bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polarization control and enhanced magnetic field sensitivity utilizing surface plasmon polaritons-assisted dual-V-type four-level system
Authors: Gu Sanfeng , Wang Tianqi , Zhang Zeheng , Cai Linyuan , Deng Ming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We propose a kind of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs)-assisted dual-V-type four-level composite system used for high-sensitivity weak magnetic field measurement. The SPPs are excited by a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) deposited with gold nanowires, and are interacted with the above quantum emitter from the rubidium atomic vapor. In the presence of the external magnetic field, Faraday rotation symmetry is broken due to Zeeman effect, resulting in the polarization plane rotation when a linearly polarized probe field goes through the above quantum emitter. With the help of the coupled field and SPPs, Faraday magneto-optical rotation (MOR) are effectively regulated. The Rabi frequency of the coupled field (Ω
c
), quantum interference degree (q), and phase difference (φ) between the applied fields show strong dependence on the MOR angle and magnetic field measurement sensitivity. The simulated results reveal that the maximum MOR angle and magnetic field sensitivity both damp with Ω
c
expanding and q reducing. The maximum dichroism-independent MOR angle of 89.97° is realized for φ = 0° (180°), and the magnetic field sensitivity of 10.88°/Oe is obtained in the sweeping range of −8.88–8.88 Oe for q = 0.99, being 2.66°/Oe higher than that in the absence of SPPs (q = 0). Most importantly, the output probe field with different polarization forms can be realized by adjusting the φ value. Hence, the proposed device exhibits the potential in the fields of weak magnetic field measurement and polarization control.
Modulating dual-wavelength optical fiber vector solitons
Authors: Xu Guangyu , Peng Yangyang , Tang Yongqiang , Zhang Keyun , Liao Meisong , Fang Yongzheng , Zhou Yan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Optical fiber vector solitons have potential applications in the field of high-capacity optical fiber communications and have been widely explored in recent years. Here, we theoretically modulate dual-wavelength optical fiber vector solitons in an optical fiber system at a wavelength regime of 1 μm while considering the influence of group velocity dispersion. When the input dual-wavelength optical fiber vector solitons have the same two central wavelengths of 1057 nm and 1063 nm in orthogonal directions, the output modulated optical fiber vector solitons’ pulse shapes and optical spectra will maintain their peak intensities upon the change of the projection angle. When the two orthogonal central wavelengths of the input dual-wavelength optical fiber vector solitons are slightly different (1056 nm and 1062 nm in one polarization direction, 1058 nm and 1064 nm in the other direction), dual-peak pulse shapes appear and are accompanied by different wavelength peak intensities when the propagation distance increases. Our simulation results examine the out-cavity modulation of dual-wavelength optical fiber vector solitons and can be expanded to multi-wavelength optical fiber vector solitons’ modulation.
Portable EDXRF spectrometer: determination of linearity, LOD, LOQ, and working range for the analysis of base and precious metals in liquid matrices
Authors: Krummenauer A , Lapazin L H , Cenci M P , Veit H M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Utilizing a portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometer and certified reference materials, this study aimed to determine the linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), and working range of the method for quantitative analysis of base and precious metals in liquid matrices. As the EDXRF method lacks standardization and is highly susceptible to matrix effects, these calculations play a crucial role in the analytical validation process. The obtained R2 values in this study exceeded 0.99, and the residuals exhibited a random distribution pattern. The LOD and LOQ values were determined to be exceptionally low, approaching the resolution limit of the spectrometer. Consequently, our calculations confirmed the analytical validation of the portable EDXRF method for analyzing elements in liquid matrices. The utilization of portable EDXRF equipment in quantitative measurements of elements in liquid matrices represents an innovative approach, unveiling new areas of application for this type of instrument.
Basic procedures in the production of reference materials for ultrasonic non-destructive testing
Authors: Pinto E S F , Shiuan W B , Santos E W J , Dourado T C , Costa-Félix R P B 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Conducting reliable measurements with traceability is a basic premise in commercial relations between nations. This role is performed by the national standardization institutes (NMI) and coordinated by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). The use of Reference Materials (RM) and Certified Reference Materials (CRM) have contributed for decades, mainly to the pharmaceutical and biological products industry, providing high-quality measurements and adding value to the products. This research presents the primary standards and guidelines relevant to the definition of RM and CRM for the area of non-destructive testing (NDT) by ultrasound. The generation process of these materials must occur from short- and long-term stability and homogeneity tests following ISO Guide 35. Following a basic protocol defined for the experiments, the first results generated for the RM and CRM validation process are presented for the first results generated for a production process of a set of 24 carbon steel blocks for property calibration regarding ultrasonic velocity.
Ensuring the validity of measurement results of nitrite and nitrate in meat products
Authors: de Oliveira M C , de Almeida M D , Osorio A C P , de Sena R C , Souza V 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Nitrate and nitrite measurement is a fundamental part of quality control in the meat products industries. The guarantee of technical validity of the results of these measurements can be achieved through the adoption of appropriate metrological tools such as method validation. In this study, the measurement of the mass fractions of nitrite and nitrate ions was performed by ion chromatography with UV detection. The method was linear (r > 0.99) over the working range. Limits of quantification values for measuring nitrite and nitrate in meat product were 8.0 mg kg−1 and 52.4 mg kg−1, respectively. The mean values of recovery at all evaluated mass fraction levels were within the range of 88 % to 106 %. All the validation parameters resulted as satisfactory, and the method was considered adequate for the intended use.
Virtual Laboratory of Ionizing Radiation Metrology: Validation by spectrometry
Authors: Macedo E M , Nascimento M R , Pacífico L C , Garcia I F M , Ferreira J S , Santos W S , Belinato W , Navarro M V T , Peixoto J G P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The digital revolution is a reality. Many areas of industry, services as well as other applications fields, are migrating part of their jobs - even the totality - to the digital environment. Ionizing radiation metrology cannot be out of this world. For this objective, the creation of a virtual environment from the physical systems of radiation meter calibration has been proposed. The methodology tools used consist of describing all the key elements of this laboratory in Monte Carlo, using EGSnrc and egs_phd application, to simulate them and to validate the system comparing it with experimental data in the same condition. In this context, the N60 radiation quality, from ISO 4037-1, was chosen for this purpose. An AMPTEK XR-100T CdTe was used on spectrometry, and the spectra were corrected based on the Stripping method. The results showed a good agreement between experimental and simulated spectra, with a difference in their mean energy of 1.4% within the ±5% tolerance range required on ISO 4037-1:1996. After being corrected, both had mean energy of 47.2 keV and a spectral resolution of 33%, which complies with the requirements to produce the ISO N60 reference beam. This indicates that, at first analysis, the virtual system can be exposed to new metrological tests.
An Analysis of Image Processing In Forestry and Agriculture Review
Authors: Mosslah Abd Abrahim , Abbas Amel H. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Numerous techniques have been demonstrated for computer technologies to increase agricultural output. One method that is becoming into a valuable tool for picture processing. In order to help academics and farmers improve agricultural practices, this study provides a brief assessment on the use of image processing in forestry and agriculture. Modern agricultural techniques, pesticides and herbicides, plant nutrition management and plant development monitoring benefit greatly from image processing techniques. A future potential for image processing in various agricultural business situations is highlighted in this research. Segmentation in this context refers to the division of pixels in a picture into plant and nonplant pixels. For subsequent plant analysis, like plant categorization (in another meaning: determining this plant was considered either a crop or maybe a weed. Based on this analysis, the successful work depends herbicide application in smart agricultural applications, In this process, excellence is crucial. Fragmentation is first focused on through survey and then image pre-processing is carefully examined. Here, at this stage, the backgrounds of the plants are segmented (i.e., the soil attachments are isolated on one side and the plant on the other). The main plant harvesting strategies are three of which are segmentation based on threshold, segmentation based on deep learning and segmentation based on color index. The focus of our review is on color index methods due to their abundance in the literature. Therefore, according to literature research completed in last decade, specifically starting in the year 2008 to 2021, a thorough evaluation of the Color index-based categorization approaches are shown. Finally, we list the difficulties and a few chances for new breakthroughs in this field.
A prototype sensorless dual axis solar tracker system based on Arduino programming technique
Authors: Nori Abbas F. , Wdaah Enas R. , Alatta Hassan J. , Mohammed Faisel G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The research works on designing and manufacturing a device that can generate clean energy, taking into account the geographical location of Iraq, and be economical and cheap, this manufactured device addresses the permanent problems that this type of device encounters. Therefore, a solar tracker has been manufactured that tracks the sun’s rays, to reduce the number of solar panels used, and is an environmentally friendly generator, it works without the LDR photosensors. The work was done on different days, a sunny day, a partially cloudy day, and a cloudy day. Through the work, it was practically observed that the device responded to work and reduced the problem of dispersion, as it was directed by programming from the microcontroller, not by the sensors, from the obtained results, it was noted that the generation losses in the three days under study sequentially are (10.9%, 9%, 4.9% ) and the results are very acceptable, and the anticipated outcome was attained.
Universal Geographic Information System Productivity beneath optimum Underwater Sensor Networks Routing
Authors: Hayder Israa Adil , Yasmeen Rizwana , Ali Usman , Kayani Saleha , Khan Sajawal ur Rehman , Ahmed Ghufran 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Study Framework: The system of geographical information (GIS) is a computerized method for collecting, storing, disseminating, querying, updating, processing and analyzing geographic data. (GIS) enables the collection of diverse spatial data from various sources and transforms it into an information board for multiple users to boost productivity. Intelligent techniques, remote sensing, and underwater Wireless sensor networks are applied to improve GIS dramatically. Remote sensing data sources for GIS come from underwater sensor networks, The implementation of effective sensing devices, intelligent mobile nodes, and a multi-hop routing system can facilitate the efficient and optimal routing of traffic towards the basin or base station. They have been using GIS, which has revolutionized response scenarios with its ability to collect, analyze and manipulate spatial points.

The objective of the study: The aim of this research is to differentiate the significant routing protocol issues that are relevant to underwater sensor networks. These networks serve as key transceivers that have established mechanisms for seamless and efficient data transmission.

The mechanisms: The article presented a performance evaluation simulation based on a comparison of five different routing protocols that perform to promote GIS execution. A rigorous comparison of the outcomes varied by five routing protocols, where it evaluated with random mobility UnderWater sensor model based on the varied network parameters, was performed to validate this work.

The continued to improve results: The suggested study in this manuscript contains spatial-information services universal to routing protocols to aid a group of navigators in harsh circumstances. According to the findings of the study, the CTP-ABS-SEEC routing protocol demonstrated superior performance compared to the other four routing protocols (CTP-SEEC, SEEC, EEDBR, and DBR) in the specified network configuration.
Seasonal Flooding Impact on Land Surface Temperature(LST) in Response to Vegetation Index Using Spectral Radiance Model in Kirkuk, Iraq
Authors: Atta Husham AbdMunaf 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Change detection of land use is essential in management and planning decisions. Land Surface Temperature (LST) has a significant importance in many geoscience aspects, such as heat transportation between land and atmosphere, state of corps, heat flux, greenhouse effect both locally and regionally, surface moisture and surface energy budget estimation, the monitoring of urban heat island, evapotranspiration and environmental biogeochemistry process simulation. A geographic information system was efficiently utilized to observe the changes in land use different categories and to map annual and seasonal LST variations. In this study, Land sat 5 and 8 images for the years 2010, 2017 and 2019 were used to study the flooding imact on the LST. The Mono-Window algorithm and sepectral rediance model on Landsat-5 TM and OLI were used to estimate LST. Taking 2010 as a reference, an empirical study shows that the No-vegetation category percentage was 9.28 % and 11.03% in the 2017 and 2019 summer seasons, respectively, while it was -1.48% and -0.46% in winter. Vegetation change was -60.9% and -50.04% in the 2017 and 2019 summer seasons, respectively, while it was 28.28% and -6.11% in winter. Water area change was -65.8% and 84.1% in the 2017 and 2019 summer seasons, respectively, while it was -38.5% and 59.89% in winter. The results indicate that the water area had greatly decreased during 2017 which led to increase the LST and the floods in 2019 led to decrease the LST by 5-8 degrees. The temperature trend analysis reveals a definite negative association between LST and flooded area, representing this study’s significant finding.
IoT-based compensation and control of power theft in weak distribution system
Authors: Rahman Md Atiqur , Choudhary Jayanti 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a prototype model of real-time rampant power theft detection and compensating the required power current components through switching of distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) using IoT (Internet of Things) based microcontroller via the GSM module. In this case study, an Internet of Things (IoT) application is used to wirelessly transmit data of the difference of smart meters through intelligent current sensors with ESP8266 module. Transmitted pulse sequences find out the derivatives of functions at discrete points through weight function. A weighting function includes power theft detection information in the pulse sequence series form. It computes the unknown sample of pulse in the line that identified the power theft and the quality of the power supply. The sequence error of the of energy meter units communicates microcontroller through the IoT. Microcontroller communicate to μ-PMU to addressed power quality error with a GPS receiver in the line. Based on weight function an algorithm has been developed for switching DSTATCOM for compensation of power quality. The reference and feedback quantities’ resultant errors are sampled within a time rate of the weight function. This control approach is applied with dynamic load to analyze the power quality issues. The results are implemented in MATLAB Simulink and validated experimentally for power theft detection and its compensation in low voltage distribution system.
VISN: virus instance segmentation network for TEM images using deep attention transformer
Authors: Xiao Chi , Wang Jun , Yang Shenrong , Heng Minxin , Su Junyi , Xiao Hao , Song Jingdong , Li Weifu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The identification of viruses from negative staining transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images has mainly depended on experienced experts. Recent advances in artificial intelligence have enabled virus recognition using deep learning techniques. However, most of the existing methods only perform virus classification or semantic segmentation, and few studies have addressed the challenge of virus instance segmentation in TEM images. In this paper, we focus on the instance segmentation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other respiratory viruses and provide experts with more effective information about viruses. We propose an effective virus instance segmentation network based on the You Only Look At CoefficienTs backbone, which integrates the Swin Transformer, dense connections and the coordinate-spatial attention mechanism, to identify SARS-CoV-2, H1N1 influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, Herpes simplex virus-1, Human adenovirus type 5 and Vaccinia virus. We also provide a public TEM virus dataset and conduct extensive comparative experiments. Our method achieves a mean average precision score of 83.8 and F1 score of 0.920, outperforming other state-of-the-art instance segmentation algorithms. The proposed automated method provides virologists with an effective approach for recognizing and identifying SARS-CoV-2 and assisting in the diagnosis of viruses. Our dataset and code are accessible at https://github.com/xiaochiHNU/Virus-Instance-Segmentation-Transformer-Network.
scMultiGAN: cell-specific imputation for single-cell transcriptomes with multiple deep generative adversarial networks
Authors: Wang Tao , Zhao Hui , Xu Yungang , Wang Yongtian , Shang Xuequn , Peng Jiajie , Xiao Bing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The emergence of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has revolutionized the identification of cell types and the study of cellular states at a single-cell level. Despite its significant potential, scRNA-seq data analysis is plagued by the issue of missing values. Many existing imputation methods rely on simplistic data distribution assumptions while ignoring the intrinsic gene expression distribution specific to cells. This work presents a novel deep-learning model, named scMultiGAN, for scRNA-seq imputation, which utilizes multiple collaborative generative adversarial networks (GAN). Unlike traditional GAN-based imputation methods that generate missing values based on random noises, scMultiGAN employs a two-stage training process and utilizes multiple GANs to achieve cell-specific imputation. Experimental results show the efficacy of scMultiGAN in imputation accuracy, cell clustering, differential gene expression analysis and trajectory analysis, significantly outperforming existing state-of-the-art techniques. Additionally, scMultiGAN is scalable to large scRNA-seq datasets and consistently performs well across sequencing platforms. The scMultiGAN code is freely available at https://github.com/Galaxy8172/scMultiGAN.
How to recognize and manage skin toxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a practical approach
Authors: Kawsar Anusuya , Hussain Khawar , Muinonen-Martin Andrew James , Fearfield Louise 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized treatment strategies in the field of oncology. Their favourable outcomes in terms of efficacy and side-effect profile can be thwarted by the development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Cutaneous irAEs are relatively common in patients undergoing immunotherapy and include common inflammatory dermatoses (e.g. eczematous, psoriasiform and lichenoid phenotypes), maculopapular eruptions, pruritus and immunobullous disorders. Most of these reactions can be managed without ICIs having to be stopped completely; however, there are some life-threatening toxicities that dermatologists and oncologists should be aware of. In this review, we focus on how to recognize the commonly associated cutaneous irAEs, touching upon rarer reactions and red flags; finally, we provide guidance on their management.
In vitro comparison of human plasma-based and self-assembled tissue-engineered skin substitutes: two different manufacturing processes for the treatment of deep and difficult to heal injuries
Authors: Sierra-Sánchez Álvaro , Magne Brice , Savard Etienne , Martel Christian , Ferland Karel , Barbier Martin A , Demers Anabelle , Larouche Danielle , Arias-Santiago Salvador , Germain Lucie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
The aim of this in vitro study was to compare side-by-side two models of human bilayered tissue-engineered skin substitutes (hbTESSs) designed for the treatment of severely burned patients. These are the scaffold-free self-assembled skin substitute (SASS) and the human plasma-based skin substitute (HPSS).

Methods
Fibroblasts and keratinocytes from three humans were extracted from skin biopsies (N = 3) and cells from the same donor were used to produce both hbTESS models. For SASS manufacture, keratinocytes were seeded over three self-assembled dermal sheets comprising fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix they produced (n = 12), while for HPSS production, keratinocytes were cultured over hydrogels composed of fibroblasts embedded in either plasma as unique biomaterial (Fibrin), plasma combined with hyaluronic acid (Fibrin-HA) or plasma combined with collagen (Fibrin-Col) (n/biomaterial = 9). The production time was 46–55 days for SASSs and 32–39 days for HPSSs. Substitutes were characterized by histology, mechanical testing, PrestoBlue™-assay, immunofluorescence (Ki67, Keratin (K) 10, K15, K19, Loricrin, type IV collagen) and Western blot (type I and IV collagens).

Results
The SASSs were more resistant to tensile forces (p-value &lt; 0.01) but less elastic (p-value &lt; 0.001) compared to HPSSs. A higher number of proliferative Ki67+ cells were found in SASSs although their metabolic activity was lower. After epidermal differentiation, no significant difference was observed in the expression of K10, K15, K19 and Loricrin. Overall, the production of type I and type IV collagens and the adhesive strength of the dermal-epidermal junction was higher in SASSs.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates, for the first time, that both hbTESS models present similar in vitro biological characteristics. However, mechanical properties differ and future in vivo experiments will aim to compare their wound healing potential.