bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flood Buyout Relocations and Community Action
Authors: Jerolleman Alessandra , Marino Elizabeth , Jessee Nathan , Koslov Liz , Comardelle Chantel , Villarreal Melissa , de Vries Daniel , Manda Simon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVoluntary buyouts are the primary way that relocation away from climate risk is currently carried out. Within the literature on buyouts, there is widespread consensus that interventions should ideally be conceptualized and administered as a “people-centered,” community-based disaster risk reduction strategy, with a focus on supporting populations who have been made vulnerable through unsustainable and inequitable development processes (Rumbach and Kudva in Risks, Hazards, and Crisis in Public Policy 2:1–23, 2011).
A Primer of Laws, Legal Concepts, and Tools That Structure Relocation and Novel Ways of Utilizing the Law
Authors: Jerolleman Alessandra , Marino Elizabeth , Jessee Nathan , Koslov Liz , Comardelle Chantel , Villarreal Melissa , de Vries Daniel , Manda Simon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThroughout this book, we suggest that understanding the law, particularly the law as it pertains to property, is important for pursuing justice within the context of relocation planning linked to climate change. As described in the previous chapters, communities inevitably confront and work within legal structures that frame relocation processes. These engagements with the law can be “successful” in carrying out physical relocation, but they can also be divisive, tiring, obfuscating, and lead to unsatisfactory and inequitable outcomes. All relocations are informed by community histories and interactions with government and legal structures.
Discretion and the Roles People Play in Interpreting and Applying the Law
Authors: Jerolleman Alessandra , Marino Elizabeth , Jessee Nathan , Koslov Liz , Comardelle Chantel , Villarreal Melissa , de Vries Daniel , Manda Simon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBased on the relationships and work that have informed this book, it has become apparent to us that we ought to dedicate the last chapter to what we believe relocation scholars should know about how bureaucratic discretion works in conjunction with the law. Initially, we intended the latter part of this book to be a kind of a primer on laws, legal concepts, and legal tools that framed relocation. This was done in part so that relocation scholars and practitioners who have not had legal training could have a technical short course on some concepts; and to put legal constructs in conversation with the critical social sciences and critical social theory.
Programming a Simple ODE Solver
Authors: Sundnes Joakim 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOrdinary differential equations (ODEs) are widely used in science and engineering, particularly when it comes to modeling dynamic processes. Although analytical methods can be employed to solve simple ODEs, nonlinear ODEs typically require numerical methods for solutions. In this chapter we demonstrate how to program general numerical solvers capable of handling any ODE. Initially we will focus on scalar ODEs, which consist of a single equation and a single unknown. Subsequently, in Section 1.3, we will extend these concepts to systems of coupled ODEs. Acquiring a solid grasp of the concepts presented in this chapter will not only help you with programming your own ODE solvers but also in using a diverse range of readily available, general-purpose ODE solvers in Python or other programming languages.
Adaptive Time Step Methods
Authors: Sundnes Joakim 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn practical computations, one seeks to achieve a desired accuracy with the minimum computational effort. For a given method, this requires finding the largest possible value of the time step Δt. In the previous chapters we kept the step size constant through the solution interval, but this is rarely the most efficient approach, since the error depends on the characteristics of the solution in addition to the step size. In smooth regions, larger time steps can be used without introducing significant error, while smaller time steps are needed in regions where the solution has rapid variations. This chapter extends the Runge-Kutta methods from the previous chapters to methods that select the time step automatically to control the error in the solution.
The KxGxYR and DxE motifs in the C-tail of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus membrane protein are crucial for infectious virus assembly
Authors: Desmarets Lowiese , Danneels Adeline , Burlaud-Gaillard Julien , Blanchard Emmanuelle , Dubuisson Jean , Belouzard Sandrine 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe coronavirus’ (CoV) membrane (M) protein is the driving force during assembly, but this process remains poorly characterized. Previously, we described two motifs in the C-tail of the Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV) M protein involved in its endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exit (211DxE213) and trans-Golgi network (TGN) retention (199KxGxYR204). Here, their function in virus assembly was investigated by two different virus-like particle (VLP) assays and by mutating both motifs in an infectious MERS-CoV cDNA clone. It was shown that the 199KxGxYR204 motif was essential for VLP and infectious virus assembly. Moreover, the mislocalization of the M protein induced by mutation of this motif prevented M–E interaction. Hampering the ER export of M by mutating its 211DxE213 motif still allowed the formation of nucleocapsid-empty VLPs, but prevented the formation of fully assembled VLPs and infectious particles. Taken together, these data show that the MERS-CoV assembly process highly depends on the correct intracellular trafficking of its M protein, and hence that not only specific protein–protein interacting motifs but also correct subcellular localization of the M protein in infected cells is essential for virus formation and should be taken into consideration when studying the assembly process.
Shear-induced wrinkling in accelerating thin elastic discs
Authors: Coman Ciprian D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe wrinkling instabilities produced by in-plane angular accelerations in a rotating disc are discussed here in a particular limit of relevance to very thin plates. By coupling the classical linear elasticity solution for this configuration with the Föppl–von Kármán plate buckling equation, a fourth-order boundary-value problem with variable coefficients is obtained. The singular-perturbation character of the resulting problem arises from a combination of factors encompassing both the pre-stress (due to the spinning motion) and the geometry of the annular domain. With the help of a simplified multiple-scale perturbation method in conjunction with matched asymptotics, we succeed in capturing the dependence of the critical (wrinkling) acceleration on the instantaneous speed of the disc as well as other physical parameters. We show that the asymptotic predictions compare well with the results of direct numerical simulations of the original bifurcation problem. The limitations of the formulae obtained are also considered, and some practical suggestions for improving their accuracy are suggested.
Surgical fixation of distal ulna neck and head fractures
Authors: van Rossenberg LX , van de Wall BJM , Diwersi N , Scheuble L , Beeres FJP , van Heijl M , Ferree S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Distal ulna plate fixation for ulnar neck and head fractures (excluding ulnar styloid fractures) aims to anatomically reduce the distal ulna fracture (DUF) by open reduction and internal fixation, while obtaining a stable construct allowing functional rehabilitation without need for cast immobilization.

Indications
Severe displacement, angulation or translation, as well as unstable or intra-articular fractures. Furthermore, multiple trauma or young patients in need of quick functional rehabilitation.

Contraindications
Inability to surgically address concomitant ipsilateral extremity fractures, thus, limiting early active rehabilitation. Stable, nondisplaced fractures. Need for bridging plate or external fixator of distal radiocarpal joint.

Surgical technique
An ulnar approach, with a straight incision between the extensor and flexor carpi ulnaris. Preservation of the dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve. Reduction and plate fixation with avoidance of plate impingement in the articular zone.

Postoperative management
Postoperatively, an elastic bandage is applied for the first 24–48 h. In isolated DUF with stable fixation, a postoperative splint is often unnecessary and should be avoided. For the first four weeks, only light weightbearing of everyday activities is allowed to protect the osteosynthesis. Thereafter, heavier weightbearing and activities are allowed and can be increased as tolerated.

Results
The best available evidence likely shows that for younger patients with a DUF, with or without concomitant distal radius fractures, open reduction and internal fixation can be safely achieved with good functional outcome and acceptable union and complication rates as long as proper technique is ensured.
On algebraic Chern classes of flat vector bundles
Authors: Langer Adrian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe show that under some assumptions on the monodromy group some combinations of higher Chern classes of a flat vector bundle are torsion in the Chow group. Similar results hold for flat vector bundles that deform to such flat vector bundles (also in case of quasi-projective varieties). The results are motivated by Bloch’s conjecture on Chern classes of flat vector bundles on smooth complex projective varieties but in some cases they give a more precise information. We also study Higgs version of Bloch’s conjecture and analogous problems in the positive characteristic case.
Coronary calcium scoring on virtual non-contrast and virtual non-iodine reconstructions compared to true non-contrast images using photon-counting computed tomography
Authors: Sharma Simran P. , van der Bie Judith , van Straten Marcel , Hirsch Alexander , Bos Daniel , Dijkshoorn Marcel L. , Booij Ronald , Budde Ricardo P. J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To compare coronary artery calcification (CAC) scores measured on virtual non-contrast (VNC) and virtual non-iodine (VNI) reconstructions computed from coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) using photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) to true non-contrast (TNC) images.

Methods
We included 88 patients (mean age = 59 years ± 13.5, 69% male) who underwent a TNC coronary calcium scan followed by CCTA on PCCT. VNC images were reconstructed in 87 patients and VNI in 88 patients by virtually removing iodine from the CCTA images. For all reconstructions, CAC scores were determined, and patients were classified into risk categories. The overall agreement of the reconstructions was analyzed by Bland–Altman plots and the level of matching classifications.

Results
The median CAC score on TNC was 27.8 [0–360.4] compared to 8.5 [0.2–101.6] (p < 0.001) on VNC and 72.2 [1.3–398.8] (p < 0.001) on VNI. Bland–Altman plots depicted a bias of 148.8 (ICC = 0.82, p < 0.001) and − 57.7 (ICC = 0.95, p < 0.001) for VNC and VNI, respectively. Of all patients with CACTNC = 0, VNC reconstructions scored 63% of the patients correctly, while VNI scored 54% correctly. Of the patients with CACTNC > 0, VNC and VNI reconstructions detected the presence of coronary calcium in 90% and 92% of the patients. CACVNC tended to underestimate CAC score, whereas CACVNI overestimated, especially in the lower risk categories. According to the risk categories, VNC misclassified 55% of the patients, while VNI misclassified only 32%.

Conclusion
Compared to TNC images, VNC underestimated and VNI overestimated the actual CAC scores. VNI reconstructions quantify and classify coronary calcification scores more accurately than VNC reconstructions.

Clinical relevance statement
Photon-counting CT enables spectral imaging, which might obviate the need for non-contrast enhanced coronary calcium scoring, but optimization is necessary for the clinical implementation of the algorithms.

Key Points
• Photon-counting computed tomography uses spectral information to virtually remove the signal of contrast agents from contrast-enhanced scans.
• Virtual non-contrast reconstructions tend to underestimate coronary artery calcium scores compared to true non-contrast images, while virtual non-iodine reconstructions tend to overestimate the calcium scores.
• Virtual non-iodine reconstructions might obviate the need for non-contrast enhanced calcium scoring, but optimization is necessary for the clinical implementation of the algorithms.
Phonological awareness training and phonological therapy approaches for specific language impairment children with speech sound disorders: a comparative outcome study
Authors: Farag Heba Mahmoud , Eldessouky Hossam , Shahin Elham , Atef Mai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Children with specific language impairment (SLI) might present with speech sound disorder (SSD) and phonological awareness (PA) deficits which put them at risk of potential reading problems. This work aimed to organize an intervention program in Arabic for phonological training and to assess the effect of PA training versus the phonological therapy (PT) for children with SLI and SSD.

Methods
The study was carried out on 60 children with comorbid SLI and SSD, aged 5–7 years. Children were equally divided into two groups; each group received language therapy combined with (PT or PA training). Measures of language development, phonological output, and PA were taken before therapy and at 4 month post-therapy for all children.

Results
The two therapy groups made nearly the same amount of progress in the development of language and phonological production, with no significant differences regarding language age and percent of consonants correct (PCC). The PA training group progressed more on the PA skills than children who received PT over the same time.

Conclusions
PA training could facilitate the development of phonological skills by targeting the child’s awareness of phonemes and improving the production of sound patterns.
School attendance and sport participation amongst children with chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional analysis from the Kids with CKD (KCAD) study
Authors: Hudson Adam C. , van Zwieten Anita , Mallitt Kylie-Ann , Durkan Anne , Hahn Deirdre , Guha Chandana , Khalid Rabia , Didsbury Madeleine , Francis Anna , McTaggart Steven , Mackie Fiona E. , Prestidge Chanel , Teixeira-Pinto Armando , Lah Suncica , Howell Martin , Howard Kirsten , Nassar Natasha , Jaure Allison , Craig Jonathan C. , Wong Germaine , Kim Siah 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
School attendance and life participation, particularly sport, is a high priority for children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study is aimed at assessing the association between CKD stage, sports participation, and school absences in children with CKD.

Methods
Using data from the binational Kids with CKD study (ages 6–18 years, n = 377), we performed multivariable regression to evaluate the association between CKD stage, school absences, and sports participation.

Results
Overall, 62% of participants played sport with the most frequent sport activities engaged in being swimming (17%) and soccer (17%). Compared to children with CKD 1–2, the incidence rate ratios (IRR) (95% CI) for sports participation amongst children with CKD 3–5, dialysis, or transplant were 0.84 (0.64–1.09), 0.59 (0.39–0.90), and 0.75 (0.58–0.96), respectively. The median (IQR) days of school absences within a four-week period were 1 day (0–1), with children on dialysis reporting the highest number of school absences (9 days (5–15)), followed by transplant recipients (2 days (1–7)), children with CKD 3–5 (1 day (0–3)), and with CKD 1–2 (1 day (0–3)). Duration of CKD modified the association between CKD stage and school absences, with children with a transplant experiencing a higher number of missed school days with increasing duration of CKD, but not in children with CKD 1–5 or on dialysis (p-interaction < 0.01).

Conclusions
Children receiving dialysis and with a kidney transplant had greater school absences and played fewer sports compared to children with CKD stages 1–2. Innovative strategies to improve school attendance and sport participation are needed to improve life participation of children with CKD.

Graphical abstract
Body composition assessment in a large cohort of Olympic athletes with different training loads: possible reference values for fat mass and fat-free mass domains
Authors: Giovanelli Luca , Biganzoli Giacomo , Spataro Antonio , Malacarne Mara , Bernardelli Giuseppina , Spada Raffaella , Pagani Massimo , Biganzoli Elia , Lucini Daniela 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsTo assess body composition by means of BOD POD in the large cohort of Italian Olympic athletes of many sport disciplines (studied at the same time), and to provide possible reference values for body composition in elite athletes.Methods1556 elite athletes, who took part in the selection procedure for the 2016 Rio Olympic Games for the National Italian Olympic Committee (CONI), were retrospectively studied. Body composition was determined using air plethysmography-based BOD POD.ResultsWe observed that Fat Mass (FM) and Fat-free Mass (FFM) should be considered as two mutually independent domains in elite athletes. By performing Principal Component Analysis, we defined two independent main domains (respectively, representing FM and FFM), which presented different trends according to gender and static or dynamic exercise load. Lastly, we reported possible reference values for FM index and FFM index, respectively, representing the largest contributors to FM domain and FFM domain, and calculated as FM or FFM (kg)/height (m2).ConclusionsOur findings might provide a basis to optimize the practical approach to body composition in athletes, highlighting the importance of considering indicators of fat mass and lean mass “simultaneously” and not specularly, according to different sport disciplines as well. Moreover, these data might contribute to standardize reference values for body composition in elite athletes, with a view to potentially helping to monitor and guide training regimens, prevent related detrimental practices and plan cardiometabolic prevention and rehabilitation programs.
Heavy metal residues in eggshells of Common Cranes (Grus grus) nesting in an agricultural region in north-eastern Germany
Authors: Barwisch Isabel , Mewes Wolfgang , Schmitz Ornés Angela , Guenther Sebastian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUrbanization, industrialization, and intensification of agriculture have led to considerable heavy metal pollution across the globe, harming our ecosystems. Concentrations of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb) have been analysed in 249 eggshells collected between 2006 and 2021 from 83 female Common Cranes (Grus grus) nesting within north-eastern Germany. Information on the presence of trace elements in cranes from Europe and their potential adverse effects on the reproduction are largely missing. Only Cu and Pb were found to be present in eggshell samples. Levels of both metals did not exceed concentrations considered potentially toxic in birds and unhatched eggs did not contain higher metal concentrations compared to eggshell residues from hatched eggs. Statistical analysis revealed that trace element concentrations decreased significantly over the course of the study period. The ban of leaded gasoline in the early twenty-first century and strict limitations of heavy metal-based biocontrol products are likely responsible for this decrease over the years. However, as Cu levels gradually increase with increasing proportions of agricultural areas within the cranes’ home ranges, we suggest that considerable amounts of Cu originating from agricultural practises are still being released into the environment. We found no increase in metal concentrations in eggshells with increasing female age, suggesting that heavy metals do not accumulate in the circulatory systems of the adults over time. This study is the first to assess heavy metal contamination in Common Cranes and indicates the suitability of crane’s eggshells as bioindicator for monitoring environmental pollution.
Evaluating the Performance of Multi-criteria Decision-making Techniques in Flood Susceptibility Mapping
Authors: Mahato Ranjit , Bushi Dhoni , Nimasow Gibji , Barman Bikul , Joshi Ramesh Chandra , Yadava Ram Sakal 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Performances of multi-criteria decision-making techniques in prediction of flood susceptibility are varied. We evaluated performances of ARAS, CODAS, COPRAS, EDAS, MOORA, TOPSIS, VIKOR, and WASPAS in predicting flood susceptibility of Barpeta district of Assam, India. Elevation, slope, proximity to river, geomorphology, drainage density, rainfall, land use/land cover, lithology, soil, stream power index, topographic wetness index and plan curvature were used as flood conditioning factors. The results show higher flood susceptibility over areas characterized by gentle slopes, low elevation and high proximity to drainage. Performances of the models were evaluated using 216 locations (flood and non-flood conditions) randomly classified into training (70%) and validation (30%) through area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). TOPSIS model showed better success (AUC = 0.965) and prediction rate (AUC = 0.962) than other models. Among the best performing models, highest percentage of area under high flood susceptibility was predicted by TOPSIS. Therefore, TOPSIS can be effectively used for flood risk management in areas having similar geographical conditions.
Enhancing daily rainfall prediction in urban areas: a comparative study of hybrid artificial intelligence models with optimization algorithms
Authors: Sheikhi Yaser , Ashrafi Seyed Mohammad , Nikoo Mohammad Reza , Haghighi Ali 
Published: November 2023

AbstractForecasting precipitation is a crucial input to hydrological models and hydrological event management. Accurate forecasts minimize the impact of extreme events on communities and infrastructure by providing timely and reliable information. In this study, six artificial intelligent hybrid models are developed to predict daily rainfall in urban areas by combining the firefly optimization algorithm (FA), invasive weed optimization algorithm (IWO), genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm (GAPSO), neural network (ANN), group method of data handling (GMDH), and wavelet transformation. Optimization algorithms increase forecasting accuracy by controlling all stages. A variety of criteria are used for validating the models, including correlation coefficient (R), root-mean-square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), critical success index (CSI), probability of detection (POD), and false alarm ratio (FAR). The proposed models are also evaluated in an urban area in Ahvaz, Iran. The GAPSO-Wavelet-ANN model is superior to other models for predicting daily rainfall, with an RMSE of 1.42 mm and an R of 0.9715.