bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fever, Hyperglycemia, and Swallowing Management in Stroke Unit and Non–Stroke-Unit European Hospitals: A Quality in Acute Stroke Care (QASC) Europe Substudy
Authors: Ding Ranran , Betihavas Vasiliki , McElduff Benjamin , Dale Simeon , Coughlan Kelly , McInnes Elizabeth , Middleton Sandy , Fasugba Oyebola ,   On behalf of the QASC Europe Investigators
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Stroke unit care reduces patient morbidity and mortality. The Quality in Acute Stroke Care Europe Study achieved significant large-scale translation of nurse-initiated protocols to manage Fever, hyperglycemia (Sugar), and Swallowing (FeSS) in 64 hospitals across 17 European countries. However, not all hospitals had stroke units. Our study aimed to compare FeSS protocol adherence in stroke unit versus non–stroke-unit hospitals. METHODS: An observational study using Quality in Acute Stroke Care Europe Study postimplementation data was undertaken. Hospitals were categorized using 4 evidence-based characteristics for defining a stroke unit, collected from an organizational survey of participating hospitals. Differences in FeSS Protocol adherence between stroke unit and non–stroke-unit hospitals were investigated using mixed-effects logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. RESULTS: Of the 56 hospitals from 16 countries providing organizational data, 34 (61%) met all 4 stroke unit characteristics, contributing data for 1825 of 2871 patients (64%) (stroke unit hospitals). Of the remaining 22 hospitals (39%), 17 (77%) met 3 of the 4 stroke unit characteristics (non–stroke-unit hospitals). There were no differences between hospitals with a stroke unit and those without for postimplementation adherence to fever (49% stroke unit vs 57% non–stroke unit; odds ratio [OR], 0.400; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.087-1.844; P = .240), hyperglycemia (50% stroke unit vs 57% non–stroke unit; OR, 0.403; 95% CI, 0.087–1.856; P = .243), swallowing (75% stroke unit vs 60% non–stroke unit; OR, 1.702; 95% CI, 0.643–4.502; P = .284), or overall FeSS Protocol adherence (36% stroke unit vs 36% non–stroke unit; OR, 0.466; 95% CI, 0.106–2.043; P = .311). CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that the nurse-initiated FeSS Protocols can be implemented by hospitals regardless of stroke unit status. This is noteworthy because hospitals without stroke unit resources that care for acute stroke patients can potentially implement these protocols. Further effort is needed to ensure better adherence to the FeSS Protocols.
The enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol implementation in a national tertiary-level hospital: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Mazni Yarman , Syaiful Ridho Ardhi , Ibrahim Febiansyah , Jeo Wifanto S , Putranto Agi Satria , Sihardo Lam , Marbun Vania , Lalisang Arnetta Naomi , Putranto Rudi , Natadisastra Raden Muharam , Sumariyono Sumariyono , Nugroho Alfan Mahdi , Manikam Nurul Ratna Mutu , Karimah Nurrul , Hastuty Vyanty , Sutisna Enung Nana , Widiati Eka , Mutiara Rina , Wardhani Rizky Kusuma , Liastuti Lies Dina , Lalisang Toar Jean Maurice 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
Successful colorectal surgery is determined based on postoperative mortality and morbidity rates, complication rates, and cost-effectiveness. One of the methods to obtain an excellent postoperative outcome is the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol. This study aims to see the effects of implementing an ERAS protocol in colorectal surgery patients.

Methods:
Eighty-four patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery at National Tertiary-level Hospital were included between January 2021 and July 2022. Patients were then placed into ERAS (42) and control groups (42) according to the criteria. The Patients in the ERAS group underwent a customized 18-component ERAS protocol and were assessed for adherence. Postoperatively, both groups were monitored for up to 30 days and assessed for complications and readmission. The authors then analyzed the length of stay and total patient costs in both groups.

Results:
The length of stay in the ERAS group was shorter than the control group [median (interquartile range) 6 (5–7) vs. 13 (11–19), P<0.001], with a lower total cost of [USD 1875 (1234–3722) vs. USD 3063 (2251–4907), P<0.001]. Patients in the ERAS group had a lower incidence of complications, 10% vs. 21%, and readmission 5% vs. 10%, within 30 days after discharge than patients in the control group; however, the differences were not statistically significant. The adherence to the ERAS protocol within the ERAS group was 97%.

Conclusion:
Implementing the ERAS protocol in colorectal patients reduces the length of stay and total costs.
Media Interview Tips and Techniques for the Registered Nurse
Authors: Manning Jennifer 
Published: December 2023

Background
As the largest segment of the healthcare workforce, nurses have a unique opportunity to increase the visibility of the nursing profession's contributions to healthcare services and clinical outcomes across population groups by participating in media interviews. Although a media interview can be intimidating, there are steps one can take to ensure optimal media engagement. Nurses should collaborate with the media by becoming familiar with the elements of good reporting.

Objective
This article describes several tips and techniques all nurses can implement before, during, and after a media interview to ensure the audience receives a clear message.

Procedure
Techniques include thorough preparation before the interview, careful self-management during the interview, and follow-up after the interview.

Conclusion
Nurses can conduct a successful media interview and pave the way for future nurse interviews using media training tips and techniques.
Noteworthy performance of muscle injured para-athletes: A study of MRI-detected muscle injuries at the Tokyo 2020 Summer Paralympic Games
Authors: Katagiri Hiroki , Forster Bruce B. , Koga Hideyuki , An Jae-Sung , Adachi Takuya , Derman Wayne 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
To the best of our knowledge, no studies have attempted to correlate athletic performance with muscle injuries sustained during Paralympic Games.

Aim
This study reports the incidence, anatomical location, anatomical site classification, and relationship between competition results and anatomical site classification in athletes who participated in the Paralympic Games.

Methods
All MRI images collected at the IPC polyclinic at the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games were reviewed to identify the presence and anatomical site of muscle injuries. The athletes’ competition results were reviewed using IPC data sources.

Results
Twenty-six MRI-detected muscle injuries were observed in 16 male and 10 female athletes. Muscle injuries were most commonly observed during track and field events (n = 20) and in athletes with visual impairment (n = 12). Ten of the injuries involved the tendon. Twenty-one of injured athletes (81%) completed their competition, whereas 5 athletes did not. Eight athletes won medals in the Games. The anatomical site of muscle injury did not significantly impact the proportion of athletes who did not finish competition.

Conclusion
Many athletes who sustained muscle injuries completed their competitions. No association was found between anatomical site classification and Paralympic athletes’ performance in this study.
Part II: Blood Transfusion and Donor Exposure in the Surgical Management of Trigonocephaly Patients: A Protocol From Alder Hey Craniofacial Unit
Authors: Rapaport Benjamin , Burnside Girvan , Parks Chris , Duncan Christian , Richardson David , Ellenbogen Jonathan , Sinha Ajay , Craig Richard , Diwan Rishi , Hennedige Anusha 
Published: December 2023

Trigonocephaly is a craniofacial malformation caused by premature fusion of the metopic suture. Surgical correction frequently results in the need for blood transfusion. Transfusion complications include transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs), immune-mediated reactions, and volume overload. Donor exposure (DE) describes the number of blood products from unique donors with increasing DE equating to an increased risk of TTI. We evaluate data on 204 trigonocephaly patients covering 20 years of practice with respect to blood transfusions and DE. This represents the largest series from a single unit to date. A protocol based on our experiences has been devised that summarizes the key interventions we recommend to minimize blood transfusions and DE in craniofacial surgery. Patients operated on between 2000 and 2020 were included. DE and a range of values were calculated including estimated red cell loss (ERCL) and estimated red cell volume transfused (ERCVT). Groups were established by relevant interventions and compared using the Mann–Whitney U test. Mean DE fell from 1.46 at baseline to 0.85 (P<0.05). Median allogenic transfusion volume fell from 350 mL at baseline to 250 mL (P<0.05). Median ERCL fell from 15.05 mL/kg at baseline to 12.39 mL/kg and median ERCVT fell from 20.85 to 15.98 mL/kg. Changes in ERCL and ERCVT did not reach statistical significance. DE can be minimized with the introduction of key interventions such as a restrictive transfusion policy, preoperative iron, cell saver, tranexamic acid, and use of a matchstick burr for osteotomies.
Listeria innocua infection in an old case of Total Knee Replacement-an unusual case report
Authors: Gupta Minakshi , Saha Uma Shankar , Kumar Ritesh , Laik Jayanta , Mishra Minakshi 
Published: December 2023

Prosthetic implant associated arthritis due to Listeria, is mostly reported due to Listeria monocytogenes. Here, we describe a patient , who underwent Total Knee Replacement, 12 years ago, presented with pain, tenderness, redness, and local rise in temperature in right knee. Purulent fluid was aspirated. Upon microbiological analysis, culture yielded Listeria innocua.
Listeria innocua was a rare incidence. Listeria is not reported as a contaminant and routine cultures may be negative. Because of long interval between surgery and onset of symptoms, clinical suspicion, radiological investigations and analysing multiple samples are of immense help
Neural correlates of category learning in monkey inferior temporal cortex
Authors: Pearl Jonah E , Matsumoto Narihisa , Hayashi Kazuko , Matsuda Keiji , Miura Kenichiro , Nagai Yuji , Miyakawa Naohisa , Minanimoto Takafumi , Saunders Richard C , Sugase-Miyamoto Yasuko , Richmond Barry J , Eldridge Mark A G 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe trained two monkeys implanted with multi-electrode arrays to categorize natural images of cats and dogs, in order to observe changes in neural activity related to category learning. We recorded neural activity from area TE, which is required for normal learning of visual categories based on perceptual similarity. Neural activity during a passive viewing task was compared pre- and post-training. After the category training, the accuracy of abstract category decoding improved. Specifically, the proportion of single units with category selectivity increased, and units sustained their category-specific responses for longer. Visual category learning thus appears to enhance category separability in area TE by driving changes in the stimulus selectivity of individual neurons and by recruiting more units to the active network.
Multilayer meta-matching: translating phenotypic prediction models from multiple datasets to small data
Authors: Chen Pansheng , An Lijun , Wulan Naren , Zhang Chen , Zhang Shaoshi , Ooi Leon Qi Rong , Kong Ru , Chen Jianzhong , Wu Jianxiao , Chopra Sidhant , Bzdok Danilo , Eickhoff Simon B , Holmes Avram J , Yeo B.T. Thomas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractResting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) is widely used to predict phenotypic traits in individuals. Large sample sizes can significantly improve prediction accuracies. However, for studies of certain clinical populations or focused neuroscience inquiries, small-scale datasets often remain a necessity. We have previously proposed a “meta-matching” approach to translate prediction models from large datasets to predict new phenotypes in small datasets. We demonstrated large improvement of meta-matching over classical kernel ridge regression (KRR) when translating models from a single source dataset (UK Biobank) to the Human Connectome Project Young Adults (HCP-YA) dataset. In the current study, we propose two meta-matching variants (“meta-matching with dataset stacking” and “multilayer meta-matching”) to translate models from multiple source datasets across disparate sample sizes to predict new phenotypes in small target datasets. We evaluate both approaches by translating models trained from five source datasets (with sample sizes ranging from 862 participants to 36,834 participants) to predict phenotypes in the HCP-YA and HCP-Aging datasets. We find that multilayer meta-matching modestly outperforms meta-matching with dataset stacking. Both meta-matching variants perform better than the original “meta-matching with stacking” approach trained only on the UK Biobank. All meta-matching variants outperform classical KRR and transfer learning by a large margin. In fact, KRR is better than classical transfer learning when less than 50 participants are available for finetuning, suggesting the difficulty of classical transfer learning in the very small sample regime. The multilayer meta-matching model is publicly available at GITHUB_LINK.
Adaptation with naturalistic textures in macaque V1 and V2
Authors: Davila Aida , Kohn Adam 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAdaptation affects neuronal responsivity and selectivity throughout the visual hierarchy. However, because most prior studies have tailored stimuli to a single brain area of interest, we have a poor understanding of how exposure to a particular image alters responsivity and tuning at different stages of visual processing. Here we assess how adaptation with naturalistic textures alters neuronal responsivity and selectivity in primary visual cortex (V1) and area V2 of macaque monkeys. Neurons in both areas respond to textures, but V2 neurons are sensitive to high-order statistics which do not strongly modulate V1 responsivity. We tested the specificity of adaptation in each area with textures and spectrally-matched ‘noise’ stimuli. Adaptation reduced responsivity in both V1 and V2, but only in V2 was the reduction dependent on the presence of higher-order texture statistics. Despite this specificity, the texture information provided by single neurons and populations was reduced after adaptation, in both V1 and V2. Our results suggest that adaptation effects for a given feature are induced at the stage of processing that tuning for those features first arises and that stimulus-specific adaptation effects need not result in improved sensory coding.Significance statementNearly all sensory neurons adapt to recent input. However, how the adjustment triggered by a particular input is distributed across brain areas and how these changes contribute to sensory processing are poorly understood. Here we explore adaptation with naturalistic textures, for which neurons in primary visual cortex and area V2 have differing selectivity. Adaptation reduced responsivity in both areas, but the effects in V2 alone depended on the presence of the higher-level texture statistics to which V2 neurons are sensitive. Though prior work with simpler stimuli has argued that stimulus-specific adaptation improves visual encoding, we found adaptation reduced texture information. Thus, adaptation need not improve visual encoding, suggesting its effects may serve some other purpose.
Sord deficient rats develop a motor-predominant peripheral neuropathy unveiling novel pathophysiological insights
Authors: Rebelo Adriana P. , Abad Clemer , Dohrn Maike F. , Li Jian J. , Tieu Ethan , Medina Jessica , Yanick Christopher , Huang Jingyu , Zotter Brendan , Young Juan I. , Saporta Mario , Scherer Steven S. , Walz Katherina , Zuchner Stephan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBiallelicSORDmutations cause one of the most frequent forms of recessive hereditary neuropathy, estimated to affect approximately 10,000 patients in North America and Europe alone. PathogenicSORDloss-of-function changes in the encoded enzyme sorbitol dehydrogenase result in abnormally high sorbitol levels in cells and serum. How sorbitol accumulation leads to peripheral neuropathy remains to be elucidated. A reproducible animal model for SORD neuropathy is essential to illuminate the pathogenesis of SORD deficiency and for preclinical studies of potential therapies. Therefore, we have generated aSordknockout (KO),Sord−/−, Sprague Dawley rat, to model the human disease and to investigate the pathophysiology underlying SORD deficiency. We have characterized the phenotype in these rats with a battery of behavioral tests as well as biochemical, physiological, and comprehensive histological examinations.Sord−/−rats had remarkably increased levels of sorbitol in serum, cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), and peripheral nerve. Moreover, serum fromSord−/−rats contained significantly increased levels of neurofilament light chain, NfL, an established biomarker for axonal degeneration. Motor performance significantly declined inSord−/−animals starting at ∼7 months of age. Gait analysis evaluated with video motion tracking confirmed abnormal gait patterns in the hindlimbs. Motor nerve conduction velocities of the tibial nerves were slowed. Light and electron microscopy of the peripheral nervous system revealed degenerating myelinated axons, de– and remyelinated axons, and a likely pathognomonic finding – enlarged “ballooned” myelin sheaths. These findings mainly affected myelinated motor axons; myelinated sensory axons were largely spared. In summary,Sord−/−rats develop a motor-predominant neuropathy that closely resembles the human phenotype. Our studies revealed novel significant aspects of SORD deficiency, and this model will lead to an improved understanding of the pathophysiology and the therapeutic options for SORD neuropathy.
Proteins Need Extra Attention: Improving the Predictive Power of Protein Language Models on Mutational Datasets with Hint Tokens
Authors: Li Xinning , Perez Ryann , Giannakoulias Sam , Petersson E. James 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTIn this computational study, we introduce “hint token learning,” a novel machine learning approach designed to enhance protein language modeling. This method effectively addresses the unique challenges of protein mutational datasets, characterized by highly similar inputs that may differ by only a single token. Our research highlights the superiority of hint token learning over traditional fine-tuning methods through three distinct case studies. We first developed a highly accurate free energy of folding model using the largest protein stability dataset to date. Then, we applied hint token learning to predict a biophysical attribute, the brightness of green fluorescent protein mutants. In our third case, hint token learning was utilized to assess the impact of mutations on RecA bioactivity. These diverse applications collectively demonstrate the potential of hint token learning for improving protein language modeling across general and specific mutational datasets. To facilitate broader use, we have integrated our protein language models into the HuggingFace ecosystem for downstream, mutational fine-tuning tasks.
Aversive memories can be weakened during human sleep via the reactivation of positive interfering memories
Authors: Xia Tao , Chen Danni , Zeng Shengzi , Yao Ziqing , Liu Jing , Qin Shaozheng , Paller Ken A. , Torres Platas S. Gabriela , Antony James W. , Hu Xiaoqing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRecollecting painful or traumatic experiences can be deeply troubling. Sleep may offer an opportunity to reduce such suffering. We developed a procedure to weaken older aversive memories by reactivating newer positive memories during sleep. Participants viewed 48 nonsense words each paired with a unique aversive image, followed by an overnight sleep. In the next evening, participants learned associations between half of the words and additional positive images, creating interference. During the following non-rapid-eye-movement sleep, auditory memory cues were unobtrusively delivered. Upon waking, presenting cues associated with both aversive and positive images during sleep, as opposed to not presenting cues, weakened aversive memory recall while increasing positive memory intrusions. Substantiating these memory benefits, computational modeling revealed that cueing facilitated evidence accumulation toward positive affect judgments. Moreover, cue-elicited theta brain rhythms during sleep predominantly predicted the recall of positive memories. A noninvasive sleep intervention can thus modify aversive recollection and affective responses.Significance StatementNot all memories are welcome: recollection and involuntary intrusions of aversive memories can be debilitating. Prior research shows that reactivating positive memories benefits psychological health, and memory reactivation can be externally triggered during human sleep. Here, we introduced a novel sleep-based memory updating procedure to weaken older aversive memories by reactivating newer positive memories. We found that such reactivation not only weakened the recall of aversive memories, but also increased involuntary intrusion of positive memories. Moreover, reactivation enhanced positive affect judgments. Our findings open new avenues for weakening aversive or traumatic memories during human sleep.
Numerical reproduction of the Sherrington-Adrian observations through a community of McCulloch-Pitts neurons with plastic remodelling
Authors: Irastorza-Valera Luis , Benítez José María , Montans Francisco J. , Saucedo-Mora Luis 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNeurons form a highly complex network that produces cognition from simple associative rules. From previous results, this work shows the natural capability of the numerical network produced to modulate the output signal with independence of the intensity of the stimuli. Moreover, the plastic remodelling implemented in the model is capable to change the latency of a wide range of stimuli to synchronize them and adjust to a required delay of the signal.
Privacy-preserving impact evaluation using Difference-in-Differences
Authors: Huth Manuel , Garavito Carolina Alvarez , Seep Lea , Cirera Laia , Saúte Francisco , Sicuri Elisa , Hasenauer Jan 
Published: December 2023

SummaryDifference-in-Differences (DID) is a widely used tool for causal impact evaluation but is constrained by data privacy regulations when applied to sensitive personal information, such as individual-level performance records or healthcare data, that must not be shared with data analysts. Obtaining consent can reduce sample sizes or exclude treated/untreated groups, diminishing statistical power or making estimation impossible. Federated Learning, which shares aggregated statistics to ensure privacy, can address these concerns, but advanced federated DID software packages remain scarce. We derived and developed a federated version of the Callaway and Sant’Anna DID, implemented within the DataSHIELD platform. Our package adheres to DataSHIELD’s security measures and adds extra protections, enhancing data privacy and confidentiality. It reproduces point estimates, asymptotic standard errors, and bootstrapped standard errors equivalent to the non-federated implementation. We demonstrate this functionality on simulated data and real-world data from a malaria intervention in Mozambique. By leveraging federated estimates, we increase effective sample sizes leading to reduced estimation uncertainty, and enable estimation when single data owners cannot share the data but only have access to the treated or untreated group.