bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The posterior cruciate ligament angle in the setting of anterior cruciate ligament deficient knees: the effect of gender, age, time from injury and tibial slope
Authors: Di Maria Fabrizio , D’Ambrosi Riccardo , Sconfienza Luca Maria , Fusco Stefano , Abermann Elisabeth , Fink Christian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to assess the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) angle in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficient knees and correlate it with anatomical and demographic factors such as tibial slope, anterior tibial translation, age, gender, and time of injury.

Material and methods
Patients were eligible for inclusion if they were clinically diagnosed with an ACL tear confirmed by MRI. For each patient, the following parameters were evaluated: PCL angle (PCLA), medial tibial slope (MTS), lateral tibial slope (LTS), medial anterior tibial translation (MATT), and lateral anterior tibial translation (LATT).

Results
A total of 193 patients were included in the study, comprising 91 (47.2%) females and 102 (52.8%) males, with a mean age of 30.27 ± 12.54 years. The mean time from injury to MRI was 14.18 ± 55.77 days. In the overall population, the mean PCL angle was 128.72 ± 10.33°, the mean medial tibial slope was 3.57 ± 2.33°, and the mean lateral tibial slope was 6.07 ± 3.52°. The mean medial and lateral anterior tibial translations were 4.76 ± 2.02 mm and 7.01 ± 2.48 mm, respectively. In 190 cases (98.4%), the PCL angle was ≥ 105°. The PCL angle negatively correlated with medial and lateral anterior tibial translation (p < 0.05). Females exhibited a higher PCL angle compared to males (p = 0.019).

Conclusion
In the context of ACL lesions, the PCL angle has a normal value in acute injuries (> 105°) and decreases over time. The PCL angle is negatively correlated with anterior tibial translation, and females have a higher PCL angle compared to males.

Level of evidence IV
Retrospective Cohort.
The Wisdom of Negativity: Embracing Public Concerns About Emerging Technologies
Authors: Dixson Henry G. W. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
There can be a temptation to dismiss moral pushback against novel science and technology, particularly commonplace labels for nanotechnology and synthetic biology like “playing God” or “messing with nature". One of the reasons for this is an implicit association between tragic themes and a lack of constructive benefit. Therefore, this paper uses concepts from art and cinema to offer a new perspective on public "fears": ecstatic reframing. By treating negative narratives not as roadblocks to progress, but portals into latent dreams, this novel method reframes such views as housing a positive vision. However, while this offers a new approach regarding public talk of emerging science and technology, lay ethics is ultimately insufficient to deal with the underlying problems that stimulate their tragic tone. This paper uses a classic concept from anthropology--rites of passage--to argue that public unease is fundamentally cultural: modernity's lack of a collectively agreed upon worldview and primordial ritual structure for stewarding change. This "cultural deficit" may lie at the core of tragic narratives regarding emerging science and technology.
Assessing levels of flourishing: Diener’s flourishing scale reveals greater insights into low flourishing in a Hungarian sample
Authors: Varga Balázs András , Oláh Attila , Urbán Róbert , Jakab Judit , Vargha András 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The present study seeks to validate Diener’s flourishing scale in the context of a sizable Hungarian sample and explore its informative characteristics across diverse score ranges to discern the levels of flourishing accurately captured by the instrument. A large cross-sectional sample (N = 1540) was used for the study. The analyses, including Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), established model fit and invariance across distinct groups (sex and education), validating the scale’s construct validity. Correlative validities were assessed by examining associations with Savoring and PERMA constructs, along with their subscales. Additionally, Item Response Theory (IRT) was used to explore the latent relationship between flourishing and its constituent items. The study strongly supported the one-dimensional model of flourishing by confirming its factor structure within the Hungarian context. Measurement invariance across gender and education was established, ensuring consistent measurement across diverse groups. The Flourishing Scale displayed robust validity, correlating significantly with Savoring and PERMA constructs (r =|0.39| to|0.71|). Nevertheless, the IRT analysis revealed limitations for scores above the mean, indicating higher standard errors and reduced precision in assessing flourishing levels, particularly for respondents with elevated scores. The Diener’s flourishing scale demonstrated robust fit and exhibited commendable reliability and validity within the extensive Hungarian sample under investigation. However, the IRT findings underscored the need for cautious interpretation when gauging higher levels of flourishing, as the scale’s precision may be somewhat compromised in this range.
Measuring psychological flexibility and inflexibility: further psychometric evidence of the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory short form (MPFI-24) in Spanish population
Authors: Barrado-Moreno Victoria , Esteve Rosa , López-Martínez Alicia E. , Ramírez-Maestre Carmen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI) is a recently developed measure of psychological flexibility and inflexibility (PF and PI) based on the Hexaflex/Inflexahex Model. The aim of this article was to assess the factorial structure, reliability, and convergent and criterion validity of the MPFI-24 in a sample from Spain. The MPFI-24 was tested in a sample of 508 university students (Study 1). Items comprising the acceptance and Experiential Avoidance (EA) subscales were rewritten and tested in a sample of 406 university students (Study 2). Participants completed online cross-sectional surveys including the Spanish MPFI-24, and measures of PF, PI, and mental health. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a six-component first-order factor structure for PF and for PI. The MPFI-24 demonstrated acceptable internal consistency, temporal stability, and convergent and criterion validity. The MPFI-24 is a promising tool. Potential areas for improvement of the measure are discussed.
An Inventory of Problems (IOP) Study of Symptom and Performance Validity in a Sample of Driver’s License Renewal or Reinstatement Applicants
Authors: Laera Domenico , Pignolo Claudia , Barbara Giuseppina , Carucci Maria , Giromini Luciano , Erdodi Laszlo , Pasqualini Sara , Lorenzoni Alessandro , Zennaro Alessandro , Chiloiro Dora 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the specificity of the Inventory of Problems (IOP) tests, specifically the IOP-29 and its memory module (IOP-M), in a high-stakes environment. The study involved 114 Italian adults who applied for the renewal or reinstatement of their driver’s license after it had been revoked due to psychiatric, cognitive, or legal issues. The IOP-29 and the IOP-M were administered alongside other tests. Data analysis revealed very few positive results for both the IOP-29 and the IOP-M, indicating high specificity in detecting a possible negative response bias. In fact, the false positive rate (or, more accurately, the presumably false positive rate) was less than 5% for each of the two IOP components, meaning that the specificity for the standard cutoff values of each IOP component (i.e., IOP-29 ≥ 0.50 and IOP-M ≤ 29) was above 0.95. Taken together, these results contribute to the growing body of research supporting the use of the IOP-29 and IOP-M in applied settings where mild cognitive impairment might be present. However, further studies are needed to validate these results in populations with moderate or severe cognitive impairment.
Evaluating Greeting Models for Human-Robot Engagement During First Encounters
Authors: Avelino João , Moreno Plinio , Correia Filipa , Garcia-Marques Leonel , Ventura Rodrigo , Bernardino Alexandre 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Engagement during first encounters needs both parties to comprehend each other’s intent without mutual information. A robot may fail to engage someone because people are unaware of the robot’s presence or intent to interact, or because they are uninterested in interacting with robots. In this paper, we compared three different greeting strategies for mobile social robots in first encounters with humans using the Kendon’s greeting protocol, which was derived from observations of human greeting behaviors. The theoretical protocol defines a sequence of six phases during greetings: initiation of the approach, distance salutation, head dip, approach, final approach, and close salutation. The three greeting strategies we compare in our empirical studies specifically implement the first three phases of the Kendon’s model (M1), the six phases (M2), or the six phases as a response of the human greeting phase (M3). We performed a user study during a public art exhibition in two different situations: in-the-wild and with invited participants. The results of these two experiments combined both quantitative and qualitative measures and support that people’s engagement and impressions of the robot can be enhanced when the robot employs M2 and M3, compared to M1. Our results generally support that Kendon’s greeting model is effective in human-robot first encounters for mobile social robots. We also discuss important considerations for running in-the-wild robotic experiments.
New functionalized magnetite chitosan–heterocyclic nanocomposites excelling in Cd2+ removal from aqueous solution with biological activity
Authors: Fouda Safaa R. , Abuessawy Asmaa , Abdel-Rahman Adel A.-H. , S.El-Hema Hagar , Eisa Mohamed N. , Hawata Mohamed A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Newly modified magnetic chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized for the high-efficiency removal of cadmium ions from aquatic environments. The structure and morphology of the composites were confirmed using FTIR, TGA, XRD, BET, SEM, TEM, SAED pattern analysis, and zeta potential. Under optimal conditions (pH = 6.0, contact time = 120 min, and sorbent dosage = 0.005 g/100 mL), the maximum removal of Cd (II) by synthesized samples MC, SA, and SB was 90.8%, 95%, and 95.15%, respectively. The kinetic data at optimal pH = 6 could be accurately described using a pseudo-second-order equation, while the Langmuir isotherm model best represented the sorption process. The Langmuir Qmax values for the synthesized nanocomposites S*, S3, S4, S*t, S3t, and S4t were 243.90, 250, 270.27, 212.76, 237.09, and 238.09, respectively. The thermodynamic analysis of these samples shows that the sorption process was exothermic (negative ∆H°) − 15.148, − 13.60, − 13.18, − 18.163, − 16.820, and − 16.06 kJmol−1, respectively. This implies that the diffusion of Cd(II) on the sorbent decreased with the temperature rise. The positive values of ΔS⁰ were 152.37, 147.80, 146.83, 160.94, 157.08, and 154.93 kJmol−1, respectively. The antimicrobial properties of the functionalized sorbents SA and SB were evaluated by measuring the zone of inhibition (ZOI) against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae, representing Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively. SA and SB showed promising activity, demonstrating clear zones of (20 ± 0.2 and 18 ± 0.4 mm), and (22 ± 0.2 and 20 ± 0.4 mm) for S. aureus and K. pneumoniae, respectively. Additionally, these sorbents demonstrated moderate antioxidant activity, with the highest scavenging percentages of 94.20% and 96.63%, respectively, at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL, as assessed by the DPPH method.
Physical experimental simulation of unconventional reservoir formation process for carboniferous in Hudson Oilfield, Tarim Basin
Authors: Wang Rujun , Tang Yongliang , Zhou Wei , Zhou Daiyu , Wu Zangyuan , Shao Guangqiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study conducts a comprehensive investigation into theformation mechanisms of unconventional oil reservoirs within the Carboniferous strata of the Hudson Oilfield in the Tarim Basin. By combining extensive geological surveys with a custom-built, physically simulated cross-sectional model, this work elucidates the intricate interlayer distribution and its profound impact on reservoir heterogeneity. The non-equilibrium dynamics at the oil–water interface are revealed, shedding light on how variations in reservoir properties influence hydrocarbon migration and accumulation patterns. Through a detailed examination of the interplay among Carboniferous stratigraphy, reservoir instability, and trap adjustments, the findings yield several key outcomes: a demonstrated correlation between randomly distributed calcareous interlayers and resulting in a 30% increase in heterogeneity indices over conventional models. Documentation of oil–water interface inclinations exceeding 100 m and lateral hydrocarbon reversals in 20% of examined reservoirs, contradicting conventional understanding. Evidence that porosity and permeability fluctuations significantly affect hydrocarbon accumulations, leading to a 45% discrepancy in recoverable reserve estimates. And the application of advanced simulations, enhancing unconventional reservoir prediction accuracy by 25% compared to standard geological techniques. These collective insights significantly advance the understanding of Carboniferous unconventional reservoir evolution, informing future exploration strategies and challenging established theories in petroleum geoscience. This highlights the necessity of accounting for reservoir instability and interlayer intricacy in deciphering unconventional hydrocarbon systems.
The Role of Nutrition and Nutritional Supplements in the Prevention and Treatment of Malnutrition in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Current Approaches in Nutrition Therapy
Authors: Tuna Tuğba , Samur Gülhan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Malnutrition is a significant comorbidity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), contributing to disease progression and reduced quality of life. This narrative review examines the role of nutritional therapy in the prevention and management of malnutrition in COPD, emphasizing evidence-based approaches and their clinical implications.

Recent Findings
COPD patients face increased metabolic demands, systemic inflammation, and reduced dietary intake, resulting in muscle wasting, sarcopenia, and cachexia. Recent evidence highlights the efficacy of targeted nutritional strategies, including essential amino acid supplementation, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, and antioxidants, in improving respiratory function, muscle strength, and patient well-being. Comprehensive nutritional assessments and personalized interventions are increasingly recognized as critical components of COPD care. However, long-term efficacy data remain limited.

Summary
Nutritional therapy plays a pivotal role in managing malnutrition and improving clinical outcomes in COPD. This review synthesizes the latest evidence, identifies gaps in current research, and proposes strategies for integrating personalized nutrition into COPD care. Future studies are needed to establish the long-term benefits of these interventions and to develop tailored nutritional guidelines for COPD patients.
Defining Hyperphagia for Improved Diagnosis and Management of MC4R Pathway–Associated Disease: A Roundtable Summary
Authors: Heymsfield Steven B. , Clément Karine , Dubern Beatrice , Goldstone Anthony P. , Haqq Andrea M. , Kühnen Peter , Richards Jesse , Roth Christian L. , Akker Erica L. T. van den , Wabitsch Martin , Yanovski Jack A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose of review
Hyperphagia is a condition associated with rare obesity-related diseases, presenting as a pathologic, insatiable hunger accompanied by abnormal food-seeking behaviors. In October 2023, a group of researchers and clinicians with expert knowledge on hyperphagia convened at the annual ObesityWeek meeting to discuss the need for a unified definition of hyperphagia and key items necessary to improve the identification, assessment, and treatment of hyperphagia in patients with melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) pathway–associated diseases.

Recent findings
The definition of hyperphagia proposed by this group is a pathologic, insatiable hunger accompanied by abnormal food-seeking behaviors. Suggested methods to accurately identify patients with hyperphagia include increased physician and parent/caregiver education and standardized efficient screening procedures for use in the clinic. The etiology of hyperphagia as related to abnormal MC4R signaling was also reviewed and proposed as a central cause of the condition across several underlying diseases.

Summary
Given this potential unified underlying pathology, the expert group recommends that patients with hyperphagia undergo genetic testing and that treatment include comprehensive weight-management strategies incorporating lifestyle and pharmacotherapies targeted at addressing hyperphagia.
Evaluating the Effects of a Teacher-Implemented Mindfulness-Based Intervention on Teacher Stress and Student Prosocial Behavior
Authors: Phan Mary L. , Renshaw Tyler L. , Domenech Rodríguez Melanie M. , Brunson McClain Maryellen , Ler Moo Eh , Humphries Austin , Parker Breanna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This pilot study evaluated the effects of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) on teacher stress and coping as well as students’ prosocial classroom behavior. This study also explored the implementation fidelity and social validity of this MBI with teachers. This study used a single-case multiple baseline design across four elementary teachers. The MBI consisted of self-practice and a proactively culturally-adapted classroom-based intervention. We gathered data on teacher stress and coping as well as student prosocial behavior in the classroom for two weeks. Teachers received weekly in-person fidelity checks and performance feedback. MBI sustainability was monitored with two-week and one-month follow-up questionnaires post-intervention. MBI self-practice and classroom-based implementation were conducted with high fidelity and had strong social validity. The MBI decreased teacher stress for two of four teachers and improved coping abilities for two of four teachers. Further, three of four teachers reported the MBI had small yet desirable effects on students’ academic engagement, respectful behavior, and disruptive behavior in the classroom. Although results show potential promises in the short-term, follow-ups suggested the MBI had poor sustainability. This study provides proof of concept for the MBI’s potential to positively affect both teachers and students, but more research is needed to understand the mixed results. Results have practical implications for informing future research related to using MBI to reduce teacher stress and coping as well as for improving students’ classroom behavior. We hope this study encourages researchers to engage in MBIs to promote teacher and student well-being.
Basic Considerations for Data Pooling Strategy in Multi-Regional Clinical Trials (MRCTs)
Authors: Song Jiali , Ji Chen , Chen Meng , Dong Jun , Zhu Chao , Wu Haiyan , Zhang Wei , Zhang Kezhou , Yu Bing , Wang Yun , Zhang Hua , Jia Fan , Hou Yan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The National Medical Products Administration of China has been implementing ICH E17, which describes the general principles for planning and designing of multi-regional clinical trials (MRCTs), yet there are several ambiguities in the execution and conduct remains in China or East Asia. In specific, pooling strategy, effect modifiers (EMs), statistical analysis, sample size allocation and their impact in alignment with global trial remains a challenge. In this paper, we explore on the criteria mentioned above under the context of China. EMs need to be determined and identified from intrinsic and extrinsic factors which might have the impact to the drug on specific populations. If no EMs are found, we use pooling by regions to understand whether differences across East Asian population exists, and whether pooling by East Asian is necessary. Statistical models used in the analysis are also listed to estimate the drug effect in pooled populations. In summary, this paper outlines the details of the MRCTs practices in China and provides better insights in practice both domestically and internationally for any future improvements.
Examination of mechanical properties of 3D printed geopolymer mortar using the Taguchi method
Authors: Tanyildizi Harun , Coskun Ahmet , Seloglu Maksut , Durmaz Taner 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study examined the strength features of 3D printed fly ash-based geopolymer mortar with silica fume using the Taguchi and ANOVA methods. This study used the Taguchi L18(21 × 32) orthogonal array. Silica fume was used in the mixtures at 0% and 10% of the binder weight. 40 × 40 × 160 mm specimens were manufactured by a 3D printer. After the specimens were produced, they were cured at 80 °C for 24, 48, and 72 h. Then, these specimens were kept at 20 ± 2 °C for 3, 7, and 28 days. Lastly, the microstructural features, compressive strength, and flexural strength of the samples were determined. The ANOVA results found that the most affecting parameter for the strength properties of geopolymer mortars was found to be silica fume. Also, the Taguchi method found that optimum values of silica fume, curing time, and curing day for strength properties of geopolymer mortar were 10%, 48 h, and 28 days, respectively.
Unraveling the Distinct Roles of Snowmelt and Glacier‐Melt on Agricultural Water Availability: A Novel Indicator and Its Application in a Glacierized Basin of China’s Arid Region
Authors: Zha Hang , Zhang Fan , Zhang Hongbo , Tang Shizhen , Zhang Longhui , Luo Lun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMountain runoff is a vital water source for irrigation in global arid regions. Investigating the roles of major mountain runoff components such as snowmelt and glacier‐melt, on downstream irrigation water availability is important for understanding water resource security. Snowmelt and glacier‐melt have different timing and availability. However, their potentially distinct impacts on water supplies for downstream irrigation have been seldom investigated previously. This study proposes a novel indicator, Irrigation Dependence on runoff Component (IDC), to assess the individual impact of different runoff components on irrigation water availability, considering water supply, water demand and their relationship. Applying IDC to the Yarkant River basin (YRB) in China’s arid region, mainly fed by mountain runoff from the northern Tibetan Plateau, reveals that, despite glacier‐melt runoff being the primary contributor to total runoff in the YRB, irrigation water availability is generally more reliant on snowmelt runoff due to seasonal variations in the water supply/demand relationship. Further sensitivity tests under 48 climate scenarios indicate that IDC of glacier‐melt runoff significantly increases under drier climates, while that of snowmelt runoff decreases as the climate warms, implying potentially increased importance of glacier‐melt in future, especially under drier conditions and during the transition season. Additionally, the crucial role of anthropogenic factors, including changes in planting area and irrigation water use efficiency, in influencing irrigation water demand is highlighted for improved estimation. This study provides important implications on how cryosphere changes impact water resources management and an efficient indicator for further studies in glacierized arid basins globally.