bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sourcing aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Jinga Shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis) muscle tissues and surface sediments (Study case: Northwest Persian Gulf)
Authors: Monjezi Shaghayegh Davodi , Bakhtiari Alireza Riyahi , Alavi-Yeganeh Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Persian Gulf, known for its abundant oil and gas reserves, faces significant contamination from hydrocarbon compounds originating from industrial activities. This study focused on investigating the distribution and source of aliphatic (AHs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the surface sediments of the Northwestern Persian Gulf and the muscle tissues of Jinga Shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis), one of the most commercially exploited aquatic species. The methodology involved sampling Jinga Shrimp in November 2018 from four important fishing areas in Behrgan and Khormousi Estuary: Imam Khomeini Port (S1), Mahshahr Port (S2), Sejafi (S3), and Behrgan Wharf (S4). After determining the sex of the shrimps, male samples were selected for analysis, and a total of 28 samples were collected. Additionally, sediment samples were collected from the same locations. The pollutants in the samples were quantified using laboratory procedures. The results revealed that the average concentration of aliphatic compounds in Jinga Shrimp was 4800.32 (µg g − 1 DW), while sediment samples showed an estimated value of 2496.69 (µg g − 1 DW). By analyzing the hydrocarbon components, the average concentration of EPA Priority List (PAH-16) and measured PAHs (PAH-29) in Jinga Shrimp were in the ranges of 1095.8 to 2698.3 (ng g − 1 DW) and in sediments were 653.6 to 1019.5 (ng g − 1 DW), respectively. The higher concentration of AHs and PAHs in Jinga Shrimp compared to sediments indicated the petrogenic source of these compounds. The predominant PAHs in both shrimp and sediment samples were the compounds with low molecular weight (LMW). Moreover, the aliphatic composition profiles in shrimps were similar to those in sediments, portraying a gradient of even-to-odd carbon dominance. The study found a positive and direct correlation between hydrocarbon concentrations in both shrimp and sediment samples and the corresponding aliphatics, PAH-16, and PAH-29 groups, affirming the potential of the Jinga Shrimp as an indicator of hydrocarbon pollution.
Morphological Spatial Clustering of High-density Central Areas and Their Coupling Relationship with Thermal Environment——A Case Study of the Wuyi Road Hatchback in Changsha
Authors: Su Xijing , Liu Luyun , Yi Pei , Chen Cunyou , Zhang Minhuan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Intense urban development and high urban density cause the thermal environment in urban centers to deteriorate continuously, affecting the living environment quality. In this study, 707.49 hectares of land in the central area of Changsha were divided into 121 plots. 11 microclimate-related morphological indicators were comprehensively selected, and the K-means method was used to cluster the plots. Then, the relationship between morphological clusters and the thermal environment was explored by simulating the thermal environment of the study area using Envi-met. First, five spatial types were found to characterize the area: High-rise-High-volume-Low-density-Low-green; Middle-rise-High-volume-High-density-Low-green; Low-rise-Low-volume-High-green; Medium-volume-High-density-Low-green; and Low-rise-Low-volume-Low-density-High-green. Second, the Sky View Factor, the Area-weighted Building Shape Index, the Building Windward-surface Density, the Building Density, and the Building Average Volume significantly affect the thermal environment. Third, Cluster 3 had the highest average air temperature (Ta), followed by Clusters 2 and 1, and Clusters 4 and 5 had relatively low Ta. The spatial vitality index and building otherness in Cluster 1; the area-weighted building shape index and average building volume in Cluster 2; green space coverage in Cluster 3; floor area ratio in Cluster 4; spatial vitality index, building average volume, and height in Cluster 5 had greater influences on Ta. Fourthly, simply increasing the area of green space cannot maximize the cooling effect of green spaces. Instead, constructing an equalized greening network can better regulate the thermal environment. Fifthly, the results provides a scientific basis for the design and the regulation of urban centers.
Increase of anthropogenic NOx emissions stimulate the productivity on global ocean deserts
Authors: Chen Fajin , Lao Qibin , Li Hongliang , Yan Jinpei , Huang Peng , Jin Guangzhe , He Guirong , Chen Chunqing , Zhu Qingmei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The decline in ocean productivity has become a consensus due to the weakening vertical supply of nutrients to the upper ocean under global warming. However, ocean productivity in the subtropical gyres, regarded as ocean deserts, has increased over the past few decades. We speculated that the continuous increase in anthropogenic NOx emissions is the key factor for such an inconsistent trend. Herein, aerosol nitrate dual isotopes covering the global oceans were analysed and we found that nitrate concentrations in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) are nearly twice higher than in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) due to intensive human activities in the NH. Although atmospheric nitrate deposition only accounts for 2.1% of nitrate inventory in the global upper ocean, its contribution is up to 31.5% in the subtropical gyres, with much higher contribution in the NH (over 50%), indicating the significant contribution of atmospheric deposition to the ocean productivity in these regions.
Development of a method for Making Optimal Decisions for Intervention Flexibility during Implementation (MODIFI): A modified Delphi study
Authors: Brewer Stephanie K , Corbin Catherine M , Baumann Ana A , Stirman Shannon Wiltsey , Jones Janine M , Pullmann Michael D , Lyon Aaron R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background. Intervention adaptation is often necessary to improve the fit between evidence-based practices/programs and implementation contexts. Existing frameworks describe intervention adaptation processes but do not provide detailed steps for prospectively designing adaptations, are designed for researchers, and require substantial time and resources to complete. A pragmatic approach to guide implementers through developing and assessing adaptations in local contexts is needed. The goal of this project was to develop Making Optimal Decisions for Intervention Flexibility during Implementation (MODIFI), a method for intervention adaptation that leverages human centered design methods and is tailored to the needs of intervention implementers working in applied settings with limited time and resources.
Method. MODIFI was iteratively developed via a mixed-methods modified Delphi process. Feedback was collected from 43 implementation research and practice experts. Two rounds of data collection gathered quantitative ratings of acceptability (Round 1) and feasibility (Round 2), as well as qualitative feedback regarding MODIFI revisions analyzed using conventional content analysis.
Results. In Round 1, most participants rated all proposed components as essential but identified important avenues for revision which were incorporated into MODIFI prior to Round 2. Round 2 emphasized feasibility, where ratings were generally high and fewer substantive revisions were recommended. Round 2 changes largely surrounded operationalization of terms/processes and sequencing of content. Results include a detailed presentation of the final version of the three-step MODIFI method (Step 1: Learn about the users, local context, and intervention; Step 2: Adapt the intervention; Step 3: Evaluate the adaptation) along with a case example of its application.
Discussion. MODIFI is a pragmatic method that was developed to extend the contributions of other research-based adaptation theories, models, and frameworks while integrating methods that are tailored to the needs of intervention implementers. Guiding teams to tailor evidence-based interventions to their local context may extend for whom, where, and under what conditions an intervention can be effective.
Mechanism and Deterioration Pattern of Sandstone Surrounding Rock Voiding at Bottom of Heavy- Haul Railway Tunnel
Authors: Li Zi-qiang , Yang Shi-jian , Feng Jian-wen , Zhang Hang , Huang wei-wei , Li Zheng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

This study combines laboratory experiments and discrete element simulation methods to analyze the mechanism and deterioration patterns of sandstone surrounding rock voiding the bottom of a heavy-haul railway tunnel. It is based on previously acquired measurement data from optical fiber grating sensors installed in the Taihangshan Mountain Tunnel of the Wari Railway. By incorporating rock particle wastage rate results, a method for calculating the peak strength and elastic modulus attenuation of surrounding rock is proposed. Research indicates that the operation of heavy-haul trains leads to an instantaneous increase in the dynamic water pressure on the bottom rock ranging 144.4–390.0%, resulting in high-speed water flow eroding the rock. After 1–2 years of operation, the bottom water and soil pressures increase by 526.5% and 390.0%, respectively. Focusing on sandstone surrounding rock with high observability, laboratory experiments were conducted to monitor the degradation stages of infiltration, particle loss, and voiding of rock under the action of dynamic water flow. The impact of water flow on the “cone-shaped” bottom rock deformation was also clarified. The extent of rock deterioration and voiding was determined using miniature water and soil pressure sensors in conjunction with discrete element numerical simulations. The measured rock particle loss was used as a criterion. Finally, a fitting approach is derived to calculate the peak strength and elastic modulus attenuation of surrounding rock, gaining insight into and providing a reference for the maintenance and disposal measures for the bottom operation of heavy-haul railway tunnels.
Clinical application of real-time continuous glucose monitoring system during perioperative enteral nutrition therapy in esophageal cancer patients
Authors: Hu Xiaolei , Zhang Ranran , Wu Ying , Xv Rui , Wang Wei , Zhang Lei , Wang Ansheng , Li Min , Jiang Wei , Jin Guoxi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:
The degree of blood glucose fluctuation between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia during the perioperative period affects the recovery and prognosis of patients. Enteral nutrition (EN) support therapy can cause dramatic fluctuation of blood glucose, especially, the risk of hyperglycemia and death is higher in non-diabetic patients treated with EN. The aim of this study is to explore the clinical value of real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rt-CGM) system in blood glucose monitoring during perioperative enteral nutrition support therapy in patients with esophageal cancer.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Non-diabetic esophageal cancer patients who planned to receive postoperative enteral nutrition were enrolled. With self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) value as the reference blood glucose, the accuracy of rt-CGM was evaluated by MARD value, correlation analysis, consistency analysis and Parkes and Clark error grid plot. Finally, paired t-tests were used to compare the differences in glycemic fluctuations between EN and non-EN days and slow and fast days.
RESULTS: The total MARD value of rt-CGM system was 13.53%. There was a high correlation between interstitial glucose (IG) and fingertip capillary blood glucose (BG) (r = 0.925, P < 0.001). The proportion of consistency analysis of 15/15%, 20/20% and 30/30% was 58.45%, 84.71% and 99.65%, respectively. Parkes and Clark error grid showed that the proportion of A + B region was 100% and 99.94%, respectively. The fluctuation of blood glucose on EN days than non-EN days and on fast days than slow days was large, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: rt-CGM achieved clinical accuracy and can be used as a new option for glucose monitoring during perioperative EN therapy. The magnitude of glucose fluctuation during EN therapy remains large even in the perioperative population without a history of diabetes mellitus.
Theoretical perspective on the electronic, magnetic and thermodynamic properties of T-graphene: the tight-binding approach
Authors: Norian Erfan , Abdi Mona , Astinchap Bandar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

T-graphene has four atoms in its unit cell and is a member of the graphene allotrope family. In this essay, our computations were done using the tight-binding approach and in the presence of an external magnetic field. Also, the Density of states (DOS), electronic heat capacity, and Pauli susceptibility of T-graphene monolayer under the influence of parameters such as external magnetic field, temperature, and strain have been studied with the help of Green's function model. The evaluation results on the band structure of T-graphene indicate that energy levels lower than the Fermi level of this material reflect the nature of superconductivity. On the other hand, the metallic property is evident in the DOS and band structure for the T-graphene monolayer. Observations of the electronic heat capacity's temperature dependence illustrate variable states, showing an increase under external magnetic field and tensile biaxial strain and a decrease under compressive biaxial strain. On the other hand, studies on the Pauli susceptibility under the control of different parameters show the paramagnetic property of the T-graphene monolayer.
Traditional Knowledge of Halophytic Species in Coastal Provinces of Vietnam
Authors: Toan Vu , Vien Phuong Ta Diep , Dang Tuong Vu , Ha Thi Thanh Doan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Present study aims to document the traditional knowledge and the distribution of diverse halophytes used by the coastal community of Vietnam to compensate for the food, fodder, and medicine demands. The information was gathered from the local people, plant traders, and herbalists using semi-structured questionnaire. The survey indicated the ethnobotanical uses of 11 plant species from 8 families in the targeted area. 60% of studied plants were used in more than 2 different ways in which the majority of halophytic species possessed medicinal values, followed by being culinary, fodder, roof thatching, handicraft, and growing medium. The main diseases in the regions were joint and stomach pain. According to the mode of preparation, decoction form was the predominance with 64% over all modes. Base on the result, Cocos nucifera L., Portulaca oleracea L., and Suaeda maritima (L.) Dumort. had the highest appearance frequency of 17%. In addition, seashore was the most prevalent location of halophytes in which it was the inhabit of 5 out of 11 species. The predominant habit recorded was herbs, followed by shrubs, trees, and vines.
Causal associations between socioeconomic status and Alzheimer’s disease: a Mendelian randomization and Mediation Analysis
Authors: Geng Chaofan , Meng Ke , Tang Yi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background and Objectives: Observational studies have shown that socio-economic status (SES) is strongly associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the biological mechanisms underpinning this association remain unclear. Therefore, using a Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach, the aim was to explore the causal relationship between SES and genetic susceptibility to dementia.
Methods: Large-scale cohorts based on publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets from European populations were employed for conducting the MR study. The primary criterion utilized was the inverse-variance weighting (IVW) model. Heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were assessed. Multivariate MR (MVMR) was utilized to correct the confounders. Moreover, a two-step MR approach was used to evaluate the potential mediating effects of factors on the causal effects between SES and AD.
Results: As indicated by the results of the IVW model, educational years (OR=0.708,95%CI：0.610-0.821, P<0.001) and household income (OR=0.746,95%CI：0.566-0.982， P=0.037) was associated with a decreased genetic susceptibility risk for AD. The univariable results showed that the causal effect of educational years on the lower risk of AD remained significant (OR=0.643,95%CI: 0.467-0.886, P=0.006). Additionally, our findings indicated that C-reactive protein (CRP) played a role in the causal effect of educational years on AD. The proportions of mediation were -50.08% (95%CI: -92.78; -7.38%).
Discussion: This MR study provided evidence supporting the causal effect of educational attainment lower AD risk, with CRP playing a mediating role. These findings may inform prevention strategies and interventions directed toward AD.
Sex-specific association of maternal glycaemia with the preschooler cognitive development in a prospective cohort study: “the higher the worse?”
Authors: gan hong , Tong juan , Li huijuan , Yan shuangqin , Weng Tingting , Liu Wenwen , Huang Kun , Wu Xiaoyan , Tao Shuman , Gao Hui , Zhu Beibei , Tao Fangbiao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective: To estimate the association of maternal FPG and x-hPG in different periods of pregnancy as continuum with preschooler’s intellectual development, and explored more deeply whether these associations differ between sex and GDM status.
Methods: This study was based on 2,157 mother-offspring dyads from the Ma’anshan birth cohort (MABC) study. Multivariate linear and logistic regression were used to explore the association between maternal glycaemia and preschoolers’ intelligent development. In addition, stratified analyses according to fetus's sex and GDM status were performed.
Results: After adjusting for covariates, we found that for each 1 mmol/L increase in 1-hPG, 2-hPG, AUC concentration during the second trimester, the scores of FSIQ in preschoolers increased by 0.341 (95%CI: 0.058, 0.624), 0.416 (95%CI: 0.041, 0.792), 0.258 (95%CI: 0.042, 0.474) points, respectively. When stratified by the GDM status and fetus’s sex, the positive associations were only observed in the non-GDM group [OR(95%CI)= 0.702(0.085, 1.318); 0.610 (0.080, 1.139); 0.341(0.032, 0.651)], and among girls, 1 mmol/L increments of 1-hPG and AUC concentration was found to be associated with 22% and 19% lower odds of intelligence development retardation (95% CI: 0.623, 0.974; 95% CI: 0.678, 0.973).
Conclusions: Our study found trimester-, GDM status-, and sex-specific positive associations between maternal glycaemia with preschoolers’ cognition development, which suggested that higher normal maternal glycaemia levels may benefit offspring’s cognitive development. Our finding implies the clinical importance of revisiting the concept of “the higher maternal glycaemic the worse cognitive development” and further exploration of sex-specific mechanisms of maternal glycaemic on fetus brain development.
RETRACTED: Improved dissolution and pharmacokinetics of insufficiently water-soluble canagliflozin in solid dispersions with gelucire 50/13 as a drug carrier
Authors: Deshmukh Rutuja , Deshmane Subhash Vishwanath , Sawant Atish , Deshmane Snehal , Jain Shirish 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Heterogeneous environmental regulation, R&amp;D investment and enterprise green total factor productivity: An empirical test based on dynamic panel threshold model
Authors: Liu Lu , Ren Rong , Cui Kaiyuan , Song Lei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Chinese manufacturing enterprises are not only the main body to promote the high-quality development of China’s economy but also the main body of carbon emissions. However, there exists two completely different conclusions both in theoretical and empirical studies which are “Follow Cost” and “Porter Hypothesis”. Based on the panel data of 1220 Chinese manufacturing listed companies from 2011 to 2020, this paper uses threshold regression model to examine the impact of heterogeneous environmental regulation on Chinese manufacturing enterprise Green Total Factor Productivity. The empirical results show that: (1) Command-controlled, market-incentive and voluntary-agreement environmental regulation all have a significant nonlinear impact on enterprise Green Total Factor Productivity. (2) Enterprise R&D investment plays a threshold role in the impact. (3) There are industry and equity type differences in the impact process. The research findings are not only conducive for government to propose appropriate environmental regulation policies, but also valuable for enterprises to achieve green growth through its heterogeneous R&D investment.
Effect of Statin use on Patients with Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ding Ping , Chu Zhaohan , Xu Zili , Mu Qingqing , Xu Dong , Guo Xiaofeng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
This meta-analysis focused on the effects of statin use (either alone or in combination with antihypertensive drugs) on hypertension-related outcome measures, including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), low-density lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, TG and total cholesterol.
Methods
We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases before October1 2023.Studies designed as cohort study or randomized controlled trials and investigating the effects of statin use or combined with antihypertensive therapy versus no statin use or antihypertensive therapy alone were included. Authors extracted the data independently; differences were decided to discussion. we use random-effects models to evaluate the merged outcomes. Due to the high heterogeneity of HDL-C group, we performed subgroup analysis according to the type of statin. We use sensitivity analysis, Egger’s test and Funnel plots to evaluate the stability and publication bias of our study.
Results
23 trials were included in this meta-analysis. The primary outcomes revealed that (1) administering statins did not significantly impact the SBP of hypertensive patients (MD,-1.77; 95% CI, -4.82 to 1.27). Subgroup analyses revealed a decrease in SBP in patients who received rosuvastatin (MD,-1.70; 95% CI,-2.75 to -0.65) and pravastatin (MD,-8.00; 95% CI,-10.79 to -5.21); (2) no significant effect of statin treatment on DBP in hypertensive patients (MD,-2.04; 95% CI,-4.11 to 0.02). However, subgroup analyses suggest that simvastatin (MD,-2.49; 95% CI, -4.91 to -0.07) and pravastatin (MD,-5.00; 95% CI, -6.60 to -3.40) significantly reduced DBP in hypertensive patients. The secondary outcomes revealed that (1) the use of statins resulted in a significant reduction in LDL-C in hypertensive patients (MD, -0.95; 95% CI, -1.32 to -0.65), while significantly increasing HDL-C (MD, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.64); (2) statins were shown to significantly reduce TG levels in hypertensive patients (MD -0.14, 95% CI -0.23 to -0.05); (3) statins significantly reduced total cholesterol in those hypertensive patients (MD, -1.75; 95% CI, -2.66 to -0.83); (4) statins significantly reduced the incidence of cardiovascular events (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.85) and mortality (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.60).
Conclusion
Statin use did not modulate SBP and DBP of patients with hypertension, but SBP was decreased in rosuvastatin or pravastatin subgroup and DBP was decreased in simvastatin or pravastatin subgroup. Statin treatment reduced LDL-C, increased HDL-C, reduced TG and total cholesterol, reduced the incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality compared to control groups.