bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FABP7 Progenitors are a Targetable Metabolic Root in theBRCA1Breast
Authors: McCloskey Curtis W. , Zhang Bowen , Waas Matthew , Abazari Golnaz , Vyas Foram , Aliar Kazeera , Tharmapalan Pirashaanthy , Kuttanamkuzhi Abhijith , Narala Swami , Cruikshank Jennifer , Hofer Stefan O.P. , Jackson Hartland W. , Kislinger Thomas , Berman Hal K. , Khokha Rama 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIt has been nearly 3 decades since the discovery of theBRCA1/2genes and their link to breast cancer risk, with prophylactic mastectomy remaining the primary management option for these high-risk mutation carriers. The current paucity of interception strategies is due to undefined, targetable cancer precursor populations in the high-risk breast. Despite known cellular alterations in theBRCA1breast, epithelial populations at the root of unwarranted cell state transitions remain unresolved. Here, we identify a root progenitor population that is dysregulated inBRCA1carriers stemming from the metabolic role of BRCA1. This fatty-acid binding protein 7 (FABP7) expressing luminal progenitor population is spatially confined to the mammary ducts, has enhanced clonogenic capacity, and is the predicted origin of mixed basal-luminal differentiation in theBRCA1but notBRCA2breast. We show global H3K27 acetylation is reduced within ductal FABP7 cells inBRCA1carriersin situ, linking to a non-canonical metabolic role of BRCA1 in regulating acetyl-CoA pools andde novofatty acid synthesis. We demonstrate FABP7 progenitor capacity is preferentially ablated inBRCA1carriers through inhibition of fatty acid metabolism using an FDA-approved fatty acid synthase (FASN) inhibitor. This study lays the foundation for metabolic control of breast progenitor dynamics to mitigate breast cancer risk in theBRCA1breast.
Reevaluating the Concept of Aging: Long-Term Stress Adaptation as a Key Factor in Yeast Aging
Authors: Kong Yanzhuo , Adejoro Damola , Winefield Christopher , On Stephen L.W. , Wescombe Philip A. , Subbaraj Arvind , Saunders Andrew , Chelikani Venkata 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIt has been demonstrated that short-term stress can enhance cellular responses and promote longevity, whereas long-term stress shortens lifespan. Understanding the relationship between short-term and long-term stress could offer new insights into comprehending and modulating age-related diseases. In this study, we investigate this relationship using transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses in the yeast model system (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).We employed three metabolic treatments: firstly, treating yeast cells with threshold levels of benzoic acid for 24 hours (Short-term [ST] Stressed Cells); secondly, treating yeast cells with threshold levels of benzoic acid for 500 hours, with sub-culturing every 24 hours (Long-term [LT] Stressed Cells); and thirdly, allowing the long-term stressed cells to grow for 16 hours without any benzoic acid (Recovered Cells).Here, we propose that aging is an evolutionarily conserved cellular adaptation mechanism in response to long-term stress exposure. Under short-term stressed conditions, prominent lifespan-extending metabolites such as trehalose and metabolites linked to tumor suppression in humans, such as 5’-methylthioadenosine, were overexpressed. In contrast, LT Stressed Cells activated genes such as those responsible for epigenetic regulatory enzymes that govern the aging process, and secondary stress response genes, such as heat shock proteins (HSPs) which are associated with adaptation to cell damage but also often associated with aged cells. Chronological lifespan experiments showed that LT stressed cells lived a shorter lifespan compared to ST Stressed Cells. This suggests that the markers of aging (eg. HSPs, certain epigenetic regulators) are expressed in response to long-term stress to enable cell survival but have the long-term effect of reducing lifespan. In support of this hypothesis, we also show that genes exclusively activated in ST Stressed Cells are conserved solely in eukaryotes, while those significantly expressed in LT Stressed Cells (aging related) exhibit high conservation across all domains of life, with a majority having originated from bacteria hinting at the potential evolutionary benefit of aging.
The feature landscape of visual cortex
Authors: Tong Rudi , da Silva Ronan , Lin Dongyan , Ghosh Arna , Wilsenach James , Cianfarano Erica , Bashivan Pouya , Richards Blake , Trenholm Stuart 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUnderstanding computations in the visual system requires a characterization of the distinct feature preferences of neurons in different visual cortical areas. However, we know little about how feature preferences of neurons within a given area relate to that area’s role within the global organization of visual cortex. To address this, we recorded from thousands of neurons across six visual cortical areas in mouse and leveraged generative AI methods combined with closed-loop neuronal recordings to identify each neuron’s visual feature preference. First, we discovered that the mouse’s visual system is globally organized to encode features in a manner invariant to the types of image transformations induced by self-motion. Second, we found differences in the visual feature preferences of each area and that these differences generalized across animals. Finally, we observed that a given area’s collection of preferred stimuli (‘own-stimuli’) drive neurons from the same area more effectively through their dynamic range compared to preferred stimuli from other areas (‘other-stimuli’). As a result, feature preferences of neurons within an area are organized to maximally encode differences among own-stimuli while remaining insensitive to differences among other-stimuli. These results reveal how visual areas work together to efficiently encode information about the external world.
The initiation and early development of the tubulin-containing cytoskeleton in the human parasiteToxoplasma gondii
Authors: Arias Padilla Luisa F. , Murray John M. , Hu Ke 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTThe tubulin-containing cytoskeleton of the human parasiteToxoplasma gondiiincludes several distinct structures: the conoid, formed of 14 ribbon-like tubulin polymers, and the array of 22 cortical microtubules (MTs) rooted in the apical polar ring. Here we analyze the structure of developing daughter parasites using both 3D-SIM and expansion microscopy. Cortical MTs and the conoid start to develop almost simultaneously, but from distinct precursors near the centrioles. Cortical MTs are initiated in a fixed sequence, starting around the periphery of a short arc that extends to become a complete circle. The conoid also develops from an open arc into a full circle, with a fixed spatial relationship to the centrioles. The patterning of the MT array starts from a “blueprint” with ∼ 5-fold symmetry, switching to 22-fold rotational symmetry in the final product, revealing a major structural rearrangement during daughter growth. The number of MT is essentially invariant in the wild-type array, but is perturbed by the loss of some structural components of the apical polar ring. This study provides insights into the development of tubulin-containing structures that diverge from conventional models, insights that are critical for understanding the evolutionary paths leading to construction and divergence of cytoskeletal frameworks.
Educational Mobility, the Pace of Biological Aging, and Lifespan in the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Graf G.H. , Aiello A.E. , Caspi A. , Kothari M. , Liu H. , Moffitt T.E. , Muennig P. , Ryan C.P. , Sugden K. , Belsky D.W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractImportancePeople who complete more education live longer lives with better health. New evidence suggests that these benefits operate through a slowed pace of biological aging. If so, measurements of the pace biological aging could offer intermediate endpoints for studies of how interventions to promote education will impact healthy longevity.ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that upward educational mobility contributes to a slower pace of biological aging and increased longevity.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingWe analyzed data from three generations of participants in the Framingham Heart Study: the Original cohort, enrolled beginning in 1948, the Offspring cohort, enrolled beginning in 1971, and the Gen3 cohort, enrolled beginning in 2002. Follow-up is on-going. Data analysis was conducted during 2022-2023 using data obtained from dbGaP (phs000007.v33).ParticipantsWe constructed a three-generation database to quantify intergenerational educational mobility. We linked mobility data with blood DNA methylation data collected from the Offspring cohort in (2005-2008) (n=1,652) and the Gen3 cohort in 2009-2011 (n=1,449). These n=3,101 participants formed our analysis sample.ExposureWe measured educational mobility by comparing participants’ educational outcomes with those of their parents.OutcomesWe measured the pace of biological aging from whole-blood DNA-methylation data using the DunedinPACE epigenetic clock. For comparison purposes, we repeated analysis using four other epigenetic clocks. Survival follow-up was conducted through 2019.ResultsParticipants who were upwardly mobile in educational terms tended to have slower DunedinPACE in later life (r=-0.18, 95% CI [-0.23,-0.13], p<0.001). This pattern of association was similar across generations and held in within-family sibling comparisons. 402 Offspring-cohort participants died over the follow-up period. Upward educational mobility was associated with lower mortality risk (HR=0.89, 95% CI [0.81,0.98] p=0.014). Slower DunedinPACE accounted for roughly half of this association.Conclusions and RelevanceOur findings support the hypothesis that interventions to promote educational attainment will slow the pace of biological aging and promote longevity. Epigenetic clocks, like DunedinPACE, have potential as near-term outcome measures of intervention effects on healthy aging. Experimental evidence is needed to confirm findings.
Unsupervised subgrouping of chronic low back pain patients treated in a specialty clinic
Authors: Torres-Espin Abel , Keller Anastasia , Ewing Susan , Bishara Andrew , Takegami Naoki , Ferguson Adam R. , Scheffler Aaron , Hue Trisha , Lotz Jeff , Peterson Thomas , Zheng Patricia , O’Neill Conor 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundChronic low back pain (cLBP) is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Current treatments have minor or moderate effects, partly because of the idiopathic nature of most cLBP cases, the complexity of its presentation, and heterogeneity in the population. Explaining this complexity and heterogeneity by identifying subgroups of patients is critical for personalized health. Clinical decisions tailoring treatment to patients’ subgroup characteristics and specific treatment responses can improve health outcomes. Current patient stratification tools divide cases into subgroups based on a small subset of characteristics, which may not capture many factors determining patient phenotypes.Methods and FindingsIn this study, we use an unsupervised machine learning framework to identify patient subgroups within a specialized back pain clinic and evaluate their outcomes. Our analysis identified 25 latent factors determining patient phenotypes and found three distinctive clusters of patients. The research suggests that there is heterogeneity in the population of patients treated in a specialty setting and that several factors determine patient phenotypes. Cluster 1 consists of those individuals with characteristics found to be protective of chronic pain: younger age, low pain medication prescription, high function, good insurance access, and low overlapping pain conditions. Individuals in Cluster 3 associate with older age and present with a higher incidence of chronic overlapping pain conditions, comorbidities, and pain medication use. Cluster 2 is an intermediate group.ConclusionsWe quantify cLBP population heterogeneity and demonstrate how ML analytical workflow can be used to explain, in part, this heterogeneity in relation to outcomes. Notably, considering a data-driven approach from multi-domain data produces different subgroups than the STarT back screening tool, and the addition of other functional metrics at baseline such as global physical and mental function, and pain intensity, increases the variance explained in outcomes. Our study provides novel insights into the complex nature of cLBP and the potential for data-driven methods to identify clinically relevant subtypes.
Sphenoid sinus in the Holstein cow: A sectional and 3D reconstructive anatomical study
Authors: Turgut Nimet , Bahar Sadullah , Kılınçer Abidin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCattle disorders affecting the sphenoid sinus are underreported, likely due to difficulties in imaging and lacking topographic knowledge. This study aimed to provide a detailed description of the normal anatomical and morphometric features of the cattle sphenoid sinus. Twelve healthy adult Holstein cow heads were used, and the sinus was examined using CT, anatomical sectioning and 3D modelling. The sinus was bilaterally detected in all animals but exhibited structural asymmetry and significant interindividual differences in morphological characteristics. Three parts of the sinus were defined, namely the rostral, median and alar parts, which conform to the morphological structure of the sphenoid bone. The rostral part was bilateral in shape and located on the orbit wall of the presphenoid bone in all animals. The median part, which pneumatized the body of the sphenoid bone, was observed bilaterally in seven animals, while the alar part, which pneumatized the wing of the sphenoid bone, was formed bilaterally in four animals. The sinus volume and surface area were 11 ± 8 cm3 and 49 ± 30 cm2, respectively. These findings may aid in the diagnosis of cattle sphenoid sinus disorders and contribute to the knowledge of regional anatomy for radiologists and clinicians.
Civil society organisations transforming teacher professional development: Social, Emotional, and Ethical Learning in wartime Ukraine
Authors: Elkin Oleksandr , Marushchenko Oleg , Masalitina Olena , Rasskazova Olha , Drozhzhyna Tetiana , Zhurba Kateryna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA unique model of government and civil society cooperation has emerged in Ukraine since the Revolution of Dignity in 2014 and grew even more important amid the full‐scale invasion of Russia. Recent reforms and teacher professional development in Ukraine build on this model that promotes addressing national‐level challenges in equitable partnerships between government and civil society organisations (CSOs). This paper considers examples and results of their cooperation and draws on: (1) experiences in teacher education—specifically, from the EdWay national platform and the SEE Learning programme, both implemented by EdCamp Ukraine NGO (EdCamp); (2) national sociological studies—specifically, the 2018 study Teach and Learn, and the 2021 Feasibility Study on Opportunities for Social and Emotional Learning in Ukraine; (3) and data from the 2022 case study SEE Learning in Ukraine Through Teachers' Eyes: Before, During, and After the War. Experiences and study data demonstrate the need to support Ukrainian teachers in developing social and emotional skills both for self‐help and for students. These findings align with the requirements of the current New Ukrainian School reform. The authors discuss the potential education CSOs possess in addressing teacher needs for developing emotional and ethical competence and corresponding soft skills. It may be predicted that government and civil sector collaboration will continue to play an important role in the development of education in Ukraine. These expectations are supported by Ukraine's involvement in the 2023 OECD Survey on Social and Emotional Skills where EdCamp is the designated national research centre in Ukraine.
Influence of ZrB2 on Si3N4 ceramics prepared by Si nitridation and hot‐pressing process
Authors: Liang Zhen‐Quan , Zeng Xian‐Ming , Huang Kun‐Heng , Yu Jun‐Jie , Lin Rui‐Lin , Sun Shi‐Kuan , Guo Wei‐Ming , Lin Hua‐Tay 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis work investigated the effect of ZrB2 content on phase composition, relative density, microstructure, and mechanical performance of Si3N4 ceramics prepared by Si nitridation and hot‐pressing method. Si3N4 ceramics were fabricated using Si powder by nitridation and hot‐pressing process. Results showed that the addition of ZrB2 enhanced the transformation of α‐Si3N4 into β‐Si3N4 phase during nitridation, resulting in a greater fraction of β‐Si3N4 (above 90 wt.%) phase in Si3N4 ceramics with ZrB2 after hot‐pressing. In contrast, ceramics without ZrB2 had a lower ratio of β‐Si3N4 (40.4 wt.%). The use of 2.5 vol.% ZrB2 yielded a significant bimodal microstructure and increased fracture toughness to 5.0 ± 0.2 MPa·m1/2, but decreased Vickers hardness to 16.4 ± 0.5 GPa. However, increasing the ZrB2 content to 5 vol.% and 10 vol.% led to a massive formation of equiaxed coarse β‐Si3N4 grains and a significant decrease in Vickers hardness and fracture toughness.
Vis-NIR Spectroscopy for Soil Organic Carbon Assessment: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chinilin A. V. , Vindeker G. V. , Savin I. Yu. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The research papers assessing the content of soil organic carbon with the help of Vis-NIR spectroscopy approaches are systematically analyzed and subject to meta-analysis. This meta-analysis included 134 studies published in 1986–2022 with a total sample of 709 values of quantitative metrics. The papers have been searched for in databases of scientific periodicals (RSCI, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar) by the key word combination “Vis-NIR spectroscopy AND soil organic carbon”. The meta-analysis using the nonparametric one-sided Kruskal–Wallis variance analysis in conjunction with nonparametric pairwise method shows the presence of a statistically significant difference between the median values of the accepted quantitative metrics of the predictive power of the models, namely, coefficient of determination (R2cv/val), root mean square error (RMSE), and the ratio of performance to deviation (RPD). The best performance of the preprocessing method for spectral curves is demonstrated and the estimates of soil organic carbon content obtained by laboratory and field spectroscopies are compared.
Correlation between the Prevalence of Sick-Building Syndrome and Safe Indoor Air Quality Concept in Private Residential Housing in Jordan
Authors: Freihat Ghaida , Al-kurdi Nabeel 
Published: November 2023

Indoor air quality (IAQ) and related health problems have witnessed remarkable attention recently. The prevalence of sick-building syndrome (SBS) is considered the most common health issue. This study conducted in the Al-Dahrieh neighborhood in Jordan showed for the first time how indoor air quality (IAQ) factors affect the prevalence of sick-building syndrome among occupants in residential buildings. The study investigated the concentration levels of air pollutants and comfort parameters. Architectural and urban design configurations were collected through site observation. In addition, daily activities for occupants were gathered through an online questionnaire. All statistical and descriptive analyses of the data collected for this study were carried out by Spearman’s rho correlation test (SPSS) and Excel 2016. It was done using two-tailed (2-tailed) tests and a 1% statistical significance level (

p

< 0.01); interestingly, all expected parameters checked using SPSS are acceptable according to the significant factor of

p

< 0.05. The research explored low air quality in the selected case studies and suggested simple mitigation strategies to reduce pollutants concentration in the buildings, such as natural ventilation and control of pollution from internal sources. Moreover, architects may take these findings to enhance neighborhood and building design to achieve the goal of constructing healthier buildings.
Crossover design in triage education: the effectiveness of simulated interactive vs. routine training on student nurses’ performance in a disaster situation
Authors: Masoumian Hosseini Mohsen , Masoumian Hosseini Seyedeh Toktam , Qayumi Karim , Hosseinzadeh Shahriar , Ahmady Soleiman 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
This study investigates the effectiveness of incorporating simulated interactive guidelines in nursing students’ performance during disaster situations, compared to routine training.

Method
This study was a crossover design with pre-and post-tests for two groups. Each group consisted of 60 students selected using the census method. SIG and routine (Face-to-Face) training sessions were conducted as a crossover design. Triage knowledge questionnaires were used in the pretest to assess triage knowledge. An OSCE test was administered in the posttest to assess student performance, followed by a triage skills questionnaire. Both questionnaires were highly reliable, as indicated by Cronbach’s alpha coefficients (0.9 and 0.95, respectively). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26 software at a significance level 0.05.

Result
The chi-square test showed that the two groups were homogeneous regarding age. Regarding knowledge level, both groups were homogeneous before the intervention (P = 0.99). Nevertheless, the results of the OSCE test showed that the students in Group A had a higher level of skill than the students in Group B (93% versus 70%). Also, 18% of the students in group B had low skills.

Discussion
The study found that student outcomes improved in both groups receiving SIG, suggesting that interaction and simulation improve learning. However, gamification is an ideal precursor to learning and not a substitute for education. Therefore, gamification should not be used as a stand-alone teaching method.

Conclusions
The crossover study found that simulators and games should not be considered stand-alone teaching methods but can contribute to learning sustainability when used alongside instruction.
Clopidogrel-induced non-diabetic hypoglycemia reported from Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a case report
Authors: Belay Kibret Enyew , Urge Saba Belay , Birhan Yidnekachew Asrat , Efrem Paulos , Alemneh Theodros Aberra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia may be caused by several factors, including drugs, critical illnesses, hormonal deficiency, non-islet cell tumor endogenous hyperinsulinism, and accidental, surreptitious, or malicious hypoglycemia. Multiple drugs have been previously reported as causes of hypoglycemia, with moderate and low-quality evidence. However, Clopidogrel as a cause of non-diabetic hypoglycemia is rarely reported. Here we describe a single non-diabetic patient who experienced recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia after initiation of clopidogrel for clinical suspicion of acute coronary syndrome.

Case presentation
The patient, a 33-year-old Ethiopian male with documented hypertension on antihypertensive medication, has started receiving treatment for acute coronary syndrome after experiencing angina symptoms. He experienced hypoglycemia following the start of Clopidogrel, but it subsided once it was stopped. Currently, he has a follow-up at the cardiac clinic with a normal measurement of his serum blood glucose level.

Conclusion
Non-diabetic hypoglycemia is a rare illness characterized by low blood glucose levels in people who do not have diabetes. Patients with severe hypoglycemia may become unconscious or have seizures as a result of low blood sugar. Severe hypoglycemia is fatal and must be treated as soon as possible. Therefore, if non-diabetic hypoglycemia occurs, a thorough evaluation of the causes is essential, particularly any potential drug as a cause of hypoglycemia should be evaluated.