bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recovery of neuropsychological function following abstinence from alcohol in adults diagnosed with an alcohol use disorder: Systematic review of longitudinal studies
Authors: Powell Anna , Sumnall Harry , Smith Jessica , Kuiper Rebecca , Montgomery Catharine 
Published: January 2024

Background
Alcohol use disorders (AUD) associate with structural and functional brain differences, including impairments in neuropsychological function; however, reviews (mostly cross-sectional) are inconsistent with regards to recovery of such functions following abstinence. Recovery is important, as these impairments associate with treatment outcomes and quality of life.

Objective(s)
To assess neuropsychological function recovery following abstinence in individuals with a clinical AUD diagnosis. The secondary objective was to assess predictors of neuropsychological recovery in AUD.

Methods
Following the preregistered protocol (PROSPERO: CRD42022308686), APA PsycInfo, EBSCO MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched between 1999–2022. Study reporting follows the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Manual for Evidence Synthesis, study quality was assessed using the JBI Checklist for Cohort Studies. Eligible studies were those with a longitudinal design that assessed neuropsychological recovery following abstinence from alcohol in adults with a clinical diagnosis of AUD. Studies were excluded if participant group was defined by another or co-morbid condition/injury, or by relapse. Recovery was defined as function reaching ‘normal’ performance.

Results
Sixteen studies (AUD n = 783, controls n = 390) were selected for narrative synthesis. Most functions demonstrated recovery within 6–12 months, including sub-domains within attention, executive function, perception, and memory, though basic processing speed and working memory updating/tracking recovered earlier. Additionally, verbal fluency was not impaired at baseline (while verbal function was not assessed compared to normal levels), and concept formation and reasoning recovery was inconsistent.

Conclusions
These results provide evidence that recovery of most functions is possible. While overall robustness of results was good, methodological limitations included lack of control groups, additional methods to self-report to confirm abstinence, description/control for attrition, statistical control of confounds, and of long enough study durations to capture change.
Effect of self-management intervention on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Sharma Kalpana , Subba Hem K. , Poudyal Sunita , Adhikari Shital 
Published: January 2024

Background
Self-management skills are important for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) who are responsible for their day to day care. Poor self-management behaviours have a significant influence on symptoms, functional impairments and quality of life. Evidence has shown that self-management interventions support patients to respond to changing symptoms and thereby make appropriate decisions regarding their self-management.

Objective
This study aimed to find out the effect of self-management interventions in patients with COPD in terms of self-management practice, inhaler practice, COPD symptoms burden, functional ability, self-perceived dyspnoea and emotional symptoms.

Methods
Quasi-experimental pre-test post-test design was carried out among patients with COPD attending respiratory units of Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital (CMC-TH), Nepal. Convenience sampling technique was used to select the 70 patients with COPD for the study. Baseline data was collected from the participants using (i) Semi-structured interview schedule for socio-demographic and clinical variables, (ii) COPD Self-Management Practice Questionnaire, (iii) Borg Dyspnoea Scale, and (iv) Six Minute Walking Distance (6MWD) Test (v) Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) and (vi) Observation Checklist. Self-management Intervention given was 2 ½ hour sessions per week for 6 weeks along with information booklets distribution. Participants were re-evaluated after 3 months of intervention using same tools. Data analysis was performed using IBMSPSS version 20.0 for window. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to find the effectiveness of the self-management interventions on outcome parameters.

Results
Self-management interventions (2 ½ hour session per week for 6 weeks) elicited a statistically significant change on self-management practice (z = -7.215, p<0.001), inhaler practice (DPI practice z = -6.731, p<0.001, MDI practice, z = -1.816, p = 0.005), functional ability (z = -4.243, p<0.001), self-perceived dyspnoea (z = -4.443, p<0.001), COPD symptom burden (z = -7.009, p<0.001) and emotional symptoms (depression, z = -6.856, p<0.001, anxiety, z = -6.675, p<0.001) of patients with COPD.

Conclusions
Self-management intervention acts as powerful equipment to improve self-management practice, COPD symptoms burden, functional ability, self-perceived dyspnoea and emotional symptoms of patients with COPD. Hence, clinician and policy maker need to plan and intervene the rehabilitation program for the patients with COPD to enhance the effectiveness of therapy, self-management practice and general longevity.
Real-world evaluation of care for type 2 diabetes in Malaysia: A cross-sectional analysis of the treatment adherence to guideline evaluation in type 2 diabetes (TARGET-T2D) study
Authors: Lim Lee-Ling , Hussein Zanariah , Noor Nurain Md , Raof Anis S. Abd , Mustafa Norlaila , Bidin Mohamed B. Long , Ghani Rohana Abdul , Samsuddin Syahrizan , Yong Sy-Liang , Foo Siew-Hui , Raghuram Kavitha , Suwannasri Payiarat , W. B. Wan Mohamad , Chiew Thiam-Kian , Chan Siew-Pheng 
Published: January 2024

Aim
Given a lack of data on diabetes care performance in Malaysia, we conducted a cross-sectional study to understand the clinical characteristics, control of cardiometabolic risk factors, and patterns of use of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), who were managed at publicly-funded hospitals between December 2021 and June 2022.

Methods
Patients aged ≥18 years with T2D from eight publicly-funded hospitals in the Greater Kuala Lumpur region, who had ≥2 outpatient visits within the preceding year and irrespective of treatment regimen, were eligible. The primary outcome was ≥2 treatment target attainment (defined as either HbA1c <7.0%, blood pressure [BP] <130/80 mmHg, or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] <1.8 mmol/L). The secondary outcomes were the individual treatment target, a combination of all three treatment targets, and patterns of GDMT use. To assess for potential heterogeneity of study findings, all outcomes were stratified according to prespecified baseline characteristics namely 1) history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD; yes/no) and 2) clinic type (Diabetes specialist versus General medicine).

Results
Among 5094 patients (mean±SD age 59.0±13.2 years; T2D duration 14.8±9.2 years; HbA1c 8.2±1.9% (66±21 mmol/mol); BMI 29.6±6.2 kg/m2; 45.6% men), 99% were at high/very high cardiorenal risk. Attainment of ≥2 treatment targets was at 18%, being higher in General medicine than in Diabetes specialist clinics (20.8% versus 17.5%; p = 0.039). The overall statin coverage was 90%. More patients with prior ASCVD attained LDL-C <1.4 mmol/L than those without (13.5% versus 8.4%; p<0.001). Use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (13.2% versus 43.2%), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) (1.0% versus 6.2%), and insulin (27.7% versus 58.1%) were lower in General medicine than in Diabetes specialist clinics.

Conclusions
Among high-risk patients with T2D, treatment target attainment and use of GDMT were suboptimal.
Age and sex differences in comorbidities in adult temporomandibular disorders: A cross-sectional study using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)
Authors: Park Hye-Ji , Auh Q-Schick 
Published: January 2024

Objectives
To investigate the relationship between Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and associated comorbidities in groups matched according to age and sex.

Methods
Using data from the cross-sectional fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Of the 25,534 eligible KNHANES, 17,762 adults aged ≥19 years who responded to survey questionnaire on TMD and comorbidities. Subjects were classified into eight groups according to age and sex. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between TMD and comorbidities according to age and sex.

Results
Of the enrolled participants, 2,107 (11.86%) complained of ≥1 TMD symptoms. In all groups, odds ratios (ORs) for prevalence of TMD were >1 in those with tinnitus. Rhinitis was closely associated with TMD in 6 groups. ORs for TMD with comorbidities according to age and sex were as follows: hypertension, men aged 50–64 years (OR 0.62; CI 0.41–0.94); ischemic heart disease, men aged 35–49 years (4.38; 1.54–12.47); osteoarthritis, women aged 50–64 years (1.38; 1.03–1.86); diabetes mellitus, men aged 35–49 years (0.21; 0.05–0.88); depression, men aged 50–64 years (1.68; 1.00–2.83), women aged 35–49 years (1.39; 1.05–1.85) and women aged 65–80 years (2.01; 1.46–2.77); migraine, men aged 50–64 years (1.60; 1.14–2.25), women aged d35-49 years (1.44; 1.14–1.81) and women aged 35–49 years (1.43; 1.07–1.90); cold hypersensitivity in the hands and feet, men aged 19–34 years (1.64; 1.05–2.58), men aged 35–49 years (1.68; 1.04–2.70), men aged 65–80 years (1.74; 1.09–2.75) and women aged 35–49 years (1.45; 1.15–1.84); olfaction disorder, men aged 50–64 years (2.49; 1.39–4.43); voice disorder, men aged 50–64 years (2.25; 1.28–3.96) and women aged 65–80 years (1.69; 1.09–2.63)

Conclusions
This study confirmed that the types and effects of comorbidities related to prevalence of TMD may differ according to the patient’s age and sex and this result will increase the predictability of the onset of TMD.
Disease-related malnutrition in children and role of oral nutrition supplement
Authors: Sidiartha I Gusti Lanang , Pratiwi I Gusti Ayu Putu Eka , Subanada Ida Bagus 
Published: January 2024

Background Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) is a common complication in chronic diseases. An oral nutrition supplement (ONS) is a formula with high energy density which is commonly used to treat malnutrition.
Objective To identify the prevalence of DRM in children with chronic disease and evaluate the benefits of ONS.
Methods A retrospective study was conducted at Prof. IGNG Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali. Data were collected from medical records of patients who were admitted from January to December 2021. Inclusion criteria were patients aged 1-18 years with chronic diseases. Patients with organomegaly, edema, and incomplete medical record data were excluded. Disease-related malnutrition was defined as weight-for-height (for < 5 years of age) or BMI-for-age < -2SD (for > 5 years of age), according to the WHO growth charts. Subjects who received ONS for more than 80% of total energy during hospitalization were classified as part of the ONS group and the rest as standard group. Several variables between ONS and standard group were analyzed and considered significant if P value < 0.05.
Results Of 313 subjects with chronic disease, 139 (44.4%) were diagnosed with DRM. Among of 139 subjects with DRM, a total of 64 subjects were analyzed in the ONS and standard feeding groups. No significant difference was found between groups with regards to age, gender, weight, height, white blood cell count, and lymphocyte cell count. Subjects with severe malnutrition significantly more classified as an ONS group than subjects with moderate malnutrition (P=0.001). Mean length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in the ONS group [11.8 (SD 6.7) days] than in the standard group [16.1 (SD 6.6) days]; (P=0.012).
Conclusion Malnutrition related to chronic disease in children is prevalent. Use of ONS is associated with a shorter length of hospital stay. Thus, routine nutritional status assessment to identify malnutrition in children with chronic disease is needed to treat with ONS in order to improve prognoses.
Cortisol levels associated with mortality in children with critical illness: a systematic review
Authors: Tolibin Restu Triwulandani , Widiretnani Septin , Moelyo Annang Giri 
Published: January 2024

Background Critically ill patients, including those with sepsis, have increased cortisol levels due to activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis or critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency (CIRCI).
Objective To evaluate for a possible association between cortisol levels and mortality from sepsis in pediatric patients by systematic review of the literature.
Methods A systematic review was conducted on studies involving critically ill children, including those with sepsis. We included studies published between 2011-2020 analyzing data on cortisol levels (total serum cortisol, serum-free cortisol, salivary cortisol, real-time free cortisol, basal serum cortisol and post-adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) stimulation test, or basal salivary cortisol and post-ACTH stimulation test), the predictive score for mortality (Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction/PELOD), Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM), Pediatric Index of Mortality (PIM), Vasotropic Inotropic Score (VIS), or Pediatric Critical Illness Score (PCIS)], mortality (non-survivor percentage), and CIRCI percentage as an outcome in patients with critical illness, sepsis, and septic shock.
Results Twenty-one observational studies were included in our systematic review, with a total of 2,212 subjects, 916 of whom had sepsis. Nineteen studies indicated a positive association between elevated cortisol levels and mortality in critically ill children, but 2 studies stated that there was no association with the CIRCI percentage of 32.3 and 84.3% respectively. The mortality percentage of critically ill patients with elevated cortisol levels and sepsis were 25.81 (2.7-60)% and 35.31 (6-60)%, respectively. The percentages of CIRCI in critically ill and sepsis patients were 21.91 (0-84.3)% and 21.35 (0-84.3)%, respectively.
Conclusion Cortisol levels may increase or decrease in critically ill children. Elevated cortisol levels are associated with mortality in septic children. The effect of CIRCI on mortality in critically ill children cannot be concluded.
Synthesis and Characterization of Fe-doped Hydroxyapatite/ZnO Nanocomposites Using the Coprecipitation Method from Processed Limestone
Authors: Hardian Arie , Dewi Rosalinawati , Jasmansyah Jasmansyah , Syarif Dani Gustaman , Murniati Anceu 
Published: January 2024

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is the main inorganic component that forms teeth and bones. The abundant limestone reservoir in Indonesia can be utilized as a natural resource for the green synthesis of hydroxyapatite. The objective of synthesizing Fe-doped hydroxyapatite/ZnO nanocomposites is to enhance the magnetic properties of hydroxyapatite, facilitating its utilization as a biomaterial in drug delivery systems. This application proves valuable in regulating the timing and location of active substance decay in pharmaceuticals. The coprecipitation method was employed to synthesize Fe-doped hydroxyapatite (Fe-HAp) at varying concentrations of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10% mol. Subsequently, Fe- HAp/ZnO nanocomposites were crafted with a weight ratio 4:1 through straightforward homogenization between nano Fe-HAp and nano ZnO, utilizing ethanol as a solvent. The analytical tools employed for characterization included X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). XRF analysis revealed that the Ca/P ratio in the Fe- HAp/ZnO nanocomposite decreased with increasing Fe dopant concentration, while the weight percentage of ZnO remained consistent across all nanocomposites. The XRD results demonstrated the presence of typical diffraction patterns of HAp and ZnO in the Fe-HAp/ZnO nanocomposite. However, secondary phases such as β-TCP, CaCO3, and Fe2O3 were observed in the Fe-HAp sample. The crystallite size of the Fe-HAp/ZnO nanocomposite generated in this study ranged from 29 to 38 nm. VSM characterization outcomes indicated that the substitution of Fe(III) can modify the diamagnetic properties of hydroxyapatite, rendering it ferromagnetic or superparamagnetic, depending on the dopant concentration employed.
Financial relationships and dependencies in Czech secondary school mathematics textbooks
Authors: Čechák Petr 
Published: January 2024

This article analyses and compares four sets of Czech secondary school mathematics textbooks from the perspective of financial relationships and dependencies. We claim that understading of financial relationships and dependencies, such as inflation or relationship between potential return of an investment and its riskiness play an important role in financial literacy; this is why they are implicitly present in the Czech Financial Literacy Standard. The importance of the study lies in its focus on the connection between financial education and functional thinking, a link which has been missing in the literature we are familiar with. Functional thinking is an important prerequisite for understanding financial relationships and dependencies. On the other hand, financial topics may also be motivating and suitable contexts for developing functional thinking. Our comparative analyses indicates that Czech secondary mathematics textbooks do not provide teachers and pupils with opportunities to gain insights into the relationships and dependencies in financial education and that potential of the tasks with financial context for developing pupils’ functional thinking is not fully used in the analysed textbooks.
IUPAC International Chemical Identifier (InChI)-related education and training materials through InChI Open Education Resource (OER)
Authors: Cornell Andrew P. , Kim Sunghwan , Cuadros Jordi , Bucholtz Ehren C. , Pence Harry E. , Potenzone Rudy , Belford Robert E. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The IUPAC International Chemical Identifier (InChI) is a structure-based chemical identifier that encodes various aspects of a chemical structure into a hierarchically layered line notation. Because InChI is non-proprietary, open-source, and freely available to everyone, it is adopted in popular chemical information resources and software programs. This paper describes the InChI Open Education Resource (OER) (https://www.inchi-trust.org/oer/), designed to provide educators and other interested parties with resources, training material, and information related to InChI. Currently, the OER contains over 100 materials collected from various sources and provides users with search, filtering, and sorting functionalities to locate specific records. New relevant materials can be suggested by anyone, allowing the scientific community to share and find InChI-related resources. This paper will show how to use the InChI OER tag taxonomy to filter content and demonstrate two resources within the InChI OER; the ChemNames2LCSS Google Sheet and the InChILayersExplorer, an Excel spreadsheet that breaks an InChI into its layers. While the InChI OER is of value to a broader chemistry community, this paper seeks to reach out to chemical educators and provide them with an understanding of InChI and its role in the practice of science.
Eigenfunctions in Finsler Gaussian solitons
Authors: Liu Caiyun , Yin Songting 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Gaussian solitons are important examples in the theory of Riemannian measure space. In the first part, we explicitly characterize the first eigenfunctions of the drift Laplacian in a Gaussian shrinking soliton, which shows that apart from each coordinate function, other first eigenfunctions must involve exponential functions and the so-called error functions. Moreover, the second eigenfunctions are also described. In the second part, we discuss the corresponding issues in Finsler Gaussian shrinking solitons, which is a natural generalization of Gaussian shrinking solitons. For the first eigenfunction, we complement an example to show that if a coordinate function is a first eigenfunction, then the Finsler Gaussian shrinking soliton must be a Euclidean measure space. For the second eigenfunction, we give some necessary and sufficient conditions for these spaces to be Euclidean measure spaces.
Numerical investigation of the flow characteristics involving dissipation and slip effects in a convectively nanofluid within a porous medium
Authors: Babatin Mohammed M. , Khader Mohamed M. , Megahed Ahmed M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The aim of the present research is to discuss the numerical aspects of heat-mass transfer in power-law nanofluids on an stretched surface. In addition, the novelty in this research lies in its thorough exploration and incorporation of parameters such as viscous dissipation, slip velocity, and convective boundary conditions into the analysis. This distinguishes the study from previous work and underscores its originality. For non-Newtonian fluids, a power-law model is employed, while the nanofluid system associate the influences of thermophoresis and the Brownian motion. The fluid’s thermal conductivity is considered to change based on temperature, while the concentration of nanoparticles at the surface is maintained at a constant level. A heated fluid situated beneath the lower surface can act as a heat convection mechanism source. A process of similarity transformation is employed to simplify the equations related to the mass, momentum, thermal energy, and nanoparticle concentration into nonlinear ordinary differential equations. These equations are then treated numerically with the help of the shifted Chebyshev polynomials of the sixth order and the spectral collocation method. The proposed technique reduces the existing problem into a system of algebraic equations formulated as a constrained optimization challenge. Subsequently, the optimization technique is applied to determine the unknown coefficients of the series solution. Graphical representations depict the impacts of nanofluid parameters. A quantitative assessment is presented in a tabular format to illustrate a comparison with previously published results for specific scenarios, revealing a notable level of agreement.
A comparative study of Bagley–Torvik equation under nonsingular kernel derivatives using Weeks method
Authors: Kamran  , Asif Muhammad , Mukheimer Aiman , Shah Kamal , Abdeljawad Thabet , Alotaibi Fahad M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Modeling several physical events leads to the Bagley–Torvik equation (BTE). In this study, we have taken into account the BTE, including the Caputo–Fabrizio and Atangana–Baleanu derivatives. It becomes challenging to find the analytical solution to these kinds of problems using standard methods in many circumstances. Therefore, to arrive at the required outcome, numerical techniques are used. The Laplace transform is a promising method that has been utilized in the literature to address a variety of issues that come up when modeling real-world data. For complicated functions, the Laplace transform approach can make the analytical inversion of the Laplace transform excessively laborious. As a result, numerical techniques are utilized to invert the Laplace transform. The numerical inverse Laplace transform is generally an ill-posed problem. Numerous numerical techniques for inverting the Laplace transform have been developed as a result of this challenge. In this article, we use the Weeks method, which is one of the most efficient numerical methods for inverting the Laplace transform. In our proposed methodology, first the BTE is transformed into an algebraic equation using Laplace transform. Then the reduced equation solved the Laplace domain. Finally, the Weeks method is used to convert the obtained solution from the Laplace domain into the real domain. Three test problems with Caputo–Fabrizio and Atangana–Baleanu derivatives are considered to demonstrate the accuracy, effectiveness, and feasibility of the proposed numerical method.