bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated foetal haemoglobin in tribal sickle cell anaemic patients: Blessing in disgust?
Authors: Trivedi Dhiraj J , Purandare Priyali S 
Published: February 2024

Sickle cell anaemia is a molecular disease. WHO recognises it as a global public health problem. In India, it is common among tribal communities. Increased HbS is a culprit. Therapeutic research is focused on maintaining high levels of HbF and decreasing 2,3, BPG to target disease. To assess the role of naturally compensated haemoglobin variants in tribal Sickle cell anaemic patients of North East Gujarat. Prospective, analytical, case control study conducted on randomly selected fifty tribal Sickle cell anaemic patients having disease for more than 5 years. Fifty age and sex matched, healthy control subjects. Each fifty Tribal sickle cell anaemic patients and healthy control were included in the study. Total Haemoglobin level, Sickling test by NESTROFT method and Haemoglobin variants were analysed by alkaline haemoglobin electrophoresis. Frequencies of clinical crises were recorded by oral questioning. The results were analysed using SPSS version 20. Student unpaired t- test was employed to assess the significance of the differences. P-values &#60; 0.05 considered statistically significant. We observed decreased levels of total haemoglobin, high levels of HbF and HbA2 along with reduced HbA0. Compensatory increase of HbF in tribal SCA patients have shown lower frequency of clinical crises. Reduced HbA0 in sickle cell anaemia is compensated by naturally elevated HbF and HbA2 in tribal patients which has a beneficial influence on their general health.
Comparison of two parathyroid hormone (pth) assay methods in the monitoring of black african hemodialysis patients in the ivory coast (Maglumi® vs Vidas Biomerieux® Kits)
Authors: Mireille Yao Epse Yapo Carine , Eric Yayo Sagou , Morel Kouacou Kadio , Jean-Louis Konan Konan , Benedicte Kone Dakouri 
Published: February 2024

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) testing is recommended once or twice a year to prevent bone complications resulting from chronic kidney disease. However, its interpretation is subject to many factors, including the generation of the PTH test used. For this reason, it is recommended that each laboratory establish its own PTH Upper Limit of Normality (ULN). In order to guarantee optimal management of hemodialysis patients in the public sector in Côte d'Ivoire (West Africa), it proved important to compare the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism made using two platforms used in the laboratory in charge of monitoring these patients: PTH VIDAS® (3rd Generation) and PTH MAGLUMI® (2nd Generation). This was a cross-sectional study of 65 haemodialysis patients in Abidjan. PTH determinations were performed simultaneously on VIDAS® and MAGLUMI® platforms. The results obtained were interpreted on the basis of PTH threshold values pre-established in the laboratory. 86.15% of patients had concordant diagnoses on both platforms, compared with 13.85% with discordant diagnoses. Statistical analysis of these results showed a non-statistically significant difference.: The limitation posed by differences in PTH concentration given by different platforms can be circumvented by using PTH ULN stablished for each platform for a given population. Conclusion: The diagnoses made by the two platforms are thus superimposable using their respective PTH ULN.
A mandatory practice in type 2 diabetes mellitus to maintain quality of life
Authors: Shrestha Sadikshya , Shrestha Pradeep Krishna , Yadav Binod Kumar 
Published: February 2024

Nepalese owing to modern lifestyle and processed food are racially at an elevated risk of acquiring central obesity-related insulin resistance (IR) and thus Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD). Low birth weight in utero and later becoming obese risks the development of T2DM. In a total of eighty-four newly diagnosed treatment-naive Nepalese T2DMs, incidence of IR, percentage beta-cell function (%BCF) and percentage insulin sensitivity (%IS) were determined using Homeostatic Model Assessment 2 (HOMA2-IR). Association of HOMA2-IR with albuminuria, kidney function, hs-CRP, fatty liver, fatty pancreas, several anthropometric and biochemical parameters were analyzed. Among the eighty-four T2DMs, fifty-four agreeing regular follow-ups were prescribed a low-carbohydrate diet (&#60;130gm/day). At 6 months, their glycemic controls were monitored. From 84 newly diagnosed T2DMs, 56 (66.7%) were insulin resistant and 28(33.3%) insulin-sensitive on HOMA2-IR. There was a significant association of HOMA2-IR with albuminuria and declining kidney function (p=0.006 and 0.034 respectively) and most of them were at reversible stages. Waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), lipid profile ratios, fatty liver and fatty pancreas were elucidated as potential markers for IR. The IS group (ISG) had significantly inadequate %BCF (p=0.001) but high %IS (p&#60;0.001) has healthier WHR (p=0.001) and lipid profile ratios which are opposite to IR group (IRG). 13 ISG had raised hs-CRP and 15 normal and 21 IRG had normal hs-CRP and 35 raised. At 6 months, the IRG achieved significantly better postprandial glycemic goals (p=0.04) and significant improvement in WC and WHR (p=0.008 and 0.03 respectively) with a low-carbohydrate diet as compared to ISG. Severe insulin resistance and IR-associated DKD, fatty liver and fatty pancreas are highly prevalent from the time of diagnosis of T2DM in the Nepalese population. Thus inspecting for IR and its consequences mandatorily at diagnosis and applying precision therapies like adjustments in the quality and quantity of staple food carbohydrates significantly improves IR-related parameters and glycemia.
Emerging need of molecular profiling in hepatobiliary cancer
Authors: Manish Abhinav , Badola Amit 
Published: February 2024

: Gallbladder cancer is a rare malignancy but represents almost 50% of all biliary tract cancer. Biliary cancers are highly fatal malignancies with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 20%. The prognosis of gallbladder cancer is poor due to the aggressive tumor biology, late presentation, complicated anatomic position, and advanced stage at diagnosis. Locally advanced and metastatic disease treatment is with palliative chemotherapy. Alarming sign of gallbladder cancer is overall decreased in incidence in older patients but increased in the younger population. So many mutations have been reported for the gall bladder cancer till date. : A prospective observational study was conducted over a period of 1 year at Asian Institute of Medical Sciences Faridabad which includes hepatobiliary carcinoma patients who are at stage III and stage IV of cancer. After getting the consent formalin fixed paraffin embedded biopsy samples, and 5 ml serum sample was collected in serum separator tube (SST). A whole genome sequencing was performed using Illumina HiSEQ, Illumina (NGS) technology, allows for high-throughput sequencing of DNA and RNA. Illumina's NGS is based on "sequencing by Synthesis" to detect the mutations.: Most common mutation found was in the P53 gene. TP53 (p.Arg175His), TP53 (p.Arg306Ter), TP53 (p.Cys238Tyr), TP53 (p.Leu43Ter), TP53 (p.Glu339Ter), TP53 (p.Pro190Leu). Mutations in the TP53 gene are a common feature of carcinoma of the gallbladder, and are associated with a more aggressive tumor phenotype, resistance to chemotherapy, and poorer overall survival.
Expanding the screening of newborns for detecting inborn errors in metabolism using next generation sequencing following mass spectrometry/immunoassay
Authors: Christy Alap Lukiyas , Das Eatu , Surana Jasmin , Padhye Pradnya , Shirodkar Kedar , Dixit Rakhi Bajpai , Chadha Kirti 
Published: February 2024

Inborn errors of metabolism are rare inherited disorders which leads to significant morbidity and mortality in patients. Very few studies have been conducted in India to assess prevalence of Inborn Errors of Metabolism (IEM) in newborns. We proposed testing by TMS/TR-FIA followed by NGS. This pilot study would be one of the ﬁrst expanded NBS studies in India.The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of IEM in newborns based on the samples received at Metropolis Global Reference Lab, India. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was done as a conﬁrmational analysis for patients tested presumptive positive on Newborn screening using Tandem Mass spectrometry (TMS) and Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA). Two years retrospective study was conducted based on incidences of IEM using TMS and TR-FIA. NGS testing was performed on presumptive positive newborns for cystic fibrosis (CF), galactosemia and urea cycle disorder/ organic academia (UCD /OA) who had undergone NBS by TMS and TR-FIA. Highestprevalence of 1.98% & 1.58% was detected for G6PD and TSH respectively by TR-FIA. Prevalence of AA disorders (3.20%), OA (1.60%) and UCD (1.43%) was observed to be the highest amongst the diseases detected by TMS. Presumptive positive case of Argininemia and Cystic Fibrosis were found to be concordant with NGS. Out of three presumptive positive cases, one presumptive positive case of CF and two of galactose were found discordant. Our prevalence study showed similarities to the prevalence reports published by other Asian countries. Expanded NBS program can be improved by including NGS as a first follow-up test after detection of abnormal metabolites in DBS. This approach will help in reducing the encumbrance of false-positive as well as false-negative cases. Our study will be influential in conducting more prospective studies and routine implementation of NGS-based analysis in NBS in India.
Investigating the Effects of HMGB1 Overexpression on Colorectal Cancer Cell Migration via Oncolytic Herpes simplex Virus Type 1 (oHSV-1)
Authors: Shayan Sara , Arashkia Arash , Bahramali Golnaz , Azadmanesh Kayhan 
Published: February 2024

Background: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) represents a significant global health challenge, and its progression, resistance to therapy, and metastasis are strongly influenced by the tumor microenvironment, including factors like hypoxia. This study explores the impact of High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) overexpression on CRC cell migration, while identifying potential genes associated with this process.
Methods: To explore this, we developed oncolytic virotherapy, resulting in HSV-HMGB1, an oncolytic Herpes simplex virus that expresses HMGB1. HMGB1 is known its role in cancer progression, particularly in the context of cancer cell migration.
Results: Contrary to expectations, our scratch assays indicated that HSV-HMGB1 did not significantly induce migration in CRC cells, suggesting that HMGB1 might not directly contribute to this process. Employing microarray analysis, we investigated gene expression changes linked to CRC cell migration, leading to construction of a Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network. This network revealed the presence of hub proteins, including as NDRG1, LGALS1, and ANGPTL4, which are recognized for their roles in cancer cell migration. The differential expression of these genes under hypoxic con-ditions was further validated using quantitative RT-PCR, aligning with the findings from our microarray data.
Conclusion: Our findings emphasize the complex regulation of CRC cell migration, and provides valuable insights into potential molecular mechanisms and pathways. These findings have implications for further research into cancer progression and the development of therapeutic strategies.
Flood prediction based on feature selection and a hybrid deep learning network
Authors: Chenmin Ni , Marsani Muhammad Fadhil , Pei Shan Fam 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

As climates change globally, water-related disasters increase, causing substantial economic losses and safety risks. During floods, river water levels show unpredictable fluctuations, introducing substantial noise that complicates accurate prediction. A hybrid model that uses eight-dimensional input data from hydrological and meteorological stations is proposed to address these challenges. Initially, the Variational Mode Decomposition preprocesses and denoises water level data, resulting in decomposed Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs). Then, the Pearson correlation coefficient between each IMF and input characteristics is computed, and the fluctuation factor for each IMF is defined. IMFs are categorized based on a threshold, leading to a hybrid prediction model. This model integrates convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for spatial information and bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) networks with an attention mechanism for learning from past and future data points. Comparative evaluations of mean absolute percentage error, root mean square error, mean absolute error, and goodness of fit (R2) show that the proposed model outperforms existing LSTM and CNN–BiLSTM frameworks, reducing RMSE by at least 20% and increasing R2 by approximately 10% on average. The model's practical significance lies in improving the accuracy and efficiency of meteorological forecasting and flood warning systems, contributing substantially to global disaster preparedness and response strategies.
Deep learning algorithms and their fuzzy extensions for streamflow prediction in climate change framework
Authors: Vogeti Rishith Kumar , Jauhari Rahul , Mishra Bhavesh Rahul , Raju K. Srinivasa , Nagesh Kumar D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe present study analyzes the capability of convolutional neural network (CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), CNN-LSTM, fuzzy CNN, fuzzy LSTM, and fuzzy CNN-LSTM to mimic streamflow for Lower Godavari Basin, India. Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE) was used to evaluate these algorithms. Fuzzy-based deep learning algorithms have shown significant improvement over classical ones, among which fuzzy CNN-LSTM is the best. Thus, it is further considered for streamflow projections in a climate change context for four-time horizons using four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs). Average streamflow in 2041–2060, 2061–2080, and 2081–2090 are compared to that of 2021–2040 and it changed by +3.59, +7.90, and +12.36% for SSP126; +3.62, +8.28, and +12.96% for SSP245; +0.65, −0.01, and −0.02% for SSP370; +0.02, +0.71, and +0.06% for SSP585. In addition, two non-parametric tests, namely, Mann–Kendall and Pettitt were conducted to ascertain the trend and change point of the projected streamflow. Results indicate that fuzzy CNN-LSTM provides a more precise prediction than others. The identified variations in streamflow across different SSPs facilitate valuable insights for policymakers and relevant stakeholders. It also paves the way for adaptive decision-making.
Surface Acoustic Wave Structures and Devices Modeling Based on Coupled Waves Method
Authors: DMITRIEV Valery F. 
Published: February 2024

An important stage in the creation of SAW devices is the modeling of its design
providing required electrical parameters. This task can be solved within the context of a device
design synthesis problem. Here, requirements are set for the electrical parameters, on the basis
of which the design of the device is simulated. The simulation allows for selecting other design
parameters, among which are the materials of the piezoelectric and IDT, the number of
electrodes and their thickness in the IDT, etc. Since a number of SAW filter designs with
specific design parameters are currently used, the task seems to be over-complicated and is not
considered here.
The presented method assumes device simulation based on its electrical characteristics for the
given design parameters of the selected filter type. This approach offers an analysis of the
selected type of device design (irrelevant to the reasons for its choice) to predict its design
parameters based on simulation of its electrical characteristics for different values of its design
parameters. Obviously, based on the described method, it is also possible to build algorithms
for device synthesis, e.g. within the context of electrical parameters optimization problem of
the device with selected design type. The problem of filter topology synthesis is investigated for only one type of ladder SAW filter.
The described method can be used to construct algorithms for the synthesis of various SAW
filter types.
Surface Acoustic Wave Filters for Communication Systems
Authors: DMITRIEV Valery F. 
Published: February 2024

Low insertion loss and good temperature stability are the main requirements for
filters used in communication system front ends. These requirements severely limit the design
options for SAW filters that can be used in modern communication systems. It should be noted
that until recently SAW filters with a relative bandwidth of 1..10% and low losses, and most
demanded for communication systems, had low-temperature stability. This was due to the
temperature coefficients of waveguide material medium frequency of the SAW filters. Such
materials are strong piezoelectrics niobate and lithium tantalate. Research aimed at improving the temperature stability of devices based on lithium niobate and
tantalate was started a long time ago. Still, only emerging new technologies have provided the
possibility of solving this problem for mass production conditions. Currently, the input circuits
of almost all mobile communication devices incorporate filters (duplexers) on SAW.
THE ALORESE LANDSCAPE TERMINOLOGY: FORM, FUNCTION, AND SEMANTIC REFERENCES IN AN AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGE IN EAST INDONESIA
Authors: Sulistyono Yunus 
Published: February 2024

This paper aims to describe the landscape and seascape terminology of Alorese, an Austronesian language spoken in the Alor archipelago of eastern Indonesia. Alorese uses unique way of expressing landscape terminology by retaining some of its ancestral Austronesian landscape terminology and innovating relatively new forms, functions and semantic references from its neighboring non-Austronesian languages. Previous research show that Alorese has innovated relatively new forms due to contact with its surrounding non-Austronesian languages. The current paper fills the gap where there has not been any discussion regarding the Alorese landscape terminology outside its preposition function. Discussion on cross-linguistic categorization, such as landscapes in areas such as eastern Indonesia is proven to be fruitful. The Alorese linguistic landscapes are expressed through geographical references and some forms appear unique to Alorese's dialectal variations. In general, the reference to elevations and directionalities in Alorese is achieved through geographical references, such as nala kokar ‘towards Kokar (a town)’ or klou lau ‘seawards (lau 'sea')’ rather than generic land form terms, suchas wara ‘westwards’ which is also an Indonesian loan barat ‘west’. Its non-Austronesian borrowed terminologies include words, such as iti dola ‘mountainwards’, containing loanwords from Alor-Pantar (Papuan) languages dol ‘mountain’. The data of this research were gathered from my 2018 and 2020 fieldwork in 14 Alorese villages located across the northern coast of Alor and Pantar as well as the small islands of Buaya and Ternate. Collections of terminologies show variations in the use of words not only depending on the geographical references, but also relative to the neighboring non-Austronesian languages.
Active tectonics, Quaternary stress regime evolution and seismotectonic faults in southern central Hispaniola: implications for the quantitative seismic hazard assessment
Authors: Escuder-Viruete Javier , Fernández F.J. , Valera F. Pérez , McDermott F. 
Published: February 2024

Present-day convergence between Caribbean and North American plates is
accommodated by subduction zones, major active thrusts and strike-slip
faults, which are probably the source of the historical large
earthquakes on Hispaniola. However, little is known of their geometric
and kinematic characteristics, slip rates and seismic activity over
time. This information is important to understand the active tectonics
in Hispaniola, but it is also crucial to estimate the seismic hazard in
the region.
Here we show that a relatively constant NE-directed shortening
controlled the geometry and kinematics of main active faults in southern
central Hispaniola, as well as the evolution of the Quaternary stress
regime. This evolution included a pre-Early Pleistocene D1 event of
NE-trending compression, which gave rise to the large-scale fold and
thrust structure in the Cordillera Central, Peralta Belt, Sierra Martín
García and San Juan-Azua basin. This was followed by a near pure
strike-slip D2 stress regime, partitioned into the N-S to NE-SW
transverse Ocoa-Bonao-La Guácara and Beata Ridge fault zones, as well as
subordinate structures in related sub-parallel deformation corridors.
Shift to D2 strike-slip deformation was related to indentation of the
Beata Ridge in southern Hispaniola from the Early to Middle Pleistocene
and continues today. D2 was locally coeval by a more heterogeneous and
geographically localized D3 extensional deformation. Defined
seismotectonic fault zones divide the region into a set of simplified
seismogenic zones as starting point for a seismic hazard modeling.
Highest peak ground acceleration values computed in the Ocoa Bay
establish a very high seismic hazard.
SISTEMA MODULAR DE ENSINO MÉDIO: DA IMPLANTAÇÃO AO ESVAZIAMENTO NA VILA DE CURUAI-PARÁ
Authors: Costa Francisco de Assis do Nascimento 
Published: February 2024

Este artigo é resultado de dissertação de mestrado, cujo tema foi revisado e atualizado. Teve por objetivo compreender o problema da evasão escolar no Sistema Modular de Ensino (SOME), na Vila de Curuai, do município de Santarém-PA. A metodologia articulou revisão bibliográfica e estudo de campo, partindo de hipóteses colhidas das observações, anteriores à pesquisa realizada in loco, tais como: a falta de investimentos por parte do governo para melhoria das condições físicas da escola; condições socioeconômicas dos alunos; carência de materiais didáticos para o desempenho das atividades escolares; ausência de transporte para o deslocamento dos alunos até a escola-polo; e a necessidade dos alunos de acompanhar os pais durante a vazante para as atividades econômicas da vila, como a pesca e agropecuária. A pesquisa de campo resultou da aplicação de questionários, cuja amostra foi composta por 70 alunos de diferentes turmas de 2º ano do Sistema Modular de Ensino na Vila de Curuai e 12 (doze) professores. O estudo confirmou as hipóteses com prevalência da motivação socioeconômica. Conclui-se que todo programa educacional não pode ser simplesmente copiado de um contexto e aplicado em outro, mas, sobretudo, adaptado a cada realidade. No caso da Vida de Curuai, é necessário pensar na reorganização curricular que atenda a diversidade do ecossistema, com a participação dos principais interessados, neste caso, o público atendido. Outrossim, faz-se necessária ainda a articulação junto a outras políticas sociais que garantam a permanência do aluno na escola.