bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Education, employment, insurance, and marital status among 694 survivors of pediatric lower extremity bone tumors
Authors: Nagarajan Rajaram , Neglia Joseph P. , Clohisy Denis R. , Yasui Yutaka , Greenberg Mark , Hudson Melissa , Zevon Michael A. , Tersak Jean M. , Ablin Arthur , Robison Leslie L. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractBACKGROUNDWith increasing numbers of childhood cancer survivors, direct sequelae of cancer therapy and psychosocial outcomes are becoming more important. The authors described psychosocial outcomes (education, employment, health insurance, and marriage) for survivors of pediatric lower extremity bone tumors.METHODSThe long‐term follow‐up study of the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study is a multiinstitutional cohort study comprising 14,054 individuals who have survived for 5 or more years after treatment for cancer diagnosed during childhood or adolescence. Baseline demographic and medical information were obtained. Six hundred ninety‐four survivors had osteosarcoma or Ewing sarcoma of the lower extremity or pelvis and were classified by amputation status and by age at diagnosis. The median age at diagnosis was 14 years old with a median of 16 years of follow up since diagnosis. Demographic characteristics were used to analyze the rates of psychosocial outcomes.RESULTSAmputation status and age at diagnosis did not significantly influence any of the measured psychosocial outcomes. Education was a significant positive predictor of employment, having health insurance, and being currently in their first marriage. Male gender predicted ever being employed and female gender predicted having health insurance and marriage. When compared with siblings, amputees had significant deficits in education, employment, and health insurance.CONCLUSIONSOverall, no differences between amputees and nonamputees were found. However, gender and education play a prominent role. When compared with siblings, amputees in this cohort may benefit from additional supports. Cancer 2003;10:2554–64. © 2003 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.11363
Prognostic factors for patients with localized soft‐tissue sarcoma treated with conservation surgery and radiation therapy
Authors: Zagars Gunar K. , Ballo Matthew T. , Pisters Peter W. T. , Pollock Raphael E. , Patel Shreyaskumar R. , Benjamin Robert S. , Evans Harry L. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractBACKGROUNDPrognostic factors for patients with soft‐tissue sarcoma who are treated with conservative surgery and radiation are documented poorly.METHODSThe clinicopathologic features and disease outcome for 1225 patients with localized sarcoma who were treated with conservative surgery and radiation were reviewed retrospectively. Actuarial univariate and multivariate statistical methods were used to determine significant prognostic factors for local control, metastatic recurrence, and disease specific survival.RESULTSThe median follow‐up of surviving patients was 9.5 years. The respective local control rates at 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years were 83%, 80%, and 79%. Factors predictive of local recurrence were positive or uncertain resection margins; tumors located in the head and neck and the deep trunk; presentation with local recurrence; patient age > 64 years; malignant fibrous histiocytoma, neurogenic sarcoma. or epithelioid sarcoma histopathology; tumor measuring > 10 cm in greatest dimension; and high pathologic grade. Freedom from metastasis at 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years was 71%, 68%, and 66%, respectively. Factors that were predictive of metastatic recurrence were high tumor grade; large tumor size (> 5 cm); and leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, or epithelioid sarcoma. The respective disease specific survival rates at 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years were 73%, 68%, and 65%. Adverse factors for disease specific survival were high tumor grade; large tumor size (> 5 cm); tumors located in the head and neck and deep trunk; rhabdomyosarcoma, epithelioid sarcoma, or clear cell sarcoma; patient age > 64 years; and positive or uncertain resection margins.CONCLUSIONSSoft‐tissue sarcoma comprises a heterogeneous group of diseases. Prognostic factors for local recurrence, metastatic recurrence, lymph node recurrence, disease free survival, and disease specific survival are different, and optimal treatment strategies need to take this complexity into account. Cancer 2003;10:2530–43. © 2003 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.11365
Surgical margins and reresection in the management of patients with soft tissue sarcoma using conservative surgery and radiation therapy
Authors: Zagars Gunar K. , Ballo Matthew T. , Pisters Peter W. T. , Pollock Raphael E. , Patel Shreyaskumar R. , Benjamin Robert S. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractBACKGROUNDPatients with localized soft tissue sarcoma (STS) who present to specialist centers after undergoing apparent macroscopic total resection often have a significant incidence of residual tumor and may benefit from reresection of the tumor bed. The potential benefits of such reresection have not been documented adequately.METHODSThe clinicopathologic features and disease outcome for 666 consecutive patients with localized STS who presented after undergoing apparent macroscopic total tumor resection were analyzed to elucidate the relative merits of reresection. Actuarial univariate and multivariate methods were used to compare disease outcome of patients who presented with positive or uncertain microscopic resection margins according to whether they underwent reresection. All patients received adjuvant radiation therapy.RESULTSTwo hundred and ninety‐five patients underwent reresection of their tumor bed, and residual tumor was found in 136 patients (46%), including macroscopic tumor in 73 patients (28%). Final resection margins among patients who underwent reresection were negative in 257 patients (87%), positive in 35 patients (12%), and uncertain in 3 patients (1%). Patients who did not undergo reresection had final margins that were negative in 117 patients (32%), positive in 47 patients (13%), and uncertain in 207 patients (56%). Local control rates at 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years for patients who underwent reresection were 85%, 85%, and 82%, respectively; for patients who did not undergo reresection, the respective local control rates were 78%, 73%, and 73% (P = 0.03). Reresection remained a significant determinant of local control when other prognostic factors were incorporated into a multivariate proportional hazards regression analysis. A similar beneficial effect of reresection was found for metastasis free survival and disease specific survival.CONCLUSIONSPatients with localized STS who were referred to a specialist center after undergoing apparent macroscopic total resection of their tumor had a high incidence of residual tumor in their tumor bed and benefited from undergoing reresection, even if radiation was administered routinely. Cancer 2003;10:2544–53. © 2003 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.11367
Clinical significance of secreted protein acidic and rich in cystein in esophageal carcinoma and its relation to carcinoma progression
Authors: Yamashita Keishi , Upadhay Sunil , Mimori Kohshi , Inoue Hiroshi , Mori Masaki 
Published: May 2003

AbstractBACKGROUNDSecreted protein acidic and rich in cystein (SPARC) is a small extramatrix‐associated protein. Its production increases during angiogenesis and enhances matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) expression. The goal of this study was to show the clinical relevance of SPARC and its relation to MMP‐2 expression in esophageal carcinoma patients.METHODSThe authors investigated SPARC mRNA expression in 48 tissue samples of esophageal tumors characterized by MMP‐2 mRNA expression in a Northern blot analysis. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were also performed in esophageal carcinoma tissue samples.RESULTSAll 48 tissue specimens had high expression of SPARC mRNA. Quantitative evaluation showed that high SPARC mRNA was associated significantly with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.05) and poorer prognosis (P = 0.025). Expression of SPARC mRNA was associated significantly with MMP‐2 mRNA expression (R = 0.65; P < 0.01). Both SPARC and MMP‐2 were immunolocalized intensely in carcinoma and stromal cells, whereas normal esophageal mucosa and submucosa did not express SPARC. The 35‐kilodalton cleaved SPARC was detected in esophageal carcinoma tissue specimens by Western blot analysis and it was associated with MMP‐2 mRNA expression.CONCLUSIONSIn terms of clinical significance, SPARC accumulation may reflect a functional correlation with MMP‐2 and the associated expression could play a key role in the progression of esophageal carcinoma. Cancer 2003;97:2412–9. © 2003 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.11368
Evaluation of an automated immunochemical fecal occult blood test for colorectal neoplasia detection in a Chinese population
Authors: Wong Wai Man , Lam Shiu Kum , Cheung Kwan Lok , Tong Teresa Sze Man , Rozen Paul , Young Graeme P. , Chu Kin Wah , Ho Judy , Law Wai Lun , Tung Hiu Ming , Choi Hok Kwok , Lee Yee Man , Lai Kam Chuen , Hu Wayne H. C. , Chan Chi Kuen , Yuen Man Fung , Wong Benjamin Chun‐Yu 
Published: May 2003

AbstractBACKGROUNDMost commercial fecal occult blood tests (FOBT) used for colorectal carcinoma screening of Western populations are guaiac‐based, manually developed, subjective, and sensitive to dietary components. Preliminary studies demonstrated the unsuitability of these tests for screening a Chinese population. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the performance characteristics of a human hemoglobin–specific automated immunochemical FOBT, the Magstream 1000/Hem SP (Fujirebio, Inc., Tokyo, Japan), in a Chinese population referred for colonoscopy.METHODSTwo hundred fifty consecutive patients who were referred for colonoscopy and met the study inclusion criteria provided samples for the immunochemical FOBT (without dietary restrictions) from two successive stool specimens. Tests were developed with an automated instrument that had an adjustable sensitivity threshold. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value for detecting colorectal adenomas and carcinomas were calculated according to the manufacturer's instructions over a range of sensitivity levels.RESULTSAt the optimal threshold level, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value for detection of significant colorectal neoplasia (adenomas ≥ 1.0 cm and carcinomas) were 62%, 93%, and 44%, respectively. The test was easy to use, and results did not depend on operator experience.CONCLUSIONSThe automated immunochemical FOBT used in the current study was a robust, convenient, and useful tool for colorectal carcinoma screening in the study population. Cancer 2003;10:2420–4. © 2003 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.11369
Subsequent primary malignancies after endometrial carcinoma and ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Hemminki Kari , Aaltonen Lauri , Li Xinjun 
Published: May 2003

AbstractBACKGROUNDPopulation‐based data on subsequent neoplasms after women are diagnosed with endometrial and ovarian carcinomas are limited, particularly regarding specific histologic tumor types.METHODSThe nationwide Swedish Family‐Cancer Database of 10.2 million individuals, which includes 19,128 invasive endometrial carcinomas and 19,440 ovarian carcinomas, was used to calculate standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for second primary carcinomas. SIRs were calculated for specific follow‐up periods. Data on histopathologic types also were used.RESULTSAn excess of subsequent malignancies after women were diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma was noted at 11 sites. The highest SIRs were recorded for synchronous or metasynchronous ovarian carcinomas (SIR, 55.77; 95% CI, 48.82–63.43) and carcinomas of the small intestines (SIR, 14.71; 95% CI, 4.64–34.59). Primary ovarian carcinoma was followed by an increased risk of developing endometrial carcinoma, and the risks of developing many other malignancies also were increased after women were diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma, including intestinal malignancies, renal cell carcinoma, bladder carcinoma, squamous cell skin carcinoma, connective tissue malignancies, and leukemia. When ovarian endometrioid histology was diagnosed synchronously with primary endometrial carcinoma, the SIR was 140; when endometrial carcinoma was the subsequent neoplasm, the SIR was 87. A small familial component was found in the cooccurrence of endometrial carcinoma and ovarian carcinoma.CONCLUSIONSThe current data show a strong clustering of endometrial carcinomas and ovarian carcinomas, particularly involving tumors of endometrioid morphology. The patterns of second neoplasms also suggest that hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma may contribute to the association between endometrial and ovarian malignancies. Increased risks for connective tissue tumors and leukemia may signal a response to treatment, and an increased risk for squamous cell skin carcinoma may signal a depressed immune function. Cancer 2003;10:2432–9. © 2003 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.11372
Identification of the antigens predominantly reacted with serum from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Uemura Masayuki , Nouso Kazuhiro , Kobayashi Yoshiyuki , Tanaka Hironori , Nakamura Shin‐ichiro , Higashi Toshihiro , Ono Toshiro , Nakayama Eiichi , Hanafusa Tadashi , Shiratori Yasushi 
Published: May 2003

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo identify antigens specifically recognized by the immune surveillance system in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the authors examined two complementary DNA (cDNA) libraries of moderately differentiated HCC by serologic analysis of recombinant cDNA expression libraries (SEREX).METHODSThe libraries were screened with autologous patients' sera, and sequences of the reacted clones were determined. To study the immunoreactivity of the antigens, sera from 20 patients with HCC, from 20 healthy volunteers, and from 16 patients with chronic viral hepatitis were examined.RESULTSTwenty‐seven antigens were identified. They included SART1, p57Kip2, ROCK‐1, γ‐catenin, and heat shock proteins, which are classified as tumor‐associated genes. Three of 27 antigens—Tat‐binding protein‐1 (TBP‐1), β4 integrin‐binding protein (p27[BBP]), and ribosomal protein L30 (rpL30)—were reacted predominantly with sera from patients with HCC (55% of patients, 45% of patients, and 20% of patients, respectively). Patients in the control group had no antibodies against these three antigens. Seventy percent of patients with HCC had the antibody against at least one of these antigens.CONCLUSIONSDisease specific humoral immune response against TBP‐1, p27(BBP), and rpL30 was induced in patients with HCC, and the antibodies against these antigens also may be used as tumor markers. Cancer 2003;97:2474–9. © 2003 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.11374
Prognostic implications of neuroendocrine differentiation and hormone production in patients with Stage I nonsmall cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Pelosi Giuseppe , Pasini Felice , Sonzogni Angelica , Maffini Fausto , Maisonneuve Patrick , Iannucci Antonio , Terzi Alberto , De Manzoni Giovanni , Bresaola Enrica , Viale Giuseppe 
Published: May 2003

AbstractBACKGROUNDApproximately 10–20% of nonsmall cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) show neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation, as evaluated by panendocrine markers or ultrastructural evidence of dense‐core secretory granules. However, little is known regarding the prevalence and clinical implications of NE differentiation in patients with Stage I NSCLC.METHODSThe authors analyzed 220 consecutive patients with Stage I NSCLC (pT1–T2N0M0) among 2100 patients with primary lung carcinoma who underwent surgical treatment between 1987 and 1993. Using light microscopy and immunohistochemical staining for synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and respiratory tract‐related hormones, 28 NSCLC specimens with NE differentiation (NSCLC‐ND) and 11 large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) specimens were identified.RESULTSThe 28 NSCLC‐ND specimens included 15 adenocarcinomas and 13 squamous cell carcinomas. Neoplastic cells with NE features never exceeded 20% in NSCLC‐ND specimens, whereas neoplastic cells amounted to 20–90% in LCNEC specimens. NSCLC‐ND specimens with > 5% NE‐differentiated tumor cells showed increased Ki‐67 labeling index (P = 0.007) and invasive phenotype, as evaluated by fascin immunoreactivity (P = 0.021). Patients with adenocarcinoma, but not with squamous cell carcinoma, who had > 5% NE‐differentiated cells had a worse clinical course compared with patients who had ordinary NSCLC, with reduced overall survival (P = 0.017) and disease free survival (P = 0.049). In multivariate analysis, NE differentiation > 5% neoplastic cells in patients with adenocarcinoma independently predicted a poorer prognosis (hazard ratio, 2.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.99–6.85). Hormone production was restricted to chromogranin positive NSCLC‐ND but did not affect prognosis.CONCLUSIONSStage I adenocarcinomas with ≥ 5% NE tumor cells are clinically aggressive tumors, similar to LCNEC. Hormone production identifies a more fully developed neuroendocrine phenotype but is not relevant to prognosis. The identification of NE‐differentiated cells in patients with NSCLC may have clinical relevance. Cancer 2003;10:2487–97. © 2003 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.11376
Preparation and culture of hepatocyte on gelatin microcarriers
Authors: Tao Xu , Shaolin Li , Yaoting Yu 
Published: May 2003

AbstractPorous gelatin microcarriers having a diameter of 80–100 μm were prepared by the suspension method using toluene as the oil phase. Rat hepatocytes were cultured on gelatin and cytodexIII microcarriers. The cells retained its spherical shape, which is similar in vivo, and showed no morphological changes to the flat state. Hepatocyte aggregates on microcarriers maintained higher metabolic functions than monolayer cells. Pore size of microcarrier plays an important role in the attachment and metabolic function of cells in culture. Phase‐contrast micrograph and cell activity showed that hepatocytes cultures on gelatin microcarrier of <1 μm pore size is better than that of 5–10 μm. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 65A: 306–310, 2003
Structural degradation of acrylic bone cements due to in vivo and simulated aging
Authors: Hughes Kerry F. , Ries Michael D. , Pruitt Lisa A. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractAcrylic bone cement is the primary load‐bearing material used for the attachment of orthopedic devices to adjoining bone. Degradation of acrylic‐based cements in vivo results in a loss of structural integrity of the bone‐cement‐prosthesis interface and limits the longevity of cemented orthopedic implants. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of in vivo aging on the structure of the acrylic bone cement and to develop an in vitro artificial aging protocol that mimics the observed degradation. Three sets of retrievals are examined in this study: Palacos® brand cement retrieved from hip replacements, and Simplex® brand cement retrieved from both hip and knee replacement surgeries. In vitro aging is performed using oxidative and acidic environments on three acrylic‐based cements: Palacos®, Simplex®, and CORE®. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are used to examine the evolution of molecular weight and chemical species within the acrylic cements due to both in vivo and simulated aging. GPC analysis indicates that molecular weight is degraded in the hip retrievals but not in the knee retrievals. Artificial aging in an oxidative environment best reproduces this degradation mechanism. FTIR analysis indicates that there exists a chemical evolution within the cement due to in vivo and in vitro aging. These findings are consistent with scission‐based degradation schemes in the cement. Based on the results of this study, a pathway for structural degradation of acrylic bone cement is proposed. The findings from this investigation have broad applicability to acrylic‐based cements and may provide guidance for the development of new bone cements that resist degradation in the body. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 65A: 126–135, 2003
Visualization of specific interaction between biomimetic glycopolymer containing reducing glucose moiety and HepG2 cell mediated by GLUT‐1
Authors: Park Keun‐Hong , Akaike Toshihiro , Lee Kang Choon 
Published: May 2003

AbstractPoly [3‐O‐(4′‐vinylbenzyl)‐D‐glucose] (PVG) is a polystyrene derivative that contains glucose moieties, which interact with glucose transporter (GLUT‐1)‐carrying HepG2 cells. To clarify the specific interaction between the PVG and HepG2 cells, PVG polymer labeled with fluorescent rhodamine‐B isothiocyanate (RITC) was used to follow the specific interaction, which was visualized by confocal laser microscopy. We found that PVG binds strongly to HepG2 cells, probably because of a specific interaction mediated by the presence of GLUT‐1 on the cell membrane. The fluorescence intensity of PVG and HepG2 cells was up to fourfold (0.11 ± 0.04) that of any other glycopolymer and HepG2 cell interaction (0.025 ± 0.01). Moreover, cellular fluorescence increased significantly on increasing the incubation time and the polymer concentration. To verify the specific nature of the interaction between PVG and HepG2 cells, the cells were pretreated with phloretin, an inhibitor of GLUT‐1 before adding RITC‐labeled PVG polymer to the cell culture medium; this treatment was found to suppress the action of PVG on HepG2 cells. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 65A: 136–143, 2003
Influence of surfactant molecules as air‐entraining agent for bone cement macroporosity
Authors: Sarda S. , Nilsson M. , Balcells M. , Fernández E. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractCalcium phosphate bone cements (CPBCs) represent a potential synthetic alternative to bone‐graft materials in bone surgery applications. CPBCs are biocompatible, bioresorbable, and slowly are replaced by new bonein vivo. However, CPBCs do not develop a macroporosity during setting that would allow fast bone ingrowth and good osteointegration of the implant. For this reason, recent research has approached the problem of inducing macroporosity inside the bone cement without influencing its normal setting. In this study, a new method for obtaining injectable macroporous CPBCs is proposed. It is based on the use of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) as an air‐entraining agent. The results have shown that the liquid‐to‐powder ratio and the SDS concentration, as well as the diameter and the interconnectivity of the macropores, can control the micro‐ and macroporosity. This new technology can be used to develop and optimize new commercial products for osteoporotic bone filling applications. Furthermore, the presented method also can be used at low temperatures before an operation to produce preformed implants to fit the particular needs of a patient. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 65A: 215–221, 2003