bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacterial Peptidoglycan as a Food Digestive Signal that Facilitates Adaptation of Animals in Nature
Authors: Qi Bin , Hao Fanrui , Liu Huimin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Food availability and usage is a major adaptive force for the successful survival of animals in nature. However, very little is known about the signal from food to activate the hosts digestive system, which facilitates animals to digest more diverse food in nature. Here, by using a food digestion system in C. elegans, we discover that bacterial peptidoglycan (PGN) is a unique food signal that activates animals to digest inedible food. We identified that a glycosylated protein BCF-1 in the gut that interacts directly with bacterial peptidoglycan. This interaction inhibits mitochondrial UPR (UPRmt) by regulating the release of a neuropeptide (NLP-3). Moreover, constitutive activation of UPRmt is sufficient to inhibit food digestion, which depends on innate immune PMK-1. Addition, inhibition of innate immune PMK-1 can counter the digest defects of bcf-1 mutants. Finally, we demonstrate that natural adaptation is reduced in animals with digestion defects. Thus, our study reveals that bacterial PGN-glycosylated protein interaction is essential for digestion though cell-non-autonomous UPRmt inhibition, which facilitates adaptation of the host animals by increasing ability to consume a wide range of foods in their natural environment.
Prolyl hydroxylase domain inhibitor: a potential pre-hospital pharmaceutical intervention for trauma and hemorrhagic shock
Authors: Wu Xiaowu , Cap Andrew P. , Bynum James A. , Chance Tiffani C. , Darlington Daniel N. , Meledeo Michael A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Trauma and hemorrhagic shock-associated pre-hospital deaths are mainly due to hypoperfusion-induced tissue hypoxia leading to irreversible organ dysfunction at or near the point of injury or during transportation prior to receiving definitive therapy. The prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) is an oxygen sensor that regulates tissue adaptation to hypoxia by stabilizing hypoxia inducible factor (HIF). The benefit of PHD inhibitors (PHDi) in the treatment of anemia and lactatemia arises from HIF stabilization, which stimulates endogenous production of erythropoietin and activates lactate recycling through gluconeogenesis. The results of this study provide insight into the therapeutic roles of MK-8617, a pan-inhibitor of PHD-1, 2, and 3, in the mitigation of lactatemia in anesthetized rats with polytrauma and hemorrhagic shock. Additionally, in an anesthetized rat model of lethal decompensated hemorrhagic shock (65% of estimated blood volume (EBV)), acute administration of MK-8617 significantly improves one-hour survival and maintains survival at least until 4 hours following limited resuscitation with whole blood (20% EBV) at one hour after hemorrhage. This study suggests that pharmaceutical interventions to inhibit prolyl hydroxylase activity can be used as a potential pre-hospital countermeasure for trauma and hemorrhage at or near the point of injury.
Study on "pull-shear" material removal principle and novel compound structure tool design during cutting KFRP
Authors: Su Fei , Liu Guangtao , Zhang Ke , Ding Xun , Gong Changliang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Kevlar fiber-reinforced polymer (KFRP) is widely used in various fields due to its excellent mechanical and physical properties. However, the material is prone to processing defects such as burring and furry during secondary processing. In this paper, based on the cutting removal mechanism of KFRP, a "pull-shear" material removal principle for the residual fibers was proposed and analyzed. Then, a novel compound structure milling tool was designed. Theoretical and experimental analyses of the milling tests were carried out on the plain-woven KFRP composites. The result indicates that when the fibers are subjected to tension, the cutting surface quality is significantly improved. Therefore, when the "pull-shear" removal principle can be implemented effectively, the fibers can be effectively cut off in time. The "pulling-shearing" effect can be effectively implemented by the novel compound structure milling tool. The milling surface quality of the novel compound structure milling tool is better than the conventional tools. The burrs defect factor gradually decreases with the increase of the feed speed. The burrs defect factors tend to increase with the increase in cutting speed.
Comprehensive Bioinformatic Investigation of TP53 Dysregulation in Diverse Cancer Landscapes
Authors: Khan Ruby , Puszynski Krzysztof , Kozłowska Emilia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of the role of TP53 in various cancers, its impact on disease-free survival (DFS), and the mathematical models used to understand TP53 protein network dynamics.
TP53 Analysis: We analyzed a diverse set of cancers, including BLCA, BRCA, CESC, CHOL, COAD, DLBC, ESCA, HNSC, KICH, KIRC, LIHC, LUAD, LUSC, and UCEC, and identified TP53 overexpression as a significant prognostic factor in PRAD. The analysis, supported by a significant p-value (p < 0.05), revealed the distinctive influence of TP53 overexpression on DFS outcomes in PRAD. Our study includes graphical representations of overall survival (OS) analysis, vividly illustrating the stark contrast in OS time between tumors with higher TP53 expression (depicted by the red line) and those with lower TP53 expression (indicated by the blue line). Additionally, the hazard ratio (HR) underscores the impact of TP53 on overall survival.
TP53 Protein Network Analysis: Furthermore, we investigate the TP53 protein network, identifying genes with strong positive correlations with TP53 expression in 13 out of 27 cancers, along with some negative correlations with important tumor suppressor genes. This network analysis revealed key proteins such as SIRT1, CBP, p300, ATM, DAXX, HSP 90-alpha, Mdm2, RPA70, 14-3-3 protein sigma, p53, and ASPP2, which play critical roles in cell cycle regulation, DNA damage response, and transcriptional control.
Mathematical Models: We also describe mathematical models used to simulate TP53 protein network dynamics. These models consider variables such as protein concentrations (Pi ), correlation coefficients (Cij ), rate constants (kij ), and degradation rate constants (λi ). The models’ equations capture the dynamics of protein concentrations influenced by correlations and rate constants specific to different cancer types. Our findings provide compelling evidence of the pivotal roles played by TP53 and TP53 overexpression in shaping cancer prognosis across various tumor types. These results carry significant implications for clinical management and underscore the need for further research into the underlying molecular mechanisms driving these associations.
Ecological Factors Shaping Ectoparasite Communities on Heteromyid Rodents at Médanos de Samalayuca
Authors: Vital-García Cuauhcihuatl , Beristain-Ruíz Diana Marcela , Acosta Roxana , Marta Cinthia Ibeth Prieto , Gatica-Colima Ana Bertha , Aristizabal John F. , Valdez-Rubio Azucena , Escudero-Fragosso Carlos , Martínez-Calderas Jesús M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Rodent ectoparasites are vectors to important pathogens for wildlife, domestic animals and even zoonosis. Nevertheless, distribution patterns of ectoparasites are not fully understood; habitat, season, and host-species are important predictors on distribution and prevalence. Heteromyids rodents are considered important reservoirs of diseases, given the presence of different ectoparasites and pathogens in them, they offer the opportunity to learn about the ecology of parasites. The aim of the present work was to survey ectoparasites associated to heteromyids rodents near to a National Protected Area in Chihuahua Mexico, south of the United States-Mexico border and asses the effect of ecological factors (season, vegetation type, host species, and host body condition) on parasite infestation. We sampled five different locations from January 2018 to July 2022; 845 heteromyid rodents were examined collecting 49 fleas and 33 ticks. Ectoparasites belonged to Siphonaptera and Ixodida orders, including three families Ixodidae (Riphicephalus sanguineus), Pulicidae (Pulex irritans), and Ctenophthalmidae (Meringins altipecten, M. dipodomys). Five species of host rodents were captured, Dipodomys merriami, D. ordii, Chaetodipus eremicus, C. hispidus and C. intermedius the last two species did not present any ectoparasites. Dipodomys merriami presented the highest flea and tick prevalence followed by D. ordii. We found parasitic partnerships between heteromyids according to the ecological factors. The infestation in C. eremicus is related to body condition, vegetation type, and sex; in D. merriami, it is related to vegetation type and season, while D. ordii did not present a clear pattern of infestation. Our results suggest that the infestation patterns of heteromyid rodents in desert habitats are species-dependent.
Transarterial chemoembolization versus hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy as initial treatment for stage CNLC Ⅲa hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: He Benyi , Deng Min , Li Shaohua , Mei Jie , Lu Lianghe , Yu Chengyou , Zuo Zhijun , Guo Rongping , Wei Wei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
The Chinese Liver Cancer (CNLC) staging recommends transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) as the standard treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with macrovascular invasion and without extrahepatic metastasis (CNLC IIIa). As a recently emerging approach, the efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) compared to TACE in this group of patients is unclear.
Methods
From December 2016 to June 2020, patients diagnosed with CNLC IIIa stage HCC who underwent TACE (n = 91) or HAIC (n = 190) as their initial treatment were included. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to reduce selection bias and other imbalances. Objective response rates (ORR), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), rate of subsequent resection, and safety were compared in these two groups.
Results
After PSM, 77 pairs of patients were matched. The ORR was higher in HAIC group than that of TACE group (29.9% vs. 9.1%, P = 0.013). Median progression-free survival of the HAIC group was longer than that of TACE group (4.7 vs. 1.4 months, P = 0.002), but there was no significant difference in the median OS between the HAIC and TACE groups (19.6 vs. 18.1 months, P = 0.122). The HAIC group also showed a better safety profile than the TACE group.
Conclusions
HAIC is an effective and safe option in the treatment of HCC patients with CNLC IIIa stage compared with TACE.
Bevacizumab improved prognosis for advanced EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma with brain metastasis receiving cerebral radiotherapy
Authors: Zhou YuanLiang , Li Jingchao , Li Yankang , Deng Guangchuan , Wang Qi , Qin Hongyue , Li Jianbin , li zhenxiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether the combined use of bevacizumab could improve overall survival (OS) in patients with brain metastasis (BM) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing cerebral radiotherapy.
Materials and Methods:A total of 237 patients with EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma and BM met the inclusion criteria for this retrospective study, including 102 patients in the bevacizumab treatment group and 135 in the non-bevacizumab group. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify EGFR-mutated BM prognostic factors for these patients.
Results: At the end of the last follow-up period, 176 patients (74.3 %) had died, and the median overall survival (OS) was 34.2 months. We observed a significant difference in the median OS between the bevacizumab and non-bevacizumab groups (45.8 months vs 30.0 months, P <0.0001). Among the 178 (75.1%) patients who received cerebral radiotherapy, the median OS of patients in the bevacizumab + cerebral radiotherapy group was 45.8 months versus 32.0 months in the non-bevacizumab + cerebral radiotherapy group, respectively (P=0.0007). Patients treated with bevacizumab after cerebral radiotherapy had a longer median OS than patients treated with bevacizumab before cerebral radiotherapy (59.4 months vs 33.7months, P=0.0198). In the univariate analysis, smoking status, Lung-mol GPA scores, and bevacizumab therapy showed correlations (HR=1.450, P=0.045; HR=0.700, P=0.023; HR=0.499, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that bevacizumab therapy alone (hazard ratio [HR] =0.514; P<0.001) was independently associated with improved OS.
Conclusion: In patients with BM from EGFR-mutated NSCLC, cerebral radiotherapy with bevacizumab markedly improved OS. This improvement was more evident after cerebral radiotherapy.
Construction and properties of superhydrophobic materials using SiO 2 hybrid high fluorine epoxy polymers
Authors: HOU Cheng-Min , YAN Wei-Min , LI Na , BAI Yuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces have been extensively studied for their self-cleaning properties. However, most of the constructed superhydrophobic surfaces have problems of changing the surface morphology and color of paper/cloth. An extremely dilute superhydrophobic solution was prepared by hybrid assembly of aminated nano SiO2 and high fluorine epoxy polymer P(FOEMA-r-GMA). The preparation of superhydrophobic cotton (SHC) and superhydrophobic book paper (SHBP) were studied through the optimal construction conditions of solution impregnation method. The optimal construction conditions for SHC were as follows: the concentration of fluorinated epoxy polymer was 3 mg/mL, the soaking time was 5 hours, the drying time was 8 hours, and the drying temperature was 120oC. The maximum WCA is 158 ° ± 3o, and the minimum WRA is 4o ± 3o. SHC surface had good hydrophobic effect, acid and alkali resistance, self-cleaning effect, and its surface morphology remains basically unchanged. SHC could be used for oil water separation with a maximum oil water separation rate of 98.4%. The optimal construction conditions for SHBP were: the concentration of fluorinated epoxy polymer was 3 mg/mL, the soaking time was 9 hours, the drying time was 6 hours, the maximum WCA was 155o ± 3o, and the minimum WRA was 6o ± 1o. The hydrophobicity of SHBP was significantly improved, it would selective adsorbing oil from the oil water mixture and slightly reduce its smoothness.
Characteristics of pathogenic microorganisms in intensive care units and development of a mortality risk scoring tool for critically infected patients: A Retrospective Study from Shanxi, China
Authors: Ma Yanbin , Tang Yang , Kang Jianbang , Wang Shuyun , Song Yan , Yin Donghong , Cai Wanni , Liu Yujie , Duan Jinju , Wang Xiaoru 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Global concern surrounds high intensive care unit (ICU) mortality rates from pathogenic microorganism infections, particularly multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. These infections significantly impact patient treatment outcomes and quality of life. This study aims to survey microbial epidemiology in ICU patients, explore death risk factors in severe infections, and establish a mortality risk scoring model.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study in an ICU analyzed epidemiological characteristics, microbial profiles, antimicrobial susceptibility, and patient mortality risk. Mortality risk factors were classified using univariate and multivariate analyses. The model's calibration was internally validated and its discrimination determined by the Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AuROC).
Results
Between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021, a total of 952 patients were enrolled with infections caused by microorganisms. From these patients, 1713 pathogenic microorganisms were isolated in total. The identified microorganisms included 451 gram-positive bacteria, 1140 gram-negative bacteria, 117 funguses, and 5 other protists. Among them are 646 strains of MDR bacteria. A scoring model was developed, which included factors such as infection with MDR bacteria, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), total bilirubin (TBLT), creatinine clearance (CCr), tumor, Gout & mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), and disorders of consciousness. The performance of the model was evaluated and showed good discrimination and calibration.
Conclusion
This study analyzed the prevalence of pathogenic microorganism in the ICU of hospital and explored their risk factors with patient mortality. The Bacteriology profile and antimicrobial susceptibility of MDR bacteria were explored. A simplified predictive scoring tool was established to predict patient mortality with infections in ICU. The study highlights the importance of monitoring and predicting the mortality risk associated with pathogenic microorganism infections in ICUs.
Comparison of the inoculum effect of in vitro antibacterial activity of IMR and CZA against ESBL-, KPC- and AmpC-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Wang Xueting , Xiong Luying , Wang Yuan , Yang Kai , Xiao Tingting , Chi Xiaohui , Chen Tao , Zhou Yanzi , Lu Ping , Dilinuer Dilimulati , Shen Pin , Chen Yunbo , Xiao Yonghong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate effect of inoculum size of extended-spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing-, AmpC-producing-, and KPC-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae on the in vitro antibacterial effects of imipenem/relebactam (IMR) and ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA).
Methods
We compared the impact of inoculum size on IMR and CZA of eight clinical isolates and two standard isolates through antimicrobial susceptibility tests, time-kill assays and in vitro PK/PD studies.
Result
When inoculum size increased from 105 to 107CFU/mL, an inoculum effect was observed for 25% (3/12) and 66.7% (8/12) of IMR and CZA, respectively; time-kill assays revealed that the concentration of CZA increased from ≥ 4×MIC to 16×MIC to reach 99.9% killing rate against K. pneumoniae ATCC-BAA 1705(KPC-2-producing) and 60700(SHV-27-producing and DHA-1-producing). While for IMR, a concentration from 1×MIC to 4×MIC killed 99.9% of the four strains. When the inoculum size increased to 109CFU/mL, neither IMR nor CZA showed a detectable antibacterial effect, even at a high concentration. An in vitro PK/PD study revealed a clear bactericidal effect when IMR administered as 1.25g q6h when inoculum size increased.
Conclusion
An inoculum effect on CZA was observed more frequent than that on IMR. Among the β-lactamase-producing strains, the inoculum effect was most common for SHV-producing and KPC-producing strains.
Adding Letrozole to GH and GnRHa Increase Height in Girls with Short Stature: a hospital record-based retrospective study
Authors: Li Chenyang , Ma Hailu , Wang Xi , Nie Min , Mao Jiangfeng , WU Xueyan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
There have been rare data in Letrozole for height promotion in girls. This study aims to clarify the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with human recombinant growth hormone (rhGH), GnRHa and letrozole in improving the height of girls with short stature and advanced bone age.
Methods
This is a retrospective record-based study. Follow-up was conducted on girls with short stature who received rhGH, GnRHa and letrozole treatment at outpatient clinics in our hospital. Total of 29 subjects were included in this report. The control group includes 29 girls with short stature who received rhGH/GnRHa therapy.
Results
The predicted adult height before treatment (PAH1) was 155.38 ± 3.85 cm, and the PAH after treatment (PAH2) was 161.32 ± 3.72cm (t = 10.375, p < 0.001). The ΔPAH (the increment of predicted adult height) in the treatment group is 4 cm higher than that of the control group (5.85 ± 3.11cm VS. 1.82 ± 1.50cm, Z=-5.506, P < 0.001).There was a significant difference in the height SDS of BA before and after treatment (-1.30 ± 0.70 VS -0.008 ± 0.662, Z=-4.703, P < 0.001).And there was a significant difference in the height SDS of CA(0.015 ± 0.95 VS 0.276 ± 0.88, Z=-2.930, P = 0.003).There was a increasing BMI during therapy (from 19.34 ± 3.33 kg/m2 to 20.43 ± 4.12 kg/m2, Z = 2.065, P = 0.039).The height gain was 8.71 ± 4.46 cm, and the growth rate was 6.78 ± 3.84cm per year. No remarkable side effects were reported in the treatment group.
Conclusions
Combined treatment with GH, GnRHa and letrozole can enhance the adult height (AH) and PAH in short stature girls and no significant side effects were reported.
Multilayer factors associated with excess all-cause mortality during the Omicron and non-Omicron waves of the COVID-19 pandemic: time series analysis in 29 countries
Authors: Zou Fengjuan , Xiao Jianpeng , Jin Yingying , Jian Ronghua , Hu Yijun , Liang Xiaofeng , Ma Wenjun , Zhu Sui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant excess mortality globally. However, the differences in excess mortality between the Omicron and non-Omicron waves, as well as the contribution of local epidemiological characteristics, population immunity, and social factors to excess mortality, remain poorly understood. This study aims to solve the above problems.
Methods
Weekly all-cause death data and covariates from 29 countries for the period 2015–2022 were collected and used. The Bayesian Structured Time Series Model predicted expected weekly deaths, stratified by gender and age groups for the period 2020–2022. The quantile-based g-computation approach accounted for the effects of factors on the excess all-cause mortality rate. Sensitivity analyses were conducted using alternative Omicron proportion thresholds.
Results
From the first week of 2021 to the 30th week of 2022, the estimated cumulative number of excess deaths due to COVID-19 globally was nearly 1.39 million. The estimated weekly excess all-cause mortality rate in the 29 countries was approximately 2.17 per 100000 (95% CI: 1.47 to 2.86). Weekly excess mortality rates were significantly higher in both male and female groups and all age groups during the non-Omicron wave, except for those younger than 15 years (P < 0.001).Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of the results. Positive associations with excess mortality were found for the constituent ratio of non-Omicron in all variants, new cases per million, positive rate, cardiovascular death rate, people fully vaccinated per hundred, extreme poverty, hospital patients per million humans, people vaccinated per hundred, and stringency index. Conversely, other factors demonstrated negative associations with excess mortality from the first week of 2021 to the 30th week of 2022.
Conclusion
The COVID-19 Omicron wave exhibited fewer excess deaths than the non-Omicron wave. Weekly excess mortality rates were significantly higher in both male and female groups and all age groups during the non-Omicron wave, except for those younger than 15 years. Factors such as the constituent ratio of non-Omicron in all variants, new cases per million, positive rate, cardiovascular death rate, people fully vaccinated per hundred, extreme poverty and some social factors were positively associated with excess mortality, while other factors showed negative associations.