bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СТАНУ САМООСВІТНЬОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАРМАЦЕВТІВ
Authors: Барджадзе Руслана 
Published: December 2023

Пропонована стаття присвячена проблемі організації самоосвітньої діяльності майбутніх фармацевтів. Авторка подає результати проведеного експерименту щодо визначення рівнів її організації, використовуючи опитування. Респондентами стали студенти трьох українських закладів вищої освіти медичного спрямування та їхні викладачі. Метою статті є вивчення і порівняння отриманих даних для об’єктивного оцінювання наявних рівнів організації самоосвітньої діяльності студентів в закладах освіти та визначення шляхів покращення поточного стану.
Авторка визначила наявні рівні організації самоосвітньої діяльності такі як: початковий, середній, достатній, високий. Розподіл за рівнями здійснювався на підставі опитування, для чого був розроблений авторський опитувальник, який має низку тверджень щодо організації самоосвітньої діяльності за такими критеріями: мотиваційним, когнітивним, діяльнісним і суб’єктно-рефлексивним. Респонденти присвоювали визначену кількість балів кожному твердженню, після чого було проведено підрахунок. Він уможливив детальний розгляд актуального стану організації самоосвітньої діяльності респондентів.
Отримані дані засвідчують, що, студенти найкраще вмотивовані до самоосвітньої діяльності, переважно знають про методи її організації, обізнані в способах самоорганізації, самоконтролю,. Проте, їх застосовування здобувачами освіти викликають труднощі. Щодо самоконтролю, самоорганізації, аналізування власного досвіду самоосвітньої діяльності, коригування та планування своїх дій , то як студенти, так і викладачі відмічають нижчий рівень їх розвитку. Тому за діяльнісним і суб’єктно-рефлексивним критеріями показники є нижчими. Це дає підстави викладачам застосовувати відповідні педагогічні умови, які уможливлюють більш ефективну організацію самоосвітньої діяльності майбутніх фахівців.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR STUDYING THE TRANSIENT STARTING PROCESSES OF AN INDUCTION MOTOR WITH AN INDUCTION RHEOSTAT IN THE PHASE ROTOR CIRCUIT
Authors: Oleksii Kachura , Sergey Kolychev , Oleksandr Syanov 
Published: December 2023

The task of improving the reliability of lifting and handling equipment in today's economic environment remains a pressing one. Crane mechanisms, drawing mills, and rope machines are an incomplete list of equipment used at enterprises in various industries, and, as a rule, they are outdated. Particular attention should be paid to crane lifting and handling mechanisms that operate under shock loads, high vibration, and are exposed to aggressive environmental influences.
Unfavorable operating conditions of the equipment lead to frequent repairs and systematic downtime. In this regard, a number of requirements are imposed on crane mechanisms: high fault tolerance, ease of maintenance, and reasonable price. These requirements are partially met by electric drives (ED), which are equipped with asynchronous motors with a phase rotor and additional resistances in the rotor circuit. As the latter, complete resistance cells with additional contact equipment are often used.
Many years of experience in the operation of such installations shows that the use of such ED on crane mechanisms leads to a number of negative consequences: 1) reduction of the reliability of the ED due to the use of power switching equipment; 2) the need to periodically involve repair personnel to maintain contact equipment; 3) increase in the weight and dimensions of the ED.
In the current situation, improving the reliability of crane equipment is an urgent task that can be solved by using induction rheostats in the phase rotor circuit of the IM. This approach eliminates the contact equipment in the rotor and avoids the use of a stepwise switching system for starting resistances, and, due to the nonlinear electromagnetic parameters of the IR, ensures a smooth start of the IMP with a given current. The resulting power losses in the rotor circuit are carried out beyond the IM volume. In this case, the mechanical characteristic of the IMP acquires the desired excavator type.
ROBOTIC TECHNOLOGICAL CELLULTRASONIC FLAW DETECTION
Authors: Mykola Anishchenko , Dmytro Zybenkov 
Published: December 2023

Ultrasonic flaw detection is the most versatile non-destructive testing method for detecting defects in various materials. The aim of this work is to develop a robotic technological cell for ultrasonic flaw detection of welded products. To achieve this goal, we selected the necessary equipment, developed an algorithm for the control system, and wrote control and data collection programs. In addition to identifying the product defect, the PC-based control system also ensures safety during the diagnostic process.
The technical support of the cell consists of an ultrasonic flaw detector "EPOCH 650" with a rectangular pulse generator and a digital receiver, an industrial robot Mitsubishi Electric MELFA RV-FR series, a work table for the required part orientation, inductive sensors for identifying the installation of the part, light barriers to ensure safe operation of the cell and a control system.
The cell control system is implemented in the form of a chalkboard and includes a central processing device for cell control, a robot control processor for implementing the robot's trajectory and communication with the robot controller, a module for communication with peripheral equipment, and a data logging module for registration, recording and sharing of events in the control system, a digital input module for receiving digital signals of 0 or 24 V DC from contact type sensors, manual control buttons, status signals from alarm systems, positioning drives, etc.
The cell software ensures the implementation of control algorithms and consists of a control program to control the robot's movements, an executive program to ensure the control system's analysis of signals from the flaw detector, a security system, and user interaction via the system interface, The interface system receives data from the PLC and is responsible for graphically displaying information about the control system.
The paper presents the results of experimental research and simulation, which confirm the efficiency and effectiveness of the developed algorithms and control programs. By determining the optimal values of the speeds of movement and rotation of the robot links during their simultaneous movement, the speed and productivity of the cell are increased.
SIMULATION AND RESEARCH OF SINGLE-PHASE SHORT CIRCUITS IN THE ELECTRICAL NETWORK
Authors: Аnatoly Voloshko , Tetiana Dzheria 
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this work is to model single-phase short circuits in a three-phase electrical network and identify their type by analyzing the angular frequency of the spatial vector. Recently, the saturation of electric networks with powerful non-linear loads, the introduction of conversion equipment and renewable energy sources lead to the need for systematic analysis and research of the quality of electric energy (QEE). One of the factors that significantly affect the operation of electrical equipment is short circuits. In the article, based on the developed model of the formation of QEE distortions, a single-phase short circuit in a three-phase electrical network is investigated by switching it to a single-phase system with two α-β projections and a zero-sequence voltage vector.
Studies of the influence of the location of the short-circuit point on the voltage in the electrical network have shown that the difference in the distance from the point of damage to the load, type of short-circuit leads to varying degrees of voltage change. Conducted studies have shown that different types of malfunctions and parameters of the electrical network at the point of short circuit cause different disturbances in the electrical voltage in the power supply system. The presence of a short circuit of the same type at different locations leads to different voltage drops and overvoltages. Short-term changes in voltage are the most common distortions of the quality of electrical voltage in electrical networks. The simulation results based on the developed model are consistent with the theory and reliably simulate the change in voltage in the electrical network.
In the future, the presented model can help in creating a basis for the identification and subsequent control measures of voltage change violations.
SIMULATION MODEL OF AN ADARTIVE DIGITAL FILTER BASED ON THE LEAST SQUARES METHOD
Authors: Serhii Marchenko , Oleksandr Sotnyk , Oleksandr Syanov , Volodymyr Lytvynenko 
Published: December 2023

In accordance with contemporary requirements in the fields of mobile and embedded telecommunications and electronics, there is a growing need for faster, smaller, and energy-efficient digital electronic devices (DEDs). These devices include microcontrollers, digital signal processors, and programmable logic integrated circuits (FPGAs).
Utilizing DEDs involves the hardware execution of advanced digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms tailored to the specific architecture of the electronic device. To expedite the design process when directly implementing DSP algorithms in hardware, simulation models are generated to facilitate optimizing the design during the creation of the programming component for FPGAs.
The paper discusses the outcomes of an investigation into an adaptive filter (AF) model that relies on the recursive least squares method (RLS). During the simulation, an analysis of the time and frequency parameters of the AF model was conducted. It was determined that the quality of the filtering process reaches a plateau at the 28th order, and further increasing the AF order does not lead to a significant improvement in signal filtering. Instead, it results in an increased demand for hardware resources. Furthermore, during the verification of the proposed simulation model, an AF-based noise reduction system was simulated. The total harmonic distortion (THD) level for the built-in AF unit was found to be 1.05 % that serves as confirmation of the effectiveness of the developed AF unit.
Therefore, through this investigation, the most suitable order for the AF has been identified. This choice will enable a more effective utilization of FPGA resources when implementing the AF in hardware. The study results validate the accuracy and effectiveness of the hardware-centric simulation model developed, while also demonstrating the hardware-oriented architecture of the adaptive RLS filter for its forthcoming implementation on FPGA.
THE INFLUENCE OF DEVELOPED HEAT EXCHANGE SURFACES ON THE GEOMETRIC DIMENSIONS OF HEAT EXCHANGERS
Authors: Roman Klimov , Olha Kriukovska , Danil Lusta 
Published: December 2023

The design of heaters is affected by many factors, and the importance of each of them can vary greatly. Intensification of heat exchange is always of great importance for all industries and technologies. The design of heat exchange equipment is subject to high requirements related to the reduction of weight, volume, etc. The optimal design of the developed surface is determined by the values of the heat transfer coefficients from the hot coolant to the tube wall and from the wall to the cold coolant.
One of the main characteristics of heat exchangers is the volume occupied by them. Most often, there are restrictions on the occupied volume of the device, or on its different geometric dimensions, which is caused by the layout of the equipment or consumer objects. One of the main criteria for heat exchanger optimization is the ratio of heat transfer to the power used to overcome the resistance of the heat carrier. The disadvantage of this criterion is that the fluid resistance is minimized by increasing the cross-section of the coolant channel, which leads to an increase in the volume of the heat exchanger, which in turn cannot be significantly increased.
The purpose of the work is to determine the influence of the finning ratio, the bearing diameter of the finning of the tube and the length of one finned tube as the main factors on the geometric volume of the heat exchanger.
The paper determines the influence of the pipe finning coefficient, the bearing diameter of the fins and the length of one tube on the total geometric volume of the heat exchanger. The bearing diameter of the pipe has the greatest influence on the total volume of the heat exchanger. The effect of the fin ratio is secondary to the volume of the heat exchanger, and such a factor as the length of one tube has the least effect on the desired function. It is possible to achieve a reduction in the total volume of the device by reducing the length of one tube across the flow of the coolant, the fin ratio and the supporting diameter of the tube. Using the developed methodology, it is possible to design a heat exchanger with the required geometric volume.
APPLICATION OF FLUCTUATING ASYMMETRY METHODS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING IN KAMIANSKE
Authors: Natalia Neposhyvailenko , Yurii Hrytsan , Yuliia Petryk , Oleksandr Huba 
Published: December 2023

The city of Kamianske has a hazardous environmental situation due to the long and intensive development of industry, whose enterprises emit large amounts of harmful substances into the atmosphere. Therefore, the implementation of continuous environmental monitoring for the city is an urgent task that can be solved by combining instrumental measurement methods with phytoindication methods. The aim of the study is to test the methods of phytoindication in the environmental monitoring system using the indicator of fluctuating asymmetry of the leaf blade of woody plants of the Populus canadensis species and to assess the quality of the environment, taking into account the functional zones of the urban system. A methodology for assessing the quality of the environment by the integral index of the fluctuating asymmetry of the leaf blade of Populus plants has been developed and an assessment scale with different gradient values has been proposed. The integral indicator of the fluctuating asymmetry of the leaf blades of Populus canadensi plants was calculated for 30 experimental plots covering all functional zones of Kamianske. It was determined that the quality of the environment within the industrial zones is characterised as critically polluted with unfavourable conditions for living organisms, which is confirmed by the integral index of fluctuating asymmetry 0,076¸0,104. Settlement areas are characterised as polluted, with an integral index of 0,063¸0,093. In recreational areas, the state of the environment is assessed by a conditional norm of 0,054¸0,066. The results of the average integral index of leaf asymmetry of Populus canadensi plants for a ten-year period for the city of Kamianske were compared, and the lower (0,038±0,002) and upper (0,106±0,003) limits of the index were determined. The dependence of the integral indicator on the volume of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere has been established, which is confirmed by high correlation coefficients r = 0,8¸0,9 at a significance level of p < 0,05. The modelled polynomial trends predict further growth of the integral indicator of fluctuating asymmetry depending on the increase in pollutant emissions.
RESEARCH AND EVALUATION OF THE METHOD OF ACTIVATION OF THE GAS FLOW FOR ALLOYING WITH GASEOUS NITROGEN"
Authors: Tetiana Golub , Lavr Molchanov , Sergiy Semykin 
Published: December 2023

Increasing the strength of steels and improving their operational qualities is one of the main tasks contributing to solving the issue of reliability, durability of parts and structures. Alloying, including nitrogen, occupies a special place among the large number of ways to improve the properties of steels.
Nitrogen, as an alloying element, has been known for a long time, and its sufficiently high content in the atmosphere makes nitrogen even more attractive to technologists. However, it has limited solubility in iron alloys, especially with a high content of other components.
There are various methods of gas activation, but in order to ensure relatively low energy costs and having positive experience of works on electric high-voltage activation of oxygen, it was proposed an option of activation by creating an electric brush discharge.
The research was carried out on a physical bench that simulates the section of the lance at the outlet for the supply of activated gas when using different types of closed-type discharge devices. The devices differed by the arrangement of one of the electrodes: with a submerged non-insulated electrode and a protruding almost completely insulated electrode. The effect of purge gas pressure and arc length (distance between electrodes) on the efficiency of the nitrogen-containing gas flow ionization process (using air as an example) was analyzed. It was established that when using a discharge device with a submerged electrode, the current strength that forms the activated gas has a quadratic function on the distance between the electrodes with a maximum at a distance of about 15 mm and a purge gas pressure of 0.25—0.3 MPa. With a further increase in pressure, the visible discharge disappears and the current decreases.
When using a discharge device with a protruding electrode, much higher indicators of the strength of the ionized current were obtained while maintaining a visual discharge even at high pressures of the purging gas (0.6MPa). At the same time, the current strength increases with an increased discharge distance — with the highest values at low blow-by pressures. That is, the version of the discharge device with a protruding electrode is more promising from the point of view of activation of the nitrogen-containing gas stream.
PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF OUT-OF-FURNACE CAST IRON REFINING TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DOMESTIC METALLURGICAL PRODUCTION
Authors: Lavr Molchanov , Volodymyr Kislyakov , Kostyantin Chubin , Artem Pohvalityi , Olena Chubina 
Published: December 2023

In today's environment, domestic steelmaking enterprises, and especially steelmaking within them, are experiencing a significant negative impact from the shortage of high-quality raw materials and the lack of stability of incoming charge materials. At the same time, in order to overcome these problems, technical solutions are used in the world practice for out-of-furnace treatment of charge materials, including liquid iron. Thus, an urgent issue of domestic metallurgical science is to determine the effectiveness of the most common methods of out-of-furnace pig iron treatment in relation to the current realities of domestic steelmaking.
A general classification of technical solutions for out-of-furnace pig iron refining has been made and a comparative analysis of the efficiency of the technologies under consideration has been performed. Engineering calculations were performed using mathematical models of material and heat balances of converter smelting, adapted for 250-ton oxygen converters, using a top tuyere of classical design. The influence of the considered technical solutions for out-of-furnace iron treatment on such basic technological indicators of BOF melting as specific consumption of liquid iron, specific consumption of lime, and yield of usable iron was analyzed. The comparison was carried out in relation to the indicators of basic melting without the use of out-of-furnace melt treatment technologies. The expediency of using out-of-furnace refining methods based on the injection of globular magnesium and mixtures of the CaO-Mg system was confirmed. As for the complex refining technologies, it was determined that it is advisable to develop a technology for domestic conditions that provides for the removal of sulfur and phosphorus from the melt without significantly reducing the concentration of silicon in the melt.
RESEARCH OF THERMAL INFLUENCE ON THE CHANGE OF THE SURFACE LAYER OF DIAMONDS AND ASSOCIATED TOOL MATERIALS (REVIEW)
Authors: Valerii Lavrinenko , Volodymyr Solod , Halina Ilnytska , Volodymyr Smokvyna , Ivan Kashynskiy 
Published: December 2023

Attention is drawn to the fact that the issues of effective processing of such fragile, difficult-to-process materials as mono- and polycrystalline diamonds are currently being discussed in the literature, including CVD diamond films, sapphire, etc. For the most part, such processing is faced with the issues of thermal impact on the surface of the tool material, taking into account the defects of the diamonds that undergo processing, directed impact on the surface of such diamonds, heat and modification of the surface of diamonds and accompanying tool materials.
In this review, attention is focused on the newest modern developments, namely 2023, in the features of thermal effects on carbon materials, diamond, and steel. Studies are shown in the direction of directed changes in the surface of diamonds: obtaining the surface of OH-diamonds and H-diamonds, doping diamond, and changing the contact of the diamond surface with Fe and W. Special attention is paid to the application of various protective coatings on the surface of diamonds and related tool materials (steels, ceramics and hard alloys). At the same time, the greatest attention is paid to metal and nitride coatings, that is, this direction has recently become important and relevant.
Various models of doped diamond, places of adsorption of O atoms on its various surfaces, and the subsequent process of the reaction of the O2 molecule with the C atom are considered. The results show that the multi-alloy diamond model has the highest activation energy, which reflects the best properties of oxidation resistance. Research shows that diamond with a rough surface has a larger surface area and higher electronegativity than normal diamond, which improves the adhesion between the Ni-based bond and the diamond with a rough surface.