bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectives of Evidence-Based Therapy Management
Authors: Kiessling Fabian , Schulz Volkmar 
Published: October 2023

Background Therapeutics that specifically address biological processes often require a much finer selection of patients and subclassification of diseases. Thus, diagnostic procedures must describe the diseases in sufficient detail to allow selection of appropriate therapy and to sensitively track therapy response. Anatomical features are often not sufficient for this purpose and there is a need to image molecular and pathophysiological processes.
Method Two imaging strategies can be pursued: molecular imaging attempts to image a few biomarkers that play key roles in pathological processes. Alternatively, patterns describing a biological process can be identified from the synopsis of multiple (non-specific) imaging markers, possibly in combination with omics and other clinical findings. Here, AI-based methods are increasingly being used.
Results Both strategies of evidence-based therapy management are explained in this review article and examples and clinical successes are presented. In this context, reviews of clinically approved molecular diagnostics and decision support systems are listed. Furthermore, since reliable, representative, and sufficiently large datasets are further important prerequisites for AI-assisted multiparametric analyses, concepts are presented to make data available in a structured way, e. g., using Generative Adversarial Networks to complement databases with virtual cases and to build completely anonymous reference databases.
Conclusion Molecular imaging and computer-assisted cluster analysis of diagnostic data are complementary methods to describe pathophysiological processes. Both methods have the potential to improve (evidence-based) the future management of therapies, partly on their own but also in combined approaches.
Key Points:
Plastic versus metal stents for transmural drainage of walled-off necrosis with significant solid debris: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kakadiya Rinkal , Muktesh Gaurav , Samanta Jayanta , Mandavdhare Harshal S , Gupta Pankaj , Shah Jimil , Sarma Phulen , Gupta Vikas , Yadav Thakur Deen , Jena Anuraag , Sharma Vishal , Kochhar Rakesh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims Recently, larger-caliber metal stents have been increasingly used, resulting in higher efficacy in walled-off necrosis (WON) with more solid debris. However, none of the trials have included WON with significant solid debris. The aim of this study was to compare plastic stents and metal stents for drainage of symptomatic WON with significant solid debris (≥20%).
Patients and methods We conducted a single-center, open-label, noninferiority trial including 48 patients. The primary endpoint was treatment success. Secondary outcomes were technical success, total number of procedures, adverse events (AEs), duration of procedure, and treatment failure. All the outcomes were assessed at 3 weeks after drainage. Patients were followed up for 3 months to assess recurrence.
Results Treatment succeeded in 21 of 24 patients (87.5%) and 20
of 24 patients (83.3%) in the metal and plastic stent groups, respectively with P=1.05 (95% confidence interval 0.81–1.39). Assuming 10%
non-inferiority margin, P<0.001 for non-inferiority, suggesting
that plastic stents are non-inferior to metal stents. The technical success rate was 100%.
Procedure duration was significantly shorter in the metal stent group (12.95±5.3 minutes
versus 29.77±6.6 minutes, P<0.001). The number of total
procedures was comparable (2.8±1 vs 2.2±1, P=0.097). There were
more minor AEs in plastic stent arm but no significant difference between the two groups. A
single asymptomatic recurrence was observed in the metal stent arm.
Conclusions Plastic stents are not inferior to metal stents for WON drainage with significant solid debris. However, larger sample-size studies are needed to make definite conclusions.
Clinical and Laboratory Presentation and Underlying Mechanism in Patients with Low VWF
Authors: Seidizadeh Omid , Ciavarella Alessandro , Baronciani Luciano , Boggio Federico , Ballardini Francesco , Cozzi Giovanna , Colpani Paola , Pagliari Maria Teresa , Novembrino Cristina , Siboni Simona Maria , Peyvandi Flora 
Published: October 2023

Background Low von Willebrand factor (VWF) refers to subjects with plasma levels of 30 to 50 IU/dL. The mechanism of low VWF is poorly understood. We chose to determine the clinical presentation, laboratory phenotype, and underlying mechanisms of low VWF.
Material and Methods We included 250 patients characterized with low VWF. The International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Bleeding Assessment Tool (ISTH-BAT) was used to assess clinical symptoms. To determine the underlying mechanisms of low VWF, we used as markers the VWF propeptide (VWFpp) assay and FVIII:C/VWF:Ag ratio for VWF synthesis and the VWFpp/VWF:Ag ratio for VWF clearance. Results were compared with those of 120 healthy controls. Cases with abnormal screening tests were further evaluated for coagulation factor levels and platelet disorders.
Results The median age of the cohort was 35 years (range 3–85), 21% were children (n = 53), 34% were adult males (n = 85), and 45% (n = 112) were adult females. According to the ISTH-BAT, abnormal bleeding was found in 35% of children, 47% of males, and 49% of females. No association was found between VWF activity levels and ISTH-BAT. Patients showed an overall decreased VWF synthesis/secretion and an enhanced VWF clearance was identified in 33% of them. In 89 patients (36%), there were other hemostasis-related defects, but there was no difference in the ISTH-BAT between the two groups.
Conclusion Our findings indicate that reduced VWF synthesis/secretion and enhanced VWF clearance are major mechanisms of low VWF levels. Patients with low VWF have significant bleeding manifestations. While other hemostasis defects occurred together with low VWF, this combination did not exacerbate clinical symptoms.
Phenanthro[9,10‑d]imidazoles: An Unexpected Synthetic Route
Authors: Kirsch Stefan F. , Springer Bastian L. , Holzschneider Kristina , Mohr Fabian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA new synthetic route for the synthesis of phenanthro[9,10‑d]imidazoles is described. Through aminolysis of easily accessible 10,10-diazidophenanthren-9(10H)-one with nucleophilic amines, a self-condensation is triggered that results in the formation of the target phenanthro[9,10‑d]imidazoles. The molecular structures were studied by X-ray single crystallography, and the optical properties of the material are described.
Changes in Auditory Evoked Potentials Increase the Chances of Adults Having Central Auditory Processing Disorder
Authors: Pelaquim Andressa , Sanfins Milaine Dominici , Fornazieri Marco Aurélio 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction Auditory evoked potentials are widely used in clinical practice to complement the assessment of central auditory processing. However, it is necessary to understand whether these potentials are highly accurate, to assist in the diagnosis of auditory processing disorder.
Objective To measure the accuracy of middle and long latency auditory evoked potentials in the diagnosis of auditory processing disorder in adults.
Methods This is a case-control study, formed by a control group of 30 individuals with normal auditory processing assessment, and a case group composed of 43 individuals with altered auditory processing assessment. Their sensitivities, specificities, accuracies, positive and negative predictive values for the diagnosis of alterations were measured and compared between the potentials.
Results The accuracies of the middle and long latency potentials were 51% and 67%, respectively. The P1-N1-P2 and N2-P300 complexes had an accuracy of 57.5% and 58.9%, respectively. The cognitive potential P300 showed an accuracy of 55%. There was no significant result for the middle-latency potential (OR = 1.8; 95% CI: 0.6–5.4, p > 0.42) and for P300 (OR = 2.63, 95% CI: 0.85–8.43, p > 0.11). However, the result was significant for the long-latency potential (OR = 6.3; 95% CI: 2–19.6, p < 0.01). There was a significant result for the P1-N1-P2 complexes (OR = 6.76, 95% CI:1.4–32.5, p = < 0.010) and N2-P300 (OR = 3.60; 95% CI: 10.16–11.20, p < 0.039).
Conclusion Individuals with altered long-latency auditory evoked potential are more likely to have auditory processing disorder and, as such, this test can be used as a complementary tool to confirm the diagnosis.
Up, Up, and Above—Tumor Thrombus in RCC
Authors: Periaswamy Gopinath , Christopher Navya , Arunachalam Venkatesh Kasi , Renganathan Rupa , Mehta Pankaj , Cherian Mathew 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntravascular tumor thrombosis is most commonly encountered in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which alters the staging and prognosis of malignancies, indicating an advanced stage of malignancy, which can be surgically challenging during treatment course. Imaging plays a vital role in the detection of tumor thrombus and in differentiating it from bland thrombus. The Mayo Clinic thrombus classification is widely used to describe levels of inferior vena cava tumor thrombus (IVC-TT) in patients with locally advanced RCC. In this article, we review the classification, guidelines, and recent diagnostic tools for RCC with IVC tumor thrombi, and mention about the various surgical approaches for each stage of tumor thrombi.
When Friend Becomes Foe: Complications of Fibroadenoma Imaging Spectrum
Authors: Kar Pallavi , Arora Jyoti 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFibroadenoma are the most common benign breast lesions. Complications in fibroadenoma although rare in occurrence, are reported. It is important to be aware of the possible complications, both benign and malignant which may require surgical management. Commonly encountered benign complications in a fibroadenoma are infarction, rapid increase in size, and lactational changes. A common differential of a giant fibroadenoma is phyllodes tumor which has subtle imaging differences. Malignant transformation of a fibroadenoma is very rare although cases are reported (0.02%). Breast is a dynamic organ and is influenced by the hormone surges occurring typically during pregnancy and lactation, it causes changes in morphology of prior existing fibroadenoma which may mimic like a malignancy and hence knowledge of these benign complications in a fibroadenoma is also important. To identify the subtle radiologic imaging features which may suggest complication developing in a known fibroadenoma, prompting for a histopathological examination correlation. In this article, we discuss the imaging features of complications in a fibroadenoma—benign and malignant. Sinister etiology secondarily engulfing a fibroadenoma and sinister focus developing in a fibroadenoma will be discussed. Also, the benign complications in a fibroadenoma like lactational changes, spontaneous infarction within a fibroadenoma, and excessive increase in the size of fibroadenoma with degenerative changes due to the estrogen and progesterone effect which can mimic like a malignancy will be illustrated. A careful history, meticulous scanning, close monitoring, and histopathological correlation is invaluable to identify these complications in a known fibroadenoma and thus guide in the appropriate management of these lesions.
Correlation between Cranial Base, Mandible, and Hyoid Bone Position in Different Anteroposterior Skeletal Malocclusions: A Cephalometric Study
Authors: Sadik Jaffer , Shetty Akhil 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Development of malocclusion can be promptly recognized through an understanding of the optimal position of the bone structures in the orofacial system and their relationship to the cranial base and jaw base. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the cranial base, mandible, and hyoid bone in different anteroposterior skeletal malocclusions.
Materials and Methods This retrospective study evaluated 120 lateral cephalometric radiographs of individuals aged between 15 and 30 years. The subjects were classified using Burstone's analysis into three groups based on the N perpendicular to point A and N perpendicular to point B. The collected lateral cephalograms of the selected individuals were analyzed using Nemoceph v.12 software (Nemotec, Spain). The nasion-sella-articulare (NSAr), hyoidale angle (C3HyD), sella-articulare-hyoid angle (SArHy), and nasion-sella-hyoid (NSHy) angles were measured and compared among all the three groups.
Results In the present study, considering the various angles among the three study groups, a statistically significant difference was observed for the SArHy angle (p < 0.05). However, the saddle angle (NSAr) and hyoidale angle (C3HyD) showed no statistically significant difference between the three study groups. Post hoc Bonferroni test was applied to compare the differences between two groups. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed between class I and class II and between class II and class III groups.
Conclusion Though the findings of the present study concluded that there is no variation in saddle angle among the three groups, the significant association of SArHy angle among class I, class II, and class III skeletal relationships, suggests an adaptation of the hyoid bone position in various skeletal patterns. We also suggest that the posterior positioning of the hyoid bone is related to skeletal class II malocclusion, whereas a forward positioning of the hyoid bone is related to skeletal class III malocclusion.
Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Homoeopathic Dilutions of Myristica sebifera against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Shaw Niharika , Singh Supriya , Paul Subhrajit , V. Kumaravel , M. Raja 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background The Anti-Microbial Resistance (AMR) has trend of increasing morbidity and mortality affecting the management of variety of infectious disorders in humans. Our skin is native to the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, which is also a frequent source of infections in both the general population and healthcare settings. On the other side, Myristica sebifera is known for its great antiseptic activity in Homoeopathy.
Objective This study was aimed to explore the phytoconstituents & antimicrobial activity of Homoeopathic preparation of Myristica sebifera 12C, 30C & 200C.
Materials and Methods Myristica sebifera 12C, 30C & 200C were tested for identification of its phytoconstituents and antimicrobial activity was evaluated following Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion (KBDD) method according to clinical and laboratory standard (CLSIM44 A) with slight modifications. The diameter of zone of inhibition was measured and compared with Gentamicin (Positive Control) & Alcohol (62% & 91% as Negative Controls). The experiment was performed thrice to check the accuracy and reproducibility.
Result Myristica sebifera 12C & 30C showed maximum zone of inhibition up to (10.33 ± 1.52 & 11.67 ± 1.52 respectively) against Staphylococcus aureus when compared to control (Alcohol 62% & 91%) as 6.00 ± 0.00.
Conclusion Phytochemical studies showed presence of alkaloids and carbohydrate in Myristica sebifera 12C and 30C. The maximum percentage of zone of inhibition (94%) was found in Myristica sebifera 30C followed by Myristica sebifera 12C (72%). This antimicrobial study suggests that Myristica sebifera 12C & 30C could be helpful for treating the disorders caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
The factors affecting people’s willingness in participating in and paying for upgrading their seats from the economy class to the premium class
Authors: Kuo Chung-Wei , Jou Rong-Chang , Chiu Yi-Chun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs information technology develops rapidly and network information becomes more and more transparent, it is urgent for airlines to increase their flight carrying rates through marketing to maximize profits before take-off. While the seat bidding strategy has been one of the business models adopted by many airlines in recent years, it has not been implemented yet in Taiwan’s airlines. In order to understand the seat bidding behavior of passengers, this study adopted the double-hurdle model to explore the factors affecting passengers’ participation in seat bidding and calculated the prices they were willing to pay. Moreover, this study investigated the effects of long and short flight distances on passengers’ participation in seat bidding and the prices they were willing to pay for either flight distance. According to the results, the factors affecting the participation of passengers in seat bidding were different for long-distance and short-distance trips, while a common factor between them was that young people and passengers with preliminary knowledge of such activities were more willing to participate. According to the analysis on the prices people were willing to pay, the price difference that passengers of long-haul flights and short-haul flights were willing to pay for upgrades was about 55 and 24% of the reference price, respectively. The information obtained in this study can serve as a reference for future research or for airlines.
Concave-convex effect of financial resilience on corporate financial performance: quantile regression approach
Authors: Zhang XueHui , Wu Kun-Shan , He Mingwen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study not only aims to elucidate the curvilinear nexus between financial resilience (FR) and corporate financial performance (CFP) by drawing on the ‘too much of a good thing (TMGT)’ and ‘too little of a good thing (TLGT)’ effect but also attempts to examine whether the nonlinear relationship explains the conflicts found in previous findings. Data were analyzed from Taiwan publicly listed manufacturing firms amid the COVID-19 epidemic. Quantile regression approach results evidence that relationship between FR and CFP is of a concave-convex pattern. Moreover, the environmentally sensitive and non-sensitive firms are linked to CFP differently. The nexus between FR and CFP is concave for the environmentally sensitive firms, whereas the FR-CFP nexus is concave-convex for the environmentally non-sensitive firms. Overall, Taiwan’s manufacturing firms should carefully evaluate how capital is allocated to FR to avoid under- or over-investment in FR.
Vertical molecular transistors: a new strategy towards practical quantum devices
Authors: Hayakawa Ryoma , Wakayama Yutaka 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Considerable effort has been dedicated to improving molecular devices since they were initially proposed by Aviram and Ratner in 1974. Organic molecules are small and have discrete molecular orbitals. These features can facilitate fascinating quantum transport phenomena, such as single-carrier tunneling, resonant tunneling, and quantum interference. The effective gate modulation of these quantum transport phenomena holds the promise of realizing a new computing architecture that differs from that of current Si electronics. In this article, we review the recent research progress on molecular transistors, specifically vertical molecular transistors (VMTs). First, we discuss the benefits of VMTs for future molecular-scale transistors compared with the currently dominant lateral molecular transistors. Subsequently, we describe representative examples of VMTs, where single molecules, self-assembled monolayers, and isolated molecules are used as transistor channels. Finally, we present our conclusions and perspectives about the use of VMTs for attractive quantum devices.
PDS-MAR: a fine-grained projection-domain segmentation-based metal artifact reduction method for intraoperative CBCT images with guidewires
Authors: Lyu Tianling , Wu Zhan , Ma Gege , Jiang Chen , Zhong Xinyun , Xi Yan , Chen Yang , Zhu Wentao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. Since the invention of modern Computed Tomography (CT) systems, metal artifacts have been a persistent problem. Due to increased scattering, amplified noise, and limited-angle projection data collection, it is more difficult to suppress metal artifacts in cone-beam CT, limiting its use in human- and robot-assisted spine surgeries where metallic guidewires and screws are commonly used. Approach. To solve this problem, we present a fine-grained projection-domain segmentation-based metal artifact reduction (MAR) method termed PDS-MAR, in which metal traces are augmented and segmented in the projection domain before being inpainted using triangular interpolation. In addition, a metal reconstruction phase is proposed to restore metal areas in the image domain. Main results. The proposed method is tested on both digital phantom data and real scanned cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data. It achieves much-improved quantitative results in both metal segmentation and artifact reduction in our phantom study. The results on real scanned data also show the superiority of this method. Significance. The concept of projection-domain metal segmentation would advance MAR techniques in CBCT and has the potential to push forward the use of intraoperative CBCT in human-handed and robotic-assisted minimal invasive spine surgeries.
A magnetorheological vibration absorber with bidirectional tunability for pipelines
Authors: Xie Yuanpeng , Fu Jie , Zhu Mi , Qi Song , Tian Ruixue , Yu Miao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) is employed as a tunable stiffness element in a dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) due to its remarkable magnetic tunability. However, the natural frequency of the MRE-based DVA can only be tuned towards high frequency under magnetic fields, which fails to solve, or even exacerbates, the low-frequency pipeline vibration. To tackle this issue, an innovative DVA (H-DVA) with bidirectional magnetic tunability is proposed in this paper. The hard magnetic MRE filled by NdFeB particles is selected as the core tunable stiffness element in H-DVA. Besides, the discretization distribution design scheme for the mass oscillators is adopted to improve the flexibility of H-DVA. Then, the magnetic field simulation and resonance frequency shifting test of H-DVA under different magnetic fields are completed to validate the bidirectional magnetic tunability. Lastly, the vibration absorption effect is verified in a self-established experimental pipeline system. The experiment results demonstrate that the resonance frequency of the proposed H-DVA exhibites a maximum frequency shift of approximately −2.7 Hz under reversed magnetic field. Compared to H-DVA working in zero field state, the acceleration magnitude of the pipeline vibration is further reduced by 8.8% when applying −1.5 A to the H-DVA under 55 Hz excitation. Similarly, the acceleration magnitude is further reduced by 22.2% when applying 2 A to the H-DVA under 85 Hz excitation. Thus, these findings confirm that the H-DVA proposed in this paper not only achieves the bidirectional magnetic tunability, but also improves the vibration absorption effect for pipeline vibration.
The discrete canonical commutation relationship
Authors: Martínez-Pérez Armando , Torres-Vega Gabino 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We use non-standard finite differences to propose a quantum momentum operator to be used when the spectrum of the operator is discrete. The defined discrete operator complies with the discrete versions of the properties that the continuous variable operator has. The discrete derivative is exact for its eigenfunction, that is, exponential functions. We obtain the discrete adjoint of the momentum operator. The canonical commutation relationship between conjugate operators for discrete variables is diagonal along a particular direction.