bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How a dedicated postdischarge unit can reduce hospital congestion and costs
Authors: Khatami Maryam , Stauffer Jon M. , Lawley Mark A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDepending on the patient's condition, up to 60% of inpatients are discharged to post–acute care facilities (PACFs). These patients may experience several days of nonmedical inpatient stay until the hospital finds a facility that fits their needs, contributing to overcrowding in upstream units. This article studies the feasibility of creating a “postdischarge unit” (PDU) for medically ready‐for‐discharge patients who experience transfer delays, to improve access to inpatient beds. We use a multistage stochastic program, solved with a dual dynamic programming algorithm, to address the PDU size and capacity question. The random variable is the number of bed requests from upstream units (e.g., emergency department). Our numerical analysis, using data from a large hospital, shows that a PDU can reduce costs and significantly reduce the number of patients waiting for transfer to PACFs that are occupying inpatient beds, as long as the percentage of these patients in the hospital is more than 4%. Compared to current practice in our partner hospital, a PDU could increase access to inpatient beds by up to 13% and result in 2%–21% cost savings. Results show that PDU capacity in hospitals with a larger number of patients waiting for transfer is more sensitive to variation in PDU renovation and operational costs. In addition to using fewer medical staff, a PDU can improve discharge transitions to lower levels of care and more efficiently utilize social workers and physical therapists assisting these patients.
What is meant by ‘integrated personalized diabetes management’: A view into the future and what success should look like
Authors: Guldemond Nick 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntegrated personalized diabetes management (IPDM) has emerged as a promising approach to improving outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). This care approach emphasizes the integration and coordination of different providers, including physicians, nurses, dietitians, social workers and pharmacists. The goal of IPDM is to provide patients with personalized care that is tailored to their needs. This review addresses the concept of integrated care and the use of technology (including data, software applications and artificial intelligence) as well as managerial, regulatory and financial aspects. The implementation and upscaling of digitally enabled IPDM are discussed, with elaboration of successful practices and related evidence. Finally, recommendations are made. It is concluded that the adoption of digitally enabled IPDM on a global level is inevitable, considering the challenges created by an increasing prevalence of patients with DM and the need for better outcomes and improvement of health system sustainability.
Factors associated with reporting left ventricular ejection fraction with 3D echocardiography in real‐world practice
Authors: Faridi Kamil F. , Zhu Zhaohan , Shah Nimish N. , Crandall Ian , McNamara Robert L. , Flueckiger Peter , Bachand Karen , Lombo Bernardo , Hur David J. , Agarwal Vratika , Reinhardt Samuel W. , Velazquez Eric J. , Sugeng Lissa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundGuidelines recommend 3D echocardiography (3DE) to assess left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) when possible, but it is unclear which factors are most strongly associated with reporting 3DE LVEF in real‐world practice.MethodsWe evaluated 3DE LVEF reporting by age, sex, BMI, TTE location and variation in reporting by sonographer and reader. All TTEs were performed without contrast enhancement agent at a large medical center from 9/2015 to 12/2020 using ultrasound machines capable of 3DE. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess which factors were most associated with reporting 3DE LVEF.ResultsAmong 35 641 TTEs included in this study, 57.4% were performed on women. 3DE LVEF was reported on 18 391 TTEs (51.6% of cohort; 50.5% for women and 52.4% for men). Portable inpatient TTEs (n = 5569) had the lowest rates of 3DE LVEF reporting (30.9%), while general outpatient TTEs (n = 15 933) had greater reporting (56.9%). Outpatient TTEs with an indication for chemotherapy (n = 3244) had the highest rates of 3DE LVEF (87.2%). The median (IQR) percentage of TTEs reporting 3D LVEF was 52.7% (43.1%–68.1%) among sonographers and 51.6% (46.5%–59.6%) among readers. Among 20082 (56.3%) TTEs with 3DE LVEF measured by sonographers, 91.6% were included by readers in the final report. After adjustment, performing sonographer in the highest reporting quartile was most strongly associated with reporting 3DE LVEF (OR 7.04, 95% CI 6.55–7.56), while an inpatient portable study had the strongest negative association for reporting (OR .38, 95% CI .35–.40).ConclusionsUse of 3DE LVEF in real‐world practice varies substantially based on performing sonographer and is low for hospitalized patients, but can be frequently used for chemotherapy. Initiatives are needed to increase sonographer 3DE acquisition in most clinical settings.
Equine uveitis: Outcome and adverse effects after one or two intravitreal low‐dose gentamicin injections
Authors: Morén S. , Kallberg M. , Strom L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundUveitis is common in horses, potentially turning chronic (persistent or recurrent) resulting in impaired vision or blindness. All mainstay therapeutics aims at controlling inflammation, but long‐term or lifelong treatment is often needed with possibly severe side effects. Therefore, intravitreal injections with low‐dose gentamicin (IVGI) have been used in attempt to give a long‐lasting result with potentially less side effects.ObjectivesTo retrospectively assess outcome and long‐term complications following one or two low‐dose IVGI in Swedish horses with chronic uveitis.Study designRetrospective case series.MethodsMedical records of horses diagnosed with uveitis examined at the Equine Clinic of the University Animal Hospital of Sweden between 2016 and 2021 were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were horses with a diagnosis of chronic uveitis that were treated with 4 mg IVGI. After injection, tapering doses of anti‐inflammatory medications were administered. Due to persistence or recurrence of uveitis despite IVGI, some horses received a second injection. A positive outcome was defined as controlled uveitis, despite no or minimal anti‐inflammatory medication.Results32 eyes (29 horses) were included. Based on clinical evaluation, uveitis was classified as anterior (91%) or panuveitis (9%). 10 eyes were treated with IVGI twice. A positive outcome was observed in 13/32 eyes (41%). Inflammation in 9/32 eyes was controlled after the first, and in 4/10 eyes after the second IVGI treatment. Long‐term complications included retinal degeneration in seven eyes, and mature cataracts in five eyes. Enucleations were performed in 14/32 eyes, due to lack of favourable response of IVGI, or due to complications, that is, glaucoma, corneal ulceration, and/or corneal mineralisation. One horse was euthanised due to painful bouts of inflammation in both eyes despite treatment.Main limitationsSmall sample size, retrospective design with no control group, no histopathology performed, infrequent sampling for Leptospira and no standardised treatment protocol after the IVGI.ConclusionsIn this group of Swedish horses, predominantly diagnosed clinically with anterior uveitis, a positive outcome was observed in 41% of eyes following one or two low‐dose IVGI. Retinal degeneration in the visual streak was observed in 22% of eyes, which is a higher proportion of this complication than previously described.
Organic matter content and source is associated with the depth‐dependent distribution of prokaryotes in lake sediments
Authors: Yan Dongna , An Zhisheng , Capo Eric 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Aquatic sediments harbour a diverse array of microorganisms that drive organic matter recycling, carbon sequestration and greenhouse gases (e.g., CO2, CH4, N2O) emissions. Although largely studied in water columns, vertical profiles of the diversity and composition of prokaryotic communities (i.e., Bacteria and Archaea) in aquatic sediments are still rare. More specifically, much remains to be learnt about their vertical distribution in lake sediments and how environmental conditions at the time of burial have impacted their diversity and composition.

We investigated the vertical distribution of prokaryotic community with 16S rRNA gene quantitative (q)PCR and metabarcoding approaches applied to 93 sediment layers collected in a 2‐m‐long sediment core from the eutrophic alkaline Lake Chenghai in subtropical China. We aimed to study the diversity, composition and structure distribution of the prokaryotic community as well as environmental factors influencing it.

Bacterial abundance was found to decrease with sediment depth although the richness of both bacterial and archaeal assemblages slightly increased with sediment depth. In terms of composition, a strongly stratified sediment–depth pattern was observed in which Proteobacteria, Desulfobacterota, Bacteroidota and Verrucomicrobiota dominated the inventories in the surface sediment layers, whereas Chloroflexi, Spirochaetota, Planctomycetota, Crenarchaeota were more abundant in the deep sediment layers. Organic matter contents and sources were identified as major factors shaping the structure of the prokaryotic community.

Overall, our study provides new evidence about how lake sediment's prokaryotic community are linked to external sources of energy. This complement existing data from other lake systems towards a better understanding of sediment prokaryotic community's contribution to biogeochemical cycle in lakes.
Vital pulp therapy—Factors influencing decision‐making for permanent mature teeth with irreversible pulpitis: A systematic review
Authors: Alfaisal Yasmen , Idris Ghassan , Peters Ove A. , Zafar Sobia , Nagendrababu Venkateshbabu , Peters Christine I. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is an increased tendency towards adopting minimally invasive interventions in dentistry, supported by advancement in materials and techniques. However, the decision‐making process in choosing conservative or invasive treatments is influenced by several factors, particularly in permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis.ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to systematically review the literature regarding factors that influence decision‐making for vital pulp therapy (VPT) as definitive treatment option in permanent mature teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis.MethodsTwo independent reviewers searched five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library). Grey literature was searched through Google Scholar and contact with experts. Defined search keys were applied, and all peer‐reviewed literature published with no language nor publication date limits were included. The All studies investigating the factors influencing treatment decision‐making in mature permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis were included. The quality of included studies was assessed by two independent reviewers using the Joanna Briggs Institute quality assessment tool.ResultsSix articles were included in the review. All included studies used questionnaires to characterize clinician preferences and attitudes in choosing treatment options for mature permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis. The available evidence suggests that dentist‐related factors have a significant influence on the chosen treatment in teeth with irreversible pulpitis, with speciality training and years of experience influencing the choice of VPT over other treatment options. COVID‐19 reportedly swayed the dentists’ decision to favour VPT. Only one article studied the influence of patient‐related factors, such as age and presence of spontaneous pain on decision‐making. Of note, a history of cardiovascular disease moved dentists towards prescribing VPT.DiscussionCollectively, the included studies demonstrated an overriding influence of dentist‐related factors on choosing among treatment options for painful teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis. Patient‐related factors were acknowledged but there are also potential factors such as socio‐economic constraints that were not included in the component studies.ConclusionIn teeth with irreversible pulpitis clinicians educational background influence the decision towards a specific treatment option. Further data, preferably derived from clinical records, is necessary in future investigations to explore the effect of other important factors related to both dentists and patients.RegistrationPROSPERO database (CRD42022339653).
Artificial intelligence in voice assistants: User benefits explored
Authors: Kim Minseong , Kim Jihye 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study demonstrates that consumers' perceptions of voice assistant device (VAD) elements promote psychological ownership and interface flow experience, resulting in satisfaction with, and loyalty toward VADs. To that end, this study collected VAD users in the United States and conducted structural equation modeling to empirically examine the relationships among the variables. The empirical findings indicated that perceived artificiality and intelligence had significant influences on psychological ownership and flow experience. In addition, the empirical results demonstrated that psychological ownership resulted in flow experience with VADs, significantly affecting customer satisfaction and loyalty toward VADs. Finally, customer satisfaction had a significant impact on loyalty. Based on the empirical findings, this study provided meaningful implications for marketing scholars and practitioners.
Individualized small bowel preparation for computed tomography enterography: A prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sun Yi‐Ning , Li Yue‐Yue , Zheng Meng‐Qi , Liang Yong‐Feng , Ji Rui , Yang Xiao‐Xiao , Qu Jun‐Yan , Li Zhen , Zuo Xiu‐Li , Li Yan‐Qing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimThe study aims to evaluate the feasibility of body mass index (BMI)‐based individualized small bowel preparation for computed tomography enterography (CTE).MethodsIn this prospective randomized controlled study, patients undergoing CTE were randomly assigned to the individualized group or standardized group. Those in individualized group were given different volumes of mannitol solution based on BMI (1000 mL for patients with BMI < 18.5 kg/m2, 1500 mL for patients with 18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m2 and 2000 mL for patients with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) while patients in the standardized group were all asked to consume 1500‐mL mannitol solution. CTE images were reviewed by two experienced radiologists blindly. Each segment of the small bowel was assessed for small bowel image quality and disease detection rates. Patients were invited to record a diary regarding adverse events and acceptance.ResultsA total of 203 patients were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups. For patients with BMI < 18.5 kg/m2, 1000‐mL mannitol solution permitted a significantly lower rate of flatulence (P = 0.045) and defecating frequency (P = 0.011) as well as higher acceptance score (P = 0.015), but did not affect bowel image quality and diseases detection compared with conventional dosage. For patients with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, 2000‐mL mannitol solution provided better overall image quality (P = 0.033) but comparable rates of adverse events and patients' acceptance compared with conventional dosage.ConclusionsIndividualized bowel preparation could achieve both satisfactory image quality and patients' acceptance thus might be an acceptable alternative in CTE.
Combination of 5% cysteamine and 4% nicotinamide in melasma: Efficacy, tolerability, and safety
Authors: Crocco Elisete Isabel , Torloni Liliana , Fernandes Paula Bonilha , de Campos Maria Elisa Barbosa Bueno , Gonzaga Maura , Silva Fernanda Cristina , Nasario João Paulo Sardin , Guerra Lucas Offenbecker , Csipak Angélica Richart , Castilho Vivienne Carduz 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundMelasma is a chronic dermatosis that impacts the patient's quality of life and can present considerable challenges in terms of effective treatment.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness, tolerability, and safety of 5% cysteamine combined with 4% nicotinamide in female subjects with melasma.MethodsThis single‐center, single‐arm, prospective, open‐label study evaluated patients with melasma using a combination cream of 5% cysteamine and 4% nicotinamide in a progressive regimen (60 min in the first month, 120 min in the second month, and 180 min in the third month).ResultsOverall, 35 treated subjects exhibited reduced modified Melasma Area and Severity Index (mMASI) (p < 0.001) and decreased MelasQoL scores (p < 0.001), accompanied by improved brightness, luminosity, homogeneity, and spot intensity (p < 0.001). Photographic and colorimetric analysis revealed smaller spots and improved homogeneity.LimitationsAdherence to progressive daily treatment could not be evaluated long‐term.ConclusionA combination cream comprising 5% cysteamine and 4% nicotinamide was effective, tolerable, and safe for treating melasma.
Women's experiences with opting out of cervical cancer screening and the role of the nurse in the women's decision‐making process
Authors: Damsgaard Signe , Allergodt Kristin , Handberg Charlotte 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimTo explore Danish women's experiences with opting out of cervical cancer screening and the role of the nurse in the women's decision‐making process.DesignA qualitative study using semi‐structured, individual interviews with a phenomenological‐hermeneutic approach.MethodsInterviews were conducted with 13 women with experience in opting out of cervical cancer screening. Women were recruited through a public flyer and interviewed virtually or by phone. The interviews were analysed using the theory of interpretation from Paul Ricoeur and consisted of three levels: naïve reading, structural analysis, and critical discussion and analysis. The present study adheres to the COREQ guidelines.ResultsThe women experience various personal causes for opting out of cervical cancer screening, such as low accessibility of screening appointments, discomfort during the smear test, fear of being sick, and insufficient information about the relevance of screening to the individual woman. The perceived disadvantages of screening outweighed their perceived advantages. The women's experiences did not include the role of the nurse in the procedures and knowledge sharing related to cervical cancer screening. However, nurses were described as having good communicative and relational qualifications relevant to being involved in cervical cancer screening.ConclusionIt was challenging for the women to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of cervical cancer screening and thus to make an informed decision about participation. They expressed a need for more information on which to base their decision. This places nurses in a much needed, yet unexplored, role of identifying and lowering potential personal barriers that may outweigh the women's perceived benefits of participating in screening.Implication for the profession and/or patient careNurses should play a more active role in cervical cancer screening such as improving general knowledge and facilitating two‐way communication about its relevance.Reporting MethodThe present study adheres to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Validity and reliability study of the Cardiff Fertility Knowledge Scale in Turkish
Authors: Odabaş Resmiye Kaya , Ergin Ayla , Birinci Figen Başkan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimThis study aims to determine the Turkish validity and reliability of the Cardiff Fertility Knowledge Scale.MethodsThis methodological research was conducted between April and December 2022 with 302 married individuals at a health center in Kocaeli province, Turkey. Research data were collected using a Personal Information Form and the Cardiff Fertility Knowledge Scale. Content construct and face validity, item analysis, factor analysis, and internal consistency were used to evaluate the data.ResultsThe content validity index of the scale was found to be 0.97, and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the Turkish version was 0.68. The total scores of the top 27% group were significantly higher than the scores of the bottom 27% group (p < 0.01). As a result of the analyses, the final version of the scale consisted of 11 items and had a single factor structure, explaining 44.45% of the scale's variance.ConclusionThe results of the study demonstrate that the Turkish version of the Cardiff Fertility Knowledge Scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to assess individuals' fertility knowledge.
Thermophilization and reshuffling of montane leaf beetle communities over a two‐decade period
Authors: Rodríguez‐Pacheco Alba , Formoso‐Freire Victoria , Olalla Lorenzo‐Carballa M. , Baselga Andrés , Gómez‐Rodríguez Carola 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGiven the sensitivity of mountain biodiversity to human pressure, it is essential to quantify changes in montane biological communities and contrast them with expectations based on potential drivers of change. This need is particularly pressing for biological groups representing important but little‐studied fractions of biodiversity, such as insects. We analyze the temporal changes (between 1998 and 2015) of leaf beetle communities in an altitudinal gradient in the Sierra de Ancares (NW Spain). Our results show temporal changes in the composition of local communities, with a tendency to assemblage thermophilization, as well as a homogenization of the spatial turnover pattern, mostly driven by an increased similarity between communities at the lower and intermediate altitudes. These temporal changes in community composition and in the spatial structure of biodiversity were associated with upward shifts of the upper altitudinal limit of warm‐adapted species and with downward shifts of the lower altitudinal limit of cold‐adapted species. While this upward shift is consistent with expectations of climate change effects, the observed downward shift suggests a land‐use change effect. Our results point to the joint effect of multiple factors (climate and land‐use change) behind temporal changes of these leaf beetle communities, which result in compositional reorganization and biotic homogenization, rather than a mere coherent displacement toward higher altitudes. More generally, we show that understanding temporal change of biodiversity requires assessing multiple community‐level metrics (e.g., variation in assemblage composition and/or changes in spatial turnover) for the detection of tendencies among the species‐specific signals (e.g., altitudinal range shifts).