bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic Hypertension and the Risk of Readmission for Postpartum Cardiovascular Complications
Authors: Rosenfeld Emily B. , Brandt Justin S. , Fields Jessica C. , Lee Rachel , Graham Hillary L. , Sharma Ruchira , Ananth Cande V. 
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE:
Preeclampsia is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD, including heart disease and stroke) along the life course. However, whether exposure to chronic hypertension in pregnancy, in the absence of preeclampsia, is implicated in CVD risk during the immediate postpartum period remains poorly understood. Our objective was to estimate the risk of readmission for CVD complications within the calendar year after delivery for people with chronic hypertension.

METHODS:
The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's Nationwide Readmission Database (2010–2018) was used to conduct a retrospective cohort study of patients aged 15–54 years. International Classification of Diseases codes were used to identify patients with chronic hypertension and postpartum readmission for CVD complications within 1 year of delivery. People with CVD diagnosed during pregnancy or delivery admission, multiple births, or preeclampsia or eclampsia were excluded. Excess rates of CVD readmission among patients with and without chronic hypertension were estimated. Associations between chronic hypertension and CVD complications were determined from Cox proportional hazards regression models.

RESULTS:
Of 27,395,346 delivery hospitalizations that resulted in singleton births, 2.0% of individuals had chronic hypertension (n=544,639). The CVD hospitalization rate among patients with chronic hypertension and normotensive patients was 645 (n=3,791) per 100,000 delivery hospitalizations and 136 (n=37,664) per 100,000 delivery hospitalizations, respectively (rate difference 508, 95% CI 467–549; adjusted hazard ratio 4.11, 95% CI 3.64–4.66). The risk of CVD readmission, in relation to chronic hypertension, persisted for 1 year after delivery.

CONCLUSION:
The heightened CVD risk as early as 1 month postpartum in relation to chronic hypertension underscores the need for close monitoring and timely care after delivery to reduce blood pressure and related complications.
Intravenous Calcium to Decrease Blood Loss During Intrapartum Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Ansari Jessica R. , Yarmosh Alla , Michel Guillermina , Lyell Deirdre , Hedlin Haley , Cornfield David N. , Carvalho Brendan , Bateman Brian T. 
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate whether prophylactic administration of 1 g of intravenous calcium chloride after cord clamping reduces blood loss from uterine atony during intrapartum cesarean delivery.

METHODS:
This single-center, block-randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind superiority trial compared the effects of 1 g intravenous calcium chloride with those of saline placebo control on blood loss at cesarean delivery. Parturients at 34 or more weeks of gestation requiring intrapartum cesarean delivery after oxytocin exposure in labor were enrolled. Calcium or saline placebo was infused over 10 minutes beginning 1 minute after umbilical cord clamping in addition to standard care with oxytocin. The primary outcome was quantitative blood loss, analyzed by inverse Gaussian regression. Planned subgroup analysis excluded nonatonic bleeding, such as hysterotomy extension, arterial bleeding, and occult placenta accreta. We planned to enroll 120 patients to show a 200-mL reduction in quantitative blood loss in planned subgroup analysis, assuming up to 40% incidence of nonatonic bleeding (80% power, α<0.05).

RESULTS:
From April 2022 through March 2023, 828 laboring parturients provided consent and 120 participants were enrolled. Median blood loss was 840 mL in patients allocated to calcium chloride (n=60) and 1,051 mL in patients allocated to placebo (n=60), which was not statistically different (mean reduction 211 mL, 95% CI −33 to 410). In the planned subgroup analysis (n=39 calcium and n=40 placebo), excluding cases of surgeon-documented nonatonic bleeding, calcium reduced quantitative blood loss by 356 mL (95% CI 159–515). Rates of reported side effects were similar between the two groups (38% calcium vs 42% placebo).

CONCLUSION:
Prophylactic intravenous calcium chloride administered during intrapartum cesarean delivery after umbilical cord clamping did not significantly reduce blood loss in the primary analysis. However, in the planned subgroup analysis, calcium infusion significantly reduced blood loss by approximately 350 mL. These data suggest that this inexpensive and shelf-stable medication warrants future study as a novel treatment strategy to decrease postpartum hemorrhage, the leading global cause of maternal morbidity and mortality.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT 05027048.
Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis: a 2023 update
Authors: Moretti Michele , Ferro Francesco , Baldini Chiara , Mosca Marta , Talarico Rosaria 
Published: November 2023

Purpose of review
Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (CV) is an immune complex mediated small vessel vasculitis characterized by the presence of cryoglobulins in serum, often associated with hepatitis C infection, systemic autoimmune diseases or hematological conditions. The focus of this review is to provide an update on new insights into pathogenesis, epidemiology and therapies of infectious and noninfectious type II and type III CV.

Recent findings
The introduction of new antiviral drugs for treatment of hepatitis C infection implied major changes in HCV-related CV, allowing to shed new lights on CV pathogenesis and mechanisms of relapse and, therefore, to increase the relevance of autoimmune diseases in CV epidemiology. Specific B-cell clones are involved in the production of pathogenic immune complexes that leads to small-vessel vasculitis. Therefore, both antiviral treatments [direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) and oral nucleot(s)ide analogues] and targeted anti-CD20 therapies (rituximab) prove to be safe and effective options, leading to a better prognosis. Association of Sjögren syndrome and CV defines a specific phenotype of patients, characterized by severe manifestations and poor outcome.

Summary
Removing viral stimulation on B-cells through direct-acting antivirals and blocking B-cells proliferation and differentiation with rituximab are the goals of treatment of CV. However, further research is needed to identify prognostic factors of refractory and relapsing disease.
MicroRNAs for detecting occult genitourinary cancer
Authors: Tavares Nuno Tiago , Lobo João , Bagrodia Aditya 
Published: November 2023

Purpose of review
Genitourinary (GU) malignancies are a real burden in global health worldwide. Each model has its own clinical challenges, and the early screening and/or detection of occult cancer in follow-up is transversal to all of them. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as minimally invasive liquid biopsy cancer biomarkers, due to their stability and low degradation.

Recent findings
The different GU tumor models are in different stages concerning miRNAs as biomarkers for cancer detection. Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) already have a specific defined target, miR-371a-3p, that has shown high sensitivity and specificity in different clinical settings, and is now in final stages of preanalytical testing before entering the clinic. The other GU malignancies are in a different stage, with many liquid biopsy studies (both in urine and plasma/serum) being currently performed, but there is not an agreeable miRNA or set of miRNAs that is ready to follow the footsteps of miR-371a-3p in TGCTs.

Summary
Further studies with proper molecular characterization of miRNA profiles of GU malignancies and standardization of sampling, biobanking and formal analysis may aid in the advance and choosing of specific target sets to be used for occult cancer detection.
Nociceptive and Transcriptomic Responses in a Swine Diabetic Wound Model Treated With a Topical Angiotensin 1 Receptor Antagonist
Authors: Weiss Miriam N. , Mocci Evelina , Zhu Shijun , Davenport Matthew J. , English Emily , Renn Cynthia L. , Dorsey Susan G. 
Published: November 2023

Background
Painful, treatment-resistant wounds are prevalent among diabetic patients and significantly affect health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Topical treatments may help alleviate pain without risk of dependence or side effects. However, there is a lack of topical wound compounds targeting pain-specific receptors. One possible target is proinflammatory angiotensin 1 receptor (AT1R), which is upregulated in diabetic skin and has been implicated in nociception.

Objectives
We investigated the effects of topical valsartan, an AT1R antagonist, on pain (nociceptive thresholds) and gene expression changes (transcriptomics) in a swine model of diabetic wounds.

Methods
Eight wounds were surgically induced in diabetic, hyperglycemic Yucatan miniature swine (n = 4). Topical AT1R antagonist was applied to wounds on one side and vehicle on the other side. Nocifensive testing was conducted at baseline and then weekly, beginning 7 days after wound induction. Mechanical and thermal stimuli were applied to the wound margins until a nocifensive reaction was elicited or a predetermined cutoff was reached. After 7 weeks of testing, tissue from the dorsal horn, dorsal root ganglion, and wounds were sequenced and analyzed with DESeq2. Unbiased pathway analyses using Metascape were conducted on differentially expressed genes.

Results
There was no significant difference in mechanical tolerance threshold between AT1R antagonist-treated and vehicle-treated wounds (p = .106). Thermal tolerance was significantly higher in AT1R antagonist-treated wounds compared to vehicle-treated (p = .015). Analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed enriched pathways of interest: interleukin-18 signaling in dorsal horn laminae IV–V and sensory perception of mechanical stimulus in wound tissue.

Discussion
In this study, wounds modeling diabetic ulcers were created in hyperglycemic swine and treated with a topical AT1R antagonist. AT1R-antagonist-treated wounds had a higher tolerance threshold than vehicle-treated wounds for thermal hyperalgesia, but not mechanical allodynia. Pathway analyses of differentially expressed genes revealed several pathways of interest for future pain research. Although further studies are needed to confirm the findings, this study can improve nursing care by providing information about a potential future treatment that may be used to decrease pain and improve HRQOL in patients with diabetic wounds.
Investigating factors that affect the willingness to adopt peer-to-peer short-term insurance in South Africa
Authors: Dörfling Daniel Francois , Godspower-Akpomiemie Euphemia 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThis study aims to identify the propensity for clients (legal and natural persons) to adopt peer-to-peer (P2P) short-term insurance policies as opposed to traditional and/or centralized short-term.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper data was collected through a survey of 102 sampled short-term insurance clients using convenience sampling. The TAM2 questionnaire was adapted to evaluate the intention to adopt a P2P insurance policy.FindingsThe findings of this study shed light on the factors influencing the adoption and (dis)continuation of short-term insurance products, both traditional and digital, among South African consumers. The results demonstrate that perceived usefulness, ease of use, trust, risk perception and subjective norm play crucial roles in individuals' intention to use or (dis)continue the use of these insurance products.Practical implicationsThe study's findings provide actionable insights for practitioners in the short-term insurance sector, with a focus on marketers and e-commerce professionals. These insights emphasize the need to prioritize user-friendly design and trust-building measures in the development of P2P insurance systems. Additionally, practitioners should consider harnessing the power of social influence and carefully balancing innovative features with familiarity in their marketing efforts. These strategies are poised to enhance the adoption and competitive positioning of P2P insurance solutions amidst the evolving landscape of digital transformation.Originality/valueThis study makes a substantial contribution by employing the technology acceptance model (TAM) in a novel and unconventional manner. It not only explicates the intricate dynamics governing the adoption and discontinuation of short-term insurance products, encompassing both conventional and digital alternatives, within the South African consumer milieu but also extends its purview to infer the reasons behind the limited widespread adoption of the digital counterpart, despite its superior value proposition compared to the traditional offering. The findings elucidate the critical determinants shaping individuals' decisions in this dynamic market segment. This research enhances the global discourse on insurance adoption with a unique South African perspective and furnishes insurers and marketers with empirically grounded insights to optimize their strategies and cultivate substantive connections with their target demographic.
Numerical simulation of mechanical characteristics and tension-torsion coupling effect of tension-type anchor cable
Authors: Meng Xin , Ren Qingyang , Xiao Songqiang , Chen Bin , Li Hongfei 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to simulate the tension process of tension-type anchor cable and to explore the mechanical characteristics and tension-torsion coupling effect of anchor cable subjected to tension.Design/methodology/approachABAQUS numerical software is applied to construct the numerical models of tension-type anchor cables with different diameters. Through explicit contact, the characteristics of contact between grouting body-anchor cable and grouting body-rock mass are determined. Confining pressure is applied to the model through surface pressure, and drawing force is applied to the model by displacement loading so as to simulate the tension process of the anchor cable.FindingsThe results show that the stress is transmitted in both axial and radial directions in the anchorage section and distributed in a cone. The shear stress in the grouting body is unevenly distributed, and its peak value increases with the rise in confining pressure and anchor cable diameter. The stress characteristics of torque and axial force are basically consistent and evenly distributed in the free section; they gradually decrease in the anchorage section. Due to the tension-torsion coupling effect, the internal stress characteristics of the anchor cable structure vary. On average, the anchorage performance of each anchor cable model is improved by 6.19%.Originality/valueThe proposed method of numerical modelling is effective in addressing the interface contact between the anchor cable and the grouting body and in solving the problem with convergence of calculation. Compared with the indoor test, this method is more suited to collecting the internal mechanical data of the anchor body.
An intuitionistic fuzzy grey-Markov method with application to demand forecasting for emergency supplies during major epidemics
Authors: Wang Zhiying , Jia Hongmei 
Published: November 2023

PurposeForecasting demand of emergency supplies under major epidemics plays a vital role in improving rescue efficiency. Few studies have combined intuitionistic fuzzy set with grey-Markov method and applied it to the prediction of emergency supplies demand. Therefore, this article aims to establish a novel method for emergency supplies demand forecasting under major epidemics.Design/methodology/approachEmergency supplies demand is correlated with the number of infected cases in need of relief services. First, a novel method called the Intuitionistic Fuzzy TPGM(1,1)-Markov Method (IFTPGMM) is proposed, and it is utilized for the purpose of forecasting the number of people. Then, the prediction of demand for emergency supplies is calculated using a method based on the safety inventory theory, according to numbers predicted by IFTPGMM. Finally, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, a comparative analysis is conducted between IFTPGMM and four other methods.FindingsThe results show that IFTPGMM demonstrates superior predictive performance compared to four other methods. The integration of the grey method and intuitionistic fuzzy set has been shown to effectively handle uncertain information and enhance the accuracy of predictions.Originality/valueThe main contribution of this article is to propose a novel method for emergency supplies demand forecasting under major epidemics. The benefits of utilizing the grey method for handling small sample sizes and intuitionistic fuzzy set for handling uncertain information are considered in this proposed method. This method not only enhances existing grey method but also expands the methodologies used for forecasting demand for emergency supplies.Highlights (for review)An intuitionistic fuzzy TPGM(1,1)-Markov method (IFTPGMM) is proposed.The safety inventory theory is combined with IFTPGMM to construct a prediction method.Asymptomatic infected cases are taken to forecast the demand for emergency supplies.
Carbon emissions reduction and tax evasion behaviour: a trade-off between environmental goals and economic feasibility
Authors: Yamen Ahmed , Mersni Hounaida 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the impact of carbon emissions (carbon dioxide [CO2]) reduction on tax evasion behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses data from 200 countries from 2000 to 2017. The empirical analysis is based on various methodological tools, including ordinary least-squares model, fixed- and random-effects models. In addition, GMM and linear mixed model has been used for robustness purposes.

Findings
The results show that carbon emissions reduction significantly affects tax evasion behaviour; when carbon emissions decrease, tax evasion behaviour increases. This indicates that the reduction of CO2 emissions is linked to significant costs, placing a financial burden on companies and leading them to evade taxes to counterbalance these costs.

Practical implications
This study has important implications, as it highlights that the efforts made by countries to minimize CO2 emissions are associated with high costs and may lead to increased tax evasion, potentially contributing to countries’ budget deficits. The results provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to implement effective environmental and fiscal regulations that contribute to a sustainable and eco-friendly future. These regulations can help maintain a balance between improving economic growth and ensuring the protection of the environment.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to test the impact of carbon emissions on tax evasion using macro-level data.
Family firm entrepreneurial orientation: the effects of socio-emotional wealth, professionalization and bifurcation bias
Authors: Rosecká Nikola , Machek Ondřej 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the effects of socio-emotional wealth importance (SEWi) in family firms and family firm-specific HR practices, namely professionalization and bifurcation bias, on their entrepreneurial orientation (EO).Design/methodology/approachThe paper surveyed 133 small and medium-sized family firms in the USA. The respondents were recruited through Prolific Academic.FindingsWhen SEWi is low, a family firm becomes more similar to a non-family firm, thereby enjoying the benefits associated with EO. When SEWi is high, a family firm leverages the unique resources and capabilities specific to family firms. Moderate SEWi levels are associated with lower EO levels. Additionally, the results support the argument that professionalization (involving non-family managers, formalization and decentralization) fosters EO, while bifurcation bias hinders its development.Originality/valueUnlike previous studies, this paper posits a non-linear, U-shaped relationship between SEWi and EO. It contributes to the field by empirically investigating the effects of professionalization and bifurcation bias on EO in family firms.
Effects of technical and security factors on grid electricity reliability: evidence from Uganda national electricity grid network
Authors: Migisha Adella Grace , Ntayi Joseph Mapeera , Adaramola Muyiwa S. , Buyinza Faisal , Senyonga Livingstone , Abaliwano Joyce 
Published: November 2023

PurposeAn unreliable supply of grid electricity has a strong negative impact on industrial and commercial profitability as well as on household activities and government services that rely on electricity supply. This unreliable grid electricity could be a result of technical and security factors affecting the grid network. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of technical and security factors on the transmission and distribution of grid electricity in Uganda.Design/methodology/approachThis study used the ordinary least squares (OLS) and autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models to examine the effects of technical and security factors on grid electricity reliability in Uganda. The study draws upon secondary time series monthly data sourced from the Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Limited (UETCL) government utility, which transmits electricity to both distributors and grid users. Additionally, data from Umeme Limited, the largest power distribution utility in Uganda, were incorporated into the analysis.FindingsThe findings revealed that technical faults, failed grid equipment, system overload and theft and vandalism affected grid electricity reliability in the transmission and distribution subsystems of the Ugandan power grid network. The effect was computed both in terms of frequency and duration of power outages. For instance, the number of power outages was 116 and 2,307 for transmission and distribution subsystems, respectively. In terms of duration, the power outages reported on average were 1,248 h and 5,826 h, respectively, for transmission and distribution subsystems.Originality/valueThis paper investigates the effects of technical and security factors on the transmission and distribution grid electricity reliability, specifically focusing on frequency and duration of power outages, in the Ugandan context. It combines both OLS and ARDL models for analysis and adopts the systems reliability theory in the area of grid electricity reliability research.