bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of therapeutic drug monitoring of vancomycin in newborns using “Dried Blood Spot” method
Authors: Petrov V. I. , Anikeev I. S. , Zayachnikova T. E. , Strygin A. V. , Kurkin D. V. , Kazmina Yu. S. 
Published: February 2024

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is used to increase the individualization of pharmacotherapy, especially in patient groups with a high interindividual variability in pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters. One of these groups of patients is newborn children, for whom drug therapy, especially drugs with a narrow therapeutic range, causes a few difficulties or cannot be used in principle.The aim of the work was to develop and validate quantitative HPLC-MS/MS methods for the determination of vancomycin in “dried blood spot” samples using new protocols and comparison of the results obtained with the results in plasma samples using standard sample preparation methods.Materials and methods. To prepare stock and standard solutions of vancomycin and norvancomycin as an internal standard, dry portions of the corresponding certified standards of vancomycin (Servier, France) and norvancomycin (Augsburg, Germany, purity grade >95.0%) were used. A chromatographic separation of the components was carried out on a Poroshell 120 C18 column (4.6×50 mm, 2.7 µm). When developing conditions for a mass spectrometric detection of the desired substances using the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) method, precursor ions and their corresponding product ions were determined.Results. A quantitative HPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of vancomycin in «dried blood spot» samples was developed and validated. A comparison was made between vancomycin concentrations in «dried blood spot» samples and plasma samples. Moreover, more than 95% of the calculated average concentrations are within the limits of d-2s and d+2s, which correspond to the values of –10.2 and 12.2. That confirms the suitability of the developed method for the analysis of patient samples.Conclusion. The results obtained make it possible for us to recommend the “dried blood spot” method for therapeutic monitoring of vancomycin, additional studies of PK in this group of patients with subsequent use of this drug in newborns and pediatric patients.
Studying the possibilities of pharmacological correction of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension using a phenolic compound with a laboratory cypher KUD975
Authors: Korokina L. V. 
Published: February 2024

The aim of our work was to study a pharmacological activity of a selective arginase-2 and thrombin inhibitor from a phenolic compounds group with a laboratory cypher KUD975 on a model of arterial pulmonary hypertension induced by hypoxia.Materials and methods. To simulate pulmonary hypertension (РН), animals were placed in a normobaric hypoxic chamber and subjected to 5 weeks of hypoxia with an oxygen content of 10% in the air. After 3 weeks of hypoxia, the animals were administered with the test compound KUD975 (intragastrically, at a dose of 2 mg/kg once a day for 2 weeks). L-norvaline (intragastrically, 20 mg/kg) was used as a reference drug. To assess the development and correction of РН, measurements of cardiohemodynamics, analysis of blood gas composition, study of the number of circulating endothelial precursor cells (EPCs), quantitative PCR assessing the expression of mRNA VEGF-R2, SGF-1 (stromal growth factor-1) and MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1). Next, a histological examination of the lungs and heart was performed, the degree of pulmonary edema and the concentration of cardiotrophin-1 and atrial natriuretic peptide were assessed.Results. The administration of the studied phenolic compound with laboratory cypher KUD975, as well as the reference drug L-norvaline, led to a decrease in the right ventricular systolic pressure against the background of modeling РН. The present study shows a more than twice-fold decrease in the number of circulating (EPCs) in the animals group with modeling a hypoxia-induced circulatory РН (171.3±12.1) in comparison with the group of intact animals (296.1±31.7; p=0.0018). The recovery of EPCs was noted in the animals group administered with KUD-975 and L-norvaline, up to 247.5±34.2 (p=0.0009 compared with a pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and 235.6±36.4 (p=0.008 compared to PAH), respectively. The studied compounds had a protective effect by statistically significantly increasing the expression of VEGF-R2 mRNA and decreasing the expression of SGF-1 mRNA, reducing the lung moisture coefficient and the concentrations of cardiotrophin-1 and atrial natriuretic peptide and preventing vascular remodeling caused by hypoxia.Conclusion. When studying the pharmacological activity, it was shown that the phenolic compound with the laboratory cypher KUD975 normalizes hemodynamic parameters, reduces the signs of remodeling of the heart and pulmonary vessels and has a pronounced endothelial protective effect on the model of hypoxia-induced РН, and is superior to the activity of the reference drug L-norvaline.
Terpenoids and phenolic compounds as biologically active compounds of medicinal plants with diuretic effect
Authors: Kurkin V. A. , Pravdivtseva O. E. , Zaitseva E. N. , Dubishchev A. V. , Tsibina A. S. , Kurkina A. V. , Pervushkin S. V. , Zhdanova A. V. 
Published: February 2024

The aimof the study was to summarize and systematize the literature data, as well as the results of the carried out research in the field of medicinal plants used as diuretics in the Russian Federation and abroad.Materials and methods. During the search for this review article materials, the abstract databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, as well as the ResearchGate and elibrary.ru were used. The search was carried out according to the publications for the period from 2005 to 2023. The keywords were as follows: herbal diuretics, diuretic drugs, kidney diseases, types of medicinal plant raw materials. The data from the authors’ previous scientific research on the analysis of the diuretic properties of certain types of medicinal plant raw materials, as well as individual substances of a phenolic nature isolated from them (simple phenols, flavonoids), were also reviewed.Results. It was determined that the diuretic activity of most of the medicinal plants used, is due to such groups of biologically active compounds as terpenoids (essential oils and saponins), simple phenols, flavonoids and anthracene derivatives related to the secondary metabolites. It has been shown that, despite the fact that many herbal diuretics have concomitant anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antihistamine and other properties relevant from the point of view of etiology and pathogenesis of the disease, it is reasonable to use them as part of collections of medicinal plants and other combined medicinal herbal preparations, as this is in accordance with the global trend. The types of medicinal plant raw materials that can be a promising source of new diuretic herbal medicines, have been examined in this review.Conclusion. It has been determined that terpenoids and phenolic compounds make the greatest contribution to the manifestation of the diuretic activity of medicinal herbal preparations, among which the greatest structural diversity is noted for flavonoids. It has been established that in the composition of any drug, taking into account the peculiarities of etiology and pathogenesis of the disease, herbal diuretics can be both the main drug and an auxiliary component. The expediency of using medicinal plant raw materials with a diuretic effect as part of collections of medicinal plants and other combined preparations used in the treatment of kidney and urinary tract diseases has been also substantiated.
Using a Metadata Approach to Extend the Functional Resonance Analysis Method to Model Quantitatively, Emergent Behaviours in Complex Systems.
Authors: Hill Rees , Slater David 
Published: February 2024

In an increasingly complex world there is a real, urgent need for methodologies to enable engineers to model complex sociotechnical systems, as these now seem to describe the majority of systems in use today. This is of course exacerbated by the increasing involvement and augmentation with “black box” AI contributions. Hollnagel produced a methodology, (FRAM) which did allow the analyst in-sights into these systems’ behaviour, but the model-based system engineering applications demand numbers and a quantitative ap-proach.
In the last 10 years, this original approach developed to model systems as sets of interactive, interdependent “functions”, (abstracted from agent or component details), has been further developed to the point where it can take the basic data and structures from the current component focussed system engineering “models”, and can pull it all together into dynamic models, (as opposed to static, fixed System Theoretic Process Accimaps), from which analysts can discern how they really work in practice, and predict the emergent behaviours characteristic of complex systems.
This paper describes how the FRAM methodology has now been extended to provide these extra, essential attributes. It also describes its implementation using an open-source software, freely available for use and verification on the GitHub site.
President’s Column with Terry Palisch: The Value of Publishing Technical Papers for Your Career
Authors: Palisch Terry 
Published: February 2024

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This transcript is an excerpt from the podcast episode.

Bryan:
Hello, I’m Bryan Hibbard, senior editorial operations manager for SPE, I’m pleased to join 2024 President Terry Palisch as he continues his discussion about the ways we connect our members to technology by focusing on SPE papers, JPT, and other SPE publications. Terry, thank you for inviting me.

Terry:
Thank you for joining me, Bryan. I appreciate you taking the time to be the host. I thought you would make a good host for this topic.
In December, I talked about regional sections and how I think that they are the face of SPE, and similarly when I think of reading and writing SPE papers or reading the Journal of Petroleum Technology (JPT), and the SPE Journal, these too are some of the key aspects of being an SPE member. It’s also front and center to our mission statement connecting our members to technology, serving as one of the primary ways we do that, and it also plays a role in connecting our members to other members.
So, I thought it would be important to spend this episode talking about the importance of SPE papers, JPT, and continuing our focus on how members can get the most out of their SPE membership and in turn create their energy future.

Bryan:
SPE papers mean a lot to me. I manage the journals, as well as the conference papers at SPE. I know they are very special to you as well. When you and I did the How to Write a Good Abstract webinar together a couple of months ago, we got to hear a lot about your opinions on how to write a great abstract. So why do you think SPE papers are so important?

Terry:
Let me just tell you a quick story to illustrate the importance of papers. When I was a member of the Dallas Section several years ago, Danny Bell (SPE Dallas Section Education Chair) said his committee thought that writing papers was very important, so they asked me to put on a seminar on how to write SPE papers. That is what led to the webinar that you were just talking about.
If you think about technical papers, engineers in all industries write technical papers, they do it to disseminate information and to memorialize their ideas and their discoveries. It is important to any profession that we write and document.
When it comes to SPE I think papers are critical; without them we don’t have conferences or symposia. They enrich the multisociety library, OnePetro. In the end, it’s the way we disseminate technology and information to our members. But it’s also important to authors because they do the heavy lifting, they are the ones who do the writing, and sometimes they do it in their off time. More information about this is available from our webinar, mentioned earlier.
High-Pressure Separation: New Technology in the Subsea Toolbox
Authors: Presley Jennifer 
Published: February 2024

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Subsea production systems have come far in the more than 60 years since the first deployment in the US Gulf of Mexico, helping many countries unlock their offshore hydrocarbon riches in the years that followed.
For Brazil, it was a combination of advances in subsea technologies and floating production, storage, and offloading vessel (FPSO) designs that supported the growth of its offshore oil and gas prowess.
From those first forays into the Sergipe-Alagoas basin in the northeast during the 1970s, the country’s offshore oil and gas footprint has grown significantly, with today’s production from the pre-salt Campos and Santos basins—located farther from shore and in much deeper water—launching state-run oil company Petrobras to a top spot among the ranks of global producers.
The ongoing development of its offshore fields will continue to boost the country’s oil and natural gas production in 2024. Since December 2022, five FPSOs have been brought online, with four installed in 2023 delivering record output. The fifth one—the FPSO Sepetiba—delivered a New Year’s Day surprise when it came online at Mero 2 oil field on 31 December 2023.
HISEP, a new subsea technology currently being readied for pilot testing, could potentially ensure continued future production of the Mero field and others by capturing CO2-rich dense gases directly from the wellstream and reinjecting it into the reservoir. The technology also frees up much-needed space and reduces weight on the FPSO’s topside by moving the separation process to the seafloor.

Challenges and Solutions
Brazil’s challenging offshore pre-salt region—first explored by Petrobras in 2005—contains estimated reserves of 30 to 40 billion BOE and comes with an extensive list of development challenges.
Its Santos Basin, for example, lies in ultradeep water with hydrocarbon reservoirs located at extreme depths ranging from 5500 to 7600 m below sea level and under salt layers more than 2000 m thick.
But the challenges do not end there. Managing the basin’s high gas/oil ratio (GOR) and CO2 content leaves a significant operational footprint.
In OTC 29762, authors from Petrobras noted that developing the pre-salt reservoirs requires “large production facilities with complex gas processing plants that limit the oil processing and storage capacities.”
In the paper presented at the 2019 Offshore Technology Conference (OTC) Brasil, the authors said that the gas processing plants for some pre-salt fields with high production indexes, GOR, and CO2 content account for nearly 60% of the total FPSO topsides area.
The Santos Basin is home to the Mero oil field, the country’s third-largest pre-salt field and the first under a production-sharing contract awarded to the Petrobras-led Libra Consortium.
The field is considered one of the largest hydrocarbon discoveries in the past decade, covering about 320 km2 of the Libra block and with a net pay zone reaching 420 m filled with 29 °API oil and high productivity, according to Ana Luiza Neder, et al. (OTC 32784).
Vitamin D prevalence among older adults hospitalized in a French geriatric hospital
Authors: Lopez-Leret Diana , Schlatter Joël 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with harmful impacts on various organism functions. This is particularly the case for the elderly who have higher risk of developing a vitamin D deficiency because of low sunlight exposure, inadequate nutrition, and age-related physiological changes. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in older inpatients.
Methods
Retrospective study was conducted at a French geriatric hospital among adults (>65 years) having a vitamin D serum dosage. A total of 149 participants were included in the study. The demographic data (age and sex), body mass index (BMI), presence of fracture, medication of antiepileptic and glucocorticoid, calcium and phosphorus blood values, serum albumin value, and vitamin D treatment initiation were performed during the study period.
Results
The study population was between 65 to 100 years old with a mean vitamin D level of 18.7 ± 11.8 µg/L. In total, 29.5% patients demonstrated severe vitamin D deficiency (<12.0 µg/L) and 59% patients demonstrated vitamin D deficiency (12-30 µg/L). Statistical significant correlation was found between the calcium and vitamin D level (Pearson coefficient=0.2669, p=0.006982) and gender and vitamin D level (Mann-Whitney test, p=0.04). Hypocalcaemia (<2.2 mmol/L) was found in 11.4%. For many patients (76%), vitamin D supplementation was initiated according to the local protocol (100,000 IU of cholecalciferol every 15 days for 2 months). For any patient, vitamin D blood control was performed.
Conclusions
Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among older adults is considerably high often associated with reduced calcium levels. The current results suggest that vitamin D supplementation would be started in this risk group associated with a blood examination at the end of treatment to ensure its effectiveness.
Protecting the Environment by Managing and Processing Animal Manures: The Effect of Raw Material (Cow and Chicken Manure) and Reactor Type for Improving and Maximizing Biogas Production
Authors: Karami-Boozhani Somayeh , Yeganeh Reza , Jahanbakhshi Ahmad , Kheiralipour Kamran , Ebrahimi Seyed Hadi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Biomass energy is a type of renewable energy and animal waste is one of the main resources for its production. Anaerobic digestion is a method for biological treatment of organic waste, which nowadays plays an important role in refining and reusing wet and degradable waste materials due to the production of environmentally friendly materials and energy recovery. The process of anaerobic digestion takes place in oxygen-free conditions inside reactors called anaerobic digesters and produces a substance called biogas. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of raw material type (cow and chicken manure) and the type of reactor (digester) on the biogas produced by measuring the amount of methane in the product. Three types of digester (metal, simple PVC and PVC with leachate rotation) with the same volume (10 Liter) were prepared. Equipment was installed on the digesters to measure the pH and volume of produced gas. The experiments were carried out in controlled temperature conditions (28–30 ºC) and in two stages. The first experiment was to load the digesters with cow excrement and the second experiment was to load the digesters with chicken excrement. In both experiments, the digesters were fed with 1.5 kg of animal manure and water with a ratio of 1:1. During a period of 60 days, the volume of biogas and methane produced was measured and recorded. The results showed that the amount of biogas produced from chicken waste is more than the amount obtained from cow waste. However, the amount of methane produced using cow excrement was more than that of chicken excrement. Also, the performance of PVC digester with leachate rotation was better than the other two digesters, which could be due to the mixing of raw materials in this type of digester.
Feasibility of three dimensional and strain transthoracic echocardiography in a single-centre dedicated NHS Cardio-Oncology clinic.
Authors: O’Driscoll Patrick , Gent David , Corbett Liam , Stables Rod , Dobson Rebecca 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Following the publication of international cardio-oncology (CO) imaging guidelines, standard echocardiographic monitoring parameters of left ventricular systolic function have been endorsed. Recommendations highlight that either two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), alongside global longitudinal strain (GLS) should be routinely performed for surveillance of patients at risk of cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). We studied the feasibility of 3D-LVEF, 2D GLS and 2D LVEF in a dedicated CO service.
Methods
This was a single-centre prospective analysis of consecutive all-comer patients (n = 105) referred to an NHS CO clinic. Using a dedicated Philips EPIQ CVx v7.0, with X5-1 3D-transducer and 3DQA software, we sought to acquire and analyse 2D- and 3D- LVEF and GLS, adhering to the British Society of Echocardiography (BSE) CO transthoracic echocardiography protocol.
Results
A total of 105 patients were enrolled in the study; 24 were excluded due to poor echo windows with poor endocardial definition (n = 19) or carcinoid heart disease (n = 5). Of the 81, calculation of 3D-LVEF was achieved in 49% (n = 40), GLS in 90% (n = 73), and 2D LVEF in 100% (n = 81). Strong correlation existed between 2D LVEF and 3D LVEF (r = 0.94, p < 0.0001). Bland-Altman plot showed that mean differences between 2D-LVEF and 3D-LVEF were consistent throughout a range of values. For patients with adequate image quality, the most persistent obstacle to 3D-LVEF acquisition was poor endocardial border tracking (n = 22, 54%).
Conclusion
This study demonstrates the high feasibility of 2D-GLS and 2D LVEF, even in those with challenging echocardiographic windows. The lower feasibility of 3D LVEF limits its real-world clinical application, even though only a small difference in agreement with 2D LVEF calculation was found.
Evaluation of the anterior processes of the parotid gland: an ultrasonographic study
Authors: Uğur Tarık Ali , Tercanlı Hümeyra 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anterior extensions of the parotid gland (AEPG), namely the accessory parotid gland (APG) and the facial process of the parotid gland (FP), using ultrasonography.
Study Design:
A total of 338 parotid glands were scanned bilaterally. APG was defined as a soft tissue mass with the same echogenic features as the main parotid gland and not in contact with it, while FP was defined as an extension that exceeded the anterior border of the mandibular ramus and was continuous with the main parotid gland. The anteroposterior, mediolateral, superoinferior dimensions and the mean distance from the main parotid gland of the APG were measured.
Results
The prevalence of APG and FP were 19.5% and 36%, respectively, resulting in an AEPG prevalence of 55.6%. The presence of APG was statistically higher in females than in males (p = 0.039). The mean anteroposterior, mediolateral, and superoinferior dimensions of the APG were 18.1 ± 0.57 mm, 0.35 ± 0.17 mm, and 12.3 ± 0.36 mm, respectively, and the mean distance from the main parotid gland was measured as 12.1 ± 0.87 mm.
Conclusion
This study can raise awareness among clinicians about the presence of AEPG in the differential diagnosis of mid-cheek masses.