bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation of the effect of e‐waste fillers on the mechanical properties of Kenaf woven fiber composites
Authors: Raj J. Immanuel Durai , Durairaj R. B. , Ananth S. Vijay , Barmavatu Praveen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractElectronic waste is one of the environmental issues that is worsening rapidly around the globe and is of particular concern to developing nations. A significant quantity of e‐waste is dumped in landfills without regard for the recycling process, which has a potentially adverse impact on the global ecosystem. In this work, waste printed circuit boards (WPCB) and cassette discs (CD) are grinded into powder form and used as fillers with lignocellulosic kenaf woven fabric blended with epoxy resin. Fabrication is carried out by hand lay‐up techniques assisted by vacuum bagging. Laminates are made with different proportions of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of e‐waste filler by weight percentage of kenaf fabric. Mechanical, water absorption, and surface roughness tests were carried out. The result shows that a 5% addition of waste printed circuit board filler and a 10% addition of waste cassette disc (WCD) filler gave better results. In comparison, waste printed circuit board filler laminates show higher strength than waste cassette disc filler laminates. Experimental results indicate that e‐waste filler can be reinforced with lignocellulosic biomass fiber composites and better used for domestic and industrial applications instead of being dumped into landfills, which causes environmental and health hazards.
Moving from supported to independent living: what are the barriers and facilitators for individuals with psychosis?
Authors: Poppe Anika , Tiles-Sar Natalia , Konings Stefan R. A. , Habtewold Tesfa Dejenie ,   GROUP Investigators, Alizadeh Behrooz Z. , van Amelsvoort Therese , Bartels-Velthuis Agna A. , Bruggeman Richard , Cahn Wiepke , de Haan Lieuwe , Schirmbeck Frederike , Simons Claudia J. P. , van Os Jim , Bruggeman Richard , Alizadeh Behrooz Z. , van der Meer Lisette 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Living independently, as opposed to in sheltered housing or with caregivers, is an important aim in the recovery of individuals with psychosis, but the transition to independence can be challenging. This study aims to investigate how individuals with psychosis move between living arrangements and to identify the barriers and facilitators of moving towards independence.

Methods
The living arrangements of 1119 individuals with non-affective psychosis from the Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis study were assessed at baseline, at three- and six-year follow-ups and further categorized as either supported (sheltered housing or with parents) or independent (single or with partner/family). We estimated the probabilities of transitioning between the living statuses and investigated the influence of demographic characteristics, symptomatology, cognition, social support, and premorbid social adjustment on transition using Markov chain modelling.

Results
The majority of individuals living in supported housing remained there during the six-year follow-up period (~ 60%). The likelihood of moving from supported to independent living was twice as high for participants who were younger, five-to-six times higher for women, twice as high for individuals with better overall cognition, and five times higher for those with a course of low positive symptoms.

Conclusion
This study highlights that a large group of individuals with psychosis in supported housing is unlikely to move to independent living. Older men with cognitive impairments and who show continuous severe positive symptoms are the least likely to move living independently. Tailored interventions for these at-risk individuals could increase their chances of moving to independent living.
An improved equation of latitude and a global system of graticule distance coordinates
Authors: Blewitt Geoffrey 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTwo innovations are presented for coordinate time-series computation. First, an improved solution is given to a century-old problem, that is the non-iterative computation of conventional geodetic (CG: latitude, longitude, height) coordinates from geocentric Cartesian (GC: x, y, z) coordinates. The accuracy is 1 nm for heights < 500 km and < 10−15 rad for latitude at any point, terrestrial or outer space. This can be 3 orders of magnitude more accurate than published non-iterative methods. Secondly, CG time series are transformed into a practical system of “graticule distance” (GD: easting, northing, height) curvilinear coordinates that, unlike the commonly used system of topocentric Cartesian (TC: east, north, up) coordinates, is global in nature without arbitrary specification of GC reference coordinates for every geodetic station. Since 2011, Nevada Geodetic Laboratory has publicly produced time series for 20,000 GPS stations in GD form that have been cited by hundreds of studies. The GD system facilitates direct comparison of positions for co-located stations. Users of GD time series are able: (1) to resolve different historical station names that have been assigned to the same physical benchmark and (2) to resolve different physical benchmarks that have been assigned the same name. This benefits historical reconstruction of benchmark occupation and local site tie analysis for reference frame integrity. GD coordinates have archival value, in that inversion back to GC coordinates is practically exact. For geodetic stations, GD time series closely emulate TC time series with rates agreeing to 0.01 mm/yr, and so can be used interchangeably.
Human milk oligosaccharides and the association with microbiota in colostrum: a pilot study
Authors: Sun Wen , Tao Lin , Qian Chen , Xue Peipei , Tong Xiankun , Yang Li , Lu Fang , Wan Hua , Tao Yingna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHMOs (Human milk oligosaccharide) has an impact on maternal and infant health. Colostrum samples of 70 breastfeeding women in China were collected and recorded clinical characteristics. The major oligosaccharides and microbiota were quantitated in colostrum. The concentration of fucosylated HMOs in primipara was higher than that of multipara (p = 0.030). The concentration of N-acetylated HMOs in vaginal delivery milk was less than that of cesarean (p = 0.038). Non-fucosylated HMOs of breastfeeding women were less than that of breast pump (p = 0.038). Meanwhile, the concentration of LNT was positively correlated with Lactobacillus (r = 0.250, p = 0.037). DS-LNT was negatively correlated with Staphylococcus (r = – 0.240, p = 0.045). There was a positive correlation of Streptococcus with LNFP II (r = 0.314, p = 0.011) and 3-SL (r = 0.322, p = 0.009). In addition, there was a negative correlation between 2'-FL and 3-FL (r = – 0.465, p = 0.001). There was a positive correlation between LNT and LNnT (r = 0.778, p = 0.001). Therefore, the concentration of HMOs is related to number of deliveries, delivery mode, lactation mode and perinatal antibiotic. The concentration of HMOs is related to Lactobacillus, Streptococcus and Streptococcus in colostrum. In addition, there are connections between different oligosaccharides in content. The study protocol was also registered in the ClinicalTrails.gov (ChiCTR2200064454) (Oct. 2022).
Long-term consumption of rooibos herbal tea affects hypothalamic neurotransmission and social behavior of adult Sprague–Dawley male rats
Authors: Pyrzanowska Justyna , Joniec-Maciejak Ilona , Wawer Adriana , Machaj Ewa , Blecharz-Klin Kamilla , Piechal Agnieszka , Widy-Tyszkiewicz Ewa , Mirowska-Guzel Dagmara 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAbundant in phenolic compounds, “fermented” rooibos herbal tea (FRHT) improves the cognitive performance and exploration of rats, as well as alters the content of monoamines and amino acids in some brain structures. Here, we aim to extend knowledge about the neurochemical and behavioral outcomes of long-term oral FRHT consumption by examining its impact on hypothalamus functions. FRHTs of different leaf-to-water ratios were given to adult male SD rats for 3 months. Their behavior was evaluated in social interaction test. The concentration of hypothalamic monoamines and amino acids was analyzed by HPLC-ECD whereas BDNF/TrkB by Elisa method. It was shown that sustained FRHT consumption did not affect aggression of the rats but was able to increase social deficits, expressed as diminished total time of contact and shorter active social interaction. Upon biochemical investigation, the changes were primarily linked to serotonergic, glutaminergic, and BDNF/TrkB pathway. Decreased 5-HT and TrkB content in the hypothalamus could be linked with social deficits and suggested positive effect on central energy balance, yet the main body mass of animals in the experiment remained unaffected. On the other hand, the reduced hypothalamic serotonin signaling anticipated the influence on hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and possible diminution of plasma corticosterone level with subsequent behavioral aftermath and lower obesity risk. Our research contributes toward better understanding of the mechanism of action of rooibos tea and its effects within the central nervous system.
Graphical abstract
Digitalisierung der histopathologischen Routinediagnostik
Authors: Iwuajoku Viola , Haas Anette , Ekici Kübra , Khan Mohammad Zaid , Stögbauer Fabian , Steiger Katja , Mogler Carolin , Schüffler Peter J. 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Digitalisierung des histopathologischen Eingangslabors ist ein wichtiger und entscheidender Schritt in der digitalen Transformation der Pathologie. Digitalisierung ermöglicht zahlreiche neue Optionen wie den Zugang zu großen Datensätzen für KI-gestützte Auswertungen, mobiles Arbeiten und Homeoffice für FachärztInnen sowie eine schnellere und vereinfachte Bereitstellung von Bildern und Daten für Forschungsarbeiten, Konferenzen und Tumorboards. Dennoch bedeutet die Umstellung zu einem vollständig digitalen Workflow auch erheblichen Aufwand im technischen und personellen Bereich und benötigt ein durchdachtes und flexibles Changemanagement, um Reibungsverluste gerade im personellen Bereich möglichst gering zu halten und wertvolles Potenzial talentierter, aber möglicherweise veränderungsscheuer Mitarbeiter nicht zu verlieren. Dieser Artikel fasst die Erfahrungswerte unseres Institutes im Hinblick auf technische und personelle Herausforderungen während der Transformation zur digitalen Pathologie zusammen und bietet einen umfassenden Überblick über potenziell problematische Schnittstellen bei der Umstellung des Routinebetriebes auf einen digitalen Workflow.
Congenital trans-sellar trans-sphenoidal encephalocele: a systematic review of diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis
Authors: Jiang Zheng , Yang Deming , Ainiwaer Mailudan , Li Qiong , Mo Wei , Liu Feng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Clinical presentations encompass respiratory, feeding issues, nasopharyngeal mass, meningitis, CSF leakage, craniofacial anomalies, and endocrine problems. Surgery is the primary treatment, transitioning from frontal craniotomy to endoscopic methods, offering improved outcomes. Yet, more studies are needed. A comprehensive review on trans-sellar trans-sphenoidal encephalocele (TSTSE) is missing. Our study aims to fill this gap, offering a comprehensive perspective for physicians.

Methods
This review adhered to the PRISMA guideline. Eligible studies focused on human subjects, specifically trans-sellar encephaloceles, and provided comprehensive treatment details. English language articles published up to April 11th, 2023, were considered. Two trained researchers conducted article screening using consistent criteria. Data extraction covered various aspects, including clinical presentation, surgical methods, and outcomes, with results presented descriptively in two tables. Due to the rarity of this congenital anomaly, meta-analysis and publication bias assessment were not feasible. Data extraction was independently conducted by two reviewers, with subsequent cross-verification.

Results
A total of 36 patients were identified from 14 studies, the most frequently observed clinical presentation was dyspnea (41.67%) and the most frequently observed accompanying anomaly was cleft lip/palate (55.56%). CT and MRI were adopted in nearly all the cases, and trans-nasal approach was the most often used surgical approach (57.14%) with the ‘soft material combination’ the most commonly used method for cranial base repairment (35.71%). A total of two deaths occurred and diabetes insipidus was the most common perioperative complication which occurred in six surgery patients (21.43%).

Conclusion
TSTSE predominantly affects males and presents with dyspnea, visual deficits, pituitary insufficiency, and cranial base-related symptoms. Early diagnosis is critical, with advanced imaging playing a key role. Endocrine assessment is vital for hormone management. Surgery offers symptom relief but entails risks, including reported fatalities and complications. The choice between surgery and conservative management requires careful deliberation. The trans-nasal approach is favored for its reduced trauma, yet further research is necessary to validate this preference.
Counting Arcs in $${\mathbb {F}}_q^2$$
Authors: Bhowmick Krishnendu , Roche-Newton Oliver 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn arc in $$\mathbb F_q^2$$

F
q
2

is a set $$P \subset \mathbb F_q^2$$

P
⊂

F
q
2

such that no three points of P are collinear. We use the method of hypergraph containers to prove several counting results for arcs. Let $${\mathcal {A}}(q)$$

A
(
q
)

denote the family of all arcs in $$\mathbb F_q^2$$

F
q
2

. Our main result is the bound $$\begin{aligned} |{\mathcal {A}}(q)| \le 2^{(1+o(1))q}. \end{aligned}$$

|
A

(
q
)

|

≤

2

(
1
+
o
(
1
)
)
q

.

This matches, up to the factor hidden in the o(1) notation, the trivial lower bound that comes from considering all subsets of an arc of size q. We also give upper bounds for the number of arcs of a fixed (large) size. Let $$k \ge q^{2/3}(\log q)^3$$

k
≥

q

2
/
3

(
log
q
)

3

, and let $${\mathcal {A}}(q,k)$$

A
(
q
,
k
)

denote the family of all arcs in $$\mathbb F_q^2$$

F
q
2

with cardinality k. We prove that $$\begin{aligned} |{\mathcal {A}}(q,k)| \le \left( {\begin{array}{c}(1+o(1))q\\ k\end{array}}\right) . \end{aligned}$$

|
A

(
q
,
k
)

|

≤

(
1
+
o
(
1
)
)
q

k

.

This result improves a bound of Roche-Newton and Warren [12]. A nearly matching lower bound $$\begin{aligned} |{\mathcal {A}}(q,k)| \ge \left( {\begin{array}{c}q\\ k\end{array}}\right) \end{aligned}$$

|
A

(
q
,
k
)

|

≥

q

k

follows by considering all subsets of size k of an arc of size q.
Associations between violent crime inside and outside, air temperature, urban heat island magnitude and urban green space
Authors: Stevens Heather R. , Graham Petra L. , Beggs Paul J. , Ossola Alessandro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThere are more incidents of violence in summer and on hot days, a trend likely to be exacerbated by climate change. Urban areas experience additional temperature modulation due to the urban form, however, to date, no studies have considered the effect of the urban heat island (UHI) or green space with respect to the temperature–violence relationship. This study modelled the relationship between the number of daily violent crime incidents that occurred inside or outside between July 2013 and June 2018, and the average surface UHI or percentage greencover (including grasses, shrubs and trees) within each local government area in Greater Sydney, Australia. Panelised negative binomial time series regression models indicated that the violent crime rate was associated with higher surface UHI for crimes committed outside (p = 0.006) but not inside (p = 0.072). Greater percentage of all vegetation was associated with significantly lower rates of violent crime committed outside (p = 0.011) but was not associated with violent crimes committed inside (p = 0.430). More socio-economic disadvantage was associated with higher rates of violent crime committed inside (p = 0.002) but not outside (p = 0.145). Greater temperature was non-linearly associated with higher rates of violent crime committed both inside and outside (p < 0.001). The findings of this study are important because both violence and heat exposure are critical health issues and will be stressed by urbanisation and climate change. The expansion of green space and/or reduction in UHI may mitigate these effects.
Pathways to change: The transformative potential of human rights and sustainable development in and through education
Authors: Carney Sarah , Carty Catherine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe international human rights framework and United Nations’ Agenda 2030 with its Sustainable Development Goals are two closely linked frameworks. Agenda 2030 has galvanized much interest and action within the education sector around Education for Sustainable Development. The human rights framework, with its calls for Human Rights Education, provides a legal imperative for embedding these pedagogies in education. This article argues that for the education sector, unifying actions and embracing the two pedagogies of Education for Sustainable Development and Human Rights Education can form a foundation for a new social contract for education. For these frameworks to meet their potential in education, they must be embedded at both curricular and institutional levels. We will need robust and committed governance at national and institutional levels for these approaches to achieve their transformational potential.
DeepPyramid+: medical image segmentation using Pyramid View Fusion and Deformable Pyramid Reception
Authors: Ghamsarian Negin , Wolf Sebastian , Zinkernagel Martin , Schoeffmann Klaus , Sznitman Raphael 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Semantic segmentation plays a pivotal role in many applications related to medical image and video analysis. However, designing a neural network architecture for medical image and surgical video segmentation is challenging due to the diverse features of relevant classes, including heterogeneity, deformability, transparency, blunt boundaries, and various distortions. We propose a network architecture, DeepPyramid+, which addresses diverse challenges encountered in medical image and surgical video segmentation.

Methods
The proposed DeepPyramid+ incorporates two major modules, namely “Pyramid View Fusion” (PVF) and “Deformable Pyramid Reception” (DPR), to address the outlined challenges. PVF replicates a deduction process within the neural network, aligning with the human visual system, thereby enhancing the representation of relative information at each pixel position. Complementarily, DPR introduces shape- and scale-adaptive feature extraction techniques using dilated deformable convolutions, enhancing accuracy and robustness in handling heterogeneous classes and deformable shapes.

Results
Extensive experiments conducted on diverse datasets, including endometriosis videos, MRI images, OCT scans, and cataract and laparoscopy videos, demonstrate the effectiveness of DeepPyramid+ in handling various challenges such as shape and scale variation, reflection, and blur degradation. DeepPyramid+ demonstrates significant improvements in segmentation performance, achieving up to a 3.65% increase in Dice coefficient for intra-domain segmentation and up to a 17% increase in Dice coefficient for cross-domain segmentation.

Conclusions
DeepPyramid+ consistently outperforms state-of-the-art networks across diverse modalities considering different backbone networks, showcasing its versatility. Accordingly, DeepPyramid+ emerges as a robust and effective solution, successfully overcoming the intricate challenges associated with relevant content segmentation in medical images and surgical videos. Its consistent performance and adaptability indicate its potential to enhance precision in computerized medical image and surgical video analysis applications.
Verfallende Infrastruktur bei Rekordeinnahmen: Eine Institutionssoziologie bundesdeutscher Haushaltspolitik
Authors: Wansleben Leon 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungIn den 2010er-Jahren betrieb die deutsche Regierung eine strukturkonservative Haushaltspolitik, was eine schwache staatliche Investitionstätigkeit trotz günstiger fiskalischer Bedingungen zur Folge hatte. Wie lässt sich das erklären? Die Literatur zum deutschen Haushaltsregime hat jüngst vor allem die Tradition des Ordoliberalismus sowie das konservative deutsche Wohlfahrtsmodell angeführt, um dieses BRD-typische Muster der Ausgabenpolitik zu hintergründen. Der Beitrag bietet stattdessen eine institutionssoziologische Erklärung, die das für die Haushaltspolitik grundlegende Beziehungsmuster zwischen Parlament, Regierung und Verwaltung fokussiert. Qua Ressortprinzip sind die relativ eigenständigen Minister mitsamt ihren Spitzenbeamten die zentralen Protagonisten der bundesdeutschen Haushaltsverhandlungen, in denen sich Partei- und Ressortpolitik überlagern. Der Finanzminister verfügt in der tradierten Rollenstruktur der deutschen Kabinettsordnung über eine besondere Machtstellung, was ihm die Profilierung als „Sparsamkeitsminister“ nahelegt. Umgekehrt verfügen die Repräsentanten der Koalitionsparteien und des Bundestages wie auch die Verwaltungsspitzen der anderen Ministerien über ein je spezifisches Profil an Machtmitteln. Diese Konstellationen bringen inkrementalistische Interaktionen in der Exekutive hervor, die je nach Umständen in der Erstreitung marginaler Ausgabenspielräume oder der Kürzung freiwilliger Ausgaben resultieren. Diese Verhandlungslogiken laufen einer umfassenderen Investitionsplanung zuwider. Die Rolle des Bundestags beschränkt sich trotz seiner formalen haushaltspolitischen Souveränität darauf, die Unterstützung oder Missbilligung von Ministern zu kommunizieren. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass das institutionelle Macht- und Rollenprofil der Ministerien, das in den Haushaltsverhandlungen zur Geltung kommt und in dem das BMF traditionell als mächtiger Vetospieler agiert, die Kontinuität des haushaltspolitischen Strukturkonservatismus über Machtwechsel hinweg garantiert.
Gastric Submucosal Fat Accumulation Is Associated with Insulin Resistance in Patients with Obesity
Authors: Lu Tao , Kan Jianxun , He Xue , Zou Jialai , Sheng Dandan , Xue Yating , Wang Yan , Xu Lijian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Ectopic fat accumulation plays a significant role in obesity-related metabolic dysfunction, and few studies have reported an association between ectopic gastric fat and metabolic risk factors. We aim to fulfill this need by assessing the degree of gastric submucosal fat accumulation in pathologic sections of 190 sleeve gastrectomy specimens.

Methods
Study patients were divided into two groups (D1 and D2) based on whether fat accumulation exceeded 1/3 of the submucosa of the stomach. Demographic and metabolic risk factors were compared between the two groups. Metabolic risk variables that might be associated with the degree of fat accumulation were screened in the original cohort. After balancing for possible confounders, the robustness of the correlations was assessed using binary and conditional logistic regression analyses.

Results
All study patients had fat accumulation in the submucosa of the stomach. C-reactive protein (CRP), body mass index (BMI), visceral fat area (VFA), and insulin resistance (IR) were higher in the D2 group than in the D1 group in the original cohort (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that BMI and IR may be associated with increased fat accumulation. After balancing variables other than obesity indicators and IR using propensity score matching, BMI and IR remained significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05). Further analysis of the matched cohort using two logistic regression analyses showed that IR was an independent risk factor for increased fat accumulation.

Conclusion
This study indicated that gastric submucosal fat accumulation was prevalent in patients with obesity and was associated with IR.

Graphical Abstract