bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multidimensional Modelling of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells under a Current Density Boundary Condition
Authors: Meng H. , Wang C.‐Y. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractA three‐dimensional numerical model of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) is applied to study current distribution and cell performance under a current density boundary condition. Since the electronic resistance in the along‐channel direction in the current collector plate is much larger than in the other two directions, i.e., 50 mΩ cm2 vs. 0.5 mΩ cm2, it significantly affects current flow, and current and cell voltage distributions in a PEFC. An identical polarization curve results with two different boundary conditions, constant cell voltage and constant current density, however, the current density profiles in the along‐channel direction differ significantly; it is much flatter for the constant current boundary condition. Increasing the electronic conductivity of the bipolar plate diminishes the difference in the current density distribution under the two boundary conditions. The results also point out that an experimental validation of a PEFC model based on the polarization curve alone is insufficient, and that detailed current density distribution data in the along‐channel direction is essential.
Occupation, exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and laryngeal cancer risk
Authors: Becher Heiko , Ramroth Heribert , Ahrens Wolfgang , Risch Angela , Schmezer Peter , Dietz Andreas 
Published: April 2005

AbstractPrimary risk factors for laryngeal cancer are smoking and alcohol. The relevance of occupational exposures in the etiology of laryngeal cancer is not yet clarified. Some studies have suggested various occupational agents as additional causal risk factors. A population‐based case–control study 1:3 frequency matched by age and gender on laryngeal cancer was carried out in southwest Germany with 257 cases (236 males and 21 females between the ages of 37–80, histologically confirmed and diagnosed between January 5, 1998 and December 31, 2000) and 769 population controls (702 males, 67 females). Occupational exposures and other risk factors were obtained with face‐to‐face interviews using a detailed standardized questionnaire. The complete individual work history was assessed. A detailed assessment of work conditions was obtained by job‐specific questionnaires for selected jobs known to be associated with exposure to potential carcinogens. A specific substance list was used as second method for exposure assessment. Blood samples were taken from all individuals for genotype analysis. A strong effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure on laryngeal cancer risk after adjustment for smoking and alcohol (odds ratio [OR] = 5.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.6–17.1) was observed for concordant exposure classified with both methods, and a clear dose‐response (p < 0.01 for linear trend) for exposure duration. Our findings are supported by risks associated with occupational groups in which this exposure is a priori considered likely. A differential effect by glutathione‐S‐transferases‐M1 genotype was found, however, small numbers do not allow firm conclusions on effect modification. Our study contributes to classifying polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as a risk factor for laryngeal cancer. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anatomical alterations of the subthalamic nucleus in relation to age: A postmortem study
Authors: den Dunnen Wilfred F.A. , Staal Michiel J. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe subthalamic nucleus (STN) is currently the preferred target for chronic electrical high‐frequency stimulation in Parkinson's disease. Anatomical determination of the exact position of the STN in the individual patient, using magnetic resonance imaging, remains cumbersome, whereas calculation of the target using a stereotactic atlas bypasses patient interindividual variations in the exact delineation of the STN. The aim of this study was to demonstrate variations in shape and position of the STN during life. In this anatomopathological study, a method was applied to localize the STN in reference to the anterior commissure–posterior commissure line (AC–PC line) in 12 postmortem brains of patients who died of non‐neurological diseases. Their age varied from 29 to 84 years. Centers and borders of the STN were macroscopically measured in three spatial orthogonal planes in relation to the AC–PC line, and verified by light microscopy. The AC–PC distance remains almost constant during life (24.4 mm; SD 3.58). With increasing age, the center of the STN tends to move 3.9 mm cranially, 2.6 mm laterally, and 0.2 mm anteriorly. This last result also differs from the position mentioned in the stereotactic brain atlases. The form of the STN also changes. During life, the STN becomes wider in the mediolateral direction and smaller in the superior–inferior and anterior–posterior direction. The shape and spatial position of the STN also change during life. These changes should be taken into account during target determination in deep brain stimulation procedures in Parkinson's disease. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Rimantadine in Parkinson's disease patients experiencing peripheral adverse effects from amantadine: Report of a case series
Authors: Singer Carlos , Papapetropoulos Spiridon , Gonzalez Manuel A. , Roberts Eugene L. , Lieberman Abraham 
Published: April 2005

AbstractWe report our experience with 7 consecutive patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who received rimantadine (the α‐methyl derivative of amantadine) in substitution of amantadine due to peripheral side effects (lower limb edema, livedo reticularis). Mean age was 67.3 ± 5.9 years, the mean disease duration was 13 ± 6.3 years, and mean Hoehn and Yahr stage was 2.2 ± 0.4. A total of 3 patients experienced marked improvement of edema, and 1 patient experienced marked improvement of livedo reticularis. Only 1 of the 7 patients reported significant loss of motor benefit when amantadine was replaced with rimantadine. Our results demonstrate that rimantadine may be considered as an alternative to amantadine in patients experiencing amantadine‐induced peripheral side effects. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Time to task failure differs with load type when old adults perform a submaximal fatiguing contraction
Authors: Hunter Sandra K. , Rochette Ludovic , Critchlow Ashley , Enoka Roger M. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractYoung adults exhibit a longer time to task failure when performing a submaximal isometric contraction by pushing against a force transducer (force task) than when supporting an equivalent inertial load (position task). The purpose of this study was to compare the time to failure for old adults when they performed a force task and a position task with the elbow flexor muscles. Eighteen old adults (72 ± 4 years) performed the force and position tasks at 20% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force until task failure. The time to task failure was briefer for the position task (10.6 ± 6.1 min) than the force task (22.8 ± 9.1 min, P < 0.05). The rate of increase in electromyographic (EMG) bursting activity, ratings of perceived exertion, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and fluctuations in motor output during the fatiguing contraction were greater for the position task. However, the increase in averaged EMG for the elbow flexor muscles was greater at termination of the force task. The difference in time to failure for the two tasks was due to a higher level of central neural activity during the position task and was similar to that observed for young adults. These findings indicate that the type of load supported influences the mechanisms and time to task failure for sustained contractions in old adults, and have implications for the design of tasks for rehabilitation and for tasks that minimize fatigue. Muscle Nerve, 2005
Outsourcing warranty repairs: Dynamic allocation
Authors: Opp Michelle , Glazebrook Kevin , Kulkarni Vidyadhar G. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractIn this paper we consider the problem of minimizing the costs of outsourcing warranty repairs when failed items are dynamically routed to one of several service vendors. In our model, the manufacturer incurs a repair cost each time an item needs repair and also incurs a goodwill cost while an item is awaiting and undergoing repair. For a large manufacturer with annual warranty costs in the tens of millions of dollars, even a small relative cost reduction from the use of dynamic (rather than static) allocation may be practically significant. However, due to the size of the state space, the resulting dynamic programming problem is not exactly solvable in practice. Furthermore, standard routing heuristics, such as join‐the‐shortest‐queue, are simply not good enough to identify potential cost savings of any significance. We use two different approaches to develop effective, simply structured index policies for the dynamic allocation problem. The first uses dynamic programming policy improvement while the second deploys Whittle's proposal for restless bandits. The closed form indices concerned are new and the policies sufficiently close to optimal to provide cost savings over static allocation. All results of this paper are demonstrated using a simulation study. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005
Chemotherapy and attentional dysfunction in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Effect of treatment intensity
Authors: Buizer Annemieke I. , de Sonneville Leo M.J. , van den Heuvel–Eibrink Marry M. , Veerman Anjo J.P. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractBackgroundCentral nervous system (CNS) directed chemotherapy is replacing prophylactic cranial irradiation in treatment protocols for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), mainly to reduce long‐term neuropsychological sequelae. We evaluated the effects of chemotherapy on attentional function in survivors of ALL and examined whether possible deficits are related to treatment intensity.MethodsIn a multi‐center study, we compared attentional function in 36 children at least 1 year after finishing treatment with chemotherapy only for ALL, with a cancer control group consisting of 39 Wilms tumor patients and with 110 healthy children. We differentiated between standard‐ and intensified ALL treatment. The role of previously reported risk factors for neuropsychological deficits was also assessed.ResultsAfter chemotherapy, attentional deficits were detected in patients with ALL, but not in Wilms tumor patients. Children treated according to standard ALL protocols performed worse than healthy controls on only 1 of 10 outcome measures (P = 0.004), while those who had received intensified treatment performed worse on four outcome measures (0.0001 < P < 0.004). Higher treatment intensity, young age at diagnosis, and female gender were associated with worse performance.ConclusionsCNS‐directed chemotherapy, even in the absence of cranial irradiation, is associated with attentional dysfunction in survivors of childhood ALL, particularly in case of intensified treatment protocols. These sequelae stress the importance of reducing doses of neurotoxic chemotherapy as much as possible in the design of future treatment protocols for ALL. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Allogeneic graft‐versus‐hepatoblastoma effect
Authors: Inaba Hiroto , Handgretinger Rupert , Furman Wayne , Hale Gregory , Leung Wing 
Published: April 2005

AbstractAlthough the survival rate for pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma has improved, prognosis is still poor when the disease is unresectable and refractory to chemotherapy. Therefore, novel approaches are warranted. Herein, we describe a patient with recurrent metastatic hepatoblastoma who received a nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from an HLA‐matched unrelated donor. After withdrawal of immunosuppressant and establishment of full donor T‐cell engraftment, the tumor regressed and serum α‐fetoprotein level decreased in concurrence with the onset of graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD). Her disease recurred when GVHD resolved. This patient's clinical course provides evidence for the probable existence of allogeneic graft‐versus‐hepatoblastoma effect. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2006, 46:501–505. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Accepting the gap: An introduction to the special issue on bridging research and practice
Authors: Chafouleas Sandra M. , Riley‐Tillman T. Chris 
Published: April 2005

AbstractAlthough the gap between research and practice is certainly not a new challenge facing the field of education, it is a challenge that has yet to be successfully addressed from the perspective of both researchers and practitioners. Efforts to achieve greater harmony between the two settings can be described as slow and minimal. In this article, two of the barriers serving to widen the gap are reviewed. In addition, reasons to accept the gap between research and practice while also working to minimize a negative impact are outlined. Through the articles included within the issue, a message is reiterated regarding the importance of making better connections between the two, and suggestions are offered as to how such connections might be accomplished. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 455–458, 2005.
Reconceptualizing intervention integrity: A partnership‐based framework for linking research with practice
Authors: Power Thomas J. , Blom‐Hoffman Jessica , Clarke Angela T. , Riley‐Tillman T. Chris , Kelleher Constance , Manz Patricia H. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractPrevention and intervention research studies often fail to include an assessment of program integrity, and when they do, it is often examined in a limited way. Further, despite efforts to reform the intervention research process to include community stakeholders more actively in every phase of investigation, current practice generally employs a hierarchical model of integrity that fails to be responsive to community needs and priorities. In this article, we describe the traditional, hierarchical model of integrity and contrast this framework with a partnership model of treatment integrity. The limitations of the hierarchical model are illustrated through the description of two school‐based prevention programs. Core features of the partnership model and steps for implementing this framework in research and practice are described. Although the partnership model has limitations when conducting efficacy research in clinical trials, it has clear advantages over the hierarchical model in conducting effectiveness research and research that is directly linked with practice. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 495–507, 2005.
An agile behavioral model for monitoring the effects of stimulant medication in school settings
Authors: Volpe Robert J. , Heick Patrick F. , Guerasko‐Moore David 
Published: April 2005

AbstractStudents are increasingly being prescribed stimulant medication to treat the symptoms of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although several authors have advocated specific procedures for monitoring the effects of this medication in school settings, recent evidence suggests that these procedures are not being used adequately. In this article, we delineate the components of published medication evaluation procedures and discuss the barriers to their effective implementation in diverse settings. To address these barriers, we use a flexible model for school‐based medication evaluation, and we present a case example. In this model, an assessment of the acceptability and feasibility of evaluation components is integrated into a behavioral problem‐solving framework. We argue that to increase the quality of the evaluation of medication in children with ADHD, it is important to balance the internal validity of assessment procedures with their feasibility and acceptability. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 509–523, 2005.
Research into practice: Cattell‐Horn‐Carroll cognitive assessment in practice: Eligibility and program development issues
Authors: Fiorello Catherine A. , Primerano Diane 
Published: April 2005

AbstractIn this article we explore the application of Cattell‐Horn‐Carroll (CHC)‐based cognitive assessment to school psychology practice. We review the theoretical literature to address both identification practices, with a focus on learning disabilities and mental retardation eligibility, and program development, with a focus on linking assessment to intervention design. We present case studies that illustrate the application of CHC‐based cognitive assessment to identification and intervention development. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 525–536, 2005.
Bringing research into practice to intervene with young behaviorally challenging students in public school settings: Evaluation of the behavior consultation team (BCT) project
Authors: McDougal James L. , Nastasi Bonnie K. , Chafouleas Sandra M. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractIncreasingly, schools across the nation are encountering behaviorally challenging students entering primary grade classrooms. With this project, we sought to effectively intervene with such students within a public school setting using an empirically derived team approach adapted for use in an applied setting. The Behavioral Consultation Team (BCT) was developed utilizing the following components: (1) a prereferral intervention team approach, (2) behavioral consultation including functional behavioral assessment, (3) positive behavioral interventions, (4) frequent progress monitoring, and (5) a comprehensive method of program evaluation. Results indicated some resolution of the referral problem was achieved in 75% of the completed cases, and that successful and unsuccessful cases varied on elements related to acceptability and integrity. Further, qualitative data helped to inform program revision and identify important practical considerations in the provision of interventions for challenging students. Implications and future directions are discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 537–551, 2005.
Establishing and sustaining research‐based practices at Centennial School: A descriptive case study of systemic change
Authors: Miller David N. , George Michael P. , Fogt Julie B. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThere has recently been increased attention given to the widely perceived gap between research and practice in school psychology and education. The purpose of this article is to describe how Centennial School of Lehigh University, an alternative day school for students with emotional and behavioral disorders, was able to successfully implement and sustain research‐based practices. The use of such practices, in conjunction with organizational and systemic change, led to the significant reduction and eventually the virtual elimination of the use of and need for physical restraint and seclusionary time‐out in the school, as well as a substantial increase in students' prosocial behavior. Procedures for reducing the gap between research and practice at Centennial School are discussed, including the methods used by school personnel to facilitate systems change, successfully implement research‐based practices, and create a supportive organizational structure for sustaining effective practices. Possible roles for school psychologists in systems change efforts, potential barriers to the implementation of research‐based practices, and recommendations as to how these barriers may be overcome also are provided. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 553–567, 2005.
Organizational and individual factors in bringing research to practice: What we know, where we need to go
Authors: Forman Susan G. , Smallwood Diane L. , Nagle Richard J. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractIn this commentary, we examine the articles in this special issue in terms of a continuum of research to practice strategies currently used in school psychology. On one end of the continuum is the publish and hope approach, and at the other end is the change the organization to fit the innovation approach. We present the concept of innovation implementation as central to research to practice issues, and we review literature about organizational and individual factors that affect the success of innovation implementation. A new research‐to‐practice approach in which there is a dynamic, ongoing alliance between researchers and practitioners is suggested. Implications for researchers, practitioners, trainers, and professional organizations are described. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 569–576, 2005.
Reducing the gap between research and practice in school psychology
Authors: Kehle Thomas J. , Bray Melissa A. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractWe argue that the existence of the gap is perhaps a result of an overallegiance to the medical model and the lack of measurable criteria regarding the definition of an educated and psychologically healthy student. Further, an additional and equally daunting problem for school psychological practice is that it is influenced by general education that has scant evidence of accumulated scientifically based knowledge that demonstratively improves the education of children. The belief that educational practice continually increases in its effectiveness is simply not warranted. Consequently, educational practice is in constant reform and subjected to legal mandates that are most often equally ineffective and at times even detrimental. The intent of this paper is to suggest ways, within this broader milieu, to reduce the gap between science and practice. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 577–584, 2005.
Commentary: Center for promoting research to practice: Moving from findings to implementation
Authors: Shapiro Edward S. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractCenter for Promoting Research to Practice—Schools, Families, Communities (CPRP) at Lehigh University is described. The CPRP was designed to serve as an institutional commitment to the concept of moving empirically supported research into practice. Focused on students with or at risk for disabilities, the CPRP at Lehigh University engages faculty across disciplines and establishes partnerships with schools to provide a working laboratory for bringing research to practice. Links to the other articles in the mini‐series are included. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 585–591, 2005.
Evolution of internal friction and dielectric relaxation peaks in La2Mo2O9‐based oxide‐ion conductors assessed by a nonlinear peak‐fitting method
Authors: Fang Q. F. , Wang X. P. , Zhang G. G. , Cheng Z. J. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractIn this paper, a nonlinear peak‐fitting program is proposed based on the Bevington method, which would be helpful for the decomposition of relaxation peaks in the investigation of both internal friction and dielectric relaxation. Using this program, two severely overlapped relaxation peaks of internal friction and dielectric relaxation in pure and doped La2Mo2O9 oxide‐ion conductors have been successfully decomposed, and thus the peak height and peak position of both peaks exactly determined. From the fitting results the conclusion is reached that in pure La2Mo2O9 samples there are two relaxation internal friction peaks (P1 at lower temperature and P2 at higher temperature), but only one dielectric relaxation peak (Pd2). Another dielectric relaxation peak (Pd1) appears at lower temperature only in appropriately doped samples. With increasing doping content of Ca, K, and Bi, the activation energies of all peaks increase, and the height of the P2 peak decreases while that of the P1 peak increases. However, the peak heights of the Pd1 and Pd2 peaks increase at first and then decrease after passing through a maximum. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)