bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electroencephalography as a diagnostic tool for late-onset efavirenz neurotoxicity syndrome
Authors: Nightingale Sam , Ssemmanda Salvatore , Tucker Lawrence M. , Eastman Roland W. , Lee Pan Eddy B. 
Published: November 2023

Introduction
To examine electroencephalogram (EEG) as a diagnostic tool for late-onset efavirenz (EFV) neurotoxicity syndrome (LENS), an uncommon but severe and potentially fatal complication of EFV therapy.

Methods
We conducted a Retrospective case-control study. EEGs from confirmed cases of LENS (clinical syndrome and plasma EFV >4ug/mL) recorded from June 2016 to May 2021 were compared with control EEGs from the same time-period. Controls were adults (18–70 years) with a similar indication for EEG (eg. encephalopathy or confusion), dysrhythmia generalised grade II, and LENS excluded. EEGs were reviewed by two blinded interpreters given a description of the characteristic EEG changes, ie. persistent, diffuse, high voltage, bisynchronous, monomorphic 4–7 Hz theta frequency waveforms with transient attenuation on eye opening. Interpreters were asked to determine whether EEGs showed definite, probable or no changes.

Results
Thirteen LENS cases were compared with 50 control EEGs. Interpreter 1 labelled 11/13 LENS cases as having define or probable changes, and interpreter 2 labelled 10/13. Interpreter 1 labelled probable changes in 1/50 controls and interpreter 2 in 3/50. Neither interpreter labelled any controls as having definite changes. Interrater reliability was good with 95% agreement and a Cohen’s kappa of 0.83. Sensitivity of EEG under these conditions for the diagnosis of LENS was 85% and 77% for interpreters 1 and 2 respectively, and specificity was 98% and 94%.

Conclusions
EEG is a useful tool in the diagnosis of LENS which can be used to aid clinical decisions while awaiting EFV levels, or in low-resource settings where EFV levels are not available.
A relação entre e a Intendência Geral da Polícia e as magistraturas régias periféricas: o caso de Óbidos (1780-1806)
Authors: Catarina Duarte Alves Dina 
Published: November 2023

A crescente monopolização do sistema judiciário pelo Estado culminou com a criação da Intendência Geral da Polícia da Corte e do Reino em 1760. Esta instituição articulou-se com as magistraturas régias periféricas com vista à punição dos crimes e à modelação das relações sociais a partir de padrões valorativos considerados racionalistas.Neste artigo, elaborado a partir da análise da intensa troca de correspondência entre a Intendência e as magistraturas régias periféricas, nomeadamente entre a corregedoria da Comarca de Alenquer e o magistrado régio de Óbidos, no período compreendido entre 1780 e 1806, pretende-se perscrutar as áreas de atuação da Intendência no espaço em análise, bem como a relação existente entre esta e a magistratura régia obidense nos finais do Antigo Regime.
Este estudo evidencia uma forte intervenção da Intendência nas áreas da manutenção da ordem e tranquilidade públicas, modelação dos comportamentos morais e recrutamento militar. Revela-se, igualmente, a sua função disciplinadora e de controlo social. No que concerne à sua relação com as magistraturas régias periféricas verifica-se um cerceamento da autonomia das últimas, convertendo-se, doravante, em diligentes executoras das ordens de um Intendente que exercia competências de policiamento, mas, também, judiciais.
Effect of meal time on postprandial glycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity not receiving insulin
Authors: Misnikova I. V. , Zoloeva D. E. , Glazkov A. A. 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: Postprandial hyperglycemia (PPG) is associated with micro- and macrovascular diseases in patients with T2DM. Severity of postprandial peaks depends on composition and amount of food. Circadian rhythms can influence PPG, which may determine variability of glycemia during day. According to literature, in persons without T2DM, PPG is maximum after dinner. Features of the postprandial response in patients with T2DM are not effective enough.AIM: To assess variability of postprandial glycemia based on flash glucose monitoring (FGM) depending on meal times in patients with T2DM not receiving insulin.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Open prospective study. T2DM patients were managed on FMG FreeStyle Libre. Each patient carried out 9 tests with three types of food loads: boiled buckwheat (250 grams), apple (200 grams) and white bread (30 grams) for breakfast, lunch and dinner.Statistical analysis of PPG by area under glycemic curve (AUC) and area under glycemic curve excluding starting glycemia (delta AUC), analysis of glycemia before meals (Start_gly) was carried out. Effect of time of food intake and food type was assessed with a two-way RM ANOVA using R 4.1.2. for quantitative variables, arithmetic means and standard deviations (M±SD) are presented.RESULTS: A total of 29 patients were included. Data from 17 patients, 153 food loading tests, were included in analysis. Both food type (p=0.037) and time of food intake (p=0.003) were shown to have a significant effect on the AUC. Maximum AUC values were observed after breakfast (p=0.005 vs supper, p<0.001 vs dinner), and buckwheat intake (p=0.01 vs apple).For the delta AUC only type of food (p=0.003) had significant influence. Delta AUC was higher for buckwheat than for apple (p=0.001) and wheat bread (p=0.012).CONCLUSION: Patients with T2DM who do not receive insulin have higher PCG levels after breakfast compared to lunch and dinner, regardless of the type of food load. Rise in glucose after a food load relative to initial values does not significantly differ from time of a meal, which does not coincide with known data on the maximum rise in glycemia on a food stimulus after dinner, which is observed in individuals without DM2.
A link between Kendall’s τ, the length measure and the surface of bivariate copulas, and a consequence to copulas with self-similar support
Authors: Sánchez Juan Fernández , Trutschnig Wolfgang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Working with shuffles, we establish a close link between Kendall’s

τ

\tau

, the so-called length measure, and the surface area of bivariate copulas and derive some consequences. While it is well known that Spearman’s

ρ

\rho

of a bivariate copula

A

A

is a rescaled version of the volume of the area under the graph of

A

A

, in this contribution we show that the other famous concordance measure, Kendall’s

τ

\tau

, allows for a simple geometric interpretation as well – it is inextricably linked to the surface area of

A

A

.
Ultrasound-assisted green synthesis and in silico study of 6-(4-(butylamino)-6-(diethylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxypyridazine derivatives
Authors: Gomktsyan Tiruhi , Khachatryan Angelina , Avakyan Diana , Hunanyan Lernik , Shainova Roza , Karapetyan Armen , Ghazaryan Emma , Vorskanyan Asya , Dovlatyan Margarita , Gharibyan Yana , Yengoyan Aleksandr , Pivazyan Vergush 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Eco-friendly ultrasound-assisted synthesis of a series of 3-N-substituted 6-((4-(butylamino)-6-(diethylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy)pyridazin-3(2H)-one derivatives and in silico study to predict their biological activities were carried out. Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties were obtained. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity properties and bioavailability index were calculated. A comparative analysis of structural similarity based on the Tanimoto coefficient was carried out.
Investigating the targeted use of (dis)agreement in leave to appeal decisions of the HKSAR appellate courts: a corpus-assisted discourse analysis
Authors: Ye Meng , Mckeown Jamie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study explores the use of targeted (dis)agreement by judges in leave to appeal decisions of the HKSAR appellate courts. This is achieved by applying proclaim (i.e., pronounce, concur, and endorse) and disclaim (i.e., deny and counter) of Appraisal theory and a typology of discourse targets (i.e., General, Responsive, and Specific). The study identifies significant frequency differences in the use of targeted (dis)agreement between a corpus of grant and a corpus of dismissal decisions. Amongst other things, the findings show that, in grant decisions, judges used a greater amount of General proclaim (i.e., pronounce) to convey how applications satisfied the relevant legal requirements. Contrastively, in dismissal decisions, judges used a greater amount of General/Responsive proclaim (i.e., endorse and concur) to express agreement with the lower courts, case law, and general principles of law (which essentially functioned as rebuttals to the arguments submitted by applicants). General concur was also used to highlight general legal principles so as to classify current cases negatively. The present study also examines the impact of targeted (dis)agreement on outcomes (i.e., grant or dismiss). The findings demonstrate that General/Responsive proclaim and General/Responsive disclaim acted as independent predictors with either a positive or negative influence on the outcomes. The implications of these findings are discussed in the final section of the study.
A Doxological Response to the Problem of Disenchantment
Authors: Rae Robert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In recent years, much attention has been paid to the problem of disenchantment, perhaps most notably in the extensive work of Charles Taylor. This article examines the disenchantment narrative as formulated by Max Weber and appropriated by Charles Taylor, and augment this with the perspective offered by Jason Josephson-Storm and other interlocutors, to generate a reading suitable for theological use. It suggests ways in which the human person and society might be affected by disenchantment. Finally, it explores means by which prayer might be used as a resource for dealing with the causes and symptoms of disenchantment, following the example of Andrew Prevot’s careful exploration of prayer as a source of Christian thought. Prevot’s concept of doxological theology (‘thinking prayer’) is particularly useful for resisting what he identifies as three crises of modernity: secularity, the fate of Western metaphysics, and socioeconomic and identity-based violence. This describes the imperative for studies in this area: insofar as the process of disenchantment contributes to the systematic violence and dehumanisation inherent in modernity, it is vital to explore the mechanics of that process and possible tools to combat it.
Is Poland Still the Bulwark of Christendom?
Authors: Jaworski Krzysztof 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive examination of the current state of research in Polish practical theology, focusing on the significant pastoral challenges confronted by the Catholic Church in Poland today. Comprising two parts, the study begins with a descriptive analysis of the institutional framework of Polish theology. It highlights the contemporary landscape of Polish ecclesiastical universities and theological faculties, addressing concerns regarding didactics and the declining enrollment of theology students. Additionally, the article explores the recent evaluation principles employed by the Ministry of Education and Science for assessing Polish theological faculties. The second part of the article presents a research-based investigation into the primary pastoral problems in Poland, drawing on selected literature sources. These issues encompass: (1) the decreasing number of dominicantes and communicantes, (2) the Church’s engagement in the digital realm, (3) challenges associated with youth ministry, (4) the decline in student participation in religious education classes, (5) the absence of adult catechesis, and (6) the complexities surrounding the use of religious language. In response to the titular inquiry regarding Poland’s status as a bastion of Christendom, the study offers a cautiously affirmative response, considering certain reservations. Research findings demonstrate that the profile of Polish Catholics has undergone an inevitable evolution towards secularization in recent years, with Polish pastoral care not always keeping pace with this shifting mentality.
Urban Governance of Disaster Response Capacity: Institutional Models of Local Scalability
Authors: Krogh Andreas Hagedorn , Røiseland Asbjørn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Increasingly confronted with the acute risk of large-scale disaster, local governments across the globe are searching for effective and efficient strategies for scaling their disaster response capacity. Emergency management research has examined such strategies in various urban settings, but still suffers from the lack of proper theoretical frameworks for studying how institutionalized modes of governance condition local scalability in different national contexts. Building on the research tradition of urban governance, this article develops a conceptual framework for conducting institutional analysis of overarching values, norms and practices that shape the local scaling of disaster response capacity. It demonstrates the analytical value of the framework by applying it in an illustrative case study of disaster response systems in the three Scandinavian countries of Sweden, Denmark, and Norway. The framework proves useful for systematizing and discussing nuances within and across institutional contexts.
Performance evaluation of the automated body fluid analysis of the new Sysmex XR haematology analyser
Authors: Van Laer Christine , Dedeene Lieselot , Gruwier Lien , Vanmechelen Bram , Hwandih Talent , Mintzas Konstantinos , Münster Marion , Boeckx Nancy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The cellular composition of body fluids (BF) provides insight into disease pathology and is an important diagnostic parameter. The well-established Sysmex XN haematology analyser (XN) offers automated BF analysis and is in routine use in many laboratories. In this study the performance of the new Sysmex XR analyser (XR) in testing BF is compared to the XN.

Methods
Cerebrospinal, pleural, peritoneal, and synovial fluids, as well as bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples, were processed in BF mode on both analysers. Standard statistical methods were used to evaluate the performance of XR compared to the reference XN.

Results
Cell counts were generated from a total of 356 measurements from 307 patient BF samples. After application of exclusion criteria, 86 cerebrospinal, 77 peritoneal, 78 pleural, and 89 synovial fluid sample pairs were compared. An excellent correlation coefficient (r) between the two analysers was observed for all diagnostic parameters; WBC-BF: 0.996, RBC-BF: 0.974, TC-BF: 0.995, MN#: 0.994, MN%: 0.830, PMN#: 0.985 and PMN%: 0.835. The research parameters also performed equally well (r values of 0.900–0.994). The performance of diluted and undiluted samples was equally good. Similar results for diagnostic and research parameters were obtained from 62 BAL samples (r values of 0.899–0.992).

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that the automated BF counts on the new Sysmex XR analyser are equivalent to that of the XN for all BF types analysed.
Strong approximation of a two-factor stochastic volatility model under local Lipschitz condition
Authors: Coffie Emmanuel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We establish theoretical properties of the solution to a two-variance-driven interest rate model with super-linear coefficient terms.
Since this model is not tractable analytically, we construct an implementable numerical method to approximate it and prove the finite-time strong convergence theory under the local Lipschitz condition.
Finally, we provide simulation examples to demonstrate the theoretical results.
Message framing, partisanship, and popular support for COVID-19 vaccine mandate for all adults: Evidence from a preregistered survey experiment
Authors: Viskupič Filip , Wiltse David L. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Following the outbreak of COVID-19, the federal government in the United States required some population groups to be vaccinated. Other countries imposed even more comprehensive vaccination requirements. We conducted a preregistered randomized survey experiment that evaluated whether emphasizing the societal or economic benefits could shift popular support for a COVID-19 vaccine mandate for all adults. The experiment was embedded in a survey conducted in May 2022 on a sample of 1,199 registered voters in South Dakota. Participants were randomly assigned into a control group (n = 394), communitarian frame group (n = 403), or economic frame group (n = 379). Results of difference-of-means tests and multivariate regression analyses showed that neither of the experimental treatments had a statistically significant impact on support for mandatory COVID-19 vaccination. We found that these attitudes were primarily driven by partisan self-identification. Our results underscored the political nature of attitudes toward the COVID-19 pandemic and particularly mandatory COVID-19 vaccination.
Evaluation of Desiccation Behavior in Basalt Microfiber–Reinforced Bentonite Clay for Geological Repositories of Nuclear Spent Fuel Using Digital Image Correlation
Authors: Grasley Julia , Azzam Abdullah , Rahmani Mohammad , Kim Yong-Rak , Eun Jongwan , Kim Seunghee 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Secure storage of nuclear spent fuel (NSF) is of great concern for protecting public health and safety. The preferred long-term solution is underground containment in geological repositories, where one or more engineered barrier materials (EBM) encapsulate the NSF and separate it from the natural rock. Bentonite clay is commonly used as an EBM due to its many advantageous properties including low hydraulic conductivity, which ensures limitation of water infiltration to the system and the subsequent risk of corrosion in NSF canisters. However, bentonite clay subjected to heating from nuclear decay may form desiccation cracking. This study conducted disk-shaped free shrinkage tests and ring-shaped restrained shrinkage tests of bentonite clay samples reinforced with basalt microfibers. Digital image correlation was used as a noncontact full-field displacement measurement to track the time-evolving shrinkage and desiccation cracking phenomena and make quantified comparisons between plain bentonite and bentonite with varying contents of basalt microfibers (i.e., 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 % wt.). Results indicate that plain bentonite and basalt microfiber-reinforced samples showed similar free shrinkage behavior, while desiccation cracking behavior was significantly altered by adding basalt microfibers. Microfiber reinforcement effectively reduced major cracks through a “crack-bridging” effect while causing minor cracks to initiate earlier and at higher moisture contents than plain bentonite. Results infer that reinforcing plain bentonite with inorganic microfibers can potentially control desiccation cracking, leading to safer and improved nuclear waste management.
Elucidating the effects of peer review
Authors: Malički Mario , Jerončić Ana , Bouter Lex , Ter Riet Gerben , Ioannidis John P.A. , Aalbersberg IJsbrand J. , Goodman Steven N. 
Published: November 2023

Objective. The ability of peer review to improve the scientific endeavour, e.g., conduct, reporting, and validity of study findings, is increasingly being questioned (Tennant & Ross-Hellauer, 2020) and calls have been made to showcase changes that occurred to each study due to peer review (Limbu, 2020). Until such transparency is achieved, our objective is to identify and collect studies that analysed differences between preprints or submitted manuscripts and peer reviewed journal articles.
Design. We identified studies based on our knowledge of the field and by checking all research at peer review conferences (presented as podium presentations or posters). We also checked references of identified studies. For all included studies we then extracted the year of publication, sampling method, conflicts of interest, funding, data and protocol sharing, number of analysed version-pairs, sample size calculation, scholarly discipline, method used to compare versions, variables (i.e., manuscript sections) analysed for changes, and metric with which the changes were quantified or qualitatively classified. Future steps will include a search of bibliographic databases (and preprint servers) and launching of an online form that will allow anyone to submit missed studies for inclusion in the review. Current findings are only descriptive, but meta-analyses are planned.
Results. Of 25 studies published from 1990 till the end of 2021, 16 analysed changes between submitted and published papers and 9 between preprints and published papers. Changes were most often analysed by filling out questionnaires or scoring each of the two manuscript versions separately (n=11) or by comparing them visually (n=6). Median number of analysed version-pairs was 59 (IQR, 41- 122). Most studies analysed changes in health (n=18) or social sciences (n=4) manuscripts. Overall, they find a very high similarity between version-pairs, with largest changes occurring in introduction and discussion sections.
Conclusions. Current results indicate that submitted or pre-printed manuscript versions and their peer-reviewed journal version are very similar, with main (analysis) methods and main findings rarely changing. Quantification of these results is pending. Large differences between studies, type of changes, and methods with which they were measured indicate greater need for collaboration in the peer-review field and for core outcome measures for manuscript version changes.
Regulating the use of generative AI in academic research and publications
Authors: Kunda Ivana 
Published: November 2023

Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is a category of AI technology capable of producing various types of content, including text, images, audio, video, 3D models, simulations and synthetic data. Although it has been present for some time, it has been popularised in the recent months due to text and image GenAI tools, such as ChatGPT, Google Bard, LaMDA, BlenderBot, DALL-E, Midjourney, Stable Diffusion, some of which have already received new and upgraded versions.
The main issue for the scholarly research and publications relates to the fact that because of the technology breakthrough the AI tools, based on machine learning models and usually fed with large volumes of data, no longer only assist researchers in recognising patterns and predicting, but also in generating content. This raises questions such as: On a general level, is it acceptable to use the generated content in academic publications? Does the use of such tools in research and publications violate academic honesty? Is a researcher violating another person’s intellectual property right when using these tools?
This paper seeks to answer these questions with the aim of suggesting whether and to what extent there is a need for GenAI to be regulated within the academic institutions or beyond. Additionaly, the paper is aimed at investigating the models for such regulation as there are already some attempts to do so at various academic institutions in the world and many such processes are ongoing.