bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Qemal Haxhihasani dhe bota arbëreshe në Itali
Authors: Belushi (Bellusci) Antonio 
Published: November 2023

Në këtë artikull jepet një pjesë nga letërkëmbimi mes autorit Antonio Belushi dhe etnologut të njohur Qemal Haxhihasani, mbledhës dhe studiues i folklorit dhe i dialektologjisë, filolog dhe profesor. Njohje që zë fill në Tiranë, kur u mbajt Kuvendi Ndërkombëtar mbi Ilirët, më 15-16 shtator 1972, ku ka qenë ai i ftuar për një kumtesë, gjithashtu edhe unë, si prift dhe studiues arbëresh. Për mua ka qenë një moment i jashtëzakoshëm gëzimi dhe nderimi. Shkrimi i Haxhihasanit më nxiti më shumë të vazhdoja në kërkimet e mia në fushën e kulturës popullore arbëreshe në Itali si edhe arbërore në Greqi. Lidhja jonë vëllazërore vazhdoi duke i dërguar revistën gjashtëmujore “Lidhja”, që themelova në Kozencë në vitin 1980, dhe botimet e mia të tjera etnografike. Nga ana e tij Q. Haxhihasasani më përsëriste gjihthnjë se “po të keni ndonjë nevojë lidhur me botimet tona më shkruaj”. Në këtë letërkëmbim vërehet vëmendja e ndërsjelltë mbi aspekte të ndryshme të jetës kulturore shqiptare dhe arbërëshe si gëzimi që më shpreh Q. Haxhihasani “për rastin që ju ishte krijuar për të shkuar në Kanada dhe Shtetet e Bashkuara të Amerikës dhe për bashkëpunimin që kishe pasur me mëmëdhetarët e atjeshëm për vazhdimin e luftës suaj fisnike në dobi të çështjes së shenjtë të çlirimit të Kosovës sonë martire, por heroike”. Po ashtu pjesë e vëmendjes së letërkëmbimit janë pluralizmi politik në Shqipëri, që “ka hapur një epokë të re për popullin shqiptar”. Shprehja e gëzimit që Kuvendi i parë pluralist në Tiranë kishte miratuar një rezolutë mjaft pozitive për Kosovën, duke theksuar se “është detyrë e çdo intelektuali të bashkërendojë veprimtarinë e tij me këtë perspektivë”. Duke iu drejtuar At Antonio Belushit, Q. Haxhihasani pohon: “Ne kemi ndjekur me kënaqësi, nëpërmjet ekranit dhe shtypit periodik, veprimtarinë tuaj, sidomos lidhur me Kosovën, të cilën ju e quani më të drejtë si atdhe të dytë.” Pjesë e rëndësishme e letërkëmbit janë edhe projektet dhe idetë lidhur me mënyrën “se si t’i bashkojmë forcat intelektuale të profilit në kërkim e studim
të thesareve etnologjike të diasporës, si një punë shkencore krahasuese më e gjerë, një koordinim e ndërveprim për një punë të kualifikuar e komplekse. Eshtë fjala për botimin e një korpusi etnologjik krahasues për arbëreshët e Italisë e arbërorët e Greqisë, botim tërësor trashëgimie.”
Utilizing Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge-Based Engineering Techniques in Shipbuilding: Practical Insights and Viability
Authors: Shahzad Tufail , Wang Peng , van Lith Peter , Hoffmans Jacques 
Published: November 2023

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This paper delves into the technical aspects and viability of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and knowledge-based engineering (KBE) tools in practical design. The goal is to digitally embed the hands-on expertise and technical boundaries set by seasoned professionals during intricate engineering and preparatory phases. We showcase how AI/KBE tools might emulate human cognitive processes to make well-informed choices. The article also probes the prospective economic and modernization repercussions of this innovation. Our findings suggest that such an integration is feasible and can amplify the decision-making efficacy and advance the sophistication of CAD/CAM systems in the shipbuilding realm. Furthermore, this investigation underscores the promising future of AI/KBE tools in ship design and advocates for continued exploration and innovation in this sector to fully harness its advantages.

Introduction
Shipbuilding has long been intertwined with CAD/CAM technologies. As technology evolves, so does the landscape of ship design and manufacturing (Ross, 1950). Traditionally, ship design leaned heavily on seasoned engineers and designers, whose insights were cultivated over years of experience. However, with the rising demand for ships and an aging workforce, there’s a pressing need for enhanced design methodologies. Enter the era of artificial intelligence (AI) and knowledge-based engineering (KBE), which promise to revolutionize ship design by integrating practical knowledge and technical constraints. In today’s shipbuilding scenario, younger engineers often handle detailed engineering stages, a shift from when experienced professionals dominated the shop floor (Moyst and Das, 2005). Our research aims to assess the feasibility of AI KBE systems in enhancing the ship design process during these stages, by virtualizing the knowledge of experienced workers.
Gambaran Ibu Tentang Picky Eater Pada Anak Pra Sekolah di Kecamatan Gunung Anyar Surabaya
Authors: Atika Zummatul 
Published: November 2023

Picky Eater merupakan salah satu masalah yang ada pada anak usia prasekolah. Sulit makan adalah sikap menolak untuk makan atau memilih-milih jenis makanan. Kebiasaan dalam mengabaikan makanan pada anak merupakan persoalan yang banyak sekali dialami oleh orang tua. Pada masa pertumbuhannya, anak sangat membutuhkan nutrisi yang penting, tumbuh kembangnya akan mengalami banyak masalah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kebiasaan jajan dengan kejadian sulit makan pada anak prasekolah di Kecamatan Gunung Anyar Surabaya. Metode penelitian ini yaitu deksriptif analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian Ini adalah 400 responden dengan teknik accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dalam bentuk google form dan analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar anak di Kecamatan Gunung Anyar Surabaya memiliki kebiasaan jajan >2x sehari (59,2%). Sebagian besar anak di Kecamatan Gunung Anyar Surabaya mengalami sulit makan (54,0%). Hasil analisis nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini yaitu ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kebiasaan jajan dengan kejadian sulit makan pada anak pra sekolah. Diharapkan bagi oraang tua untuk mengatur pola makan anak dan memberikan cemilan yang bernilai gizi lengkap sehingga anak tidak kekurangan gizi.
Problems of Working Women in Islamabad: A Case of Four Public Organizations
Authors: Kayani Javeria Arshad , Zaheer Shazia , Ali Salima Barkat , Khan Waqas A. , Nishtar Zuhaib 
Published: November 2023

Working women face many problems at the work place. Women workers face more challenges than male workers. For instance, being a working woman they are also house hold women and they have many responsibilities as well as professional responsibilities. They have to maintain balance between her home and career. Different problems such as attitude of society members and prejudice adversely affect the utilization of their talent and working abilities. The objectives of the study were to:(a) Find out the problems faced by the working women (b) Find out the attitude of their families towards working women (c)Check the existing status and security of the women. The study was a survey research type. Design of the study was a quantitative research. All the working women of Islamabad was population of the research study. The simple random sampling technique was used to select working women from various professions. Questionnaire was designed in order to collect data that was comprised of open ended and close ended questions. Population of the study was working women of Islamabad. Data were collected by personal visits. Questionnaires were distributed to a sample of 54 working women in Islamabad and thus data were collected. Data analysis were done through calculating mean score, percentage and frequencies. Result of the study shows that working women face multiple problems at workplace including, harassment, gender discrimination, work family adjustment and lack of support from the family. Study recommended that work organizations should provide a gender discrimination free environment and families might help and support working women to bring productivity and creativity in their work as this will help the families to lessen the financial burden.
Increased academic stress is associated with decreased plasma BDNF in Chilean college students
Authors: Castillo-Navarrete Juan-Luis , Bustos Claudio , Guzman-Castillo Alejandra , Vicente Benjamin 
Published: November 2023

Introduction
Academic stress (AS) is a prevalent challenge faced by university students, potentially affecting molecular indicators such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and global DNA methylation (G-DNA-M). These indicators could illuminate the physiological ramifications of academic stress.

Study Design and Methods
This research followed a quantitative, non-experimental, longitudinal panel design spanning two academic semesters, observing phenomena in their natural context. Students from the Medical Technology program at Universidad de Concepción, Chile were involved, with assessments at the beginning and during heightened academic stress periods.

Sample
Of the total participants, 63.0% were females, with an average age of 21.14 years at baseline, and 36.92% were males, averaging 21.36 years. By the study’s conclusion, female participants averaged 21.95 years, and males 22.13 years.

Results
Significant differences were observed between initial and final assessments for the SISCO-II Inventory of Academic Stress and Beck Depression Inventory-II, notably in stressor scores, and physical, and psychological reactions. Gender differences emerged in the final physical and psychological reactions. No significant changes were detected between the two assessments in plasma BDNF or G-DNA-M values. A refined predictive model showcased that, on average, there was a 3.56% decrease in females’ plasma BDNF at the final assessment and a 17.14% decrease in males. In the sample, the G-DNA-M percentage at the final assessment increased by 15.06% from the baseline for females and 18.96% for males.

Conclusions
The study underscores the physiological impact of academic stress on university students, evidenced by changes in markers like BDNF and G-DNA-M. These findings offer an in-depth understanding of the intricate mechanisms regulating academic stress responses and highlight the need for interventions tailored to mitigate its physiological and psychological effects.
The New South Wales Government’s Flying-fox Grants Program: changes in project themes across three funding rounds
Authors: Mo Matthew , Gregory Joshua , Timmiss Libby A. , Cenedese Susy 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
The presence of flying-fox camps in settled areas is often a contentious issue for residents and businesses. The Flying-fox Camp Management Policy 2015 sets the framework for land managers in New South Wales (NSW) to work with communities to manage flying-fox camps. To facilitate this, the NSW Government delivered the Flying-fox Grants Program, which provided funds for land managers to prepare and implement flying-fox management plans and undertake community engagement. There were three funding rounds, the first spanning 2016-18, followed by rounds in 2019 and 2020. Each funding round was fully subscribed, totalling 76 grants for 39 recipient organisations. Compared to the first funding round, there was a progressive decline in grants for works involving vegetation removal to create and maintain cleared buffers in the second and third funding rounds. Furthermore, only one grant was awarded for camp dispersal during the first funding round and none in subsequent funding rounds. Rather, the latter two funding rounds contained a greater representation of grants awarded for works aligned with biodiversity conservation objectives, such as replanting of native vegetation and community education, as well as the emergence of grants sought for heat stress mitigations in the subsequent funding rounds. Grants awarded for preparing flying-fox management plans progressed over the course of the program from predominantly camp-specific plans to regionwide management plans. The latter provide land managers with a streamlined approach that allows new flying-fox camps to be incorporated into management planning as they appear.
Knowledge of Human Immuno Deficiency Virus (HIV) Status and Preferred Testing Approach among Men in Bono Region, Ghana
Authors: Seidu Hamidatu Banawabali , Gyaase Philip , Kuupiel Desmond , Osei Ernest 
Published: November 2023

Background: Countries are making progress towards the global goal of 90% of people with HIV knowing their status by 2020 and 95% by 2030. In 2019 about 19% of all those living with HIV worldwide were undiagnosed. The study sought to assess the knowledge of HIV status and preferred testing approach among men in the Bono Region, Ghana.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey involving 403 men aged 18 years and above who were accessing HIV counselling and testing services in seven major health facilities in the Bono region was employed. The data were analysed by using SPSS version 25.0 software with both descriptive and inferential analysis. Data were presented using frequencies, tables and charts. Statistical significance for all testing was set as 0.05.
Results: The results revealed that most of the respondents were below 30 years with mean age of 42.5 and standard deviation of 6.8. The prevalence rate of men who knew their HIV status in the Bono region was 55.6% and the preferred HIV testing approach was self-testing (61.3%). The reasons for the preferred approach was privacy (41%) and the predictor of HIV status was awareness (source of knowledge was significant; OR= 0.67 (95%CI=0.32,1.4); p-value=0.003. The location of the testing facility was statistically significant with OR= 1.66(95%CI=0.94,2.93); p-value=0.002 as well as marital status and occupation of the respondents were also statistically significant with OR=4.86 (95%CI=1.8-79); p-value=0.000 respectively.
Conclusion: The study concludes that if men are exposed to the facts about HIV testing services, the misconception about the disease will be reduced and more men will be involved in the HIV testing services. The study recommends that Policies, interventions and measures on testing should be integrated in a common health problem that brings men to hospitals just as done in women. Management of the health facilities should continue with the education on HIV testing services especially among men who are yet to undertake such services to prevent fear and anxiety. Further study is required to guide a differentiated approach to programmatic interventions. Encourage a similar survey in different region to confirm or disconfirm the findings of this study.
Analysis of the Breast Cancer Journey in Namibia
Authors: Boucheron Pauline , Zietsman Annelle , Pontac Johanna , Hansen Rolf , Anderson Benjamin O. , Togawa Kayo , Macharia Peter M. , Foerster Milena , Schüz Joachim , dos-Santos-Silva Isabel , McCormack Valerie 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceBreast cancer (BC) is the leading cancer among women in Namibia. Examining the BC journey in this multiracial country where inequalities remain large is needed to inform effective interventions to reduce BC mortality.ObjectiveTo describe the entire BC journey of Namibian women by race, utilizing the World Health Organization Global Breast Cancer Initiative (GBCI) framework.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used the Namibian subset of the African Breast Cancer–Disparities in Outcomes prospective cohort. Participants were all Namibian residents with confirmed incident BC who presented at the main national public oncology center of the Windhoek Central Hospital (WCH). Follow-up started from recruitment (September 8, 2014, to October 5, 2016) and ended up to 3 years after diagnosis (December 13, 2014, to September 27, 2019). Data analysis was conducted from June 2022 to August 2023.ExposuresParticipants’ self-reported ethnicities were aggregated into 3 population groups: Black, mixed ancestry, and White.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThree-year overall survival (OS) was examined using Cox models, and summary statistics were used to describe women’s BC journey, including GBCI pillar key performance indicators: (1) early stage (TNM I or II) diagnosis (population benchmark ≥60%), (2) prompt diagnosis, ie, 60 days or less to first health care practitioner visit (population benchmark 100%), and (3) completion of recommended multimodal treatment (MT, ie, surgery plus chemotherapy) (population benchmark ≥80%).ResultsOf 405 women, there were 300 (74%) Black (mean [SD] age, 53 [15] years), 49 (12%) mixed ancestry (mean [SD] age, 53 [7] years), and 56 (14%) White (mean [SD] age, 59 [12] years) patients. Three-year OS was lowest in Black women (60% [95% CI, 54%-66%]; mixed ancestry: 80% [95% CI, 65%-89%]; White: 89% [95% CI, 77%-95%]), who had lower prevalence of early stage diagnosis (Black: 37% [95% CI, 31%-42%]; mixed ancestry and White: 75% [95% CI, 66%-83%]) and timely diagnosis (Black: 60% [95% CI, 54%-66%]; mixed ancestry and White: 77% [95% CI, 69%-85%]), while MT completion (Black: 53% [95% CI, 46%-59%]; mixed ancestry and White: 63% [95% CI, 50%-73%]) was low in all women.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of 405 Namibian residents with BC, marked racial disparities in survival were paralleled by inequities all along the BC journey. To improve BC survival, interventions are needed to promote earlier diagnosis in Black Namibian women and to increase MT initiation and completion in all women.
Adapting a practical EPR dosimetry protocol to measure output factors in small fields with alanine
Authors: Höfel Sebastian , Liebig Pauline , Fix Michael K. , Drescher Malte , Zwicker Felix 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeModern radiotherapy techniques often deliver small radiation fields. In this work, a practical Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) dosimetry protocol is adapted and applied to measure output factors (OF) in small fields of a 6 MV radiotherapy system. Correction factors and uncertainties are presented and OFs are compared to the values obtained by following TRS‐483 using an ionization chamber (IC).MethodsIrradiations were performed at 10 cm depth inside a water phantom positioned at 90 cm source to surface distance with a 6 MV flattening filter free photon beam of a Halcyon radiotherapy system. OFs for different nominal field sizes (1 × 1, 2 × 2, 3 × 3, 4 × 4, normalized to 10 × 10 cm2) were determined with a PinPoint 3D (PTW 31022) IC following TRS‐483 as well as with alanine pellets with a diameter of 4 mm and a height of 2.4 mm. EPR readout was performed with a benchtop X‐band spectrometer. Correction factors due to volume averaging and due to positional uncertainties were derived from 2D film measurements.ResultsOFs obtained from both dosimeter types agreed within 0.7% after applying corrections for the volume averaging effect. For the used alanine pellets, volume averaging correction factors of 1.030(2) for the 1 × 1 cm2 field and <1.002 for the larger field sizes were determined. The correction factor for positional uncertainties of 1 mm was in the order of 1.018 for the 1 × 1 cm2 field. Combined relative standard uncertainties uc for the OFs resulting from alanine measurements were estimated to be below 1.5% for all field sizes. For IC measurements, uc was estimated to be below 1.0%.ConclusionsA practical EPR dosimetry protocol is adaptable for precisely measuring OFs in small fields down to 1 × 1 cm2. It is recommended to consider the effect of positional uncertainties for field sizes <2 × 2 cm2.
Self‐Powered Integrated Tactile Sensing System Based on Ultrastretchable, Self‐Healing and 3D Printable Ionic Conductive Hydrogel
Authors: Mogli Giorgio , Reina Marco , Chiappone Annalisa , Lamberti Andrea , Pirri Candido Fabrizio , Roppolo Ignazio , Stassi Stefano 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSelf‐healing ionic conductive hydrogels have shown significant potential in applications like wearable electronics, soft robotics, and prosthetics because of their high strain sensitivity and mechanical and electrical recovery after damage. Despite the enormous interest in these materials, conventional fabrication techniques hamper their use in advanced devices since only limited geometries can be obtained, preventing proper conformability to the complexity of human or robotic bodies. Here, a photocurable hydrogel with excellent sensitivity to mechanical deformations based on a semi‐interpenetrating polymeric network is reported, which holds remarkable mechanical properties (ultimate tensile strain of 550%) and spontaneous self‐healing capabilities, with complete recovery of its strain sensitivity after damages. Furthermore, the developed material can be processed by digital light processing 3D printing technology to fabricate complex‐shaped strain sensors, increasing mechanical stress sensitivity with respect to simple sensor geometries, reaching an exceptional pressure detection limit below 1 Pa. Additionally, the hydrogel is used as an electrolyte in the fabrication of a laser‐induced graphene‐based supercapacitor, then incorporated into a 3D‐printed sensor to create a self‐powered, fully integrated device. These findings demonstrate that by using 3D printing, it is possible to produce multifunctional, self‐powered sensors, appropriately shaped depending on the various applications, without the use of bulky batteries.
Extrudable Covalently Cross‐Linked Thio‐Urethane Liquid Crystalline Elastomers
Authors: Saed Mohand O. , Gablier Alexandra , Terentjev Eugene M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLiquid crystalline elastomer networks cross‐linked by dynamic covalent bonds (xLCEs) possess the remarkable capability of being (re)processed during plastic flow at high temperatures, while also allowing for the (re)programming of their local alignment. However, the current generation of xLCEs cannot be extruded directly into filaments or injection‐molded into shapes capable of actuation. Here, a novel poly(thio‐urethane) (PTU) LCE thermoset is presented. The inclusion of dibutyltin dilaurate as a catalyst enables the manipulation of the elastic–plastic transition through two distinct pathways. The dissociative equilibrium exchange between the thio‐urethane linkage to form separate thiol and isocyanate competes with the associative exchange of thio‐urethane and a free isocyanate or thiol groups. The temperature of fast plastic flow onset is ≈160 ˚C, and the associated bond‐exchange activation energy is ≈54 kJ mol−1. The hydrogen bonding below the elastic‐plastic transition makes the elastomer robust and extremely ductile with a failure strain exceeding 600% and a Shore hardness A of 72, preventing any creep during cyclic thermal actuation. The versatility of this dynamically cross‐linked elastomer is successfully demonstrated by extruding it using a commercial twin‐screw extruder, injection molding it into required shapes, and hot‐pressing it into flat films or shapes.