bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of corpus callosum pathology in an unselected population. Should assessment of the corpus callosum be included in the routine 20 weeks scan?
Authors: Rodríguez Mª Angeles , Echevarría Mónica , Perdomo Laura , Gómez‐Chiari Marta , García Sandra , Prats Pilar , Serra Bernat , Albaiges Gerard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of abnormalities of the corpus callosum (AbnCC) in a non‐selected population, to propose a systematic screening protocol for AbnCC in all populations through direct assessment, and to describe the follow‐up and prognosis of all AbnCC cases diagnosed in our clinical setting.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of the prevalence of AbnCC over 11 years. We included a sagittal assessment of the corpus callosum (CC) in the second‐trimester scan. AbnCC was classified into complete agenesis of CC (ACC) and dysgenesis of CC (DCC; including small, partial agenesis, thick and with lipoma).ResultsOf the 38,586 second‐trimester scans performed during our screening, 43 cases of AbnCC were detected (prevalence of 0.8/1000). Of the AbnCC cases, 10 cases were identified as ACC (29.40%) and 24 as DCC (70.59%). Follow‐up investigations showed that in the 43 cases with AbnCC, 76.5% had other associated ultrasound abnormalities, 26.5% had genetic abnormalities, 11.8% had other MRI abnormalities, and 25% of the children had neurodevelopmental delays (8.8% of the total), which were severe in only one case.ConclusionsAbnCC is found in approximately 0.8/1000 of cases in an unselected population. The findings suggest that systematic and direct assessment of the CC as part of screening ultrasound in the second trimester of gestation should be recommended as a routine practice.
Cyclic stress accelerated life test method for mechatronic products
Authors: Wang Yashun , Hu Jingwen , Zhang Shufeng , Chen Xun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe reliability requirements for mechatronics continue to increase. Traditional life test methods make it difficult to obtain the data required to assess or predict the reliability of these mechatronic products within a reasonable time. Accelerated life tests can speed up the failure process of the product by using accelerated stress conditions. And then test data is obtained to predict the reliable life of the product under normal service conditions through modeling and analysis. The test efficiency of the accelerated life tests is higher than that of the life test. So, the method of accelerated life tests has become a solution for life and reliability prediction of highly reliable and long‐life mechatronic products. However, mechatronic products usually undergo cyclic stress during service. The use of cyclic stress as an accelerating stress in accelerated life tests can provide a realistic representation of service conditions and achieve higher test efficiency. Cyclic stress accelerated life test is an accurate and efficient solution for predicting the life and reliability of such mechatronic products. Current relative research is focused on constant stress, step stress and sequential stress accelerated life tests. A great challenge in engineering is modeling and analysis of cyclic stresses accelerated life tests. In this paper, we first describe the cyclic stress accelerated life test profile and its key parameters, then propose model assumptions and establish a modelling and analysis method for cyclic stress accelerated life test data, followed by an illustrative example to apply and validate the proposed method. The research results can provide technical support for the life and reliability assessment of mechatronic products under cyclic stress service conditions.
Global Room‐Temperature Superconductivity in Graphite
Authors: Kopelevich Yakov , Torres José , da Silva Robson , Oliveira Felipe , Diamantini Maria Cristina , Trugenberger Carlo , Vinokur Valerii 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRoom temperature superconductivity under normal conditions has been a major challenge of physics and material science since its discovery. Here the global room‐temperature superconductivity observed in cleaved highly oriented pyrolytic graphite carrying dense arrays of nearly parallel surface line defects is reported. The multiterminal measurements performed at the ambient pressure in the temperature interval 4.5 K ≤ T ≤ 300 K and at magnetic fields 0 ≤ B ≤ 9 T applied perpendicular to the basal graphitic planes reveal that the superconducting critical current Ic(T, B) is governed by the normal state resistance RN(T, B) so that Ic(T, B) is proportional to 1/RN(T, B). Magnetization M(T, B) measurements of superconducting screening and hysteresis loops together with the critical current oscillations with temperature that are characteristic for superconductor‐ferromagnet‐superconductor Josephson chains, provide strong support for the occurrence of superconductivity at T > 300 K. A theory of global superconductivity emerging in the array of linear structural defects is developed which well describes the experimental findings and demonstrate that global superconductivity arises as a global phase coherence of superconducting granules in linear defects promoted by the stabilizing effect of underlying Bernal graphite via tunneling coupling to the three dimensional (3D) material.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with mpox during the 2022 mpox outbreak compared with those before the outbreak: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Cho Wonyoung , Park Sangil , Kim Hyeon Jin , Lee Myeongcheol , Choi Yong Sung , Yeo Seung Geun , Lee Jinseok , Koyanagi Ai , Jacob Louis , Smith Lee , Rahmati Masoud , Ahmad Suhana , Fond Guillaume , Boyer Laurent , Rhee Sang Youl , Lee Seung Won , Shin Jae Il , Woo Ho Geol , Yon Dong Keon 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOn 23 July 2022, the World Health Organization declared the global mpox outbreak as a public health emergency of international significance. The mpox virus (MPXV) that caused the outbreak was classified as clade IIb, which belongs to the West African clade. However, the relationship between MPXV clades and symptoms, as well as the severity of mpox outcomes, is not fully understood. Thus, we aimed to investigate the global mpox prevalence and the differences in clinical manifestations and outcomes among patients with mpox between pre‐outbreak (2003–2021) and the current mpox outbreak. In this systematic review and meta‐analysis, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Google Scholar were searched using the keyword “monkeypox” and “mpox” up to 13 October 2022. A random effects model was used to obtain the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence intervals. This study included 27 articles, and 5698 patients with mpox with 19 distinctive features from 19 countries across five continents were assessed. Patients with mpox during the 2022 mpox outbreak showed mild clinical manifestations and outcomes compared with those before the 2022 mpox outbreak: mild rash (relative ratio [RR]: 5.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.52–17.08), fever (0.68, 0.49–0.94), pruritus (0.25, 0.19–0.32), myalgia (0.50, 0.31–0.81), headache (0.56, 0.35–0.88), skin ulcer (0.32, 0.17–0.59), abdominal symptom (0.29, 0.20–0.42), pharyngitis (0.32, 0.18–0.58), nausea or vomiting (0.15, 0.02–0.93), conjunctivitis (0.11, 0.03–0.38), concomitant infection with HIV (1.70, 0.95–3 0.04), and death (0.02, 0.001–0.31). MPXV clade IIb exhibited higher infectivity but may cause mild disease symptoms and low mortality rate. It is important to consider MPXV infection in patients with mpox‐related features and/or a history of sexual transmission to prevent the spread of the disease and recognise the current pandemic threat.
Scale‐Dependent Rheology of Synovial Fluid Lubricating Macromolecules
Authors: Martin‐Alarcon Leonardo , Govedarica Aleksandra , Ewoldt Randy H. , Bryant Steven L. , Jay Gregory D. , Schmidt Tannin A. , Trifkovic Milana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSynovial fluid (SF) is the complex biofluid that facilitates the exceptional lubrication of articular cartilage in joints. Its primary lubricating macromolecules, the linear polysaccharide hyaluronic acid (HA) and the mucin‐like glycoprotein proteoglycan 4 (PRG4 or lubricin), interact synergistically to reduce boundary friction. However, the precise manner in which these molecules influence the rheological properties of SF remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate this by employing confocal microscopy and multiscale rheometry to examine the microstructure and rheology of solutions containing recombinant human PRG4 (rhPRG4) and HA. Contrary to previous assumptions of an extensive HA‐rhPRG4 network, it is discovered that rhPRG4 primarily forms stiff, gel‐like aggregates. The properties of these aggregates, including their size and stiffness, are found to be influenced by the viscoelastic characteristics of the surrounding HA matrix. Consequently, the rheology of this system is not governed by a single length scale, but instead responds as a disordered, hierarchical network with solid‐like rhPRG4 aggregates distributed throughout the continuous HA phase. These findings provide new insights into the biomechanical function of PRG4 in cartilage lubrication and may have implications in the development of HA‐based therapies for joint diseases like osteoarthritis.
Design of a Single‐Atom In–N3–S site to Modulate Exciton Behavior in Carbon Nitride for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance
Authors: Shao Weifan , Yu Mengjiao , Xu Xusheng , Han Xinrui , Chen Yuwen , Han Jiangang , Wu Guangyu , Xing Weinan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRational tailoring of the local coordination environment of single atoms has demonstrated a significant impact on the electronic state and catalytic performance, but the development of catalysts beyond noble/transition metals is profoundly significant and highly desired. Herein, the main‐group metal indium (In) single atom is immobilized on sulfur‐doped porous carbon nitride nanosheets (In@CNS) in the form of three nitrogen atoms coordinated with one sulfur atom (In–N3−S). Both theoretical calculations and advanced characterization investigations clearly elucidated that the single‐atomic In–N3–S structures on In@CNS are powerful in promoting the dissociation of excitons into more free carriers as well as the charge separation, synergistically elevating electron concentration by 2.19 times with respect to pristine CNS. Meanwhile, the loading of In single atoms on CNS is responsible for altering electronic structure and lowering the Gibbs free energy for hydrogen adsorption. Consequently, the optimized In@CNS‐5.0 exhibited remarkable photocatalytic performance, remarkable water‐splitting and tetracycline hydrochloride degradation. The H2 production achieved to 10.11 mmol h−1g−1 with a notable apparent quantum yield of 19.70% at 400 nm and remained at 10.40% at 420 nm. These findings open a new perspective for in‐depth comprehending the effect of the main‐group metal single‐atom coordination environment on promoting photocatalytic performance.
Monosodium Urate Crystal‐Induced Pyroptotic Cell Death in Neutrophil and Macrophage Facilitates the Pathological Progress of Gout
Authors: Chen Chen , Wang Jingyun , Guo Yiyang , Li Min , Yang Kaijun , Liu Yang , Ge Dan , Liu Yong , Xue Changying , Xia Tian , Sun Bingbing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMonosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition in joints can lead to the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, and their activation plays a critical role in the pathological progress of gout. However, the role of MSU crystal physicochemical properties in inducing cell death in neutrophil and macrophage is still unclear. In this study, MSU crystals of different sizes are synthesized to explore the role of pyroptosis in gout. It is demonstrated that MSU crystals induce size‐dependent pyroptotic cell death in bone marrow‐derived neutrophils (BMNs) and bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) by triggering NLRP3 inflammasome‐dependent caspase‐1 activation and subsequent formation of N‐GSDMD. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the size of MSU crystal also determines the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and aggregated neutrophil extracellular traps (aggNETs), which are promoted by the addition of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β). Based on these mechanistic understandings, it is shown that N‐GSDMD oligomerization inhibitor, dimethyl fumarate (DMF), inhibits MSU crystal‐induced pyroptosis in BMNs and J774A.1 cells, and it further alleviates the acute inflammatory response in MSU crystals‐induced gout mice model. This study elucidates that MSU crystal‐induced pyroptosis in neutrophil and macrophage is critical for the pathological progress of gout, and provides a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of gout.
Maximizing Photoelectrochemical Performance in Metal‐Oxide Hybrid Composites via Amorphous Exsolution—A New Exsolution Mechanism for Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Kim Myeong‐Jin , Hassan Mostafa Afifi , Lee Changhoon , Jung Wan‐Gil , Bae Hyojung , Jeon SungHyun , Jung WooChul , Ha Jun‐Seok , Shim Ji Hoon , Park Jae‐Hoon , Ryu Sang‐Wan , Kim Bong‐Joong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExsolution generates metal nanoparticles anchored within crystalline oxide supports, ensuring efficient exposure, uniform dispersion, and strong nanoparticle–perovskite interactions. Increased doping level in the perovskite is essential for further enhancing performance in renewable energy applications; however, this is constrained by limited surface exsolution, structural instability, and sluggish charge transfer. Here, hybrid composites are fabricated by vacuum‐annealing a solution containing SrTiO3 photoanode and Co cocatalyst precursors for photoelectrochemical water‐splitting. In situ transmission electron microscopy identifies uniform, high‐density Co particles exsolving from amorphous SrTiO3 films, followed by film‐crystallization at elevated temperatures. This unique process extracts entire Co dopants with complete structural stability, even at Co doping levels exceeding 30%, and upon air exposure, the Co particles embedded in the film oxidize to CoO, forming a Schottky junction at the interface. These conditions maximize photoelectrochemical activity and stability, surpassing those achieved by Co post‐deposition and Co exsolution from crystalline oxides. Theoretical calculations demonstrate in the amorphous state, dopant─O bonds become weaker while Ti─O bonds remain strong, promoting selective exsolution. As expected from the calculations, nearly all of the 30% Fe dopants exsolve from SrTiO3 in an H2 environment, despite the strong Fe─O bond's low exsolution tendency. These analyses unravel the mechanisms driving the amorphous exsolution.
Subtractive Patterning of Nanoscale Thin Films Using Acid‐Based Electrohydrodynamic‐Jet Printing
Authors: Cho Tae H. , Farjam Nazanin , Barton Kira , Dasgupta Neil P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs an alternative to traditional photolithography, printing processes are widely explored for the patterning of customizable devices. However, to date, the majority of high‐resolution printing processes for functional nanomaterials are additive in nature. To complement additive printing, there is a need for subtractive processes, where the printed ink results in material removal, rather than addition. In this study, a new subtractive patterning approach that uses electrohydrodynamic‐jet (e‐jet) printing of acid‐based inks to etch nanoscale zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films deposited using atomic layer deposition (ALD) is introduced. By tuning the printing parameters, the depth and linewidth of the subtracted features can be tuned, with a minimum linewidth of 11 µm and a tunable channel depth with ≈5 nm resolution. Furthermore, by tuning the ink composition, the volatility and viscosity of the ink can be adjusted, resulting in variable spreading and dissolution dynamics at the solution/film interface. In the future, acid‐based subtractive patterning using e‐jet printing can be used for rapid prototyping or customizable manufacturing of functional devices on a range of substrates with nanoscale precision.
Extracorporeal Blood Treatment Using Functional Magnetic Nanoclusters Mitigates Organ Dysfunction of Sepsis in Swine
Authors: Park Sung Jin , Park Inwon , Kim Suhyun , Kim Min Kyu , Kim Seonghye , Jeong Hwain , Kim Dongsung , Cho Seung Woo , Park Tae‐Eun , Ni Aleksey , Lim Hankwon , Joo Jinmyoung , Lee Jae Hyuk , Kang Joo H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMitigating sepsis‐induced severe organ dysfunction with magnetic nanoparticles has shown remarkable advances in extracorporeal blood treatment. Nevertheless, treating large septic animals remains challenging due to insufficient magnetic separation at rapid blood flow rates (>6 L h−1) and limited incubation time in an extracorporeal circuit. Herein, superparamagnetic nanoclusters (SPNCs) coated with red blood cell (RBC) membranes are developed, which promptly capture and magnetically separate a wide range of pathogens at high blood flow rates in a swine sepsis model. The SPNCs exhibited an ultranarrow size distribution of clustered iron oxide nanocrystals and exceptionally high saturation magnetization (≈ 90 emu g−1) close to that of bulk magnetite. It is also revealed that CD47 on the RBCs allows the RBC‐SPNCs to remain at a consistent concentration in the blood by evading innate immunity. The uniform size distribution of the RBC‐SPNCs greatly enhances their effectiveness in eradicating various pathogenic materials in extracorporeal blood. The use of RBC‐SPNCs for extracorporeal treatment of swine infected with multidrug‐resistant E. coli is validated and found that severe bacteremic sepsis‐induced organ dysfunction is significantly mitigated after 12 h. The findings highlight the potential application of RBC‐SPNCs for extracorporeal therapy of severe sepsis in large animal models and potentially humans.
Microfluidic‐Aerosol Hyphenated Synthesis of Metal–Organic Framework‐Derived Hybrid Catalysts for CO2 Utilization
Authors: Sung Yi‐Hsuan , Senthil Raja Duraisamy , Huang Jen‐Huang , Tsai De‐Hao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA new and efficient technique is developed by combining the hyphenated microfluidic‐ and aerosol‐based synthesis with the coupled differential mobility analysis for the effective and continuous synthesis and simultaneous analysis of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)‐derived hybrid nanostructured products. HKUST‐1, a copper‐based MOF, is chosen as the representative to fabricate Cu‐based hybrid catalysts for reverse water‐gas shift (RWGS) reaction, an effective route for CO2 utilization. The effect of precursor concentration and carrier selection on the properties of the resulting products, including mobility size distribution, crystallization degree, surface area, and metal dispersion are investigated, as well as the correlation between the material properties of the synthesized catalysts and their catalytic performance in RWGS reaction in terms of conversion ratio/rate, selectivity, and operational stability. The results indicate that the continuous microfluidic droplet system can successfully synthesize MOF colloids, followed by the continuous production of MOF‐derived hybrid materials through the tandem aerosol spray‐drying‐reaction system. High catalytic activity and low initiate temperature toward RWGS (turnover frequency = 0.0074 s−1; 450 °C) are achievable. The work facilitates the production and the designed concept of relevant MOF‐derived hybrid nanostructured catalysts in the continuous synthesis system and the enhancement of applications in CO2 capture and utilization.
Dual‐Use Self‐Assembled Monolayer Controlling Charge Carrier Extraction in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Xu Zhuo , Meitzner Rico , Anand Aman , Djoumessi Aurelien Sokeng , Stumpf Steffi , Neumann Christof , Turchanin Andrey , Müller Frank A. , Schubert Ulrich S. , Hoppe Harald 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe development and use of interface materials are essential to the continued advancement of organic solar cells (OSCs) performance. Self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) materials have drawn attention because of their simple structure and affordable price. Due to their unique properties, they may be used in inverted devices as a modification layer for modifying ZnO or as a hole transport layer (HTL) in place of typical poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)‐poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) in conventional devices. In this work, zinc oxide (ZnO) is modified using five structurally similar SAM materials. This resulted in a smoother surface, a decrease in work function, a suppression of charge recombination, and an increase in device efficiency and photostability. In addition, they can introduced asfor hole extraction layer between the active layer and MoO3, enabling the use of the same material at several functional layers in the same device. Through systematic orthogonal evaluation, it is shown that some SAM/active layer/SAM combinations still offered device efficiencies comparable to ZnO/SAM, but with improved device’ photostability. This study may provide recommendations for future SAM material's design and development as well as a strategy for boosting device performance by using the same material across both sides of the photoactive layer in OSCs.
Noble Metal Phosphides: Robust Electrocatalysts toward Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Guo Bingrong , Wen Xinxin , Xu Li , Ren Xiaoqian , Niu Siqi , YangCheng Ruixue , Ma Guoxin , Zhang Junchao , Guo Ying , Xu Ping , Li Siwei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFacing with serious carbon emission issues, the production of green H2 from electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has received extensive research interest. Almost all kinds of noble metal phosphides (NMPs) consisting of Pt‐group elements (i.e., Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir and Pt) are all highly active and pH‐universal electrocatalysts toward HER. In this review, the recent progress of NMP‐based HER electrocatalysts is summarized. It is further take typical examples for discussing important impact factors on the HER performance of NMPs, including crystalline phase, morphology, noble metal element and doping. Moreover, the synthesis and HER application of hybrid catalysts consisting of NMPs and other materials such as transition metal phosphides, oxides, sulfides and phosphates, carbon materials and noble metals is also reviewed. Reducing the use of noble metal is the key idea for NMP‐based hybrid electrocatalysts, while the expanded functionality and structure‐performance relationship are also noticed in this part. At last, the potential opportunities and challenges for this kind of highly active catalyst is discussed.
Behavior of Pasting Properties of Ohmic‐Heated Corn Starch Versus Moisture and Temperature Applied
Authors: Morales‐Sánchez E. , Gaytán‐Martínez M. , Rodriguez‐García M. E. , B. M. Millan‐Malo , Cabrera‐Ramírez A. H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStarch is an essential biopolymer for creating viscous food systems in the food industry. Viscosity behavior is unclear in the literature and varies with the thermal process and moisture content used. This study analyzed how ohmic heating affects the pasting properties of corn starch in response to changes in moisture and temperature. Corn starch is mixed with water at varying ratios (1:1, 1:3, and 1:5). The mixture is heated at 5 °C min−1 using an ohmic heating cooker to 80, 100, and 120 °C. Moisture affects pasting and starch properties. Peak viscosity varies with moisture content, decreasing from 5904 cP (native) to 3204–4510 cP at a 1:1 ratio. At a moisture ratio of 1:3, peak viscosity matched the native sample. Higher peak viscosity (6539 to 8772 cP) occurred at high moisture levels (1:3). Thermal properties confirmed different gelatinization degrees, which is evidenced by a shift in the x‐ray diffraction pattern from A‐type (native starch) to V‐type crystalline. The viscosity and physicochemical properties of corn starch depend on temperature and moisture levels. Moisture has a more significant impact on these properties than temperature. Therefore, varying the moisture content it can improve corn starch properties precisely, making it useful for the food industry.