bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A YOLOX Object Detection Algorithm Based on Bidirectional Cross-scale Path Aggregation
Authors: Liu Qunpo , Zhang Jingwen , Zhao Yi , Bu Xuhui , Hanajima Naohiko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo solve the problem of insufficient feature fusion between the deep and shallow feature layers of the original YOLOX algorithm, which resulting in a loss of object semantic information, this paper proposes a YOLOX object detection algorithm based on attention and bidirectional cross-scale path aggregation. First, an efficient channel attention module is embedded in the YOLOX backbone network to reinforce the key features in the object region by distinguishing between the importance of the different channels in the feature layer, thus enhancing the detection accuracy of the network. Second, a bidirectional cross-scale path aggregation network is designed to change the information fusion circulation path while increasing the cross-scale connections. Weighted feature fusion is used to learn the importance of the different path input features for differentiated fusion, thereby improving the feature information fusion capability between the deep and shallow layers. Finally, the SIOU loss function is introduced to improve the detection performance of the network. The experimental results show that on the PASCAL VOC2007 and MS COCO2017 datasets, the algorithm in this paper improves mAP by 2.32% and 1.53% compared with the original YOLOX algorithm, and has comprehensive performance advantages compared with other algorithms. The mAP reaches 99.44% on the self-built iron ore metal foreign matter dataset, with a recognition speed of 56.90 frames/s.
Determination of land surface temperature and urban heat island effects with remote sensing capabilities: the case of Kayseri, Türkiye
Authors: Cetin Mehmet , Ozenen Kavlak Mehtap , Senyel Kurkcuoglu Muzeyyen Anil , Bilge Ozturk Gulsah , Cabuk Saye Nihan , Cabuk Alper 
Published: February 2024

AbstractKayseri, a densely urbanized province in Türkiye, grapples with pressing challenges of air pollution and limited green spaces, accentuating the need for strategic urban planning. This study, utilizing Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 satellite imagery, investigates the evolution of land surface temperatures (LST) and urban heat island (UHI) effects in key districts—Kocasinan, Melikgazi, Talas, and Hacılar—between 2013 and 2022. This research has been complemented with an analysis of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Normalized Difference Built-Up Index (NDBI), exploring correlations among the LST, UHI, NDVI, and NDBI changes. The findings indicate that a significant portion (65% and 88%) of the study area remained unchanged with respect to the NDVI and NDBI differences. This research’s findings reveal that a substantial portion (65% and 88%) of the study area exhibited consistency in the NDVI and NDBI. Noteworthy increases in the NDVI were observed in 20% of the region, while only 4% exhibited higher NDBI. Strikingly, the UHI displayed strong negative correlations with the NDVI and robust positive correlations with the NDBI. The LST changes demonstrated a reduced temperature range, from 21 to 51 °C in 2013, to 18 to 40 °C in 2022. Localized environmental factors, notably at the National Garden site, showcased the most significant temperature variations. Notably, the UHI exhibited strong negative correlations with the NDVI and strong positive correlations with the NDBI. The study’s results emphasize the interplay among the NDBI, LST, and UHI and an inverse relationship with the NDVI and NDBI, LST, and UHI. These findings hold implications for urban planning and policymaking, particularly in the context of resilient and sustainable land use planning and the UHI mitigation. This research underscores the intricate interplay among the NDBI, LST, and UHI, highlighting an inverse relationship with the NDVI. These findings hold crucial implications for resilient and sustainable urban planning, particularly in mitigating the UHI effects. Despite limited vacant spaces in Kayseri, geospatial techniques for identifying potential green spaces can facilitate swift UHI mitigation measures. Acknowledging Kayseri’s complex dynamics, future research should delve into the UHI responses to urban morphology and design, extending this methodology to analyze the UHI effects in other Turkish cities. This research contributes to a broader understanding of UHI dynamics and sustainable urban planning practices, offering valuable insights for policymakers, urban planners, and researchers alike.
Effects of working memory and visual search skill on Chinese reading comprehension: examining the simple view of reading
Authors: Liu Sisi , Li Ning , Zhang Xinyong , Wang Li-Chih Angus , Liu Duo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo investigate the longitudinal effects of two domain-general cognitive abilities, namely verbal working memory and visual search skill, on Chinese reading comprehension. To evaluate whether decoding and linguistic comprehension mediate such effects. A total of 202 first-grade Chinese-speaking children from mainland China (Mage = 86 months, SD = 4.9 months; 126 boys) completed tasks that measured verbal working memory, visual search, expressive vocabulary, morphological awareness, Chinese character recognition, and word reading fluency. One year later, they completed a passage comprehension task and a nonverbal intelligence test. Structural equation modeling was conducted with decoding and linguistic comprehension being included as latent variables and mediating factors explaining the effects of working memory and visual search. The children with better verbal working memory and visual search skill exhibited better reading comprehension performance. The effect of working memory on reading comprehension was fully mediated by linguistic comprehension (captured by vocabulary and morphological awareness) but not decoding (measured by word reading accuracy and fluency). However, decoding fully mediated the impact of visual search skill. Our findings suggest that the reading comprehension ability of beginning Chinese readers is associated with verbal working memory and visual search ability. These general cognitive abilities influence reading comprehension through distinct pathways. In line with the simple view of reading theory, decoding and linguistic comprehension skills explain such impacts. This research underlines the value of simultaneously examining general cognitive abilities and exploring their interconnectedness with linguistic skills in the context of reading comprehension.
Strong Lensing by Galaxy Clusters
Authors: Natarajan P. , Williams L. L. R. , Bradač M. , Grillo C. , Ghosh A. , Sharon K. , Wagner J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGalaxy clusters as gravitational lenses play a unique role in astrophysics and cosmology: they permit mapping the dark matter distribution on a range of scales; they reveal the properties of high and intermediate redshift background galaxies that would otherwise be unreachable with telescopes; they constrain the particle nature of dark matter and are a powerful probe of global cosmological parameters, like the Hubble constant. In this review we summarize the current status of cluster lensing observations and the insights they provide, and offer a glimpse into the capabilities that ongoing, and the upcoming next generation of telescopes and surveys will deliver. While many open questions remain, cluster lensing promises to remain at the forefront of discoveries in astrophysics and cosmology.
Williams’ Relativism and the Moral Point of View: A Challenge by Cora Diamond
Authors: Miguens Sofia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThere are similarities between Bernard Williams and Cora Diamond as moral philosophers: both their moral philosophies are marked by an engagement with the question of what it is like to be a human being, and both are engaged with experience more than theory. Still, such similarities rest on very different philosophical grounds. In this article, I consider whether a Nietzschean (Williams) and a Wittgensteinian (Diamond) could ever converge on a characterization of the ‘moral point of view’ as this involves views on life, thought, and language. I argue that divergences between Williams and Diamond persist, a very important one concerning relativism: whereas Diamond adumbrates a Wittgensteinian way out of relativism, it remains a last word for Williams.
Pre-treatment 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT Prognostic Value in Predicting Response to 177Lu-PSMA-I&T Therapy and Patient Survival
Authors: Eisazadeh Roya , Mirshahvalad Seyed Ali , Schwieghofer-Zwink Gregor , Hehenwarter Lukas , Rendl Gundula , Gampenrieder Simon , Greil Richard , Pirich Christian , Beheshti Mohsen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the prognostic value of pre-treatment [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and other baseline clinical characteristics in predicting prostate cancer (PCa) patients response to [177Lu]Lu-PSMA (PSMA-I&T), as well as patient survival.

Procedures
In this retrospective study, 81 patients who received [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T between October 2018 and January 2023 were reviewed. Eligible patients had metastatic castration-resistant PCa, underwent pre-treatment [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT, and had serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels available. On PET/CT images, SUVmax, SULmax, SUVpeak, and SULpeak of the most-avid tumoral lesion, as well as SUVmean of the parotid gland (P-SUVmean) and liver (L-SUVmean), were measured. Also, whole-body PSMA tumour volume (PSMA-TV) and total lesion PSMA (TL-PSMA) were calculated. To interpret treatment response after [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T, a composite of PSA values and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT findings were considered. The outcomes were dichotomised into progressive versus controlled (stable disease or partial response) disease. Then, the association of baseline parameters with patient response was evaluated. Also, survival analyses were performed to assess baseline parameters in predicting overall survival.

Results
Sixty patients (age:73 ± 8, PSA:185 ± 371) were included. Patients received at least one cycle of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA therapy (median = 4). Overall, half of the patients showed disease progression. In the progressive versus controlled disease evaluation, the highest SULmax, as well as SUVmax and SULmax to both backgrounds (L-SUVmean and P-SUVmean), were significantly correlated with the outcome (p-values < 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, only SULmax to the L-SUVmean remained significant (p-value = 0.038). The best cut-off was 8 (AUC = 0.71). With a median follow-up of 360 days, 11 mortal events were documented. In the multivariate survival analysis, only SULmax to P-SUVmean (cut-off = 2.4; p-value = 0.043) retained significance (hazard ratio = 4.0).

Conclusions
A greater level of PSMA uptake, specifically higher tumour-to-background uptake in the hottest lesion, may hold substantial prognostic significance, considering both [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T response and patient survival. These ratios may have the potential to be used for PCa patient selection for radioligand therapy.
Piezoelectric rubber sheet sensor: a promising tool for home sleep apnea testing
Authors: Hayano Junichiro , Yamamoto Hiroaki , Tanaka Haruhito , Yuda Emi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to develop an unobtrusive method for home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) utilizing micromotion signals obtained by a piezoelectric rubber sheet sensor.

Methods
Algorithms were designated to extract respiratory and ballistocardiogram components from micromotion signals and to detect respiratory events as the characteristic separation of the fast envelope of the respiration component from the slow envelope. In 78 adults with diagnosed or suspected sleep apnea, micromotion signal was recorded with a piezoelectric rubber sheet sensor placed beneath the bedsheet during polysomnography. In a half of the subjects, the algorithms were optimized to calculate respiratory event index (REI), estimating apnea–hypopnea index (AHI). In the other half of subjects, the performance of REI in classifying sleep apnea severity was evaluated. Additionally, the predictive value of the frequency of cyclic variation in heart rate (Fcv) obtained from the ballistocardiogram was assessed.

Results
In the training group, the optimized REI showed a strong correlation with the AHI (r = 0.93). Using the optimal cutoff of REI ≥ 14/h, subjects with an AHI ≥ 15 were identified with 77.8% sensitivity and 90.5% specificity. When applying this REI to the test group, it correlated closely with the AHI (r = 0.92) and identified subjects with an AHI ≥ 15 with 87.5% sensitivity and 91.3% specificity. While Fcv showed a modest correlation with AHI (r = 0.46 and 0.66 in the training and test groups), it lacked independent predictive power for AHI.

Conclusion
The analysis of respiratory component of micromotion using piezoelectric rubber sheet sensors presents a promising approach for HSAT, providing a practical and effective means of estimating sleep apnea severity.
Determining the green technology innovation accelator and natural resources towards decarbonization for the EU countries: evidence from MMQR
Authors: Cutcu Ibrahim , Cil Dilek , Karis Cigdem , Kocak Sinem 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGearing up for green technology innovation (GTI) and natural resources has become even more important in the transition to a zero-emission life, a green economy, and sustainable development goals. This attempt has become a situation that needs to be overpowered much sooner by the European countries, which have encountered challenges in many ways, especially regarding natural resources, energy supply, and the climate crisis. In this vein, the current study follows the novel, robust Method of Moment Quantile-Regression (MM-QR), which successfully yields heterogeneous information structure across quantiles, to examine the determinants of GTI for 15 EU countries over the period of 2003–2018. MM-QR estimation results indicate that the determinants of green technology innovation are heterogeneous across the EU countries. While green growth (GG) has an adverse impact on GTI in middle- and high-GTI countries, the effect of ecological footprint on GTI is positive for countries in the highest-GTI countries. The positive effects of financial development (FD) on GTI are revealed for all countries. Remarkably, environmental taxes have an adverse and positive influence on GTI in the lowest and highest quantile countries, respectively. Finally, renewable energy and greenfield FDI have no effect on GTI. Governments can promote GTI by providing financial resources, in the most immaculate way, to firms that engage in green technology projects, as well as by encouraging these through environmental taxes.
Anwendungen der Kabelbakterien in der Umwelt- und Biotechnologie
Authors: Scholz Vincent , Lueders Tillmann 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCable bacteria are living electric wires, exerting remarkable effects on their surroundings. Despite still refusing pure culture isolation, their biological conductivity and their impact on aquatic sediments give rise to interesting application prospects in environmental and bio-engineering, including bioremediation, the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, and bioelectronics. Here, we summarize how research is currently striving to realize the very versatile application potential of these fascinating bacteria.
Distribution of pesticides in agroecosystem food webs differ among trophic groups and between annual and perennial crops
Authors: Michalko Radek , Purchart Luboš , Hofman Jakub , Košulič Ondřej 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPesticides threaten biodiversity, but we know little about how they permeate food webs. Few studies have investigated the number, concentration, and composition of pesticides in agroecosystem food webs even though agroecosystems cover one-third of Earth’s land area. We conducted a pioneering study on the distribution of pesticides across local (i.e., on farm) and meta food webs (i.e., regional pool of local food webs) within both perennial (N = 8) and annual crops (N = 11), examining four trophic groups—soil (primary resource), plants (primary producers), rodents (herbivores), and spiders (predators)—for the presence of multiple residues, and comparing these findings to pesticides applied by farmers in recent years. We also undertook interviews with farmers to obtain the most precise information about pesticide applications in their fields. We detected a wide spectrum of pesticides in both annual and perennial crop types. Pesticides applied by farmers represented only a small proportion of all detected pesticides, indicating that pesticides entered local food webs from surrounding landscapes. Some detected pesticides had been banned by the European Union several years ago, which is highly alarming. Trophic group mobility and crop type drove pesticides number at local scale, as mobile groups contained larger numbers of pesticides (probably from encountering wider spectra of pesticides). At a meta scale, spiders contained the highest number of detected pesticides in perennial crops but lowest diversity in annual crops. This might be explained by how spiders’ functional traits are selected in different crops. Insecticides and fungicides concentrations mostly increased with trophic level, indicating bioaccumulation. Herbicides concentration were highest in plants suggesting (bio)degradation. As bioaccumulation outweighed (bio)degradation, pesticides increased overall with trophic level. Therefore, the distribution of pesticides in agroecosystem food webs was affected simultaneously by several mechanisms and depended upon trophic group, crop type, and, probably, surrounding landscape.
The effect of thermomechanical welding on the microstructure and mechanical properties of S700MC steel welds
Authors: Wang Peng , Gomes Felipe Martins , Warchomicka Fernando Gustavo , Ernst Wolfgang , Vallant Rudolf , Poletti Maria Cecilia , Enzinger Norbert 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGrain refinement by plastic deformation during conventional TIG welding can help to compensate for the loss of mechanical properties of welded joints. The thermomechanical welding (TMW) tests were performed on S700MC steel with different combinations of TIG arc energy and high frequency hammering over three target cooling times (t8/5 = 5s, 15s, and 25s). Additionally, the effect of initial microstructures on the weld joint quality was analysed by testing three materials conditions: hot-rolled (as-received) and cold-rolled with 10% and 30% thickness reductions, respectively. The effects of plastic deformation and the mechanical vibration on the grain refinement were studied separately. Optical microscopy, electron backscattered diffraction, and Vickers hardness were used to characterise the weld microstructure heterogeneity. The weld width and depth and the mean grain size were correlated as the function of cooling time t8/5. The results show that the weld dimensions increase with increasing the t8/5. The weld microstructures transformed from the mixed martensite and bainite into mixed ferrite and bainite with increasing the t8/5 time, and the related mean grain size increased gradually. The TMW welds exhibit smaller grains compared to TIG welds due to the coupled effects of mechanical vibration and plastic deformation. The mechanical vibration contributes to weld metal homogenisation, accelerating TiN precipitation in the fusion zone. The proposed TMW process can refine the weld microstructure of S700MC steel, enhancing its mechanical properties.
Temperature prediction for wire rod pickling plant management
Authors: Machón-González Iván , López-García Hilario , Espitia-Cuchango Helbert 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The prediction of the temperature in the different tanks of a mixed acid pickling line of wire rod coils is described in this paper. The goal is to develop a robust model-based prediction tool that allows prospective development of pickling bath states and adjustments in the management of a pickling line. The temperature of the pickling bath is a critical variable for the efficiency of the pickling process. Excessive temperatures can have an unfavorable effect on the pickling results and can complicate the decontamination of the exhaust gases. Root mean square error values lower than 0.2$$^{\circ }$$

∘

C were obtained when treating martensitic and ferritic steels, which are precisely the most problematic types of steel in the control of pickling temperature. The model software was installed on a computer for online operation at the pickling plant. Relevant information is predicted and transmitted such as the temperature pickling bath trend with the sequence of the wire coils to be treated. Plant personnel are able to change this sequence or modify pickling retention times based on this information. The economic benefits come mainly from better use of the production line, reducing coil waiting times.

Graphical abstract
Federated two-stage decoupling with adaptive personalization layers
Authors: Zhu Hangyu , Fan Yuxiang , Xie Zhenping 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFederated learning has gained significant attention due to its groundbreaking ability to enable distributed learning while maintaining privacy constraints. However, as a consequence of data heterogeneity among decentralized devices, it inherently experiences significant learning degradation and slow convergence speed. Therefore, it is natural to employ the concept of clustering homogeneous clients into the same group, allowing only the model weights within each group to be aggregated. While most existing clustered federated learning methods employ either model gradients or inference outputs as metrics for client partitioning to group similar devices together, heterogeneity may still exist within each cluster. Moreover, there is a scarcity of research exploring the underlying reasons for determining the appropriate timing for clustering, resulting in the common practice of assigning each client to its own individual cluster, particularly in the context of highly non-independent and identically distributed (Non-IID) data. In this paper, we introduce a two-stage decoupling federated learning algorithm with adaptive personalization layers named FedTSDP, where client clustering is performed twice according to inference outputs and model weights, respectively. Hopkins amended sampling is adopted to determine the appropriate timing for clustering and the sampling weight of public unlabeled data. In addition, a simple yet effective approach is developed to adaptively adjust the personalization layers based on varying degrees of data skew. Experimental results show that our proposed method has reliable performance on both IID and non-IID scenarios.