bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preferential suppression of insulin‐stimulated proliferation of cultured hepatocytes by somatostatin: Evidence for receptor‐mediated growth regulation
Authors: Kothary Piyush C. , Kokudo Norihiro , Eckhauser F. E. , Delvalle John , Raper Steven E. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe role of somatostatin (SS‐14) in the regulation of rat liver regeneration was examined by using thymidine incorporation into hepatocyte DNA labeled with tritiated thymidine, a nuclear‐labeling index, and the binding of 125I‐tyr11‐SS‐14 to hepatocytes isolated at various times after partial hepatectomy. The data demonstrated no suppressive effect of SS‐14 on insulin and glucagon‐stimulated thymidine incorporation into hepatocyte DNA as early as 2 h after partial hepatectomy. These data were substantiated by a nuclear labeling index studies. At 2 h, 125I‐tyr11‐SS‐14 binding to its specific sites on isolated hepatocytes was undetectable. There was a time‐dependent increase in binding of 125I‐tyr11‐SS‐14 to hepatocytes obtained at various times after partial hepatectomy. There was a significant decrease in the number of binding sites after partial hepatectomy as determined by Scatchard analysis. The data were supported by autoradiography analysis of affinity labeled 125I‐tyr11‐SS‐14‐binding protein complex followed by SDS‐PAGE. SS‐14 also inhibited intracellular cAMP in hepatocytes obtained at 18 h after hepatectomy. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that SS‐14 participates via its own receptor in the regulation of the liver regeneration. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytokine induction of proliferation and expression of CDC2 and cyclin a in FDC‐P1 myeloid hematopoietic progenitor cells: Regulation of ubiquitous and cell cycle‐dependent histone gene transcription factors
Authors: Shakoori A. R. , van Wijnen A. J. , Cooper C. , Aziz F. , Birnbaum M. , Reddy G. P. V. , Grana X. , De Luca A. , Giordano A. , Lian J. B. , Stein J. L. , Quesenberry P. , Stein G. S. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractTo evaluate transcriptional mechanisms during cytokine induction of myeloid progenitor cell proliferation, we examined the expression and activity of transcription factors that control cell cycle‐dependent histone genes in interleukin‐3 (IL‐3)‐dependent FDC‐P1 cells. Histone genes are transcriptionally upregulated in response to a series of cellular regulatory signals that mediate competency for cell cycle progression at the G1/S‐phase transition. We therefore focused on factors that are functionally related to activity of the principal cell cycle progression at the G1/S‐phase transition. We therefore focused on factors that are functionally related to activity of the principal cell cycle regulatory element of the histone H4 promoter:CDC2, cyclin A, as well as RB‐and IRF‐related proteins. Comparisons were made with activities of ubiquitous transcription factors that influence a broad spectrum of promoters independent of proliferation or expression of tissue‐specific phenotypic properties. Northern blot analysis indicates that cellular levels of cyclin A and CDC2 mRNAs increase when DNA synthesis and H4 gene expression are initiated, supporting invoulvement in cell cycle progression. Using gel‐shift assays, incorporating factor‐specific antibody and oligonucleotide competition controls, we define three sequential periods following cytokine stimulation of FDC‐P1 cells when selective upregulation of a subset of transcription factors is observed. In the initial period, the levels of SP1 and HiNF‐P are moderately elevated; ATF, AP‐1, and HiNF‐M/IRF‐2 are maximal during the second period; while E2F and HiNF‐D, which contain cyclin A as a component, predominate during the third period, coinciding with maximal H4 gene expression and DNA synthesis. Differential regulation of H4 gene transcription factors following growth stimulation is consistent with a principal role of histone gene promoter elements in integrating cues from multiple signaling pathways that control cell cycle induction and progression. Regulation of transcription factors controlling histone gene promoter activity within the context of a staged cascade of responsiveness to cyclins and other physiological mediators of proliferation in FDC‐P1 cells provides a paradigm for experimentally addressing interdependent cell cycle and cell growth parameters that are operative in hematopoietic stem cells. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Rb2/p130 gene product is a nuclear protein whose phosphorylation is cycle regulated
Authors: Baldi Alfonso , De Luca Antonio , Claudio Pier Paolo , Baldi Feliciano , Giordano Giovan Giacomo , Tommasino Massimo , Paggi Marco Giorgio , Giordano Antonio 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe Rb2/p130 protein has been shown to have a high sequence homology with the retinoblastoma gene product (pRb), one of the most well‐characterized tumor suppressor genes, and with pRb‐related p107, especially in their conserved pocket domains, which display a primary role in the function of these proteins. In this study, we report on the biochemical and immunocytochemical characterization of the Rb2/p130 protein, using a polyclonal antibody developed against its “spacer” region included in the pocket domain of the whole protein. We show that pRb/p130 is a phosphoprotein located at the nuclear level and that its phosphorylation pathway can be dramatically reduced by phosphatase treatment. Moreover pRb/p130, with p107, with p107, is one of the major targets of the E1A viral oncoprotein‐associated kinase activity, showing a phosphorylation pattern which is modulated during the cell cycle, reaching a peak of activation at the onset of S‐phase. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular cloning of a novel myeloid granule protein
Authors: Moscinski Lyn N. C. , Hill Bobbye 
Published: May 2005

AbstractGranulocytes are recognized by the presence of granules, including primary (azurophilic) and secondary types. Each granule ype contains distinct and characteristic families of enzymes. We have secreened a murine bone marrow cDNA library to obtain a series of sequences corresponding to mRNAs which are both myeloid‐specific and appear to be expressed only in immature bone marrow cells. A 1, 160 bp sequence (B9) has been isolated which shows restricted expression in murine bone marrow, with the highest levels in cultures enriched for promyelocytes. Translation yields a single open reading frame of 167 amino acids and a calculated MW of 19.33 kd. A single potential N‐glycosylation site is present. Evaluatin of the amino terminal sequence shows 2 polar amino acids flanking a hydrophobic region, suggesting a signal sequence and possibility of post‐translational modification. An extensive search of the protein data base reveals 30% identity over 90 amino acids with porcine cathelin, a cystain‐like systeine proteinase inhibitor. This sequence identity includes conservation of the 4 cysteine residues noted in all members of the cystain superfamily. In an attempt to further characterize this novel sequence, a polyclonal antiserum was prepared by immunization with a 20 amino acid synthetic peptide corresponding to a unique portion of the carboxy terminus. Immunoelectron microscopy localized B9 to neutrophilic granules. We have identified a novel myeloid‐specific granule protein related to porcine cathelin, but showing important structural differences. This may represent this first isolated member of a new cystatin family. More importantly, the small size of the B9 gene and its tight pattern of early expression make B9 an excellent reporter molecule for the study of new factors important in myeloid differentiation. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
rHox: A homeobox gene expressed in osteoblastic cells
Authors: Hu Yunshan , Flanagan Judith , Brennan Denise P. , Zhou Hong , Ng Kong Wah , Eisman John A. , Morrison Nigel A. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractHomeodomain proteins are characterized by a conserved domain with a helix‐turn‐helix motif. These proteins act as regulatory factors in tissue differentiation and proliferation. However, their role in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation is unknown. In this study we have identified and characterized a homeobox gene in osteoblast‐like cells. This gene, termed rHox, was isolated from a cDNA library derived from rat osteoblast‐like cells. The nucleotide sequence of the 1,375 base pair (bp) cDNA contains a noncoding leader sequence of 329 bp, a 735 bp open reading frame, and 312 bp of 3′ noncoding sequence. Sequence comparison demonstrates that rHox is identical to the mouse Pmx gene (also called MHox) at the amino acid level and 90% homologous at the nucleotide level. Both Southwestern blotting and gel shift analyses indicate that rHox has potential to bind both the collagen l α 1 and the osteocalcin promoters. Transfection experiments using an rHox expression vector showed a strong repression of target promoter activity, regardless of whether the target promoters contained homeodomain binding reponse elements. These data suggest that rHox is a potent negative regulator of gene expression, although the specific role of rHox in bone gene regulation remains to be determined. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Human myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen binds specifically to nucleolin
Authors: Xie Jingping , Briggs Judith A. , Olson Mark O. J. , Sipos Katalin , Briggs Robert C. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe human myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA) is a nuclear protein expressed specifically in cells of the myelomonocytic lineage and regulated by interferon α in a cell‐specific fashion. MNDA is also a member of a family of interferon‐regulated genes of unknown function. In an effort to elucidate the function of MNDA, three techniques (affinity purification, coimmunoprecipitation, and protein blot assay) were used to characterize its specific protein binding activities. Microsequence analysis showed that MNDA bound the 100 kDa nucleolin protein. The identification of nucleolin was confirmed by immunoreaction with specific antibodies. MNDA contains motifs which could account for specific binding to nucleolin. Nucleolin binds other macromolecules and exhibits features consistent with roles in signal transduction, production of ribosomes, nuclear matrix structure, and regulation of transcription. The present results indicate that the function of MNDA is most likely related to interactions with other proteins. Through these associations, MNDA could contribute cell/lineage‐ and differentiation‐specific limits to the function of ubiquitous proteins such as nucleolin. Further analysis of MNDA protein binding could be critical to elucidating the function of MNDA and could contribute to understanding the fuction of the products of other members of this interferon‐inducible family of genes. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Simultaneous solvent extraction of cobalt and magnesium in the presence of nickel from sulfate solutions by Ionquest 801
Authors: Tsakiridis Petros E , Agatzini‐Leonardou Stella 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe simultaneous extraction of Co(II) and Mg(II) from nickel sulfate solutions has been carried out using the organophosphonic extractant Ionquest 801 diluted in Exxsol D‐80. Statistical design and analysis of experiments were used in order to determine the main effects and interactions of the solvent extraction parameters, which were the extraction pH at equilibrium, the temperature, the extractant concentration and the organic/aqueous phase ratio. A statistically designed experiment was also carried out to study the stripping of the Ionquest 801 organic phase loaded with cobalt and magnesium by sulfuric acid solution. The number of stages required for both extraction and stripping processes of cobalt and magnesium was evaluated. The results of continuous counter‐current mini‐plant tests demonstrated the simultaneous recovery of cobalt and magnesium from nickel sulfate solution. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Purification and renaturation of recombinant human lymphotoxin (tumour necrosis factor beta) expressed in Escherichia coli as inclusion bodies
Authors: Jin Hong , Uddin Mohammad S. , Huang Yu L. , Teo Wah K. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractHigh level expression of recombinant human tumour necrosis factor β (rh TNF‐β) in Escherichia coli results in the formation of two portions of protein, namely soluble active protein and insoluble protein which is inactive and aggregates in the form of inclusion bodies (IBs). In this study, a procedure for purification and renaturation of rh TNF‐β from inclusion bodies has been designed and verified experimentally with a product purity of more than 90% and a recovery of about 30%. The procedure includes washing of IBs with specific wash buffer (Triton X‐100/EDTA/lysozyme/PMSF), their solubilization with 8 mol dm−3 alkaline urea, purification with ion‐exchange columns, refolding with renaturation buffer and finally concentration and desalination with an ultrafiltration membrane. The characteristics of the renatured protein were identical with those of purified protein from the soluble fraction as demonstrated by (1) SDS‐PAGE, (2) cytotoxic activity on mouse L929 cells, (3) N‐terminal amino acid sequence, and (4) gel filtration chromatography.
Hydrolysis of tannery wastes to protein meal for animal feedstuffs: A process and product evaluation
Authors: Montoneri Enzo , Rizzi Giovanni , Rizzi Arnaldo , Mordenti Archimede , Bauli Adriano , Riolfatti Massimo , Pellegrini Laura 
Published: May 2005

AbstractHydrolysis of protein solid wastes from tanneries to yield protein meal for animal nutrition has been performed in a pilot assembly designed to process 400 kg h−1 of disposal material under optimum energy consumption and product yield conditions. Evaluation of the significance of amino acid degradation caused by the process, in relation to the product cost and quality in animal nutrition, was the purpose. A nutrition bioassay was carried out to study the incidence of dietary substitution of the above protein meal for soybean meal on growth performance by early weaned piglets. The results show that degradation of serine, proline, arginine and threonine occurs during collagen hydrolysis, and that only the threonine concentration in the product falls below the dietary requirement. However, integration of protein meal diets with the necessary amino acid content may be accomplished cheaply. Compared with other vegetable and animal commercial protein meals, the cost of the product obtained from tanned hides appears competitive. Processing of other tannery disposal material is not recommended, due to the low protein content of the starting material.
Immobilisation of β‐galactosidase onto gelatin by glutaraldehyde and chromium(III) acetate
Authors: Sungur Sibel , Akbulut Ural 
Published: May 2005

Abstractβ‐Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) was immobilised onto a gelatin carrier system by crosslinking. Glutaraldehyde and chromium(III) acetate were used as crosslinking agents. The effect of pH on enzyme activity, kinetic parameters and reusability of the immobilised enzyme were investigated. To obtain a better relative activity, a method was developed and further modified to increase the surface area of the support system by using polyacrylamide. Relative activity enhancement of 68% was achieved in the gelatin–glutaraldehyde system.
FT‐IR studies on the evolution of different phases and their interaction in ferric molybdate—molybdenum trioxide catalysts
Authors: Belhekar Anagha A. , Ayyappan Subbiah , Ramaswamy Arumugamangalam V. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractTwo samples of Fe–Mo catalysts have been prepared from ferric nitrate and ammonium paramolybdate, one following a conventional procedure and the other by a new precipitation procedure in a buffer medium. The evolution of different Fe–Mo phases, from the fresh precipitate to the aged and then to the calcined state, has been followed by FT‐IR spectroscopy. All the spectral vibrations have been related to different coordination spheres of Mo and Fe ions in the samples and a comparison with a commercial catalyst of similar composition has been made. The new preparation procedure leads to small, uniform (0·3 μm size) particles and a homogeneous morphology of phases as seen by scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, a higher surface area (10·3 m2 g−1), lower bulk density (0·66 g cm−3), a methanol conversion efficiency of > 90% and an HCHO selectivity of 95% distinguish this sample from the conventionally prepared one. Better thermal stability of this sample is inferred from the IR spectral and XRD analyses of the heat‐treated (up to 800°C) samples and is related to the interaction between Fe2(MoO4)3 and MoO3 phases.
Interfacial activity and rate of palladium(II) extraction with fluorinated sulphides
Authors: Wisniewski Maciej , Szymanowski Jan , Cote Gérard , Meissner Egbert 
Published: May 2005

AbstractTwo 2‐hydroxyethylalkyl sulphides of which the alkyl chains are highly fluorinated were synthesised and their interfacial activity as well as their ability for extracting palladium(II) were investigated. Such fluorinated compounds adsorb at the toluene/3 mol dm−3 HCl interface more efficiently and effectively than 2‐hydroxyethyldecyl sulphide. It is shown that an increase in the fluorinated alkyl chain length from C7H4F10Cl to C9H4F14Cl has no important effect upon the interfacial activity. The fluorinated sulphides extract palladium(II) more quickly than their non‐fluorinated analogues so that the equilibrium can be reached in 10–30 min. The extraction of palladium(II) is already rapid in a concentration region in which the sulphides do not exhibit a strong adsorption at the interface. The initial extraction rates obtained with the two fluorinated sulphides considered above are comparable to those obtained with more surface active reagents such as 4‐decylphenylamine. Thus, the preadsorption of the fluorinated sulphides is not necessary for obtaining a high extraction rate.
Polymeric molluscicide for controlled release of bayluscide
Authors: Rehab Ahmed , Akelah Ahmed 
Published: May 2005

AbstractPolymeric molluscicides containing a niclosamide moiety have been prepared by the chemical reactions of the commercial polymers poly(chloromethylstyrene) (2% DVB) and Amberlite IR‐120 (8% DVB) with Bayluscide. The resulting polymers contain the Bayluscide active group either via a covalent bond or through physical interaction with the diethanolamine groups of the modified polymers.The release rates of niclosamide were determined in different pH media by UV spectrophotometric analyses. The hydrolysis data showed that the release rates are strongly dependent upon the pH of the medium, and the structure and composition of the polymers. The linkage between the polymer and the niclosamide moiety, i.e. the relative effects of covalent bonding against physical interaction of the molluscicide to a polymer substrate, also appeared to be an important factor affecting the rates of release as demonstrated by the resulting differences in the release rates from the different polymeric systems.
Production of β‐glucosidase by Aspergillus niger using carbon sources derived from agricultural wastes
Authors: Martino Angela , Pifferi Pier G. , Spagna Giovanni 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe effects of various medium carbon sources and salt solutions on the production of β‐glucosidase (βG, EC 3.2.1.21) by Aspergillus niger have been studied. β‐Glucosidase productivity was found to be 50 times greater than that reported previously.1 This higher productivity was achieved by employing a mutant strain of the organism, readily available and inexpensive carbon sources, such as cellulose and orange peel, and a simple nutrient salt solution.
Kinetic analysis of benzyl alcohol oxidation by alcohol oxidase in aqueous—organic two‐phase systems
Authors: Mitarai Hitomi , Kawakami Koei 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAlcohol oxidase‐catalyzed oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde was studied in three two‐liquid phase systems involving butyl acetate, xylene and n‐decane. A more highly hydrophobic solvent resulted in more favorable partitioning of the substrate into the aqueous phase and less deleterious effect on the enzyme activity. As a result, the overall production of aldehyde was highest with the n‐decane system and lowest with the butyl acetate system. In addition, the organic solvent served as an extractant for the product, which acted both as a competitive inhibitor and as a denaturant of the enzyme. The time courses of benzaldehyde production were simulated by a simple mathematical model assuming Michaelis–Menten kinetics in the aqueous phase, enzyme deactivation by organic solvents and the equilibrium partitioning of the reagents between the two phases.
Preparation of spherically agglomerated crystals of the 3,5‐diglucoside of cyanidin (cyanin)
Authors: Lasagabaster Aurora , Martín Carmen , Goñi M. Mar 
Published: May 2005

AbstractSuitable proportions of the solvent mixture benzene:methanol:aqueous hydrochloric acid to yield the spherically agglomerated crystals of cyanin have been found. The physicochemical properties and dissolution rate of the agglomerates, in comparison with the crystals obtained by a conventional method, have been analysed. No change in the crystalline form of the basic crystals was found in acid conditions, after agglomeration. The dissolution rate of spherical agglomerates did not decrease as much as predicted from their low specific surface areas because of their improved wettability. The crystallization speed would not only avoid colour loss during the isolation and purification of anthocyanins from their natural sources, but also would increase production, save time and cost. On the other hand, a decrease in the specific surface areas will reduce powder hydroscopicity with subsequent technological and stability advantages.
Dispersion—flocculation studies on a Goethite‐clay system
Authors: Orumwense Osasere Faraday F. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractDispersion–flocculation studies on a Goethite–clay system using flocculants were carried out as a function of flocculant concentrations, pH of slurry, time of agitation and dispersant dosage. Also, the effects of pH and polymer concentrations on the adsorption behaviour of the system were investigated. Results show that well flocculated goethite was preferentially obtained from 4% goethite/kaolinite clay suspensions, with 50 ppm causticised starch in the slurry at pH values of 3–11·5 and with 50 ppm polyacrylamide at pH values of 3–8. Good flocs were also obtained on flocculation of the goethite suspension with 50 ppm polyacrylamide at pH values of 5–7, while the kaolinite suspension did not respond to the same dosage of causticised starch in the same pH range. Results further reveal that for the goethite/kaolinite suspension, the best results was obtained with 50 ppm polyacrylamide at pH values of 7–10. Based on the data generated in the study, it was concluded that causticised starch is a better flocculant than polyacrylamide for goethite suspensions although polyacrylamide is an excellent flocculant for kaolinite suspensions.
Adsorption of methylene chloride vapor on activated carbons
Authors: Tsai Wen‐Tien , Chang Ching‐Yuan 
Published: May 2005

AbstractA laboratory investigation on the adsorption of hazardous methylene chloride (METH) vapor on the commercial activated carbons BPL and PCB, which were made from bituminous coal and coconut shell, respectively, was conducted at 283, 293, 303, and 313 K. The physical properties and surface functional groups of the two activated carbons were also measured and compared with each other. The experimental results indicate that the adsorption capacity of carbon PCB is slightly higher than that of carbon BPL. It was found that the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkevich adsorption equations were well fitted by the measured adsorption data. The values of the parameters of the adsorption equations were determined for the two adsorbents. The physical properties (e.g. micropore volume) of the adsorbents are consistent with the parameters obtained from the adsorption results.