bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression pattern of osteopontin isoforms in malignant melanoma cell lines
Authors: Koroknai Viktoria , Szász István , Jámbor Krisztina , Balázs Margit 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOsteopontin (OPN) is a secreted integrin‐binding protein that plays a role in inflammation, cellular viability, cell adhesion and migration, cancer development, and diabetes through different mechanisms. The splice variants of OPN can play essential roles in cancer development, progression, and metastasis formation; however, limited data are available about the role of OPN isoforms in human malignant melanoma. Our goal was to define the gene expression patterns of five OPN variants (OPN4, OPN5, OPNa, OPNb, and OPNc), integrin, and CD44 receptor genes in primary and metastatic melanoma‐originated cell lines (n = 19), and to explore the association of the expression patterns with clinicopathological parameters. We evaluated the invasive property of the cell lines and investigated the potential association between the invasion and gene expression of OPN isoforms. We found a significant rise in the expression of OPNc in the invasive cell lines compared to the noninvasive cells and detected significantly higher expression of the OPN splice variants in melanoma cell lines originating from more advanced stages tumors than cell lines originating from early‐stage melanomas. The correlation analysis revealed that all five OPN variants positively correlated with ITGB3 and ITGA9, whereas OPN5 positively correlated with ITGB1, ITGAV, ITGA6, and CD44. OPN can activate extracellular signal‐regulated kinase signaling through binding to α9β1 integrin, promoting melanoma tumor cell migration. It is possible that such associations between OPN splice variants and integrin receptors may play a role in melanoma progression. In conclusion, our findings suggest that high expression of OPNc correlates with the invasive behavior of melanoma cells.
Changes in neuroinflammatory markers and microglial density in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of the C58/J mouse model of autism
Authors: Duarte‐Campos Juan F. , Vázquez‐Moreno C. Noé , Martínez‐Marcial Mónica , Chavarría Anahí , Ramírez‐Carreto Ricardo Jair , Velasco Velázquez Marco A. , De La Fuente‐Granada Marisol , González‐Arenas Aliesha 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a diverse group of neurodevelopmental conditions with complex origins. Individuals with ASD present various neurobiological abnormalities, including an altered immune response in the central nervous system and other tissues. Animal models like the C58/J inbred mouse strain are used to study biological characteristics of ASD. This strain is considered an idiopathic autism model because of its demonstrated reduced social preference and repetitive behaviours. Notably, C58/J mice exhibit alterations in dendritic arbour complexity, density and dendritic spines maturation in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC), but inflammatory‐related changes have not been explored in these mice. In this study, we investigated proinflammatory markers in the hippocampus and PFC of adult male C58/J mice. We discovered elevated levels of interferon gamma (IFN‐γ) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP‐1) in the hippocampus, suggesting increased inflammation, alongside a reduction in the anti‐inflammatory enzyme arginase 1 (ARG1). Conversely, the PFC displayed reduced levels of TNF‐α and MCP‐1. Microglial analysis revealed higher levels of transmembrane protein 119 (TMEM119) and increased microglial density in a region‐specific manner of the autistic‐like mice, particularly in the PFC and hippocampus. Additionally, an augmented expression of the fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 was observed in the hippocampus and PFC of C58/J mice. Microglial morphological analysis shows no evident changes in the hippocampus of mice with autistic‐like behaviours versus wild‐type strain. These region‐specific changes can contribute to modulate processes like inflammation or synaptic pruning in the C58/J mouse model of idiopathic autism.
Iron overload causes macrophages to produce a pro‐inflammatory phenotype in the synovium of hemophiliac arthritis via the acetyl‐p53 pathway
Authors: Pang Nanyu , Ding Mingyang , Yang Hu , Zhong Qigang , Zheng Liujie , Luo Dasheng , Yao Yunfeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimHaemophiliac arthritis (HA) is caused by spontaneous intra‐articular hemorrhage and repeated intra‐articular hematomas, leading to iron overload, which, in turn, induces M1 macrophage polarisation and inflammatory cytokine secretion, resulting in synovitis. Here, we explored the mechanism by which iron overload in HA induces the polarisation of M1 macrophages, providing a new approach for the treatment of HA synovitis.MethodsThe synovium from the knee joints of normal amputees and patients with HA was collected. Pathological changes in the synovial tissues were analysed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Iron tissue deposition was evaluated using the iron assay kit and Prussia Blue staining, while macrophage phenotype was determined using immunofluorescence. The levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and p53 acetylation were determine using western blotting. An in vitro iron overload model was established by inducing THP‐1 macrophages with ferric ammonium citrate, and the involvement of acetylated p53 in M1 macrophage polarisation was investigated.ResultsCompared to control samples, the iron content in the synovium of patients with HA was significantly increased. The protein levels of M1 macrophage markers, pro‐inflammatory cytokines, and acetylated p53, were also significantly elevated in the synovial tissues of patients with HA. Similar results were observed in the in vitro iron overload model. Furthermore, the inhibition of p53 acetylation in vitro reversed these iron overload‐induced effects.ConclusionIn patients with HA, iron overload induced synovial p53 acetylation, leading to macrophage polarisation toward the M1 phenotype and increased inflammatory cytokine secretion, resulting in synovitis.Highlights
Synovial iron overload is associated with changes in P53 acetylation in hemophiliac arthritis (HA).

Acetylated p53, a known regulator of macrophage polarization, is highly expressed in HA synovium, suggesting a potential role in M1 polarization.
HA synovial macrophages predominantly polarize into the pro‐inflammatory M1 phenotype, secreting elevated levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines.
OPTIMAL STOPPING IN A DYNAMIC SALIENCE MODEL
Authors: Dertwinkel‐Kalt Markus , Frey Jonas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe study dynamic choice under risk through the lens of salience theory. We derive predictions on salient thinkers' gambling decisions and strategy choices. We test our model experimentally and find support for all of our predictions. We also detect a strong correlation between static and dynamic choices, suggesting that salience theory can coherently explain risky choice in both static and dynamic contexts. Our results help to understand when people sell assets, stop gambling, enter the job market, or retire.
Reusing blended leach residue by flash sintering method
Authors: Çetinkaya Zeynep , Gökhan Arici , Dursun Sami , Şavkliyildiz İlyas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, the effects of different sintering methodology on grain formation, density, and hardness of blended leach residue (B‐LR) pellets is investigated. For the first time, the flash sintering (FS) method, an environmentally friendly process, is used to make multiphase ceramic composites using B‐LR under 100 V/mm at 675C. The outcomes of this study revealed that the FS process is faster and more energy‐efficient than the conventional sintering (CS) methods performed at 800°C for 4 h. The formation of abnormal grain growth is prevented by FS in B‐LR material composition after it is exposed to a max power absorption 61.4 mW/mm3 and whole FS is completed less than 100 s. Besides, FS method does not lead to any melting on grain boundaries due to excessive joule heating, compared with the CS sample. It is noted that FS also provides better density and hardness values for this material system along with compositional integrity in this multiphase system. The significant outcome of this study is reducing lead volatility and emission by decrement on the sintering temperature. Ultimately, this study has planned the practicality of reusage and recycle of this material with green, safe, and eco‐friendly methods.
Real‐world experience of baricitinib in atopic dermatitis: including add‐on therapy for patients using dupilumab
Authors: Lim Ji‐Hoon , Kwon Soon‐Hyo , Lew Bark‐Lynn 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundLittle real‐world experience regarding the use of baricitinib, an oral selective JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor, for treating moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) has been reported.MethodsThis study aimed to assess the overall outcomes in Korean patients with AD treated with baricitinib. All patients with moderate to severe AD treated with baricitinib between June 2021 and June 2022 were included, and their cases were retrospectively analyzed using medical records. Patients with moderate to severe AD, aged ≥18 years who had failed previous therapies, including those who demonstrated unsatisfactory improvement with dupilumab, were prescribed baricitinib. Patients whose follow‐up period was <8 weeks were excluded. The dermatologist evaluated the AD status, including eczema area and severity index (EASI), itch Numeric Rating Scale, and improvement of remaining lesions despite dupilumab therapy.ResultsWe analyzed 34 AD patients who received baricitinib. Twelve patients treated with dupilumab were additionally prescribed baricitinib due to unsatisfactory treatment effects and demonstrated improvement in the remaining lesions despite dupilumab treatment. Their itching improved after 1.4 weeks. Among them, eight patients (66.7%) had head and neck dermatitis, and seven of them demonstrated improvement after the coadministration of baricitinib. Among the other 22 patients who were prescribed baricitinib only, 10 patients (45.5%) achieved EASI 75 at 8 weeks, with five (22.7%) revealing EASI 90.ConclusionsOverall, baricitinib was well tolerated and resulted in clinical improvement in AD patients in a real‐world clinical setting. Additionally, baricitinib may be beneficial in treating lesions refractory to dupilumab therapy.
Morphological characteristics of facial scars: A retrospective analysis according to scar location, onset, age, and cause
Authors: Kim Gyeong Hoon , Lee Woo Jin , Jung Joon Min , Won Chong Hyun , Chang Sung Eun , Lee Mi Woo , Moon Ik Jun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe morphology of facial scars shows a wide variation in terms of texture and colour. To date, there are no reliable predictors of aberrant scarring. We conducted a retrospective analysis to identify factors associated with specific scar features and types. Photographs and medical records of 428 patients with facial scars were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with keloids were excluded. The mean age of the patients was 45.43 ± 23.13 years with a male‐to‐female ratio of 1:1.36. Atrophic scars were the most common (42.8%), followed by flat scars (38.7%) and hypertrophic scars (18.5%). Scars on the forehead were more likely to be atrophic, whereas scars on the chin/jaw and around the mouth were more likely to be hypertrophic. Hypopigmentation was significantly more common in scars located on the forehead. Redness (erythema) was significantly more common in scars located on the chin/jaw. Old scars were less likely to be erythematous, and hypertrophic. Atrophic scars were more common in younger patients. Scars caused by dermatologic conditions, such as acne, were more likely to be atrophic, whereas surgical scars had the lowest risk of being atrophic or hypertrophic. In conclusion, the location, onset, and cause of facial scars were associated with specific features of scars.
New insights into the positive temperature coefficient of resistance model of BaTiO3‐based ceramics
Authors: Fang Tsang‐Tse 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe speculation concerning the presence of interfacial states in the BaTiO3‐based positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTCR) model originating from the formation of the grain boundary barrier in semiconductor is argued to be unsuitable. This communication provides new insights into the formation of the grain boundary barrier without the grain boundary phase of the BaTiO3‐based PTCR model. New insights into the temperature and voltage dependences of the resistance or resistivity with and without grain boundary phase of the BaTiO3‐based PTCR model are proposed. Concerning the absence of the grain boundary phase, two new plausible models are proposed: the net dipolar polarization field due to the applied voltage and effective permittivity owing to the net dipole charges accumulated near the grain boundary. As for the presence of the grain boundary phase, a new thinking concerning the field emission tunneling with the conduction band conduction mechanism for the occurrence of low resistance at low applied voltage is posited.
New statin use, mortality, and first cardiovascular events in older US Veterans by frailty status
Authors: Orkaby Ariela R. , Lu Bing , Ho Yuk‐Lam , Treu Timothy , Galloway Ashley , Wilson Peter W. F. , Cho Kelly , Gaziano J. Michael , Alexander Karen P. , Gagnon David R. , Djousse Luc , Forman Daniel E. , Driver Jane A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundStatins are part of long‐term medical regimens for many older adults. Whether frailty modifies the protective relationship between statins, mortality, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) is unknown.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of US Veterans ≥65, without CVD or prior statin use seen in 2002–2012, followed through 2017. A 31‐item frailty index was used. The co‐primary endpoint was all‐cause mortality or MACE (MI, stroke/TIA, revascularization, or cardiovascular death). Cox proportional hazards models were developed to evaluate the association of statin use with outcomes; propensity score overlap weighting accounted for confounding by indication.ResultsWe identified 710,313 Veterans (mean age (SD) 75.3(6.5), 98% male, 89% white); 86,327 (12.1%) were frail. Over mean follow‐up of 8 (5) years, there were 48.6 and 72.6 deaths per 1000 person‐years (PY) among non‐frail statin‐users vs nonusers (weighted Incidence Rate Difference (wIRD)/1000 person years (PY), −24.0[95% CI, −24.5 to −23.6]), and 90.4 and 130.4 deaths per 1000PY among frail statin‐users vs nonusers (wIRD/1000PY, −40.0[95% CI, −41.8 to −38.2]). There were 51.7 and 60.8 MACE per 1000PY among non‐frail statin‐users vs nonusers (wIRD/1000PY, −9.1[95% CI, −9.7 to −8.5]), and 88.2 and 102.0 MACE per 1000PY among frail statin‐users vs nonusers (wIRD/1000PY, −13.8[95% CI, −16.2 to −11.4]). There were no significant interactions by frailty for statin users vs non‐users by either mortality or MACE outcomes, p‐interaction 0.770 and 0.319, respectively. Statin use was associated with lower risk of all‐cause mortality (HR, 0.61 (0.60–0.61)) and MACE (HR 0.86 (0.85–0.87)).ConclusionsNew statin use is associated with a lower risk of mortality and MACE, independent of frailty. These findings should be confirmed in a randomized clinical trial.
Associations between liver function and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease pathology in non‐demented adults: The CABLE study
Authors: Gao Pei‐Yang , Ou Ya‐Nan , Huang Yi‐Ming , Wang Zhi‐Bo , Fu Yan , Ma Ya‐Hui , Li Qiong‐Yao , Ma Li‐Yun , Cui Rui‐Ping , Mi Yin‐Chu , Tan Lan , Yu Jin‐Tai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLiver function has been suggested as a possible factor in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) development. However, the association between liver function and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of AD biomarkers remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the data from 1687 adults without dementia from the Chinese Alzheimer's Biomarker and LifestylE study to investigate differences in liver function between pathological and clinical AD groups, as defined by the 2018 National Institute on Aging‐Alzheimer's Association Research Framework. We also examined the linear relationship between liver function, CSF AD biomarkers, and cognition using linear regression models. Furthermore, mediation analyses were applied to explore the potential mediation effects of AD pathological biomarkers on cognition. Our findings indicated that, with AD pathological and clinical progression, the concentrations of total protein (TP), globulin (GLO), and aspartate aminotransferase/alanine transaminase (ALT) increased, while albumin/globulin (A/G), adenosine deaminase, alpha‐L‐fucosidase, albumin, prealbumin, ALT, and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) concentrations decreased. Furthermore, we also identified significant relationships between TP (β = −0.115, pFDR < 0.001), GLO (β = −0.184, pFDR < 0.001), and A/G (β = 0.182, pFDR < 0.001) and CSF β‐amyloid1–42 (Aβ1–42) (and its related CSF AD biomarkers). Moreover, after 10 000 bootstrapped iterations, we identified a potential mechanism by which TP and GLDH may affect cognition by mediating CSF AD biomarkers, with mediation effect sizes ranging from 3.91% to 16.44%. Overall, our results suggested that abnormal liver function might be involved in the clinical and pathological progression of AD. Amyloid and tau pathologies also might partially mediate the relationship between liver function and cognition. Future research is needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms and causality to develop an approach to AD prevention and treatment approach.
Ostrich (Struthio camelus) syrinx morphology and vocal repertoire across postnatal ontogeny and sex: Implications for understanding vocal evolution in birds
Authors: Chiappone Michael , Rodriguez‐Saltos Carlos , Legendre Lucas J. , Li Zhiheng , Clarke Julia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractVocal production in birds has been the target of considerable research that mostly has focused on phylogenetically well‐nested songbirds. Anatomical descriptions and recordings of many non‐songbirds have often only focused on a single ontogenetic stage or sex. While basic morphology of the vocal organ (syrinx) of ostrich (Palaeognathae, Struthio camelus) has been known since the 1800s, descriptions of its vocal repertoire and syrinx anatomy since then have been incomplete or inconsistent. New toolkits now enable detailed qualitative description of internal anatomy and meristic data and allow it to be compared to vocal production. Here we describe the anatomy of the syrinx in Struthio camelus for three post‐hatching ontogenetic stages and both an adult male and female utilizing dissection and contrast enhanced X‐ray computed tomography (diceCT). We find changes in ring geometry and spacing through ontogeny as well as lateral labia thickness. We document a small unpaired, midline, cartilaginous structure, a “pessuliform process” at the tracheobronchial juncture present throughout ontogeny and in both males and females. Investigation of the vocal repertoire of ostriches across ontogeny using a new dataset of 77 recordings led to identification of four vocalizations not previously reported in the literature, including the simultaneous production of a hiss and tonal. We find syrinx morphology largely consistent across ontogeny and in male and female adults. Both are capable of producing long duration tonal calls, but these may be more frequent in male birds. Closed‐mouth boom calls remain unique to males. A detailed understanding of diversity in parts of early diverging clades is pivotal in attempting to estimate features of the ancestral syrinx in birds and how avian vocalization evolved.
Flexural strength, surface roughness, and biofilm formation of ceramic‐reinforced PEEK: An in vitro comparative study
Authors: Almogbel Lolowh , Sadid‐Zadeh Ramtin , Örgev Ahmet , Çakmak Gülce , Li Rui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeThis in vitro study aimed to compare flexural strength, surface roughness, and biofilm formation of ceramic‐reinforced polyetheretherketone (PEEK) with conventionally heat‐compressed and milled polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) denture base materials.Materials and MethodsThirty strips (6.4 mm × 10 mm × 3 mm) and 30 discs (10 mm × 1 mm) were fabricated from a heat‐compressed PMMA, milled PMMA, and ceramic‐reinforced PEEK, 10 each. One surface of each sample was polished to mimic the laboratory procedure for denture base materials. Strips were then subjected to a three‐point bend test using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 5.0 mm/min. An optical profilometer was used to assess the Ra value (mm) of the discs on polished and unpolished sides. Biofilm formation behavior was analyzed by measuring the colony‐forming unit (CFU)/mL of Candida albicans on the unpolished surface of the discs. One‐way ANOVA followed by Tukey multiple comparison tests were used to compare the flexural strength, Ra value, and biofilm formation of the studied materials (a = 0.05).ResultsCeramic‐reinforced PEEK showed significantly higher flexural strength (178.2 ± 3.2 MPa) than milled PMMA (89.6 ± 0.8 MPa; p < 0.001) and heat‐compressed PMMA (67.3 ± 5.3 MPa; p < 0.001). Ceramic‐reinforced PEEK exhibited a significantly higher Ra value than the other groups on unpolished sides; however, the polishing process significantly reduced the Ra values of all studied groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in C. albicans adhesion among the groups (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe flexural strength of tested materials was within acceptable limits for clinical use as a denture base material. Ceramic‐reinforced PEEK had the highest surface roughness; however, its similarity in biofilm formation to other groups indicates its clinical acceptability as denture base material.
Everyday discrimination, emotion, and daily interactions during adolescence
Authors: Rahal Danny , Huynh Virginia W. , Irwin Michael R. , McCreath Heather , Fuligni Andrew J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe present study examined whether everyday discrimination relates to the frequency of adolescents' positive and negative daily social interactions and whether these associations are driven by anger and positive emotion. Adolescents (N = 334) participated in a three‐wave longitudinal study, in which they completed surveys regarding everyday discrimination, anger, and positive emotion, as well as 15 daily reports of conflict and getting along with friends and family. Higher everyday discrimination was related to more daily conflicts and fewer experiences of getting along with other people. Longitudinal models also provided preliminary evidence that everyday discrimination was associated with daily conflicts 4 years later indirectly through anger. Overall, results suggest everyday discrimination relates to adolescents' daily experiences, potentially through differences in emotion.