bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial profiling reveals tissue‐specific neuro‐immune interactions in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Duan Suzann , Sawyer Travis W , Witten Brandon L , Song Heyu , Else Tobias , Merchant Juanita L 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP‐NETs) are heterogeneous malignancies that arise from complex cellular interactions within the tissue microenvironment. Here, we sought to decipher tumor‐derived signals from the surrounding microenvironment by applying digital spatial profiling (DSP) to hormone‐secreting and non‐functional GEP‐NETs. By combining this approach with in vitro studies of human‐derived organoids, we demonstrated the convergence of cell autonomous immune and pro‐inflammatory proteins that suggests their role in neuroendocrine differentiation and tumorigenesis. DSP was used to evaluate the expression of 40 neural‐ and immune‐related proteins in surgically resected duodenal and pancreatic NETs (n = 20) primarily consisting of gastrinomas (18/20). A total of 279 regions of interest were examined between tumors, adjacent normal and abnormal‐appearing epithelium, and the surrounding stroma. The results were stratified by tissue type and multiple endocrine neoplasia I (MEN1) status, whereas protein expression was validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). A tumor immune cell autonomous inflammatory signature was further evaluated by IHC and RNAscope, while functional pro‐inflammatory signaling was confirmed using patient‐derived duodenal organoids. Gastrin‐secreting and non‐functional pancreatic NETs showed a higher abundance of immune cell markers and immune infiltrate compared with duodenal gastrinomas. Compared with non‐MEN1 tumors, MEN1 gastrinomas and preneoplastic lesions showed strong immune exclusion and upregulated expression of neuropathological proteins. Despite a paucity of immune cells, duodenal gastrinomas expressed the pro‐inflammatory and pro‐neural factor IL‐17B. Treatment of human duodenal organoids with IL‐17B activated NF‐κB and STAT3 signaling and induced the expression of neuroendocrine markers. In conclusion, multiplexed spatial protein analysis identified tissue‐specific neuro‐immune signatures in GEP‐NETs. Duodenal gastrinomas are characterized by an immunologically cold microenvironment that permits cellular reprogramming and neoplastic transformation of the preneoplastic epithelium. Moreover, duodenal gastrinomas cell autonomously express immune and pro‐inflammatory factors, including tumor‐derived IL‐17B, that stimulate the neuroendocrine phenotype. © 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
A statistical approach for failure analysis involving uncertainty in determining ply orientation
Authors: Rahul Kirtunia , Jack David A. , Smith Douglas E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article presents the uncertainty of the part performance due to the estimated ply orientations of a carbon fiber laminate inspected using ultrasound inspection. Recent developments to quantify the orientation using ultrasound inspection is accurate to within for each lamina. The research presented in the current work statistically analyzes the impact this uncertainty in measurement has on the resulting expected failure envelope using two different analytical methods: (1) Monte‐Carlo (MC) simulation approach extending classical laminate theory and (2) Closed form approach of Mean Value First Order Second Moment method based on derivatives of failure envelope as a function of lamina orientation. The results are validated against a commercial finite element‐based MC simulation approach. The Tsai‐Wu failure criteria is implemented to determine the first ply failure stresses by applying a variety of planer loads to form the failure envelope for a given layup sequence of a carbon fiber reinforced polymer laminate. In this article, using stochastic simulations, the failure envelope is no longer deterministic but is stochastic in nature and converts the reporting from a deterministic factor of safety concept to a probability of failure for a given loading state. The analysis is visualized and quantified using the cumulative‐density‐function (CDF), which demonstrates the similarity between the stochastic results and the classical deterministic approach. To demonstrate a possible end use of the presented statistical analysis, a study of a woven composite laminate is presented where the ply orientation is estimated using ultrasound and the resulting CDF of failure is presented.Highlights
Statistical analysis (Monte‐Carlo, mean value, first order, second moment) on the ply orientation variability via ultrasound inspection.
Statistical analysis of classical laminate theory and FE based Tsai‐Wu failure model is developed and compared.
Tsai‐Wu failure envelope is quantified and visualized using cumulative density function.
Design and experiment of high‐field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry chip based on an integrated temperature control printed circuit board structure
Authors: Zeng Hao , Zhang Yu‐Qiao , Wang Yi‐Fei , Du Xiao‐Xia , Xiao Wen‐Xiang , Li Hua 
Published: January 2024

RationaleDuring the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOC) using high‐field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS), the ambient temperature significantly impacts the accuracy of planar FAIMS. To mitigate the influence of ambient temperature on detection accuracy and enhance resolution, a FAIMS system based on the inner impedance characteristics of a printed circuit board (PCB) was designed for temperature control.MethodsThis study, conducted under standard atmospheric pressure, aimed to assess the signal stability of a planar FAIMS instrument with and without temperature control, and the effect of temperature change on the detection ability of acetone, ethanol, and their mixture was studied using PCB self‐heating.ResultsExperimental results demonstrated that the base noise in FAIMS with temperature control was 0.2 pA, whereas that in FAIMS without temperature control was 1.8 pA. Notably, with increasing temperature, the detection ability of FAIMS changes accordingly. The optimal relative detection ability of acetone was observed when the electrode plate was heated to 45°C under an electric field of 15 kV/cm.ConclusionsThis study provides a novel approach to improve the resolving power of FAIMS systems and their signal‐to‐noise ratio. The utilization of a PCB‐based temperature control proved effective in stabilizing FAIMS signal characteristics and optimizing detection capabilities, particularly for VOCs such as acetone. These findings have significant implications for improving the accuracy and resolving power of FAIMS systems in VOC detection applications.
Effectiveness of peer mentoring in the study entry phase: A systematic review
Authors: Gehreke Laura , Schilling Hannes , Kauffeld Simone 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPeer mentoring is a widely employed strategy in higher education to foster student development and integration. However, the effectiveness of peer mentoring in higher education lacks well‐established statements. A systematic review was conducted to assess the efficacy of peer mentoring during the initial phase of academic studies. This review evaluated effectiveness based on four outcomes: intention to drop out, the sense of belonging, academic and social integration. It also scrutinised gender disparities and distinctions between digital and non‐digital, and group‐based and individual peer mentoring. The review revealed that peer mentoring is an effective support mechanism, yielding favourable impacts across various outcomes: social and academic integration, career benefits, emotional benefits, soft skills, university‐life balance, study dropout intention and sense of belonging to university. Gender disparities were generally inconspicuous in most studies. Digital peer mentoring proved effective, though students reported reduced levels of social support compared to non‐digital peer‐mentoring. Both individual and group‐based peer mentoring programmes were utilised, but specific outcomes distinguishing the two formats were not discerned. In summary, peer mentoring proves to be a valuable resource for first‐year students, particularly concerning academic and social integration. To holistically address the diverse needs of first‐year students additional approaches may be considered.
How can food processing achieve food and nutrition security?
Authors: Fardet Anthony , Gold Stefan , Delgado Amélia , Kopsahelis Nikolaos , Kachrimanidou Vasiliki , Kaur Lovedeep , Galli Francesca , Rock Edmond 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the agri‐food chain, while the impact of producers and consumers on sustainability has been well studied, food processing has been less explored. This position paper aims to discuss the potential of food processing to address all food and nutrition security (FNS) outcomes in order to achieve improved food system sustainability. First, FNS dimensions and the four pillars of agro‐food industry sustainability are defined, with a focus on ultra‐processed foods. Second, the food matrix concept is developed as a new paradigm to holistically address all FNS. It is concluded that food processing should become more involved in circular food systems and bioeconomy, and that we need to relocate food production, processing, and consumption to be more aligned with regional food production specificities. For this, minimal processing to preserve food matrices should be preferred. Therefore, the strong current tendency to develop reductionist and siloed innovative solutions to improve the sustainability of food systems should be questioned.
Synthesis of pyrazolone derivatives of coumarin as anticancer agents
Authors: Patil Jayashree V. , Soman Shubhangi S. , Umar Shweta , Girase Pankaj , Balakrishnan. Suresh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPursuing on our efforts towards searching for efficient anticancer agents herein we have designed and synthesized pyrazolone derivatives of 7‐amino 4‐methyl coumarin and 6‐amino coumarin. Anticancer activity of all the compounds were performed against lungs cancer cell line (A549) and breast cancer cell line (MCF‐7) using MTT assay. Out of all the compounds, compounds 17 c and 19 b exhibited remarkable activity with IC50 value of 1.22 μM and 1.66 μM against lungs cancer cell line (A549) breast cancer cell line (MCF‐7) respectively. Consequently, both compounds 17 c and compound 19 b were selected to study their cytotoxicity mechanism using different assays which includes EtBr/AO assay in respective cell, quantification of ROS using DCFH‐DA dye. To explore the behavioral and selective properties of the synthesized molecules, experimental analysis was complemented with computational methods. The electronic and structural parameters for both compound 17 c and 19 b were calculated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and correlated with the observed biological activity. Molecular docking was conducted to explore the interaction of compounds 17 c and 19 b with pivotal apoptotic genes, namely p53 and caspase 3. Compound 17 c exhibited docking scores of −8.6 and −8.4 kcal/mol for p53 and caspase 3, while compound 19 b showed scores of −9.3 kcal/mol for both genes, significantly surpassing fluorouracil. Hence, compound 17 c and 19 b can be pursued for further studies, including molecular and In Vivo investigations.
Catalysis‐Controlled Selective N‐mono or N‐di‐methylation of Anilines: A Review on Synthesis of N‐methyl or N,N‐dimethyl anilines
Authors: Zhang Fuhua , Chen Kun , Min Xin , Yang Wen , Su Miaodong , Cao Zhongzhong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractN‐alkyl anilines are a series of common and versatile compounds which not only have been used as reaction solvents, acid‐accepters, and organic‐bases, but also in synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and anti‐colodal. The N‐methyl and/or N,N‐dimethyl anilines are the most representative ones among these. Due to their widespread uses, numerous works have been reported on synthetic strategies in the past decades. The studies on N−H methylations of anilines mainly focus on selection of reagents, selection of catalysts, or ligands design. Different transition‐metals, e. g., Ir, Ru, Pd, and et. al, with different ligands have been used in the methylation protocols. Methanol (CH3OH), carbon dioxide (CO2), formaldehyde (HCHO), or dimethyl carbonate ((CH3)2CO3) was used as C source, and hydrogen (H2) or silanes as H source. In this work, we would like to summarize the latest advances on the synthesis of N‐methyl (N,N‐dimethyl included) anilines and derivatives. This review provides an overview of reactants and catalyst, as well as an emphasis on the scope of substrates and proposed reaction mechanism for each work.
Solvothermal‐induced synthesis of in‐situ carbon‐coated antimony nanoparticles as an anode material for sodium‐ion batteries
Authors: Xie Xin , Liang Qian , Huang Shu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are attracting increasing attention due to their low cost of raw materials and high potential as an alternative to lithium‐ion batteries in energy storage systems. Owing to its favorable reaction potential (0.6 V vs Na/Na+) and high reversible capacity (660 mAh g−1), antimony (Sb) has been extensively studied as an anode material for SIBs. However, the poor cyclability of a pure Sb anode, induced by the mechanical stress mechanism, hinders its application. Herein, carbon microspheres catalyzing the in‐situ polymerization and coating of Sb are developed through a “solvothermal‐induced” synthesis method. During the solvothermal process in the presence of carbon microspheres, SbCl3 can react with ethylene glycol to generate an organic‐inorganic hybrid precursor. This precursor can be further reduced into carbon‐coated Sb with controllable carbon content. Benefiting from an in‐situ coating process that buffers the volume change of Sb, the as‐prepared carbon‐coated Sb anode shows improved Na‐storage performance. It achieves a capacity of 330 mAh g−1 (based on the total mass of Sb and carbon) at 0.1 A g−1 and exhibits good cycling stability at 1 A g−1. This work contributes to a facile approach for preparing a carbon‐coated metallic anode for SIBs.
Nonclassical Growth Mechanism of Double‐Walled Metal‐Oxide Nanotubes Implying Transient Single‐Walled Structures
Authors: Paineau Erwan , Bourdelle Franck , Bhandary Rajesh , Truche Laurent , Lorgeoux Catherine , Bacia‐Verloop Maria , Monet Geoffrey , Rouzière Stéphan , Vantelon Delphine , Briois Valérie , Launois Pascale 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe formation of imogolite nanotubes is reported to be a kinetic process involving intermediate roof‐tile nanostructures. Here, the structural evolution occurring during the synthesis of aluminogermanate double‐walled imogolite nanotubes is in situ monitored, thanks to an instrumented autoclave allowing the control of the temperature, the continuous measurement of pH and pressure, and the regular sampling of gas and solution. Chemical analyses confirm the completion of the precursor's conversion with the release of CO2, ethanol, and dioxane as main side products. The combination of microscopic observations, infrared, and absorption spectroscopies with small and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering experiments unravel a unique growth mechanism implying transient single‐walled nanotubes instead of the self‐assembly of stacked proto‐imogolite tiles. The growth formation of these transient nanotubes is followed at the molecular level by Quick‐X‐ray absoprtion specotrscopy experiments. Multivariate data analysis evidences that the near neighboring atomic environment of Ge evolves from monotonous to a more complex one as the reaction progresses. The following transformation into a double‐walled nanotube takes place at a nearly constant mean radius, as demonstrated by the simulation of X‐ray scattering diagrams. Overall, transient nanotubes appear to serve for the anchoring of a new wall, corresponding to a mechanism radically different from that proposed in the literature.
Metal Phosphide Anodes in Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Latest Applications and Progress
Authors: Wang Longzhen , Li Qingmeng , Chen Zhiyuan , Wang Yiting , Li Yifei , Chai Jiali , Han Ning , Tang Bohejin , Rui Yichuan , Jiang Lei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), as the next‐generation high‐performance electrochemical energy storage devices, have attracted widespread attention due to their cost‐effectiveness and wide geographical distribution of sodium. As a crucial component of the structure of SIBs, the anode material plays a crucial role in determining its electrochemical performance. Significantly, metal phosphide exhibits remarkable application prospects as an anode material for SIBs because of its low redox potential and high theoretical capacity. However, due to volume expansion limitations and other factors, the rate and cycling performance of metal phosphides have gradually declined. To address these challenges, various viable solutions have been explored. In this paper, the recent research progress of metal phosphide materials for SIBs is systematically reviewed, including the synthesis strategy of metal phosphide, the storage mechanism of sodium ions, and the application of metal phosphide in electrochemical aspects. In addition, future challenges and opportunities based on current developments are presented.
#Resilience is not enough for Black women in STEM: Counterstories of two young Black women becoming a STEM person
Authors: Hughes Roxanne , Ibourk Amal , Wagner Lauren , Jones Kelli , Crawford Samantha 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBoth K‐12 schools and STEM disciplines are embedded in White supremacy and exclusion, making it that much harder for Black women to maintain an interest and sense of belonging in STEM. Through a Critical Race Feminism methodology, we tell the counterstories of our two co‐authors, two Black women, over the course of their lives. Through these counterstories (stories that run counter to normative stories of STEM as male and White), Kelli and Samantha show us how they negotiated and maintained a sense of belonging in STEM even through moments of self‐doubt in their STEM trajectory. These negotiations allowed them to carve a space for themselves within STEM. A key finding from these counterstories was the resilience both women developed through their participation in counterspaces and support from family and teachers that helped them develop pride in their STEM identity trajectories. Our study adds to the research on Black women's journeys in STEM by describing resilience strategies that our authors were forced to develop in response to White supremacy and how they were able to maintain their STEM identity by creating a counterstory that allowed them to maintain their sense of belonging within STEM. And yet, we conclude by asking if resilience is enough since both women questioned their authentic and valued place in their respective STEM disciplines because of the dominant storyline of STEM as White and male. Their stories reveal the deeper truth that change is needed in STEM to empower students of color to see themselves as not just tolerated but valued members of the discipline.
2023's Antarctic sea ice extent is the lowest on record
Authors: Gilbert Ella , Holmes Caroline 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAntarctic sea ice is a vitally important part of the regional and global climate. In 2023, sea ice extent fell to record lows, reaching unprecedented values for both the summer minimum, winter maximum and intervening freeze‐up period. Here, we show that the extreme values observed were truly remarkable within the context of the satellite record, despite the challenge of quantifying how rare such an event might be, and discuss some contributing factors. While this could be part of a decline in sea ice associated with human‐caused climate change, it is too early to say conclusively if this is the case.
Applications of solar thermal radiation in a bio‐convective Eyring–Powell hybrid nanofluid flow under the influence of electro‐magnetohydrodynamics near a stagnation point: An irreversibility study
Authors: Junaid Muhammad Sheraz , Aslam Muhammad Nauman , Zhang Jiazhong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) Eyring–Powell hybrid Nanofluid flowing through a stretching surface, with the effects of copper , aluminum oxide nanoparticles and gyrotactic motile microorganism with polyvinyl alcohol‐water as a base fluid. Heat transfer, joule heating, solar radiation, mass transmission, and entropy generation effects are analyzed on the fluid flow. A numerical model with an analytical methodology for the description of fluid flow and thermal properties of a parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC) installed on a solar plate is underway as the use of solar plates in many devices going to expand. The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using similarity transformations. The higher‐order ODEs are then solved using the analytical scheme known as the homotopy analysis method (HAM) in MATHEMATICA. The effects of different parameters such as magnetic field, electric field, Prandtl number, Eckert number, bioconvection diffusion, Lewis number, chemical reaction parameter, bioconvection, and Grashof number are analyzed with flow characteristics graphically. The velocity of the fluid shows a decrement due to the radiation parameter, Grashof number, and Solutal Grashof number. Thermodynamic properties of the fluid are enhanced with the Prandtl number, Eckert number, and electric and magnetic field. The entropy of the fluid increases with the Prandtl number, Eckert number, and diffusion parameter. Bejan number rises due to diffusion and bioconvection diffusion parameters. The study is about the mathematical analysis of Eyring Powell fluid flowing through a PTSC with the addition of a motile microorganism. PTSC are a main source of energy production for many sectors. Nanoparticles of copper and aluminum oxide are mixed to raise the thermal properties of the fluid used for electricity production engines, solar energy systems, cooling devices. Solar radiation effect, Joule heating, and viscous dissipation are analyzed for the energy production devices.
Pathological Deviant Behavior
Authors: Krüger Reinhard T. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the case of fetishism, pathological stealing, or other deviant behaviors, disorder-specific psychodrama therapy initially resolves the confusion of metacognitive processes at the level of symptom production. For this purpose, the metacognitive processes are represented with chairs as ego-states, spatially separated from each other in the therapy room. The patient’s self-development with the help of psychodrama techniques at the level of symptom production dissolves his blockages through defense. As a doppelganger, the therapist helps the patient in his attempt to discover his actual longing in the ideal symptom scene of everyday life, to justify this longing, and to integrate it into his life story. Thus, the patient understands himself in a new way. The subsequent attempts at abstinence show that without the self-traumatizing and pathological behavior, the patient spontaneously becomes more courageous and capable to deal with conflict in all areas of life. This theoretical understanding and the resulting psychodramatic action methods complement the disorder-specific approach in depth psychological, behavioral, and systemic psychotherapy.