bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing the duration of untreated illness among patients with anorexia nervosa: A multicenter and multi‐informant study
Authors: Gumz Antje , Reuter Laurence , Löwe Bernd , Voderholzer Ulrich , Schwennen Bianca , Fehrs Helge , Wünsch‐Leiteritz Wally , Brunner Romuald , Kästner Denise , Zapf Antonia , Weigel Angelika 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe duration of untreated illness (DUI), that is, the interval between the onset of anorexia nervosa (AN) symptoms and start of specialized treatments, has a strong influence on the prognosis.ObjectiveTo quantify modifiable predictors of the DUI and to derive recommendations for secondary prevention strategies.MethodsWithin a multicenter, multi‐informant study, DUI was assessed in interviews with patients undergoing first specialized AN treatment. Modifiable factors were assessed perspectives of AN‐patients, their relatives, and primary care practitioners [PCPs]) with the FABIANA‐checklist (Facilitators and barriers in anorexia nervosa treatment initiation). The effect of FABIANA‐items on the DUI for each perspective was calculated using Cox Regression (control variables: age, eating disorder pathology, health care status, migration background, body mass index [BMI]).ResultsWe included data from N = 125 female patients with AN (72 adults, 53 adolescents, Mage = 19.2 years, SD = 4.2, MBMI = 15.7 kg/m2, SD = 1.9), N = 89 relatives (81.8% female, 18.2% male, Mage = 46.0 years, SD = 11.0) and N = 40 PCPs (Mage = 49.7 years, SD = 9.0). Average DUI was 12.0 months. Watching or reading articles about the successful treatment of other individuals with AN (patients' perspective) and regular appointments with a PCP (PCPs' perspective) were related to a shorter DUI (HR = 0.145, p = .046/ HR = 0.395, p = .018). Patients whose relatives rated that PCPs trivialized patients' difficulties had a longer DUI (HR = −0.147, p = .037). PCPs and relatives rated PCPs' competence higher than patients did.DiscussionIt is recommended (a) to incorporate treatment success stories in prevention strategies, (b) to inform PCPs about potential benefits of regular appointments during the transition to specialized care, and (c) to train PCPs in dealing with patients' complaints.Public SignificanceMany individuals with AN seek treatment very late. Our study shows that a promising approach to facilitate earlier AN treatment is to inform patients about successful treatments of affected peers, to foster regular appointments with a PCP and, to motivate these PCPs to take individuals' with AN difficulties seriously. Thus, our study provides important suggestions for interventions that aim to improve early treatment in AN.
Takotsubo syndrome before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Austria: a retrospective cohort study (TOSCA‐19)
Authors: Pogran Edita , Zweiker David , Gargiulo Laura , El‐Razek Ahmed Abd , Lechner Ivan , Vosko Ivan , Rechberger Stefan , Bugger Heiko , Christ Günter , Bonderman Diana , Kunschitz Evelyn , Zirlik Andreas , Bauer Axel , Metzler Bernhard , Lambert Thomas , Steinwender Clemens , Huber Kurt 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimsThis study aims to investigate the prevalence of Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) as a percentage of the total number of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), including non‐STE‐elevation myocardial infarction and ST‐elevation myocardial infarction, as well as the short‐term outcome of TTS patients before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic.Methods and resultsWe compared patients from two different periods: (i) Period 1 (before the COVID‐19 pandemic): 1 March to 30 December 2019, and (ii) Period 2 (during the COVID‐19 pandemic): 1 March to 30 December 2020. The retrospective database was created from the archives of the participating hospitals or electronic hospital systems by trained medical personnel. The subjects' medical history, cardiovascular risk factors, laboratory values, echocardiography findings, and an in‐hospital outcome were variables of interest. Furthermore, propensity score matching analysis was performed to evaluate the short‐term prognosis in TTS and ACS patients. Altogether six Austrian centres—(i) 3rd Medical Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clinic Ottakring, Vienna, Austria; (ii) 5th Medical Department of Cardiology, Clinic Favoriten, Vienna, Austria; (iii) 2nd Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria; (iv) University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria; (v) Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Graz, Graz, Austria; (vi) Department of Cardiology and Intensive Medicine, Kepler University Clinic, Linz, Austria—participated in the study. During period 1, 87 (3.5%) patients out of 2482 ACS patients had TTS in all participating centres. During period 2, 71 (2.7%) patients out of 2572 ACS patients had TTS in all participating centres. Accordingly, the prevalence of TTS remained stable irrespective of potential psychologic stress during the COVID pandemic. Furthermore, the baseline characteristics of TTS patients did not change during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The prevalence of in‐hospital complications [cardiogenic shock (4.6% vs. 4.3%, P = 0.925), ventricle thrombus (1.1% vs. 1.4%, P = 0.885) and in‐hospital bleeding (3.4% vs. 1.4%, P = 0.417)] remained stable. The all‐cause in‐hospital mortality of TTS patients did not change during the COVID‐19 pandemic [χ2(2) = 0.058, P = 0.810]. Moreover, a propensity score matching analysis of all‐cause in‐hospital mortality between matched TTS and ACS patients showed higher in‐hospital mortality in ACS patients during COVID‐19 pandemic (P = 0.043).ConclusionsDespite the well‐known increased psychologic stress during the COVID‐19 pandemic, the prevalence of TTS during the COVID‐19 pandemic and the short‐term clinical outcome in Austria remained unimpacted.
Prognostic significance of medical therapy in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Kocabaş Umut , Ergin Isil , Kıvrak Tarık , Yılmaz Öztekin Gülsüm Meral , Tanık Veysel Ozan , Özdemir İbrahim , Avcı Demir Fulya , Doğduş Mustafa , Şen Taner , Altınsoy Meltem , Üstündağ Songül , Urgun Örsan Deniz , Sinan Ümit Yaşar , Uygur Begüm , Yeni Mehtap , Özçalık Emre 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimsThe use of guideline‐directed medical therapy (GDMT) among patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) remains suboptimal. The SMYRNA study aims to identify the clinical factors for the non‐use of GDMT and to determine the prognostic significance of GDMT in patients with HFrEF in a real‐life setting.Methods and resultsThe SMYRNA study is a prospective, multicentre, and observational study that included outpatients with HFrEF. Patients were divided into three groups according to the status of GDMT at the time of enrolment: (i) patients receiving all classes of HF medications including renin‐angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors, beta‐blockers, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs); (ii) patients receiving any two classes of HF medications (RAS inhibitors and beta‐blockers, or RAS inhibitors and MRAs, or beta‐blockers and MRAs); and (iii) either patients receiving class of HF medications (only one therapy) or patients not receiving any class of HF medications. The primary outcome was a composite of hospitalization for HF or cardiovascular death. The study population consisted of 1062 patients with HFrEF, predominantly men (69.1%), with a median age of 68 (range: 20–96) years. RAS inhibitors, beta‐blockers, and MRAs were prescribed in 76.0%, 89.4%, and 55.1% of the patients, respectively. The proportions of patients receiving target doses of guideline‐directed medications were 24.4% for RAS inhibitors, 11.0% for beta‐blockers, and 11.1% for MRAs. Overall, 491 patients (46.2%) were treated with triple therapy, 353 patients (33.2%) were treated with any two classes of HF medications, and 218 patients (20.6%) were receiving only one class of HF medication or not receiving any HF medication. Patient‐related factors comprising older age, New York Heart Association functional class, rural living, presence of hypertension, and history of myocardial infarction were independently associated with the use or non‐use of GDMT. During the median 24‐month period, the primary composite endpoint occurred in 362 patients (34.1%), and 177 of 1062 (16.7%) patients died. Patients treated with two or three classes of HF medications had a decreased risk of hospitalization for HF or cardiovascular death compared with those patients receiving ≤1 class of HF medication [hazard ratio (HR): 0.65; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.49–0.85; P = 0.002, and HR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.47–0.79; P < 0.001, respectively].ConclusionsThe real‐life SMYRNA study provided comprehensive data about the clinical factors associated with the non‐use of GDMT and showed that suboptimal GDMT is associated with an increased risk of hospitalization for HF or cardiovascular death in patients with HFrEF.
Outcomes at one year in women with peripartum cardiomyopathy: Findings from the ESC EORP PPCM Registry
Authors: Jackson Alice M. , Bauersachs Johann , Petrie Mark C. , van der Meer Peter , Laroche Cecile , Farhan Hasan Ali , Frogoudaki Alexandra , Ibrahim Bassem , Fouad Doaa A. , Damasceno Albertino , Karaye Kamilu , Goland Sorel , Maggioni Aldo P. , Briton Olivia , Sliwa Karen ,   on behalf of the EURObservational Research Programme in conjunction with the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology Committee on Peripartum Cardiomyopathies
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTAimsThere are few prospective reports of 1‐year outcomes for women with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM). We report findings from the European Society of Cardiology EURObservational Research Programme PPCM Registry.Methods and resultsThe registry enrolled women from 51 countries from 2012 to 2018. Eligibility included: (i) a peripartum state, (ii) signs or symptoms of heart failure, (iii) left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction ≤45%, (iv) exclusion of alternative causes of heart failure. We report mortality, thromboembolism, stroke, rehospitalization, LV recovery and remodelling at 1 year. Differences between regions were compared. One‐year mortality data were available in 535 (71%) women and follow‐up differed across regions. At 1 year, death from any cause occurred in 8.4% of women, with regional variation (Europe 4.9%, Africa 6.5%, Asia‐Pacific 9.2%, Middle East 18.9%; p < 0.001). The frequencies of thromboembolism and stroke were 6.3% and 2.5%, respectively, and were similar across regions. A total of 14.0% of women had at least one rehospitalization and 3.5% had recurrent rehospitalizations (i.e. two or more). Overall, 66.1% of women had recovery of LV function (22% between 6 months and 1 year), with a mean LV ejection fraction increase from baseline of 21.2% (±13.6). Recovery occurred most frequently in Asia‐Pacific (77.5%) and least frequently in the Middle East (32.7%). There were significant regional differences in the use of heart failure pharmacotherapies.ConclusionsApproximately 1 in 12 women with PPCM had died by 1 year and thromboembolism and stroke occurred in 6.3% and 2.5%, respectively. Around 1 in 7 women had been rehospitalized and, in 1 in 3, LV recovery had not occurred. PPCM is associated with substantial mortality and morbidity globally.
Phosphinine vs Pyridine in Luminescent CuI Complexes and Application in Lifetime‐Based Molecular Thermometer
Authors: Zhang Jie , Li Yaqi , Liu Shihua , Lin Jieli , Fan Ya‐Nan , Li Zhongshu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLuminescent CuI complexes have attracted significant interest due to their adjustable emission properties, diverse structures, and reasonable cost. In this work, two class of complexes, namely phosphinine and pyridine ligated CuI complexes that differ by only one atom, were synthesized and characterized. Photophysical analysis and theoretical studies reveal an emissive phosphinine‐localized triplet states for CuI phosphinine complexes, and a temperature‐dependent interplay between metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer (MLCT) singlet and triplet states for CuI pyridine complexes. In general, the CuI phosphinine complexes exhibit a longer lifetime and greater temperature‐dependent lifetime changes than the pyridine complexes. A molecular thermometer incorporating CuI phosphinine complexes 2 c as indicator was fabricated. This thermometer exhibits a rare linear correlation between temperature and lifetime ranging from 77–297 K with a high sensitivity of −13.5 μs K−1.
Sustainable ultra‐strong thermally conductive wood‐based antibacterial structural materials with anti‐corrosion and ultraviolet shielding
Authors: Ye Haoran , Shi Yang , Xu Ben Bin , Guo Zhanhu , Fan Wei , Zhang Zhongfeng , Mulvihill Daniel M. , Zhang Xuehua , Shi Pengju , He Ximin , Ge Shengbo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn light of the uprising global development on sustainability, an innovative and environmental friendly wood‐based material derived from natural pinewood has been developed as a high‐performance alternative to petrochemical‐based materials. The wood‐based functional material, named as BC‐CaCl2, is synthesized through the coordination of carboxyl groups (−COOH) present in pinewood with calcium ions (Ca2+), which facilitates the formation of a high‐density cross‐linking structure through the combined action of intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The as‐prepared BC‐CaCl2 exhibits excellent tensile strength (470.5 MPa) and flexural strength (539.5 MPa), establishing a robust structural basis for the materials. Meanwhile, BC‐CaCl2 shows good water resistance, thermal conductivity, thermal stability, UV resistance, corrosion resistance, and antibacterial properties. BC‐CaCl2 represents a viable alternative to petrochemical‐based materials. Its potential application areas include waterproof enclosure structure of buildings, indoor underfloor heating, outdoor UV resistant protective cover, and anti‐corrosion materials for installation engineering, and so forth.image
Production of sustainable biodiesel from alkaline pretreated dairy effluent using Yarrowia lipolytica
Authors: Srirajarajeshwari M. , Jeyanthi J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBiodiesel (BD) has grown in popularity over the last few years due to the global energy crisis, in addition to the depletion of reserves and the shortage of oil. The current study investigates the utilization of dairy effluent as a substratum for Yarrowia lipolytica, an oily yeast employed in biofuel generation. The dairy effluent has high biochemical oxygen demand, dissolved solids and, low pH. In this study, based on carbon nitrogen ratio (C/N), the alkaline pretreatment method (KOH 5%) was adopted to grow Y. lipolytica in dairy effluent. After 5 days of growth at 29°C, pH 6.9 (initial pH of dairy effluent), and stirring speed 120 rpm, the growth of Y. lipolytica produced 42.3 g/L biomass. Utilizing an ex‐situ transesterification method, the biomass was metamorphosed into BD. Using a modified version of Folch, Bligh, and Dyer's approach, lipid removal was done as the initial step. Moreover, the lipid was transesterified in a KOH catalyst, yielding 61% BD. Utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, the produced fatty acid methyl ester was examined.
An experimental study on optimum temperature of B20 POBD for higher efficiency and lower emissions of a DI diesel engine in lean and ultra‐lean combustion conditions
Authors: Pourhoseini S. H. , Javadpour Seyed Morteza , Baghban M. , Ficarella A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe impact of inlet fuel temperature on the performance and emission characteristics of a 406 cc, single‐cylinder, air‐cooled, 4‐stroke, direct injection (DI) diesel engine was investigated to determine the suitable temperature of fuel for the best conditions of the engine in lean and ultra‐lean mixture combustion mode. B20 palm oil biodiesel‐diesel blend fuel (B20 POBD), as common renewable fuel and favorite biodiesel blend ratio used in the research, was provided and injected in the engine at varying temperatures in the range of 10–40°C and the engine parameters including the output power, specific fuel consumption (SFC), thermal efficiency, flue gas heat recovery efficiency and CO and NOx pollutant emissions were measured at different air–fuel ratios corresponded to lean and ultra‐lean mixtures. The results showed that there is an optimum temperature for fuel (about 20°C) in which maximum thermal efficiency and minimum SFC and CO emission are obtained. The minimum SFC and CO emission were 0.45 Kg/kWh and 610 ppm at the optimum temperature and output power of 1.5 kW, respectively. The effect of fuel temperature on SFC and CO increases as the output power decreases and for all fuel temperatures, the output power is inversely related to the air–fuel ratio. In addition, the elevated output power reduces the CO emission in all inlet fuel temperatures. Furthermore, an ultra‐lean mixture (very high A/F ratio) can dramatically decrease the thermal efficiency of diesel engines at all fuel temperatures, such that at the inlet fuel temperature of 17°C, increase in A/F ratio from 51 to 108 decreases the thermal efficiency from 16.8% to 0.12%. Finally, low engine output power leads to low levels of NOx emission, such that decrease in output power from 1.5 to 0.5 kW reduces the NOx emission from 522 to 204 ppm, respectively.
Critical drawdown pressure prediction for sanding production of underground gas storage in a depleted reservoir in China
Authors: Song Rui , Xie Ruiyang , Zhang Ping , Pei Guihong , Liu Jianjun , Wan Xusheng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSanding production of the underground gas storage (UGS) in the depleted reservoir will cause the decline of effective storage capacity, and the erosion of well string and auxiliary equipment, and other engineering problems. A deep understanding of the sanding production contributes to maintaining the injection and production capacity of gas storage and the long‐term safety of the UGS. In this paper, core samples of five main sedimentary microfacies were drilled from the UGS in middle China. The mechanical properties with different conditions of the moisture content in multi‐cycling injection–production process were tested. The critical drawdown pressure (CDP) calculation methods for the UGS were established based on the stress analysis near the wellbore and the Mogi–Coulomb criterion. Adopting the finite element method simulation on the geological model of the target UGS, the geo‐stress of the formation was calculated by inversed analysis and validated based on the Kaiser effect of rock. Then, the CDP of two target wells of the UGS were investigated. The effects of the water moisture and the cycling times of the injection–production process on the CDP were also analyzed. The geo‐stress distribution shows that the horizontal maximum principal stress ranges from 53 to 68 MPa, and the horizontal minimum principal stress is 46–58 MPa in the target reservoir section, and the vertical minimum principal stress is 69–77 MPa in the target reservoir. The calculated CDP changed with the types of the sedimentary microfacies in the range of [6.27, 8.77] MPa, in which the CDP of the mixed mud and sand flat sedimentary facies was the lowest. The weakness of the CDP with the increasing of the moisture content and the cycling times were analyzed quantitively.
Unravelling the morphogenesis of coastal terraces at Cape Laundi (Sumba Island, Indonesia): Insights from numerical models
Authors: Chauveau Denovan , Pastier Anne‐Morwenn , de Gelder Gino , Husson Laurent , Authemayou Christine , Pedoja Kevin , Cahyarini Sri Yudawati 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe morphology of coastal sequences provides fundamental observations to unravel past sea level (SL) variations. For that purpose, converting morphometric observations into a SL datum requires understanding their morphogenesis. The long‐lasting sequence of coral reef terraces (CRTs) at Cape Laundi (Sumba Island, Indonesia) could serve as a benchmark. Yet, it epitomizes a pitfall that challenges the ultimate goal: the overall chronology of its development remains poorly constrained. The polycyclic nature of the terraces, involving marine erosion and reoccupation of old coral colonies by more recent ones hinders any clear assignment of Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) to specific terraces, in particular the reference datum corresponding to the last Interglacial maximum (i.e., MIS 5e). Thus, to overcome these obstacles, we numerically model the genesis of the sequence, testing a range of eustatic SL (ESL) reconstructions and uplift rates, as well as exploring the parameter space to address reef growth, erosion and sedimentation. A total of 625 model runs allowed us to improve the morpho‐chronological constraints of the coastal sequence and, more particularly, to explain the morphogenesis of the several CRTs associated with MIS 5e. Our results suggest that the lowermost main terrace was first constructed during the marine transgression of MIS 5e and was later reshaped during the marine regression of MIS 5e, as well as during the MIS 5c and MIS 5a highstands. Finally, we discuss the general morphology of the sequence and the implications it may have on SL reconstructions. At Cape Laundi, as elsewhere, we emphasize the necessity of addressing the development of CRT sequences with a dynamic approach, that is, considering that a CRT is a landform built continuously throughout the history of SL oscillations, and not simply during a singular SL maximum.
Efficacy mechanisms research progress of the active components in the characteristic woody edible oils
Authors: Xu Lili , Wang Wei , Bai Kaiwen , Wu Yi , Ling Yilin , Kong Xiaoyue , Agusti Romero , Qi Qianhui , Zheng Zhaisheng , Yuan Ming'an , Chen Le , Liu Lianliang , Weng Peifang , Zhang Yu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWoody edible oils are a type of vegetable oil. Woody edible oils like olive oil have greater quantities of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), particularly essential FAs, as well as vitamin E, phytosterols, and other nutrients that are becoming more vital in human health. As a result, finding high‐quality woody oil resource plants is critical to ensuring enough edible oil supply. As six novel woody crops, Paeonia suffruticosa, Plukenetia volubilis, Acer truncatum, Olea europaea, Camellia sinensis, and Camellia oleifera are characterized by high oil production, widespread cultivation, adaptability, and various active ingredients. The six woody crop oils contain UFAs (e.g., α‐linolenic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid), vitamin E, polyphenols, phytosterols, and so forth. The presence of these active ingredients confers anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, cholesterol and lipid metabolism regulating, blood lipid lowering, immune boosting, memory improving, intestinal flora regulating, and other properties to the oils, which are beneficial to body health. This article examined in depth the seed resources, FA composition, active component kinds, active ingredient efficacy mechanism, and physiological impacts of these six novel woody crop oils. These developments lay a solid platform for further study and development of these woody oil crops.