bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal changes in tear cytokines and antimicrobial proteins in trachomatous disease
Authors: Barton Amber , Faal Nkoyo , Ramadhani Athumani , Derrick Tamsyn , Mafuru Elias , Mtuy Tara , Massae Patrick , Malissa Aiweda , Joof Hassan , Makalo Pateh , Sillah Ansumana , Harte Anna , Pickering Harry , Bailey Robin , Mabey David CW , Burton Matthew J. , Holland Martin J. 
Published: October 2023

Background
Trachoma is a neglected tropical disease caused by ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, where repeated infections and chronic inflammation can ultimately result in scarring, trichiasis and blindness. While scarring is thought to be mediated by a dysregulated immune response, the kinetics of cytokines and antimicrobial proteins in the tear film have not yet been characterised.

Methodology
Pooled tears from a Gambian cohort and Tanzanian cohort were semi-quantitatively screened using a Proteome Profiler Array to identify cytokines differentially regulated in disease. Based on this screen and previous literature, ten cytokines (CXCL1, IP-10, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 p40, IL-1RA, IL-1α and PDGF), lysozyme and lactoferrin were assayed in the Tanzanian cohort by multiplex cytokine assay and ELISA. Finally, CXCL1, IP-10, IL-8, lysozyme and lactoferrin were longitudinally profiled in the Gambian cohort by multiplex cytokine assay and ELISA.

Results
In the Tanzanian cohort, IL-8 was significantly increased in those with clinically inapparent infection (p = 0.0086). Lysozyme, IL-10 and chemokines CXCL1 and IL-8 were increased in scarring (p = 0.016, 0.046, 0.016, and 0.037). CXCL1, IP-10, IL-8, lysozyme and lactoferrin were longitudinally profiled over the course of infection in a Gambian cohort study, with evidence of an inflammatory response both before, during and after detectable infection. CXCL1, IL-8 and IP-10 were higher in the second infection episode relative to the first (p = 0.0012, 0.044, and 0.04).

Conclusions
These findings suggest that the ocular immune system responds prior to and continues to respond after detectable C. trachomatis infection, possibly due to a positive feedback loop inducing immune activation. Levels of CXC chemokines in successive infection episodes were increased, which may offer an explanation as to why repeated infections are a risk factor for scarring.
Effects of nutrition education and home gardening interventions on feto-maternal outcomes among pregnant women in Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia: A cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kuma Melesse Niguse , Tamiru Dessalegn , Belachew Tefera 
Published: October 2023

Background
Although pro-dietary practices and associated malnutrition are modifiable risk factors, they have a significant effect on maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of nutritional education and home gardening promotion on feto-maternal outcomes among pregnant women.

Methods
A three parallel arms community-based cluster randomized controlled trial was carried out in Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia from August 2020 to January 2021. Eighteen selected clusters were randomly assigned into three arms: husband (pregnant woman with her husband), peers (pregnant woman with her peers), and the controls. A total of 348 pregnant women were recruited in a 1:1:1 allocation ratio to the study arms at the baseline and 336 attended the end-line survey. Three nutrition education sessions and four varieties of vegetable seeds were provided for women in the intervention arms (husband and peers) and only routine nutrition education for the controls. Data were collected using a pretested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Generalized estimating equation analysis (GEE) and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal Wallis test were used to evaluate the effect of the interventions. The intervention effect estimates were obtained through a difference-in-differences approach.

Result
In the final model, neonates born to women in the husband group were 232 g heavier than those in the control groups (β = 232, 95%CI: 228.00, 236.27. Similarly, women in the husband group had a 0.45 g/dl greater hemoglobin level than the control groups (β = 0.45, 95% CI: 36.48, 54.40). Likewise, a minimum diet diversity score was higher in the husband group as compared to the controls (β = 0.87 95% CI: (0.56, 1.18).

Conclusions
Therefore, nutrition education and home gardening interventions resulted in a significant positive effect on the mean birth weight and maternal hemoglobin level among the intervention groups. The findings imply the need for enhancing such interventions to improve feto-maternal outcomes. The trial was registered at Pan African Clinical Trial Registry as PACTR202008624731801.
Impact of the program life in traffic and new zero-tolerance drinking and driving law on the prevalence of driving after alcohol abuse in Brazilian capitals: An interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Guimarães Rafael Alves , de Morais Neto Otaliba Libânio , dos Santos Taciana Mirella Batista , Mandacarú Polyana Maria Pimenta , Machado Elaine Leandro , Caiaffa Waleska Teixeira , Filho Paulo Roberto Prezotti , Aquino Érika Carvalho de , Reisen Valdério Anselmo 
Published: October 2023

Introduction
Driving under the influence of alcohol is one of the main factors for morbidity and mortality from traffic accidents. In 2010 and 2013, the Program Life in Traffic was implemented in Brazil, including the international initiative “Road Safety in Ten Countries”, which established actions to reduce one of the main risk factors for road traffic injuries, the driving under the influence of alcohol. In 2012, a new zero-tolerance drinking and driving law (new dry law) was implemented, establishing a zero-tolerance limit for the drivers’ blood alcohol concentration, and increasing punitive measures. This study aimed at analyzing the impact of these measures on the prevalence of driving under the influence of alcohol abuse in Brazilian capitals.

Methods
An interrupted time series study was conducted using the models of autoregressive integrated moving average or seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average. The main outcome was the prevalence of driving after alcohol abuse in the adult population (≥ 18 years). The model’s predictors were the interventions “Program Life in Traffic” and “New Dry Law”. The former was implemented in the first quarter of 2011, initially in five capitals: Belo Horizonte, Campo Grande, Palmas, Teresina, and Curitiba, being expanded to the other capitals in the first quarter of 2013. The latter was implemented in the country on the first quarter of 2013. Data source for the study was the records of the surveillance system for risk and protection factors of chronic diseases through telephone survey (Vigitel) from 2007 to 2016.

Results
The time intervals considered in the study were the quarters. Thirty-eight units were considered in the analysis, corresponding to time series points. It was found that after the implementation of the Program Life in Traffic, in the first quarter of 2011, there was a reduction in the prevalence in Belo Horizonte and Curitiba. Because the introduction of the New Dry Law and the Program Life in Traffic took place in similar periods in the other cities, there was a significant reduction in the outcome prevalence in the cities of Aracaju, Belo Horizonte, Boa Vista, Fortaleza, João Pessoa, Maceió, Manaus, Palmas, Porto Alegre, Recife, Teresina, Rio Branco, and Vitória following the law application.

Conclusion
The present study identified an immediate impact of the Program Life in Traffic in two capitals (Belo Horizonte and Curitiba) and a joint impact of the New Dry Law in 13 capitals. The results of this study have implications for strengthening interventions aimed at reducing the burden of morbidity and mortality from traffic accidents in Brazil.
Bentonite/hydroxyethylcellulose as eco-dielectrics with potential utilization in energy storage
Authors: Barzic Andreea Irina , Stoica Iuliana , Asandulesa Mihai , Albu Raluca Marinica , Oprisan Bogdan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study deals with the preparation and characterization of novel composites accomplished by filling hydroxyethylcellulose with several amounts of bentonite. Molecular modeling enabled understanding the conformational and physicochemical features, which are responsible for the chemical reactivity parameters. Rheological analyses are made to investigate the effect of the polymer loading on the shear flow behavior. The morphology and homogeneity of each system is explored via optical microscopy. The band gap of the samples is slightly reduced by the addition of the bio-filler in the cellulosic medium, as indicated by UV-VIS spectral data. The dielectric response of these materials is extracted from refractometry experiments at several wavelengths. The electric energy density was achieved based on the dielectric properties determined at high and low frequencies. The outcome of this study offers new ways to produce alternative dielectric eco-materials having a good potential of accumulating electrical energy, as demanded for capacitor devices.
Effects of mechanical recycling on the properties of glass fiber–reinforced polyamide 66 composites in automotive components
Authors: Gültürk Cansu , Berber Hale 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, we aimed to reveal the effective reusability of waste generated during the injection molding process of polyamide 66 (PA66) reinforced with 30 wt% of short glass fiber (PA66-GF30) widely used in the automotive industry. PA66-GF30 was subjected to the three mechanical recycling cycles, including regranulation and reinjection molding steps, and the recycled materials obtained in each of these cycles were included at the ratios of 15, 20, 25, and 30 wt% to the virgin composite. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimeter analyses showed that the number of recycling cycles and recycled material content in the composite had no significant change in the thermal stability and crystallinity degree of the PA66-GF30. The average fiber length determined by optical microscope analysis shifted to lower values from 300–350 to 150–250 μm by increasing the number of recycling cycles and the recycled material content. The fact that the recycled material content in the composite exceeds 25 wt% and the recycling cycle is applied three times played a key role in changing the mechanical and melt flow behaviors of the composite. Tensile strength, elastic modulus, and impact energy slightly decreased while the elongation at break and melt flow index increased.
Design of fixture for ultrasonic assisted gas tungsten arc welding using an integrated approach
Authors: A Dhilip , Nampoothiri Jayakrishnan , K Anand 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The welding fixture greatly impacts the weld quality matrixes. In this work, the welding fixture for ultrasonic-assisted gas tungsten arc welding to reduce the hot cracking behaviour in weldments was designed using the finite element analysis approach. A three-level, five-factor central composite design-based response surface methodology analysis was followed to vary the dimensions of the fixture for the modal and harmonic analysis of the fixture using Ansys software. The optimum fixture dimensions to achieve maximum displacement amplitude and minimum von-Mises stress have been optimized using a genetic algorithm approach. The model predictions for maximum displacement amplitude and minimum von-Mises stress were compared to the experimental findings at optimal conditions. A strong consensus between the model prediction by genetic algorithm and experimental findings indicates the correctness of the developed model.
Analysis of solutions for the fractional differential equation with Hadamard-type
Authors: Zhu Huijuan , Ru Yuanfang , Wang Fanglei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We mainly consider the existence and stability results of the positive solutions for the fractional differential equation with Hadamard-type by applying fixed point theorems, if the nonlinearity may be continuous or singular. We also construct some examples to show the applicability of the results.
Eternal Return Hermeneutics in Nietzsche, Heidegger, and Derrida
Authors: Braver Lee 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNietzsche’s Eternal Return (ER) is interpreted in many ways, including by him. I present it as a hermeneutic device, a way of reading texts, especially those whose influence threatens one’s authorial autonomy and/or are later difficult to take ownership of due to philosophical growth. It returns past texts with new interpretations, similar to the way ER leads one to embrace one’s past without changing anything, which radically changes everything from a resented painful burden into a celebrated enhancement of freedom and power. I show how he could have derived the idea from Schopenhauer, his own embarrassing past, by performing the technique on Schopenhauer. The same attitude toward past texts of recreating them according to one’s present interests and concerns simultaneously releases one’s present texts for future readers to impose their readings onto them, just as Zarathustra tells his followers not to follow him. Heidegger takes the idea up in a far more nuanced account than he is usually given credit for and applies it, among other places, to the history of philosophy. All philosophers say the same as it keeps returning. Derrida then recreates this as iterability, the deconstruction of the no/change dichotomy that Nietzsche began.
Effect of super critical carbon dioxide and alkali treatment on oxygen barrier properties of thermoplastic starch/poly(vinyl alcohol) films
Authors: Chen Wei-xing , Xu Hong-juan , Mei Han-fang , Ma Ning , Yeh Jen-taut 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Sustainable oxygen barrier thermoplastic starch (TPS)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blown films were successfully prepared by blending proper PVA loads during NaOH-treating and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) assisted processing. The NaOH-treated TPS or scCO2TPS films showed smaller free-volume-cavity characteristics (FVCC) and oxygen transmission rate (OTR) than those of TPS (or scCO2TPS) prepared without proper alkali-treatment. Smaller OTR and FVCC values were detected for NaOH-treated scCO2TPS films than those of NaOH-treated TPS films prepared without scCO2-assistance. All OTR and FVCC values detected for proper alkali-treated scCO2TPS
y
PVA
z
films diminished distinctly to a smallest value, when their PVA loads came near a solubility limit value of 27.5 wt%. An essential result is that the OTR of the optimal NaOH-treated scCO2TPS
y
PVA
z
film is merely 3.1 cm3/m2 day atm, which meets the requirement of high oxygen barrier plastics. Dynamic molecular relaxations and WAXD patterns detected for proper NaOH-treated scCO2TPS
y
PVA
z
films disclosed that PVA was compatible with TPS, as PVA loads were ≤ the solubility limit value. The distinctly reduced OTR and FVCC detected for optimal NaOH-treated scCO2TPS
y
PVA
z
films are partially attributed to the reinforced molecular interactions between hydroxyl groups of TPS and PVA, as they were blended with proper PVA loads during their alkali-treating and scCO2-aid processing.
Quantitative susceptibility mapping for differentiating multiple sclerosis from cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Hou Mingjia , Zhang Yan , Gupta Ajay , Gauthier Susan A. , Wang Yi , Chen Weiwei 
Published: October 2023

Background and Purpose:
With the increasing prevalence of cerebrovascular risk factors in young adults, accurate differentiation of multiple sclerosis (MS) from cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) remains challenging because of the significant overlap in the appearance of white matter lesions on conventional magnetic resonance (MR) images. The purpose of this study was to use quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) to differentiate patients with MS from patients with SVD.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty-two patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 40 patients with SVD were selected in this institution review board-approved retrospective study. All patient examinations included QSM and T2-weighted FLAIR (T2w). All T2w hyperintense lesions were analyzed on QSM for susceptibility relative to normal-appearing white matter and were evaluated for the presence of hyperintense rims and the central vein sign. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of differentiating MS patients from SVD patients.

Results:
The mean susceptibility value of SVD lesions was significantly lower than MS lesions (2.31 ± 9.68 ppb vs. 27.77 ± 20.27 ppb, p < 0.001). Of MS patients and MS lesions, 68.8% and 22.2% had hyperintense rims on QSM, respectively. Of MS patients and MS lesions, 75% and 37.6% had a central vein sign on QSM, respectively. Lesion susceptibility values allowed accurate differentiation MS from SVD with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) = 0.848 for lesion differentiation, AUC = 0.999 for patient differentiation, and an optimal cut-off susceptibility value of 14.88 ppb.

Conclusions:
Magnetic susceptibility measured using QSM allows accurate differentiation of MS patients from SVD patients.
The Association Between Smokers’ Approach Bias and Heaviness of Use: A Focus on Light Smokers
Authors: Rougier Marine , Muller Dominique , Smeding Annique , Wiers Reinout W. , Neyroud Lison 
Published: October 2023

The relationship between heaviness of use and the approach bias (i.e., stronger approach than avoidance tendencies) toward tobacco remains ambiguous at both theoretical and empirical levels. Indeed, some models of addition would formulate opposite predictions (i.e., positive vs. negative relationship) and, as it turns out, current evidence is mixed. In three studies, we investigated this relationship among smokers (relying on a continuous measure of heaviness) and compared approach/avoidance tendencies of light smokers and non-smokers (relying on group comparison). To measure approach/avoidance tendencies, we used the Visual Approach/Avoidance by the Self Task (VAAST) that visually simulates whole body movements. This task was used as irrelevant-feature version (i.e., instructions about another dimension). Heaviness of use was assessed continuously with daily cigarette use. Data were analyzed in two Integrative Data Analyses (IDAs; a kind of meta-analysis considering jointly the raw data of the three studies), thus taking into account both significant and non-significant effects (total N = 173). In our first integrative analysis (Studies 1-3), we observed an increase in the approach bias toward tobacco as a function of heaviness of use, as well as an avoidance bias among light smokers. In our second integrative analysis (Studies 2 and 3), we found that light smokers have a stronger avoidance bias than non-smokers. While the positive relationship between heaviness of use and approach tendencies toward tobacco is consistent with most addiction models, our finding on light smokers’ avoidance bias stands in sharp contrast. These findings, however, can be incorporated into general motivational models or single-process propositional models that consider the role of goal-oriented or propositional processes, respectively.
Hubungan Intensitas Olahraga dan Kualitas Tidur Terhadap Tingkat Stres Mahasiswa Studi Kasus Mahasiswa
Authors: Dany Aditya , Kusuma Donny Wira Yudha 
Published: October 2023

Kondisi pandemi pada saat ini menyebabkan satuan pendidikan mengharuskan mahasiswa untuk belajar dari rumah. Dengan adanya perubahan metode belajar, membuat beberapa mahasiswa mulai timbul stres dikarenakan hanya berada dirumah. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa FIK UNNES angkatan 2017. Dengan pengambilan teknik sampling probability sampling. Serta menggunakan instrument pengumpulan data yaitu metode kuisioner. Kuisioner intensitas olahraga berdasarkan GPAQ, kualitas tidur PSQI dan tingkat stres berdasarkan PSS. Desain yang adalah korelasional. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif presentase dan analisis kendall’s tau b. Hasil analisis kendall’s tau b, intensitas olahraga memperoleh hasil sig. 0,045 < 0,05 dan kualitas olahraga mempunyai sig 0,012 < 0,05 maka H1 dan H2 dinyatakan diterima. Dan diperoleh nilai r intensitas olahraga sebesar -0,223, nilai r kualitas tidur sebesar -0,278 dimana keduanya berada dalam kategori rendah. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara intensitas olahraga dan tingkat stres ataupun hubungan antara kualitas tidur dan tingkat stres. Adapun saran dari penelitian ini adalah cara meningkatkan intensitas olahraga dengan membuat jadwal yang harus dilakukan secara rutin. Dan cara untuk meningkatkan kualitas tidur yaitu dengan merilekskan pikiran dan tubuh serta selalu tidur lebih awal dan tidak begadang.
Pediatric Mental Health Emergencies During 5 COVID-19 Waves in New York City
Authors: Levine Deborah A. , Oh P. Stephen , Nash Katherine A. , Simmons Will , Grinspan Zachary M. , Abramson Erika L. , Platt Shari L. , Green Cori 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVES
To describe the proportion of pediatric mental health emergency department (MH-ED) visits across 5 COVID-19 waves in New York City (NYC) and to examine the relationship between MH-ED visits, COVID-19 prevalence, and societal restrictions.

METHODS
We conducted a time-series analysis of MH-ED visits among patients ages 5 to 17 years using the INSIGHT Clinical Research Network, a database from 5 medical centers in NYC from January 1, 2016, to June 12, 2022. We estimated seasonally adjusted changes in MH-ED visit rates during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared with predicted prepandemic levels, specific to each COVID-19 wave and stratified by mental health diagnoses and sociodemographic characteristics. We estimated associations between MH-ED visit rates, COVID-19 prevalence, and societal restrictions measured by the Stringency Index.

RESULTS
Of 686 500 ED visits in the cohort, 27 168 (4.0%) were MH-ED visits. The proportion of MH-ED visits was higher during each COVID-19 wave compared with predicted prepandemic trends. Increased MH-ED visits were seen for eating disorders across all waves; anxiety disorders in all except wave 3; depressive disorders and suicidality/self-harm in wave 2; and substance use disorders in waves 2, 4, and 5. MH-ED visits were increased from expected among female, adolescent, Asian race, high Child Opportunity Index patients. There was no association between MH-ED visits and NYC COVID-19 prevalence or NY State Stringency Index.

CONCLUSIONS
The proportion of pediatric MH-ED visits during the COVID-19 pandemic was higher during each wave compared with the predicted prepandemic period, with varied increases among diagnostic and sociodemographic subgroups. Enhanced pediatric mental health resources are essential to address these findings.
Spiritual Care, Mental Health, Hearing Impairment and COVID-19
Authors: Carey Lindsay B , Grossoehme Daniel H , Kissack Fran , Newitt Mark , Nuzum Daniel , Paal Piret , Ross Linda , Snowden Austyn , Swift Chris 
Published: October 2023

This issue of Health and Social Care Chaplaincy presents a wide range of topics relating to: (i) spirituality and spiritual care education, (ii) mental health care, (iii) hearing impairment, and (iv) COVID-19 in residential aged care. A number of book reviews are presented, as well as the annual overview of HSCC. Finally, we welcome a new HSCC Editor-in-Chief and remind readers of the upcoming European Conference on Religion, Spirituality and Health planned for 2024. Further, we provide advance notice of a forthcoming conference currently in planning – namely the inaugural International Moral Injury and Wellbeing Conference (IMIWC, 2024).