bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lower limb muscle MRI fat fraction is a responsive outcome measure in CMT X1, 1B and 2A
Authors: Doherty Carolynne M. , Morrow Jasper M. , Zuccarino Riccardo , Howard Paige , Wastling Stephen , Pipis Menelaos , Zafeiropoulos Nick , Stephens Katherine J. , Grider Tiffany , Feely Shawna M. E. , Nopoulous Peggy , Skorupinska Mariola , Milev Evelin , Nicolaisen Emma , Dudzeic Magdalena , McDowell Amy , Dilek Nuran , Muntoni Francesco , Rossor Alexander M. , Shah Sachit , Laura Matilde , Yousry Tarek A. , Thedens Daniel , Thornton John , Shy Michael E. , Reilly Mary M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveWith potential therapies for many forms of Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease (CMT), responsive outcome measures are urgently needed for clinical trials. Quantitative lower limb MRI demonstrated progressive calf intramuscular fat accumulation in the commonest form, CMT1A with large responsiveness. In this study, we evaluated the responsiveness and validity in the three other common forms, due to variants in GJB1 (CMTX1), MPZ (CMT1B) and MFN2 (CMT2A).Methods22 CMTX1, 21 CMT1B and 21 CMT2A patients and matched controls were assessed at a 1‐year interval. Intramuscular fat fraction (FF) was evaluated using three‐point Dixon MRI at thigh and calf level along with clinical measures including CMT examination score, clinical strength assessment, CMT‐HI and plasma neurofilament light chain.ResultsAll patient groups had elevated muscle fat fraction at thigh and calf levels, with highest thigh FF and atrophy in CMT2A. There was moderate correlation between calf muscle FF and clinical measures (CMTESv2 rho = 0.405; p = 0.001, ankle MRC strength rho = −0.481; p < 0.001). Significant annualised progression in calf muscle FF was seen in all patient groups (CMTX1 2.0 ± 2.0%, p < 0.001, CMT1B 1.6 ± 2.1% p = 0.004 and CMT2A 1.6 ± 2.1% p = 0.002). Greatest increase was seen in patients with 10–70% FF at baseline (calf 2.7 ± 2.3%, p < 0.0001 and thigh 1.7 ± 2.1%, p = 0.01).InterpretationOur results confirm that calf muscle FF is highly responsive over 12 months in three additional common forms of CMT which together with CMT1A account for 90% of genetically confirmed cases. Calf muscle MRI FF should be a valuable outcome measure in upcoming CMT clinical trials.
Cardiac abnormalities from 12‐Lead ECG signals prediction based on deep convolutional neural network optimized with nomadic people optimization algorithm
Authors: Sonia S. V. Evangelin , Nedunchezhian R. , Rajalakshmi M. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a most dangerous disease in the world. Early accurate and automated identification helps the medical professional make a correct diagnosis and administer fast treatment and saving many lives. Several studies have been suggested in this area, but no one yield the expected outcomes owing to data imbalance issue in the medical and healthcare industries. To overcome this problem, a Deep Convolutional Neural Network Optimized with Nomadic People Optimization for Cardiac Abnormalities from 12‐Lead ECG Signals Prediction (CCA‐12L ECG‐DCNN‐NPO) is proposed in this manuscript. At first, the input data is pre‐processed under Morphological filtering and Extended Empirical wavelet transformation (MF‐EEWT) for removing the noise. Then one hot encoding technique is used to improve the predictions and classification accuracy of the method. Afterward, Residual Exemplars Local Binary Pattern (RELBP) based Feature extraction is used to extract the morphological and statistical features. These extracted features are given to DCNN classifier. It contains fully convolutional neural network (FCN) and encoder with decoder framework, which activates pixel‐wise categorization to exactly identify Cardiac abnormalities from 12‐Lead ECG signals. The visual geometry group network (VGGNet) is considered as a backbone of FCN for end‐to‐end training. Generally, DCNN method does not adopt any optimization modes to define the optimum parameters and to assure exact detection. Therefore, Nomadic People Optimization (NPO) is considered to enhance the DCNN weight parameters. The CCA‐12L ECG‐DCNN‐NPO technique is implemented in python and the efficacy is analyzed under performance metrics, such as sensitivity, precision, F‐Score, specificity, accuracy and error rate. From the analysis, the proposed technique attains higher accuracy 27.5%, 10.32%, and 16.65%, higher f‐score 30.93%, 11.14% and 15.3%, lower error rate 36.31%, 15.78%, and 28.08% compared with the existing methods, such as Detecting Cardiac Abnormalities from 12‐lead ECG Signals Under Feature Selection, Feature Extraction, and deep Learning Classification (CCA‐12L ECG‐RFC), Channel self‐attention deep learning framework for multi‐cardiac abnormality diagnosis from varied‐lead ECG signals (CCA‐12L ECG‐CSA‐DNN) and Cardiac disease categorization by electrocardiogram sensing utilizing deep neural network (CCA‐12L ECG‐DNN) respectively.
2, 1, 3‐Benzothiadiazole Derivative Small Molecule Fluorophores for NIR‐II Bioimaging
Authors: Hu Zhen , Feng Lili , Yang Piaoping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSecond near‐infrared (NIR‐II) bioimaging technology shows broad application prospects in the field of biomedical due to its significant superiority in deep tissue penetration and high signal‐to‐background ratio. Among them, organic small molecule fluorophores have received progressively more consideration due to their low biotoxicity, high biocompatibility, rapid clearance, and good modification properties. As the key acceptor core, 2, 1, 3‐benzothiadiazole (BTD) derivative plays an essential role in the construction of donor‐acceptor‐donor type NIR‐II fluorophores. This mini‐review summarizes the research development of NIR‐II small molecule fluorophores based on BTD derivatives in the field of bioimaging, focusing on molecular design and photophysical properties, and introduces a part of the applications in the biological field. Furthermore, the challenges of BTD‐based NIR‐II fluorophores in the future development and application are discussed
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An Interfacial‐Assembled Self‐Supporting Nanofilm Induced by Strong Intermolecular Interaction between Silk Fibroin and Lysozyme
Authors: Miao Bianliang , Wang Yushu , Liu Yi , Da Gaohuan , Wang Yu , Chen Xin , Shao Zhengzhong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOrganic ultrathin nanofilms are increasingly favored in a wide range of applications, including flexible photonics and electronics, smart skin devices, sensing, and bioinspired designs, due to their high flexibility, chemical activity, and stimuli‐responsiveness. To create large‐area, robust, and freestanding nanofilms efficiently, a protein interfacial cooperative assembly technique that utilizes silk fibroin and lysozyme as building blocks is developed. The strong intermolecular interaction between these two proteins, coupled with the abundant intra‐ and intermolecular β‐sheets, confers remarkable mechanical robustness to the nanofilms with thicknesses as low as 50 nm. Consequently, these nanofilms exhibit the unique ability to stand freely in the air and can be conformally transferred to substrates of different types and topographies, forming stable, and versatile nanocoatings. The advantageous attributes of their ultrathinness, large‐scale homogeneity, robustness, and rapid and tunable responsiveness facilitate the construction of ultrasensitive photonic architectures and organic–inorganic hybrid multilayers with outstanding optical and mechanical properties. It is envisioned that these all‐protein‐based robust nanofilms with unique nanoscale effects can be easily integrated into various advanced technological platforms to enable adaptive, multifunctional, and intelligent systems with exceptional mechanical strength.
Sub‐1‐Volt Electrically Programmable Optical Modulator Based on Active Tamm Plasmon
Authors: Ko Joo Hwan , Seo Dong Hyun , Jeong Hyeon‐Ho , Kim Sejeong , Song Young Min 
Published: January 2024

AbstractReconfigurable optical devices hold great promise for advancing high‐density optical interconnects, photonic switching, and memory applications. While many optical modulators based on active materials have been demonstrated, it is challenging to achieve a high modulation depth with a low operation voltage in the near‐infrared (NIR) range, which is a highly sought‐after wavelength window for free‐space communication and imaging applications. Here, electrically switchable Tamm plasmon coupled with poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is introduced. The device allows for a high modulation depth across the entire NIR range by fully absorbing incident light even under epsilon near zero conditions. Optical modulation exceeding 88% is achieved using a CMOS‐compatible voltage of ±1 V. This modulation is facilitated by precise electrical control of the charge carrier density through an electrochemical doping/dedoping process. Additionally, the potential applications of the device are extended for a non‐volatile multi‐memory state optical device, capable of rewritable optical memory storage and exhibiting long‐term potentiation/depression properties with neuromorphic behavior.
ACE2 Receptor‐Targeted Inhaled Nanoemulsions Inhibit SARS‐CoV‐2 and Attenuate Inflammatory Responses
Authors: Wang Hairui , Luo Shuang , Xie Mingxin , Chen Zhao , Zhang Yunming , Xie Zhiqiang , Zhang Yongshun , Zhang Yu , Yang Lan , Wu Fuhua , Chen Xiaoyan , Du Guangsheng , Zhao Jincun , Sun Xun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThree kinds of coronaviruses are highly pathogenic to humans, and two of them mainly infect humans through Angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 （ACE2）receptors. Therefore, specifically blocking ACE2 binding at the interface with the receptor‐binding domain is promising to achieve both preventive and therapeutic effects of coronaviruses. Alternatively, drug‐targeted delivery based on ACE2 receptors can further improve the efficacy and safety of inhalation drugs. Here, these two approaches are innovatively combined by designing a nanoemulsion (NE) drug delivery system (termed NE‐AYQ) for inhalation that targets binding to ACE2 receptors. This inhalation‐delivered remdesivir nanoemulsion (termed RDSV‐NE‐AYQ) effectively inhibits the infection of target cells by both wild‐type and mutant viruses. The RDSV‐NE‐AYQ strongly inhibits Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 at two dimensions: they not only block the binding of the virus to host cells at the cell surface but also restrict virus replication intracellularly. Furthermore, in the mouse model of acute lung injury, the inhaled drug delivery system loaded with anti‐inflammatory drugs (TPCA‐1‐NE‐AYQ) can significantly alleviate the lung tissue injury of mice. This smart combination provides a new choice for dealing with possible emergencies in the future and for the rapid development of inhaled drugs for the treatment of respiratory diseases.
Micro‐Casting/Assembly Technology Based on Bismuth‐Based Liquid Metal
Authors: Zhang Huimin , Li Chunwei , Li Yuqing , Sun Xiao , Li Qian , Gui Lin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractComplex and precise 3D microfabrication technology is the basis for the development of fields including chip‐based bioassay, microelectronic communication, and micromachine manufacturing. Among them, assembled 3D structures provide new ideas to the development of 3D integration of 2D components due to their convenience and high efficiency. In this work, a micro‐casting/assembly technique that can create 3D micro devices is provided with bismuth‐based liquid metal (LM). The liquid metal is first injected into a micro‐mold. The micro‐mold is made by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and porous polycarbonate track‐etched (PCTE) membranes. The mold is then treated with ethanol and deionized water to release the inner injected 2D micro metal components. The effect of each parameter on the generated metal structures is experimentally validated and a LM line with a minimum width of 10 µm is also obtained. For making more functional components, the 2D structures are assembled into 3D. To demonstrate the potential of the technique, reconfigurable micro‐antennas and 3D flow sensors are fabricated and tested at the end of this work, demonstrating potential applications for the micro casting/assembly technology.
Deciphering the Origin of Interface‐Induced High Li and Na Ion Conductivity in Nanocomposite Solid Electrolytes Using X‐Ray Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: de Kort Laura M. , Lazemi Masoud , Longo Alessandro , Gulino Valerio , Rodenburg Henrik P. , Blanchard Didier , Sahle Christoph , Sundermann Martin , Gretarsson Hlynur , van der Eerden Ad M. J. , Elnaggar Hebatalla , de Groot Frank M. F. , Ngene Peter 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSolid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) with high ionic conductivities are crucial for safer and high‐capacity batteries. Interface effects in nanocomposites of SSEs and insulators can lead to profound increases in conductivity. Understanding the composition of the interface is crucial for tuning the conductivity of composite solid electrolytes. Herein, X‐ray Raman Scattering (XRS) spectroscopy is used for the first time to unravel the nature of the interface effects responsible for conductivity enhancements in nanocomposites of complex hydride‐based electrolytes (LiBH4, NaBH4, and NaNH2) and oxides. XRS probe of the Li, Na, and B local environments reveals that the interface consists of highly distorted/defected and structurally distinct phase(s) compared to the original compounds. Interestingly, nanocomposites with higher concentrations of the interface compounds exhibit higher conductivities. Clear differences are observed in the interface composition of SiO2‐ and Al2O3‐based nanocomposites, attributed to differences in the reactivity of their surface groups. These results demonstrate that interfacial reactions play a dominant role in conductivity enhancement in composite solid electrolytes. This work showcases the potential of XRS in investigating interface interactions, providing valuable insights into the often complex ion conductor/insulator interfaces, especially for systems containing light elements such as Li, B, and Na present in most SSEs and batteries.
Effect of no‐tillage on soil redistribution estimated by beryllium‐7, soil moisture, and carbon fractions loss in central Benin
Authors: Akplo Tobi Moriaque , Kouelo Alladassi Félix , Zoundji Mahougnon Charlotte Carmelle , Fulajtar Emil , Benmansour Moncef , Rabesiranana Naïvo , Akinseye Folorunso Mathew , Houngnandan Pascal 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSoil erosion has become one of the most common environmental problems and threatens food security. This study assessed the short‐term effect of tillage and mulch on soil redistribution using the beryllium‐7 method, soil moisture distribution, and soil organic carbon loss through soil erosion in typical agroecological conditions of Benin. The experiment was conducted on acrisols (at Dan) and ferralsols (at Za‐zounmè) in central Benin. Three tillage practices slope ridging (SR), contour ridging (CR), and no‐tillage (NT), and three mulch doses 0 (0 M), 3 (3 M), and 7 t ha−1 (7 M) on soil erosion under maize were investigated. The results showed a tillage and mulch interaction significantly (p < 0.05) influencing the soil redistribution, the loss of total carbon, the carbon of the particulate organic matter (C_POM), and the carbon content of the fine organic matter (C_MOM). High soil erosion was observed under SR0M (−10.19 t ha−1) at Dan and under NT0M (−7.36 t ha−1) at Za‐zounmè. NT7M (0.80 t ha−1), SR7M (0.69 t ha−1), CR3M (2.07 t ha−1), and CR7M (4.05 t ha−1) showed deposition at Dan, while SR7M (0.23 t ha−1), NT7M (1.69 t ha−1), and CR7M (3.93 t ha−1) showed deposition at Za‐zounmè. C_MOM was lost on both sites. Mulch increases soil moisture for all three tillage treatments, and this effect is well pronounced especially if the amount of mulch is great. This study revealed useful information to be taken into consideration when developing soil and water conservation management strategies in Benin.
Twins‐like nanodrugs synchronously transport in blood and coalesce inside tumors for sensitive ultrasound imaging and triggerable penetrative drug delivery
Authors: Cai Yujun , Chen Gengjia , Lin Minzhao , Li Bo , Zhong Huihai , Li Tan , Xiao Zecong , Wang Yong , Shuai Xintao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNanodrugs capable of aggregating in the tumor microenvironment (TME) have demonstrated great efficiency in improving the therapeutic outcome. Among various approaches, the strategy utilizing electrostatic interaction as a driving force to achieve intratumor aggregation of nanodrugs has attracted great attention. However, the great difference between the two nanodrugs with varied physicochemical properties makes their synchronous transport in blood circulation and equal‐opportunity tumor uptake impossible, which significantly detracts from the beneficial effects of nanodrug aggregation inside tumors. We herein propose a new strategy to construct a pair of extremely similar nanodrugs, referred to as “twins‐like nanodrugs (TLNs)”, which have identical physicochemical properties including the same morphology, size, and electroneutrality to render them the same blood circulation time and tumor entrance. The 1:1 mixture of TLNs (TLNs‐Mix) intravenously injected into a mouse model efficiently accumulates in tumor sites and then transfers to oppositely charged nanodrugs for electrostatic interaction‐driven coalescence via responding to matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) enriched in tumor. In addition to enhanced tumor retention, the thus‐formed micron‐sized aggregates show high echo intensity essential for ultrasound imaging as well as ultrasound‐triggered penetrative drug delivery. Owing to their distinctive features, the TLNs‐Mix carrying sonosensitizer, immune adjuvant, and ultrasound contrast agent exert potent sonodynamic immunotherapy against hypovascular hepatoma, demonstrating their great potential in treating solid malignancies.
Organoids in concert: engineering in vitro models toward enhanced fidelity
Authors: Chen Zhengkun , Sugimura Ryohichi , Zhang Yu Shrike , Ruan Changshun , Wen Chunyi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOrganoids have emerged as a powerful platform for studying complex biological processes and diseases in vitro. However, most studies have focused on individual organoids, overlooking the inter‐organ interactions in vivo and limiting the physiological relevance of the models. To address this limitation, the development of a multi‐organoid system has gained considerable attention. This system aims to recapitulate inter‐organ communication and enable the study of complex physiological processes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in organoid engineering and the emerging strategies for constructing a multi‐organoid system. First, we highlight the critical mechanical, structural, and biochemical factors involved in designing suitable materials for the growth of different organoids. Additionally, we discuss the incorporation of dynamic culture environments to enhance organoid culture and enable inter‐organoid communication. Furthermore, we explore techniques for manipulating organoid morphogenesis and spatial positioning of organoids to establish effective inter‐organoid communication networks. We summarize the achievements in utilizing organoids to recapitulate inter‐organ communication in vitro, including assembloids and microfluidic multi‐organoid platforms. Lastly, we discuss the existing challenges and opportunities in developing a multi‐organoid system from its technical bottlenecks in scalability to its applications toward complex human diseases.
A panoramic perspective of recent progress in 2D and 3D covalent organic frameworks for drug delivery
Authors: Mehvari Fariba , Ramezanzade Vahid , Asadi Parvin , Singh Nem , Kim Jaewon , Dinari Mohammad , Kim Jong Seung 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe development of efficient drug delivery systems is essential for improving the efficacy and safety of cancer drugs, particularly for aggressive and difficult‐to‐treat cancers. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are emerging as innovative porous nanomaterials in drug delivery systems (DDS), due to their unique properties, including the metal‐free organic skeleton, predetermined structures and pore geometries, high porosity, large surface area, facile surface modification potential, and good biocompatibility. These characteristics make COFs excellent candidates for improving drug delivery by enhancing drug loading capacity and enabling precise encapsulation. This review emphasizes the importance of donor‐acceptor‐based COFs, which provide channels for charge transportation, and we also explore how the π‐conjugated skeleton of COFs enhances its long‐acting fluorescent properties and facilitates drug uptake via cell endocytosis. While this review primarily focuses on recent advancements in COF‐based targeted DDS, it also acknowledges the challenges posed by the diverse pore geometries in porous materials and discusses potential solutions. Further, it underlines the potential of developing future drug carriers that can successfully and specifically target cancer cells, improving treatment efficiency while reducing adverse side effects.
An in situ dressing material containing a multi‐armed antibiotic for healing irregular wounds
Authors: Dong Ruihua , Chen Mian , Jia Yuexiao , Tang Hao , Xiong Ziyin , Long Yunze , Jiang Xingyu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAcute and infected wounds resulting from accidents, battlefield trauma, or surgical interventions have become a global healthcare burden due to the complex bacterial infection environment. However, conventional gauze dressings present insufficient contact with irregular wounds and lack antibacterial activity against multi‐drug‐resistant bacteria. In this study, we develop in situ nanofibrous dressings tailored to fit wounds of various shapes and sizes while providing nanoscale comfort and excellent antibacterial properties. Our approach involves the fabrication of these dressings using a handheld electrospinning device that allows for the direct deposition of nanofiber dressings onto specific irregular wound sites, resulting in perfect conformal wound closure without any mismatch in 2 min. The nanofibrous dressings are loaded with multi‐armed antibiotics that exhibit outstanding antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and methicillin‐resistant S. aureus. Compared to conventional vancomycin, this in situ nanofibrous dressing shows great antibacterial performance against up to 98% of multi‐drug‐resistant bacteria. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate the ability of in situ nanofibrous dressings to prevent multi‐drug‐resistant bacterial infection, greatly alleviate inflammation, and promote wound healing. Our findings highlight the potential of these personalized nanofibrous dressings for clinical applications, including emergency, accident, and surgical healthcare treatment.