bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors of formation of legal consciousness in Russia in the 18th - first half of the 19th centuries.
Authors: Chizhkov Sergey 
Published: January 2024

The article deals with the peculiarities of formation of legal consciousness in Russia. The problem of human rights was raised in the 18th century among the noble elite, who realised the need for political rights for protection from arbitrary power. With the exception of Radishchev&apos;s book, where the theory of natural law was consistently applied, the problem of civil human rights was indirectly sounded only within the framework of university courses of natural law, which to some extent influenced the formation of legal consciousness of the enlightened strata of society. Reformation projection of Alexander I did not change the legal situation in essence. The usurpation of political issues by Nicholas I led to the transformation of legal discourse into ethical discourse, although Nicholas I himself for some time considered natural law discourse acceptable. In theoretical terms, the identification of natural law with the idea of natural human rights is not quite legitimate: natural law doctrine does not assert the necessity and unconditional nature of human rights. The concept of natural human rights as a political conclusion emerged in the New Age and was developed during the Enlightenment, which was taken up in Russia by Radishchev and the Decembrists, and then left public discourse for a long time. The anti-legalism and paternalism rooted in the public consciousness, the lack of a stable original liberal tradition determined the generally low legal culture of society, weak legal public discourse, which was reflected in the limited nature of reforms, the dependent state of legal institutions and the system of legal proceedings, and the underdevelopment of representation.
The The effectiveness of galangal Alpinia galanga extract for the treatment of sangkuriang catfish Clarias gariepinus infected Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Andriani Yuli , Setyo Wati Desy , Zidni Irfan , Grandiosa Herman Roffi 
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research is to find out the optimal dose of galangal extract to treatment of Sangkuriang catfish infected with Aeromonas hydrophila, the fish fry used are 5-7 cm in size. October-November 2022 was the research was carried out by an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications. The treatment used was immersing with galangal extract for 24 hours with doses of 0 mg/L (A), 250 mg/L (B), 500 mg/L (C) and 750 mg/L (D). Maintenance of test fish for 14 days. Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria are used to infect fish with a density of 108 CFU/ml by immersing 10 ml in 10 liters of water. Clinical symptoms of infection, clinical symptoms of recovery period, survival rate and water quality were used as parameters in this research. The results showed that the use of galangal extract for treatment of Sangkuriang catfish fry infected with Aeromonas hydrophila by immersion method for 24 hours at a concentration of 500 mg/L was the best treatment with the survival rate of 90%.

Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, Sangkuriang catfish fry, galangal extract

ABSTRAK

Riset ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis optimum ekstrak lengkuas untuk mengobati ikan lele sangkuriang yang terinfeksi Aeromonas hydrophila, benih ikan yang digunakan berukuran 5-7 cm. Oktober-November 2022 adalah waktu penelitian dilaksanakan. Metode eksperimen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang menggunakan empat perlakuan serta tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah perendaman dengan ekstrak lengkuas selama 24 jam dengan dosis masing-masing 0 mg/L (A), 250 mg/L (B), 500 mg/L (C) dan 750 mg/L (D). Pemeliharaan ikan uji selama 14 hari. Bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila digunakan untuk menginfeksi ikan dengan kepadatan 108 CFU/ml dengan cara merendam 10 ml dalam 10 liter air. Parameter yang diamati meliputi gejala klinis penginfeksian, gejala klinis masa pemulihan, kelangsungan hidup dan kualitas air. Hasil riset menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan ekstrak lengkuas untuk mengobati benih ikan lele sangkuriang yang terinfeksi Aeromonas hydrophila dengan metode perendaman selama 24 jam pada konsentrasi 500 mg/L merupakan perlakuan terbaik dengan kelangsungan hidup sebesar 90%.

Kata kunci: Aeromonas hydrophila, benih ikan lele sangkuriang, ekstrak lengkuas
Supervisión clínica de enfermería, proyecto de auditoría clínica e implementación de evidencia
Authors: Vargas-Bermúdez Zeidy , Cubero-Alpízar Consuelo 
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Implementar la mejor evidencia científica en la supervisión clínica de las UCI mediante la aplicación de la herramienta del JBI de auditoría clínica para la optimización de la práctica de la supervisión clínica en las unidades de cuidados intensivos.
Materiales y Métodos: Este proyecto utilizó el marco de implementación de evidencia de JBI basado en el proceso de auditoría y retroalimentación junto con un enfoque estructurado para identificar y gestionar las barreras al cumplimiento de las prácticas clínicas recomendadas.
Resultados: La mayoría de los supervisores tienen poco tiempo de supervisar las áreas de cuidados críticos. La auditoría de línea de base mostró que, de los 8 criterios establecidos por el JBI para evaluar la supervisión clínica, solo tres lograron un 80% de cumplimiento por parte de los supervisores.
Conclusiones: El modelo de auditoría clínica JBI permitió identificar una serie de criterios que estaban afectando la supervisión clínica y la instauración de una plantilla de plan de trabajo para fortalecer y estandarizar la labor de la supervisión de enfermería.

Palabras Claves: Supervisión de Enfermería, Auditoría Clínica, Enfermería, Práctica Clínica Basada en la Evidencia.
Maltrato de personas mayores con multimorbilidad y su relación con la calidad de vida
Authors: Giraldo Rodríguez Liliana , Pavón León Patricia 
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia del maltrato y de la multimorbilidad, así como, analizar si el maltrato con la presencia de multimorbilidad está asociado con la autopercepción de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en personas mayores de Xalapa, Veracruz.
Material y métodos: Este es un estudio transversal a partir de datos recolectados en una encuesta representativa de las personas mayores (≥60 años) de Xalapa, Veracruz. La encuesta se realizó de septiembre de 2018 a enero de 2019 (n = 993). Se utilizó un cuestionario para recolectar datos demográficos, socioeconómicos y de salud. El maltrato se evalúo mediante la Escala Geriátrica de Maltrato (EGM-22 ítems) y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud mediante el cuestionario de salud Short Form 36 (SF-36). Se realizaron análisis descriptivos para estimar las prevalencias y modelos de regresión logística para analizar la asociación.
Resultados: La prevalencia del maltrato de personas mayores fue 16,2%. Los tipos de maltrato fueron: psicológico (13,6%), económico (4,8%), físico (3,2%), negligencia (2,3%) y abuso sexual (0,5%). La prevalencia de multimorbilidad fue 43.2%. Las personas mayores con maltrato y multimorbilidad presentaron menor calidad de vida en las dimensiones de rol físico (OR 2,362 IC: 1,254-4,452), dolor corporal (OR 2,278 IC: 1,277-4,065) y salud mental (OR 2,94 IC: 1,499-5,766).
Conclusiones: El maltrato y la multimorbilidad son problemas comunes en las personas mayores de Xalapa, Veracruz, la presencia de estos dos eventos se asocia con una menor calidad de vida relacionada con la salud. La investigación futura debería concentrarse en mejorar la comprensión de las relaciones familiares de las personas mayores con multimorbilidad y, los servicios sociales y de atención médica deben tomar en cuenta estos hallazgos para atender el maltrato de personas mayores con multimorbilidad antes de que ocurran más situaciones adversas que impacten en su calidad de vida.
Burnout, estrategias afrontamiento y satisfacción laboral en enfermeros
Authors: Ilasaca-Ortega Jessica Esther , Epiquien-Rojas Rut Catalina , Díaz-Orihuela María Magdalena , Alberca-Lonzoy Ana Lourdes 
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Determinar la relación que existe entre burnout, estrategias de afrontamiento y satisfacción laboral en enfermeros del área asistencial COVID en Lima Este.
Materiales y Método: Estudio de diseño cuantitativo, correlacional y descriptivo, se contó con la participación de 300 enfermeros peruanos que laboraron en los servicios COVID-19 de alto riesgo durante la emergencia sanitaria.
Resultados: Se determinó con la prueba Rho de Spearman, para el Síndrome de Burnout (SB) y estrategias de afrontamiento un resultado de 0.223 (p<0.01), que es una relación positiva, directa y altamente significativa, mientras que, la relación entre el SB y la satisfacción laboral es de -0.627 (p<0.01), que es una relación negativa, inversa y altamente significativa, y finalmente la relación entre estrategias de afrontamiento y satisfacción laboral, el resultado fue de 0.368 (p<0.01), lo que indica una relación positiva, directa y altamente significativa.
Conclusiones: Existe una relación lineal significativa (ANOVA F=120.353, p=0.000) entre la satisfacción laboral como variable criterio; y el SB y las estrategias de afrontamiento como variables predictoras.

Palabras clave: Enfermeros; Burnout; Estrategias de afrontamiento; Satisfacción laboral; Predicción.
Medidas atenuantes à exposição ocupacional acima do limite de IBUTG em galpões industriais
Authors: Camargos Bruno Henrique Lourenço , Souza Henor Artur de , Oliveira Raquel Diniz , Gomes Adriano Pinto , Dias Luma de Souza , Dias Thalita Cardoso 
Published: January 2024

As avaliações ocupacionais em ambientes laborais se mostram relevantes para a saúde, bem-estar e produtividade dos operários. Neste trabalho, analisa-se por meio de modelagem numérica no EnergyPlus, as condições de exposição ao calor em galpões industriais com fonte interna liberadora de calor para Belo Horizonte/MG, equipados ou não com lanternim (12 modelos: variando-se áreas das aberturas, potência da fonte interna e altura desse dispositivo), a fim de averiguar a conformidade das condições térmicas internas em relação ao limite do Índice de Bulbo Úmido Termômetro de Globo (IBUTG) previsto na NR-15/2021. Os resultados realçaram a relevância do lanternim e dos aparatos de proteção das aberturas na vazão de ar em relação ao aumento das horas em conformidade com o limite de IBUTG. Além disso, constata-se que a fonte interna de calor intensifica o efeito chaminé culminando, portanto, no auxílio da vazão natural do ar interno através do lanternim. Deste modo, obtém-se uma diminuição da temperatura interna em até 5,1°C. Com a correção da altura do lanternim, reduz-se até 3,3°C de IBUTG, resultando, neste caso no valor máximo de 28,5°C para o dia extremo do verão belo-horizontino em apenas 36% das horas do ano acima do IBUTG recomendado. Ressalta-se, como principal contribuição, que se tratando de galpões com fonte de calor, quanto maior a área de saída do ar melhor é a condição térmica interna. Em conclusão, casos semelhantes podem aproveitar as estratégias recomendadas neste estudo para projetar novos galpões ou tomar decisões de intervenção em edifícios existentes.
The use of problem-based modular educational technology in institutions of higher and secondary vocational education
Authors: Balashov A. M. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction. In modern conditions, new requirements are being imposed on the organization of the educational process and the effectiveness of vocational education. At the same time, the quality of graduate training is of paramount importance.Purpose setting. Therefore, the introduction of new technologies into the educational process is becoming increasingly relevant, which should equip students with a methodology of cognition and creative approaches to solving practical problems. One of the most effective and popular educational services on the market is the problem-modular educational technology.Methodology and methods of the study. The basics of modular training are revealed by T. A. Kaplunovich and P. Y. Tsyavichene. The understanding of problem-modular learning is interpreted as a procedure for selecting and limiting the range of the most significant problematic issues in the discipline under study without violating the consistency of the presentation of the material. The entire course is divided into modules, the boundaries of which are determined in accordance with the educational and pedagogical tasks, the amount of theoretical knowledge and practical skills necessary for students to successfully solve professional tasks. The development of approaches to the construction and application of modular programs is considered in detail in the studies of V. M. Gareev, E. M. Durko, G. V. Lavrentiev, N. B. Lavrentieva.Results. Currently, the vocational education system is faced with the tasks of activating and developing students» cognitive abilities, differentiating and individualizing the learning process in accordance with the required levels of training and formation of specialists with stable motivations for self-improvement and self-education throughout life.Conclusions. The problem-modular learning technology allows implementing a personality-oriented approach to learning, makes it possible to activate the cognitive activity of students, form their self-education skills and bring learning closer to solving professional tasks.
Academic services of psychological support in the formation and development of stress resistance of subjects of university education
Authors: Tashcheva A. I. , Valeeva G. V. , Khoteeva R. I. , Arpentieva M. R. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Human life during the period of higher education is filled with numerous stresses, conflicts and crises. There are especially many of them where the quality of education is low, and the subjects of education are deprived or limited in their opportunities to receive special psychological and other support, where special and systematic work is not carried out to form and develop the stress resistance of the subjects of educational relations.Purpose setting. The purpose of the study is to analyze the tasks and capabilities of modern academic psychological services in the formation and development of stress resistance of subjects of university education.Methodology and methods of the study. The research method is a theoretical analysis of the tasks and capabilities of modern academic psychological services in the formation and development of stress resistance of subjects of university education.Results. University stress is a chronic condition, with little difference between the beginning and end of the academic year, the beginning and end of education. At the same time, the stressful events of the university period of human life are numerous and varied. The stresses of education, including the stresses of innovations in education, significantly reduce academic performance and adversely affect the psychological well-being of students, teachers and other members of the university community. The types of stress and support for members of the university community may be different. Numerous complexities of university life include issues such as adaptation to a new environment and the general stress of student / teaching life, etc.: problems of acquiring and assigning academic competencies, problems of academic and related relationships, problems of fairness – inclusion and stigmatization – exclusion, problems education of children, problems of entering the profession, its practice, problems of physical, psychological, moral health, etc. All this speaks of the multiplicity of tasks and opportunities of modern academic psychological services in the formation and development of stress resistance of subjects of university education.Conclusion. A psychologist can and should act as a model of «ideal» students, teachers, leaders, parents, that is, people who have developed competencies in the ability to learn, teach, educate and be educated. But his main task is to facilitate, assistance, support the development of these competencies, including stress tolerance competencies, other competencies in the field of prevention and coping with difficulties in crisis and stressful situations, in other subjects of education. This imposes very serious requirements on the level of professional, personal and interpersonal maturity of an academic service specialist, activities in the field of directed formation and development of stress resistance of subjects of educational relations.
Chronotopes of didactic communication in modern university
Authors: Menshikov P. V. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The article is devoted to the scantily explored problem of (re) organization of spatial-temporal (chronotopic) aspects of didactic communication in a modern university. The author notes the fact that researchers rarely address this problem.Purpose setting. The purpose of the research is to introduce the concept of the chronotope of didactic communication and describe the leading modes structuring the chronotope of didactic communication in a modern university.Methodology and methods of the study. The research method is a theoretical analysis of chronotopes of didactic communication in a modern university. The initial theoretical premise of the study is the idea of a complex, systemic nature of didactic communication, in which spatial and temporal characteristics are associated with the very organization of educational and pedagogical interactions in a modern university and influence the choice of educational forms and methods of impact.Results. There is a high importance of factors of space and time of educational interaction in the ideas of teachers and students regarding didactic communication in a modern university. The fact of the influence of spatial and temporal features of educational interaction on the process of understanding the subject content by students and on the very organizational scheme of didactic interactions in a modern university is noted.Conclusion. Chronotopes of didactic communication are systems of spatial and temporal organization of didactic communication, correlation of physical and psychological spaces and time of didactic communication, management of psychological mechanisms of orientation of participants of educational interaction in space and time of didactic communication. These systems are different for traditional and modern educational systems, the development of university professional education is in the direction of greater consideration of the psychological space and time of didactic interaction.
Artificial intelligence and personalized learning: Scaffolding technology
Authors: Mindigulova A. A. , Vikhman V. V. , Romm M. V. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The purpose of the study is to try to answer this question: what are the conditions and strategies for the implementation of AI technologies to solve the strategic task of the transition from mass educational technologies inherent in Industry 4.0 to individualized educational technologies of the upcoming Industry 5.0 using the example of scaffolding subtechnology (derived from the English word «scaffolding» meaning «staging»). The latter in educational discourse is understood as providing support to a student, solely as necessary, with a gradual decrease in the amount of such support as the student»s competencies increase.Purpose setting. The paper solves the problem of determining the conditions and strategies for the implementation of AI technologies to solve the strategic task of the transition from mass educational technologies inherent in Industry 4.0 to individualized educational technologies of the upcoming Industry 5.0 using the example of the scaffolding subtechnology.Methodology and methods of the study. The analysis of Russian and foreign sources is used as a research methodology.Results. The analysis carried out showed that, on the one hand, the scaffolding subtechnology is able to effectively solve the problems of individualization of the educational process as a response to the challenge of modern education, on the other hand, the potential of using the above-mentioned subtechnology is functionally limited by the influence of external socio-economic factors.Conclusion. Firstly, modern education is in the conditions of total digitalization. At the same time, the demands of society require individualization, humanization and an increase in the scale of the «human touch» from education. The subtechnology of scaffolding can become a link between artificial intelligence, as part of digital technologies, and education. The main reason for the insufficient use of the scaffolding subtechnology at the moment is its insufficient knowledge. Speaking about the possibilities of using subtechnology in Russia, it is worth mentioning that research on the impact of the latter on the learning process has practically not been conducted, which makes it impossible both to fully use and evaluate the possibilities of scaffolding in modern education.
Defining the concept of identity of national vocational education system
Authors: Pleshakova A. Yu. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Geopolitical, social and economic disasters of all over the world space cause the crisis of identity, which is fixed by the researchers of social and humanitarian sciences. The controversial nature of the process of internationalization of the vocational education system and its striving to keep in safety the traditional values of education are articulated. This process gives close attention not only on studying the problems of creating conditions to form of identity by means of the educational space of the country, but also understanding the phenomenon of identity of the national education system. Purpose setting. The aim of the article is the defining of some essential features, which can explain the concept of the identity of national vocational education system.Methodology and methods of the study. The methods of the research are the analysis of scientific literature, comparative analysis of proposed approaches, integration and synthesis for defining identity kinds and features of the identity of national vocational education system.Results. Some essential features of identity related to contemporary information age are defined. Among them are authenticity and simulativeness, multiplicity, dynamism, givenness and choice, axiology, recombination. Identity can be described as a form of predication of existence and the way of social understanding. The factors of globalization and regionalization have an influence on the identity transformation process. The ideological and civilization identity are described for better understanding the essence of the identity of national vocational education system.Conclusion. Determination of essential features of the identity of national vocational education system and studying of the processes of its formation and transformation indicate the domination of value components of the process. It can be used to explain the risks of transferring practices from foreign educational systems to national education system.