bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual dimorphism in cortical theta rhythms relates to elevated internalizing symptoms during adolescence
Authors: Petro Nathan M. , Picci Giorgia , Ott Lauren R. , Rempe Maggie P. , Embury Christine M. , Penhale Samantha H. , Wang Yu-Ping , Stephen Julia M. , Calhoun Vince D. , Taylor Brittany K. , Wilson Tony W. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Psychiatric disorders frequently emerge during adolescence, with girls at nearly twice the risk compared to boys. These sex differences have been linked to structural brain differences in association regions, which undergo profound development during childhood and adolescence. However, the relationship between functional activity in these cortical regions and the emergence of psychiatric disorders more broadly remains poorly understood. Herein, we investigated whether differences in internalizing and externalizing symptoms among youth are related to multispectral spontaneous neural activity. Spontaneous cortical activity was recorded using magnetoencephalography (MEG) in 105 typically-developing youth (9-15 years-old; 54 female) during eyes-closed rest. The strength of spontaneous neural activity within canonical frequency bands was estimated at each cortical vertex. The resulting functional maps were submitted to vertex-wise regressions to identify spatially specific effects whereby sex moderated the relationship between externalizing and internalizing symptoms, age, and spontaneous neural activity. The interaction between sex, age, and internalizing symptoms was significant in the theta frequency band, wherein theta activity was weaker for older relative to younger girls (but not boys) with greater internalizing symptoms. This relationship was strongest in the temporoparietal junction, with areas of the cingulate cortex exhibiting a similar relationship. The moderating role of sex in the relationship between age, internalizing symptoms, and spontaneous theta activity predominantly implicated association cortices. The negative relationship between theta and internalizing symptoms may reflect negative rumination with anxiety and depression. The specificity of this effect to older girls may reflect the selective emergence of psychiatric symptoms during adolescence in this subgroup.
Aesthetic In-Access: Notes from the CripTech Metaverse Lab
Authors: Mondelli Frank , Justice Jennifer 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Metaverse technologies, such as spatial audio, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR), present new possibilities for disabled artists. To explore how artists use metaverse technologies—as well as the frictions that inhibit access—the authors describe the events of CripTech Metaverse Lab, which invited a cohort of disabled artists to a three-day workshop featuring metaverse experiences and a speculative design lab. Observing how participants creatively navigated these encounters, the authors introduce “aesthetic in-access” as a shared praxis developed by disabled users that transforms barriers to access into artistic expression. In doing so, the authors outline a metaverse future that centers disabled people’s expression and joy.
Culture and the Illusion of Self-Evidence: Spiritual Beliefs in the Ongwen Trial
Authors: Nistor Adina-Loredana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
By definition, criminal trials are set to determine the guilt or innocence of the accused. In this process, judges are tasked with assessing not only evidence that presents itself in quantifiable forms, but also as personal experiences. In the case of Dominic Ongwen, a former child soldier and commander of the Lord’s Resistance Army (lra), the issue of spiritualism played a significant role, particularly in relation to the affirmative defences of mental incapacity and duress. Assessing such culturally charged evidence, inherently interconnected to local beliefs, through the lens of an international criminal law trial raises a number of challenges. In the construction of the legal truth, such immaterial evidence undergoes a process through which only certain elements, which are deemed relevant in light of specific arguments, are ultimately selected, filtered through the legal framework, contested by the parties and ultimately decided upon by the judges. Spiritual beliefs therefore become patterns, and patterns become certainties. Based on an in-depth analysis of 408 trial transcripts, along with main submissions and decisions, this article sheds light into how framing spiritualism according to the criteria laid out in the Rome Statute has played out in the trial of Dominic Ongwen. It maps the way in which cultural concepts related to spirituality have been introduced into the trial, by which parties and for what purpose. It also looks at how the system of spiritual powers guiding the lra and its fighters was assessed by the judges and potentially why.
The Egyptian Supreme Constitutional Court on the Abolition of Public Interest Litigation, Decision of 14 January 2023 in the Constitutional Challenge 120/36
Authors: Bälz Kilian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In a decision of 14 January 2023, the Egyptian Supreme Constitutional Court confirmed the constitutionality of Decree-Law 32/2014 abolishing public interest litigation. Public interest litigation in the past was an important political means permitting NGOs to submit the privatization of public enterprises and the allocation of state land to judicial scrutiny. The long-awaited decision conforms to a tendency of limiting judicial control in the interest of economic stability, hereby giving state-lead economic development the priority over citizens’ rights and participation.
Why Does Japan’s South Foehn, “Jintsu-Oroshi,” Tend to Onset during the Night?: An Investigation Based on Two Case Studies
Authors: Kusaka Hiroyuki , Nishiba Satoshi , Asano Yuki 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Jintsu-oroshi refers to Japan’s south foehn, which blows over the Toyama Plain in the Hokuriku region. This region faces the Sea of Japan to the north and the central mountain range to the south. The Jintsu-oroshi occurs more frequently at night than during the day. In this study, we determined the primary factors causing this feature using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. We selected a typical Jintsu-oroshi case in May 2016 for analysis. An extratropical cyclone traversed the Sea of Japan during the event, leading to a temporal change in the synoptic-scale pressure pattern. The observations and numerical simulation results showed that the collapse of the mixed layer over the mountains and the end of the sea breeze are key factors for the nighttime onset of the Jintsu-oroshi. Indeed, mountain waves and their resulting downslope winds did not occur under near-neutral atmospheric stability conditions over the mountains during the daytime. After sunset, the atmospheric stability changed to stable conditions, which caused the downslope winds to blow. However, the downslope winds did not reach the plains because of the sea breeze. After several hours, the sea breeze disappeared, and the downslope winds reached the leeward plains and increased the temperature there. Similar features were confirmed in August 2013 for another typical Jintsu-oroshi case under atmospheric conditions, without temporal changes in the synoptic-scale pressure pattern. We expect the results obtained in this study to advance our understanding of foehn occurrence in regions where mountains adjoin seas, similar to the coastal areas adjacent to the Sea of Japan.

Significance Statement
The Jintsu-oroshi refers to Japan’s south foehn, which blows over the Toyama Plain in the Hokuriku region. This foehn occurs more frequently at night than during the day. Strong foehns enhance the risk of fire. Nocturnal high temperatures due to foehns can cause sleeplessness in people. Nighttime foehns cause damage to paddy rice. Analyses of observations and numerical simulations for the two typical cases showed that Jintsu-oroshi did not tend to occur during the daytime because the development of a convective boundary layer over the mountains and sea breezes in the leeward plain inhibited the occurrence of the downslope winds. We expect the results obtained in this study to advance our understanding of foehn occurrence in regions where mountains adjoin seas, similar to the coastal areas adjacent to the Sea of Japan.
Late-Winter and Springtime Temperature Variations throughout New Jersey in a Warming Climate
Authors: Garner Andra J. , Duran Daniel P. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Large temperature variations in a temperate climate, particularly in late winter and early spring, can be disruptive for native ecosystems and agricultural crops. As warmer temperatures occur earlier in the year in midlatitude regions as a result of anthropogenic climate change, springtime temperatures may become less consistent, leading to potential damage to species and crops that are vulnerable to the return of historically cooler temperatures, including late-spring frosts, after an initial warm-up. In this work, we quantify shifting patterns in late-winter and springtime temperature variations at eight sites across New Jersey from 1950 to 2019. Many sites located along the coast or in the coastal plain experience increases in the number of times the temperature climbs above 15.5°C (60°F) and then falls below freezing (i.e.,0°C, or 32°F). Sites in southern New Jersey (where much of the state’s agriculture is located) experience the most significant (P < 0.05) increases in large springtime temperature variations. Across all sites, there is a general increase in both the percentage and magnitude of temperature variations that occur as early as February. At 75% of sites, day-to-day variation in daily maximum temperature has increased from the 1950s through 2019; day-to-day variation in daily minimum temperatures has increased over the same time at more than half of sites considered. These amplifications in extreme temperature variations indicate the need for both mitigation and adaptation strategies to protect vulnerable crops and ecosystems in the region during this critical time of the year.

Significance Statement
Human-caused climate change has made it more likely for warmer temperatures to occur earlier in the year, causing many locations to experience late-winter and early-springtime temperatures that are less consistent than they may have been in the past. These variations can be highly problematic for both vital agricultural crops and critical ecosystems. Here, we evaluate how late-winter and early-springtime temperatures have changed throughout New Jersey (home to a variety of agriculture and unique ecosystems) from the mid-twentieth century until 2019. We find critical changes to temperature patterns during late winter and early spring, including larger and more frequent temperature swings (particularly in February) and increased day-to-day variation in high and low temperatures.
Enforcing Water Balance in Multitask Deep Learning Models for Hydrological Forecasting
Authors: Li Lu , Dai Yongjiu , Wei Zhongwang , Shangguan Wei , Zhang Yonggen , Wei Nan , Li Qingliang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Accurate prediction of hydrological variables (HVs) is critical for understanding hydrological processes. Deep learning (DL) models have shown excellent forecasting abilities for different HVs. However, most DL models typically predicted HVs independently, without satisfying the principle of water balance. This missed the interactions between different HVs in the hydrological system and the underlying physical rules. In this study, we developed a DL model based on multitask learning and hybrid physically constrained schemes to simultaneously forecast soil moisture, evapotranspiration, and runoff. The models were trained using ERA5-Land data, which have water budget closure. We thoroughly assessed the advantages of the multitask framework and the proposed constrained schemes. Results showed that multitask models with different loss-weighted strategies produced comparable or better performance compared to the single-task model. The multitask model with a scaling factor of 5 achieved the best among all multitask models and performed better than the single-task model over 70.5% of grids. In addition, the hybrid constrained scheme took advantage of both soft and hard constrained models, providing physically consistent predictions with better model performance. The hybrid constrained models performed the best among different constrained models in terms of both general and extreme performance. Moreover, the hybrid model was affected the least as the training data were artificially reduced, and provided better spatiotemporal extrapolation ability under different artificial prediction challenges. These findings suggest that the hybrid model provides better performance compared to previously reported constrained models when facing limited training data and extrapolation challenges.
Analysis of Drought Characteristics and Causes in Yunnan Province in the Last 60 Years (1961–2020)
Authors: Lan Tianqing , Yan Xiaodong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Droughts are becoming more frequent and severe in southwest China, with Yunnan being the most affected region. Most of the current studies on droughts in Yunnan are limited to individual cases and lack a common determination of the causes of historical drought events. In this study, we analyzed drought characteristics and causes over the last 60 years (1961–2020) in Yunnan Province in two seasons: dry and rainy. There was a clear trend of aridity in Yunnan Province in terms of both temporal and spatial changes, and there was a long-term drought period in approximately 2010; in particular, the frequency of drought in the dry season significantly increased. Due to its unique geographical location, precipitation in Yunnan Province is influenced by various factors, and the main influencing factors differed in different periods. SST variation is the most important factor affecting Yunnan drought. Precipitation in Yunnan Province is affected by the warm pool of the Indian Ocean throughout the year, and thermal anomalies in different locations of the Pacific Ocean have different effects on Yunnan Province and often overlap with the effects of SST anomalies in the Indian Ocean.

Significance Statement
In this study, we analyzed drought characteristics and causes over the last 60 years (1961–2020) in Yunnan Province in two seasons: dry and rainy. The causes of historical drought events in Yunnan Province in terms of common characteristics were determined, and SST variation was the most influential factor, with the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean having the greatest influence. Increased temperature may be a more important cause of dry season drought in Yunnan Province, while drought in the rainy season is mainly due to reduced water vapor transport. These results point the way toward better understanding of the occurrence of drought in Yunnan Province.
Development Policies and Subjective Economic Wellbeing: Evidence From India
Authors: Kumar Shubham , Sengupta Keya , Gogoi Bidyut Jyoti 
Published: December 2023

In recent years, there has been a significant expansion in India’s development policy discourse accompanied by rights-based approach, grassroots transformation and socio-economic change. Consequently, impact evaluation has become central to development interventions. However, the evaluation of subjective measures within development policy discourse remains under-studied. The purpose of this article is to examine the impact of development policies on subjective economic wellbeing (SEWB) in India. Utilising household data from India human development survey and applying ordered probit regression, we test medium-term impact of development policies on SEWB. The findings show that while development policy does have significant impact in driving SEWB, interaction among development policies also curates interesting perspectives. Moreover, evidence suggests that relative social and economic considerations are significant in driving SEWB. The article attempts to combine insights from the development discourse and an empirical approach to go beyond a critique and draw emphasis on SEWB in an emerging economy context. JEL Codes: O11, O53, R28
Distinct MRI characteristics of spinal cord diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered in comparison to spinal cord glioma without H3 K27-alteration and demyelination disorder
Authors: Ying Yinwei , Liu Xiujuan , Li Xuanxuan , Mei Nan , Ruan Zhuoying , Lu Yiping , Yin Bo 
Published: December 2023

Background An applicable magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarker for diffuse midline glioma (DMG), H3 K27-altered of the spinal cord is important for non-invasive diagnosis. Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of conventional MRI (cMRI) in distinguishing between DMGs, H3 K27-altered, gliomas without H3 K27-alteration, and demyelinating lesions in the spinal cord. Material and Methods Between January 2017 and February 2023, patients with pathology-confirmed spinal cord gliomas (including ependymomas) with definite H3 K27 status and demyelinating diseases diagnosed by recognized criteria were recruited as the training set for this retrospective study. Morphologic parameter assessment was performed by two neuroradiologists on T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging. Variables with high inter- and intra-observer agreement were included in univariable correlation analysis and multivariable logistic regression. The performance of the final model was verified by internal and external testing sets. Results The training cohort included 21 patients with DMGs (13 men; mean age = 34.57 ± 13.489 years), 21 with wild-type gliomas (10 men; mean age = 46.76 ± 17.017 years), and 20 with demyelinating diseases (5 men; mean age = 49.50 ± 18.872 years). A significant difference was observed in MRI features, including cyst(s), hemorrhage, pial thickening with enhancement, and the maximum anteroposterior diameter of the spinal cord. The prediction model, integrating age, age2, and morphological characteristics, demonstrated good performance in the internal and external testing cohort (accuracy: 0.810 and 0.800, specificity: 0.810 and 0.720, sensitivity: 0.872 and 0.849, respectively). Conclusion Based on cMRI, we developed a model with good performance for differentiating among DMGs, H3 K27-altered, wild-type glioma, and demyelinating lesions in the spinal cord.
Relationship between number of daily exchanges at CAPD start with clinical outcomes
Authors: Nardelli Luca , Scalamogna Antonio , Cicero Elisa , Tripodi Federica , Vettoretti Simone , Alfieri Carlo , Castellano Giuseppe 
Published: December 2023

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) continues to be demanding for patients affected by kidney failure. In kidney failure patients with residual kidney function, the employment of incremental PD, a less onerous dialytic prescription, could translate into a decrease burden on both health systems and patients. Methods: Between 1st January 2009 and 31st December 2021, 182 patients who started continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) at our institution were included in the study. The CAPD population was divided into three groups according to the initial number of daily CAPD exchanges prescribed: one or two (50 patients, CAPD-1/2 group), three (97 patients, CAPD-3 group) and four (35 patients, CAPD-4 group), respectively. Results: Multivariate analysis showed a difference in term of peritonitis free survival in CAPD-1/2 in comparison to CAPD-3 (hazard ratio (HR): 2.20, p = 0.014) and CAPD-4 (HR: 2.98, p < 0.01). A tendency towards a lower hospitalisation rate (CAPD-3 and CAPD-4 vs. CAPD-1/2, p = 0.11 and 0.13, respectively) and decreased mortality (CAPD-3 and CAPD-4 vs. CAPD-1/2, p = 0.13 and 0.22, respectively) in patients who started PD with less than three daily exchanges was detected. No discrepancy of the difference of the mean values between baseline and 24 months residual kidney function was observed among the three groups ( p = 0.33). Conclusions: One- or two-exchange CAPD start was associated with a lower risk of peritonitis in comparison to three- or four-exchange start. Furthermore, an initial PD prescription with less than three exchanges may be associated with an advantage in term of hospitalisation rate and patient survival.
Evaluation of Scorpion Stings in Children
Authors: Parlak Mehmet Emin , Öz Erdoğan , Küçükkelepçe Osman 
Published: December 2023

Introduction Scorpion stings are a significant public health problem in many parts of the world. Children are at a higher risk of developing severe complications from scorpion envenoming, including cardiac, respiratory, and neurologic complications. In Turkey, members of the Buthidae family are the most common culprits in severe envenoming events. Methods This retrospective-descriptive study was conducted in Turkey. Children aged 0 to 18 y admitted to the emergency department of Kahta State Hospital between December 2017 and December 2020 were included in the study. Patient information was reviewed, and 78 patients with complete demographic, laboratory, and clinical data were included in the study. Results Out of the 78 patients, 24.4% were six years old or younger while the 75.6% were older than six years. Alpha blocker was given to 12.8% of the patients, and antivenom was given to 43.6% of the patients. Of the 78 patients, 71.8% were followed up in the emergency department, 21.8% were followed up in the inpatient unit, and 6.4% were followed up in the intensive care unit. Two patients (2.6%) died within 1 month. There was a significant difference regarding lactate dehydrogenase value according to the sting site ( P=0.014). Lactate dehydrogenase values of patients stung on the head and neck and upper extremity were higher than those of patients bitten on lower extremities. Conclusions Elevated levels of specific laboratory parameters, such as leukocytes, aspartate transaminase, and lactate dehydrogenase, are linked to worse outcomes. Additionally, stings on the head, neck, and upper extremities are more strongly associated with severity. These findings guide tailored treatment strategies for scorpion stings, with the potential for further refinement through broader studies across diverse regions and populations.
The Pulsating Stent Sign in May-Thurner Syndrome
Authors: Attaran Robert R. , Jamil Yasser 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: To report a case of a patient with May-Thurner syndrome who underwent endovenous stenting and was found to have pulsating arterial compression on the venous stent. Report: A 74-year-old man presented with 18 months of progressive right thigh and calf edema. After an extensive work-up, the patient underwent a venogram with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), revealing compression of the right iliac vein by the external iliac artery and psoas muscle. Following stent deployment, fluoroscopy revealed extrinsic compression by an artery, but IVUS confirmed sufficient stent expansion. On follow-up, there was a significant resolution of right limb edema, and adjacent arterial pulsation/compression was deemed non-significant. Conclusion: The choice of venous stents is essential to prevent collapse from extrinsic compression, such as that from an adjacent artery. Clinical Impact Carefully choosing venous stents is essential to ensure stent patency in the face of external compression.