bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Patient Referrals with Large Numbers of Non-pedunculated Colorectal Lesions
Authors: Cheng William , Rex Douglas 
Published: January 2024

Background: Large (≥20mm) non-pedunculated colorectal lesions are frequently referred to specialty centers for endoscopic resection. These lesions are technically challenging to resectand associated with substantially greater risk than smaller lesions. Patients with such polypsoften have synchronous lesions. We sought to identify evidence for whether synchronouslesions were sometimes the true basis for referral of large non-pedunculated colorectal polypsfrom community endoscopists to a tertiary center.
Methods: We utilized a prospectively collected database of 1356 consecutive referred patients to an expert colonoscopist at our tertiary center between August 2019 and May 2023. We identified patients with ≥30 precancerous lesions resected from the colorectum during their first two colonoscopies at our center. Patients in the database with the same gender, within 3 yearsof age, and with the same location (proximal vs. distal colon) of the index large lesion referred for resection were identified as controls. Groups were compared for the size of index lesion, number of polyps resected by both centers, and size of polyps resected.
Results: Among 1356 patients, 49 (3.6%) had ≥30 precancerous lesions resected at our center. Compared to controls, the index lesion was smaller in patients with ≥30 lesions (mean 28.9mmvs 23.3mm). Among patients with ≥30 synchronous polyps, the referring physician resected 10.6% of all synchronous lesions, compared to 47.8% in the control group (p<0.0001). Inpatients with ≥30 lesions, 84% of all synchronous lesions were <10mm, 15% were 10-19mm, and only 1% were >20mm.
Conclusion: Our results suggest a subset of patients with large non-pedunculated colorectal precancerous lesions referred to tertiary centers are referred because of the number of lesions present, rather than technical challenges associated with resection of individual lesions. The rationale for these referrals is uncertain. It may lie in the reimbursement system, which only compensates physicians for the first polypectomy.
Familial Alzheimer’s Disease Mutation PSEN2 Exacerbates Toxoplasma gondii-mediated Human Blood-Brain Barrier Damage
Authors: Wilson William Luke , Bitters Abigail , Chamberlain Angela , Hughes Jason , Canfield Scott , López-Yglesias Américo H. 
Published: January 2024

Background and Hypothesis
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that infects one-third of the global population. T. gondii transmission to humans primarily occurs from the consumption of contaminated meats, water, or produce. Unfortunately, T. gondii will evade the host clearance, allowing it to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), infecting neurons where it transitions into slow-growing cysts, leading to a life-long chronic infection. Recently, studies have suggested that T. gondii infection may exacerbate the decline of cognitive function. The BBB is critical for restricting neurotoxic blood-derived products, leukocytes, and pathogens from entering the brain. Studies have shown that BBB dysfunction and damage to the barrier integrity may also contribute to cognitive impairment. Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and its neuropathology is associated with b-amyloid plaques. Familial Alzheimer’s Disease is associated with the proteins, presenilin-1 and presenilin-2, encoded by PSEN1 and PSEN2. Mutations in these two genes contribute to early onset AD. Furthermore, dementia has been linked with an increased breakdown of the BBB. Therefore, we hypothesized that T. gondii infection will exacerbate barrier damage and dysfunction in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) containing familial AD mutations compared to healthy controls.
Experimental Design
To test our hypothesis, we infected human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived BMECs, which display near in vivo like BBB properties, containing the familial AD PSEN2 mutation or healthy controls with T. gondii.
Results
Using immunofluorescence and transendothelial electrical resistance, our results show that BMECs containing the PSEN2 mutation have a quicker onset of barrier damage, but we observed no difference in the loss of tight junctions ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-5 compared to healthy controls after infection.
Potential Impact
These data suggest that a T. gondii infection can exacerbate the breakdown of the BBB in patients with the PSEN2 mutation, worsening the prognosis of familial AD patients.
Microplastic Identification and Quantification in Biological Samples
Authors: Helms Kennedy , Gettis Kimberly , Hall Abigail , Christodoulides Alexei , Alves Nathan J. 
Published: January 2024

Background
The convenience and durability of plastics has made it a staple in the manufacturing industry, but without adequate recycling, these plastics are filling landfills at an alarming rate. This plastic waste is broken down into micro- and nano-plastics that have been found in both marine and terrestrial environments. The potential ramifications of accumulating plastic particles in the environment are of urgent attention as humans are exposed to these particles through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure. Due to the lack of consensus of the effect microplastics have on the coagulation cascade, our aim was to form clots under various conditions so that a comparison can be drawn.
Methods
We utilized varying sizes (500-2,000 nm) and concentrations (25-250 µg/ml) of non-functionalized polystyrene (nPS) microplastics to characterize their effect on clot size, strength, and anatomy using ex-vivo shear flow clot formation of human whole blood via a Chandler loop apparatus. Additionally, we studied the effect of fluorescent Nile red dye (NR, ex/em: 545/625 nm) on clotting dynamics and visualization of microplastic particles via fluorescence microscopy.
Results
Ex-vivo clots were made (422 s-1 shear at increasing nanoplastic concentrations), sectioned, and utilized for quantification optimization in histological processing to preserve plastic integrity and fluorescent signal. NR-dyed microplastics were shown to produce sufficient fluorescent signal for imaging. Images were taken at various magnifications (4x-40x) and exposure times (100µs-500ms) using brightfield and fluorescent microscopy (Cy3 filter) on a Nikon Eclipse Ni microscope and a Nikon DS-Ri2 Microscope camera.
Potential Impacts
These results highlight the need for further analysis of the effects of microplastics on the coagulation cascade, as well as further optimization of techniques used to identify and quantify microplastics in complex biological samples.
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis within the Pediatric Hereditary Polyposis Registry
Authors: Anderson Brendan , Zhang Tina 
Published: January 2024

Background/Objective:
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) is a condition characterized by values exceeding hundreds of colorectal adenomatous polyps. FAP has a prevalence of 1 in 8,300 people, demonstrating an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. This condition follows a pathogenic variation of the Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) gene, located on chromosome 5q21-22. These mutations are heavily correlated with the incidence of colorectal carcinoma, requiring prophylactic colectomy. The management and treatment of FAP requires routine surveillance to reduce gastrointestinal polyp burden. The objective for this study is to characterize the current patient population at Riley with polyposis syndromes and assess clinical surveillance in patients diagnosed with FAP.
Methods:
Historical data from 2020-2022 GI clinical visits were reviewed using the diagnostic codes Family history of colonic polyps, Benign neoplasm of colon unspecified, and Other phakomatoses not elsewhere classified. These criteria identified 93 patients of which 64 patients were diagnosed with a hereditary polyposis syndrome for inclusion within the registry. Of the 64 patients, 42 had a diagnosis of FAP. Clinical data reviewed included the patient’s age of diagnosis, completion of genetic testing and follow-up, surgical treatment, routine endoscopic surveillance, and modes of imaging.
Results:
Results indicated a median age of diagnosis of 10 years, lower than previously reported national averages of 13.5-17 years. Evaluation of routine follow-up indicated a rate of endoscopy at 0.822 scopes per year and demonstrated that abdominal CT scans as well as abdominal X-rays were the most common supplemental modes of imaging.
Conclusion/ Future Directions:
The data from this registry will help direct care of patients with FAP, ensuring they receive treatment in accordance with national guidelines for routine surveillance and prophylactic colectomy. Moving forward, the intention is to expand the registry's date range to incorporate more patients and elaborate further on endoscopic findings for the specific subtypes of FAP.
Effects of Social Determinants of Health on Clinical Outcomes in Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis Patients
Authors: Ayub Jinan , De Laosa Mary , Bilinski Sarah , Chmiel James , Sanders Don B. 
Published: January 2024

Background and Objective:
Advances in the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) with cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator modulators have improved morbidity and mortality, however, clinical outcomes vary among genetically similar patients due to contributions of social determinants of health (SDOH). Pancreatic insufficiency, CF-related diabetes (CFRD), Pseudomonas infections, and lower BMI increase risk of severe lung disease, measured by forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). This project aims to identify socially vulnerable patients and evaluate the impact of SDOH on clinical outcomes.
Methods:
From January to July 2023, SDOH screeners were distributed to families of children with CF at Riley Hospital for Children, documenting transportation, housing, food insecurity, insurance, and medication costs. Clinical outcomes for each patient including FEV1% predicted, BMI/WFL percentile, CFRD, hospitalizations, respiratory infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and pancreatic insufficiency within the past 12 months were recorded. Patients were categorized by SDOH vulnerability, and associations with poor clinical outcomes were analyzed using the Chi-squared test of independence.
Results:
A total of 193 screeners were analyzed: males represented 52.6% of the cohort, 2.60% identified as non-white race, and 3.65% reported Hispanic ethnicity. Overall, 51.8% screened positive for at least one SDOH (SDOH+) and 48.1% screened negative (SDOH-). The average FEV1% predicted decline among SDOH+ patients was 5.79% and 3.51% among SDOH- patients. SDOH+ patients were more likely to have at least a 5% decline in FEV1% predicted (p=0.037) and to be hospitalized due to exacerbations of CF lung disease at least once in the past 12 months (p=0.030). Although low BMI percentile, Pseudomonas infection, and CFRD were not significantly associated with SDOH, socially vulnerable patients demonstrated higher rates of these clinical outcomes.
Conclusion and Clinical Implications:
SDOH impact CF clinical outcomes. Screeners are effective in identifying socially vulnerable patients and serve as the first step in addressing unmet social needs.
Teorias com abordagens semióticas: possibilidade de um diálogo interteórico
Authors: Faria Renata Aparecida de 
Published: January 2024

As teorias apresentadas nesse texto possuem abordagem semiótica, mas enfoques distintos: a Teoria dos Registros de Representação Semiótica (TRRS), desenvolvida por Raymond Duval, apresenta um enfoque cognitivo em que os registros de representações são inerentes ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem de matemática e possibilitam a análise das atividades cognitivas de formação, tratamento e conversão. O enfoque sócio cultural que delimita os Os pressupostos da Teoria da Objetivação (TO), teoria em desenvolvimento proposta por Luis Radford considera o Labor Comum como fundamental aos processos de objetivação e subjetivação, ancorados pelos meios semióticos de objetivação. Desse modo, indicamos as especificidades quanto aos princípios, metodologia e questões investigativas de cada teoria seguida de resoluções de uma situação do contexto da Early Algebra, com estudantes dos 6? ano de uma escola da rede pública do norte do Paraná, como ilustração para análise sob as lentes do referencial da TO e da TRRS. A possibilidade de um diálogo interteórico surge das especificidades e inferências da análise quantos aos elementos de cada teoria, onde se conclui que mesmo com aspectos ontológicos e epistemológicos distintos, ambas as teorias emergem de modo síncrono.
Modelagem Matemática e a sala de aula: um olhar a partir dos professores participantes de formação continuada
Authors: Martens Adan Santos , Klüber Tiago Emanuel 
Published: January 2024

A presente pesquisa decorre da análise dos materiais significativos da dissertação do primeiro autor orientada pelo segundo, enlaçados pela interrogação de pesquisa: O que se mostra sobre a prática da Modelagem Matemática em sala de aula pelos professores participantes de cursos de formações de Modelagem em contexto de pesquisa? Após realizada a hermenêutica dos dados oriundos do depoimento de sete professores participantes de formações continuada em Modelagem em contexto de pesquisa, compreende-se que a prática da Modelagem Matemática pelos professores está condicionada à superação de formações realizadas apenas com fins de pesquisa, relativamente curto, diferente do tempo necessário para que o professor se sinta seguro para adotar a Modelagem em sala de aula. Outras compreensões revelam que há uma aceitação e validação da Modelagem pelos professores, no entanto, a desenvolvem apenas enquanto participam da formação continuada e ao mesmo tempo que há um acompanhamento do formador.
A holografia como uma possibilidade para o ensino: uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Boaventura França Michelle Cristina , Gonçalves Tadeu Oliver , Coelho Lameirão Soraia Valéria de Oliveira 
Published: January 2024

A holografia é uma técnica que consiste em reflexões que utilizam raios lasers em superfícies de vidro, resultando em um holograma. Esse método foi desenvolvido por Dennis Gabor quando buscava melhorar a qualidade de imagem do microscópio eletrônico e, acidentalmente, deu origem ao holograma. O objetivo do presente artigo foi realizar o levantamento de textos que trazem conceitos e possibilidades da utilização da holografia, holograma e “pirâmide holográfica” no ensino. A metodologia abordada foi a de revisão bibliográfica. A busca foi realizada na base de dados da CAPES com acesso ao espaço CAFE, sem recorte de tempo. Os resultados encontrados foram sete artigos que versam a respeito da aplicação dessas técnicas na aprendizagem e a predominância da holografia, holograma e ‘’pirâmide holográfica’’ nas áreas de física e engenharia. Também ficou evidente que essa temática aborda uma discussão recente para a área do ensino, além disso, a pesquisa mostrou que as literaturas disponíveis nas bases de dados são de predominância internacional. Como conclusão, a holografia, o holograma e a ‘’pirâmide holográfica’’ são propostas novas e enriquecedoras no campo educacional, apesar de haver distinções de conceitos, é possível utilizar essas técnicas no contexto de sala de aula, auxiliando os docentes e facilitando a aprendizagem de determinados conteúdos.
Da’wah Rhetoric by Ustadz Abdul Somad and Ustadz Adi Hidayat in Conveying Da’wah Messages
Authors: Malik Rif'atul Khoiriah , Thibburruhany Thibburruhany , Anshori Muhammad , Hasibuan Zanniro Sururi , Ilaihi Wahyu , Ali Muhamad 
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research is to look UAS and UAH da’wah rhetoric to conveying da’wah messages in the public through YouTube media. The researchers examines using Aristotle's rhetorical theory. This type of study is digital research method, especially using YouTube as metadata. YouTube is the most successful accessed media. The methodology has two modules, a video discovery and a video meta-data collection.This study found three important findings.First, ethos dimension, UAS and UAH both have equal credibility in terms of their knowledge in the fields of monotheism, fiqh, worship, and morals. The difference lies in the power of expertise they have. UAS has slank vocabulary, experts in making analogies, and proficient in placing spontaneous humor. While UAH can be seen from his mastery of the semantics and thematics of the Qur'an as well as the location and position of the verses of the Qur'an. Second, pathos dimension, UAS and UAH both touch the emotions of the audience and spread love using advice and prayers. Last, logos dimension, UAS and UAH both have historical knowledge, ability to make analogies, create fiction, abstract experiences, and logical abilities.
State Actors in Agrarian Conflicts
Authors: Rahmawati Etika , Rahayu Esmi Warassih Pudji , Sukirno Sukirno 
Published: January 2024

This study focuses on the involvement of state actors in agrarian conflict. Various policies have been introduced in order to resolve the agrarian conflicts. However, the existence of these policies did not necessarily bring about positive changes in the subsequent years. From 2012 to 2022 (a decade), agrarian conflicts have become increasingly uncontrollable. Throughout the year 2022, there were at least 212 eruptions of agrarian conflicts in various investment and corporate-based business sectors. Permits, concessions, and land rights continued to be granted to companies, even though these companies had caused numerous agrarian conflicts within the community. The implementation of the rule of law concept has not been able to be fully realized as it should. The ongoing agrarian conflicts have demonstrated how the state acts based on power when directly dealing with the community. Using the theories of legitimacy and space production, the issues regarding agrarian conflicts and the state actors involved will be analyzed in-depth.

Keywords: Agrarian Conflict, State Actors, Rule of Law
Governance and Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers in Malaysia
Authors: Prianto Andi Luhur , Amri Aqmal Reza , Ajis Mohd Na’eim 
Published: January 2024

Protecting Indonesian migrant workers (IMWs) in Malaysia is a matter of great significance due to Indonesia's status as one of the primary source countries for migrant workers to Malaysia. Consequently, it necessitates the implementation of comprehensive governance measures by both nations. This paper aims to analyze the joint endeavors and collaborative frameworks established between governments of Indonesia and Malaysia. Additionally, it seeks to identify the network of policies and innovations enacted in both countries related to the protection and regulation of migrant workers. This research was enhanced through the utilization of NVivo qualitative analysis software. This article shows that efforts to protect IMWs in Malaysia involve many government institutions in both countries, especially at ministerial and departmental levels. The policies established between the two countries are also able to support the success of migrant protection, especially with the agreement between the two countries in the form of signing a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU). This MoU gave birth to innovation in digital-based migrant worker protection services, namely a "one channel system" as the only official mechanism for recruiting workers. However, at the implementation stage, this innovation has not gone well and necessitated a sincere effort from both countries in implementing it, especially Malaysia as the destination country.

Keywords: Indonesian Migrant Workers, Policy Network, Innovation, Governance
A Review: Artificial Intelligence Related to Agricultural Equipment Integrated with the Internet of Things
Authors: Wildan Juhen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract—The development of modern technology has brought progress to the agricultural sector. Previously, farming was carried out using traditional methods, resulting in lower crop production. Now the world is faced with various problems, there are challenges such as climate fluctuations and increasing human population. This problem causes food needs to increase drastically, so adopting Industry 4.0 technology in the agricultural sector is necessary. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) are part of industrial technology advances 4.0 that can be applied to modern agriculture. This paper reviews several AI technologies used in the agricultural sector, such as Fuzzy Logic (FL), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DL), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Decision Support System (DSS). The application form of integration between AI and IoT is divided into several categories: soil monitoring, agricultural irrigation, fertilizer spraying, pest and plant disease control, harvesting, forecasting, and yield monitoring. This review paper was created to provide a comprehensive overview of modern agriculture integrating AI and IoT. This form of application makes it possible to predict the future of agriculture so that it can manage resources more efficiently and run autonomously. This review aims to analyze and explore the latest developments in integrating AI and IoT in agricultural equipment in the period 2019 to 2023. Thus, it is hoped that this article can provide in-depth insight into future agricultural technology advances.

Keywords—Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), Agriculture, Integration of AI and IoT, Smart farming.
Collembola Communities Reflect Soil Recovery After Fire in <em>Mediterranean Pinus</em> pinaster Forests
Authors: Luciáñez María José , Serena Alicia 
Published: January 2024

In the present work we have studied the short-term edaphic recovery of a burned pine forest of Pinus pinaster Aiton in Cerro del Castillo (Sierra de Guadarrama, Central Spain) in which a hydrological-forestry restoration was being carried out after the fire occurred in July 2022. For this purpose, variations in physicochemical properties (conductivity, relative humidity, organic matter and pH) and collembolan communities were analyzed by comparing the soils of a natural pine forest and a burned pine forest during the 24 weeks after the fire in 3 different samplings. With the data obtained, a series of diversity indices were calculated and statistical analyses such as ANOVA, hierarchical classification and principal component analysis were developed, with the aim of understanding in greater depth the recovery of collembolan populations, the changes in these physicochemical variables and the relationships between both parameters.
This study shows how the fire reduced the amount of organic matter and water, and increased soil pH and conductivity, affecting edaphic fauna populations. In the short term, there was an increase in relative humidity and a decrease in electrical conductivity.
The edaphic fauna communities of the burned pine forest increased their diversity and equity without reaching the values of the natural pine forest. At the specific level, however, the springtail populations matched the richness and even reached a very slightly higher Shanon-Wiener diversity index than that the natural pine forest populations in just 24 weeks. Finally, it was observed that the samples from the burned pine forest with recovered collembolan populations had the closest physicochemical parameters to those of the natural pine forest.