bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anger and Hostility in Tension‐Type Headache
Authors: Hatch John P. , Schoenfeld Lawrence S. , Boutros Nashaat N. , Seleshi Ermias , Moore Patricia J. , Cyr‐Provost Margaret 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISA battery of standardized psychometric tests was administered to a group of 47 episodic tension‐type headache sufferers and 47 headache‐free controls. Compared to controls, headache subjects showed higher levels of anxiety, depression, and anger/hostility. The groups did not differ significantly on a measure of anger expressed toward persons or objects, but headache subjects showed significantly greater levels of suppressed anger. The results provide objective data that are in general agreement with predictions derived from psychosomatic theories about the interrelationships among anxiety, depression, and anger/hostility.
The Disappearance of the “Cold Patch” in Recovered Migraine Patients: Thermographic Findings
Authors: Volta G. Dalla , Anzola G.P. , DiMonda V. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISIn a previous paper we suggested that the vascular cold patch may be a useful prognostic index to followup migraine patients. Considerable criticism against our contention has been raised by Swerdlow and Dieter (Headache 29:562–568, 1989, ref. 1 ), who claim that the cold patch constitutes a “fixed geography” of the vasculature of migraine patients. In the present paper we replicate and extend our previous findings reporting the results of facial thermography in a sample of 246 consecutive migraine patients. Of these the 206 exhibiting a typical cold patch or a significant asymmetry in the forehead thermal dissipation were admitted to prophylactic treatment (beta blocker or calcium channel blocker). The thermography was performed at entry in the study and after six months of active treatment. The clinical outcome was compared to the thermographic findings. The patients were subdivided in three classes on the basis of the clinical outcome. Among the 136 patients who experienced complete or substantial relief from headache the cold patch disappeared or markedly improved in 85% of the cases. In the 46 patients with partial relief the thermogram showed an improved pattern in 48% of cases, most of the time of smaller extent than in the previous class. In 24 patients we observed no clinical improvement. Among these the thermogram remained unchanged in 85% of cases. Taken together these findings corroborate our previous suggestion that thermography is useful to monitor the clinical course of the disease. One additional suggestion from the present data is that thermography closely parallels the clinical course so as to represent a useful criterion for the decision of discontinuing the therapy.
EMG Activity in Pericranial Muscles During Postural Variation and Mental Activity in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Chronic Tension Type Headache
Authors: Schoenen Jean , Gerard Pascale , De Pasqua Victor , Juprelle Martine 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISEMG activity was recorded over frontalis, temporalis and trapezius muscles in a supine position, a standing position and during a mental task in 32 female patients suffering from chronic tension‐type headache and in 20 healthy volunteers. Measurements in patients were made before and after biofeedback therapy. All EMG levels were on average significantly higher in patients than in controls. 62.5% of patients had at least one abnormal EMG level, but only 34% were beyond the normal range, if 1 muscle and I recording condition was considered. EMG levels were not correlated with headache severity, anxiety or response to biofeedback treatment. It is therefore suggested that pericranial EMG activity is not pathogenetic in chronic tension type headache, but merely one of several pathophysiologic changes, that are produced by a central dysfunction.
Neural Processing of Craniovascular Pain: A Synthesis of the Central Structures Involved in Migraine
Authors: Goadsby Peter J. , Zagami Alessandro S. , Lambert Geoffrey A. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISIn order to determine the anatomical distribution of cells concerned with relaying craniovascular nociception, local cerebral glucose utilization was determined by the 2‐deoxyglucose method in tissue autoradiographs of the a‐chloralose anesthetized cat. The superior sagittal sinus was carefully lifted from the brain by sectioning the dura laterally and the falx inferiorly and suspending the sinus across two platinum hook electrodes for stimulation. The sinus was stimulated electrically and its effect on caudal brainstem, upper cervical spinal cord and diencephalic metabolic activity determined. Stimulation of the sinus caused increased metabolic activity in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis, in the cervical dorsal horn and in a discrete area in the dorsolateral spinal cord at the second cervical segment. Metabolic activity was also increased in the ventrobasal thalamus, specifically in the ventroposteromedial (188%) nuclear group, in the medial nucleus of the posterior complex (70%) and the intralaminar complex (49%). There was no change in the surrounding thalamus, lateral geniculate nucleus or overlying cerebral cortex. These increases in 2‐deoxy‐glucose utilisation were blocked by bilateral trigeminal ganglion ablation. The dorsolateral area activated in the spinal cord corresponds to a hitherto unrecognised group of cells in or near the lateral cervical nucleus that may form an important relay for craniovascular nociception. Further electrophysiological studies with glass coated tungsten microelectrodes have characterised the cells in these regions of the thalamus to be responsible for relaying nociceptive information. An understanding of the connections and properties of the neurons that subserve craniovascular pain is an essential prerequisite to understanding the complex pathophysiology of migraine.
Review Article: Migraine and Pregnancy
Authors: Uknis Audrey , Silberstein Stephen D. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISA 27‐year‐old woman with no family or personal history of migraine presented with headache associated with unilateral paresthesias and blurred vision. This was her first, and so far only, attack of migraine with aura and led to the diagnosis of her pregnancy and to this review.Migraine can begin for the first time with pregnancy, particularly in the first trimester. Cases of migraine with aura are the most commonly reported. Preexisting migraine usually improves with pregnancy, particularly if it was associated with menstrual migraine. Headache occurs frequently in the postpartum period, particularly in known migraineurs. Migraineurs have no increased risk of complications during pregnancy and their children have no increased incidence of birth defects.
Bilateral Episodic Mydriasis as a Migraine Equivalent in Childhood: a Case Report
Authors: van Engelen Baziel G.M. , Renier Willy O. , Gabreëls Fons J.M. , Cruysberg Hans R.M. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISWe report a 14‐year‐old girl who presented with yearly attacks of bilateral internal ophthalmoplegia, nausea and headache, since the age of nine.The episodic isolated bilateral mydriasis in this child is believed to be a migraine equivalent.
Migraine and Epilepsy With Infantile Onset and Electroencephalographic Findings of Occipital Spike‐wave Complexes
Authors: Romanis F. De , Buzzi M.G. , Cerbo R. , Feliciani M. , Assenza S. , Agnoli A 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISAn EEG finding of temporo‐occipital or temporo‐parieto‐occipItal spike‐wave complexes, suppressed by eye opening, coexisting with classical migraine, was observed in 14 children; in 13 of these patients, seizures were present. Classical migraine, visual phenomena and seizures coexisted in different clinical patterns.
An Unusual Angiographic Picture in Status Migrainosus
Authors: Schulman Elliott A. , Hershey Beverly 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISArteriographic findings suggestive of inflammation are described in a 26‐year‐old woman presenting with headache and syncope. There were no clinical findings of angiitis, and a diagnosis of status migrainosus was eventually made. We present her case, as well as a review o previous cases of arterial changes in patients with headache. Most previous cases report arterial narrowing, felt to reflect spasm, whereas our patient demonstrated segmental stenoses and dilatations, perhaps implicating inflammation. The inflammatory process has been postulated as the pathogenesis of migraine pain. As most migraineurs do not undergo arteriography, the incidence of arterial change in these patients is unknown. This finding has therapeutic implications for selecting the optimal anti‐migraine agent.
Blood Leukotrienes in Headache: Correlation With Platelet Activity
Authors: LaMancusa Rita , Pulcinelli Fabio M. , Ferroni Patrizia , Lenti Luisa , Manzari Giovanna , Pauri Franca , Rizzo Paolo A. , Gazzaniga Pier Paolo , Pontieri Giuseppe M. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISPlatelet hyperactivity, one of the commonest findings associated with migraine, has been related to increased release of biologically active substances such as catecholamines and arachidonic acid metabolites, which seem to play a role in the pathogenesis of migraine.In this study, in vitro platelet aggregation tests were performed on samples from patients with different types of headache. The presence of platelet hyperactivity was clearly demonstrated in 11 patients with classical migraine between attacks, but not in 4 patients between attacks of common migraine. Nevertheless, the presence of a marked platelet hyporesponsivity was found during the attack phase of both classical and common migraine. No difference in platelet aggregability was found between attack and post‐attack phases in 5 patients with cluster headache.Blood leukotrienes were analyzed in 8 patients with classical migraine and in the 5 patients with cluster headache. During the attack phase of classical migraine both LTC 4 and LTB 4 were present in the peripheral blood, while the post‐attack phase was characterized by the disappearance of LTC 4 and the presence of LTB 4 and its transisomer D 6‐trans‐LTB 4 . Blood leukotrienes were constantly absent during both phases of cluster headache. Incubation of normal platelets with LTC 4 or D 6‐trans‐LTB 4 was followed by inhibition of platelet response to epinephrine. D 6‐trens‐LTB 4 , at higher concentrations, induced the opposite effect.A possible role of blood leukotrienes in the changes occurring in platelet aggregability during the different phases of classical migraine, is discussed.
Dihydroergotamine Suppositories in a Headache Clinic
Authors: Ward Thomas N. , Scott Gregory 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISDihydroergotamine (DHE) is available in the United States for parenteral use. We report a preliminary trial of DHE suppositories in an outpatient headache clinic setting. Dihydroergotamine suppositories may be appropriate for patients with catamenial migraine and classic migraine in particular.
Arteriovenous Malformations and Migraine: Case Reports and an Analysis of the Relationship
Authors: Haas David C. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISSome patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) suffer recurrent migrainous attacks which meet the official criteria for migraine. The relationship of these attacks to the malformations has been poorly substantiated. Instances where attacks disappeared following surgical extirpation of an AVM support a relationship, but several other reported surgical outcomes do not. Both patients presented here had surgical results seemingly antithetical to a relationship: the attacks persisted in the first patient and began in the second after removal of the AVM. Nevertheless, data assembled from the literature attests to a causal role for AVMs in the production of migrainous attacks, by showing an overwhelming correlation between the side of the cranium with the AVM and the side afflicted by unilateral headache. An equally good correlation exists for lateralized auras. The correlative and surgical data together show that migrainous attacks develop in relation to AVMs, but not within the malformation itself. Instead, the neighboring brain is probably the generative site.
Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation and Cluster‐like Headache
Authors: Hindfelt Bengt , Olivecrona Hans 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISCluster headache is considered a clinically distinct entity with no underlying gross pathology. However, in ram cases this kind of headache may be mimicked by an arteriovenous malformation. A 49‐year‐old male is described who had severe bouts of unilateral headache resembling those of cluster headache. The usual accompanying autonomic manifestations were minor and the headache attacks were prolonged. Treatment with ergotamine tartrate and pizotifen failed. A large ipsilateral arteriovenous malformation was diagnosed. Prospectively, true clustering of the headache attacks could not be documented.
Ketorolac Versus DHE and Metoclopramide in the Treatment of Migraine Headaches
Authors: Klapper J.A. , Stanton J.S. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISKetorolac IM was compared to DHE and metoclopramide IV in migraine patients whose regular abortive medication had failed and who presented to a headache clinic for acute treatment. Pain scale ratings and ratings of ability to function were recorded before and after injection. Ketorelac provided moderate relief in headache in six of nine patients compared to eight of nine given DHE and metoclopramide. The average improvement in patients receiving DHE and metoclopramide was greater in pain (p=.031) and disability scores (p=.057), than in those patients given ketorolac.
Migraine and Anticardiolipin Antibodies‐Case Reports of 13 Patients, and the Prevalence of Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Migraineurs
Authors: Robbins Lawrence 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISThirteen patients with both migraine and positive anticardiolipin antibodies (ACL) are discussed. Several of the patients were treated with immunosuppressives, aspirin, and anti‐coagulants. In addition, one underwent plasmapheresis.Sixty‐eight migraineurs were screened for the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies. Low positive IgG ACL were identified in 13 patients, medium positive ACL were present in two patients, and one patient had high IgG levels for ACL. The number of positives in migraineurs was significantly higher than in controls.
Orbital Phlebography and Signs of Inflammation in Episodic and Chronic Cluster Headache
Authors: Hannerz Jan 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISOne of our 7 patients (14%) with chronic cluster headache had an abnormal orbital phlebogram; this was significantly less than the 61% encountered in our 13 patients with active episodic cluster headache who had this test done.There were no pathologically increased values for serum haptoglobin or orosomucoid in our 9 patients with chronic cluster headache, again significantly less than in our 43 patients with active episodic cluster headache, 51 percent of whom had pathologically increased values of haptoglobin or orosomucoid.These inflammatory signs decreased after the episodic cluster headache was over.Episodic cluster headache we suggest to be due to temporary sympathicoplegia caused by venous vasculitis in the cavernous sinus region; chronic cluster headache we attribute to permanent post‐inflammatory sympathicoplegia in the middle fossa.
Hypothesis: Serotonin‐1C Receptor Activation in Migraine: An Alternative Point of View With Therapeutic Implication
Authors: Spierings Egilius L.H. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISBrewerton's observation that meta‐chlorophenylpiperazine, the major metabolite of trazodone, with high affinity and intrinsic activity for the serotonin‐1C receptor precipitates migraine headaches in subjects with a personal and/or family history of migraine, prompted Fozard and Gray to postulate that activation of serotonin‐1C receptors plays a significant role in the initiation of the attack. Little note was taken, however, of the significant delay between administration of meta‐chlorophenylpiperazine and the onset of the headaches. This delay prompts another hypothesis, that the vasoconstrictive action of this substance, as it wears off leads to rebound vasodilation, precipitating migraine. Under this hypothesis, specific sero‐tonin‐1C receptor activation is not a necessary condition for the genesis of the migraine attack. As a practical corollary, the vasoconstrictive effect of meta‐chlorophenylpiperazine may have therapeutic potential.
Sustained Visual Aura: A Totally New Variation of Migraine
Authors: Luda E. , Bo E. , Sicuro L. , Comitangelo R. , Campana M. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISAn unusual case of an abnormally long‐lasting (over 12 months) visual migraine aura is reported. Theabsence of signs of a structural lesion, as shown by neuro‐imaging and clinical investigations, make difficultthe differential diagnosis between a new variation and a complication of migraine.
Headaches and Psychoactive Substance Use
Authors: EI‐Mallakh Rif S. , Kranzler Henry R. , Kamanitz Joyce R. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISA number of clinical reports have revealed an association between the use of alcohol and drugs and theonset or exacerbation of headaches. In order to investigate this association systematically and to examinethe temporal relationship between onset of headaches and psychoactive substance use, we analyzedresponses to e self‐report questionnaire from 267 consecutive admissions to a three‐week inpatientsubstance abuse treatment program. The response rate was 89.7%. The following characteristics werenoted in the 236 respondents: 1) Over 89% reported having experienced some type of headache. 2)Headache‐free individuals were significantly older than headache sufferers. 3) Women were much morelikely to have migraine headaches than men. 4) Onset of migraines occurred prior to onset of substanceuse, while onset of tension headaches occurred after onset of substance use. Although associational datamust be interpreted with caution, an intriguing hypothesis compatible with the finding is that migrainesmay play a role in the genesis of substance use, while substance use may play a role in the genesis oftension headaches.
Vascular Reactivity During Migraine Attacks: A Transcranial Doppler Study
Authors: Zwetsloot C.P. , Caekebeke J.F.V. , Odink J. , Ferrari M.D. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISWe measured vascular reactivity ‐ expressed i) as decrease in blood flow velocity (cm/sec) per vol% CO2decrease due to voluntary hyperventilation and ii) as increase of blood flow velocity during the first minuteafter resuming normal ventilation, per vol% CO2 increase ‐ in the middle cerebral and basilar artery of 48migraineurs with attacks without aura, and 17 normal controls. We found no differences for bothdeterminants of vascular reactivity between migraineurs during and outside an attack, and betweenmigraineurs and healthy volunteers. We conclude that the vasomotor reactivity is normal during migraineattacks without aura.
Benign Intracranial Hypertension ‐ Its Unusual Manifestations
Authors: Chari Chitra , Rao Nagbhushan S. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISAmong our patients with benign intracranial hypertension, we encountered 3 who presented withunusual clinical features. Presentations were pseudotumor without papilledema, unilateral papilledema,and IIIrd and Vth cranial nerve involvement. Lumbo‐peritoneal shunt completely resolved the symptomsand signs in 2 of the patients; in the third, symptoms and signs cleared following lumbar puncture.
The Use of Exercise as a Method of Aborting Migraine
Authors: Darling Mary 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISExercise, as a method of migraine management has been discussed theoretically and tested empirically.The consensus is that exercise can help to reduce the frequency, intensity and/or duration of migraineattacks. Conversely, there are case studies which, with few exceptions, suggest that periods of exercisecan precipitate a migraine headache. The literature concurs, however, that one should not attempt exercisewhen in the midst of an attack. The present article presents a case study of a woman who found promptrelief from her migraines with strenuous exercise.
Flunarizine Versus Metoprolol in Migraine Prophylaxis: A Double‐Blind, Randomized Parallel Group Study of Efficacy and Tolerability
Authors: Sørensen P. Soelberg , Larsen B.H. , Rasmussen M.J.K. , Kinge E. , Iversen H. , Alslev T. , Nøhr P. , Pedersen K.K. , Schrøder P. , Lademann A. , Olesen J. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISThe prophylactic effect of flunarizine and metoprolol was studied in a multi‐center randomized, double‐blind trial of 149 patients with migraine with or without aura. After a 4‐week placebo run‐in period, patients were randomly allocated to treatment with flunarizine 10 mg daily or metoprolol 200 mg daily for 16 weeks (parallel group design). Both drugs reduced the number of migraine days per month by 37% (95% confidence interval 21–53%) compared with the placebo run‐in period. All efficacy parameters were significantly reduced by both drugs and no significant difference was found between the two drugs at any time of the treatment period. However, calculation of the 95% confidence limits showed that each drug may have a superiority of more than 100% on a single main effect parameter. The most common adverse experiences were day‐time sedation (both drugs) and weight gain (flunarizine). Depression was the most serious side‐effect occurring in 8% on flunarizine and 3% on metoprolol. We conclude that both drugs are effective in the prevention of migraine attacks but a higher number of dropouts occurred on flunarizine because of depression or weight gain.
Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Migraine
Authors: Iñiguez C , Pascual C. , Pardo A. , Martinez‐Castrillo J.C. , Alvarez‐Cermeño J.C. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISWe studied the presence of serum antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) in 35 patients with migraine and 75 controls. None of the controls showed APA, while we found these antibodies in five patients out of the 35 studied (p=0.003). The clinical features of migraineurs with APA were similar to those of patients without them. After a follow‐up of one to two years, no patient suffered any neurological complications or developed any clinical features that would suggest the presence of autoimmune disease. Our results suggest that APA are not prominent in the pathogenesis of migraine attacks, or significant in the course of otherwise healthy migraine patients.
Migraine in Nigerian Children ‐ a Study of 51 Patients
Authors: Okogbo Michael E. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISThis study was undertaken to determine the profile of migraine in Nigerian children, as earlier reports on migraine from Africa dealt mostly with the adult population. Migraine constituted 5.7% of all new referrals seen in the Child Neurology Clinic over a 44 month period. The overall profile is not different from that reported for other racial groups. Haemoglobin AS was found to be more frequent among children with migraine than in the general population, although this difference did not attain statistical significance. Childhood migraine is probably commoner than this study indicates. This may be partly due to the fact that practitioners in the less developed countries have to deal with the more pressing problems of malnutrition, infections, chronic motor handicaps, mental retardation and epilepsy.