bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polaron interfacial entropy as a route to high thermoelectric performance in DAE-doped PEDOT:PSS films
Authors: Zhang Jiajia , Ye Caichao , Wei Genwang , Guo Liang , Cai Yuhang , Li Zhi , Wu Xinzhi , Sun Fangyi , Li Qikai , Wang Yupeng , Li Huan , Li Yuchen , Wang Shuaihua , Xu Wei , Guo Xuefeng , Zhang Wenqing , Liu Weishu 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Enhancing the thermoelectric transport properties of conductive polymer materials has been a long-term challenge, in spite of the success seen with molecular doping strategies. However, the strong coupling between the thermopower and the electrical conductivity limits thermoelectric performance. Here, we use polaron interfacial occupied entropy engineering to break through this intercoupling for a PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(4-styrenesulfonate)) thin film by using photochromic diarylethene (DAE) dopants coupled with UV-light modulation. With a 10-fold enhancement of the thermopower from 13.5 μV K−1 to 135.4 μV K−1 and almost unchanged electrical conductivity, the DAE-doped PEDOT:PSS thin film achieved an extremely high power factor of 521.28 μW m−1 K−2 from an original value of 6.78 μW m−1 K−2. The thermopower was positively correlated with the UV-light intensity but decreased with increasing temperature, indicating resonant coupling between the planar closed DAE molecule and PEDOT. Both the experiments and theoretical calculations consistently confirmed the formation of an interface state due to this resonant coupling. Interfacial entropy engineering of polarons could play a critical role in enhancing the thermoelectric performance of the organic film.
Uncovering the dominant contribution of intermediate volatility compounds in secondary organic aerosol formation from biomass-burning emissions
Authors: Li Kun , Zhang Jun , Bell David M , Wang Tiantian , Lamkaddam Houssni , Cui Tianqu , Qi Lu , Surdu Mihnea , Wang Dongyu , Du Lin , El Haddad Imad , Slowik Jay G , Prevot Andre S H 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Organic vapors from biomass burning are a major source of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). Previous smog chamber studies found that the SOA contributors in biomass-burning emissions are mainly volatile organic compounds (VOCs). While intermediate volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) are efficient SOA precursors and contribute a considerable fraction of biomass-burning emissions, their contribution to SOA formation has not been directly observed. Here, by deploying a newly-developed oxidation flow reactor to study SOA formation from wood burning, we find that IVOCs can contribute ∼70% of the formed SOA, i.e. &gt;2 times more than VOCs. This previously missing SOA fraction is interpreted to be due to the high wall losses of semi-volatile oxidation products of IVOCs in smog chambers. The finding in this study reveals that SOA production from biomass burning is much higher than previously thought, and highlights the urgent need for more research on the IVOCs from biomass burning and potentially other emission sources.
Smoking Cessation Support in Social and Community Service Organizations: Potential Activities, Barriers, and Facilitators
Authors: Visser Judith E M , Rozema Andrea D , Kunst Anton E , Kuipers Mirte A G 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Social and Community Service Organizations (SCSOs) are a potential setting to reach and support people with a low socioeconomic position who smoke, yet smoking cessation is not widely supported by SCSO professionals.

Aims and Methods
This study aims to identify SCSO professionals’ (1) potential activities to support smoking cessation and (2) barriers and facilitators in undertaking these activities. Between July and November 2022, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 professionals recruited through SCSOs in Amsterdam North, including participation workers, welfare workers, parent and child counselors, budget coach, debt counselor, welfare work, community sports, and community center coordinators. Data were analyzed using a thematic approach.

Results
Eight activities were identified that could support the client either directly (ie, recognizing smoking clients, discussing smoking and smoking cessation, referring clients, providing smoking cessation counseling, offering help around services) or indirectly (ie, collaboration with relevant network partners, implementing smoke-free environments, enhancing professional skills). Various barriers and facilitators were identified related to the (1) client and their environment (ie, clients’ readiness and social environment), (2) interaction between professional and client (ie, topic sensitivity), (3) professional (ie, professional is non-smoker, knowledge, and self-efficacy), (4) professionals’ work environment (ie, necessity, responsibility, priority, and time), and (5) smoking cessation services (ie, availability of appropriate services and referral process).

Conclusions
There is potential for SCSO professionals to support smoking cessation, but several barriers hinder their efforts. To address these barriers, it is essential to take into account the factors that SCSO professionals believe facilitate the provision of smoking cessation support.

Implications
This study provides insight into how the potential of SCSOs in Amsterdam North to support smoking cessation efforts among people with a low socioeconomic position can be harnessed. Barriers were found at multiple levels (client, professional, client-professional interaction, and organizational) and these findings imply that stakeholders across these levels will need to prioritize smoking cessation to facilitate and stimulate SCSO professionals in supporting smoking cessation. A concrete action would be to offer SCSO professionals additional training in conversational skills to discuss smoking. As a prerequisite, easily accessible and suitable smoking cessation services should be available in the neighborhood.
Tuberculosis-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: Diagnostic Challenges and Determinants of Outcome
Authors: Kurver Lisa , Seers Timothy , van Dorp Suzanne , van Crevel Reinout , Pollara Gabriele , van Laarhoven Arjan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Tuberculosis (TB) can induce secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a severe inflammatory syndrome with high mortality. We integrated all published reports of adult HIV-negative TB-associated HLH (TB-HLH) to define clinical characteristics, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic approaches associated with improved survival.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, and Global Index Medicus were searched for eligible records. TB-HLH cases were categorized into (1) patients with a confirmed TB diagnosis receiving antituberculosis treatment while developing HLH and (2) patients presenting with HLH of unknown cause later diagnosed with TB. We used a logistic regression model to define clinical and diagnostic parameters associated with survival.

Results
We identified 115 individual cases, 45 (39.1%) from countries with low TB incidence (&lt;10/100 000 per year). When compared with patients with HLH and known TB (n = 21), patients with HLH of unknown cause (n = 94) more often had extrapulmonary TB (66.7% vs 88.3%), while the opposite was true for pulmonary disease (91.5% vs 59.6%). Overall, Mycobacterium tuberculosis was identified in the bone marrow in 78.4% of patients for whom examination was reported (n = 74). Only 10.5% (4/38) of patients tested had a positive result upon a tuberculin skin test or interferon-γ release assay. In-hospital mortality was 28.1% (27/96) in those treated for TB and 100% (18/18) in those who did not receive antituberculosis treatment (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Tuberculosis should be considered a cause of unexplained HLH. TB-HLH is likely underreported, and the diagnostic workup of patients with HLH should include bone marrow investigations for evidence of Mycobacerium tuberculosis. Prompt initiation of antituberculosis treatment likely improves survival in TB-HLH.
Cassava phosphatase PP2C1 modulates thermotolerance via fine-tuning dephosphorylation of antioxidant enzymes
Authors: Bai Yujing , Dong Yabin , Zheng Liyan , Zeng Hongqiu , Wei Yunxie , Shi Haitao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Global warming is an adverse environmental factor that threatens crop yields and food security. 2C-type protein phosphatases (PP2Cs), as core protein phosphatase components, play important roles in plant hormone signaling to cope with various environmental stresses. However, the function and underlying mechanism of PP2Cs in the heat stress response remain elusive in tropical crops. Here, we report that MePP2C1 negatively regulated thermotolerance in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), accompanied by the modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and the underlying antioxidant enzyme activities of catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Further investigation found that MePP2C1 directly interacted with and dephosphorylated MeCAT1 and MeAPX2 at serine (S) 112 and S160 residues, respectively. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo assays showed that protein phosphorylation of MeCAT1S112 and MeAPX2S160 was essential for their enzyme activities, and MePP2C1 negatively regulated thermotolerance and redox homeostasis by dephosphorylating MeCAT1S112 and MeAPX2S160. Taken together, this study illustrates the direct relationship between MePP2C1-mediated protein dephosphorylation of MeCAT1 and MeAPX2 and ROS accumulation in thermotolerance to provide insights for adapting to global warming via fine-tuning thermotolerance of the tropical crop cassava.
The value of information gathering in phage–bacteria warfare
Authors: Dahan Yuval , Wingreen Ned S , Meir Yigal 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Phages—viruses that infect bacteria—have evolved over billions of years to overcome bacterial defenses. Temperate phage, upon infection, can “choose” between two pathways: lysis—in which the phage create multiple new phage particles, which are then liberated by cell lysis, and lysogeny—where the phage’s genetic material is added to the bacterial DNA and transmitted to the bacterial progeny. It was recently discovered that some phages can read information from the environment related to the density of bacteria or the number of nearby infection attempts. Such information may help phage make the right choice between the two pathways. Here, we develop a theoretical model that allows an infecting phage to change its strategy (i.e. the ratio of lysis to lysogeny) depending on an outside signal, and we find the optimal strategy that maximizes phage proliferation. While phages that exploit extra information naturally win in competition against phages with a fixed strategy, there may be costs to information, e.g. as the necessary extra genes may affect the growth rate of a lysogen or the burst size of new phage for the lysis pathway. Surprisingly, even when phages pay a large price for information, they can still maintain an advantage over phages that lack this information, indicating the high benefit of intelligence gathering in phage–bacteria warfare.
Identification of circulating autoantibodies to non-modified proteins associated with ACPA status in early rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Lourido Lucía , Joshua Vijay , Hansson Monika , Sjöberg Ronald , Pin Elisa , Ruiz-Romero Cristina , Nilsson Peter , Alfredsson Lars , Klareskog Lars , Blanco Francisco J 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study was to discover autoantibodies to non-modified proteins associated with the presence/absence of ACPAs in RA.

Methods
The autoantibody repertoire of 80 ACPA-negative and 80 ACPA-positive RA subjects from the Swedish population-based Epidemiological Investigation of RA (EIRA) cohort was screened using a suspension bead array built on protein fragments earlier described as autoimmunity targets. Four autoantibodies positive in the initial screening were validated in another set of EIRA samples containing 317 ACPA-positive, 302 ACPA-negative and 372 age- and sex-matched controls. The relationship between the four autoantibodies and lung abnormalities on high-resolution CT (HRCT) was examined in 93 early-RA patients from the LURA cohort. Association between the autoantibodies, smoking and MHC class II alleles was assessed by logistic regression analysis.

Results
Anti-ANOS1 and anti-MURC IgG levels were associated with ACPA-positive status [odds ratio (OR) = 3.02; 95% CI 1.87–4.89; and OR = 1.86; 95% CI 1.16–2.97, respectively] and increased in ACPA-positive patients compared with controls. Anti-ANOS1 IgG was associated with smoking habit (OR = 2.11; 95% CI 1.22–3.69) and anti-MURC IgG with the presence of the MHC class II ‘shared-epitope’ genes (OR = 1.95; 95% CI 1.11–3.46). Anti-TSPYL4 IgG was associated with being ACPA negative (OR = 0.41; 95% CI 0.19–0.89). Anti-TSPYL4 IgG and anti-MAP2K6 IgG levels were increased in the ACPA-negative patients compared with controls. Presence of anti-MAP2K6 IgG and anti-TSPYL4 IgG correlated negatively with HRCT-defined lung abnormalities.

Conclusion
These four autoantibodies may be useful in diagnostics and in predicting clinical phenotypes of RA.
The Committee for Quality Evaluation of the Law Making Process in Greece: Another One Law Drafting Committee or Something More?
Authors: Vlachopoulos Spyridon 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article provides information regarding the assessment of bills, before the parliamentary procedure, in Greece, throughout the years. It focuses on the differences between the former ‘Central Legislative Committee’ and the current ‘Committee for Quality Evaluation of the Law Making Process’ and presents the responsibilities of the latter, as well as the improvements that have been achieved since its operation. Then an analysis of the quality of the legislation, in general, takes place and the relevant problems are highlighted.
Integrated proteome and physiological traits reveal interactive mechanisms of new leaf growth and storage protein degradation with mature leaves of evergreen citrus trees
Authors: Xiong Huaye , Luo Yayin , Zhao Huanyu , Wang Jie , Hu Bin , Yan Chengquan , Yao Tingshan , Zhang Yueqiang , Shi Xiaojun , Rennenberg Heinz 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The growth of fruit trees depends on the nitrogen (N) remobilization in mature tissues and N acquisition from the soil. However, in evergreen mature citrus (Citrus reticulata Blanco) leaves, proteins with N storage functions and hub molecules involved in driving N remobilization remain largely unknown. Here, we combined proteome and physiological analyses to characterize the spatiotemporal mechanisms of growth of new leaves and storage protein degradation in mature leaves of citrus trees exposed to low-N and high-N fertilization in the field. Results show that the growth of new leaves is driven by remobilization of stored reserves, rather than N uptake by the roots. In this context, proline and arginine in mature leaves acted as N sources supporting the growth of new leaves in spring. Time-series analyses with gel electrophoresis and proteome analysis indicated that the mature autumn shoot leaves are probably the sites of storage protein synthesis, while the aspartic endopeptidase protein is related to the degradation of storage proteins in mature citrus leaves. Furthermore, bioinformatic analysis based on protein–protein interactions indicated that glutamate synthetase and ATP-citrate synthetase are hub proteins in N remobilization from mature citrus leaves. These results provide strong physiological data for seasonal optimization of N fertilizer application in citrus orchards.
The Causal Effect of Early Marriage on Women's Bargaining Power: Evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Tauseef Salauddin , Sufian Farha Deba 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Early marriage restrains women's agency and bargaining strength in postmarital households, impairing their ability to make meaningful contributions to household decision making. This paper employs a comprehensive measure of women's empowerment in the domestic and productive spheres, and isolates the causal effect of age at marriage, instrumented by age at menarche, on their bargaining strength, using nationally representative data from Bangladesh. Results suggest that delayed marriages result in significantly higher empowerment scores and probability of being empowered for women, because of higher likelihood in achieving adequacy in their autonomy in agricultural production, control over income, ownership of assets and rights in those assets, and ability to speak in public. Favorable impacts of delayed marriage are also found on women's freedom of mobility, fertility choices, and their ability to decide on household expenses and investments, with the impacts likely coming via improvements in education and labor market outcomes when women married later.
Extracellular vesicles released by hypoxia‐induced tumor‐associated fibroblasts impart chemoresistance to breast cancer cells via long noncoding RNA H19 delivery
Authors: Tao Shuang , Wang Jian , Li Fang , Shi Bixia , Ren Quanhai , Zhuang Yuhong , Qian Xiaoping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRecently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been emphasized in regulating the hypoxic tumor microenvironment of breast cancer (BC), where tumor‐associated fibroblasts (TAFs) play a significant role. In this study, we describe possible molecular mechanisms behind the pro‐tumoral effects of EVs, secreted by hypoxia (HP)‐induced TAFs, on BC cell growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance. These mechanisms are based on long noncoding RNA H19 (H19) identified by microarray analysis. We employed an in silico approach to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs that were associated with BC. Subsequently, we explored possible downstream regulatory mechanisms. We isolated EVs from TAFs that were exposed to HP, and these EVs were denoted as HP‐TAF‐EVs henceforth. MTT, transwell, flow cytometry, and TUNEL assays were performed to assess the malignant phenotypes of BC cells. A paclitaxel (TAX)‐resistant BC cell line was constructed, and xenograft tumor and lung metastasis models were established in nude mice for in vivo verification. Our observation revealed that lncRNA H19 was significantly overexpressed, whereas miR‐497 was notably downregulated in BC. HP induced activation of TAFs and stimulated the secretion of EVs. Coculture of HP‐TAF‐EVs and BC cells led to an increase in TAX resistance of the latter. HP‐TAF‐EVs upregulated methylation of miR‐497 by delivering lncRNA H19, which recruited DNMT1, thus lowering the expression of miR‐497. In addition, lncRNA H19‐containing HP‐TAF‐EVs hindered miR‐497 expression, enhancing tumorigenesis and TAX resistance of BC cells in vivo. Our study presents evidence for the contribution of lncRNA H19‐containing HP‐TAF‐EVs in the reduction of miR‐497 expression through the recruitment of DNMT1, which in turn promotes the growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance of BC cells.
Regulation of androgen receptor stability by the β1Pix/STUB1 complex
Authors: Chahdi Ahmed , Jorgez Carolina , Seth Abhishek 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe androgen receptor (AR) is essential in the development and differentiation of testes and male genitalia. AR expression is tightly regulated at the translational and posttranslational levels. AR posttranscriptional regulation is a major determinant of AR availability since AR is a direct target of E3 ubiquitin ligase STUB1. Our work indicated that the Rac/Cdc42 guanosine triphosphatase guanine nucleotide exchange factor, β1Pix, enhanced AR levels after AR stimulation in HEK293 and HeLa cells. AR stimulation decreased AR ubiquitination which is accompanied by increased β1Pix binding to AR. Ectopic expression of β1Pix decreased AR ubiquitination in Tm4 and HEK293 cells. We demonstrated that the formation of a multimolecular complex comprised of AR/β1Pix/STUB1 responded in a time‐dependent manner to AR stimulation. β1Pix binding dissociated STUB1 from AR and thus prevented STUB1 from catalyzing receptor ubiquitination. β1Pix enhanced AR transcriptional activity and increased AR target gene expression. Irrespective of treatment, immunofluorescence analysis showed a strong nuclear colocalization of endogenous AR and endogenous βPix in Tm4 cells. However, using Tm4 cell fractionation, AR stimulation decreased βPix/AR association in the cytosolic fraction and increased binding of AR to βPix in the nuclear fraction. To support the role of β1Pix in androgen regulation, we found that individuals lacking this gene have a significant increase in genitourinary malformations associated with androgen dysfunction. Our data indicate that β1Pix is an important modulator of AR stability and ligand‐dependent AR transcriptional activity. We propose that β1Pix could serve as a promising therapeutic target to modulate AR signaling.
Acute endoplasmic reticulum stress‐induced mitochondria respiratory chain damage: The role of activated calpains
Authors: Chen Qun , Li Ling , Samidurai Arun , Thompson Jeremy , Hu Ying , Willard Belinda , Lesnefsky Edward J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe induction of acute endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress damages the electron transport chain (ETC) in cardiac mitochondria. Activation of mitochondria‐localized calpain 1 (CPN1) and calpain 2 (CPN2) impairs the ETC in pathological conditions, including aging and ischemia–reperfusion in settings where ER stress is increased. We asked if the activation of calpains causes the damage to the ETC during ER stress. Control littermate and CPNS1 (calpain small regulatory subunit 1) deletion mice were used in the current study. CPNS1 is an essential subunit required to maintain CPN1 and CPN2 activities, and deletion of CPNS1 prevents their activation. Tunicamycin (TUNI, 0.4 mg/kg) was used to induce ER stress in C57BL/6 mice. Cardiac mitochondria were isolated after 72 h of TUNI treatment. ER stress was increased in both control littermate and CPNS1 deletion mice with TUNI treatment. The TUNI treatment activated both cytosolic and mitochondrial CPN1 and 2 (CPN1/2) in control but not in CPNS1 deletion mice. TUNI treatment led to decreased oxidative phosphorylation and complex I activity in control but not in CPNS1 deletion mice compared to vehicle. The contents of complex I subunits, including NDUFV2 and ND5, were decreased in control but not in CPNS1 deletion mice. TUNI treatment also led to decreased oxidation through cytochrome oxidase (COX) only in control mice. Proteomic study showed that subunit 2 of COX was decreased in control but not in CPNS1 deletion mice. Our results provide a direct link between activation of CPN1/2 and complex I and COX damage during acute ER stress.