bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling and managing collaborative processes over the internet
Authors: Cai Jian , Lu Stephen C‐Y. , Grobler François , Case Michael , Jing Nan 
Published: June 2005

PurposeCollaborative processes are relatively complex and are therefore difficult to handle. Representing the joint processes and capturing the interactions among stakeholders in a structured way are critical to improve the collaboration productivity. This paper aims to present a generic collaborative process model that improves on current approaches by explicitly representing the perspectives of stakeholders and their evolution traversing a work process.Design/methodology/approachThis approach provides a mechanism to identify the interdependencies among tasks and stakeholders, and realizes collaboration through process management. A web‐based information system using the model to support collaborative process management is also described.FindingsThe research work provides collaboration management systems with the ability to analyze and control the processes through sharing perspectives.Originality/valueThe models and methods described in this paper are an important part of a pervasive, resilient and predictable means for business process management over the internet.
Editorial
Authors: Gorman G.E. 
Published: June 2005

PurposeTo provide a brief viewpoint on wikis. A wiki is a web site that allows – and encourages – users to share information by freely writing new content, adding to existing content, and editing or commenting on content.Design/methodology/approachAn opinion piece based on the author's own experiences.FindingsReflecting the chaotic nature of the web world in which wikis exist, the reality of the situation is that they often do not operate in a positive environment. The author's experience as a wiki participant on several occasions has been far from positive.Originality/valueProvides advice to users of wikis: use with caution.
Libraries Australia: creating a new national resource discovery service
Authors: Missingham Roxanne , Boston Tony 
Published: June 2005

PurposeThis paper seeks to report on the development of a new interface for “finding” and “getting” resources from Australian libraries.Design/methodology/approachThe National Library of Australia has provided online access to the Australian National Bibliographic Database since 1981. Containing the National Union Catalogue for Australia, its major role initially was to support shared cataloguing. The Kinetica service supports access to the database through its search service. Kinetica is being redeveloped over the period 2004 and 2005 to provide a more modern, standards‐based service. The development is focused on increasing access by Australians to the nation's collections. The new interface for searching, Libraries Australia, was launched in December 2004 and incorporates a Google‐style search interface with a range of new “get” functionality, enabling requesting from libraries and ordering from bookshops. The paper reports on the redevelopment project, particularly Libraries Australia.FindingsThe new interface is found to more successfully meet the needs of searchers, particularly the general public.Originality/valueSummarises research undertaken to assess the needs of Australians for access to library collections. Also describes the technical architecture of the new search service and future directions for this national infrastructure for resource sharing in Australia. Issues for the future including universal access are identified.
Multiple project management: a modern competitive necessity
Authors: Dooley L. , Lupton G. , O'Sullivan D. 
Published: June 2005

PurposeThe paper aims to examine the theory of project and multiple project management and develop a framework tool to facilitate the management of a portfolio of multiple projects across an organisation and enhance the overall effectiveness of the process.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology adopted in this paper was first, to undertake a literature survey of the area and to distil the key elements affecting the management of multiple projects within organisations. A number of interrelated tools to support effective management are then developed and applied to a mall to medium‐sized enterprise (SME) to validate their applicability.FindingsThe paper highlights that greater organisational efficiency and less conflict can be achieved through greater structure and understanding of the intricacies of managing multiple projects.Practical implicationsOrganisations can reduce the pressure imposed on staff as a result of the matrix structure by clearer deployment of strategies to projects and increased awareness of risk of conflict between function and project co‐ordinators.Originality/valueThe value of the paper is that it presents organisations with a tool that interrelates projects to strategy fulfilment and also identifies the level, focus and loading of projects to individuals across the organisation. In this way organisations can better understand their organisations and manage their portfolio process more effectively.
Advanced manufacturing technology implementation
Authors: Dangayach G.S. , Deshmukh S.G. 
Published: June 2005

PurposeThis research aims to report the findings of an exploratory survey on advanced manufacturing technologies (AMTs) administered in Indian small and medium enterprises (SMEs) of automobile, electronics, machinery, and process sectors. The objective of the survey is to assess the status of AMT, identify AMTs relevant to Indian SMEs, identify competitive priorities, AMT implementation criteria, and assess the degree of investment in AMTs.Design/methodology/approachResponses from 122 companies are analyzed and presented.FindingsIt is observed that Indian SMEs are giving the highest priority to quality and the least priority to flexibility. “Post‐implementation evaluation” and “requirement analysis” AMT implementation steps have attracted least attention from Indian SMEs.Originality/valueThis research report is useful to others implementing AMT..
Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome
Authors: Kaminsky A. , Moreno M. , Díaz M. , Charas V. , Bravo G. , Kien C. 
Published: June 2005

Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS) is a rare and potentially fatal reaction characterized by the appearance of fever, skin rash and internal organ involvement.Phenytoin, phenobarbital and carbamazepine are the most frequent aromatic anticonvulsants causing the reaction. This syndrome occurs 1–8 weeks after the initial drug exposure but, even though glucocorticoids appear to be useful in severe cases, discontinuation of the drug has been found to be essential in the resolution of symptoms.
4% hydroquinone versus 4% hydroquinone, 0.05% dexamethasone and 0.05% tretinoin in the treatment of melasma: a comparative study
Authors: Astaneh Reyhaneh , Farboud Effat , Nazemi Mohammad J. 
Published: June 2005

A randomized, controlled, double‐blind clinical study was conducted on 64 patients (phototypes III to V) with melasma, in order to compare 4% hydroquinone cream with a combination product, containing 4% hydroquinone, 0.05% tretinoin and 0.05% dexamethasone, that can be applied as a single cream. The aim of this study was to determine whether hydroquinone provides additional improvement when combined with tretinoin and dexamethasone.Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 32 individuals. One group received 4% hydroquinone (group A) in a cream base. The other received a cream that contains 4% hydroquinone, 0.05% tretinoin and 0.05% dexamethasone (group B). The creams were applied once daily at night and a broad spectrum sunscreen (sun protection factor 15) was used every morning. Patients were evaluated by a clinical investigator subjectively at baseline and after 4, 8 and 12 weeks of therapy.At the baseline visit, the history of melasma, such as duration of disease, patient's age, type of melasma, distribution of melasma, family history, association with pregnancy, sun exposure, genetic factors and oral contraceptive consumption, was taken. Improvement was determined subjectively compared with baseline, on a three‐point scale as follows: worse, same and improved (excellent, good, moderate and slight).Descriptive statistics (the χ2 test) were used to report the characteristics of the patients in the two groups.
Evolution of histoid leprosy (de novo) in lepromatous (multibacillary) leprosy
Authors: Sehgal Virendra N. , Aggarwal Ashok , Srivastava Govind , Sharma Neelima , Sharma Sonal 
Published: June 2005

A 26‐year‐old man presented with persistent redness of the face over the past 2 years and thickening of the ears for a year. The current state was preceded by three to four episodes of epistaxis, 2–3 months previously. The patient had not received any treatment. Cutaneous examination revealed indurated (infiltrated) plaques on the face and ears over an apparently normal‐looking skin, and numerous, small, ill‐defined, slightly hypopigmented, shiny macules all over the body. They were bilateral and symmetric (Fig. 1a,b). There was no variation in the cutaneous sensations of temperature, touch, and pain. The patient showed loss of the lateral eyebrows and conjunctival congestion. Examination of the nerves revealed enlargement of the ulnar, radial, posterior tibial, and right common peroneal nerves; however, there was no tenderness of the nerves. Systemic examination was within normal limits. Examination of a slit‐skin smear (under oil immersion), prepared from a representative lesion (plaque), demonstrated an abundance of solid and uniform‐staining acid‐fast bacilli, occurring either singly or in parallel clumps/globii, in an average field (6+). Furthermore, a scraping mount (10% KOH) prepared from the lesion on the back was negative.(a, b) Histoid leprosyimageHematoxylin and eosin‐stained sections prepared from a biopsy taken from a plaque revealed a conspicuous granuloma composed of peculiar spindle‐shaped histiocytes. Several of the granulomas were present in the mid and lower dermis. They were characterized by whorled, criss‐cross, or parallel patterns. Solid and uniform‐staining, slender, rod‐like (length three times that of the breadth) acid‐fast bacilli were found scattered throughout the section. A few histiocytes closely packed with acid‐fast bacilli, together with lymphocytic infiltrates, were also seen. There was a prominent eosinophilic stained clear zone just below the epidermis. It was free from acid‐fast bacilli as well as the inflammatory infiltrate (Fig. 2a,b). A definitive diagnosis of untreated lepromatous leprosy (LL) changing to histoid leprosy (de novo) was made.(a, b) Histoid leprosy depicting granuloma formed by histiocytes displaying whorl‐wind, criss‐cross or interlacing pattern, and a clear zone beneath the epidermis (H&E ×40) Solid and uniform staining acid fast bacilli, – slender, rod‐like, length 3 times that of breadth found scattered throughout the granuloma (H&E ×100)image
A comparison of anti‐desmoglein antibodies and indirect immunofluorescence in the serodiagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris
Authors: Zagorodniuk Irena , Weltfriend Sara , Shtruminger Lily , Sprecher Eli , Kogan Olga , Pollack Shimon , Bergman Reuven 
Published: June 2005

AbstractBackground  Indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) is the standard method for the detection of pemphigus autoantibodies. Commercially available enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) have recently become available to measure serum antibodies (Abs) against desmoglein1 (Dsg1) and desmoglein3 (Dsg3). It has been suggested that patients with mucosal‐dominant pemphigus vulgaris (PV) have serum Abs against Dsg3 only, patients with mucocutaneous PV have Abs to both Dsg1 and Dsg3, and patients with pemphigus foliaceus (PF) have Abs against Dsg1 only.Aim  To compare the sensitivity and specificity of the IIF and ELISA tests in the diagnosis of pemphigus and its subsets.Methods  Thirty‐three patients with PV and five patients with PF were studied, and compared with 50 healthy individuals or patients with unrelated skin diseases. Monkey esophagus was used as a substrate for the IIF test.Results  The IIF and ELISA tests were each positive in 26 of the 32 (81%) PV patients, and in none (0%) and 3 (6%) of the 50 controls, respectively. Both the IIF and ELISA results were concordant in 69% of the PV patients, and only one of these two tests was positive in the remaining 31% of patients. Forty‐six per cent of the PV patients with a positive ELISA test did not have the PV phenotype (mucosal or mucocutaneous) predicted by their autoantibody profile.Conclusion  The IIF and ELISA tests may be used as complementary tests for the serologic diagnosis of pemphigus.
Seeking comfort through prayer
Authors: Hawley Georgina , Irurita Vera 
Published: June 2005

Hawley G, Irurita V. International Journal of Nursing Practice 1998; 4: 9–18 Seeking comfort through prayer The aim of the research was to discover the experience and meaning of prayer of patients in hospital when undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Ethnographic‐type post discharge interviews with 13 participants formed the major data source. Using the grounded theory method, the basic social psychological process was labeled seeking comfort through prayer. This was the process of engaging in prayer with God. The participants believed that God listened to their prayers and answered them when they were seeking comfort. It was this reassurance that gave them the strength to face uncertainty and possible death, and also gave them comfort in their psychophysiological condition at the time. Seeking comfort had three stages (maintaining or re‐establishing a relationship with God; making peace with God; and asking God to be with them during the hospitalisation). This last stage involved five levels of prayer (acquiescence, instinctive prayer, survival, confiding and honouring).
Treating skin tears in nursing home residents: A pilot study comparing four types of dressings
Authors: Edwards Helen , Gaskill Deanne , Nash Robyn 
Published: June 2005

Edwards H, Gaskill D & Nash R. International Journal of Nursing Practice 1998; 4: 25–32 Treating skin tears in nursing home residents: A pilot study comparing four types of dressings A pilot study was conducted to compare four types of dressings used to treat skin tears in nursing home residents. Wounds treated with a non‐occlusive dressing healed more quickly than those dressed with occlusive dressings. The results suggest that ease of use and product wastage are important considerations when treating skin tears. The pilot study also highlights the need for further research into skin tear management and the need for ongoing education for nurses regarding skin integrity risk assessment and product information.
Elderly Finnish people's experiences with coping at home
Authors: Pietilä Anna‐Maija , Tervo Aila 
Published: June 2005

Pietilä A‐M, Tervo A. International Journal of Nursing Practice 1998; 4: 19–24 Elderly Finnish people's experiences with coping at home The aim of this study was to describe the experiences of elderly Finnish people with coping at home. Twenty elderly inhabitants of the city of Oulu in Finland, over 75 years of age, who live at home were interviewed. Content analysis was used as the method. According to the analysis, elderly people's coping at home consisted of social contacts, daily events as the substance of life, and previous life experiences. Social contacts consisted of family, public health services, and neighbours. Daily events as the substance of life included taking part in activities of daily living. The contents of previous life experiences consisted of thinking back to organize one's life experiences and their influence on one's own life. The factors that promoted coping at home were maintenance of health, the experience of well‐being, and security.The findings of this study indicate that by supporting elderly people to cope at home, it is possible to influence their sense of safety and well‐being and hence their quality of life.
Quality Assessment Of Digital Surface Models Generated From IKONOS Imagery
Authors: Poon Joanne , Fraser Clive S. , Chunsun Zhang , Li Zhang , Gruen Armin 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe growing applications of digital surface models (DSMs) for object detection, segmentation and representation of terrestrial landscapes have provided impetus for further automation of 3D spatial information extraction processes. While new technologies such as lidar are available for almost instant DSM generation, the use of stereoscopic high‐resolution satellite imagery (HRSI), coupled with image matching, affords cost‐effective measurement of surface topography over large coverage areas. This investigation explores the potential of IKONOS Geo stereo imagery for producing DSMs using an alternative sensor orientation model, namely bias‐corrected rational polynomial coefficients (RPCs), and a hybrid image‐matching algorithm. To serve both as a reference surface and a basis for comparison, a lidar DSM was employed in the Hobart testfield, a region of differing terrain types and slope. In order to take topographic variation within the modelled surface into account, the lidar strip was divided into separate sub‐areas representing differing land cover types. It is shown that over topographically diverse areas, heighting accuracy to better than 3 pixels can be readily achieved. Results improve markedly in feature‐rich open and relatively flat terrain, with sub‐pixel accuracy being achieved at check points surveyed using the global positioning system (GPS). This assessment demonstrates that the outlook for DSM generation from HRSI is very promising.
Combined Digital Photogrammetry and Time‐of‐Flight Laser Scanning for Monitoring Cliff Evolution
Authors: Lim Michael , Petley David N. , Rosser Nicholas J. , Allison Robert J. , Long Antony J. , Pybus David 
Published: June 2005

AbstractAlthough cliffs form approximately 75% of the world's coastline, the understanding of the processes through which they evolve remains limited because of a lack of quantitative data on the morphological changes they undergo. In this paper the combination of terrestrial time‐of‐flight laser scanning with high‐resolution digital photogrammetry is examined to generate high‐quality data‐sets pertaining to the geomorphic processes governing cliff development. The study was undertaken on a section of hard rock cliffs in North Yorkshire, UK, which has been monitored over a 12‐month period. High‐density, laser‐scanned point clouds have been used to produce an accurate representation of these complex surfaces, free from the optical variations that degrade photographic data. These data‐sets have been combined with high‐resolution photographic monitoring, resampled with the fixed accuracies of the terrestrial laser survey, to generate a new approach to recording the volumetric changes in complex coastal cliffs. This has led to significant improvements in the understanding of the activity patterns of coastal cliffs.
Plasma Cytokine Levels in Migraineurs and Controls
Authors: Perini Francesco , D'Andrea Giovanni , Galloni Elisabetta , Pignatelli Francesco , Billo Giuseppe , Alba Sabrina , Bussone Gennaro , Toso Vito 
Published: June 2005

Background.—The vasoactive peptide, calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP), is released from primary afferent neurons in the trigemino‐vascular circulation during migraine headache. CGRP at physiological concentrations and possibly via stimulation of its selective receptors on T‐cells, triggers the secretion of cytokines. Cytokines play an important role in several physiological and pathological settings such as immunology, inflammation, and pain.Objective.—To investigate plasma levels of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines in migraineurs and healthy controls.Methods.—We studied 25 migraine patients, during and outside attacks, and 18 healthy control subjects measuring plasma levels of IL‐6, IL‐10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), IL‐4, IL‐1β, and IL‐2 using ELISA.Results.—Circulating levels of IL‐10, TNFα, and IL‐1β during attacks were significantly higher in comparison to their levels outside attacks (P= .0003, P= .03, and P= .05, respectively). IL‐10 and TNF serum levels were higher in patients studied soon after headache onset and lower over time (P= .004 and P= .05).Conclusion.—Our results suggest that TNFα, IL‐1β, and IL‐10 may be involved in the pathogenesis of migraine attacks.
Headache in Medical Education: Medical Schools, Neurology and Family Practice Residencies
Authors: Gallagher R. Michael , Alam Rolande , Shah Shiwan , Mueller Loretta , Rogers James J. 
Published: June 2005

Objective.—To explore the extent of headache education received by medical students and residents.Background.—Headache is a common, often severe, and sometimes disabling problem. However, 49% of sufferers do not seek professional treatment—of those who do, only 28% are very satisfied. One possible reason is limited education of physicians about headache.Methods.—Surveys were sent to all allopathic and osteopathic medical schools, 200 family medicine residencies, and all 126 neurology residencies. Information requested included the amount and perceived adequacy of headache education and any plans to increase headache education.Results.—Response rates were 35% to 40%. Medical school lecture hours ranged from 0 (4%) to >5 (24%) with 92% having no plans for an increase in headache education. Family Medicine residency lecture hours ranged from 1–3 (30%) to >5 (34%) and case presentations from 1–5 (23%) to >5 (41%), with 88% of program directors having no plans for increase. Neurology residency lecture hours ranged from 1–3 (11%) to >5 (64%) and case presentations from 1–5 (23%) to >10 (57%), with 80% having no plans for increase.Conclusion.—Undergraduate medical education in headache is limited. Despite medical schools perceiving their training as adequate, both neurology and family practice residency program directors believe entering residents are inadequately prepared in headache upon entering the program.
Efficacy and Tolerability of Intravenous Valproic Acid in Acute Adolescent Migraine
Authors: Reiter Pamela D. , Nickisch Jason , Merritt Glenn 
Published: June 2005

Objective.—To describe the efficacy and tolerability of rapid intravenous valproic acid (VPA) infusions in children with severe migraine headache.Background.—Intravenous VPA is an emerging treatment option for acute migraine headache. Adult data suggests both efficacy and tolerability of rapid VPA infusions as abortive therapy, but little data exist in children.Methods.—We conducted a retrospective chart review of all children who received intravenous VPA at The Children's Hospital Headache Clinic during an 18‐month study period. Baseline intensity of headache pain, time at which maximum relief was attained, pain reduction following therapy, dose and duration of VPA infusion(s), patient's pulse, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and pulse oximetry were collected. Adverse events were also recorded.Results.—Thirty‐one children (age = 15 ± 2 years; 81% female) requiring 58 clinic visits and 71 VPA infusions were included. Most visits (n = 45; 78%) resulted in only one dose of VPA (976 ± 85 mg infused over 12 ± 4 minutes) for desired pain relief. Percent pain reduction in those children was 39.8%, with time to maximum relief of 63 ± 31 minutes. Some children required a second dose of 500 mg (n = 13 visits; 22%), that was infused over 14 ± 6 minutes and produced a 57% reduction in pain intensity from baseline. VPA infusions were well tolerated. Adverse events described included cold sensation (1), dizziness (3), nausea (1), possible absence seizure (1), paraesthesia (2), and tachycardia (2).Conclusions.—Rapid infusion of intravenous VPA is generally well tolerated and may play a role in the management of children with acute migraine headache. Prospective, controlled trials to further investigate this treatment in children are warranted.