bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supporting Smart Manufacturing in the Space Industry: A Case Study
Authors: Arman Ala , Lombardo Andrea , Monti Flavia , Mecella Massimo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn the era of Industry 4.0, the New Space Economy, often called Space 4.0, has taken center stage in the satellite industry. The advent of mega‐constellations, which entails mass satellite production, necessitates state‐of‐the‐art manufacturing methods. Leveraging Industry 4.0 technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data analytics show great potential for improving the manufacturing, assembly, integration, and testing (MAIT) cycle. This paper focuses on how Industry 4.0 principles enhance data analysis and automation in space manufacturing, illustrated through a case study at an aerospace company, with a focus on the composite sandwich panel manufacturing line. We introduce two key contributions. First, an interactive dashboard is proposed to enhance data analytics capabilities, offering real‐time access to insights and key performance indicators (KPIs) for operators and data analysts, and enabling the exploration of customized metrics. This facilitates comprehensive analysis of the entire MAIT process, supporting trend detection, anomaly identification, and areas for improvement to facilitate data‐driven decision‐making. Second, we present two strategies to tackle the challenges posed by the constrained number of attempts to insert installations on sandwich panels. These strategies are founded on a proposed data analytics approach rooted in Markov chain principles. This approach aids operators in making informed decisions on whether to proceed with additional attempts or discard the insert. By calculating the probability of successful insertions in future attempts, our approach can suitably enhance resource usage and production timelines. The proposed approach is evaluated through stress testing, where three processes insert 212,000 sensor records into Kafka queues at varying throughputs, monitored via Metricbeat for system resource usage. Results show low CPU usage (below 20%), consistent network throughput, and stable average data insertion times after initial peaks, demonstrating the architecture's scalability and efficiency.
Manual or Motorized Postharvest Operations of Pearl Millet in Maradi, Niger: Effects on Time and Energy Use, Profitability, and Farmers' Perceptions
Authors: Nourou Abdourahamane Issa M. , Garba Maman , Grimsby Lars Kåre , Aune Jens B. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe pearl millet value chain in Niger, from sowing to the production of millet flour, is mainly done using manual labor. The objective of this study was to compare manual and motorized postharvest operations in pearl millet based on several criteria: output per hour, labor and energy demand, product quality, drudgery (measured by heart rate), profitability, farmers' perceptions of quality and cost of operations, and adoption rates. The study also assessed the conditions under which motorized operations could be adopted. The research methods included a survey of 200 households, interviews with entrepreneurs, and field measurements of both manual and motorized postharvest operations using the above criteria. An economic assessment was undertaken based on investment costs, time use, and the cost and income of each operation. The results showed that 72.5% of the households surveyed used motorized milling, whereas only 4% used motorized threshing. The time‐saving effect of motorization was the highest for milling (211 h/Mg), whereas it was lowest for threshing (21 h/Mg). Motorized processing of 1 Mg of millet grain adequate for a household's yearly needs saves 49 man‐days/year compared to manual methods. Quality measurements showed that only 38% of millet flour met quality standards after manual milling compared to 87% for motorized milling. By considering factors like fuel use and losses in the manual and motorized operations, it was found that motorized operations used 429 kWh/Mg less than the manual operation. Threshing is the most challenging postharvest operation to motorize, with investment costs four times higher than milling and dehulling, and lower profitability than other operations. Moreover, threshing and straw chopping are only done in the months following harvesting, whereas milling and dehulling services are in demand throughout the year. The study found that motorization of postharvest operations is an interesting option for farmers based on the criteria of time saving, quality of products, energy efficiency, reduction in women's workload, and profitability.
Eco‐Transformation: Shaping the Future of Manufacturing With Green Technologies and Cleaner Production‐Practices
Authors: Piprani Arsalan Zahid , Nazir Sajid , Poon Wai Chuen , Ali Mahmood , Tehseen Shehnaz 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn recent years, we have seen a manifold increase in natural calamities resulting from the continual degradation of our environment. The overuse of fossil fuels and other natural resources has contributed towards increasing global warming. This research investigates the environmental challenges posed by the overuse of natural resources and the subsequent carbon footprint. It emphasises the critical need for green technology and cleaner production practices to overcome environmental challenges. Focusing on developing countries, it investigates the effects of green technology and cleaner production‐practices on energy efficiency, waste reduction and corporate sustainability in Pakistan's manufacturing industry. Through a cross‐sectional analysis, it investigates the influence of sustainable practices on corporate sustainability in diverse manufacturing sectors. The findings reveal a positive correlation between the adoption of green technology and cleaner production‐practices and a reduction in energy consumption, highlighting the significant role of resource commitment in enhancing the effectiveness of green technologies. However, the study notes a lack of significant impact of green technology on waste reduction and the broader concept of corporate sustainability, while cleaner production‐practices show a beneficial influence on sustainability measures. This study contributes to the understanding of sustainable practices in emerging economies and underscores the importance of top management support and resource allocation in achieving environmental and economic sustainability goals.
Early Cretaceous W–Nb–Ta Mineralisation in the Southeastern Xingmeng Orogenic Belt, NE China: Geochronological Evidence From the Jiabusi Nb–Ta and Narewula W Deposits
Authors: Zhang Rongzhen , Diao Xi , Zhang Dehui , Li Zhu , Zhu Penglong , Li Lin , Wang Li 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe Xianghuangqi region in the southeastern section of the Xingmeng Orogenic Belt (XMOB) has gained attention for its potential rare mineral yield, particularly from multiple W and Nb–Ta deposits. However, limited geochronological data limits our understanding of their origin and progress in W–Nb–Ta exploration. We thus performed 40Ar/39Ar muscovite and U–Pb wolframite, cassiterite and columbite dating on the Jiabusi Nb–Ta and Narenwula W deposits within the Xianghuangqi region. Our findings revealed that the 40Ar/39Ar plateau age of muscovite from the Jiabusi deposit (135.17 ± 1.34 Ma) aligns with that of the Narenwula W deposit (135.83 ± 1.43 Ma). This consistency is further supported by U–Pb dating of wolframite, cassiterite and columbite in Jiabusi, at 136.4 ± 2.0, 132.1 ± 3.1 and 136.0 ± 3.5 Ma, respectively. These data suggest that mineralisation of W–Nb–Ta in the Xianghuangqi area occurred during the Early Cretaceous, probably in association with the late‐stage evolution of intrusions within the granite complex. Zircon U–Pb dating of Jiabusi albite granites yielded an age of 137.5 ± 1.2 Ma, indicating later formation than the Kusigui biotite granites, which date at approximately 149 Ma in the same region. The geochronological data highlight a regional Early Cretaceous event of W–Nb–Ta mineralisation around 135 Ma, influenced by tectonic interactions between the Mongolia–Okhotsk Ocean and the Paleo‐Pacific Plate. We conclude that, most probably, W–Nb–Ta ore deposits of the southeastern segment of the XMOB in the Xianghuangqi area were emplaced during the Early Cretaceous.
Identification of Meloidogyne spp. from cool‐season golf course putting greens in the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Braithwaite Emily , Starchvick Robert J. , Kowalewski Alec R. , Temple Todd N. , Zasada Inga A. , Rivedal Hannah M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPlant‐parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are important pests affecting golf course putting green health, playability, and management. Recently, they have become a concern for golf course superintendents managing cool‐season grasses in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) as reports of damage attributable to PPN activity have increased. Minimal information is available on the species identity and PPN distribution across the region. In November of 2023, soil samples were collected from 264 golf course putting greens in Washington, Oregon, and California for PPN extraction and identification. Meloidogyne spp. (root‐knot nematode) was one of the most encountered PPN, occurring in 89% of samples, with maximum PPN densities exceeding 10,000 second stage juveniles 100 cc−1. In OR and CA samples Meloidogyne minor and Meloidogyne naasi was documented, while only M. naasi was documented in WA. These findings will help inform future efforts into the development of regional damage thresholds, and into appropriate management strategies for PNW cool‐season golf courses.
Dose‐Dependent Hepatorenal Damage Induced by Erythrosine: A Study of Biochemical, Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, and Histopathological Effects in Wistar Rats
Authors: Singh Mandeep , Chadha Pooja 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to provide insights into the hepatorenal toxicity induced by erythrosine, a synthetic red dye commonly used in food and pharmaceuticals, which has raised concerns over its potential health risks. Twenty‐four rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6). The first group was the control group and the other group received one of three doses of erythrosine based on acceptable daily intake (¼ ADI, ½ ADI, and ADI, 0.1 mg/kg body weight). This study examined biological activity via biochemical enzyme analysis, oxidative stress indices, DNA damage, and histopathology. Compared with the control group, erythrosine administration increased the serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, total protein, urea, creatinine, and uric acid at the highest erythrosine dose. The catalase and the superoxide dismutase activity decreased in both tissues at the highest dose. The glutathione‐S‐transferase activity increased at the ¼ ADI dose and decreased at higher doses in both tissues. In contrast, acetylcholinesterase activity was greater in erythrosine‐treated rats than in control rats. Oxidative stress indices indicated increased lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide content, and lactate dehydrogenase activity. The comet assay was used to assess DNA damage, revealing significant damage in the erythrosine‐treated groups. Histopathological examination revealed necrotic and degenerative changes in the liver and kidney tissues. The findings underscore dose‐dependent hepatorenal toxicity and highlight the novelty of demonstrating a comprehensive link between erythrosine exposure, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. These results emphasize the need for cautious evaluation of synthetic dye consumption due to potential health risks.
Chemoprotective Potential of Cyanidin‐3‐Glucoside Against 1,2‐Dimethylhydrazine‐Induced Colorectal Cancer: Modulation of NF‐κB and Bcl‐2/Bax/Caspase Pathway
Authors: Wang Miao , Wang Xiaoyong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTColorectal cancer (CRC) represents a significant global health challenge, with approximately 1.8 million new cases diagnosed annually and a mortality toll exceeding 881,000 lives each year. This study aimed to evaluate the chemoprotective efficacy of Cyanidin‐3‐glucoside (C3G) in a rat model of CRC induced by 1,2‐dimethylhydrazine (DMH). Rats were stratified into groups and administered C3G at doses of 10 and 15 mg/kg following DMH exposure to initiate CRC. Key parameters, including organ weights, tumor burdens, and biochemical markers, were meticulously assessed. Administration of C3G significantly restored body weight while reducing the weights of colon and spleen tissues. Moreover, C3G treatment substantially suppressed tumor incidence and weight in DMH‐induced CRC rats. Biochemical analysis revealed that C3G markedly reduced levels of CFA, CA19.9, LDH, and nitric oxide (NO). It also modulated lipid profiles, antioxidant activities, and the expression of both Phase I and II enzymes. Inflammatory mediators, including TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐1α, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐10, IL‐12, and IL‐17, were significantly downregulated. Notably, C3G inhibited inflammatory markers such as COX‐2, PGE2, iNOS, and NF‐κB while promoting Caspase‐3, ‐6, and ‐9 activity. Furthermore, it regulated the Bax/Bcl‐2 apoptotic axis, reducing the Bcl‐2/Bax ratio. Cyanidin‐3‐glucoside demonstrated potent chemopreventive effects against colorectal cancer in this experimental model. Its mechanism of action is likely mediated through modulation of NF‐κB and the Bcl‐2/Bax/Caspase pathway, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent in CRC management.
Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Abdominal Wall in a Pregnant Woman: Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Pathology Findings
Authors: Kawakami Lyca Suzuki , de Souza Filho Ronaldo Modesto , Almeida Michelle Samora , Signorini Filho Roney César , Traina Evelyn , Araujo Júnior Edward , Sun Sue Yazaki 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCancer in pregnancy has an incidence of approximately 1:1000, and cases of sarcoma in pregnancy are rare, with only a few described in the literature. This case report describes a 32‐year‐old pregnant woman who noticed an approximately 3.0 cm nodule on her left flank in the second trimester of pregnancy. Initially, it was diagnosed as a lipoma. The lesion grew progressively and after 5 months, at 25 weeks' gestation, the lesion became painful, bulky, with areas of necrosis and infection, and emitted a foul odor. Magnetic resonance imaging described the lesion as a heterogeneous mass measuring 12.0 × 10.0 × 9.6 cm on the left posterolateral abdominal wall, involving subcutaneous tissue and abdominal muscles. Oncologic treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy was initiated, and 1 month later, at 29 weeks, obstetric ultrasound revealed fetal growth restriction (FGR). During one of the fetal vitality assessments, oligohydramnios and umbilical artery Doppler with reverse diastolic flow were observed, leading to an emergency cesarean section at 31 weeks. The newborn died 4 days after delivery. Chemotherapy continued, and after the third cycle, the lesion was completely excised. Anatomopathologic examination and immunohistochemistry were consistent with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. The patient was referred for adjuvant radiotherapy to supplement treatment. This case report discusses aspects related to the frequency of sarcoma in pregnancy, diagnostic difficulties, the frequency of fetal vitality assessments, and possible therapeutic approaches during pregnancy.
Mortality in adolescents after therapeutic intervention for self‐harm: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mughal Faraz , Young Paul , Stahl Daniel , Asarnow Joan R. , Ougrin Dennis 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundSelf‐harm in adolescents is an international concern. Evidence highlights that therapeutic intervention (TI), such as cognitive behaviour therapy informed treatments, after self‐harm leads to reduced self‐harm repetition. However, there is no prior literature about the effects of TI on future mortality in adolescents. We examined the effect of TI on mortality rates in adolescents across RCTs.MethodsThis review was reported in accordance with PRISMA guidance. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library were searched to 19 June 2024. Two authors independently screened titles, abstracts, and full texts against pre‐defined criteria. RCTs were included if they compared a TI versus a comparator in adolescents up to 18 years with at least one prior self‐harm episode. There was no lower age limit. For the pooled effect size of mortality, the DerSimonian‐Laird method was used, and a random effects model for self‐harm and suicide attempts. The primary outcome was intra or post‐trial mortality in adolescent post TI, and the effect of TIs on self‐harm including attempted suicide episodes were secondary outcomes. Analyses were done in Stata.ResultsTwenty‐four trials of TIs consisting of 3470 randomised adolescents were included. The pooled risk difference for mortality of participants in the TI group was 0.002 (95% CI −0.003 to 0.008, p = 0.42). There were 6 deaths in the TI group compared to 15 deaths in the comparator group. The pooled risk difference for TI on repeat self‐harm was −0.07 (95% CI −0.132 to −0.007, p = 0.028), and −0.05 (95% CI −0.086 to −0.007, p = 0.022) for suicide attempts compared to comparator.ConclusionsThis review found no significant impact of TIs on future mortality in adolescents. We also demonstrated that TIs can reduce suicide attempts which can lead to substantial benefits for adolescents, families, and clinical services.
Examining Ecology–Agriculture–Economy Nexus Shifts to Propose Win–Win–Win Pathways for Sustainable Development in Mountainous Areas: Insights From the Greenest City in China
Authors: Wang Ran , Jiang Chong , Wang Yixin , Liu Jie , Zhao Ying , Fu Wenyuan , Li Xinhua , Zhang Jie , Wang Buqing , Xiao Yuexin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEcosystem restoration projects (ERPs) are effective methods for reversing land degradation. However, the dynamic responses of the ecology–agriculture–economy nexus to ERPs and socioeconomic development have yet to be systematically analyzed. To address this issue, we adopted an ERP hotspot as a basis for exploring the evolution regimes of sectoral variables and their determinants. ERPs facilitated vegetation restoration and strengthened carbon sequestration and soil retention, whereas grain productivity declined sharply since 2000 because of industrial and planting structure adjustments. Economic growth was accompanied by marked industrial transformation; the dominant role of the primary industry was gradually replaced by that of other industries, with the population and employment structures changing accordingly. Rural population loss weakened the agricultural production capacity, with the promotion of economic crops further degrading the dominant role of grain crops. Such nexus shifts indicated that positive progress in the ecological and economic sectors should be further optimized to reserve sufficient space for agricultural production and industrial development, instead of relying solely on expanding afforestation areas. Notably, the temporary synergic co‐evolution of nexus sectors from 2008 to 2022 is not stable because of the low grain self‐sufficiency ratio, which might threaten the sustainability of social‐ecological systems. Therefore, agricultural production efficiency must be improved through large‐scale production and improvements in agricultural production conditions to sustain the grain supply. The nexus perspective enriches our understanding of interlinkages among sectors in different phases, facilitating the formulation of coordinated strategies for regional sustainable development.
Increasing the Orthogonality of 4‐Pyridiniophenols: An NMR Study of Their Solvatomagnetism
Authors: Martínez‐Gómez Fabián , Caroli Rezende Marcos , Rodríguez‐Huenchún Valentina , Ormazábal‐Toledo Rodrigo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR spectra of three substituted N‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)pyridinium perchlorates, precursors of solvatochromic 4‐pyridiniophenolate betaines, were recorded in deuterated acetone, dimethylsulfoxide, and acetonitrile, and their spectral behavior in these solvents was analyzed as evidence of the solute–solvent interactions present in solution. The effect of the increasing orthogonality between the phenolic and pyridinium fragments was clearly evident from the obtained spectra, thus shedding light on the ground‐state structures of their deprotonated solvatochromic derivatives and their interactions with the solvent.
Quantification of NAD+T1 and T2 Relaxation Times Using Downfield 1H MRS at 7 T in Human Brain In Vivo
Authors: Swago Sophia , Wilson Neil E. , Elliott Mark A. , Nanga Ravi Prakash Reddy , Reddy Ravinder , Witschey Walter R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to measure T1 and T2 relaxation times of NAD+ proton resonances in the downfield 1H MRS spectrum in human brain at 7 T in vivo and to assess the propagation of relaxation time uncertainty in NAD+ quantification. Downfield spectra from eight healthy volunteers were acquired at multiple echo times to measure T2 relaxation times, and saturation recovery data were acquired to measure T1 relaxation times. The downfield acquisition used a spectrally selective 90° sinc pulse for excitation centered at 9.1 ppm with a bandwidth of 2 ppm, followed by a 180° spatially selective Shinnar–Le Roux refocusing pulse for localization. Uncertainty propagation analysis on metabolite quantification was performed analytically and with Monte Carlo simulation. [NAD+] was quantified in five participants. The mean ± standard deviation of T1 relaxation times of the H2, H6, and H4 NAD+ protons were 205.6 ± 25.7, 211.6 ± 33.5, and 237.3 ± 42.4 ms, respectively. The mean ± standard deviation of T2 relaxation times of the H2, H6, and H4 protons were 33.6 ± 7.4, 29.1 ± 4.7, and 42.3 ± 11.6 ms, respectively. The relative uncertainty in NAD+ concentration due to relaxation time uncertainty was 8.4%–11.4%, and measured brain [NAD+] (N = 5) was 0.324 ± 0.050 mM. Using downfield spectrally selective spectroscopy with single‐slice localization, we found T1 and T2 relaxation times averaged across all NAD+ resonances to be approximately 218 and 35 ms, respectively, in the human brain in vivo at 7 T.