bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conscience and the continuum of constitutionalism: John Calvin on civil government
Authors: Lee Constance 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article examines John Calvin’s theology on its own terms with the aim of appreciating the normative basis and implications of his political theory. Although the claim that Calvin’s account of civil government falls within the category of political ‘theology’ is less controversial, the normative implications of his theological ontology for political actors are more commonly contested. Calvin seminally wrote ‘on Civil Government’ in Book IV, Chapter xx of the Institutes of the Christian Religion. In contrast, his accounts of conscience and natural law are far less systemized.1 This article contends that this reticence is not due to lack of importance but rather, due to its foundational nature. Indeed, the opening statement of the Institutes is indicative of the coherence of the Reformer’s thoughts wherein any emerging polity is composed of what this article refers to as the ‘spheres-of-influence’ scheme—a normative system originating inward from the vertical relationship every human agent has with the divine, and then extending horizontally outwards to bind the collective in a common system of values. Such an ontology is predicated on the concepts of conscience and the divine image, which renders all persons, who possess this natural repository of moral knowledge, accountable to transcendent standards of virtue. It follows that when we overlay this ‘continuum’2 onto a constitutional framework, we place the priority, not on the individual rights of the citizen, but on the responsibilities of all political actors whereby others precede the self and the common good prevails over self-interest.
Temperature shapes language sonority: Revalidation from a large dataset
Authors: Wang Tianheng , Wichmann Søren , Xia Quansheng , Ran Qibin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMultiple factors of the natural environment have been found to impact and mold the phonetic patterns of human speech, among which the potential correlation between sonority and temperature has garnered significant attention. We leverage a large database containing basic vocabularies of 5,293 languages and calculate the average sonority for each language by adopting a universal sonority scale. Our findings confirm a positive correlation between sonority and temperature across macroareas and language families, whereas this relationship cannot be discerned within language families. We suggest that the adaptation of the distribution of speech sounds within languages is a slow process which is moreover insensitive to minor differences in temperature experienced by speakers as they carry their languages to new regions. Nevertheless, at the global level a solid relationship emerges. Furthermore, we delve deeper into the nature of the relationship and contend that it is mainly due to cold temperatures having a weakening effect on sonority. This research provides compelling additional evidence that climatic factors contribute to shaping language and its evolution.
Systematic assessment of transcriptomic and metabolic reprogramming by blue light exposure coupled with aging
Authors: Huang Jia , Zhou Fan , Zhou Huanchan , Zheng Xiaoqi , Huo Zhengyi , Yang Meng , Xu Zihe , Liu Runzhou , Wang Luoluo , Wang Xiaoyun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The prevalent use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has caused revolutionary changes in modern life, but the potential hazards to health of blue light are poorly understood. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent posttranscriptional modification in eukaryotes and can modulate diverse physiological processes by regulating mRNA fate. Here, to understand the effects and molecular mechanisms of daily low-intensity blue light exposure (BLE) and ascertain whether m6A methylation plays a role in BLE-induced phenotypes, we constructed a series of Drosophila models under different durations of daily low-intensity BLE and obtained multiomics profiles. Our results revealed that BLE could induce transcriptomic, m6A epitranscriptomic, and metabolomic reprogramming in Drosophila along with aging process. Importantly, the m6A methylation sites enriched in the 5′ untranslated regions (UTRs) of Drosophila transcripts showed strong age specificity and could be altered by BLE. We experimentally validated that aging-related gene Tor and circadian rhythm-related gene per were regulated by 5′ UTR-enriched m6A methylation. Overall, our study provides a systematic assessment of m6A RNA methylome reprogramming by BLE and aging in Drosophila model.
The Complete and Gapless Genome Sequence of the Sugarbeet Pathogen Cercospora beticola
Authors: Wyatt Nathan A. , Spanner Rebecca E. , Bolton Melvin D. 
Published: December 2023

Cercospora beticola, causal agent of Cercospora leaf spot of sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris), is the most economically damaging foliar pathogen inhibiting sugarbeet production. Despite the global importance of C. beticola, significant knowledge gaps exist pertaining to pathogen virulence and adaptation to management practices that include the use of resistant host varieties and the application of different fungicide chemistries. The lack of a high-quality reference genome for C. beticola has hindered research progression addressing these critical knowledge gaps. Here, we report the complete and gapless genome assembly and annotation of the reference C. beticola isolate Cb09-40. We identified misassembled regions in the previous reference genome and annotated previously missing protein-coding genes. This work establishes a high-quality reference genome that can serve as the foundation for future comparative genomic, population genetic, and evolutionary studies into the virulence and evolution of this important plant pathogen. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Association Between Doula Use on a Digital Health Platform and Birth Outcomes
Authors: Karwa Smriti , Jahnke Hannah , Brinson Alison , Shah Neel , Guille Constance , Henrich Natalie 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To examine the association between the use of virtual doula appointments on a comprehensive digital health platform and users' mode of birth and their birth experiences, among all platform users and Black platform users.

METHODS:
Data for this retrospective cohort study were extracted from individuals who enrolled in a comprehensive digital health platform, between January 1, 2020, and April 22, 2023. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between number of virtual doula appointments completed on the digital health platform and odds of cesarean birth and user-reported birth experience outcomes, which included help deciding a birth preference, receiving a high level of support during pregnancy, learning medically accurate information about pregnancy complications and warning signs, and managing mental health during pregnancy, stratified by parity. The interaction of doula utilization by race for each outcome was also tested.

RESULTS:
Overall 8,989 platform users were included. The completion of at least two appointments with a virtual doula on the digital health platform was associated with a reduction in odds of cesarean birth among all users (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.80, 95% CI, 0.65–0.99) and among Black users (aOR 0.32, 95% CI, 0.14–0.72). Among platform users with a history of cesarean birth, completion of any number of doula visits was associated with a reduction in odds of repeat cesarean birth (one visit: aOR 0.35, 95% CI, 0.17–0.72; two or more visits: aOR 0.37, 95% CI, 0.17–0.83). Analyses among all users indicated dose–response associations between increased virtual doula use and greater odds of users reporting support in deciding a birth preference (one visit: aOR 2.35, 95% CI, 2.02–2.74; two or more visits: aOR 3.67, 95% CI, 3.03–4.44), receiving a high level of emotional support during pregnancy (one visit: aOR 1.99, 95% CI, 1.74–2.28; two or more visits: aOR 3.26, 95% CI, 2.70–3.94), learning medically accurate information about pregnancy complications and warning signs (one visit: aOR 1.26, 95% CI, 1.10–1.44; two or more visits: aOR 1.55, 95% CI, 1.29–1.88), and help managing mental health during pregnancy (one visit: aOR 1.28, 95% CI, 1.05–1.56; two or more visits: aOR 1.78, 95% CI, 1.40–2.26).

CONCLUSION:
This analysis demonstrates that virtual doula support on a digital health platform is associated with lower odds of cesarean birth and an improved birth experience. Positive findings among Black users and users with vaginal birth after cesarean suggest that doula support is critical for patient advocacy, and that digital health may play a meaningful role in increasing health equity in birth outcomes.
A mobile health application for prostate cancer antigen dosage: is it time to say goodbye to classic screening methods?
Authors: Di Bello Francesco , di Mauro Ernesto , Fusco Giovanni Maria , Falcone Alfonso , Pezone Gabriele , Ruvolo Claudia Collà , Califano Gianluigi , Fraia Agostino , Passaro Francesco , Pepillo Francesco , Ranieri Alessandro , Alvino Pierluigi , Mastrangelo Francesco , Turco Carmine , Cirillo Luigi , Franzese Corrado Aniello , La Rocca Roberto , Creta Massimiliano , Longo Nicola , Napolitano Luigi 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To evaluate the quality of apps for prostate cancer antigen (PSA) dosage, available for downloading on the iOS and Android platforms, discussing the potential role of mobile health applications (MHAs) in update the screening protocol.

Methods
An observational cross-sectional descriptive study of all smartphone apps for PSA dosage was performed through the most used platforms (iOS and Android). On 10 February 2023, a total of 457 apps were found according to the search criteria. Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) was adopted to assess apps’ quality. Then, MARS items were analyzed through descriptive statistics and bivariate correlations between study variables with Pearson’s coefficient.

Results
Of all samples, 24 MHAs were included in the final analysis: 12% (n = 3) from the iTunes App Store and 88% (n = 21) from the Google Play Store. According to the MARS quality assessment, the mean values 2.61, 2.94, 3.11, 2.97, 2.94, and 2.63 were measured for the engagement, functionality, aesthetics, information, overall mean score, and subjective quality, respectively.

Conclusion
The MHAs for PSA were under the acceptability threshold and future improvements are required. Moreover, MHAs appropriately developed could play an active role in PSA screening campaign and adherence of follow-up regimens. Finally, the virtual instrument could both reduce the social divide of access to care for patients in rural areas and improve PCA detection, speeding up the active treatment.
Incidence and Clinical Features of Immunologic Rejection After Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty
Authors: Kasamatsu Hirotsugu , Yamaguchi Takefumi , Yagi-Yaguchi Yukari , Nishisako Sota , Tomida Daisuke , Akiyama Masato , Murata Toshinori , Shimazaki Jun 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and clinical features of immunologic rejection after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK).

Methods:
This study included 411 patients (464 eyes, median age [interquartile range; IQR] 55.8 years [36.1–69.5]) who underwent DALK at Tokyo Dental College between June 1997 and 2021. Of 411 patients, 24 (24 eyes [5.2%], 51.9 years [IQR 31.6–65.4]) developed immunologic rejection. We characterized the clinical features, risk factors associated with immunologic rejection, and prognosis.

Results:
The interval between DALK and immunologic rejection was 14.5 (range, 5–78) months. Immunologic rejection occurred after cessation/reduction of topical steroid in 9 (47.4%) and suture removal in 4 eyes (21.1%). The postoperative duration of topical steroid use in eyes with immunologic rejection was significantly shorter (10.0 months, [IQR 6.0–14.0]) than those without immunologic rejection (28.3 [IQR 15.8–42.7], P = 0.001). Immunologic rejection manifested as stromal edema in 19 (100.0%), ciliary hyperemia in 17 (89.5%), keratic precipitates in 13 (68.4%), epithelial edema in 13 (68.4%), infiltration in 9 (47.4%), corneal opacity in 4 (21.1%), and Descemet membrane detachment in 2 eyes (10.5%). After treatment, corneal clarity was restored in 17 eyes (89.5%); however, immunologic rejection led to corneal endothelial decompensation in 2 eyes (10.5%). Endothelial cell density decreased from 1795.7 ± 722.6 to 1651.6 ± 655.6 cells/mm2 after immunologic rejection (P = 0.074).

Conclusions:
Post-DALK immunologic rejection was associated with specific clinical triggers such as reduction/cessation of topical steroids or suture removal.
Successful robotic kidney transplantation for surgeons with no experience in minimally invasive surgery: a single institution experience
Authors: Kim Hyun Jeong , Jeong Wooju , Lee Juhan , Yang Seok Jeong , Lee Jong Soo , Na Joon Chae , Han Woong Kyu , Huh Kyu Ha 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Robotic kidney transplantation (RKT) is a novel and welcomed innovation yielding good surgical outcomes. However, data on the feasibility and safety of performing RKT by surgeons with a lack of prior minimally invasive surgery (MIS) experience are limited. The authors aimed to evaluate the surgical and functional results of RKT and present the learning curves (LC) of RKT by a single surgeon with no prior experience in MIS.

Materials and methods:
This was a retrospective study of all RKT performed between November 2019 and April 2023 at Severance Hospital in Seoul, South Korea. The authors analyzed surgical and functional outcomes, as well as complication rates of RKT in comparison to open kidney transplantation (OKT). The authors evaluated LCs using the cumulative summation method to describe the number of cases associated with the competency of a single surgeon.

Results:
A total of 50 patients who underwent RKT and 104 patients who underwent OKT were included in this study. In RKT group, the median surgical console time was 193 min (interquartile range, 172–222) and the median vascular anastomoses time was 38 min (35–44). Total operation time was 323 min (290–371) and rewarming time was 62.5 min (56.0–70.0) in RKT group compared to 210 min (190–239) and 25 min (21–30), respectively, in OKT group. Despite extended surgical durations with a robotic technique, both groups had comparable intraoperative and postoperative outcomes, as well as renal function. Estimated blood loss and post-transplant hospital stays were significantly lower in RKT group than in OKT group. LC analysis of RKT by the single surgeon revealed that surgical competence was achieved after 15 cases.

Conclusion:
Even if surgeons do not have prior experience with MIS, they can rapidly overcome the LC and safely perform RKT with adequate preparation and acquisition of basic robotic surgical techniques.
Predictors and mortality of new onset postoperative atrial fibrillation after STAAD surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Li Dongjie , Fang Zhou , Liu Maomao , Li Haibin , Zhang Hongjia , Li Haiyang , Liu Yuyong , Jiang Wenjian 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Data on new onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after Stanford type A dissection (STAAD) surgery was limited. This study aimed to detect the risk factors for developing POAF after STAAD procedures and the association between POAF and in-hospital mortality.

Methods:
A total of 1354 patients who underwent surgical treatment for STAAD in Beijing Anzhen hospital were enrolled in this single-center retrospective study from January 2015 to October 2020. POAF were defined as atrial fibrillation/flutter requiring treatment after surgery procedure. Logistic model was conducted to detect the predictors of POAF, and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and subgroup analysis were used to compare the mortality of POAF and non-POAF groups.

Results:
There were 176 patients (13.0%) diagnosed with POAF according to the definition. Multivariate logistics analyses revealed that advanced age [odds ratio (OR), 1.07; 95% CI: 1.05–1.08; P<0.001)], creatinine (OR, 1.00; 95% CI: 1.00–1.01; P=0.001) and cross-clamp time (OR, 1.00; 95% CI: 1.00–1.01; P=0.021) were independent risk factors of developing POAF in STAAD patients. POAF patients were associated with significantly higher in-hospital mortality compared with non-POAF patients (6.5 vs. 19.9%, OR, 3.60; 95% CI: 2.30–5.54; P<0.001), IPTW and subgroup analysis had reached consistent conclusions.

Conclusions:
The incidence of POAF was 13.0% after STAAD surgery, advanced age, creatinine, and cross-clamp time were independent risk factors of developing POAF in STAAD patients. POAF is associated with increased mortality after STAAD procedures.
Pharmacists Colocated With Primary Care Physicians
Authors: Hawes Emily M. , Page Cristen , Galloway Evan , McClurg Mary Roth , Lombardi Brianna 
Published: December 2023

Background:
While evidence supports interprofessional primary care models that include pharmacists, the extent to which pharmacists are working in primary care and the factors associated with colocation is unknown.

Objectives:
This study aimed to analyze the physical colocation of pharmacists with primary care providers (PCPs) and examine predictors associated with colocation.

Research Design:
This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of pharmacists and PCPs with individual National Provider Identifiers in the National Plan and Provider Enumeration System’s database. Pharmacist and PCP practice addresses of the health care professionals were geocoded, and distances less than 0.1 miles were considered physically colocated.

Subjects:
In all, 502,373 physicians and 221,534 pharmacists were included.

Results:
When excluding hospital-based pharmacists, 1 in 10 (11%) pharmacists were colocated with a PCP. Pharmacists in urban settings were more likely to be colocated than those in rural areas (OR=1.32, CI: 1.26–1.38). Counties with the highest proportion of licensed pharmacists per 100,000 people in the county had higher colocation (OR=1.38, CI: 1.32–1.45). Colocation was significantly higher in states with an expanded scope of practice (OR 1.37, CI: 1.32–1.42) and those that have expanded Medicaid (OR 1.07, CI: 1.03–1.11). Colocated pharmacists more commonly worked in larger physician practices.

Conclusion:
Although including pharmacists on primary care teams improves clinical outcomes, reduces health care costs, and enhances patient and provider experience, colocation appears to be unevenly dispersed across the United States, with lower rates in rural areas. As the integration of pharmacists in primary care continues to expand, knowing the prevalence and facilitators of growth will be helpful to policymakers, researchers, and clinical administrators.
The clinical utility of three frailty measures in identifying HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
Authors: Moore David J. , Sun-Suslow Ni , Nichol Ariadne A. , Paolillo Emily W. , Saloner Rowan , Letendre Scott L. , Iudicello Jennifer , Morgan Erin E. 
Published: December 2023

Objective:
Frailty measures vary widely and the optimal measure for predicting HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) is unclear.

Design:
A study was conducted to examine the clinical utility of three widely used frailty measures in identifying HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.

Methods:
The study involved 284 people with HIV (PWH) at least 50 years enrolled at UC San Diego's HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program. Frailty measurements included the Fried Phenotype, the Rockwood Frailty Index, and the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) Index. HAND was diagnosed according to Frascati criteria. ANOVAs examined differences in frailty severity across HAND conditions. ROC analyses evaluated sensitivity and specificity of each measure to detect symptomatic HAND [mild neurocognitive disorder (MND) and HIV-associated dementia (HAD)] from no HAND.

Results:
Across all frailty measures, frailty was found to be higher in HAD compared with no HAND. For Fried and Rockwood (not VACS), frailty was significantly more severe in MND vs. no HAND and in HAD vs. ANI (asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment). For discriminating symptomatic HAND from no HAND, Fried was 37% sensitive and 92% specific, Rockwood was 85% sensitive and 43% specific, and VACS was 58% sensitive and 65% specific.

Conclusion:
These findings demonstrate that Fried and Rockwood outperform VACS in predicting HAND. However, ROC analyses suggest none of the indices had adequate predictive validity in detecting HAND. The results indicate that the combined use of the Rockwood and Fried indices may be an appropriate alternative.
Promising Therapeutic Activity of 177Lu-PSMA-617 in Synchronous High-Volume Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
Authors: Satapathy Swayamjeet , Yadav Madhav Prasad , Ballal Sanjana , Sahoo Ranjit Kumar , Bal Chandrasekhar 
Published: December 2023

Purpose

177Lu-PSMA-617 has been shown to improve survival outcomes in patients with end-stage metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, data in earlier lines remain limited. In this study, we intended to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 177Lu-PSMA-617 in patients with synchronous high-volume metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC).

Patients and Methods
Hormone-sensitive prostate cancer patients with synchronous high-volume metastases (defined as ≥4 skeletal metastases with ≥1 extra-axial site or any visceral metastasis) showing high PSMA expression on 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and ineligible/unwilling for conventional chemohormonal treatment options were selected. Approximately, ~5.55–7.4 GBq of 177Lu-PSMA-617 was administered intravenously at 8–12 weeks intervals, up to 6 cycles. All patients underwent concomitant androgen deprivation therapy/orchiectomy. The outcome measures included the proportion of patients achieving an undetectable serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (ie, ≤0.2 ng/mL) at any time point after therapy, best PSA response rate, objective radiographic response rate, radiographic progression-free survival, overall survival, and adverse events.

Results
Ten patients with high-volume mHSPC received a median cumulative activity of 32.4 GBq (range, 7.4–44.4) of 177Lu-PSMA-617 over 1–6 cycles. Five patients (50%) achieved an undetectable PSA with 9 patients (90%) showing a ≥50% decline in PSA from baseline. Nine patients underwent radiological follow-up, of which 7 (77.8%) had an objective response. The median radiographic progression-free survival was 24 months (95% confidence interval, 18–30), whereas the median overall survival was not reached. None of the patients had any grade 3/4 adverse event.

Conclusions

177Lu-PSMA-617 seems to be a promising efficacious and safe treatment option for patients with synchronous high-volume mHSPC.