bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for anastomotic leakage in Low Anterior Resection with a Diverting stoma for rectal cancer: A case control study
Authors: Momose Hirotaka , Takahashi Makoto , Kawai Masaya , Sugimoto Kiichi , Honjo Kumpei , Okazawa Yu , Ishiyama Shun , Tomiki Yuichi , Sakamoto Kazuhiro 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
In rectal cancer surgery, a diverting stoma (DS) is used to reduce anastomotic leakage (AL). However, there is still uncertainty whether use of a DS really avoids AL. In this study, we identified risk factors for AL coexisting with a DS to examine the usefulness of establishment of a DS.
Methods
The subjects were 143 patients with rectal cancer who underwent laparoscopic or robot-assisted low anterior resection with DS creation from January 2010 to May 2021. Patients and operative characteristics were examined using univariate and multivariate analyses to identify risk factors for AL.
Results
Of the 143 subjects, 30 (21%) had AL, including asymptomatic AL in 19 cases (13%) and AL requiring conservative therapy in 11 cases (8%). No case of AL required reoperation. In cases with asymptomatic AL, there was a defect in the anastomosis found by colonoscopy several days after operation before discharge. In univariate analysis, preoperative Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) ≥ 1 (p = 0.046) and number of stapler firings ≥ 3 (p = 0.002) were associated with AL. In multivariate analysis, only GPS ≥ 1 was significantly associated with increased AL (p = 0.033; odds ratio = 4.225; 95% confidence interval 1.122 to 15.905).
Conclusion
DS creation is effective in avoiding the need for reoperation for AL. Preoperative GPS ≥ 1 is a risk factor for AL in low anterior resection with a DS for rectal cancer.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Ocular Toxoplasmosis: Capillary Flow Density and Faz Analysis
Authors: Farci Roberta , Maurizio Fossarello , Arturo Carta 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose. To describe the clinical follow-up of an ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) retinitis by means of angio-OCT.
Materials and methods. A 28 years-old male patient underwent OCT-A at the baseline. The patient was treated with oral Bactrim (2 tablets twice daily) three consecutive daily intravenous bolus of 1000 mg solumedrol, followed by oral prednisolone 50 mg daily, topical steroids every 2 h, and mydriaticum. OCT-A was subsequently performed 4 weeks and one month after, respectively.
Results. At the baseline, an absence of decorrelation signal in correspondence of the scar and an increased decorrelation signal along the borders of the lesion were present; choroidal vesselsappeared congested and dilated and FAZ was disrupted. One month and two months later, choroidal vessels around the chorioretinal scar appeared constricted. FAZ area was increased and nonperfusion areas appeared to be reduced.
Conclusions. Angio-OCT could be an useful tool to understand vascular changes in OT clinical course.
The potential role of TP63 regulating ZC3H13-mediated HLA-A m6A methylation modification in HR-HPV persistent infection patients
Authors: Xu Shuiqing , Wang Ming , Xu Jianqing , Wu Yumei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study is to investigate the short-term persistent HPV infection and natural prognosis in patients with IA1 cervical cancer after CKC, and to explore the mechanism of persistent HPV infection leading to cervical lesions based on database analysis.
Methods
This is a prospective observation cohort study which enrolled the stage IA1 patients who select to receive CKC as the treatment modality in a single center from January 24, 2018, to June 9, 2022. The primary outcome was the persistent infection status and remession rates within two years after the CKC. In addition, the relevant mechanism was explored based on database analysis. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database is the source of RNA sequencing data of cervical cancer patients. The gene Expression omnibus (GEO) database was used as the validation set to verify the expression of TP63 mRNA in the process from normal cervical to precancerous lesions, and the difference of TP63 between cancerous lesions and paracarcinoma was verified by Western blot. The limma package of R software, Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Log-rank test were used to screen the genes related to m6A methylation modification affecting the prognosis of cervical cancer. spearman correlation analysis was used to verify the correlation between genes, and Timer2.0 immune database was used to analyze the correlation between the expression level of key genes and the level of immune infiltration. JASPAR and SRAMP open access databases were used to verify the relevant RNA sequence binding sites and m6A methylation modification sites.
Results
A total of 98 eligible patients were included and the main types of HPV was as following: HPV 16 (76.19%,64/84), HPV 58 (10.71%,9/84), HPV 33 (9.52%,8/84), and unknown type 14.28% (14/98). The HR-HPV negative rates of the whole cohort at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 months after CKC were 76% (19/25), 80.95% (34/42), 76.47%(39/51), 76.92%(40/52), 75.93%(41/54), 76.36%(42/55), 75.44%(43/57), and 74.58% (44/59), which was stable within 2 years after surgery. Based on the database analysis, this study proposes the relevant mechanism hypothesis of HPV persistent infection and difficult to clear: TP63 acts on the promoter of ZC3H13 to induce its expression and promote the m6A methylation modification of HLA-A mRNA 3’UTR, which leads to the accelerated degradation of HLA-A mRNA and further inhibits the antigen presentation of HPV viral proteins, leading to HPV escape from CD8 + T cell killing.
Conclusion
The negative rate of HR-HPV remained stable within 2 years after the CKC.Standardized follow-up after conization is very important for patients with stage IA1 cervical cancer.This study elucidates the mechanism of TP63-ZC3H13-HLA-A axis and provides A therapeutic target for HPV clearance and prevention of recurrence in patients with stage IA cervical cancer after conization.
Early enteral nutrition may reduce the incidence of Refeeding Syndrome for severe COVID-19 patients with high nutritional risks
Authors: Xiao Liuniu , Ran Xiao , Li Shusheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background & aims: Nutrition therapy is an inevitable supportive intervention for COVID-19 patients with high nutritional risks. However, the suitable initiation time of nutrition still remains to be explored. The aim of this study is to determine the association between the enteral nutrition initiation and the incidence of refeeding syndrome for severe COVID-19 patients with high nutritional risks.
Method: We compared the different initiation times and observed their relationship with the incidence of Refeeding Syndrome (RS). We retrospectively collected data of 124 confirmed severe COVID-19 cases with ≥ 3 scores of Nutrition Risk Screen - 2002 who received Enteral Nutrition (EN) from January 1st to April 30th of 2020 in Tongji Hospital. Based on the initiation time, patients who received EN within two days after admission were classified into the early enteral nutrition (EEN) group, while the others were included in the late enteral nutrition (LEN) group. The serum levels of potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium were measured on the third day after EN to compare the incidence of RS between the two groups.
Results: Fifty-four (43.55%) patients were included in the EEN group, while 70 (56.45%) belonged to the LEN group. The mean time interval of EN was one day in EEN and seven days in LEN. The majority of laboratory markers were comparable between the two groups on admission. Three days after EN support, the levels of serum potassium, sodium, phosphorus, and magnesium were significantly lower, and the incidence, as well as the degree of RS, was significantly higher in the LEN group.
Conclusion: We conclude that early EN could be a reasonable mode to reduce the incidence of RS in severe COVID-19 patients with high nutritional risks.
Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Family Planning Options in Armenia
Authors: Rostomian Lara , Kliethermes Christopher John , Hemmerling Anke 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective: In many Transcaucasian and Middle Eastern populations, research in women’s sexual and reproductive health remains limited, especially in Armenia despite recent political and cultural changes. This study explores the current state of family planning in Armenia while both highlighting the recent progress and identifying current barriers to reproductive health.
Study Design: We conducted a mixed-methods study using both a quantitative survey and qualitative interviews with women and key informants in the field of women’s sexual and reproductive health.
Results: Armenian women are familiar with many types of contraception. The use of modern methods has increased but remains low. Sexual education for women is uncommon and often sought through independent online searches or books. We found no significant access barriers, however, a prevailing distrust in hormonal contraceptive methods left many women to rely on condoms and withdrawal. Although the majority of surveyed women (72%) believed having access to safe abortions was an important right, only 42% would consider having an abortion in the case of an unintended pregnancy. Interviewees highlighted the lack of sexual education, discrepancies in sexual and reproductive services between rural provinces and the urban capital city of Yerevan, as well as the need for information and the government’s responsibility in this field.
Conclusion: The lack of comprehensive sexual education in Armenia fuels misinformation regarding family planning options. One option we recommend is a government-funded sexual education program which begins as culturally sensitive, sex-positive education in schools and continues with counseling and support for women within the healthcare system.
Recovery of radiation induced defects via nanovoids in bulk pure Fe
Authors: Selim Farida , Granberg Fredric , Agarwal Sahil , Kaoumi Djamel , Cooper Jacob , Butterling Maik , Liedke Maciej , Hirschmann Eric , Baldwin Jon , Li Nan , Wang Yongqiang , Wagner Andreas , Uberuaga Blas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Enhancing radiation tolerance in materials is at the forefront of materials science. Grain and/or phase boundaries in nanocomposite, nanophase, and nanofoam materials have been shown to provide a promising route to enhancing radiation tolerance. Here, through a combination of positron annihilation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and computer simulation, we show that pre-existing voids in bulk single phase Fe without the incorporation of nanograins or nanotwins provide sinks for interstitials and vacancies and enhance self-healing of radiation induced defects. Atomistic simulations revealed that the interaction of collision cascades with preexisting voids transforms them into vacancy loops. At higher doses as they absorb vacancies, they regain their original size, an interesting mechanism that explains the experimental observations of voids shrinking, disappearing, then reappearing in their original form. This could lead to transient behavior delaying radiation damage to higher doses or cyclic behavior mitigating radiation damage.
Incidence of Cockroach Populations and Intestinal Pathogens in Different Food-Related Environments
Authors: Liu Jun , Yuan Yongting , Yu Siyu , Lin Chen , Ye Chuchu , Liu Jingyi , Li Huihui , Hao Lipeng , Liu Hanzhao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Cockroaches are considered mechanical transmitters of disease, especially in food-related environments, and may pose a risk to human health. This study assessed the potential of cockroaches in food-related environments to mechanically transmit intestinal pathogens. The captured cockroaches with trap were placed together in a low temperature refrigerator at -80 degrees for 2 hours. Standard taxonomic keys and Fluorescent quantitative PCR techniques was applied for species identification and etiological examination. A total of 360 cockroach traps were placed, and 75 of them caught cockroaches (20.83%). The cockroach capture rate in kitchens of catering places was higher than that in handling rooms and storage rooms (P < 0.01). The captured cockroaches were Blattella germanica and Periplaneta fuliginosa. The results showed that both the cockroach species composition and the number of nymphs and adults were significantly different among different types of places (P < 0.05). A total of 8 intestinal pathogens were detected, mainly intestinal viruses infection, sapovirus was the most detected. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated bacterium. Blastocystis hominis had the highest isolation rate. In contrast, 12 diarrhoeal disease pathogens were isolated, and the viruses and bacteria with the highest frequencies were norovirus and E. coli, respectively; no parasites were detected. B. germanica and P. fuliginosa in food-related environments can act as potential vectors for the transmission of intestinal pathogens and may pose a major threat to public health. Therefore, catering places need to strengthen and standardize environmental hygiene.
In vitro evidence of synergistic efficacy with asciminib combined with reduced dose of ATP-binding pocket tyrosine kinase inhibitors according to the ABL1 kinase domain mutation profile
Authors: Kim Jong-Won , Han Ho-Jae , Kim Jaeyoon , Pyne Danielle , Travas Anthea , Ambalavanan Amirthagowri , Kimura Shinya , Deininger Michael , Kim Dennis Dong Huan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Asciminib (ASC), inhibiting ABL1 myristoyl pocket, has a different action mechanism from ATP-binding pocket inhibitors (ABPIs). We hypothesized that tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance mediated by ABL1 kinase domain mutation (KDM) can be reversed by combination of ASC with ABPI.
Methods
The efficacy and synergy of combination of ASC with ABPIs was evaluated in 11 different BaF3 cell lines including wild type (WT), G250E, E255K, T315A, M351T, F317L, F317V, H396P, Y253F, M244V, T315I mutant ones and WT K562 cell line.
Results
Combining fixed dose ASC with the reduced doses of ABPI was feasible to inhibit CML/WT cell lines completely. According to sensitivity to the combination of ABPIs with fixed dose ASC, ABL1 KDM cell lines are stratified into high (G250E, E255K, T315A), intermediate (M351T, F317L) or low sensitivity (F317V, H396P, Y253F, M244V and T315I). Reduced dose ABPI combined with fixed dose ASC showed similar efficacy to full dose ABPIs alone in high and intermediate sensitive cells. Ponatinib dose can be reduced to 25% when combined with ASC, but exerting similar efficacy to full dose ponatinib.
Conclusion
The present study provides in vitro evidence of the synergistic efficacy of the combination of ASC with reduced dose of ABPI including dasatinib/ponatinib.
Transplantation of stem cell spheroid-laden three-dimensional patches with bioadhesives for the treatment of myocardial infarction.
Authors: Jeon Hye Ran , Kang Jeon Il , Bhang Suk Ho , Park Kyung Min , Kim Dong-Ik 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background Myocardial infarction (MI) is treated with stem cell transplantation using various methods. However, current methods, such as stem cell/spheroids injection, cell sheets, and cardiac patches have some limitations, such as low stem cell engraftment and poor therapeutic effects. Furthermore, these methods cause secondary damage due to injection and suturing to immobilize them in the heart, inducing side effects. Methods We fabricated human adipose-derived stem cell spheroids-laden three-dimensional (3D)-printed patches. The morphology, viability, and paracrine angiogenic effect of spheroids formed within 3D patches were analyzed inin vitroexperiments. We synthesized thiolated gelatin and maleimide-conjugated gelatin as the polymers and fabricated a tissue adhesive biosealant using the polymers. The biocompatibility and biodegradability of the biosealant were evaluated using human dermal fibroblastsin vitroand the mouse subcutaneous modelsin vivo. In addition, the therapeutic effects of stem cell spheroid-laden 3D patches (S_3DP) with biosealant were evaluated using a rat MI modelin vivo. Results The spheroids showed increased viability and expression of angiogenic factors compared to two-dimensional cultured cells. Our gelatin-based tissue adhesive biosealants were rapidly formedviaa thiol-ene reaction and disulfide bond formation and revealed stronger tissue adhesiveness than commercial fibrin glue. Furthermore, we successfully applied S_3DP using a biosealant in a rat MI model without suturingin vivo, thereby improving cardiac function and reducing fibrosis of the heart. Conclusion We developed S_3DP with gelatin-based tissue adhesive biosealant to treat MI. This 3D patch has dual modules, such as open pockets to directly deliver the spheroids with their paracrine effects and closed pockets to improve the engraft rate by protecting the spheroid from harsh microenvironments. In summary, S_3DP and biosealant have excellent potential as advanced stem cell therapies with a sutureless approach to MI treatment.
Exposure and risk assessment for agricultural workers during chlorothalonil and flubendiamide treatments in pepper fields
Authors: Lee Deuk-Yeong , Song Jong-Wook , An Ji-Young , Kim Yeong-Jin , Seo Jong-Su , Kim Jong-Hwan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Pesticides are indispensable tools in modern agriculture for enhancing crop productivity. However, the inherent toxicity of pesticides raises significant concerns regarding human exposure, particularly among agricultural workers. This study investigated the exposure and associated risks of two commonly used pesticides in open-field pepper cultivation, i.e., chlorothalonil and flubendiamide, in the Republic of Korea. We used a comprehensive approach, encompassing dermal and inhalation exposure measurements in agricultural workers during two critical scenarios: mixing/loading and application. Results revealed that during mixing/loading, dermal exposure to chlorothalonil was 3.33 mg (0.0002% of the total active ingredient [a.i.]), while flubendiamide exposure amounted to 0.141 mg (0.0001% of the a.i.). Conversely, dermal exposure increased significantly during application to 648.96 mg (chlorothalonil) and 930.97 mg (flubendiamide), representing 0.037% and 0.066% of the total a.i., respectively. Inhalation exposure was also evident, with chlorothalonil and flubendiamide exposure levels varying across scenarios. Notably, the risk assessment using the Risk Index (RI) indicated safe exposure levels during mixing/loading but raised concerns during application, where all RIs exceeded 1, signifying potential risk. We suggest implementing additional personal protective equipment (PPE) during pesticide application, such as gowns and lower-body PPE, to mitigate these risks.
Epidemiology, Characteristics, and Prognostic Factors of Lymphoplasmacyte-rich Meningioma: a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Zhu Xiaoxi , Liu Yanhua , Guo Weiwei , Liang Qi , Pan Chengliang , Tan Bin , Yu Ying 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUNDS: Lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma(LPM) is a rare subtype of meningioma with a low degree of malignancy and an overall preferable prognosis. The purpose of this article is to further understand the occurrence, imaging manifestations, pathological features, statistics, and prognosis to increase the understanding of the disease, reduce misdiagnosis, and improve prognosis. METHODS: A search was conducted in the PubMed database for English articles published from 1993 to 2023. The keywords were "lymphoplasmacyte-rich (all fields) and meningioma (all fields) and English (lang)" and "lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma (title/abstract) and English (lang)".The possible prognostic indicators were analyzed by Log-rank test and Pearson’s chi-squared test. RESULTS: Fourteen reports with 95 LPM patients were included in this report, including 47 males and 48 females who were diagnosed between the ages of 9 and 79, with an average age of 45 years. The most common clinical manifestations are headache and limb movement disorders. In most cases, the tumor occurred on the convex portion of the brain. All tumors showed significant enhancement, with homogeneous enhancement being more common, and most patients showed peritumoral edema. Postoperative pathological EMA, LCA, and vimentin positivity were helpful for the final diagnosis of the patient. We further analyzed the clinical manifestations, imaging manifestations, pathological features, treatment strategies, and prognosis of LPM. Log-rank tests showed a correlation between complete resection and better prognosis and recurrence. CONCLUSION: There is a lack of significant differences in the clinical symptoms and imaging manifestations of LPM compared to other diseases that need to be differentiated, and a clear diagnosis requires pathological examination. After standardized surgical treatment, the recurrence rate and mortality rate of LPM are both low. Complete surgical resection of tumors is associated with a better prognosis and lower recurrence rate.
Telephone hotlines for infectious disease outbreaks in Africa: a scoping review and qualitative study
Authors: Fongwen Noah T , Nchafack Almighty , Mercy Kyeng , Ong Jason J. , Tucker Joseph D. , Hughes Gwenda , Peeling Rosanna W 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Mobile health interventions like telephone hotlines face challenges that may threaten their use, adoption and sustainability in Africa. We sought to understand the barriers and facilitators for sustainability of telephone hotlines used in infectious disease outbreaks in Africa using a scoping review and qualitative study.
Methods
The scoping review was conducted using PRISMA checklist. Medline, Embase, Global Health, PsycINFO, Google Scholar were searched for articles published between 1 January 1995 and 30 September 2022. For the scoping review, articles were included if they mentioned the use of a telephone hotline in outbreak response and the barriers and/or facilitators in operating the hotline. Data on the barriers and facilitators were extracted. Thirty participants from 12 African countries were interviewed online from 15 July 2021 to 30 November 2021, one-on-one and through focus group discussions. Emerging themes from the review were identified and synthesized to focus on barriers and facilitators for the sustainability of the hotlines.
Results
The search identified 1153 citations and 25 studies were finally included. The articles were from 20 African countries. The government was the main source of funding in four countries. Barriers with calls and data management were the most frequent. Human resource barriers such as limited staff, high staff turnover, lack of incentives and motivation were also significant. Financial barriers were the high cost of operation and huge dependence on external funders. Technological and infrastructural hurdles included limited internet and phone coverage, malfunction, and lack of interoperability of softwares. Transitioning to either complete or shared government ownership with diversification and integration of the hotline into routine use was the main facilitator for sustainability.
Conclusion
Strengthening technical capacity in telephone hotlines and ensuring financial sustainability are critical. More government support is needed. More studies on costing will help in developing financial sustainability models for Africa.