bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viability of ESports Service Provider in the Local Market in the Second District of Albay: Opportunity of Investment
Authors: Magcalen Willard Nathan 
Published: October 2023

Online gaming is now a spectator sport, thanks to ESports. The experience is similar to watching a professional athletic event, but viewers see video gamers compete against one another instead of a physical contest. This qualitative research determined ESport’s viability status in the 2nd District of Albay. It sought to determine the status of the business requirements needed to establish an ESports business along with Network Infrastructure, Legal requirements, and Stability of power. It also evaluates the viability of ESports in the local market regarding technical and economic requirements. It focuses on the challenges of the Department of Information and Communication Technology (DICT) in providing opportunities for investment in e-services. Lastly, this research proposed a business process mapping model canvas that potential investors can adopt. The study revealed limited information regarding the stability of power in the context of ESports. No specific information was provided regarding how power stability is ensured or what measures are taken to ensure uninterrupted power supply during ESports tournaments. Likewise, power outages and fluctuations can cause disruptions and affect the gameplay, leading to frustration for players and viewers. Regularly maintaining electrical equipment and wiring is also necessary to prevent power outages and hazards. Technically ESports is viable, despite challenges that may be encountered, and does create a business model canvas.
Inflammation and Occlusive Retinal Vasculitis Post Faricimab
Authors: Bruening Will , Kim Sean , Yeh Steven , Rishi Pukhraj , Conrady Christopher D. 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceRandomized clinical trials have shown the safety and efficacy of faricimab as a novel vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-2 inhibitor in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and macular edema of various etiologies. However, more rare adverse events may not be considered in clinical trials.ObjectiveTo describe 3 eyes that developed irreversible vision loss following initial mild intraocular inflammation (IOI) to faricimab.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective case series from a single academic tertiary referral center (University of Nebraska Medical Center) from October 2023 to August 2024 included 3 patients who developed occlusive retinal vasculitis (ORV) following an initial sensitization with intravitreal faricimab. Two eyes were being treated with faricimab for nAMD, and the other 2 eyes were treated for diabetic macular edema.InterventionPatients exposed to faricimab after the prior development of mild IOI.Main Outcomes and MeasuresClinical symptoms, signs, and clinical course of patients who were diagnosed with ORV following rechallenge with faricimab.ResultsMild IOI developed in 4 eyes following faricimab, and ORV developed in 3 eyes with repeated challenge. This resulted in profound, irreversible vision loss, despite treatment with topical and systemic steroids. In the eye that did not develop ORV following rechallenge, there have been no repeated adverse events despite restarting intravitreal faricimab injections.Conclusions and RelevanceGiven these observations with repeated challenge, caution is advisable when using the same biologic after the development of even mild IOI with prior injection. It appears an immunological memory response is elicited with these repeated exposures, resulting in the development of ORV.
Dendritic Magnesium Formation in Conventional Electrolytes: Local Adsorption of Amine Solvents at Inner Helmholtz Plane Matters
Authors: Li Chunqiu , Sun Wenhao , Zhou Hang , Xun Kangkai , Cao Huiying , Zhang Zhonghua , Zhou Zhenfang , Liu Jing , Li Guicun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSimple salts electrolyte is imperative for developing commercially feasible rechargeable magnesium (Mg) metal batteries. However, Mg electro‐plating/stripping reversibility in these electrolytes is far from satisfactory, which is mainly caused by interfacial passivation and dendrite growth of Mg‐metal anode. Therefore, it is of great urgent to develop a molecule‐level mechanistic understanding on electrode–electrolyte interfacial reactions. In this work, the transformation pathways of solvents at the inner Helmholtz plane are revealed to play a key role in reversibility deterioration and cell failure of Mg‐metal anodes. A benzylamine co‐solvent is introduced into simple salts electrolyte, which is closely related to gas evolution, MgH2 formation and possible electrochemical active species formation on surface of Mg‐metal anodes. The uneven adsorption of active species leads to a multiplicative effect on local current density, which causes dendrite growth. Interestingly, benzylamine solvents are demonstrated to do not directly participate in the first Mg2+ solvation sheath structures, instead they exhibit specific adsorption at the inner Helmholtz plane attributed to significant steric hindrance. As a result, visual bottle‐type asymmetric cells display a fair cycle life of above 500 cycles, while coin‐type assembly exhibits serious soft short circuit and recovery behavior during cycling.
Operando Nanoscale Characterization Reveals Fe Doping of Ni Oxide Enhances Oxygen Evolution Reaction via Fragmentation and Formation of Dual Active Sites
Authors: Liang Yunchang , Parreiras Sofia O. , Lee Seunghwa , Banjac Karla , Boureau Victor , Gallego José M. , Hu Xile , Écija David , Lingenfelder Magalí 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEfficient catalytic water splitting demands advanced catalysts to improve the slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Earth‐abundant transition metal oxides show promising OER activity in alkaline media. However, most experimental information available is either from post‐mortem studies or in situ space‐averaged X‐ray techniques in the micrometer range. Therefore, the composition of the active centers under operando conditions is still under debate. In this work, we combine nanoscopic and spectroscopic measurements on the hydroxylation of molecular beam epitaxy (MBE)‐prepared Ni and NiFe oxides nanoislands with operando local investigations of Ni and NiFe hydroxide electrocatalysts under OER conditions to reveal the nature of the active centers in 2D OER catalysts. Our results reveal that Fe doping increases the active surface area by island fragmentation, and boosts the intrinsic activity by creating optimized active centers consisting of both Ni and Fe atoms. In addition, our findings show that operando characterization at the nanoscale is crucial to reveal the dynamic nature of the interface of 2D catalysts under reaction conditions.
Switching CO2 Electroreduction toward C2+ Products and CH4 by Regulating the Dimerization and Protonation in Platinum/Copper Catalysts
Authors: Hou Tailei , Zhu Jiexin , Gu Hongfei , Li Xinyuan , Sun Yiqing , Hua Ze , Shao Ruiwen , Chen Cheng , Hu Botao , Mai Liqiang , Chen Shenghua , Wang Dingsheng , Zhang Jiatao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCopper (Cu)‐based catalysts exhibit distinctive performance in the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) with complex mechanism and sophisticated types of products. The management of key intermediates *CO and *H is a necessary factor for achieving high product selectivity, but lack of efficient and versatile strategies. Herein, we designed Pt modified Cu catalysts to effectively modulate the competitive coverage of those intermediates. The Pt single‐atoms and Pt nanoparticles modified Cu catalysts (denoted as Cu‐Pt1 and Cu‐PtNPs) precisely regulated the protonation and dimerization, with the faradaic efficiency (FE) of C2+ products up to 70.4 % and the FE of CH4 reaching 57.7 %, respectively. CO stripping experiments reveal that Pt1 sites could enhance the adsorption of *CO, while PtNPs exhibit *CO tolerance for H2O dissociation. In situ spectroscopic results further confirms that high coverage of *CO is achieved on Cu‐Pt1, while *CHO on Cu‐PtNPs might generate by additional water dissociation. As elucidated by theoretical studies, the interfacial sites of Cu‐Pt1 would favor the *CO coverage promoting the evolution of *OCCO for C2+ products while PtNPs supplementarily accelerate H2O dissociation achieving *CHO for CH4. This work provides insights for efficient and targeted CO2 conversion by atomically design of active sites with engineered key intermediates coverage.
High‐Entropy Aqueous Electrolyte Induced Formation of Water‐Poor Zn2+ Solvation Structures and Gradient Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase for Long‐Life Zn‐Metal Anodes
Authors: Lin Lin , Shao Zhipeng , Liu Shizhuo , Yang Peng , Zhu Kaiping , Zhuang Wubin , Li Chaowei , Guo Gengde , Wang Wenhui , Hong Guo , Wu Bing , Zhang Qichong , Yao Yagang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractElectrolyte engineering has emerged as an effective strategy for stabilizing Zn‐metal anodes. However, a single solute or solvent additive is far from sufficient to meet the requirements for electrolyte cycling stability. Here, we report a new‐type high‐entropy electrolyte composed of equal molar amounts of Zn(OTf)2 and LiOTf, along with equal volumes of H2O, triethyl phosphate, and dimethyl sulfoxide, which enhances electrolyte stability by increasing solvation entropy. Specifically, this well‐designed high‐entropy electrolyte reduces the content of solvated and free water molecules while forming a robust gradient solid‐electrolyte interphase on the Zn anode surface, protecting the Zn anode from water‐induced corrosion. Moreover, the cationic electrostatic shielding layer on the Zn anode effectively suppresses the “tip effect”, enabling the uniform deposition of Zn. The synergistic effects of this mixed electrolyte effectively leverage the properties of individual additives, significantly extending the cycle life of Zn‐metal anodes. Consequently, the resulting Zn//Zn symmetric cell using this high‐entropy electrolyte can operate over 8000 h at 1 mA cm−2 and 0.5 mAh cm−2. To highlight, in a Zn//V2O5⋅H2O pouch cell, it retains 83.1 % of initial capacity after 420 cycles at 1 A g−1. Such multifunctional high‐entropy electrolyte design provides a meaningful reference for stable Zn‐metal anodes.
Bias‐Free Solar‐Driven Ammonia Coupled to C3‐Dihydroxyacetone Production through Photoelectrochemistry
Authors: Su Kerong , Ren Shijie , Gao Rui‐Ting , Bai Guang‐En , Wu Limin , Wang Lei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractConversion of solar energy into value‐added chemicals through photoelectrochemistry (PEC) holds great potential for advancing sustainable development but limits by high onset potential which affects energy conversion efficiencies. Herein, we utilized a CuPd cocatalyst‐modified Sb2(S,Se)3 photocathode (CuPd/TSSS) to achieve an ultra‐low onset potential of 0.83 VRHE for photoelectrochemical ammonia synthesis. Meanwhile, we achieved unbiased NH3 production by synthesizing major value‐added C3‐dihydroxyacetone (DHA) through glycerol oxidation on the BiVO4 photoanode with the loading Pd cocatalyst, instead of a traditional solar water oxidation reaction. The PEC integrated system stably produced 11.98 μmol cm−2 of NH3 and 201.9 mmol m−2 of DHA over 5 h with ~80 % faradaic efficiency without applying additional bias. In situ analysis and theoretical calculations confirmed high catalytic activity for ammonia synthesis at the CuPd/TSSS photocathode and enhanced selectivity for DHA at the Pd/BiVO4 photoanode. This design represents a breakthrough in directly utilizing solar energy, nitrate‐containing wastewater, and biomass waste for ammonia and highly value‐added C3 production, which addresses increasing energy demands while decreasing environmental impact.
Crystal Structure and Photoluminescence Properties of Ca3(PO4)2:Eu3+ Phosphors With High Emission Efficiency
Authors: Park K. , Kim D. H. , Pi J. W. , Gwon S. Y. , Jeon E. C. , Kim J. S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe influence of Eu3+ concentration on the crystal structure and photoluminescence (PL) properties of Ca3‐x(PO4)2:xEu3+ (0.06 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) phosphors is systematically investigated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) Rietveld refinement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, UV‐visible spectroscopy, and PL spectroscopy. The prepared phosphors exhibit a single rhombohedral phase with the space group R3c. The constituent ions occupy various crystallographic sites, including Ca(1–5), Eu(1–3), P(1–3), and O(1–10) sites. Under 397‐nm excitation, the emission spectra show distinct emission peaks between 525 and 725 nm, corresponding to the 5D1 → 7Fj (j = 1 and 2) and 5D0 → 7Fj (j = 1, 2, 3, and 4) transitions of Eu3+ ions. The concentration quenching observed in the phosphors is attributed to electric multipolar interactions. Among the prepared phosphors, Ca2.92(PO4)2:0.08Eu3+ phosphor shows the highest emission efficiency and excellent color performance. These results demonstrate that Ca3‐x(PO4)2:xEu3+ phosphors have significant potential as red‐emitting materials for white light–emitting diode (WLED) applications.
Insights into the morphology‐productivity relationship of filamentous fungi through small‐scale cultivation and automated microscopy of Thermothelomyces thermophilus
Authors: Rohr Katja , Geinitz Bertram , Seiffarth Johannes , Anbarani Aydin , Bernauer Sören , Moch Matthias , Tenhaef Julia , Wiechert Wolfgang , Nöh Katharina , Oldiges Marco 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFilamentous fungi are a cornerstone in the biotechnological production of enzymes, proteins, and organic acids. However, challenges in understanding and controlling the relationship between morphology and productivity can limit their application. This study addresses these challenges using Thermothelomyces thermophilus, a promising thermophilic fungus known for the production of thermostable enzymes. We investigated the effects of environmental conditions on fungal morphology and enzyme production using a combination of microbioreactor cultivation, automated liquid handling, and automated microscopy. Specifically, batch and fed batch cultivations were performed at different pH levels and glucose feeding rates to study their effects on secretory phytase production, fungal growth, and morphology. Results from batch cultivations revealed a two‐fold higher phytase activity at pH 5.5 compared to pH 6.5, with notably smaller fungal fragments at the end of cultivation. Conversely, fed batch cultivations at a feeding rate of 1 g (l h)−1 glucose showed a 1.6‐fold higher enzyme activity at pH 5.5, accompanied by much larger fungal aggregates throughout the feeding phase. These findings suggest that large aggregates are associated with high productivity; however, their breakdown further enhances enzyme release, increasing activity in the supernatant. This study not only provides insights on the morphology‐productivity relationship of T. thermophilus, but also demonstrates the efficacy of integrating microbioreactors with automated microscopy. This methodology represents a significant advance in the field of fungal biotechnology, paving the way for more efficient industrial bioprocesses.
A method for facile production of variable lymphocyte receptors using SHuffle Escherichia coli
Authors: Appelt Elizabeth A. , Thoden James B. , Dancy Candis , Bachmeier Hannah D. , Gehrke Seth A. , Staffenson Melanie A. , Rayment Ivan , Katt Moriah E. , Holden Hazel M. , Shusta Eric V. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractVariable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) are the antigen receptors of jawless vertebrates such as lamprey. VLRs are of growing biotechnological interest for their ability to bind certain antigenic targets with higher affinity than traditional immunoglobulins. However, VLRs are disulfide‐bonded proteins that are often challenging to produce requiring genetic modifications, fusion partners, non‐scalable host cell lines or inclusion body formation and refolding. As a potential VLR expression platform option, the SHuffle Escherichia coli strain has been genetically altered to allow cytoplasmic disulfide bond formation by mutations to thioredoxin reductase (trxB) and glutathione reductase (gor) to create an oxidative cytoplasm. Furthermore, the SHuffle strain expresses disulfide bond isomerase DsbC in the cytoplasm to promote correct disulfide bond pairing. Here, we demonstrate that the SHuffle strain can produce high yield VLRs with titers ranging from 2 to 32 mg of VLR per liter of SHuffle culture. Three VLRs (P1C10, RBC36, VLRA.R2.1) were expressed in SHuffle E. coli and the products were compared directly to those generated using the Rosetta E. coli strain. All VLRs were validated for correct sequence, purity, and activity. For all VLRs, SHuffle E. coli produced 2–9 times more soluble VLRs than Rosetta E. coli. Furthermore, the soluble protein fraction was 2–6 times greater in SHuffle E. coli than Rosetta E. coli for all VLRs. Overall, these results suggest that the E. coli SHuffle strain is a convenient and effective expression system for producing large amounts of VLRs.
Urban and Rural Differences in Cancer Treatment Disruption Among Patients With COVID‐19: An Analysis of the US ASCO COVID‐19 in Oncology Registry
Authors: Lin Yu Chen , Turner Kea , Nguyen Oliver T. , Hume Emma , Camacho‐Rivera Marlene , Islam Jessica Y. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionCancer patients in rural areas experience greater barriers to treatment access compared with patients in urban areas. There is limited research on how the COVID‐19 pandemic affected cancer treatment delivery for rural patients who were also diagnosed with COVID‐19. This study has two objectives: to assess (1) the urban–rural differences in cancer care and (2) the predictors of cancer treatment delay or discontinuation (TDD) among patients diagnosed with COVID‐19.MethodsWe used data from the American Society of Clinical Oncology Survey on COVID‐19 in Oncology Registry (March 2020–September 2022), which included cancer patients with test‐confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (N = 3797). Data included patient sociodemographic characteristics, COVID‐19 diagnosis information, cancer clinical characteristics, and changes to cancer treatment. Cancer TDD was defined as any scheduled treatment by more than 2 weeks. Rurality was examined through both patient residence and oncology practice. We computed adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) using multivariable Poisson regressions to assess predictors of cancer TDD in urban and rural areas.ResultsDuring the study period, 44.1% of patients with COVID‐19 experienced either cancer treatment delay or discontinuation and 5.7% experienced cancer treatment discontinuation. Controlling for other factors, receiving care in a rural oncology practice was associated with cancer TDD (aPR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.01–1.55). Differences in cancer TDD were not found across rurality of patient residence. Among rural patients (N = 582), Hispanic/Latinx cancer patients had greater prevalence of cancer TDD (aPR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.04–2.33) compared with non‐Hispanic White cancer patients.ConclusionOur findings can be used to inform programs and policies to minimize the impact of future public health emergencies on cancer care delivery in rural areas. Additional research is needed to explore potential differences in cancer care delivery across urban and rural oncology practices and patients.
Synthesis, Structural Analysis and Antibacterial Properties of a Novel β‐Aminoenone
Authors: Jios Eliana , Echeverría Gustavo A. , Piro Oscar E. , Jios Jorge L. , Ulic Sonia E. , Viola Carolina M. , Arena Mario. E. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT(Z)‐3‐butylamino‐4,4,4‐trifluoro‐1‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)but‐2‐en‐1‐one (1), a new β‐aminoenone, has been investigated in terms of its intra‐ and intermolecular interactions. Vibrational, electronic and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies were used for the characterization, while X‐ray diffraction methods afforded the determination of the crystal structure. The compound is arranged in the crystal lattice as centre‐symmetric H‐bonded dimeric aggregates (C2/c monoclinic space group). Both experimental (infrared, Raman, ultraviolet‐visible transitions and X‐ray diffraction data) and theoretical (Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules and Natural Bond Orbital approaches, calculated spectra and conformational analysis) methods were used to obtain a deep insight into the intra‐ and intermolecular contacts. The interactions were quali‐ and quantitatively analysed and the data compared with closely related compounds. In vitro experiments were carried out in this work to evaluate the antibacterial activity of 1 against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and Staphylococcus aureus (6538).Compound 1 demonstrated a discernible suppression of biofilm formation and quorum sensing of both bacterial strains, indicating that it may be developed as an antibacterial candidate to reduce bacterial resistance and persistence on surfaces across a range of industries.
Methylaluminoxane Reactivities and Anionic Structures: From Small Oligomers to Large Sheets
Authors: Mao Xiaotong , Bharti Munmun , Collins Scott , Linnolahti Mikko 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe structure and reactivity of small methylaluminoxane (MAO) species (MeAlO)n(Me3Al)m (n=1‐8) have been investigated using DFT (M06‐2X), MP2, and CCSD(T) calculations. This hierarchy of methods reveals that DFT artificially stabilizes structures containing 4‐coordinate oxygen atoms while higher‐level calculations demonstrate a clear preference for structures with 3‐coordinate oxygen and 4‐coordinate aluminum centers. Analysis of ionization pathways shows these neutral MAO molecules form anions through either methide or Me2Al+ abstraction, with the latter mechanism dominant for sheet structures (n=5‐8). Smaller species (n=1‐4, m ≥ n) show minimal reactivity toward either ionization pathway. The resulting anions consistently adopt sheet structures with 3‐coordinate oxygen and 4‐coordinate aluminum at all levels of theory. We introduce a comprehensive stability metric incorporating both ionization energies and neutral precursor stability, which successfully explains the distribution of anions observed in ESI‐MS spectra during Me3Al hydrolysis. Extension of this analysis to larger species, including the recently isolated and characterized sheet (MeAlO)26(Me3Al)9 (Luo et al., Science, 2024, 384, 1424‐1428), reveals unexpected trends in reactivity.
Optimizing Enantiomeric Resolution of Chiral Triazoles in Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
Authors: Frîncul Codruţa , Ghinet Alina , Belei Dalila , Chankvetadze Bezhan , Shova Sergiu , Lipka Emmanuelle , Dascălu Anca‐Elena 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTChirality plays a crucial role in the pharmacological activity of triazoles, a key scaffold in antifungal agents and various therapeutic applications. This study focuses on optimizing the enantiomeric resolution of chiral triazoles using supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) and 10 different columns, either immobilized or coated, chlorinated or nonchlorinated, cellulose or amylose‐based chiral stationary phases (CSPs). Four novel triazoles and two marketed ones (tebuconazole and hexaconazole) were separated to determine optimal resolution conditions. The best resolution was achieved using chlorinated amylose‐based CSPs across the tested compounds. Optical rotation and X‐ray crystallography were employed to determine the absolute configurations of the purified enantiomers.