bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faba bean and pea harvest index estimations using aerial-based multimodal data and machine learning algorithms
Authors: Ji Yishan , Liu Zehao , Cui Yuxing , Liu Rong , Chen Zhen , Zong Xuxiao , Yang Tao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Early and high-throughput estimations of the crop harvest index (HI) are essential for crop breeding and field management in precision agriculture; however, traditional methods for measuring HI are time-consuming and labor-intensive. The development of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with onboard sensors offers an alternative strategy for crop HI research. In this study, we explored the potential of using low-cost, UAV-based multimodal data for HI estimation using red–green–blue (RGB), multispectral (MS), and thermal infrared (TIR) sensors at 4 growth stages to estimate faba bean (Vicia faba L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.) HI values within the framework of ensemble learning. The average estimates of RGB (faba bean: coefficient of determination [R2] = 0.49, normalized root-mean-square error [NRMSE] = 15.78%; pea: R2 = 0.46, NRMSE = 20.08%) and MS (faba bean: R2 = 0.50, NRMSE = 15.16%; pea: R2 = 0.46, NRMSE = 19.43%) were superior to those of TIR (faba bean: R2 = 0.37, NRMSE = 16.47%; pea: R2 = 0.38, NRMSE = 19.71%), and the fusion of multisensor data exhibited a higher estimation accuracy than those obtained using each sensor individually. Ensemble Bayesian model averaging provided the most accurate estimations (faba bean: R2 = 0.64, NRMSE = 13.76%; pea: R2 = 0.74, NRMSE = 15.20%) for whole growth stage, and the estimation accuracy improved with advancing growth stage. These results indicate that the combination of low-cost, UAV-based multimodal data and machine learning algorithms can be used to estimate crop HI reliably, therefore highlighting a promising strategy and providing valuable insights for high spatial precision in agriculture, which can help breeders make early and efficient decisions.
Transcription factor CsMYB77 negatively regulates fruit ripening and fruit size in citrus
Authors: Zhang Li , Xu Yang , Li Yanting , Zheng Saisai , Zhao Zhenmei , Chen Meiling , Yang Haijian , Yi Hualin , Wu Juxun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
MYB family transcription factors (TFs) play essential roles in various biological processes, yet their involvement in regulating fruit ripening and fruit size in citrus remains poorly understood. In this study, we have established that the R2R3-MYB TF, CsMYB77, exerts a negative regulatory influence on fruit ripening in both citrus and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), while also playing a role in modulating fruit size in citrus. The overexpression of CsMYB77 in tomato and Hongkong kumquat (Fortunella hindsii) led to notably delayed fruit ripening phenotypes. Moreover, the fruit size of Hongkong kumquat transgenic lines was largely reduced. Based on DNA affinity purification sequencing and verified interaction assays, SEVEN IN ABSENTIA OF ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA4 (SINAT4) and PIN-FORMED PROTEIN5 (PIN5) were identified as downstream target genes of CsMYB77. CsMYB77 inhibited the expression of SINAT4 to modulate abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, which delayed fruit ripening in transgenic tomato and Hongkong kumquat lines. The expression of PIN5 was activated by CsMYB77, which promoted free indole-3-acetic acid decline and modulated auxin signaling in the fruits of transgenic Hongkong kumquat lines. Taken together, our findings revealed a fruit development and ripening regulation module (MYB77-SINAT4/PIN5-ABA/auxin) in citrus, which enriches the understanding of the molecular regulatory network underlying fruit ripening and size.
NMR-based metabolomics in giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica sequential sera differentiates active and inactive disease
Authors: Iliou Aikaterini , Argyropoulou Ourania D , Palamidas Dimitris-Anastasios , Karagiannakou Marianna , Benaki Dimitra , Tsezou Konstantina-Ismini , Vlachoyiannopoulos Panayiotis G , Mikros Emmanuel , Tzioufas Athanasios G 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
GCA is an inflammatory disease following a chronic, relapsing course. The metabolic alterations related to the intense inflammatory process during the active phase and the rapid impact of steroid treatment remain unknown. This study aims to investigate the serum metabolome in active and inactive disease states.

Methods
A total of 110 serum samples from 50 patients (33 GCA and 17 PMR) at three time points—0 (V1: active disease), 1 and 6 months (V2 and V3: remission)—of treatment with glucocorticoids (GCs) were subjected to NMR-based metabolomic analysis. Multi- and univariate statistical analyses were utilized to unveil metabolome alterations following treatment.

Results
Distinct metabolic profiles were identified between activity and remission, independent of disease type. N-acetylglycoproteins and cholines of bound phospholipids emerged as predictive markers of disease activity. Altered levels of 4 of the 21 small molecules were also observed, including increased levels of phenylalanine and decreased glutamine, alanine and creatinine in active disease. Metabolic fingerprinting discriminated GCA from PMR in remission. GCA and PMR patients exhibited characteristic lipid alterations as a response and/or adverse effect of GC treatment. Correlation analysis showed that several identified biomarkers were further associated with acute phase reactants, CRP and ESR.

Conclusion
The NMR profile of serum metabolome could identify and propose sensitive biomarkers of inflammation. Metabolome alterations, following GC treatment, could provide predictors for future steroid-induced side effects.
Viewpoint: Nurses educating patients about drugs
Authors: Robinson Sandra , Adebajo Ade , Walker David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Educating patients about the drugs they take is essential for them to take them safely and effectively. This education is now commonly given by nurses as part of the huge expansion in the nurse specialist role. However, training for this role has not kept pace with practice. Nurses have expressed variable confidence in this role and expressed a wish for more formal training. Current practice often puts the information rather than the patient at the centre of the consultation with the nurse dominating the conversation. Cues to address the patient agenda are commonly missed. An animated patient who interrupts is probably not having their educational needs met. Education of the professionals around how to perform this task in an optimal way is necessary and should result in better efficacy and safety of the drugs. This could be achieved by incorporating features of Shared Decision Making and the Calgary–Cambridge consultation techniques into training and the consultation. Personalization by attention to patient preferences, language and health literacy is essential.
Cumulative Impact of Morphometric Features in Schizophrenia in Two Independent Samples
Authors: Lee-Hughes Rosa , Lancaster Thomas M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder share a common structural brain alteration profile. However, there is considerable between- and within-diagnosis variability in these features, which may underestimate informative individual differences. Using a recently established morphometric risk score (MRS) approach, we aim to provide confirmation that individual MRS scores are higher in individuals with a psychosis diagnosis, helping to parse individual heterogeneity. Using the Human Connectome Project Early Psychosis (N = 124), we estimate MRS for psychosis and specifically for bipolar/schizophrenia using T1-weighted MRI data and prior meta-analysis effect sizes. We confirm associations in an independent replication sample (N = 69). We assess (1) the impact of diagnosis on these MRS, (2) compare effect sizes of MRS to all individual, cytoarchitecturally defined brain regions, and (3) perform negative control analyses to assess MRS specificity. The MRS specifically for SCZ was higher in the whole psychosis group (Cohen’s d = 0.56; P = 0.003) and outperformed any single region of interest in standardized mean difference (ZMRS&gt;75 ROIS = 2.597; P = 0.009) and correlated with previously reported effect sizes (PSPIN/SHUFFLE &lt; 0.005). MRS without Enhancing Neuroimaging Genomics through Meta-Analysis weights did not delineate groups with empirically null associations (t = 2.29; P = 0.02). We replicate MRS specifically for SCZ associations in the independent sample. Akin to polygenic risk scoring and individual allele effect sizes, these observations suggest that assessing the combined impact of regional structural alterations may be more informative than any single cytoarchitecturally constrained cortical region, where well-powered, meta-analytical samples are informative in the delineation of diagnosis and within psychosis case differences, in smaller independent samples.
Certifying complexity? The case of a European gender equality certification scheme for research-performing organizations
Authors: Cacace Marina , Pugliese Francesca , Tzanakou Charikleia , Müller Jörg , Denis Alain , Sangiuliano Maria 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
By deciding to condition the access of research organizations to its €95.5 billion Horizon Europe funding programme (2021–7) on providing evidence of a gender equality plan, the European Commission has made the challenge of certifying the gender equality performance of research organizations extremely urgent, not least to avoid the risk that such plans become a mere formality (‘box-ticking’). This challenge should not be underestimated, considering the extremely complex nature of the dynamics surrounding gender equality. In this article, we analyse the feasibility of establishing a European certification scheme that would assess gender equality policies and outcomes of research organizations, and present four alternative scenarios for its set-up, co-created with a wide range of stakeholders in a participatory step-by-step process. The results of the two-stage validation process of the four scenarios are also presented, providing policy implications and recommendations to support the effective roll-out of the certification schemes.
Biometrics, presents, futures: the imaginative politics of science–society orderings
Authors: Lawless Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Biometric technology encompasses a proliferating array of data forms, applications, and stakeholders but has raised numerous social and ethical concerns. This article examines contending perceptions of biometrics by developing a three-way framework of science–society orderings, drawn from social studies of biometrics and wider science studies literature. By analysing documentary sources and participant observation data through this framework, the article identifies a series of distinct normative interpretations or imaginaries of biometrics. It is argued that these imaginaries, described, respectively, as ‘public good’, ‘collective control’, and ‘societal risks’, project contending normative framings of science–society relations. These imaginaries were also however found to reflexively encompass perceived challenges, giving rise to practices that I term imaginative politics. These findings raise the need for science policy studies to consider the distinction between imagining and realizing in greater depth and to consider more profoundly the politics of science–society co-production.
Severe atopic dermatitis, sleep disturbance, and low light exposure
Authors: Arif Mariam K , Zee Phyllis C , Paller Amy S , Crowley Stephanie J , Roenneberg Till , Fishbein Anna B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder in children. AD worsens at night, particularly in severe disease. Low light exposure contributes to inflammation, poor sleep, and misalignment between circadian (24-hour) rhythms (biological clocks) and social clocks (weekday vs. weekend sleep timing), but has not been evaluated in AD. Our objective was to perform a cross-sectional study to determine whether there is an association between AD severity, recorded light exposure (RLE), and sleep measures in participants with AD and healthy controls.

Methods
Secondary data analysis from two prospective observational studies of 74 participants ages 5–17 years old with severe AD compared to others (healthy controls and mild/moderate AD). Participants wore actigraphy watches for at least 1 weekday and one weekend. Rest/activity and RLE (lux) were obtained from the watches and were analyzed to estimate duration and quality of sleep/light exposure.

Results
Participants (n = 74) were on average 10.9 ± 3.6 years old, with 45% female, 17% no AD, 27% mild, 32% moderate, and 24% severe AD. On weekends, severe AD participants versus others fell asleep at a similar time (23:52 ± 1:08 vs. 23:40 ± 1:29 mean clock-time hours ± SD; p = 0.23), had similar sleep-onset latency (8.2 ± 8.7 vs. 12.7 ± 16.9 minutes; p = 0.28), but woke later (09:12 ± 1:04 vs. 08:13 ± 1:14 minutes; p &lt; 0.01) resulting in a later sleep-midpoint (04:32 ± 0:53 vs. 03:49 ± 1:08 minutes; p = 0.02). Severe AD participants had lower levels of daytime RLE than others (mean-over-all-days: 1948.4 ± 2130.0 vs. 10341.3 ± 13453.8 lux; p = 0.01) and throughout seasons, weekdays, or weekend, yet had similar nighttime RLE.

Conclusion
Severe AD is characterized by low RLE and sleep disturbance. Low RLE could potentially induce circadian misalignment, contributing to inflammation and worse disease in severe AD. Low RLE can also reflect altered lifestyle and behavior due to atopic disease impacts. Prospective studies are needed to test causality and the potential of bright light as an adjuvant therapy for severe AD.
A conserved role for frizzled in sleep architecture
Authors: Gessner Nicholas R , Peiravi Morteza , Zhang Fan , Yimam Shemsiya , Springer Danielle , Harbison Susan T 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Previous studies of natural variants in Drosophila melanogaster implicated the Wnt signaling receptor frizzled in sleep. Given that the Wnt signaling pathway is highly conserved across species, we hypothesized that frizzled class receptor 1 (Fzd1), the murine homolog of frizzled, would also have a role in sleep. Using a CRISPR transgenic approach, we removed most of the Fzd1 coding region from C57BL/6N mice. We used a video assay to measure sleep characteristics in Fzd1-deficient mice. As Wnt signaling is known to affect visuospatial memory, we also examined the impact of the deletion on learning and memory using the novel object recognition (NOR) paradigm. Fzd1-deficient mice had altered sleep compared to littermate controls. The mice did not respond differently to the NOR paradigm compared to controls but did display anxiety-like behavior. Our strategy demonstrates that the study of natural variation in Drosophila sleep translates into candidate genes for sleep in vertebrate species such as the mouse.
Using A Google Web Search Analysis to Assess the Utility of ChatGPT in Stem Cell Therapy
Authors: Chen Long , Li Hui , Su Yiqi , Yang Zhen , He Zihao , Wang Du , Li Jiao Jiao , Xing Dan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
Since its introduction, the use of ChatGPT has increased significantly for medically related purposes. However, current research has not captured its applications in providing information on stem cell therapy. To address this gap, the present study compared the effectiveness of ChatGPT to Google in answering medical questions related to stem cell therapy.

Methods
The search term “stem cell therapy” was used to perform a Google web search, and the top 20 frequently asked questions along with answers were recorded together with relevant website sources. Of these questions, the top 10 questions were separately entered into ChatGPT, and the answers and the sources were recorded. Then, the following statement was entered into ChatGPT: “Do a Google search with the search term ‘stem cell therapy’ and record 20 common questions related to the search term.” After obtaining these questions, each question was separately entered into ChatGPT for an answer and source.

Results
A majority of the top 20 questions provided by Google were related to fact, whereas a majority of the questions provided by ChatGPT were related to policy. The answer sources used by Google were mostly drawn from medical practice, while those used by ChatGPT were mostly drawn from academic information.

Conclusion
Compared to Google, ChatGPT exhibits stronger capabilities in promoting awareness of stem cell therapy. ChatGPT has the ability to eliminate misleading information by providing accurate and reliable answers. However, the responses provided by ChatGPT are still general in nature and cannot substitute academic sources for providing specialized knowledge.
Exploring contextual factors impacting the implementation of and engagement with a digital platform supporting psychosis recovery: A brief report
Authors: Sequeira Lydia , Kassam Iman , D’Arcey Jessica , Zhou Wenjia , Junaid Sana , Luo Sherry , Boparai Navi , Tackaberry-Giddens Leah , Kidd Sean 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Individuals with schizophrenia often demonstrate poor engagement in treatment and challenges with illness self-management. App4independence (A4i) is a digital health platform that was developed with the purpose of addressing the aforementioned challenges. While digital interventions can support patient care, there is a paucity of research on implementing such interventions in clinical settings. To describe the contextual factors that impacted the implementation of and engagement with A4i across three different clinical implementation sites, a descriptive approach, guided by implementation science frameworks, was employed to understand how people, culture, process, and technology impacted the implementation of A4i. Descriptive statistics were used to present user engagement data across each site implementation. Additionally, the lessons learned from each implementation were described narratively. Overall, 53 patients were onboarded to A4i in Context 1, 8 in Context 2, and 65 within Context 3, with retention rates over 90 days of 100%, 100%, and 96%, respectively. The adoption, engagement, and sustained use of the A4i platform varied across each implementation site and were affected by implementation strategies within the sociotechnical domains of people, culture, process, and technology. Despite differences in implementation processes, engagement with A4i remained consistently high. Customized educational materials, digital navigators, and technical support served as facilitators in the adoption of A4i.
Association of depression trajectories and subsequent hypertension and cardiovascular disease: findings from the CHARLS cohort
Authors: Qiu Weida , Cai Anping , Li Liwen , Feng Yingqing 
Published: November 2023

Objectives:
Little evidence regarding the associations of longitudinal trajectories of depressive symptoms and incident hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This study aimed to evaluate the relationships between trajectories of depressive symptoms and new-onset hypertension and CVDs among the Chinese middle-aged and older general population.

Methods:
This prospective cohort study used data from a nationally representative sample aged older than 45 years of Chinese residents recruited for the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10). The outcomes of the study were new-onset hypertension and CVDs.

Results:
A total of 6071 participants were included in the final analysis and four trajectories of CES-D-10 were identified, including low-stable, medium-decreasing, medium-increasing, and high-stable trajectories. Until 2018, 1668 (27.5%) and 959 (15.8%) participants were newly diagnosed with hypertension and CVDs, respectively. Compared with participants with a low-stable trajectory, individuals with other three trajectories had a significantly higher risk of hypertension and CVDs. The results remained robust in several sensitivity analyses. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) showed an S-shaped relationship between the mean CES-D-10 score and hypertension/CVDs (P for nonlinear <0.001). Hypertension partially mediated the association between CES-D-10 and CVDs.

Conclusion:
Among Chinese aged older than 45 years’ general adults, depressive symptoms were prevalent and associated with higher risks of incident hypertension and CVDs. Depressive symptoms mediated the development of CVDs by promoting hypertension progression. Immediate efforts are needed to improve depression management in China to further prevent CVDs.
Toward a Psychological Model of Chemical Coping with Opioids in Cancer Care
Authors: Yusufov Miryam , Pirl William F. , Braun Ilana M. , Sannes Timothy , McHugh R. Kathryn 
Published: November 2023

Learning Objectives: After participating in this CME activity, the psychiatrist should be better able to
• Outline the risk factors involved with opioid accessibility in patients receiving treatment for cancer.
• Identify factors to address in order to mitigate risk for opioid misuse during cancer care.

Abstract
Most patients with advanced cancer receive treatment for related pain. Opioid accessibility, however, is a risk factor for misuse, which can present care challenges and quality-of-life concerns. There is a lack of consistent universal screening prior to initiation of opioid prescribing. One crucial issue in treating this population is adequately identifying and mitigating risk factors driving opioid misuse. Drawing on theory and research from addiction science, psychology, palliative care, and oncology, the presented conceptual framework suggests that risk factors for opioid misuse during cancer care can be stratified into historical, current, malleable, and unmalleable factors. The framework identifies necessary factors to address in order to mitigate risk for opioid misuse during cancer care, and offers key directions for future research.
Impact of posterior vitreous detachment on visual acuity after the implantation of a diffractive multifocal intraocular lens
Authors: Takabatake Ryu , Takahashi Makiko 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
To investigate the effect of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) on visual acuity (VA) after implantation of a diffractive multifocal intraocular lens (mIOL).

Setting:
Eye Clinic, Okayama, Japan.

Design:
Retrospective case series.

Methods:
This study evaluated 475 eyes of 475 patients who underwent cataract surgery with a TECNIS Multifocal ZLB00 lens implant between November 2017 and October 2019. Patient eyes were classified into the complete PVD group (PVD group) or the control group with no PVD/partial PVD (non-PVD group) and divided into 3 age categories: 65 to 69, 70 to 74, and 75 to 79 years. The postoperative VA of the PVD and non-PVD groups was compared between and within groups by age.

Results:
Distance-corrected near VA (DCNVA) was significantly worse in the PVD group than in the non-PVD group in all age categories (P ≤ .029). In the PVD group, both corrected distance VA (CDVA) and DCNVA were significantly worse in the 75 to 79 years age group than in the 65 to 69 and 70 to 74 years age groups (P ≤ .034). CDVA and DCNVA in the non-PVD group did not differ significantly between age categories.

Conclusions:
The results of this study suggest that complete PVD worsens near VA in eyes with a diffractive mIOL. Furthermore, eyes with complete PVD may show an age-related decline in both CDVA and DCNVA. In particular, eyes ≥75 years of age with complete PVD have a poor visual prognosis and should be given careful consideration when deciding whether to implant a diffractive mIOL.