bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achieving Near Infrared Photodegradation by the Synergistic Effect of Z‐Scheme Heterojunction and Antenna of Rare Earth Single Atoms
Authors: Sun Jianzhe , Wang Guofeng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNear‐infrared light response catalysts have received great attention in renewable solar energy conversion, energy production, and environmental purification. Here, near‐infrared photodegradation is successfully achieved in rare earth single atom anchored NaYF4@g‐C3N4 heterojunctions by the synergistic effect of Z‐scheme heterojunction and antenna of rare earth single atoms. The UV–vis light emitted by Tm3+ can not only be directly absorbed by g‐C3N4 to generate electron–hole pairs, realizing efficient energy transfer, but also be absorbed by NaYF4 substrate, and generating photo‐generated electrons at its impurity level, transferring the active charge to the valence band of g‐C3N4, forming a Z‐scheme heterojunction and further improving the photocatalytic efficiency. Importantly, Tm single atoms has multiple functions such as acting as charge transfer channels to facilitate charge transfer, regulating the critical distance of energy transfer, and prolonging electron–hole pair lifetime. Under NIR light, it exhibited remarkable performance in degrading antibiotics (the removal rate of TC reached 91% for 6 h) while maintaining excellent stability. The LC‐MS/MS technology is used to reveal the reaction intermediates, active species, and reaction pathways, and the complex mechanism of photodegradation is further proposed. This study provides experimental and theoretical support for designing and synthesizing catalysts with near‐infrared light response characteristics.
Designing Polar Covalent Hybrid Cadmium‐Based Chalcohalides Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Crystal with Strong Optical Anisotropy via Double‐Site Dual FBUs Tailoring
Authors: Fu Yi‐Fan , Yao Wen‐Dong , Wu Jiajing , Huang Qiao‐Feng , Zhang Yu‐Mei , Zhou Wenfeng , Liu Wenlong , Guo Sheng‐Ping 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe pressing demand for both established and innovative technologies to expand laser wavelengths has rendered high‐performance nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals with large optical anisotropy indispensable. Here, centrosymmetric [SHC(NH2)2]2CdBr4 (1) and pseudo‐2D layered [SC(NH2)2]2CdBr2 (2), as well as pseudo‐3D noncentrosymmetric [SC(NH2)2]2CdCl2 (3) are successfully synthesized through the introduction of π‐conjugated SC(NH2)2 groups. Compared to ionic compound 1 containing full‐halogen coordination tetrahedra, covalent compounds 2 and 3 featuring novel polar [SC(NH2)2]2CdX2 (X = Br, Cl) tetrahedral units demonstrate enhanced bandgaps (>4 eV) and birefringences (>0.3@546 nm) due to the unique coordination environment. Remarkably, 3 exhibits a strong second‐harmonic generation (SHG) response (2.1 × KH2PO4(KDP)), high laser‐induced damage thresholds (30 × AgGaS2(AGS), and excellent water stability. The birefringence of 3 is the largest among the hybrid halides NLO crystals containing d10 metal cations. Detailed theoretical calculations confirm that such a modified double‐site dual functional building units (FBUs) substitution is an effective strategy for designing superior optical materials with large birefringence and strong SHG response, paving the way for the development of high‐performance devices in related fields.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Metal‐Based Catalysts for Efficient Hydrogen Production
Authors: Saeid Mohammed Faraj , Abdulkadir Bashir Abubakar , Ismail Mohammad , Setiabudi Herma Dina 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates global research trends on the catalytic performance of metal‐based catalysts for enhanced hydrogen production over the past 89 years (1935–2024) through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis. The research addresses the evolution of metal‐based catalysts in hydrogen production and highlights the most prominent contributors and driving trends. The study analyzed 32,987 peer‐reviewed studies identified through Scopus database. The search was conducted from September 1, 1935, to July 20, 2024, utilizing keywords such as “(TITLE‐ABS‐KEY ((“Ru” OR “Ni” OR “Fe” OR “Co” OR “Mo” OR “Pt” OR “Pd” OR “Cr” OR “metal catalysts*”) AND (“hydrogen production*” OR “H2 production*” OR “hydrogen generation*” OR “H2 generation*”))).” The analysis covered various aspects, such as countries, authors’ affiliations, prominent journals, research areas, and key terms driving discussions in the field. It also noted that researchers with fewer publications may have been overlooked. Bibliometric parameters, including publication counts, citations, total link strength (TLS), and collaboration networks, were examined. Results indicate a steady rise in publications, with significant growth observed from 2000 onwards. The most recent period (2019–2024) alone accounted for 55.6% of the total publications, with a notable 26.5% growth from 2021 to 2022. China leads in both publication volume and TLS, followed by the United States and the United Kingdom. The International Journal of Hydrogen Energy (IJHE) emerged as the top journal with 4653 relevant articles. The analysis reveals a shift in focus from early studies on iron and platinum to a more recent emphasis on nickel‐based catalysts and hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). These findings highlight several challenges, including the need to improve catalyst efficiency, address scalability issues, and develop more sustainable catalytic materials. Future research should focus on advancing catalyst design, optimizing reaction conditions, and enhancing catalytic stability for large‐scale hydrogen production.
Metabolic Dysfunction‐Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Pancreatic Disease—A Population‐Based Nationwide Cohort and Sibling‐Controlled Study
Authors: Vujasinovic Miroslav , Ebrahimi Fahim , Roelstraete Bjorn , Bergman David , Sun Jiangwei , Sadr‐Azodi Omid , Löhr J.‐Matthias , Ludvigsson Jonas F. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionMetabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has been linked to pancreatic diseases, but evidence from population‐based studies with liver histology is lacking.Aims and methodsIn this population‐based cohort including all Swedish adults (n = 8563) with biopsy‐proven MASLD, we aimed to investigate incidences of pancreatic diseases compared with matched reference individuals from the general population (n = 38,858) and full siblings (n = 6696). Using Cox proportional hazard models, we calculated multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsWe documented 359 incidents of pancreatic diseases in MASLD patients and 880 events in matched reference individuals, resulting in an incidence rate difference of 1.54 (95% CI, 1.25–1.84). The relative risk of pancreatic disease was highest in the first two years after MASLD diagnosis (aHR, 2.19 [95% CI, 1.92–2.50), but remained statistically significant increased even up to ten years [aHR, 1.60 (95% CI, 1.38–1.85)]. The most common pancreatic disease in individuals with MASLD was acute non‐biliary pancreatitis (1.44 vs. 0.44 events/1000 PY), followed by chronic pancreatitis (0.54 vs. 0.12/1000 PY) and pancreatic cancer (0.88 vs. 0.47/1000 PY). We documented 130 versus 344 pancreas‐related deaths among individuals with MASLD and their matched comparators, yielding an absolute risk difference of 0.51/1000 PY and an aHR of 2.41 (95%CI = 1.95−2.97). The findings were consistent in sibling‐controlled analyses with an aHR of 2.21 (95%CI = 1.69–2.90).ConclusionsMASLD was associated with significantly higher rates of acute and chronic pancreatitis of predominantly non‐biliary origin, as well as an increased risk of pancreatic cancer and pancreas‐related mortality.
Play it Straight: An Intelligent Data Pruning Technique for Green-AI
Authors: Scala Francesco , Flesca Sergio , Pontieri Luigi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The escalating climate crisis demands urgent action to mitigate the environmental impact of energy-intensive technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI). Lowering AI’s environmental impact requires adopting energy-efficient approaches for training Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). One such approach is to use Dataset Pruning (DP) methods to reduce the number of training instances, and thus the total energy consumed. Numerous DP methods have been proposed in the literature (e.g., GraNd and Craig), with the ultimate aim of speeding up model training. On the other hand, Active Learning (AL) approaches, originally conceived to repeatedly select the best data to be labeled by a human expert (from a large collection of unlabeled data), can be exploited as well to train a model on a relatively small subset of (informative) examples. However, despite allowing for reducing the total amount of training data, most DP methods and pure AL-based schemes entail costly computations that may strongly limit their energy saving potential. In this work, we empirically study the effectiveness of DP and AL methods in curbing energy consumption in DNN training, and propose a novel approach to DNN learning, named Play it straight, which efficiently combines data selection methods and AL-like incremental training. Play it straight is shown to outperform traditional DP and AL approaches, achieving a better trade-off between accuracy and energy efficiency.
A Process to Prepare Safety Cases
Authors: Myklebust Thor , Stålhane Tor , Vatn Dorthea Mathilde Kristin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The chapters in the book have, until now, mainly focused on the different topics that should be included in the agile safety plan. However, as noted in the introduction, the work with the safety plan has a direct impact on safety case development. In this chapter, we first outline different types of safety cases and how an agile approach might facilitate an incremental development process. Next, we address how one should deal with related safety cases for subsystems, products, or modules. Lastly, we underscore the importance of preparing for improvements or modifications.
Hardware/Chip
Authors: Myklebust Thor , Stålhane Tor , Vatn Dorthea Mathilde Kristin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
While software development is the main focus of this book, we cannot ignore hardware when discussing AI. Hardware plays a major role in how well AI works. Even the smartest software cannot function properly without strong, fast, and capable hardware such as computers, processors, and chips. Therefore, while the book is about writing and developing AI programs, we also need to include information about the hardware that runs them because it is crucial for AI’s performance and success.
Einleitung
Authors: Lammers Klara 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
In der Einleitung erfolgt zunächst eine Hinführung auf die inhaltliche Ausrichtung, das Erkenntnisinteresse und das Forschungsvorgehen der vorliegenden Studie. Anschließend wird die Struktur der Arbeit anhand der einzelnen Kapitel vorgestellt.
Fazit
Authors: Lammers Klara 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Im Fazit erfolgt zunächst eine Zusammenfassung des Forschungsvorgehens und der Ergebnisse dieser Studie. Abschließend werden Limitation der vorliegenden Arbeit in den Blick genommen und ein Ausblick auf weiterführende Forschungsbedarfe gegeben.
Fibrations and Coset Spaces for Locally Compact Groups
Authors: Kramer Linus , Murat García Raquel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Let G be a topological group and let

$$K,L\subseteq G$$

K
,
L
⊆
G

be closed subgroups, with

$$K\subseteq L$$

K
⊆
L

. We prove that if L is a locally compact pro-Lie group, then the map

$$q:G/K\rightarrow G/L$$

q
:
G
/
K
→
G
/
L

is a Serre fibration, and a Hurewicz fibration if G is paracompact. As an application of this, we obtain two older results by Skljarenko, Madison and Mostert.
A contribution to 3D tracking of deformable bubbles in swarms using temporal information
Authors: Wang Lantian , Ma Tian , Lucas Dirk , Eckert Kerstin , Hessenkemper Hendrik 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Reliable Lagrangian 3D tracking of individual bubble swarm members allows a deeper understanding of hydrodynamic bubble–bubble interactions and their collective rise. For multi-view measurements, we have recently developed such a tracking method (Hessenkemper in Int J Multiph Flow 179:104932, 2024), which is able to track deformable bubbles with low to moderate view obstruction through the bubbles to each other. In the present work, we aim to further enhance the 3D tracking performance by additionally incorporating 2D temporal information in the form of previously established 2D tracks in each camera view. The new 3D tracking method is able to disambiguate cross-view object associations at each time step by using the 2D track information accumulated over time. In addition, the temporal information from multiple 2D domains is used in two post-processing steps to improve the completeness of established 3D trajectories. Compared to the previous 3D tracking method, the extended 3D tracking framework shows noticeable improvements in tracking ability, accuracy, and completeness of trajectories.

Graphical abstract
Strategies to overcome barriers to the statistical representation of femicide data-a technical note
Authors: Sarkar Reena , Bassed Richard , Ozanne-Smith Joan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Mortality data systems are upstream determinants of health, providing critical information on causes of death and population health trends and influencing health outcomes by shaping policies, research, and resource allocation. Moreover, the gender-related deaths of women and girls are significantly underrepresented or underrecognized in mortality data across many countries. This paper seeks to identify potential barriers and facilitators to improving the representation of femicide data. The primary barriers affecting data representation of femicide are related to definitions, data collection, coding, comparability, access, and systemic challenges. Key recommendations include establishing a nationwide consensus on the definition of femicide, updating training modules for medicolegal professionals, improving pathology reporting processes, ensuring quality assurance in documentation, refining coding practices, developing new analytic methods, and providing deidentified access to cases still under investigation.
Effect of internal pancreatic duct stent on reducing long-term pancreaticojejunostomy stenosis following pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Lu Wei-Hsun , Chao Ying-Jui , Liao Ting-Kai , Su Ping-Jui , Wang Chih-Jung , Shan Yan-Shen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
As survival following PD improved, long-term complications have emerged as an issue in current era. Pancreaticojejunostomy stenosis is the common long-term sequel after PD but rarely addressed. This study aimed to investigate the benefit of pancreatic duct stent in reducing PJ stenosis after PD.

Methods
Between July 2006 and July 2019, patients undergoing PD with follow-up more than 1 year were recruited. Patients were divided into internal stent, external stent, and no stent groups. We reviewed the Computed tomography (CT) to measure the diameter of pancreatic duct and stent migration at 3 months and 1 year after PD. PJ stenosis was defined as pancreatic duct diameter > 3 mm. Perioperative variables were collected for analysis.

Results
Totally, 506 patients were included 349 patients in internal stent group, 84 patients in the external stent, and 73 patients in no stent group. There was no difference in preoperative P-duct size between the IS and ES group (3.39 ± 1.78 mm vs 3.26 ± 1.89 mm, p = 0.481), while the P-duct size was larger in ES group compared to the IS group (3.22 ± 2.44 mm vs. 1.94 ± 2.08 mm, p < 0.001) one year after PD. In the internal stent group, the rate of stent migration was 22.1% at 3 months and 67.9% at 1 year post-operatively. CR-POPF (OR 2.24, p = 0.015) and P-duct stent retention at PJ > 3 months (OR 0.45, p < 0.001) were the independent factors for 1-year PJ stenosis in multivariate analysis.

Conclusion
Retention of internal pancreatic duct stents at the anastomosis for more than 3 months can reduce post-PD PJ stenosis. Extended retention of internal pancreatic duct stents reduces PJ stenosis, highlighting its critical role in preventing long-term complications.
Protective effects of carotenoids against blue light induced-cellular damage in human retinal pigment epithelium
Authors: Won Jong Hoon , Sitnikov Dmitri , Hong Jina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) is constantly exposed to visible light, including blue light (BL) that creates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are harmful to DNA and induce cellular senescence. Carotenoids are recognized for their antioxidant properties, but their protective effect on DNA repair and cellular senescence under BL induced oxidative stress has not been evaluated. After BL irradiation, the positive senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining, and gene expression of p16

INK4a
and p21

Waf/Cip1
were upregulated in ARPE-19 cells. Pretreatment with carotenoids reduced ROS, p-H2A.X nuclear foci, and SA-β-gal positive cells induced by BL irradiation. Furthermore, pretreatment with carotenoids reduced the secretion of IL-6 and VEGF triggered by BL. Since increased senescent cells and secretion of IL-6 and VEGF are involved in age-related macular degeneration pathogenesis, our results support that carotenoid supplementation has a potential role in protecting the eyes from the deleterious effects of excessive BL exposure.
The influence of tooth shade on near-infrared light transmission through human dentine and enamel: an in-vitro study
Authors: Kulkarni Sachin , Walsh Laurence J. , McEntyre Monte James , George Roy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This in-vitro study assessed the influence of the shade of human teeth on the transmission of near-infrared light. A total of 40 teeth were used. After cleaning the root surface and removing cementum, the teeth were sectioned into slices 3 mm thick, with each comprising a portion of the crown (enamel-dentine (ED)) and of the root (dentine only). The shade of the crown and the root was measured using a digital spectrophotometer. All samples were irradiated using 660, 808, or 904 nm diode lasers, and a multi-wavelength LED light source (700–1100 nm, Nuralyte®). Using a laser power meter, the percent transmission was calculated. Differences between Vita shade groups A, B, and C were analysed using ANOVA and post-hoc tests. Overall, dentine samples showed approximately 40% greater transmission than samples of enamel and dentine. There were significant influences for shade group and for sample thickness on the transmission of 660 nm light (P < 0.01), but not for other light sources. There was a statistically significant influence of light source on transmission. Across both crown and root samples, the ranking for light transmission from greatest to least was LED (700–1100 nm) > (904 nm = 808 nm) > 660 nm. Within the range from 660 to 1100 nm, the longer wavelengths are transmitted better by both enamel and dentine. The transmission of visible red light (660 nm) was affected by Vita tooth shade, while the transmission of near infrared light (700–1100 nm) was not affected by Vita shade.
Antisymmetric maximum principles and Hopf’s lemmas for the Logarithmic Laplacian, with applications to symmetry results
Authors: Pollastro Luigi , Soave Nicola 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We prove antisymmetric maximum principles and Hopf-type lemmas for linear problems described by the Logarithmic Laplacian. As application, we prove the symmetry of solutions for semilinear problems in symmetric sets, and a rigidity result for the parallel surface problem for the Logarithmic Laplacian.
Disagree and commit: degrees of argumentation-based agreements
Authors: Kampik Timotheus , Nieves Juan Carlos 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In cooperative human decision-making, agreements are often not total; a partial degree of agreement is sufficient to commit to a decision and move on, as long as one is somewhat confident that the involved parties are likely to stand by their commitment in the future, given no drastic unexpected changes. In this paper, we introduce the notion of agreement scenarios that allow artificial autonomous agents to reach such agreements, using formal models of argumentation, in particular abstract argumentation and value-based argumentation. We introduce the notions of degrees of satisfaction and (minimum, mean, and median) agreement, as well as a measure of the impact a value in a value-based argumentation framework has on these notions. We then analyze how degrees of agreement are affected when agreement scenarios are expanded with new information, to shed light on the reliability of partial agreements in dynamic scenarios. An implementation of the introduced concepts is provided as part of an argumentation-based reasoning software library.
Conceptual Mediation in Technomoral Change: Reply to Danaher and Sætra
Authors: Hopster Jeroen K.G. , Rueda Jon , Hillenbrink Robin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Philosophers of technology have identified various mechanisms through which technology can change moral norms, values, beliefs and practices. Danaher and Sætra (2023) offer a useful systematization of these mechanisms, with no claim to being exhaustive. We contribute to their work by analyzing how the mediating role of moral concepts fits into this scheme. First, we point out that concepts mediate the moral effects of technological changes, a process we call conceptual mediation. We illustrate this with the concepts of ‘brain death’ and ‘reproductive autonomy’, whose moral implications crystallized in the interplay with new medical technologies. Subsequently, we argue that conceptual mediation is best understood as a type of second-order mediation, which channels the moral implications of the first-order technological mediations identified by Danaher and Sætra (decisional, relational, perceptual). We conclude that second-order mediation plays a central and underappreciated role in processes of technomoral change.
Stakeholder motivations for participation in partnerships for the SDGS: the case of Nigeria
Authors: Enechi Okechukwu , Pattberg Philipp 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Multi-stakeholder Partnership (MSP) as a policy instrument is institutionalised in SDG 17 as a participatory mechanism which, ideally, aims to realize participation of diverse stakeholders in the implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the underlying 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. While there is a growing body of literature on overall success factors for MSPs, research on MSPs implementing in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is lagging, particularly, when it comes to questions around participation and inclusiveness. The voluntary nature of MSPs suggest that stakeholders are motivated to participate due to overlapping interests and values. However, in the context of sub-Saharan Africa, there is a lack of comparable studies on stakeholder participation, particularly on the factors that motivate participation and the conditions under which stakeholders engage in MSPs within the domestic context. Therefore, this paper analyses the motivations behind stakeholder participation in MSPs within the context of SSA, using Nigeria as a case study. To achieve this, the study surveyed stakeholders who self-reported participation in 134 MSPs that were registered on the SDG Action platform and self-indicated project implementation in Nigeria. In addition, we conducted expert interviews and facilitated an expert workshop to gather further data on stakeholder motivations. The survey results are analysed using a relational values model. Based on the analysis, the study concludes with policy recommendations and suggestions for future research.