bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precursors to Topological Phase Transition in Topological Ladders
Authors: Han Seungju , Choi Mahn-Soo 
Published: November 2023

We study the coupling of two topologcal subsystems in distinct topological states, and show that it leads to a precursor behavior of the topological phase transition in the overall system. This behavior is solely determined by the symmetry classes of the subsystem Hamiltonians and coupling terms, and is marked by the persistent existence of subgap states within the bulk energy gap.
By investigating the critical current of Josephson junctions involving topological superconductors, we also illustrate that such subgap states play crucial roles in physical properties of nanoscale devices or materials.
Application of Deep Learning Methods in Seismic Image Enhancement
Authors: Yeleskina T. , Malikov R. , Karimli J. , Mammadov O. , Asgarov H. , Shafiyev A. , Shahsenov I. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article presents a novel methodology designed to enhance the quality of seismic images through the combination of deep learning algorithms with conventional signal processing and modeling techniques. The algorithms described in this study are designed to operate independently of well data, making them universally applicable across vast datasets. They address the challenges of noise reduction effectively separating geology from disturbances and uncovering geological features by implementing nonlinear enhancements to the frequency spectrum. The primary objectives of this research were the development of two unconventional methodologies, the first aimed at improvement the signal-to-noise ratio and the second at vertical resolution enhancement. The paper also showcases the effectiveness of the devised approach by employing it on real seismic data collected from the South Caspian Basin. A detailed description of the obtained results is provided. The results of this study open up significant potential for improving the accuracy and reliability of seismic exploration procedures in the field of geophysics.
Values of Serum CEA, CA199, CA72-4 and CA125 Levels in Evaluating Lymph Node Metastases in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Nie Shuangfa , Li Lei , Hu Xiaofeng , Wang Tao , Fei Jiandong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between the serum levels of carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199), carbohydrate antigen 72 − 4 (CA72-4), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and lymph node metastases in patients with gastric cancer. 200 gastric cancer patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University were selected to determine the concentrations of serum CEA, CA19-9, CA72-4 and CA125. The levels of serum CEA, CA19-9, CA72-4 and CA125 increased with the number of lymph node metastases. The results showed statistically significant differences in the levels of CEA, CA199 and CA72-4 among groups of N0, N1, N2 and N3 (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the CA125 level among the groups of N0, N1 and N2 (p > 0.05), while the level of CA125 in group N3 was significantly higher than that in the other groups (p < 0.05). Comparing to the N0 group, the positive rates of four tumor markers in the N1 + N2 + N3 group were significantly increased in both single-marker detection and combined detection (p < 0.05). In the N1 + N2 + N3 group, the positive rates of combined detection of two, three and four tumor markers were significantly higher than that of the single-marker detection (p < 0.05). The results of combined detection showed no statistically significant difference between the groups that included CA125 and the groups that only contained other tumor markers (p > 0.05). Combined detection of CEA, CA19-9, CA72-4 and CA125 tumor markers may be of great significance in determining lymph node metastases in gastric cancer. CEA, CA19-9 and CA72-4 may have higher clinical value compared to CA125.
Impact of an integrated health, nutrition, and early child stimulation and responsive care intervention package delivered to preterm or term small for gestational age babies during infancy on growth and neurodevelopment: study protocol of an individually randomized controlled trial in India (Small Babies Trial)
Authors: Chowdhury Ranadip , Manapurath Rukman , Sandøy Ingvild Fossgard , Upadhyay Ravi Prakash , Dhabhai Neeta , Shaikh Saijuddin , Chellani Harish , Choudhary Tarun Shankar , Jain Abhinav , Martines Jose , Strand Tor A , Bhandari Nita , Taneja Sunita 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Preterm and term small for gestational age (SGA) babies are at high risk of experiencing malnutrition and impaired neurodevelopment. Standalone interventions have modest and sometimes inconsistent effects on growth and neurodevelopment in these babies. For greater impact, interventions may be needed in multiple domains - health, nutrition, and psychosocial care and support. Therefore, the combined effects of an integrated intervention package for preterm and term SGA on growth and neurodevelopment are worth investigating.
Methods: An individually randomized controlled trial is being conducted in urban and peri-urban low to middle-socioeconomic neighborhoods in South Delhi, India. Infants are randomized (1:1) into two strata of 1,300 preterm and 1,300 term SGA infants each to receive the intervention package or routine care. Infants will be followed until 12 months of age. Outcome data will be collected by an independent outcome ascertainment team at infant ages 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, and at 2, 6, and 12 months after delivery for mothers.
Discussion: The findings of this study will indicate whether providing interventions that address factors known to limit growth and neurodevelopment can offer substantial benefits to preterm or term SGA infants. The results from this study will increase our understanding of growth and development and guide the design of public health programs in low- and middle-income settings for vulnerable infants.
Trial registration: The trial has been registered prospectively in Clinical Trial Registry – India # CTRI/2021/11/037881, Registered on 08 November 2021
Non-predatory mortality assessment of zooplankton in Magdalena Bay, Mexico, during El Niño 2015.
Authors: Alemany-Rodríguez Emilio Alejandro , Hernández-Trujillo Sergio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

During 2015, monthly zooplankton sampling and measurements of surface temperature (SST), salinity, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll a were conducted. Collections were made during neap tides at four locations between the inner and near the mouth of Magdalena Bay, Mexico. Thirty-three taxonomic groups were identified, and the most abundant taxa were copepods, diplostracans, decapods, ichthyoplankton (fish eggs) and chaetognaths. Zooplankton abundance did not vary significantly over time, but did vary between sampling stations. SST and salinity were significantly correlated with the spatial distribution of organisms. Differences were found between the mortality percentages for the sampling stations and also for the taxonomic groups analyzed (Copepods 18%; Decapods 32%; Chaetognaths 33%), which implies the importance of carrying out mortality determination analyses in ecological studies of zooplankton.
Evaluation of novel radiation protection devices during radiologically guided interventions
Authors: Larsson Maria E V , Jonasson Pernilla I , Apell Petra S , Kearney Peter P , Lundh Charlotta J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: In radiologically guided interventions, medical practitioners are subjected to radiation exposure, which may lead to radiation-induced diseases. In this study, novel radiation shields for the head and neck were evaluated for their potential to reduce radiation exposure.
Method: An anthropomorphic phantom was exposed on its left side to scattered radiation from beneath to simulate the exposure of an operator in a x-ray operating room. Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) were positioned at different depths in five slices in the phantom, measuring personal dose equivalent. Two different set up situations were evaluated: a head protector designed to reduce radiation in the upper section of the head: and a novel thyroid protector prototype extended in the front and on both sides, designed to reduce radiation in the lower and middle sections of the head. A standard thyroid collar prototype and a ceiling mounted lead glass shield were used as comparisons.
Furthermore, the head protector was evaluated in a clinical study in which TLDs were positioned to measure scattered radiation exposure to the heads of operators during endovascular interventions.
Results: The extended thyroid protector reduced the scattered radiation in the throat, chin, and ear slices. Some shielding effect was seen in the brain and skull slices. The head protector showed a shielding effect in the skull slice up to two cm depth where it covered the phantom head. As expected, the ceiling mounted lead glass shield reduced the scattered radiation in all measuring points.
Conclusions: A ceiling mounted lead glass shield is an effective radiation protection for the head, but in clinical practice, optimal positioning of a ceiling mounted lead shield may not always be possible, particularly during complex cases when radiation protection may be most relevant. Added protection using these novel guards may compliment the shielding effect of the ceiling mounted lead shield. The head protector stand-alone did not provide sufficient protection of the head. The extended thyroid protector stand-alone provided sufficient protection in the lower and middle sections of the head and neck.
Bioethanol Production from Sugarcane Bagasse: Optimization Through Response Surface Methodology and Experimental Validation
Authors: Parveen Fouziya , Saxena Ayush , Hussain Akhtar , Muzammil Khursheed , Saeed Mohd , Alabdallah Nadiyah M , Ashfaque Mohammad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Sugarcane bagasse is byproduct of sugarcane juice processing. After juice extraction, each tonne of sugarcane produces 130 kg dry weight of bagasse. The present study attempts to produce microbial bio-ethanol using sugarcane bagasse as substrate. After size reduction and chemical pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse using 1M of NaOH 35.68% of hydrolysis was achieved. Ethanol fermentation was carried out in 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask comprising pretreated SCB (30 g/100 ml) containing beads of 6.5% calcium alginate entrapped cellulase with the supplementation of 10 g/l of yeast extract as a nitrogen source using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. After 24 hours, the fermentation broth's alcohol production began, and it reached maximum after 72 hours. The estimated alcohol concentration was 8.1%, and the productivity was 1.14 ml/l/h. The central composite design (CCD) of response surface method (RSM) was used to estimate the levels of variables pH (5.0), incubation time (72 h), inoculum size (10 ml/l), and substrate concentration (40g/100ml) and the impact of their interactions on ethanol production. The fitted model's validity was assessed, and the F-test was used to control its statistical significance. The model F value was calculated to be 92.362 which imply that the model is significant. The experimental model was validated by the laboratory results.
The neuroinflammation imaging of bifidobacterium and fecal microbiota transplantation: therapeutic effects evaluation in chronic hepatic encephalopathy rats by [18F]PBR146 in-vivo imaging
Authors: Kong Xiang , Wu Shi Yao , Jiang Jing Zhou , Luo Song , Zhang Jun , Yang Gui Fen , Lu Guang Ming , Zhang Long Jiang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Neuroinflammation is an important pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). The radiotracer [18F]PBR146 targeted to translocator protein (TSPO) is been applied for neuroinflammation vivo-imaging. Bifidobacterium (BIF) and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) are promising therapeutic approaches for HE. The purpose of this study was to in vivo monitor and compare BIF and FMT treatment efficiencies on neuroinflammation in chronic HE rats by [18F]PBR146 micro-PET/CT. Bile duct ligation (BDL) operation was performed in male rats to induce chronic HE. Thirty rats were divided into Sham + NS, BDL + NS, BDL + BIF, and BDL + FMT groups. Behavioral assessment, fecal samples collection, and micro-PET/CT scans were performed sequentially after chronic HE model successful established. We analyzed the average %ID/g values of whole brain, brain regions, and main organs in each group rats, and performed biochemical and pathological analysis. The mortality of BDL operated rats was 25% (6/24). The behavior results showed no significant difference among groups except rotarod test result. The plasma IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α levels had no differences among 4 groups except 5-HT and IFN-γ. Although global brain uptake values of [18F]PBR146 had no significant difference among 4 groups (P = 0.053), the regional brain comparison showed that bilateral accumbens, retrosplenial cortex, posterior hippocampus, left striatum, cingulate cortex, right frontal association cortex, antero-dorsal hippocampus had significant differences among groups (all P < 0.05). Sham + NS group was mainly enriched in Parasutterella, Streptococcus, and Anaeroplasma, BDL + FMT group was mainly enriched in Enterococcus, Aestuariispira, Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas, and Globicatella, BDL + BIF group was enriched in Enterorhabdus. The results show that BIF had inhibitory effect to neuroinflammation of BDL rats, while FMT showed no positive effects to chronic HE model rats might because of dysbiosis. [18F]PBR146 could effectively and noninvasively monitor gut-targeted treatment efficacy of chronic HE model.
What is the potential of digital aggregators to support the mental health of children and young people? Findings from a community survey in the UK
Authors: Asmar Marie Line El , Karki Manisha , El-Osta Austen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Mental illness is a major global public health concern. With the doubling of referrals for mental health support in the UK, increased wait times for accessing care, and a rising number of individuals who are unable to secure timely support, online tools offer potential solutions. These tools can empower individuals to understand their symptoms better and offer people on waiting lists access to safe and appropriate support while awaiting professional assistance.
Objective
Investigate the attitudes and perceptions of young adults within the community regarding the necessity and potential efficacy of online resources in supporting mental health and overall wellbeing
Methods
A cross-sectional online survey was conducted to assess community members' attitudes and perceptions regarding using online resources for mental health and wellbeing support. The survey aimed to understand obstacles and motivations influencing the integration of these resources. CYP 16 to 34 in the UK were eligible to participate in the survey that was disseminated via social media and personal contacts.
Results
The study received 614 respondents. After exclusions, data was analysed from 547 participants. The majority of respondents (69.5%) valued mental health support, yet 85.6% experienced poor mental health, with 46.0% seeking professional help and facing waiting lists. While 65.6% were inclined to use online resources, satisfaction varied, and awareness of digital mental aggregators like "Health Place" was low at 3.3%.
Conclusion
The study reveals valuable insights into the attitudes of young adults towards online mental health resources, suggesting that online resources can complement traditional support systems, but improvements in accessibility and the quality of offered resources are needed. Overall, these findings can guide the development of more effective mental health support strategies, particularly for young adults, within the community.
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Strain for the Prediction of Cardiac Outcomes. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Based on Individual Patient Data.
Authors: Korosoglou Grigorios , Sagris Marios , André Florian , Steen Henning , Montenbruck Moritz , Frey Norbert , Kelle Sebastian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND.Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is the gold standard for the diagnostic classification and risk stratification in most patients with cardiac disorders.
PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS.To investigate the ability of Strain-encoded MR (SENC) for the prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). STUDY TYPE Systematic review and meta-analysis according to the PRISMA Guidelines.
POPULATION.Patients with or without cardiovascular disease and asymptomatic individuals. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE Myocardial strain by HARP in 1.5T scanners.
ASSESSMENT.Published literature in MEDLINE (PubMed) and Cochrane’s databases were explored before February 2023 for studies assessing the clinical utility of myocardial strain by Harmonic Phase Magnetic Resonance Imaging (HARP), Strain-encoded MR (SENC) or fast-SENC. In total, 8 clinical trials (4 studies conducted in asymptomatic individuals and 4 in patients with suspected or known cardiac disease) were included in this systematic review, while 3 studies were used for our meta-analysis, based on individual patient level data.
STATISTICAL TESTS. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models were used, testing the ability of myocardial strain by HARP and SENC/fast-SENC for the prediction of MACE. RESULTS Strain enabled risk stratification in asymptomatic individuals, predicting MACE and the development of incident heart failure. Of 1,332 patients who underwent clinically indicated CMR, including SENC or fast-SENC acquisitions, 19 patients died, 28 experienced non-fatal infarctions, 52 underwent coronary revascularization and 86 were hospitalized due to heart failure during 22.4(17.2-28.5) months of follow-up. SENC/fast-SENC, predicted both all-cause mortality and MACE with high accuracy (HR=3.0, (95%CI=1.2-7.6), p=0.02 and HR=4.1, 95%CI=3.0-5.5, respectively, p<0.001). Using hierarchical cox-proportional hazard regression models, SENC/fast-SENC exhibited incremental value to clinical data and conventional CMR markers.
DATA CONCLUSION. Reduced myocardial strain predicts of all-cause mortality and cardiac outcomes in symptomatic patients with a wide range of ischemic or non-ischemic cardiac diseases, whereas in asymptomatic individuals, reduced strain is a precursor of incident heart failure.
‘Nimble peri-urban land purchase transactions’: How marginalised migrants access, hold and trade land
Authors: Bhanye Johannes Itai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
How do marginalised migrants access, hold and trade land for settlement? This ethnographic inquiry based on a case study of Malawian migrants in peri-urban Zimbabwe revealed the practice of ‘Nimble peri-urban land purchase transactions’ - the flexible, informal, and extralegal means through which marginalised migrants secure land in a dynamic peri-urban environment. The study highlights the powerful role played by community leaders, neighbours and fictive kin in authenticating and registering land rights, mediating land disputes, and maintaining spatial orderliness within the community. The informal land transactions closely mimic formal land acquisition practices, demonstrating a sophisticated system underpinning these seemingly informal processes, grounded in local customs and trust-based relationships. Crucially, the study dispels the misconception surrounding the illegality of informal settlements, revealing that ‘Nimble peri-urban land purchase transactions’ constitute a crucial component of land access strategies for marginalised migrants. These transactions not only provide a lifeline to individuals and families seeking a place to call home but also contribute to the overall urbanisation and development of peri-urban areas. Thus, the study emphasises the need for recognising and addressing the informal yet vital aspects of land dynamics in peri-urban contexts.
Coconut dust extract as a pitting corrosion inhibitor for reinforcing steel in concrete in the presence of chlorides
Authors: Cao Nhat Linh , Shevtsov Dmitry Sergeevich , Zartsyn Ilya Davidovitch , Nguyen Van Chi , Nguyen Van Hoa , Nguyen Nhu Hung , Kozaderov Oleg Alexandrovitch 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of coconut dust extract on the pitting corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete via potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and weight loss measurements. Different solvents (water, ethanol, methanol, and acetone) were used for the extraction of coconut dust, in which water indicated the most efficiency due to the highest of flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, saponins, phlobatannins, and anthraquinones contents. Then, the obtained coconut dust extract was tested in two cases: (i) mixing with a water extract obtained from concrete with the addition of 3% NaCl and (ii) adding to the mortar-making process before immersing it in a 3% NaCl solution. In the first case, the highest protection degrees of ~95% (from PDP), ~99% (from EIS), and ~89% (from weight loss) were obtained using the inhibitor concentration of 1.5 g·L–1. In the second case, the protection degree was increased at inhibitor concentrations of ≥ 0.5 g·L–1. The highest protection degree is ~95% (from weight loss) and ~97% (from PDP) at a concentration of 2.0 g·L–1. The findings indicated the high potential of coconut dust extract as a green corrosion inhibitor for the corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete in the presence of chlorides.
College Students’ Epistemic Cognition, Epistemic Emotion, and Engagement: A Mediation Analysis
Authors: Ma Ke , Hui Bei-He 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background:
The college students' engagement has attracted the attention of scholars from various countries because it can impact student’s learning performance, which in turn affects national social development. Epistemic cognition refer to individuals' understanding of the nature of epistemic, sources, and the criteria for its validation. Epistemic emotion, on the other hand, are the emotions experienced by individuals during the process of learning and serve as important factors influencing their learning experiences.
Methods:
This study posits that college students' epistemic cognition indirectly influence theirs’ engagement through epistemic emotion. This study focuses on undergraduate students from physical education in Zhejiang province of China. After excluding invalid questionnaires, a total of 558 valid questionnaires were collected. This study conduct item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and reliability testing for the four scales. Moreover, we tested confirmatory factor analysis and the mediation effects in the proposed models.
Results:
The investigation conducted in this study revealed that college students' epistemic cognition positively influences their positive epistemic emotion and negatively influence their negative epistemic emotion. The mediating effect of student engagement was supported in the relationship between epistemic cognition and positive epistemic emotion, while the mediating effect in the relationship with negative epistemic emotion was not supported.
Conclusions:
More research is needed to explore the potential mediating effects of different variables between college students' epistemic cognitions and student engagement. Considering the current lack of research on the mediating effects of these three variables, future studies could continue to investigate the mediating effects of epistemic cognitions, epistemic emotions, and student engagement.