bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneous Catalysis in Production and Utilization of Formic Acid for Renewable Energy
Authors: Wen Hao , Liu Yanyan , Liu Shuling , Peng Zhikun , Wu Xianli , Yuan Huiyu , Jiang Jianchun , Li Baojun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAs the cleanest energy source, hydrogen has been followed with interest by researchers around the world. However, due to the internal low density of hydrogen, it cannot be stored and used efficiently which limits the hydrogen application on a huge scale. Chemical hydrogen storage is considered as a useful method for efficient handling and storage. Due to its excellent safety, formic acid stands out. It is worth noting that the matter and energy conversion is established based on formic acid, which is not referred to in the previous documentation. In this review, the latest development of research on heterogeneous catalysis via production and application of formic acid for energy application is reported. The matter and energy conversion based on formic acid are both discussed systematically. More importantly, with formic acid as the node, biomass energy shows potential to be in a dominant position in the energy conversion process. In addition, the catalytic mechanism is also mentioned. This review can provide the current state in this field and the new inspirations for developing superior catalytic systems.
SOx Functionalized NiOOH Nanosheets Embedded in Ni(OH)2 Microarray for High‐Efficiency Seawater Oxidation
Authors: Haq Tanveer ul , Arooj Mahreen , Tahir Aleena , Haik Yousef 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA nano‐micro heterostructure has been established to address the challenges of selectivity, stress, pitting corrosion, and long‐term durability of anodes in unpurified seawater. The heterostructure comprised NiOOH nanosheets embedded within a high surface area Ni(OH)2 microarray, and the surface structure is further functionalized with sulfate (SOx). This cation‐selective protective layer impedes chloride (Cl−) diffusion and abstracts H from reaction intermediates, leading to enhanced selectivity and corrosion resistance of the anode. The multilevel porosity within the randomly oriented nanosheets and the underlying support provide short diffusion channels for ions and mass migration, ensuring efficient ion transport and long‐term structural and mechanical durability of the active sites, even at high current density. Remarkably, the catalyst requires a small input voltage of 400 mV to deliver a current density of 1 A cm−2 and maintains it for over 168 h without noticeable degradation or hypochlorite formation. Spectroscopic analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the Ni electronic structure in the +3 valence state, its strong structural interaction with the underlying microarray, and the functionality of SOx significantly reduce the required potential for O–O coupling.
Co‐Adjusting d‐Band Center of Fe to Accelerate Proton Coupling for Efficient Oxygen Electrocatalysis
Authors: Zhang Pengxiang , Liu Shuling , Zhou Jingjing , Zhou Limin , Li Baojun , Li Shuqi , Wu Xianli , Chen Yu , Li Xin , Sheng Xia , Liu Yanyan , Jiang Jianchun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe problem in d‐band center modulation of transition metal‐based catalysts for the rate‐determining steps of oxygen conversion is an obstacle to boost the electrocatalytic activity by accelerating proton coupling. Herein, the Co doping to FeP is adopted to modify the d‐band center of Fe. Optimized Fe sites accelerate the proton coupling of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on N‐doped wood‐derived carbon through promoting water dissociation. In situ generated Fe sites optimize the adsorption of oxygen‐related intermediates of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on CoFeP NPs. Superior catalytic activity toward ORR (half‐wave potential of 0.88 V) and OER (overpotential of 300 mV at 10 mA cm−2) express an unprecedented level in carbon‐based transition metal‐phosphide catalysts. The liquid zinc–air battery presents an outstanding cycling stability of 800 h (2400 cycles). This research offers a newfangled perception on designing highly efficient carbon‐based bifunctional catalysts for ORR and OER.
Exceptionally Bifunctional ORR/OER Performance via Synergistic Atom–Cluster Interaction
Authors: Chen Guanyu , Liu Yihao , Xue Shuyan , Zhang Ruixuan , Lv Hualiang , Zhang Jincang , Wu Limin , Che Renchao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe single‐atom sites (SAs) have achieved enhanced performance toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with the effective utilization of the active sites. However, the excess adsorption of the intermediates and the limited stability hinders performance improvement. Metal clusters with promising stability and weak adsorption can be used as potential substitutions, but the lack of active sites is considered undesirable for catalytic reactions. Herein, a framework of Fe nanoclusters combined with SAs on One dimensional (1D) carbon nanotubes (Fe3C‐NCNTs 90 min CC−1) is synthesized to confirm the synergistic atom–cluster interaction. The composite exhibits strong polarization and electron redistribution between nanocluster and SAs. The electron redistribution will significantly boost the electron transport and the desorption of the intermediates, which is confirmed by off‐axis holography and DFT calculation. The electrocatalytic performance is significantly enhanced as the half‐wave potential of ORR increased 75 mV and the potential of OER increased 133 mV compared with the sample without nanoclusters. Furthermore, such a bifunctional catalyst endows homemade Zn‐air batteries (ZABs) with high power density and long‐term stability. This work paves a facile route to design bifunctional ORR/OER electrocatalysts consisting of 0D composite structures.
High‐Performance Self‐Powered Quantum Dot Infrared Photodetector with Azide Ion Solution Treated Electron Transport Layer
Authors: Choi Young Kyun , Kim Tae Hyuk , Jung Byung Ku , Park Taesung , Lee Yong Min , Oh Seongkeun , Choi Hyung Jin , Park Junhyeok , Bae Sang‐In , Lee YunKi , Shim Jae Won , Park Hye Yeon , Oh Soong Ju 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe demand for self‐powered photodetectors (PDs) capable of NIR detection without external power is growing with the advancement of NIR technologies such as LIDAR and object recognition. Lead sulfide quantum dot‐based photodetectors (PbS QPDs) excel in NIR detection; however, their self‐powered operation is hindered by carrier traps induced by surface defects and unfavorable band alignment in the zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO NP) electron‐transport layer (ETL). In this study, an effective azide‐ion (N3−) treatment is introduced on a ZnO NP ETL to reduce the number of traps and improve the band alignment in a PbS QPD. The ZnO NP ETL treated with azide ions exhibited notable improvements in carrier lifetime and mobility as well as an enhanced internal electric field within the thin‐film heterojunction of the ZnO NPs and PbS QDs. The azide‐ion‐treated PbS QPD demonstrated a increase in short‐circuit current density upon NIR illumination, marking a responsivity of 0.45 A W−1, specific detectivity of 4 × 1011 Jones at 950 nm, response time of 8.2 µs, and linear dynamic range of 112 dB.
Mechanical and Acoustic‐Driven BiFeO3 Composite Films‐Based Hybrid Nanogenerator for Energy Harvesting and Sensing Applications
Authors: Graham Sontyana Adonijah , Manchi Punnarao , Paranjape Mandar Vasant , Yu Jae Su 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNanogenerators for acoustic energy harvesting are still in the early stage of development, and many challenges such as the optimization of device structure and the design of efficient and sensitive materials need to be addressed. To solve the above‐mentioned problems, herein, advancement in synthesized multiferroic material for hybridizing the nanogenerator and efficient harvesting of various energies such as acoustic, mechanical, and vibrational energies is reported. Initially, bismuth ferrate (BiFeO3, BFO)‐based composite films are prepared with high ferroelectric and dielectric coefficients. The hybrid nanogenerator (HNG) based on a 3D‐printed structure has the highest electrical output which is further improved depending on the BFO loading concentration in the composite film. The 0.5 wt% BFO‐loaded PVDF‐based HNG offers the enhanced open circuit voltage, short circuit current, and charge density values of ≈30 V, ≈1 µA, and ≈10 µC/m2, respectively. The optimized HNG is employed to harvest mechanical energy from everyday human life. Furthermore, the HNG layers are used in the fabrication of a multi‐energy harvester/sensor (MEH/S) which can harvest/sense various vibrational and acoustic energies under different acoustic frequencies and amplitudes, respectively. The harvested energy from the MEH/S is tested to power portable electronics.
Advances in Mn‐Based MOFs and Their Derivatives for High‐Performance Supercapacitor
Authors: Cheng Honghong , Li Jianping , Meng Tao , Shu Dong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAs the most widely used metal material in supercapacitors, manganese (Mn)‐based materials possess the merits of high theoretical capacitance, stable structure as well as environmental friendliness. However, due to poor conductivity and easy accumulation, the practical capacitance of Mn‐based materials is far lower than that of theoretical value. Therefore, accurate structural adjustment and controllable strategies are urgently needed to optimize the electrochemical properties of Mn‐based materials. Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous materials with high specific surface area (SSA), tunable pore size, and controllable structure. These features make them attractive as precursors or scaffold for the synthesis of metal‐based materials and composites, which are important for electrochemical energy storage applications. Therefore, a timely and comprehensive review on the classification, design, preparation and application of Mn‐based MOFs and their derivatives for supercapacitors has been given in this paper. The recent advancement of Mn‐based MOFs and their derivatives applied in supercapacitor electrodes are particularly highlighted. Finally, the challenges faced by Mn‐MOFs and their derivatives for supercapacitors are summarized, and strategies to further improve their performance are proposed. The aspiration is that this review will serve as a beneficial compass, guiding the logical creation of Mn‐based MOFs and their derivatives in the future.
Supermolecule Polymer Derived Porous Carbon Nitride Microspheres with Controllable Energy Band Structure for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Xie Zhengzheng , Gao Qiang , Hussain Sajjad , Yang Jianjun , Li Qiuye 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPorous graphitic carbon nitride microsphere with large specific surface area and controllable energy band structure is synthesized via a simple method with the supermolecule polymer of melamine‐cyanuric acid (MCA) as the intermediates. The energy band structure and morphology of carbon nitride are closely correlative to the calcination time. And the CN‐20 catalyst fabricated by calcination for 20 h exhibit superior photocatalytic activity of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under visible‐light (λ ≥ 420 nm) irradiation. The photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical test results indicate that Pt is the optimum cocatalyst candidate compared with Pd, Ru, and Ag. Meanwhile, the time‐dependent process of the intermediate pyrolysis to carbon nitride and the internal mechanism of photogenerated charge transfer between semiconductors and cocatalyst is investigated and supplemented by theoretical calculations. This work provides a novel and energy band structure controllable manufacture strategy for porous carbon nitride semiconductor with satisfying visible‐light photocatalytic reduction performance.
A Thermal‐Ball‐Valve Structure Separator for Highly Safe Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Luo Mengning , Zhang Xueqian , Wang Sen , Ye Jiajia , Zhao Ya , Yang Ziqiang , Cui Shishuang , Hou Zhiguo , Yang Bin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe separator located between the positive and negative electrodes not only provides a lithium‐ion transmission channel but also prevents short circuits for direct contact of electrodes. The inferior dimension thermostability of commercial polyolefin separators intensifies the thermal runaway of batteries under abuse such as short circuits, overcharge, and so on. a polyvinylidene fluoride/polyether imide (PVDF/PEI) separator with high thermal stability in which the high thermostable PEI microspheres are evenly dispersed in the PVDF film matrix and also located in the micro holes of the PVDF film is developed. They not only function as strong skeleton that enables the rare shrink of the separator at 200 °C avoiding short circuit but also act as ball valve that blocks the lithium ion transmission channel at 150 °C interrupting the further heat aggregation. Thus, the LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2/Li batteries exhibit high cycle stability of 96.5% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.2C and 80°C. Further, the LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2/graphite pouch cells are constructed and deliver good safety performance without smoke release and catching fire after the nail penetration test.
Understanding the Super‐Theoretical Capacity Behavior of VO2 in Aqueous Zn Batteries
Authors: Deng Wenjun , Li Chang , Zou Wenxia , Xu Yushuang , Chen Yan , Li Rui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractVO2 material, as a promising intercalation host, is widely investigated not only in aqueous lithium‐ion batteries, but also in aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) owing to its stable tunnel‐like framework and multivalence of vanadium. Different from lithium‐ion storage, VO2 can provide higher capacity when storing zinc ions, even exceeding its theoretical capacity (323 mAh g−1), but the specific reason for this unconventional performance in AZIBs is still unclear. The present study proposes a catalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) coupled with an interface oxidation mechanism of VO2 during the initial charging to a high voltage. This coupling induces a phase transformation of VO2 into a high oxidation state of V5O12∙6H2O, enabling a nearly two‐electron reaction and providing additional zinc storage sites to achieve super‐theoretical capacity. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that these vanadium oxide cathodes (V2O3, VO2, and V2O5) will all undergo phase change after the first charge or short cycle. Notably, water molecules participate in the final formation of layered vanadium‐based hydrate, highlighting their crucial role as “pillars” for stabilizing the structure. This work significantly enhances the understanding of vanadium‐based oxide cathodes.
Aqueous Rechargeable Zn–Iodine Batteries: Issues, Strategies and Perspectives
Authors: Han Mingming , Chen Daru , Lu Qiongqiong , Fang Guozhao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe static aqueous rechargeable Zn–Iodine batteries (ARZiBs) have been studied extensively because of their low‐cost, high‐safety, moderate voltage output, and other unique merits. Nonetheless, the poor electrical conductivity and thermodynamic instability of the iodine cathode, the complicated conversion mechanism, and the severe interfacial reactions at the Zn anode side induce their low operability and unsatisfactory cycling stability. This review first clarifies the typical configuration of ARZiBs with a focus on the energy storage mechanism and uncovers the issues of the ARZiBs from a fundamental point of view. After that, it categorizes the recent optimization strategies into cathode fabrication, electrolyte modulation, and separator/anode modification; and summarizes and highlights the achieved progress of these strategies in advanced ARZiBs. Given that the ARZiBs are still at an early stage, the future research outlook is provided, which hopefully may guide the rational design of advanced ARZiBs.
Imaging Structural and Electrical Changes of Aging Cells Using Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy
Authors: Song Yao , Zhang Shuting , Cao Chen , Yan Jia , Li Mei , Li Xinyu , Chen Feng , Gu Ning 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe local charge density and distribution of extracellular membranes play a crucial role in the various cellular processes, such as regulation and localization of membrane proteins, electrophysiological signal transduction, transcriptional control, cell growth, and cell death. In this study, a novel scanning ion conductance microscopy‐based method is employed to extracellular membrane mapping. This method allows to not only visualize the dynamic topography and surface charge distribution around individual cells, but also distinguish the charge difference. To validate the accuracy and effectiveness of this method, the charge density on model sample surfaces are initially manipulated and the charge sensing mechanism using finite element modeling (FEM) is explored subsequently. By applying this method, both the extracellular charge distributions and topography structures of normal and senescent human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are able to monitor. Interestingly, it is observed that the surface charge became significantly more negative after cellular senescence. This innovative approach enables us to gain valuable insights into surface charge changes during cellular senescence, which can contribute to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies for age‐related diseases.
On weak (measure valued)–strong uniqueness for Navier–Stokes–Fourier system with Dirichlet boundary condition
Authors: Chaudhuri Nilasis 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this article, our goal is to define a measure valued solution of compressible Navier–Stokes–Fourier system for a heat conducting fluid with Dirichlet boundary condition for temperature in a bounded domain. The definition will be based on the weak formulation of entropy inequality and ballistic energy inequality. Moreover, we obtain the weak (measure valued)–strong uniqueness property of this solution with the help of relative energy.
Application and evaluation of classic and demand oriented cooling strategies in context of machine tools
Authors: Wenkler Eric , Steiert Christoph , Ihlenfeldt Steffen , Weber Jürgen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEnergy consumption is an important factor in the operation of machine tools. Recent studies showed that in average, $${1}/{5}$$

1
/
5

of the machine tools total energy demand is caused by internal cooling systems. The continually rising performance of machine tools, together with the importance of thermal stability, reasons the requirement for demand oriented cooling approaches, which could significantly reduce the energy consumption for internal machine cooling. This study applied classic and demand oriented cooling strategies on a machine tool frame, which is one of the most complex machine tool components from a thermal point of view. The demand oriented cooling is based on volume flow control and can either be configured close to the environmental temperature or close to the thermal steady state, which can be obtained by loss forecast in combination with an FE model or measurement. The impact of the strategies on the thermal reaction as well as the energy consumption is compared, showing a significant reduction of energy demand without significant impairment of the thermal stability.
Chronic kidney disease is related to impaired left ventricular strain as assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Dettori Rosalia , Milzi Andrea , Lubberich Richard Karl , Burgmaier Kathrin , Reith Sebastian , Marx Nikolaus , Frick Michael , Burgmaier Mathias 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important cardiovascular risk factor. However, the relationship between CKD and myocardial strain as a parameter of myocardial function is still incompletely understood, particularly in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) feature tracking allows to analyze myocardial strain with high reproducibility. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between CKD and myocardial strain as described by CMR in patients with ICM.

Methods
We retrospectively performed CMR-based myocardial strain analysis in 89 patients with ICM and different stages of CKD, classified according to the KDIGO stages. In all patients, global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS) and global radial strain (GRS) analysis of left ventricular myocardium were performed. Furthermore, segmental longitudinal (SLS), circumferential (SCS) and radial strain (SRS) according to the AHA 16/17-segment model was determined.

Results
Creatinine levels (GLS: r = 0.46, p < 0.001; GCS: r = 0.34, p = 0.001; GRS: r = − 0.4, p < 0.001), urea levels (GLS: r = 0.34, p = 0.001; GCS: r = 0.30, p = 0.005; GRS: r = − 0.31, p = 0.003) as well as estimated glomerular filtration rate (GLS: r = -0.40, p < 0.001; GCS: r = − 0.27, p = 0.012; GRS r = 0.34, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with global strains as determined by CMR. To further investigate the relationship between CKD and myocardial dysfunction, segmental strain analysis was performed: SLS was progressively impaired with increasing severity of CKD (KDIGO-1: − 11.93 ± 0.34; KDIGO-5: − 7.99 ± 0.38; p < 0.001 for KDIGO-5 vs. KDIGO-1; similar data for SCS and SRS). Interestingly, myocardial strain was impaired with CKD in both segments with and without scarring. Furthermore, in a multivariable analysis, eGFR was independently associated with GLS following adjustment for LV-EF, scar burden, diabetes, hypertension, age, gender, LV mass or LV mass index.

Conclusion
CKD is related to impaired LV strain as assessed by CMR in patients with ICM. In our cohort, this relationship is independent of LV-EF, the extent of myocardial scarring, diabetes, hypertension, age, gender, LV mass or LV mass index.
Objective structured assessment of medical students’ technical skills in second-degree perineal laceration repair with sponge model-based training
Authors: Olmes Gregor Leonhard , Doerk Merle , Solomayer Erich-Franz , Nigdelis Meletios P. , Sima Romina-Marina , Hamoud Bashar Haj 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
In this cohort study, we used a sponge simulator to train students in second-degree perineal laceration repair. We examined whether the training course improved the students’ skills, as measured with an objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATS) and by a senior physician. We also examined the correlation between these ratings to assess the validity of OSATS application in this context.

Methods
Between April and July 2022, 40 medical students took part in gynecological/obstetrics training that included a lecture about perineal trauma and the viewing of a video that demonstrated second-degree perineal laceration repair using a sponge model. They then underwent initial evaluation by a senior physician and OSATS application, yielding two independent scores. After training with the sponge model, a second evaluation was performed. The OSATS assessed practical skills (8 items) and suture results (2 items). The senior physician assigned ratings on a five-point ordinal scale ranging from 1 (excellent) to 5 (poor).

Results
Training with the sponge simulator significantly increased students’ OSATS (practical skills, p < 0.001; suture results, p < 0.05) and senior physician (p < 0.001) ratings. The OSATS and senior physician ratings correlated strongly (Spearman’s r: first assessment, – 0.72; second assessment, – 0.74; p < 0.01).

Conclusion
The sponge-based training improves students’ skills for the repair of a second-degree perineal laceration. The OSATS for the sponge model might be a valid option to examine medical students in an obstetrical course.