bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between treatment‐emergent hypertension and survival with lenvatinib treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the REFLECT study
Authors: Piscaglia Fabio , Ikeda Kenji , Cheng Ann‐Lii , Kudo Masatoshi , Ikeda Masafumi , Breder Valery , Ryoo Baek‐Yeol , Mody Kalgi , Ren Min , Ramji Zahra , Sung Max W. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundLenvatinib is approved as a first‐line treatment for patients with unresectable and/or recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Lenvatinib achieved promising clinical benefits in REFLECT but was associated with clinically significant treatment‐emergent hypertension (CSTE‐HTN, a grouped term), a common class effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This post hoc analysis assessed the impact of CSTE‐HTN on the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib in HCC.MethodsPatients from REFLECT who received lenvatinib (n = 476) were stratified according to CSTE‐HTN. Tumors were assessed by mRECIST. Overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) were evaluated using landmark analyses at 4 and 8 weeks.ResultsA total of 212 patients in the lenvatinib arm developed CSTE‐HTN, and 264 did not. CSTE‐HTN first occurred at 3.7 weeks (median); the worst grade CSTE‐HTN occurred at 4.1 weeks (median). No patients had life‐threatening CSTE‐HTN and/or died due to CSTE‐HTN. Median OS was numerically longer in patients with versus without CSTE‐HTN (at 4 weeks: 16.3 vs. 11.6 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.621–1.004; at 8 weeks: 13.5 vs. 11.6 months; HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.696–1.089). Median PFS was similar between patients with and without CSTE‐HTN (at 4 weeks: 6.6 vs. 6.4 months; HR, 0.887; 95% CI, 0.680–1.157; at 8 weeks: 5.7 vs. 6.4 months; HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.84–1.41). Objective response rate was numerically higher in patients with (48.6%) versus without CSTE‐HTN (34.5%).ConclusionsIn this retrospective analysis, CSTE‐HTN was associated with improved OS but not PFS. CSTE‐HTN did not impair the outcomes of patients with HCC treated with lenvatinib when detected early and managed appropriately.
A phase 1 study of triple‐targeted therapy with BRAF, MEK, and AKT inhibitors for patients with BRAF‐mutated cancers
Authors: Algazi Alain P. , Moon James , Lao Christopher D. , Chmielowski Bartosz , Kendra Kari L. , Lewis Karl D. , Gonzalez Rene , Kim Kevin , Godwin John E. , Curti Brendan D. , Latkovic‐Taber Michaella , Lomeli Shirley H. , Gufford Brandon T. , Scumpia Philip O. , Lo Roger S. , Othus Megan , Ribas Antoni 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAberrant PI3K/AKT signaling in BRAF‐mutant cancers contributes to resistance to BRAF inhibitors. The authors examined dual MAPK and PI3K pathway inhibition in patients who had BRAF‐mutated solid tumors (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01902173).MethodsPatients with BRAF V600E/V600K–mutant solid tumors received oral dabrafenib at 150 mg twice daily with dose escalation of oral uprosertib starting at 50 mg daily, or, in the triplet cohorts, with dose escalation of both oral trametinib starting at 1.5 mg daily and oral uprosertib starting at 25 mg daily. Dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs) were assessed within the first 56 days of treatment. Radiographic responses were assessed at 8‐week intervals.ResultsTwenty‐seven patients (22 evaluable) were enrolled in parallel doublet and triplet cohorts. No DLTs were observed in the doublet cohorts (N = 7). One patient had a DLT at the maximum administered dose of triplet therapy (dabrafenib 150 mg twice daily and trametinib 2 mg daily plus uprosertib 75 mg daily). Three patients in the doublet cohorts had partial responses (including one who had BRAF inhibitor‐resistant melanoma). Two patients in the triplet cohorts had a partial response, and one patient had an unconfirmed partial response. Pharmacokinetic data suggested reduced dabrafenib and dabrafenib metabolite exposure in patients who were also exposed to both trametinib and uprosertib, but not in whose who were exposed to uprosertib without trametinib.ConclusionsConcomitant inhibition of both the MAPK and PI3K‐AKT pathways for the treatment of BRAF‐mutated cancers was well tolerated, leading to objective responses, but higher level drug‐drug interactions affected exposure to dabrafenib and its metabolites.
Interfacial Phenomena in Nanostructured Systems with Various Materials
Authors: Gun'ko Volodymyr M. , Turov Volodymyr V. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInterfacial phenomena linked to the behavior of bound water, organic solvents (co‐sorbates, dispersion media), hydrogen, methane, acids/bases, and salts bound to various silicas, polymers, and carbon materials were analyzed vs. temperature and concentrations using 1H NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and other methods. The material characteristics were studied using microscopy, infrared spectroscopy (IR), small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), and nitrogen adsorption. Confined space effects (CSE) result in enhanced freezing point depression (FPD) and stronger diminution of solvent activity and colligative properties of liquid mixtures in narrower pores. Short hydrophobic functionalities (≡Si‐CH3, =Si(CH3)2) at a silica surface and the presence of nanopores result in differentiation of bound water into weakly (WAW, δH=0.2–2.0 ppm) and strongly (SAW, δH=4–6 ppm) associated waters of smaller solvent activity in smaller clusters located in narrower pores and unfrozen below a bulk freezing point. These effects are enhanced in hydrophobic dispersion media. Hydrophobic liquids could displace bound water into narrower pores inaccessible for their molecules larger than water and/or into broader pores to reduce contact area between immiscible liquids. The observed phenomena depend on sorbent/sorbate kinds and play an important role on practical applications of various sorbents.
The σ+π dual aromaticity of typical bi‐tetrazole ring molecule TKX‐50
Authors: Yang Chunhai , Dong Huilong , Li Xue , Zhou Ning , Liu Yi , Jin Junxun , Wang Yinjun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTwo complexes of dihydroxylammonium 5,5’‐bistetrazole‐1,1’‐diolate (TKX‐50) were employed to evaluate the aromaticity of their tetrazole rings via deep analysis such as the electronic structure, the ZZ component of the natural chemical shielding tensor (NICSZZ) and component orbitals, localized orbital locator purely contributed by σ‐orbitals (LOL‐σ) and localized orbital locator purely contributed by π‐orbitals (LOL‐π), the anisotropy of the induced current density (AICD) and the ZZ component of iso‐chemical shielding surface (ICSSZZ) of these tetrazole rings thereof. The conclusion shows: that all tetrazole rings and bi‐tetrazole rings in complexes have strong σ and a comparable strength π double aromaticity; all these magnetic shields almost symmetrically increase from the central axis to the tetrazole ring atoms; tetrazole rings in complex II show a little stronger dual aromaticity than that in complex I mainly due to the different orientation of the fragment 2 encompassing two hydroxylamine groups resulting in different effects on the contributions of σ orbitals and π orbitals to total aromaticity of tetrazole rings thereof; the difference in aromaticity is fundamentally caused by the atoms O with stronger electron‐withdrawing than atom N in fragment 2 interact with bi‐tetrazole ring through O in complex I but through N in complex II.
Cationic Bis(Gold) Indenyl Complexes
Authors: Slinger Brady L. , Zhu Jiaqi , Widenhoefer Ross A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractReaction of (P)AuOTf [P=P(t‐Bu)2o‐biphenyl] with indenyl‐ or 3‐methylindenyl lithium led to isolation of gold η1‐indenyl complexes (P)Au(η1‐inden‐1‐yl) (1 a) and (P)Au(η1‐3‐methylinden‐1‐yl) (1 b), respectively, in >65 % yield. Whereas complex 1 b is static, complex 1 a undergoes facile, degenerate 1,3‐migration of gold about the indenyl ligand (ΔG≠153K=9.1±1.1 kcal/mol). Treatment of complexes 1 a and 1 b with (P)AuNTf2 led to formation of the corresponding cationic bis(gold) indenyl complexes trans‐[(P)Au]2(η1,η1‐inden‐1,3‐yl) (2 a) and trans‐[(P)Au]2(η1,η2‐3‐methylinden‐1‐yl) (2 b), respectively, which were characterized spectroscopically and modeled computationally. Despite the absence of aurophilic stabilization in complexes 2 a and 2 b, the binding affinity of mono(gold) complex 1 a toward exogenous (P)Au+ exceed that of free indene by ~350‐fold and similarly the binding affinity of 1 b toward exogenous (P)Au+ exceed that of 3‐methylindene by ~50‐fold. The energy barrier for protodeauration of bis(gold) indenyl complex 2 a with HOAc was ≥8 kcal/mol higher than for protodeauration of mono(gold) complex 1 a.
Designing Organic π‐Conjugated Molecules for Crystalline Solid Solutions: Adamantane‐Substituted Naphthalenes
Authors: Herbert Benedikt , Walpuski Janis , Stolte Matthias , Shoyama Kazutaka 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe showcase herein organic crystalline solid solutions (CSSs) based on the simplest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) scaffold, naphthalene, stabilized by dispersion forces induced by adamantane substitution. High thermal stability of the host and guest molecules synthesized by cross‐coupling of dibromonaphthalene derivatives and 4‐(1‐adamantyl)phenyl boronic ester enabled formation of crystals by sublimation. We could generate binary monocrystalline solid solution systems proven by X‐ray crystallography, the first system of designed CSSs stabilized exclusively via dispersion forces with structural evidence. These observations are additionally supported by lattice energy calculations and spectroscopic examinations. For the generation of CSSs, it is of utmost importance that the host and guest molecules have similar lattice energies and spatial compatibility. We anticipate that the thermostable organic CSS design demonstrated herein would be beneficial for functional materials and further investigation towards materials with unique properties.
Avoiding Oxygen Removal for Photochemical Reactions – towards Water as the Solvent
Authors: Pölderl Gianna , Næsborg Line 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOxygen removing protocols have long been the standard approach to perform photoreactions. By encapsulating photosensitizers and reactants in tailored supramolecular assemblies, preservation of photoreactivity even in the presence of molecular oxygen can be observed. Herein, we showcase some of the solutions that could render time‐consuming oxygen removal redundant in photochemical synthesis. A focus has been dedicated to aqueous solutions of supramolecular assemblies as potential reaction media. They present an attractive solution possibly useful not only for synthetic photochemical transformations, but also for water purification, bio‐applications or biocatalysis. The included media are membranes, hydrogels, deep eutectic solvents and peptide assemblies.
Bit error rate analysis of MRC diversity receiver over shadowed Beaulieu‐Xie fading channels for mmWave communications
Authors: Mona Devi Laishram , Dinamani Singh Aheibam 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThis paper presents the performance of maximum ratio combining (MRC) diversity receiver over shadowed Beaulieu‐Xie (SBX) fading model. The SBX model is used to characterise wireless communication environments that include multiple numbers of line‐of‐sight (LOS) and non‐line‐of‐sight (NLOS) signals. The probability density function (PDF) of the MRC scheme over the SBX channel has been derived. The PDF‐based approach has been used to calculate the outage performance and average bit error rate of several modulation schemes for coherent and non‐coherent signals. It has also been shown how the diversity orders and the fading channel's parameters affect the system's performance. To authenticate the evaluated expressions, Monte‐Carlo simulation results are used for validation. The SBX model is used to characterise wireless communication environments that include multiple numbers of LOS and NLOS signals.
A case of small bowel aneurysm hemorrhage with submucosal tumor‐like findings
Authors: Banjoya Susumu , Minato Yohei , Kimoto Yoshiaki , Kano Yuki , Sakuno Takashi , Ono Kohei , Osawa Marie , Horiuchi Hajime , Morikawa Teppei , Ohata Ken 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA 51‐year‐old woman visited our hospital with the chief complaint of tarry stools. Contrast‐enhanced abdominal computed tomography revealed leakage of contrast medium into the lumen of the small intestine. Subsequently, a double‐balloon endoscopy was performed, which revealed a submucosal mass‐like lesion in the jejunum. Although hemostasis was attempted with clips, complete hemostasis was difficult to achieve, and angiographic embolization was performed. Nevertheless, the anemia progressed, and a small bowel resection was performed. Histopathological examination led to a diagnosis of a ruptured submucosal aneurysm of the small intestine. Endoscopic hemostasis is often difficult to achieve for submucosal aneurysms in the intestine. The submucosal tumor‐like finding observed on endoscopy in submucosal aneurysms is termed an “SMT‐like sign” and is considered an important finding to diagnose aneurysms.
A polygenic risk score of atrial fibrillation improves prediction of lifetime risk for heart failure
Authors: Alkis Taryn , Luo Xi , Wall Katherine , Brody Jennifer , Bartz Traci , Chang Patricia P. , Norby Faye L. , Hoogeveen Ron C. , Morrison Alanna C. , Ballantyne Christie M. , Coresh Josef , Boerwinkle Eric , Psaty Bruce M. , Shah Amil M. , Yu Bing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsHeart failure (HF) has shared genetic architecture with its risk factors: atrial fibrillation (AF), body mass index (BMI), coronary heart disease (CHD), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aim to assess the association and risk prediction performance of risk‐factor polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for incident HF and its subtypes in bi‐racial populations.Methods and resultsFive PRSs were constructed for AF, BMI, CHD, SBP, and T2D in White participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. The associations between PRSs and incident HF and its subtypes were assessed using Cox models, and the risk prediction performance of PRSs was assessed using C statistics. Replication was performed in the ARIC study Black and Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) White participants. In 8624 ARIC study Whites, 1922 (31% cumulative incidence) HF cases developed over 30 years of follow‐up. PRSs of AF, BMI, and CHD were associated with incident HF (P < 0.001), where PRSAF showed the strongest association [hazard ratio (HR): 1.47, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.41–1.53]. Only the addition of PRSAF to the ARIC study HF risk equation improved C statistics for 10 year risk prediction from 0.812 to 0.829 (∆C: 0.017, 95% CI: 0.009–0.026). The PRSAF was associated with both incident HF with reduced ejection fraction (HR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.27–1.60) and incident HF with preserved ejection fraction (HR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.33–1.62). The associations between PRSAF and incident HF and its subtypes, as well as the improved risk prediction, were replicated in the ARIC study Blacks and the CHS Whites (P < 0.050). Protein analyses revealed that N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide and other 98 proteins were associated with PRSAF.ConclusionsThe PRSAF was associated with incident HF and its subtypes and had significant incremental value over an established HF risk prediction equation.
Ring‐Opening Intramolecular Arylation of 1,2‐Disubtituted Epoxides with Tuneable Stereoselectivity
Authors: Zhao Cong‐Cong , Shen Chaoren , Wang Bin , Rong Liangce , Dong Kaiwu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA method of stereodivergent intramolecular ring‐opening arylation of amine‐tethered epoxides to 3,4‐disubstituted tetrahydroquinolines has been developed. The tuneable good stereoselectivity was attained by changing the catalyst from titanocene(III) catalyst to Lewis‐acidic zinc catalyst.
Multimodal non‐invasive evaluation in MRI‐negative epilepsy patients
Authors: Wang Wei , Huang Qian , Zhou Qilin , Han Jiaqi , Zhang Xiating , Li Liping , Lin Yicong , Wang Yuping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPresurgical evaluation is still challenging for MRI‐negative epilepsy patients. As non‐invasive modalities are the easiest acceptable and economic methods in determining the epileptogenic zone, we analyzed the localization value of common non‐invasive methods in MRI‐negative epilepsy patients. In this study, we included epilepsy patients undergoing presurgical evaluation with presurgical negative MRI. MRI post‐processing was performed using a Morphometric Analysis Program (MAP) on T1‐weighted volumetric MRI. The relationship between MAP, magnetoencephalography (MEG), scalp electroencephalogram (EEG), and seizure outcomes was analyzed to figure out the localization value of different non‐invasive methods. Eighty‐six patients were included in this study. Complete resection of the MAP‐positive regions or the MEG‐positive regions was positively associated with seizure freedom (p = 0.028 and 0.007, respectively). When an area is co‐localized by MAP and MEG, the resection of the area was significantly associated with seizure freedom (p = 0.006). However, neither the EEG lateralization nor the EEG localization showed statistical association with the surgical outcome (p = 0.683 and 0.505, respectively). In conclusion, scalp EEG had a limited role in presurgical localization and predicting seizure outcome, combining MAP and MEG results can significantly improve the localization of epileptogenic lesions and have a positive association with seizure‐free outcome.Plain Language SummaryDue to the lack of obvious structure abnormalities on neuroimaging examinations, the identification of epilepsy lesions in MRI‐negative epilepsy patients can be difficult. In this study, we intended to use non‐invasive examinations to explore the potential epileptic lesions in MRI‐negative epilepsy patients and to determine the results accuracy by comparing the neuroimaging results with the epilepsy surgery outcomes. A total of 86 epilepsy patients without obvious structure lesions on MRI were included, and we found that the combinations of different non‐invasive examinations and neuroimaging post‐processing methods are significantly associated with the seizure freedom results of epilepsy surgery.
Inter‐model and inter‐modality analysis of left ventricular hemodynamics: Comparative study of two CFD approaches based on echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Obermeier Lukas , Korte Jana , Vellguth Katharina , Barbieri Fabian , Hellmeier Florian , Berg Philipp , Goubergrits Leonid 
Published: January 2024

AbstractComputational fluid dynamics (CFD) carry the potential to provide detailed insights into intraventricular hemodynamics and complement in vivo flow measurement techniques. A variety of CFD approaches emerged in recent years, mostly building solely on medical image data as patient‐specific input. While the utilized medical imaging method and chosen CFD approach both influence the computed hemodynamics, thereto related differences are rarely investigated. The present study addresses this issue with an inter‐(imaging)‐modality and inter‐model comparison of intracardiac flow computations. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) data of a volunteer were acquired and used to reconstruct the anatomical structures. For each modality, the reconstructed shapes were applied in two previously introduced CFD approaches to compute whole‐cycle ventricular flow patterns. While both methods involved benefits and challenges, similar valve velocities were computed, being in accordance with in vivo 4D flow MRI and pulsed‐wave Doppler velocity measurements (systolic peak velocity: 1.24–1.26 m/s (MRI), 0.9–1.25 m/s (TTE); diastolic peak velocity: 0.54 m/s (MRI), 0.59–0.75 m/s (TTE)). A detailed flow analysis with vortex formation, kinetic energy, and mid‐ventricular velocities indicated the computed inter‐modality differences to be larger than inter‐method ones. Quantitatively, this could be observed in the direct flow rate ( inter‐modality: 13, inter‐method, 3). These results help to gain trust in CFD approaches to compute intraventricular flow and emphasize the importance of standardized input data. Future studies, however, should consider a broader data base.
Prevalence and associated factors of mild cognitive impairment among middle‐aged and older adults: Results of the first phase of Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging
Authors: Delbari Ahmad , Tabatabaei Fatemeh‐Sadat , Ghasemi Hoomaan , Azimi Amirali , Bidkhori Mohammad , Saatchi Mohammad , Foroughan Mahshid , Hooshmand Elham 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsData on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in low‐ to middle‐income countries are still being determined, despite the fact that most future older adults are expected to reside in these regions. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of MCI in Iran.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted on 4938 community‐dwelling subjects aged 50 years or above in the first wave of the Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging. MCI was evaluated using the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS) in literate and illiterate individuals. The relationship between factors associated with the odds of MCI was assessed through logistic regression.ResultsThe prevalence of MCI among all participants, the literates and illiterates, was 15.8%, 6.3%, and 36.4%, respectively. It was found that failure to accomplish any of the MMSE or AMTS items was significantly related to MCI (p < 0.001). Age ([odds ratio (OR): 1.05; p < 0.001 in the literates], [OR: 1.06; p < 0.001 in the illiterates]), sex (OR: 0.13; p < 0.001 in the illiterates), history of stroke ([OR: 2.86; p = 0.006 in the literates], [OR: 2.04; p = 0.045 in the illiterates]), and depression ([OR: 1.87; p < 0.001 in the literates], [OR: 1.41; p = 0.008 in the illiterates]) were significantly associated with MCI.ConclusionThis study highlights the significant associations between age, education, depression, stroke, and MCI in Iranian participants. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions in low‐literacy populations, mental health screening, and stroke prevention strategies to mitigate the burden of MCI and enhance cognitive health.
Increasing stage and depth of invasion (DOI) in patients with tongue cancer during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A time series study
Authors: Akbari Maryam , Ahadi Samira , Karimi Ebrahim , Heidari Farrokh , Lotfi Maryam , Rezvan Sajjad , Mazarei Alireza , Beheshti Amin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThe outbreak of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic had a significant effect on the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck cancers. Therefore, in this study, we decided to discuss the impact of COVID‐19 on the stage and histological characteristics of patients with tongue cancer from March 2020 to March 2021 and compared to the previous 3 years.MethodsIn this time series study, patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the operated tongue cancer were divided into two groups. Patients who operated from March 2020 to March 2021 (n = 36) and patients who operated 3 years ago (n = 70) were included in the study. The results were analyzed using SPSS 21 software.ResultsThe study found that during the pandemic, the stage of tongue cancer in patients who underwent surgery was higher than before the pandemic (p = 0.01). Moreover, the depth of invasion was significantly higher during the COVID‐19 outbreak in the pathology sample of the patients (p = 0.006), while the involvement of lymph nodes and other variables between the groups was not statistically significant.ConclusionCOVID‐19 has adverse effects on the diagnosis and treatment of tongue cancer. Also, it leads to advanced stages of the tumor and increases the depth of invasion of the cancer. Hence, it is important to plan correctly and appropriately for the diagnosis and treatment of these patients in conditions such as the COVID‐19 pandemic.