bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the correlation between bioelectrical impedance analysis index and protein energy consumption in maintenance dialysis patients
Authors: Wang Weina , Meng Xinxuan , Liu Jiaojiao , Lou Xiaowei , Zhang Ping , He Peipei , Chen Jianghua , Yuan Jing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Protein-energy wasting (PEW) has been reported to be pretty common in maintenance dialysis patients. However, the existing PEW diagnostic standard is limited in clinical use due to the complexity of it. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), as a non-invasive nutritional assessment method, can objectively and quantitatively analyze the changes of body tissue components under different nutritional states. We aim to explore the association between PEW and BIA and establish a reliable diagnostic model of PEW.

Methods
We collected cross-sectional data of 609 maintenance dialysis patients at the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University. PEW was diagnosed according to International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM) criteria. Among them, 448 consecutive patients were included in the training set for the establishment of a diagnostic nomogram. 161 consecutive patients were included for internal validation. 52 patients from Zhejiang Hospital were included for external validation of the diagnostic model. Correlation analysis of BIA indexes with other nutritional indicators was performed. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of BIA indexes with PEW. 12 diagnostic models of PEW in maintenance dialysis patients were developed and the performance of them in terms of discrimination and calibration was evaluated using C statistics and Hosmer–Lemeshow-type χ2 statistics. After comparing to existing diagnostic models, and performing both internal and external validation, we finally established a simple but reliable PEW diagnostic model which may have great value of clinical application.

Results
A total of 609 individuals from First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University and 52 individuals from Zhejiang Hospital were included. After full adjustment, age, peritoneal dialysis (compared to hemodialysis), subjective global assessment (SGA, compared to non-SGA) and water ratio were independent risk factors, while triglyceride, urea nitrogen, calcium, ferritin, BCM, VFA and phase angle were independent protective factors of PEW. The model incorporated water ratio, VFA, BCM, phase angle and cholesterol revealed best performance. A nomogram was developed according to the results of model performance. The model achieved high C-indexes of 0.843 in the training set, 0.841 and 0.829 in the internal and external validation sets, respectively, and had a well-fitted calibration curve. The net reclassification improvement (NRI) showed 8%, 13%, 2%, 38%, 36% improvement of diagnostic accuracy of our model compared with “PEW score model”, “modified PEW score model”, “3-index model”, “SGA model” and “BIA decision tree model”, respectively.

Conclusions
BIA can be used as an auxiliary tool to evaluate PEW risk and may have certain clinical application value.
M2 macrophage-derived cathepsin S promotes peripheral nerve regeneration via fibroblast–Schwann cell-signaling relay
Authors: Oshima Eri , Hayashi Yoshinori , Xie Zhen , Sato Hitoshi , Hitomi Suzuro , Shibuta Ikuko , Urata Kentaro , Ni Junjun , Iwata Koichi , Shirota Tatsuo , Shinoda Masamichi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Although peripheral nerves have an intrinsic self-repair capacity following damage, functional recovery is limited in patients. It is a well-established fact that macrophages accumulate at the site of injury. Numerous studies indicate that the phenotypic shift from M1 macrophage to M2 macrophage plays a crucial role in the process of axon regeneration. This polarity change is observed exclusively in peripheral macrophages but not in microglia and CNS macrophages. However, the molecular basis of axonal regeneration by M2 macrophage is not yet fully understood. Herein, we aimed to identify the M2 macrophage-derived axon regeneration factor.

Methods
We established a peripheral nerve injury model by transection of the inferior alveolar nerve (IANX) in Sprague–Dawley rats. Transcriptome analysis was performed on the injured nerve. Recovery from sensory deficits in the mandibular region and histological reconnection of IAN after IANX were assessed in rats with macrophage depletion by clodronate. We investigated the effects of adoptive transfer of M2 macrophages or M2-derived cathepsin S (CTSS) on the sensory deficit. CTSS initiating signaling was explored by western blot analysis in IANX rats and immunohistochemistry in co-culture of primary fibroblasts and Schwann cells (SCs).

Results
Transcriptome analysis revealed that CTSS, a macrophage-selective lysosomal protease, was upregulated in the IAN after its injury. Spontaneous but partial recovery from a sensory deficit in the mandibular region after IANX was abrogated by macrophage ablation at the injured site. In addition, a robust induction of c-Jun, a marker of the repair-supportive phenotype of SCs, after IANX was abolished by macrophage ablation. As in transcriptome analysis, CTSS was upregulated at the injured IAN than in the intact IAN. Endogenous recovery from hypoesthesia was facilitated by supplementation of CTSS but delayed by pharmacological inhibition or genetic silencing of CTSS at the injured site. Adoptive transfer of M2-polarized macrophages at this site facilitated sensory recovery dependent on CTSS in macrophages. Post-IANX, CTSS caused the cleavage of Ephrin-B2 in fibroblasts, which, in turn, bound EphB2 in SCs. CTSS-induced Ephrin-B2 cleavage was also observed in human sensory nerves. Inhibition of CTSS-induced Ephrin-B2 signaling suppressed c-Jun induction in SCs and sensory recovery.

Conclusions
These results suggest that M2 macrophage-derived CTSS contributes to axon regeneration by activating SCs via Ephrin-B2 shedding from fibroblasts.
Decision regret among couples experiencing infertility: a mixed methods longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Cusatis Rachel , Johnson Colin , Schoyer Katherine D. , Tsaih Shirng-Wern , Balza Joanna , Sandlow Jay , Flynn Kathryn E. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Decisions for how to resolve infertility are complex and may lead to regret. We examined whether couples and individuals who sought a consultation from a reproductive specialist for infertility later expressed decisional regret about their family-building choices and whether regret was associated with parental role, family-building paths, or outcomes.

Methods
This longitudinal mixed methods study included women and their partners who completed a questionnaire prior to their initial consultation with a reproductive specialist and 6 years later. The six-year questionnaire included the Ottawa Decision Regret Scale referencing “the decisions you made about how to add a child to your family.” A score of 25+ indicates moderate-to-severe regret. Additional items invited reflections on family-building decisions, treatments, and costs. A systematic content analysis assessed qualitative themes.

Results
Forty-five couples and 34 individuals participated in the six-year questionnaire (76% retention rate), Half (n = 61) of participants expressed no regret, which was similar by role (median 0 for women and supporting partners, F = .08; p = .77). One in 5 women and 1 in 7 partners expressed moderate-to-severe regret. Women who did not pursue any treatment had significantly higher regret (median 15; F = 5.6, p < 0.01) compared to those who pursued IVF (median 0) or other treatments (median 0). Women who did not add a child to their family had significantly higher regret (median 35; F = 10.1, p < 0.001) than those who added a child through treatment (median 0), through fostering/adoption (median 0), or naturally (median 5). Among partners, regret scores were not associated with family-building paths or outcomes. More than one-quarter of participants wished they had spent less money trying to add a child to their family. Qualitative themes included gratitude for parenthood despite the burdensome process of family-building as well as dissatisfaction or regret about the process. Results should be confirmed in other settings to increase generalizability.

Conclusion
This longitudinal study provides new insight into the burden of infertility. For women seeking parenthood, any of the multiple paths to parenthood may prevent future decision regret. Greater psychosocial, financial, and decision support is needed to help patients and their partners navigate family-building with minimal regret.
Upper extremity asymmetry due to nerve injuries or central neurologic conditions: a scoping review
Authors: Bhat Sandesh G. , Shin Alexander Y. , Kaufman Kenton R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeripheral nerve injuries and central neurologic conditions can result in extensive disabilities. In cases with unilateral impairment, assessing the asymmetry between the upper extremity has been used to assess outcomes of treatment and severity of injury. A wide variety of validated and novel tests and sensors have been utilized to determine the upper extremity asymmetry. The purpose of this article is to review the literature and define the current state of the art for describing upper extremity asymmetry in patients with peripheral nerve injuries or central neurologic conditions.MethodAn electronic literature search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, OVID was performed for publications between 2000 to 2022. Eligibility criteria were subjects with neurological conditions/injuries who were analyzed for dissimilarities in use between the upper extremities. Data related to study population, target condition/injury, types of tests performed, sensors used, real-world data collection, outcome measures of interest, and results of the study were extracted. Sackett’s Level of Evidence was used to judge the quality of the articles.ResultsOf the 7281 unique articles, 112 articles met the inclusion criteria for the review. Eight target conditions/injuries were identified (Brachial Plexus Injury, Cerebral Palsy, Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s Disease, Peripheral Nerve Injury, Spinal Cord Injury, Schizophrenia, and stroke). The tests performed were classified into thirteen categories based on the nature of the test and data collected. The general results related to upper extremity asymmetry were listed for all the reviewed articles. Stroke was the most studied condition, followed by cerebral palsy, with kinematics and strength measurement tests being the most frequently used tests. Studies with a level of evidence level II and III increased between 2000 and 2021. The use of real-world evidence-based data, and objective data collection tests also increased in the same period.ConclusionAdequately powered randomized controlled trials should be used to study upper extremity asymmetry. Neurological conditions other than stroke should be studied further. Upper extremity asymmetry should be measured using objective outcome measures like motion tracking and activity monitoring in the patient’s daily living environment.
Alcohol-attributable mortality and alcohol control policy in the Baltic Countries and Poland in 2001–2020: an interrupted time-series analysis
Authors: Radišauskas Ričardas , Štelemėkas Mindaugas , Petkevičienė Janina , Trišauskė Justina , Telksnys Tadas , Miščikienė Laura , Gobina Inese , Stoppel Relika , Reile Rainer , Janik-Koncewicz Kinga , Zatonski Witold , Lange Shannon , Tran Alexander , Rehm Jürgen , Jiang Huan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The Baltic countries–Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia–are characterized by a high rate of fully alcohol-attributable mortality, compared with Poland. Alcohol control policy measures implemented since 2001 in the Baltic countries included a restriction on availability and an increase in excise taxation, among others. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the relationship between alcohol control policy implementation and alcohol-attributable mortality in the Baltic countries and Poland.

Methods
Alcohol-attributable mortality data for 2001–2020 was defined by codes 100% alcohol-attributable for persons aged 15 years and older in the Baltic countries and Poland. Alcohol control policies implemented between 2001 and 2020 were identified, and their impact on alcohol-attributable mortality was evaluated using an interrupted time-series methodology by employing a generalized additive model.

Results
Alcohol-attributable mortality was significantly higher in the Baltic countries, compared with Poland, for both males and females. In the final reduced model, alcohol control policy significantly reduced male alcohol-attributable mortality by 7.60% in the 12 months post-policy implementation. For females, the alcohol control policy mean-shift effect was higher, resulting in a significant reduction of alcohol-attributable mortality by 10.77% in the 12 months post-policy implementation. The interaction effects of countries and policy tested in the full model were not statistically significant, which indicated that the impact of alcohol control policy on alcohol-attributable mortality did not differ across countries for both males and females.

Conclusions
Based on the findings of the current study, alcohol control policy in the form of reduced availability and increased taxation was associated with a reduction in alcohol-attributable mortality among both males and females.
External context in individual placement and support implementation: a scoping review with abductive thematic analysis
Authors: Harkko Jaakko , Sipilä Noora , Nordquist Hilla , Lallukka Tea , Appelqvist-Schmidlechner Kaija , Donnelly Michael , Kouvonen Anne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Context including the external context may considerably affect the adoption, implementation, sustainment, and scale-up of evidence-based practices. We investigated external contextual features by conducting a scoping review of empirical research regarding the implementation of an evidence-based psychiatric or mental health vocational rehabilitation service called Individual Placement and Support (IPS).

Methods
The protocol for the scoping review was registered with the Open Science Framework. We used the methodology by Joanna Briggs Institute for conducting the scoping review and reported it according to the PRISMA-ScR checklist. We searched 12 databases for research regarding ‘Individual Placement and Support’ or ‘Evidence-Based Supported Employment’. We retained peer-reviewed empirical studies investigating external contextual factors and their impact on IPS implementation outcomes. We extracted data from the eligible articles and conducted descriptive and thematic analyses.

Results
Fifty-nine original research papers met our eligibility requirements and were retained after reviewing 1124 titles and abstracts and 119 full texts. The analysis generated two main themes: (1) external contextual determinants of service delivery and (2) external systems influencing the evidence-to-practice process. The first main theme encompassed policies and laws, financing, and administratively instituted support resources, and organizational arrangements associated with external stakeholders that may facilitate or hinder the local implementation. The second main theme comprised strategies and actions used by different stakeholders to facilitate implementation locally or scale-up efforts at a system level.

Discussion
Our scoping review illustrates the important role that external contextual factors play and how they may facilitate or hinder the implementation and scale-up of the IPS model across mental health services in different countries. Consideration of these factors by decision-makers in mental health and welfare services, planners, providers, and practitioners is likely to facilitate the development of effective strategies for bridging the evidence-practice gap in implementing the EBPs. Finally, the scoping review identified gaps in knowledge and offered suggestions for future research.

Trial registration
Open Science Framework
PINK1-PTEN axis promotes metastasis and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer via non-canonical pathway
Authors: Zheng Fang , Zhong Jiamin , Chen Kelie , Shi Yu , Wang Fang , Wang Shengchao , Tang Song , Yuan Xiaoyu , Shen Zhangjin , Tang Sangsang , Xia Dajing , Wu Yihua , Lu Weiguo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Ovarian cancer is commonly associated with a poor prognosis due to metastasis and chemoresistance. PINK1 (PTEN-induced kinase 1) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays a crucial part in regulating various physiological and pathophysiological processes in cancer cells.

Methods
The ATdb database and "CuratedOvarianData" were used to evaluate the effect of kinases on ovarian cancer survival. The gene expression in ovarian cancer cells was detected by Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR. The effects of gene knockdown or overexpression in vitro were evaluated by wound healing assay, cell transwell assay, immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry analysis. Mass spectrometry analysis, protein structure analysis, co-immunoprecipitation assay, nuclear-cytoplasmic separation, and in vitro kinase assay were applied to demonstrate the PINK1-PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) interaction and the effect of this interaction. The metastasis experiments for ovarian cancer xenografts were performed in female BALB/c nude mice.

Results
PINK1 was strongly associated with a poor prognosis in ovarian cancer patients and promoted metastasis and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells. Although the canonical PINK1/PRKN (parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase) pathway showed weak effects in ovarian cancer, PINK1 was identified to interact with PTEN and phosphorylate it at Serine179. Remarkably, the phosphorylation of PTEN resulted in the inactivation of the phosphatase activity, leading to an increase in AKT (AKT serine/threonine kinase) activity. Moreover, PINK1-mediated phosphorylation of PTEN impaired the nuclear import of PTEN, thereby enhancing the cancer cells’ ability to resist chemotherapy and metastasize.

Conclusions
PINK1 interacts with and phosphorylates PTEN at Serine179, resulting in the activation of AKT and the inhibition of PTEN nuclear import. PINK1 promotes ovarian cancer metastasis and chemotherapy resistance through the regulation of PTEN. These findings offer new potential therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer management.
Three-dimensional architecture of granulosa cell derived from oocyte cumulus complex, revealed by FIB-SEM
Authors: Shu Chongyi , Yu Yiqi , Xiaopan Chen  , Guo Jiansheng , Zhou Yier , Wu Dandan , Yang Tianyun , Fan Yuhang , Huang Qiongxiao , Shu Jing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe oocyte cumulus complex is mainly composed of an oocyte, the perivitelline space, zona pellucida and numerous granulosa cells. The cumulus granulosa cells (cGCs) provide a particularly important microenvironment for oocyte development, regulating its growth, maturation and meiosis. In this study, we studied the internal structures and cell-to-cell connections of mouse cGCs using focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM). We reconstructed three-dimensional models to display characteristic connections between the oocyte and cGCs, and to illustrate various main organelles in cGCs together with their interaction relationship. A special form of cilium identified in granulosa cell was never reported in previous literature.
High inter-laboratory variability in the assessment of HER2-low breast cancer: a national registry study on 50,714 Danish patients
Authors: Nielsen Kåre , Sode Michael , Jensen Maj-Britt , Berg Tobias , Knoop Ann , Ejlertsen Bent , Lænkholm Anne-Vibeke 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundConsidering the recent advancements in the treatment of breast cancer with low expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), we aimed to examine inter-laboratory variability in the assessment of HER2-low breast cancer across all Danish pathology departments.MethodsFrom the Danish Breast Cancer Group, we obtained data on all women diagnosed with primary invasive breast cancer in 2007–2019 who were subsequently assigned for curatively intended treatment.ResultsOf 50,714 patients, HER2 score and status were recorded for 48,382, among whom 59.2% belonged to the HER2-low group (score 1+ or 2+ without gene amplification), 26.8% had a HER2 score of 0, and 14.0% were HER2 positive. The proportion of HER2-low cases ranged from 46.3 to 71.8% among pathology departments (P < 0.0001) and from 49.3 to 65.6% over the years (P < 0.0001). In comparison, HER2 positivity rates ranged from 11.8 to 17.2% among departments (P < 0.0001) and from 12.6 to 15.7% over the years (P = 0.005). In the eight departments with the highest number of patients, variability in HER2-low cases increased from 2011 to 2019, although the same immunohistochemical assay was used. By multivariable logistic regression, the examining department was significantly related to both HER2 score 0 and HER2 positivity (P < 0.0001) but showed greater dispersion in odds ratios in the former case (range 0.25–1.41 vs. 0.84–1.27).ConclusionsOur data showed high inter-laboratory variability in the assessment of HER2-low breast cancer. The findings cast doubt on whether the current test method for HER2 is robust and reliable enough to select HER2-low patients for HER2-targeted treatment in daily clinical practice.
p63 orchestrates serine and one carbon metabolism enzymes expression in head and neck cancer
Authors: Cappello Angela , Tosetti Giulia , Smirnov Artem , Ganini Carlo , Yang Xue , Shi Yufang , Wang Ying , Melino Gerry , Bernassola Francesca , Candi Eleonora 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is characterized by high proliferation and limited differentiation. The altered expression of the p53 family members, and specifically of p63, represents a pivotal event in the pathogenesis of HNSCC. Physiologically, p63 affects metabolism through the direct transactivation of the enzyme hexokinase 2, and subsequently controls the proliferation of epithelial cells; nonetheless, its role in cancer metabolism is still largely unclear. The high energetic demand of cancer and the consequent needs of a metabolic reshape, also involve the serine and glycine catabolic and anabolic pathways, including the one carbon metabolism (OCM), to produce energetic compounds (purines) and to maintain cellular homeostasis (glutathione and S-adenosylmethionine).

Results
The involvement in serine/glycine starvation by other p53 family members has been reported, including HNSCC. Here, we show that in HNSCC p63 controls the expression of the enzymes regulating the serine biosynthesis and one carbon metabolism. p63 binds the promoter region of genes involved in the serine biosynthesis as well as in the one carbon metabolism. p63 silencing in a HNSCC cell line affects the mRNA and protein levels of these selected enzymes. Moreover, the higher expression of TP63 and its target enzymes, negatively impacts on the overall survival of HNSCC patients.

Conclusion
These data indicate a direct role of p63 in the metabolic regulation of HNSCC with significant clinical effects.