bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teratospermia in Domestic Cats Compromises Penetration of Zona‐Free Hamster Ova and Cat Zonae Pellucidae
Authors: HOWARD JOGAYLE , BUSH MITCHELL , WILDT DAVID E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe ability of spermatozoa to bind and penetrate zona‐free hamster ova and the zonae pellucidae of domestic cat oocytes in vitro was compared between normospermic (>60% structurally normal spermatozoa per ejaculate) and teratospermic (<40% normal spermatozoa per ejaculate) domestic cats. The effects of culture media (Biggers, Whitten, Whittingham [BWW] versus modified Krebs Ringer bicarbonate [mKRB]) and simple dilution (DR), ejaculate centrifugation, and either resuspension (NS) or swim‐up processing (SU) on penetration also were examined. High percentages of structurally normal spermatozoa were bound to zona‐pellucida‐free hamster ova regardless of the morphological forms in the inseminant. Mean percent normal spermatozoa bound to ova in DR, NS, and SU sperm aliquots from teratospermic male cats were not different (P > 0.05) from similarly treated normospermic aliquots. However, the percent penetration of hamster ova by normospermic ejaculates (10.5%) was superior (P < 0.05) to that of teratospermic ejaculates (2.8%). Although swim‐up processing improved percent sperm motility, progressive motility, and normal morphology in teratospermic ejaculates (P < 0.05), no difference was observed in ovum penetration among the DR‐treated, NS‐treated, and SU‐treated spermatozoa (P > 0.05). Culture medium had no effect on sperm binding in the hamster assay, but ovum penetration rate by spermatozoa in the normospermic ejaculates was enhanced (P < 0.05) using mKRB (13.5%) when compared with BWW (7.6%) medium. Spermatozoa from teratospermic cats were capable of binding and penetrating cat zonae; however, sperm—zona interaction (defined as percent of oocytes with spermatozoa binding to or penetrating into the zona) was different (P < 0.05) between normospermic (65.3%) and teratospermic (24.2%) cats. The number of bound spermatozoa per ovum was five‐fold less in males producing high proportions of pleiomorphic spermatozoa (P < 0.05). Zona penetration was also different between normospermic (58.1%) and teratospermic (16.9%) males. Within cat populations, the DR, NS, and SU treatments had no influence on sperm binding or zona penetration. These results indicate that teratospermia in domestic cats has a detrimental impact on gamete interaction and penetration of zona‐free hamster ova and cat zonae pellucidae. The in vitro effect is not entirely dependent on absolute numbers of structurally normal spermatozoa but appears to be related to an unidentified characteristic of teratospermic ejaculates.
Response of Circulating Gonadotropin Levels to GnRH Agonist Treatment in Prostatic Cancer
Authors: HUHTANIEMI ILPO , VENHO PETRI , JACOBI GUNTHER , RANNIKKO SAKARI 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLuteinizing hormone (LH), follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone (T) responses to 6‐month treatments with a gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist (buserelin) and subsequent orchiectomy were studied in patients with advanced prostate cancer. For treatments, either an intranasal (600 μg, 3/day, n = 8) or subcutaneous depot preparation (6.6 mg every other month, n = 5) were used. A third group of patients received intranasal buserelin (400 μg, 3/day, n = 12) for 35 months. LH and FSH were measured using radioimmunoassay (RIA) and a sensitive (0.04 IU/L) immunofluorometric assay (IFMA). In addition, selected samples were analyzed for bioactive (bio) LH. The RIA‐LH levels decreased 70% with intranasal treatment. In contrast, when monitored by IFMA, the reduction was greater than 90%: 0.2 to 0.3 IU/L with intranasal and 0.044 to 0.052 IU/L with depot treatment (P < 0.01). Gonadotropin suppression was stable up to 35 months. Bio‐LH and IFMA‐LH levels decreased in parallel during treatment, with no apparent changes in the bio/immuno ratio. FSH levels were suppressed temporarily during the treatments. After castration and cessation of buserelin treatment, serum LH and FSH increased rapidly in the intranasal treatment group but only marginally during 3 months in the depot group. Serum T reached the castrate range when IFMA‐LH decreased below 0.5 IU/L. A further decrease in LH (<0.1 IU/L) still suppressed the intratesticular T concentration measured after orchiectomy. In conclusion, IFMA offers an improved method to monitor the antigonadotropic effect of GnRH agonist treatment. The results emphasize the necessity of profound LH suppression to achieve maximal inhibition of testicular androgen production.
Non‐Poisson Distribution of Sperm from Grandfathers in Zona‐free Hamster Ova
Authors: ZENZES MARIA TERESA , REED T. EDWARD , NIESCHLAG EBERHARD 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEarlier reports indicated that sperm from 25% of patients from infertile couples, but not from normal or fertile donors, show deviations from the theoretical Poisson distribution of the number of sperm penetrating zona‐free hamster ova. Using semen samples from 15 grandfathers (aged 60 to 84 years) and 24 young fathers (aged 25 to 36 years), this study analyzed whether age also has an effect on the distribution. It was found that the overall fit to the Poisson distribution of the samples from grandfathers was very poor; in contrast, the samples from young fathers fit well. The observed deviations from the Poisson distribution among grandfathers may be a consequence of their long periods of sexual abstinence. Decrease in sexual activity produces age‐different populations of sperm that probably differ in penetrating ability. Samples from older fathers also show a worse fit to the Poisson distribution than do those from younger fathers. These results suggest that the duration of sperm storage in the genital tract after maturation has an effect on sperm function.
Correlation Between Changes in Rat Sperm Membrane Lipids, Protein, and the Membrane Physical State During Epididymal Maturation
Authors: HALL JOSEPH C. , HADLEY JILL , DOMAN THOMAS 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn enriched plasma membrane fraction was isolated from caput, corpus, and cauda rat spermatozoa and analyzed for lipid and protein content, thermal phase transition temperature using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR), and enzymatic assays of calcium‐dependent AT‐Pase activity. Based on sperm concentration, total membrane phospholipid, cholesterol, and protein content declined as sperm passed through the epididymis. A more refined analysis of the bulk plasma membrane phospholipid revealed that approximately 56% of the phospholipid consisted of choline (PC) and ethanolamine (PE) phosphoglycerides; the remainder consisted of sphingomyelin (SM), phosphatidylserine (PS), and diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG). The mole percent of PE increased in sperm proceeding from the caput to the corpus epididymis and then declined from the corpus to the cauda epididymis. The phospholipid‐bound fatty acids consisted primarily of palmitate (C16:0) and stearate (C18:0), with a significant increase in the mole percent of the docosapentenoyl acyl group (C22:5) in cauda sperm. Arrhenius' plots of the EPR peak height signals using the lipid soluble spin label, 5‐doxyldecane, and the calcium‐dependent ATPase activity as a function of temperature demonstrated a change in the apparent fluidity of the membrane and energy of activation of the calcium‐dependent ATPase associated with the three sperm membrane preparations. These data suggest that the apparent fluidity and biochemical composition of the sperm membrane change during epididymal maturation.
Systemic allergic contact dermatitis to palladium, platinum, and titanium: mechanisms, clinical manifestations, prevalence, and therapeutic approaches
Authors: Sadrolvaezin Ali , Pezhman Arezou , Zare Iman , Nasab Shima Zahed , Chamani Sajad , Naghizadeh Ali , Mostafavi Ebrahim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractContact dermatitis (CD) is an inflammatory skin disease of eczema that is elicited by chemicals or metal ions that have toxic effects without eliciting a T‐cell response (contact elicitation) or by small reactive chemicals that modify proteins and induce innate and adaptive immune responses (contact allergens). The clinical condition is characterized by localized skin rash, pruritus, redness, swelling, and lesions, which are mainly detected by patch tests and lymphocyte stimulation. Heavy metals such as palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), and titanium (Ti) are ubiquitous in our environment. These heavy metals have shown CD effects as allergic agents. Immunological responses result from the interaction of cytokines and T cells. Occupational metal CD accounts for most cases of work‐related cutaneous disorders. In this systematic review, the allergic effects of heavy metals, including Pd, Pt, and Ti, and the mechanisms, clinical manifestations, prevalence, and therapeutic approaches are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the therapeutic approaches introduced to treat CD, including corticosteroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors, systemic immunosuppressive agents, phototherapy, and antihistamines, can be effective in the treatment of these diseases in the future. Ultimately, the insights identified could lead to improved therapeutic and diagnostic pathways.
“Finding a Way To Say ‘No’”: Library Employees' Responses to Sexual Harassment as Emotional Labour
Authors: Allard Danielle , Oliphant Tami , Lieu Angela 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTPatron‐perpetrated sexual harassment (PPSH) is a form of gender‐based violence and a pervasive problem in libraries. However, contending with PPSH requires the performance of emotional labour by library workers because of workplace cultures and professional values that prioritize patron and institutional comfort. To better understand library workers' emotional labour as they respond to PPSH, we analyzed 510 survey responses where participants shared their experiences of, their responses to, and feelings about, PPSH. Three responsive strategies emerged: acceptance, indirect refusal, or direct refusal. Overwhelmingly, library workers reported negative emotions about the incidents. Despite these negative feelings, library workers consistently responded to PPSH by performing emotional labour that upheld “polite and professional” values. Our findings raise concerning questions for the field of library and information studies about the implicit and explicit expectations placed on library workers to perform emotional labour in response to PPSH, particularly within the context of a feminized profession and with the knowledge that PPSH harms library workers. Our goal is to support library workers and their institutions to “find a way to say ‘no’” to gender‐based violence in the workplace.
Understanding Reactions in Human‐Robot Encounters with Autonomous Quadruped Robots
Authors: Chan Yao‐Cheng , Hauser Elliott 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTIncidental human‐robot encounters are becoming more common as robotic technologies proliferate, but there is little scientific understanding of human experience and reactions during these encounters. To contribute towards addressing this gap, this study applies Grounded Theory methodologies to study human reactions in Human‐Robot Encounters with an autonomous quadruped robot. Based upon observation and interviews, we find that participants' reactions to the robot can be explained by their attitudes of familiarity, certainty, and confidence during their encounter and by their understanding of the robot's capabilities and role. Participants differed in how and whether they utilized opportunities to resolve their unfamiliarity, uncertainty, or lack of confidence, shedding light on the dynamics and experiential characteristics of Human‐Robot Encounters. We provide an emerging theory that can be used to unravel the complexity of the field as well as assist hypothesis generation in future research in designing and deploying mobile autonomous service robots.
Audit Team Communication and Risk in Trustworthy Digital Repository Certification
Authors: Frank Rebecca D. , Wylie Jessica 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThis paper aims to investigate the Trustworthy Repositories Audit & Certification (TRAC) process by examining the communication practices and risk communication dynamics among auditors during the audit. Through an in‐depth, qualitative analysis of the audit process and the interactions between auditors, this paper provides valuable insights into the importance of diverse backgrounds, effective communication, and consensus building in the assessment of TRAC checklist requirements. Furthermore, the paper highlights potential areas of improvement within the audit process, addressing concerns related to disagreements, reliance on leadership, and the comprehensiveness of risk identification and communication.
Welding Instructors' Perspectives on Using AI Technology in Welding Training
Authors: Lassiter Tina , Collier Chelsea , Fleischmann Kenneth R. , Greenberg Sherri R. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThe welding industry in the U.S. faces a serious shortage of skilled welders. The goal of this paper is to explore welding instructors' attitudes toward applications of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) as well as artificial intelligence (AI) in welding training. Such approaches could allow future welders to acquire welding skills faster and in a safer work environment. Also, the welding industry could attract a more diverse group of workers. This paper builds on previous literature and studies researching the use of AR, VR, and AI in welding and in other comparable industries. The paper reports findings from interviews with eight welding instructors at a community college to obtain insights regarding how they believe AR, VR, and AI could be used in welding training. The paper provides implications for using AR, VR, and AI to attract and retain the next generation of welders.
Meeting People Where They Are: Hyper‐local Engagements Around COVID‐19 Misinformation in New Jersey
Authors: Paris Britt , Costley White Khadijah 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThis paper details the findings from a study investigating the efficacy of community‐based and ‐organized information sessions for dispelling public health misinformation around COVID‐19. The authors used community‐engaged participatory action research methods to co‐organize town halls with community members, groups, and officials to disseminate COVID information for two New Jersey towns and townships with differing demographic compositions in late 2020 through 2021. These sessions aimed to share reliable, trustworthy public health and safety information around the COVID‐19 pandemic. This small‐scale, qualitative study suggests that this type of hyper‐localized information session where residents can interact with local leaders and talk openly about local problems around public health can be a point of connection for people with their community, that helps them access and address localized public health problems in myriad ways. In so doing, this study suggests ways to re‐imagine public health information and communication practices to promote informational justice.
Data Flourishing: Developing Human‐Centered Data Science through Communities of Ethical Practice
Authors: Poole Alex H. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTData Science is a burgeoning area in the iField. But Data Science practices have far outstripped the field's ethical safeguards. We argue that Data Science graduate education programs must address this critical problem. In this theoretical and conceptual paper, we posit an ordinary macroethics that we call data flourishing. We contend that this macroethics is most appropriately developed through a holistic, human‐centered data science (HCDS)‐based pedagogy that concentrates on cultivating communities of ethical practice (COEPs) through social learning. We favor embedding this macroethics throughout iField programs' graduate data science curricula and by extension, the entire data science education enterprise. This paper aligns with the 2023 ASIS&T annual meeting theme of translating research into practice, particularly the subthemes of “improving decision‐making” and “understanding the power of information to develop human happiness, equality, and wellbeing.”
“Our Metadata, Ourselves”: The Trans Metadata Collective
Authors: Watson B. M. , Murphy Devon , Schaefer Beck , Huang Jackson 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThis paper presents the history, internal processes, and finalized report of the Trans Metadata Collective (TMDC), founded to address the lack of attention paid to trans and gender diverse issues in galleries, archives, libraries, museums, and special collections (GLAMS). The TMDC, an ad‐hoc group of nearly a hundred information professionals, developed best practices for the description and classification of trans and gender diverse information resources. These guidelines prioritize transparency, cultural sensitivity, correct identification, explicit descriptions of transphobia, and regular assessment of trans‐related content. It examines the effects of commonly used standards and controlled vocabularies such as Resource Description and Access (RDA) and Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) on trans and gender diverse people and critiques the inadequacy of these standards' representation of those communities. The TMDC provides guidance for using existing LCSHs, recommends alternative subject vocabularies, and proposes revisions to improve representation. The paper advocates individual agency in naming and gender identification, with recommendations on contacting creators and documenting their preferences. The TMDC emphasizes the importance of minimizing potential harm and protecting privacy in metadata creation. Overall, the report aims to enhance the representation and inclusion of trans and gender diverse communities in GLAMS institutions.
Hyper‐Local Fear of Crime: Identifying Linguistic Cues of Fear in Crime Talk on Reddit
Authors: Wu Qunfang , Hemsley Jeff 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThe fear of crime is an emotional response individuals have toward crime or the anticipation related to being the victim of crime. The increasing exposure to crime information presents considerable risks to people's psychological health and well‐being. Nevertheless, the fear of crime in online discourses is under‐researched despite abundant conversations about crime. This work presents a mixed‐methods study to comprehend how people disclose the fear of crime and what linguistic content or cues are associated with the fear. We gathered conversations about crime in the Baltimore subreddit. The content analysis revealed a necessity to differentiate between “experienced” and “expressive” fear of crime. The regression modeling identified strong factors related to the fear of crime, such as negative sentiment, objective expression, and first‐person pronouns. This work extends the conceptualization of the fear of crime in online discourses and suggests potential ways to detect the fear automatically.
From Ice Cores to Dinosaurs: Curation Behaviors of Physical Collections Managers
Authors: Bishop Bradley Wade , Gavel Sidney Wanda Taylor , Chapin Emily Grace , Kansa Sarah , Thomer Andrea , Ramdeen Sarah 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTLarge investments of public funds to curate huge volumes of various physical samples acquired and stored over decades, and in some cases centuries, provide ample reasons to make these items as openly accessible, as easily discoverable, and as well‐documented as possible to ensure this investment results in reuse. The purpose of this study is to understand the curation behaviors of managers of physical collections. Six focus groups were conducted with twenty participants from several physical sample communities. Participants responded to open‐ended questions that relate to the entire data lifecycle for their research objects. Results indicated that physical collections would benefit from use of universal metadata and data storage standards to increase sharing across domains. Both of these factors contribute to access and use obstacles all these collections face in different ways. In the context of managers requiring more investments to encourage reuse of these invaluable items, this study hopes to provide preliminary domain‐agnostic data to inform design of collections cyberinfrastructure, resources, and services using actual curation behaviors.
Conversations on the Invisibility of PIM, Approaching Themes, and New Avenues of Research
Authors: Cushing Amber L. , Reyes Vanessa , Ferguson Robert D. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThis short paper reflects on previous personal information management (PIM) research using the theme of “invisible PIM.” Three scholars gathered to reflect on how this theme is relevant to their research. After comparing reflections, the following threads of invisibility are highlighted as holding potential for future exploration: the role that PIM can play in reinforcing invisibility, the concept of maintaining information over time as being more likely to be labeled as invisible labor, and a focus on non‐work experiences of sample populations. This work in progress concludes with suggestions of how reflecting on themes versus following PIM activities (a departure from previous practices for these researchers) was a useful activity to think about a future PIM research agenda.
Seize the Initiative: In‐Process LGBTQ+ Research Findings and Their Impact on Connecting Practices in New Zealand GLAMU Institutions
Authors: Alison Day 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTLGBTQ+ activism has played a significant role in effecting legislative and social change in New Zealand and overseas, promulgating public attitudinal shifts towards tolerance and inclusion. These societal changes do not however appear to have resulted in the visible representation of LGBTQ+ communities in New Zealand's GLAMU institutions. Using a survey, this study investigated what has been occurring in GLAMU institutions with respect to LGBTQ+ collecting and donating through a queer theory lens. The findings indicated that broad, inclusive collection policies do not equate to representation when coupled with passive collecting and little connectivity not only with LGBTQ+ communities but between GLAMU institutions. The evident need revealed by the research findings, particularly the facilitation of GLAMU interconnectivity, offered the chance to alter the existing state of affairs. This paper shows how ongoing research can be applied as the opportunity arises to inform current practices and initiate change.
Using Playful Metaphors to Conceptualize Practical Use of ChatGPT: An Autoethnography
Authors: Desai Smit , Twidale Michael 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTIn this short paper, we employ a month‐long autoethnography to investigate the utilization of ChatGPT through metaphor analysis. We conceptualize three metaphors—unreliable narrator, court jester, and sounding board—that possess the most explanatory capabilities in describing what ChatGPT is, when it can be used, and how it can be helpful. We posit that grounding the use of ChatGPT in metaphors could facilitate discussions and streamline the intricate mechanism of Large Language Models (LLMs). Our study indicates that by proffering playful metaphors as substitutes to apocalyptic and arcane ones, we can enhance the accessibility and comprehensibility of ChatGPT for non‐experts and policymakers, thereby potentially contributing to more informed and productive dialogues about the role and potential of LLMs in everyday life.