bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced exercise capacity for muscle mass in adolescents living with obesity
Authors: Colapelle Juliano , St‐Pierre Julie , Erdstein Julius , Lands Larry C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdolescents living with obesity (AlwO) can have limited exercise capacity. Exercise capacity can be predicted by a 2‐factor model comprising lung function and leg muscle function, but no study has looked at cycling leg muscle function and its contribution to cycling exercise capacity in AlwO.MethodsTwenty‐two nonobese adolescents and 22 AlwO (BMI > 95 percentile) were studied. Anthropometry, body composition (dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry), spirometry, 30‐s isokinetic work capacity, and maximal exercise (cycle ergometry) were measured.ResultsAlwO had greater total body mass, lean body mass, and lean leg mass (LLM). Lung function trended higher in AlwO. Leg 30‐s work did not differ in absolute terms or per allometrically scaled LLM. Peak oxygen consumption did not differ between the groups in absolute terms or as percent predicted values (79.59 ± 14.6 vs. 82.3 ± 11.2% predicted control versus ALwO) but was lower in AlwO when expressed per kg body mass, kg lean body mass, scaled lean body mass, and LLM. Peak oxygen consumption related to both lung function and 30‐s work, with no observed group effect. 30‐s leg work related to the scaled LLM, with a small group effect. There was some correlation between leg work and time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity in AlwO (rs = 0.39, p = .07).ConclusionAlwO have larger LLM and preserved exercise capacity, when expressed as percentage of predicted, but not per allometrically scaled LLM. Increasing time spent in moderate to vigorous activity may benefit AlwO.
Immunomodulation of wound healing leading to efferocytosis
Authors: Zhao Yun , Li Minxiong , Mao Jiayi , Su Yinghong , Huang Xin , Xia Wenzheng , Leng Xiangfeng , Zan Tao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEffectively eliminating apoptotic cells is precisely controlled by a variety of signaling molecules and a phagocytic effect known as efferocytosis. Abnormalities in efferocytosis may bring about the development of chronic conditions, including angiocardiopathy, chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases. During wound healing, failure of efferocytosis leads to the collection of apoptosis, the release of necrotic material and chronic wounds that are difficult to heal. In addition to the traditional phagocytes‐macrophages, other important cell species including dendritic cells, neutrophils, vascular endothelial cells, fibroblasts and keratinocytes contribute to wounding healing. This review summarizes how efferocytosis‐mediated immunomodulation plays a repair‐promoting role in wound healing, providing new insights for patients suffering from various cutaneous wounds.
Machine Learning for Quantitative Structural Information from Infrared Spectra: The Case of Palladium Hydride
Authors: Usoltsev Oleg , Tereshchenko Andrei , Skorynina Alina , Kozyr Elizaveta , Soldatov Alexander , Safonova Olga , Clark Adam H. , Ferri Davide , Nachtegaal Maarten , Bugaev Aram 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInfrared spectroscopy (IR) is a widely used technique enabling to identify specific functional groups in the molecule of interest based on their characteristic vibrational modes or the presence of a specific adsorption site based on the characteristic vibrational mode of an adsorbed probe molecule. The interpretation of an IR spectrum is generally carried out within a fingerprint paradigm by comparing the observed spectral features with the features of known references or theoretical calculations. This work demonstrates a method for extracting quantitative structural information beyond this approach by application of machine learning (ML) algorithms. Taking palladium hydride formation as an example, Pd‐H pressure‐composition isotherms are reconstructed using IR data collected in situ in diffuse reflectance using CO molecule as a probe. To the best of the knowledge, this is the first example of the determination of continuous structural descriptors (such as interatomic distance and stoichiometric coefficient) from the fine structure of vibrational spectra, which opens new possibilities of using IR spectra for structural analysis.
Robust Magnetic Proximity Induced Anomalous Hall Effect in a Room Temperature van der Waals Ferromagnetic Semiconductor Based 2D Heterostructure
Authors: Wu Hao , Yang Li , Zhang Gaojie , Jin Wen , Xiao Bichen , Zhang Wenfeng , Chang Haixin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDeveloping novel high‐temperature van der Waals ferromagnetic semiconductor materials and investigating their interface coupling effects with 2D topological semimetals are pivotal for advancing next‐generation spintronic and quantum devices. However, most van der Waals ferromagnetic semiconductors exhibit ferromagnetism only at low temperatures, limiting the proximity research on their interfaces with topological semimetals. Here, an intrinsic, van der Waals layered room‐temperature ferromagnetic semiconductor crystal, FeCr0.5Ga1.5Se4 (FCGS), is reported with a Curie temperature (TC) as high as 370 K, setting a new record for van der Waals ferromagnetic semiconductors. The saturation magnetization at low temperature (2 K) and room temperature (300 K) reaches 8.2 and 2.7 emu g−1, respectively. Furthermore, FCGS possesses a bandgap of ≈1.2 eV, which is comparable to the widely used commercial silicon. The FCGS/graphene 2D heterostructure exhibits an impeccably smooth and gapless interface, thereby inducing a robust van der Waals magnetic proximity coupling effect between FCGS and graphene. After the proximity coupling, graphene undergoes a charge carrier transition from electrons to holes, accompanied by a transition from non‐magnetic to ferromagnetic transport behavior with robust anomalous Hall effect (AHE). Notably, the van der Waals magnetic proximity‐induced AHE remains robust even up to 400 K.
Reviving Europe's rivers: Seven challenges in the implementation of the Nature Restoration Law to restore free‐flowing rivers
Authors: Stoffers Twan , Altermatt Florian , Baldan Damiano , Bilous Olena , Borgwardt Florian , Buijse Anthonie D. , Bondar‐Kunze Elisabeth , Cid Nuria , Erős Tibor , Ferreira Maria Teresa , Funk Andrea , Haidvogl Gertrud , Hohensinner Severin , Kowal Johannes , Nagelkerke Leopold A. J. , Neuburg Jakob , Peller Tianna , Schmutz Stefan , Singer Gabriel A. , Unfer Günther , Vitecek Simon , Jähnig Sonja C. , Hein Thomas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe EU Nature Restoration Law represents an important opportunity for freshwater habitat restoration and, consequently, freshwater biodiversity protection. However, a number of challenges must be anticipated in its implementation, which may compromise its success. Some aspects, particularly those relating to freshwater ecosystems, require more clarification. We use riverine ecosystems to illustrate existing ambiguities in the proposed legislation and the potential consequences of leaving these aspects open to interpretation during the implementation process. We also discuss potential solutions to these problems which could help ensure that the law's objectives are met. We argue that river network structure and connectivity dimensions, which result into river meta‐ecosystems, must be explicitly considered. For that purpose, we ask for clear definitions of the critical terms “free‐flowing rivers,” “barriers,” and “reference areas.” In addition, we recommend developing methods for integrated assessment of connectivity across river networks. As a key property of river ecosystems, this must be used to prioritize actions to increase the length and number of free‐flowing rivers. Adequate restoration planning at larger spatial scales will benefit from a meta‐ecosystem perspective and accurate representation of aquatic‐terrestrial linkages, which will significantly improve the efficacy of restoration efforts. Furthermore, stakeholder and citizen engagement offer important opportunities at local, national, and European scales, and should be fostered to ensure inclusive decision‐making. The conservation challenges outlined here are particularly important for rivers, but they also have implications for other ecosystems. These considerations are useful for policymakers, conservationists, and other stakeholders involved in the Nature Restoration Law and related policy initiatives.This article is categorized under:
Water and Life > Stresses and Pressures on Ecosystems
Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness
Human Water > Water Governance
Two‐dimensional hypercoordinate chemistry: Challenges and prospects
Authors: Song Bingyi , Yang Li‐Ming 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPlanar hypercoordinate compounds are fascinating but challenging to be realized. The difficulty in stabilizing and fabricating such compounds prevent us from in‐deep understanding these compounds and exploring potential applications. Molecular‐level insights on underlying mechanism for the formation of viable hypercoordinate compounds is the key towards the development of this field. This review aims to summarize recent advances in this direction. Regular polygons ALCN (A and L are central and ligand atoms, CN is coordination number) are generally applicable models used to derive the unified mathematical relations between the radii of constitute atoms and the angles of regular polygons as exemplified by two typical examples Gr14LCN and TMBCN (Gr14 is Group 14 element, TM is transition metal, B is boron). Effective schemes and some useful rule of thumb are proposed towards the architecture of 2D hypercoordinate crystals ALx (x is composition ratio). A set of design flow chart and several effective design strategies and principles are suggested for 2D‐HyperMaters. Potential diverse applications of 2D‐HyperMaters are discussed and summarized. Grand blueprint for planar hypercoordinate chemistry is drew. Finally, future prospects of 2D‐HyperChem is outlooked.This article is categorized under:
Structure and Mechanism > Reaction Mechanisms and Catalysis
Structure and Mechanism > Computational Materials Science
Structure and Mechanism > Molecular Structures
Nonlinear Regression on Growth Curves for Placental Parameters in R
Authors: Lemos Daniela , Braga Ana Cristina , Nogueira Rosete 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGrowth charts play a crucial role in the evaluation and surveillance of paediatric populations, serving as indispensable tools for paediatricians and public health researchers. The development of these growth charts for fetal parameters has been extensively used in recent decades. However, investigation of placental parameters and their relationship with obstetric outcome has been relatively neglected, resulting in a significant gap in understanding their biological significance. This study presents an alternative approach for constructing reference growth curves specific to the placental parameter, Diameter 2. Our methodology uses the generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS), offering distinct advantages over traditional quantile regression methods. One of the key advantages of GAMLSS is its flexibility to accommodate any statistical distribution, allowing for the modelling of various parameters that characterize the distribution of the response variable. Through the application of our proposed methodology, we demonstrated that by using P-splines as a smoothing function and Box-Cox t (BCT) as a distribution, we can achieve a representative growth curve for the Diameter 2 of the placenta throughout gestational age (GA). The resulting models demonstrated high representativeness, with $$R^2$$

R
2

values of 0.7608 and 0.7673 and AIC scores of 7953 and 7946 for the best two models, respectively. Moreover, our approach has the ultimate goal to facilitate early diagnosis of fetal complications, thereby providing valuable assistance to healthcare professionals.
Anomalous strangeness transport
Authors: Megías Eugenio , Vázquez-Mozo Miguel Á. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Nondissipative transport of strangeness is studied in a chiral hadronic plasma with three flavors. In the phase in which chiral symmetry is preserved, strangeness transport is found to be driven by both an external magnetic field and fluid vorticity. As for the constitutive relations of the baryon and electromagnetic currents, they exhibit vortical terms proportional to the strangeness chemical potential. In the superfluid phase, transverse nondissipative diffusion of the baryon, electromagnetic, and strangeness charges is found, which survives in the limit of vanishing chiral imbalance and mixes in a fashion similar to standard dissipative diffusion in quark-gluon plasma.
Renormalized electric and magnetic charges for O(rn) large gauge symmetries
Authors: Peraza Javier 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this work we present the construction of a renormalized symplectic form on an extended phases space where the higher order large gauge transformations (LGT) act canonically. The expressions of the subn-leading electric charges associated with each O(rn) LGT are then obtained, in agreement with the expressions previously proposed in [1] by means of the tree-level subn-leading formulas. We also present the duality extension of the extended phase space, computing the full electromagnetic charge algebra, showing a tower of central extensions.
Upper bound on the Atiyah-Singer index from tadpole cancellation
Authors: Ishiguro Keiya , Kai Takafumi , Nishimura Satsuki , Otsuka Hajime , Takeuchi Maki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We propose an upper bound on the Atiyah-Singer index in the effective action of string theory. For E8×$$ {E}_8^{\prime } $$

E
8
′

and SO(32) heterotic string theories on smooth Calabi-Yau threefolds with line bundles, we find that the tadpole cancellation and supersymmetry conditions lead to an upper bound on the generation number of quarks and leptons as well as Higgs doublets. By taking into account the observed value of four-dimensional gauge couplings and the supergravity approximation, we explicitly evaluate the bound on favorable complete intersection Calabi-Yau threefolds. The bound can be extended to Calabi-Yau threefolds in the Kreuzer-Skarke database. We also put the upper bound on the Atiyah-Singer index in Type IIB/F-theory compactifications.
Navigation und Robotik – status präsens und zukünftige Implikationen
Authors: Maderbacher Günther , Baier Clemens , Meyer Matthias , Holzapfel Dominik , Pagano Stefano , Grifka Joachim , Greimel Felix 
Published: January 2024

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung
Sowohl Navigationssysteme als auch die Robotik ermöglichen eine höhere Präzision bei der Implantation eines künstlichen Kniegelenkes. Eine Verbesserung der klinischen Ergebnisse kann dadurch aber nicht erreicht werden. Wir stellten die Hypothese auf, dass es im Rahmen der Implantation einer Knietotalendoprothese zwar zur Rekonstruktion des Alignments in der Koronarebene kommt, durch die variable rotatorische Tibia- sowie variable translatorische Femur- und Tibiakomponentenpositionierung zu einer Veränderung der restlichen Alignmentparameter der unteren Extremität kommt. Diese Parameter könnten jedoch mittels Navigationssystem oder Roboter bestimmt werden und könnten zukünftige Implikationen für diese Systeme darstellen.

Methoden
In 9 gesunden Kniegelenken von fixierten Ganzkörperleichen nach Thiel erfolgte die Bestimmung der Kinematik (Rollback bzw. tibiale Innenrotation sowie tibiale Ab‑/Adduktion) und der Stellung zwischen Femur bzw. Epikondylen und Tibia vor und nach Implantation einer Knietotalendoprothese zwischen 0 und 90° Beugung mithilfe eines Navigationssystems (Knee 2.6, Fa. Brainlab, München, Deutschland).

Ergebnisse
Nach endoprothetischer Versorgung kam es zu keiner Veränderung des natürlichen koronaren Alignment. In Streckung und den frühen Beugegraden zeigte sich die Rotationsstellung des Femurs gegenüber der Tibia verändert. Dies führte auch zu einer veränderten Positionierung des Epicondylus medialis und lateralis in Relation zur Tibia: Während beide Epikondylen nach endoprothetischer Versorgung in Relation zur Tibia lateraler positioniert waren, war der Epicondylus lateralis bis 20° Beugung signifikant dorsaler gelegen.

Diskussion
Nach endoprothetischer Versorgung eines Kniegelenkes in etablierter Technik kam es zu einer guten Rekonstruktion des koronaren Alignments bei gleichzeitiger Veränderung des Alignments sowohl in rotatorischer als auch translatorischer Richtung zwischen Femur und Tibia. Mittels Navigation aber auch Robotik wären wir in der Lage, sämtliche Alignmentparameter zu quantifizieren und könnten eine Ausrichtung der Komponenten bzw. eine Rekonstruktion des Gesamtalignments in allen sechs Freiheitsgraden erzielen. Womöglich wären wir dadurch in der Lage, auch einen klinischen Vorteil zu erzielen bzw. es könnten die Standzeiten noch weiter erhöht werden.

Graphic abstract
Outcomes after TAVI in patients with atrial fibrillation and a history of recent PCI: Results from the ENVISAGE-TAVI AF trial
Authors: Moreno Raúl , Souza José , Smolnik Rüdiger , Nombela-Franco Luis , Van Mieghem Nicolas M. , Hengstenberg Christian , Valgimigli Marco , Jin James , Ohlmann Patrick , Dangas George , Unverdorben Martin , Möllmann Helge 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and a recent (≤ 90 days) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are at high bleeding risk due to the addition of oral antiplatelet (OAP) agents on top of oral anticoagulants. Data on outcomes of these patients are needed to optimize antithrombotic treatment.

Methods
This analysis compared annualized clinical event rates in patients with and without a recent PCI enrolled in ENVISAGE-TAVI AF, a prospective, randomized, open-label, adjudicator-masked trial comparing edoxaban and vitamin K antagonists in AF patients after TAVI. The primary efficacy and safety outcomes were net adverse clinical events (NACE) and major bleeding.

Results
Overall, 132 (94.3%) patients with a recent PCI (n = 140) received OAP after TAVI, compared with 692 (55.9%) patients without a recent PCI (n = 1237). Among patients with a recent PCI on OAP agents, use of dual antiplatelet therapy decreased to 5.5%, and use of single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) increased to 78.0% over 3 months post-randomization. Conversely, use of SAPT predominated at all time points in patients without a recent PCI history. There were no significant differences in the incidence of NACE or other outcomes assessed, except for major bleeding events, which were more frequent in patients with vs without a recent PCI history (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 2.17 [1.27, 3.73]; P = 0.005).

Conclusions
Patients with AF undergoing TAVI with a recent PCI have a similar risk of ischemic events and mortality, but an increased risk of major bleeding compared with patients without a recent PCI.

Graphical abstract
JAGGER localization and function are dependent on GPI anchor addition
Authors: Figueiredo Raquel , Costa Mónica , Moreira Diana , Moreira Miguel , Noble Jennifer , Pereira Luís Gustavo , Melo Paula , Palanivelu Ravishankar , Coimbra Sílvia , Pereira Ana Marta 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Key message
GPI anchor addition is important for JAGGER localization and in vivo function. Loss of correct GPI anchor addition in JAGGER, negatively affects its localization and function.

Abstract
In flowering plants, successful double fertilization requires the correct delivery of two sperm cells to the female gametophyte inside the ovule. The delivery of a single pair of sperm cells is achieved by the entrance of a single pollen tube into one female gametophyte. To prevent polyspermy, Arabidopsis ovules avoid the attraction of multiple pollen tubes to one ovule–polytubey block. In Arabidopsisjagger mutants, a significant number of ovules attract more than one pollen tube to an ovule due to an impairment in synergid degeneration. JAGGER encodes a putative arabinogalactan protein which is predicted to be anchored to the plasma membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. Here, we show that JAGGER fused to citrine yellow fluorescent protein (JAGGER-cYFP) is functional and localizes mostly to the periphery of ovule integuments and transmitting tract cells. We further investigated the importance of GPI-anchor addition domains for JAGGER localization and function. Different JAGGER proteins with deletions in predicted ω-site regions and GPI attachment signal domain, expected to compromise the addition of the GPI anchor, led to disruption of JAGGER localization in the cell periphery. All JAGGER proteins with disrupted localization were also not able to rescue the polytubey phenotype, pointing to the importance of GPI-anchor addition to in vivo function of the JAGGER protein.
Spatial analysis of remote sensing and meteorological indices in a drought event in southwestern Spain
Authors: Quirós Elia , Fragoso-Campón Laura 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe effects of global warming and climate change are being felt through more extreme and prolonged periods of drought. Multiple meteorological indices are used to measure drought, but they require hydrometeorological data; however, other indices measured by remote sensing and used to quantify vegetation vigor can be correlated with the former. This study investigated the correlation between both index types by vegetation type and season. The correlations were also spatially modeled in a drought event in southwestern Spain. In addition, three maps with different levels of detail in terms of vegetation categorization were compared. The results generally showed that grassland was the most well correlated category between the SPEI and the FAPAR, LAI, and NDVI. This correlation was more pronounced in autumn and spring, which is when most changes in vegetation senescence and growth occur. The spatiotemporal analysis indicated a very similar behavior for grasslands grouped in an area indicated by the climate change adaptation maps as having a high evapotranspiration forecast. Finally, in a forest-based forecast analysis, the indices that best explained the performance of the SPEI were again FAPAR, LAI, and NDVI, with a lag of up to 20 days. Therefore, the results showed that remotely sensed indices are good indicators of drought status and can be variably explanatory of traditional drought indicators. Moreover, complementing the study with spatiotemporal analysis made it possible to detect areas particularly vulnerable to climate change.