bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of proton pump inhibitor‐resistant severe reflux esophagitis and efficacy of vonoprazan in elderly (older than 75 years) and non‐elderly groups
Authors: Hoshino Shintaro , Momma Eri , Motomiya Rina , Tanabe Tomohide , Koeda Mai , Hoshikawa Yoshimasa , Kawami Noriyuki , Iwakiri Katsuhiko 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimPrevious studies on age differences in proton pump inhibitor (PPI)‐resistant reflux esophagitis (RE) have found that stenosis and bleeding complications were significantly more common in the elderly than in the non‐elderly. We sought to examine differences between two groups of elderly (75 years or older) and non‐elderly (<75 years) patients with (PPI)‐resistant severe RE and also the efficacy of vonoprazan (VPZ) in these patients.MethodsThere were 14 patients in the elderly group and 15 in the non‐elderly group. Information was obtained on patient background (sex, body mass index [BMI], gastric mucosal atrophy, and the presence of hernia and collagen disease), and all patients underwent the saliva secretion test and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). The saliva secretion test (amount of saliva secreted, salivary pH, and the acid‐buffering capacity) was performed by chewing sugar‐free gum for 3 min before EGD. The efficacy of VPZ in both groups was also assessed.ResultsSaliva secretion, sex, BMI, and the presence of gastric mucosal atrophy did not significantly differ between the two groups. The number of hernias larger than 4 cm was significantly higher in the elderly PPI‐resistant group, and significantly more patients had collagen disease in the non‐elderly group. The efficacy of VPZ was not significantly different between the two groups; however, 10 patients in the non‐elderly group had collagen disease, and 4 did not achieve esophageal mucosal healing even with VPZ 20 mg.ConclusionThe number of large hernias (>4 cm) was significantly higher in the elderly group, while significantly more non‐elderly patients had collagen disease. In the non‐elderly group with scleroderma, the efficacy of VPZ 20 mg may not be sufficient.
Correlation between anxiety and decreased quality of life in patients with non‐esophageal eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases
Authors: Tanaka Fumio , Kanamori Atsushi , Sawada Akinari , Ominami Masaki , Nadatani Yuji , Fukunaga Shusei , Otani Koji , Hosomi Shuhei , Kamata Noriko , Nagami Yasuaki , Taira Koichi , Fujiwara Yasuhiro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimMental status such as anxiety and depression in patients with non‐esophageal eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (non‐EoE EGIDs) has not been studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether patients with non‐EoE EGIDs had mental disorders and decreased mental‐health‐related quality of life (QOL) similar to those in patients with disorders of gut–brain interaction (DGBI).MethodsWe enrolled patients with non‐EoE EGIDs and DGBI visiting the Osaka Metropolitan University Hospital, and the measures listed below were compared between the groups. We collected data using the following questionnaires: hospital anxiety and depression scale, and short form (SF)‐8 including mental component summary (MCS)‐8.ResultsWe evaluated 21 and 17 patients with non‐EoE EGIDs and DGBI, respectively. The anxiety score was not significantly different between the groups. The proportion of patients with possible anxiety was not significantly different between the groups (19.0% vs 33.3%). These results show that patients with non‐EoE EGIDs had anxiety that might be equivalent to that of patients with DGBI. The depression score and proportion of patients with possible depression in the non‐EoE EGID group tended to be lower than those in the DGBI group. MCS‐8 scores were not significantly different between the non‐EoE EGID and DGBI groups, which might imply an equivalent decrease in mental‐health‐related QOL in both groups of patients. In patients with non‐EoE EGIDs, the anxiety score had a significant inverse association with the MCS‐8 score.ConclusionsPatients with non‐EoE EGIDs may have anxiety that correlates with decreased mental‐health‐related QOL.
Comparison of postoperative outcomes in cases achieving sustained virological response with direct‐acting antiviral and interferon therapy
Authors: Hashimoto Masakazu , Kobayashi Tsuyoshi , Ohira Masahiro , Okimoto Sho , Abe Tomoyuki , Inoue Masashi , Onoe Takashi , Honmyo Naruhiko , Kuroda Shintaro , Ohdan Hideki 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground/PurposeThe effect of direct‐acting antiviral agents (DAAs) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after curative hepatectomy remains uncertain. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effect of sustained virological response (SVR) with DAAs or interferon (IFN) therapy on recurrence and overall survival (OS) after hepatectomy.MethodsWe enrolled 593 patients who underwent curative resections between January 2010 and December 2017. Among them, 186 achieved SVR before hepatectomy: a total of 51 (27.4%) in the DAA‐SVR group and 132 (72.6%) in the IFN‐based SVR group.ResultsSVR before hepatectomy was an independent predictor of OS, and the 5‐year OS rate was significantly higher in the SVR group than that in the non‐SVR group (82.2% vs. 63.9%). There were no significant differences in the recurrence rates or OS between DAA and IFN treatments in achieving SVR before hepatectomy, regardless of poor hepatic function in the DAA therapy group.ConclusionsThere was no significant difference in OS and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) between the preoperative SVR achieved with DAA and IFN groups in this study, although liver function was significantly worse at the time of surgery in the DAA group compared to the IFN group.
Role of aurone ligands in microwave enhanced Mn (II) and Co (II) catalyzed dehydrogenative coupling reaction: An efficient ligand for the synthesis of quinoline, pyridine, and pyrrole
Authors: Mishra Shachi , Prakash Chandan , Tripathi Bhartendu Pati 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe role of new series of phosphine‐free aurone ligands have been investigated in microwave‐enhanced Mn (II) and Co (II) dehydrogenative coupling reactions. Various heterocyclic compounds such as Quinoline, pyridine, and pyrrole have been synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The synthesized ligands (L1–L4) with Mn(II) and Co (II) salt showed excellent catalytic activity and proved to be very effective for the dehydrogenative coupling reaction. This synthetic method involves the in‐situ formation of a metal ligand complex that was analyzed by mass spectrometry. A broad range of substrates including aliphatic ketone, heterocycles, and sterically hindered Ketone coupling partners are well tolerated in the developed protocol.
Clinical utility of quantitative immunoassays and surrogate virus neutralization tests for predicting neutralizing activity against the SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants
Authors: Lee Beomki , Ko Jae‐Hoon , Kim Yong Chan , Baek Jin Yang , Park Yoon Soo , Song Kyoung‐Ho , Kim Eu Suk , Lee Kyoung Hwa , Song Young Goo , Ahn Jin Young , Choi Jun Yong , Choi Won Suk , Bae Seongman , Kim Sung‐Han , Jeong Hye Won , Lee Young Jae , Kim Hye‐Jin , Choi Ju‐Yeon , Kim Byoungguk , Kim Shin‐Woo , Kwon Ki Tae , Peck Kyong Ran , Kang Eun‐Suk 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDeveloping new antibody assays for emerging SARS‐CoV‐2 variants is challenging. SARS‐CoV‐2 surrogate virus neutralization tests (sVNT) targeting Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 have been devised, but their performance needs to be validated in comparison with quantitative immunoassays. First, using 1749 PRNT‐positive sera, we noticed that log‐transformed optical density (OD) ratio of wild‐type (WT) sVNT exhibited better titer‐correlation with plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) than % inhibition value. Second, we tried 798 dilutional titration tests with 103 sera, but nonlinear correlation between OD ratio and antibody concentration limited titration of sVNT. Third, the titer‐correlations of two sVNT kits for BA.1 and two quantitative immunoassays for WT were evaluated with BA.1 and BA.5 PRNT. All tested kits exhibited a linear correlation with PRNT titers, but the sVNT kits exhibited high false‐negative rates (cPass‐BA.1 kit, 45.4% for BA.1 and 44.2% for BA.5; STANDARD F‐BA.1 kit, 1.9% for BA.1 and 2.2% for BA.5), while quantitative immunoassays showed 100% sensitivity. Linear mixed‐effects model suggested superior titer‐correlation with PRNT for quantitative immunoassays compared to sVNT kits. Taken together, the use of quantitative immunoassays for WT, rather than rapid development of new kits, would be practical for predicting neutralizing activities against emerging new variants.
Semi‐natural habitats benefit maintaining the spider diversity in subtropical agroecosystems
Authors: Geng Xuewei , Lin Yucheng , He Yiting , Liao Jing , Ran Jianghong , Zhang Pei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLand use change has caused the loss of agricultural biodiversity. As major natural enemies of pests in agroecosystems, spiders have important ecological functions in improving agricultural productivity and thus deserve attention. However, few studies have considered their responses to land use changes. Here, we investigated the structure and diversity of the spider community in four land use types, that is, fallow land, woodland, orchard, and cropland in Pengzhou City, China. The differences in species richness, total abundance, community composition, and spider abundances with three foraging strategies and their correlations with environmental factors and agricultural intensity were compared between land use types. The results showed that the total abundance of spiders in fallow land was 71%, 157%, and 214% higher than that in orchard, cropland, and woodland, respectively. Similarly, fallow land maintained the highest species richness. Shannon–Wiener index, community structure heterogeneity, and number of spider species sampled in a single land use type were highest in woodland. Further, spiders with different foraging strategies showed distinctive responses to environmental factors and agricultural practices. The diversity of hunters was negatively correlated with the intensity of agricultural practices and canopy density, while web‐builders were positively correlated with canopy density. The diversity of burrowers was positively correlated with the vertical complexity of vegetation structure. Our study emphasizes the vital role of semi‐natural habitats, like fallow land and woodland, in maintaining spider diversity, and suggests optimizing land uses to provide wide‐open spaces and mitigate the effects of intensified agricultural activities for natural enemies of pests in agriculture.
Using unmanned aerial vehicle multispectral data for monitoring the outcomes of ecological restoration in mining areas
Authors: Chen Zanxu , Hou Huping , Zhang Shaoliang , Campbell Tristan , Yang Yongjun , Tu Mu , Yuan Yang , Dixon Kingsley W. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe effective and efficient monitoring of revegetation outcomes is a key component of ecosystem restoration. Monitoring often involves labor‐intensive manual methods, which are difficult to deploy when sites are inaccessible or involve large areas of revegetation. This study aimed to identify plant species and quantify α‐diversity index on a sub‐meter scale at Manlailiang Mine Site in Northwestern China using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as a means to semiautomate large‐scale vegetation monitoring. UAVs equipped with multispectral sensors were combined with three industry‐standard supervised classification algorithms (support vector machine [SVM], maximum likelihood, and artificial neural network) to classify plant species. Spectral vegetation indices (normalized difference vegetation index [NDVI], difference vegetation index [DVI], visible‐band difference vegetation index, soil‐adjusted vegetation index, modified soil‐adjusted vegetation index, and excess green–excess red) were used to assess vegetation diversity obtained from on‐ground survey plot data (the Margalef, Pielou, Simpson, and Shannon–Wiener indices). Our results showed that SVM outperformed other algorithms in species identification accuracy (overall accuracy of 84%). Significant relationships were observed between vegetation indices and diversity indices, with the DVI performing significantly better than many more commonly used indices such as the NDVI. The findings highlight the potential of combining UAV multispectral data, spectral vegetation indices and ground surveys for effective and efficient fine‐scale monitoring of vegetation diversity in the ecological restoration of mining areas. This has significant practical benefits for improving adaptive management of restoration through improved monitoring tools.
Ultracompact Metasurface for Simultaneous Detection of Polarization State and Orbital Angular Momentum
Authors: Zhang Yaxin , Jin Jinjin , Pu Mingbo , Guo Yinghui , He Qiong , Zhang Runze , Zhang Fei , Li Xiong , Ma Xiaoliang , Luo Xiangang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the field of optical communications and quantum informatics, polarization and orbital angular momentum (OAM) offer a promising way to expand the dimension of information. However, detecting the polarization state and topological charge of the OAM beam on‐chip way can be challenging. To address this, an ultracompact metasurface is proposed and demonstrated. The metasurface is composed of six polarization‐sensitive metalenses that occupy 60°annular sectors each and are capable of simultaneous polarization state and orbital angular momentum detection. The metasurface focuses the coaxial polarized vortex beam into six locations, and the foci displacement is related to the value of the topological charge. The corresponding polarization state can be obtained through the reconstructed Stokes parameter using the six focus light intensities. For proof‐of‐concept, an ultracompact metasurface operating at a wavelength of 1064 nm is fabricated, which exhibits exceptional polarization and orbital angular momentum recognition ability. The proposed metasurface possesses the merits of ultra‐compact size and simultaneously entire polarization state and orbital angular momentum identification capability, which may encourage the development of on‐chip optical communication systems.
Predictors of Survival in Friedreich's Ataxia: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Indelicato Elisabetta , Reetz Kathrin , Maier Sarah , Nachbauer Wolfgang , Amprosi Matthias , Giunti Paola , Mariotti Caterina , Durr Alexandra , de Rivera Garrido Francisco J.R. , Klopstock Thomas , Schöls Ludger , Klockgether Thomas , Bürk Katrin , Pandolfo Massimo , Didszun Claire , Grobe‐Einsler Marcus , Nanetti Lorenzo , Nenning Lukas , Kiechl Stefan , Dichtl Wolfgang , Ulmer Hanno , Schulz Jörg B. , Boesch Sylvia ,   the European Friedreich's Ataxia Consortium for Translational Studies (EFACTS)
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundFriedreich's ataxia (FA) is a rare multisystemic disorder which can cause premature death.ObjectivesTo investigate predictors of survival in FA.MethodsWithin a prospective registry established by the European Friedreich's Ataxia Consortium for Translational Studies (EFACTS; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02069509) we enrolled genetically confirmed FA patients at 11 tertiary centers and followed them in yearly intervals. We investigated overall survival applying the Kaplan–Meier method, life tables, and log‐rank test. We explored prognostic factors applying Cox proportional hazards regression and subsequently built a risk score which was assessed for discrimination and calibration performance.ResultsBetween September 2010 and March 2017, we enrolled 631 FA patients. Median age at inclusion was 31 (range, 6–76) years. Until December 2022, 44 patients died and 119 terminated the study for other reasons. The 10‐year cumulative survival rate was 87%. In a multivariable analysis, the disability stage (hazard ratio [HR] 1.51, 95% CI 1.08–2.12, P = 0.02), history of arrhythmic disorder (HR 2.93, 95% CI 1.34–6.39, P = 0.007), and diabetes mellitus (HR 2.31, 95% CI 1.05–5.10, P = 0.04) were independent predictors of survival. GAA repeat lengths did not improve the survival model. A risk score built on the previously described factors plus the presence of left ventricular systolic dysfunction at echocardiography enabled identification of four trajectories to prognosticate up to 10‐year survival (log‐rank test P < 0.001).ConclusionsArrhythmias, progressive neurological disability, and diabetes mellitus influence the overall survival in FA. We built a survival prognostic score which identifies patients meriting closer surveillance and who may benefit from early invasive cardiac monitoring and therapy. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
The Hypoxia Response Pathway: A Potential Intervention Target in Parkinson's Disease?
Authors: Janssen Daalen Jules M. , Koopman Werner J.H. , Saris Christiaan G.J. , Meinders Marjan J. , Thijssen Dick H.J. , Bloem Bastiaan R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder for which only symptomatic treatments are available. Both preclinical and clinical studies suggest that moderate hypoxia induces evolutionarily conserved adaptive mechanisms that enhance neuronal viability and survival. Therefore, targeting the hypoxia response pathway might provide neuroprotection by ameliorating the deleterious effects of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, which underlie neurodegeneration in PD. Here, we review experimental studies regarding the link between PD pathophysiology and neurophysiological adaptations to hypoxia. We highlight the mechanistic differences between the rescuing effects of chronic hypoxia in neurodegeneration and short‐term moderate hypoxia to improve neuronal resilience, termed “hypoxic conditioning”. Moreover, we interpret these preclinical observations regarding the pharmacological targeting of the hypoxia response pathway. Finally, we discuss controversies with respect to the differential effects of hypoxia response pathway activation across the PD spectrum, as well as intervention dosing in hypoxic conditioning and potential harmful effects of such interventions. We recommend that initial clinical studies in PD should focus on the safety, physiological responses, and mechanisms of hypoxic conditioning, as well as on repurposing of existing pharmacological compounds. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Global trends in psycho‐oncology research investments 2016–2020: A content analysis
Authors: Conti Isabella , Davidson Mitchell , Cutress Ramsey I. , McIntosh Stuart A. , Head Michael G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveAn estimated one‐third of cancer patients experience a clinically significant psychological disorder, however it is unclear to what extent this is reflected in research funding. To address this a systematic analysis the allocation of psycho‐oncology research funding globally between 2016 and 2020 was conducted.MethodsA global dataset of 66,388 cancer research awards, from 2016 to 2020 inclusive and totalling $24.5 billion USD was assembled from public and philanthropic funders. Each award was previously categorised by cancer site type and research theme, including psychosocial research and these awards were further sub‐categorised for this analysis.ResultsThere was $523m of funding awarded for psychological research across 1122 studies: 2.14% of all cancer research funding during this period ($24.5 billion). Median funding per award was $97,473 (IQR $36,864 – $453,051). Within psychological research, mental health received most funding ($174m, 33.5% of psychological funding). Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) focused research was the specific psychological support with the highest proportion of funding at $14 million. By country of funder, the USA provided most investment ($375.5 m, 71.8%).ConclusionsPsycho‐oncology research received relatively little funding, for example, when compared with pre‐clinical cancer research. There needs to be a shift from pre‐clinical science to research that benefits cancer patients in the shorter‐term. Low‐ and middle‐income countries, and ethnic minorities in higher‐income settings, were underrepresented despite having a large cancer burden, indicating inequities that need to be addressed.
A closer look to the bispericyclic transition structure leading to 4 + 2 and 2 + 4 cycloadducts in the endo dimerization of cyclopentadiene
Authors: Sánchez‐Márquez Jesús , Morales‐Bayuelo Alejandro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis work delves into the study presented by Caramella and co‐workers (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 7) on the cyclopentadiene dimerization. We have reperformed the calculations of this work using updated methodologies, obtaining the structures of the reactants and transition states, as well as new energy profiles. Additionally, we have obtained new insights that were not included in the previous work, such as bond structures from NBO analysis, QTAIM theory, and spin density. Reactivity indices of the principal NBOs responsible for the reaction have also been obtained using a recently developed model based on conceptual DFT and Sanderson's principle of electronegativity equalization and the new results obtained have allowed us to propose reaction mechanisms that satisfactorily justify all reaction stages. This work is a study of the mechanism of the cyclopentadiene dimerization reaction, but it is also an example of applying the new model for calculating reactivity indices for NBOs. Additionally, it demonstrates the combined use of these descriptors with other types of analyses that also employ NBOs or provide a description of the molecular bonding structure. As shown in this work, the collective use of all these methodologies generally provides an adequate description of the chemical reactivity of the studied processes.
Integral passivity‐based control of underactuated mechanical systems with state‐dependent matched disturbances
Authors: Franco Enrico , Arpenti Pierluigi , Donaire Alejandro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis work investigates the energy shaping control of a class of underactuated mechanical systems subject to state‐dependent linearly parameterized matched disturbances. To this end, a new integral interconnection and damping‐assignment passivity‐based design is proposed. The controller design is developed for systems subject to either momenta‐dependent disturbances or position‐dependent disturbances or to both simultaneously. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated with numerical simulations on three examples: an Acrobot system with nonlinear friction; a ball‐on‐beam system with constant and position‐dependent disturbances; a disk‐on‐disk system with a complete set of state‐dependent disturbances. In all examples, the proposed controller shows better performance compared to previous implementations.