bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Velocity of Detonation and Charge per Bank Cubic Meters on Flyrock Throw Prediction Using Support Vector Machine
Authors: Tsidi Bright Akuinor , Amegbey Newton , Mireku-Gyimah Daniel , Khandelwal Manoj 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOne of the ambient effects of production blasting is flyrock. To effectively manage flyrock throw distance in mining, there is the necessity to successfully envisage blasting output without sacrificing the hazardous impact of flyrock which may result in fatality and operational shutdown. For flyrock throw distance prediction, velocity of detonation (VOD) and charge per bank cubic meter (CPBCM) are not usually included. This paper focuses on the use of support vector machine (SVM) regression to ascertain the impact of VOD and CPBCM on flyrock throw predictions. The machine learning models were linear support vector machine (LSVM), quadratic Gaussian support vector machine (QGSVM), fine Gaussian support vector machine (FGSVM), medium Gaussian support vector machine (MGSVM), and cubic Gaussian support vector machine (CGSVM). The outcome indicates that FGSVM was the most sensitive with a 4% improvement when VOD and CPBCM were included. As a result, the LSVM model provides a suitable AI competitive alternative tool for flyrock throw prediction in mining operations by incorporating VOD and CPBCM.
Combinatorial formulas for shifted dual stable Grothendieck polynomials
Authors: Lewis Joel , Marberg Eric 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The K-theoretic Schur P- and Q-functions

$G\hspace {-0.2mm}P_\lambda $

and

$G\hspace {-0.2mm}Q_\lambda $

may be concretely defined as weight-generating functions for semistandard shifted set-valued tableaux. These symmetric functions are the shifted analogues of stable Grothendieck polynomials and were introduced by Ikeda and Naruse for applications in geometry. Nakagawa and Naruse specified families of dual K-theoretic Schur P- and Q-functions

$g\hspace {-0.1mm}p_\lambda $

and

$g\hspace {-0.1mm}q_\lambda $

via a Cauchy identity involving

$G\hspace {-0.2mm}P_\lambda $

and

$G\hspace {-0.2mm}Q_\lambda $

. They conjectured that the dual power series are weight-generating functions for certain shifted plane partitions. We prove this conjecture. We also derive a related generating function formula for the images of

$g\hspace {-0.1mm}p_\lambda $

and

$g\hspace {-0.1mm}q_\lambda $

under the

$\omega $

involution of the ring of symmetric functions. This confirms a conjecture of Chiu and the second author. Using these results, we verify a conjecture of Ikeda and Naruse that the

$G\hspace {-0.2mm}Q$

-functions are a basis for a ring.
The devil’s in the defaults: An interrupted time-series analysis of the impact of default duration elimination on exposure to fluoroquinolone therapy
Authors: Wrenn Rebekah H. , Slaton Cara N. , Diez Tony , Turner Nicholas A. , Yarrington Michael E. , Anderson Deverick J. , Moehring Rebekah W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjective:To determine whether removal of default duration, embedded in electronic prescription (e-script), influenced antibiotic days of therapy.Design:Interrupted time-series analysis.Setting:The study was conducted across 2 community hospitals, 1 academic hospital, 3 emergency departments, and 86 ambulatory clinics.Patients:Adults prescribed a fluoroquinolone with a duration <31 days.Interventions:Removal of standard 10-day fluoroquinolone default duration and addition of literature-based duration guidance in the order entry on December 19, 2017. The study period included data for 12 months before and after the intervention.Results:The study included 35,609 fluoroquinolone e-scripts from the preintervention period and 31,303 fluoroquinolone e-scripts from the postintervention period, accounting for 520,388 cumulative fluoroquinolone DOT. Mean durations before and after the intervention were 7.8 (SD, 4.3) and 7.7 (SD, 4.5), a nonsignificant change. E-scripts with a 10-day duration decreased prior to and after the default removal. The inpatient setting showed a significant 8% drop in 10-day e-scripts after default removal and a reduced median duration by 1 day; 10-day scripts declined nonsignificantly in ED and ambulatory settings. In the ambulatory settings, both 7- and 14-day e-script durations increased after default removal.Conclusion:Removal of default 10-day antibiotic durations did not affect overall mean duration but did shift patterns in prescribing, depending on practice setting. Stewardship interventions must be studied in the context of practice setting. Ambulatory stewardship efforts separate from inpatient programs are needed because interventions cannot be assumed to have similar effects.
The Carried-Off and the Constitution: How British Harboring of Fugitives from American Slavery Led to the Constitution of 1787
Authors: Messer-Kruse Timothy 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAccounts of the factors that led to the drafting of the U.S. Constitutional Convention have focused on Congress' failures to levy taxes, regulate commerce, and provide security against internal unrest and foreign encroachments. Left out from history are the attempts of the founders to force Britain to return thousands of escapees from slavery they sheltered. Patriot state leaders tried to coerce the return of all fugitives from slavery evacuated with the British army by blocking payment of debts to England in violation of the Treaty of Paris. Such actions ultimately caused the breakdown of the agreement and exposed the structural inability of the Congress to enforce the terms of a duly ratified treaty over intransigent states. Ultimately, the issue of the “carried off” and with it the nation's ability to conduct foreign policy, was the paramount issue that could only be resolved by a fundamental restructuring of the federal structure of government.
The Method of Images Revisited: Approximate Solutions in Wedge‐Shaped Aquifers of Arbitrary Angle
Authors: Nikoletos I. A. , Katsifarakis K. L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper focuses on deriving new approximate analytical solutions in wedge‐shaped aquifers. The proposed methodology is applicable to any type of aquifer namely, leaky, confined and unconfined, under both steady state and transient flow conditions. By applying the method of images and separating the flow field into sections using physical arguments, approximate analytical expressions are obtained for the drawdown function, which in contrast to the conventional theory, are applicable to any arbitrary wedge angle. Moreover, the solutions fully observe the boundary conditions, while they preserve the continuity of the drawdown, which can be calculated directly at any point of the flow field. Nevertheless, comparison of the results of the new approximate analytical solutions to numerical ones, has been considered necessary to check their validity. MODFLOW, a well‐known numerical tool is used to calculate the numerical results. The discrepancies between the numerical results and those of the approximate analytical solution are negligible. The main advantages of the proposed methodology are the following: (a) The model needs only finite number of terms compared to conventional analytical and numerical solutions that involve infinite series, (b) The computational load is low, so it can be easily used in conjunction with meta‐heuristic algorithms to solve groundwater resources optimization problems, (c) Stream depletion rate can be calculated rather accurately and (d) The method is applicable to related flow problems.
PM2.5 Is Insufficient to Explain Personal PAH Exposure
Authors: Bramer Lisa M. , Dixon Holly M. , Rohlman Diana , Scott Richard P. , Miller Rachel L. , Kincl Laurel , Herbstman Julie B. , Waters Katrina M. , Anderson Kim A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo understand how chemical exposure can impact health, researchers need tools that capture the complexities of personal chemical exposure. In practice, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air quality index (AQI) data from outdoor stationary monitors and Hazard Mapping System (HMS) smoke density data from satellites are often used as proxies for personal chemical exposure, but do not capture total chemical exposure. Silicone wristbands can quantify more individualized exposure data than stationary air monitors or smoke satellites. However, it is not understood how these proxy measurements compare to chemical data measured from wristbands. In this study, participants wore daily wristbands, carried a phone that recorded locations, and answered daily questionnaires for a 7‐day period in multiple seasons. We gathered publicly available daily PM2.5 AQI data and HMS data. We analyzed wristbands for 94 organic chemicals, including 53 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Wristband chemical detections and concentrations, behavioral variables (e.g., time spent indoors), and environmental conditions (e.g., PM2.5 AQI) significantly differed between seasons. Machine learning models were fit to predict personal chemical exposure using PM2.5 AQI only, HMS only, and a multivariate feature set including PM2.5 AQI, HMS, and other environmental and behavioral information. On average, the multivariate models increased predictive accuracy by approximately 70% compared to either the AQI model or the HMS model for all chemicals modeled. This study provides evidence that PM2.5 AQI data alone or HMS data alone is insufficient to explain personal chemical exposures. Our results identify additional key predictors of personal chemical exposure.
Influence of Eastern Pacific Hurricanes on the Southwest US Wildfire Environment
Authors: Balaguru Karthik , Wang Sally S.‐C. , Leung L. Ruby , Hagos Samson , Harrop Bryce , Chang Chuan‐Chieh , Lubis Sandro W. , Garuba Oluwayemi A. , Taraphdar Sourav 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhile some previous studies examined the contribution of Eastern Pacific (EP) hurricanes toward precipitation in the arid Southwest US (SWUS), their potential to influence wildfires in that region has not been explored. Here we show, using observations and simulations from the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM), that recurving EP hurricanes modulate the wildfire environment in the SWUS by increasing precipitation and soil moisture, and reducing the vapor pressure deficit. This is especially the case during late season months of September–October when the likelihood of storms to recurve and make landfall increases. Further, analysis of burnt area observations reveals that for the months of September–October, recurving EP hurricanes may significantly reduce the prevalence of wildfires in the SWUS. Finally, E3SM simulations indicate that late season EP hurricanes have been on the decline, with important implications for wildfires in the SWUS.
Processing of VLF Amplitude Measurements: Deduction of a Quiet Time Seasonal Variation
Authors: Schneider H. , Wendt V. , Banys D. , Clilverd M. , Raita T. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe amplitude of Very Low Frequency (VLF) transmissions propagating from transmitter to receiver between the Earth's surface and the ionospheric D‐region is a useful measurement to detect changes in the ionization within the D‐region ranging from 60 to 90 km. The VLF signal amplitude is disturbed by geomagnetic, solar, and atmospheric phenomena. To be able to identify perturbations in the VLF signal amplitude, we determine its averaged seasonal variation under quiet solar and geomagnetic conditions. Here it is challenging, that long time series of the VLF signal amplitude show significant jumps and outliers, which are caused artificially by technical adjustments/maintenance work. This paper presents a new approach for processing long VLF data time series over multiple years resulting in level 2 data. The new level 2 data enables the consideration of time series with artificial jumps since the jumps are leveled. Moreover, the outliers are removed by a robust and systematic 2‐step outlier filtering. The average seasonal and diurnal variation for different transmitter‐receiver combinations can be computed with the new level 2 data by applying a composite analysis. A subsequently applied polynomial fit obtains the quiet time lines for daytime and nighttime, representing the typical seasonal variation under undisturbed conditions of the VLF signal amplitude for each considered link. The developed quiet time lines may serve as a tool to determine perturbations of the VLF signal amplitude with solar and geomagnetic as well as atmospheric origin. Also, they allow comparison of the VLF signal amplitude variation for different transmitter‐receiver links.
The Allen Ancient DNA Resource (AADR) a curated compendium of ancient human genomes
Authors: Mallick Swapan , Micco Adam , Mah Matthew , Ringbauer Harald , Lazaridis Iosif , Olalde Iñigo , Patterson Nick , Reich David 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMore than two hundred papers have reported genome-wide data from ancient humans. While the raw data for the vast majority are fully publicly available testifying to the commitment of the paleogenomics community to open data, formats for both raw data and meta-data differ. There is thus a need for uniform curation and a centralized, version-controlled compendium that researchers can download, analyze, and reference. Since 2019, we have been maintaining the Allen Ancient DNA Resource (AADR), which aims to provide an up-to-date, curated version of the world’s published ancient human DNA data, represented at more than a million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at which almost all ancient individuals have been assayed. The AADR has gone through six public releases at the time of writing and review of this manuscript, and crossed the threshold of >10,000 individuals with published genome-wide ancient DNA data at the end of 2022. This note is intended as a citable descriptor of the AADR.
A novel theta-controlled vibrotactile brain–computer interface to treat chronic pain: a pilot study
Authors: Demarest Phillip , Rustamov Nabi , Swift James , Xie Tao , Adamek Markus , Cho Hohyun , Wilson Elizabeth , Han Zhuangyu , Belsten Alexander , Luczak Nicholas , Brunner Peter , Haroutounian Simon , Leuthardt Eric C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLimitations in chronic pain therapies necessitate novel interventions that are effective, accessible, and safe. Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) provide a promising modality for targeting neuropathology underlying chronic pain by converting recorded neural activity into perceivable outputs. Recent evidence suggests that increased frontal theta power (4–7 Hz) reflects pain relief from chronic and acute pain. Further studies have suggested that vibrotactile stimulation decreases pain intensity in experimental and clinical models. This longitudinal, non-randomized, open-label pilot study's objective was to reinforce frontal theta activity in six patients with chronic upper extremity pain using a novel vibrotactile neurofeedback BCI system. Patients increased their BCI performance, reflecting thought-driven control of neurofeedback, and showed a significant decrease in pain severity (1.29 ± 0.25 MAD, p = 0.03, q = 0.05) and pain interference (1.79 ± 1.10 MAD p = 0.03, q = 0.05) scores without any adverse events. Pain relief significantly correlated with frontal theta modulation. These findings highlight the potential of BCI-mediated cortico-sensory coupling of frontal theta with vibrotactile stimulation for alleviating chronic pain.
The association between childhood trauma and emotion recognition is reduced or eliminated when controlling for alexithymia and psychopathy traits
Authors: Cooper Holly , Jennings Ben J. , Kumari Veena , Willard Aiyana K. , Bennetts Rachel J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEmotion recognition shows large inter-individual variability, and is substantially affected by childhood trauma as well as modality, emotion portrayed, and intensity. While research suggests childhood trauma influences emotion recognition, it is unclear whether this effect is consistent when controlling for interrelated individual differences. Further, the universality of the effects has not been explored, most studies have not examined differing modalities or intensities. This study examined childhood trauma’s association with accuracy, when controlling for alexithymia and psychopathy traits, and if this varied across modality, emotion portrayed, and intensity. An adult sample (N = 122) completed childhood trauma, alexithymia, and psychopathy questionnaires and three emotion tasks: faces, voices, audio-visual. When investigating childhood trauma alone, there was a significant association with poorer accuracy when exploring modality, emotion portrayed, and intensity. When controlling for alexithymia and psychopathy, childhood trauma remained significant when exploring emotion portrayed, however, it was no longer significant when exploring modality and intensity. In fact, alexithymia was significant when exploring intensity. The effect sizes overall were small. Our findings suggest the importance of controlling for interrelated individual differences. Future research should explore more sensitive measures of emotion recognition, such as intensity ratings and sensitivity to intensity, to see if these follow accuracy findings.
The analysis of association between single features of small vessel disease and stroke outcome shows the independent impact of the number of microbleeds and presence of lacunes
Authors: Hakim Arsany , Gallucci Laura , Sperber Christoph , Rezny-Kasprzak Beata , Jäger Eugen , Meinel Thomas , Seiffge David , Goeldlin Martina , Westphalen Franziska , Fischer Urs , Wiest Roland , Arnold Marcel , Umarova Roza 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe impact of small vessel disease (SVD) on stroke outcome was investigated either separately for its single features in isolation or for SVD sum score measuring a qualitative (binary) assessment of SVD-lesions. We aimed to investigate which SVD feature independently impacts the most on stroke outcome and to compare the continuous versus binary SVD assessment that reflects pronouncement and presence correspondingly. Patients with a first-ever anterior circulation ischemic stroke were retrospectively investigated. We performed an ordered logistic regression analysis to predict stroke outcome (mRS 3 months, 0–6) using age, stroke severity, and pre-stroke disability as baseline input variables and adding SVD-features (lacunes, microbleeds, enlarged perivascular spaces, white matter hyperintensities) assessed either continuously (model 1) or binary (model 2). The data of 873 patients (age 67.9 ± 15.4, NIHSS 24 h 4.1 ± 4.8) was analyzed. In model 1 with continuous SVD-features, the number of microbleeds was the only independent predictor of stroke outcome in addition to clinical parameters (OR 1.21; 95% CI 1.07–1.37). In model 2 with the binary SVD assessment, only the presence of lacunes independently improved the prediction of stroke outcome (OR 1.48, 1.1–1.99). In a post hoc analysis, both the continuous number of microbleeds and the presence of lacunes were independent significant predictors. Thus, the number of microbleeds evaluated continuously and the presence of lacunes are associated with stroke outcome independent from age, stroke severity, pre-stroke disability and other SVD-features. Whereas the presence of lacunes is adequately represented in SVD sum score, the microbleeds assessment might require another cutoff and/or gradual scoring, when prediction of stroke outcome is needed.
Predictive factors and adverse perinatal outcomes associated with maternal smoking status
Authors: Hamadneh Shereen , Hamadneh Jehan , Alhenawi Esraa , Khurma Ruba Abu , Hussien Abdelazim G. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo identify risk factors for smoking among pregnant women, and adverse perinatal outcomes among pregnant women. A case–control study of singleton full-term pregnant women who gave birth at a university hospital in Jordan in June 2020. Pregnant women were divided into three groups according to their smoking status, active, passive, and non-smokers. They were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire that included demographic data, current pregnancy history, and neonatal outcomes. Low-level maternal education, unemployment, secondary antenatal care, and having a smoking husband were identified as risk factors for smoke exposure among pregnant women. The risk for cesarean section was ninefold higher in nulliparous smoking women. Women with low family income, those who did not receive information about the hazards of smoking, unemployed passive smoking women, and multiparty raised the risk of neonatal intensive care unit admission among active smoking women. This risk increased in active and passive women with lower levels of education, and inactive smoking women with low family income by 25 times compared to women with a higher level of education. Smoking is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Appropriate preventive strategies should address modifiable risk factors for smoking during pregnancy.
Social frailty as a predictor of all-cause mortality and functional disability: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Goto Takaharu , Kishimoto Takahiro , Fujiwara Shinji , Shirayama Yasuhiko , Ichikawa Tetsuo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe association between social frailty and adverse health outcomes, especially mortality and functional disability, which are essential health outcomes, has not been systematically summarized or meta-analyzed. In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of social frailty on all-cause mortality and functional disability, while addressing the components of social frailty. In this study, social frailty was operationally defined in alignment with the previous literature, as follows: “a state of increased vulnerability to the interactive back-and-forth of the community, including general resources, social resources, social behaviors, and needs.” Hazard ratios or odds ratios described in each selected literature were used as the meta-analytic results. Considering the impact of social frailty on all-cause mortality, the hazard ratio was 1.96 (95% CI 1.20–3.19), indicating a significant association between the two but high heterogeneity. The hazard and odds ratios for the impact of social frailty on functional disability were 1.43 (95% CI 1.20–1.69) and 2.06 (95% CI 1.55–2.74), respectively. A significant association was found between social frailty and functional disability; both hazard and odds ratios were found, and low heterogeneity between these articles was observed. These results highlight the importance of assessing social frailty using more standardized methods and examining its effects on various health outcomes.