bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cranial ultrasound evaluation of relation between degree of prematurity and development of intra-ventricular hemorrhage in preterm neonates
Authors: Hamed Amira M.M. , Hassan Khaled H. , Mansour Tarek M. , Fawaz Rasha A.E. , Mohamed Kholoud A.H. 
Published: January 2025

Background and aim
Preterm infants are at risk for a variety of brain lesions, which can be diagnosed by cranial ultrasound imaging. Many brain damage develop within the first few weeks of birth. It is critical to diagnose brain injury as soon as possible to implement an effective preventive measures. This study aims to distinguish the relation between grades of prematurity and development and severity of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in preterm neonates.

Patients and Methods
In this prospective cohort study 150 preterm neonates were enrolled who admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University Hospital during the study period from January 1, 2023 to July 31, 2023. All the included patients underwent cranial ultrasound.

Results
The commonest maternal risk factor for the development of IVH among the studied preterm neonates was premature rupture of membrane, followed by preeclampsia and eclampsia. While the commonest fetal risk factors were early gestational age, low birth weight, and fetal hypoxia. Early gestational age, low birth weight, and premature rupture of membrane were shown to be significant risk factors for development of IVH among the studied preterm neonates. Multivariate logistic regression analysis shows both early gestational age and low birth weight are still significant risk factors for development of IVH.

Conclusion
Using trans-cranial ultrasound we found that the occurrence and severity of IVH is directly proportional with the degree of prematurity.
The relationship between blood pressure measurement in both arms and the severity of coronary artery disease by SYNTAX score
Authors: Mohammed Tariq E. , Mahmoud Mohamed , El-Tayeb Ahmed 
Published: January 2025

Background and aim
This study aims to evaluate the relationship between inter-arm blood pressure difference and the severity of coronary artery disease assessed by SYNTAX score in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CA).

Patients and methods
A total of 100 patients undergoing CA were enrolled in the study, with calculation of inter-arm blood pressure difference by BP measurements 1 day before CA, and mean BP was calculated for both arms using all measurements to be compared with SYNTAX score.

Results
In our study, there was a highly significant relationship between mean inter-arm blood systolic pressure difference (IASBPD) and incidence of SYNTAX score more than or equal to 20 (P<0.001). Moreover, there was a significant relationship between the incidence of SYNTAX score more than or equal to 20 and the incidence of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, high total cholesterol level, high low-density lipoprotein level (P=0.022, 0.035, 0.016, and 0.021, respectively). The mean IASBPD was highly significantly higher and also exaggerated IASBPD was significantly higher in patients with high SYNTAX score compared with patients with low SYNTAX score (P<0.001 and P=0.001, respectively).

Conclusion
There was a highly significant positive linear correlation between SYNTAX score and mean IASBPD.
A prospective study to evaluate neonatal trigger score as an early warning system in postnatal wards
Authors: Kamel Yara M. , Bayomi Abdel-Mageed M. , Ahmed Hosny A. 
Published: January 2025

Background and aim
The newborn baby’s first few days after birth are crucial to their development. This study plans to survey the adequacy of neonatal trigger score (NTS) for recognizable proof of babies in the postpregnancy ward requiring clinical mediation in the ward and neonatal intensive care unit confirmation.

Patients and methods
A prospective observational study was conducted at Tema Central Hospital for 4 months (March 2023–June 2023). The study included 79 neonates with a mean age of 38.16±1.16 weeks and ranged from 35 to 41 weeks. Twenty (25.2%) of the 79 neonates for whom NTS was administered triggered the NTS, while the remaining 59 (74.8%) did not. The statistically significant (P=0.001) predictive ability of NTS for the detection of neonatal intensive care unit admission by using the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results
Seven of the 20 cases that were examined had abnormal heart rates (35.0%), whereas all of the neonates who did not trigger the NTS chart had heart rates that were normal (100%). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves had a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 100.0% (95% confidence interval: 1.0–1.0, P=0.001) with a cutoff value of less than 2.

Conclusion
NTS is an easy, simple, and costless, good predictive and sensitive score for follow-up and early detection of a neonate who needs intervention and admission
Serum Hepatocyte growth factor level as a biomarker for hepatitis C virus related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: El-Bawab El-Saeid M.E. , Elaziem Khaled A. , Elfotoh Mohammed M.A. , Mohammed Ahmed Y.A. 
Published: January 2025

Background and aim
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and early detection can improve the prognosis, in this study, we aimed to investigate hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) as a biomarker for the detection of HCC post hepatitis C liver cirrhosis.

Patients and methods
In this study, we measured serum HGF and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for 106 persons who were divided into three groups HCC group (36 patients), cirrhotic group (40 patients who had post hepatitis C virus liver cirrhosis), and control group (30).

Results
HGF levels were significantly higher in HCC than Cirrhotic group and control group. Also, HGF can diagnose HCC with sensitivity and specificity of 96.9% and 98.2% at levels more than 426 pg/ml compared with sensitivity and specificity of AFP which was 95% and 90% at 9.9 ng/ml.

Conclusion
HGF may be a crucial marker for predicting HCC in the early stages compared with AFP.
Mediev'Enl -A domain ontology for cultural heritage items: case of medieval illuminations of Burgundy duke
Authors: Diarra Djibril , Clouzot Martine , Nicolle Christophe 
Published: January 2025

soumission à EpisciencesIn the Middle Ages, some illuminations were intended for the elites of society and served as a means of communication for them to extend their social influences and to represent their social environments. They constitute an information system based on symbolic components linked together by semantic and influential relationships whose structure is close to models representing social relationships and networks. Today, understanding these illuminations and extracting their implicit messages, expressed through the combination of metaphorical graphic elements, are a difficult task reserved for experts. To help these latter and address the semantic heterogeneity of illuminations, this article explores the synergy between knowledge representation techniques and the analysis of medieval documents to build a knowledge model describing these medieval paintings. It proposes a formal ontology composed of items describing the explicit and visible knowledge of medieval illuminations and others expressing their implicit messages. The considered illuminations are part of those ordered or linked to the Burgundy duke, Philiphe le BonAu Moyen Âge, des enluminures étaient destinées aux élites de la société et leurs servaient de moyen de communication pour étendre leurs influences sociales et pour représenter leurs environnements sociaux. Elles constituent un système d'information basé sur des composants symboliques reliés entre eux par des relations sémantiques et influentes dont la structure est proche des modèles représentant des relations sociales et des réseaux. Aujourd'hui, la compréhension de ces enluminures et l'extraction de leurs messages implicites, exprimés par la combinaison d'éléments graphiques métaphoriques, sont une tâche difficile réservée aux experts. Pour aider ces derniers et traiter l'hétérogénéité sémantique des enluminures, cet article explore la synergie entre les techniques de représentation des connaissances et l'analyse des documents médiévaux pour construire un modèle de connaissances décrivant ces peintures médiévales. Il propose une ontologie formelle composée d'entités décrivant les savoirs explicites et visibles des enluminures médiévales et d'autres exprimant leurs messages implicites. Les enluminures concernées sont une partie de celles commandées et relatives au duc de Bourgogne, Philiphe le Bon.
Insulin Resistance Indexes, Predictors of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Elderly Iraqis
Authors: Aldbagh Mayyada Bassim Rasul 
Published: January 2025

This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the utility of three surrogate markers of insulin resistance, TyG, TG/HDL, and TyG-BMI in clinical practice by examining their association with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Results: Of 476 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), 42 (8.8%) had DKD. Patients with DKD showed significantly higher levels of BMI, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, lipids, markers of renal dysfunction and three IR indices (TyG, TG/HDL and TyG-BMI) than those without DKD compared to those without DKD. Crosstabs/Risk analysis revealed that TyG index (OR = 1.39, 95% CI =1.218-1.587, p= 0.002), TG/HDL (OR =1.356, 1.189-1.545, p= 0.004), and TyG-BMI (OR =1.247, 1.073-1.450, p= 0.043). Based on the receiver operating characteristic curve, the areas under ROC with best cutoff values of TyG index, TG/HDL and TyG-BMI, were 0.762, 0.720 and 0.654, respectively and 9.5, 2.19 and 225, respectively. DKD patients >40 years had a significantly increased TyG index (p = 0.047) of 67.0% compared to patients <40 years of age of 50.0%. Conclusion: Among T2DM patients, the risk of DKD increases with the increase of TyG index, TG/HDL and TyG-BMI, with their respective cut-off values being 9.5, 2.19 and 225. The TyG performed best in predicting DKD, followed by TG/HDL and then TyG-BMI. Age was positively associated with TyG index, indicating a higher prevalence of DND in patients with T2DM.
Effectiveness of Azadirachta Indica (Neem) Plant Extract Compared with Albendazole on the Vitality of Hydatid Cyst Protoscolices (In Vitro)
Authors: Jari Sawsan Darweesh 
Published: January 2025

The cestode worm Echinococcus granulosus larval stage parasitically infects humans and animals' livers and lungs, causing cystic echinococcosis. Surgery with scolicidal agents to inactivate live protoscolices is the main treatment for cystic echinococcosis (CE). An extract of neem tree leaves was chosen to treat this parasite that causes this disease, and its effects were laboratory tested on the vitality of the primary fungi, which is infective to humans, taken from the livers of infected sheep in the holy governorate of Karbala. This study used four concentrations of alcoholic neem tree leaf extract (1.250, 2.500, 5.000, and 10.000) ppm to count protoscolices in 5microliter volumes before and after treatment and compare them to albendazole. All concentrations of Neem leaves extract were effective, but 10,000 ppm was the most effective, as the percentage of mortality reached 100% after 30 minutes. The lower concentration of 1,250 ppm caused 90.62 % after 240 minutes. The above shows that Neem plant extracts inhibited protoscolices growth in all treatments. Due to its wide range of chemicals and biologically active compounds, which affect parasite cell mitochondrial membranes and cause apoptosis, many scholars call it the tree of the future.
High-resolution 4D electrical resistivity tomography and below-ground point sensor monitoring of High Arctic deglaciated sediments capture zero-curtain effects, freeze–thaw transitions, and mid-winter thawing
Authors: Cimpoiasu Mihai O. , Kuras Oliver , Harrison Harry , Wilkinson Paul B. , Meldrum Philip , Chambers Jonathan E. , Liljestrand Dane , Oroza Carlos , Schmidt Steven K. , Sommers Pacifica , Vimercati Lara , Irons Trevor P. , Lyu Zhou , Solon Adam , Bradley James A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Arctic regions are under immense pressure from a continuously warming climate. During the winter and shoulder seasons, recently deglaciated sediments are particularly sensitive to human-induced warming. Understanding the physical mechanisms and processes that determine soil liquid moisture availability contributes to the way we conceptualize and understand the development and functioning of terrestrial Arctic ecosystems. However, harsh weather and logistical constraints limit opportunities to directly observe subsurface processes year-round; hence automated and uninterrupted strategies of monitoring the coupled heat and water movement in soils are essential. Geoelectrical monitoring using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) has proven to be an effective method to capture soil moisture distribution in time and space. ERT instrumentation has been adapted for year-round operation in high-latitude weather conditions. We installed two geoelectrical monitoring stations on the forefield of a retreating glacier in Svalbard, consisting of semi-permanent surface ERT arrays and co-located soil sensors, which track seasonal changes in soil electrical resistivity, moisture, and temperature in 3D. One of the stations observes recently exposed sediments (5–10 years since deglaciation), whilst the other covers more established sediments (50–60 years since deglaciation). We obtained a 1-year continuous measurement record (October 2021–September 2022), which produced 4D images of soil freeze–thaw transitions with unprecedented detail, allowing us to calculate the velocity of the thawing front in 3D. At its peak, this was found to be 1 m d−1 for the older sediments and 0.4 m d−1 for the younger sediments. Records of soil moisture and thermal regime obtained by sensors help define the conditions under which snowmelt takes place. Our data reveal that the freeze–thaw shoulder period, during which the surface soils experienced the zero-curtain effect, lasted 23 d at the site closer to the glacier but only 6 d for the older sediments. Furthermore, we used unsupervised clustering to classify areas of the soil volume according to their electrical resistivity coefficient of variance, which enables us to understand spatial variations in susceptibility to water-phase transition. Novel insights into soil moisture dynamics throughout the spring melt will help parameterize models of biological activity to build a more predictive understanding of newly emerging terrestrial landscapes and their impact on carbon and nutrient cycling.
Do leito de amor ao leito de morte
Authors: Paixão Alexandre Batista 
Published: January 2025

O Inglês George Gordon Byron (1788-1824) foi um dos escritores mais imitados no Romantismo. Esse autor foi responsável pela disseminação mundial do byronismo no século XIX, uma moda literária, uma tendência comportamental e um estado de espírito que promoveu principalmente a ironia, a melancolia e a orgia, temáticas bem aceitas pelos leitores brasileiros oitocentistas. Desses apreciadores, Álvares de Azevedo (1831-1852), o maior byroniano brasileiro, gostou tanto de Don Juan (2019) que o epigrafou 4 vezes. Destas epígrafes, priorizam-se os versos da estrofe CLXXIX, do Canto III, que constam em “Canto primeiro”, de O poema do Frade (2000), o sétimo verso da estrofe CLXXXV, do Canto II, que se nota no poema “Vagabundo”, de Lira dos vinte anos (2000), e os terceiro e quarto versos, da estrofe LIX, do Canto IV, que se verificam no “Canto segundo”, de O poema do frade (2000). Segundo Genette (2009 e 2010), as epígrafes são paratextos que estabelecem relações com o texto epigrafado, por isso esse artigo objetiva desvelar as motivações que levaram o poeta brasileiro a referenciar exponencialmente a obra donjuanesca, dando ênfase às releituras Inéditas. Com vistas à meta supracitada, o trabalho se fundamenta na Literatura comparada, uma disciplina confrontativa e equiparativa de literaturas de diferentes origens com o fito de elucidar questões literárias, valendo-se dos vieses dedutivo-indutivo e analítico-interpretativo. À vista disso, essa discussão encontra suporte principalmente em críticos literários como Alves (1998), Candido (2000), Cavalcante (2009) e Freire (2010), que tratam da presença byroniana no poeta romântico, e nos estudos de Carvalhal (2006), Sant’anna (2008), Brunel (2012) e Nitrini (2021), que abordam as concepções de comparação e recepção.
Niilismo heroico como percurso criativo em Ascese de Nikos Kazantzákis
Authors: Bernardes Carolina Donega 
Published: January 2025

Ascese Os Salvadores de Deus (1927) de Nikos Kazantzákis é um texto híbrido, formado pelo cruzamento dos discursos filosófico (Nietzche e Bergson), literário (prosa poética) e religioso (Budismo e Cristianismo), o que dificulta sua classificação entre os tradicionais gêneros discursivos. A obra é composta temática e estruturalmente pelo niilismo heroico, pela aceitação dionisíaca em meio ao declínio e pela superação de valores que impedem as pulsões naturais, levando o herói a formular novas avaliações da vida. A construção retórica em Ascese sinaliza a possibilidade de haver coexistência pacífica, choque, ruptura ou dissolução de um ou mais discursos. Procuraremos mostrar, no entanto, que é exatamente a coexistência desses discursos, aparentemente antagônicos, que possibilita ao homem a liberdade de Inverter a hierarquia criador/criatura e assumir o poder de criar e recriar, para além dos valores e tradições impostos. Pretende-se mostrar, portanto, que valendo de diferentes discursos e transitando entre diferentes áreas do conhecimento, a obra se abre às questões da textualidade, provocando a reflexão para além dos limites impostos pelos gêneros discursivos e pelas formas de conhecimento.
Feral Futures, or The Animal That Therefore I Am Not (Less to Follow)
Authors: Matlock Andres 
Published: January 2025

Taking its cue from Derrida’s “The Animal That Therefore I Am (More to Follow),” this chapter considers the dynamic origins and ends of plants. By reading ancient arguments for natural teleology in Cicero and Theophrastus alongside contemporary ecological accounts of feral activity, I outline a critical history of the entanglement between human and non-human agency. From the perspective of the feral future, the human ability to shape the growth of plant life only works from within the vegetal forces that transform us in turn.
«Жди горя с моря, а беды от воды»: о водных стихийных бедствиях в калмыцких степях второй половины XIX в.
Authors: Шургучиева Ю.С. , Батыров В.В. 
Published: January 2025

Аннотация. Исследуются вопросы организации помощи пострадавшим от стихийных бедствий (наводнений и дождевых бурь) инородческими управлениями в условиях кочевого общества во второй половине XIX в. на примере двух калмыцких улусов: Яндыко-Икицохуровского Калмыцкой степи Астраханской губернии и Большедербетовского улуса Ставропольской губернии. Актуальность исследования продиктована сохранением угрозы затопления в современных условиях. Источниковую базу исследования составила делопроизводственная документация, впервые выявленная в фондах Государственного архива Астраханской области, Государственного архива Ставропольского края, Национального архива Республики Калмыкия и Российского государственного исторического архива. Особое внимание в исследовании уделено действиям властей, в ходе которых устанавливались численность пострадавших и масштабы ущерба, прежде всего павшего скота и поврежденных кибиток. По каждому стихийному бедствию, принесшему жертвы и нанесшему ущерб населению, незамедлительно докладывалось по инстанциям в столицу, министерства и императору. Основным инструментом, выступившим в деле организации помощи пострадавшим, стал калмыцкий общественный капитал. Общество не оставалось в стороне от трагедии. Каждый стремился внести посильную лепту в помощь однородцам и, прежде всего, это буддийское духовенство. Авторы, акцентируют внимание на то, что население Калмыцкой степи, несмотря на засушливые климатические условия, подвергалось наводнениям со стороны Каспийского моря и дождевым бурям.
Abstract. The issues of organizing assistance to victims of natural disasters (floods and rain storms) by foreign administrations in the conditions of a nomadic society in the second half of the 19th century are explored, using the example of two Kalmyk uluses: Yandyko-Ikitsohurovsky uluses of the Astrakhan province and Bolshederbetovsky Stavropol Territory. The source base for the study consisted of office documentation, first identified in the funds of the State Archives of the Astrakhan Region, the State Archives of the Stavropol Territory and the National Archives of the Republic of Kalmykia Russian and State Historical Archive. Particular attention during the study was paid to the actions of the authorities, during which the number of victims and the scale of damage, primarily dead livestock and carts, were established. For every natural disaster that brought casualties and caused damage to the population, it was immediately reported down the chain to the capital, the emperor. The main instrument in organizing assistance to the victims was Kalmyk social capital. Society did not remain aloof from the tragedy. Everyone sought to make a contribution within their power to help the people of their kind, and, above all, the Buddhist clergy. The authors emphasize that the population of the Kalmyk steppe, despite the arid climatic conditions, was subject to floods from the Caspian Sea and rain storms.