bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and cell proliferation of gastric epithelial mucosa: correlation to macroscopic and microscopic diagnosis
Authors: Ruzsovics Agnes , Unger Zsuzsa , Molnar Bela , Pronai Laszlo , Tulassay Zsolt 
Published: December 2004

Summary.Our aim was to compare the expression of EGFR and proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in different histological and endoscopic diagnostic groups, in cases of Helicobacter pylori infection, in vivo. Paraffin embedded human gastric biopsy samples (86) were analysed by EGFR and PCNA immunohistochemistry and classified both on the basis of histology and endoscopic findings. In normal epithelia (NE), a positive correlation was found between PCNA and EGFR and in H. pylori‐negative gastritis with and without intestinal metaplasia (P < 0.01). On the other hand, a negative correlation was detected between the two immunohistochemical findings in H. pylori‐associated gastritis with intestinal metaplasia (HPGIM) and in the atrophic gastritis (AG) group. In HPGIM the percentage of EGFR‐positive cells was significantly lower (32.4 ± 30.4) when compared to either the NE (50.3 ± 23.7) or H. pylori‐negative gastritis with intestinal metaplasia (HNGIM) (48.3 ± 23.7). In AG, EGFR was significantly lower when compared to the NE (P < 0.05). Based on the endoscopic findings, a significant decrease of EGFR expression was found in gastric ulcer cases as compared to NE, gastritis or erosion cases (P < 0.01). PCNA showed no significant alterations between the NE and gastritis, AG groups. The presence of H. pylori has an inverse effect on PCNA and EGFR expression in HPGIM.
Serum and tissue level of insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) and IGF‐I binding proteins as an index of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer
Authors: Karna Ewa , Surazynski Arkadiusz , Orłowski Kazimierz , łaszkiewicz Joanna , Puchalski Zbigniew , Nawrat Piotr , Pałka Jerzy 
Published: December 2004

Summary.Previously we have found deregulation of collagen metabolism in human pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer tissues. Insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) is known to stimulate collagen biosynthesis through interaction with IGF‐I receptor. IGF‐I binding proteins (BPs) regulate the activity of IGF‐I. We investigated whether serum and tissue IGF‐I and IGF‐BPs as well as tissue IGF‐I receptor expression may reflect disturbances of collagen metabolism in patients with pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. In pancreatitis tissue, a significant increase in IGF‐I and IGFBP‐3 content was accompanied by a distinct increase in IGF‐I receptor expression, compared to control pancreas tissue. In contrast, serum from patients with pancreatitis did not show significant increases in IGF‐I and IGFBP‐3 levels, however, significant increases in IGFBP‐1 level (2.5 fold). Moreover, a distinct decrease in radioactive IGF‐binding to the BPs, compared to control serum, was found. Pancreatic cancer tissue and serum of patients with pancreatic cancer showed significant increases in IGF‐I, IGFBP‐3 and IGFBP‐1 content, accompanied by dramatic increases in IGF‐I tissue receptor expression, compared to controls. In serum of patients with pancreatic cancer distinct increases in radioactive IGF‐binding to 46 kDa BP, compared to control serum, were observed. The data suggest that disturbances in tissue collagen metabolism during pancreatic diseases may result from deregulation of IGF‐I homeostasis and that elevated serum levels of IGF‐I, IGFBP‐3 and IGFBP‐1 may serve as markers of pancreatic cancer.
Delivery of endostatin in experimental cancer therapy
Authors: R. Sorensen Dag , Read Tracy‐Ann 
Published: December 2004

Summary.Endostatin, the 20 kDa C‐terminal fragment of collagen XVIII, has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of tumour angiogenesis and growth in different experimental systems and is currently in Phase II/III clinical trials. One challenging aspect of anti‐angiogenic treatment is the mode of delivery of the active compound. In this paper we review some of the basic knowledge of endostatin and look specifically into the different possible ways in which endostatin may be administered.
Histopathological findings in rabbits after experimental acute exposure to the Loxosceles intermedia (brown spider) venom
Authors: Ospedal Katia Zoghbi , Appel Marcia Helena , Neto José Fillus , Mangili Oldemir Carlos , Veiga Silvio Sanches , Gremski Waldemiro 
Published: December 2004

Summary.Loxoscelism, the term used to describe envenomation with brown spiders, is characterized by a dermonecrotic lesion at the bite site. In the present investigation we submitted albino rabbits to an acute experimental envenomation protocol using Loxosceles intermedia (brown spider) venom, with in order to determine the pathogenesic features of the lesion induced by this spider, which is the cause of several accidents throughout the world. Rabbits received intradermal injections of the venom and were monitored over the first 4 h, and then at 12 h and 1, 2 and 5 days after envenomation. Histological specimens from 3 rabbits per time point were collected from euthanized animals and processed for histological examination by light microscopy. Major findings observed during the first 4 h were oedema, haemorrhage, degeneration of blood vessel walls, plasma exudation, thrombosis, neutrophil accumulation in and around blood vessels with an intensive diapedesis, a diffuse collection of inflammatory cells (polymorphonuclear leucocytes) in the dermis, and subcutaneous muscular oedema. Over the following hours and up to 5 days after envenomation the changes progressed to massive neutrophil infiltration (with no other leucocytes) into the dermis and even into subcutaneous muscle tissue, destruction of blood vessels, thrombosis, haemorrhage, myonecrosis, and coagulative necrosis on the 5th day.
Progression of alachlor‐induced olfactory mucosal tumours
Authors: Genter Mary Beth , Burman Dawn M. , Bolon Brad 
Published: December 2004

Summary.Alachlor is an herbicide used primarily in the production of corn (maize), peanuts, and soybeans and is associated with cancer of the nasal cavity, thyroid, and stomach in rats. Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated that the nasal cavity tumours originate from the olfactory mucosa, and that neoplasms were present following 6 months of exposure (126 mg/kg/day in the diet). The studies presented herein were conducted to determine more precisely the earliest time point at which alachlor‐induced tumours were present, and to describe the histological changes that occur en route to tumour formation. We determined that dramatic histological changes, including respiratory metaplasia of the olfactory mucosa, were present following 3 months of exposure, and the earliest alachlor‐induced olfactory mucosal tumours were detected following 5 months of treatment. Because alachlor is positive in short‐term mutagenicity assays with olfactory mucosal activation, and because of the relatively short time‐to‐tumour formation observed with alachlor, we also conducted a ‘stop’ study in which rats were treated with alachlor for 1 month and then held without further treatment for an additional 5 months. This study demonstrated that abbreviated alachlor exposure did not result in subsequent tumour formation within the 6‐month observation period.
CpG oligodeoxynucleotides accelerate reovirus type 2‐triggered insulitis in DBA/1 suckling mice
Authors: Hayashi T. , Yoshinaka K. , Hasegawa K. , Maeda K. , Onodera T. 
Published: December 2004

Summary.We reported previously that reovirus type‐2 (Reo‐2) triggers T‐helper (Th) 1‐mediated autoimmune insulitis resulting in temporal impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) approximately 10 days post infection (d.p.i) in suckling DBA/1 mice. We hypothesized that CpG motifs in bacteria may enhance virus‐induced insulitis through its content of unmethylated CpG motifs. In the infected mice, the intraperitoneal treatment of synthetic 20‐base oligodeoxynucleotides with CpG motifs (CpG ODN) caused increase in cumulative incidence of insulitis with IGT, increased serum interferon (IFN)‐γ concentration, and high frequency of autoantibody against pancreatic islet cells, compared to the infected mice without CpG ODN at 17 d.p.i. Also CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes infiltrated in and/or around pancreatic islets in the CpG ODN‐treated mice. This evidence suggests that CpG ODN may contribute to accelerate Reo‐2‐induced autoimmune reaction against pancreatic islet cells via additional effects of Th1 cytokines especially IFN‐γ.
The histological features of microwave coagulation therapy: an assessment of a new applicator design
Authors: Swift Benjamin , Strickland Andrew , West Kevin , Clegg Peter , Cronin Nigel , Lloyd David 
Published: December 2004

Abstract.Microwave ablation of tumours within the liver may become an adjunct or alternative to resection in patients with primary or secondary cancers. This technique combines the benefits of a large, localized coagulative effect with a single insertion of the applicator, in a significantly shorter time than comparable treatments. A new range of microwave applicators were developed and tested in animal models and both ex‐vivo and in‐vivo specimens of human liver at resection.At laparotomy, the applicator tip was inserted into normal liver parenchyma and tumours, with each specimen subjected to irradiation for 180 s or more and at varying power outputs.On sectioning an area of spherical blanching was observed around the applicator cavity. Microscopically a zone of coagulative necrosis was seen adjacent to the site of probe insertion. Damage to blood vessels and bile ducts occurred distal to the probe cavity suggesting the passage of heated fluid, a finding that was diminished by temporary occlusion of the hepatic vasculature (a Pringle manoeuvre). Ultra‐structural damage was confirmed within the burn zone and selected liver enzymes were shown to be functioning beyond this region.We suggest this indicates the surrounding liver parenchyma is functioning normally and therefore the volume of microwave‐induced damage is controllable. We are confident that the new applicator design will allow the effective treatment of larger tumours in a safe and controlled manner with a single application of energy.
Effectiveness of caffeic acid as an anti‐oxidant for cod liver oil
Authors: Leonardis Antonella De , Macciola Vincenzo 
Published: December 2004

Summary The effectiveness of caffeic acid and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) as anti‐oxidants for cod liver oil was investigated. The phenol were added to oil in doses of 300, 600 and 800 mg kg−1 and the samples were oxidized at 100 °C in a rancimat apparatus. Caffeic acid not only improved oil stability, but also developed a further protective action which increased hydrolytic stability, inhibited diene conjugation and reduced losses of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)‐n3.Caffeic acid showed a higher anti‐oxidant effect than BHA.
Modelling the effect of water recycling on the quality of potato products
Authors: Den Aantrekker Esther D. , Van Der Padt Albert , Boom Remko M. 
Published: December 2004

SummaryPurifying and recycling process water is a way to minimize the use of potable water and the production of wastewater in the food industry. Water recycling should, however, never affect the quality of the final products. Therefore, a model has been developed to investigate the possibilities of water recycling in a potato factory. One problem that could arise in a water recycling system is the accumulation of dissolved components, such as salts, in the process water loop, which would affect the product quality. Therefore, the quality of the potato products can be related to the amount of chloride ions present in the final product. The model described in this article is based on mass balances and transient diffusion theory is used to calculate the amount of chloride ions present in the process water and in the final product. The calculations show that chloride ions do accumulate in the water and in the potatoes during recycling, because of the addition of salts to the system. The approach used proved to be useful to obtain quantitative information on the process and to find critical points in the system.
Viscoelastic properties of restructured sweetpotato puree
Authors: Fasina Oladiran O. , Walter William M. , Fleming Henry P. , Simunovic Nada 
Published: December 2004

SummaryThe viscoelastic properties of sweetpotato (SP) puree restructured with alginate were determined and compared with those of non‐restructured SP puree. Results from oscillatory shear experiments showed that both purees behaved like a gel with the storage modulus (G′) predominant over the loss modulus (G′′). The addition of a calcium/alginate complex increased the firmness of SP puree. Gel strength of both restructured and non‐restructured puree was highest at room temperature (25 °C).
Comparison of drying kinetics and texture effects of two calcium pretreatments before microwave‐assisted dehydration of apple and potato
Authors: Ahrné Lília , Prothon Frédéric , Funebo Tomas 
Published: December 2004

SummaryThe effects on drying rate and texture of treating two plant tissues with calcium, before drying in air with microwave assistance, were studied in this work. The two tissues, potato and apple cubes, which have different structures and composition, were pretreated by immersion in CaCl2 solutions at 20 or at 70 °C before microwave‐assisted air dehydration at 50, 60 and 70 °C. The pretreatments with calcium influenced the strength of the plant tissue cell wall, producing products of varying hardness after rehydration. The effect of the two calcium pretreatments was quite different for apples and potatoes. For apples, calcium pretreatment at 20 °C increased the hardness of rehydrated apples compared with untreated apples, but calcium pretreatment at 70 °C had no effect on texture. For potatoes, both calcium pretreatments at 20 and at 70 °C significantly increased the hardness of rehydrated potatoes. The water diffusivity during drying varied mainly because of the type of plant tissue, with secondary effects caused by the drying temperature and the type of calcium pretreatment.
Palynological, physico‐chemical and colour characterization of Moroccan honeys: III. Other unifloral honey types
Authors: Terrab Anass , Díez Maria J. , Heredia Francisco J. 
Published: December 2004

SummaryIn this study a total of twenty Moroccan honey samples were analysed and botanically characterized: these included sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), crucifer (Diplotaxis sp.), carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.), loeflingia (Loeflingia sp.), heather (Erica sp.), mint (Mentha sp.) and wood sage (Teucrium scorodonia L.). Unifloral honeys were considered as such whenever the dominant pollen was found at over 45% of total pollen, except for sunflower, mint and wood sage types of honey where a finding above 20% of Helianthus annuus, Mentha sp. and Teucrium scorodonia pollen, respectively, was enough to typify them. The samples have been analysed to determine: moisture, pH, acidity (free, lactonic and total), hydroxymethylfurfural, diastase activity, proline, electrical conductivity, ash and mineral content, sugar composition, and colour variables (L*, a*, b*, C*ab, hab).
The fatty acids as penetration enhancers of amino acids by ion pairing
Authors: Arct J. , Chelkowska M. , Kasiura K. , Pietrzykowski P. 
Published: December 2004

SynopsisThe influence of palmitic acid on n‐octanol/water partition coefficient (log P) of selected amino acids, alanine, glycine, proline, hydroxyproline, seine, valine, threonine and lysine, was measured at a wide range of pH. A parabolic shape curve was obtained in every case (pH vs. Δlog P), with maximum depending on the amino acid. In each case in the presence of palmitic acid, the apparent partition coefficient increased. To check the possible mechanism of extraction of amino acids into n‐octanol phase in the presence of palmitate additionally, the influence of an amount of counter ion on partition coefficient of lysine was investigated. The results suggest that the enhanced partitioning of lysine results from the ion pair formation with palmitate. The ion pair stratum corneum–lipid membrane transport of the amino acids was investigated as well, using palmitate as a counter ion. The apparent permeability coefficients were enhanced significantly by palmitic acid at pH 7.4. As many substances (e.g. organic solvents, unsaturated fatty acids, etc.) are penetration enhancers which change the structure of intercellular lipid, the influence of palmitic acid on membrane was investigated. After pretreatment of membrane with palmitic acid, no changes in permeation of alanine were observed. Investigations suggest the enhanced permeation of amino acids via ion pairing. The method for prediction of pH in which the possibility of ion pairing is the highest was developed as well.
Role of topical and nutritional supplement to modify the oxidative stress*
Authors: Morganti P. , Bruno C. , Guarneri F. , Cardillo A. , Del Ciotto P. , Valenzano F. 
Published: December 2004

Synopsis Background: Evidence suggests that signs of skin ageing such as wrinkling, ragging and actinic lentigines, may be connected to cumulative oxidative damage incurred throughout our lifetimes. To counteract this oxidative injury, skin is equipped with a network on enzymatic and non‐enzymatic antioxidant systems, such as tocopherols, ascorbate polyphenols. All these compounds administered topically by cosmetics or by oral route by diet supplements, have been shown to exert an antioxidant/protective effect in skin or skin cells. Objective: The object of this study was to evaluate both in vitro and in vivo the activity performed by different topical antioxidants and nutritional supplements. Methods: A randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled study was carried out for 8 weeks on 30 dry‐skinned elderly volunteers, women aged between 48 and 59 years, with moderate xerosis and photoageing. Surface skin lipids, skin hydration and MDA determination were topically detected by 3C System. ROS was evaluated on the blood serum and on IL‐3 stimulated human leukocytes by ROS Meter System at 505 nm. All the subjects applied twice a day for 2 months a nanocolloidal gel and/or take a diet supplement by oral route at the quantity of two capsules per day. All the formulations used were antioxidant‐enriched (ascorbic acid, tocopherol, alpha‐lipoic acid, melatonin, emblica). Results: Oxidative stress and consequently lipids peroxidation decreased from 30 to 40% (P < 0.005) in blood serum of all the subjects treated with antioxidant compounds topically and by oral route. Both free radicals recovered in blood serum and on skin (in vivo) and ROS induced by irradiation of leucocytes with UVB light (in vitro), appear sensibly lower in subjects antioxidant‐treated. Conclusions: From the obtained data, it seems possible to conclude that all the compounds used play interesting role as topical and systemic photoprotectants, thanks to their interesting antioxidant property. Moreover, the antioxidant treatment seems to be a promising therapeutic approach also in reducing the oxidative stress of people affected by photoaging.
Tamanu (Calophyllum inophyllum) – the African, Asian, Polynesian and Pacific Panacea
Authors: Dweck A. C. , Meadows T. 
Published: December 2004

SynopsisTamanu or Calophyllum inophyllum has been used traditionally as a local medicine for many different purposes. The oil has been proven to be vulnerary and cicatrising in its effects. The chemicals responsible for this action are calophyllolide and inophyllum in addition to other complex polyphenols.
La microscopie confocale: interet pour l'analyse du relief cutané. Un outil d'évaluation dermo‐cosmétique*
Authors: Rhouzlane A. , Makki S. , Millet J. , Humbert Ph. 
Published: December 2004

SynopsisNowadays, the determination of human skin microtopography is usually carried out by methods based on mechanical techniques (profilometry and surfometry), or founded on optical conception (shadowing method and profilometry). Negative skin replicas made of a silicone rubber material (Silflo®) or positive casts performed from an epoxy resin (Araldite®), are used to assess the skin microstructure. Skin surface microtopography is quantified by measuring furrows depths and spaces between them. An original application using confocal scanning laser microscope (CLSM) is described in this paper. The CLSM gives simultaneously images of the skin surface associated with quantitative measurements of the microtopography. With this apparatus, it is easy to achieve perfect skin replica images with assessment of its microstructure, before and after applications of topical medicines or cosmetic products to evaluate the skin surface restoration. It is worth to mention that it is indispensable to analyse the same skin surface (same plateaux and same furrows). For this reason, it is necessary to localize exactly and to replicate the same skin surface area (4 mm2) before and after the cosmetic use, whatever the extended period of the topical application.
Common cosmetic hydrophilic ingredients as penetration modifiers of flavonoids
Authors: Arct J. , Oborska A. , Mojski M. , Binkowska A. , Świdzikowska B. 
Published: December 2004

SynopsisNowadays, flavonoids are present in many cosmetic formulations, mainly in the form of plant extracts. The main reason of still increasing popularity of these substances is their beneficial biochemical activity. The main factor affecting activity of flavonoids in the skin is their skin penetration ability. The studies have evidenced that flavonoids from grape leaf extract as well as flavonoids like quercetin, rutin and catechin can migrate through the model lipophilic membrane from aqueous solution. The influence of common hydrophilic cosmetic additives on the permeation profile of flavonoids has been checked. The partition coefficients of examined flavonoids in the octanol–water extraction system were determined. Correlations between permeation coefficients and log P of particular flavonoids were plotted. To determine the mechanism of influence of hydrophilic substances on the permeation profile of flavonoids, the solubility of these compounds was investigated. Studies suggest that the presence of hydrophilic additives causes the increase in the flavonoid solubility that decreases the activity of flavonoids in the vehicle. In such a situation, the driving force for the penetration is reduced and the decrease of permeation coefficient can be observed.