bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tunable Metamaterials for Impact Mitigation
Authors: Smith Lawrence , Hayes Brandon , Ford Kurtis , Smith Elizabeth , Flores David , MacCurdy Robert 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTraditional methods of shielding fragile goods and human tissues from impact energy rely on isotropic foam materials. The mechanical properties of these foams are inferior to an emerging class of metamaterials called plate lattices, which have predominantly been fabricated in simple 2.5‐dimensional geometries using conventional methods that constrain the feasible design space. In this work, additive manufacturing is used to relax these constraints and realize plate lattice metamaterials with nontrivial, locally varying geometry. The limitations of traditional computer‐aided design tools are circumvented and allow the simulation of complex buckling and collapse behaviors without a manual meshing step. By validating these simulations against experimental data from tests on fabricated samples, sweeping exploration of the plate lattice design space is enabled. Numerical and experimental tests demonstrate plate lattices absorb up to six times more impact energy at equivalent densities relative to foams and shield objects from impacts ten times more energetic while transmitting equivalent peak stresses. In contrast to previous investigations of plate lattice metamaterials, designs with nonuniform geometric prebuckling in the out‐of‐plane direction is explored and showed that these designs exhibit 10% higher energy absorption efficiency on average and 25% higher in the highest‐performing design.
Characterizing the Thickness Distribution of Donor and Acceptor in Organic Photovoltaics via Quasi‐Monochromatic Light Transmittance
Authors: Chang Jingyu , Zhang Guoxin , Zhang Chuwei , Xu Chenghao , Xia Huihui , Deng Weiwei , Zhao Xinyan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe performance of organic solar cells is sensitive to the film thickness and the uniformity of the donor and acceptor distribution in the photoactive layer. Especially, in the quasi‐planar heterojunction fabricated by layer‐by‐layer process, the donor and acceptor materials may be non‐homogeneously distributed across the entire photoactive layer. Visualization of the spatial distributions of donor and acceptor components sheds light on the relationship between nanostructures and device performances. Based on the distinct infrared absorption characteristics of the organic donor and acceptor, a quasi‐monochromatic light transmittance (QMLT) technique is proposed to quantify the donor and/or acceptor thickness in the photoactive layer blend across the entire device area with nanometer precision. The variation in thickness of donor and acceptor can be clearly and separately revealed. Accordingly, the impacts of spin coating techniques (such as dynamic or static dispensing, and on‐center or off‐center spin coating), as well as solvent choices, on film morphology and device performance can be correlated by the noncontact, nondestructive, and convenient QMLT method.
Light Out‐Coupling for High‐Performance Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes by π‐π Oriented PEDOT: PSS
Authors: Zhao Yaolong , Xiang Yang , Qi Hui , Hu Binbin , Wang Aqiang , Fang Yan , Jiang Xiaohong , Wang Shujie , Du Zuliang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBreaking the theoretical limits of external quantum efficiency (EQE) and obtaining quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) with high brightness, high efficiency, and low operating voltage is the basis of commercial applications in display and illumination. Devices with an EQE of over 20% can be realized by carrier equilibrium injection and light out‐coupling enhancement. However, it is difficult to synergistically enhance the performance of QLEDs by combining the light out‐coupling and the hole enhancement injection. In this paper, the injection enhancement of holes and the light out‐coupling are realized simultaneously only by nano‐imprint lithography (NIL). The π─π bonds of the PEDOT: PSS film treated by NIL demonstrate a molecular orientation perpendicular to the substrate, which improves the injection of the hole. The PEDOT: PSS patterned by NIL further presents improved light out‐coupling. Consequently, the EQE of red‐QLED is 30.42% with a synergistic enhancement factor of 61%, accompanying the maximum brightness increased by 8% to 125 200 cd m−2 at 4.6 V (Vturn‐on, 1.74 V). The EQE and brightness of green‐QLED increased by 38.9% and 34.3% to 24.16% and 279 700 cd m−2, respectively. Therefore, NIL will provide new insights into synergistically enhancing light out‐coupling and internal quantum efficiency to break through the performance of electroluminescence (EL).
Visible Light‐Induced Redox‐Neutral Selenocyclization of ortho‐Vinylanilides: Oxygen‐Controlled Synthesis of 4H‐3,1‐Benzoxazines
Authors: Hong Young Taek , Park Jiwoo , Kim Hun Young , Oh Kyungsoo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA visible‐light‐induced selenocyclization of ortho‐vinylanilides to 4H‐3,1‐benzoxazines has been developed under controlled O2 atmosphere. The low O2 content in reaction medium promotes the aerobic selenol oxidation to diselenides for the full use of 2 equiv. selenyl radicals in a redox‐neutral way, avoiding the aerobic oxidation of ortho‐vinylanilides under higher O2 content. The developed visible light‐induced selenocyclization of ortho‐vinylanilides utilizes only visible light with low O2 content, eliminating the use of exogenous photocatalyst and chemical oxidant.
Activation of Intestinal HIF2α Ameliorates Iron‐Refractory Anemia
Authors: Yu Yingying , Su Yunxing , Yang Sisi , Liu Yutong , Lin Zhiting , Das Nupur K. , Wu Qian , Zhou Jiahui , Sun Shumin , Li Xiaopeng , Yue Wuyang , Shah Yatrik M. , Min Junxia , Wang Fudi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn clinics, hepcidin levels are elevated in various anemia‐related conditions, particularly in iron‐refractory anemia and in high inflammatory states that suppress iron absorption, which remains an urgent unmet medical need. To identify effective treatment options for various types of iron‐refractory anemia, the potential effect of hypoxia and pharmacologically‐mimetic drug FG‐4592 (Roxadustat) are evaluated, a hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF)‐prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitor, on mouse models of iron‐refractory iron‐deficiency anemia (IRIDA), anemia of inflammation and 5‐fluorouracil‐induced chemotherapy‐related anemia. The potent protective effects of both hypoxia and FG‐4592 on IRIDA as well as other 2 tested mouse cohorts are found. Mechanistically, it is demonstrated that hypoxia or FG‐4592 could stabilize duodenal Hif2α, leading to the activation of Fpn transcription regardless of hepcidin levels, which in turn results in increased intestinal iron absorption and the amelioration of hepcidin‐activated anemias. Moreover, duodenal Hif2α overexpression fully rescues phenotypes of Tmprss6 knockout mice, and Hif2α knockout in the gut significantly delays the recovery from 5‐fluorouracil‐induced anemia, which can not be rescued by FG‐4592 treatment. Taken together, the findings of this study provide compelling evidence that targeting intestinal hypoxia‐related pathways can serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for treating a broad spectrum of anemia, especially iron refractory anemia.
Electrolyte‐Gated Vertical Transistor Charge Transport Enables Photo‐Switching
Authors: Vieira Douglas Henrique , Nogueira Gabriel Leonardo , Merces Leandro , Bufon Carlos César Bof , Alves Neri 
Published: January 2024

AbstractProposals for new architectures that shorten the length of the transistor channel without the need for high‐end techniques are the focus of very recent breakthrough research. Although vertical and electrolyte‐gate transistors are previously developed separately, recent advances have introduced electrolytes into vertical transistors, resulting in electrolyte‐gated vertical field‐effect transistors (EGVFETs), which feature lower power consumption and higher capacitance. Here, EGVFETs are employed to study the charge transport mechanism of spray‐pyrolyzed zinc oxide (ZnO) films to develop a new photosensitive switch concept. The EGVFET's diode cell revealed a current‐voltage relationship arising from space‐charge‐limited current (SCLC), whereas its capacitor cell provided the field‐effect role in charge accumulation in the device's source perforations. The findings elucidate how the field effect causes a continuous shift in SCLC regimes, impacting the switching dynamics of the transistor. It is found ultraviolet light may mimic the field effect, i.e., a pioneering demonstration of current switching as a function of irradiance in an EGVFET. The research provides valuable insights into the charge transport characterization of spray‐pyrolyzed ZnO‐based transistors, paving the way for future nano‐ and optoelectronic applications.
Polycaprolactone‐Based Zinc Ink for High Conductivity Transient Printed Electronics and Antennas
Authors: Baumbauer Carol L. , Gopalakrishnan Anupam , Atreya Madhur , Whiting Gregory L. , Arias Ana C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDistributed sensors and electronics can be used in agriculture to optimize crop management and improve environmental outcomes. Electronic devices in these outdoor spaces require medium to long range (>1m) wireless communication of data over several weeks or months, which in turn requires high conductivity (1 × 105 Sm−1) antennas. Printed bioinert or ecoresorbable conductors, comprising carbon, magnesium, or zinc fillers, typically exhibit conductivity on the order of 10–1000 Sm−1 and lifetimes from a few hours to a few days. A print‐based fabrication process for chemically treated zinc traces, which achieves conductivity of up to 6 × 105 Sm−1 is reported here. The ink formulation uses a non‐water‐soluble soil biodegradable polycaprolactone binder. The ink and printing processes reported here led to stable conductive traces that are used in ultra high frequency radio frequency identification (UHF‐RFID) folded dipole antennas operating at 915 MHz. The conductivity of the printed traces is maintained for over 70 days in ambient environments when traces are protected by a biodegradable beeswax encapsulation layer.
Data‐Driven Decoupling Structural Feature Correlation for Harnessing Anionic Capacity in Na Layered Oxide
Authors: Kim Jongbeom , Yoon Sangho , Kim Taesoo , Choi Gwanghyeon , Kwon Dohyeong , Kee Joonyoung , Hwang Juncheol , Min Woosik , Lee Seokhyun , Shin Seungun , Kim Duho 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA data‐driven understanding of the reaction mechanism of the O3‐type Na[Li1/3Mn2/3]O2‐layered cathode model is systematically performed to decouple the complex correlations of covariate scale‐dependent variables in diagnosing and solving structural problems for facilitating nonhysteretic and reversible (nHR) oxygen capacities using interpretable machine learning (ML) assisted by density functional theory. A large dataset of vacancy formation energies depending on the desodiation mode for the oxide is investigated in detail, and it provides two numerical principles: i) linearizing the energy landscape and ii) steepening its slope to reach the ideal reaction. The heatmaps comprising Pearson coefficient correlation values are broken down into two‐scale components: i) macroscopic and ii) local structure features. Deriving the overall mitigation of scale‐dependent covariate variables in negative correlation potentially leads to nHR anionic redox upon (dis)charging. Containing the scale‐dependent features, the interpretable ML model based on a gradient‐boosting machine predicts each formation energy well. With data‐driven comprehension, honeycomb‐ and turtle‐type superstructures (TS) have been suggested depending on the thermodynamic (un)favorable pathways during desodiation from a local structural perspective, and the dangling O2– in the TS is a critical origin leading to the formation of O2 molecules trapped in the bulk.
In Situ Study of Purified Phase Transition Path for α‐FAPbI3 Crystallization
Authors: Wang Xianjin , Zheng Guanhaojie , Gao Feng , Li Liang , Luo Chao , Zhan Changling , Li Yang , Ma Yingzhuang , Gao Xingyu , Zhou Huanping , Zhao Qing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhase transition during annealing in the two‐step sequential deposition has drawn intensive attention as its significance in fabricating superior perovskite films. However, previous works have not paid enough attention to the importance of the purified phase transition path in the crystallization process. Herein, different from the mixed paths in the conventional cognition, purified phase transition path for α‐FAPbI3 crystallization is achieved by introducing dimethylurea (DMU) into lead iodide (PbI2) precursor solution. The multifunctional molecule is found to design a penetrable porous PbI2 film and fundamentally regulate the perovskite crystallization by forming single phase transition path via the complete δ‐phase during annealing of perovskite. The role of DMU in purified transition path for α‐FAPbI3 crystallization is unraveled with in situ photoluminescence and grazing incidence wide‐angle x‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) investigation. The crystal quality of perovskite films is significantly improved, resulting in single crystal‐like film. The best‐performing perovskite solar cells (PSCs) deliver a power conversion efficiency of 24.75%, resulting from the higher FF of 83.25% and an improved long‐term stability up to 3600 h. This work highlights the importance of purified phase transition path for the superior crystal quality toward high‐performance perovskite photovoltaics.
Analysing determinate components of an approximated Luenberger–Hicks–Moorsteen productivity indicator: An application to German dairy‐processing firms
Authors: Ang Frederic , Ramsden Stephen J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Luenberger–Hicks–Moorsteen (LHM) total factor productivity (TFP) indicator has sound theoretical properties, but its decomposition yields indeterminate components of technical change and scale efficiency change that can become infeasible. The current paper decomposes the approximating Bennet indicator, which results in determinate components of technical change, technical efficiency change, scale efficiency change and mix efficiency change that are always feasible. The application focuses on the German dairy‐processing sector, an important postfarm supply chain actor. We compute 558 growth rates for the period 2011–2020. The results show that the LHM‐approximating Bennet indicator decreases by on average 1.14% p.a., with substantial annual fluctuations. The underlying components of output‐ and input‐oriented technical change also fluctuate substantially, and often conflict. Moreover, output‐ and input‐oriented TFP efficiency change fluctuate moderately on average, which is mainly driven by scale efficiency change and mix efficiency change. The components of technical efficiency change remain relatively stable on average. Indeterminateness is a relevant problem when decomposing the original LHM indicator for the current sample: depending on the specification, the proportion of infeasibilities when decomposing the original LHM indicator ranges between 6.09% and 15.95%. Our proposed determinate decomposition is thus a valuable complement. [EconLit Citations: D24, D25, Q13].
ARID2, a milder cause of Coffin‐Siris Syndrome? Broadening the phenotype with 17 additional individuals
Authors: Schrier Vergano Samantha A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCoffin‐Siris Syndrome (CSS, MIM 135900) is now a well‐described genetic condition caused by pathogenic variants in the Bromocriptine activating factor (BAF) complex, including ARID1B, ARID1A, ARID2, SMARCA4, SMARCE1, SMARCB1, SOX11, SMARCC2, DPF2, and more recently, BICRA. Individuals with CSS have a spectrum of various medical challenges, most often evident at birth, including feeding difficulties, hypotonia, organ‐system anomalies, and learning and developmental differences. The classic finding of fifth digit hypo‐ or aplasia is seen variably. ARID2, previously described, is one of the less frequently observed gene changes in CSS. Although individuals with ARID2 have been reported to have classic features of CSS including hypertrichosis, coarse facial features, short stature, and fifth digit anomalies, as with many of the other CSS genes, there appears to be a spectrum of phenotypes. We report here a cohort of 17 individuals with ARID2 variants from the Coffin‐Siris/BAF clinical registry and detail their medical challenges as well as developmental progress. Feeding difficulties, hypotonia, and short stature occur often, and hip dysplasia appears to occur more often than with other genes, however more severe medical challenges such as significant brain and cardiac malformations are rarer. Individuals appear to have mild to moderate intellectual impairment and may carry additional diagnoses such as ADHD. Further phenotypic description of this gene will aid clinicians caring for individuals with this rarer form of CSS.
Sticky places for regional immigrant settlement: A literature review
Authors: Bakshi Leena , McKenzie Fiona Haslam , Bolleter Julian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSince 1996, migration‐related schemes have directed new immigrants, refugees and humanitarian entrants to regional Australia to mitigate the need for skills and declining population growth in these locations. However, a key concern of these schemes is the uncertainty of long‐term immigrant retention in regional locations beyond the stipulated visa category period. We draw on the metaphor of stickiness: the ability of geographic clusters to attract and retain to examine Australian regional settlement literature and identify factors and processes associated with immigrant settlement and retention. Through a systematic and rigorous review process, we identify seven interconnected factors and processes nestled amongst three core themes of sticky factors and processes that attract, enable and impede settlement and retention contributing to the growing knowledge regarding regional immigrant settlement and retention.
Cultural care and Aboriginal land rights in New South Wales
Authors: Norman Heidi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn appreciation of Aboriginal land rights in New South Wales (NSW) is characterised by two dominant narratives. One is that land rights are central to achieving and advancing recognition and support for the existence and survival of Aboriginal peoples in the settled spaces of south‐eastern Australia. In this view, Aboriginal land rights realise intrinsic political power. The second dominant narrative is that the land estate restituted to Aboriginal people's Local Aboriginal Land Councils (LALCs) is to be “activated” and “leveraged” for economic prosperity of collectively defined groups and shared to support and sustain individuals and families. This perspective holds that land enables realisation of wealth and prosperity. Although these narratives are based in truth, they have served to make some important work and values held by Aboriginal people less visible in any evaluation of the benefits of land rights. It is this less visible work, the work of care that is unique to Aboriginal worlds and made possible by the resources and structures of LALCs realised through the Aboriginal Land Rights Act, 1983, that is the focus of this paper.
Initiating a High‐Rate and Stable Aqueous Air Battery by Using Organic N‐Heterocycle Anode
Authors: Li Senlin , Hu Sanlue , Li Hongfei , Han Cuiping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlkaline metal‐air batteries are advantageous in high voltage, low cost, and high safety. However, metal anodes are heavily eroded in strong alkaline electrolytes, causing serious side reactions including dendrite growth, passivation, and hydrogen evolution. To address this limitation, we successfully synthesized an organic N‐heterocycle compound (NHCC) to serve as an alternative anode. This compound not only exhibits remarkable stability but also possesses a low redox potential (−1.04 V vs. Hg/HgO) in alkaline environments. To effectively complement the low redox potential of the NHCC anode, we designed a dual‐salt highly concentrated electrolyte (4.0 M KOH+10.0 M KCF3SO3). This electrolyte expands the electrochemical stability window to 2.3 V through the robust interaction between the O atom in H2O molecule with the K+ of KCF3SO3 (H−O⋅⋅⋅KCF3SO3). We further demonstrated the K+ uptaken/extraction storage mechanism of NHCC anodes. Consequently, the alkaline aqueous NHCC anode‐air batteries delivers a high battery voltage of 1.6 V, high‐rate performance (101.9 mAh g−1 at 100 A g−1) and long cycle ability (30,000 cycles). Our work offers a molecular engineering strategy for superior organic anode materials and develops a novel double superconcentrated conductive salt electrolyte for the construction of high‐rate, long‐cycle alkaline aqueous organic anode‐air batteries.
Tetrazine‐Isonitrile Bioorthogonal Fluorogenic Reactions Enable Multiplex Labeling and Wash‐Free Bioimaging of Live Cells
Authors: Deng Yingqiao , Shen Tianruo , Yu Xinyu , Li Jie , Zou Peixuan , Gong Qiyong , Zheng Yongxiang , Sun Hongbao , Liu Xiaogang , Wu Haoxing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDeveloping fluorogenic probes for simultaneous live cell labeling of multiple targets is crucial for understanding complex cellular events. The emerging [4+1] cycloaddition between tetrazine and isonitriles holds promise as a bioorthogonal tool, yet existing tetrazine probes lack reactivity and fluorogenicity. Here, we present the development of a series of tetrazine‐functionalized bioorthogonal probes. By incorporating pyrazole adducts into the fluorophore scaffolds, the post‐reacted probes displayed remarkable fluorescence turn‐on ratios, up to 3184‐fold. Moreover, these modifications are generalizable to various fluorophores, enabling a broad emission range from 473 to 659 nm. Quantum chemical calculations further elucidate the turn‐on mechanisms. These probes enable the simultaneous labeling of multiple targets in live cells, without the need for a washing step. Consequently, our findings pave the way for advanced multiplex imaging and detection techniques for cellular studies.
Locally Concentrated Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Wide‐Temperature‐Range Aluminum‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Xu Cheng , Diemant Thomas , Mariani Alessandro , Di Pietro Maria Enrica , Mele Andrea , Liu Xu , Passerini Stefano 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAluminum−sulfur (Al−S) batteries are promising energy storage devices due to their high theoretical capacity, low cost, and high safety. However, the high viscosity and inferior ion transport of conventionally used ionic liquid electrolytes (ILEs) limit the kinetics of Al−S batteries, especially at sub‐zero temperatures. Herein, locally concentrated ionic liquid electrolytes (LCILE) formed via diluting the ILEs with non‐solvating 1,2‐difluorobenzene (dFBn) co‐solvent are proposed for wide‐temperature‐range Al−S batteries. The addition of dFBn effectively promotes the fluidity and ionic conductivity without affecting the AlCl4−/Al2Cl7− equilibrium, which preserves the reversible stripping/plating of aluminum and further promotes the overall kinetics of Al−S batteries. As a result, Al−S cells employing the LCILE exhibit higher specific capacity, better cyclability, and lower polarization with respect to the neat ILE in a wide temperature range from −20 to 40 °C. For instance, Al−S batteries employing the LCILE sustain a remarkable capacity of 507 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at 20 °C, while only 229 mAh g−1 is delivered with the dFBn‐free electrolyte under the same condition. This work demonstrates the favorable use of LCILEs for wide‐temperature Al−S batteries.