bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-frequency acoustic edge modes based on a triangular maze
Authors: Liang Xiao , Luo Jiangxia , Chu Jiaming , Liang Haofeng , Meng Daxiang , Zhang Zhi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
For several years, acoustic topological insulators have received attention due to their unique ability to manipulate acoustic waves. However, acoustic wave manipulation due to acoustic topological insulators is based on Bragg scattering. This results in the wavelength being bounded by the lattice constant. In this paper, a new ultra-low frequency acoustic topological insulator structure is proposed using the labyrinth model in acoustic metamaterials. With a lattice constant of a0 = 60 mm, the unidirectional transmission frequency possessing a topologically protected edge state can be reduced to 684 Hz. This frequency is much lower than that of other structures with equal lattice constants. The length of the resonant cavity can be greatly increased by utilizing a triangular labyrinth structure at the symmetric position. Subwavelength Dirac cones can be constructed in the energy band structure by utilizing the local resonance effect. Topological phase transitions characterized by opposite valley Chern numbers can be achieved by changing the rotation angle of the scatterer. The results of simulations verify the existence of a topology-protected unidirectional transmission edge state on topological boundaries. The research in this paper provides a efficient structure for controlling low-frequency acoustic waves.
A/B-sites disorder-induced relaxor phase transition and inhibit the grain size of BaTiO3 ceramic to enhance energy storage properties
Authors: Babeer Afaf M , Mahmoud Abd El-Razek , Ezzeldien Mohammed 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The present study introduces a strategy for improving the energy storage performance (ESPs) and enhancing the dielectric breakdown strength (DBSs) of BaTiO3 (BT) via breaking the domain structure caused by A/B –sites cations disorder. Lead-free [(Ba0.85Bi0.06Mg0.06)(Ti1−xZrx)O3] (abbreviate BT-BMZ) (x = 0.0, 0.025, 0.05, and 0.075) ceramics were used in this study. The substitution of isovalent (Ba2+) by trivalent (Bi3+) in the A-site of BT lattice induced charge misfit and cations disorder. It was balanced by creating barium ion vacancies in the A-site. Replacing Ti4+ with Zr4+ at the B-site of the lattice reduces the tolerance factor (τ), enhances the degree of relaxor phase, and subsequently enhances the DBSs values due to the larger ionic radius of (Zr4+ = 0.72 Å, CN = 6) compared to (Ti4+ = 0.6 Å, CN = 6). Furthermore, the maximum difference polarization (ΔP = Pmax—Pr) is enhanced by the hybridization between Bi3+ 6 P and O2− 2 P instead of Ba2+ 5d and O2− 2 P. [(Ba0.85Bi0.06Mg0.06)(Ti0.95Zr0.05)O3] (BT-BMZ0.05) ceramic (BT-BMZ0.05) exhibit highest recoverable energy storage density (Wrec ∼ 8 J cm−3), energy storage efficiency (η = 86%) and (Eb ∼ 700 kV cm−1). Furthermore, the samples showed wide range stability in the temperature range (25 °C–150 °C ) and the frequency range (2–20 Hz). BT-BMZ0.05 ceramic has significant potential as a viable alternative dielectric for advanced pulsed power capacitors.
Generation of optical cage arrays with tunable dark regions based on magneto-electric dipole antennas
Authors: Xie Zhixiong , Yu Yanzhong , Zeng Yongxi , Chen Musheng , Zhan Qiwen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Optical cages have recently received extensive research and attention due to their potential applications in optical cloaking, microscopic imaging, and trapping particles or atoms. However, the creation of a controllable spatial multi-optical cage array with tunable dark regions comes with a great challenge, which limits the effectiveness of the above applications. To this end, we analyze the radiation pattern of a reverse-focused magneto-electric dipole antenna in a 4Pi optical focusing system. It has been found that three-dimensional (3D) optical cages with different dark regions can be produced by using magneto-electric dipoles with different combination coefficients K. Numerical results indicate that the value of K can be employed to adjust the shapes and sizes of the dark regions, and specifically, when K equals 0.8209, it allows the realization of a perfectly spherical dark region with null central intensity and minimal volume. Furthermore, it is possible to flexibly create spatial multi-optical cage arrays with specified orientations, adjustable numbers, and controllable positions by constructing spatial antenna arrays according to practical requirements. This work may enhance its ability to meet the distinct requirements for optical cages across diverse fields and catalyze the advancement of multi-particle optical trapping and manipulation.
Impact of uniaxial strain on physical properties of zigzag graphene nanoribbons with topological defects
Authors: Wang Su-Fang , Liang Jing , Wang Cheng-Yue , Chen Li-Yong , Xie You , Zhang Jian-Min 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The synergistic regulation mechanism of uniaxial strain, topological defects, edge passivation atom and nanoribbon width on the geometric and electronic structures of zigzag graphene nanoribbons have been studied systematically by first-principles. It is found that the average formation energy and strain energy of X-N
1
N
2-LD-ZGNR (X = H, F and O, as well as, N
1 = N
2 = 3, 4 and 5) increase with the increase of uniaxial strain, and this relationship is also dependent of edge passivation atom species and nanoribbon width. And the edge of 55-LD-ZGNR passivating with O and F atoms is more beneficial than H atom for system stability. The stress–strain curve shows that the limiting strain of zigzag graphene nanoribbon depends on edge passivation atom species and nanoribbon width. The Young’s modulus in the case of ε > 3% and Poisson’s ratio except O-33-LD-ZGNR at ε = 1% of X-N
1
N
2-LD-ZGNR decrease with the increase of the tensile strain, and is dependent of nanoribbon width and edge atom species. And O-55-LD-ZGNR is easier than F-55-LD-ZGNR and H-55-LD-ZGNR to be stretched or compressed. The magnetism is induced in both H-55-LD-ZGNR and F-55-LD-ZGNR, and remains with the increases of uniaxial tension strain. What is more, magnetic property of O-55-LD-ZGNR can be regulated by applying uniaxial strain, and the band gap of the O-N
1
N
2-LD-ZGNR (N
1 = N
2 = 3, 4 and 5) system can be regulated by adjusting the uniaxial tensile strain and nanoribbon width. Our research provides a new method to open the graphene band gap, which can provide some new theoretical guidance for the application of graphene in electronic devices and other fields. The band gap of the O-LD-ZGNDR system is opened as the uniaxial tensile strain increases.
Towards experimental classical verification of quantum computation
Authors: Stricker Roman , Carrasco Jose , Ringbauer Martin , Postler Lukas , Meth Michael , Edmunds Claire , Schindler Philipp , Blatt Rainer , Zoller Peter , Kraus Barbara , Monz Thomas 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With today’s quantum processors venturing into regimes beyond the capabilities of classical devices, we face the challenge to verify that these devices perform as intended, even when we cannot check their results on classical computers. In a recent breakthrough in computer science, a protocol was developed that allows the verification of the output of a computation performed by an untrusted quantum device based only on classical resources. Here, we follow these ideas, and demonstrate in a first, proof-of-principle experiment the verification of the output of a quantum computation using only classical means on a small trapped-ion quantum processor. We contrast this to verification protocols, which require trust and detailed hardware knowledge, as in gate-level benchmarking, or additional quantum resources in case we do not have access to or trust in the device to be tested. While our experimental demonstration uses a simplified version of Mahadev’s protocol we demonstrate the necessary steps for verifying fully untrusted devices. A scaled-up version of our protocol will allow for classical verification, requiring no hardware access or detailed knowledge of the tested device. Its security relies on post–quantum secure trapdoor functions within an interactive proof. The conceptually straightforward, but technologically challenging scaled-up version of the interactive proofs, considered here, can be used for a variety of additional tasks such as verifying quantum advantage, generating and certifying quantum randomness, or composable remote state preparation.
Electric or gasoline: a simple model to decide when buying a new vehicle
Authors: Ledesma-Alonso René , Becerra-Nuñez Guillermo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this work, a simple methodology to follow the behavior of motorized urban vehicles, from the point of view of personal finances, is presented. Including the acquisition of a new vehicle, the analysis considers the driving distance per week, the average speed, the time spent at rest due to traffic conditions, the evolution of gasoline and electric energy prices, maintenance and services, and local taxes. Herein, two low-range compact vehicles were chosen and compared: one powered by combustion of gasoline, and the other by electric energy stored in batteries. Historical data and trend projections, according to inflation and prices evolution, are taken into consideration. The developed model may help to select adequately a new vehicle, according to the user’s needs. A good choice depends strongly on the usage and traffic conditions, the electric vehicle being suitable for large weekly driving distances and heavy traffic, whereas the gasoline vehicle is preferred for short distances and light traffic. The expenses of the vehicles are compared through time, with different scenarios envisaged according to the user’s resolution to keep the vehicle for the entire lifespan or to sell it quickly.
A Structured Approach for Treating Calcium Hydroxylapatite Focal Accumulations
Authors: McCarthy Alec D , van Loghem Jani , Martinez Keith A , Aguilera Shino Bay , Funt David 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Radiesse, a widely utilized calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) dermal filler, has shown effectiveness in soft tissue augmentation and regeneration. As with all dermal fillers, the potential for nodules may arise. Understanding the pathogenesis of these nodules and exploring effective treatment methodologies are crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.

Objectives
A literature search was carried out to identify published literature documenting reversal of CaHA nodules. After identification, a consensus panel developed a structured approach, denoted by levels, for applying such reversal methods.

Methods
This concise review presents an algorithmic approach to addressing CaHA focal accumulations (noninflammatory nodules) based on invasiveness, cost, and potential risks based on published literature.

Results
Level 0 involves no intervention, relying on natural degradation for asymptomatic nodules. Level 1 interventions utilize mechanical dispersion techniques, including massage and in situ dispersion, which have demonstrated high success rates, cost effectiveness, and minimal invasiveness. Level 2 introduces alternative modalities such as pharmacological treatments with 5-fluorouracil and corticosteroids, lasers, and experimental approaches. Level 3 represents last-resort options, including calcium-chelating agents, manual removal, and surgical excision.

Conclusions
The article offers a structured approach to managing CaHA focal accumulations.

Level of Evidence: 4
scSemiGCN: boosting cell-type annotation from noise-resistant graph neural networks with extremely limited supervision
Authors: Yang Jue , Wang Weiwen , Zhang Xiwen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Cell-type annotation is fundamental in revealing cell heterogeneity for single-cell data analysis. Although a host of works have been developed, the low signal-to-noise-ratio single-cell RNA-sequencing data that suffers from batch effects and dropout still poses obstacles in discovering grouped patterns for cell types by unsupervised learning and its alternative–semi-supervised learning that utilizes a few labeled cells as guidance for cell-type annotation.

Results
We propose a robust cell-type annotation method scSemiGCN based on graph convolutional networks. Built upon a denoised network structure that characterizes reliable cell-to-cell connections, scSemiGCN generates pseudo labels for unannotated cells. Then supervised contrastive learning follows to refine the noisy single-cell data. Finally, message passing with the refined features over the denoised network structure is conducted for semi-supervised cell-type annotation. Comparison over several datasets with six methods under extremely limited supervision validates the effectiveness and efficiency of scSemiGCN for cell-type annotation.

Availability and implementation
Implementation of scSemiGCN is available at https://github.com/Jane9898/scSemiGCN.
New Technologies and the Future Governance of Bank Run Risk
Authors: Krogstrup Signe , Sangill Thomas 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
The banking turmoil in March 2023 and the associated public interventions to prevent or reduce the risk of a systemic fallout underscore the fact that despite banking systems being in a much better shape in many countries relative to the position prior to the global financial crisis, some bank run risk remains. In fact, bank run risk may be increasing. As fintech and new technologies transform banking, uninsured deposits may become near-perfectly mobile, making bank runs all but inevitable if the governance of the financial system is not appropriately adapted. In this article we discuss how digitalization and new technologies can affect bank run risk and we look at approaches to adapting governance to containing related systemic vulnerabilities in the banking system. We also briefly consider how central bank digital currencies could fit into future frameworks. We conclude that there is no silver bullet, but that adjusting frameworks will become necessary if bank deposit mobility increases.
Tracking and classification performances in the bio-inspired asymmetric and symmetric networks
Authors: Ishii Naohiro , Iwata Kazunori , Matsuo Tokuro 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Machine learning, deep learning and neural networks are extensively applied for the development of many fields. Though their technologies are improved greatly, they are often said to be opaque in terms of explainability. Their explainable neural functions will be essential to realization in the networks. In this paper, it is shown that the bio-inspired networks are useful for the explanation of tracking and classification of features. First, the asymmetric network with nonlinear functions is created based on the bio-inspired retinal network. They have orthogonal properties useful for the tracking of features compared with the conventional symmetric networks, which is also proposed on the biological functions.
Next, the analysis for the independence of the subspaces between the Fourier bases and the asymmetric network bases is performed. It was that the asymmetric networks have better performances in the classification compared with the symmetric ones. Further, the layered asymmetric networks generate the higher dimensional orthogonal bases that improve the classification accuracies by the replacements of bases. Finally, we classified Reuters collections data applying the explainable processing steps, which consist of the linear discriminations and the sparse coding with nearest neighbor relation for classification.
Food bioactive peptides: functionality beyond bitterness
Authors: Tagliamonte Silvia , Oliviero Veronica , Vitaglione Paola 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Bitter taste is an aversive taste because it is unconsciously associated with toxic compounds. However, a considerable variability in bitter sensitivity exists in those who have the genetic polymorphism for bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs). Besides the oral cavity, TAS2Rs are present in many body tissues, including the gastrointestinal tract; therefore, they are crucial players both in the gustatory/hedonic system and in the homeostatic system, triggering numerous biological responses, including adipogenesis, carcinogenesis, or immunity. Bitter-tasting compounds are widely distributed in plant and animal foods and belong to many chemical classes. In this study, the evidence was reviewed on bitter peptides, considering the food sources, their formation in food under different processing and storage conditions and in the gastrointestinal tract during digestion, as well as their biological activities. Bitterness associated with peptides is due to the presence of hydrophobic amino acids in the C-terminus. The current literature mainly explores the enzymes and hydrolysis conditions, with the aim of reducing the formation of bitter peptides in hydrolysate preparation or food. Few studies highlight the bioactivity (namely, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, antioxidant, or immunity boosting), besides the bitterness. However, encapsulation of bitter peptides has been tentatively used to develop antihypertensive and antidiabetic supplements. In the era of personalized nutrition and precision medicine, the evidence available suggests the opportunity to use bitter bioactive peptides as functional ingredients in food. Such types of food may modulate a plethora of physiological mechanisms by targeting TAS2Rs in the gastrointestinal tract, thus modulating appetite sensations or gastrointestinal motility and discomfort according to individual nutritional needs and goals. More studies are needed to optimize the technological strategies to target TAS2Rs by bitter bioactive peptides, improve their stability in food, and validate the biological efficacy through well-designed in vivo studies.
HDAC2 counteracts vascular calcification by activating autophagy in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Zhou Guangyu , Liu Pai , Zhang Chen , Huang Qun , Zhao Zixia , Wu Si , Li Detian , Liu Hongbo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVascular calcification is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease mortality, with a significant prevalence in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Pharmacological inhibition of histone acetyltransferase has been proven to protect against from vascular calcification. However, the role of Histone Deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and molecular mechanisms in vascular calcification of CKD remains unknown. An in vivo model of CKD was established using mouse fed with a high adenine and phosphate diet, and an in vitro model was produced using human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated with β‐glycerophosphate (β‐GP). HDAC2 expression was found to be reduced in medial artery of CKD mice and β‐GP‐induced VSMCs. Overexpression of HDAC2 attenuated OPN and OCN upregulation, α‐SMA and SM22α downregulation, and calcium deposition in aortas of CKD. The in vitro results also demonstrated that β‐GP‐induced osteogenic differentiation was inhibited by HDAC2. Furthermore, we found that HDAC2 overexpression caused an increase in LC3II/I, a decrease in p62, and an induction of autophagic flux. Inhibition of autophagy using its specific inhibitor 3‐MA blocked HDAC2's protective effect on osteogenic differentiation in β‐GP‐treated VSMCs. Taken together, these results suggest that HDAC2 may protect against vascular calcification by the activation of autophagy, laying out a novel insight for the molecular mechanism in vascular calcification of CKD.
Case Series of Individuals Treated With Naltrexone During Pregnancy for Opioid and/or Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Wachman Elisha M. , Saia Kelley , Bressler Jonathan , Werler Martha , Carter Ginny , Jones Hendree E. 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveThere is a lack of knowledge about the relative safety and efficacy of naltrexone for the treatment of pregnant individuals with opioid and/or alcohol use disorder, including the range of outcomes, in both the pregnant individual and the infant, over the course of peripartum period. Our objective was to describe these outcomes in a cohort of pregnant individuals on naltrexone.MethodsIn this prospective case series, 7 pregnant individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) or alcohol use disorder (AUD) treated with naltrexone were followed from pregnancy through 12 months after delivery. Clinical treatment protocols and outcomes related to safety and efficacy during pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum period are described.ResultsThere were 4 pregnant individuals with OUD and 3 with AUD, of which 3 were managed with oral and 4 with extended-release naltrexone. The mean gestational age at study enrollment was 21.7 (SD, 12) weeks. Of the 7 participants, there was no return to nonprescribed opioid use and 2 who experienced a return to alcohol use over the course of the study. All individuals delivered vaginally at a mean of 37 weeks gestation without any peripartum pain difficulties. Five of the individuals (71.4%) remained on naltrexone 12 months after delivery. There were no reported fetal anomalies and one preterm delivery. None of the infants developed neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome.ConclusionsFor pregnant individuals with OUD or AUD treated with naltrexone, there were low rates of return to nonprescribed use and reassuring pregnant person and infant outcomes to 12 months postpartum.
Effect of Different Local Antibiotic Regimens on Prevention of Postoperative Infection in Clean Surgical Wounds: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Pan Hai Bang , Cui Yan , Wu Zhi Hang , Meng Ying , Wang Tian Ming , Fu Qi , Chen Qian , Chen Quan Xin , Wang Bo 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To compare the efficacy of several local antibiotic regimens in preventing surgical site infection (SSI) in clean surgical wounds.

DATA SOURCES
The authors searched CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), the VIP (VIP information resource integration service platform), Wanfang Data knowledge service platform (WANFANG), SinoMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed.

STUDY SELECTION
A total of 20 randomized controlled trials published between January 1, 2000 and April 1, 2021 were included in this meta-analysis.

DATA EXTRACTION
Authors extracted the name of the first author, publication date, country, type of surgery, follow-up time, mean age of participants, sample size of each group, interventions, outcome indicators, and study type from each article.

DATA SYNTHESIS
The overall effectiveness of eight local managements in reducing the incidence of the SSI effect were compared through the SUCRA (surface under the cumulative ranking curve) probabilities. The results of a network meta-analysis demonstrated that gentamicin ointment (odds ratio [OR], 0.16; 95% CI, 0.04–0.60), mupirocin ointment (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.21–0.94), and gentamicin soaking of the graft (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.44–0.91) significantly reduced the incidence of SSI compared with control. Further, vancomycin soaking of the graft (86.7%) ranked first, followed by gentamicin ointment (81.1%), gentamicin irrigation (79.9%), mupirocin ointment (56.8%), triple antibiotic ointment (47.8%), gentamicin soaking of the graft (42.3%), and vancomycin powder (22.1%); ampicillin powder (17.8%) was the least effective drug.

CONCLUSIONS
The findings indicate that local antibiotics combined with conventional antibiotics in the wound before wound closure are effective in reducing the incidence of SSI in clean surgical wounds. Vancomycin inoculation of the graft exhibited the best effect.