bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival Benefit and Cost Effectiveness of a Future Blood‐Based Diagnostic Test to Detect Cerebral Aneurysm Formation
Authors: Mittal Aditya M. , Nowicki Kamil W. , Dembinski Robert , Alattar Ali , McDowell Michael M. , Lang Michael P. , Gross Bradley A. , Friedlander Robert M. 
Published: November 2023

Background
Cerebral aneurysms are common, but there is no blood test for their diagnosis. Cerebral aneurysms are diagnosed incidentally or upon rupture. Current diagnostic tools either are invasive or place a large financial burden on the patient. Introduction of a blood test can reduce costs and allow for additional screening.

Methods
Markov decision analytic models were created for different case studies to simulate management within the US health care system. The model was run over 50 cycle‐years. Probabilities, costs, and outcomes were obtained from the literature and the National Inpatient Sample database. Quality‐adjusted life years were used to assess outcomes. Subgroup analysis was performed for different risk factors, patient groups, aneurysm size, and family members.

Results
A blood‐based diagnostic pathway is more cost effective in patients undergoing watchful waiting and as a screening tool in patients who may be at a higher risk. There was a 3‐fold reduction in death compared with the standard of care (15.71% versus 53.10%). The cost of using a blood test per additional quality‐adjusted life year gained was $34 515.13 among the watchful‐waiting cohort. The threshold price was $3951. Among patients with 1 family member with an aneurysm, we observed a 10‐fold reduction in death compared with the standard of care (0.21% versus 2.35%), with a threshold at $845.77. Among patients who smoke, we observed a 10‐fold reduction in death compared with the standard of care (0.27% versus 3.30%) with a threshold at $1054.24. Among patients with 2 family members with an aneurysm, there was a 10‐fold reduction in death compared with the standard of care (0.48% versus 5.85%) with a threshold at $1876.46.

Conclusion
Introduction of a blood‐based test for cerebral aneurysms would have a lifesaving effect within the US health care system while remaining cost effective.
Environmentality: A Phenomenology of Generative Space in Husserl
Authors: DuFour Tao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article explores aspects of the theory of the constitution of space in the work of Edmund Husserl that appear in his late, posthumously published writings on the themes of intersubjectivity and generativity, which the article proposes imply a theory of environmental experience. It identifies and examines Husserl’s use of the locution Umweltlichkeit as it appears in these late works, proposing a rendering of this term as environmentality. This concept, the article argues, functions operatively in Husserl’s late work, indicating a relationship between his descriptions of the lived bodily constitution of spatiality and his conception of the spatio-environmental nature of the intersubjective and historical becoming of human community. In this way, the article proposes that through the concept of environmentality, Husserl articulates a phenomenological conception of the generativity of space.
State Obligation in the East China Sea: Unilateral Activities and Countermeasures
Authors: Ni Tingting , Choi Junghwan , Qi Jiancuo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Maritime disputes among the East Asian States have garnered increasing attention worldwide with expanding offshore activities in the East China Sea. To avoid confrontation and potential conflict, unilateral maritime claims in the East China Sea usually have been non-explicit. While maritime boundary disputes remain unresolved in the region, changes have taken place because of resource shortages, the rise in military assertiveness from Tokyo, and increased alliances with the United States. This article explores the limits of unilateral activities within the disputed maritime area under current international law and how East Asian States should behave when they encounter unilateral activities conducted by other States, including analysis on sovereign entitlement and the limits of unilateral activities in the region. A code of conduct among the East Asian States is needed to ensure peace and prosperity in the region.
“Thanks for Getting Me in Touch with Local Politicians!”
Authors: Santarromana Emmanuel , 王 思萌 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article focuses on the political engagement and professionalization of French youth of Chinese origin through a case study of the Association of Young Chinese in France (Association des Jeunes Chinois de France, AJCF), acting as a springboard toward political professionalization. It relies on several qualitative studies recently carried out in the Paris region, with French associative and political actors of Chinese origin. After analyzing the raising of awareness regarding anti-Asian racism as a key factor in the political socialization and engagement of French Chinese youth, the article shows that being a leading member of the AJCF allows one to build a social network of contacts among political actors and affirms that this acquired political capital is one of the catalysts for being identified and recruited by political authorities at the local level, as a step toward the development of an electoral career.
The Refugee-Migrant Distinction and the Need for Bridging Analytical Divides in the Historiography
Authors: Langrognet Fabrice 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This epistemological article discusses the existing and potential historiographic connections between the history of refugees and migration history, which are increasingly regarded as two separate fields of knowledge. It focuses on how this dialogue could help scholars overcome the analytical divisions between migrants and refugees through decentred and self-reflexive approaches. By drawing on the overlooked familiarity of migration historiography with refugees and on its robust experience with deconstructionist challenges, historians have all the tools to historicise ‘refugee-ing’ processes instead of essentialising the ‘refugee experience’ and reinforcing unwarranted epistemic separations. In crafting new analytical models to this effect, historians will have to reckon with the colonial genealogy of contemporary refugee-making.
Hosting Biafran Child Refugees: the Inter-African Refugee and International Humanitarian Network System During the Nigerian Civil War, 1967 and Beyond
Authors: Ekefre Edidiong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Nigerian civil war (1967–1970) was one of the post-independence conflicts in Africa that called for the separation of children from their mothers for treatment and rehabilitation outside their home country. Using archival data, the article investigates the workability of the inter-African Refugee Network System and international humanitarian organisations in the evacuation of Biafran children for recuperation and rehabilitation. The article argues that it was through a collaborative network involving the Catholic Church, the World Council of Churches and the International Committee of the Red Cross, that thousands of Biafran children were transported to other African countries such as Gabon, the Ivory Coast and the Island of Sao Tomé for treatment. It concludes that such a collaboration goes a long way to prove that Africans do not just feed the Global North with refugees but can host their own refugees, though not without the help of international humanitarian organisations.
Zengaku: The Foundations of Modern Zen Scholarship, a Preliminary Survey
Authors: Jorgensen John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Zengaku 禪學, the scholarly study of Zen, is a prime reason why the Japanese pronunciation ‘Zen’ is used in European languages as an omnibus term for Chinese Chan, Korean Seon (alt. Sŏn), Vietnamese Thiền, and Japanese Zen. Zengaku, the philological and historical study of Zen was chiefly developed in Japan and came to prominence just as Japan was opening to the West. These Zen proponents promoted Zen to the West as essentially Japanese, largely ignoring Chan, Seon, and Thiền. Within East Asia, the works of Zengaku scholars pioneered the academic or scholarly study of Zen, Chan, and Seon. Zengaku scholars produced the first dictionaries of Zen, the earliest histories, bibliographical studies and text editions. Their works became the basis for Chanxue and Seonhak.
This essay examines the scholarship that modernised Zen and brought it to the attention of the modern world under the name Zengaku. It will examine the condition and status of Zen in East Asia from the 1870s to 1920s and then the knowledge available to non-East Asian audiences in the same period. Following this, it will describe the promotion of Zen to the West and a modern Japanese audience by Zengaku scholars. Lastly, it will examine the precursors of Zengaku, especially the work of Mujaku Dōchū 無着道忠 (1653–1745). It concludes that Zengaku was the basis for the development of Chanxue and Seonhak, in the sense of a modernized study of Chan and Seon that is partly informed by Western and international notions of religion, philosophy, science, psychology, and historical method.
An individualized Bayesian method for estimating genomic variants of hypertension
Authors: Rahman Md Asad , Cai Chunhui , Bo Na , McNamara Dennis M. , Ding Ying , Cooper Gregory F. , Lu Xinghua , Liu Jinling 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundGenomic variants of the disease are often discovered nowadays through population-based genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Identifying genomic variations potentially underlying a phenotype, such as hypertension, in an individual is important for designing personalized treatment; however, population-level models, such as GWAS, may not capture all the important, individualized factors well. In addition, GWAS typically requires a large sample size to detect the association of low-frequency genomic variants with sufficient power. Here, we report an individualized Bayesian inference (IBI) algorithm for estimating the genomic variants that influence complex traits, such as hypertension, at the level of an individual (e.g., a patient). By modeling at the level of the individual, IBI seeks to find genomic variants observed in the individual’s genome that provide a strong explanation of the phenotype observed in this individual.ResultsWe applied the IBI algorithm to the data from the Framingham Heart Study to explore the genomic influences of hypertension. Among the top-ranking variants identified by IBI and GWAS, there is a significant number of shared variants (intersection); the unique variants identified only by IBI tend to have relatively lower minor allele frequency than those identified by GWAS. In addition, IBI discovered more individualized and diverse variants that explain hypertension patients better than GWAS. Furthermore, IBI found several well-known low-frequency variants as well as genes related to blood pressure that GWAS missed in the same cohort. Finally, IBI identified top-ranked variants that predicted hypertension better than GWAS, according to the area under the ROC curve.ConclusionsThe results support IBI as a promising approach for complementing GWAS, especially in detecting low-frequency genomic variants as well as learning personalized genomic variants of clinical traits and disease, such as the complex trait of hypertension, to help advance precision medicine.
Performance of synacthen test in chronic hemodialysis patients
Authors: Nickler Manuela , Stampf Susanne , Bernasconi Luca , Segerer Stephan , Blum Claudine A. , Kim Min Jeong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Adrenal function tests (Synacthen test) in chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients are currently performed off dialysis. The study aimed to demonstrate equivalence of serum cortisol concentrations pre- and during HD, each for standard-dose (250 µg) and low-dose (1 µg) Synacthen test.

Methods
In a single-center cross-over diagnostic equivalence study, Synacthen tests were performed in four settings, in standard- and low-dose as well as pre- and during HD. Serum cortisol concentration was measured at 30 and 60 min after Synacthen administration, and additionally at 20 min in low dose test. Based on a multivariable linear mixed model the means of cortisol concentration on log-scale were estimated in each dose and test time combination. Differences in means were calculated and the TOST approach was applied to test for equivalence. Equivalence was proven if the 90% confidence interval of the difference of two cortisol means was entirely between − 0.22 and 0.22.

Results
In 28 chronic HD patients, serum cortisol concentrations at 30 and 60 min after Synacthen administration in both standard- and low-dose were shown to be equivalent pre- and during HD. In 10 of 56 low-dose tests, the cortisol peak was already reached after 20 min. However, cortisol concentrations at 20 and 30 min after low-dose Synacthen test pre- and during HD showed no significant difference.

Conclusion
These results suggest that the adrenal function test may be carried out during an ongoing HD session, leading to a more patient-friendly performance of the test, less organizational effort and potentially earlier diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency.
The effectiveness of a telephone smoking cessation program in mental health clinic patients by level of mental well-being and functioning: a secondary data analysis of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Swong Sarah , Nicholson Andrew , Smelson David , Rogers Erin S. , El-Shahawy Omar , Sherman Scott E. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Few studies have examined the effectiveness of telephone smoking cessation interventions by severity of behavioral health symptoms. Using data from a telephone counseling study, we examined whether abstinence rates varied by level of behavioral health symptoms.

Methods
The parent study recruited adults who smoke cigarettes (N = 577) referred by mental health providers at six Veterans Health Administration facilities. Participants were randomized to specialized telephone counseling (intervention) or state Quitline referral (control). Participants completed assessments at baseline and 6 months, including the BASIS-24, a self-report measure of behavioral health symptoms and functioning. We used the BASIS-24 median to dichotomize participants as having high or low scores. The primary outcome was 30-day self-reported abstinence at 6 months. We compared groups on outcomes by logistic regression and performed an interaction effect analysis between treatment assignment and groups.

Results
At baseline, those with high behavioral health symptoms scores reported heavier nicotine dependence and more sedative and/or antidepressant use, compared to participants with low behavioral health symptoms. At 6 months, participants with low behavioral health symptoms scores in the intervention reported higher rates of 30-day abstinence compared to those in the control arm (26% vs 13%, OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.8, 2.9). People with high behavioral health symptoms scores reported no difference in 30-day abstinence between the treatment assignments at 6 months (12% vs. 13%, OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.6, 2.0).

Conclusions
Only participants with low behavioral health symptoms scores reported higher abstinence rates in the intervention compared to the state Quitline. Future research can examine alternative approaches for people with worse mental well-being and functioning.

Trial registration
The parent study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT00724308.
A novel technique to harvest bone autografts with mild local hyperthermia and enhanced osteogenic bone quality: a preclinical study in dogs
Authors: Zhou Tengfei , Gan Zekun , Zhang Hanfei , Liu Ziyi , Pu Yiping , Rong Mingdeng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) involves collecting bone autografts with high bio-quality and efficiency. The current non-irrigated low-speed drilling has been limited for broader application in bone autograft harvest due to its low efficiency, inability to conduct buccal cortical perforation, and dependence on simultaneous implant placement. Increasing the drilling speed helps improve the efficiency but may incur thermal-mechanical bone damage. Most studies have addressed thermal reactions during bone drilling on non-vital models, which is irrelevant to clinical scenarios. Little has been known about bone’s in vivo thermal profiles under non-irrigated higher-speed drilling and its influences on the resulting bone chips.

Aim
A novel technique for bone harvest and cortical perforation via in-situ non-irrigated higher-speed drilling was proposed and investigated for the first time.

Methods
The third mandible premolars of eight beagles were extracted and healed for three months. Sixteen partial edentulous sites (left and right) were randomized into four groups for bone autograft harvest without irrigation: chisel, 50 rpm drilling, 500 rpm drilling, and 1000 rpm drilling. Bone chips were harvested on the buccal plates of the missing tooth. An infrared camera and an implantable thermocouple collaboratively monitored in vivo real-time bone temperature at the drilling sites. In vitro performances of cells from bone chips, including cell number, viability, proliferation, migration, ALP activity, in vitro mineralization, mRNA transcriptional level of osteogenic genes and heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70), and HSP-70 expression at the protein level were also studied.

Results
500 rpm produced mild local hyperthermia with a 2–6 °C temperature rise both on the cortical surface and inside the cortical bone. It also held comparable or enhanced cell performances such as cell number, viability, proliferation, migration, ALP activity, in vitro mineralization, and osteogenic genes expression.

Conclusions
In-situ non-irrigated higher-speed drilling at 500 rpm using a screw drill is versatile, efficient, and thermal friendly and improves the bio-quality of bone chips. Our novel technique holds clinical translational potential in GBR application.
The power to help or harm: student perceptions of transgender health education using a qualitative approach
Authors: Linsenmeyer Whitney , Heiden-Rootes Katie , Drallmeier Theresa , Rahman Rabia , Buxbaum Emily , Walcott Katherine , Rosen Willow , Gombos Beth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Lack of transgender health education among health professional education programs is a limitation to providing gender-affirming care. Educational interventions have advanced in the past decade using a variety of pedagogical approaches. Although evidence supports that educational interventions can significantly improve student knowledge, comfort levels, preparedness, and clinical skills, few studies have addressed student perceptions of or receptiveness towards transgender health education. The study purpose was to explore student perceptions of transgender health education using a qualitative approach.

Methods
We utilized a basic qualitative design to explore student perceptions of transgender health education at a Catholic, Jesuit institution. Participants were medical students (n = 182), medical family therapy students (n = 8), speech, language and hearing sciences students (n = 44), and dietetic interns (n = 30) who participated in an Interprofessional Transgender Health Education Day (ITHED) in partnership with transgender educators and activists. Participants completed an online discussion assignment using eight discussion prompts specific to the ITHED sessions. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative method and triangulated across four medical and allied health programs.

Results
A total of 263 participants provided 362 responses across eight discussion prompts. Three major themes resulted: (1) The Power to Help or Harm, (2) The Responsibility to Provide Health Care, and (3) A Posture of Humility: Listen and Learn. Each theme was supported by three to four subthemes.

Conclusions
Health professional students were highly receptive towards transgender health education delivered by transgender community members. First-person accounts from session facilitators of both positive and negative experiences in healthcare were particularly effective at illustrating the power of providers to help or harm transgender patients. Reflection and constructive dialogue offers students an opportunity to better understand the lived experiences of transgender patients and explore their identities as healthcare providers at the intersection of their religious and cultural beliefs.
Rural general practitioners have different personal and professional trajectories from those of their urban colleagues: a case-control study
Authors: Nedelec Perrine , Beviere Laurélie , Chapron Anthony , Esvan Maxime , Poimboeuf Julien 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
In France, rural general practitioner (GP) numbers could reduce by 20% between 2006 and 2030 if no measures are taken to address primary care access difficulties. In countries such as Australia, the USA and Canada, intrinsic and extrinsic factors associated with GPs practising in rural areas include rural upbringing and rural training placements. However, the health systems and rural area definition differ between these countries and France making result extrapolation difficult. These factors must be studied in the context of the French heath system, to design strategies to improve rural GP recruitment and retention. This study aims to identify the intrinsic and extrinsic factors associated with GPs practising in rural areas in France.

Methods
This case–control study was conducted between May and September 2020. Included GPs practised in Brittany, France, and completed a self-administered questionnaire. The cases were rural GPs and controls were urban GPs. National references defined rural and urban areas. Comparisons between rural and urban groups were conducted using univariate and multivariate analyses to identify factors associated with practising in a rural area.

Results
The study included 341 GPs, of which 146 were in the rural group and 195 in the urban group. Working as a rural GP was significantly associated with having a rural upbringing (OR = 2.35; 95% CI [1.07–5.15]; p = 0.032), completing at least one undergraduate general medicine training placement in a rural area (OR = 3.44; 95% CI [1.18–9.98]; p < 0.023), and having worked as a locum in a rural area for at least three months (OR = 3.76; 95% CI [2.28–6.18]; p < 0.001). Choosing to work in a rural area was also associated with the place of residence at the end of postgraduate training (OR = 5.13; 95% CI [1.38–19.06]; p = 0.015) and with the spouse or partner having a rural upbringing (OR = 2.36; 95% CI [1.12–4.96]; p = 0.023) or working in a rural area (OR = 5.29; 95% CI [2,02–13.87]; p < 0.001).

Conclusions
French rural GPs were more likely to have grown up, trained, or worked as a locum in a rural area. Strategies to improve rural GP retention and recruitment in France could therefore include making rural areas a more attractive place to live and work, encouraging rural locum placements and compulsory rural training, and possibly enrolling more medical students with a rural background.