bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixed-Valence Ammonium Trivanadate with a Tunnel Structure Prepared by Pyrolysis of Polyoxovanadate
Authors: Naruke Haruo , Yamase Toshihiro 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
The pyrolysis of a polyoxovanadate solid, (NH4)12[V18O42(H2O)]·nH2O (n ≈ 11), at 300 °C in an Ar+NH3 atmosphere gave a mixed-valence vanadium oxide, (NH4)xV3O7 (x ≈ 0.6), isostructural with Cs0.37V3O7. The crystal structure of (NH4)xV3O7 was refined by the Rietveld method (hexagonal, P63/m, a = 9.8436(6), c = 3.6165(1) Å, V = 303.47(3) Å3, Z = 2). (NH4)xV3O7 comprises edge- and corner-sharing VIV/VO5 square-pyramids with an approximate ratio of VIV : VV ≈ 0.49 : 0.51, to form a columnar cavity along the c-axis, in which ammonium N atoms are hydrogen-bonded to apical O atoms of the VIV/VO5 square-pyramids. A reflux of the (NH4)xV3O7 powder in a 0.6 M LiOH/2-methoxyethanol solution brought about Li-insertion into the columnar cavity without any structural change in the {V3O7} framework.
Regioselective Synthesis of Nitrones by Decarboxylative Oxidation of N-Alkyl-α-amino Acids and Application to the Synthesis of 1-Azabicyclic Alkaloids
Authors: Ohtake Hiroaki , Imada Yasushi , Murahashi Shun-Ichi 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Tungstate-catalyzed oxidation of N-alkyl-α-amino acids with 30% H2O2 solution under phase-transfer conditions gives nitrones regioselectively in good yields. Using this method, stereodivergent synthesis of (R)- and (S)-4-(t-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-1-pyrroline N-oxides ((R)-17a and (S)-17a) was achieved. In addition, (R)- and (S)-3-(t-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-1-pyrroline N-oxides ((R)-45 and (S)-45) were prepared by catalytic oxidation of the corresponding chiral pyrrolidines in a regioselective manner. These chiral cyclic nitrones, 17 and 45 are versatile intermediates for the synthesis of optically active nitrogen heterocycles, since stereoselective additions of carbon nucleophiles to these chiral nitrones can be readily performed. Typically, ZnI2-mediated addition of ketene t-butyldimethylsilyl methyl acetal (29a) to (R)-17a gave the cis-adduct, methyl (2R,4R)-[1,4-bis(t-butyldimethylsilyloxy)pyrrolidin-2-yl]acetate (cis-30). In contrast, the addition of lithium acetylides 34 to the nitrone (R)-17a gave the trans-adducts, (2S,4R)-2-(1-alkynyl)-4-(t-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-1-hydroxypyrrolidines trans-35. These adducts are useful intermediates for syntheses of the nitrogen heterocycles (3R,5R)-1-aza-3-hydroxybicyclo[3.3.0]octane (37) and (6R,8R)-1-aza-8-hydroxybicyclo[4.3.0]nonane (38), respectively. The ZnI2-mediated addition of ketene silyl acetal 29a to the nitrone (R)-45 gave methyl (2S,3R)-[1,3-bis(t-butyldimethylsilyloxy)pyrrolidin-2-yl]acetate (trans-50a), which was used for asymmetric synthesis of the Geissman–Waiss lactone ((−)-49).
Liquid Crystallinity of 2-Acyl-7-[p-(alkoxy)benzylideneamino]fluorenes
Authors: Takabayashi Yutaka , Yusa Takeshi , Minabe Masahiro , Kimura Takao , Tsubota Motohiro 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
The liquid crystallinity of the title compounds was studied in order to design a stable liquid crystal used at low temperature. The Schiff base derived from 1- or 3-fluoreneamine scarcely shows liquid crystallinity. The propionyl group is effective for lowering the melting point of the mesophase compared to the acetyl group in a series of the title substances. The liquid crystallinity of the title compounds was compared with that of biphenyl homologues. A mesophase of the title substances was observed over a wider range of temperatures than in the case of biphenyl derivatives in a series of propionyl groups.
Benzylation of Alcoholic Hydroxyl Groups with Benzyl Mesylate by Using a Catalytic Amount of Lithium Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate in the Coexistence of Lithium Triflate and Magnesium Oxide
Authors: Nakano Masakazu , Matsuo Jun-ichi , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Several alcohols possessing alkali-labile substituents such as halogen, ester and ketone were effectively benzylated with benzyl mesylate by using a catalytic amount of lithium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate [LiB(C6F5)4] in the coexistence of lithium triflate (LiOTf) and magnesium oxide (MgO) to afford the corresponding benzyl ethers in good to excellent yields.
Two-Dimensional Molecular Imprinting: Binding of Sugars to Boronic Acid Functionalized, Polymerized Langmuir–Blodgett Films
Authors: Miyahara Takashi , Kurihara Kazue 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
A molecular imprinted surface was prepared by polymerizing the Langmuir film of a mixture of two polymerizable amphiphiles, one of which has a boronic acid group as a binding site for a template molecule, 4-nitrophenyl α-d-mannopyranoside (3), dissolved in the aqueous subphase. The imprinted surface exhibited an improved affinity (35%) for the template molecule 3 in 2-butanone compared with the non-imprinted surface.
Single Water Molecule Recognition: A 1:1 Complex of Crownophane with Water by Pseudo-tetrahedral Hydrogen Bond Formation
Authors: Hiratani Kazuhisa , Goto Midori , Nagawa Yoshinobu , Kasuga Kazuyuki , Fujiwara Kyoko 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
A 22-membered crownophane prepared via the “Tandem Claisen Rearrangement” was found to form stable 1:1 complex with water, which is incorporated into the cavity by pseudo-tetrahedral hydrogen bond formation and observed by DSC, TGA, and X-ray structural analysis.
In situ Observation of Molecular Swapping in a Crystal by X-ray Analysis
Authors: Kawano Masaki , Sano Tomokatsu , Abe Jiro , Ohashi Yuji 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
X-ray diffraction analysis elucidated that a pair of hexaarylbiimidazoles was transformed to a complex composed of two lophyl radicals and a piezodimer on irradiation at low temperatures. The piezodimer, the existence of which has been assumed spectroscopically as an unstable isomer, was produced via molecular swapping of two photo-induced lophyl radicals with drastic conformational change. The black crystal reverted to the original structure on warming to 25 °C.
Sequence-Selective RNA Scission by Non-Covalent Combination of Acridine-Tethered DNA and Lanthanide(III) Ion
Authors: Kuzuya Akinori , Komiyama Makoto 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Binary non-covalent systems for site-selective RNA scission are prepared from Lu(III) ion and a DNA bearing an acridine in the internal position. On the formation of DNA/RNA hetero-duplex, the target phosphodiester linkage is activated and preferentially hydrolyzed.
Interpenetrating Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Gels: Preparation of Hybrid and Replica Gels
Authors: Suzuki Kazuya , Yumura Takeshi , Tanaka Yuko , Serizawa Takeshi , Akashi Mitsuru 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
An organic–inorganic hybrid gel was prepared by gelation of organic monomer or polymer solution in pores of a silica matrix. Furthermore, a replica organic gel was obtained from the organic–inorganic hybrid gel by treating the hybrid with aqueous hydrofluoric acid solution. The silica matrix of the hybrid gel was similarly dissolved using aqueous hydrofluoric acid solution, leaving the organic gel matrix.
Photoreaction of o-Acylstyrenes: Formation of Benzo-Fused 8-Oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes
Authors: Oda Kazuaki , Nakagami Rikiji , Nishizono Naozumi , Machida Minoru 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Irradiation of o-acylstyrenes affords a pair of stereoisomers of photodimerized benzo-fused oxygen-bridged compounds, 8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane derivatives.
Photoresponsive Dendrimers: Syntheses and Characterizations of Anthracenes Bearing Dendritic Substituents
Authors: Takaguchi Yutaka , Tajima Tomoyuki , Ohta Kazuchika , Motoyoshiya Jiro , Aoyama Hiromu 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
A new photoreactive anthracenyl dendron undergoes a reversible photocyclization to form a dendrimer.
Preparation of C60 Microcrystals Using High-Temperature and High-Pressure Liquid Crystallization Method
Authors: Kasai Hitoshi , Okazaki Susumu , Hanada Takeshi , Okada Shuji , Oikawa Hidetoshi , Adschiri Tadafumi , Arai Kunio , Yase Kiyoshi , Nakanishi Hachiro 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Using reprecipitation technique from high temperature and high pressure liquid, C60 microcrystals with size of about 40 nm and narrow size distribution could be fabricated in the dispersion liquid. And it was found that the optical properties of C60 microcrystals were also dependent on crystal size in a similar manner as the other π-conjugated organic microcrystals.
Ortho-[2,3]-Wittig Rearrangement of Benzyl Propargyl Ethers: Striking Preference over the Competing [1,2]-Wittig Shift
Authors: Tomooka Katsuhiko , Harada Manabu , Hanji Takayuki , Nakai Takeshi 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Treatment of benzyl γ-(trimethylsilyl)propargyl ether with n-BuLi is shown to afford the rarely precedent ortho-[2,3]-Wittig product in remarkable preference to the [1,2]-Wittig product. The factors governing the periselectivity in this type of carbanion rearrangement are discussed.
trans-3,4-Dihydroxy-1-selenolane Oxide: A New Reagent for Rapid and Quantitative Formation of Disulfide Bonds in Polypeptides
Authors: Iwaoka Michio , Tomoda Shuji 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
The title compound was found to be a powerful quantitative reagent for the formation of the disulfide bonds in polypeptides in a wide range of pH in the oxidative regeneration experiments of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A (Rnase A).
Controlled Detachment of Immobilized Liposomes on Polymer Gel Support
Authors: Khaleque Md Abdul , Oho Takahiro , Okumura Yukihisa , Mitani Michiharu 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Immobilization of small liposomes on polymer gel beads and controlled detachment of the liposomes from the support was described. Liposomes were immobilized on the gel with hydrophobic anchors that contained disulfide linkage. The liposomes were then detached by reductive cleavage of the linkage with dithiothreitol. The major part of the fluorescein-conjugated dextran encapsulated in the liposomes was retained throughout the immobilization-detachment process.
Nickel-Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of Zirconacyclopentadienes with Two Alkynyl Halides: Formation of Multi-Substituted Arylalkynes
Authors: Wang Hui , Tsai Fu-Yu , Takahashi Tamotsu 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Zirconacyclopentadienes reacted with two equiv of alkynyl halides in the presence of a catalytic amount of NiCl2(PPh3)2 to afford multi-substituted arylalkynes.
Discrimination of Thiolate Group in l-Cysteinate and Glutathionate by Axial Coordination Site of Five-Coordinate Trigonal-Bipyramidal Palladium(II) Complex with Tris(2-(diphenylphosphino)ethyl)phosphine
Authors: Aizawa Sen-ichi , Okada Motofumi , Kobayashi Ken-ichi , Yamada Shinkichi , Nakamura Motoshi 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Five-coordinate trigonal-bipyramidal palladium(II) l-cysteinato and glutathionato complexes with tris(2-(diphenylphosphino)ethyl)phosphine have been prepared. The high selectivity for the thiolato sulfur atom in the axial position has been confirmed and was applied to separation of l-cysteine from the other amino acids and selective determination of the reduced form of glutathione.
Hydrogenation of Silyl-Substituted Alkynes Using Diimide: Application to the Synthesis of Saturated Sila-Macrocycles
Authors: Kwon Eunsang , Sakamoto Kenkichi , Kabuto Chizuko , Kira Mitsuo 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
The hydrogenation of bistrimethylsilylactylene, bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,3-diynes, and related silylalkynes giving the corresponding saturated compounds were achieved by using diimide prepared in situ from p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide in diglyme. The present method was applicable to the synthesis of saturated 12- and 18-membered oligosilacycloalkanes.
Oxo- and Alkoxo-Bridged Dimeric Molybdenum(III) Ethylenediamine Complexes
Authors: Kiyoda Shunji , Akashi Haruo , Ichimura Akio , Shibahara Takashi 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Oxo- and alkoxo-bridged dimeric molybdenum(III) ethylenediamine complexes, [Mo2(µ-O)(µ-R)(en)4]3+ (R = Ome (3); R = Oet (4)) were synthesized from the mononuclear complex [MoCl3(thf)3], and were characterized structurally, spectroscopically, and electrochemically, where the methoxy- and ethoxy-bridges were introduced by using methanol and ethanol as the solvent, respectively. The electronic spectra of 3 and 4 have characteristic peaks in visible and near infrared region, and the addition of acid causes a dramatic decrease of the peak heights.
A Robust Two-Dimensional Hydrogen-Bonded Network. Reversible Guest Adsorption/Desorption without a Phase Change
Authors: Tanaka Toshihiro , Endo Ken , Aoyama Yasuhiro 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
9-(3,5-Dihydroxyphenyl)acridine (3) forms a 1:1 benzene adduct 3·(benzene) having a novel O–H···O–H···N hydrogen-bonded 2D network. Partial (50%) guest desorption occurs in a reversible manner without undergoing a phase change.
Synthesis and Nonlinear Optical Properties of p-(Dimethylamino)benzylidene Dyes Containing Different Acceptors
Authors: Zheng Qingdong , Yao Zuguang , Cheng Jiqi , Shen Yaochun , Lu Zuhong 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Several p-(dimethylamino)benzylidene dyes were synthesized and their evaluation of β using Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering (HRS) technique was reported. The results show that these dyes have enhanced second-order hyperpolarizabilities.
Novel Synthesis of Polyaniline Using Iron(III) Catalyst and Ozone
Authors: Toshima Naoki , Yan Hu , Kajita Masashi , Honda Yasuyuki , Ohno Naonori 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Polymerization of aniline using iron(III) and ozone as a catalyst and an oxidant, respectively, provided polyaniline with an emeraldine form based on IR and UV–vis spectroscopic data, although influence of the reaction temperature upon the molecular weight of the polyaniline was different from the case of ammonium peroxodisulfate. Preliminary results of experiments have revealed that polyaniline is produced catalytically in terms of iron(III). Morphology of polyaniline produced significantly influenced electrical conductivity of the polyaniline pellet.
Room Temperature Molten Salts Based on Trialkylsulfonium Cations and Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide
Authors: Matsumoto Hajime , Matsuda Toshihiko , Miyazaki Yoshinori 
Published: June 2005

Abstract
Symmetric and aliphatic trialkylsulfonium cation form room temperature molten salts (RTMS) with bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (TFSI). In particular RTMS based on triethylsulfonium shows low melting point (−35 °C) and the lowest viscosity (30 mPs at 25 °C) of all the TFSI based RTMS as reported so far. The conductivity of 7.1 mS cm−1 at 25 °C is the highest of all the non-chloroaluminate RTMS based on aliphatic onium cations.
Medication Associated with Weight Gain May Influence Outcome in a Weight Management Program
Authors: Malone Margaret , Alger-Mayer Sharon A , Anderson Drew A 
Published: June 2005

BACKGROUND Weight gain is a commonly overlooked adverse effect of some medications that potentially confounds weight loss efforts in individuals who are overweight and obese. OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of use of drugs associated with weight gain by participants and the effect on outcome in a weight management program. METHODS Adult patients >18 years of age were recruited from an outpatient, university-based setting to participate in a 20-week structured weight management program. RESULTS Ninety patients (74 women) were recruited (mean [± SD] age 48 ± 10 y, mean body mass index 37 ± 6 kg/m 2 ). Patients had multiple diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 23), hypertension (n = 48), depression (n = 18), and dyslipidemia (n = 9). The median number of drugs per patient was 4.0 (range 0–15). The median number of drugs associated with weight gain was zero (range 0–3). Forty-three (48%) patients were taking at least one of these agents, including β-blockers (n = 18), selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (n = 18), sulfonylureas (n = 7), insulin (n = 9), and thiazolidinediones (n = 6). Seven patients completed ≤6 weeks of the program and were excluded from further analysis, and 83 patients completed 10 weeks. Of these 83 patients, 39 had lost ≤2% of their initial weight; 23 (59%) of those 39 were taking drugs associated with weight gain. Fifty-nine patients completed the full 20 weeks. The mean overall weight loss of completers was 4.8 ± 5.0% (range −5.9 [gain] to 17.1% [loss]) at 20 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Patients taking WGDs weighed more at baseline and were less likely to lose weight in this program. Attention should be given when prescribing such medications to obese patients, as this may negatively influence their weight management.
Acute Coffee Ingestion Does Not Affect LDL Cholesterol Level
Authors: Cheung Rebecca J , Gupta Eric K , Ito Matthew K 
Published: June 2005

BACKGROUND Although patients are instructed to abstain from food before having blood drawn for lipid analysis, many still drink coffee in the morning. It is unknown whether coffee consumed prior to drawing blood samples will impact fasting serum lipids. OBJECTIVE To determine whether a single 6-oz cup of coffee with or without the addition of nondairy creamer and sugar will significantly affect fasting plasma lipid profiles. METHODS This was a prospective, open-label, randomized crossover study. At the first of 2 visits, blood was drawn to measure initial fasting lipid panels, and participants were randomized to drink 6 oz of black coffee or coffee with nondairy creamer and sugar. Within 30–60 minutes of coffee consumption, blood was drawn for follow-up lipid panels. The procedure was repeated at the second visit, except the participants were crossed over to receive the alternate coffee preparation. RESULTS Forty participants (26 men; age [mean ± SD] 45 ± 15 y) were enrolled. Total cholesterol (TC) increased from 188.2 ± 38.1 to 191.3 ± 39.9 mg/dL (p = 0.019) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased from 43.2 ± 12.3 to 44.8 ± 12.9 mg/dL (p < 0.001) after consumption of black coffee. Triglycerides decreased from 145.6 ± 123.7 to 136.3 ± 107.1 mg/dL (p = 0.014) after consumption of coffee with nondairy creamer and sugar. Changes in other lipid parameters, such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in either group, were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS A single cup of coffee consumed within one hour before drawing blood resulted in statistically, but not clinically, significant differences in TC and HDL-C (black coffee) and triglycerides (coffee with creamer and sugar).
Nobody likes damaged goods: The experience of adult visible acne
Authors: Murray Craig D. , Rhodes Katharine 
Published: May 2005

Objectives. While mild to severe acne is a common problem in the teenage years, many adults also suffer from the condition. Although there is an appreciable body of dermatological literature on this issue, the psychosocial concomitants of severe, visible adult acne are little elaborated. The aim of this research is to detail the salient experiences of adults with severe visible acne, and to set out the implications of these experiences.Design. A phenomenological qualitative approach was adopted to elicit detailed accounts of the impact of visible acne upon the lives of a small sample of sufferers.Method. 11 adults suffering from severe visible acne took part in semi‐structured interviews via e‐mail, over an extended period of time. Transcripts of these interviews served as the data for an interpretative phenomenological analysis.Results. Five themes emerged, detailing different aspects of respondents' personal and social lives in the context of their acne. These were: powerlessness and the variable nature of acne; comparisons, self‐image and identity; the experience of general social interaction; relationships with family and friends; and gender, sexuality, and romantic relationships.Conclusions. These themes allowed a deeper understanding of issues reported in previous quantitative research in the area, as well as revealing findings that had not been previously reported in relation to the experience of adult acne and its impact upon personal and social relationships. With an acknowledgement of these experiences, personal and professional acquaintances have the potential to improve their interpersonal relationship with the person concerned, and encourage positive changes in their psychological health and social interaction.
Discontinuity patterns in stages of the precaution adoption process model: Meat consumption during a livestock epidemic
Authors: Sniehotta Falko F. , Luszczynska Aleksandra , Scholz Urte , Lippke Sonia 
Published: May 2005

Objectives. Patterns of changes in social‐cognitive variables were investigated in order to test selected stages of the precaution adoption process model (PAPM). It was hypothesized that non‐linear trends (discontinuity patterns) in perceived vulnerability, positive and negative outcome expectancies, procrastination, and self‐efficacy might be observed across the stages.Design. Cross‐sectional data from 808 respondents were employed.Method. Questionnaire data were collected in an on‐line study on meat consumption during a livestock epidemic in Germany. Polynomial trends and analyses of variance with post‐hoc ‐contrasts were used to examine the patterns of change.Results. Discontinuity patterns were found for perceived vulnerability, negative outcome expectancies, and procrastination. The data provided partial support for discontinuity patterns in self‐efficacy. Continuity patterns were found for positive outcome expectancies.Conclusions. Results provide support for a stage model rather than a pseudo‐stage model.
Stress, oral health behaviour and clinical outcome
Authors: Deinzer Renate , Granrath Nicole , Spahl Manuela , Linz Sandra , Waschul Bernd , Herforth Armin 
Published: May 2005

Objective. Several studies indicate that stress adversely affects various health behaviours. Oral hygiene behaviour, however, has been rarely studied in this context. The present study thus aims to assess the effects of stress on oral hygiene behaviour and clinical outcome.Design. In a prospective matched controlled design 12 pairs of medical students, each consisting of 1 student participating in a major academic exam and 1 student not participating in any exams (control) were studied.Methods. A professional tooth cleaning was performed 4 weeks prior to exams to obtain plaque levels of 0 at all sites. Immediately prior to professional tooth cleaning and 4 weeks after exams plaque levels (as indicator of oral hygiene behaviour) and bleeding on probing (an indicator of gingivitis) were assessed.Results. No group differences were observed at the beginning of the exam period; after exams significant higher rates of plaque (p =.0005, d =1.74) and gingivitis (p =.016, d =1.01) were observed in exam students as compared with controls.Conclusions. The study illustrates the clinical significance of stress effects on health behaviour. Stress should be included as a factor in models of patient compliance and health behaviour.