bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Felsbauplanung mit dem geotechnischen Werkzeugkasten von morgen: Eurocode 7 – Baugrundeigenschaften (EN 1997‐2:2024)
Authors: Estaire José , Muralha José , Segalini Andrea , Johansson Erik , Nuijten Guido , Heintz Robert 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper presents an overview of the contents of 2nd Generation Eurocode 7 Part 2, highlighting two of the major changes introduced, being the Ground Model and the Rock Engineering implementation. The document is organized from a ground property perspective so that the role of Part 2 and the links with the geotechnical design are much clearer than in the previous edition. Its new title is a clear indication of this idea: ”Ground properties“ including both soil and rock properties. The need to have representative values for the ground properties is the objective of this new Part 2, which is intended to guide designers on the path to obtain those values by means of the Desk Study, Site Inspection, Field Investigation and Laboratory Testing. Given this framework, the paper explains the concepts behind the Ground Model, the main output of the Ground Investigation, which includes the ground profile, the geometric properties of the ground and its layers, groundwater, and the derived values of the ground properties, paying attention of the role of discontinuities in such ground profile. The tasks that form the Ground Investigation and the minimum number of activities to be performed are described. This new version of EN 1997 will include a Rock Engineering perspective for all above items. And finally, the ground properties of the rock material and the rock mass are listed and discussed.
Identification of aggressive driving behavior of online car‐hailing drivers based on association classification
Authors: Wu Ying , Chen Shuyan , Ma Yongfeng , Cheng Wen , Zhang Fangwei , Xing Guanyang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development of online car‐hailing, the related crashes have become a key issue with public concern. Identifying and predicting aggressive driving behaviors is critical to reduce traffic crashes. In this study, we propose a method to recognize aggressive driving behavior based on association classification, with multisource features being employed, including driver emotion, vehicle kinematic characteristics, and road environment. The model performs best in a 10‐fold cross‐test when the minimum support and minimum confidence are set as 0.01 and 0.8, respectively. Besides, we also compare the performance of aggressive driving behavior recognition classifiers constructed using association classification with other rule‐based classification methods, including ID3, C4.5, CART, and Random Forest. The results show that association classification performs better than other classification competitors. Thirty‐six if–then rules generated by the association classification are used to analyze the influencing factors and associated mechanisms of aggressive driving behavior. It is found that aggressive driving behavior is highly correlated with driver anger and disgust emotions. Aggressive driving behavior is more likely to occur when no passengers are in the car than the case with passengers. Driver entertainment behavior and passenger interference also affect driving behavior. Moreover, drivers are prone to aggressive driving when making a U‐turn. This research not only proposed a new identification method for aggressive driving behavior but also provided a comprehensive understanding of the associated influencing factors which thus benefit the further research and development of safety assistance driving devices.
The role of synbiotics as adjunctive agents in the treatment of allergic rhinitis: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Faridzadeh Arezoo , Yadegari Yaser , Bakhshaee Mahdi , Kabiri Mona , Mohammadi Mozhgan , Khoshkhui Maryam , Jabbari Azad Farahzad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionAllergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent chronic disease affecting a significant portion of the global population. The substantial economic burden associated with treating AR necessitates the exploration of alternative therapies. Probiotics have gained attention due to their availability, minimal adverse effects, and cost‐effectiveness. The present study aims to investigate the role of synbiotics as adjunctive agents in the treatment of AR when added to standard treatment.MethodThirty patients with persistent allergic rhinitis (PAR) were randomly assigned to receive routine diet therapy plus synbiotics or routine diet therapy plus placebo per day for 4 months. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS Version 20.ResultThis study revealed a notable difference in immunoglobulin (Ig)E levels between the placebo and synbiotics groups (p = 0.035) following the intervention. Although a statistically significant difference (p = 0.039) was observed in the changes before and after the intervention (synbiotics and placebo) in the SNOT22 questionnaire, this finding was not observed for the MiniRQLQ questionnaire. For the MiniRQLQ questionnaire, the within‐group analysis showed significant changes in activity variables (p = 0.023), ocular symptoms (p = 0.036), and practical problems (p = 0.043) exclusively in the synbiotics group. Additionally, changes in nasal symptoms were observed in both synbiotics (p = 0.006) and placebo (p = 0.007) groups.ConclusionThis study suggests that synbiotics supplementation for 4 months can impact IgE levels compared with placebo in individuals with PAR, while also exhibiting positive effects on symptomology.
Experimental and computational study of convective heat fluxes in swirling two‐phase flows
Authors: Hassan Aitazaz , Sanaullah Khairuddin , Taranenko Pavel Alexandrovich , Sinitsin Vladimir Vladimirovich , Ullah Atta , Khan Afrasyab 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe convective mode of heat transfer is mainly due to the bulk motion of the fluid. Its turbulent nature and enhanced heat transfer coefficients have always attracted the academic, scientific community, and industrialists for many decades. The current research is based on the experimental and theoretical investigations on the turbulent convective heat transfer in swirling (60–300 rpm) steam (1–3 bars) injection into cocurrently flowing water. An exponential increase in the convective heat transfers up till the most swollen part of the swirling steam‐water volume of fluids has been observed. However, the convective heat transfer of the remaining part of the steam's plume shows an almost stagnant decreasing trend. The range of Rayleigh number that supports the transition in trends of the convective heat fluxes is 2.84 × 1011–3.71 × 1011. This transition affects the magnitude of the convective heat fluxes and the extent of the effective momentum fluxes, which is evident in the dominant role of the flow instabilities acting across the length of the steam's plume. Computational Fluid Dynamic analysis also has supported the exhibition of the heat fluxes magnitudes under the influence of the interacting Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities and inertial instabilities across and along with the cocurrently acting shear layer.
Neuroprotective mechanism of salvianolic acid B against cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury in mice through downregulation of TLR4, p‐p38MAPK, p‐JNK, NF‐κB, and IL‐1β
Authors: Zheng Xiu‐fen , Zhang Xiang‐jian , Dong Li‐peng , Zhao Jing‐ru , Zhang Cong , Chen Rong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTissue injury and inflammation are two potential outcomes of cerebral ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B), isolated from the roots ofSalvia miltiorrhiza, is one of the major water‐soluble compounds with a wide range of pharmacological effects including antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antiproliferative, and neuroprotective effects. In the present study, we explored the neuroprotective effects and potential mechanisms of Sal B after I/R injury.MethodsWe induced cerebral ischemia in male CD‐1 mice through transient (60 min) middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), and then injected Sal B (30 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Neurological deficits, infarct volumes, and brain edema were assessed at 24 and 72 h after tMCAO. We detected the expression of Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), phosphorylated‐p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (P‐p38 MAPK), phosphorylated c‐Jun amino (N)‐terminal kinases (p‐JNK), nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB), and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) in the brain tissue.ResultsCompared with the tMCAO group, Sal B significantly improved neurological deficits, reduced infarct size, attenuated cerebral edema, and downregulated the expression of pro‐inflammatory mediators TLR4, p‐p38MAPK, p‐JNK, nuclear NF‐κB, and IL‐1β in brain tissue after I/R injury.ConclusionWe found that Sal B protects brain tissues from I/R injury by activating its anti‐inflammatory properties.
Surface Reactivity of the Au‐Si‐Ho Quasicrystalline 1/1 Approximant
Authors: Mbajoun Wilfried Bajoun , Huang Yu‐Chin , Gebresenbut Girma Hailu , Gómez Cesar Pay , Fournée Vincent , Ledieu Julian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe oxidation of the (100) surface of Au‐Si‐Ho quasicrystalline approximant was studied using low‐energy electron diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The combination of these two techniques provides evidence for a Ho and Si surface segregation induced by O2 adsorption, resulting in the loss of surface long‐range order.
Development and validation of a clinical model to predict preconception risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in nulliparous women: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jin Fengzhen , Sun Junjie , Yang Yuanpei , Li Ruiyue , Luo Mi , Huang Qiao , Liu Xiaoli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo develop and validate a model to predict the preconception risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in nulliparous women.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 1565 women in early pregnancy who underwent preconception health examinations in the Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between January 2020 and June 2021 were invited to participate in a questionnaire survey. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the preconception risk factors for GDM. These factors were used to construct a model to predict GDM risk in nulliparous women. Then, the model was used to assess the preconception risk of GDM in 1060 nulliparous women.ResultsIndependent preconception risk factors for GDM included the following: age 35 years or greater, diastolic blood pressure 80 mm Hg or greater, fasting plasma glucose 5.1 mmol/L or greater, body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) 24 or greater, weight gain 10 kg or greater in the year before pregnancy, age of menarche 15 years or greater, three or more previous pregnancies, daily staple food intake 300 g or greater, fondness for sweets, and family history of diabetes. BMI less than 18.5, daily physical activity duration 1 h or greater, and high‐intensity physical activity were protective factors. These factors were used to construct a model to predict GDM risk in nulliparous women, and the incidence of GDM significantly increased as the risk score increased. The area under the curve of the prediction model was 0.82 (95% confidence interval 0.80–0.85).ConclusionThe preconception GDM risk prediction model demonstrated good predictive efficacy and can be used to identify populations at high risk of GDM before pregnancy, which provides the possibility for preconception intervention.
Effects of different fractions of inspired oxygen on gas embolization during hysteroscopic surgery: A double‐blind, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Deng Xi , Zhou Jieshu , Diao Min , Li Hao , Lin Xuemei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveGas embolism is a common complication of hysteroscopic surgery that causes serious concern among gynecologists and anesthesiologists due to the potential risk to patients. The factors influencing gas embolism in hysteroscopic surgery have been extensively studied. However, the effect of the oxygen concentration inhaled by patients on gas embolism during hysteroscopic surgery remains elusive. Therefore, we designed a double‐blind, randomized, controlled trial to determine whether different inhaled oxygen concentrations influence the occurrence of gas embolism during hysteroscopic surgery.MethodsThis trial enrolled 162 adult patients undergoing elective hysteroscopic surgery who were randomly divided into three groups with inspired oxygen fractions of 30%, 50%, and 100%. Transthoracic echocardiography (four‐chamber view) was used to evaluate whether gas embolism occurred. Before the start of surgery, the four‐chamber view was continuously monitored.ResultsThe number of gas embolisms in the 30%, 50%, and 100% groups was 36 (69.2%), 30 (55.6%), and 24 (44.4%), respectively. The incidence of gas embolism gradually decreased with increasing inhaled oxygen concentration (P = 0.031).ConclusionIn hysteroscopic surgery, a higher oxygen concentration inhaled by patients may reduce the incidence of gas embolism, indicating that a higher inhaled oxygen concentration, especially 100%, could be recommended for patients during hysteroscopic surgery.Trial RegistrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry (https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=53779, Registration number: ChiCTR2000033202).
Longitudinal relationships among sociocultural pressure for body image, self‐concept clarity, and emotional well‐being in adolescents
Authors: Xiang Guangcan , Teng Zhaojun , Yang Linchuan , He Yanyan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study examined the longitudinal relationships among sociocultural pressure for body image (SPBI), self‐concept clarity (SCC), and emotional well‐being (EWB) at both the between‐ and within‐person levels.MethodsThe participants were 2001 Chinese adolescents (age range 11−24, 42.9% males). Recruitment of participants occurred for 1 year across three waves (i.e., 6 months apart across three cohorts). The baseline and follow‐up questionnaire surveys were utilized to assess SPBI, SCC, EWB, and background variables. Longitudinal associations between the above main variables were tested using a cross‐lagged panel model (CLPM) and multilevel regression analysis.ResultsThe CLPM and multilevel‐model analysis showed that SCC longitudinally mediated the relationships between SPBI and EWB. Besides, gender and age were considered moderators in the associations among SPBI, SCC, and EWB.ConclusionsSCC could be an underlying mechanism for the longitudinal relationship between SPBI and EWB among Chinese adolescents, which provides a potential intervention target for improving adolescents' well‐being from a sociocultural framework.
The impact of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 genetic variations on tacrolimus treatment of living‐donor Egyptian kidney transplanted patients
Authors: Wanas Hanaa , Kamel Mai Hamed , William Emad Adel , Fayad Tarek , Abdelfattah Mohamed Essmat , Elbadawy Hossein Mostafa , Mikhael Emily Samir 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundTacrolimus (TAC) is the mainstay of immunosuppressive regimen for kidney transplantations. Its clinical use is complex due to high inter‐individual variations which can be partially attributed to genetic variations at the metabolizing enzymes CYP3A4 and CYP3A5. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), CYP3A4*22 and CYP3A5*3, have been reported as important causes of differences in pharmacokinetics that can affect efficacy and/or toxicity of TAC.ObjectiveInvestigating the effect of CYP3A4*22 and CYP3A5*3 SNPs individually and in combination on the TAC concentration in Egyptian renal recipients.MethodsOverall, 72 Egyptian kidney transplant recipients were genotyped for CYP3A4*22 G>A and CYP3A5*3 T>C. According to the functional defect associated with CYP3A variants, patients were clustered into: poor (PM) and non‐poor metabolizers (Non‐PM). The impact on dose adjusted through TAC concentrations (C0) and daily doses at different time points after transplantation was evaluated.ResultsCyp3A4*1/*22 and PM groups require significantly lower dose of TAC (mg/kg) at different time points with significantly higher concentration/dose (C0/D) ratio at day 10 in comparison to Cyp3A4*1/*1 and Non‐PM groups respectively. However, CyP3A5*3 heterozygous individuals did not show any significant difference in comparison to CyP3A5*1/*3 individuals. By comparing between PM and Non‐PM, the PM group had a significantly lower rate of recipients not reaching target C0 at day 14.ConclusionThis is the first study on Egyptian population to investigate the impact of CYP3A4*22 and CYP3A5*3 SNPs individually and in combination on the TAC concentration. This study and future multicenter studies can contribute to the individualization of TAC dosing in Egyptian patients.
HPV16 infection promotes the malignant transformation of the esophagus and progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Hongzhou , Wei Yuxuan , Zhang Jiaying , Zhang Kun , Tian Liming , Liu Yongpan , Zhang Shihui , Zhou Yijian , Wang Zhuo , Shi Songlin , Fu Zhichao , Fu Jianqian , Zhao Jing , Li Xinxin , Zhang Lijia , Zhao Liran , Liu Kuancan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) may be correlated with HPV infection, and the mechanism underlying the ESCC formation induced by HPV16 infection remains elusive. Here, we overexpressed HPV16 E6 and E7 and coordinated the overexpression of these two genes in EPC2 and ESCC cells. We found that E7 and coordinated expression of E6 and E7 promoted the proliferation of EPC2 cells, and upregulation of shh was responsible for cell proliferation since the use of vismodegib led to the failure of organoid formation. Meanwhile, overexpression of E6 and E7 in ESCC cells promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Importantly, E6 and E7 coordinately increased the capability of tumor growth in nude mice, while vismodegib slowed the growth of tumors in NCG mice. Moreover, a series of genes and proteins changed in cell lines after overexpression of the E6 and E7 genes, the potential biological processes and pathways were systematically analyzed using a bioinformatics assay. Together, these findings suggest that the activation of the hedgehog pathway induced by HPV16 infection may initially transform basal cells in the esophagus and promote following malignant processes in ESCC cells. The application of hedgehog inhibitors may represent a therapeutic avenue for ESCC treatment.
Landiolol, an intravenous β1‐selective blocker, is useful for dissociating a fusion of atrial activation via accessory pathway and atrioventricular node
Authors: Kinjo Takahiko , Kimura Masaomi , Kaname Noriyoshi , Horiuchi Daisuke , Itoh Taihei , Ishida Yuji , Nishizaki Kimitaka , Toyama Yuichi , Sasaki Shingo , Tomita Hirofumi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionDuring ventricular pacing, a fusion of atrial activation may occur owing to the simultaneous retrograde conduction of the atrioventricular (AV) node and accessory pathway (AP), potentially leading to an inaccurate mapping of the atrial AP insertion site.ObjectiveWe tested the hypothesis that landiolol, an ultra‐short‐acting intravenous β1‐blocker, could dissociate a fusion of atrial activation.MethodsWe conducted a prospective before‐and‐after study to investigate the effect of landiolol on retrograde conduction via the AV node and AP. We enrolled 21 consecutive patients with orthodromic AV reciprocating tachycardia who underwent electrophysiological studies at our hospital between January 1, 2018, and August 31, 2020.ResultsSix patients exhibited a fusion of atrial activation. After landiolol administration (10 μg/kg/min), the effective refractory period was unchanged in AP (280 [240–290] ms vs. 280 [245–295] ms, p = .91), whereas that of the AV node was prolonged (275 [215–380] ms vs. 332 [278–445] ms, p = .03). The Wenckebach pacing rate via retrograde AV node decreased after landiolol administration (180 [140–200] beats per minute [bpm] vs. 140 [120–180] bpm, p = .02). Thus, landiolol decreased the minimum ventricular pacing rate required to dissociate a fusion of atrial activation (180 [160–200] bpm vs. 140 [128–155] bpm, p = .007). Radiofrequency catheter ablation under landiolol administration successfully eliminated AP in all patients during ventricular pacing without complications or recurrence.ConclusionLandiolol inhibited the AV node without affecting the AP and helped dissociate a fusion of atrial activation at a lower ventricular pacing rate.
Association between antihyperlipidemic agents and the risk of chronic periodontitis in patients with hyperlipidemia: A population‐based retrospective cohort study in Taiwan
Authors: Wang An‐Yi , Lin Guan‐Ling , Keller Joseph Jordan , Wang Li‐Hsuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe lipid‐lowering and anti‐inflammatory effects of statins and fibrates may ameliorate periodontitis. Patients with hyperlipidemia tend to have a worse periodontal status. This study assessed the association between the use of statins/fibrates and the incidence of chronic periodontitis in patients with hyperlipidemia in Taiwan.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study enrolled patients newly diagnosed with hyperlipidemia between 2001 and 2012 from the 2000 Longitudinal Generation Tracking Database and followed them for 5 years. The study population was divided into four groups: statin monotherapy, fibrate monotherapy, combination therapy (both statins and fibrates), and control (neither statins nor fibrates). Each patient in the treatment group was matched at a ratio of 1:1 with a control. Chronic periodontitis risk was compared in the three study arms by using a Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsChronic periodontitis risk was reduced by 25.7% in the combination therapy group compared with the control group (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.743; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.678–0.815). Low dose (<360 cumulative defined daily dose [cDDD]) and shorter duration (<2 years) of statin monotherapy seem to be associated with an increased risk of chronic periodontitis; high dose (≥720 cDDD/≥1080 cDDD) and longer duration (≥3 years) of statin/fibrate monotherapy may be correlated with a lower risk of periodontitis. Hydrophobic statin users had a lower chronic periodontitis risk than hydrophilic statin users.ConclusionChronic periodontitis risk was lower in patients with hyperlipidemia on combination treatment with statins and fibrates, and the risk decreased when patients used statins or fibrates for >3 years.