bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FPsim: an agent-based model of family planning
Authors: O’Brien Michelle L. , Valente Annie , Kerr Cliff C. , Proctor Joshua L. , Noori Navideh , Root Elisabeth D. , Olsen Helen , Buxton Samuel , Chabot-Couture Guillaume , Klein Daniel J. , Zimmermann Marita 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe behavioral and biological underpinnings of family planning (FP) unfold on an individual level, across a full reproductive life course, and within a complex system of social and structural constraints. Yet, much of the existing FP modeling landscape has focused solely on macro- or population-level dynamics of family planning. There is a need for an individual-based approach to provide a deeper understanding of how family planning is intertwined with individuals’ lives and health at the micro-level, which can contribute to more effective, person-centered design of both contraceptive technologies and programmatic interventions. This article introduces the Family Planning Simulator (FPsim), a data-driven, agent-based model of family planning, which explicitly models individual heterogeneity in biology and behavior over the life course. Agents in FPsim can experience a wide range of life-course events, such as increases in fecundability (and primary infertility), sexual debut, contraceptive choice, postpartum family planning, abortion, miscarriage, stillbirth, infant mortality, and maternal mortality. The core components of the model—fecundability and contraceptive choice, are represented individually and probabilistically, following age-specific patterns observed in demographic data and prospective cohort studies. Once calibrated to a setting leveraging multiple sources of data, FPsim can be used to build hypothetical scenarios and interrogate counterfactual research questions about the use, non-use, and/or efficacy of family planning programs and contraceptive methods. To our knowledge, FPsim is the first open-source, individual-level, woman-centered model of family planning.
Branched-chain fatty acids affect the expression of fatty acid synthase and C-reactive protein genes in the hepatocyte cell line
Authors: Gozdzik Paulina , Czumaj Aleksandra , Sledzinski Tomasz , Mika Adriana 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFatty acids (FAs) are known to play an important role in human metabolism; however, still little is known about the functions of certain FA classes present in blood at relatively low concentrations. Examples of such compounds include branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs). Recently, lowered BCFAs blood concentration was noticed in obese patients. An inverse correlation was found between serum concentrations of BCFAs and triglyceride levels, as well as C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration. Obesity is the most frequently observed component of metabolic syndrome and both disorders are accompanied by the dysregulation of FAs metabolism. However, not all of them are well understood. Our study is the first attempt at presenting the opposite effects of an iso-BCFA (14-methylpentadecanoic acid, 14-MPA) and an anteiso-BCFA (12-methyltetradecanoic acid, 12-MTA) on selected genes related to fatty acid synthesis and inflammation: FASN, SREBP1, CRP, and IL-6 in the HepG2 cell line. We observed lowered expression of FASN, SREBP1, CRP, and IL-6 in cells treated with 14-MPA in comparison with control cells. In contrast, supplementation with 12-MTA caused opposite effects: increased mRNA levels of FASN, CRP, and IL-6. 12-MTA did not influence SREBP1 expression. The results of our preliminary study may suggest potential benefits of the supplementation of iso-BCFAs in obese patients, for inflammation and hypertriglyceridemia prevention.
Machine learning based hosting capacity determination methodology for low voltage distribution networks
Authors: Qammar Naveed , Arshad Ammar , Miller Robert John , Mahmoud Karar , Lehtonen Matti 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFor the past few years, the addition of renewable energy sources has been on the rise, but the unregulated addition of these sources can cause severe harm to the grid. Therefore, it is necessary to have a predefined limit for a grid, beyond which no further addition of renewables should be allowed without reinforcement. That limit is called the hosting capacity (HC), which is addressed in the literature by search‐based methods with heavy computational burdens. This manuscript first presents a framework to find the HC for a grid. The same framework is then applied to 503 different simulated but realistic LV distribution feeders in Finland to find their HCs and the most effective network parameters in defining a network specific HC. Next, different machine learning models, that is, Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Linear Regression (LR), K nearest neighbours (KNN), Logistic Regression, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are implemented on the generated data. For the classification case, the accuracy values for logistic regression, KNN, and SVM were 0.89, 0.84, and 0.81, respectively. The findings demonstrate that the developed machine learning based technique will enable distribution network operators in finding the HC without applying any deterministic or probabilistic approaches.
Image inpainting network based on multi‐level attention mechanism
Authors: Xiang Hongyue , Min Weidong , Wei Zitai , Zhu Meng , Liu Mengxue , Deng Ziyang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImage inpainting networks based on deep learning techniques have been widely used in many important fields. However, most inpainting networks fail to generate desirable repaired images. This may be due to their failure to extract effective features and accurately assign high weights to the undamaged regions. To alleviate these problems, an image inpainting network based on gated convolution and multi‐level attention mechanism (IIN‐GCMAM) is proposed in this paper. This network follows encoder–decoder architecture, consisting of the gated convolution encoder (GC‐encoder) and the multi‐level attention mechanism decoder (MAM‐decoder). The GC‐encoder weighs the extracted features with gated convolutions, which reduces the interference caused by the damaged regions. The multi‐level attention mechanism employed in the MAM‐decoder uses multi‐scale feature maps spatially and channel‐wise to improve the consistency in global structure and the fineness of repaired results. Extensive experiments are conducted on the common datasets, Paris StreetView and CelebA. Experimental results indicate that the proposed IIN‐GCMAM can achieve a good performance on the common evaluation metrics and visual effects. It can achieve 0.0408, 0.720, and 22.27 in MAE, SSIM, and PSNR at the mask ratio of 50%–60%, respectively.
A validated finite element model for room acoustic treatments with edge absorbers
Authors: Kraxberger Florian , Kurz Eric , Weselak Werner , Kubin Gernot , Kaltenbacher Manfred , Schoder Stefan 
Published: October 2023

Porous acoustic absorbers have excellent properties in the low-frequency range when positioned in room edges, therefore they are a common method for reducing low-frequency reverberation. However, standard room acoustic simulation methods such as ray tracing and mirror sources are invalid for low frequencies in general which is a consequence of using geometrical methods, yielding a lack of simulation tools for these so-called edge absorbers. In this article, a validated finite element simulation model is presented, which is able to predict the effect of an edge absorber on the acoustic field. With this model, the interaction mechanisms between room and absorber can be studied by high-resolved acoustic field visualizations in both room and absorber. The finite element model is validated against transfer function data computed from impulse response measurements in a reverberation chamber in style of ISO 354. The absorber made of Basotect® is modeled using the Johnson-Champoux-Allard-Lafarge model, which is fitted to impedance tube measurements using the four-microphone transfer matrix method. It is shown that the finite element simulation model is able to predict the influence of different edge absorber configurations on the measured transfer functions to a high degree of accuracy. The evaluated third-octave band error exhibits deviations of 3.3–4.1 dB computed from third-octave band averaged spectra.
Weltweite Leitlinie zur Sturzprävention
Authors: Beyersdorf Christoph , Schultz Katharina 
Published: October 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Inzidenz von Stürzen bei älteren Menschen ist weiter steigend. Diese gehen mit einer erheblichen Morbidität und Mortalität sowie einer Belastung des Gesundheitssystems einher. Bei den Betroffenen führen Stürze häufig zu einem Verlust der Selbstständigkeit. Um bislang bestehende Leitlinien zu dieser Thematik zu vereinheitlichen und aktuelle wissenschaftliche Entwicklungen miteinzubeziehen sind im September 2022 die „World Guidelines for Falls Prevention and Management: a Global Initiative“ entstanden. Diese wurden durch ein internationales und multidisziplinäres Leitlinienkomitee entworfen und sollen medizinischen Fachkräften eine Richtlinie zur Risikostratifizierung und zum Management von sturzgefährdeten Personen bieten. Hierbei sollen die Erwartungen der jeweiligen Person sowie die lokal verfügbaren Ressourcen berücksichtigt werden. Es erfolgt eine Unterteilung in niedriges, intermediäres und hohes Risiko, woraus sich entsprechende Handlungsempfehlungen ableiten.
Establishment of the Daucus carota SMC-1 Cell Suspension Line for Poliovirus Vaccine Development
Authors: Morales-Aguilar Mónica , Bolaños-Martínez Omayra Citlalli , Maldonado Andrea Romero , Govea-Alonso Dania O. , Carreño-Campos Christian , Villarreal María Luisa , Rosales-Mendoza Sergio , Ortiz-Caltempa Anabel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe development of virus-free, oral vaccines against poliovirus capable of inducing mucosal protective immunity is needed to safely combat this pathogen. In the present study, a carrot cell
line expressing the poliovirus VP2 antigen was established at the level of callus and cell suspensions, exploring the effects of culture media (MS and B5), supplementation with urea,
phytoregulators (2,4-D : KIN), and light conditions (continuous light, photoperiod, and total darkness). The best callus growth was obtained on B5 medium supplemented with 2 mg/L of
2,4-D + 2 mg/L kinetin and 0.0136 g/L of urea and in continuous light conditions. Suspension cultures of the SMC-1 line in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks had a maximum growth of 16.07 ± 0.03 g/L
DW on day 12 with a growth rate of µ=0.3/d and a doubling time of 2.3 days. In a 2 L airlift bioreactor, the biomass yield achieved was 25.6 ± 0.05 g/L DW at day 10 with a growth rate of µ=
0.58/d and doubling time of 1.38 d. Cell growth was 1.5 times higher in bioreactors than in shake flasks, highlighting that both systems resulted in the accumulation of VP2 throughout the
time in culture. The maximum VP2 yield in flasks was 387.8 µg/g DW at day 21, while in the reactor it was 550.2 µg/g DW at day 18. In conclusion, bioreactor-based production of the VP2
protein by the SMC-1 suspension cell line offers a higher productivity when compared to flask cultures, offering a key perspective to produce low-cost vaccines against poliomyelitis.
Rechtskonformität der ärztlichen Aufklärung
bei relativ indizierter sekundärer Sectio an geburtshilflichen Kliniken
in Deutschland – Teil I: Status quo-Erhebung
Authors: Jaster Alexandra Marina , Gaidzik Peter Wolfgang , Schiermeier Sven 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Zur Wahrung des Selbstbestimmungsrechts der Patientin erwartet
die höchstrichterliche Rechtsprechung im Falle der relativen Indikation
zur sekundären Sectio eine vorgezogene Aufklärung über
diese echte Behandlungsalternative sowie die Möglichkeit der
Wahlentscheidung für den Geburtsmodus seitens der Patientin. Das Ziel
dieser deutschlandweiten Studie war die Erhebung des Status quo zur
Rechtskonformität der diesbezüglichen Aufklärungspraxis
an allen deutschen geburtshilflichen Kliniken sowie ein darauf aufbauender
Vergleich anhand des Klinikformats.
Methodik Alle geburtshilflichen Kliniken in Deutschland wurden im Rahmen
einer anonymen Online-Studie mit einem auf der Basis des BGH-Urteils vom
28.08.2018 (AZ: VI ZR 509/17) entwickelten Fragebogen per E-Mail
angeschrieben. Drei Fragen mussten zur Bejahung der Rechtskonformität
kumulativ mit „ja“ beantwortet werden. Die antwortenden Kliniken
wurden anhand ihres Formates (Status als Universitätsklinikum /
Andere Kliniken geschichtet nach Anzahl der Geburten pro Jahr) in sechs Gruppen
eingeteilt.
Ergebnisse 93 Fragebögen konnten ausgewertet werden. 14 Kliniken
(15,05%) erfüllen die Anforderungen. Kliniken mit einer
jährlichen Geburtenzahl von 1.000–1.499 schneiden im Vergleich
noch am besten ab.
Schlussfolgerung Es besteht der dringende Bedarf nach einem sicheren
rechtskonformen Aufklärungskonzept für die alltägliche
Geburtspraxis an deutschen Kliniken.
Correction of Coronal Deformity and Intercompartmental Imbalance through Bone Resection
Authors: Roche Martin , Law Tsun Yee 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis review discusses the correction of coronal deformity and intercompartmental imbalance through bone resection in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). To achieve functional knee balance, coronal, rotational, and sagittal alignment are critical to successful patient outcomes. Though variations in coronal alignment are debated as a correlate to positive results, advancements in utilizing implant position, alignment, and soft tissue balance to improve patient outcomes and function are an evolving discussion. This study draws upon existing literature, clinical studies, and surgical techniques related to TKA, including advancements in navigation and robotics. The study highlights the importance of individualized alignment strategies for varus and valgus knees. While mechanical neutral alignment has shown excellent long-term data, reevaluating the anatomic recreation of the patient's joint line obliquity is now being studied extensively. Sensor data and navigation systems contribute to improved outcomes and patient satisfaction. The evolution of navigation and robotics has led surgeons to achieve their target angles consistently and accurately; now, the discussion is around the most effective alignment targets. The classification of various phenotypes assists in the proposed starting points for implant position, but soft tissue tension is required in the input data to achieve global balance and stable motion. Each approach's advantages and limitations are considered. In conclusion, achieving optimal coronal alignment, joint line obliquity, and soft tissue balance is crucial for successful TKA outcomes. Personalized alignment philosophies, supported by three-dimensional data and sensor technology, are evolving to minimize critical errors and enhance functional results. Robotic assistance and future advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning hold promise for further improving TKA outcomes in the quest for soft tissue stabilization.
Electronic Health Record Usage Patterns Across Surgical Subspecialties
Authors: Tang Kevin , Labagnara Kevin , Babar Mustufa , Loloi Justin , Watts Kara L. , Jariwala Sunit , Abraham Nitya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to utilize metrics from physician action logs to analyze surgeon clinical, volume, electronic health record (EHR) efficiency, EHR proficiency, and workload outside scheduled time as impacted by physician characteristics such as years of experience, gender, subspecialty, academic title, and administrative title.
Methods We selected 30 metrics from Epic Signal, an analytic tool in Epic that extracts metrics related to clinician documentation. Metrics measuring appointments, messages, and scheduled hours per day were used as a correlate for volume. EHR efficiency, and proficiency were measured by scores built into Epic Signal. Metrics measuring time spent in the EHR outside working hours were used as a correlate for documentation burden. We analyzed these metrics among surgeons at our institution across 4 months and correlated them with physician characteristics.
Results Analysis of 133 surgeons showed that, when stratified by gender, female surgeons had significantly higher EHR metrics for time per day, time per appointment, and documentation burden, and significantly lower EHR metrics for efficiency when compared to male surgeons. When stratified by experience, surgeons with 0 to 5 years of experience had significantly lower EHR metrics for volume, time per day, efficiency, and proficiency when compared to surgeons with 6 to 10 and more than 10 years of experience. On multivariate analysis, having over 10 years of experience was an independent predictor of more appointments per day, greater proficiency, and spending less time per completed message. Female gender was an independent predictor of spending more time in notes per appointment and time spent in the EHR outside working hours.
Conclusion The burden associated with volume, proficiency, efficiency, and workload outside scheduled time related to EHR use varies by gender and years of experience in our cohort of surgeons. Evaluation of physician action logs could help identify those at higher risk of burnout due to burdensome medical documentation.
Stereotactic Intracavitary Irradiation for Cystic Craniopharyngiomas with Rhenium-186
Authors: Fagundes Walter , Souza Rodolpho Albuquerque , Touzet Gustavo , Carpentier Philippe , Dhellemmes Patrick , Blond Serge 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective The intracavitary irradiation of cystic tumors has been used as a therapeutic alternative modality in the management of cystic craniopharyngiomas. In the present study, we review our experience, considering the technical issues, outcomes, and complications associated with the use of stereotactic intracavitary irradiation (SICI) with colloidal rhenium-186 (186Re) for cystic craniopharyngioma.
Material and Methods The records of 33 patients with cystic craniopharyngiomas treated by SICI with colloidal 186Re were retrospectively reviewed. The median radiation dose to the cyst wall was of 408 Gy (range: 175 Gy to 500 Gy). All tumors were composed of a large cyst cavity, and 9 (27.3%) also had a solid component. The mean follow-up period was of 3.7 years.
Results After SICI, 31 (93.9%) patients showed radiological evidence of cyst regression, and, in 2 (6.1%), no response was observed. An improvement in the visual deficits was observed in 8 cases (24.2%), and an improvement in endocrinogical disturbances, in 2 cases (6.1%). We observed complications in 3 patients (9.1%): diabetes insupidus in 1 case (3%), aggravation of visual acuity in 1 case (3%), and severe headache after infusion of the colloid in 1 case (3%); and 1 patient (3%) died after meningitis.
Conclusion Stereotactic intracavitary irradiation with colloidal 186Re is a safe procedure, with satisfactory results in the present series, and should be considered, in the management of cystic craniopharyngiomas, the first-intention therapy or as an adjuvant to other therapeutical modalities, with acceptable morbidity and mortality rates.
Decompressive Craniectomy in Extensive Ischemic Stroke. An Experience in a Single Institution
Authors: Echenique-Fajardo Diego Alejandro , Izaguirre-González Edenys Lourdes , De Gouveia Rodríguez María Lucy , Brito-Núñez Nafxiel Jesús 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a valuable treatment for reducing early lethality in malignant intracranial hypertension (IH); however, it has been shown that the decision to implement DC in patients with extensive ischemic stroke should not be based solely on the detection of IH with the use of intracranial pressure (ICP) devices.
Objective To establish the usefulness of DC in patients with extensive ischemic stroke who came to the emergency room during the period between May 2018 and March 2019.
Methods This was an analytical, prospective, and longitudinal study whose population corresponded to all patients with a diagnosis of extensive ischemic stroke.
Results The sample consisted of 5 patients, of which 3 were female and 2 males, the average age was 62.2 years old (minimum 49 years old, maximum 77 years old). Of all the patients who underwent DC, it was found that 80% of the patients did not present an increase in intracranial pressure. Decompressive craniectomy was not performed in a case that responded adequately to medical treatment. The mean values of ICP were 25 mmHg with a minimum value of 20 mmHg and a maximum value of 25 mmHg; in patients with a moderate value, the ICP averages were < 20 mmHg. The mortality was of 40% (RANKIN of 6 points).
Conclusions Decompressive craniectomy is useful in extensive ischemic stroke. The decision to implement DC in patients with extensive stroke rests on clinicoradiological parameters. The monitoring of the IPC was not particularly useful in the early detection of the neurological deterioration of the patients studied.
Bilateral Cerebral Venous Thrombosis with a Rare Presentation in a COVID-19 Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Ahrari Iman , Saffarian Arash , Rakhsha Abbas , Ghavipisheh Mahsa , Gholami Mohamad Reza 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSince the COVID-19 pandemic started, millions of peoples are involved. The presentation of the disease varies from mild respiratory symptoms and multiple organ failure to coma and death. Neurological symptoms such as headache or seizure are also coincident with COVID-19. Thromboembolic events increase in COVID-19 patients due to hypercoagulability and inflammation, particularly in severely ill patients. Thrombosis may cause venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or cerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT). Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis is a rare phenomenon that is usually found in critically ill patients with bad prognoses. In the present case report, we present a 40-year-old man with COVID-19 confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) who was admitted due to acute bilateral visual loss due to bilateral transverse sinus thrombosis. Pseudotumor cerebri disease was confirmed through high lumbar puncture. Early surgical intervention (optic nerve fenestration) was performed and, fortunately, his visual acuity improved. Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis is a rare incident in COVID-19 patients, but due to irreversible complications, an early diagnosis is fundamental. In any neurologic change in COVID-19 patients, CSVT must be considered. Also, prophylactic thrombolytic therapy should be kept in mind as the patient is admitted.