bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavioural and Psychological Functioning of Children and Adults with Sagittal Synostosis
Authors: Osborn Amanda J. , Roberts Rachel M. , Dorstyn Diana S. , Grave Ben G. , David David J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractResearch examining the behavioural and psychological functioning of children and adults with sagittal synostosis (SS) is scarce, often disparate, and lacks well-matched control groups. Clinicians are therefore often unable to provide families with guidance about their child’s anticipated functioning. Social media channels were used to recruit community-based parents of children with SS, or adults with SS (n = 56) and an age- and sex-matched control group (n = 56). Families completed an online survey encompassing a range of demographic and clinical variables and a comprehensive battery of validated questionnaires. Surveys were either parent-rated (children 2 to < 5 years), both parent-rated and self-reported (children 5 to ≤ 18 years), or self-reported only (adults ≥ 19 years). Results show that for both unadjusted and adjusted (SES) analyses, children and adults were functioning at a similar level to their peers. Whilst mean parent-rated scores generally indicated that children with SS were experiencing slightly more difficulties, group differences were not statistically significant. Most adjusted Hedges’ g effect sizes were trivial (g = .10) to small (g = .20). Nonetheless, more children with SS were assessed as having clinically significant problems on each composite of the Behavior Assessment System for Children 3rd Ed. In addition, screening rates of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (18%; Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function 2) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (15%; Social Responsiveness Scale-2), in children with SS, were high. Findings suggest that children with SS should be monitored and referrals for appropriate support made readily available, as required.
Advances on Axial Coordination Design of Single-Atom Catalysts for Energy Electrocatalysis: A Review
Authors: Zhang Linjie , Jin Na , Yang Yibing , Miao Xiao-Yong , Wang Hua , Luo Jun , Han Lili 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSingle-atom catalysts (SACs) have garnered increasingly growing attention in renewable energy scenarios, especially in electrocatalysis due to their unique high efficiency of atom utilization and flexible electronic structure adjustability. The intensive efforts towards the rational design and synthesis of SACs with versatile local configurations have significantly accelerated the development of efficient and sustainable electrocatalysts for a wide range of electrochemical applications. As an emergent coordination avenue, intentionally breaking the planar symmetry of SACs by adding ligands in the axial direction of metal single atoms offers a novel approach for the tuning of both geometric and electronic structures, thereby enhancing electrocatalytic performance at active sites. In this review, we briefly outline the burgeoning research topic of axially coordinated SACs and provide a comprehensive summary of the recent advances in their synthetic strategies and electrocatalytic applications. Besides, the challenges and outlooks in this research field have also been emphasized. The present review provides an in-depth and comprehensive understanding of the axial coordination design of SACs, which could bring new perspectives and solutions for fine regulation of the electronic structures of SACs catering to high-performing energy electrocatalysis.
Antimicrobial property, corrosion resistance and tarnish resistance of cold-sprayed additive manufactured copper-nickel alloy
Authors: Tran Thi Thuy Tien , Krishnan Kannoorpatti 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe management of infectious diseases has posed a significant challenge in recent years, drawing the attention of scientific communities. Copper is renowned for its robust antimicrobial properties; however, it is susceptible to tarnishing. In contrast, copper-nickel alloy demonstrates not only commendable mechanical strength and corrosion resistance but also exceptional antimicrobial efficacy. A suitable copper-nickel alloy was synthesised using cold spray additive manufacturing, blending copper and nickel powders. The resultant as-printed coupons underwent heat treatment at varying temperatures to ensure alloy formation, porosity reduction, and property enhancement. Both corrosion properties and hardness were investigated across different selected heat treatment conditions. The specimens exhibiting the highest corrosion resistance and hardness were selected for antibacterial and tarnish resistance testing. Stainless Steel 316 was employed in the antibacterial evaluation as a negative control for comparison. Notably, a fair well distribution of copper and nickel was observed within the as-printed product. The optimal heat treatment condition for the copper-nickel alloy was determined to be 1030 °C followed by air cooling, as it exhibited superior material properties compared to alternative heat treatment conditions. An assessment of antimicrobial performance underscored the alloy’s effectiveness in rapidly eradicating bacteria. Additionally, the highest strength samples underwent a tarnish resistance study, revealing elevated tarnish resistance. The nature of material performance in response to the heat-treatment process and antibacterial performance are discussed.
Character Shifts in Harry Potter Fanfiction
Authors: Brottrager Judith , Doat Joël , Häußler Julian , Weitin Thomas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn fanfictions, authors can explore the fictitious universe of a fandom without restricting themselves to its canonical rules and orders. These explorations are often linked to diverging character conceptualizations based on readers’ response to omissions and indeterminacies in the source material. Following a three part structure, we examine these character shifts in German Harry Potter fanfictions by (1) comparing basic frequency distributions of character names, (2) analyzing character co-occurrences in order to identify central character pairings as well as collocations surrounding these characters, and (3) using a word embedding-based approach to sentiment analysis to quantify the emotional charging of characters. We identified certain character types predestined for re-conceptualization, such as minor characters or figures from pre- or sequels who generate interest among fanfiction writers, as well as villainous characters whose redesign follows typical fanfiction tropes such as »Enemies to Lovers«.
SAPT: a synchrotron-based proton therapy facility in Shanghai
Authors: Zhang Man-Zhou , Li De-Ming , Shen Li-Ren , Zhang Hai-Rong , Chen Zhi-Ling , Du Han-Wen , Gu Ming , Li Rui , Liu De-Kang , Pu Yue-Hu , Yu Jun-Feng , Chen Jian-Feng , Chen Chu , Guo Chun-Long , Guo Hao , Jiang Ge-Yang , Jiang Zhi-Qiang , Jin Lin , Li Wen-Jing , Li Xiu-Fang , Lin Ye , Liu Ming , Liu Yong-Hao , Liu Ya-Juan , Lv Ming , Mi Qing-Ru , Ouyang Lian-Hua , Shi Wei-Guo , Shu Hang , Tang Qi-Sheng , Wang Kun , Wang Zhi-Shan , Wu Jun , Wu Xiao-Bing , Xu Jia-Qiang , Xu Wen-Zhen , Yin Chong-Xian , Yu Cheng , Yuan Ren-Xian , Yuan Qi-Bing , Zhang Hai-Qun , Zhang Miao , Zhang Wen-Zhi , Zhao Li-Ying , Zhou Wei-Min , Fang Shou-Xian , Sun Xi-Dong , Zhao Zhen-Tang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBecause of its excellent dose distribution, proton therapy is becoming increasingly popular in the medical application of cancer treatment. A synchrotron-based proton therapy facility was designed and constructed in Shanghai. The synchrotron, beam delivery system, and other technical systems were commissioned and reached their expected performances. After a clinical trial of 47 patients was finished, the proton therapy facility obtained a registration certificate from the National Medical Products Administration. The characteristics of the accelerator and treatment systems are described in this article.
3D Electrospinning of Al2O3/ZrO2 fibrous aerogels for multipurpose thermal insulation
Authors: Dong Shiling , Maciejewska Barbara , Millar Robert , Grobert Nicole 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCeramic aerogels are excellent ultralight-weight thermal insulators yet impractical due to their tendency towards structural degradation at elevated temperatures, under mechanical disturbances, or in humid environments. Here, we present flexible and durable alumina/zirconia fibrous aerogels (AZFA) fabricated using 3D sol–gel electrospinning — a technique enabling in situ formation of 3D fiber assemblies with significantly reduced time consumption and low processing cost compared to most existing methods. Our AZFAs exhibit ultralow density (> 3.4 mg cm−3), low thermal conductivity (> 21.6 mW m−1 K−1), excellent fire resistance, while remaining mechanically elastic and flexible at 1300 °C, and thermally stable at 1500 °C. We investigate the underlying structure-thermal conductivity relationships, demonstrating that the macroscopic fiber arrangement dictates the solid-phase thermal conduction, and the mesopores in the fiber effectively trap air thereby decreasing the gas conduction. We show experimentally and theoretically that directional heat transport, i.e., anisotropic thermal conductivity, can be achieved through compressing the fiber network. We further solve the moisture sensitivity problem of common fibrous aerogels through fluorination coating. The resulting material possesses excellent hydrophobicity and self-cleaning properties, which can provide reliable thermal insulation under various conditions, including but not limited to high-temperature conditions in vehicles and aircraft, humid conditions in buildings, and underwater environments for oil pipelines.
Graphical Abstract
Indigenous Foodways as Persistence in the Alta California Mission System
Authors: Noe Sarah J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article investigates Indigenous persistence within Mission Santa Clara de Asís in central California through the analysis of animal food remains. The Spanish colonial mission system within Alta California had a profound social and ecological impact on Indigenous peoples, altering traditional subsistence strategies and foodway patterns. Past research has highlighted the continued use of precolonial foods within the Alta California mission system alongside the daily consumption of colonial-style beef stews. This article expands on that literature to consider how Indigenous and colonial residents differentially acquired ingredients and prepared daily meals within the Alta California colonial mission system. This assessment demonstrates a sharp divergence between Indigenous and colonists’ daily diet, manifested in the continued use of wild food resources by Indigenous people as well as the maintenance of precolonial culinary practices in the preparation of cattle meat for daily stews. These findings complicate our understanding of foodways within the Spanish mission system and expand our understanding of Indigenous autonomy within conditions of colonialism.
Challenges in catalyzing and sustaining research in translational science
Authors: Kim Mimi , Marantz Paul , Suadicani Sylvia , Milman Sofiya , Keller Marla J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Advancing the new field of translational science and developing innovative solutions to overcome translational roadblocks are key priorities of the Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) Program of the National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS). However, interpreting this emerging concept of “translational science” (TS) as a field of inquiry distinct from “translational research” (TR) and developing real-world investigations in TS can be challenging. The goal of this paper is to share the obstacles the Einstein-Montefiore CTSA hub has faced in generating institutional interest and research in TS and to present potential strategies for addressing them. The aim is to stimulate dialog within the wider CTSA community and beyond about the need to systematically examine how TS should be efficiently and effectively pursued, that is, the science of translational science. The collective sharing of experiences and innovative approaches to overcoming TS challenges that arise at CTSA hubs is critical if the field is to grow and gain wider recognition and acceptance by the scientific and broader communities.
An update and ecological perspective on certain sentinel helminth endoparasites within the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Palomba Marialetizia , Marchiori Erica , Tedesco Perla , Fioravanti Marialetizia , Marcer Federica , Gustinelli Andrea , Aco-Alburqueque Renato , Belli Beatrice , Canestrelli Daniele , Santoro Mario , Cipriani Paolo , Mattiucci Simonetta 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Mediterranean Sea is recognized as a marine biodiversity hotspot. This enclosed basin is facing several anthropogenic-driven threats, such as seawater warming, pollution, overfishing, bycatch, intense maritime transport and invasion by alien species. The present review focuses on the diversity and ecology of specific marine trophically transmitted helminth endoparasites (TTHs) of the Mediterranean ecosystems, aiming to elucidate their potential effectiveness as ‘sentinels’ of anthropogenic disturbances in the marine environment. The chosen TTHs comprise cestodes and nematodes sharing complex life cycles, involving organisms from coastal and marine mid/upper-trophic levels as definitive hosts. Anthropogenic disturbances directly impacting the free-living stages of the parasites and their host population demographies can significantly alter the distribution, infection levels and intraspecific genetic variability of these TTHs. Estimating these parameters in TTHs can provide valuable information to assess the stability of marine trophic food webs. Changes in the distribution of particular TTHs species can also serve as indicators of sea temperature variations in the Mediterranean Sea, as well as the bioaccumulation of pollutants. The contribution of the chosen TTHs to monitor anthropogenic-driven changes in the Mediterranean Sea, using their measurable attributes at both spatial and temporal scales, is proposed.
Would a Viable Consent App Create Headaches for Consequentialists?
Authors: Woodcock Scott 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGreater public awareness of the occurrence of sexual assault has led to the creation of mobile phone apps designed to facilitate consent between sexual partners. These apps exhibit serious practical shortcomings in realistic contexts; however, in this paper I consider the hypothetical case in which these practical shortcomings are absent. The prospect of this viable consent app creates an interesting challenge for consequentialism – one that is comparable to the objection that the theory justifies killing innocent persons to prevent large numbers of less serious harms like experiencing brief, painful headaches. I outline and reject the most straightforward way for consequentialists to address this challenge, and I argue that the empirical calculations at stake reveal something rarely appreciated: consequentialists ought to sometimes favour reinforcing deontological constraints in common-sense morality rather than seeking to undermine them.
Optogenetic control of neural activity: The biophysics of microbial rhodopsins in neuroscience
Authors: Piatkevich Kiryl D. , Boyden Edward S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Optogenetics, the use of microbial rhodopsins to make the electrical activity of targeted neurons controllable by light, has swept through neuroscience, enabling thousands of scientists to study how specific neuron types contribute to behaviors and pathologies, and how they might serve as novel therapeutic targets. By activating a set of neurons, one can probe what functions they can initiate or sustain, and by silencing a set of neurons, one can probe the functions they are necessary for. We here review the biophysics of these molecules, asking why they became so useful in neuroscience for the study of brain circuitry. We review the history of the field, including early thinking, early experiments, applications of optogenetics, pre-optogenetics targeted neural control tools, and the history of discovering and characterizing microbial rhodopsins. We then review the biophysical attributes of rhodopsins that make them so useful to neuroscience – their classes and structure, their photocycles, their photocurrent magnitudes and kinetics, their action spectra, and their ion selectivity. Our hope is to convey to the reader how specific biophysical properties of these molecules made them especially useful to neuroscientists for a difficult problem – the control of high-speed electrical activity, with great precision and ease, in the brain.
From Neoliberal Dreams to Precarity: Micro-Entrepreneurs and Family Debt in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Satybaldieva Elmira , Sanghera Balihar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article argues that precarity partly arises from the growth of household debt in the age of rentier capitalism. It examines the mechanisms of neoliberal finance and its debt-based economic growth model in shaping precarious work and life in Kyrgyzstan. The unequal social relationship between lenders and borrowers generates considerable economic dispossession, appropriation, precarity, and harm. For debt-ridden micro-entrepreneurs, some of the pressures and consequences of debt are acutely felt within their family context, where members struggle to negotiate and ameliorate the impact. By drawing on three case studies of a small farmer, a bakery owner, and a petty trader turned petty producer, the article examines how usurious interest loans plunged them and their families into distress, insecurity, fear, loss, and powerlessness. The first-person accounts of these micro-entrepreneurs-cum-borrowers explain how debt was produced and experienced, and how it was inseparable from the country's rentier capitalist transformation. The study also draws on twenty-nine semi-structured interviews with financial institutions and thirty-three semi-structured interviews with borrowers conducted in Kyrgyzstan.
Controlling Bazaar, Fighting Precarity, and Producing the Nation
Authors: Kudaibergen Diana T. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article focuses on production cycles of traditional embroidery making (yaka) in Turkmenistan. In Turkmenistan, yaka is a key element in the national dress for women's everyday wear and since the process of the embroidery making is often handmade, the distribution of yaka and the networks of producing and dealing this essential apparel offer a rich ethnographic context. The article focuses on the study of resellers and dealers who control the market flow and the precarious labor of those women who produce this highly valued handmade product in villages and households and then resell them at the major bazaar hubs in the central cities. At each stage, there is a quality, price and “tradition” control—whether the product adheres to the constructed but widely shared idea of the “national dress.” These relations are also imbued with logics of the gendered economy of respect for work and mutual help given the precarious circumstances of each individual yaka-maker. Yaka-making is seen by many women as a way out of financial crises, but it becomes a cycle of precarity based on the trends, demands, and forms of the formal dress requirement in the state institutions to which female clients have to adhere to when choosing the product. What influences the market flows in trends, supply, and everyday profit? How do women regulate the market from within despite the growing precarity? Studying these internal power relations will help us reveal how cultural and social control stems from the precisely political and male domination and how the rules of the game in that field are guided by completely different gendered and labor principles on the ground.
Designing Competition Clauses in Preferential Trade Agreements
Authors: Wang Zhiyuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCompetition policy is one important aspect of trade liberalization. However, when examining preferential trade agreements (PTAs), a major type of policy tools to liberalize trade, competition provisions are revealed not to be uniformly distributed across these treaties. What explains the variation in the design of competition clauses in PTAs? Borrowing insights from the rational design of international institutions and combining them with those from treaty ratification and policy diffusion literatures, I identify five major causal mechanisms through which competition provisions are incorporated into PTAs. In evaluating them, I employ a range of operationalization techniques to capture the proposed mechanisms. A treaty-level analysis of 319 PTAs over the period 1960–2015 lends strong and robust support to most of the hypothesized relationships. By integrating theoretical frameworks across international political economy literatures with that from law and economics scholarship, this study demonstrates the utility of political science thinking to the real-world international law-making.
Design and analysis of an energy selective rasorber
Authors: Yan Kun , Wang Yi , Min Xiaofan , Tang Lei , Xia Yu , Li You 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBy combining the technique of energy selective surface and frequency selective rasorber, an energy selective rasorber is proposed, which performs selective energy protection in the low communication frequency band (0.8–2 GHz) and wave-absorbing property in the high-frequency band (6–18 GHz). The design consists of two layers, of which the bottom one contains a lumped diode structure for energy selection function in the transmission band, while together with the top layer, they perform a wideband wave absorbing function. The simulated and measured results agree well with each other, and both show good absorption in 6–18 GHz and energy-selective property around 1.86 GHz. That is, when the incident power changes from −30 to 14 dBm, the reflection coefficient changes from below −22 dB to above −2 dB, while the transmission coefficient changes from above −3 dB to below −17 dB.
Building strong health and career trajectories through translational research
Authors: O’Leary M. Elizabeth , White Marina , Nihouarn Sigurdardottir Julie , Scott Hailey , Jaramillo-Ospina Angela Marcela , Bake Shameena , Connor Kristin L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTranslational research (TR) is the movement of fundamental scientific discoveries into healthcare settings and population health policy, and parallels the goals of DOHaD research. Unfortunately, there is little guidance on how to become a translational researcher. To understand the opinions of DOHaD trainees towards TR, we conducted a workshop at the DOHaD World Congress 2022. We found that trainees were enthusiastic for their work to have translational impact, and that they feel that holistic, multidisciplinary solutions may lead to more generalisable research. However, there lacks support for TR career pathways, which may stall the execution of the long-term vision of the DOHaD agenda. We put forward recommendations for trainees to clarify their purpose in pursuing TR and for seeking relevant people and patronages to support their training paths. For mentors, training institutions, and scientific societies, we recommend developing TR-specific programmes, and implementing training opportunities, networking events, and funding to support these endeavours.