bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life following treatment with intra-arterial cisplatin with concurrent radiation and erlotinib for locally advanced head and neck cancer
Authors: Cossyleon Ricardo , Robinson Kathy , Delfino Kristin , Robbins K. Thomas , Rao Krishna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Studies that focus on the feasibility of using erlotinib plus chemoradiation to treat locally advanced head and neck cancer have given hints of improved survival outcomes compared to chemoradiation alone. However, the influence of this treatment regimen on the quality of life of the patients has not been documented. We conducted a study of this triple combination and now have documented follow-up survival data as well as long-term quality of life (QoL) measures.

Methods
Three sets of QoL questionnaires were given to patients with a diagnosis of head and neck cancer at two time points, pre- and post-treatment, to assess differences in quality of life after receiving chemotherapy with intra-arterial (IA) cisplatin (150 mg/m2), concomitant radiation (70 Gy), and oral erlotinib (150 mg/day). Additionally, patients were followed for a total of 5 years.

Results
Treatment had a detrimental effect on appearance, taste, and saliva domain scores in their QoL questionnaires. Nonetheless, fewer patients reported pain and anxiety.

Significance of results
The combination of erlotinib with chemoradiation produced similar adverse effects on the QoL scores of patients with head and neck cancer as compared to chemoradiation alone.
Electrochemical solid phase formation and dissolution; a non-equilibrium thermodynamic view
Authors: Malaie Keyvan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHerein, solid-state electrochemical reactions are collectively viewed and studied as the formation and dissolution of a solid phase under non-equilibrium. We first consider an ideal reaction pathway where a solid phase grows and shrinks along the same reaction path. Next, the realistic situation is studied based on the voltammetry of solids to reveal how a solid phase is formed and dissolved in contact with either a liquid or another solid phase. Finally, the reaction asymmetry between phase formation and dissolution, hysteresis, and the memory effect are studied and discussed in detail.
Evaluation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contents in marine products in South Korea and risk assessment using the total diet study
Authors: Paik Yujin , Kim Hoe-Sung , Joo Yong-Sung , Lee Jin Won , Lee Kwang-Won 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study investigated levels of eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH8) compounds in both raw and processed marine products in South Korea. Katsuobushi exhibited the highest concentration of benzo[a]pyrene, at 14.22 µg/kg, exceeding the European Commission's regulation level of 5.0 µg/kg. The total PAH8 concentration in katsuobushi was 220.5 µg/kg. Among the product categories, shellfish had the highest detection rate (70%), followed by fish (19%) and crustacea (8%), with chrysene being the most prominent PAH8 congener in all marine products. Grilled fish predominantly contained pyrogenic PAHs from combustion byproducts, while shellfish primarily contained petrogenic ones from the aquatic environment. Grilling, smoking, and drying processes significantly contributed to the formation of PAH8 in these food products. Based on the results of a risk assessment using a margin of exposure approach through a total diet study, exposure to PAH8 from marine products is considered to pose low concern to the South Korean population.
A voting gray wolf optimizer-based ensemble learning models for intrusion detection in the Internet of Things
Authors: Saheed Yakub Kayode , Misra Sanjay 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) has garnered considerable attention from academic and industrial circles as a pivotal technology in recent years. The escalation of security risks is observed to be associated with the growing interest in IoT applications. Intrusion detection systems (IDS) have been devised as viable instruments for identifying and averting malicious actions in this context. Several techniques described in academic papers are thought to be very accurate, but they cannot be used in the real world because the datasets used to build and test the models do not accurately reflect and simulate the IoT network. Existing methods, on the other hand, deal with these issues, but they are not good enough for commercial use because of their lack of precision, low detection rate, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and false acceptance rate (FAR). The effectiveness of these solutions is predominantly dependent on individual learners and is consequently influenced by the inherent limitations of each learning algorithm. This study introduces a new approach for detecting intrusion attacks in an IoT network, which involves the use of an ensemble learning technique based on gray wolf optimizer (GWO). The novelty of this study lies in the proposed voting gray wolf optimizer (GWO) ensemble model, which incorporates two crucial components: a traffic analyzer and a classification phase engine. The model employs a voting technique to combine the probability averages of the base learners. Secondly, the combination of feature selection and feature extraction techniques is to reduce dimensionality. Thirdly, the utilization of GWO is employed to optimize the parameters of ensemble models. Similarly, the approach employs the most authentic intrusion detection datasets that are accessible and amalgamates multiple learners to generate ensemble learners. The hybridization of information gain (IG) and principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to reduce dimensionality. The study utilized a novel GWO ensemble learning approach that incorporated a decision tree, random forest, K-nearest neighbor, and multilayer perceptron for classification. To evaluate the efficacy of the proposed model, two authentic datasets, namely, BoT-IoT and UNSW-NB15, were scrutinized. The GWO-optimized ensemble model demonstrates superior accuracy when compared to other machine learning-based and deep learning models. Specifically, the model achieves an accuracy rate of 99.98%, a DR of 99.97%, a precision rate of 99.94%, an ROC rate of 99.99%, and an FAR rate of 1.30 on the BoT-IoT dataset. According to the experimental results, the proposed ensemble model optimized by GWO achieved an accuracy of 100%, a DR of 99.9%, a precision of 99.59%, an ROC of 99.40%, and an FAR of 1.5 when tested on the UNSW-NB15 dataset.
UCP2 and pancreatic cancer: conscious uncoupling for therapeutic effect
Authors: Caggiano Emily G. , Taniguchi Cullen M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPancreatic cancer has an exaggerated dependence on mitochondrial metabolism, but methods to specifically target the mitochondria without off target effects in normal tissues that rely on these organelles is a significant challenge. The mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) has potential as a cancer-specific drug target, and thus, we will review the known biology of UCP2 and discuss its potential role in the pathobiology and future therapy of pancreatic cancer.
Comprehensive investigation of flood-resilient neighborhoods: the case of Adama City, Ethiopia
Authors: Leta Bikila Merga , Adugna Dagnachew , Wondim Alazar Assefa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAdama is the second most populous city in Ethiopia and experiences frequent flash floods that have a detrimental impact on the community’s livelihood. To this effect, this study emphasizes the significance of conducting a comprehensive investigation to identify flood-resilient neighborhoods in Adama City. By considering the existing spatial pattern and morphology that are resilient to urban flooding, the city can enhance its flood management strategies in the future. The findings of this study demonstrate varying levels of spatial connectivity within Adama City. Detailed examination of two neighborhoods identified through space syntax analysis with high and low spatial connectivity revealed important insights into flood resilience. The high-connective neighborhoods exhibited well-interconnected street systems with manageable street spacing, facilitating efficient runoff flow and effective flood management during flooding events. These neighborhoods also had shorter block sizes with frequent intersections, promoting better water drainage and reducing the risk of flooding during heavy rain events. The grid pattern observed in these areas allowed for efficient water runoff through multiple drainage paths, including the street surfaces. On the contrary, neighborhoods with low spatial connectivity exacerbated urban flooding. The lack of connectivity and abundance of dead-end streets posed challenges for flood evacuation during emergencies. Irregular block arrangements disrupted the natural drainage system, aggravating the potential for urban flooding. These findings have implications for other flood-prone areas of neighborhoods in Adama City and similar urban areas in the global south on how human settlements are arranged spatially to mitigate urban flood vulnerability.
A novel oil palm frond magnetic biochar for the efficient adsorption of crystal violet and sunset yellow dyes from aqueous solution: synthesis, kinetics, isotherm, mechanism and reusability studies
Authors: Oyekanmi Abdulrahman Adeleke , Katibi Kamil Kayode , Omar Rohayu Che , Ahmad Akil , Elbidi Moammar , Alshammari Mohammed B. , Shitu Ibrahim Garba 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study presented a facile synthesis route via the precipitation method for the production of magnetic biochar from oil palm frond (OPF). The physicochemical characteristics including surface, functional, and magnetic properties of the synthesized magnetic biochar revealed that the surface morphology, porosity, and magnetic properties enhanced its adsorption capacity for the removal of crystal violet (CV) and sunset yellow (SY) from aqueous solution. The saturation magnetization of OPF biochar was found to be 8.41 emu/g, coercivity (Hc) of 83.106 G, and retentivity (Mr) of 1.475 emu/g which implies that OPF magnetic biochar can be facilely separated from aqueous solution. The result also demonstrated superparamagnetic properties which provided suitable magnetic responsive characteristics to an external magnetic field. The interactive effect of the operational conditions of pH, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, and temperature was investigated in a batch adsorption study using the central composite design (CCD) of the response surface methodology (RSM). It was indicated that an increase in adsorbent dosage to 1.0 g/L at a lower initial concentration (50 ppm) conducted at 20 °C favoured optimum removal of CV and SY at pH 11 and 4, respectively. The Langmuir isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity ($$q_{\max }$$

q
max

) of 149.03 and 342.47 mg/g was achieved for CV and SY dyes, respectively. The kinetic data proved to be best fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic parameters revealed spontaneous and endothermic reactions. The suitability and sustainability of the magnetic biochar were enhanced by its regeneration potential for effective adsorption of CV and SY after 5 cycles which indicates its outstanding reusability. Hence, OPF magnetic biochar exhibited prospective application for the removal of dyes from wastewater.
Valorization of lignocellulosic platform products based on biorefinery schemes through sequential pretreatments
Authors: Poveda-Giraldo Jhonny Alejandro , Cardona Alzate Carlos Ariel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPretreatments have been identified as the core of lignocellulosic biorefinery design due to biomass fractionation and the influence on subsequent reaction and downstream processes. However, most pretreatments are described as single-step, maximizing the valorization of a side stream. Therefore, sequential pretreatments could better describe the integral valorization of lignocellulosic biomass to obtain platform products that can be further used for value-added products. This work experimentally analyzed the sequential pretreatments for the fractionation of rice husks to obtain individual lignocellulosic fractions. It was demonstrated that the dilute acid-wet air oxidation (DA-WAO) sequence is suitable for biorefinery designs since it is possible to solubilize up to 80% of hemicellulose during the first stage and subsequently fractionate almost 90% of lignin after the second stage, obtaining a pretreated solid with high cellulose content. The isolated lignocellulosic fractions were used as platform products to obtain furfural, levulinic acid, and phenolic compounds. As a main result, yields and conversions were improved when valorizing the cellulose platform based on sequential pretreatment. In contrast, valorizing the black liquor after a combination scheme decreased aldehyde yields such as vanillin and syringaldehyde by 4.8–11.9%. The findings indicate that from the biorefinery approach, sequential pretreatments improve the yield of platform products. Despite the decrease of phenolic compounds, levulinic acid and furfural production is significantly enhanced.
Hydroxypropyl sulfonated starch and Asperlligus oryzae biomass for cationic dye adsorption: characterization, mechanism, sorption modelling
Authors: Hashem A. , Aniagor Chukwunonso O. , Mohamed L. A. , Abdelgawad Abdelrahman M. , Aly A. A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this work, hydroxypropyl starch sulfate (HPSS) and Aspergillus oryzae (Asp. oryzae) were successfully synthesized and investigated for aqueous methylene blue (MB) adsorption. The as-prepared adsorbents were also characterized extensively using FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, and BET surface area analyses to elucidate their functional, textural, and morphological properties. Also, the effects of initial dye concentration, contact time, and pH on the adsorption performance of both adsorbents were systematically investigated. Due to the significant surface area differences, the HPSS recorded a higher maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 52.41 mg/g at 20 mg/L initial concentration, 60 min, and pH 8.0, while the Asp. oryzae recorded a qmax of 37.26 mg/g at 20 mg/L initial concentration, 60 min, and pH 9.0. Specifically, the –SO3 groups on the HPSS shared some electrostatic affinity with the MB dye cationic center (N+ backbone), while a hydrogen bond is formed between the hydroxyl groups of the starch and N+ backbone of the MB dye. Also, the nitrogen- and oxygen-containing groups on the Asp. oryzae provided active sites for the binding of MB species. Also, the XRD spectra of the loaded HPSS showed a decrease in the sharp crystalline peaks, while no structural changes were observed in the case of loaded Asp. oryzae. Therefore, the effectiveness of the HPSS and Asp. oryzae for adsorbing MB was established in the study.
Stable difference schemes for hyperbolic–parabolic equations with unknown parameter
Authors: Ashyraliyev Maksat , Ashyralyyeva Maral 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the present paper, we study the first and second order of accuracy difference schemes for the approximate solution of the inverse problem for hyperbolic–parabolic equations with unknown time-independent source term. The unique solvability of constructed difference schemes and the stability estimates for their solutions are obtained. The proofs are based on the spectral representation of the self-adjoint positive definite operator in a Hilbert space.
Medley deep reinforcement learning-based workload offloading and cache placement decision in UAV-enabled MEC networks
Authors: Ke Hongchang , Wang Hui , Sun Hongbin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInternet of Things devices generate a large number of heterogeneous workloads in real-time that require specific application to tackle, and the inability to communicate between devices and communication base stations due to complex scenarios is a thorny issue. Service caching play a key role in managing specific-request workload from devices, and unmanned aerial vehicles with computation and communication functions can effectively solve communication barrier between devices and ground base stations. In addition, the joint optimization of workload offloading and service cache placement is a key issue. Accordingly, we design an unmanned aerial vehicle-enabled mobile edge computing system with multiple devices, unmanned aerial vehicles and edge servers. The proposed framework takes into account the randomness of workload arrival, the time-varying nature of channel states, the limitations of the hosting service caching, and wireless communication blocking. Furthermore, we designed workload offloading and service caching hosting decision-making optimization problems to minimize the long-term weighted average latency and energy consumption costs. To tackle this joint optimization problem, we propose a request-specific workload offloading and service caching decision-making scheme based on the medley deep reinforcement learning scheme. To this end, the proposed scheme is decomposed into two-stage optimization subproblems: the workload offloading decision-making problem and the service caching hosting selection problem. In terms of the first subproblem, we model each device as a learning agent and propose the workloads offloading decision-making scheme based on multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient. For the second subproblem, we present the decentralized double deep Q-learning scheme to tackle the service caching hosting policy. According to the comprehensive experimental results, the proposed scheme is able to converge rapidly on various parameter configurations and whose performance surpasses the other four baseline learning algorithms.
Macroeconomic effects of green recovery programs
Authors: Köppl Angela , Schratzenstaller Margit 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper reviews the literature on (potential) green recovery measures in the context of the global financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on their macroeconomic effects. We find that spending for renewables and energy efficiency is particularly promising with regard to macroeconomic impacts. Moreover, the empirical evidence suggests that green recovery measures are associated with larger macroeconomic effects compared to conventional non-green recovery spending. We also derive lessons learned with regard to open questions and issues as well as accompanying framework conditions which could enhance a macroeconomically successful implementation of green recovery measures.
Market movement prediction using chart patterns and attention mechanism
Authors: Norasaed Witawat , Siriborvornratanakul Thitirat 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe new concept of forecasting market movements is introduced to fill the gap in stock price forecasting that uses a fixed time window. The candlestick data are grouped into waves before being input into the Transformer model to capture many different chart patterns and provide longer price movement patterns for better feature extraction. This work is divided into two main parts. The first part is wave extraction, for which we propose a new algorithm for grouping candlestick data into waves. The second part deals with Transformer modeling. The result of this work has shown that the Transformer model trained using wave series can help traders reduce their losses and choose a suitable trading strategy based on the prediction results. The model trading result of the test set has earned about 19.8% (using fixed 1 contract size per order) which is better than using MACD signal which can give earning of 12.5%.
“Lavender for Lads”: Smell and Nationalism in the Great War
Authors: Clark Jessica P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the Great War, home front schemes in support of wartime causes included the making and transportation of what were called smellies: homemade tokens and commercial gifts that invoked supposedly traditional British scents. For volunteers, this entailed the collection and distribution of homemade lavender and verbena bags as an allegedly effective—and practical—means of aiding those injured at the front. For others, like commercial perfumers, this meant the production of scented commodities like lavender water and eau de Cologne for transport to troops overseas. In both cases, supporters mobilized the symbolic power of perfumed items to promote a fictitious version of rural, white, English life that could allegedly be resumed after the conflict. These campaigns obscured the social, racial, gendered, and material realities of war. What resulted was a profoundly limited definition of British smells and, by extension, their idealized British recipients: white, English-born servicemen from across classes. While perfumed gifts were designed to comfort these select recipients and bring a sense of order to the front, accounts of gifts’ production and reception ultimately reveal fractures—and failures—in the deployment of national smells to order the disordered smellscapes of war.
Quaternary climatic events as conditioning factors of hydrogeologic characteristics and salinity in costal aquifers at northern Patagonia, Argentina
Authors: Carol Eleonora , Perdomo Santiago , Tanjal Carolina , Scivetti Nicolás , Alvarez María del Pilar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn arid and semiarid coastal areas, freshwater resources are scarce and are frequently affected by salinization processes. The aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of Late Quaternary climatic events on the hydrogeologic characteristics conditioning the distribution of fresh, brackish, and saline ground water in the Holocene and Pleistocene beach ridges in coastal aquifers of northern Patagonia. To achieve this, geologic, geomorphological, geophysical, hydrochemical, and isotopic studies were carried out, which allowed the identification of the hydrolithologic characteristics controlling groundwater salinity in a context of Quaternary geologic–geomorphological–climatic evolution. In Pleistocene beach ridges, it was recognized that the formation of calcretes in an arid period after Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e conditioned the permeability of superficial sediments, strongly decreasing infiltration rates. During the Holocene, beach ridges were deposited and sea water entered the Pleistocene ridges. Subsequently, with the sea-level drop and wetter climatic conditions, rainwater began to infiltrate, recharging the aquifers and displacing seawater, allowing development of freshwater lenses. However, freshwater lenses only developed in Holocene ridges due to the lower permeability of Pleistocene ridges, which determines that in these geoforms, sea water cannot be displaced by rainwater, and therefore groundwater is brackish to saline.
Life history and mitochondrial genomes of Salassinae and Agliinae (Insecta, Lepidoptera): New insights into the loss of cocooning behaviour and phylogeny of Saturniidae
Authors: Zheng Xuhongyi , Xu Zilong , Wang Dong , Zhou Changfa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe subfamilies Salassinae and Agliinae are two monogeneric groups of the family Saturniidae. They were regarded as the non-cocooning saturniids in Asia. Since very little information on their life history and mitogenome has been reported, their origin and evolution are still poorly understood. In this study, nature-imitated rearing is used to record the life history of two Aglia and five Salassa species. In addition, four complete mitogenomes are presented, which are the first ones of these two subfamilies. The results show that both Salassinae and Agliinae have lost their cocooning. Moreover, the phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that the subfamily Saturniinae is not monophyletic due to the inclusion of Agliinae and Salassinae.
A NEW ACROSTIC AND TELESTIC AT LAVS PISONIS 227–30?
Authors: Vos Gary P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article proposes a new acrostic (SAPI) and telestic (SOIS) at Laus Pisonis 227–30. Their position opposite one another is an indication that they are to be read as a single sentence and an admonition to both dedicatee and reader that poet and patron need each other to gain eternal fame. The telestic allows us to reconstruct the poet's usus scribendi of the reflexive possessive pronoun suus.