bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A method of infrared multi small target detection based on MMNet
Authors: zhou Bing , Lu Bei , Zhang Zhigang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In practical scenarios, as the infrared detection range shrinks, the size of infrared small targets will dynamically increase, and commonly used infrared small target detection and tracking algorithms will not be able to continue to detect and track them stably. The MMNet (Multi task Matching Network) method is proposed to address the above questions. Firstly, a lightweight fully convolutional neural network based on codec architecture was designed to segment infrared images, achieve background suppression and target enhancement; Then, utilizing the significant features of infrared small targets to further suppress false alarms; Finally, an adaptive threshold method is used to separate small targets. In the network structure, multiple lower sampling layers are introduced to reduce computation and increase receptive fields. The testing of real infrared images shows that this algorithm outperforms typical infrared small target detection algorithms in terms of detection rate, false alarm rate, and operation time, and is suitable for infrared small target detection in complex backgrounds. For unreliable tracking results, a Kalman filter is used to predict the target position. The experimental results on the LSOTB-TIR (Large Scale Thermal Infrared Object Tracking Benchmark) infrared dataset show that the improved algorithm has better performance, with tracking accuracy and success rate improved by 5.7% and 4.2% respectively compared to MMNet.
Efficacy of Povidone-Iodine Nasal Rinse and Mouth Wash in COVID-19 Management: A Prospective, Randomized Pilot Clinical Trial (Povidone-Iodine in COVID-19 Management)
Authors: Alsaleh Saad , Alhussien Ahmed , Alyamani Abduljabbar , Alhussain Fahad , Alhijji Ali , Binkhamis Khalifa , Khan Anas , Javer Amin , Al-Shahrani Fatimah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objectives/Hypothesis: To assess the efficacy of 0.23% povidone-iodine (PVP-I) nasal rinses and mouth washes on detectability of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus and cycle threshold (Ct) values in nasopharyngeal swabs.
Study Design: This was an open-label, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Setting: The study was conducted in King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from August 2021 to July 2022.
Methods: Participants diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 were randomly assigned to one of three groups, with participants receiving either 0.23% PVP-I, 0.9% normal saline (NS) nasal rinses and mouth washes, or no intervention (control group). Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken 4, 8, 12, and 18 days after the first swab to measure the detectability of the virus and the Ct.
Results: A total of 19 participants were involved in this study. The mean viral survival was 9.8, 12, and 12.6 days for the PVP-I, NS, and control groups, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.046). The Ct mean values were 23 ± 3.4, 23.5 ± 6.3, and 26.3 ± 5.9 at the time of recruitment and 25.2 ± 3.5, 15 ± 11.7, and 26.9 ± 6.4 after 4 days for the PVP-I, NS, and control groups, respectively.
Conclusions: When used continuously at a concentration of 0.23%, PVP-I showed promising results in terms of decreasing the pandemic burden by reducing the period of infectiousness and viral load. However, the use of PVP-I did not result in significantly different changes in the quality-of-life parameters in recently vaccinated and mild COVID-19 patients.
The evolution and profile of AA10 lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase coupled with cellulose decomposition in different composting microenvironments
Authors: Qin Xiaoya , Chen Xiaojing , Li Qunliang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this study, the potential function of AA10 lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO) was explored in different composting system, including sludge/hay (SD/HY), pig manure/cane marrow (PM/CM), and dairy manure/cane marrow (DM/CM) by metagenomic. The results indicated that the abundance of AA10 LPMO varied in different microenvironments, and its abundance was highest in DM/CM. Meanwhile, cellulose was better degraded by DM/CM. Furthermore, AA10 LPMO was mainly produced by microbial communities such as Streptomyces and Nonomuraea. Finally, mantel test further confirmed that the degradation of cellulose by AA10 LPMO in different composting microenvironments. These findings would provide a reference for further research on the potential application of this enzyme and waste degradation.
From identification of cause to solution: determinants of Mental Health Promotion in the workplace to reduce stress among health care workers based on the perceptions of employees and superiors
Authors: Zeinolabedini Masoume , Heidarnia Alireza , Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeil , Shakerinejad Ghodratollah , Zeidi Isa Mohammadi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Workplace stress among health care workers (HCWs) is increasing due to the development of health services and occupational sensitivity. The aim of the study was to identify the determinants of mental health promotion in the workplace and provide a conceptual framework to reduce stress among HCWs, based on the perceptions of employees and superiors.
Methods
Findings were the result of semi-structured interviews and focus groups with HCWs working in primary health care centers and superiors. Data analysis was done using the approach of inductive and deductive content analysis. For this study, the Precede-Proceed model and the Job Demands-Resource (JD-R) model were used.
Results
After analysis, it was found that workplace stress has environmental and individual origins. In addition, predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors are important as facilitating and effective factors in reducing the stress of the workplace. Finally, in order to create change and interventions, it is necessary to develop policies to deal with stress in the workplace and develop stress coping techniques.
Conclusion
Overall, we found that workplace stress has multiple and interrelated dimensions. In other words, the comprehensive framework extracted from this research has individual, social, organizational and educational approaches about workplace stress. Therefore, it can be a useful guide to carry out effective interventions in stressful jobs, especially HCWs.
Implementing immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery at Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust
Authors: Maling Sarah , king Christopher , Botcherby Edward , Adams Mike 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background/Objectives:
Immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) is a relatively new approach to bilateral cataract surgery that can be offered under NICE guidelines 2017. Although increasingly popular only 0.5% of cataract operations are performed nationally using this approach. We redesigned our service to routinely offer ISBCS and are now one of the leading NHS providers of ISBCS in the UK. We audited our cataract operations for 2022 and report here our initial experiences with ISBCS.
Subjects/Methods:
We redesigned our cataract service to routinely offer ISBCS on the NHS. We audited all cataract operations performed in calendar year 2022.
Results
We performed 4652 NHS cataract operations including 498 (10.7%) operations on 298 patients using the ISBCS approach. Trainee surgeons performed 32.5% of these cases. There were two intraoperative complications. One was a suspected suprachoroidal haemorrhage and the other was a posterior capsular rupture post lens implantation. Post-operatively there was one case of retinal detachment requiring vitrectomy following uncomplicated ISBCS surgery and five cases or Irvine-Gass syndrome that were managed medically.
Conclusions
From this data ISBCS does not pose a greater risk to patients in terms of complications. Allowing trainees to operate on ISBCS cases improves the trainee experience. With appropriate pre-operative counselling, patients listed for unilateral surgery can be upgraded to ISBCS on the day of operation to fully utilise theatre capacity. Patients listed for ISBCS can also be downgraded to unilateral surgery on the day of operation when surgeons need time to deal with complications safely.
Imazalil and prochloraz toxicokinetics in fish probed by a physiologically based kinetic (PBK) model
Authors: LY Tu-Ky , De Oliveira Julie , Chadili Edith , Menach Karyn Le , Budzinski Hélène , James Alice , Hinfray Nathalie , Beaudouin Remy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Azole fungicides are highly suspected endocrine disruptors (ED) and are frequently detected in surface water. Among them, there are prochloraz (PCZ), a reference molecule and imazalil (IMZ), a highly suspected ED. Little is known about their toxicokinetic (TK) behavior in fish. Hence, research suggested that an improved risk assessment could be achieved by gaining insight into their TK behavior. The aim of this study is to understand and model the TK of both substances in different fish species. Two experiences on zebrafish exposed to IMZ and PCZ were performed to address the lack of in vivo TK data. A physiologically based kinetic (PBK) model applied to IMZ and PCZ was developed, capable to model different exposure scenario. The parameters of the PBK model were simultaneously calibrated on datasets reporting internal concentration in several organs in three fish species (original and literature datasets) by Bayesian methods (Monte Carlo Markov Chain). Model predictions were then compared to other experimental data (i.e. excluded from the calibration step) to assess the predictive performance of the model. The results strongly suggest that PCZ and IMZ are actively transported across the gills, resulting in a small fraction being effectively absorbed by the fish. The model’s results also confirms that both molecules are extensively metabolized by the liver into mainly glucuronate conjugates. Overall, the model performances were satisfying, predicting internal concentrations in several key organs. On average, 90% of experimental data were predicted within a two-fold range. The PBK model allows the understanding of IMZ and PCZ kinetics profiles by accurately predicting internal concentrations in three different fish species regardless of the exposure scenario. This enables a proper understanding of the mechanism of action of EDs at the molecular initiating event (MIE) by predicting bioaccumulation in target organs, thus linking this MIE to a possible adverse outcome.
Is chorioamnionitis the cause of the spontaneous fetomaternal hemorrhage?
Authors: Feng Chuan-Shou , Li Shu-Fen , Ju Hui-Hui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background Fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) is a rare and serious pregnancy event, but the risk factors and pathogenesis of FMH are still unclear.
Case presentation This paper reports three cases of fetomaternal hemorrhage with unexplained reasons. The three cases required emergency caesarean sections for non-reassuring fetal status and were treated with neonatal blood transfusion. Fetomaternal hemorrhage was confirmed via maternal Kleihauer-Betke test.
Conclusion We found that reduced fetal movements, the sinusoidal model and increased MCA-PSV may be important indicators for early diagnosis of fetomaternal hemorrhage, and chorioamnionitismay be one of the causes of spontaneous fetomaternal hemorrhage.
m6A modified lncRNA WAKMAR2 induces intestinal inflammation through an allele-specific RNA methylation dependent splicing mechanism
Authors: Castellanos-Rubio Ainara , Rojas-Marquez Henar , Olazagoitia-Garmendia Ane , Mendoza-Gomez Luis , Bujanda Luis , Huerta Alain , Santin Izortze 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the intestine that develops in genetically susceptible individuals and which etiology remains unknown. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as tissue-specific regulators of inflammation. In addition, m6A methylation modulates gene expression in an allele-specific manner, particularly in the context of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Here, we describe the molecular anti-inflammatory mechanism of the lncRNA WAKMAR2 in intestinal epithelial cells. WAKMAR2 undergoes allele-specific m6A methylation, altering the binding of NOVA1 protein and reducing the expression of WAKMAR2 long isoform which ultimately enables NF-κB activation and downstream CXCL8 induction. The correlation between longWAKMAR2 and CXCL8 levels in intestinal inflammation was confirmed using human biopsy samples from intestinal inflammatory bowel disease patients and controls. Moreover, augmenting longWAKMAR2 ex vivo using an organ culture intestinal system resulted in an amelioration of inflammation. These data point to an involvement of WAKMAR2 in the induction CXCL8 in intestinal epithelial cells and in the development of IBD characteristic intestinal inflammation, explaining genetic susceptibility and providing a novel potential target for therapeutic interventions.
Prevalence of human intestinal parasitic infections and associated risk factors at Lay Armachiho District Tikildingay town health center, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: YOHANNES TILAHUN , Alemu Tiruye 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Human intestinal parasitic infections are caused by intestinal parasitic species broadly categorized in to helminthes and protozoa and prevalent worldwide, mainly, in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of human intestinal parasitic infections (HIPIs) and associated risk factors at Tikildingay town health center. The socio-demographic and risk factors data were collected using organized self-administers questionnaires, and stool sample was diagnosed to determine the prevalence. The data were entered with EPI Info version 7 and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Among 404 total participants in the study 181 (44.8%) were males and 223 (55.2%) were female. The overall prevalence of HIPIs was 36.63% (148/404). Five intestinal parasitic species were identified, among these, the most predominant parasite was E. histolytica/diaper (18.56%) followed by G. lamblia (11.39%), Hookworm (5.1%), A. lumbricoides (0.99) and S. mansoni (0.5%). Out of the total infection cases in the study area, 50.68% of the infection cases were caused by E. histolytica. Those who have no hand washing habit before meal are 22.709 times more infected than those who always wash their hand (CI = 1.771, 291.112 and at p-value 0.05). In general, to prevent the HIPIs improving health service and pure water supply; as well as creating awareness to the community about personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, proper waste disposal, transmissions and prevention ways are mandatory.
Development of a Competitive ELISA based on the LSDV A33 antigen
Authors: Chen Guohua , He Xiaobing , Gao Zhenzhen , Fang Yongxiang , Jia Huaijie , Tan Jinlong , zhou Guangqin , Fu Baoquan , Li Weike , Jing Zhizhong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Goatpoxvirus (GTPV), sheeppoxvius (SPPV), and the Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a Capripoxvirus belonging to the family poxviridae .They can cause significant economic losses in countries where these disease are endemic. However, effective and convenient diagnostic tools against sera antibody are not readily available until now. Toward this goal, a polyclonal antibody competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) of detecting serogroup-specific antibody is established based on major LSDV antigen A33 .
Serum samples (n=605) were collected to optimize the c-ELISA from different areas. The cut-off value for the c-ELISA was estimate using percent inhibition (PI) values. The diagnostic performance of test including sensitivity (sn) and specificity (sp) were obtained by receive operator characteristic (ROC) analysis. Among these analysis, >57.61% PI value was accepted as cut-off of the c-ELISA, the diagnostic sn an diagnostic sp were reached to 96.4% and 98.5%, at >95% confidence interval. These results show that the developed competitive ELISA is sensitive, specific, and reliable, which make it appropriate for serological investigation.
A nomogram for predicting lymphovascular invasion in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Kai , Lin Miaomaio , Zhao Xiang , Lin Huashan , Huang Haipeng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Backgroud
Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is histological factor that is closely related to prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LAC).The primary aim was to investigate the value of a nomogram incorporating clinical and computed tomography (CT) factors to predict LVI in LAC.
Methods
A total of 450 patients with LAC were retrospectively enrolled. Clinical data and CT features were analyzed to identify independent predictors of LVI. A nomogram incorporating the independent predictors of LVI was built. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated by assessing its discriminative ability and clinical utility.
Results
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, maximum tumor diameter, spiculation, and vacuole sign were independent predictors of LVI. The LVI prediction nomogram showed good discrimination in the training set [area under the curve (AUC), 0.800] and the test set (AUC, 0.790).
Conclusions
The nomogram developed in this study can predict the risk of LVI in LAC patients, facilitate individualized risk-stratification, and help inform treatment decision-making.
The Impact of Russia-Ukraine geopolitical conflict on the air quality and toxicological properties of ambient PM2.5 in Milan, Italy.
Authors: Aghaei Yashar , Badami Mohammad Mahdi , Tohidi Ramin , Sioutas Constantinos , Subramanian Ganesh , Verma Vishal , Boffi Roberto , Borgini Alessandro , De Marco Cinzia , Contiero Paolo , Ruprecht Ario Alberto , Chatila Talal 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The geopolitical conflict between Russia and Ukraine has disrupted Europe's natural gas supplies, driving up gas prices and leading to a shift towards biomass for residential heating during colder months. This study assessed the consequent air quality and toxicological impacts in Milan, Italy, focusing on fine particulate matter (PM2.5, dp < 2.5µm) emissions. PM2.5 samples were analyzed for their chemical composition and assessed for their oxidative potential using the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay across three periods reflecting residential heating deployment (RHD): pre-RHD, intra-RHD, and post-RHD periods. During the intra-RHD period, PM2.5 levels were significantly higher than those in other periods, with concentrations reaching 57.94 ± 7.57 µg/m3, indicating a deterioration in air quality. Moreover, levoglucosan was 9.2 times higher during the intra-RHD period compared to the pre-RHD period, correlating with elevated levels of elemental carbon (EC) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). These findings were compared with previous local studies before the conflict, underscoring a significant rise in biomass-related emissions. DTT assay levels during the intra-RHD were 2.1 times higher than those observed during the same period in 2022, strongly correlating with biomass burning emissions. Our findings highlight the necessity for policies to mitigate the indirect health effects of increased biomass burning emissions due to the energy crisis triggered by the geopolitical conflict.
Interaction Mechanism of β-lactoglobulin and Phlorizin Under Thermal Processing and the Effect of Immune Attenuation
Authors: Xue Haiyan , Zhang Lei , He Baoyuan , Yi Meixia , Li Xinyu , Wei Yi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
βlactoglobulin (β-LG) is an important whey protein because of its high ability to bind hydrophobic small molecules. Phlorizin is a kind of apple polyphenol. The interaction mechanism between phlorizin and β-lactoglobulin in the milk system and the effect of phlorizin on β-LG after thermal processing are still unclear. Therefore, the interaction mechanism between β-LG and phlorizin and the structural and antigenic changes of the compound under different thermal processing was studied. Firstly, the binding mode of phlorizin and β-LG was simulated by molecular docking, and the binding mechanism of phlorizin and β-LG conformation changes were explored by spectroscopy. Indirect ELISA was used to evaluate the effect of phlorizin on the reduction of β-LG antigen. Phroside interacts with β-LG mainly by static quenching and hydrophobic force. Due to the addition of phlorizin, the hydrophobic groups on the surface of the compound heated at 100℃ were hidden, and the hydrophobic interaction between phlorizin and β-LG was weakened. And the addition of phlorizin after thermal processing changed the secondary structure of β-LG, β-sheet, and random coil were reducing, and α-helix was increasing. Phlorizin reduced the antigenicity of β-LG, but there was no significant difference between thermal processing under 100℃.
Dnmt3b ablation affects fracture repair process by regulating apoptosis
Authors: Wang Xu , Ge Qinwen , Zeng Qinghe , Zou Kai ao , Bao Zhengsheng , Ying Jun , Wu Zhen , Jin Hongting , Chen Jiali , Xu Taotao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Previous studies have shown that DNA methyltransferase 3b (Dnmt3b) is the only Dnmt responsive to fracture repair and Dnmt3b ablation in Prx1-positive stem cells and chondrocyte cells both delayed fracture repair. Our study aims to explore the influence of Dnmt3b ablation in Gli1-positive stem cells in fracture healing mice and the underlying mechanism.
Methods
We generated Gli1-CreERT2; Dnmt3bflox/flox (Dnmt3bGli1ER) mice to operated tibia fracture. Fracture callus tissues of Dnmt3bGli1ER mice and control mice were collected and analyzed by X-ray, micro-CT, biomechanical testing, histopathology and TUNEL assay.
Results
The cartilaginous callus significantly decrease in ablation of Dnmt3b in Gli1-positive stem cells during fracture repair. The chondrogenic and osteogenic indicators (Sox9 and Runx2) in the fracture healing tissues in Dnmt3bGli1ER mice much less than control mice. Dnmt3bGli1ER mice led to delayed bone callus remodeling and decreased biomechanical properties of the newly formed bone during fracture repair. Both the expressions of Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 were upregulated in Dnmt3bGli1ER mice as well as the expressions of BCL-2.
Conclusions
Our study provides an evidence that Dnmt3b ablation Gli1-positive stem cells can affect fracture healing and lead to poor fracture healing by regulating apoptosis to decrease chondrocyte hypertrophic maturation.
Enhanced 3D framework composite solid electrolyte with alumina- modified Li1.4Al0.4Ti1.6(PO4)3 for solid-state lithium battery
Authors: Chen Long , Zhu Feng , Ma Dongjuan , Liu Yan , Yan Fang , Qiu Jingyi , Cao Gaoping , Zhang Hao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Lithium ion (Li+) battery with conventional liquid electrolyte exists typical and notorious security risk. Composite solid electrolyte integrating the merits of various electrolyte systems is an attractive alternative of liquid electrolyte for new-type safety and long-life lithium (Li) batteries. Herein, a 3D framework composite solid electrolyte based on Al2O3 modified Li1.4Al0.4Ti1.6(PO4)3 (Al2O3@LATP) was prepared by solution casting and scraping method. The 3D framework composite electrolyte exhibits admirable ionic conductivity (1.1×10− 4 S cm− 1 at 60oC), wide voltage window (4.8 V vs. Li/Li+), good thermal stability and satisfactory electrolyte/electrode interfacial compatibility. The Al2O3@LATP can not only impede Li dendrite growth, but also avoid the LATP reaction with Li anode. The assembled solid-state LiFePO4|Li battery with 3D framework composite solid electrolyte delivers a satisfactory capacity retention up to 95.2% after 400 cycles at 0.5 C and under 60oC. The 3D framework structural design of solid electrolyte affords a promising options for realizing safe energy storage systems.