bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomic analysis shows decreased type I fibers and ectopic fat accumulation in skeletal muscle from women with PCOS
Authors: Stener-Victorin Elisabet , Eriksson Gustaw , Mohan Shrestha Man , Rodriguez Paris Valentina , Lu Haojiang , Banks Jasmine , Samad Manisha , Perian Charlène , Jude Baptiste , Engman Viktor , Boi Roberto , Nilsson Emma , Ling Charlotte , Nyström Jenny , Wernstedt Asterholm Ingrid , Turner Nigel , Lanner Johanna , Benrick Anna 
Published: January 2024

Background:Polycystic ovary syndrome’s (PCOS) main feature is hyperandrogenism, which is linked to a higher risk of metabolic disorders. Gene expression analyses in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle reveal dysregulated metabolic pathways in women with PCOS, but these differences do not necessarily lead to changes in protein levels and biological function.Methods:To advance our understanding of the molecular alterations in PCOS, we performed global proteomic and phosphorylation site analysis using tandem mass spectrometry, and analyzed gene expression and methylation. Adipose tissue and skeletal muscle were collected at baseline from 10 women with and without PCOS, and in women with PCOS after 5 weeks of treatment with electrical stimulation.Results:Perilipin-1, a protein that typically coats the surface of lipid droplets in adipocytes, was increased whereas proteins involved in muscle contraction and type I muscle fiber function were downregulated in PCOS muscle. Proteins in the thick and thin filaments had many altered phosphorylation sites, indicating differences in protein activity and function. A mouse model was used to corroborate that androgen exposure leads to a shift in muscle fiber type in controls but not in skeletal muscle-specific androgen receptor knockout mice. The upregulated proteins in muscle post treatment were enriched in pathways involved in extracellular matrix organization and wound healing, which may reflect a protective adaptation to repeated contractions and tissue damage due to needling. A similar, albeit less pronounced, upregulation in extracellular matrix organization pathways was also seen in adipose tissue.Conclusions:Our results suggest that hyperandrogenic women with PCOS have higher levels of extra-myocellular lipids and fewer oxidative insulin-sensitive type I muscle fibers. These could be key factors leading to insulin resistance in PCOS muscle while electric stimulation-induced tissue remodeling may be protective.Funding:Swedish Research Council (2020-02485, 2022-00550, 2020-01463), Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF22OC0072904), and IngaBritt and Arne Lundberg Foundation. Clinical trial number NTC01457209.
A scoping review to identify barriers and facilitators of research participation among chiropractic faculty
Authors: Anderson Brian , Shannon Kara , Baca Kira , Crouse John , Ferguson Amberly , Margrave Alex , Meyers Meredith , Percuoco Kevin , Schneider Patrik , Smith Jennifer , VanNatta Michael , Wells Breanne , Nightingale Lia , Salsbury Stacie A. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective
To describe peer-reviewed literature on chiropractic faculty participation in research and identify important barriers and facilitators.

Methods
We conducted a scoping review using comprehensive searches of relevant databases from inception through November 2022. English language publications of any design were included, with search terms consisting of subject headings specific to each database and free text words related to chiropractic, faculty, and research. Primary and secondary reviewer teams performed article screening and data abstraction using Covidence software, with primary reviewers responsible for consensus. Data were entered into evidence tables and analyzed descriptively.

Results
A total of 330 articles were screened, with 14 deemed eligible including 8 cross-sectional/correlational studies and 6 narrative reviews/editorials. Article publication dates ranged from 1987 to 2017. No intervention studies were identified. Facilitators of chiropractic faculty research included research assignment as primary role, institutional culture promoting research, and dedicated release time. Barriers included teaching/clinic assignments, lack of incentives and mentorship, and teaching load. Qualitative results identified 5 domains impacting faculty research: demographics/professional roles; personal empowerment; research culture; institutional setting/policies; and research training.

Conclusion
Our scoping review found a paucity of recently published articles on chiropractic faculty participation in research. Educational institutions building research capacity among chiropractic faculty must establish cultural environments where scholarship is expected, rewarded, and valued. Tangible support, such as research policies, resources, and space, advanced training, funding, and release time, must be available. Faculty are encouraged to build upon key facilitators, evaluate interventions to address barriers to chiropractic faculty research, and publish their results.
Bullying and victimisation in Scottish secondary schools: Same or separate entities?
Authors: Karatzias A. , Power K.G. , Swanson V. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPrevious research has suggested that bullying is an increasingly severe problem in schools. Such research has approached the phenomenon from two different angles. Earlier research has treated bullying and victimisation as separate entities. However, current research suggests that bullies and victims engage in a special dynamic and interactive relationship, thereby providing the need for studying any similarities and differences between bullies and victims in relation to various factors. The present research has approached bullying and victimisation in both ways. First, we studied differences between bullies, victims, and those not involved in relation to various demographic, school, well‐being, and personality factors to identify factors that separate these three groups. In addition, we studied differences between those involved in bullying/victimisation (one group) and those never involved in relation to the same aforementioned factors to highlight aspects of the development of their special relationship (i.e., common factors). Prevalence rates and types of bullying/victimisation experienced/expressed in Scottish schools were also investigated. It was found that bullying and victimisation, when treated as separate entities, differed in relation to peer self‐esteem, with bullies reporting higher levels of peer self‐esteem than victims. When bullies and victims were treated as one group (involved), they were found to differ from the noninvolved group in relation to various factors, including school, well‐being, and personality factors. The involved group was found to be disadvantaged in relation to all measures used. However, overall results indicated that from all these factors the best predictors of overall involvement as bully, victim, or bully‐victim were Quality of School Life and school stress. The present results support the notion that bullying and victimisation could be treated, by future research, as both separate and/or interactive entities. This is so because bullying and victimisation were found to differ in relation to one personality factor, that is, peer self‐esteem. However, Quality of School Life and school stress, both school factors, were found to be associated with the phenomenon as a whole. Results are discussed in relation to future development of antibullying policy in Scottish schools.Aggr. Behav. 28:45–61, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Life satisfaction in teenage boys: The moderating role of father involvement and bullying
Authors: Flouri Eirini , Buchanan Ann 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIt has been suggested that bullying at school and low social support are related to relatively poor mental health in schoolchildren. Based on data from 1344 adolescent boys aged 13–19 years in Britain, this study explored whether father involvement, as an underestimated—in the related research—source of social support, can protect against low levels of satisfaction with life. Multiple regression analysis showed that low father involvement and peer victimization contributed significantly and independently to low levels of life satisfaction in adolescent boys. There was also evidence relating to a buffering effect of father involvement in that father involvement protected children from extreme victimization. Aggr. Behav. 28:126–133, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Are young women the special targets of rape‐murder?
Authors: Shackelford Todd K. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWorking from an evolutionary psychological perspective, M. Wilson, M. Daly, and J. Scheib [1997. Feminism and Evolutionary Biology. New York: Chapman and Hull. p 431–465] hypothesized and found that reproductive‐aged females incur excess risk of rape‐murder (being raped and murdered) relative to nonreproductive‐aged females and that this excess risk cannot be attributed solely to the greater association of young women with violent, young men. The current research provides the first national‐level replication of these findings for the United States. I secured access to a national database of homicides occurring in the United States between 1976 and 1994 and selected for analysis cases in which a female was (1) raped and murdered by a male previously unknown to her or (2) murdered in the context of theft by a male previously unknown to her. Results replicate the work of Wilson et al. [1997] and document that (1) young men commit the majority of rape‐murders and theft‐murders; (2) young, reproductive‐aged women are overrepresented among the victims of rape‐murder but (3) are underrepresented among the victims of theft‐murder. Discussion acknowledges the uncertain generalizability of theoretical and empirical work on rape‐murder to rape not accompanied by murder and addresses two challenges to an evolutionary perspective on rape‐murder: (1) Why are nonreproductive‐aged females raped? and (2) Why are raped females subsequently murdered? Aggr. Behav. 28:224–232, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular basis of autosomal recessive diseases among the Palestinian Arabs
Authors: Zlotogora Joël 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn the review of the literature, 71 different autosomal recessive diseases have been delineated that are relatively frequent among Palestinian Arabs. Among those, in 40 the mutation(s) responsible for the diseases are known. Fourteen of these disorders were caused by a single mutation, while the other 26 were due to multiple mutations. Most of the mutations were found in homozygosity among the affected patients. It is probable that the high frequency of most of the genetic diseases among the Palestinian Arabs is due to a founder effect as the result of the high consanguinity rates in this population. However, in some cases the high frequency was demonstrated to be secondary to the presence of multiple mutations, either allelic or in different genes in a small geographic region. This phenomenon remains unexplained but may be secondary to a selective advantage to the carriers, either specific to the region or to the population. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of IL‐6 polymorphism on risk of Alzheimer disease: Genotype‐phenotype association study in Japanese cases
Authors: Shibata Nobuto , Ohnuma Tohru , Takahashi Tadashi , Baba Hajime , Ishizuka Takuya , Ohtsuka Mieko , Ueki Akira , Nagao Masatsugu , Arai Heii 
Published: August 2002

AbstractInterleukin‐6 (IL‐6), an inflammatory cytokine might be involved in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer disease (AD); several studies have reported that the “C allele of IL‐6 variable number of tandem repeat polymorphism” (IL‐6vntr) delayed initial onset of AD and also decreased its risk per se. Another polymorphism, G/C allele of IL‐6 gene promoter region (IL‐6prom), is also a candidate because it has an influence on the regulation of plasma IL‐6 concentration. We examined these IL‐6 polymorphisms in 128 Japanese AD cases and 83 control cases using a PCR‐RFLP method. The results showed the frequency of the IL‐6prom G allele was significantly increased in AD, although IL‐6vntr polymorphism was not. Plasma IL‐6 concentration of the AD cases was also significantly higher than that of the control cases. Moreover, the IL‐6prom G allele‐positive AD patients showed a tendency to have higher IL‐6 concentration in the AD group. These findings suggest that the IL‐6prom G allele which may affect plasma IL‐6 concentration might be a risk factor for sporadic AD in Japanese. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
GABA‐A receptor β3 and α5 subunit gene cluster on chromosome 15q11–q13 and bipolar disorder: A genetic association study
Authors: Papadimitriou George N. , Dikeos Dimitris G. , Karadima Georgia , Avramopoulos Dimitrios , Daskalopoulou Eugenia G. , Stefanis Costas N. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThere is accumulated evidence that the genes coding for the receptor of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), the most important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS, may be involved in the pathogenesis of affective disorders. In a previous study, we have found a genetic association between the GABA‐A receptor α5 subunit gene locus (GABRA5) on chromosome 15q11–of 13 and bipolar affective disorder. The aim of the present study was to examine the same subjects to see if there exists a genetic association between bipolar affective disorder and the GABA receptor β3 subunit gene (GABRB3), which is located within 100 kb from GABRA5. The sample consisted of 48 bipolar patients compared to 44 controls (blood donors). All subjects were Greek, unrelated, and personally interviewed. Diagnosis was based on DSM‐IV and ICD‐10 criteria. The marker used was a dinucleotide (CA) repeat polymorphism with 12 alleles 179 to 201 bp long; genotyping was successful in all patients and 43 controls. The distribution of GABRB3 genotypes among the controls did not deviate significantly from the Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium. No differences in allelic frequencies between bipolar patients and controls were found for GABRB3, while this locus and GABRA5 did not seem to be in significant linkage disequilibrium. In conclusion, the GABRB3 CA‐repeat polymorphism we investigated does not present the observed association between bipolar affective illness and GABRA5. This could be due to higher mutation rate in the GABRB3 CA‐repeat polymorphism, but it might also signify that GABRA5 is the gene actually associated with the disease. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism is associated with attenuated prolactin response to fenfluramine
Authors: Reist Christopher , Mazzanti Chiara , Vu Ryan , Tran Dominic , Goldman David 
Published: August 2002

AbstractDisturbances in central serotonin (5‐HT) function may have a role in impulsive aggression in patients with a wide range of psychiatric diagnoses. The underlying mechanism, however, remains unknown. There are several naturally occurring mutations in the 5‐HT signaling pathway that may underlie differences in 5‐HT function and responsivity to drugs that affect 5‐HT functioning. In the present study, we examined the relationship between polymorphisms in the promoter region of the gene coding for the neuronal 5‐HT transporter, fenfluramine‐induced prolactin release, and aggressive impulsivity (as measured by Barratt Impulsivity Scale, Buss‐Durkee Hostility Inventory, and Brown‐Goodwin Aggression Scale scores), in a group of abstinent alcoholic patients and healthy volunteers. We report here that possession of the short variant of the 5‐HT transporter promoter polymorphism was associated with a blunting of overall central 5‐HT function, as measured by fenfluramine‐induced prolactin release. We found no relationship between aggressive, hostile, or impulsive traits and fenfluramine‐induced prolactin release or between these traits and polymorphisms in the 5‐HT transporter promoter. Thus, we have shown that a 5‐HT transporter promoter genotype, which has previously been associated with anxiety‐based behaviors, alters an in vivo measure of central 5‐HT function (fenfluramine‐induced prolactin release), providing an important mechanism for linkage between a gene, physiological function, and behavior. Published 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Abundance, use of space, and activity patterns of white‐faced sakis (Pithecia pithecia) in French Guiana
Authors: Vié Jean‐Christophe , Richard‐Hansen Cécile , Fournier‐Chambrillon Christine 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWhite‐faced sakis (Pithecia pithecia) are among the least studied neotropical primates. The combination of shy and quiet behavior, their ability to move silently, and the extreme difficulty of capturing them may explain why very few field studies have been undertaken in undisturbed habitats. During the course of a wildlife rescue in French Guiana, six individuals were captured and translocated to a safe area of primary rainforest. In this area, based on the observation of 35 groups, the average group size was 2.3 animals (SD = 1.2) and a density of 0.28 group/km2(0.64 individuals/km2) was estimated from transect censuses. Our study focused successively on three radio‐collared animals (two males and one female) over a 287‐day period, starting from release to the loss of the animal. From the study start, the triangulation method was used prior to habitutation to human presence, followed thereafter by 1,327 hr of visual monitoring. The translocated animals settled down, and two of them had a stable and compact home range. Two of them merged in association with members of the resident population. A resident group had a much larger home range than previously reported: 148 and 287 ha, using grid cells and 100% minimum convex polygon techniques, respectively. A group composed of two translocated individuals (one male and one female) had a home range of 68 and 135 ha using the same techniques. Additionally, two solitary animals used 152 and 162 1‐ha quadrats. We observed animals (translocated and residents) moving quickly in one direction up to 11.5 km. The mean daily path length of resident animals was 1,880 m. Sakis used the lower strata of the forest more when in group, and the intermediate strata more when solitary. Allogrooming is fairly common in social groups. On average, the activity period ranged from 7:17 to 15:59 hr. Am. J. Primatol. 55:203–221, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Growth of specific muscle strength between 6 and 18 years in contrasting socioeconomic conditions
Authors: Henneberg Maciej , Brush Gerry , Harrison Geoffrey A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe influence of sex, age, and socioeconomic conditions on specific grip strength of 6–18‐year‐old individuals was studied among 1,704 males and 1,956 females belonging to the so‐called “Cape Coloured” community in the western part of South Africa. Half of the participants of both sexes came from communities in the Greater Cape Town area where living conditions are comparable to those of middle‐class First World communities (high SES). The other half came from the poorest rural communities of Klein Karoo (low SES). Arm circumferences, triceps skinfold thickness, and grip strength of the right and of the left hand were greater in individuals from high SES at all ages. Females within each SES group had skinfolds thicker than males, especially at older ages, and were weaker. Specific grip strength (SS), estimated as grip strength per unit area of cross section of the fat‐free arm, increased with age in each group, was greater in males, and was significantly lower in low SES groups, than in the high SES ones, especially during and after puberty. It seems that SES difference in SS will persist into adulthood. Sexual differences in SS can be attributed to hormonal differences; while the SS increase with age and the difference between SES groups find no clear explanation in current theories of muscle growth and development. Since the speed of neuromuscular reaction observed in our participants is slower among low SES individuals, it seems that the difference in neuromuscular control of strength may be responsible for our findings. Differences in muscle metabolism and hormonal regulation must also be considered. Am J Phys Anthropol 115:62–70, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
New basicrania of Paleocene‐Eocene Ignacius: Re‐evaluation of the Plesiadapiform‐Dermopteran link
Authors: Bloch Jonathan I. , Silcox Mary T. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPlesiadapiformes has long been considered to be an archaic group of Primates. Discovery of a paromomyid plesiadapiform skull and independent analysis of referred postcrania have led investigators to conclude that Plesiadapiformes shares a closer relationship to extant flying lemurs (Dermoptera) than to Primates (= Euprimates of Hoffstetter [1977] Bull Mem Soc Anthropol Paris Ser 13 4:327–346). Despite challenges to this interpretation, the plesiadapiform‐dermopteran relationship has gained currency in recent years. Here we show that newly discovered crania of Ignacius graybullianus, preserving previously undocumented portions of the ear, are more similar to primates than to dermopterans. New specimens confirm that paromomyids lacked the petrosal bulla of primates. However, these new specimens also demonstrate that paromomyids likely had: 1) a small promontorial branch of the internal carotid artery; 2) a lateral route for the internal carotid nerves crossing the promontorium; and 3) a ring‐like ectotympanic with an annular bridge. This pattern is similar to primitive primates and fundamentally different from dermopterans, which have: 1) no internal carotid artery; 2) internal carotid nerves that take a more medial route; and 3) no annular bridge. Recognition of some primate‐like traits, documented here by new evidence, indicates that Paromomyidae is likely to be more closely related to other Paleogene Plesiadapiformes and Eocene Primates than to extant Dermoptera. In view of these findings, a link between paromomyids and extant dermopterans (“Eudermoptera”) is not convincingly supported by a single characteristic of the basicranium. Am J Phys Anthropol 116:184–198, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Human apolipoprotein E4 accelerates β‐amyloid deposition in APPsw transgenic mouse brain
Authors: Carter Donald B. , Dunn Edwige , McKinley Denise D. , Stratman Nancy C. , Boyle Timothy P. , Kuiper Susan L. , Oostveen Jo A. , Weaver Royal J. , Boller Jennifer A. , Gurney Mark E. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe human apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) isoform is associated with genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease. To assess the effects of different ApoE isoforms on amyloid plaque formation, human ApoE3 and ApoE4 were expressed in the brains of transgenic mice under the control of the human transferrin promoter. Mice were crossed with transgenic mice expressing human amyloid precursor protein containing the Swedish mutation (APPsw), which facilitates amyloid β peptide (Aβ) production. The following progeny were selected for characterization: APPsw+/– × ApoE3+/– and APPsw+/–, APPsw+/– × ApoE4+/– and APPsw+/– littermates. All mice analyzed were wild type for the endogenous mouse APP and ApoE genes. Mice expressing ApoE4 in combination with APPsw have accelerated Aβ deposition in the brain as assessed by enzyme immunoassay for Aβ40 and Aβ42 extractable in 70% formic acid, by assessment of amyloid plaque formation using thioflavin‐S staining, and by immunohistochemical staining with antibodies specific for Aβ40 or Aβ42 and the 4G8 monoclonal or 162 polyclonal antibody. No difference in the rate of Aβ deposition in the brain was seen in mice expressing ApoE3 in combination with APPsw. Thus, our data are consistent with the observation in Alzheimer's disease that ApoE4 is associated with increased accumulation of Aβ in the brain relative to ApoE3.