bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a questionnaire for measuring team cohesion: the Erlangen Team Cohesion at Work Scale (ETC)
Authors: Lieb Marietta , Erim Yesim , Morawa Eva 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Team cohesion is a crucial factor when it comes to job satisfaction and turnovers. However, in Germany, economic measures for team cohesion are scarce. The aim of this study was to develop and validate an economic self-report questionnaire for measuring team cohesion in a work setting in health care.

Methods
The questionnaire was developed in a stepwise procedure. After item analysis, exploratory factor analysis was conducted to assess factor structure. Reliability was tested via internal consistency. To assess convergent and divergent validity, we applied the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), the Perceived Cohesion Scale (PCS), the ENRICHD Social Support Inventory (ESSI), the Effort-Reward Imbalance Scale (ERI) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4), respectively.

Results
The pilot version was tested in a sample of n = 126 adult nurses. Item analysis resulted in a total of 13 items for the final version. Exploratory factor analysis indicated a two-factor structure. Internal consistency for the two subscales was good, with α = 0.88 and α = 0.84, respectively. Convergent validity with the subscales of COPSOQ and PCS was moderate to high (r =.26– r =.64). For divergent validity, correlations with the ESSI were low (r =.01– r = -.09). We further found significant correlations with depression symptoms (r=-.22– r=-.37), as well as reward (ERI) (r =.41 -r =.47) and effort (ERI) (r=-.20 - r = -.24).

Conclusions
We developed and validated the Erlangen Team Cohesion at Work Scale (ETC), a self-report measure for team cohesion with very good psychometric properties. Due to its economic deployment, it is suitable for measuring team cohesion in work settings, especially in health care.
Shifting domesticities: recent social housing practices and policies in Spain
Authors: Martín Blas Sergio , Martín Domínguez Guiomar , D’Oria Mariacristina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInstances of crisis have always marked pivotal moments in housing design, acting as catalysts for re-evaluating models and practices and bringing forth systemic changes already latent in the discipline. Such revelation of hidden latencies is a characteristic phenomenon of today's housing panorama, influenced by factors such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic, the imperative shift toward ecological sustainability, and a growing discourse prompting the reconsideration of the human body at both individual and social levels. This article delves into such a system of adjustments within the contextualised case of Spanish social housing. It does so by focusing on two complementary sources. Firstly, recent shifts in housing policies, encompassing new regulations, programs, legal frameworks, and urban strategies; and secondly, a selection of projects emerging from competitions and new developments that either anticipate or result from these policy changes, introducing innovative design devices working on the following fronts: (1) the presence of nature and open space, interpreted as a fundamental element for social comfort related with broader ecological concerns, (2) a heterogeneous and complex articulation of in-between collective spaces, responding to emerging trends around the concept of sharing, and (3) the reconceptualization of the traditional core of interior private space, namely the kitchen, which in turn raises important questions on gender equality and care. Analysing the ever-evolving interplay between policies and practices, theories and projects, will reveal that the multifaceted crises of recent decades have played a pivotal role in shaping a redefined understanding of domestic spaces. Most significantly, this reinterpretation goes beyond addressing environmental sustainability and energy efficiency, placing a great emphasis on social innovation within and beyond the home, inside and outside the building.
Would ChatGPT-facilitated programming mode impact college students’ programming behaviors, performances, and perceptions? An empirical study
Authors: Sun Dan , Boudouaia Azzeddine , Zhu Chengcong , Li Yan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChatGPT, an AI-based chatbot with automatic code generation abilities, has shown its promise in improving the quality of programming education by providing learners with opportunities to better understand the principles of programming. However, limited empirical studies have explored the impact of ChatGPT on learners’ programming processes. This study employed a quasi-experimental design to explore the possible impact of ChatGPT-facilitated programming mode on college students’ programming behaviors, performances, and perceptions. 82 college students were randomly divided into two classes. One class employed ChatGPT-facilitated programming (CFP) practice and the other class utilized self-directed programming (SDP) mode. Mixed methods were utilized to collect multidimensional data. Data analysis uncovered some intriguing results. Firstly, students in the CFP mode had more frequent behaviors of debugging and receiving error messages, as well as pasting console messages on the website and reading feedback. At the same time, students in the CFP mode had more frequent behaviors of copying and pasting codes from ChatGPT and debugging, as well as pasting codes to ChatGPT and reading feedback from ChatGPT. Secondly, CFP practice would improve college students’ programming performance, while the results indicated that there was no statistically significant difference between the students in CFP mode and the SDP mode. Thirdly, student interviews revealed three highly concerned themes from students' user experience about ChatGPT: the services offered by ChatGPT, the stages of ChatGPT usage, and experience with ChatGPT. Finally, college students’ perceptions toward ChatGPT significantly changed after CFP practice, including its perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and intention to use. Based on these findings, the study proposes implications for future instructional design and the development of AI-powered tools like ChatGPT.
Flipover outperforms dropout in deep learning
Authors: Liang Yuxuan , Niu Chuang , Yan Pingkun , Wang Ge 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFlipover, an enhanced dropout technique, is introduced to improve the robustness of artificial neural networks. In contrast to dropout, which involves randomly removing certain neurons and their connections, flipover randomly selects neurons and reverts their outputs using a negative multiplier during training. This approach offers stronger regularization than conventional dropout, refining model performance by (1) mitigating overfitting, matching or even exceeding the efficacy of dropout; (2) amplifying robustness to noise; and (3) enhancing resilience against adversarial attacks. Extensive experiments across various neural networks affirm the effectiveness of flipover in deep learning.
Brachytherapy in Breast Cancer Treatment: Physical and Biological Aspects
Authors: Maj-Dziedzic Monika , Brzozowska Anna , Sikora Marcelina , Zarzycka Marta , Plewniok Ines , Dubiel Jeremiasz , Maj Adrian , Śmietana Greta , Warno Martyna , Kozik Wiktor 
Published: February 2024

This scientific paper focuses on the treatment of breast cancer, one of the most common cancers among women. Despite increased awareness and the popularity of screening tests, statistics indicate a significant rise in incidence. The paper presents breast-conserving treatment methods, including brachytherapy, as a modern technique with promising outcomes. It describes the physical properties of ionizing radiation used in brachytherapy, discussing the photoelectric effect, Compton effect, and the phenomenon of pair production.
The paper then delves into the biological effects of ionizing radiation, emphasizing the dependence on the cell cycle phase. It highlights lethal, sublethal, and potentially lethal cellular damage, categorizing the effects of radiation interaction into early and late responses.
The discussion transitions to the application of brachytherapy in breast cancer treatment, focusing on various techniques such as LDR, PDR, and HDR. The paper provides a detailed description of brachytherapy's use in breast-conserving treatment, considering contraindications, treatment planning, and Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation (APBI) techniques.
The radioisotopes used in brachytherapy are also presented, with special attention to Iridium-192. The physical and practical aspects related to this isotope are discussed, along with other commonly used radioisotopes such as Cesium-137, Cobalt-60, and Strontium-90.
The paper concludes with a summary, emphasizing the significance of brachytherapy in breast cancer treatment and outlining its prospects for development. The authors highlight precision and shortened therapy duration.
Connecting the Dots: Heart Failure and Insomnia
Authors: Kapica Marcin , Momot Karol , Żmijewska Aleksandra , Sztybór Mateus , Krzyżanowska Maria , Maleszewska Monika , Piątkiewicz Julia , Nowak Gabriela , Wojtas Mikołaj , Głogowska Karen 
Published: February 2024

Introduction and aim. This study investigates the relationship between heart failure (HF) and insomnia, focusing on this two-way association’s clinical significance, epidemiology, and management.
Material and methods. Literature available in November 2023 was searched using Pubmed, Medline, Google Scholar, and Europe PMC with keywords associated with Heart Failure, Insomnia, and related pharmaceuticals. 69 articles were included.
Analysis of the literature. Insomnia is associated with higher mortality and a potential risk of sudden cardiac death, particularly in individuals with HF. Treatment is challenging and side effects can worsen the symptoms of HF. The use of benzodiazepines in HF patients raises concerns about cardiovascular risks, prompting the exploration of other medications like nonbenzodiazepines, antidepressants with sedative effects, and histamine receptor antagonists. On the other hand, HF is also a condition that affects sleep quality. Drugs including ACE-I, beta-blockers, MRA, and SGLT2i are essential for its treatment. Some of them may have an impact on the intensity of insomnia.
Conclusion. Considering the impact of insomnia medications on heart failure outcomes and vice versa is necessary. It is important to consider all aspects when treating these two conditions simultaneously.
Advancing and Expecting Inclusive Research
Authors: Forber-Pratt Anjali J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This conceptual methods article parallels remarks given at the 2022 American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities conference highlighting the importance of including the voices of people with intellectual disability in research processes. The purpose of this article was to put forth a call to action to disability researchers to advance, expect, and model inclusive research practices and consider this action as a form of scholarly activism and allyship toward the intellectual and developmental disabilities community. This conceptual article is organized to engage existing inclusive research literature and offers a method of inclusive research team design with practical suggestions for consideration. Finally, implications for research policy are also presented.
Multifunctional metamaterial device based on VO2 and the equivalent diode
Authors: Wang Zelong , Wang Xin , Wang Junlin , Sun Shengjie , Pang Huizhong , Shi Kaixuan , Pei Xingyu 
Published: February 2024

This paper proposes a switchable multifunctional metamaterial device operating in the terahertz (THz) band. The device is loaded with an equivalent diode and utilizes vanadium dioxide (VO2). The middle layer of the whole device, a metal layer, divides the device into the I side and the II side. When the diode is ON, the I side can achieve dual-band absorption at 1.975 and 4.345 THz. When the diode is OFF, the I side can achieve single-band absorption at 4.28 THz. In the case of VO2 being insulating, the II side can achieve linear-to-linear (LTL) polarization conversion at 2.342–4.18 THz. In the case of VO2 being conductive, the II side can realize linear-to-circular (LTC) polarization conversion at 2.105–3.283 THz. The device provides a new strategy for the subsequent combination of multiple functions. The device can be used in electromagnetic stealth, intelligent applications, radiometers, and sensors and has relatively large application potential in miniaturized multifunctional metamaterials and THz band research.
Focal length switchable metalens based on vanadium dioxide
Authors: Niu Junhao , Tian Renfang , Mo Wei , Li Chunhui , Yao Qianyu , Zhu Aijun 
Published: February 2024

A metalens is a flat lens that can control the phase of light so that dispersed light can be reconcentrated. This study devised a tunable metalens with a switchable focal length based on the phase transition properties of vanadium dioxide (VO2). The unit structure comprises three layers from bottom to top: gold, polyimide, and two square resonant rings. The metalens can not only transform incident x-polarized waves into y-polarized waves but also achieve beam focusing simultaneously. The designed metalens achieves polarization conversion efficiency at an operating frequency of 0.8 THz. In the insulating state of VO2, the beam focal point is at L=1914µm; in the metallic state, the wave converges at L=982µm, closely aligning with the predetermined focal length. By controlling external temperature, focal point switching can be achieved, making it highly versatile in practical applications.
Low-loss and compact, dual-mode, 3-dB power splitter combining a directional coupler, a multimode interferometer, and a Y-junction
Authors: Long Jing , Jia Haitao , Zhang Jialiang , Chen Changshui 
Published: February 2024

Multimode power splitters are the fundamental building blocks in mode division
multiplexing systems. In this paper, we propose a low-loss and
compact, dual-mode, 3-dB power splitter for the two lowest TE modes
combining three different structures, including a directional coupler,
a multimode interferometer, and a Y-junction. The coupling length of
the proposed device is only 7.2 µm. For both TE0 and TE1 modes, the numerical simulation shows
that the insertion loss is only less than 0.1 dB and crosstalk
is less than −20dB at the wavelength range of
1520–1580 nm. The working bandwidth can cover the entire
C-band. It offers a potential solution for a 3-dB power splitter of
the two lowest TE modes.
Ultrafast random polarization beam smoothing driven by counter-rotating wavefronts via the optical Kerr effect
Authors: Xiong Hao , Zhong Zheqiang , Zhang Bin 
Published: February 2024

We propose an ultrafast random polarization smoothing scheme to achieve ultrafast speckle movement and polarization randomization of the focal spot. In the scheme, each beamlet in a laser quad is driven by a rotating petal-like wavefront, giving rise to the ultrafast redistribution of the speckles within the focal spot. The rotating wavefront is induced by an optical Kerr medium pumped by a laser beam with rotating intensity distribution that is generated by the superposition of two Laguerre–Gaussian beams carrying conjugate vortex phase and frequency shift. In addition, by properly selecting the topological charges of the pump beams and polarization states of the beamlets, the beamlets in a quad can be divided into two sets with counter-rotating wavefronts and orthogonal polarizations, which further randomizes the polarization of the focal spot. Results indicate that the proposed scheme can reduce the contrast by more than 70% and the degree of polarization by more than 75% within several picoseconds, by utilizing the rotating phase pumped by two Laguerre-Gaussian beams with a peak intensity of 0.18GW/cm2 and a frequency shift of 1 THz. The ultrafast random polarization smoothing scheme is expected to suppress the growth of Laser Plasma Instabilities (LPIs) including the filamentation and backscatter in indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF) facilities.
Determinants of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in young people: Maternal, neonatal, and adolescent factors
Authors: Nairz Johannes , Messner Alex , Kiechl Sophia J. , Winder Bernhard , Hochmayr Christoph , Egger Alexander E. , Griesmacher Andrea , Geiger Ralf , Griesmaier Elke , Pechlaner Raimund , Knoflach Michael , Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Ursula ,   the Early Vascular Ageing in the YOUth (EVA4YOU) Study Group
Published: February 2024

Aim
To assess the impact of maternal, neonatal, and adolescent factors on the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a cohort of 14- to 19-year-old adolescents.

Methods
This study is part of the Early Vascular Ageing in the YOUth study, a single-center cross-sectional study conducted in western Austria. Maternal and neonatal factors were extracted from the mother-child booklet, adolescent factors were evaluated by a face-to-face interview, physical examination, and fasting blood analyses. Liver fat content was assessed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) using signals acquired by FibroScan® (Echosense, Paris, France). The association of maternal, neonatal, and adolescent factors with CAP values was analyzed using linear regression models.

Results
In total, 595 adolescents (27.2% male) aged 17.0 ± 1.3 years were included. 4.9% (n = 29) showed manifest NAFLD with CAP values above the 90th percentile. Male sex (p < 0.001), adolescent triglyceride levels (p = 0.021), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance index and BMI z-score (p < 0.001, each) showed a significant association with liver fat content in the multivariable analysis. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with CAP values after adjustment for sex, age, and birth weight for gestational age (p < 0.001), but this association was predominantly mediated by adolescent BMI (indirect effect b = 1.18, 95% CI [0.69, 1.77]).

Conclusion
Components of the metabolic syndrome were the most important predictors of adolescent liver fat content. Therefore, prevention of NAFLD should focus on lifestyle modification in childhood and adolescence.
Ordenamiento urbano y desigualdad social
Authors: Imbert Iván 
Published: February 2024

Desde mediados de la década del 90 en Argentina hubo un emergente de prácticas laborales de carácter informal ligadas a las condiciones de carencia material de gran parte de la población producidas, entre múltiples variables globales propias del modelo de producción, por las políticas económicas nacionales de ese período. Bajo un contexto de precariedad crítica, entre la necesidad y la inventiva, emergieron una serie de tácticas de obtención de recursos materiales que implican, por un lado, el desplazamiento hacia áreas de centralidad urbana y, por otro, la ocupación del espacio público para su desarrollo.
Al mismo tiempo, se observa un proceso de fragmentación social y urbana de las ciudades latinoamericanas que tienden hacia la fronterización contribuyendo a consolidar las desigualdades al afectar la libre circulación y ocupación del espacio de los habitantes de zonas de la periferia. El debilitamiento o desaparición de lazos agudiza la situación de carencia provocando nuevos ciclos de relegamiento mediante la encapsulación de las condiciones materiales de vida.
La aparición de estos oficios en la ciudad de Santa Fe ha despertado diversos debates en la opinión pública, en los medios de comunicación, así como en el ámbito de la decisión política. Utilizando la producción de datos obtenida mediante aproximaciones de tipo etnográficas que incluyen conversaciones, entrevistas y presencias durante sus jornadas laborales, proponemos realizar un paneo sobre las posiciones estatales sobre las prácticas de cartoneros, carreros, cirujas, cuidacoches y limpiavidrios, contemplando cómo afecta a su desarrollo y evaluando cómo ha sido el impacto en la desigualdad.
Río adentro
Authors: Da Representaçao Natalia 
Published: February 2024

El artículo propone una mirada sobre el territorio isleño en dos configuraciones territoriales del Bajo Delta del Paraná a partir del registro de los indicios del paisaje y los modos de habitación presentes en las narrativas de sus residentes. La investigación que está en la base se orienta a responder las siguientes preguntas: ¿qué circuitos vinculan las islas y sus habitantes? ¿Y con el territorio-continente? ¿Qué reglas organizan el paisaje isleño? ¿Cuándo y cómo se pone en juego “lo común”? ¿Qué experiencias de la articulación público-privado se gestan? ¿Cómo es la actuación del Estado en el territorio insular?
Se trata de una investigación de corte cualitativo basada en entrevistas semiestructuradas, historias de vida y análisis de fuentes visuales, especialmente provenientes de álbumes fotográficos personales. En primera instancia, introducimos la discusión conceptual sobre los bordes y las nuevas fronteras entre lo urbano, lo rural y lo natural en la reflexión reciente sobre los denominados territorios de agua. Pondremos en foco el problema de la constitución de los espacios comunes y sus transformaciones en el tiempo a partir de los relatos biográficos.
Luego presentamos algunas características de los dos casos de estudio elegidos, sus procesos de poblamiento y una selección de intervenciones públicas que contribuyeron a su configuración actual. A continuación, proponemos tres lecturas en torno a la forja de estos territorios de agua. Una acerca del origen, otra que enfoca el proceso más reciente de ocupación de la isla donde la lógica del mercado aparece como “depredadora” del espacio isleño auténtico con el telón de fondo de un Estado ausente. Finalmente, echando mano a fuentes visuales, hablamos del paisaje afectivo, registro que da cuenta de las transformaciones del paisaje y de los espacios comunes desde la perspectiva de la memoria de los isleños.
Lactate administration induces skeletal muscle synthesis by influencing Akt/mTOR and MuRF1 in non‐trained mice but not in trained mice
Authors: Kyun Sunghwan , Kim Jisu , Hwang Deunsol , Jang Inkwon , Park Hun‐Young , Lim Kiwon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe perception regarding lactate has changed over the past decades, and some of its physiological roles have gradually been revealed. However, the effects of exogenous lactate on skeletal muscle synthesis remain unclear. This study aimed to confirm the effects of a 5‐week lactate administration and post‐exercise lactate administration on skeletal muscle synthesis. Thirty‐two Institute of Cancer Research mice were randomly assigned to non‐trained + placebo, non‐trained + lactate, trained + placebo, and trained + lactate groups. Furthermore, 3 g/kg of lactate or an equivalent volume of saline was immediately administered after exercise training (maximum oxygen uptake: 70%). Lactate administration and/or exercise training was performed 5 days/week for 5 weeks. After the experimental period, it was observed that lactate administration tended to elevate skeletal muscle weight, increased protein kinase B (p < 0.05) and mammalian target of rapamycin (p < 0.05) mRNA levels, and decreased muscle ring‐finger protein‐1 expression (p < 0.05). Lactate administration after exercise training significantly enhanced plantaris muscle weight; however, it had no additional effects on most signaling factors. This study demonstrated that a 5‐week lactate administration could stimulate skeletal muscle synthesis, and lactate administration after exercise training may provide additional effects, such as increasing skeletal muscle.