bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multilevel Temporal Convolutional Network Model with Wavelet Decomposition and Boruta Selection for Forecasting Monthly Precipitation
Authors: Tao Lizhi , He Xinguang , Li Jiajia , Yang Dong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, a multilevel temporal convolutional network (MTCN) model is proposed for 1-month-ahead forecasting of precipitation. In the MTCN model, à trous wavelet transform (ATWT) is first utilized to decompose the standardized monthly precipitation anomaly and its candidate predictors into their components with the different time scales. Then, at each of the time levels, a temporal convolutional network (TCN) model is built to forecast the precipitation anomaly component by combining with the Boruta selection algorithm (TCN-B) for identifying important model inputs from corresponding predictor components. Finally, the precipitation forecast is achieved by summing all the forecasted anomaly components and applying the inverse transform of the standardized monthly precipitation. The proposed MTCN is tested and compared to the TCN-B and TCN using monthly precipitation at 189 stations in the Yangtze River basin. The TCN-B is formed by coupling the TCN with the Boruta algorithm. The comparison results show that the TCN-B outperforms the TCN, and the MTCN has the best performance among the three models. Compared to the TCN, the MTCN provides a significant improvement for all stations, especially for the eastern stations of the basin. It is also shown that all three models perform better in spring and summer and have the weakest abilities in winter. The MTCN has a great improvement in predicting precipitation of all four seasons compared with the other two models. Additionally, all three models exhibit better prediction performance in the western region than in the eastern region of the basin, which is strongly related to the spatial distribution of precipitation variability.
Compatibilizing effect of grafted recycled graphene on the viscoelasticity and mechanical performance of polypropylene composites
Authors: Şahin Dündar Gülayşe , Saner Okan Burcu 
Published: October 2023

The interface problem encountered with the graphene addition in polyolefin composites is an important issue and it is necessary to use various compatibilizers to overcome this problem. Maleic anhydride grafted Polypropylene (MAPP), which is an extensively used compatibilizer in PP composites tends to eliminate these interfacial problems by interacting physically through PP chains and allows easier stress transmission from matrix to reinforcer. However, there is a lack of understanding about how this compatibilizer works with graphene-based PP composite systems since MAPP is mostly used to harmonize hydrophilic surfaces of fillers with non-polar PP. With this study, instead of direct usage of MAPP and GNP separately, waste tyre driven graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) was grafted by MAPP and the resulted material (MAPP-g-GNP) was compounded with PP by applying high shear rates at a melt phase. Effect of MAPP-g-GNP on the processability, viscoelastic response, and mechanical performance of PP composites were investigated, and high degree of interfacial enhancement was achieved by chemically combined MAPP with amphiphilic type of GNP in PP matrix. The use of MAPP-g-GNP at a loading ratio of 0.1 wt% resulted in 38% increase in flexural modulus and 26% in flexural strength and tensile modulus compared to neat PP. The two additives used in the PP composite (2 wt% MAPP and 0.1 wt % GNP) were reduced to a single additive (PP/MAPP-g-GNP) with a 95% weight reduction in the additive content of PP. Rheological studies support that MAPP is not as successful as MAPP-g-GNP in strengthening the interface when used alone with GNP due to the lower complex viscosity and the higher crossover frequency. This study contributes to the production of high-performance PP materials with a very low amount of combined GNP and compatibilizer by integrating the circularity approach in compound development by using GNP obtained from recycled and upcycled waste tyres.
Comprehensive Long-Term Outcomes Following Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis
Authors: Kosyk Mychajlo S. , Salinero Lauren K. , Morales Carrie Z. , Shakir Sameer , Cielo Christopher M. , Scott Michelle , Nah Hyun-Duck , Bartlett Scott P. , Taylor Jesse A. , Swanson Jordan W. 
Published: October 2023

Objective To describe long-term outcomes and complications following mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) in a diverse patient cohort Design Cross-sectional study Setting Single tertiary-care pediatric center Patients Forty-eight patients previously undergoing MDO with minimum 4-year follow-up Main Outcome Measures Respiratory outcomes, feeding patterns, dental development, motor/sensory nerve function, temporo-mandibular joint function, and postsurgical scarring Results Forty-six patients with a median age of 7 years were evaluated. Of 20 nonsyndromic patients, none required additional airway procedures, none required continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) during sleep, and 19 (95%) fed exclusively by mouth. Among 26 syndromic patients, 7 (27%) required CPAP and 8 (31%) were tube fed. Permanent first molar differences were seen in the majority of subjects; patterns of damage interfering with function were more common in syndromic (13/28, 46%) compared to nonsyndromic (5/24, 21%; P = .014) subjects. MDO prior to age two was associated with more frequent and worse dental damage ( P = .001). Inferior alveolar nerve and marginal mandibular nerve function were fully intact in 37 (80%) and 39 (85%) of patients, respectively. Three patients (6%), all with associated genetic syndromes, demonstrated severe nerve impairment. By the Vancouver scar scale, ≥ 80% of surgical scars were rated in the most favorable category for each quality assessed. Temporomandibular joint dysfunction was rare. Conclusions MDO shows highly favorable long-term respiratory, feeding, nerve, and scar outcomes in nonsyndromic patients, although permanent molar changes not precluding tooth viability are commonly seen. Patients with associated syndromes demonstrate respiratory and feeding benefits, but higher rates of dental and nerve abnormalities.
“Truman syndrome” induced by online education: A case report in adolescent-Onset psychosis
Authors: Yildirim Budak Burcu , Yazici Karabulut Irem 
Published: October 2023

Early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) is an important psychiatric problem characterized by the onset of psychotic symptoms before the age of 18 years. We present the case of a 14-year-old girl who had social anxiety symptoms in the premorbid period and whose psychotic symptoms increased with pandemic restrictions and online education. Our patient’s distance from the peer environment and school as well as the fact that she used webcams and online education more frequently in her daily life were risk factors for EOS. In accordance with the case of Truman syndrome, she has delusions that her daily life is secretly filmed and that she is a “TV star.” Anti-anxiety treatments were initiated during the pre-pandemic period. After a diagnosis of schizophrenia was made, antipsychotic treatment was initiated. A significant response was observed after paliperidone (extended release) treatment. Close follow-ups revealed decreased delusions and increased functionality. Further studies are required to elucidate whether Truman syndrome and social anxiety are different aspects of a similar spectrum. With increasing digitalization, the direction of psychiatric diseases, including EOS, and measures that can be taken for adolescent mental health in crisis, such as pandemics, should be discussed in future research.
Feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effectiveness of a mental health drop-in centre for the siblings of young people attending a paediatric hospital
Authors: Bennett Sophie D , Rojas Natalia , Catanzano Matteo , Roach Anna , Ching Brian CF , Coughtrey Anna E , Heyman Isobel , Liang Holan , Project Team Lucy , Shafran Roz 
Published: October 2023

Siblings of children with long-term conditions (LTCs) can have significantly elevated mental health needs, but these are often overlooked. A pragmatic single-arm feasibility pilot assessed feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effectiveness of a drop-in centre in a paediatric hospital addressing mental health needs of patients with LTCs, their carers and siblings. The drop-in centre accepted self-referral and supplemented existing provision offering a suite of interventions, including signposting, diagnostic assessments and/or guided self-help. This paper reports on feasibility, acceptability and preliminary outcomes of this centre for siblings. Eighteen siblings aged 2–17 used the centre. Sixteen of their parents completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires at baseline and 6 months post-baseline, and ten completed parent-reported PedsQL across two time points. Preliminary effectiveness results demonstrated a decrease in mental health symptoms with large effect size (score reduction of 3.44, 95% CI [1.25, 5.63], d = 0.84) and small effect on quality of life, with scores increasing from a median of 69.91, 95% CI [53.57, 91.67], to a median of 80.44, 95% CI [67.39, 89.13], r = 0.11 for these siblings. 88% of parents were satisfied with this provision for their sibling child. This study highlights the feasibility and value of assessing siblings for emotional and behavioural difficulties and providing them with an accessible, effective and acceptable intervention.
Single-cell characterization of self-renewing primary trophoblast organoids as modeling of EVT differentiation and interactions with decidual natural killer cells
Authors: Zhuang Bai-Mei , Cao Dan-Dan , Li Tian-Xi , Liu Xiao-Feng , Lyu Min-Min , Wang Si-Dong , Cui Xin-Yuan , Wang Li , Chen Xiao-Lin , Lin Xiao-Li , Lee Cheuk-Lun , Chiu Philip C.N. , Yeung William S.B. , Yao Yuan-Qing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Extravillous trophoblast cell (EVT) differentiation and its communication with maternal decidua especially the leading immune cell type natural killer (NK) cell are critical events for placentation. However, appropriate in vitro modelling system and regulatory programs of these two events are still lacking. Recent trophoblast organoid (TO) has advanced the molecular and mechanistic research in placentation. Here, we firstly generated the self-renewing TO from human placental villous and differentiated it into EVTs (EVT-TO) for investigating the differentiation events. We then co-cultured EVT-TO with freshly isolated decidual NKs for further study of cell communication. TO modelling of EVT differentiation as well as EVT interaction with dNK might cast new aspect for placentation research.

Results
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was applied for comprehensive characterization and molecular exploration of TOs modelling of EVT differentiation and interaction with dNKs. Multiple distinct trophoblast states and dNK subpopulations were identified, representing CTB, STB, EVT, dNK1/2/3 and dNKp. Lineage trajectory and Seurat mapping analysis identified the close resemblance of TO and EVT-TO with the human placenta characteristic. Transcription factors regulatory network analysis revealed the cell-type specific essential TFs for controlling EVT differentiation. CellphoneDB analysis predicted the ligand-receptor complexes in dNK-EVT-TO co-cultures, which relate to cytokines, immunomodulation and angiogenesis. EVT was known to affect the immune properties of dNK. Our study found out that on the other way around, dNKs could exert effects on EVT causing expression changes which are functionally important.

Conclusion
Our study documented a single-cell atlas for TO and its applications on EVT differentiation and communications with dNKs, and thus provide methodology and novel research cues for future study of human placentation.
Dynamic characteristics and functional analysis provide new insights into the role of GauERF105 for resistance against Verticillium dahliae in cotton
Authors: Wang Yanqing , Umer Muhammad Jawad , Cai Xiaoyan , Yang Mengying , Hou Yuqing , Xu Yanchao , Batool Raufa , Mehari Teame Gereziher , Zheng Jie , Wang Yuhong , Wang Heng , Li Zhikun , Zhou Zhongli , Liu Fang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The cotton industry suffers significant yield losses annually due to Verticillium wilt, which is considered the most destructive disease affecting the crop. However, the precise mechanisms behind this disease in cotton remain largely unexplored.

Methods
Our approach involved utilizing transcriptome data from G. australe which was exposed to Verticillium dahliae infection. From this data, we identified ethylene-responsive factors and further investigated their potential role in resistance through functional validations via Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in cotton and overexpression in Arabidopsis.

Results
A total of 23 ethylene response factors (ERFs) were identified and their expression was analyzed at different time intervals (24 h, 48 h, and 72 h post-inoculation). Among them, GauERF105 was selected based on qRT-PCR expression analysis for further investigation. To demonstrate the significance of GauERF105, VIGS was utilized, revealing that suppressing GauERF105 leads to more severe infections in cotton plants compared to the wild-type. Additionally, the silenced plants exhibited reduced lignin deposition in the stems compared to the WT plants, indicating that the silencing of GauERF105 also impacts lignin content. The overexpression of GauERF105 in Arabidopsis confirmed its pivotal role in conferring resistance against Verticillium dahliae infection. Our results suggest that WT possesses higher levels of the oxidative stress markers MDA and H2O2 as compared to the overexpressed lines. In contrast, the activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and POD were higher in the overexpressed lines compared to the WT. Furthermore, DAB and trypan staining of the overexpressed lines suggested a greater impact of the disease in the wild-type compared to the transgenic lines.

Conclusions
Our findings provide confirmation that GauERF105 is a crucial candidate in the defense mechanism of cotton against Verticillium dahliae invasion, and plays a pivotal role in this process. These results have the potential to facilitate the development of germplasm resistance in cotton.
OsCBL1 modulates rice nitrogen use efficiency via negative regulation of OsNRT2.2 by OsCCA1
Authors: Hu Zhao , Guo Yutan , Ying Suping , Tang Yunting , Niu Jiawei , Wang Ting , Huang Ruifeng , Xie Hongwei , Wang Wenya , Peng Xiaojue 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
For cereal crop breeding, it is meaningful to improve utilization efficiency (NUE) under low nitrogen (LN) levels while maintaining crop yield. OsCBL1-knockdown (OsCBL1-KD) plants exhibited increased nitrogen accumulation and NUE in the field of low N level.

Results
OsCBL1-knockdown (OsCBL1-KD) in rice increased the expression of a nitrate transporter gene OsNRT2.2. In addition, the expression of OsNRT2.2, was suppressed by OsCCA1, a negative regulator, which could directly bind to the MYB-binding elements (EE) in the region of OsNRT2.2 promoter. The OsCCA1 expression was found to be down-regulated in OsCBL1-KD plants. At the low Nitrogen (N) level field, the OsCBL1-KD plants exhibited a substantial accumulation of content and higher NUE, and their actual biomass remained approximately as the same as that of the wild type.

Conclusion
These results indicated that down-regulation of OsCBL1 expression could upregulate the expression of OsNRT2.2 by suppressing the expression of OsCCA1and then increasing the NUE of OsCBL1-KD plants under low nitrogen availability.
Gender differences in caregiver attitudes and unmet needs for activities of daily living (ADL) assistance among older adults with disabilities
Authors: Woo Selin , Cui Ying , Kim Suyeon , Choi Mankyu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
With a rapidly ageing population and a decline in the availability of family caregivers, the number of older adults with disabilities who have unmet long-term care needs is gradually increasing worldwide. However, whether there are gender differences in the association between primary caregivers or their attitudes and unmet needs for activities of daily living (ADL) assistance remains largely unknown.

Methods
This study used the latest 2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), containing the data of 1187 older adults with disabilities aged 65 and older, to identify gender differences in the attitudes of primary caregivers toward the unmet needs for ADL assistance among with disabilities adults in China. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the effects of primary caregivers and their caregiving attitudes on the unmet care experiences of older adults with ADLs. In addition, a gender-stratified analysis was conducted to compare the differences based on older adults’ gender.

Results
The results revealed that the lack of positive attitudes from primary caregivers might create a situation of unmet needs for ADL assistance among older adults. When family members carry the main burden of care, older adults with disabilities, especially older women, have a lower level of unmet needs for ADL assistance. Therefore, it is important to consider gender-specific interventions to improve ADL assistance among older adults.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that the presence of a family member as a caregiver has a significant effect on unmet needs for ADL assistance in women, highlighting the importance of developing an emotional bond with the caregiver. Given that the availability of informal caregivers, such as family members, is declining, it is crucial to provide financial assistance and formal services, such as paid home services and community-based care services, and reduce the burden on family caregivers to address the unmet needs for ADL assistance among older adults with disabilities in China.
Dynamic evaluation of unruptured intracranial aneurysms by 4D-CT angiography: comparison with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and surgical findings
Authors: Yang Liping , Gao Xing , Gao Chao , Xu Shichuan , Cao Shaodong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
This study was to prospectively investigate the feasibility of four-dimensional computed tomography angiography (4D-CTA) with electrocardiogram-gated (ECG) reconstruction for preoperative evaluation of morphological parameters, and compared with digital subtraction angiography (DSA). We also aimed to detect pulsation in unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) by using 4D-CTA, as a potential predicting factor of growth or rupture.

Materials
64 patients with 64 UIAs underwent ECG-gated dynamic 4D-CTA imaging before treatment, of which 46 patients additionally underwent DSA. Original scanning data were reconstructed to produce 20 data sets of cardiac cycles with 5%-time intervals. The extent of agreement on UIAs morphological features assessed with 4D-CTA and DSA was estimated using the k coefficient of the Kappa test. The radiation doses were also calculated and compared between 4D-CTA and DSA. In the aneurysmal surgically treated in our institution, we were able to compare the surgical findings of the aneurysm wall with 4D-CTA images. We performed long-term follow-up on untreated patients.

Results
The morphological characteristics detected by 4D-CTA and DSA were consistent in aneurysm location (k = 1.0), shape (k = 0.76), maximum diameter (k = 0.94), aneurysm neck (k = 0.79) and proximity to parent and branch vessels (k = 0.85). 4D-CTA required lower radiation doses (0.32 ± 0.11 mSv) than DSA (0.84 ± 0.37 mSv, P < 0.001). Pulsation was detected in 26 of the 64 unruptured aneurysms, and all underwent neurosurgical clipping or interventional embolization. In aneurysms surgically treated in our hospital, we observed a significant correlation between 4D-CTA findings and surgical evaluation of the aneurysmal wall, in particular the irregular pulsations detected on 4D-CTA have demonstrated to correspond to dark-reddish thinner wall at surgery.

Conclusions
In this proof-of-concept study, 4D-CTA provided real-time, non-invasive preoperative assessments of UIAs comparable to DSA. Moreover, optimal correlation between the irregular pulsation detected by 4D-CTA and the surgical findings support a possible role of this technique to identify aneurysms with a higher risk of rupture.
Identifying key genes for diabetic kidney disease by bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Xu Yushan , Li Lan , Tang Ping , Zhang Jingrong , Zhong Ruxian , Luo Jingmei , Lin Jie , Zhang Lihua 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
There are no reliable molecular targets for early diagnosis and effective treatment in the clinical management of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). To identify novel gene factors underlying the progression of DKD.

Methods
The public transcriptomic datasets of the alloxan-induced DKD model and the streptozotocin-induced DKD model were retrieved to perform an integrative bioinformatic analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) shared by two experimental animal models. The dominant biological processes and pathways associated with DEGs were identified through enrichment analysis. The expression changes of the key DEGs were validated in the classic db/db DKD mouse model.

Results
The downregulated and upregulated genes in DKD models were uncovered from GSE139317 and GSE131221 microarray datasets. Enrichment analysis revealed that metabolic process, extracellular exosomes, and hydrolase activity are shared biological processes and molecular activity is altered in the DEGs. Importantly, Hmgcs2, angptl4, and Slco1a1 displayed a consistent expression pattern across the two DKD models. In the classic db/db DKD mice, Hmgcs2 and angptl4 were also found to be upregulated while Slco1a1 was downregulated in comparison to the control animals.

Conclusions
In summary, we identified the common biological processes and molecular activity being altered in two DKD experimental models, as well as the novel gene factors (Hmgcs2, Angptl4, and Slco1a1) which may be implicated in DKD. Future works are warranted to decipher the biological role of these genes in the pathogenesis of DKD.