bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Adding Aqueous Extract of Moringa oleifera Leaves in Drinking Water on some of the Reproductive Characteristics for Lohmann Brown Rooster Breeder
Authors: Jaber Ahmad Saadi , Ali Emad Abd Al-Jabbar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study, which took place from December 8, 2022, to February 15, 2023, over the course of 10 weeks in the Department of Animal Production at Al-Qasim Green University’s Faculty of Agriculture, was to determine the impact, if any, that varying concentrations of an aqueous extract of the leaves of the Moringa Oleifera plant had on the reproductive and physiological qualities and the rates of hatching and fertilization for rooster breeders of the laying hen the first, a group that drank water without any flavorings or other additions, For the second, add 20 ml of an aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves per litre of drinking water; for the third, add 40 ml; for the fourth, add 60 ml; for the fifth, add 80 ml; and for the sixth and final treatment, add 100 ml of an aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves per litre of drinking water. As for estimating the individual movement of the sperm, we note from the results a superiority (P0.05) for the third, fourth, and fifth treatments compared to the first treatment in the fourth week. The results also showed a superiority (P0.05) for the second treatment in estimating the size of the ejaculate size compared to the first, third, and fifth treatments. The results revealed that the concentration of sperm increased significantly (P 0.05) after the second, third, fourth, and fifth treatments compared to the first.
Effect of Adding Different Levels of Proanthocyanidin in Laying Hens Diet on Productive Performance
Authors: Abbas Nbras Kadhim , Ali Nihad Abdul–Lateef 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The research was carried out at the college of Agriculture/Al-Qasim Green University’s Department of Animal Production farm. The experimental field trial ran for 16 weeks, from March 19, 2022, to July 2, 2022 (divided into four 4-week phases). The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of supplementing chicken diets with varying concentrations of the Proanthocyanidin chemical on egg production, quality, and oxidation markers. During the experiment’s breeding phase, which was split into four experimental periods (ages 53–56 weeks, 57–60 weeks, 61–64 weeks, and 65–68 weeks), 105 Lohmann brown laying hens were used.15 pens were set up with 5 experimental treatments for each treatment of 21 birds, and each treatment contained 3 duplicates per 7 birds, all fed according to the standards outlined in the Lohmann Brown Layer Managements Guide. The following procedures were used in the pilot programme:In the first phase, a non-experimental group served as a control. Second, 100 milligrammes of proanthocyanidin per kilogramme of feed was given to a standard diet. Third, we have a standard diet with 200 milligrammes of proanthocyanidin per kilogramme of feed. Fourthly, a standard diet with 300 milligrammes of Proanthocyanidin per kilogramme of feed was used. Fifthly, we have a standard diet with 400 milligrammes of proanthocyanidin per kilogramme of feed. Key findings from the research include: Compared to the control group, the third, fourth, and fifth treatments significantly increased (p0.05) egg production rate, cumulative number of eggs, egg weight, egg mass, and feed conversion coefficient. - Shell thickness (in millimetres) and relative weight (in percent) were best for treatments three through five. In contrast, albumin height (in millimetres) and hu units improved significantly (p 0.05) for treatments four and five compared to the control therapy (treatment one).
Detecting Polymorphisms of Mutation (C519T) Sit 112480 of Gene Foxo3 and its Associations with Reproductive Performance of Awassi Sheep
Authors: Ibadi Nahedh Hamzah , Senkal Riath Hamad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The current study was conducted on a sample of 45 local Awassi ewe, with ages ranging from 2-4 years. These ewes produced 54 newborns, and the ages and weights of these newborns were monitored from birth until the sixth month of life for the period from 1/5/2022 to 6/25/2022 at Al-Fayhaa Sheep Station / Babylon Agricultural Directorate / Ministry of Agriculture. As for laboratory analyzes, they were conducted in the laboratories of the Scientific Advancement Company for Molecular Genetics for the period from 1/5/2022 to 6/25/2022. For the purpose of extracting DNA material, and determining the genotypes of the Foxo3 gene through the genotype of the mutation (Sit 112480)) T519C and studying the effect of this mutation on the studied characteristics, which are daily milk production (DMY), milk components, growth characteristics of lambs (different weights and ages), the rate of weight gain between weights mentioned above, growth rate, live mothers’ weights, mothers’ body dimensions, type of delivery (twins or singles). This formed mutation, which was found in the second segment of exon No. 2 of the Foxo3 gene, was amplified with a size of 420 bp N-hall using the nucleotide sequencing technique. This mutation produced three genotypes (TT, TC, and CC), and the ratios of genotypes were (0.00, 53.66, 46.34), sequentially. The variance between these ratios was highly significant (p≤0.01), and the allelic frequency was 0.27, 0.73 for both the T and C alleles. It was clear from the results that the effect of the different genotypes of the Foxo3 gene was not significant for the characteristic of daily milk production, and some other components of milk except for the percentage of fat were significant (p≤0.05). Weight between birth weight and weaning weight, and the results also show that there are significant differences for the type of birth characteristic (P≤0.05). There were no significant differences in the different genotypes of the Foxo3 gene for the characteristics represented by the body dimensions of the mothers and the live weight of the mothers, as well as the growth characteristics of the lambs, which are represented by the weight for the first three months of life and the rate of weight gain between them. It can be concluded from the previous results of this study the possibility of adopting the distinct genotypes of the Foxo3 gene for this genotype in the genetic improvement programs of the studied Awassi sheep to obtain the best economic return by selecting and cross-crossing the distinct genotypes in the characteristics that achieved the best ratios as well as the weight rates.
Effect of Dried Oregano Leaves (Origanum vulgare) on Chicken Productive Traits
Authors: Ali Nihad Abdul-Lateef , Al-Kassie Galib A. , Al-Rubaie Abdul-Razzak L. , Al-Timimi Ihsan H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Between the dates of 9/18/2019 and 10/23/2019, researchers from the Animal Production Department at the College of Agriculture at Al-Qasim Green University will carry out their study. There were 240 Ross 308 chickens employed in the study. The baby chicks were split into four groups for the various experiments. The following parameters of drinking water were examined when a suspension of leaves extract was added at concentrations of 0, 3, 5, and 7 ml/liter: body mass index, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and mortality rate The results demonstrated that the average live body weight, total weight increase, and feed intake of the broilers were significantly enhanced by supplementing their diet with an aqueous extract of Origanum vulgare leaves. Both the feed conversion factor and the mortality rate were rather constant throughout all trials.
Effect of Feeding Common Carp with Different Quantities of a Certified Commercial Feed on Haematological Parameters, Blood Indicators and Cortisol Hormone Levels
Authors: Fayyad Al-Hamza A. , Abedalhammed H. S. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted at fish laboratory affiliated to the department of animal production/ college of agriculture/ University of Anbar. The experiment lasted eight weeks (5 /Sep / 2022-31 /Oct / 2022) in Aquatic Recirculating System (ARS), to examine the appropriate effect of feeding common carp with different quantities of a certified commercial feed on hematological parameters, blood indicators, and cortisol hormone levels revealed that significant differences among the treatments. In the second treatment (T2), there was significant improvement (P≤0.05) in red blood cell count, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and white blood cell count compared to the other experimental treatments. Treatment four (T4) showed superiority in lymphocyte count, while treatment three (T3) exhibited higher values in both monocytes count and monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (P≤0.05). regarding the biochemical blood parameters, treatments T6, T5, T4, T2, and T1 demonstrated significant superiority (P≥0.05) over treatment three (T3) in terms of cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, ALT enzyme, and AST enzyme. However, high-density lipoprotein exhibited significant differences (P≤0.05) in treatments T5 and T4. As for cortisol levels, treatment two (T2) displayed significant superiority over the other experimental treatments (P>0.05).
Impact of Adding Aqueous Extract of Mentha Pulegium and Lemon and its Mixture to Drinking Water on some Growth Performance and Intestine Organs of Broiler Chicken
Authors: Kadhim Mohammed Jard 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The research was conducted to detect some of growth and gastrointestinal performance of broiler chickens fed with aqueous extract of mentha pulegium or lemon, which are alternative growth stimulants. In the study 324 day-old chicks (Ross 308) were used. There were 4 feed treatments each consisting of 3 replicates (27 chicks per iteration). The control group ( C ) was fed on basal diet without adding, while the other three groups were fed on basic ration with the addition of (0.5%) aqueous extract of mentha pulegium (AEM) and (0.5%) aqueous extract of lemon (AEL) and (0.2.5%) aqueous extract of mentha pulegium plus (0.2.5%) aqueous extract of lemon (AEM+AEL) in drinking water, respectively. Feed intake and body weight were measured every week. At the age of 35 days, four birds were slaughtered for each replicate, the relative weights of edible internal organs, intestines, relative length of intestines and abdominal fat were calculated. Results showed that from 1 to 35 days of age, body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion coefficient were higher (p < 0.05) in broiler chickens fed on the aqueous extract of mentha pulegium compared to the control. Lemon treatment and the mix has no obvious effect on productive characteristics compared to control group. The prorated weights of internal organs (edible), intestines and the prorated length of the intestines were impacted by the contents of mentha pulegium. The use of mentha pulegium and lemon alone or in combination reduces the weight of abdominal fat compared to the control group. Thus, mentha pulegium and lemon have an extensive range of investigation and future studies and need to take advantage of their potential benefits in order to develop animal production, particular the poultry industry.
Effect of Adding Fermented Juice of Epiphytic Lactic Acid Bacteria Prepared with Different Sources and Levels of Soluble Carbohydrates on Chemical Composition, Fermentation and Quality Characteristics of Wheat Straw Silages
Authors: Hussian Haithem M. , Saeed Ali A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted in Nutrition laboratory belonged to Animal Production Department-Agriculture College - Al-Qasim Green University to investigate the effect of adding fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) prepared with different sources and levels of water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) on chemical composition, fermentation and quality characteristics of wheat straw silages (WSS). The FJLB was prepared from wild reed plant with three sources of WSC including glucose (G) at 1 and 2% (w/v, FJLB-G1, FJLB-G2), cane molasses (M) at 3 and 5% (w/v, FJLB-M3, FJLB-M5) and date molasses (D) at 3 and 5% (w/v, FJLB-D3, FJLB-D5). According to the source and level of FJLB, six samples of WSS were prepared by adding each FJLB at level of 1%. For control WWS, distilled water was added at similar quantity as FJLB (WWS-C). Urea and molasses were added to all samples at level of 1 and 10% on dry matter (DM) basis. Samples of WSS were tightly packed in double plastic bags and ensiled anaerobically for 45 days. Color of WSS samples were characterized with acceptable smell. Results showed that there was a significant decrease (p<0.01) in DM content of WWS samples prepared with FJLB-M3 and FJLB-M5 as compared with WWS-C. However, crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE) and crude fiber (CF) contents in WWS were not affected by addition of FJLB. Addition of FJLB improved fermentation characteristics of WWS, lactic acid (LA) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) were significantly (p<0.01) increased. Moreover, lower (p<0.01) DM losses were estimated in WSS prepared FJLBs.
Study of the Heavy Metals Concentration Level in the Water and Sediment and some Tissues of the Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella V. Cultured in Cages in the Euphrates River
Authors: Nasser Zahraa Hussein , Fahad Kamil K. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The current study was conducted in Thi Qar Governorate, Nasiriyah city on one of the private farms, grass carp were cultured, to determine the effect of some heavy elements (cadmium, copper and zinc) in the water and sediments of the Euphrates River, measuring the concentration of elements in some parts (gills, muscles and viscera) of grass carp fish. Water, sediment and fish samples were collected monthly from 11/8/2022 to 4/8/2023. The study also included field tests such as air and water temperature measurements, the air temperature ranged between 11-29 C, and the water temperature ranged between 9-25 C. Heavy metals were measured in water, sediment and fish tissues by flame atomic absorption spectrometer. The results showed the highest total concentration of cadmium in the water during April and copper in February and April, as for zinc, it recorded the highest concentration during April. The highest concentration of cadmium was recorded in the gills and muscles during April. The highest concentration of cadmium in the guts was recorded in the winter. Copper had the highest concentration in the gills and muscles during April. Zinc recorded high concentrations in the viscera, muscles and gills. As for the sediments, the values of cadmium ranged from 0.104-0.223 μg/L. Copper recorded values ranging between 5.07-13.2 μg/L. Zinc values ranged between 29.87-59.2 μg/L. The results showed that the accumulation of heavy elements was as follows: Concentrations in the water of zinc>cadmium>copper. Concentrations in the sediments of zinc> copper>cadmium. In tissues: Cadmium viscera>gills>muscle. gillscopper>viscera>muscles. Viscera>gills>muscles.
Pollution Levels of Three Heavy Elements and some Environmental Factors for Mud Farm Water North of Thi-Qar
Authors: Joudah Sarah Kadhim , Fahad Kamil kadhim 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The current study was conducted to determine the levels of pollution of the three heavy elements, and some environmental factors for the water of a mud farm north of Thi Qar district of Shatrah, at the village of Al-Ajja Al-Buhan, near Hor Al-Ghomqa, it is 55 km away from the center of Al-Nasiriyah, from 5/11/2022 to 5/4/2023. The study included measuring the temperature of water and air, turbidity, electrical connection, salinity, total dissolved solids, pH and dissolved oxygen. Water samples were analyzed on a monthly basis. The results of the study showed that the air temperature ranged between 22-30 °C, the water temperature ranges between 17-20°C, turbidity ranges from 8.11-11.3 NTU, the electrical conductivity of the salinity recorded values ranging from 1.19-1.99 μS/cm, total dissolved solids recorded values ranging between 6543 - 11165 mg / L, the pH values range from 7.17-7.98, between neutral to lightly basic, dissolved oxygen values ranged between 6.77-8.9 mg/L during the months of the experiment. Standard methods were used to estimate the concentrations of heavy metals in water, by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that the highest total concentration of zinc, copper and cadmium, recorded in water during the months of the year amounted to 22.89, 1.99 and 2.99 μg / L, respectively. The results showed that the accumulation of elements heavy was, concentrations in the water of zinc > copper > cadmium.
Effect of Adding Fermented Juice of Epiphytic Lactic Acid Bacteria Prepared with Different Sources of Soluble Carbohydrates on Fermentation Characteristics of Wheat Straw Silage, Rumen Fermentation and Nutrients Digestibility by Awassi Lambs
Authors: Hussian Haithem M. , Saeed Ali A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effect of using different sources of water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) in preparation of fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) added at ensiling on fermentation characteristics of wheat straw silages (WSS), rumen fermentation and nutrients digestibility by Awassi lambs. The FJLBs were prepared from wild reed plant with glucose at 2% (w/v, FJLB-G), cane molasses at 5% (w/v, FJLB-M) or date molasses at 5% (w/v, FJLB-D). Wheat straw were ensiled for 45 days with addition of FJLBs at level of 1%, for control WSS, distilled water was added at similar quantity as FJLB (WWS-C). Urea and molasses were added to all WSS at level of 1 and 10% on dry matter (DM) basis. Twelve lambs were used in 4 treatments with 3 lambs per each. Lambs were fed concentrate diet at 3% of their BW with free allowances of WSS. Results revealed that ensiling WS with FJLBs improved silage fermentation as evidenced by lower (P<0.01) pH and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) concentration together with higher (P<0.01) lactic acid (LA) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentrations. Higher (P<0.01) digestibilities of most nutrients including cell wall components were associated with lambs fed WSS-M and WSS-D as compared with those fed WSS-G and WSS-C. However, higher (P<0.01) organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP), digestibilities were recorded by lambs fed WSS-M. Moreover, ruminal NH3-N and VFA were positively influenced by feeding WSS prepared with FJLB in general, FJLB-M and FJLB-D in particular.
Response of Broiler to Addition Dimethylglycine of Normal and Low-Energy Diets in Productive Performance
Authors: Hazaa Ahmed Abdulsalam , Nafea Husam Hikmet 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The research was conducted in poultry fields in the Department of Animal Production / College of Agriculture / University of Anbar for the period starting from the third of September 2022 until the fourteenth of December 2022 (42 days), and The purpose of the study was to find out the effect adding dimethylglycine to diets Regular and low-energy diets on productive performance of broiler chickens. 180 Ross 308 unsexed chicks, 1 day old and average weight of 37.8 g, were used, distributed to two groups depending on the energy level in the diet (normal diet and low energy diet), each group was treated with dimethylglycine at levels (0, 300 and 600 mg / In kg of fed), The results showed a significant improvement (P < 0.05) for the addition treatments 0, 300 and 600 mg / kg feed in average body weight, weight gain and feed conversion factor compared to control treatments. As for the interaction between the trait of the diet and the additives, a significant improvement (P < 0.05) was observed in the treatment of the regular ration by adding 300 DMG / kg feed compared to the rest of the treatments, then this was followed by the treatment with reduced food rations without addition or with the addition of 300 DMG / kg fed. We conclude that adding DMG at the above levels to the regular and low-energy diets The productive performance of broilers improved without any negative effect.
Effect of a Low-Protein Diet with Different Levels of Amino Acid Mixture in Laying Hens on their Performance and Some Qualitative Characteristics of Eggs
Authors: Al-Bayati Omar I. , Al-Mashhadani Hisham A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted for the period from 1/1/2022 to 1/8/2022 (210 days), to study the effect of replacing the mixture of amino acids (methionine, lysine, and threonine) instead of the protein concentrate in the diets of laying hens that reduced crude protein by (1, 1.5, 2%) in some qualitative characteristics of eggs. In the study, (128) laying hens of the Lohmann Brown type were used, at the age of (21) weeks, preceded by two weeks of preparation for the herd. They were randomly distributed among 8 treatments, with 8 replications for each treatment, as each repetition includes (2) chickens (16 chickens/treatment). And the experimental treatments were as follows: T1 the control (standard diet), T2 (a treatment devoid of the protein concentrate), and the treatments T3, T4, and T5 (in which the percentage of crude protein was reduced by 1% and a mixture of amino acids consisting of methionine, lysine, and threonine was added by 1, 1.5, and 2%, respectively)., and treatments T6, T7, and T8 (in which the percentage of crude protein was reduced by 2% and a mixture of amino acids consisting of methionine, lysine, and threonine was added by 1, 1.5, and 2%, respectively). The results showed that there was a significant (P < 0.05) superiority for the treatments T1, T4, and T8 in yolk weight, yolk diameter, yolk relative weight, and yolk index at the middle of the experiment at the age of (21-32) weeks, while both were significantly superior (P < 0.05) From the coefficients T2, T9, T10 in the yolk weight, yolk height, yolk diameter, and the relative weight of the yolk in the last period of the experiment, The results showed a significant superiority (P < 0.05) for treatments T1, T8, and T10 when calculating the Albumin weight, Albumin height, Albumin diameter, and the relative weight of the egg, Treatments T2 and T3 were significantly (P<0.05) superior when measuring the weight of the eggshell, the relative weight of the eggshell, and the average thickness of the eggshell, compared with most of the experimental treatments. These results indicate that there is a qualitative improvement for some of the studied traits when adding the mixture of amino acids and reducing the percentage of total protein by 1.2% compared to the control group that does not contain amino acids.