bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial Variants of Complex I Genes as Potential Biomarkers to Leprosy
Authors: Souza Felipe Gouvea , Silva Caio S. , Araújo Gilderlanio S. , Santana-da-Silva Mayara N. , Gobbo Angélica Rita , Silva Moisés Batista , Pinto Pablo , Costa Patrícia Fagundes , Salgado Claudio Guedes , Ribeiro-dos-Santos Ândrea , Cavalcante Giovanna C. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Leprosy is a chronic bacterial infection mainly caused by Mycobacterium leprae that primarily affects skin and peripheral nerves. Due to its ability to absorb carbon from the host cell, the bacillus became dependent on energy production, mainly through oxidative phosphorylation. In fact, variations in genes of Complex I of oxidative phosphorylation encoded by mtDNA have been associated with several diseases in humans, including bacterial infections, which are possible influencers in the host response to leprosy. Here, we investigated the presence of variants in the mtDNA genes encoding Complex I regarding leprosy, as well as the analysis of their pathogenicity in the studied cohort.
Results: We found a sum of 74 variants exclusive of only one leprosy pole (Pole T: Borderline Tuberculoid; Pole L: Borderline Lepromatous and Lepromatous), suggesting a possible clinical significance to these variants. Notably, six variants were exclusively found in both clinical poles of leprosy, including m.4158A>G and m.4248T>C in MT-ND1, m.13650C>A, m.13674T>C, m.12705C>T and m.13263A>G in MT-ND5, of which there are no previous reports in the global literature.
Conclusions: Our observations reveal a substantial number of mutations among different groups of leprosy, highlighting a diverse range of genomic consequences associated with mutations in genes across these groups. Furthermore, we suggest that the four specific variants exclusively identified in the case group could potentially play a crucial role in leprosy susceptibility and its clinical differentiation. These variants are believed to contribute to the instability and dysregulation of oxidative phosphorylation during the infection, further emphasizing their significance.
Trust as a Catalyst: Revealing the Impact of Government Trust and Professional Trust on Public Health Policy Compliance during a Pandemic
Authors: Chen Guobang , Hu Yue , Zhang Hua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Existing research has extensively explored the relationship between government trust and compliance behaviour, but significant controversies exist. Some studies suggest a strong positive correlation between the two. Other studies have found that government trust hinders compliance behaviour. However, during the pandemic, the effectiveness of public health policies largely depends on the public's compliance with these policies. To examine the aforementioned controversies, this study utilizes survey data on the Chinese population during the COVID-19 period to explore the relationship between compliance with public health policies and government trust.
Methods
The study conducted a questionnaire survey of 1,395 individuals from 25 provinces in China from mid-November to mid-December 2022. Firstly, we categorized the public's compliance behaviour with public health policies based on the results of factor analysis. Subsequently, we examined the impact of government trust and professional trust on compliance behaviour with public health policies by constructing a structural equation model.
Results
Based on the results of factor analysis, we classified public adherence to public health policies into protective compliance and restrictive compliance. Results from the structural equation model show a positive correlation between the public's trust in the government and both protective and restrictive compliance, with a stronger influence on protective compliance. Government trust also exerts a positive impact on restrictive compliance behaviour through professional trust. Additionally, the study indicates a significant positive correlation between the public's professional trust and restrictive compliance, while it does not significantly affect protective compliance. Moreover, the public from rural areas demonstrates a greater willingness to adhere to both types of public health policies. Married individuals exhibit a stronger inclination toward protective compliance, while females show a stronger tendency toward restrictive compliance.
Conclusion
The study revealed a significant positive impact of government trust and professional trust on compliance behaviour with public health policies during the COVID-19 pandemic, refuting any negative correlation between government trust and compliance behaviour. Normative motivations for compliance behaviour had a substantial impact on adherence. These findings offer valuable insights for future public health crisis management and public policy formulation.
Field experimental research on vertical load-bearing properties of rock-socketed cast-in-place piles based on pile stress test
Authors: Yan Nan , Zhang Ying jie , Bai Xiaoyu , Yin Jichao , Liu Junwei , Sang Songkui , Zhang Mingyi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper researched the vertical load-bearing capacity of rock-socketed cast-in-place piles using static load tests, and high- and low-strain dynamic tests, based on a construction project in Indonesia. On this basis, an exponential curve model was used to predict the ultimate load capacity of each test pile. The test piles were divided into 800 mm and 600 mm diameter groups. Under the maximum test load conditions, the end resistance of the 800 mm diameter piles accounted for more than 50% of the load, showing good friction end-bearing pile characteristics. In contrast, the maximum end resistance of the 600 mm diameter piles accounted for less than 35% of the load, showing end-bearing frictional pile characteristics where the vertical bearing capacity of a single pile is predominantly borne by the pile side friction resistance. The piles' load-settlement (Q‑s) curves varied slowly, with a maximum settlement of less than 30 mm. The rebound settlement rate at the top of the pile was significant, while the residual settlement was small. Under the maximum load, the pile side friction resistance reached a maximum in the rock-embedded section at the location of the flattest slope of the axial force curve.
Intolerance of Uncertainty and Psychological Flexibility as Predictors of Mental Health from Adolescence to Old Age
Authors: Okayama Sakiko , Minihan Savannah , Andrews Jack L. , Daniels Sarah , Grunewald Karina , Richards Matthew , Wang Weike , Hasan Yasmin , Schweizer Susanne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic brought with it significant social, economic and health uncertainties. These were proposed to impact young people more compared to adults, leading adolescents to report more mental health problems during the pandemic. The current study examined whether differences in cognitive risk (tolerance of uncertainty) and protective (psychological flexibility) factors accounted for age-related differences in depression and anxiety. Data from the COVID-19 Risks Across the Lifespan (CORAL) cohort (N = 2280, 11–89 years), showed that adolescents experienced greater intolerance of uncertainty and lower psychological flexibility compared to adults and older adults. Tolerance of uncertainty did not account for age-related differences in depression or anxiety. However, psychological flexibility conferred more protective advantage for anxiety in adults compared to adolescents. The observed age-related differences in risk and protective factors advance our understanding of developmental vulnerabilities to depression and anxiety. Implications for mental health interventions in the context of future pandemics are discussed.
New Insights on the Study of Black and Quicksilver Patinas on the Surface of Ancient Chinese Bronze Mirrors
Authors: Wang Yunpeng , Long Shasha , Wang Xuening , Liu Fangzhi , Ma Qinglin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Natural corrosion mechanisms and artificial treatment mechanisms are currently explained for the development of black and quicksilver on the surface of bronze mirrors. Our knowledge of the formation of these glossy patinas is currently limited. Several bronze mirror samples dating to the Han (206 B.C.E to 220 C.E), the Tang (618-907 C.E), and the Song (960-1279 C.E) Dynasties derive from the Jinan City Museum (JN) and the Ju County Museum (JZ). A systematic approach, including metallographic microscopy and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Raman spectroscopy, was used to analyze. The results show that the metallographic structure and corrosion layering of the black and quicksilver patina bronze mirror are equivalent to those of high-tin bronze. Compared to the quicksilver bronze mirror, the black patina bronze mirror has more severe corrosion. The notable phenomenon is that the white strip materials precipitated from the matrix of the JZ and JN samples. Raman spectrum indicates the white strip materials extracted from the JZ samples are advanced fatty acid lead, while the white strips extracted from the JN samples are advanced aromatic acid lead. The organic lead acid within the bronze mirror should be residual at the casting. It probably came from the release agent or the wax film's raw material that was left in the casting mould. When artificially wiping the bronze mirror, the organic lead acid would equally coat the surface and form a thin, corrosion-resistant coating. Heat originating from the electrochemical corrosion will therefore cause the advanced organic fatty acid lead's layer to oxidize, turning it into a black patina layer. If the degree of advanced organic fatty acid lead oxidation is low, it would be transformed into quicksilver patinas.
The effect of IL-17A and combined mechanical injury on meniscal tissue integrity in vitro
Authors: Ahrens Greta , Gellhaus Florian , Weitkamp Jan-Tobias , Behrendt Peter , Rolauffs Bernd , Grodzinsky Alan J. , Kurz Bodo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
Meniscal integrity is crucial for knee joint stability and prevention of osteoarthritis (OA) development. Recent studies suggested that mechanical overload and interleukin (IL)-17A may be important intertwined players in meniscal degeneration, but a direct impact of IL-17A on the meniscus has not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the effect of IL-17A on meniscal tissue with and without combined mechanical injury (MI).
Methods
Meniscal explant disks (1 mm height, 3 mm diameter) were isolated from the lower surface of bovine menisci and exposed to IL-17A [0-100 ng/ml] and/or MI (single compression, 50% strain, strain rate 1 mm/sec). After three days of incubation in a serum-free medium the proteoglycan release (sGAG; DMMB assay), mRNA level of matrix-degrading enzymes (qRT-PCR), aggrecan degradation (NITEGE immunostaining), and cell death (histomorphometry of nuclear blebbing/apoptosis and condensed nuclei/unspecified cell death) was determined. Statistics: one-way ANOVA with Tukeys multiple comparisons or Kruskal-Wallis-post hoc test.
Results
IL-17A increased sGAG release in a dose-dependent manner. MI also induced release of sGAG, but the combination with IL-17A raised this effect to a significant level even for an IL-17A concentration which showed no significant effect on its own. Both, IL-17A and MI individually affected the mRNA levels for ADAMTS-4 and MMP-13 slightly, but the combination of both induced a significant increase in mRNA levels. Signals for the ADAMTS-4-related aggrecan neoepitope NITEGE were elevated by IL-17A in superficial explant tissue and by MI in superficial and deeper areas. The combination of both stimuli intensified this signal further. MI increased the number of cells with condensed nuclei significantly and induced apoptosis in a small proportion of cells. IL-17A alone had no significant impact on the amount of condensed nuclei but increased the number of apoptotic cells slightly and even more in combination with MI.
Conclusion
IL-17A induces matrix degeneration in meniscal tissue which in combination with a trauma intensifies significantly. The latter might be responsible for a post-traumatic joint environment that promotes meniscal degeneration and subsequently OA, and highlights IL-17A as a potential target in PTOA therapy.
Efficacy and safety of Genolimzumab in previously treated PD-L1-Positive recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer: a multicenter open-label, single-arm, phase Ⅱ study
Authors: An Jusheng , Feng Mei , Zhang Keqiang , Zhu Jianqing , He Aiqin , Li Xiumin , Peng Jin , Wang Xinwen , Zhang Hongping , Kong Weimin , Li Guiling , Yuan Jianlin , Liu Hu , Pan Yueyin , Yu Shiying , Shen Liangfang , Zhu Hong , Ma Cailing , Chen Hongmin , Hao Min , Cheng Wenjun , Zhang Wenxue , Deng Chao , Hu Chunhong , Huang Yi , Zhang Jian , Huang Kairong , Liu Zhijie , Zhu Zhaofeng , Xie Fan , Zhang Yunyan , Wu Lingying 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose
This phase II trial investigated the efficacy and safety of Genolimzumab (GB226) in patients with previously treated, PD-L1-Positive recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer.
Methods
We conducted a two-stage, phase II trial to enrol patients who had disease progression after first-line platinum-containing chemotherapy. Genolimzumab was given intravenously at a dose of 3 mg/kg every two weeks until disease progression, unacceptable toxic effects, or withdrawal from the study. The primary endpoint was Independent Review Committee (IRC)-assessed confirmed objective response rate per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1. Other endpoints included duration of response (DOR), disease control rate (DCR), time to response(TTR), overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) and safety.
Results
169 patients were enrolled from May 2019 to Jan 2022. In 100 efficacy-evaluable patients, the ORR was 18% (95% CI, 11.03 to 26.95); the disease control rate was 41% (95% CI, 31.26 to 51.29). The median PFS was 1.91 months (95% CI, 1.87 to 3.55 months). The median overall survival was 16.69 months (95% CI, 11.07 to NR months). Furthermore, for 123 safety-evaluable patients, 97(78.9%) patients experienced a treatment-related adverse event. The most frequent treatment-related adverse events were hypothyroidism (30[24.4%]), anaemia (26 [21.1%]) and hyperthyroidism (17 [13.8%]).
Conclusions
Genolimzumab as a second-line or later therapy has Promising, durable clinical activity and favourable tolerability for patients with, PD-L1-Positive, ECOG=1, Squamous cell carcinoma, one prior line of therapy, no prior bevacizumab therapy or CPS ≥ 20 recurrent or recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer.
All-metallic magnetic Purcell enhancement in a thermally stable
room-temperature maser
Authors: Fleury Romain , Xiang Rongrong , Bugnon Philippe , Khatibi Maliheh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Enhancing the spontaneous and stimulated emission rates of magnetic quantum emitters through Purcell effect is essential for designing high-performance quantum devices based on high quality factor and small mode volume. At room temperature, structures constructed using high-index dielectric materials have been favored due to their low absorption losses. However, these dielectric resonators are plagued by an inherent sensitivity to thermal fluctuations, which are unavoidable during the optical excitation or readout of the quantum states. Here, we propose to solve this issue with a dielectric-free, all-metallic toroidal split-ring resonator cluster of subwavelength size (≤ λm/17), which exhibits a fundamental magnetic mode at approximately 1.45 GHz (λm ∼ 207 mm), and a remarkably low mode volume (8.1 × 10−6λ3 m). Through experimental investigations, we demonstrate that the proposed resonator exhibits a high Purcell factor (5 × 106 ), and observe maser action when paired with a pentacene-based gain medium. We evidence the remarkable stability of the output pulse to thermal fluctuations caused by thousands of consecutive optical excitations, by far surpassing that of masers based on dielectric resonators.
Nomogram Predicting All-cause Mortality and Cancer-Specific Mortality after TURBT for Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Retrospective Study Based on SEER Data
Authors: Yao Luo , Jing Yang , Zaixiang Tan , Sujing Wei , Xuekui Liu , Zehua Huang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective The study aims to develop two nomograms that predicts the ACM and CSM in patients with NMIBC using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.
Methods We extracted clinical data from 2004 to 2017 from the SEER database about NMIBC patients who had undergone transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) treatment. All patients were randomly divided into training cohort and validation cohort in the ratio of 7:3. We conducted univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses and constructed nomograms for ACM and CSM using independent influencing factors. Nomogram predictive performance and clinical utility was evaluated by the consistency index (C-index), the time-dependent ROC curves, the calibration curve, and decision curve.
Results Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age at diagnosis, race, etc. were independent risk factors for ACM and CSM. Based on the multivariate Cox regression results, we constructed nomograms of ACM and CSM. In the training cohort, The C-index values for the ACM nomogram was 0.742 and the CSM nomogram was 0.784. In the validation cohort, the C-index values for the ACM nomogram was 0.745, while the CSM nomogram was 0.790. Our nomograms have better prediction than the nomograms based on AJCC stage T. And the calibration curves of the nomograms showed good consistency between the predicted and actual 5- and 10-year ACM and CSM rates.
Conclusion The nomograms can assist clinicians in identifying high-risk populations and devising more individualized treatment strategies for NMIBC patients.
WITHDRAWN: Effect of virtual reality intervention on hospitalized patients with acute pain after thoracoscopic surgery: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xu Song , Cao Weibo , Ren Fan , Li Tong , Li Xuanguang , Jia Xuewang , Cao Cancan , Yu Haochuan , Mao Fuling , Li Hanyi , Zu Lingling , Chen Gang , Wei Li , Lu Yi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Acute postsurgical pain remains one of the most common complaints among patients treated with minimally invasive video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Immersive virtual reality (VR) has been found to be a nonpharmaceutical technological means to deliver effective behavioral therapies for acute pain in some postsurgical settings. However, the role of VR in pain management after thoracoscopic surgery is still not determined.
Objective: To determine the analgesic effects of behavioral skill-based VR on patients after VATS.
Methods: Patients with a numerical rating scale (NRS) score ≥ four for postoperative pain were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to the QTC-VR, Placebo-VR, and control groups. Postoperative standard analgesia comprised an analgesia pump and flurbiprofen injections. All three groups of patients received standard analgesics. Patients in the Placebo-VR group watched a 10-minute relaxation-based 2D film through VR headsets, while patients in the QTC-VR group engaged in 10-minute interactive pain relief 3D VR programs while wearing VR headsets.
Results: Of the 61 postsurgical patients randomized and allocated to the QTC-VR, placebo-VR, and control groups, 15 failed to meet the criteria for analgesic drug use, and 1 suffered severe vertigo, leaving the data from 45 patients for final statistical analyses. There were no significantdifferences among the three groups in terms of age, sex, smoking status, education level, thoracoscopic surgical modalities, or baseline pain intensity. Patients who received QTC-VR interventions experienced considerable pain alleviation on the first (P < 0.001, 95% CI, 0.687 to 1.246), second (P < 0.001, 95% CI, 0.158 to 0.642), and third (P < 0.001, 95% CI, 0.108 to 0.559) postoperative days. The effect of pain interference on relations with others for patients receiving QTC-VR improved on postoperative days 2 (P= 0.007, 95% CI, -2.477 to 0.323) and 3 (P < 0.001, 95% CI, -2.420 to 0.780) compared with patients in the placebo-VR group, while the effect of pain on emotion (P = 0.018, 95% CI, -1.810 to 0.210), sleep (P = 0.004, 95% CI, -2.422 to 0.378), enjoyment of life (P= 0.005, 95% CI, -2.207 to 0.326), walking ability (P= 0.022, 95% CI, -1.882 to -0.118), and general activity (P= 0.007, 95% CI, -1.997 to 0.270) improved only on day 3 following surgery. Moreover, patients who underwent therapeutic QTC-VR interventions reported satisfaction with their treatment and experienced few adverse events.
Conclusions: This randomized controlled trial (RCT) demonstrates the efficacy and feasibility of immersive QTC-VR interventions in pain management after thoracoscopic surgery. This needs to be further validated by the ongoing phase III clinical trial.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05926817
Neural-network-enhanced Line of Sight method for 3D particle cloud matching in Particle Tracking Velocimetry
Authors: Dou Jianyu , Pan Chong , Han Yukun , Xiong Yuan , Wang Jinjun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The algorithm of three-dimensional (3D) particle cloud matching is a building block for 3D Particle Tracking Velocimetry (3D-PTV). In the present study, a new 3D particle cloud matching algorithm, i.e., neural-network-enhanced Line of Sight (NN-LOS), is proposed to update the traditional method of Line of Sight (LOS). The essence of NN-LOS is to use a Matching-Neural network (Matching-NN) to evaluate whether or not one set of candidate matching being recorded by different cameras with various viewing perspectives is valid. Such a Matching-NN is in-situ trained from virtual datasets that are synthetically generated by taking into account both the spatial calibration information and the actual seeding density in one particular experiment setup. This makes NN-LOS be self-adaptive to the measurement configuration, and thus avoids the problem of properly selecting a filtering threshold for the reproduction error in LOS. Both a series of synthetic tests and one surface morphology measurement are taken to prove that comparing to LOS, NN-LOS provides a significant improvement of the matching accuracy at high seeding density. A 3D-PTV measurement of a vortex ring in a synthetic jet is experimentally performed to demonstrate the advantage of NN-LOS. Comparing to Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry, NNLOS-PTV enhances the spatial resolution of the velocity-field measurement and reduces the uncertainty of instantaneous velocity. The performance improvement is further empirically explained by a semi-empirical test.
The complex inner Milky Way disentangled with chemistry-kinematics
Authors: Horta Danny , Petersen Michael , Penarrubia Jorge 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The inner ∼ 5 kiloparsec (kpc) region of the Milky Way is complex.
Establishing a picture of the formation of the Galaxy requires precise understanding of the formation of this region. Here we report a study focused on disentangling the inner Milky Way using the measured positions, velocities, and element abundance ratios of red giant stars. We demonstrate that, after removing the stellar halo, the inner Galaxy populations can be grouped into three main components based on their angular momentum: bar, disc, and a previously unreported “knot” component. The knot has a spheroidal shape and is concentrated in the inner ∼ 1.5 kpc, is comprised of stars on nearly-radial orbits, and presents the most enriched [Fe/H] element abundances of the whole Galaxy. Its chemical composition is qualitatively similar to the Galactic bar, suggestive that these two populations share a common genesis. Our results also show that the bar is more slowly rotating than previously thought, with a pattern speed of Ω_bar = 24 ± 3 kms−1 kpc−1. This new estimate suggests that the influence of the bar extends beyond the solar radius.