bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Action principle of Galilean relativistic Proca theory
Authors: Banerjee Rabin , Bhattacharya Soumya 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we discuss Galilean relativistic Proca theory in detail. We first provide a set of mapping relations, derived systematically, that connect the covariant and contravariant vectors in the Lorentz relativistic and Galilean relativistic formulations. Exploiting this map, we construct the two limits of Galilean relativistic Proca theory from usual Proca theory in the potential formalism for both contravariant and covariant vectors which are now distinct entities. An action formalism is thereby derived from which the field equations are obtained and their internal consistency is shown. Next we construct Noether currents and show their on-shell conservation. We introduce analogues of Maxwell’s electric and magnetic fields and recast the entire analysis in terms of these fields. Explicit invariance under Galilean transformations is shown for both electric/magnetic limits. We then move to discuss Stuckelberg embedded Proca model in the Galilean framework.
Abstract 118: Effects Of Aprocitentan, A Dual Endothelin Receptor Antagonist, On Blood Pressure In Black/African American Patients With Resistant Hypertension: Results From A Randomized, Controlled Study (PRECISION) Including A Withdrawal Phase
Authors: Flack John M , Schlaich Markus , Weber Michael , Bakris George , Lu Wentao , Sassi-Sayadi Mouna , Haskell Lloyd , Narkiewicz Krzysztof , Dreier Roland F , Wang Ji-Guang 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Resistant hypertension is prevalent among Black/African American drug-treated hypertensives and may increase cardiovascular risk. We evaluated aprocitentan (APRO) for BP lowering in Black patients with resistant hypertension.

Methods:
Patients had sitting unattended automated office systolic BP (SBP) ≥140 mmHg despite use of ≥3 antihypertensives of different classes in the year prior. After 4 weeks of combination therapy (amlodipine, valsartan, hydrochlorothiazide), those still hypertensive could enter a 4-week single-blind placebo (PBO) run-in period, followed by a 4-week double-blind period wherein patients were randomized 1:1:1 to APRO 12.5 mg, 25 mg, or PBO.

A 32-week single-blind period on APRO 25 mg followed. Patients were then re-randomized 1:1 to APRO 25 mg or PBO in a 12-week withdrawal period.
The primary endpoint was change from baseline to Week 4 in mean trough SBP. Changes in SBP from withdrawal baseline (Week 36) to Week 40 and in 24-hour, daytime (09:00-21:00), and nighttime (01:00-06:00) ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) measures at Weeks 4 and 40 were also assessed.

Results:
Eighty-two of 730 patients (11.2%) were Black (APRO 12.5 mg, n = 28; 25 mg, n&nbsp;= 28; PBO, n = 26).

At Week 4, APRO and PBO produced similar office SBP reductions (least squares mean difference from PBO, 12.5 mg: 0.63 mmHg; 25 mg: 0.12 mmHg). However, APRO produced pronounced reductions vs PBO in mean 24-hour (12.5 mg: –3.23 mmHg; 25 mg: –7.85 mmHg), daytime (12.5 mg: –6.16 mmHg; 25 mg: –9.13 mmHg), and nighttime (12.5 mg: –2.63 mmHg; 25 mg: –8.53 mmHg) ambulatory SBP.
Four weeks after withdrawal, office SBP increased with PBO vs APRO 25 mg (difference: +9.87 mmHg), which was confirmed with ambulatory SBP (difference, 25 mg; 24-hour: +8.13 mmHg, daytime: +3.39 mmHg, nighttime: +9.70 mmHg).
Safety in Black patients was comparable to the overall population, with no new signals. During the double-blind period, treatment-emergent adverse events were reported in 6/28 (21.4%), 9/29 (31.0%), and 4/25 (16.0%) patients with APRO 12.5 mg, APRO 25 mg, and PBO. Edema or fluid retention occurred in 3/29 patients (10.3%) on APRO 25 mg, and no patients on APRO 12.5 mg or PBO.

Conclusion:
APRO was well tolerated and produced clinically relevant reductions in SBP by ABPM in Black patients.
Outcomes and Lessons Learned from Implementing a Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Program at UCAR/NCAR
Authors: Pruitt Allison Scott , Brinkworth Cam , Luna Aponte Kristen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Atmospheric science is male dominated and few students of color matriculate into the field, a trend dating back at least 50 years. UCAR/NCAR Equity and Inclusion (referred to as UNEION), which has trained nearly 200 employees, is the institution’s flagship diversity program. UNEION is central to efforts to create a welcoming workplace, engaging participants with peer-led learning to gain knowledge on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) topics, and encouraging participants to implement these learnings through bystander intervention. Evaluation results show that UNEION 1) increases participants’ awareness of inequities, 2) encourages participants to feel responsible for DEI, and 3) teaches participants how to intervene in inappropriate situations.
Toward Rapid Balloon Experiments for Sudden Aerosol Injection in the Stratosphere (REAS) by Volcanic Eruptions and Wildfires
Authors: Dumelié N. , Vernier J.-P. , Berthet G. , Vernier H. , Renard J.-B. , Rastogi N. , Wienhold F. , Combaz D. , Angot M. , Burgalat J. , Parent F. , Chauvin N. , Albora G. , Dagaut P. , Benoit R. , Kovilakam M. , Crevoisier C. , Joly L. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Stratospheric aerosols are greatly influenced by medium-to-large volcanic eruptions. Over the last few years, extreme wildfires have been identified as new sources of stratospheric particles, in the form of carbonaceous aerosols injected by pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) events in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, associated with significant impacts on climate and ozone chemistry. To assess the impact of wildfires and volcanic eruptions on stratospheric aerosol loadings in the Northern Hemisphere, the Rapid Balloon Experiments for Sudden Aerosol Injection in the Stratosphere (REAS) project has been initiated. REAS is an international initiative that aims to respond to sudden events impacting stratospheric aerosol composition. Seventeen balloons were launched from Reims, eastern France, between November 2021 and January 2022 to quantify the atmospheric content for both aerosols and trace/greenhouse gases from the ground up to stratospheric levels. The main measurements concerned trace gases (CO/CO2 as tracers of smoke) and aerosol together with ozone using instruments such as a gas collector, optical particle counters, backscatter sondes, an aerosol sampler, an aerosol impactor, and ozonesondes. The Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique (GSMA) launch facility provided unique possibilities of combining multiple measurements in one flight thanks to medium flights (corresponding to a 6 kg payload). While no major event impacted the stratosphere during the campaign, we particularly discuss the influence of the aged volcanic plume from La Soufrière volcano (Saint Vincent island) and smoke particles from series of pyroCb events that took place in North America. The burden as well as the optical and microphysical properties of the observed aerosols are quantified from these in situ observations in association with various satellite data.
Evaluation of GPM DPR Rain Parameters with North Taiwan Disdrometers
Authors: Seela Balaji Kumar , Janapati Jayalakshmi , Lin Pay-Liam , Lan Chen-Hau , Huang Mu-Qun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Global precipitation demonstrates a substantial role in the hydrological cycle and offers tremendous implications in hydrometeorological studies. Advanced remote sensing instrumentations, such as the NASA Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR), can estimate precipitation and cloud properties and have a unique capability to estimate the raindrop size information globally at snapshots in time. The present study validates the Level-2 data products of the GPM DPR with the long-term measurements of seven north Taiwan Joss–Waldvogel disdrometers from 2014 to 2022. The precipitation and drop size distribution parameters like rainfall rate (R; mm h−1), radar reflectivity factor (dBZ), mass-weighted mean drop diameter (Dm; mm), and normalized intercept parameter (Nw; m−3 mm−1) of the GPM DPR are compared with the disdrometers. Four different comparison approaches (point match, 5-km average, 10-km average, and optimal method) are used for the validation; among these four, the optimal strategy provided reasonable agreement between the GPM DPR and the disdrometers. The GPM DPR revealed superior performance in estimating the rain parameters in stratiform precipitation than the convective precipitation. Irrespective of algorithm type (dual- or single-frequency algorithm), sensitivity analysis revealed superior agreement for the mass-weighted mean diameter and inferior agreement for the normalized intercept parameter.
Impact of a diabetes educator-led clinic on the control of type 1 diabetes among adults
Authors: AsSaigal Omer Abdullah , Al-Saigul Abdullah Mohammed , Almutairi Khalid MA 
Published: October 2023

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is on the rise globally. Patient education is a major cornerstone in diabetes management. Diabetes educators play a pivotal role in educating patients with diabetes mellitus. Objectives: To estimate the impact of a diabetes educator-led clinic on the control of T1DM among adults. This was measured through mean changes in HbA1c levels and alterations in perceived dietary and physical activity compliance among patients attending a Diabetes Centre in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: We enrolled 97 adult T1DM patients in a quasi-experimental study, conducted at a certified diabetes educator-led clinic. All patients were followed up for 6 months pre-intervention and for a minimum of 6 months post-intervention. Patients’ weight, self-monitoring of blood glucose, hypoglycaemic events frequency, HbA1c level and lipid profiles were routinely recorded. In addition, compliance with advice on dietary plan and physical activity recommendations was also assessed at the pre-intervention, baseline and post-intervention stages. Results: Post-intervention, participants reported better compliance with dietary and physical activity advice. Fewer hypoglycaemic events and higher self-monitoring of blood glucose frequencies were also noted. While there was no significant difference between pre-intervention and baseline mean HbA1c levels, mean baseline and post-intervention HbA1c levels showed a clinical and statistically significant difference of 1.01 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74–1.28). Mean low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride differences also showed small but significant changes. Conclusion: Attendance at a diabetes educator-led clinic had a positive and significant impact on the control of T1DM among adults. We recommend diabetes educator employment at outpatient clinics for adults with T1DM.
Pilot of an early intervention programme for low-risk persons who use drugs in the Philippines
Authors: Baloloy Jim Rey R , Hechanova Maria Regina , Co Trixia Anne C , Angeles Patrick Louis B 
Published: October 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to pilot and evaluate the feasibility of an early intervention programme for low-risk drug users in the Philippines. Design: The early intervention consists of three sessions delivered by paraprofessionals focusing on stress, wellbeing, substance use, family and drug use and communication skills. The study was conducted in two phases. In the pilot phase, a randomised controlled trial design was used. In the second phase, a larger field cohort evaluation study design was implemented. Setting: The randomised controlled trial in the first phase was undertaken in four local government units (LGUs). The second phase took place in 13 LGUs in three island clusters in the Philippines. Methods: In the first phase, 42 low-risk users from three urban and one rural community were randomly assigned to treatment and wait-control groups. In the second phase, 744 low-risk users undertook the programme. In both phases, the pretest and posttest measured recovery skills, life skills, quality of life, perceived family support, wellbeing and intent to use drugs. Results: In the first phase, analysis of variance with repeated measures revealed significant differences in pretest and posttest scores in recovery skills and quality of life of participants compared to those who did not participate in the programmes. In the second phase, paired-sample t-test revealed significant improvements in terms of recovery skills, life skills, quality of life, perceived family support, wellbeing and intent to use drugs. Path analysis provided support for the programme’s theory of change. Facilitators perceived the programme to be effective and easy to implement. Conclusions: The study suggests that an early intervention focusing on mental health and substance use delivered by paraprofessionals may be a viable means to reduce drug use and improve mental health in countries such as the Philippines that have little resources and scarce mental health professionals.
Collective Bargaining in Fissured Work Contexts: An Analysis of Core Challenges and Novel Experiments
Authors: Forsyth Anthony , Hardy Tess , McCrystal Shae 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFacilitating access to effective and meaningful collective bargaining is at the heart of the most recent set of reforms to the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) (‘FW Act’) enacted in the Fair Work Legislation Amendment (Secure Jobs, Better Pay) 2022 (Act). In the shadow of these reforms, this article explores who can engage in collective bargaining in Australia and under what conditions. While there are a range of issues impeding the effectiveness of the collective bargaining system under the FW Act, this article focuses on the question of bargaining access under both labour and competition laws and reveals some of the formidable challenges facing employed and non-employed workers alike. It examines how the rise in dependent contractors and the disaggregation of firms—through labour hire, subcontracting, franchising and/or digital platforms—has destabilised the binary conception of employment. The decline in formal employment and the growth of the ‘fissured workplace’ have not only perpetuated the problem of ‘wage theft’, they have altered the way in which wages are set in the first place. Moreover, these factors have exposed the tensions that lie between the regulation of mainstream labour markets through worker-orientated labour legislation and the regulation of product markets and business relationships under consumer-orientated competition legislation. The discussion explores the limitations created by the siloing of regulatory approaches to enabling collective bargaining for workers covered by different statutory regimes. We identify that in both labour and competition laws, meaningful access to collective bargaining in fissured work contexts has been frequently stifled by misplaced assumptions about the nature of the regulatory target and the power distribution in business networks. The article contends that a regulatory response to fissuring (or the problem of ‘the networked firm’) would straddle the labour/competition law divide in various ways, to ensure fissured workers are no longer excluded from exercising collective power by both legal domains.
Promoting Student Engagement in the Classroom
Authors: Bundick Matthew J. , Quaglia Russell J. , Corso Michael J. , Haywood Dawn E. 
Published: October 2023

Background/Context Much progress has been made toward a greater understanding of student engagement and its role in promoting a host of desirable outcomes, including academic outcomes such as higher achievement and reduced dropout, as well as various well-being and life outcomes. Nonetheless, disengagement in our schools is widespread. This may be due in part to a lack in the student engagement literature of a broad conceptual framework for understanding how students are engaged at the classroom level, and the ways in which teachers may play an active role in promoting student engagement. Purpose The present work seeks to summarize and synthesize the literature on student engagement, providing both a greater appreciation of its importance as well as a context for how it might be better understood at the classroom level. It considers how the primary elements of the classroom environment— the student, the teacher, and the content— interact to affect engagement, and proposes a conceptual framework (based on a previously established model of classroom instruction and learning) for understanding how student engagement may be promoted in the classroom. Research Design This study combines a review of the extant research on the structure and correlates of student engagement, with elements of an analytic essay addressing how selected literature on motivation and classroom instruction may be brought to bear on the understanding and promotion of student engagement in the classroom. Conclusions/Recommendations This article offers a variety of research-based practical suggestions for how the proposed conceptual model— which focuses on student-teacher relationships, the relevance of the content to the students, and teachers’ pedagogical and curricular competence— might be applied in classroom settings.
Scripted Curriculum: What Movies Teach about Dis/ability and Black Males
Authors: Agosto Vonzell 
Published: October 2023

Background/Context Tropes of dis/ability in the movies and master-narratives of Black males in education and society are typically treated in isolation. Furthermore, education research on Hollywood movies has typically focused on portrayals of schools, principals, and teachers even though education professionals are exposed to a broader range of movies. Analyses of dis/ability tropes in the media also tend to ignore how they work in multiples and intersect with narratives of other social identities such as race and gender. Focus of Study This article examines the complexity of portrayals of Black (dis/abled) males that are scripted through dis/ability tropes and master-narratives of race and gender. Trends in these portrayals are juxtaposed with literature on how Black, (dis/abled) male students are treated in schools and society. Research Design Critical media analysis is combined with the social model perspective of dis/ability to explore the lessons that movies provide audiences about Black (dis/abled) males. This analysis of several movies produced from 1990 to 2012 is informed by critical perspectives from critical dis/ability studies (CDS), critical race studies in education (CRSE), and curriculum studies and scholarship on education, social science, and popular culture. Data Collection and Analysis Data are drawn from major motion pictures produced and distributed nationally in the U.S. (1990-2012) that feature Black male actors in leading or major supporting roles characterized as having a physical dis/ability, impairment (restricted use of major limb or sensory organ), or a debilitating condition according to the Internet Movie Database. Data from media outlets and documents (movie scripts) support the analysis. CDS and CRSE, namely critical race theory (CRT), provide the theoretical framework. Findings/Results The narratives of Black (dis/abled) males in movies are more complex than typically described. Rather than operating singularly, dis/ability tropes interpenetrate and intersect with master-narratives of race and gender to portray Black (dis/abled) males through a narrative of intersectional threat coded in themes of marginalization, dysfunction, and miscegenation. The findings are further nuanced through a discussion of the constructs of presence through absence, embodied patriotism, and racialized space in order to illustrate how Black (dis/abled) males’ treatment in the movies echoes in how they are treated in schools and society. Conclusions/Recommendations Through an intersectional lens of critique directed toward all forms of cultural texts, educators can resist the normative conceptions that can orient their praxis in schools and society. Attention to how stereotypical narratives in film and education leave out a range of experience among Black (dis/abled) males can generate counter-spaces for a broader range of narratives.
The financial costs of anticipatory prescribing: A retrospective observational study of prescribed, administered and wasted medications using community clinical records
Authors: Morgan Lloyd , Barclay Stephen , Pollock Kristian , Massou Efthalia , Bowers Ben 
Published: October 2023

Background: The prescribing of injectable end-of-life anticipatory medications ahead of possible need is recommended best practice. The financial costs of these medications have been little studied. Aim: To identify the costs of anticipatory medications prescribed, used and not used for patients approaching the end-of-life at home and in residential care. Design: Retrospective observational study using general practitioner and community nursing clinical records. Setting/participants: Data were collected from eleven general practitioner practices using the records of the 30 most recent deaths per practice. Patients were aged 18+ and died between 2017 and 2019 from any cause except trauma, sudden death or suicide. Results: Anticipatory medications were prescribed to 167/329 patients, of which 164 were included in the analysis. Costs (GBP) were analysed both at patient-level and drug-level. Median anticipatory prescription cost was £43.17 (IQR: £38.98–£60.47, range £8.76–£229.82). Median administered (used) drug cost was £2.16 (IQR: £0.00–£12.09, range £0.00–£83.14). Median unused (wasted) drug cost was £41.47 (IQR: £29.15–£54.33, range £0.00–£195.36). Prescription, administered and unused costs were significantly higher for the 59 patients prescribed an anticipatory syringe driver. There were wide variations in the unused costs of individual drugs; Haloperidol and Cyclizine contributed 49% of total unused costs. Conclusion: The costs of prescribed and unused anticipatory medications were higher than previously reported but remain modest. Usage of prescriptions was lower than previously documented. There may be scope to reduce the quantity of vials that are routinely prescribed without adversely affecting care; further research is needed to investigate this possibility.