bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of clinical outcomes of a cationic emulsion tear substitute in patients with dry eye disease
Authors: Labetoulle Marc , Garhöfer Gerhard , Ismail Dahlia , Garrigue Jean‐Sébastien , Amrane Mourad , Guillon Michel , Aragona Pasquale , Baudouin Christophe 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFirst‐line options for the treatment of dry eye disease (DED) rely on artificial tears (ATs), among which cationic emulsion (CE)‐based ATs have been developed in order to mimic the healthy tear film for an improved restoration of the ocular surface homeostasis. In this review, we describe the outcomes reported in several studies, assessing the mode of action, ocular tolerance and clinical performance of a CE‐based AT. Pilot studies have revealed that CE‐based ATs can increase the volume and stability of the tear film while limiting its evaporation rate. Larger studies have demonstrated that CE‐based ATs play a significant role in the improvement of both objective and subjective DED parameters, including superior efficacy on DED symptoms compared to several other available AT formulation types. Concomitantly, CE‐based ATs have been shown to help patients to prevent or recover from corneal defects associated with refractive surgery. These positive outcomes on ocular surface epithelia are likely due to the combination of unique rheological behaviour and intrinsic anti‐inflammatory properties. Based on all clinical findings, CE‐based ATs represent a valuable treatment option for patients with various etiologies of DED including evaporative forms and would deserve evaluation of benefits in other surgical intervention types triggering DED.
Teachers reported that children with special health care needs displayed more attention problems
Authors: Schlecht Jennifer , Hammerle Florian , König Jochem , Kuhle Stefan , Urschitz Michael S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimChildren with special health care needs (SHCN) perform more poorly at school compared to their classmates. Specific causal pathways have not yet been extensively studied. Therefore, we investigated teacher‐rated global attention, an important prerequisite for educational attainment, in children with SHCN.MethodsData of a population‐based prospective cohort study, which recruited preschool children from the Mainz‐Bingen area, Germany, were analysed. Children with SHCN were identified by the Children with Special Health Care Needs screening tool. In 2016, global attention was reported by teachers at the end of first grade (mean age: 7.3 years) on a 5‐point rating scale ranging from −2 through +2. Associations between SHCN consequences and teacher‐rated attention were estimated by linear mixed models, adjusted for confounding variables.ResultsWe included 1921 children (51% males); of these, 14% had SHCN. Compared to their classmates, children with SHCN had poorer teacher‐rated attention scores (adjusted mean difference: −0.35, 95% CI: −0.52 to −0.17). The effect was strongest among children with treatment or counselling for mental health problems or functional limitations. The effect remained after excluding children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder from the analysis.ConclusionChildren with SHCN showed more teacher‐rated attention problems, which could explain their lower educational attainment.
A tale of 2 digital hospitals: A qualitative study of antimicrobial stewardship teams
Authors: Van Dort Bethany A. , Ritchie Angus , Penm Jonathan , Gray Timothy J. , Ronnachit Amrita , Baysari Melissa T. 
Published: January 2024

AimsWe aim to examine and understand the work processes of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) teams across 2 hospitals that use the same digital intervention, and to identify the barriers and enablers to effective AMS in each setting.MethodsEmploying a contextual inquiry approach informed by the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) model, observations and semistructured interviews were conducted with AMS team members (n = 15) in 2 Australian hospitals. Qualitative data analysis was conducted, mapping themes to the SEIPS framework.ResultsBoth hospitals utilized similar systems, however, they displayed variations in AMS processes, particularly in postprescription review, interdepartmental AMS meetings and the utilization of digital tools. An antimicrobial dashboard was available at both hospitals but was utilized more at the hospital where the AMS team members were involved in the dashboard's development, and there were user champions. At the hospital where the dashboard was utilized less, participants were unaware of key features, and interoperability issues were observed. Establishing strong relationships between the AMS team and prescribers emerged as key to effective AMS at both hospitals. However, organizational and cultural differences were found, with 1 hospital reporting insufficient support from executive leadership, increased prescriber autonomy and resource constraints.ConclusionOrganizational and cultural elements, such as executive support, resource allocation and interdepartmental relationships, played a crucial role in achieving AMS goals. System interoperability and user champions further promoted the adoption of digital tools, potentially improving AMS outcomes through increased user engagement and acceptance.
Subsequent therapy and outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma experiencing disease progression after quadruplet combinations
Authors: Ravi Gayathri , Bal Susan , Joiner Laura , Giri Smit , Sentell Melissa , Hill Tiffany , Godby Kelly N. , Costa Luciano J. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThe combination of anti‐CD38 monoclonal antibodies to a proteasome inhibitor, an immunomodulatory agent and dexamethasone (quadruplet—QUAD) in sequence with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) leads to deep and durable responses in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). Disease progression in the first year post‐QUADs is uncommon. We analysed 274 consecutive NDMM patients treated with QUADs + ASCT. After a median follow‐up of 21.3 months, 20 patients had disease progression <18 months and 21 had progression ≥18 months after the onset of a QUAD regimen. All patients received subsequent anti‐MM therapy, and 38 were evaluated for response. Nine (22.0%) received T‐cell redirecting therapy as the next treatment, and 21 (51.2%) at some point in the treatment course. Response to next therapy was 26.3% for patients with progression <18 months and 52.6% for those with progression ≥18 months after the onset of a QUAD regimen. Median PFS on the next therapy was 2.5 months (95% CI 1.5–3.4) for those with progression <18 months and 7.0 months (95% CI 3.6–10.5) for those with progression ≥18 months. Efforts should focus on the early deployment of therapies with new mechanism of action for patients experiencing treatment failure after QUADs.
Quantitative computed tomography analysis of body composition changes in paediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Suwannaying Kunanya , Ong Adrian A. , Dhaduk Rikeenkumar , Pei Deqing , Iijima Mayuko , Merkle Eric , Zhuang Tony Z. , Goodenough Chelsea G. , Brown Joren , Browne Emily K. , Wolcott Bruce , Cheng Cheng , Wilson Carmen L. , Pui Ching‐Hon , Ness Kirsten K. , Kaste Sue C. , Inaba Hiroto 
Published: January 2024

SummaryChildren with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) are at risk for obesity and cardiometabolic diseases. To gain insight into body composition changes among children with ALL, we assessed quantitative computed tomography (QCT) data for specific body compartments (subcutaneous adipose tissue [SAT], visceral adipose tissue [VAT], total adipose tissue [TAT], lean tissue [LT], LT/TAT and VAT/SAT at lumbar vertebrae L1 and L2) at diagnosis and at off‐therapy for 189 children with ALL and evaluated associations between body mass index (BMI) Z‐score and clinical characteristics. BMI Z‐score correlated positively with SAT, VAT and TAT and negatively with LT/TAT and VAT/SAT. At off‐therapy, BMI Z‐score, SAT, VAT and TAT values were higher than at diagnosis, but LT, LT/TAT and VAT/SAT were lower. Patients aged ≥10 years at diagnosis had higher SAT, VAT and TAT and lower LT and LT/TAT than patients aged 2.0–9.9 years. Female patients had lower LT and LT/TAT than male patients. Black patients had less VAT than White patients. QCT analysis showed increases in adipose tissue and decreases in LT during ALL therapy when BMI Z‐scores increased. Early dietary and physical therapy interventions should be considered, particularly for patients at risk for obesity.
Children's information‐search strategies: Operationalizing efficiency and effectiveness
Authors: Török Georgina , Stanciu Oana , Ruggeri Azzurra 
Published: January 2024

AbstractResearch on the development of active learning and information search behaviors has been growing rapidly, drawing interest from multiple disciplines, from developmental psychology to cognitive science and artificial intelligence. These different perspectives can open pathways to understanding how preschool‐age children grow into adaptive and efficient active learners. However, the lack of a shared vocabulary, operationalizations, and research paradigms has led to limited cross‐talk and some conflicting findings. In this article, we advocate for using a shared operationalization of a “good” information‐search strategy, as a function of its efficiency and effectiveness within a given ecology, based on the information‐theoretic measure of expected information gain and observed behavioral outcomes, respectively. We also discuss factors that should be considered when designing experiments that examine children's information‐search competence, specifically, using formal models as performance benchmarks and accounting for children's prior knowledge, assumptions, and self‐generated goals.
Effects of WuZhi preparations on tacrolimus in pediatric and adult patients carrying the CYP3A5*1 allele of heart transplant during the early period after transplantation
Authors: Liu Li , Zhou Ying , Huang Xiao , Chen Hefen , Gong Zhujun , Zhang Jing , Zeng Fang , Zhou Hong , Zhang Yu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimWuzhi preparations (WZP) are commonly administrated with tacrolimus (TAC) in China to improve the liver function and increase the exposure of TAC. This study aims to investigate the effects of WZP on TAC in pediatric heart transplantation (HTx) patients carrying the CYP3A5*1 allele during the early period after transplantation and also make a comparison with these effects in adult recipients.MethodsA total of 81 recipients with CYP3A5*1 allele were included and divided into the pediatric group (n = 29) and adult group (n = 52). The changes in TAC dose‐corrected trough blood concentrations (C0/D), dose requirement as well as intra‐patient variability(IPV) of C0/D after co‐therapy with WZP were evaluated.ResultsThe TAC C0/D was significantly increased 1.7 and 1.8 times after co‐administration of WZP in the pediatric and adult groups, respectively. We further analyzed the pediatric patients, found that no statistical difference was observed in TAC C0/D before and after co‐therapy with WZP in children <6 years old. The changes of C0/D increased with the dose of the active ingredient (Schisantherin A) in adult patients, but not in pediatric patients. TAC IPV was reduced by 10.5% in pediatric patients and 4.8% in adult patients when co‐administrated with WZP. Furthermore, after taking WZP, the AST and TB were dramatically lowered in pediatric recipients.ConclusionOur study is the first attempt to demonstrate the effects of WZP on TAC in pediatric HTx recipients. By comparing these effects to those observed in adult recipients, valuable insights can be gained regarding the efficacy and potential benefits of WZP in the pediatric population.
Intensified parenthood: A qualitative study exploring parents' gendered positions in the care of child‐onset diabetes
Authors: Madsen Mie , Campbell Maria Athena , Grabowski Dan , Johannesen Jesper , Jespersen Louise Norman 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study explores how parents experience and manage the care and challenges in the period shortly after their child is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, while placing an analytical focus on gendered dynamics between parents.BackgroundStudies have shown that parents' involvement in managing their child's diabetes manifests in diverse ways. However, how parents construct and negotiate their caregiving roles and responsibilities has received little attention.MethodsWe conducted interviews with parents of 20 children (aged 0–18) recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, totaling 34 interviews over two time points: 20 within 4 weeks of diagnosis and 14 follow‐up interviews 4 months later. The data were analyzed using theoretical thematic analysis and interpreted within the framework of positioning theory.ResultsThe analysis generated four themes: childhood diabetes intensifies the experience of parental responsibility, fluid parenting roles with 100% commitment, negotiating parental positions, and drawback of polarized positions.ConclusionParents engage in complex dynamics of negotiating their caregiving roles, often leading to gender‐influenced polarized positions that shape their experiences and approaches to care and challenges.ImplicationsThis study highlights crucial dynamics important to address for tailoring support to meet the needs of both parents.
Intimate partner violence in the LGBTQ+ community: Implications for family court professionals
Authors: Davis Lindsey Sank , Crain Emily E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other sexual and gender minority (LGBTQ+) individuals likely experience more intimate partner violence (IPV) than their cisgender, heterosexual counterparts. Though the research on IPV among LGBTQ+ individuals is lacking in quantity, available evidence suggests LGBTQ+ individuals have unique risk factors for IPV victimization and perpetration, express identity‐specific reasons for underreporting IPV, and experience types of IPV specific to their sexual orientation and/or gender identities. Bisexual and transgender individuals appear to be at significantly higher risk of IPV victimization compared to their peers. A search of the Family Court Review archives suggests that IPV affecting bisexual parents has never been directly addressed in the publication, nor has IPV affecting transgender or gender‐nonconforming parents, and the last article on the topic of IPV in gay and lesbian relationships (Bunker Rohrbaugh, 2006) was published more than 15 years ago when marriage and adoption rights were unavailable to most LGBTQ+ individuals. The current article provides an updated and comprehensive discussion of IPV within the broader LGBTQ+ community, reviews the limitations of the extant literature and the need for more research, and demonstrates that LGBTQ+ IPV is a complex issue with which all family court practitioners should be familiar.
Effect of infiltration temperature on graphitization and properties of diamond/SiC composites with SiC matrix
Authors: Hong Tianxiang , Chen Yuhong , Liu Ruibin , Hai Wanxiu , Zhang Xiuling , Liu Meiling , Yan Suo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, diamond/silicon carbide (SiC) composites were prepared by liquid Si infiltration. The effects of the infiltration temperature on the densification, diamond graphitization, and thermal conductivity of the composites were investigated. The effects of the diamond content on the thermal conductivity and bending strength were also explored. X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy detected diamond graphitization at an infiltration temperature of 1480°C. Almost no graphitized diamond was observed due to reactions between silicon and carbon to form SiC at infiltration temperatures higher than 1480°C. As the infiltration temperature increased, graphitized diamond was consumed, and the thermal conductivity of the composite rose. The thermal conductivity and bending strength of the composites depended on the diamond content, reaching values of 257 W/m K and 237 MPa, respectively, for the sample with a diamond content of 17.9 vol.%. The higher bending strength was mainly ascribed to the high diamond content and well‐bonded interface.
Corrosion behaviors of Ti3SiC2/Cu composites in molten salts
Authors: Liu Fuyan , Du Chengzhi , Wu Chenlong , Zhang Rui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe corrosion behaviors of Ti3SiC2/Cu composites synthesized by spark plasma sintering technique were investigated at 900°C in three molten salts including NaCl, Na2SO4, and Na2CO3, and the related corrosion mechanism was discussed. The morphology and composition of the composites after corrosion were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicated that the weight gain per unit surface area of the composites was negative in molten Na2CO3, while it was positive and relatively small in molten NaCl and Na2SO4. The high weight loss of the composites in molten Na2CO3 was owing to that in molten Na2CO3, an oxidation layer of the composites was dissolved, and oxygen diffused through the layer to corrode the substrate inside. Thus, in the molten Na2CO3, the composites exhibited a worse corrosion resistance. However, in molten NaCl and Na2SO4, an oxidation layer containing SiO2 and TiO2 was formed on the surface of the composites, inhibiting its further corrosion. Conclusively, the composites showed better corrosion resistance in molten NaCl and Na2SO4.
Permeability prediction of porous aerostatic bearings through 3D morphology and fractal calculation method
Authors: Cui Jianwei , You Xiaoyu , Zhang Hongjun , Liu Jian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPorous ceramics for aerostatic bearing restrictors were fabricated using carboxymethyl cellulose and polystyrene microspheres as pore formers. The three‐dimensional morphology of the porous ceramics was nondestructively obtained using laser scanning confocal microscopy, and the processing information was eliminated by fitting the pore area fractal dimensions at different heights. A mathematical model was developed based on the assumption of elliptical tortuous capillaries to relate microstructural pore parameters to permeability by combining fractal theory, Darcy's law, and the gas conservation equation. The calculated permeability closely matched the experimental results, with an error of less than 3.5%. This method has promising potential as an alternative to pressure drop experiments. Moreover, the capacity of the fractal calculation model to establish a correlation between microstructural parameters and permeability paves a new way to design future porous aerostatic bearings.
Application of continuing nursing intervention on wound infection and ulcers in patients with diabetic foot: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Xu‐Xiang , Xu Jing , Chen Juan , Gao Feng , Wang Qing‐Ju , Yang Shi‐Hu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis meta‐analysis systematically evaluates the impact of continuous nursing care interventions on wound infections and ulcerations in patients with diabetic foot. A comprehensive computerized search was conducted, from database inception to November 2023, in PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the application of continuous nursing care in diabetic foot. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and conducted quality assessments based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed using Stata 17.0 software. A total of 23 RCTs involving 1813 diabetic foot patients were included. The analysis revealed that, compared to standard care, the implementation of continuous nursing care significantly reduced the incidence of wound infections (OR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.15–0.32, p < 0.001) and complications (OR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.14–0.25, p < 0.001), as well as the occurrence of foot ulcers (OR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.12–0.35, p < 0.001). This study demonstrates that the application of continuous nursing care in diabetic foot patients can effectively reduce the occurrence of wound infections, foot ulcers, and complications, thereby facilitating patient recovery.
Defect assisted self‐reduction and post annealing of Mn ions activated garnet transparent ceramics
Authors: Yu Bin , Sun Bingheng , Fan Jintai , Hao Haoying , Shen Fangliang , Wang Jingang , Jiang Benxue , Zhang Long , Sun Jun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTransition‐metal Mn2+ ion‐doped transparent ceramics (TCs) are promising color‐convertors to improve color rendition for solid‐state lighting. However, the stabilization of Mn2+ remains a challenge owing to the changeable atmosphere in the specific preparation of TC. In this work, the variations of valence states of Mn ions in typical garnet lattice host (YAG and LuAG) throughout the TC fabrication were demonstrated. By combined first principles calculation and experimental investigation, an enhanced self‐reduction of Mn ions was clarified in LuAG host, which was originated from the higher concentration of oxygen vacancy defects. Moreover, the air annealing treatment could significantly weaken and enhance the absorption of Mn2+ and Mn3+ respectively, degrading the orange–red emission peaking at 594 nm. On account of the oxidation of Mn2+ ions, a photoluminescence spectra redshift of 9 nm was observed with increasing air annealing temperature and oxygen content, owing to strengthened crystal field strength surrounding Mn2+ ions. Finally, a high color rendering index of 74.5 of resultant white laser diodes device structured by single‐phase LuAG:Ce,Mn TCs was obtained based on an efficient energy transfer process from Ce3+ to Mn2+. This study will deepen the understanding of the crystal defects inside TCs on luminescence properties, as well as inspiring more exploration on defect control to develop high performance ceramic color‐convertor.
The effect of chemical vapor infiltration process parameters on flexural strength of porous α$\alpha$‐SiC: a numerical model
Authors: Marziale Joseph J. , Sun Jason , Walker Eric A. , Chen Yu , Salac David , Chen James 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe flexural strength variability of ‐ based ceramics at elevated temperatures creates the need for an Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) framework that relates the strength of a specimen directly to its manufacturing process. To create this ICME framework, a model must first be developed which establishes a relationship between the chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) process and parameters, the resulting mesoscale pores, and the overall macroscale flexural strength. Here, a nonlinear single‐pore model of CVI is developed used in conjunction with a four‐way coupled thermo‐mechanical damage model. The individual components of the model are tested and a sample system under a four‐point bending test is explored. Results indicate that specimens with an initial porosity greater than 30% require temperatures below 1273 K to maintain structural integrity, while those with initial porosities less than 30% are temperature‐independent, allowing for optimization of the CVI processing time without compromising strength.