bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Red‐Shifted Luminescence of Acrylonitrile‐Containing Copolymers: A Matter of One Methyl Unit
Authors: Li Xinyu , Dai Junhao , Zhang Rui , Wen Tao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCopolymerization provides an effective approach to tune the photophysical properties of non‐conventional luminescent polymers (NCLPs). In this study, the controlling of intrinsic emissions of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymers is revealed by a delicate difference of secondary monomers. The introduction of methacrylate comonomers can induce a 70‐nm red‐shifting in the PL emission of copolymers compared with that of acrylate‐containing copolymers. The mechanism of such “copolymerization induced red‐shifting” in PAN copolymers is investigated. It is demonstrated that the presence of the α‐methyl group in the copolymers can enhance the chain rigidity and through‐space conjugation (TSC) of C≡N groups, resulting in the red‐shifting of emission.
Single‐Step Kinetic Predictions Based on a Constructed Isoconversional State Diagram
Authors: Tao Qi , Krivec Thomas , Kern Wolfgang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA new concept called isoconversional state diagram, which can be used to predict the kinetics of single‐step condensed phase reactions, is introduced. A state represents a certain extent of conversion degree α in a reaction. The construction of the isoconversional state diagram is based on the isoconversional state equation, which is a piecewise linear equation about 1/T and lnβ, where T is the temperature and β is the heating rate. The slope of the linear equation is controlled by the activation energy Eα and its intercept contains the inherent information of the kinetic triplet, i.e., the pre‐exponential factor Aα, the activation energy Eα and the reaction model f(α). Consequently, the geometric methods for nonisothermal and isothermal kinetic predictions are derived. The latter reflects the physical meaning of the relationship between reactions under isothermal and nonisothermal conditions, i.e., the time to advance from αi to αi+1 at isothermal temperature Tiso is equal to the time to heat from Tiso to under heating rate , where Tiso, and must be determined from the isoconversional state diagram.
Dynamic transfer model and applications of a penetrating projectile‐fuze multibody system
Authors: Yu Da , Yang Benqiang , Yan Kai , Li Changsheng , Ma Xiang , Han Xiangyu , Zhang He , Dai Keren 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn modern warfare, fortifications are being placed deeper underground and with increased mechanical strength, placing higher demands on the target speed of the penetrating munitions that attack them. In such practical scenarios, penetrating fuze inevitably experience extreme mechanical loads with long pulse durations and high shock strengths. Experimental results indicate that their shock accelerations can even exceed those of the projectile by several times. However, due to the unclear understanding of the dynamic transfer mechanism of the penetrating fuze system under such extreme mechanical conditions, there is still a lack of effective methods to accurately estimate and design protection against the impact loads on the penetrating fuze. This paper focuses on the dynamic response of penetrating munitions and fuzes under high impact, establishing a nonlinear dynamic transfer model for penetrating fuze systems, which can calculate the sensor overload signal of the fuze location. The results show that the relative error between the peak acceleration obtained by the proposed multibody dynamic transfer model and that obtained by experimental tests is only 15.7%, which is much lower than the 26.4% error between finite element simulations and experimental tests. The computational burden of the proposed method mainly lies in the parameter calibration process, which needs to be performed only once for a specific projectile‐fuze system. Once calibrated, the model can rapidly conduct parameter scanning simulations for the projectile mass, target plate strength, and impact velocity with an extremely low computational cost to obtain the response characteristics of the projectile‐fuze system under various operating conditions. This greatly facilitates the practical engineering design of penetrating ammunition fuze.
Twins found in a Late Dynastic/Coptic Egyptian mummy
Authors: Margolis Francine , Hunt David R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDuring research conducted in 2019 regarding pelvic shape in population groups and its effects on successful delivery, one of the individuals studied was a Late Dynastic/Coptic Egyptian female mummy approximately 14–17 years old (USNM catalogue number 258601). She had an associated fetus that was wrapped and placed between her legs during mummification (USNM 258602). In 1908, the mother and child were excavated and autopsied for analysis. Field notes from 1908 said she had died from obstetric complications. For our 2019 study, the mummy was CT scanned to acquire the measurements of her pelvis and determine if cephalopelvic disproportion played a role in her death. While examining the CT images, elements of what was believed to be the fetus were identified in the mother. However, there were repetitions of elements, and a second fetus was discovered in the chest cavity of the mummy. The mother was carrying twins. For this study, re‐scanning by CT and plain film radiography of the torso were performed on the mother as well as plain film radiography on the external fetus. Additionally, records and photographs from the 1908 expedition were reviewed to gather additional information on the mummy. Results note this mummy was pregnant with twins and in the middle of the birthing process at the time of her death.
Constructing and Machine Learning Calabi‐Yau Five‐Folds
Authors: Alawadhi Rashid , Angella Daniele , Leonardo Andrea , Schettini Gherardini Tancredi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMotivated by their role in M‐theory, F‐theory, and S‐theory compactifications, all possible complete intersections Calabi‐Yau five‐folds in a product of four or less complex projective spaces are constructed, with up to four constraints. A total of 27 068 spaces are obtained, which are not related by permutations of rows and columns of the configuration matrix, and determine the Euler number for all of them. Excluding the 3909 product manifolds among those, the cohomological data for 12 433 cases are calculated, i.e., 53.7% of the non‐product spaces, obtaining 2375 different Hodge diamonds. The dataset containing all the above information is available here. The distributions of the invariants are presented, and a comparison with the lower‐dimensional analogues is discussed. Supervised machine learning is performed on the cohomological data, via classifier, and regressor (both fully connected and convolutional) neural networks. h1, 1 can be learnt very efficiently, with very high R2 score and an accuracy of 96% is found, i.e., 96% of the predictions exactly match the correct values. For , very high R2 scores are also found, but the accuracy is lower, due to the large ranges of possible values.
Functional characteristics of Dicer genes in Plutella xylostella
Authors: Huang Pengrong , Yu Huihui , Asad Muhammad , Liao Jianying , Lin Sujie , Pang Senbo , Chu Xuemei , Yang Guang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDDicer is an endonuclease that belongs to the RNase III family and can specifically recognize and cleave double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA). In most insects, there are two Dicer genes, Dicer‐1 (Dcr‐1) and Dicer‐2 (Dcr‐2), which are involved in the micro‐RNA and small‐interfering RNA pathways in many species, respectively. The function of Dicer in Plutella xylostella remains unknown.RESULTSThe full‐length open reading frames of P. xylostella Dicer‐1 (PxDcr‐1) and Dicer‐2 (PxDcr‐2) were cloned and sequenced. Dcr‐1 and Dcr‐2 proteins shared similar structural domains with the Dicer‐Partner Binding Domain (Dicer‐PBD) and the double‐strand RNA binding domain (dsRBD) present only in Dcr‐1. The phylogenetic trees showed that lepidopteran Dcr‐1s or Dcr‐2s clustered in one branch, with PxDcr‐1 in the basal position and PxDcr‐2 closest to Plodia interpunctella Dicer. Two homozygous knockout lines, ΔPxDcr‐1 and ΔPxDcr‐2, were obtained by using the CRISPR–Cas9 technique. The ΔPxDcr‐1 strain exhibited a high mortality rate, a low eclosion rate, a low egg‐laying rate, a low hatching rate, and a shriveled ovariole without mature eggs. The ΔPxDcr‐2 strain showed no significant difference from the wild‐type in terms of survival, development and reproduction, but the RNA interference (RNAi) efficiency caused by dsRNA was significantly reduced.CONCLUSIONThese findings demonstrate the involvement of PxDcr‐1 in the development and reproduction of P. xylostella, specifically in the formation of ovarioles and eggs, and PxDcr‐2 is indispensable for RNAi. These findings shed light on the function of Dcr‐1 and Dcr‐2 in Lepidoptera. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Simultaneous quantification of seven glycols in antifreeze liquids using direct liquid injection gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry
Authors: Danila George Madalin , Cretu Mihaiella , Puscasu Cristian 
Published: December 2023

Glycol‐based antifreeze liquids, commonly composed of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, have important uses in automotive cooling, but they should be handled with care due to their toxicity. Ethylene glycol is highly toxic to humans and animals. A fast, accurate, precise, and robust method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of seven most important glycols and their isomers.MethodsGlycols were analyzed from diluted sample solution of coolants using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MC) in single ion monitoring mode.ResultsThe method was developed and validated for seven individual glycols (ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and tripropylene glycol). Limits of detection (1–2 μg/mL) and limits of quantification (10 μg/mL) obtained were appropriate. The present method was applied for the determination of glycols in 10 different antifreeze liquids commercially available on the Romanian market, proving to be reliable.ConclusionsA method that requires only a two‐step dilution of antifreeze samples combined with direct liquid injection GC–MS was validated for the simultaneous quantification of seven glycols (and their isomers) in 10 different types of antifreeze liquids. The results obtained in the validation procedure proved that the GC–MS method is sensitive and precise for the quantification of glycols.
Therapeutic efficacy of the optimization of thyroid function, thrombophilia, immunity and uterine milieu (OPTIMUM) treatment strategy on pregnancy outcomes after single euploid blastocyst transfer in advanced age women with recurrent reproductive failure
Authors: Kuroda Keiji , Horikawa Takashi , Moriyama Azusa , Ojiro Yuko , Takamizawa Satoru , Watanabe Hideaki , Maruyama Tetsuo , Nojiri Shuko , Nakagawa Koji , Sugiyama Rikikazu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo clarify the efficacy of the OPtimization of Thyroid function, Thrombophilia, IMmunity and Uterine Milieu (OPTIMUM) treatment strategy on pregnancy outcomes after euploid blastocyst transfer in advanced age women with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) and/or recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).MethodsBetween January 2019 and May 2022, 193 consecutive women aged ≥40 years with RIF and/or RPL received single euploid blastocyst transfer. Before embryo transfer, 127 women underwent RIF/RPL testing. Chronic endometritis was treated with mainly antibiotics, aberrant high Th1/Th2 cell ratios with vitamin D and/or tacrolimus, overt/subclinical hypothyroidism with levothyroxine, and thrombophilia with low‐dose aspirin. We compared pregnancy outcomes in the women who did and did not receive the OPTIMUM treatment strategy.ResultsWomen with RIF/RPL in the OPTIMUM group had significantly higher clinical pregnancy and livebirth rates than did those in the control group (clinical pregnancy rate of 71.7% and 45.5%, p < 0.001; livebirth rate of 64.6% and 39.4%, p = 0.001, respectively). However, preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy with and without OPTIMUM promoted low miscarriage rates with no significant difference between them (9.9%, and 13.3%, respectively; p = 0.73).ConclusionsThe OPTIMUM treatment strategy improved clinical pregnancy rates after single euploid blastocyst transfer; but not miscarriage rates.
New input‐to‐state stability conditions of linear systems with interval time‐varying delays and their application to power systems
Authors: Li Xu , Wang Yuhang , Zhu Zhixiang , Yu Jiajia , Du Shengli 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIt is commonly believed that the Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional method plays an important role in obtaining input‐to‐state stability conditions of systems with interval time‐varying delays. For a system with an interval time‐varying delay, an appropriate functional should be constructed during applying the method. Nevertheless, the delay has an interesting property that the delay in different delay intervals can have varying impacts on the system. In a way, the property is not considered adequately for the Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional method, which may give rise to conservative conditions. This article proposes a new input‐to‐state stability analysis method by taking advantage of the ignored property. When the new method is adopted, multiple functionals are constructed for the delay in the different delay intervals. This means that the multiple functionals method is more applicable in practice than the Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional method. With the help of the proposed method, new input‐to‐state stability conditions for linear delay systems are derived. A numerical example is presented to show that the obtained conditions are effective. At last, the newly derived conditions are applied to power systems with delayed load frequency control schemes.
A Conductive 3D Dual‐Metal π‐d Conjugated Metal–Organic Framework Fe3(HITP)2/bpm@Co for Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Lin Lingtong , Zhang Caiyun , Yin Liwen , Sun Yuewen , Xing Danning , Liu Yuanyuan , Wang Peng , Wang Zeyan , Zheng Zhaoke , Cheng Hefeng , Dai Ying , Huang Baibiao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlthough 2D π‐d conjugated metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit high in‐plane conductivity, the closely stacked layers result in low specific surface area and difficulty in mass transfer and diffusion. Hence, a conductive 3D MOF Fe3(HITP)2/bpm@Co (HITP = 2,3,6,7,10,11‐hexaiminotriphenylene) is reported through inserting bpm (4,4′‐bipyrimidine) ligands and Co2+ into the interlayers of 2D MOF Fe3(HITP)2. Compared to 2D Fe3(HITP)2 (37.23 m2 g−1), 3D Fe3(HITP)2/bpm@Co displays a huge improvement in the specific surface area (373.82 m2 g−1). Furthermore, the combined experimental and density functional theory (DFT) theoretical calculations demonstrate the metallic behavior of Fe3(HITP)2/bpm@Co, which will benefit to the electrocatalytic activity of it. Impressively, Fe3(HITP)2/bpm@Co exhibits prominent and stable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance (an overpotential of 299 mV vs RHE at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 37.14 mV dec−1), which is superior to 2D Fe3(HITP)2 and comparable to commercial IrO2. DFT theoretical calculation reveals that the combined action of the Fe and Co sites in Fe3(HITP)2/bpm@Co is responsible for the enhanced electrocatalytic activity. This work provides an alternative approach to develop conductive 3D MOFs as efficient electrocatalysts.
Performance analysis of three pilot‐scale multi‐compartment anaerobic baffled reactors treating domestic wastewater at psychrophilic temperatures in Colorado
Authors: Callahan Jennie L. , Pfluger Andrew R. , Coffey Carolyn L. , Figueroa Linda A. , Munakata‐Marr Junko 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA transition from inefficient aerobic wastewater treatment methods to sustainable approaches is needed. Anaerobic bioreactors are a viable solution as they consume less energy, reduce biosolid production, and provide a source of renewable methane‐rich biogas. A barrier to widespread implementation of anaerobic technologies is the lack of design guidance, especially in colder climates. This study bridges this knowledge gap by deriving design principles from three long‐running pilot‐scale anaerobic baffled reactors (ABRs) operating under psychrophilic conditions. The ABRs removed an average of 56% and 80% chemical oxygen demand (COD) and suspended solids, respectively, with a methane yield of 0.21 L CH4/g CODrem. Methane production may be improved with increased influent sCOD concentrations and decreased sulfate concentrations. Results suggest that ABRs can treat a range of wastewater strengths accompanied by useable methane production. Despite sharing location, temperature, and HRT, the ABRs displayed distinct performances, highlighting the significance of influent wastewater characteristics.Practitioner Points
ABRs achieved 56% and 80% removal efficiencies for COD and suspended solids.
Average biogas was 63% methane, and methane yield was 0.21 L CH4/g CODrem.
Volumetric methane production was positively correlated with the influent sCOD/sulfate ratio and negatively correlated with influent sulfate loading.
Umsetzung des Backend im Autorenn-Demonstrator
Authors: Eickhoff Thomas , Göbel Jens C. 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDieses Kapitel stellt die Entwicklung und Implementierung eines Anwendungsszenarios für das Datenbackend dar, das die im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts AKKORD entwickelten Lösungskomponenten veranschaulicht. Der Demonstrator nutzt eine Modellautorennbahn im Maßstab 1:32 als Datenquelle und greift auf die Daten mittels eines Datenzugriffsbausteins zu. Die Modellautos dienen dabei als Internet of Things-Datenquellen, die Zeitstempel für Zwischen- und Rundenzeiten sowie simulierte Tankfüllstände liefern. Diese Daten werden in einem Datenbackend gespeichert und anschließend für die Datenanalyse bereitgestellt. Der technische Aufbau des Demonstrators wird detailliert beschrieben, einschließlich der eingesetzten Protokolle und Technologien wie Bluetooth, MQTT und der Python-Bibliothek carreralib. Die Datenverwaltung erfolgt u. a. über die Software Contact Elements for IoT, und die Weitergabe der Daten an Analysebausteine wird über die SP2 IDER-Plattform ermöglicht. Der Demonstrator zeigt die praktische Umsetzung der im Projekt entwickelten Ansätze zum Aufbau einer Backend-Lösung und dient als durchgängiges Anwendungsbeispiel für den AKKORD-Referenzbaukasten. Die entwickelten Ansätze können an die individuellen Bedürfnisse und Gegebenheiten von Unternehmen angepasst werden, um Backend-Bausteine im Unternehmenskontext einzusetzen. Anhand des Demonstrators lassen sich die Konzepte einfach erklären, gleichzeitig wird eine Validierung der entwickelten Lösungsbausteine ermöglicht. Im Rahmen dieses Kapitels werden insb. die Datenanbindung, -speicherung und -weitergabe vorgestellt.
Abstraktion und Übertragbarkeit von Datenanalysen im industriellen Kontext
Authors: Syberg Marius , West Nikolai , Klapic Edin , Schwenken Jörn , Klinkenberg Ralf , Deuse Jochen 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDatenanalysen müssen für die zielführende Anwendung im industriellen Kontext, insbesondere in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen, entsprechend mehreren Anforderungen gestaltet sein. Dabei müssen sie vorrangig Wissen zu den jeweiligen Problemstellungen aus Daten generieren und gleichzeitig leicht für Anwender zugänglich sein, die aus verschiedenen Gründen nicht täglich mit und an ihnen arbeiten. Im Forschungsprojekt AKKORD wurde eine Lösung erarbeitet, mit der Datenanalyseprozesse zu zielgerichteten Modulen abstrahiert werden können. Das eröffnet die Möglichkeit Analysen auch in anderen Anwendungsfällen, beispielsweise in anderen Werken oder in anderen Abteilungen wiederverwenden zu können. Die im Forschungsvorhaben entwickelte Plattform wird als AI-Toolbox bezeichnet und in diesem Kapitel ausführlich vorgestellt. Mithilfe der AI-Toolbox können entwickelte Datenanalysen zum einen vorbereitet und bereitgestellt und zum anderen ausgewählt und ausgeführt werden. Das folgende Kapitel betrachtet dabei sowohl die vorherrschenden Anforderungen als auch die methodische Idee der Abstraktion und Übertragbarkeit von Datenanalysen im industriellen Kontext. Die Arbeiten führen die theoretischen Überlegungen zur Prozesskette der industriellen Datenanalyse fort und umfassen mit der Datenanalyse und -verwendung entsprechend den zweiten und dritten Schritt dieser Kette. Darüber hinaus wird die entwickelte Plattform AI-Toolbox als Schlüsseltechnologie für das Nutzen und Teilen der Module im Detail vorgestellt.
Emetic risk classification and evaluation of the emetogenicity of antineoplastic agents—updated MASCC/ESMO consensus recommendation
Authors: Jordan Karin , Chan Alexandre , Gralla Richard J. , Jahn Franziska , Rapoport Bernardo , Ruhlmann Christina H. , Sayegh Paula , Hesketh Paul J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Our goal was to identify new anticancer agents approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medical Agency (EMA) since the 2016 MASCC/ESMO antiemetic update and classify their emetic potential.

Methods
The MASCC/ESMO Expert Panel classified the emetogenicity of the identified new antineoplastic agents based on nonsystematic reviews of randomized controlled trials, analysis of product labeling, and evaluation of emetic classification in other international guidelines and informal consensus. The emetogenic classification system for oral anticancer agents was revised into two emetic risk categories (minimal–low; moderate–high) to be consistent with the system reported by ASCO (American Society of Clinical Oncology) in their 2017 guideline update. The previously employed four emetic risk classification categories for intravenously administered antineoplastic agents were retained for this update.

Results
From June 2015 to January 2023, 107 new antineoplastic agents (44 intravenously administered and 63 orally administered agents) were identified. The reported incidence of vomiting varied significantly across studies for many agents, especially for oral anticancer agents.

Conclusion
The MASCC/ESMO Expert Panel acknowledges the limitations of our efforts to classify the emetic potential of anticancer agents, especially the imprecision associated with oral agents. However, we have attempted to provide a reasonable approximation of the emetic risk associated with new antineoplastic agents by searching the available literature and reviewing other available international antiemetic guidelines.