bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions/opinions about the formation of the bachelor program in exercise and sports science by students aimed at the new professional profile of the basic kinesiologist
Authors: Esposito Giovanni , Di Domenico Felice , Ceruso Rosario , Aliberti Sara , Raiola Gaetano 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
In Italy, the training of sports workers was carried out through national sports federations (NSF), sports promotion bodies (SPB) and associated disciplines (AD) since there were no laws regarding specific professional figures on a par with other labor sectors. New and recent legislation stipulates that specific training is the responsibility of universities, with the 3-year bachelor's degree program in Exercise and Sports Science (L22) for the cultural and scientific profiling of the new professional figure of the basic kinesiologist. The study measures the perceptions and opinions that students have with respect to the training in their studies and also analyze any gaps in terms of knowledge and skills to be applied in the professional field.

Methods
A questionnaire was administered to 30 students consisting of 15 questions divided into three sections: Sect. 1 of sample identification, Sect. 2 assessing perceptions on knowledge acquired, and Sect. 3 assessing perceptions on skills learned. A chi-square (χ2) analysis was performed to check for significant differences.

Results
The results showed a difference of opinion. Although 84.2% of the sample thought highly of the training offered, discordant data emerged on the knowledge and skills taught within the courses of study. Although this high percentage is convinced and entrusts their training to the university pathway, it is found that 19% have qualifications issued by NSF, 4.8% by other and 1.6% by SPB. In addition there is significance P = .001 demonstrating liking with respect to the training received.

Conclusion
The basic kinesiologist is a key figure within sports organizations, and university training is also considered positive by those trained by NSF, SPB, and AD.
Voraussetzungen für und Bedeutung von unterschiedlichen Kooperationsformen als Quelle der Arbeitszufriedenheit und Mitarbeiterbindung von Lehrkräften
Authors: Besa Kris-Stephen , Gesang Johanna , Kruse Christoph , Rothland Martin 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDamit erfolgreiche Lehrkräftekooperation stattfinden und ihr Potenzial entfalten kann, bedarf es zahlreicher schulischer Voraussetzungen, die das Schulleitungshandeln auf verschiedenen Ebenen betreffen. Diese Voraussetzungen und ihre Wirkungen sollen in Zusammenhang mit unterschiedlichen Kooperationsformen in diesem Beitrag überprüft werden. Die Studie greift dabei auf eine Stichprobe von 1052 Befragten an Hamburger Schulen zurück und untersucht, ob es unterschiedliche Voraussetzungen und Qualitäten der Kooperation mit Blick auf die Schulformen gibt und inwiefern unterschiedliche Kooperationsformen durch spezifisches Schulleitungshandeln beeinflusst werden. Neben durch Varianzanalysen ermittelten schulformspezifischen Unterschieden bei den Konstrukten verweist eine durchgeführte Regressionsanalyse insbesondere auf die Bedeutung der Schaffung geeigneter struktureller Voraussetzung für höherwertige Kooperationsmaßnahmen.
‘I Had No Choice’: Adult Neutralisation of Online Sexual Engagement with Children
Authors: Bradbury Paula , Bleakley Paul , Martellozzo Elena 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study explores sexual contact between adults and minors on live internet chat websites like Omegle using the five-point framework of neutralisation to better understand how this behaviour is justified and rationalised by adult participants in such acts. A thematic content analysis was performed based on a sample of 100 requests for advice posted by anonymous users on two open-source platforms from legal professionals. These requests were all from unidentifiable adults. The key themes identified were ‘denial and minimisation of responsibility’, ‘the motivated poster’, ‘awareness of behaviour’, ‘child sexual abuse (CSA)’, and ‘content moderation and censorship’. The results highlight several processes of blame-shifting and neutralisation that are commonly used by adults when describing incidences of sexual contact with minors on Omegle. It enhances our understanding of sexual interactions occurring on live chat platforms, including those that are harmful and illegal, and presents opportunities for proactive intervention and moderation.
Das unterschätzte biotechnologische Potenzial der Darmmikrobiota
Authors: Neff André , Lück Rebecca , Gindt Mélanie , Deppenmeier Uwe 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe human gut microbiota harbors untapped potential for biotechnological applications. Within the phylum of Bacteroidota, Phocaeicola vulgatus stands out as a promising candidate for sustainable production of key platform chemicals like succinate. However, genetic engineering of Phocaeicola sp. remains challenging due to its intricate molecular landscape. This study lays the groundwork for manipulating the central carbon pathways in Phocaeicola vulgatus, offering insights into overcoming genetic hurdles for increased succinate yields.
Die unentdeckte Vielfalt der Comamonadaceae-Phagen in Kläranlagen
Authors: Barrero-Canosa Jimena , Cooper Myriel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhages are important members of wastewater treatment plant communities. Surprisingly, little is known about phages and their impact on microbially-mediated processes in these facilities. We explore phages infecting the Comamonadaceae, a bacterial family consistently found in wastewater treatment plants. Our findings reveal limited genetic similarity between newly isolated phages and known ones, emphasizing underestimated diversity and understanding of their impact on wastewater treatment.
Besser und günstiger: Volumenreduktion in der Einzelzellgenomik
Authors: Sobol Morgan S. , Sturm Gunnar , Kaster Anne-Kristin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSingle cell genomics (SCG) is a is a complementary method to metagenomics for exploring the genomes of uncultivated microorganisms. However, due to the minute amounts of DNA in the individual microbial cell, an amplification step is required before sequencing. Unfortunately, this reaction is notoriously costly and does not amplify all genomic regions equally well, preventing high-throughput applications and leading to incomplete and biased genomes. Here, we show a simple volume reduction approach to make SCG more feasible.
Shrub Age and Water Dynamics Influence Primary Production, Carbon, and Nitrogen Stocks in a Coastal Environment
Authors: Wood Lauren K. , Young Donald R. , Zinnert Julie C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDrivers of shrub primary production and associated landscape impacts of encroachment are well known in drylands but have not been thoroughly studied in mesic and coastal habitats. The native, nitrogen-fixing shrub, Morella cerifera, has expanded into coastal grassland along the US Atlantic coast due to warming temperatures, but impacts on ecosystem function are not well known. Annual net primary production (ANPP) of Morella cerifera and key environmental drivers were measured long-term (1990 – 2007) across a chronosequence of shrub age on a mid-Atlantic barrier island. Soil and groundwater nutrients were compared with un-encroached grassland soil to evaluate impacts of vegetation on nutrient dynamics. Shrub ANPP declined with age at the same rate among all thickets, but there was variability from year to year. When climate variables were included in models, shrub age, precipitation, and freshwater table depth were consistent predictors of ANPP. Water table depth decreased over time, reducing ANPP. This may be due to rising sea-level, as well as to feedbacks with shrub age and evapotranspiration. Soil N and C increased with shrub age and were higher than adjacent grassland sites; however, there was a significant loss of N and C to groundwater. Our results demonstrate that drivers influencing the encroachment of shrubs in this coastal system (i.e., warming temperature) are not as important in predicting shrub primary production. Rather, interactions between shrub age and hydrological properties impact ANPP, contributing to coastal carbon storage.
Examining arterial pulsation to identify and risk-stratify heart failure subjects with deep neural network
Authors: Huang Chieh-Chun , Sung Shih-Hsien , Wang Wei-Ting , Su Yin-Yuan , Huang Chi-Jung , Chu Tzu-Yu , Chuang Shao-Yuan , Chiang Chern-En , Chen Chen-Huan , Lin Chen-Ching , Cheng Hao-Min 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHemodynamic parameters derived from pulse wave analysis have been shown to predict long-term outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF). Here we aimed to develop a deep-learning based algorithm that incorporates pressure waveforms for the identification and risk stratification of patients with HF. The first study, with a case–control study design to address data imbalance issue, included 431 subjects with HF exhibiting typical symptoms and 1545 control participants with no history of HF (non-HF). Carotid pressure waveforms were obtained from all the participants using applanation tonometry. The HF score, representing the probability of HF, was derived from a one-dimensional deep neural network (DNN) model trained with characteristics of the normalized carotid pressure waveform. In the second study of HF patients, we constructed a Cox regression model with 83 candidate clinical variables along with the HF score to predict the risk of all-cause mortality along with rehospitalization. To identify subjects using the HF score, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, F1 score, and area under receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.867, 0.851, 0.874, 0.878, and 0.93, respectively, from the hold-out cross-validation of the DNN, which was better than other machine learning models, including logistic regression, support vector machine, and random forest. With a median follow-up of 5.8 years, the multivariable Cox model using the HF score and other clinical variables outperformed the other HF risk prediction models with concordance index of 0.71, in which only the HF score and five clinical variables were independent significant predictors (p < 0.05), including age, history of percutaneous coronary intervention, concentration of sodium in the emergency room, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and hemoglobin. Our study demonstrated the diagnostic and prognostic utility of arterial waveforms in subjects with HF using a DNN model. Pulse wave contains valuable information that can benefit the clinical care of patients with HF.
Effect of land-use intensity and adjacent semi-natural habitats on wild and honey bees of meadows
Authors: Schlager Martin , Neumayer Johann , Petermann Jana S. , Dötterl Stefan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMost terrestrial ecosystems are shaped by the pollination service provided by insects, foremost bees. As bees are also important pollinators of crop plants, they are key for both the pollination of wild plants and for agricultural production. Meadows and semi-natural habitats (SNHs) are important habitats for bees. However, there is limited knowledge on how land-use intensity of meadows affects wild bees and managed Western honey bees. Further, it is unknown whether SNHs adjacent to meadows affect bees in meadows. Here, we examined in a landscape dominated by grasslands, the effects of land-use intensity (nitrogen input, grazing intensity, mowing frequency), flower availability and adjacent SNHs on bee communities in meadows. We recorded more than 5000 individuals of 87 species of bees and found no effect of land-use intensity on wild and honey bees. Flowering plant species richness had a positive effect on bee species richness in one study year. Though we recorded more bee species in SNHs than meadows, overall and specifically in ecologically specialized bee species (e.g. parasitic bees, oligoleges), the availability of adjacent SNHs did not affect bee abundance and richness in meadows. We discuss why land-use intensity and SNHs adjacent to meadows did not affect bees in meadows and conclude that SNHs are important in sustaining functionally diverse bee communities in landscapes dominated by grasslands.
All-Covalent Organic Framework Nanofilms Assembled Lithium-Ion Capacitor to Solve the Imbalanced Charge Storage Kinetics
Authors: Xu Xiaoyang , Zhang Jia , Zhang Zihao , Lu Guandan , Cao Wei , Wang Ning , Xia Yunmeng , Feng Qingliang , Qiao Shanlin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFree-standing covalent organic framework (COFs) nanofilms exhibit a remarkable ability to rapidly intercalate/de-intercalate Li+ in lithium-ion batteries, while simultaneously exposing affluent active sites in supercapacitors. The development of these nanofilms offers a promising solution to address the persistent challenge of imbalanced charge storage kinetics between battery-type anode and capacitor-type cathode in lithium-ion capacitors (LICs). Herein, for the first time, custom-made COFBTMB-TP and COFTAPB-BPY nanofilms are synthesized as the anode and cathode, respectively, for an all-COF nanofilm-structured LIC. The COFBTMB-TP nanofilm with strong electronegative–CF3 groups enables tuning the partial electron cloud density for Li+ migration to ensure the rapid anode kinetic process. The thickness-regulated cathodic COFTAPB-BPY nanofilm can fit the anodic COF nanofilm in the capacity. Due to the aligned 1D channel, 2D aromatic skeleton and accessible active sites of COF nanofilms, the whole COFTAPB-BPY//COFBTMB-TP LIC demonstrates a high energy density of 318 mWh cm−3 at a high-power density of 6 W cm−3, excellent rate capability, good cycle stability with the capacity retention rate of 77% after 5000-cycle. The COFTAPB-BPY//COFBTMB-TP LIC represents a new benchmark for currently reported film-type LICs and even film-type supercapacitors. After being comprehensively explored via ex situ XPS, 7Li solid-state NMR analyses, and DFT calculation, it is found that the COFBTMB-TP nanofilm facilitates the reversible conversion of semi-ionic to ionic C–F bonds during lithium storage. COFBTMB-TP exhibits a strong interaction with Li+ due to the C–F, C=O, and C–N bonds, facilitating Li+ desolation and absorption from the electrolyte. This work addresses the challenge of imbalanced charge storage kinetics and capacity between the anode and cathode and also pave the way for future miniaturized and wearable LIC devices.
Highly Aligned Graphene Aerogels for Multifunctional Composites
Authors: Wu Ying , An Chao , Guo Yaru , Zong Yangyang , Jiang Naisheng , Zheng Qingbin , Yu Zhong-Zhen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractStemming from the unique in-plane honeycomb lattice structure and the sp2 hybridized carbon atoms bonded by exceptionally strong carbon–carbon bonds, graphene exhibits remarkable anisotropic electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. To maximize the utilization of graphene's in-plane properties, pre-constructed and aligned structures, such as oriented aerogels, films, and fibers, have been designed. The unique combination of aligned structure, high surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, mechanical stability, thermal conductivity, and porous nature of highly aligned graphene aerogels allows for tailored and enhanced performance in specific directions, enabling advancements in diverse fields. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in highly aligned graphene aerogels and their composites. It highlights the fabrication methods of aligned graphene aerogels and the optimization of alignment which can be estimated both qualitatively and quantitatively. The oriented scaffolds endow graphene aerogels and their composites with anisotropic properties, showing enhanced electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties along the alignment at the sacrifice of the perpendicular direction. This review showcases remarkable properties and applications of aligned graphene aerogels and their composites, such as their suitability for electronics, environmental applications, thermal management, and energy storage. Challenges and potential opportunities are proposed to offer new insights into prospects of this material.
Using Decision Trees for Interpretable Supervised Clustering
Authors: Kokash Natallia , Makhnist Leonid 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we address an issue of finding explainable clusters of class-uniform data in labeled datasets. The issue falls into the domain of interpretable supervised clustering. Unlike traditional clustering, supervised clustering aims at forming clusters of labeled data with high probability densities. We are particularly interested in finding clusters of data of a given class and describing the clusters with the set of comprehensive rules. We propose an iterative method to extract high-density clusters with the help of decision-tree-based classifiers as the most intuitive learning method, and discuss the method of node selection to maximize quality of identified groups.
Examining the short and long-term impacts of child sexual abuse: a review study
Authors: Ali Sana , Pasha Saadia Anwar , Cox Ann , Youssef Enaam 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChild sexual abuse is a growing problem, representing an egregious abuse of power, trust, and authority with far-reaching implications for the victims. This review study highlights the intricate psychological impacts of child sexual abuse, addressing both short and long-term consequences. Existing literature highlights the deep impacts on the victims’ psychological health and well-being, necessitating an in-depth examination of the subject. Drawing from a sample of n = 19 research articles selected through stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria and the PRISMA approach, this study synthesizes results from publications spanning 2010 to 2022. The review reveals various detrimental impacts on the victims’ psychological well-being, including short-term consequences, i.e., isolation, bullying, stress, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Long-term effects encompass PTSD in later life, disrupted intimate relationships, social and emotional health concerns, revictimization, and more. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the lack of a definitive number of impacts, highlighting the need to discuss and raise awareness about child sexual abuse. This increased awareness is important for parents, guardians, and responsible authorities to effectively counteract these crimes against children. Also, providing emotional support to victims is important to mitigate the long-term impacts. The researchers offer implications and discuss limitations, providing an extensive overview and foundation for future research and interventions.
How to design an AI ethics board
Authors: Schuett Jonas , Reuel Ann-Katrin , Carlier Alexis 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe development and deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) systems poses significant risks to society. To reduce these risks to an acceptable level, AI companies need an effective risk management process and sound risk governance. In this paper, we explore a particular way in which AI companies can improve their risk governance: by setting up an AI ethics board. We identify five key design choices: (1) What responsibilities should the board have? (2) What should its legal structure be? (3) Who should sit on the board? (4) How should it make decisions? (5) And what resources does it need? We break each of these questions down into more specific sub-questions, list options, and discuss how different design choices affect the board’s ability to reduce societal risks from AI. Several failures have shown that designing an AI ethics board can be challenging. This paper provides a toolbox that can help AI companies to overcome these challenges.
Is industrial policy back in fashion? Text-as-data evidence from UK policy documents
Authors: Popa Mircea 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article evaluates the claim that industrial policy is seeing a revival in developed economies, using text-as-data evidence from UK government policy papers. Structural topic modeling shows that content which can be related to industrial policy has indeed seen a large increase in prevalence over the past decade compared to the baseline of the post-1980 liberal era. Moreover, such content is shown to be increasingly central to post-2010 economic policy based on its position in the network of topics, on the number of downloads of documents associated with it, and on inclusion in important papers. An automated text summarization algorithm is used to extract the fragments which are most representative for these developments, and these are shown to closely match common definitions of industrial policy. A sentiment analysis algorithm is then used to extract the motivations given for policy proposals in representative documents, and indicates that declining economic competitiveness is a central concern.
Informational lobbying, information asymmetry, and the adoption of the ride-hailing model policy in the U.S. States
Authors: Wen Yuni 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExisting research on lobbying has predominantly focused on its material returns, such as equity returns, stock prices, and government contracts while overlooking its informational impact. This paper addresses this gap by investigating to what extent and under what conditions policymakers assimilate information delivered through corporate lobbying. Drawing on an informational perspective, it proposes that the informational effect of lobbying is moderated by the information asymmetry between policymakers and firms. Focusing on the U.S. ride-hailing industry, this study utilizes a unique dataset on U.S. state legislatures’ adoption of the model policy lobbied by ride-hailing companies. The results reveal that the informational impact of corporate lobbying is highly contingent upon the presence of information asymmetry between policymakers and firms, which can be attributed to policymakers’ resources for independent information gathering, information deliberation through public hearings or media discussions, and countervailing lobbying efforts.
Turning expletive: From embedded speech-acts to embedded propositions
Authors: Tahar Chloé , Mari Alda 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article focuses on a non-canonical use of negation in historical and modern French, characterized by an apparent absence of meaning: expletive negation. In search of the lost meaning of expletive negation, via a diachronic investigation from Latin to French, we establish that expletive negation originates from prohibitive negation. We put forward an analysis of prohibitive negation within Krifka (2014)'s model of embedded speech-act and propose that expletive negation is the continuation of prohibitive negation, and that it is what remains of a long-gone embedded negative imperative in French. Along this line of analysis, the article brings historical evidence in favour of the hypothesis that languages can develop from speech-act embedding to proposition embedding. Our analysis of prohibitive negation as a clause-typing negation marker in Latin and as a verbal mood negation marker brings new evidence to the claim that sentential and verbal mood marking are two intimately related phenomena.