bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the safety of a non‐animal stabilized hyaluronic acid (NASHA – Q‐Medical, Sweden) in European countries: a retrospective study from 1997 to 2001
Authors: André P 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACTBackground  In Europe, several filler devices are currently on the market for use in aesthetic dermatology and some of them cause severe, permanent, adverse reactions. Since 1996 a non‐animal stabilized hyaluronic acid (NASHA) from Q‐Medical, Sweden, has been introduced and is becoming a leading product in aesthetic dermatology. Hyaluronic acid has no species specificity and skin testing is not recommended before treatment.Objective  Our purpose was to evaluate the incidence of adverse reactions from 1997 to 2001 and the safety of NASHA after injections into the skin for aesthetic reasons.Method  Surveys were sent to physicians in European countries that agreed to participate. This is a retrospective study. A total of 12 344 syringes were sold by the Q‐Medical to these physicians and we evaluated the total number of patients treated to 35% of this number (4320). We separated immediate hypersensitivity reactions from delayed reactions and analysed infectious and other types of reactions.Results  From 1997 until 2001, 34 cases of hypersensitivity were reported: 16 cases of immediate hypersensitivity and 18 cases of delayed. The global risk of sensitivity is 0.8%. Since 2000, the amount of protein in the raw product has decreased and the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions is around 0.6%. As 50% of these reactions are immediate and resolved within less than 3 weeks, the risk of strong but transient, delayed reaction is around 0.3%. Four cases of abscess were reported. They were all sterile. No bacterial infection was found. Herpetic recurrence is possible after lip augmentation according to the technique of injection. No systemic reactions were reported.Conclusion  NASHA is a very useful and safe filler product. Skin testing does not seem to be necessary.
Intramuscular bipenicillin vs. intravenous penicillin in the treatment of erysipelas in adults: randomized controlled study
Authors: Zeglaoui F , Dziri C , Mokhtar I , Ezzine N , Kharfi M , Zghal M , Fazaa B , Kamoun MR 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACTThe objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of intramuscular penicillin: mixture of benzyl penicillin and procain penicillin (2 MU × 2 times daily) and intravenous benzyl penicillin (4 MU × 6 times daily) in the treatment of hospitalized adult patients with erysipelas.A prospective randomized unicentric trial was conducted. In total, 112 patients entered the study; 57 in the intramuscular group and 55 patients in the intravenous group completed the trial.The failure rate was 14% for intramuscular group and 20% for the intravenous group (P = 0.40). Local complications such as of the leg abscesses were observed in the two groups (intravenous 9.1%, intramuscular 7%;P = 0477). Of the patients treated with intravenous benzyl penicillin, 25.5% presented complications related to the route (venitis). Intramuscular penicillin should be considered an effective and well‐tolerated treatment of erysipelas in adult patients.
Otosyphilis: report on six cases
Authors: Klemm E , Wollina U 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACTSyphilis is a multisystemic disease that may also affect the inner ear. The objective of this study was to investigate the frequency, clinical presentation and outcome of otosyphilis. A retrospective analysis of inpatients seen by a team of ENT specialists and dermatologists at a teaching hospital in Dresden, Germany, during 1986–2000. Six cases of otosyphilis had been diagnosed. None was related to risk factors such as HIV infection or drug abuse. We identified four female and two male patients, age range 25–58 years. Four patients suffered from syphilis stage II, one from syphilis stage and another from congential syphilis. ENT complaints included loss or impairment of hearing, tinnitus and nystagmus. All were treated with penicillin G. Adjuvant therapy included systemic corticosteroids oral pentoxifillin in two patients each. Improvement of ENT symptoms was achieved in all but one patient, who suffered from congential syphilis. This study confirms that otosyphilis is still a complication of syphilis in developed countries. The first line therapy is systemic penicillin G. There is a lack of controlled trials for adjuvant treatments such as corticosteroids and pentoxifillin. Clinical cooperation between dermatologists/venereologists and ENT specialists supports the best outcome.
Elastophagocytosis: a feature of resolving Sweet's syndrome
Authors: Loo WJ , Rytina E , Banfield C 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACTWe report the case of a patient with atypical Sweet's syndrome characterized by an annular erythema that showed consumption of elastic fibres by giant cells and histiocytes. Although the lesions were found on sun‐exposed sites and the first biopsy demonstrated extensive elastophagocytosis, our patient did not have photodamaged skin clinically. A repeat biopsy 5 weeks later demonstrated an abundant collection of neutrophils supporting the diagnosis of Sweet's syndrome. To our knowledge, an elastolytic granulomatous reaction pattern has not been previously reported in Sweet's syndrome.
Graham Little–Piccardi–Lassueur syndrome associated with androgen insensitivity syndrome (testicular feminization)
Authors: Vega Gutiérrez J , Miranda‐Romero A , Pérez Milán F , Martínez García G 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACTGraham Little–Piccardi–Lassueur syndrome is characterized by the presence of cicatricial alopecia on the scalp, keratosis pilaris in the skin of trunk and extremities, and non‐cicatricial hair loss in pubis and axillae. A frequent form of male pseudohermaphroditism is complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS), also known as testicular feminization syndrome. It refers to genetic males with XY karyotype who, owing to a lack of sensitivity in the peripheral androgenic receptors, develop a female phenotype. Axillary and pubic hair is typically scarce or absent. To our knowledge, this is the first case describing the association of the two processes. The presence of both processes in the same patient furthers our understanding of Graham Little–Piccardi–Lassueur syndrome as it rejects the influence of androgens in the alopecias accompanying this syndrome. The coincidence of non‐cicatricial alopecia in axillary and pubic hair in both processes is also remarkable.
Disease‐specific quality of life is associated with anxiety and depression in patients with acne
Authors: Yazici K , Baz K , Yazici AE , Köktürk A , Tot S , Demirseren D , Buturak V 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACTObjective  We aimed to evaluate the relationships between acne severity, anxiety, depression and disease‐specific quality of life in patients with acne.Method  A total of 61 patients with acne vulgaris and 38 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Acne severity was assessed by the Global Acne Grading System. All patients were asked to complete the Acne Quality of Life Scale (AQOL), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), and healthy controls to fill only the HAD.Results  The mean HAD anxiety subscale (HAD‐A) and HAD depression subscale (HAD‐D) scores of the patients were significantly higher than those of the controls. The rates of subjects at risk for anxiety (26.2%) and for depression (29.5%) were significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (0% and 7.9%, respectively). We found no correlations between acne severity and scores of AQOL, DLQI, HAD‐A and HAD‐D. AQOL and DLQI scores were positively correlated with HAD‐A and HAD‐D scores in the patient group. The patients at risk for anxiety had significantly higher scores on AQOL and DLQI compared to those who were not at risk. There were no statistically significant differences between the female and male patients with respect to AQOL, DLQI, HAD‐A and HAD‐D scores.Conclusion  (1) Irrespective of the degree of severity, patients with acne are at increased risk for anxiety and depression compared to the normal population. (2) Acne negatively affects quality of life, and the greater the impairment of quality of life due to acne, the greater the level of anxiety and depression. (3) A greater impairment of dermatologic quality of life seems to put the patient at an increased risk for anxiety disorder.
Antitumour activity of paclitaxel and interferon‐alpha in a case of metastatic eccrine porocarcinoma
Authors: Gutermuth J , Audring H , Voit C , Trefzer U , Haas N 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACTBackground  Eccrine porocarcinoma (EP) is a rare malignant tumour arising in the acrosyringium, with about 50% of the cases developing local recurrence or metastatic disease. No standard therapy protocols for metastatic disease exist. In the past, only short remissions were achieved by applying combinations of cytotoxic agents, which were associated with severe side‐effects.Aim of the study  In the case reported here, the aim was to find a protocol with fewer side‐effects for a patient who was not willing to undergo extensive polychemotherapy.Subject  A 67‐year‐old male patient with local recurrence and regional lymph node metastases after resection of EP was treated with a combination of interferon‐alpha (IFN‐α) 9 million units s.c. three times per week and paclitaxel 100 mg/m2 weekly i.v., which shows a side‐effect profile similar to taxotere and is used in the treatment of a variety of neoplasms such as advanced squamous cell carcinoma.Main outcome  This less aggressive treatment was tolerated well and the patient responded with minor remission and long‐term stable disease.
Pemphigus vulgaris induced by radiotherapy
Authors: Orion E , Matz H , Wolf R 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACTPemphigus can be triggered or induced by many insults, such as drugs, infections, viruses and neoplasms. X‐ray‐induced pemphigus has been recorded only rarely in the literature. We describe the case of a woman with pemphigus vulgaris in remission, who relapsed 1 week after completion of an irradiation course for breast cancer, in the exact location of the radiation. We review the previous 15 cases from the literature and outline the common features of those cases.
Immune response in demodicosis
Authors: Akilov OE , Mumcuoglu KY 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACTBackground  Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis are obligatory parasites in the hair follicles and in the pilosebaceous glands. Although most people are infested with these mites, only a small number develop the clinical symptoms of demodicosis. The objective of this study was to determine the distinguishing features of the immune response to the infestation of the skin by Demodex mites.Methods  Twenty‐nine patients with human demodicosis and 13 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy subjects participated in the study. The presence of mites was determined by microscopic inspection of secretion from sebum glands. The immune response was evaluated in the peripheral blood by identifying membrane markers of different immune cells using monoclonal antibodies, while the concentration of immunoglobulin (Ig)A, IgM and IgG was calculated by simple radial immunodiffusion using anti‐IgA, anti‐IgM and anti‐IgG. The level of circulating immune complexes and total haemolytic complement, as well as the preparatory and digestive function of neutrophils, and the functional activity of leucocytes were also studied.Results  The absolute number of CD95+ was higher in patients with demodicosis. The absolute number of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD16+ cells, the ratio CD3+/CD20+ and the functional activity of leucocytes were significantly lower in individuals infested with Demodex mites. No significant differences were found in the percentage and absolute number of CD20+ cells, the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T‐cell subpopulations, circulating immune complexes, level of serum complement activity (CH50), activity and index of phagocytosis and the levels of IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies between individuals infested with Demodex mites and the control group.Conclusion  The readiness of lymphocytes to undergo apoptosis increases in parallel to the increasing density of the mites. This could be the result of local immunosuppression caused by the mites, which allows them to survive in the host skin.
The sources of political orientations in post‐industrial society: social class and education revisited
Authors: Werfhorst Herman G. Van de , Graaf Nan Dirk de 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThis paper studies the impact of social class and education on political orientation. We distinguish the ‘old’ middle class from a new class of social/cultural specialists. However, the difference in their political orientation may especially be related to the level and field of education; the new middle class is more highly educated and often in fields of study that extensively address social competencies, characteristics independently affecting political outcomes. Analyses on Dutch data showed that education is more important in the prediction of ‘cultural’ liberal issues than social class. Economically‐oriented issues are more strongly affected by social class. This means that interests of the new middle class are served by liberal standpoints relating to a strong government and income redistribution policies, but not relating to cultural issues.
Actinic cheilitis: clinical and pathologic characteristics in 65 cases
Authors: Markopoulos A , Albanidou‐Farmaki E , Kayavis I 
Published: June 2004

Objective:  The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical and histopathologic presentation of actinic cheilitis.Study design:  A retrospective study on 65 patients attending an Oral Medicine clinic in Greece over a 10 year period. For each case the demographic, clinical and histopathologic information were evaluated.Results:  The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 53.1 ± 11.4 years. Thirty‐nine patients (60%) used tobacco in any form. An outdoor occupation was indicated for 43 (66.2%) patients. The location of the lesions of actinic cheilitis was in all cases on the lower lip. Actinic cheilitis appeared in three forms; white non‐ulcerated lesions (29%), erosions or ulcers of the lip (48%), mixed white and erosive (23%). The histopathologic characteristics included increased thickness of keratin layer, alterations of the thickness of spinous cell layer, epithelial dysplasia, connective tissue changes, perivascular inflammation and basophilic changes of connective tissue. In 11 cases (16.9%) the presence of squamous cell carcinoma was observed.Conclusions:  This case‐series highlights varied clinical presentation of actinic cheilitis among whom a high proportion developed squamous cell carcinoma.
Fungicidal effect of three new synthetic cationic peptides against Candida albicans
Authors: Nikawa H , Fukushima H , Makihira S , Hamada T , Samaranayake LP 
Published: June 2004

Objective:  Peptide antibiotics are considered a new class of antifungal agents. Of these, an α‐helical, cationic peptide termed Dhvar 4, a relative of salivary histatin has been shown to be an antifungal of relatively high potency. Similarly, lactoferricin B (LFB) and a derivative thereof, LFB(17–30), disrupts the fungal cell membrane and acts against Candida albicans. As Dhvar 4 and LFB(17–30), exhibit almost identical amino acid sequences at their C‐terminal, we hypothesized that laboratory synthesis of peptides with an α‐helical structure and having similar amphipathic properties could lead to products with candidacidal activity. Hence, three such peptides – JH8194, JH8195 and JH 8944, were synthesized and their antifungal properties compared with recognized antifungals LFB, LFB(17–30), human lactoferricin (LFH), Histatin‐5 and Dhvar 4, against two isolates of C. albicans.Materials and methods:  The antifungal agents were synthesized and their secondary structures evaluated according to a previously described protocol of Situ and Bobek (2000)Antimicrob Agents Chemother44: 1485–1493. The C. albicans strains were oral isolates from a human immunodeficiency virus‐infected (isolate A2) and a healthy (A6) individual. A standard concentration of yeasts was exposed to a range of dilutions of the agents for a specific duration and the cell death (viability) in terms of the resultant colony forming units  ml−1 was quantified.Results:  Dhvar 4, showed the most α‐helical propensity, and was the least fungicidal while LFB and LFB(17–30) showed the highest antifungal potential, and demonstrated total kill of A6, and A2 at 5 and 10 μM concentrations, respectively whilst LFH killed both isolates at a l0 μM concentration. Of the three new synthetic peptides, JH 8194 was the most potent (total kill of A6/A2 strains at 1.25/2.5 μM), followed by JH 8195 (total kill of A6/A2 strains at 5/10 μM while JH 8944 was the least potent as a 25 μM concentration was required to kill either strain of Candida. On further analyses of the relationship between pI value of the peptides and their anticandicidal activity, a significant positive correlation was noted. In order to rule out a cytotoxic effect of the new synthetic peptides we compared the fungicidal and hemolytic activities under similar incubation conditions using freshly isolated erythrocytes and all three peptides exhibited no detectable hemolysis upto an concentration of 100 μM in contrast to the polyene antifungal amphotericin B that elicited significant initiation of hemolysis at a concentration of 5.0 μM.Conclusion:  Our data suggest that laboratory synthesis of agents with an α‐helical structure and having amphipathic properties similar to known, natural antifungal agents may be a promising avenue to generate products with improved antifungal activity.
Effect of bone marrow transplantation on the immunolocalization of p53, hMSH2, and hMLH1 proteins on oral mucosa
Authors: Gomez RS , Pimenta FJGS , Guimarães ALS , Souza LN , Salomão UE , De Almeida HC , Vaz RR 
Published: June 2004

Objective:  Considering that hMSH2, hMLH1 and p53 are important in maintaining genomic stability of the oral mucosa epithelium, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the immunolocalization of these proteins in the epithelium of the oral mucosa of patients submitted to bone marrow transplantation (BMT) compared with controls.Materials and methods:  Twenty‐one samples of lip biopsies from BMT recipients were retrieved. Twenty samples of normal lower labial mucosa associated with mucocele in non‐transplanted patients were included as control group. The streptavidin–biotin complex stain was used to detect the human DNA mismatch repair proteins hMSH2, hMLH1 and p53 protein.Results:  The main findings demonstrated that the mean number of suprabasal epithelial cells positive for MSH2 was statistically higher than the control group. The immunostaining of hMLH1 and p53 at the basal and suprabasal epithelial layers were statistically higher in the oral labial mucosa of the BMT patients compared with controls.Conclusion:  The present study shows that oral epithelial cells of BMT patients show increased immunolocalization of the DNA repair related proteins.
Metal Binding by the D,DX
35
E Motif of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Integrase: Selective Rescue of Cys Substitutions by Mn
2+
In Vitro
Authors: Gao Kui , Wong Steven , Bushman Frederic 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACT

The D,DX
35
E motif characteristic of retroviral integrase enzymes (INs) is expected to bind the required metal cofactors (Mg
2+
or Mn
2+
), but direct evidence for a catalytic role has been lacking. Here we used a metal rescue strategy to investigate metal binding. We established conditions for analysis of an activity of IN, disintegration, in both Mg
2+
and Mn
2+
, and tested IN mutants with cysteine substitutions in each acidic residue of the D,DX
35
E motif. Mn
2+
but not Mg
2+
can bind tightly to Cys, so if metal binding at the acidic residues is mechanistically important, it is expected that the Cys-substituted enzymes would be active in the presence of Mn
2+
only. Of the three acidic residues, a strong metal rescue effect was obtained for D116C, a weaker rescue was seen for D64C, and no rescue was seen with E152C. Modest rescue could also be detected for D116C in normal integration in vitro. Comparison to Ser and Ala substitutions at D116 established that the rescue was selective for Cys. Further studies of the response to pH suggest that the metal cofactor may stabilize the deprotonated nucleophile active in catalysis, and studies of the response to NaCl titrations disclose an additional role for the metal cofactor in stabilizing the IN-DNA complex.
Tax Relieves Transcriptional Repression by Promoting Histone Deacetylase 1 Release from the Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat
Authors: Lu Hanxin , Pise-Masison Cynthia A. , Linton Rebecca , Park Hyeon Ung , Schiltz R. Louis , Sartorelli Vittorio , Brady John N. 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACT

Expression of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is regulated by the viral transcriptional activator Tax. Tax activates viral transcription through interaction with the cellular transcription factor CREB and the coactivators CBP/p300. In this study, we have analyzed the role of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) on HTLV-1 gene expression from an integrated template. First we show that trichostatin A, an HDAC inhibitor, enhances Tax expression in HTLV-1-transformed cells. Second, using a cell line containing a single-copy HTLV-1 long terminal repeat, we demonstrate that overexpression of HDAC1 represses Tax transactivation. Furthermore, a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay allowed us to analyze the interaction of transcription factors, coactivators, and HDACs with the basal and activated HTLV-1 promoter. We demonstrate that HDAC1 is associated with the inactive, but not the Tax-transactivated, HTLV-1 promoter. In vitro and in vivo glutathione
S
-transferase-Tax pull-down and coimmunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that there is a direct physical association between Tax and HDAC1. Importantly, biotinylated chromatin pull-down assays demonstrated that Tax inhibits and/or dissociates the binding of HDAC1 to the HTLV-1 promoter. Our results provide evidence that Tax interacts directly with HDAC1 and regulates binding of the repressor to the HTLV-1 promoter.
Geminate Structures of
African Cassava Mosaic Virus
Authors: Böttcher Bettina , Unseld Sigrid , Ceulemans Hugo , Russell Robert B. , Jeske Holger 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACT

Two types of geminate structures were purified from
African cassava mosaic geminivirus
(ACMV)-infected
Nicotiana benthamiana
plants and analyzed by electron cryomicroscopy and image reconstruction. After cesium sulfate density gradient centrifugation, they were separated into lighter top (T) and heavier bottom (B) components. T particles comigrated with host proteins, whereas B particles were concentrated in a cesium density typical for complete virions. Both particles were composed of two incomplete icosahedra of 11 capsomers each, but T particles were slightly larger (diameter, 22.5 nm) and less dense in the interior than B particles (diameter, 21.5 nm). T particles were frequently associated with small globules of ∼14 nm diameter of unknown origin. The overall structure of ACMV, a begomovirus transmitted by whiteflies, was similar to that of
Maize streak virus
(MSV), a mastrevirus transmitted by leafhoppers, although the vertices of the icosahedra were less pronounced. Models of ACMV coat proteins based on
Satellite tobacco necrosis virus
support the exposure of parts of the molecule essential for transmission specificity by whiteflies and provide possible structural explanations for the smaller protrusion of the ACMV capsid relative to MSV. The differences of ACMV and MSV virion shapes are discussed with reference to their different animal vectors.