bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heritage and waste in the Anthropocene: A museum perspective on environmental and social complexities
Authors: Fuentes Francisca Elizabeth Pimentel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe relationship between heritage and waste in the context of the Anthropocene has always been intricate. Historically, heritage and waste were viewed as opposing concepts, but in the Anthropocene, they are inextricably linked and interwoven, resulting in the creation of in situ and ex situ productions that leave deep imprints on their territories. How we deal with these landscapes of waste, or wastescapes, as a form of modern heritage is increasingly a concern for museums, which have a potentially pivotal role in addressing the phenomenon of global waste and educating the public about responsible consumption. The review of diverse exhibitions and artworks explores the cultural and social dimensions of waste, considering it as a form of modern heritage derived from and shaped by human activities that have become a planetary phenomenon in the twenty‐first century. It also unveils the connections between economic power, waste management, and environmental impact. In conclusion, current museum practice responds to a reevaluation of what is considered material culture, understanding it as testimonies of the present, with the aim of highlighting the role of museums as platforms for critically examining complex issues related to waste, enabling diverse ways of addressing the environmental and social injustices associated with waste management.
Have the personality and socio‐demographic profiles of Australian adolescent drinkers changed?
Authors: Taylor Nicholas , Callinan Sarah , Pennay Amy , Livingston Michael 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionAdolescent alcohol consumption has been declining across many countries, with rates of abstinence also increasing among younger cohorts. A range of socio‐demographic variables and personality traits are associated with alcohol use; however, no study has examined whether the relationship between personality and drinking has changed over time as adolescent drinking has declined.MethodsData from 15‐ to 17‐year‐old respondents were extracted from four waves (2004/2005, 2008/2009, 2012/2013, 2016/2017) of a long running Australian cohort study. Logistic regression analyses with interaction terms were used to determine whether personality traits (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and emotional stability) and socio‐demographic variables (age, gender, equivalised income, family structure, cultural background, school attendance and regionality) significantly differed between drinkers and abstainers and whether these relationships changed across cohorts.ResultsThe prevalence of drinking for 15‐ to 17‐year‐olds significantly declined over each survey wave from 54% in 2004/2005 to 24% in 2016/2017. Conscientiousness (odds ratio [OR] 0.82, confidence interval [CI] = 0.73, 0.93), extraversion ([OR] 1.25, [CI] = 1.11, 1.40) and emotional stability ([OR] 0.73, [CI] = 0.64, 0.83) were all significant predictors of alcohol consumption. No significant interactions between cohort and personality traits or socio‐demographic variables were found.Discussion and ConclusionsThe study found no evidence to indicate that the relationship between adolescent alcohol consumption and personality has changed. Similarly, socio‐demographic relationships with drinking were stable as drinking prevalence dropped by more than half. This adds to the evidence that drinking declines among adolescents are spread broadly across the population and not concentrated within identifiable sub‐groups of young people.
Parents' preferences for receiving and discussing prognostic genetic information regarding their children's neurodevelopmental condition: A qualitative study
Authors: Turbitt Erin , Bourne Meg , McEwen Alison , Amor David J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate parents' preferences and motivations for receiving and discussing prognostic genetic test results.MethodWe used a cross‐sectional, interpretive description qualitative study design. We collected data through semi‐structured interviews with Australian parents, which we analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsParents (n = 32) had a child or children with a genetic neurodevelopmental condition, such as fragile X syndrome, DiGeorge (22q11.2 deletion) syndrome, or Angelman syndrome. Parents of mildly impacted or older children were tolerant to prognostic uncertainty. Parents found conversations about their child's prognosis emotional and preferred to discuss their child's potential strengths and challenges. While most were enthusiastic about prognostic tests and described many motivations for testing, the potential for prognostic information to contribute to a loss of hope and stigmatizing societal views were also discussed.InterpretationParents had mixed preferences and motivations for acquiring prognostic genetic information about their child, contrasting evidence in other contexts such as cancer where parents typically have minimal tolerance of uncertainty. Health professionals should consider strength‐based framing of prognostic information gained from current and emerging technologies when returning results to families.What this paper adds

Parents had varied views about receiving prognostic information on their children's neurodevelopmental condition.
Some parents preferred prognostic uncertainty about their children's genetic neurodevelopmental condition.
Impact of arteriovenous fistula on flow states in the evaluation of aortic stenosis among ESKD patients on dialysis
Authors: Ogugua Fredrick M. , Mathew Roy O. , Ternacle Julien , Rodin Holly , Pibarot Philippe , Shroff Gautam R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionAn arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in patients with end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) can influence flow states. We sought to evaluate if assessment of aortic stenosis (AS) by transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) differs in the presence of AVF compared to other dialysis accesses in patients on dialysis.MethodsWe identified consecutive ESKD patients on dialysis and concomitant AS from a single center between January 2000 and March 2021. We analyzed TTE parameters of AS severity (velocities, gradients, aortic valve area [AVA]) and hemodynamics (cardiac output [CO], valvuloarterial impedance [Zva]) and compared AS parameters in patients with AVF versus other dialysis access.ResultsThe cohort included 94 patients with co‐prevalent ESKD and AS; mean age 66 years, 71% male; 43% Black, 24% severe AS. Dialysis access: 53% AVF, 47% others. In the overall cohort, no significant differences were noted between AVF versus non‐AVF in AVA/CO/Zva, but with notable subgroup differences. In mild AS, CO was significantly higher in AVF versus non‐AVF (6.3 vs. 5.2 L/min; p = .04). In severe AS, Zva was higher in the AVF versus non‐AVF (4.6 vs. 3.6 mm Hg/mL/m2). With increasing AS severity in the AVF group, CO decreased, coupled with increase in Zva, likely counterbalancing the net hemodynamic impact of the AVF.ConclusionAmong ESKD patients with AS, TTE parameters of flow states and AS severity differed in those with AVF versus other dialysis accesses and varied with progression in severity of AS. Future longitudinal assessment of hemodynamic parameters in a larger cohort of co‐prevalent ESRD and AS would be valuable.
Essential omega‐3 fatty acids are depleted in sea ice and pelagic algae of the Central Arctic Ocean
Authors: Schmidt Katrin , Graeve Martin , Hoppe Clara J. M. , Torres‐Valdes Sinhué , Welteke Nahid , Whitmore Laura M. , Anhaus Philipp , Atkinson Angus , Belt Simon T. , Brenneis Tina , Campbell Robert G. , Castellani Giulia , Copeman Louise A. , Flores Hauke , Fong Allison A. , Hildebrandt Nicole , Kohlbach Doreen , Nielsen Jens M. , Parrish Christopher C. , Rad‐Menéndez Cecilia , Rokitta Sebastian D. , Tippenhauer Sandra , Zhuang Yanpei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMicroalgae are the main source of the omega‐3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), essential for the healthy development of most marine and terrestrial fauna including humans. Inverse correlations of algal EPA and DHA proportions (% of total fatty acids) with temperature have led to suggestions of a warming‐induced decline in the global production of these biomolecules and an enhanced importance of high latitude organisms for their provision. The cold Arctic Ocean is a potential hotspot of EPA and DHA production, but consequences of global warming are unknown. Here, we combine a full‐seasonal EPA and DHA dataset from the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO), with results from 13 previous field studies and 32 cultured algal strains to examine five potential climate change effects; ice algae loss, community shifts, increase in light, nutrients, and temperature. The algal EPA and DHA proportions were lower in the ice‐covered CAO than in warmer peripheral shelf seas, which indicates that the paradigm of an inverse correlation of EPA and DHA proportions with temperature may not hold in the Arctic. We found no systematic differences in the summed EPA and DHA proportions of sea ice versus pelagic algae, and in diatoms versus non‐diatoms. Overall, the algal EPA and DHA proportions varied up to four‐fold seasonally and 10‐fold regionally, pointing to strong light and nutrient limitations in the CAO. Where these limitations ease in a warming Arctic, EPA and DHA proportions are likely to increase alongside increasing primary production, with nutritional benefits for a non‐ice‐associated food web.
Effects of nutrient enrichment on freshwater macrophyte and invertebrate abundance: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Neijnens Floris K. , Moreira Hadassa , de Jonge Melinda M. J. , Linssen Bart B. H. P. , Huijbregts Mark A. J. , Geerling Gertjan W. , Schipper Aafke M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractExternal nutrient loading can cause large changes in freshwater ecosystems. Many local field and laboratory experiments have investigated ecological responses to nutrient addition. However, these findings are difficult to generalize, as the responses observed may depend on the local context and the resulting nutrient concentrations in the receiving water bodies. In this research, we combined and analysed data from 131 experimental studies containing 3054 treatment‐control abundance ratios to assess the responses of freshwater taxa along a gradient of elevated nutrient concentrations. We carried out a systematic literature search in order to identify studies that report the abundance of invertebrate, macrophyte, and fish taxa in relation to the addition of nitrogen, phosphorus, or both. Next, we established mixed‐effect meta‐regression models to relate the biotic responses to the concentration gradients of both nutrients. We quantified the responses based on various abundance‐based metrics. We found no responses to the mere addition of nutrients, apart from an overall increase of total invertebrate abundance. However, when we considered the gradients of N and P enrichment, we found responses to both nutrients for all abundance metrics. Abundance tended to increase at low levels of N enrichment, yet decreased at the high end of the concentration gradient (1–10 mg/L, depending on the P concentration). Responses to increasing P concentrations were mostly positive. For fish, we found too few data to perform a meaningful analysis. The results of our research highlight the need to consider the level of nutrient enrichment rather than the mere addition of nutrients in order to better understand broad‐scale responses of freshwater biota to eutrophication, as a key step to identify effective conservation strategies for freshwater ecosystems.
Management of perennial forbs sown with or without self‐regenerating annual clovers for forage and nectar sources in a low‐input dryland production system
Authors: Seeno Elizabeth , MacAdam Jennifer , Melathopoulos Andony , Filley Shelby , Ates Serkan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractForage systems can be designed to produce high quality feed for ruminant livestock while providing habitat for insect pollinators. We compared forage productivity, nutritive value, and selenium uptake as well as late summer nectar production of perennial forage species; alfalfa (Medicago sativa), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus), red clover (Trifolium pratense), sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia), and chicory (Cichorium intybus) as monocultures and intercropped with either subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) or balansa clover (Trifolium michelianum) for two successive years in Oregon. Red clover intercropped with balansa clover out‐performed other stands, producing over 11 t DM ha−1 in 2019 and 9.4 t DM ha−1 in 2020. Birdsfoot trefoil and sainfoin mixtures were dominated by subterranean clover, negatively affecting total forage yield and flower abundance. Chicory intercropped with subterranean clover formed a more balanced mixture with improved DM yield and nutritive value relative to chicory monocultures. Chicory was most responsive to Se‐fertilisation in both years, having a higher concentration of Se relative to the other perennial species. Chicory also had high levels of condensed tannins (18.1–43.3 mg/g DM) relative to the other forages (1.8–17.5 mg/g DM). Red clover had the most consistent bloom in 2019, with 170 inflorescences per square meter at peak bloom and yielded an estimated total of 16.9 kg ha−1 sucrose. Birdsfoot trefoil produced the most inflorescences during peak bloom in 2020 at 279 inflorescences per square meter. However, alfalfa had a higher estimated sucrose yield in 2020 at 241 kg ha−1.
Implementing peer support work in mental health care in Germany: The methodological framework of the collaborative, participatory, mixed‐methods study (ImpPeer‐Psy5)
Authors: von Peter Sebastian , Kraemer Ute Maria , Cubellis Lauren , Fehler Georgia , Ruiz‐Pérez Guillermo , Schmidt Daniela , Ziegenhagen Jenny , Kuesel Madeleine , Ackers Susanne , Mahlke Candelaria , Nugent Lena , Heuer Imke 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundStarting in the 1990s in the United States, individuals with lived experience of mental health crises and recovery have been employed as peer support workers (PSWs) internationally. However, the implementation of PSW in clinical contexts remains challenging.MethodsThis manuscript presents and discusses the methodological framework of the ImpPeer‐Psy5 study on the PSW implementation in the German mental healthcare sector. This study used a mixed‐methods and collaborative research approach, as well as participatory research strategies. After describing the study design, populations, teamwork and assessments, the epistemic challenges of its methodological framework will be critically discussed and how it has iteratively shaped the object of study.Discussion and Practical ImplicationsThe healthcare, policy and funding context of PSW implementation as well as the study's methodological framework have differently influenced the ways in which the implementation of PSW has been conceived in this study. The choice of a collaborative or participatory methodological framework is advised to better align research questions and procedures to the specific needs and challenges of PSWs and other stakeholders concerned with PSW implementation.Patient and Public ContributionThe research team of the ImpPeer‐Psy5 study was collaboratively staffed by a portion of researchers who also identify as users or survivors of psychiatric services. A nonprofit organization for the training of PSWs served as a practice partner throughout the research process. Different participatory formats involve a significant number of diverse stakeholders relevant to PSW implementation.
HIV and type 2 diabetes: An evolving story
Authors: Daultrey Harriet , Levett Tom , Oliver Nick , Vera Jaime , Chakera Ali J 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionDiabetes is widely reported to be more common in people living with HIV (PLWH). Much of the data supporting this originated during the earlier HIV era. The perceived increased risk of type 2 diabetes is reflected in HIV clinical guidelines that recommend screening for diabetes in PLWH on anti‐retroviral therapy (ART). However, international HIV clinical guidelines do not agree on the best marker of glycaemia to screen for diabetes. This stems from studies that suggest HbA1c underestimates glycaemia in PLWH.MethodsWithin this review we summarise the literature surrounding the association of HIV and type 2 diabetes and how this has changed over time. We also present the evidence on HbA1c discrepancy in PLWH.ConclusionWe suggest there is no basis to any international guidelines to restrict HbA1c based on HIV serostatus. We recommend, using the current evidence, that PLWH should be screened annually for diabetes in keeping with country specific guidance. Finally, we suggest future work to elucidate phenotype and natural history of type 2 diabetes in PLWH across all populations.
Interventions for gender equality in STEM education: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Yu Wenhao , He Jiaqi , Luo Julan , Shu Xiaoyan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough gender inequality in education is gaining increasing attention, female underrepresentation remains pervasive in STEM fields. Many studies have applied various interventions to narrow the gender gap in STEM education.ObjectivesIn this study, we conducted a systematic meta‐analysis to examine the effectiveness of various interventions for gender equality in STEM education and tested the influence of moderator variables.MethodsTen databases—ERIC, IEEE, JSTOR, ProQuest‐Education, SAGE Journals, Scopus, Springer Link, Taylor & Francis, Web of Science, and Wiley Online Library—and seven high‐quality journals in related fields were selected as literature resources. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses (PRISMA) process was used to identify eligible articles for the random‐effects meta‐analysis.Results and ConclusionsThe overall effect size (Hedges' g) was 0.434, indicating that the interventions promoting gender equality in STEM education had a near‐medium positive effect. There were significant differences by the type of intervention, but not by the type of intervention outcome. The results of the moderator analysis showed a significant difference in moderator variables, including country, educational level, form of experiment, intervention level, and different measurement methods, whereas there was no significant difference in the moderator variables, including economic development level and sample size.ImplicationsThis study examined the effectiveness of gender equality interventions and the impact on it of different types of intervention, intervention outcomes, and moderator variables. These results have implications for the design of gender equality interventions in STEM education.
Cardioprotective effects of asiaticoside against diabetic cardiomyopathy: Activation of the AMPK/Nrf2 pathway
Authors: Xu Chennian , Xia Lin , Xu Dengyue , Liu Yang , Jin Ping , Zhai Mengen , Mao Yu , Wang Yiwei , Wen Anguo , Yang Jian , Yang Lifang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDiabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a chronic microvascular complication of diabetes that is generally defined as ventricular dysfunction occurring in patients with diabetes and unrelated to known causes. Several mechanisms have been proposed to contribute to the occurrence and persistence of DCM, in which oxidative stress and autophagy play a non‐negligible role. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. The 5′ adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase/nuclear factor‐erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (AMPK/Nrf2) are expressed in the heart, and studies have shown that asiaticoside (ASI) and activated AMPK/Nrf2 have a protective effect on the myocardium. However, the roles of ASI and AMPK/Nrf2 in DCM are unknown. The intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and high‐fat feed were used to establish the DCM models in 100 C57/BL mice. Asiaticoside and inhibitors of AMPK/Nrf2 were used for intervention. Cardiac function, oxidative stress, and autophagy were measured in mice. DCM mice displayed increased levels of oxidative stress while autophagy levels declined. In addition, AMPK/Nrf2 was activated in DCM mice with ASI intervention. Further, we discovered that AMPK/Nrf2 inhibition blocked the protective effect of ASI by compound C and treatment with ML‐385. The present study demonstrates that ASI exerts a protective effect against DCM via the potential activation of the AMPK/Nrf2 pathway. Asiaticoside is a potential therapeutic target for DCM.
Effect of polishing on milling, nutritional properties, and optimization of polishing process parameters for kodo and browntop millets: A response surface methodology approach
Authors: Rao B. Dayakar , Prudhvi P. V. V. P. , Kiran K. Ram , Wali Veeresh S. , Rao Pavuluri Srinivasa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMillets are termed ‘Nutri‐cereals’ as they possess exceptional nutrition profiles. They undergo several processing operations from farm to fork. Polishing is one of the important primary processing operations of millets that facilitates de‐branning. The current work aims to investigate the effect of polishing process parameters like grain's initial moisture content, the rotational speed of polisher, polishing time, on milling yield, nutritional losses of kodo, and browntop millets; to optimize the polishing process through response surface methodology. The polisher speed was found to influence milling and nutritional properties in both the millets whereas, the effect of grain's initial moisture was mostly observed in some responses of browntop millet. Kodo millet polishing at 10% initial moisture content, 1900 rpm for 2 min, and browntop millet polishing at 10% initial moisture content, 1300 rpm for 8 min were obtained as optimum polishing conditions. The degree of polishing and head grain yield at optimum conditions were in the range of 3.5%–4.0%, and 84%–92%, respectively. Less than 15% of nutritional losses were observed at optimum polishing conditions.Practical applicationsIndiscriminate polishing of millets has become most common industrial practice resulting in less head yield and high nutritional losses. Form the current study, both food processors and researchers get a brief knowledge on the effect of every polishing parameter such as grain moisture content before polishing, rotational speed of abrasive roller in polisher, time of polishing on milling losses and proximate compositions. The optimized process parameters can be directly employed in industrial polishing applications to produce polished grains with higher head yield and very minimal nutritional losses.