bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous superconducting diode effect in non-magnetic Nb/Ru/Sr2RuO4 topological junctions
Authors: Anwar Muhammad Shahbaz , Nakamura Taketomo , Ishiguro Ryosuke , Arif Shafaq , Robinson Jason W. A. , Yonezawa Shingo , Sigrist Manfred , Maeno Yoshiteru 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNon-reciprocal electronic transport in a material occurs if both time reversal and inversion symmetries are broken. The superconducting diode effect (SDE) is an exotic manifestation of this type of behavior where the critical current for positive and negative currents are mismatched, as recently observed in some non-centrosymmetric superconductors with a magnetic field. Here, we demonstrate a SDE in non-magnetic Nb/Ru/Sr2RuO4 Josephson junctions without applying an external magnetic field. The cooling history dependence of the SDE suggests that time-reversal symmetry is intrinsically broken by the superconducting phase of Sr2RuO4. Applied magnetic fields modify the SDE dynamically by randomly changing the sign of the non-reciprocity. We propose a model for such a topological junction with a conventional superconductor surrounded by a chiral superconductor with broken time reversal symmetry.
Topological classification for intersection singularities of exceptional surfaces in pseudo-Hermitian systems
Authors: Jia Hongwei , Zhang Ruo-Yang , Hu Jing , Xiao Yixin , Zhang Shuang , Zhu Yifei , Chan C. T. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNon-Hermitian systems are known for their intriguing topological properties, which underpin various exotic physical phenomena. Exceptional points, in particular, play a pivotal role in fine-tuning these systems for optimal device functionality and material characteristics. These points can give rise to exceptional surfaces with embedded lower-dimensional non-isolated singularities. Here we introduce a topological classification for non-defective intersection lines of exceptional surfaces, where exceptional surfaces intersect transversally. We achieve this classification by constructing a quotient space of an order-parameter space under equivalence relations of eigenstates. We unveil that the fundamental group of these gapless structures is a non-Abelian group on three generators. This classification not only reveals a unique form of non-Hermitian gapless phases featuring a chain of non-defective intersection lines but also predicts the unexpected existence of topological edge states in one-dimensional lattice models protected by the intersection singularities. Our classification opens avenues for realizing robust topological phases.
Uncertainties and sensitivities in the quantification of future tropical cyclone risk
Authors: Meiler Simona , Ciullo Alessio , Kropf Chahan M. , Emanuel Kerry , Bresch David N. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTropical cyclone risks are expected to increase with climate change and socio-economic development and are subject to substantial uncertainties. We thus assess future global tropical cyclone risk drivers and perform a systematic uncertainty and sensitivity analysis. We combine synthetic tropical cyclones downscaled from CMIP6 global climate models for several emission scenarios with economic growth factors derived from the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and a wide range of vulnerability functions. We highlight non-trivial effects between climate change and socio-economic development that drive future tropical cyclone risk. Furthermore, we show that the choice of climate model affects the output uncertainty most among all varied model input factors. Finally, we discover a positive correlation between climate sensitivity and tropical cyclone risk increase. We assert that quantitative estimates of uncertainty and sensitivity to model parameters greatly enhance the value of climate risk assessments, enabling more robust decision-making and offering a richer context for model improvement.
Coastal surface soil carbon stocks have distinctly increased under extensive ecological restoration in northern China
Authors: Chi Yuan , Liu Dahai , Gao Jianhua , Sun Jingkuan , Zhang Zhiwei , Xing Wenxiu , Qu Yubing , Ma Xuejian , Zha Bian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCoastal soil carbon stock is critical owing to the coexistence of terrestrial and marine carbon sinks and undergoes drastic changes under complex factors. Here we conduct surface soil organic carbon (SOC) stock mapping in northern China’s coastal areas in 2020 and 2010 based on large-scale field survey, remote sensing, and land cover data. Our results indicate that a 100 m resolution is the optimum mapping resolution for its good simulation accuracy and precise spatial details. The surface SOC stock and density in 2020 increased by 39.19% and 37.82%, respectively, compared with those in 2010 under extensive ecological restoration. The SOC densities of forests, grasslands, croplands, wetlands, and built-up areas increased by 72.58%, 74.25%, 41.39%, 4.58%, and 26.30% from 2010 to 2020, respectively. The study determines the optimum mapping resolution and denotes the positive effects of ecological restoration on coastal soil carbon.
A membrane targeted multifunctional cationic nanoparticle conjugated fusogenic nanoemulsion (CFusoN): induced membrane depolarization and lipid solubilization to accelerate the killing ofStaphylococcus aureus
Authors: Bose Somashree , Dahat Yogita , Kumar Deepak , Haldar Saikat , Das Sujoy K. 
Published: October 2023

A cationic metal nanoparticle conjugated fusogenic nanoemulsion (CFusoN) as a lipid solubilizing nanovesicle for the effective treatment of S. aureus infection.
Intelligent acceptance check for towers of overhead transmission line based on point clouds
Authors: Ma Miao , Wang Chenxing , Li Yuhong , Chen Yuxin , Xia Siyu , Du Songlin , Li Junyang , Zhang Kanjian , Liu Huan , Jiang Xuancheng , Wei Haikun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe acceptance check is a key step to decide whether an overhead transmission line can be put into use. However, for the acceptance check of towers, the manual means is still adopted mostly nowadays, which is dangerous and inefficient. The main challenges for intelligent check technique are the automatic tower segmentation and intelligent requirements of some detection items. Here, based on point clouds from lidars, some intelligent methods are proposed for tower related acceptance check items. The geometric structural changing rules for towers are found and analyzed to identify and segment towers from the scene point cloud automatically. A model‐constrained method is proposed for fine filtering of towers. With point cloud registration strategies, the tilt angle of a tower is calculated intelligently and the defect detection of a tower is conducted successfully. Experiments show that the results of the proposed methods are accurate, efficient and automatic, which have potential for real applications.
Robust three‐voltage‐vector‐based model‐free predictive current control for permanent magnet synchronous motor with ultra‐local model
Authors: Sun Zheng , Deng Yongting , Wang Jianli , Li Hongwen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA large current ripple may arise in the finite control set model‐free predictive current control (FCS‐MFPCC) strategy because only one voltage vector can be applied during the whole control period. Therefore, an improved three‐vector‐based model‐free predictive current control (MFPCC) strategy to improve the current tracking performance is proposed by increasing the number of the applied voltage vector. Based on the extreme existence theorem for the function of two variables, the optimal voltage vector can be synthesized. Compared with the one‐vector‐based FCS‐model‐based predicted current control (FCS‐MBPCC) and two‐vector‐based FCS‐MBPCC in the time and frequency domains, the maximum tracking error is decreased by 42.17% and 48.58%, and the total harmonic distortion is decreased by 40.97% and 37.56%, respectively. Besides, compared with the previous three‐vector‐based strategy, the computational time of the proposed strategy is reduced from 57.6 to 45.89 , which is reduced by 20.33%. Furthermore, the switching frequency of the proposed method can be decreased by 70.3% compared with the deadbeat MFPCC. The experimental results in the time and frequency domains demonstrate that the proposed three‐vector‐based MFPCC can not only improve the current tracking performance but also improve robustness against parameter mismatches.
Spiral shocks induced in a galactic gaseous disk: Hydrodynamic understanding of observational properties of spiral galaxies
Authors: Aktar Ramiz , Xue Li , Zhang Li-Xin , Luo Jing-Yi 
Published: October 2023

Context. We investigate the properties of spiral shocks in a steady, adiabatic, non-axisymmetric, self-gravitating, mass-outflowing accretion disk around a compact object.
Aims. We obtained the accretion-ejection solutions in a galactic disk and applied them to spiral galaxies in order to investigate the possible physical connections between some observational quantities of galaxies.
Methods. We considered the self-gravitating disk potential to examine the properties of the galactic gaseous disk. We obtained spiral shock-induced accretion-ejection solutions following the point-wise self-similar approach.
Results. We observed that the self-gravitating disk profoundly affects the dynamics of the spiral structure of the disk and the properties of the spiral shocks. We find that the observational dispersion between the pitch angle and shear rate and between the pitch angle and star formation rate in spiral galaxies contains some important physical information.
Conclusions. There are large differences among the star formation rates of galaxies with similar pitch angles. These differences may be explained by the different star formation efficiencies caused by distinct galactic ambient conditions.
Close-to-fission dumbbell Jupiter-Trojan (17365) Thymbraeus
Authors: Carry B. , Descamps P. , Ferrais M. , Rivet J.-P. , Berthier J. , Jehin E. , Vernet D. , Abe L. , Bendjoya P. , Vachier F. , Pajuelo M. , Birlan M. , Colas F. , Benkhaldoun Z. 
Published: October 2023

Context. Every population of small bodies in the Solar System contains a sizable fraction of multiple systems. Of these, the Jupiter Trojans have the lowest number of known binary systems and they are the least well characterized.
Aims. We aim to characterize the reported binary system (17365) Thymbraeus, one of only seven multiple systems of Jupiter Trojans known.
Methods. We conducted light curve observing campaigns in 2013, 2015, and 2021 with ground-based telescopes. We modeled these light curves using dumbbell figures of equilibrium.
Results. We show that Thymbraeus is unlikely a binary system. Its light curves are fully consistent with a bilobated shape: a dumbbell equilibrium figure. We determine a low density of 830 ± 50 kg m−3, consistent with the reported density of other Jupiter-Trojan asteroids and small Kuiper belt objects. The angular velocity of Thymbraeus is close to fission. If separated, its components would become a similarly sized double asteroid, like the Jupiter-Trojan (617) Patroclus.
The ROAD to discovery: Machine-learning-driven anomaly detection in radio astronomy spectrograms
Authors: Mesarcik M. , Boonstra A. J. , Iacobelli M. , Ranguelova E. , de Laat C. T. A. M. , van Nieuwpoort R. V. 
Published: October 2023

Context.As radio telescopes increase in sensitivity and flexibility, so do their complexity and data rates. For this reason, automated system health management approaches are becoming increasingly critical to ensure nominal telescope operations.Aims.We propose a new machine-learning anomaly detection framework for classifying both commonly occurring anomalies in radio telescopes as well as detecting unknown rare anomalies that the system has potentially not yet seen. To evaluate our method, we present a dataset consisting of 6708 autocorrelation-based spectrograms from the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) telescope and assign ten different labels relating to the system-wide anomalies from the perspective of telescope operators. This includes electronic failures, miscalibration, solar storms, network and compute hardware errors, among many more.Methods.We demonstrate how a novel self-supervised learning (SSL) paradigm, that utilises both context prediction and reconstruction losses, is effective in learning normal behaviour of the LOFAR telescope. We present the Radio Observatory Anomaly Detector (ROAD), a framework that combines both SSL-based anomaly detection and a supervised classification, thereby enabling both classification of both commonly occurring anomalies and detection of unseen anomalies.Results.We demonstrate that our system works in real time in the context of the LOFAR data processing pipeline, requiring <1ms to process a single spectrogram. Furthermore, ROAD obtains an anomaly detection F-2 score of 0.92 while maintaining a false positive rate of 2%, as well as a mean per-class classification F-2 score of 0.89, outperforming other related works.
Perzeption der Feuchtigkeit – zentrale und periphere
physiologische Mechanismen
Authors: Hermann Wieland 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Fähigkeit Veränderungen der Umgebung wahrzunehmen ist
überlebenswichtig. Dafür sind spezialisierte Exterozeptoren
für mechanische, thermische und nozizeptive Reize über die
gesamte Haut verteilt. Für weitere komplexe Empfindungen wie Kitzeln und
Nässe sind keine speziellen Rezeptoren bekannt. Man nimmt an, dass diese
Empfindungsqualitäten aus einer Kombination verschiedener Rezeptortypen
entstehen. Bisherige physiologische Untersuchungen haben zentrale und periphere
Komponenten zur Wahrnehmung von Feuchtigkeit beim Menschen identifiziert.
Peripher tragen kombinierte thermische und mechanische Empfindungen zur
Hygrorezeption bei. Das Wahrnehmungsgedächtnis der sensorischen
Erfahrung bildet den zentralen Teil einer Nässeempfindung. Nur bei
intakter Nervenleitgeschwindigkeit aller Nervenfasern entsteht ein
physiologisches räumlich-zeitliches peripheres Erregungsmuster als
Grundlage für die korrekte zentrale Weiterverarbeitung zur Wahrnehmung
der komplexen Eigenschaft Feuchtigkeit. Dieser Aspekt wurde in einer eigenen
Studie untersucht und der Beitrag der verschiedenen Nervenleitgeschwindigkeiten
zum Feuchtigkeitseindruck postuliert.
Giant Quadrigeminal Cistern Lipoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Albuquerque Eduardo Alves Summers , Soares Pedro Felipe , Conceição Júnior Renato Teixeira , Silva Danilo Dias de França e , Nunes Juliana Coelho , Assis Ana Flávia Paiva Bandeira , Santos Ana Paula Rodrigues dos , Marques Fabrício Nery , Noronha Bruno da Fonseca 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe report the case of a giant lipoma of the quadrigeminal cistern in a 30-year-old female patient with headache, nausea, vomiting, and phono and photophobia. Despite the large size of the tumor, conservative treatment was chosen. Intracranial lipomas are rare benign tumors commonly associated with congenital anomalies, and their origin is related to an incorrect embryonic development. The diagnosis is made mainly by cranial computed tomographyand magnetic resonance imaging. The treatment of lipoma can be surgical or conservative, and there is no single treatment for the different patients' cases.
Demonstration of Double Aortic Arch in a 21 Weeks Primigravida by Color Spatiotemporal Image Correlation Rendering Technique
Authors: Dey Shankar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFetal double aortic arch (DAA) is a rare congenital arch anomaly characterized by the presence of two aortic arches instead of the normal single arch. DAA is an uncommon finding during routine fetal echocardiography.Prenatal ultrasound detection of fetal DAA is crucial for early identification and appropriate management of affected fetuses. Despite the challenges and limitations, advancements in imaging technology and expertise have improved diagnostic accuracy.Four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound provides a volumetric representation of the fetal structures. It allows for better visualization and assessment of complex anatomical abnormalities, including DAA. With 4D imaging, the sonographer can manipulate the image, rotate it, and view it from different angles, aiding in the identification of the double arch anomalyThis is a case of double aortic arch diagnosed with the spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) technique of 4D ultrasound using color Doppler.
Democratic self-government and the algocratic shortcut: the democratic harms in algorithmic governance of society
Authors: Alnemr Nardine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlgorithms are used to calculate and govern varying aspects of public life for efficient use of the vast data available about citizens. Assuming that algorithms are neutral and efficient in data-based decision making, algorithms are used in areas such as criminal justice and welfare. This has ramifications on the ideal of democratic self-government as algorithmic decisions are made without democratic deliberation, scrutiny or justification. In the book Democracy without Shortcuts, Cristina Lafont argued against “shortcutting” democratic self-government. Lafont’s critique of shortcuts turns to problematise taken-for-granted practices in democracies that bypass citizen inclusion and equality in authoring decisions governing public life. In this article, I extend Lafont’s argument to another shortcut: the algocratic shortcut. The democratic harms attributable to the algocratic shortcut include diminishing the role of voice in politics and reducing opportunities for civic engagement. In this article, I define the algocratic shortcut and discuss the democratic harms of this shortcut, its relation to other shortcuts to democracy and the limitations of using shortcuts to remedy algocratic harms. Finally, I reflect on remedy through “aspirational deliberation”.
A multifunctional hydrogel-based strain sensor and triboelectric nanogenerator for running monitoring and energy harvesting
Authors: Zhang Yu , He Xiaoyan , Xu Chuanming 
Published: October 2023

Recently, flexible wearable electronics for human running posture monitoring and human energy harvesting have attracted widespread attention. Hence, we design a mixed type conductive hydrogel based on polyvinyl alcohol, cotton paper, graphite oxide, and MXene, named PCGM hydrogel. Furthermore, the PCGM hydrogel can act as the PCGM-based strain sensor and triboelectric nanogenerator (P-TENG) for running posture monitoring and mechanical energy harvesting. The PCGM-based strain sensor has two sensing linear regions: The pressure sensitivity is 0.0164 kPa−1 in the low pressure region (0–16 kPa), whereas it is 0.002 86 kPa−1 in the high pressure region (16–120 kPa). To achieve comprehensive health monitoring of runners, the PCGM-based strain sensors can be installed on human joints and facial skin to monitor human posture and facial expressions. The PCGM hydrogel can be combined with a polytetrafluoroethylene film to form a P-TENG device for mechanical energy harvesting. The P-TENG maximum output power can reach 135 µW with a 30 MΩ load. The short-circuit current (Isc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), and transfer charge (Qsc) of P-TENG can reach 10.36 µA, 229.85 V, and 49.24 nC, respectively. This research provides an effective approach for human-running motion monitoring by using multifunctional flexible devices.
Low-temperature enhanced OFF-state telegraph noise in defect engineered ReRAMs
Authors: Alagoz H. S. , Egilmez M. , Jung J. , Chow K. H. 
Published: October 2023

The OFF-state retention characteristics of Pt/NiOx–(Ar)/NiOx–(Ar + O2)/Pt stacking resistive random access memory structures were measured as a function of temperature between 300 and 190 K. The devices show random telegraph noise effects whose noise amplitude increases upon lowering the temperature. Interestingly, the application of forward and reverse biases produces up and downresistance jumps. These results present important insights into the thermally activated charge trapping/de-trapping phenomenon that is responsible for resistance fluctuations.
A two-channel ultrasonic flowmeter based on AlN piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers arrays with improved cross-correlation method
Authors: Shi Linjin , Qu Mengjiao , Lv Dongze , Liu Weiting , Xie Jin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a highly accurate two-channel ultrasonic flowmeter based on AlN piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers (PMUTs) to measure flow rate in small-diameter pipes (9.6 mm). The ultrasonic transducers consist of four 10 by 10 PMUTs arrays with resonant frequency of 1 MHz in air. The ultrasonic transducers are excited by continuous sine voltage, and the transmitted and received signals are subjected to cross-correlation operation to obtain the time delay of the ultrasonic wave in the liquid. A dual-channel design of the flowmeter can reduce measurement errors by taking the average value. To reduce errors in the cross-correlation operation, an iterative algorithm is proposed, which effectively improves the measurement accuracy. The flowmeter is evaluated in flow range of 3.5–10 l min−1, and has a small relative error of 0.7%.
A compact low-frequency sound absorption metastructure realized by resonators with wavy bending necks
Authors: Zhang Songyi , Song Ailing , Wang Shuai , Yu Xinhai 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this work, a compact low-frequency sound absorption metastructure composed of multiple resonators with embedded wavy bending necks is proposed. By arranging this metastructure in parallel and optimizing the parameters, it exhibits excellent broadband sound absorption capability in low-frequency range and has a much more compact volume. Compared with the traditional resonators, an individual resonator of this metastructure can move down the absorption frequency about 120 Hz while maintaining the same thickness. Furthermore, different resonator units are combined into a sound absorption array by employing appropriate design techniques. We first built a small metastructure composed of four units to demonstrate the correctness and accuracy of our design method. Both theoretical models and finite element simulation models are built and experimental results show good agreement between them. To achieve the same absorption value and frequency range, the thickest resonator in the traditional resonator array must be 30% thicker than the one in the wavy bending neck resonator array, which means the overall size of the structure is 30% larger. Following this design method, perfect sound absorption within the frequency range of 248 Hz–420 Hz is achieved with a compact volume of 53 mm in radius and 47 mm in height. The design strategy presents a new approach to achieve perfect broadband low-frequency sound absorption.