bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the influence of injection pressure and frequency on the deformation and damage law of the surrounding rock in the old cavity of salt mine
Authors: Zhang Huabin , Yue Xianru , BA Jinhong , Kang Yanpeng , YU Haoyi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe long‐term cyclic gas injection and production mode of the gas storage will lead to accelerated deformation of the surrounding rock of the old cavity, and even the instability and failure of the cavity. Considering the geological conditions and cavity measurement data of the old cavity of the horizontal butted‐well in China, the deformation and failure characteristics of the long‐term cyclic injection‐production process of the surrounding rock of the old cavity under different internal pressure difference and injection‐production frequency are studied. The long‐term stability of the gas storage is predicted by six indexes: the deformation of surrounding rock, dilatancy safety factor, volume shrinkage rate, plastic zone volume, equivalent strain, and no tensile stress. The results show that with the increase of operation duration and cycle times, the deformation, volume shrinkage rate, and plastic zone volume of the surrounding rock gradually increase after the old cavity is reconstructed into the gas storage and the difference of results under different UGS and CAES gradually expands. The stability of the surrounding rock of the old cavity under the cycle action of CAES will be lower. The number of cycles has a limited impact on the stability of the surrounding rock of the old cavity, while the operation duration and injection‐production pressure are the main determinants of the stability of the surrounding rock of the old cavity. If the old cavity of the salt mine is reconstructed into CAES, the parameters such as the number of cycles, the operation duration, and the injection‐production pressure still need to be considered comprehensively. The research results can provide reference value for the reasonable design of the gas storage pressure range of the old cavity and the safety and stability evaluation of the surrounding rock.
An evaluation of animal models for using bioactive compounds in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Tie Shanshan , Chen Yannan , Tan Mingqian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a prevalent chronic relapsing‐remitting disease that affects the digestive tract and reduces patients’ quality of life. Food bioactive compounds are a promising approach for nutritional intervention of IBD with minimal side effects. To evaluate their potential, researchers have developed various animal models that simulate human IBD, including chemically induced, spontaneous, genetically engineered, and adoptive transfer models. In this work, the main animal models, pathogenesis, symptoms, strengths, and limitations of IBD were discussed. Although these models could not perfectly replicate human IBD, they provided useful tools to study the disease's progression and therapeutic processes. In addition, taking these IBD animals as models, the specific experimental methods, intervention results, and mechanisms of food bioactive compounds to prevent or treat IBD were described in detail. The continuous improvement of animal models is crucial to gain a better understanding of IBD's etiology and pathogenesis and to evaluate the efficacy of food bioactive compounds for the effective control of IBD.
Early warning system for currency crises using long short‐term memory and gated recurrent unit neural networks
Authors: Barthélémy Sylvain , Gautier Virginie , Rondeau Fabien 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCurrency crises, recurrent events in the economic history of developing, emerging, and developed countries, have disastrous economic consequences. This paper proposes an early warning system for currency crises using sophisticated recurrent neural networks, such as long short‐term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent unit (GRU). These models were initially used in language processing, where they performed well. Such models are increasingly being used in forecasting financial asset prices, including exchange rates, but they have not yet been applied to the prediction of currency crises. As for all recurrent neural networks, they allow for taking into account nonlinear interactions between variables and the influence of past data in a dynamic form. For a set of 68 countries including developed, emerging, and developing economies over the period of 1995–2020, LSTM and GRU outperformed our benchmark models. LSTM and GRU correctly sent continuous signals within a 2‐year warning window to alert for 91% of the crises. For the LSTM, false signals represent only 14% of the emitted signals compared with 23% for logistic regression, making it an efficient early warning system for policymakers.
Neuroimmune mechanisms connecting violence with internalizing symptoms: A high‐dimensional multimodal mediation analysis
Authors: Butler Ellyn R. , Samia Noelle , White Stuart , Gratton Caterina , Nusslock Robin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractViolence exposure is associated with worsening anxiety and depression symptoms among adolescents. Mechanistically, social defeat stress models in mice indicate that violence increases peripherally derived macrophages in threat appraisal regions of the brain, which have been causally linked to anxious behavior. In the present study, we investigate if there is a path connecting violence exposure with internalizing symptom severity through peripheral inflammation and amygdala connectivity. Two hundred and thirty‐three adolescents, ages 12–15, from the Chicago area completed clinical assessments, immune assays and neuroimaging. A high‐dimensional multimodal mediation model was fit, using violence exposure as the predictor, 12 immune variables as the first set of mediators and 288 amygdala connectivity variables as the second set, and internalizing symptoms as the primary outcome measure. 56.2% of the sample had been exposed to violence in their lifetime. Amygdala–hippocampus connectivity mediated the association between violence exposure and internalizing symptoms (, ). There was no evidence that inflammation or inflammation and amygdala connectivity in tandem mediated the association. Considering the amygdala and the hippocampus work together to encode, consolidate, and retrieve contextual fear memories, violence exposure may be associated with greater connectivity between the amygdala and the hippocampus because it could be adaptive for the amygdala and the hippocampus to be in greater communication following violence exposure to facilitate evaluation of contextual threat cues. Therefore, chronic elevations of amygdala–hippocampal connectivity may indicate persistent vigilance that leads to internalizing symptoms.
Epidemiological study of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer‐Ahmad province (Iran) from 2008 to 2021: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Faghihi Sayed H. , Azarbakhsh Habibollah , Piraee Elahe 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsViral hepatitis is one of the top five reasons people die from infections all around the world. The present study aimed to assess the epidemiological features of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infections in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer‐Ahmad province.MethodsThe data were obtained via the census method from the registered hepatitis B and hepatitis C data in the reportable disease care system of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences. The collected data are the result of serological tests. The χ2 test was used to evaluate the important risk factors for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The joinpoint regression was performed to investigate the trend of HBV and HCV in recent years.ResultsHere, 1270 cases of hepatitis B and C were identified and reported in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer‐Ahmad province from 2008 to 2021. The median age of patients was 38 (interquartile range: 31–51), varying significantly according to the type of hepatitis. The most common hepatitis in males was hepatitis C and in females, hepatitis B. Regarding the place of residence, HBV and HCV were both more prevalent in urban areas. The age group of 25–34 years has the highest prevalence of HBV and HCV. According to the joinpoint regression analysis, there is a decrease in the 14‐year trend of incidence rate due to total hepatitis B and C: the annual percent change was −5.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: −8.4 to −1.9, p = 0.005) for hepatitis B and −0.2% (95% CI: −10.7 to 11.6, p = 0.976) for hepatitis C.ConclusionThis study shows the incidence rate of hepatitis B has been decreasing during the years of study but this trend has been stable for hepatitis C. Also, the highest number of cases of hepatitis B and C were reported in the age groups of 25–34 years. Hence, preventive interventions are vital in reducing the burden of these diseases.
Human epidermal growth receptor polymorphisms (HER1–rs11543848 and HER2–rs1136201) exhibited significant association with breast cancer risk in Pashtun population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Sombal Wafa , Khan Najeeb Ullah , Khan Bibi Maryam , Ismail Muhammad , Almutairi Mikhlid H. , Khan Samiullah , Khan Aakif Ullah , Mustafa Adeela , Iftikhar Bushra , Ali Ijaz 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsBreast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women. The genetic polymorphism in HER (HER1–rs11543848 and HER2–rs1136201) were found to be associated with breast cancer risk in different ethnicities worldwide with inconsistent results. The aim of this research study was to evaluate the association of HER1–rs11543848 and HER2–rs1136201 polymorphisms as a risk of breast cancer in Pashtun population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.MethodsA total of 314 women including 164 breast cancer patients and 150 age and gender‐matched healthy controls were enrolled from June 2021 to May 2022. All the samples were subjected to DNA extraction followed by Tetra‐ARMS‐PCR for genotyping and gel electrophoresis.ResultsOur results indicated that HER1–rs11543848 risk allele A (p = 0.0001) and heterozygous genotype GA (p = 0.0001) displayed highly significant association with breast cancer, while the homozygous mutant genotype AA indicated association but nonsignificant results (odds ratio [OR] = 2.637, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2258–5.6756, p = 0.0833). Similarly, the HER2–rs1136201 risk allele G (p = 0.0023), the heterozygous genotype AG (p = 0.0530) and homozygous mutant genotype GG showed significant association (OR = 2.5946, 95% CI = 0.9876–6.8165, p = 0.0530) with breast cancer risk. Both the SNPs presented a higher but nonsignificant risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women (OR = 2.242, p = 0.08 and OR = 2.009, p = 0.06). However, both the SNPs showed significant association (p < 0.005) with family history, metastasis, stage, luminal B, and TNBC.ConclusionIn conclusion, HER1–rs11543848 and HER2–rs1136201 polymorphisms are significantly associated with the higher risk of breast cancer in Pashtun population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. These findings advocate for further exploration with larger datasets, offering promising avenues for personalized approaches in breast cancer research and potentially enhancing clinical practices for better risk assessment and targeted management strategies.
Therapeutic potential of dihydroartemisinin in mitigating radiation‐induced lung injury: Inhibition of ferroptosis through Nrf2/HO‐1 pathways in mice
Authors: Ning Xin , Zhao Weidong , Wu Qiaoyuan , Wang Cailan , Liang Shixiong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundRadiation‐induced lung injury (RILI) is a common consequence of thoracic radiation therapy that lacks effective preventative and treatment strategies. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a derivative of artemisinin, affects oxidative stress, immunomodulation, and inflammation. It is uncertain whether DHA reduces RILI. In this work, we investigated the specific mechanisms of action of DHA in RILI.MethodsTwenty‐four C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups of six mice each: Control group, irradiation (IR) group, IR + DHA group, and IR + DHA + Brusatol group. The IR group received no interventions along with radiation treatment. Mice were killed 30 days after the irradiation. Morphologic and pathologic changes in lung tissue were observed with hematoxylin and eosin staining. Detection of hydroxyproline levels for assessing the extent of pulmonary fibrosis. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), glutathione peroxidase (GPX4), Nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) expression in lung tissues were detected. In addition, mitochondrial ultrastructural changes in lung tissues were also observed, and the glutathione (GSH) content in lung tissues was assessed.ResultsDHA attenuated radiation‐induced pathological lung injury and hydroxyproline levels. Additionally, it decreased TNF‐α and TGF‐β after irradiation. DHA may additionally stimulate the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway. DHA upregulated GPX4 and GSH levels and inhibited cellular ferroptosis. Brusatol reversed the inhibitory effect of DHA on ferroptosis and its protective effect on RILI.ConclusionDHA modulated the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway to prevent cellular ferroptosis, which reduced RILI. Therefore, DHA could be a potential drug for the treatment of RILI.
The role of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis as potential inflammatory biomarkers in subjects with periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review
Authors: Alarcón‐Sánchez Mario A. , Becerra‐Ruiz Julieta S. , Guerrero‐Velázquez Celia , Mosaddad Seyed A. , Heboyan Artak 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to investigate the role of the C‐X3‐C motif ligand 1/chemokine receptor 1 C‐X3‐C motif (CX3CL1/CX3CR1) axis in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Furthermore, as a secondary objective, we determine whether the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis could be considered complementary to clinical parameters to distinguish between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and/or systemically healthy subjects.MethodsThe protocol used for this review was registered in OSF (10.17605/OSF.IO/KU8FJ). This study was designed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis guidelines. Records were identified using different search engines (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science) from August 10, 2006, to September 15, 2023. The observational studies on human subjects diagnosed with periodontitis and RA and/or systemically healthy were selected to analyze CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 biomarkers. The methodological validity of the selected articles was assessed using NIH.ResultsSix articles were included. Biological samples (gingival crevicular fluid [GCF], saliva, gingival tissue biopsies, serum) from 379 subjects (n = 275 exposure group and n = 104 control group) were analyzed. Higher CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 chemokine levels were found in subjects with periodontitis and RA compared with periodontal and systemically healthy subjects.ConclusionVery few studies highlight the role of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in the pathogenesis of periodontitis; however, increased levels of these chemokines are observed in different biological samples (GCF, gingival tissue, saliva, and serum) from subjects with periodontitis and RA compared with their healthy controls. Future studies should focus on long‐term follow‐up of subjects and monitoring changes in cytokine levels before and after periodontal therapy to deduce an appropriate interval in health and disease conditions.
Studies on the Cause of Hyperuricosuria in Cystic Fibrosis Patients
Authors: Niessen K. H. , Wolf A. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryQualitative and quantitative analyses of the purine contents of 24 pancreatic enzyme preparations currently available in the Federal Republic of Germany were carried out; guanine, adenine, and hypoxanthine were demonstrated in all drugs examined. The contamination level per dosage unit ranged from 2 to 10 mg urate equivalents, which, after purine absorption and metabolism, must be excreted by the kidneys. Although the additional daily urate intake through the ingestion of pancreatic enzyme preparations was less than 70 mg in 16 of 18 cystic fibrosis patients, uric acid excretion was astoundingly high. Compared to the amount of urate excreted in the urine over a 24‐h period, urate intake through pancreatic enzyme preparations was so low that these drugs do not represent an important contributing factor for hyperuricosuria. A clear‐cut relationship could be demonstrated between the urinary urate concentration and the severity of the disease. The increased catabolism of these patients therefore is more likely the real cause of the hyperuricosuria demonstrable in most cases. Increased fluid intake and administration of allopurinol proved to be an extremely effective means of controlling hyperuricosuria; no side effects were observed.
Stimulation of Small Bowel Mucosal Growth by Midgut Infusion of Different Sugars in Rats Maintained by Total Parenteral Nutrition
Authors: Weser Elliot , Vandeventer Ann , Tawil Tippy 
Published: February 2024

SummaryGlucose infused into the gastrointestinal tract has been shown to prevent mucosal atrophy in animals maintained on total parenteral nutrition and to stimulate intestinal adaptation in remaining bowel after small bowel resection. In this study, several sugars absorbed by active and nonactive transport mechanisms were infused into mid‐small bowel and compared for their effects on mucosal mass. Male Sprague‐Dawley rats (240 g) were maintained on total parenteral nutrition for 7 days. The mid‐small bowel was cannulated and continuously infused with a solution of either glucose (15%), fructose (15%). mannose (7.5%), mannitol (7.5%), or control (0.9% NaCl) at a rate of 2.4 ml/h. Similar studies were carried out after adding phlorizin (200 mg/100 ml) to the glucose and fructose solutions. After 7 days, rats were killed and the entire small bowel divided into eight equal segments. Segment weight, mucosal weight, DNA. and protein concentration per centimeter gut were measured. All rats gained in weight during the study period. Glucose and fructose midgut infusion significantly increased mucosal mass downstream from the site of infusion and also in remote proximal bowel segments. The addition of phlorizin to the glucose solution shifted the peak mucosal growth effects caudally. but did not have any effect when added to either fructose or control solutions. Despite lower concentrations, midgut infusion of mannose and mannitol also stimulated an increase in mucosal mass in proximal and distal segments. These studies indicate that midgut infusion of sugars absorbed by active transport (glucose), other carrier‐mediated transport (fructose), and nonactive limited transport (mannose. mannitol) stimulates mucosal growth locally and in remotely located proximal intestine. Direct contact, absorption, osmolality, and humoral factors may all be involved in these responses.
Does Breast Feeding Protect Against the Development of Clinical Symptoms of Celiac Disease in Children?
Authors: Auricchio Salvatore , Follo Daniela , de Ritis Giorgio , Giunta Annamaria , Marzorati Donata , Prampolini Luigia , Ansaldi Nicoletta , Levi Patrizia , Dall'Olio Domenico , Bossi Anna , Cortinovis Ivan , Marubini Ettore 
Published: February 2024

Summary:A retrospective approach has been adopted to investigate the frequency and duration of breast feeding and the time of gluten introduction in the diet in 216 celiac children and their healthy siblings of three different centers—Naples, Milan, and Turin. In this matched case‐control study, the selected controls were healthy siblings of the cases. Children formula‐fed from birth, or breastfed for less than 30 days, were found to have a relative risk of developing symptoms of celiac disease four times higher than children breast‐fed for more than 30 days (p < 0.0001). To investigate more deeply the effect of the duration of breast feeding as a possible protecting factor, the linear trend for different periods of breast feeding was tested and found to be highly significant (G1: 18.3 with 1 df). Therefore, increased duration of breast feeding is associated with decreased risk of developing celiac symptoms. On the contrary, there was no apparent relationship between early introduction of gluten into the diet and frequency of celiac disease. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that a wider diffusion of breast feeding is a factor underlying the recently reported decrease of the incidence of celiac disease in children.
Prospective Study of Fatty Acid Supplementation Over 3 Years in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Kusoffsky Eric , Strandvik Birgitta , Troell Staffan 
Published: February 2024

Summary:Intravenous fatty acid supplementation (10% Intralipid®, 10 ml/kg body weight) was given to 10 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), in intervals for 3 years. One year of intensive treatment with supplementation every fortnight was followed by 1 year of intermission and then 1 year of the same treatment given for 2 days every 2 months. Compared with matched CF patients, the clinical course, evaluated by Shwachmann scoring, showed less deterioration in the treated group, especially during the year of intensive treatment. Single parameters, such as pulmonary function tests, pulmonary X‐ray films, clinical infections, bacterial growth of sputa, and sweat electrolyte concentration, showed no differences. It is concluded that if there is any benefit of this kind of treatment in CF, it has to be very intensive. At present, the psychological stress involved in repeated parenteral administrations over long periods prevents its use in clinical routine.
Effects of Conceptual Age and Dietary Intake on Protein Metabolism in Premature Infants
Authors: Nissim Itzhak , Yudkoff Marc , Pereira Gilberto , Segal Stanton 
Published: February 2024

Summary:Protein turnover was studied in eight premature infants of conceptual age 26‐37 weeks. A stochastic model based upon [15N]urea or [15N]ammonia excretion following a single injection of [15N]glycine was used to estimate rates of whole body protein synthesis and catabolism. The urinary 3‐methylhistidine/creatinine ratio was determined to differentiate skeletal muscle protein breakdown from total protein catabolism. The rates of whole body protein synthesis ranged from 5.2 to 13.2 g·kg−1·day−1 and protein catabolism ranged from 4.1 to 12.4 g·kg−1·day−1. Linear regression analyses of conceptual age versus (a) whole body nitrogen flux, (b) protein synthesis, and (c) protein catabolism showed significant inverse relationships. A similar relationship obtained between conceptual age and the urine 3‐methylhistidine/creatinine ratio. Muscle protein breakdown did not vary with conceptual age, but the fraction of whole body protein breakdown derived from muscle protein breakdown increased significantly with advancing maturation. The ratio net tissue protein gain/total body protein synthesis increased significantly with increasing body weight. Net tissue protein gain appeared to be directly related to protein and caloric intake. The ratio of the rate of whole body protein synthesis and protein intake was greatest in the youngest infants and declined with maturation. A similar relationship was not found between the ratio of protein synthesis and caloric intake and the degree of maturity. More than 90% of nitrogen entering the metabolic pool was used for protein synthesis and more than 50% of calories administered were similarly utilized. We conclude that: (a) protein turnover in premature infants is far more rapid than in term infants, children, or adults and is inversely related to conceptual age; (b) muscle protein turnover constitutes a greater fraction of overall turnover with advancing maturity; (c) energy and protein intake affect net tissue protein gain significantly in rapidly growing infants; and (d) the efficiency of protein synthesis as a function of protein intake is higher in the most immature infants.