bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zusatzgrößen in binären flüssigen Mischphasen aus Tetrachloriden
Authors: Sackmann H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEs werden die Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen über die Volumenänderungen1), die Mischungswärmen2) und die Kompressibilitäten3) in den sechs binären flüssigen Systemen mit den Komponenten CCl4, SiCl4, TiCl4 und SnCl4 mitgeteilt. Sie stellen einen Beitrag dar zum Problem der Nichtelektrolytlösungen mit einfachem Molekelbau. Es werden vergleichende Betrachtungen über den Einfluß von Molekelgröße und zwischenmolekularer Wechselwirkung auf die Zusatzgrößen dieser Mischphasen angestellt und Vergleiche mit verschiedenen Ansätzen der statistischen Theorien durchgeführt.
Synthese von Kohlenwasserstoffen aus Kohlenoxyd und Wasserdampf V. Mitteilung: Kinetik und Mechanismus der Reaktion an Eisen‐ und Kobaltkatalysatoren
Authors: Kölbel Herbert , Hammer Hans 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDie Kohlenwasserstoff‐Synthese aus Kohlenmonoxyd und Wasserdampf an Eisen‐ und Kobalt‐Katalysatoren weist die Kinetik einer Konsekutivreaktion auf. Die Geschwindigkeit des CO‐Verbrauchs läßt sich durch eine Gleichung vom Typ
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darstellen. Der Reaktionsmechanismus ist durch das intermediäre Auftreten von Wasserstoff gekennzeichnet. Der Reaktionsverlauf bedingt charakteristische Unterschiede gegenüber der Fischer‐Tropsch‐Synthese.
Elektronenbeugungsuntersuchungen an dünnen Siliciumschichten
Authors: Rogowski F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSehr dünne Siliciumschichten werden durch Aufdampfen auf Kollodiumträger hergestellt und die Beugung von feinen Elektronenstrahlen daran mit und ohne rotierende Sektoren untersucht. Im ganzen können zehn Beugungsmaxima, die zum überwiegenden Teil bisher unbekannt waren, beobachtet und acht davon mit großer Genauigkeit vermessen werden. Die Auswertung nach der Methode der Gasinterferenzen ergibt, daß die Schicht aus fünfatomigen tetraedrischen Molekülen in regelloser Orientierung zueinander besteht. Eine Reihe anderer, theoretisch ebenfalls möglicher Molekülarten wird mit Sicherheit ausgeschlossen.
Über Oxydationsprodukte von Ferroverbindungen Bemerkungen zu der Arbeit von W. Feitknecht1) „Über die Oxydation von festen Hydroxyverbindungen des Eisens in wäßriger Lösung”︁
Authors: Krause Alfons 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEs werden die Oxydationsprodukte von Ferroverbindungen besprochen und einige Versuchsergebnisse erörtert, die die Bildung von röntgenkristallinen Hydroxyden sowie eines neuen amorphen Eisen(III)‐hydroxyds betreffen.
Kinetics of Helix‐Coil Transitions for Large Perturbations According to the Zimm‐Bragg Model
Authors: Rawlings Philip K. , Schneider Friedemann W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe use our previously described expansion method to carry out systematic numerical calculations of the reduced mean relaxation time for large perturbations applied to cooperative helix coil transitions in linear macromolecules of infinite chain length. The kinetic process under consideration is described in terms of triplet concentrations and it may proceed from any initial to any final Zimm‐Bragg equilibrium state for a number of representative values of the cooperativity parameter σ. A striking dependence of the reduced mean relaxation time upon perturbation size is observed particularly for kinetic processes starting at the extremes of the equilibrium transition curve. This dependence is discussed as a function of the cooperativity of the transition, initial and final equilibrium states and the direction of the applied perturbation. Irreversible processes have also been calculated. All kinetic curves are virtually exponential with the exception of very large perturbations approaching unity where sigmoidal behavior is observed.
Vascular flow empty shadow in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Zhong Jiansheng , Li Jun , Wang Shousen 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageTo investigate the blood supply characteristics and surgical significance of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors with vascular flow void signal in tumors. The clinical data of one case of giant pituitary neuroendocrine tumor with vascular flow void signal were reported, and the related literature was reviewed. In this case of pituitary neuroendocrine tumor, the blood sinus from the superior pituitary artery was seen in the left rear of the tumor before the first operation, showing irregular low signal. Subsequently, the tumor recurred 46 mm high, grew upwards, and had no cystic degeneration. The blood vessels that showed flow voids signal in magnetic resonance imaging originated from the inferior pituitary artery. The tumor was removed through the frontal lobe through the lateral ventricle approach, and desirable results were obtained. Vascular flow void signals in giant pituitary neuroendocrine tumors are rare, which suggests a sufficient and rich arterial blood supply. Arterial blood supply from below such tumors should be properly handled during the operation.
Thermal Performance Analysis of a Mounded Liquid Ethylene Storage Tank
Authors: Xin Biping , Wen Jian , Zhou Aimin , Wang Simin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA model including the tank body and the external environment is developed to investigate the temperature field of a mounded liquid ethylene storage tank system during long‐term placement. Since the external environment always changes, it is introduced by writing user‐defined functions (UDFs). The effects of external environment and structural parameters on the temperature field are analyzed to provide reference for the design of the heat tracing devices of the storage tank system. The results indicate that the increase of tank quantities substantially reduces the outer‐surface temperature of the cold insulation structure. The increase in tank spacing and thickness of the cold insulation structure weakens the interaction of adjacent tanks and raises the outer‐surface temperature of the cold insulation structure.
Mechanochemical Oxidative Coupling of Amine to Azo‐based Polymers by Hypervalent Iodine Oxidant
Authors: Hou Shengtai , Xu Jialu , Wang Junjie , Wang Hongjie , Zhang Pengfei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAmong porous organic polymers (POPs), azo‐linked POPs represent a crucial class of materials, making them the focus of numerous catalytic systems proposed for their synthesis. However, the synthetic process is limited to metal‐catalyzed, high‐temperature, and liquid‐phase reactions. In this study, we employ mechanochemical oxidative metal‐free systems to encompass various syntheses of azo‐based polymers. Drawing inspiration from the “rule of six” principle (six or more carbons on an azide group render the organic compound relatively safe), an azo compound featuring significant steric hindrance is obtained using the hypervalent iodine oxidation strategy. Furthermore, during the polymerization process, steric hindrance is enhanced in monomers to effectively prevent explosions resulting from direct contact between hypervalent iodine oxidants and primary amines. Indeed, this approach provides a facile and innovative solid‐phase synthesis method for synthesizing azo‐based materials.
From the Lab to the Field: Organic Materials for Industrial Applications and Environmental Remediation
Authors: Manzano Verónica E. , D'Accorso Norma B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMany new developments for different industries have their origin in basic science. In recent years, this trend has gained attention due to the increasing interaction between academic science and industry. This article presents some rational materials for chemical modifications that were developed by the basic science, then transferred to the productive sector. Conducting hydrophobic coatings for aerospace applications, hydrogels for the oil and gas industry, as well as polymers for removal of heavy metal, were some of the topics approached in the lab to solve industrial problems. Many times, nature is a great source of inspiration to produce new materials. In this sense, superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity (concepts closely related to our everyday life) were the bioinspiration for the development of membranes. These membranes were able to separate hydrocarbons and water, which found application in the treatment of subterranean water for the oil and gas industry.
HiCAR: Analysis of Open Chromatin Associated Long‐range Chromatin Interaction Using Low‐Input Materials
Authors: Wei Xiaolin , Tran Duc , Diao Yarui 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCis‐regulatory elements (cREs) and their long‐range interactions are crucial for spatial‐temporal gene regulation. While cREs can be characterized as accessible chromatin sequences, comprehensively identifying their spatial interactions remains a challenge. We recently developed a method, HiCAR (Hi‐C on Accessible Regulatory DNA), which combines Tn5 transposase and chromatin proximity ligation to analyze open chromatin‐anchored interactions in low‐input cells. Application of HiCAR in human embryonic stem cells and lymphoblastoid cells reveals high‐resolution chromatin contacts with efficiency comparable to in situ Hi‐C across various distance ranges. Moreover, HiCAR was successfully applied to 30,000 primary human muscle stem cells, showcasing its potential for analyzing chromatin accessibility and looping in low‐input primary cells and clinical samples. Here, we provide a detailed step‐by‐step protocol to perform the updated HiCAR experiments. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Tn5 Transposase AssemblyBasic Protocol 2: HiCAR Library Preparation
Phosphine‐Catalyzed (3+2) Annulation of Morita‐Baylis‐Hillman Carbonates with Pyrazolinone‐Derived Ketimines: Synthesis of Spirodihydropyrrole‐Dihydropyrazolones
Authors: Chen Xi , Liu Min , Xu Jiaqing , Wang Lei , Yu Songcheng , Wu Yongjun , Huang Jiaxing , Guo Hongchao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA phosphine‐catalyzed (3+2) annulation of Morita‐Baylis‐Hillman carbonates with pyrazolinone‐derived ketimines has been achieved to give various spirodihydropyrrole‐dihydropyrazolones in moderate to high yields with good diastereoselectivities. The reaction tolerated diverse MBH carbonates and ketimines. Both scale‐up reaction and further transformation of the product were successfully performed. In addition, up to 98 % ee of chiral product was obtained with the use of chiral bifunctional phosphine.
Synthesis of Defective Wheel‐Shaped Nanographdiynes
Authors: Hu Guilin , Chen Jing , He Jingyi , Li Yongjun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe synthesis and optical properties of wheel‐shaped nanographdiynes that has lost some butadiyne spokes were reported. These defective wheel‐shaped nanographdiynes possess butadiyne‐bridged metacyclophanes with para‐bis(phenylbutadiynyl)‐benzene units as the axis. The optimized geometries of the defective wheel‐shaped nanographdiynes along with their vibrational spectra, HOMO and LUMO orbitals were calculated at B3LYP/6‐311G(d,p) level. HOMO and LUMO orbitals are delocalized mainly over the para‐bis(phenylbutadiynyl)‐benzene axis, with weak contribution from the attached ethynyl units. The π‐conjugation extension and quantity increase of the para axis influenced the optical properties of these graphdiyne substructures, leading to the change of bandgap from 2.88 eV to 2.56 eV as reflected by optical spectroscopy. The defective wheel‐shaped nanographdiynes lost the characteristic intensive sharp absorption peak at low energy region, which indicated that the fusion of adjacent dehydrobenzo [18] annulenes are crucial for the bulk properties of graphdiyne.
Ethical and policy considerations for organ trafficking and transplant tourism: Based on the UK's first international case of human trafficking for the purpose of organ removal
Authors: Yu Lanyi , Zhai Xiaomei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study examines the UK's May 2023 judgment in an international organ trafficking and organ tourism case. Human trafficking for organ removal is one of the least understood but growing forms of trafficking worldwide. Countries in the Middle East, Asia, and the Americas are often widely criticized by the international transplant community as sites for organ trafficking. However, we believe that when discussing this issue, it is not just these areas that need to be addressed. What is particularly special is that this case not only involves transnational human trafficking, organ trafficking, and illegal organ transplantation interest chains but also involves the participation of national political officials and complex social and humanistic factors. This article focuses on the current ethical and policy issues involved in organ transplant tourism and organ trafficking and analyzes the implications of this case for our country's donation and transplantation work.
Estimating soil water content in a thorny forest ecosystem by time‐lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and HYDRUS 2D/3D simulations
Authors: Faúndez Urbina Carlos A. , Alanís Daniel Cabrera , Ramírez Elizabeth , Seguel Oscar , Fustos Ivo J. , Donoso Pablo Díaz , de Miranda Jarbas Honorio , Rakonjac Nikola , Palma Sebastián Elgueta , Galleguillos Mauricio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDetermination of soil volumetric water content in forest ecosystems is particularly challenging due to deep rooting systems and unknown soil vertical and spatial heterogeneity. This research aims to test two undisturbed methods, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and HYDRUS 2D/3D, for 2D determination in a thorny forest ecosystem. The experiment consisted of infiltrating 10 L of water lasting 60 min. During infiltration, ERT measured apparent resistivity by time‐lapse measurements, and was measured with an FDR probe (EnviroSCAN) at 33, 63, 83, 97, and 163 cm depth close to the infiltration site. At the end of infiltration, a soil pit was dug, and 100 measurements of were performed with a TDR in a 10 × 10 cm regular grid. Archie law transformed soil resistivity (ERT) into using manual calibration, verified by an independent dataset. The 2D profile obtained by ERT was qualitatively compared with the HYDRUS 2D/3D one. HYDRUS 2D/3D was parametrized with calibrated parameters obtained with HYDRUS 1D using 106 days of obtained with EnviroSCAN. The results of HYDRUS 1D calibration and verification were satisfactory, with RMSE and Nash‐Sutcliffe coefficients ranging from 0.021 to 0.034 cm3 cm−3 and 0.11 to 0.77, respectively. The forward HYDRUS 2D/3D simulation disagrees with EnviroSCAN data for 33 cm depth. However, it follows the trend with near to zero variation of water content at 63 cm depth. Water content determination by ERT was satisfactory with RMSE for calibration and verification of 0.017 and 0.021 cm3 cm−3. HYDRUS 2D/3D and ERT comparisons were not equal, with a shallower wetting front by ERT and a deeper one for HYDRUS. Still, both wetting fronts agree with the wetting depth estimated by EnviroSCAN. We conclude that both methods are an alternative for determination in heterogeneous and deep soils of forest ecosystems.
Education of the cancer surgical workforce: Gaps, priorities, and strategies
Authors: Murthy Shilpa S. , Are Chandrakanth 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCancer is a leading cause of noncommunicable disease‐related mortality. The predicted number of new cancer cases will increase from 19.3 million in 2020 to 30.2 million by 2040. To mitigate the cancer burden, it is critical to build capacity of the cancer workforce, especially in systems with limited resources. We provide a global overview of gaps and implementation strategies that can increase the quality and quantity of the global surgical cancer workforce.
Two cases with generalised bullous cutaneous reactions after COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine Moderna (Spikevax®) and Pfizer–BioNTech (Comirnaty®)
Authors: Rinnooy Kan Charlotte E. , Röckmann Heike , van Dijk Marijke R. , Ramsaransing Tanuja , Reubsaet Lieke L. , Peters Elke E. M. , Vos Lydia E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBullous cutaneous reactions can be caused by many factors, including vaccines.1 However, among all cutaneous reactions following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) mRNA vaccines, bullous reactions are rare. Here, we describe two patients with delayed generalised bullous cutaneous reactions 7 days after receiving  Moderna (Spikevax®) and Pfizer–BioNTech (Comirnaty®) COVID‐19 vaccination, respectively.
Successful treatment of refractory checkpoint inhibitor‐induced hepatitis with quadruple therapy including extracorporeal photopheresis and infliximab
Authors: Hansen Inga , Kött Julian , Heidenreich Silke , Ayuk Francis A. , Doll Patricia , Abeck Finn , Booken Nina , Gebhardt Christoffer , Schneider Stefan W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors have established in the treatment of malignant melanoma and have significantly improved prognosis in advanced tumour stages. As they interfere with immunoregulatory pathways by blocking checkpoints, nonspecific activation of the immune system can result in the development of immune‐related adverse events. Hepatitis occurs in 25%–30% of combination therapy and usually occurs 6–12 weeks after initiation of treatment. In most cases, the adverse event can be successfully treated with glucocorticosteroids but sometimes this is not sufficient, and further therapy is required. We report on a life‐threatening course of immune‐mediated hepatitis in a 39‐year‐old woman with metastatic melanoma, whom we were finally able to treat successfully with a combination therapy consisting of prednisolone, mycophenolate‐mofetil, extracorporeal photopheresis and infliximab.
Probiotics improve survival and growth of larval Pacific Lamprey in laboratory culture
Authors: Maine Alexa N. , Moser Mary L. , Jackson Aaron D. , Wilhelm Frank 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
The Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus is a First Food for members of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation and other Columbia Plateau tribes in the Pacific Northwest. Declines in Pacific Lamprey abundance have prompted restoration efforts, including development of artificial propagation. Laboratory rearing of larvae has focused on maximizing survival and growth to conserve resources and increase production. To test the hypothesis that bacterial supplements increased the survival and growth of first-feeding larval Pacific Lamprey, we conducted two controlled experiments.

Methods
First, a probiotic supplement (EPI-CIN G2; Epicore, Bionetworks) was added to a standard food ration (yeast and Otohime mix) at two levels (2 and 5 mg/L) in a replicated, randomized design.

Result
Growth at 10 weeks was measured, and larvae that were fed probiotics at both levels grew significantly faster (2 mg/L: 11.0 μm/day; 5 mg/L: 13.3 μm/day) than controls that were fed the standard ration alone (6.6 μm/day). Larvae that received the probiotic supplement also had a higher survival (2 mg/L: 36%; 5 mg/L: 44%) than those fed the standard ration (24%). Next, a different cohort of larval lamprey was fed the same two levels of probiotic (at the same rate as in the first experiment), but the lamprey was kept in larger rearing pans and were fed for 28 weeks. Overall growth rates in the second experiment (2 mg/L: 4.6 μm/day; 5 mg/L: 5.7 μm/day; control 3.4 μm/day) were lower than those in the first experiment, but growth and survival (2 mg/L: 71.4%; 5 mg/L: 78.6%; control: 55.7%) were both highest in the treatments with probiotic. Moreover, in both experiments, we observed the highest growth in the probiotic treatments that also had high larval density.

Conclusion
This suggests that probiotics may help to overcome density-dependent growth, which is a common problem in lamprey culture. Successful artificial propagation and culture of Pacific Lamprey are vital to the long-term restoration goals for this imperiled First Food.
Stage‐cost design for optimal and model predictive control of linear port‐Hamiltonian systems: Energy efficiency and robustness
Authors: Şen Gökçen Devlet , Schaller Manuel , Worthmann Karl 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe consider singular optimal control of port‐Hamiltonian systems with minimal energy supply. We investigate the robustness of different stage‐cost designs w.r.t. time discretization and show that alternative formulations that are equivalent in continuous time, differ strongly in view of discretization. Furthermore, we consider the impact of additional quadratic control regularization and demonstrate that this leads to a considerable increase in energy consumption. Then, we extend our results to the tracking problem within model predictive control and show that the intrinsic but singular choice of the cost functional as the supplied energy leads to a substantial improvement of the closed‐loop performance.
Characterization and Coherent Control of Spin Qubits with Modulated Electron Beam and Resonator
Authors: Yasini Soheil , Shaterzadeh‐Yazdi Zahra , Mohammad Taheri Mahmoud 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe coherent dynamics and control of spin qubits are fundamental requirements for the development and implementation of quantum technology. However, controlling a single spin qubit within a set of qubits is challenging due to the spatial extent of the applied magnetic field, which can negatively impact the coherent dynamics of neighboring qubits. In this study, a scheme is proposed for characterizing and controlling the coherent dynamics of spin qubits. The proposed scheme comprises a resonator that encloses the desired quantum system and a modulated electron beam that passes through the resonator in close proximity to the qubit of interest. The scheme involves solving the quantum master equation with Lindblad terms to obtain the system's dynamics. Reliability of the proposed model is validated by testing it on a potassium atom, 41K, and an NV‐ center in diamond. The results demonstrate that by controlling the parameters of the resonator and electron beam, the coherence and decoherence rates of these quantum systems can be enhanced. The proposed scheme has the potential to characterize various types of spin‐based quantum systems and implement quantum logic gates for quantum computation .
M2 Macrophage Membrane‐Camouflaged Fe3O4‐Cy7 Nanoparticles with Reduced Immunogenicity for Targeted NIR/MR Imaging of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Zou Lin , Zhang Yao , Cheraga Nihad , Abodunrin Oluwatosin David , Qu Kai‐Yun , Qiao Li , Ma Yu‐Qing , Hang Yue , Huang Ning‐Ping , Chen Li‐Juan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAtherosclerosis （AS） is the primary reason behind cardiovascular diseases, leading to approximately one‐third of global deaths. Developing a novel multi‐model probe to detect AS is urgently required. Macrophages are the primary cells from which AS genesis occurs. Utilizing natural macrophage membranes coated on the surface of nanoparticles is an efficient delivery method to target plaque sites. Herein, Fe3O4‐Cy7 nanoparticles (Fe3O4‐Cy7 NPs), functionalized using an M2 macrophage membrane and a liposome extruder for Near‐infrared fluorescence and Magnetic resonance imaging, are synthesized. These macrophage membrane‐coated nanoparticles (Fe3O4@M2 NPs) enhance the recognition and uptake using active macrophages. Moreover, they inhibit uptake using inactive macrophages and human coronary artery endothelial cells. The macrophage membrane‐coated nanoparticles (Fe3O4@M0 NPs, Fe3O4@M1 NPs, Fe3O4@M2 NPs) can target specific sites depending on the macrophage membrane type and are related to C‐C chemofactor receptor type 2 protein content. Moreover, Fe3O4@M2 NPs demonstrate excellent biosafety in vivo after injection, showing a significantly higher Fe concentration in the blood than Fe3O4‐Cy7 NPs. Therefore, Fe3O4@M2 NPs effectively retain the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles and depict reduced immunological response in blood circulation. These NPs mainly reveal enhanced targeting imaging capability for atherosclerotic plaque lesions.