bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mass transport, kinetic model, and application of CO2 adsorption on zeolite 5A granules
Authors: Sangsuradet Supawon , Worathanakul Patcharin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEnvironmental damage ranges from soil degradation, air pollution, and wastewater from human‐induced activity. In this study, to reduce CO2 emission, zeolite granules were prepared manually. In addition, the mass transfer and kinetic adsorption were analyzed to understand the mechanism of CO2 adsorption using mathematical models. We studied the effects of amount of binder, temperature, granule size, and flow rate of CO2 on efficient CO2 adsorption on zeolite 5A granules of different sizes (3–4 and 6–7 mm). The kinetics of CO2 adsorption and mass transfer of zeolite 5A granules were evaluated for the rate‐limiting step. The results showed that decreasing the temperature and the amount of binder increased the CO2 adsorption capacity. We observed the highest CO2 adsorption capacity of 2.84 mmol g−1 at 298 K with 4 wt% of the binder at a flow rate of 2 L h−1. The pseudo‐first‐order sorption behavior was the best model with R2 > 0.9832, whereas the root mean square error model showed an R2 < 0.2136. The Biot number and film diffusion model were used to investigate the importance of external mass transfer on intraparticle diffusion. It was confirmed that the adsorption on sustainable zeolite 5A granules was controlled by film diffusion.
Associations between white matter integrity of the cingulum bundle, surrounding gray matter regions, and cognition across the dementia continuum
Authors: Groechel Renée C. , Alosco Michael L. , Dixon Diane , Tripodis Yorghos , Mez Jesse , Goldstein Lee , Budson Andrew E. , Qiu Wei Qiao , Killiany Ronald J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionPrevious Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) research studies have illustrated the significance of studying alterations in white matter (WM). Fewer studies have examined how WM integrity, measured with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), is associated with volume of gray matter (GM) regions and measures of cognitive function in aged participants spanning the dementia continuum.MethodsMagnetic resonance imaging and cognitive data were collected from 241 Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center participants who spanned from cognitively normal controls to amnestic mild cognitive impairment to having dementia. Primary DTI tracts of interest were the cingulum ventral (CV) and cingulum dorsal (CD) pathways. GM regions of interest (ROIs) were in the medial temporal lobe (MTL), prefrontal cortex, and retrosplenial cortex. Analyses of covariance models were used to assess differences in WM integrity across groups (control, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and dementia). Multiple linear regression models were used to assess associations between WM integrity and GM volume, and with measures of memory and executive function.ResultsDifferences in WM integrity were shown in both cingulum pathways in participants across the dementia continuum. Associations between WM integrity of both cingulum pathways and volume of selected GM ROIs were widespread. Functionally significant associations were found between WM of the CV pathway and memory, independent of MTL GM volume.DiscussionDifferences in WM integrity of the cingulum bundle and surrounding GM ROI are likely related to the progression of AD/ADRD. Such differences should continue to be studied, particularly in association with memory performance.
The Exciton Model for Molecular Materials: Past, Present and Future?
Authors: Meskers Stefan C. J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn assemblies of identical molecules or chromophores, electronic excitations can be described as excitons, bound electron‐hole pairs that can move from site to site as a pair in a coherent manner. The understanding of excitons is crucial when trying to engineer favorable photophysical properties through structuring organic molecular matter. In recent decades, limitations of the concept of an exciton have become clear. The exciton can hybridize with phonon and photons. To clarify these issues, the exciton is discussed within the broader context of the gauge properties of the electromagnetic force.
LEADER (Leaf Element Accumulation from DEep Roots): A nondestructive phenotyping platform to estimate rooting depth in the field
Authors: Hanlon Meredith T. , Brown Kathleen M. , Lynch Jonathan P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDeeper rooted crops are an avenue to increase plant water and nitrogen uptake under limiting conditions and increase long‐term soil carbon storage. Measuring rooting depth, however, is challenging due to the destructive, laborious, or imprecise methods that are currently available. Here, we present LEADER (Leaf Element Accumulation from DEep Roots) as a method to estimate in‐field root depth of maize plants. We use both X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy and ICP‐OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy) to measure leaf elemental content and relate this to metrics of root depth. Principal components of leaf elemental content correlate with measures of root length in four genotypes (R2 = 0.8 for total root length), and we use linear discriminant analysis to classify plants as having different metrics related to root depth across four field sites in the United States. We can correctly classify the plots with the longest root length at depth (deeper than 30 or 40 cm) with high accuracy (accuracy >0.6) at two of our field sites (Hancock, WI and Rock Spring, PA). We also use strontium (Sr) as a tracer element in both greenhouse and field studies, showing that elemental accumulation of Sr in leaf tissue can be measured with XRF and can estimate root depth. We propose the adoption of LEADER as a tool for measuring root depth in different plant species and soils. LEADER is faster and easier than any other methods that currently exist and could allow for extensive study and understanding of deep rooting.
A protective foliar complex boosts sugarcane quality and energy yield by reducing oxidative stress under drought
Authors: Jacomassi Lucas Moraes , Momesso Letusa , Pacola Marcela , Viveiros Josiane , Siqueira Gabriela Ferraz de , Araújo Júnior Osvaldo , Campos Murilo de , Crusciol Carlos Alexandre Costa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWater stress negatively impacts plant morphology and physiology by inducing metabolic oxidative stress, which leads to cellular damage. Applying nutrients and/or organic molecules, such as amino acids, may mitigate the effects of drought stress. In the present study, the effects of a protective foliar complex (PFC) on late‐harvest sugarcane (Saccharum spp L.) (dry season) were evaluated. Four field experiments were carried out in commercial areas of sugarcane production in the central‐south region of Brazil using sugarcane variety CTC4: in the fourth and second ratoons in 2019 and in the fifth and third ratoons in 2020. The treatments consisted of foliar application or no application of the PFC at the beginning of the dry period in June. The PFC was applied at a dose of 10 L ha−1 in a water volume of 100 L ha−1. PFC application increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase) in sugarcane leaves. PFC application also reduced leaf levels of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). On average, PFC application increased sucrose accumulation by 2.26 and 1.74 Mg ha−1 in 2019 and 2020, respectively, indicating improved raw material quality. In addition, PFC application mitigated damage caused by drought, with average increases in stalk productivity of 10.7 and 7.6 Mg ha−1 in 2019 and 2020, respectively. The positive effects of PFC application on plant antioxidant enzymes enabled greater biomass accumulation and, in turn, higher energy cogeneration.
Blue‐Light Induced Iron‐Catalyzed Synthesis of γ,δ‐Unsaturated Ketones
Authors: Joly Nicolas , Colella Alessandro , Mendy Monique‐Edwige , Mbaye Mbaye Diagne , Gaillard Sylvain , Poater Albert , Renaud Jean‐Luc 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA visible‐light‐induced iron‐catalyzed α‐alkylation of ketones with allylic and propargylic alcohols as pro‐electrophiles is reported. The diaminocyclopentadienone iron tricarbonyl complex plays a dual role by harvesting light and facilitating dehydrogenation and reduction steps without the help of any exogenous photosensitizer. γ,δ‐Unsaturated ketones can now be accessed through this borrowing hydrogen methodology at room temperature. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the steric hindrance on the δ‐position of either the dienone or ene‐ynone intermediate is the key feature to prevent or decrease the competitive 1,6‐reduction (and consequently the formation of the saturated ketone) and to favor the synthesis of a set of non‐conjugated enones and ynones.
Variance in heat tolerance in bumble bees correlates with species geographic range and is associated with several environmental and biological factors
Authors: Feuerborn Cody , Quinlan Gabriela , Shippee Rachael , Strausser Tori L. , Terranova Tatiana , Grozinger Christina M. , Hines Heather M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGlobally, insects have been impacted by climate change, with bumble bees in particular showing range shifts and declining species diversity with global warming. This suggests heat tolerance is a likely factor limiting the distribution and success of these bees. Studies have shown high intraspecific variance in bumble bee thermal tolerance, suggesting biological and environmental factors may be impacting heat resilience. Understanding these factors is important for assessing vulnerability and finding environmental solutions to mitigate effects of climate change. In this study, we assess whether geographic range variation in bumble bees in the eastern United States is associated with heat tolerance and further dissect which other biological and environmental factors explain variation in heat sensitivity in these bees. We examine heat tolerance by caste, sex, and rearing condition (wild/lab) across six eastern US bumble bee species, and assess the role of age, reproductive status, body size, and interactive effects of humidity and temperature on thermal tolerance in Bombus impatiens. We found marked differences in heat tolerance by species that correlate with each species' latitudinal range, habitat, and climatic niche, and we found significant variation in thermal sensitivity by caste and sex. Queens had considerably lower heat tolerance than workers and males, with greater tolerance when queens would first be leaving their natal nest, and lower tolerance after ovary activation. Wild bees tended to have higher heat tolerance than lab reared bees, and body size was associated with heat tolerance only in wild‐caught foragers. Humidity showed a strong interaction with heat effects, pointing to the need to regulate relative humidity in thermal assays and consider its role in nature. Altogether, we found most tested biological conditions impact thermal tolerance and highlight the stages of these bees that will be most sensitive to future climate change.
Available satellite data for monitoring small and seasonally flooded wetlands in semi‐arid environments of southern Africa
Authors: Gxokwe Siyamthanda , Dube Timothy , Mazvimavi Dominic 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTime‐series monitoring of wetland eco‐hydrological dynamics using remote sensing continues to be an attractive and practical tool, mainly due to its ability to overcome challenges related to in situ data availability. However, acquiring seamless and cloud‐free data for accurate and routine wetlands monitoring remains a persistent challenge. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the availability of satellite scenes in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) catalogue that could facilitate the monitoring of eco‐hydrological dynamics in small and seasonally flooded wetlands within the semi‐arid environments of southern Africa. The study covered a 20‐year period from 2000 to 2020, with a specific focus on the Nylsvley floodplain as a case study. The study conducted a comprehensive assessment of available products on the GEE platform, including Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM), Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), Operational Land Imager (OLI), Sentinel‐1 and Sentinel‐2. The identified images underwent rigorous filtering and screening based on varying cloud‐cover percentages (0%, 1%–10%, 11%–25% and 26%–50%). The results revealed a considerable number of satellite products (1376) available for the study period. Specifically, there were 492 Landsat images, 394 Sentinel‐1 images and 490 Sentinel‐2 images. Amongst these, Sentinel‐2 and Landsat‐7 had the highest number of images (69% and 76%, respectively) with cloud‐cover percentages ranging from 0% to 20%. However, images with cloud cover exceeding 26% were excluded from the analysis. Further analysis indicated that using satellite images with 0% cloud cover resulted in an overall accuracy (OA) ranging between 69% and 72%, while 1%–10% cloud cover had an OA ranging between 68% and 70%, and 11%–25% cloud cover had an OA ranging between 69% and 80.55% for both the dry and wet seasons. Overall, the classification results demonstrated satisfactory OAs (68%–82%) for all scenes, with some inaccuracies observed for certain classes, notably bare surface and long grass. These inaccuracies were particularly evident when using Landsat‐7 scenes, attributable to the spatial resolution of the data. The findings emphasised the availability of a substantial amount of archival satellite data, capable of monitoring small and seasonally flooded wetlands, providing valuable insights into the eco‐hydrological dynamics of these ecosystems. Moreover, the study highlighted the benefits of cloud‐computing platforms like GEE in addressing challenges associated with big data filtering, processing and analytics, thereby enhancing environmental monitoring and assessments, which may have been limited by the unavailability of advanced processing tools and seamless cloud‐free data.
Food limitation reduces risk avoidance by prey, but does not increase kill rates in a simple predator–prey system
Authors: Molina Francisco J. , Smith Justine A. , Donadio Emiliano , Middleton Arthur D. , Pauli Jonathan N. , Goheen Jacob R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPrey often induce antipredator behaviors when balancing food acquisition against safety. The starvation–predation hypothesis (SPH) posits that, during food shortages, the risk of starvation requires prey to forego antipredator behavior to increase feeding rates. Such shifts in antipredator behavior may further increase the risk of predation and therefore kill rates by predators. We tested the SPH and its consequences for kill rates in a single large prey, single large predator system. In the Argentine Andes, we evaluated whether risk avoidance by vicuñas (Vicugna vicugna) decreased during periods of food scarcity. From three years of GPS relocations collected simultaneously from vicuñas and pumas (Puma concolor), resource selection functions revealed that vicuñas increased their exposure to pumas during nongrowing seasons by reducing the avoidance of canyons and increasing selection for meadows, both of which offer more food of higher quality than relatively safe plains. However, and despite vicuñas becoming more risk‐prone during nongrowing seasons, kill rates by pumas did not change between growing and nongrowing seasons. Contrary to evidence from mesocosm experiments, relaxation of antipredator behavior by prey did not translate into increased kill rates by predators. Our results enhance understanding of the interplay between food limitation and predator–prey interactions within ecosystems and may improve ecologists' ability to predict when and where behaviorally mediated trophic cascades are more likely to occur.
Synthesis and Properties of Pyridofluoranthenes
Authors: Spruner von Mertz Franziska , Villinger Alexander , Ehlers Peter , Langer Peter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA series of N‐doped Benzo[b]fluoranthenes was synthesized. Specifically varying the position of the Nitrogen atom in all four positions of the bottom ring. In the last reaction step the five‐membered ring of the unsubstituted core structure is formed by palladium catalyzed CH‐activation. This synthetic approach allows for the selective introduction of heteroatoms into the core structure and leads to four regioisomeric products. Subsequently the optical and electrochemical properties of these polyaromatic heterocycles were compared. DFT/TD‐DFT and NICS calculations were performed to further analyze, how the position of Nitrogen impacts the overall characteristics of the molecules. This composes a thorough study on the chemical behavior of N‐doped Benzo[b]fluoranthenes.
The evolving landscape of publishing in the field of pain: An automated bibliometric analysis from 1975 to 2020
Authors: Arendt‐Nielsen L. , Pedersen J. T. , Dreier S. , Nielsen T. A. , Høj A. L. , Thomsen L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of this bibliometric analysis were (1) a longitudinal analysis of the publication landscape in the field of pain (1975–2020) and (2) to characterize the overall publication profiles for two selected journals: European Journal of Pain and PAIN® utilizing an automated approach.MethodsDatabase searches in Scopus extracted all journals with ‘pain’ in their title. For the two specific journals, papers were manually/automatically profiled into preclinical, human and translational studies.ResultsA gross list of 64 journals in the field of pain consisting of both active and ceased journals in Scopus were included in this analysis which identified 62,565 papers with approximately 4000 papers published/year. These papers include 2759 and 9156 papers in Eur. J. Pain and PAIN®, respectively. Currently, there are 24 active ‘pain’ journals. Authors/paper increase from 2 to 7 indicating a development from mono‐disciplinary to multi‐disciplinary studies. The overall publication profiles assessing preclinical, human (experimental/clinical) and translational papers in Eur. J. Pain and PAIN® were almost similar (14%, 75% and 10% versus 26%, 63% and 10%). Papers have changed over the years from mono‐disciplinary studies (e.g. behavioural studies) to multi‐disciplinary studies (e.g. combined behavioural and cell studies). After optimization, the search model matched the manual screening by 100%, 98% and 96% for the preclinical, clinical and healthy volunteer categories.ConclusionsOver the last 45 years, more than 60,000 pain‐related papers have been published. Papers develop over the years from mono‐disciplinary to multi‐disciplinary studies. The overall publication profile including preclinical, human (experimental/clinical) and translational papers was almost similar in Eur. J. Pain and PAIN®.SignificanceThe bibliometric analysis of a pain journal provides information on which specific areas of research are published, how this may have changed over the years and how a journal is positioned compared with other journals in the field.
Simultaneous determination of benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) by Au nanoparticles (AuNP) anchored in reduced graphene oxide electrode
Authors: Carlos Braga Alves Ismael , Ribamar Nascimento dos Santos José , Pereira Marques Edmar , Carvalho Martiniano de Azevedo Lorena , Azevedo Beluomini Maísa , Ramos Stradiotto Nelson , Lopes Brandes Marques Aldaléa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis work reports the development of an electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous determination of benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX). The sensor was prepared by coating the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with reduced graphene oxide (RGO) film, decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNP), by electrodeposition. Surface modification with AuNP/RGO‐GCE favored the electron transfer process and increased the active area, providing greater sensitivity for the sensor. The AuNP/RGO‐GCE sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Quantitative analyses of BTX were carried out using the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique, after optimization of the parameters that influence the sensor performance. The sensor showed a linear response in the 30–240 μM concentration range, with a detection limit range of 1.8–2.2 μM, 2.2–2.7 μM, and 2.0–2.6 μM, and quantification limit range of 6.2–7.3 μM, 7.2–8.9 μM, and 6.6–8.8 μM, respectively for B, T and X. In addition to the satisfactory repeatability and stability, in the determination of BTX, the method still showed good selectivity even in the presence of molecules with similar chemical structure, such as: catechol, p‐benzoquinone, resorcinol, ethanol, pyrene and in the presence of K+, Mg2+ and Pb2+ ions. The device was successfully applied for the determination of the analytes (BTX) in water samples from fuel station separator boxes, where recovery rates close to 100 % (97.8 % to 103.1 %) were obtained. The results obtained suggest that the AuNP/RGO‐GCE sensor has strong potential for detecting BTX in wastewater discharge from industrial processes.
Determining lineages between individuals with high‐density mitochondrial and Y‐chromosomal single‐nucleotide polymorphisms
Authors: Chiao Austin , Ge Jianye 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGenetic genealogy has been more frequently used in forensic investigations in identifying criminals. However, the current genetic genealogy applications usually do not consider lineage markers (including both Y and mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)), which is probably because not all distant relatives share the same lineage markers. In addition, there is no study to show how to use lineage markers and what methods or thresholds should be applied in genetic genealogy. In this study, we developed a method to quickly determine if two single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) profiles are from the same paternal or material lineages by using a mismatch frequency of the SNPs in Y‐chromosomal or mitochondrial DNA. For both Y and mitochondrial SNPs, profile pairs from the same or different lineages can be decided with high accuracies (i.e., 0.380% or 0.157% error rates with Y and mitochondrial DNA, respectively). With kinship coefficient filtering based on autosomal SNPs, the accuracies of determining maternal and paternal lineage can be further improved (i.e., 0.120% or 0.057% error rates with Y and mitochondrial DNA, respectively, using a threshold of kinship coefficient >0). This study shows that lineage markers can be very powerful tools with high accuracies to determine lineages, which could help solve cases and reduce costs for genetic genealogy investigations.