bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term associations between objective sleep quality and quantity and verbal memory performance in normal cognition and mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Skourti Eleni , Simos Panagiotis , Zampetakis Alexandros , Koutentaki Eirini , Zaganas Ioannis , Alexopoulou Christina , Vgontzas Alexandros , Basta Maria 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionAlthough the link between sleep and memory function is well established, associations between sleep macrostructure and memory function in normal cognition and Mild Cognitive Impairment remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations of baseline objectively assessed sleep quality and duration, as well as time in bed, with verbal memory capacity over a 7–9 year period. Participants are a well-characterized subsample of 148 persons (mean age at baseline: 72.8 ± 6.7 years) from the Cretan Aging Cohort. Based on comprehensive neuropsychiatric and neuropsychological evaluation at baseline, participants were diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI; n = 79) or found to be cognitively unimpaired (CNI; n = 69). Sleep quality/quantity was estimated from a 3-day consecutive actigraphy recording, whereas verbal memory capacity was examined using the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) and the Greek Passage Memory Test at baseline and follow-up. Panel models were applied to the data using AMOS including several sociodemographic and clinical covariates.ResultsSleep efficiency at baseline directly predicted subsequent memory performance in the total group (immediate passage recall: β = 0.266, p = 0.001; immediate word list recall: β = 0.172, p = 0.01; delayed passage retrieval: β = 0.214, p = 0.002) with the effects in Passage Memory reaching significance in both clinical groups. Wake after sleep onset time directly predicted follow-up immediate passage recall in the total sample (β = −0.211, p = 0.001) and in the MCI group (β = −0.235, p = 0.02). In the total sample, longer 24-h sleep duration was associated with reduced memory performance indirectly through increased sleep duration at follow-up (immediate passage recall: β = −0.045, p = 0.01; passage retention index: β = −0.051, p = 0.01; RAVLT-delayed recall: β = −0.048, p = 0.009; RAVLT-retention index:β = −0.066, p = 0.004). Similar indirect effects were found for baseline 24-h time in bed. Indirect effects of sleep duration/time in bed were found predominantly in the MCI group.DiscussionFindings corroborate and expand previous work suggesting that poor sleep quality and long sleep duration predict worse memory function in elderly. Timely interventions to improve sleep could help prevent or delay age-related memory decline among non-demented elderly.
Semantic segmentation of autonomous driving scenes based on multi-scale adaptive attention mechanism
Authors: Liu Danping , Zhang Dong , Wang Lei , Wang Jun 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionSemantic segmentation is a crucial visual representation learning task for autonomous driving systems, as it enables the perception of surrounding objects and road conditions to ensure safe and efficient navigation.MethodsIn this paper, we present a novel semantic segmentation approach for autonomous driving scenes using a Multi-Scale Adaptive Mechanism (MSAAM). The proposed method addresses the challenges associated with complex driving environments, including large-scale variations, occlusions, and diverse object appearances. Our MSAAM integrates multiple scale features and adaptively selects the most relevant features for precise segmentation. We introduce a novel attention module that incorporates spatial, channel-wise and scale-wise attention mechanisms to effectively enhance the discriminative power of features.ResultsThe experimental results of the model on key objectives in the Cityscapes dataset are: ClassAvg:81.13, mIoU:71.46. The experimental results on comprehensive evaluation metrics are: AUROC:98.79, AP:68.46, FPR95:5.72. The experimental results in terms of computational cost are: GFLOPs:2117.01, Infer. Time (ms):61.06. All experimental results data are superior to the comparative method model.DiscussionThe proposed method achieves superior performance compared to state-of-the-art techniques on several benchmark datasets demonstrating its efficacy in addressing the challenges of autonomous driving scene understanding.
Compliance with the EAT-Lancet diet and risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective cohort study in 98,415 American adults
Authors: Ren Xiaorui , Yu Chuanchuan , Peng Linglong , Gu Haitao , Xiao Yi , Tang Yunhao , He Hongmei , Xiang Ling , Wang Yaxu , Jiang Yahui 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundThe EAT-Lancet diet (ELD) is a recommended dietary pattern for achieving simultaneous improvements in both individual health and environmental sustainability. While research on the association between ELD and colorectal cancer (CRC) remains scarce, the potential impact of nutrition on CRC prevention and progression is a topic of growing interest. This study aims to investigate the relationship between adherence to the ELD and the risk of CRC, shedding light on the role of nutrition in CRC prevention.MethodsA total of 98,415 participants were included. A Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ) was used to collect dietary information, and an ELD score was used to assess adherence to ELD. Higher scores indicated greater adherence. Cox hazard regression analyses were conducted to examine whether there were associations between the ELD score and CRC risk. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) model was used to further explore the dose-response association between the ELD score and CRC incidence. Subgroup analyses were conducted to identify potential modifiers that interacted with ELD on CRC incidence, and sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the established association.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 8.82 years, a total of 1,054 CRC cases were documented. We found a statistically significant correlation between the ELD score and CRC risk (Q4 vs. Q1: HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.67–0.98; P for trend = 0.034) after adjusting for potential confounders. No statistically significant associations were discovered between ELD adherence and CRC by anatomical site. Subgroup analyses found no interactional factor, sensitivity analyses, and the RCS model showed a robustness and linearity association (P-linearity &gt;0.05).ConclusionWe concluded that adherence to ELD contributes to the prevention of CRC.
Association between dietary intakes of B vitamins and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Jiajie , Huang Jingda , Lv Yanqing , Ji Huifan 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly common globally, particularly among postmenopausal women. Diet plays a fundamental role in the treatment of NAFLD. However, clinical research on the dietary intakes of B vitamins, specifically in postmenopausal women, is scant. Hence, it is imperative to study the impact of B vitamin dietary intake in postmenopausal women.MethodsThis study utilized National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data for 668 postmenopausal women. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association of the intakes of B vitamins with hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis prevalence. The analysis accounted for various covariates and employed restricted cubic spline analysis to examine potential nonlinear relationships. Additionally, interactions among age, diabetes, and B-vitamin intakes, as well as the interaction between folate and vitamin B12 intake, were explored.ResultsHigher intakes of folate [0.30 (0.10–0.88)], choline [0.26 (0.07–0.95)], vitamin B1, and vitamin B2 were associated with a reduced risk of hepatic steatosis in postmenopausal women. The associations of niacin (P-nonlinear = 0.0003), vitamin B1 (P-nonlinear = 0.036), and vitamin B2 (P-nonlinear&lt;0.0001) intakes with hepatic steatosis showed a nonlinear pattern. However, no significant associations were observed between the intakes of niacin, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 and hepatic steatosis. Furthermore, there were no significant associations between B-vitamin intakes and liver fibrosis. No interaction effects were observed.ConclusionDietary intakes of folate, choline, vitamin B1, and vitamin B2 may be associated with liver steatosis in postmenopausal women, these results suggest that optimizing the intake of these specific B vitamins may have a protective effect against liver steatosis in postmenopausal women, offering valuable insights into potential dietary strategies to promote their well-being.
The effects of combination-therapy of tocilizumab and baricitinib on the management of severe COVID-19 cases: a randomized open-label clinical trial
Authors: Dastan Farzaneh , Jamaati Hamidreza , Barati Saghar , Varmazyar Shahrzad , Yousefian Sahar , Niknami Elmira , Tabarsi Payam 
Published: October 2023

Background: Tocilizumab and baricitinib are considered standard treatments for hospitalized COVID-19 patients with an inflammatory status. However, the effects of co-administering these medications aiming for more rapid patient recovery are controversial among practitioners. The potential benefits include the rapid improvement of patients and regulation of the immune system, and the potential risks include the increased chance of serious adverse events, including infections. This study aimed to investigate the effects of co-administering these two medications on the 28-day mortality rate, other efficacy parameters, and safety issues.Methods: In this randomized open-label trial, 68 patients were recruited. The study was conducted at Dr. Masih Daneshvari Hospital during 6 months (from 21 March 2022 to 23 August 2022). Severely ill patients aged between 18 and 100 years old with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled. The primary outcomes included the need for invasive mechanical ventilation and a 28-day mortality rate. Secondary outcomes included the need for non-invasive mechanical ventilation, the need for admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), the length of hospital stay, and the need for a second dose of tocilizumab. Safety assessments were also performed for 28 days. The data were collected from the patients’ medical records, which included age, gender, and comorbidities.Results: The 28-day mortality rate or the need for mechanical ventilation was not statistically different among the two groups (p-value = 0.49 for both outcomes). The need for non-invasive mechanical ventilation, the need for admission to the ICU, or the need for a second dose of tocilizumab and the length of hospital stay was not affected either (p-value = 1; 0.1; 0.49 and 0.9, respectively). One patient developed thrombosis in the combination group. No adverse events related to infectious complications were recorded in any groups.Conclusion: This study showed no beneficial effects of combining tocilizumab and baricitinib in managing severe COVID-19 cases. However, the need for ICU admission was meaningfully lower in the combination group. Studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these results.Clinical Trial Registration: Identifier: RCT20151227025726N30M
Cryptic invasion suggested by a cytogeographic analysis of the halophytic Puccinellia distans complex (Poaceae) in Central Europe
Authors: Kúr Pavel , Gregor Thomas , Jandová Michaela , Mesterházy Attila , Paule Juraj , Píšová Soňa , Šemberová Kristýna , Koutecký Petr , Ducháček Michal , Schneeweiss Gerald M. 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionDespite the wealth of studies dealing with the invasions of alien plants, invasions of alien genotypes of native species (cryptic invasions) have been vastly neglected. The impact of cryptic invasions on the biodiversity of plant communities can, however, be significant. Inland saline habitats and halophytes (i.e., salt-tolerant plant species) are especially threatened by this phenomenon as they inhabit fragmented remnants of largely destroyed habitats, but at the same time some of these halophytic species are rapidly spreading along salt-treated roads. To study potential cryptic invasion of halophytes, the patterns of genome size and ploidy variation in thePuccinellia distanscomplex (Poaceae), the most rapidly spreading roadside halophyte in Central Europe, were investigated.MethodsDNA flow cytometry with confirmatory chromosome counts were employed to assess ploidy levels of 1414 individuals from 133 populations of theP. distanscomplex. In addition, climatic niche modelling was used to predict the distributions of selected cytotypes.ResultsEight groups differing in ploidy level and/or genome size were discovered, one diploid (2x; 2n= 14), two tetraploid (4xA, 4xB; 2n= 28), one pentaploid (5x; 2n= 35), three hexaploid (6xA, 6xB, 6xC; 2n= 42), and one heptaploid (7x; 2n= 49). The hexaploids (mostly the 6xC cytotype) were widespread through the study area, spreading intensively in both anthropogenic and natural habitats and probably hybridizing with the natural habitat dwelling tetraploids. In contrast, the non-hexaploid cytotypes rarely spread and were predominantly confined to natural habitats.DiscussionThe extensive spread of the hexaploid cytotypes along roadsides has most likely facilitated their incursion into natural habitats. The colonization of new natural habitats by the hexaploids may pose a threat to the indigenousPuccinelliapopulations by compromising their genetic integrity and/or by outcompeting them.
A brief treatment for veterans with PTSD: an open-label case-series study
Authors: Kindt Merel , Soeter Marieke 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionDespite the positive outcomes observed in numerous individuals undergoing trauma-focused psychotherapy for PTSD, veterans with this condition experience notably diminished advantages from such therapeutic interventions in comparison to non-military populations.MethodsIn a preliminary study we investigated the efficacy of an innovative treatment approach in a small sample of veterans (n = 7). Recognizing that accessing and targeting trauma memory in veterans with PTSD may be more challenging compared to other patient populations, we employed unique and personalized retrieval cues that engaged multiple senses and were connected to the context of their trauma. This was followed by a session focused on memory reconsolidation, which incorporated both psychological techniques (i.e., imagery rescripting) and a pharmacological component (i.e., 40 mg of propranolol).ResultsThe findings from this small-scale case series cautiously indicate that this brief intervention, typically consisting of only one or two treatment sessions, shows promise in producing significant effects on symptoms of PTSD, distress and quality of life.This is particularly noteworthy given the complex symptomatology experienced by the veterans in this study.ConclusionTo summarize, there are grounds for optimism regarding this brief treatment of combat-related PTSD. It appears that the potential for positive outcomes is far greater than commonly believed, as demonstrated by the encouraging results of this pilot study.
Tenapanor Improves Long-Term Control of Hyperphosphatemia in Patients Receiving Maintenance Dialysis: the NORMALIZE Study
Authors: Silva Arnold L. , Chertow Glenn M. , Hernandez German T. , Lynn Robert I. , Tietjen David P. , Rosenbaum David P. , Yang Yang , Edelstein Susan 
Published: October 2023

Key Points

Tenapanor is a first-in-class, minimally systemic sodium–hydrogen exchanger 3 inhibitor with a mechanism of action distinct from phosphate binders.Tenapanor alone or with phosphate binders led to 35%–49% of patients achieving serum phosphate ≤4.5 mg/dl over an 18-month period versus 22% at baseline.Tenapanor alone or with phosphate binders may help adults with CKD on maintenance dialysis achieve normal serum phosphate concentrations.

Background
Most patients with ESKD and hyperphosphatemia have difficulty controlling serum phosphate (sP) concentrations despite maintenance dialysis, dietary restriction, and phosphate binder treatment. NORMALIZE evaluated the efficacy and safety of tenapanor 30 mg twice daily alone or in combination with phosphate binders to achieve sP within the adult population reference range (2.5–4.5 mg/dl).

Methods
Patients who completed the Phase 3 PHREEDOM study could enroll in NORMALIZE. Patients enrolled in NORMALIZE who had received tenapanor during the PHREEDOM study (n=111) added sevelamer carbonate if sP was >4.5 mg/dl. Patients who had received sevelamer carbonate during the PHREEDOM study (n=61) added tenapanor and decreased sevelamer carbonate if sP was ≤4.5 mg/dl, per protocol titration schedule. Patients were followed in NORMALIZE for up to 18 months. We assessed efficacy in the full analysis set, defined as patients who received ≥1 dose of study drug and had ≥1 post-treatment sP measurement (n=171). We assessed safety in all patients who received ≥1 dose of study drug (n=172).

Results
At the end point visit, 57 of 171 patients (33%) in the full analysis set achieved sP between 2.5 and 4.5 mg/dl. Eight of 23 patients (35%) who were on tenapanor alone at the end point visit achieved sP between 2.5 and 4.5 mg/dl. The mean reduction from PHREEDOM baseline to end of NORMALIZE in sP was 2.0 mg/dl. Serum intact fibroblast growth factor-23 was significantly reduced; serum intact parathyroid hormone was significantly reduced among patients with intact parathyroid hormone ≥300 pg/ml at PHREEDOM baseline. The most commonly reported treatment-emergent adverse event was diarrhea in 38 of 172 patients (22%), which led to tenapanor discontinuation in four patients (2%).

Conclusions
Tenapanor alone or in combination with phosphate binders helped adult patients on maintenance dialysis achieve normal sP concentrations. Safety was consistent with previous studies of tenapanor.

Clinical trial registry name and registration number
A Long-Term Study to Evaluate the Ability of Tenapanor Alone or in Combination With Sevelamer to Treat to Goal Serum Phosphorus in Patients With ESKD on Dialysis (NORMALIZE), NCT03988920.
An Examination of the Concept of Pancasila based on Hadith and the Prophet's Political Commitment
Authors: Rahman Rahman , Srg Syahruddin , Sawaluddin Sawaluddin , Puyu Darsul S. 
Published: October 2023

In recent years, many communities or social organizations have tried to replace Pancasila as the foundation of the State. Instead, they offer a State foundation with a religious label. The government responded quickly to the presence of these groups and even ended up disbanding and revoking their legal entity status. This paper seeks to provide an understanding of the relationship between Pancasila and Islam. This paper traces the normative and historical foundations of the concepts of the basic formulation of the State at the time of the Prophet. This paper uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through literature study. The results of this study indicate that there are at least two contexts that can prove that Pancasila has a relationship with Islam, namely: First, when the Prophet formulated the Medina Charter (Charter of Medina). Second, when the Prophet formulated the Hudaibiyah Agreement. The purpose of the formulation of the Medina Charter and the Hudaibiyah Agreement is the same as the purpose and formulation of Pancasila in Indonesia. In addition, the substance of Pancasila is the same as the substance of the Medina Charter and the Hudaibiyah Agreement, namely guaranteeing the social, political, religious, and cultural rights of the community for the unity and integrity of the people. In addition, the values contained in Pancasila are the values taught by Islam, so rejecting Pancasila as the State foundation is the same as rejecting the teachings of Islam. The results of this study contribute to providing an understanding of the relationship between Pancasila and Islam.
Economicidade e sustentabilidade influenciam a intenção de compra dos consumidores de café
Authors: Soares Camila Aparecida Lessa , Ferreira Marco Aurélio Marques , Della Lucia Suzana Maria , Minim Valéria Paula Rodrigues 
Published: October 2023

Compreender as preferências e o comportamento do consumidor oferece a possibilidade de entender a aceitação ou rejeição de determinados produtos e de incentivar a criação de “marketing sensorial”. Para analisar as hipóteses do estudo de que as características não sensoriais possibilitam a criação de fatores que influenciam a intenção de compra, e de que os consumidores podem ser agrupados em razão dos atributos avaliados no momento da compra, os dados foram submetidos a um estudo exploratório e analisados pela técnica multivariada. Utilizou-se a análise fatorial, para determinar quais atributos são importantes para a decisão de compra de café, e a análise de agrupamento, para definir os grupos dos consumidores da bebida. Participaram do estudo 841 consumidores de café, que responderam a um questionário online. Dois fatores influenciam a decisão de compra, economicidade e sustentabilidade, o que resultou em quatro grupos de consumidores. A segmentação do mercado de café, com base nos atributos importantes no momento da compra, segue uma tendência nacional, pela qual os consumidores que buscam marca, preço e qualidade do produto mostram que estão preocupados com o meio ambiente.
Fatores sociodemográficos associados à alteração do consumo de café como bebida durante a pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil
Authors: Soares Camila Aparecida Lessa , Crepalde Ludmylla Tamara , Ferreira Marco Aurélio Marques , Della Lucia Suzana Maria , Minim Valéria Paula Rodrigues 
Published: October 2023

O Brasil é o maior produtor e exportador de café e o segundo maior consumidor da bebida no mundo. A pandemia da COVID-19 alterou o consumo dos alimentos, entre os quais o café. O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender o consumo de café como bebida (independentemente da forma de preparo) pelos brasileiros, durante a pandemia, e contribuir com o levantamento de características sociais que influenciaram o comportamento dos consumidores naquele período. Realizou-se uma pesquisa online com 841 respondentes, no período de março a agosto de 2022. Foi possível verificar que a pandemia da COVID-19 desencadeou uma alteração de comportamento e, consequentemente, do consumo de café. Encontraram-se efeitos significativos das variáveis idade, região e escolaridade sobre o consumo da bebida na pandemia (p<0,05). Para que a indústria cafeeira e os produtores rurais possam gerar estratégias de marketing, observou-se que é necessário compreender que o aumento do consumo de café como bebida está associado a fatores sociais e vai além dos atributos sensoriais. Como resultado desta pesquisa, um perfil de consumidor foi levantado, o qual pode vir a contribuir para o direcionamento das estratégias de marketing.
Analisis Pengelolaan Perpustakaan Sekolah Dasar Se-Kecamatan Bojonggambir
Authors: Askal Kheldiana Faisal , Sunanih Sunanih , Permana Rahmat 
Published: October 2023

Rendahnya minat gemar membaca adalah salah satu faktor dilaksanannya peneltian ini. Dengan demikian, tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menguji analisis pengelolaan perpustakaan sekolah dasar se-kecamatan Bojonggambir dengan media koesioner dan wawancara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kualitatif, dengan jenis pendekatan studi kasus. Peneliti melakukan penelitian di SDN Se-kecamatan Bojonggambir dengan menggunakan sample 4 Gugus yang terdiri dari 16 sekolah. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, instrumen penelitian, pengembangan instrumen penelitian. Sementara itu, untuk teknik analisis data dengan cara Reduksi data, Penyajian Data dan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka pengelolaan perpustakaan Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan Bojonggambir dapat dikatakan belum optimal dalam pengelolaan, masih bergantung kepada bantuan pemerintah, dan juga tidak terintegrasinya dengan aktivitas kurikulum merdeka belajar.