bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rewritable Photoluminescence and Structural Color Display for Dual‐Responsive Optical Encryption
Authors: Han Hyowon , Oh Jin Woo , Lee Hyeokjung , Lee Seokyeong , Mun Seungsoo , Jeon Seungbae , Kim Dongjun , Jang Jihye , Jiang Wei , Kim Taebin , Jeong Beomjin , Kim Jiwon , Ryu Du Yeol , Park Cheolmin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOptical encryption using coloration and photoluminescent (PL) materials can provide highly secure data protection with direct and intuitive identification of encrypted information. Encryption capable of independently controlling wavelength‐tunable coloration as well as variable light intensity PL is not adequately demonstrated yet. Herein, a rewritable PL and structural color (SC) display suitable for dual‐responsive optical encryption developed with a stimuli‐responsive SC of a block copolymer (BCP) photonic crystal (PC) with alternating in‐plane lamellae, of which a variety of 3D and 2D perovskite nanocrystals is preferentially self‐assembled with characteristic PL, is presented. The SC of a BCP PC is controlled in the visible range with different perovskite precursor doping times. The perovskite nanocrystals developed in the BCP PC are highly luminescent, with a PL quantum yield of ≈33.7%, yielding environmentally stable SC and PL dual‐mode displays. The independently programmed SC and PL information is erasable and rewritable. Dual‐responsive optical encryption is demonstrated, in which true Morse code information is deciphered only when the information encoded by SCs is properly combined with PL information. Numerous combinations of SC and PL realize high security level of data anticounterfeiting. This dual‐mode encryption display offers novel optical encryption with high information security and anti‐counterfeiting.
Inter‐ and Intra‐Device Variation and Correlation of Hyperfine Interactions in Micron‐Scale Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Mena A. , Geng R. , Pappas W. J. , Maasoumi F. , McCamey D. R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe spin‐dependent properties of opto‐electronic devices, such as sensors, displays, and photovoltaics, are a key contributor to performance metrics such as sensitivity and efficiency. As these devices are pushed to smaller scales, an understanding of how the microscopic variations in their spin‐dependent properties impact the macroscopic scale is becoming increasingly important. In this study, the hyperfine interactions of charge carriers are investigated within a series of co‐polymer thin‐film organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), with each set of devices having a different physical size. Using spatially resolved measurements, significant variation in hyperfine interactions within microscopic thin‐film OLEDs is found. The domain size of spatially correlated hyperfine regions is characterized within these devices, finding characteristic scales of several microns. Finally, multiple device averaged magneto‐electroluminescence (MEL) responses from arrays of identical devices are simultaneously measured, to probe the influence of microscopic variation on the macroscopic hyperfine properties. It is found that smaller devices typically display a smaller device‐averaged hyperfine interaction. These findings shed light on the importance of spin dynamics in optoelectronic devices and provide insights for improving their performance.
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Mediate SiRNA Delivery for Long‐Term Multi‐Gene Silencing in Intact Plants
Authors: Cai Yao , Liu Zhujiang , Wang Hang , Meng Huan , Cao Yuhong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool for understanding and manipulating signaling pathways in plant science, potentially facilitating the accelerated development of novel plant traits and crop yield improvement. The common strategy for delivering siRNA into intact plants using agrobacterium or viruses is complicated and time‐consuming, limiting the application of RNAi in plant research. Here, a novel delivery method based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) is reported, which allows for the efficient delivery of siRNA into mature plant leaves via topical application without the aid of mechanical forces, achieving transient gene knockdown with up to 98% silencing efficiency at the molecular level. In addition, this method is nontoxic to plant leaves, enabling the repeated delivery of siRNA for long‐term silencing. White spots and yellowing phenotypes are observed after spraying the MSN‐siRNA complex targeted at phytoene desaturase and magnesium chelatase genes. After high light treatment, photobleaching phenotypes are also observed by spraying MSNs‐siRNA targeted at genes into the Photosystem II repair cycle. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that MSNs can simultaneously silence multiple genes. The results suggest that MSN‐mediated siRNA delivery is an effective tool for long‐term multi‐gene silencing, with great potential for application in plant functional genomic analyses and crop improvement.
Actin‐templated Structures: Nature's Way to Hierarchical Surface Patterns (Gecko's Setae as Case Study)
Authors: Kasper Jennifer Y. , Laschke Matthias W. , Koch Marcus , Alibardi Lorenzo , Magin Thomas , Niessen Carien M. , del Campo Aránzazu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe hierarchical design of the toe pad surface in geckos and its reversible adhesiveness have inspired material scientists for many years. Micro‐ and nano‐patterned surfaces with impressive adhesive performance have been developed to mimic gecko's properties. While the adhesive performance achieved in some examples has surpassed living counterparts, the durability of the fabricated surfaces is limited and the capability to self‐renew and restore function—inherent to biological systems—is unimaginable. Here the morphogenesis of gecko setae using skin samples from the Bibron´s gecko (Chondrodactylus bibronii) is studied. Gecko setae develop as specialized apical differentiation structures at a distinct cell–cell layer interface within the skin epidermis. A primary role for F‐actin and microtubules as templating structural elements is necessary for the development of setae's hierarchical morphology, and a stabilization role of keratins and corneus beta proteins is identified. Setae grow from single cells in a bottom layer protruding into four neighboring cells in the upper layer. The resulting multicellular junction can play a role during shedding by facilitating fracture of the cell–cell interface and release of the high aspect ratio setae. The results contribute to the understanding of setae regeneration and may inspire future concepts to bioengineer self‐renewable patterned adhesive surfaces.
Unbiased Single‐Cell Sequencing of Hematopoietic and Immune Cells from Aplastic Anemia Reveals the Contributors of Hematopoiesis Failure and Dysfunctional Immune Regulation
Authors: Guo Rongqun , Kong Jingjing , Tang Ping , Wang Shuya , Sang Lina , Liu Liu , Guo Rong , Yan Ketai , Qi Mochu , Bian Zhilei , Song Yongping , Jiang Zhongxing , Li Yingmei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAplastic anemia (AA) is a bone marrow (BM) failure syndrome mediated by hyperactivated T‐cells with heterogeneous pathogenic factors. The onset of BM failure cannot be accurately determined in humans; therefore, exact pathogenesis remains unclear. In this study, a cellular atlas and microenvironment interactions is established using unbiased single‐cell RNA‐seq, along with multi‐omics analyses (mass cytometry, cytokine profiling, and oxidized fatty acid metabolomics). A new KIR+CD8+ regulatory T cells (Treg) subset is identified in patients with AA that engages in immune homeostasis. Conventional CD4+ T‐cells differentiate into highly differentiated T helper cells with type 2 cytokines (IL‐4, IL‐6, and IL‐13), GM‐SCF, and IL‐1β. Immunosuppressive homeostasis is impaired by enhanced apoptosis of activated Treg cells. Pathological Vδ1 cells dominated the main fraction of γδ T‐cells. The B/plasma, erythroid, and myeloid lineages also exhibit substantial pathological features. Interactions between TNFSF12‐TNFRSF12A, TNF‐TNFRSF1A, and granzyme‐gasdermin are associated with the cell death of hematopoietic stem/progenitor (HSPCs), Treg, and early erythroid cells. Ferroptosis, a major driver of HSPCs destruction, is identified in patients with AA. Furthermore, a case of twins with AA is reported to enhance the persuasiveness of the analysis. These results collectively constitute the cellular atlas and microenvironment interactions in patients with AA and provide novel insights into the development of new therapeutic opportunities.
Enzymatically Bioactive Nucleus Pulposus Matrix Hydrogel Microspheres for Exogenous Stem Cells Therapy and Endogenous Repair Strategy to Achieve Disc Regeneration
Authors: Peng Yizhong , Chen Xuanzuo , Zhang Qimin , Liu Sheng , Wu Wei , Li Kanglu , Lin Hui , Qing Xiangcheng , Xiao Yan , Wang BaiChuan , Quan Daping , Feng Shiqing , Rao Zilong , Bai Ying , Shao Zengwu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractExogenous stem cell therapy and endogenous repair has shown great potential in intervertebral disc regeneration. However, limited nutrients and accumulation of lactate largely impair the survival and regenerative capacity of implanted stem cells and endogenous nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). Herein, an injectable hydrogel microsphere (LMGDNPs) have been developed by immersing lactate oxidase (LOX)‐manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanozyme (LM) into glucose‐enriched decellularized nucleus pulposus hydrogel microspheres (GDNPs) through a microfluidic system. LMGDNPs showed a delayed release profile of LOX and satisfactory enzymatic capacity in consuming lactate. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) plated on LMGDNPs exhibited better cell viability than cells on GelMA and decellularized nucleus pulposus microspheres (DNP) and showed a obviously increased NPCs phenotype. LMGDNPs prevented MSCs and NPCs death and promoted extracellular matrix synthesis by exhausting lactate. It is determined that LMGDNPs promoted NPCs autophagy by activating transforming growth factor β2 overlapping transcript 1 (TGFB2‐OT1), relying on the nanozyme. MSCs‐loaded LMGDNPs largely preserved disc hydration and alleviated matrix degradation in vivo. Summarily, LMGDNPs promoted cell survival and matrix regeneration by providing a nutrient supply, exhausting lactate, and activating autophagy via TGFB2‐OT1 and its downstream pathway and may serve as an ideal delivery system for exogenous stem cell therapy and endogenous repair.
Targeting the cGAS‐STING Pathway Inhibits Peripheral T‐cell Lymphoma Progression and Enhances the Chemotherapeutic Efficacy
Authors: Lu Xueying , Wang Shunan , Hua Xin , Chen Xiao , Zhan Mengtao , Hu Qiaoyun , Cao Lei , Wu Zijuan , Zhang Wei , Zuo Xiaoling , Gui Renfu , Fan Lei , Li Jianyong , Shi Wenyu , Jin Hui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPeripheral T‐cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a highly heterogeneous group of mature T‐cell malignancies. The efficacy of current first‐line treatment is dismal, and novel agents are urgently needed to improve patient outcomes. A close association between the cyclic GMP‐AMP synthase‐stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS‐STING) pathway and tumor promotion exists, revealing prospective therapeutic targets. This study, investigates the role of the cGAS‐STING pathway and its underlying mechanisms in PTCL progression. Single‐cell RNA sequencing showes that the cGAS‐STING pathway is highly expressed and closely associated with PTCL proliferation. cGAS inhibition suppresses tumor growth and impaires DNA damage repair. Moreover, Cdc2‐like kinase 1 (CLK1) is critical for residual tumor cell survival after treatment with cGAS inhibitors, and CLK1 suppression enhances sensitivity to cGAS inhibitors. Single‐cell dynamic transcriptomic analysis indicates reduced proliferation‐associated nascent RNAs as the underlying mechanism. In first‐line therapy, chemotherapy‐triggered DNA damage activates the cGAS‐STING pathway, and cGAS inhibitors can synergize with chemotherapeutic agents to kill tumors. The cGAS‐STING pathway is oncogenic in PTCL, whereas targeting cGAS suppresses tumor growth, and CLK1 may be a sensitivity indicator for cGAS inhibitors. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for optimizing therapeutic strategies for PTCL, especially in patients with relapsed/refractory disease.
Inverse‐Perovskite Ba3BO (B = Si and Ge) as a High Performance Environmentally Benign Thermoelectric Material with Low Lattice Thermal Conductivity
Authors: He Xinyi , Kimura Shigeru , Katase Takayoshi , Tadano Terumasa , Matsuishi Satoru , Minohara Makoto , Hiramatsu Hidenori , Kumigashira Hiroshi , Hosono Hideo , Kamiya Toshio 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHigh energy‐conversion efficiency (ZT) of thermoelectric materials has been achieved in heavy metal chalcogenides, but the use of toxic Pb or Te is an obstacle for wide applications of thermoelectricity. Here, high ZT is demonstrated in toxic‐element free Ba3BO (B = Si and Ge) with inverse‐perovskite structure. The negatively charged B ion contributes to hole transport with long carrier life time, and their highly dispersive bands with multiple valley degeneracy realize both high p‐type electronic conductivity and high Seebeck coefficient, resulting in high power factor (PF). In addition, extremely low lattice thermal conductivities (κlat) 1.0–0.4 W m−1 K−1 at T = 300–600 K are observed in Ba3BO. Highly distorted O–Ba6 octahedral framework with weak ionic bonds between Ba with large mass and O provides low phonon velocities and strong phonon scattering in Ba3BO. As a consequence of high PF and low κlat, Ba3SiO (Ba3GeO) exhibits rather high ZT = 0.16–0.84 (0.35–0.65) at T = 300–623 K (300–523 K). Finally, based on first‐principles carrier and phonon transport calculations, maximum ZT is predicted to be 2.14 for Ba3SiO and 1.21 for Ba3GeO at T = 600 K by optimizing hole concentration. Present results propose that inverse‐perovskites would be a new platform of environmentally‐benign high‐ZT thermoelectric materials.
An Infrared Near‐Sensor Reservoir Computing System Based on Large‐Dynamic‐Space Memristor with Tens of Thousands of States for Dynamic Gesture Perception
Authors: Wang Jiejun , Pan Xinqiang , Zhao Zebin , Xie Yiduo , Luo Wenbo , Xie Qin , Zeng Huizhong , Shuai Yao , Song Zeqian , Wu Chuangui , Zhang Wanli 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo efficiently process the massive amount of sensor data, it is demanding to develop a new paradigm. Inspired by neurobiological systems, an infrared near‐senor reservoir computing (RC) system, consisting of infrared sensors and memristors based on single‐crystalline LiTaO3 and LiNbO3 (LN) thin film respectively, is demonstrated. The analog memristor is used as a reservoir in the RC system to process sensor signals with spatiotemporal characteristics. LN crystal structure stacked with oxygen octahedra provides favorable conditions for reliable Mott variable‐range hopping conduction, which provides the memristor with tens of thousands of reservoir states within a large dynamic range. With the characteristics, the analog sensor signals with high data fidelity can be directly fed to the memristive reservoir, and the spatiotemporal features can be separated and mapped. The system demonstrated a dynamic gesture perception task, achieving an accuracy of 99.6%, which highlights the great application potential of the memristor in signal sensor processing and will advance the application of artificial intelligence in sensor systems. Crystal ion slicing techniques are used to fabricate a single‐crystalline thin film for both the memristor and sensor, which opens up the possibility of realizing monolithic integration of a memristor‐based near‐sensor computing system.
Structure‐Function Relationship of Highly Reactive CuOx Clusters on Co3O4 for Selective Formaldehyde Sensing at Low Temperatures
Authors: D'Andria Matteo , Krumeich Frank , Yao Zhangyi , Wang Feng Ryan , Güntner Andreas T. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDesigning reactive surface clusters at the nanoscale on metal‐oxide supports enables selective molecular interactions in low‐temperature catalysis and chemical sensing. Yet, finding effective material combinations and identifying the reactive site remains challenging and an obstacle for rational catalyst/sensor design. Here, the low‐temperature oxidation of formaldehyde with CuOx clusters on Co3O4 nanoparticles is demonstrated yielding an excellent sensor for this critical air pollutant. When fabricated by flame‐aerosol technology, such CuOx clusters are finely dispersed, while some Cu ions are incorporated into the Co3O4 lattice enhancing thermal stability. Importantly, infrared spectroscopy of adsorbed CO, near edge X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and temperature‐programmed reduction in H2 identified Cu+ and Cu2+ species in these clusters as active sites. Remarkably, the Cu+ surface concentration correlated with the apparent activation energy of formaldehyde oxidation (Spearman's coefficient ρ = 0.89) and sensor response (0.96), rendering it a performance descriptor. At optimal composition, such sensors detected even the lowest formaldehyde levels of 3 parts‐per‐billion (ppb) at 75°C, superior to state‐of‐the‐art sensors. Also, selectivity to other aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, and inorganic compounds, robustness to humidity and stable performance over 4 weeks are achieved, rendering such sensors promising as gas detectors in health monitoring, air and food quality control.
Conjugated Polyimidazole Nanoparticles as Biodegradable Electrode Materials for Organic Batteries
Authors: Schuster Philipp A. , Uhl Matthias , Kissmann Ann‐Kathrin , Jansen Felicitas , Geng Tanja , Ceblin Maximilian U. , Spiewok Sarah , Rosenau Frank , Jacob Timo , Kuehne Alexander J. C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractConjugated polymers are promising active materials for batteries. Batteries not only need to have high energy density but should also combine safe handling with recyclability or biodegradability after reaching their end‐of‐life. Here, π‐conjugated polyimidazole particles are developed, which are prepared using atom economic direct arylation adapted to a dispersion polymerization protocol. The synthesis yields polyimidazole nanoparticles of tunable size and narrow dispersity. In addition, the degree of crosslinking of the polymer particles can be controlled. It is demonstrated that the polyimidazole nanoparticles can be processed together with carbon black and biodegradable carboxymethyl cellulose binder as an active material for organic battery electrodes. Electrochemical characterization shows that a higher degree of crosslinking significantly improves the electrochemical performance and leads to clearer oxidation and reduction signals of the polymer. Polyimidazole as part of the composite electrode shows complete degradation by exposure to composting bacteria over the course of 72 h.
Long Cycle Life Rechargeable Moisture‐Enabled Electricity Cell
Authors: Shi Mengfan , Yang Ya'nan , Han Yuyang , Wang Jiaqi , Wang Ying , Li Dan , Lv Jinsheng , Wu Wenpeng , Wang Zhenglin , Wei Xiaoyan , Chen Nan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMoisture‐enabled electricity generation (MEG) is a prominent renewable energy harvesting technology in hydrovoltaic power generation, boasting the broadest energy harvesting spectrum. However, practical application faces limitations due to irreversible performance degradation caused by structural changes and moisture‐generated carrier (MGC) losses in Moisture‐enabled electricity (ME) materials, rendering them non‐renewable. This study introduces a rechargeable moisture‐enabled electricity cell (rMEC) based on dual ME functional layers and active metal electrodes. The rMEC demonstrates outstanding power generation performance, with a single cell providing an output voltage of 1.08 V and a power density of 5.83 µW cm−2 through redox assistance. Moreover, it can be recharged when MGCs are lost, utilizing the reversibility of the redox reaction (moisture of H2O2 solution) for self‐repair. Notebly, the rMEC maintains stable operation for over 2080 h and undergoes 100 charging/working cycles, marking the longest span life record in MEG research history. When exposed to industrial wastewater/gases with oxidation characteristics, the rMEC not only completes charging but also facilitates the reuse of toxic waste resources. The environmentally friendly rMEC, with its long cycle life, significantly overcomes the limitations of non‐renewable ME materials, serving as a paradigm for promoting iterative upgrades in MEG technology.
Involvement of single nucleotide polymorphisms of junction adhesion molecule with small vessel vascular dementia
Authors: Xie Peter , Kancherla Kiran , Chandramohan Sashiruben , Braidy Nady , Chan Eunice Kar Wing , Xu Ying Hua , Chan Daniel K. Y. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesIt is now recognized that blood brain barrier (BBB) leakage occurs in cerebral small vascular disease (CSVD) and plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of vascular dementia. We hypothesized that genetic polymorphisms of junctional adhesion molecule‐A (JAM‐A) (which may result in compromised structure of tight junction proteins that form the BBB) in combination with cerebrovascular risk factors hypertension, lipid disorders, and type 2 diabetes may result in BBB leakage and increase the individual's risk of CSVD‐related dementia.MethodsIn this case–control study, 97 controls with a mean Mini‐Mental State Exam (MMSE) score of 29 and 38 CSVD‐related vascular dementia participants (mean MMSE score of 19) were recruited. Bloods were collected for the analysis of two common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the JAM‐A genotypes rs790056 and rs2481084 using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Medical history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes was collected for all participants.ResultsPolymorphisms of genotype JAM‐A SNP rs790056 showed statistically significant result when the subgroup with hyperlipidemia was analyzed (OR = 3.130, p = 0.042 for TC + CC genotypes with hyperlipidaemia vs controls). Similar result was found with diabetes (OR = 4.670, p = 0.031 for TC + CC genotypes vs controls). No significant result was found with hypertension. Borderline results of statistical significance were found for JAM‐A SNP rs2481084 with hyperlipidemia (OR = 3.210, p = 0.054 for TC + CC genotypes vs controls) and with diabetes (OR = 3.620, p = 0.069 for TC + CC genotypes vs controls) but not for hypertension. The borderline results might have been due to lack of statistical power because of small sample size.ConclusionsThese results lend further support that cerebrovascular risk factors interact with genetic polymorphisms of BBB proteins to increase the risk of vascular dementia.
Early biomarkers of vascular brain dysfunction
Authors: Elahi Fanny M 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is a major cause of brain degeneration and dementia for which we have no therapies. My lab applies new molecular omics technology to human biospecimen for an initial unbiased approach to discovery of clinically‐relevant dysregulated molecular pathways in humans living with disease. A major obstacle is lack of in vivo gold standards. As such, we have focused our efforts on an autosomal dominant form of disease–CADASIL (Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy) caused by mutations in NOTCH3. Given its autosomal dominant nature, CADASIL provides a unique opportunity to build an all‐in‐human modeling pipeline for discovery of biomarkers and therapeutics for VCID. We take a systems biology approach, using brain tissue, plasma and patient‐derived stem cells to model disease and uncover biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets. We then perform cross‐disease comparisons with other cSVD subtypes, such as hypertensive cSVD and Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy to identify shared pathologies. Finally, we investigate the relevance of uncovered molecular pathways to brain dysfunction and degeneration in prevalent neurodegenerative disease syndromes such as AD, FTD, and PD.