bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contact-electrification enabled water-resistant triboelectric nanogenerators as demonstrator educational appliances
Authors: Vivekananthan Venkateswaran , Chandrasekhar Arunkumar , Dudem Bhaskar , Khandelwal Gaurav , P Silva S Ravi , Kim Sang-Jae 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) work on the principle of tribo and contact electrification, which is a common phenomenon observed in daily life. TENGs are moving closer to commercialization, particularly for small scale energy harvesting and self-powered sensing. The toys and games industry has attracted a large audience recently with the introduction of digital toys. In this paper we embedded TENGs to power up a toy and operate during its specific application. We have modified two potential electronic demonstrator applications using TENG for lobster toy (LT-TENG) and stress ball (SB-TENG) device. The LT-TENG device generates a maximum electrical response of 60 V/2 µA, with a power of 55 µW and power density of 0.065 µW m−2 at a load resistance value of 10 MΩ. Similarly, the SB-TENG device made of aluminum and PDMS as the triboelectric layers generates a maximum electrical output response of 800 V and 4 µA peak to peak current with an instantaneous power of 6 mW and a power density of 3.5 mW m−2 respectively at a load resistance of 10 MΩ. In addition, the layers of the TENGs are packed with polyethylene to maintain the performance of the nanogenerator under harsh environmental conditions, especially with humid environments. The water resistance studies proved that the packed SB-TENG is impervious to water. The LT-TENG device is accompanied by four LEDs, and the device lights up upon actuating the handle. The SB is connected with the measuring instrument to record the quantity of force at which the SB is pressed. The adopted approach paves the way to convert these traditional toys into battery-free electronic designs and its commercialization.
Tapencarium (RZL-012) for Flank Fat Reduction: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Shridharani Sachin M , Kennedy MacKenzie L , Gueta Racheli , Walker Patricia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
RZL-012 is a novel cytolytic drug that has shown promise in reducing localized fat deposits in a single treatment session.

Objectives
To assess the safety and efficacy of injecting RZL-012 to the flanks.

Methods
A double-blind, placebo-controlled, proof of concept study randomized 12 patients to receive RZL-012 injections in 1 flank and placebo injections in the contralateral flank. After 12 weeks of follow-up, patients could receive RZL-012 in the placebo-treated flank and undergo follow-up for 12 weeks in the open-label phase.

Results
At 12 weeks, Investigator Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale assessments showed improvement for 90.9% of RZL-012-treated flanks and 0% of placebo-treated flanks (P &lt; .0001), 81.8% of patients were satisfied with the RZL-012-treated flanks, and 9.1% were satisfied with the placebo-treated flanks (P = .0019). Volume reduction measured on 3-dimensional images was a mean 37.27 mL, which was significantly greater than placebo (P = .0052). The product was well tolerated, with no clinically significant trends in laboratory values, electrocardiograms, or vital signs. Pharmacokinetic analyses demonstrated that RZL-012 is quickly absorbed, reaches maximum concentration in approximately 1.67 h, and has a half-life of 9.1 h. The mean maximal concentration of RZL-012 found in the blood was &lt;1 µg/mL.

Conclusions
RZL-012 is a promising option for injectable fat reduction of the flanks in a single treatment session. The drug was well tolerated in this small patient population, with no concerning safety signals, and it had indications of efficacy. Further research is needed in large Phase 2 studies with robust efficacy measurements to confirm these early findings.

Level of Evidence: 2
Radicalisation
Authors: Carvalho Jean-Paul , Sacks Michael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper analyses the rise of radical movements and the design of counter-radicalisation policies. A group derives meaning from participation in identity-based activities and a forward-looking organisation provides a platform for these activities. The warning sign for radicalisation is cultural purification by the organisation, i.e., the screening out of moderates and exclusive recruitment of radicals. While this shrinks the club, it puts it on a growth path along which it becomes larger and more extreme over time. Conventional counter-radicalisation policies can backfire. The radicalisation mechanisms we identify can be disabled by mild anti-radical messaging and informational interventions that eliminate stereotypes.
Comparing the Experiences of Participants With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Dementia During an Oral Health Intervention
Authors: Shieu Bianca , Teng Chiao-Hsin , Chan Ya-Ning , Cho Youngmin , Dictus Cassandra , Wang Jing , Beeber Anna S , Bryant Ashley , Wu Bei , Plassman Brenda L , Anderson Ruth A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Cognitive impairment is associated with poor oral health outcomes. Oral hygiene tasks are an essential target of interventions aiming to improve oral health for older adults with cognitive impairment. We aimed to examine whether experiences in an oral health intervention based on the Adaptive Leadership Framework for Chronic Illness differed between individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia (MD) and their respective care partners.

Research Design and Methods
This was a secondary analysis using directed content analysis and then an interpretive-description approach to analyze the data from a theory-driven intervention study. We included 10 people with MCI and their care partners (n = 20) and 8 people with MD and their care partners (n = 16) in the treatment arm of the intervention. For each participant, we analyzed audio recordings of 4 intervention coaching sessions, each ranging between 30 and 45 min. We managed the data and coding using ATLAS.TI software.

Results
Participants in both the MCI and MD groups experienced similar challenges in adapting to changes in oral hygiene techniques, and both groups worked on learning new oral hygiene techniques taught by the dental hygienist and meeting individualized goals developed with their care partner, interventionist, and hygienist. On the other hand, there were subtle differences in technical challenges between participants in MCI and MD groups; participants in the MCI group reacted more actively to dental hygienist suggestions than the MD group.

Discussion and Implications
Study findings provide information about how researchers and clinicians might tailor interventions to meet the learning needs of individuals and care partners in each group.
Trends in antimicrobial resistance of Shigella species in Peru, 2011–2020
Authors: Quino Willi , Bellido Gustavo , Flores-León Diana , Caro-Castro Junior , Mestanza Orson , Lucero Jorge , Gavilan Ronnie G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
To describe the frequency of antimicrobial resistance rates and spatial-temporal distribution of Shigella species from the last 10 years in Peru.

Methods
A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out. A total of 1668 Shigella strains, remitted as part of the national enteric pathogen surveillance from 2011 to 2020, were analysed. The strains were confirmed by conventional tests and serotyped with polyvalent and monovalent antibodies. Also, antimicrobial susceptibility was performed according to the Kirby–Bauer method.

Results
The most frequent Shigella species was S. sonnei (49.2%), followed by S. flexneri (42.2%), S. boydii (7.9%) and S. dysenteriae (0.7%). Phase II (46.29%) was the most frequent serotype in S. sonnei, serotype 2a (43.61%) in S. flexneri, serotype 2 in S. boydii and serotype 4 in S. dysenteriae. High rates of resistance were detected for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (91.0%), tetracycline (88.4%), ampicillin (73.9%) and chloramphenicol (64.9%), moderate rates for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (25.1%), ciprofloxacin (16.7%) and nalidixic acid (14.8%), and low rates for cefotaxime (1.74%), nitrofurantoin (0.7%) and ceftazidime (0.6%). Moreover, antimicrobial resistance to fluoroquinolones increased considerably from 2017 to 2020.

Conclusion
S. sonnei was the most frequent species, which have a large proportion of strains resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and a growing trend of resistance to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid. This increase in resistance to commonly used antibiotics in treatments is alarming, threatening the control and management of these currently treatable infections.
Nasal hemophilic pseudotumor in a 2-year-old with recurrent epistaxis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Farag Nouran , Alwasiyah Bashair , Marglani Osama 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Hemophilic pseudotumor is a rare, yet dangerous complication of hemophilia. It has been reported previously at sites prone to recurrent trauma like long bones and pelvis. However, in the field of otorhinolaryngology, few cases are reported and therefore there is no established protocol for management. We hereby report a case of a 2-year-old boy, a known case of hemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency), who presented with recurrent epistaxis not responding to medical management. Imaging was done and revealed a heterogenous nasal mass compressing the left orbital wall, extending to the sphenoid sinus, and causing skull base erosion. The patient was successfully managed by evacuation and drainage of the pseudotumor via endoscopic endonasal approach and replacement of factor VII pre-and post-operatively. To our knowledge, this is the first case of nasal hemophilic pseudotumor managed by evacuation and drainage through an endoscopic endonasal approach, which was deemed successful.
General dental practice, health education, and health promotion: a critical reappraisal
Authors: Croucher Ray 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter will discuss factors influencing the value of health education and health promotion in general dental practice. Four key areas are reviewed, namely:
the role that general dental practice could play in health education and health promotion; criticisms of the current practice of health education in general dental practice; the role of chairside health education and health education materials in general dental practice; developing an oral health promotion strategy for general dental practice.
Attenuation of binuclear hepatocytes in the paracancerous liver tissue is associated with short‐term recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma post‐radical surgery
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Wang Nan , Hao Fengjie , Chen Yongjun , Fei Xiaochun , Wang Junqing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractShort‐term recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after radical resection leads to dismal outcomes. To screen high‐recurrence risk patients to provide adjuvant treatment is necessary. Herein, based on our previous research, we further focused on the changes in the abundance of binuclear hepatocytes (ABH) in the paracancerous liver tissue to discuss the relationship between the attenuation of binuclear hepatocytes and postoperative short‐term recurrence, by combining with the assessment of the value of a reported independent early recurrence risk factor in HCC, protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist‐II (PIVKA‐II). A cohort of 142 paracancerous liver tissues from HCC patients who received radical resection was collected. Binuclear hepatocytes were reduced in the paracancerous liver tissues, compared with the liver tissues from normal donors. ABH was negatively correlated with clinical features such as tumor size, TNM stages, tumor microsatellite formation, venous invasion, and Alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) level, as well as the expression of E2F7 and Anillin, which are two critical regulators concerning the hepatocyte polyploidization. According to the short‐term recurrence information, ABH value was laminated, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed to analyze the relationship between paracancerous ABH and short‐term tumor relapse. Simultaneously, the predictive effectiveness of the ABH value was compared with the preoperative PIVKA‐II value. As observed, the paracancerous ABH value below 1.5% was found to be an independent risk factor for recurrence. In conclusion, the paracancerous ABH is a credible indicator of short‐term recurrence of HCC patients after radical resection, and regular assessment of ABH might help to prevent short‐term HCC recurrence.
Eruptive Papules as a Cutaneous Manifestation of Metastatic Prostate Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Onalaja-Underwood Amanda A. , Sokumbi Olayemi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Cutaneous metastasis from prostate cancer is a rare manifestation, occurring in less than 1% of all cases of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer metastasis occurs most often in lymph nodes and bones. In this study, we present the case of a 55-year-old man with prostate adenocarcinoma and progressive papules on his left chest that developed shortly after androgen deprivation therapy was initiated. This case emphasizes the significance of considering cutaneous metastasis in the diagnostic differential when assessing patients with a history of cancer and the need to thoroughly evaluate these cases.
A Case of Biphenotypic Adnexal Carcinoma With Bowenoid and Basaloid Features: Focus on the Expression of SOX9 and Wnt Signaling Pathway Molecules, Including CDX2
Authors: Sugimoto Akihiko , Fujimoto Masakazu , Masuo Yumi , Nakagawa Yujin , Yamada Yosuke , Kono Fumihiko , Haga Hironori 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
An 87-year-old woman presented with a pedunculated nodule of 1.2 × 1.2 × 0.6 cm on her left cheek. Microscopic examination of the lesion revealed bowenoid and rosette-like basaloid components, resembling Bowen disease and neuroendocrine carcinoma, respectively. Immunohistochemically, both components were positive for Wnt signaling pathway molecules—nuclear/cytoplasmic beta-catenin, lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 (LEF1), and caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2)—and the adnexal marker SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9). Unlike neuroendocrine tumors and basal cell carcinomas, the basaloid component in the present case was negative for chromogranin A, INSM1, synaptophysin, and p40. Previously reported cases of similar CDX2-positive lesions were diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma with enteric adenocarcinomatous differentiation and basaloid cutaneous carcinoma with a primitive cytomorphology. However, the lesion in the present case was simultaneously positive for SOX9, indicating adnexal differentiation. In particular, the expression of multiple Wnt signaling pathway molecules indicates follicular differentiation despite the absence of morphological follicular features, such as shadow cells. Moreover, shared immunopositivity for SOX9, CDX2, nuclear/cytoplasmic beta-catenin, and LEF1 by both bowenoid and basaloid components indicated that the bowenoid component did not represent Bowen disease but a part of the adnexal tumor, and that the basaloid component was not a tumor-to-tumor metastasis. After complete excision, no recurrence has been observed for 5 months. The findings of the present case expand the histological spectrum of cutaneous adnexal tumors with follicular immunophenotypic differentiation.
Evaluation of Dry Eye Disease Characteristics of Children With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and MODY
Authors: Yetkin Esat , Aksoy Aydemir Gözde , Bilen Abdurrahman , Pehlivanoglu Burcin , Asik Abdulvahit , Kocaay Funda , Ozkoyuncu Dilara , Aydemir Emre 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
To assess dry eye disease characteristics of pediatric patients with diabetes.

Methods:
Twenty-one patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM), 20 with type-2 DM, 19 with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), and 20 control participants were included in the study. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, tear film break-up time (TBUT) analysis, Schirmer test with anesthesia, and conjunctival impression cytologic analysis were performed.

Results:
In Group 1, the Schirmer test and TBUT values were lower than the control group. In groups 1 to 3, OSDI scores were higher than the control group. In Groups 1 and 2, the goblet cell density was lower than the control group.

Conclusion:
Dry eye parameters of all three diabetic groups were adversely affected in favor of dry eye disease. Children with MODY have increased OSDI scores. Alterations in the conjunctival impression cytology were observed more prominently in patients with type-1 DM.
Echocardiographic function evaluation in adolescents following BNT162b2 Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccination: A preliminary prospective study
Authors: Hsu Wan-Fu , Hsu Chih-Hsiung , Jeng Mei-Jy 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is crucial for preventing and minimizing illness. Myocarditis and pericarditis after messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccination in adolescents and young adult males have been reported. Most of the studies in this area rely on retrospective symptom reporting, especially for adolescents experiencing myocarditis as a potential side effect. However, prospective postvaccination echocardiographic evaluation is rare.

Methods:
The study enrolled adolescents aged 12 to 15 years who received the second dose of the BNT162b2 Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA (BNT) vaccine. Serial echocardiographic examinations were conducted at baseline before vaccination, followed by subsequent assessments on days 2, 7, 14, and 28 to identify any notable differences or abnormal changes in cardiac function. Clinical symptom assessments were also recorded during each follow-up.

Results:
The study included 25 adolescents, comprising 14 males and 11 females, who completed the four follow-ups. Their mean age was 14 ± 1 years. The average interval between the first and second BNT vaccine doses was 90 ± 7 days. Ejection fraction values were 73.8% ± 5.2% at baseline, followed by 75.7% ± 5.3%, 75.5% ± 4.6%, 75.7% ± 4.5%, and 77.8% ± 5.8% at day 2, 7, 14, and 28, respectively. The cardiac function remained stable across all time points, with no significant differences observed between male and female participants. Within postvaccination 48 hours, 18 (72%) of the enrolled adolescents experienced temporary discomfort symptoms, which completely resolved by the final follow-up on the 28th day after vaccination.

Conclusion:
Although adolescents vaccinated with the second dose of BNT vaccine commonly experienced transient postvaccination discomfort, the serial echocardiographic examinations did not reveal any significant deterioration of cardiac function within 28 days. Further studies are required to investigate the incidence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccination-associated myocarditis in adolescents and the related mechanisms.
68Ga-FAPI-04 Detected Hepatic Arteriovenous Malformation in a Patient With IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Zhang Zeyu , Ni Xiang , Guo Shiwei , Zuo Changjing , Cheng Chao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A 51-year-old woman with a history of IgA nephropathy was found to have a mass in the right lobe of the liver by abdominal ultrasound. The PET/CT scan revealed elevated 68Ga-FAPI-04 uptake in the aforementioned lesion, indicating the potential presence of liver cancer. However, subsequent histopathological analysis confirmed it to be an arteriovenous malformation. This case illustrates that 68Ga-FAPI-04 uptake can occur in arteriovenous malformation and is a benign cause of 68Ga-FAPI-04 uptake.
Hepatic Cavernous Hemangioma Mimicking Malignancy on 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging
Authors: Zhang Yuwei , Wang Peipei , Shi Ximin , Jing Hongli 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A 65-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of a liver lesion revealed by ultrasound and CT in an outside institution. 18F-FDG PET/CT images revealed an FDG-avid lesion in the left lateral lobe of the liver. Malignancy cannot be excluded. A subsequent resection was performed to remove the lesion. Postoperative pathology was hepatic cavernous hemangioma. This case suggests that PET/CT findings of FDG-avid hepatic cavernous hemangioma could mimic malignancy.
Giant Fibrovascular Polyp Mimicking Esophageal Malignancy on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Kim MinJeong , Chae Kum Ju , Kim Jong-Hun , Han Yeon-Hee 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A 52-year-old man presented with continuous dull pain from the throat to the epigastric region with dysphagia. Initial endoscopy misdiagnosed a subepithelial tumor causing external compression of the esophagus. A CT scan visualized a 14.0 × 4.0-cm pedunculated mass inside the esophagus. Subsequent 18F-FDG PET/CT identified an intense FDG-avid area in the mass, which strongly suggested esophageal cancer. Total mass excision was performed, and fibrovascular polyp with chronic ulcerative inflammation was finally confirmed on histologic examination.
Artificial Intelligence–Driven Single-Shot PET Image Artifact Detection and Disentanglement
Authors: Shiri Isaac , Salimi Yazdan , Hervier Elsa , Pezzoni Agathe , Sanaat Amirhossein , Mostafaei Shayan , Rahmim Arman , Mainta Ismini , Zaidi Habib 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
Medical imaging artifacts compromise image quality and quantitative analysis and might confound interpretation and misguide clinical decision-making. The present work envisions and demonstrates a new paradigm PET image Quality Assurance NETwork (PET-QA-NET) in which various image artifacts are detected and disentangled from images without prior knowledge of a standard of reference or ground truth for routine PET image quality assurance.

Methods
The network was trained and evaluated using training/validation/testing data sets consisting of 669/100/100 artifact-free oncological 18F-FDG PET/CT images and subsequently fine-tuned and evaluated on 384 (20% for fine-tuning) scans from 8 different PET centers. The developed DL model was quantitatively assessed using various image quality metrics calculated for 22 volumes of interest defined on each scan. In addition, 200 additional 18F-FDG PET/CT scans (this time with artifacts), generated using both CT-based attenuation and scatter correction (routine PET) and PET-QA-NET, were blindly evaluated by 2 nuclear medicine physicians for the presence of artifacts, diagnostic confidence, image quality, and the number of lesions detected in different body regions.

Results
Across the volumes of interest of 100 patients, SUV MAE values of 0.13 ± 0.04, 0.24 ± 0.1, and 0.21 ± 0.06 were reached for SUVmean, SUVmax, and SUVpeak, respectively (no statistically significant difference). Qualitative assessment showed a general trend of improved image quality and diagnostic confidence and reduced image artifacts for PET-QA-NET compared with routine CT-based attenuation and scatter correction.

Conclusion
We developed a highly effective and reliable quality assurance tool that can be embedded routinely to detect and correct for 18F-FDG PET image artifacts in clinical setting with notably improved PET image quality and quantitative capabilities.
Simultaneous Uptake of 18F-NaF and 18F-FDG by Bladder and Prostate Calculi
Authors: Park Mia Mijung , Park Peter Sang Uk , Werner Thomas J. , Høilund-Carlsen Poul F. , Alavi Abass 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Calcification and formation of calculi in the genitourinary system such as the bladder, kidney, and prostate are common processes of aging. Despite being in different parts of the body, these calculi can share risk factors; for instance, bladder and prostate calculi are seen in older men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. There have been increasing reports of detection of calculi using PET tracers such as 18F-NaF and 18F-FDG, suggesting their role for detection of extraosseous calcification. In this report, we present simultaneous detection of bladder and prostate calculi with both 18F-NaF and 18F-FDG avidity in a 74-year-old man with multiple myeloma.