bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The essential oil of Origanum syriacum L. var. sinaicum (Boiss.) letswaart
Authors: Başer K. Hüsnü Can , Kürkçüoǧlu Mine , Demirci Betül , Özek Temel 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWater‐distilled essential oil from herbal parts of Origanum syriacum var. sinaicum cultivated in El Arish, Egypt was analysed by GC and GC–MS using polar and non‐polar columns. Thymol (24–29%), cis‐sabinene hydrate (18–20%), γ‐terpinene (13–15%), p‐cymene (5–8%) and terpinen‐4‐ol (4–8%) were characterized as the main constituents. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of aroma volatiles in key lime essential oils (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle)
Authors: Chisholm Mary G. , Wilson Matthew A. , Gaskey Gina M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe most intense aroma volatiles of extracted and distilled oils from the peels of key lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) were identiﬁed using gas chromatography–olfactometry (GC–O) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Over 50 odour‐active volatiles were detected in the extracted oil, and over 60 in the distilled oil. Geranial, neral and linalool were found to dominate the lime oil aroma in both oils, which accounted for their fresh, ﬂoral citrus‐like character. Many simple aldehydes contributed to the aroma of the extracted oil, giving it a characteristic lime tone. The distilled oil contained many new odourants, resulting from the acid‐catalysed distillation, which imparted woody, musty, spicy and balsamic notes to its aroma. These are C10 alcohols and ethers and many sesquiterpenes, most of which possess lower odour activity and contribute to the more intense piney aroma of the distilled oil. 7‐Methoxycoumarin was found to be one of the more intense odourants in the extracted oil. Caryophyllene oxide and humulene oxide II were found to be major odourants in the distilled oil; their intensities varied with the method of analysis of the oil. They contribute a sawdust‐like and skunky odour, respectively, to the distilled lime oil. Many sesquiterpenes were found to possess some odour activity. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Composition of the essential oils of six endemic Salvia spp. from Turkey
Authors: Demirci Betül , Hüsnü Can Başer K. , Yıldız Bayram , Bahçecioǧlu Zeliha 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe water‐distilled essential oils from dried aerial parts of Salvia blepharochlaena, S. caespitosa, S. divaricata, S. hypargeia, S. longipedicellata and S. pilifera (Lamiaceae), endemic in Turkey, were analysed by GC–MS. α‐Pinene, β‐pinene, 1,8‐cineole, thymol, caryophyllene oxide, α‐thujone respectively, were the major constituenst of the oils. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemical composition of essential oils from needles, branches and cones of Pinus pinea, P. halepensis, P. pinaster and P. nigra from central ltaly
Authors: Macchioni F. , Cioni P. L. , Flamini G. , Morelli I. , Maccioni S. , Ansaldi M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe composition of the essential oils from the needles, branches and female cones of four species of Pinaceae, Pinus pinea, P. halepensis, P. pinaster and P. nigra, has been analysed and comparative chemical evaluations were obtained. In P. pinea the major compound of the essential oils of all the three plant parts is limonene (58.9–62.5%), in P. halepensis α‐pinene (18.1%–53.6%) and myrcene (13.7–42.1%), in P. pinaster α‐pinene (24.7–40.4%) and β‐pinene (21.7–29.2%), and in P. nigra α‐pinene (28.4–61.7%). Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pricing of moving‐average‐type options with applications
Authors: Kao Chih‐Hao , Lyuu Yuh‐Dauh 
Published: March 2003

AbstractMoving‐average‐type options are complex path‐dependent derivatives whose payoff depends
on the moving average of stock prices. This article concentrates on two such options traded in practice: the
moving‐average‐lookback option and the moving‐average‐reset option. Both options
were issued in Taiwan in 1999, for example. The moving‐average‐lookback option is an option struck
at the minimum moving average of the underlying asset's prices. This article presents efficient algorithms
for pricing geometric and arithmetic moving‐average‐lookback options. Monte Carlo simulation
confirmed that our algorithms converge quickly to the option value. The price difference between geometric
averaging and arithmetic averaging is small. Because it takes much less time to price the
geometric‐moving‐average version, it serves as a practical approximation to the arithmetic
moving‐average version. When applied to the moving‐average‐lookback options traded on
Taiwan's stock exchange, our algorithm gave almost the exact issue prices. The numerical delta and gamma of
the options revealed subtle behavior and had implications for hedging. The moving‐average‐reset
option was struck at a series of decreasing contract‐specified prices on the basis of moving averages.
Similar results were obtained for such options with the same methodology. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Jrl Fut Mark 23:415–440, 2003
B‐mode sonographic criteria for differential diagnosis of cervicofacial lymphadenopathy in cat‐scratch disease and toxoplasmosis
Authors: Ridder Gerd Jürgen , Boedeker Carsten Christof , Lee Tao‐Kwang Kevin , Sander Anna 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground.Our purpose was to evaluate different sonographic parameters of cervicofacial lymphadenopathy caused by cat‐scratch disease (CSD) and toxoplasmosis.Methods.By use of high‐resolution B‐mode sonography a total of 552 lymph nodes in the head and neck were detected between January 1997 and December 2001. There were 71 patients (422 lymph nodes) with CSD and 19 patients (130 lymph nodes) with toxoplasmosis. Sonographic variables, including 20 sonomorphologic features along with age and gender, were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression.Results.Heterogenous lymph nodes were more often found in CSD (p = .003), and nonsharp nodal borders showed a significant association with CSD (p = .0005). Multivariate analysis identified sharpness of borders (p = .0001), S/L ratio (p = .0006), and type of lymphadenopathy (acute, abscessed, chronic) (p = .0006) as most significant for differentiating between CSD and toxoplasmosis.Conclusions.These results provide significant and useful criteria for ultrasonographic differentiation between CSD and toxoplasmosis. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 306–312, 2003
Reconstruction with radial forearm flaps after ablative surgery for hypopharyngeal cancer
Authors: Scharpf Joseph , Esclamado Ramon M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground.Patients afflicted with advanced hypopharyngeal cancer must contend with both potentially poor survival prognosis and a compromised quality of remaining life. After extensive ablative surgery, it is imperative to use a reliable, low morbidity reconstructive strategy that will allow for an expedient reconstitution of speech and swallowing.Methods.Retrospective review of the records of 28 patients who underwent pharyngoesophageal reconstruction with radial forearm free flaps (RFFF) between 1996 and 2001 by a single surgeon (RE). Analysis was confined to patients requiring complete tubulation of the RFFF. Perioperative mortality, morbidity, and functional evaluation based on the parameters of speech and swallowing were analyzed.Results.Completely tubulated RFFF were required in 25 patients. There was 100% RFFF survival with no perioperative mortalities. The median hospital stay was 8.0 days. All patients acquired a reconstitution of oral alimentation; median time to swallowing was 18.0 days. Fourteen of 16 patients (93%) were able to rely on TEP speech as their main modality of communication. Two patients (8%) had early fistulas develop, and 5 (20%) had late fistulas develop. Nine patients (36%) required mechanical dilatation; five of the nine patients required only one dilatation.Conclusion.Review of our experience has confirmed the reliability and excellent functional outcome associated with this flap. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 261–266, 2003
Expansion of natural killer cells in patients with head and neck cancer: Detection of “noninhibitory” (activating) killer Ig‐like receptors on circulating natural killer cells
Authors: Melioli Giovanni , Semino Claudia , Margarino Giovanni , Mereu Paola , Scala Marco , Cangemi Giuliana , Crocetti Emanuele , Machì Anna Maria , Ferlazzo Guido 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground.In a group of patients with head and neck cancers (H&NC), the expansion of the population of CD3−,CD16+ natural killer (NK) cells in the peripheral blood was studied.Methods.Cytofluorimetric analysis of the expression of killer Ig‐like receptors (KIR, namely p58.1, p58.2, p58.3, p70, and p140) and CD94‐NKG2a was performed. Cytolytic activities were studied using 51Cr release assay. T and NK cell cloning was performed using limiting dilution culture conditions. Cytokine production was analyzed using commercial enzyme immunoassays.Results.Phenotypic analysis showed that the expanded populations were heterogeneous. Even in the presence of a large number of circulating NK cells, “nonspecific” cytolytic capacities were heavily reduced, whereas cytolytic capacity related to T cells was virtually normal. Unlike NK cell clones derived from healthy donors, most NK cells derived from H&NC patients expressed surface “activating” NK cell receptors (KAR) for HLA, detected by use of a redirected cytolytic assay. Analysis of the CD4+ subpopulation at the clonal level demonstrated that they had a severe proliferative defect.Conclusion.These experimental data indicated that H&NC patients have a polyclonal expansion of functionally deficient NK cells expressing KAR. In addition, the proliferative capacity of patients' “helper” cells was strongly inhibited, thus accounting for a severe impairment of cytolytic activity of the expanded NK cells. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 297–305, 2003
Expression of Ku86 confers favorable outcome of tonsillar carcinoma treated with radiotherapy
Authors: Friesland Signe , Kanter‐Lewensohn Lena , Tell Roger , Munck‐Wikland Eva , Lewensohn Rolf , Nilsson Anders 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground.To determine possible molecular markers for predicting radiosensitivity in squamous cell carcinoma, we have examined the relationship between pretreatment expression of the DNA damage recognition complex DNA‐PK, its in vitro substrates, p53 and MDM2, local tumor control after radiotherapy (RT), and patient survival.Methods and Materials.Formalin‐fixed tumor biopsy specimens from 79 previously untreated patients with tonsillar carcinoma were analyzed by immunohistochemical methods.Results.Tumors expressing high levels of Ku86 had better locoregional control in contrast to tumors expressing low levels of Ku86 (p = .023). Survival of patients with tumors expressing high levels of DNA‐PKcs was significantly better than survival of patients with tumors expressing low levels of DNA‐PKcs (p = .0024). p53 and MDM2 status alone did not correlate with survival of patients. However, patients with p53 tumors and high DNA‐PKcs expression had significantly better survival than patients with p53+ tumors expressing low levels of DNA‐PKcs (p = .0018). Furthermore, survival of patients with high expression of DNA‐PKcs or Ku86 and low MDM2 levels was significantly better when compared with survival of patients with low DNA‐PKcs or Ku86 and high MDM2 (p = .0017 and p = .0034, respectively).Conclusions.High expression of DNA‐PKcs/Ku86 in combination with p53 negativity in tonsillar carcinoma correlates with better survival of patients. Identifying tumors with a phenotype predicting poor survival may be used to optimize treatment of patients with radioresistant tumors. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 313–321, 2003
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasis treated by the harmonic scalpel
Authors: Ishibashi Toshio , Takamatsu Shunsuke 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground.Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasis (HTT) is a familial autosomal dominant genetic disorder that causes abnormalities of the wall of peripheral blood vessels. Severe nosebleed often is the dominant symptom. A variety of therapies have been proposed for epistaxis control in HHT but with limited success.Methods.We report two cases of HHT in which recurrent nasal bleeding was successfully controlled using the Harmonic Scalpel.Results.Use of the Harmonic Scalpel avoids the carbonization and incrustation of the nasal mucosa that commonly results from electrocautery and laser irradiation. Even during active bleeding, hemostasis can be achieved by repeated applications of the scalpel blade.Conclusion.This method can be performed quick and reliably on an outpatient basis. The Harmonic Scalpel may be the treatment of choice for recurrent epistaxis in HHT. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 333–336, 2003
The impact of head and neck cancer and facial disfigurement on the quality of life of patients and their partners
Authors: Vickery Lindsey E. , Latchford Gary , Hewison Jenny , Bellew Maggie , Feber Tricia 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground.Psychological and physical stresses from head and neck cancer can be substantial for patients and partners. There is minimal research exploring treatment impact, particularly facial disfigurement after surgery.Materials and Methods.Twenty‐eight surgery and radiotherapy/brachytherapy/chemoradiation patients and 25 of their partners were compared with 23 radiotherapy/brachytherapy patients and 19 partners. Participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Psychosocial Adaptation to Illness Scale, Dyadic Adjustment Scale, and European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality Of Life Scale, including the Head and Neck Cancer module. The Dropkin Disfigurement and Dysfunction scale classified surgical impairment.Results.Partners reported greater distress than patients on some scales. Patients did not have a lower quality of life compared with normal populations and other cancer patients. However, on the EORTC they did and were comparable to a normed sample of head and neck cancer patients. Treatment modality was not predictive of psychological vulnerability.Discussion.Head and neck cancer patients do not necessarily experience poor quality of life. The disease can have a significant impact on partners. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 289–296, 2003
Squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa: One institution's experience with 119 previously untreated patients
Authors: Diaz Eduardo M. , Holsinger F. Christopher , Zuniga Edgar R. , Roberts Dianna B. , Sorensen Douglas M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground.Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the buccal mucosa is a rare, but especially aggressive, form of oral cavity cancer, associated with a high rate of locoregional recurrence and poor survival. We reviewed our institution's experience with 119 consecutive, previously untreated patients with buccal SCC.Methods.We reviewed the charts of 250 patients who were seen at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center between January, 1974, and December, 1993. Of these, 119 were untreated and were subsequently treated exclusively at our institution. Patients who were previously treated elsewhere or whose lesions arose in other sites and only secondarily involved the buccal mucosa were excluded.Results.Patients with T1‐ or T2‐sized tumors had only a 78% and 66% 5‐year survival, respectively. Muscle invasion, Stensen's duct involvement, and extracapsular spread of involved lymph nodes were all associated with decreased survival (p < .05). Surgical salvage for patients with locoregional recurrence after radiation therapy was rarely successful.Conclusions.SCC of the buccal mucosa is a highly aggressive form of oral cavity cancer, with a tendency to recur locoregionally. Patients with buccal mucosa SCC have a worse stage‐for‐stage survival rate than do patients with other oral cavity sites. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 267–273, 2003
Functional anatomy of the lymphatic drainage system of the upper aerodigestive tract and its role in metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Werner Jochen A. , Dünne Anja A. , Myers Jeffrey N. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground.Although there is a significant understanding of the vascular anatomy of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT), there is less detailed knowledge of the architecture and drainage patterns of the lymphatic system. Detailed knowledge of the lymphatic system is critical for understanding the role of sentinal node identification in the management of different cancers.Methods.We have combined microscopic techniques with in vivo and in vitro lymphographic studies to survey the architecture and drainage patterns of the lymphatic system of the UADT in 850 organ specimens.Results.These studies show an interaction of superficial and deep lymphatic networks that vary in density but have a constant distribution characterized by predictable patterns of lymph drainage into the regional lymph nodes.Conclusions.Detailed knowledge of the lymphatic system of the UADT contributes to a better understanding of the patterns of metastatic spread of carcinomas of the UADT and provides a strong rationale for the practice of sentinel node identification in the management of these tumors. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 322–332, 2003
Validation of a non‐invasive blood‐sampling technique for doubly‐labelled water experiments
Authors: Voigt Christian C. , Helversen Otto Von , Michener Robert H. , Kunz Thomas H. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTwo techniques for bleeding small mammals have been used in doubly‐labeled water (DLW) studies, including vena puncture and the use of starved nymphal stages of hematophagous reduviid bugs (Reduviidae, Hemiptera). In this study, we tested the validity of using reduviid bugs in doubly‐labeled water experiments. We found that the isotope enrichment in initial blood samples collected with bugs was significantly lower compared to isotope enrichment in blood samples obtained using vena puncture. We therefore used the desiccation method for estimating total body water (TBW) in DLW experiments because TBW calculated using the isotope dilution method was overestimated when blood samples were collected using reduviid bugs. In our validation experiment with nectar‐feeding bats (Glossophaga soricina), we compared estimates of daily energy expenditure (DEE) using DLW with those derived from the energy balance method. We considered Speakman's equation (controlling for 25% fractionated water loss) as the most appropriate for our study animal and calculated DEE accordingly. On average, DEE estimated with DLW was not significantly different from the mean value obtained with the energy balance method (mean deviation 1.2%). We conclude that although bug hemolymph or intestinal liquids most likely contaminate the samples, estimates of DEE are still valid because the DLW method does not depend on absolute isotope enrichments but on the rate of isotope decrease over time. However, dilution of blood with intestinal liquids or hemolymph from a bug may lead to larger variation in DEE estimates. We also tested how the relative error of DLW estimates changed with varying assumptions about fractionation. We used three additional equations for calculating DEE in DLW experiments. The basic equation for DLW experiments published by Lifson and McClintock (LM‐6) assumes no fractionation, resulted in an overestimate of DEE by 10%. Nagy's equation (N‐2) controls for changes in body mass but not for fractionation. Using Nagy's equation, DEE was overestimated by 8%. Under the assumption that 50% of total water flux fractionates, the alternative equation by Lifson and McClintock (LM‐35) DEE was underestimated by 5%. The best fit between estimates of DEE based on DLW and energy balance measurements was derived by assuming that 32% of total water flux (TWF) is fractionated. We conclude that the outcome of DLW experiments is sensitive to assumptions regarding evaporative water loss, and thus recommend Speakman's equation 7.17 for use with bats. J. Exp. Zool. 296A:87–97, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential effects of thyroxine on metabolic enzymes and other macromolecules in a freshwater teleost
Authors: Tripathi G. , Verma Priyanka 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe effects of thyroxine (T4) on citrate synthase (CS), glucose 6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6‐PDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), DNA, RNA, and protein of various tissues were studied to elucidate the hormonal control of metabolism in a freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus. T4 did not produce any significant effect on DNA content of the fish. The CS, RNA, and protein contents of brain, liver, and skeletal muscle of the fish exposed to thiourea for 28 days decreased approximately 50–58% as compared to their levels in control individuals. Injection of T4 to thiourea‐exposed fish produced about three‐fold increases in CS, RNA, and protein. These macromolecular inductions by T4 were blocked by actinomycin D or cycloheximide. This suggests T4‐induced de novo synthesis of macromolecules and stimulation of aerobic capacity. However, the activities of G6‐PDH and LDH of brain, liver, and skeletal muscle of the fish exposed to thiourea increased two times that of the activities in control individuals. Administration of T4 to thiourea‐exposed fish reduced LDH and G6‐PDH activities by about 64–74%, which reflects T4‐dependent inhibition in anaerobic power and selective anabolic activities of the HMP pathway. These differential effects of T4 on some metabolic enzymes and other important macromolecules may be to meet the other T4‐induced responses in the freshwater catfish. J. Exp. Zool. 296A:117–124, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Photoperiodic response of the hypothalamo‐pituitary‐gonad axis in male and female canaries, Serinus canaria
Authors: Bentley George E. , Audage Natalie C. , Hanspal Era K. , Ball Gregory F. , Hahn Thomas P. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAlthough the gonadal photoperiodic response and its influence upon the song control system in canaries have been extensively studied, photoperiodic regulation of the GnRH system has not been investigated. To examine the relationship between photoperiod and the reproductive neuroendocrine system in male and female canaries, three groups of canaries were exposed to chronic short days (8L:16D; Phsens), acute long days (18L:6D; Phstim) and chronic long days (also 18L:6D; Phrefr) to induce the reproductive states of photosensitivity, photostimulation, and photorefractoriness, respectively. Brain sections were processed for GnRH immunocytochemistry. The canaries in this study did not demonstrate consistent or uniform responses to different photoperiodic treatments. In males, gonad size varied with photoperiod; Phstim males had larger gonads than either the Phsens or Phrefr males. In contrast, there was no difference between groups in female gonad size as a result of photoperiodic treatment. Brain GnRH cell number, cell size, and fiber density were similar in all groups. The results suggest that canaries are not as obligatory photoperiodic as previously thought (or at least not all varieties of domestic canaries are). This could be a result of many years of domestication, the natural history of the species, phylogenetic constraint, or a combination of these factors. J. Exp. Zool. 296A:143–151, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.