bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual versus single antiplatelet therapy in patients with nonminor ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis
Authors: Môro Izabela Orlandi , Marinheiro Gabriel , Leite Marianna , Monteiro Gabriel de Almeida , Pinheiro Agostinho C. , Telles João Paulo Mota 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Background Patients with ischemic stroke present a higher risk of stroke recurrence, neurological deterioration, and death. The benefit of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) over single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) among patients with minor ischemic stroke is well established; however, robust evidence is lacking for those with nonminor stroke.
Objective To describe the benefits and risks of DAPT versus SAPT in patients with nonminor ischemic stroke.
Methods We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for articles published from inception to April 2024. Data were collected from randomized clinical trials and observational studies comparing DAPT to SAPT following nonminor ischemic stroke, defined by a score ≥ 4 on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS).
Results In total, 6 studies were included, comprising 12,480 patients. The NIHSS score at baseline from the selected studies ranged from 4 to 15. There was no significant difference between DAPT and SAPT for recurrent stroke (risk ratio [RR] = 0.91; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] = 0.82–1.01; p = 0.09; I2 = 0%), ischemic stroke (RR = 0.89; 95%CI = 0.80–1.00; p = 0.05; I2 = 0%) or hemorrhagic stroke (RR = 1.23; 95%CI = 0.41-3.99; p = 0.66; I2 = 27%). Major bleeding was not significantly increased in the DAPT group compared with the SAPT group (RR = 0.87; 95%CI = 0.29–2.66; p = 0.81; I2 = 44%). The overall analysis did not show a significant difference in all-cause mortality (RR = 0.72; 95%CI = 0.50–1.02; p = 0.07; I2 = 0%).
Conclusion There was no difference between DAPT and SAPT regarding recurrent stroke, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, major bleeding, or overall mortality.
Jitter and muscle fiber conduction velocity in long COVID fatigue
Authors: Kouyoumdjian João Aris , Yamamoto Leticia Akemi Rama , Graca Carla Renata 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Background Long coronavirus disease (long COVID, LC) is defined as the continuation or development of new symptoms 3 months after the acute stage of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In LC, the rate of fatigue/postexertional malaise (F-PEM) has been described to be as high as 70%, regardless of age or severity of the acute symptoms.
Objective To evaluate the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) function and the isolated muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) in situ in LC cases and controls.
Methods We studied 37 subjects without SARS-CoV-2 (controls) and 32 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, half with LC symptoms (LC-yes) and half without them (LC-no). Single-fiber electromyography (jitter measured with a concentric electrode), MFCV, the fast-to-slow MFCV ratio (F/S ratio), and the motor unit potentials (MUPs) were taken in the tibialis anterior muscle.
Results At least 1 jitter parameter was abnormal in 1/37 controls, in 1/16 LC-no patients, and in 2/16 LC-yes patients, without significant differences among them. None of the subjects with abnormal jitter presented fluctuation symptoms or positive acetylcholine-receptor antibody. The MFCV and F/S ratios did not show abnormalities in any of the participants. The MUPs did not show myopathic or neurogenic abnormality in needle electromyography. The most frequent symptom in LC was F-PEM, which occurred in all LC-yes patients and was significantly different from the other groups.
Conclusion Fatigue/postexertional malaise was found in all cases of LC, and the electrophysiological findings did not indicate the muscle fiber or the NMJ as a relevant factor in this condition.
Guidelines for Parkinson's disease management part II: consensus from the movement disorders scientific department of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology – non-motor symptoms
Authors: Maia Débora Palma , Cury Rubens Gisbert , Brandão Pedro Renato P. , Cardoso Francisco E. C. , Bertholo Ana Paula , Felicio André Carvalho , Hilbig Arlete , Lobato Bruno Lopes Santos , Barbosa Eline Rozária F. , Quagliato Elizabeth Maria A. B. , Sousa Gustavo H. C. , Parmera Jacy Bezerra , Rúbia Márcia , Coletta Marcus Vinícius Della , Rocha Maria Sheila Guimarães , Spitz Mariana , Haddad Mônica , Murta Nina Rosa A. F. , Caramelli Paulo , Rodrigues Raimundo N. D. , Nitrini Ricardo , Prado Roberto , Tumas Vitor , Corrêa Neto Ylmar , Saba Roberta Arb 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) is a challenge, especially because it is considered highly individualized. The Brazilian Academy of Neurology (ABN) has identified the need to disseminate knowledge about its management, adapting the best evidence to the Brazilian population. The present article aims to report the recommendations for the treatment of non-motor symptoms of PD, developed by a group of specialists in movement disorders from the ABN's scientific department. In 2021, the first part, referring to the motor symptoms of PD, was published. The main non-motor symptoms were addressed—among them neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as depression, anxiety, cognitive alteration, and psychosis—as well as the possible recommended therapies and medications used to control pain, sleep disorders, and dysautonomia.
Unveiling digital dynamics: Do digital media investments impact organic branded searches?
Authors: Filippou Georgios , Georgiadis Athanasios G. , Jha Ashish Kumar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study addresses a fundamental challenge in digital advertising: how performance-focused campaigns, traditionally aimed at lower-funnel activity, may influence brand awareness. With the growth of online advertising, businesses increasingly rely on performance campaigns across social media, search engine marketing and display networks to drive results. However, a notable phenomenon has emerged. Businesses may observe substantial branded search activity, suggesting lower-funnel campaigns could indirectly shape brand awareness. To investigate this relationship, data were analysed from an e-commerce business operating in five European countries with an annual multimillion-euro lower-funnel budget. We employed a ridge regression model with adstock values to account for temporal advertising effects and address common challenges of multicollinearity in multichannel analysis. Our analysis reveals that lower-funnel campaigns significantly drive branded search activity, suggesting they play an unacknowledged role in building brand awareness. The incorporation of adstock values into ridge regression improves model performance, increasing the R
2 from 0.658 to 0.768 and lowering root mean square. This approach stabilizes residual variance and provides a more accurate representation of advertising’s fading effects over time. These findings offer a replicable framework for practitioners to measure the indirect branding effects of performance campaigns and optimise cross-channel investments.
Divided by vaccination? Evaluating the intergroup conflict between pro- and anti-vaccination groups in the post-pandemic era
Authors: Filsinger Maximilian , Freitag Markus 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The vaccination against COVID-19 has torn societies apart. Against this background we evaluate three interrelated research questions: (1) does vaccination polarize citizens even after the COVID-19 pandemic has faded; (2) do opinions about vaccination correlate with group formation and identification, and (3) do we observe opinion-based affective polarization regarding vaccination in the post-pandemic era? Based on two original surveys from Switzerland in early 2022 and late 2023, our results highlight that respondents have distinct opinions about vaccination, but that only pro-vaccination respondents have formed an opinion identity. We also observe an asymmetric affective polarization: pro-vaccination respondents show higher levels of liking toward other pro-vaccination respondents but significant dislike toward anti-vaccination respondents, while the same does not hold true for anti-vaccination respondents. Overall, affective polarization toward vaccination is less pronounced in the aftermath of the health crisis than during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, at a time when globalization is boosting the threat of pandemics, caution is warranted, as an increasing salience of vaccination could widen the divide again.
Preparing for knowledge co-production: A diagnostic approach to foster reflexivity for interdisciplinary research teams
Authors: Ligtermoet E. , Munera-Roldan C. , Robinson C. , Sushil Z. , Leith P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
There is broad recognition of the essential requirement for collaboration and co-producing knowledge in addressing sustainability crises and facilitating societal transitions. While much effort has focused on guiding principles and retrospective analysis, there is less research on equipping researchers with fit-for-context and fit-for-purpose approaches for preparing and implementing engaged research. Drawing on literature in co-production, collaboration and transdisciplinary science, we present an operationalising framework and accompanying approach designed as a reflexive tool to assist research teams embarking in co-production. This framework encourages critical evaluation of the research contexts in which teams are working, examining the interactions between positionality, purpose for co-producing, contextual and stakeholder power, and the tailoring of co-production processes. We tested this diagnostic approach with four interdisciplinary research teams preparing for co-production in sustainability research in Australia’s national science agency, CSIRO. Data collected during and after these applications, indicate that the approach effectively stimulated a greater understanding and application of a critical co-production lens in the research team’s engagement planning. Workshop discussions revealed opportunities for reflexivity were generated across four learning domains; cognitive, epistemic, normative and relational. We argue that fostering opportunities for reflexivity across these learning domains strengthens teams’ abilities to apply a critical co-production lens, in their engagement work. While this approach has been tested only in the initial preparatory phase for research teams, the framework and diagnostic questions are likely applicable to later work with collaborators and could support iterative re-application of the critical lens at important times during or throughout the life of a project.
Perturbative spin–orbit couplings for the simulation of extended framework materials
Authors: Vogt Jan-Robert , Wilhelm Jan , Hehn Anna-Sophia 
Published: February 2025

A comprehensive description of photo-chemical processes in materials, comprising spin-forbidden processes such as intersystem crossing and phosphorescence, implies taking into account spin–orbit coupling. We present an efficient implementation of a perturbative spin–orbit coupling correction for the Tamm–Dancoff approximation of linear-response time-dependent density functional theory within a mixed Gaussian and plane wave framework relying on spin–orbit coupling corrected pseudopotentials. The implementation is validated for a benchmark set of small aromatic molecules, with mean errors in excitation energies and spin–orbit coupling matrix elements being in the range of 0.1–0.6 eV and 1.0–14.4 cm−1, respectively, in comparison with density functional theory and density functional theory multi-reference configuration interaction reference results. Computational timings are given for a bismuth-containing metal–organic framework.
Aerobic granular sludge treating tannery wastewater and particle size control
Authors: Xu Dong , Wu Shuangxia , Li Zhaoxian , Wu Shuyun , Xu Jiancai , Gu Chaoguang 
Published: February 2025

Aerobic granulation of tannery wastewater was successfully accomplished in sequencing batch reactors, with R1 employing a conventional aeration head and R2 utilizing a spiky-type aeration head. The brief settling time of five minutes, along with the influent’s high concentrations of elements such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and iron, were critical factors influencing the formation of aerobic granules. The findings indicated that granules were successfully cultivated in reactors R1 and R2 by day 36 and day 40, respectively. By the 60th day of operation, the mean particle sizes for R1 and R2 were 469.6 ± 31.4 and 390.3 ± 22.8 μm, respectively, with corresponding SVI5 values of 43.6 and 46.2 ml/g. The implementation of a spiky-type aeration head proved effective in mitigating the increase in particle size by continuously shearing the granular sludge. During the entire granulation process, both systems demonstrated enhanced pollutant degradation capabilities, achieving removal efficiencies of ∼85% for COD, 80% for NH4+–N, 70% for TN, and 60% for TP after 60 days of operation. Notable alterations were observed in extracellular polymeric substances and microbial communities, with a substantial increase in the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, rising from 46.45% in the inoculum sludge to 80.98% in R1 and 75.86% in R2. This increase played a pivotal role in the granulation process.
Effects of residual feed intake on the growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and serum biochemical parameters of Cherry Valley ducks
Authors: Wang Zhicheng , Zhu Chunhong , Wang Yifei , Liu Hongxiang , Song Weitao , Tao Zhiyun , Xu Wenjuan , Gu Haotian , Zhang Shuangjie , Li Huifang 
Published: February 2025

Context Residual feed intake (RFI) is an important indicator for feed efficiency (FE) in poultry nutrition. Aims The present study assessed the impact of RFI on the growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and blood biochemical parameters of Cherry Valley ducks. Methods One thousand healthy male ducks at the age of 14 days were housed in individual cages until slaughter at the age of 42 days. The carcass yield, meat quality, and blood biochemical parameters of 40 ducks with the highest RFI (HRFI) and 40 ducks with the lowest RFI (LRFI) were determined. Key results For growth performance, RFI, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were considerably lower in the LRFI group than in the HRFI group, whereas no significant differences were observed in bodyweight (BW) or bodyweight gain (BWG). In terms of carcass traits and meat quality, the LRFI group had lower abdominal fat content and shear force, and a higher L* value, whereas there were no remarkable differences in other carcass and meat-quality traits between the two groups. For serum biochemical parameters, serum concentrations of cholecystokinin (CCK) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were significantly higher and total cholesterol (TC) and insulin (INS) concentrations were significantly lower in the LRFI group than in the HFRI group. Conclusions These outcomes suggest that choosing Cherry Valley ducks according to low RFI can enhance FE and some serum biochemical indices, without affecting their production performance, and it can reduce abdominal fat content. Implications Our results showed that RFI is a useful tool for breeders to select more efficient ducks for breeding. Future research should focus on exploring how genetic improvements could lead to lower RFI values in ducks, which could enhance the sustainability of the poultry industry.
Control of core-shell nanoparticles properties through plasma synthesis: a computational study
Authors: Gui Yifan , Lanham Eve , Kushner Mark J 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The improved properties of core-shell nanoparticles (CSNPs) over homogeneous nanoparticles (NPs) have expanded and diversified the applications of these nanomaterials. However, controlling the properties of CSNPs can be a challenging task. Low temperature plasmas (LTPs) have proven to be an effective method of producing NPs with uniform size and morphology, and high yield. That said, NP transport and growth dynamics are sensitive to LTP properties. We report on a computational investigation of the evolution of Ge-Si CSNP properties as a function of operating conditions through the modeling of a flowing, two-zone inductively coupled plasma (ICP) reactor. Ar/GeH4 and Ar/SiH4 gas mixtures were supplied to separate plasma zones at a pressure of 1 Torr to promote growth of Ge cores and Si shells. The negatively charged CSNPs are trapped electrostatically in the vicinity of the antennas where the plasma is generated and where the majority of particle growth occurs. Particles that grow to a critical size are then de-trapped by fluid drag due to neutral gas flow. A two-dimensional hybrid plasma model coupled with a three-dimensional kinetic NP transport model were utilized to resolve plasma chemistry and NP growth processes that take place on distinct timescales. The trends in CSNP properties and trapping mechanisms associated with flow rate, applied ICP power and inlet precursor fraction are discussed. While the spatial distribution of plasma produced radical species can have significant impact on the NP growth process, the NP transport dynamics are what ultimately dictates the growth environment that is unique to each particle and so determines their final dimension and composition. The key to optimizing reactor conditions involves controlling the spatial density of growth species and plasma profile as a means to tailor particle trapping dynamics suitable to produce CSNPs for a specific application.&#xD;
Semiconductor-to-metal transition in 2D ferroelectric In2Se3/Te heterobilayers: applications for non‐volatile memory devices
Authors: Ma Zhuang , LI Jitao , Song HongQuan , Wang Yujie , Ma Huizhong , Zhu Hongxia , Xu Yiguo , Wang Wenjie , Heng Yu , Wang Gui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Realizing the flexible control of 2D semiconductor-metal transition is a crucial challenge in non‐volatile memory devices. In this study, based on first-principles calculations and the nonequilibrium Green function formalism, we systematically investigated the stability, electronic structures, and transport properties of 2D ferroelectric In2Se3/Te heterobilayers. Our simulations indicate that the excellent thermal and dynamic stability of these heterobilayers. Moreover, the semiconductor to metal transition in In2Se3/Te can be flexibly controlled by modulating the ferroelectric polarization, enabling nonvolatile electrical manipulation of the transition in In2Se3/Te heterobilayers. Finally, the current-voltage (IV) curves of In2Se3/Te-based ferroelectric tunnel junction are examined by using the quantum transport simulations. Specifically, the In2Se3/Te-based junction exhibit an ultrahigh current on/off ratio of up to 3.89"×" 1011. This work provides the feasibility for the design of non‐volatile memory devices through ferroelectric polarization switching.
Ab initio calculations of pressure and temperature dependent elastic constants of lead
Authors: Jacquelin Camille , Jaupart Etienne , Dubois Vincent , Riﬀet Vanessa , Legrand Philippe , Pillon Laurianne Pillon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the framework of DFT, we present a methodology that is as ab initio as possible for calculating the elastic constants in pressure and temperature. In this context, elastic constants are derived via the strain-ﬂuctuation formalism involving Born, kinetic and stress ﬂuctuation terms. AIMD trajectories in the isokinetic (NVT) ensemble are performed using the Abinit software to evaluate each term. Stress ﬂuctuations are obtained directly from the trajectories. The Born term, on the other hand, is obtained by extracting several uncorrelated conﬁgurations from the trajectories and applying the energy-strain method. Bayesian inference is used to quantify the uncertainties associated with this procedure. As a result, the methodology enables elastic constants and their uncertainties to be evaluated for a wide range of materials. Admittedly, the whole approach has a high computational cost. In this paper, the method is then applied to solid lead in the fcc and hcp phases at various pressures and temperatures. The elastic constants obtained are linear as a function of temperature and pressure, and are qualitatively consistent with the experimental results available for the fcc phase. The major computational eﬀort involved in obtaining a numerical ab initio reference database for lead can be used to test the accuracy of other approaches using surrogate models.&#xD;
A Novel Fault Exclusion Algorithm for Kalman Filter-Based RAIM with GPS and NavIC for Aircraft Navigation
Authors: Bhattacharyya Susmita 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing interest in Kalman filter (KF)-based integrity monitoring. In this context, a novel fault exclusion (FE) algorithm is developed in this paper for aviation applications, extending prior work on receiver autonomous integrity monitoring for Global Navigation Satellite Systems. Schmidt KF (SKF) is used as a navigation filter to account for time-correlated measurement errors. The presented approach first reduces the computational load of existing work by suitably modifying the fault detection method with nominal changes in performance. Then, it designs an FE methodology, building on the fault detection tests with the SKF. Following the FE, the SKF is appropriately re-initialized, thereby precluding past faults from corrupting the current estimate. Re-initialization is achieved without implementing multiple filters, unlike existing strategies in the literature. Protection levels (PL) are calculated to bound the position errors in the presence of undetected faults. The FE performance is studied in detail using Global Positioning System and Navigation with Indian Constellation signals simulated for an aircraft trajectory. Step, ramp and sinusoidal faults are introduced into multiple satellites at different time instants. The algorithm is shown to hold promise for successfully excluding faults. In only two of more than 50 failure scenarios, a 5 m step fault is not excluded, but the position errors remain bounded by the respective PLs. The new method also offers better performance than that of a conventional algorithm in the presence of ramp and sinusoidal faults. This is particularly important because position errors are unacceptable (i.e. oscillate or grow with time) as some of these faults are not excluded by the conventional approach, resulting in hazardous situations.
The SiP nanotubes as potential metal-free photocatalyst: a density functional theory study
Authors: Wang Chao , Hui Xuan , Zhu Yingtao , Zhao Huanyu , Cao Weijun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Hydrogen generation via photocatalytic water splitting holds significant potential as a strategy to tackle energy crises and environmental degradation. We investigated the electronic and photocatalytic properties of SiP single-walled nanotubes as potential photocatalysts employing HSE06 hybrid density functional along with all-electron Gaussian basis sets. Relative to the monolayer, the band gap of nanotube is reduced (e.g., 1.99 eV for (55,0)), and the nature of electron transfer in nanotube changes to direct which can extend the visible light absorption range. Moreover, the hydrogen production rate for SiP (55,0) nanotube increases from 9.97% to 12.41%. Calculations of the band edge positions under various pH conditions indicate that nanotubes exhibit strong reduction capabilities. Within the pH value between 0 and 7 nanotubes with a radius exceeding 40 Å can split water into H2 and O2 simultaneously under sunlight irradiation. Applying tensile and compressible strain can effectively enhance the oxidation ability for overall water splitting due to downward valance band edge. Furthermore, the difference in mobility between the (50,0) nanotube electrons (140.68 cm2 v-1 s-1) and hole (4.26 cm2 v-1 s-1) suggests that electron-hole recombination can be mitigated. Based on the above findings, we hypothesize that SiP nanotubes should be a potential metal-free photocatalyst.