bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Termite mounds on Land-Use inHumid-Forest and Derived-Savanna of Nigeria.
Authors: Oluleye A K , Ogunwole J O , Adeyemo A J , Shittu O S , Osakwea U C , Ogunleye K S , Omoju O , Ilo A S 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Few researches have been reported on the utilization of termite activity as it relates to the management of tropical and sub-tropical ecosystems. Effects of termite mounds, as influenced, by different agro-ecology and land use, were studied. Soil Samples were collected, from termitaria and their surroundings in the Humid-Rainforest and Derived Savanna, of Southeast Nigeria. The samples were evaluated for physical (Textural class)and chemical ( pH, Organic Carbon, Organic Matter, N, P,K, Ca, Na, Mg, Base Saturation, Exchangeable Al+ H, Ecec) properties. Data were Miyagawa, S., Koyama, Y., Kokubo M., Matsushita, Y. Adachin, S. Sivilay, N. Kawkubo, S. Oba. (2011) analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and means separated with Duncan Multiple Range Test at 0.05 probability level. Across agro-ecology physical properties of termitaria had higher Clay + Silt contents (Derived Savannah Clay 121.33+ Silt 246.13g kg-1, Rain Forest Clay 109.87 + Silt 62.76g kg-1)associated with good structure, increased water holding capacity with good drainage, than adjacent Soils (Clay 62.33+ Silt 42.56 g kg-1 ). There were non-significant (p<0.05) differences on land Use effects of termite mounds soil physical properties, with Escavated Land having highest Clay (111.53g kg-1) +Silt (382.40 g kg-1). Agro-ecology chemical properties showed increased organic matter, higher total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable calcium, magnesium and potassium, effective cation exchange capacity,(Derived Savannah 60.83 g kg-1, 2.42g kg-1, 21.45mg kg-1, 1.03, 0.96, 0.04 c mol kg-1 /kg, 3.94, Rain Forest 43.8 g kg-1, 3.98 g kg-1, 24.80 mg kg-1, 0.41, 0.52, 0.04 c mol kg-1, 3.10 respectively)than the adjacent or surrounding soils (8.66 g kg-1, 0.82 g kg-1, 13.15 mg kg-1, 0.05, 0.39, 0.02 c mol kg-1, 1.23 respectively). The available P varied between 6.21to 14.71 mg kg-1 , the highest P value 14.71 mg/kg being observed in the Graze Land termitaria than surrounding soils, of the land use systems. The physical and chemical properties termitaria are far better, significantly (p<0.05), across agro-ecology, with Humid Forest having, higher improvements, in contrast to Derived Savanna, while Escavated Land had the highest Clay+ Silt, with the highest P content recorded in the Graze Land. Improvements in physical and chemical properties of termitaria were attributed to the activities of termites. This Study examined variability in the physical and chemical properties of termitaria and the adjacent surrounding soils. The study revealed, termite mounds are enriched in mineral resources that can be used as organic amendments on sustainable basis. Farmers rather than taking a decision to remove completely termitaria, going by the revelation of this study, could be used to level the ground, for crop production.

Keywords: Chemical and Physical Properties, Ecosystem, Potentilas as fertilizer, Soil transformation, Termitarium
The IMPACT EVALUATION OF BABBAN GONA FRANCHISE ON PRODUCTIVITY OF SMALLHOLDER MAIZE FARMERS IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Adeniyi Saheed Temitope , Oladimeji Yusuf Usman , Ojeleye Oluwaseun Adebayo , Abubakar A. D 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study evaluated the impact of Babban Gona Franchise on the productivity of smallholder maize farmers in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select a total of 754 respondents comprising 377 each for participants and non-participants, respectively for the study. Data were collected by the use of interview schedule. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, data envelopment analysis (DEA), and propensity score matching (PSM). The results of DEA showed that only 20.9 and 4.9 % of participant and non-participant farms were found operating at optimal scale. Majority of the respondents were found to be technically, allocatively and economically inefficient. Using nearest neighbor matching (NNM), the PSM revealed that participation in Babban Gona Franchise had a positive and significant impact on productivity of the farmers. The result revealed that participant realized 2057.82 kg/ha compared to non-participant with 1747 kg/ha. The difference in yield amount to 309.86 kg/ha which was statistically significant at 1% level of probability level. On the average, the participant obtained a yield of 3.7 tonnes/hectare against non-participant of 1.7 tonnes/hectares of land. This suggest that participant farmers had a positive impact on the productivity of the farmers. The study recommended that capacity development for field agents on knowledge transfer to farmers should be enhanced. Concerted efforts should be made to extend the services of Babban Gona to female folks. The scale of farm production should be increased thereby decreasing cost, given that majority of farms were operating at sub-optimal level. Other forms of contract farming models with potential impact should also be explored.
ATIVIDADE FÍSICA E SAÚDE CARDIOVASCULAR: ESTRATÉGIAS DE COMBATE AO INFARTO AGUDO DO MIOCÁRDIO – REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Santos Aerton Medeiros , Souza Ana Paula Alves , Vaz Joice de Andrade , Fernandes Karla Juliana Silva , Braz Leandro Uchoa , Cajá Regiane de Sousa , Tourinho Luciano de Oliveira Souza 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, associated with risk factors such as sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and poor diet. Physical activity is a fundamental strategy for the prevention and recovery of AMI, being essential for ensuring health.Objectives. The general objective of this study is to analyze how physical activity can contribute to the prevention and recovery of AMI. Specific objectives include identifying the most effective types of exercises and understanding their beneficial effects on cardiovascular health.Justification. This study is relevant to public health, as it can contribute to the development of preventive strategies to help reduce AMI incidence. Additionally, it aims to provide useful information for clinical practice and improve patients' quality of life through cardiovascular rehabilitation programs.Methodology. The research was conducted through a systematic review of the literature, using the PubMed and Scielo databases. Studies published in the last 10 years, analyzing the effects of physical activity on the prevention and recovery of AMI, were selected.Results and Discussion. After the initial screening of 1,024 articles, 10 relevant studies were selected. The results indicate that aerobic exercises and resistance training offer significant benefits in preventing cardiovascular risk factors and rehabilitating post-infarction patients. Furthermore, international guidelines emphasize the importance of supervised exercise for AMI patients. Conclusion. Therefore, regular physical activity, when properly guided, significantly reduces the risk of AMI and contributes to the recovery of patients who have already experienced an infarction. Thus, this study provides an important foundation for the development of strategies and public health programs that promote cardiovascular health.
Cuidados Paliativos, Luto e Saúde Pública: Estratégias para o Acolhimento e Suporte às Famílias enlutadas no SUS
Authors: Liberato Liciane Peixoto Costa , Fernandes Ingridy Tayane Gonçalves Pires 
Published: January 2025

Introdução: O luto é um processo natural que pode ter impactos significativos na saúde mental e emocional das famílias enlutadas. No contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), a assistência a essas famílias deve ser integrada aos cuidados paliativos, promovendo suporte e acolhimento adequados. A humanização da saúde pública exige estratégias eficazes para minimizar os efeitos adversos do luto e garantir um atendimento mais sensível e eficiente. Objetivo: Analisar a importância dos cuidados paliativos e das estratégias de acolhimento às famílias enlutadas no SUS. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi desenvolvida por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica baseada em artigos científicos, capítulos de livros e dissertações sobre cuidados paliativos e suporte ao luto no SUS. Resultados e Discussões: O suporte ao luto no SUS ainda é limitado, sendo necessário fortalecer políticas públicas voltadas à assistência integral das famílias enlutadas. A implementação de programas de escuta ativa, acompanhamento psicológico e capacitação profissional pode contribuir para um atendimento mais humanizado. Considerações Finais: A incorporação do acolhimento ao luto como parte dos cuidados paliativos é essencial para a melhoria da assistência prestada pelo SUS. Investir na formação de profissionais e na ampliação de redes de apoio pode resultar em resultados positivo na qualidade de vida das famílias enlutadas. Dessa forma, o fortalecimento dessas estratégias contribui para um sistema de saúde mais inclusivo e humanizado.
Editorial: January 2025 Issue of International Journal of Bridge Engineering, Management and Research (IJBEMR)
Authors: Agrawal Anil 
Published: January 2025

It is my pleasure to publish the Janyuary issue (1st issue) of Vol. 2 of the International Journal of Bridge engineering, Management and Research. You can find detailed information about the journal in the inaugural issue of the journal in Agrawal (2024)]. In this issue of the journal, we are pleased to bring to you eight papers in innovative areas of bridge engineering.
Gambaran Kematangan Karir Anak Binaan Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak (LPKA)
Authors: Wulandari Anastasia , Maslihah Sri , Kosasih Ismawati , Zulnida Eka Fauziyya 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh banyaknya anak binaan LPKA yang memutuskan bekerja setelah menyelesaikan masa pembinaan di LPKA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kematangan karir anak binaan LPKA. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di LPKA Kelas II Bandung dengan sampel sebanyak 20 anak binaan yang akan menyelesaikan masa pembinaan dalam 3-6 bulan lagi. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dan wawancara untuk menggali kematangan karir anak binaan. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner kematangan karir dan dilanjutkan dengan wawancara kepada 9 orang anak binaan. Hasil pengolahan data deskriptif kematangan karir anak binaan didapati 15 % berada pada kategori sangat rendah, 40% rendah, 40% tinggi dan 5 % kategori sangat tinggi. Data tersebut menunjukkan bahwa anak dengan kategori kematangan karir rendah dan tinggi menunjukkan jumlah yang sama. Hasil wawancara pada 9 orang anak yang berada pada kategori tinggi, rendah dan sangat rendah menunjukkan bahwa anak pada kategori tinggi umumnya sudah mampu menyatakan karir yang ingin dicapainya di masa yang akan datang, sementara anak dengan kategori rendah masih ragu dengan karir yang ingin dicapainya. Baik anak dengan kategori tinggi maupun rendah mampu mengenali potensi atau kelebihan yang dimilikinya.

Kata kunci: kematangan karir; anak binaan; LPKA
The legal foundations of the Francoist regime
Authors: Manin Iaroslav V. , Burenko Konstantin Andreevich 
Published: January 2025

The object of the study is the legal aspect of the Francoist political regime as an element of the form of the state (public relations in the field of governance of Francoist Spain), the subject is regulatory legal acts expressing the existing political system in the state. The authors of the article studied the regime of Francisco Franco and revealed its legislative framework, revealing the legal nature of authoritarianism in a single country, Spain, pointing to the concealment of the authoritarian nature of the dictatorship by democratic laws, as well as the abuse of the right to impose martial law or other emergency forms legalizing the usurpation of power. The relevance of the research topic lies in the possibility of using methods of legislative consolidation of a political structure, as well as substantiating the authoritarian legal nature of specific political regimes, forecasting prospects and modeling the development of dictatorships. The research is relevant for legal theorists and practitioners who substantiate the foundations of the constitutional order of states. The authors considered not the political, but the legal side of the rule of the Spanish speaker, introduced into scientific circulation new information about the norms of Spanish law of the Francoist period of the history of the relevant state. The methodological basis of the research is made of general scientific (comparison, analysis, synthesis, analogy, deduction, induction, and others) and special (formal logical, interpretation of law, and others), historical-legal, systemic, and other methods of cognition. The scientific novelty of the work is due to the analysis of the "Fundamental Laws of the Kingdom." The authors note that the law on succession to the throne provided for the possibility of the usurpation of supreme power in Spain by the Regency Council after the death of Francisco Franco. The purpose of the study is to identify legal methods of consolidating the authoritarian regime. The objectives of the research include the study of the normative legal acts that established the regime of Francisco Franco in Spain, as well as the relevant Russian and foreign doctrine on the topic of the scientific article. The fundamental laws of the Kingdom established the regime of Francisco Franco: a personalistic autocracy, making it stable for the duration of the dictator's life, while at the same time determining its gradual design and transformation in the future. The Francoist regime finally took shape by 1967 with the adoption of the Organic Law of the State, the last of the Fundamental Laws of the Kingdom, which came into force during the lifetime of the authoritarian leader.
UltraTimTrack: a Kalman-filter-based algorithm to track muscle fascicles in ultrasound image sequences
Authors: van der Zee Tim J. , Tecchio Paolo , Hahn Daniel , Raiteri Brent J. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Brightness-mode (B-mode) ultrasound is a valuable tool to non-invasively image skeletal muscle architectural changes during movement, but automatically tracking muscle fascicles remains a major challenge. Existing fascicle tracking algorithms either require time-consuming drift corrections or yield noisy estimates that require post-processing. We therefore aimed to develop an algorithm that tracks fascicles without drift and with low noise across a range of experimental conditions and image acquisition settings.

Methods
We applied a Kalman filter to combine fascicle length and fascicle angle estimates from existing and openly-available UltraTrack and TimTrack algorithms into a hybrid algorithm called UltraTimTrack. We applied the hybrid algorithm to ultrasound image sequences collected from the human medial gastrocnemius of healthy individuals (N = 8, four women), who performed cyclical submaximal plantar flexion contractions or remained at rest during passive ankle joint rotations at given frequencies and amplitudes whilst seated in a dynamometer chair. We quantified the algorithm’s tracking accuracy, noise, and drift as the respective mean, cycle-to-cycle variability, and accumulated between-contraction variability in fascicle length and fascicle angle. We expected UltraTimTrack’s estimates to be less noisy than TimTrack’s estimates and to drift less than UltraTrack’s estimates across a range of conditions and image acquisition settings.

Results
The proposed algorithm yielded low-noise estimates like UltraTrack and was drift-free like TimTrack across the broad range of conditions we tested. Over 120 cyclical contractions, fascicle length and fascicle angle deviations of UltraTimTrack accumulated to 2.1 ± 1.3 mm (mean ± sd) and 0.8 ± 0.7 deg, respectively. This was considerably less than UltraTrack (67.0 ± 59.3 mm, 9.3 ± 8.6 deg) and similar to TimTrack (1.9 ± 2.2 mm, 0.9 ± 1.0 deg). Average cycle-to-cycle variability of UltraTimTrack was 1.4 ± 0.4 mm and 0.6 ± 0.3 deg, which was similar to UltraTrack (1.1 ± 0.3 mm, 0.5 ± 0.1 deg) and less than TimTrack (3.5 ± 1.0 mm, 1.4 ± 0.5 deg). UltraTimTrack was less affected by experimental conditions and image acquisition settings than its parent algorithms. It also yielded similar or lower root-mean-square deviations from manual tracking for previously published image sequences (fascicle length: 2.3–2.6 mm, fascicle angle: 0.8–0.9 deg) compared with a recently-proposed hybrid algorithm (4.7 mm, 0.9 deg), and the recently-proposed DL_Track algorithm (3.8 mm, 3.9 deg). Furthermore, UltraTimTrack’s processing time (0.2 s per image) was at least five times shorter than that of these recently-proposed algorithms.

Conclusion
We developed a Kalman-filter-based algorithm to improve fascicle tracking from B-mode ultrasound image sequences. The proposed algorithm provides low-noise, drift-free estimates of muscle architectural changes that may better inform muscle function interpretations.
Knowledge and Perception of HealthCare Workers on Antibiotic Resistance and Predictors of Antibiotic Prescription in Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Nwagbo Ambrose Nnaemeka , Oloyede Taofik Ademola , Anyebe Emmanuel Ejembi , Anyebe Emmanuel Edache , Sani Nasiru , David Daniel Aondona , Asheku Akwaras Nndunno , Nzelu Ifeoma Nancy , Woziri Abubakar Ojone , Bello Ruth Nabe 
Published: January 2025

Aim: The present study was aimed to assess the knowledge gaps in healthcare professionals on antibiotic resistance and determine the predictors of antibiotic prescription in Benue State, Nigeria
Study Design: Using a facility-based cross-sectional study,
Place and Duration of the Study: Randomly selected three primary health care facilities, three secondary health care facilities and three Tertiary health care facilities in Benue State Nigeria from January 2023 to December, 2024
Purpose of the Study: The main purpose of this study is to assess the level of knowledge as regards to antibiotic prescription, determine the antibiotic, determines the perception about antibiotic resistance and also determine the factors influencing antibiotics prescription among the multidisciplinary health workers.
Methods: A total of 427 healthcare workers (HCW) were administered pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaires in this multi-stage descriptive cross-sectional study.
Results: The mean age of participants was 37.27±9.41 years, with majority (73.3%) having good knowledge on antibiotic prescription. About 55% of participants had good perception of antibiotic resistance, with 13.7% prescribing metronidazole. Participants agreed that safety (72.8%), severity of disease (86.7%), accessibility of antibiotic by patients (79.6%), standard treatment guidelines (77.8%), effectiveness of antibiotics (86.2%), and antibiotic resistance concerns (88.1%), respectively, influenced their choices of prescription. Physicians had the highest proportion of prescription of antibiotic (98%), and participants with negative perception of antibiotic resistance had the highest proportion (84.8%) of prescription of antibiotic. Furthermore, the logistic regression model was statistically significant (p < 0.0001), with physicians and participants who agreed that accessibility to antibiotic by patients being 2.57 times more likely to prescribe antibiotics.
Conclusion: The present study showed that HCWs in Tertiary facilities have better knowledge on antibiotic prescription and perception of antibiotic resistance. However, the secondary and primary health care facilities recorded knowledge gap on antibiotic prescription and perception of antibiotic resistance. With the hope of compliance to global best practices, we recommend that healthcare workers in Benue state especially in secondary and primary health care facilities should avoid indiscriminate prescription of antimicrobials, and patients should only consult with trained HCW for drug prescription and dispensing.
Newborn Health and Child Mortality Across England
Authors: Odd David , Williams Tom , Stoianova Sylvia , Rossouw Grace , Fleming Peter , Luyt Karen 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceAlthough the immediate impact of neonatal illness is well recognized, its wider and longer term outcomes on childhood mortality and the role of specific illnesses across childhood are unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate how many deaths in childhood are associated with neonatal illness and the underlying conditions of the children who died.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based cohort study of children who died before age 10 years in England between April 1, 2019, and March 31, 2021, used data from the National Child Mortality Database. Data analysis was performed from September 2022 to May 2023.ExposureChildren who received care in a neonatal unit after birth plus those who died in the first day of life, before admission to a neonatal unit, were considered to have likely neonatal illness.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the relative risk (RR) of dying, stratified by likely neonatal illness and specific neonatal conditions. Comparisons were made using the χ2 or likelihood ratio test, as appropriate.ResultsA total of 4829 children were included (median [IQR] age at death, 28 [2-274] days; 2606 boys [54.8%]; 2690 White children [64.0%]). Overall, 3456 children who died (71.6%) had evidence of likely neonatal illness. Children with neonatal illness were more likely to die before their tenth birthday than those without evidence of neonatal illness (RR, 13.82; 95% CI, 13.00-14.71). The estimated population-attributable risk fraction for neonatal illness among all deaths before age 10 years was 66.4% (95% CI, 64.9%-67.9%). Children with preceding neonatal illness who died were more likely to have underlying behavioral or developmental disorders (odds ratio [OR], 3.31; 95% CI, 2.47-4.42), chronic neurological disease (OR, 3.00; 95% CI, 2.51-3.58), and chronic respiratory disease (OR, 3.01; 95% CI, 2.43-3.73) than children without neonatal illness.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, most children who died before age 10 years had some evidence of neonatal illness, and they died of a range of causes, including infections and sudden, unexpected, unexplained death. These findings suggest that improvements to perinatal morbidity, an area with an existing evidence base for improvement, may have important impacts on child health across the next decade.