bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of traditional and complementary medicine by cancer patients seen at the Senkatana oncology clinic, Maseru, Lesotho
Authors: Sooro Mopa A. , Thoahlane Thabo S. , Ramathebane Maseabata V. , Mputsoe Kabelo A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The use of traditional and complementary medicine by cancer patients remains common in several countries especially in the Sub-Saharan Africa. However, the reasons for use are complex and change with time and space, they may vary from therapy to therapy, and they are different from one individual to another. The use of TCM has been associated with active coping behaviour and a way through which patients take control of their own health. However, cancer patients do not disclose their use of TCM to the attending healthcare professionals and therefore the effects of these medicines on the patients may not be ascertained.
Methods
A cross-sectional, quantitative study was conducted at Senkatana Oncology clinic in May to June 2023. Cancer patients were interviewed using structured questionnaires about their use of TCM. A structured questionnaire administered was adopted from the validated questionnaire used in another African country; Nigeria. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data.
Results
All interviewed patients (n = 50, 100%) reported to be using TCM. Respondents consisted of 24 females (48%) and 26 males (52%) in the age range 14 to 82 years old. The majority of the study population was in the age group 35–44 years old. The most prevalent cancer among participating males was prostate cancer and among females was cervical cancer. Breast cancer prevalence was the same among interviewed males and females. Biological products use was the most prominent with the highest average percentage usage (14.7%). Among these products herbal drugs and special diet/ nutritional therapies & supplements both consisted of 42% usage among study participants. The majority of patients (66%, n = 33) indicated that they just wanted to try everything that could help. Patients (n = 47, 94%) further reported that they had been using complementary medicine during the same period as they were using conventional treatment so that both may work to help each other.
Conclusions
It is concluded that all interviewed cancer patients use TCM. Patients indicated that one of the reasons for using TCM was that they wanted to try everything that could help in their cancer care. Patients did not inform their oncologist of their concurrent use of TCM because they had been advised not to use other medicines besides what they are given at the clinic.
Identification of risk factors for limb length inequality following hip replacemet：A Multivariate Analysis
Authors: Zhang Zhenxiang , Chen Guolin , Zhang Qinyang , Li Fanfan , Dou Hongmei , Zhang Chen , Bai Jintao , Zhang Yu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Postoperative limb length inequality (LLI) after hip replacement (HR) continues to pose major clinical difficulties. LLI can lead to a series of complications, affecting patients’ satisfaction and even causing patient litigation.This retrospective study aims to identify the risk factors for LLI in patients who underwent HR though univariate and multivariate analysis.
Methods
A total of 480 patients who underwent HR between January 2019 and December 2022 were included. The potential risk factors comprised three categories: patient factors (age, body mass index sex, body side, osteoporosis and diagnosis), surgery-related factors (anesthesia, operation technique, type of implants and surgeon volume), and radiological findings (postoperative LLI, femoral cortical index (FCI)), difference between the bilateral vertical center of rotations (DBV-COR), reserved length of calcar femorale (R-LOCF), restoration of femoral offset (FO), prosthesis femoral neck length (PFNL), and depth of insertion(DOI)). The risk factors might associated with LLI were determined by univariate and multivariate analysis.
Results
Risk factors associated with increased possibility of LLI were osteoporosis [odds ratio (OR) 1.705, confidence interval (CI) 1.047−2.778], anesthesia (OR 1.876, CI 1.256−2.802), reserved length of calcar femorale (OR 1.128, CI 1.037−1.226), restoration of femoral offset (OR 1.883, CI 1.288−2.752), and prosthesis femoral neck length (OR 1.051, CI 1.005−1.098).
Conclusions
The occurrence of LLI after hip replacement was most likely multifactorial and was related to osteoporosis, anesthesia, reserved length of calcar femorale, restoration of femoral offset, and prosthesis femoral neck length. When
performing hip arthroplasty, surgeons should consider these risk factors to avoid LLI following HR.
Frequency of oral lesions, olfactory and gustatory disorders and xerostomia in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Castilho Natália Lopes , Martelli Daniella R. Barbosa , Machado Renato Assis , Cunha Zêus Araujo , Reis Claudiojanes , Queiroz Priscila Regina , Silva Dayane de Sá , Oliveira Eduardo Araujo , Coletta Ricardo D. , Martelli-Júnior Hercílio 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the frequency of oral lesions, olfactory and gustatory disorders and xerostomia resulting from COVID-19.
Methods
An observational study was conducted with 414 patients to evaluate the frequency of oral symptoms resulting from COVID-19. Patients were diagnosed with mild symptoms and evaluated through clinical examination of the oral cavity and a questionnaire to assess functional alterations.
Results
The findings showed that 139 out of 414 patients presented clinical manifestations, with oral lesions being the most prevalent (19.1%), followed by gustatory disorders (18.1%), xerostomia (14.2%), and olfactory dysfunction (14%). The most prevalent oral lesions were ulcerations (n = 51), candidiasis (n = 8), and erythema or red plaques (n = 7). Unfortunately, 50 (12.1%) patients died during the study.
Conclusion
Therefore, oral lesions, olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions and xerostomia are common symptoms associated with COVID-19 observed. However, it cannot be concluded that they are directly caused by SARS-CoV-2, since some drugs used in the treatment of COVID-19 may interact with the development of oral alterations and xerostomia.
Associated Risk and Protective Factors with Mental Health and Substance Use Among University Students After COVID-19 Restrictions Were Lifted in Spain
Authors: Villalba Karina , del-Pino-Espejo María-José , Estévez Eladia Illescas , Blasco Tristán Pertíñez , Attonito Jennifer 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and substance use among students in Spain following the lifting of COVID-19 guidelines has not been adequately assessed. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and alcohol use, as well as identify significant risk and protective factors among university students after the relaxation of COVID-19 social guidelines.
Methods: A total of 490 university students from Andalusia, Spain, participated in the study. Frequencies and prevalence rates were calculated. Regression analyses identified significant risk and protective factors associated with the outcomes of interest.
Results: Our findings showed that after the COVID-19 guidelines were lifted, students displayed moderate levels of depression and anxiety, which were higher than those observed prior to the pandemic. Risk factors included a positive association between adverse traumatic experiences and alcohol use [F (2, 405) = 37.1, p < .02, R2 = .012]; between loneliness and anxiety in young females [F (3, 598) = 97.7, p < .03, R2 = .015]. Protective factors included a significant negative association between family closeness and anxiety [F (3, 678) = 23.6, p < .02, R2 = .109]; between spiritual connection and alcohol use in young males [F (2, 316) = 54.2, p < .05, R2 = .059]. Anger and stress were identified as common predictors of depression, anxiety, and alcohol use among both genders.
Conclusion: These results emphasize the ongoing importance of prioritizing the mental health of students in Andalusia, Spain, even in the post-pandemic era.
Serum albumin maintains Wnt water-solubility and activity
Authors: kim Chul Hoon , Yeo Joo Hye , Kwon Soon Sung , Chae Jiyeon , Kusen Ines , Han Jaeeun , Lim Ju Yeon , Cheong Jae-Ho , Kim Tae Il , Jung Yang Ouk , Lee Jinu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Wnt proteins regulate adult tissue homeostasis and repair by driving stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. High-performance Wnt preparations have enormous therapeutic potential, especially alongside various stem cell technologies. Currently, most of these Wnt preparations contain Fetal Bovine Serum or the detergent CHAPS to maintain Wnt solubility and activity. Recently, afamin was identified as a serum factor that solubilizes Wnt3a in conditioned media, obviating the requirement for animal sera. Here, we report serum albumin is required for afamin-mediated solubilization of Wnt3a in conditioned media. Moreover, Serum Albumin-mediated solubilization of purified Wnt3a in tubes does not require afamin. This means conventional CHAPS-Wnt3a preparations can be modified into Serum Albumin-purified Wnt3a preparations by exchanging CHAPS for Serum Albumin through dialysis. Serum Albumin-purified Wnt3a preparations effectively promote the growth of human stem cell organoids. These data suggest Serum Albumin as a physiological factor for maintaining Wnt3a activity in therapeutic applications.
Total MRI Burden of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease is Associated with Ischemic Stroke Recurrence in Patients Treated with Intravenous Thrombolysis: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Liu Xueyun , Wu Xiaosan , Yan Sunhong , Wang Long , Li Huan , Yu Liqiang , Fang Chuanqin , Fang Qi , Li Qi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background and Objectives:
It remains unclear whether the total cerebral small vessel diseases (CSVD) burden can predict risk of recurrent ischemic stroke in patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). We aim to investigate the association between the total CSVD burden and recurrent ischemic stroke in patients treated with IVT.
Methods
We enrolled patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) undergoing IVT between September 2017 and June 2019. According to the total burden rating scale of CSVD on MRI, we calculated the total CSVD burden score. Study participants were followed up regularly by two neurologists at 3,6,12,24 and 36 months after the index AIS onset. We used Kaplan–Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regression models to attempt to prove the associations between the total CSVD burden and recurrent ischemic stroke.
Results
We found that recurrent ischemic stroke events in patients treated with IVT were associated with total CSVD burden, higher cumulative incidence rates of recurrent stroke were more common in higher CSVD score (log-rank P ≤ 0.001). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, diabetes (adjusted HR = 4.065,95%CI = 2.143–7.713, P = 0.000), secondary prevention (adjusted HR = 0.322,95%CI = 0.150–0.691, P = 0.004), and the total CSVD score of 3 point (adjusted HR = 4.907,95%CI = 1.017–23.678, P = 0.048), 4 point (adjusted HR = 13.480,95%CI = 2.587–70.245, P = 0.002) were independently associated with recurrent ischemic strokes within 3 years. However, the total CSVD score of 1 point (adjusted HR = 1.524,95%CI = 0.313–7.412, P = 0.602), 2 point (adjusted HR = 3.111,95%CI = 0.668–14.495, P = 0.148) were not associated with recurrent ischemic stroke. Increasing CSVD score was also associated with all-cause mortality and ischemic stroke events mortality during follow-up in patients treated with IVT.
Conclusions
Total CSVD burden was associated with recurrent ischemic stroke in patients treated with IVT. Most notably the total CSVD score of 3 or 4 resulted in a more than 4-fold increase in risk of recurrent ischemic stroke in patients treated with IVT.
The Mediating Effects of Thought Suppression, Emotion Suppression, and Self-Esteem on the Relationship between Mindfulness and Depression in Youth: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Xuanyi , Chen Shulin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background Youths are particularly susceptible to depression, as they face a critical but vulnerable phase of cognitive development. Cognitive interventions for youth depression are therefore warranted. Mindfulness, considered as the third wave of the cognitive revolution, shows great potential to address risk factors of depression, especially suppression and low self-esteem. Therefore, this study aims to explore the mediating role of thought suppression, emotion suppression, and self-esteem between mindfulness and depressive symptoms. Methods A sample of 607 participants (age = 22.00 ± 2.63 years, 62.1% female) completed a questionnaire regarding mindfulness, thought suppression, emotion suppression, self-esteem, and depression. Data were analyzed using linear regression and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results (1) The results showed that the total effect of mindfulness on depression was − 0.642. The direct mediating effects of self-esteem and thought suppression were − 0.407 and − 0.086, respectively. The chain mediating effects of emotion suppression–thought suppression and emotion suppression–self-esteem were − 0.035 and − 0.037, respectively, while the direct effect of mindfulness on depression was not significant (p = 0.174). (2) Among the five facets of mindfulness, acting with awareness, non-judgment, and describing were the strongest predictors of self-esteem (β = 0.419), thought suppression (β= −0.425), and emotion suppression (β= −0.292), respectively. Conclusions Thought suppression and self-esteem directly mediated the relationship between mindfulness and depression. There were also chain mediating effects of emotion suppression–thought suppression and emotion suppression–self-esteem on the relationship between mindfulness and depression. Different mindfulness facets play various roles in the relationship. These findings may provide useful suggestions for intervention and prevention of depression.
Structural and electronic insights in 1-ethyl-3- methylimidazolium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide ion pair conformers: ab intio DFT study
Authors: Wagaye Abraham M , Yohannes Teketel , Workneh Getachew Adam 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Among all possible ionic liquids, which are potential candidates for electrolytic solvents in lithium ion batteries, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fuorosulfonyl)imide [EMI[FSI] is the most noteworthy, mainly due to its lower viscosity. To further advance the development of electrolytes with improved electrochemical performance, it is imperative to understand, at a molecular level, the underlying molecular and electronic interactions which influence the viscosity and transport properties of the ionic liquids. With this in mind, therefore, we present detailed structural and electronic insights of imidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ion pairs. The structures of cations, anions, and cation-anion ion pairs of the conformers were optimized systematically at ω97X-D levels with the DGDZVD basis sets considering both the empirical dispersion corrections and the presence of a polar solvent, and their most stable geometries were obtained.The nature of molecular interactions in a series of the ion pair conformers were thoroughly discussed by analyzing the interaction energies, stabilization energies and natural orbital analysis of the ion pair conformers.The [FSI]− anions, unlike the [TFSI]− anions, exist on top position with respect to the imidazolium rings. On the basis of a distance criteria, the [EMI]+ and [FSI]− ions show distances of rather weak hydrogen bonds. The [EMI]+ cation and [FSI]− anions tend to form multiple σ* and π* interactions, but reducing the strength of the individual contributions from a potential (linear) maximum.
Practice of team-based learning (TBL) based on network platform in teaching surgical abdominal emergency
Authors: Wu Ping , Zhou Yiman , Lv Wenjie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective:To explore the application and effect of team-based learning (TBL) based on network platform in teaching surgical abdominal emergency.Methods:A total of 80 fourth-year medical students from Shanghai Jiao Tong University's five-year clinical medicine program were enrolled. They were randomly assigned to two groups: the control group (n = 40) used the online large class teaching method, and the experimental group (n = 40) used the online TBL. The teaching effect of web-based TBL was evaluated by collecting the subjective evaluation of the experimental group and the objective test results of both groups through a questionnaire.Results:Online TBL was well-received by most students. More than 80% of them found the teaching method interesting, and more than 90% of them gave a high rating to the improvement of their learning ability with online TBL. The experimental group scored significantly higher than the control group in the objective tests (P < 0.05).Conclusion:The network-based TBL is preferred by most students. TBL curricula are more conducive to medical student learning and engagement and have better learning outcomes.
Sub-lethal effects of broflanilide a novel meta-diamide on Spodoptera frugiperda after long exposure
Authors: Li Mingjian , Mbuji Amosi Leonard , Zuo Chengxiao , Lv Shenglan , Wang Xuegui , Zhang Lei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a polyphagous migratory insect which causes large economic losses in maize. Broflanilide is a novel meta-diamide insecticide with high efficiency to control Lepidoptera pests including S. frugiperda. In this study, broflanilide showed higher toxicity to S. frugiperda larvae (48h LD50, 0.041 μg/g) than commercial insecticides, including emamectin benzoate (0.27 μg/g), spinetoram (0.516 μg/g), indoxacarb (2.507 μg/g), chlorfenapyr (7.143 μg/g), chlorantraniliprole (0.085 μg/g) and lambda-cyhalothrin (0.152 μg/g). For sublethal effect, after being treated by broflanilide with LD30 (0.031 μg/g) dose, for F0 generation, third to sixth instar and total longevity was significantly prolonged by 0.68 days and 4.28 days respectively in the treated cohort and the fecundity of individuals was significantly decreased by 416 eggs per female. For the F1 generation, however, the time from the third to the sixth instar was greatly shortened by 0.91 days, and the number of individuals per female was significantly reduced by 306 eggs. Moreover, we also found that the mRNA expression of the developmental stage related EcR, USP, JHAMT, Vg, CYP306A1 and CYP307A1 genes were significantly decreased in the F0 generation of treated cohort, except CYP18A1. The mRNA expression of the EcR, USP, JHAMT, Vg, CYP18A1 and CYP315A1 were significantly decreased in the F1 generation of a treated cohort, whereas the mRNA expression of the CYP307A1 was significantly increased. The results indicated that a sublethal dose of broflanilide affects the reproduction and development of S. frugiperda, which may be accomplished by influencing the levels of juvenile and molting hormones.
A potential broad-spectrum live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine derived from pangolin coronavirus and insights into the immune evasion mechanisms of XBB.1.16 variant
Authors: Song Lihua , Lu Shanshan , Luo Shengdong , Bai Bingke , Jiang Liangliang , Fan Zhenping , Wei Lai , Hai Luyang , Xu Wen , Mao Panyong , An Xiaoping , Fan Huahao , Chen Weiwei , Zhao Ping , Tong Yigang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Harnessing SARS-CoV-2 related viruses from wild animals for live vaccines is an underexplored but promising approach, akin to the vaccinia virus used against smallpox. This study evaluated the potential of a live-attenuated vaccine derived from the pangolin coronavirus GX_P2V. We observed that the attenuated mutant, GX_P2V(short_3UTR), conferred significant and long-lasting protection against SARS-CoV-2 in golden hamsters, particularly after two doses. Furthermore, we show that sera from vaccinated convalescents of SARS-CoV-2 variant XBB.1.16 exhibited high titers of neutralizing antibody against GX_P2V(short_3UTR), suggesting GX_P2V(short_3UTR) shares neutralizing epitopes with XBB.1.16. We also show that the same sera from convalescents of XBB.1.16 displayed significantly reduced titers against the XBB.1.16 variant itself, suggesting a decoy-like immune evasion strategy that high-level cross-neutralizing antibodies induced by highly immunogenic epitopes of XBB.1.16 may not be able to efficiently neutralize the virus itself. Our findings emphasize GX_P2V(short_3UTR)'s potential as a broad-spectrum SARS-CoV-2 live vaccine and shed light on novel immune evasion mechanisms of the XBB.1.16 variant.
Characterization and Application: Tri- parameter Strength Criterion for Rocks Based on Ultimate Stress Ratio
Authors: WANG Shao-Liang , Sun haixia , chen sili , wang guangyin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To precisely analyze the yield and failure laws of rock materials under complex stress states, a new multi-parameter strength criterion for rocks characterized ultimate stress ratio considering the effects of hydrostatic pressure and principal stress based on the du-τ2 strength theory is proposed. To verify the applicability and rationality, the test data of five rock materials under complex stress states and the H-B criterion are experimentally and theoretically compared with the criterion. The results show that the strength criterion has strong flexibility, and the shape of the yield curve in the π plane varies between ellipse and hyperbola, because the parameters are determined by the material's own ultimate stress ratios, and the Tresca criterion and Mises criterion is only a special case of this criterion; the principal stress space is approximately conical; the theoretical curve agrees better with the experimental data of various rock materials than the H-B criterion; the new theory is feasible and supplementary to the development of strength theories and has great theoretical significance and application value. 1. A new multi-parameter rock strength criterion was proposed, incorporating the influence of confining pressure and principal stresses, characterized by the limit stress ratio, demonstrating significant flexibility. 2. Through experimental data validation, this criterion exhibits better applicability in describing the yield and failure behavior of rock materials under complex stress conditions, proving to be more rational compared to the traditional H-B criterion. 3. This research provides a novel theoretical foundation for rock material strength theory, holding significant theoretical implications and practical value for applications in rock engineering and geology.