bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relevance of the non-invasive biomarkers lncRNA GAS5/miR-21 ceRNA regulatory network in the early identification of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Sun He , Chen Tong , Li Xin , Zhu Yonghong , Zhang Shuang , He Ping , Peng Yali , Fan Qiuling 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the diagnostic value of serum lncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (lncRNA GAS5) and microRNA-21 (miR-21) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN), and elucidate their roles in the pathogenesis.

Methods
A microarray technology was used asses lncRNA GAS5 and miR-21 expression profiles in non-anticoagulant blood from 44 patients including T2DM without DN group (DM), T2DM with DN group (DN), and healthy controls group (N), followed by real-time PCR validation. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to evaluate the clinical indicators among normal, T2DM, and DN patients.

Results
The serum lncRNA GAS5 expression in T2DM and DN patients was significantly down-regulated compared with the N group, while the expression of miR-21 was significantly up-regulated (all P < 0.05). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were negatively correlated with serum lncRNA GAS5, and FBG was independently correlated with serum lncRNA GAS5. Urinary microalbumin, total cholesterol (TC), creatinine (Cr), urea, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were significantly positively correlated with serum miR-21. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albuminuria (ALB) were negatively correlated with serum miR-21, and ALB was independently correlated with serum miR-21. Serum lncRNA GAS5, miR-21 and lncRNA GAS5/miR-21 showed good diagnostic efficiency as the “diagnostic signature” of T2DM and DN.

Conclusion
The lncRNA GAS5/miR-21 diagnostic signature may be a more effective non-invasive biomarker for detecting T2DM. In addition, miR-21 alone may be a more accurate serum biomarker for the early screening of DN patients.
Single-cell sequencing technology applied to epigenetics for the study of tumor heterogeneity
Authors: Hu Yuhua , Shen Feng , Yang Xi , Han Tingting , Long Zhuowen , Wen Jiale , Huang Junxing , Shen Jiangfeng , Guo Qing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have traditionally attributed the initiation of cancer cells to genetic mutations, considering them as the fundamental drivers of carcinogenesis. However, recent research has shed light on the crucial role of epigenomic alterations in various cell types present within the tumor microenvironment, suggesting their potential contribution to tumor formation and progression. Despite these significant findings, the progress in understanding the epigenetic mechanisms regulating tumor heterogeneity has been impeded over the past few years due to the lack of appropriate technical tools and methodologies.

Results
The emergence of single-cell sequencing has enhanced our understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms governing tumor heterogeneity by revealing the distinct epigenetic layers of individual cells (chromatin accessibility, DNA/RNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome localization) and the diverse omics (transcriptomics, genomics, multi-omics) at the single-cell level. These technologies provide us with new insights into the molecular basis of intratumoral heterogeneity and help uncover key molecular events and driving mechanisms in tumor development.

Conclusion
This paper provides a comprehensive review of the emerging analytical and experimental approaches of single-cell sequencing in various omics, focusing specifically on epigenomics. These approaches have the potential to capture and integrate multiple dimensions of individual cancer cells, thereby revealing tumor heterogeneity and epigenetic features. Additionally, this paper outlines the future trends of these technologies and their current technical limitations.
Is the clinical phenotype impact the prognosis in dementia with Lewy bodies?
Authors: Aveneau Clément , Wallon David , Degos Bertrand , Obadia Alexandre , Hourregue Claire , Benisty Sarah , Garcin Béatrice , Dumurgier Julien , Paquet Claire 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The first predominant clinical symptoms of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are highly variable; however, the prognosis based on initial predominant symptoms remains poorly understood.

Methods
Multicenter retrospective study in 4 French expert neurological centers. Patients were categorized in 3 groups according to their first more predominant symptoms: cognitive, psychiatric, or motor.

Results
Analysis of 310 DLB patients. The mean age was 73.5 years old (SD 7.5) including 32.3% of women. The mean follow-up was 7.25 years (SD 3.6). We observed that the full clinical picture was more frequent in the motor group than in the cognitive group (p = 0.01); male gender and age at onset were associated with a significant excess risk of instantaneous mortality (p = 0.01).

Conclusion
Initial symptoms may affect the clinical course of patients, but no significant difference in mortality was observed.
Readthrough isoform of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer’s disease and other proteinopathies
Authors: Mohaupt Pablo , Vialaret Jérôme , Hirtz Christophe , Lehmann Sylvain 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe glymphatic system is a crucial component in preserving brain homeostasis by facilitating waste clearance from the central nervous system (CNS). Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels facilitate the continuous interchange between cerebrospinal fluid and brain interstitial fluid by convective flow movement. This flow is responsible for guiding proteins and metabolites away from the CNS. Proteinopathies are neurological conditions characterized by the accumulation of aggregated proteins or peptides in the brain. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides causes the formation of senile plaques. This accumulation has been hypothesized to be a result of the imbalance between Aβ production and clearance. Recent studies have shown that an extended form of AQP4 increases Aβ clearance from the brain. In this mini-review, we present a summary of these findings and explore the potential for future therapeutic strategies aiming to boost waste clearance in AD.
Barriers to penicillin allergy de-labeling in the inpatient and outpatient settings: a qualitative study
Authors: Alagoz Esra , Saucke Megan , Balasubramanian Prakash , Lata Paul , Liebenstein Tyler , Kakumanu Sujani 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Penicillin allergy is the most commonly reported drug allergy in the US. Despite evidence demonstrating that up to 90% of labels are incorrect, scalable interventions are not well established. As part of a larger mixed methods investigation, we conducted a qualitative study to describe the barriers to implementing a risk-based penicillin de-labeling protocol within a single site Veteran’s hospital.

Methods
We conducted individual and group interviews with multidisciplinary inpatient and outpatient healthcare teams. The interview guides were developed using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to explore workflows and contextual factors influencing identification and evaluation of patients with penicillin allergy. Three researchers iteratively developed the codebook based on TDF domains and coded the data using thematic analysis.

Results
We interviewed 20 clinicians. Participants included three hospitalists, five inpatient pharmacists, one infectious disease physician, two anti-microbial stewardship pharmacists, four primary care providers, two outpatient pharmacists, two resident physicians, and a nurse case manager for the allergy service. The factors that contributed to barriers to penicillin allergy evaluation and de-labeling were classified under six TDF domains; knowledge, skills, beliefs about capabilities, beliefs about consequences, professional role and identity, and environmental context and resources. Participants from all groups acknowledged the importance of penicillin de-labeling. However, they lacked confidence in their skills to perform the necessary evaluations, such as test dose challenges. The fear of inducing an allergic reaction and adding further complexity to patient care exacerbated their reluctance to de-label patients. The lack of ownership of de-labeling initiative was another significant obstacle in establishing consistent clinical workflows. Additionally, heavy workloads, competing priorities, and ease of access to alternative antibiotics prevented the prioritization of tasks related to de-labeling. Space limitations and nursing staff shortages added to challenges in outpatient settings.

Conclusion
Our findings demonstrated that barriers to penicillin allergy de-labeling fall under multiple behavioral domains. Better role clarification, opportunities to develop necessary skills, and dedicated resources are needed to overcome these barriers. Future interventions will need to employ a systemic approach that addresses each of the behavioral domains influencing penicillin allergy de-labeling with stakeholder engagement of the inpatient and outpatient health care teams.
A fault diagnosis method for rolling bearings based on graph neural network with one-shot learning
Authors: Gao Yan , Wu Haowei , Liao Haiqian , Chen Xu , Yang Shuai , Song Heng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe manuscript proposes a fault diagnosis method based on graph neural network (GNN) with one-shot learning to effectively diagnose rolling bearings under variable operating conditions. In this proposed method, the convolutional neural network is utilized for feature extraction, reducing loss in the process. Subsequently, GNN applies an adjacency matrix to generate codes for one-shot learning. Experimental verification is conducted using open data from Case Western Reserve University Rolling Bearing Data Center, where four different working conditions with six types of typical faults are selected as input signals. The classification accuracy of the proposed method reaches 98.02%. To further validate its effectiveness, traditional single-learning neural networks such as Siamese, Matching Net, Prototypical Net and (Stacked Auto Encoder) SAE are introduced as comparisons. Simulation results that the proposed method outperforms all chosen methods.
The temporal association between suicide and comorbid mental disorders in people treated for substance use disorders: a National registry study
Authors: Myhre Martin Ø. , Walby Fredrik A. , Bramness Jørgen G. , Mehlum Lars 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The time after contact with specialized health services for mental health and substance use is associated with an increased risk of suicide, where temporal aspects of suicide and comorbid mental disorders in patients with substance use disorders could be associated. This study aimed to examine the temporal association between time from last treatment contact to suicide and comorbid mental disorders in patients with substance use disorders.

Methods
This study is a historical prospective case series using nationwide registry data. It included 946 individuals registered the year before suicide with a substance use disorder (F10-F19) in Norway's specialized health services for treating substance use and mental health disorders between 2010 and 2020. The outcome was the number of weeks from the last contact with services to suicide. The exposure was comorbid mental disorders divided into 'no comorbid mental disorder’; ‘psychosis or bipolar disorders’ (F20−F31), ‘depressive or anxiety disorders' (F32−F49); and 'personality disorders' (F60-F69). Covariates included gender, age, last diagnosed substance use disorder, registered deliberate self-harm last year, and the number of in- and outpatient contacts the previous year.

Results
The number of weeks from last service contact to suicide differed (p =  < 0.001) between patients with no comorbid mental disorders (Median = 7; IQR 2–23), psychosis or bipolar disorders (Median = 2; IQR = 1–7), depressive or anxiety disorders (Median = 3; IQR = 1–11) and personality disorders (Median = 1; IQR = 1–5.5). Significantly decreased adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRR) were found for psychosis or bipolar disorders [aIRR = 0.67 (95% CI 0.53–0.85)] and personality disorders [aIRR = 0.56 (0.42–0.77)] compared to no comorbid mental disorder when adjusted for individual characteristics and service contact. For depressive and anxiety disorders compared to no comorbid mental disorder, the association was significant when adjusted for individual characteristics [aIRR = 0.55 (0.46–0.66)].

Conclusions
While patients with substance use disorders generally died by suicide a short time after contact with services, patients with comorbid mental disorders died an even shorter time after such contact and significantly shorter than patients without such comorbidities.
Comparison of trimodality therapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with radical cystectomy for the survival of muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a population-based analysis
Authors: Zhou Yi-Xin , Hu Qian-Cheng , Zhu Ya-Juan , Mu Xiao-Li , Liu Ji-Yan , Chen Ye 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Trimodality therapy (TMT) is a mature alternative to radical cystectomy (RC) for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) who seek to preserve their primary bladder or are inoperable due to comorbidities. To date, there has been increasing evidence of the effectiveness of TMT as an alternative to RC. In contrast, no literature has stated the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with RC (NAC + RC) compared with TMT.

Objective
We aimed to compare the prognosis between patients receiving TMT and NAC + RC.

Methods
The clinicopathological characteristics of patients with T2-4aN0M0 MIBC were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models and Kaplan‒Meier survival curves were used for the survival analysis. Propensity-score matching (PSM) was applied to determine the differences between the two groups. The primary outcome was cancer-specific survival (CSS), and the secondary outcome was overall survival (OS).

Results
In total, 1,175 patients with MIBC who underwent TMT (n = 822) or NAC + RC (n = 353) were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. After 1:1 PSM, the final patient sample included 303 pairs. The prognosis of patients receiving NAC + RC was significantly better than that of patients receiving TMT in both unmatched and matched cohorts (5-year CSS: before PSM, 75.4% vs. 50.6%, P < 0.0001; after PSM, 76.3% vs. 49.5%, P < 0.0001; 5-year OS: before PSM, 71.7% vs. 37.4%, P < 0.0001; after PSM, 71.7% vs. 31.4%, P < 0.0001). The survival advantages of NAC + RC remained remarkable in the stratified analysis of most factors after PSM. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that being older than 68 years old, unmarried, grade III/IV, T3-4a stage, and undergoing TMT independently correlated with poor OS.

Conclusion
Thus, in this study, patients with MIBC receiving NAC + RC presented with a better prognosis than those receiving TMT.
Unraveling the effects of import bans on domestic poultry production: a case study of Senegal
Authors: Zamani Omid , Chibanda Craig , Pelikan Janine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSenegal banned all imports of uncooked poultry meat in 2006 in response to Avian Influenza outbreaks in many exporting countries. This paper investigates the effects of the import ban on domestic chicken meat production and the performance of Senegal's broiler farms. To do so, we employ various comparative analyses at the farm and macro levels. We use the synthetic control method to estimate the effects on total production, which shows that Senegal’s chicken meat production increased more than it would have without the import ban. This may imply, in line with the infant-industry argument, that the ban has had a positive impact on chicken meat production. In addition, we use a farm-level analysis to evaluate the performance of typical Senegalese broiler farms. The comparison with Ghana shows that Senegalese farms are performing better and have lower costs of production. An opening of the markets should only be implemented gradually, by replacing the ban with tariffs because local industries must have the opportunity to adapt to the competition of the international market step by step.
Imprinting at the KBTBD6 locus involves species-specific maternal methylation and monoallelic expression in livestock animals
Authors: Ahn Jinsoo , Hwang In-Sul , Park Mi-Ryung , Hwang Seongsoo , Lee Kichoon 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The primary differentially methylated regions (DMRs) which are maternally hypermethylated serve as imprinting control regions (ICRs) that drive monoallelic gene expression, and these ICRs have been investigated due to their implications in mammalian development. Although a subset of genes has been identified as imprinted, in-depth comparative approach needs to be developed for identification of species-specific imprinted genes. Here, we examined DNA methylation status and allelic expression at the KBTBD6 locus across species and tissues and explored potential mechanisms of imprinting.

Results
Using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing and RNA-sequencing on parthenogenetic and normal porcine embryos, we identified a maternally hypermethylated DMR between the embryos at the KBTBD6 promoter CpG island and paternal monoallelic expression of KBTBD6. Also, in analyzed domesticated mammals but not in humans, non-human primates and mice, the KBTBD6 promoter CpG islands were methylated in oocytes and/or allelically methylated in tissues, and monoallelic KBTBD6 expression was observed, indicating livestock-specific imprinting. Further analysis revealed that these CpG islands were embedded within transcripts in porcine and bovine oocytes which coexisted with an active transcription mark and DNA methylation, implying the presence of transcription-dependent imprinting.

Conclusions
In this study, our comparative approach revealed an imprinted expression of the KBTBD6 gene in domesticated mammals, but not in humans, non-human primates, and mice which implicates species-specific evolution of genomic imprinting.
Targeting CD22 for B-cell hematologic malignancies
Authors: Xu Jia , Luo Wenjing , Li Chenggong , Mei Heng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCD19-targeted chimeric receptor antigen (CAR)-T cell therapy has shown remarkable clinical efficacy in the treatment of relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell malignancies. However, 30%–60% of patients eventually relapsed, with the CD19-negative relapse being an important hurdle to sustained remission. CD22 expression is independent of CD19 expression in malignant B cells. Consequently, CD22 is a potential alternative target for CD19 CAR-T cell-resistant patients. CD22-targeted therapies, mainly including the antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) and CAR-T cells, have come into wide clinical use with acceptable toxicities and promising efficacy. In this review, we explore the molecular and physiological characteristics of CD22, development of CD22 ADCs and CAR-T cells, and the available clinical data on CD22 ADCs and CAR-T cell therapies. Furthermore, we propose some perspectives for overcoming tumor escape and enhancing the efficacy of CD22-targeted therapies.
The relationship between social support, coping strategies and psychological distress and positive mental well-being in carers of people with borderline personality disorder
Authors: Hayes Aoife , Dempsey Maria , Kells Mary , Murphy Mike 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Informal carers of people with BPD experience high levels of burden and psychological distress relative to other populations. There is a scarcity of research evidencing the influence of modifiable factors on carer outcomes to inform interventions. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between social support, coping strategies and psychological distress and positive mental well-being in this carer population.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 1207 carers completed the McLean Screening Instrument for BPD-Carer Version, the Brief COPE, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Kessler Psychological Distress scale, the WHO-5 Well-being Index, and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Data for 863 participants who met the inclusion criteria were analysed.

Results
Carers reported low positive mental well-being and high psychological distress. Perceived social support and several coping strategies were significant unique predictors of psychological distress and positive mental well-being. Perceived social support and positive reframing were the strongest predictors of higher positive mental well-being and lower psychological distress. Self-blame, behavioural disengagement and substance use were the strongest predictors of adverse outcomes.

Conclusions
The findings evidence modifiable factors that may be used to improve informal carer outcomes and indicate that carer interventions may be improved by focusing on reducing the use of self-blame, behavioural disengagement and substance use, and development of quality social support and skills to positively reframe caregiving situations.