bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Oral Furosemide Test for Primary Aldosteronism Diagnosis
Authors: Freitas Thais C , Maciel Ana Alice W , Fagundes Gustavo F C , Petenuci Janaina , Santana Lucas S , Guimaraes Augusto G , Freitas-Castro Felipe , Srougi Victor , Tanno Fabio Y , Chambo Jose L , Pereira Maria Adelaide A , Brito Luciana P , Pio-Abreu Andrea , Bortolotto Luiz A , Latronico Ana Claudia , Fragoso Maria Candida B V , Drager Luciano F , Mendonca Berenice B , Almeida Madson Q 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Context
Confirmatory tests represent a fundamental step in primary aldosteronism (PA) diagnosis, but they are laborious and often require a hospital environment due to the risks involved.

Objective
To evaluate the efficacy of oral furosemide as a new confirmatory test for PA diagnosis.

Methods
We prospectively evaluated the diagnostic performance of 80 mg of oral furosemide in 64 patients with PA and 22 with primary hypertension (controls). Direct renin concentration (DRC) was measured before, and 2 hours and 3 hours after the oral furosemide. In addition, the oral furosemide test was compared with 2 other confirmatory tests: the furosemide upright test (FUT) and saline infusion test (SIT) or captopril challenge test (CCT) in all patients with PA.

Results
The cut-off of 7.6 µU/mL for DRC at 2 hours after oral furosemide had a sensitivity of 92%, specificity of 82%, and accuracy of 90% for PA diagnosis. In 5 out of 6 controls with low-renin hypertension, which might represent a PA spectrum, renin remained suppressed. Excluding these 6 controls with low-renin hypertension, the DRC cut-off of 10 µU/mL at 2 hours after oral furosemide had a sensitivity of 95.3%, specificity of 93.7% and accuracy of 95% for PA diagnosis. DRC after 3 hours of oral furosemide did not improve diagnostic performance. Using the cut-off of 10 µU/mL, the oral furosemide test and the FUT were concordant in 62 out of 64 (97%) patients with PA. Only 4 out of 64 cases with PA (6.4%) ended the oral furosemide test with potassium &lt;3.5 mEq/L. Hypotension was not evidenced in any patient with PA during the test.

Conclusion
The oral furosemide test was safe, well-tolerated and represents an effective strategy for PA investigation.
Westernwear: Postwar American Fashion and Culture, Sonya Abrego (2022)
Authors: Brewster Maureen Lehto 
Published: November 2023

Review of: Westernwear: Postwar American Fashion and Culture, Sonya Abrego (2022)
London and New York: Bloomsbury Visual Arts, 310 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-35014-767-6, p/bk, $37.95
The Fashioned Body: Fashion, Dress and Modern Social Theory, 3rd ed., Joanne Entwistle (2023)
Authors: Reddy-Best Kelly L. 
Published: November 2023

Review of: The Fashioned Body: Fashion, Dress and Modern Social Theory, 3rd ed., Joanne Entwistle (2023)
Cambridge: Polity Press, 281 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-50954-789-0, p/bk, $28.95
Neuropeptide stimulation of physiological and immunological responses in precision‐cut lung slices
Authors: Patlin B. , Schwerdtfeger L. , Tobet S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOrganotypic lung slices, sometimes known as precision‐cut lung slices (PCLS), provide an environment in which numerous cell types and interactions can be maintained outside the body (ex vivo). PCLS were maintained ex vivo for up to a week and demonstrated health via the presence of neurons, maintenance of tissue morphology, synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, and minimal cell death. Multiple phenotypes of neuronal fibers were present in lung slices with varied size, caliber, and neurotransmitter immunoreactivity. Of the neuropeptides present in fibers, calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) was the most prevalent. Exposing PCLS to recombinant CGRP resulted in the proliferation and dispersion of CD19+ B cells in slices taken selectively from females. The number of granules containing immunoreactive (ir) surfactant protein C (SPC), which are representative of alveolar type 2 cells, increased in slices from females within 24 h of exposure to CGRP. Additionally, ir‐SPC granule size increased in slices from males and females across 48 h of exposure to CGRP. Exposure of PCLS to exogenous CGRP did not alter the number of solitary pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNEC) but did result in neuroendocrine bodies that had significantly more cells. Neuronal fiber numbers were unchanged based on ir‐peripherin; however, ir‐CGRP became non‐detectable in fibers while unchanged in PNECs. The effects of exogenous CGRP provide insight into innate immune and neuroendocrine responses in the lungs that may be partially regulated by neural fibers. The sex‐dependent nature of these changes may point to the basis for sex‐selective outcomes among respiratory diseases.
Perceived ankle instability and cutaneous reflex modulation during gait
Authors: Friedman Annalee M. H. , Madsen Leif P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCutaneous reflex modulation during rhythmic ambulation is an important motor control mechanism to help minimize stumbling following an unexpected perturbation. Previous literature found individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) experience altered reflex patterns compared to healthy controls. Considering CAI is characterized by intermittent feelings of ankle instability, researchers have speculated that these alterations are related to perceived instability. Our purpose was to determine whether variability and magnitude of cutaneous reflex amplitudes can predict perceived instability levels following sural nerve stimulation during gait. Forty subjects walked while receiving random stimulations and reported their perceived instability. Middle latency reflexes among lower leg muscles were calculated using data derived from surface electromyography. Hierarchical logistical regressions revealed a positive relationship between reflex variability of the peroneus longus and lateral gastrocnemius muscles and perceived instability during midstance. This suggests subjects with consistent reflexes following sural nerve stimulation develop a certain level of perceptual expectation resulting in generally lower feelings of ankle instability, while subjects with more variable motor outputs perceive greater instability at the supraspinal level. Cutaneous reflex variability during stance may be an important objective outcome measure to monitor neuromuscular recovery throughout a rehabilitation or as a potential predictor of future lateral ankle sprains.
Zur Notwendigkeit von Stabilitätsbetrachtungen von Umrichterinteraktionen bei der Sicherheitsbewertung in Verteilnetzen
Authors: Krahmer Sebastian , Ecklebe Stefan , Schegner Peter , Röbenack Klaus 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Grundlage eines resilienten Energieversorgungssystems bildet u. a. eine zuverlässige Netzsicherheitsbewertung. Der Abstand des aktuellen Netzbetriebspunktes zu den Grenzen des ihn umgebenden sicheren Betriebsbereiches kann hierbei durch die Optimierung von Blindleistungsarbeitspunkten verbessert werden. Bei der Wahl einer spannungsabhängigen Blindleistungsbereitstellung, der sogenannten Q(U)-Regelung, müssen Umrichterinteraktionen von dezentralen Energieanlagen berücksichtigt werden. Dieser Beitrag widmet sich der Bewertung von Q(U)-Charakteristiken in Hinblick auf veränderliche Netztopologien (N-1-Fälle) und Betriebsfälle. Im ersten Teil wird ein Stabilitätskriterium aus Vorarbeiten aufgegriffen, das auf einem zeitdiskreten Modell der Q(U)-Regelung beruht, um zu beurteilen, wie Anstiege und Filterzeitkonstanten der einzelnen Energieanlagen gewählt werden können. Das Verfahren wird um die Berücksichtigung relevanter Netzzustände erweitert, die sich aus der Kombination von Topologiestörungen und Betriebsfällen ergeben. Der zweite Teil des Beitrages widmet sich der Applikation des Kriteriums unter Berücksichtigung dieser vielseitigen Netzzustände. Dabei werden Strategien zur Auswahl einer hinreichenden Anzahl an Netzzuständen hinsichtlich ihrer Kritikalität diskutiert. Als Bewertungsgröße wird dann die Filterkonstante einer Anlagenregelung eingeführt und die Kritikalität der Netzzustände anhand dieser verglichen. Abschließend erfolgt die Anwendung auf Benchmarknetze der Mittel- und Hochspannungsebene.
Analyse der tragenden Rolle von Elementen mit netzbildender Regelung für einen stabilen Stromnetzbetrieb
Authors: Schöll Christian , Lens Hendrik 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Ein stabiler Stromnetzbetrieb ist heute ohne die Synchrongeneratoren der konventionellen Kraftwerke nicht möglich, weil die derzeit dominierende Art der Wechselrichterregelung erneuerbarer Energien auf eine extern gebildete Netzspannung angewiesen ist. Ein grundlegender Paradigmenwechsel in der Wechselrichterregelung ist daher nötig, um in Zukunft rein wechselrichterbasierte und klimaneutrale Stromnetze zu ermöglichen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt die zukünftige Bedeutung dieser neuen Art der Regelung von Wechselrichtern für die Systemstabilität und damit verbundene Einschränkungen auf.
Comparison of fuzzy and crisp decision matrices: An evaluation on PROBID and sPROBID multi-criteria decision-making methods
Authors: Wang Zhiyuan , Baydaş Mahmut , Stević Željko , Özçil Abdullah , Irfan Sayed Ameenuddin , Wu Zhe , Rangaiah Gade Pandu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The use of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods to select the most appropriate one from a range of alternatives considering multiple criteria is a suitable methodology for making informed decisions. When constructing a decision or objective matrix (DOM) for MCDM procedure, either crisp numerical values or fuzzy linguistic terms can be used. A review of relevant literature indicates that decision experts often prefer to give linguistic terms (instead of crisp numerical values) based on their domain knowledge, to establish a fuzzy DOM. However, previous research articles have not adequately studied the selection between fuzzy and crisp DOM in MCDM, especially under the context of assessing the financial performance (FP) of listed firms – a notably complex decision-making problem. As such, the primary motivation of this study is to bridge this research gap through comparative analyses of fuzzy and crisp DOM in MCDM. Along this path, and in order to handle fuzzy DOM, this work also proposes two new fuzzy MCDM methods: fuzzy preference ranking on the basis of ideal-average distance (PROBID) and fuzzy sPROBID (simpler PROBID), extending the applicability of the original crisp PROBID and sPROBID methods. Moreover, for the first time in the literature, this work compares the FP rankings obtained using fuzzy MCDM methods with an objective benchmark we have identified, i.e., the real-life stock return (SR)-based ranking. The case study of ranking the FP of 32 listed firms demonstrates that the fuzzy MCDM methods produce higher correlation results with the SR-based ranking. The results also suggest that the proposed fuzzy sPROBID method with triangular fuzzy DOM performs the best for assessing the FP of firms in terms of Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient with the SR-based ranking. Overall, the contributions of this work are three-fold: first, it proposes two new fuzzy MCDM methods (i.e., fuzzy PROBID and fuzzy sPROBID); second, it advances the application of fuzzy MCDM methods in assessing and ranking the FP of listed firms to make rational investment decisions in the financial market; third, it studies the selection between fuzzy and crisp DOM through comparisons with an objective benchmark.
Simple function to find base pressure under triangular and trapezoidal footing with two eccentric loads
Authors: Shaaban Mohammed Qasim , Al-kuaity Adnan Sadiq , Aliakbar Mohammed Redha Mahdi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to create a simple general function to find the maximum base pressure of biaxial eccentric loads under a trapezoidal and triangular footing. Base pressure is the load per unit area below the foundation. The first step is to derive a function linking variables to the specific status by determining what variables can be observed in it and which variables are expected to be extracted from it. This research will focus on a specific status in foundation science and, thereafter, will produce a factor named k that is multiplied by the load divided by the area to find the maximum base pressure.
Who Cares About Caregiving?: Identity and Caregiving Policy Perspectives
Authors: VanSickle-Ward Rachel , Merolla Jennifer L. , Hayes Sarah V. , Greenlee Jill S. , Cargile Ivy A. M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Using original data collected from YouGov panelists in July of 2021, we examine caregiving experiences and attitudes toward caregiving policies, taking into consideration how intersecting identities shape the perspectives of caregivers. We examine the racial, ethnic and gender dimensions of who provides care, and how the pandemic affected caregiving commitments. We find that communities of color, especially women of color, experienced pandemic caregiving pressures differently than their White counterparts. We further consider public opinion on caregiving policies and explore whether and how these attitudes vary between men and women and across racial, ethnic groups and partisan groups. We find that while interesting differences do exist among different populations, and these differences are worth reflection, policies that support caregivers and caregiving recipients are, on balance, very popular.
Influence of zinc oxide and graphene nanoparticles on diesel engine’s emission and vibration while fuelled with waste mango seed oil biodiesel
Authors: Rami Reddy Seelam , Sarangi Saroj Kumar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, the world is facing critical situations such as fossil fuel decline and global warming due to the gradual increase in consumption and release of harmful gases from engines. Therefore, there has been a need for alternative fuels to improve the efficiency of compression ignition (CI) engines and reduce harmful pollutants. Mango seed methyl ester (MSME), obtained from mango seed oil waste through transesterification processes, was used as biodiesel. For best results, 20 % MSME is mixed with 80 % diesel. However, in this experiment, the nanoparticles zinc oxide (ZnO) and graphene were used to improve the emission and vibration properties of MSME20 biodiesel. The results showed about 0.23 % less CO emissions from MSME20 with 100 ppm and 200 ppm ZnO blend than regular diesel. In addition, the graphene nanoparticles in MSME20 also reduced NO
x
emissions. At full load (100 %), very high NO
x
emissions of 1235 ppm were observed for the graphene mixture MSME20 at 200 ppm, about 6 % lower than MSME20. Better performance was recorded for the MSME20 100 ppm ZnO and MSME20 200 ppm graphene blends. All other blends, including MSME20, were found to have a higher vibration frequency than conventional diesel at a compression ratio (CR) of 18.
Ringing Tone and Drumming Sages in the Crevice Cave of Pirunkirkko, Koli, Finland
Authors: Rainio Riitta , Hytönen-Ng Elina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Pirunkirkko (“Devil’s Church”) is one of the famous caves in Finland. Tradition says that this crevice leading into the mountain was a meeting place for sages, who typically used sound to contact the spirit world. Today, the place is visited by practitioners of shamanism, who organise drumming sessions at the back of the cave. This article examines Pirunkirkko and the related traditions from the perspective of acoustics, hypothesising that the acoustic characteristics of the crevice might have played a role in the ritualisation of the place and the power of its rituals. Methods employed include impulse response recording, spectrum analysis, archival research, and interview of a shamanic practitioner. The results indicate that the back of the cave houses a distinct resonance phenomenon. A standing wave between the parallel walls generates a ringing tone at 219–232 Hz that stays audible after sharp impulses or vocalisations at the same frequency. The local folklore or the interviewed practitioner does not mention this phenomenon at all. Instead, they speak about the “spirit of the cave,” “special energy,” or “new horizons” opened up by drumming. This leads to reflection on cultural frameworks of thought that guide sensory perceptions leading to differing experiences and interpretations.
Leadership style by metaphor in crisis political discourse
Authors: Arcimavičienė Liudmila 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study aims to show how different political leaders ideologically position themselves in the discourse of ‘problem frame’ in their first national response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To analyse the ideological nature of the ‘problem frame’, 17 leaders’ national lockdown speeches from different countries were collected and analysed within the theoretical framework of critical metaphor studies and frame semantics. Procedurally, metaphors in the collected speeches were identified by applying Pragglejaz Group’s MIP (2007) and MIPVU (2010), and coded into thematic categories via NVivo 12.0. Overall, 19 thematic codes (1,045 metaphorical expressions) were established, and their content analysis demonstrated specific differences in gender performance of a national health policy during the pandemic. It has been clarified that crisis political discourse is not that much affected by gender double bind, and female speakers openly display their femininity by focusing a lot on sensitivity and nurturance. By contrast, male speakers overwhelmingly follow a standardised competitive frame with emotional moments aimed at a more aggressive response to the pandemic and focusing on populist sentiment.
Location-controlled crazing in polyethylene using focused electron beams and tensile strain
Authors: Toocharoen Sirorat , Yokota Daisuke , Suzuki Michihito , Shimojo Masayuki 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study explores the use of focused electron beam (FEB) dot irradiation and tensile stress to control crazing formation in polymers at the microscale. Polyethylene (PE) containing carbon was subjected to FEB dot irradiation at 5–20 kV of accelerating voltage, followed by nominal strains of 0–70 %. The results revealed that FEB irradiation affects the structure and mechanical properties of PE. The Raman spectroscopy showed a glassy polymer of amorphous structure with the intensity changed after irradiation, which led to craze formation at the location of the electron beam dot irradiation after the tensile deformation. Rhombus-shaped crazes were observed at the locations of the electron beam irradiation in the dot area, which were evenly distributed and sized. Our findings provide insights into the control of crazing location in polymers and provide a promising approach to controlling the different shapes and sizes of crazing in polymers for future applications.
Evaluation of Appropriateness of Platelet transfusions in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: N Thamarai Selvi  , R Sumithasree  , R Poojasree  , R Revathi Shree  
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Blood transfusion is an essential part of modern health care. Transfusion is considered appropriate when it is used to treat conditions leading to significant morbidity and mortality and which cannot be prevented or managed effectively by other means. The aim of this study was to evaluate appropriateness of platelet transfusions in a tertiary care centre as per National blood transfusion guidelines. Materials & Methods: This study was conducted in a tertiary care centre. A total of 4236 blood request forms were analyzed over a period of 12 months out of which 8.3% (n=352) were for Platelets (PLT). Number of units requested were noted and appropriateness of requested transfusions was assessed according to the National guidelines on transfusion. Results: A total of 4236 blood request forms were analyzed in this study out of which 8.3% (n=352) were for Platelets (PLT). There were 352 platelet requests out of which 59.6 % (n=210) requests were considered appropriate, 30.2% (n=106) were considered inappropriate and 10.2% (n=36) requests could not be assessed due to unavailability of platelet count. Out of 30.2% (n=106) inappropriate transfusions, in 14.8% (n=52) transfusions were appropriate but number of units transfused was inappropriate and in 15% transfusion itself was considered inappropriate. Conclusion: It was observed that 30.2% (n=106) were considered inappropriate and in 10.2% (n=36) requests could not be assessed due to unavailability of platelet count. Regular audits and CMEs should be conducted and development of standard hospital transfusion guidelines are the measures which can be incorporated in this hospital to rationalize the use of blood components.
Aetiological sub-classification of thyrotoxicosis and relevance of TT3/TT4 ratio in sub-classification of patients with thyrotoxicosis: an Indian cross-sectional study
Authors: Singh Shailendra Kumar , Singh Rina , Singh Santosh Kumar , Iquebal Mir Asif , Jaiswal Sarika , Rai Pradeep Kumar 
Published: November 2023

Background: Thyrotoxicosis is a common endocrine problem. Sub-classification and rapid diagnosis of disease is crucial in the management.
Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study from India, newly diagnosed thyrotoxicosis patients were enrolled. All patients were sub classified into Graves’ disease, (GD), sub-acute thyroiditis (SAT) and toxic nodular goiter (TNG) based on diagnostic criteria. Clinical features were noted and TT3, TT4 and TSH level were measured. A thyroid scan was also done.
Results: TNG, respectively. Mean± SD age for GD, SAT and TNG were 36.88±10.55, 37.44±5.96 and 61±11.36 years, respectively. Most of patients were female (77.63%). Goiter was present in 81.25%, 55.56% and 100% of GD, SAT and TNG patients respectively. Mean TT3/TT4 ratio was higher (20.15±5.45 verses 12.72±0.77) in GD as compared to SAT patients. The area under ROC curve of the TT3/TT4 for diagnosis of GD was 0.964. Cut off level of TT3/TT4 ratio >14.1 offered best sensitivity, specificity, PPV (positive predictive value) and accuracy.
Conclusions: This first report from India on sub-classification of thyrotoxicosis shows that GD is the commonest cause of thyrotoxicosis. TT3/TT4 ratio of >14.1 may help in differentiating the cause of thyrotoxicosis.
A case report: the undescended testis present with inguinal hernia in adolescence, how can be diagnosed and treated early?
Authors: Wijaya I. Gusti Agung Brama , Kesuma A. A. Ngr. Jaya 
Published: November 2023

Undescended testis or cryptorchidism describe as one or more testicles are missing from the scrotum. Cryptorchidism may occur on one or both sides but more commonly affects the right testicle. To make the diagnosis, testicular examination followed by a laparoscopy to check for testes that hard to feel on physical examination. To avoid pathological alterations, surgical treatment for UDT should be administered prior to two years. A 16-year-old male patient come to the surgical department of Prima Medika Hospital complained of a lump in the right thigh fold and a non-palpable right testicle for 2 weeks and was unaware of the existence of his right testicles. On the abdominal examination, a non-reducible tumor was discovered during examination in the right groin with no lymphadenopathy in the left inguinal and left testicles. The testicular ultrasonography present, the right inguinal-proximal testis is undescended. Based on the patients complain, orcidopexy dextra with herniotomy was performed. In underdeveloped nations, UTD is common in adulthood, and the late identification of UDT might be problematic. Therefore, early diagnosis and immediate treatment are essential to prevent the complication and pathologic alterations that leading to subfertility and malignant transformation.