bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of biosynthesised nano zinc on blood biochemical profile, antioxidant status and immune response in Vanaraja chicken
Authors: Kumar M. Ravi , Roy Barun , Kannan A. , Shanmugam M. , Venkateswarlu R. , Kannaki R. , Kumar M. Muthu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Biosynthesized nano zinc as replacement for traditional zinc salt in feed using Vanaraja chicken was evaluated for the response in terms of blood biochemical profile, antioxidant status and immune response. Day-old chicks (n = 324), of a slow growing Vanaraja breed, were randomly assigned to one of the six dietary treatments, each consisting of 54 birds with 9 replicates. The groups were offered basal diet without any supplemental zinc (negative control), basal diet supplemented with 60 mg Zn/kg diet from zinc oxide and the remaining four groups were fed with biosynthesised nano zinc at 15, 30, 45 and 60 mg Zinc per kg diet. The trial lasted for 56 days. The results indicated that, causes significant (P < 0.05) improvement in humoral immunity as compared to control group. Nano zinc at 30 mg/kg diet is sufficient to replace conventional zinc at 60 mg/kg diet. Absence of any significant changes in the serum enzyme profile and biochemical parameters indicated that nano zinc is safe to feed. From the current study, it may be concluded that the conventional zinc oxide can be replaced with nanoparticle forms at a reduced level without any adverse effect on health assessed through serum biochemical profile. In order to recommend the level of dose reduction, more studies with different breeds, indifferent agro-climatic zones during different seasons are recommended.
Relationship Between Leadership Behaviour and Firm Performance in the Rmg Industry of Bangladesh
Authors: Tareque Mohammad Alam , Islam Prof. Nazrul 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the complex relationship between leadership behaviour and firm performance in Bangladesh's Ready-made Garment (RMG) sector. It specifically examines the mediating role of competitive advantage and the moderating effects of emotional intelligence and firm strategy. The research employs a rigorous quantitative approach, incorporating a mixed-method strategy with qualitative and quantitative phases. Data were collected from 400 RMG managers through physical questionnaires and analysed using SPSS, PLS4, and R. The empirical data analysed using PLS structural equation modelling revealed that leadership behaviour is an intangible resource within firms. Relation Behaviour emerged as the most significant behaviour in influencing firm performance. The study confirms the pivotal role of leadership behaviour in enhancing firm performance through competitive advantage. This research is distinguished by its novel perspective on examining specific leadership behaviours in the RMG sector, a departure from broader categorisations in previous studies. While the study provides valuable insights, it is limited to the context of Bangladesh's RMG sector, which may affect the generalisability of its findings. Additionally, the reliance on self-reported data may introduce biases. This study offers practical guidance for RMG firms in Bangladesh to enhance their performance by focusing on specific leadership behaviours, particularly relation-oriented approaches. It underscores the importance of emotional intelligence and firm strategy as moderating factors. It points out that competitive advantage must align with a firm's strategy to mediate between leadership behaviour and firm performance.
Nutrition-associated markers and outcomes among patients receiving enteral nutrition after ischemic stroke: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: wang rui , Cao le , He Yueyue , Zhang Ping , Feng Ling 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives: Early nutrition after acute ischemic stroke is crucial. We explored early enteral nutrition for stroke patients and evaluated changes in blood indicators as a predictor of stroke prognosis.
Methods: All hospitalized stroke patients receiving enteral nutrition were included in the study. We retrospectively collected the protein, energy, fat, and carbohydrate values for 7 days after admission. Serum albumin, total protein, and hemoglobin values were reviewed at admission and at one week. The main outcome indicators were the Modified Rankin Score, Barthel Index, and Quality of Life at 3 months.
Results: A total of 354 patients (mean age, 70.7 years; 59.0% male) were included. The change in serum albumin at day 7 relative to at admission was positively correlated with the Quality of Life score (p=0.001), the Barthel Index (p=0.004), and the modified Rankin Score (p=0.029). The change in total protein at day 7 relative to at admission was positively correlated with the Quality of Life score (p=0.002), the Barthel Index (p=0.001), and the modified Rankin score (p=0.011). The change in hemoglobin values at day 7 relative to at admission was positively correlated with the Barthel Index (p=0.037 but not with the Quality of Life score (p=0.237) or the modified Rankin score (p=0.730).
Conclusions: Improved nutrition-related blood indicators one week after admission were independently associated with good stroke outcomes. Nutritional support for acute ischemic stroke patients during the early hospitalization stage appears to be advisable.
Congenital malignant melanoma: An Integrated Clinicopathological Clinical Case Series
Authors: Xu Kailun , Guan Wenbin , Wang Lifeng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Congenital malignant melanoma (CMM) is present at birth or in the first year of life. It arises through transplacental, de novo, or is associated with congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN). CMM is rare, and its relevant data is limited. Here, we describe 14 cases of congenital malignant melanoma and retrospectively analyze the clinicopathological and molecular features of this entity.
Methods
Clinical data of patients were retrieved, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) and molecular analyses were performed. Besides, a systematic review of articles was conducted using PubMed, and these screened cases were analyzed in EndNote.
Results
Our series comprised six CMN-associated melanoma, six de novo CMM, and two transplacental metastatic melanoma. Histologically, the epithelioid cell was the most common feature in 54% of cases. Spindle and atypical cells were observed in 15% and 23%, respectively. NRAS mutations were detected in 75% of cases, and one patient showed abbreviations in four-probe analyses. Patients ranged in age from in-utero to 12 months, with an average age of 3.5. Males were predominant with a male to female ratio of 2.5:1. Scalp was the most affected location (n = 7), with the most common symptoms being mass. After a median overall survival of 18.5 (ranging from 0.7 to 312) months, four patients died of tumor progression. The mortality of de novo and CMN-associated melanoma was 33% and 17%, respectively, while that of transplacental melanoma was 50%.
Conclusions
Congenital malignant melanoma is a rare subtype of pediatric melanoma associated with poor prognosis. The disease has a high incidence of scalp involvement and male predominance. The epithelioid cell is more common than the spindle and atypical cells. Molecular tests are crucial for the diagnosis of CMM. Due to the rarity, more cases and research are needed to understand the epidemiological features and molecular biology of CMM.
Computer Vision Quickly Identifies Radio Signals with Unlimited Accuracy
Authors: Kleder Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A seminal component of systems thinking is the application of an advanced technology in one domain to solve a challenging problem in a different domain. This article introduces a method of using advanced computer vision to solve the challenging signal processing problem of specific emitter identification. A one-dimensional signal is sampled; those samples are transformed into to two-dimensional images by computing a bispectrum; those images are evaluated using advanced computer vision; and the results are statistically combined until any user-selected level of classification accuracy is obtained. In testing on a published DARPA challenge dataset, for every eight additional signal samples taken from a candidate signal (out of many thousands), classification error decreases by an entire order of magnitude.
Child undernutrition and its association with household environmental conditions in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Md. Mostaured Ali , Billah Md Arif , Fatima Kaniz , Islam M Mofizul , Sarker Bidhan Krishna , Khanam Shimlin Jahan , Banke-Thomas Aduragbemi , Khan Md Nuruzzaman 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Child undernutrition, a persistent global concern, is particularly prevalent in Bangladesh. Little is known about the relationship between household environmental conditions (HEC) and child nutrition. This study aimed to explore how HEC is associated with undernutrition among under-5 children in Bangladesh, with a specific focus on rural-urban differences.
Methods
We analysed 8,653 under-5 children’s data from the 2017/18 Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey. The outcome variables were various forms of undernutrition, namely stunting, wasting and underweight, as well as their combinations. The exposure variables were HEC indicators, including housing materials, household air pollution (HAP) from the use of solid fuel, water sources, drinking water treatment to ensure safe water, sanitation facilities, and combinations of these exposures. We used a hierarchical Poisson regression model to explore the association between outcomes and exposures adjusted for potential confounders.
Results
The prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight among under-5 children in Bangladesh was 31%, 8% and 22%, respectively, with notable variations across geographical divisions and urban-rural areas. Under-5 children who lived in houses constructed with unimproved materials (natural or rudimentary) (aRR: 1.17), had high exposure to HAP (aRR: 1.37), used unimproved drinking water sources (aRR: 1.28), or had poor handwashing facilities (aRR: 1.24) had a greater likelihood of stunting compared to their counterparts living in households with better conditions. Similar associations were observed for underweight as well. The lower the cumulative score of HEC (indicating poor conditions), the higher the likelihood of children with stunting and underweight. A significant urban-rural difference in the magnitude of the association was also observed.
Conclusion
The prevalence of stunting and underweight was relatively high among under-5 children in Bangladesh, with notable urban-rural differences. Significant negative associations were observed between HEC indicators and these nutritional measures. Public health interventions are needed to reduce children’s exposure to polluted indoor air, ensure access to clean water and promote proper handwashing facilities, particularly in rural settings.
Analyzing the Legal Implications of the Open Proportional System in Indonesian Legislative Elections: A Focus on Political Liberalization and Corruption
Authors: Hannan Abd 
Published: November 2023

The study focuses on discussing the problem of legal implementing an open proportional election system in legislative elections in Indonesia, its role and influence on the emergence of political anomalies within the parliament, in this case political liberalization and corruption. The study question is about the dynamics of implementing an open proportional system in the context of elections and how the legislative elections are correlated with the practice of political liberalization and corruption in Indonesia. This study is qualitative research conducted using a library approach. As a result, elections with an open proportional system contain several weaknesses and deficiencies that have the potential to give rise to corrupt practices within the board, both at the regional central level. The potential for the emergence of corrupt practices in open proportional system elections is caused by two things; First, open proportional electoral systems tend to be liberal and capitalist. Competition for leadership tends to focus on pragmatic areas that are centered on money and power relations, no longer in productive areas such as ideas, thoughts, ideas. Second, because of these liberalization and capitalization practices, political costs and expenses soared beyond rational and reasonable limits. In the end, uncontrolled political costs become a financial burden later that they must pay off and return.Studi fokus membahas problem implikasi hukum sistem proporsional terbuka dalam pemilu legislatif di Indonesia, peran dan pengaruhnya terhadap munculnya anomali politik di kalangan dewan, dalam hal ini adalah liberalisasi politik dan korupsi. Pertanyaan kajian adalah dinamika penerapan sistem proporsional terbuka dalam konteks Pemilu serta bagaimana korelasi dalam pemilu legislatif dengan praktik liberalisasi politik dan korupsi di Indonesia. Studi ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan kepustakaan. Hasilnya, gelaran pemilu dengan sistem proporsional terbuka memuat sejumlah kelemahan dan kekurangan yang berpotensi besar menimbulkan praktik korupsi di kalangan dewan, baik di tingkat pusat daerah. Potensi munculnya praktik korupsi dalam pemilu sistem proporsional terbuka disebabkan oleh dua hal; pertama, sistem pemilu proporsional terbuka cenderung liberal dan kapitalis. Kompetisi kepemimpinan cenderung berkutat di wilayah-wilayah prgamatis yang berpusat pada uang dan relasi kekuasaan, bukan lagi ada di wilayah-wilayah produktif semisal ide, pemikiran, gagasan. Kedua, akibat dari praktik liberalisasi dan kapitalisasi tersebut, ongkos dan biaya politik melambung tinggi melebihi batas rasional dan kewajaran. Pada akhirnya, biaya politik tidak terkontrol menjadi beban finansial di kemudian hari yang harus mereka lunasi dan kembalikan.
The integrity management toolbox in action: a study of 22 urban water service cases
Authors: Avello Pilar , Allakulov Umrbek , Barreto-Dillon Leonellha , Das Binayak , Hermann-Friede Janek , Hubendick Lotten , Feuerstein Lotte , Jiménez Fdez de Palencia Alejandro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Water integrity refers to the ethical, professional, and transparent use of power and resources to ensure the sustainable and equitable provision of water services. The Integrity Management (IM) Toolbox is a tool that has been adopted to initiate IM reforms within water utilities. This paper reviews the application of the IM Toolbox application in 22 urban utilities across 7 countries from 2013 to 2018, focusing on integrity risks, selected tools, and the success and challenges faced by these utilities. Common integrity risks were identified in Operations and Consumer Relations, and corresponding tools were employed in Human Resources and Consumer Relations. Within 1 year, over two-thirds of the utilities implemented 70% or more of their action plans, indicating positive progress. However, obstacles such as staff rotation and reliance on internal champions provide obstacles to continued implementation. Despite challenges, certain utilities demonstrated notable medium-term improvements. To further advance water integrity, integrating the IM Toolbox with other utility-level efficiency processes is recommended. Additionally, supporting sectoral regulatory measures can contribute to overall integrity enhancement. By effectively addressing integrity risks and adopting comprehensive approaches, water utilities can enhance their ability to provide safe and sustainable water services, while promoting transparency and equity.
A comprehensive review on the sequestration of dyes from aqueous media using maize-/corn-based adsorbents
Authors: Iwuozor Kingsley O. , Umeh Chisom T. , Emmanuel Stephen Sunday , Emenike Ebuka Chizitere , Egbemhenghe Abel U. , Ore Odunayo T. , Micheal Taiwo Temitayo , Omoarukhe Fredrick O. , Sagboye Patience A. , Ojukwu Victor E. , Adeniyi Adewale George 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCorn or maize (Zea mays L.) is the most significant grain crop worldwide after wheat and rice. It is widely cultivated and consumed as food, feed, and industrial raw material, along with the emission of a large quantity of corn waste. Such abundant, renewable, and cheap wastes with unique chemical compositions can be efficiently converted into adsorbents for the elimination of dye-contaminated water. This article represents an extensive review of the use of corn/maize waste-derived adsorbents for the sequestration of dyes from aqueous media. This study addressed the utilization of corn residues, including cob, stalk, straw, husk, and silk, as precursors for adsorbents. The adsorption behaviour, mechanism, and regeneration of the studied corn adsorbent/dye systems were identified. It was observed that the most common forms of corn/maize-derived adsorbents that have been utilized for the sequestration of dyes include biosorbents, biochars, activated carbons, and composites. The highest adsorption capacity (1,682.7 mg/g) for dye (methylene blue) sequestration was obtained using a corn husk composite-based adsorbent. Important findings and future ideas are finally mentioned for the corn/maize-based materials and their application as adsorbents for dye removal.
QSAR Studies of Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors
Authors: Tsopka Ioanna-Chrysoula , Hadjipavlou-Litina Dimitra 
Published: November 2023

Background::
Nitric oxide is a free radical bioregulator controlling homeostasis, vasodilation,
and inhibition of platelet aggregation, significantly implicated in the nervous and immune
system functionality. In vivo it is produced by nitric oxide synthases (NOSs).

Objective::
Overproduction of nitric oxide is linked to several inflammatory, immunological, and
neurodegenerative diseases and for that, various compounds have been synthesized as inhibitors
of NOSs. In this review, the QSAR analyses were summarized in a variety of compounds as potent
inhibitors of NOSs, and the models derived through 1D, 2D and 3D QSAR analyses.

Conclusion::
Ten groups of various NOS inhibitors and 17 1D, 2D, and 3D QSAR models and
analyses were presented and discussed. A lack of hydrophobic terms was noticed in most of the
cases. Chemical substituents were selected considering the increase either of the hydrophilicity
and/or of hydrophobicity, bulkiness supported steric interactions, and point to potent inhibitors.
CMR (Calculated Molar Refractivity) a steric variable, with a negative sign, underlines the critical
effects participating on (in) an active site on the enzymes. Indicator variables imply the influence
of specific structural moieties. Electronic parameters were found to be significant.
Adaptive Autonomic and Neuroplastic Control in Diabetic Neuropathy:
A Narrative Review
Authors: Marsili Francesca , Potgieter Paul , Birkill Corlius Fourie 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a worldwide socioeconomic burden,
and is accompanied by a variety of metabolic disorders, as well as nerve dysfunction referred
to as diabetic neuropathy (DN). Despite a tremendous body of research, the pathogenesis
of DN remains largely elusive. Currently, two schools of thought exist regarding the pathogenesis
of diabetic neuropathy: a) mitochondrial-induced toxicity, and b) microvascular damage.
Both mechanisms signify DN as an intractable disease and, as a consequence, therapeutic approaches
treat symptoms with limited efficacy and risk of side effects.

Objective:
Here, we propose that the human body exclusively employs mechanisms of adaptation
to protect itself during an adverse event. For this purpose, two control systems are defined,
namely the autonomic and the neural control systems. The autonomic control system responds
via inflammatory and immune responses, while the neural control system regulates neural signaling,
via plastic adaptation. Both systems are proposed to regulate a network of temporal and
causative connections which unravel the complex nature of diabetic complications.

Results:
A significant result of this approach infers that both systems make DN reversible, thus
opening the door to novel therapeutic applications.
Effectiveness of Probiotic Therapy in the Management of Periodontal
Disease in Diabetic Patients: A Scoping Review
Authors: de Brito Avelino Luanny , Rodrigues Katryne Targino , da Silva Cruz Natália Teixeira , Martins Agnes Andrade , de Aquino Martins Ana Rafaela Luz 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Probiotics can compete with periodontal pathogens in the formation of
dental biofilm, and they are able to modulate local and systemic immune responses. Thus, its use
in diabetic patients with periodontal disease (PD) can overcome the limitations of conventional
periodontal treatment.

Objective:
This scoping review aimed to understand the extent and type of evidence in relation to
the effects of probiotic therapy on periodontal and glycaemic parameters of diabetic patients with
PD.

Methods:
An electronic search was performed in the following databases: Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Virtual Health Library (including LILACS and BBO), PubMed (including Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The review included clinical trials on patients with type
2 diabetes, diagnosed with gingivitis or periodontitis, who received probiotic therapy as a single
therapy or adjuvant to scaling and root planning, and on whom the analyses of clinical periodontal,
immunological, microbiological, or glycaemic parameters were performed. Results: The electronic
search yielded a total of 1165 articles. After removing duplicate titles and performing systematic
screening, 6 studies were included in the qualitative summary. Probiotic administration improved
clinical periodontal parameters (bleeding on probing and probing depth), oxidative stress markers,
and inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α) in relation to control groups. Experimental
groups were also more advantageous in reducing the frequency of periodontopathogenic bacteria.
However, the evidence of probiotics in decreasing glycated hemoglobin is still uncertain.

Conclusion:
Probiotics may provide safe additional benefits to periodontal parameters of patients
with type 2 diabetes and periodontal disease