bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Endothelium on the Anticoagulant Activity of a Covalent Antithrombin-Heparin Complex
Authors: Atkinson Helen M. , Stevic Ivan , Berry Leslie R. , Chan Anthony K. C. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

We have developed a covalent antithrombin-heparin complex (ATH) with superior anticoagulant properties compared to non-covalent antithrombin (AT) + unfractionated heparin (H). Previous in vitro investigations of ATH activity were done in the absence of endothelium. Since the endothelial surface can modulate hemostasis, we investigated the impact of endothelium on the anticoagulant capabilities of ATH and AT + H. Discontinuous second order rate constant (k2) inhibition assays of IIa and Xa by ATH and AT + H were performed in the presence and absence of endothelium. The effects of ATH and AT + H on IIa-initiated fibrin formation and plasma clot generation were also evaluated with and without endothelium present. ATH had an increased rate of direct inhibition of IIa and Xa compared to AT + H, and prevented IIa-induced fibrin formation to a greater degree. When compared at equal anti-Xa levels, ATH was less effective than AT + H at catalyzing inhibition of plasma clot generation. The presence of endothelium decreased the rate of IIa inhibition, and reduced clot time in IIa-induced fibrin formation and plasma clot generation assays. However, ATH maintained its relative efficacy compared to AT + H when endothelium was present. This supports the growing body of evidence suggesting ATH may be a beneficial anticoagulant for potential clinical use.
The usefulness of left and right ventricular GLS assessment and biomarker concentrations in cardiovascular risk stratification in patients qualified for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation due to hematopoietic and lymphoid malignancies – a pilot study description
Authors: Puła Bartosz , Kępski Jarosław , Misiewicz-Krzemińska Irena , Szmit Sebastian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Due to the cytostatic agents used and the risks associated with peri-transplant procedures, the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) procedure is considered a cardiovascular burden. We designed a pilot study to determine the clinical utility of the new ST2 marker and routinely assessed cardiac parameters in HSCT recipients. Based on the previous cardio-oncology experience in lung and prostate cancer, we can confirm the prognostic and predictive value of classic cardiac biomarkers and modern echocardiography parameters such as global longitudinal strain of the left and right ventricle. After conducting this pilot study, we can create a predictive and prognostic model for patients undergoing HSCT. This will greatly enrich our clinical practice, especially in treating older people.
Event-related potentials to single-letters and second-language reading proficiency
Authors: Takai Osamu , Small Jeff , Herdman Anthony T. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Proficient reading in a second language (L2) requires efficient processing of its orthographic symbols. We examined the relationship between a reader’s proficiency in English and electrophysiological markers of efficiency while processing English and Chinese orthographies. We recruited 49 adult late Chinese learners of English, who participated in an implicit single-letter processing task (alphabet letters vs. pseudoletters) and Chinese character processing task (characters vs. pseudocharacters) while an electroencephalogram measured their evoked potentials. The difference between letters and pseudoletters was manifested in the N170 and P2 ranges in a posterior-occipital distribution. The N170 pseudoletter effect in the left hemisphere correlated with L2 proficiency. We concluded that single-letter processing in L2 is still gaining efficiency as they learn to read English as a late-learn language. Future cross-linguistic investigations are necessary to determine whether this L2 effect generalizes to other L2 populations.
Genome sequencing analysis of the endophytic fungus Aspergillus tamarii TPD11
Authors: Zhang Qing , Liu Hai , Zhao Xiaojun , Yang Jili , Tang Weidi , Yang Ying , Chang Sheng , Cai Bo , Liu Juan , Zhu Yaoshun , Zhou Bo , Liu Tao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
The excavation and utilization of endophytic fungi from medicinal plants is of great importance for the development of new drugs. The endophytic fungus Aspergillus tamarii TPD11, which was isolated and obtained by the authors in the previous stage, can produce a variety of polyphyllin with important potential applications in hemostasis, inflammation and antitumor, however, the genomic information of TPD11 is still unknown.
Results
In this study, we sequenced and assembled the whole genome of the endophytic fungus A. tamarii TPD11, resolved the genomes of 24 Aspergillus for relationships, and phylogenetic analysis of the genomes of 16 strains revealed the evolutionary differences between Aspergillus and Penicillium and the mechanisms of genome expansion and contraction. CAZy annotation analysis showed that TPD11 obtains nutrients mainly by ingesting starch from the host plant. TPD11 has a biosynthetic gene cluster for the synthesis of squalestatin S1, and the silencing of this biosynthetic gene cluster might have a positive effect on increasing the content of polyphyllin. Annotation to 11 UDP-glycosyltransferase genes helps to further reveal the biosynthetic pathway of polyphyllin. In addition, secondary metabolism gene clusters and CAZy analysis confirmed the potential pro-biotic, insecticidal and antimicrobial activities of TPD11 on host plants.
Conclusions
This study reveals the intrinsic mechanism of endophytic fungi to promote the content of polyphyllin in paris, which provides a basis for the synthetic synthesis of the natural product polyphyllin.
Identification of differentially expressed genes and hub genes of human hosts with tuberculosis through an integrated bioinformatics and cell confirmation strategy
Authors: Yue Peng , Dong Yan , Ma Weijie , Xu Xin , Kong Jing , Chen Jingjing , Fan Yuxin , Liu Meixiao , Cao Wenjing , Wen Shiyuan , Li Binxue , Luo Lisha , Chen Taigui , Li Lianbao , Liu Aihua , Bao Fukai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused byM.tuberculosis. The immune defence mechanism of the body against tuberculosis is still unclear. We used four microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between samples from humans infected withM.tuberculosisand healthy controls group. Then, the host hub genes with a relatively high number of connections to other DEGs were identified by Cytoscape. Other bioinformatics methods are also performed, including protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and construction of miRNA–hub gene networks and transcription factors (TF)–hub gene networks. Finally, the expression of hub genes in macrophage infected byM.tuberculosiswas verified using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). A total of 46 DEGs were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that the biological functions of DEGs. Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed involvement of the genes in the NOD-like receptor and toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Five highly differentially expressed hub genes (STAT1, TLR7, CXCL8, CCR2, and CCL20) were identified. Finally, based on NetworkAnalyst's database, we constructed miRNA–hub gene networks and TF–hub gene networks.
Long-Term Effects of COVID-19 on School-Aged Adolescents in Iraq
Authors: Sadiq Alaa M. , Al-Amran Fadhil 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:This study investigates the long-term effects of COVID-19 on Iraqi adolescents aged 12-18, who are free from chronic conditions, across various provinces.Methods and Findings: A cohort of 2000 students was evaluated through physical, psychological, and academic assessments. The study revealed a significant presence of long-COVID symptoms, including fatigue and cognitive disturbances, across the cohort. Mental health assessments indicated heightened levels of anxiety and stress. Furthermore, a noticeable decline in academic performance was observed, particularly in regions with limited access to digital learning tools. These results highlight the multi-faceted impact of the pandemic on adolescents.Conclusions: The findings emphasize the need for holistic approaches that encompass health monitoring, mental health services, and educational support to mitigate the lingering effects of the pandemic on young individuals. Region-specific strategies are essential to address the diverse challenges faced by adolescents in different Iraqi provinces.
Rapid time-domain simulation of fractional capacitors with SPICE
Authors: Wilson Marcus , Cowie Logan , Farrow Vance , Cree Michael , Scott Jonathan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Fractional Capacitors, commonly called Constant-Phase Elements or CPEs, are used in modeling and control applications,for example for rechargable batteries. Unfortunately, they arenot natively supported in the well-used circuit simulator SPICE.This manuscript presents and demonstrates a modeling approach that allows users to incorporate these elements in circuits and model the response in the time domain. We use an array of RC elements in parallel to construct acircuit with SPICE that shows constant phase behavior across a definedfrequency range. We demonstrate that the circuit produces the required impedance spectrum in the frequency domain, and shows a power-law voltage response to a step change in current in the time domain, consistent with theory,and is able to reproduce the experimental voltage response to a complicated current profile in the time domain. The error dependson the chosen frequency limits and the number of RC branches, inaddition to very small SPICE numerical errors. We are able to define an optimum circuit description that minimizes error whilemaintaining a short computation time. The work allows a rapid and accurate evaluation of the response of CPEsin the time domain.
Phytotoxicity and plant uptake of decabromodiphenyl ethane under citric acid
Authors: 刘 瑞源 , Xie Hui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The novel brominated flame retardant decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE) has biological toxicity, persistence, long-range migration and bioaccumulation ability. However, there is currently a lack of research on the phytotoxicity of DBDPE to herbaceous plants. Therefore, this study selected the perennial herbaceous plant tall fescue as the model material and conducted outdoor seed germination experiments using soil contamination method to study the toxic effects of DBDPE on tall fescue seedlings. The results indicated that DBDPE significantly inhibited the germination of tall fescue seeds, and it had significant impact on the physiological and biochemical indicators and antioxidant enzyme activity of tall fescue seedlings. Citric acid could effectively alleviate the toxicity of DBDPE to tall fescue, and seedlings improved their tolerance to DBDPE stress by regulating the content of proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugar in cells. Compared with the control, there was no significant difference in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities in tall fescue seedlings, but catalase (CAT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were significantly increased. Tall fescue seedlings had certain bioaccumulation effect for DBDPE, with biological concentration factor (BCF) ranging from 4.28 to 18.38 and transfer factor (TF) ranging from 0.43 to 0.54, and DBDPE was mainly bio accumulated in the roots of tall fescue seedlings. The citric acid significantly promoted the bio concentration capacity of tall fescue seedlings for DBDPE. It provides theoretical support for the toxicity study of DBDPE on plants, and it provides certain research foundation for exploring the phytoremediation of DBDPE contaminated soil by tall fescue.
To Investigate Growth Factor Receptor Targets and Generate Cancer
Targeting Inhibitors
Authors: Basu Debroop , Pal Riya , Sarkar Maitrayee , Barma Soubhik , Halder Sumit , Roy Harekrishna , Nandi Sisir , Samadder Asmita 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) regulates multiple pathways, including Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), PI3/AKT, JAK/STAT pathway, etc. which has a significant role in the progression and metastasis of tumor. As RTK activation regulates numerous essential bodily processes, including cell proliferation and division, RTK dysregulation has been identified in many types of cancers. Targeting RTK is a significant challenge in cancer due to the abnormal upregulation and downregulation of RTK receptors subfamily EGFR, FGFR, PDGFR, VEGFR, and HGFR in the progression of cancer, which is governed by multiple RTK receptor signalling pathways and impacts treatment response and disease progression. In this review, an extensive focus has been carried out on the normal and abnormal signalling pathways of EGFR, FGFR, PDGFR, VEGFR, and HGFR and their association with cancer initiation and progression. These are explored as potential therapeutic cancer targets and therefore, the inhibitors were evaluated alone and merged with additional therapies in clinical trials aimed at combating global cancer.
Frequency Distribution of Depression and its Associated Factors among Pregnant Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Abbasi Zahra , Saghari Sam , Nashtifani Abdorrahman Harif , Daneshi Salman , Hushmandi Kiavash , Raesi Rasoul 
Published: December 2023

Aim:
This study aimed to determine the frequency distribution of depression and its associated factors among pregnant women.

Background:
Health is mentioned as a prerequisite for sustainable development in every society, and pregnant women play an irreplaceable role as the central axis of the health of society.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 102 pregnant women living in northeastern Iran, in 2021. The data was collected using an electronic questionnaire that included demographic questions and the Beck Depression Inventory items. Data analysis was done using SPSS-22 statistical software and independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Tukey's post hoc, and linear regression. A significance level of 0.05 was considered.

Results:
The mean depression score of pregnant women was 25.77 ± 6.62, with the majority (53.9%) suffering from moderate depression. The frequency distribution of depression was lower among university-educated women than those with lower-level degrees and among employed women than homemakers (P <0.05). The third trimester of pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of depression (P <0.001). The frequency distribution of depression increased with increasing numbers of children (P <0.001). Miscarriage, a family history of depression, an unwanted pregnancy, and the infliction of close relatives with COVID-19 all increased the risk of depression in women (P <0.05).

Conclusion:
Pregnancy during COVID-19 pandemic can be associated with potential complications for the embryo, mother, and child. Amid the current global COVID-19 Pandemic, all pregnant women must undergo routine screening for depression as part of their prenatal care.
The Maternal Outcome of Patients with COVID-19 and their babies in the first 24 hours of Birth
Authors: Salari Saeideh , Raesi Rasoul , Teimoori Niloofar , Jafarnejad AbuBakr , Daneshi Salman 
Published: December 2023

Aim:
This study investigates the maternal outcome of patients with COVID-19 and their babies in the first 24 hours of birth in 2021 in Ayatollah Kashani Hospital, Jiroft.

Background:
The widespread spread of Covid-19 was accompanied by concern about vulnerable groups of society such as pregnant women and infants. This group of people in society is susceptible to this disease due to the weakening of the immune system.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 81 pregnant women with COVID-19 in 2021 in Ayatollah Kashani Jiroft Hospital. The data collection tool was adjusted according to the maternal and neonatal outcomes, and the inclusion criteria included pregnancy over 34 weeks confirmed by ultrasound and infection with COVID-19 confirmed by PCR test. Data were collected using a checklist and maternal and neonatal outcomes were reported. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 25 software and the significance level was ≤ 0.05.

Results:
The prevalence of death in mothers with COVID-19 was 3.7%, in the present study, there was no higher rate of cesarean delivery, and 14.8% had premature delivery. The Apgar score of the examined infants at minute 0 was higher than 7, and infant death was not found, 18.5% were transferred to ICU and 29.6% had lung involvement.

Conclusion:
The results of this research showed that maternal complications, especially maternal death were more than expected but symptoms in infants did not significantly increase and infant death was not found in this study. However, it should be noted that the complications of COVID-19 in infants can be serious.
Health Information Seeking Behavior on Social Networking Sites and Self-Treatment: Pilot Survey Study
Authors: Silver Reginald A , Johnson Chandrika 
Published: December 2023

Background
Social networking site use and social network–based health information seeking behavior have proliferated to the point that the lines between seeking health information from credible social network–based sources and the decision to seek medical care or attempt to treat oneself have become blurred.

Objective
We contribute to emerging research on health information seeking behavior by investigating demographic factors, social media use for health information seeking purposes, and the relationship between health information seeking and occurrences of self-treatment.

Methods
Data were collected from an online survey in which participants were asked to describe sociodemographic factors about themselves, social media use patterns, perceptions about their motivations for health information seeking on social media platforms, and whether or not they attempted self-treatment after their social media–related health information seeking. We conducted a binomial logistic regression with self-treatment as a dichotomous categorical dependent variable.

Results
Results indicate that significant predictors of self-treatment based on information obtained from social networking sites include race, exercise frequency, and degree of trust in the health-related information received.

Conclusions
With an understanding of how sociodemographic factors might influence the decision to self-treat based on information obtained from social networking sites, health care providers can assist patients by educating them on credible social network–based sources of health information and discussing the importance of seeking medical advice from a health care provider.
HARNESSING THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN LANGUAGE ASSESSMENT: A SYSTEMATIC COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Authors: Al-Abbas Hidayatul Ummah Al-Imamah , Halim Halim Halim , Nurjati Nunung Nurjati 
Published: December 2023

This comprehensive review explores the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in language assessment and its transformative potential. Language assessment plays a vital role in education, employment, and societal integration. Language assessment has traditionally relied on human evaluators, who assess and score language performance based on standardized criteria. However, this manual assessment approach has limitations, including subjectivity, inter-rater variability, and scalability issues. With the rapid advancements in AI technologies, language assessment has experienced significant changes, offering more accurate, efficient, and innovative evaluation methods. The method used in this study is systematic review which critically examines the application of AI in language assessment, highlighting its benefits, challenges, and future prospects. The review covers various aspects, including automated scoring and evaluation, intelligent tutoring systems, natural language processing, advantages and benefits, challenges and considerations, and future directions. By harnessing the use of AI, language assessment can achieve unprecedented levels of objectivity, scalability, and personalization, while addressing ethical considerations. This review contributes to the understanding of AI's impact on language
IDENTIFIKASI YURIDIS PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP PERJUDIAN ONLINE DI INDONESIA
Authors: Indah Novita Sari Septi , Nur Hidayah Tiara 
Published: December 2023

Quick mechanical advances in the ongoing time frame have given tremendous open doors to hoodlums to do exercises that disregard the law. One of these crimes is betting, which has moved to the internet-based domain, ordinarily known as internet betting. To successfully handle the pervasiveness of electronic betting wrongdoing, it is essential to recognize the hidden variables that contribute to its rise and foster proper countermeasures. This study plans to investigate policing, hindering variables for policing, and methodologies for conquering internet betting wrongdoings. This study utilizes a standardizing juridical methodology that is supplemented by an observational juridical methodology. Data gathering was helped out through broad writing research, while subjective examination was utilized to process and decipher the data. Research result show that the insightful cycle for internet betting wrongdoings is basically completed by the Directorate of Cybercrime and the Public Police. Likewise, the state digital and figure organization is responsible for directing and overseeing web use in Indonesia. As far as countermeasures against web-based betting wrongdoings, policing utilizes a mix of preventive and oppressive measures to battle these infringements.
Abstrak
Kemajuan mekanis yang cepat dalam kerangka waktu yang sedang berlangsung telah memberikan peluang besar bagi para penjahat untuk melakukan kegiatan yang mengabaikan hukum. Salah satu kejahatan tersebut adalah judi yang telah berpindah ke ranah berbasis internet yang biasa dikenal dengan judi online. Untuk berhasil menangani maraknya pelanggaran perjudian elektronik, penting untuk mengenali faktor-faktor tersembunyi yang menambah kebangkitannya dan mendorong tindakan pencegahan yang tepat. Studi ini berencana untuk menyelidiki pemolisian, variabel penghambat pemolisian, dan metodologi untuk mengatasi kesalahan perjudian internet. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi yuridis normatif yang dilengkapi dengan metodologi yuridis observasional. Pengumpulan data dibantu melalui penelitian tertulis yang luas, sedangkan pemeriksaan subjektif digunakan untuk mengolah dan menguraikan data. Penemuan menunjukkan bahwa siklus wawasan untuk kejahatan judi online pada dasarnya diselesaikan oleh Direktorat Cybercrime, Kepolisian Umum. Demikian juga dengan organisasi digital dan figur negara yang bertanggung jawab mengarahkan dan mengawasi penggunaan web di Indonesia. Sejauh tindakan pencegahan terhadap kesalahan perjudian online, kepolisian menggunakan kombinasi tindakan pencegahan dan penindasan untuk melawan pelanggaran ini.