bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting colonoscopy screening among first‐degree relatives of colorectal cancer patients: A mixed‐method systematic review
Authors: Li Rujin , Li Caixia , Liu Li , Chen Weicong , Bai Yang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundFirst‐degree relatives (FDRs) of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients have a higher risk of developing CRC than the general population. Ensuring that these at‐risk populations receive colonoscopy screening is an effective strategy for reducing the increased risk, but the rates remain low. Colonoscopy screening behavior is influenced by factors at multiple levels. However, most previous reviews failed to review them and their interactions systematically.AimsTo explore factors influencing FDRs' colonoscopy screening behavior according to the ecological model.MethodA mixed‐method systematic review was performed in accordance with The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses (PRISMA) guideline. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using eight bibliographic databases (Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang Data, and China Biology Medicine) for the period from January 1995 to February 2023. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklists were applied to assess studies qualities. A convergent integrated approach was used for data synthesis and integration.ResultsIn total, 24 articles reporting on 23 studies were included. Only one study was rated low quality, and the other 22 studies were rated moderate to high quality. The findings revealed that certain factors and their interactions affected FDRs' colonoscopy screening behaviors according to the ecological model, including misconceptions about CRC and colonoscopy, concerns about the procedure, perceived susceptibility to developing CRC, health motivation, fear of CRC, fatalism, the recommendation from CRC patients, and recommendations from physicians, colonoscopy schedules, cancer taboo, health insurance and cost of colonoscopy.Link evidence to actionFamily communication‐centered multilevel interventions are recommended to promote colonoscopy screening behavior among FDRs of CRC patients.
A meta‐analysis of mindfulness‐based interventions for improving mental health and burden among caregivers of persons living with dementia
Authors: Saragih Ita Daryanti , Batubara Sakti Oktaria , Sharma Sapna , Saragih Ice Septriani , Chou Fan‐Hao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundMindfulness‐based interventions are becoming increasingly popular and are effective in lowering depressive symptoms and caregiver burden. However, the overall efficacy of therapies in stress and anxiety management is unreported, and no study to date has performed a subgroup analysis to investigate the intervention dose response of outcomes.AimsTo quantitatively identify the effectiveness of mindfulness‐based interventions for caregivers of persons living with dementia.MethodsA comprehensive literature search of six databases was undertaken from the date of inception to June 18, 2023. The DerSimonian–Laird model with random effects was used to examine the overall effect and its heterogeneity in the studies. Version 2 of the risk of bias (RoB 2) tool was employed to analyze the publication bias of each randomized study. Funnel and forest plots were created to represent the findings.ResultsThirteen randomized trials were included in the meta‐analysis. Mindfulness‐based interventions significantly reduced stress and anxiety of caregivers of persons living with dementia. In addition, interventions provided for ≥8 weeks were beneficial in reducing depression in caregivers. However, mindfulness‐based interventions did not offer significant benefits in reducing depression or caregiver burden immediately after the intervention.ConclusionMindfulness‐based interventions have the potential to help caregivers of people living with dementia. This study could be used as a model for future research into and implementation of mindfulness‐based therapies for caregivers.Linking Evidence to ActionMindfulness‐based therapies appear to alleviate stress and anxiety but are ineffective in reducing depression and burden in caregivers of persons living with dementia. Well‐designed RCTs with more rigorous methodology and a larger sample size should be conducted to firm the conclusion of the effectiveness of mindfulness‐based interventions for caregivers of persons living with dementia.
On the sensitivity reach of $$\textrm{LQ}$$ production with preferential couplings to third generation fermions at the LHC
Authors: Flórez A. , Jones-Pérez J. , Gurrola A. , Rodriguez C. , Peñuela-Parra J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLeptoquarks ($$\textrm{LQ}$$
LQ
s) are hypothetical particles that appear in various extensions of the Standard Model (SM), that can explain observed differences between SM theory predictions and experimental results. The production of these particles has been widely studied at various experiments, most recently at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), and stringent bounds have been placed on their masses and couplings, assuming the simplest beyond-SM (BSM) hypotheses. However, the limits are significantly weaker for $$\textrm{LQ}$$
LQ
models with family non-universal couplings containing enhanced couplings to third-generation fermions. We present a new study on the production of a $$\textrm{LQ}$$
LQ
at the LHC, with preferential couplings to third-generation fermions, considering proton-proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 13 \, \textrm{TeV}$$

s

=
13

TeV

and $$\sqrt{s} = 13.6 \, \textrm{TeV}$$

s

=
13.6

TeV

. Such a hypothesis is well motivated theoretically and it can explain the recent anomalies in the precision measurements of $$\textrm{B}$$
B
-meson decay rates, specifically the $$R_{D^{(*)}}$$

R

D

(

∗
)

ratios. Under a simplified model where the $$\textrm{LQ}$$
LQ
masses and couplings are free parameters, we focus on cases where the $$\textrm{LQ}$$
LQ
decays to a $$\tau $$
τ
lepton and a $$\textrm{b}$$
b
quark, and study how the results are affected by different assumptions about chiral currents and interference effects with other BSM processes with the same final states, such as diagrams with a heavy vector boson, $$\textrm{Z}^{\prime }$$

Z
′

. The analysis is performed using machine learning techniques, resulting in an increased discovery reach at the LHC, allowing us to probe new physics phase space which addresses the $$\textrm{B}$$
B
-meson anomalies, for $$\textrm{LQ}$$
LQ
masses up to $$5.00\, \textrm{TeV}$$

5.00

TeV

, for the high luminosity LHC scenario.
Using nanokelvin quantum thermometry to detect timelike Unruh effect in a Bose–Einstein condensate
Authors: Tian Zehua , Jing Jiliang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIt is found that the Unruh effect can not only arise out of the entanglement between two sets of modes spanning the left and right Rindler wedges, but also between modes spanning the future and past light cones. Furthermore, an inertial Unruh–DeWitt detector along a spacetime trajectory in one of these cones may exhibit the same thermal response to the vacuum as that of an accelerated detector confined in the Rindler wedge. This feature thus could be an alternative candidate to verify the “Unruh effect”, termed as the timelike Unruh effect correspondingly. In this paper we propose to detect the timelike Unruh effect by using an impurity immersed in a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC). The impurity acts as the detector which interacts with the density fluctuations in the condensate, working as an effective quantum field. Following the paradigm of the emerging field ofquantum thermometry, we combine quantum parameter estimation theory with the theory of open quantum systems to realize a nondemolition Unruh temperature measurement in the nanokelvin ($$\textrm{nK}$$nK) regime. Our results demonstrate that the timelike Unruh effect can be probed using a stationary two-level impurity with time-dependent energy gap immersed in a BEC within current technologies.
Risk Factors for Predicting Mortality and Amputation of Patients with Necrotizing Soft-Tissue Infections: Retrospective Analysis of 111 Cases from a Single Medical Center
Authors: Cen Hanghui , Jin Ronghua , Yin Jun , Wang Xingang 
Published: November 2023

Objective. Necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTIs) are rare clinical infections with surgical emergencies having a high mortality rate. This study aimed to investigate risk factors for mortality and amputation of patients with NSTI. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed critical factors for outcomes of 111 patients with NSTI hospitalized in our department from 1 January 1999 to 31 December 2018. NSTI diagnosis was based on the patient’s clinical characteristics, laboratory risk indicator for necrotizing fasciitis (LRINEC) score, laboratory test data, and microbiological findings in blood and wound culture. The risk factors for mortality and amputation of NSTI were determined using univariate or multivariate logistic regression analysis, receiver operating characteristics (ROC), and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) at 90 days after admission. Results. Diagnosis of 111 patients with NSTI was confirmed according to clinical features, LRINEC score, image data, laboratory findings, and microorganism culture in blood and wounds. The mortality rate was 9.91% (11/111) at day 90 follow-up. High white blood cell (WBC), low hematocrit (HCT), and multiple surgeries were identified to be critical risk factors for NSTI mortality in univariate and multivariate logistic analyses. AUCs, 95% confidence intervals (CI), and

P

values of risk factors were 0.699, 0.54–0.95, and

P
=
0.0117

for high WBC; 0.788, 0.63–0.97, and

P
=
0.0006

for low HCT; and 0.745, 0.59–0.90, and

P
=
0.0018

for multiple surgeries, respectively. These patients also had high LRINEC scores. Amputation occurred in 34.23% (38/111) of patients. Risk factors for amputation were higher age, low hemoglobin (Hb), and multiple wounds. AUCs, 95% confidence intervals (CI), and

P

values were 0.713, 0.11–0.32, and

P
<
0.0001

for higher age; 0.798, 0.08–0.29, and

P
=
0.0007

for low Hb; and 0.757, 0.17–0.34, and

P

<
0.0001

for multiple lesion sites, respectively. Conclusions. High LRINEC scores, high WBC, low HCT, and multiple surgeries were relevant to increased mortality. Higher age, low Hb, and multiple wounds were associated with amputation risk. These clinical features must be paid attention to when patients are diagnosed with NSTI.
Multicenter, Phase 2, Randomized Controlled Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Etripamil Nasal Spray for the Acute Reduction of Rapid Ventricular Rate in Patients With Symptomatic Atrial Fibrillation (ReVeRA-201)
Authors: Camm A. John , Piccini Jonathan P. , Alings Marco , Dorian Paul , Gosselin Gilbert , Guertin Marie-Claude , Ip James E. , Kowey Peter R. , Mondésert Blandine , Prins Fransisco J. , Roux Jean-Francois , Stambler Bruce S. , van Eck JWM , Al Windy Nadea , Thermil Nathalie , Shardonofsky Silvia , Bharucha David B. , Roy Denis 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:
Despite chronic therapies, atrial fibrillation (AF) leads to rapid ventricular rates (RVR) often requiring intravenous treatments. Etripamil is a fast-acting, calcium-channel blocker administered intranasally affecting the atrioventricular node within minutes.

METHODS:
Reduction of Ventricular Rate in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation evaluated the efficacy and safety of etripamil for the reduction of ventricular rate (VR) in patients presenting urgently with AF-RVR (VR ≥110 beats per minute [bpm]), was randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and conducted in Canada and the Netherlands. Patients presenting urgently with AF-RVR were randomized (1:1, etripamil nasal spray 70 mg: placebo nasal spray). The primary objective was to demonstrate the effectiveness of etripamil in reducing VR in AF-RVR within 60 minutes of treatment. Secondary objectives assessed achievement of VR <100 bpm, reduction by ≥10% and ≥20%, relief of symptoms and treatment effectiveness; adverse events; and additional measures to 360 minutes.

RESULTS:

Sixty-nine patients were randomized, 56 dosed with etripamil (n=27) or placebo (n=29). The median age was 65 years; 39% were female patients; proportions of AF types were similar between groups. The difference of mean maximum reductions in VR over 60 minutes, etripamil versus placebo, adjusting for baseline VR, was −29.91 bpm (95% CI, −40.31 to −19.52;
P
<0.0001). VR reductions persisted up to 150 minutes. Significantly greater proportions of patients receiving etripamil achieved VR reductions <100 bpm (with longer median duration <100 bpm), or VR reduction by ≥10% or ≥20%, versus placebo. VR reduction ≥20% occurred in 66.7% of patients in the etripamil arm and no patients in placebo. Using the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication-9, there was significant improvement in satisfaction on symptom relief and treatment effectiveness with etripamil versus placebo. Serious adverse events were rare; 1 patient in the etripamil arm experienced transient severe bradycardia and syncope, assessed as due to hypervagotonia.

CONCLUSIONS:
Intranasal etripamil 70 mg reduced VR and improved symptom relief and treatment satisfaction. These data support further development of self-administered etripamil for the treatment of AF-RVR.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique Identifier: NCT04467905
Looking at a Painting: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Authors: Starr Rachel A. , Smith Jonathan A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This research explores the experience of looking at art, specifically that of viewing a single painting. Five participants each selected a previously unseen painting from a selection provided and were interviewed about their experiences as they viewed it. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to explore the idiographic detail of the resulting interviews. Personal Experiential Themes (PETs) were developed independently for each participant and these individual cases were subsequently compared to form a structure of Group Experiential Themes (GETs). Three GETs, Elements of Engagement, Deeper Exploration and Vulnerability and Intimacy resulted. These themes represented in turn, early interactions, subsequent more considered imaginative and interpretative engagements, and the feelings evoked by encountering emotive content or questioning the voracity of one’s reactions. The first GET is reported in detail here and recounts viewers’ initial engagements with their chosen painting such as their experiences of first noticing’s, their curiosities, and the formation of early impressions. The viewers’ accounts of engagement involved senses of dynamism and sometimes physical force shaping the relationship between themselves and the painting. Three subthemes, Groping Out, Attracting Attention and Drawing In, detail the different experiential qualities of these engagements.
The Narrative Experience of Palestinian Minority Writers in Israel: The Case of Suhayl Kīwān
Authors: Hebi Fiad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The current study identifies the most important stages of Suhayl Kīwān’s narrative experience by adopting an applied semiotic model made up of three stages. These three stages categorize the narrative experience of Palestinian minority writers in Israel. The beginning stage demonstrates the period in which writers are still conforming to the normative foundations of local writing styles and themes. Writers at this stage often avoid taking literary risks that might jeopardize the public approval of their texts. The second is the transitional stage wherein writers expand their use of literary forms, styles, and techniques and begin to take literary risks that somewhat distinguish them in the world of Arabic literature. The third and final stage is the maturity stage in which writers demonstrate that they have achieved their independent creative identity by uniquely excelling in one or more literary forms, styles, or techniques. The current study traces these stages by taking Suhayl Kīwān as a case that exemplifies the narrative experience of Palestinian minority writers in Israel. It further shows how satirical writing plays a significant role in constructing the independent creative identity of Palestinian minority writers.
Neolithic and Early Iron Age Settlements of Mount Kilimanjaro’s Southern Slopes
Authors: Chami Felix A. , Silayo Valence Valerian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Some received theories argue that the modern Chagga people of Mount Kilimanjaro are recent immigrants; however the findings assembled here suggest otherwise. Archaeological surveys and excavations conducted on the southern slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro have revealed sites of the Early Iron Age (E.I.A.) and the Neolithic period. Thus archaeological analyses demonstrate that the Chagga, as Bantu speakers, are of cultural and genetic affiliation to E.I.A. and the Neolithic people, as has been found in many other parts of East Africa. The ceramic findings detailed here indicate that modern Chagga people living on these sites share a cultural continuity and genetic affinity with human settlements on Kilimanjaro established in prehistory.
Geographic Analysis of the Vulnerability of U.S. Lakes to Cyanobacterial Blooms under Future Climate
Authors: Butcher Jonathan B. , Fernandez Mark , Johnson Thomas E. , Shabani Afshin , Lee Sylvia S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Cyanobacteria blooms are an increasing concern in U.S. freshwaters. Such blooms can produce nuisance conditions, deplete oxygen, and alter the food chain, and in some cases they may produce potent toxins, although many factors may modulate the relationships between biomass and toxin production. Cyanobacterial blooms are in turn associated with nutrient enrichment and warm water temperatures. Climate change is expected to increase water temperatures and, in many areas, surface runoff that can transport nutrient loads to lakes. While some progress has been made in short-term prediction of cyanobacterial bloom and toxin risk, the long-term projections of which lakes will become more vulnerable to such events as a result of climate change is less clear because of the complex interaction of multiple factors that affect bloom probability. We address this question by reviewing the literature to identify risk factors that increase lake vulnerability to cyanobacterial blooms and evaluating how climate change may alter these factors across the sample of conterminous U.S. lakes contained in the 2007 National Lakes Assessment. Results provide a national-scale assessment of where and in which types of lakes climate change will likely increase the overall risk of cyanobacterial blooms, rather than finer-scale prediction of expected cyanobacterial and toxin levels in individual lakes. This information can be used to guide climate change adaptation planning, including monitoring and management efforts to minimize the effects of increased cyanobacterial prevalence.

Significance Statement
Cyanobacteria blooms and associated algal toxins are an increasing problem in U.S. freshwater lakes and reservoirs. Climate change may further increase bloom frequency and severity. We survey the literature on relationships between bloom formation and climate. These relationships are combined with projections of future climate and lake response to develop indices of where and in what types of lakes such blooms are most likely to increase relative to current conditions. The results can help to focus monitoring and management measures to mitigate potential impacts on human health, wildlife, and aquatic biota.
Investigation of the effectiveness of top-down natural ventilation of a poultry building in a hot-summer mediterranean climate
Authors: Fezai Mariem , Tashtoush Bourhan , Ghoulem Marouen , Elmoueddeb Khaled , Elakhdar Mouna 
Published: November 2023

In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to examine the efficiency of ventilation and airflow patterns in a multi-level layer hen house. The utilization of windcatchers as a natural ventilation system was the main area of focus. By comparing CFD simulations with experimental data using ANSYS Fluent, the results were validated. The findings showed good agreement in airflow velocity within the windcatchers and throughout the entire building between the CFD calculations and the experimental tests, resulting in uniform airflow distribution and the absence of turbulence in the area where the chickens were kept. This setup provided the layer hens with an acceptable level of comfort by maintaining a consistent and steady temperature profile. The windcatcher-based model demonstrated better temperature uniformity than mechanical window ventilation. The study also emphasized the importance of maintaining appropriate humidity levels throughout the building to ensure the comfort and productivity of layer hens. The advantages of the windcatcher-based system in terms of temperature distribution and airflow control were highlighted by comparison with an alternative ventilation model. These results underscore the importance of using natural ventilation systems, such as windcatchers, to create optimal ventilation conditions and provide layer hens with a comfortable and productive environment (resulting in a temperature reduction from 29°C to 19.85°C with a low and uniform air velocity ranging from 0 m/s to 0.7 m/s at cage level). Practical application An effective and eco-friendly approach to enhance animal health and productivity in poultry farms is to install a natural ventilation system with wind collectors. This setup creates optimal conditions for the animals by improving air quality, regulating temperature, and fine-tuning ventilation. Additionally, it promotes overall sustainability in poultry facilities by lowering energy costs and advocating for environmentally friendly management, aligning agricultural practices with stringent environmental standards.
An Evaluation of Online Training on Pre-service Special Education Teachers’ Case Application of Visual Schedules for Individuals With Intellectual and Developmental Disability in China
Authors: Liang Zhigao , Zuo Juanjuan , Lee David 
Published: November 2023

Multiple evidence-based practices (EBPs) were identified in education, but relatively little attention has been paid to implementation. Special education teachers in the Chinese mainland faced great challenges in terms of a lack of knowledge and skills regarding EBPs. Asynchronous online training has been successfully provided for pre-service professionals on instructional methods or strategies. The present study evaluated the effects of self-paced online training on pre-service special education teachers’ case application of visual schedules to support individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. A pre/post-test control group design was utilized. Seventy-seven undergraduate students (mean age 20.5 years) who majored in special education participated in this study. Results indicated that the self-paced online training was effective in improving pre-service special education teachers’ case application of the visual schedules strategy. In addition, participants were in agreement on the social acceptability of the online module of visual schedules. The results are discussed from a perspective of effective and socially valid online training, along with limitations and future implications.