bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of inevitable ions on kerosene droplet formation and evolution
Authors: Zhang Yong , Zhu Hongzheng , Ou Zhanbei , Wei Xiaojian , Ge Wei , Li Chao , Gao Lei , He Hailing , Zhu Jinbo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDUnderstanding the effect of ions on collector generation characteristics is crucial for adjusting the oil/water interface and enhancing mineral flotation.METHODSWe conducted a study of the kerosene droplet generation process in the presence of NaCl, MgCl2, and AlCl3 using a high‐speed motion acquisition system.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSThe results showed that the generation process of kerosene droplets could be divided into two stages, droplet expansion and column contraction, according to variations of the droplet width. With the increasing capillary inner diameter, the generation time of the kerosene droplet increased, while the w/h value (column width/column height) of the kerosene column decreased. When the w/h value decreased to 0, the droplet column ruptured, and the droplet separated from the capillary. As the ion valence increased, the equivalent diameter (d) of the kerosene droplet increased due to the ionic hydration and followed the order dAl3+ > dMg2+ > dNa+. Furthermore, as the ion concentration increased, the equivalent diameter increased with the same capillary inner diameter, and the w/h value decreased. A model of the kerosene column height and capillary inner diameter (R) was established to predict the characteristics of the generated kerosene droplet. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Pecten oculi of kestrel (Falco tinnunculus rupicolaeformes) and little owl (Athene noctua glaux): Scanning electron microscopy and histology with unique insights into SEM–EDX elemental analysis
Authors: Gewily Doaa , Shalaby Walaa , Abumandour Mohamed , Choudhary Om Prakash , Kandyel Ramadan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere is scanty data about the comparative morphological features between the pecten oculi of two carnivorous birds with different visual active clock hours: the diurnal common kestrel and the nocturnal little owl. This study illustrated the comparative gross, scanning electron microscopy, and histological characteristics between pecten oculi of kestrel and little owl. This study first attempts to describe the scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive x‐ray (SEM–EDX) elemental analysis at the parts (apex, middle, and base) of the pecten oculi of these two birds. The present study results observed the same position, origin, directions, parts, convoluted outer pleat surfaces, and SEM–EDX elemental analysis, but there were some minor variations due to the different visual active clock hours. These minor variations were summarized in the following points: pleat number (21–23 in the kestrel and 10–11 in the owl), shape (fan rhomboid in the kestrel and accordion in the owl), inter‐pleat spaces (wider in the kestrel than in the owl), pigmentations (highly black pigmented in the owl than in the kestrel), hyalocyte cell aggregations (highest in the middle and dwindling at the apex and base in the kestrel, while highest in the middle and base and dwindling at the apex in the owl), and SEM–EDX elemental analysis percentage. SEM/EDX elemental analysis confirmed the presence of oxygen (the highest one), carbon, nitrogen (the second one), nitrogen (the third one), and aluminum (the lowest one) in varying percentages within the pecten oculi; these findings contribute to our understanding of its structural, adaptations with different visual active clock hours, and functional characteristics.Research Highlights
This study compared the pecten oculi of two carnivorous birds with different visual active clock hours: the diurnal common kestrel and the nocturnal little owl.
Anatomically, the characteristic features were similar in both the birds, but some minor variations were observed adapted to their visual active clock hours.
The pecten oculi of both birds were analyzed using SEM–EDX for elemental analysis, and it revealed that oxygen was the highest elemental concentration, followed by carbon and nitrogen. Aluminum concentrations were small as per SEM–EDX analysis.
The study suggested that the pecten oculi of these birds are related to their active visual clocks and adaptive nutritional mechanisms.
Determination of the longitudinal thermal conductivity of low‐ordered carbon fibers by using an optothermal Raman technique
Authors: Kumar A. , Ammar M.R. , Canizarès A. , Vicente J. , Rousseau B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe usage of carbon fibers (CFs) for high‐temperature applications has been increasing in recent years. However, the determination of thermal properties at high temperatures is a challenging task. In this study, the thermal conductivity of two different types of CF having a diameter in the range from 5–7
m, as a function of temperature, was examined by using the optothermal Raman method. Raman spectroscopy was first used to obtain the structural organization and structural homogeneity of the fibers. Then, owing to the fact that Raman spectra are sensitive to laser excitation power and external temperature, Raman spectroscopy was used as a contactless thermometer to determine the local temperature rise of the fibers. A formula was derived by solving the heat diffusion equation for cylindrical fibers and a set of boundary conditions, similar to the experimental conditions, which allows accurate estimation of longitudinal thermal conductivity. The results are discussed in relation with the phonon scattering theory and can be attributed to the combined effect of scattering from defects. The radiative and convective heat losses were estimated, and their influence on thermal conductivity was also determined.
Cluster approach for the density functional theory study of organic cation vibrations in hybrid halide post‐perovskite 3‐cyanopyridinium lead tribromide
Authors: Krauklis Irina V. , Samsonova Anna Yu , Selivanov Nikita I. , Kapitonov Yury V. , Chizhov Yuri V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInternal vibrations of organic cations in halide perovskites and their analogues could be used to study the crystal structure of these novel semiconductor materials. In this work, we have studied the vibration properties of the 3‐cyanopyridinium (3cp+ = [3‐CN‐C5H5NH]+) cation in the hybrid organic–inorganic halide post‐perovskite (3cp)PbBr3. For DFT modeling of the experimental Raman spectrum, we have constructed three different models: free cation, minimal stoichiometric cluster and nanocluster. Calculations of a free cation adequately describe most of the internal vibrations. To describe high‐wavenumber hydrogen stretching vibrations, and first of all N–H vibrations, it is necessary to use sufficiently large clusters. We show in the cluster approach for crystal field description that it is necessary to include in the cluster not only halogens but also their nearest environment. In this case, agreement with experiment is reached, and further considerations can be put forward about the strength of the hydrogen bond and its role in stabilising the crystal.
Characteristics and molecular properties of crude hemeproteins extracted from Asian seabass gills using an ultrasound‐assisted process
Authors: Patil Umesh , Nilsuwan Krisana , Buamard Natchaphol , Zhang Bin , Benjakul Soottawat 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe development of a safe and effective iron supplement is important for the treatment of iron‐deficient anemia. Therefore, the crude hemeprotein extract (CHPE) from Asian seabass gills was extracted without (CON) and with ultrasound (US)‐assisted process, followed by freeze‐drying. The resulting freeze‐dried crude hemeprotein extract (FDCHPE) powders were determined for trace mineral content, color, secondary structure, protein pattern, size distribution, volatile compounds, and amino acid composition.RESULTSThe extraction yields of CON‐FDCHPE and US‐FDCHPE were 6.76% and 13.65%, respectively. Highest heme iron (0.485 mg/mL) and non‐heme iron (0.023 mg/mL) contents were found when US at 70% amplitude for 10 min (US 70/10) was applied. Both CON‐FDCHPE and US‐FDCHPE had no heavy metals, but higher iron content (432.8 mg/kg) was found in US‐FDCHPE (P < 0.05). Typical red color was observed in CON‐FDCHPE and US‐FDCHPE with a*‐values of 9.72 and 10.60, respectively. Ultrasonication affected protein structure, in which β‐sheet upsurged, whereas random coil, α‐helix, and β‐turn were reduced. Protein pattern confirmed that both samples had myoglobin as the major protein. US‐FDCHPE also showed a higher abundance of volatile compounds, especially propanal, hexanal, heptanal, and so forth, compared to CON‐FDCHPE. Amino acid composition of US‐FDCHPE was comparable to Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) values.CONCLUSIONOverall, FDCHPE extracted using ultrasonication could be safe and effective for fortification in food products as an iron supplement to alleviate iron‐deficient anemia. Additionally, gills as leftovers could be better exploited rather than being disposed. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Patterns of completion axillary dissection for patients with cT1‐2N0 breast cancer undergoing total mastectomy with positive sentinel lymph nodes
Authors: Schwieger Lara , Postlewait Lauren M. , Subhedar Preeti D. , Geng Feifei , Liu Yuan , Gillespie Theresa , Arciero Cletus A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe ACOSOGZ0011 trial found that overall survival (OS) for patients with 1–2 positive nodes undergoing sentinel lymph node biopsy‐alone (SLNB) was noninferior to completion axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), but excluded patients undergoing mastectomy. Our study examined patterns of ALND and its relationship with OS for SLNB‐positive patients undergoing mastectomy.MethodsThe National Cancer Database was queried (2010–2017) for patients with cT1‐2N0 breast cancer undergoing mastectomy with positive sentinel lymph nodes. Clinical data were compared.ResultsOf 20 001 patients, 11 574 (57.9%) underwent SLNB + ALND, and 8427 (42.1%) had SLNB‐alone. The SLNB + ALND group had more positive nodes (mean 2.6 vs. 1.3, p < 0.001) and more frequently received nodal radiation (33.4% vs. 28.9%, p < 0.001). Patients diagnosed in later years were less likely to undergo ALND (2010: reference; 2017: odds ratio: 0.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.25–0.33, p < 0.001). ALND (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.89–1.06, p = 0.49) and nodal radiation (HR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.83–1.02, p = 1.06) were not independently associated with OS. Propensity‐score matched 5‐year OS was similar (SLNB + ALND: 90.9% vs. SLNB‐alone: 90.3%, p = 0.65).ConclusionFor patients undergoing mastectomy for cT1‐2N0 breast cancer with positive SLNB, SLNB‐alone was common and increased over time. Axillary radiation was not routinely delivered in the SLNB‐alone group. Completion ALND and nodal radiation were not associated with improved survival.
Fibrous Conductive Metallogels with Hybrid Electron/Ion Networks for Boosted Extreme Sensitivity and High Linearity Strain Sensor
Authors: Li Jifeng , Wan Kening , Zhu Tianyi , Zheng Yong , Chen Ziyin , Feng Qichun , Du Zhaofang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFibrous strain sensing materials with both high sensitivity and high linearity are of significant importance for wearable sensors, yet they still face great challenges. Herein, a photo‐spun reaction encapsulation strategy is proposed for the continuous fabrication of fibrous strain sensor materials (AMGF) with a core‐sheath structure. Metallogels (MOGs) formed by bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers and Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs), and thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) are employed as the core and sheath, respectively. The in situ ultraviolet light reduction of Ag+ ensured AgNPs to maintain the interconnections between the BC nanofibers and form electron conductive networks (0.31 S m−1). Under applied strain, the BC nanofibers experience separation, bringing AMGF a high sensitivity (gauge factor 4.36). The concentration of free ions in the MOGs uniformly varies with applied deformation, endowing AMGF with high linearity and a goodness‐of‐fit of 0.98. The sheath TPE provided AMGF sensor with stable working life (>10 000 s). Furthermore, the AMGF sensors are demonstrated to monitor complex deformations of the dummy joints in real‐time as a wearable sensor. Therefore, the fibrous hybrid conductive network fibers fabricated via the photo‐spun reaction encapsulation strategy provide a new route for addressing the challenge of achieving both high sensitivity and high linearity.
Ultrabright Acrylic Polymers with Tunable Fluorescence Enabled by Imprisoning Single TICT Probe
Authors: Ma Yalei , Wang Qiuping , Deng Jia , Yan Xudong , Liu Jing , Ding Liping , Miao Rong , Fang Yu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBright and colorful fluorescent polymers are ideal materials for a variety of applications. Although polymers could be made fluorescent by physical doping or chemical binding of fluorescent units, it is a great challenge to get colorful and highly emissive polymers with a single fluorophore. Here the development of a general and facile method to synthesize ultrabright and colorful polymers using a single twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) probe is reported. By incorporating polymerizable, highly fluorescent, and environmental sensitive TICT probe, a series of colorful acrylic polymers (emission from 481 to 543 nm) with almost 100% fluorescence quantum yields are prepared. Like the solvatochromic effect, functional groups within side chains of acrylic polymers (including alkyl chain, tetrahydrofurfuryl group, and hydroxyl group) provide varied environmental polarity for the incorporated fluorophore, resulting in a series of colorful polymeric materials. Benefiting from the excellent photophysical properties, the polymers show great potential in encryption, cultural relics protection, white light‐emitting diode bulb making, and fingerprint identification.
Anatomical study of first palmar intermetacarpal flap in cadavers and application for congenital first web contracture in a child with Apert's syndrome
Authors: Soldado Francisco , Rojas‐Neira Juliana , Rivas‐Nicolls Danilo , de Oliveira Ricardo Kaempf , Shen Xiao F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionReconstructing severe first web contractures often involves using either pedicled forearm flaps, which can cause extensive scarring, or free flaps, which can be highly complex. In this study, we present a local palmar hand flap that overcomes both of these challenges.MethodsTen fresh upper limbs were examined after arterial injection with colored latex. The study focused on identifying the most distal palmar vascular cutaneous branches suitable for designing an elliptical cutaneous flap over the volar intermetacarpal area. This flap's width was approximately 50% of the width of the thenar eminence. Additionally, we present the case of an 8‐year‐old child with a type 1 Upton's Apert's hand, which exhibited a severe first web contracture.ResultsIn seven cadaver hands, one distal cutaneous perforator was found, while in three hands, two perforators were identified. These perforators originated from the thumb radial collateral artery six times, pollex princeps three times, index radial collateral vessels twice, and thumb ulnar collateral vessels twice. The mean perforator diameter was 0.5 mm (ranging from 0.4 to 0.6 mm), and the mean perforator length was 10 mm (ranging from 0.8 to 12 mm). Using this flap bilaterally in our patient resulted in a straightforward procedure that created a broad and functional first web. A total‐thickness skin graft was necessary to cover the proximal thenar area, and fortunately, no complications arose. A wide first web with an intermetacarpal angle of 40° ultimately was obtained scoring 8 on the kapandji.ConclusionsThe first palmar intermetacarpal flap presents itself as a reasonable and uncomplicated option for addressing significant moderate‐to‐severe first web contractures.
A novel clinician‐delivered intervention to reduce fear of recurrence in breast cancer survivors: Results from a Phase I/II implementation study (CIFeR_2)
Authors: Liu Jia , He Sharon , Butow Phyllis , Shaw Joanne , McHardy Christopher John , Harris Georgia , Serafimovska Anastasia , Butt Zoe , Beith Jane 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveFear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is highly prevalent, however there is no formal training for clinicians to address FCR. A novel brief clinician intervention to help patients manage FCR (Clinician Intervention to Reduce Fear of Recurrence (CIFeR)) was shown to be feasible, acceptable, and reduced FCR in breast cancer patients in a pilot study. We now aim to explore the barriers and facilitators of implementing CIFeR within routine oncology practice in Australia.MethodsThis multicentre, single‐arm Phase I/II implementation study recruited surgical, medical and radiation oncologists who treat women with early breast cancer. Participating clinicians completed online CIFeR training and were asked to use CIFeR for the next 6 months. Questionnaires were administered before (T0), immediately after (T1), then 3 (T2) and 6 months (T3) after training to assess confidence in addressing FCR and Proctor Implementation outcomes. The primary outcome was adoption at T2. Secondary outcomes were self‐efficacy in FCR management, acceptability, feasibility, costs, barriers and facilitators of implementation.ResultsFifty‐two clinicians consented of whom 37 completed the CIFeR intervention training. Median age of participants was 41.5 (range 29–61), 73% were female and 51% were medical oncologists. The primary endpoint was met, with CIFeR adopted by 82%. Clinician intervention delivery took 7.4 min on average and was deemed acceptable, appropriate and feasible. Self‐efficacy in managing FCR improved significantly across all domains (p < 0.001). Lack of time was the greatest barrier to routine CIFeR_2 implementation.ConclusionsA structured brief, low‐cost clinician intervention to reduce FCR is useful, acceptable and improved self‐efficacy with FCR management. Fear of cancer recurrence training should be incorporated into communication skills training of oncologists and surgeons.Trial RegistrationProspectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12621001697875.Trial SponsorChris O’Brien Lifehouse.
Salvianolic acid B protects against pulmonary fibrosis by attenuating stimulating protein 1‐mediated macrophage and alveolar type 2 cell senescence
Authors: Li Yijie , Chen Ranyun , Wu Jianzhi , Xue Xiaoyong , Liu Tiegang , Peng Guiying , Wu Ruiyu , Wang Lei , Jia Kexin , Cai Yajie , Li Xiaojiaoyang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), as the most common idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, is caused by a complex interaction of pathological mechanisms. Interestingly, IPF frequently occurs in the middle‐aged and elderly populations but rarely affects young people. Salvianolic acid B (SAB) exerts antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antifibrotic bioactivities and is considered a promising drug for pulmonary disease treatment. However, the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of SAB on cellular senescence of lung cells and IPF development remain unclear. We used bleomycin (BLM)‐induced pulmonary fibrosis mice and different lung cells to investigate the antisenescence impact of SAB and explain its underlying mechanism by network pharmacology and the Human Protein Atlas database. Here, we found that SAB significantly prevented pulmonary fibrosis and cellular senescence in mice, and reversed the senescence trend and typical senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors released from lung macrophages and alveolar type II (AT2) epithelial cells, which further reduced lung fibroblasts activation. Additionally, SAB alleviated the epithelial–mesenchymal transition process of AT2 cells induced by transforming growth factor beta. By predicting potential targets of SAB that were then confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation‐qPCR technology, we determined that SAB directly hampered the binding of transcription factor stimulating protein 1 to the promoters of SASPs (P21 and P16), thus halting lung cell senescence. We demonstrated that SAB reduced BLM‐induced AT2 and macrophage senescence, and the subsequent release of SASP factors that activated lung fibroblasts, thereby dual‐relieving IPF. This study provides a new scientific foundation and perspective for pulmonary fibrosis therapy.
Durable and sustainable smart tags for identity management and condition monitoring: Case study for reusable packaging and recyclable data carriers
Authors: Hakola Liisa , Hakola Elina , Palola Sarianna , Tenhunen‐Lunkka Anna , Lahtinen Jussi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractReusable packaging has been used as a case study for development of durable and sustainable smart tags that can provide both identity management and potentially also condition monitoring capabilities. Four different smart tag technologies have been investigated, including laser engraved 2D bar codes, printed 2D bar codes with combined temperature indicator, printed NFC (Near‐Field Communication) tags and RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tags as labels. All technologies showed excellent durability towards repeated washing and heating when protective layers were used. SWOT analysis was also carried out to weight the advantages and disadvantages of the different technologies summarizing the choice of the technology per use and end‐of‐life requirements. Sustainability of the investigated technologies is discussed from the smart tag recyclability perspective and the challenges that can be seen related to the use of electronic functionalities and/or plastic‐based protective layers.
The crystal and molecular structure of a substituted dihydro‐azulene, C16H12O2
Authors: van De Grampel J.C. , Cuperus A.J. , Vos Aafje 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe reaction between diphenylketene and ethoxyacetylene followed by alkaline hydrolysis, gives a crystalline solid with the formula C16H12O2. A structure determination by X‐ray diffraction shows that this compound is 3‐hydroxy‐9‐phenyl‐1,9‐dihydroazulen‐1‐one. The molecular skeleton consists of a planar five‐membered ring fused to a boat shaped seven‐membered ring. In the crystal there are chains of molecules along the monoclinic b‐axis; successive molecules are linked by C‐OH ··· OC hydrogen bonds with a length of 2.662 (s.d. 0.014) Å.
Reactions of 4‐ and 5‐halogenoimidazoles with lithium piperidide in piperidine (didehydrohetarenes XX
Authors: de Bie D.A. , van der Plas H.C. , Geurtsen G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOn treatment of 5‐halogeno‐1‐methylimidazole with lithium piperidide in piperidine, an addition‐elimination reaction giving 1‐methyl‐5‐piperidino‐imidazole, transhalogenation giving 4‐halogeno‐1‐methylimidazole and a meta substitution yielding the 1‐methyl‐2‐piperidino‐imidazole, were observed. No indication for the occurrence of a 4,5‐didehydro‐ 1‐methylimidazole was obtained.
Photoreactions of aromatic compounds. Part XXI: Photoreaction of 4‐nitroanisole with cyanate ion: (Short Communication)
Authors: Hartsuiker J. , de Vries S. , Cornelisse J. , Havinga E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe behaviour of photo‐excited 4‐nitroanisole toward nucleophilic reagents in aqueous solution is intriguing and only partially understood2,3,4. With hydroxide it yields 4‐nitrophenoxide and 4‐methoxy‐phenoxide5,6. On irradiation with alkylamines it gives N‐alkyl‐4‐nitro‐anilines7. A considerable amount of nitrite ion has been detected in the reaction with amines8, but it has as yet not been possible to isolate the corresponding substitution product.Letsinger and his coworkers5 demonstrated that 4‐nitroanisole on photoreaction with pyridine affords N‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)pyridinium nitrite. Interestingly, 4‐nitroanisole in its excited state undergoes substitution by cyanide ion exclusively at the position meta with respect to the nitro group, yielding 2‐cyano‐4‐nitroanisole9. This reaction is sensitive to oxygen: in solutions well purged with nitrogen, yields of 2‐cyano‐4‐nitroanisole are much lower than in air‐saturated solutions3.