bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting postoperative coronal alignment after fixed-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty using a new morphological assessment method: the arithmetic hip-knee-ankle angle
Authors: Nakano Naoki , Tsubosaka Masanori , Kamenaga Tomoyuki , Kuroda Yuichi , Ishida Kazunari , Hayashi Shinya , Kuroda Ryosuke , Matsumoto Tomoyuki 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Only a few reports have been published so far on factors that predict postoperative coronal alignment after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between the arithmetic hip-knee-ankle angle (aHKA) and postoperative coronal alignment after medial fixed-bearing UKA.

Methods
One hundred and one consecutive patients (125 knees) who underwent medial fixed-bearing UKA were assessed. Pre- and postoperative coronal HKA angles, lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), and the thickness of the tibial and femoral bone cut were measured. aHKA was calculated as 180° − LDFA + MPTA. Correlations between postoperative HKA angle and aHKA, LDFA, and MPTA were investigated by single regression analysis. After the patients were divided into three groups according to the postoperative HKA angle, i.e., HKA angle > 180°, 175° < HKA angle ≤ 180°, and HKA angle ≤ 175°, aHKA, LDFA, MPTA, preoperative HKA angle, and the thickness of the distal femoral as well as tibial bone cut were compared among the three groups.

Results
aHKA and MPTA were positively correlated with postoperative HKA angle, while no correlation was found between postoperative HKA angle and LDFA. Among the three groups classified by postoperative HKA angle, significant differences were found in aHKA, MPTA, and preoperative HKA angle, while no significant difference was found in LDFA and the amount of distal femoral and tibial osteotomies.

Conclusions
aHKA was correlated with postoperative HKA angle after medial fixed-bearing UKA, which was probably due to the influence of MPTA.
A neural network model for detection and classification of lumbar spinal stenosis on MRI
Authors: Tumko Vladislav , Kim Jack , Uspenskaia Natalia , Honig Shaun , Abel Frederik , Lebl Darren R. , Hotalen Irene , Kolisnyk Serhii , Kochnev Mikhail , Rusakov Andrej , Mourad Raphaël 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To develop a three-stage convolutional neural network (CNN) approach to segment anatomical structures, classify the presence of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) for all 3 stenosis types: central, lateral recess and foraminal and assess its severity on spine MRI and to demonstrate its efficacy as an accurate and consistent diagnostic tool.

Methods
The three-stage model was trained on 1635 annotated lumbar spine MRI studies consisting of T2-weighted sagittal and axial planes at each vertebral level. Accuracy of the model was evaluated on an external validation set of 150 MRI studies graded on a scale of absent, mild, moderate or severe by a panel of 7 radiologists. The reference standard for all types was determined by majority voting and in case of disagreement, adjudicated by an external radiologist. The radiologists’ diagnoses were then compared to the diagnoses of the model.

Results
The model showed comparable performance to the radiologist average both in terms of the determination of presence/absence of LSS as well as severity classification, for all 3 stenosis types. In the case of central canal stenosis, the sensitivity, specificity and AUROC of the CNN were (0.971, 0.864, 0.963) for binary (presence/absence) classification compared to the radiologist average of (0.786, 0.899, 0.842). For lateral recess stenosis, the sensitivity, specificity and AUROC of the CNN were (0.853, 0.787, 0.907) compared to the radiologist average of (0.713, 0.898, 805). For foraminal stenosis, the sensitivity, specificity and AUROC of the CNN were (0.942, 0.844, 0.950) compared to the radiologist average of (0.879, 0.877, 0.878). Multi-class severity classifications showed similarly comparable statistics.

Conclusions
The CNN showed comparable performance to radiologist subspecialists for the detection and classification of LSS. The integration of neural network models in the detection of LSS could bring higher accuracy, efficiency, consistency, and post-hoc interpretability in diagnostic practices.
Covid-19 Lockdown Loneliness and Mental Health: The Mediating Role of Basic Need Satisfaction Across Different Age Groups
Authors: van der Sloot Racine Jo Aleida , Vauclair Christin-Melanie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCovid-19 and its lockdown measures have uniquely challenged people’s wellbeing and numerous studies have been carried out to understand the effects of such lockdown measures on mental health. Yet, to date most of these studies do not assess psychological pathways and conditional effects. By drawing on self-determination theory, the present study tested whether the relationship between lockdown loneliness and mental health is mediated via basic needs satisfaction (relatedness, autonomy, and competence) and whether these associations are exacerbated for younger age groups. A total of 339 Portuguese residents completed an anonymous web-based survey during the Covid-19 lockdown in March 2021. The results corroborate a significant link between perceived loneliness and anxiety as well as depression. Parallel mediation analyses showed that competence consistently mediated the lockdown loneliness-mental health link. Moderated mediated analyses also confirmed that the psychosocial pathway applied most strongly to younger age groups. These findings highlight the role of social factors for competence need satisfaction and mental health among younger people during the Covid-19 lockdown in Portugal. The results also point to potential avenues for future prevention measures to mitigate the harmful effects that social exclusion can bring about.
Urban geochemistry of heavy metals in road dust from Cairo megacity, Egypt: enrichment, sources, contamination, and health risks
Authors: Mostafa Mouataz Tarek , El-Nady Habash , Gomaa Ramadan Mohammed , Abdelgawad Hany Fathy , Abdelhafiz Mahmoud A. , Salman Salman Abd Elraouf , Khalifa Ibrahim Hussein 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTraffic emissions, overpopulation, and poor urban planning have degraded the environmental quality of the Greater Cairo megacity. As road dust is considered the main sink of pollutants in urban environments, thirty road dust samples from six major roads were collected. ICP-OES was used to analyze the samples in order to determine the contamination grade using the pollution indices, decipher metal sources and geochemical associations using multivariate analysis, and evaluate the ecological and human health risks. The average contents of heavy metals were arranged in decreasing order: Fe (1181.12), Zn (201.36), Pb (66.10), Ni (32.42), Cu (26.07), Cr (26.00), Co (14.78), As (2.76), and Hg (0.93) mg/kg. The spatial pattern showed that new urban communities exhibited lower contamination levels compared to unplanned old districts, especially for traffic elements (Pb, Zn, and Cu). The highest Igeo mean value was observed for Hg (3.34) followed by Zn (1.34), Pb (1.24), Ni (0.10), As (− 0.19), Co (− 0.24), Cu (− 0.73), and Cr (− 1.05). Additionally, CF values indicated very high contamination levels for Pb and Zn, whereas the highest PLI value was observed at Ramses Street. All EF values were higher than 1.5, indicating the anthropogenic enrichment of metals. RI values classified Cairo as a region with considerable ecological risk, observing that Hg was the main contributor. Correlation analysis and PCA showed that Pb and Zn originated from vehicle exhaust, Hg, Cu, and As from domestic and industrial activities, and Fe and Co from natural origin. Cr and Ni exhibited potential carcinogenic risks for children through ingestion; conversely, the non-carcinogenic risks were within safe levels. As a result, the use of clean energy is recommended to mitigate the accumulation of heavy metals in road dust and to improve the quality of life.
Functionalized gold nanorods turn-on chemosensor for selective detection of Cd2+ ions, bio-imaging, and antineoplastic evaluations
Authors: El-Nahass Marwa N. , Bakr Eman A. , Fayed Tarek A. , Hamada Wafaa M. , Salem Maha M. , Radwan Aliaa M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA colorimetric turn-on chemosensor based on gold nanorods, Au NRs, has been developed to enable rapid, facile, and simultaneous detection of hazardous metal ions. This study involved the functionalization of gold nanorods with (9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydro-anthracen-1-yl)-dithiocarbamic acid (DTAD) through the utilization of synthetic photo-irradiation and ultrasound techniques. Various spectroscopic methods were employed to characterize both the synthesized gold nanorods and the chemosensor. The optical response of this sensor was investigated with respect to a range of metal ions, including Mg2+, K+, Ca2+, Mn2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+. The results reveal that the DTAD-functionalized gold nanorods chemosensor effectively discriminates all the investigated metal ions, with Cd2+ ions exhibiting higher sensitivity and selectivity compared to the other metal ions. Moreover, the anticancer impact of both gold nanorods and DTAD-functionalized gold nanorods was investigated on a panel of cell lines as breast cancer (MCF-7), liver cancer (HepG-2), and colon cancer (Caco-2) using MTT assay. Further, the morphological features and Annexin V using flow cytometry were carried. Comparative analysis with a free chemosensor showed that fluorescence images of living cells were notably brighter in the presence of Cd2+, highlighting the efficacy of DTAD-functionalized gold nanorods as a fluorescent biosensor for Cd2+ ions. Additionally, the in vitro anticancer study showed that gold nanorods significantly inhibited the growth of all cancer cells than DTAD-functionalized gold nanorods with best antiproliferative effect on HepG-2 hepatocellular carcinoma with IC50 values equal to 1.971 ± 1.28, 40.95 ± 2.56 µg/mL, respectively, compared to DOX. Also, the alteration in the HepG-2 morphological shape and Annexin V results confirmed the great antineoplastic effect of Au NRs than DTAD-Au NRs.
“Lies My Teacher Told Me”
Authors: Warner Mark S. , Rivers Cofield Sara 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA major problem in collections management is the lack of training about collections in all facets of archaeology. Ignorance about both ethical obligations and practical steps associated with collections is arguably the leading contributor to the ongoing curation crisis. This work summarizes shortcomings in collections training in academia and in cultural resource management, and it proceeds to identify some steps that can be taken to provide training for students and professional archaeologists. The overriding argument is that more training in all aspects of collections is absolutely essential to addressing and beginning to mitigate the overwhelming problems the discipline faces in caring for archaeological collections.
Quantifying racial disparities in risk of invasive Staphylococcus aureus infection in Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, during the 2020–2021 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
Authors: Kaur Singh Herveen , Prakash-Asrani Radhika , Pall Allison , Ray Susan M. , Tobin-D’Angelo Melissa , Fridkin Scott K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe estimated the racial disparity in rates of invasive S. aureus infections based on community coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rates at the county level. Our data suggest that COVID-19 infection burden (1) affects not only hospital-onset MRSA invasive infection risk but also community-onset S. aureus invasive infection risk and (2) affects Black residents ∼60% more than White residents.
Stew in silence or boil up gradually? A process model of employees’ remedial voice
Authors: Zheng Xiaotao , Wu Bingqing , Park Haesang , Yu MingChuan , Yang Xiaoling 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrior studies have treated employees’ remedial voice as a single-stage phenomenon. However, it is problematic because, in reality, employees often respond to mistreatment in a sequence. This paper aims to add new insights by empirically testing a three-stage process model to explain employees’ remedial voice. Also, this study intends to test important factors in the employees’ remedial voice decision-making process. Based on data obtained by surveying 382 Chinese employees, we found that mistreatment severity, mistreatment source, and employees’ external job opportunities are related to employees’ remedial voice. Our data provides support for a three-stage-process model for remedial voice. We contribute to the gaps in the existing research which largely views employees’ remedial voice as a single ‘snapshot.’ The study also deepens understanding of what factors affect employees’ remedial voice.
The Onomastics of Characters in the Kabyle Tullist Genre
Authors: Mohand Saidi Saida 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article highlights, through a poetic approach, the onomastics of the character in a genre called tullist in the Amazigh language. The article works through the first ten collections of texts designated by the terms Tullizt / Tullist that mark the beginnings of this genre (1998–2008). An in-depth analysis then reveals the different naming processes that Kabyle writers use in assigning names to their characters. The article concludes by offering a brief sociological discussion on the semantics of the assigned names.
To Be or Not to Be A Nomad: The Limits of Iconoclasm in Si Mohand U'Mhand's Poetry
Authors: Chouiten Lynda 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe nineteenth-century Kabyle poet Si Mohand U'Mhand is often celebrated as an icon of freedom and unconventionality. Questioning this myth, the purpose of this article is to demonstrate that this bard was rather a liminal figure that oscillated between iconoclasm and conservatism. Drawing on Gilles Deleuze's and Felix Guattari's A Thousand Plateaus and Mikhaïl Bakhtin's concept of the carnivalesque, the article argues that despite Si Mohand's being a notorious wanderer, he was not a nomad in that his poetry betrays a longing for the “State.” Indeed, the poet lamented his nomadic and unconventional lifestyle as the mark of a social and moral decline forced on him by the colonial intrusion, which stripped his family of their lands following his father's execution. In addition, the poet perpetuates the hierarchized and prejudiced traditional representations of his society's different social classes and racial components.
Comparison of methods to detect interspecific competition among parasites in depauperate communities
Authors: Barger M.A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Because conducting experimental coinfections is intractable in most parasite systems, inferences about the presence and strength of interspecific interactions in parasite communities are often made from analyses of field data. It is unclear whether methods used to test for competition are able to detect competition in field-collected datasets. Data from a study of the intestinal helminth communities of creek chub (Semotilus atromaculatus) were used to explore the potential of commonly available methods to detect negative interactions among parasite species in species-poor, low-intensity communities. Model communities were built in the absence of competition and then modified by four modes of competition. Both parametric and null model approaches were utilized to analyze modelled parasite communities to determine the conditions under which competitive interactions were discerned. Correlations had low Type I error rates but did not reliably detect competition, when present, at a statistically significant level. Results from logistical regressions were similar but showed improved statistical power. Results from null model approaches varied. Envelope analyses had near ideal properties when parasite prevalence was high but had high Type I error rates in low prevalence communities. Co-occurrence analyses demonstrated promising results with certain co-occurrence metrics and randomization algorithms, but also had many more cases of failure to detect competition when present and/or reject competition when it was absent. No analytical approach was clearly superior, and the variability observed in the present investigation mirrors similar efforts, suggesting that clear guidelines for detecting competition in parasite communities with observational data will be elusive.
Opportunistic observation effort and seasonal-spatial fidelity: a qualitative approach, applied to an Orcinus orca first record
Authors: Melville Guy E. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study formulates a qualitative image-based approach to establishing cetacean sightings’ effort at an ecosystem scale in the Gulf of Maine. As a first step, I investigate a rare set of long-term sightings (2008–2017, the study period) of a male killer whale (Orcinus orca) representing unusually consistent occurrences, without considering observation effort. Largely unknown, killer whale populations in the NW Atlantic are tiny, travelling over vast areas, and at risk of human-caused extinction. The synthesis uses opportunistic observations, reported mainly by recreational mariners and commercial fishers incorporated into data manipulations anonymously. Adding an effort index using the qualitative image-based approach, I then investigate the hypothesis that the killer whale sightings constitute seasonal-spatial fidelity to the greater GoM, the first documentation of fidelity patterns in the western Atlantic hemisphere. The analysis includes comparisons to frequency distributions of single killer whales in the gulf in the historical past as a baseline, i.e. post mid 1940s. Finally, the fidelity analysis reveals a substantial spatial anomaly in the recent sightings data for the northeastern GoM. An explanation for the emergent anomaly is pursued by analyses of indicators of the availability of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) [fisheries landings, Atlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica) chick diets] as potential prey in the NE gulf. With the development of complementary corroborative approaches to the analysis of incidental sightings, it is possible to chip away at impediments to the understanding of ecosystem attractants and deterrents with respect to cetacean distributions.
Chest pain due to coronary artery compression in an adult with CHD
Authors: Warren Matthew , Numan Mohammed , Mallula Kiran , Greenleaf Christopher , Uppu Santosh C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA 47-year-old with repaired ventricular septal defect and pulmonary valve stenosis as a child presents with chronic intermittent chest pain. CT evaluation for transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement revealed right coronary artery compression between a sternal wire and dilated right ventricle. Removal of the sternal wire resulted in improved symptoms.
Behavioural drivers of child feeding during and after illness in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: results from a qualitative study through the lens of behavioural science
Authors: Zimmerman Emily , Kau Madeline , Tovohasimbavaka Riantsoa Kanto Najaina , Ngandu Augustin , Kangudie Didier Mbayi , Van Lith Lynn , Rajan Radha , Naugle Danielle , Sherburne Lisa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective:
For young children experiencing an illness, adequate nutrition is critical for recovery and to prevent malnutrition, yet many children do not receive the recommended quantities of food during illness and recuperation. Our research applied a behavioural science lens to identify drivers of feeding behaviours, including barriers inhibiting caregivers from following the feeding guidelines.

Design:
In 2021, we conducted qualitative research informed by the behavioural design process. Data from in-depth interviews and observations were analysed for themes.

Setting:
Research was conducted in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Participants:
Research participants included caregivers of young children, other family members, health workers and other community members.

Results:
Five key findings about behavioural drivers emerged: (1) poverty and scarcity impose practical constraints and a cognitive and emotional burden on caregivers; (2) health providers are distracted and discouraged from counselling on feeding during sick visits; (3) a focus on quality and hesitations about quantity obscure benefits of feeding greater amounts of available foods; (4) perceptions of inappropriate foods limit caregivers’ choices; and (5) deference to a child’s limited appetite leads to missed opportunities to encourage them to eat.

Conclusions:
Each of these behavioural drivers is triggered by one or more addressable features in caregivers’ and health workers’ environment, suggesting concrete opportunities for programmes to support caregivers and health workers to improve feeding of young children during illness and recovery. In other settings where these features of the environment are similar, the insights and programming implications are likely to translate.
Asian Monsoon and Local Valley Wind Caused Transport of Volatile Organic Compounds Episode Across Qinling Mountain in China
Authors: Xue Yonggang , Wang Liqin , Jing Yue , Zhang Ting , He Shan , Ho Kin Fai , Huang Yu , Chen Long , Cui Long , Cao Junji 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTransport of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their oxidation products enhances ozone (O3) levels in the downwind areas. Qinling Mountain, with high altitude, affects the climate and air quality in China, but its impacts on VOCs transport and regional O3 pollution are poorly understood. The present study measured ambient VOCs at a high‐altitude site in Qinling Mountain in China in summer and winter in 2020, and investigated how the mountain influenced the regional transport of VOCs and O3. Transport of VOCs (formaldehyde up to 5 ppbv) across Qinling Mountain was observed, which caused rapid increase of O3 at night (80–152 ppbv) at the mountain top. In August, southeasterly air masses from surrounding areas were the main sources of oxygenated VOCs, while nonmethane hydrocarbons originated mainly from the Guanzhong Basin (GZB) north of the mountain. High loading of tropospheric formaldehyde was distributed on the pathway of the southeasterly air mass, which verified the transport of VOCs across Qinling Mountain. In December, westerly air masses passing through GZB contributed most to the ambient VOCs. Asian monsoon and local valley wind together drove the accumulation of O3 and VOCs on the mountain top, which exacerbated the O3 pollution in the adjacent areas. This study revealed the transport of O3 and VOCs across Qinling Mountain and highlighted the need for regional collaborative control of air quality in Northwest China.
A Survey of Magnetic Field Line Curvature in Jovian Dawn Magnetodisc
Authors: Gu W. D. , Yao Z. H. , Wei Y. , Qin T. S. , Zhang B. Z. , Xu Y. , Dunn W. R. , Delamere P. A. , Chen Y. N. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Jovian magnetosphere is highly dynamic, influenced by both solar wind and internal processes associated with the rapid planetary rotation and Io's volcanic activities. Accompanying the mass and energy circulations driven by the magnetospheric dynamics, the magnetic configuration also changes dramatically. One of the crucial parameters to characterize the magnetic configuration is magnetic field line curvature (FLC), which generally describes how stretched the field line is. The curvature is pivotal to influence particle behaviors, for example, pitch angle scattering which may lead to auroral particle precipitation. In this work, a method is proposed to investigate the real‐time magnetic FLC in Jovian current sheet using the magnetic field data from the Juno spacecraft. The results indicate that the FLC scattering of ions and relativistic electrons are common in Jovian magnetosphere, providing a crucial insight to understand the particle behaviors.