bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revealing the Hidden Role of Radical Scavengers: Unraveling the Key to Tailoring the Formation of the hcp PdHx Phase in Graphene Liquid Cells
Authors: Hong Jaeyoung , Kim Juyoung , Bae Jee‐Hwan , Jin Haneul , Lee Su Kyong , Lee Kyu Hyoung , Lee Young‐Su , Chun Dong Won 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRadiation chemistry enables the synthesis of colloidal nanoparticles without chemical reducing agents, yielding metal nanoparticles via simple and direct processes. Aliphatic alcohols are widely used to promote the formation of nanoparticles in radiolytic synthesis by inhibiting the reoxidation of these metal nanoparticles by scavenging hydroxyl radicals. However, the role of the scavenger has been limited to simply accelerating the formation of the nanoparticles without altering their nature. Herein, the role of radical scavengers is investigated in determining the type of metal nanoparticles formed, with the scavenger concentration playing a crucial role. It is found that the addition of isopropyl alcohol controls the formation of hexagonal close‐packed (hcp) palladium hydride (PdHx) nanoparticles that are previously synthesized for the first time via radiation chemistry by increasing the concentrations of hydrated electrons and hydrogen radicals. This discovery reveals a more active role for radical scavengers in radiolytic syntheses, and this strategy can be used for the cost‐effective mass production of hcp PdHx nanoparticles.
Enhanced Ferromagnetism in Atomically Thin Oxides Achieved by Interfacial Reconstruction
Authors: Yi Di , Tang Aihua , Kane Margaret M. , Xu Liubin , Liu Jingchun , Cheng Zhiying , Klewe Christoph , N'Diaye Alpha T. , Shafer Padraic , Yu Pu , Yu Rong , Xu Haixuan , Lin Yuanhua , Nan Cewen , Suzuki Yuri 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDiscoveries of ferromagnetic materials with ultrathin thickness are of great importance for both fundamental science and technological applications. Transition metal oxides (TMOs) provide promising candidates in the context of next‐generation spintronics, despite the severe decay of ferromagnetism as the thickness reduces to the nanometer regime. Here, an efficient strategy to eliminate the magnetic dead layer in atomically thin oxides is presented, by using the epitaxial interface of 3d and 5d oxide monolayers that reconciles both strong exchange interaction and large uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. Combining multiple experimental methods, a ferromagnetic transition in an ultrathin oxide heterostructure comprised of only one La0.2Sr0.8MnO3 monolayer sandwiched by SrIrO3 monolayer (total thickness of three unit‐cells) is unambiguously demonstrated. Remarkably, a largely enhanced saturation magnetization (2 µB Mn−1) and Curie temperature (80 K) are observed for the single manganite monolayer, as compared to previously reported ferromagnetic monolayer oxides. The results demonstrate a general strategy for creating robust ferromagnetism in ultrathin TMOs, potentially enabling novel oxide spin‐orbitronic devices.
Introducing HaNTr – Halloysite Nanotubes Targeting System for The Selective Delivery of Antibiotics
Authors: Prinz Setter Ofer , Gilboa Alva , Shalash Ghazal , Refael Gil , Tarazi Riess Hila , Shani Levi Carmit , Lesmes Uri , Segal Ester 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAntibiotics have been established to induce indiscriminate detrimental effects on the gut commensal bacteria which are vital for human health. This study unprecedently reports the mitigation of this challenge through the targeted delivery of antibiotics to a specific intestinal model pathogen using naturally occurring nanoclay. The designed Halloysite nanotubes targeting (HaNTr) system employs intrinsically mesoporous clay particles, functionalized with antibodies against Escherichia coli (E. coli). Loaded with the antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CIP), the HaNTr particles demonstrate enhanced selectivity of their payload in a human microbiome ex vivo system, preserving the composition of non‐target populations. Furthermore, the HaNTr system exhibits up to a 10‐fold increase in selectivity against E. coli, compared to neat CIP, in a heterogenous culture. This enhanced selectivity is attributed to the sustained and localized release of CIP from the HaNTr particles (≈0.8 ng CIP min−1 mg−1), following their specific binding to target bacteria, as quantitatively measured by high‐throughput imaging flow cytometry. Importantly, HaNTr particles are also shown to be biocompatible with Caco‐2 cells, mimicking the intestinal epithelium. This work highlights the prominent capability of the HaNTr system in alleviating antibiotic‐associated dysbiosis by the targeted delivery of antimicrobials to potentially any microorganism against which the immobilized capture probe can be customized.
Fe3O4‐Incorporated Metal‐Organic Framework for Chemo/Ferroptosis Synergistic Anti‐Tumor via the Enhanced Chemodynamic Therapy
Authors: Xu Yuliang , Wang Sihan , Xiong Jincheng , Zheng Pimiao , Zhang Huixia , Chen Shiqi , Ma Qiang , Shen Jianzhong , Velkov Tony , Dai Chongshan , Jiang Haiyang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMetal‐organic framework (MOF)‐based drug delivery nanomaterials for cancer therapy have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Here, an enhanced chemodynamic anti‐tumor therapy strategy by promoting the Fenton reaction by using core‐shell zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8)@Fe3O4 as a therapeutic platform is proposed. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used as a stabilizer of Fe3O4, which is then decorated on the surface of ZIF‐8 via the electrostatic interaction and serves as an efficient Fenton reaction trigger. Meanwhile, the pH‐responsive ZIF‐8 scaffold acts as a container to encapsulate the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX). The obtained DOX‐ZIF‐8@Fe3O4/CMC (DZFC) nanoparticles concomitantly accelerate DOX release and generate more hydroxyl radicals by targeting the lysosomes in cancer cells. In vitro and in vivo studies verify that the DZFC nanoparticles trigger glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4)‐dependent ferroptosis via the activation of the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinases (JNK) signaling pathway, following to achieve the chemo/ferroptosis synergistic anti‐tumor efficacy. No marked toxic effects are detected during DZFC treatment in a tumor‐bearing mouse model. This composite nanoparticle remarkably suppresses the tumor growth with minimized systemic toxicity, opening new horizons for the next generation of theragnostic nanomedicines.
Fast and Stable Antibacterial Coating of Photosensitive Aggregation‐Induced Emission Luminogens for Disinfection on Medical Devices
Authors: Chen Mian , Dong Ruihua , Song Jiayi , Qi Jie , Zhang Jiangjiang , Zhao Zheng , Zhang Wentian , Li Ying , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAggregation‐induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) are promising photosensitizers that have exhibited excellent antibacterial ability with abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. TTCPy‐PF6 and TTCPy‐Br are deposited on the surface of diverse solid substrates through plasma‐assistant electrostatic self‐assembly. The AIEgens‐covered coating can effectively eliminate different pathogenic Gram‐positive (G+) bacteria and even their multidrug‐resistant (MDR) mutants with negligible side effects such as cytotoxicity, hemolysis, and inflammation. Moreover, the AIEgen‐coated surface can maintain high stability for long‐time antibacterial usage, which is dependent on the ROS‐mediated disruption of the attached bacteria. The AIEgen‐based coatings with broad surface applicability have many advantages in high antibacterial ability, great biocompatibility, and low possibility of antibiotic pollution. The robust antibacterial ability and excellent biological safety of the AIEgen‐based coatings would be helpful for the disinfection of medical devices.
Natural Polymer‐Polyphenol Bioadhesive Coacervate with Stable Wet Adhesion, Antibacterial Activity, and On‐Demand Detachment
Authors: Sacramento Margarida M. A. , Oliveira Mariana B. , Gomes José R.B. , Borges João , Freedman Benjamin R. , Mooney David J. , Rodrigues João M. M. , Mano João F. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMedical adhesives are emerging as an important clinical tool as adjuvants for sutures and staples in wound closure and healing and in the achievement of hemostasis. However, clinical adhesives combining cytocompatibility, as well as strong and stable adhesion in physiological conditions, are still in demand. Herein, a mussel‐inspired strategy is explored to produce adhesive coacervates using tannic acid (TA) and methacrylate pullulan (PUL‐MA). TA|PUL‐MA coacervates mainly comprise van der Waals forces and hydrophobic interactions. The methacrylic groups in the PUL backbone increase the number of interactions in the adhesives matrix, resulting in enhanced cohesion and adhesion strength (72.7 Jm−2), compared to the non‐methacrylated coacervate. The adhesive properties are kept in physiologic‐mimetic solutions (72.8 Jm−2) for 72 h. The photopolymerization of TA|PUL‐MA enables the on‐demand detachment of the adhesive. The poor cytocompatibility associated with the use of phenolic groups is here circumvented by mixing reactive oxygen species‐degrading enzyme in the adhesive coacervate. This addition does not hamper the adhesive character of the materials, nor their anti‐microbial or hemostatic properties. This affordable and straightforward methodology, together with the tailorable adhesivity even in wet environments, high cytocompatibility, and anti‐bacterial activity, enables foresee TA|PUL‐MA as a promising ready‐to‐use bioadhesive for biomedical applications.
Actuating Liquid Crystals Rapidly and Reversibly by Using Chemical Catalysis
Authors: Yu Huaizhe , Gold Jake I. , Wolter Trenton J. , Bao Nanqi , Smith Evangelos , Zhang Hanyu Alice , Twieg Robert J. , Mavrikakis Manos , Abbott Nicholas L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMicrotubules and catalytic motor proteins underlie the microscale actuation of living materials, and they have been used in reconstituted systems to harness chemical energy to drive new states of organization of soft matter (e.g., liquid crystals (LCs)). Such materials, however, are fragile and challenging to translate to technological contexts. Rapid (sub‐second) and reversible changes in the orientations of LCs at room temperature using reactions between gaseous hydrogen and oxygen that are catalyzed by Pd/Au surfaces are reported. Surface chemical analysis and computational chemistry studies confirm that dissociative adsorption of H2on the Pd/Au films reduces preadsorbed O and generates 1 ML of adsorbed H, driving nitrile‐containing LCs from a perpendicular to a planar orientation. Subsequent exposure to O2leads to oxidation of the adsorbed H, reformation of adsorbed O on the Pd/Au surface, and a return of the LC to its initial orientation. The roles of surface composition and reaction kinetics in determining the LC dynamics are described along with a proof‐of‐concept demonstration of microactuation of beads. These results provide fresh ideas for utilizing chemical energy and catalysis to reversibly actuate functional LCs on the microscale.
Underpotential Deposition of 3D Transition Metals: Versatile Electrosynthesis of Single‐Atom Catalysts on Oxidized Carbon Supports
Authors: Meese Aidan Francis , Napier Cade , Kim David J. , Rigby Kali , Hedtke Tayler , Leshchev Denis , Stavitski Eli , Parent Lucas R. , Kim Jae‐Hong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUse of single‐atom catalysts (SACs) has become a popular strategy for tuning activity and selectivity toward specific pathways. However, conventional SAC synthesis methods require high temperatures and pressures, complicated procedures, and expensive equipment. Recently, underpotential deposition (UPD) has been investigated as a promising alternative, yielding high‐loading SAC electrodes under ambient conditions and within minutes. Yet only few studies have employed UPD to synthesize SACs, and all have been limited to UPD of Cu. In this work, a flexible UPD approach for synthesis of mono‐ and bi‐metallic Cu, Fe, Co, and Ni SACs directly on oxidized, commercially available carbon electrodes is reported. The UPD mechanism is investigated using in situ X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and, finally, the catalytic performance of a UPD‐synthesized Co SAC is assessed for electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia. The findings expand upon the usefulness and versatility of UPD for SAC synthesis, with hopes of enabling future research toward realization of fast, reliable, and fully electrified SAC synthesis processes.
Machine Learning‐Enabled Precision Position Control and Thermal Regulation in Advanced Thermal Actuators
Authors: Mirvakili Seyed Mo , Haghighat Ehsan , Sim Douglas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith their unique combination of characteristics – an energy density almost 100 times that of human muscle, and a power density of 5.3 kW kg−1, similar to a jet engine's output – Nylon artificial muscles stand out as particularly apt for robotics applications. However, the necessity of integrating sensors and controllers poses a limitation to their practical usage. Here, a constant power open‐loop controller is reported based on machine learning. It shows that the position of a nylon artificial muscle without external sensors can be controlled. To this end, a mapping is constructed from a desired displacement trajectory to a required power using an ensemble encoder‐style feed‐forward neural network. The neural controller is carefully trained on a physics‐based denoised dataset and can be fine‐tuned to accommodate various types of thermal artificial muscles, irrespective of the presence or absence of hysteresis. This neural network effectively endows the artificial muscles with “muscle memory”, allowing them to replicate complex movements reliably.
Iron‐Single‐Atom Nanozyme with NIR Enhanced Catalytic Activities for Facilitating MRSA‐Infected Wound Therapy
Authors: Liu Qian , Liu Xueliang , He Xiaojun , Wang Danyan , Zheng Chen , Jin Lin , Shen Jianliang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPatients with methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections may have higher death rates than those with non‐drug‐resistant infections. Nanozymes offer a promising approach to eliminating bacteria by producing reactive oxygen species. However, most of the conventional nanozyme technologies encounter significant challenges with respect to size, composition, and a naturally low number of active sites. The present study synthesizes a iron‐single‐atom structure (Fe‐SAC) via nitrogen doped‐carbon, a Fe‐N5 catalyst (Fe‐SAC) with a high metal loading (4.3 wt.%). This catalyst permits the development of nanozymes consisting of single‐atom structures with active sites resembling enzymes, embedded within nanomaterials. Fe‐SAC displays peroxidase‐like activities upon exposure to H2O2. This structure facilitates the production of hydroxyl radicals, well‐known for their strong bactericidal effects. Furthermore, the photothermal properties augment the bactericidal efficacy of Fe‐SAC. The findings reveal that Fe‐SAC disrupts the bacterial cell membranes and the biofilms, contributing to their antibacterial effects. The bactericidal properties of Fe‐SAC are harnessed, which eradicates the MRSA infections in wounds and improves wound healing. Taken together, these findings suggest that single Fe atom nanozymes offer a novel perspective on the catalytic mechanism and design, holding immense potential as next‐generation nanozymes.
Achieving a Quasi‐Solid‐State Conversion of Polysulfides via Building High Efficiency Heterostructure for Room Temperature Na–S Batteries
Authors: Zhang Shengqiang , Huang Miao , Wang Yangyang , Wang Zeping , Wang Hui , Liu Xiaojie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe practical application of room temperature sodium–sulfur (RT Na–S) batteries are prevented by the sulfur insulation, the severe shuttling effect of high‐order sodium polysulfides (Na2Sn, 4 ≤ n ≤ 8), and the sluggish reaction kinetics. Therefore, designing an ideal host material to suppress the polysulfides shuttle process and accelerate the redox reactions of soluble NaPSs to Na2S2/Na2S is of paramount importance for RT Na–S batteries. Here, a quasi‐solid‐state transformation of NaPSs is realized by building high efficiency MoC‐W2C heterostructure in freestanding multichannel carbon nanofibers via electrospinning and calcination methods (MoC‐W2C‐MCNFs). The multichannel carbon nanofibers are interlinked micro‐mesoporous structures that can accommodate volume change of electrode materials and confine the entire redox process of NaPSs (restraining the polysulfides shuttle process). Meanwhile, the MoC‐W2C heterostructure with abundant heterointerfaces can facilitate electron/ion transport and accelerate conversion of NaPSs. Consequently, the S/MoC‐W2C‐MCNFs cathode delivers a high capacity of 640 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 0.2 A g−1 and an excellent reversible performance of 200 mAh g−1 after ultralong 3500 cycles at 4 A g−1. What's more, the heterostructure catalytic mechanism (a quasi‐solid‐state transformation) is proposed and confirmed in carbonate electrolyte by combining experimentally and theoretically.
Brain artery diameters and risk of dementia and stroke
Authors: Melgarejo Jesus D. , Gurel Kursat , Compton Cassidy Rose , Liu Minghua , Guzman Vanessa , Assuras Stephanie , Levin Bonnie E. , Elkind Mitchell S. V. , Ikram M. Kamran , Kavousi Maryam , Ikram M. Arfan , Wright Clinton , Crivello Fabrice , Laurent Alexandre , Tzourio Christophe , Vernooij Meike W. , Rundek Tatjana , Zhang Zhen‐Yu , Bos Daniel , Gutierrez Jose 
Published: February 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe tested the association of brain artery diameters with dementia and stroke risk in three distinct population‐based studies using conventional T2‐weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images.METHODSWe included 8420 adults > 40 years old from three longitudinal population‐based studies with brain MRI scans. We estimated and meta‐analyzed the hazard ratios (HRs) of the brain and carotids and basilar diameters associated with dementia and stroke.RESULTOverall and carotid artery diameters > 95th percentile increased the risk for dementia by 1.74 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13–2.68) and 1.48 (95% CI, 1.12–1.96) fold, respectively. For stroke, meta‐analyses yielded HRs of 1.59 (95% CI, 1.04–2.42) for overall arteries and 2.11 (95% CI, 1.45–3.08) for basilar artery diameters > 95th percentile.DISCUSSIONIndividuals with dilated brain arteries are at higher risk for dementia and stroke, across distinct populations. Our findings underline the potential value of T2‐weighted brain MRI‐based brain diameter assessment in estimating the risk of dementia and stroke.
Diphosphine‐Protected IrAu12 Superatom with Open Site(s): Synthesis and Programmed Stepwise Assembly
Authors: Fukumoto Yuto , Omoda Tsubasa , Hirai Haru , Takano Shinjiro , Harano Koji , Tsukuda Tatsuya 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOne or two phenylacetylide (PA) ligand(s) were successfully removed from the IrAu12 superatomic core of [IrAu12(dppe)5(PA)2]+ (dppe=1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane) by reaction with controlled amounts of tetrafluoroboric acid. Optical and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies and density functional theory calculations revealed the formation of open Au site(s) on the IrAu12 core of [IrAu12(dppe)5(PA)1]2+ and [IrAu12(dppe)5]3+ with the remaining structure intact. Isocyanide was efficiently trapped at the open electrophilic site on [IrAu12(dppe)5(PA)1]2+, whereas a dimer or trimer of the IrAu12 superatoms was formed using diisocyanide as a linker. These results open the door to designed assembly of chemically modified metal superatoms.
Regulating Ion‐Dipole Interactions in Weakly Solvating Electrolyte towards Ultra‐Low Temperature Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Fang Hengyi , Huang Yaohui , Hu Wei , Song Zihao , Wei Xiangshuai , Geng Jiarun , Jiang Zhuoliang , Qu Heng , Chen Jun , Li Fujun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are recognized as promising energy storage devices. However, they suffer from rapid capacity decay at ultra‐low temperatures due to high Na+ desolvation energy barrier and unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Herein, a weakly solvating electrolyte (WSE) with decreased ion‐dipole interactions is designed for stable sodium storage in hard carbon (HC) anode at ultra‐low temperatures. 2‐methyltetrahydrofuran with low solvating power is incorporated into tetrahydrofuran to regulate the interactions between Na+ and solvents. The reduced Na+‐dipole interactions facilitate more anionic coordination in the first solvation sheath, which consistently maintains anion‐enhanced solvation structures from room to low temperatures to promote inorganic‐rich SEI formation. These enable WSE with a low freezing point of −83.3 °C and faster Na+ desolvation kinetics. The HC anode thus affords reversible capacities of 243.2 and 205.4 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 at −40 and −60 °C, respectively, and the full cell of HC||Na3V2(PO4)3 yields an extended lifespan over 250 cycles with high capacity retention of ~100 % at −40 °C. This work sheds new lights on the ion‐dipole regulation for ultra‐low temperature SIBs.
Te Vacancy‐Driven Anomalous Transport in ZrTe5 and HfTe5
Authors: Peterson Elizabeth A. , Lane Christopher , Zhu Jian‐Xin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe strongly sample‐dependent anomalous transport properties observed in the layered Dirac materials ZrTe5 and HfTe5 are known to strongly correlate with the presence of Te vacancies. One phenomenon, a negative longitudinal magnetoresistance (NLMR), is widely speculated to be a signature of broken chiral symmetry. However, the role of electronic structure in the sample dependence of the transport properties of these materials is poorly understood. This prompts the question as to whether the NLMR is a genuine signature of the chiral anomaly in ZrTe5 and HfTe5. In this work, the effect of Te vacancies on the electronic structure of ZrTe5 and HfTe5 is investigated via first‐principles calculations. Te vacancies serve two purposes: modification of the cell volume via effective compressive strain and production of local changes to the electronic structure. The reorganization of the electronic structure near the Fermi energy indicates that Te vacancies can rationalize conflicting reports in spectroscopic and transport measurements that have remained elusive in prior first‐principles studies. These results show that Te vacancies contribute, in part, to the anomalous transport properties of ZrTe5 and HfTe5 but, critically, do not eliminate the possibility of a genuine manifestation of the chiral anomaly in these materials.
Cu/MgO Reverse Water Gas Shift Catalyst with Unique CO2 Adsorption Behaviors
Authors: Tsai Ding‐Huei , Wu Tung‐Ta , Lin Hung‐Chin , Chueh Lu‐Yu , Lin Kun‐Han , Yu Wen‐Yueh , Pan Yung‐Tin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractActivation of inert CO2 molecules for the reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction is tackled by incorporating magnesium oxide as a support material for copper, forming a Cu/MgO supported catalyst. The RWGS performance is greatly improved when compared with pure Cu or carbon supported Cu (Cu/C). Operating under a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 300,000 mL ⋅ g−1 ⋅ h−1, the Cu/MgO catalyst demonstrates high activity, maintaining over 70 % equilibrium conversion and nearly 100 % CO selectivity in a temperature range of 300–600 °C. In contrast, both Cu/C and commercial Cu, even at ten‐times lower WHSV, can only achieve up to 40 % of the equilibrium conversion and quickly deactivated due to sintering. Based on the studies of in‐situ temperature resolved infrared spectroscopy and temperature programmed desorption, the improved RWGS performance is attributed to the unique adsorption behavior of CO2 on Cu/MgO. Density functional theory studies provides a plausible explanation from a surface reaction perspective and reveals the spill‐over property of CO2 from MgO to Cu being critical.