bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lovastatin inhibits the proliferation of HNSCC cells by downregulating the MCM complex after PPARγ activation
Authors: Zhang xuebing , Niu Sujuan , Gao Ying , Na La , Bai YiJie , Xu XiaoHui , Hou JianMing , Bi Zhehui , Li Qi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Statins have a protective effect overall cancer risk. However, the effect of lovastatin on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. Here, we focused on the potential role of PPARγ in the lovastatin-mediated inhibition of malignant development in HNSCC.
Methods
The postoperative survival of HNSCC patients treated with or without lovastatin was statistically analyzed, and the expression of Ki67 was detected via immunohistochemistry. EdU expression in the tumor tissue of nude mice was detected by immunofluorescence. The proliferation and migration of HNSCC cells were detected by CCK-8, scratch healing and Transwell assays. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were detected via flow cytometry. The expression levels of PPARγ and MCM in cells and human HNSCC tissues were detected by western blotting and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The contribution of PPARγ to the effect of lovastatin on HNSCC was verified by treatment with a PPARγ antagonist (GW9662) and PPARγ knockdown.
Results
A case‒control study revealed that patients who used lovastatin had a better prognosis and lower Ki67 expression in tumor tissues than patients who did not receive lovastatin. Lovastatin also inhibited HNSCC growth in nude mice (n = 5) and decreased EdU expression in tumors. Lovastatin inhibited proliferation by activating PPARγ and downregulating MCM complexes in HNSCC cells. In addition, after PPARγ activation, lovastatin inhibited migration and enhanced the cisplatin sensitivity of CaL-27 cells.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that PPARγ may be a target of lovastatin in inhibiting the proliferation of HNSCC cells and improving patient prognosis.
OX26-cojugated gangliosilated liposomes to improve the post-ischemic therapeutic effect of CDP-choline
Authors: d'Avanzo Nicola , Paolino Donatella , Barone Antonella , Ciriolo Luigi , Mancuso Antonia , Cristiano Maria Chiara , Celia Christian , Deng Xiaoyong , Fresta Massimo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cerebrovascular impairment still represents one of the main causes of death worldwide with a mortality rate of 5.5 million per year. Furthermore, the disability of 50% of surviving patients represents a factor with both a high social impact and high costs for long periods of time for national healthcare systems. For these reasons, the efficacious clinical treatment of patients suffering of a brain ischemic stroke is still a medical need. To this aim, a liposome nanomedicine having monosialic ganglioside type 1 (GM1) between its constituent and bearing OX26 (an anti-transferrin receptor antibody) was prepared by entrapping CDP-choline (a neurotrophic drug) (CDP-choline/OX26Lip), characterized and tested in vivo on an ischemic rat model. CDP-choline/OX26Lip were prepared by a freeze and thaw followed by extrusion through polycarbonate filters, thus achieving ~80 nm mean size and a homogeneous size distribution. It was demonstrated that CDP-choline/OX26Lip showed a suitable stability in the presence of human serum. CDP-choline/OX26Lip showed also a suitable pharmacokinetic profile, having 30.0±4.2 % of the administered dose in the blood stream 12 h after its systemic administration. The post-ischemic therapeutic effect of CDP-choline/OX26Lip is better than CDP-choline/Lip, thus showing a significant greater survival rate of re-perfused post-ischemic rats, i.e. 96% and 78% after 8 days, respectively. The treatment with CDP-choline/OX26Lip significantly decreased the peroxidation rate of almost 5-fold compared to CDP-choline/Lip, as expressed in amount of conjugated dienes,i.e. 13.9 ± 1.1 and 3.1 ± 0.8 mmol/mg proteins, respectively. The increased therapeutic effect could be attributed to the improved accumulation of the encapsulated CDP-choline delivered by the OX26-conjugated GM1-liposomes. Therefore, this nanomedicine may represent a suitable strategy for the reassessment of CDP-choline as a line option in the therapeutic treatment of post-ischemic events caused by brain stroke, thus responding to significant clinical needs.
Model-Driven Approach to In-Network Computing: A Case Study for Parallel Quicksort
Authors: Koç Güler , İmre Kayhan M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This article describes how Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) is applied in the development of parallel algorithms using In-Network Computing (INC). The parallel quicksort algorithm is used as a case study to demonstrate the incorporation of In-Network Computing into a specific parallel algorithm for ensuring load balance. The technique used for load balancing is intersecting prefix-sum and postfix-sum operations that determine the network split point for a good prospect of load balancing. Those two operations are done on network as an INC component of parallel quicksort algorithm. The network topology used in the algorithm is fat tree. Computations at compute nodes, INC computations at network switches, and fat tree topology are modeled together at a platform-independent level as part of MDA. Verification of the algorithm is done by translating the platform-independent model into a platform-specific model, which in this case is the simulator. The simulator can be used for both debugging and initial performance evaluation of the INC-enabled parallel quicksort algorithm.
Identification Potential Biomarker for Bladder Cancer using Feature Selection
Authors: Yu Qian , Dong Haofan , Liu Shufan , Li Yu , Luo Junwei , Wu Xin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to utilize machine learning techniques to identify biomarkers associated with the diagnosis of bladder cancer, providing valuable insights into its early pathogenesis and exploring their potential as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets.
Methods
Initially, we conducted a comparative analysis of the genomes between bladder cancer samples, focusing on identifying the most significant differences between the cancer group and the normal group. Next, we employed machine learning techniques for feature selection and identified a key gene by integrating ferroptosis-related genes into our analysis. Moreover, we integrated transcriptome data, somatic mutation data, and clinical data to perform comprehensive analyses, including functional enrichment analysis, tumor mutation load analysis, immune infiltration analysis, and pan-cancer analysis. These analyses aimed to elucidate the pathological relevance of the candidate genes. Furthermore, we constructed a ceRNA network to identify the genes and regulatory pathways associated with these candidate genes.
Results
We initially conducted screening using the Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis and machine learning techniques, resulting in the identification of six candidate genes: NR4A1, PAMR1, CFD, RAI2, ALG3, and HAAO. Subsequently, by integrating data from the FerrDB database, we identified NR4A1 as a gene associated with ferroptosis. Additionally, our analysis revealed a correlation between the expression of NR4A1 and tumor mutations as well as immune infiltration in patients with bladder cancer.
Conclusion
Our data strongly suggest that NR4A1 could serve as a crucial prognostic biomarker for bladder cancer and may also play a role in the development of various other cancers.
Brexpiprazole regulates EMT and metastasis through inhibition of SREBP1/SNAI1 signalling pathway in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Liu Xiaojie , Xia Wenjun , He Jingyi , Xia Zhiyang , Chen Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the role and mechanism of SREBP1/SNAI1 signalling pathway in the effect of brexpiprazole on EMT and metastasis of CRC.
Methods:The effects of different concentrations of brexpiprazole on the migration and invasion in vitro as well as the expression of proteins are were examined by cell scratch, Transwell, Western blot, ELISA, immunofluorescence, dual luciferase promoter assay, transmission electron microscopy. A metastatic model of CRC in nude mice was established, Western blot,HE staining, and PET/CT were utilized to explore the effects of brexpiprazole on lung metastasis of CRC.
Results:Brexpiprazole significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of CRC , down-regulated the expression levels of SREBP1(m), Snail and MMP9 , up-regulated E-Cad and ZO1 and decreased the secretion levels of ICAM-1 and VEGF in the supernatant of CRC.Western blot and dual luciferase assays showed that SREBP1 could directly govern on the expression level of SANI1. In vivo experiments, on the other hand, showed that brexpiprazole significantly inhibited the formation of CRC lung metastases, suppressed the expression of SREBP1(m), Snail and MMP9, and up-regulated the expression of E-Cad and ZO1.
Conclusion:Brexpiprazole inhibited migration, invasion and metastasis of CRC by inhibiting the SREBP1/SNAI1 signalling pathway and down-regulating the expression of EMT-related factors.
An Intelligent System for Surgical Tools Checking, using Vision and Deep Learning
Authors: Wu Sichen Daniel , Le Marcus Chan Rong , Peh Yi En , Tan Seok Hwee Sandra 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective: Currently, Operating Rooms (OR) check surgical tools manually before and after every surgery and sterilisation, making the process tedious. In addition, each hospital’s OR teams have different work processes, making standardisation challenging and staff training obsolete as they move from one hospital to another. Coupled with manpower challenges in healthcare, this makes ORs significantly inefficient. We propose a standardised system which leverages on Deep Learning to increase inter-organisational effectiveness by expediting tool accounting. Photos of surgical tools were taken, making up a dataset which we trained with using TensorFlow API. We tested the detection confidence of our trained models on each surgical tool and tabulated our results.
Results: Our initial test showed many False Negative results, with True Positive results for only 3 tools. After adjusting our model training process for the second test, an improvement was seen with only 1 False Negative result produced. Our project shows potential for deep learning to be used in the future to streamline backend surgical processes, if limitations such as similarities between tools, inconsistent number of training images, and insufficient training images are worked on.
Data Analytics based Surface Energy Analysis of Natural Fibers Treated with CMC Powder, Epoxy Resin along with Amine-based Hardeners for Improved Adhesion
Authors: Mishra Surbhi , Paliwal Deepak , Chakrabarti Prasun , Chakrabarti Tulika , Margala Martin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The comparative analysis of surface energy in natural fibers is a pivotal exploration that delves into the intricate dynamics governing the interaction between fibers and composite additives. This study investigated the surface energy responses of jute, coconut coir, hemp, bamboo, and flax fibers. The evaluation of surface energy has been conducted by employing the Young-Dupre equation, considering an epoxy resin augmented with an amine-based hardener and CMC powder. The optimum concentration of the amine-based hardener has been identified for the conduction of comparative study under standardized conditions. The study identified that Jute fiber exhibited a remarkable and distinctive response to the addition of CMC powder among selected natural fibers. The surface energy levels of jute surpassed other natural fibers, especially when the CMC powder concentration exceeded 1.5%. The findings suggest that the use of CMC powder in combination with epoxy resin and amine-based hardeners can significantly improve the surface energy of natural fibers.
Disease characteristics and hospitalization burden among older inpatients with hypertension in tertiary general hospitals in Jiangsu Province, China: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Zhang Hai-bo , Xie Jia-dong , Li Zheng-jun , Zhang Lei , Zhang Meng , Yao Ling , Yang Yi , Liu Jin , Li Si , Shen Jun-long , Chen Yan , Wen Wen-ting , Zhao Jun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to analyze disease characteristics and the hospitalization burden of older inpatients with hypertension in tertiary general hospitals in China, and to provide data support and decision-making basis for the Diagnosis Related Groups (DRG) payment system reform and health management service for elderly hypertension in tertiary general hospitals.
Design: Retrospective chart review.
Setting: Two tertiary general hospitals in Jiangsu Province, China.
Participants: The participants were older adult inpatients who were treated at the two hospitals during the study period, totaling 54,181.
Primary and secondary outcome measures: Front page data of inpatient medical records from 2015 to 2020 were collected from two tertiary general hospitals in Jiangsu Province, China. Demographic and disease characteristics of older hospitalized patients with hypertension were analyzed and their relationship to the hospital burden was quantified from the perspective of “disease occurrence-disease burden” assessment.
Results: From 2015 to 2020, the number of elderly hypertension inpatients in tertiary hospitals increased by 4.3-fold, and the average comorbidity count rose from 4.13 to 4.86. Based on the 10th Revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, common comorbidities included "hypertension + diabetes," "hypertension + cerebrovascular disease," and "hypertension + ischemic heart disease." The average annual hospitalization cost for elderly hypertension inpatients showed a consistent increase, primarily driven by drug, diagnosis, and treatment expenses. Hospital stay duration and comorbidity count exhibited a significant positive correlation with the total cost of individual hospitalization.
Conclusions: This study highlights the challenges hospitals face in managing the increasing burden of comorbidities in older adults with hypertension. The prevalence and rate of older inpatients with hypertension have been steadily increasing year after year. Furthermore, the number of comorbidities in patients is positively correlated with the burden of hospitalization. Future studies with larger and more diverse samples are warranted to examine how various factors influence the condition and treatment of such patients. The proposed measures for using information technology are valuable for healthcare providers and policymakers.
Characteristics of co-existing psoriatic plaques in generalized pustular psoriasis patients with or without IL36RN mutation
Authors: Hsieh Chang-Yu , Chen Po-Hua , Huang Chang-Ming , Tsai Tsen-Fang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Fewer than 5% patients with generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) have clear or almost clear skin between GPP flare and 31 ~ 78% of patients present with co-existing psoriasis plaques. The erythema, thickness and scaling of co-existing psoriasis plaques in patients with GPP were assessed by two independent dermatologists who were unknown of IL36RN mutation status. Twenty IL36RN c.115 + 6T > C mutation positive patients and 20 mutation negative patients were included for paired analysis. We found that compared with IL36RN mutation negative group, more IL36RN mutation positive patients had erythema or thickness subscore ≦ 2 (p = 0.0407, 0.0202). The clinical, therapeutical and pathophysiological implications of the findings remain to be studied.
Hip joint articulotrochanteric distance measurements in children: articulotrochanteric distance in children aged 5 to 14 years does not grow with age
Authors: Yang Di , Ouyang Haiping , Wang Zhongliang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
For pediatric orthopedists, previous studies have used the articulotrochanteric distance (ATD) to determine the growth of the greater trochanter in many diseases such as Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD), Developmental dysplaisa of the hips (DDH), Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), dislocation of the hips. The first objective of this study is to determine whether age affects the ATD recorded in hip orthographic radiographs of children under the age of 14. The second objective is to study the growth rate of greater trochanter.
Methods
We reviewed radiological results of 1787 cases of hip joint radiographs. The ATD, trochanter-to-trochanter distance (TTD), lesser trochanter-to-articular surface distance (LTA), femoral head epiphyseal plate-to-lesser trochanter distance (ELD) were measured. Group was performed according to gender and age. Independent sample t-test, one-Way ANOVA were used.
Results
A total of 1787 cases of hip joints from six months to 14 years old were reviewed. The overall mean ATD of male aged 5 to 14 were 23.51 mm (p > 0.05), and that of female was 21.40 mm (p > 0.05), 95% confidence interval for male was (14.96, 31.60) mm, for female it was (13.99, 30.40) mm. TTD, LTA, TTD/ELD and TTD/LTA were increased with age. k (TTD/AGE) was decreased with age and no statistical significance in k− male among male aged 8–14 (p > 0.05) and k− female among female aged 6–14 (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
Our data showed that the ATD of children aged 5 to 14 years old was different between male and female in hip orthographic radiographs, but there was no difference between different ages. And the greater trochanter grows faster before the age of 8 for male and 6 for female.
Growth-associated protein 43 and tensor-based morphometry indices in mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Seyedmirzaei Homa , Salmannezhad Amirhossein , Ashayeri Hamidreza , Shushtari Ali , Farazinia Bita , Heidari Mohammad Mahdi , Momayezi Amirali , Baher Sara Shaki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) is found in the axonal terminal of neurons in the limbic system, which is affected in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We assumed GAP-43 may contribute to AD progression and serve as a biomarker. So, in a two-year follow-up study, we assessed GAP-43 changes and whether they are correlated with tensor-based morphometry (TBM) findings in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
Methods
We included MCI and cognitively normal (CN) people with available baseline and follow-up cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) GAP-43 and TBM findings from the ADNI database. We assessed the difference between the two groups and correlations in each group at each time point.
Results
CSF GAP-43 and TBM measures were similar in the two study groups in all time points, except for the accelerated anatomical region of interest (ROI) of CN subjects that were significantly greater than those of MCI. The only significant correlations with GAP-43 observed were those inverse correlations with accelerated and non-accelerated anatomical ROI in MCI subjects at baseline. Plus, all TBM metrics decreased significantly in all study groups during the follow-up in contrast to CSF GAP-43 levels.
Conclusions
Our study revealed significant associations between CSF GAP-43 levels and TBM indices among people of the AD spectrum.
Explainable AI Models on Radiographic Images Integrated with Clinical Measurements: Prediction for Unstable Hips in Infants
Authors: Shimizu Hirokazu , Enda Ken , Koyano Hidenori , Shimizu Tomohiro , Shimodan Shun , Sato Komei , Ogawa Takuya , Tanaka Shinya , Iwasaki Norimasa , Takahashi Daisuke 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Considering explainability is crucial in medical artificial intelligence, technologies to quantify Grad-CAM heatmaps and perform automatic integration based on domain knowledge remain lacking. Hence, we created an end-to-end model that produced CAM scores on regions of interest (CSoR), a measure of relative CAM activity, and feature importance scores by automatic algorithms for clinical measurement (aaCM) followed by LightGBM. In this multicenter research project, the diagnostic performance of the model was investigated with 813 radiographic hip images in infants at risk of unstable hips, with the ground truth defined by provocative examinations. The results indicated that the accuracy of aaCM was higher than that of specialists, and the model with ad hoc adoption of aaCM outperformed the image-only-based model. Subgroup analyses in positive cases indicated significant differences in CSoR between the unstable and contralateral sides despite containing only binary labels (positive or negative). In conclusion, aaCM reinforces the performance, and CSoR potentially indicates model reliability.
Prevalence and Genotype Spectrum of HPV Infection among Women in Xuhui District, Shanghai: Insights for Regional Cervical Cancer Screening Strategies
Authors: Liu Han , Xu Minyi , Dai Yue , Wang Lei , Wang Wei , Ji Muyuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective: Numerous epidemiological analyses suggest that high-risk HPV infections are a major cause of cervical cancer, with variations in HPV distribution among different countries, regions, and ethnicities. This study aims to reveal the epidemiological characteristics of HPV in Xuhui District, Shanghai, and understand the prevalence and distribution of high-risk genotypes among women in the local area. The findings aim to provide insights for the development of regional cervical cancer screening strategies and the selection of HPV vaccine antigen targets in this specific region.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on HPV test results of 47,423 women tested in the Clinical Laboratory of Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital from January 2017 to April 2023. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect HPV DNA genotypes in the molecular laboratory of the department. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 8.0.1 software. The 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated using binomial distribution analysis, and a two-sided P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. HPV infection rates and corresponding 95% CIs were calculated for inter-group comparisons. Chi-square tests were used for comparing categorical variables between different age groups, with P < 0.05 indicating statistical significance.
Results: Among the 47,423 cervical HPV-DNA test results, the overall infection rate was 18.9%, with single infections accounting for 13.93%, double infections for 3.47%, and multiple infections for 1.5%. The age-specific prevalence of HPV infection showed a "U"-shaped curve, with the highest prevalence observed in the 20-29 age group. The five most common high-risk HPV subtypes in Xuhui District were types 16, 39, 51, 52, 56, and 58 (accounting for 10.3%, 7%, 8%, 20.3%, 6%, and 12%, respectively), with HPV52 having the highest infection rate.
Conclusion: This study provides an analysis of the prevalence and genotypes of HPV infections among women in Xuhui District, Shanghai. By assessing viral loads, the study identifies HPV types that are more susceptible, recommending the nine-valent HPV vaccine for women under 45 years old. Additionally, it suggests active participation in HPV screening for older women to reduce the incidence of cervical diseases and deaths caused by cervical cancer. As HPV trends vary worldwide, and genotypes differ in different regions, epidemiological analyses of HPV can accurately and intuitively inform the distribution of region-specific HPV genotypes, contributing to the development of regional cervical cancer screening strategies and the selection of HPV vaccine antigen targets in the area.