bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of service separation on value: A longitudinal study of user and provider experiences in a mental health service
Authors: Leite Higor , Hodgkinson Ian R. , Volochtchuk Ana Vitória Lachowski 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDigital innovations are changing how public organizations deliver services through the creation of service separation. Service separation refers to the decoupling of service production and consumption in digital platforms, which affects both users and providers alike. Since the global pandemic, service separation has become established in many healthcare settings, though little is known about how it has been experienced by service actors in specialist service settings such as mental healthcare. Positioned at the (sub)micro‐level of service interaction, our study provides a dual view of service separation to reveal its influence on value (co)creation and potential for value destruction in a 12‐month longitudinal study. The findings draw on three waves of semi‐structured interviews (n = 67), an end‐of‐study focus group with patients and psychologists, and qualitative diary entries. Integrating service actors' attitudes, beliefs, and experiences over time, the article presents the Service Separation Value Journey to show how digital service separation shapes value creation/destruction in specialized healthcare settings.
On nation, homeland, and democracy: Toward a novel three‐factor measurement model for nationalism and patriotism. Evidence from two representative studies
Authors: Mußotter Marlene 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article calls for revisiting the predominant yet flawed nationalism‐patriotism dichotomy, which has to date remained unchallenged. It advocates for a more nuanced triad: nationalism, exclusively referring to the nation; patriotism, revolving around the homeland; and democratic patriotism, with democracy as its object of attachment. This novel conceptual approach explicitly theorizes these three objects of attachment, which have hitherto rarely been considered. In so doing, the article synthesizes the field's predominant research traditions that have not been fully recognized as diverging nor been simultaneously investigated. By responding to calls for more theoretically robust measures, it not only makes a theoretical but also an empirical contribution to the field. Drawing on data from a representative sample (N = 1875) in Germany in 2022, the study introduces a three‐factor measurement model of nationalism, patriotism, and democratic patriotism. Taking into account both the antecedents of the triad and its impact on outgroup hostility, the measures are further validated. To establish its applicability in non‐German contexts, the model is additionally supported using data from a representative sample (N = 1164) in Denmark in 2022.
Decision‐making involvement and onset of cognitive impairment in community‐dwelling older care recipients: a 2‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Komatsu Ayane , Nakagawa Takeshi , Noguchi Taiji , Jin Xueying , Okahashi Sayaka , Saito Tami 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe decision‐making of older adults and people with dementia is attracting more attention among healthcare professionals. While cognitive impairment has been examined as a factor related to decision‐making, it can also be assumed that involvement in decision‐making leads to the maintenance of cognitive function. This study examined the association of the decision‐making process with the onset of cognitive impairment.MethodsWe analyzed data from a 2‐year longitudinal panel survey of community‐dwelling care recipients aged ≥65 years in Japan. The sample included 406 participants who responded to both baseline and follow‐up surveys, were cognitively intact at baseline, and had no missing cognitive impairment data regarding onset at follow‐up. The status of decision‐making involvement was assessed using a single item and classified into four categories: ‘very involved,’ ‘less involved,’ ‘unclear about desired care,’ and ‘having no one to share the decision.’ResultsAmong the participants (women, 65.0%; ≥75 years old: 68.2%), the incidence of cognitive impairment during the follow‐up was 26.6%. Multivariable logistic regression showed that, compared with highly involved participants, those who lacked clarity about desired care were more likely to develop an onset of cognitive impairment (odds ratio: 5.49; 95% confidence interval: 1.63–18.54; P = 0.006).ConclusionEven among cognitively intact care recipients, those who are not able to formulate their desired care may be at risk of cognitive decline. Therefore, support for the decision‐making process, not limited to the final decision, is essential to improving the prognosis of community‐dwelling care recipients.
The differential pattern of associations between nighttime sleep disturbances with dimensions of daytime sleepiness in community‐dwelling older adults, the Yilan study, Taiwan
Authors: Chen Ching , Hsu Nai‐Wei , Chen Hsi‐Chung 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe association between nighttime sleep disturbance and daytime sleepiness remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the relationships between various domains of nighttime sleep disturbance, daytime sleepiness, and their specific dimensions.MethodsThis was a community‐based cross‐sectional study. The participants were adults aged 65 years and older from Yilan City, Taiwan. Daytime sleepiness (DS) was defined using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) with scores ≥ 11. The ESS dimensions were further examined using exploratory factor analysis. The highest 15% factor scores for each factor were defined as factor‐specific DS. Various domains of nighttime sleep disturbance were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the independent relationships among various nighttime sleep disturbances, ESS, and its dimensions.ResultsOf the 2585 participants, a total of 59.0% were women. Two factors were identified by exploratory factor analysis and were designated as ‘passive factor’ and ‘active factor’. Multiple logistic regression analyses elucidated that short sleep duration was a common risk indicator for ESS‐defined (odds ratio (OR): 2.01; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.43–2.83), passive factor‐defined (OR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.65–3.00), and active factor‐defined DS (OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.07–2.00). Hypnotic use was associated with a lower risk of both ESS‐defined (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.47–0.92) and passive factor‐defined DS (OR:0.69, 95% CI: 0.52–0.92). Bathroom use (OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.04–1.91), coughing or snoring (OR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.01–4.56), and sleep efficiency (OR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.31–0.57) were uniquely associated with active factor‐defined DS.ConclusionTwo factors were identified in the ESS, revealing factor‐specific correlates of DS. Specifically, ESS‐ and passive factor‐defined DS shared similar correlates. In contrast, some correlates seem unique to active‐factor‐defined DS.
Inequality in Russia over time and over the life cycle
Authors: Bryukhanov Maksym , Hryshko Dmytro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUsing Russian longitudinal data for 1994–2018, we document a secular decline in consumption and income inequality. Although within‐cohort inequality is also declining, the life‐cycle inequality profiles of income and consumption are surprisingly flat. A calibrated life‐cycle model with incomplete markets, high initial variance of the persistent income component, and moderately persistent income shocks is consistent with nearly flat life‐cycle inequality profiles and the puzzlingly large insurance role of assets found in the Russian data. This is in contrast to the standard calibrations that fail to match the life‐cycle inequality profiles and the panel‐data evidence on consumption insurance.
Effect of intake of probiotics and probiotic fermented foods on clinical outcomes among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Oyadiran Oluwafemi Temitayo , Ogunlade Samuel Busayo , Okusanya Temitayo Rebecca , Okoka Elile Monisola , Kuyebi Moshood Abiodun , Omotayo Moshood Olanrewaju , Abioye Ajibola Ibraheem 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study was to determine the effect of probiotics and of probiotic‐fermented foods on CD4 T‐cell count, viral load, anaemia and body mass index (BMI) among people living with HIV (PLHIV).MethodsIn this article, we systematically reviewed the evidence on the influence of probiotic supplementation on CD4 lymphocyte count, viral load and anaemia among PLHIV on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and those who were HAART‐naive. Medical literature databases identified randomised trials and pre‐post studies of probiotic supplementation and HIV‐related outcomes, and random effects meta‐analysis was conducted.ResultsThe preponderance of the evidence suggests that probiotic supplementation only improved CD4 lymphocyte count modestly, with quantitatively greater impact among individuals who were HAART‐naive compared to HAART‐experienced individuals. Probiotic supplementation improved CD4 lymphocyte count by 53 cells/mm3 (95% CI: 22 to 85) from 18 studies. Probiotic supplementation however reduced haemoglobin concentration by −2.1 g/L (95% CI: −4.0 to −0.2). Although viral load remain unchanged in HAART‐experienced participants following probiotic supplementation, HAART‐naïve participants saw a decrease in viral load. There were too few studies on the impact of probiotic supplementation on viral load (N = 1).ConclusionProbiotic supplementation resulted in a modest increase in CD4 lymphocyte count among HAART‐naive individuals with no significant change observed among HAART‐experienced ones. Viral load and haemoglobin concentration also remained unchanged following probiotic supplementation. Further rigorous and well‐powered studies may evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation on important clinical outcomes among PLHIV on HAART.
Tumour necrosis factor‐α induces C‐C motif chemokine ligand 5 production in canine keratinocytes
Authors: Takahashi Kaho , Okazawa Taiga , Shingaki Tomoaki , Furuya Keiko , Kimura Junpei , Ohmori Keitaro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundC‐C motif chemokine ligand (CCL)5 induces skin inflammation in healthy dogs. In addition, CCL5 is overexpressed in the skin of experimental models of canine atopic dermatitis (cAD). Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α has been shown to be upregulated in cAD. However, it remains unclear whether TNF‐α induces CCL5 production in canine keratinocytes.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo determine the effect of TNF‐α on CCL5 production in canine keratinocyte culture and investigate possible synergy with interferon (IFN)‐γ and interleukin (IL)‐4.Materials and MethodsCCL5 protein concentrations were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the culture supernatant of a cell line of canine progenitor epidermal keratinocyte (CPEK) cells stimulated with TNF‐α with or without inhibitors of the TNF receptor signalling pathway. CCL5 protein concentrations also were measured in CPEK cells stimulated with TNF‐α in the absence or presence of IFN‐γ, a T‐helper (Th)1‐type cytokine, and/or IL‐4, a Th2‐type cytokine.ResultsTNF‐α increased CCL5 production in CPEK cells in time‐ and dose‐dependent manners. Inhibitors of the TNF receptor signalling pathway diminished CCL5 production. Although neither IFN‐γ nor IL‐4 alone induced CCL5 production in CPEK cells, the combination of TNF‐α and IFN‐γ, and not IL‐4, synergistically enhanced CCL5 production in these cells.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceTNF‐α may be involved in skin inflammation in dogs by promoting CCL5 production in keratinocytes. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of TNF‐α and IFN‐γ suggests that the local Th1‐type milieu may aggravate skin inflammation. Further studies are required to elucidate the role of TNF‐α‐induced CCL5 production of keratinocytes in the pathogenesis of cAD.
Cutaneous anaphylactoid reaction to polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil in dogs
Authors: Sugiyama Yukina , Kawarai Shinpei , Ansai Shinichi , Bist Pradeep , Abraham Soman N. , Maruo Takuya 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPolyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil (HCO ethoxylates) is a nonionic surfactant used as an excipient for ointments and injections in human and veterinary drugs. Several polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivatives can be obtained depending on the number of moles of ethylene oxide (EO). HCO ethoxylates have the potential to cause anaphylactoid reactions. There is little published information about these types of reactions in dogs.ObjectiveTo determine the potential for HCO‐ethoxylate‐containing drugs to cause anaphylactoid reactions in dogs, employing intradermal testing (IDT) with various concentrations of HCO ethoxylates (HCO‐25, ‐40, ‐60 and ‐80).AnimalsFour healthy male laboratory dogs.Materials and MethodsWe performed IDT with drugs containing HCO ethoxylates and HCO ethoxylates alone to determine threshold concentrations. The IDT scores and threshold concentrations were compared. Analysis of skin biopsies from IDT sites was used to measure the percentage of degranulated mast cells. The effect of histamine at IDT sites was investigated by pre‐treatment with an antihistamine.ResultsAll HCO‐ethoxylate‐containing drugs caused a wheal‐and‐flare reaction. The threshold concentrations (0.001% and 0.00001%) of each HCO‐ethoxylate depended on the number of moles of EO (p < 0.05). Mast cell degranulation was enhanced by all HCO ethoxylates. The HCO‐60‐induced reaction was suppressed by an oral antihistamine.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThe threshold concentration can serve as a consideration for developing safe new drug formulations and for clinical decision‐making around using drugs containing PEG derivatives. IDT is useful to predict the risk of adverse effects. Antihistamines could demonstrate a prophylactic effect.
Evolution of influenza A viruses in exhibition swine and transmission to humans, 2013–2015
Authors: Szablewski Christine M. , McBride Dillon S. , Trock Susan C. , Habing Gregory G. , Hoet Armando E. , Nelson Sarah W. , Nolting Jacqueline M. , Bowman Andrew S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsSwine are a mixing vessel for the emergence of novel reassortant influenza A viruses (IAV). Interspecies transmission of swine‐origin IAV poses a public health and pandemic risk. In the United States, the majority of zoonotic IAV transmission events have occurred in association with swine exposure at agricultural fairs. Accordingly, this human‐animal interface necessitates mitigation strategies informed by understanding of interspecies transmission mechanisms in exhibition swine. Likewise, the diversity of IAV in swine can be a source for novel reassortant or mutated viruses that pose a risk to both swine and human health.Methods and ResultsIn an effort to better understand those risks, here we investigated the epidemiology of IAV in exhibition swine and subsequent transmission to humans by performing phylogenetic analyses using full genome sequences from 272 IAV isolates collected from exhibition swine and 23 A(H3N2)v viruses from human hosts during 2013–2015. Sixty‐seven fairs (24.2%) had at least one pig test positive for IAV with an overall estimated prevalence of 8.9% (95% CI: 8.3–9.6, Clopper‐Pearson). Of the 19 genotypes found in swine, 5 were also identified in humans. There was a positive correlation between the number of human cases of a genotype and its prevalence in exhibition swine. Additionally, we demonstrated that A(H3N2)v viruses clustered tightly with exhibition swine viruses that were prevalent in the same year.ConclusionsThese data indicate that multiple genotypes of swine‐lineage IAV have infected humans, and highly prevalent IAV genotypes in exhibition swine during a given year are also the strains detected most frequently in human cases of variant IAV. Continued surveillance and rapid characterization of IAVs in exhibition swine can facilitate timely phenotypic evaluation and matching of candidate vaccine strains to those viruses present at the human‐animal interface which are most likely to spillover into humans.
Arithmetics of homogeneous spaces over p$p$‐adic function fields
Authors: Linh Nguyen Manh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLet be the function field of a smooth projective geometrically integral curve over a finite extension of . Following the works of Harari, Scheiderer, Szamuely, Izquierdo, and Tian, we study the local–global and weak approximation problems for homogeneous spaces of with geometric stabilizers extension of a group of multiplicative type by a unipotent group. The tools used are arithmetic (local and global) duality theorems in Galois cohomology, in combination with techniques similar to those used by Harari, Szamuely, Colliot‐Thélène, Sansuc, and Skorobogatov. As a consequence, we show that any finite abelian group is a Galois group over , rediscovering the positive answer to the abelian case of the inverse Galois problem over . In the case where the curve is defined over a higher dimensional local field instead of a finite extension of , coarser results are also given.
Characterization of the null energy condition via displacement convexity of entropy
Authors: Ketterer Christian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe characterize the null energy condition for an ‐dimensional, time‐oriented Lorentzian manifold in terms of convexity of the relative ‐Renyi entropy along displacement interpolations on null hypersurfaces. More generally, we also consider Lorentzian manifolds with a smooth weight function and introduce the Bakry–Emery ‐null energy condition that we characterize in terms of null displacement convexity of the relative ‐Renyi entropy. As application we then revisit Hawking's area monotonicity theorem for a black hole horizon and the Penrose Singularity Theorem from the viewpoint of this characterization and in the context of weighted Lorentzian manifolds.
Experimental Investigation of Additional Loss Associated With Incoming Wakes in Low-Pressure Turbine Cascades
Authors: Kodama Hidekazu , Funazaki Ken-ichi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The present paper aims to experimentally investigate the influence of wake-passing frequency, Reynolds number, and suction surface diffusion rate on the additional loss due to incoming wakes to the profile loss in the low-pressure turbine (LPT) cascades and discuss a design guide for reducing the additional loss. Using a moving-bar mechanism, the unsteady effects of incoming wakes were measured in a low-speed linear turbine cascade facility. The wake-passing frequency was varied by adjusting the moving-bar speed. The different airfoils with different surface velocity distributions were tested to examine the effect of suction surface diffusion rate. For each test case in an unsteady flow condition, the additional loss due to incoming wakes was derived by subtracting the profile loss from the measured total pressure loss across the cascade. Here, the profile loss was estimated by using the friction drag force, which was calculated by the measured surface velocity distribution, and the pressure drag force, which was calculated by the measured surface pressure distribution and the predicted base pressure. The resultant additional loss includes all kinds of losses associated with incoming wakes, such as mixing loss of incoming wakes enhanced in the blade passage and unsteady interaction loss between incoming wakes and surface boundary layers. It was demonstrated that in an unsteady flow condition, a substantial performance improvement was obtained in the entire Reynolds number range by applying the surface velocity distribution with no laminar separation to a low-solidity blade row.
Unsteady Investigation of Intermediate Turbine Ducts Under the Influence of Purge Flows
Authors: Merli Filippo , Krajnc Nicolas , Hafizovic Asim , Schien Malte , Göttlich Emil 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The aerodynamic flow field at the outlet of a high-pressure turbine (HPT) stage in a modern turbofan engine is highly unsteady and strongly influenced by periodic fluctuations from the HPT rotor, also interacting with the HPT stationary vanes. Downstream of the last HPT stage, the flow enters the intermediate turbine duct (ITD), where new unsteady components are generated, due to the interaction between the incoming flow and the struts supporting the ITD. This paper illustrates the differences between the unsteady flow behavior in two state-of-the-art ITD configurations for turbofan engines: the turbine center frame and the turbine vane frame. The experimental results discussed in this work are obtained in the Transonic Test Turbine Facility, situated at Graz University of Technology, Austria. To achieve engine-representative operating conditions at the ITD inlet and outlet sections, the tested setups include not only the duct, but also the last HPT stage and the first low-pressure turbine stage row. Additionally, the test rig features a secondary air supply system, capable of feeding purge air to every stator–rotor cavity in the test vehicle. Unsteady measurement data at the inlet and outlet of the two duct configurations are acquired with fast-response aerodynamic pressure probes, for two purge flow conditions. Azimuthal mode decomposition is applied to phase-averaged data at selected radial positions, to isolate and quantify the contribution of different interaction modes to the overall unsteady flow field.
Dissolved organic phosphorus promotes
Cyclotella
growth and adaptability in eutrophic tropical estuaries
Authors: Liu Jiaxing , Ding Xiang , Xia Xiaomin , Zhou Linbin , Liu Weiwei , Lai Yanjiao , Ke Zhixin , Tan Yehui 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) is an important nutrient for phytoplankton growth in oligotrophic oceans. However, little is known about the impact of DOP on phytoplankton growth in eutrophic waters. In the present study, we conducted field monitoring as well as
in situ
and laboratory experiments in the Pearl River estuary (PRE). Field observations showed an increase in the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio and DOP in recent years in the PRE. The phytoplankton community was dominated by nanophytoplankton
Cyclotella
in the upper and middle estuary, with high concentrations of DOP and light limitation during the ebb stage of the spring to neap tide in summer. The relative abundance of
Cyclotella
in natural waters was higher after enrichment with estuarine water with a background of 0.40–0.46 µM DOP
,
even when dissolved inorganic phosphorus was sufficient (0.55–0.76 µM). In addition, the relative abundance of
Cyclotella
in natural waters was higher after enrichment with phosphoesters. Laboratory culture results also confirmed that phosphoesters can enhance the growth rate of
Cyclotella cryptica
. Our study highlights that
Cyclotella
can become the dominant species in estuaries with increased levels of phosphoesters and low and fluctuating light adaptability and under the joint effect of dynamic processes such as upwelling and tides. Our results provide new insights into the role of
Cyclotella
in biogeochemical cycles affected by DOP utilization and potential applications in relieving the hypoxia of tropical eutrophic estuaries.

IMPORTANCE

This study provides evidence that
Cyclotella
can become the dominant species in estuaries with increased levels of phosphoesters and low and fluctuating light adaptability and under the joint effect of dynamic processes such as upwelling and tides. Our study provides new insights into the role of
Cyclotella
in biogeochemical cycles affected by dissolved organic phosphorus utilization, especially affected by anthropogenic inputs and climate change. Potential applications include relieving the hypoxia of tropical eutrophic estuaries.