bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aspects of the alternative host response to methacrylic acid containing biomaterials
Authors: Ortaleza Krystal , Won So‐Yoon , Kinney Sean M. , Sefton Michael V. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMethacrylic acid (MAA)‐based biomaterials promote a vascularized host response without the addition of exogenous factors such as cells or growth factors. We presume that materials containing MAA favor an alternative foreign body response, rather than the conventional fibrotic response. Here, we characterize selected aspects of the response to two different forms of MAA—a coating, which can be used to prevascularize the subcutaneous tissue for subsequent therapeutic cell delivery or an injectable hydrogel, which can be used to vascularize and deliver cells simultaneously. We show that the MAA‐coating quickly vascularized the subcutaneous space compared to an uncoated silicone tube, and after 14 days of prevascularization, the tissue surrounding the MAA‐coated tube presented fewer immune cells than the uncoated control. We also compared the host response to a MAA‐PEG (polyethylene glycol) hydrogel at day 1, with pancreatic islets in immune‐compromised SCID/bg mice and immune‐competent Balb/c mice. The Balb/c mouse presented a more inflammatory response with increased IFN‐γ production as compared to the SCID/bg. Together with previously published data, this work contributes to a further understanding of tissue responses to a biomaterial in different forms as used for cell delivery.
A simple medical device development according to normative values of calf circumference across ages: results from the Italian Longevity Check‐up 7+ (Lookup 7+) project
Authors: Martone Anna Maria , Ciciarello Francesca , Galluzzo Vincenzo , Calvani Riccardo , Zazzara Maria Beatrice , Tosato Matteo , Coelho‐Junior Hélio José , Marzetti Emanuele , Landi Francesco 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundWide consensus exists on the notion that low muscle mass is a predictor of negative health‐related events, such as disability, morbidity, and mortality. Indeed, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 had identified muscle mass as the key component to confirm the diagnosis of sarcopenia. However, the lack of normative values for muscle mass across ages hampers the practical assessment of this important parameter. The aim of the present study was to produce cross‐sectional centile and normative values for calf circumference (a surrogate estimation of muscle mass) across a wide spectrum of ages using a large and unselected sample of community‐dwellers enrolled in the Longevity Check‐up 7+ (Lookup 7+) project.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional study using the data of Lookup 7+ project, an ongoing study started in June 2015 and conducted in unconventional settings (i.e., exhibitions, malls, and health promotion campaigns). Candidate participants were considered eligible for enrolment if they were at least 45 years of age and provided written informed consent. Calf circumference was measured using an inextensible but flexible plastic tape in a sitting position with the knee and ankle at a right angle and the feet resting on the floor. Normative values for calf circumference from ages 45 to 80 + years were generated.ResultsA total of 11 814 participants were enrolled from 1 June 2015 to 30 September 2022. The mean age of participants included in the analyses was 61.8 years (standard deviation; 10.2 years; range: 45–98 years), and 6686 (57%) were women. Normative values for calf circumference were obtained for men and women, stratified by age groups. Accordingly, a calf circumference tape, with colour bands that demarcate the centiles range into which the patient falls, was created and validated.ConclusionsOur study established age‐ and gender‐specific centile reference values for calf circumference. The calf circumference tape can be used to easily interpret the assessment in every‐day practice for the early detection of individuals with or at risk of sarcopenia and malnutrition.
Gut Microbiota Depletion Using Antibiotics to Investigate Diet‐Derived Microbial Metabolites: An Efficient Strategy
Authors: Satheesh Babu Adhini Kuppuswamy , Petersen Chrissa , Paz Henry A. , Iglesias‐Carres Lisard , Li Ying , Zhong Ying , Neilson Andrew P. , Wankhade Umesh D. , Anandh Babu Pon Velayutham 
Published: December 2023

ScopeGut microbiota depletion using antibiotics in drinking water is a valuable tool to investigate the role of gut microbes and microbial metabolites in health and disease. However, there are challenges associated with this model. Animals avoid drinking water because of the antibiotic bitterness, which affects their metabolic health. The present study develops an efficient strategy to deplete gut microbes without affecting metabolic parameters.Methods and resultsMale C57BL/6J mice (7 weeks old) are fed a control (C) or high‐fat (HF) diet. Subgroups of C and HF mice receive an antibiotic cocktail in drinking water (CA and HA). The antibiotic dosage is gradually increased so that the animals adapt to the taste of antibiotics. Metabolic parameters, gut microbiome, and microbial metabolites are assessed after 12 weeks treatment. Culture methods and 16s rRNA amplification confirm the depletion of gut microbes in antibiotic groups (CA and HA). Further, antibiotic treatment does not alter metabolic parameters (body weight, body fat, lean body mass, blood glucose, and glucose/insulin tolerance), whereas it suppresses the production of diet‐derived microbial metabolites (trimethylamine and trimethylamine‐N‐oxide).ConclusionThis strategy effectively depletes gut microbes and suppresses the production of microbial metabolites in mice without affecting their metabolic health.
Maximizing SDN resilience to node‐targeted attacks through joint optimization of the primary and backup controllers placements
Authors: Pióro Michał , Mycek Mariusz , Tomaszewski Artur , de Sousa Amaro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn software defined networks (SDN) packet data switches are configured by a limited number of SDN controllers, which respond to queries for packet forwarding decisions from the switches. To enable optimal control of switches in real time the placement of controllers at network nodes must guarantee that the controller‐to‐controller and switch‐to‐controller communications delays are bounded. Apart from the primary controllers that control the switches in the nominal state, separate backup controllers can be introduced that take over when the primary controllers are unavailable, and whose delay bounds are relaxed. In this paper, we present optimization models to jointly optimize the placement of primary and backup controllers in long‐distance SDN networks, aimed at maximizing the network's resilience to node‐targeted attacks. Applying the models to two well‐known network topologies and running a broad numerical study we show that, when compared with the standard approach of using only primary controllers, the use of backup controllers provides significant resilience gains, in particular in case of tight delay bounds.
Quantification of cytosine modifications in the aged mouse brain
Authors: Sugawara Hiroko , Date Akitoshi , Fuke Satoshi , Nakachi Yutaka , Kato Tadafumi , Narita Minoru , Bundo Miki , Iwamoto Kazuya 
Published: December 2023

AbstractQuantifying cytosine modifications in various brain regions provides important insights into the gene expression regulation and pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. In this study, we quantified 5‐methylcytosine (5‐mC), 5‐hydroxymethylation (5‐hmC), and 5‐formylcytosine (5‐fC) levels in five brain regions (the frontal lobe, cerebral cortical region without frontal lobe, hippocampus, basal ganglia, and the cerebellum) and the heart at three developmental periods (12, 48, and 101 weeks). We observed significant regional variations in cytosine modification. Notably, regional variations were generally maintained throughout development, suggesting that epigenetic regulation is unique to each brain region and remains relatively stable with age. The 5‐mC and 5‐hmC levels were positively correlated, although the extent of the correlations seemed to differ in different brain regions. On the contrary, 5‐fC levels did not correlate with 5‐mC or 5‐hmC levels. Additionally, we observed an age‐dependent decrease in 5‐fC levels in the basal ganglia, suggesting a unique epigenetic regulation mechanism. Further high‐resolution studies using animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders as well as postmortem brain evaluation are warranted.
Numerical investigation of multi‐particle interactions using the discrete element method
Authors: Rotter Sonja , Düster Alexander 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe numerical simulation of particles that can be used as crash absorbers, for example, in ship collisions, is of high interest, as experimental investigation is often associated with high costs. After extensive studies on the breakage of single‐particles, the focus is now on the investigation of multi‐particle simulation. Although many parameter studies have been carried out for single‐particle compression tests, their results cannot be transferred to multi‐particle compression tests. The influence of various simulation parameters differs greatly between single and multiple particles due to the interaction between individual granules. Therefore, it is necessary to repeat the parameter studies with respect to these interactions in order to gain a better insight into the bulk behaviour of granular materials, which can then be used for the simulation of particle‐enhanced collisions.
Job lock among survivors of childhood cancer and their spouses post Affordable Care Act implementation: A Childhood Cancer Survivor Study brief report
Authors: Waters Austin R. , Liu Qi , Ji Xu , Yasui Yutaka , Yabroff K. Robin , Conti Rena M. , Henderson Tara , Huang I‐Chan , Leisenring Wendy , Armstrong Gregory T. , Nathan Paul C. , Park Elyse , Kirchhoff Anne C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIt is unknown how common job lock (i.e., staying at job to maintain health insurance) remains among childhood cancer survivors after Affordable Care Act (ACA) implementation in 2010. We examined prevalence of and factors associated with job lock using a cross‐sectional survey from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (3503 survivors; 942 siblings). Survivor, spousal, and any survivor/spouse job lock were more frequently reported by survivors than siblings. Survivor job lock/any job lock was associated with older age, low income, severe chronic conditions, and debt/inability to pay debt. Job lock remains more common among survivors than siblings after ACA implementation.
Ultrafast Self‐Healing, Superstretchable, and Ultra‐Strong Polymer Cluster‐Based Adhesive Based on Aromatic Acid Cross‐Linkers for Excellent Hydrogel Strain Sensors
Authors: Chen Chun , Pang Xuelei , Li Yajuan , Yu Xudong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSynthetic hydrogel strain sensors rarely exhibit a comprehensive combination of mechanical properties such as ultra‐stretchability, ultrafast self‐healing, and high sensitivity. Herein, seven small molecule enhanced mechanical behaviors of polymer‐cluster based hydrogels are demonstrated. The oxidized polyethyleneimine/polymeric acrylic acid (ohPEI/PAA) hydrogels with aromatic formic acids as supramolecular cross‐linkers are prepared by simultaneous formation of ohPEI polymer clusters and PAA upon the addition of ammonium persulfate. The optimized hydrogel adhesive exhibits comprehensive excellent properties, such as high extensibility (up to 12 298%), real‐time mechanical self‐healing capability (<1 s, 93% efficiency), high uniformity, underwater adhesivity, and water‐sealing ability. The proper binding strength of hydrogel and skin (47 kPa) allows the hydrogel to be utilized as highly sensitive (gauge factor:16.08), highly conductive (2.58 mS cm−1), and underwater strain sensors. Specially, the adhesive strength of the adhesive to wood after dehydration is extremely high, reaching up to 29.59 MPa. Additionally, when glycerol is introduced, the obtained gel maintains the physical properties even at harsh‐temperature conditions (−40 to 80 °C). It presents that multiple and hierarchical non‐covalent interactions including multiple hydrogen bonding interactions, π–π stacking, electrostatic interactions, and dipole–dipole interactions of polymer clusters, allow for the energy dissipation and contribute to the excellent performance of the hydrogel.
Defective Nb2C MXene Cocatalyst on TiO2 Microsphere for Enhanced Photocatalytic CO2 Conversion to Methane
Authors: Yang Lei , Du Jiajun , Deng Jun , Sulaiman Nashwan H. M. , Feng Xuan , Liu Chong , Zhou Xuemei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSustainable and scalable solar‐energy‐driven CO2 conversion into fuels requires earth‐abundant and stable photocatalysts. In this work, a defective Nb2C MXene as a cocatalyst and TiO2 microspheres as photo‐absorbers, constructed via a coulombic force‐driven self‐assembly, is synthesized. Such photocatalyst, at an optimized loading of defective Nb2C MXene (5% def‐Nb2C/TiO2), exhibits a CH4 production rate of 7.23 µmol g−1 h−1, which is 3.8 times higher than that of TiO2. The Schottky junction at the interface improves charge transfer from TiO2 to defective Nb2C MXene and the electron‐rich feature (nearly free electron states) enables multielectron reaction of CO2, which apparently leads to high activity and selectivity to CH4 (sel. 99.5%) production. Moreover, DFT calculation demonstrates that the Fermi level (EF) of defective Nb2C MXene (−0.3 V vs NHE) is more positive than that of Nb2C MXene (−1.0 V vs NHE), implying a strong capacity to accept photogenerated electrons and enhance carrier lifetime. This work gives a direction to modify the earth‐abundant MXene family as cocatalysts to build high‐performance photocatalysts for energy production.
Generating Multi‐Carbon Products by Electrochemical CO2 Reduction via Catalytically Harmonious Ni/Cu Dual Active Sites
Authors: Lakshmanan Keseven , Huang Wei‐Hsiang , Chala Soressa Abera , Chang Chia‐Yu , Saravanan Sruthi Thiraviam , Taklu Bereket Woldegbreal , Moges Endalkachew Asefa , Nikodimos Yosef , Dandena Berhanu Degagsa , Yang Sheng‐Chiang , Lee Jyh‐Fu , Huang Pei‐Yu , Lee Yao‐Chang , Tsai Meng‐Che , Su Wei‐Nien , Hwang Bing Joe 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite the unique advantages of single‐atom catalysts, molecular dual‐active sites facilitate the C‐C coupling reaction for C2 products toward the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). The Ni/Cu proximal dual‐active site catalyst (Ni/Cu‐PASC) is developed, which is a harmonic catalyst with dual‐active sites, by simply mixing commercial Ni‐phthalocyanine (Ni‐Pc) and Cu‐phthalocyanine (Cu‐Pc) molecules physically. According to scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) data, Ni and Cu atoms are separated, creating dual‐active sites for the CO2RR. The Ni/Cu‐PASC generates ethanol with an FE of 55%. Conversely, Ni‐Pc and Cu‐Pc have only detected single‐carbon products like CO and HCOO−. In situ X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) indicates that CO generation is caused by the stable Ni active site's balanced electronic state. The CO production from Ni‐Pc consistently increased the CO concentration over Cu sites attributed to subsequent reduction reaction through a C‐C coupling on nearby Cu. The CO bound (HCOO−) peak, which can be found on Cu‐Pc, vanishes on Ni/Cu‐PASC, as shown by in situ fourier transformation infrared (FTIR). The characteristic intermediate of *CHO instead of HCOO− proves to be the prerequisite for multi‐carbon products by electrochemical CO2RR. The work demonstrates that the harmonic dual‐active sites in Ni/Cu‐PASC can be readily available by the cascading proximal active Ni‐ and Cu‐Pc sites.
Construction of Core‐Shelled Covalent/Metal–Organic Frameworks for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Guo Zhuangyan , Yang Shuai , Liu Minghao , Xu Qing , Zeng Gaofeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the half‐reaction in zinc–air batteries and water splitting. Developing highly efficient catalysts toward OER is a challenge due to the difficulty of removing four electrons from two water molecules. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) provide the new chance to construct the highly active catalysts for OER, because they have controlled skeletons, porosities, and well‐defined catalytic sites. In this work, core‐shell hybrids of COF and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have first demonstrated to catalyze the OER. The synergetic effects between the COF‐shell and MOF‐core render the catalyst with higher activity than those from the COF and MOF. And the catalyst achieved an overpotential of 328 mV, with a Tafel slope of 43.23 mV dec−1 in 1 m KOH. The theoretical calculation revealed that the high activity is from the Fe sites in the catalyst, which has suitable binding ability of reactant intermediate (OOH*), and thus contributed high activity. This work gives a new insight to designing COFs in electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems.
Oriented Self‐assembly of Flexible MOFs Nanocrystals into Anisotropic Superstructures with Homogeneous Hydrogels Behaviors
Authors: Mao Xiaoyan , Ding Xinqi , Wang Qi , Sun Xiping , Qin Lei , Huang Fei , Wen Luhong , Xiang Xingwei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBuilding of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) homogeneous hydrogels made by spontaneous crystallization remains a significant challenge. Inspired by anisotropically structured materials in nature, an oriented super‐assembly strategy to construct micro‐scale MOFs superstructure is reported, in which the strong intermolecular interactions between zirconium‐oxygen (Zr─O) cluster and glutamic acid are utilized to drive the self‐assembly of flexible nanoribbons into pumpkin‐like microspheres. The confined effect between water‐flexible building blocks and crosslinked hydrogen networks of superstructures achieved a mismatch transformation of MOFs powders into homogeneous hydrogels. Importantly, the elastic and rigid properties of hydrogels can be simply controlled by precise modulation of coordination and self‐assembly for anisotropic superstructure. Experimental results and theoretical calculations demonstrates that MOFs anisotropic superstructure exhibits dynamic double networks with a superior water harvesting capacity (119.73 g g−1) accompanied with heavy metal removal (1331.67 mg g−1) and strong mechanical strength (Young's modulus of 0.3 GPa). The study highlights the unique possibility of tailoring MOFs superstructure with homogeneous hydrogel behavior for application in diverse fields.
Investigation of biomagnetic nanofluid flow configured by a stretchable surface in the presence of magnetic dipole
Authors: Allahyani Seham Ayesh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe field of fluid dynamics has expanded to study of biological fluids in a magnetic field, a new area known as biomagnetic fluid dynamics. The most notable biomagnetic fluid is blood. The growing interest in problems related to biomagnetic fluid dynamics among researchers is due to its vast applications in biotechnology and biomedical sciences. These applications include magnetic devices for cell separation, blood reduction during surgeries, targeted drug delivery using magnetic nanoparticles to trigger drug release, magnetically induced hyperthermia therapy for most malignant tumors, and magnetic resonance imaging of specific regions of the human body. This study examines the effect of nonlinear radiation on a biomagnetic fluid, specifically blood, flowing through a two‐dimensional, incompressible boundary layer via a stretchable sheet. The flow under consideration is electrically conductive, adhering to the laws of magnetohydrodynamics and ferrohydrodynamics. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations using a similarity transformation and solved using the built‐in bvp4c function of MATLAB software. The effects of various physical parameters on velocity and thermal fields are investigated. The influences of the Nusselt number and skin friction are also evaluated against the main parameters. Furthermore, the average Nusselt number is 27.73% at M = 1.1, and when M = 2.5, the value of the average number decreases by 17.73%.
Hemithyroidectomy, does the indication influence the outcome?
Authors: Beka Ervin , Hanna Hanan , Olofsson Pia , Gimm Oliver 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Hemithyroidectomies are mainly performed for two indications, either therapeutically to relieve compression symptoms or diagnostically for suspicious nodule(s). In case of the latter, one could consider the approach to be rather extensive since the majority of patients have no symptoms and will have benign disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the complication rates of diagnostic hemithyroidectomy and to compare it with the complication rates of compressive symptoms hemithyroidectomy.

Methods
Data from patients who had undergone hemithyroidectomy either for compression symptoms or for excluding malignancy were extracted from a well-established Scandinavian quality register (SQRTPA). The following complications were analyzed: bleedings, wound infections, and paresis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). Risk factors for these complications were examined by univariable and multivariable logistic regression.

Results
A total of 9677 patients were included, 3871 (40%) underwent surgery to exclude malignancy and 5806 (60%) due to compression symptoms. In the multivariable analysis, the totally excised thyroid weight was an independent risk factor for bleeding. Permanent (6–12 months after the operation) RLN paresis were less common in the excluding malignancy group (p = 0.03).

Conclusion
A range of factors interfere and contribute to bleeding, wound infections, and RLN paresis after hemithyroidectomy. In this observational study based on a Scandinavian quality register, the indication “excluding malignancy” for hemithyroidectomy is associated with less permanent RLN paresis than the indication “compression symptoms.” Thus, patients undergoing diagnostic hemithyroidectomy can be reassured that this procedure is a safe surgical procedure and does not entail an unjustified risk.