bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recurrence of common bile duct stones after endoscopic clearance and its predictors: A systematic review
Authors: Kozyk Marko , Giri Suprabhat , Harindranath Sidharth , Trivedi Manan , Strubchevska Kateryna , Barik Rakesh Kumar , Sundaram Sridhar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe primary therapeutic strategy for the management of bile duct stones (BDS) is endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. However, there may be a recurrence of BDS on follow‐up. Multiple risk factors have been studied for the prediction of BDS recurrence. We aimed to analyze the incidence of symptomatic BDS recurrence, systematically review the risk factors, and analyze the most important risk factors among those.MethodsA comprehensive search of three databases was conducted from inception to November 2022 for studies reporting the recurrence of BDS recurrence after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with clearance, along with an analysis of risk factors.ResultsA total of 37 studies with 12,952 patients were included in the final analysis. The pooled event rate for the recurrence of BDS stones was 12.6% (95% confidence interval: 11.2–13.9). The most important risk factor was a bile duct diameter ≥15 mm, which had a significant association with recurrence in twelve studies. Other risk factors with significant association with recurrence in three or more studies were the reduced angulation of the bile duct, the presence of periampullary diverticulum, type I periampullary diverticulum, in‐situ gallbladder with stones, cholecystectomy, multiple stones in the bile duct, use of mechanical lithotripsy, and bile duct stent placement.ConclusionAround one out of seven patients have BDS recurrence after the initial endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Bile duct size and anatomy are the most important predictors of recurrence. The assessment of risk factors associated with recurrence may help keep a close follow‐up in high‐risk patients.
Effects of videoconferencing use on momentary changes in disordered eating urges, body dissatisfaction, and mood
Authors: Portingale Jade , Kenny Jesy , Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz Matthew , Krug Isabel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic led to a global surge in videoconferencing use for work/study‐related reasons. Although these platforms heighten exposure to one's image, the implications of videoconferencing use on body image and eating concerns remain scantly examined. This study sought to investigate, in an Australian sample, whether videoconferencing for work/study‐related reasons predicted increases in body dissatisfaction (BD), urge to engage in disordered eating (DE; restrictive eating, exercise, overeating/purging), and negative mood at the state level. Participants (N = 482, 78.8% women, Mage = 20.5 years [SD = 5.3]) completed baseline demographic measures, accompanied by an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) of videoconferencing for work/study‐related reasons, BD, DE urges, and negative mood six times a day for 7 days via a smartphone application. Most participants (n = 429; 89.0%) reported state‐based videoconferencing use during the EMA phase. Consistent with expectations, state‐based videoconferencing use was associated with an increase in state‐level urges to engage in exercise. However, contrary to predictions, state‐based videoconferencing use was linked to a decrease in state‐level BD at the next assessment point and failed to predict negative mood and urges to engage in restrictive eating or overeating/purging at the state level. Given the simplified measure of videoconferencing use, the current research is considered preliminary and future replication and extension, using more nuanced measures, is warranted.
Aldose reductase (−106) C/T gene polymorphism and associated risk factors with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Palestine: A cross sectional study
Authors: Ereqat Suheir , Abdelhafez Mohammad , Iriqat Salam , Ghaleb Qusai , Abu Shams Amjaad , Abd Aldayem Omar , Ghattas Manal , Nasereddin Abdelmajeed 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsGenetic variants play a crucial role in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the relationship between aldose reductase (ALR2) (C106T) polymorphism with proliferative DR and associated risk factors in Palestinian type 2 diabetic patients.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted at St John Eye Hospital‐East Jerusalem in 2020−2021 on patients with DR. All subjects had fundus examination by ophthalmologists and classified according to the severity of retinopathy. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood samples and genotyped by amplicon based next generation sequencing.ResultsA total of 155 patients were included, of them, 103 (66.5%) were diagnosed with non‐proliferative DR (NPDR) and 52 (33.5%) with proliferative DR (PDR). The PDR group had a significantly lower median age (59.5 [IQR: 13.3]) compared to the NPDR group (62 [IQR: 11.5]) (p = 0.04). Additionally, the duration of diabetes was higher in the PDR group (20 [IQR: 9]) compared to the NPDR group (15 [IQR: 10]) (p < 0.001). Conversely, the mean value of diastolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the PDR group (79.2 ± 11.1) compared to the NPDR group (83.4 ± 10.3) (p = 0.02). Logistic regression analysis, revealed that the odds for patients with dyslipidemia to develop PDR were 2.74 times higher than those with NPDR (95% CI: 1.08−6.98) (p = 0.034). Furthermore, the probability of a patient with ≥20 years of diabetes to develop PDR was seven times higher than other patients (95% CI: 1.98−27.91) (p = 0.003). The genotypes distribution of ALR2 gene and its allele frequency showed no statistical differences between the two groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionsThe present study showed that duration of diabetes and dyslipidemia were strong indicators for PDR progression, while ALR2 (C106T) polymorphism was not associated with severity of DR.
Optimizing the childbirth experience: A pragmatic approach
Authors: Nicholson Wanda 
Published: October 2023

SynopsisIn our efforts to optimize the labor experience and mitigate childbirth‐associated disability and mortality, we offer a call to action to identify drivers of and provide solutions to rising cesarean delivery rates, provide equitable care to mothers requesting elective cesarean, improve the operative safety of indicated cesarean deliveries, and provide guidance on acute care decision‐making in the labor suite and referral to levels of care.
FIGO opinion paper: Drivers and solutions to the cesarean delivery epidemic with emphasis on the increasing rates in Africa and Southeastern Europe
Authors: Visser Gerard H. A. , Ubom Akaninyene Eseme , Neji Khaled , Nassar Anwar , Jacobsson Bo , Nicholson Wanda ,   the FIGO Childbirth and Postpartum Hemorrhage Committee*
Published: October 2023

AbstractCesarean delivery rates are rapidly increasing in Southeastern Europe (to more than 60%), North Africa (with a rate as high as 72% in Egypt), and in urban areas in Southern Africa (a rate of over 50% in Lagos, Nigeria). Data on the background to these increases are scarce, but likely to include poor birthing facilities in general hospitals, convenience for the doctor, private medicine, fear of litigation, socioeconomic status, shortage of midwives and nurses, and disappearance of vaginal instrumental deliveries. Options to reverse cesarean delivery trends are discussed. In this context there is a need to be better informed about how women are being counseled regarding vaginal or cesarean delivery. The long‐term consequences in subsequent pregnancies for mothers and children may well be largely ignored, while these risks are highest in LMICs where higher birth numbers are desired. FIGO has begun discussions with obstetric and gynecologic societies, healthcare bodies, and governments in several countries discussed in this article, to find ways to lower the cesarean delivery rate. The requests came from the countries themselves, which may prove beneficial in helping advance progress.
Scrotal epidermoid cysts penetrating the penile corpora cavernosa: Two case reports
Authors: Shimura Hiroshi , Sato Atsuko , Kira Satoru , Sawada Norifumi , Satoh Hiroyuki , Mitsui Takahiko 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionEpidermoid cysts are tumors and that rarely occur in intrascrotal extratesticular tissues. It is extremely rare for the tumors to penetrate the penile corpora cavernosa.Case presentationWe encountered a 4‐year‐old and a 6‐year‐old boy with intrascrotal tumors that penetrated the penile corpora cavernosa. Both the patients underwent tumor resection. In the former case, some of the tumor within the corpora cavernosa was left behind, while in the latter case, the tumor was completely resected. Pathological examination in both cases confirmed the diagnosis of epidermoid cysts.ConclusionWe should consider the possibility of epidermoid cysts in children presenting with intrascrotal tumors. Moreover, care should be taken when handling the corpora cavernosa during surgery.
An investigation on the effects of organic additives on CO2 capture performance of Na2CO3 solution
Authors: Wang Zhen , Han Zhitao , Liu Gang , Zhou Zelu , Wu Xi , Zhou Song , Pan Xinxiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe large‐scale practical application of CO2 capture using carbonate solutions is mainly limited by their low CO2 absorption rate. In view of this, it is feasible to improve CO2 capture performance of carbonate solution by adding additives. In this paper, low‐cost sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) solution was selected as the main CO2 absorbent, and the effects of different organic additives on CO2 capture performance of Na2CO3 solutions were systematically investigated.RESULTSThe results showed that 0.04 mol/L tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) could achieve a better enhancement effect on CO2 capture performance of Na2CO3 solution. After addition of TBAB, the maximum CO2 absorption rate of Na2CO3 solution was improved to 2.52 × 10−3 mol/min, which increased by 105%. And the maximum CO2 desorption rate could also be improved by 45%. TBAB/Na2CO3 system not only realized a high CO2 absorption capacity of 0.769 mol/mol, but also maintained 82% of the initial CO2 absorption capacity after three cyclic tests. The regeneration heat duty of TBAB/Na2CO3 solution was calculated to be 1136.6 kJ/mol, which was significantly lower than that of single Na2CO3 solution and conventional MEA aqueous solution. The promotion mechanism of TBAB in Na2CO3 solution was explored using Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis.CONCLUSIONThe introduction of TBAB additive could significantly improve CO2 capture performance of Na2CO3 solution and reduce regeneration heat duty, making it a possible option in the field of post‐combustion CO2 capture. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Balloon enteroscopy‐assisted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for asymptomatic common bile duct stones on surgically altered anatomy: A high risk factor for post‐endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis
Authors: Watanabe Masafumi , Okuwaki Kosuke , Iwai Tomohisa , Kida Mitsuhiro , Imaizumi Hiroshi , Adachi Kai , Tamaki Akihiro , Ishizaki Junro , Hanaoka Taro , Kusano Chika 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPost‐endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP) is more common in patients with asymptomatic common bile duct stones (CBDSs) and normal anatomy than in those with symptomatic CBDS; however, studies on the effect of surgically altered anatomy are lacking. We aimed to investigate whether asymptomatic CBDS in balloon enteroscopy‐assisted ERCP cases for surgically altered anatomy also has a high incidence of PEP and analyze the risk factors for PEP.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 108 consecutive patients who underwent initial ERCP for CBDS with surgically altered anatomies and with naive papilla at Kitasato University Hospital from April 2015 to December 2022.ResultsStudy participants were as follows: 92 (85%) patients with symptomatic CBDS and 16 (15%) patients asymptomatic CBDS. The overall bile duct cannulation success rate was 89.8%, with PEP occurring in 7.4% of patients (symptomatic CBDS: 3.3%, asymptomatic CBDS: 31.3%). PEP incidence was significantly higher for asymptomatic CBDS (p = .0017). Multivariate analysis identified asymptomatic CBDS and precut sphincterotomy as significant risk factors for PEP.ConclusionsAsymptomatic CBDS may be a risk factor for PEP onset in balloon enteroscopy‐assisted ERCP with surgically altered anatomy. Therefore, the procedure should be performed after obtaining sufficient informed consent and adequate preparation.
Modelling temperature‐precipitation pressures on African timber heritage
Authors: Richards Jenny , Brimblecombe Peter , Engelstaedter Sebastian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractClimate parameters can be refined for use in a heritage context to capture climate‐based deterioration processes occurring on buildings and sites. The Scheffer index, which combines temperature and rainfall components, is commonly used as a metric of wood decay risk. Understanding how the index is likely to change is important for developing effective conservation strategies for timber heritage. However, there has been limited research assessing the agreement between climate model outputs for such heritage‐based metrics. This is especially important where capturing projected rainfall is known to be problematic, such as over regions of Africa. We address the following questions: to what extent is there model agreement over continental Africa for (i) the magnitude of the Scheffer index and (ii) the direction of change of future Scheffer indices. A multi‐model ensemble (MME) approach was used utilizing 13 CMIP6 models under the SPS585 scenario. Results showed that rainfall was important in determining the magnitude of the index. In regions where rainfall systems are not well captured by climate models, such as in eastern Africa, there was a large range in projected Scheffer values. To help with the transferability of the index to regions with a tropical climate, we suggest the addition of a Scheffer threshold for a very‐high risk of deterioration. Projections of future change to the index were found to be predominantly driven by changes in temperature, rather than rainfall. While there was considerable disagreement in the simulated magnitude of the Scheffer index, there was good agreement between models over the direction of change across Equatorial Africa, where the Scheffer index is greatest. Such agreement between models suggests that heritage decision makers can utilize the direction of change projected by models when shaping future conservation plans.
Influence of PEG‐PLGA nanoparticles on the pore structure of injectable and self‐healing hydrogels based on carboxymethyl chitosan/aldehyde sodium hyaluronate for prolonged sustained release of valsartan
Authors: Gao Chihao , Pan Lixia , Song Jie , Wei Min , Sun Haozhi , Su Feng , Shen Xin , Li Suming 
Published: October 2023

AbstractValsartan is almost insoluble, resulting in very low bioavailability. Preparing prolonged sustained‐release systems to achieve valsartan drug delivery is essential. Herein, two types of poly(ethylene glycol)‐b‐poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PEG‐PLGA) nanoparticles loading valsartan and carboxymethyl chitosan/aldehyde sodium hyaluronate hydrogels were prepared. The nanoparticles and hydrogel composites(NPs@Gel) were obtained by physical mixing. The NPs@Gel composites have swelling ratios within the scope from 157.87% to 206.51% and mass loss within the scope from 12.85% to 17.32%, influenced by incorporating PEG‐PLGA nanoparticles. Moreover, the NPs@Gel composites had properties of self‐healing and injection proven by rheological measurements. Importantly, adding nanoparticles could significantly reduce the swelling ratios of the hydrogels by shrinking the void fraction and enhancing the mechanical properties. Meanwhile, NPs@Gel composites also present excellent biocompatibility as evidenced by hemolysis test and MTT assay. Therefore, a potential prolonged sustained‐release system of NPs@Gel for the delivery of valsartan was achieved.
Mobility and self‐care outcomes in patients with a bariatric comorbidity during inpatient rehabilitation
Authors: Bines Kelcey , Strehlow Elizabeth , Gray Elizabeth , Nettnin Ella , Stoff Laura , Rafferty Miriam R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveFirst, we describe the characteristics and functional outcomes of obese and bariatric patients in an inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF). Second, we assessed differences in functional outcomes for bariatric, obese, and standard weight body mass index (BMI) groups. Third, we explored whether these characteristics differ between time periods and diagnostic groups.DesignA retrospective study comparing electronic medical record data collected in 2016 and 2018, using a repeated cross‐sectional cohort design.SettingIRF.ParticipantsIndividuals ≥18 years of age diagnosed with brain injury, medical complexity, general neurology, orthopedic, spinal cord injury (SCI), and stroke. Participants grouped as standard (BMI <30 kg/m2), obese (BMI 30–39 kg/m2), and bariatric (BMI ≥40 kg/m2) weights. (N = 2015 in 2016, N = 2768 in 2018.)InterventionsPatients received standard inpatient rehabilitation. In 2018, clinicians had access to new weight‐appropriate equipment.Main Outcome MeasuresDischarge destination; length of stay (LOS) by BMI group and medical diagnoses; item‐specific functional independence measure (FIM) change scores.ResultsSixty‐four percent to 67% of all BMI groups achieved a home discharge. The bariatric BMI group had a longer LOS (21 days) than the standard or obese groups. There was a significant interaction in a linear regression analysis between diagnosis and LOS, where LOS was longer in medically complex patients with bariatric BMI (19.3 days compared to 16.1 days) but shorter in bariatric patients with SCI (20.6 days) compared to standard weight patients (26.2 days). In 2018, the bariatric BMI group had greater average FIM change scores for bathing, lower body dressing, toilet transfers, and bed transfers.ConclusionsPatient BMI is associated with LOS in the IRF, although affected by diagnosis. Patients with higher BMIs can make changes in specific individual motor FIM items. For patients with bariatric BMIs, FIM change scores were higher in 2018, possibly due to the use of equipment and facilities designed for higher weight capacities.
A new framework for predicting and understanding flowering time for crop breeding
Authors: Deva Chetan , Dixon Laura , Urban Milan , Ramirez‐Villegas Julian , Droutsas Ioannis , Challinor Andrew 
Published: October 2023

Societal Impact StatementAs the growing season changes, the development of climate resilient crop varieties has emerged as a crucial adaptation in agricultural systems. Breeding new varieties for a changing climate requires enhanced capacity to predict the complex interactions between genotype and environment that determine flowering time. Hundreds of experiments with observations of flowering, the environment and plant genetics were used to build a model that can predict when a variety of common bean is going to flower. This model will help breeders to explore the phenological characteristics of their germplasm, speeding up selection for climate adaptation.Summary

There is an urgent need to accelerate crop breeding for adaptation to a changing climate. As the growing season changes, crop improvement programmes must ensure that the phenological characteristics of the varieties they develop remain well suited to their target population of environments.
Meeting this challenge will require a clear understanding of how existing germplasm behave across Genotype ∗ Environment (G ∗ E) to enhance the efficiency of selection. Recent work calls for the development of simple models that can accurately simulate genotypic variation in key traits across target population of environments.
Accordingly, we develop a simple machine learning framework for modelling time to flowering across G ∗ E and apply this to common bean in an equatorial target population of environments. Within this framework, we test three machine learning models and find that the best performing models display high levels of accuracy across G ∗ E.
We advance understanding of the environmental drivers of flowering time in equatorial conditions by showing that thermal time and accumulated evaporation are powerful predictors of flowering time across all three models.
Surface‐Plasmon‐Polaritons for Reversible Assembly of Gold Nanoparticles, In Situ Nanogap Tuning, and SERS
Authors: Ghanashyam Cheviri , Sinha Rajeev K. , Bankapur Aseefhali 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA transportable reversible assembly of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in an aqueous environment addresses the need for in situ surafce‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) hotspot creation for biological applications. Usually, light‐directed AuNP assembly methods use higher laser powers and surfactants and are, hence, unsuitable for biological applications. Here, surface plasmon polaritons‐assisted dynamic assembly of AuNPs are demonstrated at laser power density as low as 100 nW µm−2. The AuNP assembly with multiple controllable hotspots is generated in an Au–water interface for solution‐based SERS measurements. The major advantage of the method is that the interparticle nanogap is tunable to achieve analyte and AuNP‐specific optimum SERS enhancement. The SERS intensity is reproducible on multiple reassembly cycles and assembly attempts, proving repeatability in the produced nanogap pattern. The assembly experiments reveal the influence of AuNP surface charge and the resulting polarizability on the SPP forces. The developed system and method can detect sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) dye molecules at concentrations as low as 10−10 m. Further, the SERS measurements on double‐stranded DNA suggest that the molecules are oriented in a fashion to expose adenosine to the enhanced field, leading to its dominance in the recorded spectra.
Interplay between pond size and matrix extent drives odonate diversity patterns in a fragmented landscape
Authors: Deacon Charl , Samways Michael J. , Pryke James S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLandscape fragmentation impacts freshwater habitats and their quality, affecting aquatic insect assemblages. Adjacent terrestrial areas are important secondary habitats where amphibiotic insects mature, feed, find mates, and move to locate aquatic breeding habitats. Using a factorial design with 27 small and large ponds within small and large natural patches in an exotic tree plantation-fragmented landscape of South Africa, and odonates as model organisms, we investigated (1) how pond size/natural terrestrial patch size interaction affects odonate diversity patterns versus habitat quality variables, and (2) determined whether anisopterans and zygopterans respond differently to landscape fragmentation. Species richness was similar among ponds. However, odonate abundance was highest in large ponds regardless of natural terrestrial patch size. Zygopteran functional richness and diversity was driven by pond and natural patch size, suggesting that zygopterans are sensitive to landscape fragmentation. In contrast, anisopterans were more resilient to fragmentation and more likely to select suitable habitats following water chemistry and vegetation characteristics. Overall, large ponds were occupied by different odonate assemblages compared to small ponds, and occupancy was strongly associated with mobility traits. These findings emphasize that ponds in both small and large natural terrestrial patches have conservation value. A pondscape that represents various pond sizes is important for maintaining regional odonate diversity. Pond conservation needs to be considered in the wider terrestrial context, which host a range of important secondary habitats. Adjacent natural terrestrial habitats also connect nearby aquatic habitats, which enable insects to move across the landscape in response to natural and artificial drivers.