bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making social media applications inclusive for deaf end-users with access to sign language
Authors: Yeratziotis Alexandros , Achilleos Achilleas , Koumou Stavroulla , Zampas George , Thibodeau Regan A. , Geratziotis George , Papadopoulos George A. , Iasonas Iasonos , Kronis Christophoros 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSocial media apps such as WhatsApp, Messenger, Telegram and Viber are primary communication channels for most people today. Even within these Mainstream Social Media Applications, persons who are deaf are not provided with the rights and means to interact using sign language. This work, an outcome of the research project’ “Accessible System and Social Media Mobile Application for Deaf Users (ASM4Deaf)”, supports the inclusion of deaf end-users in social media applications. This was achieved via: 1) design and development of the ASM4Deaf system, which includes the Connect Deaf mobile application, enabling use of Sign Language Alphabet keyboards in social media apps in 17 different sign languages and 2) the evaluations of Low- and High-Fidelity prototypes aimed to enhance the app’s design and functionality, i.e. the ability to browse, search and edit animated videos/GIFs in the American Sign Language (ASL), using the face swapping feature. This makes the full set of features offered by social media applications accessible to deaf end-users and their personal network, which is the main contribution of this work. A Human-Centred Design methodology was employed, with the end-users at the heart of the process, to design and evaluate the Lo-Fi and Hi-Fi prototypes, and based on the evaluation results to develop the ASM4Deaf system and the Connect Deaf mobile application to fully meet the requirements of the deaf end-users.
The effects of pH on phosphorus utilisation by chickpea (Cicer arietinum)
Authors: Barrow N. J. , Parvin Subhechhya Ali , Debnath Abhijit 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is known to secrete organic anions. We investigated its effectiveness in obtaining P over a range of pH values.

Methods
We grew two cultivars of chickpea, supplied with either ammonium or nitrate nitrogen, at 10 levels of applied P, and at four initial pH values. We measured plant weight, P concentration in the tops, and rhizosphere pH. We compared the results with those previously obtained for lucerne (Medicago sativa), mustard (Brassica campestris) and rice (Oryza sativa).

Results
Above an initial pHCaCl2, of about 5, rhizosphere pH decreased; below this value it increased. The changes in pH were proportional to the amounts of P applied. They were greatest at high levels of applied P. Best growth occurred when the initial pHCaCl2 was 5.9 and when the rhizosphere pHCaCl2 was close to 5. Plots of growth against plant shoot P concentration showed little effect of low pH suggesting that aluminium toxicity was only of minor importance. Nevertheless, plant weight was severely depressed by low pH.

Conclusions
The mechanism of P uptake for chickpea seems to differ from that for lucerne, mustard and rice. The way that the charge on the phosphate ions is balanced seems to depend on the soil pH. Further, uptake is much more markedly depressed by at low pH.
Is too small always bad? the role of place attachment in harnessing location advantages
Authors: Stefano Amato , Zare Shahab , Nicola Lattanzi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDespite the economic significance of micro-enterprises, the empirical evidence on the contextual factors unlocking their growth potential is somewhat scant. This study pitches into this stream of research by linking micro-enterprises, agglomeration economies, and place attachment literature. Specifically, this research explores whether micro-enterprises benefit the most from the location in agglomerations and from having a local manager in charge of the business capturing the connections to the immediate surroundings. By drawing on secondary data from Italian manufacturing companies, our findings show that micro-enterprises are less productive than the larger ones and that having a local manager further exacerbates the productivity gap. However, the influence of place attachment on productivity reverts to positive when micro-enterprises dwell in agglomerated areas, where they are better positioned to capitalize on localization economies. Our study unveils the ambivalent effect of place attachment on productivity, allowing micro-enterprises mainly to achieve higher productivity gains from agglomerations. Theoretical contributions to contextualizing entrepreneurship research and micro-enterprises growth as well as policy and managerial implications are discussed.
Design principles to develop digital innovation skills: a design-based research approach
Authors: van den Berg Carolien , Bozalek Vivienne 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe digitisation of the world has led to a multitude of far-reaching implications that require students to be prepared for the dynamic era of rapid change, complexity, fluidity, and ubiquity in which they will work at the forefront of technology. To succeed in this environment, students must be able to design and implement digital innovations within the broader spectrum of digital transformation. Despite the importance of this area, the literature shows a lack of research on how digital business innovation skills can be effectively taught to students. To address this gap, a design-based research (DBR) study was conducted using a mixed-methods design through three iterations at a South African university. The study aimed to answer the research question of how digital business innovation skills should be taught to South African Information Systems students. The study commenced with an analysis of practical problems experienced by practitioners, industry, students, and researchers and an initial review of pertinent literature. The literature review focused on the impact of digitisation on future skills requirements to inform the pedagogy, content, and technology applicable to the teaching and learning environment. The findings yielded design principles for the design of the learning environment that were tested and refined via three iterations, resulting in nine design principles. The aim was to ensure a future-oriented, industry-informed curriculum design that is relevant to the digital economy.
Die voreingenommene Deutung des Unbekannten. Das Nichtwissensregime der Pandemieberatung und der Ausschluss der Sozialwissenschaften
Authors: Knobloch Jörn 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag setzt sich mit der wissenschaftlichen Politikberatung während der Anfangsphase der Coronakrise in Deutschland auseinander. Angesichts einer unbekannten virologischen Gefahr wurde Nichtwissen neu bewertet und das Verhältnis von resp. die Interaktion zwischen Politik und Wissenschaft neu organisiert. Jedoch zeigt sich bei der näheren Betrachtung der wissenschaftlichen Politikberatung, dass nur wenige Disziplinen eingebunden und die Sozialwissenschaften sogar weitgehend ignoriert wurden. Zur Erklärung dieser Einseitigkeit entwickelt der Beitrag die These, dass vor allem die Absicht zur Kontrolle des Nichtwissens in der Politik und der Wissenschaft für die weitgehende Ignoranz sozialwissenschaftlicher Expertise verantwortlich war. Dazu wird zunächst in den Zusammenhang von Wissen und Nichtwissen eingeführt und werden die verschiedenen Nichtwissensstrategien in Politik und Wissenschaft vorgestellt. Daraufhin wird die Dynamik der Interaktion wissenschaftlicher Politikberatung in den ersten Wellen der Pandemie rekonstruiert. Dabei wird erstens die Entstehung und Strukturierung der Beratung beschrieben und zweitens gezeigt, wie darin Nichtwissen (nicht) bearbeitet wurde. Die Ergebnisse der Rekonstruktion werden schließlich systematisiert im Hinblick auf die Entstehung eines Nichtwissensregimes, das für die Ungleichbehandlung verschiedener Wissenschaftsdisziplinen verantwortlich war und ist. Für zukünftige Konstellationen, so das Resümee, ist der Rückgriff auf kontextualisierende Nichtwissenskonzepte der Sozialwissenschaften zu empfehlen, zumal mit Blick auf Sekundärfolgen, die weit über das kurzfristige Interesse an der Infektionseindämmung hinausweisen.
Experimental Phase Equilibria and Liquidus of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-Na2O-B2O3 Slags Relevant to E-waste Processing
Authors: Islam Md Khairul , Somerville Michael , Pownceby Mark I. , Tardio James , Bhargava Suresh , Haque Nawshad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTernary master slags based on the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 system with CaO/SiO2 (C/S) ratio 0.3–1.0 were doped with 5–20 wt pct of anhydrous borax (Na2B4O7) to study the phase equilibria of the quinary CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-Na2O-B2O3 slag system within the temperature range 1050–1350 °C. This research uses the well-known method of high temperature equilibration of slags followed by rapid quenching. The quenched slag samples were examined using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Wavelength Dispersive Electron Probe Microanalysis (WD-EPMA) technique to determine the structure and to analyse the chemistry of the phases in equilibrium. The primary phase of 15 slag compositions was identified and the liquidus temperature of the slags were determined within an uncertainty range of ±10–20 °C by using an iterative approach. Overall, the liquidus temperature of slags decreased with increasing borax content with the highest liquidus reduction observed in slags having a C/S ratio 0.3 and the lowest in the slag series with C/S ratio of 1.0. A comparative analysis of the effect of borax, Na2O and B2O3 on the liquidus temperature of slags is discussed. Results indicated that although borax reduces the liquidus of ternary CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 slags, the addition of B2O3 individually showed more prominent effects than borax in reducing the slag liquidus. Anorthite (CaO.Al2O3.2SiO2), pseudowollastonite (CaO.SiO2) and gehlenite (2CaO.Al2O3.SiO2) primary phases were identified.
OAGB Bowel Function in Patients With up to 5 Years Follow-Up: Updated Outcomes
Authors: Rossoni Carina , Bragança Rossela , Santos Zélia , Viveiros Octávio , Ribeiro Rui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is considered an effective technique in weight reduction and remission of comorbidities. However, in common with many bariatric and metabolic/bariatric procedures, gastrointestinal side effects are frequently reported, but clinical experience varies. The objective of this study was to analyze the bowel function of patients who undergo OAGB looking at 5-year postoperative outcomes.

Method
This study is cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical, developed with individuals undergoing OAGB (n = 208) in yhe period between 2015 and 2020. The time periods evaluated were 1 to 6 months (T1), 6 to 12 months (T2), and 1 to 5 years (T3). Data analysis was performed using SPSS v.28.0, considering a significance level p ≤ 0.05.

Results
114 participants (54.8%), 79.8% women, mean age 47.0 ± 12.6 years, and BMI 40.1 ± 5.6 kg/m2, 51.9% dyslipidemia, 43.6% arterial hypertension, and 19.1% diabetes mellitus. The T1 group had more severe symptoms/nausea than the T2 group. The T2 group had a significantly lower defecation frequency than the T1 and T3 groups. As for the occurrence of diarrhea, associations were not found in the considered groups. The T3 group had a greater severity of constipation associated with greater difficulty in consuming red meat, white meat, rice, vegetables, and salads.

Conclusions
Gastrointestinal symptoms are prevalent in the first postoperative months. However, diarrhea was not common. The patient selection policy and surgical technique were decisive in this result. Constipation was prevalent in patients between 1 and 5 postoperative years. It was also prevalent in those who had food intolerance, which from a nutritional point of view is an adverse factor for optimal bowel function.

Graphical Abstract
Durchführung und Interpretation des multiplen Schlaflatenztests (MSLT) bei Erwachsenen
Authors: Veauthier Christian , Kallweit Ulf , Schulz Hartmut , Mathis Johannes , Geisler Peter , Zaremba Sebastian , de Almeida Schreck Renata N. B. , Hillberg Andrea , Todorova-Rudolph Anelia , Brandt Moritz , Heidbreder Anna , Mayer Geert ,   die AG Hypersomnie
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDer multiple Schlaflatenztest (MSLT) ist ein diagnostisches Instrument zur objektiven Bestimmung der Einschlafneigung am Tage. Er dient der Differentialdiagnostik der Narkolepsie, Hypersomnie und anderen Erkrankungen mit gesteigerter Tagesschläfrigkeit. Mittels Elektroenzephalographie, Elektromyographie des Kinns und Elektrookulographie werden in diesem Einschlaftest die durchschnittliche Einschlaflatenz sowie das Auftreten von REM-Schlaf, unter idealen Schlafbedingungen in einem abgedunkelten Raum mit der Aufforderung einzuschlafen, gemessen. Er wird tagsüber nach einer Polysomnographie in der vorausgehenden Nacht durchgeführt und besteht aus fünf standardisierten Testdurchgängen im Abstand von jeweils zwei Stunden. Medikamente, Schlafentzug sowie stimulierende Substanzen oder Aktivitäten können die Ergebnisse des Tests beeinflussen. Im Jahr 2021 wurde die MSLT-Leitlinie seitens der American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) aktualisiert. Der vorliegende Artikel stellt die aktualisierte Richtlinie vor und kommentiert diese.
In-vitro Antimicrobial Study of Non/irradiated Ylang-ylang Essential Oil Against Multi Drug Resistant Pathogens with Reference to Microscopic Morphological Alterations
Authors: Elkenawy Nora Mohamed , Soliman Mahmoud Abdel Wahab , El-behery Reham Rashad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEssential oils have proven to possess great potential in the field of biomedicine due to their ability to effectively eradicate a diverse range of pathogenic microbes. In this study, the antimicrobial activity of ylang-ylang essential oil (YY-EO) was screened against twelve multidrug-resistant pathogens. The YY-EO was effective up to 536 μg/ml, with the highest inhibition zone in case of S. aureus MMCC21 and Escherichia coli MMCC24. The least effect on both Bacillus cereus MMCC11 and Klebsiella pneumonia MMCC16. The major components of the essential oil were identified using GC–MS analysis. Different gamma irradiation doses against the YY-EO were evaluated as a tool of natural decontamination. Moreover, the antimicrobial assay after irradiation proved no significant changes regarding the antimicrobial activity before and after irradiation of EO at the applied dose. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for the EO against the tested pathogens was detected. The possible morphological changes in some of the bacterial and yeast cells at the recognized MIC and 2MIC were detected using the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results revealed a notable change in terms of both the microbial cell population and the morphology of the tested bacterial and yeast cells. The cytotoxicity of ylang-ylang EO was evaluated against normal skin tissue culture and showed a potential cytotoxic effect at concentrated doses. These results refer to the importance of YY-EO as a natural antimicrobial agent and the possible application of YY-EO as a surface decontaminant, but they also draw attention to the importance of the EO concentration used in different applications to avoid possible toxic effects.
Who studies religion? Towards a better conversation between Theology, Religious Studies, and Religious Education
Authors: Benoit Céline , Hutchings Tim 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper calls for better integration between the fields of Theology and Religious Studies (TRS) and Religious Education (RE). Positive reform in RE requires integration between educational theory, policy, and practice, but we argue that the academic study of theology and religion is too often an overlooked partner in these conversations. The separation of TRS from RE is damaging at all levels of the curriculum, undermining the rigour and critical depth of school syllabi, cutting TRS and RE specialists off from valuable intellectual discussion, and leaving university departments unprepared to properly support student progression. This destructive divergence has long been observed (e.g. Cush in Br J Relig Educ 21:137–146, 1999), but this paper proposes that the emerging paradigm of Religion and Worldviews Education (RWE) has encouraged important progress. The advent of RWE has generated new interest among RE specialists in the theory and practice of multidisciplinary TRS. It has also created space for TRS academics from many fields to engage with teachers and policymakers in productive conversations. To illustrate this argument, we highlight some examples of good practice and suggest future work through which links might be strengthened.
Solving stationary inverse heat conduction in a thin plate
Authors: Chepkorir Jennifer , Berntsson Fredrik , Kozlov Vladimir 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe consider a steady state heat conduction problem in a thin plate. In the application, it is used to connect two cylindrical containers and fix their relative positions. At the same time it serves to measure the temperature on the inner cylinder. We derive a two dimensional mathematical model, and use it to approximate the heat conduction in the thin plate. Since the plate has sharp edges on the sides the resulting problem is described by a degenerate elliptic equation. To find the temperature in the interior part from the exterior measurements, we formulate the problem as a Cauchy problem for stationary heat equation. We also reformulate the Cauchy problem as an operator equation, with a compact operator, and apply the Landweber iteration method to solve the equation. The case of the degenerate elliptic equation has not been previously studied in this context. For numerical computation, we consider the case where noisy data is present and analyse the convergence.
Revealing melt-vapor-powder interaction towards laser powder bed fusion process via DEM-CFD coupled model
Authors: Yuan Weihao , Chen Hui , Peng Chong , Lupoi Rocco , Yin Shuo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDuring the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process, powder spattering is a crucial phenomenon to consider. This primarily arises from the intense interaction between the laser and the material. The ensuing metal vapor, induced by the evaporation process, plays a pivotal role in instigating powder spatter, which significantly impacts the quality of the resultant part. One of the pressing challenges in the field is the capture and quantitative investigation of the interplay between the melt, vapor, and powder. Such lack of clarity impedes our path to achieving defect-minimized LPBF production. In this study, we propose a physics-based model that elucidates the integrated interaction of vapor, melt, and powder using a coupled DEM-CFD approach. Our findings indicate that the vapor flow undergoes four distinct states: initialization, continuation, transition, and interruption. These states correlate closely with the progression of vapor-induced depressions and powder spattering. As compared to the existing experimental data, our model provides a more precise and comprehensive understanding of vapor flow states and their associated velocity magnitudes. Furthermore, we identify three distinct patterns of powder spatter: inward, upward, and outward flows, where powder inward flow is mainly caused by shielding gas, while the upward and outward patterns are induced by metal vapor.
Financial literacy and its determinants and consequences: New survey evidence from Finland
Authors: Vaahtoniemi Saara , Buturak Gökhan , Kalmi Panu , Ruuskanen Olli-Pekka 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe examine financial literacy in Finland and its connection with various financial outcomes using novel survey data collected in 2023. While the overall Finnish financial literacy level is about average among the OECD countries, there is significant heterogeneity within the population. Women have lower financial literacy than men. The young and the old have lower financial literacy than respondents in their prime working age, and entrepreneurs have higher financial literacy than other groups. Financial literacy is also correlated with higher educational levels. We further study the relationship between financial literacy and a number of economic outcome variables. We find financial literacy to be negatively related to coping with a major expense, facing an income shock, and with perceived over-indebtedness. However, we do not find a statistically significant relationship between financial literacy and retirement planning in Finland.
Financial literacy and financial wellbeing: Evidence from Peru and Uruguay
Authors: Estrada-Mejia Catalina , Mejía Diana , Córdoba Paula 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we provide an analysis of financial literacy in Peru and Uruguay. We find that the knowledge of simple concepts at the basis of financial decision-making is low in both countries. Not only is financial illiteracy widespread, but it is particularly acute among women, rural populations, the less educated, low-income people, the self-employed, the not employed, younger people (in the case of Peru), and older people (in the case of Uruguay). We also find that financial literacy is linked to measures of financial wellbeing: those who are financially literate are more likely to be able to save and plan for retirement in both countries. In addition, we find a relationship between knowledge of specific concepts and key financial behaviors. Lastly, we find a relationship between financial literacy and financial resilience
Gray matter atrophy is constrained by normal structural brain network architecture in depression
Authors: Han Shaoqiang , Fang Keke , Zheng Ruiping , Li Shuying , Zhou Bingqian , Sheng Wei , Wen Baohong , Liu Liang , Wei Yarui , Chen Yuan , Chen Huafu , Cui Qian , Cheng Jingliang , Zhang Yong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is growing evidence that gray matter atrophy is constrained by normal brain network (or connectome) architecture in neuropsychiatric disorders. However, whether this finding holds true in individuals with depression remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between gray matter atrophy and normal connectome architecture at individual level in depression.MethodsIn this study, 297 patients with depression and 256 healthy controls (HCs) from two independent Chinese dataset were included: a discovery dataset (105 never-treated first-episode patients and matched 130 HCs) and a replication dataset (106 patients and matched 126 HCs). For each patient, individualized regional atrophy was assessed using normative model and brain regions whose structural connectome profiles in HCs most resembled the atrophy patterns were identified as putative epicenters using a backfoward stepwise regression analysis.ResultsIn general, the structural connectome architecture of the identified disease epicenters significantly explained 44% (±16%) variance of gray matter atrophy. While patients with depression demonstrated tremendous interindividual variations in the number and distribution of disease epicenters, several disease epicenters with higher participation coefficient than randomly selected regions, including the hippocampus, thalamus, and medial frontal gyrus were significantly shared by depression. Other brain regions with strong structural connections to the disease epicenters exhibited greater vulnerability. In addition, the association between connectome and gray matter atrophy uncovered two distinct subgroups with different ages of onset.ConclusionsThese results suggest that gray matter atrophy is constrained by structural brain connectome and elucidate the possible pathological progression in depression.