bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baobab (Adansonia digitata) Pulp and Mango Seeds as New Adsorbents for the Removal of Pb (II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Kenneth Rome , Kalu Kalu M. , Haruna Naibi A. , Chinedu Emmanuel K. , Atiku Ismaila , Emmanuel Michael 
Published: October 2023

Baobab pulp (Adansonia digitata) and mango seeds were employed in the synthesis of activated carbon, serving as a cost-efficient adsorbent for the elimination of Pb (II) ions from aqueous solutions. The carbonization of baobab pulp and mango seeds was executed within a muffle furnace at 500°C for 2 hours and 30 minutes, followed by activation using orthophosphoric acid. Batch adsorption experiments encompassed assessments of initial metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH, and temperature, aimed at optimizing conditions to achieve maximal adsorption. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacities for Pb(II) were determined as 18.69 mg/g for Baobab activated carbon (BAC) and 16.02 mg/g for Mango seed activated carbon (MAC) at a concentration of 500 mg/l.
Adsorption data were subjected to analysis using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models. Among these models, Langmuir exhibited superior fit, as indicated by a correlation coefficient (R²) exceeding 0.99. Kinetic evaluation encompassed Pseudo-first-order, Pseudo-second-order, and Intra-particle diffusion models, with the Pseudo-second-order model emerging as the most appropriate. This finding suggests that the adsorption process is primarily governed by chemisorption, potentially serving as the rate-limiting step.
Thermodynamic investigations revealed the spontaneity, endothermic nature, and heightened randomness at the solid-solution interface of the adsorption process. Further assessment involved desorption experiments to ascertain the reusability and lifespan of the adsorbents. The outcomes underscore the potential of activated carbon derived from baobab pulp and mango seeds as economical and efficient adsorbents for Pb (II) ion removal.
Influence of the Landlords–Tenants Relationship on Compliance with Commercial Property Lease Arrangement in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Audu Adedamola Fisayo , Olaniyi Olusola Kehinde , Afolabi Cecilia Omolola 
Published: October 2023

Main Purpose: This study focused on investigating the influence of landlord-tenant relationships on commercial property lease compliance in Abuja, Nigeria. The study was borne from the various impending issues militating against achieving the objectives of either the landlord or the tenant in the study area.
Research Methods: A total of one hundred and twenty-five (125) copies of questionnaires were administered to Estate Surveying and Valuation firms in Abuja with one hundred and three (103) retrieved representing an 82.4% retrieval rate. The retrieved questionnaires were analyzed using frequency distribution, Weighted Mean Score, and Chi-Square Test further subjected to a Fisher’s Exact Test.
Main Contributions: The study observed that there is a relationship between landlord-tenant relationship and compliance with lease arrangement in the study area (with a p-value of 0.001 for the Fisher's Exact Test at 0.05 significance level). In view of this, Estate surveyors and valuers are advised to ensure the maintenance of a cordial and mutual relationship in sequence with the proviso of the tenancy agreement between landlords and tenants in order to avoid non-compliance.
Phytochemical Analysis, Antifungal and Antibacterial Screening of Aegle marmelos: A Guyana Floral Extract
Authors: Tewari Brij Bhushan , Gomatinayagam Subramanian 
Published: October 2023

The plant material, leaves of Aegle marmelos were collected from Cove and John Ashram, Georgetown, Guyana. Leaves are dried in oven at 50-55 ºC for 72 h. The moisture content is calculated. The dried leaves were grounded and extracted in each acetone, ethanol and methanol solvents. Extracts were collected and evaporation of solvent was done on rotavapour. The antimicrobial and antifungal activity of leaf extract were examined by well diffusion, poison plate, paper disc plate and streak plate methods. In Aegle marmelos leaves extract studies, maximum and minimum antimicrobial potential was observed for methanol and acetone solvents, respectively. Antimicrobial potential of leave extract were also found to be maximum and minimum in Candida albicans and Escherichia coli, respectively in most assay studies. The phyto constituents, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenol, steroids and phytosteroids were found to present in methanol leave extract of Aegle marmelos. Present study is focus on phytochemical analysis, antifungal and antibacterial screening of Aegle marmelos leaves extracts.
In-vitro Assessment of Different Culture of Media on the Isolation and Purification of Cauliflower Alternaria Leaf Spot Disease Caused by Alternaria brassicicola (Schwein)
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Ratan Ved , Chaurasiya Ajay , Singh Vivek , Kumar Naimish , Singh Pankaj , Pratap Gajendra , Verma Bipin 
Published: October 2023

Alternaria leaf spot of cauliflower caused by Alternaria brassicicola (Schwein.) Wiltshire, is a significant disease of cauliflower in the Kanpur region. In the current study the pathogenic fungus was purified from infested cauliflower leaves on potato dextrose agar medium, Following inoculation on healthy cauliflower seedlings the pathogenicity of the causal agent was demonstrated. The results revealed that the fungus was Alternaria brassicicola based on common symptoms on foliage, microscopic findings, and culture characteristics of the fungus. Based on microscopic observation, the causal agent was identified as Alternaria brassicicola (Schwein.) Wiltshire. To proceed to the isolation and purification of the fungus, eight culture media were tested among which the potato dextrose agar medium was found most suitable and encouraged maximum radial mycelial growth (89.07mm) of A. brassicicola. The second best was Corn Meal Agar medium (67.46mm), followed by Potato carrot agar medium (54.83 mm), Rose Bengal agar (53.00 mm), Czapex dextrose agar (40.40 mm), Yeast Extract Agar (32.28 mm), and Nutrient Agar (24.28 mm), While minimum (22.16 mm) growth was recorded in Starch Agar. Thus, potato dextrose agar can therefore be used in the isolation, purification and pathogenicity of A. brassicicola.
Design and Manufacture of Rainfall Measuring Instruments Based on Android Smartphone and ATmega328P Microcontroller Using Hall Effect Sensor
Authors: Adhari Eko , Gunawan Anak Agung Ngurah , Wibawa I. Made Satriya , Putra I. Ketut 
Published: October 2023

Aims: To produce low-cost measuring instruments with high accuracy, which are expected to be used as a reference in developing rainfall observation instruments to reduce observation costs.
Study Design: Design of Rainfall measuring instruments based on Android Smartphone and ATmega328P microcontroller using hall effect sensor.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Physics, Udayana University, and Indonesian Agency of Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics (BMKG), Region-III Badung, from June 2022 to August 2022.
Methodology: Calibration is done by comparing the output value of the rainfall measuring instruments using hall effect sensor and the BMKG calibration standard tool. The calibrated parameter is rainfall. The relationship between the measurement values of the design tool and the standard tool is determined using linear regression method to obtain a correction equation.
Results: Rainfall measuring instruments based on Android Smartphone and ATmega328P microcontroller using hall effect sensor have been produced. The measurement accuracy obtained for the rainfall parameter is 97.97% with uncertainty (U95) of 0.06 mm/min. The accuracy value indicates that the resulting tool has a good level of accuracy to the standard tool.
Conclusion: In this research, has been produced a rainfall measuring instrument at a low-cost with high accuracy and precision, which has been calibrated with BMKG standard tool.
Electrochemical Storage of Ammonium Versus Metal Ions in Bimetallic Hydroxide for Sustainable Aqueous Batteries
Authors: Liu Chang , Li Mengxue , Meng Jianming , Hei Peng , Wang Jing , Song Yu , Liu Xiao‐Xia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAqueous batteries with high safety and cost efficiency usually employ metallic cations as charge carriers. Recently, ammonium (NH4+) ion batteries using the nonmetal NH4+ as a charge carrier exhibit distinct electrochemical features from conventional aqueous batteries. Herein, the electrochemical performances of a bimetallic hydroxide material are systematically studied with different charge carriers in the electrolytes, including NH4+, as well as the conventional monovalent metallic cations K+ and Na+, respectively. Electrochemical results indicate that the charge storage process using NH4+ as the working ions exhibits a higher discharge plateau, smaller electrochemical polarization, and larger discharge capacity than that using conventional metallic charge carriers. Experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations suggest that the strong interaction between NH4+ and the electrode material, as well as the low NH4+‐ion diffusion barrier lead to these superior electrochemical features. The assembled NH4+‐ion battery exhibits a good energy density of 123 Wh kg(cathode+anode)−1 at the power density of 480 W kg(cathode+anode)−1. These fundamental findings are important for developing good safety, low‐cost, and high‐energy aqueous batteries with sustainable NH4+ charge carriers.
Fully Printed Electrolyte‐Gated Transistor Formed in a 3D Polymer Reservoir with Laser Printed Drain/Source Electrodes
Authors: Cadilha Marques Gabriel , Yang Liang , Liu Yan , Wollersen Vanessa , Scherer Torsten , Breitung Ben , Wegener Martin , Aghassi‐Hagmann Jasmin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn solution processed electronic devices it is crucial that the deposited inks are properly aligned and that all post‐processing steps are compliant with each other. Moreover, shorter channel lengths are highly beneficial to increase the device performance. Herein, laser printing of metals and polymer reservoirs allows to print sub‐micrometer sized channel lengths while confining functional inks into these small gaps. Therefore, a manufacturing concept and optimized material stack, suitable for combined inkjet and laser printing are proposed. A nanoparticulate indium oxide (In2O3) semiconductor is inkjet printed into and constrained by a 3D laser written polymer (pentaerythritol triacrylate, PETA) reservoir. Inside the 3D printed polymer reservoir, platinum (Pt) electrodes, that are further routed over the reservoir walls, are laser printed by a metal reduction process. The transistor fabrication is completed by a second inkjet printed layer of composite solid polymer electrolyte and an organic top‐gate layer (PEDOT:PSS). This concept does not exceed annealing temperatures higher than 100 °C, and is compatible with a range of substrates. The characterized electrolyte‐gated field‐effect transistor show a reasonable on/off‐ratio in the range of 104 with negligible leakage currents. This materials and hybrid device manufacturing scheme has believed great potential for bioelectronics, lab‐on‐a‐chip applications and others.
Highly Visible–NIR Transparent Metamaterial‐Window for Broadband Microwave Absorption and Shielding
Authors: Zhang Yaqiang , Li Haonan , Ge Jiahao , Zhang Chi , Li Jingzhou , Zhang Cheng , Deng Ruixiang , Zhang Yang , Dong Hongxing , Zhang Long 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOptically transparent metamaterial absorbers have unexceptionally encountered a great challenge in further improving optical transparency ranging from visible (Vis) to near‐infrared (NIR) and environmental applicability, due to the limitations of constituent materials and multilayer structures. To overcome this limitation, a highly Vis‐NIR transparent metamaterial‐window with outstanding microwave broadband absorption and practical durability is proposed in this paper, which adopts a typical sandwich structure consisting of a cross‐ and cross‐ring‐shaped resonator and a reflective backplane, separated by a quartz glass. Experimental results indicate that the proposed metamaterial‐window achieves >80% absorptivity, covering a wide frequency range of 6.6–13.8 GHz with a relative bandwidth of 70.59%, while the measured shielding effectiveness is >16.94 dB, at 4.0–16.0 GHz. In addition, the corresponding physical mechanism is revealed by exploiting a classical multiple reflections interference model. More significantly, both the patterned resonator and backplane layers are formed by microscale gold meshes with high Vis‐NIR transmittance and environmental resistance, thereby enabling excellent salt spray corrosion resistance and high‐temperature stability, as well as an average optical transmittance of ≈87.35% at 400–1 800 nm. These advantages endow the design a promising candidate for addressing anti‐electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic shielding both in military and civilian.
Virtual Volumetric Additive Manufacturing (VirtualVAM)
Authors: Weisgraber Todd H. , de Beer Martin P. , Huang Sijia , Karnes John J. , Cook Caitlyn C. , Shusteff Maxim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTomographic volumetric additive manufacturing (VAM) produces arbitrary 3D geometries by exposure of a rotating volume of photopolymer resin to tomographically‐patterned illumination. This enables high speed, layer‐less printing of parts from a wide range of photopolymers not amenable to layer‐by‐layer processes. Since the entire geometry is produced at once over the course of a few seconds to minutes, molecular diffusion length scales become significant to the printing process. Understanding these molecular reaction and diffusion processes is imperative for advancing VAM to a usable technology. These processes are experimentally very difficult to monitor and measure. Herein, VirtualVAM ‐ a simulation framework for modeling the tomographic VAM process, is developed and experimentally validated. VirtualVAM simulates reaction, diffusion, and heat generation processes over the course of a print with single‐voxel resolution. From a few experimentally‐determined input parameters and a set of images for projection, VirtualVAM is able to generate a large spatio‐temporal data set for any given tomographic VAM print. Using VirtualVAM, a number of experimentally‐unattainable aspects of the VAM process are investigated such as single‐voxel conversion profiles, effect of molecular oxygen, and stopping time determination. VirtualVAM also enables the optimization of exposure patterns to further improve contrast between in‐part and out‐of‐part delivered dose.
Multiplexed Optogenetics with Striped Organic LEDs
Authors: Ciccone Giuseppe , Weber Jens P. , Meloni Ilenia , Kleemann Hans , Leo Karl , Murawski Caroline 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOptogenetic stimulation of living systems enables control of neuronal functions with extraordinary cell‐type specificity. The expression of more than one optogenetic actuator grants the possibility to mediate cellular activity via activation and inhibition upon illumination, with a spatial resolution that is hardly matched by electrical and pharmacological paradigms. In addition, delivering light with adequate spatial resolution is of utmost importance to achieve precise control over targeted cells. To this aim, the design strategy and realization of micro‐structured dual‐color organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are presented with a high degree of light confinement, reaching optical power densities up to 1 mW mm−2, microsecond response speed, and device heat‐up below 3 °C upon constant drive conditions at high brightness. The devices are applied for localized stimulation of Drosophila melanogaster (D. melanogaster) larvae expressing BiPOLES as a bidirectional light‐sensitive actuator. The results suggest the presence of an anterior‐posterior hierarchy for motoneuron signal procession, which is concluded from behavioral observations upon simultaneous and timely controlled activation and inhibition of neuronal activity in different larval segments. Thus, the devices are highly effective in generating complex light patterns for multi‐color optogenetics and lay the basis for cell‐specific multiplexed optogenetics in freely moving animals.
Pathogenic variants in the Longitudinal Early‐onset Alzheimer's Disease Study cohort
Authors: Nudelman Kelly N. H. , Jackson Trever , Rumbaugh Malia , Eloyan Ani , Abreu Marco , Dage Jeffrey L. , Snoddy Casey , Faber Kelley M. , Foroud Tatiana , Hammers Dustin B. ,   DIAN/DIAN‐TU Clinical/Genetics Committee, Taurone Alexander , Thangarajah Maryanne , Aisen Paul , Beckett Laurel , Kramer Joel , Koeppe Robert , Kukull Walter A. , Murray Melissa E. , Toga Arthur W. , Vemuri Prashanthi , Atri Alireza , Day Gregory S. , Duara Ranjan , Graff‐Radford Neill R. , Honig Lawrence S. , Jones David T. , Masdeu Joseph C. , Mendez Mario , Musiek Erik , Onyike Chiadi U. , Riddle Meghan , Rogalski Emily , Salloway Stephen , Sha Sharon J. , Turner R. Scott , Wingo Thomas S. , Wolk David A. , Carrillo Maria C. , Dickerson Bradford C. , Rabinovici Gil D. , Apostolova Liana G. ,   the LEADS Consortium
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionOne goal of the Longitudinal Early‐onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS) is to investigate the genetic etiology of early onset (40–64 years) cognitive impairment. Toward this goal, LEADS participants are screened for known pathogenic variants.MethodsLEADS amyloid‐positive early‐onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) or negative early‐onset non‐AD (EOnonAD) cases were whole exome sequenced (N = 299). Pathogenic variant frequency in APP, PSEN1, PSEN2, GRN, MAPT, and C9ORF72 was assessed for EOAD and EOnonAD. Gene burden testing was performed in cases compared to similar‐age cognitively normal controls in the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) study.ResultsPreviously reported pathogenic variants in the six genes were identified in 1.35% of EOAD (3/223) and 6.58% of EOnonAD (5/76). No genes showed enrichment for carriers of rare functional variants in LEADS cases.DiscussionResults suggest that LEADS is enriched for novel genetic causative variants, as previously reported variants are not observed in most cases.Highlights
Sequencing identified eight cognitively impaired pathogenic variant carriers.
Pathogenic variants were identified in PSEN1, GRN, MAPT, and C9ORF72.
Rare variants were not enriched in APP, PSEN1/2, GRN, and MAPT.
The Longitudinal Early‐onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS) is a key resource for early‐onset Alzheimer's genetic research
Projectivities of Informationally Complete Measurements
Authors: Shu Hao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe physical problem behind informationally complete (IC) measurements is determining an unknown state statistically by measurement outcomes, known as state tomography. It is of central importance in quantum information processing such as channel estimating, device testing, quantum key distribution, etc. However, constructing such measurements with good properties is a long‐standing problem. In this work, projective realizations of IC measurements are investigated. Conditions of informational completeness are presented with proofs first. Then the projective realizations of IC measurements, including proposing the first general construction of minimal projective IC measurements (MPICM) in no prime power dimensional systems, as well as determining an unknown state in via a single projective measurement with some kinds of optimalities in a larger system, are investigated. Finally, The results can be extended to local state tomography. Some discussions on employing several kinds of optimalities are also provided.
High‐Affinity Hybridization of Complementary Aromatic Oligoamide Strands in Water
Authors: Koehler Victor , Bruschera Gabrielle , Merlet Eric , Mandal Pradeep K. , Morvan Estelle , Rosu Frédéric , Douat Céline , Fischer Lucile , Huc Ivan , Ferrand Yann 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe prepared a series of water‐soluble aromatic oligoamide sequences all composed of a segment prone to form a single helix and a segment prone to dimerize into a double helix. These sequences exclusively assemble as antiparallel duplexes. The modification of the duplex inner rim by varying the nature of the substituents borne by the aromatic monomers allowed us to identify sequences that can hybridize by combining two chemically different strands, with high affinity and complete selectivity in water. X‐ray crystallography confirmed the expected antiparallel configuration of the duplexes whereas NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry allowed us to assess precisely the extent of the hybridization. The hybridization kinetics of the aromatic strands was shown to depend on both the nature of the substituents responsible for strand complementarity and the length of the aromatic strand. These results highlight the great potential of aromatic hetero‐duplex as a tool to construct non‐symmetrical dynamic supramolecular assemblies.
Direct Assembly of Metal‐Phenolic Network Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Xu Wanjun , Lin Zhixing , Pan Shuaijun , Chen Jingqu , Wang Tianzheng , Cortez‐Jugo Christina , Caruso Frank 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCoordination assembly offers a versatile means to developing advanced materials for various applications. However, current strategies for assembling metal‐organic networks into nanoparticles (NPs) often face challenges such as the use of toxic organic solvents, cytotoxicity because of synthetic organic ligands, and complex synthesis procedures. Herein, we directly assemble metal‐organic networks into NPs using metal ions and polyphenols (i.e., metal‐phenolic networks (MPNs)) in aqueous solutions without templating or seeding agents. We demonstrate the role of buffers (e.g., phosphate buffer) in governing NP formation and the engineering of the NP physicochemical properties (e.g., tunable sizes from 50 to 270 nm) by altering the assembly conditions. A library of MPN NPs is prepared using natural polyphenols and various metal ions. Diverse functional cargos, including anticancer drugs and proteins with different molecular weights and isoelectric points, are readily loaded within the NPs for various applications (e.g., biocatalysis, therapeutic delivery) by direct mixing, without surface modification, owing to the strong affinity of polyphenols to various guest molecules. This study provides insights into the assembly mechanism of metal‐organic complexes into NPs and offers a simple strategy to engineer nanosized materials with desired properties for diverse biotechnological applications.
Decorated DNA‐Based Scaffolds as Lateral Flow Biosensors
Authors: Brannetti Simone , Gentile Serena , Chamorro‐Garcia Alejandro , Barbero Luca , Del Grosso Erica , Ricci Francesco 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHere we develop Lateral Flow Assays (LFAs) that employ as functional elements DNA‐based structures decorated with reporter tags and recognition elements. We have rationally re‐engineered tile‐based DNA tubular structures that can act as scaffolds and can be decorated with recognition elements of different nature (i.e. antigens, aptamers or proteins) and with orthogonal fluorescent dyes. As a proof‐of‐principle we have developed sandwich and competitive multiplex lateral flow platforms for the detection of several targets, ranging from small molecules (digoxigenin, Dig and dinitrophenol, DNP), to antibodies (Anti‐Dig, Anti‐DNP and Anti‐MUC1/EGFR bispecific antibodies) and proteins (thrombin). Coupling the advantages of functional DNA‐based scaffolds together with the simplicity of LFAs, our approach offers the opportunity to detect a wide range of targets with nanomolar sensitivity and high specificity.