bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectiefverlies bij levenslange gevangenisstraf en longstay-tbs-kader
Authors: Braun P.C. 
Published: February 2025

Loss of prospect for life prisoners and long-term forensic psychiatric inpatients
A comparison between life prisoners and long-term forensic psychiatric inpatients shows, besides differences in legal position, important similarities. Therefore the results of an experiment with regime changes in the long-term ward of Dutch forensic psychiatric institutions might also be relevant for the regime of life prisoners. The experiments are partly based on the ideas of Andrews, Ward and Bonta. The fundamental idea is to give inpatients a sense of control over their life environment by granting them as much responsibility as possible for practicalities, by communicating with their representatives regularly and taking a positive attitude towards inpatients’ preferences and requests. First experiences show that the new approach seems to have a positive impact on inpatients. They suffer less from depression as well as aggressive moods, which contributes to a better atmosphere in the institution. Stressing the tentative nature of this observation the author indicates that the hypothesis on the beneficial effects of active influence on the life environment might be verified by research currently in progress.
Perspectief voor levenslanggestraften?
Authors: de Bont T. , Meijer S. 
Published: February 2025

Prospects for life prisoners?
This article focuses on the ‘de iure’ and ‘de facto’ possibilities in Dutch penal law to reduce a life sentence. The question is whether the current legal framework offers sufficient perspective to life prisoners as required by the European Court of Human Rights. It also addresses the disadvantages of the current procedures. The authors argue that it is desirable that a legal possibility for release on probation of life prisoners is introduced in the Netherlands. They will set out a bill written by the NGO ‘Forum Levenslang’ that would make this possible.
We moeten samen het dansje afmaken
Authors: Molleman T. , van Ginneken E.F.J.C. 
Published: February 2025

We have to finish this dance together: Dutch prison officers on the enervating and energising aspects of their work
The job of prison officer is recognised as highly demanding, given that prisons are dynamic environments that place a burden on the mental and physical resources of staff. The article explores what prison officers consider the most rewarding and most stressful aspects of their job, and how they cope with job stress. The authors conducted seven semi-structured interviews with prison officers in a large Dutch prison to complement and illustrate findings from the literature. Prison officers especially enjoy human interaction in their job: working with their colleagues and with the prisoners. Poor communication about management and policy decisions, too much paperwork, and (violent) incidents caused frustration and stress among employees. Talking about problems with colleagues, family and friends alleviated some of the stress.
Het belang van goede nazorg na schokkende gebeurtenissen
Authors: Lücker P.P. 
Published: February 2025

The importance of good care after shocking events. And the risk of overdoing things ...
This article focuses on aftercare for professionals like policemen, firemen and soldiers who experienced a shocking event. The author, Peter-Paul Lücker, has been working in aftercare for many years. He observes a trend in professional counseling to diagnose and start treatment as soon as possible. In the past however, the basic principle has been to give somebody a break, to provide practical support and to rely on a natural recovery. Most people recover well this way after experiencing a shocking incident. This individual recovery process is best facilitated by providing a safe and supportive environment through recognition and appreciation, thus preventing secondary traumatization. This approach seems to contribute more to the prevention of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than rapid intervention, early screening and counseling. Sometimes however, the cumulative effect of stressful experiences leads to the conclusion that the job doesn’t fit the person involved anymore. Recognition and appreciation sometimes involve saying goodbye and making a new start.
De politiefunctionaris en het risico op PTSS
Authors: Kunst M.J.J. 
Published: February 2025

Police officers and the risk of PTSD; an appropriate concern or medicalization of a profession?
Several policy measures have recently been undertaken to enhance resilience in Dutch police officers. The author of this article argues that these initiatives rely on false beliefs about the stressful nature of police work. Police officers are often exposed to traumatic or otherwise stressful events, but this does not necessarily render them at an increased risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other (trauma-related) psychosocial problems. After a discussion of empirical studies which support his view, he speculates that these false beliefs are grounded in the Western tendency to qualify stressful events as (potentially) traumatic. This tendency to medicalize stressful events is reflected both in the history of the diagnostic criteria for PTSD in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the empirical literature. The author concludes with pointing out a potential negative by-effect of this medicalization tendency: simulating PTSD (symptoms) for external motives, such as financial gain.
Zeven jaar na de Commissie Visser: een nieuw evenwicht?
Authors: van der Wolf M.J.F. , Noyon L. 
Published: February 2025

Seven years after the Commission-Visser: a new equilibrium?
Since 1988 the Dutch entrustment order for dangerous mentally disordered offenders (TBS) is organised around three basic principles: treatment, legal protection and social security. In 2006 the Parliamentary Inquiry Commission ‘Visser’ reviewed the TBS order and made seventeen recommendations. This article seeks to investigate to what extent the implementation of these recommendations contributed to developments like the increasing restraints on leave permits and a lengthened average stay. Since 2006 there has been a strong emphasis on security. For a balanced execution of the TBS order more attention is needed for treatment and legal protection.
Over behandeling, beleid en belangenstrijd in de forensische psychiatrie
Authors: Bulten E. , Groeneweg J. 
Published: February 2025

Forensic psychiatry and the search for balance between various interests
Policies within forensic psychiatry can be characterized by the on-going search for balance between the interests of stakeholders. These interests vary in a lot of cases. The interest of society, the patient and the professional differs within a complex framework of political, ethical and juridical guidelines and scientific evidence. These differences are illustrated from a management’s point of view by describing the treatment issues in regard to forensic psychiatric inpatients with substance abuse disorders. Treatment policies on drug use during treatment balance between treatment guidelines and restrictive measures. These restrictions have to be adjusted to the necessary treatment programmes for developing new pro social lifestyles. The treatment policy on relapse and leave should balance between patient needs and the needs of society. The result of this interesting but also challenging and complex quest depends on the sensitivity of stakeholders for the interests of the others.
Verkorten van de tbs-verblijfsduur: een weg uit de crisis?
Authors: Nagtegaal M.H. 
Published: February 2025

Reducing the length of stay of forensic psychiatric patients in high security hospitals: a way out of the crisis?
The economic crisis in the Netherlands forces the Ministry of Security and Justice to cut expenses. In the forensic psychiatric sector, the main savings are expected from reducing the length of stay of forensic psychiatric patients (TBS-patients) in high security hospitals. Currently, over 70% of all TBS-patients do not reach the now set goal of successfully terminating their treatment program within eight years. The present article questions whether it is plausible that this goal will be reached. Research has shown that there are several possible measures that can be undertaken to reduce the length of stay. Examples of these are identifying subgroups of patients who take particularly long to complete their treatment and setting up interventions for those patients, reducing the focus on risks in society and in forensic practice, and the inclusion of protective factors in risk assessment. These factors may help in finding a way out of the crisis.
Het EU-concentratietoezicht in de steigers
Authors: Struijlaart R.A. 
Published: February 2025

Het EU-concentratietoezicht in de steigers: klein onderhoud of gemorrel aan het fundament?
De laatste herziening van het EU-concentratietoezicht dateert alweer van ruim negen jaar geleden. Inmiddels heeft de Europese Commissie de eerste stappen gezet om een nieuwe herziening mogelijk te maken. De meest belangwekkende wijziging die de Commissie tot dusver heeft voorgesteld is de uitbreiding van het toepassingsbereik van de Verordening, zodat ook de verwerving van bepaalde minderheidsdeelnemingen die geen (uitsluitende of gezamenlijke) zeggenschap verschaffen onder de reikwijdte van de EU-concentratieverordening komt te vallen. De vraag kan worden gesteld of de Commissie hier niet met een kanon op een mug dreigt te willen schieten.
Mars/Nestlé
Authors: van den Berg P.D. , Knibbeler W. 
Published: February 2025

Mars/Nestlé
In 2010 heeft Mars bij de onafhankelijke tankstations een Mars Ondernemersprogramma (het MOP) geïntroduceerd, om de verkoop van haar chocolade- en kauwgomproducten te vergroten. Het MOP voorziet o.a. in vergoedingen en bonussen voor tankstations die hun schapruimte invullen volgens de instructies van Mars en daarbij een prominente plaats reserveren voor Marsproducten. In 2011 voeren ruim 300 onafhankelijk opererende tankstationhouders een van de varianten van het MOP uit. Concurrent Nestlé start daarop een bodemprocedure en een kort geding, waarbij zij aanvoert dat Mars door middel van het MOP misbruik maakt van haar machtspositie op grond van artikel 24 Mw en het kartelverbod overtreedt zoals vervat in artikel 6 Mw. Nestlé vordert in kort geding dat het programma door Mars wordt gestaakt.Rb. ’s-Hertogenbosch 29 juli 2011, zaaknr. 232032-KG ZA 11-414 (Nestlé Nederland B.V./Mars Nederland B.V.)
Handhaven en balanceren: een tussenstand van privaatrechtelijke handhaving in Europa
Authors: Tzankova I.N. , Plomp M.J. , Raats T. 
Published: February 2025

Handhaven en balanceren: een tussenstand van privaatrechtelijke handhaving in Europa
Na een jarenlange politieke strijd heeft de Europese Commissie in het voorjaar van 2013 een pakket aan maatregelen gepubliceerd waarmee zij beoogt het verhaal van schade als gevolg van inbreuken op het mededingingsrecht te faciliteren. In dit artikel gaan wij in op de achtergrond en inhoud van het pakket van maatregelen. Centraal staat de vraag of de Europese Commissie haar doelstellingen met het voorliggende pakket zal bereiken en welke gevolgen de praktijk kan verwachten naar aanleiding van de voorgestelde maatregelen.
Gas terug bij exclusiviteitsbedingen in de brandstofsector
Authors: Tuinenga Stefan 
Published: February 2025

Gas terug bij exclusiviteitsbedingen in de brandstofsector: Exclusieve afnamebepalingen in toenemende mate onder druk door het mededingingsrecht?
Recentelijk heeft de Hoge Raad twee arresten gewezen inzake exclusieve-afnamebepalingen in contracten tussen leveranciers en afnemers van motorbrandstoffen. In de zaak Mandje/Rab oordeelde de Hoge Raad dat een exclusieve-afnamebepaling tussen een leverancier en een afnemer onder omstandigheden de strekking kan hebben de mededinging te beperken, terwijl de vaste lijn in de Europese jurisprudentie is deze bedingen aan een diepgaande effectanalyse te onderwerpen. In de zaak BP/Benschop bevestigde de Hoge Raad een oordeel van het Hof Amsterdam dat een exclusieve-afnamebepaling voor twintig jaar het gevolg had de mededinging te beperken, terwijl de vereiste diepgaande contextuele analyse van de effecten ontbrak.
De nieuwe richtsnoeren staatssteun milieubescherming en energie
Authors: Dielemans-Goossens Stephanie , Janssen Jan Erik 
Published: February 2025

De nieuwe richtsnoeren staatssteun milieubescherming en energie
Op 1 juli 2014 zijn de Richtsnoeren staatssteun ten behoeve van milieubescherming en energie 2014-2020 (hierna: de Richtsnoeren) in werking getreden. (Pb. EU 2014, C 200/01). De Richtsnoeren vervangen de Richtsnoeren inzake staatssteun voor milieubescherming uit 2008 (Pb. EU 2008, C/82/01). (hierna: de Richtsnoeren 2008). Dit artikel geeft een overzicht van de Richtsnoeren en belicht de belangrijkste verschillen met de Richtsnoeren 2008.
Brink’s Nederland B.V. – Geldservice Nederland B.V.
Authors: Dekker Cees 
Published: February 2025

Brink’s Nederland B.V. – Geldservice Nederland B.V.: ACM-Besluit op bezwaar d.d. 3 juli 2014, zaak 7512, inzake het bezwaarschrift van Brink’s Nederland B.V. tegen het besluit van ACM van 3 juni 2013 tot afwijzing van de aanvraag om toepassing van artikel 56 lid 1 Mw
In deze zaak gaat de ACM naar aanleiding van een klacht van geldtransporteur Brink’s na of een samenwerking door ABNAMRO, ING en Rabobank op het gebied van geldverwerking en (de inkoop van) geldtransport in strijd is met artikel 6 en 24 Mw en 101 en 102 VWEU. Daar waar in het primaire besluit nog werd uitgegaan van een mededingingsbeperkende overeenkomst voor wat betreft de samenwerking op het gebied van de inkoop van geldtransport, maar deze volgens de ACM voldeed aan de criteria van artikel 6, lid 3, Mw, oordeelt de ACM in het besluit op bezwaar dat ook dit deel van de samenwerking niet mededingingsbeperkend is. Het besluit op bezwaar bevat een aantal belangwekkende oordelen, waar de auteur kanttekeningen bij plaatst.
Het DHL-arrest: ‘Foutje, bedankt!’ in een systeem van parallelle clementieregelingen
Authors: Elkerbout Ruben 
Published: February 2025

Het DHL-arrest: ‘Foutje, bedankt!’ in een systeem van parallelle clementieregelingen
Tot voor kort was de hamvraag voor clementieverzoekers wat de precieze juridische status was van het ECN-clementieregelingsmodel van 2006 en welke precieze relatie een hoofdclementieverzoek bij de Commissie en een beknopt verzoek bij een nationale mededingingsautoriteit hebben. Op deze vragen en meer geeft het Hof van Justitie antwoord in het DHL-arrest. In deze bijdrage worden het DHL-arrest en de implicaties daarvan voor de clementiepraktijk besproken. Tevens komen het relevante juridische kader en het feitencomplex aan bod. Auteur pleit in zijn conclusie voor een in meer of mindere mate gecentraliseerd Europees clementieprogramma.
Hoe neutraal is kerkfinanciering?
Authors: Franken Leni , Loobuyck Patrick 
Published: February 2025

How neutral is state support for religions? A critical analysis of the Belgian policy of support
In this article, the authors explore how active state support for religions and worldviews could be in accordance with the principle of liberal neutrality. They focus on the Belgian church-state policy because this policy is characterised by an explicit and extended form of active support for recognised worldviews. If this policy is in accordance with liberal neutrality, some other, weaker forms of state support for religions and worldviews may also be in accordance with this neutrality principle. In the light of these considerations, the authors make some suggestions about possible ways to bring the Belgian church-state policy more in accordance with liberal neutrality.
De Drittwirkung van grondrechten
Authors: Somers Stefan 
Published: February 2025

The Drittwirkung of constitutional rights: retorical oddity or herald of a paradigm shift in our judicial system?
This article discusses whether the horizontal effect of human rights marks a new paradigm in legal systems or is merely a new style in legal rhetoric. In doing so, much attention is paid to the differences between direct and indirect horizontal effect. Departing from social contract theory the article explains that the protection of human right values in horizontal relations is an essential feature of modern constitutionalism. It also analyses whether these values in horizontal relations should be protected by private law or by human rights. This question is looked at from a substantial, a methodological and an institutional perspective. In the end, because of institutional power balancing, the article argues in favor of an indirect horizontal effect of human rights.
De complexiteit van het kwaad
Authors: Rozemond Klaas 
Published: February 2025

The complexity of evil. A critical reading of Hannah Arendt’s Eichmann in Jerusalem
In her book Eichmann in Jerusalem Hannah Arendt concluded that the Eichmann trial taught us the lesson of the ‘fearsome, word-and-thought-defying banality of evil’. Arendt explained the concept of banality as thoughtlessness: Eichmann did not realize what he was doing when he planned and executed the Final Solution of the Jewish Question in Nazi Germany. In this article Arendt’s analysis of Eichmann’s evil is criticized from an internal perspective: the conclusion that Eichmann was thoughtless cannot be founded on the information Arendt herself gives, especially her reports on Eichmann’s idealism, his knowledge of Kant’s categorical imperative, his Pontius Pilate feeling during the Wannsee Conference, and the two crises of conscience Eichmann experienced during the Holocaust. This information shows that Eichmann clearly realized what he was doing in a moral sense and consciously decided to go on with the Final Solution on the basis of his own convictions as a Nazi.
Globalization as a Factor in General Jurisprudence
Authors: Richards Sidney 
Published: February 2025

Globalization as a Factor in General Jurisprudence
Globalization is commonly cited as an important factor in theorising legal phenomena in the contemporary world. Although many legal disciplines have sought to adapt their theories to globalization, progress has been comparatively modest within contemporary analytical jurisprudence. This paper aims to offer a survey of recent scholarship on legal theory and globalization and suggests various ways in which these writings are relevant to the project of jurisprudence. This paper argues, more specifically, that the dominant interpretation of globalization frames it as a particular form of legal pluralism. The resulting concept – global legal pluralism – comes in two broad varieties, depending on whether it emphasizes normative or institutional pluralism. This paper goes on to argue that these concepts coincide with two central themes of jurisprudence, namely its concern with normativity and institutionality. Finally, this paper reflects on the feasibility of constructing a ‘general’ and ‘descriptive’ jurisprudence in light of globalization.
‘Down Freedom’s Main Line’
Authors: Winter Steven L. 
Published: February 2025

‘Down Freedom’s Main Line’
Two waves of democratization define the post-Cold War era of globalization. The first one saw democracies emerge in post-communist countries and post-Apartheid South Africa. The current wave began with the uprisings in the Middle East. The first focused on the formal institutions of the market and the liberal state, the second is participatory and rooted in collective action. The individualistic conception of freedom and democracy that underlies the first wave is false and fetishistic. The second wave shows democracy’s moral appeal is the commitment to equal participation in determining the terms and conditions of social life. Freedom, thus, requires collective action under conditions of equality, mutual recognition, and respect.
‘God hath given the world to men in common’
Authors: de Wilde Marc 
Published: February 2025

‘God Hath Given the World to Men in Common’
This article examines what limitations to private property John Locke recognizes to protect the rights of the poor. As has been pointed out in the literature, Locke’s ideas on the limitations to private property have been influenced by medieval discussions about the rights of the poor and the principle of extreme necessity. Confirming this interpretation, the article shows that Locke borrows the distinction between ‘ordinary need’ and ‘evident and urgent necessity’ from Thomas Aquinas. Taking position in a debate among Grotius and Pufendorf, Locke argues that the poor have a natural right to the ‘surplus’ of somebody else’s possessions, and that this right becomes legally enforceable in case of ‘evident and urgent necessity.’
Rechtspraak en waarheid in Aischylos’ Oresteia en Yael Farbers Molora
Authors: van den Berge Lukas 
Published: February 2025

Justice and Truth in in Aeschylus’ Oresteia and Yael Farber’s Molora
This article explores the themes of injustice and dehumanization in Aeschylus’ Oresteia and Yael Farber’s Molora, in which the story of the Oresteia is dramatized against the backdrop of post-apartheid South Africa. It is argued that both plays depict wrongdoers and victims alike as social outcasts. Thus, they can both be described with Paul Ricoeur as ‘sketches of a man,’ not being able to live up to their full human potential. Borrowing from Ricoeur’s legal philosophy, it is then explained how public trials and hearings help them to reintegrate into society, in which they can regain their full humanity.
Racial Profiling and the Presumption of Innocence
Authors: DeAngelis Peter 
Published: February 2025

Racial Profiling and the Presumption of Innocence
I argue that a compelling way to articulate what is wrong with racial profiling in policing is to view racial profiling as a violation of the presumption of innocence. I discuss the communicative nature of the presumption of innocence as an expression of social trust and a protection against the social condemnation of being undeservingly investigated, prosecuted, and convicted for committing a crime. I argue that, given its communicative dimension, failures to extend the presumption of innocence are an expression of disrespect. I take the New York Police Department’s stop-and-frisk policy as an example of racial profiling and argue that its use of race-based forms of suspicion as reasons for making stops is a violation of the presumption of innocence. I maintain that this systemic failure to extend the presumption of innocence to profiled groups reveals the essentially disrespectful nature of the NYPD policy.
المسؤولية الجنائية عن الاعتداء على الاديان وازدرائها في القوانين العربية والغربية
Authors: سبع نجاح ابراهيم 
Published: February 2025

تقوم فكرة الدين علي وجود قوي وقدرة إلهية وعلاقات إنسانية لتصبح هي النمط الاجتماعي للإنسان فقد خلق الله سبحانه وتعالى الشعور الديني فطرة، فقد ضمن المجتمع الدولي للإنسان حقه في اختيار دينه وعقيدته وممارسة كافة الشعائر بكل حرية، وقد ورد النص علي ذلك من خلال العديد من التشريعات الوطنية والمواثيق الدولية، غير إنها في الآونة الأخيرة شهدت العديد من الانتهاكات سواء كان في الدول العربية أو الدولة الأجنبية وسميت تلك الانتهاكات باسم قانوني وهو اسم ازدراء الأديان، فبالرغم من توفر العديد من النصوص القانون التي تحث علي ضرورة حماية الأديان والمقدسات الدينية علي المستويين الدولي والمحلي، فإن ازدراء الأديان لا يزال منتشر بصور كبيرة بحجة الحق في حرية التعبير المنصوص عليه في القانون، ونتيجة لذلك كان يجب أن تقوم بعض الدول والحكومات بينما يتوجب عليه للحفاظ علي الأمن والاستقرار داخل المجتمعات لمواجهة الفتنة.