bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual nature of ferritin for hematologic, liver functional, and metabolic parameters in older diabetic patients
Authors: Huang Jui-Hua , Li Ren-Hau , Tsai Leih-Ching 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study explored the association between ferritin with hematologic, liver functional, and metabolic parameters in older diabetic patients. A total of 210 diabetic patients aged 65 or older were classified into four groups according to the reference range of serum ferritin. Demographic variables and health-related lifestyle factors were obtained through the utilization of a standardized questionnaire. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, hematology test, and biochemical assessment were also performed. Among all patients, 29.5% had anemia. The percentage of anemia in groups low ferritin (< 40 μg/L), lower side within the reference range (40–120 μg/L), higher side within the reference range (121–200 μg/L), and high ferritin levels (> 200 μg/L) were 50.0, 27.7, 20.5, and 24.2% (P = 0.025), respectively. Low ferritin levels had a higher risk of anemia and a high red blood cell distribution width (RDW). High ferritin levels were associated with a higher risk of high glutamate pyruvate transaminase, obesity, high fasting blood glucose (FBG), and high postprandial blood glucose. The higher side within the reference range of ferritin also showed a higher risk of high FBG and high glycated hemoglobin. Nevertheless, there was no significant association between ferritin and inflammation marker, serum lipids or blood pressure. Overall, ferritin demonstrates a dual nature in older diabetic patients: low ferritin levels are linked to anemia or elevated RDW, while high levels are linked to obesity, increased liver enzymes, and worse glycemia control.
Mechanism-based structure-activity relationship investigation on hydrolysis kinetics of atmospheric organic nitrates
Authors: Zhao Qiaojing , Xie Hong-Bin , Ma Fangfang , Nie Wei , Yan Chao , Huang Dandan , Elm Jonas , Chen Jingwen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOrganic nitrates are key components of atmospheric organic aerosols. Hydrolysis is one of their main transformation pathways, affecting atmospheric nitrogen cycle and the properties of organic aerosols. Studying hydrolysis using experiments is hindered by limited authentic chemical standards. To advance our understanding on the hydrolysis of organic nitrates, we apply quantum chemistry methods here to establish a structure-activity relationship of the mechanisms and kinetics by selecting eight organic nitrates as model compounds. The results indicate that an acid-catalyzed mechanism is dominant for the most considered organic nitrates at pH corresponding to ambient organic aerosol (pH < 5). More importantly, a hydrolysis pathway driven by the shift of hydrogen or methyl cation is unveiled. Based on the revealed mechanisms, quaternary C at the α-site, tertiary/quaternary C at the β-site, and –C=C at the β/γ-site of the −ONO2 group are determined to be the key structural factors for the fast hydrolysis kinetics. An important feature for the hydrolysis of organic nitrates with such structural factors is proceeding via a carbocation intermediate. The formed carbocation could further mediate the organic aerosol chemistry, affecting the composition and properties of organic aerosols. This study provides a basis to further develop predictive models for hydrolysis kinetics of organic nitrates.
Radiative forcing bias calculation based on COSMO (Core-Shell Mie model Optimization) and AERONET data
Authors: Tiwari Pravash , Cohen Jason Blake , Wang Xinying , Wang Shuo , Qin Kai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDirect radiative forcing (DRF) of aerosols is driven by aerosol concentration, size, and mixing state, and solar radiation. This work introduces Core-Shell Mie model optimization (COSMO) to compute top of the atmosphere (TOA) forcing based on inversely constrained black carbon (BC) size and mixing state from AERONET, over two rapidly developing areas: Lumbini and Taihu. COSMO has both, a less negative TOA than AERONET and a wider range of variability, with the mean and standard deviation difference between COSMO and AERONET being 13 ± 8.1 W m−2at Lumbini and 16 ± 12 W m−2at Taihu. These differences are driven by particle aging and size-resolved BC emissions, with up to 17.9% of cases warmer than the maximum AERONET TOA, and 1.9% of the total possible cases show a net-warming at TOA (TOA > 0). A linearized correction is deduced which can be immediately implemented by climate models, and suggested ranges of BC size and mixing observations are made for future campaigns. Given that the COSMO TOA bias and uncertainty are larger than the forcing of locally emitted GHGs, active consideration of BC is necessary to reduce climate uncertainty in developing areas.
Gap junction-mediated contraction of myoepithelial cells induces the peristaltic transport of sweat in human eccrine glands
Authors: Nakashima Kie , Kato Hiroko , Kurata Ryuichiro , Qianwen Luo , Hayakawa Tomohisa , Okada Fumihiro , Fujita Fumitaka , Nakagawa Yukinobu , Tanemura Atsushi , Murota Hiroyuki , Katayama Ichiro , Sekiguchi Kiyotoshi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEccrine sweat glands play an essential role in regulating body temperature. Sweat is produced in the coiled secretory portion of the gland, which is surrounded by obliquely aligned myoepithelial cells; the sweat is then peristaltically transported to the skin surface. Myoepithelial cells are contractile and have been implicated in sweat transport, but how myoepithelial cells contract and transport sweat remains unexplored. Here, we perform ex vivo live imaging of an isolated human eccrine gland and demonstrate that cholinergic stimulation induces dynamic contractile motion of the coiled secretory duct that is driven by gap junction-mediated contraction of myoepithelial cells. The contraction of the secretory duct occurs segmentally, and it is most prominent in the region surrounded by nerve fibers, followed by distension-contraction sequences of the excretory duct. Overall, our ex vivo live imaging approach provides evidence of the contractile function of myoepithelial cells in peristaltic sweat secretion from human eccrine glands.
Synthesis of highly substituted alkenes by sulfur-mediated olefination of N-tosylhydrazones
Authors: Conen Peter , Nickisch Roman , Meier Michael A. R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTetraphenylethylenes (TPEs) are well-known for their aggregation-induced emission properties. The synthesis of TPE derivatives, as well as other highly substituted olefins, generally requires the use of hazardous reagents, such as metalorganic compounds, to overcome the high activation energies caused by the sterically congested double bond. Herein, we present an efficient and metal-free procedure for the synthesis of tetraarylethylenes via alkylidene-homocoupling of N-tosylhydrazones, derived from readily available benzophenones, in excellent yields. The method relies only on cheap and benign additives, i.e. elemental sulfur and potassium carbonate, and easily competes with other established procedures in terms of scope, yield and practicability. A mechanistic study revealed a diazo compound, a thioketone and a thiirane as key intermediates in the pathway of the reaction. Based on this, a modified method, which allows for selective alkylidene-cross-coupling, generating a broader scope of tri- and tetrasubstituted olefins in good yields, is showcased as well.
Stellar mass is not the best predictor of galaxy metallicity
Authors: Sánchez-Menguiano Laura , Sánchez Almeida Jorge , Sánchez Sebastián F. , Muñoz-Tuñón Casiana 
Published: November 2023

Context. Interpreting the scaling relations followed by galaxies is a fundamental tool for assessing how well we understand galaxy formation and evolution. Several scaling relations involving the galaxy metallicity have been discovered through the years, the foremost of which is the scaling with stellar mass. This so-called mass–metallicity relation is thought to be fundamental and has been subject to many studies in the literature.
Aims. We study the dependence of the gas-phase metallicity on many different galaxy properties to assess which of them determines the metallicity of a galaxy.
Methods. We applied a random forest regressor algorithm on a sample of more than 3000 nearby galaxies from the SDSS-IV MaNGA survey. Using this machine-learning technique, we explored the effect of 148 parameters on the global oxygen abundance as an indicator of the gas metallicity.
Results. M⋆/Re, as a proxy for the baryonic gravitational potential of the galaxy, is found to be the primary factor determining the average gas-phase metallicity of the galaxy (Zg). It outweighs stellar mass. A subsequent analysis provides the strongest dependence of Zg on M⋆/Re0.6. We argue that this parameter traces the total gravitational potential, and the exponent α ≃ 0.6 accounts for the inclusion of the dark matter component.
Conclusions. Our results reveal the importance of the relation between the total gravitational potential of the galaxy and the gas metallicity. This relation is tighter and likely more primordial than the widely known mass–metallicity relation.
Th17 Cell-Related Gene Biomarkers in Osteoporosis: Comprehensive
Bioinformatics Analysis and In Vivo Validation
Authors: Chen Jianxing , Sun Qifeng , Yin Wenzhe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe interaction between the bone and immune systems has a major role in
osteoporosis regulation. However, the infiltration of T helper 17 (Th17) cells
and their associated genes in osteoporosis remains unclear. The GSE35959 dataset
was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and the Immune
Cell Abundance Identifier (ImmuCellAI) program was used to evaluate the
abundance of 24 immune cell types, including Th17 cells. Differential analysis
and relevance analysis were performed to identify differentially expressed Th17
cell-related genes (DETh17RGs) in osteoporosis. The potential functions of
DETh17RGs were analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes
and Genomes (KEGG) pathways enrichment. Hub DETh17RGs were obtained through
comprehensive analysis using Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis
(WGCNA) and the CytoHubba plug-in algorithm. The expression levels of hub genes
were validated using additional osteoporosis datasets. Additionally, the
transcript levels of Hub genes in a mice model of osteoporosis were examined
using quantitative PCR (qPCR). 464 DETh17RGs were identified in this study, with
421 genes showing positive associations and 43 genes showing negative
associations. Among these, seven genes (CD44, TGFB1, ACTN4, ARHGDIA, ESR1, TLN1,
FLNA) were considered as Hub DETh17RGs. The qPCR transcript levels of hub
DETh17RGs in a mice model of osteoporosis exhibited consistent expression trends
with the bioinformatics analysis. This research enhances our understanding of
the molecular mechanisms involving Th17 cells in the development of osteoporosis
and contributes to the discovery of potential biomarkers.
Synthesis of 2′-Deoxy-2′-β-fluoro-4′-azido-5-fluorouridine as a Potential Anti-HIV Agent
Authors: Yu Wenquan , Chang Junbiao , Hou Jiao , Wang Jian-Hua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract2′-Deoxy-2′-β-fluoro-4′-azido-5-fluorouridine, a new pyrimidine nucleoside analogue of azvudine (FNC), was designed and synthesized. The synthesis of this nucleoside analogue was achieved by bromination of 1,3,5-O-tribenzoyl-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-arabinofuranoside, followed by reaction with silylated 5-fluorouracil and further modifications of the sugar moiety, in a 7.6% overall yield over nine steps. The product exhibited good antiviral activity against HIV-1 infection in HEK293T cells.
Modeling the intention and adoption of food waste prevention practices among Chinese households
Authors: Ma Yue , Al Mamun Abdullah , Ali Mohd Helmi , Hoque Mohammad Enamul , Lili Zhai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractConsiderable attention has been paid to the problem of food waste on a worldwide scale. Evidence demonstrates that food waste occurs mostly in private households, and that home food waste has been identified as the leading cause of global food waste. Home food waste poses a severe threat to food security and involves environmental and financial ramifications. While this is a global issue, most studies on what motivates people to make changes that would result in less food waste have been conducted in wealthy countries. Integrating the Theory of Interpersonal Behavior (TIB), this study fills this gap by investigating the factors influencing Chinese household consumers’ intentions toward food waste reduction and their actual food waste behavior. This study used a cross-sectional survey approach to collect data from households using social media platforms. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was adopted to assess and evaluate the conceptual model. The empirical findings demonstrate that cognitive (perceived value of sustainability), environmental (awareness of consequences and ascription of responsibility), social (social norms), and emotional (anticipated guilt) aspects tend to have a positive influence on Chinese household consumers’ intentions toward reducing food waste, suggesting that interpersonal behavior could reduce food consumption in developing countries like China. Furthermore, the findings show that the intention to decrease food waste serves as an intermediary variable that highlights another route of association between the TIB factors and actual food waste reduction behavior. The findings will be more informative to policymakers, marketers, and researchers in developing strategies to reduce food waste.
Generation Z members‘ intentions to work in tourism in their World Heritage Site hometowns
Authors: Bermúdez-González Guillermo , Sánchez-Teba Eva María , Benítez-Márquez María-Dolores , Vegas-Melero José Jesús 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study analyzes the impact of four dimensions on Generation Z’s intentions to work in the tourism industry in their hometown of Antequera (Malaga, Spain) within the specific tourism context of World Heritage Sites (WHSs). We estimate the influence of young residents’ perceptions toward tourism development through WHS recognition, community involvement, and place attachment on this variable, following the theory of planned behavior (TPB). A structural equation model based on variance by partial least squares, PLS-SEM, has been proposed. The results show that Generation Z’s community involvement, place attachment, and positive perceptions toward tourism development directly influence their intentions to work in their WHS hometown; meanwhile, the negative perceptions toward tourism development have no direct impact on these intentions to work.
Monsters revisited: a comparative study of the use of humor in dramatizing benevolent monsters in The Monsters under the Bed and The Boy Who Loved Monsters and the Girl Who Loved Peas
Authors: Bayoumy Heidi Mohamed 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWorks for children are filled with a myriad of creatures that are often used by writers to convey certain messages to the young readers/audiences. From tamed to wild, real and imaginary beings, such creatures emerge either as benevolent or evil forces. This study seeks to highlight the role of humorous, benevolent monsters in works for children showing how their presence is laden with meanings. For this purpose, two plays for children are selected: The Monsters under the Bed (2007) by Fr. Dominic Garramone and Osb and the St.Bede Theater Troupe, and The Boy Who Loved Monsters and the Girl Who Loved Peas (2013) by Jonathan Graham. Drawing upon humor studies, monster studies, and child psychology, the paper attempts to analyze the use of humor in portraying friendly monsters in the selected works reflecting how it is through them that the children protagonists revisit their views of monsters and understand that they are a reflection of themselves (their needs/fears). The analysis of these benevolent monsters and their effect on the protagonists will be carried out in relation to the different theatrical elements and the verbal and visual signs which clarify and affirm the benevolence of such creatures and the humorous touch added to their roles.
Tracing China’s diplomatic transition to wolf warrior diplomacy and its implications
Authors: Yuan Shaoyu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the evolution of China’s diplomacy, specifically its transition from a peaceful and low-profile approach to the assertive and confrontational wolf warrior style, and its implications for international relations, regional politics, and global governance. With China’s growing influence on the global stage, understanding the dynamics of its diplomatic strategy is crucial for navigating the complexities of contemporary international relations. The paper examines the underlying motivations for adopting the wolf warrior approach, using three case studies during the COVID-19 pandemic: the Twitter spat between Zhao Lijian and the U.S. State Department, the diplomatic conflict between China and Australia, and the confrontation between China and Sweden. These incidents provide valuable insights into the various dimensions of China’s wolf warrior diplomacy, including its assertive rhetoric, challenge to traditional diplomatic norms, and the leveraging of economic power for political ends.
Antimicrobial resistance patterns and empiric antibiotic selections for patients admitted from post–acute care facilities
Authors: Vijapurapu Sandhya , Maguire Christina , Binkley Amanda , Binkley Shawn , Lamore Raymond 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose
To characterize the susceptibilities of positive bacterial cultures and the appropriateness of empiric antimicrobial regimens for patients admitted from post–acute care facilities (PACFs).

Methods
This was a retrospective quality improvement study. The study included patients admitted from a PACF to one of 2 tertiary care teaching hospitals within the University of Pennsylvania Health System, located in Philadelphia, PA, from August 2020 to December 2021. Patients were included if they had at least one positive culture within 72 hours of admission.

Results
A total of 167 patients and 230 isolates from the study period were evaluated. The majority of positive cultures were from a urinary source (114 of 230, 49.6%). Nineteen patients (11.4%) had a history of multidrug-resistant organisms. The most common empiric antibiotics used were vancomycin (61.7%) and cefepime (59.3%). Sixty-one patients (36.5%) received inappropriate empiric therapy based on the culture results. When comparing our hospitals’ general antibiogram to that of only PACF patients, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae had at least a 20% difference in susceptibility to levofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and cefepime. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase resistance was also higher in the PACF cohort (odds ratio, 2.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-3.1).

Conclusion
Clinically significant differences in antimicrobial susceptibility were found among patients admitted from PACFs compared to our health system’s general antibiogram. The increased resistance rates identified in this study support the need for hospitals to evaluate this at-risk patient population, which may drive changes to empiric antibiotic prescribing practices.
A O01 Bariatric tourism: Patients perspective
Authors: Ftaieh Fares , Jindal Anushka , Patel Ameet G , Shanti Hiba 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
The Long NHS waiting time for bariatric surgery and the escalation of this during the COVID-19 pandemic has led many patients to seek private bariatric surgery abroad. It remains difficult to quantify the volume of Bariatric tourism and its outcomes. However, institutions across the UK have seen an increased influx of patients operated abroad. The aim of this study is to assess the outcomes, experience and rationale for their bariatric journey.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed all patients who had bariatric surgery abroad and presented to a tertiary centre from September 2020 to May 2023. All patients were interviewed to answer a questionnaire regarding their experience abroad; either by telephone or face to face. Data collected included weight, BMI, co-morbidities and post-operative complications.

Results
Forty-one patients presented with median age of 37 years (20-59), weight 100Kg (68-146) and BMI 38 Kg/m2 (26-65). Of these, 35/41 (85%) patients were admitted with complications (above Clavien Dindo Classification IIIa &gt; 9./35). GP referral for advice accounted for 6/41 (15%). The response rate to the questionnaire was 56% (23/41). The main reasons for bariatric tourism were cost and long NHS waiting time. Overseas centre choice was based on online research in 13/23 (57%), while 10/23 (43%) patients relied on friends recommendations. 10/23 (43%) patients would recommend treatment abroad, of theses 3 patients had CDC &gt;IIIa.

Conclusions
Even in the event of complications, patients would still recommend going abroad. This might be influenced by the reassurance that complications will be dealt with promptly at the NHS. They will achieve their weight loss quickly and at a fraction of the cost of the private hospitals on the UK.
A O02 How effective is the right subcostal laparoscopically-guided transversus abdominis plane block on pain control after laparoscopic cholecystectomy? A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Di Mauro Davide , Reece-Smith Alex , Manzelli Antonio , Shams Ola , Njere Ikechukwu , Hubble Sheena 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is effective on pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The procedure can be done under laparoscopic or ultrasound guidance and is often performed by injecting multiple abdominal areas. Data on the efficacy of the loco-regional block performed in the right subcostal region only are scanty. This study compared the effect of the right subcostal TAP block under laparoscopic guidance to the infiltration of local anesthetic to the port sites only (ILA) on pain relief, after elective LC.

Methods
A sample of 60 participants, 30 per arm, was estimated (two-sided a = 0.05%, power = 80%). Subjects having day-case (DC) LC were randomized into TAP block and ILA. Participants received Bupivacaine 0.5% 30 ml: TAP block – 20 ml in TAP block + 10 ml into the midline ports; ILA – 20 ml into the midline ports + 10 ml into the right-sided ones. Pain scores at rest at 1-hour post-surgery and at discharge, were evaluated with the Visual Analogue Scale score system. DC rate, Quality of Recovery-15 questionnaires, oral intake of opioids at day 3 and 7, were assessed too.

Results
Subjects in the ILA group were all women (p=0.0007) and younger (43.8 vs 37.7 years, p=0.023) than the TAP block. The median postoperative pain scores were 0 vs 1 at 1 hour (95% CI -1.99 to 1, p=0.60), 0 vs 1.5 at discharge (95% CI -2 to 0.99, p=0.55). The DC rate was 93.1% vs 93.5% (p=0.39). Six (10%) patients remained in hospital after surgery (postoperative pain [3], nausea [1], challenging surgical procedure [1], late theatre schedule [1]). Questionnaire scores and oral opioids intake did not differ between groups, on postoperative day 3 and 7.

Conclusions
The laparoscopically-guided right subcostal TAP block did not provide additional benefit to ILA on pain control, after LC.