bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of EVXT at Equinor’s Fram SØR Project
Authors: Wernø T. G , Pettersen B. , Sandstad H. , Arnøy S. A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Fram Sør subsea development project will be the first Equinor project to utilize electrically controlled subsea X-mas trees (eVXT), marking a milestone in the subsea industry. The development will consist of up to 4 templates and 12 eVXT’s, marking a significant milestone in the subsea industry. The use of electrically controlled subsea X-mas trees is claimed to improve efficiency and safety in subsea operations. This paper will highlight the all-electric technology and its potential to shape the future of subsea developments.
Further, this paper will present Equinor's overall approach for the development and implementation of the eVXT technology through participation in a JIP with a structured approach to design, testing, and qualification of the eVXT system. The decision to implement eVXT as part of the Fram Sør development is an important part of Equinor’s phased approach to new technology as it includes installation, commissioning, and operation of the eVXT system. The importance of collaboration with suppliers and industry partners to ensure that the eVXT system is optimized and meets the industry standards will be highlighted.
This paper focuses on Equinor's decision to start implementation of the eVXT technology, which is a vital part of the All-Electric Subsea (AES) system goal for subsea development. Here are some key points from the paper: AES systems provide improved reliability, reduced maintenance costs, and increased operational flexibility.The eVXT technology is presented as part of Equinor's overall approach to subsea development, involving a systematic process of design, testing, and implementation, as well as collaboration with suppliers and industry partners.Observations from the development and qualification of eVXT technology shows improved valve control, functional visibility, and enhanced condition monitoring,The contribution to the ongoing digitalization initiatives as well as paving the way for remote control of unmanned intervention operations.Continued development and collaboration is expected to further optimize AES systems and ensure their long-term success.Present the development and implementation of eVXT technology as part of an overall environmental initiative within operators to reduce the environmental footprint in offshore operations.
In summary, the paper aims to highlight the innovative nature of the technology that will be implemented on the Fram Sør project and its potential to shape the future of subsea development. Details on Equinor's overall approach to the development and implementation of eVXT technology is presented, including participation in a JIP with a structured approach to design, testing, and qualification. Benefits of AES systems, and the importance of collaboration with suppliers and industry partners will be discussed. Observations from the testing of the eVXT technology is presented, including improved valve control and enhanced condition monitoring.
Revolutionizing Drilling Efficiency: A Case Study of Integrated Closed-Loop Automation Across Multiple Basins
Authors: Singh K. , Welch T. , Ait Larbi K. , Ibrahima F. , Braga D. , Yalamarty S. S. , Cheatham C. , Fox W. , Pereda E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper provides an update on the implementation and results of a closed-loop drilling automation system (SPE-217693-MS) after drilling 100 wells in the Bakken, Delaware, and Eagle Ford basins. This technology, developed through an integrated collaboration between a rig contractor and a Software as a Service (SaaS) provider, primarily aims to minimize the cost per foot drilled by utilizing Machine Learning (ML) models to optimize autodriller setpoints remotely.
The ML based ROP optimizer processes real-time WITSML data and static inputs, such as Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA), mud data, and survey information, to generate setpoints for Differential Pressure (DPRESS), Weight on Bit (WOB), Rate of Penetration (ROP), and Rotations Per Minute (RPM). These setpoints are then transmitted to the rig contractor’s cloud and subsequently forwarded to the hardware autodriller on the rig, enabling automated rotary drilling with minimal human intervention. The technology has been utilized on over 100 wells in multiple basins in different formations in collaboration with several major Oil and Gas operators.
Achieving optimal Rate of Penetration (ROP) improvements in the 1-22% range in the lateral and 0-58% improvement in the intermediate compared to non-ML drilled offsets was observed when the utilization of the ML ROP Optimizer in closed-loop mode reached or exceeded 70%. Higher ROP was consistently correlated with fewer manual limit changes by both onsite and remote operators. Additionally, successful implementation of this technology was strongly associated with comprehensive rig onboarding, clear communication between the rig crew, onsite and remote support teams from both rig contractor and SaaS companies. Continuous fine-tuning of the ML algorithms was necessary, particularly with specific logic adjustments to ramp setpoints such as Weight on Bit (WOB), Rotations Per Minute (RPM), and ROP. These adjustments were critical in accommodating the diverse control system configurations of different rigs, ultimately leading to more stable and efficient drilling operations.
This abstract presents a case study of successfully scaling integrated closed-loop technology across 100+ wells, involving a collaboration between a rig contractor and a SaaS provider. The paper highlights key observations and success factors for the widespread adoption of automated drilling technology across various basins and major operators
New Filling Sub/Coring System Solution and Core Cryopreservation Technique Applied to _reserve Microbial Populations for Hydrogen Gas Storage Field Conversion Feasibility
Authors: Delmar Ludovic , Febo Giuseppe Di , Pozzovivo Vincenzo , Mantegazzi Andrea , Zanchi Augusto , Stogit Marco Severgnini , Menin Barbara , Bassani Ilaria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The application and integration of new technology and recent developments using a coring system are discussed, presenting the successful methodology used during various well phases with the aim to preserve the microbial population for hydrogen gas storage field conversion feasibility. This includes the coring phase, onsite measurement, preservation, and full evaluation of core samples. A field case is presented discussing methods for obtaining accurate microbiological, geomechanical, petrophysical, mineralogical, and granulometric characterization of cap rock and the reservoir.
A project team was created to optimize coring system and freezing preservation coring methods, and to help minimize uncertainties with respect to these new operations. The coring system was initially designed to be used in an 8.5-in. section. The project team developed a new system specific to the 6-in. hole phase. This new size was used for the first time globally during this project.
The effectiveness of this technique for preserving core samples from drilling mud infiltration was confirmed by the results of microbiological analyses alongside the success of the core freezing preservation (cryopreservation) procedures applied to preserve the microbial populations from external agents and oxygen exposure.
Molecular analyses performed on the core samples preserved using the coring system technology allowed characterization of the native microbial population of the reservoirs, with a clear distinction from the microbial profile characterizing the controls collected during coring operations (i.e., coring system fluid and drilling mud from various steps during the coring operation), confirming the effectiveness of the coring system technology at preventing mud infiltration. Realistic petrophysical parameters and a microbial profile characterization of the reservoir were obtained from noninvaded, native-state core samples.
The experience and results obtained during coring operations on four wells (nine core runs) in Italy are examined. This experience concerns coring processes and the quality of geological and microbiological evaluation obtained.
Unlocking Grid Power for Drilling: Novel Power Management System Enables Rigs to Utilize Grid Power in Locations Previously Not Possible
Authors: van Wissenkerke M. Snijder , Barbee R. , Poludasu S. , Norris N. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Electrification of oil & gas facilities is a critical component in the industry's shift towards decarbonization. Power from the utility grid is less carbon-intensive than traditional on-site generation and offers additional benefits including cost savings and noise reduction. Many permanent facilities such as compression stations and producing wells now operate on grid power, often with a renewable energy component. Despite clear benefits, few drilling rigs have strayed from traditional diesel power to make the switch to the grid as the source of energy for drilling. As fields get more developed, it becomes increasingly difficult to access adequate power capacity for temporary facilities with variable demand such as drilling rigs. This paper introduces a new technology that greatly expands the feasibility of grid power for drilling by allowing rigs to utilize any amount of grid power available in conjunction with generators and battery energy storage.
This technology operates effectively due to custom hardware specifically engineered to integrate utility power, battery energy storage, and generators. The custom hardware comprises of switchgear and controls to parallel the utility feed with generators and battery energy storage. The automated system dynamically limits the power draw from the utility to stay within user-defined requirements and performs peak shaving by drawing power from battery energy storage and additional generators if necessary. When the power demand decreases below the grid capacity, the system continues to draw the maximum available power from the grid to recharge the battery energy storage. This system makes it viable to utilize grid power in locations that were previously infeasible.
Since the first implementation in 2023, this new technology has demonstrated the ability to seamlessly operate within utility grid limits without impacting drilling operations. Previously, only rigs with 4 to 5 Megawatts (MW) available would consider utilizing grid power. This technology has proven that most of the benefits can still be realized with only a fraction of available utility power. On locations with 2 MW available, the system reduced fuel consumption and carbon emissions by over 90% compared to traditional diesel rigs. Even on locations with only 1 MW available, the system reduced carbon emissions by over 50%.
This technology lays the foundation for the future development of distributed energy resources that can power all upstream and midstream facilities using a mix of on-site generation and permanent facilities such as wind and solar farms connected by a microgrid. By adopting a system where facilities can effectively control their grid power consumption, available power can be shared efficiently between consumers to create a network of smart, highly efficient assets.
A Multi-Faceted Approach for Mitigating High Frequency Torsional Oscillation for Motorized Rotary Steerable System Bottom Hole Assemblies
Authors: Nair V. N. , Zhang L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The paper describes a systematic approach for mitigating High Frequency Torsional Oscillation vibration (HFTO) for a motorized rotary steerable system (RSS) through bottom hole assembly design (BHA), drill bit design and real time mitigation technology and processes. There have been various HFTO mitigation tools in the market utilized to mitigate HFTO however these tools may not fully complement the efforts if the system design is not optimal for the application.
The various production section motorized RSS BHA design configurations in the Permian Basin and design considerations to reduce HFTO vibration will be discussed in the paper. A methodology for comparing BHA stiffness models with HFTO vibration will be illustrated. HFTO vibration measurement methodology and effectiveness in real time is critical to apply mitigation strategies to reduce the HFTO vibration severity to prevent down hole tool failures. Bit design features should balance rate of penetration (ROP) performance while ensuring drill bit stability and efficiency for the planned application. Real time mitigation strategies are a critical step to a lower HFTO vibration severity signature.
The RSS tool measures HFTO at 1 kHz sampling rate and processes and records the mode frequencies and their magnitudes continuously and reports to surface in real time whenever high HFTO magnitude is encountered, making it possible to mitigate HFTO in real time. Field data has shown proper optimal stiffness configurations of the BHA components can effectively reduce the likelihood of certain damaging modes of HFTO from happening. Different drill bit designs and cutter technology were also tested and their effects on HFTO mitigation is analyzed. Real time operational mitigation of HFTO has been proven effective in most cases whereas in other cases the HFTO damage occurs too quick to mitigate. A few case studies are presented to show the effects on HFTO mitigation by combining BHA design, drill bit design, drilling parameter adjustment as well as downhole tool design. The paper also illustrates cases while utilizing different types of vibration mitigation tools in the BHA's however its effectiveness to mitigate high severity HFTO may be inconclusive on many situations because of other predominant suboptimal factors in BHA design, drill bit design and drilling practices.
The paper describes the planning and execution approach for applications with motorized RSS systems to minimize HFTO vibration related downhole tool failures and improve drilling performance. The different combination of technologies utilized to mitigate HFTO should continue to be analyzed. However, the variability in results may be because of several factors that need to be scrutinized further to derive consistent results. A multi-faceted planning and execution approach is essential to mitigate HFTO for drilling performance.
Autonomous Drilling Platform - An Enabler for Automated Steering Control and Remote Operations in the Permian
Authors: Gonçalves D. , Ferreira F. , Nair V. N. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Autonomous Drilling Platform (ADP) revolutionizes directional drilling by allowing drillers to concentrate on performance-driven tasks rather than routine calculations and activities. The ADP enhances the communication workflow between geosteering and downhole rotary steerable steering settings by employing a systematic approach that integrates new targets, calculates feasible trajectories, and assesses their viability within the constraints of the well design. This seamless integration and automation significantly improve the drilling and steering efficiency of the directional drilling operations.
The innovative platform enables real-time wellplan updates, effectively bridging the communication gap between surface parameters, drilling engineering, with its tool limitations and downhole tools automation. The platform facilitates a dynamic and prompt response to changing subsurface conditions, thereby optimizing drilling efficiency and accuracy. The integration of automated calculations and synchronization between surface and downhole automation systems allows field engineers to focus on performance-oriented activities. ADP automatically downlinks the updated directional drilling settings to the downhole tools to execute the revised trajectory. It also provides operators with remote access via a web interface, enabling the monitoring of details pertaining to directional drilling operations from any location worldwide.
The ADP was implemented in phases for varying well complexity in the Permian operations in Midland and Delaware Basins. Consistent drilling performance has been a challenge due to inconsistencies in drilling practices, steering control and sub optimal drilling parameters for the target formations drilled. ADP enabled the execution team to focus on drilling performance with an interface that encompasses drilling parameters along with steering control recommendations. The integration of a data workflow enabled remote operations reducing personnel on site while experienced team members execute jobs remotely. With ADP implemented above 80% of the drilling interval showcased better drilling performance and service quality compared to similar complexity wells that had no ADP or lower utilization of ADP during job execution. This innovative platform not only optimizes the drilling process but also enhances safety and reduce costs, marking a new era in the field of directional drilling business
This paper describes the Autonomous Drilling Platform which represents a significant advancement in directional drilling technology. That is done by improving communication workflows, integrating automated calculations, and enabling remote operations. The ADP allows field engineers to concentrate on enhancing drilling performance and efficiency. As the industry continues to evolve, the ADP will play a crucial role in driving advancements and setting new standards for operational excellence.
Research trends and hotspot topics of Coopetition Strategy: A Scientometric Analysis
Authors: Haddar Mohamed Amine , Argoubi Majdi , Lakhal Lassaad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Research on Coopetition Strategy has gained increasing attention as a strategy in the last two decades but it’s still in need of further studies. This paper provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the development of coopetition over time and the current state of literature in this research area. Using multiple bibliometric instruments such as performance analysis, co-occurrence analysis, co-citation analysis and timeline view analysis, we examine 919 articles from Web of Science between 1996 and 2022. We establish a classification of the most influential publications, authors, institutions and countries. Also, we provide an analysis of the most important clusters and identify key themes of coopetition research. The results show 5 important clusters in this subject. Then, we propose potential future directions and research streams to study coopetition in the upcoming works.
Reporting Quality of AI Intervention in Randomized Controlled Trials in Primary Care: Systematic Review and Meta-Epidemiological Study
Authors: Zhong Jinjia , Zhu Ting , Huang Yafang 
Published: February 2025

Background
The surge in artificial intelligence (AI) interventions in primary care trials lacks a study on reporting quality.

Objective
This study aimed to systematically evaluate the reporting quality of both published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and protocols for RCTs that investigated AI interventions in primary care.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases were searched for RCTs and protocols on AI interventions in primary care until November 2024. Eligible studies were published RCTs or full protocols for RCTs exploring AI interventions in primary care. The reporting quality was assessed using CONSORT-AI (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials–Artificial Intelligence) and SPIRIT-AI (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials–Artificial Intelligence) checklists, focusing on AI intervention–related items.

Results
A total of 11,711 records were identified. In total, 19 published RCTs and 21 RCT protocols for 35 trials were included. The overall proportion of adequately reported items was 65% (172/266; 95% CI 59%-70%) and 68% (214/315; 95% CI 62%-73%) for RCTs and protocols, respectively. The percentage of RCTs and protocols that reported a specific item ranged from 11% (2/19) to 100% (19/19) and from 10% (2/21) to 100% (21/21), respectively. The reporting of both RCTs and protocols exhibited similar characteristics and trends. They both lack transparency and completeness, which can be summarized in three aspects: without providing adequate information regarding the input data, without mentioning the methods for identifying and analyzing performance errors, and without stating whether and how the AI intervention and its code can be accessed.

Conclusions
The reporting quality could be improved in both RCTs and protocols. This study helps promote the transparent and complete reporting of trials with AI interventions in primary care.
Feasibility of a Comprehensive eCoach to Support Patients Undergoing Colorectal Surgery: Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Talen A Daniëlle , Leenen Jobbe P L , van der Sluis Geert , Oldenhuis Hilbrand K E , Klaase Joost M , Patijn Gijsbert A 
Published: February 2025

Background
The mainstay of colorectal cancer care is surgical resection, which carries a significant risk of complications. Efforts to improve outcomes have recently focused on intensive multimodal prehabilitation programs to better prepare patients for surgery, which make the perioperative process even more complex and demanding for patients. Digital applications (eCoaches) seem promising tools to guide patients during their care journey. We developed a comprehensive eCoach to support, guide, and monitor patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery through the perioperative phase of the care pathway.

Objective
The primary aim of this study was to determine its feasibility, in terms of recruitment rate, retention rate, and compliance. Also, usability and patient experience were examined.

Methods
A single-center cohort study was conducted from April to September 2023 in a tertiary teaching hospital in the Netherlands. All elective colorectal surgery patients were offered an eCoach that provided preoperative coaching of the prehabilitation protocol, guidance by giving timely information, and remote monitoring of postoperative recovery and complications. Recruitment and retention rate, as well as compliance for each part of the care pathway, were determined. Secondary, patient-reported usability measured by the Usefulness, Satisfaction, and Ease of Use questionnaire and patient experiences were reported.

Results
The recruitment rate for the eCoach was 74% (49/66). Main reasons for exclusion were digital illiteracy (n=10), not owning a smartphone (n=3), and the expected burden of use being too high (n=2). The retention rate was 80% (37/46). Median preoperative compliance with required actions in the app was 92% (IQR 87-95), and postoperative compliance was 100% (IQR 100-100). Patient-reported usability was good and patient experiences were mostly positive, although several suggestions for improvement were reported.

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate the feasibility of a comprehensive eCoach for guiding and monitoring patients undergoing colorectal surgery encompassing the entire perioperative pathway, including prehabilitation and postdischarge monitoring. Compliance was excellent for all phases of the care pathway and recruitment and retention rates were comparable with rates reported in the literature. The study findings provide valuable insights for the further development of the eCoach and highlight the potential of digital health applications in perioperative support.