bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statistical analysis plan for a cluster randomised controlled trial to compare screening, feedback and intervention for child anxiety problems to usual school practice: Identifying Child Anxiety Through Schools – identification to intervention (iCATS-i2i)
Authors: Ball Susan , Reardon Tessa , Creswell Cathy , Taylor Lucy , Brown Paul , Ford Tamsin , Gray Alastair , Hill Claire , Jasper Bec , Larkin Michael , Macdonald Ian , Morgan Fran , Pollard Jack , Sancho Michelle , Sniehotta Falko F , Spence Susan H , Stainer Jason , Stallard Paul , Violato Mara , Ukoumunne Obioha C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: The Identifying Child Anxiety Through Schools – identification to intervention (iCATS-i2i) trial is being conducted to establish whether ‘screening and intervention’, consisting of usual school practice plus a pathway comprising screening, feedback and a brief parent-led online intervention (OSI: Online Support and Intervention for child anxiety), brings clinical and health economic benefits compared to usual school practice and assessment only – ‘usual school practice’, for children aged 8-9 years in (1) the ‘target population’, who initially screen positive for anxiety problems according to a 2-item parent-report child anxiety questionnaire – iCATS-2 and (2) the ‘total population’, comprising all children in participating classes. This article describes the detailed statistical analysis plan for the trial.
Methods and design:iCATS-i2i is a definitive, superiority, pragmatic, school-based cluster randomised controlled trial (with internal pilot), with two parallel groups. Schools are randomised 1:1 to receive either screening and intervention or usual school practice. This article describes: trial objectives and outcomes; statistical analysis principles, including detailed estimand information necessary for aligning trial objectives, conduct, analyses, and interpretation when there are different analysis populations and outcome measures to be considered; planned main analyses, sensitivity and additional analyses.
Trial registration: ISRCTN registry ISRCTN76119074. Registered on 4 January 2022.
Antagomir-21 improve post-MI heart failure by inhibiting myocardial fibrosis and myocardial apoptosis
Authors: Tao Luyuan , Liu Ronghua , Lv Xiao , He Hualing , Song Dongyan , Chen Yanru , Zheng Cheng , Lin Yifan , Xu Que , He Ruilin , Lin Jiafeng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background: Despite a significant improvement in the acute survival rate of myocardial infarction in recent decades, postischemic heart failure (HF) remains a common outcome (around 50%) and is a major cause of hospitalization and death. This study aimed to investigate whether antagomir-21 could ameliorate postischemic heart failure following persistent myocardial infarction, and to explore the underlying mechanism
Methods ：mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham group, MI group, MI+antagomir-21 group. At four weeks post-myocardial infarction, we evaluated whether antagomir-21 could improve cardiac function by inhibiting myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis with experimental methods including cardiac ultrasound, Massone staining, WB, and TUNEL staining.
Results: Results indicated that antagomir-21 decreased the expression of p-ERK1/2, caspase-3, caspase-8, TGF-β, Collagen I and Collagen III, thereby inhibiting excessive fibrosis and myocardial apoptosis in mice following persistent myocardial infarction.In mice experiments, antagomir-21 improved cardiac function, as evidenced by an increased ejection fraction and a reduced left ventricular end-diastolic diameter in the MI+antagomir-21 group compared to the MI group.
Conclusions: Taken together, our findings suggest that antagomir-21 could alleviate postischemic heart failure by suppressing excessive fibrosis and myocardial apoptosis.
Exploration of the influence of GOLGA8B on prostate cancer progression and resistance of castration-resistant prostate cancer to cabazitaxel
Authors: Li haopeng , Wang Xin’an , Xu Chengdang , Chen Xi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is the final stage of prostate cancer (PCa). Cabazitaxel is a taxane chemotherapy drug used in treating CRPC. However, patients with CRPC will eventually develop resistance to cabazitaxel, but the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate potential genetic alterations that may play a role in CRPC resistance to cabazitaxel. Using RNA-sequence data from GSE158494 dataset, we identified ten critical genes (CXCL8, ITGB8, CLIP4, MAP1B, WIPI1, MMP13, CXCL1, C1S, GOLGA8B, CXCL6) associated with CRPC cell resistance to cabazitaxel. The potential function of these key genes in PCa progression was analyzed using different databases such as Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and Chinese Prostate Cancer Genome and Epigenome Atlas (CPGEA). We found that these genes showed altered expression upon the occurrence of PCa and CRPC. Furthermore, CXCL1and GOLGA8B were found to affect the disease-free survival (DFS) status of patients with PCa. GOLGA8B was also found to affect prognosis in patients with PCa. Additionally, GOLGA8B expression was associated with many types of immune cells infiltration in PCa and was upregulated in clinical PCa and CRPC samples. Using CCK-8 assays, we found that GOLGA8B could also influence the sensitivity of CRPC cells to cabazitaxel and docetaxel. In conclusion, we found that GOLGA8B is an important gene that influences PCa progression and CRPC resistance to cabazitaxel.
Structure of the native γ-Tubulin Ring Complex capping
spindle microtubules
Authors: Barford David , Dendooven Tom , Yatskevich Stanislau , Burt Alister , Bellini Dom , Kilmartin John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Microtubules (MTs) are fundamental to cellular architecture, function and organismal development1. MT filaments assemble the mitotic spindle apparatus responsible for chromosome segregation, whereas the MT-based cytoskeletal network mediates dynein and kinesin-based intracellular transport. MTs are formed by the dynamic oligomerization and depolymerization of α/β-tubulin dimers in a head-to-tail fashion, with α-tubulin exposed at the ‘minus’ end of MTs and β-tubulin capping the more dynamic MT ‘plus’ end2. In cells, the large and evolutionary conserved γ-Tubulin Ring Complex (γTuRC) templates efficient MT nucleation from their ‘minus’ end at MT-organizing centres (MTOCs)3–6. Because all known γTuRC structures are devoid of MTs and exhibit an ‘open’, inactive conformation, the molecular mechanism of γTuRC-mediated MT nucleation remains unknown. Here, we used cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) to determine the structure of the native γTuRC capping the minus end of a MT in the context of enriched yeast mitotic spindles. In our structure, γTuRC adopts an active closed conformation to function as a perfect geometric helical template presenting a ring of g-tubulin subunits to seed nucleation of exclusively 13-protofilament microtubules. Our cryo-ET reconstruction also revealed that a novel coiled-coil protein staples the first row of α/β-tubulin molecules directly to alternating positions along the γ-tubulin ring. This positioning of α/β-tubulin onto γTuRC reveals a role for the coiled-coil protein in augmenting γTuRC-mediated microtubule nucleation. Based on our results we describe a molecular model for γTuRC activation and MT nucleation.
Structural characterization of protein transport by the Type 9 Secretion System
Authors: Berks Ben , Lauber Frédéric , Deme Justin , Liu Xiaolong , Kjær Andreas , Miller Helen , Alcock Felicity , Lea Susan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Secretion Systems are protein export machines that enable bacteria to exploit their environment through the release of protein effectors. The Type 9 Secretion System (T9SS) is an essential virulence determinant in the oral pathogens responsible for periodontitis and immune dysfunction. We have trapped and structurally characterised the Type 9 translocon in the process of substrate transport. The active translocon is augmented by a large periplasmic structure incorporating a homologue of the canonical periplasmic chaperone Skp. Substrate proteins bind to a carrier protein within the translocon pore and energy is required to release this substrate-carrier protein complex from the translocon. We infer a unique protein transport mechanism in which a carrier protein is used to pull substrate proteins through the translocon using energy from a trans-envelope power chain.
Very-Large-Scale Integrated High-Q Nanoantenna Pixels (VINPix)
Authors: Dolia Varun , Balch Halleh , Dagli Sahil , Abdollahramezani Sajjad , Delgado Hamish Carr , Moradifar Parivash , Chang Kai , Stiber Ariel , Safir Fareeha , Lawrence Mark , Hu Jack , Dionne Jennifer 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Metasurfaces provide a versatile and compact approach to free-space optical manipulation and wavefront shaping. Comprised of arrays of judiciously-arranged dipolar resonators, metasurfaces precisely control the amplitude, polarization, and phase of light, with applications spanning imaging, sensing, modulation, and computing. Three crucial performance metrics of metasurfaces and their constituent resonators are the quality factor (Q-factor), mode-volume (Vm), and the ability to control far-field radiation. Often, resonators face a trade-off between these parameters: a reduction in Vm leads to an equivalent reduction in Q, albeit with more control over radiation. Here, we demonstrate that this perceived compromise is not inevitable − high-Q, subwavelength Vm, and controlled dipole-like radiation can be achieved, simultaneously. We design high-Q, very-large-scale integrated silicon nanoantenna pixels − VINPix − that combine guided mode resonance waveguides with photonic crystal cavities. With optimized nanoantennas, we achieve Q-factors exceeding 1500 with Vm less than 0.1 (λ/nair)3. Each nanoantenna is individually addressable by free-space light, and exhibits dipole-like scattering to the far-field. Resonator densities exceeding a million nanoantennas per cm2 can be achieved. As a proof-of-concept application, we demonstrate spectrometer-free, spatially localized, refractive-index sensing utilizing VINPix metasurfaces. Our platform provides a foundation for compact, densely multiplexed devices such as spatial light modulators, computational spectrometers, and in-situ environmental sensors.
Peripheral Neuropathy and Nerve Electrophysiological Changes with Enfortumab Vedotin in Patients with Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Taoka Rikiya , Kamada Masaki , Izumi Kazuyoshi , Tanimoto Ryuta , Daizumoto Kei , Hayashida Yushi , Uematsu Katsutoshi , Arai Hironobu , Sano Takeshi , Saito Ryoichi , Hirama Hiromi , Kobayashi Toshihiro , Honda Tomoko , Osaki Yu , Abe Yohei , Naito Hirohito , Tohi Yoichiro , Matsuoka yuki , Kato takuma , Okazoe Homare , Ueda Nobufumi , Sugimoto Mikio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Enfortumab vedotin is a novel antibody-drug conjugate used as a third-line therapy in the treatment of urothelial cancer. We aimed to elucidate the effect of enfortumab vedotin-related peripheral neuropathy on its efficacy and whether enfortumab vedotin-induced early electrophysiological changes are associated with the onset of peripheral neuropathy.
Methods
Our prospective multicenter cohort study enrolled 34 patients with prior platinum-containing chemotherapy and programmed cell death protein 1/ligand 1 inhibitor-resistant advanced urothelial carcinoma and received enfortumab vedotin. The best overall response, progression-free survival, overall survival, and safety were analyzed. Nerve conduction studies were also performed for 11 patients.
Results
The confirmed overall response rate and disease control rate were 52.9 and 73.5%, respectively, and the median overall progression-free survival and overall survival were 6.9 and 13.5 months during a median follow-up of 8.6 months. Patients with disease control had significantly longer treatment continuation and overall survival than those with uncontrolled disease. Peripheral neuropathy occurred in 12.5% of patients, and the overall response and disease control rates were 83.3 and 100%, respectively, which were higher than those in patients without peripheral neuropathy (p = 0.028 and p = 0.029, respectively). Nerve conduction studies indicated that enfortumab vedotin reduced nerve conduction velocity more markedly in sensory nerves than in motor nerves and the lower limbs than in the upper limbs, with the sural nerve being most affected in patients who developed peripheral neuropathy (p = 0.011).
Conclusion
Our results suggest the importance of focusing on enfortumab vedotin-induced neuropathy of the sural nerve to maximize efficacy and improve safety.
Combining whole plastome and targeted loci data to resolve phylogenetic relationships of Baolia and Corispermoideae (Amaranthaceae s.l.) and exploring morphoanatomical character evolution
Authors: Shuai Liu , Veranso-Libalah Marie Claire , Sukhorukov Alexander P. , Xuegang Sun , Nilova Maya V. , Kushunina Maria , Jannathan Mamut , Zhibin Wen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Baolia H.W.Kung & G.L.Chu is a monotypic genus only known in Diebu County, Gansu Province, China. Its systematic position is contradictory, and its morphoanatomical characters deviate from all other Chenopodiaceae. We therefore sequenced and compared the chloroplast genomes of this species, and resolved its phylogenetic position based on both chloroplast genomes and marker sequences.
Results
We sequenced 18 chloroplast genomes of 16 samples from two populations of Baolia bracteata and two Corispermumspecies. These genomes of Baoliaranged in size from 152,499 to 152,508 bp. We also identified between 85 and 87 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in the chloroplast genomes of B. bracteata. These SSRs were primarily located in the LSC region, and most of them consisted of single-nucleotide A/T repeat sequences. Notably, there were differences in the types and numbers of SSRs between the two populations of B. bracteata. Our phylogenetic analysis, based on both complete chloroplast genomes from 33 species and a combination of three markers (ITS, rbcL, and matK) from 91 species, revealed that Baolia and Corispermoideae (Agriophyllum, Anthochlamys, and Corispermum) form a well-supported clade. This clade was found to be a sister group to Acroglochin. According to our molecular dating results, a major divergence event between Acroglochin, Baolia, and Corispermeae occurred during the Middle Eocene, approximately 46.29–42.12 mya.
Conclusions
Comparing the chloroplast genomes of B. bracteata with those of eleven typical Chenopodioideae and Corispermoideae species, we observed a high overall similarity and a one notable case of inversion of approximately 6,000 bp of DNA segments. We suggest that Corispermoideae should be considered in a broader sense, it includes Corispermeae (core Corispermoideae: Agriophyllum, Anthochlamys, and Corispermum), as well as two new monotypic tribes, Acroglochineae (Acroglochin) and Baolieae (Baolia). In this new circumscription, these three tribes are distantly related morphologically, but Baolieae and Corispermeae do share certain carpological traits.
Evaluation of Diagnostic Apps and Prediction Models for Myocardial Infarction and Other Causes of Chest Pain: Informing Patient Use
Authors: Raman Sasha , Bacher Ian , Fraser Hamish 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background: Symptom checker (SC) applications output possible diagnoses based on user’s symptoms. They may influence patients’ care seeking behavior but remain understudied, especially for high-risk diseases including acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Objective: This study used risk factor and symptom data reported by patients presenting with chest pain to an ED to evaluate the accuracy of Ada, WebMD, and Isabel SCs in diagnosing high-risk, cardiac, and low risk, noncardiac causes of chest pain. We hypothesized (1) SCs would miss cases of AMI, (2)
SCs would over-diagnose AMI in noncardiac, low risk cases.
Methods: From a dataset of 1872 cases of patients with chest pain, fifty high-risk cases (S1) were randomly sampled. 29 cases (S2) were selected as low risk, noncardiac, and included additional noncardiac symptoms and diagnoses. Samples were entered into the SCs, and matches were identified with top 5 app suggestions (M1-M5). SC performance was compared with a logistic regression (LR) model previously trained on the original dataset to predict AMI.
Results:
WebMD: (S1) Acute coronary syndrome (UA and AMI)- 100% sensitive, 13.3% specific, PPV-43.5%, NPV-100%. Identified 100% of AMIs, 100% of UAs. (S2) Identified 24.1% of S2 low risk, noncardiac diagnoses. Suggested AMI first for 34.5% of cases and only nonurgent diagnoses (true negatives) for 3.4% of cases.
Isabel: (S1) ACS - 75% sensitive, 83.3% specific, PPV-75%, NPV-83.3%. Identified 100% AMIs, 44.4% UAs. (S2) Identified 24.1% of S2 noncardiac diagnoses, suggested AMI first for 17.2%, true negatives 0%.
Ada: (S1) ACS - 95% sensitive, 56.7% specific PPV-59.4%, NPV-94.4%. Identified 100% of AMIs, 88.9% of UAs. (S2) Identified 48.3% of S2 noncardiac diagnoses, suggested AMI first for 34.5%, true negatives 17.2%.
LR model: (S1) ACS – 100% sensitive. Suggested ACS for 59% S2 cases. True negative rate (41%) was significantly higher than WMD (3.4%) or Isabel (0%), (P =.001).
Conclusions: All 3 SC apps identified 100% of AMIs in their top 5 suggestions and were highly sensitive to ACS. However, SCs were risk averse and limited in their identification of noncardiac diagnoses in low-risk patients. The LR model had significantly better discrimination with low-risk patients and potential to decrease excess care.
Disentangling the role of social media in the online parrots trade in Algeria
Authors: Nazim Ameziane Idir , Imane Razkallah , Rabah Zebsa , Zinette Bensakhri , Soufyane Bensouilah , Zihad Bouslama , Vincent Nijman , Moussa Houhamdi , Atoussi Sadek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The increased use of social media and classified advertisement websites has made wildlife trade more accessible, and the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown may have exacerbated this trend. The purpose of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of wildlife trade in a data-deficient region, where social media platforms are popular ways of exchanging different goods and products. Focussing on Algeria, for one year (January to December 2020), we tracked the pet parrot trade in 12 Facebook groups specialising in the pet bird trade. There were 1143 advertisements for 29 parrot species in total. Six of the identified species were listed on CITES Appendix I and 19 on CITES Appendix II. Our findings indicate that 1460 specimens of the African Grey Parrot (Psittacus erithacus and P. timneh) have been traded during this period. According to average prices calculated when possible, this trade generates at least USD 318163 annually.
Stress-strain curve and elastic behavior of the fibrotic lung with usual interstitial pneumonia pattern during protective mechanical ventilation
Authors: Tonelli Roberto , Rizzoni Raffaella , Grasso Salvatore , Cortegiani Andrea , Ball Lorenzo , Samarelli Anna Valeria , Fantini Riccardo , Bruzzi Giulia , Tabbì Luca , Cerri Stefania , Manicardi Linda , Andrisani Dario , Gozzi Filippo , Castaniere Ivana , Smit Marry R. , Paulus Frederique , Bos Lieuwe D.J. , Clini Enrico , Marchioni Alessandro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background Patients with acute exacerbation of lung fibrosis with usual interstitial pneumonia (AE-ILD-UIP) pattern are at increased risk for ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) and mortality when exposed to mechanical ventilation (MV). Yet, lack of a mechanical model describing UIP-lung deformation during MV represents a research gap. Aim of this study was to develop a constitutive mathematical model for UIP-lung deformation during lung protective MV based on the stress-strain behavior and the specific elastance of patients with AE-ILD-UIP as compared to that of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and healthy lung.Methods Partitioned lung and chest wall mechanics were assessed for patients with AE-ILD-UIP and primary ARDS (1:1 matched based on BMI and PaO2/FiO2 ratio) during a PEEP trial performed within 24 h from intubation. Patient’s stress-strain curve and the lung specific elastance were computed and compared with those of healthy lungs, derived from literature. Respiratory mechanics were used to fit a novel mathematical model of the lung describing mechanical-inflation-induced lung parenchyma deformation, differentiating the contributions of elastin and collagen, the main components of lung extracellular matrix (ECM).Results Five patients with AE-ILD-UIP and 5 matched with primary ARDS were included and analyzed. Global strain was not different at low PEEP between the groups. Specific elastance was significantly higher in AE-ILD-UIP as compared to ARDS (28.9 [24.8–33.2] cmH2O/l versus 11.4 [11.1–14.5] cmH2O/l, respectively). Compared to ARDS and healthy lung, the stress/strain curve of AE-ILD-UIP showed a steeper increase, crossing the VILI threshold risk for strain values greater than 0.55. The contribution of elastin was prevalent at lower strains, while the contribution of collagen was prevalent at large strains. The stress/strain curve for collagen showed an upward shift passing from ARDS and healthy lungs to AE-ILD-UIP lungs.Conclusions During MV, patients with AE-ILD-UIP showed different respiratory mechanics, stress-strain curve and specific elastance as compared to ARDS patients and healthy subjects and may experience VILI even when protective MV is applied. According to our mathematical model of lung deformation during mechanical inflation, the elastic response of UIP-lung is peculiar and different from ARDS. Our data suggest that patients with AE-ILD-UIP experience VILI with ventilatory setting that are lung-protective for patients with ARDS.