bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of the Synthesis and Purification of 6-[18F]Fluoropiperonal, Synthon for the Preparation of Complex Molecules Used as PET Tracers
Authors: Vaulina D. D. , Orlovskaya V. V. , Fedorova O. S. , Kuznetsova O. F. , Krasikova R. N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
An optimized synthesis method for 6-[18F]fluoropiperonal (6-[18F]FP) via nucleophilic substitution of the nitro group in the precursor molecule (nitropiperonal, 6-NP) with [18F]fluoride in the presence of tetrabutylammonium tosylate has been proposed. Using this weakly basic phase transfer catalyst, the amount of initial 6-NP in the reaction was reduced from 4.0 to 0.2 mg with negligible amounts after subsequent treatment of the reaction mixture with a strong base (potassium methoxide). In turn, this made it possible to separate 6-[18F]FP and 6-NP with similar physicochemical properties by a simple and efficient solid-phase extraction technique on disposable cartridges. 6-[18F]FP was fabricated with 99% radiochemical purity and a radiochemical yield of 10%. The content of unreacted 6-NP did not exceed 1 µg/mL, which is comparable to the results of laborious semi-preparative HPLC purification.
A guide to the QCD light-cone sum rules for b-quark decays
Authors: Khodjamirian Alexander , Melić Blaženka , Wang Yu-Ming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe overview the current status and future perspectives of the QCD-based method of light-cone sum rules. The two main versions of these sum rules, using light-meson and B-meson distribution amplitudes are introduced and the most important applications of the method are discussed. We also outline open problems and future perspectives of this method.
A Hybrid Optimization-Based Artificial Neural Network Model for Wireless Power Transfer in Electric Vehicles
Authors: Jog Pranjal Amit , Kumawat R. K. 
Published: December 2023

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are powered by a battery mounted in the vehicle, which powers the motor and drives the wheels. Most commercial EVs can be charged by plugging them into a charging station. Such conductive recharging has various drawbacks, including physical plugging of the cable, safety concerns, and charging time. Manually charging EVs might be dangerous due to the chance of an electric spark or disaster. Advances in Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) demonstrate the capacity to transfer significant amounts of electricity over short and medium-range distances. The ultimate purpose of this paper is to improve the efficacy of electric car wireless charging systems. Here, a hybrid optimization-based Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model is applied to improve the efficacy of the WPT model in EVs. To optimize the weights of the ANN classifier, a hybrid approach termed as Grasshopper-Assisted Elephant Herd Optimization (GA-EHO) method is proposed. The GA-EHO is derived through the hybridization of Elephant Herd Optimization (EHO) Algorithm and the Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) techniques. Finally, the experimental study reveals that at 70% learning rate, the proposed ANN system achieves a minimal MSE value of 0.0528, which is lower than other current classifiers, such as SVM, LSTM, and CNN.
Experimental Study of L-shaped Silastic Stents for Microvascular Anastomosis
Authors: HARA Yoshiyuki 
Published: December 2023

Background: The stent technique of microvascular anastomosis, in which a stent is placed in the vessel before creating the anastomosis, is useful for accurate anastomosis formation, but the manipulation involved in stent insertion into the vessel and withdrawal from the anastomosis still poses problems. In this study, a silastic stent containing a copper wire-bent in an L-shape was designed and its utility in microvascular anastomosis was investigated in rats. Methods: Eighty end-to-end anastomosis procedures of the right femoral artery and vein were performed in rats. Anastomoses were conducted either by the conventional method (Method C) or using L-shaped silastic stents (Method L), with anastomosis condition assessed after one side had been sutured, at the completion of vascular anastomosis and on postoperative day 7. Results: After one side had been sutured, suture errors were observed in three veins with Method C. At the completion of vascular anastomosis, impaired blood flow was observed in two arteries and two veins with Method C, and in one artery with Method L. On postoperative day 7, impaired blood flow was observed in one artery and one vein with Method C and in one vein with Method L. Conclusions: The use of L-shaped silastic stents preserved the advantages of the stent technique while simplifying stent manipulation. This technique may help reduce the risk of intimal trauma.
Volar Locking Plate Fixation for Distal Radius Fractures Distal to the Watershed Line with an Intact Lunate Volar Rim
Authors: CHA Soo Min , SHIN Hyun Dae , KIM Seung Won 
Published: December 2023

Background: We treated distal radius fractures (DRFs) beyond the watershed line without fracture of the lunate volar rim using a volar locking plate (VLP) and report the radiological and clinical outcomes at least 3 years after surgery. Methods: In 41 consecutive patients between January 2012 and August 2017, the fragment was composed of the radial styloid process (distal to the watershed line) and the lunate volar rim was intact. We evaluated demographic factors, radiological features and radiological/clinical outcomes at the final follow-up. Results: Twenty-nine patients were followed and evaluated. The mean follow-up period was 5.7 years. The mean patient age was 52.7 years and 24 patients had intracapsular intra-articular fractures. The fracture line was present in the lunate fossa in all patients. Twenty patients were classified as Soong grade 2, and five and four patients were grades 1 and 0, respectively. No radiological parameter (volar tilt, radial inclination, step-off and ulnar variance) was significantly different between the affected and contralateral normal sides. The mean visual analogue scale pain score and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score, as well as the range of movement of the wrist, were not different between the affected and contralateral normal wrists. Finally, the grip strength on the affected side was 92% of the contralateral value. Major complications, such as nonunion, malunion and tendon rupture, were absent. Conclusions: DRFs distal to the watershed line with an intact lunate volar rim are rare and easy to miss. Careful inspection of 3D-CT images is necessary to determine these injuries, and the optimal choice for proper fixation of the fragment amongst the commercial VLPs would result in satisfactory radiological and clinical outcomes. Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
Isolated Distal Interphalangeal Joint Flexion Contracture of the Ring Finger due to Dupuytren Disease: A Case Report
Authors: YAMADA Hiroki , IKUMI Akira , YOSHII Yuichi , YAMAZAKI Masashi 
Published: December 2023

Dupuytren disease is a common benign fibromatosis of the palmar and finger fascia caused by pathological cord formation. As both the retrovascular and lateral cords are jointly responsible for the flexion contracture of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint, isolated DIP joint contracture caused by Dupuytren disease is rare. We present a 34-year-old right-hand-dominant male patient with a 6-month history of an isolated DIP joint flexion contracture in the right ring finger due to Dupuytren disease. Surgical fasciotomy of the retrovascular cord improved the contracture without adverse events. It is important to pay attention to the anatomical relationships between the pathological cord and neurovascular bundle to avoid neurovascular injury during fasciotomy in patients with Dupuytren disease, especially in isolated DIP joint contracture cases. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Quantity Knowledge Extraction and Search
Authors: Ho Vinh Thinh 
Published: December 2023

Vinh Thinh Ho is an applied scientist at Amazon Development Center, working in Alexa AI-NLU team. He completed his PhD at Max Planck Institute for Informatics, under the supervision of Prof. Gerhard Weikum. His research broadly covers the area of semantic web, with main focuses on knowledge bases, quantity search, information extraction and retrieval, rule mining and NLP.
This research conducted by Vinh Thinh Ho developed new methods for the extraction and search of quantity knowledge over web contents. Quantities are more than mere numbers. They represent measurements of various entities in the world, such as the heights of buildings, the timings of athletes, the energy efficiency of car models, or the energy production of power plants, all expressed in numbers with associated units. While modern search engines effectively support entity-centric searches and question answering, they struggle when the queries involve quantity filters, such as searching for athletes who ran 200m under 20 seconds or companies with quarterly revenue above $2 Billion. These systems fail to understand the quantities, including the condition (less than, above, etc.), the unit of interest (seconds, dollar, etc.), and the context of the quantity (200m race, quarterly revenue, etc.). QA systems based on structured knowledge bases also fail as quantities are poorly covered by state-of-the-art KBs. We developed new methods to overcome these limitations and advance the state-of-the-art on quantity knowledge extraction and search.
Penelitian Retrospektif Profil Klinikopatologi Tumor Kelenjar Liur di Instalasi Patologi Anatomi RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang Periode Tahun 2017-2021
Authors: Lukman Firmansyah Muhammad , Fadli Muhammad , Retnani Diah 
Published: December 2023

Abstrak
Latar Belakang: Kasus tumor kelenjar liur relatif jarang terjadi. Belum banyak data yang menerangkan tentang prevalensi insiden kasus tumor kelenjar liur di Indonesia.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil klinikopatologi tumor berdasarkan insiden kasus, usia, jenis kelamin, lokasi dan subtipe histopatologi di Instalasi Patologi Anatomi Rumah Sakit Dr Saiful Anwar Malang Tahun 2017-2021.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Data dikumpulkan dari rekam medis tahun 2017 sampai dengan tahun 2021 di Instalasi Patologi Anatomi Rumah Sakit Saiful Anwar Malang. Seluruh subjek penelitian ini adalah semua data pasien dengan klinis tumor yang berlokasi pada kelenjar liur (parotis, submandibula, sublingual/cavum oral).
Hasil dan Pembahasan: Didapatkan 162 kasus tumor kelenjar liur dari tahun 2017-2021 yaitu neoplasma ganas 57 (35%), neoplasma jinak 60 (37%) dan non neoplasma 45 (28%). Distribusi insiden kasus per tahun tidak sama dan tidak selalu mengalami peningkatan kasus. Didapatkan hubungan peningkatan kasus keganasan dengan bertambahnya usia. Tidak ada hubungan peningkatan kasus tumor kelenjar liur maupun keganasan dengan jenis kelamin. Lokasi terbanyak tumor kelenjar liur termasuk neoplasma ganas yaitu kelenjar parotis. Neoplasma ganas terbanyak adalah mucoepidermoid carcinoma 11 (19,2%), neoplasma jinak terbanyak yaitu pleomorphic adenoma 38 (63,3%), kasus non neoplasma terbanyak yaitu keradangan dan abses 34 (75,5%).
Kesimpulan: Tumor kelenjar liur merupakan kasus yang jarang ditemukan. Kasus keganasan meningkat pada usia dewasa dan lansia. Lokasi tersering di kelenjar parotis dengan kasus neoplasma ganas terbanyak mucoepidermoid carcinoma dan neoplasma jinak terbanyak pleomorphic adenoma.
Kata Kunci: Tumor kelenjar liur, histopatologi.
Emfisema Subkutis Derajat 5 pada Pasien Rekuren Pneumotoraks Spontan Sekunder : Sebuah Laporan Kasus
Authors: Dwikarlina Intan , Wijaya Rendy , Antariksa Genta , Putra Christian 
Published: December 2023

Pendahuluan: Emfisema subkutis merupakan kondisi terdapatnya udara di lapisan subkutan kulit. Emfisema subkutis terjadi melalui berbagai etiologi, salah satunya yakni akibat pecahnya alveoli yang menyebabkan infiltrasi udara diantara jaringan ikat pada kasus pasien dengan pneumotoraks spontan.
Laporan Kasus: Pria usia 53 tahun datang dengan keluhan sesak nafas yang muncul tiba-tiba setelah pasien BAB. Keluhan sesak disertai pembengkakan luas pada seluruh tubuh dimulai dari area genitalia hingga seluruh wajah pasien. Pasien memiliki riwayat pneumotoraks spontan sekunder dan memiliki riwayat menderita tuberkulosis yang kambuh pada tahun 2021.
Diskusi: Emfisema subkutis terjadi ketika udara masuk ke jaringan di bawah kulit dan jaringan lunak. Emfisema subkutis dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi lima tingkatan berdasarkan tingkat keparahannya. Pada laporan kasus ini, emfisema subkutis derajat 5 terjadi karena riwayat pneumotoraks pada paru kanan pasien. Pneumotoraks bisa bersifat traumatik atau spontan. Pneumotoraks spontan bisa dibagi menjadi primer (tanpa penyebab yang jelas) atau sekunder (terkait dengan penyakit paru). Pasien juga memiliki riwayat penyakit tuberkulosis dan sindrom obstruksi pasca tuberkulosis (SOPT). Penanganan pasien meliputi pemasangan chest tube, terapi oksigen, dan tindakan dekompresi udara subkutan.
Kesimpulan: Pada laporan kasus ini, emfisema subkutis derajat 5 dengan riwayat infeksi tuberkulosis berespon baik terhadap pemasangan chest tube tergambar dengan penurunan derajat emfisema secara bertahap. Tenaga medis diperlukan untuk melakukan anamnesis dan pemeriksaan medis secara holistik dan komprehensif terkait faktor resiko penyebab emfisema subkutis derajat 5.
Simulation and Experimental Research on Liquid Spreading in a Wire-Sawn Kerf
Authors: Lin Lin , Huang Hui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe significance of liquids in abrasive wire sawing has been demonstrated in several studies. However, the performance of its spreading behavior is limited by the current development trend, where the wafer has a larger area and the kerf is narrower. Moreover, there are very few studies on the liquid spreading behavior in wire-sawn kerfs. Therefore, a 3D CFD (computational fluid dynamics) model is presented in this paper and used to simulate the liquid spreading behavior in a kerf based on a VOF (volume of fluid) method with a CSF (continuum surface force) model, which is used to simulate multiphase flow, and an empirical correlation for characterizing the liquid dynamic contact angle using UDF (user defined functions). Subsequently, parametric simulations are performed on the kerf area, kerf width, liquid viscosity, liquid surface tension, and liquid velocity at the inlet area of the kerf, and verification experiments are conducted to determine the validity of the simulation model. From the simulation and experimental results, three typical liquid spreading regimes that exhibit different effects on wire sawing in the kerfs are found, and their limiting conditions are identified using non-dimensional analysis. Subsequently, a prediction model is proposed for the liquid spreading regime based on a set of Weber and Capillary numbers. For wire sawing, an increase in the wafer area does not change the liquid spreading regime in the kerf; however, a reduction in the kerf width significantly hinders the liquid spreading behavior. Thereby, the spreading regime can be effectively converted to facilitate wire sawing by adjusting the physical properties and supply conditions of the liquid.
Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveals keys genes and metabolic pathways in tea (Camellia sinensis) against six-spotted spider mite (Eotetranychus Sexmaculatus)
Authors: Wang Xiaoping , Xiang Yunjia , Sun Minshan , Xiong Yuanyuan , Li Chunhua , Zhang Ting , Ma Weiwei , Wang Yun , Liu Xiao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Six-spotted spider mite (Eotetranychus sexmaculatus) is one of the most damaging pests of tea (Camellia sinensis). E. sexmaculatus causes great economic loss and affects tea quality adversely. In response to pests, such as spider mites, tea plants have evolved resistance mechanisms, such as expression of defense-related genes and defense-related metabolites.

Results
To evaluate the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of resistance in C. sinensis against spider mites, “Tianfu-5” (resistant to E. sexmaculatus) and “Fuding Dabai” (susceptible to E. sexmaculatus) were inoculated with spider mites. Transcriptomics and metabolomics based on RNA-Seq and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technology were used to analyze changes in gene expression and metabolite content, respectively.
RNA-Seq data analysis revealed that 246 to 3,986 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in multiple compared groups, and these DEGs were significantly enriched in various pathways, such as phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis, plant–pathogen interactions, MAPK signaling, and plant hormone signaling. Additionally, the metabolome data detected 2,220 metabolites, with 194 to 260 differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs) identified in multiple compared groups, including phenylalanine, lignin, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid. The combined analysis of RNA-Seq and metabolomic data indicated that phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis, MAPK signaling, and Ca2+-mediated PR-1 signaling pathways may contribute to spider mite resistance.

Conclusions
Our findings provide insights for identifying insect-induced genes and metabolites and form a basis for studies on mechanisms of host defense against spider mites in C. sinensis. The candidate genes and metabolites identified will be a valuable resource for tea breeding in response to biotic stress.
A Phase 2 evaluation of a new flavored peg and sulfate solution compared to an over-the-counter laxative, peg and sports drink bowel preparation combination
Authors: Wiener Gregory , Winkle Peter , McGowan John D. , Cleveland Mark vB. , Di Palma Jack A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Acceptability and tolerance of bowel preparation is critical to overcome patient hesitancy in undergoing colon cancer screening and surveillance colonoscopy. To improve patient experience, a new sports drink-flavored bowel preparation containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfate salts (FPSS) was developed to provide a similar experience to a commonly used but not United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved PEG and sports drink bowel preparation (PEG-SD), while also achieving improved cleansing efficacy.

Methods
This FPSS preparation, approved by the FDA in June 2023, was evaluated in a non-randomized Phase 2 study in which 40 patients requiring colonoscopy were prepared with FPSS and 20 with PEG-SD.

Results
Overall cleansing success was high with FPSS based on unblinded local endoscopist assessment (93%) and blinded central reading (97%), exceeding PEG-SD which achieved success rates of 84% (local read), 74% and 68% (blinded central reads). Similar differences favoring FPSS were seen for excellent preparations and cleansing success by colon segment as rated by local endoscopists. Both preparations were well-tolerated, with 93% of FPSS patients rating their preparation as Tolerable to Very Easy to consume, compared to 100% of PEG-SD. Patients who had previously taken a preparation for colonoscopy found FPSS and PEG-SD better than their prior preparation (73% and 70%, respectively) and nearly all would request their assigned study preparation again in the future. About two thirds of FPSS patients agreed that the preparation tasted similar to a sports drink.

Conclusion
The new sports drink-like flavored preparation compares favorably to PEG-SD for bowel cleansing efficacy while achieving similar patient satisfaction. The study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03328507) on 01/11/2017.
The value of 3D high-resolution IR-prepared fast spoiled gradient-recalled MRI in the diagnosis of meningeal carcinomatosis involving the cranial nerves
Authors: Xuan Lulu , Huang Jiafu , Yin Huikang , Lu Zehua , Yang Xiaoliang , Yang Liyue , Geng Chengjun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical utility of three-dimension (3D) high-resolution inversion recovery (IR)-prepared fast spoiled gradient-recalled (SPGR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of cranial nerve meningeal carcinomatosis (MC).

Methods
A total of 114 patients with MC from January 2015 to March 2020 were enrolled and their MRIs were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent MRIs before being administered a contrast agent. Both a 2D conventional MRI sequence and a 3D IR-prepared fast SPGR high-resolution T1-weighted (BRAVO) scan sequence were measured after contrast agent administration. The characteristics of MC and the involved cranial nerves were then examined.

Results
Among the 114 MC patients, 81 (71.05%) had cranial nerve enhancement on contrast-enhanced 3D-BRAVO imaging, while only 41 (35.96%) had image enhancement on conventional MRI. The contrast-enhanced 3D-BRAVO displayed stronger image contrast enhancement of the cranial nerves than the conventional MRI (P < 0.001). Furthermore, detection rates for the facial and auditory nerves, trigeminal nerve, oculomotor nerve, sublingual nerve, optic nerve, glossopharyngeal/vagal/accessory nerve, and abductor nerve on contrast-enhanced 3D-BRAVO imaging were 58.77%, 47.37%, 9.65%, 8.77%, 5.26%, 3.51%, and 0.88%, respectively. We found a statistically significant difference between the affected facial and auditory nerves, as well as the trigeminal nerve, oculomotor nerve, sublingual nerve, and optic nerve.

Conclusion
In MC, contrast-enhanced 3D-BRAVO imaging displayed the cranial nerves more effectively than 2D conventional enhanced MRI. The facial, auditory, and trigeminal nerves are the primary nerves involved in MC, and improved scanning of these nerves would aid in the early detection and treatment of MC.
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura presenting as stroke mimics with normal diffusion-weighted MRI
Authors: Zhang Ziyi , He Miao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare and fatal thrombotic microangiopathy-based hematologic disease. Stroke has been reported as atypical neurological manifestations of TTP in some cases.

Case presentation
A 65-year-old male presented with typical acute ischemic stroke symptoms including sudden-onset dysarthria, right-sided facial paralysis and hemiplegia. However, his CT and MRI scans were negative without showing any new ischemic lesions. He was diagnosed with TTP with severe thrombocytopenia, mild anemia, increased LDH, and low ADAMTS-13 activity. The symptoms and positive signs were rapidly resolved after administrating the plasma exchange therapy.

Conclusion
Clinicians should consider the possibility of TTP when a patient presents with acute stroke-like symptoms and thrombocytopenia, especially in an emergency room, either with or without new stroke lesions on the brain CT and MRI.