved testing two control groups, both treated with saline. One group (positive control) was fed a regular diet containing standard iron, while the negative control was fed an iron-deficient diet. Additionally, two treatment groups were tested. The first group was given LPS, while the second group was administered LPS and fed an EGCG diet. Iron status, hepcidin, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured. There were no differences in treatment groups compared with control in CRP, hepcidin, and liver iron concentrations. Serum iron concentrations were significantly lower in the LPS (P = 0⋅02) and the LPS + EGCG (P = 0⋅01) than in the positive control group. Compared to the positive control group, spleen iron concentrations were significantly lower in the negative control (P < 0⋅001) but not with both LPS groups. SAA concentrations were significantly lower in the LPS + EGCG group compared to LPS alone group. EGCG reduced SAA concentrations but did not affect hepcidin or improve serum iron concentration or other iron markers.
Lyman-α at Cosmic Noon II: The relationship between kinematics and Lyman-α in z ∼ 2–3 Lyman break galaxies
Authors: Foran Garry , Cooke Jeff , Wisnioski Emily , Reddy Naveen , Steidel Charles 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We report for the first time a relationship between galaxy kinematics and net Lyman-

$\alpha$

equivalent width (net Ly

$\alpha$

EW) in star-forming galaxies during the epoch of peak cosmic star formation. Building on the previously reported broadband imaging segregation of Ly

$\alpha$

-emitting and Ly

$\alpha$

-absorbing Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) at

$z\sim2$

(Paper I in this series) and previously at

$z\sim3$

, we use the Ly

$\alpha$

spectral type classification method to study the relationship between net Ly

$\alpha$

EW and nebular emission-line kinematics in samples of

$z\sim2$

and

$z\sim3$

LBGs drawn from the literature for which matching rest-frame UV photometry, consistently measured net Ly

$\alpha$

EWs, and kinematic classifications from integral field unit spectroscopy are available. We show that

$z\sim2$

and

$z\sim3$

LBGs segregate in colour-magnitude space according to their kinematic properties and Lyman-

$\alpha$

spectral type and conclude that LBGs with Ly

$\alpha$

dominant in absorption (aLBGs) are almost exclusively rotation-dominated (presumably disc-like) systems, and LBGs with Ly

$\alpha$

dominant in emission (eLBGs) characteristically have dispersion-dominated kinematics. We quantify the relationship between the strength of rotational dynamic support (as measured using

${v}_{\mathrm{obs}}/2{\sigma }_{\mathrm{int}}$

and

${v}_{\mathrm{rot}}/{\sigma}_{\mathrm{0}}$

) and net Ly

$\alpha$

EW for subsets of our kinematic sample where these data are available, and demonstrate the consistency of our result with other properties that scale with net Ly

$\alpha$

EW and kinematics. Based on these findings, we suggest a method by which large samples of rotation- and dispersion-dominated galaxies might be selected using broadband imaging in as few as three filters and/or net Ly

$\alpha$

EW alone. If confirmed with larger samples, application of this method will enable an understanding of galaxy kinematic behaviour over large scales in datasets from current and future large-area and all-sky photometric surveys that will select hundreds of millions of LBGs in redshift ranges from

$z\sim2-6$

across many hundreds to thousands of Mpc. Finally, we speculate that the combination of our result linking net Ly

$\alpha$

EW and nebular emission-line kinematics with the known large-scale clustering behaviour of Ly

$\alpha$

-absorbing and Ly

$\alpha$

-emitting LBGs is evocative of an emergent bimodality of early galaxies that is consistent with a nascent morphology-density relation at

$z\sim2-3$

.
Policy feedback and income targeting in the welfare state
Authors: Laenen Tijs , Marchal Sarah , Van Lancker Wim 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In light of ongoing debates about income targeting in the welfare state, this article explores how the design and outcomes of income targeting policies are related to popular targeting preferences. Based on the unique combination of fine-grained opinion and policy indicators in a multilevel analysis, the results show that targeting preferences are indeed empirically related to targeting policies. However, whether these preferences are affected more by the de jure targeting design or the de facto targeting outcome seems to vary between two very different policy domains. In the case of unemployment benefits, the results suggest positive policy feedback: support for high-income targeting increases when unemployment benefits are designed to benefit those with previously higher incomes. For income taxation, by contrast, the results suggest negative policy feedback. In that case, it is not so much the de jure design but rather the de facto outcome that matters: the more taxes effectively work to the advantage of higher-income earners, the less support there is for a tax that levies the same amount on everyone, regardless of income.
Sensory panel results of a dried fish powder supplement among caregivers and young children in Zambia
Authors: Ragsdale Kathleen , Read-Wahidi Mary R , Mudege Netsayi N , Iannotti Lora L , Muzungaire Lizzy , Funduluka Priscilla 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective:
To evaluate the acceptability of traditional Zambian dishes fortified with Complementary Food for Africa+Dried Fish Powder (ComFA+Fish), a locally sourced protein/micronutrient blend designed to impact nutrient deficiencies among infants and young children (IYC) and improve pregnancy and birth outcomes among women of reproductive age (WRA).

Design:
During two sensory panels, caregivers evaluated: (1) the acceptability of four ComFA+Fish dishes for household consumption, including fortified chibwabwa fisashi, savory Kapenta chutney, fortified complementary maize porridge and fortified bean-vegetable soup and (2) whether their IYC found the fortified complementary maize porridge acceptable.

Setting:
Lake Kariba, Southern Province, Zambia.

Participants:
Women of reproductive age (n 42) and their IYC aged 6–11 months (n 16) and 12–23 months (n 26) were recruited from fishing villages in Gwembe, Siavonga and Sinazongwe District.

Results:
A majority of caregivers extremely liked/liked the: (1) fortified chibwabwa fisashi’s sensory attributes (94·7 %), convenience (92·8 %) and overall acceptability (100 %); (2) savory Kapenta chutney’s sensory attributes (81·8 %), convenience (92·8 %) and overall acceptability (100 %); (3) fortified complementary porridge’s sensory attributes (83·5 %), convenience (90·5 %) and overall acceptability (88·1 %) and (4) fortified bean-vegetable soup’s sensory attributes (66·8 %), convenience (87·5 %) and overall acceptability (87·5 %). Further, a majority of caregivers evaluated the fortified complementary porridge as highly acceptable to their IYC.

Conclusions:
Results suggest that ComFA+Fish is strategically well placed to fill nutritional gaps among IYC and WRA in Zambia and has the potential to be scaled across sub-Saharan Africa.
Reduced irrigation impact on soil-applied herbicide dissipation and rotational crop response
Authors: Adamson Daniel M. , Sbatella Gustavo M. , Kniss Andrew R. , Dayan Franck E. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Soil-applied herbicides are important for controlling weeds in many crops but risk damage to susceptible rotational crops if they persist. Field studies were conducted in Powell, WY, from 2015 through 2017 to evaluate the effect of reduced water availability on soil-applied herbicide dissipation. Eight soil-applied herbicides, applied to dry bean or corn, were exposed to three season-long irrigation treatments (100%, 85%, and 70% of estimated crop evapotranspiration [ETc]) by overhead sprinkler. Soil samples were collected to a depth of 10 cm from 0 to 140 d after application, and soil herbicide concentrations were quantified using gas or liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Herbicide concentrations were regressed over time to produce a soil half-life estimate for each herbicide and irrigation treatment. Reduced irrigation decreased dry bean yield by up to 77% and corn yield by up to 50%. After adjusting for precipitation, the lowest irrigation treatment received 78% and 76% as much water as the full irrigation treatment in 2015 and 2016, respectively. This significantly increased the soil half-life of imazethapyr but did not increase the soil half-life of atrazine, pyroxasulfone, saflufenacil, ethalfluralin, trifluralin, or pendimethalin. Reduced irrigation did not increase carryover injury to rotational crops from these herbicides 1 yr after application. Instead, carryover response was determined by the inherent persistence of individual herbicides. Imazethapyr (0.1 kg ai ha−1) injured rotational sugar beet, and isoxaflutole (0.1 kg ai ha−1) injured rotational dry bean. Pyroxasulfone (0.2 kg ai ha−1), atrazine (2.0 kg ai ha−1), saflufenacil (0.1 kg ai ha−1) + dimethenamid-P (0.6 kg ai ha−1), ethalfluralin (0.8 kg ai ha−1), trifluralin (0.6 kg ai ha−1), and pendimethalin (1.1 kg ai ha−1) did not injure rotational crops regardless of irrigation treatment. Drought stress sufficient to cause up to 77% crop yield loss did not increase soil-applied herbicide carryover.
Liquid‐Ice Mass Partitioning Across the Edge of Mixed‐Phase Cumulus Clouds
Authors: Zhao Guozheng , Yang Jing , Zhu Lei , Xie Zhifei , Lu Chunsong , Yin Yan , Jing Xiaoqin , Li Junxia , Wang Yonggang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOne of the major factors controlling the phase partitioning in mixed‐phase cloud is entrainment mixing, but it is still poorly understood. In this study, the liquid‐ice mass partitioning across the edge of shallow to moderately deep cumulus clouds are analyzed using airborne measurements. The results show the concentration and water content of both liquid and ice decrease toward the cloud edge. However, the liquid mass fraction remains similar across the cloud. The mechanism responsible for the phase partitioning is that extreme inhomogeneous entrainment‐mixing dominates. This is evident as both the droplet and ice sizes remain similar with changing concentrations. The comparison between the time scale of turbulent mixing and the phase relaxation time of water also suggests the turbulence strength is too low to homogenize the cloud. The findings from this study improve our understanding on the role of entrainment in phase partitioning, and are useful in evaluating model simulations.
Van Allen Probes Observations of a Three‐Dimensional Field Line Resonance at a Plasmaspheric Plume
Authors: Sandhu J. K. , Degeling A. W. , Elsden T. , Murphy K. R. , Rae I. J. , Wright A. N. , Hartley D. P. , Smith A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractField Line Resonances (FLRs) are a critical component in Earth's magnetospheric dynamics, associated with the transfer of energy between Ultra Low Frequency waves and local plasma populations. In this study we investigate how the polarisation of FLRs are impacted by cold plasma density distributions during geomagnetic storms. We present an analysis of Van Allen Probe A observations, where the spacecraft traversed a storm time plasmaspheric plume. We show that the polarisation of the FLR is significantly altered at the sharp azimuthal density gradient of the plume boundary, where the polarisation is intermediate with significant poloidal and toroidal components. These signatures are consistent with magnetohydrodynamic modeling results, providing the first observational evidence of a 3D FLR associated with a plume in Earth's magnetosphere. These results demonstrate the importance of cold plasma in controlling wave dynamics in the magnetosphere, and have important implications for wave‐particle interactions at a range of energies.
Ephemeral Ice Clouds in the Upper Mesosphere of Venus
Authors: Murray Benjamin. J. , Mangan Thomas. P. , Määttänen Anni , Plane John. M. C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe conditions in Venus' upper mesosphere at around 120 km have some similarities to the upper mesosphere of Earth and Mars where ice clouds form. Here we show, using published satellite products and numerical modeling, that the upper mesosphere of Venus can be sufficiently cold that both H2O and CO2 may condense to form particles. We show that amorphous solid water particles (ASW) are likely to nucleate both heterogeneously on meteoric smoke and also homogeneously, resulting in clouds of nano‐scaled particles at around 120 km that will occur globally. The temperatures may then become sufficiently low, below ∼90 K, that CO2 particles can nucleate on ASW particles. Given the uncertainty associated with retrievals of temperature in the upper mesosphere, it is unclear how frequently this occurs, but it could be >30% of the time poleward of 60°. Since the main component of Venus' tenuous atmosphere is CO2, any CO2 crystals that form will grow and sediment on a timescale of 10–20 min. Mie calculations show that these Venusian mesospheric clouds (VMCs) should be observable by contemporary satellite instruments, although their short lifetime means that the probability of detection is small. We suggest that VMCs are important for the redistribution of meteoric smoke and may serve as a cold‐trap, removing some water vapor from the very upper mesosphere of Venus through the growth and sedimentation of cloud particles, and possibly reducing the loss of water to space.
Building and Collapse of the Cadomian Orogen: A Plate‐Scale Model Based on Structural Data From the SW Iberian Massif
Authors: Moreno‐Martín Diana , Díez Fernández Rubén , Arenas Ricardo , Rojo‐Pérez Esther , Novo‐Fernández Irene , Sánchez Martínez Sonia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Cadomian Orogeny produced a subduction‐related orogen along the periphery of Gondwana and configured the pre‐Variscan basement of the Iberian Massif. The architecture of the Cadomian Orogen requires detailed structural analysis for reconstruction because of severe tectonic reworking during the Paleozoic (Variscan cycle). Tectonometamorphic analysis and data compilation in SW Iberia (La Serena Massif, Spain) have allowed the identification of three Cadomian deformation phases and further constrained the global architecture and large‐scale processes that contributed to the Ediacaran building and early Paleozoic dismantling of the Cadomian Orogen. The first phase (DC1, prior to 573 Ma) favored tabular morphology in plutons that intruded during the building of a continental arc. The second phase (DC2, 573–535 Ma) produced an upright folding and contributed to further crustal thickening. The third phase of deformation (DC3, ranging between ∼535 and ∼480 Ma) resulted in an orogen‐parallel dome with oblique extensional flow. DC1 represents the crustal growth and thickening stage. DC2 is synchronous with a period of crustal thickening that affected most of the Gondwanan periphery, from the most external sections (Cadomian fore‐arc) to the inner ones (Cadomian back‐arc). We explain DC2 as a consequence of flat subduction, which was followed by a period dominated by crustal extension (DC3) upon roll‐back of the lower plate. The Ediacaran construction of the Cadomian Orogen (DC1 and DC2) requires ongoing subduction beneath Gondwana s.l., whereas its dismantlement during the Early Paleozoic is compatible with oblique, sinistral convergence.
The C-type lectin COLEC10 is predominantly produced by hepatic stellate cells and involved in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis
Authors: Zhang Mengfan , Jing Yang , Xu Wenze , Shi Xiaojing , Zhang Wenguang , Chen Pengfei , Cao Xiaocang , Han Xinwei , Duan Xuhua , Ren Jianzhuang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHepatic stellate cell is one of the major nonparenchymal cell types in liver. It has been proved the hepatic stellate cells are activated upon liver injury and produce excessive extracellular matrix to induce liver fibrosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing has been introduced to identify the subpopulations and function of hepatic stellate cells for its remarkable resolution of representation of single-cell transcriptome. According to the re-analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data and pseudotime trajectory inference, we have found the C-type lectins including Colec10 and Colec11 are not produced by hepatocytes but predominantly produced by hepatic stellate cells, especially quiescent ones in the mice livers. In addition, the expression of Colec10 is decreased in the fibrotic livers of CCl4-challenged mice. COLEC10 is also mainly expressed in the hepatic stellate cells of human livers and the expression of COLEC10 is decreased with the progression of liver fibrosis. The bulk RNA sequencing data of the lentivirus transfected LX-2 cells indicates the function of COLEC10 is associated with inflammation, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix alteration. Surprisingly, the in vitro overexpression of COLEC10 in LX-2 cells promotes the mRNA expression of extracellular matrix components including COL1A1, COL1A2 and COL3A1 and the extracellular matrix degradation enzyme MMP2. To further investigate the role of COLEC10 in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, the serum concentration of COLEC10 in patients with chronic liver disease and healthy donors is measured. The serum concentration of COLEC10 is elevated in the patients with chronic liver disease compared to the healthy donors and positively correlated with serum concentration of the D-dimer but not the most of liver function markers. Altogether, we conclude that the C-type lectin COLEC10 is predominantly produced by the hepatic stellate cells and involved in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis.
Building a eukaryotic chromosome arm by de novo design and synthesis
Authors: Jiang Shuangying , Luo Zhouqing , Wu Jie , Yu Kang , Zhao Shijun , Cai Zelin , Yu Wenfei , Wang Hui , Cheng Li , Liang Zhenzhen , Gao Hui , Monti Marco , Schindler Daniel , Huang Linsen , Zeng Cheng , Zhang Weimin , Zhou Chun , Tang Yuanwei , Li Tianyi , Ma Yingxin , Cai Yizhi , Boeke Jef D. , Zhao Qiao , Dai Junbiao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe genome of an organism is inherited from its ancestor and continues to evolve over time, however, the extent to which the current version could be altered remains unknown. To probe the genome plasticity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, here we replace the native left arm of chromosome XII (chrXIIL) with a linear artificial chromosome harboring small sets of reconstructed genes. We find that as few as 12 genes are sufficient for cell viability, whereas 25 genes are required to recover the partial fitness defects observed in the 12-gene strain. Next, we demonstrate that these genes can be reconstructed individually using synthetic regulatory sequences and recoded open-reading frames with a “one-amino-acid-one-codon” strategy to remain functional. Finally, a synthetic neochromsome with the reconstructed genes is assembled which could substitute chrXIIL for viability. Together, our work not only highlights the high plasticity of yeast genome, but also illustrates the possibility of making functional eukaryotic chromosomes from entirely artificial sequences.
Coherent charge oscillations in a bilayer graphene double quantum dot
Authors: Hecker K. , Banszerus L. , Schäpers A. , Möller S. , Peters A. , Icking E. , Watanabe K. , Taniguchi T. , Volk C. , Stampfer C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe coherent dynamics of a quantum mechanical two-level system passing through an anti-crossing of two energy levels can give rise to Landau-Zener-Stückelberg-Majorana (LZSM) interference. LZSM interference spectroscopy has proven to be a fruitful tool to investigate charge noise and charge decoherence in semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). Recently, bilayer graphene has developed as a promising platform to host highly tunable QDs potentially useful for hosting spin and valley qubits. So far, in this system no coherent oscillations have been observed and little is known about charge noise in this material. Here, we report coherent charge oscillations and $${T}_{2}^{*}$$

T

2

*

charge decoherence times in a bilayer graphene double QD. The charge decoherence times are measured independently using LZSM interference and photon assisted tunneling. Both techniques yield $${T}_{2}^{*}$$

T

2

*

average values in the range of 400–500 ps. The observation of charge coherence allows to study the origin and spectral distribution of charge noise in future experiments.
Quantum criticality at cryogenic melting of polar bubble lattices
Authors: Luo Wei , Akbarzadeh Alireza , Nahas Yousra , Prokhorenko Sergei , Bellaiche Laurent 
Published: November 2023

AbstractQuantum fluctuations (QFs) caused by zero-point phonon vibrations (ZPPVs) are known to prevent the occurrence of polar phases in bulk incipient ferroelectrics down to 0 K. On the other hand, little is known about the effects of QFs on the recently discovered topological patterns in ferroelectric nanostructures. Here, by using an atomistic effective Hamiltonian within classical Monte Carlo (CMC) and path integral quantum Monte Carlo (PI-QMC), we unveil how QFs affect the topology of several dipolar phases in ultrathin Pb(Zr0.4Ti0.6)O3(PZT) films. In particular, our PI-QMC simulations show that the ZPPVs do not suppress polar patterns but rather stabilize the labyrinth, bimeron and bubble phases within a wider range of bias field magnitudes. Moreover, we reveal that quantum fluctuations induce a quantum critical point (QCP) separating a hexagonal bubble lattice from a liquid-like state characterized by spontaneous motion, creation and annihilation of polar bubbles at cryogenic temperatures. Finally, we show that the discovered quantum melting is associated with anomalous physical response, as, e.g., demonstrated by a negative longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient.
SARS-CoV-2 nsp3 and nsp4 are minimal constituents of a pore spanning replication organelle
Authors: Zimmermann Liv , Zhao Xiaohan , Makroczyova Jana , Wachsmuth-Melm Moritz , Prasad Vibhu , Hensel Zach , Bartenschlager Ralf , Chlanda Petr 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCoronavirus replication is associated with the remodeling of cellular membranes, resulting in the formation of double-membrane vesicles (DMVs). A DMV-spanning pore was identified as a putative portal for viral RNA. However, the exact components and the structure of the SARS-CoV-2 DMV pore remain to be determined. Here, we investigate the structure of the DMV pore by in situ cryo-electron tomography combined with subtomogram averaging. We identify non-structural protein (nsp) 3 and 4 as minimal components required for the formation of a DMV-spanning pore, which is dependent on nsp3-4 proteolytic cleavage. In addition, we show that Mac2-Mac3-DPUP-Ubl2 domains are critical for nsp3 oligomerization and crown integrity which influences membrane curvature required for biogenesis of DMVs. Altogether, SARS-CoV-2 nsp3-4 have a dual role by driving the biogenesis of replication organelles and assembly of DMV-spanning pores which we propose here to term replicopores.