bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The management buy‐out arena: differential slip in a tripartite alliance?
Authors: Contardo Ianna , Angwin Duncan 
Published: August 2002

Abstract
The traditional focus on Management Buy‐Outs (MBOs) has been upon concluding deals. However, substantial numbers of MBOs fail to exit and this paper suggests that the time is ripe for attention to be redirected towards post‐deal evolution.
Three phases in the MBO post‐deal process are identified. These are depicted as The Spirit of Optimism, The Zone of Indifference and The Spiral of Mistrust, reflecting, respectively, the moment of contractual agreement, subsequent stagnation and downward slide in performance.
As the MBO evolves through these phases of decline, this study focuses upon the interactions of three main parties: The Management Team, The Venture Capitalists and The Investment Bankers. The key objective is to capture the difficulties accruing to these parties as the MBO declines.
The failures of the three main parties lie in identities, increasing problems of interaction and lack of communication.
By linking micro, meso and macro levels of analysis a novel way of looking at MBOs is suggested which helps to avoid the trap of focusing only upon the moment the deal is done.
Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Issue‐driven strategy formation
Authors: Dale M. W. 
Published: August 2002

Abstract
This paper discusses a process for forming strategy, offering a range of experiences in how the process works in a variety of businesses. The backbone of the process is issue management, which comprises:
Issue recognition—analysis and visioning work to surface and recognize the issues that an organization faces; issue shaping—reducing the list to a manageable number of the most important ones and defining them precisely; issue resolution—identifying possible responses to the important issues, choosing the preferred responses and turning them into strategic action plans.
The paper continues by examining the practice of strategy reviews and the links to budgets. The value of facilitation through the process is discussed together with the benefits of the approach, in particular the strong ownership of the strategy by the business leaders.
Finally, the idea of taking issue management into the management process of the business is explored and a proposition put forward for how to practise strategic management.
Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Roasting effects on fatty acid distributions of triacylglycerols and phospholipids in sesame (Sesamum indicum) seeds
Authors: Yoshida Hiromi , Abe Sayaka , Hirakawa Yuki , Takagi Sachiko 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSesame seeds were roasted at different temperatures (180–220 °C) using a domestic electric oven. The positional distribution of fatty acids in triacylglycerols (TAGs) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) isolated from total lipids in these seeds was investigated as well as the naturally occurring antioxidants that are present. Major lipid components were TAGs and phospholipids (PLs), while steryl esters (SEs), free fatty acids (FFAs) and sn‐1,3‐ and sn‐1,2‐diacylglycerols (DAGs) were minor ones. Following roasting, a significant increase (P < 0.05) was observed in FFAs and in both forms of DAG (primarily sn‐1,3‐DAG). The greatest PL losses (P < 0.05) were observed in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), followed by PC and phosphatidylinositol (PI). On the other hand, the amounts of γ‐tocopherol and sesamin remained at over 80 and 90% respectively of the original levels after roasting at 220 °C. The principal characteristics of the positional distribution of fatty acids were still retained after 25 min of roasting: unsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic and/or oleic, were predominantly concentrated in the sn‐2‐position, and saturated fatty acids, especially stearic and/or palmitic, primarily occupied the sn‐1‐ or sn‐3‐position. The results suggest that unsaturated fatty acids located in the sn‐2‐position are significantly protected from oxidation during roasting at elevated temperatures.© 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
The quality of frozen African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fillets under long‐term storage conditions
Authors: Anelich Lucia E , Hoffman Louw C , Swanepoel Martha J 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe quality of frozen catfish fillets was monitored over a period of 11 months at −20 °C, in two types of packaging materials, namely vacuum packaging (VP) and oxygen‐permeable packaging (OPP). Representative samples (n  = 5) from both types of packaging materials were drawn at random, monthly for the full period of the trial. Samples were pooled and analysed microbiologically using standard methods. Fatty acid analyses of total lipids, neutral lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid fractions as well as sensory evaluation were also conducted every 3 months on the pooled samples. These tests were conducted to determine whether OPP (cheaper option) could be used instead of VP for long‐term superchilling of catfish without detracting from its quality. Low microbiological counts were maintained throughout the trial, ie 4.1 × 104 cfu g−1 (VP) and 8.9 × 104 cfu g−1 (OPP) in the 11th month for aerobic plate count. No significant human pathogens were isolated, with the exception of Aeromonas hydrophila (Stanier). Lipid oxidation, irrespective of packaging, showed no fixed trends during the 11 months of investigation. Also, no significant deviation from sensory characteristics was noted. These results indicate that storing catfish fillets in OPP is a feasible and cheaper option for long‐term freezing.© 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of industrial processing on amino acid content of broccoli
Authors: Murcia M Antonia , López‐Ayerra Beatriz , Martínez‐Tomé Magdalena , García‐Carmona Francisco 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe levels of amino acids in broccoli stems and florets before and after various blanching times (in the case of freezing) and after bottling have been studied to elucidate to what extent nutrient quality is affected by industrial processing. The following amino acids (mg kg−1 fresh weight) were identified by ion exchange chromatography in raw broccoli florets: glutamine (1338), proline (732), asparagine (578), valine (310), arginine (296), isoleucine (204), threonine (169), leucine (166), phenylalanine (159), aspartic acid (140), lysine (127), alanine (122), tyrosine (105), S‐methylcysteine (96), histidine (89), ornithine (59), glutamic acid (44), γ‐aminobutyric acid (31), glycine (11) and serine (0.2). Raw stems contained the same amino acids but at lower levels (p < 0.05). The levels of all these amino acids fell during both industrial processes studied (bottling and freezing after blanching for 60, 90, 120 and 150 s), particularly in the frozen samples (losses of 50–70% in the florets and 20–50% in the stems). In summary, losses of broccoli amino acids were lower if blanching times were kept short. The optimal blanching time at 94 °C for florets and stems intended for freezing was 90 s, and this did not result in any great loss of nutritional value related to amino acid content. Bottled florets had greater nutritional value than those frozen after being exposed to the longest blanching times (120 and 150 s).© 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of separate pod and root zone temperatures on yield and seed composition of three Spanish cultivars of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L)
Authors: Golombek Sabine D , Sultana Adib , Johansen Chris 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe effect of separate pod and root temperature regimes (all four combinations of 28/22 and 40/34 °C day/night temperature), imposed from the time of peg penetration until harvest, on yield and seed composition of three Spanish genotypes of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) was investigated. A decrease in pod temperature from 40/34 to 28/22 °C increased yield and oil, starch and protein mass per plant irrespective of root temperature. Additionally, a reduction in pod temperature decreased protein concentration and increased the sum of oil and starch concentration at a root temperature of 28/22 °C, whereas at a root temperature of 40/34 °C a decrease in pod temperature increased protein concentration. Root temperature reduction diminished oil concentration of genotypes AH 6179 and TMV 2 at a pod temperature of 40/34 °C. A decline in pod temperature affected fatty acid composition through a decrease in palmitic acid irrespective of root temperature and an increase in linoleic acid at a root temperature of 28/22 °C. A root temperature effect on fatty acid composition was not detected. It is concluded that field management practices and choice of genotype can influence groundnut yield and seed composition through effects on pod and root temperature.© 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Role of radiation therapy in the treatment of resectable rectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Mendenhall William M. , Rout W. Robert , Lind D. Scott , Zlotecki Robert A. , Hochwald Steven N. , Schell Scott R. , Copeland Edward M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to review the role of radiation therapy in the treatment of resectable rectal adenocarcinoma. Selection criteria, treatment techniques, and results are discussed. J. Surg. Oncol. 2002;79:107–117. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Significance of postoperative serum thyroglobulin levels in patients with papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas
Authors: Lin Jen‐Der , Huang Miau‐Ju , Hsu Brend Ray‐Sea , Chao Tzu‐Chieh , Hsueh Chuen , Liu Feng‐Hsuan , Liou Miaw‐Jene , Weng Hsiao‐Fen 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAlthough there are many factors that affect postoperative serum levels of thyroglobulin (Tg), such levels have been previously used to detect recurrence of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas. This study was conducted to elucidate the significance of postoperative levels of Tg in patients with clinical presentations of papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular thyroid carcinomas, or both.MethodsTo collect data pertaining to patients with thyroid cancer who were treated in Chang Gung Medical Center in Linkou, Taiwan, records relating to a total of 847 patients with pathologically verified papillary or follicular thyroid cancer, all of whom received total thyroidectomy and thyroid remnant ablation with radioactive iodide (131I), were studied. To evaluate the clinical significance of postoperative levels of Tg, the patients were categorized into three groups based on postoperative Tg level. Group A was classified as those demonstrating a 1‐month postoperative Tg levels less than 1 ng/ml. Group B patients were classified as those displaying a 1‐month postoperative Tg levels greater than or equal to 1 ng/ml, but less than 10 ng/ml. Group C patients were classified as those exhibiting a 1‐month postoperative Tg levels great than or equal to 10 ng/ml.ResultsOf the patients in group A, none presented with distant metastases at the time of diagnosis or during the follow‐up period. In group B, 15 patients (3.5%) died of thyroid cancer. In this group, tumor size was an important factor in cancer‐related mortality, diagnostic clinical class, and follow‐up status. Of the 491 patients in group C, 49 (10.0%) patients died of thyroid cancer. Among the patients in group C, age, histopathologic type, stage of diagnosis, and follow‐up Tg values were important factors. Among groups A, B, and C, there were 161 (95.8%), 253 (76.4%), and 129 (37.1%) patients, respectively, with disease‐free status at the end of 1998.ConclusionsPostoperative serum Tg levels can be used as a prognostic indicator in patients with papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. For patients with Tg levels greater than or equal to 10 ng/ml, Tg levels are a useful marker to predict prognosis. J. Surg. Oncol. 2002;80:45–51. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Risks and benefits of splenectomy in myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia: A retrospective analysis of 26 cases
Authors: Akpek Görgün , Mcaneny David , Weintraub Lewis 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackground and Objectives:To evaluate the outcomes of splenectomy in myelofibrosis and myeloid metaplasia (MMM).Methods:We retrospectively reviewed our records of 26 patients with MMM who underwent an open splenectomy at Boston University Medical Center between 1979 and 1995. Fourteen patients had agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (AMM) and 12 had myelofibrosis with antecedent myeloproliferative disorders (MF). The main indications for splenectomy were progressive transfusion‐dependent anemia, painful splenomegaly, and hypercatabolic symptoms associated with cytopenia.Results:Median time to splenectomy after the diagnosis of MMM was 29 months ranging from 1 to 96 months. Three patients (11%) died within 1 month after the surgery because of sepsis. The most common peri‐ and postoperative complications were pneumonia and other bacterial infections (42%), cardiac events (19%), acute bleeding (15%), ileus (15%), and venous thrombosis (12%). Of the eight surviving patients who underwent splenectomy for transfusion dependent anemia, six (75%) had improvement in their hematocrit levels with abolishment of blood transfusions. A durable symptomatic palliation was achieved in all patients. Liver enlargement was noted in seven patients at 1‐year evaluation. None of these patients developed hepatic failure. Leukemic transformation occurred in 8 of 18 patients (44%) postsplenectomy. The median overall survival for the entire group was 58.5 and 28 months from the diagnosis of MMM and the time of splenectomy, respectively. There was no difference in survival rates between patients with AMM and MF.Conclusions:Splenectomy is an effective palliative procedure with an acceptable morbidity in selected patients with MMM. Progressive transfusion‐dependent anemia should also be considered an indication for splenectomy in the absence of leukemic evolution. J. Surg. Oncol. 2001; 77:42–48. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Management of primary cutaneous melanoma of the head and neck: The University of Colorado experience and a review of the literature
Authors: Gibbs Peter , Robinson William A. , Pearlman Nathan , Raben David , Walsh Patrick , Gonzalez René 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundWhile elective lymph node dissection (ELND), adjuvant radiation therapy and sentinel lymph node biopsy have all been advocated in the routine management of primary cutaneous melanoma arising in the head and neck, the optimal management has not been defined.MethodsWe have reviewed our experience of 273 patients with primary melanoma of the head and neck entered into a prospective database at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center (UCHSC) from 1978 through 1998 and contrasted this with other reports in the literature.ResultsA total of 168 patients were identified that received their initial management at UCHSC and had no clinical evidence of distant disease. Only nine patients (5%) underwent ELND, and no patients received adjuvant radiation therapy. The local recurrence rate and 5‐year melanoma specific survival, according to Breslow thickness, were similar to centers where adjuvant radiation therapy or ELND are routinely performed. Our preliminary experience and a review of the literature suggests that the technique of sentinel lymph node biopsy is an accurate and low risk procedure that provides valuable prognostic information useful in the further management of these patients.ConclusionsThere is no clear indication that either ELND or adjuvant radiation therapy impacts on the outcome of patients with primary melanoma of the head and neck. Sentinel lymph node biopsy, in appropriate cases, is becoming the standard of care. J. Surg. Oncol. 2001;77:179–185. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with end‐stage renal failure
Authors: Cheng Shao‐Bin , Wu Cheng‐Chung , Shu Kuo‐Hsiung , Ho William‐Lin , Chen Jung‐Ta , Yeh Dah‐Cherng , Liu Tse‐Jia , P'eng Fang‐Ku 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesSurgical resection remains the main option for curing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, liver resection in patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) is risky. The aim of this study is to clarify the role of liver resection for treating HCC in patients with ESRD.MethodsA retrospective review was carried out on 468 patients who underwent liver resection for HCC between 1989 and 1999. The clinicopathological characteristics and operative results of 12 patients who had ESRD (ESRD group) were compared with those of the other 456 patients who did not have ESRD (non‐ESRD group). In the ESRD group, heparin‐free hemodialysis using the periodic saline‐rinse method was performed during the perioperative period.ResultsThe ESRD group had lower hemoglobin and a higher serum creatinine levels. Other patient background and tumor pathological characteristics were comparable between the two groups as well. The operative morbidity and mortality between the two groups were also similar. The 5‐year disease‐free survival rates for ESRD and non‐ESRD groups were 35.0 and 34.2% (P = 0.31), respectively, while the 5‐year actuarial survival rates were 67.8 and 53.3% (P = 0.54), respectively.ConclusionWith improving techniques and knowledge of dialysis, liver resection for HCC is justified in selected patients with ESRD. J. Surg. Oncol. 2001;78:241–247. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Understanding urban tourism: London in the early 1990s
Authors: Bull Paul , Church Andrew 
Published: August 2002

AbstractUsing London as an example this paper demonstrates that the idea of tourism as ‘pleasure and recreation’ is wholly inadequate for an understanding of the published evidence on tourism in major cities. In the UK this results directly from the definition adopted by the main statistical sources such that tourists become travellers, irrespective of purpose, who stay overnight at their destination. In so doing the paper highlights two areas for future research, the growing trend in short‐distance tourism and the increasing importance of visiting friends and relatives. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of α‐phenoxypropanoic acids with sodium salt of N‐Chlorobenzene‐sulphonamide: EDTA catalysis
Authors: Meenakshisundaram Subbiah , Selvaraju M 
Published: August 2002

AbstractEDTA smoothly catalyses the oxidation cum chlorination of some 17 α‐phenoxypropanoic acids with sodium salt of N‐chlorobenzenesulphonamide in acidic solution. A ternary intermediate can be envisaged for describing the enhanced reactivity. Imperfections are observed in the linear Hammett relationship in the case of NO2 substituents, irrespective of the position. The susceptibility constant, ρ(≈ + 1) indicates the development of an electron‐rich transition state. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 34: 27–33, 2002
A temperature‐dependent kinetics study of the reaction of O(3PJ) with (CH3)2SO
Authors: Pope F. D. , Nicovich J. M. , Wine P. H. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA laser flash photolysis–resonance fluorescence technique has been employed to investigate the kinetics of the reaction of ground state oxygen atoms, O(3PJ), with (CH3)2SO (dimethylsulfoxide) as a function of temperature (266–383 K) and pressure (20–100 Torr N2). The rate coefficient (kR1) for the O(3PJ) + (CH3)2SO reaction is found to be independent of pressure and to increase with decreasing temperature. The following Arrhenius expression adequately describes the observed temperature dependence: kR1(T) = (1.68 ± 0.76) × 10−12 exp[(445 ± 141)/T] cm3 molecule−1 s−1, where the uncertainties in Arrhenius parameters are 2σ and represent precision only. The absolute accuracy of each measured rate coefficient is estimated to be ±30%, and is limited predominantly by the uncertainties in measured (CH3)2SO concentrations. The observed temperature and pressure dependencies suggest that, as in the case of O(3PJ) reactions with CH3SH and (CH3)2S, reaction occurs by addition of O(3PJ) to the sulfur atom followed by rapid fragmentation of the energized adduct to products. The O(3PJ) + (CH3)2SO reaction is fast enough so that it could be a useful laboratory source of the CH3SO2 radical if this species is produced in significant yield. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 34: 156–161, 2002; DOI 10.1002/kin.10040
Mechanistic modeling of the wall reactions in the pyrolysis of pentachloroethane
Authors: Huybrechts G. , Daniels Y. , Van Assche G. , Van Mele B. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe thermal dehydrochlorination C2HCl5 → C2Cl4 + HCl has been studied in a static system between 565 and 645 K at pressures ranging from 5 to 21 torr. The course of the reaction was followed by measuring the pressure rise in the conditioned quartz reaction vessel and by analyzing the products by gas chromatography. The observed experimental results and data from the literature for flow systems can be explained quantitatively in terms of a radical reaction model involving heterogeneous chain initiation and termination steps. The rate constants have been deduced for reactions of Cl, Cl2, and C2HCl5 over reactor walls covered with a pyrolytic carbon film and for reactions of adsorbed Cl atoms. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 34: 322–330, 2002
Some observations on the kinetics and thermochemistry of the reactions of HO2 radicals with aldehydes and ketones
Authors: Benson S. W. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe rapid, gas phase equilibrium addition of HO2 radicals to CH2O to form the peroxy radical HOCH2OO• is in agreement with the known thermochemistry of these species. The recent study of the similar addition of HO2• to ketones shows no significant reaction, which is again in agreement with known thermochemistry. All these reactions are notable for significant dipole attraction between the reactants ranging from 3 to 7 kcal/mol. The thermochemistry shows that the hydroperoxyl alkoxy species, the primary possible adduct, is not favored by the free energy change for direct addition. This and the observed kinetics favor a concerted addition, H‐atom transfer, as the transition state for the reactions. Kinetic estimates for forward and reverse reactions are in good agreement with observations. A thermochemical examination of the step‐wise addition of HO2• to the carbonyl shows that the reaction proceeds through a concerted, cyclic transition state involving simultaneous H‐transfer, 3 + 2 cyclo‐addition of HO2• to the carbonyl group. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 33: 509–512, 2001
A new mechanism for initiation of free‐radical chain reactions during high‐temperature, homogeneous oxidation of unsaturated hydrocarbons: Ethylene, propyne, and allene
Authors: Wang Hai 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe initiation of free radical chain reactions by singlet carbene biradicals is proposed for homogeneous oxidation of typical unsaturated hydrocarbons, including ethylene, allene, and propyne. The mechanism features the production of singlet vinylidene and methylvinylidene by 1,1‐H2 elimination and 1,2‐H shift, respectively, from ethylene and propyne. The singlet biradicals then react with molecular oxygen to initiate a free‐radical chain process. The analysis used quantum chemistry calculations and detailed modeling of ignition delay times. In all cases tested the carbene pathway was found to dominate the initial radical‐pool production. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 33: 698–706, 2001