bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RESPONSE OF GROWTH AND YIELD OF POTATO PLANTS TO ADDITION OF BIOFERTILIZERS ,NILE FLOWER PEAT FERTILIZER AND SPRAYING WITH ITS EXTRACT
Authors: A. K. N. Al-Zaidi  , M. Z. K. Al-Mharib  
Published: February 2025

This study was aimed to demonstrate effect of adding some Bio-fertilizers,Nile flower peat fertilizer and spraying with its extract on growth and yield of potato, Tow field experiment at spring and fall season2022 was carried out Horticulture Development Station in the kut district of the Directorate of Agriculture ofWasit Governorate The experiment was implemented using factorial arrangement (4×3×2) within randomized complete block design with three replicates, The First factor included the addition of biofertilizers (M) ,which is M0-without adding , M1- added the Mycorrhizae in an amount of 25 g tuber-1 , M2- added the Trichoderma of 4 gtuber-1 and M3- added Mycorrhizae and Trichoderma fungi together, The second factor included the addition of Nile flower peat fertilizer (N), which is N0- without adding , N1- added 15 mg ha-1 and N2- added 30 mg ha-1 , the third factor included spraying with Nile flower peat fertilizer extract (E), spraying with distilled water(E0) and spraying with extract 2 ml L-1 (E1), The results of the statistical analysis showed the significant increase of biofertilizers in vegetative and yield characteristics as number of aerial stems, leaf area ,leaves chlorophyll content, number of tuber , total yield and percent of carbohydrates in the tubers compared with control (M0(, M3 treatment produced greatest value of this characteristics which reached4.911 ,4.714 stem plant-1, 183.0 ,167.1 dm2plant-1, 198.3,240.8 mg 100g-1, 10.56 , 6.977 tuber plant-1, 57.78, 43.95 Mgha-1 and 18.64 ,19.26%for spring and fall seasons respectively. Organic fertilizer showed significant increase in the above characteristics, N2treatmentproduced greatest value which reached 4.837 ,4.554 stem plant-1, 187.9 ,170.6 dm2plant-1 ,203.3, 244.3mg 100g-1, 11.01 , 7.229 tuber plant-1, 61.61 , 46.42 Mgha-1and 18.53 , 19.55%for spring and fall seasons respectively.
Countering Disinformation Concept for building social resilience
in times of cognitive warfare
Authors: Gergelewicz Tomasz 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesThe aim of this article is to answer the following question: Are there any particular areas that shall be taken into consideration when discussing the problem of cognitive warfare. The author presents the Countering Disinformation Concept, which indicated particular areas that may serve as a potential direction for building and developing social resilience in times of cognitive warfare.MethodsThe author analyzed researches that prove a low social awareness of disinformation and point the possible sources of false content. The author revised professional literature to examine what is the current state of practical solutions in the researched field. The conclusion from the analysis was a basis for proposing the Countering Disinformation Concept. The author uses also a case study of Russian hostile informative influence as evidence for destructive actions of global actors and possible harmful influence of information.ResultsThe result of the conducted research led to the conclusion that there is a lack of holistic, practical solutions in the field of building social resilience against disinformation. The proposed Countering Disinformation Concept is a comprehensive approach that shall be considered to build social resilience against hostile information operations in times of cognitive warfare.ConclusionsSocieties are not aware of hostile information influence that some actors strive to have. The awareness of disinformation processes is low as well as the level of practical solutions implemented in the information sphere. There is a serious need to build and develop social resilience against disinformation especially in the times of cognitive warfare spread by hostile global players.
Efecto Sensorial y Bromatológico del Proceso de Clarificado en el Vino de Mora (Rubus Glaucus), con Diferentes Sustancias Clarificantes
Authors: Torres Mejía Juan Alexander , Torres Mejía Fredy , Torres Joaquín María Fernanda 
Published: February 2025

Se realizó estudio de investigación científica denominado “Efecto sensorial y bromatológico del proceso de clarificado en el vino de mora (Rubus Glaucus), con diferentes sustancias clarificantes”, evaluación de los análisis sensorial con no expertos, muestra no probabilísticas, vino producido en la ciudad de Santa Rosa de Copán, Honduras, con el propósito de aportar un insumo científico y técnico que sirva como referencia a la industria de la bebidas fermentadas, de igual manera dar a conocer las características organolépticas, mediante ensayo científico con el tratamiento de 3 sustancias clarificantes y muestra control (CV – 01) con un porcentaje de alcohol de 15%, tratamiento con carbón activo (CA-01) con un porcentaje de alcohol 8%, tratamiento con clara de huevo (CD -01) con un porcentaje de alcohol 13% y tratamiento con gelatina (CE – 01) con un 16% de alcohol, entre los resultados más importantes, así mismos mediante el análisis de laboratorio elaborado por la FHIA “Fundación Hondureña de Investigación Agrícola”, se caracterizó las cualidades bromatológicas del vino de mora artesanal en su muestra control como aporte científico a las MiPymes dedicadas al proceso de transformación de frutas tropicales a productos terminados con vino o licor, misma información que sirve como etiqueta, ya que se determinó la composición nutricional del producto terminado, posteriormente se organizó un grupo focal con la participación de 10 estudiantes de la clase de tecnología de alimentos o panel de catación de no expertos, con el propósito de determinar las cualidades sensoriales, tanto en la muestra y tratamientos, cumpliendo con la norma FDA de alimentos y con los protocolos para consumo humano, así mismo se capacitó en temas sobre los parámetros a evaluar con la finalidad de que la evaluación se desarrollara de manera objetiva de acuerdo a la experiencia de los participantes.
Estado Actual de las Competencias Investigativas Prevalentes en Docentes del Nivel Primaria de Tacna, 2024
Authors: Choquegonza Quispe Balbina Dionicia , Acero Aycaya Edelmira , Choque Choquegonza Cinthia Isabel , Estrada Cereceda Samanda Maricielo 
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo científico sintetiza el trabajo de Investigación descriptiva denominado “Estado actual de las competencias investigativas prevalentes en docentes del Nivel Primaria de Tacna, 2024”, cuyo objetivo general se formuló en los siguientes términos: Describir la el estado actual de las competencias investigativas prevalentes en los docentes del Nivel Primaria de Tacna, periodo 2024. La metodología que se utilizó en el trabajo de investigación descriptiva fue de tipo observacional, puesto que no hubo variable independiente o insertar algún programa intencionado; y es prospectivo, porque los datos recogidos fueron a propósito del estudio; así mismo es transversal, porque se realizó una sola medición a la misma población; y descriptiva, porque el análisis estadístico fue univariado. El diseño fue observacional, no experimental. La población estuvo constituida por 100 docentes, distribuidos en zona urbana y periurbana al 50 % en cada área; la muestra es por conveniencia, es decir, por el acceso a algunas Instituciones educativas por tiempo extra y acceso a los mismos. La técnica empleada fue la Observación y el instrumento de recogida de datos la lista de Cotejo. Los resultados indican que el estado actual de las competencias investigativas prevalentes en los docentes de Educación Primaria de Tacna, 2024, son desconocidas en su mayoría. A su vez, las dimensiones de la competencia investigativa presentan disparidades significativas. La dimensión epistemológica tiene una media de 0,09, lo que sugiere que es la menos conocida por los docentes, mientras que la dimensión comunicativa muestra una media de 1,22, indicando un conocimiento más alto. Esta desigualdad puede llevar a una comprensión incompleta y sesgada de lo que implica ser competente en investigación.
Liderazgo Directivo y Gestión Educativa en una Institución Educativa Comunidad Nativa Nuevo Ahuaypa, Coronel Portillo, Ucayali
Authors: Maza Espinoza Lenin Tito , Campana Conch Abelardo Rodolfo 
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: La investigación tuvo como propósito: determinar la relación entre liderazgo directivo y la gestión educativa en una institución educativa nativa de Ucayali. Materiales y Método: Corresponde a un trabajo básico, nivel correlacional, se aplicaron cuestionarios a una muestra de 260 padres, la estadística fue procesado en el SPSS. Resultados: se halló Rho = 0,904 muy alto entre como lideran los directivos vinculados con la gestión educacional de acuerdo a la percepción de los padres de familia fue de nivel alto sobre, donde la mayoría mencionan estar conformes del manejo de la escuela sometida al presente estudio, corroborando la existencia de trabajo pertinente de los actores educativos. Conclusión: la investigación reportó que aún se requiere desarrollar el liderazgo que ejercen los directivos siendo de vital importancia para éxito de la oferta educativa debiendo capacitarse en forma continua y aplicar las competencias del manejo del liderazgo que aporte al cambio, por otro lado los participantes de acuerdo a las evidencias estadísticas en cuanto como percibieron referente como va la gestión educativa en la escuela sometida al estudio, de igual manera, manifiestan estar conformes al respecto, sin embargo aun existen opiniones que confirman que deben mejorar con la finalidad de generar aprendizajes significados en los educandos, por lo que es oportuno reflexionar que los actores educativos se formen continuamente con el propósito de elevar la calidad educativa en la región, de manera los educandos puedan desarrollar sus competencias acordes al contexto social y dando un valor agregado a sus productos que tienen y luego salir del atraso.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Literasi Numerasi Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Menggunakan Media Loose Part Di Raudhatul Athfal Al Barokah Kecamatan Garut Kota
Authors: Aliyah Siti , Nurajizah Nina 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya tingkat kemampuan literasi anak di indonesia berdasarkan hasil tes PISA 2023, bahwa masih ada 70 persen siswa Indonesia yang memiliki tingkat literasi di bawah standar minimum yang ditetapkan. Permasalahan serupa peneliti jumpai di RA Al Barokah yang tingkat kemampuan literasi numerasinya masih berada pada kategori rendah yaitu 25,46%. Peneliti mengupayakan peningkatan kemampuan literasi numerasi anak usia 5-6 tahun menggunakan media loose part. Tujuan daripada penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran peningkatan kemampuan literasi numerasi anak usia 5-6 tahun menggunakan media loose part di RA Al Barokah, dan untuk mendapatkan gambaran signifikansi media loose part sebagai salah satu media untuk membantu anak dalam memahami konsep aljabar, bilangan, geometri, pengukuran dan analisis data. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriftif analisis dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan menggunakan desain Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media loose part dalam meningkatkan kemampuan literasi numerasi anak usia 5-6 tahun di RA Al Barokah menunjukkan dampak yang signifikan, dilihat dari persentase keberhasilan yang mencapai 100% setelah diberikannya tindakan Siklus I, Siklus II, dan Siklus III, dimana pada setiap siklusnya terdiri dari 2 pertemuan.
Kata kunci : Anak Usia Dini, Literasi Numerasi, Media Loose Part
Pemahaman Literasi Digital Guru PAUD Di Sekolah Bukan Sekolah Penggerak (Studi Kasus Di TK Plus An-Naafi Garut)
Authors: Ulfah Fitria , Yusriyyah Fida Sayyidah 
Published: February 2025

Penggunaan media digital saat ini merupakan suatu kebutuhan dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan tidak terlepas aspek pendidikan, dimana Guru dituntut untuk memiliki pemahaman dan kemampuan memanfaatan media digital dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pemahaman literasi digital Guru PAUD di sekolah yang bukan menjadi bagian dari program sekolah penggerak. Kemampuan digital dan pemahaman mengenai literasi digital Guru PAUD saat ini sudah menjadi salah satu kompetensi yang harus dikuasai oleh Guru. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus, dimana hasil dari penelitian ini adalah gambaran nyata dari pemahaman literasi digital Guru PAUD yang bukan bagian dari program sekolah penggerak. Proses pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Grounded Theory. Subjek dari penelitian adalah Guru yang mengajar di TK Plus An-Naafi Garut. Kompetensi literasi digital Guru PAUD perlu untuk ditingkatkan agar dapat memanfaatkan media digital sebagai bahan ajar dengan baik dan optimal. Hasil penelitian dalam penelitian ini mengenai pemahaman literasi digital guru PAUD terindikasi baik. Hal itu dilihat dari Guru mampu mengakses informasi, menyeleksi informasi, memahami informasi, dan mendistribusikan informasi.
Kata kunci: Guru, Literasi Digital, Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Manajemen Risiko Pada Usaha Tempe Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Studi Kasus Home Industry Enur Jaya Di Kampung Sukarisi Desa Sukalaksana Kecamatan Banyuresmi
Authors: Sulthonuddin Bung Hijaj , Nafshi Gina Shihah 
Published: February 2025

Dalam menjalankan suatu bisnis pasti selalu dihadapkan kepada risiko yang mungkin akan tejadi. Seperti berbagai risiko yang terjadi di home industry tempe Enur Jaya. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk menerapkan manajemen risiko yang tepat untuk meminimalisir suatu kerugian. Sehingga munculah rumusan masalah: bagaimana penerapan manajemen risiko pada usaha tempe di home industry Enur Jaya? dan bagaimana perspektif hukum ekonomi syari’ah mengenai penerapan manajemen risiko pada usaha tempe di home industry Enur Jaya?. Adapun tujuan yang hendak dicapai dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan manajemen risiko pada usaha tempe di home industry Enur Jaya dan untuk menganalisis perspektif hukum ekonomi Syari’ah mengenai penerapan manajemen risiko pada usaha tempe di home industry Enur Jaya. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti yaitu penelitian lapangan (Field Research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian ini adalah manajemen risiko di home industry ini antara lain tidak ada target produksi, permintaan pasar juga pengelolaan tempe yang tidak habis terjual bertentangan dengan prinsip hukum ekonomi syari’ah. Maka diperlukan suatu manajemen risiko yang sesuai dengan syari’ah untuk meminimalisir kerugian yang mungkin akan terjadi. Mitigasi risiko yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan mengolah kembali tempe yang tidak habis terjual tersebut.
Kata Kunci: Manajemen Risiko; Usaha Tempe; Ekonomi Syari’ah;
I-band Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars. I. Exploring a New Standard Candle for the Extragalactic Distance Scale*
Authors: Madore Barry F. , Freedman Wendy L. , Hoyt Taylor , Jang In Sung , Lee Abigail J. , Owens Kayla A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the I-band color–magnitude diagrams of resolved nearby galaxies, the reddest asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars form a previously unremarked-upon, but nevertheless distinct and easily identified population of high-luminosity stars. Hereafter we refer to this population as being comprised of I-band AGB (IAGB) stars. Identifying these stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) and in NGC 4258 (for all three of which there are published geometric distances) we find that the marginalized luminosity functions are each well approximated by single-peaked Gaussians, having 1σ dispersions of ±0.22 mag, ±0.25 mag and ±0.24 mag, respectively. The zero points for the modal I-band absolute magnitudes of IAGB stars are found to be M

I
= −4.49 ± 0.003 mag (stat) in the LMC (4204 stars), M

I
= −4.67 ± 0.008 mag (stat), for the SMC sample (916 stars), and M

I
= −4.78 ± 0.030 mag (stat) for NGC 4258 (62 stars). A global average over these three independent calibrations of the IAGB zero-point (weighted inversely by squares of their systematic errors) gives 〈M

I
〉 = −4.65 ± 0.119 mag (stat) ± 0.025 (sys). In Paper II we will show the results of applying the IAGB Method to 92 galaxies additional galaxies resolved by Hubble Space Telescope, reaching out to distances just short of 10 Mpc.
ALMA Observations of Peculiar Embedded Icy Objects
Authors: Shimonishi Takashi , Onaka Takashi , Sakon Itsuki 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We report the results of molecular line observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) toward two peculiar icy objects, which were discovered serendipitously by infrared spectroscopic survey of the Galactic plane with the AKARI satellite. Previous infrared observations have reported that both objects show deep ice and dust absorption features that are often seen in embedded young stellar objects (YSOs) or background stars sitting behind dense clouds; however, they are located neither in known star-forming regions nor in known dense clouds. Their infrared spectral energy distributions (SEDs) show peaks around 5 μm, which are incompatible with existing SED models of typical embedded YSOs. The present ALMA observations have detected compact emission of CO(3–2) and SiO(8–7) at the positions of the icy objects. The observed large column ratios of gas-phase SiO/CO (∼10−3) in both objects, as well as their broad line widths (8–14 km s−1), imply that they are associated with shocked gas. Although a large dust extinction (A

V
∼ 100 mag) is expected from their deep dust/ice absorption, no dust continuum emission is detected, which would suggest a large beam dilution effect due to their compact source sizes. Their systemic velocities are clearly separated from the surrounding CO clouds, suggesting that they are isolated. The characteristics of their SEDs, the presence of deep ice/dust absorption features, compact source size, and SiO-dominated broad molecular line emission cannot easily be accounted for by any of known interstellar ice-absorption sources. They may represent a previously unknown type of isolated icy objects.
Effects of Martian Dust Storms on Ionospheric Peak Altitudes
Authors: Lou Yu , Zou Hong , Ye Yu Guang , Wang Jin Song 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The effects of Martian dust storms on the atmosphere and ionosphere is one of the hot topics in Mars research. This paper reports on the effects of a local dust storm on the ionospheric peak altitude based on electron density profile observations from the Mars Global Surveyor Radio Science experiment during a dust storm event in late 2004. By employing a profile fitting technique, we determined the peak altitudes of both the M1 and M2 layers. A statistical analysis of different dust storm phases was conducted in conjunction with changes in atmospheric dust opacity. The results indicate that during the phase of rapid increase in global opacity, the peak altitudes of the two layers are elevated differently. After the opacity reaches saturation, the peak altitudes start to decrease slowly, with distinct decreasing trends for each layer. This suggests that dust storms exert different effects across various altitudes within the Martian ionosphere and atmosphere, which require the introduction of new physical processes for explanation. The discussion of the relationship between opacity and peak altitude contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamics by which dust storms influence the Martian atmosphere and ionosphere, offering new insights for dust storm observation and future forecasting efforts.
GECKO Follow-up Observations of the Binary Neutron Star–Black Hole Merger Candidate S230518h
Authors: Paek Gregory S. H. , Im Myungshin , Jeong Mankeun , Chang Seo-Won , Hur Martin Moonkuk , Hong YoungPyo , Kim Sophia , Lee Jaewon , Lee Dongjin , Lee Seong-Heon , Jung Jae-Hun , Kim Joonho , Lee Hyung Mok , Lee Chung-Uk , Kim Seung-Lee 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The gravitational-wave (GW) event S230518h is a potential binary neutron star–black hole merger (NSBH) event that was detected during engineering run 15, which served as the commissioning period before the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA O4a observing run. Despite its low probability of producing detectable electromagnetic emissions, we performed extensive follow-up observations of this event using the Gravitational-wave Electromagnetic Counterpart Korean Observatories (GECKO) telescopes in the Southern Hemisphere. Our observations covered 61.7% of the 90% credible region, a 284 deg2 area accessible from the Southern Hemisphere, reaching a median limiting magnitude of R = 21.6 mag. In these images, we conducted a systematic search for an optical counterpart of this event by combining a convolutional-neural-network-based classifier and human verification. We identified 128 transient candidates, but no significant optical counterpart was found that could have caused the GW signal. Furthermore, we provide feasible kilonova properties that are consistent with the upper limits of the observations. Although no optical counterpart was found, our result demonstrates both GECKO’s efficient wide-field follow-up capabilities and usefulness for constraining properties of kilonovae from NSBH mergers at distances of ∼200 Mpc.
Optical Monitoring and Long-term Optical Spectral Variability of BL Lacertae Object S5 0716+714
Authors: Li Huai-Zhen , Guo Di-Fu , Qin Long-Hua , Liu Fen , Liu Hong-Tao , Yi Ting-Feng , Gao Quan-Gui , Huang Shi-Feng , Gao Xing , Chen Xu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present photometric observations of the BL Lacertae object S5 0716+714 with a temporal resolution of 120 s in the Sloan

i

′

and

r

′

bands. These observations were conducted using the Comet Search Program telescope at Xingming Observatory from 2018 December 22 to 2020 February 15, and more than 5600 effective images were obtained on each filter across 79 nights. Additionally, we compiled long-term variability data spanning 34 yr in the optical UBVRI bands. Using the power-enhanced F-test and nested ANOVA test, we found intraday variability (IDV) on 31 nights and possible IDV on 20 nights in the i′ band. Similarly, IDV was detected on 35 nights in the r′ band, while possible IDV was observed on 22 nights. The minimum variability timescale is 7.33 ± 0.74 minutes, and the estimated black hole masses are (0.68 ∼ 5.12) × 108
M
⊙. The spectral variability and long-term optical light curves reveal a bluer-when-brighter trend on intraday timescales. The long-term optical flux density and spectral index exhibit periodic variability with a timescale of about 1038 days. An anticorrelation between optical flux and spectral index was observed, with a time delay of −140 days. Variability across different optical bands exhibited a strong correlation, with no discernible time lag. From the IDV, spectral variability, correlation, and time delays between different bands, we conclude that these radiation characteristics may result from the shock-in-jet model scenario.