bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel In situ Recognition of Misalignment between Mating Parts in Robotic Assembly Processes
Authors: Kim W. S. , Cho H. S. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractA visual sensing system is utilized mainly to estimate the misalignment
between mating parts, the recognition of which is the integral part of any
assembly process. The recognition, however, requires the information on the
state of the misalignment that includes the shapes of parts in mating motion
and instantaneous relative position and angular orientation between mating
parts. Normally, this information has been given in advance by an operator
to facilitate assembly action. Therefore, in order to recognize the assembly
state in sequence without intervention of an operator, it requires an effective
sensing system and algorithm capable of working well even without
a priori information on part shape and location. In this paper, we
propose a novel system that can assemble parts under such uncertain environments.
The system, composed of an omnidirectional sensing module and a recognition
module, is capable of acquiring information on the sequential state of parts
assembly motion from which instantaneous, relative location and orientation
between the mating parts can be determined. Since the system does not utilize
a priori knowledge on the shape of mating parts, it greatly reduces
the degree of human intervention, thus increasing autonomy and flexibility.
To evaluate the performance of the proposed system, a series of assembly experiments
are performed. The results show that the proposed system, indeed, demonstrates
effectiveness of vision guided assembly action. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals,
Inc.
Translational Parallel Manipulators: New Proposals
Authors: Di Gregorio Raffaele 
Published: November 2002

AbstractTranslational parallel manipulators are parallel manipulators wherein the
end‐effector performs only spatial translations. This paper presents a new
family of translational parallel manipulators. The manipulators of this family
are independent constraint manipulators. They have three limbs that are topologically
identical and have no rotation singularity. The limbs of these manipulators
feature five one‐degree‐of‐freedom kinematic pairs in series. Four joints
are revolute pairs and the remaining one, called T‐pair, is a kinematic pair
that can be manufactured in different ways. In each limb, three adjacent revolute
pairs have parallel axes and the remaining revolute pair has an axis that
is not parallel to the axes of the other revolute pairs. The mobility analysis
of the manipulators of this new family is addressed by taking into account
two different choices for the actuated pairs. One of the results of this analysis
is that the geometry of a translational parallel manipulator free from singularities
can be defined for a particular choice of the actuated pairs. © 2002
Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
hetL
Overexpression Stimulates Heterocyst Formation in
Anabaena
sp. Strain PCC 7120
Authors: Liu Duan , Golden James W. 
Published: November 2002

ABSTRACT

The cyanobacterium
Anabaena
sp. strain PCC 7120 forms single heterocysts about every 10 to 15 vegetative cells along filaments. PatS is thought to be a peptide intercellular signal made by developing heterocysts that prevents neighboring cells from differentiating. Overexpression of the
patS
gene suppresses heterocyst formation. The
hetL
gene (all3740) was isolated in a genetic screen to identify genes involved in PatS signaling. Extracopy
hetL
allowed heterocyst formation in a
patS
overexpression strain.
hetL
overexpression from a heterologous promoter in wild-type
Anabaena
PCC 7120 induced multiple-contiguous heterocysts (Mch) in nitrate-containing medium. The predicted HetL protein is composed almost entirely of pentapeptide repeats with a consensus of A(D/N)L*X, where * is a polar amino acid. Thirty
Anabaena
PCC 7120 genes contain this repeat motif. A synthetic pentapeptide corresponding to the last 5 amino acids of PatS, which suppresses heterocyst formation in the wild type, did not suppress heterocyst formation in a
hetL
overexpression strain, indicating that HetL overexpression is affecting heterocyst regulation downstream of PatS production. The transcription regulator NtcA is required for the initiation of heterocyst formation.
hetL
overexpression allowed the initiation of heterocyst development in an
ntcA
-null mutant, but differentiation was incomplete.
hetR
and
hetC
mutations that block heterocyst development are epistatic to
hetL
overexpression. A
hetL
-null mutant showed normal heterocyst development and diazotrophic growth, which could indicate that it is not normally involved in regulating development, that it normally plays a nonessential accessory role, or perhaps that its loss is compensated by cross talk or redundancy with other pentapeptide repeat proteins.
EDITORIAL
Authors: PAL NIKHIL R. , PAL SRIMANTA 
Published: November 2002

Irrespective of the way computational intelligence (CI) is defined, its components should have the following characteristics: considerable potential in solving real world problems, ability to learn from experience, capability of self-organizing, and ability of adapting in response to dynamically changing conditions and constraints. To summarize, it should display aspects of intelligent behavior as observed in humans. In view of these, we assume that the major ingredients of a computational intelligence system are artificial neural networks, fuzzy sets, rough sets, and evolutionary computation. Some other components that may be parts of computational intelligence (CI) systems are artificial life and immuno computing. It is a synergistic combination of all these components.
Occupational injuries among Boston bicycle messengers
Authors: Dennerlein Jack Tigh , Meeker John D. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractBackgroundUrban bicycle couriers may have a high incidence of injuries. Most messengers work as contractors and hence their injuries are not well documented.MethodsTo quantify injury rates and severity among urban bicycle couriers a convenience sample of 113 couriers in the city of Boston completed a two‐page self‐administered survey.ResultsMost working couriers have suffered at least one injury resulting either in days lost from work (70%) and in visits to a health‐care professional or hospital (55%). The annual incidence rate for injuries resulting in days away from work was 47/100‐bike couriers. Bone fractures accounted for the most days lost from work, followed by dislocations, sprains, and strains. Collisions and avoiding collisions with motor vehicles, including being “doored,” and collisions with pedestrians accounted for the majority (66%) of events leading to injury. Twenty‐four percent of messengers reported wearing a helmet on a regular basis, and 32% have health insurance.ConclusionsUrban bicycle messengers are a poorly documented, largely unstudied workforce who suffer a very high rate of occupational injury. Am. J. Ind. Med. 42:519–525, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: Linkage to chromosome 6p12 in Mexico families
Authors: Bai Dongsheng , Alonso Maria E. , Medina Marco T. , Bailey Julia N. , Morita Ryoji , Cordova Sergio , Rasmussen Astrid , Ramos‐Peek Jaime , Ochoa Adriana , Jara Aurelio , Donnadieu Francisco R. , Cadena Gilbert , Yamakawa Kazuhiro , Delgado‐Escueta Antonio V. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractJuvenile myoclonic epilepsy is a common subtype of idiopathic epilepsy accounting for 4–11% of all epilepsies. We reported previously significant evidence of linkage between chromosome 6p12–11 microsatellites and the clinical epilepsy and EEG traits of JME families from Belize and Los Angeles. To narrow the JME region, we ascertained and genotyped 31 new JME families from Mexico using a later generation of Généthon microsatellites. Two point linkage analyses obtained significant Zmax values of 3.70 for D6S1573 and 2.65 for D6S1714 at θm = f = 0.10, and 3.49 for D6S465, 2.11 for D6S1960 at θm = f = 0.05 assuming autosomal dominant inheritance with 70% age‐dependent penetrance. Multipoint LOD score curve peaked at 4.21 for D6S1573. Haplotype and recombination analysis reduced the JME region to 3.5 cM flanked by D6S272 and D6S1573. These results provide confirmatory evidence that a major susceptibility gene for JME exists in chromosome 6p12 in Spanish‐Amerinds of Mexico. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association of ulcerative colitis with the inflammatory bowel disease susceptibility locus IBD2 in non‐Jewish Caucasians and evidence of genetic heterogeneity among racial and ethnic populations with Crohn disease
Authors: Uthoff Sonja M.S. , Crawford Nigel P.S. , Eichenberger M. Robert , Hamilton Crystal J. , Petras Robert E. , Martin Eden R. , Galandiuk Susan 
Published: November 2002

AbstractGenomewide scanning has been used to identify chromosomal regions encoding susceptibility loci to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The greatest evidence for linkage to IBD has been reported for a region of chromosome 12q14 surrounding the microsatellite marker D12S83, with a logarithm of odds score of 5.47 and a positive transmission disequilibrium test, and which was subsequently named IBD2. We wished to confirm this locus by genotyping the highly polymorphic microsatellites D12S1022, D12S1056, and D12S83, spanning a continuous region on chromosome 12 of 342 kb, in a cohort of nonrelated individuals with ulcerative colitis (89 patients), Crohn disease (121 patients), and population‐based control subjects (100 patients). In non‐Jewish Caucasians, one D12S1022 allele, one D12S1056 genotype, and three D12S83 alleles were found to have statistically significant differences in distribution between the two disease groups and the control population. These data support a significant association of IBD with the IBD2 locus in close vicinity to the three markers studied. The replication of genetic risk loci in a case control association study may indicate susceptibility genes in this region and may facilitate identification of candidate genes for IBD. Subgroup analysis revealed a notable difference in genotype distribution among Jewish Caucasian and African American patients affected with Crohn disease when compared with similarly affected non‐Jewish Caucasians. Using Fisher exact test, statistically significant distribution differences were observed for D12S1022 and D12S83. These data indicate that there may be significant genetic heterogeneity between different ethnic and racial IBD populations or may simply reflect differences in marker allele frequencies among populations. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Extraction of phyllanthusols A and B from Phyllanthus acidus and analysis by capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Durham D. G. , Reid R. G. , Wangboonskul J. , Daodee S. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractExtracts of roots Phyllanthus acidus were examined by free zone capillary electrophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC), and MEKC using the sweeping technique which involves application of a negative potential to the inlet end of the capillary and very much longer than conventional injection times. The latter technique, using a buffer of 50 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate (pH 2) containing 80 mM sodium dodecylsulphate and 30% methanol was found to allow complete resolution of the active constituents of P. acidus, phyllanthusols A and B, from each other and from other extracted components in under 30 min. Several other components could be detected when hydrodynamic injection times of 500 s were used. The separation, combined with an appropriate extraction procedure and using an internal standard of proguanil, permitted quantification of both phyllanthusols. Calibrations were linear over the range 2–8 µg/mL for phyllanthusol A, and 1–4 µg/mL for phyllanthusol B. Within‐day and day‐to‐day repeatability RSDs were below 10%, and the precision of extraction RSD was around 14%. The limits of quantification and detection were 0.55 and 0.24 µg/mL, respectively. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Irreducible plane curves with the Albanese dimension 2
Authors: Tokunaga Hiro-o 
Published: November 2002

Let

B
B

be a plane curve given by an equation

F
(

X

0

,

X

1

,

X

2

)
=
0

F(X_{0}, X_{1}, X_{2}) = 0

, and let

B

a

B_{a}

be the affine plane curve given by

f
(
x
,
y
)
=
F
(
1
,
x
,
y
)
=
0

f(x, y) = F(1,x, y) = 0

. Let

S

n

S_{n}

denote a cyclic covering of

P

2

{\mathbf {P}}^{2}

determined by

z

n

=
f
(
x
,
y
)

z^{n} = f(x, y)

. The number

max

n
∈

N

(
dim
⁡
ℑ
(

S

n

→
Alb
⁡
(

S

n

)
)
)

\max _{ n \in {\mathbf {N}}} \left ( \operatorname {dim} \Im (S_{n} \to \operatorname {Alb} (S_{n})) \right )

is called the Albanese dimension of

B

a

B_{a}

. In this article, we shall give examples of

B

a

B_{a}

with the Albanese dimension 2.
Increased reporting of occupational hearing loss: Workers' compensation in Washington State, 1984–1998
Authors: Daniell William E. , Fulton‐Kehoe Deborah , Cohen Martin , Swan Susan S. , Franklin Gary M. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractBackgroundWorkers' compensation claims for hearing loss increased two‐fold during 1984–1991 in Washington State.MethodsThis population‐based descriptive study examined 27,019 claims filed during 1984–1998 and accepted for hearing loss, in the workers' compensation jurisdiction that covers nearly all non‐federal workers in Washington State.ResultsThe number of claims increased 12‐fold during 1984–1998. The annual incidence reached 2.6/1,000 workers statewide, and 70/1,000 in the most impacted industry. The increase involved all ages over 35 years, especially claimants over 65 years. Only 4% of providers accounted for 66% of claims. Most claimants (90%) received permanent partial disability compensation. In 1998, identifiable costs exceeded $57 million dollars.ConclusionsThe striking increase in claims is probably largely due to reporting phenomena unrelated to current work circumstances. However, occupational hearing loss is probably much more common than usually recognized, and contemporary workers may still face substantial risk for hearing loss. Am. J. Ind. Med. 42:502–510, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Autism, regression, and the broader autism phenotype
Authors: Lainhart Janet E. , Ozonoff Sally , Coon Hilary , Krasny Lori , Dinh Elena , Nice Julie , McMahon William 
Published: November 2002

AbstractThe broader autism phenotype (BAP) is a subclinical set of personality and other features that is thought to index familiality and/or genetic liability to autism. Eighteen parents of autistic probands with a history of language regression and 70 parents of autistic probands without regression were assessed for features of the BAP and compared with published rates in parents of nonautistic subjects. Parents of probands with regressive and nonregressive autism demonstrated similar rates of the BAP (27.8% vs. 32.9%; P = 0.33). The rate of the BAP was significantly higher in both groups of autism parents than in parents of nonautistic subjects (P ≤ 0.01). Thus, this measure of genetic liability is increased equally in families with both forms of autism when compared with controls. Environmental events are therefore unlikely to be the sole cause of regressive autism in our sample. Environmental events, however, may act in an additive or “second‐hit” fashion in individuals with a genetic vulnerability to autism. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of a neocentromere in a rearranged Y chromosome with no detectable DYZ3 centromeric sequence
Authors: Godoy Assumpção Juliana , Berkofsky‐Fessler Windy , Viguetti Campos Nilma , Trevas Maciel‐Guerra Andréa , Li Shulan , Melaragno Maria Isabel , Palandi de Mello Maricilda , Warburton Peter E. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractAn 18‐year‐old woman was evaluated because of primary amenorrhea and hypogonadism. Chromosome analysis from peripheral blood lymphocytes revealed a nonmosaic 46,X,+mar constitution. The marker was shown to be a rearranged Y chromosome consisting of an inverted duplication of the long arm: rea(Y)(qter‐q11::q11‐qter). Deletion mapping analysis with Y‐specific STS showed that the marker lacked Yp and Y‐centromeric (DYZ3) sequences, but it was positive for Yq sequences tested. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis with Y and X chromosome centromeric and pancentromeric probes showed no hybridization signals. The marker chromosome is present in 100% of the cells; therefore, it is mitotically stable despite the absence of DYZ3 centromeric sequence. Hybridization with CENP‐A and CENP‐C specific antibodies localized a neocentromere close to the breakpoint. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Finite element modelling of geared multi‐body system
Authors: Wang Yong , Cheung H. M. E. , Zhang W. J. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractA dynamic model for geared multi‐body system containing gear, bar and shaft is proposed and a new gear element is particularly developed based on a specific finite element theory. The gear element can take into account time‐variant meshing stiffness, the gear errors, and the couplings between the torsional and the lateral vibrations of gears. The accuracy and reliability of the gear element are confirmed by comparing the simulated with the experimental results of rotational vibration accelerations. A gear–bar mechanism composing one sun gear, one planetary gear and two bars is simulated dynamically. The influences of non‐uniform gear speed, time‐variant meshing stiffness and bar stiffness on the dynamic behaviours are investigated. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of tuberous roots of Pimpinella tirupatiensis Bal. & Subr., an endemic taxon from eastern ghats, India
Authors: Bakshu L. Md. , Venkata Raju R. R. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractThe tuberous roots of Pimpinella tirupatiensis (Apiaceae) were subjected to sequential extraction with different polar solvents and the extracts were tested against eight bacterial and three fungal pathogenic strains for antimicrobial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration of active extracts against six bacterial and two fungal strains were determined. The hexane and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and were analysed for different phytochemicals. The active extracts contained significant amounts of alkaloids, flavonols, flavones and volatile oils. The hexane extract yielded an essential oil when subjected to GC with FID. The compounds were identified based on their retention indices and yielded 24 known compounds and one unknown compound. The major compounds are β‐bisabolene (9.2%), Δ‐3‐carene (8.9%), cis‐carveol (6.7%), elemol (5.8%), Δ‐cadinol (4.4%), methyl geranate (4.3%) and γ‐nonalactone (3.4%). Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
γ‐Sultines: a new class of flavour compounds
Authors: Yolka S. , Dunach E. , Loiseau M. , Lizzani‐Cuvelier L. , Fellous R. , Rochard S. , Schippa C. , George G. 
Published: November 2002

Abstract3‐Propyl‐γ‐sultine has been identified for the first time in extracts of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa). The chemical structure of this new molecule was confirmed by synthesis. Some other analogues were prepared using a general and efficient method. A biosynthetic pathway involving the presence of 3‐sulphanylhexanol as a precursor is proposed. In addition, the chirality of the natural sultine has been evaluated by chiral gas chromatography. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thiazolidines and their oxidation products as flavouring compounds
Authors: Fernandez Xavier , Duñach Elisabet , Fellous Roland , Lizzani‐Cuvelier Louisette , Loiseau Michel 
Published: November 2002

AbstractThe selective oxidation reactions of thiazolidines were studied. The synthesis of 2‐ and 3‐thiazolines, as well as that of thiazoles, thiazolidine‐1‐oxides and thiazolidine‐1,1‐dioxides, are presented. Olfactory analysis of several of these compounds reveals interesting notes with thresholds in the ppm range, in most cases related to foodstuffs. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Volatile constituents of Boswellia serrata Roxb. (Burseraceae) bark
Authors: Kasali Adeleke A. , Adio Adewale M. , Oyedeji Adebola O. , Eshilokun Adeolu O. , Adefenwa Morufa 
Published: November 2002

AbstractThe composition of the essential oil of Boswellia serrata obtained by hydrodistillation of the bark of B. serrata was determined by the use of GC and GC–MS. Thirty‐five constituents were identified by their retention (Kováts) indices on Cpsil 5 and by their mass spectra. The essential oil of B. serrata predominantly comprised monoterpenoids, of which α‐pinene (73.3%) was the major constituent. Other monoterpenoids identified included β‐pinene (2.05%), cis‐verbenol (1.97%), trans–pinocarveol (1.80%), borneol (1.78%), myrcene (1.71%), verbenone (1.71%), limonene (1.42%), thuja‐2,4(10)‐diene (1.18%) and p‐cymene (1.0%), while α‐copaene (0.13%) was the only sesquiterpene identified in the oil. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antifungal efficacy of Taxodium and Mentha oils against some human pathogenic fungi
Authors: Pandey K. P. , Shahi S. K. , Singh R. , Dutta S. , Dikshit A. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractDuring antifungal screening of essential oils of some higher plants against human pathogenic fungi, oils of Mentha spicata (L.) and Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich. exhibited significant activity against the test pathogens Epidermophyton floccosum (Harz) Langeron and Milochevitch, Microsporum gypseum (Bodin.) Guiart and Gregoraki and Microsporum nanum Fuentes. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the oil of M. spicata were found to be 1.8µl/ml for E. floccosum, M. gypseum and M. nanum. In the case of T. distichum the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were found to be 2.0µl/ml for M. gypseum and 2.5 µl/ml for E. floccosum and M. nanum. The oils also exhibited potency against heavy doses of inoculum (30 mycelial discs, each 5 mm in diameter) at these MICs concentrations. On comparison with the synthetic antifungal drugs myconazole and ketaconazole, these oils were found to be more effective. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemical composition variability of essential oils in the ontogenesis of some plants
Authors: Góra Józef , Lis Anna , Kula Józef , Staniszewska Maria , Wołoszyn Alicja 
Published: November 2002

AbstractThe ontogenetic variability of chemical composition of the essential oils of Erigeron canadensis L., Daucus carota L. ssp. carota and Anethum graveolens L. was studied. A distinct dependence between the ontogenetic stage and the contents as well as the chemical composition of essential oils was observed. The results obtained are of significance for determining the most favourable time limit for picking plant raw material. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hypervalent iodine in synthesis 85: An efficient method for the synthesis of N‐arylbenzimidazoles by the coppercatalyzed N‐arylation of benzimidazole with diaryliodonium salts
Authors: Zhou Tao , Chen Zhen‐Chu 
Published: November 2002

AbstractN‐arylbenzimidazoles were prepared in moderate yields by copper‐catalyzed N‐arylation of benzimidazole with diaryliodonium salts. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 13:617–619, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.10043