bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dermoscopic Features of Cutaneous Vasculitis
Authors: Karstarli Bakay Ozge Sevil , Kacar Nida , Gonulal Melis , Calli Demirkan Nese , Cenk Hülya , Goksin Sule , Gural Yunus 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Dermoscopy has become widespread in the diagnosis of inflammatory skin diseases. Cutaneous vasculitis (CV) is characterized by inflammation of vessels, and a rapid and reliable technique is required for the diagnosis.
Objectives: We aimed to define CV dermoscopic features and increase the diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopy with machine learning (ML) methods.
Methods: Eighty-nine patients with clinically suspected CV were included in the study. Dermoscopic images were obtained before biopsy using a polarized dermoscopy. Dermoscopic images were independently evaluated, and interobserver variability was calculated. Decision Tree, Random Forest, and K-Nearest Neighbors were used as ML classification models.
Results: The histopathological diagnosis of 58 patients was CV. Three patterns were observed: homogeneous pattern, mottled pattern, and meshy pattern. There was a significant difference in background color between the CV and non-CV groups (P = 0.001). The milky red and livedoid background color were specific markers in the differential diagnosis of CV (sensitivity 56.7%, specificity 96.3%, sensitivity 29.4%, specificity 99.2%, respectively). Red blotches were significantly more common in CV lesions (P = 0.038). Red dots, comma vessels, and scales were more common in the non-CV group (P = 0.002, P = 0.002, P = 0.003, respectively). Interobserver agreement was very good for both pattern (???? = 0.869) and background color analysis (???? = 0.846) (P < 0.001). According to ML classifiers, the background color and lack of scales were the most significant dermoscopic aspects of CV.
Conclusions: Dermoscopy may guide as a rapid and reliable technique in CV diagnosis. High accuracy rates obtained with ML methods may increase the success of dermoscopy.
Comparison of the Efficacies of Topical Liposomal Amphotericin B and Topical Clotrimazole in the Treatment of Pityriasis Versicolor
Authors: Ghahartars Mehdi , Hosseini Hossein , Khedri Malek , Sadati Maryam Sadat 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Pityriasis versicolor (PV) often exhibits recurrence even despite treatment, and a standardized therapy with a complete cure rate remains elusive. Given the fungicidal property of amphotericin B, its potential for PV treatment warrants investigation.
Objectives: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of topical liposomal amphotericin B and clotrimazole cream in treating PV.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 44 PV patients, aged 15 to 70 years, who were equally assigned to either the amphotericin or clotrimazole group. The trial was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials on March 7th, 2022. PV diagnosis was confirmed in all patients through positive microscopic results. The amphotericin group received topical gel containing liposomal amphotericin B 0.4%, while the other group received topical cream containing clotrimazole 1%. Both treatments were applied twice daily to the affected skin lesions for 14 days. The primary outcomes assessed were mycologic cure, clinical cure, and complete cure at day 14 post-treatment.
Results: Both drugs demonstrated successful treatment outcomes, with comparable rates of mycologic cure (77.3%), clinical cure (63.6%), and complete combined cure (63.6%). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the degree of cure (P=0.75). Adjustments for age, sex, lesion extent, and lesion site yielded insignificant risk ratio and risk difference estimates for the complete cure rate (P>0.05).
Conclusions: The topical application of liposomal amphotericin B 0.4% is equally effective as topical clotrimazole 1% in treating pityriasis versicolor. These findings suggest that liposomal amphotericin B could be considered as a viable alternative treatment for PV. Further research is warranted to explore its long-term consequences and safety profile.
مشكلات الكتابة العربية وحلولها لطلاب الصف السابع بالمدرسة المتوسطة الاسلامية الأهلية "السلام" بانجيلان طوبان
Authors: Aqna Ainaini 
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the errors in Arabic writing among 7th-grade students at MTS As-Salam. Arabic language plays a crucial role in understanding and using Islamic religious texts and is one of the key subjects in secondary schools. However, many students face difficulties in learning Arabic, especially in writing.
The research was conducted using an error analysis method. Data were obtained from the writings of 7th-grade students at MTS As-Salam throughout one semester. The results of this analysis provide an overview of the types of errors commonly made by students in Arabic writing, as well as their contributing factors.
Based on the research findings, several common types of errors were identified, such as errors in using Arabic letters (huruf hijaiyah), punctuation, affixes, and sentence structures. These errors may hinder the comprehension and interpretation of the texts they write. Contributing factors to these errors include a lack of understanding of Arabic writing rules, insufficient practical writing exercises, and the influence of different native languages.
Therefore, further efforts are needed to improve the quality of Arabic language teaching at MTS As-Salam. Teachers should provide more practical exercises in Arabic writing and offer a deeper understanding of writing rules. Additionally, collaboration between teachers and parents is essential to help students enhance their Arabic language skills outside the school environment.
This research is expected to make a positive contribution in understanding and addressing Arabic writing errors among 7th-grade students at MTS As-Salam. By identifying common errors and their causes, it is hoped that the school can implement more effective learning strategies focused on enhancing students' Arabic language proficiency.
PENGARUH KEPUASAN KERJA, MOTIVASI KERJA, DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI TERHADAP TURNOVER INTENTION KARYAWAN DI RUMAH SAKIT BERSALIN (RSB) AVISENA
Authors: Sadikin Mochamad Rizki , Junaedi Junaedi , Syamsunasir Syamsunasir , Yasmin Yasmin 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh kepuasan kerja, motivasi kerja, dan komitmen organisasi terhadap turnover intention. Pelajaran dari keinginan karyawan untuk keluar dari sebuah perusahaan, khususnya dari perspektif karyawan Rumah Sakit Bersalin AVISENA. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan menggunakan desain konklusif, bertipe kausal, dengan metode kuantitatif dan survey. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah sampling jenuh dan data dianalisis dengan SEM-PLS menggunakan bantuan SmartPLS 3.0. Data diambil dengan memberikan self-administered questionnaire (SAQ) kepada 59 responden. Responden adalah karyawan Rumah Sakit Bersalin AVISENA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel kepuasan kerja, motivasi kerja, dan komitmen organisasi berpengaruh negatif terhadap turnover intention.
Kata kunci: Kepuasan Kerja, Motivasi Kerja, Komitmen Organisasi, Turnover Intention, Rumah Sakit Bersalin.
El rendimiento académico universitario durante la pandemia. Un análisis comparativo entre las calificaciones y las percepciones del profesorado
Authors: Bethencourt-Aguilar Anabel , Sosa-Alonso Juan-José , Castellanos-Nieves Dagoberto , Area-Moreira Manuel 
Published: January 2024

We present the results obtained in an empirical study whose objectives were: a) to analyse the academic grades of students obtained in the pandemic period and compare them with those of previous years in the same university institution (University of La Laguna) and, b) to relate the results obtained from the analysis of performance (understood as grades) with the subjectivities or perceptions of the teaching staff (collected by means of a specific questionnaire applied contingently to the pandemic). The grades of all students enrolled in master's degrees in the 3 academic years immediately prior to the pandemic (academic years 2016/17, 2017/18 and 2018/19), those of the academic year of the pandemic (2019/20) and the one immediately after (2020/21) were accessed. There is a "COVID-19" effect on academic grades with significant differences in 2019/20 compared to previous years, with a tendency to recover the pre-existing from the 2020/21 academic year onwards, but this differs depending on the degree course. The confirmation of the overall and differential effect is qualified with the complementary study of the perceptions of the teaching staff. Different perceptions of the effect on academic performance are found among teaching staff depending on the degree programmes, explained by different assessments of their technical difficulties, the development of teaching or the way in which the assessment was implemented.
Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en un estudio empírico cuyos objetivos eran: a) analizar las calificaciones académicas del alumnado obtenidas en el periodo pandémico y compararlas con las de cursos anteriores en una misma institución universitaria (Universidad de La Laguna) y, b) relacionar los resultados obtenidos del análisis de rendimiento (entendido como calificaciones) con las subjetividades o percepciones del profesorado (recogidas mediante cuestionario específico aplicado contingentemente a la pandemia). Se accedió a las calificaciones de todo el alumnado matriculado en másteres en los 3 cursos inmediatamente anteriores al de la pandemia (cursos 2016/17, 2017/18 y 2018/19), los del curso de la pandemia (2019/20) y el inmediatamente posterior (2020/21). Se constata un efecto “COVID-19” en las calificaciones académicas con diferencias significativas en el año 2019/20 frente a anteriores años, con tendencia a recuperar lo preexistente a partir del curso 2020/21, pero difiere según la titulación. La constatación del efecto global y diferencial se matiza con el estudio complementario de las percepciones del profesorado. Se constatan percepciones distintas del profesorado según titulaciones acerca del efecto sobre el rendimiento académico, explicadas por diferentes apreciaciones de sus dificultades técnicas, el desarrollo de la docencia o la forma en que se implementó la evaluación.
Analysis of Characteristics and Typology of Mapili Watershed West Sulawesi Province
Authors: Wahyudi Wahyudi Isnan , Wahyudi Wahyudi Isnan , Hasnawir Hasnawir Hasnawir 
Published: January 2024

The multisectoral, multidisciplinary, multi-stakeholder and multidimensional watersheds problems are the consequences of multifunctional watersheds. The complexity of these problems demanding a system and management approach that appropriate with the characteristics and typology of the watershed. This study aims to analyze the characteristics and typology of Mapili watershed West Sulawesi Province. This research was conducted using surveys, primary, and secondary data collection. Application of geographic information system (GIS) with overlay maps and scoring was used. The results showed that Mapili biogeophysical characterization includes meteorology, morphology, morphometry, hydrology, watershed capability and socioeconomic, cultural and institutional characterization will influence the system of Mapili watershed management. Mapili watershed can be classified into two typology watershed, namely: typology II, which has a low total population density (97 people/km2) with high rainfall (>2500 mm/yr); and typology IV, which has a high total population density (377 people/km2) with low rainfall (<1500 mm/yr). Both typologies have different characteristics of watershed problems. Typology II is generally located in the central area and upstream Mapili and Typology IV are located in the downstream areas of Mapili watershed.
The Impact of Bank Internal and External Factors on the Commercial Bank’s Liquidity: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Rasheed Junaid , Abbas Zaheer 
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research is to identify internal and external factors affecting the liquidity of Pakistani banks. Bank balance sheets and income statements were used to calculate study variables. With panel data, the random effect method was used to analyze data from ten domestic and international commercial banks active in Pakistan from 2011 to 2020. This study has analyzed liquidity, which has been measured by two liquidity ratios cash and marketable securities to total assets liquidity 1 and loans to deposits liquidity 2. In the study, internal factors include bank size, return on assets, and cost of funds, capital adequacy, and non-performing loans. The external factors are GDP and inflation. In this study, bank size increased liquidity 1 and decreased liquidity 2, but both were significant. The return on assets liquidity 1 has increased significantly, but the return on assets liquidity 2 has increased insignificantly. The cost of funds has increased liquidity 1 and decreased liquidity 2 but has an insignificant effect on liquidity. The capital adequacy ratio has decreased significantly and insignificantly effect on both liquidities. Non-performing loans have increased liquidity 1 significantly and decreased liquidity 2 insignificantly. GDP has increased liquidity 1 significantly and decreased liquidity 2 insignificantly. Inflation has increased liquidity 1 significantly and decreased liquidity 2 insignificantly.
Formación profesional contextualizada en Economía para Directivos Empresariales
Authors: Cruz Montero Juan José , De la Rúa Batistapau Manuel de Jesus 
Published: January 2024

En las condiciones económicas pos COVID-19, es necesario contribuir a la reflexión sobre el papel de los directivos en la gestión económica-financiera para el logro de la eficiencia empresarial, así como sobre el papel que juega la capacitación de los directivos en estas materias. En este artículo se persigue como objetivo: presentar una propuesta, científicamente fundamentada, para la estructuración curricular de la capacitación en economía de los directivos, atemperada a las condiciones del modelo Económico y Social y aplicada en el sector azucarero cubano. De forma general se utilizaron los métodos de enfoque en sistema, el histórico lógico, las encuestas y la entrevista con directivos y docentes involucrados directamente en la preparación económica y se ratificó la necesidad de que la capacitación económica a directivos debe ser reajustada a la nueva normalidad y a su impacto. Como resultados se presenta una síntesis del diagnóstico que demuestra la necesidad de la propuesta, la conceptualización de tres términos operacionales imprescindibles y la propuesta de estructuración curricular para la capacitación en economía de los directivos que se caracteriza por ser flexible, contextualizada y sistémica. Su validación teórica se realizó mediante el criterio de expertos y en la práctica se valida mediante la prospección de escenarios, ambas demuestran su factibilidad. La conclusión final más importante es que una estructuración curricular de la capacitación de directivos; sistémica, flexible, contextualizada, estructurada por niveles y que utiliza rutas de capacitación, reúne las condiciones para satisfacer las exigencias del modelo económico y social nacional.
PENANAMAN BIBIT SAYUR SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN STUNTING DI KAMPUNG GEGERANG, KECAMATAN JAGONG JEGET, KABUPATEN ACEH TENGAH
Authors: Pratama Muhammad Aji , Aulia M.Reza , Nurkahiran Nurkahiran , Agustiawan Agustiawan , Afriana Nurhayati , Jaya Jaya , Saragih Tiana 
Published: January 2024

Kampung Gegarang merupakan salah atu kampung di Kecamatan Jagong Jeget, Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Data stunting yang kami dapatkan menggunakan metode observasi lapangan, wawancara, sosialisasi.Upaya kami dalam menanggapi masalah stunting di Kampung Gegarang dengan cara melakukan penanaman bibit sayuran sebagai upaya pencegahan stunting di Kampung Gegarang
Association between lactic acidosis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome after cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Zheng Dan , Yu Guo-Liang , Zhou Yi-Ping , Zhang Qiao-Min , Wang Chun-Guo , Zhang Sheng 
Published: January 2024

Background
The relationship between hyperlactatemia and prognosis after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is controversial, and some studies ignore the presence of lactic acidosis in patients with severe hyperlactacemia. This study explored the association between lactic acidosis (LA) and the occurrence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) after cardiopulmonary bypass.

Methods
This study was a post hoc analysis of patients who underwent cardiac surgery between February 2017 and August 2018 and participated in a prospective study at Taizhou Hospital. The data were collected at: ICU admission (H0), and 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h after admission. Blood lactate levels gradually increased after CPB, peaking at H8 and then gradually decreasing. The patients were grouped as LA, hyperlactatemia (HL), and normal control (NC) based on blood test results 8 h after ICU admission. Basic preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative conditions were compared between the three groups, as well as postoperative perfusion and oxygen metabolism indexes.

Results
There were 22 (19%), 73 (64%), and 19 (17%) patients in the LA, HL, and NC groups, respectively. APACHE II (24h) and SOFA (24h) scores were the highest in the LA group (P < 0.05). ICU stay duration was the longest for the LA group (48.5 (42.5, 50) h), compared with the HL (27 (22, 48) h) and NC (27 (25, 46) h) groups (P = 0.012). The LA group had the highest incidence of MODS (36%), compared with the HL (14%) and NC (5%) groups (P = 0.015). In the LA group, the oxygen extraction ratio (O2ER) was lower (21.5 (17.05, 32.8)%) than in the HL (31.3 (24.8, 37.6)%) and the NC group (31.3 (29.0, 35.4) %) (P = 0.018). In the univariable analyses, patient age (OR = 1.054, 95% CI [1.003–1.109], P = 0.038), the LA group (vs. the NC group, (OR = 10.286, 95% CI [1.148–92.185], P = 0.037), and ΔPCO2 at H8 (OR = 1.197, 95% CI [1.022–1.401], P = 0.025) were risk factor of MODS after CPB.

Conclusions
We speculated that there was correlation between lactic acidosis and MODS after CPB. In addition, LA should be monitored intensively after CPB.
Static versus dynamic muscle modelling in extinct species: a biomechanical case study of the Australopithecus afarensis pelvis and lower extremity
Authors: Wiseman Ashleigh L.A. , Charles James P. , Hutchinson John R. 
Published: January 2024

The force a muscle generates is dependent on muscle structure, in which fibre length, pennation angle and tendon slack length all influence force production. Muscles are not preserved in the fossil record and these parameters must be estimated when constructing a musculoskeletal model. Here, we test the capability of digitally reconstructed muscles of the Australopithecus afarensis model (specimen AL 288-1) to maintain an upright, single-support limb posture. Our aim was to ascertain the influence that different architectural estimation methods have on muscle specialisation and on the subsequent inferences that can be extrapolated about limb function. Parameters were estimated for 36 muscles in the pelvis and lower limb and seven different musculoskeletal models of AL 288-1 were produced. These parameters represented either a ‘static’ Hill-type muscle model (n = 4 variants) which only incorporated force, or instead a ‘dynamic’ Hill-type muscle model with an elastic tendon and fibres that could vary force-length-velocity properties (n = 3 variants). Each muscle’s fibre length, pennation angle, tendon slack length and maximal isometric force were calculated based upon different input variables. Static (inverse) simulations were computed in which the vertical and mediolateral ground reaction forces (GRF) were incrementally increased until limb collapse (simulation failure). All AL 288-1 variants produced somewhat similar simulated muscle activation patterns, but the maximum vertical GRF that could be exerted on a single limb was not consistent between models. Three of the four static-muscle models were unable to support >1.8 times body weight and produced models that under-performed. The dynamic-muscle models were stronger. Comparative results with a human model imply that similar muscle group activations between species are needed to sustain single-limb support at maximally applied GRFs in terms of the simplified static simulations (e.g., same walking pose) used here. This approach demonstrated the range of outputs that can be generated for a model of an extinct individual. Despite mostly comparable outputs, the models diverged mostly in terms of strength.
Electrical stimulation promoting the angiogenesis in diabetic rat perforator flap through attenuating oxidative stress-mediated inflammation and apoptosis
Authors: Chen Cong , Li Xiaolu , Hu Yong , Chen Yuan , Wang Hongrui , Li Xian , Li Xiucun 
Published: January 2024

Background
Skin flap transplantation is one of the effective methods to treat the diabetes-related foot ulceration, but the intrinsic damage to vessels in diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to the necrosis of skin flaps. Therefore, the discovery of a non-invasive and effective approach for promoting the survival of flaps is of the utmost importance. Electrical stimulation (ES) promotes angiogenesis and increases the proliferation, migration, and elongation of endothelial cells, thus being a potential effective method to improve flap survival.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanism used by ES to effectively restore the impaired function of endothelial cells caused by diabetes.

Methods
A total of 79 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Gene and protein expression was assessed by PCR and western blotting, respectively. Immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin-eosin staining were performed to evaluate the morphology and density of the microvessels in the flap.

Results
The optimal duration for preconditioning the flap with ES was 7 days. The flap survival area percentage and microvessels density in the DMES group were markedly increased compared to the DM group. VEGF, MMP2, and MMP9 protein expression was significantly upregulated. ROS intensity was significantly decreased and GSH concentration was increased. The expression of IL-1β, MCP‑1, cleaved caspase-3, and Bax were downregulated in the DMES group, while TGF-β expression was upregulated.

Conclusions
ES improves the angiogenesis in diabetic ischemic skin flaps by attenuating oxidative stress–mediated inflammation and apoptosis, eventually increasing their viability.