bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2-D separation of Verticillium albo-atrum proteins
Authors: JAMNIK Polona , RADIŠEK Sebastjan , JAVORNIK Branka , RASPOR Peter 
Published: December 2023

Verticillium albo-atrum is a phytopathogenic fungus that causes wilt disease in a wide range of crops. A proteomic approach is needed to obtain a comprehensive overview of the proteins related to the infection process. We report here on the optimisation of electrophoretic analysis of total proteins of V. albo-atrum in terms of the extraction of fungus total proteins, removal of interfering compounds and separation of proteins by two-dimensional electrophoresis.
Transpiration of the 'Rebula' cuttings (Vitis vinifera L.) grafted on three different rootstocks (Vitis sp.)
Authors: LAVRENČIČ Primož , SIVILOTTI Paolo , PETERLUNGER Enrico 
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the investigation was to determine the use of water in grafted vines (Vitis vinifera L.) in dependence on the vine (Vitis sp.) rootstocks. The local vine variety 'Rebula' was grafted on three different rootstocks (Vitis sp.): (1) on the 'Rebula' (Vitis vinifera L.) vine itself, (2) on the rootstock 196/17 Castel' [(Vitis vinifera 'Mourvèdre' x Vitis rupestris '1202 Couderc') x Vitis riparia 'Gloire'] and (3) on the rootstock 'Börner' (Vitis riparia x Vitis cinerea). Daily transpiration was calculated as a difference in the pot mass between the day of measurement and the previous day. Daily differences in the use of water were compared with leaf area and meteorological data (temperature, duration of sun light). Stem water potential (SWP) and, at the end of the trial, leaf area and mass of individual parts of plant (roots, shoot) were determined using destructive method. The dynamics of water used per leaf area unit showed the trend of reduction and the response to the changing meteorological conditions. No statistically significant differences in SWP, leaf area and water used were noticed between rootstocks, however, they existed in the final mass of shoot and roots.
Učinek dodanega komposta tlem narazgradnjo atrazina v kolonskem poskusu
Authors: SUHADOLC Marjetka , LOBNIK Franc 
Published: December 2023

V neporušenih talnih kolonah smo preučevali vpliv dodanega komposta iz lubja tlem na usodo herbicida atrazina. Ugotovili smo, da je kompost značilno vplival na hitrost razgradnje atrazina v tleh. Tri mesece po uporabi atrazina je v tleh z dodanim kompostom atrazin predstavljal 52 % vseh analiziranih substanc pesticida, medtem ko je bil njegov delež v kontrolnih tleh še 80 %. Deetilatrazin je bil glavni razgradni produkt v obeh obravnavanjih, le da je bil njegov delež v tleh z dodanim kompostom značilno večji. Nasprotno je bila zastopanost hidroksiatrazina večja v tleh brez dodatka atrazina. Razlik med obravnavanjema v prenosu atrazina skozi talni profil nismo ugotovili. Večino atrazina in metabolitov smo določili v zgornji 15 cm plasti tal, prenos v spodnje plasti t.j. do globine 45 cm je znašal manj kot 3 % skupne vsebnosti analitsko določenih ostankov herbicida v talnih in vodnih vzorcih. Izpiranje atrazina in metabolitov iz talnega profila je bilo zanemarljivo majhno (po 0,1 %), brez značilnih razlik med obravnavanjema.
Genetic variability of some quality traits in Lathyrus spp. germplasm
Authors: SAMMOUR Reda H. , MUSTAFA Abd El-Zahar , BADR Salwa , TAHR Walla 
Published: December 2023

Sixty-six accessions representing eighteen species of the genus Lathyrus collected from different geographic regions were evaluated for variations of quality traits (100 seeds weight, ash, total seed proteins and 3-(-N-oxayl)-L-2,3 diaminopropoinc acid – ODAP contents). High variability of ODAP levels was exhibited at both inter-specific and intra-specific levels. This variability was attributed to genetic and environmental factors. No significant correlation was found between ODAP and each of total protein content, ash content and 100 seeds weight. Cluster analysis of C.V. (Coefficient of variance) values for each accession identified the sixty-six accessions into eight groups. The most promising accession for breeding programs was L. sativus from Tunisia. This accession has good grain quality due to relatively low ODAP level and high protein content. The variations of protein content, ash content and 100-seeds weight were also discussed.
Differences in melting temperatures of degenerated oligonucleotides targetting nitrous oxide reductase (nosZ) genes
Authors: STRES Blaž , MUROVEC Boštjan 
Published: December 2023

One of the basic principles of molecular biology is the use oligonucleotides with comparable melting temperatures (Tm). To accommodate various evolutionary changes in target gene sequences in order to detect numerous variants of the same gene in complex microbial communities, the researchers were forced to design degenerated oligonucleotide probes and primers. In addition, recent studies suggested that relevant parameters influencing microbial activity should be included into models currently describing the final greenhouse gas emissions for public use. Further, data on microbial community structure and abundance should be included as well in near future. As one of the most potent greenhouse gases, nitrous oxide, results mainly from incomplete denitrification process, we chose nitrous oxide reductase gene (nosZ) as a model and surveyed published literature for nosZ gene oligonucleotides. We calculated in-silico Tm for each oligonucleotide degenerated variant and compared the resulting average Tm of both oligonucleotides used in pair. Degenerated oligonucleotides were found to contain variants differing in Tm for as much as 13 °C. More than 85% of oligonucleotides had difference in average Tm of paired oligonucleotide larger than 2 °C, more than 60% larger than 4 °C and more than 40% larger than 6 °C, 25% larger than 8 °C. By using such combinations at one annealing temperature or touch-down PCR or hybridization protocol, the full use of all degenerate variants could never be achieved thus bringing under the consideration the reaction chemistry. To increase the consistency of molecular results, a simple adjustment of Tm to at least comparable average Tm is recommended. In addition, critical evaluation of other methodological pitfalls should be regular practice in order to strengthen the value of molecular results as future public models parameters.
In vitro mammary gland model: establishment and characterization of a caprine mammary epithelial cell line
Authors: OGOREVC Jernej , PRPAR Sonja , DOVČ Peter 
Published: December 2023

Demanding transcriptomic studies in combination with challenging experiments in livestock animal species could be replaced by good in vitro models mimicking the function of ruminant mammary gland. The objective of our study was to establish epithelial cell line obtained from primary cell culture of lactating goat mammary gland. Mammary tissue from lactating Saanen goat (Capra hircus) was digested in collagenase and hyaluronidase solution and plated on plastic flasks. When growing on plastic, typical cobblestone morphology of epithelial cells and larger irregularly shaped cells, corresponding to myoepithelial cells were observed. When growth medium was supplemented with lactogenic hormones (insulin, hydrocortisone, and prolactin) and cells were cultured on plastic for extended period of time at high density, dome-like structures appeared as a result of cell to cell contact induced differentiation. Immunofluorescence staining using antibodies against smooth muscle α-actin, vimentin and various cytokeratins were used to distinguish between different cell types. Cell types of epithelial and myoepithelial cells were confirmed. Complete differentiation of cells was achieved when growing them on a commercial basal membrane matrix preparation which contains laminin, collagen IV, and various growth factors. Cells grown on basal membrane matrix in growth medium supplemented with lactogenic hormones differentiated morphologically and functionally. Spherical structures that resembled the alveoli of lactating mammary gland were observed. Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was performed on the total RNA extracted from the cultured cells in order to detect the potentially present milk protein mRNAs.
Inhibicija amilolitične aktivnosti mok z neoptimalnim padajočim številom
Authors: KOVAČ Boris 
Published: December 2023

Študija proučuje vpliv dodatka ekstrakta nekaterih stročnic, ki naj bi vsebovale inhibitorje amilaz, na amilolitično aktivnost mok z nizkim padajočim številom (FN). Aktivnost amilaz je bila spremljana posredno z metodo določanja padajočega števila. Ugotovljen je bil optimalni čas vodne ekstrakcije. Raziskava je pokazala pozitivno povezavo dodatka moke stročnic z dvigom FN pšeničnih mok. Prikazane so povezave med različnimi koncentracijami ekstrakta in spremembo FN. Največji učinek je bil ugotovljen pri sorti fižolaTop Crop. Opravljena je bila peka kruha z dodatki različnih koncentracij moke fižola z največjim vplivom na padajoče število. Učinek dodatka moke fižola se je izrazil v manjšem volumnu pečenega kruha. Spremembe organoleptičnih lastnosti ni bilo zaznati pri 5 % dodatka, pri kruhih z dodatkom nad 2,5 odstotka je bilo zaznati daljšo svežino sredice.
Novosti evropske zakonodaje o zaščiti poskusnih živali
Authors: ORNIK Dragica 
Published: December 2023

Opravljena je bila primerjalna analiza veljavne slovenske zakonodaje s področja zaščite poskusnih živali z direktivo 2010/63/EU. Obveza držav članic je, da prenesejo direktivo v svoj pravni red najkasneje do 10. 11. 2012 in jo začnejo s 1. 1. 2013 uporabljati. Direktiva 2010/63/EU temelji na zahtevi po doslednem upoštevanju načela 3R ali zamenjave, zmanjšanja in izboljšanja pri vzreji, reji in uporabi živali v poskusih. V članku so primerjalno v preglednicah prikazane določbe veljavne slovenske zakonodaje in novosti direktive 2010/63/EU, ki jih bo Republika Slovenija morala vključiti v svoj pravni red. Iz preglednic je razvidno, katerih določil Republiki Sloveniji ni potrebno vključiti v bodočo zakonodajo in že veljavne določbe, ki jih lahko ohrani, saj omogočajo večjo zaščito poskusnih živali.
Antraknoza pri ameriških borovnicah (Vaccinium corymbosum L): povzročitelji in epidemiologija bolezni
Authors: MUNDA Alenka 
Published: December 2023

Antraknoza sodi med najpomembnejše glivične bolezni gojenih borovnic. Prizadene predvsem plodove: v času zorenja in med skladiščenjem se značilno zgubajo in zmehčajo, prekrijejo jih oranžne sluzaste gmote trosov. V letih 2005 - 2009 smo v nasadih ameriških borovnic na Ljubljanskem barju zbrali 33 primerkov simptomatičnih rastlin. S standardnimi mikroskopsko morfološkimi in molekulskimi tehnikami smo ugotovili, da je povzročiteljica antraknoze pri ameriških borovnicah gliva Colletotrichum fioriniae. S sukcesivno izolacijo iz naravno okuženih ameriških borovnic smo ugotovili, da je gliva C. fioriniae navzoča tekom vse rastne dobe. Izolirali smo jo tako iz organov in tkiv z izraženimi bolezenskimi znamenji kot tudi iz navidezno zdravih. Potrdili smo, da gliva prezimi v poganjkih z odmrlimi vršički ter v ostankih pecljevine, pa tudi v navidezno zdravih poganjkih in brstih. Brsti, zlasti rodni, so poleg poganjkov z odmrlimi vršički in ostankov pecljevine najpomembnejši vir primarnega inokuluma.
Analiza EST klonov križancev Coffea arabica X Coffea canephora in Coffea canephora X Coffea congensis
Authors: SVETEK Tina , ŠIBANC Nataša 
Published: December 2023

EST ali oznake izraženih zaporedij so DNA zaporedja, dolga od 100 do 800 baznih parov, pridobljena z eno reakcijo določanja nukleotidnega zaporedja cDNA molekulam iz 5’ ali 3’ smeri. Vsebujejo prepisana, ne nujno pa tudi prevedena, zaporedja genov ter pogosto tudi elemente vektorjev. Predstavljajo presežen nabor izraženih genov v nekem vzorcu in se uporabljajo za študije izražanja genov, iskanje novih genov, raziskave alternativnega izrezovanja intronov idr. Mnogokrat predstavljajo prvo orodje funkcionalne genomike manj raziskanih organizmov. Zaradi presežnosti se jih mnogokrat združuje v gruče. Največjo zbirko EST zaporedij vzdržuje NCBI, imenuje se dbEST in ima več kot 70 milijonov zaporedij. V omenjeni bazi smo poiskali klone EST dveh križancev kave, Coffea arabica X Coffea canephora ter Coffea canephora X Coffea congensis, ter s pomočjo BLAST algoritma poiskali katere proteine kodirajo. Najdenim proteinom smo nato določili ontologijo.
Somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration from nucleus tissues of Local orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck)
Authors: Al-TAHA Huda Abdel-karim , JASIM Abbas Mehdi , ABBAS Muayed Fadhil 
Published: December 2023

Somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration were achieved in callus cultures of nucellus tissues derived from undeveloped ovules of immature fruits of local orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck). Four types of culture media were used and all produced embryogenic callus. Somatic embryos were developed on MS medium supplemented with BA only. Embryo maturation took place on MS medium supplemented with BA and 2,4-D. Plantlets were regenerated from those somatic embryos on half strength MS medium free of plant growth regulators. The well-developed plantlets were transferred to a potting mix containing sand and peat moss (2: 1) and grown for 8 months, with a survival rate of 100 %.
Abbreviation: BA: 6-benzyl amino purine; 2,4-D: 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid; NAA: α-naphthalene acetic acid
Genska banka hmelja ter zdravilnih in aromatičnih rastlin na Inštitutu za hmeljarstvo in pivovarstvo Slovenije
Authors: FERANT Nataša , ČERENAK Andreja 
Published: December 2023

Genska banka hmelja (Humulus lupulus L.) je del Inštituta za hmeljarstvo in pivovarstvo Slovenije (IHPS) že 60 let, medtem ko je bila genska banka zdravilnih in aromatičnih rastlin ustanovljena leta 1976. Prva vključuje 16 sort hmelja (14 slovenskih in 2 nemški, pisani v Slovensko sortno listo) ter 59 divjih ženskih in 52 moških akcesij, ki so bile pridobljene na območju Slovenije, nekdanje Jugoslavije, Altaja in Kavkaza. Vzdržujejo se v trajnih nasadih, izbrane tudi v in vitro razmerah. Njihova dednina je uspešno vključena v naše najpomembnejše sorte hmelja. Danes je v genski banki 237 avtohtonih in pridobljenih akcesij zdravilnih in aromatičnih rastlin z območja Slovenije, bivše Jugoslavije in Evrope. Ves čas potekajo raziskave zlasti pri avtohtonih akcesijah vrst pravega kolmeža (Acorus calamus L.), navadne arnike (Arnica montana L.), navadne kumine (Carum carvi L.), zdravilne špajke (Valeriana officinalis L.) in žajblja (Salvia officinalis L.), kot tudi pri ostalih. Akcesije vzdržujemo v ex situ razmerah, izbrane vrste pa hranimo tudi v in vitro razmerah. Vse akcesije iz genske banke na IHPS so vpisane v EURISCO podatkovno bazo.
Ohranjanje in vrednotenje genskih virov zdravilnih rastlin
Authors: BARIČEVIČ Dea , RATAJC Petra , ZUPAN Marko , TURK Boris , VREŠ Branko , SELIŠKAR Andrej , SELIŠKAR Tomaž 
Published: December 2023

V okviru genske banke zdravilnih in aromatičnih rastlin pri Biotehniški fakulteti Univerze v Ljubljani (BFUNI) poteka ohranjanje genskih virov in situ, ex situ in in vitro. Pri in situ ohranjanju je bistveno popisovanje gostote populacij na naravnih rastiščih zdravilnih rastlin, pri čemer lokacije označimo z geografskimi koordinatami in ovrednotimo z deskriptorji za kolekcioniranje, okoljskimi deskriptorji in vrstno specifičnimi deskriptorji. Metodologija vrednotenja naravnih populacij rastlinskih vrst in njihovih habitatov, osnovana na sistemu deskriptorjev, je harmonizirana v okviru držav članic programa ECPGR in SEEDNet. S pomočjo terenskih vzorčenj zdravilnih in aromatičnih rastlin ter obdelave zbranih podatkov s pomočjo informacijskega sistema MEDPLANT bo mogoče prikazati biodiverziteto med preučevanimi populacijami zdravilnih in aromatičnih rastlin, kar bo v pomoč končnim uporabnikom in eventuelno žlahtniteljem v prihodnosti. V okviru terenskega dela ocenjujemo pojavnost 10 izbranih rastlinskih vrst: skupina taksonov navadnega rmana (Achillea millefolium L. s. lat.), skupina taksonov pravega ranjaka (Anthyllis vulneraria L. s. lat.), navadna arnika (Arnica montana L.) – zavarovana (kategorija varovanja – C, O) in ranljiva vrsta (kategorija ogroženosti – V), pravi pelin (Artemisia absinthium L.), skupina taksonov rumenega svišča, košutnika (Gentiana lutea L. s. lat.) – zavarovana (kategorija varovanja – C) in ranljiva vrsta (kategorija ogroženosti – V) (Uradni list RS 82/02, 46/04; 49/04; 110/04), šentjanževka (Hypericum perforatum L. s. lat.), navadna dobra misel (Origanum vulgare L. s. lat.), razkrečena rutica (Ruta divaricata Ten.), žajbelj (Salvia officinalis L.) in kraški šetraj (Satureja montana L. s. lat.).
Genska banka jagodičja
Authors: KORON Darinka 
Published: December 2023

Genska banka jagodičja v sklopu Slovenske rastlinske genske banke (SRGB) obsega monitoring in vrednotenje avtohtonih jagodičastih sadnih rastlin in situ; kolekcioniranje in spremljanje rasti in razvoja avtohtonih jagodičastih rastlin iz posameznih območij, presajenih v kolekcijsko poskusni nasad Kmetijskega inštituta Slovenije na Brdu pri Lukovici; kolekcioniranje starih in novih sort ter raziskovalno delo na avtohtonem rastlinskem materialu. Avtohtone jagodičaste sadne rastline zbiramo na potencialnih rastiščih po Sloveniji. Odbrane tipe rastlin in lokacije popišemo ter ovrednotimo na podlagi deskriptorjev. Ocene parametrov so temelj za presaditev rastlin v kolekcijski nasad in nadaljnje vrednotenje. Stare in nove sorte jagodičja so namenjene ohranjanju sort za izobraževanje in morebitno žlahtnjenje. Vse sorte oskrbujemo po običajnih tehnologijah. Na odbranih sortah posameznih jagodičastih sadnih vrst vsako leto spremljamo fenofaze razvoja, rodnost in občutljivost rastlin za škodljive organizme ter za zunanje vplive. V letu 2012 je bilo v poskusnih nasadih jagodičja Kmetijskega inštituta Slovenije na Brdu pri Lukovici (0,8 ha) in Drenovem griču (2,5 ha) posajenih 60 sort jagodnjaka, 29 sort malinjaka, 2 sorti črnega malinjaka, 7 sort robid, dva križanca med malinjakom in robido, preko 50 sort in selekcij črnega ribeza, 13 sort rdečega ribeza, 6 sort belega ribeza, 14 sort kosmulj, 1 križanec med črnim ribezom in kosmuljo, 50 sort ameriških borovnic ter 20 samosevk in križancev ameriških borovnic, ena brusnica in ena ameriška mahovnica (brusnica). Kolekcija vključuje tudi ostale, manj poznane vrste jagodičja. Skupno je več kot 270 sort, tipov in selekcij s preko 600 grmi rastlin in 300 grmiči jagod. Na avtohtonem sadilnem materialu ali starejših sortah iz kolekcij so opravljene raziskave morfoloških lastnosti avtohtonih tipov malinjaka, monitoring virusov na avtohtonih in gojenih malinjakih ter raziskava genskih markerjev in vsebnosti fenolov v plodovih borovnic.
Alternativni načini zatiranja strun (Coleoptera, Elateridae) na njivah
Authors: BOHINC Tanja , TRDAN Stanislav 
Published: December 2023

Strune, ličinke hroščev pokalic (Coleoptera: Elateridae), imajo velik gospodarski pomen v pridelavi živeža in krme v Sloveniji, drugih državah Evrope in na drugih celinah. Zaradi dokazanih negativnih učinkov sintetičnih insekticidov, se za zatiranje strun vse bolj ne le raziskujejo, ampak tudi uporabljajo alternativne metode . Med njimi je vse več v uporabi biofumigacija, ki je največkrat predstavljena kot uspešna alternativa sintetičnim fumigantom. V tej zvezi so križnice lahko v tla vnesene na več načinov. Med najbolj učinkovite spada uporaba moke iz semena, saj je prav v semenu koncentracija glukozinolatov največja. S kolobarjem in privabilnimi posevki izkoriščamo rastlinske izločke, ki z alelopatijo ali na kakšen drug način zmanjšujejo vitalnost strun ali jih na ta način odvračajo od glavnih posevkov. Privabilni in varovalni posevki pa varujejo tudi tla pred erozijo in zmanjšujejo gospodarski pomen plevelov. Poplavljanje njiv je zaradi potrebe po dostopu vode zahtevno, pri tem postopku pa imata velik pomen dolžina poplavljanja in temperatura vode. Medtem ko je v drugih evropskih državah dostopnost sintetičnih insekticidov za zatiranje strun nekoliko večja, pa je v Sloveniji registriran le sintetični insekticid teflutrin in entomopatogena gliva Beauveria bassiana. Našim bralcem in pridelovalcem želimo predstaviti alternativne možnosti zatiranja strun. V prispevku je predstavljeno 10 takšnih načinov, ki so se v raziskavah na različnih delih sveta pokazali kot učinkoviti in bi lahko našli mesto tudi na njivah v Sloveniji.
An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS)-based candidate reference measurement procedure for the quantification of zonisamide in human serum and plasma
Authors: Schierscher Tobias , Salzmann Linda , Singh Neeraj , Wild Janik , Fischer Vanessa , Bauland Friederike , Geistanger Andrea , Risch Lorenz , Geletneky Christian , Seger Christoph , Taibon Judith 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To describe and validate an isotope dilution-liquid chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS) based reference measurement procedure (RMP) for zonisamide to accurately measure serum and plasma concentrations.

Methods
Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) spectroscopy was employed to determine the absolute content of the reference material used in order to establish traceability to SI units. Separation of zonisamide from known or unknown interferences was performed on a C8 column. For sample preparation a protocol based on protein precipitation in combination with a high dilution step was established. Assay validation and determination of measurement uncertainty were performed based on guidelines from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, the International Conference on Harmonization, and the Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement.

Results
The RMP was proven to be highly selective and specific with no evidence of a matrix effect, allowing for quantification of zonisamide within the range of 1.50–60.0 μg/mL. Intermediate precision was <1.4 % and repeatability CV ranged from 0.7 to 1.2 % over all concentration levels. The relative mean bias ranged from 0.0 to 0.8 % for native serum levels and from 0.2 to 2.0 % for Li-heparin plasma levels. The measurement uncertainties for single measurements and target value assignment ranged from 1.1 to 1.4 % and 0.8–1.0 %, respectively.

Conclusions
We present a novel LC-MS/MS-based candidate RMP for zonisamide in human serum and plasma which provides a traceable and reliable platform for the standardization of routine assays and evaluation of clinically relevant samples.
Uniform Local Connectedness and Completion of Metric σ-Frames
Authors: Naidoo Inderasan 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We extend the notion of local connectedness and uniform local connectedness to the category M
σ
Frm of metric σ-frames. We provide the construction of the uniformly locally connected reflection of a locally connected metric σ-frame. We also discuss complete metric σ-frames and show the existence of a completion for a metric σ-frame in the category M
σ
Frm.
Does Militarization Hinder Female Labor Income Share?
Authors: Elveren Adem Yavuz 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study addresses the underexplored dimension of the relationship between military expenditures and gender inequality, drawing upon the insights of feminist security and international relations scholars. The influence of militarization on gender inequality is profound, manifesting itself significantly in both conflict and peacetime situations. The destruction of essential infrastructure further restricts women’s access to vital resources. In peacetime, the convergence of militarization and patriarchy reinforces women’s secondary roles in society, while higher military expenditures can divert resources from social spending, disproportionately affecting women and children reliant on public services. Despite extensive theoretical discussions, empirical studies on this nexus are limited. This paper contributes by presenting original evidence using a comprehensive dataset spanning 1991–2019, examining the Female Labor Income Share across over 100 countries. Findings reveal that militarization correlates with reduced the Female Labor Income Share, underscoring the urgency of addressing this critical linkage between militarization and gender inequality.