bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of oxytocin receptor gene variants in appetitive aggression: A study in a South African male sample
Authors: Lohrentz Catherine , Womersley Jacqueline S. , Swart Patricia C. , Sommer Jessica , Hinsberger Martina , Elbert Thomas , Weierstall Roland , Kaminer Debbie , Seedat Soraya , Hemmings Sian M. J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChronic exposure to trauma and violence can promote aggressive behavior. Oxytocin and variants in the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene may play a role in the etiology of proactive, that is, goal‐oriented instrumental aggression, or reactive aggression, which typically occurs in response to emotionally triggering situations. The current study builds on previous findings that experienced and witnessed trauma in childhood predicts higher levels of appetitive aggression, a form of proactive aggression characterized by the enjoyment of participating in violent behavior. The current study explores the role of OXTR rs2254298 and rs53576 variants in appetitive and reactive aggression. Adult males living in Cape Town, South Africa, and at risk for violent behavior completed the Appetitive Aggression Scale (AAS) and Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). OXTR rs2254298 and rs53576 were successfully genotyped via restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis in 238 and 239 participants, respectively. Regression analysis showed that rs2254298 G/G and A/G genotypes and the rs53576 A/G genotype were significantly associated with lower AAS scores (p < .001) compared to the A/A genotype. Additionally, genotype interaction analyses conducted in 232 participants, found that the combination of rs2254298 A/G and rs53576 G/G genotypes produced opposite effects on appetitive and reactive aggression. Specifically, this combination was associated with a 0.29‐point increase in AAS scores (p = .032) and a 0.13‐point decrease in BPAQ scores (p = .037) when compared to A‐allele homozygosity for both variants. These results suggest that genetic variation in a signaling system involved in influencing environmental and social salience may contribute to appetitive aggression.
Comparative Risk of Gout Flares When Initiating or Escalating Various Urate‐Lowering Therapy: A Systematic Review With Network Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Maher Dorsa , Reeve Emily , Hopkins Ashley , Tan Jiun Ming , Tantiongco Mahsa , Ailabouni Nagham , Woodman Richard , Stamp Lisa , Bursill David , Proudman Susanna , Wiese Michael 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveWe systematically examined comparative gout flare risk after initiation or escalation of different urate‐lowering therapies (ULTs), comparative flare risk with and without concomitant flare prophylaxis, adverse event rates associated with flare prophylaxis, and optimal duration of flare prophylaxis.MethodsWe searched the Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases and clinical trial registries from inception to November 2021 for trials investigating adults with gout initiating or escalating ULT. We performed random effects network meta‐analyses and calculated risk ratios (RRs) between treatments. Bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool.ResultsWe identified 3,775 records, of which 29 publications (27 trials) were included. When compared to placebo plus prophylaxis, the RR of flares ranged from 1.08 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.87–1.33) for febuxostat 40 mg plus prophylaxis to RR 2.65 [95% CI 1.58–4.45] for febuxostat 80 mg plus lesinurad 400 mg plus prophylaxis. Compared to ULT alone, the RR of flares was lower for ULT plus rilonacept 160 mg (RR 0.35 [95% CI 0.25–0.50]), ULT plus rilonacept 80 mg (RR 0.43 [95% CI 0.31–0.60]) and ULT plus colchicine (RR 0.50 [95% CI 0.35–0.72]). There was limited evidence for other flare prophylaxis and on prophylaxis harms and optimal duration. Primarily because of missing outcome data and bias in the selection of reported results, 71.4% and 63.4% of studies were assessed as high risk of bias for flares and adverse events, respectively.ConclusionThe RR of flares when introducing ULT varies depending on ULT drug and dosing strategies. There were limited data on ULT escalation. Flare prophylaxis with colchicine and rilonacept reduces flare incidence. More research is required on the harms and optimal duration of prophylaxis.
Interlayer Engineering of Layered Materials for Efficient Ion Separation and Storage
Authors: Yang Jinlin , Zhang Yu , Ge Yanzeng , Tang Si , Li Jing , Zhang Hui , Shi Xiaodong , Wang Zhitong , Tian Xinlong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLayered materials are characterized by strong in‐plane covalent chemical bonds within each atomic layer and weak out‐of‐plane van der Waals (vdW) interactions between adjacent layers. The non‐bonding nature between neighboring layers naturally results in a vdW gap, which enables the insertion of guest species into the interlayer gap. Rational design and regulation of interlayer nanochannels are crucial for converting these layered materials and their 2D derivatives into ion separation membranes or battery electrodes. Herein, based on the latest progress in layered materials and their derivative nanosheets, various interlayer engineering methods are briefly introduced, along with the effects of intercalated species on the crystal structure and interlayer coupling of the host layered materials. Their applications in the ion separation and energy storage fields are then summarized, with a focus on interlayer engineering to improve selective ion transport and ion storage performance. Finally, future research opportunities and challenges in this emerging field are comprehensively discussed.
Improving Charge Storage of Biaxially‐Oriented Polypropylene under Extreme Electric Fields by Excimer UV Irradiation
Authors: Huang Bangdou , Yu Jiachuan , Dong Jie , Zhou Ying , Zhai Lei , Dou Liguang , Wu Chao , Liang Xidong , Zhang Cheng , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) , Shao Tao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBiaxially‐oriented polypropylene (BOPP) is one of the most commonly used materials for film‐based capacitors for power electronics and pulsed power systems. To address the pressing issue of performance‐limiting loss under extreme electric‐fields, here a one‐step, high‐throughput, and environment‐friendly process based on very low‐dose ultra‐violet irradiation from KrCl (222 nm) and Xe2 (172 nm) excimer is demonstrated. The performance of commercial BOPP is boosted in terms of withstanding electric‐field extremes (Weibull breakdown strength 694 to 811 V µm−1 by 17% at 25 °C and 428 to 651 V µm−1 by 52% at 120 °C), discharged energy density, and conduction losses. Importantly, the depth profile of space charge is precisely measured in situ with a high resolution of 500 nm by laser induced pressure pulse. Consequently, the space charge effect and electric‐field distortion are reduced and related to the improved polymer films. It is demonstrated that energetic UV photons act as scissors for BOPP chains and dissociate oxygen molecules leading to the more thermally stable oxygen‐containing structures, as deep traps to impede charge migration. This work provides a promising approach to produce polymers with customized microscopic characteristics that is compatible with the assembly lines of polymer‐based capacitors.
High‐Performance Organic Phototransistors Based on Single‐Crystalline Microwire Arrays
Authors: Qiu Yuchen , Zhang Yu , Su Huixue , Li Xinyi , Wei Yanjie , Wu Yuchen , Dong Meiqiu , Wei Xiao , Gao Hanfei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHigh‐performance organic phototransistors (OPTs) have attracted considerable attention owing to their high photoresponse and low‐cost solution‐processing manufacturing. To meet the increasing demand for integrated optoelectronic circuits, organic single‐crystalline micro‐/nanowire arrays for OPTs construction are prominently anticipated. However, the manufacturing and patterning of organic single‐crystalline arrays have hit a bottleneck due to the uncontrollable dewetting dynamics. In this work, a capillary‐bridge lithography strategy is proposed to guide ordered nucleation and unidirectional dewetting of microfluid, thus enabling the large‐scale preparation of highly aligned organic single‐crystalline microwire arrays. Taking advantage of efficient carrier transport, a competitive average field‐effect hole mobility (μ) of 6.64 cm2 V−1 s−1 is obtained, and the high‐throughput one‐dimensional (1D) arrays based OPTs also exhibit excellent optoelectrical performance with photosensitivity (P) of 1.36 × 106, responsivity (R) of 3.18 × 104 A W−1, and specific detectivity (D*) of 9.22 × 1014 Jones. This work provides a guide for the designing and patterning of high‐throughput OPTs toward multifunctional integrated optoelectronics.
Direct Injection Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI‐MS) Analysis of Proteins with High Matrix Content:Utilizing Taylor–Aris Dispersion
Authors: Szabo Ruben , Nagy Cynthia , Gaspar Attila 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis is the first work demonstrating the utility of the Taylor–Aris (TA) dispersion in avoiding serious interference issues commonly occurring in the electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometric (ESI‐MS) determination of therapeutic protein pharmaceuticals undergoing no pre‐separation or sample purification. It was also pointed out that the TA dispersion conditions and its analytical utilization for proteomics can be easily accomplished in a commercial CE‐MS instrument. In the proposed Taylor–Aris dispersion‐assisted mass spectrometry (TADA‐MS) analysis 0.5 μL sample is injected into a 65 cm long 50 μm i.d. capillary and pumped with 1 bar toward the MS. The procedure is efficient for the direct injection analysis of components having low diffusion coefficients (proteins) that are present in complex matrices of small organic and inorganic compounds.
A Modular Turn‐On Strategy to Profile E2‐Specific Ubiquitination Events in Living Cells
Authors: Hill Caitlin J. , Datta Suprama , McCurtin Nicholas P. , Kimball Hannah Z. , Kingsley Molly C. , Bayer Abraham L. , Martin Alexander C. , Peng Qianni , Weerapana Eranthie , Scheck Rebecca A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA cascade of three enzymes, E1−E2−E3, is responsible for transferring ubiquitin to target proteins, which controls many different aspects of cellular signaling. The role of the E2 has been largely overlooked, despite influencing substrate identity, chain multiplicity, and topology. Here we report a method—targeted charging of ubiquitin to E2 (tCUbE)—that can track a tagged ubiquitin through its entire enzymatic cascade in living mammalian cells. We use this approach to reveal new targets whose ubiquitination depends on UbcH5a E2 activity. We demonstrate that tCUbE can be broadly applied to multiple E2s and in different human cell lines. tCUbE is uniquely suited to examine E2−E3‐substrate cascades of interest and/or piece together previously unidentified cascades, thereby illuminating entire branches of the UPS and providing critical insight that will be useful for identifying new therapeutic targets in the UPS.
The archaeology of 19th century oyster consumption in Melbourne
Authors: Marshall Brendan 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper presents comparative research on marine shell from four 19th century historical archaeological sites in Melbourne. The shell derives predominantly from Mud Oyster (Ostrea angasi) and Sydney Rock Oyster (Saccostrea glomerata) commercially harvested from natural reefs along the south‐east Australian coastline. The research collects quantitative data that informs on the 19th century oyster industry and investigates inter‐site shell variability and its implications for processing, consumption and discard. Dredging of subtidal reefs provides an explanation for the numerical dominance of oyster, the presence of subfossil cultch (Anadara) and the wide range of minor shellfish. Mud oyster and Sydney rock oyster comparisons in valve size, sided counts and preservation record significant differences within and between sites due to the origins, depositional conditions and the processing of the shell. These data form the basis of two models. The first predicts the archaeological representation of reef dredging and ranks shellfish according to categories, from live oysters to dead shell sampled from the reef substrate. Based on oyster shell anatomy and the separate uses of the right (lid) and left (dish) valves, the second model considers how oyster processing and consumption is characterised archaeologically in differential valve counts and pairing rates.
Impact of choice set complexity on decoy effects
Authors: Stanley Jacob M. , Wedell Douglas H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractStudies of contextual choice typically use three option choice sets to evaluate how preference relations depend on the values of a third decoy option. However, often real‐world decisions are made using choice sets with many more than three alternatives, such as in online shopping. Three experiments tested for attraction and compromise decoy effects in choice sets that varied the number and ordering of alternatives using a within‐subjects preferential choice grocery shopping task. In Experiment 1, attraction and compromise effects were significantly reduced as alternatives increased from three to nine. Experiment 2 found significantly greater attraction effects in nine alternative choice sets ordered by attributes compared with a random ordering. Experiment 3 used eye tracking and found significant attraction effects in choice sets with 3, 9, and 15 alternatives, but the effect was reduced with increasing alternatives. Eye tracking revealed that participants engaged in more by‐dimension comparisons as the number of alternatives increased, but, contrary to previous research, the proportion of by‐alternative to by‐dimension transitions was not linearly predictive of decoy effects. With increased alternatives, the proportion of the total information attended to decreased, leading to worse choice outcomes, and participants were more likely to engage in a lexicographic decision‐making strategy.
Fus‐SMO: Kinetics, Biochemical Characterisation and In Silico Modelling of a Chimeric Styrene Monooxygenase Demonstrating Quantitative Coupling Efficiency
Authors: Knaus Tanja , Macheroux Peter , Mutti Francesco G. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe styrene monooxygenase, a two‐component enzymatic system for styrene epoxidation, was characterised through the study of Fus‐SMO – a chimera resulting from the fusion of StyA and StyB using a flexible linker. Notably, it remains debated whether the transfer of FADH2 from StyB to StyA occurs through diffusion, channeling, or a combination of both. Fus‐SMO was identified as a trimer with one bound FAD molecule. In silico modelling revealed a well‐distanced arrangement (45–50 Å) facilitated by the flexible linker‘s loopy structure. Pre‐steady‐state kinetics elucidated the FADox reduction intricacies (kred=110 s−1 for bound FADox), identifying free FADox binding as the rate‐determining step. The aerobic oxidation of FADH2 (kox=90 s−1) and subsequent decomposition to FADox and H2O2 demonstrated StyA′s protective effect on the bound hydroperoxoflavin (kdec=0.2 s−1) compared to free cofactor (kdec=1.8 s−1). At varied styrene concentrations, kox for FADH2 ranged from 80 to 120 s−1. Studies on NADH consumption vs. styrene epoxidation revealed Fus‐SMO′s ability to achieve quantitative coupling efficiency in solution, surpassing natural two‐component SMOs. The results suggest that Fus‐SMO exhibits enhanced FADH2 channelling between subunits. This work contributes to comprehending FADH2 transfer mechanisms in SMO and illustrates how protein fusion can elevate catalytic efficiency for biocatalytic applications.
Hybrid Catalysis in Concurrent Mode: How to Make Catalysts and Biocatalysts Compatible?
Authors: Gastaldi Cédric , Gautier Arnaud , Forano Claude , Hélaine Virgil , Guérard‐Hélaine Christine 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFor a long time, catalysis and biocatalysis seemed to be in competition until the organic chemist decided to synergize them for the better. However, their inherent differences presented such a challenge that most of the hybrid catalysis processes developed turned out to be sequential. Nevertheless, some processes have demonstrated that achieving the seemingly impossible was indeed feasible, by combining catalysts and biocatalysts in concurrent mode. This means having them operate under the same experimental conditions, in the presence of all reagents, from the start of the reaction cascade. The objective of this review is to illustrate how it became possible, drawing upon multidisciplinary fields such as organic and inorganic chemistry, chemo‐ and biocatalysis, to reconcile catalysts that are opposed by many parameters. Through a classification of encountered difficulties, organic chemists can swiftly identify methods to overcome them, creating a toolbox to develop new innovative processes.
The Piezoionic Effect: Biomimetic Transduction Mechanism for Sensing, Actuation, Interface, and Energy Harvesting
Authors: Ho Derek 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInvited for this issue's Front Cover is Prof. Derek Ho of the Atoms‐to‐Systems Lab at the City University of Hong Kong and the Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro‐Cardiovascular Health Engineering. The front cover highlights the vision of an iontronic artificial limb seamlessly integrated with the human body. The sensory signal of touch is transduced through the biomimetic piezoionic process to natively communicate with the human nervous system. Read the full text of the Review at 10.1002/celc.202300268.
Effect of high energy radiation on electrical properties of synthetic bone materials
Authors: Machuga Krishna S. , Tauraso Aria , Kazmi Mahack , Su Ching Hua , Cullum Brian , Arnold Bradley , Choa Fow‐Sen , Prasad Narasimha , Singh N. B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHydroxyapatites have been investigated since past six decades as laser host materials. Because of their important roles in bone and teeth, these have been subjects of recent investigations. Gallium and titanium have great potential for decreasing the depletion of calcium and reducing osteoporosis. The electrical properties and polarity play important roles in regeneration of the bones. We observed growth of grains in selenium‐doped gallium and titanium containing silicate hydroxyapatites. Observed morphology showed non‐facetted microstructures and it helped in achieving larger grains. For the material processed for the period of longer than 70 h, we did not observe any difference in the dielectric constant and resistivity of the selenium‐doped materials. For irradiating the materials, a Cs‐137 γ‐radiation with 5 µm curie dose was used up to 100 h. We observed that the dielectric constant and resistivity at different frequencies ranging from 100 to 100 000 Hz were affected by the high energy radiation. However, bias voltage in the range of 50–1 000 mV did no alter the dielectric constant or resistivity. This indicated that the breakdown of the material did not occur for this bias range.
Hyphae‐mediated bioassembly of carbon fibers derivatives for advanced battery energy storage
Authors: Huang Lei , Qiu Zhong , Liu Ping , Xia Xinhui , Cao Feng , He Xinping , Wang Chen , Wan Wangjun , Zhang Yongqi , Xia Yang , Zhang Wenkui , Chen Minghua , Zhou Jiancang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIngenious design and fabrication of advanced carbon‐based sulfur cathodes are extremely important to the development of high‐energy lithium‐sulfur batteries, which hold promise as the next‐generation power source. Herein, for the first time, we report a novel versatile hyphae‐mediated biological assembly technology to achieve scale production of hyphae carbon fibers (HCFs) derivatives, in which different components including carbon, metal compounds, and semiconductors can be homogeneously assembled with HCFs to form composite networks. The mechanism of biological adsorption assembly is also proposed. As a representative, reduced graphene oxides (rGOs) decorated with hollow carbon spheres (HCSs) successfully co‐assemble with HCFs to form HCSs@rGOs/HCFs hosts for sulfur cathodes. In this unique architecture, not only large accommodation space for sulfur but also restrained volume expansion and fast charge transport paths are realized. Meanwhile, multiscale physical barriers plus chemisorption sites are simultaneously established to anchor soluble lithium polysulfides. Accordingly, the designed HCSs@rGOs/HCFs‐S cathodes deliver a high capacity (1189 mA h g−1 at 0.1 C) and good high‐rate capability (686 mA h g−1 at 5 C). Our work provides a new approach for the preparation of high‐performance carbon‐based electrodes for energy storage devices.
Phosphonium‐Substituted Diphosphaindenylide (PPI): Exploration of Biradical Character and Ligand Properties
Authors: Coburger Peter , Zuber David , Schweinzer Clara , Scharnhölz Moritz 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Peter Coburger at the Technical University of Munich. The image, painted by Dr. Christoph Selg, depicts the bonding relationships in a biradicaloid chromium complex as a staircase, with the people symbolizing the two‐way flow of electrons between the ligand and the metal. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202302970.
Wavelet analysis of rainfall and application of hydrological model in a semi‐arid river basin of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Sharma Devesh , Sharma Aditya , Panda S. K. , Babel Mukand S. , Kumar Manish 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRainfall–runoff modeling requires a selection of a suitable hydrologic model for the determination of an accurate quantity. A better understanding of rainfall–runoff processes is important for stream flow generation within a river basin. This study investigate the long‐term spatial–temporal trend of rainfall and streamflow using the hydrologic engineering center‐hydrologic modeling system (HEC‐HMS) model to understand the rainfall–runoff dynamics in the Banas River basin. Rainfall variability was analyzed for two periods: 1971–1995 and 1996–2020. Continuous wavelet transform was used to analyze the periodicity and the inter‐seasonal relationship in rainfall. HEC‐GeoHMS was used to generate the various inputs for the hydrologic modeling inputs for the HEC‐HMS model. Initial constant loss and ModClark transform method were used to set up the HEC‐HMS model for the study area. Calibration and validation of the model were performed using 3 years of observed data 2010–2012 and 2013–2015, respectively. Statistical model efficiency was checked using the coefficient of determination (R2), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency, and root mean squared error to evaluate the performance of the HEC‐HMS model. The finding indicated that the R2 values are 0.80 for calibration and 0.82 for validation periods, respectively, which are in good arrangement with the measured values. This study analyzes the relationship between rainfall and runoff, which will aid in proper and efficient water resource management.