bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity in Lacrimal Pathway Morphology among Japanese Patients with Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
Authors: Nakamura Jutaro , Ohno Tomoko , Asano Mizuki , Takeuchi Masaki , Mizuki Nobuhisa , Matsumura Nozomi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective:
This prospective observational study aimed to explore the diversity in lacrimal pathway morphology among patients with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) by examining dacryocystography (DCG) images.
Methods:
The study included 64 patients who underwent DCG before undergoing general anesthesia probing for unilateral CNLDO. Several parameters were measured from the sagittal section DCG images: (1) the angle between the lacrimal sac (LS) and the nasolacrimal duct (NLD), (2) the angle between the superior orbital rim, the center of the LS, and the NLD, and (3) the length of the LS, (4) the length of the bony NLD. Additionally, the following parameters were measured from coronal section images: (5) the angle formed by the LS and the NLD and (6) the angle formed by the LS concerning the midline.
Results:
The average age of the patients was 34.3 months (range: 14–84 months). The mean ± standard deviation of the measurements of the above parameters was (1) -1.2° ± 16.5° (range: -44.6°–46.6°), (2) -5.0° ± 10.3° (range: -24.0°–19.0°), (3) 10.2 ± 2.4 mm (range: 6.5–16.0 mm), (4) 8.0 ± 2.5 mm (range: 3.1–14.8 mm), and (5) 15.6 ± 11.2° (range: -16.8°–41.0°), (5) 15.1 ± 5.2° (range: 3.3°–29.8°). All parameters, except for parameter (3), conformed to a normal distribution.
Conclusions:
This study provides valuable anthropometric data derived from DCG images, and the results highlight the substantial variability in lacrimal pathway morphology among patients with CNLDO. These findings have the potential to influence both diagnostic and treatment strategies.
What is already known on this topic?
Comprehending the morphology of the lacrimal pathway is crucial for the success of probing in patients with CNLDO. However, studies that delve into the detailed analysis of the lacrimal pathway in pediatric CNLDO are limited.
What this study adds
This study reports the first attempt to measure anthropometric parameters of the lacrimal drainage system in patients with CNLDO using DCG images. Moreover, probing with straight probes was considered anatomically infeasible in 25.0% of cases in the included patients in this study.
How this study might affect research, practice, or policy
The results underscore significant variations in the morphology of the lacrimal drainage system among patients with CNLDO, potentially influencing both diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies. This includes considerations such as conducting an anatomical evaluation of the lacrimal pathway and making informed decisions in selecting probe forms before undertaking procedures.
Company performance under multiple ownership classes.
Authors: Alanazi Ahmed S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We develop a new method of ownership classification and examine the impact of various owners on firm performance. Prior research focuses mainly on managerial ownership and/or a few general classifications (block-holders vs. non-block-holders, institutional vs. non-institutional). No prior studies attempt to model all corporate owners together in one model. This study fills this gap. Our classification divides listed corporations into government, institutional, public, managerial, family, and foreign owners. Analyzing and comparing these companies yields several important findings. First, government and institutional firms perform the best, while public and managerial firms perform the worst. Second, the OLS and simultaneous system 2SLS estimates suggest that government and institutional ownership contribute positively to firm performance, while public ownership has a negative effect. Incorporating the potential endogeneity issue into the system suggests that the relationship is bidirectional, where the causality runs from ownership to performance and vice versa.
JEL: G14, G32, D23, L14
Anesthetic management of patient with large Atrial Septal defect for caesarean delivery in resource limited setting
Authors: Baboker Petros , Demissie Haile 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the common cardiac problems in adults most commonly in females. It complicates the management by increasing load on right heart chamber and pulmonary vasculatures. This leads to hypoxemia, hypercarbia, arrhythmias and congestive heart failure.
Case presentation: Here we report successful management of a 27-year- old prim gravida woman at 38 weeks of gestation diagnosed with large ASD with the defect of 16.2mm on Echocardiogram undergoes elective caesarean section. The procedure was done with low dose spinal anesthesia.
Conclusion: No complications were encountered during perioperative period. Spinal anesthesia is safe for patients with atrial septal defect undergoing caesarean delivery.
Predicting sepsis within 24 hours at triage stage in emergency department using machine learning
Authors: Xie Jingyuan , Zhang Ting , Gao Jiandong , Liu Yecheng , Chen Yutong , Yang Mutian , Liu Zetong , Mei Qimin , Li Zhimao , Zhu Huadong , Wu Ji 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Sepsis is one of the main causes of mortality in intensive care units. To reduce its damage, prediction should be made the earlier the better. As around 36% of sepsis onset took place within 24 hours after ED admission in MIMIC-IV (v2.2), a prediction system at ED triage stage would certainly be of help. Previous methods, such as qSOFA, are more suitable for screening instead of prediction in ED. And we aimed to find a light-weight, convenient prediction method through machine learning.
Methods
We utilized the open medical database MIMIC-IV (v2.2), to obtain sepsis patients’ corresponding data in the emergency department. We built our dataset with demographic data, vital signs and synthesized features. We used XGBoost as the classifier, to predict if the patient would develop sepsis within 24 hours after ED admission, and used SHAP to interpret the model’s outcome.
Results
For 10 fold cross validation on the 14,957 samples, we reached an accuracy of 84.1 ± 0.3%, and an area under the ROC curve of 0.92 ± 0.02. The model achieved similar performance on the testing set of 1,662 patients. SHAP values showed that the five most important features were acuity, arrival transportation, age, shock index, and respiratory rate.
Conclusions
Machine learning models like XGBoost can be used for sepsis forecast, using just a small amount of data conveniently collected in the ED triage stage. This can help reduce the workload in the ED, and warn medical workers against the risk of sepsis in advance.
Causal associations between human gut microbiota and osteomyelitis: a mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zeng WenXing , Wu YuHang , Cun DeJun , Ma Luyao , Zhang JingTao , Hang Feng , Jiang Ziwei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Recent studies have illuminated the potential association between gut microflora and osteomyelitis. Despite these advancements, the underlying causal relationship remains elusive.
Methods: In this research, we utilized the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis available from the MiBioGen consortium to date (n=13,266) and employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization study (TSMR) framework. We conducted a detailed investigation into the causal relationship between gut flora and osteomyelitis using inverse variance weighting, MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted modeling approaches. Additionally, Cochran's Q statistic was applied to measure the heterogeneity of the instrumental variable (IV).
Results：Our study demonstrated that an increased abundance of Bacilli, Bacteroidia, Bacteroidales, Butyricimonas, Coprococcus3, and Tyzzerella3 was positively associated with the risk of osteomyelitis, while Lachnospira was negatively associated. Sensitivity analyses revealed no evidence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy.
Conclusion：This study marks the first to provide suggestive evidence of beneficial or detrimental causal effects of gut microbiota on the risk of osteomyelitis through the application of MR methods. These insights may offer critical information regarding the pathogenesis of gut flora-mediated osteomyelitis and inform strategies for its prevention and treatment.
The burdens of low-value care in hysterectomy attributable to hospital ownership in China
Authors: Pan Jay , Luo Huijia , Lan Tianjiao , Coyte Peter , Ju Ke 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Scholarly attention has been dedicated to the identification of low-value care (care that is not expected to provide a net benefit). Despite a consensus on the importance of hospital characteristics in explaining the use of low-value care, the precise influence of hospital ownership, herein the distinction between public and private ownership, remains unclear. This study included 38,865 hospital discharge records with hysterectomy procedures in China from 2016 to 2020 to describe the effect of public and private hospital ownership on the provision of low-value care and estimate the attributable risk ratio and corresponding attributable burden. Private hospitals were more likely to provide low-value hysterectomies, with the average incremental effect of 33.7% (95% CI, 23.5–42.5%). Potential interventions in private hospitals could reduce this a maximum of 9.7% (95% eCI, 8.7–10.4%) of low-value hysterectomy cases, corresponding to 48,375 (95% eCI, 43,254, to 51,706) annual cases and 1.82 (95% eCI, 1.63 to 1.94) billion USD costs nationally. For the first time, we identified the potential intervention target and estimated the maximum effectiveness of interventions to eliminate excessive risk of low-value care.
Motor and Perceptual Tests of the Preferred Period Hypothesis: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Rioux Pier-Alexandre , Grondin Simon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The preferred period hypothesis posits a slowing down of motor and perceptual rhythmic preferences with age, both reflecting an increase in the common internal oscillation period. This study further investigates the preferred period hypothesis by enhancing the measurement of perceptual rhythmic preferences. Two tasks were used to measure perceptual rhythmic preferences, in addition to extending the latter to the visual modality. The study was conducted with three groups of children (5–6, 8–9, and 11–12 years old), and a group of young adults (21 to 30 years old) during the same time of the day. Correlational analyses show that the relationship between motor and perceptual rhythmic preferences strengthens between childhood and adulthood. Multilevel analyses reveal a general slowing down of motor and perceptual rhythmic preferences, contingent on the task and modality, with distinct trajectories for males and females. Our study indicate that the range of preferred rhythms narrows with age, becoming less variable in young adulthood, at the expense of a single and consistent, default rhythm. In brief, the preferred period appears only in young adults, with no support for the idea of a slowing down of an internal oscillation that would be reflected by both motor and perceptual rhythmic preferences.
MiRNA-29b modulates neuroinflammation by targeting T-bet in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis mice treated with vitamins A and D
Authors: Mohammadi-Kordkhayli Marziyeh , Mansouri Fatemeh , Saboor-Yaraghi Ali Akbar , Noorbakhsh Farshid 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective: Vitamins A and D are modulators of inflammatory responses, and their deficiency is associated with autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS). we investigated the correlation between treatment with vitamins A/D, differentiation of Th1 cells in EAE mice and the role of miR-29a/b.
Methods: EAE was induced in C57BL/6 mice. Animals were treated with vitamin A, D and A+D. We measured the expression of miRNAs and their target genes in the CNS and lymphocytes of treated mice by RT-PCR. Th1 cell Percentages was measured in splenocytes utilizing intracellular staining and flow cytometry. To examine the role of miRNAs in leukocyte differentiation and function, miR-29b mimic sequences were transfected into cultured purified CD4+ T cells which analyzed by flow cytometry.
Results: The expression levels of T-bet reduced and increased levels of miR-29a/b-3p in the spinal cords and splenocytes of vitamin A and D treated EAE mice compared with EAE mice. The percentage of Th1 cells decreased in splenocyte from mice treated with vitamins A and D. miR-29b mimic sequences suppressed Th1 production in CD4+ T cells.
Conclusion: A and D diminish neuroinflammation in EAE by increasing the expression of miR-29b-3p, which acts as an inhibitor of CD4+ T cell differentiation to IFN-γ-producing Th1 cells.
Unveiling antibiotic resistance, clonal diversity, and biofilm formation in E. coli for safer pork production
Authors: Silva Vanessa , Dapkevicius Maria de Lurdes Enes , Azevedo Mónica , Cordeiro Rui , Valentão Patricia , Falco Virgilio , Igrejas Gilberto , Caniça Manuela , Poeta Patricia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Escherichia coli, a commensal microorganism found in the gastrointestinal tract of human and animal hosts, plays a central role in agriculture and public health. Global demand for animal products has promoted an increase in pig farming, leading to growing concerns about the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains in swine populations. It should be noted that a significant portion of antibiotics deployed in swine management belong to the critically important antibiotics (CIA) class, which should be reserved for human therapeutic applications. This study aimed at characterizing the prevalence of antibiotic resistance, genetic diversity, and virulence characteristics of E. coli strains isolated in different pig farms in Portugal. Our study revealed high levels of antibiotic resistance, with resistance to tetracycline, ampicillin, tobramycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Multidrug resistance is widespread, with some strains showing resistance to seven different antibiotics. The ampC gene, responsible for broad-spectrum resistance to cephalosporins and ampicillin, was widespread, as were genes associated with resistance to sulfonamide and beta-lactam antibiotics. The presence of high-risk clones, such as ST10, ST101 and ST48 are a concern due to their increased virulence and multidrug resistance. Regarding biofilm formation, it was observed that biofilm-forming capacity varied significantly across different compartments within pig farming environments. In conclusion, our study highlights the urgent need for surveillance and implementation of antibiotic management measures in the swine sector. These measures are essential to protect public health, ensure animal welfare and support the swine industry in the face of the growing global demand for animal products.
Fractional abstract Boussinesq equations and applications
Authors: Shakhmurov Veli , Shahmurov Rishad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper the existence, uniqueness and regularity properties to solution of the Cauchy problem for the fractional abstract Boussinesq equation is obtained. First, we consider the linear Boussinesq equation and prove the existence, uniqueness and the regularity properties of solutions. It can be used to obtain the existence and uniqueness of the regular solution of corresponding nonlinear Boussinesq equation. By applying this result, the Cauchy problem for finite or infinite systems of Boussinesq equations is studied.
Association between muscle-fat ratio and sarcopenia in older adults with hypothyroidism
Authors: yang ruixia , pan youzhuo , lei haoyue , guo wenhui , wen ziying , yang fan , zhang qi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives To test the body composition To investigate the associationbetween body fat (BF%)，muscle-fat ratio and sarcopenia in older adults with hypothyroid。
Methods A total of 543 older adults with hypothyroidism were included in this cross-sectional study. Appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM), handhandgrip strength and gait speed were measured to diagnose sarcopenia according to the updated Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria. Body composition data were tested using a bioresistive antibody composition analyzer (model: Tsinghua Tongfang BCA-2A).Levels of serum Lipids and thyroid hormone were also determined.
Results The prevalence of sarcopeniain all participants was 25.51%, of which 18.58% were male and 31.54% females. The Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed that BF% was positively correlated with ASMI in both male and female patients (R=0.530, P=0.001; R=0.649, P=0.001), and positively correlated with handhandgrip strength in males and gait speed in females (R=0.230, P=0.014; R=0.242, P=0.005). Muscle-fat ratio was negatively correlated with ASMI in both sexes (R=-0.496, P=0.001; R=-0.291, P=0.001) and with handhandgrip strength in male patients (R=-0.327, P=0.001).After adjusting for all potential confounders, sarcopenia was positive associated with BF% (male, OR: 0.805, 95% CI: 0.726-0.894, P< 0.001; female, OR: 0.876, 95% CI: 0.811-0.946, P=0.004), and positive associated with body mass index (BMI) (male, OR: 0.678, 95% CI: 0.570-0.807, P<0.001; female, OR: 0.618, 95% CI: 0.484-0.790, P<0.001).But decreased muscle-fat ratio was a risk factor for sarcopenia(male, OR: 1.975, 95% CI: 1.412-2.763, P<0.001; female, OR: 2.330, 95% CI: 1.280-4.242, P=0.006).No significant differences were found in Lipids, thyroid hormone between older adults with hypothyroidism with and without sarcopenia.
Conclusion older adults with hypothyroidism have a higher risk of sarcopenia,lower BF% and BMI were linked to an increased risk of sarcopenia in older adults with hypothyroidism.suggesting the importance of assessing muscle fat ratio and BF% rather than BMI alone to manage sarcopenia.older adults with hypothyroidism should maintain BMI and BF%, timely detection of body composition and control of muscle fat ratio are important measures for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.
Cost-effectiveness of glass ionomer cements in Atraumatic Restorative Treatment
Authors: Silva Rênnis Oliveira da , de Araújo Elza Cristina Farias , Freire Luciana Leônia Soares , Braga Mariana Minatel , Cavalcanti Yuri Wanderley , de Lucena Edson Hilan Gomes 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
High-viscosity glass ionomer cements are the preferred materials for conducting restorations using Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART). However, there are more affordable alternatives available in the market that do not possess high viscosity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) for Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) in deciduous teeth.
Methods
The study conducted an economic analysis of the cost-effectiveness type. The cost of ART was determined using micro-costing techniques, and the survival rates after 1 year (effectiveness) were obtained from existing literature studies. Decision trees were constructed to compare the materials used in ART for both simple and composite cavities, considering the perspective of the local health manager. To estimate the cost-effectiveness of treating 1000 primary teeth, a Monte Carlo microsimulation was performed. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was used to indicate the additional cost required to increase effectiveness after 1 year. The analyses were conducted using TreeAge Pro software.
Results
Regarding ART in single cavities, Maxxion R (FGM) was found to have a lower cost (BRL 22,945.23), while Ketac Molar (3M ESPE) exhibited greater effectiveness (891.3 teeth). The alternatives FUJI IX (GC America, ICER = 3.12) and Ketac Molar (ICER = 5.27) were considered more cost-effective. For composite cavities, Ketac Molar (ICER = 3.65) was identified as the most cost-effective option.
Conclusion
The study revealed variations in both cost and effectiveness among different materials used in ART. Lower cost may indicate lower effectiveness.
Trajectory Optimization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in theElectromagnetic Environment
Authors: Atayev Anvarbek , Fliege Joerg , Zemkoho Alain 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We consider a type of routing problems common in defence and security, in which we control a fleetof unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that have to reach one or more target locations without beingdetected by an adversary. Detection can be carried out by a variety of sensors (radio receivers, cameras,personnel, etc) placed by the adversary around the target sites. We model the act of detecting a UAVfrom first principles by noting that sensors work by monitoring frequencies in the electromagneticspectrum for signals or noise emitted. By this, we are able to provide a flexible and versatile nonlinearoptimisation framework in which the problem is modeled as a novel trajectory optimisation problemwith paths of the UAVs as continuous arcs in an Euclidean space. The flexibility of our approach isexhibited by the fact that we can easily consider various relevant objectives, among them minimisingthe overall probability of detection and maximising the location error that the adversary experienceswhen trying to locate our UAVs. Our model is also versatile enough to consider the act of jamming, inwhich one or more of our UAVs intentionally send out signals to interfere with the operations of theadversary’s sensors. Numerical results show the flexibility of our framework, and that we can solverealistic instances of this problem type.
Implication of epithermal mineralization as proxy for geothermal energy potentiality in Puga, Ladakh UT, India
Authors: DUTTA ARCHISMAN 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The present study area, Puga, is located along the inflexion point of Indian and Asian plates comprising of zone of anatectic melting, where thermal activity is attributed to the extensive igneous activity during Upper Cretaceous to late Tertiary age. The area is characterized by geysers, past fumaroles, steaming grounds and mud pools with vast spread of sulfur, carbonates and borax deposits with surface temperature of hot springs of 84°C, which is the boiling point of water at ~ 4500 m above mean sea level. It is the only known geothermal system where rare alkali enrichment in thermal fluids follows the sequence: Cs > Li > Rb. Our study shows for the first-time evidence of lithium containing mica mineral, polylithionite, in the thermal spring deposits. The study also shows occurrence of epithermal minerals like jarosite, thenardite, alunite, tincalconite in the hot spring deposits with reservoir temperature estimated from multiple ion exchange geothermometers of ~250°C. Therefore, this study presents a state-of-art approach demonstrating that the presence of hydrothermal minerals within surface hot spring deposits can act as a promising indicator for identifying shallow high-temperature zones in the reservoir.