bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of peripheral dose from low-dose CT to adaptive radiotherapy of postoperative prostate cancer
Authors: Gan Guanghui , Gong Wei , Jia Lecheng , Zhang Wei , Wang Shimei , Zhou Juying , Jiang Hua 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThe increasing use of computed tomography (CT) for adaptive radiotherapy (ART) has raised concerns about the peripheral radiation dose. This study investigates the feasibility of low-dose CT (LDCT) for postoperative prostate cancer ART to reduce the peripheral radiation dose, and evaluates the peripheral radiation dose of different imaging techniques and propose an image enhancement method based on deep learning for LDCT.Materials and methodsA linear accelerator integrated with a 16-slice fan-beam CT from UIH (United Imaging Healthcare, China) was utilized for prostate cancer ART. To reduce the tube current of CT for ART, LDCT was acquired. Peripheral doses of normal-dose CT (NDCT), LDCT, and mega-voltage computed tomography (MV-CT) were measured using a cylindrical Virtual Water™ phantom and an ion chamber. A deep learning model of LDCT for abdominal and pelvic-based cycle-consistent generative adversarial network was employed to enhance the image quality of LDCT. Six postoperative prostate cancer patients were selected to evaluate the feasibility of low-dose CT network restoration images (RCT) by the deep learning model for ART. The three aspects among NDCT, LDCT, and RCT were compared: the Hounsfield Unit (HU) of the tissue, the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) criterion of target and organ, and dose calculation differences.ResultsIn terms of peripheral dose, the LDCT had a surface measurement point dose of approximately 1.85 mGy at the scanning field, while the doses of NDCT and MV-CT were higher at 22.85 mGy and 29.97 mGy, respectively. However, the image quality of LDCT was worse than NDCT. When compared to LDCT, the tissue HU value of RCT showed a significant improvement and was closer to that of NDCT. The DSC results for target CTV between RCT and NDCT were also impressive, reaching up to 94% for bladder and femoral heads, 98% for rectum, and 94% for the target organ. Additionally, the dose calculation differences for the ART plan based on LDCT and NDCT were all within 1%. Overall, these findings suggest that RCT can provide an effective alternative to NDCT and MV-CT with similar or better outcomes in HU values of tissue and organ damage. More testing is required before clinical application.
High systemic immune-inflammation index predicts poor prognosis and response to intravesical BCG treatment in patients with urothelial carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Wen , Zhang Yixuan , Wang Miaomiao , Wang Miao , Yang Qingya 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) has emerged as a promising marker predicting the prognosis of some cancers, while its role in urothelial carcinoma (UC) remains uncertain, especially in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association of SII with the prognosis of UC and the response to intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).MethodsA systematic search in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was performed to identify relevant studies. The extracted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the association between SII and overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) of patients with UC. Additionally, we pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs to assess the relationship between SII and BCG response in patients with NMIBC. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to explore potential sources of heterogeneity.ResultsTwenty studies comprising a total of 12,645 patients were eligible. This meta-analysis revealed that high SII levels independently increased the risk of OS (HR 1.55, 95%CI 1.25–1.92), CSS (HR 1.82, 95%CI 1.36–2.45), and RFS (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.18–1.35) in patients with UC, including those with upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Additionally, elevated SII levels could predict a lower response to intravesical BCG treatment (OR 0.18, 95%CI 0.07–0.45) and higher disease recurrence (HR 1.61, 95%CI 1.31–1.98) in patients with NMIBC. Furthermore, elevated SII levels were positively associated with advanced age, lymphovascular invasion, hydronephrosis, and high tumor grade and stage (pT ≥ 3).ConclusionsElevated preoperative SII levels are associated with poor survival outcomes in patients with UC, as well as worse response to BCG treatment in patients with NMIBC. Therefore, SII can serve not only as an independent prognostic predictor of patients with UC but also as a guide for BCG therapy in NMIBC.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023409077, identifier CRD42023409077.
Causes of death in women with breast cancer: a risks and rates study on a population-based cohort
Authors: Contiero Paolo , Boffi Roberto , Borgini Alessandro , Fabiano Sabrina , Tittarelli Andrea , Mian Michael , Vittadello Fabio , Epifani Susi , Ardizzone Antonino , Cirilli Claudia , Boschetti Lorenza , Marguati Stefano , Cascone Giuseppe , Tumino Rosario , Fanetti Anna Clara , Giumelli Paola , Candela Giuseppa , Scuderi Tiziana , Castelli Maurizio , Bongiorno Salvatore , Barigelletti Giulio , Perotti Viviana , Veronese Chiara , Turazza Fabio , Crivaro Marina , Tagliabue Giovanna ,   the MAPACA Working Group
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe increasing survival of patients with breast cancer has prompted the assessment of mortality due to all causes of death in these patients. We estimated the absolute risks of death from different causes, useful for health-care planning and clinical prediction, as well as cause-specific hazards, useful for hypothesis generation on etiology and risk factors.Materials and methodsUsing data from population-based cancer registries we performed a retrospective study on a cohort of women diagnosed with primary breast cancer. We carried out a competing-cause analysis computing cumulative incidence functions (CIFs) and cause-specific hazards (CSHs) in the whole cohort, separately by age, stage and registry area.ResultsThe study cohort comprised 12,742 women followed up for six years. Breast cancer showed the highest CIF, 13.71%, and cardiovascular disease was the second leading cause of death with a CIF of 3.60%. The contribution of breast cancer deaths to the CIF for all causes varied widely by age class: 89.25% in women diagnosed at age &lt;50 years, 72.94% in women diagnosed at age 50–69 and 48.25% in women diagnosed at age ≥70. Greater CIF variations were observed according to stage: the contribution of causes other than breast cancer to CIF for all causes was 73.4% in women with stage I disease, 42.9% in stage II–III and only 13.2% in stage IV. CSH computation revealed temporal variations: in women diagnosed at age ≥70 the CSH for breast cancer was equaled by that for cardiovascular disease and “other diseases” in the sixth year following diagnosis, and an early peak for breast cancer was identified in the first year following diagnosis. Among women aged 50–69 we identified an early peak for breast cancer followed by a further peak near the second year of follow-up. Comparison by geographic area highlighted conspicuous variations: the highest CIF for cardiovascular disease was more than 70% higher than the lowest, while for breast cancer the highest CIF doubled the lowest.ConclusionThe integrated interpretation of absolute risks and hazards suggests the need for multidisciplinary surveillance and prevention using community-based, holistic and well-coordinated survivorship care models.
Salivary uric acid across child development and associations with weight, height, and body mass index
Authors: Riis J. L. , Dent A. L. , Silke O. , Granger D. A. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionObesity during childhood is a serious and growing chronic disease with consequences for lifelong health. In an effort to advance research into the preclinical indicators of pediatric obesity, we examined longitudinal assessments of uric acid concentrations in saliva among a cohort of healthy children from age 6-months to 12-years (n's per assessment range from 294 to 727).MethodsUsing data from a subsample of participants from the Family Life Project (an Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes Program cohort), we: (1) characterized salivary uric acid (sUA) concentrations from infancy to early adolescence by sex and race; (2) assessed changes in sUA levels across development; and (3) evaluated associations between sUA concentrations and measures of child weight, height, and body mass index (BMI). Across four assessments conducted at 6-, 24-, 90-, and 154-months of age, 2,000 saliva samples were assayed for UA from 781 participants (217 participants had sUA data at all assessments).ResultsThere were no significant differences in sUA concentrations by sex at any assessment, and differences in sUA concentrations between White and non-White children varied by age. At the 90- and 154-month assessments, sUA concentrations were positively correlated with measures of child weight, height, and BMI (90-month: weight- ρ(610) = 0.13, p &lt; 0.01; height- ρ(607) = 0.10, p &lt; 0.05; BMI- ρ(604) = 0.13, p &lt; 0.01; 154-month: weight- ρ(723) = 0.18, p &lt; 0.0001; height- ρ(721) = 0.10, p &lt; 0.01; BMI- ρ(721) = 0.17, p &lt; 0.0001). Group based trajectory modeling identified two groups of children in our sample with distinct patterns of sUA developmental change. The majority (72%) of participants showed no significant changes in sUA across time (“Stable” group), while 28% showed increases in sUA across childhood with steep increases from the 90- to 154-month assessments (“Increasing” group). Children in the Increasing group exhibited higher sUA concentrations at all assessments (6-month: t(215) = −5.71, p &lt; 0.001; 24-month: t(215) = −2.89, p &lt; 0.01; 90-month: t(215) = −3.89, p &lt; 0.001; 154-month: t(215) = −19.28, p &lt; 0.001) and higher weight at the 24- and 90-month assessments (24-month: t(214) = −2.37, p &lt; 0.05; 90-month: t(214) = −2.73, p &lt; 0.01).DiscussionOur findings support the potential utility of sUA as a novel, minimally-invasive biomarker that may help advance understanding of the mechanisms underlying obesity as well as further surveillance and monitoring efforts for pediatric obesity on a large-scale.
Trends in CV mortality among patients with known mental and behavioral disorders in the US between 1999 and 2020
Authors: Ebert Tanya , Hamuda Nashed , City-Elifaz Efrat , Kobo Ofer , Roguin Ariel 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionPatients with mental disorders are at increased risk of cardiovascular events. We aimed to assess the cardiovascular mortality trends over the last two decades among patients with mental and behavioral co-morbidities in the US.MethodsWe performed a retrospective, observational study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) Multiple Cause of Death dataset. We determined national trends in age-standardized mortality rates attributed to cardiovascular diseases in patients with and without mental and behavioral disorders, from 1999 to 2020, stratified by mental and behavioral disorders subtype [ICD10 codes F], age, gender, race, and place of residence.ResultsAmong more than 18.7 million cardiovascular deaths in the United States (US), 13.5% [2.53 million] were patients with a concomitant mental and behavioral disorder. During the study period, among patients with mental and behavioral disorders, the age-adjusted mortality rate increased by 113.9% Vs a 44.8% decline in patients with no mental disorder (both p&lt;0.05). In patients with mental and behavioral disorders, the age-adjusted mortality rate increased more significantly among patients whose mental and behavioral disorder was secondary to substance abuse (+532.6%, p&lt;0.05) than among those with organic mental disorders, such as dementia or delirium (+6.2%, P− nonsignificant). Male patients (+163.6%) and residents of more rural areas (+128–162%) experienced a more prominent increase in age-adjusted cardiovascular mortality.DiscussionWhile there was an overall reduction in cardiovascular mortality in the US in the past two decades, we demonstrated an overall increase in cardiovascular mortality among patients with mental disorders.
Clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer patients with dermatomyositis and analysis of perioperative management: a case series study
Authors: Aimaiti Muerzhate , Zhang Haoyu , Aikebaier Dilidaer , Ni Bo , Yin Hanlin , Dong Zhongyi , Zhang Yeqi , Guan Yujing , Bai Long , Wang Shuchang , Xia Xiang , Zhang Zizhen 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of gastric cancer (GC) patients with dermatomyositis (DM) and summarize the perioperative outcomes.MethodsThe clinical and pathological data of five patients diagnosed with co-occurring DM and GC (DM-GC group) were retrospectively analyzed, who were admitted to the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery at Ren ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, between January 2012 and April 2023. Their data were compared with 618 GC patients (GC-1 group) from September 2016 to August 2017 and 35 GC patients who were meticulously screened from 14,580 GC cases from January 2012 and April 2023. The matching criteria included identical gender, age, tumor location, TNM stage, and surgical procedure (7 GC patients were matched for each DM-GC patient).ResultsAnalysis indicated that the DM-GC group comprised four female and one male patient. The female proportion was significantly higher (P = 0.032) than that of GC-1 group. In DM-GC group, four DM patients were diagnosed as GC within 12 months. One DM patients was diagnosed as GC within 15 months. Among them, four patients presented with varying degrees of skin rashes, muscle weakness while one patient had elevated CK levels as the typical symptom. Similarly, the preoperative tumor markers (CA-199 and CA-125) in the DM-GC group were significantly higher than normal levels (CA-199: 100 vs. 28.6%, P = 0.002; CA-125: 40 vs. 2.9%, P = 0.003) compared to GC-2 group. Moreover, postoperative complication incidence and the length of hospital stay were significantly higher in the DM-GC than GC-2 group [complication rate: 40 vs. 8.6%, P = 0.047; hospital stay: 15 days (range: 9–28) vs. 9 days (range: 8–10), P = 0.021].ConclusionGC Patients with dermatomyositis are more prone to experience postoperative complications and longer hospital stay.
Perfil funcional de alunos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista em escolas de ensino regular
Authors: Matos Jéssica Beatriz de , De Melo Taveira Larissa , Massini Rosa Silvia Caroline , Ribeiro Rosário Lívia Maria , Silva Santos Adriana Teresa , Dos Reis Luciana Maria , Carbonari de Faria Tereza Cristina 
Published: November 2023

Introdução. O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) caracteriza-se como uma síndrome neuropsiquiátrica de alta prevalência. Objetivo. Avaliar o perfil funcional de alunos com TEA, em todos os níveis de suporte, inseridos em escolas municipais de ensino regular na cidade de Alfenas-MG frente à Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) e avaliar recursos e materiais de apoio à educação desses alunos. Método. Estudo transversal, composto por 42 alunos com TEA, de diferentes níveis, distribuídos em nove escolas da rede municipal. Para avaliar o perfil funcional foi utilizado um checklist da CIF, no qual 37 domínios do componente “Atividade e Participação” foram qualificados quanto à dificuldade em realizar tarefas relacionadas à percepção, atenção, memória, linguagem, raciocínio lógico, capacidade motora e estado emocional. Os alunos foram avaliados de forma indireta, sob a perspectiva do professor, por meio de entrevista. Resultados. Os alunos com TEA apresentaram dificuldade de ligeira a completa em onze domínios relacionados à “Linguagem” (65,2%) e de moderada a completa no domínio “dirigir atenção” (66,7%), “lidar com estresse e outras exigências psicológicas” (78,6%), “concentrar atenção” (83,3%), “interações interpessoais básicas” (69%) e “relacionamentos sociais informais” (59,5%). As escolas contam com materiais básicos de apoio, que foram considerados como facilitadores moderados. Nenhuma escola possui ou faz uso de tecnologia assistiva, o que foi considerado como barreira para o desenvolvimento dos alunos com TEA. Conclusão. O perfil funcional desse grupo analisado apontou dificuldades nas atividades que envolviam percepção, atenção e estado emocional e observou-se falta de materiais de apoio para esta população.
Vers une politique de cooperation entre les peuples : la formation retour
Authors: Wagner Michel 
Published: November 2023

La formation des travailleurs immigrés pendant leur séjour en Europe en vue d'un «retour qualifié» au pays d'origine est un sujet actuellement à l'ordre du jour. Ayant fait d'abord l'objet d'hypothèses économiques de la part de chercheurs, puis d'études de cas et enfin d'un petit nombre d'expériences, cette voie nouvelle fait aujourd'hui l'objet d'un essai, limité il est vrai, dans le cadre de la politique française en matière de migration.
Le cadre modeste et limité de cette étude voudrait, à partir de deux expériences précises vécues entre la France et l'Algérie, dans un cadre expérimental, retenir les éléments positifs comme les difficultés de telles réalisations.
La formation professionnelle des travailleurs migrants à l'étranger par l'office national d'immigration
Authors: Demondion P. 
Published: November 2023

Jusqu'au mois de juillet 1974, date de suspension des flux migratoires, l'ONI s'est efforcé de mettre à la disposition des entreprises la main-d'œuvre que certaines d'entre elles ne parvenaient pas à trouver sur le marché national de l'emploi. Main-d'œuvre banale pour une large part, mais également main-d'œuvre qualifiée recherchée par des secteurs tels que le Bâtiment et les Travaux Publics ou la Métallurgie.
Pour répondre à ces besoins spécifiques, que les seuls efforts de recrute¬ ment étaient insuffisants à satisfaire, ainsi qu'aux vœux exprimés par les pays d'émigration signataires des accords de main-d'œuvre, l'ONI a organisé depuis 1956, dans quelques pays de départ, la formation professionnelle de jeunes travailleurs candidats à l'émigration en France.
Le mirage de l'audio-visuel
Authors: Darmon Michèle 
Published: November 2023

Il y a une sorte de mirage de l’audio-visuel. Expositions temporaires avec multitude de nouveautés techniques. Appareillages coûteux et compliqués. Matériel plus ancien, dont on souligne les diverses utilisations possibles. Enfin, publicité du genre : « Apprenez une langue en trois mois par l’audio-visuel ».
Comment réagit « le moniteur d’alpha », généralement démuni de tout, devant ces promesses de miracles pédagogiques ? Devant ces machines ?
Souvent, par le désarroi : son manque de formation fait de lui la proie toute désignée des annonceurs de miracles. Il aura tendance à croire que la réussite pédagogique est l'effet des possibilités techniques de la machine.
Mais le bon sens l'emporte généralement. Il s'aperçoit que l'audio-visuel constitue un ensemble de supports, très utiles parfois. Il arrive alors, à la notion d’« aides audio-visuelles » - ou à celle de méthodologie recourant aux moyens audio-visuels.
Ce sont de ces aides, ou de ces moyens dont il sera question ici.
Apprentissage de «lectures»
Authors:   Association pour l'Enseignement aux Étrangers - Seine Saint-Denis
Published: November 2023

Compte vendu d'expérience auprès de stagiaires chômeurs analphabètes de la Seine Saint-Denis.
Trois formatrices de l’A.E.E. de la Seine Saint-Denis (Association pour l'Enseignement aux Etrangers) conduisent des cycles de formation auprès de chômeurs immigrés analphabètes. Les cycles de 270 heures chacun (27 heures par semaine durant 10 semaines) peuvent se succéder à raison de 5 par chômeur. Les stagiaires, demandeurs d’emploi après licenciement économique, perçoivent des ASSEDIC, l 'équivalent de leur dernier salaire, et les cours sont gratuits.
Les formatrices nous font part ici de l'expérience qu’elles ont menée en direction d'un apprentissage de la lecture globale et silencieuse, avec un matériel "authentique" (c' est-à-dire emprunté à la vie sociale réelle, sans retouches) dans la perspective d'un enseignement intégré.
Elles soumettent cette expérience à l’examen critique des lecteurs de Migrants-Formation pour élargir les échanges qu'elles ont déjà eus avec quelques formateurs de l'A.E.E., avec la mission de Formation de Formateurs du CREDIF, et des stagiaires-formateurs du CLAP.
Des analphabètes apprennent à lire et à écrire
Authors: Porto Dorinha 
Published: November 2023

Compte-rendu d' expérience menée pour moitié durant le temps de travail (2 séances de 2 heures par semaine) dans une usine de la Seine Saint-Denis par une responsable du service pédagogique de l’I.R.A.P. avec un groupe de travailleurs étrangers analphabètes.
Enfants de migrants : réflexions sur une stratégie éducative
Authors: Machelot Gildas , Tordjman Danièle 
Published: November 2023

II n'est pas de semaine qui s'écoule sans que la grande presse ne s'empare des problèmes de la scolarisation des migrants soit pour déplorer une situation catastrophique, soit au contraire pour souligner les efforts accomplis en ce domaine. Tantôt l'accent est mis sur les mécanismes ségrégatifs du système scolaire, qui conduisent inexorablement les jeunes migrants vers des emplois professionnels sans qualification. Tantôt ce sont les quelques expériences réalisées ici et là qui deviennent des vedettes de l'actualité, ce qui a pour effet de masquer l'importance des efforts qui restent à accomplir.
À propos d'une expérience de ce type, qui s'est déroulée à Puteaux et que j'ai eu l'occasion de suivre de près, il m'a semblé intéressant pour d'autres, de la faire connaître et de livrer les réflexions qu'elle m'a inspirées.
Les enfants de travailleurs migrants à l'école maternelle
Authors: Clévy Jean 
Published: November 2023

En décembre 1976, sous les auspices du Conseil de la coopération culturelle du Conseil de l'Europe, a eu lieu, à Berlin-Ouest un symposium sur « les facteurs qui influencent l'intégration des enfants de travailleurs migrants dans l'éducation préscolaire ».
Ce symposium avait une double vocation :
– d'une part, synthétiser les informations recueillies au cours de recherches (terminées ou en cours) ;
– d'autre part, « identifier les mesures, qui facilitent et améliorent l'intégration des enfants de migrants dans l'éducation préscolaire ».
Un compte rendu exhaustif des travaux est irréalisable en quelques pages. M. Jean Clévy, l 'un des membres de la délégation française, a bien voulu, pour les lecteurs de Migrants-Formation, résumer la conférence introductive de Mme Gratiot-Alphandéry de Paris V, en raison de sa portée générale et l'exposé de M. Ruoppila sur la notion de semi-linguisme, exposé qui présente un intérêt incontestable aussi bien pour les psychologues et les linguistes que pour les pédagogues. M. Clévy nous fait part également des recommandations adoptées par le symposium : ces recommandations pourraient être prises en compte par notre pays.