bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The synthesis, thermal behaviour, spectral and structural characterization, and in silico prediction of pharmacokinetic parameters of tetraalkylammonium salts of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug nimesulide
Authors: Rybczyńska Małgorzata , Sikorski Artur 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe synthesis, spectral properties, thermal analysis, structural characterization and in silico prediction of pharmacokinetic parameters of tetramethylammonium (compound 1) and tetraethylammonium (compound 2) salt of nimesulide were described in this article. Both compounds crystallize in the monoclinic P21/n space group, with one tetraalkylammonium cation and one nimesulide anion in the asymmetric unit and their crystal structures are stabilized by C–H···O hydrogen bonds between ions. Additionally, structures of title compounds are stabilized by π–π interactions (compound 1), or C–H···π interactions (compound 2) between nimesulide anions. The TG and DSC measurements show that compound 1 melts at a temperature higher than nimesulide, whereas the compound 2 melts at a temperature lower than nimesulide. The MALDI-TOF, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and ATR-FTIR analyses confirm the SCXRD study, that in compounds 1 and 2 nimesulide exists in an ionized form. Studies performed by SWISS ADME and ProTOX II tools, predict to be oral bioavailability of both salts obtained, and one of them (compound 1) is predicted to be well-absorbed by digestive system, while both compounds obtained are classified into toxicity class 4.
Process concepts and analysis for co-removing methane and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
Authors: Sirigina Devesh Sathya Sri Sairam , Goel Aditya , Nazir Shareq Mohd 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMethane is the second largest contributor to global warming after CO2, and it is hard to abate due to its low concentration in the emission sources and in the atmosphere. However, removing methane from the atmosphere will accelerate achieving net-zero targets, since its global warming potential is 28 over a 100-year period. This work presents first-of-its-kind process concepts for co-removal of methane and CO2 that combines the catalytic conversion of methane step (thermal/photo-catalytic) with CO2 capture. Proposed processes have been analyzed for streams with lean methane concentrations, which are non-fossil emissions originating in the agricultural sector or natural emissions from wetlands. If the proposed processes can overcome challenges in catalyst/material design to convert methane at low concentrations, they have the potential to remove more than 40% of anthropogenic and natural methane emissions from the atmosphere at a lower energy penalty than the state-of-the-art technologies for direct air capture of CO2.
Preparation and characterization of biopolymer-based adsorbents and their application for methylene blue removal from wastewater
Authors: Amiri Mohammad Javad , Raayatpisheh Maryam , Radi Mohsen , Amiri Sedigheh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the present study, four biopolymer-based materials consisting of native corn starch (CS), phosphate corn starch (PS), starch nanocrystals (SNCs), and phosphate corn starch nanocrystals (PSNCs) were synthesized and used for methylene blue (MB) removal as a function of various parameters, including initial MB concentration (C0, 10–500 mg L−1), adsorbent dosage (Cs, 0.02–0.15 g), contact time (t, 5–15 min), solution pH (2–11), and temperature (25–45 °C). The removal percentage of MB increased dramatically upon increasing the biopolymer dosage, temperature, and pH; while it decreased upon increasing the initial MB concentration. The adsorption behavior of biopolymer-based materials towards MB was found to be accurately described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models. According to the Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacities of the adsorbents were ordered as follows: PSNCs (88.53 mg g−1) > SNCs (79.55 mg g−1) > PS (73.17 mg g−1) > CS (63.02 mg g−1). PSNCs was able to remove 96.8% and 76.5% of 20 mg L−1 MB in greywater and petrochemical wastewater, respectively, at an optimum pH of 9 and retained 86.42% of its usability even after five adsorption–desorption cycles. The analysis of the surface charge of the adsorbents before and after MB adsorption, combined with the FTIR spectrum of MB-saturated biopolymer-based materials, provided evidence that electrostatic interactions was the primary mechanism involved in the adsorption of MB. Meanwhile, hydrogen bonding and π–π interactions were found to have a minor contribution to the adsorption process. Based on the results, it can be inferred that PSNCs has promising potential as an adsorbent for the treatment of MB-containing wastewater, owing to its exceptional properties, which include high adsorption capacity, low cost, and applicability for multiple reuses.
Protamine as a barrier against the angiogenic effect of insulin: a possible role of apelin
Authors: Yeganeh-Hajahmadi Mahboobeh , Mehrabani Mehrnaz , Esmaili Mojdeh , Farokhi Mitra Shadkam , Sanjari Mojgan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInsulin is proved to have angiogenic ability thereby may worsen the diabetic retinopathy (DR) progression. Insulin also triggers the expression of endogenous angiogenic peptide, apelin. Since protamine was introduced as an inhibitor of the apelin receptor, we hypothesized that use of protaminated insulin instead of non-protaminated insulin can decrease the negative role of insulin in progression of DR. Firstly, the incidence of DR was compared among three diabetic patient groups: an oral medication, non-protaminated insulin, and protaminated insulin (PIns). Proliferation and migration rate of HUVECs was measured after insulin, apelin, and protamine exposure. In clinical study, the chance of developing DR was 8.5 and 4.1 times higher in insulin group and PIns groups compared with oral group respectively. Insulin group had a chance of 9.5-folds of non-proliferative DR compared to oral group. However, the difference of non-proliferative DR between PIns and oral group wasn’t significant. In-vitro tests showed that concomitant use of insulin and apelin increases viability and migratory potential of HUVECs. However, protamine could reverse this effect. Protamine present in some insulins might show a promising protective role against diabetic retinopathy. Thus, protaminated insulins may be preferable in the treatment of diabetes.
Efficacy of tranexamic acid supplemented with local infiltration analgesia in reducing blood loss in patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Wiktor Łukasz , Osadnik Bartłomiej , Damps Maria 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the efficacy of tranexamic acid supplemented with local infiltration analgesia in reducing blood loss in patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). This retrospective study was conducted on 176 individuals with a mean age of 64.27 (standard deviation [SD], 7.16) years undergoing unicompartmental cemented knee arthroplasty. The patients were divided into three groups according to patient blood management: I, patients without additional bleeding protocol (control group); II, patients intravenously administered tranexamic acid (TXA) (TXA group); and III, patients with exact TXA protocol combined with intraoperative local infiltration analgesia (LIA) (TXA + LIA group). Blood loss was measured as a substitute for blood loss by the maximal haemoglobin (Hb) drop compared with the preoperative Hb level. The mean Hb drops for the control, TXA, and TXA + LIA groups were 2.24 (16.0%), 2.14 (15.4%), and 1.81 (12.6%) g/dl, respectively. The mean hospitalisation days for patients in the control, TXA, and TXA + LIA groups were 5.91 (SD 1.24), 5.16 (SD 0.95), and 4.51 (SD 0.71) days, respectively. The combination of TXA with LIA reduces perioperative blood loss for patients after UKA.
Repetition Priming Treatment for Anomia: Effects of Single- and Multiple-Exemplar Protocols
Authors: Silkes JoAnn P. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
Repetition priming can lead to improved naming ability in people with aphasia, but concerns have arisen from prior research about using only a single picture exemplar for each target. Specifically, it is unclear whether the observed improvements were due to learning simple correspondences between particular words and pictures rather than changes at a deeper level of lexical–semantic processing. In addition, implications for generalization after training with single exemplars were unclear. This study replicated and extended previous work to address these questions.

Method:
Five participants with chronic aphasia participated in this repeated-measures design study, which repeatedly paired words and pictures with no feedback provided. Two participants engaged in a single-exemplar condition, with a single picture exemplar of each target used for every presentation of that target. The remaining three participants engaged in a multiple-exemplar condition, with several different pictures used for each target. Half of these targets used training pictures during naming probes, whereas half did not.

Results:
Primed items led to greater improvements in naming than items that were practiced but not primed. The data indicate that improvements may extend beyond stimulus-specific correspondences. Maintenance and generalization effects were mixed.

Conclusions:
These data provide further support for the efficacy of repetition priming treatment for anomia. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Der Einsatz von Short Bouts als Paradigmenwechsel bei der
Ausgestaltung von Bewegungsinterventionen
Authors: Köppel Maximilian , Peters Stefan 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDie positiven Gesundheitswirkungen von körperlicher Aktivität
sind weitreichend belegt. Gängige Bewegungsempfehlungen legen den
Menschen 150 Minuten moderate bzw. 75 Minuten intensive körperliche
Aktivität pro Woche zuzüglich zweimaligem Krafttraining nahe.
Die Forschung der jüngeren Vergangenheit und Gegenwart
beschäftigt sich intensiv damit, welche Rolle die Dauer der einzelnen
Abschnitte (Bouts) für die Gesundheit hat. Die vorliegende Arbeit
liefert einen Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der
wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten zu sogenannten Short Bouts (Abb. 1) in der
Bewegungsförderung und verwandten Konzepten.Es werden Befunde bei präklinischen und klinischen Populationen, bei
Gesunden bzw. speziell bei Älteren dargelegt. Dabei werden einzelne
Schwerpunkte gelegt, die wissenschaftlich jüngst häufiger
bearbeitet wurden (z. B. Endpunkte des Glukosestoffwechsels).
Qualitätsmanagementsystem und POLKA
Authors: Krell Wolfgang 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Modellvorhaben POLKA hat das Ziel, den Interventionspfad in die
Regelversorgung von voll- und teilstationären Pflegeeinrichtungen zu
implementieren. Dazu muss der Interventionspfad in das
Qualitätsmanagementsystem gemäß „§ 112
SGB XI Qualitätsverantwortung“ der jeweiligen Pflegeeinrichtung
integriert werden. Die Möglichkeit, diesen Implementierungsprozess auf
die „DIN EN ISO 9001:2015: Anforderungen an ein
Qualitätsmanagementsystem” auszurichten, wird erläutert.
Beispielhaft wird die Einbettung der Schritte der Implementierung des
Interventionspfades in die Kapitelstruktur der ISO 9001:2015 dargelegt.
Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: Long-term results of endoscopic treatment
Authors: Manfredi Guido , Crinò Stefano Francesco , Alicante Saverio , Romeo Samanta , Berté Roberto , Gandolfi Silvia , Spinazzola Angelo , Fiini Michela , Forner Pierangelo , Buscarini Elisabetta 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims This longitudinal prospective study evaluated the long-term outcome of endoscopic treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectases (HHT), its safety and outcome predictors.
Patients and methods Consecutive patients with HHT and either anemia disproportionate to epistaxis or overt gastrointestinal bleeding received endoscopic treatment of gastrointestinal telangiectases with argon plasma coagulation (APC). Hemoglobin levels and transfusion requirements were evaluated before and after treatment. Treatment effectiveness was classified as: 1) complete: hemoglobin level during the follow-up ≥9 g/dL; 2) complete with recurrence: hemoglobin ≥9 g/dL for at least 12 months with subsequent drop to <9 g/dL; or 3) absent: no improvement of hemoglobin level. Adverse events (AEs) were classified as mild, moderate, severe or fatal. Correlations were searched between treatment outcome and demographic/genetic characteristics, number, size and site of telangiectases, and hepatic arterio-venous malformations grade.
Results Forty-seven patients with HHT were enrolled. At median follow-up of 134 months (range 20–243 months), 41 of 47 patients showed treatment response (complete or with recurrence) after one (14/47) or more (27/47) endoscopic treatments. Median hemoglobin levels were 7.0 g/dL and 11.9 g/dL at baseline and at the end of follow-up, respectively. Transfusion requirement decreased from 22.8 to 7.3 red cell unit/year. A higher baseline number of telangiectases was associated with a lower chance of response (P=0.008). Only one severe AE (0.4%, jejunal perforation) was recorded.
Conclusions Endoscopic treatment of gastrointestinal teleangiectases for gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with HHT is effective in the long term and safe.
Nexus between financial inclusion, workers’ remittances, and unemployment rate in Asian economies
Authors: Wu Wen , Hon-Wei Leow , Yang Siyao , Muda Iskandar , Xu Zhaoyi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUnemployment is one of the biggest macroeconomic issues, and economists and policymakers have provided various options to tackle this menace. Financial inclusion and remittances are an important part of any economy and help increase the level of employment. However, despite extensive research, several gaps and issues in understanding the intricate relationship between financial inclusion, workers’ remittances, and the unemployment rate in Asian economies persist. This paper seeks to bridge these gaps and address the issues by examining the relationship between financial inclusion, workers’ remittances, and the unemployment rate in Asian economies using rigorous econometric methodologies, such as two-stage least squares (2SLS) and generalized method of moments (GMM) methods. The findings of 2SLS and GMM demonstrate that ATM, remittances, internet users, GDP, and financial globalization adversely influence the unemployment levels in Asia, Central Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, West & Middle East Asia, and South Asia in 2SLS and GMM models. However, the influence of inflation on the unemployment level is favourable in some regions. Therefore, it is important to give priority to policies that encourage financial inclusion, such as increasing underprivileged populations’ access to banking services, credit, and insurance. Moreover, reducing transaction costs, streamlining money transfers, and promoting formal remittance channels can boost remittances.
Silver molybdate nanocrystal-reinforced high-performance anti-coronavirus composite polymer coating
Authors: Zhao Xu , Cao Zhihui , Hua Xiufu , Chen Luocheng , Wei Tong , Li Shaozhen 
Published: October 2023

In response to the present epidemic situation, this work proposes an anti-coronavirus composite polymer coating with nano-Ag2MoO4 as the core component to reduce the potential safety hazards caused by excessive use of disinfectants. Nano-β-Ag2MoO4 with mixed morphology was produced with industrialized preparation technology. Among them, oval nanoparticles are core components with antiviral properties, and long rod-shaped particles are used to identify whether the stirring process meets the standard. After x-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy testing, nano-β-Ag2MoO4 stored for 4 years still meets the design requirements in terms of purity, crystal phase, shape, and scale, which solves the problem of the long-term effect of core components. In the existing water-based paint production process, the mixing process and formula of nano-β-Ag2MoO4 were explored, and the large-scale production process of anti-virus water-based paint was solved. Resistance tests against the HCoV-229E coronavirus showed that the anti-coronavirus activity rate of the nano-β-Ag2MoO4 coating at a weight concentration of 200 ppm was 99.5% within 2 h, which verified the effectiveness of the composite polymer coating.
Effect of combustion chamber diameter size on scramjet rotating detonation under high Mach number flow conditions
Authors: Shu Chen , Lin Wei , Tong Yiheng , Zhou Siyin , Yan Chenglong , Gao Yuchao 
Published: October 2023

This study conducted 3D numerical simulations to investigate the impact of combustion chamber diameter on the combustion characteristics of liquid kerosene scramjet rotating detonation under high Mach number flow conditions (Ma6/28 km). After ignition, a local hotspot near the contact surface between the combustion product and fresh reactant facilitates the generation of new detonation wave heads, resulting in a co-directional multi-wave mode in the detonation combustion flow field. The higher total temperature of the incoming flow restricts the accumulation of a substantial fuel gas layer in the axial direction of the combustion chamber, resulting in a smaller fuel distribution area and a lower wave head. Increasing the inner diameter of the combustion chamber leads to an increase in the number of wave heads but a decrease in overall height. Specifically, when using diameters of 125 and 150 mm, we observed significant periodic low-frequency oscillations in the peak pressure of the detonation wave during stable propagation. The specific impulse of the fuel does not vary significantly across different combustion chamber diameters. However, when the inner diameter is 75 mm, periodic oscillations occur, which reduce thrust stability. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing combustion chamber design and improving the efficiency and stability of liquid kerosene scramjet rotating detonation propulsion systems under high Mach number flow conditions.
Joining Landauer approach and classical multi electronic master-equation description in nanoscale transport for non-interactive systems
Authors: Moreira Augusto C L , da Silva Juliana A B 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this work we show that in the non-interacting limit, i.e., when the electronic structure of the N-particle states is frozen, in the wide-band limit (WBL) approximation, the classical master equation (CME) with the electron transfer rates obtained via Fermi golden rule and the elastic scattering approach (ES) are equivalent. This fact is encouraging, since it allows the insertion of elastic mechanisms into quantum transport via the CME approach thus, describing weak and strong quantum transport regimes on an equal footing within this theory.
Investigation of Cervical Cancer Detection from Whole Slide Imaging
Authors: Uma N , Inbanila K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Early cancer detection is critical in enhancing a patient’s clinical results. Cervical cancer detection from a large number of whole slide images generated regularly in a clinical setting is a complex and time-consuming task. As a result, we require an efficient and accurate model for early cancer diagnosis, especially cervical cancer as it can be fully prevented if detected in an early stage. This study focuses on in-depth writing on current methodologies for cervical cancer segmentation and characterization from the whole cervical slide. It combines the state of their specialty’s performance measurement with the quantitative evaluation of cutting-edge techniques. Numerous publications over the last eleven years (2011-2022) clearly outline various cervical imaging methods over multiple blocks. And this review shows different types of algorithms used in each processing stage of detection. The study clearly indicates the advancements in the automation field and the necessity of the same.
Decision Support System in Identification of Lesions in the Dense Breast on Digital Mammograms
Authors: Amin Ashwini , Dinesh Acharya U , Prakashini K , Siddalingaswamy P C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background

The most common cancer affecting women globally is breast cancer. The most effective and extensively used tool for identifying breast abnormalities in the early stage is mammography screening. However, it is less effective when there is high breast density. Therefore, the radiologist considers a sonomammography in addition to mammography to identify and characterize the lesion. Therefore, we aim at modelling a decision support system to identify a lesion in a dense breast using a mammogram and thereby avoiding additional sonomammogram.

Methods

In this work, the image pixels were pre-processed to produce super-pixels that are very meaningful and easy to analyse. Texture features extracted using a rotation invariant local binary pattern (RI-LBP) approach from super-pixels. Feature Selection algorithm was used to extract the top 5 features. The performance of various machine learning models was studied, and the best model was used for the prediction of the presence or absence of lesions in the mammogram images.

Results

The findings suggest that breast masses localized in the dense background can be described by features produced from RI-LBP super-pixel patterns in very effective and efficient ways. The experiment showed that with 500 super-pixels and only 5 RI-LBP features, the Support Vector machine model with gaussian kernel yielded an accuracy value of 90.38% and an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve score of 0.96 for the mammogram dataset.
A Systematic Review of Deep Learning Approaches for Vessel Segmentation in Retinal Fundus Images
Authors: Hegde Govardhan , Prabhu Srikanth , Gupta Shourya , Prabhu Gautham Manuru , Palorkar Anshita , Srujan Metta Venkata , Bhandary Sulatha V 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Retinal vessel segmentation (RVS) is important to accurately differentiate retinal vasculature for diagnosing and monitoring various ocular and systemic diseases. The traditional methods for RVS have mostly involved supervised learning, although semi-supervised and unsupervised techniques are on the rise. This paper reviews the increase in complexity of developments in RVS primarily after 2020. The methods were chosen to cover both the gradual transition over time and a variety of unorthodox or combinatorial approaches. This includes convolutional neural networks, encoder-decoder models, generative models, and other multi-modal or hybrid techniques. CNN approaches discussed employ Zero Phase Component Analysis, Global Contrast Normalization, and reinforcement learning. Encoder-decoder models include approaches such as the use of skip and residual connections, spatial attention, and atrous enhancement U-Net. Generative models propose short link connections, recurrent residual blocks, and multi-scale features to refine convolutional blocks. Hybrid methods involve the use of connectivity features, the MISODATA Algorithm, cross-domain adaptation, and multiple filters (such as morphological, match, and Gabor). All the frameworks are compared based on their performance on the benchmark dataset DRIVE to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current state of RVS.