bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production and decays of 146 GeV flavons into eμ final state at the LHC
Authors: Koivunen Niko , Raidal Martti 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The CMS experiment at CERN has reported a possible signal for a resonance at 146 GeV decaying into the eμ final state which, presently, is the only experimental hint for lepton flavour violation in any low- and high-energy experiment. The Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism naturally predicts the existence of new scalars, the flavons, with flavour off-diagonal couplings. We study this framework in the context of the CMS result and find that the minimal, purely leptophilic model is too restricted to match the claimed signal. Thereafter we show how models with additional flavon couplings to quarks can explain the claimed signal while satisfying all the existing constraints on lepton flavour violation.
Apolipoprotein L genes are novel mediators of inflammation in beta cells
Authors: Paz-Barba Miriam , Muñoz Garcia Amadeo , de Winter Twan J. J. , de Graaf Natascha , van Agen Maarten , van der Sar Elisa , Lambregtse Ferdy , Daleman Lizanne , van der Slik Arno , Zaldumbide Arnaud , de Koning Eelco J. P. , Carlotti Françoise 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Inflammation induces beta cell dysfunction and demise but underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The apolipoprotein L (APOL) family of genes has been associated with innate immunity and apoptosis in non-pancreatic cell types, but also with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here, we hypothesised that APOL genes play a role in inflammation-induced beta cell damage.

Methods
We used single-cell transcriptomics datasets of primary human pancreatic islet cells to study the expression of APOL genes upon specific stress conditions. Validation of the findings was carried out in EndoC-βH1 cells and primary human islets. Finally, we performed loss- and gain-of-function experiments to investigate the role of APOL genes in beta cells.

Results
APOL genes are expressed in primary human beta cells and APOL1, 2 and 6 are strongly upregulated upon inflammation via the Janus kinase (JAK)−signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway. APOL1 overexpression increases endoplasmic reticulum stress while APOL1 knockdown prevents cytokine-induced beta cell death and interferon-associated response. Furthermore, we found that APOL genes are upregulated in beta cells from donors with type 2 diabetes compared with donors without diabetes mellitus.

Conclusions/interpretation
APOLs are novel regulators of islet inflammation and may contribute to beta cell damage during the development of diabetes.

Data availability
scRNAseq data generated by our laboratory and used in this study are available in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO; www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/), accession number GSE218316.

Graphical Abstract
New insights on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) for Central Asia
Authors: Caporin Massimiliano , Cooray Arusha , Kuziboev Bekhzod , Yusubov Inomjon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe estimate the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) for Central Asia by allowing for the possibility of linear, U-shaped and N-shaped forms, and considering the impact of ecological footprint, climate change adaptation and energy consumption. We employ a fully modified ordinary least squares framework for cointegrating polynomial regressions, and include obtained long-run relations in a panel Vector Error Correction model. The findings suggest that the linear EKC form is more coherent for Central Asia compared to the N-shaped EKC form. We link this to the fact that the Central Asian countries are in the first stage of the EKC. We observe that Gross domestic product, ecological footprint, energy consumption and climate change adaptation positively impact carbon dioxide emissions in the long-run. Moreover, there is bidirectional causality from $$GDP$$

GDP

and climate change adaptation to $${CO}_{2}$$

CO

2

emissions, while causality is unidirectional between emissions and energy consumption.
Virulence genotype and phenotype of two clinical isolates of Arcobacter butzleri obtained from patients with different pathologies
Authors: Baztarrika Itsaso , Salazar-Sánchez Adrián , Hernaez Crespo Silvia , López Mirones José Israel , Canut Andrés , Alonso Rodrigo , Martínez-Ballesteros Ilargi , Martinez-Malaxetxebarria Irati 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe surge in human arcobacteriosis has increased interest in determining the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of Arcobacter butzleri. Here, genomic analyses and in vitro Caco-2 infection, motility, urease and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) assays were used to characterise the virulence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants of strains HC-1, isolated from a patient with travellers’ diarrhoea, and HC-2, isolated from another with pruritus. AMR determinants conferring resistance to tetracycline (tetO, present in both genomes) and to ampicillin and amoxicillin–clavulanic acid (bla3, present in HC-2) were identified. The same determinants associated with flagellum, chemotaxis, adhesion and invasion were detected in both, but HC-1 lacked eight flagellar genes. The urease cluster was only present in HC-1. Motility and urease tests confirmed the genetic differences between strains, but no genetic marker related to the inability of HC-2 to adhere and invade was identified. This inability could be conditioning the patient’s pathology.
Effect of laser polarization on atomic and ionic emissions in Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)
Authors: Adarsh U. K. , Unnikrishnan V. K. , Vasa Parinda , George Sajan D. , Chidangil Santhosh , Mathur Deepak 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLaser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is attracting a great deal of interest in qualitative and quantitative analysis of materials. Close observation reveals that developments in the science that underpins LIBS as an analytical technique are limited to either signal enhancement strategies or newer data analysis techniques that facilitate better interpretation of raw LIBS data. Developments related to the excitation part of LIBS have been restricted to the effects of laser beam characteristics or the effect of ambient experimental conditions. The influence, if any, of the polarization state of the excitation laser has largely remained unexplored. We address this lacuna by probing the influence of different polarization states of the excitation laser on LIBS spectra of metals (copper and silver) and non-metals (polyethylene) by analyzing the polarization-dependent behavior of both atomic and ionic emission lines. Our observations open the possibility of tackling the problem of relatively faint emissions from ionic species in the plasma by appropriately manipulating the polarization state of the incident laser beam; this may lead to easy-to-implement improvement in the performance of LIBS instruments.
Graphical abstract
Toric Rings of Perfectly Matchable Subgraph Polytopes
Authors: Mori Kenta 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe perfectly matchable subgraph polytope of a graph is a (0,1)-polytope associated with the vertex sets of matchings in the graph. In this paper, we study algebraic properties (compressedness, Gorensteinness) of the toric rings of perfectly matchable subgraph polytopes. In particular, we give a complete characterization of a graph whose perfectly matchable subgraph polytope is compressed.
Multiphase-solid fluid inclusions in HP-LT eclogite facies rock (Zavkhan Terrane, Western Mongolia): evidence for the evolution from saline to hypersaline fluids during metamorphism in subduction zone
Authors: Bayarbold Manzshir , Okamoto Atsushi , Uno Masaoki , Yoshida Kenta , Kotov Alexey , Agroli Geri , Dandar Otgonbayar , Niwa Yasuhiro , Kimura Masao , Tsuchiya Noriyoshi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFluid inclusions in high- and ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks provide direct information on the composition of the fluids that evolved during metamorphism and fluid-rock interactions in deep subduction zones. We investigate the fluid inclusions in the Khungui eclogite of the Zavkhan Terrane, Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Fluid inclusions are observed in garnet and quartz in the eclogite samples that underwent metamorphism during subduction. The primary fluid inclusions in quartz are composed of liquid and vapor with high salinities (15.7–16.4 wt.% NaCl eq.), whereas the secondary fluid inclusions in quartz are classified as: relatively high salinity (Type I:12.5–16.3 wt.% NaCl eq.) and low salinity (Type II:6.7–10.6 wt.% NaCl eq.). The garnet shows compositional zoning from Ca-poor cores to Ca-rich rims, and the rims that grew during the eclogite-stage metamorphism (2.1–2.2 GPa at 580–610 °C) preferentially contain numerous primary fluid inclusions. The primary fluid inclusions in garnet are commonly bi-phases (liquid and vapor); however, some are multiphase-solid fluid inclusions composed of fluids (liquid and vapor) and combinations of several minerals (halite, quartz, apatite, calcite, biotite, chlorite, and actinolite). Bi-phase fluid inclusions preferentially occur in the inner parts of the Ca-rich garnet rim, whereas multiphase-solid fluid inclusions occur along the margins of the Ca-rich rim. We hypothesize that the multiphase-solid fluid inclusions are formed via interactions between trapped fluids, trapped minerals, and the host garnet during exhumation. By combination of FIB–SEM and synchrotron X-ray CT analyses, the detailed occurrences, volumes, and compositions of the solid phases in the fluid inclusion was analyzed. We then conduct mass balance analysis to reconstruct accurate fluid compositions using data from the FIB–SEM and synchrotron X-ray CT images of the multiphase-solid fluid inclusion. The results of these analyses reveal that (1) fluid changed from an H2O-dominated saline fluid (13–16 wt. % NaCl eq.) at the prograde to the earlier eclogite stage to H2O–CO2-dominated hypersaline fluid at later eclogite stage (~ 32 wt. % NaCl eq., 7.3 wt. % CO2 and ~ 19 molal dissolved cations); (2) a variety of mineral assemblages in multiphase-solid fluid inclusions are produced by post-entrapment reactions between the trapped hypersaline fluid, trapped minerals and the fluid host mineral. The evolution of fluids from saline to hypersaline during the eclogite facies stage is probably caused by the formation of hydrous minerals (i.e., barroisite) under a near-closed system.
Comparing the evidence for botulinum neurotoxin injections in paediatric anterior drooling: a scoping review
Authors: Orriëns Lynn B. , van Hulst Karen , van der Burg Jan J. W. , van den Hoogen Frank J. A. , Willemsen Michèl A. A. P. , Erasmus Corrie E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPaediatric anterior drooling has a major impact on the daily lives of children and caregivers. Intraglandular botulinum neurotoxin type-A (BoNT-A) injections are considered an effective treatment to diminish drooling. However, there is no international consensus on which major salivary glands should be injected to obtain optimal treatment effect while minimizing the risk of side effects. This scoping review aimed to explore the evidence for submandibular BoNT-A injections and concurrent submandibular and parotid (i.e. four-gland) injections, respectively, and assess whether outcomes could be compared across studies to improve decision making regarding the optimal initial BoNT-A treatment approach for paediatric anterior drooling. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched to identify relevant studies (until October 1, 2023) on submandibular or four-gland BoNT-A injections for the treatment of anterior drooling in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Similarities and differences in treatment, patient, outcome, and follow-up characteristics were assessed. Twenty-eight papers were identified; 7 reporting on submandibular injections and 21 on four-gland injections. No major differences in treatment procedures or timing of follow-up were found. However, patient characteristics were poorly reported, there was great variety in outcome measurement, and the assessment of side effects was not clearly described. Conclusion: This review highlights heterogeneity in outcome measures and patient population descriptors among studies on paediatric BoNT-A injections, limiting the ability to compare treatment effectiveness between submandibular and four-gland injections. These findings emphasize the need for more extensive and uniform reporting of patient characteristics and the implementation of a core outcome measurement set to allow for comparison of results between studies and facilitate the optimization of clinical practice guidelines.

What is Known:• There is no international consensus on which salivary glands to initially inject with BoNT-A to treat paediatric drooling.

What is New:• Concluding on the optimal initial BoNT-A treatment based on literature is currently infeasible. There is considerable heterogeneity in outcome measures used to quantify anterior drooling.and clinical characteristics of children treated with intraglandular BoNT-A are generally insufficiently reported.• Consensus-based sets of outcome measures and patient characteristics should be developed and implemented.
The role of radiotherapy in the management of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: a single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Roohani Siyer , Claßen Noa Marie , Ehret Felix , Jarosch Armin , Dziodzio Tomasz , Flörcken Anne , Märdian Sven , Zips Daniel , Kaul David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study sought to investigate the role of radiotherapy (RT) in addition to surgery for oncological outcomes in patients with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST).

Methods
In this single-center, retrospective cohort study, histopathologically confirmed MPNST were analyzed. Local control (LC), overall survival (OS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were assessed using the Kaplan–Meier estimator. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with LC, OS, and DMFS.

Results
We included 57 patients with a median follow-up of 20.0 months. Most MPNSTs were located deeply (87.5%), were larger than 5 cm (55.8%), and had high-grade histology (78.7%). Seventeen patients received surgery only, and 25 patients received surgery and pre- or postoperative RT. Median LC, OS, and DMFS after surgery only were 8.7, 25.5, and 22.0 months; after surgery with RT, the median LC was not reached, while the median OS and DMFS were 111.5 and 69.9 months. Multivariable Cox regression of LC revealed a negative influence of patients presenting with local disease recurrence compared to patients presenting with an initial primary diagnosis of localized MPNST (hazard ratio: 8.86, p = 0.003).

Conclusions
The addition of RT to wide surgical excision appears to have a beneficial effect on LC. Local disease recurrence at presentation is an adverse prognostic factor for developing subsequent local recurrences. Future clinical and translational studies are warranted to identify molecular targets and find effective perioperative combination therapies with RT to improve patient outcomes.
High performance machine learning approach for reference evapotranspiration estimation
Authors: Aly Mohammed S. , Darwish Saad M. , Aly Ahmed A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAccurate reference evapotranspiration (ET0) estimation has an effective role in reducing water losses and raising the efficiency of irrigation water management. The complicated nature of the evapotranspiration process is illustrated in the amount of meteorological variables required to estimate ET0. Incomplete meteorological data is the most significant challenge that confronts ET0 estimation. For this reason, different machine learning techniques have been employed to predict ET0, but the complicated structures and architectures of many of them make ET0 estimation very difficult. For these challenges, ensemble learning techniques are frequently employed for estimating ET0, particularly when there is a shortage of meteorological data. This paper introduces a powerful super learner ensemble technique for ET0 estimation, where four machine learning models: Extra Tree Regressor, Support Vector Regressor, K-Nearest Neighbor and AdaBoost Regression represent the base learners and their outcomes used as training data for the meta learner. Overcoming the overfitting problem that affects most other ensemble methods is a significant advantage of this cross-validation theory-based approach. Super learner performances were compared with the base learners for their forecasting capabilities through different statistical standards, where the results revealed that the super learner has better accuracy than the base learners, where different combinations of variables have been used whereas Coefficient of Determination (R2) ranged from 0.9279 to 0.9994 and Mean Squared Error (MSE) ranged from 0.0026 to 0.3289 mm/day but for the base learners R2 ranged from 0.5592 to 0.9977, and MSE ranged from 0.0896 to 2.0118 mm/day therefore, super learner is highly recommended for ET0 prediction with limited meteorological data.
Hybrid GA-PSO method with local search and image clustering for automatic IFS image reconstruction of fractal colored images
Authors: Gálvez Akemi , Fister Iztok , Deb Suash , Fister Iztok , Iglesias Andrés 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOver the past few decades, the application of iterated function systems (IFS) in reconstructing fractal images has been a challenging research area. Numerous methods have been proposed to address this issue. However, they generally focus on binary or grayscale images, neglecting the color component of the process. Consequently, they are unsuitable for reconstructing colored images. In a previous paper presented at the ISCMI 2021 conference, the authors introduced a novel approach that utilizes the cuckoo search algorithm and k-means clustering for IFS fractal reconstruction of colored images. Building upon that work, this paper introduces an enhanced and extended method by combining genetic algorithms (GAs) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) with local search and image clustering. In this approach, GA and PSO are mutually coupled to automatically determine the color of the contractive functions and the IFS parameters, respectively. The output of each method serves as the input for the other in an iterative manner. Main contributions of this method are: (1) it computes automatically the optimal number and IFS code of the contractive functions; (2) the color of the contractive functions is determined automatically through an optimization process using GA; (3) a local refinement step is performed to further enhance the final solution. Overall, this new method yields highly accurate results in reconstructing the geometry and color of input fractal images, without requiring any additional information about the target beyond the bitmap image.
Provenance of far-traveled nappes in the eastern Mediterranean (Uppermost Unit, Crete): constraints from U–Pb zircon ages of detrital and igneous zircons
Authors: Zulauf G. , Dörr W. , Albert R. , Martha S. O. , Xypolias P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNew U–Pb ages of detrital and igneous zircons of the Uppermost Unit of Crete shed light on its provenance and on Eohellenic to Eoalpine imprints in the eastern Mediterranean. The detrital zircons of all nappes show Variscan ages and are characterized by a Minoan-type age spectrum, which is typical for the NE margin of Gondwana. Parts of the metasedimentary rocks are unexpectedly young. Their detrital zircon ages continue via the Permian until the Late Triassic, Middle Jurassic and Early Cretaceous. The high-grade metamorphic rocks of the Asterousia crystalline complex are likely equivalents of the low-grade metamorphic trench and fore-arc deposits of the Vatos nappe pointing to Late Cretaceous slab roll back. The presence of both late Permian detrital zircons and Late Cretaceous arc-type granitoids suggest that the Uppermost Unit of Crete is derived from the late Permian/Late Cretaceous magmatic belt situated north of the Sava–Vardar–Izmir–Ankara Suture in the Strandja–Rhodope area. To achieve their recent position on Crete, the nappes had to travel more than 500 km. The traveling path is well tracked by rocks of the Upper Cycladic Unit, which are similar to those of the Uppermost Unit of Crete. The large displacement of the Cretan nappes was controlled not only by nappe transport, but probably also by dextral strike–slip along the North Anatolian Fault Zone and related counterclockwise rotation of the Anatolian block since the Eocene.
Graphical abstract
“You talk of threat, but we think of comfort”: the role of place attachment in small remote communities in Iceland that experience avalanche threat
Authors: Kokorsch Matthias , Gísladóttir Jóhanna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAccording to the Icelandic Meteorological Office, climate change may increase the likelihood, intensity, and frequency of some natural hazards in the country, such as avalanches. It is therefore essential to increase preparedness for climate change–related effects. Until recently, social and community aspects of climate change–related hazards have not received much attention in Iceland. The aim of this study was to explore the role of place attachment in small remote communities in Iceland and how residents experience the threat of avalanches. Through a narrative approach, we conducted interviews with residents and focus groups in two communities in the Westfjords. Our findings suggest that both communities show a high level of place attachment, in particular with regard to the natural and social dimension. A positive impact of place attachment translates into willingness for volunteering and local engagement, which can increase preparedness and enhance capacity building. While we found negative tendencies of place attachment in both places, for example in that residents do not consider their communities vulnerable despite the risk, they seem to be less prominent than the positive aspects. Residents exhibit traditional local knowledge, but there is a need to better integrate newcomers and foreigners in the communities into emergency planning.
From process mining to augmented process execution
Authors: Chapela-Campa David , Dumas Marlon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBusiness process management (BPM) is a well-established discipline comprising a set of principles, methods, techniques, and tools to continuously improve the performance of business processes. Traditionally, most BPM decisions and activities are undertaken by business stakeholders based on manual data collection and analysis techniques. This is time-consuming and potentially leads to suboptimal decisions, as only a restricted subset of data and options are considered. Over the past decades, a rich set of data-driven techniques has emerged to support and automate various activities and decisions across the BPM lifecycle, particularly within the process mining field. More recently, the uptake of artificial intelligence (AI) methods for BPM has led to a range of approaches for proactive business process monitoring. Given their common data requirements and overlapping goals, process mining and AI-driven approaches to business process optimization are converging. This convergence is leading to a promising emerging concept, which we call(AI-)augmented process execution: a collection of data analytics and artificial intelligence methods for continuous and automated improvement and adaptation of business processes. This article gives an outline of research at the intersection between process mining and AI-driven process optimization, classifies the researched techniques based on their scope and objectives, and positions augmented process execution as an additional layer on top of this stack.