bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The importance of the Autostrain RV technique in the treatment of right ventricular myocardial alterations in patients with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy
Authors: Liang Yan , Song Yabo , Li Xinshi , Han Yingying , Dongye Hongfang , Zhao Can , Liu Hongqiang , Zhang Yue , Li Jinqiu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
To research the value of Autostrain right ventricular(RV) technology in detecting and preventing right ventricular myocardial injury in patients undergoing breast cancer chemotherapy by providing an imaging basis for early identification.
METHODS
To examine the changes in various cardiac function parameters before and after chemotherapy, two-dimensional echocardiography was employed 48 h before chemotherapy, 48 h after the fourth cycle of chemotherapy, and 48 h after the eighth cycle of chemotherapy, respectively. The patients included those with breast cancer who underwent surgery and were primarily administered anthracycline-based chemotherapeutic drugs.
RESULTS
(1) Compared with the pre-chemotherapy period, the absolute values of the right ventricular global longitudinal strain (RV4CSL) and right ventricular free-wall longitudinal strain (RVFWSL) decreased after the fourth chemotherapy cycle, and no significant differences were observed in tricuspidannular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), right ventricular Tei index, and right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF); (2) Compared with the pre-chemotherapy period, the absolute values of RV4CSL and RVFWSL decreased after the eighth chemotherapy cycle. TAPSE decreased, the right ventricular Tei index increased, and no significant difference was observed in RVEF; (3) Compared with the end of the fourth chemotherapy cycle, the absolute values of RV4CSL and RVFWSL decreased at the end of the eighth chemotherapy cycle. TAPSE, right ventricular Tei index, and RVEF were not significantly different. (4) Pearson correlation analysis revealed a correlation between RV4CSL, RVFWSL, right ventricular Tei index, TAPSE, and RVEF.
CONCLUSION
RV4CSL and RVFWSL are sensitive indices that reflect changes in the right ventricular myocardium in the early stages of chemotherapy. They can reflect the effects of anthracycline on the right ventricular myocardium of patients with breast cancer earlier than the TAPSE and right ventricular Tei indices. In contrast, RVEF exhibits no significant changes during the early stages of right ventricular myocardial injury. A relationship exists between RVFWSL, RV4CSL, right ventricular Tei index, TAPSE, RVEF, and anthracycline-induced alterations in the right ventricular myocardium.This study is helpful for early detection of right ventricular myocardial function injury caused by anthracyclines in breast cancer patients, and provides imaging basis for early clinical detection and prevention of right ventricular myocardial injury.
A Peripheral Blood Transcriptomic Biomarker Panel Identified by Multiple Machine Learning Algorithms Enables Early Diagnosis and Prognosis Prediction in Lung Cancer
Authors: Li Xiaohua , Li Xuebing , Qin Jiangyue , Lei Lei , Guo Hua , Zheng Xi , Wen Fuqiang , Chen Jun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Lung cancer is the leading cause of malignancy-associated mortality worldwide. Early-stage lung cancer often manifests without typical symptoms, frequently leading to late-stage diagnoses and grim prognoses. Therefore, the timely and precise identification of lung cancer in high-risk individuals is particularly significant. However, the development of machine learning-based models using peripheral blood-derived transcriptomic markers for early lung cancer detection remains unexplored.
Methods
Using a training cohort (GSE135304), we combined multiple machine learning algorithms to formulate the Lung Cancer Diagnostic Score (LCDS), utiliazing transcriptomic features within peripheral blood samples. To evaluate the LCDS model’s accuracy, we employed the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) in validation cohorts (GSE42834, GSE157086, and in-house dataset). Immune infiltration and pathway enrichment analyses were conducted to explore potential associations between the LCDS and lung cancer pathogenesis.
Results
Initial screening, based on univariable logistic regression in conjunction with ROC analysis, identified 844 genes. Subsequently, 87 genes, selected via Boruta features, were incorporated into 97 machine learning algorithms to construct the LCDS model. The highest accuracy was achieved using the random forest (RF) algorithm, incorporating expression of 87 genes, with a mean AUC value of 0.938. A lower LCDS was significantly associated with elevated immune scores, increased CD4 + T cells and CD8 + T cells. Furthermore, individuals within the higher LCDS group exhibited pronounced activation of hypoxia, PPAR, and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) signaling pathways, reduced DNA damage repair pathway scores.
Conclusions
An LCDS based on machine learning targeting transcriptomic features in peripheral blood was highly accurate in distinguishing lung cancer patients from healthy individuals. Additionally, individuals within the high LCDS group exhibited diminished antitumor immunity and augmented signaling pathway activity driving tumorigenesis and progression. The results of this study might facilitate the early lung cancer prediction and further promote precision treatment for lung cancer patients.
Hydroamination of alkenes with dinitrogen in a trititanium polyhydride framework
Authors: Shima Takanori , Zhuo Qingde , Zhou Xiaoxi , Wu Ping , Owada Ryota , Luo Gen , Hou Zhaomin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The direct use of abundant and easily accessible molecules such as dinitrogen (N2) and alkenes as feedstocks for the synthesis of alkyl amines1 is of great interest and importance but remains a challenge2,3,4. Typically, N2 functionalization requires electrophilic carbon sources to facilitate the C‒N bond formation. Here we report hydroamination of nonactivated alkenes with N2 at a trititanium hydride framework, which can serve as an excellent platform for the activation of both alkenes and N2 and lead to selective C‒N bond formation between these two substrates, efficiently affording the corresponding alkyl amines upon further hydrogenation and protonation. Computational studies reveal the mechanistic details of N2 activation and selective C‒N bond formation. This work demonstrates a new strategy for transformation of N2 and simple hydrocarbons into nitrogen-containing organic compounds mediated by multinuclear hydride frameworks.
A Cross-Sectional Study of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies among Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Taiwan: Implications for Protection against the Omicron Variants
Authors: chen changhua , Chao Day-Yu , Kor Chew-Teng , Kuo Su-Feng , Lin Jen-Shiou , Lai Huei-Wen , Liu Yen-Tze , Lin Ching-Hsiung , Chen Mu-Kuan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Taiwan, deeply impacted by the 2003 SARS outbreak, promptly implemented rigorous infection control and prevention (ICP) measures in January 2020 to combat the global COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional serologic study was conducted among healthcare workers (HCWs) in a tertiary care hospital in Taiwan from August 1, 2022, to January 1, 2023. The study aimed to assess HCWs' antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccination against Omicron subvariants BA.1, BA.4, and BA.5, considering variations in prior infection. Additionally, it evaluated the effectiveness of ICP and vaccination policies within the hospital setting in Taiwan.
Methods
A cross-sectional serology study was conducted in Taiwan to investigate the seroprevalence rates of Omicron subvariants BA.1, BA.4, and BA.5 among HCWs. A total of 777 HCWs participated in this study. A structured questionnaire was collected to obtain the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors for potential exposure. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect antibody responses. Serum samples were selected for protection against Omicron subvariants BA.1, BA.4, and BA.5 by using a pseudotyped-based neutralization assay.
Results
More than 99% of the participants had received SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Overall, 57.66% had been infected with SARS-CoV-2, with some being asymptomatic. The SARS-CoV-2 Anti-Spike S1 protein IgG (Anti-S) distribution was 40000 AU/mL for 20.2% (157/777) of participants, with a mean ± standard deviation of 23442 ± 22086. The decay curve for Anti-S was less than 20000 AU/ml after 120 days. The probability curve of 50% neutralization showed an Anti-S of 55000 AU/ml. The optimum Anti-S was 41328 AU/mL, with 86.1% sensitivity and 63.5% specificity.
Conclusions
In this significant study, 20.2% of HCWs achieved seroprotection against Omicron subvariants BA.1, BA.4, and BA.5. Their immunity against Omicron subvariants was further reinforced through recommended vaccinations and the development of natural immunity from SARS-CoV-2 exposure, collectively enhancing their protection against Omicron.
Personality and social rank in male bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis)
Authors: Rood Fabian , Henry Tanisha , Storkova Magdalena , Caulkett Nigel , Neuhaus Peter , Ruckstuhl Kathreen Eva 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The study explores the dynamics of group living and dominance hierarchies among male Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis). Group living in animals offers advantages like access to resources, yet also fosters competition, often leading to dominance hierarchies. These hierarchies influence resource distribution and aggression levels. This study investigates personality traits, including confidence and aggression, and their correlation with social rank within male bighorn sheep. Through standardized personality tests and observational data, we discerned links between personality and dominance. Age influenced behavior, with younger individuals standing up earlier when approached. More dominant individuals displayed greater confidence, resuming foraging sooner after a human approach. Furthermore, aggression levels correlated with social rank between ages 1 to 6 and then gradually declined with age, with higher-ranking sheep exhibiting fewer antagonistic interactions than middle-aged males. Notably, the study indicates that experimental approaches, in addition to traditional ratings, are viable for understanding personality-dominance associations. While some personality tests, such as novel object trials and reactivity assessments, didn't yield significant correlations, the research underscores the importance of tailoring tests to the species' ecological context. The findings contribute valuable insights into the intricate interplay between personality traits, dominance hierarchies, and social dynamics within male bighorn sheep groups. Understanding these relationships enhances comprehension of species’ behaviour and fitness implications.
The Acceptability of Exercise Prehabilitation: A Mixed Methods Evaluation
Authors: Smyth Emily , Brennan Louise , Enright Rachel , Sekhon Mandeep , Dickson Jane , Hussey Juliette , Guinan Emer 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Exercise prehabilitation aims to increase preoperative fitness, reduce post-operative complications, and improve health-related quality of life. For prehabilitation to work, access to an effective programme which is acceptable to stakeholders is vital. The aim was to explore acceptability of exercise prehabilitation before cancer surgery among key stakeholders specifically patients, family members and healthcare providers.
Methods
A mixed-methods approach (questionnaire and semi-structured interview) underpinned by the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability was utilised. Composite acceptability score, (summation of acceptability constructs and a single-item overall acceptability construct), and median of each construct was calculated. Correlation analysis between the single-item overall acceptability and each construct was completed. Qualitative data was analysed using deductive and inductive thematic analysis.
Results
244 participants completed the questionnaire and n = 31 completed interviews. Composite acceptability was comparable between groups (p = 0.466). Four constructs positively correlated with overall acceptability: affective attitude (r = 0.453), self-efficacy (r = 0.399), ethicality (r = 0.298) and intervention coherence (r = 0.281). Qualitative data confirmed positive feelings, citing psychological benefits including a sense of control. Participants felt flexible prehabilitation program would be suitable for everyone, identifying barriers and facilitators to reduce burden.
Conclusion
Exercise prehabilitation is highly acceptable to key stakeholders. Despite some burden, it is a worthwhile and effective intervention. Stakeholders understand its purpose, are confident in patients’ ability to participate, and regard it is an important intervention contributing to patients’ psychological and physical wellbeing.
Implications:
· Introduction should be comprehensively designed and clearly presented, providing appropriate information and opportunity for questions.
· Programmes should be patient-centred, designed to overcome barriers and address patients’ specific needs and goals.
· Service must be appropriately resourced with a clear referral-pathway.
Age-of-Information in Distributed Systems caused by Asynchronous Computing Modeled as Parallel Renewal Processes
Authors: Redder Adrian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We consider methods where processors from a distributed computing (DC) infrastructure compute updates for a set of parameters asynchronously. In such scenarios, the parameter updates can experience practically unbounded stochastic processing times caused by effects like queuing, processor sharing, priorities, preemption, or heavy-tailed traffic. As a result, processors will update parameters multiple times while one processor observes the parameters and calculates a new parameter update based on it. The resulting error between the current parameter and the older version used to calculate the parameter update is thus a function of a discrete information delay that we call Age-of-Information (AoI). To counter the errors caused by AoI, predict the performance of asynchronous algorithms, and effectively solve problems in machine learning and artificial intelligence, it is important to know AoI properties. To do this, we model the processing times in a DC system as parallel renewal processes. For this model, we derive the distribution and moment bounds for the discrete AoI affecting asynchronous algorithms executed on the DC system. We also derive exact expressions for the asymptotic mean and sharp bounds for the asymptotic variance.
Activation of ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis improve cognitive dysfunction induced by isoflurane in mice via oxidative stress
Authors: Zhou Qingyun , Xu Minhui , Liu Binwen , Han Xue , Ma Zhengliang , Xia Tianjiao , Gu Xiaoping 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Long-term inhalation anesthesia is considered to be one of the important causes of postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and our previous studies have confirmed that oxidative stress damage contribute to its mechanistic connection. The ACE2/Ang-(1–7)/Mas axis balances the classic RAS (rat sarcoma, Ras) axis in the body, playing an important role in oxidative stress. Our research focus on ACE2 (angiotensin converting enzyme 2, ACE2) to investigate the mechanism of ACE2/Ang-(1–7)/Mas axis involved in the development of long-term isoflurane anesthesia-induced cognitive impairment.
Methods
We categorized the mice into C + Veh, A + Veh, C + DIZE and A + DIZE groups. 3-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were exposure to long-term isoflurane to induce cognitive impairment. Mice were given DIZE intraperitoneally 10 days before anesthesia to intervene ACE2. Using Y-maze and fear conditioning test to assess cognitive function. Flow Cytometry were used to test the level of ROS. Western blot was used to determine the expression levels of ACE2 and Mas, as same as the cognitive proteins such as P-NR2B and BDNF.
Results
We constructed long-term isoflurane anesthesia-mediated cognitive dysfunction model successfully. After long-term isoflurane anesthesia, the level of ACE2 and Mas in the mouse hippocampus were decreased, accompanied by increased oxidative stress and significant cognitive impairment. After treatment with the ACE2 activator DIZE, the level of ACE2 and Mas were restored and the content of ROS was decreased effectively. More importantly, treatment with DIZE ameliorated cognition dysfunction induced by long-term isoflurane exposure.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that activate the ACE2/Ang-(1–7)/Mas axis can reduce oxidative stress and improve cognitive impairment. Therefore, ACE2/Ang-(1–7)/Mas axis may potentially play a prophylactic role in mitigating isoflurane-induced cognitive decline and other cognitive impairments associated with oxidative stress.
A 3D irrigation canal alignment optimization model for a steep-sloping area with rectangular inclined drops
Authors: Kazemi Mehdi , Tokaldany Ebrahim Amiri , Jha Manoj K , Rudra Ramesh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Determining the canal route alignment and placing Rectangular Inclined (RI) drops in terms of the number and the height of each RI is a complex activity due to various technical, economic, and hydraulic issues. Although extensive research has been conducted to design the optimal flow section parameters in a cost-effective manner, an intelligent optimization model that simultaneously evaluates different aspects of the design of an irrigation canal needs further investigation. This paper presents a three-dimensional irrigation canal optimization model for optimally aligning the canal route, place the RI drops, and simultaneously design the flow section parameters. The model has been developed by integrating relevant geospatial information with a particle swarm algorithm to select a real-world option with the least cost without violating executive and hydraulic constraints in the steep-sloping area. The model has been employed with two examples to examine its capability in real-world applications. The results show that the model can optimize canal alignment and RI drop placement in areas with different terrain complexities and slopes. It is also found that while the placement of RI drops is nearly identical to the experimentally stated standards in conventional methods, the solution is obtained in a reasonably shorter computational duration. Pre-cost-estimation tables for different variants of canal routes and RI drop sets along the path of the canal are obtained. The results are very useful for efficient planning and design of irrigation canals.
Assessing colostral and serum immunoglobulin G in alpacas using Brix refractometry and total serum protein
Authors: O’Neill Amber K. , Petzel Christopher E. , Connolly Joanne H. , Vaughan Jane L. , Rotne Randi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The adequate transfer of passive immunity is a critical factor in neonatal development and survivability. Although well documented in the dairy and equine industries, the recognition of inadequate immunoglobulin transfer on-farm and its impact on the ability of alpaca cria to thrive is largely unknown. Colostrum samples were collected from female alpaca within 24h of parturition by the owners and whole blood collected from cria by the investigators between 1 and 7 days of age. Direct IgG concentration of milk and serum was determined using radial immunodiffusion assay (RID) and was indirectly estimated using optical and digital Brix refractometry for total solids and clinical refractometry for total serum protein. There was a strong correlation between optical and digital Brix refractometry, and colostral IgG concentration determined by RID. There was a moderate correlation between serum IgG concentration determined by RID and total serum protein in crias. Optical and digital Brix refractometry for colostral IgG estimation and total serum protein for serum IgG estimation are reliable, accurate and easy-to-use tools that can be used on-farm by trained, competent technicians to assess a failure of passive transfer in alpacas. A pilot study at one property only was performed, due to COVID-19 travel restriction interference. Further research is required to determine the reference intervals for these tools to be practical.
Evaluation of the Physicochemical Properties of Different Imported Milk Brands Offered in Afghanistan Markets
Authors: Noori Mohammad Asif , Sarwary Nasir Ahmad , Farkhary Sayed Ibrahim 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Milk is an enriched food that is widely consumed by humans. It is the source of many nutrients like protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and some gases. The content of high-quality milk should match that of natural standards. In the current study, we evaluated the quality of imported milk brands (Everyday®, Chaika®, Qudrat®, Milk Pak®, and Pegah®) and local cow milks in the markets of Kabul, Afghanistan. For this purpose, we measured the levels of protein, fat, total solids, solids not fat, acidity, pH, and specific gravity of five imported milk brands and local cow milks. Our findings show that the level of protein in imported brands was significantly lower than the standard of cow milk (p < 0.01). Among imported brands the level of protein in Pegah® and Milk Pak® was higher than other brands and standard (p < 0.05). The level of fat in Chaika® and Qudrat® was higher than standard and other brands (p < 0.05), the level of total solid in Pegah® was lower than standard (p < 0.05) and the level of solid not fat in Chaika® and Qudrat® was lower than standard (p < 0.05). Our results show that local cow milk has a higher quality than imported milk brands, and among milk brands, Milk Pak® has a higher quality than other brands, almost the same as the composition of local cow milk when compared with the standard of cow milk.
Molecular mechanisms of Tangningtongluo Tablet in the treatment of diabetes based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics
Authors: Ren Ying , Hu Xiangka , Qi Mushuang , Zhu Wanjun , Li Jin , Yang Shuyu , Dai Chunmei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The autoimmune condition known as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is typified by the loss of islet β cells, which leads to hyperglycemia. Through the use of network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and molecular docking, the possible molecular mechanism of the Tangningtongluo Tablet (TNTL Tablet) of DM treatment was investigated in this study. Based on 6482 disease targets and the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacological (TCMSP), the databases determined 43 active components of the TNTL Tablet. Positive and negative control of apoptosis, enzyme and protein binding, and other biological processes were the main process of Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. The AGE-RAGE, IL-17, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways are implicated in diabetes complications, according to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) studies. Quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, baicalein, β-sitosterol, and stigmasterol were the main ingredients for the treatment of diabetes in the TNTL Tablet-Diabetes of the TCM-component-target-disease network map. MMP9, IGF2, and IFNG for DM are displayed as hub genes in the results of a machine learning method (cox LASSO regression and random forest), using the CIBERSORT algorithm to analyze the correlation of the immune response in DM patients. The molecular docking showed that the TNTL Tablet had strong main active components and hub genes binding activity. Anti-inflammation and inhibition of oxidative stress may be important pathways through which TNTL Tablet exerts its pharmacologic effects. the TNTL Tablet potential therapeutic targets and related molecular mechanisms of treatment diabetes are helpful in the management of DM patients.