bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of mixing of europium oxide in resin composites on the fluorescence characteristics and mechanical properties
Authors: Utsumi Yuta , Oishi Masatsugu , Yonekura Kazuhide , Ikeda Masaomi , Matsuki Yusuke , Ohge Kenichiro , Iuchi Tomoki , Hosaka Keiichi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study is to disperse europium oxide (Eu2O3) in a resin composite (RC) using a planetary centrifugal mixer and assess its effects on photoluminescence and mechanical properties.

Materials and methods
A commercially available RC was mixed with Eu2O3 at various concentrations using a planetary centrifugal mixer. The fabricated samples were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and a spectrofluorometer to assess their crystal structures, particle sizes, and photoluminescence properties. Vickers microhardness measurements were performed, along with a three-point bending test. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the mechanical properties.

Results
The intensity of red fluorescence increased with the increase of europium oxide concentration. The fluorescence spectra at 613 and 620 nm exhibited higher intensities under excitation at 254 nm. Eu2O3 was dispersed in RC regardless of the Eu2O3 concentration, and no aggregation was observed. Regarding the mechanical properties, there were no significant differences in the flexural strength or modulus, and the Vickers hardness gradually increased with increasing Eu2O3 concentration.

Conclusion
To mix Eu2O3 with RC, visible fluorescence emission was observed even with increasing the Eu2O3 concentration, and the mechanical properties of RC were unaffected. Based on our study, a 15 wt% concentration of Eu₂O₃ is the appropriate concentration, as it achieves strong fluorescence emission without compromising the mechanical properties or color tone of the RC.
Mechanisms and therapeutic potential of the hedgehog signaling pathway in cancer
Authors: Cong Ge , Zhu Xingyu , Chen Xin Ru , Chen Hao , Chong Wei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A sort of major malignant disease, cancer can compromise human health wherever. Some mechanisms of the occurrence and evolution of cancer still seem elusive even now. Consequently, the therapeutic strategies for cancer must continually evolve. The hedgehog signaling pathway, a critical mediator in the normal development of numerous organs and the pathogenesis of cancer, is typically quiescent but is aberrantly activated in several malignancies. Extensive research has delineated that the aberrant activity of the hedgehog signaling pathway, whether autocrine or paracrine, is implicated in the initiation and progression of various neoplasms, including medulloblastoma (MB), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and so on. Thus, notably Smo inhibitors, the opening of inhibitors of the hedgehog signaling pathway has become a topic of research attention. This review aims to summarize four aberrant activation pathways and the influence of hedgehog signaling pathway associated chemicals on tumor formation and development. Additionally, it will explore the therapeutic potential of targeted interventions in the hedgehog signaling pathway for cancer treatment.
The role of the social worker in the assessment and management of adults receiving Home Parenteral Nutrition
Authors: Carey Sharon , Brown Shannyn , Ferrie Suzie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
People diagnosed with Intestinal Failure (IF) requiring Home Parenteral Nutrition (HPN) have complex medical and nutritional requirements. To date, assessment for, and ongoing management of, HPN has relied on medical, nursing and dietetic input. However, success in assessing suitability for HPN and ongoing management is often reliant on non-medical factors. This paper aims to outline the critical clinical role the social worker can play and their scope of practice in assessing and managing people requiring HPN. This includes assessment across medical, psychosocial, financial, legal, quality-of-life and healthcare-related domains. This perspective paper highlights the vast scope in which the social worker can support people diagnosed with IF requiring HPN. More research is required to quantify the value of the social worker as a key member of the multidisciplinary IF team.
Optical widefield nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy
Authors: Briegel Karl D. , von Grafenstein Nick R. , Draeger Julia C. , Blümler Peter , Allert Robin D. , Bucher Dominik B. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Microscopy enables detailed visualization and understanding of minute structures or processes. While cameras have significantly advanced optical, infrared, and electron microscopy, imaging nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals on a camera has remained elusive. Here, we employ nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond as a quantum sensor, which converts NMR signals into optical signals that are subsequently captured by a high-speed camera. Unlike traditional magnetic resonance imaging, our method records the NMR signal over a wide field of view in real space. We demonstrate that our optical widefield NMR microscopy can image NMR signals in microfluidic structures with a ~10 μm resolution across a ~235 × 150 μm2 area. Crucially, each camera pixel records an NMR spectrum providing multicomponent information about the signal’s amplitude, phase, local magnetic field strengths, and gradients. The fusion of optical microscopy and NMR techniques enables multifaceted imaging applications in the physical and life sciences.
Anti-Ebola virus mAb 3A6 protects highly viremic animals from fatal outcome via binding GP(1,2) in a position elevated from the virion membrane
Authors: Hastie Kathryn M. , Salie Zhe Li , Ke Zunlong , Halfmann Peter J. , DeWald Lisa Evans , McArdle Sara , Grinyó Ariadna , Davidson Edgar , Schendel Sharon L. , Hariharan Chitra , Norris Michael J. , Yu Xiaoying , Chennareddy Chakravarthy , Xiong Xiaoli , Heinrich Megan , Holbrook Michael R. , Doranz Benjamin , Crozier Ian , Kawaoka Yoshihiro , Branco Luis M. , Kuhn Jens H. , Briggs John A. G. , Worwa Gabriella , Davis Carl W. , Ahmed Rafi , Saphire Erica Ollmann 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Ebola virus (EBOV) glycoprotein (GP1,2) are the standard of care for Ebola virus disease (EVD). Anti-GP1,2 mAbs targeting the stalk and membrane proximal external region (MPER) potently neutralize EBOV in vitro and are protective in a mouse model of EVD. However, their neutralization mechanism is poorly understood because they target a GP1,2 epitope that has evaded structural characterization. Using X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron tomography of mAb 3A6 complexed with its stalk–MPER epitope, we reveal a previously undescribed mechanism in which 3A6 binds to a conformation of GP1,2 that is lifted from the virion membrane. We further show that in both domestic guinea pig and rhesus monkey EVD models, 3A6 provides therapeutic benefit at high-viremia advanced disease stages and at the lowest dose yet demonstrated for any anti-EBOV mAb-based monotherapy. The findings reported here can guide design of next-generation highly potent anti-EBOV therapeutics and vaccines.
RF communication between dual band implantable and on body antennas for biotelemetry application
Authors: Kamel Yara A. , Mohamed Hesham A. , ELsadek Hala , ELhennawy Hadia M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper investigates two antennas for implantable communication, which are a wide-band, low-profile transmitting antenna with a circular polarization (CP) merit immersed in a lossy medium and a corresponding wide-band, low-profile receiving antenna with a linear polarization (LP) merit placed on human tissue. The first antenna is implantable inside a human body for sensing, monitoring, and transmitting various vital signs, while the second antenna acts as a nearby receiving end. These antennas work in the 2.4-2.4835 GHz and 5.725-5.875 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands. The main features of the designed transmitting antenna are its simplicity, the wide-band characteristics, which preserve the detuning effect caused by environmental heterogeneity, and the CP property at both operational ISM bands. Moreover, for introducing an electrically small antenna footprint with proper performance, the implantable antenna is designed with an entire size of 25.4 (5
$$\times$$
5
$$\times$$
1.016)
$$\hbox {mm}^3$$
. This antenna is designed and dissected in a homogeneous skin model (HSM) as well as a three-layer phantom. On the other hand, the wide-band receiving antenna is designed on flexible material for patients’ comfort with a compact size of 134.6 (
$$20\times 26.5\times 0.254$$
)
$$\hbox {mm}^3$$
. In addition, the implantable antenna performance is evaluated in a chicken slab as well as a saline solution, while the on-body antenna is placed on the chicken slab to measure its reflection coefficient. The measured impedance BWs of the implantable antenna are 13.04 % and 33.2 % in the chicken slab while 19.5% and 25.2 % in the saline solution at the two ISM bands, respectively. While, the measured impedance BWs of the on-body antenna are 24% and 50.4 % at two operating ISM frequencies. Finally, the measured transmission coefficient between the two antennas is evaluated.
Evaluating experimentally the viability of employing hybrid nanofluids as an operating fluid in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger
Authors: Hassaan Amr M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The use of hybrid nanofluids (HNF) in heat transfer applications has become the subject of studies during recent periods. Its ability to transfer heat is superior to single nanofluids, and this has been proven in many research. Shell and tube heat exchanger is one of the most common types and are therefore always under research to improve their performance. This study is a practical study that examines the effectiveness of HNF in their use as operating fluids in shell-and-tube heat exchangers instead of traditional operating fluids. A laboratory heat exchanger was used to complete this study. A group of HNF (MWCNTs- Al2O3/water) was synthesized at different concentration rates ranging from 0.4 to 2%. Tests were conducted for Reynolds values in the range from 2500 to 12,560. By measuring the variables in the tests and calculating some factors the results showed that, in comparison between the use of HNF and distilled water, it was found that there is an increase in the value of the Nusselt number for the HNF over the distilled water in a range of 10- 28.5%. The effectiveness increased when using the HNF by up to 22.7% compared to distilled water. Through experiments, an equation was deduced to calculate the value of the Nusselt number. There is good agreement between the results of this research and previous literature.
Dielectric function and thermo-optic coefficients of silicon-doped GaN substrates at elevated temperature from 298 K to 873 K in the UV-Vis-NIR spectrum
Authors: Bian Subiao , Chen Xi , Cui Changcai 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Understanding the thermal influence on gallium nitride (GaN) single crystal substrates is critical for the advancement of GaN-based optoelectronic devices. In this study, we comprehensively characterized the thermal effects on the optical properties of silicon-doped GaN substrates using spectroscopic ellipsometry over a broad wavelength range from 250 nm to 1600 nm. The dielectric function of GaN was determined at temperatures ranging from 298 K to 873 K, demonstrating consistent temperature-dependent behavior. The exciton transitions were precisely characterized and modeled using the empirical Varshni expression. Moreover, we report, for the first time, the thermo-optic coefficients across the wide spectrum, parameterized using a Sellmeier model. This work significantly expand the GaN optical properties database beyond thin films and provide essential insights for the design and optimization of next-generation GaN-based optoelectronic devices.
Exploring biomarkers and molecular mechanisms of Type 2 diabetes mellitus promotes colorectal cancer progression based on transcriptomics
Authors: Luo Simin , Zhu Yuhong , Guo Zhanli , Zheng Chuan , Fu Xi , You Fengming , Li Xueke 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been confirmed as an independent risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) in many studies. However, the mechanisms behind T2DM’s role in the progression of CRC remain unclear. This study aims to explore the potential biomarkers and molecular mechanisms involved in T2DM-promoted CRC progression. The limma package was used to identify differentially expressed genes in tumor tissue from CRC patients with or without T2DM. The key biological processes were screened by gene ontology and gene set enrichment analysis. A diagnostic model for co-morbidities was constructed by logistic regression model with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regularization method. The diagnostic performance was assessed by supplementing external datasets to draw ROC curves on the diagnostic model. The diagnostic model was further screened for key genes by prognostic analysis. The relationship of key genes with immune cells and other cells was evaluated by immune infiltration algorithm and single-cell transcription analysis. Drug prediction was performed by cMAP and the obtained drugs were molecularly docked with the key genes. The differentially expressed genes of T2DM-promoted CRC progression were mainly enriched to O-linked glycosylation-related processes. The diagnostic model constructed based on Lasso logistic regression had good diagnostic performance (AUC > 0.8). COX11 was the key gene for co-morbidities: in tumor tissues, COX11 expression was significantly higher than that in normal colon tissues. However, COX11 gene expression was significantly lower in patients with comorbidities than in patients without T2DM in tumor tissue. External datasets confirmed from both mRNA and protein expression levels that low COX11 expression was significantly associated with poor CRC prognosis. Immune infiltration analysis suggested that its expression related to the proportion of M2 macrophages. Single-cell transcriptome analysis revealed a close association of COX11 expression with endothelial cells and macrophages. The top4 drugs predicted bound well to COX11. Our study revealed that the pathogenesis of T2DM-promoted CRC progression related to O-linked glycosylation. We constructed a diagnostic model for T2DM-CRC co-morbidity. Meanwhile, we identified COX11 as a potential immune-related molecular marker closely associated with T2DM-promoted CRC progression. These mechanisms and molecular markers may provide new ideas for further studies of T2DM-promoted CRC progression and contribute to drug discovery for the treatment of co-morbidities.
Type-2 innate signals are dispensable for skeletal muscle regeneration and pathology linked to Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Messing Melina , Theret Marine , Hughes Michael R , Wu Jiaqi , Syed Omar Husain , Li Fang Fang , Li Yicong , Rossi Fabio M V , McNagny Kelly M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Immune responses play an integral role in skeletal muscle regeneration. In the genetically inherited muscle disease Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), muscle regeneration is disrupted, leading to chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and early mortality. Previously, it has been suggested that type-2 innate immune cells, particularly eosinophils and their production of IL-4, play an essential role in effective muscle regeneration after acute injury. We here re-investigate the role of eosinophils in skeletal muscle repair using mice deficient in eosinophils (ΔdblGATA), or deficient in IL-4R/IL-13R signaling through STAT6 (Stat6−/−). We show that neither deficiency has an impact on skeletal muscle regeneration in response to acute injury as quantified by fiber size, immune cell infiltration, or muscle-resident stem cell proliferation. We also investigate the role of STAT6 signaling in mdx:Stat6−/− mice, a model of DMD and, again, find that ablation of STAT6 signaling has no effect on the rate or severity of fibrotic scar formation or disease progression. In contrast to previous models, our data suggest a negligible role for eosinophils and STAT6 signaling in skeletal muscle regeneration after acute or chronic injury.
Non-linear dynamics in ECG: a novel approach for robust classification of cardiovascular disorders
Authors: Kumar Behera Suraj , Bhattacharya Debanjali , Aithal Ninad , Sinha Neelam 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Detecting cardiac disorders from multi-channel ECG has significant implications for cardiac care. Current methods face challenges due to ECG waveform variations by electrode placement, high signal non-linearity, and low millivolt amplitudes. The present study introduces a non-linear analysis approach leveraging Recurrence plot visualizations as the patterned occurrence of well-defined structures, such as the QRS complex, can be exploited effectively using Recurrence plots. Using the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt dataset from PhysioNet, we examined four cardiac disorder classes- Myocardial infarction, Bundle branch blocks, Cardiomyopathy, Dysrhythmia, and healthy controls, achieving an impressive classification accuracy of 100%. Wilcoxon rank-sum test is performed at 95% C.I. on Recurrence Quantitative Analysis (RQA) features, identifying five features with statistically significant differences across pairs of study groups. Additionally, t-SNE visualizations of latent space embeddings derived from Recurrence plots and RQA features reveal clear separation among cardiac disorders and healthy subjects, underscoring the efficacy of the proposed approach.
Optimizing bus charging infrastructure by incorporating private car charging demands and uncertain solar photovoltaic generation
Authors: Ma Xiaolei , Ma Wenxin , Tao Yanmeng , Gao Kun , Liu Xiaohan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Integrating solar photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage (BES) into bus charging infrastructure offers a feasible solution to the challenge of carbon emissions and grid burdens. The deployment costs and uncertain power outputs of solar PV and BES need to be considered by public transportation agencies. This study presents a data-driven approach to optimize bus charging infrastructure and incorporates sharing charging and uncertain solar PV generation using the Latin Hypercube Sampling method. A case study in Yinchuan, China, reveals that integrating solar PV and BES at a single bus depot reduces total costs by 37.35%, carbon emissions by 41.46%, and grid loads by 49.35% over the 10-year lifetime of BES. Sharing this infrastructure with private cars offers further economic benefits. Global analysis shows this approach’s varying economic and environmental advantages. The proposed model offers practical implications for developing cost-effective and environmentally friendly electric bus charging infrastructure to advance sustainable transport.
Current and future state of evaluation of large language models for medical summarization tasks
Authors: Croxford Emma , Gao Yanjun , Pellegrino Nicholas , Wong Karen , Wills Graham , First Elliot , Liao Frank , Goswami Cherodeep , Patterson Brian , Afshar Majid 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Large Language Models have expanded the potential for clinical Natural Language Generation (NLG), presenting new opportunities to manage the vast amounts of medical text. However, their use in such high-stakes environments necessitate robust evaluation workflows. In this review, we investigated the current landscape of evaluation metrics for NLG in healthcare and proposed a future direction to address the resource constraints of expert human evaluation while balancing alignment with human judgments.
An Examination of an Online, Asynchronous Social Justice Program With Undergraduate Communication Sciences and Disorders Students
Authors: Bellon-Harn Monica L. , Morris Lekeitha R. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
The study aimed to determine whether an online asynchronous program can positively influence undergraduate communication sciences and disorders students' attitudes, beliefs, and actions toward advancing social justice.

Method:
The study employed a mixed-method design. Participants included 18 undergraduate students from two state universities and one private university, with 14 completing the program. Participants completed the program over 12 weeks via the CANVAS platform. Quantitative data were collected using the Social Justice Scale (SJS), which assesses attitudes, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, and intentions to act toward social justice. Wilcoxon matched-pair signed-ranks tests were used to analyze pre- and postprogram SJS scores. Qualitative data were gathered from students' responses to discussion prompts within the program, and thematic analysis was conducted to identify emerging views of social justice.

Results:
A significant difference with a large effect size was observed for the Subjective Norms subscale. Item analysis indicated a significant difference in one of four subscale items (i.e., “Other people around me are engaged in activities that address social injustices”). Qualitative analysis revealed three themes: (a) importance of social identity, equity, justice; (b) spark of action; and (c) we are all in it together.

Conclusions:
The Social Justice program shows promise in enhancing students' recognition of how professionals in their environment play a role in social justice activity and in sparking a commitment to action among some participants. However, program modifications are needed to increase students' action orientation to social justice.
Decentralized management of unbalanced multi‐agent distribution systems: A transactive approach leveraging ADMM framework
Authors: Fattaheian‐Dehkordi Sajjad , Aghaei Jamshid , Amjady Nima 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe emergence of multi‐agent systems and significant integration of distributed energy sources (DESs) are transforming distribution networks. This necessitates a decentralized management strategy for unbalanced operation in multi‐agent distribution systems (MADSs) due to the autonomous nature and potential for unbalanced injection of single‐phase DESs. Accordingly, this paper proposes a novel approach for decentralized management of unbalanced operation in MADSs. The approach leverages a customized alternating direction method of multipliers to facilitate decentralized decision‐making, while incorporating transactive energy signals aligned with the alternating direction method of multiplier framework to enable independent agent operation. In this scheme, independent agents would optimize their operating costs considering the announced transactive signals, which model the power prices and power loss in the grid. The decentralized structure enables agents to apply stochastic and condition value at risk methods to address the uncertainty and associated risk in scheduling resources. Furthermore, without violating the privacy concerns of agents, the developed transactive‐based scheme facilitates minimizing the asymmetrical condition, caused by the unbalanced integration of DESs, in the power request at the connection point of MADSs and transmission networks. Finally, the proposed methodology is simulated on 37‐bus and 123‐bus test‐systems to study its effectiveness in managing the MADSs with unbalanced integration of DESs.