bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematically Measuring Ultra-diffuse Galaxies (SMUDGes). VI. Nuclear Star Clusters
Authors: Lambert Mika , Khim Donghyeon J. , Zaritsky Dennis , Donnerstein Richard 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present our photometric search for potential nuclear star clusters (NSCs) in ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) as an extension of the SMUDGes catalog. We identify 325 SMUDGes galaxies with NSCs and, from the 144 with existing distance estimates, identify 33 NSC hosts as UDGs (μ
0,g
≥ 24 mag arcsec−2, r

e
≥ 1.5 kpc). The SMUDGes with NSCs lie on the galaxy red sequence, satisfy the relationship between NSC and host galaxy stellar masses, have a mean NSC stellar mass fraction of 0.02 but reach as high as 0.1, have NSCs that are displaced from the host center with a standard deviation of 0.10r

e
, and weakly favor higher-density environments. All of these properties are consistent with previous results from higher surface brightness galaxy samples, allowing for at most a relatively weak dependence of NSC behavior on host galaxy surface brightness.
Robust Detrending of Spatially Correlated Systematics in Kepler Light Curves Using Low-rank Methods
Authors: Taaki Jamila S. , Kemball Athol J. , Kamalabadi Farzad 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Light curves produced by wide-field exoplanet transit surveys such as CoRoT, Kepler, and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite are affected by sensor-wide systematic noise, which is correlated both spatiotemporally and with other instrumental parameters such as the photometric magnitude. Robust and effective systematics mitigation is necessary to achieve the level of photometric accuracy required to detect exoplanet transits and to faithfully recover other forms of intrinsic astrophysical variability. We demonstrate the feasibility of a new exploratory algorithm to remove spatially correlated systematic noise and detrend light curves obtained from wide-field transit surveys. This spatial systematics algorithm is data-driven and fits a low-rank linear model for the systematics conditioned on a total-variation spatial constraint. The total-variation constraint models spatial systematic structure across the sensor on a foundational level. The fit is performed using gradient descent applied to, a variable reduced least-squares penalty and a modified form of total-variation prior; both the systematics basis vectors and their weighting coefficients are iteratively varied. The algorithm was numerically evaluated against a reference principal component analysis, using both signal injection on a selected Kepler dataset, as well as full simulations within the same Kepler coordinate framework. We develop our algorithm to reduce the overfitting of astrophysical variability over longer signal timescales (days) while performing comparably relative to the reference method for exoplanet transit timescales. The algorithm performance and application are assessed, and future development is outlined.
HESS J1809-193: Gamma-Ray Emission by Cosmic Rays from a Past Explosion
Authors: Boxi Sovan , Gupta Nayantara 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The very-high-energy γ-ray source HESS J1809-193 has been detected by the LHAASO and HAWC observatory beyond 100 TeV energy. It is an interesting candidate for exploring the underlying mechanisms of γ-ray production due to the presence of supernova remnants, pulsars, and molecular clouds close to it. We have considered the injection of the energetic cosmic rays from a past explosion, whose reminiscent may be SNR G011.0-00.0, which is located within the extended γ-ray source HESS J1809-193. We explain the multiwavelength data from the region of HESS J1809-193 with synchrotron, inverse Compton, and bremsstrahlung emission of cosmic-ray electrons and secondary γ-ray production in interactions of cosmic-ray protons with the cold protons in the local molecular clouds within a time-dependent framework including the diffusion loss of cosmic rays. The observational data have been modeled with the secondary photons produced by the time-evolved cosmic-ray spectrum assuming the age of the explosion is 4500 yr.
Buzzard to Cardinal: Improved Mock Catalogs for Large Galaxy Surveys
Authors: To Chun-Hao , DeRose Joseph , Wechsler Risa H. , Rykoff Eli , Wu Hao-Yi , Adhikari Susmita , Krause Elisabeth , Rozo Eduardo , Weinberg David H. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present the Cardinal mock galaxy catalogs, a new version of the Buzzard simulation that has been updated to support ongoing and future cosmological surveys, including the Dark Energy Survey (DES), DESI, and LSST. These catalogs are based on a one-quarter sky simulation populated with galaxies out to a redshift of z = 2.35 to a depth of m
r = 27. Compared to the Buzzard mocks, the Cardinal mocks include an updated subhalo abundance matching model that considers orphan galaxies and includes mass-dependent scatter between galaxy luminosity and halo properties. This model can simultaneously fit galaxy clustering and group–galaxy cross-correlations measured in three different luminosity threshold samples. The Cardinal mocks also feature a new color assignment model that can simultaneously fit color-dependent galaxy clustering in three different luminosity bins. We have developed an algorithm that uses photometric data to further improve the color assignment model and have also developed a novel method to improve small-scale lensing below the ray-tracing resolution. These improvements enable the Cardinal mocks to accurately reproduce the abundance of galaxy clusters and the properties of lens galaxies in the DES data. As such, these simulations will be a valuable tool for future cosmological analyses based on large sky surveys.
Simulating the Detection of the Global 21 cm Signal with MIST for Different Models of the Soil and Beam Directivity
Authors: Monsalve Raul A. , Bye Christian H. , Sievers Jonathan L. , Bidula Vadym , Bustos Ricardo , Chiang H. Cynthia , Guo Xinze , Hendricksen Ian , McGee Francis , Mena F. Patricio , Prabhakar Garima , Restrepo Oscar , Thyagarajan Nithyanandan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Mapper of the IGM Spin Temperature (MIST) is a new ground-based, single-antenna, radio experiment attempting to detect the global 21 cm signal from the Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn. A significant challenge in this measurement is the frequency dependence, or chromaticity, of the antenna beam directivity. MIST observes with the antenna above the soil and without a metal ground plane, and the beam directivity is sensitive to the electrical characteristics of the soil. In this paper, we use simulated observations with MIST to study how the detection of the global 21 cm signal from Cosmic Dawn is affected by the soil and the MIST beam directivity. We simulate observations using electromagnetic models of the directivity computed for single- and two-layer models of the soil. We test the recovery of the Cosmic Dawn signal with and without beam chromaticity correction applied to the simulated data. We find that our single-layer soil models enable a straightforward recovery of the signal even without chromaticity correction. Two-layer models increase the beam chromaticity and make the recovery more challenging. However, for the model in which the bottom soil layer has a lower electrical conductivity than the top layer, the signal can be recovered even without chromaticity correction. For the other two-layer models, chromaticity correction is necessary for the recovery of the signal, and the accuracy requirements for the soil parameters vary between models. These results will be used as a guideline to select observation sites that are favorable for the detection of the Cosmic Dawn signal.
Jovian Electrons in the Inner Heliosphere: Opportunities for Multi-spacecraft Observations and Modeling
Authors: Strauss R. D. , Dresing N. , Engelbrecht N. E. , Mitchell J. G. , Kühl P. , Jensen S. , Fleth S. , Sánchez-Cano B. , Posner A. , Rankin J. S , Lee C. O. , van den Berg J. P. , Ferreira S. E. S. , Heber B. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper we explore the idea of using multi-spacecraft observations of Jovian electrons to measure the 3D distribution of these particles in the inner heliosphere. We present simulations of Jovian electron intensities along selected spacecraft trajectories for 2021 and compare these, admittedly qualitatively, to these measurements. Using the data–model comparison we emphasize how such a study can be used to constrain the transport parameters in the inner heliosphere, and how this can lead to additional insight into energetic particle transport. Model results are also shown along the expected trajectories of selected spacecraft, including the off-ecliptic phase of the Solar Orbiter mission from 2025 onward. Lastly, we revisit the use of historical data and discuss upcoming missions that may contribute to Jovian electron measurements.
Contribution à l´étude du vocabulaire ancien du ḥassāniyya d´après quelques textes du dīwān de Saddūm Wuld Nd̆aṛtu (1122-1227 / 1710-1812)
Authors: Ould Mohamed Baba Ahmed Salem 
Published: January 2024

[fr] La présente étude a pour but de contribuer, par l´examen des textes du dīwān du plus ancien poète populaire mauritanien connu, Saddūm Wuld Nd̆aṛtu, à identifier le vocabulaire ancien et à en expliquer la signification. Nous interrogeons ce dīwān en tant qu´ unique témoin conservé de l´époque de l´auteur (18ème siècle) pour qu´il nous aide à identifier dans ses poèmes les mots anciens qui sont depuis longtemps tombés en désuétude et sont aujourd´hui considérés comme des archaïsmes, des termes étranges ou peu familiers à la plupart des locuteurs ou à tous. L´étude comprend, d´une part une description du contexte historique dans lequel vivait le poète et, d´autre part, une brève présentation du contenu du dīwān, avant d´aborder le sujet principal, à savoir le vocabulaire ancien du ḥassāniyya contenu dans l´ouvrage. Quant aux caractéristiques communes de ce vocabulaire, il convient de noter l´abondance de termes issus du champ lexical de la guerre (batailles, armes, chevaux, etc.).
L’église abbatiale Saint-Martin de Chapaize
Authors: Guerreau Alain 
Published: January 2024

Les quelques travaux consacrés jusqu’ici à Saint-Martin de Chapaize sont loin d’avoir épuisé la matière. Une recherche approfondie dans les documents écrits, édités et inédits, a permis de revoir radicalement l’histoire de cet édifice. Une petite abbaye fut créée, probablement aux alentours de 700, à proximité d’un ancien lieu de culte antique, au milieu d’une zone forestière. Ce fut seulement au xiiie siècle qu’elle devint un prieuré de l’abbaye chalonnaise de Saint-Pierre. L’édifice actuel, construit au-dessus d’un bâtiment antérieur, date probablement de la seconde moitié du xe siècle. Dans son premier état, il comportait une nef voûtée d’arêtes ; le clocher, renforcé par plusieurs niveaux de cerclage en bois, ne reçut le second étage de fenêtres que dans un second temps. Au xiiie siècle, peut-être à la suite du nouveau rattachement, fut installé un portail de prestige, peint et muni de plantureux vantaux de fer forgé, toujours en place.
Organisations de santé et approches des inégalités. La prévention des cancers
Authors: Sampic Maureen 
Published: January 2024

Depuis 2006 en France, le vaccin anti-HPV (papillomavirus) est recommandé et remboursé pour toutes les jeunes filles dès l’âge de 11 ans. En 2019, l’HAS (Haute Autorité de Santé) a décidé d’élargir cette vaccination à tous les enfants, filles et garçons. De quelle manière ce changement va-t-il être accompagné par les organisations de promotion de la santé, en particulier par le CRCDC OC (Centre Régional de Coordination du dépistage des cancers occitanie) ? Dans quelle mesure cette décision gouvernementale tardive témoigne-t-elle d’une ignorance ou de représentations genrées de la maladie ? Nous analysons cette transition d’un point de vue info-communicationnel, en comparant les directives nationales inscrites dans les discours institutionnels avec les discours des acteurs de terrain chargés de faire appliquer cette réforme de santé.
Sensorimotor and proprioceptive exercise programs to improve balance in older adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Pšeničnik Sluga Silvo , Kozinc Ziga 
Published: January 2024

The primary aim of this study was to systematically review and meta-analyze the impact of sensorimotor and proprioceptive exercises on balance in older adults. We also sought to define how researchers describe proprioceptive and sensory-motor training and their respective protocols. The review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, with searches performed in March 2023. Both authors carried out independent searches using the PubMed and PEDro databases. From a total of 320 identified records, 12 studies were deemed eligible for meta-analysis after screening and removal of duplicates. The average PEDro score was 5.11 ± 1.11 indicating overall fair quality of studies. Common outcome measures included the Berg balance scale, Timed up and go test, Tinetti balance scale, Functional reach test and various single-leg stance tests. All outcomes were significantly improved by the interventions (standard mean difference = 0.65 – 1.29), with little difference between proprioceptive and sensorimotor training. However, the quality of evidence ranged from “very low” to “low” based on GRADE guidelines, suggesting further high-quality studies are needed. This review underscores the potential benefits of sensorimotor and proprioceptive exercises for enhancing balance in older adults, while also highlighting the ambiguity and inconsistency regarding the usage of the terms proprioceptive and sensorimotor training.
In vitro comparative evaluation of apical leakage using a bioceramic sealer with three different obturating techniques: A glucose leakage model
Authors: Agrawal Tanvi S , Singh Shishir , Podar Rajesh S , Kulkarni Gaurav , Gadkari Anuprita , Agarwal Navin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Context:
Bioceramic sealers have improved sealing ability by forming an interfacial apatite layer that chemically bonds the sealer and radicular dentin thus decrease apical leakage.

Aim:
This study aims to evaluate and compare the apical leakage of Cerafill RCS bioceramic sealer and gutta percha when used with three different obturating techniques.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty-four extracted single-rooted premolars were decoronated and prepared up to size F3. Then, the specimens were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups (n = 10) cold lateral obturation technique, warm vertical obturation technique, single-cone obturation technique, positive and negative control groups (n = 2), according to the obturation technique used along with a bioceramic sealer. To evaluate apical leakage, all specimens were mounted in a glucose leakage model and assessed at 7 and 14 days using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.

Statistical Analysis:
The results were subjected to ANOVA/Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA; followed by post hoc analysis using Bonferroni correction.

Results:
Significant differences were found in the cumulative leakage of all the three experimental groups. Significantly higher leakage was found in groups obturated using single-cone obturation technique as compared to warm vertical compaction technique at both 7 and 14 days.

Conclusions:
Warm vertical compaction showed a better sealing result than single-cone obturation techniques at all observation periods.
In vitro comparison to study the antimicrobial effect of silver nanoparticles gel and its various combinants as an intracanal medicament against Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Jhamb Swaty , Singla Ruchi , Kaur Amandeep , Sharma Jyoti , Bhushan Jagat 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
Endodontic infections have been clearly described as biofilm-mediated infections. Bacteria and their by-products have been known to cause these infections. With the introduction of new drugs and the use of nanoparticles in recent times, there has been a significant reduction in the bacterial load in endodontic infections.

Aims and Objectives:
The in vitro study focuses on checking the antibacterial efficacy of silver nanoparticles and its combination with other medicaments against the root canal pathogen – Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis).

Methodology:
In the present study, 140 extracted human teeth were used. The teeth were sectioned, and biomechanical preparation was done. The root canals of the extracted teeth were inoculated with the culture of E. faecalis. The teeth were divided into six groups based on the intracanal medicament used:

Group 1 – Silver nanocure gelGroup 2 – Silver nanocure gel + Cavisept gel (1:1)Group 3 - Silver nanocure gel + Aveu-Cal gel (1:1)Group 4 – Silver nanocure gel + Cavisept gel + Aveu-Cal gel (1:1:1)Group 5 - Positive control (specimens were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis and left untreated to confirm the presence of infection)Group 6 - Negative control (no bacterial contamination of specimens).

The colony-forming units were recorded after 48 h of incubation.

Results:
The statistical analysis of the colony-forming units was done using the Kruskal–Wallis tests. Silver nanocure gel + Cavisept gel + Aveu-Cal gel (1:1:1) showed the least colony-forming units.

Conclusion:
The present study is an in vitro study, in which we concluded that the combination of all the intracanal medicaments is the best for the elimination of E. faecalis biofilm from the root canal. The above findings need to be tested in vivo also.
Comparative analysis of novel heat-treated retreatment file system on the removal of obturating material using nano-computed tomography
Authors: Sairaman Sruthi , Solete Pradeep , Jeevanandan Ganesh , Antony S. Delphine Priscilla , Kavoor Sowmya , Adimulapu Hima Sandeep 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The aim of nonsurgical retreatment is to remove the previous filling material followed by chemo-mechanical preparation of the canal to achieve proper disinfection of the root canal system. This is then followed by re-obturation. This study evaluates the time taken to retrieve the gutta-percha and the quantity of remaining filling material after retreatment with two different file systems. The quantity of remaining filling material was assessed using nano-computed tomography (CT) due to its increased accuracy.

Materials and Methods:
Forty extracted single-rooted teeth were split into two groups at random and decoronated and obturated at a standard root length of 16 mm. Solite RS3 (SRS-3) Retreatment and ProTaper Universal Retreatment (PTUR) systems were used to retrieve the gutta-percha after a preoperative nano-CT scan. Postoperative nano-CT scan was taken and both the scans were superimposed to quantify the remaining filling material. The time taken to remove gutta-percha was measured using a stopwatch. The statistical analysis comparing the two groups was conducted using the independent t-test.

Results:
The quantitative analysis of remaining filling material using nano-CT showed no statistical difference between both the file systems used (P > 0.05). However, SRS-3 took significantly less time in the removal of gutta-percha (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Hence, we can conclude that there is no significant difference in the amount of remaining filling material between both the file systems. However, time taken to remove the gutta-percha was lesser in SRS-3 compared to PTUR file system.
A Prospective Observational Study on Drug Utilization in Renal Impaired Patients at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Saggu Varunsingh , Patel Dhwani , Sajan Cyril , Rajput Hemraj Singh , Hadia Rajesh 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Renal impairment is characterized by a progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate, a significant public health issue worldwide associated with high morbidity and mortality. In most cases, renal impairment is associated with comorbidities such as hypertension and diabetes, which require multiple drug therapy during a course of treatment, leading to polypharmacy.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to assess the prescribing pattern of drugs in renal-impaired patients at Dhiraj General Hospital.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 150 patients with renal impairment were finally recruited after strictly obeying the selection criteria in this cross-sectional, observational study conducted over 6 months in a tertiary care teaching hospital, directorate general of hydrocarbons. Relevant data were extracted by interviewing the patients and from prescriptions, case records, and investigational reports.

Results:
Of the total 150 patients, 94 (63%) were male and 56 (37%) female. The highest numbers of patients were in the age group >60 years (59 patients, 39.3%). Anemia was the most common comorbidity (143 patients, 95%) observed, followed by hypertension (129 patients, 86%) and diabetes mellitus (64 patients, 43%). A total of 1693 drugs were prescribed to 150 renal-impaired patients. Each patient received an average of 11.19 ± 3.51 (8%) drugs. Polypharmacy was seen in all patients. Drugs acting on the cardiovascular system constituted the bulk of the prescriptions (25.87%), followed by gastrointestinal (GI) drugs (18.72%), vitamins and minerals (14.94%), and antibiotics (8.33%).

Conclusion:
There is polypharmacy in patients with renal impairment due to associated comorbidities. The prevalence of polypharmacy was high in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Antihypertensive drugs, drugs used for the GI system, antibiotics, and antidiabetic drugs were frequently used in CKD patients.
Comparison of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin-based prognostic models on the clinical outcomes of gestational trophoblastic disease patients in the Philippines
Authors: Sy Alvin Duke R. , Cagayan Maria Stephanie Fay Samadan 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE:
Despite the widespread use and measurement of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) among hydatidiform mole (HM) patients, models derived from this biomarker to predict the remission or postmolar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) rarely perform well. The study aimed to generate cutoff points for postevacuation β-HCG levels and evaluate their performance among women with complete molar pregnancies.

METHODS:
A retrospective cohort study composed of women with complete HM underwent bivariate procedures comparing characteristics between the comparison groups. Cut points using Liu's and Youden's indices were estimated, and their performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Cox regression to compare time-to-progression across these proposed β-HCG cutoffs was also performed.

RESULTS:
The incidence of postmolar GTN among the 155 women in the study was 15.5% (95% confidence interval: 10.2%–22.2%). Postevacuation HCG levels had a better prediction of disease status than preevacuation and HCG ratio models (χ
2: 163.07, P < 0.01). A cutoff at 508 mIU/mL the 3rd-week postevacuation (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.89, sensitivity: 87.5%, specificity: 90.1%) was comparable with the 185 mIU/mL cutoff at the 5th-week postevacuation (AUC: 0.89, sensitivity: 91.7%, specificity: 87%). The hazards ratio of postmolar GTN was 29.74 (8.53–103.71) and 39.89 (8.82–180.38) for the 3rd and 5th weeks HCG after evacuation adjusting for clinically relevant variables.

CONCLUSION:
The first 3rd- and 5th-week postevacuation levels of β-HCG demonstrated potential in predicting postmolar GTN. However, further refinement and adjustment for clinically relevant risk factors are still needed.