bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptomic dynamics in the transition from ground to space are revealed by Virgin Galactic human-tended suborbital spaceflight
Authors: Ferl Robert J. , Zhou Mingqi , Strickland Hunter F. , Haveman Natasha J. , Callaham Jordan B. , Bandla Sirisha , Ambriz Daniel , Paul Anna-Lisa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Virgin Galactic Unity 22 mission conducted the first astronaut-manipulated suborbital spaceflight experiment. The experiment examined the operationalization of Kennedy Space Center Fixation Tubes (KFTs) as a generalizable approach to preserving biology at various phases of suborbital flight. The biology chosen for this experiment was Arabidopsis thaliana, ecotype Col-0, because of the plant history of spaceflight experimentation within KFTs and wealth of comparative data from orbital experiments. KFTs were deployed as a wearable device, a leg pouch attached to the astronaut, which proved to be operationally effective during the course of the flight. Data from the inflight samples indicated that the microgravity period of the flight elicited the strongest transcriptomic responses as measured by the number of genes showing differential expression. Genes related to reactive oxygen species and stress, as well as genes associated with orbital spaceflight, were highly represented among the suborbital gene expression profile. In addition, gene families largely unaffected in orbital spaceflight were diversely regulated in suborbital flight, including stress-responsive transcription factors. The human-tended suborbital experiment demonstrated the operational effectiveness of the KFTs in suborbital flight and suggests that rapid transcriptomic responses are a part of the temporal dynamics at the beginning of physiological adaptation to spaceflight.
A multimodal dataset of real world mobility activities in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Morgan Catherine , Tonkin Emma L. , Masullo Alessandro , Jovan Ferdian , Sikdar Arindam , Khaire Pushpajit , Mirmehdi Majid , McConville Ryan , Tourte Gregory J. L. , Whone Alan , Craddock Ian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by motor symptoms such as gait dysfunction and postural instability. Technological tools to continuously monitor outcomes could capture the hour-by-hour symptom fluctuations of PD. Development of such tools is hampered by the lack of labelled datasets from home settings. To this end, we propose REMAP (REal-world Mobility Activities in Parkinson’s disease), a human rater-labelled dataset collected in a home-like setting. It includes people with and without PD doing sit-to-stand transitions and turns in gait. These discrete activities are captured from periods of free-living (unobserved, unstructured) and during clinical assessments. The PD participants withheld their dopaminergic medications for a time (causing increased symptoms), so their activities are labelled as being “on” or “off” medications. Accelerometry from wrist-worn wearables and skeleton pose video data is included. We present an open dataset, where the data is coarsened to reduce re-identifiability, and a controlled dataset available on application which contains more refined data. A use-case for the data to estimate sit-to-stand speed and duration is illustrated.
The Mediterranean archive of isotopic data, a dataset to explore lifeways from the Neolithic to the Iron Age
Authors: Farese Martina , Soncin Silvia , Robb John , Fernandes Ricardo , Tafuri Mary Anne 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe present the open-access Mediterranean Archive of Isotopic dAta (MAIA) dataset, which includes over 48,000 isotopic measurements from prehistoric human, animal and plant samples from archaeological sites in the Mediterranean basin dating from the Neolithic to the Iron Age (ca. 6000 – 600 BCE). MAIA collates isotopic measurements (δ13C, δ15N, δ34S, δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr) alongside supporting information (e.g. chronology, location and bibliographic reference). MAIA can be used to explore past human and animal diets and mobility, reconstruct paleo-ecological and -climatic phenomena and investigate human-environment interaction throughout later prehistory in the Mediterranean. MAIA has multiple research applications and here we show how it can be used to evaluate sample preservation and identify data gaps to be addressed in future research. MAIA is available in an open-access format and can be employed in archaeological, anthropological, and paleo-ecological research.
Copper foam supported g-C3N4-metal–organic framework bacteria biohybrid cathode catalyst for CO2 reduction in microbial electrosynthesis
Authors: Noori Md Tabish , Mansi  , Sundriyal Shashank , Shrivastav Vishal , Giri Balendu Sekhar , Holdynski Marcin , Nogala Wojciech , Tiwari Umesh K. , Gupta Bhavana , Min Booki 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMicrobial electrosynthesis (MES) presents a versatile approach for efficiently converting carbon dioxide (CO2) into valuable products. However, poor electron uptake by the microorganisms from the cathode severely limits the performance of MES. In this study, a graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)-metal–organic framework (MOF) i.e. HKUST-1 composite was newly designed and synthesized as the cathode catalyst for MES operations. The physiochemical analysis such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy showed the successful synthesis of g-C3N4-HKUST-1, whereas electrochemical assessments revealed its enhanced kinetics for redox reactions. The g-C3N4-HKUST-1 composite displayed excellent biocompatibility to develop electroactive biohybrid catalyst for CO2 reduction. The MES with g-C3N4-HKUST-1 biohybrid demonstrated an excellent current uptake of 1.7 mA/cm2, which was noted higher as compared to the MES using g-C3N4 biohybrid (1.1 mA/cm2). Both the MESs could convert CO2 into acetic and isobutyric acid with a significantly higher yield of 0.46 g/L.d and 0.14 g/L.d respectively in MES with g-C3N4-HKUST-1 biohybrid and 0.27 g/L.d and 0.06 g/L.d, respectively in MES with g-C3N4 biohybrid. The findings of this study suggest that g-C3N4-HKUST-1 is a highly efficient catalytic material for biocathodes in MESs to significantly enhance the CO2 conversion.
Complex motion of steerable vesicular robots filled with active colloidal rods
Authors: Lee Sophie Y. , Schönhöfer Philipp W. A. , Glotzer Sharon C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhile the collective motion of active particles has been studied extensively, effective strategies to navigate particle swarms without external guidance remain elusive. We introduce a method to control the trajectories of two-dimensional swarms of active rod-like particles by confining the particles to rigid bounding membranes (vesicles) with non-uniform curvature. We show that the propelling agents spontaneously form clusters at the membrane wall and collectively propel the vesicle, turning it into an active superstructure. To further guide the motion of the superstructure, we add discontinuous features to the rigid membrane boundary in the form of a kinked tip, which acts as a steering component to direct the motion of the vesicle. We report that the system’s geometrical and material properties, such as the aspect ratio and Péclet number of the active rods as well as the kink angle and flexibility of the membrane, determine the stacking of active particles close to the kinked confinement and induce a diverse set of dynamical behaviors of the superstructure, including linear and circular motion both in the direction of, and opposite to, the kink. From a systematic study of these various behaviors, we design vesicles with switchable and reversible locomotions by tuning the confinement parameters. The observed phenomena suggest a promising mechanism for particle transportation and could be used as a basic element to navigate active matter through complex and tortuous environments.
Effective adsorption of amoxicillin by using UIO-66@ Cr-MIL-101 nanohybrid: isotherm, kinetic, thermodynamic, and optimization by central composite design
Authors: Sharafinia Soheila , Rashidi Alimorad , Tabarkhoon Farnoush , Dehghan Fahime , Tabarkhoon Farnaz , Bazmi Mohammad 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this research, the amoxicillin (AMX) removal was studied on a prepared nanosorbent from MOFs. The aim of this research work is to prepare nanohybrids based on metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as an efficient nanosorbent for the absorption of amoxicillin drug. In this study, UIO-66 nanoparticles (UIO-66 NPs) were prepared from Zirconium (Zr) metal and 1,4-benzene dicarboxylic acid (BDC). Then UIO-66@Cr-MIL-101 nanohybrid was synthesized by hydrothermal method. Structural and physicochemical properties of nanohybrid UIO-66@Cr-MIL-101 were characterized by different analyses such as X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), therapeutic goods administration (TGA), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). The effect of four fundamental variables effective on adsorption was optimized by the central composite response surface methodology (CCRSM). This parameters including loading percentage of Cr-MIL-101 NPs (10–30%), initial concentration of AMX (20–140 mg L−1), contact time (20–60 min), and pH (20–10). The removal percentage (Re%) of AMX equal to 99.50% was obtained under the following conditions: The loading value of 20% Wt%, the initial concentration of AMX 80 mg L−1, contact time 20 min, and pH = 6. Also, the experimental data were investigated with famous kinetic models and isotherms, and it was observed that AMX removal by nanohybrid is correlated with the PSO kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm.
Machine learning identifies right index finger tenderness as key signal of DAS28-CRP based psoriatic arthritis activity
Authors: Rischke Samuel , Poor Sorwe Mojtahed , Gurke Robert , Hahnefeld Lisa , Köhm Michaela , Ultsch Alfred , Geisslinger Gerd , Behrens Frank , Lötsch Jörn 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPsoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory systemic disease whose activity is often assessed using the Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28-CRP). The present study was designed to investigate the significance of individual components within the score for PsA activity. A cohort of 80 PsA patients (44 women and 36 men, aged 56.3 ± 12 years) with a range of disease activity from remission to moderate was analyzed using unsupervised and supervised methods applied to the DAS28-CRP components. Machine learning-based permutation importance identified tenderness in the metacarpophalangeal joint of the right index finger as the most informative item of the DAS28-CRP for PsA activity staging. This symptom alone allowed a machine learned (random forests) classifier to identify PsA remission with 67% balanced accuracy in new cases. Projection of the DAS28-CRP data onto an emergent self-organizing map of artificial neurons identified outliers, which following augmentation of group sizes by emergent self-organizing maps based generative artificial intelligence (AI) could be defined as subgroups particularly characterized by either tenderness or swelling of specific joints. AI-assisted re-evaluation of the DAS28-CRP for PsA has narrowed the score items to a most relevant symptom, and generative AI has been useful for identifying and characterizing small subgroups of patients whose symptom patterns differ from the majority. These findings represent an important step toward precision medicine that can address outliers.
A ginger extract improves ocular blood flow in rats with endothelin-induced retinal blood flow dysfunction
Authors: Takahashi Nana , Sato Kota , Kiyota Naoki , Tsuda Satoru , Murayama Namie , Nakazawa Toru 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a ginger extract on optic nerve head blood flow (ONH BF) under endothelin-1 (ET-1) stimulation. Using laser speckle flowgraphy, we measured ONH BF in brown Norway rats. To establish the ONH BF impairment profile under ET-1 stimulation, we administered an intravitreal injection of ET-1 under anesthesia. We then gave the ginger extract sublingually to assess its effect on ONH BF in both normal and ET-1-induced ischemic conditions. Post ET-1 injection, there were no significant changes in parameters including intraocular pressure or systemic factors. ONH BF showed a dose-dependent decline after ET-1 injection, with a significant reduction after a 2.50 pmol ET-1 dose. Sublingual administration of the ginger extract significantly improved ONH BF in both normal and ET-1-stimulated rats. This suggests that our newly developed supplement for improving ONH BF has a potential role in retinal ischemic diseases, including glaucoma.
The association of tonsillar microbiota with biochemical indices based on obesity and tonsillar hypertrophy in children
Authors: Park Jiwon , Lee Kyeong Eun , Choi Da Hyeon , Kim Yoon-Keun , Lee Won Hee , Kim Min Su , Sung Han Wool John , Chang Jae Won , Park Yoon Shin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe correlation between tonsil microbiome and tonsillar hypertrophy has not been well established. Given that oral dysbiosis is related to several metabolic diseases and that tonsillar hypertrophy leads to disordered breathing during sleep and obesity in children, it is necessary to investigate the relationship between the oral microbiome and tonsillar hypertrophy. After 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of tonsillectomy samples, we evaluated the correlation between the tonsil microbiome and biochemical blood indices in pediatric patients who underwent tonsillectomy. Groups are classified into two categories: based on BMI, and grades 2, 3, and 4 based on tonsil size. Children with obesity and tonsillar hypertrophy have similar microbiome compositions and induce comparable changes in microbiome abundance and composition, confirming the association from a metagenomic perspective. In addition, obesity and tonsillar hypertrophy demonstrated a strong correlation with the Proteobacteria to Firmicutes (P/F) ratio, and among various biochemical indicators, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels increase with obesity and tonsillar hypertrophy, indicating a possible association of tonsil microbiome and liver metabolism. These novel findings demonstrate the significance of the tonsil microbiome and suggest the need for tonsil regulation, particularly during childhood.
Numerical simulation of strength and failure analysis of heterogeneous sandstone under different loading rates
Authors: Zhu Weihao , Wang Feng , Mu Jun , Yin Dawei , Lu Lang , Chen Zetao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNatural rock masses often contain heterogeneous structures with varying sizes, non-uniform distributions, and strengths, which influence the mechanical response characteristics and crack propagation modes under loading. Furthermore, heterogeneous structures can affect the stability of the rock mass, in serious cases, leading to geotechnical and mining engineering disasters. In the present work, a parallel-bond model (PBM)-based numerical simulation using Particle Flow Code (PFC) was carried out to study the strength and failure characteristics of sandstone specimens with heterogeneous structures under different loading rates. The results show that the peak strength increases with the increasing loading rate. In addition, all of the initial cracks occurred at the edges of the heterogeneous structures of specimens under different loading rates. The greater the loading rate, the greater the stress concentration degree at the edge of the heterogeneous structures, the greater the dissipated energy as the sandstone specimens with heterogeneous structures suffer damage, the more intense the acoustic emission activity, and the greater the damage degree of the specimens. The number of cracks generated in sandstone specimens with heterogeneous structures increases gradually with the increasing loading rate during the initial loading stage, and gradually decreases after the specimens are damaged. Cracks propagate and develop from the upper right region to the lower right region of the specimens, forming crack groups that rapidly penetrate the specimens, leading to failure. Under different loading rates, the final failure behavior of the sandstone specimens with heterogeneous structures changes from an inverted V-type to θ-type, then gradually evolves to O-type failure.
Enhancing spatial resolution in Fourier transform infrared spectral image via machine learning algorithms
Authors: Lim Mina , Park Kyu Ho , Hwang Jae Sung , Choi Mikyung , Shin Hui Youn , Kim Hong-Kyu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOwing to the intrinsic signal noise in the characterization of chemical structures through Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, the determination of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) depends on the level of the concentration of the chemical structures. In situations characterized by limited concentrations of chemical structures, the traditional approach involves mitigating the resulting low SNR by superimposing repetitive measurements. In this study, we achieved comparable high-quality results to data scanned 64 times and superimposed by employing machine learning algorithms such as the principal component analysis and non-negative matrix factorization, which perform the dimensionality reduction, on FT-IR spectral image data that was only scanned once. Furthermore, the spatial resolution of the mapping images correlated to each chemical structure was enhanced by applying both the machine learning algorithms and the Gaussian fitting simultaneously. Significantly, our investigation demonstrated that the spatial resolution of the mapping images acquired through relative intensity is further improved by employing dimensionality reduction techniques. Collectively, our findings imply that by optimizing research data through noise reduction enhancing spatial resolution using the machine learning algorithms, research processes can be more efficient, for instance by reducing redundant physical measurements.
The effect of fructose exposure on amino acid metabolism among Chinese community residents and its possible multi-omics mechanisms
Authors: Rang Ouyan , Qin Xinru , Tang Yonghong , Cao Lin , Li Guojuan , Liu Xiaocheng , Zhong Jing , Wang Mu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe consumption of fructose has increased dramaticly during the last few decades, inducing a great increase in the risk of intrahepatic lipid accumulation, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia and cancer. However, the underlying mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated. Amino acid metabolism may play an important role in the process of the diseases caused by fructose, but there is still a lack of corresponding evidence. In present study, we provide an evidence of how fructose affects amino acids metabolism in 1895 ordinary residents in Chinese community using UPLC-QqQMS based amino acid targeted metabolomics and the underlying mechanism of fructose exposure how interferes with amino acid metabolism related genes and acetylated modification of proteome in the liver of rats model. We found people with high fructose exposure had higher levels of Asa, EtN, Asp, and Glu, and lower levels of 1MHis, PEtN, Arg, Gln, GABA, Aad, Hyl and Cys. The further mechanism study displayed amino acid metabolic genes ofAspa,Cndp1,Dbt,Dmgdh,and toxic metabolites such asN-acetylethanolamines accumulation, interference of urea cycle, as well as acetylated modification of key enzymes in glutamine metabolic network and glutamine derived NEAAs synthesis pathway in liver may play important roles in fructose caused reprogramming in amino acid metabolism. This research provides novel insights of the mechanism of amino acid metabolic disorder caused by fructose and supplies new targets for clinical therapy.
Distinctive approach in brain tumor detection and feature extraction using biologically inspired DWT method and SVM
Authors: Kumar Ankit , Pandey Saroj Kumar , varshney Neeraj , Singh Kamred Udham , Singh Teekam , Shah Mohd Asif 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBrain tumors result from uncontrolled cell growth, potentially leading to fatal consequences if left untreated. While significant efforts have been made with some promising results, the segmentation and classification of brain tumors remain challenging due to their diverse locations, shapes, and sizes. In this study, we employ a combination of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to enhance performance and streamline the medical image segmentation process. Proposed method using Otsu's segmentation method followed by PCA to identify the most informative features. Leveraging the grey-level co-occurrence matrix, we extract numerous valuable texture features. Subsequently, we apply a Support Vector Machine (SVM) with various kernels for classification. We evaluate the proposed method's performance using metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the Dice Similarity Index coefficient. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of our approach, with recall rates of 86.9%, precision of 95.2%, F-measure of 90.9%, and overall accuracy. Simulation of the results shows improvements in both quality and accuracy compared to existing techniques. In results section, experimental Dice Similarity Index coefficient of 0.82 indicates a strong overlap between the machine-extracted tumor region and the manually delineated tumor region.
Higher cyclosporine-A concentration increases the risk of relapse in AML following allogeneic stem cell transplantation from unrelated donors using anti-thymocyte globulin
Authors: Lisak Mikael , Nicklasson Malin , Palmason Robert , Wichert Stina , Isaksson Cecila , Andersson Per-Ola , Johansson Jan-Erik , Lenhoff Stig , Brune Mats , Hansson Markus 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCyclosporine-A (CsA) is used to prevent acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD). European Society for Blood and Marrow transplantation (EBMT) recommends a CsA target serum concentration of 200–300 µg/L during the first month after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). With this study, we investigated whether a median CsA concentration > 200 µg/L (CsAhigh) the first month after HSCT, compared to ≤ 200 µg/L (CsAlow), increased the relapse risk of acute myloid leukemia (AML), using unrelated donors (URD) and antithymocyte globulin (ATG). Data was collected from 157 patients with AML, transplanted 2010–2016. The cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) at 60 months was 50% in the CsAhigh versus 32% in the CsAlow group (p = 0.016). In univariate analysis, CsAhigh versus CsAlow (p = 0.028), 10-unit increase of CsA as a continuous variable (p = 0.017) and high risk disease (p = 0.003) were associated with higher CIR. The results remained after adjusting for disease risk. Death following relapse occurred more frequently in the CsAhigh group (p = 0.0076). There were no significant differences in rates of aGvHD, chronic GvHD (cGvHD), EBV/CMV-infections or overall survival (OS) between the two groups. In conclusion, we found that a median CsA concentration > 200 µg/L, the first month after HSCT, results in higher CIR of AML when combined with ATG.