bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heavy metal baselines in cyprinidae of the Han River: a decade-long study on bioaccumulation trends and species-specific sensitivities
Authors: Jung Hye-Ryeong , Lee Je-Seung , Ahn Mijin , Cha Yeong-Seop , Han Ihn-Sup 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite numerous urban pollution sources, research on aquatic species bioaccumulation in the Han River is scarce. In this longitudinal study, we assessed baseline heavy metal (HM) concentrations in Cyprinidae, a major freshwater fish family in the Han River. Specifically, were evaluated copper (Cu), total mercury (THg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and chromium (Cr) levels in the muscle of common carp, crucian carp, and barbel steed. Common carp had the highest HM accumulation, with baseline concentrations of Cu, THg, Cd, Pb, and Cr at 0.877, 0.060, 0.003, 0.032, and 0.178 mg/kg, respectively. Larger fish exhibited greater bioaccumulation, with THg levels significantly correlated with fish length (correlation coefficients: 0.57 (p < 0.05)–0.74 (p < 0.001)). Notably, Cr accumulated more extensively in fish muscle than Pb, and the metal selectivity index (MSI) of THg in barbel steed was 2–3 times higher than in other fish species. The baseline concentrations determined in this study can serve as identifiers of the initial point of abnormal HM bioaccumulation in fish and provide foundational data for future long- or short-term fish monitoring.
Competing-risks analysis for evaluating the prognosis of patients with microinvasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma based on the SEER database
Authors: Zheng Suzheng , Xie Shuping , Yu Hai , Duan Xi , He Yong , Ho Chichien , Wan Yang , Hang Tie , Chen Wenhui , Lyu Jun , Deng Liehua 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Utilizing the traditional Cox regression model to identify the factors affecting the risk of mortality due to microinvasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (micSCC) may produce skewed results. Since cause-specific mortality can guide clinical decision-making, this study employed the Fine-Gray model based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to identify significant predictive variables for the risk of micSCC-related mortality.

Methods
This study used the information of patients with micSCC who were listed in the SEER database during 2000–2015. Cox regression and Fine-Gray models were utilized for the multivariable analysis, and Gray’s test and the cumulative incidence function were used for the univariable analyses.

Results
There were 100 patients who died from other reasons and 38 who died from micSCC among the 1259 qualified patients with micSCC. Most were female, white, married, had localized metastasis, etc. According to the univariable Gray’s test (P < 0.05), the cumulative incidence rate for events of interest was strongly associated with age, sex, marital status, American Joint Committee on Cancer staging, radiation status, summary stage, chemotherapy status, surgery status, and tumor size. Multivariable Cox regression analysis and multivariable competing-risks analysis indicated that age, tumor size, and income were independent risk variables for the prognosis of patients with micSCC. In both age and tumor size variables, the competing-risks model showed a slight decrease in the hazard ratio and a slight narrowing of the 95% confidence interval compared with the Cox regression model. However, this pattern is not evident in the income variable.

Conclusions
This study established a Fine-Gray model for identifying the independent risk factors that influence the risk of mortality among patients with micSCC. This study uncovers that, in the context of competing risks, age, tumor size, and income serve as independent risk factors influencing the risk of mortality due to micSCC among patients. Our findings have the potential to provide more accurate risk assessments for patient outcomes and contribute to the development of individualized treatment plans.
Exploring extracellular matrix and prostaglandin pathway alterations across varying resection margin distances of right-sided colonic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Suwatthanarak Tharathorn , Tanjak Pariyada , Suwatthanarak Thanawat , Acharayothin Onchira , Thanormjit Kullanist , Chaiboonchoe Amphun , Tawantanakorn Thikhamporn , Phalanusitthepha Chainarong , Trakarnsanga Atthaphorn , Methasate Asada , Pithukpakorn Manop , Okamoto Ryuichi , Chinswangwatanakul Vitoon 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Surgical resection followed by indicated adjuvant therapy offers potential curative treatment in colonic adenocarcinoma. Beyond the well-established seed and soil theory of colon cancer progression, the 'normal-appearing' tissues near the tumor are not genuinely normal and remain as remnants in patients following surgery. Our objective was to elucidate the alteration of gene expression and pathways across various distances of resection margins in right-sided colonic adenocarcinoma.

Methods
Twenty-seven fresh samples of primary cancer and 56 matched non-tumor tissues adjacent to the tumor (NAT) were collected from patients with resectable right-sided colon cancer. NAT were systematically obtained at varying distances (1, 5, and 10 cm) on both proximal and distal sides. Comprehensive gene expression analysis was performed using 770-gene PanCancer Progression Panel, delineating distinctive pathways and functional predictions for each region.

Results
Distinctive gene signatures and pathways exhibited by normal-appearing tissues were discovered at varying distances from cancer. Notably, SFRP2, PTGDS, COL1A1, IL1B, THBS2, PTGIS, COL1A2, NPR1, and BGN were upregulated, while ENPEP, MMP1, and NRCAM were downregulated significantly in 1-cm tissue compared to farther distances. Substantial alterations in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and prostaglandin/thromboxane synthesis were significantly evident at the 1-cm distance. Functional analysis indicated enhanced cell viability and survival, alongside reduced cellular death and apoptosis.

Conclusions
Different distances exerted a significant impact on gene alteration within the normal-looking mucosa surrounding primary cancer, influenced by various mechanisms. These findings may highlight potential therapeutic targets related to the ECM and prostaglandin/thromboxane pathways for treatment strategies.
SINE-derived satellites in scaled reptiles
Authors: Vassetzky Nikita S. , Kosushkin Sergei A. , Ryskov Alexey P. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The genomes of many eukaryotes contain DNA repeats in the form of both tandem and interspersed elements with distinct structure, evolutionary histories, and mechanisms of emergence and amplification. Although there is considerable knowledge regarding their diversity, there is little evidence directly linking these two types.

Results
Different tandem repeats derived from portions of short interspersed elements (SINEs) belonging to different families were identified in 56 genomes of squamate reptiles. All loci of SINE-derived satellites (sSats) were thoroughly analyzed. Snake sSats exhibited high similarity in both structure and copy number, while other taxa may have highly diverse (geckos), rare (Darevskia lizards), or missing sSats (agamid lizards). Similar to most satellites associated with heterochromatin, sSats are likely linked to subtelomeric chromosomal regions.

Conclusions
Discovered tandem repeats derived from SINEs exhibit satellite-like properties, although they have not amplified to the same degree as typical satellites. The autonomous emergence of distinct sSats from diverse SINE families in numerous squamate species suggests a nonrandom process of satellite genesis originating from repetitive SINEs.
Risk of positive screening for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and night eating syndrome and associated risk factors in medical fellows in Northeastern Mexico: a multicenter study
Authors: Ortiz-Lopez Cynthia Isabel , Romero-Ibarguengoitia Maria Elena , Cobos-Aguilar Hector 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Eating disorders and food ingestion (EDs) are serious mental illnesses with a higher prevalence in young adults, with difficult diagnoses that cause serious morbidity and mortality problems. There is not much information about the risk of positive screening for EDs, specifically, anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) and night eating syndrome (NES) in undergraduate medical interns (UMI) and medical residents (MR) in Mexico.

Aim
To determine the risk of AN, BN and NES and to determine the risk factors of such conditions such as age, body mass index (BMI) and gender of MR and UMI with AN/BN and NES at four private hospitals in northeastern Mexico.

Methods
A cross-sectional, descriptive, non-randomized survey in MR and UMI in four hospitals in Northeastern Mexico was conducted using an electronic questionnaire that included: informed consent signature, SCOFF questionnaire for AN and BN screening, NES questionnaire. Also, a survey on general sociodemographic data of each participant was included. Chi-square test and a logistic regression model were computed for analyses.

Results
The population included a total of 129 MR and UMI. It was observed that 48.8% were positive for AN or BN and 32.6% were positive for the NES. There was no difference between age, sex, BMI, or medical specialty (if they were MR); however, MR from the first year had a higher risk of AN or BN (OR 23.7, 95% CI 1.181–475.266).

Conclusions
There was a higher risk of positive screening for AN or BN and NES in UMI and MR in our population. In the case of MR, those in first year have a higher risk of AN and BN. Timely diagnosis and treatment are mandatory in this population.
Management of treatment-resistant depression with esketamine nasal spray: clinical questions for daily practice in Gulf Cooperation Council countries
Authors: Ahmed Nahida Nayaz , Albishi Faisal , Khan Suhail A. , Alsayegh Ammar , Stip Emmanuel , Makhoul Samer 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
There is a high unmet need among patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) as treatment with standard therapies is associated with low response and remission rates and high rates of relapse. Esketamine nasal spray, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, is a novel, fast-acting treatment option for TRD. This article addresses common questions in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries regarding esketamine nasal spray by discussing the latest clinical evidence and by providing expert opinions.

Methods
Six expert psychiatrists from the GCC region with clinical experience in TRD reviewed and critically appraised published evidence on esketamine nasal spray for TRD and considered clinical guidelines, expert opinions and consensus statements. Consensus views were reached on clinical questions pertinent to implementing esketamine nasal spray for TRD in the GCC region.

Results
Clinical questions on patient identification, selection of serotonin reuptake inhibitors/serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, treatment duration, management of adverse events and clinical requirements for the safe administration of esketamine nasal spray were addressed.

Conclusions
Esketamine nasal spray represents a new treatment paradigm for TRD. This article provides clinical guidance based on the latest evidence and clinical experience to help mental health practitioners implement esketamine nasal spray into everyday clinical practice.
Cancer Risk Factors in Southern Brazil: Report of a Comprehensive, Matched Case-Control Study
Authors: Giacomazzi Juliana , Ziegelmann Patricia Klarmann , da Costa Samanta , Bittar Camila Matzenbacher , Obst Fernando Mariano , Rosset Clévia , Macedo Gabriel S. , Bock Hugo , Canal Thais , Paese Mari Ines , Benvenuti Jean Lucas , Buj Maria Carolina , Ashton-Prolla Patricia , Goldim José Roberto , Pozza Roberta 
Published: December 2023

PURPOSE To evaluate cancer risk factors among cancer cases and controls from Southern Brazil, to analyze a multigene hereditary panel testing (MGPT, 26 genes) for breast cancer (BC) and colorectal cancer (CCR) cases diagnosed age younger than 50 years and to characterize them for hereditary cancer syndrome (HCS) phenotypes. METHODS A case-control (matched by age group and sex) study was conducted on regional cancer. Data on exposure factors and first-/second-degree family history of cancer (1/2FHC) were collected. The MGPT was performed using Illumina next-generation sequencing technology. RESULTS A total of 1,007 cases and 1,007 controls were included. The most frequent cancers were BC (n = 311), CCR (n = 147), prostate (n = 132), and lung cancers (n = 89). It was independently associated with cancer, 1/2FHC, tobacco consumption (TC), pesticide exposure (PE), solvent/glue exposure, and BMI <24. BC was associated with 1/2FHC, TC, and hormone replacement therapy use; CCR with 1/2FHC, TC, and BMI <24; prostate cancer with 1/2FHC, TC, and alcohol consumption; and lung cancer with 1/2FHC, TC, PE, and BMI <24. MGPT identified pathogenic/likely pathogenic mutations in 24 (32%) women with BC and in three (18%) women and four (24%) men diagnosed with CCR at under 50 years. Among the tested patients under 50 years with diagnosed BC and CCR, 98.6% and 97% present criteria for HCS, respectively. CONCLUSION This study confirmed the association of several factors associated with BC, CCR, prostate, and lung cancers and reinforced the importance of evaluating FHC and genetic testing, especially for patients under 50 years with diagnosed BC or CCR. A better understanding of population-specific cancer risk factors builds on sustainable data for developing prevention strategies. These efforts increase the commitment to early detection and surveillance.
Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Young Patients With Breast Cancer in Brazil: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Correa Daniela B. , Araújo Guilhermino C. , Alvarenga Bruno H. , Rodrigues Angélica N. 
Published: December 2023

PURPOSE Understanding the epidemiological profile of young patients with breast cancer (BC) is crucial for devising effective control strategies. However, data on Brazilian patients with BC, particularly concerning the association with pathogenic germline mutations, are limited. This retrospective cross-sectional study seeks to shed light on the epidemiological and genetic profiles of young patients with BC in Brazil, with a specific focus on the correlation between germline mutations and clinical outcomes. METHODS We analyzed medical records from two institutions in Minas Gerais, Brazil, focusing on young patients with BC diagnosed from January 2012 to December 2020. The collected variables included sociodemographic profile, tumor characteristics, mutational status, follow-up duration, and time from diagnosis to death. RESULTS The findings highlight high rates of genetic mutations, more aggressive tumor characteristics, and the necessity for more radical surgical interventions in patients with mutations. CONCLUSION In general, young patients with BC in Brazil present an unfavorable prognosis, emphasizing the need for early diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies.
RNA-Based Homologous Recombination Deficiency Signature Detects Homologous Recombination Deficiency-RNA+ Patients With and Without Homologous Recombination Repair Gene Pathogenic Alterations in Men With Prostate Cancer
Authors: Brown Landon C. , Zhu Jason , Mauer Elizabeth , Thiede Stephanie N. , Macera Lisa , Stein Michelle M. , Taxter Timothy , Raghavan Derek , Burgess Earle F. 
Published: December 2023

PURPOSE Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is a well-described phenotype of some prostate cancers; however, current biomarkers for HRD are imperfect and rely on detection of single gene alterations in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway, which may not capture the complexity of HRD biology. RNA signature–based methods of HRD identification present a potentially dynamic assessment of the HRD phenotype; however, its relationship with HRR gene alterations is not well characterized in prostate cancer. METHODS A HRD assay on the basis of an RNA signature associated with biallelic BRCA1/2 loss was applied to a retrospective cohort study of 985 men with prostate cancer analyzed on the Tempus xT platform. HRD status was defined by a binary threshold on a continuous scale. RESULTS In this cohort, of the 126 (13%) patients found to be HRD+ by RNA signature (HRD-RNA+), 100 (79%) had no coexisting HRR gene alteration. Among samples with biallelic BRCA1/2 loss, 78% (7/9) were classified as HRD-RNA+, while 8% (2/25) of samples with BRCA1/2 monoallelic loss were HRD-RNA+. Biallelic and monoallelic ATM loss exhibited HRD-RNA+ at a lower prevalence: 6.7% (1/15) and 7.1% (1/14), respectively, compared with HRD-RNA+ prevalence among samples without any HRR gene loss (13%; 100/782). HRD-RNA+ was associated with a significantly higher prevalence of TP53 and AR gene alterations relative to HRD-RNA– after correction for multiple comparisons, 59% versus 39% ( q = 0.003) and 23% versus 12% ( q = 0.024), respectively. CONCLUSION Use of an RNA-based HRD signature significantly expands the fraction of patients with prostate cancer who may derive benefit from poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) compared with using HRR gene mutations alone. Further studies are needed to evaluate functional HRD significance and inform future usage as a predictive biomarker for PARPi selection.
Informal Cross-Border Trade in Africa: Operations, Policy, and Opportunities
Authors: Park Jimin , Lim Michael K. , Murali Karthik 
Published: December 2023

Informal cross-border trade (ICBT) refers to the illegal activities of cross-border commerce conducted by unregistered small-scale traders. We seek to develop insights to understand the ICBT value chain and offer policy recommendations to successfully integrate it into the formal economy. Using a game-theoretic model, we analyze the operations and key market dynamics of ICBT. We analyze the policy implications of three representative UN directives: enhancing marginalized traders’ access to formal channels, reducing export tax rates for formal traders, and introducing an alternative simplified trade regime (STR) for informal traders. All three policies result in an increase in government proceeds when the inherent profitability of the formal or STR channels is sufficiently high. Furthermore, social welfare increases when the policies effectively balance wholesale price competition within the formal and informal channels. We apply our model to a case study based on Uganda’s agricultural exports over an 11-year horizon. The access enhancement policy is most effective in increasing government proceeds but least effective in improving the welfare of other participants. The tax reduction policy enhances traders’ profitability but sacrifices the welfare of farmers and government proceeds substantially. Finally, the STR acknowledgement policy results in the largest increase in profitability of marginalized traders and farmers but comes at the cost of government proceeds. This paper was accepted by Jay Swaminathan, operations management. Funding: This work was supported by the Institute of Management Research, College of Business Administration, Seoul National University. Supplemental Material: The data and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.02479 .
Food consumption markers and minimum dietary diversity in different complementary feeding methods: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ruffoni Moreira Paula , Meirelles Nunes Leandro , Oliveira de Vargas Bruna , Gomes Erissandra , Rombaldi Bernardi Juliana 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To evaluate food consumption markers and minimum dietary diversity in 12-month-old infants exposed to different methods of food introduction. Methods: A randomized clinical trial with mother-infant pairs undergoing intervention on food introduction in three methods: Parent-Led Weaning (PLW), Baby-Led Introduction to SolidS (BLISS), and mixed (combination of the two techniques). Food consumption markers were evaluated by an online questionnaire at 12 months based on food consumed the previous day, using food consumption markers for children under 2 years of the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System. The study was approved by the ethics committee. Results: At 12 months, 136 children were evaluated: 45 allocated to PLW, 48 to BLISS, and 43 to mixed. The foods with the highest prevalence of consumption were breast milk 103 (75.7%), vegetables 122 (89.7%), meat 135 (99.3%), beans 115 (84.6%), rice, potatoes, or yam 135 (99.3%). Ultra-processed foods were present in the diet of infants, including hamburgers or sausages 3 (2.2%), sweetened beverages 2 (1.5%), instant noodles 4 (2.9%), and sandwich cookies 2 (1.5 %). No differences were found between the methods of introducing complementary feeding. The minimum dietary diversity was present in the diet of 22 infants (16.2%), being: 6 (13.3%) in the PLW, 8 (16.7%) in the BLISS, and 8 (18.6%) in the mixed (p=0.793). Conclusion: Breast milk, vegetables, meat, beans, and rice were present in the diet of most infants; however, the prevalence of minimal dietary diversity was low. The consumption of ultra-processed foods was also present in the diet of infants. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC) identification RBR-229scm.
Estado nutricional e consumo alimentar de vegetarianos estritos e não estritos
Authors: Feres Moreira Lima Daniel , De Sousa Cruz Raimunda Jamille , Nobrega Gomes de Matos Pedro Uri , Miranda Santos Karla Jaynara , Sousa Rodrigues Glaucia Helena , Vieira da Silva Martins Isabelle Christine , Dias Reis Andréa , Pereira Pinto Dias Luciana , Ferreira de Sousa Carvalho Laís 
Published: December 2023

Introdução: O número de adeptos ao vegetarianismo tem crescido consideravelmente. Observa-se que, entre as vantagens de se adotar uma dieta vegetariana, está o menor risco de desenvolver sobrepeso e obesidade, o que pode estar relacionado com o alto consumo de vegetais e práticas importantes de estilo de vida. Objetivos: Avaliar o estado nutricional e a frequência do consumo alimentar de vegetarianos não estritos e estritos. Métodos: Estudo transversal descritivo, realizado com participantes do grupo “Vegans SLZ”, de ambos os sexos e com idade a partir de 18 anos. A coleta de dados ocorreu de janeiro a março de 2020. Foi realizada aplicação de questionários sobre dados de frequência do consumo alimentar, socioeconômico e de estilo de vida e a aferição de medidas de peso corporal, estatura e de percentuais de gordura corporal e massa muscular. Os dados foram tabulados no Excel 2010® e analisados no programa estatístico R Studio versão 3.6.1. Resultados: Dos 43 vegetarianos avaliados, a maioria seguia a dieta vegetariana estrita (55,81%) e era eutrófica (62,79%), 32,56% apresentaram alto percentual de gordura corporal e 53,49% percentual de massa magra corporal normal. Foi frequente o consumo de pães, cereais, tubérculos, leguminosas, oleaginosas, frutas e verduras, e 41% consumiam alimentos industrializados de 4 a 7 vezes por semana. Conclusões: A maioria da amostra tinha estado nutricional eutrófico e consumo regular de todos os grupos alimentares, porém com importante consumo de alimentos industrializados.