bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Conflict over Białowieża Forest in the Light of Philip Kitcher’s Ideal Deliberation
Authors: Kula Ewa , Wróblewski Zbigniew , Starościc Anna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEnvironmental conflicts involve many participants in the social life: citizens, foresters, the media, activists, politicians, officials and scientists. In this paper we pay special attention to scientists who provide the others with expert knowledge and proposals for solutions to ecological problems. Using the example of the ecological conflict around the strategy of protection of Białowieża Forest against the invasion of the spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus), we will present how these scientific functions were performed as well as what communication mistakes were made, and formulate a postulate to enrich forest management with a participatory model of social debate involving scientists representing all possible approaches to the problem. Our proposal applies Kitcher’s framework giving a ground for different stakeholders to come together to address complex environmental issues. Fitting into the trend of deliberative democracy, the paper provides an insight from philosophy that can be applied to controversial issues of policy and management, and how to influence an environmental change.
Brain age predicted using graph convolutional neural network explains neurodevelopmental trajectory in preterm neonates
Authors: Liu Mengting , Lu Minhua , Kim Sharon Y. , Lee Hyun Ju , Duffy Ben A. , Yuan Shiyu , Chai Yaqiong , Cole James H. , Wu Xiaotong , Toga Arthur W. , Jahanshad Neda , Gano Dawn , Barkovich Anthony James , Xu Duan , Kim Hosung 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Dramatic brain morphological changes occur throughout the third trimester of gestation. In this study, we investigated whether the predicted brain age (PBA) derived from graph convolutional network (GCN) that accounts for cortical morphometrics in third trimester is associated with postnatal abnormalities and neurodevelopmental outcome.

Methods
In total, 577 T1 MRI scans of preterm neonates from two different datasets were analyzed; the NEOCIVET pipeline generated cortical surfaces and morphological features, which were then fed to the GCN to predict brain age. The brain age index (BAI; PBA minus chronological age) was used to determine the relationships among preterm birth (i.e., birthweight and birth age), perinatal brain injuries, postnatal events/clinical conditions, BAI at postnatal scan, and neurodevelopmental scores at 30 months.

Results
Brain morphology and GCN-based age prediction of preterm neonates without brain lesions (mean absolute error [MAE]: 0.96 weeks) outperformed conventional machine learning methods using no topological information. Structural equation models (SEM) showed that BAI mediated the influence of preterm birth and postnatal clinical factors, but not perinatal brain injuries, on neurodevelopmental outcome at 30 months of age.

Conclusions
Brain morphology may be clinically meaningful in measuring brain age, as it relates to postnatal factors, and predicting neurodevelopmental outcome.

Clinical relevance statement
Understanding the neurodevelopmental trajectory of preterm neonates through the prediction of brain age using a graph convolutional neural network may allow for earlier detection of potential developmental abnormalities and improved interventions, consequently enhancing the prognosis and quality of life in this vulnerable population.

Key Points
•Brain age in preterm neonates predicted using a graph convolutional network with brain morphological changes mediates the pre-scan risk factors and post-scan neurodevelopmental outcomes.
•Predicted brain age oriented from conventional deep learning approaches, which indicates the neurodevelopmental status in neonates, shows a lack of sensitivity to perinatal risk factors and predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes.
•The new brain age index based on brain morphology and graph convolutional network enhances the accuracy and clinical interpretation of predicted brain age for neonates.
Transorbital point-of-care ultrasound versus fundoscopic papilledema to support treatment indication for potentially elevated intracranial pressure in children
Authors: Kerscher Susanne Regina , Zipfel Julian , Haas-Lude Karin , Bevot Andrea , Tellermann Jonas , Schuhmann Martin Ulrich 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To compare transorbital point-of-care ultrasound techniques —optic nerve sheath diameter (US-ONSD) and optic disc elevation (US-ODE)— with fundoscopic papilledema to detect potentially raised intracranial pressure (ICP) with treatment indication in children.

Methods
In a prospective study, 72 symptomatic children were included, 50 with later proven disease associated with raised ICP (e.g. pseudotumour cerebri, brain tumour, hydrocephalus) and 22 with pathology excluded. Bilateral US-ONSD and US-ODE were quantified by US using a 12-MHz-linear-array transducer. This was compared to fundoscopic optic disc findings (existence of papilledema) and, in 28 cases, invasively measured ICP values.

Results
The sensitivity and specificity of a cut-off value of US-ONSD (5.73 mm) to detect treatment indication for diseases associated with increased ICP was 92% and 86.4%, respectively, compared to US-ODE (0.43 mm) with sensitivity: 72%, specificity: 77.3%. Fundoscopic papilledema had a sensitivity of 46% and a specificity of 100% in this context. Repeatability and observer-reliability of US-ODE examination was eminent (Cronbach’s α = 0.978–0.989). Papilledema was detected fundoscopically only when US-ODE was > 0.67 mm; a US-ODE > 0.43 mm had a positive predictive value of 90% for potentially increased ICP.

Conclusion
In our cohort, transorbital point-of-care US-ONSD and US-ODE detected potentially elevated ICP requiring treatment in children more reliably than fundoscopy. US-ONSD and US-ODE indicated the decrease in ICP after treatment earlier and more reliably than fundoscopy. The established cut-off values for US-ONSD and US-ODE and a newly developed US-based grading of ODE can be used as an ideal first-line screening tool to detect or exclude conditions with potentially elevated ICP in children.
Newly emerging type B insulin resistance (TBIR) during treatment with eculizumab for AQP4-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD): fatal outcome
Authors: Doubrovinskaja S. , Korporal-Kuhnke M. , Jarius S. , Haas J. , Wildemann B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are frequently associated with other autoimmune disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Eculizumab (ECU) is a highly effective long-term treatment for NMOSD. However, ECU is known to increase significantly the risk of infection with encapsulated bacteria and sepsis. Recently, increased insulin resistance (IR) in patients with NMOSD has been suggested. Type B IR (TBIR) is a rare autoimmune condition often accompanying or preceding SLE. TBIR has not yet been reported in NMOSD. Objective: To report an ECU-treated patient with AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD who developed fatal septic complications after the emergence of TBIR. Methods: Description of the clinical course over a period of 8 years. Results: A female patient was diagnosed with NMOSD at the age of 16 years. A variety of disease-modifying drugs failed to achieve sufficient disease control, resulting in severe tetraparesis. Treatment with ECU was started 6 years after NMOSD diagnosis and stabilized the disease. The patient developed TBIR 8 months after initiation of ECU therapy. Following high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone therapy for a clinical relapse and three further courses of ECU, the patient was admitted with severe pneumonia caused by the encapsulated bacteriumKlebsiella pneumoniaeand hypoglycemia. Despite multimodal therapy, the patient died from sepsis-related multiorgan failure 18 months after initiation of ECU. Conclusions: TBIR should be considered as differential diagnosis in patients with NMOSD presenting with disturbed glucose metabolism, irrespective of the presence of SLE. More real-world data are needed on the risk/benefit ratio of ECU treatment in patients who have co-existing autoimmune comorbidities that may compromise immune function. Strategies to mitigate the risk of serious infection in patients treated with ECU are discussed.
Implementing cancer symptom management interventions utilizing patient-reported outcomes: a pre-implementation evaluation of barriers and facilitators
Authors: Minteer Sarah A. , Cheville Andrea , Tesch Nathan , Griffin Joan M. , Austin Jessica D. , Mitchell Sandra , Leppin Aaron L. , Ridgeway Jennifer L. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Symptoms can negatively impact quality of life for patients with a history of cancer. Digital, electronic health record (EHR)-integrated approaches to routine symptom monitoring accompanied by evidence-based interventions for symptom management have been explored as a scalable way to improve symptom management, particularly between clinic visits. However, little research has evaluated barriers and facilitators to implementing these approaches in real-world settings, particularly during the pre-implementation phase. Pre-implementation assessment is critical for informing the selection and sequencing of implementation strategies and intervention adaptation. Thus, this study sought to understand pre-implementation perceptions of a remote cancer symptom monitoring and management intervention that uses electronic patient-reported outcome measures for symptom assessment.

Methods
We interviewed 20 clinical and administrative stakeholders from 4 geographic regions within an academic medical center and its affiliated health system during the months prior to initiation of a stepped-wedge, cluster randomized pragmatic trial. Transcripts were coded using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research [CFIR] 2.0. Two study team members reviewed coded transcripts to understand how determinants were relevant in the pre-implementation phase of the trial and prepared analytic memos to identify themes.

Results
Findings are summarized in four themes: (1) ability of the intervention to meet patient needs [recipient characteristics], (2) designing with care team needs in mind [innovation design and adaptability], (3) fit of the intervention with existing practice workflows [compatibility], and (4) engaging care teams early [engaging deliverers].

Conclusion
Attention to these aspects when planning intervention protocols can promote intervention compatibility with patients, providers, and practices thereby increasing implementation success.
Determining the source water and active root depth of woody plants using a deuterium tracer at a Savannah site in northern Stampriet Basin, Namibia
Authors: Uugulu Shoopala , Wanke Heike , Koeniger Paul 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWoody plants play a significant role in the global water cycle through water uptake by roots and evapotranspiration. A deuterium tracer was used to assess the active root depths for Salvia mellifera and Boscia albitrunca in the Ebenhaezer area (western Namibia). The tracer was inserted at different soil depths in December 2016. Xylem cores were obtained using an increment borer, and transpired water was collected using transpiration bags zipped around the plants’ leaves. Groundwater was collected from boreholes. Soil samples were collected after the rainy season using a hand auger. Xylem and soil water were extracted using a cryogenic vacuum extraction method and analysed for stable water isotopes. Only one S. mellifera transpiration sample showed a high deuterium content (516‰) where the tracer was inserted at 2.5-m soil depth. Elevated deuterium contents were observed in two S. mellifera xylem samples; tracer had been applied at 2.5 and 3 m depth (yielding 35 and 31‰ deuterium, respectively), which constitutes a possible active-root depth range for S. mellifera. At the end of the study period (May 2017), the average δ18O value for B. albitrunca xylem samples was similar to that of groundwater. The δ18O value for S. mellifera was between that of soil water and groundwater, indicating that this species uses groundwater and soil water available for groundwater recharge. Determination of the active root depth and source water for these species would help improve hydrological modelling by incorporating the influence of woody plants on groundwater recharge.
Trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with locally advanced or metastatic HER2-positive gastric cancer: a multicenter, open-label, expanded-access study
Authors: Shitara Kohei , Yamaguchi Kensei , Muro Kei , Yasui Hisateru , Sakai Daisuke , Oshima Takashi , Fujimura Masahiro , Sato Yuta , Yamazaki Shunsuke , Wakabayashi Tatsuya , Sugihara Masahiro , Kamio Takahiro , Shoji Hirokazu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) is an antibody–drug conjugate that consists of an anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) antibody bound by a cleavable tetrapeptide-based linker to a cytotoxic topoisomerase I inhibitor. Prior to marketing approval in Japan in September 2020, this expanded-access study was conducted to provide T-DXd to previously treated patients with locally advanced or metastatic HER2-positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas.

Methods
This multicenter, open-label, expanded-access study was conducted between March 25 and September 25, 2020 at 17 Japanese sites. Previously treated patients with locally advanced or metastatic HER2-positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas received T-DXd 6.4 mg/kg via intravenous infusions at 3-week intervals. Serious adverse events (SAEs), all potential cases of interstitial lung disease (ILD)/pneumonitis, all liver-related events potentially meeting Hy’s Law criteria, and all cases of overdose were reported on the case report forms.

Results
A total of 64 patients were treated with T-DXd. Among the 17 (26.6%) patients with reported SAEs, 10 (15.6%) had SAEs related to T-DXd treatment. Febrile neutropenia was the most common SAE (n = 6). SAEs led to death in six patients; drug-related SAEs (sepsis and febrile neutropenia) led to death in one patient. Drug-related ILD, as determined by the external Adjudication Committee, occurred in three patients (Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3: all n = 1).

Conclusion
This expanded-access study provided T-DXd to a broader population of Japanese patients prior to marketing approval in Japan, bridging the gap between clinical trials and drug approval. No new safety concerns were identified.
Vicious and virtuous relationships between procrastination and emotions: an investigation of the reciprocal relationship between academic procrastination and learning-related anxiety and hope
Authors: Gadosey Christopher K. , Schnettler Theresa , Scheunemann Anne , Bäulke Lisa , Thies Daniel O. , Dresel Markus , Fries Stefan , Leutner Detlev , Wirth Joachim , Grunschel Carola 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough cross-sectional studies depict (negative) emotions as both antecedents and consequences of trait procrastination, longitudinal studies examining reciprocal relationships between procrastination and emotions are scant. Yet, investigating reciprocal relationships between procrastination and emotions within long-term frameworks can shed light on the mechanisms underlying these relationships. Additionally, the role of positive emotions concerning procrastination is largely unattended to in the procrastination–emotion research; albeit, this perspective can inform preventive and intervention measures against procrastination. In the present study, we explored reciprocal associations between trait academic procrastination on the one hand and trait-like learning-related anxiety and hope on the other hand over one semester. Overall, N = 789 students in German universities participated in a three-wave online panel study. Participants responded to questions on academic procrastination as well as learning-related anxiety and hope at the beginning (T1), middle (T2), and end (T3) of the lecture period of the semester in approximately 6-week measurement intervals. A latent cross-lagged panel model was used to test the hypotheses. After accounting for autoregressive effects, our results showed that academic procrastination at T1 positively predicted learning-related anxiety at T2. In contrast, academic procrastination at T1 negatively predicted learning-related hope at T2, which in turn negatively predicted academic procrastination at T3. Our results highlight positive emotions (e.g., hope) as also significant factors for procrastination and suggest them as possible “protective factors” against procrastination. Boosting positive emotions as part of interventions against procrastination could potentially help reduce the tendency to procrastinate.
Nudging the Food Basket Green: The Effects of Commitment and Badges on the Carbon Footprint of Food Shopping
Authors: Panzone Luca A. , Auch Natasha , Zizzo Daniel John 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe use an incentive-compatible experimental online supermarket to test the role of commitment and badges in reducing the carbon footprint of grocery shopping. In the experiment, some participants had the opportunity to voluntarily commit to a low carbon footprint basket before their online grocery shopping; the commitment was forced upon other participants. We also study the impact of an online badge as a soft reward for the achievement of a low carbon footprint basket. Participants from the general population shopped over two weeks, with the experimental stimuli only in week 2; and received their shopping baskets and any unspent budget. Results indicate that requesting a commitment prior to entering the store leads to a reduction in carbon footprint of 9–12%. When the commitment is voluntary, reductions are driven by consumers who accept the commitment. Commitments also reduced the consumption of fats and, for forced commitments, that of salt by 18%. Badges did not significantly impact consumer behaviour. Commitment mechanisms, either forced or voluntary, appear effective in motivating an environmental goal and search for low-carbon options, particularly in those accepting the commitment.
Interpolation, Satellite-Based Machine Learning, or Meteorological Simulation? A Comparison Analysis for Spatio-temporal Mapping of Mesoscale Urban Air Temperature
Authors: Hassani Amirhossein , Santos Gabriela Sousa , Schneider Philipp , Castell Núria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFine-resolution spatio-temporal maps of near-surface urban air temperature (Ta) provide crucial data inputs for sustainable urban decision-making, personal heat exposure, and climate-relevant epidemiological studies. The recent availability of IoT weather station data allows for high-resolution urban Ta mapping using approaches such as interpolation techniques or machine learning (ML). This study is aimed at executing these approaches and traditional numerical modeling within a practical and operational framework and evaluate their practicality and efficiency in cases where data availability, computational constraints, or specialized expertise pose challenges. We employ Netatmo crowd-sourced weather station data and three geospatial mapping approaches: (1) Ordinary Kriging, (2) statistical ML model (using predictors primarily derived from Earth Observation Data), and (3) weather research and forecasting model (WRF) to predict/map daily Ta at nearly 1-km spatial resolution in Warsaw (Poland) for June–September and compare the predictions against observations from 5 meteorological reference stations. The results reveal that ML can serve as a viable alternative approach to traditional kriging and numerical simulation, characterized by reduced complexity and higher computational speeds within the domain of urban meteorological studies (overall RMSE = 1.06 °C and R2 = 0.94, compared to ground-based meteorological stations). The results have implications for identifying the urban regions vulnerable to overheating and evidence-based urban management in response to climate change. Due to the open-sourced nature of the applied predictors and input parsimony, the ML method can be easily replicated for other EU cities.
How to Do Empirical Political Philosophy: A Case Study of Miller’s Argument for Needs-Based Justice
Authors: Pölzler Thomas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn recent years an increasing number of political philosophers have begun to ground their arguments in empirical evidence. I investigate this novel approach by way of example. The object of my case study is David Miller’s renewed empirical argument for a needs-based principle of justice. First, I introduce Miller’s argument. Then I raise four worries about the application of his methodology that give rise to corresponding general recommendations for how to do empirical political philosophy. Proponents of this approach should take care to (1) check for inappropriately narrow (and broad) samples, (2) verify studies’ relevance for their empirical hypotheses, (3) adjust their confidence to the available empirical evidence, and (4) properly integrate their hypotheses into their philosophical theorizing.
Temporal-scale assessment of population genetics of the freshwater fish Prochilodus magdalenae in an area impacted by construction of a dam
Authors: García-Castro Kevin León , Márquez Edna Judith 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHabitat fragmentation is among the main threats to freshwater fish biodiversity, with expected effects including genetic impacts due to disturbance of migration and declining population size. Major concern falls on highly exploited species such as Prochilodus magdalenae, a migratory characiform fish endemic to the Magdalena River basin supporting much of the Colombian artisanal fishery, whose migration route was interrupted by the Ituango hydroelectric project in the Cauca River. To determine the potential effects of fragmentation, this study evaluated the population genetics of this species on both geographical (upstream and downstream of the dam) and temporal (before and after the construction) scales by using 11 species-specific microsatellite markers. Contrary to expectation, genetic diversity and structure remained relatively stable. This study provided no evidence of genetic impacts on P. magdalenae associated with fragmentation over the short term (4–10 years, 5–12 generations) despite persisting threats, genetic evidence of bottleneck, and a high degree of inbreeding, showing the ability of this species to withstand disturbance of its habitat.