bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Other Climes
Authors: Stokes W Royal 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Multi-instrumentalist James Morrison came to Washington, D.C., several times in the 1980s and early ‘90s. On his very last visit, while he was in residence at Cates for a week, I picked him up at his hotel one spring morning and drove him to my Silver Spring, Maryland, home. I made sandwiches for us and interviewed him in my backyard. Several months later I caught up with him and his brother John at the North Sea Jazz Festival, and we talked some more.
Am I Thin Enough Yet?
Authors: Hesse-Biber Sharlene 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In The Cult of Thinness, Sharlene Hesse-Biber builds on interviews with young women about their weight and body image and connects women’s eating patterns to images in popular culture. Linking eating disorders to contemporary social, cultural, and economic pressures on women to be thin, Hesse-Biber argues that diet and workout industries profit from this cult of thinness and help to perpetuate it.
The Liar Speaks the Truth
Authors: Yaqub Aladdin M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this book Yaqub describes a simple conception of truth and shows that it yields a semantical theory that accommodates the whole range of our seemingly conflicting intuitions about truth. This conception takes the Tarskian biconditionals (such as “The sentence `Johannes loved Clara’ is true if and only if Johannes loved Clara”) as correctly and completely defining the notion of truth. The semantical theory, which is called the revision theory, that emerges from this conception paints a metaphysical picture of truth as a property whose applicability is given by a revision process rather than by a fixed extension. The main advantage of this revision process is its ability to explain why truth seems in many cases almost redundant, in others substantial, and yet in others paradoxical (as in the famous Liar). Yaqub offers a comprehensive defense of the revision theory of truth by developing consistent and adequate formal semantics for languages in which all sorts of problematic sentences (Liar and company) can be constructed. He also offers a detailed critical exposition of the proposals of Herzberger, Gupta, and Belnap. Yaqub concludes by introducing a logic of truth that further demonstrates the adequacy of the revision theory. The book starts with a basic and intuitive understanding of the notion of truth and ends with a complex logic of truth. This book will interest students of logic, truth theory, formal semantics, and philosophy of language.
The Elevation
Authors: Ezell Margaret J M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
how ambitious is my Soul, How high she now aspires! There’s nothing can on Earth controul, Or limit her Desires. Upon the Wings of Thought she flies Above the reach of Sight, And finds a way thro’ pathless Skies To everlasting Light: From whence with blameless Scorn she views The Follies of Mankind; And smiles to see how each pursues Joys fleeting as the Wind. Yonder’s the little Ball of Earth, It lessens as I rise; That Stage of transitory Mirth, Of lasting Miseries: My Scorn does into Pity turn, And I lament the Fate Of Souls, that still in Bodies mourn, For Faults which they create: Souls without Spot, till Flesh they wear, Which their pure Substance stains: While thy th’uneasie Burthen bear, They’re never free from Pains.
The Happy Man
Authors: Ezell Margaret J M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
He is the happy Man whose constant Mind Is to th’ Enjoyment of himself confin’d: Who has within laid up a plenteous Store, And is so rich that he desires no more: Whose Soul is always easie, firm, and brave, And much too great to be Ambition’s Slave: Who Fortune’s Frowns without Concern can bear, And thinks it less to suffer, than to fear: Who, still the same, keeps up his native State, Unmov’d at all the Menaces of Fate: Who all his Passions absolutely sways, And to his Reason cheerful Homage pays, Who’s with a HalcyonCalmness ever blest, With inward Joy, untroubl’d Peace, and Rest: Who while the Most with Toil, with Guilt, and Heat, Lose their dear Quiet to be Rich and Great, Both Business, and disturbing Crouds does shun, Pleas’d that his Work is with less Trouble done: To whom a Grove, a Garden, or a Field, Much greater, much sublimer Pleasures yield, Than they can find in all the Charms of Pow’r, Those splendid Ills which so much Time devour: Who more than Life, his Friends and Books can prize, And for those Joys the noisie world despise: Who when Death calls, no Weakness does betray, Nor to an unbecoming Fear give way; But to himself, and to his Maxims true, Lies smiling down, and bids Mankind adieu.
A Dialogue between Alexisand Astrea
Authors: Ezell Margaret J M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Alexis.Come, fair Astrea,let us for a while Beneath this pleasant Shade our Cares beguile: In kind Discourses let us pass away The tiresom Heat, and Troubles of the Day: The Gods no greater Blessing can bestow Than mutual Love, ‘tis all our Bliss below. Astrea.But Men, false Men, take Pleasure to deceive, And laugh, when we their Perjuries believe; Each word approves by an obliging Smile, Asif it kindly wou’d my Griefs beguile: Thus, will I languish out the tedious Day, Thus, will I pass my saddest Hours away.
Icarus
Authors: Ezell Margaret J M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Whilst Icarushis Wings prepar’d His trembling Father for him fear’d: And thus to him he sighing said, let paternal Love persuade: With me, my dearest Son, comply, And do not proudly soar too high: And keep not in the middle Way: Who singe their Wings with heav’nly Fire; Amidst their glorious Hopes expire: Or with a base and groveling Mind Are to the Clods of Earth confin’d.
To the Learn’d and Ingenious Dr. Musgraveof Exeter
Authors: Ezell Margaret J M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Those who like me their Gratitude would show, Are griev’d to think they still must owe: Be still oblig’d, and never know the way The smallest part of the vast Sum to pay: A Sum beyond th’ Arithmetick of Thought, And which does daily higher rise: To be your Debtor is no more my Fault, The hole that I can give, will not suffice: I am too poor Returns to make, Unless you’ll Thanks as a Requital take: Thanks are the whole that I can bring: My Muse shall of Your wondrous Bounty sing; Your gen’rous Temper to the World make known, That gen’rous Temper you’ve so often shown, And which I still must with the highest Praises own.
Solitude
Authors: Ezell Margaret J M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Happy are they who when alone Can with themselves converse; Who to their Thoughts are so familiar grown, That with Delight in some obscure Recess, They cou’d with silent Joy think all their Hours away, And still think on, till the confining Clay Fall off, and nothing’s left behind Of drossy Earth, nothing to clog the Mind, Or hinder its Ascent to those bright Forms above, Those glorious Beings whose exalted Sense Transcends the highest Flights of human Wit; Who with SeraphickArdor fir’d, And with a Passion more intense Than Mortal Beauty e’er inspir’d; With all th’ endearing Extasies of Love, Will to their blest Society again The long lost Wand’rers admit, Where freed from all their former Pain, And cleans’d from ev’ry Stain, They bask with Pleasure in eternal Day, And grow as pure, and as refin’d as they.
On the Death of my dear Daughter Eliza Maria Chudleigh:
Authors: Ezell Margaret J M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Marissa.0 my Lucinda!0 my dearest Friend! Must my Affiictions never, never End! Has Heav’n for me no Pity left in Store, Must I!0 must I ne’er be happy more, Philinda’sLoss had almost broke my Heart, From her, Alas! I did but lately part: And must there still be new Occasions found To try my Patience, and my Soul to wound? Must my lov’d Daughter too be snatch’d away, Must she so soon the Call of Fate obey? In her first Dawn, replete with youthful Charms,
The Resolve
Authors: Ezell Margaret J M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For what the World admires I’ll wish no more, Nor court that airy nothing of a Name: Such flitting Shadows let the Proud adore, Let them be Suppliants for an empty Fame. If Reason rules within, and keeps the Throne, While the inferior Faculties obey, And all her Laws without Reluctance own, Accounting none more fit, more just than they. If Virtue my free Soul unsully’d keeps, Exempting it from Passion and from Stain: If no black guilty Thoughts disturb my Sleeps, And no past Crimes my vext Remembrance pain. If, tho’ I Pleasure find in living here, I yet can look on Death without Surprize: If I’ve a Soul above the Reach of Fear, And which will nothing mean or sordid prize. A Soul, which cannot be depress’d by Grief, Nor too much rais’d by the sublimest Joy; Which can, when troubled, give it self Relief, And to Advantage all its Thoughts employ.
The Inquiry
Authors: Ezell Margaret J M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A Dialogue between Cleantheand Marissa Cleanthe.Tell me, Marissa,by what Rule May I judge who’s the greatest Fool? Is’t he, that in pursuit of Wealth, Neglects his Ease, neglects his Health, And void of Rest, and full of Care, Becomes a Slave to his next Heir; To him, who does his Thrift despise, And from him with Abhorrence flies: And when he’s dead, with eager haste Will soon his ill-got Riches waste? Or he, who seeks in bloody Wars, For Fame, and honourable Scars? For Fame, that idle, useless Toy, Which Fools can give, and Fools destroy! Or is’t the Man, who dully grave, Is to his Books a willing Slave? Who, if he has the Classicks read, And talk’d with all the mighty dead; Knows the much fam’d Atomick Dance And all the wondrous Works of Chance; What Particles form th’ active Fire, And what the wat’ry Parts require; Which constitute th’Earth, and which th’Air, Which th’ /asop’sForm, and which the Fair, Which make the Fools, and which the Wise, And where the grand Distinction lies.
To the Queen’smost Excellent Majesty
Authors: Ezell Margaret J M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When Heav’n designs some wondrous Prince to raise, Deserving Empire and eternal Praise; It chuses one of an illustrious Line, In whom Hereditary Graces shine: Who good and great by his Descent is made, And by the Rules of native Honour sway’d: Him it exposes to th’ Insults of Fate, To all the Blows of Malice and of Hate, Before it raises him to an exalted State. The pious Trojan,its peculiar Care, Did num’rous Hardships, num’rous Trials bear; Ten thousand Toils with Patience he sustain’d, Before he undisturb’d in Latiumreign’d: To pains inur’d, with Disappointments crost, Wan’dring thro’ Flames, on mounting Surges tost: Suff’rings and War to Grandeur led the Way, And fitted him for independent Sway.
Of Knowledge
Authors: Ezell Margaret J M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When I look abroad into the World, and take a Survey of the Rational Nature, it grieves me to see what a vast Disproportion there is as to intellectual Endowments between the Men and Us: ‘Tis a mortifying Prospect to see them exalted to such a tow’ring Height, rais’d so infinitely above the generality of our Sex. Some few indeed may vie with them, may shine bright in the Firmament of Knowledge:But what are they to the surrounding Splendors, to the Multitude of Lights? they are lost in the glorious Crowd, and cannot be retriev’d without a narrow Inspection, an attentive View! I wish I could perswade all, at least the greatest part of my Sex, those whose Circumstances do not necessarily oblige them to lower Cares, to put in for a Share, to enter their Claims, and not permit the Men any longer to monopolize the Perfections of the Mind, to ingross the Goods of the Understanding: I would not have them suffer themselves to be willingly dispossess’d of their Reason, and shut out of the Commonwealth of Learning: Neither would I have them so far impos’d on, as to be made to believe, that they are incapable of great Attainments. We have already given noble and undeniable Instances of the contrary, and can produce a long Catalogue of illustrious Names, can boast of Ladies,who have been as famous for their Knowledgeas their vertue.
Of Fear
Authors: Ezell Margaret J M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Fear is a Passion which strangely disorders and weakens the Mind, breaks all its Measures, and unavoidably subjects it to a thousand Inconveniences: ‘Tis generally the Effect of a too tender and effeminate Education, of those fatal Impressions which are made on us in our Infancy, in the first Dawnings of our Reason, by the Folly and Mismanagement of Servants, of such as are unhappily intrusted with us, either by the Laziness or Imprudence of our ill-advis’d Parents.
Of Solitude
Authors: Ezell Margaret J M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Had not Society been that for which we were design’d by infinite Wisdom, there would not have been so strong a Byass in our Inclinations, such Pleasures affix’d to Conversation, such irresistible Charms in agreeable Company; something that by a secret Sympathy, an internal Force, a pleasing sort of Violence, seems to link us to each other, and makes us delight in a mutual Communication of Thoughts, a reciprocal Exchange of Sentiments. Besides, ‘tis not probable that Faculties so bright as ours, were given us to be conceal’d, like Sepulchral Lamps intended only to inlighten Urns, and spread their useless Rays around their small Circumference. Doubtless they were design’d for greater, much nobler Purposes; their Splendour was to be more extensive, like the Sun, to be every where conspicuous: They were to be the Objects of Esteem, to attract Respect and Veneration, by which their Influence might become more preva-lent, and they thereby render’d capable of being universal Blessings.
Introduction
Authors: Biber Douglas , Finegan Edward 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Sociolinguists range widely in their interests, and the term sociolinguistics has very broad application. Some observers draw a distinction between “the sociology of language, ‘with a focus on sociological matters, and “sociolinguistics, with a focus on language. In many instances the same inquiry and the same analysis may be viewed by some as sociological and by others as linguistic. The definition of sociolinguistics offered in the standard linguistics lexicon (Crystal 1991) is broad: “A branch of linguistics which studies all aspects of language and society.’‘In the definition, the word and portrays sociolinguistics at its broadest. Only the initial position of the word language suggests any priority, while all suggests the potential scope of inquiry. Preferring the preposition in to the conjunction and, one leading sociolinguistics journal bears the title Language in Society, suggesting a preference for studies whose principal focus rests on language rather than society. Another journal, more interested in larger questions of language use, calls itself the International Journal of the Sociology of Language.
Diglossia As A Special Case Of Register Variation
Authors: Hudson Alan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The three basic premises upon which the following discussion of diglossia is founded may be stated at the very outset. First, diglossia, in its original and most theoretically productive sense, is a dramatic instance of the apparently universal opposition between formal and informal language use. Second, the situational differentiation of registers of the same language is not of the same order as the asymmetric functional allocation of distinct languages within the same speech community, but rather differs from the latter in terms of its sociogenesis and evolutionary course of development. Third, and following from the first two premises, the phenomenon of diglossia is more fruitfully investigated from the perspective of a theory of formal language use and formal social behavior generally than from the perspective of a theory of language contact and societal bilingualism.
Two largely independent views of the notion of formality predominate among students of language use in social context, the first an anthropological, or sociocultural, view, and the second a discourse-functional, or psychopragmatic, view. From the anthropological standpoint, formality of discourse is typically viewed in terms of ‘a prevailing affective tone,’ such as seriousness, politeness, or respect (Irvine 1984:212). Within the more psycholinguistic framework of discourse pragmatics, however, formal-informal variation in linguistic form is understood in terms of the interaction between the physical and psychological exigencies of the communicative context, on the one hand, and the cognitive mechanisms engaged in the planning, production, and processing of discourse, on the other (Given 1979:105-06).
The Narrative Turn in Minority Writing
Authors: Clayton Jay 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In Louise Erdrich’s novel Tracks (1988), an old Chippewa known as Nanapush tells of using stories to hold off his own death: “During the year of sickness, when I was the last one left, I saved myself by starting a story. … I got well by talking. Death could not get a word in edgewise, grew discouraged, and traveled on” (46). Per haps because he is the last of his people to follow the old ways, Nanapush is the only character in Erdrich’s three interrelated novels to make explicit claims about the power of narrative. Later in the text he tells of saving his granddaughter, who has almost frozen to death, by telling her stories through an entire night: “Once I had you I did not dare break the string between us and kept on moving my lips, holding you motionless with talking” (167).
Freedom, Existence, and the Nature of Hell
Authors: Kvanvig Jonathan L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Our investigation of the problem of hell has yielded several important conclusions to this point, a summary of which may be useful before proceeding further. First, we have seen the failure of the tradetional conception of hell and standard alternatives to it. Furthermore, the way in which the standard alternatives are defective sheds light on our subject, for they fare no better than the traditional conception in avoiding difficulty; in fact, we can fairly say that many of these alternatives, formed in the face of perceived inadequacies of the traditional view, fail to make any substantial progress at all toward solving the problem of hell. This result is singularly important in the present context, for it serves to demonstrate the fact that the problem of hell is not limited in scope to varieties of traditional Christianity. Whether the proffered alternative is a version of universalism, annihilationism, or conditional immortalism, or a second chance doctrine, no such view, offered as a simple alternative to the traditional doctrine of hell, can solve the problem of hell. So the problems with the traditional conception and simple alternatives to it show that the problem of hell is not easily solved. The standard view of the matter is that either the objections to the strong view can be answered or, if they cannot, a variety of alternatives to the strong view are available to solve the problem. So, the line goes, if the strong view is inadequate, the task is to sort out the best among a host of adequate views. This view of the matter is deeply misleading, and it has been the point of the last several chapters to show that this account of the matter is naive.
Dreaming, Knowing, Doubting
Authors: Stroll Avrum 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As I indicated earlier, Moore claimed that the argument he advanced in “Proof of an External World” was indeed a proof and that most of his critics were mistaken in asserting that it was not. He stated, correctly in my opinion, that a proof must satisfy three criteria: it must be a valid argument; its premise or premises must be true; and it or they must be known to be true. He also stated that his argument satisfied these conditions and therefore that he had proved there are physical objects. He thought his critics had confused the question of whether a certain set of sentences amounted to a proof with a different question, namely, whether he could prove that one of those sentences, functioning as a premise, was true. That sentence was “Here is one hand,” and with respect to it he granted, as we have also seen, that he could not prove it. In order to do that, he said, he would have to prove that at the time he was speaking he was not dreaming, and this was something he could not do. Moreover, though he did not state this, he implied that he thought nobody could at any time prove he or she was not dreaming.
Modernism’s African Mask: The Stein-Picasso Collaboration
Authors: North Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Not long after the publication of The Nigger of the “Narcissus,” European artists were attracted en masse to an African art they knew virtually nothing about and were mesmerized by the way that African masks and statues dislocated all conventional artistic strategies. A 1924 Opportunity editorial described this new influence as a “forcible entry” and an invasion, promising or warning, it is hard to tell, “Soon primitive Negro art will invade this country as it has invaded Europe. It is inevitable.” For aesthetes like Alain Locke and Albert Barnes, the African vogue that influenced Picasso, Apollinaire, Cendrars, Stravinsky, Satie, and many others augured a new prominence for African-American creativity as well, a rise in attention, if not estimation, that Matheus later compared to Wait’s arrival and domination.
Innocence Lost
Authors: Gowans Christopher W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Our lives are such that moral wrongdoing is sometimes inescapable for us. We have moral responsibilities to persons which may conflict and which it is wrong to violate even when they do conflict. Christopher W. Gowans argues that we must accept this conclusion if we are to make sense of our moral experience and the way in which persons are valuable to us. In defending this position, he critically examines the recent moral dilemmas debate. He maintains that what is important in this debate is not whether there are irresolvable moral conflicts, but whether there are moral conflicts in which wrongdoing is unavoidable. Though it would be incoherent to conclude moral deliberation by deciding to perform incompatible actions, he argues that there is nothing incoherent in supposing that we have conflicting moral responsibilities. In this way, he shows that it is possible to capture the intuitions of those who have defended the idea of moral dilemmas while meeting the objections of those who have rejected this idea. Gowans carefully evaluates utilitarian and Kantian analyses of moral dilemmas. He argues that these approaches eliminate genuine moral conflict only by displacing persons as direct objects of moral concern. As an alternative, he develops a more concrete account in which moral responsibilities to persons are central. The book also includes discussions of Melville’s Billy Budd, methodology in moral philosophy, moral pluralism, moral tragedy, and `dirty hands’ in politics.