bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomic Features of Aneurysms
Authors: Weir Bryce 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Saccular aneurysms are located much more frequently on the anterior circulation (85% to 95%) than on the posterior circulation (5% to 15%) (Fig. 4-1). Aneurysms can occur at almost any arterial point in the intracranial or intraspinal space, but are rarely located anywhere other than the anterior and posterior circulations. About one-third of aneurysms occur in the midline, and about one-third on each of the sides. Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) occurs because most aneurysms are located within the subarachnoid space. The su!Jarachnoid space is located between the arachnoid layer abutting the dura and the pia mater lying on the brain’s surface. Continuous sheets of cells from the arachnoid and pial layers completely invest the collagenous trabeculae, strands that run between them, as well as the vascular and neural structures traversing the space. The subarachnoid space is highly variable in width and configuration, but consistently large chambers are identified as named cisterns (e.g., interpeduncular, carotid). The pia mater is a physical barrier to the passage of erythrocytes into the potential periadventitial spaces around blood vessels perforating the brain’s surface.
Therapeutic Aspects of Sah: Surgical
Authors: Weir Bryce 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1969, Lougheed1 pointed out that two sets of statistics are necessary to determine the best type of surgical management: (1) management mortality and morbidity and (2) surgical mortality and morbidity. He felt that neurosurgeons should document cases in which patients died in their care without surgery. In the 1960s and 1970s, reports of surgical results were usually confined to those patients who had survived to the point at which they were treated surgically.
Thinking Twice, or Thrice, about Cloning
Authors: Silver Lee M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The patient is 40 years old. Her name is Jayne, and she is a divorced mother of an 8-year-old son. Jayne has come to the fertility clinic because she wants to get pregnant again—she wants to have a second child before her body says it’s too late. Since her divorce, Jayne has dated various men, but none of these relationships was very serious. Indeed, none of the men she’s slept with since she left her husband have met the very high standards she’s set for the ideal father of her next child. Jayne has decided that she can no longer wait for Mr. Right to enter her life. Menopause can strike at any moment.
Power without Responsibility: Media Portrayals of British Science
Authors: Wilkie Tom , Graham Elizabeth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The majority of adults in Britain cite the mass media as their main source of information about developments in science and technology. This alone makes it worth studying how the press covered the story of Dolly the cloned sheep. But the media’s reporting of Dolly is interesting for reasons quite apart from its bearing on public information and, potentially, public attitudes toward science. Rather the way in which science and the processes of science stood revealed through the prism of mass media coverage suggested that there may be serious difficulties in the relationship between science and society. Although there were failures of journalistic accuracy and balance, these should not be allowed to obscure such deeper issues. The coverage provided ample vindication of the contention put forward by Dorothy Nelkin and Susan Lindee in their book.
Cloning Humans and Cloning Animals
Authors: Singer Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
If we were to judge by the amount of attention it has received, from the media, from political leaders, and from opinion makers, the ingenious technical breakthrough that enabled Dr. Ian Wilmut and his team at the Roslin Institute in Scotland to clone an adult sheep would have to be the most momentous scientific event since the ﬁrst atom bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. The president of the United States demanded a report on whether the new procedure should be banned. Even the birth of the world’s first “test-tube baby” did not provoke so swift a response. Nor did the subsequent cloning of mice, cows, goats, and pigs.
A Pragmatic Approach to Human Cloning
Authors: McGee Glenn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Human cloning presents a bewitching test of any bioethical method. One can scarcely imagine a worse mess to clean up. Public discussion of human cloning was promulgated by Dolly, a cloned Scottish ewe named after a country music singer,6 and inflamed by Richard Seed, a Chicago scientist who played the Jack Kevorkian role of announcing on National Public Radio that he planned to clone himself several times “for fun.” Public debate about cloning centered on stopping Seed, cloning pets and livestock, and the likelihood that a despot somewhere in the world would set about the task of breaking what seems to be an international consensus against the reproductive uses of cloning technologies. Virtually every philosopher with an interest in ethics was suddenly called on by television to play Solomon, or at least Nostradamus, to questions like “Is it ethical to clone a recently deceased child? ” or “Would a clone have a soul? ” Within a year of the birth of Dolly the odd, marginal, and unlikely problem of human cloning had been elevated to one of the most hotly debated issues in twentieth-century science and health.
Stem Cells: From the House of Lords Select Committee Report on Stem Cell Research
Authors: Harries Richard 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act of 1990 allowed research on human embryos, under strict regulation, for ﬁve purposes connected with reproduction. In 2001 Parliament passed regulations adding three new purposes to the original five in the act: Because of unease in the House of Lords about these additional purposes a Select Committee was set up to look into the issues more thoroughly than is possible in an ordinary debate. The House of Lords rejected an amendment which would not have passed the regulations until a Select Committee had reported. The committee consisted of members of the House of Lords with a broad range of experience and expertise. It had access to excellent scientiﬁc and legal advice throughout its meetings. Because members of the committee were not themselves practicing scientists they had to work hard
Silk Proteins: Breakdown and Evolutionary Pathways
Authors: Craig Catherine L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
To understand the evolution of spiders, one must understand their silk-producing systems. This chapter will review our current knowledge concerning the molecular composition and structure of silks and fibrous protein glues. The hypotheses generated here are based on comparison between the silks and protein glues produced by spiders and the silks and protein glues produced by insects. These comparisons, in turn, depend on understanding the molecular composition and structure of silks and glues.
Only animals in the classes Insecta and Arachnida (Phylum Arthropoda) produce silks. Silks are fibrous proteins made up of repetitive sequences of amino acids. These amino acids are stored in the animal as a liquid and configure into fibers when sheared or “spun” at secretion. Animals use silks for a variety of purposes: to construct protective shelter; to provide structural support (for example, for eggs and egg sacs); and in reproduction, foraging, and dispersal (table 1.1).
Dreams and Other Mental Activity During Sleep
Authors: Aldrich Michaels. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Dreams have been a source of fascination for all of known history. In many ancient civilizations, dreams were viewed as communications from gods and spirits and were considered of great import because of their presumed potential to reveal the future. As early as 1350 BC, dreams were viewed in ancient Egypt as contrary predictors-a dream of illness, for example, signified the coming of good health.
Electronic processes in polyaniline (PAni)
Authors: Pope Martin , Swenberg Charlese E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Among the most important polymeric conductors from the technological standpoint (as distinct from molecularly doped polymer films, which constitute the much more commercially important materials used in electrophotography) are the polyanilines. Polyanilines are a family of polymers of the general formula shown in Fig. X. l. These compounds have been known for more than 100 years as aniline blacks and are important dyestuffs. The great interest in these polymers at present is due to their ability to behave either as semiconductors or as metals, depending on the degree and type of doping used. The dopants are typical electron acceptors, such as AsF5 and electron donors, such as Li. Polyanilines have been used as active electrodes in lightweight rechargeable batteries, as hole-injecting electrodes in electroluminescent flexible LEDs, as a conductive adhesive, and in many other applications.
Nonlinear optical and photorefractive properties (NLO)
Authors: Pope Martin , Swenberg Charlese E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As with most of the materials discussed in this book, the potential for significant technological discoveries is a powerful driving force for research in this area. However, there is much of extreme theoretical importance in these studies. The study of nonlinear excited state resonances with even-parity states has potentially rich rewards both for spectroscopy and NLO. Then there is always the challenge to see how far one can get in designing and synthesizing organic molecules that can outperform inorganic materials. The relationship between molecular structure and bulk nonlinear properties is still in its infancy (Marder et al. 1997).
Molecular electronics
Authors: Pope Martin , Swenberg Charlese E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Molecular electronics as a discipline is practiced by essentially two groups of investigators, and these groups define the field. One group studies the electronic properties of molecular materials without primary focus on the number of molecules involved and the other attempts to reduce the size of the molecular domain that will carry out the electronic task to that of a single molecule, or a few molecules. At present, there is much greater activity in the former group, although there is an inevitable blurring of distinctions between the two groups. Molecular electronics includes liquid-crystal displays, NLO devices, electrophotography, electroluminescence, photoconductive and photovoltaic devices, ferroelectrics, sensors, batteries, and, more recently, metallic, magnetic, and superconductive systems. An introduction to the developments in this field is provided by Petty (1996).
Kant’s Impure Ethics
Authors: Louden Robert B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This is the first book-length study in any language to examine in detail and critically assess the second part of Kant’s ethics—an empirical, impure part, which determines how best to apply pure principles to the human situation. Drawing attention to Kant’s under-explored impure ethics, this revealing investigation refutes the common and long-standing misperception that Kant’s ethics advocates empty formalism. Making detailed use of a variety of Kantian texts never before translated into English, author Robert B. Louden reassesses the strengths and weaknesses of Kantian ethics as a whole, once the second part is re-admitted to its rightful place within Kant’s practical philosophy.
The Mind-Body Connection
Authors: Koehn Cheryl , Palmer Taysha , Esdaile John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Browsing over the shelves of almost any bookstore, one discovers the myriad ways in which our attitudes, emotions, and thoughts are believed to influence our physical well-being. Popular writers such as Louise Hay, Bill Movers, Bernie Seigal, Andrew Weil, and Deepak Chopra have taken mindbody ideas once considered fringe in the western hemisphere and brought them into our society's mainstream. While some mind-body ideas are still considered far-fetched in western medical circles, others carry the stamp of approval that comes with rigorous scientific study. In fact, several fields of scientific research devote themselves solely to studying the relationship between the mind and the rest of the body. These include health psychology, biological psychiatry, and psychoneuroimmunology. A large amount of evidence indeed exists to support the notion that our mental states have a real effect on our physical well being.
Investing Ourselves in Ceremonies
Authors: Attig Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Darnell needed blood transfusions for his hemophilia. One transfusion infected him with HIV and the virus gave him AIDS. While Darnell was still alive, his parents, Floyd and Dinah, joined with others to call for greater public awareness of the plights of those who had the disease and those who loved them, the dangers of the epidemic, and the need for more effective response. Darnell died while still a young boy. Many from the AIDS community as well as family and friends joined Floyd and Dinah for Darnell’s funeral and burial services. Floyd and Dinah welcomed the opportunity to make a memorial panel for the NAMES Project AIDS Memorial Quilt. As thousands had with other panels, they invested Darnell’s with their love. Floyd helped with the planning, sat and remembered with Dinah, and held some pieces in place as she did the sewing. They chose Darnell’s favorite color, red, for the background. They placed Darnell’s name and the dates of his birth and death at the top. Together they decided on a cross for Darnell’s love of God, a rocket ship for his love of science and science fiction, and a cocker spaniel for his love of Sparky. For themselves, they added the words, “We will always love you.”
Unfinished Business
Authors: Attig Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The last conversation Jessica had with her son, Shawn, haunted her. She had been sharply critical of his refusing to turn down the stereo in his room. And she couldn’t resist launching into an old refrain about his leaving the room in disarray. Shawn had lashed back at her. He insisted he “needed space” and that he was more responsible than she seemed to think. He said he sometimes wished she would just get off his back. In the middle of their argument, Shawn’s friend honked his horn in the driveway and Shawn stormed out the door. He died in a car crash later that night. Jessica loved Shawn dearly. She wanted to remember the delights of raising him and the many wonderful times they shared. But she could not forget their last moments together. One ofternoon she decided to write a letter addressed to Shawn. She poured out all that was in her heart. For her part, she was sorry. She asked him to forgive her for making such a fuss over what really was “his space.”
Negative Ties That Bind Us
Authors: Attig Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Sometimes unfinished business centers on far heavier matters. Some of us have known serious, long-standing troubles in our relationships with those who have died. Where there was reason to hope for, and even expect, love, some of us have felt a lack of love, affection, attention, or care. Some have endured gross insensitivity, disrespect, indifference, imbalance in give-and-take, or ingratitude. Substance abuse or destructive family patterns may have compromised or even ruined what could have been so much better. Sometimes we become unusually dependent on those who have died-to the point at which some of us have merged our identities with theirs, deferred to them on almost all decisions, or allowed them to manage nearly all details of our lives. Some of us have struggled with another’s attempts to control, manipulate, dominate, or even possess us. Some of us have been abused and actually harmed physically, sexually, or psychologically. Still others have compromised, hurt, or seriously harmed those who have died.
Horrific Memories
Authors: Attig Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Hector approached me during a break in a presentation I was making to a group of bereaved parents. He said his situation was different from most since his teenaged son, Juan, had committed suicide. The group had been unable to identify with or listen sympathetically to many of the distinctive aspects of his grief. He told me of his two-year private struggle to come to a realization he now thought obvious. He guessed it had taken that long for it to come into his head and then make its way into his heart. “At first,” he said, “I hated what my son did. I hated him for doing it to himself and to me and his mother. God, how it hurt! It will probably always hurt. My insides were churning constantly. I couldn’t get my mind off what he did with that gun.” “But,” Hector went on, “one day I saw that I hated what he did because he took a life I dearly loved. And I wished he had loved it more. I think that was probably the turning point, though I didn’t quite realize it then.” He went on to tell me how hard it was to accept that Juan did not want to live. He blamed everyone, including himself. But, ultimately, he concluded that it was Juan’s decision, and no one else was to blame.
Remembering at the Time of Death
Authors: Attig Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Memories of lives now ended are very much on our minds at the time of death. We remember what life was like with those who have died and how and why we love them. We remember our last moments with them. Ceremonies of separation, formal and informal, support and encourage our remembering privately and together with others. A number of years ago a colleague and I made a film about funerals. We interviewed several people about funeral and memorial services and heard many stories about remembering in such ceremonies. spoke with Jim and his wife Pat one ofternoon. Jim’s elderly mother and father had died a week apart of natural causes. The priest, who knew Jim’s parents and the family well, offered a eulogy at the first funeral. The priest remembered well. His remembering helped those gathered to focus on what they could cherish in the life now ended.
Loss and Soul Pain
Authors: Attig Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Henry married and made a home and life with Grace for forty-two years. From the beginning, they felt they belonged together. They sensed a special chemistry as they blended their lives-”Better living through chemistry,” they liked to say. Henry and Grace loved one another faithfully and wholeheartedly. They remained their own persons even while something of each found its way deep beneath the skin of the other. They couldn’t say exactly how, but there was something more to them together than simply one plus one. They thrived as companions, partners, and lovers as they immersed themselves in the rich details of everyday life and the unfolding of the seasons of their lives. They grew in understanding of one another, themselves, and their special chemistry. They never ceased wondering at how much more there was to understand. They were grateful for one another and all that married life c!lfered. Grace taught high school history for nearly thirty years. Her enthusiasm was contagious, and the subject came alive in her classroom. She focused on everyday lives in other times and cultures.
Seeing Them in Others
Authors: Attig Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The last Nagel reunion took place one summer day in 1981 at my Aunt Gertie’s home in suburban Chicago. We called it the “Nagel” reunion because my Grandma, Mom, and her siblings were Nagels. Grandma had died several years before and her daughter, Clara, nearly twenty years before her. Her eight surviving children were there. Mom and her sisters Christine and Hilde were widowed. Gertie, her fraternal twin Mary, Herm, Billy, and Dick were there with their spouses. A dozen or so of the eighteen in my generation were there, most with spouses and little and growing children of our own. There were somewhere between thirty and forty of us. It was in many ways like so many of the holiday gatherings that I counted among the most wonderful experiences of my childhood. Though they had more character etched in their features and more white hair, my aunts and uncles were as lively and sometimes chal-lenging and frustrating as ever. My aunts’ features only hinted at resemblance to Grandma. My uncles resembled more than ever the grandfather I knew only through photographs. My generation was filled with grown-up versions of the bodies and personalities I remembered, some difficult but most endearing.
Touching Our Souls in Mysterious Ways
Authors: Attig Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There is more to Henry’s Grace, my grandmother, Kathryn’s Mark, Alex Haley’s ancestors, and others whom we love than we will ever know. Earlier I wrote about how, as we live with and remember them, we stand before them as we do before other mysteries in life. They are not like puzzles or problems we can solve or finish. They can always surprise us, show us something more of themselves, challenge or delight us in new ways. We never fully understand or appreciate the complexity of their life stories or the depth of their characters. We are hardly in a better position to know the souls of those who have died than they were. They were unfathomable when alive and will remain so. We know only aspects of their daily lives and life stories. In everyday life with them, we were ordinarily as unselfconsciously absorbed in things, places, experiences, activities, and interactions with others as they were. Only occasionally did we sense beneath the surface of what we could ob-serve how their souls motivated their everyday expressions, gestures, actions, or habits.
Learning to Be Soulful
Authors: Attig Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Dorothy came to speak with my classes several times during the last years of her life. She was dying of cancer. She told what it was like when the doctor gave her the diagnosis and explained what lay ahead. She told us how the disease ravaged her body. She spoke about the failure of standard treatments and what the experimental treatments were like. She answered the students’ questions fully and candidly. Most memorably, though, she spoke about how life was different for her as she faced her own mortality. Living with illness forced some changes as it undermined her stamina and sometimes shelved her from everyday life. Yet, she insisted she was living some of the best days of her life. Her illness prompted her to reflect on what really mattered in the time she had left to live. She spoke about how she no longer put off until later what she cared about most. She made sure that every day included living and loving well. She enjoyed her home, the comforts it provided, and the life it held. She made time for her husband.
Joy and Adventure
Authors: Attig Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Dad worked hard all of his life, on his feet all day, six days a week. At the end of the day, when he arrived home, he was exhausted and had little time for physical play with me. I found such play instead with my older brother, John, and friends. But Dad recognized that life devoted only to work is joyless. He found most of his joy in the comfort of a chair in the living room, taking great delight in following major league baseball. He infected me with that enthusiasm. Dad also loved to laugh. Together with Mom, we delighted in, first, the radio antics of Fibber McGee and Molly, the Great Gildersleeve, and Amos and Andy and, later, the television comedy of Red Skelton, George Burns and Gracie Allen, Jack Benny, Herb Shriner, and George Gobel. I’ll never forget how sometimes we laughed until it hurt. I still thrive in that special agony.