bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phage display assisted discovery of a pH‐dependent anti‐α‐cobratoxin antibody from a natural variable domain library
Authors: Tulika Tulika , Pedersen Rasmus W. , Rimbault Charlotte , Ahmadi Shirin , Rivera‐de‐Torre Esperanza , Fernández‐Quintero Monica L. , Loeffler Johannes R. , Bohn Markus‐Frederik , Ljungars Anne , Ledsgaard Line , Voldborg Bjørn G. , Ruso‐Julve Fulgencio , Andersen Jan Terje , Laustsen Andreas H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecycling IgG antibodies bind to their target antigen at physiological pH in the blood stream and release them upon endocytosis when pH levels drop, allowing the IgG antibodies to be recycled into circulation via FcRn‐mediated cellular pathways, while the antigens undergo lysosomal degradation. This enables recycling antibodies to achieve comparable therapeutic effect at lower doses than their non‐recycling counterparts. The development of such antibodies is typically achieved by histidine doping of their variable regions or by performing in vitro antibody selection campaigns utilizing histidine doped libraries. Both are strategies that may introduce sequence liabilities. Here, we present a methodology that employs a naïve antibody phage display library, consisting of natural variable domains, to discover antibodies that bind α‐cobratoxin from the venom of Naja kaouthia in a pH‐dependent manner. As a result, an antibody was discovered that exhibits a 7‐fold higher off‐rate at pH 5.5 than pH 7.4 in bio‐layer interferometry experiments. Interestingly, no histidine residues were found in its variable domains, and in addition, the antibody showed pH‐dependent binding to a histidine‐devoid antigen mutant. As such, the results demonstrate that pH‐dependent antigen‐antibody binding may not always be driven by histidine residues. By employing molecular dynamics simulations, different protonation states of titratable residues were found, which potentially could be responsible for the observed pH‐dependent antigen binding properties of the antibody. Finally, given the typically high diversity of naïve antibody libraries, the methodology presented here can likely be applied to discover recycling antibodies against different targets ab initio without the need for histidine doping.
Validity, sensitivity and specificity of a measure of medication adherence instrument among patients taking oral anticoagulants
Authors: Marques Mariana Dolce , Pedrosa Rafaela Batista dos Santos , Oliveira Henrique Ceretta , Gallani Maria Cecília Bueno Jayme , Rodrigues Roberta Cunha Matheus 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough self‐report instruments are currently considered a valuable tool for measuring adherence, due to their low cost and ease of implementation, there are still important factors that impact measurement accuracy, such as social desirability and memory bias. Thus, the Global Assessment of Medication Adherence Instrument (GEMA) was developed to provide an accurate measure of this construct. The aim of this study was to evaluate the properties of the measurement of the Global Evaluation of Medication Adherence Instrument (GEMA) among patients with chronic diseases. A methodological study was conducted in the public hospital of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The adherence to anticoagulants as well as the international normalized ratio (INR) was assessed on 127 patients. Besides GEMA, two other instruments were used to assess adherence: the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale‐8 (MMAS‐8) and the Measurement of Adhesion to Treatments (MAT). The GEMA presented a satisfactory level of specificity (0.76) to identify adherents among those with a stable INR, low sensitivity (0.43) for the identification of non‐adherents among those with an unstable INR, and a Positive Predictive Value of 0.70. Positive and weak to moderate correlations were observed between the proportion of doses assessed with GEMA and the scores on the MMAS‐8 (r = .26 and r = .22, respectively) and the MAT (r = .22 and r = .30, respectively). The GEMA presented good practicality, acceptability, and evidence of specificity regarding the stability of the INR. The validity of the construct was partially supported by the relationship with self‐reported measures of adherence.
Corporate water risk: A new research hotspot under climate change
Authors: Zhu Yun , Zhang Changzheng , Wang Teng , Miao Yijin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the context of intensified climate change and resource scarcity, the impact of water risk on corporate sustainable operation is increasingly prominent; firms must not only be aware of corporate water risks but also take actions in its comprehensive management. For the purpose of integrating literature on corporate water risk and to find research deficiencies and point out future research directions, based on the definition of corporate water risk proposed by the Carbon Disclosure Project, bibliometrics was performed to study the research focus, research hotspots, and research trends in this field by using CITESPACE software. Results showed: (1) researches mainly focus on corporate adaptation under climate change, and corporate environmental management and social responsibility; (2) research hotspots include corporate performance under climate change, supply chain sustainability under water scarcity, environmental regulation and firm performance, environmental strategy and stakeholder management, and so forth; (3) research focuses have gradually changed from the study of corporate behavior under regulatory policies to the physical risk management under climate change, until the comprehensive corporate water risk management. Based on the relationships between water and firms, this paper discussed sources, impact and theories of corporate water risk, and further proposed a new research perspective of value chain. This work not only helps researches understand corporate water risk and further study on it, but also helps enterprises be aware of corporate water risk so as to take actions to deal with it and achieve corporate sustainable development.
Motivating Inert Strontium Manganate with Iridium Dopants as Efficient Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution in Acidic Electrolyte
Authors: Wang Piao , Zhang Changle , Ding Jiabao , Ji Yujin , Li Youyong , Zhang Weifeng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe search for high‐performance and low‐cost electrocatalysts in acid conditions still remains a challenging target. Herein, iridium (Ir) doped strontium manganate (named as Irx‐SMO) is proposed as an efficient and durable low‐iridium electrocatalyst for water oxidation in acidic media. The Ir0.1‐SMO with 75% less iridium in comparison to that of iridium dioxide (IrO2) exhibits excellent performance for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which is even better than most of the iridium‐based oxide electrocatalysts. The theoretical outcomes confirm the activation of the inert manganese sites in strontium manganate by the incorporation of iridium dopants. This work reveals the boosted effect of the iridium dopants on the OER activity of strontium manganate, providing a strategy to tune the activity of manganese‐based perovskites in electrocatalysis.
Cassava Root Cortex Peroxidase (CCP) as a Potential Alternative Source of Peroxidase
Authors: Sornwatana Thakorn , Rotchanapreeda Tiwa , Wongsamart Rungdawan , Mongkol Nadtaya , Somana Jamorn 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCassava is an important starch crop in the world. Starch factories normally generate a huge amount of cassava root residual which may cause pollution to the environment. In order to find some extra uses for the root cortex, cassava root cortex peroxidase (CCP) is found in quantities up to 20 mg kg−1 in deteriorated cortex tissueand demonstrates some applications similar to horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The major native CCP is a 105‐kDa dimeric peroxidase with two 54‐kDa monomers. CCP is found to be tolerant to a broad pH range from 3 to 11 with maximum activity at pH 5.0 and maintains wide temperature range activity from 20 to 70 °C with an optimum at 65 °C. This indicates CCP to be one of the most robust peroxidases. Despite simple purification with ammonium sulfate precipitation, partial purified CCP is capable of determining glucose concentrations with glucose oxidase similar capability to HRP. For application as a reporter enzyme in immunoassays, the lab‐made secondary antibody conjugated with CCPsuccessfully detects the specific antigen in Western blot analysis using achemiluminescent substrate in the same way as HRP. From the properties and results of trial applications, CCP can be equally replaced in all applications of HRP. The enzyme should be found more potential applications to gain the acceptance. Since raw material for CCP is industrially massive, it should emphasize not only optimization of purification and process cost for industry, but also commercializeto the market.
Surgical correction of stenotic nares using a single pedicle advancement flap technique in three brachycephalic cats
Authors: Rahimdoust Mozhdehi Negin , Salari Sedigh Hamideh , Kazemi Mehrjerdi Hossein 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBrachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) comprises a group of anatomical upper respiratory tract abnormalities that collectively result in various degrees of upper respiratory tract obstruction. Stenotic nares is a common feature of BOAS, and in dogs, the main cause is axial deviation of the alar cartilage. In contrast, narrowing of the nares in cats is predominantly the result of a redundant skin fold at the junction of the ventral floor of the nostrils and the haired skin of the lip. Three brachycephalic cats with inspiratory obstruction were referred to the surgery department of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. The predominant cause of obstruction was nostril stenosis due to the presence of redundant skin on the ventral floor of the nares. All three cats underwent surgical correction using a single pedicle advancement flap technique, which was first described by Berns et al. (2020). All three cats had positive outcomes, with no surgical complications and no episodes of respiratory distress reported within a 9‐month follow‐up. Appropriate surgical treatment of feline patients with stenotic nares can result in good long‐term outcomes.
Numerical approximation of a thermodynamically complete rate‐type model for the elastic–perfectly plastic response
Authors: Gazca‐Orozco Pablo Alexei , Průša Vít , Tůma Karel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe analyse a numerical scheme for a system arising from a novel description of the standard elastic–perfectly plastic response. The elastic–perfectly plastic response is described via rate‐type equations that do not make use of the standard elastic‐plastic decomposition, and the model does not require the use of variational inequalities. Furthermore, the model naturally includes the evolution equation for temperature. We present a low order discretisation based on the finite element method. Under certain restrictions on the mesh we subsequently prove the existence of discrete solutions, and we discuss the stability properties of the numerical scheme. The analysis is supplemented with computational examples.
Public Engagement
Authors: Eriksen Thomas Hylland , Visentin Martina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAnthropology is frequently described as the art of “making the familiar exotic and the exotic familiar”. It has also been described as “the most humanistic of the sciences and the most scientific of the humanities”. The standard definition describes it as the comparative study of humans, their societies and their cultural worlds, simultaneously exploring human diversity and what it is that all human beings have in common.
Exploring Seiberg-like dualities with eight supercharges
Authors: Dey Anindya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We propose a family of IR dualities for 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 U(N) SQCD with Nf fundamental flavors and P Abelian hypermultiplets i.e. P hypermultiplets in the determinant representation of the gauge group. These theories are good in the Gaiotto-Witten sense if the number of fundamental flavors obeys the constraint Nf≥ 2N − 1 with generic P ≥ 1, and in contrast to the standard U(N) SQCD, they do not admit an ugly regime. The IR dualities in question arise in the window Nf = 2N + 1, 2N, 2N − 1, with P = 1 in the first case and generic P ≥ 1 for the others. The dualities involving Nf = 2N ± 1 are characterized by an IR enhancement of the Coulomb branch global symmetry on one side of the duality, such that the rank of the emergent global symmetry group is greater than the rank of the UV global symmetry. The dual description makes the rank of this emergent global symmetry manifest in the UV. In addition, one can read off the emergent global symmetry itself from the dual quiver. We show that these dualities are related by certain field theory operations and assemble themselves into a duality web. Finally, we show that the U(N) SQCDs with Nf≥ 2N − 1 and P Abelian hypers have Lagrangian 3d mirrors, and this allows one to explicitly write down the 3d mirror associated with a given IR dual pair. This paper is the first in a series of four papers on 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 Seiberg-like dualities.
Transport across interfaces in symmetric orbifolds
Authors: Baig Saba Asif , Shashi Sanjit 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We examine how conformal boundaries encode energy transport coefficients — namely transmission and reflection probabilities — of corresponding conformal interfaces in symmetric orbifold theories. These constitute a large class of irrational theories and are closely related to holographic setups. Our central goal is to compare such coefficients at the orbifold point (a field theory calculation) against their values when the orbifold is highly deformed (a gravity calculation) — an approach akin to past AdS/CFT-guided comparisons of physical quantities at strong versus weak coupling. At the orbifold point, we find that the (weighted-average) transport coefficients are simply averages of coefficients in the underlying seed theory. We then focus on the symmetric orbifold of the 𝕋4 sigma model interface CFT dual to type IIB supergravity on the 3d Janus solution. We compare the holographic transmission coefficient, which was found by [1], to that of the orbifold point. We find that the profile of the transmission coefficient substantially increases with the coupling, in contrast to boundary entropy. We also present some related ideas about twisted-sector data encoded by boundary states.
Integrability and non-integrability for marginal deformations of 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 SCFTs
Authors: Pal Jitendra , Roychowdhury Sourav , Lala Arindam , Roychowdhury Dibakar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We study integrability and non-integrability for marginal deformations of 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SCFTs. We estimate various chaos indicators for the bulk theory which clearly shows the onset of a chaotic string dynamics in the limit of large deformations. On the other hand, for small values of the deformation parameter, the resulting dynamics exhibits a non-chaotic motion and therefore presumably an underlying integrable structure. Our analysis reveals that the γ-deformation in the type-IIA theory could be interpreted as an interpolation between a class of integrable $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SCFTs and a class of non-integrable $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 SCFTs at strong coupling. We also generalise our results in the presence of the flavor branes.
Loss of fragile WWOX gene leads to senescence escape and genome instability
Authors: Cheng Hui-Ching , Huang Po-Hsien , Lai Feng-Jie , Jan Ming-Shiou , Chen Yi-Lin , Chen Szu-Ying , Chen Wan-Li , Hsu Chao-Kai , Huang Wenya , Hsu Li-Jin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInduction of DNA damage response (DDR) to ensure accurate duplication of genetic information is crucial for maintaining genome integrity during DNA replication. Cellular senescence is a DDR mechanism that prevents the proliferation of cells with damaged DNA to avoid mitotic anomalies and inheritance of the damage over cell generations. Human WWOX gene resides within a common fragile site FRA16D that is preferentially prone to form breaks on metaphase chromosome upon replication stress. We report here that primary Wwox knockout (Wwox−/−) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and WWOX-knockdown human dermal fibroblasts failed to undergo replication-induced cellular senescence after multiple passages in vitro. Strikingly, by greater than 20 passages, accelerated cell cycle progression and increased apoptosis occurred in these late-passage Wwox−/− MEFs. These cells exhibited γH2AX upregulation and microsatellite instability, indicating massive accumulation of nuclear DNA lesions. Ultraviolet radiation-induced premature senescence was also blocked by WWOX knockdown in human HEK293T cells. Mechanistically, overproduction of cytosolic reactive oxygen species caused p16Ink4a promoter hypermethylation, aberrant p53/p21Cip1/Waf1 signaling axis and accelerated p27Kip1 protein degradation, thereby leading to the failure of senescence induction in Wwox-deficient cells after serial passage in culture. We determined that significantly reduced protein stability or loss-of-function A135P/V213G mutations in the DNA-binding domain of p53 caused defective induction of p21Cip1/Waf1 in late-passage Wwox−/− MEFs. Treatment of N-acetyl-l-cysteine prevented downregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors and induced senescence in Wwox−/− MEFs. Our findings support an important role for fragile WWOX gene in inducing cellular senescence for maintaining genome integrity during DDR through alleviating oxidative stress.
Impact of metformin and Dysosmobacter welbionis on diet-induced obesity and diabetes: from clinical observation to preclinical intervention
Authors: Moens de Hase Emilie , Neyrinck Audrey M. , Rodriguez Julie , Cnop Miriam , Paquot Nicolas , Thissen Jean-Paul , Xu Yining , Beloqui Ana , Bindels Laure B. , Delzenne Nathalie M. , Van Hul Matthias , Cani Patrice D. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
We aimed to investigate the association between the abundance of
Dysosmobacter welbionis, a commensal gut
bacterium, and metabolic health in human participants with obesity and diabetes,
and the influence of metformin treatment and prebiotic intervention.

Methods
Metabolic variables were assessed and faecal samples were collected
from 106 participants in a randomised controlled intervention with a prebiotic
stratified by metformin treatment (Food4Gut trial). The abundance of D. welbionis was measured by quantitative PCR and
correlated with metabolic markers. The in vitro effect of metformin on D. welbionis growth was evaluated and an in vivo
study was performed in mice to investigate the effects of metformin and
D. welbionis
J115T supplementation, either alone or in
combination, on metabolic variables.

Results
D. welbionis abundance was
unaffected by prebiotic treatment but was significantly higher in
metformin-treated participants. Responders to prebiotic treatment had higher
baseline D. welbionis levels than
non-responders. D. welbionis was negatively
correlated with aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase
(ALT) levels and fasting blood glucose levels in humans with obesity and type 2
diabetes. In vitro, metformin had no direct effect on D.
welbionis growth. In mice, D.
welbionis J115T treatment reduced body
weight gain and liver weight, and improved glucose tolerance to a better level
than metformin, but did not have synergistic effects with metformin.

Conclusions/interpretation
D. welbionis abundance is
influenced by metformin treatment and associated with prebiotic response, liver
health and glucose metabolism in humans with obesity and diabetes. This study
suggests that D. welbionis may play a role in
metabolic health and warrants further investigation.

Clinical trial
NCT03852069

Graphical Abstract
Satisfactory outcomes after one‐stage revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using rectangular tunnel technique
Authors: Okimura Shinichiro , Suzuki Tomoyuki , Ikeda Yasutoshi , Shiwaku Kousuke , Teramoto Atsushi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeOne‐stage revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with the anatomic rectangular tunnel (RT) technique using bone–patellar tendon–bone (BTB) grafts results in anatomically precise tunnel placement and secure graft fixation. This study evaluated knee joint laxity and clinical outcomes in terms of femoral tunnel overlap. It was hypothesised that there would be no significant differences in knee joint laxity or clinical outcomes regardless of femoral tunnel overlap.MethodsBetween 2012 and 2021, a single surgeon conducted 196 one‐stage revision ACLRs with the RT technique using BTB grafts. Patients were divided based on the presence of femoral tunnel overlap. Knee joint laxity was evaluated using the Lachman test, pivot shift test, and side‐to‐side difference measured with a KT‐1000 arthrometer. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Lysholm score, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Knee Examination Form 2000. Knee joint laxity and clinical outcomes were compared between groups after a median follow‐up of 2.5 years (range 2.0–8.0).ResultsThe study included 30 and 73 patients in the overlap and non‐overlap groups, respectively. No significant differences were observed in the results of the Lachman test, pivot shift test, or KT‐1000 arthrometer as well as in the Lysholm, KOOS, or IKDC scores between the two groups. Based on the IKDC scores, all patients were graded as normal or nearly normal.ConclusionOne‐stage revision ACLR with the RT technique using BTB grafts improved knee joint laxity and had favourable clinical outcomes regardless of femoral tunnel overlap. To achieve optimal results in one‐stage revision ACLR, it is crucial to create a tunnel within the anatomical attachment area and ensure proper graft fixation and tensioning.Level of evidenceIII.
Legality rating and corporate efficiency: evidence from a conditional nonparametric frontier analysis
Authors: DeBenedetto Marco A. , Giuranno Michele G. , Mastromarco Camilla , Ravenda Diego , Toma Pierluigi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPromoting legality and productivity is a central issue in modern economies. In this paper, we investigate the implications of a public policy that aims at achieving these goals through the adoption of the so-called legality rating (LR). The latter reduces corporate risk uncertainty by abating asymmetric information between companies that use good legal, fiscal and ethical practices and the credit system. We match companies whose legal and ethical practices have been certified by the Italian government—through the assignment of the LR—with a sample of unrated firms, and apply recent advances in nonparametric frontier analysis to assess the economic performance. We highlight a positive relationship between legality rating and firms’ production efficiency. Our findings also show that legality rating policy is an effective tool to enhance inter-regional technological catching-up of businesses.