bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First asteroseismic analysis of the globular cluster M80: multiple populations and stellar mass-loss
Authors: Howell Madeline , Campbell Simon W , Stello Dennis , De Silva Gayandhi M 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Asteroseismology provides a new avenue for accurately measuring the masses of evolved globular cluster (GC) stars. We present the first detections of solar-like oscillations in 47 red giant branch (RGB) and early asymptotic giant branch (EAGB) stars in the metal-poor GC M80; only the second with measured seismic masses. We investigate two areas of stellar evolution and GC science: multiple populations and stellar mass-loss. We detect a distinct bimodality in the EAGB mass distribution. We suggest that this could be due to sub-population membership. If confirmed in future work with spectroscopy, it would be the first direct measurement of a mass difference between sub-populations. A mass difference was not detected between the sub-populations in our RGB sample. We instead measured an average RGB mass of $0.782\pm 0.009~\mathrm{M}_{\odot }$, which we interpret as the average of the sub-populations. Differing mass-loss rates on the RGB have been proposed as the second parameter that could explain the horizontal branch morphology variations between GCs. We calculated an integrated RGB mass-loss separately for each sub-population: $0.12\pm 0.02~\mathrm{M}_{\odot }$ (SP1) and $0.25\pm 0.02~\mathrm{M}_{\odot }$ (SP2). Thus, SP2 stars appear to have enhanced mass-loss on the RGB. Mass-loss is thought to scale with metallicity, which we confirm by comparing our results to a higher metallicity GC, M4. Finally, our study shows the robustness of the Δν-independent mass scaling relation in the low-metallicity (and low surface gravity) regime.
Age-Friendly Health Systems
Authors: Raparla Amor , Thorngthip Sutthinee , Pino Lilia , Hughes Robin , Pohnert Anne M. , Dolansky Mary A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
This article discusses the Age-Friendly Health Systems (AFHS) initiative, which aims to provide safe and effective care for older adults by focusing on the 4Ms framework: What Matters, Medication, Mentation, and Mobility. This article also outlines strategies for educating nurses on incorporating the AFHS initiative into their routine care and the potential impact on nursing care for older adults.
Leiomyoma Fistulization After Uterine Artery Embolization
Authors: Yu Lulu , Lee Ziho , Brown Oluwateniola , Yang Linda C. 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:
Uterine artery embolization (UAE) has been used to treat symptomatic uterine leiomyomas since 1995. This case report describes a rare complication of UAE, with delayed recognition, ultimately requiring definitive hysterectomy.

CASE:
A 53-year-old women with symptomatic leiomyomas underwent imaging demonstrating an enlarged (16.9×11.3×11.5 cm) uterus with multiple leiomyomas. She underwent UAE and, over the subsequent 3 months, and had five emergency department visits for abdominal pain and dysuria. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 4 months postprocedure showed nodular mural enhancement of the right anterior bladder dome, and cystoscopy demonstrated irregular tissue on the right dome of the bladder. The patient ultimately underwent total laparoscopic hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, partial cystectomy with reconstruction, and omental flap for bladder necrosis and leiomyoma fistulization.

CONCLUSION:
Bladder necrosis and leiomyoma fistulization are rare complications of UAE that can present with pelvic pain, hematuria, and recurrent bladder stones. Computed tomography and MRI can be useful tools in evaluating for complications, but clinicians should have a low threshold to use cystoscopy to directly visualize potential abnormalities identified on imaging. Patients with complex cases with suspected post-UAE complications warrant referral to tertiary care centers for a multidisciplinary approach.
Incidence of Focal Osteolysis in a Titanium Limb-Lengthening Device: A Comparison to a Stainless-Steel Model
Authors: Sax Oliver C. , Hlukha Larysa P. , Kowalewski Kyle A. , Bains Sandeep S. , Dubin Jeremy A. , Herzenberg John E. , Assayag Michael J. , McClure Philip K. 
Published: November 2023

Objectives:
To evaluate 1 manufacturer's titanium intramedullary lengthening nail (ILN) for radiographic evidence of adverse tissue reactions similar to those in their stainless-steel ILN that was recalled in 2021, with specific outcomes of (1) incidence of periosteal reaction and osteolysis and (2) adverse tissue reaction-related device failures.

Design:
Radiographic review of consecutive patients with ≥1-year clinical follow-up who received 1 manufacturer's ILNs implanted in the femur and/or tibia from February 2012 to July 2021.

Setting:
Single tertiary-care center.

Patients/Participants:
Two hundred twenty-six limbs with titanium ILNs and 57 limbs with stainless-steel ILNs.

Intervention:
Precice titanium ILN (NuVasive Specialized Orthopedics, San Diego, CA) and Stryde stainless-steel ILN (NuVasive Specialized Orthopedics).

Main Outcome Measurements:
Radiographic outcome data and complications.

Results:
Of 226 limbs with titanium ILNs, 160 (70.8%) had periosteal reaction, and 2 (0.9%) had osteolysis. Periosteal reaction and osteolysis rates in stainless-steel ILNs (57 limbs) were 39% and 26%, respectively. No adverse tissue reaction-related device failures were noted with titanium. Several other complications presented, notably hip and/or knee tissue contracture (141), consolidation problems (8), and needing peroneal nerve decompression (14).

Conclusions:
Osteolysis incidence was substantially less among the titanium population, supporting the claim that observed osteolysis in the stainless-steel cohort was attributed to its construct. On average, periosteal reaction was radiographically appreciated later in patients with titanium than stainless steel. Further study is needed to confirm this finding.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Vessel Density Features of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography for Classification of Glaucoma Using Machine Learning
Authors: Jalili Jalil , Nadimi Mohadeseh , Jafari Behzad , Esfandiari Amirreza , Sadeghi Reza , Ghahari Parichehr , Sajedi Marziyeh , Safizade Mona , Aghsaei Fard Masoud 
Published: November 2023

Précis:
Machine learning (ML) based on the optical coherence tomography angiography vessel density features with different thresholds using a support vector machine (SVM) model provides excellent performance for glaucoma detection.

Background:
To assess the classification performance of ML based on the 4 vessel density features of peripapillary optical coherence tomography angiography for glaucoma detection.

Methods:
Images from 119 eyes of 119 glaucoma patients and 76 eyes of 76 healthy individuals were included. Four vessel density features of optical coherence tomography angiography images were developed using a threshold-based segmentation method and were integrated into 3 models of machine learning classifiers. Images were divided into 70% training set and 30% test set. Classification performances of SVM, random forest, and Gaussian Naive Bayes models were evaluated with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and accuracy.

Results:
Glaucoma eyes had lower vessel densities at different thresholds. For differentiating glaucoma eyes, the best results were achieved with 70% and 100% thresholds, in which SVM classifier discriminated glaucoma from healthy eyes with an AUC of 1 and accuracy of 1. After SVM, the random forest classifier with 100% thresholds showed an AUC of 0.993 and an accuracy of 0.994. Furthermore, the AUC of our ML performance (SVM) was 0.96 in a subgroup analysis of mild and moderate glaucoma eyes.

Conclusions:
ML based on the combined peripapillary vessel density features of total vessels and capillaries in the whole image and ring image could provide excellent performance for glaucoma detection.
Real-world outcomes in spinal cord stimulation: predictors of reported effect and explantation using a comprehensive registry-based approach
Authors: Kirketeig Terje , Söreskog Emma , Jacobson Trolle , Karlsten Rolf , Zethraeus Niklas , Borgström Fredrik 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Despite advancements in implanted hardware and development of novel stimulation paradigms in Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS), real world evidence suggests a large variation in patient reported outcomes and a proportion of patients are later explanted due to loss of analgesia. Possible predictors for outcome have been explored in smaller short-term evaluations, but few clinically applicable robust measures for long term outcome have emerged.

Methods:
We performed a comprehensive retrospective study based on an assembled patient-level aggregated database from multiple local and national registries in Sweden. Variables associated with risk of explantation (due to insufficient analgesia) and analgesic effect was analyzed using a Cox regression analysis and an ordered logit regression model, respectively.

Results:
We found the accumulated risk of explantation due to loss of analgesia to be 10% and 21% at two and ten years follow up, respectively. The use of 10 kHz spinal cord stimulation (compared with Tonic waveform; p = 0.003), and being 60 years or older (reference 18-40 years; p = 0.003) were associated with an increased risk of explantation.
At a mean follow up at 1 year, 48% of patients reported a pain intensity reduction from baseline of at least 30%. Secondary (p = 0.030) and post-secondary (p = 0.001) education (compared with primary education) was associated with an increased probability of successful patient reported outcomes.

Conclusion:
This study suggests that a higher educational level and being employed are associated with successful treatment outcome in patients with chronic pain treated with SCS in Sweden.
68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG Uptake in a Patient With Esophageal Candida Infection
Authors: Chen Xi , Liu Mengna , Yang Liping , Shu Qiaoqiao , Cai Liang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A 67-year-old woman presented with dysphagia for 2 months. Enhanced chest CT suggested thickening of the esophageal wall, which was suspected to be a malignancy. The patient then underwent 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT. Increased uptake was observed in both tracers in the thickened esophageal wall. However, biopsy demonstrated candida infection of esophagus. After treatment, the symptoms of the patient were relieved.
Atypical Layering of FDG in Pleural Effusion
Authors: Han Eun Ji , Yoon Hyukjin , Choi Woo Hee 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Radiopharmaceuticals can accumulate in malignant or nonmalignant pleural effusion on γ and PET imaging, and effusion shows a pattern of diffusely or focally increased activity. Herein, we report atypical layering of FDG in pleural effusion on PET/CT of 3 patients with metastatic gynecological cancer.
Consolidating evidence on the role of insulin resistance in major depressive disorder
Authors: Krupa Anna Julia , Dudek Dominika , Siwek Marcin 
Published: November 2023

Purpose of review
The circular interactions between type 2 diabetes (TMD2) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are well documented but the understanding of their mechanisms has only recently gained more clarity. Latest research indicates, that the association between TMD2 and MDD is largely mediated by insulin resistance (IR).

Recent findings
A metabolic subtype of MDD can be distinguished from other MDD subpopulations, that is characterized by predominantly atypical clinical presentation, IR and different responsiveness to antidepressant interventions. IR is a predictor of nonresponse to some antidepressants. The IR seems to be a state-marker of clinical or subclinical depression and the relationship between IR and MDD varies between sexes and ethnicities. Insulin has a direct impact on the monoaminergic systems known to underlie MDD symptoms: serotoninergic and dopaminergic, which are dysregulated in IR subjects. Several trials assessed the efficacy of insulin-sensitizing drugs in MDD with mixed results for metformin and more consistent evidence for pioglitazone and lifestyle intervention/physical activity.

Summary
Recently published data suggest a significant role of IR in the clinical presentation, pathophysiology and treatment response in MDD. Further research of IR in MDD and integration of existing data into clinical practice are needed.
IMGT/RobustpMHC: Robust Training for class-I MHC Peptide Binding Prediction
Authors: Kushwaha Anjana , Duroux Patrice , Giudicelli Véronique , Todorov Konstantin , Kossida Sofia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe accurate prediction of peptide-MHC class I binding probabilities is a critical endeavor in immunoinformatics, with broad implications for vaccine development and immunotherapies. While recent deep neural network based approaches have showcased promise in peptide-MHC prediction, they have two shortcomings: (i) they rely on hand-crafted pseudo-sequence extraction, (ii) they do not generalise well to different datasets, which limits the practicality of these approaches. In this paper, we present PerceiverpMHC that is able to learn accurate representations on full-sequences by leveraging efficient transformer based architectures. Additionally, we propose IMGT/RobustpMHC that harnesses the potential of unlabeled data in improving the robustness of peptide-MHC binding predictions through a self-supervised learning strategy. We extensively evaluate RobustpMHC on 8 different datasets and showcase the improvements over the state-of-the-art approaches. Finally, we compile CrystalIMGT, a crystallography verified dataset that presents a challenge to existing approaches due to significantly different peptide-MHC distributions.
Evolutionary arms race between SARS-CoV-2 and interferon signaling via dynamic interaction with autophagy
Authors: Lee Jae Seung , Dittmar Mark , Miller Jesse , Li Minghua , Ayyanathan Kasirajan , Ferretti Max , Hulahan Jesse , Whig Kanupriya , Etwebi Zienab , Griesman Trevor , Schultz David C. , Cherry Sara 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 emerged, and is evolving to efficiently infect humans worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 evades early innate recognition, interferon signaling activated only in bystander cells. This balance of innate activation and viral evasion has important consequences, but the pathways involved are incompletely understood. Here we find that autophagy genes regulate innate immune signaling, impacting the basal set point of interferons, and thus permissivity to infection. Mechanistically, autophagy genes negatively regulate MAVS, and this low basal level of MAVS is efficiently antagonized by SARS-CoV-2 ORF9b, blocking interferon activation in infected cells. However, upon loss of autophagy increased MAVS overcomes ORF9b-mediated antagonism suppressing infection. This has led to the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants to express higher levels of ORF9b, allowing SARS-CoV-2 to replicate under conditions of increased MAVS signaling. Altogether, we find a critical role of autophagy in the regulation of innate immunity and uncover an evolutionary trajectory of SARS-CoV-2 ORF9b to overcome host defenses.
The Lactate Receptor GPR81 is a Mechanism of Leukemia-Associated Macrophage Polarization in the Bone Marrow Microenvironment
Authors: Soto Celia A. , Lesch Maggie L. , Becker Jennifer L. , Sharipol Azmeer , Khan Amal , Schafer Xenia L. , Becker Michael W. , Munger Joshua C. , Frisch Benjamin J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInteractions between acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) are critical to leukemia progression and chemoresistance. Altered metabolite levels in the tumor microenvironment contribute to immunosuppression in solid tumors, while this has not been studied yet in the leukemic BMME. Metabolomics of AML patient bone marrow serum detected elevated metabolites, including lactate, compared to age- and sex-matched controls. Excess lactate has been implicated in solid tumors for inducing suppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and correlates with poor prognosis. We describe the role of lactate in the polarization of leukemia-associated macrophages (LAMs) using a murine model of blast crisis chronic myelogenous leukemia (bcCML) and mice genetically lacking the lactate receptor GPR81. LAMs were CD206hiand suppressive in transcriptomics and cytokine profiling. Yet, LAMs had a largely unique expression profile from other types of TAMs. We demonstrate GPR81 signaling as a mechanism of both LAM polarization and the direct support of leukemia cell growth and self-repopulation. Furthermore, LAMs and elevated lactate diminished the function of hematopoietic progenitors and stromal support, while knockout of GPR81 had modest protective effects on the hematopoietic system. We report microenvironmental lactate as a critical driver of AML-induced immunosuppression and leukemic progression, thus identifying GPR81 signaling as an exciting and novel therapeutic target for treating this devastating disease.
Cross-Sampling Rate Transfer Learning for Enhanced Raw EEG Deep Learning Classifier Performance in Major Depressive Disorder Diagnosis
Authors: Ellis Charles A. , Miller Robyn L. , Calhoun Vince D. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTTransfer learning offers a route for developing robust deep learning models on small raw electroencephalography (EEG) datasets. Nevertheless, the utility of applying representations learned from large datasets with a lower sampling rate to smaller datasets with higher sampling rates remains relatively unexplored. In this study, we transfer representations learned by a convolutional neural network on a large, publicly available sleep dataset with a 100 Hertz sampling rate to a major depressive disorder (MDD) diagnosis task at a sampling rate of 200 Hertz. Importantly, we find that the early convolutional layers contain representations that are generalizable across tasks. Moreover, our approach significantly increases mean model accuracy from 82.33% to 86.99%, increases the model’s use of lower frequencies, (θ-band), and increases its robustness to channel loss. We expect this analysis to provide useful guidance and enable more widespread use of transfer learning in EEG deep learning studies.
High-throughput thermodynamic and kinetic measurements of transcription factor/DNA mutations reveal how conformational heterogeneity can shape motif selectivity
Authors: Hastings R. , Aditham A. , DelRosso N. , Suzuki P. , Fordyce P.M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTranscription factors (TFs) bind DNA sequences with a range of affinities, yet the mechanisms determining energetic differences between high- and low-affinity sequences (‘selectivity’) remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated two basic helix-loop-helix TFs, MAX(H. sapiens)and Pho4(S. cerevisiae), that bind the same high-affinity sequence with highly similar nucleotide-contacting residues and bound structures but are differentially selective for non-cognate sequences. By measuring >1700Kds and >500 rate constants for Pho4 and MAX mutant libraries binding multiple DNA sequences and comparing these measurements with thermodynamic and kinetic models, we identify the biophysical mechanisms by which changes to TF sequence alter both bound and unbound conformational ensembles to shape specificity landscapes. These results highlight the importance of conformational heterogeneity in determining sequence specificity and selectivity and can guide future efforts to engineer nucleic acid-binding proteins with enhanced selectivity.
Peripheral nerve injury results in a biased loss of sensory neuron sub-populations
Authors: Cooper Andrew H. , Barry Allison M. , Chrysostomidou Paschalina , Lolignier Romane , Titterton Heather F. , Bennett David L. , Weir Greg A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere is a rich literature describing loss of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons following peripheral axotomy, but the vulnerability of discrete subpopulations has not yet been characterised. Furthermore, the extent and even presence of neuron loss following injury has recently been challenged. In this study, we have used a range of transgenic recombinase driver mouse lines to genetically label molecularly defined subpopulations of DRG neurons and track their survival following traumatic nerve injury. We find that spared nerve injury (SNI) leads to a marked loss of cell containing DRG-volume and a concomitant loss of small diameter DRG neurons. Neuron loss occurs unequally across subpopulations and is particularly prevalent in non-peptidergic nociceptors, marked by expression of Mrgprd. We show that this subpopulation is almost entirely lost following SNI and severely depleted (by roughly 50%) following sciatic nerve crush. Finally, we used anin vitromodel of DRG neuron survival to demonstrate that non-peptidergic nociceptor loss is likely dependent on the absence of neurotrophic support. Together, these results profile the extent to which DRG neuron subpopulations can survive axotomy, with implications for our understanding of nerve injury-induced plasticity and pain.
Spatial and Temporal Inhomogeneity of Magnetic Background in Cell Culture Experiments: The Role of Type and Position of CO2-Incubator in a Laboratory
Authors: Sencha Ludmila M. , Karpova Maria A. , Dolinin Alexey A. , Sarafanov Fedor G. , Ilin Nikolay V. , Mareev Evgeny A. , Vodeneev Vladimir A. , Grinberg Marina A. , Balalaeva Irina V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn vitro cultivation of cells in strictly controlled conditions of a biological incubator is a widely used experimental model in biological studies. The CO2-incubators allow control of temperature, atmospheric composition, and humidity; however, the recent reports point out at possible significant and incontrollable influence of incubators on magnetic background. We demonstrated that two types of CO2-incubators sufficiently alter the static magnetic field (SMF) in the inner chamber compared to natural geomagnetic field, and the effect depends on the incubator model. The values of SMF in the center of incubators’ chambers were lower than natural; nevertheless, the strongly expressed spatial inhomogeneity of SMF was registered, with both reduced, up to hypomagnetic, and increased SMF values. One of the incubators in operating mode generated oscillations in magnetic field with period of oscillations about several seconds and peak-to-peak amplitude depending on the measuring point within the chamber volume, up to 115% of the mean value. Since the magnetic background is considered to contribute in multiple biological effects, we emphasize the significant impact of CO2-incubators on magnetic background in cell culture experiments and assume that its spatial and temporal inhomogeneity may be a source for variability in cell study results.HighlightsCO2-incubators sufficiently alter the static magnetic field in the inner chamber compared to natural geomagnetic fieldSpatial inhomogeneity of the magnetic field depends on CO2-incubator type and can reach the gradient value of more than 60 μT.In one type of the incubator, the generated oscillations in magnetic field were registered with a period of several seconds and a peak-to-peak amplitude up to 115% of the mean value.