bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two independent LAMP assays for rapid identification of the serpentine leafminer, Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard, 1926) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Australia
Authors: Zhu Xiaocheng , Gopurenko David , Holloway Joanne C. , Duff John D. , Malipatil Mallik B. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLiriomyza huidobrensis is a leafminer fly and significant horticultural pest. It is a quarantine listed species in many countries and is now present as an established pest in Australia. Liriomyza huidobrensis uses a broad range of host plants and has potential for spread into various horticultural systems and regions of Australia. Rapid in-field identification of the pest is critically needed to assist efforts to manage this pest. Morphological identification of the pest is effectively limited to specialist examinations of adult males. Generally, molecular methods such as qPCR and DNA barcoding for identification of Liriomyza species require costly laboratory-based hardware. Herein, we developed two independent and rapid LAMP assays targeted to independently inherited mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Both assays are highly sensitive and specific to L. huidobrensis. Positive signals can be detected within 10 min on laboratory and portable real-time amplification fluorometers. Further, we adapted these assays for use with colorimetric master mixes, to allow fluorometer free in-field diagnostics of L. huidobrensis. Our LAMP assays can be used for stand-alone testing of query specimens and are likely to be essential tools used for rapid identification and monitoring of L. huidobrensis.
Transcription factor-mediated direct cellular reprogramming yields cell-type specific DNA methylation signature
Authors: Horisawa Kenichi , Miura Shizuka , Araki Hiromitsu , Miura Fumihito , Ito Takashi , Suzuki Atsushi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDirect reprogramming, inducing the conversion of one type of somatic cell into another by the forced expression of defined transcription factors, is a technology with anticipated medical applications. However, due to the many unresolved aspects of the induction mechanisms, it is essential to thoroughly analyze the epigenomic state of the generated cells. Here, we performed comparative genome-wide DNA methylation analyses of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and cells composing organoids formed by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) or induced ISCs (iISCs) that were directly induced from MEFs. We found that the CpG methylation state was similar between cells forming ISC organoids and iISC organoids, while they differed widely from those in MEFs. Moreover, genomic regions that were differentially methylated between ISC organoid- and iISC organoid-forming cells did not significantly affect gene expression. These results demonstrate the accuracy and safety of iISC induction, leading to the medical applications of this technology.
Scale-dependent power law properties in hashtag usage time series of Weibo
Authors: Jiang Jiwei J. , Yamada Kenta , Takayasu Hideki , Takayasu Misako 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe analyze the time series of hashtag numbers of social media data. We observe that the usage distribution of hashtags is characterized by a fat-tailed distribution with a size-dependent power law exponent and we find that there is a clear dependency between the growth rate distributions of hashtags and size of hashtags usage. We propose a generalized random multiplicative process model with a theory that explains the size dependency of the fat-tailed distribution. Numerical simulations show that our model reproduces these size-dependent properties nicely. We expect that our model is useful for understanding the mechanism of fat-tailed distributions in various fields of science and technology.
Spatial–temporal distribution and key factors of urban land use ecological efficiency in the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Zhang Lanyue , Xiao Yi , Guo Yimeng , Qian Xinmeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUrban land use ecological efficiency is crucial to the urbanization process and urban ecosystem sustainability. Cities in ecologically sensitive zones with frequent natural disasters need more complex land use patterns and plans. Achieving the goal of harmonizing economy and ecosystem is key for sustainable development policy makers in these cities. Aiming to explore the urban land use ecological efficiency (LUEE) of ecologically sensitive areas, urban land use ecological efficiency index system of the Loess Plateau was constructed, the SBM-Tobit model was adopted to measure the LUEE and influencing factors from 2009 to 2018, and the characteristics of spatial–temporal evolution was discussed. The results indicated that there were significant spatial differences of LUEE in ecologically sensitive zone. The high-level cities of LUEE were located in the southwest areas, while low-level cities of LUEE were mostly situated in the northeast zones, and the temporal variation trend showed the characteristic of “W” curve. Additionally, the results of key factors identification demonstrated that science and technology expenditure and public transport development had positive effects on urban LUEE, while the land expansion, GDP growth, the second industry and real estate development will limit the improvement of urban LUEE. This study used the scientific evaluation index system and key factors identification method to explore the land use ecological efficiency in ecologically sensitive zones, aiming to provide a case study reference for urban land management and optimization in ecologically fragile areas.
Temporal encoding in deep reinforcement learning agents
Authors: Lin Dongyan , Huang Ann Zixiang , Richards Blake Aaron 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNeuroscientists have observed both cells in the brain that fire at specific points in time, known as “time cells”, and cells whose activity steadily increases or decreases over time, known as “ramping cells”. It is speculated that time and ramping cells support temporal computations in the brain and carry mnemonic information. However, due to the limitations in animal experiments, it is difficult to determine how these cells really contribute to behavior. Here, we show that time cells and ramping cells naturally emerge in the recurrent neural networks of deep reinforcement learning models performing simulated interval timing and working memory tasks, which have learned to estimate expected rewards in the future. We show that these cells do indeed carry information about time and items stored in working memory, but they contribute to behavior in large part by providing a dynamic representation on which policy can be computed. Moreover, the information that they do carry depends on both the task demands and the variables provided to the models. Our results suggest that time cells and ramping cells could contribute to temporal and mnemonic calculations, but the way in which they do so may be complex and unintuitive to human observers.
Hierarchical Temporal Structuring of Speech: A Multiscale, Multimodal Framework to Inform the Assessment and Management of Neuromotor Speech Disorder
Authors: Rong Panying , Heidrick Lindsey 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
Hierarchical temporal structuring of speech is the key to multiscale linguistic information transfer toward effective communication. This study investigated and linked the hierarchical temporal cues of the kinematic and acoustic modalities of natural, unscripted speech in neurologically healthy and impaired speakers.

Method:
Thirteen individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and 10 age-matched healthy controls performed a story-telling task. The hierarchical temporal structure of the speech stimulus was measured by (a) 26 articulatory–kinematic features characterizing the depth, phase synchronization, and coherence of temporal modulation of the tongue tip, tongue body, lower lip, and jaw, at three hierarchically nested timescales corresponding to prosodic stress, syllables, and onset–rime/phonemes, and (b) 25 acoustic features characterizing the parallel aspects of temporal modulation of five critical–spectral-band envelopes. All features were compared between groups. For each aspect of temporal modulation, the contributions of all articulatory features to the parallel acoustic features were evaluated by group.

Results:
Generally consistent disease impacts were identified on the articulatory and acoustic features, manifested by reduced modulation depths of most articulators and critical–spectral-band envelopes, primarily at the timescales of syllables and onset–rime/phonemes. For healthy speakers, the strongest articulatory–acoustic relationships were found for (a) jaw and lip, in modulating stress timing, and (b) tongue tip, in modulating the timing relation between onset–rime/phonemes and syllables. For speakers with ALS, the tongue body, tongue tip, and jaw all showed the greatest contributions to modulating syllable timing.

Conclusions:
The observed disease impacts likely reflect reduced entrainment of speech motor activities to finer-grained linguistic events, presumably due to the dynamic constraints of the neuromuscular system. To accommodate these restrictions, speakers with ALS appear to use their residual articulatory motor capacities to accentuate and convey the perceptually most salient temporal cues underpinned by the syllable-centric parsing mechanism. This adaptive strategy has potential implications in managing neuromotor speech disorders.
Connecting the two Easts: Central Asian cultural diplomats and Soviet Internationalism of the late Stalinist era, 1947–1950
Authors: Shin Boram 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCentral Asia’s interactions with regions outside the Soviet borders during the Cold War have been largely ignored, despite evidence of the vital role it played in Soviet engagement with decolonising nations in Asia, as a model for a developed, decolonized, socialist nation. Central Asia was essential to Soviet cultural diplomacy, as Moscow sought to establish an anti-imperialist alliance with decolonizing countries in Asia and Africa. This paper begins its discussion with the Soviet participation in the 1947 Asian Relations Conference held in Delhi, which marked the first post-WWII occasion in which the socialist republics in Central Asia and the Caucasus represented the Soviet Union abroad. The paper explores the implications of this encounter on the Soviet interpretation of post-WWII Asia and the role of Central Asia in promoting anti-imperialist solidarity domestically and internationally. It also focuses on travel accounts of Tursun-zade and Oybek (Musa Toshmuhammad oʻgʻli), two prominent Central Asian writers who visited India and Pakistan as a part of the Soviet cultural delegates abroad. The writers utilized historical, cultural, and religious symbolism that resonated with the Central Asian population to foster connections between Moscow and Asia, localizing Soviet internationalism and creating a unique identity for Central Asia as the mediator between the Soviet centre (Moscow) and (South) Asia beyond the Soviet borders. By examining how Asia beyond the borders were depicted and how post-WWII Soviet internationalism discourse were integrated into the late-Stalinist republican literature, this paper offers a deeper understanding of the roles Central Asian cultural and intellectual figures played in shaping post-war cultural and international relations.
Towards a corpus-based approach to graphic elements in creative subtitling
Authors: Wu Zhiwei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article explores how a corpus-based approach allows us to describe and analyze the multimodal complexity of
graphic elements in creative subtitling. To this end, the article focuses on a YouTube channel, Apenjie with
Dawang, featuring a dog and its owner. This channel’s subtitling strategies were experimental with multiple graphic
elements (colors, positions, font sizes, and emojis). Informed by a social semiotic approach to multimodality, a corpus of 1,155
coupled pairs of Chinese-English subtitles was annotated for modal shifts and metafunctional shifts. Some major findings include:
(a) emojis were much more likely to be added to the target subtitles for the animals than for the humans;
(b) speaker-identifying graphic elements (color and position) were lost in the target subtitles, but emojis were
systematically added to mark animals as the speakers; (c) the addition of emojis evoked complementary-interpersonal meanings,
suggesting that the subtitlers might have prioritized audience engagement over textual fidelity; (d) although the target
subtitles used fewer graphic elements, the semiotic meanings could be similar or complementary to those of the source subtitles.
Based on these findings, the article also discusses the opportunities and challenges of a corpus-based approach to graphic
elements in creative subtitling.
Tweeting fallacies
Authors: Gascón José Ángel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The fallacy approach to argument pedagogy has been criticized as being overtly critical, theoretically defective and encouraging an adversarial attitude. In order to solve some of those issues, the effects of fallacy teaching on the arguer’s behavior should be studied empirically. Here I present an exploratory study in which I take a look at how accusations of fallacies are made on Twitter. 865 accusations were analyzed according to seven criteria: (1) whether the fallacy is identified, (2) whether it is misidentified, (3) whether the accusation was substantiated, (4) whether the substantiation makes reference to the context, (5) whether the accuser relies on the “taxonomic technique”, (6) whether the accuser relies on a problematic theory, and (7) whether the accuser is willing to discuss the accusation. Both the findings of the study and the reliability of the criteria are discussed.
Management and outcomes in a consecutive series of patients with aero-digestive fistula at a tertiary gastro-esophageal surgery center
Authors: Murad Fahad , Klevebro Fredrik , Henriksson Gert , Rouvelas Ioannis , Lindblad Mats , Nilsson Magnus 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Aerodigestive fistula (ADF) is defined as a pathological connection between the upper digestive tract and the airway. ADF is associated with high morbidity and mortality and management is often complex. A cohort study including all patients admitted with ADF 2004–2022 at a single tertiary esophageal surgery center was performed based on prospectively collected administrative data and retrospectively collected electronic patient chart data,. Patient demographics, performance status, comorbidity, fistula characteristics, management, and outcomes in terms of morbidity and mortality were assessed in patients with ADF of three distinct types: (i) tumor overgrowth-related, (ii) various benign etiologies, and (iii) post-esophagectomy. Sixty-one patients with ADF were included in the study, 33 (54.1%) tumor overgrowth-related, six (9.8%) benign and 22 (36.1%) post-esophagectomy. In the post-esophagectomy group 15 out of 22 (68.2%) patients were diagnosed with anastomotic leakage prior to ADF diagnosis. Self-expandable metallic stents (SEMS) were used for temporary fistula sealing in 59 out of 61 (96.7%) patients, of which most received stents in both the digestive tract and airway. Temporary fistula sealing with stents was successful enabling discharge from hospital in 47 out of 59 (79.7%) patients. Definitive ADF repair was performed in 16 (26.2%) patients, of which one (6.3%) died within 90-days and 15 could be discharged home with permanently sealed fistulas. ADF is a complex condition associated with high mortality, which often requires multiple advanced interventions. SEMS can be applied in the airway and simultaneously in the digestive tract to temporarily seal the ADF as bridge to definitive surgical repair.
Left ventricular fibrosis as a main determinant of filling pressures and left atrial function in advanced heart failure
Authors: Mandoli Giulia Elena , Cameli Matteo , Pastore Maria Concetta , Loiacono Ferdinando , Righini Francesca Maria , D’Ascenzi Flavio , Focardi Marta , Cavigli Luna , Lisi Matteo , Bisleri Gianluigi , Dokollari Aleksander , Bernazzali Sonia , Maccherini Massimo , Valente Serafina , Henein Michael Y 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
Advanced heart failure (AdHF) is characterized by variable degrees of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, myocardial fibrosis, and raised filling pressures which lead to left atrial (LA) dilatation and cavity dysfunction. This study investigated the relationship between LA peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS), assessed by speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE), and invasive measures of LV filling pressures and fibrosis in a group of AdHF patients undergoing heart transplantation (HTX).

Methods and results
We consecutively enrolled patients with AdHF who underwent HTX at our Department. Demographic and basic echocardiographic data were registered, then invasive intracardiac pressures were obtained from right heart catheterization, and STE was also performed. After HTX, biopsy specimens from explanted hearts were collected to quantify the degree of LV myocardial fibrosis. Sixty-four patients were included in the study (mean age 62.5 ± 11 years, 42% female). The mean LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was 26.7 ± 6.1%, global PALS was 9.65 ± 4.5%, and mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) was 18.8 ± 4.8 mmHg. Seventy-three % of patients proved to have severe LV fibrosis. Global PALS was inversely correlated with PCWP (R = −0.83; P &lt; 0.0001) and with LV fibrosis severity (R = −0.78; P &lt; 0.0001) but did not correlate with LVEF (R = 0.15; P = 0.2). Among echocardiographic indices of LV filling pressures, global PALS proved the strongest [area under the curve 0.955 (95% confidence interval 0.87–0.99)] predictor of raised (&gt;18 mmHg) PCWP.

Conclusion
In patients with AdHF, reduced global PALS strongly correlated with the invasively assessed LV filling pressure and degree of LV fibrosis. Such relationship could be used as non-invasive indicator for optimum patient stratification for therapeutic strategies.
A Drosophila screen identifies a role for histone methylation in ER stress preconditioning
Authors: Owings Katie G , Chow Clement Y 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Stress preconditioning occurs when transient, sublethal stress events impact an organism's ability to counter future stresses. Although preconditioning effects are often noted in the literature, very little is known about the underlying mechanisms. To model preconditioning, we exposed a panel of genetically diverse Drosophila melanogaster to a sublethal heat shock and measured how well the flies survived subsequent exposure to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The impact of preconditioning varied with genetic background, ranging from dying half as fast to 4 and a half times faster with preconditioning compared to no preconditioning. Subsequent association and transcriptional analyses revealed that histone methylation, and transcriptional regulation are both candidate preconditioning modifier pathways. Strikingly, almost all subunits (7/8) in the Set1/COMPASS complex were identified as candidate modifiers of preconditioning. Functional analysis of Set1 knockdown flies demonstrated that loss of Set1 led to the transcriptional dysregulation of canonical ER stress genes during preconditioning. Based on these analyses, we propose a preconditioning model in which Set1 helps to establish an interim transcriptional “memory” of previous stress events, resulting in a preconditioned response to subsequent stress.
Chronic urban trauma, postsecular spaces and living with difference in a city neighbourhood
Authors: Vine Jeni 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article contributes to debates that articulate the complexity of living with difference. It brings together the literatures on chronic urban trauma and postsecularity to argue for the need to consider the impact on neighbourhoods where the withdrawal of the state is leading to more services being provided by faith-based volunteers. The empirical material applies these concepts to three neighbourhoods in Sheffield within the 10 per cent most socio-economically deprived in the UK where White residents now form around 79 per cent of the population, rather than 90 per cent 20 years previously. It focuses on the neglected micro-scale of neighbourhood activists. At the same time, as the neighbourhoods have been changing demographically, they have also been impacted by austerity and the struggles of daily existence, leaving many at survival level. The proliferation of foodbanks and other services designed to plug gaps in the safety net of the welfare state involve complicated judgements for those who, often on a voluntary basis, come forward to meet the need. As public buildings run by local councils continue to be closed in cost-saving measures, many services run by faith groups have stepped up to fill the gaps. However, with evidence that people do not apply their equality values equally, the article raises concerns about postsecular solutions to ongoing austerity. Where faith-based provision has become an important part of the landscape of the poor, absences of people from diverse faiths in a neighbourhood may be building divisions for the future.
Liver transplantation for advanced-stage primary hepatic yolk sac tumor: A case report and literature review
Authors: Liu Guang-Hua , Qiu Ming-Ke , Wang Yang , Zhang Ting-Ting , Wang Li-Jun , Guan Wen-Bin , Ou Jing-Min , Chen Li-Tian 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Primary hepatic yolk sac tumors (YSTs) are rare in adults. Liver resection is an acknowledged treatment modality for primary hepatic YST. Liver transplantation may offer a possible cure for unresectable cases.

Patient concerns:
We present a case of a 31-year-old woman with an abdominal mass who had abnormally elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels (31,132 ng/mL; normal: 0–7 ng/mL). Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed large tumors located in both lobes of the liver, with arterial enhancement and venous washout. Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT indicated increased 18F-FDG uptake (maximum standardized uptake value, 24.4) in the liver tumors and left middle intra-abdominal nodule.

Diagnoses:
The diagnosis was primary hepatic YST with metastasis to the greater omentum.

Interventions:
The patient underwent orthotopic liver transplantation and intra-abdominal nodule resection after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) as a bridge. Intraoperatively, an intra-abdominal nodule was confirmed in the greater omentum. Histopathological examination of the liver tumors revealed Schiller-Duval bodies. The tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitor larotrectinib was administered, followed by four cycles of chemotherapy with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin based on the next-generation sequencing results.

Outcomes:
The AFP level decreased to within the normal range. No evidence of tumor collapse was observed during the 34-month follow-up period.

Lessons:
This case suggests that multimodal therapy dominated by liver transplantation, including preoperative TACE, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, and TRK inhibitors, is an effective treatment modality for unresectable primary hepatic YST.