bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and associated factors, based on HIV serostatus, in young people in Sofala province, Mozambique
Authors: Benoni Roberto , Casigliani Virginia , Zin Annachiara , Giannini Dara , Ronzoni Niccolò , Di Chiara Costanza , Chhaganlal Kajal , Donà Daniele , Merolle Ada , Dos Anjos Helga Guambe , Chenene Fernando , Tognon Francesca , Putoto Giovanni , Giaquinto Carlo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
In Sofala province (Mozambique), young people living with HIV (YPLHIV) are estimated at 7% among people aged 15–24 years. Even though the COVID-19 pandemic threatened HIV health services, data on the impact of COVID-19 on YPLHIV people are lacking. This study aimed at exploring the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and associated factors among young people based on their HIV status.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted, including people aged 18–24 attending a visit at one of the adolescent-friendly health services in Sofala province between October and November 2022. People vaccinated against SARS-COV-2 or YPLHIV with WHO stage III-IV were excluded. A SARS-CoV-2 antibodies qualitative test and a questionnaire investigating socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were proposed. SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was calculated with Clopper-Pearson method. The odds ratio (OR) of a positive SARS-CoV-2 antibodies test was estimated through multivariable binomial logistic regression.

Results
In total, 540 young people including 65.8% women and 16.7% YPLHIV participated in the survey.. The mean age was 20.2 years (SD 2.0). Almost all the sample (96.1%) reported adopting at least one preventive measure for COVID-19. The weighted seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the whole sample was 46.8% (95%CI 42.6–51.2) and 35.9% (95%CI 25.3–47.5) in YPLHIV. The adjusted OR of testing positive at the SARS-CoV-2 antibodies test was higher in students compared to workers (aOR:2.02[0.95CI 1.01–4.21]) and in those with symptoms (aOR:1.52[0.95CI 1.01–2.30]). There were no differences based on HIV status(aOR:0.663[95%CI 0.406–1.069]). Overall, COVID-19 symptoms were reported by 68 (28.2%) people with a positive serological SARS-CoV-2 test and by 7 (21.7%) YPLHIV (p = 0.527). No one required hospitalization.

Conclusions
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 46.8% without differences in risk of infection or clinical presentation based on HIV status. This result may be influenced by the exclusion of YPLHIV with advanced disease. The higher risk among students suggests the schools’ role in spreading the virus. It’s important to continue monitoring the impact of COVID-19 on YPLHIV to better understand its effect on screening and adherence to treatment.
Near complete genome sequences from Southern Vietnam revealed local features of genetic diversity and intergenerational changes in SARS- CoV-2 variants in 2020–2021
Authors: Gladkikh Anna S. , Cao Thang M. , Klyuchnikova Ekaterina O. , Dao Manh H. , Sharova Alena A. , Melnichenko Vasilina D. , Popova Margarita R. , Arbuzova Tatiana V. , Sbarzaglia Valeriya A. , Tsyganova Nadezhda A. , Ramsay Edward , Dedkov Vladimir G. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Since its beginnings in 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic is still a problem of global medical concern. Southern Vietnam is one of the country's vast regions, including 20 provinces and the densely populated metropolis Ho Chi Minh City. A randomized retrospective study was performed to investigate the epidemiology and genetic diversity of COVID-19. Whole-genome sequencing of 126 SARS-CoV-2 samples collected from Southern Vietnam between January 2020 and December 2021 revealed the main circulating variants and their distribution.

Methods
Epidemiological data were obtained from the Department of Preventive Medicine of the Vietnamese Ministry of Health. To identify circulating variants, RNA, extracted from 126 nasopharyngeal swabs of patients with suspected COVID-19 were sequenced on Illunina MiSeq to obtain near complete genomes SARS-CoV-2.

Results
Due to the effectiveness of restrictive measures in Vietnam, it was possible to keep incidence at a low level. The partial relaxation of restrictive measures, and the spread of Delta lineages, contributed to the beginning of a logarithmic increase in incidence. Lineages 20A-H circulated in Southern Vietnam during 2020. Spread of the Delta lineage in Southern Vietnam began in March 2021, causing a logarithmic rise in the number of COVID-19 cases.

Conclusions
Pandemic dynamics in Southern Vietnam feature specific variations in incidence, and these reflect the success of the restrictive measures put in place during the early stages of the pandemic.
Detection of Clostridium perfringens in donor milk at a human breast milk bank: a case report
Authors: Liu Ke , Liu Zhiyong , Chen Xufei , Wang Rouzhi , Wang Dan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The breast milk bank is a professional organization that collects donor human milk (DHM) for special medical needs by recruiting qualified breast milk donors. Such organizations are also responsible for the disinfection, processing, testing, storage, distribution, and use of breast milk. As DHM is a biological product, it may get contaminated. Microbiological testing is the final step to determine microbial contamination of DHM. However, a universal method for the microbiological analysis of DHM in breast milk banks globally is lacking.DHM without strict screening may become a potential carrier of pathogens and seriously threaten the health of infants. Clostridium perfringens, a gram-positive anaerobic bacterium, is capable of causing wound infections, including gas gangrene, enteritis/enterocolitis, and enterotoxemia. Here, the first case of C. perfringens detected in DHM has been reported to facilitate the identification of such contamination in breast milk banks.

Case presentation
A breastfeeding mother donated 3000 mL of milk to the breast milk bank of the First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University(over 2900 beds and patient receiving capacity of over 132,000), Chongqing, China. The milk sample was subjected to microbiological screening using liquid enrichment, followed by anaerobic and aerobic culturing. The results revealed the growth of C. perfringens in the anaerobic culture medium, but no bacteria or yeast-like fungi were observed in the aerobic culture medium. The donor did not exhibit any clinical symptoms, and her routine blood results and body temperature were normal. However, the infant fed with her milk had recurrent bloody stools. Breast milk bank infection control emergency handling as well as environmental sampling and investigation revealed that the cause was contamination of the donor’s home-use breast pump with C. perfringens. The infant no longer experienced bloody stool once the donor changed the breast pump.

Conclusions
C. perfringens can enter breast milk from contaminated pumping environments or devices, thus causing illness in infants. The microbiological testing of DHM in breast milk banks can be accomplished using liquid enrichment, along with anaerobic and aerobic culture, which is of immense significance in improving the standards for microbiological screening, DHM safety, and infant health.
Different equations for estimating age-related changes of glomerular filtration rate in the healthy population
Authors: Wei Lu , Shen Xue , Zhang Juan , Yong Zhenzhu , Zhang Qun , Zhao Weihong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Identifying age-related trend of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is necessary to assess whether kidney function is healthily aging. This study aimed to investigate the application of CKD-EPI, FAS, and Xiangya equations for the aging estimation of eGFR in the healthy Chinese individuals.

Methods
A total of 36,911 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. We grouped every ten years to observe the trend of eGFR with aging and investigated decline rate of it by general linear regression analysis in each age-groups. Agreement between equations was determined by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland–Altman plot. We calculated reference interval in each age-group. We further analyzed above statistical indicators in males and females.

Results
The eGFR by CKD-EPI, and Xiangya equation started to decline from the age of 18. Whereas eGFR by FAS equation remained stable under 40 years, then decreased more rapidly. Compared with males, the females had a higher level but a faster decline rate of eGFR with aging. Agreement analysis revealed good agreement between CKD-EPI and FAS equations (ICC 0.818–0.920). Agreement between Xiangya and CKD-EPI or FAS equations was poor to moderate in most of the population under 70 years old (ICC 0.282–0.786), but good in individuals above 70 years (ICC 0.769–0.881).

Conclusions
The trend of eGFR with aging was different by CKD-EPI, FAS, and Xiangya equations in the healthy Chinese. It may be necessary to take these equations- or age-related differences into consideration when assessing kidney function in primary health care and clinical practice.
Promoting a global culture of respectful maternity care
Authors: Puthussery Shuby , Bayih Wubet Alebachew , Brown Hilary , Aborigo Raymond Akawire 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRespectful maternity care (RMC) - a fundamental human right for all women - prioritizes autonomy and rights of pregnant and birthing women throughout the entire childbirth journey. Despite increasing acknowledgment of the importance of RMC for optimal maternal and new-born outcomes, women often experience disrespectful and abusive practices during pregnancy and childbirth. This Editorial points to the need for development of international guidelines for the implementation of RMC programs globally.
Intimate partner violence and antenatal care utilization predictors in Uganda: an analysis applying Andersen’s behavioral model of healthcare utilization
Authors: Anguzu Ronald , Walker Rebekah J. , Babikako Harriet M. , Beyer Kirsten M.M. , Dickson-Gomez Julia , Zhou Yuhong , Cassidy Laura D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundOptimal utilization of antenatal care (ANC) services improves positive pregnancy experiences and birth outcomes. However, paucity of evidence exists on which factors should be targeted to increase ANC utilization among women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) in Uganda.ObjectiveTo determine the independent association between IPV exposure and ANC utilization as well as the predictors of ANC utilization informed by Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Healthcare Utilization.MethodsWe analyzed 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey data that included a sample of 1,768 women with children aged 12 to 18 months and responded to both ANC utilization and IPV items. Our outcome was ANC utilization, a count variable assessed as the number of ANC visits in the last 12 months preceding the survey. The key independent variable was exposure to any IPV form defined as self-report of having experienced physical, sexual and/or emotional IPV. Covariates were grouped into predisposing (age, formal education, religion, problem paying treatment costs), enabling (women’s autonomy, mass media exposure), need (unintended pregnancy, parity, history of pregnancy termination), and healthcare system/environmental factors (rural/urban residence, spatial accessibility to health facility). Poisson regression models tested the independent association between IPV and ANC utilization, and the predictors of ANC utilization after controlling for potential confounders.ResultsMean number of ANC visits (ANC utilization) was 3.71 visits with standard deviation (SD) of ± 1.5 respectively. Overall, 60.8% of our sample reported experiencing any form of IPV. Any IPV exposure was associated with lower number of ANC visits (3.64, SD ± 1.41) when compared to women without IPV exposure (3.82, SD ± 1.64) at p = 0.013. In the adjusted models, any IPV exposure was negatively associated with ANC utilization when compared to women with no IPV exposure after controlling for enabling factors (Coef. -0.03; 95%CI -0.06,-0.01), and healthcare system/environmental factors (Coef. -0.06; 95%CI -0.11,-0.04). Predictors of ANC utilization were higher education (Coef. 0.27; 95%CI 0.15,0.39) compared with no education, high autonomy (Coef. 0.12; 95%CI 0.02,0.23) compared to low autonomy, and partial media exposure (Coef. 0.06; 95%CI 0.01,0.12) compared to low media exposure.ConclusionAddressing enabling and healthcare system/environmental factors may increase ANC utilization among Ugandan women experiencing IPV. Prevention and response interventions for IPV should include strategies to increase girls’ higher education completion rates, improve women’s financial autonomy, and mass media exposure to improve ANC utilization in similar populations in Uganda.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of typhoid vaccination in Lao PDR
Authors: Soukavong Mick , Luangasanatip Nantasit , Chanthavilay Phetsavanh , Teerawattananon Yot , Dabak Saudamini Vishwanath , Pan-ngum Wirichada , Roberts Tamalee , Ashley Elizabeth A , Mayxay Mayfong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Typhoid vaccination has been shown to be an effective intervention to prevent enteric fever and is under consideration for inclusion in the national immunization program in Lao PDR.

Methods
A cost-utility analysis was performed using an age-structured static decision tree model to estimate the costs and health outcomes of introducing TCV. Vaccination strategies combined with five delivery approaches in different age groups compared to no vaccination were considered from the societal perspective, using the Gavi price of 1.5 USD per dose. The vaccination program was considered to be cost-effective if the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was less than a threshold of 1 GDP per capita for Lao PDR, equivalent to USD 2,535 in 2020.

Results
In the model, we estimated 172.2 cases of enteric fever, with 1.3 deaths and a total treatment cost of USD 7,244, based on a birth cohort of 164,662 births without TCV vaccination that was followed over their lifetime. To implement a TCV vaccination program over the lifetime horizon, the estimated cost of the vaccine and administration costs would be between USD 470,934 and USD 919,186. Implementation of the TCV vaccination program would prevent between 14 and 106 cases and 0.1 to 0.8 deaths. None of the vaccination programs appeared to be cost-effective.

Conclusions
Inclusion of TCV in the national vaccination program in Lao PDR would only be cost-effective if the true typhoid incidence is 25-times higher than our current estimate.
Does the application of autologous injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin (i-PRF) affect the patient’s daily performance during the retraction of upper canines? A single-centre randomized split-mouth controlled trial
Authors: Zeitounlouian Talar , Haddad Rania , Brad Bassel , Ballouk Muhammed Al-Huda , Fudalej Piotr 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have assessed different aspects concerning the applications of i-PRF in the oral cavity. However, nothing is known regarding patients’ perceptions of the injection of autologous platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF).

Objectives
To investigate patients’ perceptions after injecting platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in the course of retracting upper canines.

Methods
Twenty-one patients, whose treatments required extractions of both upper first premolars, were recruited. Extraction side was randomly allocated to the intervention or control sides. After the alignment phase, i-PRF was injected twice with a one-month interval on the buccal and palatal aspects of the extraction sites (intervention side). Patients’ perceptions were evaluated with two questionnaires: the first was used to assess the level of pain, discomfort, swelling, eating and swallowing difficulties as well as jaw movement restriction after 1 h (T1), 2 h (T2), 6 h (T3), 24 h (T4) and 48 h (T5) of the second injection; the second questionnaire was used to assess the acceptance of the i-PRF injection and overall satisfaction with this technique at the end of canine retraction phase. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was adopted for this purpose. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used to compare between both sides at all time points while Friedman’s Test was the selected test for detecting variables’ changes over time. Post-hoc Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed-Rank Tests were applied when any of the results were significant. As to the multiplicity of tests, Bonferroni Correction was implemented.

Results
Pain and swelling levels were significantly higher on the experimental compared to the control sides at T1, T2, and T3 (P < 0.05), whereas they declined sharply and went back to almost normal values at T4 (after 24 h). At T5 they were 0. Discomfort and difficulty in mastication on intervention sides were significant only at T1 and T2. Pain, swelling, and chewing difficulties were significant (P < 0.001) during the 4 assessed time points. The increase was insignificant regarding swallowing difficulties and jaw movement limitations at all time intervals.

Conclusions
Injecting autologous (i-PRF) during orthodontic canine retraction is a well-perceived and well-tolerated method due to the limited discomfort which significantly diminishes 24 h afterwards.

Trial’s registration
ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier Number: NCT03399422. 16/01/2018).
Bei Mu Gua Lou San facilitates mucus expectoration by increasing surface area and hydration levels of airway mucus in an air-liquid-interface cell culture model of the respiratory epithelium
Authors: Groiss Silvia , Somvilla Ina , Daxböck Christine , Stückler Manuela , Pritz Elisabeth , Brislinger Dagmar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Bei Mu Gua Lou San (BMGLS) is an ancient formulation known for its moisturizing and expectorant properties, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We investigated concentration-dependent effects of BMGLS on its rehydrating and mucus-modulating properties using an air-liquid-interface (ALI) cell culture model of the Calu-3 human bronchial epithelial cell line and primary normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE), and specifically focused on quantity and composition of the two major mucosal proteins MUC5AC and MUC5B.

Methods
ALI cultures were treated with BMGLS at different concentrations over three weeks and evaluated by means of histology, immunostaining and electron microscopy. MUC5AC and MUC5B mRNA levels were assessed and quantified on protein level using an automated image-based approach. Additionally, expression levels of the major mucus-stimulating enzyme 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15) were evaluated.

Results
BMGLS induced concentration-dependent morphological changes in NHBE but not Calu-3 ALI cultures that resulted in increased surface area via the formation of herein termed intra-epithelial structures (IES). While cellular rates of proliferation, apoptosis or degeneration remained unaffected, BMGLS caused swelling of mucosal granules, increased the area of secreted mucus, decreased muco-glycoprotein density, and dispensed MUC5AC. Additionally, BMGLS reduced expression levels of MUC5AC, MUC5B and the mucus-stimulating enzyme 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15).

Conclusions
Our studies suggest that BMGLS rehydrates airway mucus while stimulating mucus secretion by increasing surface areas and regulating goblet cell differentiation through modulating major mucus-stimulating pathways.
Nursing teamwork is essential in promoting patient-centered care: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Baek Hyang , Han Kihye , Cho Hyeonmi , Ju Jieun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
There has been little research regarding nursing teamwork, despite its important role in multidisciplinary teamwork in healthcare settings and its significance in ensuring high-quality nursing care. This study aimed to determine the teamwork levels of Korean nurses and examine the relationship between nursing teamwork and patient-centered care while controlling for other individual and work-related factors.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of online survey data. The study population consisted of 992 Korean registered nurses employed in hospitals who had a minimum of six months of clinical experience. We performed latent profile analysis to identify latent teamwork subgroups based on response patterns. We performed analysis of variance and Chi-square tests to examine differences in individual and work-related characteristics according to teamwork group. We used multiple linear regression to investigate how nursing teamwork could affect patient-centered care after controlling for covariates.

Results
We identified three nursing teamwork subgroups: low, mid, and high. Nurses with a higher level of teamwork in their units tended to work fewer hours with more adequate staffing (F = 5.88, p = 0.003 for working hours; F = 7.68, p < 0.001 for staffing adequacy). There was a significant positive association between nursing teamwork and patient-centered care after controlling for personal and work-related characteristics. Compared with low teamwork, mid and high teamwork increased patient-centered care scores by 0.32 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.23–0.40) and 0.57 (95% CI = 0.48–0.66), respectively.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that enhancing nursing teamwork can serve as an effective strategy for promoting patient-centered care. Providing nurse education and training to equip nurses with the necessary knowledge and skills for effective teamwork is a crucial step. Additionally, fostering management commitment to create a supportive working environment, including adequate staffing, can facilitate improved nursing teamwork and, subsequently, patient-centered care.
Relationship between digital capabilities and academic performance: the mediating effect of self-efficacy
Authors: Ibrahim Rasha Kadri , Aldawsari Aisha Namshan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Aims
To assess digital capabilities and academic performance among nursing students and investigate the mediating role of students’ self-efficacy.

Background
In the context of education and technology, digital capabilities, self-efficacy, and academic performance among nursing students are interconnected concepts. Students who use their digital capabilities and competencies combined with their belief in the ability to efficiently perform learning tasks could improve their academic endeavors. Nevertheless, insufficient consideration has been placed on research understanding of the mediating roles and broad elements that influence their relationships.

Methods
A cross-sectional, correlational, descriptive, and quantitative study was established. During the 2022–23 academic year, data were gathered from 200 students. The Hayes Process Model 4 macro was employed to investigate the role of students’ self-efficacy mediating effect on the association between digital capabilities and academic performance.

Results
The digital capability level and self-efficacy level were high. Additionally, the academic performance level was moderate. The mediation analysis revealed that the direct effect of digital capabilities on student performance in the presence of the mediator was significant (b = 0.0063, p = 0.022). Hence, self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between digital capabilities and student performance.

Conclusion
The study emphasized the importance of improving students’ digital capabilities that enhance their confidence and self-actualization. In addition, nursing students are encouraged to improve their sense of self-efficacy throughout their tenure in college because it is a predictor of future success.