bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telecoaching as a new training method for elderly people: a systematic review
Authors: Leale Ignazio , Figlioli Flavia , Giustino Valerio , Brusa Jessica , Barcellona Matteo , Nocera Valerio , Canzone Alberto , Patti Antonino , Messina Giuseppe , Barbagallo Mario , Palma Antonio , Dominguez Ligia J. , Battaglia Giuseppe 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The numerous restrictive measures implemented during the recent COVID-19 pandemic have reduced the levels of physical activity (PA) carried out by elderly people and telecoaching (TC) could be a training method to maintain the recommended levels of PA. In fact, TC uses information and digital communications technologies, such as computers and mobile devices, to access training services remotely. Thus, this study aimed to systematically review the scientific literature to verify the application, efficacy, and safety of TC training programs.

Methods
PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences databases were used for this review, and randomized controlled trials analyzing TC training programs for elderly people were included. Only articles written in English and published in the last decade were considered.

Results
3 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis including 194 elderly people. The sample size ranged from 12 to 117 and the TC training program from 8 to 12 weeks. The TC training programs were applied to elderly people with metabolic diseases and respiratory diseases. TC training program was effective in elderly people with metabolic diseases while the benefits for respiratory diseases have yet to be clarified.

Conclusion
TC seems to be a safe, effective, and injury-free training method, despite its limited application in elderly population. Future studies should better investigate this training method in elderly people in order to evaluate the effectiveness in a wider range of diseases.
Friction and wear performance of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) polymers in three lubrication regimes
Authors: Massocchi Davide , Lecis Nora , Lattuada Marco , Scaglia Davide , Chatterton Steven , Pennacchi Paolo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis experimental study investigates the friction and wear of three coatings commonly used in industrial applications, particularly in hydrodynamic bearings. The three materials under investigation were Babbitt, polyether ether ketone (PEEK) reinforced with 15% carbon fibers, and PEEK reinforced with 20% carbon fibers. The first polymer material was extruded, while the other was produced by fused deposition modelling (FDM). The materials were subjected to sliding tests in a pin-on-disc configuration, with a steel ball serving as the counter surface. The tests were conducted at room temperature, with a load of 10 N and under three different lubrication conditions: dry, grease, and oil. The linear speed was set at 0.3 m/s for the dry and semi-solid lubrication tests, while for the oil tests, the speed was set at 0.25 m/s. The greases used had consistency grades of NGLI 000 and NGLI 2. An ISO VG 68 circulation oil was used for the oil lubrication tests. Additionally, thermodynamic analyses were performed under the most severe conditions (i.e., dry) to investigate the steel-Babbitt and steel-PEEK contact.
A Psychometric Analysis of the Moral Disengagement Scale (MDS) in Association to Bullying Roles in Colombian Youth
Authors: Restrepo Cervantes Dayana , Chamorro Coneo Ana , Bolivar Pimiento Daniel , Hoyos de los Rios Olga , Llinás Solano Humberto 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Moral Disengagement Scale (MDS) is a widely employed tool for assessing moral neutralization strategies in the context of bullying. However, studies conducted globally exhibit inconsistencies in both the factor structure and the number of items comprising the MDS. This study was conducted to assess the reliability and factor structure of the MDS within a sample of Colombian adolescents (N = 375; M age = 13.3; SD = 1.69) and to compare the use of MD mechanisms across victims, perpetrators, non-involved students, and bystanders of school bullying. To begin, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) compared the fit indices of theoretical models proposed in the existing literature. The results revealed that all previously suggested models exhibited similar fit indices, indicating that these structures could be equally applicable for evaluating various dimensions of moral disengagement among adolescent populations. In order to identify the most suitable model for our culturally specific sample, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) pointed towards a more concise 13-item version of the MDS as the optimal solution. Individuals meeting the scores for “bullies” employed more MD mechanisms compared to victims and non-involved students. There were no significant differences in MDS scores between pro-victim bystanders and those remaining passive or supporting aggressors. In light of these findings, targeting cognitive mechanisms that neutralize moral self-sanctions in perpetrators and potential bystanders of bullying may prove to be a valuable strategy in enhancing the effectiveness of anti-bullying interventions.
Plant genomic resources at National Genomics Data Center: assisting in data-driven breeding applications
Authors: Tian Dongmei , Xu Tianyi , Kang Hailong , Luo Hong , Wang Yanqing , Chen Meili , Li Rujiao , Ma Lina , Wang Zhonghuang , Hao Lili , Tang Bixia , Zou Dong , Xiao Jingfa , Zhao Wenming , Bao Yiming , Zhang Zhang , Song Shuhui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGenomic data serve as an invaluable resource for unraveling the intricacies of the higher plant systems, including the constituent elements within and among species. Through various efforts in genomic data archiving, integrative analysis and value-added curation, the National Genomics Data Center (NGDC), which is a part of the China National Center for Bioinformation (CNCB), has successfully established and currently maintains a vast amount of database resources. This dedicated initiative of the NGDC facilitates a data-rich ecosystem that greatly strengthens and supports genomic research efforts. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of central repositories dedicated to archiving, presenting, and sharing plant omics data, introduce knowledgebases focused on variants or gene-based functional insights, highlight species-specific multiple omics database resources, and briefly review the online application tools. We intend that this review can be used as a guide map for plant researchers wishing to select effective data resources from the NGDC for their specific areas of study.
Development and validation of a semi-automated, scalable response to intervention framework in mathematics
Authors: Correig-Fraga Eudald , Vilalta-Riera Albert , Calvo-Pesce Cecilia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractResponse to Intervention (RTI) has been shown to be better at identifying and addressing learning difficulties than other frameworks. However, only a few educational systems have implemented it, and it can be difficult for schools to implement RTI on their own without policies in place. One solution is to create semi-automated digital tools that can assist with RTI without requiring a lot of extra time from the teacher. This study describes the development and implementation of such tools in schools that were not previously familiar with RTI. The effectiveness of the tools was tested by comparing 5 schools (149 students) that used RTI with 8 schools (269 students) that did not. The results showed that the extra practice was effective and that students in the intervention group made significantly more progress in arithmetic fluency than their peers in the control group. These students were also more likely to leave the “low achievement” and “at risk of Mathematics Learning Difficulties” zones than students in the control group. This suggests that it is possible to develop a scalable RTI framework and implement it in educational systems without RTI-based policies.
Density-based Reactivity Theory Applied to Excited States
Authors: An Xiaoyan , Zhang Wenbiao , He Xin , Li Meng , Rong Chunying , Liu Shubin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExcited states are essential to many chemical processes in photosynthesis, solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and so on, yet how to formulate, quantify, and predict physiochemical properties for excited states from the theoretical perspective is far from being established. In this work, we leverage the four density-based frameworks from density functional theory (DFT) including orbital-free DFT, conceptual DFT, information-theoretic approach and direct use of density associated descriptors and apply them to the lowest singlet and triplet excited states for a variety of molecular systems to examine their stability, bonding, and reactivity propensities. Our results from the present study elucidate that it is feasible to employ these density-based frameworks to appreciate physiochemical properties for excited states and that excited state propensities can be markedly different from, sometime completely opposite to, those in the ground state. This work is the first effort, to the best of our knowledge, utilizing density-based reactivity frameworks to excited state. It should offer ample opportunities in the future to deal with real-world problems in photophysical and photochemical processes and transformations.
Graphical Abstract
AmyKoS—a German real-world prospective cohort study of patients with suspected and proven amyloidosis
Authors: Ihne-Schubert Sandra Michaela , Morbach Caroline , Papagianni Aikaterini , Cejka Vladimir , Steinhardt Maximilian Johannes , Held Melissa , Zeller Daniel , Frantz Stefan , Geier Andreas , Knop Stefan , Sommer Claudia , Störk Stefan , Einsele Hermann 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Systemic amyloidosis represents a yet poorly characterized complex and multifaceted rare multisystem disease with high mortality. Clinical presentation, clinical course, and treatment vary within and across subtypes. Established biomarkers are predominantly non-specific. Diagnosis and management of these patients require specifically tailored interdisciplinary structures. Well-characterized patient cohorts are needed to optimize diagnostic tools and treatment options.

Method
The prospective cohort study AmyKoS was established as a monocentric observational study for patients with suspected and proven systemic and localized amyloidosis at the Interdisciplinary Amyloidosis Centre of Northern Bavaria in 2018. We here describe the study rationale and design based on the underlying clinical structures. The primary aim is to establish a large in-detail characterized patient population with appropriate biomaterial resources. The primary endpoint is overall survival; secondary endpoints are disease-associated complications, prevalence and incidence of ICD-10-coded psychological disorders and characterization of organ involvement and response.

Results/conclusions
AmyKoS serves as an umbrella structure for clinical and translational research. It differs at least partly from other amyloidosis cohort studies by its cross-subtype approach and is unique regarding the inclusion of patients under suspicion regardless of confirmation of amyloidosis. Therefore, AmyKoS simultaneously generates a negative control group for the evaluation of diagnostic markers and methods and allows to test their generalizability to all subtypes. As a special feature, the multi-step AMY-NEEDS substudy systematically evaluates the established structures with the aim of improving patient-orientated care and the interfaces with referring physicians. The characteristics of the AmyKoS cohort are congruent with the findings of large clinical trials.
AI in architecture and engineering from misconceptions to game-changing prospects
Authors: Sourek Michal 
Published: February 2024

AbstractArtificial intelligence invades our lives and professions at an ever-increasing pace and intensity. Architecture, engineering, construction, and operation of the real estate have been joining the trend only timidly and belatedly. The paper overviews the basic concepts, methods, general background, and results of artificial intelligence in architecture to date, discusses the achievements and prospects, and concludes the perspectives on the deployment of machine learning in the field. The record of some of the most recent “famous achievements” in the field is set straight and challenged, the flawed idea of a (truly) creative potential of the technology is debunked. Its roots equidistributed both in a farsighted vision of the next workflow of both productive and creative architectural and engineering designing, and construction and real estate management on the one hand and state-of-the-art machine learning on the other, an ambitious though realistic blueprint for R&D of AI-fostered architectural creativity, building design, planning, and operation is tabled for discussion. The attention turns to open-source patterns platforms, generative patterns processing, generative pre-design, parametric evaluation and optimization, latest achievements in machine learning building on reinforcement learning, imitation-based learning, learning a behavior policy from demonstration, and self-learning paradigms zooming in on the design-development processes instead of only on their results. Leveraging the objectivity of assessments and streamlining workflows, artificial intelligence promises to unleash true architectural creativity and leverage the productivity and efficiency of the design, planning, and operation processes.
Theoretical approach and practice of “National Spatial Planning Theory”: how Chinese cities and towns precisely adapt to nature and culture
Authors: Wang Kai , Xu Hui , Zhou Yajie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOver the past 40 years, China has witnessed the world’s largest urbanization process. In light of its natural and cultural conditions featuring resource scarcity, frequent natural disasters, rich cultural heritage and regional disparities and dynamics, this process aggravates the complex and severe problems faced by urban areas, including resource and environmental damage, security risks and cultural degradation. To address these issues, a shift in national and regional urban spatial layouts from improving economic competitiveness to balancing protection and development as well as security and development is needed. Related theories and research methods should also be adjusted accordingly. Therefore, given China’s specific conditions and regional spatial layouts, the paper introduces the “national spatial planning theory,” which aims to create a sound living environment. The core concept is “precise adaptation,” which ensures the adaption of urban development to natural and cultural conditions. It is the first theory that proposes to develop the national urban spatial layout based on the analysis of ecological environment. It also suggests shifting the focus from eco-environment to security and culture as urbanization progresses and problems change constantly. In addition, a method framework and technical system of “precise analysis, adaptive distribution and dynamic evaluation” is formulated to build an adaptive urban spatial layout on the basis of quantitative analysis of the capacity of spatial resources. The practices of regional planning processes on varying scales in the past 20 years are to illustrate the specific applications of the theoretical approach.
Determinants of Psychosocial Health Status in Pregnant and Postpartum Women Experiencing Earthquake in Turkey
Authors: Yalniz Dilcen Hacer , Çakır Koçak Yeliz , Ada Güleser , Demir Bozkurt Feyza , Dülger Hanifi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective:
It is well known that natural disasters such as earthquakes negatively affect physical and mental health by exposing people to excessive stress. The aim of this study was to investigate determinants of psychosocial health status among the pregnant and postpartum women who experienced earthquake in Türkiye.

Methods:
Pregnant and postpartum women (n = 125) living in tent cities in the Kahramanmaraş region formed the study sample. Data were collected between February 20 and 26, 2023, through face-to-face interviews. The instruments used for data collection were the Introductory Form, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, the Traumatic Childbirth Perception Scale, and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder–Short Scale.

Results:
A moderate positive relationship was found between stress and posttraumatic stress and traumatic childbirth perception in pregnant and postpartum women, and a high positive relationship was found between anxiety and depression. A high level of relationship was found between anxiety and stress and depression.

Conclusions:
It is seen that the psychosocial health of pregnant and postpartum women, who belong to the risk group in the earthquake zone, is at high risk. Psychological support is urgently needed to preserve and improve their psychosocial health.
Abelian absolute Galois groups
Authors: Jarden Moshe 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGeneralizing a result of Wulf-Dieter Geyer in his thesis, we prove that if
$K$
is a finitely generated extension of transcendence degree
$r$
of a global field and
$A$
is a closed abelian subgroup of
$\textrm{Gal}(K)$
, then
${\mathrm{rank}}(A)\le r+1$
. Moreover, if
$\mathrm{char}(K)=0$
, then
${\hat{\mathbb{Z}}}^{r+1}$
is isomorphic to a closed subgroup of
$\textrm{Gal}(K)$
.
The Underside of Order: Race in the Constitution of International Order
Authors: Brown Owen R. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTWhile there is increasing recognition of the role of race in shaping global politics, the extent to which the construction and operation of international order is entangled with race remains underexplored. In this article, I argue for the centrality of race and racialization in understanding the constitution of international order by theorizing the constitutive connections between race and international order and showing how the two can be examined as intertwined. I do this, first, by articulating conceptualizations of both international order and race that center on processes of regulation and regularization. Second, I bring these together to suggest that race be understood as a form of order that functions to reproduce a historically emergent form of hierarchy and domination across a range of spaces and contexts. Third, I operationalize these conceptualizations by outlining and historicizing some of the key features of this racialized and racializing international order, specifically coloniality, the racial state, and racial capitalism, and thereby illustrate important aspects of the persistence of this order. Centering race in the study of international order, I suggest, helps us better understand how racializing hierarchies and racialized inequalities persist in the present and are reproduced through structures and practices of international order.
Linear transmission between malleus and stapes in cases with incus necrosis
Authors: Nassif Mena Maher , Hamdy Tarek A. , Saad Mohmed 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe outcome of cartilage interposition ossiculoplasty was assessed in cases of incus necrosis after posterior malleus repositioning in the plane of the stapes, in terms of hearing gain after ossicular reconstruction.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted of 30 patients admitted to an Ain Shams University hospital from March 2021 to September 2021. All patients with ossicular disruption due to chronic suppurative otitis media and hearing loss of more than 40 dB were included in the study. Pure tone audiometry was conducted for each patient after three months, six months and one year post operation.ResultsThe audiogram showed a post-operative air–bone gap of 20 dB or less in 83.33 per cent of patients (n = 25) at three months post-operatively and in 80 per cent of patients after six months; after one year, the results remained the same.ConclusionThe use of cartilage interposition after malleus posterior mobilisation represents an excellent partial ossicular replacement technique.
Unresolved attachment and identity diffusion in adolescence
Authors: Gander Manuela , Buchheim Anna , Kohlböck Gabriele , Sevecke Kathrin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study examined the severity of unresolved attachment underlying adolescent identity diffusion. Our sample consisted of 180 inpatient adolescents aged 14 to 18 years (77% female, Mage = 15.13, SD = 1.35; 23% male, Mage = 14.85, SD = 1.41) and 84 age-matched non-clinical adolescents (52% female, Mage = 16.14, SD = 1.21; 48% males, Mage = 15.98, SD = 1.07). We used the Adult Attachment Projective Picture System (AAP) interview to assess attachment representations and the Assessment of Identity Development in Adolescence (AIDA) questionnaire to evaluate the severity of identity diffusion. Our results demonstrate a higher amount of unresolved attachment and identity diffusion in the patient sample than in the control sample. Furthermore, patients with an unresolved attachment status scored higher on identity diffusion than those with no unresolved attachment pattern. Interestingly, this was not found in the control group. Furthermore, patients with a greater severity of unresolved attachment showed the highest maladaptive identity development scores. Psychotherapeutic interventions integrating attachment-related aspects might be useful to treat young people with identity diffusion.
Network-based kinetic models: Emergence of a statistical description of the graph topology
Authors: Nurisso Marco , Raviola Matteo , Tosin Andrea 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a novel approach that employs kinetic equations to describe the collective dynamics emerging from graph-mediated pairwise interactions in multi-agent systems. We formally show that for large graphs and specific classes of interactions a statistical description of the graph topology, given in terms of the degree distribution embedded in a Boltzmann-type kinetic equation, is sufficient to capture the collective trends of networked interacting systems. This proves the validity of a commonly accepted heuristic assumption in statistically structured graph models, namely that the so-called connectivity of the agents is the only relevant parameter to be retained in a statistical description of the graph topology. Then, we validate our results by testing them numerically against real social network data.