bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disentangling the component processes in complex planning impairments following ventromedial prefrontal lesions
Authors: Holton Eleanor , van Opheusden Bas , Grohn Jan , Ward Harry , Grogan John , Lockwood Patricia L , Ma Ili , Ma Wei Ji , Manohar Sanjay G 
Published: January 2025

Damage to ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in humans disrupts planning abilities in naturalistic settings. However, it is unknown which components of planning are affected in these patients, including selecting the relevant information, simulating future states, or evaluating between these states. To address this question, we leveraged computational paradigms to investigate the role of vmPFC in planning, using the board game task ‘Four-in-a-Row’ (18 lesion patients, 9 female; 30 healthy control participants, 16 female), and the simpler ‘Two-Step’ task measuring model-based reasoning (49 lesion patients, 27 female; 20 healthy control participants, 13 female). Damage to vmPFC disrupted performance in Four-in-a-Row compared to both control lesion patients and healthy age-matched controls. We leveraged a computational framework to assess different component processes of planning in Four-in-a-Row and found that impairments following vmPFC damage included shallower planning depth, and a tendency to overlook game-relevant features. In the ‘Two-Step’ task, which involves binary choices across a short future horizon, we found little evidence of planning in all groups, and no behavioural differences between groups. Complex yet computationally tractable tasks such as ‘Four-in-a-row’ offer novel opportunities for characterising neuropsychological planning impairments, which in vmPFC patients we find are associated with oversights and reduced planning depth.Significance StatementThe ability to plan in real-world settings is often disrupted after damage to ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). However, real-world planning consists of many different cognitive processes, and it is uncertain which processes are disturbed by these lesions. Here we use rich computational models of planning to characterise behaviour in two planning tasks performed by patients with vmPFC damage and controls. VmPFC damage only affected behaviour in the more complex planning task, and behavioural modelling revealed this was associated with planning less far into the future and overlooking important features. These findings shed light on the neural mechanisms supporting complex planning, demonstrating how novel computational methods can strike the balance between task complexity and interpretability.
Embriaguez e força plástica no texto de João Guimarães Rosa
Authors: Sobrinho João Batista Santiago 
Published: January 2025

Este estudo estabelece uma relação de equivalência entre as expressões irrealidade, faz-de-conta e temulência, contidas no texto de João Guimarães Rosa, com os conceitos de embriaguez dionisíaca e força plástica do poeta e filósofo alemão Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche.
Bispectral Index Versus Minimum Alveolar Concentration Guided Anesthesia for Assessment of Intraoperative Awareness in Patients Undegoing Laparascopic Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Shreya Garg  , Vinod Bala Dhir  , Jyoti Gupta  , Yadav Rupesh , Deepak Verma  
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Intraoperative awareness with explicit recall (AWR) occurs when an individual retains memory of intraoperative events after completion of anesthesia. It is an unpleasant feeling feared by both the patients and the anesthetists. Objective: This research aims to compare Bispectral Index (BIS) versus Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC) guided anesthesia for assessment of intra-operative awareness in patients undergoing laparoscopic abdominal surgery. Methods: This research is a prospective comparison involving 100 patients divided into two groups of 50 patients each. Group M (MAC): Desflurane concentration was maintained at a MAC value of 1. The BIS monitor was not to be applied to this group of patients at the time of induction, but in Group B (BIS), the BIS electrode was applied on the forehead immediately before induction. Hemodynamic parameters including heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure were recorded. After the surgery, the patients were interviewed using the Modified Brice Awareness Questionnaire and Michigan Awareness Classification score for assessment of intra-operative awareness or consciousness at two intervals: in the post-anesthesia care unit and 48 hours after surgery. Results: Demographic data were comparable between groups M and B. No significant differences in the hemodynamic parameters, which include heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) between the M group and the B group (p value>0.05). The patient’s awareness was compared based on a modified Brice awareness questionnaire. The distribution of awareness was comparable between groups M and B (0% vs. 4% respectively) (p value=0.495). The distribution of Michigan awareness classification scores was comparable between groups M and B. Class 0 (no awareness) was 98% vs. 96% respectively, and Class 1(isolated auditory perception) of 2% vs. 4% respectively with (p value=1). Conclusion: This research found that BIS-guided anesthesia works just as well as MAC-guided anesthesia at keeping patients from waking up and keeping an eye on changes in their blood pressure while they are under general anesthesia for laparoscopic abdominal surgery.
Novel irrigation pump for indirect intra-renal pressure measurement during flexible ureterorenoscopy.
Authors: Lazarus John 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Flexible ureterorenoscopy (fURS) with laser lithotripsy is known to produce elevated intra-renal pressures (IRP) which can lead to complications. While direct IRP monitoring methods exist, they are not widely used in clinical practice. Indirect IRP estimation by application of the Hagen-Poiseuille equation has been proposed as a viable alternative.
This study aims to develop and validate a novel irrigation pump capable of estimating IRP in real-time during fURS. Estimated IRP will be compared with actual measured IRP on a phantom kidney.
Methods
An irrigation pump was designed with flow rate control based on pressure sensors. The Hagen-Poiseuille equation was applied to estimate IRP from the proximal pump pressure and the pressure drop across the tubing and fURS.
A phantom kidney model was used to simulate human renal conditions. The pump was calibrated at three flow rates (20, 30, and 40 mL/min) and IRP was estimated in real-time during irrigation. The correlation between this inferred IRP and actual IRP was assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient.
Results
A strong positive correlation was found between inferred and real IRP values at all flow rates. At 20 mL/min, the correlation coefficient (r²) was 0.98 (p < 0.001); at 30 mL/min, r² was 0.99 (p < 0.001); and at 40 mL/min, r² was 0.98 (p < 0.001).
Additionally, the mean difference between estimated and real IRP at 30 mL/min when a 230 µm laser fibre was used in the ureteroscope was 4.77 cmH2O.
Conclusion
The described irrigation pump provides, in the in vitro setting, an effective method for estimating IRP during fURS by using real-time proximal pressure measurements and the Hagen-Poiseuille equation.
This non-invasive indirect approach to IRP measurement could improve patient safety by ensuring that IRP remains within safe limits, potentially reducing complications associated with elevated pressures during flexible ureterorenoscopy.
Attention-Based Deep Learning Models: A Comparative Study of VGG19 and MobileNet for Chest X-Ray Image Classification
Authors: Vaduguru Ramya Venkata 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study looks into a cutting-edge deep learning system to sort chest X-ray (CXR) pictures into four groups: Normal, Pneumonia, COVID-19, and Other Lung Diseases. The research team boosted VGG19 and Mobile Net designs with Multi-Head Attention tricks to get better at pulling out features and zeroing in on areas that matter for spotting diseases. They worked with a dataset of 15,000 tagged images, which they cleaned up using standardization and tweaking methods to make the models work better across the board. Tests showed that Mobile Net beat VGG19 hitting 98.1% accuracy, 0.97 precision, and 0.96 recall. Adding attention tricks made the diagnosis more precise for tricky cases like COVID-19. Plus, Mobile Net got up to speed faster and didn't need as much computing power making it a better fit for on-the-spot use. This work highlights how attention-boosted lightweight models could streamline how doctors diagnose issues, take some pressure off radiologists, and bring better care to places without a lot of resources. The next steps include fine-tuning the model, growing the dataset, and putting it to work in the real world to help with automated diagnosis support.
Optimization of Wheatgrass Extraction Process Based on Response Surface Methodology and Composite Weighting Method
Authors: Wang Yanru , Li Weiping , Hou Meijuan , Su Jun , Wu Li , Wang Zeyu , Dai Qirui , Wu Danhong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Based on response surface methodology and composite weighting method, this study explored the effect of ethanol concentration, liquid - to - solid ratio, and time on the extraction of wheatgrass dry powder. The total phenolic content(TPC), total flavonoid content(TFC), DPPH・scavenging rate(DPPH・SR), and A549 cell growth inhibition rate(A549 CGIR) were selected as evaluation indicators and conduct comprehensive scoring(CS). Results showed the optimal extraction conditions were the ethanol volume fraction 39.56%, liquid - to - solid ratio 40.11mL/g, and time 42.21 minutes, with a comprehensive scoring of 64.04%. Under the conditions, although the TPC and TFC of wheatgrass powder were lower than fresh wheatgrass, the extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity and a certain degree of anti-tumor activity. Interestingly, this study further found a positive correlation between theTPC and the DPPH・SR in the extract, as well as a positive correlation between theTFC and the A549 CGIR.
Mental health of healthcare workers in England during the first three years of the COVID-19 pandemic: the NHS CHECK study cohort
Authors: Lamb Danielle , Scott Hannah , Carr Ewan , Stevelink Sharon A.M. , Raine Rosalind , Hotopf Matthew , Greenberg Neil , Almeida-Meza Pamela , Dorrington Sarah , Hegarty Siobhan , Madan Ira , Moran Paul , Morriss Richard , Murphy Dominic , Rafferty Anne Marie , Weich Scott , Wessely Simon 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Maintaining the mental health of healthcare workers is vital to reduce staff absences and high turnover, which in turn should improve patient care. Most research in this area focusses on clinical staff, despite the important contributions non-clinical staff make to the health system, and uses data from one time point. Our objectives were to examine mental health status variations for all types of healthcare workers (HCWs) in England over a three-year period, and to examine which workers were at increased risk of poorer mental health outcomes.
Method
We undertook a prospective cohort study of 22,092 HCWs from 17 English acute and mental health NHS Trusts, collecting online survey data on common mental disorders (CMDs), depression, anxiety, alcohol misuse, PTSD, moral injury, burnout, wellbeing, resilience, and post-traumatic growth at four time points from April 2020 to March 2023. We analysed these data cross-sectionally over time by data collection point. Data were weighted to better represent individual Trust population demographics.
Results
Around 50% of participants reported probable CMDs across all time points. The most consistent predictor of any poor mental health outcome was having met cut-off on that outcome at baseline. There were no consistent differences between clinical and non-clinical staff. Younger, female, lower paid staff, those who felt poorly supported by colleagues/managers, and who experienced potentially morally injurious events were most at risk of poor mental health outcomes.
Conclusion
Our evidence suggests that all types of NHS staff are struggling, and that mental health has not improved since the end of pandemic restrictions. Longer term work to address structural inequalities that underlie some of these findings is needed, as well as targeted, flexible support for staff in the short term.
Efficacy and Safety of Belumosudil for treatment of cGVHD: multicenter retrospective analysis of the French cohort of the compassionate use program, on behalf of the French Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy
Authors: Michonneau David , Malard Florent , Grand Sophie Le , magro leonardo , D'Aveni Maud , Tudesq Jean-Jacques , Villate Alban , Meunier Mathieu , Maillard Natacha , CASTILLA-LLORENTE Cristina , Marçais Ambroise , Cabrera Quentin , Huynh Anne , Menard Anne-Lise , Forcade Edouard , labussiere helene , Raus Nicole , Loschi Michael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Chronic graft versus host disease is a major cause of morbidity after allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation. Belumosudil has recently been approved for the treatment of cGVHD refractory after two lines of treatment. However, few data are available to evaluate its efficacy and safety in real life. 68 patients with cGVHD received belumosudil through a compassionate access program in France. The median follow-up was 337 days from belumosudil initiation. Eighty-two percent of patients had severe cGVHD with a median of three organs involved. Patients had received a median of three prior treatment lines. Median treatment duration was 251 days. The best overall response rate (ORR) was 57.3%, including 14.7% complete remission (CR) and 42.6% partial response (PR). The ORR at three and six months was 47% and 45.6%, respectively. Liver and mouth involvement showed the highest response rates (72.7% and 70.4%), while lung involvement had the lowest (17.2%). Median failure-free survival (FFS) was not reached, with 6- and 12-month FFS rates of 89.1% and 80.4%, respectively. Nine patients died, mainly from GVHD (n = 5). Ten adverse events were reported, leading to treatment discontinuation in three cases. These results support the efficacy and safety of belumosudil in refractory cGVHD.
Perflutren lipid microspheres for echocardiogram contrast: A clinical case of anaphylaxis to the non-PEGylated component
Authors: Wang Chloe , Campbell Jackie , Lea-Banks Harriet , Lee Erika 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Perflutren lipid microsphere suspension, sold under the brand name Definity®, is a microbubble ultrasound contrast agent. The microspheres contain octafluoropropane (C3F8) gas encapsulated by an outer lipid shell of phospholipids and a polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated phospholipid. Anaphylaxis to perflutren (Definity®) lipid microspheres is rare, with only one case report attributing the reaction to the PEG excipient. We report a novel case of anaphylaxis likely caused by a non-PEGylated component of Definity®.
Case Presentation:
Our patient is a healthy 54-year-old female, who underwent an exercise stress transthoracic echocardiogram using perflutren (Definity®) as an enhancing agent. She experienced anaphylaxis within 15 minutes of injection. Symptoms resolved after she was treated with diphenhydramine (Benadryl®) and epinephrine, followed by a systemic corticosteroid and ondansetron in the Emergency Department. The patient underwent allergy testing at our clinic for perflutren (Definity®) and various PEG-containing substances. While all PEG products tested negative, she had a positive intradermal test to perflutren. She also passed an oral challenge to PEG 3350, thus ruling out PEG as the causative agent of anaphylaxis.
Conclusions
Our case report highlights a previously undocumented instance of IgE-mediated anaphylaxis to Definity® with a non-PEGylated component as the likely culprit. It provides critical information to physicians on the potential risks of using Definity® and contributes to growing research surrounding the profile of Definity®.
A study on machining dynamics in flat-end mill process of SKD11 hard steel
Authors: Nguyen Nhu-Tung , Pham Dong Van , Hoang Tien-Dung , Nguyen Luan Duc , Vu Toan Dinh , Le Phong Van 
Published: January 2025

This study was performed to investigated the mechanism and stability prediction of flat-end milling process of SKD11 hard steel. The static milling force (MF) model, dynamic milling force (DML) model, milling vibration (MV) model, stability lobe diagram (SLD) model were developed and proposed in this study. The values of milling force coefficients (MLCs) and dynamic structure parameters (DSPs) were determined based on the combination of theoretical and experimental method. In static analysis, the relationship was very close to the linear regression with high determination coefficients (R2>97 %) in all three x, y, z directions. For experimental system of this study, the natural frequency of machine-tool system was almost half of natural frequency of machine-workpiece system. For the predicted results of SLD, the width of the stability region increased when the spindle speed increased. The machining processes were almost at the stable conditions with the axial depth of cut to be smaller than 0.3 mm at all values of spindle speed. The stable and unstable conditions in milling processes were verified with high precision for almost milling tests. With the points at the border between stable and unstable zones, the verified results had some differences between the predicted results using the proposed model and the analyzed results from experimental processes. These differences can be explained that there are many other parameters that have not been included in the predictive model such as heat, tool wear, friction, etc. In the applying of this study, it is the best way to choose the machining parameters at the absolute stable machining conditions.
Experiments comparing the efficency between watering vegetable crops with traditional methods and automatic watering systems
Authors: Traiphat Wasakorn , Nramat Wichai , Sukruan Phuachat , Utaprom Prachum , Piamboriboon Pitichon , Naramat Sutep 
Published: January 2025

This article experiments comparing the efficiency between watering vegetable crops with traditional methods and automatic watering systems. Objectives:
1. To study the operation of sensors, including temperature and relative humidity sensors and soil moisture sensors.
2. To compare the conventional irrigation of crops with automatic irrigation and to assess the satisfaction of 5 farmers.
This is to be used as information to support farmers' decisions. In smart agriculture that is on the rise around the world. Install 1 Relative Temperature and Humidity Sensor (AM2315 I2C) to measure air temperature and humidity values converted into digital signals. Transmit via Wi-Fi signal to the WeMos Arduno UNoR3+ microcontroller ESP8266, and 1 capacitive moisture sensor that sends an analog signal to the WeMos Arduno UNoR3+ESP8266 microcontroller. Experiments are carried out in greenhouses for growing vegetables measuring 6x3 meters. Results:
1. Automatic irrigation of the house with sensors. By experimenting with growing white cabbage, it was found that the temperature control was at an average of 37 degrees Celsius. Average relative humidity inside greenhouses 52.3 %, average soil moisture retention 55 %.
2. The results of the questionnaire of 5 farmers showed that the conventional irrigation of crops had an average value of 1.68 and an S.D value of 0.42. Irrigation with automation. The average value is 4.84 and the S.D value is 0.29, which shows that the irrigation system is automated. Efficient work shortening the working time can solve the problem of changing global climate conditions. This makes it easy for farmers to make decisions when choosing to use the automation system.
Assessment of Azerbaijan's geothermal potential for enhanced greenhouse heating systems
Authors: Mukhtarov Abusalam , Mammadov Fuad , Abasova Sevinc 
Published: January 2025

The appropriate use of geothermal energy, a notable renewable resource, presents considerable potential for greenhouse heating, particularly in areas such as Azerbaijan, which has abundant geothermal resources. This article examines the utilization of geothermal energy for greenhouse heating, emphasizing the technical and economic advantages, notably in Azerbaijan's geothermal-abundant regions including Lankaran, Khudat, and Absheron. The research offers a comprehensive examination of a suggested greenhouse heating system that combines geothermal energy with solar power, with the objective of optimizing energy efficiency and diminishing dependence on fossil fuels.
Significant findings include the ability of hybrid systems to achieve up to 85 % thermal efficiency and reduce greenhouse energy consumption by 30 %. For example, the Talysh region’s geothermal water, operating between 30–64 °C with a flow rate of 14,404 m3/day, can support substantial greenhouse operations. Geothermal integration in Khachmaz sustains consistent heating for 3 hectares of greenhouse space, aligning with global benchmarks from nations such as Iceland, the Netherlands, and Turkey, which have successfully reduced energy usage and carbon emissions.
This report emphasizes the significance of utilizing Azerbaijan's geothermal potential to enhance sustainable farming practices. The study offers a thorough examination of current geothermal resources, recent technological innovations, and a meticulously organized proposed system, yielding significant insights into the future of greenhouse heating in Azerbaijan and promoting the wider implementation of renewable energy solutions in agriculture.
Cultural Tourism Management: Advanced Tools and Technologies
Authors: Milenović Bojana 
Published: January 2025

In today's world, technology plays a crucial role in almost every business sector, and its development strongly influences tourism. Considering that innovation is recognized as a key factor of competitive advantage in the global market, organizations are increasingly adopting new tools, techniques, and strategies that shape specific marketing activity programs. Artificial intelligence brings a range of possibilities for cultural tourism improvement, making visitor experiences richer, more educational, and tailored to individual preferences, while simultaneously aiding in more efficient destination management and the preservation of cultural heritage through digitization, restoration, and reconstruction of cultural monuments. On the other hand, the blockchain technology could offer numerous advantages in the field of cultural tourism, from enhanced security and transparency to process automation and the creation of innovative visitor experiences. The research of the paper is directed towards the application of digital platforms, data analysis, virtual reality, and other technological solutions with the aim of enhancing visitor experiences, preserving cultural heritage, and optimizing operational processes. The paper explores advanced tools and technologies as means to enhance the management of cultural tourism, focusing on a specific country such as Serbia or another European or global destination.