bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting discharge coefficient of weir–orifice in closed conduit using a neuro-fuzzy model improved by multi-phase PSOGSA
Authors: Adnan Rana Muhammad , Khosravinia Payam , Kisi Ozgur , Nikpour Mohammad Reza , Dai Hong-Liang , Osmani Mazyar , Ghazaei Seyyede Aniseh 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the viability of a strong algorithm (PSOGSA) merging particle swarm optimization (PSO) and gravity search algorithm (GSA) in tuning adaptive neuro-fuzzy system (ANFIS) parameters for modeling dimensionless experimental discharge of combined weir–orifices. The results are compared with the standard ANFIS and two hybrid models ANFIS tuned with PSO and GSA. The models are assessed by applying several dimensionless input parameters, consistingh/D(the ratio of upstream water depth to channel diameter),W/D(the ratio of orifice opening height to channel diameter),H/D(the ratio of plate height to channel diameter) and using comparison indices such as root-mean-square error and mean absolute error. The outcomes reveal that the new ANFIS-PSOGSA method provides superior accuracy in modeling dimensionless experimental discharge over the ANFIS-PSO, ANFIS-GSA and standard ANFIS method. Among the input parameters, the h/D was found to be the most effective input on modeling dimensionless experimental discharge while involving theH/Dparameter deteriorated the models’ performances. The relative root-mean-square error differences between ANFIS-PSOGSA and ANFIS are found as 50% and 68.29% for pipe A and B, respectively. By implementing the ANFIS-PSOGSA, the accuracy of ANFIS-PSO and ANFIS-GSA is also improved in modeling dimensionless experimental discharge by 45.71% and 29.63% in pipe A and by 63.89% and 45.83% in pipe B with respect to root-mean-square error.
Development and validation of a respiratory syncytial virus multiplex immunoassay
Authors: Marsall Patrick , Fandrich Madeleine , Griesbaum Johanna , Harries Manuela , Lange Berit ,   RESPINOW Study Consortium, Ascough Stephanie , Dayananda Pete , Chiu Christopher , Remppis Jonathan , Ganzenmueller Tina , Renk Hanna , Strengert Monika , Schneiderhan-Marra Nicole , Dulovic Alex 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the leading causes of severe respiratory disease in infants and adults. While vaccines and monoclonal therapeutic antibodies either are or will shortly become available, correlates of protection remain unclear. For this purpose, we developed an RSV multiplex immunoassay that analyses antibody titers toward the post-F, Nucleoprotein, and a diverse mix of G proteins.

Methods
A bead-based multiplex RSV immunoassay was developed, technically validated to standard FDA bioanalytical guidelines, and clinically validated using samples from human challenge studies. RSV antibody titers were then investigated in children aged under 2 and a population-based cohort.

Results
Technical and clinical validation showed outstanding performance, while methodological developments enabled identification of the subtype of previous infections through use of the diverse G proteins for approximately 50% of samples. As a proof of concept to show the suitability of the assay in serosurveillance studies, we then evaluated titer decay and age-dependent antibody responses within population cohorts.

Conclusion
Overall, the developed assay shows robust performance, is scalable, provides additional information on infection subtype, and is therefore ideally suited to be used in future population cohort studies.
Quasi-periodic orbits of small solar sails with time-varying attitude around Earth–Moon libration points
Authors: Chujo Toshihiro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes new quasi-periodic orbits around Earth–Moon collinear libration points using solar sails. By including the time-varying sail orientation in the linearized equations of motion for the circular restricted three-body problem (CR3BP), four types of quasi-periodic orbits (two types around L1 and two types around L2) were formulated. Among them, one type of orbit around L2 realizes a considerably small geometry variation while ensuring visibility from the Earth if (and only if) the sail acceleration due to solar radiation pressure is approximately of a certain magnitude, which is much smaller than that assumed in several previous studies. This means that only small solar sails can remain in the vicinity of L2 for a long time without propellant consumption. The orbits designed in the linearized CR3BP can be translated into nonlinear CR3BP and high-fidelity ephemeris models without losing geometrical characteristics. In this study, new quasi-periodic orbits are formulated, and their characteristics are discussed. Furthermore, their extendibility to higher-fidelity dynamic models was verified using numerical examples.
Licensing Scheme in the Green Industry Sector: The Case of Georgia Tree Care Service Providers
Authors: Nouve Yawotse D. , Florkowski Wojciech J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTree care license requirements are expected to improve service quality and provider competencies. The study elicits the licensing fee Georgia firms would pay using survey data from 153 tree care firms. An empirical relationship identifies firm characteristics that influence the fee size using the inverse hyperbolic sine transformation function. Results show that respondents who propose higher annual licensing fees are on average younger, more educated, male, and likely to agree that mandatory licensing is necessary to establish professionalism in the tree care industry. Also, those often engaged in tree trimming services and firms with higher annual revenues contemplate paying higher licensing fees.
What are the best strategies for stratification of clinical cohorts with depression and other mood disorders?
Authors: Hickie Ian B. , Berk Michael , Scott Jan , Crouse Jacob , Scott Elizabeth , Wray Naomi , Iorfino Frank 
Published: February 2024

The recognised heterogeneity of clinical cohorts of people with depression and other mood disorders has been held to be one of the central reasons why so many studies of causation, neurobiological or psychological correlates, or the effectiveness of treatments have failed to yield significant findings or be easily replicated by independent groups.
How Do Past Immunization Strategies Compare With the COVID-19 Immunization Rollout: A New Zealand Analysis
Authors: Anderson Emma , Fenton Elizabeth , Priest Patricia , Sullivan Trudy 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of this study was to compare past New Zealand immunization strategies with the New Zealand coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) immunization roll-out.

Methods:
Using the READ document analysis method, 2 New Zealand immunization strategies (for influenza and measles) were analyzed for how the disease, context, vaccine supply and demand, ethical principles (equity, individual autonomy, and maximizing benefits), and the Treaty of Waitangi impacted the immunization programs. The findings were compared with the ongoing COVID-19 mass immunization program in New Zealand, as of October 15, 2021.

Results:
Several themes common to the case-studies and the COVID-19 pandemic were identified including the importance of equity, obligations under the Treaty of Waitangi, ethical mandates, and preparedness.

Conclusions:
Future emergency planning should integrate learnings from other infectious disease responses and immunization programs to avoid repeating mistakes and to create better health outcomes. This study has provided a basis for ongoing research into how an appropriate immunization plan can be developed that incorporates ethical values, the Treaty of Waitangi (in the NZ context), and evidence-based research to increase trust, equity, health, and preparedness for future outbreaks.
Adverse childhood experiences, emotional distress and dissatisfaction with motherhood among first-time mothers: Mediations and child differences
Authors: Akintunde Tosin Yinka , Chen Shaojun , Isangha Stanley Oloji , Di Qi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDespite the challenges associated with motherhood, studies have not consistently identified factors contributing to first-time mothers’ dissatisfaction with motherhood in resource-limited regions. To fill this research gap, this study investigates how adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) result in first-time mothers’ dissatisfaction with motherhood through emotional distress in Nigeria. Results from the partial least square structural equation model suggests that ACEs are associated with dissatisfaction with motherhood ($ \beta $= 0.092;p < 0.01) and emotional distress ($ \beta $= 0.367;p < 0.001). There is also a significant association between emotional distress and dissatisfaction with motherhood ($ \beta $= 0.728;p < 0.001). Indirect path from first-time mothers’ ACEs to dissatisfaction with motherhood through emotional distress shows significance ($ \beta $= 0.267; 95% CI (0.213, 0.323);p < 0.001). In addition, the indirect path from first-time mothers’ ACEs to dissatisfaction with motherhood through child emotional closeness showed significant dampening effects ($ \beta $= 0.044; 95% CI (0.025, 0.066);p < 0.001). No serial impact of emotional distress and child emotional closeness was found in the study. The findings based on child gender indicated that only among first-time mothers of female children are ACEs predictors of dissatisfaction with motherhood. Trauma-informed interventions should be introduced in primary care settings to screen for ACEs and emotional dysfunctions among first-time mothers.
Direct numerical simulations of turbulent channel flow with a rib-roughened porous wall
Authors: Suga Kazuhiko , Kuwata Yusuke 
Published: February 2024

To describe the effects of porous roughness on turbulence, we have carried out direct numerical simulations using the lattice Boltzmann method. The simulated flows are fully developed turbulent flows in channels consisting of a solid smooth top wall and a porous bottom wall with transverse porous ribs whose heights are 10 % of the channel height. The considered ratios of the rib spacing to the rib height are

$w/k\simeq 1$

and 9. The Kelvin-cell structure is applied to construct faithfully the porous media whose porosities are

$\varphi \ge 0.79$

. Three kinds of porous media having different permeabilities are considered. The most permeable one has an approximately one order higher permeability than that of the least permeable one. The higher permeability case is designed to have a pore scale that is the same as the rib height so that it is the most permeable case for the rib roughness with the designed porosity. In the simulations, the bulk Reynolds number is set to

$Re_b=5500$

, and the corresponding permeability Reynolds numbers are

$Re_K=2.2\unicode{x2013}7.5$

. The simulated field data and the drag coefficient, which includes both the pressure drag by the ribs and the frictional drag over the porous wall, are analysed to understand the characteristics of the permeable roughness in terms of permeability. The decomposition of the drag coefficient into the integrated laminar, rib-drag, dispersion and turbulence parts elucidates the transition mechanism between the typical d-type to k-type roughness depending on

$Re_K$

. By the double (time and space) averaged budget equations for the dispersion and Reynolds stresses, we explain how the energy generated by the roughness transfers to turbulence through dispersion resulting in the k-type characteristics. The nominal roughness sublayer thickness and the characteristic roughness height are introduced with the parameters obtained by fitting the velocity data to Best's and Nikuradse's logarithmic velocity formulae. Along with data in the literature, it is suggested that the ratio of the characteristic roughness height to the nominal roughness sublayer thickness becomes constant irrespective of the rib spacing in the full permeable-wall turbulence at

$Re_K> 7$

.
Responsible Leadership with Chinese Characteristics
Authors: Qu Qing , Fu Pingping , Tu Yu , Shadnam Masoud 
Published: February 2024

AbstractResponsible leadership (RL) has become a buzz word in the current lexicon of business and politics, but there is still limited agreement on the components, scope, and characteristics. The confusion is rooted, in part, in the dominance of normative perspectives that take RL as a universal phenomenon. However, embedded in a specific culture, RL cannot be understood fully without understanding the moral traditions of that culture. In this article, we used a case study method to explore how RL is understood and practiced in China. Taking the role theory perspective, we conducted in-depth interviews with 9 highly regarded responsible executive leaders and 92 stakeholders in and outside of their companies who were well acquainted with the leaders. Our findings reveal that in China, the moral character of leaders guides them to define and take responsibility for themselves, their employees, companies, and external stakeholders. The five dimensions of RL we identified and the relationships among the dimensions include characteristics that reflect Chinese culture, such as strong sentiment for the nation, self-discipline, developing employees philosophically, and ‘jun zi wu ben’ (a gentleman should focus on fundamental matters). We conclude by discussing the implications of our study for RL research and practice.
Aggressive behaviours associated with MDMA and psychedelics: a narrative review
Authors: Sayrafizadeh Negar , Ledwos Nicole , Husain M. Ishrat , Castle David J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Monoamine neurotransmitters play a role in aggression, especially when altered by illicit substances. However, some literature suggests that not all illicit substances may lead to aggression, notably psychedelics. This narrative review investigates the associations between serotonergic psychedelics and MDMA on aggressive behaviour.

Methods:
PubMed and PsycINFO were searched for original, peer-reviewed articles evaluating the effects of serotonergic psychedelics and 3,4-methyl enedioxy methamphetamine (MDMA) on violent and aggressive behaviour using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Results:
After removing duplicates, a total of 555 articles were screened, with 16 meeting the inclusion criteria. One additional article was obtained through reference screening bringing the total to 17 articles. Of these 17 articles, 14 studies focused on MDMA and three on serotonergic psychedelics. Findings were mixed, with some results demonstrating increased aggression following psychedelics and others suggesting protective effects. Limitations in the current literature include varied definitions of psychedelics, lack of standardised objective outcome measures and failure to control for confounding.

Conclusion:
As psychedelic research continues to expand, further assessment on the effects of serotonergic psychedelics and MDMA on aggressive behaviour is required.
Using Machine Learning to Test Causal Hypotheses in Conjoint Analysis
Authors: Ham Dae Woong , Imai Kosuke , Janson Lucas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractConjoint analysis is a popular experimental design used to measure multidimensional preferences. Many researchers focus on estimating the average marginal effects of each factor while averaging over the other factors. Although this allows for straightforward design-based estimation, the results critically depend on the ways in which factors interact with one another. An alternative model-based approach can compute various quantities of interest, but requires correct model specifications, a challenging task for conjoint analysis with many factors. We propose a new hypothesis testing approach based on the conditional randomization test (CRT) to answer the most fundamental question of conjoint analysis: Does a factor of interest matter in any way given the other factors? Although it only provides a formal test of these binary questions, the CRT is solely based on the randomization of factors, and hence requires no modeling assumption. This means that the CRT can provide a powerful and assumption-free statistical test by enabling the use of any test statistic, including those based on complex machine learning algorithms. We also show how to test commonly used regularity assumptions. Finally, we apply the proposed methodology to conjoint analysis of immigration preferences. An open-source software package is available for implementing the proposed methodology. The proposed methodology is implemented via an open-source software R package CRTConjoint, available through the Comprehensive R Archive Network https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/CRTConjoint/index.html.
East Asian monsoon variations in the loess–desert transitional zone (northern China) during the past 14 ka and their comparison with TraCE21K simulation results
Authors: Gu Yao , Lu Huayu , Wang Jingjing , Zhang Hongyan , Zhang Wenchao , Liang Chenghong , Wu Jiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Holocene is a critical period for understanding the East Asian monsoon system (EAM) over long timescales, but high-precision dating and high-resolution records from the Holocene epoch at monsoonal margins of East Asia are lacking. Here, on the basis of closely spaced radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence dating results obtained from a typical loess–paleosol sequence on the northern Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), we provide an independent age-based, high-resolution depositional record of East Asian summer (EASM) and winter monsoons (EAWM) variations over the past ~14 ka. We find that both the EASM and EAWM simultaneously strengthened sometime during the Holocene optimum (~7–5 ka BP), with greater seasonality, and weakened during the Late Holocene. These findings are counterintuitive to our understanding of the EAM variations based on loess records at suborbital scales during interglacial periods, providing an alternative scenario of the monsoon system evolution. We postulate that high-latitude forcing and surface feedbacks, such as vegetation change, have modulated the EAM variations during the Holocene warmth.
ADVANCING ANTARCTIC SEDIMENT CHRONOLOGY THROUGH COMBINED RAMPED PYROLYSIS OXIDATION AND PYROLYSIS-GC-MS
Authors: Ginnane Catherine E , Turnbull Jocelyn C , Naeher Sebastian , Rosenheim Brad E , Venturelli Ryan A , Phillips Andy M , Reeve Simon , Parry-Thompson Jeremy , Zondervan Albert , Levy Richard H , Yoo Kyu-Cheul , Dunbar Gavin , Calkin Theo , Escutia Carlota , Gutierrez Pastor Julia 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTRadiocarbon (14C) dating of sediment deposition around Antarctica is often challenging due to heterogeneity in sources and ages of organic carbon in the sediment. Chemical and thermochemical techniques have been used to separate organic carbon when microfossils are not present. These techniques generally improve on bulk sediment dates, but they necessitate assumptions about the age spectra of specific molecules or compound classes and about the chemical heterogeneity of thermochemical separations. To address this, the Rafter Radiocarbon Laboratory has established parallel ramped pyrolysis oxidation (RPO) and ramped pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) systems to thermochemically separate distinct carbon fractions, diagnose the chemical composition of each fraction, and target suitable RPO fractions for radiocarbon dating. Three case studies of sediment taken from locations around Antarctica are presented to demonstrate the implementation of combined RPO-AMS and Py-GC-MS to provide more robust age determination in detrital sediment stratigraphy. These three depositional environments are good examples of analytical and interpretive challenges related to oceanographic conditions, carbon sources, and other factors. Using parallel RPO-AMS and Py-GC-MS analyses, we reduce the number of radiocarbon measurements required, minimize run times, provide context for unexpected 14C ages, and better support interpretations of radiocarbon measurements in the context of environmental reconstruction.
Cloning of three epsilon-class glutathione S-transferase genes from Micromelalopha troglodyta (Graeser) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) and their response to tannic acid
Authors: Zhang Ling , Tu Huizhen , Tang Fang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMicromelalopha troglodyta (Graeser) is an important pest of poplar in China, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) is an important detoxifying enzyme in M. troglodyta. In this paper, three full-length GST genes from M. troglodyta were cloned and identified. These GST genes all belonged to the epsilon class (MtGSTe1, MtGSTe2, and MtGSTe3). Furthermore, the expression of these three MtGSTe genes in different tissues, including midguts and fat bodies, and the MtGSTe expression in association with different concentrations of tannic acid, including 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 mg ml−1, were analysed in detail. The results showed that the expression levels of MtGSTe1, MtGSTe2, and MtGSTe3 were all the highest in the fourth instar larvae; the expression levels of MtGSTe1 and MtGSTe3 were the highest in fat bodies, while the expression level of MtGSTe2 was the highest in midguts. Furthermore, the expression of MtGSTe mRNA was induced by tannic acid in M. troglodyta. These studies were helpful to clarify the interaction between plant secondary substances and herbivorous insects at a deep level and provided a theoretical foundation for controlling M. troglodyta.
Can the Depressed Appreciate the Choice to Die?
Authors: Bakhtiar Ariane 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this article, I argue that some irremediably depressed patients have the decision-making capacity to consent to medical treatment even when they want to die. These patients are said to have deficits in appreciative capacity because they lack insight into their condition. I argue that some patients have insight if they can cognize and articulate a range of future possibilities regarding their health. The argument requires a phenomenological lens. Phenomenology captures something fundamental about depression, such as temporal experience, which is needed for a more thorough assessment of capacity for medical assistance in dying (MAiD).
The Intentio of Pastness in Aquinas's Theory of Memory
Authors: Jalsevac John 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the Summa Theologiae, Thomas Aquinas states that the “aspect of pastness” involved in memory is a certain kind of cognitive object — i.e., an intention — apprehended by the “estimative power.” All told, however, Aquinas mentions this idea precisely once. In this article, I construct an account of the idea that pastness is an estimative intention by drawing upon texts in which I argue that Aquinas develops this idea, albeit without invoking the terminology of the estimative intention. I conclude that, by identifying the aspect of pastness as an estimative intention, Aquinas neatly synthesizes the Aristotelian and Arabic traditions on memory.