bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discontinuous clogging in gently tapered microchannels reveals a transient Markov process
Authors: Majekodunmi Olukayode , Hashmi Sara 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Colloidal clogging is typically studied in pores with constrictions arranged in parallel or series.
In these systems, clogging statistics are governed by Poisson processes; the time interval between
clogging events exhibits an exponential distribution. However, an entirely different phenomenon
is observed in a gently tapered pore geometry. Unlike in non-tapered constrictions, rigid particles
clogging tapered microchannels form discrete and discontinuous clogs. In a parallelized system of
tapered microchannels, we analyze distributions of clog dimensions for different flow conditions. Clog
width distributions reveal a lognormal process, arising from concurrent clogging across independent
parallel microchannels. Clog lengths, however, which are analogous to growth time, are exponentially
distributed. This indicates a Poisson process where events do not occur simultaneously. These two
processes are contradictory: clogging events are statistically dependent within each channel while
clogs grow simultaneously across independent channels. The coexistence of Poisson and lognormal
processes suggests a transient Markov process in which clogs occur both independently of, and
dependently on, other clogs. Therefore, discussions of the stochastic character of clogging may
require holistic consideration of the quantities used to assess it. This study reveals small adjustments
to pore spaces can lead to qualitative differences in clogging dynamics, suggesting the importance
of geometry.
Hyperphagia and Impulsivity: Use of self-administered Dykens' and in-house Impulsivity questionnaires to characterize eating behaviors in children with severe and early-onset obesity
Authors: Arnouk Lara , Chantereau Hélène , Courbage Sophie , Tounian Patrick , Clément Karine , Poitou Christine , Dubern Beatrice 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background The determinants of early-onset obesity (< 6 years) are not completely elucidated, however eating behavior has a central role. To date no study has explored eating behavior in children with severe, early-onset obesity. Self-administered questionnaire data from these children were examined to evaluate eating behavior and the etiology of early-onset obesity.
Methods Children with severe, early-onset obesity (body mass index [BMI] > International Obesity Task Force [IOTF] 30) of different etiologies (hypothalamic obesity [HO], intellectual disability with obesity [IDO], common polygenic obesity [CO]) were prospectively included. BMI history and responses from the Dykens’ Hyperphagia Questionnaire and an in-house Impulsivity Questionnaire at first visit were compared between groups.
Results This cohort of 75 children (39 girls; mean age ± standard deviation [SD] 10.8±4.4 years) had severe, early-onset obesity at an age of 3.8±2.7 years, with a BMI Z-score of 4.9±1.5. BMI history varied between the 3 groups, with earlier severe obesity in the HO group versus 2 other groups (BMI > IOTF40 at 3.4±1.6 vs. 4.6±1.6 and 8.4±4.1 years for the IDO and CO groups, respectively [P < 0.01]). Absence of adiposity rebound was more prevalent in the HO group (87% vs. 63% and 33% for the IDO and CO groups, respectively [P< 0.01]). The Dykens’ mean total score for the cohort was 22.1±7.2 with no significant between-group differences. Hyperphagia (Dykens’ score > 19) and impulsivity (score > 7) were found in 50 (67%) and 11 children (15%), respectively, with no difference between the HO, IDO and CO groups regarding the number of patients with hyperphagia (10 [67%], 14 [74%], and 26 [63%] children, respectively) or impulsivity (2 [13%], 1 [7%], and 8 [19%] children, respectively). Children with food impulsivity had significantly higher total and severity scores on the Dykens’ Questionnaire versus those without impulsivity.
Conclusion The Dykens’ and Impulsivity questionnaires can help diagnose severe hyperphagia with/without food impulsivity in children with early-onset obesity, regardless of disease origin. Their systematic use can allow more targeted management of food access control in clinical practice and monitor the evolution of eating behavior in the case of innovative therapeutic targeting hyperphagia.
Identification of shared Gene/Drug and Gene/Disease genetic associations in a mental health/substance use disorder patient population across an addiction treatment network using Pharmacogenomic testing
Authors: Silverman Steven 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The human cost in terms of death and disability in individuals with mental health and addiction disorders and the subsequent destructive effect on families and communities in the United States has emerged as a significant public health burden in recent years. The discovery of any shared genetic associations underlying co-existing psychiatric and addiction disorders in this patient population could lead to the development of new treatment strategies based on identification of certain gene biomarkers in genetically susceptible individuals in addition to expanded clinical use of pharmacogenomic-guided medication management. To address these critical public health issues, the Recovery Treatment Centers of America (RCA) implemented a network-wide mental health initiative employing pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing as a tool to aid healthcare providers in enhancing clinical decision-making in drug prescribing. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping analysis was performed on genomic DNA isolated from buccal swab specimens and analyzed using real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). This retrospective observational study aimed to identify significant pharmacokinetic gene/drug associations that impact patient medication regimens and explore pharmacodynamic genes that may influence clinical responses in a population of individuals with mental health/substance use disorders.
Reform of the first year of medical studies and diversification of student profiles in France: an unmet need?
Authors: Khanna Raoul Kanav , Blanchard Emmanuelle , Pasco Jeremy , Diot Patrice , Angoulvant Denis 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives: To determine whether the reform of the first year of medical studies implemented in September 2020 in France met its objective of diversifying the profiles of students admitted to second year at the faculty of medicine at the University of Tours.
Methods: Single-centered, retrospective study, covering students who passed the first year of medical studies between 2018 and 2022. Student profiles originating from three different entry gateways (PACES, PASS and L.AS) to the second year of medical studies were compared.
Results: 1479 students over five promotions were included. The ratio of students who had obtained a scientific baccalaureate was 98.8% in the reform year compared to 99.2% in average to the previous years. For students in the reform year, 43.4% passed their high school diploma with highest honors compared to 57.9% in average the previous years while 11.8% obtained their high school diploma with a standard pass, compared to 2.2 % in average the previous years (p < 0.001). These differences were related to increased student intake via a standard pass in L.AS (44.8% to 8.5% in PACES and 1.5% in PASS) (p < 0.001). In terms of geographical origin, the ratio of students domiciled in the territory of the faculty of medicine was one in two students from PACESand PASS (average: 50.5%) compared to one in three from L.AS(33.9%) (p = 0.023). The proportion of students with at least one or both parents from the white-collar and knowledge professional category was higher in PASS (1 parent: 72.8% compared to 57.2% in PACES and 48.2% in L.AS (p = 0.002); 2 parents: 34.6% compared to 26.2% in PACES and 17.9% in L.AS (p = 0.051)).
Conclusions: Students with a scientific background and who obtained highest honors in their high school diploma, remain the standard in PACESand PASS. Diversification of student profiles was achieved only within the L.AS gateway, which represented only a minority of students (17%) of total second year admissions. Student profile diversification was therefore a partially achieved objective and follow up studies of future promotions is needed to assess the medium and long-term impact of the reform. Particular attention should be paid to the future of these students who have different profiles between L.ASand PASS to determine whether these changes will have any impact in the quality of healthcare for the French population.
Machine learning-based radiomic models for predicting metachronous liver metastases in colorectal cancer patients: a multimodal study
Authors: Wang Jian-Ping , Zhang Ze-Ning , Shu Ding-Bo , Pang Zhen-Zhu , Luo Fang-Hong , Huang Ya-Nan , Tang Wei , Zhao Zhen-Hua , Sun Ji-Hong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a multimodal radiomic model powered by machine learning (ML) can accurately predict the occurrence of metachronous liver metastases (MLM) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).
Patients and methods:
A total of 157 consecutive patients with CRC between 2010 and 2020 were retrospectively included. Out of these patients, 67 experienced liver metastases within 2 years of treatment, while the remaining patients did not. Radiomic features were extracted from annotated MR images of the tumor and portal venous phase CT images of the liver for each patient. Following that, ML-based radiomic models were then developed and integrated with the clinical features for MLM prediction by employing LASSO and RF algorithms. The performance of the model was evaluated using the ROC curve, while the clinical utility was measured using the DCA curve.
Results
A total of 922 and 1216 radiomic features were extracted from the MRI and CT images of each patient, quantifying the intensity, shape, orientation, and texture of the tumor and liver, respectively. The mean area under the curves(AUCs) for predicting metachronous liver metastases were 0.80, 0.68, and 0.82 for the CT, MRI, and Merged models, respectively. For the Clinical and Clinical-Merged models, the AUCs were 0.64 and 0.72, respectively. There was no significant difference between the CT model and the Merged model (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Our preliminary results demonstrate the utility of ML-based radiomic models in predicting MLM in patients with CRC. However, further investigation is required to explore the potential of multimodal fusion models, as they offered only minimal improvement in diagnostic performance.
Effects of exogenous application of abscisic acid and melatonin on biochemical and molecular traits of Salicornia europaea under salinity stress
Authors: Qarehkhani Mehrnesa , Soltanlooh hassan , mokhtarpour hassan , ramezanpour sanaz , khorasaninejad sara , Akbarboojar masoud Mashhadi , tavakol elahe 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Salinity is a major factor limiting agricultural lands that causes adverse effects on plant growth and production. The use of exogenous compounds or growth regulators has often been effective in reducing the effects of environmental stresses and/or identifying stress-coping mechanisms in plants. Among 1560 halophytes, Salicornia europaea is known as a salt-tolerant species. This study aimed to understand the effects of the endogenous application of abscisic acid (ABA) and melatonin hormones and their combined effects on mechanisms involved in plant resistance to salinity stress to identify these mechanisms, genes associated with ion channels, and antioxidant enzymes involved in response to stress using real-time technology. S. europaea metabolism compounds, namely hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde, proline, phenol, sodium, potassium, and calcium were studied in control plants and under 400 mM salinity stress at 0, 6, 48, and 720 h (1 month) intervals. The best effects in terms of morphological, biochemical, and molecular traits were observed in spraying with both hormones at 400 mM salinity. This treatment reduced polyphenol oxidase activity, malondialdehyde content (by 35%), and H2O2 content, while it increased shoot (2.04 times) and root (76%) wet weights, shoot dry weight (2.45 times), K (by 19%) and Ca (by 79%) contents, and the Na/K ratio (by 30%). ABA spraying elevated catalase activity at 400 mM salinity. Spraying treatments led to the overexpression of SOD (by 21 times), SOS1 (by 1218 times), NHX1 (by 16 times), APX (by 214 times), HKT1 (by 470 times), and VHA-A (by 27 times) genes in some treatments compared to NT plants. The rapid response to stress is the main difference between stress-sensitive and tolerant plants. Spraying treatments resulted in elevated overexpression of genes involved in stress-responding mechanisms at early hours of salinity stress compared to control treatments, thereby increasing the tolerance of S. europaea to salinity stress.
“An explosion of alternative medicines in France!”: media-biased polyphonic epidemiology vs. evidence-based data
Authors: Berna Fabrice , Florens Nans , Verneuil Laurence , Paille François , Berna Chantal , Nizard Julien 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background: The media and several French official organizations report an “explosion” in the use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) in France, possibly “boosted” by the Covid-19 pandemic. In addition, the French Miviludes (Mission of Vigilance and Fight Against Sectarian Aberrations) routinely asserts in its yearly reports “a dramatic uptick” in sectarian aberrations in the health sector. However, data supporting those assertions are either scant or rarely compared with data from previous years to properly apprehend an evolution.
This paper aims to analyze existing data in this field and to examine in which domain (population-based survey, official reports, media) “increases” or “explosion” might be observed. We compared the data from France and Switzerland. In fact, no clear regulatory policy on CAM exists in France, whereas the Swiss population voted to include CAM into the Swiss Constitution in 2009.
Method: Surveys documenting the reported usage of CAM in both France and Switzerland were analyzed. Health-related sectarian aberrations were analyzed based on yearly reports of the French Miviludes and its Swiss counterpart (Inter-Cantonal Information Center on Beliefs). Then, the communication in the media on CAM was analyzed in the French media and in the scientific literature published in both countries. Three time periods were considered to apprehend the claimed boost of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Results: Our comprehensive analysis of available information sources does not suggest an “explosion” in CAM use or related sectarian misconduct. Reported CAM use in France was 39% in 2007 and later surveys did not find higher percentage. Reported CAM use increased from 24% to 28.9% between 2007 and 2017 in Switzerland. Referrals about health-related sectarian aberrations regularly increased until 2017 and then remained stable in France; they regularly decreased in Switzerland. Evidence for a pandemic boost was weak. In contrast, a steady increase was observed in the number of mentions in media of CAM.
Conclusion: Our analyses indicate a media-skewed, polyphonic epidemiology, which is not supported by available data. Health care specialists, Official organizations, journalists and politicians should become aware of biases concerning CAM and foster a more informed and balanced discourse regarding these practices.
Antiviral Activities of Aqueous Extracts of Aerial Parts of Spring and Autumn-harvested Artemisia aucheri Bioss. on Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
Authors: Zamanian Mahsa , Afaridoon Sahar , Asgari Emad , Bineshian Farahnaz , Saeedi Mina , Sharifi Zohreh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
In this study, Artemisia aucheri extracts (the vernal and Autumnal extracts) were used to investigate their antiviral effects against HSV-1. In the present paper, we aimed, to investigate the antiviral effects of Artemisia aucheri extracts of the vernal and autumnal against HSV-1 and also, the expression of the US6 gene and its protein level in cell culture.
Methods
The toxicity of the extracts was directly studied at different concentrations using the MTT assay on the Vero cell line. Also, the effects of Artemisia aucheri extracts on the gene expression of Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) US6 (gD) and protein synthesis were investigated using q-PCR and western blot methods, respectively.
Results
Our findings indicated that HSV-1 US6 gene expression was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) after being infected with the virus and adding Artemisia aucheri aqueous extracts at the same time. Also, the reduction of HSV-1 gD protein expression was confirmed by the western blot assay.
Conclusions
Artemisia aucheri aqueous extracts could be a new effective and potential treatment candidate for HSV-1 infections.
Application of flipped classroom combined with PBL teaching method in breast surgery teaching
Authors: Guo Lijing , Wang Xuewei , Li Zonghan , Li Zhaoyue 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Construct: Effectiveness of problem-based learning (PBL) combined with flipped classroom in breast surgery practical training.
Findings: The experimental group, which received PBL combined with flipped classroom teaching, demonstrated significantly superior results in subjective evaluations, theoretical examination scores, practical examination scores, and learning indicators compared to the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: The combination of PBL and flipped classroom teaching methods not only heightens students' enthusiasm for learning but also bolsters their self-learning capability, problem-solving skills, teamwork ability, and facilitates the effective assimilation of theoretical knowledge and practical skills in breast surgery for clinical medical students.
Thrombosed MCA aneurysm mimicking an insular Cavernous Angioma:a case report and literature review
Authors: Soler-rico Morgane , Finet Patrice 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) can mimic other lesions such as thrombosed aneurysms. Completely thrombosed aneurysms (CTA) are rare, especially in non-giant aneurysms.
Case presentation
We report a case of 40-year-old man with a presumed insular CCM. A surgery was performed and revealed a thrombotic distal middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysm. The treatment consisted in sac incision and partial debulking. We reviewed the cases of thrombotic non-giant CTA and lesions mimicking CCM in the literature.
Conclusion
Complete radiologic analysis and differential diagnosis remain crucial. For non-giant CTA, there is no clear consensus on their management, but they could be managed conservatively.
Gene therapy for hemophilia B in immature mice using ScAAV-DJ/8-LP1-hFIXco vector
Authors: Tang Yong Min , Bu Zi Bin , Lou JinTu , Xu Wei Qun , Zhang Ling Yan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Hemophilia B is an X-linked bleeding disorder that derives from the mutation in the gene encoding coagulation factor IX(FIX). Gene therapy provided the promising hope to cure the disease. Currently, pure virus injection is exclusively limited to adults, resulting in favorable outcomes. However, this approach has rarely been tested in pediatric patients due to its considerable impact on liver function. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a safer alternative approach for children. In this paper, we have successfully developed a novel ScAAV-DJ/8-LP1-hFIXco vector as a gene therapy tool for treating hemophilia B in immature mice. This work could potentially provide new evidence for gene therapy in pediatric patients with hemophilia B. Moreover, the ScAAV-DJ/8-LP1-hFIXco vector may hold promise as a potential treatment option for pediatric and adult patients with hemophilia B.
Prevalence of electrographic seizures in hospitalized patients with altered mental status with no significant seizure risk factors who underwent continuous EEG monitoring.
Authors: GARRIDO ELENA , Adeli Amir , Echeverria-Villalobos Marco , Diaz Juan Fiorda , Hannawi Yousef 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the prevalence of electrographic seizures in hospitalized patients with altered mental status and no significant risk factors for seizures.Methods We retrospectively reviewed over a six-year period (2013–2019) the medical records of all adults admitted at Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (OSUWMC), who underwent cEEG monitoring for ≥ 48 hours. Our primary objective was to identify the prevalence of electrographic seizures in patients with altered mental status and no significant acute or remote risk factors for seizures.Results A total of 1966 patients were screened for the study, 1892 were excluded (96.2%) and 74 patients met inclusion criteria. Electrographic seizures were identified in seven of 74 (9.45%). We found a significant correlation between electrographic seizures and history of hepatic cirrhosis, n = 4 (57%), (p = 0.035), acute on chronic hepatic failure during admission, 71% (n = 5), (p = 0.027), and hyperammonemia (p = 0.009).Conclusion In this retrospective study of patients with altered mental status and with no significant acute or remote risk factors for seizures who underwent cEEG monitoring for ≥ 48 hours, electrographic seizures were identified in 9.45%. Electrographic seizures were associated with hepatic dysfunction and hyperammonemia. Based on our results, cEEG monitoring should be considered in patients with altered mental status and hepatic dysfunction even in the absence of other seizure risk factors.
Analysis of maternal factors affecting the occurrence of congenital heart disease in newborns in Lanzhou area and potency of a nomogram prediction model
Authors: Jiao Xinjuan , Sun Jianhao , Jing Yiting , Guo Guangmin , Li Fen , Guo Minhao , Gao Jing , Ren Wenkang , He Jing , Liu Qing , Tuo Shumei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
To analyze the maternal influencing factors of neonatal congenital heart defects (CHDs), to achieve the effect of prevention of neonatal CHDs.
Methods
A questionnaire survey was conducted on 134 newborns with CHDs from March 2022 to January 2023 as the case group, and 268 pregnant women were included in the control group according to the 1: 2 matching principle with age as the matching condition. Baseline data, pregnancy complications, and other clinical data of all subjects were collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors affecting neonatal congenital heart disease. R software was used to construct a nomogram model for predicting the incidence of congenital heart disease.
Results
Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy ( HDCP ) was a risk factor for CHDs ( OR = 3.77,95% CI : 2.18–6.53 ), gestational diabetes mellitus ( GDM ) was a risk factor for CHDs ( OR = 3.69,95% CI : 2.11–6.46 ), and keeping cats during pregnancy was a risk factor for CHDs ( OR = 2.73,95% CI : 1.02–7.34 ). The probability of GDM leading to congenital heart disease in offspring was 49.70%, the probability of HDCP leading to congenital heart disease in offspring was 48.60%, and the probability of raising cats during pregnancy leading to congenital heart disease in offspring was 38.00%.he probability of CHDs in offspring induced by HDCP and GDM was 78.70%, the probability of CHDs in offspring induced by HDCP and cats was 70.90%, the probability of CHDs in offspring induced by GDM and cats was 70.30%, and the probability of CHDs in offspring induced by HDCP, GDM, and cats was 90.50%. The nomogram predicts that the correction curve of the offspring CHDs model approaches the ideal curve.
Conclusion
We established a nomogram model of maternal influencing factors to predict the risk of congenital heart disease in neonates with good differentiation and consistency. This novel predictive model will help clinicians prevent congenital heart disease in offspring by improving maternal influencing factors.