bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POLE mutations in endometrial carcinoma: Clinical and genomic landscape from a large prospective single‐center cohort
Authors: Nero Camilla , Trozzi Rita , Persiani Federica , Rossi Simone , Mastrantoni Luca , Duranti Simona , Camarda Floriana , Marino Ilenia , Giacò Luciano , Pasciuto Tina , De Bonis Maria , Rinelli Martina , Perrone Emanuele , Giacomini Flavia , Lorusso Domenica , Piermattei Alessia , Zannoni Gianfranco , Fanfani Francesco , Scambia Giovanni , Minucci Angelo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundTo date, 11 DNA polymerase epsilon (POLE) pathogenic variants have been declared “hotspot” mutations. Patients with endometrial cancer (EC) characterized by POLE hotspot mutations (POLEmut) have exceptional survival outcomes. Whereas international guidelines encourage deescalation of adjuvant treatment in early‐stage POLEmut EC, data regarding safety in POLEmut patients with unfavorable characteristics are still under investigation. On the other hand, the spread of comprehensive genome profiling programs has underscored the need to interpret POLE variants not considered to be hotspots.MethodsThis study provides a comprehensive analysis of 596 sequenced patients with EC. The genomic landscape of POLEmut EC was compared with cases harboring nonhotspot POLE mutations within the exonuclease domain. Additionally, the genomic characteristics of multiple classifiers, as well as those exhibiting unfavorable histopathological and clinical features, were examined.ResultsNo significant genomic differences were observed among patients with POLEmut EC when comparing multiple classifiers to not‐multiple classifiers or those with unfavorable clinical features. However, the tumor mutational burden differed in both comparisons, whereas the percentage of C>G mutations only differed in the comparison based on clinical features. Specific POLE mutations, even if not considered to be hotspots, have genomic features comparable to POLEmut.ConclusionsThe present findings confirm the absence of significant genomic differences among POLEmut patients regardless of multiple‐classifier status or association with high‐risk clinical features. Prognostic data will be essential to elucidate the clinical significance of POLE mutations not classified as hotspots that exhibit genomic characteristics similar to those in POLEmut patients.
An analysis of multilevel factor contributions to breast cancer screening inequities in an academic health system
Authors: Marcotte Leah M. , Khor Sara , Reddy Ashok , Morenz Anna , Nelson Karin , Akinsoto Nkem , Lee E. Sally , Onstad Susan , Wong Edwin S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer screening (BCS) inequities are evident at national and local levels, and many health systems want to address these inequities, but may lack data about contributing factors. The objective of this study was to inform health system interventions through an exploratory analysis of potential multilevel contributors to BCS inequities using health system data.MethodsThe authors conducted a cross‐sectional analysis within a large academic health system including 19,774 individuals who identified as Black (n = 1445) or White (n = 18,329) race and were eligible for BCS. They evaluated individual‐level, provider‐level, and clinic‐level factors. They conducted logistic regression and Blinder‐Oaxaca (BO) decomposition analyses to quantitatively estimate the contribution of factors to the mean difference in BCS outcomes between the two racialized groups. They calculated average marginal effects (AME) for the logistic regression models representing the estimated additive probability of receiving BCS in the Black versus White group.ResultsBCS was completed in 63.7% of Black and 71.7% of White individuals (AME, –0.08; 95% confidence interval (CI), –0.10 to –0.04; p < .001). In the BO decomposition, observed factors explained 13.3% difference in BCS. Lower patient portal use among Black versus White patients had the greatest estimated contribution to the BCS inequity (4.6 percentage points; 95% CI, 3.0–6.2).ConclusionRacialized group differences in patient portal use had the greatest estimated contribution to the explained difference in BCS between Black and White individuals. Patient portal use promotion could be considered as a part of multifaceted health system efforts to address BCS inequities.
Spectral Narrowing Strategies in Multiple Resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials
Authors: He Qianyu , Li Mengke , Su Shi‐Jian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMulti‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) materials possess unique advantages of high‐efficiency and narrowband emission, which have rapidly occupied an important position in the field of organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). In recent years, significant advancements have been made in the development of MR‐TADF materials, particularly in achieving spectral narrowing for high‐color‐purity OLED applications. Based on diverse MR‐TADF molecular skeletons, this review summarizes the primary molecular strategies to narrow spectrum by suppressing structural relaxation and intermolecular interactions. Key strategies include π‐conjugation extension, increased molecular rigidity, and the introduction of bulky substituents and intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Additionally, effects of these strategies on photophysical properties are discussed. These molecular design strategies are expected to offer valuable insights for the future design of high‐efficiency, narrowband OLED emitters.
Effect of Bacille Calmette–Guérin vaccination on immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 and COVID‐19 vaccination
Authors: Messina Nicole L , Germano Susie , Chung Amy W , van de Sandt Carolien E , Stevens Natalie E , Allen Lilith F , Bonnici Rhian , Croda Julio , Counoupas Claudio , Grubor‐Bauk Branka , Haycroft Ebene R , Kedzierska Katherine , McDonald Ellie , McElroy Rebecca , Netea Mihai G , Novakovic Boris , Perrett Kirsten P , Pittet Laure F , Purcell Ruth A , Subbarao Kanta , Triccas James A , Lynn David J , Curtis Nigel ,   the BRACE Trial Consortium Group
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectivesBacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination has off‐target effects on disease risk for unrelated infections and immune responses to vaccines. This study aimed to determine the immunomodulatory effects of BCG vaccination on immune responses to vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2.MethodsBlood samples, from a subset of 275 SARS‐CoV‐2‐naïve healthcare workers randomised to BCG vaccination (BCG group) or no BCG vaccination (Control group) in the BRACE trial, were collected before and 28 days after the primary course (two doses) of ChAdOx1‐S (Oxford‐AstraZeneca) or BNT162b2 (Pfizer‐BioNTech) vaccination. SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific antibodies were measured using ELISA and multiplex bead array, whole blood cytokine responses to γ‐irradiated SARS‐CoV‐2 (iSARS) stimulation were measured by multiplex bead array, and SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific T‐cell responses were measured by activation‐induced marker and intracellular cytokine staining assays.ResultsAfter randomisation (mean 11 months) but prior to COVID‐19 vaccination, the BCG group had lower cytokine responses to iSARS stimulation than the Control group. After two doses of ChAdOx1‐S, differences in iSARS‐induced cytokine responses between the BCG group and Control group were found for three cytokines (CTACK, TRAIL and VEGF). No differences were found between the groups after BNT162b2 vaccination. There were also no differences between the BCG and Control groups in COVID‐19 vaccine‐induced antigen‐specific antibody responses, T‐cell activation or T‐cell cytokine production.ConclusionBCG vaccination induced a broad and persistent reduction in ex vivo cytokine responses to SARS‐CoV‐2. Following COVID‐19 vaccination, this effect was abrogated, and BCG vaccination did not influence adaptive immune responses to COVID‐19 vaccine antigens.
Engineering the future of medicine: Natural products, synthetic biology and artificial intelligence for next‐generation therapeutics
Authors: Bülbül Emre F. , Bode Helge B. , Schmitt Steven , Bozhüyük Kenan A. J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe eXchange Unit between Thiolation domains approach and artificial intelligence (AI)‐driven tools like Synthetic Intelligence are transforming nonribosomal peptide synthetase and polyketide synthase engineering, enabling the creation of novel bioactive compounds that address critical challenges like antibiotic resistance and cancer. These innovations expand chemical space and optimize biosynthetic pathways, offering precise and scalable therapeutic solutions. Collaboration across synthetic biology, AI, and clinical research is essential to translating these breakthroughs into next‐generation treatments and revolutionizing drug discovery and patient care.
Decoding Circular Dichroism Contributions in Chiral Hybrid Perovskites
Authors: Alehyane Amina , Fortino Mariagrazia , Barbault Florent , Monari Antonio , Pietropaolo Adriana 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHybrid organic–inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) are promising materials in optoelectronics, particularly for photovoltaic applications, due to their tunable properties and ease of fabrication. Among them, chiral HOIPs are gaining attention for their unique chiroptical properties, by the incorporation of chiral organic molecules into their structure. Despite their potential, the relationship between chiral HOIP structures and their chiroptical properties, such as circular dichroism (CD) spectra, remains challenging to decrypt. This study introduces a simulation workflow based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time‐Dependent DFT (TD‐DFT) to model the CD spectrum of the chiral 2D perovskite encapsulating S‐1‐(3‐bromophenyl)‐ethylamine (S‐(3Br‐MBA)₂PbI₄). The approach combines ab‐initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) with TD‐DFT calculations evaluating the contributions on the whole chiral hybrid perovskite scaffold and those of the isolated ligands, allowing us to dissect the contributions to the CD spectrum of chiral ligands and of the metal‐halide sublattice. Additionally, the absorption dissymmetry factor gabs has been also computed finding good agreement with the experimental value.This work provides valuable insights for the design of advanced chiroptoelectronic materials.
Base‐Promoted Tandem Synthesis of 6‐H‐Phenanthridine and its Derivatives
Authors: Jin Haoyu , Zeng Min , Wang Shouliang , Ding Yitian , Chen Suyang , Feng Jinxi , Chen Xianhao , Miao Tingting , Wu Fen , Shi Qian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHerein, we proposed a simple approach for synthesizing 6‐H‐phenanthridine through, which was a tandem reaction and promoted by base. 2′‐Fluoro‐[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐2‐carbaldehydes and LiN(SiMe3)2 were simply added and combined to obtain different structures of 6‐H‐phenanthridines (26 examples, ≤90 % yield). In the syntheses of 6‐H‐phenaridine, the transition metal‐free approach outlined in this paper is direct, convenient and easy to execute.
C−C Coupling of Ketones with Ethanol and Methanol Enabled by Nickel Catalysis
Authors: Sk Motahar , Ghosh Adrija , Mohan Kabadwal Lalit , Banerjee Debasis 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHerein, we have reported the application of C1 and C2 alcohols for the C−C coupling with ketones enabled by nickel. De‐hydrogenation of ethanol took place under relatively milder conditions (100 °C) and resulted the functionalized 1,5‐diketones with acetophenone derivatives in one pot operation. Further, multi‐component strategy using ketones, and methanol in combination with various nitrogen‐based nucleophiles resulted the α‐aminomethylation under nickel‐catalysis. For a synthetic application, a series of tetra‐substituted pyridines have been demonstrated. Preliminary mechanistic investigations, control experiments and deuterium labelling studies were established the interrupted borrowing hydrogen (I‐BH) strategy. The catalytic transformations are highly sustainable and released water and dihydrogen as by products.
A cross‐sectional study comparing passive and eccentric modes of an isokinetic dynamometer to assess eccentric torque in trained athletes: Methodological considerations
Authors: Delextrat Anne , Sastre‐Munar Andreu , de Ste Croix Mark , Walsh Gregory 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSome technical limitations to using the eccentric mode to measure peak eccentric strength of the hamstrings (PTHecc) were raised. PTHecc also has limited validity to predict performance or injury risk factor. Therefore, our aim was to compare PTHecc and other isokinetic variables tested in the eccentric and passive modes. Twenty male hockey players (20.2 ± 1.1 years; 179.7 ± 6.9 cm; 73.4 ± 7.1 kg and 12.2 ± 3.4% of body fat) performed maximal eccentric contractions of the hamstrings at 60°·s−1 (three repetitions) and 180°·s−1 (five repetitions) on both legs and using the eccentric mode and the passive mode (automatic movement of the lever arm) of the Biodex System 4 isokinetic dynamometer. The following variables were measured: PTHecc, the angle of peak torque (APT,°), angle‐specific Hecc torque at intervals of 10° and the rate of torque development (RTD) in the first 50 ms and the first 100 ms. The main results showed that compared to the eccentric mode, the passive mode led to a significantly greater PTHecc in the non‐dominant leg only and significantly smaller APT, RTD and angle‐specific Hecc at angles close to knee flexion. In contrast, significantly greater angle‐specific Hecc was observed in the passive mode at angles close to extension (10°–40°). This suggests that, although eccentric or concentric modes can be used to compare isokinetic data to existing literature, it is preferable to use the passive mode to assess peak torque or torque close to knee extension. The eccentric mode might be better to assess variables at the start of movement such as RTD.
An Integrated Heat Recovery System Design for a Fuel Cell Buggy With Hydrogen Preheating and Thermoelectric Generator
Authors: Hamdan M. H. , Mohamed W. A. N. W. , Aminudin M. A. , Kamarudin S. K. , Zakaria I. A. , Singh B. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study presents an integrated heat recovery‐proton exchange membrane (IHR‐PEM) fuel cell system designed for lightweight vehicles powered by a 2 kW PEM fuel cell. The IHR system captures waste heat through multiple heat exchangers and integrates thermoelectric generator (TEG) modules for electrical regeneration and hydrogen preheating, enhancing PEM fuel cell performance. Utilizing the temperature gradient between the fuel cell's exhaust and the ambient environment, the system effectively converts waste heat into electrical energy, improving energy efficiency. Experimental evaluation under various operating parameters, including cruising speeds, PEM fuel cell loads, rejuvenation conditions, and electrical regeneration strategies, demonstrated the system's effectiveness. Results revealed waste heat absorption of up to 8.5 W and hydrogen preheating by 19°C, leading to an 11.5% increase in electrical power production and a maximum PEM fuel cell efficiency improvement of 11%. This study advances waste heat recovery (WHR) technologies in fuel cell‐based transportation, significantly improving energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions. The findings provide valuable insights into the integration of regenerative WHR systems for lightweight vehicles, fostering the development of sustainable and energy‐efficient transportation solutions.
Gene−Air Pollution Interaction and Diversity of Genetic Sampling: The Southern California Children's Health Study
Authors: Po Justine , Morrison John , Marian Brittney , Chen Zhanghua , James Gauderman W. , Garcia Erika 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGene−environment interactions have been observed for childhood asthma, however few have been assessed in ethnically diverse populations. Thus, we examined how polygenic risk score (PRS) modifies the association between ambient air pollution exposure (nitrogen dioxide [NO2], ozone, particulate matter < 2.5 and < 10 μm) and childhood asthma incidence in a diverse cohort. Participants (n = 1794) were drawn from the Southern California Children's Health Study, a multi‐wave prospective cohort followed from 4th to 12th grade. PRS was developed using single nucleotide polymorphisms previously associated with childhood asthma. PRS−asthma associations and PRS−air pollutant interactions were estimated using Poisson regression. An interquartile range PRS increase was associated with 36% (95% CI: 9%, 70%) higher asthma incidence among non‐Hispanic children, but not associated with asthma among Hispanic children (rate ratio: 0.81 [95% CI: 0.62, 1.04]). NO2−PRS interaction was borderline significant in the overall sample (coefficient: 0.23 [95% CI: −0.03, 0.49]). Limited evidence was observed for a positive interaction between PRS and NO2 exposure associated with asthma incidence; however, the literature‐based PRS was not associated with asthma among Hispanic participants. Equitable, diverse genetic sampling approaches are needed to better identify clinically relevant SNPs in this population.
Response Surface Optimisation of Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Onto Palm Shell Activated Carbon Functionalised With Natural Amino Acids
Authors: Mohamed Hatta Nur Syahirah , Hussin Farihahusnah , Gew Lai Ti , Aroua Mohamed Kheireddine 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAmino acids have shown promising results for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture when functionalised on solid materials; however, the functionalisation often relies on commercial synthetic amino acids. This study investigated the optimal CO2 adsorption performance of amino acid–functionalised material synthesised from palm shell–based activated carbon and natural amino acids, specifically egg white (EW) solution, in a continuous adsorption column. The process conditions of the column were optimised using response surface methodology. Four parameters, namely, the gas flow rate, adsorption temperature, CO2 concentration and EW concentration in the impregnation solution, were identified as significantly affecting CO2 adsorption performance. Good agreements were obtained between the predicted and experimental data, with the coefficients of determination ranging from 0.9639 to 0.9784. A maximum CO2 adsorption capacity of 1.1793 mmol/g was achieved under optimal process conditions: a gas flow rate of 200 mL/min, an adsorption temperature of 25°C, a CO2 concentration of 25 vol.%, and an EW concentration of 15 wt.%. The validation results further confirmed the reliability of the developed model equation in predicting the maximum CO2 adsorption capacity at a fixed 15 vol.% CO2 concentration, with low estimation error. The comparable results obtained using EW waste in this study represent a significant finding in the potential for waste valorisation, aligning with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, as well as contributing to climate action as outlined in SDG 13.
Surgical Approaches to Pre‐Auricular Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas Extending to the Temporal Bone
Authors: Schachtel Michael , Gandhi Mitesh , Bowman James , Midwinter Mark , Panizza Benedict 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundStandardized surgical approaches to advanced pre‐auricular cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCC) are lacking.MethodsFifty–four patients who underwent lateral temporal bone resection (LTBR) for pre‐auricular cSCC were grouped into “Levels” of increasing disease spread. Surgical approaches to achieve negative‐margin resection were designed for each Level and replicated on cadaveric specimens.ResultsLevel 1 extended to the external auditory canal, requiring LTBR ± superficial parotidectomy. Level 2 involved the retromandibular space ± temporomandibular joint, necessitating partial mandibulectomy, in addition to the above. Level 3 and 4 involved the deep parotid, being situated either away from (> 5 mm) or close (≤ 5 mm) to the anterior carotid sheath (ACS), respectively. These tumors require radical parotidectomy, with incorporation of the ACS for Level 4. Level 5 involved the ACS at the skull base and should be treated non‐surgically.ConclusionThis Level‐based system will hopefully lead to further prospective studies and improvements in outcomes for advanced pre‐auricular cSCC.
Oncogenic Human Papillomaviruses Drive One‐Third of Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Are Not Mutually Exclusive for Gene Mutations
Authors: Henrion Maxime , Costes‐Martineau Valérie , Bravo Ignacio González , Boulle Nathalie , Solassol Jérôme , Vendrell Julie , Garrel Renaud , Trinquet Aude , Lacheretz‐Szablewski Vanessa 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe detection rate of oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in sinonasal squamous cell carcinomas (SNSCCs) varies among studies. The mutational landscape of SNSCCs remains poorly investigated.MethodsWe investigated the prevalence and prognostic significance of HPV infections based on p16 protein expression, HPV‐DNA detection, and E6/E7 mRNA expression using immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction, and in situ hybridization, respectively. In addition, we evaluated the genetic mutations in 59 patients using next‐generation sequencing.ResultsOne‐third of the SNSCCs were truly oncogenic HPV‐driven tumors associated with a nonkeratinizing morphology (p = 0.01) and did not correlate with the prognosis. The following gene mutations were detected: TP53, PIK3CA, CDKN2A, EGFR, and FGFR3. These mutations occurred alone, in association with, or with oncogenic HPV.ConclusionOne‐third of SNSCCs were high‐risk HPV driven lesions. However, gene mutations and HR‐HPV infections are not mutually exclusive. Further studies are required to analyze the prognostic value of these associations.
Navigating the complexities of managing placenta accreta spectrum: A case series and literature review
Authors: Nyagaka Felix , Mutiso Steve , Oindi Felix 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPlacenta accreta spectrum (PAS) poses a significant risk for maternal morbidity and mortality. There is a global rise in incidence of PAS in tandem with an increase in rates of cesarian section. Previous cesarian section and presence of placenta previa are two independent risk factors for development of PAS. Other risk factors are dilatation and curettage, endometrial ablation, and hysteroscopy. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging are useful in prenatal diagnosis, antenatal follow‐up, and pre‐operative planning. Patient care is individualized to optimize outcomes with appropriate preoperative counseling. However, a significant number of cases remain undiagnosed and are incidentally discovered during cesarian section or management for retained placenta. Patients may suffer significant morbidity such as postpartum hemorrhage, massive blood transfusion, injury to pelvic viscera, hysterectomy, acute kidney infection, and even death. Cesarean hysterectomy is the mainstay of treatment. In selected cases, conservative management may be offered. This includes leaving the placenta in situ with interval resolution, manual removal, application of compression sutures and balloon tamponade, myometrial resection with repair, and the triple P procedure. In this series, we present seven patients with PAS managed at a tertiary teaching and referral hospital in Kenya. We highlight and discuss their antenatal presentation, intraoperative findings, management and the postoperative course. Early diagnosis, involvement of multidisciplinary team, and good preoperative planning are key to achieving a good outcome. Patients with PAS should be managed in facilities with sufficient resources, skilled personnel to manage complications arising from treatment such as need for massive transfusion, and intensive care.