bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The materials and techniques of The Lamentation of Christ (ca. 1460, Mauritshuis), attributed to Rogier van der Weyden and studio: Combining MA‐XRF, reflectance imaging spectroscopy and paint cross‐section analysis
Authors: Pottasch Carol , van Loon Annelies , Delaney John K. , Dooley Kathryn A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article highlights a technical examination of The Lamentation of Christ (ca. 1460, Mauritshuis) attributed to Rogier van der Weyden and studio, performed during its recent conservation treatment. The goal of the research was to identify and map pigments used for the final paint and underpaint of the figures using information from non‐invasive chemical mapping and analysis of cross sections, to support the existing attribution of the painting. The results from a MA‐XRF scanner and two hyperspectral reflectance imaging cameras (400–1000 nm; 967–1680 nm) along with those from the analysis of recent paint cross sections and those collected in the 1980s allowed for a comprehensive understanding of the pigments used and their distribution. In general, the results show that the artist achieved a wide variety of colored draperies (robes) of the figures using a limited palette. High‐quality ultramarine and coarse azurite were identified in the different blue draperies, while azurite was also found combined with red lake and lead white to produce the lilac and purple‐toned fabrics. The green robe contains another copper pigment, verdigris, combined with lead‐tin yellow. The various red draperies show subtle differences in hue, obtained by varying the layer stratigraphy and proportions of lead white, vermilion, and red lake. The chemical maps also provided new insights into the original appearance and modeling of some of the draperies, including the unusual brown dress that was found to contain (partly faded) red lake. Comparison with previous technical studies shows that the materials and elaborate build‐ups used to paint The Lamentation are consistent with other paintings by Rogier van der Weyden and his workshop.
Exploring the energy landscape and crystal structures of CrSi2N4
Authors: Skundric T. , Schön J. C. , Zarubica A. , Fonovic M. , Zagorac D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Cr−Si−N system is of great interest for materials with advanced tribological and mechanical properties. So far, experimental data have been reported on Cr−Si−N coating, nanocrystalline phases, and thin films, together with theoretically predicted 1D and 2D hetero‐structures, and 3D bulk Cr2SiN4 modifications. This study predicts possible bulk Cr−Si−N phases with the composition CrSi2N4. A multi‐methodological approach has been employed to explore the system's energy landscape, where global optimization was combined with data mining and the Primitive Cell for Atom Exchange (PCAE) method. Local optimization of the structure candidates was performed on the DFT level using the GGA‐PBE and the LDA‐PZ approximation. The ten energetically most favorable structure candidates discovered in the CrSi2N4 chemical system mostly exhibited monoclinic symmetry but with a variety of structural features, from zeolite‐like structures to polytypic behavior. Finally, the bulk modulus of these possible modifications was computed for a pressure range of up to 10 GPa.
Role in Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis of the Grapevine Plastidic Phosphoenolpyruvate Translocator VviPPT1
Authors: Silva Angélica , Noronha Henrique , Ricci Dorotea , Frusciante Sarah , Diretto Gianfranco , Conde Carlos , Granell Antonio , Gerós Hernâni 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPhosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the main precursor of the shikimate pathway in the plastids, is imported from the cytosol through a PEP translocator (PPT). The final product of the shikimate pathway, chorismate, is the precursor for all three aromatic amino acids (AAAs), which are pivotal not only in the production of proteins but as precursors of several primary and secondary metabolites. In this study, pigmented cultured cells from cv Gamay fréaux grapes were used as a model to investigate the role of the plastidal VviPPT1 in grapevine secondary metabolism. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout ofVviPPT1produced a cell line with an obvious visual low anthocyanin phenotype. Besides evident modifications of the metabolome, such as a strong reduction in phenolic acids, flavonols, and stilbenoids, key enzymes of the shikimate and phenylpropanoid pathways were inhibited at the protein activity and/or gene expression level, revealing a complex regulation of secondary metabolism not only dependent on the observed reduction of phenylalanine.
Robotik im stationären Handel
Authors: Kranzer Simon , Portenschlager Lukas , Horn Matthäus , Kozlica Reuf , Müllner Viktoria , Neureiter Tina , Nöbauer Julian , Saßnick Olaf , Schlager Christina , Zniva Robert 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungUm den stationären Handel weiterhin rentabel und effizient zu gestalten, ist der Einsatz von Technologie und Software essenziell. Auch der Einsatz von smarter Robotik ist eine Antwort auf fehlendes Personal und steigende Aufgaben im Laden. Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick über aktuelle und zukünfige Anwendungen von Robotern im stationären Handel und legt Herausforderungen und Potenziale dar.
An adapted cascade model to scale primary school digital education curricular reforms and teacher professional development programs
Authors: El-Hamamsy Laila , Monnier Emilie-Charlotte , Avry Sunny , Chessel-Lazzarotto Frédérique , Liégeois Grégory , Bruno Barbara , Zufferey Jessica Dehler , Mondada Francesco 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMany countries struggle to effectively introduce Digital Education (DE) to all K-12 students as they lack adequately trained teachers. While cascade models of in-service teacher-professional development (PD) can rapidly deploy PD-programs through multiple levels of trainers to reach all teachers, they suffer from many limitations and are often ineffective. We therefore propose an adapted cascade model to deploy a primary school DE teacher-PD program throughout an administrative region. The model relies on teacher-trainers who (i) are active teachers in the region, (ii) have a prolonged trainer-PD with experts who piloted the teacher-PD program to acquire adult-trainer and DE-related competences, and (iii) are supported by the experts throughout the deployment. To validate the deployment model we used data from 14 teacher-trainers, the 700 teachers they trained, and 350 teachers trained by experts. The teacher-trainer findings demonstrate that the adapted cascade model effectively addresses most cascade models’ limitations. The teacher-related findings further validate the adapted cascade model in terms of perception, motivation and adoption which are at least equivalent to those obtained with the experts. To conclude, the adapted cascade model is an effective means of spreading primary school DE PD-programs at a large scale and can be used in other DE reforms.
Mapping the knowledge domain of green procurement: a review and bibliometric analysis
Authors: Rejeb Abderahman , Rejeb Karim , Kayikci Yasanur , Appolloni Andrea , Treiblmaier Horst 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe goal of green procurement, also called green purchasing, is to reduce waste and improve operational efficiencies to enhance sustainability. Although this practice has gained importance in recent years and garnered significant scholarly attention, there is a lack of bibliometric studies evaluating the green procurement field. To close this gap, we leverage bibliometrics to comprehensively summarize the literature and identify existing research hotspots and trends. Specifically, we employ bibliometric tools to analyze keywords, identify influential authors, universities, and research areas and reveal the most important publications in terms of citations. The analysis shows that sustainable development, sustainability, green supply chain management, and green public procurement are core topics related to green procurement. The co-citation analysis further reveals five important research clusters in the literature, namely green public procurement, green supply chain management, green supplier selection and evaluation of green performance, networked sustainable procurement, and green procurement in the construction sector. This study makes a contribution to the green procurement literature by summarizing this quickly growing field and providing timely guidance as to future research directions.
Vascular senescence and leak are features of the early breakdown of the blood–brain barrier in Alzheimer’s disease models
Authors: Ting Ka Ka , Coleman Paul , Kim Hani Jieun , Zhao Yang , Mulangala Jocelyne , Cheng Ngan Ching , Li Wan , Gunatilake Dilini , Johnstone Daniel M. , Loo Lipin , Neely G. Gregory , Yang Pengyi , Götz Jürgen , Vadas Mathew A. , Gamble Jennifer R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related disease, with loss of integrity of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) being an early feature. Cellular senescence is one of the reported nine hallmarks of aging. Here, we show for the first time the presence of senescent cells in the vasculature in AD patients and mouse models of AD. Senescent endothelial cells and pericytes are present in APP/PS1 transgenic mice but not in wild-type littermates at the time of amyloid deposition. In vitro, senescent endothelial cells display altered VE-cadherin expression and loss of cell junction formation and increased permeability. Consistent with this, senescent endothelial cells in APP/PS1 mice are present at areas of vascular leak that have decreased claudin-5 and VE-cadherin expression confirming BBB breakdown. Furthermore, single cell sequencing of endothelial cells from APP/PS1 transgenic mice confirms that adhesion molecule pathways are among the most highly altered pathways in these cells. At the pre-plaque stage, the vasculature shows significant signs of breakdown, with a general loss of VE-cadherin, leakage within the microcirculation, and obvious pericyte perturbation. Although senescent vascular cells were not directly observed at sites of vascular leak, senescent cells were close to the leak area. Thus, we would suggest in AD that there is a progressive induction of senescence in constituents of the neurovascular unit contributing to an increasing loss of vascular integrity. Targeting the vasculature early in AD, either with senolytics or with drugs that improve the integrity of the BBB may be valid therapeutic strategies.
Phenoage and longitudinal changes on transthoracic echocardiography in Alström syndrome: a disease of accelerated ageing?
Authors: Patel Leena , Roy Ashwin , Alvior Amor Mia B , Yuan Mengshi , Baig Shanat , Bunting Karina V. , Hodson James , Gehmlich Katja , Lord Janet M , Geberhiwot Tarekegn , Steeds Richard P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlström syndrome (AS) is an ultra-rare disorder characterised by early-onset multi-organ dysfunction, such as insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidaemia, and renal and cardiovascular disease. The objective is to explore whether AS is a disease of accelerated ageing and whether changes over time on echocardiography could reflect accelerated cardiac ageing. Cross-sectional measurement of Phenoage and retrospective analysis of serial echocardiography were performed between March 2012 and November 2022. The setting is a single national tertiary service jointly run by health service and patient charity. Forty-five adult patients aged over 16 years were included, 64% were male and 67% of White ethnicity. The median Phenoage was 48 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 35–72) in the 34 patients for whom this was calculable, which was significantly higher than the median chronological age of 29 years (IQR: 22–39, p<0.001). Phenoage was higher than chronological age in 85% (N=29) of patients, with a median difference of +18 years (IQR: +4, +34). On echocardiography, significant decreases were observed over time in left ventricular (LV) size at end-diastole (average of 0.046 cm per year, p<0.001) and end-systole (1.1% per year, p=0.025), with significant increase in posterior wall thickness at end-diastole (0.009 cm per year, p=0.008). LV systolic function measured by global longitudinal strain reduced (0.34 percentage points per year, p=0.020) and E/e’lat increased (2.5% per year, p=0.019). Most AS patients display a higher Phenoage compared to chronological age. Cardiac changes in AS patients were also reflective of accelerated ageing, with a reduction in LV size and increased wall thickening. AS may be a paradigm disease for premature ageing.
The Role of Calcination Temperature in the Self-cleaning Functionality of Urea-Doped TiO2 Prepared through In Situ Heat-Assisted Sol–Gel Synthesis
Authors: Lukong Valantine Takwa , Chukwuati Christopher Nonso , Ukoba Kingsley , Jen Tien-Chien 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, urea-doped titanium dioxide (urea-TiO2) nanoparticles were synthesized through an in situ heat-assisted sol–gel technique using titanium (IV) isopropoxide as the precursor for titanium dioxide and urea as a nitrogen source. The nanoparticles were calcined at 300, 500, and 700 °C to study the effect of the calcination temperature on their function as self-cleaning material. The nanoparticles were characterized using a scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope for morphology, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy for structure, UV–Vis, and photoluminescence spectroscopy for optical analysis. The self-cleaning study was carried out by letting samples degrade methylene blue and Rhodamine-B under UV irradiation. The morphological analysis reveals particle size distribution with more disparity at higher calcination temperatures. At lower calcination temperatures, the dopant caused high clustering of particles, keeping them linked together in muddy form and layers. Structural analysis showed that the particles were nanostructured with average crystallite sizes ranging from 2.35 to 16.13 nm and phase transformation from anatase to rutile after calcining at 700 °C. The nitrogen presence created a lattice disorder in the TiO2 structure, and the impact of higher calcination temperature on the nanoparticles further shifted the band toward a higher wavenumber under FTIR analysis. The optical bandgap reduced from 3.29 eV at 300 °C to 3.09 eV at 700 °C. The determined values of the rate constant from the photodegradation test showed that the highest rate was obtained at 700 °C, indicating enhanced self-cleaning functionality with an increase in calcination temperature of urea-TiO2.
The Clinical Impact of Change in the C-Reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio in Gastric Cancer Patients Who Receive Curative Treatment
Authors: Aoyama Toru , Maezawa Yukio , Hashimoto Itaru , Hara Kentaro , Komori Keisuke , Otani Kazuki , Kazama Keisuke , Sawazaki Sho , Numata Masakatsu , Kawahara Shinnosuke , Cho Haruhiko , Morita Junya , Segami Kenki , Tanabe Mie , Yukawa Norio , Saito Aya , Rino Yasushi , Ogata Takashi , Oshima Takashi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Recently, change in the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) has become a promising prognostic marker in some malignancies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical impact of change in the CAR in gastric cancer patients who received curative resection.

Method
The present study included 458 patients who underwent curative treatment for gastric cancer between 2013 and 2017. The prognosis and clinicopathological parameters were compared between patients who showed a high-change in CAR and those who showed a low-change in CAR.

Results
The OS stratified by each clinical factor was compared using a log-rank test, and a significant difference was observed using a 0.05 change in CAR. When the patient background factors were compared between the high-change (change in CAR ≥ 0.05) and low-change (change in CAR < 0.05) groups, the median age, sex ratio, T factor, and N factor were similar. In the low-change group, the OS rates at 3 and 5 years after surgery were 94.1% and 87.6%, respectively, which amounted to a significant difference from the low-change group, with rates of 83.6 and 77.5% in the high-change group. In the low-change group, the RFS rates at 3 and 5 years after surgery were 90.1% and 85.1%, respectively, while those in the high-change group 77.6 and 75.2%. The univariate and multivariate analyses of factors associated with OS and RFS showed that the change in CAR was a significant prognostic factor.

Conclusions
The change in CAR is a significant risk factor and promising prognostic factor for gastric cancer patients.
Representationalism and Olfactory Valence
Authors: Skrzypulec Błażej 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOne of the crucial characteristics of the olfactory modality is that olfactory experiences commonly present odours as pleasant or unpleasant. Indeed, because of the importance of the hedonic aspects of olfactory experience, it has been proposed that the role of olfaction is not to represent the properties of stimuli, but rather to generate a valence-related response. However, despite a growing interest among philosophers in the study of the chemical senses, no dominant theory of sensory pleasure has emerged in the case of human olfaction. The aim of this paper is to develop an argument based on the way in which olfactory valence is neurally encoded; one that demonstrates an advantage of the indicative representational approach to olfactory valence over approaches that characterise valence in terms of desires or commands. The argument shows that it is plausible to understand olfactory valence, at least in part, in terms of indicative representations.
Root Development and Subsoil 15N-labelled N Uptake in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)
Authors: Porte Anne , Bellingrath-Kimura Sonoko D. , Schmidtke Knut 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate fertiliser-derived N uptake of soybean from different depths of the soil under field conditions. In addition, soybean root growth in sandy and loess soil was evaluated to understand the impact of site and soybean variety characteristics on soybean N uptake under continental conditions in Central Europe. Root analysis to determine rooting depth and root length density (RLD) was carried out using the profile wall method at three growth stages and two soybean cultivars (Glycine max (L.) Merr. cvs. Merlin and Sultana) in three consecutive years at two locations in eastern Germany. Fertiliser-derived N uptake of soybean from the soil surface and the subsoil was determined at 0.3 and 0.6 m depths using 15N-labelled nitrate N. Root studies showed that soybean roots grew up to 1.4 m on sandy and loess soil sites. Root length densities of up to 2.4 cm cm−3 were documented in the topsoil. By means of 15N application, soybean was shown to take up 15% of the surface-applied nitrogen in the dry growing season and 67 % in high rainfall years, between 19 and 77 % of the nitrogen placed at 0.3 m soil depth, and between 2 and 64 % of the nitrogen placed at 0.6 m soil depth by flowering. The field trials showed that soybeans can absorb a high proportion of the nitrogen placed in the subsoil by flowering time. Due to a well-developed root system reaching deep into the soil, soybeans are able to cover their N demand from soil-borne sources and secure yield formation during dry periods by water uptake from the subsoil.
Explainability and transparency in the realm of digital humanities: toward a historian XAI
Authors: El-Hajj Hassan , Eberle Oliver , Merklein Anika , Siebold Anna , Shlomi Noga , Büttner Jochen , Martinetz Julius , Müller Klaus-Robert , Montavon Grégoire , Valleriani Matteo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe recent advancements in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) translated to an increased adoption of AI technology in the humanities, which is often challenged by the limited amount of annotated data, as well as its heterogeneity. Despite the scarcity of data it has become common practice to design increasingly complex AI models, usually at the expense of human readability, explainability, and trust. This in turn has led to an increased need for tools to help humanities scholars better explain and validate their models as well as their hypotheses. In this paper, we discuss the importance of employing Explainable AI (XAI) methods within the humanities to gain insights into historical processes as well as ensure model reproducibility and a trustworthy scientific result. To drive our point, we present several representative case studies from the Sphaera project where we analyze a large, well-curated corpus of early modern textbooks using an AI model, and rely on the XAI explanatory outputs to generate historical insights concerning their visual content. More specifically, we show that XAI can be used as a partner when investigating debated subjects in the history of science, such as what strategies were used in the early modern period to showcase mathematical instruments and machines.
Numerical simulation of the pressure characteristics of the pulsed jet actuator
Authors: Zhu T. , Pan Y. , Morrison J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA compressible large eddy simulation (LES) is performed to study a pulsed jet actuator that is used to control a turbulent axisymmetric bluff body wake. The actuator is driven at low-frequency (
$f = 200$
Hz,
$S{t_\theta } = 0.029$
) and high amplitude (
${C_\mu } = 0.034$
). The numerical scheme and a suitable boundary condition for the pulsed jet are validated, showing good agreement with experimental results. A comparison of the velocity boundary condition and the moving boundary condition shows that, in the vicinity of the orifice/slot and in the downstream region, the results from these two methods are identical, while the fluid behaviour inside the cavity shows difference. An analysis of the pulsed jet actuator shows that the phase lag of the cavity pressure is determined by the integration of the diaphragm motion and the pulsed jet. The mean total pressure distribution shows that the total pressure loss is concentrated in the vicinity of the slot. Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) on the pressure field is used to extract coherent structures which oscillate with the same frequency as that of the diaphragm motion. Some small-scale high-frequency structures are also apparent.
(Re)Reading Monique Wittig: Domination, Utopia, and Polysemy
Authors: Szymanski J. A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article offers a rereading of Monique Wittig's philosophical writing on sex, gender, and sexuality against some of the major criticisms that have led to limited engagement with her work. I argue that reorienting our understanding of Wittig's lesbian-feminism away from notions of sexuality per se enables us to read her in terms of a larger project that takes aim at the primacy of phallocentrism in how we understand subjectivity. In doing so, I establish and situate three themes in her feminism that have remained largely unremarked upon in contemporary philosophical treatments of her work: domination, utopianism, and polysemy. Part of this reorientation also involves taking seriously the place of language in her philosophy and examining the ways in which she textually expresses the “lesbian” in her literature—a facet similarly underexamined. Although the account of Wittig's philosophy given here is by no means definitive, I aim through this preliminary re-evaluation to provide a richer reading of Wittig's work against prevailing criticism, demonstrate her continuing relevance to feminist thought, and present further avenues of investigation.
Mind the gap: Why is there no general purpose ideographic system?
Authors: Sterelny Kim 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Morin has identified an intriguing puzzle about human communication systems, and one element of the solution: Inscriptional sign systems pose more coordination problems, making sender/receiver coadaptation more difficult. But I reject his view of written language, concluding that inscriptional sign systems can be generalist. The upshot is a cost-based proposal about why generalist ideographic systems are essentially unknown.