bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new absolute quantitative method for peptide and metabolite detection
Authors: Brogna Carlo , Cristoni Simone 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMass spectrometry is widely employed in various analytical fields for both compound identification and quantification. While in the case of compound identification, the high‐resolution instrument has increased selectivity and characterization efficiency; in the case of quantitative analysis, some critical tasks actually remain. In particular, different compounds exhibit different ionization efficiency, and this introduces the need to have a calibration standard for each analyte. In this paper, we present a new elaborative data technology, which makes it possible to standardize calibration between different instruments and molecules, making it absolute. The method was applied to data acquired by means of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry by means of an ion trap analyzer. The approach is based on the correlation of the ion trap space charge effect and the analyte concentration. The method was validated in the analysis of compounds having different polarity: hydrossitirosol, arginine, thyodiglicolic acid, and a peptide mixture of bacteria cultures derived the human gut microbiome where was found poliovirus. Moreover, it was used to obtain the absolute quantitation of peptides originating from the tryptic digestion of bacterial proteins in the fecal samples. It was therefore possible to identify and quantify different derived bacterial proteins of the poliomyelitis virus coded in bacteria derived from the gastrointestinal tract.
Advancing the analytical toolkit in the investigation of vector mosquito host biting site selection
Authors: Wooding Madelien , Dodgen Tyren , Rohwer Egmont R. , Naudé Yvette 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHigh‐resolution mass spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry provide additional confidence in biological marker discovery and elucidation by adding additional peak capacity through physiochemical separation orthogonal to chromatography. Sophisticated analytical techniques have proved valuable in the identification of human skin surface chemicals used by vector mosquitoes to find their human host. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was used as a non‐invasive passive wearable sampler to concentrate skin surface non‐volatile and semi‐volatile compounds prior to solvent desorption directly in an LC vial, thereby simplifying the link between extraction and analysis. Ultra‐performance liquid chromatography with ion mobility spectrometry coupled with high‐resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC‐IMS‐HRMS) was used for compound separation and detection. A comparison of the skin chemical profiles between the ankle and wrist skin surface region sampled over a 5‐day period for a human volunteer was done. Twenty‐three biomarkers were tentatively identified with the aid of a collision cross‐section (CCS) prediction tool, seven associated with the ankle skin surface region and 16 closely associated with the wrist skin surface. Ten amino acids were detected and unequivocally identified on the human skin surface for the first time. Furthermore, 22 previously unreported skin surface compounds were tentatively identified on the human skin surface using accurate mass, CCS values and fragmentation patterns. Method limits of detection for the passive skin sampling method ranged from 8.7 (sulfadimethoxine) to 95 ng (taurine). This approach enabled the detection and identification of as‐yet unknown human skin surface compounds and provided corresponding CCS values.
The caring advantage: When and how parenting improves leadership
Authors: Gartzia Leire 
Published: December 2023

SummaryLeadership research is grounded in one simple principle: leaders care about followers' attitudes and emotions to achieve outcomes. Yet, how leaders develop these caring skills remains unidentified. The current study addresses parenting as a major, previously unaddressed antecedent of leadership effectiveness that involves experiences of care and emotional support to others (the children) transferred to work. Findings from matched field data of leaders who are parents and their employees confirm this approach and point to a fundamental omission in leadership studies: supportive behaviors that are critical for leaders involve experiences of care inherently developed in parenting roles. Consistent with work–family enrichment principles, leaders' parental experiences improved employee outcomes by facilitating supportive leadership behaviors, conditional on time spent in parenting (with supportive parenting styles but little time to be with children, the positive transfer from parenting to work was lower). These findings represent a clear contribution to leadership theory and practice and the many missed associations between leadership and family–work enrichment. They also provide novel insights and questions for advancing management theory with critical practical implications for leaders who are parents, calling for urgent designs of firm practices that are sensitive to parenting and other forms of unpaid care work to unleash leaders' caring potential.
Four alternative methodologies for simulated treatment comparison: How could the use of simulation be re‐invigorated?
Authors: Zhang Landan , Bujkiewicz Sylwia , Jackson Dan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSimulated treatment comparison (STC) is an established method for performing population adjustment for the indirect comparison of two treatments, where individual patient data (IPD) are available for one trial but only aggregate level information is available for the other. The most commonly used method is what we call ‘standard STC’. Here we fit an outcome model using data from the trial with IPD, and then substitute mean covariate values from the trial where only aggregate level data are available, to predict what the first of these trial's outcomes would have been if its population had been the same as the second. However, this type of STC methodology does not involve simulation and can result in bias when the link function used in the outcome model is non‐linear. An alternative approach is to use the fitted outcome model to simulate patient profiles in the trial for which IPD are available, but in the other trial's population. This stochastic alternative presents additional challenges. We examine the history of STC and propose two new simulation‐based methods that resolve many of the difficulties associated with the current stochastic approach. A virtue of the simulation‐based STC methods is that the marginal estimands are then clearly targeted. We illustrate all methods using a numerical example and explore their use in a simulation study.
Phenolic profile of unripe areca nuts cultivated in various districts of Karnataka, India
Authors: Hugar Priyanka , Dutta Ankita , Srilakshmi S. , Belur Prasanna D. , Raval Keyur , Iyyaswami Regupathi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnnual production of areca nut in Karnataka state exceeds 1.08 million tonnes, contributing 80% and 49% to Indian and global production, respectively. Areca nut (pericarp of Areca catechu L.) is found to be a rich source of valuable phenolic compounds. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were estimated in 21 unripe areca nut samples collected from the major areca nut growing regions of Karnataka state. Arecoline, a prominent alkaloid present in areca nut was estimated and phenolic profile of one areca nut sample was generated using UHPLC–MS/MS studies.ResultsA significant variability was found in TPC, TFC and arecoline content among the samples, belongs to different agroclimatic zones. Flavonoids were found to be the major phenolic compounds present in these unripe areca nut samples. The median values of TPC, TFC and arecoline were found to be 99.609 ± 0.002 mg gallic acid equivalent, 78.86 ± 0.007 mg catechin equivalent and 2.17 ± 0.13 mg/g of the sample on fresh weight basis. A positive correlation was found to exist between TPC and arecoline content in the green unripe areca nuts of 6–7 months' maturity. Through UHPLC–MS/MS studies, 61 prominent compounds have been identified.ConclusionThe TPC and TFC of areca nuts collected from different districts of Karnataka falling in various agroclimatic zones varied significantly. In general, the arecoline content found in all these samples was less than that reported elsewhere, and the variability among the samples was also found to be minimal. A positive correlation was observed between TPC and arecoline. UHPLC–MS/MS studies showed the presence of about 52 unique phenolic compounds.
Amelioration of nutritional properties of bakery fat using omega‐3 fatty acid‐rich edible oils: a review
Authors: Dhiman Aishwarya , Chopra Rajni , Singh Priyanka Kumari , Homroy Snigdha , Chand Monika , Talwar Binanshu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBakery products have gained prominence in modern diets due to their convenience and accessibility, often serving as staple meals across diverse regions. However, the fats used in these products are rich in saturated fatty acids and often comprise trans fatty acids, which are considered as a major biomarker for non‐communicable diseases like cardiovascular disorders, obesity and diabetes. Additionally, these fats lack the essential omega‐3 fatty acids, which are widely known for their therapeutic benefits. They play a major role in lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes. Thus, there is need for incorporating these essential fatty acids into bakery fats. Nevertheless, fortifying food products with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) poses several challenges due to their high susceptibility to oxidation. This oxidative deterioration leads to not only the formation of undesirable flavors, but also a loss of nutritional value in the final products. This review focuses on the development of healthier trans‐fat‐free bakery fat enriched with omega‐3 fatty acids and its effect on the physicochemical, functional, sensory and nutritional properties of bakery fats and products. Further, the role of various technologies like physical blending, enzymatic interesterification and encapsulation to improve the stability of PUFA‐rich bakery fat is discussed, where microencapsulation emerged as a novel and effective technology to enhance the stability and shelf life. By preventing deteriorative changes, microencapsulation ensures that the nutritional, physicochemical and sensory properties of food products remain intact. Novel modification methods like interesterification and microencapsulation used for developing PUFA‐rich bakery fats have a potential to address the health risks occurring due to consumption of bakery fat having higher amount of saturated and trans fatty acids. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
An iterative algorithm for low‐rank tensor completion problem with sparse noise and missing values
Authors: Chen Jianheng , Huang Wen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRobust low‐rank tensor completion plays an important role in multidimensional data analysis against different degradations, such as sparse noise, and missing entries, and has a variety of applications in image processing and computer vision. In this paper, an optimization model for low‐rank tensor completion problems is proposed and a block coordinate descent algorithm is developed to solve this model. It is shown that for one of the subproblems, the closed‐form solution exists and for the other, a Riemannian conjugate gradient algorithm is used. In particular, when all elements are known, that is, no missing values, the block coordinate descent is simplified in the sense that both subproblems have closed‐form solutions. The convergence analysis is established without requiring the latter subproblem to be solved exactly. Numerical experiments illustrate that the proposed model with the algorithm is feasible and effective.
Parallel processes of temporal control in the supplementary motor area and the frontoparietal circuit
Authors: Wang Xuanyu , Shi Shunyu , Bao Yan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDurations in the several seconds' range are cognitively accessible during active timing. Functional neuroimaging studies suggest the engagement of the basal ganglia (BG) and supplementary motor area (SMA). However, their functional relevance and arrangement remain unclear because non‐timing cognitive processes temporally coincide with the active timing. To examine the potential contamination by parallel processes, we introduced a sensory control and a motor control to the duration‐reproduction task. By comparing their hemodynamic functions, we decomposed the neural activities in multiple brain loci linked to different cognitive processes. Our results show a dissociation of two cortical neural circuits: the SMA for both active timing and motor preparation, followed by a prefrontal–parietal circuit related to duration working memory. We argue that these cortical processes represent duration as the content but at different levels of abstraction, while the subcortical structures, including the BG and thalamus, provide the logistic basis of timing by coordinating the temporal framework across brain structures.
Self‐truncated sampling produces more moderate covariation judgment and related decision than descriptive frequency information: The role of regressive frequency estimation
Authors: Zhang Xuhui , Dai Junyi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCovariation judgment underlies a diversity of psychological theories and influences various everyday decisions. Information about covariation can be learned from either a summary description of frequencies (i.e., contingency tables) or trial‐by‐trial experience (i.e., sampling individual instances). Two studies were conducted to investigate the impact of information learning mode (i.e., description vs. self‐truncated sampling) on covariation judgment and related decision. In each trial under the description condition, participants were presented with a contingency table with explicit cell frequencies, whereas in each trial under the self‐truncated sampling condition, participants were allowed to determine when to stop sampling instances and thus the actual sample size. To eliminate sampling error, an other‐yoked (i.e., between‐subject) design was used in this research so that cell frequencies shown in a trial under the description condition were matched with those experienced in a trial under the self‐truncated sampling condition. Experiment 1 showed that the self‐truncated sampling condition led to more moderate covariation judgments than the description condition (i.e., a description–experience gap). Experiment 2 demonstrated further that the same gap extended to covariation‐related decisions in terms of relative contingent preference (RCP). Regressive frequency estimation under self‐truncated sampling appeared to underlie the consistent gaps found in the two studies, whereas the impact of regressive diagnosticity (i.e., the same sample of instances was viewed as less diagnostic under description than under self‐truncated sampling) or simultaneous overestimation and underweighting of rare instances under experience was not supported by the observed data. Future research might examine alternative accounts of the observed gaps, such as the impacts of belief updating and stopping rule under self‐truncated sampling.
Peer popularity and self‐discipline as protective factors against depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents: Do boys and girls benefit equally?
Authors: Zhu Nan , Lu Hui Jing , Chang Lei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe current study examined the concurrent and longitudinal protective effects of peer popularity and self‐discipline (control, planning, and the ability to prioritize important things) against depressive symptoms among adolescents. We used multilevel modeling to examine the data of 1676 adolescents aged 12–15 years from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) survey, a large‐scale panel survey with a nationally representative sample. Results showed that both peer popularity and self‐discipline predicted lower levels of depressive symptoms measured concurrently. The buffering effect of self‐discipline against concurrent depressive symptoms was stronger for girls than for boys, especially in middle adolescence. Peer popularity additionally predicted lower levels of depressive symptoms 4 years later, and this effect was stronger for girls than for boys. These patterns of results were maintained after controlling for self‐rated physical health and society‐level factors. We discuss these findings against the background of distinct traditional gender roles.
The development of using function word “zài” to learn novel verbs in young Mandarin speakers
Authors: Li Zhigang , Liang Chenyue , Zhong Jianing , Chen Shuang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe present research examined whether Mandarin‐speaking children could use function words to learn novel verbs and recognize verbs in a new sentential context. In Experiment 1, 3‐ to 6‐year‐old children were taught two novel verbs supported by the verb marker “zài.” The 5‐ and 6‐year‐old children successfully used the function word “zài” to learn novel verbs, but the 3‐ and 4‐year‐olds failed to interpret the novel words as verbs. In Experiment 2 and 3, the children had to recognize the newly learned verbs in new sentences containing a different function word (a different verb‐biased marker “le” or a non‐verb‐biased marker “shì”). Results showed that the 5‐year‐old children could recognize the newly learned verbs with another verb‐biased marker “le,” but only the 6‐year‐old children could recognize the newly learned verbs with the non‐verb‐biased marker “shì.” The study verified that Mandarin‐speaking children could use the function word “zài” to determine a novel word as a verb and revealed that such an ability appeared between the ages of 4 and 5 years. In addition, the ability to extend a newly learned verb across different morphosyntactic markers is developed in 5‐ to 6‐year‐olds.
Relationship between theta/beta ratio and mind wandering in schizotypy
Authors: Zhang Qin , Jia Lu‐xia , Cui Ji‐fang , Ye Jun‐yan , Liu Jia‐li , Lai Wen‐hao , Shi Hai‐song , Yang Tian‐xiao , Wang Ya , Chan Raymond C. K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNegative association was found between the frontal theta/beta ratio and mind wandering in participants with high schizotypal traits, while no such association was found in participants with low schizotypal traits. These findings provide insights into the neural mechanism of mind wandering in individuals with high schizotypal traits.
Effects of lifestyle and its interaction with anemia on cognitive function in older adults: A longitudinal study
Authors: Yang Jia , Zhou Chen , Li Hui‐Jie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA better understanding of the impact of lifestyle factors on cognitive function in older adults is critical for developing intervention strategies to achieve successful aging. Moreover, older adults who fulfill the World Health Organization criteria for anemia have a significantly higher risk of developing dementia. In the current study, we aimed to assess the buffering effects of lifestyle on cognitive function in older Chinese adults through a nationally representative survey. The sample consisted of 1201 participants (mean age: 82.39 ± 12.08 years, 52.1% female) from the 2011/2012 and 2014 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to explore the relationship between changes in lifestyle factors and the rate of cognitive function changes, as well as the effects of the interaction between lifestyle factors and anemia on cognitive function changes. Increased levels of participation in leisure activities, social activities, and dietary diversity delayed cognitive decline. Persistent anemia accelerated cognitive decline, while frequent participation in leisure activities delayed cognitive decline due to anemia. The increased levels of participation in leisure activities, social activities, and dietary diversity can alleviate the cognitive decline caused by aging itself, and more frequently participation in leisure activities can also alleviate the adverse effects of anemia on cognitive function in older adults.
Transforming aggression into creativity: Creative thinking training as a new strategy for aggression intervention
Authors: Wu Jiaqi , Yang Yongqiang , Wu Xiaofei , Li Ziyi , Luo Jing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlthough reducing students' aggressive behaviors and improving their creativity are both important commitments of educators, they are usually treated independently as unrelated tasks. However, cumulative evidence suggests potential links between aggression and creativity, not only from the perspectives of personality traits and psychological development, but also from their shared cognitive mechanisms. This implies that there may be an approach to achieving these two goals through a single intervention. Moreover, this new approach may overcome the limitation of the usually adopted aggression intervention, which is limited in its regulatory effectiveness and might bring about some disadvantageous impacts on creativity that are closely associated with aggression. To test this possibility, the present study implemented a four‐session, 2‐week creative thinking training (CTT) intervention for students with high aggression scores to examine whether it could simultaneously downregulate aggression and increase creativity. Our results demonstrate that, compared to the control group, the intervention group experienced significant improvements in creativity and a reduction in aggression following the CTT intervention. Furthermore, our findings suggest that this regulatory effect can persist for up to 6 months. The CTT‐induced creativity change (increase) could significantly correlate with and predict the CTT‐induced aggression decrease, thus suggesting that the CTT could transform aggression into creativity.
Internet‐based cognitive behaviour therapy for the prevention, treatment and relapse prevention of eating disorders: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hamid Nilima 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEating disorders (EDs) are undertreated worldwide. In the UK the lag between recognition of symptoms and treatment ranges from about 15 months to in excess of 2 years. Internet‐based cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) could be a viable alternative to face‐to‐face cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) that avoids the negative impacts of delayed interventions. Based on evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs), this systematic review investigated the efficacy of minimally guided self‐help ICBT, without face‐to‐face therapy, for the prevention, treatment and relapse prevention of all types of EDs in adults. The electronic databases MEDLINE, PsychINFO, CENTRAL, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched between 1991 and 2021. Inclusion criteria specified RCTs with ICBT versus inactive comparison groups. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool‐2 was used for quality assessments. Qualitative synthesis and meta‐analyses were conducted. Findings typically showed medium significant beneficial effect sizes for prevention studies ranging from (−0.31 [95% CI: −0.57, −0.06] to −0.47 [95% CI: −0.82, −0.11]) and generally large effect sizes for the treatment studies ranging from (−0.30 [95% CI: −0.57, −0.03] to −1.11 [95% CI: −1.47, −0.75]). Relapse prevention studies yielded mainly small non‐significant beneficial effects with significant effect sizes of (−0.29 [95% CI: −0.56, −0.03] and −0.43 [95% CI: −0.70, −0.16]). Only the treatment studies reached clinical significance and cognitive symptoms improved more than behavioural symptoms. ICBT appears to be efficacious for the prevention, treatment and relapse prevention of eating disorders with treatment interventions being the most beneficial. However, the evidence base is very small, particularly for treatment and relapse prevention, indicating the need for more high‐quality RCTs.