bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scalable multimodal weak anion exchange chromatographic purification for stable mRNA drug substance
Authors: Megušar Polona , Miklavčič Rok , Korenč Matevž , Ličen Jure , Vodopivec Tina , Černigoj Urh , Štrancar Aleš , Sekirnik Rok 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMessenger RNA (mRNA) has emerged as a modality with immense therapeutic potential. Recent innovations in production process of mRNA call for procedures to isolate pure mRNA drug substance (DS) with high yield, high capacity, scalability, and compatibility with GMP production systems. Novel RNA modalities, such as circular RNA (circRNA), have further driven the need for non‐affinity capture possibilities which are already widely used in the biopharmaceutical industry, for example, in monoclonal antibody processing. The principle that multimodal ion exchange/hydrogen bonding chromatography can be used to separate mRNA from in vitro transcription components has recently been demonstrated. Here, we apply and refine this approach to be suitable for scalable purification of multiple mRNA constructs with sufficient yields, purity, and stability, for use in mRNA production process. Binding capacity of the PrimaS‐modified monolithic chromatographic column for mRNA enabled up to 7 mg/mL product isolation in a single chromatographic run, with 98% recovery and room temperature stability of the eGFP mRNA demonstrated for up to 28 days. This approach is independent of construct size or the presence of polyadenylic acid tail and is applicable for capture of a wide variety of RNAs, including mRNA, self‐amplifying RNA, circRNA, and with optimization also smaller RNAs such as transfer RNA and others.
Death of a palaeochannel: Slow abandonment of an avulsed channel on the Riverine Plains, SE Australia
Authors: Kemp Justine , Pietsch Timothy J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAvulsion of rivers can be a gradual process that is associated with a metamorphosis of channel pattern or changed channel characteristics. The processes controlling avulsion, and hence anastomosis, often operate too slowly to study by measuring active river systems, and hence well preserved Late Quaternary rivers offer one of the best ways to study the long‐term development of avulsive systems. The modern and ancient channels of the Murrumbidgee River provide a classic example of long‐lived, semi‐static anastomosis, operating on timescales that include stadial and interstadial climate cycles. Over the last glacial cycle, regional avulsions have occurred every ~12 ka while maintaining an anastomosing pattern through the slow infill of abandoned channels. The Yanco Creek Palaeochannel System emerged from a period of high discharge linked to snowmelt in the terminal Pleistocene. Here, geomorphological mapping of the Yanco System was conducted together with single‐grain, optically stimulated luminescence dating of sediments in the channel belt. Since the main phase of channel construction during the Last Glacial Maximum, the Yanco system has functioned as a flood conduit and minor anabranch of the Murrumbidgee River, with reworking of ancient channel sediments by an underfit stream that is ongoing to the present day. Our new ages of ~13–14 ka are interpreted as channel sedimentation during an underfit phase following avulsion. The prevalence of full and partial avulsion in this environment may be complicating palaeohydrological interpretations of ages for channel activity, and reworking has gone unrecognised. We contend that some previous interpretations of the significance of ages for sediments collected from palaeochannels in the Riverine Plain may need revision.
Protective mechanisms of quercetin in neonatal rat brain injury induced by hypoxic‐ischemic brain damage (HIBD)
Authors: Xu Yan‐hong , Xu Jin‐bo , Chen Lu‐lu , Su Wei , Zhu Qing , Tong Guang‐lei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNeonatal hypoxic‐ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is a leading cause of infant mortality worldwide. This study explored whether quercetin (Que) exerts neuroprotective effects in a rat model of HIBD. A total of 36 seven‐day‐old Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into control, Que, HI, and HI + Que groups. The Rice method was used to establish HIBD in HI and HI + Que rats, which were treated with hypoxia (oxygen concentration of 8%) for 2 h after ligation of the left common carotid artery. The rats in the HI + Que group were intraperitoneally injected with Que (30 mg/kg) 1 h before hypoxia, and the rats in the Que group were only injected with the same amount of Que. Brain tissues were harvested 24 h postoperation and assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, 2,3,5‐triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick‐end labeling assay; relative gene and protein levels were evaluated by RT‐qPCR, IHC, or western blot (WB) assay. Brain tissue morphologies were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM); LC3B protein levels were assessed by immunofluorescence staining. Escape latencies and platform crossing times were significantly improved (p < .05) in HI + Que groups; infarct volume significantly decreased (p < .001), whereas the numbers of autophagic bodies and apoptotic cells increased and decreased, respectively. Meanwhile, NLRX1, ATG7, and Beclin1 expressions were significantly upregulated, and mTOR and TIM23 expressions, LC3B protein level, and LC 3II/LC 3I ratio were significantly downregulated. Que exerted neuroprotective effects in a rat model of HIBD by regulating NLRX1 and autophagy.
Differential expression of Type I interferon and inflammatory genes in SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected patients treated with monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Maddaloni Luca , Santinelli Letizia , Bugani Ginevra , Cacciola Elio G. , Lazzaro Alessandro , Lofaro Chiara M. , Caiazzo Sara , Frasca Federica , Fracella Matteo , Ajassa Camilla , Leanza Cristiana , Napoli Anna , Cinti Lilia , Gaeta Aurelia , Antonelli Guido , Ceccarelli Giancarlo , Mastroianni Claudio M. , Scagnolari Carolina , d'Ettorre Gabriella 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionConsidering the reported efficacy of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against the Spike (S) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in reducing disease severity, the aim of this study was to investigate the innate immune response before and after mAbs treatment in 72 vaccinated and 31 unvaccinated SARS‐CoV‐2 patients.MethodsThe mRNA levels of IFN‐I, IFN‐related genes and cytokines were evaluated using RT/real‐time quantitative PCR.ResultsVaccinated patients showed increased rate of negative SARS‐CoV‐2 PCR tests on nasopharyngeal swab compared with unvaccinated ones after mAbs treatment (p = .002). Unvaccinated patients had lower IFN‐α/ω and higher IFN‐related genes (IFNAR1, IFNAR2, IRF9, ISG15, ISG56 and IFI27) and cytokines (IL‐6, IL‐10 and TGF‐β) mRNA levels compared to vaccinated individuals before mAbs (p < .05 for all genes). Increased IFN‐α/ω, IFNAR1, IFNAR2 and IRF9 levels were observed in unvaccinated patients after mAbs treatment, while the mRNA expression ISGs and IL‐10 were reduced in all patients.ConclusionThese data suggest that anti‐S vaccinated patients have increased levels of innate immune genes compared to unvaccinated ones. Also, gene expression changes in IFN genes after mAbs administration are different according to the vaccination status of patients.
TOmicsVis: An all‐in‐one transcriptomic analysis and visualization R package with Shinyapp interface
Authors: Miao Ben‐Ben , Dong Wei , Han Zhao‐Fang , Luo Xuan , Ke Cai‐Huan , You Wei‐Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTranscriptomic analysis has been widely used in comparative experiments to uncover biological mechanisms in various species. However, a simple tool is still lacking to optimize and integrate the features from multiple R packages. In this study, we developed TOmicsVis (Transcriptomics Visualization) (CRAN: https://cran.r-project.org/package=TOmicsVis, v2.0.0), an R package that provides a comprehensive solution for transcriptomics analysis and visualization. It utilizes 46 R packages to design 40 suitable functions for the streamlined analysis of multigroup transcriptomic projects, which covers six main categories: Sample Statistics, Traits Analysis, Differential Expression, Advanced Analysis, GO and KEGG Enrichment, and Table Operation. TOmicsVis can be performed either locally or online (https://shiny.hiplot.cn/tomicsvis-shiny/), which provides significant convenience for researchers without coding training. These user‐friendly visualization functions and built‐in analysis capabilities enable researchers to monitor experimental data dynamics promptly and explore transcriptomics data quickly.
Comprehensive application of multiple molecular diagnostic techniques in pre‐implantation genetic testing for monogenic
Authors: Huang Peng , Lan Yueyun , Zhou Hong , Lin Luye , Shu Jinhui , Wang Caizhu , Zhao Xin , Liang Lifang , He Sheng , Mou Jingfei , Zhang Xiaofei , Qiu Qingming , Wei Hongwei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPre‐implantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders (PGT‐M) is an effective approach to reducing the incidence of birth defects by preventing the transmission of inherited diseases to offspring. However, there are still controversies regarding the detection methods and transplantation of embryos. This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of different detection technologies applied to PGT‐M through a retrospective analysis of clinical detection data.MethodsThe carrier status of pathogenic mutations and chromosomal copy number variants (CNVs) in 892 embryos was characterized using next‐generation sequencing (NGS), single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, and PCR‐based detection technologies. Clinical data from PGT‐M cases were retrospectively analyzed to assess the effectiveness of these detection methods in identifying genetic abnormalities in embryos.ResultsA total of 829 embryos were analyzed, with 63 being unsuccessful. Our study revealed that the success rate of detecting deletional mutations using Gap‐PCR 84.9%, which is lower than that of SNP array (98.7%) and NGS (92.5%). However, no significant difference was observed when detecting point mutations using any of the methods. These findings suggest that, when detecting deletional mutations, SNP array and NGS are more suitable choices compared to Gap‐PCR. While SNP array may have a lower resolution and success rate (80.5%) in analyzing CNVs compared to NGS (95.5%), it may still be useful for revealing certain abnormal types.ConclusionIn conclusion, this study found that SNP analysis is advantageous for identifying polygenic and deletional mutations, whereas NGS is more cost‐efficient for detecting common monogenic diseases. Additionally, SNP‐based haplotyping and PCR‐based direct detection of mutations can be used together to enhance the accuracy and success rates of PGT‐M. Our findings offer valuable insights for PGT technicians in choosing suitable detection methods for patients.
Performance of Striped Bass reared at mid-Atlantic and Gulf coast photothermal regimes
Authors: Kenter Linas W. , Berlinsky David L. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Investigate Striped Bass Morone saxatilis growth in different photothermal environments and generate an interest in strain-specific broodstock development for marine net-pen culture.

Methods
In this effort, Striped Bass strains from Atlantic (Delaware, Virginia, and Maryland) and Gulf Coast (Florida and Texas) states were cultured in recirculating aquaculture systems, simulating a full-production cycle to early market size in each respective region's photothermal environment. The Atlantic and Gulf strains were initially maintained in recirculating aquaculture systems “nurseries” until 400 and 160 days postspawn, respectively, when offshore conditions (temperature) were conducive for stocking juvenile fish. Individuals from all strains were implanted with PIT tags and stocked (“common garden design”) into a pair of identical recirculating systems (three 5000-L tanks/system). One system received 48 Atlantic fish/tank (16 fish/strain; Delaware, Virginia, and Maryland), and the second system received 48 Gulf fish/tank (24 fish/strain; Florida and Texas). Salinity was maintained at 30‰, and photothermal regimes corresponded with ambient ocean conditions at selected locations off the mid-Atlantic and Gulf coasts. Studies were conducted for up to 2 years, and production parameters (feed conversion, absolute growth rate, survival) were compared.

Result
The final weights of ungraded fish in both simulated locations averaged approximately 900 g by 600 days postspawn and early market size (~1.3 kg) by 800 days postspawn.

Conclusion
Growth rates differed by strain in both nursery and grow-out phases, but the results indicate high potential for production of Striped Bass in U.S. coastal waters.
Discretization of PDEs with variable coefficients using locally adaptive sparse grids
Authors: Scherner‐Grießhammer Riccarda , Pflaum Christoph 
Published: October 2023

AbstractElliptic partial differential equations with variable coefficients can be discretized on sparse grids. With prewavelets being L2‐orthogonal, one can apply the Ritz‐Galerkin discretization to obtain a linear equation system with unknowns. However, for several applications like partial differential equations with corner singularities or the high‐dimensional Schrödinger equation, locally adaptive grids are needed to obtain optimal convergence. Therefore, we introduce a new kind of locally adaptive sparse grid and a corresponding algorithm that allows solving the resulting finite element discretization equation with optimal complexity. These grids are constructed by local tensor product grids to generate adaptivity but still maintain a local unidirectional approach. First simulation results of a two‐dimensional Helmholtz problem are presented.
Investigating the interaction of azobenzene moiety on the aromatic amino acid tryptophan
Authors: Frederic Charnette , Wiedman Gregory R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAzobenzenes are a series of compounds that can be isomerized upon irradiation with light. These molecules can modify the physical, chemical, and biological properties of a diverse range of materials. They can control protein structure and function with temporal and spatial precision. In this work, we investigated the possible interaction between azobenzene and aromatic amino acids. We hypothesized that aromatic amino acids, such as tryptophan, would show altered photochemical properties when conjugated with azobenzene. When irradiated at either 365 nm or 465 nm, the molecule now lacks the usually characteristic photoswitch capabilities and is visibly fluorescent at 365 nm. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence to suggest that primary protein structure could affect photoswitch activity. The knowledge gained from this research will help to further the understanding of azobenzenes as they are used in biomolecules.
The use of recycled high‐density polyethylene waste to manufacture eco‐friendly plastic sand bricks
Authors: Gounden Kimendren , Mwangi Festus Maina , Mohan Turup Pandurangan , Kanny Krishnan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHigh‐density polyethylene (HDPE) polymer is one of the largest contributors to plastic wastes causing detrimental effects on various sectors of society, and is not biodegradable in nature. In the first stage, river sand and a recycled HDPE as a binder were used to manufacture eco‐friendly plastic sand bricks with various sand(s):plastic(p) ratios: 60s:40p; 65s:35p; 70s:30p; 75s:25p; 80s:20p; 85s:15p. In the second stage, 1%, 5%, and 10% of Kaolin Clay was added to each ratio of sand:plastic, respectively. Three mechanical tests were conducted: compressive strength, impact, and short beam strength. First, the addition of 5% Kaolin Clay to 75s:25p ratio increased compressive strength significantly from 21.4 to 52.76 MPa. Second, the addition of 10% Kaolin Clay in the ratio of 75s:25p mixture increased the impact strength from 4.8 to 5 J. Finally, the addition of 5% Kaolin Clay in the ratio of 60s:40p mixture increased the short beam strength significantly from 1.84 to 2.27 MPa. SEM analysis showed a well‐compacted interface indicating effective bonding between the HDPE and river sand particles in the 75s:25p ratio. Hence, the results of this study present a potential for the use of recycled HDPE plastic to manufacture plastic sand bricks.Highlights
Addition of Kaolin Clay improved the mechanical properties of the composite material.
Well‐being trajectories in breast cancer and their predictors: A machine‐learning approach
Authors: Karademas Evangelos C. , Mylona Eugenia , Mazzocco Ketti , Pat‐Horenczyk Ruth , Sousa Berta , Oliveira‐Maia Albino J. , Oliveira Jose , Roziner Ilan , Stamatakos Georgios , Cardoso Fatima , Kondylakis Haridimos , Kolokotroni Eleni , Kourou Konstantina , Lemos Raquel , Manica Isabel , Manikis George , Marzorati Chiara , Mattson Johanna , Travado Luzia , Tziraki‐Segal Chariklia , Fotiadis Dimitris , Poikonen‐Saksela Paula , Simos Panagiotis ,   BOUNCE consortium
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to describe distinct trajectories of anxiety/depression symptoms and overall health status/quality of life over a period of 18 months following a breast cancer diagnosis, and identify the medical, socio‐demographic, lifestyle, and psychological factors that predict these trajectories.Methods474 females (mean age = 55.79 years) were enrolled in the first weeks after surgery or biopsy. Data from seven assessment points over 18 months, at 3‐month intervals, were used. The two outcomes were assessed at all points. Potential predictors were assessed at baseline and the first follow‐up. Machine‐Learning techniques were used to detect latent patterns of change and identify the most important predictors.ResultsFive trajectories were identified for each outcome: stably high, high with fluctuations, recovery, deteriorating/delayed response, and stably poor well‐being (chronic distress). Psychological factors (i.e., negative affect, coping, sense of control, social support), age, and a few medical variables (e.g., symptoms, immune‐related inflammation) predicted patients' participation in the delayed response and the chronic distress trajectories versus all other trajectories.ConclusionsThere is a strong possibility that resilience does not always reflect a stable response pattern, as there might be some interim fluctuations. The use of machine‐learning techniques provides a unique opportunity for the identification of illness trajectories and a shortlist of major bio/behavioral predictors. This will facilitate the development of early interventions to prevent a significant deterioration in patient well‐being.
Sex pheromone biosynthesis in the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis: paving the way for biotechnological production
Authors: Dam Marie Inger , Ding Bao‐Jian , Svensson Glenn P , Wang Hong‐Lei , Melo Douglas J , Lassance Jean‐Marc , Zarbin Paulo HG , Löfstedt Christer 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera) is a key pest on sugarcane and other grasses in the Americas. Biological control as well as insecticide treatments are used for pest management, but economic losses are still significant. The use of female sex pheromones for mating disruption or mass trapping in pest management could be established for this species, provided that economical production of pheromone is available.RESULTSCombining in vivo labelling studies, differential expression analysis of transcriptome data and functional characterisation of insect genes in a yeast expression system, we reveal the biosynthetic pathway and identify the desaturase and reductase enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of the main pheromone component (9Z,11E)‐hexadecadienal, and minor components hexadecanal, (9Z)‐hexadecenal and (11Z)‐hexadecenal. We next demonstrate heterologous production of the corresponding alcohols of the pheromone components, by expressing multiple steps of the biosynthetic pathway in yeast.CONCLUSIONElucidation of the genetic basis of sex pheromone biosynthesis in D. saccharalis, and heterologous expression in yeast, paves the way for biotechnological production of the pheromone compounds needed for pheromone‐based pest management of this species. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Long Spin Relaxation Times in CVD‐Grown Nanodiamonds
Authors: Prooth Jeroen , Petrov Michael , Shmakova Alevtina , Gulka Michal , Cigler Petr , D'Haen Jan , Boyen Hans‐Gerd , Nesladek Milos 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCurrently, the primary applications of fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are in the area of biosensing, by using photoluminescence or spin properties of color centres, mainly represented by the nitrogen vacancy (NV) point defect. The sensitivity of NV‐FNDs to external fields is, however, limited by crystallographic defects, which influence their key quantum state characteristics ‐ the spin longitudinal (T1) and spin transversal (T2) relaxation and coherence times, respectively. This paper reports on utilizing an advanced FND growth technique consisting of heterogeneous nucleation on pre‐engineered sites to create FNDs averaging around 60 nm in size, with mean longitudinal coherence times of 800 s and a maximum over 1.8 ms, close to bulk theoretical values. This is a major, nearly ten‐fold improvement over commercially available nanodiamonds for the same size range of 50 to 150 nm. Heavy‐N doped nanodiamond shells, important for sensing events in nm proximity to the diamond surface, are fabricated and discussed in terms of re‐nucleation and twinning on {111} crystal facets. The scalability issues are discussed in order to enable the production of FND volumes matching the needs of sensing applications.
Sarcoidosis following COVID infection: A case series
Authors: Smith David J. F. , Meghji Jamilah , Moonim Mufaddal , Ross Clare , Viola Patrizia , Wickremasinghe Melissa , Gleeson Laura E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHere we describe three cases of sarcoidosis which were diagnosed following COVID infection. Treating clinicians should consider post‐COVID‐19 sarcoidosis in their differential, as it represents a potentially treatable cause of persistent symptomatology.
Distributed adaptive optimization for microgrids
Authors: Yan Ying , Sun Jiayue 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this article, a one‐critic Q‐learning algorithm for the adaptive optimization of the distributed microgrids is proposed to improve the charging and discharging management and optimization of batteries in microgrids. Constrained by the random power generation of sustainable energy and the high uncertainty of power load, this article presents a dynamic balance point of the remaining power of the battery pack, and the dual battery pack constitutes a dynamic power game augmented system in the charge‐discharge process. The structure of the one‐critic neural network can effectively simplify the computational complexity, and the value can converge to the optimal solution in finite iterations. Simulation experiments also prove that the Q‐learning can effectively curb the overcharge and over‐discharge behavior of the battery pack, and realize the tracking of the dynamic SOC balance point.