bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial Variations of Stellar Elemental Abundances in FIRE Simulations of Milky Way-mass Galaxies: Patterns Today Mostly Reflect Those at Formation
Authors: Graf Russell L. , Wetzel Andrew , Bellardini Matthew A. , Bailin Jeremy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Spatial patterns of stellar elemental abundances encode rich information about a galaxy’s formation history. We analyze the radial, vertical, and azimuthal variations of metals in stars, both today and at formation, in the FIRE-2 cosmological simulations of Milky Way (MW)-mass galaxies, and we compare them with the MW. The radial gradient today is steeper (more negative) for younger stars, which agrees with the MW, although radial gradients are shallower in FIRE-2. Importantly, this age dependence was present already at birth: radial gradients today are only modestly (≲0.01 dex kpc−1) shallower than at birth. Disk vertical settling gives rise to negative vertical gradients across all stars, but vertical gradients of mono-age stellar populations are weak. Similar to the MW, vertical gradients in FIRE-2 are shallower at larger radii, but they are overall shallower in FIRE-2. This vertical dependence was present already at birth: vertical gradients today are only modestly (≲0.1 dex kpc−1) shallower than at birth. Azimuthal scatter is nearly constant with radius, and it is nearly constant with age ≲8 Gyr ago but increases for older stars. Azimuthal scatter is slightly larger (≲0.04 dex) today than at formation. Galaxies with larger azimuthal scatter have a stronger radial gradient, implying that azimuthal scatter today arises primarily from the radial redistribution of gas and stars. Overall, spatial variations of stellar metallicities show only modest differences between formation and today; spatial variations today primarily reflect the conditions of stars at birth, with spatial redistribution of stars after birth contributing secondarily.
Double Layers in the Martian Magnetosheath
Authors: Pandey Sahil , Kakad Amar , Kakad Bharati , Singh Kuldeep , Kourakis Ioannis 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The observation of electrostatic double layers in Martian magnetosheath plasma is reported, based on medium-frequency (100 Hz–32 kHz) electric field data recorded by the Langmuir Probe and Waves on board the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution spacecraft on 2021 January 1. A total of six burst mode events were scrutinized, revealing the occurrence of double layer structures. Overall, 79 double layers were identified, with their absolute amplitudes and widths found to be in the ranges of 0.4–3.3 mV m−1 and 0.6–6.4 ms, respectively. The dominant frequency associated with the observed excitations lies well above the ion plasma frequency (f

pi
). The identified structures were observed at 2600–4400 km altitude in the dusk sector (17–19 LT). Extensive analysis based on a nonlinear multifluid plasma model shows that the observed structures are electron-acoustic double layers. A comparison of theory and observations indicates that these double layers have spatial scales in the range of 0.4–10 km. This is the first detailed study to give conclusive evidence of the occurrence of double layers in the Martian plasma environment.
A Very Long Baseline Interferometry Calibrator Grid at 600 MHz for Fast Radio Transient Localizations with CHIME/FRB Outriggers
Authors: Andrew Shion , Leung Calvin , Li Alexander , Masui Kiyoshi W. , Andersen Bridget C. , Bandura Kevin , Curtin Alice P. , Kaczmarek Jane , Lanman Adam E. , Lazda Mattias , Mena-Parra Juan , Michilli Daniele , Nimmo Kenzie , Pearlman Aaron B. , Rahman Mubdi , Shah Vishwangi , Shin Kaitlyn , Wang Haochen ,   (CHIME/FRB Collaboration)
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment Fast Radio Burst (CHIME/FRB) Project has a new very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) Outrigger at the Green Bank Observatory (GBO), which forms a 3300 km baseline with CHIME operating at 400–800 MHz. Using 100 ms long full-array baseband “snapshots” collected commensally during FRB and pulsar triggers, we perform a shallow, wide-area VLBI survey covering a significant fraction of the northern sky targeted at the positions of compact sources from the Radio Fundamental Catalog. In addition, our survey contains calibrators detected from two 1 s long trial baseband snapshots for a deeper survey with CHIME and GBO. In this paper, we present the largest catalogue of compact calibrators suitable for 30 mas scale VLBI observations at subgigahertz frequencies to date. Our catalogue consists of 200 total calibrators in the Northern Hemisphere that are compact on 30 mas scales with fluxes above 100 mJy. This calibrator grid will enable the precise localization of hundreds of FRBs a year with CHIME/FRB Outriggers.
Magnetic Interactions in White Dwarf Binaries as Mechanism for Long-period Radio Transients
Authors: Qu Yuanhong , Zhang Bing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A growing population of long-period radio transients has been discovered, and their physical origin is still up for debate. Recently, a new such source named ILT J1101+5521 was discovered, which is in a white dwarf (WD)–red dwarf (RD) binary system, with the observed 125.5 minutes period in radio emission being identified as the orbital period and the radio emission occurs at the inferior conjunction of the WD. We suggest that the radio emission properties of the system can be well explained within the framework of the unipolar inductor magnetic interaction model between the magnetized WD and the RD with low magnetization, with a relativistic version of electron cyclotron maser emission being the most likely radiation mechanism. We suggest that this mechanism can interpret at least some long-period radio transients, especially the ultra-long-period subpopulation. Within this model, high energy emission in X-rays via relativistically boosted cyclotron radiation and γ-rays via inverse Compton scattering off stellar light are expected, but the predicted luminosities are relatively low. This model likely applies to the ultra-long-period population of LPRTs. The short-period population of LPRTs is likely powered by other engines, such as slow magnetars.
The effect of the presence of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis on the frequency of papillary thyroid carcinoma subtypes
Authors: Şahin Zekiye Büşra , Sayiner Zeynel Abidin , Akarsu Ersin 
Published: February 2025

Aim: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) subtypes are known to differ from each other in terms of the features associated with each subtype. The aim of this study was to determine whether the incidence of PTC subtypes differs in the presence or absence of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
Materials and methods: A total of 1195 patients were included and evaluated for the presence of nodules, divided into two groups: those with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and thyroid nodules (HT) and those with thyroid nodules only (non-HT). The two groups were compared with respect to demographics, clinical, ultrasonographic and cytological characteristics of thyroid nodules, and the presence of PTC.
Results: Of the patients, 943 (78.9%) were diagnosed with thyroid nodules without HT (non-HT group) and 252 (21.1%) with thyroid nodules with HT (HT group). The incidence of indeterminate cytology (Bethesda category III) was significantly higher in the HT group than in the non-HT group (18.60% vs. 10.80%, p=0.001). The incidence of PTC was also statistically significantly higher in the HT group than in the non-HT group (22.2% vs. 5.7%, p=0.001). However, no correlation was observed between the histopathological subtypes of PTC and the presence of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
Conclusion: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis did not appear to alter the incidence of PTC subtypes. However, PTC was more frequently observed in thyroid nodules associated with HT compared to those without HT.
Syntaxonomy of the class Alnetea glutinosae in Ukraine: a critical revision
Authors: Iemelianova Svitlana , Borsukevych Liubov 
Published: February 2025

Aims: (a) To revise the previous classification systems for the Alnetea glutinosae vegetation in Ukraine using a representative dataset; (b) to define the vegetation types at the association level and outline their geographical distribution and species composition; (c) to describe the relationships between the defined associations and the main environmental factors. Study area: Ukraine. Methods: 5818 vegetation plots of floodplain forests, alder carr, and birch forests were collected in the field and digitized from the literature. We used PC-ORD beta-flexible clustering (beta = –0.3, Bray-Curtis dissimilarity, log-transformed percentage abundances) to distinguish the vegetation types. We plotted the classification results using an NMDS ordination diagram to visualize the similarity patterns among the vegetation types. Results. We distinguished six associations within three alliances: mesotrophic regularly flooded alder carr (Thelypterido palustris-Alnetum glutinosae, Carici elongatae-Alnetum glutinosae, Carici acutiformis-Alnetum glutinosae), basiphilous birch forests on mesotrophic mires (Salici pentandrae-Betuletum pubescentis) and acidophilous wet birch forests (Thelypterido palustris-Betuletum pubescentis, Eriophoro vaginati-Betuletum pubescentis). Using NMDS-ordination and Ellenberg-type indicator values we demonstrated that the main gradients for vegetation differentiation are the soil moisture and soil reaction, nutrients, and light availability. Conclusions: Using our comprehensive data set, we critically revised the previous concept and syntaxonomic structure of the class Alnetea glutinosae in Ukraine. We distinguished six phytosociological associations and highlighted the main environmental drivers determining vegetation differentiation and variability. Our study also provides an overview of the current distribution for each association of the Alnetea glutinosae in Ukraine.
Taxonomic reference: Euro+Med (2006-) for vascular plants, Hodgetts et al. (2020) for bryophytes.
Syntaxonomic reference: Higher syntaxa follow Mucina et al. (2016).
Abbreviations: db-RDA = distance-based redundancy analysis; EIVs = Ellenberg indicator values; EVC = EuroVegChecklist, GIVD = Global index of vegetation plot databases, ICPN = International code of phytosociological nomenclature (Theurillat et al. 2021); NMDS = Non-metric multidimensional scaling; NNP = National nature park.
Sozinibercept Combination Therapy for Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration: Phase 2b Study Subgroup Analysis by Lesion Type
Authors: Wykoff Charles C. , Jackson Timothy L. , Price Clare F. , Baldwin Megan E. , Leitch Ian M. , Slakter Jason 
Published: February 2025

Background and Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the angiographic predictors of response to the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor-C/-D agent, sozinibercept.

Patients and Methods
Prespecified and post hoc subgroup analyses of a phase 2b, randomized, double-masked, sham-controlled trial of 240 participants with treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration, comparing monthly intravitreal sozinibercept 0.5 mg or 2 mg, plus ranibizumab 0.5 mg, versus monthly ranibizumab monotherapy.

Results

Visual acuity benefits at week 24 were greatest in participants with occult lesions receiving 2 mg sozinibercept combination therapy (+15.65 [
n
= 53] letters versus +9.62 [
n
= 51] with ranibizumab monotherapy; least squares mean difference +6.03;
P
= 0.0009). A composite analysis of occult and minimally classic lesions excluding retinal angiomatous proliferation (
n
= 175/240) also favored sozinibercept over control (+16.08 versus +10.34 letters; +5.74;
P
= 0.0002). Structural outcomes mirrored sozinibercept visual acuity benefits, with less leakage and smaller lesions on multimodal imaging.

Conclusion
Angiographic lesion characteristics were found to predict the response to sozinibercept combination therapy.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2025;56:XX–XX.]
Influence of climate drivers and fishing effort on fish stock condition using dynamic factor analysis: a case study from the Caspian Sea
Authors: Fazli Hasan , Daryanabard Gholam Reza , Pourgholami Akbar , Hoseini Seyed Abbas , Mirzaei Mohammad Reza , Bahreini Parto 
Published: February 2025

We explored the potential impact of climate-driven factors [East Atlantic-West Russian pattern, sea surface level (SSL), sea surface temperature (SST) and river discharge] alongside fishing effort (E) on shifts in aquatic species demographics. Dynamic factor analysis (DFA) was employed for indices of annual catch (Cat), Abundance (Abu), fingerlings released, spawning stock biomass (SSB), percentage of immature (Imm), mega spawners and relative condition factor from datasets of Chelon aurata and Rutilus kutum over 30 years. Of 324 DFA models, the optimal model for both species included a “diagonal and unequal“ R matrix with SST, SSL and E as exploratory covariates, revealing one common trend for C. aurata and SST and SSL and two common trends for R. kutum. Within the common trend for C. aurata, Abu and SSB displayed a strong positive correlation with trend 1. In the case of R. kutum, the first common trend showed a positive correlation with Cat, Abu, and SSB and a negative one with Imm. Also, rising SST and decreasing SSL negatively affect species’ health. This study emphasizes integrated monitoring and management to sustain fish species and the ecosystem, advocating adaptive strategies to counter environmental stressors and anthropogenic effects.
L’approche transformatrice en matière d’égalité des genres : rhétorique et limites d’un modèle voyageur
Authors: Plouffe Véronique 
Published: February 2025

Cet article vise à interroger l’approche dite « transformatrice en matière de genre » (ATG) en analysant un projet canadien d’aide internationale en santé maternelle. Bien que ce modèle ait été adopté par plusieurs organisations d’aide internationale, peu d’écrits scientifiques l’ont examiné de manière critique. Fondé sur une analyse de documents institutionnels et sur mon implication personnelle dans le projet, et à la lumière du concept des « modèles voyageurs » et des perspectives féministes critiques, cet article décortique les manières dont l’ATG a été conceptualisée et mise en œuvre à partir du Canada. Il démontre que l’approche transformatrice a un potentiel limité à apporter des changements structurels, notamment en raison des processus standardisés et technocratiques qui la caractérisent, et de ses prémisses occidentalo-centrées qui tendent à minimiser la complexité des contextes socioculturels locaux.
Dessine pour l’égalité et contre les violences ! Prescrire les ODD liés au genre par la coopération artistique au Maroc
Authors: David Emmanuelle 
Published: February 2025

Depuis les années 2010, les organismes de la coopération internationale ont investi un nouveau mode de diffusion des valeurs liées à l’objectif du développement durable 5, à savoir des concours artistiques autour de la thématique de l’égalité des sexes. Prospèrent ainsi les invitations à « rapper pour promouvoir l’égalité » (Coopération espagnole, 2022), à photographier « l’égalité dans ta rue » (ambassade de France et AFD, 2021) ou encore à produire des caricatures « pour l’égalité de genre » (Heinrich Böll Stiftung, 2021). Le caractère novateur de ces dispositifs pose la question du renouvellement des pratiques des bailleurs, qui n’hésitent pas à coopérer avec des acteurs du domaine artistique pour diffuser des normes. Cet article interroge les visions du genre et/ou du féminisme qui circulent dans ces projets, et la manière dont ces prescriptions sont saisies par les participant·es à ces concours. L’article s’appuie sur un terrain empirique au Maroc et sur la discussion avec les théories féministes critiques du développement et montre que ces programmes encouragent le déploiement d’un registre prospectif et non conflictuel du genre tout en décourageant l’expression d’une adhésion claire au féminisme.
Les passages alternatifs du crédit : profilage numérique et intermédiation au Mexique
Authors: Crucifix Clément 
Published: February 2025

Au Mexique, les institutions financières se réfèrent largement à une plateforme de profilage numérique qui classifie les gens suivant leur niveau de risque. Ces classifications déterminent en retour les conditions d’accès à une ressource centrale pour les populations : le crédit. Au travers d’une enquête ethnographique dans une région rurale du Mexique, l’article analyse les pratiques collectives via lesquelles les populations négocient les modes de classification promus par ces nouvelles technologies. Plutôt que de postuler l’obsolescence de toute forme d’intervention humaine, je démontre le rôle joué par certains acteurs intermédiaires, capables de contourner les barrières imposées par la plateforme et d’intégrer des conceptions alternatives de la responsabilité. Cette aptitude en fait des protagonistes centraux des réseaux économiques locaux. Ce faisant, l’article explore plus largement comment les modes de classification promus par une plateforme de profilage numérique reconfigurent les rapports sociaux dans une société rurale mexicaine.
Strategies and Activities for Improving Medication Safety in the NHS Scotland: Narrative Review and Possible Adaptations for Sri Lankan System
Authors: Wickramanayake H. M. K. , Dharmagunawardene D. , Amarasinghe P. , Eddleston M. , Galappatthy P. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Medication errors are the leading cause of preventable patient harm globally, and countries have adapted multiple strategies to prevent them. Objective: To explore the systems, strategies, and activities of medication safety applied at the National Health Service (NHS) in Scotland to compare them and consider what could be adapted to improve medication safety in Sri Lanka.Methods: The RAMESES (Realist And Meta-narrative Evidence Syntheses) was followed and literature search was conducted in Google, Google Scholar, and PubMed with the terms “Medication Errors,” “Medication Safety” and “strategy,” “interventions.”, to identify studies and programs published from 2010 to 2022 that examined strate-gies and activities for improving medication safety in NHS Scotland.Results: After screening, 45 sources were selected and an initial content analysis, followed by thematic analy-sis, was performed. The data were presented in nine broad themes: systems-based approaches to ensure safer use of medicines, strategies to promote reporting of medication incidents and adverse drug reactions, strategies to improve electronic prescribing, strategies to prevent medication harm due to high-risk medicines, providing clinical pharmacy services, strategies to improve information transfer, strategies to prevent medication harm due to polypharmacy, strategies to improve safe medication administration, and strategies to improve staff education.Conclusions and Recommendations: NHS Scotland has implemented multiple, resource intensive strategies mainly utilizing information and communication technology (ICT) to improve medication safety. As a developing country, Sri Lanka can learn from these innovations but has implemented and planned to implement several strategies within resource constraints, which can be exemplary to any low- and middle-income country (LMIC).
Clinical profile and etiological spectrum of myoclonus in a tertiary care movement disorders clinic from India: An observational study
Authors: Madhaw Govind , Kumar Mritunjai , Tiwari Ashutosh , Kumar Niraj 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Myoclonus is a rapid, brief, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles. It can arise from various etiologies, and it may be a predominant feature in several movement disorders. Understanding the diverse causes of myoclonus is essential for managing it effectively.

OBJECTIVES:
Studies reporting the clinical and etiological profiles of myoclonus are sparse. We aimed to describe the clinical and etiological profiles of patients visiting our movement disorders clinic, with myoclonus as the predominant manifestation.

METHODS:
Demographic data (age of onset and presentation, gender), disease-related data (disease duration, myoclonus characteristics, associated neurological features and comorbidities), and results of relevant laboratory investigations, along with brain magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalogram, were collected.

RESULTS:
A total of 73 (6.4%) of 1140 movement disorder patients had predominant myoclonus. The median (IQR) age of onset, age at presentation, and disease duration were 43 (30–51.5) years, 46 (37–57.5) years, and 36 (12–84) months, respectively. Thirty-nine (53.4%) patients were male. Of the 73 cases, 52 (71.2%) patients had peripheral myoclonus, all having hemifacial spasm (HFS). The remainder had central myoclonus, with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and functional myoclonus being common, followed by drug-induced and sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease.

CONCLUSION:
Nearly 7% of the patients visiting our movement disorders clinic had myoclonus as the predominant phenomenology. Peripheral myoclonus was diagnosed in more than two-thirds of these patients, with HFS being the sole disorder in this group. SSPE and functional myoclonus were the common central myoclonic disorders.
Torsion of leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata: A rare presentation of acute abdomen
Authors: Ahuja Anmol , Rengan Shyam Sundar , Dey Ashish , Tripathi Shikhar , Malik Vinod K. , Mittal Tarun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
We report a case of leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata in a 27-year-old female who presented with acute abdominal symptoms and shock following a history of laparoscopic myomectomy. Although the patient initially presented with severe lower abdominal pain and high-grade fever, ovarian torsion was suspected based on imaging results. Laparoscopic exploration revealed a twisted pedunculated leiomyoma. Pathological examination confirmed LPD, a benign disease usually occurring in reproductive-age females, but it is challenging to identify and treat due to its low occurrence and severe complications. The surgical intervention involved excision of the leiomyoma and associated nodules, focusing on fertility preservation, which demonstrates the necessity of LPD in the differential diagnosis of the acute abdomen when patients have the same surgery history. It also highlights the need for enhanced surgical protocols to prevent the dissemination of myoma fragments, potentially contributing to the development of LPD. Further studies are essential to explore the pathogenesis and optimal management strategies of LPD.
Refractory scrotal oedema in a child with nephrotic syndrome subsided on magnesium sulphate with glycerine (SU-MAG) application: A rare case report
Authors: Gaur Bablu Kumar , Yadav Amiya , Jain Avanti , Mangla Yash 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Scrotal oedema is a common finding in children with nephrotic syndrome. It usually subsides along with ascites and pedal oedema after diuretic and steroid therapies. An 8-year-old boy diagnosed with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome presented with a relapse. Examination revealed periorbital puffiness, ascites, pedal oedema (pitting type) and scrotal oedema. Laboratory parameters revealed massive proteinuria, severe hypoalbuminaemia and increased total cholesterol levels. Swelling on the face, limbs and abdomen subsided after prednisolone treatment for 10 days, but scrotal oedema persisted even after scrotal elevation and diuretic therapy. A decision was made to use magnesium sulphate with glycerine (SU-MAG) application. After 3 days, his scrotal oedema subsided. We present a case of refractory scrotal oedema in a child with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome that was successfully managed with SU-MAG dressing.