bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying key factors controlling potential soil respiration in agricultural fields
Authors: Adhikari Kabindra , Anderson Kelsey R. , Smith Douglas R. , Owens Phillip R. , Moore Philip A. , Libohova Zamir 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSoil respiration is one of the main soil health indicators and is influenced by several factors in agricultural fields. Identifying key factors that control soil respiration is desirable for informed soil management decisions and for promoting and scaling up soil health. This study aimed to (i) quantify the relationships between potential soil respiration and selected soil properties, crops, and slope positions, and (ii) identify key factors controlling these relationships using a neural network model. Ninety soil samples from 0‐ to 5‐ and 5‐ to 20‐cm soil depth were collected from footslope, backslope, and summit in three fields planted with soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), and corn (Zea mays L.). The model provided great accuracy (coefficient of determination: 0.96; root‐mean square error: 7.8; and mean absolute deviation: 3.8) and explained nearly 96% of variations in soil respiration across soil depth, crop, and slope positions. Soil depth, ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4‐N), crop types, slope position, and silt content were identified as the top five factors influencing potential soil respiration at the field level. Potential soil respiration was more sensitive to potassium, phosphorus, pH, cation exchange capacity, and mean weight diameter and less sensitive to NH4‐N, nitrate nitrogen, soil organic matter, and clay content. It increased with pH, electrical conductivity, mean weight diameter, potential nitrogen mineralization, and potassium, and it decreased with increasing silt content. Soil from 0 to 5 cm under soybean or at the summit slope position exhibited a higher respiration. Using a small dataset, this pilot study accurately predicted potential soil respiration in agricultural fields and identified key drivers controlling it. The results from this study highlight the complexity of using potential soil respiration as a standalone test for evaluating soil health. This does not diminish the usefulness of potential soil respiration as a soil health indicator to support agricultural management decisions and as a reference in future soil health studies. However, it emphasizes the importance of considering multiple factors when interpreting the significance of soil biological indicators for soil health assessments.
Microbial community response to cover cropping varied with time after termination
Authors: Ogunleye Anuoluwapo , Thapa Vesh R. , Aryal Deb R. , Ghimire Rajan , Acosta‐Martinez Veronica 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study evaluates cover crop (CC) effects on microbial community structure in a winter wheat–sorghum–fallow rotation with pea, oat, and canola; mixtures of pea and oat; pea and canola; pea, oat, and canola; and six species mixture (SSM) of pea, oat, canola, hairy vetch, forage radish, and barley as CCs, and fallow as treatments. Soil microbial community structure was analyzed at CC termination (phase I), 36 days (phase II), and a year (phase III) after termination using an ester‐linked fatty acid methyl ester analysis. Total microbial biomass (TMB) under oats was significantly greater than under canola (by 47%) in phase I (p ≤ 0.05). The TMB was >48% under pea, pea + canola, and SSM, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was 70%–93% more under pea, canola, and their mixtures than fallow in phase II. While microbial abundance varied with CCs at and after 36 days post‐termination, these effects did not persist for a year. Long fallow period after cropping or cover cropping appears detrimental to microbial community proliferation.
Insights into the Early Size Effects of Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3
Authors: Amorín Harvey , Venet Michel , García José E. , Ochoa Diego A. , Ramos Pablo , López‐Sánchez Jesús , Rubio‐Zuazo Juan , Castro Alicia , Algueró Miguel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBa0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 (BCZT) stands out among lead‐free ferroelectric oxides under consideration to replace state‐of‐the‐art high‐sensitivity piezoelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O3, for a range of energy conversion ceramic technologies. However, the best performances have been reported for very coarse‐grained materials, and attempts to refine microstructure below 10 µm grain size consistently result in significant property degradation. Here a comprehensive study of the grain size effects on the properties of BCZT across the micron scale is reported, down to the verge of the submicron one. Results show a distinctive early evolution of properties for grain sizes between 1 and 5 µm. For the larger sizes in this range, an opposite effect is found for the piezoelectric charge coefficient and electric field‐induced strain with respect to the very coarse‐grained material, while very good overall performance is maintained. For the lower sizes, relaxor features appear, yet materials can still be poled indicating their ferroelectric nature. This strongly resembles size effects in the Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐PbTiO3 system, driven by the slowing down of the relaxor to ferroelectric transition with size reduction, though kinetics seem to slow down across much larger grain sizes for BCZT. Concomitant changes in the polymorphic phase coexistence are described and discussed by synchrotron X‐ray diffraction.
Impact of planting green on soil properties under irrigated no‐till soybean
Authors: Stephens Trey , Blanco‐Canqui Humberto , Knezevic Stevan , Rees Jennifer , Koehler‐Cole Katja , Jhala Amit J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPlanting green refers to the practice of planting a row crop into an actively growing cover crop (CC) and terminating it at or after row crop planting. Planting green could have more beneficial impacts on soil properties, erosion control, nutrient cycling, weed suppression, and other soil ecosystem services because it allows greater CC biomass accumulation than early‐terminated CC. The objectives of this 2‐year study were to evaluate the impact of planting green on soil properties (bulk density, wet aggregate stability, sorptivity, particulate organic matter, organic matter, nutrients, and others) and soybean (Glycine max L.) yield in an irrigated no‐till soybean system in south‐central Nebraska. Treatments were cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) CC terminated 2 weeks before planting (2WBP), CC terminated 2 weeks after planting (2WAP) soybean, and no CC. On average, CC produced 2.35 Mg ha−1 of biomass for 2WBP and 12.03 Mg ha−1 for 2WAP. Both 2WBP and 2WAP reduced N concentration by 48% (31.10 vs. 59.70 mg kg−1) but had no effect on other soil properties compared with no CC. Despite the abundant CC biomass production, terminating 2WAP had little to no effect on most soil properties in the short term (2 years). Wet aggregate stability increased as CC biomass production increased, while soil sorptivity (initial water infiltration) increased as wet aggregate stability increased. CC termination timing had inconsistent effects on soybean yield. In general, after 2 years, planting green had no effect on most soil properties or soybean yield, warranting long‐term studies on this topic.
Preparing the occupational safety and health workforce for future disruptions
Authors: Streit Jessica M. K. , Felknor Sarah A. , Edwards Nicole T. , Caruso David L. , Howard John 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite some emerging lessons learned from the COVID‐19 pandemic, evidence suggests the world remains largely underprepared for—and vulnerable to—similar threats in the future.MethodsIn 2022, researchers at the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) led a team of volunteers to explore how future disruptions, such as pandemics, might impact work and the practice of occupational safety and health (OSH). This qualitative inquiry was framed as a strategic foresight project and included a series of activities designed to help better understand, prepare for, and influence the future.ResultsFindings from a thorough search for indicators of change were synthesized into nine critical uncertainties and four plausible future scenarios. Analysis of these outputs elucidated three key challenges that may impact OSH research, policy, and practice during future disruptions: (1) data access, (2) direct‐to‐worker communications, and (3) mis‐ and dis‐information management.ConclusionsA robust strategic response is offered to address these challenges, and next steps are proposed to enhance OSH preparedness and institutionalize strategic foresight across the OSH community.
Association between military service and Alzheimer's disease neuropathology at autopsy
Authors: Powell W. Ryan , Vilen Leigha , Zuelsdorff Megan , Goutman Stephen A. , Salamat Shahriar , Rissman Robert A. , Bendlin Barbara B. , Kind Amy J. H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAnti‐amyloid therapies are at the forefront of efforts to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). Identifying amyloid risk factors may aid screening and intervention strategies. While veterans face increased exposure to risk factors, whether they face a greater neuropathologic amyloid burden is not well understood.METHODSMale decedents donating to two Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (ADRC) brain banks from 1986 to 2018 with categorized neuritic plaque density and neurofibrillary tangles (n = 597) were included. Using generalized ordered logistic regression we modeled each outcome's association with military history adjusting for age and death year.RESULTSHaving served in the military (60% of sample) is associated with post mortem neuritic amyloid plaque (for each comparison of higher to lower C scores OR = 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06–1.49) and tau pathology (B score OR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.08–1.12).DISCUSSIONThis is the first study, to our knowledge, finding increased levels of verified AD neuropathology in those with military service. Targeted veteran AD therapies is a pressing need.
Direct C−C Double Bond Cleavage of Alkenes Enabled by Highly Dispersed Cobalt Catalyst and Hydroxylamine
Authors: Xue Wenxuan , Jiang Yijie , Lu Hongcheng , You Bo , Wang Xu , Tang Conghui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe utilization of a single‐atom catalyst to break C−C bonds merges the merits of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis and presents an intriguing pathway for obtaining high‐value‐added products. Herein, a mild, selective, and sustainable oxidative cleavage of alkene to form oxime ether or nitrile was achieved by using atomically dispersed cobalt catalyst and hydroxylamine. Diversified substrate patterns, including symmetrical and unsymmetrical alkenes, di‐ and tri‐substituted alkenes, and late‐stage functionalization of complex alkenes were demonstrated. The reaction was successfully scaled up and demonstrated good performance in recycling experiments. The hot filtration test, catalyst poisoning and radical scavenger experiment, time kinetics, and studies on the reaction intermediate collectively pointed to a radical mechanism with cobalt/acid/O2 promoted C−C bond cleavage as the key step.
Thermoset polymers as host for optical limiting
Authors: Caillieaudeaux Jade , Muller Olivier , Guerchoux Morgane , Bruder Célia , Merlat Lionel , Schuller Anne‐Sophie , Delaite Christelle 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe human eye, sensors, and photoreceptors can be damaged if they are submitted to laser beams with high intensities and low divergence. In the military field, an optical sensor can be damaged by pulsed laser radiations when exposed beyond its capacities. In order to have a protection against such threats, passive optical limiting is used. A mix between a reactive oligomer and a monomer, with methacrylate functions, is studied in the present work giving a thermoset matrix. To prevent the monomer evaporation, which results in the formation of bubbles in the final material, related to the reaction exotherm, an oligomer and a monomer with a high boiling temperature are used as precursors, giving a good alternative to a thermoplastic matrix like polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). We report the experimental results of transient thermally induced optical nonlinearities (i.e., nonlinear refraction) in methacrylate‐based polymer filters at a nanosecond timescale, focus will be made to compare third order nonlinear refractive index from thermally induced refractive index. Optical filters are obtained by chemical bulk processes. In the present work, both thermoplastics and thermosets matrices were synthesized in order to characterize their optical limiting properties by mean of an appropriate custom‐made optical setup as well as their nonlinear refractive indices measured by the z‐scan technique. Optical measurements in the nonlinear regime are achieved at the wavelength of 1064 nm. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, such a work dealing on 3D‐network methacrylate‐based host has never been published.
MT1‐MMP and TIMP‐2 are first expressed in the colon glands after a single dose of azoxymethane (AOM)
Authors: da Silva Jéssica , Freitas Jaime Ribeiro , do Carmo Eliakin Roberto , Gomes Jose Rosa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐2 (TIMP‐2) and membrane‐type 1‐matrix metalloproteinase (MT1‐MMP) are always expressed during the cancer process. The aim was to identify which regions of the colon mucosa MT1‐MMP and TIMP‐2 begin to express themselves, as well as to establish their expression in relation to cell proliferation and mucin production. After intraperitoneal injection of 15 mg/kg of azoxymethane (AOM) at 4, 12, and 20 weeks, histological sections of the middle segment of the rat colon mucosa were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for cell proliferation and expression of MT1‐MMP and TIMP‐2 and histochemistry for mucin. As a result, a single dose of AOM initially increased the intensity of MT1‐MMP and TIMP‐2 expression in the conjunctive cells and glands, concurrently with alterations in the distribution of the mucin produced in the gland of the large intestine mucosa and cell proliferation. As a result, at 4 and 12 weeks, a single dose of AOM initially stimulated the expression of MT1‐MMP and TIMP‐2 in the conjunctive cells and glands with greater intensity. Changes in the cell proliferation and distribution of the mucin produced in the large intestine mucosa gland were observed. We conclude that MT1‐MMP and TIMP‐2 were first and strongly expressed in all cells of the colon glands, concurrently with an increase in cell proliferation and a diffuse dispersion of mucin, indicating the onset of the dysplasia process following a single dosage of AOM.
Benevolent and authoritarian: How paternalistic leadership promotes employee green behavior
Authors: Mi Lingyun , Wang Xuejiao , Xu Ting , Chen Hongwei , Han Jiali , Qiao Lijie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPromoting employee green behavior (EGB) through leadership is considered a crucial way to achieve corporate environmental sustainability goals. However, there is still a gap in understanding how paternalistic leadership with Eastern characteristics affects EGB. Drawing on the social exchange theory, this paper explores how the two different dimensions of paternalistic leadership, benevolent leadership and authoritarian leadership, affect employee green behavior, and examines the mediating role of psychological ownership. The study uses Mplus 8.3 to analyze 474 leader‐subordinate paired data. The results revealed three key findings: (1)There is a notable distinction between the benevolent and authoritarian dimensions of paternalistic leadership concerning their pathways and strengths on driving EGB. (2) Benevolent leadership directly promotes employee task‐related green behavior while influencing employee eco‐civic engagement behavior and eco‐helping behavior through psychological ownership. (3) Authoritarian leadership directly promotes employee task‐related green behavior, eco‐civic engagement behavior and eco‐helping behavior. Based on the above findings, this study offers practical guidance to corporate managers on effectively utilizing the benevolent‐authoritarian style of dual‐dexterous leadership to incentivize EGB conducive to corporate green transformation.
Removal of phenolic inhibitors from lignocellulose hydrolysates using laccases for the production of fuels and chemicals
Authors: Fernández‐Sandoval M. T. , García A. , Teymennet‐Ramírez K. V. , Arenas‐Olivares D. Y. , Martínez‐Morales F. , Trejo‐Hernández M. R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLignocellulose is the most abundant biopolymer in the biosphere. It is inexpensive and therefore considered an attractive feedstock to produce biofuels and other biochemicals. Thermochemical and/or enzymatic pretreatment is used to release fermentable monomeric sugars. However, a variety of inhibitory by‐products such as weak acids, furans, and phenolics that inhibit cell growth and fermentation are also released. Phenolic compounds are among the most toxic components in lignocellulosic hydrolysates and slurries derived from lignin decomposition, affecting overall fermentation processes and production yields and productivity. Ligninolytic enzymes have been shown to lower inhibitor concentrations in these hydrolysates, thereby enhancing their fermentability into valuable products. Among them, laccases, which are capable of oxidizing lignin and a variety of phenolic compounds in an environmentally benign manner, have been used for biomass delignification and detoxification of lignocellulose hydrolysates with promising results. This review discusses the state of the art of different enzymatic approaches to hydrolysate detoxification. In particular, laccases are used in separate or in situ detoxification steps, namely in free enzyme processes or immobilized by cell surface display technology to improve the efficiency of the fermentative process and consequently the production of second‐generation biofuels and bio‐based chemicals.
Supraordinate identity integration in childhood: Intergroup implications of ethno‐national and supraordinate identification in three divided societies
Authors: Nic Craith Isabelle , Corbett Bethany , Tomašić Humer Jasmina , Tomovska Misoska Ana , Maloku Edona , Dautel Jocelyn B. , Taylor Laura K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn overarching, supraordinate identity (e.g., European identity) can enhance intergroup relations if individuals recategorize ingroup and outgroup members into one, unified group. Yet, in conflict‐affected societies, ethno‐national identities may promote negative intergroup attitudes and behaviours. The effects of European and ethno‐national identities in combination have yet to be explored in childhood. If they can be integrated, the inclusivity of a supraordinate European identity may be felt despite the divisiveness of ethno‐national identities in post‐accord societies. This research assesses supraordinate identity integration in relation to quality intergroup contact and cross‐group friendships among the post‐accord generation in Croatia, Kosovo and Republic of North Macedonia (RNM). These sites have relatively recent conflicts, but varying relationships to the EU. Data were collected from 382 children aged 7–11, split evenly by minority and majority status (Croatia n = 90; Kosovo n = 107; RNM n = 185). Children across all three sites had integrated ethno‐national/European identities. Levels of identity integration varied by site, but not group status. Identity integration was positively and significantly associated with quality of outgroup contact and number of cross‐group friends, and this relationship varied by site. Integrated supraordinate identities have promising implications for intergroup relations and the future of peacebuilding in Europe. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Lycopodium Alkaloids from Phlegmariurus carinatus with Cytotoxic and Neuroprotective Effects
Authors: Wang Qiang , Zheng Dong‐Kun , Jiang Shu‐Ping , Li Jing , Xie Zhen , He Lu‐Hua , Liu Lin , Liu Yang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOne new fawcettimine‐type alkaloid, phlecarinadine A (1), and twelve known ones (2–13) were isolated from the whole plant of Phlegmariurus carinatus. Their chemical structures were unambiguously established by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic and high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR‐ESI‐MS). The absolute configuration of 1 was elucidated by the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) technique. These compounds were tested for their cytotoxic and neuroprotective activities. None of these compounds revealed cytotoxic activity against five tumor cells. Phlegmariurine B (2) exhibited potential neuroprotective effects against hemin‐induced HT22 cell damage, with a 17.76 % increase in cell survival at 10 μM. In further study, 2 can ameliorate hemin‐induced neuronal cell death via an anti‐apoptotic pathway. These findings suggest that 2 might be a valuable lead compound with neuroprotective activity.
The first Helicobacter pylori‐induced Guillain–Barré syndrome in Sudan
Authors: Ahmed Ayman , EL‐Sadig Sarah Misbah , Eltigani Hala Fathi , Bongomin Felix , Siddig Emmanuel Edwar 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessageThis case report highlights the role of Helicobacter pylori infection in the development of GBS. Healthcare providers should consider H. pylori in their differential diagnosis for patients with neurological syndromes.AstractWe report the first known case of Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) associated with Helicobacter pylori infection in Sudan. This case highlights the role of H. pylori infection in the development of GBS. It also emphasizes the importance of wide screening of different endemic infections for patients with neurological syndromes for early detection and improves the case management in resource‐limited settings like Sudan. Further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms of H. pylori‐inducing neurological disorders.
Can Telluric Acid Replace Chromate as a Homogeneous Catalyst in the Chlorate Process?
Authors: Sellin Annicka , Busch Michael , Wildlock Mats , Ahlberg Elisabet , Simic Nina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFinding an alternative to Cr(VI) as catalyst for the conversion of hypochlorite/hypochlorous acid to chlorate is of critical importance to render the industrial chlorate process safe and sustainable. Recently, telluric acid was identified as a potential replacement but its performance under industrial conditions and its interactions with other parts of the process are still unknown. These factors are elucidated by a combination of density functional theory (DFT) modeling and pilot plant studies. Our results indicate, that the addition of telluric acid indeed has a beneficial effect on the decomposition of HOCl to chlorate. The increased performance, shown as a decreased oxygen formation and an increase in anodic current efficiency. It is mostly related to a buffering effect and an increased selectivity for chlorate formation. Unfortunately, a low cathodic current efficiency was achieved due to reduction of telluric acid to solid Te/TeO2 particles in the electrolyte and at the cathode. Despite the benefits of buffering effects and increased selectivity for chlorate formation, telluric acid is unsuitable as replacement for Cr(VI) in the chlorate process due to lack of compatibility with all process conditions.