bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Restructuring an internal medicine rotation to take on a fully virtual experience in a resource-limited setting: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Elepaño Anton , Villafuerte Andrew Rufino , Besa John Jefferson , Arenos Carl Lawrence , Castillo Ron Michael , Palileo-Villanueva Lia 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, medical schools in the Philippines accelerated the adoption of virtual learning. Course developers were challenged to provide equal opportunities for clinical exposure given the differential access of students to technology. This study describes the modifications in the course design of an internal medicine rotation for third-year medical students and the perceptions of the faculty and students toward these changes.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Course evaluations by students and faculty were reviewed. Using a concurrent mixed-methods approach, we analyzed the quantitative and qualitative responses and triangulated the results of the faculty and student surveys.RESULTS:Shifting to a virtual learning platform decreased the number of student–patient interactions. Observing a telemedicine consultation done by faculty substituted for real patient encounters. In consideration of students with limited Internet access, synchronous activities were made nongraded. The survey response rate was 51% (93/181) for students and 34% (32/94) for faculty. Survey participants indicated high overall satisfaction toward the virtual course with a general agreement between students and faculty respondents in most domains. Recurrent themes were the demand for more patient encounters, more synchronous activities, and better evaluation tools. Only the faculty were critical of technical issues, such as audibility and Internet connectivity.CONCLUSION:The experiences of a single institution in redesigning and implementing an undergraduate medical course in internal medicine for a fully virtual platform were described. Strategies for augmenting patient exposure and tailored clinical assessment tools are needed to improve stakeholder satisfaction. In resource-limited settings, access to appropriate technology must be considered to ensure equitable learning.
Study on the mediator role of self-esteem in the relationship between female self-objectification and social physique anxiety
Authors: Bagherinia Hassan , Saghebi Seyed A. 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:
Women's perception of body image plays an important role in their psychological health; self-objectification and social physique anxiety can affect self-esteem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the mediator of self-esteem in the relationship between self-objectification and social physique anxiety in female students at Hakim Sabzevari University in Sabzevar.

MATERIALS AND METHOD:
The method of this descriptive research is correlational. The statistical population of this study is all the female students of Sabzevar, Department of Humanities. Using Morgan's table, 291 subjects were selected as a sample. To collect data, Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Questionnaire, McKinley and Hyde's Self-Objectification Questionnaire, and Hart et al., Social Physique Anxiety Questionnaire were used. After filling out the questionnaires, the data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 24 and descriptive indexes were used. Also, for correlation, to test the research question, a suitable statistical test such as hierarchical regression was used.

RESULTS:
The results of the analysis of statistical data showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between self-objectification and self-esteem. Also, there is a significant positive correlation between this variable and social physique anxiety. Also, using hierarchical regression, the role of mediating self-esteem was confirmed in the relationship between self-objectification and social physique anxiety.

CONCLUSION:
Those who have a high score in self-objectification think of themselves as an object and are always concerned about evaluating others based on their body image, so if their body image is not approved by others, they will have a negative assessment of themselves that causes a decrease in their self-esteem followed by an increase in the social anxiety of the organs.
Effectiveness of lifestyle related interventions to improve quality of life among postmenopausal women in selected slums of Bhubaneswar: A community based quasi experimental study
Authors: Beura Saswatika , Patnaik Lipilekha , Sahu Manisha 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:
Postmenopausal women considered as risk population, due to estrogen deficiency, 80% of women reduce physical and mental well-being in their menopausal years. Menopausal symptoms are not always reasons for any life-intimidating situations, but it disturbs quality of life (QoL) of middle-aged women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This non-randomized control trial was conducted among slum women in the age group of 40 to 60 years who were in their postmenopausal period (within 5 years). Study group was intervened by lifestyle-related interventional module about concept of menopause, symptoms, health issues, dietary habit for reducing menopausal symptoms with a practical demonstration of yoga, exercises and pranayama, group and individual counseling to the participants. Independent t-test, paired t-test, Chi-squared test, and Fisher's exact test were analyzed by SPSS software version 28 licensed to the institute.

RESULTS:
The mean age of the participants was 51.02 ± 2.94 years ranging from 47 to 58 years. As per anthropometric and blood pressure measurements data, significant differences were found in weight (P < 0.02), body mass index (P < 0.001), waist/Hip Ratio (P < 0.001), SBP (P < 0.001) and DBP (P < 0.001) between both the groups. Comparing the mean difference score of vasomotor, psychosocial, physical and sexual domains of the MENQOL questionnaire pre- and post-intervention found that, there was significant reduction of QoL score in study group.

CONCLUSION:
The lifestyle related interventions as an alternative therapy are safe, free from side effects, cost-effective and government program may be implemented for the betterment of the menopausal women.
Profile of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome Patients from South India
Authors: Suma Rache , Netravathi M. , Gururaj Gopalkrishna , Thomas Priya Treesa , Singh Bhagteshwar , Solomon Tom , Desai Anita , Vasanthapuram Ravi , Banandur Pradeep S. 
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
Encephalitis is a major public health problem worldwide that causes huge emotional and economic loss to humanity. Encephalitis, being a serious illness, affects people of all ages. The aim is to describe the sociodemographic, clinical, etiological, and neuroimaging profile among 101 acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) patients visiting a tertiary neuro-specialty care hospital in India.

Methods:
Record review of medical records of all patients attending neurology emergency and outpatient services at NIMHANS Hospital, diagnosed with AES in 2019, was conducted. Data were collected using standardized data collection forms for all cases in the study. Descriptive analyses (mean and standard deviation for continuous variables and proportions for categorical variables) were conducted. The Chi-square test/Fisher’s exact test was used for the comparison of independent groups for categorical variables, and t-test for comparing means for continuous variables.

Results:
About 42.6% of AES patients had viral etiology, while in 57.4%, etiology was not ascertained. Common presenting symptoms were fever (96%), altered sensorium (64.4%), seizures (70.3%), headache (42.6%), and vomiting (27.7%). Herpes simplex was the most common (21.8%) identified viral encephalitis, followed by chikungunya (5%), arboviruses (chikungunya and dengue) (4%), Japanese encephalitis (4%), rabies (3%), dengue (1%), and varicella virus (1%). About 40% of AES patients showed cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis (44%), increased protein (39.6%), abnormal computed tomography brain (44.6%), and magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities (41.6%).

Conclusion:
The study highlights the need to ascertain etiology and importance of evidence-based management of AES patients. A better understanding of opportunities and limitations in the management and implementation of standard laboratory and diagnostic algorithms can favor better diagnosis and management of AES.
Psychological Morbidity of the COVID-19 Second Wave in Health-care Workers: A Cross-sectional Online Survey
Authors: Chauhan Vinay Singh , Dangi Ankit , Yadav Arun Kumar , Chatterjee Kaushik , Yadav Prateek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:
During the first wave of the pandemic, health-care workers (HCWs) experienced high levels of stress, depression, and anxiety. These frontline workers remained a vulnerable group with the second wave of the pandemic being more severe than the first wave across the globe. There is a need to assess the psychological impact of the second wave of COVID-19 on HCWs and identify risk factors associated with higher morbidity. This will be beneficial in planning appropriate prevention and remedial measures.

Materials and Methods:
Consecutive 1275 HCWs (between the age group of 18 and 60 years) responded to the online survey. After the collection of sociodemographic data, participants were administered the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale.

Results:
Moderate-to-severe stress, depression, and anxiety were reported by 40%, 31.7%, and 24.3% of participants, respectively. Regression analysis revealed that female gender, nurses, high COVID-19 exposure, history of COVID-19, chronic medical illness, and work experience between 10 and 20 years were risk factors for increased psychological morbidity.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates that stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms remained high among HCWs during the second wave of COVID-19. Certain risk factors predicted higher mental health morbidity. There is a need to develop appropriate interventions targeting these groups.
Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus Infection at Zonal Hospital in Northern India
Authors: Thoke Santosh V. , Yadav Arun Kumar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major public health concern. Persons living with HCV infection are at risk of developing liver cirrhosis and progressing to end-stage liver disease and liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma). The present study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of HCV infection in patients admitted as well as outpatient department services of a Zonal Hospital.

Methods:
The present study was cross-sectional, observational study, conducted in patients >18 years of age, clinically suspected acute infectious hepatitis or admitted to the intensive care unit, and willing to participate in the study.

Results:
In the present study, 472 patients were studied for hepatitis C infection. Majority of cases were from 51 to 60 years age group (34.5%), followed by 61–70 years age group (26.7%). Female cases were (51.3%) slightly more than male (48.7%). Rapid method and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods detected HCV prevalence as 5.7% and 12.5%, respectively. After HCV genotype testing, the prevalence was 12.1%. Majority had 3A genotype (69.49%), followed by 1A genotype (16.95%), 1B genotype (8.47%), 3B genotype (3.39%), and 4 genotypes (1.69%). ELISA testing was significantly correlated with HCV genotype testing (P = 0.017) while the rapid method was not correlated with HCV genotype testing (P = 0.937).

Conclusion:
There is a high prevalence of HCV among the suspected, genotype 3 being the most common.
Adult Acne: Its Response to Therapy
Authors: Jangid Kirti , Khandare Manish , Tambe Swagta , Kharayat Veena , Ray Rahul 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:
Although acne is principally a disorder of adolescence, the prevalence of adult acne is increasing. Adult acne has been defined as presence of acne beyond the age of 25 years. Various studies have shown that a significant percentage of adult women with acne failed to respond to treatment with systemic antibiotics and isotretinoin which indicates a need for treatment alternatives with improved effectiveness and acceptable side effects for resistant acne.

Aim:
This study aims to study the response of oral antibiotic therapy and oral hormonal therapy in Adult Acne.

Objective:
The objective of the study is to examine the response of oral antibiotic and oral hormonal therapy along with their side effects in cases diagnosed with adult acne.

Material and Methods:
(i) Study design: Interventional study, (ii) Basis of adequate sample size: All patients diagnosed with adult acne will be considered for study. Seventy-two adult female patients presenting with acne fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criterias were enrolled for the study. (iii) Sampling frame and method: Written informed consent will be obtained and identity of the participants will be kept confidential. Sequential photographs will be taken after patient’s consent to check the response rate. Data will be analyzed using ‘Friedman test”.

Result:
Based on the results of our study, it can be concluded that although both antibiotics and hormonal therapy improved acne lesions, but results were statistically significant with hormonal therapy as compared to antibiotic therapy.

Conclusion:
Both antibiotic and hormonal therapies are safe and effective options for treating adult acne. All patients of adult acne may not have an underlying hormonal imbalance or hyperandrogenism, thus the role of oral antibiotics in the treatment should not be underestimated.
Complications of prolonged mechanical ventilation after cardiac surgery in children with Down syndrome: A single-center retrospective observational study
Authors: Almutiri Sarah Fahad , Al-Qahtani Lamis A. , Abdu Shahad H. , Aynousah Remmaz A. , Alotaibi Sarah W. , Alhadrami Leenah M. , Arfaj Yara Khaled , Bahaidarah Saud Abdulaziz 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Patients with Down syndrome (DS) are known to have an increased risk of congenital heart diseases, which can be a predictor of prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) after cardiac surgery. PMV is a factor that enhances postoperative complications and morbidities. Thus, we aimed to explore the risk factors of the PMV, and relevant complications associated with it.

Subjects and Methods:
This retrospective study included 94 patients with DS who underwent 97 cardiac repair surgeries between 2010 and 2022. Patients were dichotomized into two groups. The first group was with the patients on mechanical ventilation (MV) for <72 h and the PMV group with MV for more than ≥72 h.

Results:
We reviewed the association between various risk factors and PMV in patients with DS. The presence of seizure disorder (P = 0.028), preoperative administration of prostaglandin (P = 0.028), and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (P = 0.043) had significantly increased risk of PMV. We found a significantly increased incidence of sepsis (P = 0.009), delayed sternal closure (P = 0.01), feeding intolerance (P = 0.014), prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay (P = 0.0001), and pulmonary collapse (P = 0.001) in patients with PMV. There was no difference in the incidence of pulmonary hypertension, postoperative respiratory infection, pneumothorax, and chylothorax between children between the two groups.

Conclusions:
The presence of seizure disorder, preoperative usage of prostaglandin, and CPAP were significant risk factors for PMV. Incidence of sepsis, delayed sternal closure, feeding intolerance, prolonged ICU stay, and pulmonary collapse was significantly higher with PMV.
The usefulness of ultrasonographic measurement of the laryngeal air column width difference before extubation as a predictor of secondary airway obstruction after extubation in children
Authors: Alatorre Arturo Gerardo Garza , Martínez Veronica Rodríguez , Antonio Yanyn Ameyaly Cabrera , Fernández Jorge Alejandro Franco , Valdes Alejandra Viridiana Zavala , Ramírez Valeria Estefania Velázquez , Juarez Miguel Emanuel Navarrete 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Postextubation airway obstruction, also called postextubation stridor, is one of the most frequent complications of orotracheal intubation and the main cause of extubation failure (EF). Several potential predictors of extubation outcomes have been investigated, although their predictive value and clinical usefulness are limited. Laryngeal ultrasound and measurements are new, noninvasive, easily reproducible methods for extubation success. The objective of the study was to determine the usefulness of measuring the laryngeal air column width difference (LACWD) as a predictor of EF.

Subjects and Methods:
This prospective observational study was conducted from December 2022 to March 2023. Patients older than 30 days and up to 16 years of age admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and intubated with an endotracheal tube with a balloon for >24 h and with their first attempt at extubation were evaluated. The LACWD was measured before extubation. The first measurement was made with the balloon inflated and the second with the balloon deflated, calculating the difference between the two measurements.

Results:
Forty-five patients were assessed. The median number of days in the PICU was 8 (interquartile range 2–6). We found that the greater the difference in the air column, the lower the risk of EF ([P = 0.418] odds ratio [OR] =0.101 95% confidence interval [CI] =0.000–26.000), and the greater the number of days (>3), the greater the risk of EF ([P = 0.819] OR = 0.996; 85% CI = 0.965–1.028).

Conclusions:
No statistically significant relationship was found in the LACWD in our patients. We believe that it is important to carry out an extended study, with age group stratification, to assess its use.
Assembly of two luminescent cadmium(II) 4,4'-phosphini Co-dibenzoate coordination polymers
Authors: Zou Zi-Hang , Tan Ning , N. Nfor Emmanuel , Wang Zhao-Xi 
Published: November 2023

Two new cadmium(II) coordination polymers [Cd(HL)(H2O)]·1.5H2O (1) and [Cd(HL)(4-bpmp)0.5]·2H2O (2) (H3L = 4,4'-phosphinicobis-dibenzoic acid, and 4-bpmp = N,N'-bis(4-pyridylmethyl)piperazine) have been synthesized by self-assembly of CdCl2 with 4,4'-phosphinicobis-dibenzoate, and N,N'-bis(4-pyridylmethyl)piperazine through solvothermal/hydrothermal method. Their structures were confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction, infrared spectrometer (IR), and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and TGA techniques. Both compounds are in Pī space group and exhibited a 2D networks constructed from dinuclear [Cd2(POO)2] or paddle-wheel [Cd2(COO)2(POO)2] units, respectively. In 2, the Cd2+ is five-coordinated and shows a rare tetragonal pyramidal geometry. At room temperature, the compounds exhibit moderately intense blue and green fluorescence emission with peaks at 381 nm and 509 nm, respectively.
KEY WORDS: Cadmium(II) compounds, Photoluminescence, Carboxyphosphinate ligand
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(1), 85-98. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i1.7
Accessibility of pedestrian infrastructure along arterial roads to persons with disabilities in Kumasi
Authors: Danso Anthony K. , Tudzi Eric P. , Ayarkwa Joshua , Asiedu-Ampem Gloria , Donkor-Hyiaman Kenneth A. 
Published: November 2023

The rights of Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) to accessible built environments include the convenient and safe use of roads and pedestrian infrastructure. This is founded on the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and other related international and local legislation. These notwithstanding, this paper sought to ascertain whether the accessibility needs of PWDs were amply factored into decisions on pedestrian infrastructure. The study adopted a descriptive research design. It involved the use of a checklist developed from the Accessible Side-walks and Street Crossing information guide and the Ghana Accessibility Standards for the Built Environment to assess pedestrian infrastructure along five arterial roads leading to Kumasi, the second most populous city in Ghana. Interviews were also used to ascertain the opinions of 122 PWDs on the inclusiveness of the pedestrian infrastructure. The study found that the pedestrian infrastructure was not as inclusive as required. Maintenance was not given due attention and most PWDs had challenges with the pedestrian infrastructure. The study concludes that irrespective of the prevalence of both international and local standards in Ghana, the accessibility needs of PWDs are not amply factored into decisions on pedestrian infrastructure. Accordingly, policy should dwell on holistic enforcement of the accessibility standards in design, construction and maintenance. These will support the quest to enhance accessible transport systems and consequently efforts towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal 11.
CLOTHING MARKET: IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS, TRENDS AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Kharaishvili Eter , Lobzhanidze Nino 
Published: November 2023

Eter Kharaishvili
E-mail: eter.kharaishvili@tsu.ge
Professor, Economics and Business Faculty of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University
Tbilisi, Georgia
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4013-7354

Nino Lobzhanidze
E-mail: nino.lobzhanidze@tsu.ge
Assistant Professor, Economics and Business Faculty of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University
Tbilisi, Georgia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5830-6924

Abstract: The article evaluates the role of the clothing industry in the economic development and well-being of countries. Based on bibliographic research, it analyzes the main trends in the garment sector, considering historical, economic, political, social, and other factors that influence the development of the clothing industry.
It is argued that historical industrial revolutions have had the most profound impact on the primary directions of the textile industry and the guiding principles of market development. Consequently, the key stages of garment industry development and market improvement are assessed in light of four industrial revolutions.
By using global textile industry data, the study derives the current trend and the sector's development perspective while also assessing the clothing industry's negative impact on the environment.
Based on the comparative analysis and development trends of textile and clothing production in Georgia, the main indicators of the sector are analyzed.
The study utilizes bibliographic research, analysis, synthesis, comparison, expert, matrix, factorial, and other methods. It evaluates sector-related theoretical and empirical materials and reports.
The findings provide insights into the textile market's development prospects, and recommendations for potential directions in industry development are offered.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ТВОРОЖНЫХ СЫРОВ ПОНИЖЕННОЙ ЖИРНОСТИ С РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫМИ ДОБАВКАМИ
Authors: Чемыртан М. О. , Землякова Е. С. 
Published: November 2023

Представлено обоснование использования нестандартного сырья, а именно кисломолочного продукта – ряженки, для производства творожных сыров с целью понижения их жирности. Обосновано внесение обогащающих растительных добавок в продукты. Разработана
технологическая схема и рецептуры для производства новых видов творожных сыров. Описаны органолептические свойства разработанных продуктов. По результатам исследований
обоснована функциональность полученных творожных сыров с растительными добавками.