bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental Health and Lifestyle-Related Behaviors in Medical students in a Jordanian University, and Variations by Clerkship Status
Authors: Dodin Yasmeen , Obeidat Nour , Dodein Razan , Seetan Khaled , Alajjawe Samah , Awwad Manar , Issma’eel Majd Bani , Alhawari Amal , ALkatari Arwa , Alqadasi Amat Al-lateef , Alsheyab Ghaith 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: The rigors of medical education often take a toll on students' mental well-being, resulting in heightened stress, anxiety, depression, somatization, and thoughts of self-harm. Evaluating medical students' mental health is essential to foster resilient, well-rounded future physicians. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of mental health disorders among Yarmouk University medical students, explore the links between mental state and demographic and lifestyle factors, and compare mental health profiles between preclinical/pre-clerkship (years 1-3) and clinical (years 4-6) students.
Methods: An online survey was administered to Yarmouk University Faculty of Medicine undergraduates during the academic year of 2021/2022. Mental health was measured using validated tools (Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9, for depression; SCOFF for eating disorders; Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, GAD-7; and Patient Health Questionnaire for Somatic Symptoms, PHQ-15). Sociodemographic, academic, lifestyle, and stress data also were measured. Bivariate and multivariable analyses evaluated the associations between academic level and mental health, accounting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.
Results: Out of the 618 participating medical students, 48.4% screened positive for depression, 36.7% for anxiety, and 63.6% reported experiencing a high level of stress. Slightly over half experienced somatic symptoms, and 28.6% exhibited signs of eating disorders. Roughly, 26% had suicidal thoughts. Potential alcohol abuse/dependence was negligible. Low reported rates of healthy behaviors were observed (e.g. balanced diets, 5.7%; vigorous physical activity, 17.0%). Smoking prevalence was 24.6%, notably higher among clinical students. At the multivariable level, stress, insomnia, eating disorders and cigarette smoking were consistently associated with depression, anxiety and somatization; and higher physical activity scores were associated with lower depression risk.
Conclusion: This study highlights the pressing need to address the alarming rates of depression, anxiety, somatization, stress, and eating disorders among Jordanian medical students. Notably, there were minimal differences between preclinical and clinical students, suggesting that students face challenges early on that persist. Prioritizing mental health support and promoting healthier lifestyles among medical students are vital steps toward nurturing resilient, well-rounded future medical professionals.
Industrialization of the use of mealworm and black soldier fly in urban waste management utilizing probiotics.
Authors: Taghikhani Nasrin , Darejazi Amirreza Shaebani , Abedi Mahsa , Maghsoudi Ghazaleh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Today, protein, which is less common, may be a better substitute for traditional livestock (beef) and poultry. The larvae of the scientific name yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) and black soldier fly (Stratiomyidae) are described as a small roundabout short hairstreak that are a rich source of protein. The damp waste serves as a bed for insects. The black soldier fly (BSF) is a species of insect that feeds on discarded materials and has an extremely high rate of growth and reproduction. Using insects to feed livestock and fish can be a viable alternative to soy. The most important challenges in using beneficial insects on an industrial scale include the rate of decomposition, the survival rate, the amount of protein and the toxicity of the product produced, which is of great concern. Recently there have been studies on the effect of probiotics on the growth of beneficial insects. Although studies show the effectiveness of probiotics, there are still obstacles to industrialization. Therefore, in this research, the effect of fermentation of wastewater by a combination of several Lactobacillus strains (VSL#3) on the decomposition rate, the percentage survival of the protein content and the toxicity of the product were examined. The results showed that compared to feed waste without probiotics, the protein content of the insects increased. This research also shows that the use of combination of probiotics in waste digestion has great potential to accelerate the transition from a linear economy to a circular economy.
Optimizing a Prototype Plasma Catalytic Process for Carbon Dioxide Reduction
Authors: Mnaouer Khaled , Mghaiouini Redouane , Mouden Mahmoud El 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The transport sector is one of the largest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions, with cars and factories being major sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.Four experimental factors such as temperature, gas flow rate, catalyst charge and plasma power were taken into account to optimize the experimental factors for a large value of CO2 conversion rate. In our study, we chose the complete factorial model by design of experiments, 16 experiments (4*4). CO2 conversion rate is clearly influenced by temperature, followed bygas flow rate after catalyst charge and finally plasma power. The percentage contribution of temperature, gas flow rate, catalyst charge and plasma power on the CO2 conversion rate was 94.96%, 2.65%, 1.74%, 0.66% respectively. The optimal balance of factors for a high CO2 conversion rate value was plasma power (5000W), temperature (1000°C), gas flow rate (100 l/s) and catalyst charge (10%). The results of this article may encourage manufacturers to adopt this new technology to reduce CO2 emissions from factories and cars.
Identification of some microbial flora contained in slaughterhouse effluent and likely to be effective in its treatment by biological process
Authors: Ngouyamnsa Ghenmi Esther Maurelle , Weldi Gnowe Djonga , Noubissie Eric , Noumi Guy Bertrand , Ahmed Ali 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The specific contributions of the different bacterial flora during the biological treatment of slaughterhouse effluents remain unclear. The objective of this study is to identify the different microbial flora which mainly contribute to the efficiency of the biodegradation of the organic, nitrogenous and phosphate loads contained in the slaughterhouse effluent during its biological treatment. To achieve this, the effluent to be treated was sampled from three slaughterhouses in the city of Ngaoundéré (Cameroon). The various effluents underwent a physicochemical and microbiological characterization. The effluent was subjected to biological treatment. The biodegradation process (biological treatment) took place in two reactors, each operating in batch. One of the two reactors was supplied with oxygen (aeration). The effluent being treated underwent a physicochemical and microbiological characterization for 30 days. The results obtained show organic matter and ammonium contents &gt;1,000 mgO2/L in each of the three effluents. Bacillus cereus (69 × 108 CFU/mL), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (201 × 107 colony forming unit (CFU)/mL) and Yeasts (101 × 106 CFU/mL) globally constitute the majority of microbial groups among the seven microorganisms identified in the effluents of the three slaughterhouses. There is no real oxygenation effect of the medium on the growth of the three microbial flora during the treatment.
Предельные смыслы студентов-психологов: их связь с академической мотивацией
Authors: Смирнова Нина В. 
Published: October 2023

Введение. В данной работе будут исследоваться предельные смыслы студентов-психологов и их соотношение с академической мотивацией. Несомненно, качество учебной деятельности зависит от академической мотивации. Однако академическая мотивация — это в том числе внешнее выражение предельных смыслов человека, которые зачастую остаются неосознаваемыми. Возникает вопрос, какие предельные смыслы лежат в основе учебной деятельности студентов. Цель исследования - изучить содержание предельных смыслов студентов-психологов и выяснить как они соотносятся с их академической мотивацией к учебной деятельности. Методы. В ходе исследования было опрошено 25 студентов-психологов Южного федерального университета. Все респонденты женщины, от 17 лет до 21 года. Для исследования применялись следующие методики: ШАМ (Шкала академической мотивации), тест мотивации достижения (ТМД), методика предельных смыслов. Результаты. Методика «ШАМ» - выявила высокую академическую мотивацию студентов-психологов, проходивших исследование. Высокие показатели так же проявились в шкалах: познавательной мотивации и мотивации саморазвития. Методика Тест мотивации достижения, ТМД выявила у студентов-психологов средний уровень мотивации достижения. Исследование выявило определенное соотношение между содержанием предельных смыслов студентов-психологов и их академической мотивацией. Студенты имеющие смысложизненные ориентации на саморазвитие и познание отличаются высокой академической мотивацией. Обсуждение результатов. Полученные данные согласуются с мнением авторов ранее изучавших влияние смысложизненных ориентаций на мотивационную сферу студентов.
Роль социальной активности студентов в рамках университетской жизни
Authors: Вашумирская Дарья В. 
Published: October 2023

Введение. В статье рассматривается вопрос взаимосвязи социальной активности студентов с их успешностью в учебной деятельности. Важность рассмотрения этой темы заключается в том, что в психологической науке недостаточно изучено то, как социальная активность студентов влияет на успешность их учебы. Во введении автор рассматривает актуальность изучения социальной активности студентов в рамках университетской жизни. Изучение социальной активности в рамках университетской жизни имеет особое значение, так как она включает в себя совокупность отношений, характерных для вузовских учащихся, задействованных в образовательном процессе, также научной деятельности, внеучебных мероприятиях, самоуправлении и межличностном общении с другими студентами. Современные реалии, в которых совсем недавно общество начало справляться с последствиями пандемии коронавируса, вновь актуализировали вопрос о важности развития социальной активности. Многие студенты начинали свое обучение в карантинное время, а значит их социальная активность была снижена общественными ограничениями. Именно поэтому особенно важно обратить внимание на роль социальной активности студентов в их учебной деятельности, так как изучение данной темы позволит ответить на вопрос: «нужно ли мотивировать студентов на общение и активную социальную жизнь». Цель: изучить роль социальной активности студентов в рамках университетской жизни. Теоретическое обоснование. Автор рассматривает понятие социальная активность и значение социальной активности в успешной социализации личности, также анализируются психологические особенности студенческой молодежи как социальной группы. Результаты. В данном разделе автор делает выводы о связи социальной активности с успешностью в учебе у студенческой молодежи. Обсуждение результатов. Автор приходит к выводу о том, что высокий уровень социальной активности положительно сказывается на студенческую жизнь молодых людей.
Ginger’s Antiapoptotic and Antioxidant Effects on Ovaries of
Cyclophosphamide-therapied Rats
Authors: Shahidi Maryamsadat , Abazari Omid , Dayati Parisa , Haghiralsadat Bibi Fatemeh , Oroojalian Fatemeh , Reza Javad Zavar , Naghib Seyed Morteza 
Published: October 2023

Background::
In the recent decade, there has been increasing interest in preventing ovarian toxicity
after chemotherapy exposure. It has been documented that ginger (Zingiber officinale) might normalize the hormonal
balance and control the menstrual cycle.

Objective::
This study has analyzed whether ginger extract protects against cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced
ovarian failure in rats.

Methods::
Rats were distributed into four groups consisting of vehicle, CP, ginger, and CP + ginger. At the end
of the treatment, all rats were killed under anesthesia to obtain ovarian tissues and blood samples for histological,
molecular, and biochemical experiments.

Results::
Our results indicated that ginger improves CP-caused histological changes in ovarian tissues and significantly
restores serum hormonal abnormalities. Ginger also showed unique antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,
and antiapoptotic properties in the ovarian tissues of CP-induced rats. Further, our findings indicated that ginger
might activate the Nrf2 and SIRT and inhibit the PI3K/AKT pathway in the ovaries of CP-treated rats. In
conclusion, ginger was found to protect against CP-caused ovarian toxicity in rats.

Conclusion::
The protective impacts of ginger may mediate, at least partly, by alleviating the oxidant state, inhibiting
pro-inflammatory conditions, and exhibiting antiapoptotic activities.
Hederagenin Induces Apoptosis of Human Hepatoma HepG2 Cells via the
Mitochondrial Pathway
Authors: Liu Zhuo , Tan Xiaoning , Peng Lian , Gao Wenhui , Zeng Puhua 
Published: October 2023

Objective::
The objective of this study is to assess the antitumor effects of hederagenin
(HDG) in liver cancer (LC) cells and explore the related mechanisms.

Methods and Materials::
HepG2 cells were treated with HDG and cisplatin, respectively. The
CCK8 assay was used to detect cell activity, DAPI staining was used to detect the proportion of
living cells, TUNEL assay to detect the proportion of apoptotic cells, flow cytometry to detect
the membrane potential, fluoroscopic electron microscopy to detect microstructural changes to
the mitochondrial, and western blot analysis and high-content screening to detect apoptosisrelated
proteins.

Results::
Treatment with HDG inhibited the growth of HepG2 cells, decreased the proportion of viable
cells, increased the proportion of apoptotic cells, and significantly increased the proportion of cells in
the G1 phase. Fluorescence staining showed that HDG damaged the mitochondria of HepG2 cells and
significantly decreased the number of mitochondria. Flow cytometry showed that HDG decreased the
mitochondrial membrane potential of HepG2 cells. Observations by electron microscopy showed that
HDG caused swelling and vacuole formation of the mitochondria of HepG2 cells. HDG significantly
reduced the average fluorescence intensity of Bcl-2 in HepG2 cells and significantly increased that of
the pro-apoptosis proteins Bax, Cytochrome-c, and Caspase-3.

Conclusion::
HDG induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells via the mitochondrial pathway.
Expression of Transcriptional Factors of T Helper Differentiation
(T-bet, GATA-3, RORγt, and FOXP3), MIF Receptors (CD44, CD74,
CXCR2, 4, 7), and Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in PBMC from
Control Subjects and Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Zerpa-Hernández Darbi Alfredo , García-Chagollán Mariel , Sánchez-Zuno Gabriela Athziri , García-Arellano Samuel , Hernández-Bello Jorge , Hernández-Palma Luis Alexis , Cerpa-Cruz Sergio , Martinez-Bonilla Gloria , Nicoletti Ferdinando , Muñoz-Valle José Francisco 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
The macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) plays a
pivotal role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Previous research
indicates that MIF can trigger the expression of cytokine profiles associated with Th1,
Th2, and Th17 responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from both RA
patients and control subjects (CS). Despite these, few studies to date precisely
elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved. The present study aimed to associate
the expression of Th differentiation TF (T-bet, GATA-3, RORγt) with MIF receptors
(CD44, CD74, CXCR2, 4, 7) and Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines in PBMC from CS and
RA patients.

Method:
PBMC from both groups was cultured for 24 h. The expression of the
canonical and non-canonical MIF receptors and the TF was determined by flow
cytometry. Additionally, multiplex bead analysis was employed to assess the levels of
cytokines in the culture supernatants. The findings revealed that T CD4+ lymphocytes
in the CS group exhibited a heightened expression of CD74 (p<.05), whereas RA
patients displayed an elevated expression of CXCR7 (p<.001). Furthermore, T CD4+
lymphocytes from RA patients exhibited greater expression of GATA3, RORγt, and
FOXP3, along with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to the CS
group (p<.001).

Result:
These results indicate that CD74 is more prominently expressed in PBMC
from the CS group, whereas CXCR7 is more expressed in PBMC from RA patients.

Conclusion:
We also noted an increased secretion of Th17 profile cytokines in RA,
potentially influenced by the activation of FOXP3 via CD74 and RORγt through CXCR7
using the endocytic pathway.
Kukoamine A Activates Akt/GSK-3β Pathway to Repress Oxidative Stress and Inflammation to Alleviate Myocardial Ischemia-reperfusion Injury
Authors: Hong Jianmao , Ye Yanqiong , Zheng Dingwen , Qian Ximing 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI) is a serious complication
after revascularization of myocardial infarction, which causes myocardium damage. Kukoamine A
(KuA) can repress oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis in cerebral ischemia animal models.

Objective:
In the present study, our objective was to explore the role of KuA in MI/RI and the underlying
mechanism of KuA in oxidative stress and inflammation of MI/RI.

Methods:
H9c2 cells’ cytotoxicity was detected using the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay kit.
ROS level was measured by immunofluorescence. Male C57BL/6 mice were used to establish MI/RI
mice by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD).

Results:
KuA treatment decreased the apoptosis and the cytotoxicity, increased the viability, and
reduced the activities of myocardial infarction markers (CKMB, MYO, and cTnI) in hypoxia/
reoxygenation (H/R)-induced H9c2 cells. KuA reduced the levels of ROS, MDA, and inflammatory
factors (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α), and facilitated MMP and SOD levels in H/R-induced H9c2
cells. Besides, KuA activated Akt/GSK-3β axis, which was repressed by PI3K inhibitor LY294002.
Moreover, KuA improved survival times, decreased the infarct size of mice, and recovered cardiac
function in MI/RI mice. Finally, KuA alleviated MI/RI through Akt/GSK-3β pathway in vivo.

Conclusion:
Thus, KuA exerts a protective function in MI/RI through the Akt/GSK-3β axis to repress
oxidative stress and inflammation.
Narrative Testimony and Characteristics of Rottlerin for the Treatment of
Various Kinds of Cancer
Authors: Mishra Lopamudra , Kumari Lakshmi , Patel Preeti , Singh Amrita , Das Kurmi Balak 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
From ancient times until now, scientists have focused on herbal medicaments for treating
various diseases. Rottlerin, a potent PKCδ inhibitor, is one of the greatest herbal medications. Over
the years, it was identified that rottlerin has several cellular and molecular targets that could be involved
in the fight against cancer. The past and present research has clearly shown that rottlerin inhibits
the transcription factors, enzymes, and signaling molecules that regulate the death and life of
cancer cells. Although the anticancer property of rottlerin has primarily been attributed to the induction
of autophagy and apoptosis, current research has revealed the existence of different damage
pathways. The major part described in this mini-review is the antitumor/anticancer effects of rottlerin
in various organs of the human body affected by breast cancer, pancreatic cell cancer, bladder cancer,
NSCLC, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, etc.
Targeted Treatment of Lung Cancer using Nanomaterials: Prospective
and Advances
Authors: Kumar Gupta Swati Sanjay 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Lung cancer is the second most lethal type of cancer, with a poor survival
rate of 5 years. It is one of those malignant tumors that has grown most rapidly in the context of mortality
and morbidity.

Aim:
This review article aims to provide insight into current nanotechnological approaches taken into
consideration that provide advantages over conventional chemotherapy.

Result and Discussion:
After comparing conventional chemotherapy and nanotechnology-based
therapies for lung cancer, the results showed that recent advances in nanomaterials proved to be more
effective in lung cancer diagnosis, mitigation and treatment. Here, Surface-engineered smart nanocarrier-
based inhalations, Bio-nanocarriers for lung cancer, gas plasma nanoparticles, and magnetic nanoparticles
are discussed.

Conclusion:
After summarizing these nanomaterials, investigators concluded that the in-vivo and invitro
effectiveness of recently developed nanoparticles was found to be better than that of conventional
nanoparticles.
Generating Retinas through Guided Pluripotent Stem Cell Differentiation
and Direct Somatic Cell Reprogramming
Authors: Zhang Ke , Cai Wenwen , Hu Leyi , Chen Shuyi 
Published: October 2023

:
Retinal degeneration diseases affect millions of people worldwide but are among the
most difficult eye diseases to cure. Studying the mechanisms and developing new therapies for these
blinding diseases requires researchers to have access to many retinal cells. In recent years
there has been substantial advances in the field of biotechnology in generating retinal cells and
even tissues in vitro, either through programmed sequential stem cell differentiation or direct somatic
cell lineage reprogramming. The resemblance of these in vitro-generated retinal cells to native
cells has been increasingly utilized by researchers. With the help of these in vitro retinal models,
we now have a better understanding of human retinas and retinal diseases. Furthermore, these
in vitro-generated retinal cells can be used as donor cells which solves a major hurdle in the development
of cell replacement therapy for retinal degeneration diseases, while providing a promising
option for patients suffering from these diseases. In this review, we summarize the development
of pluripotent stem cell-to-retinal cell differentiation methods, the recent advances in generating
retinal cells through direct somatic cell reprogramming, and the translational applications of retinal
cells generated in vitro. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the current protocols and possible
future directions for improvement.