bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of a pharmacy-led screening and intervention in people at risk of or living with chronic kidney disease in a primary care setting: a cluster randomised trial protocol
Authors: Tesfaye Wubshet , Krass Ines , Sud Kamal , Johnson David W. , Van Connie , Versace Vincent L. , McMorrow Rita , Fethney Judith , Mullan Judy , Tran Anh , Robson Breonny , Vagholkar Sanjyot , Kairaitis Lukas , Gisev Natasa , Fathima Mariam , Tong Vivien , Coric Natali , Castelino Ronald L. 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionChronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasingly recognised as a growing global public health problem. Early detection and management can significantly reduce the loss of kidney function. The proposed trial aims to evaluate the impact of a community pharmacy-led intervention combining CKD screening and medication review on CKD detection and quality use of medicines (QUM) for patients with CKD. We hypothesise that the proposed intervention will enhance detection of newly diagnosed CKD cases and reduce potentially inappropriate medications use by people at risk of or living with CKD.Methods and analysisThis study is a multicentre, pragmatic, two-level cluster randomised controlled trial which will be conducted across different regions in Australia. Clusters of community pharmacies from geographical groups of co-located postcodes will be randomised. The project will be conducted in 122 community pharmacies distributed across metropolitan and rural areas. The trial consists of two arms: (1) Control Group: a risk assessment using the QKidney CKD risk assessment tool, and (2) Intervention Group: a risk assessment using the QKidney CKD plus Point-of-Care Testing for kidney function markers (serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate), followed by a QUM service. The primary outcomes of the study are the proportion of patients newly diagnosed with CKD at the end of the study period (12 months); and rates of changes in the number of medications considered problematic in kidney disease (number of medications prescribed at inappropriate doses based on kidney function and/or number of nephrotoxic medications) over the same period. Secondary outcomes include proportion of people on potentially inappropriate medications, types of recommendations provided by the pharmacist (and acceptance rate by general practitioners), proportion of people who were screened, referred, and took up the referral to visit their general practitioners, and economic and other patient-centred outcomes.Ethics and disseminationThe trial protocol has been approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee at the University of Sydney (2022/044) and the findings of the study will be presented at scientific conferences and published in peer-reviewed journal(s).Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12622000329763).
Cost-effectiveness of occupational therapy for older adults: a protocol for an updated systematic review
Authors: Kaneko Takao , Nagayama Hirofumi , Ikeda Kohei , Nakamura Takuto , Niimi Ayaka , Inoue Natsuki , Takeda Taisei , Uchida Junya 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThe ageing populations in developed countries are a global concern, with increasing numbers of older adults facing physical, cognitive and psychological challenges, resulting in reduced quality of life and higher healthcare costs. Healthcare expenditure worldwide has been on the rise, especially among older adults, emphasising the importance of enabling independent living while reducing healthcare costs. Occupational therapy holds promising outcomes in promoting functional independence and enhancing the quality of life for older adults, but research on its cost-effectiveness remains limited. This systematic review aims to evaluate the recent evidence on the cost-effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions for older adults from a pragmatic perspective.Methods and analysisThis systematic review will cover full economic evaluations, including cost-effectiveness, cost-utility and cost–benefit analyses, by reviewing randomised and cluster randomised controlled trials. The participants will be aged over 65 years without disease or disability restrictions. Primary outcomes will be assessed using functional status and quality-of-life assessments. Studies published before July 2023 will be searched in PubMed, Web of Science and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases, with no language restrictions.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this literature-based systematic review. The study’s findings will update the evaluation of occupational therapy’s cost-effectiveness in older adults and will be made public by publishing them in scholarly journals.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023453558.
Self-reported engagement in everyday activities following bilateral lung transplantation in paediatric cystic fibrosis: a single centre study
Authors: Marshall Jenny-Maree , Schneider Emma , O’Mahony Shenae , Lannin Natasha , Westall Glen Phillip , Bhopti Anoo 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionFollowing lung transplantation, it is unknown how children/adolescents self-assess their performance in everyday activities, importance of these activities, and whether resumption of everyday activities influences self-reported quality of life. The aim was to examine the effect of bilateral lung transplantation on children’s/adolescent’s perception of engagement in everyday activities over the first 18 months post-transplant.MethodsA multiple-single-case-study pre–post test design was conducted at a National Paediatric Lung Transplant Service. Participants were aged under 18 years and were 3 months post first bilateral lung transplant at the time of recruitment. Outcomes were self-reported quality of life (Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), Transplant Module and engagement in meaningful life roles (Child Occupational Self-Assessment (COSA) Scale) measured at 3 months and 18 months post-transplant from participants, and their parent(s) (PedsQL). Analysis included paired between-time differences and descriptive analysis.ResultsSeven participants were recruited to the trial with a mean age of 13 (SD 4) years and a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. The total mean scores on PedsQL remained stable between 3 months and 18 months for both participants and parents. The PedsQL transplant module total mean scores of participants significantly increased from 3 months (M=66.58, SD=11.83) to 18 months (M=80.25, SD=11.56), t(5) = 2.91, p=0.03 whereas parents’ scores remained stable. COSA responses reported ‘big problems’ with self-care tasks, family engagement and coping with worries at 3 months. At 18 months, the ‘big problem’ activities shifted to community engagement and independence.ConclusionTime influences self-reported quality of life and engagement in meaningful life roles for children/adolescents and their parents 3 months to 18 months post-lung transplant. Our findings highlight the importance of focusing on occupational roles and occupational performance of children and adolescents when designing post-transplant interventions, suggesting a key role for occupational therapy after transplantation.
Turning hierarchy on its head: are parallel learning partnerships the solution to creating inclusive cultures in healthcare?
Authors: Clifford Naomi , Clarke Martin , Conchar Catherine 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundIt is important that NHS Trusts create inclusive and compassionate organisational cultures in which black and minority ethnic (BME) staff can progress equitably. Race equality and development initiatives can be implemented to address this. The introduction of reverse and reciprocal mentoring programmes in numerous organisations has had varying levels of success. These programmes can emphasise and perpetuate hierarchical differences in pairs, causing barriers to creating mutually beneficial partnerships.ObjectivesThis paper reports the evaluation findings of a race equality and professional development initiative: the Parallel Learning Partnerships (PLP) Programme. Launched in April 2021, 27 of the Trust’s Executive and senior leadership team members were paired with 27 BME colleagues for 1 year. The authors aimed to determine the efficacy of the initiative’s design and implementation, and partner experiences and outcomes, particularly in relation to learning and any evidence of genuinely equal partnerships.ParticipantsTwenty-six programme participants responded to an online survey. One-to-one semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 programme participants.ResultsFindings revealed that the majority of participants developed effective and highly valued non-hierarchical learning partnerships. This was despite impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic creating additional pressures and affecting partnership meetings and activities. Partner outcomes included greater understanding and awareness around race equity matters, improved confidence and motivation, and enhanced leadership skills in relation to inclusivity and compassion.ConclusionThe pilot programme has been largely successful in providing an effective mechanism for BME staff to engage and connect with the Trust’s executive and senior leaders on a reciprocal, equal and mutually beneficial basis. PLP resulted in a variety of beneficial outcomes for both groups of partners which may not have been possible within comparable mentoring models. Additional positive impacts to the wider organisation are anticipated to be evident in time with the programme’s continuation.
NLRP12-associated autoinflammatory disease in Chinese adult patients: a single-centre study
Authors: Miao Junke , Zhang Jingyuan , Huang Xin , Wu Na , Wu Di , Shen Min 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundNLRP12-associated autoinflammatory disease (NLRP12-AID) is an autosomal dominant autoinflammatory disorder caused by variants ofNLRP12gene. We aimed to report a cohort of Chinese adult patients withNLRP12-AID and summarised phenotypes and genotypes.MethodsTwenty patients were diagnosed withNLRP12-AID after performing whole-exome sequencing and were included in our cohort. Demographic information, clinical data and treatment response were collected and evaluated. A literature review ofNLRP12-AID was performed, and the clinical features and mutated sites were summarised and compared with our cohort.ResultsAmong the 20NLRP12-AID patients, the main clinical features ofNLRP12-AID included fever, cutaneous rash, arthralgia/arthritis, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, lymphadenopathy, myalgia and abdominal pain/diarrhoea. ThirteenNLRP12variants were detected as F402L, G39V, R1030X, R7G, E24A, Q90X, A218V, A259V, W581X, G729R, R859W, c.-150T>C and c.*126G>C. Glucocorticoids were used in 14 patients, immunosuppressive agents in 13, and tocilizumab in 2. Seventeen patients had good responses to therapy. When compared with 50NLRP12-AID patients from other countries, Chinese patients had fewer variants in exon 3, higher incidences of cutaneous rash, pharyngitis/tonsillitis and lymphadenopathy. Among all these 70NLRP12-AID patients, patients carrying non-exon-3 variants had higher frequencies of ocular involvement, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, headache and lymphadenopathy than those with exon-3 variants.ConclusionThis is the largest cohort ofNLRP12-AID in the world and seven novel variants ofNLRP12were identified. Chinese adult patients ofNLRP12-AID had more non-specific symptoms such as pharyngitis/tonsillitis and lymphadenopathy when compared with patients from other countries, for which the less occurrence of exon-3 variants might be one possible reason.
Clinical pharmacy in hospital palliative medicine: non-randomised clinical trial
Authors: Cavalcante-Santos Lincoln Marques , Guarnieri Ana Carolina , Conegundes Fernanda Silva de Lima , Giardini Mariana Honorato , Pereira Leonardo Régis Leira , Varallo Fabiana Rossi 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveTo assess the impact of pharmaceutical care on hospital indicators and clinical outcomes of palliative care (PC) patients admitted to a secondary hospital.MethodsA non-randomised clinical trial was carried out in the PC ward of a secondary hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Pharmaceutical care for all patients aged 18 and above, admitted between October 2021 and March 2022, with stays exceeding 48 hours, was provided. The interventions required were performed in collaboration with healthcare teams, patients and caregivers. Assessments occurred at admission and discharge, using PC performance scales and pharmacotherapy tools, with Research Ethics Committee approval.ResultsOver 6 months, 120 hospitalisations were analysed, primarily involving women (58.9%), averaging 71.0 years, with neoplasm diagnoses (20.5%). A total of 170 drug-related problems were identified in 68.3% of patients. Following assessment, 361 interventions were performed, with a 78.1% acceptance rate, including medication dose adjustments, additions and discontinuations. Addressing unintentional pharmacotherapy discrepancies at admission led to reduced hospital stays (p<0.05). Pharmaceutical interventions also decreased pharmacotherapy complexity (p<0.001), inappropriate medications for the older people (p<0.001) and improved symptom management, such as pain (p<0.05).ConclusionsPharmaceutical care services integrated within the multiprofessional health team contributed to reducing drug-related problems associated with polypharmacy as well as improved the management PC symptoms in end-of-life patients, which reduced hospitalisation time.
Effect of acceleration on information delocalization
Authors: Ming Xi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe study the impact of acceleration on information delocalization under the Unruh (anti-Unruh) effect for two types of tripartite entangled states, namely the GHZ and W states. Our findings indicate that the anti-Unruh effect can result in stronger delocalization of quantum information, as measured by tripartite mutual information (TMI). Additionally, we show that the W state is more stable than the GHZ state under the influence of uniformly accelerated motion. Lastly, we extend our analysis to N-partite entangled states and product states.
Propagation of angular momentum in charged pion decay and related processes
Authors: Wang Bowen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThere are confusions about angular momentum propagation in scattering or decay processes involving the transition between particle systems that appear to transform differently under Lorentz transformations. This paper provides an analysis of the transformation properties of the states and interactions for a few typical processes within the standard model of particle physics, and performs explicit calculations showing how angular momentum transfers in these processes. We shall show explicitly (a) how a state with zero angular momentum evolves via interactions mediated by a single vector boson of spin one, and (b) that angular momentum conservation is completely consistent with the calculation in quantum field theory. A discussion is also given about the phenomenological consequences of the theoretical results obtained in this study.
Software - motipy: the Metaheuristic Optimization in Python Library
Authors: Weise Thomas 
Published: December 2023

We are thankful for the opportunity to announce our Python package "moptipy," which offers a rich set of tools for implementing, applying, and experimenting with metaheuristic optimization algorithms. Our package has been designed with benchmarking in mind and thus provides very comprehensive experimentation, data collection, and evaluation facilities out of the box. moptipy has the following features:
1. Very comprehensive documentation with many examples, reaching down to literature references inside the code and up to complex example experiments.
2. Several standard search spaces (bit strings, permutations, real vectors), operators, and algorithms, including randomized local search/hill climbers, simulated annealing, evolutionary algorithms, memetic algorithms, NSGA-II, several numerical optimization algorithms, etc., are already implemented and ready for use.
3. It is very easy to implement new algorithms using moptipy, be they general black-box methods or tailored for specific optimization problems.
4. It is also easy to integrate algorithms from external libraries and unify them under our API, which we did as proof-of-concept with CMA-ES, BOBYQA, as well as for the algorithms from SciPy.
5. Data can be collected at different verbosity levels, ranging from only providing the final result and its quality via the API (without creating any files) to creating log files with all (or all improving) steps of an algorithm, the result, the algorithm and problem parameters, the system setup, non-dominated solutions, and the random seed for fully-reproducible experiments. [1]
6. An experiment execution facility for very simple and robust parallel and distributed experimentation is provided. Parallelization and distribution works out-of-the-box based on shared folders and thus does not require additional libraries or programming effort [1].
7. Stopping criteria for optimization processes can be defined based on goal solution qualities, clock time, and/or consumed objective function evaluations.
8. All experiments are fully reproducible, i.e., from a log file an algorithm and problem can be configured such that, in the replication experiment, exactly the same search steps are performed as in the original setting [1].
9. The experiment evaluation facility can parse the log files and generate progress plots, result tables, ERT and ECDF plots, statistical test tables, and export data towards Excel or the popular IOHanalyzer.
10. Both single-objective and multi-objective optimization are supported under the same unified API.

11. The package has a good unit test coverage
and
pre-defined tools to unit test your own code. When implementing new objective functions, algorithms, encodings, oder operators, it is possible to use these tools to look for errors.
The ncBAF Complex Regulates Transcription in AML Through H3K27ac Sensing by BRD9
Authors: Klein David C. , Lardo Santana M. , Hainer Sarah J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The non-canonical BAF complex (ncBAF) subunit BRD9 is essential for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell viability but has an unclear role in leukemogenesis. Because BRD9 is required for ncBAF complex assembly through its DUF3512 domain, precise bromodomain inhibition is necessary to parse the role of BRD9 as a transcriptional regulator from that of a scaffolding protein. To understand the role of BRD9 bromodomain function in regulating AML, we selected a panel of five AML cell lines with distinct driver mutations, disease classifications, and genomic aberrations and subjected these cells to short-term BRD9 bromodomain inhibition. We examined the bromodomain-dependent growth of these cell lines, identifying a dependency in AML cell lines but not HEK293T cells. To define a mechanism through which BRD9 maintains AML cell survival, we examined nascent transcription, chromatin accessibility, and ncBAF complex binding genome-wide after bromodomain inhibition. We identified extensive regulation of transcription by BRD9 bromodomain activity, including repression of myeloid maturation factors and tumor suppressor genes, while standard AML chemotherapy targets were repressed by inhibition of the BRD9 bromodomain. BRD9 bromodomain activity maintained accessible chromatin at both gene promoters and gene-distal putative enhancer regions, in a manner that qualitatively correlated with enrichment of BRD9 binding. Furthermore, we identified reduced chromatin accessibility at GATA, ETS, and AP-1 motifs and increased chromatin accessibility at SNAIL-, HIC-, and TP53-recognized motifs after BRD9 inhibition. These data suggest a role for BRD9 in regulating AML cell differentiation through modulation of accessibility at hematopoietic transcription factor binding sites.

Significance:
The bromodomain-containing protein BRD9 is essential for AML cell viability, but it is unclear whether this requirement is due to the protein's role as an epigenetic reader. We inhibited this activity and identified altered gene-distal chromatin regulation and transcription consistent with a more mature myeloid cell state.
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Metabolic Stress-Dependent Activation of Cardiac Macrophages in a Model of Dyslipidemia-Induced Diastolic Dysfunction
Authors: Panico Cristina , Felicetta Arianna , Kunderfranco Paolo , Cremonesi Marco , Salvarani Nicolò , Carullo Pierluigi , Colombo Federico , Idini Alessandra , Passaretti Mauro , Doro Riccardo , Rubino Marcello , Villaschi Alessandro , Da Rin Giorgio , Peano Clelia , Kallikourdis Marinos , Greco Carolina M. , Condorelli Gianluigi 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:
Metabolic distress is often associated with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and represents a therapeutic challenge. Metabolism-induced systemic inflammation links comorbidities with HFpEF. How metabolic changes affect myocardial inflammation in the context of HFpEF is not known.

METHODS:

We found that ApoE knockout mice fed a Western diet recapitulate many features of HFpEF. Single-cell RNA sequencing was used for expression analysis of CD45
+
cardiac cells to evaluate the involvement of inflammation in diastolic dysfunction. We focused bioinformatics analysis on macrophages, obtaining high-resolution identification of subsets of these cells in the heart, enabling us to study the outcomes of metabolic distress on the cardiac macrophage infiltrate and to identify a macrophage-to-cardiomyocyte regulatory axis. To test whether a clinically relevant sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor could ameliorate the cardiac immune infiltrate profile in our model, mice were randomized to receive the sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor dapagliflozin or vehicle for 8 weeks.

RESULTS:
ApoE knockout mice fed a Western diet presented with reduced diastolic function, reduced exercise tolerance, and increased pulmonary congestion associated with cardiac lipid overload and reduced polyunsaturated fatty acids. The main immune cell types infiltrating the heart included 4 subpopulations of resident and monocyte-derived macrophages, determining a proinflammatory profile exclusively in ApoE knockout-Western diet mice. Lipid overload had a direct effect on inflammatory gene activation in macrophages, mediated through endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways. Investigation of the macrophage-to-cardiomyocyte regulatory axis revealed the potential effects on cardiomyocytes of multiple inflammatory cytokines secreted by macrophages, affecting pathways such as hypertrophy, fibrosis, and autophagy. Finally, we describe an anti-inflammatory effect of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibition in this model.

CONCLUSIONS:
Using single-cell RNA sequencing in a model of diastolic dysfunction driven by hyperlipidemia, we have determined the effects of metabolic distress on cardiac inflammatory cells, in particular on macrophages, and suggest sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents for the targeting of a specific phenotype of HFpEF.