bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERCEPTIONS AND EXPERIENCES OF FAMILY CAREGIVERS OF OLDER FIRST-GENERATION CHINESE AMERICANS WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Hsu Erh-Chi , Tsai Jenny Hsin-Chun , Spigner Clarence , Chim Kannie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Family caregivers of individuals with dementia are precious assets whose health is related to the health of their care recipients. First-generation Chinese American older adults are a growing population; the research about their family caregivers’ experience is scarce. Guided by the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) framework, this study examined how the Chinese sociocultural background shapes family caregivers’ perception of dementia, caring behaviors, and caring experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected from 16 family caregivers through one-on-one interviews in three languages with the thematic analysis applied. Findings indicated most caregivers could not differentiate dementia from natural cognitive degeneration. Despite the unclarity, the cultural value of filial respect essentially obligated caregivers to unconditionally devote their time and efforts to provide care. Individual coping skills toward care burden were associated with their knowledge, attitude, access to supportive families/friends and reliable community-based organizations (CBOs), and access to government social services. The care recipients’ motivation and functional status affected the difficulty of providing care. The pandemic disturbed families’ care plans and limited community activities. In addition, the heightened Asian xenophobia atmosphere raised concerns for caregivers to be outdoors. Implications for practice include providing culturally appropriate educational resources on dementia care and incorporating CBOs to promote governmental service referral. Larger studies for Chinese American older adults born outside the US and studies of dementia care burden on their family caregivers’ health are needed to address social and health inequities for historically marginalized cohorts.
THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG VOLUNTEERING, EVERYDAY DISCRIMINATION, AND LIFE SATISFACTION IN TWO AGE GROUPS
Authors: Shen Huei-wern , Wang Yi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Experiencing discrimination is known to bring life dissatisfaction across different life stages. While volunteering benefits older adults in many aspects, including life satisfaction, the interplay among discrimination, volunteering, and life satisfaction in different age groups is unknown. To explore such relationships, the present study included a subsample of 5791 respondents who were 51+ from the 2016 Health and Retirement Study; among them, 3191 were 65 years (older group) and older and 2600 were between 51 and 64 years old (younger group). Volunteering referred to doing unpaid work for religious, educational, health-related, or other charitable organizations. Discrimination was measured by the six-item Everyday Discrimination Scale (e.g. In your day-to-day life, how often are you treated with less courtesy or respect than other people) and was dummy-coded due to skewness (never experienced vs. ever experienced). Controlling for health-related variables (e.g., ADLs/IADLs), SES (e.g., income), contextual features (e.g., urban/rural), and sociodemographics (e.g., gender, race), findings from multiple multivariate linear regression models showed that in the overall sample, discrimination was negatively associated with life satisfaction whereas volunteering promotes it. When considering the role volunteering played in the relationships between discrimination and life satisfaction, volunteering in the younger group did not mediate the negative relationship between discrimination and life satisfaction. Volunteering in the older group, however, significantly mitigated the negative impacts of discrimination on life satisfaction. Results highlight the possible extended benefits of volunteering in old age. Future research considering the health impacts of different types and levels of volunteering will be discussed.
DON’T SAY GAY: LGBTQIA+ INCLUSION ON LONG-TERM CARE AND ASSISTED LIVING FACILITIES’ WEBPAGES
Authors: Maier Julie , Pickett Andrew 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Many LGBTQIA+ older adults experience a variety of health disparities resulting from a lifetime of minority stress. Due to experiences of discrimination, isolation, and stigmatization, LGBTQIA+ populations have higher rates of depressive symptomology and anxiety, as well as substance abuse when compared to heterosexual, cis-gender peers. They are also more likely to experience social isolation and have a lower average socioeconomic status. For older LGBTQIA+ adults who depend on long-term care, relative levels of facility inclusiveness have the potential to mitigate or exacerbate poor health outcomes. This study examines public signals of LGBTQIA+ inclusion by assisted living and long-term care facilities in the state of Indiana. Data was collected from a stratified-random sample of 100 long term care facilities, located in rural (n = 14), mixed (n = 24), and urban (n = 62) counties in Indiana. Each facility’s website was reviewed for the presence of LGBTQIA+ inclusion, operationalized as inclusive images, symbols, messages, anti-discrimination policies, and equal opportunity employment statements or logos. The most observed signals were statements or logos indicating non-discrimination, including fair housing policies (59%) and equal opportunity employment messages (32%). These policies were most common among facilities that were part of a larger ownership group. Non-policy LGBTQIA+ inclusion symbols were rare (1%) and included a blog post with tips on finding an LGBTQIA+ inclusive care community. Findings suggest an overall dearth of LGBTQIA+ inclusive signals among older adult care facilities in Indiana.
SCIENCE AND CARE PARTNERSHIPS: THE ROLE OF THE SCIENTIFIC LINKING PIN RESEARCHER
Authors: Devi Reena , Everink Irma , Urlings Judith , Griffiths Alys , Verbeek Hilde , Haunch Kirsty , Spilsbury Karen , Hamers Jan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Science and care partnerships work on promoting quality of life, care and work in long-term-care (LTC) settings. The Scientific Linking Pin (SLP) is an academic employed by a university and works one day per week in a LTC organisation. The SLP role is pivotal to the success of partnerships; the nature of this role has not yet been captured.

Methods
Fifteen SLPs took part in semi-structured interviews. Data were thematically analysed.

Results
Data are presented over two themes. The first theme, the SLP experience, outlines that SLPs have rich insights into what matters to, and the challenges experienced in LTC organisations. SLPs are well positioned to impact practice, and develop their professional careers. SLPs do experience doubts and insecurities and require mentorship/supervision. The second theme, navigating in a SLP role, outlines the multifaceted tasks involved: relationship building, raising awareness, identifying priorities, generating research questions, building committees, brokering knowledge, developing research studies, generating academic output, building links and connections, and assisting with internal projects. The challenges SLPs face in their work include mistrust and poor engagement from care staff, working with staff from different professional backgrounds, research not being a priority, multiple and rapidly changing priorities, and differences in expectations. Relationship building, creating a ‘safe’ space for care staff, building engagement, and expectation management helped to address these challenges.

Conclusion
Partnership working in the care sector is gaining international recognition and adoption. This study described one key role that contributes to the success of the partnership model: the SLP.
EFFICACY OF A HOME-BASED EXERCISE PROGRAM “SENIOR FIT” FOR OLDER ADULTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Hyun Kate , Lee Kathy , Lervisit Vina , Vanhoose Kimberly , Gu Xiangli , Saha Troyee , Jobaidul Boni , Liegey-Dougall Angela 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
With elevated awareness and concerns of infectious diseases such as COVID-19, the importance of overall health and wellbeing has been highlighted. More than 25% of older adults, including individuals with underlying health conditions, did not maintain the same intensity of physical activity during the pandemic. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of a home-based exercise program, Senior Fit, for older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Senior Fit employs conventional behavior boosting approaches to promote physical activities and reduce sedentary behaviors. Older adults (N = 58) participated in the program and completed a weekly set of exercises for eight weeks. We conducted in-depth, individual interviews with 53 participants and identified four themes related to the program: (1) positive perceptions on the structure, (2) individual variances in their overall experience, (3) perceived benefits, and (4) feedback on human interactions. The participants appreciated the structure, especially following schedules provided and using paper forms to track their activities. However, some complained the program was too easy while others thought the program was too challenging. Overall, the participants discussed physical benefits (e.g., weight loss, established exercise habits) and emotional benefits (e.g., better mood, motivations). They suggested the importance of creating an inclusive and interactive environment. Many discussed the importance of the interactions with the research team as well as other participants to stay motivated in the program during the pandemic. These findings highlighted the need to involve participant stakeholders in the development of programs to increase physical activity in older adults.
LEARNING FROM THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTEGRATED COMMUNITY-BASED PROGRAMS FOR OLDER ADULTS WITH HIGHER NEEDS
Authors: Symes Bobbi , Lalji Kahir 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Three demonstration projects of integrated community-based programs for older adults with higher needs were implemented in British Columbia over 2020 to 2023: 1) Social Prescribing (SP, n=19 programs), 2) Therapeutic Activation Programs for Seniors (TAPS, n=15 programs), and 3) Family and Friend Caregiver Groups (FFCG, n=16 programs). This presentation reports on findings on the programs’ design and implementation based on data collected via interviews and surveys of program staff. Since inception, the total number of unique participants programs have served is 1,078 for TAPS, 1,900 for FFCG, and 1,397 for SP. The majority of clients have been long-term clients receiving services for 3 or more months. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, 80% of programs reported they had shifted their focus during their first year of operations in response to emergent pandemic needs, thus impacting their start-up and initial intake of clients. The flexibility provided to programs to pivot to offering needed supports during the height of the pandemic was considered an important success. Across all types of programs, client who were socially isolated or lacked social supports were perceived as one of the groups who benefited the most from the programs. Programs reported that their relationships with community-based organizations, primary care networks, and home and community care were strengthened and over three-quarters had formed at least three new partnerships. A variety of facilitating (e.g., leveraging pre-existing relationships) and limiting factors (e.g., awareness of programs and obtaining referrals) were identified that have affected the success of program implementation.
WHEN POLICY INTENTIONS GO ASTRAY: THE DEPLOYMENT OF HOME CARE AND HOME SUPPORT MARKET TOOLS IN FRANCE AND QUEBEC
Authors: Marier Patrik , Trabut Loïc 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Using Gingrich’s (2011) typology of welfare markets, this contribution studies the selection and enactment of market tools in two different jurisdictions (France and Quebec). Quebec represents a classic example of a managed market with regional health authorities (CISSS/CIUSSS) seeking the lower the cost of long-term care by contracting services to community groups and the private sector. These contractual agents have gradually replaced health and social care professionals within the public system. France has opted to enact a consumer driven market with the introduction of the allocation personnalisée d’autonomie (APA) which provides cash benefits to eligible older adults who can then select the provider of their choice. Both of these market reforms are compared and analyzed across three types of territories : rural (Finistère and Bas-St-Laurent), urban (Paris and Montreal), and in industrial decline (Somme and Mauricie). Despite operating within highly differentiated long-term care policy frameworks and market tools, both jurisdictions face similar difficulties in the enactment of market mechanisms. For instance, rural territories fail to generate sufficient providers to develop a market where a regional health authority (Quebec) or older adults (France) can actually select a provider and negotiate terms of service. Public authorities must then intervene to generate market-like conditions. Regardless of the jurisdiction, the conceptualization of market mechanism has clearly an urban setting in mind making them ill-suited for other environment and there is gradual movement towards the development of austerity market where individuals are forced to seek alternatives beyond the market tools deployed by governments.
DESIGN NEEDS AND PERCEPTIONS OF OLDER ADULTS REGARDING SHARED-USE AUTOMATED VEHICLES
Authors: Lam Justin , O’Rourke Tarryn , Bowman Caitlin , D’Souza Clive 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Many communities struggle to provide safe, accessible, and reliable transportation services for older adults due to high demand, rising costs, driver shortages, and other evolving challenges. Innovative transportation solutions are needed to support the current and future populations of older adults. Low-speed, shared-use, driverless shuttles present an exciting development in automated vehicle (AV) technology with potential to meet mobility needs of older adults in their community. Understanding older adults’ perceptions about and willingness to consider using these emerging modes of transportation is vital to realizing the full potential of these technologies. This presentation summarizes an in-person study conducted with 12 older (average: 66 +/- 4 years of age, range: 60 to 80 years) and 10 younger (average: 44 +/- 11 years) adults that evaluated a stationary, proof-of-concept shared-use AV retrofitted with accessibility features. We will present findings on perceptions regarding accessibility, safety, and willingness to use driverless AVs along with human factors design recommendations. While questionnaire-based studies have been the dominant approach to understanding older adults’ perceptions about shared-use AVs, in-person evaluations even with prototype AVs as described here, provide opportunities to identify goals, needs and preferences of older adults concerning usability and safety in early design stages, and through hands-on exploration help older adults develop good mental models, i.e., understand AV capabilities and limitations, towards building trust and acceptance for these emerging modes of transportation. Research and policy implications will be discussed towards enabling emerging driverless shared-use AV technologies that support safe and independent community mobility for older adults.
INFLUENCE OF NEGATIVE ATTITUDES TOWARD VOLUNTEER ACTIVITIES ON MENTAL HEALTH STATUS: THE REPRINTS STUDY
Authors: Fujiwara Yoshinori , Takahashi Tomoya , Murayama Hiroshi , Fujihira Kyoko , Fujita Koji , Yamashita Mariko , Matsunaga Hiroko , Suzuki Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Although social engagement activities can help older adults maintain mental health status, whether negative attitudes toward volunteering influence poor mental health status due to psychological burdens has not been clarified. This study examined negative influence of intergenerational picture-book reading program “REPRINTS” on older volunteers’ attitudes to volunteering activities to clarify its impact on their mental health status. A questionnaire mail survey was conducted for 481 volunteers, ≥55 years, in 12 municipalities across Japan in 2020. Of the 423 respondents (87.9%), 266 responded to the follow-up survey, conducted from November 2021 to February 2022. Mental health status was assessed by WHO-5J; a score of less than 13 was regarded as poor mental health status. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed on the responses of 220 women, aged 65–84 years, with WHO-5J (good ≥13 points; poor &lt; 13 points) at follow-up as the dependent variable. Participants were asked about their positive and negative attitudes toward volunteer activities using a four-point scale (disagree to agree), and the scores were operationally summed up after converting them into a negative attitude score. Subjective health (healthy/unhealthy), age, WHO-5J score, and continuous years of activity at baseline were entered as adjustment variables. Sixty-four (29.1%) participants had a WHO-5J score of &lt; 13 at baseline. Logistic regression analysis with WHO-5J as the dependent variable showed that the adjusted odds ratio for negative awareness scores was 1.06 (95% CI: 1.00-1.12). In conclusion, negative attitudes toward volunteer activities were suggested to have a significant influence on mental health status.
LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF EDUCATION ON LATE-LIFE DEPRESSION OF RURAL WOMEN IN CHINA
Authors: Hu Lynn 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Despite the noted association between educational attainment and mental health, there is considerable debate on whether this relationship is causal. Up to now, there are only a few studies using credible estimation strategies to examine the causal impact of education on mental health, and almost no evidence exists for low and middle-income developing countries from regions like Asia. This is concerning given that mental health problems and late-life depression are growing in the Asian population, especially for women and rural residents. In this paper, I aim to fill the gap by examining the long-term causal effect of additional educational attainment on the depressive symptoms of rural women in China. Using Harmonized CHARLS data, I leveraged the sudden end of the Chinese Cultural Revolution in 1976 as an exogenous shock to education, and employed both event study and regression discontinuity designs to estimate its causal effect on late-life depressive symptoms. Results show a protective effect of education for the rural women who stayed in rural areas, and a negative impact of education on the urbanized rural women. The impacts are likely to be mediated by childhood adversities (being poor and unhealthy), marriage status (being widowed), and disability status (difficulty in performing activities necessary for independent living). The proposed research will be the first study to examine the causal effect of education on the mental health of the Chinese population. It will add to the existing literature by providing evidence from underdeveloped regions in Asian countries and offering insights for future policymaking.
PERSON-CENTERED CARE WHEN OLDER ADULTS WITH DEMENTIA AND THEIR FAMILY CAREGIVERS HOLD DIFFERENT CARE PRIORITIES
Authors: Quach Emma , Azar Martina , Kennedy Katherine , Dawson Catherine , Hawley Chelsea 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In person-centered care, clinicians develop care plans that incorporate “what matters most” to patients (i.e., their priorities, concerns, and preferences), a process complicated when patients’ family caregivers have their unique priorities. To investigate care planning with patients with dementia and their family caregivers, we audio-recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed 4 medical visits dually attended in 2022 by older patients with dementia and their spousal/adult child caregiver(s). In these visits clinicians asked both about their priorities/concerns, which mostly complemented but sometimes conflicted with each other. Older adults’ priorities related mostly to social activities and minimally to health care, emphasizing continuity. Older adults strived to resume past social activities (farmer’s market), continue enjoyable life-long activities (sports), maintain non-problematic medication regimens, and retain the same home health nurse. Caregivers’ priorities focused on emergent physical problems (patient’s worsening memory and leg pain), service access, and care coordination. When older adult and caregiver priorities did not conflict, clinicians incorporated priorities from both sources into care plans (initiated referrals for farmer’s market). When older adults and caregivers’ priorities conflicted (exercise), clinicians simultaneously acknowledged family caregiver’s concerns, expressed their (clinician) views, honored older adults’ preferences, and invited them to re-assess such preferences in future medical visits. By asking “what matters most” to both patients and their family caregivers, clinicians gain rich insights about both parties to guide care planning. Future research should examine care planning with more dementia dyads to identify care planning practices that promote both patient and caregiver outcomes and ultimately enable aging in place.
PILOTING COMMUNICATION TOOLS TO ENHANCE RESIDENT/FAMILY ENGAGEMENT IN NURSING HOMES CARE CONFERENCES
Authors: Li Jingxi , Roscizewski Alexa , Warthen Terra , Cox Elizabeth , Roberts Tonya 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Nursing home (NH) regulations mandate resident and family engagement in care planning. Additionally, our previous research indicated residents/families want to be involved in care decisions. Care conferences are an important opportunity for residents/families to engage in decision-making. However, there is a lack of guidance or tools to support their engagement and a dearth of research on the most effective approaches to doing so. This study aimed to pilot test a family engagement intervention using resident, family, and staff communication tools that refocus the agenda of care conferences to topics identified as important by residents/families. The feasibility of the intervention was evaluated using a pre/post-implementation design and a preliminary analysis of effects was performed. A total of 16 (n=8 pre; n=8 post-implementation) care conferences (average length ~22min) were observed, audio-recorded, and coded using the Roter Interaction Analysis System and our prior engagement coding schemas. Frequencies of engagement outcomes were compared pre- and post-implementation using Mann-Whitney U and Fisher’s exact tests. Results suggest participants found the intervention valuable for care planning. The agenda and focus of care conferences also shifted to topics residents/families deemed important. Levels of engagement in relationship building and information exchange generally trended in a positive direction. Resident/family agenda setting was significantly higher after implementation (p=0.001). This study provides important insights into enhancing resident/family engagement in decision-making and suggests incorporating communication tools into care conferences may promote resident/family engagement. Future studies using randomized controlled trial designs and larger samples should be conducted to further evaluate effects.