bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P‐70: Waveguide Based Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Displays
Authors: Yuan Haijun , Palffy‐Muhoray Peter 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA waveguide based cholesteric liquid crystal display (WGCLCD) is demonstrated. Instead of using polarizers to control light intensity as in conventional LCDs or using reflection band to reflect light as in conventional reflective CLCD, a cholesteric cell is used in the WGCLCD to switch light out of a waveguide with high optical efficiency. Instead of an extra scattering screen as in conventional waveguide based LCDs, focal conic domains are used to scatter light out of the waveguide. Wide viewing angle, high peak brightness and high contrast ratio are obtained
P‐73: A Method of Generating Full Color LCD Using Birefringent Filters in a Stacked Design
Authors: Saeed S. , Bos P. , Li Z. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe discuss the design and performance of a full color transmissive display based on the folded Solc filter design. Sharp et. al. suggested the use of a modified Solc filter as a colorswitch and for use as a display device. Del Pico suggested its use as a direct view device using plastic substrates and LCP's to solve some parallax issues. However no details of its operation were given. The design incorporates three individual stacks each responsible for producing RGB without the use of color filters, this offer high color purity and brightness along with the promise of low power consumption. In this paper the design of such a system is considered in detail.
P‐74: Thin Film Polarizers: Optical and Color Characteristics, Thermostability
Authors: Ignatov Leonid , Lazarev Pavel , Ovchinnikova Natalya 
Published: January 2005

AbstractMolecular engineering of textile dyes has produced new materials that have thermostability like the precursor textile dyes, and that can be used to produce thin film coatings. Dye molecules are aligned in crystalline fashion and produce a polarizing effect. Blending different dye mixes controls optical and color characteristics of such film polarizers. Effective black and color thin film polarizers made from dye blends with hues varying in wide range of color coordinates were manufactured and tested.
P‐75: Two Crossed A‐Plates as an Alternative to a Negative C‐Plate
Authors: Sergan V. , Bos P. J. , Sharp G. D. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe performed a complete study of optical properties of two crossed positive in‐plane retarders (positive A‐plates). We have shown that this configuration can improve the viewing angle performance of LCDs in much the same way as negative C‐plate. The method of construction of a negative C‐plate, optical properties and an implementation to optical compensation of different LCD modes is discussed.
P‐79: Achieving High Contrast Ratio in IPS TFT‐LCDs by Domain Formation Control around Spacers
Authors: Utsumi Y. , Tomioka Y. , Kondo K. , Matsuyama S. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractReducing the light‐leakage caused by domain formation around spacers in IPS (in‐plane switching) TFT‐LCDs is investigated. It is found that the light‐leakage depends on the spacer material and surface alignment of the liquid crystal molecules on the spacers. High contrast ratio of over 200 is demonstrated by aligning liquid crystal molecules parallel to the spacer surface.
LP‐8:Late‐News Poster: Polymer Fly's Eye Light Integrator Lens Arrays for Digital Projectors
Authors: Foley M. , Munro J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPolymer Fly's Eye light integrators are now available as an alternative to glass. While the appropriate material is highly dependent on the specifics of the application, plastic integrators offer measurable advantages in certain situations. Key design considerations include weight, performance, cost, birefringence, and temperature resistance. This paper explores each of these design considerations, and presents some guidelines to aid optical engineers in material selection.
LP‐9: Late‐News Poster: Synthesis and Physical Properties of Fluoro‐Isothiocyanated Liquid Crystal Compounds
Authors: Kim Y. B. , Kim B. H. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFluoro‐isothiocyanated three‐ring and two‐ring liquid crystal compounds has been synthesized. They showed remarkably high nematic‐isotropic transition temperature, wide nematic temperature range, high dielectric and optical anisotropy, as well as a high‐voltage holding ratio of 98 %, rating them suitable for AM‐LCD applications.
9.2: Skew Ray Compensated Color Separation Prism for Projection Display Applications
Authors: Greenberg Michael R. , Bryars Brett J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractProjection display systems that use polarization as a means for image recovery require phase compensation of skew rays to achieve high contrast. This paper describes a new color separation prism design that compensates skew ray phase errors using only thin film coatings. The new prism maintains high contrast for systems as fast as f/2.5.
35.1: A New Design to Improve Performance of Wide‐Viewing Angle Back‐Side Exposure Multi‐Domain Homeotropically Aligned LCD
Authors: Liu Hong‐Da , Lin Ing‐Jer , Chen Ching‐Yih 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA BSE‐MHA (Back‐Side Exposure Multi‐domain. We developed a new design to improve optical performance. The optical transmittance was improved by newly introduced Superimposed Spacing Wall‐Bump (SSWB) structure to freeze the disclination lines. The transmittance improvement effect is measured to be 20%, more than 70% of TN‐LCD, in typical. The SSWB type BSE‐MHA also makes the spacers spraying process unnecessary by the Superimposed Spacing Method (SSM). Homeotropically Aligned) TFT‐LCD panel has been demonstrated in 1999. It has excellent high performance and been manufacturing without rubbing and polymer stabilized process. However, the light efficiency of BSE‐MHA LCD is only 60% of TN (Twisted Nematic)‐LCD
35.3: Improvement of Transmitted Light Efficiency in SH‐LCDs Using Quarter‐Wave Retardation Films
Authors: Iwamoto Y. , Toko Y. , Hiramoto H. , Iimura Y. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor improving the transmitted light efficiency we have theoretically and experimentally studied mulit‐domain Super‐Homeotropic (SH) LCDs combined with two •/4 retardation films. As a result, the transmitted light efficiency of the LCD panel is improved up to 1.6 times that of a conventional SH panel, so that the steepness of the electro‐optical characteristics is also improved. We then show that the further improvement of the efficiency can be achieved by using a cholesteric film and the obtaioned final improvement in the transmitted light efficiency is about 2 times that of conventional SH panel.
35.4: Significant Speed and Stability Increases in Multi‐Dimensional Director Simulations
Authors: Anderson J. E. , Titus C. , Watson P. , Bos P. J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractMulti‐dimensional director calculations have typically taken an inordinate amount of time on all but the fastest computers. In this paper we will show methods for increasing the speed and stability of multi‐dimensional calculations such that they can be run on desktop PCs. We will also present an “open‐source” algorithm in which these methods are implemented. Details of the algorithm's design, accuracy and operation are discussed.
37.3: Mercury‐Free, Simple‐Stuctured Flat Discharge LCD Backlights Ranging from 0.5 to 5.2‐in. Diagonals
Authors: Ikeda Y. , Shiga T. , Mikoshiba S. , Tsuchiya M. , Shinada S. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractMercury‐free flat discharge lamps with diagonal sizes ranging from 5.0 to 5.2 inches have been developed for LCD backlights. The lamps have simple structures with insulated electrodes. Uniform discharges are obtained by adjusting drive pulse voltage and waveforms. As lamp diagonal becomes larger, luminance and efficacy increa‐se, and the dimming can be varied in wider range.
38.2: Application of FEM Residual Stress Analysis to Solve Breakage Problems in CRT Makers' Frit‐sealing Process
Authors: Imura Yuki , Watanabe Yuichi 
Published: January 2005

AbstractBreakage's at the diagonal outside edge of flat panels occured during the CRT makers' frit‐sealing process. One of the methods used to solve this problem was the FEM (Finite Element Method) analysis of residual stresses to determine which cooling conditions would produce an optimum stress distribution during the glass makers' forming process. The data was applied to the actual cooling process, resulting in reduced incidences of frit‐sealing process breakage's
38.4: Full 3D Simulation of Thermionic Emission in Electron Guns for CRTs
Authors: van der Vaart N. C. , Leeuwestein A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe report an accurate CRT gun simulation method, which takes into account the influence of the thermal velocity spread of the emitted electrons and space charge repulsion without using a‐priori assumptions or analytical expressions for the space charge density. The beam formation is modeled by tracing electrons directly from a thermionic cathode surface with a fixed work function and space charge effects are incorporated with a ‘particle in a cell’ method.
39.3: Recent Advances In Dome Display Systems
Authors: Blackham Geoff 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPolysilicon LCD projection technology has advanced to the point that it is now worthy of consideration for the demanding requirements of fast‐jet flight simulation visual displays. Other technologies show promise of introducing more options and all of these will offer benefits of high stability, low cost, high brightness and on‐going improvement as much larger markets drive demand. This paper explores how such opportunities are now being exploited in the development of fully immersive dome projection systems.
40.3L: Late‐News Paper: Color Changing Materials for OLED Microdisplays
Authors: Ghosh A. P. , Howard W. E. , Sokolik I. , Zhang R. , Shershukov V. M. , Tolmachev A. V. , Voronkina N. I. , Dudkin V. A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractVarious approaches to color changing media (CCM) for color microdisplays using blue pixelated OLED display with blue‐to‐green and blue‐to‐red CCM have been studied. Vacuum‐deposited CCM films have been demonstrated with optical density 3.75/micron at the maximum of absorption and absolute quantum efficiency of photoluminescence of 82% and 67% for B/G and B/R CCM, respectively.
31.5L: Late‐News Paper: Advanced Thermal Transfer Technology for CRTs Phosphor Screen
Authors: Kuwabara Satoshi , Muraoka Michiaki , Yabe Norio 
Published: January 2005

AbstractLarge format displays with high quality image have been increasingly required for multimedia use. Thermal transfer films which can make phosphor screen were developed. We have recognized the advantages of handling, uniformity and image qualities in comparison with conventional slurry method. The films include both phosphor and color filter layers.
41.4: Late‐News Paper: Wide Color Gamut and High Brightness Assured by the Support of LED Backlighting in WUXGA LCD Monitor
Authors: Sugiura Hiroaki , Kaneko Hideyuki , Kagawa Shuichi , Ozawa Masahiko , Tanizoe Hideki , Katou Hiroshi , Kimura Tarou , Ueno Hiroshi 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe authors have successfully developed a WUXGA LCD monitor that has the world's highest performance level for color gamut and brightness for the number of pixels equal to or greater than UXGA. It provides a color gamut of approximately 150 [%] of conventional CRTs, and further, our monitor assures the high brightness of 600 [cd/m2] or greater.This research was organized in part by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Japan (NEDO).
57.4L: Late‐News Paper: Full‐color Polymer AM‐OLED using Ink‐jet and a‐Si TFT Technologies
Authors: Shirasaki Tomoyuki , Ozaki Tsuyoshi , Sato Kazuhito , Kumagai Minoru , Takei Manabu , Toyama Tadahisa , Shimoda Satoru , Tano Tomoko , Hattori Reiji 
Published: January 2005

AbstractInk‐jet and a‐Si TFT technologies are the best combination for fabricating a large‐sized and low‐cost OLED display. We developed a 2.1‐inch, full‐color polymer AM‐OLED display driven by a new current‐programmed method using a‐Si:H TFTs showing more than 450 cd/m2 brightness, more than 100:1 contrast with real black and about 5 % deviation of half‐tone uniformity, which were achieved using a new polymer OLED structure by inserting the interlayer into the conventional 2‐layer LEP structure.
60.5L: Late‐News Paper: An Improved Current Driving Method for 256‐Level Full Color Active Matrix OLED Displays
Authors: Maeda Tomoyuki , Tsuge Hitoshi , Kidani Hidenori , Takahara Hiroshi , Date Yoshito , Omori Tetsuro , Nakamura Fumihisa 
Published: January 2005

AbstractBecause full‐color OLED displays are RGB and the current‐luminance characteristics of OLED devices differ from one another, their white balance adjustment is difficult. Another problem is that OLED displays draw a large current when images are displayed at high luminance, which causes heating and deterioration. We propose an improved current driving method to solve both problems, and we developed a current‐output source driver IC which achieves 256 levels each for RGB, and a full‐color active‐matrix OLED display with a 3.46‐inch diagonal and current‐driven 320 RGB × 240 pixels (QVGA).
19.4L: Late‐News Paper: Development of a 11.3‐inch VGA Full‐Color FED
Authors: Tanaka Mitsuru , Obara Yuji , Naito Yasuyuki , Kobayashi Haruo , Toriumi Masaki , Niiyama Takahiro , Sato Yoshitaka , Itoh Shigeo , Kawasaki Hiroaki 
Published: January 2005

AbstractMany developers had abandoned their development activities of full color FEDs. Because, it is difficult to have high level vacuum technologies and design know‐how of filed emission devices at the same time. But in our work, we successfully developed 11.3‐inch VGA full‐color FED utilizing Spindt‐type emitters with a simple focusing structure to prevent color crosstalk, and 3kV anode voltage to improve luminance efficiency of phosphor. We observed average luminance of screen is about 350cd/m2 and module power consumption including a power supply is 11W. In this report, basic configuration and display performance of the 11.3‐inch VGA full‐color FED is described.
P‐107: Very Bright and Efficient Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diode with Hole Transport Layer Deposited under Relatively High Pressure
Authors: Qiu Chengfeng , Peng Huajun , Xie Zhiliang , Chen Haiying , Wong Man , Kwok Hoi‐Sing 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe characteristics of an organic light‐emitting diode depend on the deposition pressure of the hole transport layer. This effect and the effect of dopant concentration in the emitting layer were investigated. Diodes were constructed using NPB as hole‐transport layers, phosphorescent fac tris(2‐phenylpyridine) iridium (III) [Ir(ppy)3] doped CBP materials as emitting layer, BCP as hole blocking layer and Alq3 as an electron injection‐transport layer. The peak efficiencies of the diodes were sensitive to the deposition pressure of the hole transport layer, and to the dopant concentration. With an optimal pressure, an current efficiency of 44Cd/A with 12wt% Ir(ppy)3 concentration was obtained. A maximum brightness of 210,000 Cd/m2 (cw) was obtained with 15wt% Ir(ppy)3 concentration.
29.3: Low‐Molecular‐Weight Photo‐Crosslinkable Composites: Advanced Materials for Liquid Crystal Alignment
Authors: Yaroshchuk O. , Cada L. G. , Sonpatki M. , Chien L.‐C. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractNew photoalignment materials, based on low‐molecular‐weight photo‐crosslinkable (LMWPC) composites, were developed and characterized. The LMWPC materials have advantages such as ease of synthesis, reduced alignment film preparation, and stable liquid crystal (LC) alignment; they are capable of a wide range of pretilt from planar to slightly tilted homeotropic. Such LMWPC materials are ideal alignment layers for all ranges of liquid crystal display (LCD) technologies including LCDs with patterned alignment and LCDs using plastic as substrates.
37.3: Development of Electrophoretic Display Using Microcapsulated Suspension
Authors: Nakamura Eiji , Kawai Hideyuki , Kanae Norihiko , Yamamoto Hirokazu 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA newly developed electrophoretic display(EPD) using the microcapsule technique is reported. The EPD is composed of two films with electrodes and microcapsulated suspensions having a diameter of 40 to 60 micrometers sandwiched in between. Besides lower current consumption, longer power‐off display memory and others, the significant merit is the increased possibilities of structuring to meet a wide variety of applications, e.g., fine‐pitched display, large‐area‐matrix, etc.
37.4: Reverse‐Emulsion Electrophoretic Display (REED)
Authors: Bryning M. , Cromer R. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA new display technology is being developed, which utilizes the electrophoretic properties of reverse emulsions. This display targets the market for highly reflective passive displays. It offers low power operation, transmissivity in excess of 70%, wide viewing angle, bright colors, low material cost, and an inexpensive production process.
38.1: Invited Paper: Combining Stereopsis and Motion in Human Vision
Authors: McKee S. P. , Harris J. M. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe human visual system processes binocular disparity and motion in separate modules. Both modules provide information that allows humans to segment objects from backgrounds, and to analyze surface structure. The two systems work co‐operatively in image analysis, but stereopsis is less effective for analyzing moving images than for analyzing static ones.
39.2: New Family of Bright Phosphors for FEDs
Authors: Nakua A. M. , Kitai A. H. , Xiao T. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA new family of bright phosphors based on alkaline‐earth gallates has been discovered. Ce‐doped SrGa2O4 has bright greenish‐blue PL and CL. The emission spectra exhibit the characteristic Ce3+‐double peaks. BaGa2O4: Ce has a very bright yellow‐orange CL emission which peaks at 560 nm. Similar, but weaker, PL emission can be observed. These two phosphors are viable candidates for application in field emission displays.
40.1: A 2.6‐in. Poly‐Si TFT‐LCD HDTV Display with Monolithic Integrated 8‐bit Digital Data Drivers
Authors: Osame M. , Azami M. , Koyama J. , Ogata Y. , Ohtani H. , Yamazaki S. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA 2.6‐inch TFT‐LCD with 1920 × 1080 pixels which conforms to full advanced TV (ATV) format has been developed. An 8‐bit digital data driver with digital‐to‐analog converters (DACs), which can realize 256 level gray scale, has been integrated in monolithic driver. In addition, the circuit using the high mobility and low threshold voltage TFTs can operate directly on 80 MHz digital video data with 5 V supply voltage.
41.1: A Super‐High Image Quality Multi‐Domain Vertical Alignment LCD by New Rubbing‐Less Technology
Authors: Takeda A. , Kataoka S. , Sasaki T. , Chida H. , Tsuda H. , Ohmuro K. , Sasabayashi T. , Koike Y. , Okamoto K. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAn MVA‐LCD (multi‐domain vertical alignment LCD) that provides super‐high image quality has been developed by newly introduced rubbing‐less technology. A newly introduced “protrusion” designed on the TFT substrates and on the color filter substrates automatically controls the directors of the LC molecules. By this technology we have successively developed four‐domain 15″ MVA‐TFT units that provide extremely wide viewing angle of more than 160 degrees, a high contrast ratio of 300:1 or more and a fast response of less than 25ms.
41.2: Wide‐Viewing‐Angle Polymer Stabilized Homeotropically Aligned (PSHA) LCD
Authors: Wei C.‐K. , Lu Y.‐H. , Kuo C.‐L. , Liu C.‐Y. , Liu H.‐D. , Chang W.‐C. , Huang H.‐P. , Cheng C.‐M. , Yan D.‐C. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA homeotropic LCD using polymer stabilization and gibbous boundaries has been developed. Multi‐domain structures are created by using specially designed pixel boundaries and polymer network. Hence, the rubbing process is no longer employed. This display has demonstrated excellent properties of wide viewing angle and fast response.
41.3: New LCD Modes for Wide‐Viewing‐Angle Applications
Authors: Kim K.‐H. , Park S.‐B. , Shim J.‐U. , Souk J.‐H. , Chen J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTwo novel liquid crystal display modes are proposed for wide viewing angle applications. One is named as “electrically‐induced optical compensation (EOC) mode”. It adopts the homeotropic alignment, positive dielectric liquid crystal as well as self domain divided method. The other is named as “Reverse Twisted Hybrid Aligned Nematic(RT HAN) mode” in which the IPS panel structure plus the hybrid LC mode is used. The display principle as well as the performance measured from real displays will be presented.
42.2: A New Conductor Structure for Plastic LCD Applications Utilizing “All Dry” Digital Laser Patterning
Authors: Chu P. Y. Z. , Choi H. C. , Heath L. S. , Ko C. S. , Mack J. , Nagarkar P. , Richard J. , Smyth W. , Wang T. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA new conductor material has been developed for plastic film LCD applications. This highly durable conductor has very low sheet resistance (under 10 ohms/square), high optical transmission (over 83%), low birefringence (less than 10 nm), good chemical resistance, very low oxygen & moisture permeability, and excellent thermal and environmental stability. An “all dry” digital laser ablation process was also developed for patterning the conductors.
42.3: Development of a New HDP Source for LCD Etching Process
Authors: Takei H. , Kawamura H. , Ohta Y. , Gardner R. 
Published: January 2005

ABSTRACTThe new HDP (High Density Plasma) source with unique concept has been developed for large area etching process in the field of LCD application. Dual frequency excited plasma (DFEP) was employed and high rate etching performance such as 280nm/min of ITO and 1.7 μ m/min. Of photo resist was confirmed. This HDP source technique has flexibility to be applied for larger substrate.
43.1: A Simple Vision Model for Inhomogeneous Image‐Quality Assessment
Authors: Ahumada A. J. , Beard B. L. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe single filter model for image quality assessment previously presented at this meeting breaks down when the image luminance or masking contrast energy varies spatially within the image. A slightly more complex version of the single filter model is presented which allows for these inhomogeneities.
43.2: Visual Scaling of Image Quality for CRT Displays
Authors: Kusunoki Tsuneo , Berns Roy S. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTwo computer‐controlled monitors with different peak luminances and faceplate reflectances, but with identical calculated contrast, were evaluated visually to determine which had higher perceived contrast and which was preferred. The results of the visual experiment indicated that photometric‐based contrast measurements did not predict perceived contrast whereas monitor peak luminance was more closely correlated. Also, there was no significant difference in visual preference between the two monitors.
44.2L: Multi‐Domain Vertically Aligned Mode
Authors: Konovalov V. A. , Muravski A. A. , Timofeev C. N. , Yakovenko S. Ye 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe considered electrooptical properties of twisted and non‐twisted vertically aligned (VA) nematic liquid crystals with the main aim to improve their viewing angle, response speed and brightness. Several modes appropriate for applications in multi‐domain and amorphous VA textures are outlined. A new method to obtain multi‐domain homeotropic alignment is developed and electrooptic properties of experimental samples are investigated.