bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mineralization and temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter pools of contrasting lability
Authors: Khan Ahmad , Wichern Florian , Uporova Maria , Kuzyakov Yakov 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the temperature sensitivity (Q10) of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition is crucial to predict CO2 emissions and carbon (C) stocks under global warming. This study describes the decomposition and Q10 of four soil C pools: (1) very labile (glucose addition (GLU), representing root exudates), (2) labile (microbial turnover, MT), (3) potentially labile (primed C pool, PE), and (4) resistant (inherent soil C, RES). The soil (loamy Luvisol) was incubated for 4 and 144 days at five temperatures (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40°C) with or without 14C‐labeled glucose. The dynamics of CO2 fluxes were measured during short (0–4 days) and long (5–144 days) term incubations. Glucose was mineralized following a two‐pool exponential function. The half‐life of the decomposition of the GLU pool decreased by 3 times as temperature increased from 10 to 40 °C. The flux of unlabeled CO2 over 4 days reflects a strong contribution to the apparent priming especially at high temperature, which was due to the accelerated microbial biomass turnover. Accordingly, the CO2 flux increased during short‐term incubation and was dominated by the decomposition of labile SOM and microbial biomass turnover, whereas during the long‐term incubation, the CO2 was mainly released from the temperature‐stimulated decomposition of RES pool. The short‐term Q10 of the soil C pools decreased in the order: GLU (2.1) > MT (1.8) > PE (1.3) ≈ RES (1.6) over a few days (0–4 days), but the Q10 measured over the long‐term period (144 days) was in the range of 1.2 (PE) to 1.8 (RES) and decreased in the order RES > MT > PE > GLU. In conclusion, CO2 emissions linearly increased with temperature in all pools over short‐ and long‐term incubation, except for the GLU pool during long‐term incubation. The Q10 strongly depends on the availability of C pools for microorganisms and decreases over time with the exhaustion of available substances in soil. This needs to be considered when estimating temperature effects on CO2 emissions and C turnover in soil.
Conceptual review of symbolic cultural practices in children's racial/ethnic identity: Making room for mixed methods inquiry
Authors: Sansbury Amber B. , Stutesman Megan G. , Varier Divya 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveChildren are shaped by familial, cultural, societal, and environmental factors that impact development across multiple domains, contexts, and ecological systems. This conceptual review examines studies that address how symbolic cultural practices shape racial/ethnic identity development in early childhood (ages 3–6).MethodTwelve key extant studies across qualitative (n = 4), quantitative (n = 5), and mixed (n = 3) methodological approaches that concern the use of symbolic cultural practices for early childhood racial/ethnic identity development were reviewed. Our review adopted an interdisciplinary approach, bringing perspectives from developmental psychology, family science, research methods, and education policy. We oriented our review to address the contributions of symbolic cultural practices to children's hope and happiness undergirded by their racial/ethnic identity development.ResultsStudies across all methodological disciplines were useful in moving the field forward however, we argue that mixed methods studies are particularly consequential due to their ability to account for the highly contextualized experiences of healthy early childhood racial/ethnic socialization via symbolic cultural practices.ConclusionWe also suggest that mixed methods lend more holistic explanations of connections between early childhood racial/ethnic socialization and symbolic cultural practices and promote mixed methods approaches as the most promising way to investigate the role of symbols in positive racial/ethnic socialization and identity development of young children in future research.ImplicationsHenceforth, we suggest that practitioners' understanding of the racial and ethnic identities of young children will be more holistic when approached from a mixed methods lens, and therefore, practitioner–child interactions will be more constructive.
Parent‐child contact problems: Family violence and parental alienating behaviors either/or, neither/nor, both/and, one in the same?
Authors: Sullivan Matthew J. , Pruett Marsha Kline , Johnston Janet R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article argues that in order to intervene effectively and ethically with children who are manifesting Parent–child contact problems (PCCPs) after parental separation, we begin by being mindful of what is normal about divorce transitions and use developmentally appropriate and culturally sensitive analysis to rule out children's common transitory reactions. It is then important to concurrently assess for both family violence (FV) and severe parental alienating behavior (PAB) on the part of both parents, which can co‐occur in some cases. The article asserts that it is also important to consider common problematic parenting responses that may potentiate the PCCP but not necessarily rise to the level of abuse. FV is defined as a child's direct experience of physical, sexual, or psychological maltreatment and indirect exposure to sibling abuse and/or to intimate partner violence (IPV). PAB is defined as an ongoing pattern of unwarranted negative messages on the part of one parent that conveys that the child's other parent is disinterested, irrelevant, dangerous, and not to be trusted. Any one or all of these factors may contribute to a child's strident negativity and sustained rejection of one parent, these being defining features of a PCCP. This article proposes ethical principles and priorities for decision‐making in these cases, considering the growing social science controversy about assessment and intervention for PCCPs. It concludes with an analysis of recent, contrasting policy approaches to PCCPs (e.g., Kayden's Law and the Joint Statement of the AFCC and NCJFCJ) and their potential impact on family justice system professionals and the families they serve.
Remolding the court: The need for forward‐thinking evidentiary and sentencing practices in domestic violence cases with battered women
Authors: Caccioppoli Dorothy 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDomestic violence is a danger faced by women across the United States. When a woman suffering from battered woman syndrome (BWS) harms their abuser, they are often left with no defense to criminal liability. At trial, they may rely on expert testimony about BWS, but outdated judicial standards could prevent its admission to the jury. To protect these victims from facing life sentences as punishment for saving themselves, New York enacted the Domestic Violence Survivors Justice Act, which has been proven effective and should be adopted nationwide along with new evidentiary practices.
Citizens apart? Representing post‐Brexit youth politics in the UK media
Authors: Lee Jihyun , Beech Suzanne , McDowell Sara , Holton Mark 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn 2016, the UK voted to leave the European Union (EU). This outcome was not only unexpected but also had clear geographical and age‐bound divisions. While people over the age of 65 tended to vote to leave, younger voters were more likely to vote to remain a part of the EU. Reflecting on 7 years of journalism, this paper explores the ways in which young people have been represented by the news media with regards to the issue of Brexit. It analyses a database of 700 news media articles published from 2016 to 2022 across the UK, equating to 100 articles per calendar year and ranging from regional sources to those with an international reach. The paper showcases how young people occupy liminal spaces within the news media through an analysis of the language used to describe their political participation, and a focus on their role within political activism. As it is this media that dominates hegemonic narratives within traditional political spheres, the retelling and representation of young people's engagement serves, we argue, to reinforce their liminality as citizens apart.
Uncovering communication strategies used in language‐discordant consultations with people who are migrants: Qualitative interviews with healthcare providers
Authors: Chan Brittany M. C. , Suurmond Jeanine , van Weert Julia C. M. , Schouten Barbara C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundGlobal migration has led to a sharp increase in the number of language‐discordant consultations (LDCs) in healthcare. Evidence on how healthcare providers (HCPs) meet migrant patients' needs while mitigating language barriers is lacking.DesignUsing purposive and snowball sampling, we recruited twenty‐seven Dutch HCPs (Mage = 45.07, SD = 11.46) and conducted semi‐structured interviews to collect qualitative, open‐ended data for identifying the communication strategies used with migrant patients in LDCs. We analysed the transcripts using deductive and inductive approaches (e.g., constant comparative method from Grounded Theory). Final pattern codes (i.e., key themes) were discussed among the research team until mutual agreement had been achieved.ResultsFive key themes emerged from the analyses: HCPs often ‘got‐by’ with (1) instrumental and (2) affective communication strategies used in language‐concordant consultations to start medical consultations. When some instrumental communication strategies were deemed ineffective (e.g., lingua franca, gesturing, etc.) to bridge language barriers, HCPs turned to (3) incorporating digital tools (e.g., Google Translate). When HCPs were unable to communicate with migrant patients at all, (4) informal, ad‐hoc and professional interpreters were involved. Finally, HCPs often (5) involved additional support to engage migrant patients to engage in treatment‐related behaviours.Discussion and ConclusionsOur results highlight the importance of raising awareness among HCPs about using various combinations of different strategies. The development of a guideline indicating the optimal combination of communication strategies for different medical consultation goals may be useful in reshaping the current communication behaviour of HCPs in LDCs.Patient or Public ContributionHCPs were the study population involved in this qualitative study. Refugee health advisors, general practitioners and linguistic specialists (i.e., members of the Right2Health consortium) with experience with the Dutch healthcare system were involved throughout the development of this research. This includes a review of the research question, participant information sheet and interview topic guide as well as providing interpretations of the data and feedback to this manuscript.
Role of corticosteroids in skin physiology and therapeutic potential of an 11β‐HSD1 inhibitor: A review
Authors: Hall Larissa , Hart Robert 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSkin is a major site of cortisol bioconversion by 11β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β‐HSD1) enzymes which catalyze intracellular inactive cortisone into physiologically active cortisol. 11β‐HSD1 is highly expressed in skin, especially in dermal fibroblasts, epidermal keratinocytes, melanocytes, and hair follicles, and plays important roles in regulating keratinocytes, fibroblast proliferation, and has roles in skin aging. Inhibition of 11β‐HSD1 may reverse decreased collagen levels observed in extrinsically and intrinsically aged skin. Inhibitors of 11β‐HSD1 may also have the potential to reverse decreased collagen observed in skin atrophy induced by glucocorticoid treatment. This systematic review aimed to summarize the current knowledge of roles for 11β‐HSD1 inhibitor in skin physiology and potential for future use in medications. Studies have demonstrated that immediately following experimental insult in an animal model, there is increased expression of 11β‐HSD1, and that topical application of an 11β‐HSD1 inhibitor increases the rate of healing, increases skin collagen content, increases dermal fibroblasts, and increases dermal thickness. Furthermore, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 11β‐HSD1 inhibitors reduce wound diameter after injury. Further development of 11β‐HSD1 inhibitors appears to be a promising area for treating aging skin, aiding wound healing, and mitigating effects of systemic glucocorticoid use. Both topically and orally administered 11β‐HSD1 inhibitors appear to be viable avenues for future research.
Population trajectories and age‐dependent associations of obesity risk factors with body mass index from childhood to adolescence across European regions: A two‐cohort study
Authors: Schreuder Anton , Börnhorst Claudia , Wolters Maike , Veidebaum Toomas , Tornaritis Michael , Sina Elida , Russo Paola , Moreno Luis A. , Molnar Denes , Lissner Lauren , De Henauw Stefaan , Ahrens Wolfgang , Vrijkotte Tanja ,   GrowH! Consortium
Published: December 2023

SummaryObjectiveTo investigate population trajectories of behavioural risk factors of obesity from childhood to adolescence and their associations with body mass index (BMI) in children across European regions.MethodsData were harmonised between the European multi‐centre IDEFICS/I.Family and the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development Cohort. Participants were aged 2.0–9.9 and 5.0–7.5 years at baseline, respectively, and were followed until age 18 years. Behavioural risk factors of interest included diet, physical activity, media use and sleep. Mixed effects models were used for statistical analyses to account for repeated measurements taken from the same child.ResultsThe study included a total of 14 328 individuals: 4114, 4582, 3220 and 2412 participants from Northern, Southern, Eastern Europe and Amsterdam, respectively. Risk factor means and prevalences changed with age, but the trajectories were mostly similar across regions. Almost no associations between behavioural factors and BMI were found at the age of 6 years. At 11 years, daily sugar‐sweetened foods consumption, use of active transport, sports club membership and longer nocturnal sleep duration were negatively associated with BMI in most regions; positive associations were found with media use. Most associations at 11 years of age persisted to 15 years.ConclusionsWhilst population trajectories of media use and nocturnal sleep duration are similar across European regions, those of other behavioural risk factors like active transport and daily vegetable consumption differ. Also, associations between behavioural risk factors and BMI become stronger with age and show similar patterns across regions.
Surgical and functional outcomes of repeat robot‐assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy compared with repeat open partial nephrectomy
Authors: Yoshida Kazuhiko , Oida Nao , Kondo Tsunenori , Kobari Yuki , Ishihara Hiroki , Fukuda Hironori , Iizuka Junpei , Kobayashi Hirohito , Ishida Hideki , Takagi Toshio 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesTo examine the surgical and functional outcomes of patients who have undergone repeat open partial nephrectomy (reOPN) or robot‐assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (reRAPN).MethodsUntil May 2022, 3310 patients with renal tumors underwent nephron‐sparing surgery (NSS) at affiliated institutions. Of these, 22 and 17 patients who underwent reOPN and reRAPN, respectively, were included in this study.ResultsNo significant differences were found between the groups in terms of sex, age, comorbidities, recurrent tumor size at repeat NSS, interval from recurrence to initial NSS, and nephrometry score. ReRAPN had a shorter operative time (median: 138.0 vs. 214.0 min; p = 0.0023) and less estimated blood loss (median: 50.0 vs. 255.0 mL; p = 0.0261) than reOPN. The incidence of complications with Clavien–Dindo grade ≥ 2 was higher in the reOPN group than in the reRAPN group (31.8 vs. 5.9%; p = 0.0467). The mean decrease in the estimated glomerular filtration rate at 3 months postoperatively was not significantly different between the groups. The trifecta achievement rates in the reRAPN (64.7%) and reOPN (27.3%) groups were significantly different (p = 0.0194). On multivariate analysis, age and surgical method were significant predictors of trifecta achievement after partial nephrectomy.ConclusionsThere were no differences in postoperative renal functional outcomes between reOPN and reRAPN. ReRAPN is superior to reOPN in terms of surgical burden. Therefore, ReRAPN is an important minimally invasive surgery for recurrent renal cell carcinoma.
In their own words: Mental health nurses' experiences of trauma‐informed care in acute mental health settings or hospitals
Authors: Wilson Allyson , Hurley John , Hutchinson Marie , Lakeman Richard 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTrauma‐informed care has emerged as a prominent strategy to eliminate coercive practices and improve experiences of care in mental health settings, with advocacy from international bodies for mental health reform. Despite this, there remains a significant gap in research understanding the integration of trauma‐informed care in mental health nursing practice, particularly when applied to the acute mental health or hospital‐based setting. The study aimed to explore the experiences of mental health nurses employed in acute hospital‐based settings from a trauma‐informed care perspective. The study design was qualitative, using a phenomenological approach to research. A total of 29 nurses employed in acute mental health or hospital‐based environments participated. Three over‐arching themes were uncovered: ‘Embodied Awareness’: highlighting mental health nursing emotional capabilities are deeply rooted in bodily awareness. ‘Navigating Safety’: signifying spatial elements of fear and how some mental health nurses' resort to coercive or restrictive practices for self‐preservation. ‘Caring Amidst Uncertainty’: revealing the relational influences of security guards in mental health nursing. The study reveals a significant gap in trauma‐informed care implementation when applied to the context of mental health nursing practice in this setting. Limited evidence on trauma‐informed care for mental health nurses, coupled with inadequate workforce preparation and challenging work environments, hinder the effective integration of it. To genuinely embed TIC in acute mental health settings, the study emphasises the need for a thorough exploration of what this entails for mental health nurses.
Development and validation of a test for measuring primary school students' effective use of ICT: The ECC‐ICT test
Authors: Ackermans Kevin , Bakker Marjoke , Gorissen Pierre , van Loon Anne‐Marieke , Kral Marijke , Camp Gino 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundA practical test that measures the information and communication technology (ICT) skills students need for effectively using ICT in primary education has yet to be developed (Oh et al., 2021). This paper reports on the development, validation, and reliability of a test measuring primary school students' ICT skills required for effectively using ICT (the ECC‐ICT test).ObjectivesBased on existing literature, three ICT use domains were identified for effectively using ICT: Effective, collaborative, and creative use of ICT. For these three domains, 24 corresponding teaching objectives were identified from a widely used digital literacy framework. Thirty‐four test items cover these teaching objectives in an online test.MethodsA mixed‐method approach was used for the ECC‐ICT test. Four pilot rounds (n=25) implemented qualitative interviews for cognitive validity and refining the test items, followed by a qualitative usability study(n=6). Confirmatory factor analysis and ANOVA provided quantitative insight into the large‐scale test administration(n=575).Results and ConclusionsComposite reliability of our conceptual 3‐factor confirmatory model showed that the test reliably measured primary school effective use of ICT (ω = 0.82), collaborative use of ICT (ω = 0.80) and creative use of ICT (ω = 0.64). Convergent validity (ranging from 0.41 to 0.46) was acceptable. Internal consistency (ranging from 0.84 to 0.91) and discriminant validity (HTMT values below 0.90) are good. ANOVA results show that mean test scores are higher for students in higher grade levels (p < 0.001). The post hoc Bonferroni results show that most grade‐by‐grade comparisons are significant (p < 0.001).
METTL14 promotes IL‐6‐induced viability, glycolysis and inflammation in HaCaT cells via the m6A modification of TRIM27
Authors: Chen Yiran , Xiang Yanwei , Miao Xiao , Kuai Le , Ding Xiaojie , Ma Tian , Li Bin , Fan Bin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInterleukin‐6 (IL‐6) is a cytokine generated by healthy constituents of the skin, but is also up‐regulated by a wide range of skin lesions and inflammatory conditions to trigger cytopathy of skin cells. TRIM27 was identified to contribute to the functional effects of IL‐6 on skin cells. However, the underlying mechanism was not clear. Lentivirus infection was used for gene overexpression or silencing. RT‐PCR and Western blot were used to respectively assess mRNA and protein levels. Cell viability was assessed by CCK‐8 assay. Extracellular flux analysis was used to assess the levels of oxygen consumption rate and extracellular acidification rate. Mouse back skin was treated with imiquimod to produce psoriasis‐like inflammation in vivo. Histological assessment and immunohistochemistry staining were respectively applied to analyse lesioned mouse and human skin samples. IL‐6‐induced increased viability, glycolysis and inflammation in keratinocytes was inhibited both by a chemical methylation inhibitor and by METTL14 knockdown. Further investigation found that METTL14 induces m6A methylation of TRIM27, which is recognized by a m6A reader, IGF2BP2. Elevation of TRIM27 level and activation of IL‐6/STAT3 signalling pathway were found in an in vivo psoriasis‐like inflammation model, whereas inhibition m6A methylation strongly alleviated the inflammation. Finally, METTL14, TRIM27, STAT3, p‐STAT3 and IL‐6 expressions were all found to be increased in clinical skin samples of psoriatic patients. Our results unravelled METTL14/TRIM27/IGF2BP2 signalling axis in keratinocyte cytopathy, which plays a critical role in facilitating the activation of IL‐6/STAT3 signalling pathway. Our findings should provide inspirations for the design of new therapeutics for skin inflammatory diseases including psoriasis.