bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Beta Thalassemia Trait in Pregnancy
Authors: Roy Marlina , Robbani Md Golam , Karim Rahnuma , Hasan Nasrin 
Published: January 2024

A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted to determine the effects of beta thalassemia trait in pregnancy. A total of 150 pregnant women diagnosed with beta thalassemia trait in Bangladesh Navy Ship (BNS) Patenga Hospital, at Chattogram, Bangladesh, having regular antenatal care and delivery, between January and December of 2022, were included in the study. Thalassemia status was diagnosed by Hb-electrophoresis. Most of the patients belonged to the age group 19-35 years. 30.46% of women had normal hematocrit level. During pregnancy women suffered from severe anemia (14%) and mild anemia (55.33%) (P<0.001). Blood transfusion needed during 1st trimester (1.3%), 2nd trimester (4.6%), 3rd trimester (8%) and at postpartum period (9.3%) (P>0.05). Most of the women (76.66%) delivered babies at her 36-39 weeks of gestational age,18.67% delivered at or after 40 weeks of gestation and 4.67% delivered baby before 36 weeks (P<0.05). 66.67% had normal vaginal delivery, while 33.33% underwent Caesarean section operation due to several complications. Observed obstetric complications were: pregnancy induced hypertension (6.6%), gestational diabetes (4%), oligohydramnios (11.33%, premature rupture membrane (3.3%), preterm labor (8.66%), and placental abruption (1.33%). Adverse fetal outcomes observed were: prematurity (4.6%), intrauterine growth retardation (5.33%), still birth (0.6%), and fetal asphyxia (3.33%). Neonatal admission at NICU was needed in 2(1.33%) cases.
CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 77-82
Community Based Medical Education: What, Why and How?
Authors: Nurunnabi Abu Sadat Mohammad , Hasan Mahmud Javed , Quddush ASM Ruhul , Jahan Shahanaz , Kaiser Amir Mohammad , Afrose Tanzina , Parveen Shamima 
Published: January 2024

Community based medical education has several definitions, but the core definition refers to learning that takes place is need based and in a community setting. Hence, community based medical education refers to medical education in which trainees learn and acquire professional competencies in a community setting based on the need of the community. This concept encourages medical colleges to produce not just highly competent professionals, but professionals who are equipped to respond to the changing challenges of healthcare through re-orientation of their education, research, and service commitments, and be capable of demonstrating a positive effect upon the communities they serve. Such social accountability of a healthcare cum academic institution demonstrates an impact on the communities served and thus, contribute to achieve a just and efficient healthcare service through mutually beneficial partnerships with other stakeholders. Community based medical education can make a difference in the country’s health sector by supporting a community based healthcare delivery system within the concept of National Health Policy and thus, contribute to the overall national efforts in achieving meaningful, self-sustaining quality of life and environment. Besides, it helps bring about change in current educational trait by imposing need-based, flexible academic strategies specific to the rural community and quality of the medical doctors by grooming them as empathetically responsive and active towards patients, professionally competent and ethically sound persons of the society.
CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 119-129
HUBUNGAN MEDIA SOSIAL TIKTOK TERHADAP TINGKAT LITERASI DIGITAL PADA PENGGUNA TIKTOK GENERASI Z DI DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Adi Prakoso Ario , Nur Asifa Fitria , Wicaksono Hendra , Maulana Aya Yahya 
Published: January 2024

Pendahuluan. Tik Tok yang sedang trend saat ini dengan konten yang menarik dan waktu yang cukup singkat memberikan ketertarikan bagi penggunanya. Gen Z paling banyak menggunakan Tik Tok, karena durasi Tik Tok yang cukup singkat pengguna yang tidak memiliki kemampuan literasi digital akan menelan informasi yang tidak fakta, dan DKI menjadi urutan ke 4 yang paling banyak penyangan di Tik Tok, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dua variabel dan mengetahui seberapa besar tingkat literasi digital pada Gen Z di DKI jakarta.
Metode Penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitaif korelasional pendekatan deskriptif dan asosiatif. Serta diukur menggunakan konsep dari japelidi.
Hasil dan Pembahasan. Hasilnya menunjukan kedua variabel terdapat hubungan dengan pearson correlation 0,689 yang artinya kuat dan positif dan tingkat literasi digital pengguna Tik Tok Gen Z di DKI Jakarta yaitu tingkat fungction consuming sekitar 85.56%, fungction prosuming sekitar 74,87% critical consuming 72.63%, critcal prosuming sekitar 60.38% dan rata-rata pengguna Tik Tok Gen Z di DKI Jakarta berada di tingkat critical consuming dengan presentase nya sebesar 75.80% dapat dikatakan pengguna Tik Tok Gen Z di DKI Jakarta (sedang-tinggi)
Kesimpulan. Dari penelitian tersebut maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa Generasi Z yang berada di DKI Jakarta memiliki hubungan media social Tik Tok terhadap tingkat literasi digital.
Does diabetes mellitus affect guided bone regeneration outcomes in individuals undergoing dental implants? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Oliveira Leandro Machado , Zanatta Fabricio Batistin , Antoniazzi Raquel Pippi , Miguez Patrícia Almeida 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesThis systematic review aimed to verify if diabetes affects vertical and horizontal ridge augmentation in individuals undergoing dental implant treatment with guided bone regeneration (GBR).MethodsFive databases were systematically screened up to September 2023, according to predefined eligibility criteria. The methodological risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool, and GRADE was used to evaluate the certainty of evidence. Random-effects pairwise meta-analyses were used to compare changes in vertical (height) and horizontal (width) alveolar bone dimensions between individuals exposed and unexposed to diabetes, through standardized mean differences (SMDs).ResultsThree non-randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria, all of which showed a serious risk of bias. The results showed, with overall very low certainty on evidence, that individuals with diabetes did not exhibit a significant difference in horizontal (SMD = −0.41, 95% CI: −0.92–0.10) and vertical (SMD = 0.06, 95% CI: −0.43–0.56) ridge augmentation compared to the those without diabetes.ConclusionsThe available evidence, albeit of very low certainty, suggests that diabetic individuals with moderate or good glycemic control undergoing dental implants and GBR show comparable horizontal and vertical bone gains to their unexposed counterparts.
Systematic Review Registrationhttps://osf.io/bpx3t.
Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes: phenotype as a tool for early diagnostic suspicion at a major reference center in Mexico
Authors: Leal-Anaya Paula , Kimball Tamara N. , Yanez-Felix Ana Lucia , Fiesco-Roa Moisés Ó. , García-de Teresa Benilde , Monsiváis Angélica , Juárez-Velázquez Rocío , Lieberman Esther , Villarroel Camilo , Yokoyama Emiy , Fernández-Hernández Liliana , Rivera-Osorio Anet , Sosa David , Ortiz Sandoval Maria Magdalena , López-Santiago Norma , Frías Sara , Castillo Victoria del , Rodríguez Alfredo 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFSs) are a group of rare disorders characterized by bone marrow failure (BMF), physical abnormalities, and an increased risk of neoplasia. The National Institute of Pediatrics (INP) is a major medical institution in Mexico, where patients with BMF receive a complete approach that includes paraclinical tests. Readily recognizable features, such as the hematological and distinctive physical phenotypes, identified by clinical dysmorphologists, remain crucial for the diagnosis and management of these patients, particularly in circumstances where next-generation sequencing (NGS) is not easily available. Here, we describe a group of Mexican patients with a high clinical suspicion of an IBMFS.Methods: We performed a systematic retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients who had a high IBMFS suspicion at our institution from January 2018 to July 2021. An initial assessment included first ruling out acquired causes of BMF by the Hematology Department and referral of the patient to the Department of Human Genetics for physical examination to search for specific phenotypes suggesting an IBMFS. Patients with high suspicion of having an IBMFS were classified into two main groups: 1) specific IBMFS, including dyskeratosis congenita (DC), Diamond–Blackfan anemia (DBA), Shwachman–Diamond syndrome (SDS), thrombocytopenia with absent radii (TAR), and severe congenital neutropenia (SCN); 2) undefined IBMFS (UI).Results: We established a high suspicion of having an IBMFS in 48 patients. At initial evaluation, the most common hematologic features were bicytopenia (20%) and aplastic anemia (16%); three patients received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Among patients with a suspicion of an IBMFS, the most common physical abnormality was minor craniofacial features in 83% of patients and neurodevelopmental disorders in 52%. The specific suspicions that we built were DBA (31%), SDS (18%), DC (14%), TAR (4%), and SCN (4%), whereas 27% of cases remained as undefined IBMFS. SDS, TAR, and SCN were more commonly suspected at an earlier age (&lt;1 year), followed by DBA (2 years) and DC (5 years).Conclusions: Thorough examination of reported clinical data allowed us to highly suspect a specific IBMFS in approximately 70% of patients; however, an important number of patients remained with suspicion of an undefined IBMFS. Implementation of NGS and telomere length measurement are forthcoming measures to improve IBMFS diagnosis in Mexico.
Clinical benefit analysis of PD-1 inhibitors in patients with advanced, recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Wang Yun-zi , Wang Ji-sheng , Du Jiang , Tang Xue-li , Xiao Jing-ping 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThis study aims to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) in patients with advanced, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer (ARMCC) and identify the population that may benefit the most.MethodsWe conducted a search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Collaboration Library from their inception to September 2023. We extracted and analyzed the results related to the efficacy and safety of PD-1 in patients with ARMCC. The primary endpoints included the overall objective response rate (ORR) and adverse events (AEs), while the secondary endpoints encompassed the 1-year overall survival (OS) rate, 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate, as well as OS and PFS. We used a random effects model to conduct a meta-analysis on single-group rates, and the Mantel-Haenszel method was utilized to compare the ORR and the incidence of AEs.ResultsOur study included a total of 21 trials involving 2,097 patients. The ORR of the combination of PD-1 inhibitors with chemotherapy was 56.36%, the combination of PD-1 inhibitors with anti-angiogenic agents was 38.72%, the combination of PD-1 inhibitors with Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 inhibitors was 25.60%, and PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy was 15.99%. The subgroup analysis showed that the group of patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) exhibited a significantly higher ORR compared to the non-SCC group in patients who received PD-1 inhibitors combined with other anti-tumor drugs (Odds Ratio =2.43, P=0.002). Additionally, the group of patients with a programmed death-ligand 1 combined positive score (PD-L1 CPS) ≥1 exhibited a significantly higher ORR compared to the PD-L1 CPS &lt;1 group in patients who received PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy (OR=4.14, P=0.02). PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy or PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy did not significantly increase the incidence of all grades of adverse events (Relative Risk=0.99, p=0.788) or the incidence of serious adverse events (RR=0.99, p=0.788) compared to chemotherapy alone.ConclusionPD-1 inhibitors demonstrate outstanding efficacy in the treatment of patients with ARMCC. Patients with SCC may benefit more from treatments including PD-1 inhibitors in combination with other anti-tumor drugs, and PD-L1 CPS ≥1 can be considered a favorable indicator of immune therapy response. Importantly, the use of PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy or PD-1 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy did not lead to an increased incidence of AEs compared with chemotherapy alone, indicting safety during treatment.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO (CRD42023457945).
Research on the antibacterial mechanism of medical nanosilver latex composite materials
Authors: Meng Zhuang , Fan Bin , Yan Pengyu , Liu Chun 
Published: January 2024

Objective: This study investigates the antibacterial mechanisms of medical nanosilver latex materials by conducting antibacterial experiments on nanosilver latex, observing the morphological changes in Escherichia coli after co-cultivation with nanosilver, and detecting variations in nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, protein, and DNA fragment content. The aim is to provide a theoretical foundation for the application of antibacterial materials in medical settings.Methods: To prepare the composite latex film, nanosilver was combined with natural latex. The antibacterial efficacy of nanosilver latex were assessed using co-cultivation and colony counting methods. Electron microscopy facilitated the observation of Escherichia coli post co-cultivation with nanosilver, and subsequent changes in nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, protein, and DNA fragment content were measured.Results: The composite film of nanosilver latex demonstrated antibacterial properties, which were proportional to its concentration and inversely proportional to the particle size. Exposure to nanosilver resulted in bacterial cell membranes, leading to increased levels of nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, protein, and DNA content within bacteria.Conclusion: Nanosilver particles, especially those of 10 nm, were found to be most effective in antibacterial activity. The antibacterial effects were primarily due to the disruption of bacterial cell membranes and walls, altering intra and extracellular osmotic pressure, inducing lipid peroxidation of bacterial cell membranes, triggering of oxidative stress, and damage to DNA.
Recombinant Newcastle disease viruses expressing immunological checkpoint inhibitors induce a pro-inflammatory state and enhance tumor-specific immune responses in two murine models of cancer
Authors: Santry Lisa A. , van Vloten Jacob P. , AuYeung Amanda W. K. , Mould Robert C. , Yates Jacob G. E. , McAusland Thomas M. , Petrik James J. , Major Pierre P. , Bridle Byram W. , Wootton Sarah K. 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionTumor microenvironments are immunosuppressive due to progressive accumulation of mutations in cancer cells that can drive expression of a range of inhibitory ligands and cytokines, and recruitment of immunomodulatory cells, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), tumor-associated macrophages, and regulatory T cells (Tregs).MethodsTo reverse this immunosuppression, we engineered mesogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) to express immunological checkpoint inhibitors anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 and soluble programmed death protein-1.ResultsIntratumoral administration of recombinant NDV (rNDV) to mice bearing intradermal B16-F10 melanomas or subcutaneous CT26LacZ colon carcinomas led to significant changes in the tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte profiles. Vectorizing immunological checkpoint inhibitors in NDV increased activation of intratumoral natural killer cells and cytotoxic T cells and decreased Tregs and MDSCs, suggesting induction of a pro-inflammatory state with greater infiltration of activated CD8+ T cells. These notable changes translated to higher ratios of activated effector/suppressor tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in both cancer models, which is a promising prognostic marker. Whereas all rNDV-treated groups showed evidence of tumor regression and increased survival in the CT26LacZ and B16-F10, only treatment with NDV expressing immunological checkpoint blockades led to complete responses compared to tumors treated with NDV only.DiscussionThese data demonstrated that NDV expressing immunological checkpoint inhibitors could reverse the immunosuppressive state of tumor microenvironments and enhance tumor-specific T cell responses.
A randomized placebo−controlled clinical trial of oral green tea epigallocatechin 3−gallate on erythropoiesis and oxidative stress in transfusion−dependent β−thalassemia patients
Authors: Settakorn Kornvipa , Hantrakool Sasinee , Petiwathayakorn Touchwin , Hutachok Nuntouchaporn , Tantiworawit Adisak , Charoenkwan Pimlak , Chalortham Nopphadol , Chompupoung Anchan , Paradee Narisara , Koonyosying Pimpisid , Srichairatanakool Somdet 
Published: January 2024

β−Thalassemia patients suffer from ineffective erythropoiesis and increased red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis. Blood transfusion, erythropoietic enhancement, and antioxidant supplementation can ameliorate chronic anemia. Green tea extract (GTE) is comprised of catechin derivatives, of which epigallocatechin−3−gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant, presenting free−radical scavenging, iron−chelating, and erythropoiesis−protective effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of GTE tablets on the primary outcome of erythropoiesis and oxidative stress parameters in transfusion−dependent β−thalassemia (TDT) patients. Twenty−seven TDT patients were randomly divided into placebo and GTE tablet (50 and 100 mg EGCG equivalent) groups and assigned to consume the product once daily for 60 days. Blood was collected for analysis of hematological, biochemical, and oxidative stress parameters. Accordingly, consumption of GTE tablets improved blood hemoglobin levels when compared with the placebo; however, there were more responders to the GTE tablets. Interestingly, amounts of nonheme iron in RBC membranes tended to decrease in both GTE tablet groups when compared with the placebo. Importantly, consumption of GTE tablets lowered plasma levels of erythroferrone (p &lt; 0.05) and reduced bilirubin non−significantly and dose−independently. Thus, GTE tablets could improve RBC hemolysis and modulate erythropoiesis regulators in transfusion−dependent thalassemia patients.
Deep learning and machine learning predictive models for neurological function after interventional embolization of intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Peng Yan , Wang Yiren , Wen Zhongjian , Xiang Hongli , Guo Ling , Su Lei , He Yongcheng , Pang Haowen , Zhou Ping , Zhan Xiang 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to develop a model to predicts the postoperative Hunt-Hess grade in patients with intracranial aneurysms by integrating radiomics and deep learning technologies, using preoperative CTA imaging data. Thereby assisting clinical decision-making and improving the assessment and prognosis of postoperative neurological function.MethodsThis retrospective study encompassed 101 patients who underwent aneurysm embolization surgery. 851 radiomic features were extracted from CTA images. 512 deep learning features are extracted from last layer of ResNet50 deep convolutional neural network model. The feature screening process pipeline encompassed intraclass correlation coefficient analysis, principal component analysis, U test, spearman correlation analysis, minimum redundancy maximum relevance algorithm and Lasso regression, to identify features most correlated with postoperative Hunt-Hess grading. In the model construction phase, three distinct models were constructed: radiomics feature-based model (RSM), deep learning feature-based model (DLM), and deep learning-radiomics feature fusion model (DLRSCM). The study also calculated the radiomics score and combined it with clinical data to construct a Nomogram for predictive modeling. DLM, RSM and DLRSCM model was constructed by 9 base algorithms and 1 ensemble learning algorithm – Stacking ensemble model. Model performance was evaluated based on the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), calibration curves, and decision curves analysis.Results5 significant radiomic feature and 4 significant deep learning features were obtained through the feature selection process. These features were utilized for model construction. Bootstrap resampling method was used for internal validation of the models. In terms of model evaluation, the DLM model, the stacking ensemble algorithm results achieved an AUC of 0.959 and MCC of 0.815. In the RSM model, the stacking ensemble model AUC was 0.935 and MCC was 0.793. The stacking ensemble model in DLRSCM outperformed others, with an AUC of 0.968 and MCC of 0.820. Results indicated that the ANN performed optimally among all base models, while the stacked ensemble learning model exhibited the highest predictive performance.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the combination of radiomics and deep learning is an effective approach to predict the postoperative Hunt-Hess grade in patients with intracranial aneurysms. This holds significant value in the early identification of postoperative neurological complications and in enhancing clinical decision-making.
A general dual-pathway network for EEG denoising
Authors: Xiong Wenjing , Ma Lin , Li Haifeng 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionScalp electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis and interpretation are crucial for tracking and analyzing brain activity. The collected scalp EEG signals, however, are weak and frequently tainted with various sorts of artifacts. The models based on deep learning provide comparable performance with that of traditional techniques. However, current deep learning networks applied to scalp EEG noise reduction are large in scale and suffer from overfitting.MethodsHere, we propose a dual-pathway autoencoder modeling framework named DPAE for scalp EEG signal denoising and demonstrate the superiority of the model on multi-layer perceptron (MLP), convolutional neural network (CNN) and recurrent neural network (RNN), respectively. We validate the denoising performance on benchmark scalp EEG artifact datasets.ResultsThe experimental results show that our model architecture not only significantly reduces the computational effort but also outperforms existing deep learning denoising algorithms in root relative mean square error (RRMSE)metrics, both in the time and frequency domains.DiscussionThe DPAE architecture does not require a priori knowledge of the noise distribution nor is it limited by the network layer structure, which is a general network model oriented toward blind source separation.