bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parents’ perceptions of the Safe Environment for Every Kid (SEEK) model in the Swedish Child Health services
Authors: Golsäter Marie , Randell Eva , Engström Maria , Lucas Steven 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
The Safe Environment for Every Kid (SEEK) model was developed to address psychosocial risk factors (financial worries, depressive symptoms, major parental stress, alcohol misuse and intimate partner violence) in the pediatric primary care setting but has not been evaluated from the parents’ perspective. To further investigate the usefulness of SEEK, it is important to explore how parents perceive the model.
Objective
The aim of the present study was to explore parents’ perceptions of the SEEK model as a part of regular health visits in the Child Health Services (CHS) in Sweden.
Participants and Setting:
Eighteen parents (13 women and five men) in two Swedish counties participated in the study.
Methods
Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted and the resulting data were analyzed using reflective thematic analysis.
Results
Three themes were identified: Acceptance and understanding of the SEEK-model in the child health services, The questionnaire as a bridge to a dialogue and Feeling trust in the system and the child health nurse’s professional competence. Further, an overarching theme was created that encompassed a core meaning of all three themes; SEEK provides a process-oriented framework to receive support in parenting with a focus on child health.
Conclusions
The study showed that parents express both acceptance and understanding of the SEEK model and they perceive that the model provides an avenue for repeated dialogues about the family’s situation during the child’s upbringing and an opportunity to access support if needed.
A machine learning-based recommendation framework for material extrusion fabricated triply periodic minimal surface lattice structures
Authors: Hussain Sajjad , Lee Carman , Tsang Yung Po , Waqar Saad 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) lattice structures are utilized in diverse fields such as engineering, material design, and biomedical. The use of appropriate TPMS lattice structures in 3D printing can obtain benefits in terms of production efficiency and material reduction towards a greener 3D printing process. However, there is a lack of an automated solution to suggest the appropriate TPMS lattice structure parameters, such that unnecessary material wastage cannot be neglected in the existing practices. To address the above challenges, this study proposes a machine learning-based recommendation framework for generating the TPMS lattice structures based on the engineering requirements. First, we compiled a dataset by producing 144 samples via the material extrusion (ME) technique and conducted compression tests on four TPMS lattice structures (Diamond, Gyroid, Schwarz, and split-P), each with varying parameters, fabricated using Polylactic acid (PLA) material. Second, we train four machine learning algorithms (K-Nearest Neighbors, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Bayesian Regression) on this dataset to predict TPMS lattice structure (unit cell type, unit cell size, and wall thickness). Extensive experiments assess algorithm performance using R-squared values and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) as evaluation measures. Our results indicate that the Random Forest and Decision Tree algorithms perform best, achieving R-squared scores of 0.9694 and 0.9689, along with RMSE values of 0.1180 and 0.0795, respectively. This work not only advances the field's understanding of automated selection for TPMS lattice structures but also holds noteworthy implications for eco-design and eco-innovation, particularly in the realm of sustainable and efficient green 3D printing applications.
Role of Donor-Derived Cell-Free DNA In Predicting Short-Term Allograft Health In Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: JANA KOUSTAV , Rammohan Ashwin , Ramani Avinash , Gunasekaran Bhavani , Vij Mukul , Ramamoorthi Maharani , Jayakanthan Nivethitha , Kaliamoorthy Ilankumaran , Ramani Agragesh , Rela Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background Predicting allograft dysfunction prior to clinical or biochemical evidence remains one of the challenges in transplantation, and a preclinical detection and early management of its cause allows for improved post-transplant outcomes.Donor derived cell-free DNA has been proposed as an important biomarker of allograft injury and has shown to predict dysfunction prior to any biochemical derangements. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of ddcfDNA in detecting and differentiating the causes of early pre-biochemical detection of graft injury and in predicting short-term outcomes of graft health using a patented protocol and proprietary set of single nucleotide polymorphisms.Methods Blood samples were collected on defined postoperative days and were analysed through relatively economical patented protocol(Trunome™).Biopsy, biochemical tests, and clinical criteria were analysed between various subgroups.Results Of a total 50 patients, percentage ddcfDNA levels were significantly elevated in the rejection group(n = 8) as compared to the non-rejection group(n = 42; median elevation 12.8%vs4.3% respectively) with a significant correlation(r = 0.92,p < 0.0001).AUC-ROC analysis revealed that %ddcfDNA levels can predict graft health more precisely when compared to conventional liver function tests (AUC for %ddcfDNA,AST and ALT are 0.86(p < 0.001),0.65(p = 0.08) and 0.75(p < 0.01) respectively).Moreover, %ddcfDNA levels(with a threshold > 10.2%) on post-operative day7 accurately predicted short-term(3-months) health status of the graft with 93.33% sensitivity,94.44% specificity,87.50% positive predictive value,97.14% negative predictive value and 94.12% accuracy.Conclusion A single time point ddcfDNA on POD 7 accurately predicts graft health and improves risk stratification in the short-term. Personalized clinical management based on serial ddcfDNA assay will enable a tailored therapeutic regimen prior to actual clinical or biochemical event.
The analysis of different types of anorectal abscesses was conducted using the MRI 3D reconstruction technique
Authors: Ma Xutao , Li Yikun , Xu Siming , Wang Bo , Wang Chen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

It has not yet been proven whether sepsis affects the tissue around the anal canal. To address this issue, we established three-dimensional models for various types of anorectal abscesses and utilize 3D reconstruction of Magnetic Resonance Imaging scans to assess the extent of muscle damage caused by anorectal abscesses. Patients diagnosed with anorectal abscess, selected from January 2019 to January 2022 underwent pre- and post-operative scanning of pelvic floor and perianal tissues. The aforementioned structures were segmented for the reconstruction of a three-dimensional visual model and measurement of volumes for the abscess as well as the internal and external sphincters and levator ani muscle. The study included a total of 42 patients. Three-dimensional visualization models were created for different types of anorectal abscesses, including perianal, intersphincteric, ischiorectal, and supralevator abscesses. No statistically significant differences were observed in the volume of the internal sphincter, external sphincter, and levator ani muscle between pre- and post-operative patients. The 3D model of anorectal abscess, reconstructed from MRI data, offers a precise and direct visualization of the anatomical structures associated with various types of anorectal abscesses. The infection did not result in any damage to the internal and external anal sphincter and levator ani muscle.
Utilization of a national database to characterize renal function in patients admitted with COVID19 infection
Authors: Nelson Nicholas R. , Farina Nicholas , Rhoney Denise H. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Acute kidney injury (AKI) and augmented renal clearance (ARC) have been documented in patients with COVID19 but the incidence and outcomes related to drug therapy of each alteration are unknown. This study sought to determine the incidence of AKI or ARC in patients hospitalized with COVID19 and identify risk factors for each.
Methods
This was a retrospective, observational cohort analysis of adults within the National COVID Cohort Collaborative database hospitalized between 1 January 2020 and 9 April 2022 with laboratory confirmed COVID19 and available data to calculate creatinine clearance using the Cockcroft-Gault equation. Patients were excluded for pregnancy, BMI < 18kg/m2, and history of end-stage renal disease or nephrectomy. Renal function characteristics and outcomes were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney-U tests. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify risk factors.
Results
20,406 patients met inclusion criteria and 15,608 were included for analysis where 20.9% experienced AKI and 34.8% exhibited ARC. From 11,274 patients included in logistic regression analysis height and White race were associated with decreased risk of AKI while male sex and diabetes were associated with increased risk. Male sex, Black race, and hypertension were associated with decreased risk of ARC. Age was associated with decreased risk of either alteration while weight and Hispanic ethnicity increased risk.
Conclusion
A significant proportion of COVID19 hospitalized patients exhibit renal alterations. These results provide initial evidence of identifying patients at risk of AKI or ARC, but more research is needed, especially with respect to use of biomarkers for renal alteration risk stratification.
Impact of fluorosis on the oral health-related quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Montanher Paula Lanza , Velasco Sofia Maito , Montanher Renan Canale Peres , Souza Thais Moraes , Peralta-Mamani Mariela , Bastos José Roberto Magalhães , Honório Heitor Marques , Bastos Roosevelt Silva 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective.The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the literature to assess the effect of fluorosis on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL).
Materials and methods. Included studies were epidemiological investigations, clinical trials, or human studies that directly compared the impact on OHRQoL between individuals with fluorosis and those without, utilizing valid OHRQoL assessment tools. The searches were conducted up to September 2023 in databases, including PubMed, Scielo, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and the Virtual Health Library. Additionally, gray literature sources such as Google Scholar, OpenGrey, Ibict/BDTD, and ProQuest were searched. Reference lists were also manually reviewed for potential eligible studies. The risk of bias in cohort studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS), while its modified version was employed for cross-sectional studies. A meta-analysis was performed using the random-effects model in R Statistical Software with a significance level of p<0.05.
Results.Out of the 16 included studies, four were suitable for meta-analysis. In total, 16,314 participants, aged 8 to 18, were assessed across the studies. The analysis of the CPQ 8-10 instrument indicated no significant impact (p-value = 0.14). For the CPQ 11-14 the quantitative analysis suggested no significant impact on OHRQoL (p-value = 0.51). Limitations in the included studies primarily pertained to cross-sectional designs, with significant issues such as the absence of sample size calculations, lack of non-response rate reporting, limited consideration of confounding factors, and substantial heterogeneity stemming from diverse diagnostic methods and assessment tools.
Conclusion.The overall findings indicated that mild dental fluorosis did not adversely affect the OHRQoL of the studied populations.
Clinical relevance. Dental caries preventive fluoridated measures might be indicated even if there would be a risk for mild dental fluorosis as the fluoridated public water.
Trial registration. This systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under number: CRD42020186552.
Geographical weighted regression analysis of hotspots of acute respiratory infection and its associated factors among under- five children in Ethiopia, spatial and multilevel analysis
Authors: Chekol Yazachew Moges , Tessema Lewegneh Wegayehu , Tesfie Tigabu Kidie , Tebeje Tsion Mulat , Gelaw Negalegn Byadgie , Argaw Girum Shibeshi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Acute respiratory infections are among the most common childhood infections and continue to be a major public health concern worldwide. The prevalence of acute respiratory infection among children under the age of 5 years varies by geographic area, and previous studies have failed to indicate geographical variation in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the geographic variation in Ethiopia using spatial analysis.
Methods
Using the 2016 EDHS, a total sample of 10,417 women were included in this study. Analysis was performed using STATA-17, Arc-GIS-10.8, and SaTScan-9.6. Multilevel analyses were employed because of the hierarchical nature of DHS data. Variables with a p-value < 0.25 at the bi-variable analysis were entered into the final model analysis and p-values < 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance. Ordinary least squares and geographic weighted regression were employed to explore the spatial relationship between the outcome and determinant variables. The model with the lowest corrected Akaike Information Criteria (AICc) value was considered as the best-fit model for the data.
Results
The prevalence of acute respiratory infection among children < 5 years in Ethiopia was 12.29% (95% CI = 11.68–12.94%). Most of the hotspot areas were located in Tigray, central Oromia, eastern SNNPR, and southern Amhara. The proportion of rural women, children with diarrhea, Muslims, women with no education, low media exposure, and the poorest women were significant predictors of hotspot areas in the spatial analysis. In the multilevel analysis, secondary education (AOR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.40–0.90), child age 24–35 months (AOR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.58–0.94), child age 48–59 months (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.46–0.79), recent diarrhea (AOR = 4.78, 95% CI = 3.99–5.70), Afar (AOR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.27–0.79), Amhara (AOR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.38–0.86), Benishangul (AOR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.07–0.24), and SNNP (AOR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.34–0.87) were significantly associated with acute respiratory infection.
Conclusion and recommendation:
Acute respiratory infections remain a major public health problem in Ethiopia. Age of the child, recent diarrhea, maternal education, and region were significant variables associated with acute respiratory infection. The government of Ethiopia must assess and evaluate the current acute respiratory infection prevention strategies and develop geographically targeted strategies.
Gender differences in the relationship between glycemic control and muscle mass in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus：A cross-sectional study
Authors: jintao Wang , Hu Jian , Chen Faxiu , Huang Tianjin , Li Chen , Chen Yuting , Li Jiming , Ma Qian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background The presence of sarcopenia is significantly correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Persistent hyperglycemia and fluctuations in blood glucose levels can have an impact on the muscle mass. So far, no research has assessed potential gender disparities in the relationship between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and muscle mass. Therefore, we set out to explore the association between HbA1c levels and muscle mass among T2DM patients. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving 267 elderly hospitalized T2DM patients who were examined by dual-energy X-rays to obtain their muscle mass. They were divided by gender into male and female groups as well as by the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index into "normal muscle mass" or "low muscle mass". Results There was a linear correlation between HbA1c and muscle mass in men. HbA1c was significantly associated with low muscle mass, even after adjusted for age, BMI, nephropathy, retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, hypertension, fasting glucose level, FT3, and TyG index (OR: 1.511 [95%CI: 1.052–2.171], p = 0.026). When HbA1c levels were further disaggregated, multiple regression analyses showed adverse effects on muscle mass when HbA1c was > 7% in men (7%< HbA1c < 8%, OR = 5.78 [95%CI: 1.024–32.596], p = 0.047; HbA1c > 8%, OR = 9.45 [95%CI: 1.978–45.105], p = 0.005). However, no association between HbA1c and muscle mass was observed among females. Conclusion High HbA1c levels were linked with low muscle mass in older men with T2DM, but not among women. It is imperative to achieve optimal glycemic control in clinical practice to mitigate the potential of low muscle mass, especially among older men with T2DM.
COVID-19 severity in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with venetoclax: a single-center observational cohort study
Authors: Thau Sophie , Poulsen Christian Bjørn , Brieghel Christian , Larsen Morten Kranker , Wiese Lothar , Nielsen Xiaohui Chen , Pedersen Lars Møller 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are at high risk of developing severe COVID-19. The present study was undertaken to elucidate COVID-19 related morbidity and mortality in CLL patients treated with venetoclax. We present a single-center study of 108 patients with small lymphocytic lymphoma or CLL treated with venetoclax. Primary outcome was 30-day COVID-19 mortality. Secondary outcomes included COVID-19 severity and hospitalization rate. Forty-eight (44%) patients had PCR-verified SARS-COV-2 between March 2020 and January 2023. Thirty-six patients (75%) presented with asymptomatic/mild COVID-19 and 12 (25%) with severe/critical disease. The hospitalization rate was 46% with a 30-day mortality rate of only 4% and severe comorbidities as the primary cause of death. There was no significant difference in mortality when compared to venetoclax-naïve CLL patients (n = 90) from our single-center cohort with proven COVID-19. COVID-19 severity and mortality were similar before and during the Omicron era. High CIRS-scores (P < 0.02) and thrombocytopenia (P < 0.01) were more frequent in patients with severe/critical disease. In real-world data, most venetoclax treated patients presented with mild COVID-19. Hospitalization and mortality rates were low compared to data of general CLL populations. Our data indicate that venetoclax was a safe treatment option for CLL patients during the pandemic.
Hydrops and Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: Reported incidence and postnatal outcomes. Analysis of the CDHSG Registry
Authors: Burgos Carmen Mesas , Ebanks Ashley , Löf-Granström Anna , Holden Kylie I , Johnson Anthony , Conner Peter , Harting Matthew 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Obejctive: Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) associated with hydrops is rare. The aim of this study was to describe the incidence of this combination of anomalies and the postnatal outcomes from a large database for CDH.
Study design: Data from the multicenter, multinational database on infants with prenatally diagnosed CDH (CDHSG Registry) born from 2015 to 2021 were analyzed.
Results: A total of 3985 patients were entered in the registry during the study period, 3156 were prenatally diagnosed and 88 were reported to have associated fluid in at least 1 compartment, representing 2.8 % of all prenatally diagnosed CDH cases in the registry. The overall survival to discharge for CDH patients with hydrops was 43%.
The hydropic CDH group had lower birth weight and gestational age at birth, and increased incidence of right sided CDH (55%) and rate of non-repair (45%). However, the survival rate for hydropic infants with CDH undergoing surgical repair was 80%. Other associated anomalies were more common in hydropic CDH (50% vs 37%, p=0.001).
Conclusion: Hydropic CDH is rare, only 2.8% of all prenatally diagnosed cases, and more commonly occurring in right sided CDH. Survival rates are low, with higher rates of non-repair. However, early decision-making regarding goals of care and an aggressive surgical approach may result in survival rates comparable to non-hydropic cases.
Determinants of Construction Project Delay and Its Effect on Project Beneficiaries: Evidence from Gurage Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Shedaga Tasew , Sahle Matiyos , Mekonen Endalkachew 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the determinants of project delay and assess its socioeconomic effect on project beneficiaries. Regression analysis and relative importance index were employed to identify its determinants whereas key informant interview (KII) and focus group discussion (FGD) were used to assess its socioeconomic effect on beneficiaries. Poorly defined project scope, poor project control and management, incorrect estimate of cost and schedule, bad economic conditions, political instability, dearth of construction inputs and inadequate communication causes project delay. The regression results show project delay is positively associated with poor project initiation, planning and design, monitoring and control and communication and lack of project materials and inputs. KII and FGD reveals delays in project limit access to transport, unemployment, migration, disputes among project stakeholders, and congestion on public service delivery. Also it has health and health-related impacts such as many mothers have died with maternal complications, and children were unable to get vaccinated. Therefore, project monitoring, follow-up and control should be part and parcel of project implementation strategies. Project manager shall be selected based on meritocracy with good qualities of leadership. Project sponsors reconsider the broader social and economic implications of project delays in addition to cost and time overruns.
Monitoring seasonal variation and anomaly trend of daytime and nighttime land surface temperature using MODIS sensor in Shiraz, Iran
Authors: Karami Mokhtar , Zanganeh Yaghoub , Zandi Rahman , Khosravian Maryam 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A major environmental problem in large cities and metropolitan areas is the increase in land surface temperatures (LST) caused mainly by heat islands in these areas. The LST anomaly plays an important role in climate studies, agriculture, and water resource management. This study aimed to investigate the seasonal changes and anomaly trends of daytime and nighttime LST in the Shiraz urban area. For the period 2001-2021, the LST anomaly was studied using the Terra satellite's MODIS sensor both day and night. The results revealed that the daytime temperature was positive in all seasons, with a minimum and maximum daytime temperature of 13.15°C in winter and 27.28°C in summer. In terms of location, LST was highest during the day in the central areas and in the summer season, with a temperature range of 38.44°C to 47.27°C. At night, LST does not reach a negative value at any time of the year. With a long-term average temperature of 8.09°C, the winter season in Shiraz had the lowest annual temperature, while the summer season showed the highest at 24.74°C. The maximum Z-score of the Mann-Kendall test indicated that the anomalies increased significantly in the high altitude areas such as the northeastern and northern regions of Shiraz city, changing from 0.5°C to 2.36°C. The anomaly trend of LST in this region averaged 0.84°C with a minimum of -1.29°C.