bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lignin-based porous carbon for efficient hydrogen storage
Authors: Beak Soyoung , Kim Eunji , Kim Kwang Soo , Bae Jiyeol 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The intermittent nature of renewable energy generation and the need for energy storage and transportation systems pose considerable challenges to the widespread adoption of hydrogen-based technologies. Producing good hydrogen adsorbents and the efficient storage and transportation of hydrogen are critical for enabling the widespread adoption and utilization of hydrogen as a clean fuel. This study aims to synthesize renewable carbon materials from lignin waste to adsorb hydrogen gas. To this end, lignin-derived porous carbon materials are chemically activated with chemical activators (KOH, NaOH, and ZnCl2). The specific surface area of the raw lignin increased from 0.9 m2 g–1 to a maximum of 2049 m2 g–1 with a pore volume of 0.95 cm3 g–1. At a KOH/lignin ratio of 3, the proposed material adsorbs hydrogen up to 2.42 wt.% at 1 bar and 77 K because of the highly microporous carbons and the major pore size distribution of ~ 0.6 nm. This is attributed to hydrogen adsorption achieved by enhancing the van der Waals forces between hydrogen molecules and the large surface area of the micropores. Further, this paper discusses factors that affect hydrogen uptake based on the characteristics of the developed materials. These findings indicate that hydrogen adsorbents produced using lignin biomass have the potential to be an effective alternative for hydrogen storage and transportation because they are not only cost-effective and eco-friendly, but also more capable than the existing materials.
Factors associated with bacterial sexually transmitted infection screening uptake and diagnosis among men who have sex with men in France
Authors: KOUNTA Cheick Haïballa , CHAZELLE Emilie , OUSSEINE Youssoufa M. , LOT Florence , VELTER Annie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
The prevalence of syphilis, Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) in men who have sex with men (MSM) is very high. As these bacterial sexually transmitted infections (bSTIs) are frequently asymptomatic, they are often undiagnosed and therefore untreated. We aimed to characterize the profile of MSM who reported bSTI screening and diagnosis in the previous 12 months, and to identify the factors associated with a diagnosis of a bSTI among MSM in France.
Methods
We used data from Enquête Rapport au Sexe (ERAS), a large French national anonymous cross-sectional online survey among MSM conducted from 26 February to 11 April 2021. After comparing MSM screened and diagnosed in the previous year with those who were not, a binary logistic regression model was used to compare MSM diagnosed with at least one bSTI with those who were not.
Results
Of the 13 300 survey respondents, 6 263 (47.1%) MSM reported screening for at least one bSTI in the previous 12 months. Of these, 1 060 (16.9%) were diagnosed for at least one bSTI during their most recent screening. Specifically, 446 (7.1%) MSM were diagnosed with NG, 427 (6.8%) with CT, and 402 (6.4%) for syphilis. The following self-reported factors were associated with a greater likelihood of bSTI diagnosis: younger age, a lower educational level, frequenting MSM meeting places, not currently using pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) but willing to take preventive treatment against bSTIs, low health literacy, more than one sexual male partner, practicing chemsex, and condomless anal intercourse with casual male partners (the latter three factors concerning the previous six months).
Conclusions
A large proportion of MSM were diagnosed for at least one bSTI. This result provides an insight into bSTI screening uptake and diagnosis among MSM in France, and could inform future decisions about how to plan effective bSTI screening and diagnosis programs for this population.
IFIH1 loss-of-function predisposes to inflammatory and SARS-CoV-2-related infectious diseases
Authors: Najm Rania , Yavuz Lemis , Jain Ruchi , Naofal Maha El , Ramaswamy Sathishkumar , Abuhammour Walid , Loney Tom , Nowotny Norbert , Alsheikh-Ali Alawi , Tayoun Ahmad Abou , Kandasamy Richard 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The IFIH1 gene, encoding melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), is an indispensable innate immune regulator involved in the early detection of viral infections. Previous studies described MDA5 dysregulation linking it to weakened immunological responses, and increased susceptibility to microbial infections and autoimmune disorders. Monoallelic gain-of-function of the IFIH1 gene has been associated with multisystem disorders, namely Aicardi-Goutieres and Singleton-Merten syndromes, while biallelic loss of this gene causes immunodeficiency. In this study, nine patients suffering from different cases of recurrent infections, inflammatory diseases, severe COVID-19, or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) were identified with putative loss-of-function IFIH1 variants by whole exome sequencing. All patients revealed signs of lymphopenia and an increase in inflammatory markers, including CRP, amyloid A, ferritin, and IL-6. One patient with a pathogenic homozygous variant c.2807 + 1G > A was the most severe case showing immunodeficiency and glomerulonephritis. The c.1641 + 1G > C variant was identified in the heterozygous state in patients suffering from periodic fever, COVID-19, or MIS-C, while the c.2016delA variant was identified in two patients with inflammatory bowel disease or MIS-C. Expression analysis showed that PBMCs of one patient with a c.2016delA variant had a significant decrease in ISG15, IFNA and IFNG transcript levels, compared to normal PBMCs, upon stimulation with Poly(I:C), suggesting that MDA5 receptor truncation disrupts the immune response. Our findings accentuate the implication of rare monogenic IFIH1 loss-of-function variants in altering the immune response, and severely predisposing patients to inflammatory and infectious diseases, including SARS-CoV-2 related disorders.
Clinical Text Summarization: Adapting Large Language Models Can Outperform Human Experts
Authors: Veen Dave Van , Uden Cara Van , Blankemeier Louis , Delbrouck Jean-Benoit , Aali Asad , Bluethgen Christian , Pareek Anuj , Polacin Malgorzata , Reis Eduardo Pontes , Seehofnerova Anna , Rohatgi Nidhi , Hosamani Poonam , Collins William , Ahuja Neera , Langlotz Curtis , Hom Jason , Gatidis Sergios , Pauly John , Chaudhari Akshay 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Sifting through vast textual data and summarizing key information from electronic health records (EHR) imposes a substantial burden on how clinicians allocate their time. Although large language models (LLMs) have shown immense promise in natural language processing (NLP) tasks, their efficacy on a diverse range of clinical summarization tasks has not yet been rigorously demonstrated. In this work, we apply domain adaptation methods to eight LLMs, spanning six datasets and four distinct clinical summarization tasks: radiology reports, patient questions, progress notes, and doctor-patient dialogue. Our thorough quantitative assessment reveals trade-offs between models and adaptation methods in addition to instances where recent advances in LLMs may not improve results. Further, in a clinical reader study with ten physicians, we show that summaries from our best-adapted LLMs are preferable to human summaries in terms of completeness and correctness. Our ensuing qualitative analysis highlights challenges faced by both LLMs and human experts. Lastly, we correlate traditional quantitative NLP metrics with reader study scores to enhance our understanding of how these metrics align with physician preferences. Our research marks the first evidence of LLMs outperforming human experts in clinical text summarization across multiple tasks. This implies that integrating LLMs into clinical workflows could alleviate documentation burden, empowering clinicians to focus more on personalized patient care and the inherently human aspects of medicine.
Assessing Health Risks of Trace Elements in Portunus segnis from Northern Tunisian Lagoons
Authors: Ennouri Rym , Bejaoui Safa , Ghribi Feriel , belhassen Dalya , Soudani Nejla , MILI Sami 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The current study examined the concentrations of eight trace elements (TE) (nickel, aluminum, copper, cadmium, lead, cobalt, chromium, and zinc) in the edible tissue of the invasive blue swimming crab Portunus segnis from two southern Mediterranean lagoons, Bizerte Lagoon (BL) and Ghar El-Melh Lagoon (GML), in the years 2020–2021. The highest TE concentrations in P. segnis muscular tissue of crabs from both lagoons were recorded during the summer. The levels of TE analyzed in P. segnis and the parameters used to assess the potential human risk, estimated daily intake, target hazard quotient and target cancer risk were all below the thresholds defined for human health safety. As a result, we can affirm that P. segnis figures as a secure shellfish product that is suitable for human consumption in Tunisia. The present study provides potential for improving awareness of this seafood product within Tunisia's food industry. Additionally, it offers fundamental insights to lay the groundwork for forthcoming studies on environmental assessments.
Development and in vivo evaluation of atomoxetine hydrochloride ODMTs in a nicotine-induced attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) model in rats
Authors: ATALAY Ozbeyen , OZYILMAZ Emine Dilek , ONAL Deniz , PEHLIVANOGLU Bilge , COMOGLU Tansel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The study aimed to evaluate in vitro and in vivo oral rapid mini tablets containing atomoxetine hydrochloride (ATO), developed for children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity (ADHD). An inclusion complex of ATO with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was prepared to mask the bitter taste of ATO and make it suitable for oral administration to children. ODMTs were administered to ADHD mice born from nicotine-administered mother mice during pregnancy and lactation, allowing the assessment of their efficacy in vivo setting. Results obtained from the open field test, new object recognition test, and Barnes maze test revealed that the ODMT formulation containing ATO-β-CD inclusion complexes exhibited potential as an alternative to the capsule form of ATO. As a conclusion, factorial experimental design was employed in the preparation of ATO-β-CD complexes and ODMTs, and the experimental animals were subjected to hyperactivity induced by nicotine, thereby providing a distinct context in which the developed ODMT formulation was evaluated.
MIR4435-2HG as a Novel Predictive Biomarker of Chemotherapy Response and Death in Pediatric B-cell All
Authors: Torres-Llanos Yulieth , Zabaleta Jovanny , Cruz-Rodriguez Nataly , Quijano Sandra , Guzmán Paula , Reyes Iliana De los , Poveda-Garavito Nathaly , Infante Ana , Lopez Liliana , Combita Alba Lucía 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Although B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-cell ALL) survival rates have improved in recent years, Hispanic children continue to have poorer survival rates. There are few tools available to identify from the time of diagnosis whether the patient will respond to induction therapy. Our objective was to identify predictive biomarkers of treatment response, which could also serve as prognostic biomarkers of relapse and death, by identifying methylated and differentially expressed genes between patients with positive minimal residual disease (MRD+) and negative minimal residual disease (MRD-).
Methods
Tumor blasts were separated by immunomagnetic column and subsequently DNA and RNA were extracted. DNA methylation and mRNA sequencing assays were performed on 19 bone marrows from Hispanic children with B-cell ALL. Partek Flow was used for transcript mapping and quantification, followed by differential expression analysis using DEseq2. DNA methylation analyses were performed with Partek Genomic Suite and Genome Studio. Gene expression and differential methylation were compared between patients with MRD- and MRD + at day 15 and at the end of induction chemotherapy. Overexpressed and hypomethylated genes were selected and validated by RT-qPCR in samples of validation cohort. The predictive ability of the genes was assessed by logistic regression. Survival and Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the association of genes with death. The association of genes with relapse was assessed by RT-qPCR in relapsed patient samples and validated using TARGET-PANCER data.
Results
DAPK1, CNKSR3, MIR4435-HG2, CTHRC1, NPDC1, SLC45A3, ITGA6, and ASCL2 were overexpressed and hypomethylated in MRD + patients. The overexpression of DAPK1, ASCL2, SCL45A3, NPDC1 and ITGA6 can predict non-response at day 15 and refractoriness. Additionally, higher expression of MIR4435-2HG increases the probability of non-response, death, and the risk of death. MIR4435-2HG is also overexpressed in relapse samples. Finally, MIR4435-2HG overexpression, together with MRD+, are associated with poorer survival, and together with overexpression of DAPK1 and ASCL2, it could improve the risk classification of patients with normal karyotype.
Conclusions
MIR4435-2HG is a potential predictive and prognosis biomarker in children with B-cell ALL.
Depiction of Aquifer plausible zones and protective capacity using hydraulic parameters in Modomo/Kajola, Ile-Ife, Southwestern, Nigeria
Authors: Olumurewa Kayode Oladele , Adenika Charles Itunu , Ariyibi Emmanuel Abiodun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

This study is intended at depicting the aquifer plausible zones in Modomo/Kajola, Ile-Ife using Dar Zarrouk parameters. The study area is situated amid latitudes 830,00–830,500 mN and longitudes 663,500–664,000 mE, overlying pegmatite and granite gneiss in the basement complex terrain. Twenty-eight (28) Schlumberger-array vertical electric soundings (VES) were carried out within the study area with the help of Terrameter SAS 300C. The VES interpretation result reveals three to five geo-electric layers: topsoil, clay/sand/lateritic layer, weathered layer, fractured basement, and fresh basement. The geoelectric sections showed the main aquifers to be unconfined, semi-confined, and confined composed of sandy clay, clayey sand, and sand with different thicknesses (aquifer thickness varying from 3.3 m to 15.8 m with a mean value of 9.9 m). The aquifer hydraulic characteristics show that the longitudinal conductance (L) varies from 0.014 Ωm to 1.000 Ωm with a mean value of 0.132 Ωm, the transverse resistance (T), varies from 677.4 Ωm2 to 6465.7 Ωm2 with a mean value of 2291.2 Ωm2. The Hydraulic conductivity (K) values vary from 29.4 m/day to 126.9 m/day with a mean value of 50.5 m/day. The transmissivity (Tr) values attained at many layers vary from 418.7 m2 /day to 465.1 m2 /day, with a mean value of 449.4 m2 /day. The GSLI values vary from 2.25 to 4.25 with a mean value of 2.9. Three aquifer plausible zones were depicted involving sandy clay, clayey sand, and sand.
PFP-FM: An Accelerated FM-index
Authors: Hong Aaron , Oliva Marco , Köppl Dominik , Bannai Hideo , Boucher Christina , Gagie Travis 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
FM-indexes are a crucial data structure in DNA alignment, but searching with them usually takes at least one random access per character in the query pattern. Ferragina and Fischer observed in 2007 that word-based indexes often use fewer random accesses than character-based indexes, and thus support faster searches. Since DNA lacks natural word boundaries, however, it is necessary to parse it somehow before applying word-based FM-indexing. Last year, Deng et al. proposed parsing genomic data by induced suffix sorting and showed the resulting word-based FM-indexes support faster counting queries than standard FM-indexes when patterns are a few thousand characters or longer. In this paper we show that using prefix-free parsing—which takes parameters that let us tune the average length of the phrases—instead of induced suffix sorting, gives a significant speedup for patterns of only a few hundred characters. We implement our method and demonstrate it is between 3 and 18 times faster than competing methods on queries to GRCh38, and is consistently faster on queries made to 25,000, 50,000, and 100,000 SARS-CoV-2 genomes. Hence, it seems our method accelerates the performance of count over all state-of-the-art methods with a minor increase in the memory. The source code for PFP-FM is available at https://github.com/marco-oliva/afm.
Design optimization of a novel symmetrical differential lever displacement magnification compliant mechanism
Authors: Huynh Ngoc Thai , Nguyen Minh Huy , Dinh Le Cao Ky 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Compliant mechanisms with flexure hinges work based on the deformation of a flexure hinge. The high displacement amplification ratio of the compliant mechanism gives it a large working space, an issue that has been challenging to solve for researchers. Therefore, this study proposes grey relational analysis and the TOPSIS method, the EDAS method and the Taguchi method as means of optimising the displacement magnification of a novel symmetrical differential lever displacement magnification compliant mechanism. The model of the mechanism studied here was designed by SolidWorks. The design variables of the model consisted of variable A, variable B, variable C and variable D. The design variables and their levels were used to create 27 different models with Minitab experimental design software. The displacement and stress of the 27 models was then analysed with the finite element method (FEM) in ANSYS. The results of the FEM analysis were used in optimisation with the methods mentioned above. The FEM results indicated that the designed variables significantly affected the displacement and stress of the symmetrical differential lever displacement magnification compliant mechanism. Issues were also confirmed with five optimisation methods. The predicted and optimal values of the displacement were 0.11276 mm and 0.1179 mm, with error of 4.36%. The input displacement was 0.01 mm, while the displacement magnification ratio was 11.79 times.
The relationship of social support to posttraumatic growth in COVID-19 among college students after experiencing campus lockdown: The effects of belief in a just world and meaning in life
Authors: Wu Aoyu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Campus lockdown orders were issued for the purpose of preventing and controlling COVID-19, which resulted in psychological problems among college students. However, the experiences they have during the pandemic may also lead to positive personal changes, including posttraumatic growth (PTG). The current study examined the mediating role of belief in a just world and meaning in life in social support and PTG during the COVID-19 campus lockdown.
Method
An online survey was conducted on 1711 college students in Hebei Province, China. Based on the survey results, a structural equation model was established.
Results
Social support positively predicted PTG. Furthermore, belief in a just world and meaning in life played a mediating role between social support and PTG respectively. Besides, social support could also predict PTG through the multiple serial mediating effect of belief in a just world and meaning in life.
Conclusions
These results indicated mechanisms by which social support influenced PTG, and this provided insights into how to promote post-traumatic growth among university students in the post-pandemic period.
Signal Slice and Tensor-Based Blind Separation of Underdetermined Mixtures
Authors: Luo Weilin , Jin Hongbin , Cheng Wei , Li Hao , Zuo Jiajun , Li Xiaobai 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A novel underdetermined blind separation method is proposed based on signal slice and tensor decomposition to explore effective statistical information and improve separation performance. Firstly, the whitening signal is partitioned into several slices, and the delay covariance matrix of each slice is calculated. These delay covariance matrices are then stacked into third-order tensors and compressed into low-dimensional core tensors using high-order singular value decomposition. Next, the third-order tensors are decomposed using canonical polyadic decomposition through weight nonlinear least square to obtain the mixed matrix. Finally, by leveraging signal independence, a matrix diagonalization method is employed to recover the source signals. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively suppresses the influence of Gaussian noise and improves the estimation accuracy. Moreover, the proposed method achieves superior separation results compared to seven representative approaches.
Estrogens alter epigenetic profile during male germ cell differentiation and histone-to-protamine exchange in mice
Authors: Ded Lukas , Zatecka-Lanska Eva , Vaculikova Eliska , Frolikova Michaela , Sanovec Ondrej , Palenikova Veronika , Simonik Ondrej , Dorosh Andrej , Margaryan Hasmik , Elzeinova Fatima , Kubatova Alena , Peknicova Jana , Paradowska-Dogan Agnieszka , Steger Klaus , Komrskova Katerina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Spermatogenesis starts with the onset of puberty within the seminiferous epithelium of the testes. It is a complex process under intricate control of the endocrine system. Physiological regulation by steroid hormones in general and by estrogens in particular are due to their chemical nature, which is prone to be disrupted by exogenous factors acting as endocrine disruptors (EDs). 17α-Ethynylestradiol (EE2) is an environmental pollutant with a confirmed ED activity and a well-known effect on spermatogenesis and chromatin remodeling in haploid germ cells. The aim of our study was to assess possible effects of two doses (2.5ng/ml; 2.5µg/ml) of EE2 on both histone-to-protamine exchange and epigenetic profiles during spermatogenesis performing a multi/transgenerational study in mice. Our results demonstrated an impaired histone-to-protamine exchange with a significantly higher histone retention in sperm nuclei of exposed animals, when this process was accompanied by the changes of histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) abundancies with a prominent effect on H3K9Ac and partial changes in protamine 1 promoter methylation status. Furthermore, individual changes in molecular phenotypes were partially transmitted to subsequent generations, when no direct trans-generational effect was observed. Finally, the uncovered specific localization of the histone retention in sperm nuclei and their specific PTMs profile after EE2 exposure may indicate an estrogenic effect on sperm motility and early embryonic development via epigenetic mechanisms.
Radical Pair Model for Magnetic Field Effects on NMDA Receptor Activity
Authors: Nair Parvathy S , Zadeh-Haghighi Hadi , Simon Christoph 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor is a prominent player in brain development and functioning. Perturbations to its functioning through external stimuli like magnetic fields can potentially affect the brain in numerous ways. Various studies have shown that magnetic fields of varying strengths affect these receptors. We propose that the radical pair mechanism, a quantum mechanical process, could explain some of these field effects. Radicals of the form [RO● Mg(H2O)n+●], where R is a protein residue that can be Serine or Tyrosine, are considered for this study. The variation in the singlet fractional yield of the radical pairs, as a function of magnetic field strength, is calculated to understand how the magnetic field affects the products of the radical pair reactions. Based on the results, the radical pair mechanism is a likely candidate for explaining the magnetic field effects observed on the receptor activity. The model predicts changes in the behaviour of the system as magnetic field strength is varied and also predicts certain isotope effects. The results further suggest that similar effects on radical pairs could be a plausible explanation for various magnetic field effects within the brain.