bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What do stances on immigrants' welfare entitlement mean? Evidence from a correlational class analysis
Authors: Lindner Thijs , Daenekindt Stijn , de Koster Willem , van der Waal Jeroen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRecent in‐depth qualitative research indicates that different people ascribe different meanings to their apparently similar stances on immigrants' entitlement to welfare. We are the first to investigate such variation quantitatively among the public‐at‐large, applying the novel method Correlational Class Analysis to an original survey fielded among a representative sample in the Netherlands (n = 2138). We uncover five ways of looking at immigrants' entitlement to welfare, each including both people who oppose that entitlement and those who support it. People who adhere to these different viewpoints substantially differ when it comes to income, education, religious denomination, and political preference. We interpret these unique findings and discuss them in relation to the extant literature on welfare chauvinism. Moreover, uncovering what people's stances regarding immigrants' entitlement to welfare mean not only advances the scholarly debate on welfare chauvinism, but also provides a stepping stone for meaning‐oriented sociological research on public opinion more generally.
China's role in our global economy: Contributions from generalized trade
Authors: Liu Yong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs the world's second largest economy, China plays an important role in our global trade. As a rule, however, more attention is paid to trade in barter or currency form rather than to virtual modes, such as virtual‐water, ‐energy, ‐land, and‐labor trade, in spite of the fact that the latte can also be crucial. Previous studies focused on one single form and could not get a comprehensive understanding of trade. A term of generalized trade was applied when taking all these trades into consideration. This paper aimed to investigate China's role in our global trade under the generalized trade framework. Results indicate that China has been not only the largest physical trader but also one of the largest virtual traders, and its role has been even more essential than expected when considering both physical and virtual trade. In practice, generalized trade would occur in other economies, which should shift additional attention from traditional physical trade to generalized trade when building our community with a shared future for mankind.
Bacteriocins: Curial guardians of gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Gu Qing , Yan Jiaqian , Lou Yeqing , Zhang Zihao , Li Yonglu , Zhu Zichun , Liu Manman , Wu Danli , Liang Ying , Pu Jiaqian , Zhao Xiaodan , Xiao Hang , Li Ping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe human gastrointestinal (GI) tract microbiome secretes various metabolites that play pivotal roles in maintaining host physiological balance and influencing disease progression. Among these metabolites, bacteriocins—small, heat‐stable peptides synthesized by ribosomes—are notably prevalent in the GI region. Their multifaceted benefits have garnered significant interest in the scientific community. This review comprehensively explores the methods for mining bacteriocins (traditional separation and purification, bioinformatics, and artificial intelligence), their effects on the stomach and intestines, and their complex bioactive mechanisms. These mechanisms include flora regulation, biological barrier restoration, and intervention in epithelial cell pathways. By detailing each well‐documented bacteriocin, we reveal the diverse ways in which bacteriocins interact with the GI environment. Moreover, the future research direction is prospected. By further studying the function and interaction of intestinal bacteriocins, we can discover new pharmacological targets and develop drugs targeting intestinal bacteriocins to regulate and improve human health. It provides innovative ideas and infinite possibilities for further exploration, development, and utilization of bacteriocins. The inevitable fact is that the continuously exploration of bacteriocins is sure to bring the promising future for demic GI health understanding and interference strategy.
Assessment of contrast intravasation in patients investigated by fluoroscopic hysterosalpingograms: A two‐year retrospective audit in Western Australia
Authors: Chia Ci Yue , Lee Emmeline 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionIntravasation on hysterosalpingogram (HSG) is defined by the flow of injected contrast from the uterine cavity into adjacent myometrial vessels. Evidence suggests intravasation can result in consequences such as pulmonary and cerebral embolisms. However, adverse events are poorly reported across published studies. Reported intravasation ranges from 0.0% to 13%, with higher rates attributed to oil‐soluble contrast medium (OSCM) use. Recent reviews of OSCM's fertility‐enhancing benefits have prompted rapid clinical uptake by fertility specialists worldwide. This instigates increased concern for intravasation and its associated sequelae. We aim to assess the prevalence of intravasation in fluoroscopic HSGs and its reporting in Western Australia (WA).MethodsA two‐year retrospective analysis of all fluoroscopic HSGs in one public teaching hospital within WA was conducted. All HSGs were retrieved from the public radiology information system and a blinded method was utilised to verify the presence and grading of intravasation in captured HSG images. Grading of intravasation was attributed by anatomical spread: 1 to myometrium, 2 to parametrium and 3 to para‐iliac vessels. Results were subsequently compared with reported intravasation to assess for discrepancies.ResultsOf 308 successful HSGs, an intravasation rate of 7.1% was identified. Of these cases, 45% were reported and 32% were graded. Majority (73%) of intravasation events were classified as grade 1, with 9.0% and 18% of cases classified as grade 2 and 3, respectively.ConclusionUnder‐reporting of intravasation emphasises a need for increased vigilance of radiologists. Standardised classification can provide interpretational consistency and should be considered to improve safety in future practice.
Volatile capture technology in sustainable anaesthetic practice: a narrative review
Authors: Gandhi J. , Barker K. , Cross S. , Goddard A. , Vaghela M. , Cooper A. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryAnaesthetic practice contributes to climate change. Volatile capture technology, typically based on adsorption to a carbon‐ or silica‐based substrate, has the potential to mitigate some of the harmful effects of using halogenated hydrocarbons. Anaesthetists have a professional responsibility to use anaesthetic agents which offer the greatest safety and clinical benefit with the lowest financial cost and environmental impacts. Inhalational anaesthetics should be used at an appropriate concentration with a minimal fresh gas flow via a circle system to minimise unnecessary waste. Once practice efficiencies have been maximised, only then should technical solutions such as volatile capture be employed. In this narrative review, we focus on the available literature relating to volatile capture technology, obtained via a targeted literature search and through contacting manufacturers and researchers. We found six studies focusing on the Blue‐Zone Technologies Deltasorb®, SageTech Medical SID and Baxter/ZeoSys CONTRAfluran™ volatile capture systems. Though laboratory analyses of available systems suggest that > 95% in vitro mass transfer is possible for all three systems, the in vivo results for capture efficiency vary from 25% to 73%. Currently, there is no financial incentive for healthcare organisations to capture waste anaesthetic gases, and so the value of volatile capture technology requires quantification. System‐level organisations, such as Greener NHS, are best positioned to commission such evaluations and make policy decisions to guide investment. Further research using volatile capture technology in real‐world settings is necessary and we highlight some priority research questions to improve our understanding of the utility of this group of technologies.
The Nitrous Oxide Project: assessment of advocacy and national directives to deliver mitigation of anaesthetic nitrous oxide
Authors: Chakera A. , Harrison S. , Mitchell J. , Oliver C. , Ralph M. , Shelton C. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThe environmental emissions attributed to anaesthetic nitrous oxide across the NHS are comparable to the carbon dioxide released by 135,000 flights from Frankfurt to New York. Much of these emissions are attributable to cumbersome and inadequately managed piped systems, resulting in excessive loss and waste. Since 2020, multiple hospital sites have been engaging with the Nitrous Oxide Project, a quality improvement method supporting a ‘lean systems’ approach to the provision of nitrous oxide. This review considers the frameworks supporting medical gas management in UK healthcare systems, and the impact of professional advocacy and medical gas stewardship to drive anaesthetic nitrous oxide mitigation in the NHS. Nitrous oxide mitigation efforts by grassroots and professional advocacy networks are enhanced through national centralised emission monitoring, distribution of data, technical information and provision of quality analysis. Given the climate harms of nitrous oxide, concerted efforts should be made to rationalise its use, and resources should be committed to supporting this at local, regional and national levels.
Lessons following implementation of a colorectal enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in a rural hospital setting
Authors: Tolmay Stephen , Rahiri Jamie‐Lee , Snoep Kim , Fewster Gillian , Kee Rachel , Lim Yukai , Watson Bridget , Richter Konrad Klaus 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionEnhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs have become increasingly popular in the management of patients undergoing colorectal resection. However, the validity of ERAS in rural hospital settings without intensive care facilities has not been primarily evaluated. This study aimed to assess an ERAS protocol in a rural surgical department based in Invercargill New Zealand.MethodsTen years of prospectively collected data were analysed retrospectively from an ERAS database of all patients undergoing open, converted, or laparoscopic colorectal resections. Data were collected between two time periods: before the implementation of an ERAS protocol, from January 2011 to December 2013; as well as after the implementation of an ERAS protocol, from January 2014 to December 2020. The primary outcome measures were hospital length of stay (LOS) and LOS in the critical care unit (LOS‐CCU). Secondary outcomes were compliance with ERAS protocol, mortality, readmission, and reoperation rates.ResultsA total of 118 and 558 colorectal resections were performed in the pre‐ERAS and ERAS groups respectively. A statistically significant reduction in hospital LOS was achieved from a median of 8 to 7 days (P = 0.038) when comparing pre‐ERAS to ERAS groups respectively. Furthermore, a significant reduction in re‐operation rates was observed (7.6% vs. 3% in the ERAS group, P = 0.033) which was seen without a rise in readmission rates (13.6% vs. 13.6% in the ERAS group).ConclusionThe implementation of ERAS in a rural surgical setting is feasible, and these initial findings suggest ERAS adds value in optimizing the colorectal patient's surgical journey.
Outcomes of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in early pregnancy—A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rodriguez‐Wallberg Kenny A. , Nilsson Hanna P. , Røthe Emelie Bergman , Zhao Allan , Shah Prakesh S. , Acharya Ganesh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionAvailable data on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection and pregnancy outcomes mostly refer to women contracting the infection during advanced pregnancy or close to delivery. There is limited information on the association between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in early pregnancy and outcomes thereof.Material and methodsWe aimed to systematically review the maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in early pregnancy, defined as <20 weeks of gestation (PROSPERO Registration 2020 CRD42020177673). Searches were carried out in PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and Scopus databases from January 2020 until April 2023 and the WHO database of publications on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) from December 2019 to April 2023. Cohort and case–control studies on COVID‐19 occurring in early pregnancy that reported data on maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes were included. Case reports and studies reporting only exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2 or not stratifying outcomes based on gestational age were excluded. Data were extracted in duplicate. Meta‐analyses were conducted when appropriate, using R meta (R version 4.0.5).ResultsA total of 18 studies, 12 retrospective and six prospective, were included in this review, reporting on 10 147 SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive women infected in early pregnancy, 9533 neonates, and 180 882 SARS‐CoV‐2 negative women. The studies had low to moderate risk of bias according to the Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment Scale. The studies showed significant clinical and methodological heterogeneity. A meta‐analysis could be performed only on the outcome miscarriage rate, with a pooled random effect odds ratio of 1.44 (95% confidence interval 0.96–2.18), showing no statistical difference in miscarriage in SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected women. Individual studies reported increased incidences of stillbirth, low birthweight and preterm birth among neonates born to mothers affected by COVID‐19 in early pregnancy; however, these results were not consistent among all studies.ConclusionsIn this comprehensive systematic review of available evidence, we identified no statistically significant adverse association between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in early pregnancy (before 20 weeks of gestation) and fetal, neonatal, or maternal outcomes. However, a 44% increase in miscarriage rate is concerning and further studies of larger sample size are needed to confirm or refute our findings.
Systematic review with meta‐analysis: Cause‐specific and all‐cause mortality trends across different coeliac disease phenotypes
Authors: Maimaris Stiliano , Schiepatti Annalisa , Biagi Federico 
Published: January 2024

SummaryBackgroundData on mortality in coeliac disease are contrasting.AimsTo systematically review the literature on all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality in coeliac disease compared to the general population, and evaluate differences across clinical phenotypes, geographical regions, and over time.MethodsWe searched PubMed and Embase from 1 January 1970 to 31 December 2022 for eligible studies reporting on all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality in coeliac disease compared to the general population or controls. The protocol was registered on Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/852DN).ResultsWe included 25 studies. All‐cause mortality (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.05–1.27, I2 = 89%), mortality due to malignancies (HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.08–1.36, I2 = 65%) and respiratory disease (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.04–1.86, I2 = 76%) were increased. Mortality due to non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (HR 10.14, 95% CI 2.19–46.88, I2 = 96%) was markedly increased. Mortality significantly decreased in recent decades: 1989–2004 (HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.27–2.03, I2 = 91%), 2005–2014 (HR 1.16, 95% CI 0.99–1.36, I2 = 89%), 2015–2022 (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.05–1.35, I2 = 93%). All‐cause mortality was not increased in dermatitis herpetiformis (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.73–0.99, I2 = 40%) and undiagnosed coeliac disease (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.95–1.25, I2 = 0%). Mortality was increased in the UK (HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.03–1.47, I2 = 91%) but not Scandinavia (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.91–1.13, I2 = 81%). Limitations include high heterogeneity and lack of data for many countries.ConclusionMortality in coeliac disease is increased, predominantly due to malignancies—particularly non‐Hodgkin lymphoma—although differing significantly across disease phenotypes. Mortality of patients with coeliac disease has significantly decreased in recent decades. These results may influence diagnosis and management.
The post‐stroke young adult brain has limited capacity to re‐express the gene expression patterns seen during early postnatal brain development
Authors: Ruscu Mihai , Capitanescu Bogdan , Rupek Paul , Dandekar Thomas , Radu Eugen , Hermann Dirk M. , Popa‐Wagner Aurel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe developmental origins of the brain's response to injury can play an important role in recovery after a brain lesion. In this study, we investigated whether the ischemic young adult brain can re‐express brain plasticity genes that were active during early postnatal development. Differentially expressed genes in the cortex of juvenile post‐natal day 3 and the peri‐infarcted cortical areas of young, 3‐month‐old post‐stroke rats were identified using fixed‐effects modeling within an empirical Bayes framework through condition‐specific comparison. To further analyze potential biological processes, upregulated and downregulated genes were assessed for enrichment using GSEA software. The genes showing the highest expression changes were subsequently verified through RT‐PCR. Our findings indicate that the adult brain partially recapitulates the gene expression profile observed in the juvenile brain but fails to upregulate many genes and pathways necessary for brain plasticity. Of the upregulated genes in post‐stroke brains, specific roles have not been assigned to Apobec1, Cenpf, Ect2, Folr2, Glipr1, Myo1f, and Pttg1. New genes that failed to upregulate in the adult post‐stroke brain include Bex4, Cd24, Klhl1/Mrp2, Trim67, and St8sia2. Among the upregulated pathways, the largest change was observed in the KEGG pathway “One carbon pool of folate,” which is necessary for cellular proliferation, followed by the KEGG pathway “Antifolate resistance,” whose genes mainly encode the family of ABC transporters responsible for the efflux of drugs that have entered the brain. We also noted three less‐described downregulated KEGG pathways in experimental models: glycolipid biosynthesis, oxytocin, and cortisol pathways, which could be relevant as therapeutic targets. The limited brain plasticity of the adult brain is illustrated through molecular and histological analysis of the axonal growth factor, KIF4. Collectively, these results strongly suggest that further research is needed to decipher the complex genetic mechanisms that prevent the re‐expression of brain plasticity‐associated genes in the adult brain.
Paternal postnatal depression and parenting behaviours in the first year of life
Authors: Constable Remy , Price Shelby , Mallan Kimberley M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPaternal postnatal depression (PPD) symptomology has been positively associated with poorer outcomes for children. One mechanism by which PPD is thought to influence child outcomes is through parenting. The current study investigated the association between paternal postnatal depressive symptoms and parenting behaviours.MethodFathers (N = 213) with an infant (mean age = 7 months, 46% female) between 2 and 12 months old were recruited through community and social media advertisements, as well as a paid survey recruitment website. Fathers completed a questionnaire on their symptoms of PPD and how they care for and raise their child (parental warmth, irritability, engagement in enrichment, play and safety behaviours).ResultsFathers experiencing greater levels of PPD symptomatology self‐reported higher irritability, lower warmth and fewer safe parenting behaviours but did not report lower enrichment or play with their infants.ConclusionOverall, findings suggest that PPD symptomology may impact negatively on aspects of fathers' parenting behaviours. Further research using larger and more diverse samples is needed to assess the generalisability of these findings.
Factors associated with children's cognitive, language, and motor development in deprived urban settings in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Sheikh Jamal , Hamadani Jena Derakhshani , Tofail Fahmida , Fisher Jane , Rahman Md. Anisur , Rahman Syed Moshfiqur 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundChildren's development is multifactorial. Although there have been several studies exploring the association of children's development with maternal, child, and environmental factors, we are unaware of any study that assessed those factors in children whose mothers were enrolled in a social safety net programme in low‐ and middle‐income countries. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with disadvantaged children's cognitive, language, and motor development at age 6–16 months in deprived settings of urban Bangladesh and to identify relative importance of these factors of children's development. We also explored if there were any gender differences in child development.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted in a deprived setting of urban Bangladesh. Bayley III was used for assessing children's cognitive, language, and motor development. Multivariable linear regression model was used to find the factors associated with children's development, and dominance analysis was used to explore the relative importance of the factors.ResultsOut of the total 599 mother–child dyads, 303 (50.58%) were girls. The factors associated with children's development were length‐for‐age Z‐score (cognitive: B = 1.21 [95% CI = 0.31, 2.11], P = 0.008; language: 1.67 [0.79, 2.55] P < 0.001; motor: 2.15 [1.01, 3.29] P < 0.001) and home environment (cognitive: 0.58 [0.27, 0.89] P < 0.001; language: 0.59 [0.27, 0.92], P < 0.001; motor: 0.44 [0.09, 0.79] P = 0.013). Girls had higher cognitive (1.90 [0.17, 3.6], P = 0.031) and language (2.53 [0.55, 4.51], P = 0.013) development compared with boys. Families with a higher number of under five children within the households had lower language (−1.57 [−2.78, −0.36], P = 0.011) development. Violence against the mother and the families' food security status were not associated with the children's development. Children's length‐for‐age Z‐score (27%) and home stimulation environment (23%) were the most important factors of cognitive development.ConclusionChildren's nutritional status and home environment are important factors for disadvantaged children's development in deprived urban settings of Bangladesh. Both early child development‐focussed parenting and nutrition interventions should be considered when designing child development programmes in urban settings in low‐ and middle‐income countries.
‘Who's got my back?’: Worker safety in the context of domestic abuse
Authors: Humphreys Cathy , Isobe Jasmin , Kertesz Margaret 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe safety of practitioners working in the area of domestic abuse is a current subject of research and practice concern, as services endeavour to better understand constantly evolving tactics of violence and abuse and respond appropriately. This paper reports on a subset of findings from a practice‐led research project focussed on capacity‐building workers and their organizations to address domestic abuse, which highlighted the ongoing concerns expressed by practitioners—particularly female practitioners—about their own physical, emotional, and professional safety. Ethnographic notes were taken of Community of Practice discussions in four regions of New South Wales, Australia, involving 69 senior health practitioners from a range of service streams: specialist domestic abuse, mental health, substance use, and child protection. Themes identified through thematic analysis included the following: a tailored approach to practising safely; attending to physical safety; threats to professional identity; promoting emotional well‐being; documentation to support worker safety; and attending to cultural safety. These themes are encapsulated in the practitioner question: Who's got my back?—highlighting the importance of legislation, policy, and practices that provide an environment in which safety and support are embedded in a culture of care at every organizational level.