bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting mammographic density with linear ultrasound transducers
Authors: Behrens Annika , Fasching Peter A. , Schwenke Eva , Gass Paul , Häberle Lothar , Heindl Felix , Heusinger Katharina , Lotz Laura , Lubrich Hannah , Preuß Caroline , Schneider Michael O. , Schulz-Wendtland Rüdiger , Stumpfe Florian M. , Uder Michael , Wunderle Marius , Zahn Anna L. , Hack Carolin C. , Beckmann Matthias W. , Emons Julius 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
High mammographic density (MD) is a risk factor for the development of breast cancer (BC). Changes in MD are influenced by multiple factors such as age, BMI, number of full-term pregnancies and lactating periods. To learn more about MD, it is important to establish non-radiation-based, alternative examination methods to mammography such as ultrasound assessments.

Methods
We analyzed data from 168 patients who underwent standard-of-care mammography and performed additional ultrasound assessment of the breast using a high-frequency (12 MHz) linear probe of the VOLUSON® 730 Expert system (GE Medical Systems Kretztechnik GmbH & Co OHG, Austria). Gray level bins were calculated from ultrasound images to characterize mammographic density. Percentage mammographic density (PMD) was predicted by gray level bins using various regression models.

Results
Gray level bins and PMD correlated to a certain extent. Spearman’s ρ ranged from − 0.18 to 0.32. The random forest model turned out to be the most accurate prediction model (cross-validated R2, 0.255). Overall, ultrasound images from the VOLUSON® 730 Expert device in this study showed limited predictive power for PMD when correlated with the corresponding mammograms.

Conclusions
In our present work, no reliable prediction of PMD using ultrasound imaging could be observed. As previous studies showed a reasonable correlation, predictive power seems to be highly dependent on the device used. Identifying feasible non-radiation imaging methods of the breast and their predictive power remains an important topic and warrants further evaluation.
Trial registration 325-19 B (Ethics Committee of the medical faculty at Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany).
The critical role of platelet in cancer progression and metastasis
Authors: Zhou Lin , Zhang Zhe , Tian Yizhou , Li Zefei , Liu Zhongliang , Zhu Sibo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPlatelets play a crucial role in cancer blood metastasis. Various cancer-related factors such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or extracellular matrix (ECM) can activate these small particles that function in hemostasis and thrombosis. Moreover, platelets induce Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) to promote cancer progression and invasiveness. The activated platelets protect circulating tumor cells from immune surveillance and anoikis. They also mediate tumor cell arrest, extravasation and angiogenesis in distant organs through direct or indirect modulation, creating a metastatic microenvironment. This review summarizes the recent advances and progress of mechanisms in platelet activation and its interaction with cancer cells in metastasis.
Serum neurofilament light chain in COVID-19 and the influence of renal function
Authors: Körtvelyessy Peter , Diekämper Elena , Ruprecht Klemens , Endres Matthias , Stubbemann Paula , Kurth Florian , Graw Jan Adriaan , Menk Mario , Kuhle Jens , Wohlrab Felix 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCOVID-19 is associated with various neurological symptoms. Serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) is a robust marker for neuroaxonal injury. Recent studies have shown that elevated levels of sNfL are associated with unfavorable outcome in COVID-19 patients. However, neuroaxonal injury is rare in COVID-19, and renal dysfunction and hypoxia, both of which are known in severe COVID-19, can also increase sNfL levels. Thus, the meaning and mechanisms of sNfL elevation in COVID-19 patients remain unclear. We evaluated sNfL levels in 48 patients with COVID-19 (mean age = 63 years) and correlated them to clinical outcome, the form of oxygen therapy, and creatinine. Levels of sNfL were age adjusted and compared with normal values and z-scores. COVID-19 patients treated with nasal cannula had normal sNfL levels (mean sNfL = 19.6 pg/ml) as well as patients with high-flow treatment (mean sNfL = 40.8 pg/ml). Serum NfL levels were statistically significantly higher in COVID-19 patients treated with mechanical ventilation on intensive care unit (ICU) (mean sNfL = 195.7 pg/ml, p < 0.01). There was a strong correlation between sNfL elevation and unfavorable outcome in COVID-19 patients (p < 0.01). However, serum creatinine levels correlated directly and similarly with sNfL elevation and with unfavorable outcome in COVID-19 patients (p < 0.01). Additionally, multivariate analysis for serum creatinine and sNfL showed that both variables are jointly associated with clinical outcomes. Our results identify renal dysfunction as an important possible confounder for sNfL elevation in COVID-19. Thus, serum creatinine and renal dysfunction should be strongly considered in studies evaluating sNfL as a biomarker in COVID-19.
Cross-modality representation learning from transformer for hashtag prediction
Authors: Khalil Mian Muhammad Yasir , Wang Qingxian , Chen Bo , Wang Weidong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHashtags are the keywords that describe the theme of social media content and have become very popular in influence marketing and trending topics. In recent years, hashtag prediction has become a hot topic in AI research to help users with automatic hashtag recommendations by capturing the theme of the post. Most of the previous work mainly focused only on textual information, but many microblog posts contain not only text but also the corresponding images. This work explores both image-text features of the microblog post. Inspired by the self-attention mechanism of the transformer in natural language processing, the visual-linguistics pre-train model with transfer learning also outperforms many downstream tasks that require image and text inputs. However, most of the existing models for multimodal hashtag recommendation are based on the traditional co-attention mechanism. This paper investigates the cross-modality transformer LXMERT for multimodal hashtag prediction for developing LXMERT4Hashtag, a cross-modality representation learning transformer model for hashtag prediction. It is a large-scale transformer model that consists of three encoders: a language encoder, an object encoder, and a cross-modality encoder. We evaluate the presented approach on dataset InstaNY100K. Experimental results show that our model is competitive and achieves impressive results, including precision of 50.5% vs 46.12%, recall of 44.02% vs 38.93%, and F1-score of 47.04% vs 42.22% compared to the existing state-of-the-art baseline model.
Urinary creatinine concentration and urine color as indicators of specimen validity test
Authors: Park Jaehyeong , Kwon Nam Hee , Kim Seon Yeong , Ko Beom Jun , Kim Jin Young 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, the concentration of urinary creatinine (Cr) and urine color were analyzed, and a correlation obtained, to objectively verify normal urine samples prior to forensic drug testing. Cr was analyzed via a colorimetric method based on the Jaffé reaction using a Cobas C-311 analyzer (Roche SA, Basel, Switzerland; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan). The Cr concentration for urine specimen validity testing was measured to screen urine samples submitted after dilution or upon the addition of a foreign substance that interferes with drug testing. Urine samples containing < 20 mg/dL of Cr were classified as abnormal. The Korea Standard Color Analysis program was used for urine color analysis and correlations with Cr concentration analyzed. The color and Cr concentration of 271 urine samples were analyzed according to age and sex. The mean ± standard deviation of Cr concentration in males and females was 136.4 ± 66.2 mg/dL and 109.5 ± 71.1 mg/dL, respectively, with a statistically insignificant difference (p = 0.4554). Furthermore, the participants were categorized into young (19–34 years), middle-aged (35–49 years), and elderly (≥ 50 years) groups to compare Cr concentration; however, no significant difference was found (p = 0.2143–0.983). Strong variable correlations were identified between Cr and the characteristics of urine color. Despite various factors such as water consumption, health problems, and vitamins, urine color was found applicable for urine specimen validity testing. Future plans include the development of a smartphone camera application for use in urine color analysis to identify abnormal urine samples.
Effect of Tai Chi on Young Adults with Subthreshold Depression via a Stress–Reward Complex: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wu Jingsong , Song Jian , He Youze , Li Zhaoying , Deng Haiyin , Huang Zhenming , Xie Xiaoting , Wong Nichol M. L. , Tao Jing , Lee Tatia M. C. , Chan Chetwyn C. H. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Subthreshold depression is a highly prevalent mood disorder in young adults. Mind–body exercises, such as Tai Chi, have been adopted as interventions for clinical depressive symptoms. However, the possible effect and underlying mechanism of Tai Chi on subthreshold depression of young individuals remain unclear. This randomized controlled study aimed to evaluate the effects of Tai Chi training and tested the combined stress and reward circuitry model for subthreshold depression.

Results
A total of 103 participants completed this trial, with 49 in the 12-week 24-style Tai Chi group and 54 participants in control group. Our results showed significantly lower scores on depressive symptoms (P = 0.002) and anxiety symptoms (P = 0.009) and higher scores on quality of life (P = 0.002) after Tai Chi training. There were significant reductions in salivary cortisol levels (P = 0.007) and putamen gray matter volume (P < 0.001) in the Tai Chi group. The changes in cortisol levels and putamen gray matter volume had direct (bootstrapping confidence interval [− 0.91, − 0.11]) and indirect effects (bootstrapping confidence interval [− 0.65, − 0.19]) on the changes induced by Tai Chi training on depressive symptoms, respectively.

Conclusion
The stress–reward complex results indicated an interaction between lowering stress levels and increasing reward circuitry activity associated with the alleviation of depressive symptoms among participants. The 12-week Tai Chi training was effective in improving the symptoms and quality of life of young adults with subthreshold depression.
Trial Registration Chinese Registry of Clinical Trials (Registration Number: ChiCTR1900028289, Registered December 12, 2019).
Dietary total antioxidant capacity is associated with lower disease severity and inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Amirkhizi Farshad , Hamedi-Shahraki Soudabeh , Rahimlou Mehran 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
This study was designed to evaluate the association between dietary total antioxidant capacity and clinical and biochemical variables in patients with osteoarthritis.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 160 patients with mild-to-moderate knee osteoarthritis. The Likert version of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC Index) was used to assess the severity of clinical symptoms in patients with knee osteoarthritis. The secondary outcomes included inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. The participants' usual diets were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and the dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was calculated based on the ferric reducing antioxidant power method. Additionally, clinical and biochemical variables were evaluated using standard methods.

Results
The mean age of the participants was 57.2 ± 8.1 years, and 55.6% of them were females. The dietary TAC scores in this study ranged from 3.67 to 24.72, with a mean of 12.05 ± 5.3. We found a significant inverse trend between the dietary TAC score and the total Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) score (P = 0.001), as well as the WOMAC stiffness (P = 0.008) and WOMAC physical function scores (P = 0.001). Furthermore, dietary TAC was inversely associated with serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) (β = − 0.18, P = 0.020), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (β = − 0.67, P < 0.001), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) (β = − 0.33, P < 0.001), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) (β = − 0.22, P = 0.005) levels.

Conclusion
The results of this study demonstrate an inverse association between dietary total antioxidant capacity and clinical and biochemical variables in patients with osteoarthritis.
Pericardial effusions and cardiac tamponade in hospitalized systemic sclerosis patients: analysis of the national inpatient sample
Authors: Basyal Bikash , Ullah Waqas , Derk Chris T. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Clinically significant pericardial effusions and cardiac tamponade in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients is uncommon and the factors that contribute to progression of pericardial involvement in SSc patients have not been well established.

Methods
A review of the national inpatient sample database was performed looking SSc related hospitalizations between 2002 and 2019. Data was collected on patients with pericardial effusions and cardiac tamponade and analyzed to identify and describe patient characteristics and comorbidities.

Results
Out of a total of 523,410 SSc hospitalizations, with an overall inpatient mortality rate of 4.7% (24,764 patients), pericardial effusion was identified in 3.1% of all hospitalizations (16,141 patients) out of which 0.2% (838 patients) had a diagnosis of cardiac tamponade. Patients with pericardial effusion were significantly more likely to have pulmonary circulatory disease (p = < 0.0001), congestive heart failure (p = < 0.0001) end stage renal disease (p = < 0.0001), diabetes (p = 0.015), and hypothyroidism (p = 0.025). Patients with cardiac tamponade were significantly more likely to have a history of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (p = 0.001) or atrial fibrillation (p = < 0.0001). Hospitalized patients with cardiac tamponade had a significantly increased mortality rate of 17.7% compared to 8.8% in patients with pericardial effusions without a tamponade physiology, with an odds ratio of 2.3 (1.97–2.86), p = < 0.0001.

Conclusion
Pericardial effusion and tamponade are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in SSc patients. Further studies are required to explore the role of patient comorbidities and characteristics in development into pericardial effusions or tamponade.
Implementing Nanovesicles for Boosting the Skin Permeation of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
Authors: Abdelbari Manar Adel , Elshafeey Ahmed Hassen , Abdelbary Aly Ahmed , Mosallam Shaimaa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe consumption of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have increased lately around the world, as they are considered essential and popular drugs for effective reduction of pain and inflammation. They have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities; also, it was reported recently that they protect against various critical disorders like heart attacks and cancer. However, oral use of NSAIDs may cause several pulmonary, gastrointestinal, hepatic, cardiovascular, cerebral, and renal complications. Therefore, topical NSAIDs were recommended as a substitute to oral NSAIDs for the treatment of inflammation and pain. Still, the skin permeation of NSAIDs is considered a challenge, as the skin have an effective barrier function. Therefore, this review investigates various advanced vesicular nanocarriers and their applications through the skin, to augment the topical delivery of NSAIDs through stratum corneum over the conventional systems, enhance their effectiveness, and reduce the unwanted side effects. These innovative systems can manage bioavailability, solubility, stability, safety, and efficacy issues present in conventional systems.
Chemokine-like Orion is involved in the transformation of glial cells into phagocytes in different developmental neuronal remodeling paradigms
Authors: Perron Clarisse , Carme Pascal , Rosell Arnau Llobet , Minnaert Eva , Ruiz-Demoulin Salomé , Szczkowski Héloïse , Neukomm Lukas Jakob , Dura Jean-Maurice , Boulanger Ana 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
During animal development, neurons often form exuberant or inappropriate axons and dendrites at early stages, followed by the refinement of neuronal circuits at late stages. Neural circuit refinement leads to the production of neuronal debris in the form of neuronal cell corpses, fragmented axons and dendrites, and pruned synapses requiring disposal. Glial cells act as predominant phagocytes during neuronal remodeling and degeneration, and crucial signaling pathways between neurons and glia are necessary for the execution of phagocytosis. Chemokine-like mushroom body neuron-secreted Orion is essential for astrocyte infiltration into the γ axon bundle leading to γ axon pruning. Here, we show a role of Orion in debris engulfment and phagocytosis in Drosophila. Interestingly, Orion is involved in the overall transformation of astrocytes into phagocytes. In addition, analysis of several neuronal paradigms demonstrates the role of Orion in eliminating both peptidergic vCrz+ and PDF-Tri neurons via additional phagocytic glial cells like cortex and/or ensheathing glia. Our results suggest that Orion is essential for phagocytic activation of astrocytes, cortex and ensheathing glia, and point to Orion as a trigger of glial infiltration, engulfment and phagocytosis.
The CCR4–NOT complex suppresses untimely translational activation of maternal mRNAs
Authors: Soeda Shou , Oyama Masaaki , Kozuka-Hata Hiroko , Yamamoto Tadashi 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Control of mRNA poly(A) tails is essential for regulation of mRNA metabolism, specifically translation efficiency and mRNA stability. Gene expression in maturing oocytes relies largely on post-transcriptional regulation, as genes are transcriptionally silent during oocyte maturation. The CCR4–NOT complex is a major mammalian deadenylase, which regulates poly(A) tails of maternal mRNAs; however, the function of the CCR4–NOT complex in translational regulation has not been well understood. Here, we show that this complex suppresses translational activity of maternal mRNAs during oocyte maturation. Oocytes lacking all CCR4–NOT deadenylase activity owing to genetic deletion of its catalytic subunits, Cnot7 and Cnot8, showed a large-scale gene expression change caused by increased translational activity during oocyte maturation. Developmental arrest during meiosis I in these oocytes resulted in sterility of oocyte-specific Cnot7 and Cnot8 knockout female mice. We further showed that recruitment of CCR4–NOT to maternal mRNAs is mediated by the 3′UTR element CPE, which suppresses translational activation of maternal mRNAs. We propose that suppression of untimely translational activation of maternal mRNAs via deadenylation by CCR4–NOT is essential for proper oocyte maturation.
Hydration and evaporative water loss of lizards change in response to temperature and humidity acclimation
Authors: Weaver Savannah J. , McIntyre Tess , van Rossum Taylor , Telemeco Rory S. , Taylor Emily N. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTTesting acclimation plasticity informs our understanding of organismal physiology and applies to conservation management amidst our rapidly changing climate. Although there is a wealth of research on the plasticity of thermal and hydric physiology in response to temperature acclimation, there is a comparative gap for research on acclimation to different hydric regimes, as well as the interaction between water and temperature. We sought to fill this gap by acclimating western fence lizards (Sceloporus occidentalis) to experimental climate conditions (crossed design of hot or cool, dry or humid) for 8 days, and measuring cutaneous evaporative water loss (CEWL), plasma osmolality, hematocrit and body mass before and after acclimation. CEWL changed plastically in response to the different climates, with lizards acclimated to hot humid conditions experiencing the greatest increase in CEWL. Change in CEWL among individuals was negatively related to treatment vapor pressure deficit and positively related to treatment water vapor pressure. Plasma osmolality, hematocrit and body mass all showed greater changes in response to temperature than to humidity or vapor pressure deficit. CEWL and plasma osmolality were positively related across treatment groups before acclimation and within treatment groups after acclimation, but the two variables showed different responses to acclimation, suggesting that they are interrelated but governed by different mechanisms. This study is among few that assess more than one metric of hydric physiology and that test the interactive effects of temperature and humidity. Such measurements will be essential for predictive models of activity and survival for animals under climate change.
A Metasomatic Neural Photoreceptor in the Scorpion
Authors: Geethabali  , Rao Kandula Pampapathi 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
There are extraocular photoreceptors in the metasoma of different species of the scorpion Heterometrus (H. fulvipes var. I, H. fulvipes var. II and H. gravimanus). The relative sensitivity of the different parts of the metasoma differs in the different species of Heterometrus studied. The telsonic nerves, although sensitive to light, are not solely responsible for the extraocular perception of light, and cutting of the telsonic nerves does not abolish the response in any of the species of Heterometrus used. With increase in the intensity of light stimulus the latency of response decreases and the impulse frequency increases in the responding units; and a greater number of units are excited. With prolonged exposure of the receptors to light some units become adapted, and the rate of adaptation is different in the telsonic response as compared to the ganglionic response in H. gravimanus. Spectral sensitivity is the same in the different species of Heterometrus tested, and the peak response is obtained at 568 nm with a smaller peak at 440 nm.