bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coagulation factor XIII-A
Authors: Simon Ágnes , Katona Éva , Szanto Attila , Nagy László , Kiss Attila , Kiss Csongor , Muszbek László , Kappelmayer János 
Published: July 2005

SummaryThe association of coagulation factors with leukocytes have been demonstrated in several previous studies. This study was designed to study the sensitivity and specificity of factor XIII subunit A (FXIII-A) labelling in cultured myeloblastic and monoblastic cell lines and to investigate the intracytoplasmic expression of FXIII-A in de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples. Myeloblastic and a monoblastic cell lines were cultured and investigated for lineage specific maturation markers and FXIII-A expression. Furthermore, FXIII-A expression was investigated in 12 normal samples (7 bone marrow and 5 peripheral blood), 86 de novo AML samples and 6 chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) samples. In the monoblastic MonoMac6 cell line the appearance of FXIII-A preceded that of CD14 while it remained negative in the myeloblastic PLB-985 cell line throughout its maturation period. Among the AML samples the average frequency of FXIII-A positive cells in myeloblastic leukemia samples was below 10%,while in M4 and M5AML samples it was above 50% and was significantly higher than the generally used CD14 marker (p < 0.0001). In the AML M4 and M5 cases, FXIII-A proved sensitive for the identification of monoblasts.FXIII-A can be considered as a reliable intracytoplasmic marker for the monocytic and megakaryocytic series and its presence is highly predictive for mono- and megakaryocytic AML and for CMML
Mechanism and consequences of invasion of endothelial cells by Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Herrmann Mathias , Sinha Bhanu 
Published: July 2005

SummaryIt has become clear that Staphylococcus aureus is a facultative intracellular microorganism. Adherence and invasion are a prerequisite for endovascular infections caused by S. aureus, such as infective endocarditis. These phenomena may also be involved in the pathogenesis of invasive and metastatic infection upon hematogenous dissemination, such as osteomyelitis and abscess formation. The underlying molecular mechanism has been elucidated in detail, including its likely relevance in vivo. However, the mode of action of recently identified modulators of invasion, such as pls/Pls have not yet been clarified. The potential outcome for host cells and S. aureus following invasion are diverse. Surprisingly, induction of apoptosis in human endothelial cells is more complex than previously thought, since it appears to involve multiple virulence factors. In the light of increasing resistance to antimicrobial therapy, understanding the multifacetted pathogenesis of S. aureus infection in detail is needed for a better prevention and therapy.
Infection of the endothelium by influenza viruses
Authors: Klenk Hans-Dieter 
Published: July 2005

SummaryHighly pathogenic avian influenza viruses are nonly ot the of cause devastating “bird flu” outbreaks in domestic fowl, but are also occasionally the cause of human disease with a high mortality rate as is being currently observed with the H5N1 viruses in South-East Asia. Infection in birds is systemic with hemorrhages and edema as characteristic symptoms, and virus replication in the endothelium appears to play an important role in pathogenesis. Some of the factors determining endotheliotropism have been elucidated at the molecular and cellular level. They include proteolytic activation of the hemagglutinin,polarity of virus budding, and tissue specific expression of virus receptors.
The relationship between inflammation and venous thrombosis
Authors: Fox Eric A. , Kahn Susan R. 
Published: July 2005

SummaryDuring the past decade, the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of arterial thrombosis has been elucidated. However, comparatively little is known about the relationship between inflammation and venous thrombosis. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of clinical studies that have examined the association between inflammation and venous thrombosis, specifically: (1) the value of inflammatory markers in predicting the future development of venous thrombosis; (2) test characteristics of markers of inflammation in the diagnosis of acute venous thrombosis; and (3) effect of venous thrombosis on blood levels of inflammatory markers. Using keywords venous thrombosis, venous thromboembolism, inflammation, acute phase markers, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, PubMed and Medline computerized databases were searched for English language articles published after 1980. Search results were restricted to clinical studies in humans that used study designs that were appropriate to address the above objectives. Results show that plasma CRP levels do not appear to predict risk
of future venous thtwo (rombosis studies; N=41,308). Four studies (N=562) have examined the utility of plasma CRP in the diagnosis of venous thrombosis; pooled positive and negative predictive values were 53% (95% CI:47%,59%) and 85% (95% CI: 81%, 89%), respectively.A two- to six-fold increase in the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is associated with elevations in plasma levels of CRP, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1 orTNF-α (three studies). We can conclude that the nature of the relationship between inflammation and clinical venous thrombosis is not yet established. CRP does not appear to be useful in predicting future venous thrombosis or in the diagnosis of acute venous thrombosis. While several markers of inflammation are elevated in acute venous thrombosis, further research is needed to determine the precise relationship between these markers and venous thrombosis. The identification and elucidation of inflammatory markers relevant to venous thrombosis could provide targets for future therapy.
Effects of the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus thornei, on wheat yields in Mexico
Authors: Nicol Julie M. , Ortiz-Monasterio Ivan 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
Tolerance and resistance to P. thornei of seven CIMMYT-derived cultivars of
wheat (Triticum aestivum), selected on soil naturally infested by
Pratylenchus thornei and released from 1960-1997, were evaluated under
optimum and limited irrigation conditions in northwestern Mexico. Replicated
trials were grown in a naturally infested site in two seasons. Differences
in yield, agronomic traits and nematode numbers were recorded in paired
field plots, untreated or fumigated with dazomet to control nematodes. With
optimum irrigation the nematode did not affect wheat yield but, with limited
irrigation where plants were under water-stress, yield loss of all cultivars
was comparable to that of the intolerant, susceptible control cv. Warigal
(29%). There was a significant negative linear relationship (Y = –3.69 x +
3117) between initial nematode density (x) and grain yield (Y) under limited
irrigation. None of these cultivars was resistant and post-harvest P.
thornei populations had increased from three to 15 times the initial
estimates. There was no relationship between date of release of cultivars
and their responses to the nematode. There is a need for sources of
resistance to be identified and incorporated into the germplasm.
Five new and two known species of the family Dorylaimidae (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from Costa Rica
Authors: Ahmad Wasim , Shaheen Azra 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
Five new and two known species of dorylaim nematodes belonging to the family
Dorylaimidae are described and illustrated from Costa Rica. Prodorylaimus
paraobesus sp. n. has 1.5-1.9 mm long body; lip region offset by a
depression; 35-38μm long odontostyle with thick walls; 'double' guiding
ring; transverse vulva and elongate-conoid, dorsally bent tail. Laimydorus
esquiveli sp. n. has 1.6-2.1 mm long body; lip region offset by slight
depression; 30-32μ m long odontostyle; 'double' guiding ring; longitudinal
vulva; males with 12 ventromedian supplements and prerectum terminating
within the range of supplements. Laimydorus tropicus sp. n. has 1.5-1.9 mm
long body; lip region truncate, offset by depression; 'double' guiding ring;
transverse vulva; female tail 14-15 anal body diam. long; male with ten
ventromedian supplements and prerectum terminating within the range of
supplements. Calcaridorylaimus andrassyi sp. n. has 1.7-1.8 mm long body;
slightly offset lip region; 15μm long odontostyle; pore-like vulva and
spicules with triple contour and much shorter ventral arm. Coomansinema
brevicauda sp. n. has 1.3-1.6 mm long, robust body; 21-22μ m long
odontostyle; transverse vulva; short conoid female tail with an elongate
dorsally bent projection and male with ten ventromedian supplements.
Mesodorylaimus guarani Andrássy, 1968 and Sicaguttur hooperi Carbonell &
Coomans, 1986 are reported for the first time from Costa Rica.
Pasteuria penetrans and P. nishizawae attachment to Meloidogyne chitwoodi, M. fallax and M. hapla
Authors: Wishart Jane , Blok Vivian C. , Phillips Mark S. , Davies Keith G. 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
This is the first report of endospores of Pasteuria penetrans and P.
nishizawae isolates binding to juveniles of Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M.
fallax. The patterns of endospore attachment to M. chitwoodi and M. fallax
compared with the related M. hapla suggest that there are differences
amongst these three temperate root-knot nematode species. Intraspecific
variability in attachment of P. penetrans to juveniles of M. chitwoodi was
demonstrated.
Efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes against western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis at different pupation depths
Authors: Ebssa Lemma , Borgemeister Christian , Semrau Jörg , Poehling Hans-Michael 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
To study the effects of the pupation depth of western flower thrips (WFT),
Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), on the efficacy of entomopathogenic
nematodes (EPN), Heterorhabditis indica strain LN2 and Steinernema
bicornutum were applied at dose rates of 100 and 400 infective juveniles
(IJ) cm–2to WFT that had pupated at different depths. Additionally, the
effects of EPN concentrations and thrips densities were tested on the
pupation depth of WFT. A higher concentration of H. indica was required when
the thrips pupated deeper. Yet applications of S. bicornutum even at a high
concentration resulted in a significantly lower WFT mortality at greater
rather than at shallower depths. Generally, WFT control levels of 5-57% were
obtained depending on depth of pupation, EPN species, and concentrations.
The results clearly indicate that WFT at high EPN concentrations seem to
remain at a certain soil depth in order to avoid EPN attraction by moving
around. Without or at low EPN concentrations, up to 80% of WFT pupated at
the deepest depth of 3-5 cm. However, at higher thrips densities and EPN
concentrations, 45-48% of WFT pupated in the medium depth of 1-3 cm. Thus,
depth of pupation is an important factor in WFT control using EPN.
Phylogenetic relationships within the genus Steinernema (Nematoda: Rhabditida) as inferred from analyses of sequences of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of rDNA and morphological features
Authors: Spiridonov Sergei E. , Reid Alex P. , Podrucka Kasia , Subbotin Sergei A. , Moens Maurice 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
Eighty four new and four published ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequences of rDNA obtained
from different populations of 24 nominal species and 28 isolates of 16
putative Steinernema species were analysed using the maximum parsimony
method. In most of the phylogenetic trees obtained from different ITS
alignments and phylogenetic procedures, the 84 isolates formed five main,
highly or moderately supported, clades, viz Clade I: 'affine-intermedium';
Clade II: 'carpocapsae-scapterisci-tami'; Clade III:
'feltiae-krausseioregonense'; Clade IV: 'bicornutum-ceratophorum-riobrave';
and Clade V: 'arenarium-glaseri-karii-longicaudum'. The ITS rDNA data were
found to be of little utility in resolving relationships between these
clades, but were useful in studying relationships between species within
certain clades. The level of intra-specific variability was different
between clades with sequence divergence of 2.4-2.8% of ITS rDNA for some
species. Analysis of a combined data matrix of both molecular and
morphological features was performed with six qualitative and three
quantitative features.
Cuticular structure of three Bunonema species and first description of the male of B. penardi Stefanski, 1914 (Nematoda: Bunonematidae)
Authors: Van Gansbeke Ruben , Bert Wim , Govaerts Ann , Claeys Myriam , Van Driessche Rita , Manhout Joeri , Borgonie Gaëtan 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
This study reanalyses some morphological and ultrastructural aspects of three
Bunonema species. Specimens of B. penardi, B. hessi and B. franzi were
studied using light microscopy and SEM. Bunonema franzi was also studied by
TEM. The male of B. penardi is described, this being the first record of
males in the genus Bunonema. Additional morphometric data on the females of
this species are presented. SEM pictures show details of the deviant amphid
position within the Bunonematidae. In contrast to earlier reports, our TEM
results show that the evagination of the cuticle in ridges and tubercles is
due to the thickening of the median zone of the cuticle. Ultrastructural
details of the species-specific polygonal mesh network on the right body
side are revealed. The rods that constitute this network lie above the
epicuticle and are therefore extracuticular.
Molecular characterisation of the ribosomal DNA of Paratrichodorus macrostylus, P. pachydermus, Trichodorus primitivus and T. similis (Nematoda: Trichodoridae)
Authors: Phillips Mark , Blok Vivian , Brown Derek , Boutsika Konstantina 
Published: July 2005

AbstractTrichodorids are plant-ectoparasitic nematodes, causing economically important diseases in many crops. In this study, we characterised ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of four trichodorid species from two different genera (i.e., Paratrichodorus macrostylus, P. pachydermus, Trichodorus primitivus and T. similis). Sequence data from the 18S and 5.8S genes showed high similarity; in contrast, sequence data from the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) were highly variable. Sequence divergence between the two genera included many insertions and deletions. Trichodorus primitivus and T. similis ITS regions of 1537 and 1303 bp, respectively, are the longest reported to date in the Phylum Nematoda. Further exploration of the sequence data indicated perfect and non-homologous repeats which were confined to the middle of the ITS regions.
The ultrastructure of the feeding apparatus and pharyngeal tract of four European species of Trichodoridae (Nematoda: Triplonchida)
Authors: Karanastasi Eirini , Decraemer Wilfrida , Wyss Urs , Brown Derek 
Published: July 2005

AbstractVirus-vector plant-parasitic Paratrichodorus and Trichodorus nematodes acquire Tobravirus particles whilst ingesting root cell sap from virus-infected plants and these particles are specifically retained by being adsorbed on to the cuticle lining the wall of the nematode pharyngeal lumen. The feeding apparatus and pharyngeal ultrastructure of four trichodorid virus-vector species were examined to identify the occurrence of any structural characters that could account for particle retention at specific sites in this region. Similarities between Paratrichodorus and Trichodorus species are reported for the first time and new evidence is provided on the position of all gland sinuses and outlets. The occurrence of an inner spear in adult specimens is discussed.
Molecular and morphometric analyses of Xiphidorus species (Nematoda: Longidoridae)
Authors: Fenton Brian , Oliveira Claudio , Monteiro Ailton , Malloch Gaynor , Neilson Roy , Ferraz Luiz 
Published: July 2005

AbstractXiphidorus nematodes are indigenous to Latin America and have a restricted geographical distribution compared to Xiphinema. A principal component analysis (PCA) based on eight morphometric characters from 39 South American populations clearly separated populations previously identified as X. achalae, X. amazonensis, X. minor, X. saladillensis and X. uruguayensis and three undescribed Xiphidorus species. However, populations identified as X. balcarceanus, X. parthenus and X. yepesara did not form similar discrete groupings and exhibited either considerable morphological variability or were incorrectly identified. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees derived from both 18S rDNA and ITS-1 sequences discriminated six Xiphidorus species (X. balcarceanus, X. minor, X. parthenus, X. yepesara, and two undescribed Xiphidorus species) from Brazil. Also, restriction analysis of PCR products derived from the ITS-1 region using three restriction enzymes (Taq I, Rsa I and Hin f I) yielded repeatable patterns that clearly discriminated these six Xiphidorus species. Sequence divergence was noted between X. parthenus and X. yepesara. Our morphometric and molecular data suggests that X. parthenus and X. yepesara are distinct species contrary to their previous subspecific status.
Nematode community composition in five alpine habitats
Authors: Hoschitz Michael , Kaufmann Rüdiger 
Published: July 2005

AbstractSoil nematodes were studied in five alpine habitats (sedge mat, pasture, peat bog, moraine, and lichen heath) in the Austrian Alps (Obergurgl, Tyrol) from 2001 to 2002. A total of 75 genera within 49 families were found. The mean nematode population density ranged from 80 to 383 individuals 100 g–1 soil and increased during the short alpine growing season. The most abundant feeding groups were bacterial feeders followed by plant-parasitic nematodes. The number of nematode taxa differed only slightly between habitats. Diversity indices (H' =3.7-4.8 based on genera) and maturity indices (MI = 2.7-3.4) were generally high. Nematode community composition of the pasture and the peat bog differed markedly from the other three sites. Nematode data on genera and feeding types yielded a comparable similarity pattern for all sites but site discrimination was better at the genus level.
SEM studies on the Mediterranean olive root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne baetica, and histopathology on two additional natural hosts
Authors: Liébanas Gracia , Castillo Pablo , Vovlas Nicola 
Published: July 2005

AbstractSEM studies on a Meloidogyne baetica population provided additional details of the external morphology for female, male and second-stage juveniles. The labial disc in female and male specimens is fused with the medial lips forming a single structure. In second-stage juveniles the lateral lips are triangular with rounded margins. The amphidial opening for all life stages appears oval to rectangular in shape and is located between the labial disc and lateral lips. Lateral fields of male and second-stage juveniles have four incisures irregularly areolated along the entire body. The results of a host-range study for additional natural hosts of M. baetica conducted in wild olive communities growing at Vejer de la Frontera (Cádiz province) in southern Spain are also reported. Apart from the type host, M. baetica was found to infect two natural woody host plants, lentisc (Pistacia lentiscus) and Aristolochia baetica. Hostparasite relationships in these new hosts confirmed the typical susceptible reaction observed in wild and cultivated olives. Similarly, the reproductive fitness, evaluated as the number of eggs per egg mass, was not significantly different in all plant hosts. No infections or galled roots were observed in herbaceous plant species studied and M. baetica must therefore be considered as a parasite of woody plants.
Support for Right-Wing Extremist Ideology: Socio-Economic Indicators and Socio-Psychological Mechanisms of Social Identification
Authors: Pedahzur Ami , Canetti-Nisim Daphna 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe study examined the associations between support for right-wing extremism, on the one hand, and social-psychological measures of in-group favoritism (e. g. authoritarianism) and both objective (e. g., income) and subjective (economic insecurity) socio-economic measures, on the other, among 706 Israeli-Jewish respondents. Contrary to the initial tendency to reduce right-wing extremism and define it on the basis of a single characteristic (i.e. anti-foreigner sentiments), it is defined as a broad concept that reflects a multi-layered ideology. We theorized that hostile attitudes towards out-groups are the result of in-group favoritism, and that this may be particularly apt when a sense of socio-economic competition arises. Findings obtained through the analyses of three models via structural equation modeling show that the socio-economic variables have significant direct negative effects on the socio-psychological mediating variables, and also have negative indirect effects on right-wing extremism, via their influence on the mediating socio-psychological variables. While persons with strong social identification tendencies are likely to espouse right-wing extremist ideologies whether they are high or low on the socio-economic status, persons who score low on socio-economic indicators are not likely to support right-wing extremist ideologies unless they also have strong mechanisms of social identification.
Answering Shortall
Authors: Lebowitz Michael A. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractKarl Marx, philosopher of praxis — the theorist who rejected both the utopian socialists and the utopian putschists because of his core concept of the self-development of the working class through its own struggles. Was Marx necessarily limited because he lived and wrote in the nineteenth century – limited, not because capitalism was as yet ‘immature’ (as many would have it), but because the proletariat was? Felton Shortall proposes that, able to observe neither the struggles for (and fate of) workers’ councils and Soviets nor ‘the limitations of the workers’ council form of organisation’ as revealed by revolutionary experiences such as the ‘refusal to work’, Marx could not proceed beyond the dialectic of capital.
Marxism, ‘Manufactured Uncertainty’ and Progressivism: A Response to Giddens
Authors: Wetherly Paul 
Published: July 2005

AbstractIn a series of writings in recent years, Anthony Giddens has pursued two broad interconnected themes: reflection on the future of radical politics in a world in which, it is claimed, received political ideologies of Right and Left are exhausted; and, analysis of the character of what Giddens calls ‘second-phase’ modernisation. The connection between the two themes is straightforward: it is because the world has changed in profound ways that radical politics cannot be continued in the old way. Both of these themes are analysed at length in Beyond Left and Right. In this work, Giddens describes a long-run shift in our relationship to social and technological change manifest in the advance of ‘manufactured uncertainty’ or risk. This has been accelerated by a (more recent) shift from ‘simple’ to 'reflexive’ (or ‘second-phase’) modernisation which is a compound of a related series of developments during the post-war period – the ‘social revolutions of our time’ (globalisation and the rise of a posttraditional reflexive social order).
The Interconnection of Systematic Dialectics and Historical Materialism
Authors: Reuten Geert 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThis paper discusses some recent developments in the Marxian theory of value, called value-form theory, which have gone along with a methodological shift from a linear logic and historical dialectics to a dialectical logic and systematic dialectics. In order to appreciate these developments within the Marxian paradigm, it is useful to make two introductory remarks: first, on some peculiarities of Marxian discourse and, second, about discrepancies in Marx's Capital.