bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prognostic efficacy of a sustainable geriatric nutritional risk index for avelumab switch maintenance therapy in metastatic urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Isobe Teruki , Naiki Taku , Sugiyama Yosuke , Naiki-Ito Aya , Nagai Takashi , Etani Toshiki , Iida Keitaro , Noda Yusuke , Shimizu Nobuhiko , Aoki Maria , Gonda Masakazu , Morikawa Toshiharu , Banno Rika , Kubota Hiroki , Ando Ryosuke , Kawai Noriyasu , Yasui Takahiro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) has a poor prognosis. Avelumab is approved for mUC maintenance therapy and prolongs overall survival. However, real-world data, including the prognostic analysis of maintenance therapy, is limited. In this study, we explore trends related to avelumab treatment of mUC patients.
Methods
A total of 72 mUC patients treated with first-line chemotherapy, from January 2019 to November 2022, at Nagoya City University Hospital or its seven affiliated institutions, were analyzed. We retrospectively compared clinical parameters and the prognosis of avelumab (Ave)-suitable and treated patients (n = 43) and those untreated (Ave-unsuitable; n = 29) because of progression during first-line chemotherapy. Kaplan–Meier curves displayed survival and recurrence rates. Potential prognostic factors, including the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) for determining patients suitable for Ave, were evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses.
Results
Basic clinical parameters of patients when first-line treatment was initiated were not statistically different between the two groups. The Ave-suitable group (median 26.6 months, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 18.8–not reached [NR]) showed significantly longer median overall survival (OS) after first-line treatment than the Ave-unsuitable group (median 12.0 months, 95% CI: 7.5–NR) with tolerable adverse events. The cut-off values of prognostic factors were set by receiver operating characteristic curve. Multivariate analysis revealed GNRI sustainability as the only significant prognostic factor for being Ave-suitable (95% CI: 1.14–20.6, hazard ratio: 4.83).
Conclusion
Avelumab switch maintenance therapy for mUC prolonged OS and showed tolerable safety profiles. GNRI sustainability may be an excellent biomarker for predicting being Ave-suitable.
Formononetin reverses immune-mediated TregTh17 immune imbalance in Immune-mediated bone marrow failure mice by regulating the PI3KAkt signaling pathway
Authors: lan hui xuan , Qiu Wei , Wu Jie , Hu Zhijing , Zhang Xiaomin , zhu lingling 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) is a syndrome of bone marrow failure which is life-threatening. Recent research has discovered that CD4+ T cell subsets, including Treg cells and Th17 cells, play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of SAA. Formononetin (FMN) is a natural compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Huangqi, which has the ability to regulate the imbalance of Treg/Th17 cells in some inflammatory diseases. Nevertheless, the therapeutic effect of FMN in SAA has yet to be definitively established. Therefore, the objective of this research was to investigate the effect of FMN on SAA and elucidate its underlying mechanism.
Methods: In vivo experiments, the mice were divided into five groups: the control group, model group, low- and high- dose of FMN groups and positive control cyclosporine A group. The immune-mediated bone marrow failure (BMF) mouse model was established by the total body X-ray radiation and lymphocyte infusion. After 10 days of continuous administration of FMN, the numbers of Treg/Th17 cells in the bone marrow and spleen were assessed by flow cytometry. The protein expressions of PI3K/Akt pathway in the bone marrow and spleen was assessed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. In vitro, the impact of FMN on the differentiation of naive CD4+T cells into Treg cells was investigated by flow cytometry and ELISA.
Results: In comparison with the control group, the model group showed a reduction in bone marrow nucleated cells, a significant decrease in peripheral blood cells, and an altered CD8+/CD4+T cell ratio. These findings indicate the successful establishment of a mouse model of immune-mediated BMF. After FMN treatment, there were the increased levels of red blood cells, hemoglobin and platelets. In addition, FMN mitigated the bone marrow destruction and restored the CD8+/CD4+ T cell ratio. Furthermore, in comparison with the control group, the model group showed the decreased levels of Treg cells and the increased levels of Th17 cells. After FMN treatment, there was a significantly increased number of Treg cells and a decreased number of Th17 cells. Additionally, FMN remarkably down-regulated the expression levels of PI3K and Akt proteins in immune-mediated BMF mice.
Conclusions: FMN alleviates immune-mediated BMF by modulating the balance of Treg/Th17 cells through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Seroepidemiologocal investigation on the infected genotype in Japanese encephalitis patients in coastal areas of China
Authors: Zhang Weijia , Zhao Jierong , Yin Qikai , Liu Shenghui , Wang Ruichen , Fu Shihong , Li Fan , He Ying , Nie Kai , Liang Guodong , Xu Songtao , Yang Guang , Wang Huanyu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a vaccine-preventable mosquito-borne disease caused by infection with the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). G1, G3 and G5 JEV have been isolated in China, but the dominant genotype circulating in Chinese coastal areas remains unknown. Besides, the emergence of G5 JEV infection case in South Korea suggests a risk of G5 JEV transmission in epidemic areas. We search for G5 JEV infected case and try to understand which genotype of JEV was more relative to human Japanese encephalitis in coastal provinces of China.
Methods In this study, we collected serum specimens of JE cases in three coastal provinces of China (Guangdong, Zhejiang and Shandong Province) from 2018 to 2020 and conducted JEV cross-neutralization test against genotype 1, 3 and 5 JEV. In the same serum specimen, if one neutralization antibody titer had a 4-fold difference with the other two, the case was considered infected by that genotype of JEV.
Results The acute serum specimens of clinical reported JE cases were obtained for laboratory confirming from hospitals in Shandong (92 cases), Zhejiang (192 cases) and Guangdong (77 cases) of China from 2018 to 2020. 70 of total 361 serum specimens were laboratory confirmed JEV infection. 2 cases were confirmed infected by genotype 1 JEV, 32 cases were by genotype 3 JEV and 2 was by genotype 5 JEV.
Conclusions The investigation found that there were genotype 1, 3 and 5 JEV infections in JE cases in coastal area of China from 2018 to 2020. Genotype 3 was the main infection genotype among JE cases who have the definite infection genotype, and the infection case caused by genotype 5 JEV was confirmed serologically in China.
A cross-sectional survey of COVID-19 testing status among vaccine recipients in Gombe, North-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Sikiru Nafisah Ayinde , Al-Mustapha Ahmad Ibrahim , Oyewo Muftau , Sani Bello Shittu , Habibah Adeyi , Alikinla Muftiat Mopelola , Elelu Nusirat 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 testing status and vaccine acceptance are two key components of any COVID-19 control program as they are important in evaluating the prevalence of the disease as well as curbing the spread of the SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19. Hence, this study conducted a non-probability cross-sectional survey of 872 COVID-19 vaccine recipients in Gombe State to determine their testing status and socio-demographic profiles. The descriptive analysis revealed that the median age group was 30–39 years. More than half (57.7%, n = 503) of the study participants earned 50,000 Naira or less and approximately 51% of the vaccine recipients (n = 444) had tertiary education. Approximately one-third (35.1%, n = 306/872) of the study participants have been previously screened for SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 positivity rate among them was 6.9% (n = 21/306). Some 108 (18.2%) persons reported Adverse Event Following Immunization (AEFI). The multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the age [30–39 years, (OR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.13, 2.74; p = 0.041)], monthly income [150,000 naira and above (OR: 10.43; 95% CI: 2.22, 21.88; p < 0.001)], and background [health-related, (OR: 6.30; 95% CI: 4.35, 9.13; p = 0.01)] of the vaccine recipients was significantly associated with the COVID-19 testing status. The COVID-19 testing status of vaccine recipients is low. Hence, mass COVID-19 screening strategies should be implemented together with improved vaccine advocacy to focus on vaccine safety and efficacy.
The Influences of ApoE Isoforms on Endothelial Adherens Junctions and Actin Cytoskeleton Responding to mCRP
Authors: Qiu Wei Qiao , Zhang Zhengrong , Lin Weiwei , Gan Qini , Lei Maohua , Gong Bin , Zhang Chao , Henrique Jessica , Han Jingyan , Tian Hua , Tao Qiushan , Potempa Lawrence , Stein Thor , Emili Andrew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Monomeric C-reactive protein (mCRP) plays a role in cerebrovascular damage mediated by apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Using proteomic profilings, we found altered cytoskeleton proteins in the microvasculature of AD brains, including increased levels of hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) and the actin-related protein, LIMA1. To address the hypothesis that cytoskeletal changes serve as early pathological signatures in brain endothelia for AD, ApoE4 knock-in mice intraperitoneal injected with mCRP revealed that mCRP bound to CD31 to increase LIMA1 expression and facilitate the binding of phosphorylated CD31 (pCD31) to LIMA1. mCRP combined with APOE4 protein altered the expression of various actin cytoskeleton proteins along with decreased interaction of CD31 and VE-Cadherin, causing microvasculature damage. Notably, the APOE2 protein attenuated these changes. Overall, the ApoE4-mCRP-CD31 pathway acts via pCD31-LIMA1 interaction to disrupt the adherens junctions and the actin cytoskeleton, leading to endothelial barrier dysfunction in the brain and increased AD risk.
Metformin protects ovarian granulosa cells in chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian failure mice through AMPK/PPAR-γ/SIRT1 pathway
Authors: Yang Yuxin , Tang Xiangting , Yao Ting , Zhang Yiqing , Zhong Yufei , Wu Shuqing , Wang Yurou , Pan Zezheng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The incidence of premature ovarian failure (POF) is progressively escalating, with chemotherapy drugs identified as a significant contributing factor. Our study demonstrates that chemotherapy drugs can induce abnormal inflammation and oxidative stress within the ovary, resulting in damage to granulosa cells (GCs), which may be a significant cause of POF. Furthermore, numerous studies have reported Metformin (MET) has various beneficial effects, including anti-aging, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-inflammatory. Hence, the objective of this study is to investigate whether MET can be utilized for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced ovarian inflammation and the improvement of premature aging. Our vivo experiments conducted on animal models indicate that oral administration of MET ameliorates chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage and alleviates hormonal disruption in mice with POF by reducing inflammatory and oxidative stress-related harm. In our in vitro experiments, we aimed to simulate the inflammatory condition present within the ovary by indirectly co-culturing primary GCs with M1 macrophages. We observed injury to GCs caused by M1 macrophage supernatants was mitigated by treatment with MET. To validate the potential pathways involved in the action of MET, we observed that MET ameliorated GCs damage induced by M1 macrophages, possibly through the activation of the AMPK/PPAR-γ/SIRT1 pathway.
Examining associations between physical activity context and children meeting daily physical activity guidelines: The role of outdoor play, sports, and other organized activities
Authors: Pfledderer Christopher D. , Brown Denver M.Y. , Ranjit Nalini , Springer Andrew E. , Malkani Raja I. , Salvo Deborah , Hoelscher Deanna M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Less than one-quarter of US children meet physical activity (PA) guidelines. Understanding the context in which PA occurs and how these contexts may play a role in meeting PA guidelines is an essential step toward developing effective behavioral interventions. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between PA context (sports participation and other out-of-school structured physical activities, active travel to school, and outdoor play), and the number of days children met PA guidelines in a representative sample of children living in Texas.
Methods
We analyzed cross-sectional data from a statewide sample of 4th grade children in Texas (mean age = 9.4 ± 0.6 years; female = 48.7%, 51.8% Hispanic), who completed the 2019–2020 Texas School Physical Activity and Nutrition (TX SPAN) survey. The TX SPAN survey was designed to monitor the statewide prevalence of overweight/obesity among school children, and assess habitual self-reported obesity-related behaviors, including diet and PA. Weighted Poisson regression models were employed to examine the associations between PA contexts (sports participation and other out-of-school structured physical activities, active travel to school, and outdoor play) and the number of days children met PA guidelines, adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, overweight/obesity, urban-rural status, and economic disadvantage.
Results
Children met PA guidelines on 3.6 ± 2.3 days during the week. One in ten (11.2%) 4th grade children did not meet daily PA guidelines on any day of the week, while 72.1% met them between 1–6 days, and 16.7% met physical activity guidelines every day during the week. Participating in any structured PA (b = 0.31, 95%CI:0.20,0.42) was significantly and positively associated with the number of days children met PA guidelines. Playing outdoors 1–3 days (b = 0.26, 95%CI:0.04, 0.47) and 4–7 days in the past week (b = 0.79, 95%CI:0.59, 1.00) was significantly and positively associated with the number of days children met PA guidelines.
Conclusion
Participating in organized sports, participating in other structured PA, and playing outdoors may beneficially influence the number of days children meet PA guidelines. PA programs should consider these contextual factors and investigate how to promote organized activities and outdoor play effectively and appropriately among children.
Application of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy to Determine Saccharification Efficiency of Corn Biomass
Authors: Pereira-Crespo Sonia , Gesteiro Noemi , López-Malvar Ana , Gómez Leonardo , Santiago Rogelio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, in the bioethanol production process, improving the simplicity and yield of cell wall saccharification procedure represent the main technical hurdles to overcome. This work evaluated the application of a rapid and cost-effective technology such as Near Infrared Reflectante Spectroscopy (NIRS) for predicting saccharification efficiency from corn stover biomass. For the development of the calibration model, 1150 dried and ground samples of corn biomass were included, while for external validation, 350 samples were utilized. Modified Partial Least Squares Regression (MPLS) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) were used to develop prediction models. The predictive capacity of the NIRS models was assessed by the coefficient of determination value in external validation (r2) and the ratio between the standard deviation and the error of prediction in external validation (RPDev). Overall, MPLS regression provided better prediction statistics for saccharification efficiency (r2 = 0.80; RPDev = 2.21) compared to MLR regression (r2 = 0.68; RPDev = 1.75). These results indicated that predictive ability of MPLS model is more appropriate for screening purposes and NIR spectroscopy can be implemented as a large-phenotyping tool to test the saccharification yield of the corn biomass.
Investigating Casual Associations Among Physical Activity, Gut Microbiota and Cancers: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Xue Xinxin , Chen Bin , Jiang Xin , Jin Chuandi , Yue Min , Li Ziyun , Wang Qinghua , Zhang Lei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Growing epidemiological evidence has shown that physical activity and gut microbiota were associated with cancer. However, causal inferences have not been confirmed. In this study, we aimed to systematically evaluate the causal relationship among physical activity, gut microbiota and cancer using a Mendelian randomization study. The genome-wide association study summary statistics data of physical activity-related phenotypes were derived from the Medical Research Council-Integrative Epidemiology Unit (MRC-IEU), the data of gut microbiota (n = 8,956) was derived from a genome-wide association analysis of 8,956 German individuals, the data of validate microbial community (n = 5,959) was derived from the Finnish Biobank located in Northern Europe, and the data of cancer-related phenotypes were derived from the Medical Research Council-Integrative Epidemiology Unit (MRC-IEU), MRBase, BCAC, INHANCE, Neale Lab, OCAC, GliomaScan, PRACTICAL. This study found that the Accelerometer − based physical activity measurement (average acceleration) (APAM) has a negative causal effect on many cancers, for example, prostate cancer, Breast cancer, Intraductal carcinoma in situ (OR = 0.999, 95% CI: 0.998–1, PBH= 0.0009), Cancer of primary lymphoid hematopoietic (OR = 0.999, 95%CI: 0.998–0.999, PBH= 0.0024). Additionally, we found evidence of a possible causal effect for physical activity on microbiota, microbiota on cancer. Mediation analyses for the effect of physical activity on microbiota shown significant effects for cancer, and microbial traits may partially mediate the effect of physical activity on cancer. Our study revealed that the physical activity was causally associated with cancer, and microbial traits may partially mediate the effect of physical activity on cancer. These results may be useful in providing clues for further mechanistic of physical activity to cancer and provide new perspectives for both healthy individuals and cancer patients in terms of prevention and improvement of various diseases.
Impact of detection rate and preventive treatment of LTBI on the future burden of student tuberculosis in Shanghai: a predictive study using Markov modeling
Authors: Xiao Xiao , Li Zhipeng , Chen Jing , Shen Xin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: The student is one of the key groups for TB control in China. This study used a dynamic Markov model to predict the longitudinal trends of ATB in students in Shanghai by 2035 and to access the effects of alternative control measures.
Methods: Six states of tuberculosis transmission were set up in the Markov model using a hypothetical cohort of 100 000 people. The prevalence of LTBI and ATB were simulated and stratified into whether the disease was treated with the recommended regimen or not.
Results: Without any intervention changes to the current conditions, the model projected a considerable decrease in ATB prevalence, both in untreated ATB and treated ATB. It was estimated that ATB prevalence would decline to 20.46 per 100 000 by 2035. In the case where preventive treatment coverage of LTBI increased to 20%, 50% or 80%, the decline in the ATB prevalence was low. In the case where detection rate of LTBI was set to be 12% and preventive treatment coverage was set to be 20%, 50% and 80% simultaneously, the decline in the ATB prevalence would be 23.06, 48.10 and 65.00% respectively. In the case where detection rate of LTBI was set to be 35% and preventive treatment coverage was set to be 20%, 50% and 80% simultaneously, the decline in the ATB prevalence would be 53.48, 85.21 and 95.21% respectively.
Conclusions: ATB prevalence in students would see a slow decrease until 2035, falling far short of the strategic goal of ending TB with TB control measures remained unchanged. Enhanced interventions on promoting detection rate and preventive treatment coverage simultaneously would have an obvious effect on ATB prevalence in students.
Effects of uric acid-lowering therapy (ULT) on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in CKD patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia： A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yuxin Luo , Song Qirong , Li Jiaxiao , Fu Sha , Yu Wenjuan , Shao Xiaofei , Li Jinxiang , Huang Yuliang , Chen Junzhe , Tang Ying 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
It is well known that hyperuricemia and gout play an important role in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the effect of uric acid-lowering therapy (ULT) on prognosis of CKD patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia remains controversial.
Methods
Pubmed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) and the Cochrane Library were searched systematically up to October 2021. RCTs assessing the effects of ULT on renal and/or cardiovascular outcomes in CKD patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia were included.
Results
A total of 17 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with placebo or no treatment group, ULT group preserved the loss of estimated glomerular filtrating rate (eGFR) with a weighted mean difference (WMD) of 2.55 mL/min/1.73m2, 95%CI [1.31,3.79], p < 0.001 and lowered the increment of serum creatinine (Scr) with a WMD of -24.47µmol/L, 95% CI [-30.71,-18.23], (p < 0.001). ULT was associated with lower incidence of the events of doubling of Scr without dialysis (relative risk (RR) 0.32 [0.21, 0.49], p < 0.001). However, no difference was found for lower incidence of cardiovascular events (p = 0.052), all-cause mortality (p = 0.370), acute kidney injury (AKI) (p = 0.943) or progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD)(p = 0.572).
Conclusions
ULT delay the progression of renal impairment but did not significantly reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events in CKD patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia.