bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When is the best time and grade to start ruxolitinib in corticosteroid‐refractory acute graft‐versus‐host‐disease: A multi‐center research
Authors: Ren Jinhua , Lin Kangni , Xu Jingjing , Lu Quanyi , Luo Yiming , Lin Congmeng , Lu Jingyuan , Weng Yingxi , Zhang Yu , Chen Zhizhe , Gale Robert Peter , Hu Jianda , Yang Ting 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveRuxolitinib was recently approved to treat corticosteroid‐resistant acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD). However, it is unknown as to whether starting ruxolitinib at a lower versus higher acute GvHD grade or earlier versus later affected outcomes. This study identified the impact of starting acute GvHD grade and start time after declaring corticosteroid resistance and the effect on complete and overall response rates to ruxolitinib therapy.MethodsRetrospective, observational multi‐center study. We divided cohorts into starting ruxolitinib ≤ 7 days (N = 45) versus at > 7 days after declaring corticosteroid resistance (N = 24).ResultsIn ≤ 7 days cohort complete response (CR) rates at day 28 were 69% (54, 81%) versus 25% (11, 47%; p = .001) in > 7 days cohort, and overall response (OR) rates were 91% (78, 96%) versus 80% (48, 92%; p = .25).ConclusionsOur data suggest that starting ruxolitinib in ≤ 7 days of declaring corticosteroid failure regardless of G vHD grade improves complete response rate but not OR rates. Starting ruxolitinib at grade I and within 7 days may get a more significant response.
Developing a mechanistic translational PK/PD model for a trifunctional NK cell engager to predict the first‐in‐human dose for acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Choi Siak‐Leng , Valente Delphine , Virone‐Oddos Angela , Mauriac Christine 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNatural killer cell engagers (NKCEs), a treatment that stimulates innate immunity, have lately gained attention owing to their favorable safety profile, and their efficacy. Natural killer (NK) cell activation is driven by immune synapse formation between drugs, NK cells, and tumor cells. However, no clear translational modeling approach has been reported for first‐in‐human (FIH) dose estimation of humanized NKCEs. We developed the first translational mechanistic synapse‐driven pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model for a trifunctional NKp46/CD16a‐CD123 (CD123‐NKCE) by integrating (i) in vitro target cell cytotoxicity in MOLM‐13 tumor cell lines at varying effector‐to‐tumor cell ratios and incubation intervals; (ii) nonhuman primate PK and profiles of CD123+ cells and NKP46+ NK cells; and (iii) healthy human or patients with acute myeloid leukemia system‐specific parameters. To depict direct tumor cell killing by the innate immunity, no transit compartment was included in PK/PD model structures. Model predictions suggested an intrapatient dose escalation of 10/30/100 μg/kg twice weekly to be selected as the starting dose in the FIH trial. However, sensitivity analyses revealed that CD123+ cell growth rate constant and maximal tumor killing rate constant were the key uncertainties to the recommended active dose. This novel translational model structure can be used as the basis to predict clinical PK/PD data for CD123‐NKCE, and the translational strategy may serve as a foundation for future advancements of NKCEs.
Climate change alters global invasion vulnerability among ecoregions
Authors: Hubbard Justin A. G. , Drake D. Andrew R. , Mandrak Nicholas E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimWe assess climate similarity among global freshwater and terrestrial ecoregions under historical and future climate scenarios to determine where climate change will impact the climate filter of invasion process.LocationGlobal.MethodsWe used the Climatch algorithm to conduct a climate‐match analysis to quantify the climate similarity between freshwater and terrestrial ecoregions of the world. Climate match was modelled between all freshwater and terrestrial ecoregions. The analysis was conducted under historical climates and projected climates of 2081–2100 (2090) under three shared socioeconomic pathways SSP2‐4.5, SSP3‐7.0, SSP5‐8.5. Climate matches of each ecoregion were presented as mean climate match to all other ecoregions of the same set. Friedman's non‐parametric rank sum two‐way analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to examine differences in mean climate match between climate scenarios.ResultsMean climate match of ecoregions was projected to increase significantly with small effect sizes for freshwater ecoregions (recipients: 0.132; sources: 0.105), and moderate and small effect sizes for terrestrial ecoregions (recipients: 0.330; sources: 0.259). Climate change was predicted to increase mean climate match in North America and Eurasia, particularly in the Arctic by 2090 under each SSP. Ecoregions in central Africa and South America were predicted to have reduced mean climate match. Ecoregions within larger countries (e.g. Australia, Canada, USA) showed variation in mean climate match.Main ConclusionClimate change projections of bioclimatic predictors of species invasions were shown to increase in homogeneity under higher emissions scenarios. Furthermore, we demonstrate how climate change will provide opportunities for invasive species transported among ecoregions to survive under new conditions and identify where the climate filter of the invasion process will be most affected. Findings can be used to inform conservation actions for mitigating the impacts of introduced species by identifying potential risky source regions of future freshwater and terrestrial invasions under climate change.
Diversity of endemic cold‐water amphipods threatened by climate warming in northwestern China
Authors: Huang Mengyi , Liu Hongguang , Tong Yan , Li Shuqiang , Hou Zhonge 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimClimate change threatens freshwater faunal diversity. To prioritize areas for conservation, patterns in the distribution of species must be understood. We apply genetic analysis and species distribution models to identify patterns in the distribution of freshwater amphipods around Xinjiang, China, and project the impact of climate change on endemic species.LocationXinjiang, China.MethodsA time‐calibrated tree containing 37 freshwater amphipod molecular samples from Xinjiang is built to calculate phylogenetic diversity (PD), the standardized effect sizes of PD, weighted endemism, and phylogenetic endemism, in 100 × 100 km grid cells. Niche differentiation among species in an area of high phylogenetic endemism is explored using n‐dimensional hypervolumes and principal components analyses. Present‐day and projected future suitability of habitat of endemic freshwater amphipod species is described using species distribution models.ResultsAreas of high freshwater amphipod diversity occur along the western boundary of Xinjiang; Areas north of Irtysh River, Tian Shan mountains, and the eastern margin of Pamir, have high phylogenetic endemism. Seasonal temperature and average annual water temperature contribute most to niche differentiation between geographically related freshwater species, negatively affect the projected distributions of endemic amphipods, and with continued warming, reduce future range distributions or latitudinal shifts of species.Main ConclusionsHigh freshwater amphipod phylogenetic endemism occurs in Xinjiang. Environmental factors are responsible for niche differentiation of endemic species. Future climate change will substantially affect the geographic distributions of endemic amphipods. Conservation efforts should be prioritized in areas with highly concentrated phylogenetic endemism.
Cost vs. Value + Empathy: A New Formula for Frugal Science
Authors: Ahuja Simone 
Published: November 2023

Leverage creativity, ingenuity, and focus to make something work, to make it better, to make it more accessible. Create something new and valuable with even severely limited resources. Isn't this a core tenet of good design? Welcome to jugaad innovation.A scientist's vision and a $1 origami‐based microscope could revolutionize STEM education and healthcare across the globe.
Problem‐Posing Dialectic Revisited: Freire Between Critical Philosophy and Psychoanalysis
Authors: Armonda Alex J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExamining the still underexplored elements in educational theorist Paulo Freire's work, this essay begins from his claim that problem‐posing pedagogy works as a “kind of psychoanalysis.” Situating Freire between the critical philosophical and psychoanalytic traditions, Alex Armonda offers a new reading of the problem‐posing dialectic, mapping parallels between Freirean pedagogy and psychoanalysis on the nature of the subject/object relation, while thinking new connections across the philosophical‐analytical divide on questions of being, subjectivity, and politics. First, he discusses the onto‐epistemic specificity of “the human” in Freire and situates it in relation to the split subject of the unconscious in Lacanian psychoanalysis. Second, he presents the subject/object encounter in Freire, demonstrating that a similar notion of the unconscious informs Freire's account and plays a central role in his understanding of the banking and problem‐posing pedagogical experiences. Advancing a Lacanian reading of the problem‐posing encounter, Armonda concludes by reflecting on key differences between the dialectical‐materialist and psychoanalytical interpretations of Freire, and how the latter opens new perspectives on “reality” as an inconsistent space of contest, generating alternative ways of conceiving political subjectivity and the possibility of radical social transformation in the present.
Nietzsche's Untimely Prophecy: Online Exemplars and Self‐Cultivation
Authors: Dennis Matthew J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDigital technologies are changing our understanding of ethical emulation. In this article, Matthew Dennis proposes that some social media technologies have given rise to a strikingly new set of ethical ideals, often concerned with the ideal of self‐cultivation. While there is relatively little philosophical discussion of these kinds of ideals, Dennis suggests that scrutiny of Friedrich Nietzsche's ethical philosophy offers a guiding account of why the ideal of self‐directed character change is important. He concludes by speculating on how the digital affordances of social media technologies will change the way in which ethical exemplars influence future generations.
Translating discovery science: Delivering online, asynchronous financial education to service members at career and personal life transitions
Authors: O'Neal Catherine Walker , Lucier‐Greer Mallory , Peterson Clairee , McKay Brian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveGrounded in the Kirkpatrick and Kirkpatrick model of evaluation, we examine multiple dimensions of military service members' reactions to six online, asynchronous financial family life education efforts.BackgroundUsing a “just‐in‐time” training model, financial literacy trainings that correspond to key family and career transitions were congressionally mandated for all service members. Program evaluation efforts are ongoing to assess training merit and inform training improvements.MethodThe six specific trainings evaluated occurred when service members were relocating, returning from deployment, receiving a promotion, getting married, getting divorced, and the birth of a first child. We explored various dimensions of training reactions, including training topics that were perceived as most beneficial at certain life stages or transitions; the perceptions of the trainings' quality, relevance, and impact; and finally, the likelihood of them sharing that information with their significant other. Data were collected between July 2021 and June 2023.ResultsOverall, service members perceived the trainings as high quality, relevant, and impactful, and most service members were likely to share the information with their spouse. Some differences were seen by demographic groups, such that trainees who were enlisted (compared to officers), identified as African American (compared to White), and had a high school diploma or associate's degree (compared to a more advanced degree) typically reported more favorable reactions.Conclusion and ImplicationsActionable strategies are provided to support service members and inform the development and evaluation of other family life education programs, particularly online, asynchronous training and financial‐focused training.
Addressing caregiver needs of brain injury survivors through telehealth: A pilot qualitative study
Authors: Roberson C. Jean , Hagues Rachel , White Bethany , Robbins David 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study sought to identify effective means for delivering services to address the unique needs of caregivers for traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors.BackgroundCaregivers for TBI survivors face unique and intense challenges, including deep isolation. When these caregivers fail to thrive, the entire family system suffers.MethodEmploying a pilot study utilizing qualitative methods, we explored the effectiveness of an intervention piloting telehealth counseling to address some of the unique caregiving challenges for the TBI survivor's caregiver. We conducted two focus groups of four participants to obtain qualitative data.ResultsQualitative analysis identified key themes: isolation, boundary issues, challenges of therapy, and the benefits of telehealth counseling.ConclusionsResults indicate an improvement in overall functioning of caregivers when accessing telehealth services.ImplicationsOn a micro level, results demonstrate that telehealth services can help TBI caregivers prevent boundary enmeshment. On a macro level, results have implications for increased investment and resources for those who serve the TBI population through an online format as well as proposed best practices for the method of service delivery.
Growing intercultural speakers in novice Italian: A virtual versus face‐to‐face comparison
Authors: Stahl Aletha , Babic Williams Tatjana , Jin Lan , Koch Jane 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntercultural competence (IC) has been identified as a crucial outcome of world language education. The purpose of the study is to compare possible differences in IC development between face‐to‐face and asynchronous virtual modes of delivery that were taken as emergency measures early in the COVID‐19 pandemic for a beginning Italian course with 18‐ to 22‐year‐old students. The American Association of Colleges & Universities Intercultural Knowledge and Competence Valid Assessment of Learning in Undergraduate Education Rubric serves as a theoretical framework to determine learning outcomes and guide qualitative assessment. Applying a mixed‐methods approach, the study collects quantitative data using the Intercultural Knowledge and Competence Short Scale and qualitative data from student reflection assignments for both face‐to‐face (2019) and asynchronous virtual (2020) courses. A comparison of IC development between the two cohorts shows similar achievement of intercultural learning in both modes. Implications for IC development in language classrooms are discussed.
Responses to desiccation vary among populations of an endemic freshwater isopod,Paramphisopus palustris
Authors: Emery‐Butcher H. E. , Beatty S. J. , Robson B. J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIsopods play many important roles within freshwater ecosystems (including as shredders, prey, and detritivores), yet we know little about their responses to disturbance or whether they vary among populations. In a region undergoing severe climatic drying that is changing hydrological regimes in wetlands, we compared responses to drying (including survival) among populations of an endemic isopodParamphisopus palustris(Amphisopidae).The survival of individuals from four isopod populations (two each from seasonal and semi‐perennial wetlands) were tested in a drying experiment with three treatments: control (permanently inundated), saturated sediment (water level maintained equal with the sediment surface), and dry (microcosms gradually raised out of the water causing sediments to dry out). Microrefuge use (three levels: no response, sought shelter or sought shelter/burrowed) was also compared among populations.As expected, isopod mortality was highest in the dry treatment for all populations. Unexpectedly, isopods from the two semi‐perennial wetlands showed higher survival in response to drying than those from seasonal wetlands. All isopods showed dormancy in response to the dry treatment and curled their bodies to limit water loss from their ventral gills. Microrefuge use differed among populations but not between the two hydroregimes. However, there was some similarity in population responses according to genetic clade.Isopods displayed some resistance to drying through dormancy behaviour and seeking microrefuges, which will increase population persistence under a drying climate. However, the reduced survival of individuals from seasonal wetland populations suggests that surviving in these wetlands is more challenging than in semi‐perennial or perennial regimes. These challenges are likely to be exacerbated as climate change further decreases hydroperiods and limits the availability of damp microrefuges. Consequently, longer‐term population persistence may be challenged as more wetlands become seasonal.The responses of endemic species are not always correctly predicted from knowledge of more widespread and commonly studied species and our results suggest that there may be variation among populations. AlthoughP. palustrisshowed some innate responses to drying, their long‐term persistence (and that of other endemic species) may be threatened as environmental conditions become more extreme.
Cell size‐dependent species sensitivity to nanoparticles underlies changes in phytoplankton diversity and productivity
Authors: Zuo Yiping , Southard Michael , Xu Qianna , Zhang Guangxing , Skibinski Emily , Moon Nicole , Gan Lan , Chen Yongsheng , Jiang Lin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNanoparticle pollution has been shown to affect various organisms. However, the effects of nanoparticles on species interactions, and the role of species traits, such as body size, in modulating these effects, are not well‐understood. We addressed this issue using competing freshwater phytoplankton species exposed to copper oxide nanoparticles. Increasing nanoparticle concentration resulted in decreased phytoplankton species growth rates and community productivity (both abundance and biomass). Importantly, we consistently found that nanoparticles had greater negative effects on species with smaller cell sizes, such that nanoparticle pollution weakened the competitive dominance of smaller species and promoted species diversity. Moreover, nanoparticles reduced the growth rate differences and competitive ability differences of competing species, while having little effect on species niche differences. Consequently, nanoparticle pollution reduced the selection effect on phytoplankton community abundance, but increased the selection effect on community biomass. Our results suggest cell size as a key functional trait to consider when predicting phytoplankton community structure and ecosystem functioning in the face of increasing nanopollution.
Step length is associated with comprehensive frailty status in community‐dwelling older people
Authors: Ando Masataka , Kamide Naoto , Sakamoto Miki , Shiba Yoshitaka 
Published: November 2023

AimTo examine spatial–temporal gait parameters associated with comprehensive frailty status in community‐dwelling, independent older people.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 225 older people (≥65 years) living independently in the community. The Kihon Checklist was used to assess comprehensive frailty status, and participants were classified as robust, pre‐frailty, or frailty. A sheet‐type plantar pressure sensor was used to evaluate the following gait parameters, which were extracted at the usual and fast pace: gait speed, cadence, stride time, step length‐to‐height ratio (step length/height), step width, stance duration, double‐support time, and variability of each gait parameter. Ordinal logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounding factors was performed to determine the association between gait parameters and frailty status. In addition, the ability to discriminate frailty status was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for gait parameters that were significantly associated with frailty status.ResultsFrailty status was pre‐frailty in 79 (35.1%) and frailty in 30 (13.3%) participants. Ordinal logistic regression analysis showed a significant association of step length/height (%) at both usual and fast pace with frailty status, even after adjustment for confounding factors (usual pace: odds ratio [OR] = 0.93 [95% confidence interval, CI: 0.86–0.99]; fast pace: OR = 0.93 [95% CI: 0.87–0.99]). ROC curve analysis identified step length/height at fast pace in women as the best discriminator between frailty and non‐frailty (area under the curve 0.69, cut‐off value 43.4%, sensitivity 50%, specificity 82%).ConclusionsStep length appears to be a useful gait parameter for discriminating frailty status in community‐dwelling, independent older people. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 18–24.
IDH1‐mutated Crohn's disease‐associated small bowel adenocarcinomas: Distinctive pathological features and association with MGMT methylation and serrated‐type dysplasia
Authors: Guerini Camilla , Furlan Daniela , Ferrario Giuseppina , Grillo Federica , Libera Laura , Arpa Giovanni , Klersy Catherine , Lenti Marco V , Riboni Roberta , Solcia Enrico , Fassan Matteo , Mastracci Luca , Ardizzone Sandro , Moens Annick , De Hertogh Gert , Ferrante Marc , Graham Rondell P , Sessa Fausto , Paulli Marco , Di Sabatino Antonio , Vanoli Alessandro 
Published: November 2023

AimsPatients with Crohn's disease (CrD) have an elevated risk for the development of small bowel adenocarcinomas (SBAs). Actionable isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutations have been reported to be more frequent in CrD‐SBAs than in sporadic SBAs. The present study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological and immunophenotypical features, as well as methylation profiles, of IDH1‐mutated CrD‐SBAs.Methods and resultsAn international multicentre series of surgically resected CrD‐SBAs was tested for IDH1 mutation. Clinicopathological features, immunophenotypical marker expression and O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) and long interspersed nuclear element‐1 (LINE‐1) methylation were compared between IDH1‐mutated and IDH1 wild‐type CrD‐SBAs. Ten (20%) of the 49 CrD‐SBAs examined harboured an IDH1 mutation and all the mutated cancers harboured the R132C variant. Compared to IDH1 wild‐type cases, IDH1‐mutated CrD‐SBAs showed significantly lower rates of cytokeratin 7 expression (P = 0.005) and higher rates of p53 overexpression (P = 0.012) and MGMT methylation (P = 0.012). All three dysplastic growths associated with IDH1‐mutated SBAs harboured the same IDH1 variant (R132C) of the corresponding invasive cancer, and all were of non‐conventional subtype (two serrated dysplastic lesions and one goblet cell‐deficient dysplasia). In particular, non‐conventional serrated dysplasia was significantly associated with IDH1‐mutated CrD‐SBAs (P = 0.029). No significant cancer‐specific survival difference between IDH1‐mutated CrD‐SBA patients and IDH1 wild‐type CrD‐SBA patients was found (hazard ratio = 0.55, 95% confidence interval = 0.16–1.89; P = 0.313).ConclusionsIDH1‐mutated CrD‐SBAs, which represent approximately one‐fifth of total cases, are characterised by distinctive immunophenotypical features and methylation profiles, with potential therapeutic implications. Moreover, IDH1‐mutated non‐conventional, serrated dysplasia is likely to represent a precursor lesion to such CrD‐SBAs.