bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral and dermal exposure to natural radionuclides and heavy metals in water and sediments of Nile River, Qena, southern Egypt
Authors: Salahel Din Khaled , Mahmoud Faten 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study assessed the levels of natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K) and heavy metals (Hg, Fe, Cr, As, Zn, Cu, Cd, and Pb) in surface water and sediment samples from the Nile River in Qena Governorate, southern Egypt, using a gamma-ray spectrometer, 3ʺ NaI (Tl) scintillation detector coupled with 1024 multi-channel analyzer, and an atomic absorption spectrometer. In surface water and sediments, the average activity concentrations of natural radionuclides were 40K (4.73 Bq L−1; 395.76 Bq kg−1) > 226Ra (0.41 Bq L−1; 18.14 Bq kg−1) > 232Th (0.30 Bq L−1; 17.98 Bq kg−1). The average heavy metal concentrations in surface water in µg L−1 were Fe (121.0) > Zn (33.80) > Cr (28.0) > Cu (8.62) > Pb (8.35) > As (1.19) > Hg (0.81) > Cd (0.12). In Nile sediments the concentrations in mg kg−1 were Fe (1670.0) > Zn (207.0) > Cr (29.40) > Cu (16.20) > Pb (4.32) > Hg (0.41) > Cd (0.31) > As (0.14). The heavy metal evaluation index (HMEI) calculations for water samples revealed that 31% of the samples were suitable for domestic use, while 69% were not. The geo-accumulation index, enrichment factor, and ecological risk factor for sediments were estimated, showing extreme enrichment for Hg and Zn with high ecological risk for Hg. Health risks for adults were evaluated due to oral and dermal exposure to Nile surface water and sediments from the study area, indicating minimal radiological risks and potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks from the metals.
Sensitivity of Legionella pneumophila to phthalates and their substitutes
Authors: Crépin Alexandre , Thiroux Audrey , Alafaci Aurélien , Boukerb Amine M. , Dufour Izelenn , Chrysanthou Eirini , Bertaux Joanne , Tahrioui Ali , Bazire Alexis , Rodrigues Sophie , Taupin Laure , Feuilloley Marc , Dufour Alain , Caillon Jocelyne , Lesouhaitier Olivier , Chevalier Sylvie , Berjeaud Jean-Marc , Verdon Julien 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPhthalates constitute a family of anthropogenic chemicals developed to be used in the manufacture of plastics, solvents, and personal care products. Their dispersion and accumulation in many environments can occur at all stages of their use (from synthesis to recycling). However, many phthalates together with other accumulated engineered chemicals have been shown to interfere with hormone activities. These compounds are also in close contact with microorganisms that are free-living, in biofilms or in microbiota, within multicellular organisms. Herein, the activity of several phthalates and their substitutes were investigated on the opportunistic pathogen Legionella pneumophila, an aquatic microbe that can infect humans. Beside showing the toxicity of some phthalates, data suggested that Acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC) and DBP (Di-n-butyl phthalate) at environmental doses (i.e. 10–6 M and 10–8 M) can modulate Legionella behavior in terms of motility, biofilm formation and response to antibiotics. A dose of 10–6 M mostly induced adverse effects for the bacteria, in contrast to a dose of 10–8 M. No perturbation of virulence towards Acanthamoeba castellanii was recorded. These behavioral alterations suggest that L. pneumophila is able to sense ATBC and DBP, in a cross-talk that either mimics the response to a native ligand, or dysregulates its physiology.
Novel synthesized triazole derivatives as effective corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 1M HCl solution: experimental and computational studies
Authors: Belal Kamelia , El-Askalany A. H. , Ghaith Eslam A. , Fathi Salem Molouk Ahmed 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article outlines the synthesis of two derivatives of 4-amino-5-hydrazineyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol for the prevention of carbon steel corrosion in 1M HCl solution. These derivatives are (Z)-3-(1-(2-(4-amino-5-mercapto-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)hydrazono)ethyl)-2H-chromen-2-one (TZ1) and 5-(2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)hydrazineyl)-4-amino-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (TZ2). Weight loss, electrochemical experiments, surface examinations, and theoretical computation are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the two compounds to be used as corrosion inhibitors. Weight loss and electrochemical studies demonstrate that these derivatives reduce the corrosion rate of carbon steel. To examine the morphology and constitution of the carbon steel surface submerged in HCl solution as well as after adding inhibitors, surface examination tests are performed. Analysis of the test solution via UV–visible spectroscopy is employed to check the possibility of complex formation between inhibitor molecules and Fe2+ ions released during the corrosion process. In order to explore their biological activity, the antibacterial activity was investigated against (E. coli and Bacillus subtilis). Finally, theoretical confirmation of the experimental findings is provided by quantum chemical (DFT) and Monte Carlo (MC) simulation studies. More adsorption sites are present in the derivatives of 4-amino-5-hydrazineyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol, which offer a novel perspective for developing new classes of corrosion inhibitors with substantial protective efficacy, especially at high temperatures.
Age, sex and race distribution of accelerometer-derived sleep variability in US school-aged children and adults
Authors: Price Elexis , Li Xinyue , Xu Yanyan , Mansuri Asifhusen , McCall William V. , Su Shaoyong , Wang Xiaoling 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSleep variability (e.g. intra-individual variabilities in sleep duration or sleep timing, social jetlag, and catch-up sleep) is an important factor impacting health and mortality. However, limited information is available on the distribution of these sleep parameters across the human life span. We aimed to provide distribution of sleep variability related parameters across lifespan by sex and race in a national representative sample from the U.S. population. The study included 9981 participants 6 years and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014, who had 4–7 days of valid 24-h accelerometer recording with at least one day obtained during weekend (Friday or Saturday night). Of the study participants, 43% showed ≥ 60 min sleep duration standard deviation (SD), 51% experienced ≥ 60 min catch-up sleep, 20% showed ≥ 60 min sleep midpoint SD, and 43% experienced ≥ 60 min social jetlag. American youth and young adults averaged greater sleep variability compared to other age groups. Non-Hispanic Blacks showed greater sleep variability in all parameters compared to other racial groups. There was a main effect of sex on sleep midpoint SD and social jetlag with males averaging slightly more than females. Our study provides important observations on sleep variability parameters of residents of the United States by using objectively measured sleep patterns and will provide unique insights for personalized advice on sleep hygiene.
Higher systemic immune-inflammation index is associated with sarcopenia in individuals aged 18–59 years: a population-based study
Authors: Zhao Jinlong , Zeng Lingfeng , Liang Guihong , Dou Yaoxing , Zhou Guanghui , Pan Jianke , Yang Weiyi , Hong Kunhao , Liu Jun , Zhao Li 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe association between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and the risk of sarcopenia has not yet been revealed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the SII and sarcopenia in individuals aged 18–59 years. All data for this study are from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database, including 7258 participants (age range: 18–59 years). We divided SII values by quartiles (quartiles 1–4: 0.3–3.1, 3.2–4.4, 4.4–6.2, and 6.2–58.5). We constructed a multivariate logistic regression model to assess the association between the SII and the risk of sarcopenia, and an interaction test was run to test the stability of the model and identify high-risk individuals with sarcopenia. Compared to nonsarcopenia participants, sarcopenia patients had a significantly higher SII value (weighted average: 6.65 vs. 5.16) (P = 0.002). Multivariate logistic regression results showed a positive linear relationship between the SII and sarcopenia (OR [odds ratio] = 1.12, 95% CI [confidence interval] 1.03–1.21). Compared to the quartile 1 group, the quartile 4 group was associated with a higher risk of sarcopenia (OR = 3.94, 95% CI 1.42–10.94). Compared with the quartile 1 group, the OR value of the quartile 2 to quartile 4 groups showed an upwards trend (Ptrend < 0.001) as the level of SII increased. Subgroup analysis also indicate that the correlation between higher SII values and the risk of sarcopenia was stable. There was a significant positive linear relationship between SII and sarcopenia, indicating that higher SII values can increase the risk of sarcopenia in individuals aged 18–59 in the United States. The findings of this study will be beneficial in promoting the use of SII alone or in combination with other tools for the risk screening of sarcopenia in communities or large populations.
Effect of Melissa officinalis L. leaf extract on manganese-induced cyto-genotoxicity on Allium cepa L.
Authors: Üstündağ Ünal , Macar Oksal , Kalefetoğlu Macar Tuğçe , Yalçın Emine , Çavuşoğlu Kültiğin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlthough the antioxidant properties ofMelissa officinalisextract (Mox) are widely known, little work has focused on its protective capacity against heavy metal stress. The primary objective of this study was to determine the potential of Mox to mitigate manganese (II) chloride (MnCI2)-induced cyto-genotoxicity using the Allium and comet assays. Physiological, genotoxic, biochemical and anatomical parameters as well as the phenolic composition of Mox were examined inAllium cepa(L.). Application of 1000 µM MnCl2reduced the rooting percentage, root elongation, weight gain, mitotic index and levels of chlorophyllaand chlorophyllbpigments compared to the control group. However, it increased micronuclei formation, chromosomal abnormality frequencies, tail DNA percentage, proline amount, lipid peroxidation level and meristematic damage severity. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase also increased. Chromosomal aberrations induced by MnCl2were fragment, sticky chromosome, vagrant chromosome, unequal distribution of chromatin and bridge. Application of 250 mg/L Mox and 500 mg/L Mox along with MnCl2significantly alleviated adverse effects dose dependently. The antioxidant activity bestowed by the phenolic compounds in Mox assisted the organism to combat MnCl2toxicity. Consequently, Mox exerted remarkable protection against MnCl2toxicity and it needs to be investigated further as a potential therapeutic option.
A chromosome-scale assembly of the quinoa genome provides insights into the structure and dynamics of its subgenomes
Authors: Rey Elodie , Maughan Peter J. , Maumus Florian , Lewis Daniel , Wilson Leanne , Fuller Juliana , Schmöckel Sandra M. , Jellen Eric N. , Tester Mark , Jarvis David E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractQuinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is an allotetraploid seed crop with the potential to help address global food security concerns. Genomes have been assembled for four accessions of quinoa; however, all assemblies are fragmented and do not reflect known chromosome biology. Here, we use in vitro and in vivo Hi-C data to produce a chromosome-scale assembly of the Chilean accession PI 614886 (QQ74). The final assembly spans 1.326 Gb, of which 90.5% is assembled into 18 chromosome-scale scaffolds. The genome is annotated with 54,499 protein-coding genes, 96.9% of which are located on the 18 largest scaffolds. We also report an updated genome assembly for the B-genome diploid C. suecicum and use it, together with the A-genome diploid C. pallidicaule, to identify genomic rearrangements within the quinoa genome, including a large pericentromeric inversion representing 71.7% of chromosome Cq3B. Repetitive sequences comprise 65.2%, 48.6%, and 57.9% of the quinoa, C. pallidicaule, and C. suecicum genomes, respectively. Evidence suggests that the B subgenome is more dynamic and has expanded more than the A subgenome. These genomic resources will enable more accurate assessments of genome evolution within the Amaranthaceae and will facilitate future efforts to identify variation in genes underlying important agronomic traits in quinoa.
COVID-19 and influenza infections mediate distinct pulmonary cellular and transcriptomic changes
Authors: Wang Chenxiao , Khatun Mst Shamima , Zhang Zhe , Allen Michaela J. , Chen Zheng , Ellsworth Calder R. , Currey Joshua M. , Dai Guixiang , Tian Di , Bach Konrad , Yin Xiao-Ming , Traina-Dorge Vicki , Rappaport Jay , Maness Nicholas J. , Blair Robert V. , Kolls Jay K. , Pociask Derek A. , Qin Xuebin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 infection can cause persistent respiratory sequelae. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we report that sub-lethally infected K18-human ACE2 mice show patchy pneumonia associated with histiocytic inflammation and collagen deposition at 21 and 45 days post infection (DPI). Transcriptomic analyses revealed that compared to influenza-infected mice, SARS-CoV-2-infected mice had reduced interferon-gamma/alpha responses at 4 DPI and failed to induce keratin 5 (Krt5) at 6 DPI in lung, a marker of nascent pulmonary progenitor cells. Histologically, influenza- but not SARS-CoV-2-infected mice showed extensive Krt5+ “pods” structure co-stained with stem cell markers Trp63/NGFR proliferated in the pulmonary consolidation area at both 7 and 14 DPI, with regression at 21 DPI. These Krt5+ “pods” structures were not observed in the lungs of SARS-CoV-2-infected humans or nonhuman primates. These results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection fails to induce nascent Krt5+ cell proliferation in consolidated regions, leading to incomplete repair of the injured lung.
Utility of smart watches for identifying arrhythmias in children
Authors: Zahedivash Aydin , Chubb Henry , Giacone Heather , Boramanand Nicole K. , Dubin Anne M. , Trela Anthony , Lencioni Erin , Motonaga Kara S. , Goodyer William , Navarre Brittany , Ravi Vishnu , Schmiedmayer Paul , Bikia Vasiliki , Aalami Oliver , Ling Xuefeng B. , Perez Marco , Ceresnak Scott R. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Arrhythmia symptoms are frequent complaints in children and often require a pediatric cardiology evaluation. Data regarding the clinical utility of wearable technologies are limited in children. We hypothesize that an Apple Watch can capture arrhythmias in children.

Methods
We present an analysis of patients ≤18 years-of-age who had signs of an arrhythmia documented by an Apple Watch. We include patients evaluated at our center over a 4-year-period and highlight those receiving a formal arrhythmia diagnosis. We evaluate the role of the Apple Watch in arrhythmia diagnosis, the results of other ambulatory cardiac monitoring studies, and findings of any EP studies.

Results
We identify 145 electronic-medical-record identifications of Apple Watch, and find arrhythmias confirmed in 41 patients (28%) [mean age 13.8 ± 3.2 years]. The arrythmias include: 36 SVT (88%), 3 VT (7%), 1 heart block (2.5%) and wide 1 complex tachycardia (2.5%). We show that invasive EP study confirmed diagnosis in 34 of the 36 patients (94%) with SVT (2 non-inducible). We find that the Apple Watch helped prompt a workup resulting in a new arrhythmia diagnosis for 29 patients (71%). We note traditional ambulatory cardiac monitors were worn by 35 patients (85%), which did not detect arrhythmias in 10 patients (29%). In 73 patients who used an Apple Watch for recreational or self-directed heart rate monitoring, 18 (25%) sought care due to device findings without any arrhythmias identified.

Conclusion
We demonstrate that the Apple Watch can record arrhythmia events in children, including events not identified on traditionally used ambulatory monitors.
Off-resonant detection of domain wall oscillations using deterministically placed nanodiamonds
Authors: Rable Jeffrey , Dwivedi Jyotirmay , Samarth Nitin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond offer a sensitive method of measuring the spatially localized dynamics of magnetization and associated spin textures in ferromagnetic materials. We use NV centers in a deterministically positioned nanodiamond to demonstrate off-resonant detection of microwave field-driven GHz-scale oscillations of a single domain wall (DW). The technique exploits the enhanced relaxation of NV center spins due to the broadband stray field noise generated by an oscillating DW pinned at an engineered defect in a lithographically patterned ferromagnetic nanowire. Discrepancies between the observed DW oscillation frequency and predictions from micromagnetic simulations suggest extreme sensitivity of DW dynamics to patterning imperfections such as edge roughness. These experiments and simulations identify potential pathways toward quantum spintronic devices that exploit current-driven DWs as nanoscale microwave generators for qubit control, greatly increasing the driving field at an NV center and thus drastically reducing the π pulse time.
The potential role of early life feeding patterns in shaping the infant fecal metabolome: implications for neurodevelopmental outcomes
Authors: Chalifour Bridget , Holzhausen Elizabeth A. , Lim Joseph J. , Yeo Emily N. , Shen Natalie , Jones Dean P. , Peterson Bradley S. , Goran Michael I. , Liang Donghai , Alderete Tanya L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInfant fecal metabolomics can provide valuable insights into the associations of nutrition, dietary patterns, and health outcomes in early life. Breastmilk is typically classified as the best source of nutrition for nearly all infants. However, exclusive breastfeeding may not always be possible for all infants. This study aimed to characterize associations between levels of mixed breastfeeding and formula feeding, along with solid food consumption and the infant fecal metabolome at 1- and 6-months of age. As a secondary aim, we examined how feeding-associated metabolites may be associated with early life neurodevelopmental outcomes. Fecal samples were collected at 1- and 6-months, and metabolic features were assessed via untargeted liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. Feeding groups were defined at 1-month as 1) exclusively breastfed, 2) breastfed >50% of feedings, or 3) formula fed ≥50% of feedings. Six-month groups were defined as majority breastmilk (>50%) or majority formula fed (≥50%) complemented by solid foods. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development at 2 years. Changes in the infant fecal metabolome were associated with feeding patterns at 1- and 6-months. Feeding patterns were associated with the intensities of a total of 57 fecal metabolites at 1-month and 25 metabolites at 6-months, which were either associated with increased breastmilk or increased formula feeding. Most breastmilk-associated metabolites, which are involved in lipid metabolism and cellular processes like cell signaling, were associated with higher neurodevelopmental scores, while formula-associated metabolites were associated with lower neurodevelopmental scores. These findings offer preliminary evidence that feeding patterns are associated with altered infant fecal metabolomes, which may be associated with cognitive development later in life.
Empowering photovoltaic power generation with edge computing: A recognition and location approach for hot spot
Authors: Cao Shenglei , Wang Yashun , Wang Zun , Guan Rongqiang , Ding Liyuan , Lv Yuze 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe presented paper proposes a photovoltaic module hot spot detection algorithm based on YOLOv8‐BCB. The algorithm addresses issues such as component efficiency degradation and poor contact in long‐term operation of PV systems, with a focus on the hot spot effect’. To achieve rapid detection and localization of small targets in complex scenes, the algorithm incorporates the Weighted Bi‐directional Feature Pyramid Network (BiFPN) into YOLOv8. Additionally, a lightweight upsampling operator called Content‐Aware ReAssembly of FEatures (CARAFE) is used to reduce the detection load on the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) detection system. The BiFormer attention mechanism is also integrated into the C2f module to better capture dependencies between sequences and reduce background interference. To highlight the superiority of the authors’ algorithm compared to other high‐quality algorithms, the authors conducted comparative experiments on the same dataset. The YOLOv8‐BCB algorithm surpasses the SSD, faster‐cnn, and RetinaNet algorithms in both accuracy and detection speed. It achieves a precision of 97.1% and a recall rate of 94.9%, with an FPS of 110. The result is a target detection algorithm that is both fast and accurate.
SECANet: A structure‐enhanced attention network with dual‐domain contrastive learning for scene text image super‐resolution
Authors: He Xin , Zhang Kaibing , Zhang Yuhong , Zhang Hui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this letter, we developed novel Structure Enhanced Channel Attention Network (SECANet) for scene text image super‐resolution (STISR). The newly proposed SECANet integrates a group of Structure‐Enhanced Attention Modules to focus more on both local and global structural features in the character regions of text images. Moreover, we elaborately formulate a Dual‐Domain Contrastive Learning framework that integrates one pixel‐level contrastive loss and the other semantic‐level contrastive loss to jointly optimize the SECANet for generating more visually pleasing yet better recognizable high‐quality SR images without introducing any additional prior generators in both the training and testing stages, showing promising computational efficiency. Experimental results on the Textzoom dataset indicate that our method can achieve both decent performance in super‐resolving more impressive scene text images from low‐resolution ones and better recognition accuracy than other competitors.
Ground fault identification and location of autotransformer traction network for high‐speed railway based on multi‐terminals synchronous measure information
Authors: Wang Shuai , Li Qunzhan , Han Jiadong , Chen Minwu , Sun Zhongrui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development of high‐speed railway, the auto‐transformer traction network (ATN) is also expanding. However, due to the improved performance of electric multiple units (EMUs) and the non‐linear relationship between impedance and ground fault distance, distance protection has limited coverage and cannot accurately locate the fault distance by measuring impedance. This paper presents a model of the ATN considering the presence of EMUs, which effectively demonstrates the characteristics of current distribution under the ground faults. Furthermore, a ground fault identification method based on multi‐terminal currents is proposed to enhance the accuracy of fault identification and differentiate faults and EMUs. The mapping relationship between current distribution and fault location is derived, and an accurate fault location method is proposed. Compared to existing methods, this method is not affected by EMUs and AT parameters. The fault identification and location scheme for ATN employs multi‐terminal synchronous information. Finally, through simulation and experimental setups, case studies have been conducted to verify the accuracy and robustness of the proposed method in various fault scenarios. Certainly, this research has significant application prospects in fault analysis and detection for HSR.