bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of smartphones for social networking-men vs women:case study of Bangladesh
Authors: Shabur Md. Abdus , Jahan Jafrin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis research looked on the gender gap in smartphone app usage and the impact of gender on smartphone-based social networks and social support in Bangladesh, a south Asian country. The sample of smartphone-owning 250 college/university students was surveyed online. Results showed that women were more likely to utilize a smartphone's camera than men were, but men were more inclined to make phone calls and use apps developed expressly for smartphones. Moreover, the findings revealed unique behaviors associated with the use of smartphones in the upkeep of interpersonal connections. Women were more likely to think bonding ties enhanced while using smartphones for text communications, whereas men were more inclined to believe more bridge links expanded. According to these findings, women tend to be more likely to use their cellphones to improve already-strong connections, whilst men appear to be more prone to use them to boost already-weak social relationships.
A comparison of rate and methods of probable suicide for 2 years pre and post the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Mannix D. , Holleran L. , Cevikel P. , McMorrow C. , Nerney D. , Phelan S. , McDonald C. , Hallahan B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectives:To examine and compare rates and methods of probable suicide in a Western region of Ireland during a 24 month period since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with a similar period immediately prior to the pandemic onset.Methods:Post-mortem reports between March 1st 2018 and February 29th 2020 were reviewed and compared with data from March 1st 2020 to February 28th 2022. Relevant demographic data, rates and methods of probable suicide and lifetime engagement with mental health services were compared across the two time points.Results:Identical rates of probable suicide (85 individuals at both time points) were demonstrated with no difference evident in the utilisation of violent compared to non-violent methods.Conclusions:This study demonstrates that despite previous reports of increased rates of self-harm and some evidence of increased mental distress since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, no change in rates of or methods employed by individuals who died by probable suicide were evident in this geographical region.
A note on right-nil and strong-nil skew braces
Authors: Ballester-Bolinches A , Ferrara M , Pérez-Calabuig V , Trombetti M 
Published: January 2024

Nilpotency concepts for skew braces are among the main tools with which we are nowadays classifying certain special solutions of the Yang–Baxter equation, a consistency equation that plays a relevant role in quantum statistical mechanics and in many areas of mathematics. In this context, two relevant questions have been raised in F. Cedó, A. Smoktunowicz and L. Vendramin (Skew left braces of nilpotent type. Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (3) 118 (2019), 1367–1392) (see questions 2.34 and 2.35) concerning right- and central nilpotency. The aim of this short note is to give a negative answer to both questions: thus, we show that a finite strong-nil brace B need not be right-nilpotent. On a positive note, we show that there is one (and only one, by our examples) special case of the previous questions that actually holds. In fact, we show that if B is a skew brace of nilpotent type and

$b\ \ast \ b=0$

for all

$b\in B$

, then B is centrally nilpotent.
WHO IS AN IDIOT IN ANCIENT CRITICISM?
Authors: Viidebaum Laura 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article discusses the concept of ἰδιώτης, often translated as ‘layman’, in Dionysius of Halicarnassus’ critical essays, where he places particular emphasis on validating the judgement of the ἰδιώτης in aesthetic evaluation. Dionysius’ focus on the impact and reception of art enables him to lay the groundwork for shifting the semantic meaning of ἰδιώτης from being in strict opposition to the artist/critic to a more fluid category, ranging from ‘unskilled’ listener and layman to a relatively experienced ‘amateur’. By conceiving the change from ἰδιώτης to τεχνίτης in criticism as a more gradual process (rather than one of irreconcilable division), Dionysius shows the discipline of rhetoric and literary criticism to be a particularly relevant form of learning that speaks to the sensibilities of Imperial Rome.
Optimal configurations of Minimally Intelligent additive manufacturing machines for Makerspace production environments
Authors: Gopsill James , Goudswaard Mark , Snider Chris , Giunta Lorenzo , Hicks Ben 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) has transformed job shop production and catalysed the growth of Makerspaces, FabLabs, Hackspaces, and Repair Cafés. AM has enabled the handling and manufacturing of a wide variety of components, and its accessibility has enabled more individuals to make. While smaller than their production-scale counterparts, the objectives of minimizing technician overhead, capital expenditure, and job response time remain the same. The typical First-Come First-Serve (FCFS) operating model, while functional, is not necessarily the most efficient and makes responding to a-typical or urgent demand profiles difficult. This article reports a study that investigated how AM machines configured with Minimally Intelligent agents can support production in these environments. An agent-based model that simulated 5, 10, 15, and 20 AM machines operating a 9 am−5 pm pattern and experiencing a diverse non-repeating demand profile was developed. Machines were configured with minimal intelligence – FCFS, First-Response First-Serve (FRFS), Longest Print Time (LPT), Shortest Print Time (SPT), and Random Selection logics – that governed the selection of jobs from the job pool. A full factorial simulation totaling 15,629 configurations was run until convergence to a ranked list of production performance – min Job Time-in-System. Performance changed as much as 200%. Performant configurations featured a variety of logics, while the least performant were dominated by FCFS and LPT. All FCFS (a proxy for today’s operations) was one of the least performant configurations. The results provide an optimal set of logics and performance bands that can be used to justify capital expenditure and AM operations in Makerspaces.
Beyond formal and informal: mid-twentieth-century residential architecture in Barcelona’s El Carmel neighbourhood
Authors: Golda-Pongratz Kathrin , Urban Florian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article discusses houses on the periphery of Barcelona and in particular in the El Carmel neighbourhood, which were built by poor country-to-city migrants from southern Spain in the post-World War II period. They were constructed following two typologies: barracas (sheds), one-storey huts on an irregular street plan, and coreas (‘Korea houses’), more formally looking one- to three-storey structures lined up on orderly laid-out streets. Based on archival documents, contemporaneous publications and interviews with former autoconstructores (self-builders), the article analyses both social conditions and physical structures. While these buildings were often unauthorized and constructed by informal means, they were just as often built with the landowner’s consent, involving architects and building professionals, and retroactively legalized. The article concludes that in this respect Barcelona’s ‘informal neighbourhoods’ in fact straddled the realms of the formal and the informal, to the extent that the habitual distinction between formal and informal architecture has to be considered inadequate.
Polycrisis in the Anthropocene: an invitation to contributions and debates
Authors: Lawrence Michael 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The popularity of the term polycrisis suggests a growing demand for new thinking about the world's intersecting crises, but loose and haphazard uses of the concept impede knowledge generation. The special issue, ‘Polycrisis in the Anthropocene’, aims to close the gap. This introductory comment first elaborates upon three key contributions of the lead article ‘Global Polycrisis: The Causal mechanisms of Crisis Entanglement’: a conceptualization of crisis as systemic disequilibrium; the distinction between the slow-moving stresses and the fast-moving trigger events that interact to generate a crisis; and a grammar with which to map the causality of crisis interactions. The commentary then explores three key debates around the polycrisis concept: Are we in a polycrisis, at risk of a polycrisis, or neither? Is the present polycrisis truly unique and unprecedented? And where are power and agency in a systemic approach to polycrisis? These ongoing debates suggest promising directions for polycrisis research that could feature in this special issue and advance the field of polycrisis analysis.

Non-technical summary
This commentary introduces the special issue ‘Polycrisis in the Anthropocene’ by elaborating upon three major contributions of its lead article, ‘Global Polycrisis: The Causal Mechanisms of Crisis Entanglement’, and exploring three key debates surrounding the polycrisis concept. It invites others to contribute to the special issue in order to advance polycrisis analysis, build a community of knowledge and practice, and generate new insights and strategies with which to address the world's worsening crises.

Technical summary
The popularity of the term polycrisis suggests a growing demand for new thinking about the world's intersecting crises, but loose and haphazard uses of the concept impede knowledge generation. The special issue, ‘Polycrisis in the Anthropocene’, aims to close the gap. This introductory comment first elaborates upon three key contributions of the lead article ‘Global Polycrisis: The Causal mechanisms of Crisis Entanglement’: a conceptualization of crisis as systemic disequilibrium; the distinction between the slow-moving stresses and the fast-moving trigger events that interact to generate a crisis; and a grammar with which to map the causality of crisis interactions. The commentary then explores three key debates around the polycrisis concept: Are we in a polycrisis, at risk of a polycrisis, or neither? Is the present polycrisis truly unique and unprecedented? And where are power and agency in a systemic approach to polycrisis? These ongoing debates suggest promising directions for polycrisis research that could feature in this special issue and advance the field of polycrisis analysis.

Social media summary
Inviting contributions and debates to Global Sustainability journal's special issue ‘Polycrisis in the Anthropocene’.
Arc Magmatism Controlled by Switches in Tectonic Style: Insights From the NE Asian Margin in the Cretaceous
Authors: Liu K. , Xiao W. , Wilde S. A. , Liu J. , Zhang J. , Wan B. , Ao S. , Xu M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA relation between tectonics and arc magmatism has been proposed in the west Pacific‐type accretionary orogens, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. This study examines the Cretaceous records in NE Asia in order to unravel this link. Two tectono‐magmatic episodes, namely the Early and Late Cretaceous, are recognized. The first episode was under (trans‐)extension, consisting of both mafic and felsic, depleted and enriched, and deep‐ and shallow‐derived arc magmas. The second episode experienced several compressive events with highly evolved and shallow‐derived (mid‐crustal level) arc magmas. We propose that (trans‐)extension thinned the arc crust, facilitating deep mafic magmas to ascend and cool rapidly, maintaining their geochemical diversity. Compression led to magmatic emplacement around the middle crust; and the warm crust allowed highly‐evolved granitoids to form. Therefore, tectonic setting controls arc magmatism in NE Asia, and is likely representative of other west Pacific‐type orogens.
Investigation of Large Scale Traveling Atmospheric/Ionospheric Disturbances Using the Coupled SAMI3 and GITM Models
Authors: Bukowski A. , Ridley A. , Huba J. D. , Valladares C. , Anderson P. C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe present simulation results of the vertical structure of Large Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (LSTIDs) during synthetic geomagnetic storms. These data are produced using a one‐way coupled SAMI3/Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model (GITM) model, where GITM provides thermospheric information to SAMI3 (SAMI3 is Another Model of the Ionosphere), producing LSTIDs. We show simulation results which demonstrate that the traveling atmospheric disturbances (TADs) generated in GITM extend to the topside ionosphere in SAMI3 as LSTIDs. The speed and wavelength (600–700 m/s and 10º–20° latitude) are consistent with LSTID observations in storms of similar magnitudes. We demonstrate the LSTIDs reach altitudes beyond the topside ionosphere with amplitudes of <5% over background which will facilitate the use of plasma measurements from the topside ionosphere to supplement measurements from Global Navigation Satellite System in the study of Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs). Additionally, we demonstrate the dependence of the characteristics of these TADs and TIDs on longitude.
Modeling the Simultaneous Dropout of Energetic Electrons and Protons by Magnetopause Shadowing
Authors: Lyu Xingzhi , Tu Weichao , Huang Jinbei , Ma Qianli , Li Zhi‐Gu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMagnetopause shadowing (MPS) effect could drive a concurrent dropout of radiation belt electrons and ring current protons. However, its relative role in the dropout of both plasma populations has not been well quantified. In this work, we study the simultaneous dropout of MeV electrons and 100s keV protons during an intense geomagnetic storm in May 2017. A radial diffusion model with an event‐specific last closed drift shell is used to simulate the MPS loss of both populations. The model well captures the fast shadowing loss of both populations at L* > 4.6, while the loss at L* < 4.6, possibly due to the electromagnetic ion cyclotron wave scattering, is not captured. The observed butterfly pitch angle distributions of electron fluxes in the initial loss phase are well reproduced by the model. The initial proton losses at low pitch angles are underestimated, potentially also contributed by other mechanisms such as field line curvature scattering.
The Sources and Atmospheric Processes of Strong Light‐Absorbing Components in Water Soluble Brown Carbon: Insights From a Multi‐Proxy Study of PM2.5 in 10 Chinese Cities
Authors: Mo Yangzhi , Li Jun , Zhong Guangcai , Zhu Sanyuan , Cheng Zhineng , Tang Jiao , Jiang Hongxing , Jiang Bin , Liao Yuhong , Song Jianzhong , Tian Chongguo , Chen Yingjun , Zhao Shizhen , Zhang Gan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHumic‐like substances (HULIS) are significant contributor to the light absorption of water‐soluble brown carbon (WSBrC), which contains certain strong light‐absorbing chemical components that are not well understood, impeding the assessment of WSBrC's climate impact. China as the hotspot regions with high loading of WSBrC characterized by high light‐absorbing capacity, here, we investigated the sources and atmospheric processes (δ13C–Δ14C), molecular composition (Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry), and light absorption properties (UV spectrophotometry) of HULIS in PM2.5 from 10 Chinese cities. HULIS‐C was major contributor to the light absorption coefficient (70.5 ± 6.6%) of WSBrC at 365 nm, which was more enriched with fossil sources (48.0 ± 9.0% vs. 30.3 ± 13.9%) but depleted in 13C (δ13C: −25.6 ± 0.9‰ vs. −22.4 ± 1.0‰) relative to non‐HULIS‐C. This suggests that the fossil components in HULIS are more recalcitrant to oxidative aging and exhibit higher light‐absorbing capacity, while the non‐fossil organic carbon is more likely to be oxidatively bleached into small, colorless, and highly polar molecules (i.e., non‐HULIS). Aromatic components are the major strong light‐absorbing fossil components in HULIS, dominantly originating from coal combustion (>77%). Non‐negative matrix factorization model showed that aromatic molecules from coal combustion have higher molecular weight and lower oxidation levels than biomass burning, potentially making them to be photo‐recalcitrant compounds. Our finding that coal combustion‐derived BrC maybe more persistent in the atmosphere and has greater long‐term impact on climate than BrC derived from biomass burning is an important consideration in climate models and mitigation policies.
Responses of Soil Nitrogen Pools to Litter Input Under Nitrogen Addition: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Yang Jing , Wu Fuzhong , Ni Xiangyin , Yue Kai , Wei Xinyu , Zhang Xiaoyue , Zhang Xinying 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLitter input essentially regulates soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) pools in natural ecosystems, but uncertainties remain about how this regulation is affected by increasing N deposition. Here, we synthesized 1,263 observations from 34 field studies with paired treatments to elucidate how N addition affects the responses of soil N and P pools to litter input. Our results showed that the combination of litter input and N addition significantly enhanced soil N pools, with increases in total N (13.7%), microbial biomass N (38.7%), ammonium N (37.7%), and nitrate N (79.0%), but slightly affected soil P pools. Strikingly, soil N pools in forests displayed more positive responses to combined treatment than those in grasslands. Furthermore, experimental design and mean annual precipitation were critical controllers in regulating the responses of soil N pools to combined litter input and N addition. The present results underscore the importance of combined litter input and N addition in promoting soil N pools, thereby providing essential insights into how N addition can change nutrient cycling within natural ecosystems.
Improved National‐Scale Above‐Normal Flow Prediction for Gauged and Ungauged Basins Using a Spatio‐Temporal Hierarchical Model
Authors: Fang Shiqi , Johnson J. Michael , Yeghiazarian Lilit , Sankarasubramanian A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFloods cause hundreds of fatalities and billions of dollars of economic loss each year in the United States. To mitigate these damages, accurate flood prediction is needed for issuing early warnings to the public. This situation is exacerbated in larger model domains flood prediction, particularly in ungauged basins. To improve flood prediction for both gauged and ungauged basins, we propose a spatio‐temporal hierarchical model (STHM) using above‐normal flow estimation with a 10‐day window of modeled National Water Model (NWM) streamflow and a variety of catchment characteristics as input. The STHM is calibrated (1993–2008) and validated (2009–2018) in controlled, natural, and coastal basins over three broad groups, and shows significant improvement for the first two basin types. A seasonal analysis shows the most influential predictors beyond NWM streamflow reanalysis are the previous 3‐day average streamflow and the aridity index for controlled and natural basins, respectively. To evaluate the STHM in improving above‐normal streamflow in ungauged basins, 20‐fold cross‐validation is performed by leaving 5% of sites. Results show that the STHM increases predictive skill in over 50% of sites' by 0.1 Nash‐Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and improves over 65% of sites' streamflow prediction to an NSE > 0.67, which demonstrates that the STHM is one of the first of its kind and could be employed for flood prediction in both gauged and ungauged basins.
The amygdala NT3-TrkC pathway underlies inter-individual differences in fear extinction and related synaptic plasticity
Authors: Masella Gianluca , Silva Francisca , Corti Elisa , Azkona Garikoitz , Madeira Maria Francisca , Tomé Ângelo R. , Ferreira Samira G. , Cunha Rodrigo A. , Duarte Carlos B. , Santos Mónica 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFear-related pathologies are among the most prevalent psychiatric conditions, having inappropriate learned fear and resistance to extinction as cardinal features. Exposure therapy represents a promising therapeutic approach, the efficiency of which depends on inter-individual variation in fear extinction learning, which neurobiological basis is unknown. We characterized a model of extinction learning, whereby fear-conditioned mice were categorized as extinction (EXT)-success or EXT-failure, according to their inherent ability to extinguish fear. In the lateral amygdala, GluN2A-containing NMDAR are required for LTP and stabilization of fear memories, while GluN2B-containing NMDAR are required for LTD and fear extinction. EXT-success mice showed attenuated LTP, strong LTD and higher levels of synaptic GluN2B, while EXT-failure mice showed strong LTP, no LTD and higher levels of synaptic GluN2A. Neurotrophin 3 (NT3) infusion in the lateral amygdala was sufficient to rescue extinction deficits in EXT-failure mice. Mechanistically, activation of tropomyosin receptor kinase C (TrkC) with NT3 in EXT-failure slices attenuated lateral amygdala LTP, in a GluN2B-dependent manner. Conversely, blocking endogenous NT3-TrkC signaling with TrkC-Fc chimera in EXT-success slices strengthened lateral amygdala LTP. Our data support a key role for the NT3-TrkC system in inter-individual differences in fear extinction in rodents, through modulation of amygdalar NMDAR composition and synaptic plasticity.
Phosphorylation of INF2 by AMPK promotes mitochondrial fission and oncogenic function in endometrial cancer
Authors: Ding Yan , Lv Zeheng , Cao Wenxin , Shi Wenming , He Qizhi , Gao Kun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMitochondria are highly dynamic organelles capable of altering their sizes and shapes to maintain metabolic balance through coordinated fission and fusion processes. In various cancer types, mitochondrial hyperfragmentation has been frequently observed, contributing to the progression of cancer toward metastasis. Inverted formin 2 (INF2), which resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), has been found to accelerate actin polymerization and drive mitochondrial fission. In this study, we demonstrate that INF2 expression is significantly upregulated in endometrial cancer (EC) and is associated with a poor prognosis in EC patients. INF2 promotes anchorage-dependent and independent EC cell growth in part by facilitating mitochondrial fission. Furthermore, in conditions of energy stress, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylates INF2 at Ser1077, leading to increased localization of INF2 to the ER and enhanced recruitment of the dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) to mitochondria. This AMPK-mediated phosphorylation of INF2 at Ser1077 facilitates mitochondrial division and promotes EC cell growth. Pathological examination using immunohistochemical analyses revealed a positive correlation between AMPK activity and phosphorylated INF2 (Ser1077) in EC specimens. Collectively, our findings uncover novel molecular mechanisms involving the AMPK-INF2 axis, which regulates mitochondrial dynamics and malignant cell growth in EC.