bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐cell RNA sequencing of human prostate basal epithelial cells reveals zone‐specific cellular populations and gene expression signatures
Authors: Vellky Jordan E , Wu Yaqi , Moline Daniel , Drnevich Jenny , Maienschein‐Cline Mark , Valyi‐Nagy Klara , Kajdacsy‐Balla Andre , Vander Griend Donald J 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDespite evidence of genetic signatures in normal tissue correlating with disease risk, prospectively identifying genetic drivers and cell types that underlie subsequent pathologies has historically been challenging. The human prostate is an ideal model to investigate this phenomenon because it is anatomically segregated into three glandular zones (central, peripheral, and transition) that develop differential pathologies: prostate cancer in the peripheral zone (PZ) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the transition zone (TZ), with the central zone (CZ) rarely developing disease. More specifically, prostatic basal cells have been implicated in differentiation and proliferation during prostate development and regeneration; however, the contribution of zonal variation and the critical role of basal cells in prostatic disease etiology are not well understood. Using single‐cell RNA sequencing of primary prostate epithelial cultures, we elucidated organ‐specific, zone‐specific, and cluster‐specific gene expression differences in basal cells isolated from human prostate and seminal vesicle (SV). Aggregated analysis identified ten distinct basal clusters by Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection. Organ specificity compared gene expression in SV with the prostate. As expected, SV cells were distinct from prostate cells by clustering, gene expression, and pathway analysis. For prostate zone specificity, we identified two CZ‐specific clusters, while the TZ and PZ populations clustered together. Despite these similarities, differential gene expression was identified between PZ and TZ samples that correlated with gene expression profiles in prostate cancer and BPH, respectively. Zone‐specific profiles and cell type‐specific markers were validated using immunostaining and bioinformatic analyses of publicly available RNA‐seq datasets. Understanding the baseline differences at the organ, zonal, and cellular level provides important insight into the potential drivers of prostatic disease and guides the investigation of novel preventive or curative treatments. Importantly, this study identifies multiple prostate basal cell populations and cell type‐specific gene signatures within prostate basal epithelial cells that have potential critical roles in driving prostatic diseases. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Development and cross‐validation of simple HPLC‐fluorescence and UPLC‐MS‐UV methods for rapid determination of oleuropein in olive leaves
Authors: Carrara Morgane , Kelly Mary T. , Griffin Lauren , Margout‐Jantac Delphine 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionOlive leaves, abundant by‐products of the olive oil industry, are a rich source of oleuropein, an important polyphenol in olive leaves. So far, no published methods have been validated using matrix standards for oleuropein quantification in olive leaves.ObjectivesThe study aimed to develop an HPLC method for oleuropein determination in olive leaves using spiked matrix standards prepared from a blank olive leaf matrix, to validate the method with respect to aqueous standards, and cross‐validate the HPLC method with UPLC‐MS and UPLC‐UV techniques.MethodologyOleuropein was extracted into methanol and analysed by HPLC with fluorescence detection (FLD; excitation and emission wavelengths 281 and 316 nm, respectively) and by UPLC‐MS‐UV. For validation, calibration curves of spiked matrix standards (0.4 to 4.8 mg/g) were analysed by the three methods over several days. Oleuropein was then analysed in French olive varieties.ResultsFor the HPLC‐FLD method, repeatability and intermediate precision were less than 5% RSD and linearity was demonstrated by the Fischer test. Differences in results of the spiked placebos by the three methods were non‐significant, as confirmed by ANOVA. Extraction recovery was >90%, and there was a strong linear relationship between authentic and spiked matrix standards. The determination of oleuropein in French olive varieties is reported, including analysis in “Olivière” cultivar for the first time, leaves of which contained twice the amount of oleuropein compared with “Picholine”.ConclusionAccurate quantification of oleuropein is possible using aqueous standards. Cross‐validation indicates that selective analysis can equally be carried out by HPLC or by UPLC‐MS techniques.
Successful implementation of a stakeholder engagement program for pharmacoepidemiologic research
Authors: Cromer Sara J. , Steiner Barbara , York Cassie , Mastrorilli Julianna , Lake Gillian A. , Leibowitz Sherry , Simmons Leigh , Steppel‐Reznik Jeanne , Low Greg , Fischer Michael A. , Patorno Elisabetta , Wexler Deborah J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeRigorously conducted pharmacoepidemiologic research requires methodologically complex study designs and analysis yet evaluates problems of high importance to patients and clinicians. Despite this, participation in and mechanisms for stakeholder engagement in pharmacoepidemiologic research are not well‐described. Here, we describe our approach and lessons learned from engaging stakeholders, of varying familiarity with research methods, in a rigorous multi‐year pharmacoepidemiologic research program evaluating the comparative effectiveness of diabetes medications.MethodsWe recruited 5 patient and 4 clinician stakeholders; each was compensated for their time. Stakeholders received initial formal training in observational research and pharmacoepidemiologic methods sufficient to enable contribution to the research project. After onboarding, stakeholder engagement meetings were held virtually, in the evening, 2–3 times annually. Each was approximately 90 min and focused on 1–2 specific questions about the project, with preparatory materials sent in advance.ResultsStakeholder meeting attendance was high (89%–100%), and all stakeholders engaged with the research project, both during and between meetings. Stakeholders reported positive experiences with meetings, satisfaction, and interest in the research project and its findings, and dedication to the success of the project's goals. They affirmed the value of receiving materials to review in advance and the effectiveness of a virtual platform. Their contributions included prioritizing and suggesting research questions, optimizing written evidence briefs for a lay audience, and guidance on broader topics such as research audience and methods of dissemination.ConclusionsStakeholder engagement in pharmacoepidemiologic research using complex study designs and analysis is feasible, acceptable, and positively impacts the research project.
Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics analysis and establishment of optimal dosing regimens using unbound cefmetazole concentration for patients infected with Extended‐Spectrum β‐lactamase producing Enterobacterales (ESBL‐E)
Authors: Namiki Takaya , Yokoyama Yuta , Hashi Hideki , Oda Rentaro , Jibiki Aya , Kawazoe Hitoshi , Matsumoto Kazuaki , Suzuki Sayo , Nakamura Tomonori 
Published: November 2023

AbstractStudy ObjectiveEstablish methods for measuring cefmetazole (CMZ) concentrations conduct a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) analysis using unbound CMZ concentrations for extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase producing enterobacterales (ESBL‐E) and investigate optimal dosing regimens for not undergoing hemodialysis (non‐HD) and undergoing hemodialysis (HD) patients.DesignProspective observational study.PatientsIncluded patients treated with CMZ who provided written informed consent and were admitted to the Tokyo Bay Urayasu Ichikawa Medical Center between August 2021 and July 2022.MeasurementsTotal and Unbound CMZ concentration was measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with solid‐phase extraction and ultrafiltration.SettingDetermining the CMZ dosing regimen involved modified creatinine clearance (CLCR) with measured body weight (BW) using the Cockcroft–Gault equation. For non‐HD patients, blood samples were collected during at least three points. For patients undergoing HD, 1 g was administered via intravenous infusion, or rapid intravenous injection after HD, or 30 min before the end of HD. Blood samples were collected before HD (pre‐HD), and 1 and 3 h after starting HD and post‐HD. All blood samples were collected at steady‐state. Patient information was collected from electronic medical records. An unbound PK model was constructed for the non‐HD patients. A nomogram was constructed using Monte Carlo simulations with a 90% probability of target attainment at 70% free time above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). For the HD patients, a nomogram was used to determine the optimal dosing regimen for each HD schedule.Main ResultsCMZ measurement methods were established. A model analysis of unbound PK in 37 non‐HD patients incorporated creatinine clearance (CLCR) using the Cockcroft–Gault equation, albumin (ALB) for clearance and body weight (BW) for the volume of distribution. In Monte Carlo simulations, nomograms corresponding to the MIC (known and unknown) were generated for each covariate. Using the nomogram, non‐HD patients with an ESBL‐E MIC of 8 mg/L, a BW of 60 kg, an ALB of 25 g/L, and a CLCR of 60 mL/min required administration of 2 g every 6 h (1‐ and 3‐h infusions). Unbound PK model parameters were calculated for 7 HD patients, and the optimal dosing regimens following PK/PD were determined for each HD schedule. In HD patients, the regimen after and during HD was established using a treatment that was effective up to an ESBL‐E MIC of 4 mg/L.ConclusionsThe nomogram for CMZ regimens established by PK/PD analysis of measured CMZ concentrations enables optimal CMZ dosing for ESBL‐E‐infected patients.
Effects of micro and nano fillers on the mechanical and thermal properties of hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene‐polyurethane based rocket motor liner
Authors: Erten Emre , Atalar Taner , Kaynak Cevdet 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCase bonded solid rocket motors hold significant importance in both the defense and aerospace industries which typically consist of an insulating layer, a solid propellant, and a liner layer serving as an adhesive between the insulator and solid propellant. In this investigation, the aim was to assess the critical mechanical properties of five different HTPB based liner formulations under ambient conditions, as well as at elevated and reduced temperatures. The liner formulations incorporated micro carbon black, nano carbon black, nano silica, and nano titania as fillers. A comprehensive characterization study encompassing mechanical and thermal properties was conducted to evaluate the performance of these potential rocket motor liners. Mobility reduction of polymer chains and bond strengthening at lower temperatures led to the enhancement in mechanical properties of all filled and unfilled liners with decline in temperature. All mechanical properties of filled liner formulations increased significantly compared to unfilled formulation at all temperatures. Enhancements in mechanical properties were more pronounced with carbon blacks as fillers. Thermal analyses of each formulation revealed that there were improvements in the thermal properties of filled liners compared to unfilled one.
Trade impacts of external border measures under the European Union's plant health legislation
Authors: Barreiro‐Hurle Jesus , García‐Alvarez‐Coque Jose Maria , Martinez‐Gomez Victor , Marti Luisa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis article assesses whether the European Union's (EU's) plant health regulations have had an impact on imports. A dynamic modelling approach was applied, using a two‐step generalized method of moments estimator for panel data, and covering an 8‐year period (2013–2020). The estimated equation includes volumes of trade, economic drivers, the trading partner, and variables capturing categories of import requirements (phytosanitary certificates, exemptions, restrictions) with regards to external border measures for enhanced biosecurity.ResultsFrom the analysis we can conclude that the import regime and its recent changes have had a limited impact, if any, on trade flows of the affected products. The most significant impact is found for products classified as high‐risk plants, while the extension of the phytosanitary certificate requirement to new products seems to have had negligible effects on trade.ConclusionTherefore, the plant protection regime for extra‐EU trade seems to be not trade distorting while supplying a framework to enhance plant health in the EU. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Marburg virus outbreak in Tanzania: A threat to global health security
Authors: Edward Majani , Scott Godfred Yawson , John Withness , Rajabu Martha Ernest , Mahulu Elton , Saidu Musa Shuaibu , Don Eliseo Lucero‐Prisno III 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe current Marburg virus (MARV) outbreak in Tanzania served as a stark reminder of the ongoing threat posed by emerging infectious diseases and the urgent need for global health security. The Tanzanian Ministry of Health (MoH) officially declared the outbreak on March 21, 2023. Eight cases in all, five of which included fatalities, have been reported in the country at present. The virus is a member of the Filoviridae family closely related to the widely known Ebola virus. Similar to other filoviruses, MARV causes acute and lethal hemorrhagic fever in both human and nonhuman primates with high case fatality rates ranging from 24% to 90%. The outbreak has highlighted the need for improved disease surveillance and response systems, as well as increased funding for research into emerging infectious diseases. The Tanzanian MoH has deployed a response team to investigate and monitor the transmission in the Kagera Region. The team works closely in collaboration with other organizations, such as the World Health Organization and the Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, to ensure the effective control of the situation. Although there is no vaccine or treatment approved for Marburg virus disease (MVD), supportive management improves survival. Existing infection prevention and control protocols for Ebola and other viral hemorrhagic fevers such as isolation and use of appropriate personal protective equipment can be used to prevent transmission of MVD. The global community must work together to strengthen health systems, enhance research efforts, and build resilient and responsive health systems to prevent future outbreaks of this kind. In this article, we have analyzed the MVD outbreak in Tanzania, specifically in the Bukoba district of the Kagera Region, and provided recommendations for the management of the current outbreak and future outbreaks.
Preliminary evaluation for ultrasound‐guided targeted prostate biopsy using a portable surgical robot: Ex vivo results
Authors: Jiang Wenhe , Gao Yongzhuo , Wen Mingwei , Ye Zhichao , Liang Huageng , Wu Dongmei , Dong Wei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundRobotic systems are increasingly used to enhance clinical outcomes in prostate intervention. To evaluate the clinical value of the proposed portable robot, the robot‐assisted and robot‐targeted punctures were validated experimentally.MethodThe robot registration utilising the electromagnetic tracker achieves coordinate transformation from the ultrasound (US) image to the robot. Subsequently, Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)‐guided phantom trials were conducted for robot‐assisted, free‐hand, and robot‐targeted punctures.ResultsThe accuracy of robot registration was 0.95 mm, and the accuracy of robot‐assisted, free‐hand, and robot‐targeted punctures was 2.38 ± 0.64 mm, 3.11 ± 0.72 mm, and 3.29 ± 0.83 mm sequentially.ConclusionThe registration method has been successfully applied to robot‐targeted puncture. Current results indicate that the accuracy of robot‐targeted puncture is slightly inferior to that of manual operations. Moreover, in manual operation, robot‐assisted puncture improves the accuracy of free‐hand puncture. Accuracy superior to 3.5 mm demonstrates the clinical applicability of both robot‐assisted and robot‐targeted punctures.
Environmental Health Check: How third‐party environmental evaluation project affects corporate environmental responsibility
Authors: Jiang Wenbing , Wang Xuejun , Du Lei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThird‐party environmental evaluation by environmental organizations can provide an independent professional evaluation of firms' environmental behaviors. Because environmental organizations aim to improve environmental welfare, which reflects value rationality than instrumental rationality. We argue that third‐party environmental evaluation can reduce information asymmetries between central and local governments, and induce local governments to strengthen environmental enforcement, which in turn increases the pressure on polluters. At the same time, third‐party evaluation improves transparency and exposes firms' environmental opportunistic behavior, which increases the pressure on firms to take more responsibility for environmental protection. In an analysis of a large sample of Chinese listed firms over the period 2009–2018, we find that third‐party evaluation from environmental organizations has a positive impact on firms' environmental responsibility. This positive effect is stronger for firms located in regions with weak local protectionism and weaker for firms with less external shareholder monitoring.
Trifloaluminate Ionic Liquids Supported UIO‐67 as Lewis Acidic Catalyst for Excellent Synthesis of Alkyl Levulinates
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Umair , Zhao Guoying , Hussain Shahid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHerein, levulinate acid esters (LAEs) were efficiently synthesized from the α‐angelica lactone (α‐AL) esterification with trifloaluminate ionic liquids supported UIO‐67 MOF as Lewis acidic catalyst. A series of UIO‐67 catalysts with varied trifloaluminate ionic liquids loading were prepared via the post‐modification method and exhibited excellent catalytic activity for α‐AL esterification. Remarkable α‐AL conversion (100 %) and LAEs selectivity (>99 %) were achieved by UIO‐67 catalysts (0.2 mol %) with 12.4 %, trifloaluminate ionic liquids loading (UIO‐67‐TFA) at 70 °C and 90 min. The UIO‐67‐TFA catalyst can be reused at least 5 cycles without significant loss of catalytic activity. The UIO‐67‐TFA catalysts were fully characterized by XRD, SEM, XPS, TGA, IR, N2 physisorption, etc. The results indicated that the well‐distributed active trifloaluminate Lewis acid catalytic sites, high BET surface area, and good thermal stability could contribute to its excellent catalytic activity.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Molecularly Imprinted Nanoparticles for Detection and Quantification of Zolpidem In Human Plasma
Authors: Landi Behnaz , Kobarfard Farzad , Banan Kamran , Keçili Rüstem , Ghorbani‐Bidkorpeh Fatemeh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn response to the alarming rates of zolpidem abuse, this study presents a pioneering approach utilizing molecularly imprinted nanoparticles (MIPs) in conjunction with high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the selective detection of zolpidem. The rational choice of zolpidem as the target analyte stems from its widespread misuse and clinical significance. The MIPs were prepared using the precipitation polymerization method, resulting in monodispersed nanoparticles with a size of approximately 258.8 nm. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of zolpidem into the MIPs, designed with tailored cavities for zolpidem recognition. Moreover, incorporating the bathochromic shift phenomenon reaffirms the successful imprinting procedure. The rebinding studies showed that MIPs were highly efficient in adsorbing zolpidem from the solvent, with more than 95 % of the drug recovered after multiple cycles. The selectivity study demonstrated the MIPs′ preference for zolpidem over another drug, diazepam. The MIPs′ successful separation of zolpidem from spiked human plasma samples further validates their potential for practical applications, such as clinical toxicology. This research showcases the potential of MIPs coupled with HPLC as a powerful tool for accurate zolpidem quantification, holding great promise for combating drug abuse and advancing analytical methodologies for pharmaceutical analysis.
Flexible Block Copolymer Metamaterials Featuring Hollow Ordered Nanonetworks with Ultra‐High Porosity and Surface‐To‐Volume Ratio
Authors: Lin I‐Ming , Yang Chih‐Ying , Wang Yi‐Ming , Wang Wei‐En , Hung Yu‐Chueh , Thomas Edwin L. , Chiang Yeo‐Wan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBy utilizing bicontinuous and nanoporous ordered nanonetworks, such as double gyroid (DG) and double diamond (DD), metamaterials with exceptional optical and mechanical properties can be fabricated through the templating synthesis of functional materials. However, the volume fraction range of DG in block copolymers is significantly narrow, making it unable to vary its porosity and surface‐to‐volume ratio. Here, the theoretically limited structural volume of the DG phase in coil‐coil copolymers is overcome by enlarging the conformational asymmetry through the association of mesogens, providing fast access to achieving flexible structured materials of ultra‐high porosities. The new materials design, dual‐extractable nanocomposite, is created by incorporating a photodegradable block with a solvent‐extractable mesogen (m) into an accepting block, resulting in a new hollow gyroid (HG) with the largely increased surface‐to‐volume ratio and porosity of 77 vol%. The lightweight HG exhibits a low refractive index of 1.11 and a very high specific reduced modulus, almost two times that of the typical negative gyroid (porosity≈53%) and three times that of the positive gyroid (porosity≈24%). This novel concept can significantly extend the DG phase window of block copolymers and the corresponding surface‐to‐volume ratio, being applicable for nanotemplate‐synthesized nanomaterials with a great gain of mechanical, catalytic, and optoelectronic properties.
Structure and Electron Engineering for Nitrate Electrocatalysis to Ammonia: Identification and Modification of Active Sites in Spinel Oxides
Authors: Yan Jianyue , Liu Peng , Li Jiawen , Huang Hao , Song Wenbo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCobalt spinel oxides, which consist of tetrahedral site (AO4) and octahedral site (BO6), are a potential group of transition metal oxides (TMO) for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reactions to ammonia (NRA). Identifying the true active site in spinel oxides is crucial to designing advanced catalysts. This work reveals that the CoO6 site is the dominant site for NRA through the site substitution strategy. The suitable electronic configuration of Co at the octahedral site leads to a stronger interaction between the Co d‐orbital and the O p‐orbital in O‐containing intermediates, resulting in a high‐efficiency nitrate‐to‐ammonia reduction. Furthermore, the substitution of metallic elements at the AO4 site can affect the charge density at the BO6 site via the structure of A‐O‐B. Thereafter, Ni and Cu are introduced to replace the tetrahedral site in spinel oxides and optimize the electronic structure of CoO6. As a result, NiCo2O4 exhibits the best activity for NRA with an outstanding yield of NH3 (15.49 mg cm−2 h−1) and FE (99.89%). This study introduces a novel paradigm for identifying the active site and proposes an approach for constructing high‐efficiency electrocatalysts for NRA.