bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing a KAP (Knowledge, attitude, and practice) tool to capture healthy lifestyle within primary care
Authors: Alnuaimi Ahmed Sameer , Syed Muslim Abbas , Syed Mohamed , Mohamed Hafiz Ahmed , Zainel Abduljaleel Abdullatif 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Non-communicable diseases contribute to a significant global burden of disease and are associated with modifiable risk factors. These risk factors are closely related with lifestyles and eating patterns which are often culturally embedded and managed differently in various health care settings.
Aim of the study: To assesses the applicability and feasibility of the KAPS (Knowledge, attitude, and practice) survey in generating data about knowledge, attitudes, and practices about healthy lifestyles globally and providing foundations for testing other models or development of a newer model in this area which captures and influence behavior changes towards healthy lifestyles.
Methods: The KAP survey was tailored to capture the construct of healthy lifestyles (within the context of Qatar primary care settings) by reviewing existing surveys, adaptation to local context, expert consultation and feedback, pilot testing, feedback analysis, cognitive interviews and translation and validation.
Results: The study reports that most participants found the content comprehensive, relevant, easy to understand but considered it lengthy. The study highlights the significance of incorporating expert feedback in this exercise, acknowledging that it is an iterative process and recognizing the challenges associated with the items and domains included in such a tool.
Conclusion: A KAP tool specifically designed for healthy lifestyles can aid in health advocacy, monitoring the modifiable risk factors, capturing rich epidemiological data to design preventive interventions, surveillance of high risks patients and strengthening the existing health information systems. Further research is needed to modify and formulate a KAP specifically for healthy lifestyles with stronger validity and generalizability within different healthcare settings globally.
Optimizing Cystic Fibrosis Care: Role of Weight Gain in Lung Health: A Multifaceted Analysis
Authors: Movahed Mahtab Ghorban , Ali Ahya Abdi , Ghazanfari Tooba , Modaresi Mohammadreza 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Weight gain appears to play a crucial role in enhancing lung health in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Currently, CF care centers predominantly focus on facilitating weight gain, often resorting to a high-calorie and high-fat diet. This approach is rooted in the observed impact of weight gain, specifically on the augmentation of FEV1% and FVC%, ultimately leading to an improvement in the pulmonary condition of the patients. This study investigated the intricate interplay among age, BMI, blood factors, cytokines, FEV1%, and FVC%.
Methods
In this study, 60 children and adults (aged 3–42 years) with CF were examined. Patients were stratified based on body mass index (BMI) into two groups: adequate weight (BMI = 18.5–24.9) and underweight (BMI < 18.5). Factors such as FVC%, FEV1%, age, ileus, pancreatic problems, diabetes status, blood factors, and some cytokines were tested in the two groups, and the relationships between factors with significant correlations, such as BMI, FVC%, FEV1%, age, blood factors, and cytokines, were tested.
Results
The findings of the study revealed that overweight and obese patients with adequate weight exhibited a greater average age. This group had better lung health and lower platelet counts than did the underweight group. Furthermore, investigations of parameters in all patients revealed that as age increased, there was an observable increase in BMI, FEV1%, and FVC% with a decrease in platelet count, IFN-γ, and IL-4. Interestingly, there was no significant correlation between BMI and cytokine levels. A positive correlation was observed between platelet count and TGF-β concentration, indicating that the platelet count increases with increasing TGF-β concentration. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between FVC and IFN-γ and between FVC and IL-4, indicating that an increase in FVC corresponded to elevated levels of these cytokines.
Conclusions
Patient age and facilitation of weight gain appear to exert considerable influence on critical disease-related factors, including lung status, platelet count, and cytokine levels. Our results emphasize the importance of a nutrient-rich diet in addition to standard treatments for patients with CF. Increased BMI may have a positive impact on inflammatory factors and lung health, contributing to symptom reduction and overall disease improvement.
New insights into the role of the CHI3L2 protein in invasive ductal breast carcinoma: the CHI3L1 protein has a different role
Authors: Rusak Agnieszka , Kątnik Ewa , Górnicki Tomasz , Schmuttermaier Christina , Kujawa Krzysztof , Piotrowska Aleksandra , Ratajczak-Wielgomas Katarzyna , Kmiecik Alicja , Wojnar Andrzej , Dzięgiel Piotr , Kzhyshkowska Julia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Chitinase-like proteins have multiple biological functions that promote tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. Expression of CHI3L2, which is similar in structure to CHI3L1, is detected in glioma cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in glioma and breast cancer. However, its exact role remains unclear.
Methods
We analyzed the expression of CHI3L2 in 74 invasive ductal breast carcinoma (IDC) tumors, breast cancer and macrophages cell cultures using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, Western blot and PCR methods. Clinicopathologic data were included in the analysis.
Results
The results obtained show that CHI3L2 expression decreases with increasing degree of tumor grade and negative status of estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR). Furthermore, CHI3L2 is significantly and positively correlated with phosphorylation of STAT-3 and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, but negatively correlated with macrophage infiltration. Furthermore, CHI3L2 is expressed both in the cytoplasm of cancer cells and in macrophages. Analysis of the clinicopathologic data revealed that CHI3L2 levels had no effect on patient survival.
Discussion
CHI3L2 expression may be specific for cancer cells in IDC and involved in cross-talk with the tumor microenvironment. Our study has shown that IDC cancer cells express the CHI3L2 protein, possibly indicating a novel function of this protein.
The influence of Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus and Smoking on Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy (FECD)
Authors: Zwingelberg Sarah , Lautwein Barbara , Baar Till , Heinzel-Gutenbrunner Monika , Brandenstein Melanie , Nobacht Simiak , Matthaei Mario , Cursiefen Claus , Bachmann Björn 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose:
To detect environmental factors, which may be possible risk factors in the disease course of Fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD).
Methods:
Evaluation of patients with FECD registered in the FECD genetics database of the Center for Ophthalmology, University Hospital Cologne. For the evaluation, disease onset, central corneal thickness (CCT), best spectacle corrected visual acuity (BSCVA, logMAR), and modified Krachmer grading (grades 1-6) were correlated with the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), body mass index (BMI), and smoking behavior. To put the age-related increase in Krachmer grading into perspective, a correction of grading were formed. Depending on the variables studied, differences between groups were examined by Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test. The significance level was 5%.
Results:
403 patients with FECD were included in the analysis. The mean age at diagnosis was 63.1 ±13.2 years. The female-to-male ratio was 1.46:1. Patients with a BMI > 30.0 kg/m² developed FECD significantly earlier than patients with a BMI < 30 kg/m²,p = 0.001. Patients with DM showed significantly more often an Krachmer grade of 5, p = 0.015. Smoking had a negative effect on Krachmer grading (p = 0.024). Using the mediation analysis, the presence of DM correlated Krachmer Grade 5 (p = 0.015), and the presence of DM correlated with BMI > 30.0 kg/m2 (p = 0.012).
Conclusions:
In addition to smoking and DM our study shows for the first time a negative impact of obesity on the development of FECD. Whether dietary interventions can influence the development or progression of the disease needs to be investigated in future studies.
Clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of immune-complex membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and C3 glomerulopathy in Japanese children
Authors: Ueda Chika , Horinouchi Tomoko , Inoki Yuta , Ichikawa Yuta , Tanaka Yu , Kitakado Hideaki , Kondo Atsushi , Sakakibara Nana , Nagano China , Yamamura Tomohiko , Fujimura Junya , Kamiyoshi Naohiro , Ishimori Shingo , Ninchoji Takeshi , Kaito Hiroshi , Shima Yuko , Iijima Kazumoto , Nozu Kandai , Yoshikawa Norishige 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) can be divided into immune-complex MPGN (IC-MPGN) and C3 glomerulopathy (C3G), which include dense deposit disease (DDD) and C3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN), respectively. These conditions result from abnormalities in different complement pathways and may lead to different prognoses. However, there are limited studies describing the respective clinical courses.
Methods In this study, Japanese pediatric patients diagnosed with MPGN based on kidney biopsies conducted between February 2002 and December 2022 were reclassified as having IC-MPGN or C3G (DDD or C3GN). We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of these patients.
Results Out of 25 patients with MPGN, three (12.0%) were diagnosed with DDD, 20 (80.0%) with C3GN, and two (8.0%) with IC-MPGN. There were 13 (65.0%) patients and one (33.3%) patient in remission after treatment for C3GN and DDD, respectively, and no patients with IC-MPGN achieved remission. The median follow-up period was 5.3 (2.5-8.9) years, and none of the patients in either group progressed to an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 15 ml/min/1.73m2. Patients with C3GN presenting mild to moderate proteinuria (n=8) received a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (RAS-I) alone, and these patients exhibited a significant decrease in the urinary protein creatinine ratio and a notable increase in serum C3 levels at the last follow-up.
Conclusions The majority of patients with MPGN were diagnosed with C3GN. The remission rate for C3GN was high, and no patients developed kidney failure, indicating favorable outcomes. Additionally, it was suggested that patients with mild pediatric C3GN could be treated with RAS-I alone.
Long non-coding RNA TUG1 induces ferroptosis in hippocampal neurons and depressive-like behaviors by facilitating the ubiquitination of DUSP14
Authors: Mei Si-qing , Yu Qing-yuan , Sun Ting , Peng Rui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background Previous research has established that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in major depressive disorder (MDD; however, the underlying effects of lncRNA Taurine Upregulated Gene 1 (TUG1) on MDD have yet to be fully evaluated. Here, we investigated how TUG1 triggers the dysfunction of neurons and depressive-like behaviors and determined the molecular mechanisms involved.
Methods The expression levels of TUG1 were determined in the serum samples of MDD patients by high-throughput RNA sequencing. Then, we investigated the function of TUG1 in MDD by microinjecting TUG1 lentivirus into the hippocampi of experimental mice. In addition, neuronal ferroptosis was investigated by determining the levels of ROS, GSH, and MDA. Finally, interactions between TUG1 and DUSP14 protein were validated by RNA immunoprecipitation and DUSP14 ubiquitination in neurons was analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation.
Results TUG1 was significantly increased in the hippocampal tissues of CUS mice and the peripheral blood of MDD patients and had important clinical significance for diagnosing MDD. The knockdown of TUG1 notably ameliorated hippocampal ferroptosis and depressive-like behaviors triggered by CUS. In vitro, low expression levels of TUG1 attenuated the neuronal ferroptosis induced by corticosterone by promoting the expression of DUSP14 and GPX4 expresion. Moreover, The overexpression of both DUSP14 and GPX4 reduced neuronal ferroptosis in cells overexpressing DUSP14. Mechanistically, TUG1 interacts with DUSP14 to facilitate its ubiquitination and trigger its degradation.
Conclusion Our data define the functional link between TUG1 and ferroptosis in the context of MDD and suggest that TUG1 may represent a novel therapeutic target for MDD.
Exogenous HMGB1 promotes pancreatic cancer progression by supporting the crosstalk between tumor and myeloid-derived suppressor cell
Authors: Wang Faming , Wei Wei , San Tao , Li Liqin , wang ning 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The main reasons pancreatic cancer (PC) is difficult to treat are high tissue fibrosis and a strong immunosuppressive microenvironment. Therefore, it is necessary to elucidate the cause and mechanism of tumour immunosuppressive microenvironment formation. High-mobility group Box 1 (HMGB1) is a highly conserved nuclear protein that is widely distributed in mammalian cells and plays an important role in tumours. However, the functions and mechanisms of HMGB1 in the PC tumour microenvironment remain controversial. Here, we report a novel role for HMGB1 in the formation of the PC immune microenvironment.
Methods
In this study, the HMGB1 expression level of samples was detected in PC patients and TCGA database. The relative expression of HMGB1 in serum and tissues was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Flow cytometry was used to detect the infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T cells in tumours from PC xenograft mouse models treated with HMGB1. Vascular density and cytokine expression levels in tumour tissues were measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC). HMGB1-associated differentially expressed genes from the GEPIA database were used to analyse GO terms and KEGG pathways. Subsequently, the expression of related proteins was detected by Western blotting.
Results
The expression level of HMGB1 was higher in PC tumours than in normal tissues. High levels of HMGB1 predict poor overall survival in PC patients, suggesting its potential clinical significance in PC prognosis. The mouse model results show that HMGB1 significantly promotes tumour growth. We further found that CD69+CD8+ T cells were markedly decreased in HMGB1-treated mice. Furthermore, after treatment with HMGB1, the infiltration of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) into tumour tissues was increased. The IHC results showed that HMGB1 promoted the expression of intracellular inflammatory factors and neovascularization. Mechanistically, the results indicated that HMGB1 significantly enhanced the expression of CXCL2 chemokines that attract MDSCs to tumours. HMGB1 upregulates CXCL2 expression through the MAPK pathway.
Conclusion
In conclusion, HMGB1 plays an unexpected role in cancer metastasis by promoting microvessel formation and cytokine CXCL2 expression mediated by the MAPK pathway to recruit MDSC aggregation, which in turn creates an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Thus, HMGB1 may be an important mediator and a potential therapeutic target for regulating PC progression.
An investigation into the Digital Financial Literacy of employed individuals in rural India: A case study focusing on Mayurbhanj district.
Authors: Mohakud Menka , Biswal Santosh Kumar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective: The present study analyzed the level of digital financial literacy of salaried persons working in Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. It was also aimed to explore online threat experience, benefits of digital transaction and barriers of digital payments.
Methodology: Digital financial literacy was measured using three basic factors: knowledge and usage of digital financial services, awareness of digital financial risk and self-protection. For measurement of digital financial literacy 120 samples were selected using purposive sampling method and data were collected using structured questionnaire. Out of the collected data, 16 filled up questionnaires were rejected due to insufficient information and 104 valid responses were used for the analysis. The data were analyzed using SPSS.
Results: Through the survey, it was found out that only 21.2 percent respondents have high digital financial literacy level where as 27.9 percent respondents have average digital financial literacy and 51 percent respondents have low level of digital financial literacy. During the survey it was also found out that 10.6 percent respondents have been victim of digital financial frauds and phishing scam is common among other scams with 19.2 percent.
Conclusion: Digital financial literacy is one of the very basic skills which is required to be acquired by everyone in this digital era. 94.2 percent of the respondents have received scam messages out. Salaried persons having constant income and bank account with regular transactions can be easy target of the scammers.
Cellulosic Materials from Cigarette Butts for Additive Manufacturing
Authors: D’Urso Flavia , Giordano Michele , Oliviero Maria , Iaccarino Paolo , Maio Ernesto Di , Sansone Lucia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this work we describe the recovery of cellulose acetate (r-CA) polymer from waste cigarette butts (CBs) and subsequent conversion into feedstock for 3D printing technology. The extraction process for CBs includes two stages: initial washes in water, followed by additional washes in ethanol. A final step involves a dissolution and reprecipitation process, resulting in the creation of a fine powder. The recovery polymer has been analysed and compared to commercial cellulose acetate (p-CA) and unsmoked cigarette filter (u-CA) to assess its purity and examine alterations in its physicochemical properties. The CA powder has been also plasticized with different biocompatible plasticizers to improve the CA mechanical properties. We analysed the rheological properties to identify the suitable composition as feedstock for 3D printing.
Benefit finding profiles and comparison of caregiving ability among informal caregivers of patients with lung cancer: A latent profile analysis
Authors: Lin Xiaoyuan , Chen Ziqing , Zhao Qi , Zhou Xiaozhou 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to explore the benefit finding (BF) profiles among informal caregivers of patients with lung cancer, identify demographic and disease characteristics, and analyze differences in caregiving ability between profiles.
Methods
This cross-sectional study selected 272 informal caregivers of patients with lung cancer. The caregiving ability and BF were measured through self-report scale, respectively. Data analysis was mainly performed using Latent Profile Analysis and multivariate logistic regression.
Results
(a) BF can be divided into three profiles: “high benefit–family and personal growth” (Profile 1, 7.7%), “moderate benefit–unclear perception” (Profile 2, 44.9%), and “low benefit–coping ability deficient” (Profile 3, 47.4%). (b) Having a co-caregiver and a disease duration of 6–12 months were more likely to belong to profile 1; caregivers of patients aged 40–60 years tended to belong to profile 2; caregivers of older patients with disease duration > 12 months and clinical stage II or III were more likely to belong to profile 3. (c) There were significant differences in the total score of caregiving ability and the scores of each dimension among the different BF profiles (p < 0.001), and the caregiving abilities of profile 1 and profile 2 were higher than profile 3.
Conclusion
There was heterogeneity in BF among informal caregivers of patients with lung cancer. Healthcare professionals can identify the key profiles of lung cancer caregivers based on characteristics such as age, clinical stage, disease duration, and co-caregiver status and enhance their caregiving ability through targeted nursing guidance.
Risk of respiratory and urinary tract infections in patients treated with docetaxel compared with afatinib: A retrospective cohort study based on an administrative claims database
Authors: Inose Ryo , Goto Ryota , Hosogi Shigekuni , Ashihara Eishi , MURAKI Yuichi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
The relative incidence of infection in patients treated with cytotoxic anticancer drugs and molecular targeted drugs is unclear.
Aim
To compare the incidence of respiratory and urinary tract infections in patients treated for lung cancer with docetaxel versus afatinib.
Method
Data on patients who received docetaxel or afatinib between 2010 and 2019 were obtained from an administrative claims database. After propensity score matching, the incidence of respiratory and urinary tract infections in the docetaxel and afatinib groups were compared. Factors associated with respiratory and urinary tract infections were evaluated using multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis.
Results
After propensity score matching, 855 patients were included in each group. The incidence of respiratory infections was significantly higher in the docetaxel group than in the afatinib group (22.6% [193/855] vs. 13.9% [119/855]; p < 0.01). The incidence of urinary tract infections did not differ significantly by group. Docetaxel was independently associated with a significantly increased risk of respiratory infections (adjusted odds ratio: 1.68, 95% confidence interval: 1.23–2.29), but not urinary tract infections.
Conclusion
Patients receiving docetaxel for lung cancer have an increased risk of developing respiratory infections. Further basic research is required to elucidate the mechanism underlying this increased risk.
Evaluating Space Time Cluster and Co-occurrence of Malaria Vectors of West Bengal in India
Authors: Maiti Meghna , Roy Utpal 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Malaria, a prominent Vector Borne Diseases (VBDs) causing over a million annual deaths worldwide, predominantly affects vulnerable populations in the least developed regions. Despite their preventable and treatable nature, malaria remains a global public health concern. In the last decade, India has faced a significant decline in malaria morbidity and mortality. As India pledged to eliminate malaria by 2030, this study examined a decade of surveillance data to uncover space-time clustering and seasonal trends of Plasmodium vivax and falciparum malaria vectors in West Bengal.
Methods
Seasonal and Trend decomposition using Loess (STL) was applied to detect seasonal trend and anomaly of the time series. Univariate and multivariate space-time cluster analysis of both vectors was performed at block level using Kulldorff's space-time scan statistics from April 2011 to March 2021 to detect statistically significant space-time clusters.
Results
From the time series decomposition, a clear seasonal pattern is visible for both vectors. Statistical analysis indicated considerable high-risk P. vivax clusters, particularly in the northern, central, and lower Gangetic areas. Whereas, P. falciparum was concentrated in the western region with a significant recent transmission towards the lower Gangetic plan. From the multivariate space-time scan statistics, the co-occurrence of both vectors was detected with four significant clusters, which signifies the regions experiencing a greater burden of malaria vectors.
Conclusions
This non-random distribution underscores the urgency for dynamic monitoring and targeted interventions. Significant geographical and spatiotemporal heterogeneity was evident for both malaria vectors, emphasizing the need for tailored approaches. Identifying co-occurring clusters offers crucial insights into disease risk, paving the way for focused control initiatives. Addressing the drivers of malaria transmission in these diverse clusters demands regional cooperation and strategic strategies, crucial steps towards overcoming the final obstacles in malaria eradication.