bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Nutrasetikal Gummy Candy dari Ekstrak Daun Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) dengan Kombinasi Madu Hutan (Apis dorsata) sebagai Antioksidan
Authors: Faisal Muhammad , Novianti Karina Putri , Ramadhan Adam M. 
Published: January 2024

Gummy candy is a nutraceutical product that is currently trending in the society. Sungkai leaves and forest honey are natural ingredients that contain high antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of the combination of sungkai leaf extract and forest honey, to determine the optimal gummy candy base formula supported by Design Expert V.13 software, to determine the gummy candy preparation formula of the combination of sungkai leaf extract and forest honey that is good and its potential as an antioxidant The results showed that the combination of sungkai leaf extract and honey with a ratio of 1:1 produced antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 81.5 ppm. Base optimization on the concentration of gelatin and carrageenan selected gelatin 14% and carrageenan 2%. gummy candy that has been made has antioxidant activity worth IC50 51.1 ppm. The results of organoleptic testing are in the normal category, with a moisture content of 12.55% ± 0.48, ash content of 1.04% ± 0.210, meeting the requirements of weight uniformity, and not containing heavy metal contamination.
Keywords: Sungkai leaf, Forest Honey, Nutraceutical, Gummy candy, Antioxidant

Abstrak
Gummy candy merupakan sediaan nutrasetikal yang saat ini sedang tren di masyarakat. Daun sungkai dan madu hutan merupakan bahan alam yang mengandung antioksidan yang tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan kombinasi ekstrak daun sungkai dan madu hutan, mengetahui formula optimal basis gummy candy yang didukung oleh perangkat lunak Design Expert V.13, mengetahui formulasi sediaan gummy candy kombinasi ekstrak daun sungkai dan madu hutan yang baik dan potensinya sebagai antioksidan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kombinasi ekstrak daun sungkai dan madu dengan perbandingan 1:1 menghasilkan aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 81,5 ppm. Optimasi basis pada konsentrasi gelatin dan karagenan yang terpilih gelatin 14% dan karagenan 2%. gummy candy yang telah dibuat memiliki aktivitas antioksidan senilai IC50 51,1 ppm. Hasil pengujian organoleptik termasuk kategori normal, dengan kadar air sebesar 12,55%±0,48, kadar abu 1,04%±0,210 memenuhui persyaratan keseragaman bobot, dan tidak mengandung cemaran logam berat.
Kata Kunci: Daun Sungkai, Madu Hutan, Nutrasetikal, Gummy Candy, Antioksidan
Surprising Taxonomies: A Book Review of Lauren Berlant and Kathleen Stewart’s The Hundreds
Authors: Kitchin Adrienne 
Published: January 2024

In this book review, the form and function of what the writing is doing in Lauren Berlant and Kathleen Stewart’s The Hundreds is one of the many points of focus. Following the lines of posthuman, new materialist, and affect theories, the poems (what the authors refer to as makings) offer a fresh and lively engagement with academic scholarship. This is a scholarship interwoven with creativity presenting an elsewhere of form for the merging of academic and creative thought. Berlant and Stewart use engaging ideas to offer their book as an encounter and allow for interactive opportunities for their readers. While this is a concise book at 173 pages, it has no shortage of depth and creativity, concepts that the reviewer explores.
Bien-être scolaire et relations sociales des collégien·ne·s au temps de la COVID-19
Authors: Mercier Cendrine , Florin Agnès , Zanna Omar , Constans Stéphanie 
Published: January 2024

Lors du premier déconfinement en France, dans le contexte de la pandémie de la COVID-19, une enquête en ligne auto-administrée, portant sur le bien-être subjectif, a été renseignée par des collégien·ne·s revenus au collège en France (fin primaire et début secondaire – entre 11 et 14 ans – dans le système canadien) à partir du 18 mai 2020 et d’autres restés à domicile pour suivre leur scolarité. Les 286 retours exploitables rendent compte des différences significatives du vécu scolaire des deux groupes en termes de relations sociales notamment qui ont été basculées par le principe de « distance sociale ». Les premières conclusions confirment les résultats des travaux menés sur le bien-être des élèves et révèlent de nouveaux éléments à considérer dans la mesure du bien-être subjectif des élèves.
The Minister Writes
Authors: Axworthy Lloyd 
Published: January 2024

In recent weeks there have been a number of inaccurate reports concerning government services available to Indochinese and other refugees. The nature and extent of the misinformation currently circulating on this subject have compelled me to address the issue per- sonally. While we all recognize that it is extremely difficult to correct any media misinterpretation of the facts, I am con- cerned that the media coverage may distort the public understanding of the work of many refugee organizations; such coverage fails to reflect the broad range of joint government/voluntary sector projects and programs which are either proposed or underway to assist refugees in Canada. I also wanted to ensure that you had received informa- tion about some recent initiatives in the refugee resettlement field.
Canadian News
Authors: Refuge Editor  
Published: January 2024

'Ulegał immigration in Canada is a major problem that is growing every day. Something must be done about it." The report on illegal immigrants presented to Employment and Immigra- tion Minister Lloyd Axworthy by the Canada Employment and Immigration Advisory Council has found that illegal immigration in Canada is a major pro- blem. The Council was unable to arrive at an exact figure for the number of illegal immigrants in Canada due to a lack of precise data; however, the Coun- cil believes that the number 200, 000, often used as an estimate, is conser- vative.
The Effect of Arumanis Mango Rind (Mangifera indica L) Extract as Antidiabetic in Rats Model
Authors: Ifmaily Ifmaily , Firla Afni , Fitriani Putri Rizki 
Published: January 2024

Arumanis mango (Mangifera indica L) rind is one of the organic wastes containing flavonoid compounds. The objectives of this study were to find out the effect of arumanis mango rind extract on alloxan-induced blood glucose reduction in rats, to find out the most effective dose for reducing the levels of blood glucose in diabetic rats, and to find out the histopathology of the pancreas in diabetic rats.We used experimental method. In this study, 24 rats were divided into six groups consisting of I negative control, II positive control, III, IV, V different doses of 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, 400 mg/kg BW and VI comparison group ( glibenclamide ). Groups II to VI were administered alloxan at 150 mg/kg BW for 3 days, and then the extract was administered to each group for 14 days, except group II. The levels of blood glucose were measured using a glucometer via the capillary of rat’s tail, before and after induction and after administration of extract to all groups. The results are analyzed by the one-way ANOVA it showed significantly different results (p< 0.05 ). The extract of arumanis mango rind in all doses, had an effect on decreasing the level of blood glucose in diabetic rats effectively in dose of 400 mg/kg BW ( group V ) and histopathology desricptive results showed that arumanis mango rind extract could reduce damage to the pancreatic islet of Langerhans with histopathology of the exocrine glands and endocrine glands at group V was better than at group III and IV.
Pharmacy Staff's Recommendations for Self-Medication Requests on Non-Infectious Productive Cough: A Study in Padang City, Indonesia
Authors: Nasif Hansen , Andrelva Cynthia Bella , Sari Yelly Oktavia 
Published: January 2024

Cough is a physiological reflex to liberate the airway from mucus or foreign objects. Many cough medicines in pharmacies require special expertise to select the proper medication according to the patient's condition. This research aims to evaluation recommendations of drugs for non-productive cough for self-medication from pharmacy staff in Kuranji subdistrict, Padang City. A cross-sectional study with total sampling techniques is used for collecting data. This research uses a structured interview technique with the main question, what medicine would pharmacy staff recommend if an adult patient comes with a productive cough without any symptoms of infection? There are 30 pharmacies in Kuranji subdistrict, but data that meets the inclusion criteria is only from 25 pharmacies because five pharmacies are not willing to be research sites. Those who were willing to take part in this research were 16 pharmacists and nine non-pharmacist staff. Only 37.5% (6 of 16) of correct drug recommendations were given by pharmacists, and 33.3% (3 of 9) of proper drug recommendations were provided by non-pharmacist staff. There are still many things that could be improved in drug recommendations for this case, with a total average of correct administration of only 36%. The proper drug choices were Bromhexin and Acetylcysteine, while other drugs that were incorrectly chosen were drugs that should have been given with a doctor's prescription, branded drugs with more than one active ingredient , herbs or not the drug of choice for now.There are still many mistakes in the medicine choice, with an average total of only 36% accurate recommendations.
Formulation of Anti-Blackhead Rubber Mask from Purified Gambier (Uncaria gambir [Hunter] Roxb.)
Authors: Akrami Hafizatul , Syafni Nova , Agustin Rini 
Published: January 2024

The purified was isolated from Uncaria gambir [Hunter] Roxb. that contains more than 90% of catechins. Its antioksidant and antibacterial properties have potential to formulate as cosmetics. Dry form formulation of cosmetic was one approach to minimize cathecins degradation in a product. In this study, three formulation of rubber mask containing 5% of purified gambier was done. . Each formulation was formulated with calcium sulfate, propylene glycol, magnesium carbonate, citrus essential oil and variation of HPMC and chitosan as film former. The three formulas had a brown color, smooth textures, the gambier odor, visually homogeneous, particle sizes at 112.24 – 116.39 µm, moisture values at 3.9 – 7.04%, pH of 6, drying times of 8 to 15 minutes, adhesive power of > 10 seconds and remained stable for 21 days at 4±2°C and 27±2°C. The actual catechin content in formula I, II, and III were 0.89%, 1.09%, and 1.39%, respectively. The best formula was formula III, which contained 40% HPMC and 10% chitosan due to the fastest drying time of 8.36 minutes ± 19 seconds and the highest catechins content at 1.39%.The purified was isolated from Uncaria gambir [Hunter] Roxb. that contains more than 90% of catechins. Its antioksidant and antibacterial properties have potential to formulate as cosmetics. Dry form formulation of cosmetic was one approach to minimize cathecins degradation in a product. In this study, three formulation of rubber mask containing 5% of purified gambier was done. . Each formulation was formulated with calcium sulfate, propylene glycol, magnesium carbonate, citrus essential oil and variation of HPMC and chitosan as film former. The three formulas had a brown color, smooth textures, the gambier odor, visually homogeneous, particle sizes at 112.24 – 116.39 µm, moisture values at 3.9 – 7.04%, pH of 6, drying times of 8 to 15 minutes, adhesive power of > 10 seconds and remained stable for 21 days at 4±2°C and 27±2°C. The actual catechin content in formula I, II, and III were 0.89%, 1.09%, and 1.39%, respectively. The best formula was formula III, which contained 40% HPMC and 10% chitosan due to the fastest drying time of 8.36 minutes ± 19 seconds and the highest catechins content at 1.39%.
Proses Berpikir Analitik Dalam Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Berdasarkan Komponen Metakognisi
Authors: Ayunengdyah Nandita , Juniati Dwi , Khabibah Siti 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This research aims to describe 1) the analytical thinking process of students with a high metacognition component in solving mathematical problems and 2) the analytical thinking process of students with a low metacognition component in solving mathematical problems. This research is qualitative. Data was collected using tests, questionnaires, and interview methods. The subjects of this research were two 8th-grade junior high school students selected based on high metacognition and low metacognition components. The research instruments are a pre-questionnaire test, a metacognition component questionnaire, a problem-solving test, and an interview guide. The results of the research show that students' analytical thinking processes have a high metacognitive component in solving mathematical problems, which can be seen from how students use information, link their knowledge to make mathematical models and carry out mathematical calculations, plan strategies and apply problem-solving strategies and carry out evaluations. Meanwhile, the analytical thinking process of students with low metacognition components in solving mathematical problems can be seen from how students use their knowledge to create mathematical models, plan problem-solving strategies, apply them, and conduct evaluations. However, there are errors in the process of planning strategies, implementing strategies, and carrying out evaluations.
Keywords: Analytical Thinking Process; Problem-Solving; Metacognition Component.

Abstrak
penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan 1) Proses berpikir analitik siswa berkomponen metakognisi tinggi dalam memecahkan masalah matematika, 2) Proses berpikir analitik siswa berkomponen metakognisi rendah dalam memecahkan masalah matematika. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan metode tes, metode angket, dan metode wawancara. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah dua siswa kelas 8 SMP yang dipilih berdasarkan komponen metakognisi tinggi dan komponen metakognisi rendah. Instrumen penelitian pada penelitian ini yaitu tes pra angket, angket komponen metakognisi, tes pemecahan masalah, dan pedoman wawancara. Proses berpikir analitik siswa dengan komponen metakognisi tinggi dalam memecahkan masalah matematika terlihat dari bagaimana siswa menggunakan informasi, mengaitkan pengetahuan yang dimiliki untuk dijadikan model matematika dan melakukan perhitungan matematis, merencanakan strategi serta menerapkan strategi pemecahan masalah dan melakukan evaluasi. Sedangkan proses berpikir analitik siswa dengan komponen metakognisi rendah terlihat dari bagaimana siswa dalam menggunakan pengetahuannya untuk membuat model matematis, merencanakan strategi pemecahan masalah dan menerapkannya serta melakukan evaluasi, namun terdapat kesalahan dalam proses merencanakan strategin, menerapkan strategi, dan melakukan evaluasi.
Kata Kunci: Proses Berpikir Analitik; Pemecahan Masalah; Komponen Metakognisi.
Development of Flip PDF And Video Based E-Modules to Improve Mathematics Learning Outcomes
Authors: Mampouw Helti Lygia , Yogani Indah Pawestri  , Tri Nova Hasti Yunianta  
Published: January 2024

The decline in national exam results for junior high school students in 2017-2019 decreased yearly, with achievement in 2019 of 46.46%, with the lowest mathematics score compared to other subjects. This research aims to produce a valid, practical, and efficient. E-module is used to create an E-module system of linear equations in two variables that meet applicable criteria. This study uses Research and Development (R&D) research using the ADDIE method, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation; researchers develop E-modules, a system of linear equations in two variables accessed via the internet. E-modules that are created apply concepts in daily life or contextually so students can easily understand The tool used in the module is Flip pdf edition corporate. The participants of this study were 34 class VIII students of SMP N 1 Suruh for the 2021/2022 academic year. The development of the E-module system of linear equations in two variables gets a good response from students by getting an average of 88% in the excellent category, practicality average is 87,5% in the excellent category, so this E-module is feasible to use in the learning process, the resulting impact students can understand the material with interest and curiosity to learn. The use of E-modules must pay attention to the weaknesses of students who need the facilities and infrastructure to access the media E-module.
Profile of Pre-Service Mathematics Teacher’s Algebraic Thinking Based on Systematic-Intuitive Cognitive Style
Authors: Kusuma Ninda Ayu Nur , Masduki Masduki 
Published: January 2024

Algebraic thinking plays an essential role in increasing mathematics problem-solving abilities. In this study, the pre-service mathematics teacher’s (PMTs) ability of algebraic thinking is explored based on a systematic-intuitive cognitive style. This study aims to reveal students' algebraic thinking abilities regarding systematic-intuitive cognitive style. Three components of algebraic thinking were analyzed: arithmetic generalization, functional thinking, and generalization and justification. The research approach is qualitative with a case study method. The subjects were 31 PMTs at one of the private universities in Surakarta District, Central Java, Indonesia. Data collection methods were algebraic thinking tests, the Cognitive Style Inventory (CSI) questionnaires, and interview protocol. Four subjects, two PMTs for each cognitive style category were interviewed to reveal their algebraic thinking abilities. The results showed that all subjects were able to solve the functional thinking problem correctly. However, for the generalization arithmetics and justification problems, the PMTs abilities are varied. In addition, the finding also showed the different strategies of systematic and intuitive subjects in solving the problems related to algebraic thinking components. PMTs with a systematic cognitive style solve problems systematically and represent the pattern verbally in the form of a table or word, whereas the PMTs with an intuitive cognitive style solve the problem briefly and visually using pictures pattern. In conclusion, there is a relationship between algebraic thinking ability and cognitive style.
Stability Analysis of Monkeypox Transmission Model by Administering Vaccine
Authors: Lailatuz Arromadhani  , Budi Priyo Prawoto  
Published: January 2024

Monkeypox is an infectious disease that affects mammals, including humans and some primates. Monkeypox transmission can be prevented by administering vaccinations to the human population. This study aims to construct and analyze the monkeypox transmission model's stability with vaccination. There are six sub-populations: Vaccinated humans ( ), Susceptible humans ( ), Infected human , Recovered human , Susceptible animal , and Infected human . Several steps are literature study, formulating assumptions, constructing models, finding equilibrium points, searching for reproduction numbers by next-generation matrix, analyzing stability, and numerical simulations using Matlab R02023b. From the model, three equilibria are obtained: disease-free equilibrium points, first endemic equilibrium points, and second endemic equilibrium points. Disease-free equilibrium point will be asymptotically stable at the vaccination rates and the animal transmission rate of the animal at the rate of . The first endemic equilibrium point ) will be stable for and . The second endemic equilibrium point will be stable for and . Based on numerical simulation results, it is obtained that the higher the vaccination rate and the lower the transmission rate in animals, the faster the transmission of monkeypox infections.
دور أتمتة النظام الضريبي الكمركي في زيادة نسبة الايرادات الضريبية في تمويل الموازنة العامة من اجمالي الناتج المحلي
Authors: عزب سامي , ياسين الصفار احمد 
Published: January 2024

يهدف البحث الى وصف وتحليل دورالأتمتة في زيادة نسبة الايرادات الضريبية في الموازنة العامة من اجمالي الناتج المحلي لدول مختارة التي خاضت تجربة ادخال الأتمتة في النظام الضريبي الكمركي وتحويله من نظام ضريبي تقليدي الى نظام حديث مبني على الاجهزة التقنية وذلك من خلال ملاحظة تغير نسبة هذه الايرادات ومتوسطاتها ماقبل تطبيق الأتمتة وبعدها وزيادة الحصيلة الضريبية وامتثال دافعيها والحد من عملية التهرب الضريبي، وتم مقارنة نسبة الايرادات الضريبية في الموازنة العامة للدول من اجالي الناتج المحلي لهذه الدول قبل تطبيق الأتمتة وبعدها وتم اخذ هذه البيانات من صندوق النقد الدولي والبنوك المركزية في عدد من الدول النامية وخلال المدة (1997-2021)، وتم تقسم هذه المدة الى خمس فترات متساوية وتم مقارنة متوسط نسبة الايرادات الضريبية فيما بينها من خلال تحليل هذه البيانات واستخراج المتوسطات الحسابية قبل تطبيق الأتمتة وبعدها اضافة الى قياس متغيرات الدراسة عن طريق برنامج (Eviews 12) ومخرجاته، وتوصل البحث الى مجموعة من النتائج أهمها زيادة نسبة الايرادات الضريبية في الموازنة العامة للدول من اجمالي ناتجها المحلي التي خاضت تجربة أتمتة النظام الضريبي الكمركي بعد تطبيق الأتمتة من خلال ملاحظة زيادة نسبتها، وتوصلت ايضاً الى أن هناك علاقة ارتباط معنوية ذات دلالة احصائية بين الايرادات الضريبية في الموازنة العامة للدول من اجمالي الناتج المحلي ونسبة ايرادات الضرائب الكمركية من إجمالي الايرادات الضريبية، واوصت الدراسة باصلاح النظام الضريبي العراقي وإعادة هيكلته من الجوانب الادارية والقانونية ومكافحة الفساد المالي والاداري في مختلف المؤسسات الضريبية وخاصة المنافذ الحدودية باعتبار الضرائب الكمركية تساهم بنسبة كبيرة في الايرادات الضريبية والتي تمول الموازنة العمة للدولة، واجراء المزيد من الدراسات حول هذه الموضوع.
All solid-state fabrication strategy of CdS@ZnS nanocomposites and their photocatalytic performance in water purification
Authors: Burashev G. , Tatykayev B. , Baláž M. , Khan N. , Seysembekova A. , Tugelbay S. , Turgynbay N. , Burkitbayev M. , Shalabayev Zh. 
Published: January 2024

Herein a systematic study of two-step solid-phase synthesis of CdS@ZnS nanocomposites and their photocatalytic activity is presented. First, CdS nanoparticles were synthesized in a planetary ball mill through a solid-state ion exchange reaction. In the second step, Cd2+ ions were partially replaced by Zn2+ ions at the surface of the nanoparticles using solvent free long-term activation in a high-energy planetary ball mill. The optimal activation time in a ball mill was determined to be 45 min. Spherical CdS nanoparticles with a diameter of 10 nm and modified CdS@ZnS (45 min) nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, Raman and UV-vis spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The ability of nanocomposites for photocatalytic water purification was tested on the degradation of the model organic dye Orange II in an aqueous solution under the visible light irradation. The modified CdS@ZnS nanocomposites showed higher photocatalytic activity compared to the original CdS nanoparticles.