bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of Life of Stoma Patients: Temporary Ileostomy versus Colostomy
Authors: Silva Michael Anthony , Ratnayake Geethani , Deen Kemal I. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIleostomy for proximal diversion as a preferred option over colostomy has been a recent topic of interest. Our study evaluated the quality of life (QOL) of patients with a temporary ileostomy and compared it with that of patients with a temporary colostomy. The QOL of 25 patients with an ileostomy (median age 42 years, range 22–76 years) was compared with that for 25 patients with a colostomy (median age 44 years, range 18–70 years). Indications for a stoma were rectal carcinoma, trauma, inflammatory bowel disease, anastomotic leak, or incontinence following an operative procedure for rectal prolapse. The study was conducted at a median of 8 weeks (range 6–16 weeks) for ileostomy patients and of 9 weeks (range 5–17 weeks) for colostomy patients following stoma creation. A self‐administered structured questionnaire was used, with responses obtained for 10 QOL questions on a visual analog rating scale (0–100 mm); they were graded good (71–100), satisfactory (31–70), or poor (0–30). Altogether, 22 (88%) patients with an ileostomy, compared with 16 (64%) patients with a colostomy, were able to purchase their stomal appliances (p = 0.09, χ2: NS). Effluent was tolerable in 18 (72%) patients with an ileostomy compared with 7 (28%) patients with a colostomy (p = 0.002, χ2). Appetite was not affected in any of the patients with an ileostomy (100%), compared with 64% of patients with a colostomy (p = 0.002, χ2), travel by public transport 32% compared to 28% with colostomy (NS), dress in 20% compared to 24% with colostomy (NS), and daily activities 28% compared to 24% with colostomy (NS). Moreover, 68% with an ileostomy did not have a problem with hygiene compared with 40% with a colostomy (NS); 95% with an ileostomy abstained from sexual activity compared with 81% with a colostomy (p = 0.21, χ2: NS). Both ileostomy and colostomy resulted in significant QOL impairment. However, with ileostomy, the effluent was more tolerable, had less of an impact on personal hygiene, and preserved the appetite compared with colostomy. There were no differences in travel, dress, daily chores, or sexual activity between the two groups.
Trauma Management in Australia and the Tyranny of Distance
Authors: Danne Peter D. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractMajor trauma presents a time‐critical medical emergency. Successful and expeditious management with early definitive treatment is required to prevent secondary injury. The resources in the prehospital setting, at the hospital of first treatment, and at the tertiary referral (major trauma) center all have an impact on the ability of an integrated trauma system to deliver optimal care to a patient. The time between leaving the injury site and instituting definitive care does not always equate with distance. Retrieval resources must be allocated carefully. Potentially preventable morbidity and mortality has been identified and is specifically related to the time between injury and definitive care and the efficiency of the retrieval and hospital transfer processes. These problems are being addressed with a further sophistication of integrated trauma systems. Regional trauma committees, unified and sophisticated ambulance services, good communication lines, adequate resources at major trauma services, and well developed surgical services are all essential for the appropriate and expeditious management of major trauma patients injured at a distance from tertiary referral (major trauma) centers.
Healing of Esophageal Anastomoses Performed with the Biofragmentable Anastomosis Ring versus the End‐to‐end Anastomosis Stapler: Comparative Experimental Study in Dogs
Authors: Kovács Tibor , Köves István , Orosz Zsolt , Németh Tibor , Pandi Erzsébet , Kralovanszky Judit 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe biofragmentable anastomosis ring (BAR) has been used successfully for anastomoses from the stomach to the upper rectum. The healing of intrathoracic esophageal anastomoses performed with the BAR or an end‐to‐end anastomosis (EEA) stapler on an experimental model was compared. Parameters of tissue repair were evaluated: macroscopic examination, bursting strength (BS), collagen (hydroxyproline, or HP), histology (H&E and Picrosirius red staining for collagen). A series of 48 mongrel dogs were randomly separated into two groups (30 BAR, 18 stapler) and subgroups according to the time of autopsy (days 4, 7, 14, 28). Mortality was 13.3% (4 BAR cases) with two deaths not related to surgery (excluded). There were four leaks in the BAR group (14.3%) and no leaks or deaths but two strictures in the stapler group. BS was significantly higher in the BAR group during the first week, and values were almost equal from the second week with both methods. The HP rate was significantly reduced on days 4 and 7 in both groups compared to the reference values; the values were close to reference values from the second week (lower in the BAR group). Stapled anastomoses caused less pronounced inflammation and were associated with an earlier start of regeneration, but the difference was not significant compared to that in the BAR group. Accumulation of new collagen (green polarization) started on day 7 in both groups, but maturation (orange‐red polarization) was significantly more advanced in the BAR group after the second week. A strong linear correlation between the BS and HP rate was found with both methods. There was no significant difference in the complication rate or healing of intrathoracic BAR and stapled anastomoses. The BAR method is simple, quick, and safe; and it seems to be a feasible procedure for creating intrathoracic esophageal anastomoses in dogs.
Acupuncture and arthroscopic acromioplasty
Authors: Gilbertson Barbara , Wenner Karl , Russell Lisa C. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground. Acupuncture alleviates acute and chronic shoulder pain. Yet it has not been determined whether acupuncture is useful following musculoskeletal surgery. Hypothesis: Compared to sham acupuncture, arthroscopic acromioplasty subjects who received real acupuncture would manifest significantly better recovery as demonstrated by: UCLA shoulder scale, improved range of motion, diminished pain, decreased need and duration of analgesic use, and enhanced patient satisfaction.Methods. Forty arthroscopic acromioplasty patients were randomized to real or sham acupuncture. UCLA shoulder scale scores, pain intensity, analgesic use, range of motion, and quality of life were monitored for four months. Data were analyzed with the general linear model ANOVA for repeated measures.Results. Thirty‐five subjects completed the study. Real acupuncture subjects scored significantly better on UCLA shoulder scale (p< 0.000); pain intensity (p< 0.022); self‐reported analgesic use (p< 0.008); angles of abduction (p< 0.046); and in six of eight health status questionnaire components.Conclusions. Following arthroscopic acromioplasty, real acupuncture compared to sham acupuncture offered significantly greater improvement via: (1) lower pain level, (2) less analgesic use, (3) range of motion, and (4) patient satisfaction. © 2003 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Tensile mechanical properties of bovine articular cartilage: Variations with growth and relationships to collagen network components
Authors: Williamson Amanda K. , Chen Albert C. , Masuda Koichi , Thonar Eugene J.‐ M. A. , Sah Robert L. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractOne approach to repairing articular defects is to regenerate cartilage by recapitulating the changes that occur during fetal and postnatal growth into adulthood, and to thereby restore functional biomechanical properties, especially those of the normally strong superficial region. The objectives of this study were (1) to characterize and compare tensile biomechanical properties of the superficial region of articular cartilage of the patellofemoral groove (PFG) and femoral condyle (FC) from bovine animals over a range of growth stages (third‐trimester fetal, 1–3 week‐old calf, and adult), and (2) to determine if these properties were correlated with collagen network components. With growth from the fetus to the adult, the equilibrium and dynamic tensile moduli and strength of cartilage samples increased by an average of 391‐1060%, while the strain at the failure decreased by 43%. The collagen concentration (per wet weight) increased by 98%, and the pyridinoline cross‐link concentration increased by 730%, while the glycosaminoglycan concentration remained unchanged or decreased slightly. Some growth‐associated changes were location‐specific, with tensile moduli and strength attaining higher values in the PFG than the FC. The growth‐associated variation in tensile moduli and strength were associated strongly with variation in the contents of collagen and pyridinoline cross‐link, but not sulfated glycosaminoglycan. The marked changes in the tensile properties and collagen network components of articular cartilage with growth suggest that such parameters may be used to evaluate the degrees to which regenerated cartilage recapitulates normal development and growth. © 2003 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Red cell adenylate kinase deficiency: molecular study of 3 new mutations (118G&gt;A, 190G&gt;A, and GAC deletion) associated with hereditary nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia
Authors: Corrons Joan-Lluis Vives , Garcia Estefania , Tusell Joan J. , Varughese Kottayil I. , West Carol , Beutler Ernest 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe report here 2 patients with chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia (CNSHA) and severe red blood cell (RBC) adenylate kinase (AK) deficiency. One of these patients, a boy of Spanish origin, exhibited a neonatal icterus and splenomegaly and required blood transfusions until the age of 2 years. The other patient was a white, American infant born to parents who were first cousins; he also presented with neonatal icterus and anemia. In neither case was psychomotor impairment observed. The first patient was found to be a compound heterozygote for 2 different missense mutations, 118G&gt;A(Gly40Arg) and 190G&gt;A(Gly64Arg) (cDNA sequence first described by Matsuura et al, 1989). The second patient was homozygous for an in-frame deletion (GAC) from nucleotide (nt) 498 to 500 or nt 501 to 503 of the cDNA sequence, predicting deletion of either aspartic acid (Asp) 140 or 141. The crystal structure of porcine cytosolic AK was used as a molecular model to investigate how these mutations may affect enzyme structure and function. (Blood. 2003;102:353-356)
Depsipeptide (FR901228) induces histone acetylation and inhibition of histone deacetylase in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells concurrent with activation of caspase 8–mediated apoptosis and down-regulation of c-FLIP protein
Authors: Aron Jennifer L. , Parthun Mark R. , Marcucci Guido , Kitada Shinichi , Mone Andrew P. , Davis Melanie E. , Shen Tiansheng , Murphy Timothy , Wickham Joseph , Kanakry Chris , Lucas David M. , Reed John C. , Grever Michael R. , Byrd John C. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractDepsipeptide is in clinical trials for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) on the basis of earlier observations demonstrating selective in vitro activity in CLL. We sought to determine the relationship of histone H3 and H4 acetylation, inhibition of histone deacetylase, and apoptosis observed in CLL cells to justify a pharmacodynamic end point in these clinical trials. We demonstrate that in vitro depsipeptide induces histone H3 and H4 acetylation and histone deacetylase enzyme inhibition at concentrations corresponding to the LC50 (concentration producing 50% cell death) for cultured CLL cells (0.038 μM depsipeptide). The changes in histone acetylation are lysine specific, involving H4 K5, H4 K12, and H3 K9, and to a lesser extent H4 K8, but not H4 K16 or H3 K14. Depsipeptide-induced apoptosis is caspase dependent, selectively involving the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor (extrinsic pathway) initiating caspase 8 and effector caspase 3. Activation of caspase 8 was accompanied by the down-regulation of cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP, I-FLICE) without evidence of Fas (CD95) up-regulation. Changes in other apoptotic proteins, including Bcl-2, Bax, Mcl-1, and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), were not observed. Our results demonstrate a relationship between target enzyme inhibition of histone deacetylase, histone H3 and H4 acetylation, and apoptosis involving the TNF-receptor pathway of apoptosis that is not used by other therapeutic agents in CLL. These data suggest use of histone H3 and H4 acetylation, inhibition of histone deacetylase, and down-regulation of FLIP as pharmacodynamic end points for further evaluation of this drug in patients.
Antisense Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Reverses Activation of p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase in Liver of ob/ob Mice
Authors: Gum Rebecca J. , Gaede Lori L. , Heindel Matthew A. , Waring Jeffrey F. , Trevillyan James M. , Zinker Bradley A. , Stark Margery E. , Wilcox Denise , Jirousek Michael R. , Rondinone Cristina M. , Ulrich Roger G. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractPhosphorylation of stress-activated kinase p38, a MAPK family member, was increased in liver of ob/ob diabetic mice relative to lean littermates. Treatment of ob/ob mice with protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) reduced phosphorylation of p38 in liver—to below lean littermate levels—and normalized plasma glucose while reducing plasma insulin. Phosphorylation of ERK, but not JNK, was also decreased in ASO-treated mice. PTP1B ASO decreased TNFα protein levels and phosphorylation of the transcription factor cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in liver, both of which can occur through decreased phosphorylation of p38 and both of which have been implicated in insulin resistance or hyperglycemia. Decreased p38 phosphorylation was not directly due to decreased phosphorylation of the kinases that normally phosphorylate p38—MKK3 and MKK6. Additionally, p38 phosphorylation was not enhanced in liver upon insulin stimulation of ASO-treated ob/ob mice (despite increased activation of other signaling molecules) corroborating that p38 is not directly affected via the insulin receptor. Instead, decreased phosphorylation of p38 may be due to increased expression of MAPK phosphatases, particularly the p38/ERK phosphatase PAC1 (phosphatase of activated cells). This study demonstrates that reduction of PTP1B protein using ASO reduces activation of p38 and its substrates TNFα and CREB in liver of diabetic mice, which correlates with decreased hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia.
Dechlorination of o-Dichlorobenzene with Various Hydrogen Donors
Authors: Yasuda Kensei , Shinoda Kiyonori 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
o-Dichlorobenzene (o-DCB) was perfectly converted into benzene and hydrogen chloride by dechlorination with cyclohexane at 300 °C over activated carbon-supported palladium(II) chloride and cerium(III) chloride. The long term stability of catalyst was assessed.
Thermoresponsive Hydrogels Based on Biodegradable Poly(amino acid)s
Authors: Tachibana Yoichi , Kurisawa Motoichi , Uyama Hiroshi , Kakuchi Toyoji , Kobayashi Shiro 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Thermoresponsive hydrogels based on biodegradable poly(amino acid)s have been developed by crosslinking of poly(N-(ω-hydroxyalkyl) α/β-asparagine)s with diisocyanate. The poly(amino acid) hydrogels showed a thermoresponsive release of a model drug.
Poisson–Boltzmann Continuum Solvation Models for Nonaqueous Solvents I. 1-Octanol
Authors: Park Insook , Jang Yun Hee , Hwang Sungu , Chung Doo Soo 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
A Poisson–Boltzmann continuum solvation model coupled with ab initio quantum calculation was developed for 1-octanol. It was applied to the calculation of the solvation free energies of various solutes consisting of C, H, and O in 1-octanol and their 1-octanol/water partition coefficients.
Michael Addition of Cyanide to Cyclohex-1-enyliodonium Salts
Authors: Fujita Morifumi , Kim Wan Hyeok , Okuyama Tadashi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Reaction of 4-substituted cyclohex-1-enyliodonium salt with cyanide in chloroform produces three isomeric cyanocyclohexenes, ipso and two cine products. Deuterium labeling experiments showed that the allylic cine product is formed via the Michael addition of cyanide, followed by elimination of the iodonio group and a 1,2-H shift.
Successful chemotherapy in a male patient with malignant lymphoma and Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)
Authors: Zanssen Stefanie , Buse Gerhard 
Published: March 2003

AbstractLeber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a bilateral subacute optic neuropathy caused by hereditary missense mutations of the mitochondrial genome. Primary mutations are located at nucleotide positions 11778, 3460, and 14484 in genes encoding subunits of complex I of the respiratory chain. It has been suggested that degenerative changes in the optic nerve might be mediated by apoptosis. Therefore, we hypothesized that patients affected with LHON might show altered sensitivity to cytotoxic drugs. Here we report the case of a LHON patient carrying the 11778 mutation who required chemotherapy for malignant lymphoma. Using in vitro assays, we found that the patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells did not show altered vulnerability to cytotoxic drugs. The patient was treated with combination chemotherapy and consolidating radiotherapy, leading to complete remission without inappropriately severe acute or chronic side effects. These data indicate that the 11778 mutation does not change cellular response to cytotoxic drugs in a clinically apparent manner. Am. J. Hematol. 72:263–266, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gene profiling in spinal cord injury shows role of cell cycle in neuronal death
Authors: Di Giovanni Simone , Knoblach Susan M. , Brandoli Cinzia , Aden Sadia A. , Hoffman Eric P. , Faden Alan I. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractSpinal cord injury causes secondary biochemical changes leading to neuronal cell death. To clarify the molecular basis of this delayed injury, we subjected rats to spinal cord injury and identified gene expression patterns by high‐density oligonucleotide arrays (8,800 genes studied) at 30 minutes, 4 hours, 24 hours, or 7 days after injury (total of 26 U34A profiles). Detailed analyses were limited to 4,300 genes consistently expressed above background. Temporal clustering showed rapid expression of immediate early genes (30 minutes), followed by genes associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and cell cycle (4 and 24 hours). Functional clustering showed a novel pattern of cell cycle mRNAs at 4 and 24 hours after trauma. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction verified mRNA changes in this group, which included gadd45a, c‐myc, cyclin D1 and cdk4, pcna, cyclin G, Rb, and E2F5. Changes in their protein products were quantified by Western blot, and cell‐specific expression was determined by immunocytochemistry. Cell cycle proteins showed an increased expression 24 hours after injury and were, in part, colocalized in neurons showing morphological evidence of apoptosis. These findings suggest that cell cycle–related genes, induced after spinal cord injury, are involved in neuronal damage and subsequent cell death. Ann Neurol 2003
Continuous growth of mean tumor diameter in a subset of grade II gliomas
Authors: Mandonnet Emmanuel , Delattre Jean‐Yves , Tanguy Marie‐Laure , Swanson Kristin R. , Carpentier Antoine F. , Duffau Hugues , Cornu Philippe , Van Effenterre Rémy , Alvord Ellsworth C. , Capelle Laurent 
Published: March 2003

AbstractSerial magnetic resonance images of 27 patients with untreated World Health Organization grade II oligodendrogliomas or mixed gliomas were reviewed retrospectively to study the kinetics of tumor growth before anaplastic transformation. Analysis of the mean tumor diameters over time showed constant growth. Linear regression, using a mixed model, found an average slope of 4.1mm per year (95% confidence interval, 3.8–4.4mm/year). Untreated low‐grade oligodendrogliomas or mixed gliomas grow continuously during their premalignant phase, and their pattern of growth can be predicted within a relatively narrow range. These findings could be of interest to optimize patients management and follow‐up. Ann Neurol 2003;53:524–528
Age‐dependent changes in the ability to encode a novel elementary motor memory
Authors: Sawaki Lumy , Yaseen Zaneb , Kopylev Leonid , Cohen Leonardo G. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn healthy individuals, motor training elicits cortical plasticity that encodes the kinematic details of the practiced movements and is thought to underlie recovery of function after stroke. The influence of age on this form of plasticity is incompletely understood. We studied 55 healthy subjects and identified a substantial decrease in training‐dependent plasticity as a function of age in the absence of differences in training kinematics. These results suggest that the ability of the healthy aging motor cortex to reorganize in response to training decreases with age. Ann Neurol 2003;53:521–524
Synthesis, Structure, and Antibacterial Activity of 4‐Imino‐1, 4‐dihydrocinnoline‐3‐carboxylic Acid and 4‐Oxo‐1, 4‐dihydrocinnoline‐3‐carboxylic Acid Derivatives as Isosteric Analogues of Quinolones
Authors: Stańczak Andrzej , Ochocki Zbigniew , Martynowski Dariusz , Główka Marek , Nawrot Ewa 
Published: March 2003

AbstractChemical modification of cinnoxacin was studied with the aim of improving its antibacterial activity and spectrum. A series of 4‐imino‐1, 4‐dihydrocinnoline‐3‐carboxylic acid derivatives was synthesized and their in vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated. These derivatives were designed as isosteric analogues of fluoroquinolones and are characterized by the presence of an imine group instead of an oxo group at the 4‐position and a nitrogen atom in position 2. The crystal structure of one analogue determined by X‐ray diffraction shows the dipolar formof the compound in the solid state. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria was examined. The MIC of the most active compounds lies in the range of the first generation of quinolones such as nalidixic acid. The compounds with dichlorobenzyl substituent show enhanced activity against Gram‐positive bacteria.
Comparative enantiocontrol with allyl phenyldiazoacetates in asymmetric catalytic intramolecular cyclopropanation
Authors: Doyle Michael P. , Hu Wenhao , Weathers Thomas M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractDirhodium(II) azetidinone‐carboxylates are effective asymmetric catalysts for diazo decomposition of allyl diazoacetates and their subsequent intramolecular cyclopropanations. The effect of alkene substituents on enantiocontrol has been examined and modest selectivities have been achieved. Steric influences from substituents on the diazo carbon are seen to diminish enantioselectivities. Chirality 15:369–373, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.