bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Respirable crystalline silica and lung cancer in community-based studies: impact of job-exposure matrix specifications on exposure–response relationships
Authors: Ohlander Johan , Kromhout Hans , Vermeulen Roel , Portengen Lützen , Kendzia Benjamin , Savary Barbara , Cavallo Domenico , Cattaneo Andrea , Migliori Enrica , Richiardi Lorenzo , Plato Nils , Wichmann Heinz-Erich , Karrasch Stefan , Consonni Dario , Landi Maria Teresa , Caporaso Neil E , Siemiatycki Jack , Gustavsson Per , Jöckel Karl-Heinz , Ahrens Wolfgang , Pohlabeln Hermann , Fernández-Tardón Guillermo , Zaridze David , Jolanta Lissowska Jolanta Lissowska , Beata Swiatkowska Beata Swiatkowska , John K Field John K Field , McLaughlin John R , Demers Paul A , Pandics Tamas , Forastiere Francesco , Fabianova Eleonora , Schejbalova Miriam , Foretova Lenka , Janout Vladimir , Mates Dana , Barul Christine , Brüning Thomas , Behrens Thomas , Straif Kurt , Schüz Joachim , Olsson Ann , Peters Susan 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES: The quantitative job-exposure matrix SYN-JEM consists of various dimensions: job-specific estimates, region-specific estimates, and prior expert ratings of jobs by the semi-quantitative DOM-JEM. We analyzed the effect of different JEM dimensions on the exposure–response relationships between occupational silica exposure and lung cancer risk to investigate how these variations influence estimates of exposure by a quantitative JEM and associated health endpoints.
METHODS: Using SYN-JEM, and alternative SYN-JEM specifications with varying dimensions included, cumulative silica exposure estimates were assigned to 16 901 lung cancer cases and 20 965 controls pooled from 14 international community-based case-control studies. Exposure–response relationships based on SYN-JEM and alternative SYN-JEM specifications were analyzed using regression analyses (by quartiles and log-transformed continuous silica exposure) and generalized additive models (GAM), adjusted for age, sex, study, cigarette pack-years, time since quitting smoking, and ever employment in occupations with established lung cancer risk.
RESULTS: SYN-JEM and alternative specifications generated overall elevated and similar lung cancer odds ratios ranging from 1.13 (1st quartile) to 1.50 (4th quartile). In the categorical and log-linear analyses SYN-JEM with all dimensions included yielded the best model fit, and exclusion of job-specific estimates from SYN-JEM yielded the poorest model fit. Additionally, GAM showed the poorest model fit when excluding job-specific estimates.
CONCLUSION: The established exposure–response relationship between occupational silica exposure and lung cancer was marginally influenced by varying the dimensions of SYN-JEM. Optimized modelling of exposure–response relationships will be obtained when incorporating all relevant dimensions, namely prior rating, job, time, and region. Quantitative job-specific estimates appeared to be the most prominent dimension for this general population JEM.
Efeito de diferentes irrigantes finais na resistência união de um cimento de silicato de cálcio – estudo in vitro
Authors: Baccega Francisco , Dal Bello Yuri 
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a resistência de união do cimento Biodentine® à dentina radicular após a utilização de diferentes irrigantes finais. Método: Vinte dentes humanos extraídos tiveram seu terço médio radicular cortado em fatias que foram submersas em hipoclorito de sódio 2,5% e posteriormente divididas aleatoriamente em 4 grupos experimentais (n=15) conforme o irrigante final utilizado (1) água destilada (controle), (2) QMixTM, (3) ácido cítrico 10%, (4) EDTA 17%. Após a imersão na substância teste as amostras foram preenchidas com o cimento Biodentine e imersas em solução salina tamponada com fosfato (PBS) por um período de 7 dias. O teste de push out foi realizado e os valores de resistência de união em Mpa foram obtidos. Os dados foram analisados pelos testes de Kruskal Wallis e Studend- Newman-Keuls. Resultados: Os piores valores de união foram obtidos após a utilização do EDTA enquanto a água destilada, o QMix e o ácido cítrico apresentaram resultados estatisticamente semelhantes entre si. Conclusão: A remoção da smear layer não resultou em melhora nos resultados de união do cimento Biodentine
Ocorrência de patulina em suco de maçã por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência
Authors: Prado Guilherme , Oliveira Marize S. de , Cunha Mariem R. da , Gomides Maria de Fátima , Abrantes Fabiana M. , Santos Luciana G. dos , Veloso Thaís , Barroso Rita E. de S. 
Published: January 2024

Patulina é uma micotoxina produzida por várias espécies de fungos (Penicillium, Aspergillus e Biossochlamys), principalmente pelo Peniccillium expansum, fungo presente nas maçãs podres. É um composto tóxico, que em experimentos com animais tem demonstrado ter atividade mutagênica, carcinogênica e teratogênica. O conteúdo de patulina em suco de maçã é um bom indicador da qualidade das maçãs utilizadas no processamento. Treze marcas comercializadas em Belo Horizonte / Minas Gerais foram coletadas entre março e setembro de 1999. A metodologia utilizada foi a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) em fase reversa. Patulina foi extraída com acetato de etila e o extrato foi purificado por partição com solução de carbonato de sódio. A separação e quantificação foi realizada em um cromatógrafo líquido por meio de uma coluna de fase reversa C18 (3 µm) e detetor de ultravioleta a 278 nm. Patulina e 5-hidroximetilfurfural (5-HMF) foram completamente separados utilizando como fase móvel 0,8% tetrahidrofurano em água contendo 0,02% de azida de sódio em uma vazão de 0,5 mL/minuto. O limite de detecção foi < 5 µg/L. Foram obtidos recuperações média de patulina superiores a 73% e coeficientes de variação menores que 7%. Patulina foi detectada em apenas uma amostra (10 µg/L)...
The Role of English Speaking- Skills in Career Progression: A Case Study among Sudanese Undergraduate EFL Students
Authors: Rana Md Sohel , Shaikh Rahamat 
Published: January 2024

The present study is to shed light on the nature and extent of the impact of English language proficiency on career advancement across a range of professional contexts by compiling and critically analyzing scientific research on the subject. The research shows on the connections between language proficiency, professional mobility, and socioeconomic circumstances by drawing on the ideas of linguistic capital, socio-linguistic adaptation, and globalized labour markets. Moreover, the English language has a significant influence on our workplaces and businesses. Regardless of differences in geography, society, politics, or religion, English has emerged as the dominant language in the global business community. Fieldwork was carried out at Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research, Andhra Pradesh. For this, Sudanese graduating EFL students were chosen from various courses of the institute.The findings show a significant relationship between job success and English language competency, particularly in fields where English is the predominant language of exchange. The extent of this advantage, however, it varies depending on the industry, the cultural setting, and the specific organizational policies. The findings highlight the importance of English education and training in workforce development plans, particularly in locations with a low native English-speaking population. Businesses may benefit from investing in language training as a means of retaining and developing talent. Policymakers may take these findings into account when creating educational curriculum and social interventions to address linguistic gaps on a larger scale. The investigation reveals a favorable correlation between professional advancement and proficiency in the English language.
Foetal Echocardiography vs. Neonatal Echocardiography for Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Diseases
Authors: Liora Kevina , Santoso Tiffanie Almas , Fahira Siti Alya , Yuliana Theresia Aquila , Oriza Malta Damayant  
Published: January 2024

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a structural abnormality in the heart or major intrathoracic blood vessels that has been present since birth. The antenatal detection of congenital cardiac disease has been greatly enhanced by the advent of fetal echocardiography as a crucial component of prenatal ultrasound evaluation. Nevertheless, antenatal CHD diagnosis rates are still lower than those for the majority of other significant structural defects. Aim : Assess the effectiveness of fetal in comparison to neonatal echocardiography. This study is conductedin accordance to the PRISMA statement. Studies were identified from several open-access electronic databases (PubMed Central, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar). Risk of bias of each study was evaluated using Cochrane Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool. Data were descriptively examined and narratively reported. Twelve studies were included in the review. All included studies were considered low-risk. From 12 studies that were included in our study, all recommend fetal echocardiography for prenatal assessment. Lowest reported sensitivity was 64.5%, highest value was 100%. Lowest repoted specificity was 88.9%, highest value was 99.96%. Diagnostic accuracy was reported in 4 studies, with a value of 93 – 99.82% Factors that might be associated with the accuracy of fetal echocardiography are high anatomic complexity, maternal comorbidities, and fellow as initial imager. Fetal echocardiography was found to have a high specificity but limited sensitivity. Low sensitivity suggests that fetal echocardiography results could be inaccurate whereas high specificity means that a negative echocardiography result is often sufficient to predict the absence of CHD. There are some factors that may affect the accuracy of fetal echocardiography, mostly resulting from fetal or maternal factors, such as high complexity of the anomaly, fetal position, late gestation, maternal obesity, and less-esperienced sonographer.
Will psychedelic research and the ‘psychedelic renaissance’ create another generational divide?
Authors: Dyck Erika 
Published: January 2024

Will psychedelic research and the ‘psychedelic renaissance’ create another generational divide?
Erika Dyck, Canada Research Chair in History of Health & Social Justice at the University of Saskatchewan, discusses changing attitudes to psychedelics and the challenges in forming a strong evidence base from available psychedelic research. As psychedelics re-emerge in the 21st century, their storied past continues to haunt their future. Tales have circulated of their entanglement in unethical medical research and implication in violent behaviours, including suicides and homicides. Psychedelics have even been blamed for turning an entire generation of young people to question authority and the values of a post-World War culture. Are psychedelics really to blame for these social divisions? I do not think that psychedelics are the problem, but they may be a symptom.
Enhancing Japanese elementary and junior high-school foreign language education
Authors: Izumi Emiko 
Published: January 2024

Enhancing Japanese elementary and junior high-school foreign language education
Our ongoing research, fuelled by last year’s research grant, delves into the theme of “Evaluation of Foreign Language Education Fostering Children’s Thinking, Judgment, Expressiveness and Autonomous Attitude in the Digital Age.” This multi-year endeavour aligns with the significant changes unfolding in Japanese education, particularly the revision of elementary school curriculum guidelines, now entering its third year. The era of VUCA, marked by Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity and Ambiguity, has ushered in a period of profound educational reform. The dominance of AI, DX and digital advancements underscores the need for a substantial paradigm shift in perspectives on learning, instruction, and evaluation. Japan stands at the forefront of this transformative journey, with the current educational landscape demanding the most extensive post-war reform.
Microfluidic microbial bioreactors: How studying microbes at the microscale can help empower microbiology
Authors: Bose Arpita , Stoica Andreea , Meacham J Mark , Blodgett Joshua A.V 
Published: January 2024

Microfluidic microbial bioreactors: How studying microbes at the microsale can help empower microbiology
Long before the existence of microbes was known, humans were unknowingly harnessing their power through practices such as brewing, bread leavening, or cheesemaking. These processes extended the shelf life of food, enhanced its nutritional value, and significantly contributed to the advancement of industry and civilization. At the heart of these practices lies the process of fermentation, where sugars are transformed by different microorganisms into acids or alcohols. Fermentation processes are anaerobic, requiring an environment devoid of oxygen for optimal performance. Initially unaware of the invisible microbial agents at work behind this process, humans gradually developed specialized containers designed to create and maintain the necessary growth conditions. However, humanity can no longer afford to build new reactors based on centuries of trial and error. Instead, we must focus on advancing technologies and establishing measurement techniques that can accelerate the pace of scientific discovery.
Mongolia and the One Health Approach
Authors: Lee Sukho 
Published: January 2024

Mongolia and the one health approach
Mongolia’s unique ecosystems and cultures come with an equally unique set of wildlife management challenges. Sandwiched between Russia and China lies a country whose vibrant ecosystems and rich cultures punch above its recognition worldwide. Rugged landscapes, iconic species and countless recognitions on UNESCO’s World Heritage and Intangible Cultural Heritage lists, Mongolia is a treasure trove that is representative of the beauty our planet has to offer. However, Mongolia’s unique ecosystems and cultures come with an equally unique set of wildlife management challenges.
Sepsis Canada: Building a national research network for sepsis awareness
Authors: Fox-Robichaud Alison , Loubani Osama , Salim Saad 
Published: January 2024

Sepsis Canada: Building a national research network for sepsis awareness
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition estimated to affect 49 million people annually worldwide; yet it is not widely understood. In this article, we hear how Sepsis Canada is working to promote sepsis awareness through supporting research, public education, and cross-disciplinary training. In 2017 the World Health Assembly declared sepsis, defined as the life-threatening organ dysfunction due to infection, a global health priority. They emphasized the critical need for advancements in prevention, diagnosis, and clinical management. With a staggering cost exceeding $2.6 billion annually and a mortality rate ranging from 20-35% for those requiring ICU care, the impact of sepsis on the Canadian healthcare system has been immense. (1)
Bio-manufacturing: The future of food production
Authors: Linton Cai 
Published: January 2024

Bio-manufacturing: The future of food production
The future of food production is bio-manufacturing. Here, we discover Multus is helping it scale. Without humans, just 3% of land-based mammals are wild animals by weight. Global meat production eclipsed 347,000,000,000 kg in 2022 (OECD/FAO, 2023), contributing to more greenhouse gas emissions than cars, trucks, ships and planes combined and using 73% of global antibiotics (K. Tiseo et al., 2020). By 2050, the World Health Organization estimates up to 10 million deaths – the same as cancer – could be caused by antibiotic-resistant superbugs. Our consumption of meat from intensive farming is literally consuming the planet. Yet, global demand for meat continues to rise. Over the next ten years, meat demand is set to increase by an additional 41,000,000,000 kg per year (OECD/FAO, 2023).
Interact fostering polar science and research in the arctic
Authors: Johansson Margareta , Callaghan Terry V 
Published: January 2024

Interact fostering polar science and research in the arctic
Margareta Johansson and Terry V. Callaghan CMG, on behalf of INTERACT friends, walk us through a series of EU projects that foster polar science and research in the Arctic. The Arctic is big; it plays a massive role in the Earth’s climate and economy and is changing. Climate warming in the Arctic is four times faster than the world’s, and the changes there will affect most people on Earth. (1) However, few people live there, and even fewer people observe, understand and respond to the changes. INTERACT, a series of EU projects, works hard with scientists worldwide and local and Indigenous peoples to fix this challenge.
MAGL inhibition: A novel treatment option for combating inflammatory disease?
Authors: Grether Uwe , Blaising Julie 
Published: January 2024

MAGL inhibition: A novel treatment option for combating inflammatory disease?
Pharma researchers Uwe Grether and Julie Blaising from F. 48-La Roche Ltd. highlight the vast therapeutic potential of MAGL inhibition for central and peripheral diseases. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is an important lipid signalling system that is highly conserved among vertebrates. It plays a key role in many human health and disease states.(1) Key components of the ECS are the endocannabinoids (eCBs), in particular 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG) and N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA). The eCBs bind to and activate the type-1 and type-2 cannabinoid receptors (CB1R and CB2R, respectively), which are highly important targets for treating multiple human diseases ranging from metabolic indications to neurodegenerative disorders.(2)
Empowerment through education: Sexual assault resistance programs for girls and young women
Authors: Senn Charlene Y , Crann Sara E 
Published: January 2024

Empowerment through education: Sexual assault resistance programs for girls and young women
Charlene Y. Senn and Sara E. Crann from the University of Windsor discuss the importance of sexual assault resistance programs in equipping girls and young women with the knowledge and skills to reduce the risk of sexual assault. Sexual assault is a form of gender-based violence. While anyone can be a victim, research consistently finds that victims are most often girls and women (~85%), and 90% of perpetrators are boys and men. Research also shows that it is girls and young women between 14-24 years old who are at the highest risk for sexual assault. Despite over 50 years of high-quality research on sexual assault and widespread attention to the issue through movements like #MeToo, we have seen little progress in reducing sexual assault on a broad scale. Ending sexual assault requires a comprehensive strategy that includes:
Green infrastructure for ecosystem resilience
Authors: Drius Mita , Silveri Luana 
Published: January 2024

Green infrastructure for ecosystem resilience
Mita Drius and Luana Silveri from the Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, explain fostering green infrastructure for ecosystem resilience in Alpine regions. The FRACTAL model, we hear, is a bottom-up all-round approach. In the last century, human population growth and industrial development have led to the depletion of natural resources, ecosystem degradation, and a worrying change in global climatic conditions. Habitat and ecosystem fragmentation due to land use change is recognised as one of the most striking threats to biodiversity. Fragmentation of habitats alters species’ normal life cycle and ecology by preventing them from reaching their migration and dispersal destinations.
Toxic textiles: Potential health risks associated with toxic chemicals in clothing
Authors: Muñoz Maria A , Lein Pamela J 
Published: January 2024

Toxic textiles: Potential health risks associated with toxic chemicals in clothing
Maria A. Muñoz and Pamela J. Lein from the University of California, Davis, focus on the potential health risks associated with toxic chemicals in clothing. In 2011, approximately 800 of 3,000 Alaska Airlines attendants began reporting various symptoms, including skin rashes, itchy eyes, and coughing. These complaints coincided with the introduction of new uniforms earlier that year and would continue until February 2014, when the clothing was recalled. Laboratory analyses of the attendants’ uniforms detected various toxic chemicals, including metals (lead, chromium, and cobalt) and known skin irritants, such as toluene, tributyl phosphate, and dimethyl fumarate, in the cloth used to make the uniforms.
أثر استخدام استراتيجية سوم (SWOM) في تنمية مهارات التفكير الرياضي لدى طلاب المرحلة الأساسية
Authors: المصباحي جمال حمزة سالم عبدالله 
Published: January 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى معرفة أثر استخدام استراتيجية سوم (SWOM) في تنمية مهارات التفكير الرياضي لدى طلاب المرحلة الأساسية بأمانة العاصمة- صنعاء، اعتمد الباحث المنهج التجريبي، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (80) طالب من طلاب الصف التاسع الأساسي بأمانة العاصمة- صنعاء، وُزعت عينة الدراسة إلى مجموعتين متكافئتين مجموعة تجريبية تضم (40) طالباً درست وفق إستراتيجية سوم (SWOM)، ومجموعة ضابطه تضم (42) طالباً درست بالطريقة المعتادة. ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة تم بناء دليل للمعلم وكتيب للطالب في وحدة تحليل المقادير الجبرية، ولتجميع البيانات تم إعداد اختبار لمهارات التفكير الرياضي، وتطبيقه قبلياً و بعدياً على المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة بعد التأكد من صدقه وثباته والذي بلغ(0.88) وهو معامل ثبات مناسب، وقد أظهرت النتائج وجود فروق دالة احصائياً عند مستوى دلالة أقل من (0.05) في متوسطات درجات المجموعتين لصالح المجموعة التجريبية، وبحجم أثر كبير حيث بلغت قيمته(0.463)، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعه من التوصيات من أهمها، إعادة النظر في مناهج الرياضيات بحيث يتم وضع المنهج وفق إستراتيجيات تعمل على تنمية التفكير لدى المتعلمين، والاهتمام بإداء المعلم من خلال تدريبه على برامج تعليمية تعمل على تغير ممارسته الصفية واهتمامه في كيفية جعل الطالب مفكراً.