bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between posttraumatic stress disorder and mental health of adolescents who exposed to the worst disaster of the century: Extensive data from southeast Turkey
Authors: Düken Mehmet Emin , Kaplan Veysel , Almazan Joseph 
Published: January 2024

AbstractProblemsThis study was conducted to examine the association between posttraumatic stress disorder and mental health status of adolescents exposed to the worst disaster of the century.MethodsThis study was descriptive, cross‐sectional, and correlational. This research was conducted between March 31 and July 1, 2023. The study was conducted with earthquake survivors who migrated from Kahramanmaraş, the epicenter of the earthquake, and Adıyaman and Hatay, the other two cities where it was most effective, to Şanlıurfa. The study was conducted with a total of 947 adolescents. “Personal Information Form,” “Child Posttraumatic Stress Reaction Index,” and “Symptom Distress Check List‐ (SCL‐90)” were used to collect data. Linear regression method was used in the analysis of the research. Path analysis was performed using PATH analysis.FindingsThe mean age of the adolescents participating in the study was 16.69 ± 1.41 years. It was found that the Global Severity Index (GSI) of the adolescents was at the pathological level with a mean of 2.36 ± 0.68. Posttraumatic stress reactions of the adolescents who experienced the earthquake was found to explain 97.2% of their mental symptoms (anxiety, depression, somatization, anger‐hostility, obsession‐compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychotic symptoms, other problems, and GSI) (p < 0.001). It was found that the age of the adolescents, total number of losses in the earthquake, the time they stayed under the rubble, the time they waited for siblings to be pulled from under the rubble and the state of having loss due to the earthquake explained 74.4% of the posttraumatic stress reactions (p < 0.001).ConclusionsAs a conclusion, it was found that the adolescents who experienced the earthquake experienced severe posttraumatic stress symptoms. It was also found that adolescents who experienced high levels of trauma symptoms showed pathological mental symptoms. After the earthquake, adolescents should be evaluated periodically in terms of posttraumatic stress symptoms. In the evaluations to be made, it is important to determine how adolescents are affected especially mentally. In this context, interventions should be implemented for the identified mental symptoms (anxiety, depression, somatization, etc.).
Non‐lethal detection of Eubothrium crassum (Cestoda) in farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, using anal swabs and real‐time PCR
Authors: Hansen Haakon , Spilsberg Bjørn , Sevatdal Sigmund , Sakariassen Trine , Hahn Christoph , Mohammad Saima Nasrin , Karlsbakk Egil 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDetection of intestinal parasites in fish typically requires autopsy, resulting in the sacrifice of the fish. Here, we describe a non‐lethal method for detecting the tapeworm Eubothrium crassum in fish using anal swabs and real‐time PCR detection. Two assays were developed to detect cytochrome oxidase I (COI) mitochondrial DNA and 18S ribosomal DNA sequences of E. crassum, respectively. The assays were tested on swab samples from confirmed pathogen free Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) and on samples from farmed Atlantic salmon, where the presence and intensity of parasites had been established through autopsy. The COI assay was shown to be specific to E. crassum, while the 18S assay also amplified the closely related E. salvelini, a species infecting Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.) in freshwater. The COI assay detected E. crassum in all field samples regardless of parasite load while the 18S assay failed to detect the parasite in two samples. The results thus demonstrates that this non‐lethal approach can effectively detect E. crassum and can be a valuable tool in assessing the prevalence of infection in farmed salmon, aiding in treatment decisions and evaluating treatment effectiveness.
Facing the heat: A descriptive review of the literature on family and community resilience amidst wildfires and climate change
Authors: Ferreira Vitória , Sotero Luciana , Relvas Ana Paula 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFamily and community resilience in the contexts of natural disasters and climate change have earned a place of prominence in the research field. This article provides a descriptive review of the literature published between 1997 and 2023 examining family and community resilience in the context of wildfires, climate change, and sustainability. Ninety‐two articles were included and analyzed, with three research questions addressed. Results show family and community resilience as essential to the adaptation process to extreme natural events. Family and community experiences appear to be linked with changes in beliefs, behaviors, and priorities. Findings point to potential connections with sustainability, adaptation and mitigation efforts, and the need for communities to coexist with fire in forest ecosystems. Some gaps in literature are pointed out, including scarcity of data from diverse geographic locations, looking at the family unit perspective, and spanning the entire trajectory of disaster and recovery process.
Remodeling of facial soft tissue induced by simultaneous application of HIFES and synchronized radiofrequency provides nonsurgical lift of facial soft tissues
Authors: Kinney Brian M. , Boyd Charles M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe application of radiofrequency (RF) and HIFES on the body provides improvement in skeletal muscle tissue, reduction in fatty tissue, reorganization of connective tissue, and skin texture improvement. However, overall facial appearance relies on both skin and underlying structures, specifically muscles and connective tissue which have to be treated as one unit to achieve proper care while preserving fatty layers that define youth facial appearance.AimsThe aim of this study is to find whether the effect of novel RF + HIFES is safe and can induce the lifting of soft tissue and overall improvement in facial appearance.MethodsIn this study, 21 subjects were enrolled. The therapy was administered in four 20‐min treatments on the forehead and cheeks. Photographs were evaluated by a Global Aesthetic Improvement Score (GAIS) and linear measurements of facial tissue lifting at 1‐ and 3‐month follow‐ups. Volumetric changes in the cheek area were investigated as well. The patients' satisfaction, safety, and comfort were documented throughout the study.ResultsThe data indicated improvement in overall facial appearance, and 23% of average lifting was found in brows (p = 3.14 × 10−12) and cheeks (p = 6.00 × 10−15). The assessment of digital photographs showed an improvement in 100% of patients at 3‐month follow‐up. The treatments were safe, accompanied by high therapy comfort and subject satisfaction of 98%.ConclusionsThe treatment by simultaneous RF and HIFES technology produces significant changes to the overall facial appearance, characterized by the lifting of facial tissues.
Examining nurses' humanistic behaviour ability and empathy levels in clinical practice: A descriptive and exploratory study
Authors: Ozdemir Cevriye , Kaplan Ali 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundIt is critical for nurses to provide healthcare services to healthy/sick individuals with a humanistic approach and with empathy.AimsThis research aimed to determine nurses' humanistic behaviour ability, empathy levels and related factors in clinical practice.DesignA descriptive cross‐sectional and exploratory study.MethodsProbability sampling method was used, and 337 nurses working in two public hospitals were included in the study. Data was collected using the Humanistic Practice Ability of Nursing Scale and the Empathy Level Determination Scale. Structural equation model analysis and descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the hypothesised model. This study adhered to the STROBE checklist for reporting.ResultsNurses' humanistic ability and empathy level in nursing practices were found to be above average. Both the ability to act humanely in nursing practices and their empathy levels were found to be significantly higher in nurses who were married and had children. A significant relationship was found between empathy levels and humanistic behaviours. Accordingly, nurses' empathy levels positively affected their humanistic care behaviours, and the model established between the two concepts was found to be statistically appropriate.ConclusionsNurses' empathy levels positively affect their ability to act humanistically. The result of the model established between the two concepts also supports this. Care strategies should be developed that consider factors that will improve empathetic and humanistic behaviours in nurses and maximise individualised care practices.Implications for the ProfessionIncreasing the awareness of nurses about the factors affecting humanistic behaviours and empathic attitudes while caring for individuals in clinical practice, will contribute to improving the quality of nursing care.
A Unique Variance in Future Motivation for Observed Active Behaviors on Positive Class Participation Beyond the Effect of Current Motivation
Authors: Nishimura Takuma 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBased on self‐determination theory, this study investigates a unique variance in the effect of aspirations (future motivation) on the observed active behaviors on positive class participation, while controlling for academic motivation (current motivation). In Study 1, 364 fifth‐ and sixth‐grade elementary school students participated in a survey to confirm the validity of the Aspirations Index for Children. Confirmatory factor analysis on the theoretically hypothesized model showed an acceptable fit for the data. In Study 2, 297 fifth‐ and sixth‐grade elementary school students participated in this survey, assessing their aspirations and academic motivation. Furthermore, their homeroom teachers evaluated the students’ academic behaviors on positive class participation. The results of multilevel structural equation modeling, which controls for the effect of current motivation, indicated the unique variance in aspirations (future motivation): intrinsic aspirations were positively associated with active behaviors on positive class participation, whereas extrinsic aspirations showed a negative relation. This study concludes that future motivation, specifically intrinsic aspirations, facilitates active learning behaviors beyond the effect of current motivation.
Demographic history and genomic signatures of selection in a widespread vertebrate ectotherm
Authors: Judson Jessica M. , Hoekstra Luke A. , Janzen Fredric J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEnvironmental conditions vary greatly across large geographic ranges, and yet certain species inhabit entire continents. In such species, genomic sequencing can inform our understanding of colonization history and the impact of selection on the genome as populations experience diverse local environments. As ectothermic vertebrates are among the most vulnerable to environmental change, it is critical to understand the contributions of local adaptation to population survival. Widespread ectotherms offer an opportunity to explore how species can successfully inhabit such differing environments and how future climatic shifts will impact species' survival. In this study, we investigated the widespread painted turtle (Chrysemys picta) to assess population genomic structure, demographic history, and genomic signatures of selection in the western extent of the range. We found support for a substantial role of serial founder effects in shaping population genomic structure: demographic analysis and runs of homozygosity were consistent with bottlenecks of increasing severity from eastern to western populations during and following the Last Glacial Maximum, and edge populations were more strongly diverged and had less genetic diversity than those from the centre of the range. We also detected outlier loci, but allelic patterns in many loci could be explained by either genetic surfing or selection. While range expansion complicates the identification of loci under selection, we provide candidates for future study of local adaptation in a long‐lived, widespread ectotherm that faces an uncertain future as the global climate continues to rapidly change.
Reproductive isolation in a three‐way contact zone
Authors: Dean Laura L. , Whiting James R. , Jones Felicity C. , MacColl Andrew D. C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractContact zones between divergent forms within a species provide insight into the role of gene flow in adaptation and speciation. Previous work has focused on contact zones involving only two divergent forms, but in nature, many more than two populations may overlap simultaneously and experience gene flow. Patterns of introgression in wild populations are, therefore, likely much more complicated than is often assumed. We begin to address this gap in current knowledge by investigating patterns of divergence and introgression across a complex natural contact zone. We use phenotypic and genomic data to confirm the existence of a three‐way contact zone among divergent freshwater resident, saltwater resident and saltwater migratory three‐spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) on the island of North Uist, Scottish Western Isles. We find evidence for hybridization, mostly between saltwater resident and saltwater migratory forms. Despite hybridization, genomic analyses reveal pairwise islands of divergence between all forms that are maintained across the contact zone. Genomic cline analyses also provide evidence for selection and/or hybrid incompatibilities in divergent regions. Divergent genomic regions occur across multiple chromosomes and involve many known adaptive loci and several chromosomal inversions. We also identify distinct immune gene expression profiles between forms, but no evidence for transgressive expression in hybrids. Our results suggest that reproductive isolation is maintained in this three‐way contact zone, despite some hybridization, and that reduced recombination in chromosomal inversions may play an important role in maintaining this isolation.
Multidisciplinary atopic dermatitis program: A novel approach to managing difficult‐to‐control atopic dermatitis patients
Authors: Tracy Alexis , Loop Lauren , Bhatti Safiyyah , Anterasian Christine , Kellogg Caitlyn , Smiley Kathryn , Wu Alyssa , Geng Bob , Eichenfield Lawrence 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesDisease improvement for difficult‐to‐control pediatric atopic dermatitis may be more challenging to achieve when directed by single specialties due to disjointed and conflicting dialogue with patients.MethodsThe Multidisciplinary Atopic Dermatitis Program (MADP) was developed through collaborations with the Rady Children's Hospital and UC San Diego Health Divisions of Dermatology, Allergy & Immunology and Clinical Pharmacy, to create team‐based evaluation and management of children and adolescents with atopic dermatitis (AD). The MADP allows concurrent, comprehensive evaluations by multiple specialists to develop treatment plans. The program includes extensive patient education to support shared decision making, incorporating patient and family's perspectives along with those of clinical experts into their care. Objective severity measures and patient reported outcome data were collected, along with assessment of patient and family satisfaction with the MADP.ResultsData showed significant improvement in AD severity as assessed by providers, patients and families by the first follow‐up visit. BSA mean percentage decreased by up to 56% by the 7th visit, and pruritus (NRS), CLDQI and POEM mean scores decreased by more than 4 points, 12 points, and over 11 points, respectively. After management was initiated in the MADP, 72.73% of patients achieved an EASI 50 and 47.73% achieved an EASI 75 from a baseline mean of 21.7. Patients who continued in clinic beyond the second visit showed further clinically significant decreases in disease measures.ConclusionsThe multidisciplinary approach shows success in the treatment of difficult‐to‐control AD patients with improvements in clinician and patient reported outcome measures.
Evaluating the effect of strontium ranelate and photobiomodulation on cementogenic and osteogenic differentiation of buccal fat pad‐derived stem cells: An in vitro study
Authors: Mohaghegh S. , Fathi H. , Molaasadollah F. , Teimoori M. , Chiniforush N. , Taghipour N. , Shekarchi F. , Nokhbatolfoghahaei H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the impact of strontium ranelate (Str), photobiomodulation (PBM), or their combination of the proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and cementogenic differentiation of buccal fat pad‐derived stem cells. BFPdSCs were exposed to one of the following interventions: (1) PBM (660 nm), (2) PBM (660 nm) + Str, (3) PBM (880 nm), (4) PBM (880 nm) + Str, (5) Str. All study groups had significantly higher osteogenic differentiation than the control group (p < 0.05), and no significant difference existed between the 660 and 808 nm groups (p = 0.97). Compared to the Str group, 660 nm and 880 nm group samples had significantly lower osteogenic differentiation (p < 0.0001), while other groups did not show a significant difference. Regarding cementogenic differentiation, the 660 nm group showed higher values than the 808 nm group (p < 0.01). Compared with the Str group, 660 nm, 660 nm + Str, and 808 nm + Str groups showed significantly higher gene expression (p < 0.05). In the case of osteogenic differentiation, although photobiomodulation alone had a lower inducing effect than strontium ranelate, combining 808 nm diode lasers and strontium ranelate may provide the best results. Moreover, using a 660 nm diode laser and exposing stem cells to strontium ranelate can be the most effective approach to induce cementogenic differentiation.
Characterisation of microcrystalline cellulose from waste green pea pod sheath and its sunn hemp fibre‐polyester composite: A step towards greener manufacturing
Authors: Alshahrani Hassan , Arun Prakash VR 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, a microcrystalline cellulosic biopolymer (MCB) made from Pisum Sativum (green pea) pod waste via a modified thermo‐chemical process, and Crotalaria juncea (sunn hemp) fibre was used to create environment‐friendly polyester composites. The main objective was to synthesise the MCB from domestic waste and characterize how the addition of hemp alters the strength of the polymeric composite. The MCB was synthesized using green pea pods. The sunn hemp fibres were used in mat form in this study. The composites were made using the hand layup method and post‐cured at 110°C for 2 h. The results showed that the addition of sunn hemp fibre and MCB increased the mechanical properties. Similarly, the highest observed fatigue life count for the composite designated PSC3 (2.0 vol.% MCB) was 30862 at 30% ultimate tensile stress. Similarly, the composite PSC3 had the maximum penetration resistance with an absorbed energy of 14.2 J. Moreover, the addition of silane‐treated cellulose and fibre provided an improved storage modulus of 6.8 GPa for the PSC3 composite, confirming the improved fibre‐matrix fibre interaction and increased toughness. The scanning electron microscope images revealed improved fibre‐matrix correlation. These eco‐friendly composites with better load‐bearing capabilities could be preferred in automated door panels, defence toolboxes, and home interior decoration applications.
Digital financial inclusion and corporate investment efficiency: Evidence from small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises in China
Authors: Ma Yong , Jiang Yiqing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of digital financial inclusion (DFI) on the investment efficiency of small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in China. Employing a dataset of listed National Equities Exchange and Quotations firms over the period from 2011 to 2020, we find robust evidence that the development of DFI improves the investment efficiency of underinvested SMEs. However, no such effect is observed for overinvested SMEs. The mechanism analysis indicates that DFI can mitigate the underinvestment problem of SMEs by restraining their risk‐taking behaviors and easing their financial constraints. Furthermore, we find that the positive effect of DFI on underinvestment is more pronounced for SMEs with weaker financial statuses or in less competitive industries.
Investigating unemployment hysteresis in South Africa
Authors: Dadam Vincent , Viegi Nicola 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates hysteresis in South Africa's unemployment. First, we test the presence of hysteresis in unemployment using traditional stationarity tests and non‐linear transformation methods to identify two further characteristics of hysteresis, namely, remanence and selective memory. In the second part of the paper, we estimate a simple insider–outsider model using a Bayesian vector autoregression methodology to identify the shocks driving unemployment dynamics. The main finding is that mark‐up shocks and negative productivity shocks are the main drivers of unemployment, with demand shocks playing a secondary role. Nominal wages are not responsive to real shocks and are an important component of inflation. These results point to the difficulty of absorbing the current level of unemployment without a significant increase in the flexibility of goods and labour markets. At the same time, the evidence suggests that, if reforms are being implemented, demand policies can play a significant role in improving employment and growth, reversing the structural unemployment evident in the data.
Mindfulness research and applications in the context of neoliberalism: A narrative and critical review
Authors: Chachignon Philippine , Le Barbenchon Emmanuelle , Dany Lionel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis narrative and critical review outlines the implications of scientific production on Mindfulness and the widespread diffusion of the practice under neoliberal capitalism. This scientific, therapeutic and economic high‐value object is a fruitful research field in medical and social sciences. Since exiting the confines of mental and somatic health it has also flourished as a self‐care and self‐improvement technique. Drawing on a psychosocial perspective where Mindfulness is considered both a psychological and a social phenomenon, we explore the reasons why institutions and corporations have regularly considered Mindfulness as the universal panacea to address mental health, social and environmental problems, and how this contributed to transferring the consequences of structural and systemic issues from the State to the realms of individual management and responsibilization, and fostering social inequalities. We expose the role of Buddhist Modernism, psychology and social psychology into the consolidation of Mindfulness as a product of knowledge and a form of governmentality. The effects on Mindfulness users and researchers of a mainstream neoliberal psychological science, including social psychology, are discussed. Avenues for mindful resistance, such as theoretical and methodological perspectives for a critical social psychology of Mindfulness, are developed.