bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Synthetic Route to Heteroarylsilanes via Ruthenium-Catalyzed C-H/SiR3 Coupling
Authors: Kakiuchi Fumitoshi , Matsumoto Mitsutaka , Sonoda Motohiro , Fukuyama Takahide , Chatani Naoto , Murai Shinji , Furukawa Naoyuki , Seki Yoshio 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Heteroarylsilanes can be synthesized by the reaction of heteroaromatic compounds with triorganovinylsilanes with the aid of a Ru3(CO)12-catalyst. A variety of heteroaromatic compounds can be used in this C–H/SiR3 coupling. The coupling reaction was observed to take place at a position β to the directing carbonyl group, e.g., ketone, ester, and amide, in the case of heteroaromatic compounds.
Liquid Crystals with a 5-Cyanotropone Skeleton: 2-(4-Alkoxybenzoyloxy)-5-cyanotropone and 2-(4-Alkoxybenzoylamino)-5-cyanotropones
Authors: Hashimoto Masashi , Ujiie Seiji , Mori Akira 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
New troponoid liquid crystals with an electron-withdrawing cyano group at the C-5 position of tropolone and 2-aminotropone rings were prepared. Tropolone derivatives had nematic phases with lower thermal stabilities and smectic A phases with higher thermal stabilities than the corresponding benzenoids while thermal stabilities of the aminotropone derivatives were better than those of the benzenoids. The X-ray diffraction studies indicated that the ratios of the layer spacing measured in the smectic A phase and the calculated molecular length are 1.3 for a tropolone derivative and 1.45 for an aminotropone derivative. They formed interdigitated bilayers.
Enantioface-Selective Complexation of Prochiral Dienes on Planar-Chiral Cyclopentadienylruthenium Complexes Bearing an Anchor Phosphine Ligand
Authors: Matsushima Yuji , Onitsuka Kiyotaka , Takahashi Shigetoshi 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Planar-chiral cyclopentadienylruthenium complex 1 [{η5:η1-C5H2-2-Me-4-Ph-1-CO2CH2CH2PPh2}Ru(CH3CN)2][PF6] bearing an anchor phosphine ligand exhibits a high enantioface selectivity in the reaction with prochiral dienes 2 to give planar-chiral η4-diene complex 3.
The Application of Polyester Microchip to Capillary Electrophoresis
Authors: Xu Wei , Uchiyama Katsumi , Shimosaka Takuya , Hobo Toshiyuki 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Inexpensive disposable polyester microchip was fabricated through well-known photolithographic and wet-chemical etching procedure. Laboratory-scale laser induced fluorescence equipment was employed in this work to evaluate the separation performance of the polyester chip by using two laser dyes as samples. The polyester chip exhibited much higher separation efficiency than traditional fused silica capillary under the same miceller electrokinetic chromatographic condition.
The First Competitive Formation of [4] and [2]Supercyclodextrins by Self-Association of an α-Cyclodextrin Bearing a Bisazophenol Group
Authors: Fujimoto Tatsuhiko , Sakata Yoshiteru , Kaneda Takahiro 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
A new lipophilic α-cyclodextrin 1 bearing a bisazophenol group as an internal guest self-associates to form a cyclic dimer 2 and the first [4]supercyclodextrin 3p competitively, and the two successive association equilibria have been first analyzed.
Fast Internal Conversion in Nonfluorescent Carbonyl Anthracenes
Authors: Tanaka Fujio , Furuta Tomoaki , Okamoto Masami , Hirayama Satoshi 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
The quantum yield of triplet formation (φT) for two nonfluorescent molecules of 9-acetylanthracene and 9-benzoylanthracene was determined with a time-resolved thermal lensing method (TRTL). The value of φT for 9-benzoylanthracene was 0.19 in cyclohexane, indicating that a fast internal conversion process with a rate constant of 4.0 × 1010 s−1 exists in the deactivation from the first excited singlet state (S1).
Synthesis and Structure of a New Reduced Isopolyvanadate, [V17O42]4−
Authors: Hayashi Yoshihito , Fukuyama Kumiko , Takatera Tamaki , Uehara Akira 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Reduced heptadecavanadate [V17O42]4− has been synthesized from [H3V10O28]3− by the reaction using palladium 1,5-COD complex, and characterized by a single crystal X-ray structure analysis. The structure can be regarded as a fused decavanadate and consists of an arrangement of thirteen edge shared VO6 octahedra and four VO5 square pyramids.
Preparation and Characterization of Polynuclear Manganese(III) Complexes with SalbnH2, N,N′-Disalicylidene-1,4-diaminobutane
Authors: Asada Hideyuki , Fujiwara Manabu , Matsushita Takayuki 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
The reactions between the Schiff base ligand salbnH2, N,N′-disalicylidene-1,4-diaminobutane and MnIII(Oac)3·2H2O have been found to give a polymer complex, [MnIII(μ-salbn)Oac]n 1 or a dinuclear complex, [MnIII(μ-salbn)Cl]2 2 by the addition of LiCl. In both complexes, salbn ligands act as a bridging bidentate ligand toward a manganese ion. The complex 2 has been found to decompose H2O2 catalytically with dioxygen evolution, cycling its oxidation states between MnIII2 and MnII2.
Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Butatrienes
Authors: Ogasawara Masamichi , Ikeda Hisashi , Ohtsuki Kazunori , Hayashi Tamio 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed synthesis of functionalized butatrienes was achieved starting from 2-bromo-1-buten-3-yne derivatives and nucleophiles. The reaction proceeded under very mild conditions giving the products in moderate to good yields. The reactivity of the bromobutenyne substrates was highly dependent on substituents at 1-position. A subtle balance of nucleophilicity and basicity in the nucleophiles was also important for the success of the reactions.
Novel Triad Dyes with Wide Spectral Response for SnO2 Nanoporous Electrode
Authors: Zhu Weihong , Tian He , Gao Enqin , Yang Maizhi , Müllen Klaus 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Some novel trichromophoric dyes for Grätzel-type solar cell sentisizer, in which perylene unit and oxadiazole or naphthalimide units were linked with saturated covalent bonds, have been synthesized. The sensitization by the dyes increases photocurrent of nanostructured porous SnO2 electrode obviously in a wide spectral region (from 310 nm to 700 nm). The maximum value of the IPCE has reached 12%.
Direct Conversion of Azides and Benzyl Carbamates to t-Butyl Carbamates Using Polymethylhydrosiloxane and Pd-C
Authors: Chandrasekhar S , Chandraiah L , Reddy Ch Raji , Reddy M Venkat 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
One step direct conversion of azides and benzyl carbamates to t-butyl carbamates is achieved using inexpensive and safe hydride source namely polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) under Pd-C catalysis.
Compensation Effect between Differential Activation Enthalpy and Entropy in Subtilisin-Catalyzed Kinetic Resolutions of Secondary Alcohols
Authors: Ema Tadashi , Yamaguchi Kunihiro , Wakasa Yuji , Tanaka Nobuaki , Utaka Masanori , Sakai Takashi 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Thermodynamic parameters for subtilisin-catalyzed kinetic resolutions of secondary alcohols were determined, and a compensation effect between ΔΔH‡ and ΔΔS‡ was found. These data are explained in terms of the transition-state model.
First Isolations and Structuresof the cis-Bis(phosphoranido) Palladium(II) and Platinum(II) Complexes
Authors: Kajiyama Kazumasa , Hirai Yoshinari , Otsuka Takeshi , Yuge Hidetaka , Miyamoto Takeshi Ken 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
The reaction of a phosphoranide generated from a P–H spirophosphorane bearing two 8-oxy-1-naphthyl groups with (dmpe)MCl2 (M; Pd, Pt) [dmpe; bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane] gives the first cis-bis(phosphoranido) palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes. The crystal structures of the racemic isomers of the complexes are determined by the X-ray structural analyses.
Living Polymerization of Aryl Isocyanides by Multifunctional Initiators Containing Pd–Pt µ-Ethynediyl Unit
Authors: Ohshiro Nobuaki , Shimizu Atsushi , Okumura Reiko , Takei Fumie , Onitsuka Kiyotaka , Takahashi Shigetoshi 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Multinuclear acetylide complexes containing two or three Pd–Pt µ-ethynediyl units have been prepared and successfully applied to a multifunctional initiator for the living polymerization of aryl isocyanides, which gives two- or three-armed poly(isocyanide)s with a narrow polydispersity index in good yields.
Effects of Acetic Anhydride on the Activation and Polymerization Rates in Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization of Styrene
Authors: Goto Atsushi , Tsujii Yoshinobu , Fukuda Takeshi 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
In order to assess the recent suggestion of Hawker et al.1 that the C–ON bond of an alkoxyamine is weakened by acetic anhydride (Ac2O), the activation (dissociation) rate constant kact of a polystyrene–nitroxide adduct was directly determined in the presence of Ac2O. The result showed that Ac2O has no effect on the activation rate, contrary to the suggestion. On the other hand, Ac2O was confirmed to accelerate the polymerization rate. The mechanism of acceleration was discussed.
Synthesis and Formation Mechanism of Bi(Se,S) Nanowires via a Solvothermal Template Process
Authors: Su Huilan , Xie Yi , Gao Peng , Lu Hong , Xiong Yujie , Qian Yitai 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Hexagonal Bi(Se,S) nanowires (20 nm × 1.5 µm) were prepared for the first time via a mild solvothermal template reaction of BiCl3 with triphenylphosphine sulfide (TPPS) and elemental Se in ethylenediamine (en) at 120 °C for 20 h. In this process, the sulfur source TPPS as a template, the solvent ethylenediamine, and reaction temperature were critical factors of forming hexagonal Bi(Se,S) nanowires.
Differential Pressure Effect on Bimodal Inclusion Complex of β-Cyclodextrin with a Nitroxide Radical Probe as Studied with Electron Paramagnetic Resonance
Authors: Sueishi Yoshimi , Kasahara Masamichi , Kotake Yashige 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Differential pressure effect was found in the inclusion equilibrium of bimodal inclusion (phenyl-in and t-butyl-in) complexes of β-cyclodextrin with the free-radical probe diphenylmethyl t-butyl nitroxide. A high-pressure electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) system was employed to determine the shift of the EPR spectra under high static pressure. With increasing external pressure, the equilibrium between phenyl-in and t-butyl-in complexes shifts to the t-butyl-in side.
Mo-Containing SBA-1 Mesoporous Molecular Sieves as Catalysts for Partial Oxidation of Methane
Authors: Dai Lian-Xin , Teng Yong-Hong , Tabata Kenji , Suzuki Eiji , Tatsumi Takashi 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Mo-Containing SBA-1 mesoporous molecular sieves synthesized under strongly acidic conditions exhibited catalytic performance, superior to that of Mo-impregnated pure silica SBA-1 or silica gel, for the partial oxidation of methane with oxygen as an oxidant.
Regioselective Polymerization of Sorbitol and Divinyl Sebacate Using Lipase Catalyst
Authors: Uyama Hiroshi , Klegraf Ellen , Wada Satoshi , Kobayashi Shiro 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
A sugar-containing polyester was synthesized by the polymerization of sorbitol and divinyl sebacate using Candida antarctica lipase as catalyst in acetonitrile. NMR analysis showed that sorbitol was regioselectively acylated at 1- and 6-positions.
Amperometric Measurement of Nitric Oxide (NO) Using an Electrode Coated with Polydimethylsiloxane
Authors: Mizutani Fumio , Hirata Yoshiki , Yabuki Soichi , Iijima Seiichiro 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Dip-coating of a platinum electrode from an aqueous dispersion of polydimethylsiloxane provided an amperometric nitric oxide (NO) sensor with high performance characteristics such as rapid response (100% response time, 3 s), high sensitivity (detection limit, 20 nM; 1 M = 1 mol dm−3), high stability (usable for more than a month) and high selectivity (e.g., the ratio of response for uric acid to that for the same concentration of NO, less than 10−4).
Novel Synthesis of Fluoroalkylated α,β-Unsaturated Ketones by the Oxygenative Perfluoroalkylation of α-Chlorostyrenes
Authors: Yoshida Masato , Ohkoshi Masanori , Iyoda Masahiko 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
The photochemical reaction of perfluoroalkyl iodide with α-chlorostyrenes in the presence of hexabutylditin under oxygen atmosphere produced fluoroalkylated α,β-unsaturated ketones in moderate to good yields.
Rotaxanes Functionalized by Chirality: Novel Rotaxanes Consisting of Binaphthol-Based Chiral Crown Ether
Authors: Tachibana Yuya , Kihara Nobuhiro , Ohga Yasuko , Takata Toshikazu 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
A chiral crown ether 1 was synthesized from (R)-1,1′-bi-2-naphthol. Chiral rotaxanes were prepared by end-capping of pseudorotaxanes consisting of 1 and secondary ammonium salts. An ammonium salt bearing terminal anthracene group gave stable pseudorotaxane. Chiral induction was observed during end-capping by radical conjugate addition of a bulky thiol to the pseudorotaxane bearing methacrylate group at the terminus.
Chirally-Ordered Fullerene Assemblies Found in Organic Gel Systems of Cholesterol-Appended [60]Fullerenes
Authors: Ishi-i Tsutomu , Ono Yoshiyuki , Shinkai Seiji 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Cholesterol-appended [60]fullerene gelators 2a and 2b were prepared and their gelation properties were investigated. 2a with a natural C-3 configuration can gelate dichloromethane whereas 2b with an inverted C-3 configuration could not gelate any solvents. UV/Vis and CD spectroscopic studies indicated that the [60]fullerene moiety in 2a is enforced to chirally orient in the gel state.
Novel Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 1,4-Bis(3-chloro-1,1,3-trimethylbutyl)benzene
Authors: Kéki Sándor , Deák György , Bényei Attila Cs , Zsuga Miklós 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
A symmetrical isobutene adduct was synthesized with high yield at −80 °C by means of the 1,4-bis(1-chloro-1-methylethyl)benzene/isobutene system using tetrabutylammonium chloride. The main product under the reaction conditions applied was the symmetrical isobutene adduct, which was crystallized from a hexane/dichloromethane solution and the crystals were analyzed by X-ray crystallography.
Formation and Spectroscopic Characterization of the Carbon Monoxide Adduct of an Alkanethiolate-Coordinated Heme
Authors: Matsu-ura Mikiya , Tani Fumito , Naruta Yoshinori 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
The CO adduct of a thiolate-coordinated heme was obtained by two different methods and characterized by UV–vis and resonance Raman spectroscopy. The n(Fe–CO) band was observed at 428 cm−1. The unusually low frequency indicates the extremely strong σ-donation from the thiolate axial ligand to the heme iron.
A Novel and Chemoselective Protocol for the Reduction of Azides Using FeCl3–Zn System
Authors: Pathak Diganta , Laskar Dhrubojyoti D , Prajapati Dipak , Sandhu Jagir S 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Chemoselective reduction of alkyl, aryl, aroyl and arylsulfonyl azides to the parent amines or amides, respectively, occurs in excellent yields upon treatment with a novel inexpensive reduction system consisting of FeCl3–Zn at room temperature.
Self-Assembly of Chelator-Type Nucleic Acid Mimics into a Single-Stranded ZnII Coordination Polymer
Authors: Hatano Akihiko , Tanaka Kentaro , Shiro Motoo , Shionoya Mitsuhiko 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
The synthesis of a “chelator-type” adenine mimic, which has two metal binding sites, and its ZnII–assisted self-assembly into a single-stranded coordination polymer are described. The UV absorption changes of a 1 : 1 mixture of the ZnII complex and a single-stranded DNA oligomer (dT)70 showed the temperature-dependent hyperchromic effect in an analogous manner as thermal denaturation processes of natural DNA duplexes.
Optically Active Cationic Cobalt(III) Complexes: Highly Efficient Catalysts for Enantioselective Hetero Diels–Alder Reaction
Authors: Kezuka Satoko , Mita Tsuyoshi , Ohtsuki Natsuki , Ikeno Taketo , Yamada Tohru 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Optically active β-ketoiminato cobalt(III) complexes were developed for use as effective catalysts of the enantioselective hetero Diels–Alder reaction of aryl and alkyl aldehydes with 1-methoxy-[3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-1,3-butadiene. In the presence of 5 mol% cationic cobalt(III) triflate complexes derived from optically active 1,2-bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,2-ethylenediamine, the hetero Diels–Alder reaction of p-nitro- benzaldehyde proceeded in 94% yield with 94% ee.
Synthesis of Cyclopentapeptides Using an Organophosphorus Reagent DEPBT
Authors: Tang Yan-Chun , Gao Xing-Ming , Tian Gui-Ling , Ye Yun-Hua 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Two cyclopentapeptides cyclo(ProTyrLeuAlaGly)(1) and cyclo(AlaTyrLeuAlaGly)(2) isolated and identified from a Chinese medicinal herb were chosen as model cyclopeptides to evaluate a novel coupling reagent DEPBT (3-(diethoxy-phosphoryloxy-1,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3H)-one). DEPBT was used for synthesis of cyclic peptides in one-pot procedure. Compared with some other coupling reagents, the cyclization yields were satisfactory.
One-Step Synthesis of Terephthalic Acid from Benzene in Water Using Cyclodextrin as Catalyst
Authors: Shiraishi Yukihide , Tashiro Shigetoshi , Toshima Naoki 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
The one-pot synthesis of terephthalic acid from benzene has been achieved by treatment with tetrachloromethane, copper powder, and an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution using cyclodextrin as a catalyst at 30 °C under nitrogen in 46 mol% yield with 100% selectivity.
Vacuum-Ultraviolet Circular Dichroism Spectrophotometer Using Synchrotron Radiation: Optical System and Off-line Performance
Authors: Ojima Noriyuki , Sakai Kenichi , Fukazawa Tomoyuki , Gekko Kunihiko 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
With the aim of measuring the circular dichroism (CD) spectra of biomaterials in aqueous solutions in the vacuum ultraviolet region of 310–140 nm, the optical and sample cell system endurable under high vacuum was first constructed to be incorporated into the synchrotron radiation beam line as the light source. The performance of the present system was confirmed to be satisfactory in the high vacuum off-line experiment by monitoring the CD spectra of ammonium d-camphor-10-sulfonate aqueous solutions.
Carbon Dioxide Gas Sensing with the Combination of Divalent Magnesium Ion and Oxide Ion Conducting Solid Electrolytes
Authors: Imanaka Nobuhito , Yamamoto Takao , Adachi Gin-ya 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
The main gas species causing the global warming of the earth is carbon dioxide (CO2) and the human race must seek for the solution to suppress the continuous increase crisis of the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. Here, two types of solid electrolytes were rigidly selected from their thermodynamic stability and reasonably high ionic conducting properties point of view to create the CO2 practical sensing performance.
Diastereoselective Pinacol Coupling Reaction of Aliphatic and Aromatic Aldehydes Promoted by Low Valent Titanium Iodide in situ Formed by Titanium(IV) Iodide and Copper
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Yoshimura Naritoshi , Igarashi Koji 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
The pinacol coupling reaction of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes including pivalaldehyde with low valent titanium iodide, in situ formed from titanium iodide(IV) and copper, proceeded smoothly in a mixed solvent of dichloromethane and pivalonitrile to give the corresponding 1,2-diols in good to high yields and dl-selectivities.
A New Ceria-Zirconia Mixed Oxide Phase Based on Pyrochlore
Authors: Masui Toshiyuki , Ozaki Tetsuya , Adachi Gin-ya , Kang Zhenchuan , Eyring LeRoy 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
A new oxygen-rich ceria-zirconia pyrochlore phase has been produced by thermal decomposition of cerium-zirconyl oxalate in an argon flow and subsequent oxidation at 673 K for 2 h; it has been identified with high resolution electron microscopy.
Selenocarbonyl Analogues of Tetrathiafulvaleno-quinone(-thioquinone)-1,3-dithiolemethides as New Donor Molecules
Authors: Ueda Kazumasa , Kominami Tsuyoshi , Iwamatsu Masaki , Sugimoto Toyonari 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Diethylthiotetrathiafulvalenoselenoquinone-1,3-dithiolemethide (1a) and -1,3-benzodithiolemethide (2a) were newly prepared as a donor molecule, which was colored blue in contrast to the corresponding thiocarbonyl- (1b and 2b) (green) and carbonyl-analogues (1c and 2c) (red). From comparison of their first redox potentials, 1a (2a) possesses almost the same electron-donating ability to 1b (2b) and 1c (2c). The reaction of 2a with P(n-Bu)3 afforded a coupled ylidene compound (3) albeit in low yield, which can be expected as another new donor molecule.
Oxidative Cleavage of Epoxides with Ammonium Molybdate–H2O2 System: An Efficient Route to α-Hydroxy Ketones
Authors: Ismail Nusrat , Rao R Nageswara 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Epoxides are efficiently converted into α-hydroxy ketones by employing ammonium molybdate–H2O2 system. The α-hydroxy ketones are prepared without the formation of α-hydroxy aldehydes, via 1,2-diols as intermediates. The products are formed with excellent yields under very mild conditions.
Strategies for the Development of Visible-light-driven Photocatalysts for Water Splitting
Authors: Kudo Akihiko , Kato Hideki , Tsuji Issei 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Photocatalysts for water splitting developed by the present authors are reviewed. A NiO (0.2 wt %)/NaTaO3:La (2%) photocatalyst with a 4.1-eV band gap showed high activity for water splitting into H2 and O2 with an apparent quantum yield of 56% at 270 nm. Many visible-light-driven photocatalysts have also been developed through band engineering by doping of metal cations, forming new valence bands with Bi6s, Sn5s, and Ag4d orbitals, and by making solid solutions between ZnS with wide band gap and narrow band gap semiconductors. Overall water splitting under visible light irradiation has been achieved by construction of a Z-scheme photocatalysis system employing the visible-light-driven photocatalysts for H2 and O2 evolution, and the Fe3+/Fe2+ redox couple as an electron relay.
Effects of Pressure on the Thermal Back Electron Transfer in a Dibenzylbipyridinium Salt. Solvent Reorganizations and Dynamic Solvent Effects
Authors: Shihab Mehdi S , Kubota Koji , Takahashi Toru , Ohga Yasushi , Asano Tsutomu 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Kinetic effects of pressure on a decay of a radical pair produced by UV irradiation of N,N′-dibenzyl-4,4′-bypyridinium dichloride were studied in acetonitrile (AN) and propylene carbonate (PC). Both in AN and PC, the process was accelerated by an increase in pressure indicating a considerable contraction of the solvation sphere during the activation. Furthermore, in PC, pressure-induced retardation was observed at P &gt; 200 MPa and it was attributed to slow solvent thermal fluctuations at high pressures.
Formation of TaC Nanorods with a Low-Temperature Chemical Route
Authors: Shi Liang , Gu Yunle , Chen Luyang , Yang Zeheng , Ma Jianhua , Qian Yitai 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Tantalum carbide (TaC) nanocrystals have been successfully synthesized at 650 °C through a solid-state reaction in an autoclave. Transmission electron microscopy images show that the TaC crystallites consist of nanorods with a typical size of about 40 × 800 nm. Some uniform particles with an average size of about 40 nm also exist in the sample.
Porous TiO2 (anatase) Electrodes for High-Power Batteries
Authors: Yamada Hirotoshi , Yamato Takanori , Moriguchi Isamu , Kudo Tetsuichi 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Porous TiO2 (anatase) with bimodal pores (50 and 430 nm) and monomodal pores (50 nm) was synthesized by using colloidal crystals as templates. Electrochemical capacity of lithium insertion/extraction to the bimodal porous TiO2 was as large as 66.1 mAh·g−1 at the current density of 3.7 A·g−1, which was higher than those of nanoparticulate TiO2 and porous TiO2 prepared by using 50 nm PS colloid.