bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal Tracking of Near‐Infrared Fluorescent Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes inC. ElegansNematodes Confined in a Microfluidics Platform
Authors: Sharaga Edward , Hendler‐Neumark Adi , Kamber Dotan , Bisker Gili 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCaenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) nematodes are a powerful model organism for diverse biological and biomedical studies, benefiting from their genetic similarities to humans, small size, and transparency. However, fluorescence imaging ofC. eleganscan be challenging due to the strong autofluorescence in the visible range, which obscures the signal of common fluorescent proteins or dyes. Single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) fluoresce in the near‐infrared (NIR) range, where there is no autofluorescence background. Herein, a platform is developed for in vivo NIR imaging ofC. elegansgastrointestinal tract using biocompatible SWCNTs functionalized by single‐stranded DNA or phospholipid‐polyethylene glycol (PEG). The SWCNTs serve as fluorescent tracking probes within the worm gut, following internalization along with food intake. A microfluidic confinement device is employed to ensure an anesthetics‐free feeding environment, allowing spatiotemporal control over the SWCNTs intake imaging. Furthermore, improvements in spectral colocalization, real‐time detection of intracorporeal SWCNT dynamics, and digestive trajectory tracking are demonstrated. Owing to the unique optical properties of SWCNTs and the confinement of the worms in the microfluidics system, the proposed platform facilitates advanced in vivo imaging ofC. elegansin both the visible and NIR regions, opening numerous avenues for advancing research ofC. elegansand other microscopic model organisms.
Nanoporous Amorphous Carbon Monolayer Derived from Fullerene Film
Authors: He Meng , Ding Yehui , Liu Xue 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCarbon materials derived from fullerene are reported recently with unique structures and properties. However, only micrometer size samples can be obtained that limits the studying and exploration for membrane applications. Here, the preparation of a centimeter‐size nanoporous amorphous carbon monolayer is reported by rapid pyrolyzing a Langmuir–Blodgett film of fullerene. The sample is fully characterized and the results indicate that the amorphous carbon monolayer derived from fullerene is metastable and insulating. The ionic transmembrane transport study demonstrates that the membrane is porous and cation selective with a selectivity of 26%. This work provides new insights into the controlled synthesis of large‐size metastable amorphous carbon monolayer.
The introduction of Mn component improves the selectivity of NO adsorption separation in simulated flue gas of Co‐MOF‐74 at ambient conditions
Authors: Li Hao , Li Lei , Mu Yile , Hu Jie , Ruan Le , Tang Fushun 
Published: December 2023

Synthesized of bimetallic Mn0.17Co0.83‐MOF‐74 via the solvent‐thermal method, which retained the same structure as that of monometallic MOF‐74, and the two metals were uniformly dispersed in the crystals of Mn0.17Co0.83‐MOF‐74. The introduction of Mn gave the Mn0.17Co0.83‐MOF‐74 a higher pore number than the monometallic MOF‐74, exposing more accessible metal active sites, and the in situ IR demonstrated that NO adsorption on Mn0.17Co0.83‐MOF‐74 was modelled as the linear adsorption of metal‐centred Co (II)⸱⸱⸱NO and Mn (II)⸱⸱⸱NO, with strong interactions of adsorbed NO with both metal sites, suggesting that the introduction of Mn provided new accessible metal adsorption sites for NO that increased the adsorption of NO. The NO adsorption capacity of bimetallic Mn0.17Co0.83‐MOF‐74 was significantly increased to 160.3 cc.g−1 at ambient conditions, and the adsorption selectivity of NO/CO2 achieved 397, which was 37% higher than monometallic Co‐MOF‐74, and 214% higher than Mn‐MOF‐74 at low pressure. Furthermore, when exposed to a simulated mixed atmosphere, the Mn0.17Co0.83‐MOF‐74 exhibited a NO/CO2 adsorption selectivity of 35.5 and demonstrated favourable recyclability. These findings indicated that the bimetallic Mn0.17Co0.83‐MOF‐74 outperforms traditional materials in the adsorption separation of flue gas NO, positioning it as a material of choice in this field.
Mechanosensing in Metabolism
Authors: Tranter John D. , Kumar Ashutosh , Nair Vinayak K. , Sah Rajan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElectrical mechanosensing is a process mediated by specialized ion channels, gated directly or indirectly by mechanical forces, which allows cells to detect and subsequently respond to mechanical stimuli. The activation of mechanosensitive (MS) ion channels, intrinsically gated by mechanical forces, or mechanoresponsive (MR) ion channels, indirectly gated by mechanical forces, results in electrical signaling across lipid bilayers, such as the plasma membrane. While the functions of mechanically gated channels within a sensory context (e.g., proprioception and touch) are well described, there is emerging data demonstrating functions beyond touch and proprioception, including mechanoregulation of intracellular signaling and cellular/systemic metabolism. Both MR and MS ion channel signaling have been shown to contribute to the regulation of metabolic dysfunction, including obesity, insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and inflammation. This review summarizes our current understanding of the contributions of several MS/MR ion channels in cell types implicated in metabolic dysfunction, namely, adipocytes, pancreatic β‐cells, hepatocytes, and skeletal muscle cells, and discusses MS/MR ion channels as possible therapeutic targets. © 2024 American Physiological Society.Compr Physiol14:5269‐5290, 2024.
“Raji'sBurden”
Authors: Murray Soraya 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article uses a visual culture studies approach to examine how video games invoking non‐Western cultural specificities face heightened pressures to completely and “authentically” represent their cultures. Focusing on the independent Indian video gameRaji: An Ancient Epic(Nodding Heads 2020) as a key example, I employ art historian Kobena Mercer's concept of the “burden of representation” to show how race, ethnicity, and gender intersect in this game. I argue that there is more at work here than a superficial re‐skinning of characters and game space to suit national tastes and aesthetics and thatRajienters into much larger and ongoing debates about the function of representation. Through deep reading and critical analysis ofRaji'scharacters and spaces, I provide a context for its role at the center of cultural and even political struggles. Ultimately, I show what representational stakes are revealed when a video game is overburdened with the responsibility of standing in for a whole culture, and why such interventions matter.
Antagonistic regulation of homeologous uncx.L and uncx.S genes orchestrates myotome and sclerotome differentiation in the evolutionarily divergent vertebral column of Xenopus laevis
Authors: Sánchez Romel S. , Lazarte María A , Abdala Virginia S. L. , Sánchez Sara S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn anurans, the vertebral column diverges widely from that of other tetrapods; yet the molecular mechanisms underlying its morphogenesis remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigate the role of the homeologous uncx.L and uncx.S genes in the vertebral column morphogenesis of the allotetraploid frog Xenopus laevis. We initiated our study by cloning the uncx orthologous genes in the anuran Xenopus and determining their spatial expression patterns using in situ hybridization. Additionally, we employed gain‐of‐function and loss‐of‐function approaches through dexamethasone‐inducible uncx constructs and antisense morpholino oligonucleotides, respectively. Comparative analysis of the messenger RNA sequences of homeologous uncx genes revealed that the uncx.L variant lacks the eh1‐like repressor domain. Our spatial expression analysis indicated that in the presomitic mesoderm and somites, the transcripts of uncx.L and uncx.S are located in overlapping domains. Alterations in the function of uncx genes significantly impact the development and differentiation of the sclerotome and myotome, resulting in axial skeleton malformations. Our findings suggest a scenario where the homeologous genes uncx.L and uncx.S exhibit antagonistic functions during somitogenesis. Specifically, uncx.S appears to be crucial for sclerotome development and differentiation, while uncx.L primarily influences myotome development. Postallotetraploidization, the uncx.L gene in X. laevis evolved to lose its eh1‐like repressor domain, transforming into a “native dominant negative” variant that potentially competes with uncx.S for the same target genes. Finally, the histological analysis revealed that uncx.S expression is necessary for the correct formation of pedicles and neural arch of the vertebrae, and uncx.L is required for trunk muscle development.
Exploring Radial Asymmetry in MR Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Its Impact on the Interpretation of Glymphatic Mechanisms
Authors: Wright Adam M. , Wu Yu‐Chien , Chen Nan‐Kuei , Wen Qiuting 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundDiffusion imaging holds great potential for the non‐invasive assessment of the glymphatic system in humans. One technique, diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space (DTI‐ALPS), has introduced the ALPS‐index, a novel metric for evaluating diffusivity within the perivascular space. However, it still needs to be established whether the observed reduction in the ALPS‐index reflects axonal changes, a common occurrence in neurodegenerative diseases.PurposeTo determine whether axonal alterations can influence change in the ALPS‐index.Study TypeRetrospective.Population100 participants (78 cognitively normal and 22 with mild cognitive impairments) aged 50–90 years old.Field Strength/Sequence3T; diffusion‐weighted single‐shot spin‐echo echo‐planar imaging sequence, T1‐weighted images (MP‐RAGE).AssessmentThe ratio of two radial diffusivities of the diffusion tensor (i.e., λ2/λ3) across major white matter tracts with distinct venous/perivenous anatomy that fulfill (ALPS‐tracts) and do not fulfill (control tracts) ALPS‐index anatomical assumptions were analyzed.Statistical TestsTo investigate the correlation between λ2/λ3 and age/cognitive function (RAVLT) while accounting for the effect of age, linear regression was implemented to remove the age effect from each variable. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted on the residuals obtained from the linear regression. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.Resultsλ2 was ~50% higher than λ3 and demonstrated a consistent pattern across both ALPS and control tracts. Additionally, in both ALPS and control tracts a reduction in the λ2/λ3 ratio was observed with advancing age (r = −0.39, r = −0.29, association and forceps tract, respectively) and decreased memory function (r = 0.24, r = 0.27, association and forceps tract, respectively).Data ConclusionsThe results unveil a widespread radial asymmetry of white matter tracts that changes with aging and neurodegeration. These findings highlight that the ALPS‐index may not solely reflect changes in the diffusivity of the perivascular space but may also incorporate axonal contributions.Level of Evidence3Technical EfficacyStage 2
Analgesia in Transcutaneous Laryngeal Botulinum Toxin Injections: A Randomized Crossover Trial
Authors: Heyes Richard , Adler Charles H. , Yee Claire , Lott David G. , Karle William E. 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesThere is an absence of data in the literature regarding methods to improve the patient experience during the performance of awake in‐office laryngeal injections. This study sought to evaluate whether the use of local anesthetic or a vibrating instrument decreased overall pain experienced by patients with laryngeal dystonia, frequently referred to as spasmodic dysphonia (SD), undergoing transcervical botulinum toxin injections.MethodsThis was an unblinded, prospective randomized control trial with a crossover design where each patient received transcutaneous transcricothyroid injection of botulinum toxin with alternating use of no anesthesia, local anesthesia (2% lidocaine in 1:100,000 epinephrine), and vibrating instrument in three consecutive laryngeal injections to treat adductor SD. Patients were randomized to the order they received these treatments. Patients measured pain on a 0–10 visual analogue scale (VAS) and selected their preferred technique after receiving all three analgesic modalities.ResultsThirty‐two patients completed the study. There was no statistically significant difference in pain between the three analgesic techniques (p = 0.38). The most preferred analgesic technique was the vibrating wand (44% (14/32)). Lidocaine was the second most preferred (37% (12/32)) and 19% (6/32) of patients preferred nothing. When combining the wand and nothing groups, 63% of patients preferred one of these two methods (95% exact CI: 44%–79%).ConclusionThere was no statistically significant difference in median pain experienced by patients during laryngeal botulinum toxin injection between these different analgesic modalities. More than half of the patients selected a preference for a technique that did not include lidocaine. This data supports individualization of analgesia during transcutaneous laryngeal injections.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 134:2277–2281, 2024
Fabrication of electrically conductive interconnected microcellular thermoplastic elastomeric foam composite for absorption dominating electromagnetic interference shielding with ultra low reflection
Authors: Nayak Jasomati , Das Palash , Katheria Ankur , Giri Soumen , Banerji Pallab , Das Narayan Chandra 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe elevated rates of electromagnetic radiation pollution, resulting from the growing need for wireless communication systems and electronic gadgets, have sparked interest in creating shielding materials that are lightweight, flexible, non‐corrosive, simply processable, and affordable. In this study, a collection of microcellular nanocomposites based on ethylene octane copolymer (EOC) were created utilizing Vulcan XC 72 conductive carbon black (VCB) by a dual mixing process involving both melt and solution mixing. A chemical blowing agent was utilized to induce the cellular architecture in the composite, resulting in its lightweight nature (maximum density of 0.65 g/cc). The composite foam, when loaded with 30 parts per hundred of volume (phr) of VCB, displays a conductive network and also achieves an electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding efficiency of 23.2 decibels (dB), satisfying commercial requirements. Furthermore, the findings indicated that the composite's cellular structure significantly influences the absorption‐dominated EMI shielding mechanism with an absorption rate of 89%–94% and a specific shielding effectiveness of 194 dBcm2/g within the frequency range of 8.2–12.4 GHz (X band). The foam composite also demonstrated as a thermal management system, with a maximum thermal conductivity of 0.3 W/mK. As a result, this lightweight, easily processable, electrical conductive EOC/VCB polymer composite foams are projected to be used as EMI shielding materials in electronics, cars, and packaging.Highlights
Fabrication of lightweight microcellular Carbon black‐loaded EOC composite
Rheological, mechanical, and thermal properties of foam composites
The cell density filled composites reduces by the cellular foam structures
Carbon black pronouncedly enhanced the electrical conductivity of foam composite
An absorption‐dominated shielding effectiveness with ultra‐low reflection.
In Situ Construction of NiCoMn‐LDH Derived from Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework on Eggshell‐Like Carbon Skeleton for High‐Performance Flexible Supercapacitors
Authors: Lu Zhongqi , Zhao Kai , Guo Hanwen , Duan Lejiao , Sun Huiru , Chen Kuiyong , Liu Jingquan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractActive compounds based on LDH (ternary layered double hydroxide) are considered the perfect supercapacitor electrode materials on account of their superior electrochemical qualities and distinct structural characteristics, and flexible supercapacitors are an ideal option as an energy source for wearable electronics. However, the prevalent aggregation effect of LDH materials results in significantly compromised actual specific capacitance, which limits its broad practical applications. In this research, a 3D eggshell‐like interconnected porous carbon (IPC) framework with confinement and isolation capability is designed and synthesized by using glucose as the carbon source to disperse the LDH active material and enhance the conductivity of the composite material. Second, by constructing NiCoMn‐LDH nanocage structure based on ZIF‐67 (zeolitic imidazolate framework‐67) at the nanometer scale the obtained IPC/NiCoMn‐LDH electrode material can expose more active sites, which allows to achieve excellent specific capacitance (2236 F g−1/ 310.6 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1), good rate as well as the desired cycle stability (85.9% of the initial capacitance upon 5000 cycles test). The constructed IPC/NiCoMn‐LDH//IPC ASC (asymmetric supercapacitor) exhibits superior capacitive property (135 F g−1/60.1 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1) as well as desired energy density (40 Wh kg−1 at 800 W kg−1).
Long‐Range SECCM Enables High‐Throughput Electrochemical Screening of High Entropy Alloy Electrocatalysts at Up‐To‐Industrial Current Densities
Authors: Tetteh Emmanuel Batsa , Krysiak Olga A. , Savan Alan , Kim Moonjoo , Zerdoumi Ridha , Chung Taek Dong , Ludwig Alfred , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHigh‐entropy alloys (HEAs), especially in the form of compositional complex solid solutions (CCSS), have gained attention in the field of electrocatalysis. However, exploring their vast composition space concerning their electrocatalytic properties imposes significant challenges. Scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) offers high‐speed electrochemical analysis on surface areas with a lateral resolution down to tens of nm. However, high‐precision piezo positioners often used for the motion of the tip limit the area of SECCM scans to the motion range of the piezo positioners which is typically a few tens of microns. To bridge this experimental gap, the study proposes a long‐range SECCM system with a rapid gas‐exchange environmental cell for high‐throughput electrochemical characterization of 100 mm diameter HEA thin‐film material libraries (ML) obtained by combinatorial co‐sputtering. Due to the gas–liquid interface at the positioned SECCM droplet on the sample, high‐throughput evaluation under industrial current density conditions becomes feasible. This allows the direct correlation between electrocatalytic activity and material composition with high statistical reliability. The multidimensional data obtained accelerates materials discovery, development, and optimization.
Good intentions are not enough: A case study uncovering perpetuation of internalized and interpersonal oppression in middle schoolSTEMclassrooms
Authors: Tran Khanh Q. , Guzey S. Selcen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractScience teachers and educators seek to promote equity and inclusion within their classrooms. Yet, many do not examine how their roles could reproduce oppression that continues to exclude certain groups of students. Centering on how oppression interacts with science teaching and learning, this naturalistic study observed Ms. William and her implementation of two STEM units that integrate science and engineering, to understand power, race, and privilege dynamics in her middle school STEM classrooms. Specifically, we focused on understanding oppression at the interpersonal and internalized level in Ms. William's class. We collected and analyzed video recorded lessons from two different classrooms, two STEM curricula Ms. William had co‐developed, and conducted semi‐structured interviews after she taught her two STEM units. We identified themes of oppression perpetuated in the classroom by employing thematic analysis, which when guided by our theoretical framework enabled us to illuminate the complex relationship between science teaching and maintaining whiteness as the dominant discourse in science learning. Our findings suggest that an active and critical role from science teachers and educators are required; we must reflect deeply on our science curriculum and teaching strategies and identify practices that remains to be oppressive if promoting equity and inclusion is at the forefront of our science teaching.
Identification of a novel signature based on M6a modification regulators related LncRNA for stratification of the prognosis of prostate cancer
Authors: Wang Sheng‐xiong , Xie Xiang‐hui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProstate cancer emerges as a life‐threatening disease that affects approximately 1.3 million patients of male population globally. Various studies established lncRNAs as a critical role in prostate cancer progression by regulating multiple epigenetic pathways. Therefore, it is imperative to disclose the involvement of lncRNAs in prostate cancer and their usability as prognostic markers for the disease. The model was constructed using Cox and LASSO analysis. The accuracy of model was evaluated using various cohorts. Furthermore, the study assessed the correlative relationship of the model with tumor immunity, immunotherapy, SNV mutation, and drug sensitivity, among other factors. We developed an accurate and stable prognostic model for prostate cancer patients by screening out 11 m6A regulators related lncRNAs and integrating pathological features and age through a nomogram model. The model had satisfactory accuracy and stability in stratification of clinical outcomes of prostate cancer patients, as demonstrated by AUC values (higher than 0.7) at 3, 5, and 7 years in both internal and external cohorts. Moreover, we performed PCA analysis to confirm m6A‐related lncRNAs as the best modeling strategy. We developed a prognosis predicting model based on 11 selected m6A modification related lncRNA, which displayed satisfactory potency in multiple cohorts.
From Behind the Folding Screen to the Collège de France: Victorine de Chastenay’s Privacy Dynamics for Knowledge in the Making
Authors: Lémonon-Waxin Isabelle 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter is an examination of Victorine de Chastenay’s manuscripts through the lens of private practices of knowledge production. Victorine de Chastenay, mostly known for herMémoiresand a few translations, was raised in ancient French aristocracy and received an exceptional education for a nineteenth-century woman. Throughout her life, she explored various fields of knowledge, such as literature, poetry, languages, history, politics, botany, mathematics, and astronomy. Her manuscripts and parts of herMémoiresoffer an insight into her private practices of knowledge in the making. This contribution focuses on the learning and writing techniques she used as a child and, later on, in her domestic space. As a noblewoman, the social norms of her time forced her to study in dedicated spaces at dedicated times, sometimes hidden behind a folding screen. Chastenay’s manuscripts reveal her economy of knowledge in the making, highlighting the necessity of a room of her own. This study combines material, spatial, social, and emotional approaches to analyse her private knowledge production.
Contingent Privacies: Knowledge Production and Gender Expectations from 1500 to 1800
Authors: Klein Käfer Natacha 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis epilogue presents the main insights fromWomen’s Private Practices of Knowledge Production in Early Modern Europe, demonstrating the key ways in which privacy factored into women’s knowledge-making practices. The chapter highlights women’s strategies of publicizing the private as a knowledge-sharing strategy, the role of the home in knowledge-making in the early modern period, and the limitations and affordances of navigating knowledge-production processes in a female body. Moreover, this contribution emphasizes privacy as a malleable, contingent, and continuous negotiation, not necessarily respected by default, but that enabled women to balance gendered expectations and knowledge pursuits.