bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meaningful Change Thresholds for the Psoriasis Symptoms and Signs Diary
Authors: Papp Kim A. , Gordon Kenneth , Strober Bruce , Zhuo Joe , Becker Brandon , Zhong Yichen , Beaumont Jennifer L. , Pham Tan P. , Kisa Renata , Napoli Andrew A. , Banerjee Subhashis , Armstrong April W. 
Published: December 2023

ImportanceChange from baseline score on the validated Psoriasis Symptoms and Signs Diary (PSSD) is a widely used, patient-reported end point in clinical trials for psoriasis. Meaningful score change thresholds anchored to patient-reported assessments have not been established in a clinical trial setting.ObjectiveTo evaluate meaningful within-patient score change thresholds for the PSSD using data from the phase 3 Program to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Deucravacitinib, a Selective TYK2 Inhibitor (POETYK), PSO-1 clinical trial, which compared the efficacy and safety of deucravacitinib vs placebo and apremilast among adults with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this predefined analysis using data from the POETYK PSO-1 multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical trial, conducted from August 7, 2018, to September 2, 2020, 666 adults with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis completed the PSSD daily throughout the trial. Meaningful change thresholds were derived by anchoring mean PSSD score change from baseline to week 16 to category improvements on the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGI-C) and the Patient Global Impression of Severity (PGI-S).InterventionsDeucravacitinib, 6 mg, once daily; placebo; or apremilast, 30 mg, twice daily.Main Outcome and MeasuresThe main outcome was score change from baseline to week 16 on the PSSD, anchored to the PGI-C and PGI-S.ResultsThe trial included 666 patients (mean [SD] age, 46.1 [13.4] years; 453 men [68.0%]). Three thresholds were identified using an analysis set of 609 patients. Score improvement of at least 15 points from baseline reflected meaningful within-patient change anchored to the PGI-C. Score improvements of 25 points were supported by both the PGI-C and the PGI-S, while a 30-point score change identified patients with greater improvements in their psoriasis symptoms and signs.Conclusions and RelevanceThis analysis suggests that PSSD score improvements of 15, 25, or 30 points represent increasing improvements in disease burden that are meaningful to patients with psoriasis.
Esters of Monocarboxylic Acids
Authors: Ziegler‐Skylakakis Kyriakoula 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter deals with esters of monocarboxylic acids as well as with monoalcohols, di‐, tri‐, or polyalcohols, such as glycerol esters, resorcinol esters, and gallates. The esters of aromatic monocarboxylic acids are benzoates, salicylates, parabens, cinnamates,p‐aminobenzoates, ando‐aminobenzoates. The chemical structures and the physicochemical properties of these chemicals vary considerably. Accordingly, they are widely used in different industrial settings and consumer products. Some of these compounds occur naturally. They exhibit in general a low toxicity.
Do Dynamic Plantar Pressures Differ Based on Sonographic Evidence of Metatarsophalangeal Joint Synovitis in People With Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Authors: Anderson Libby , Ihaka Belinda , Bowen Catherine , Dando Charlotte , Stewart Sarah 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveThe metatarsophalangeal joints (MTPJs) are the most common location for synovitis in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), yet their association with plantar foot pressures has received very little attention. This study aimed to determine whether plantar pressures differed based on sonographic evidence of MTPJ synovitis in people with RA.MethodUltrasound was used to assess synovitis (grey scale synovial hypertrophy and power Doppler signal) in MTPJs 1 to 5 using the combined EULAR/Outcome Measures in Rheumatology scoring system. Peak pressure (PP) and pressure time integrals (PTIs) were assessed during barefoot walking for seven plantar foot regions (heel, midfoot, first metatarsal, second metatarsal, third to fifth metatarsals, hallux, lesser toes). Mixed‐effects linear regression was used to determine the difference in PP and PTI between MTPJs with none/minimal synovitis and MTPJs with moderate/severe synovitis.ResultsThirty‐five participants with RA were included. Mean age was 66.3 years and mean disease duration was 22.2 years. Participants with sonographic evidence of moderate/severe synovitis at the first MTPJ had reduced PTI at the hallux compared with those with none/minimal synovitis at this joint (P = 0.039). Participants with moderate/severe synovitis at the second MTPJ and fourth MTPJ had reduced PP and reduced PTI at lesser toes compared with those with none/minimal synovitis in these joints (all P ≤ 0.048). No significant differences were observed for synovitis in other joints.ConclusionThese findings may be suggestive of an inverse relationship between plantar pressure and soft tissue pathology, which is consistent with an offloading strategy and reduced use of the toes during propulsion.
Combining Multifunctional Delivery System with Blood–Brain Barrier Reversible Opening Strategy for the Enhanced Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Ke Jia , Yu Caini , Li Sufen , Hong Yiling , Xu Yichong , Wang Kai , Meng Tingting , Ping Yuan , Fu Qiang , Yuan Hong , Hu Fuqiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative illness characterized by intracellular tau‐phosphorylation, β‐amyloid (Aβ) plaques accumulation, neuroinflammation, and impaired behavioral ability. Owing to the lack of effective brain delivery approaches and the presence of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), current AD therapeutic endeavors are severely limited. Herein, a multifunctional delivery system (RVG‐DDQ/PDP@siBACE1) is elaborately combined with a protein kinase B (AKT) agonist (SC79) for facilitating RVG‐DDQ/PDP@siBACE1 to target and penetrate BBB, enter brain parenchyma, and further accumulate in AD brain lesion. Moreover, compared with the unitary dose of RVG‐DDQ/PDP@siBACE1, this collaborative therapy strategy exhibits a distinctive synergistic function including scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreasing of Aβ production, alleviating neuroinflammation by promoting the polarized microglia into the anti‐inflammatory M2‐like phenotype and significantly enhancing the cognitive functions of AD mice. More strikingly, according to these results, an innovative signaling pathway “lncRNA MALAT1/miR‐181c/BCL2L11” is found that can mediate the neuronal apoptosis of AD. Taken together, combining the brain targeted delivery system with noninvasive BBB opening can provide a promising strategy and platform for targeting treatment of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
2D Methyl Germanane Enhanced 3D Printed Photoelectrodes
Authors: Nittoor‐Veedu Radhika , Ng Siowwoon , Sanna Michela , Pumera Martin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract3D printing is a cutting‐edge technology, that allows the printing of 3D objects according to the design provided. Nanocarbon electrodes that can be fabricated using 3D printing technology, suffer from a lack of required properties. For enhancing the photoelectrochemical properties of 3D printed electrodes, functionalized germanenes, belonging to the family of 2D materials are used here. Functionalized germananes are becoming popular for application in photoelectrochemical processes, due to their photoactivity in the visible spectral region and their tunable optoelectronic properties, thanks to covalent functionalization. It is shown that 2D methyl germanane has great potential for photoelectrocatalytic enhancement of 3D printed structures, and this potential goes beyond the demonstrated application of water splitting.
Accelerated Augmented Reality Holographic 4k Video Projections Based on Lidar Point Clouds for Automotive Head‐Up Displays
Authors: Skirnewskaja Jana , Montelongo Yunuen , Sha Jinze , Wilkes Phil , Wilkinson Timothy D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIdentifying road obstacles hidden from the driver's field of view can ensure road safety in transportation. Current driver assistance systems such as 2D head‐up displays are limited to the projection area on the windshield of the car. An augmented reality holographic point cloud video projection system is developed to display objects aligned with real‐life objects in size and distance within the driver's field of view. Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point cloud data collected with a 3D laser scanner is transformed into layered 3D replay field objects consisting of 400 k points. GPU‐accelerated computing generated real‐time holograms 16.6 times faster than the CPU processing time. The holographic projections are obtained with a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) (3840×2160 px) and virtual Fresnel lenses, which enlarged the driver's eye box to 25 mm × 36 mm. Real‐time scanned road obstacles from different perspectives provide the driver a full view of risk factors such as generated depth in 3D mode and the ability to project any scanned object from different angles in 360°. The 3D holographic projection technology allows for maintaining the driver's focus on the road instead of the windshield and enables assistance by projecting road obstacles hidden from the driver's field of view.
Access to Enantioenriched β‐Hydroxy gem‐Difluorinated Heterocyclic and Acyclic Derivatives through Rh(III)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation
Authors: Bacheley Lucas , Ravindra Rathies , Guillamot Gérard , Phansavath Phannarath , Ratovelomanana‐Vidal Virginie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe report a process to access a variety of enantioenriched α‐gem‐difluorinated alcohols. A Rh(III)‐catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation method was developed in 85–98% yields and enantiomeric excesses ranging from 52% to >99%. The reduction proceeds under mild conditions with a range of difluorinated molecules including 3,3‐difluorochromanone, 3,3‐difluorothiochromanone, 3,3‐difluoro‐dihydroquinolinone and α‐difluorinated β‐ketosulfone derivatives to provide the desired enantioenriched difluorinated alcohols which are valuable fluorinated building blocks.
Chiral 1‐Phosphabarrelene‐Pyridines as Suitable Ligands for the Rh/Ir‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Olefins
Authors: Saltó Joan , Tarr Daniel , Petrov Andrey , Reich Dorian , Weber Manuela , Biosca Maria , Pàmies Oscar , Müller Christian , Diéguez Montserrat 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHerein, we report the synthesis of chiral phosphabarrelene‐pyridine ligands. Their synthesis benefit from modified reaction conditions to overcome the low yields normally associated with the [4+2] cycloaddition reaction of phosphinines with hexafluoro‐2‐butyne, which is a key to install the P‐stereocenter in the phosphabarrelene. Their potential as chelating ligands in asymmetric catalysis was assessed in the Rh‐ and Ir‐catalyzed hydrogenation of cyclic β‐enamides and β‐dehydroamino acid derivatives. The catalytic system containing a tert‐butyl substituent at the ortho position of the phosphabarrelene moiety successfully hydrogenates a range of cyclic β‐enamides (ee's between 92% to 94%) and β‐dehydroamino acid derivatives (ee's between 93% to 95%). Moreover, the reactions can be carried out in the environmentally friendly 1,2‐propylene carbonate as solvent with no loss of enantioselectivity. Mechanistic studies with the Rh/P,N catalytic systems agree with the Landis‐Halpern mechanism and explain the influence of the substituent at the phosphabarrelene on enantioselectivity. Finally, the hydrogenation reactions can be carried out at large scale maintaining high enantioselectivities.
Optimization of Transcutaneous Oxygenation Wearable Sensors for Clinical Applications
Authors: Cascales Juan Pedro , Roussakis Emmanuel , Müller Matthias , Witthauer Lilian , Li Xiaolei , Goss Avery , Keshishian Helen , Marks Haley L. , Nguyen John Q. , Kelley Liv , Evans Conor L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this manuscript, the development of an experimental and mathematical toolset is reported that allows for improved in vivo measurements of optical transcutaneous oxygen tension measurements (TCOM) wearable technology in humans. In addition to optimizing O2‐sensing films for higher sensitivity oxygen detection, calibration algorithms are additionally developed to account for excitation source leakage, as well as algorithms to combine readings of partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), derived from phosphorescence intensity and lifetime, into a single metric. This new iteration of the TCOM wearable device is then tested in a pilot human study. By implementing characterization and calibration algorithms, the data from the pilot study demonstrates the ability to obtain reliable transcutaneous pO2 readings with a TCOM sensor regardless of size and without the need for strict conditions of constant temperature, humidity, or motion that have limited the range of applications of this technology in the past.
The Hypothalamic Epigenetic Landscape in Dietary Obesity
Authors: Ma Kai , Yin Kaili , Li Jiong , Ma Li , Zhou Qun , Lu Xiyuan , Li Bo , Li Juxue , Wei Gang , Zhang Guo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe hypothalamus in the brain plays a pivotal role in controlling energy balance in vertebrates. Nutritional excess through high‐fat diet (HFD) feeding can dysregulate hypothalamic signaling at multiple levels. Yet, it remains largely unknown in what magnitude HFD feeding may impact epigenetics in this brain region. Here, it is shown that HFD feeding can significantly alter hypothalamic epigenetic events, including posttranslational histone modifications, DNA methylation, and chromatin accessibility. The authors comprehensively analyze the chromatin immunoprecipitation‐sequencing (ChIP‐seq), methylated DNA immunoprecipitation‐sequencing (MeDIP‐seq), single nucleus assay for transposase‐accessible chromatin using sequencing (snATAC‐seq), and RNA‐seq data of the hypothalamus of C57 BL/6 mice fed with a chow or HFD for 1 to 6 months. The chromatins are categorized into 6 states using the obtained ChIP‐seq data for H3K4me3, H3K27ac, H3K9me3, H3K27me3, and H3K36me3. A 1‐month HFD feeding dysregulates histone modifications and DNA methylation more pronouncedly than that of 3‐ or 6‐month. Besides, HFD feeding differentially impacts chromatin accessibility in hypothalamic cells. Thus, the epigenetic landscape is dysregulated in the hypothalamus of dietary obesity mice.
Hydrophobic Hydrogen‐Bonded Polymer Network for Efficient and Stable Perovskite/Si Tandem Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Lu , Farhadi Bita , Li Jianxun , Liu Siyi , Lu Linfeng , Wang Hui , Du Minyong , Yang Liyou , Bao Shaojuan , Jiang Xiao , Dong Xinrui , Miao Qingqing , Li Dongdong , Wang Kai , Liu Shengzhong Frank 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe pursuit of highly efficient and stable wide‐band gap (WBG) perovskite solar cells (PSCs), especially for monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem devices, is a key focus in achieving the commercialization of perovskite photovoltaics. In this study, we initially designed poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) with varying alkyl chain lengths based on density functional theory calculations. Results pinpoint that PILs with longer alkyl chain lengths tend to exhibit more robust binding energy with the perovskite structure. Then we synthesized the PILs to craft a hydrophobic hydrogen‐bonded polymer network (HHPN) that passivates the WBG perovskite/electron transport layer interface, inhibits ion migration and serves as a barrier layer against water and oxygen ingression. Accordingly, the HHPN effectively curbs nonradiative recombination losses while facilitating efficient carrier transport, resulting in substantially enhanced open‐circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor. As a result, the optimized single‐junction WBG PSC achieves an impressive efficiency of 23.18 %, with Voc as high as 1.25 V, which is the highest reported for WBG (over 1.67 eV) PSCs. These devices also demonstrate outstanding thermostability and humidity resistance. Notably, this versatile strategy can be extended to textured perovskite/silicon tandem cells, reaching a remarkable efficiency of 28.24 % while maintaining exceptional operational stability.
Synthesis of Pyrrole‐Sharing Fused Porphyrinoid Hybrids by Post‐fabrication of Ni(II) Porphyrins
Authors: Zi Lili , Liu Li , Zhou Mingbo , Liu Le , Xiao Boyu , Xu Ling , Rao Yutao , Yin Bangshao , Song Jianxin , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPyrrole‐sharing fused hybrids of NiII porphyrin with PdII N‐confused(NC)‐corrole and PdII NC‐oxaporphyrin were synthesized by post‐fabrication of NiII porphyrins. Specifically this consists of Friedel–Crafts type aromatic substitution reaction of meso‐free NiII porphyrin with α,α′‐dibromotripyrrin and Pd(OAc)2 assisted cyclization, and final heating to induce a Pd−C bond formation. NiII porphyrins fused with PdII NC‐corrole and with PdII NC‐oxaporphyrins show coplanar structures with a shared pyrrole unit. In these hybrids, the PdII NC‐oxaporphyrin is aromatic and the PdII NC‐corrole is moderately antiaromatic and these local electronic properties interact to influence the whole network.
The Anomalous Photo‐Nernst Effect of Massive Dirac Fermions In HfTe5
Authors: Singh Maanwinder P. , Kiemle Jonas , Xu Chen , Schmunk Waldemar , Dong Qingxin , Chen Genfu , Meng Tobias , Kastl Christoph 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe quantum geometric Berry curvature results in an anomalous correction to the band velocity of crystal electrons with a corresponding transverse (thermo)electric conductivity. However, time‐reversal symmetry typically constrains the direct observation and exploitation of anomalous transport to magnetic compounds. Here, it is demonstrated the anomalous Hall and Nernst conductivities are essential for describing the optoelectronic transport in thin films of the non‐magnetic, weakly gapped semimetal HfTe5 subject to an external magnetic field. A focused photoexcitation adresses the symmetries of the local Nernst conductivity, which unveils a hitherto hidden, anomalous photo‐Nernst effect of three‐dimensional (3D) massive Dirac fermions. The experimental temperature and density dependencies are compared with a semiclassical Boltzmann transport model. For HfTe5 thin films with the Fermi level close to the gap, the model suggests that the anomalous photo‐Nernst currents originate from an intrinsic Berry curvature mechanism, where the Zeeman interaction effectively breaks time‐reversal symmetry of the massive Dirac fermions already at moderate external magnetic fields.
1D Photonic Topological Insulators Composed of Split Ring Resonators: A Mini Review
Authors: Guo Zhiwei , Wang Yuqian , Ke Shaolin , Su Xiaoqiang , Ren Jie , Chen Hong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent years, topological photonics inspired by electric topological insulators has promoted extensive research on robust electromagnetic (EM) wave manipulation and new wave‐functional devices. Optical resonators can significantly confine EM waves and are the basic building blocks for constructing diverse topological structures under a tight binding mechanism. As an artificial “magnetic atom,” the split‐ring‐resonator (SRR) is one of the most attractive optical resonators. SRRs provide an excellent and flexible platform for constructing various topological structures with complex coupling distributions, uncovering abundant topological properties, and innovating practical devices. Here, the realization and fundamental EM responses of the SRR are briefly introduced. Compared to conventional EM resonance elements, the coupling between SRRs depends not only on the coupling distance but also on the orientation angle of the slits. The recent achievements in various low‐dimensional photonic topological structures composed of SRRs are summarized. Furthermore, this review explains the underlying physical principles and discusses progress in topological devices with SRRs, including wireless power transfer, sensing, and switching. Finally, this review provides an overview of the future of SRR topological structures and their impact on the development of novel topological systems and devices.
Gastrulation‐stage alcohol exposure induces similar rates of craniofacial malformations in male and female C57BL/6J mice
Authors: Boschen Karen E. , Dragicevich Constance J. , Fish Eric W. , Hepperla Austin J. , Simon Jeremy M. , Parnell Scott E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrenatal alcohol exposure during gastrulation (embryonic day [E] 7 in mice, ~3rd week of human pregnancy) impairs eye, facial, and cortical development, recapitulating birth defects characteristic of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS). However, it is not known whether the prevalence or severity of craniofacial features associated with FAS is affected by biological sex.MethodsThe current study administered either alcohol (2.9 g/kg, two i.p. doses, 4 hr apart) or vehicle to pregnant C57BL/6J females on E7, prior to gonadal sex differentiation, and assessed fetal morphology at E17.ResultsWhereas sex did not affect fetal size in controls, alcohol‐exposed females were smaller than both control females and alcohol‐treated males. Alcohol exposure increased the incidence of eye defects to a similar degree in males and females. Together, these data suggest that females might be more sensitive to the general developmental effects of alcohol, but not effects specific to the craniofacies. Whole transcriptomic analysis of untreated E7 embryos found 214 differentially expressed genes in females vs. males, including those in pathways related to cilia and mitochondria, histone demethylase activity, and pluripotency.ConclusionGastrulation‐stage alcohol induces craniofacial malformations in male and female mouse fetuses at similar rates and severity, though growth deficits are more prevalent females. These findings support the investigation of biological sex as a contributing factor in prenatal alcohol studies.
Facile Synthesis of Some New Peptidomimetic β3‐and β2,3‐Amino Alcohols Possessing Pyridyl Moiety via Reductive Ring Opening of Pyridyl‐isoxazolidines
Authors: Singh Gagandeep , Gupta Naman , Sethi Nidhi , Gupta Vivek , Raj Tilak , Ishar Mohan Paul Singh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRegio‐ and stereoselective 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions of C‐(3‐pyridyl)‐N‐phenylnitrone (2) with variedly substituted dipolarophiles (3, 4) were carried out to obtain substituted pyridyl‐isoxazolidines (5–8). Reductive cleavage of pyridyl‐isoxazolidines (5–8) with ammonium formate, methanol−THF solvents, at ambient temperature, in the presence of Pd/C provided a facile route for the synthesis of β3‐and β2,3‐amino alcohols (9–12), with a substitution pattern having pronounced influence on torsional angles. The obtained compounds (9–12) are valuable scaffolds which can be utilized for peptidomimetics. Thus, the present methodology for reductive opening of isoxazolidine ring avoids the disadvantages of using expensive apparatus and hazards involved in the use of hydrogen gas. The preferential formation of amino‐alcohols in case of bicyclic isoxazolidines (8a–c), which precludes any recyclization is rationalized by DFT calculations.