bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial-boundary value problem for a fractional heat equation on an interval
Authors: Peña Y Pérez , Sánchez J Ortíz , Ariza Hernández F J , Árciga Alejandre M P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we study a Dirichlet problem for a fractional heat equation, with spacial fractional derivative in the sense of Riemann–Liouville on a finite interval. The main ideas of Fokas method is employed, where the Lax pairs are used to obtain an integral representation of solutions.
Cholecystostoma: unusual evolution of a cholecystocutaneous fistula following percutaneous incision and drainage of perforated cholecystitis
Authors: Naim Andrea J , De Robles Marie Shella 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Cholecystocutaneous fistulas (CCFs) are rare complications of gallbladder disease, wherein chronic inflammation leads the formation of an anomalous fistulous tract between the gallbladder and skin. Widespread availability of imaging modalities and timely access to surgical expertise has caused a marked decline in their incidence. Consequently, there is notable heterogeneity in management approaches to this disease entity, and guidance regarding the best, evidence-based treatment strategy is lacking. Most patients are definitively managed with cholecystectomy and en bloc excision of the adjoining fistula tract. However, there is no guidance on how to manage patients whose comorbidities preclude them from operative intervention. We provide the first report chronicling the stepwise development of a CCF in a 75-year-old woman, complete with pictorial documentation of its evolution. Furthermore, we present the inaugural account of a practical, safe approach to the long-term conservative management of CCFs in patients in whom surgical or endoscopic intervention is prohibitive.
Conservative aortic valve surgery and supra-coronary tube: a case report
Authors: Idrissa Abdel Malick , Wazaren Hicham , Bouhdadi Hanae , Jihad Briki , Youssef Saadouni , Benlafqih Chakib , Rhissassi Jaafar , Sayah Rochde , Laaroussi Mohammed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Conservative aortic valve surgery is becoming an effective alternative to aortic valve replacement for patients with aortic insufficiency (AI) and ascending aortic aneurysms. It has become a crucial component of the therapeutic arsenal recommended by the learned societies. This paper reports the case of a patient with severe AI following dilatation of the supra-coronary aorta that underwent aortic plasty associated with a supra-coronary tube in the Cardiovascular Surgery Department ‘A’ of the Ibn Sina Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
Primary splenic multicystic peritoneal mesothelioma in a young healthy male
Authors: Price Matthew D , Nair Shuait , Harris James 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Multicystic peritoneal mesothelioma (BMPM) is a rare, usually benign tumor that arises from peritoneal mesothelial cells that most commonly occurs in women of reproductive age. Pathogenesis of these tumors is thought to come from chronic inflammation from prior surgery, endometriosis, trauma, or recurrent peritonitis. Here we report a case of primary splenic BMPM in a 20-year-old male with no past medical or surgical history and without any typical risk factors for this condition. He underwent an open splenectomy without complication. Pathology revealed an 18 × 4 × 11 cm3 spleen with a cyst occupying 75% of the splenic surface. Sections revealed a multilocular cyst with trabeculated walls and immunohistochemical staining positive for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) consistent with BMPM. One year post operatively he remains asymptomatic; however, his interval computed tomography (CT) scan revealed several sub centimeter nodules that either represents small splenules or neoplastic implants. These will be followed with close interval imaging.
Isolated free intraperitoneal fluid in young male after blunt abdominal sport trauma: two case reports from the World Cup 2022
Authors: Al-Aieb Abubaker , Abdelrahman Husham , Rizoli Sandro , El-Menyar Ayman , Nabir Syed , Kloub Ahmad , Al-Thani Hassan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The presence of isolated intraperitoneal free fluid (IFIPF) indicates the presence of mesenteric, organ, or bowel injury, which necessitates surgical exploration. The advances in computerized tomographic scanning (CT scan) allow even smaller amounts of IFIPF being detected. However, the clinical significance of IFIPF following blunt abdominal trauma remains not well-studied. Moreover, IFIPF is an unexpected condition in healthy male in the absence of mesenteric or organ injury on abdominal imaging. Herein, we presented two cases with IFIPF detected by CT scan in two healthy football male players during the World Cup 2022. The two players were managed conservatively and rejoined safely their football team during the same competition.
Measuring small-scale magnetic fields of 44 M dwarfs from SPIRou spectra with ZeeTurbo
Authors: Cristofari P I , Donati J-F , Moutou C , Lehmann L T , Charpentier P , Fouqué P , Folsom C P , Masseron T , Carmona A , Delfosse X , Petit P , Artigau E , Cook N J ,   the SLS consortium
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the results of an analysis aimed at probing the small-scale magnetic fields of M dwarfs observed with SPIRou, the nIR high-resolution spectro-polarimeter installed at the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope, in the context of the SPIRou Legacy Survey. Our analysis relies on high-resolution median spectra built from several tens of spectra recorded between 2019 and 2022, and on synthetic spectra computed with the ZeeTurbo code for various combination of atmospheric parameters and magnetic field strengths. We pursue the efforts undertaken in a previous study and focus on 44 weakly to moderately active M dwarfs. We derive average magnetic field strengths (&lt;B&gt;) ranging from 0.05 to 1.15 kG, in good agreement with activity estimates and rotation periods. We found that including magnetic fields in our models has virtually no impact on our derived atmospheric parameters, and that a priori assumptions on the stellar surface gravity can affect our estimated &lt;B&gt;. Our results suggest that small-scale magnetic fields account for more than 70 per cent of the overall average magnetic field for most targets whose large-scale fields were previously measured. We derived low magnetic fluxes for several targets in our sample, and found no clear evidence that &lt;B&gt; decreases with increasing Rossby number in the unsaturated dynamo regime. We even identified counterexamples (GJ 1289 and GJ 1286) where the small-scale field is unusually strong despite the long rotation period. Along with similar results on the large-scale fields, our findings further suggest that dynamo processes may operate in a non-conventional mode in these strongly magnetic, slowly rotating stars.
Quantum scattering cross-sections for O(3P) + N2 collisions for planetary aeronomy
Authors: Kumar Sanchit , Kumar Sumit , Gacesa Marko , El-Kork Nayla , Yamijala Sharma S R K C 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
‘Hot atoms’, atoms in their excited states, transfer their energy to the surrounding atmosphere through collisions. This process (known as thermalization) plays a crucial role in various astrophysical and atmospheric processes. Thermalization of hot atoms is mainly governed by the amount of species present in the surrounding atmosphere and the collision cross-sections between the hot atoms and surrounding species. In this work, we investigated the elastic and inelastic collisions between hot oxygen atoms and neutral N2 molecules, relevant to oxygen gas escape from the Martian atmosphere and for characterizing the chemical reactions in hypersonic flows. We conducted a series of quantum scattering calculations between various isotopes of O(3P) atoms and N2 molecules across a range of collision energies (0.3–4 eV), and computed both their differential and collision cross-sections using quantum time-independent coupled-channel approach. Our differential cross-section results indicate a strong preference for forward scattering over sideways or backward scattering, and this anisotropy in scattering is further pronounced at higher collision energies. By comparing the cross-sections of three oxygen isotopes, we find that the heavier isotopes consistently have larger collision cross-sections than the lighter isotopes. As a whole, this study contributes to a better understanding of the energy distribution and thermalization processes of hot atoms within atmospheric environments. Specifically, the cross-sectional data presented in this work is directly useful in improving the accuracy of energy relaxation modelling of O and N2 collisions over the Mars and Venus atmospheres.
Interesting clues to detect hidden tidal disruption events in active galactic nuclei
Authors: Zhang Xue-Guang 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
In the manuscript, effects of tidal disruption events (TDEs) are estimated on long-term AGN variability, to provide interesting clues to detect probable hidden TDEs in normal broad line AGN with apparent intrinsic variability which overwhelm the TDEs expected variability features, after considering the unique TDEs expected variability patterns. Based on theoretical TDEs expected variability plus AGN intrinsic variability randomly simulated by Continuous AutoRegressive process, long-term variability properties with and without TDEs contributions are well analysed in AGN. Then, interesting effects of TDEs can be determined on long-term observed variability of AGN. First, more massive BHs, especially masses larger than $10^7\, {\rm M_\odot }$, can lead to more sensitive and positive dependence of τTN on RTN, with τTN as variability time-scale ratio of light curves with TDEs contributions to intrinsic light curves without TDEs contributions, and RTN as ratio of peak intensity of TDEs expected variability to the mean intensity of intrinsic AGN variability without TDEs contributions. Secondly, stronger TDEs contributions RTN can lead to τTN quite larger than 5. Thirdly, for intrinsic AGN variability having longer variability time-scales, TDEs contributions will lead τTN to be increased more slowly. The results actually provide an interesting forward-looking method to detect probable hidden TDEs in normal broad-line AGN, due to quite different variability properties, especially different DRW/CAR process expected variability time-scales, in different epochs, especially in normal broad line AGN with shorter intrinsic variability time-scales and with BH masses larger than $10^7\, {\rm M_\odot }$.
Five years of 6.7-GHz methanol maser monitoring with Irbene radio telescopes
Authors: Aberfelds A , Šteinbergs J , Shmeld I , Burns R A 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the results of a 5-yr monitoring program of 42 sources targeted at 6.7-GHz methanol masers, conducted from 2017 March to 2022 October using the Irbene 32- and 16-m radio telescopes. Sources were observed with irregular intervals where time between two consecutive observations ranged from 24 h to 35 d. We found that more than 55 per cent of the sources showed significant variability, but often only one or a few spectral features were varying significantly. Numerous type of variability were found in our sample: low-variable, periodic, irregular, synchronized, and anticorrelated between features and steadily raising or falling flux. Our analysis techniques also uncover new variability trends for several sources. The maser monitoring program is one of the first single-dish science initiatives at the Irbene radio telescope complex, initiated shortly after the instrument’s reconstruction and upgrades. Our findings unequivocally demonstrate its suitability for maser research purposes.
Interstellar complex organic molecules towards outflows from the G351.16+0.70 (NGC 6334 V) massive protostellar system
Authors: Rojas-García O S , Gómez-Ruiz A I , Palau A , Orozco-Aguilera M T , Kurtz S E , Chavez Dagostino M 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
G351.16+0.70 is a relatively well-studied high-mass star-forming region with at least two main bipolar outflow structures originating from an OB-embedded star and multiple IR sources. Using high-resolution and large-bandwidth SMA observations, we studied its molecular content to probe the emission of iCOMs, which could be related to the bipolar outflows or their jets. We analysed the emission spectra in the 1 mm band within 8 GHz bandwidth coverage, finding that the observed emission spectra could be explained by 11 iCOMs and 5 molecular isotopologues. Additionally, we analysed the unusually broad iCOM emission lines by using integrated and velocity field maps, searching for extended emission and velocity gradients related to molecular outflows. Ro-vibrational transitions of CH3OH and CH3OCHO present evidence of extended emission that does not fit with spherical morphology and that follows the extension of the low-velocity 13CO outflow. The multiple outflows in the system are revealed also by the CO (2–1) and SiO (5–4) emission, but in particular we have discovered an extremely high-velocity outflow (|VMax − VLSR| ∼ 60 km s−1). Finally, we provide the complete catalogue of iCOMs produced by the protostellar core within the 8 GHz bandwidth of our observations, along with a compilation of iCOM abundances studied in interferometric works from the literature and a comparison with single-dish results.
Solid-state atomic hydrogen as a broad-spectrum RONS scavenger for accelerated diabetic wound healing
Authors: Luo Man , Wang Qin , Zhao Gang , Jiang Wei , Zeng Cici , Zhang Qingao , Yang Ruyu , Dong Wang , Zhao Yunxi , Zhang Guozhen , Jiang Jun , Wang Yucai , Zhu Qing 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Hydrogen therapy shows great promise as a versatile treatment method for diseases associated with the overexpression of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). However, developing an advanced hydrogen therapy platform that integrates controllable hydrogen release, efficient RONS elimination, and biodegradability remains a giant technical challenge. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that the tungsten bronze phase H0.53WO3 (HWO) is an exceptionally ideal hydrogen carrier, with salient features including temperature-dependent highly-reductive atomic hydrogen release and broad-spectrum RONS scavenging capability distinct from that of molecular hydrogen. Moreover, its unique pH-responsive biodegradability ensures post-therapeutic clearance at pathological sites. Treatment with HWO of diabetic wounds in an animal model indicates that the solid-state atomic H promotes vascular formation by activating M2-type macrophage polarization and anti-inflammatory cytokine production, resulting in acceleration of chronic wound healing. Our findings significantly expand the basic categories of hydrogen therapeutic materials and pave the way for investigating more physical forms of hydrogen species as efficient RONS scavengers for clinical disease treatment.
Neuroimaging and neuroendocrine insights into food cravings and appetite interventions in obesity
Authors: Huang Jin , Wang Chen , Zhang Hang-Bin , Zheng Hui , Huang Tao , Di Jian-Zhong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article reviews the previous studies on the distinction between food cravings and appetite, and how they are regulated by hormones and reflected in brain activity. Based on existing research, food cravings are defined as individual preferences influenced by hormones and psychological factors, which differ from appetite, as they are not necessarily related to hunger or nutritional needs. The article also evaluates the neuroimaging findings about food cravings, and interventions to reduce food cravings, such as mindfulness training, alternative sweeteners, non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and imaginal retraining, and points out their advantages, disadvantages, and limitations. Furthermore, the article delves into the potential future directions in the field, emphasizing the need for a neuroendocrine perspective, considerations for associated psychiatric disorders, innovative clinical interventions, and emerging therapeutic frontiers in obesity management. The article outlines the neuro-endocrine basis of food cravings, including ghrelin, leptin, melanocortin, oxytocin, glucagon-like peptide-1, baclofen, and other hormones and their brain regions of action. The article argues that food cravings are an important target for obesity, and more research is needed to explore their complex characteristics and mechanisms, and how to effectively interact with their neuro-endocrine pathways. The article provides a new perspective and approach to the prevention and treatment of obesity.
Moving From Alteplase to Tenecteplase for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Koriesh Ahmed , Liu Michael , Brinjikji Waleed , Klaas James , Nasr Deena , Keser Zafer 
Published: October 2023

Objectives:
Tenecteplase is a fibrin-specific plasminogen activator that has shown promising results in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Tenecteplase has been suggested to reduce door-to-needle time and to increase the rate of spontaneous recanalization. In February 2021, Mayo Clinic Health System switched to Tenecteplase as the standard thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke.

Methods:
In this center-based observational cohort study, we present clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with tenecteplase between February 2021 and May 2022 compared with alteplase treatment between September 2019 and February 2021. We used descriptive and comparative statistics.

Results:
Baseline characteristics were comparable between the groups. The incidence of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage was significantly less among the tenecteplase group (0.65% vs. 5%, P=0.027). Both groups had a similar door-to-needle time [55 (IQR 30.5) vs. 57 (IQR 38) in the tissue plasminogen activator group, P=0.395]. Spontaneous partial or complete recanalization was more commonly observed in the tenecteplase group (10.4% vs. 1.4%, P=0.038). Mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion was deferred due to marked clinical improvement more commonly in tenecteplase (6.3% vs. 1.4%); however, this difference was not statistically significant. Ninety-day modified Rankin Scale did not show a significant difference between the groups.

Conclusion:
Tenecteplase use as the thrombolytic agent in acute ischemic stroke was associated with lower rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, higher rates of spontaneous recanalization, but similar door-to-needle time and 90-day modified Rankin Scale as compared with tissue plasminogen activator.
Limb-Shaking And Transient Ischemic Attack
Authors: Pitton Rissardo Jamir , Fornari Caprara Ana Letícia 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Limb-shaking is one of the transient ischemic attacks (TIA) ‘chameleons.’ This literature review aims to evaluate the clinical, epidemiological profile, pathologic mechanisms, and management of limb-shaking TIA.

Review Summary:
Relevant reports in Medline’s (PubMed) database were identified and assessed by 2 reviewers without language restriction from 1985 to 2022. A total of 82 reports containing 161 cases that developed limb-shaking TIA were reported. The mean and median age were 61.36 (SD: 15.29) and 62 years (range: 4–93 y). Most of the individuals affected were males (64.34%). Limb-shaking was reported as unilateral in 83.33% of the patients. Limb-shaking presented with other neurological deficits in 44.33% of the individuals, in which the most common concurrent neurological deficit was the weakness of at least 1 limb. A recurrence of the “shaking” phenomenon was observed in 83 individuals. A trigger of limb-shaking was reported in 69 cases, and the most common was changing body position. The internal carotid artery was the most frequent vessel involved in limb-shaking. A chronically occluded internal carotid artery was observed in 42 individuals. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity. The management was conservative in 42.30% of the cases. The most frequent misdiagnoses were seizures. A full recovery was achieved in 56.60% of the individuals.

Conclusions:
Limb-shaking TIA could be defined as involuntary, rhythmic, brief (<5 min), recurrent, jerky movement usually precipitated by activities that may reduce cerebral blood flow. The “shaking” phenomenon was primarily described as a manifestation of symptomatic complete internal carotid artery obstruction.
C9orf72 Repeat Expansion Initially Presenting as Late-Onset Bipolar Disorder With Psychosis
Authors: Gaynor Leslie S , Yadollahikhales Golnaz , Tsoy Elena , Hall Matthew , Boxer Adam L , Miller Bruce L. , Grinberg Lea T. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
C9orf72 expansion is the most common genetic abnormality in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Although psychiatric prodromes are common in C9orf72 expansion carriers, there are only scattered reported cases of primary psychiatric disorders, such as bipolar disorder, diagnosed at disease onset. Moreover, C9orf72 carrier status is rarely identified in bipolar disorder genetic studies.

Case Report:
A 51-year-old, right-handed woman with 16 years of education presented for evaluation of long-standing cognitive and behavioral change. She initially displayed symptoms of mania and florid, multimodal psychotic symptoms at age 39. Her bipolar disorder symptoms were initially responsive to medication; however, she later developed executive dysfunction and behavioral symptoms consistent with bvFTD. She became progressively nonverbal, and her limited speech was notable for speech apraxia. At the time of presentation, she demonstrated cortical sensory deficit, ideomotor and oral-buccal apraxia, and unstable gait. Neuroimaging revealed diffuse brain atrophy. Postmortem histopathological evaluation revealed frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions, type B, and genetic study identified C9orf72 expansion. A detailed review of family history found a strong paternal history of bipolar disorder and substance use disorder.

Conclusions:
We describe a rare case of C9orf72 expansion initially characterized by late-onset bipolar disorder and florid, multimodal psychotic symptoms, followed years later by bvFTD diagnosis. This report emphasizes the importance of completing a neurological examination, obtaining a detailed family history, and pursuing genetic screening to distinguish between primary psychiatric disorder and bvFTD in individuals who meet the criteria for late-onset bipolar disorder.