bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Precursor Solution Temperature on the Morphology and Electrochemical Performance of Electrodeposited MnO 2 Nanofilms for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhao Haodong , Zhao Junshan , Zhang Ming , Chen Die , Yang Dingyu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This study investigated the impact of precursor solution temperature on the electrodeposition of MnO 2 material, which were prepared on a nickel substrate using the electrodeposition method under varying precursor solution temperatures of 25℃, 40℃, 50℃, and 60℃, respectively. The morphology and structure of the MnO 2 nanomaterials were characterized using SEM and TEM. These materials were subsequently employed as anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries to study their electrochemical performance. The results indicate that an increase in temperature induces preferential aggregation and growth of MnO 2 nanosheets towards specific orientations, which is advantageous for enhancing the electrochemical performance of MnO 2 electrode materials. Notably, the electrode material prepared at a solution temperature of 50℃ exhibited optimal performance. At 50℃, the initial discharge specific capacity reached a remarkable 1476.7 mAh g-1 , and the rate capability even exceeded twice that at 25℃. Additionally, the charge transfer impedance was lower, which could be attributed to the growth of the highly conductive β-MnO 2 main phase under 50℃. However, excessively high temperatures impede this growth process, leading to a reduction in electrochemical performance. This study presents a novel approach for effectively improving electrodeposited nanomaterials, offering insights into the optimization of electrochemical performance.
Medical Image Fusion with Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Liang Nannan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Medical image fusion aims to fuse multiple images from a single or multiple imaging modes to enhance their corresponding clinical applications in diagnosing and evaluating medical problems, a trend that has attracted increasing attention. However, most recent medical image fusion methods require prior knowledge, making it difficult to select image features. In this paper, we propose a novel deep medical image fusion method based on a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) for directly learning image features from original images. Specifically, source images are first decomposed by low rank representation to obtain the principal and salient components, respectively. Following that, the deep features are extracted from the decomposed principal components via DCNN and fused by a weighted-average rule. Then, considering the complementary between the salient components obtained by the low rank representation, a simple yet effective sum rule is designed to fuse the salient components. Finally, the fused result is obtained by reconstructing the principal and salient components. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms several state-of-the-art medical image fusion approaches in terms of both objective indices and visual quality.
Color Image Encryption System based Fractionalhyperchaotic, Fibonacci matrix and Quaternion algebra
Authors: Chaker Rachid , ogri Omar El , BOUA Abdelkarim 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this study, we use quaternion algebra, quaternion discrete fractional Charlier transform(QDFCTs), Fibonacci matrix and fractional 7D hyperchaotic Lorenz-Like system to encryptioncolor images. Also, we present a new color image encryption and decryption scheme based anew algorithm consisting of two basic steps: first step, the 7D hyperchaotic Lorenz-like systemwith fractional order generates random numbers that we use to change pixel positions. In thesecond step, we split the permitted image into blocks of dimensions 8 x 8, then we diffusedeach of them a first time with the Fibonacci matrix and to increase the effectiveness of thismethod we enhance it by using the fractional discrete Charlier transform (FrDCTs). Theefficiency of our proposed algorithm is evaluated using obfuscation and data segmentationattacks, correlation coefficient and graphing, differential attacks, keyspace, entropy and highsensitivity. The obtained results show a high level of security performance and excellent colorimage encryption efficiency.
Aspects of public attention on popular nonindigenous species, as determined by a comprehensive assessment of Japanese social media
Authors: Tomojiri Daiki , Takaya Kosuke 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Invasion culturomics is an emerging field of study that utilizes digital data existing on the Internet to reveal the human dimension of nonindigenous species (NIS) invasions. Although hypothetical approaches have been used to examine explanatory variables that predict the amount of public attention by using proxies, it has been difficult to observe direct associations between these variables. Here, we aimed to deepen our understanding of the relationship between people and NIS by analyzing the content of texts about NIS on social media, and by clarifying the context and aspects to which public attention is directed. Specifically, we quantified tweets about NIS to identify popular NIS that attract a lot of public attention on Twitter. We also identified hidden topics in which NIS names occurred by applying topic modeling to tweets, and we investigated the topic distribution over popular NIS. A relatively small number of species were selected as popular NIS for further analysis, and 25 hidden topics were identified from all the tweets used in the analysis. The topic distribution over popular NIS had three patterns across taxonomic groups: (1) biased among topics but consistent within taxonomic groups; (2) relatively even among topics and consistent within taxonomic groups; and (3) not consistent within taxonomic groups and with biases differing among species. These findings can provide important insights into the formulation of a better strategy for NIS management by approaching the social and human dimensions of NIS invasion; such a strategy would include information dissemination, environmental education, and management campaigns.
Machine Learning-Based Credit Risk Assessment for Predicting Loan Defaulters in Ethiopian Banking industry
Authors: Asresa Tsega , Dargaso Tekle , Bayih Melaku 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Machine Learning is an AI technique, empowers organizations globally to gain insights from their data and achieve success. This study focuses on improving risk management of banking in Ethiopia by employing machine learning techniques to detect and predict loan defaulters, ultimately mitigating bad loans. The research aims to distinguish borrowers who repay loans promptly from those who don't, forecast potential defaults, and assess the creditworthiness of prospective customers without overhauling existing systems and data. To showcase the study's results, classification models are constructed to reveal significant patterns among customer attributes. The primary objective is to apply cutting-edge machine learning algorithms to classify bank loan defaulters. Several machine learning algorithms, including Random Forest, Decision Tree, Gradient Boosting (GB), XGBoost, and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), are employed in the process. Various data split ratios, such as 70/30, 60/40, and 90/10, are explored, alongside the 80/20 data split, to build classification models for each classifier algorithm. Based on the experiment's outcomes, the 70/30 split is selected for its superior accuracy. The study evaluates the performance of these algorithms using metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The results indicate that the Gradient Boosting classification technique surpasses other algorithms, achieving a training accuracy of 98.7% and a testing accuracy of 97.8%.
A complete overview of Packaging discoloration &amp; delamination of Salt packs (Iodized) at market places under conditions relevant to product packaging, ageing &amp; stabilization of filled polymers and product storage.
Authors: Haque Azizul 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Polymeric packaging protects food during storage and transportation and withstands mechanical & thermal stresses from high temperature. Packaged salt containing potassium iodate was produced at Bangladeshi commercial facility. The outer pack became discolored, turning yellow following layer separation, delamination to a degree that would impact consumer acceptance at market places. Therefore, there was a need for an investigation to find out the actual root cause and possible remedy for this discoloration and delamination. The components of the packaged salt product, storage conditions, and processing characteristics along with packaging structures as well as packaging design were taken into consideration. Salt samples were prepared with iodine and stored at 25˚C and 45˚C in glass & polyethylene or commercial polymer film. Salt samples containing iodine when heated before storage, packaging material turned yellow in color. From this study, it was found that due to heat and the presence of a sacrificial antioxidant component in the packaging film, potassium iodate was reduced to elemental Iodine (I2) turning packaged salt samples to a yellow/orange color and simultaneously outer packaging also turning yellowish. Hence it is recommended that in the manufacture of foods containing potassium iodate, the packaging material selected should be free from readily accessible antioxidants. Again, Salt is a translucent mineral that appears white. For NaCl, with heat or other environmental conditions, the concentration of the metal Sodium (Na) could increase in the compound and changes the salt and outer packaging yellowish simultaneously. Again, iron is present in the NaCl crystals, which can impact the yellow color of the crystals. If it contains impurities, it may take on other colors, integrating additives or cleaners into the salt pellets to improve the whiteness and can change the salt color as well. Salt itself has no expiration date but salt products that contain iodine or seasonings can deteriorate over time.
Social context of establishing criminal liability for interference in the activities of a state official
Authors: Maltseva Anastasiia 
Published: December 2023

The concepts of "state" and "security" are closely related. The prospects for the development of statehood will largely depend on the ability of the state and society to create a system of security measures that is adequate to the level of threats.
The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that the proper functioning of the state requires proper activities of persons representing the highest levels of state power. In case of encroachment or direct intervention in their activities, this can threaten national security. Therefore, this issue is relevant and requires detailed consideration.
It is necessary to ensure effective, comprehensive interaction between state authorities. For this purpose, the effectiveness of the performance of official duties by officials of the highest state authorities to the full extent and without possible interference in their activities arises. The state is obliged to ensure proper protection of such persons, including at the regulatory and legal level.
The purpose of the article is to investigate the grounds for establishing criminal liability for a specific criminal offense provided for in Article 344 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine and to clarify whether the existence of the aforementioned criminal prohibition is socially conditioned.
To achieve the stated goal, this scientific work analyzes the norms of the law on the issue of criminal liability for interference in the activities of a state official.
The author characterizes the concept of criminalization of an act and examines the grounds and principles for establishing criminal liability for this criminal offense. The issue of the social conditioning of the criminal-legal norm and the circumstances that led to its adoption is investigated. Statistical data for the period from 2015 to 2021 are considered.
As a result, it is concluded that the criminalization of an act that involves interference in the activities of a state official is socially conditioned and necessary to ensure the proper functioning of the state and national security.
Intentional introduction into circulation on the market of Ukraine (releasing on the market of Ukraine) of dangerous products: problems of defining and establishing mandatory signs of this criminal offense
Authors: Plaksiuk Inna 
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of current problems of legal definition and establishment of mandatory elements of the criminal offense (crime) provided for in Article 227 "Deliberate introduction into circulation on the market of Ukraine (release on the market of Ukraine) of dangerous products" of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Mandatory signs of the objective side of the investigated criminal offense have been established. Attention is focused on the moment of the end of the crime.
The expediency of improving Article 227 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine by including in its provision a socially dangerous consequence of alternative types, as well as by adding part 2 of the specified article with circumstances aggravating criminal liability for the analyzed criminal offense, is substantiated. Such circumstances are recognized as the repeated commission of an act either by prior conspiracy by a group of persons or with the occurrence of serious consequences, or by an official using his official position.
Collaboration activities in the form of public calls and denials of armed aggression against Ukraine: practice of application
Authors: Kozachenko Oleksandr Vasylovych , Musychenko Olha Mykhailivna 
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the scientific analysis of certain problems of criminal legal qualification for collaboration activities under Part 1 of Art. 111-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The author makes a criminal law analysis of this provision as one of the manifestations of collaboration activity which is criminalized in law. Some problems of qualification are considered, related to the need to distinguish between the provisions of Part 1 of Article 111-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine of Ukraine and parts 1 and 2 of Article 436-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The article analyzes the court decisions under Part 1 of Article 111-1 of the CC of Ukraine, and certain problems regarding application of this provision in practice, and based on this, a number of conclusions and the author's proposals were formulated. The authors point out certain flaws in the wording of Art. 111-1 of the CC of Ukraine, and associate this with the lack of the necessary scientific justification for the allocation of substantive features of collaboration activities, which the legislator would rely on when criminalizing this type of socially dangerous act. The study argues that acts in the form of public calls for illegal elections and/or referendums should be classified as criminal offenses, namely to define this form in Part 1 of Art. 111-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, given that public calls, public objections are not manifestations of collaborationism in the classical understanding as cooperation with the enemy under occupation. On the basis of the studied criminal proceedings, the ineffectiveness of the application of a single punishment in the form of deprivation of the right to hold certain positions and engage in certain activities. Therefore, it is proposed to provide for alternative penalties in parts 1 and 2 of Art. 111-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine to provide for alternative penalties in the form of a penalty and public services.
Recent Advancements in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Multitarget-directed Ligand Approach
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Mahajan Amol , Ambatwar Ramesh , Khatik Gopal L. 
Published: December 2023

:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease and one of the leading causes of progressive dementia, affecting 50 million people worldwide. Many pathogenic processes, including amyloid β aggregation, tau hyperphosphorylation, oxidative stress, neuronal death, and deterioration of the function of cholinergic neurons, are associated with its progression. The one-compound-one-target treatment paradigm was unsuccessful in treating AD due to the multifaceted nature of Alzheimer's disease. The recent develop-ment of multitarget-directed ligand research has been explored to target the complemen-tary pathways associated with the disease. We aimed to find the key role and progress of MTDLs in treating AD; thus, we searched for the past ten years of literature on “Pub-Med”, “ScienceDirect”, “ACS” and “Bentham Science” using the keywords neurodegen-erative diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, and multitarget-directed ligands. The literature was further filtered based on the quality of work and relevance to AD. Thus, this review high-lights the current advancement and advantages of multitarget-directed ligands over tradi-tional single-targeted drugs and recent progress in their development to treat AD.
Vaccinomics: Paving the Way for Personalized Immunization
Authors: Al-Eitan Laith Naser , ElMotasem Moh’d. Fahmi Munib , Khair Iliya Yacoub , Alahmad Saif Zuhair 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Vaccines are one of the most important medical advancements in human history. They have been
successfully used to control and limit the spread of many of the lethal diseases that have plagued us, such as
smallpox and polio. Previous vaccine design methodologies were based on the model of "isolate-inactivate inject", which amounts to giving the same vaccine dose to everyone susceptible to infection. In recent years,
the importance of how the host genetic background alters vaccine response necessitated the introduction of
vaccinomics, which is aimed at studying the variability of vaccine efficacy by associating genetic variability
and immune response to vaccination. Despite the rapid developments in variant screening, data obtained from
association studies is often inconclusive and cannot be used to guide the new generation of vaccines. This review aims to compile the polymorphisms in HLA and immune system genes and examine the link with their
immune response to vaccination. The compiled data can be used to guide the development of new strategies
for vaccination for vulnerable groups. Overall, the highly polymorphic HLA locus had the highest correlation
with vaccine response variability for most of the studied vaccines, and it was linked to variation in multiple
stages of the immune response to the vaccines for both humoral and cellular immunity. Designing new vaccine technologies and immunization regiments to accommodate for this variability is an important step for
reaching a vaccinomics-based approach to vaccination
Aromatic Plants as Potential Resources to Combat Osteoarthritis
Authors: Maring Maphibanri , C. Balaji , M. Komala , Nandi Sisir , S. Latha , H. Balaji Raghavendran 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Osteoarthritis, which affects an estimated 10% of men and 18% of women over the
age of 60 and is increasing in genetic prevalence and incidence, is acknowledged as the condition
that degrades the quality of life for older adults in the world. There is currently no known
treatment for osteoarthritis. The majority of therapeutic methods slow the progression of arthritis
or treat its symptoms, making effective treatment to end the degenerative process of arthritis elusive.
When non-pharmacological therapy is ineffective, various pharmacological therapies may
be used to treat osteoarthritis. Pharmacological therapy, however, can have major adverse effects
and be very expensive. As a result, alternative remedies have been researched. The promise for
the safe and efficient management of osteoarthritis has been demonstrated by herbal remedies.
Experimental research suggests that herbal extracts and compounds can reduce inflammation,
inhibit catabolic processes, and promote anabolic processes that are important for treating osteoarthritis.
Due to their therapeutic and innate pharmacological qualities, aromatic herbs are frequently
employed as herbal remedies. Recent research has shown that aromatic plants have the
potency to treat osteoarthritis. Additionally, complex mixtures of essential oils and their bioactive
ingredients, which have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and are obtained from
aromatic plants, are frequently utilized as complementary therapies for osteoarthritis. To establish
new study avenues, the advantageous anti-osteoarthritic effects of aromatic herbal medicines,
including plants, essential oils, and their bioactive components, are extensively discussed.
Antianemic Activity of Allolobophora caliginosa Extract against
Phenylhydrazine-induced Anemia in Rats
Authors: Ahmed Nevien S. , Baiomy Ahmed A.A. , Mohamed Ayman S. , Fahmy Sohair R. , Ahmed Kawkab A. , Elbatran May M. 
Published: December 2023

Background::
Anemia is a global hematological disorder. Earthworms have antimicrobial,
antispasmodic, antihypertensive, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, and anticoagulant properties.

Objective::
Our study aimed to investigate the anti-anemic activity of the earthworm Allolobophora
caliginosa extract (AcE) on phenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anemia in rats.

Methods::
Eighteen adult male albino rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 6 per group)
as follows: Control, PHZ, and AcE-treated groups. Induction of anemia was done by intraperitoneal
administration of phenylhydrazine (40 mg/kg) for 2 consecutive days. Treatment of AcE by
intraperitoneal injection (45 mg/kg) for six successive days.

Results::
Treatment of anemic rats with AcE extract caused significant increases in red blood cells
(RBCs), hemoglobin (HB), hematocrit (HCT), total protein (TP), albumin, glutathione reduced
(GSH), catalase (CAT), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), as compared to the PHZ group.
While, mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
(MCHC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase
(ALP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) levels significantly decreased after intraperitoneal
administration of AcE, when compared to the PHZ group. Liver sections from the AcEtreated
group restored the normal micromorphological features of the liver. The expression of caspase-
3 was weak and/or there was no expression in the liver sections from AcE groups. AcE caused a
significant reduction in the incidence of DNA damage, which appeared as less DNA in the tails.

Conclusion::
The present research sheds light on the antianemic efficacy of AcE in rats. This
study reveals that AcE has antianemic activity, which can be linked to its iron and branched-chain
amino acid content, as well as antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties.