bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Three-Step Data-Driven Methodology to Assess Adherence to Basal Insulin Therapy in Patients With Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Nørlev Jannie Toft Damsgaard , Kronborg Thomas , Jensen Morten Hasselstrøm , Vestergaard Peter , Hejlesen Ole , Hangaard Stine 
Published: December 2023

Background: While health care providers (HCPs) are generally aware of the challenges concerning insulin adherence in adults with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes (T2D), data guiding identification of insulin nonadherence and understanding of injection patterns have been limited. Hence, the aim of this study was to examine detailed injection data and provide methods for assessing different aspects of basal insulin adherence. Method: Basal insulin data recorded by a connected insulin pen and prescribed doses were collected from 103 insulin-treated patients (aged ≥18 years) with T2D from an ongoing clinical trial (NCT04981808). We categorized the data and analyzed distributions of correct doses, increased doses, reduced doses, and missed doses to quantify adherence. We developed a three-step model evaluating three aspects of adherence (overall adherence, adherence distribution, and dose deviation) offering HCPs a comprehensive assessment approach. Results: We used data from a connected insulin pen to exemplify the use of the three-step model to evaluate overall, adherence, adherence distribution, and dose deviation using patient cases. Conclusion: The methodology provides HCPs with detailed access to previously limited clinical data on insulin administration, making it possible to identify specific nonadherence behavior which will guide patient-HCP discussions and potentially provide valuable insights for tailoring the most appropriate forms of support.
Remineralization potential of strontium-doped nano-hydroxyapatite dentifrice and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate cream on white spot lesions in enamel following orthodontic debonding – a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rajendran Ratheesh , Antony S Delphine Priscilla , Ashik P Mohammed , Bharath Subin , Thomas Arun Jacob , Heboyan Artak 
Published: December 2023

Aim and Objective: This study was intended to compare and determine the potency of strontium-doped nano-hydroxyapatite paste against a topical cream containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate and a regular dentifrice for remineralization of white spot lesions of enamel following orthodontic debonding. Methods: Ninety individuals with white spot lesions on their enamel who visited the orthodontic department for de-bonding were selected for the research. Patients were randomly assigned to three distinct groups with each group consisting of 30 patients. Group 1 served as the control and received regular dentifrice, Group 2 received strontium-doped nano-hydroxyapatite paste, and Group 3 received casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate topical cream. Patients were instructed to locally apply a specified amount of the prescribed preparation twice daily for six weeks. The data were analysed using the statistical programme SPSS 22.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), and the level of significance had been set at p < 0.05. Results: Group 1 did not show any change in the enamel following the application of toothpaste. Both Group 2 and 3 demonstrated higher post-treatment scores, indicating effective remineralization potential ( p < 0.001). However, Group 2 (strontium-doped nano-hydroxyapatite paste) displayed significantly greater remineralization capacity when compared to group 3 (casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate topical cream). Conclusion: Compared to conventional dentifrice and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate paste, strontium-doped nano-hydroxyapatite preparation demonstrated greater enamel remineralization of the white spot lesions and favourable surface alterations in the enamel surface. strontium-doped nano-hydroxyapatite can be utilised safely and efficiently to treat early caries and remineralise white spot lesions on the enamel.
Association Between First Post-operative Day Urine Output Following Kidney Transplantation and Short-Term and Long-Term Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Morrison Steven A. , Thanamayooran Aran , Tennankore Karthik , Vinson Amanda J. 
Published: December 2023

Background: The relationship between post-operative urine output (UO) following kidney transplantation and long-term graft function has not been well described. Objective: In this study, we examined the association between decreased UO on post-operative day 1 (POD1) and post-transplant outcomes. Design: This is a retrospective cohort study. Setting: Atlantic Canada. Patients: Patients from the 4 Atlantic Canadian provinces (Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, and Prince Edward Island) who received a live or deceased donor kidney transplant from 2006 through 2019 through the multiorgan transplant program at the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre (QEII) hospital in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Measurements: Using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, we assessed the association of low POD1 UO (defined as ≤1000 mL) with death-censored graft loss (DCGL). In secondary analyses, we used adjusted logistic regression or Cox models as appropriate to assess the impact of UO on delayed graft function (DGF), prolonged length of stay (greater than the median for the entire cohort), and death. Results: Of the 991 patients included, 151 (15.2%) had a UO ≤1000 mL on POD1. Low UO was independently associated with DCGL (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 95% CI = 1.55-10.32), DGF (odds ratio [OR] = 45.25, 95% CI = 23.00-89.02), and prolonged length of stay (OR = 5.06, 95% CI = 2.95-8.69), but not death (HR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.31-2.09). Limitations: This was a single-center, retrospective, observational study and therefore has inherent limitations of generalizability, data collection, and residual confounding. Conclusions: Overall, reduced post-operative UO following kidney transplantation is associated with an increased risk of DCGL, DGF, and prolonged hospital length of stay.
The effect of a motor relearning on balance and postural control in patients after stroke: An open-label randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ghrouz Amer , Guillen-Sola Anna , Morgado-Perez Andrea , Muñoz-Redondo Elena , Ramírez-Fuentes Cindry , Curbelo Peña Yulibeth , Duarte Esther 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Balance and postural control impairments are common in stroke patients, increasing fall risk and limiting their daily and social activities. Current research lacks comprehensive studies evaluating the efficacy and long-term effects of task-specific training on balance and postural control among stroke patients, especially when considering biomechanical and posturographic assessments. Patients and Methods: A randomized controlled trial included 63 subacute stroke patients recruited from the outpatient rehabilitation department. Participants were randomly assigned to the MRP group (n=32), receiving task-specific training based on MRP, or the CPT group (n=31), receiving conventional physical therapy. Both groups completed an 8-week intervention (3 sessions/week; 1 h./session). Balance and postural control were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and posturography. Results: The MRP group exhibited significantly larger improvements than the CPT group in both BBS scores (p=0.001, d=2.98, 95% CI [2.25, 3.70]) and Balance Index scores (p=0.001, d=2.83, 95% CI [2.12, 3.53]) after the intervention. These improvements were sustained at 3-month follow-up. Discussion: The findings suggest that task-specific training based on MRP is more effective than CPT for improving balance and postural control. The MRP intervention may enhance the motor learning and neural plasticity of the patients, leading to better functional outcomes. However, the study’s open-label design represents a limitation, and further research with adequate blinding is needed. Conclusion: Task-specific training based on MRP was superior to CPT for improving balance and postural control in subacute stroke patients. Participants undergoing MRP exhibited significant and clinically relevant improvements that were sustained at follow-up.
Information Needs and Its Association With Depressive Symptoms in People With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Yuan Jinjin , Wang Jinle , Wang Yueying , Wu Huihui , Jia Yun , Zhao Chunyan , Zhu Bingqian , Fritschi Cynthia 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the information needs and examine its association with depressive symptoms in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: A descriptive, correlational design was used. People with T2D (N = 358) were recruited from 12 communities in Shanghai, China. Self-reported information needs and depressive symptoms were measured using the Information Needs in Diabetes Questionnaire and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed. Results: The participants were 64.8 years on average, and 46.6% were men. One hundred fifty-one (42.2%) had depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 5). Participants had the least knowledge about “diabetes research,” “acute complications,” and “lifestyle adjustment.” The sample had the highest levels of information needs about topics including “mental strain,” “treatment/therapy,” and “diabetes in everyday life.” Compared to those without depressive symptoms, those experiencing depressive symptoms were less informed and had higher levels of need for further information. Controlling for covariates, higher levels of need for further information were significantly associated with greater depressive symptoms (B = 0.368, 95% CI, 0.155-0.582, P = .001). Conclusions: This study demonstrated areas that should be prioritized when meeting patients’ information needs. It also showed the potential negative effect of unmet information needs on depression. These findings may help develop a more tailored intervention for people with T2D.
The Relationship Between Noncognitive (Emotional Intelligence) Variables on Academic GPA Among Sonography or Radiography Students After 1-Year Course Completion
Authors: Miller Elena 
Published: December 2023

Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and grade point average (GPA) in a cohort of sonography (DMS) or radiography (RT) students. Furthermore, this study explored whether an EI model, such as the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue), demonstrated a significant association with GPA and could potentially be used as a part of the admission process. Materials and Methods: The TEIQue questionnaire that collected participants’ EI and demographic data was administered to students in both educational programs. Data were obtained at the beginning of each respective program and 1 year later. Students’ GPA was examined over three college semesters. Results: In total, 26 participants enrolled. This cohort included 10 DMS and 16 RT students enrolled for an associate’s degree in an applied sciences program within a community college. No significant relationship was observed between academic GPA and global EI, as well as three subscales of trait EI. Global trait EI for DMS ( P = .35) and RT students ( P = .05) demonstrated nonsignificant relationships with students’ GPAs, respectively. Conclusion: These results demonstrated that there was no significant relationship between noncognitive variables, such as EI, among DMS or RT students and academic GPA. Further studies should investigate whether these findings were similar to those in other diagnostic imaging programs.
Right paraduodenal hernia, classification, and selection of surgical methods: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Wang Xiao-Long , Jin Gui-Xiu , Xu Jian-Feng , Chen Zhi-Rong , Wu Li-Meng , Jiang Zhi-Long 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Considering that right paraduodenal hernia is a rare internal hernia with abnormal anatomy and is often encountered during an emergency, surgeons may lack knowledge about it and choose incorrect treatment. Thus, this case report is a helpful complement to the few previously reported cases of right paraduodenal hernia. Additionally, we reviewed all the reported right paraduodenal hernia cases and proposed appropriate surgical strategies according to different anatomical features.

Case presentation
The case involved a 33-year-old Chinese male patient who was admitted to the hospital due to abdominal pain. The patient was initially diagnosed with small bowel obstruction, and conservative treatment failed. An emergency operation was arranged, during which a diagnosis of right paraduodenal hernia was made instead. After surgery, the patient recovered well without abdominal pain for 2 years.

Conclusion
Although right paraduodenal hernia accounts only for a small proportion of paraduodenal hernia, its anatomical characteristics can vary considerably. We divided right paraduodenal hernia into three types, with each type requiring a different surgical strategy.
Treatment approaches to Motor Speech Disorders: A step towards Evidence Based Practice
Authors: Ashraf Anum , Mumtaz Nazia , Saqulain Ghulam 
Published: December 2023

Motor Speech Disorders is an umbrella term for a set of separate dysfunctions of speech outcome associated with neurological disorders. Motor speech disorders (MSD) are classified as Speech Motor delay (SMD), Childhood dysarthria (CD), Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS), and Concurrent CD and CAS. The incidence and prevalence of MSD in population is uncertain. A research gap exists, making evidence-based practice questionable as regards intervention for MSD and is an area of research.
Hence, current narrative review was conducted to review and highlight treatment of MSD since evidence-based treatment approach may benefit patient even years after a brain lesion. To achieve this objective literature search was conducted using search engines and data bases including google, google scholar, web of science & PubMed from 1998 to 2023 with keywords “motor speech disorder, dysarthria, apraxia, speech motor delay and combinations of these words with English language and no other limitations. Our search revealed 170 articles, news, publications of which 34 were used for review (Fig.1).
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8096
How to cite this: Ashraf A, Mumtaz N, Saqulain G. Treatment approaches to Motor Speech Disorders - A step towards Evidence Based Practice. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):544-548. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8096
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Work and mental functioning of prisoners sentenced to 25 years of imprisonment
Authors: Miszewski Kamil Roch , Miałkowska-Kozaryna Milena 
Published: December 2023

Cel pracyCelem badań było sprawdzenie, czy zatrudnienie skazanych na 25 lat pozbawienia wolności istotnie różnicuje ich funkcjonowanie psychiczne.Materiał i metodyW badaniu wzięło udział 124 skazanych na 25 lat pozbawienia wolności, z których 78 (63%) w chwili badania było zatrudnionych. Do oceny wybranych aspektów funkcjonowania psychicznego wykorzystano Inwentarz Stanu i Cechy Lęku (STAI), Kwestionariusz do Oceny Zdrowia Psychicznego wg Goldberga (GHQ-28), Skalę Sprężystości Psychicznej (Ego Resiliency Scale) w adaptacji Łukasza Kaczmarka oraz autorskie narzędzie zatytułowane Izolacja Więzienna jako Sytuacja Stresowa.WynikiBadania wykazały, że zatrudnieni skazani na 25 lat pozbawienia wolności, w porównaniu do skazanych na taką samą karę, ale niezatrudnionych, mają istotnie niższy poziom lęku, wyżej oceniają swoje zdrowie psychiczne oraz cechują się wyższą sprężystością psychiczną.WnioskiZatrudnianie skazanych, w tym skazanych na kary długoterminowe, przynosi wymierne korzyści. Zapewnianie pracy skazanym na 25 lat więzienia może przyczynić się do ich lepszego funkcjonowania psychicznego, a w perspektywie długofalowej do mniejszej liczby zdarzeń nadzwyczajnych, czy lepszego zdrowia – tak somatycznego, jak i psychicznego.
Diversification of good governance in European Union countries using the TOPSIS method
Authors: Raczkowska Małgorzata Hanna , Mikuła Aneta , Utzig Monika 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesThe main goal of this study is to identify and evaluate the level of good governance in European Union countries and to determine whether there is a relationship between good governance and economic growth.Material and methodsEmpirical materials are based on currently available statistical data from Eurostat. In case of unavailability of unit data in the studied year, they were replaced with data from the nearest period, i.e. 2020. Due to the complexity of the analyzed categories and the possibility of ordering objects from best to worst to achieve the goal, we used the TOPSIS method for multidimensional data analysis.ResultsThe study found that the variable with the greatest impact on the ranking achieved by a given country in the GG range was the Corruption Perception Index, followed by the proportion of the population who trust EU institutions. In the presented comparison, three countries, Luxembourg, Germany, and Sweden, occupied the top positions in the GG scale, while Greece and Cyprus were at the bottom. Countries with very high GG accounted for 11% of the total number of EU countries. No countries were identified as belonging to the fourth class, which is characterized by a very low level of GG. The majority of countries, over 67%, were represented by those with medium to low levels of GG.ConclusionsThe analysis allowed for identifying a significant correlation between Good Governance and Economic Growth in European Union countries. It can be assumed that the higher the level of economic development (measured by many SDGs), the lower the level of corruption in state institutions, and the greater the trust of citizens in public institutions, which translates into a higher level of GG.
The Police and Society in Poland. The Road to social Acceptance
Authors: Misiuk Andrzej , Zając Aleksandra 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesThe scope of the paper is to identify, confirm and describe the recent breaches in the mutual relation between the Police and society in Poland. The perspective is the clear and consequent road to social acceptance that the Polish Police undertook in 1990 and proceeded with success until recent events.Material and methodsThe authors desk research current sources of data regarding the Police relationship with and acceptance by the society in Poland: trust in Police surveys’ results; critical, publicly available opinions of authorities, statistical data regarding Police work during the Covid restrictions time and women’ protests in Poland (2020-2021).ResultsThe results show a decisive shake of the Police-society relationship and the negative impact of COVID-19 and women demonstrations’ handling by the Police on the formation’s image.ConclusionsThe critical circumstances of the pandemic were clearly a moment of testing to the Police-society trust and it gives the assumption to doubt the high levels of trust pre-pandemic. The threat of politicisation of the formation is also a major factor as well as the condition of state in general.
Corporate social responsibility in use. The example of activity by Legnica Special Economic Zone joint-stock company, Poland
Authors: Kos Agnieszka , Gudowski Janusz 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesThis paper discusses the issue of corporate social responsibility, including in particular the aspect of implementation of this phenomenon in companies, paying attention to responsible and ethical conduct of business towards social groups affected by it, with the greatest possible respect for the natural environment.Material and methodsThe dominant methods of obtaining source materials were (in addition to desk research) in-depth individual interviews in the form of a free categorized interview and extensive research of social media and other channels of distribution of Zone information. Interviews were conducted with a group of experts and managers employed in the Zone, who have considerable knowledge of the functioning of clusters and special economic zones.ResultsCorporate social responsibility in the Legnica Special Economic Zone is a consistent effort to act ethically and contribute to economic development, while at the same time contributing to improving the quality of life of people and even local communities through various tools resulting from its organizational structure and directions of activity.ConclusionsThe activities of the Zone for CSR are investments that benefit companies, the economy and society. Society benefits from the improvement of the state of the environment, the development of cooperation, charitable attitudes, the creation of civil society, the acquisition of new knowledge, skills and competences. In the last few years, the social responsibility activities of the Legnica Zone have been developing dynamically and depend on the company’s capital, profits, activity of management boards, as well as the commitment of employees.
Effect of temperature on the dynamic wettability of Chinese fir wood: integrative consideration of surface spreading, penetration and evaporation
Authors: Xiao Xianfu , Chen Kaiwen , Peng Hui , Lyu Jianxiong , Zhan Tianyi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Wood wettability, the process of liquid interaction with wood surfaces, is influenced by wood surface chemistry, structure, ambient conditions, and temperature. Understanding how temperature impacts wood wettability is crucial for high-temperature manufacturing processes. In this study, the sessile drop method was employed to explore the dynamic wettability of Chinese fir wood using three different liquids (water, glycerol and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc)) across a range of temperatures (25, 40, 60 and 80 °C). By considering spreading, penetration and evaporation, we revealed that the dynamic wettability of Chinese fir was strongly dependent on temperature and the type of liquid. Temperature elevation enhances wettability, leading to reduced contact angles and increased penetration ratios. Water exhibited the highest wettability, followed by glycerol, with PVAc being the least wetting agent. Notably, after 180 s of wetting at 80 °C, the measured contact angles were 0° for water, 45° for glycerol, and 120° for PVAc. When accounting for evaporation, the penetration of water decreased from 57 % to 47 % (25 °C) and 100 % to 62 % (80 °C). The activation energies for the penetration of water and PVAc into Chinese fir exhibited variations, with values of 35.3 and 158.3 kJ/mol, respectively. These comprehensive wetting results, covering spreading, penetration and evaporation, provide valuable insights into wood–water and wood–adhesive interactions, particularly when exposed to high-temperature conditions.