bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Models to predict the radial variation of stiffness, strength, and density in planted noble fir, Norway spruce, western hemlock, and western red cedar in Great Britain
Authors: Gil-Moreno David , MClean J. Paul , Ridley-Ellis Dan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Key message
This study compares the measured radial variation in wood stiffness, strength, and density of noble fir, Norway spruce, western hemlock, and western red cedar by developing mixed-effects models for each property using age as the explanatory variable. These models could be used to simulate the effect of rotation length and species choice on sawn wood properties.

Context
Timber production in Great Britain relies primarily on Sitka spruce. The use of multiple species is desirable to mitigate against biotic and abiotic risks posed to a single species. When considering alternative species, quantifying and modeling radial variation in wood properties is important to determine the potential for sawn timber production at a given rotation length.

Aims
To build empirical models for the radial variation in wood properties that can account for species.

Methods
Clear-wood samples were produced along radial transects in trees from four conifer species: Abies procera Rehder, Picea abies (L.) Karst, Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg., Thuja plicata Donn. ex D.Don. Modulus of Elasticity, Modulus of Rupture, and density were measured on each species according to established standards. Mixed-effects models were built using ring numbers from the pith and species as explanatory variables.

Results
The same model forms could be used across the four species. Nonlinear models were developed for the Modulus of Elasticity and density. For the Modulus of Rupture, a linear model was most appropriate. The effect of species in the models was significant.

Conclusion
At similar rotation lengths, noble fir, Norway spruce, and western hemlock can produce timber with comparable properties to Sitka spruce. Overall, western red cedar would have worse properties for structural use.
Features and development trends of primary care research conducted by practice-based research networks from 1991 to 2023: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Wang Yang , Cao Xinyang , Xu Zhijie , Fang Hai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Practice-based research networks (PBRNs) have been recognized as essential laboratories and mechanisms for developing primary care research. This scoping review aims to examine and map the features and development trends of productivity, research categories, and methods in original primary care research conducted by global PBRNs between 1991 and 2023.

Methods
We have assembled an interdisciplinary team that will undertake this scoping review, following the framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley. Targeted literature includes original primary care research conducted by PBRNs, published from January 1, 1991, to December 31, 2023. An integrated search strategy will gather publications from 3 electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase), 16 major primary health care journals, and 364 relevant organizations. Two experienced researchers will independently screen the titles, keywords, and abstracts of all references and extract data regarding eight key elements. Disagreements between the reviewers will be resolved through group discussions, moderated by a third reviewer. Articles to be included will (1) be conducted in the primary care context, (2) be led by PBRNs, (3) provide a full report of original research, and (4) be published in a peer-reviewed journal between the aforementioned dates in any language. Exclusions encompass reviews, letters, commentaries, case reports, and conference papers. Final data will be displayed using tables and charts according to different conceptual categories.

Discussion
This scoping review is one of the initial attempts to delineate the development trends and features of primary care research conducted by PBRNs. This study will provide reference information for researchers in countries/regions that are building their research infrastructure and capacity in general practice, family medicine, and primary care.

Systematic review registration
Registered in OSF on July 25, 2022 (https://osf.io/zgv9c).
Increased prokaryotic diversity in the Red Sea deep scattering layer
Authors: Huete-Stauffer Tamara Megan , Logares Ramiro , Ansari Mohd Ikram , Røstad Anders , Calleja Maria Lluch , Morán Xosé Anxelu G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe diel vertical migration (DVM) of fish provides an active transport of labile dissolved organic matter (DOM) to the deep ocean, fueling the metabolism of heterotrophic bacteria and archaea. We studied the impact of DVM on the mesopelagic prokaryotic diversity of the Red Sea focusing on the mesopelagic deep scattering layer (DSL) between 450–600 m.ResultsDespite the general consensus of homogeneous conditions in the mesopelagic layer, we observed variability in physico-chemical variables (oxygen, inorganic nutrients, DOC) in the depth profiles. We also identified distinct seasonal indicator prokaryotes inhabiting the DSL, representing between 2% (in spring) to over 10% (in winter) of total 16S rRNA gene sequences. The dominant indicator groups wereAlteromonadalesin winter,Vibrionalesin spring andMicrotrichalesin summer. Using multidimensional scaling analysis, the DSL samples showed divergence from the surrounding mesopelagic layers and were distributed according to depth (47% of variance explained). We identified the sources of diversity that contribute to the DSL by analyzing the detailed profiles of spring, where 3 depths were sampled in the mesopelagic. On average, 7% was related to the epipelagic, 34% was common among the other mesopelagic waters and 38% was attributable to the DSL, with 21% of species being unique to this layer.ConclusionsWe conclude that the mesopelagic physico-chemical properties shape a rather uniform prokaryotic community, but that the 200 m deep DSL contributes uniquely and in a high proportion to the diversity of the Red Sea mesopelagic.
The impact of referring patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy to an epilepsy center for presurgical diagnosis
Authors: Mann Leonhard , Rosenow Felix , Strzelczyk Adam , Hattingen Elke , Willems Laurent M. , Harter Patrick N. , Weber Katharina , Mann Catrin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Epilepsy surgery is an established treatment for drug-resistant focal epilepsy (DRFE) that results in seizure freedom in about 60% of patients. Correctly identifying an epileptogenic lesion in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is challenging but highly relevant since it improves the likelihood of being referred for presurgical diagnosis. The epileptogenic lesion’s etiology directly relates to the surgical intervention’s indication and outcome. Therefore, it is vital to correctly identify epileptogenic lesions and their etiology presurgically.

Methods
We compared the final histopathological diagnoses of all patients with DRFE undergoing epilepsy surgery at our center between 2015 and 2021 with their MRI diagnoses before and after presurgical diagnosis at our epilepsy center, including MRI evaluations by expert epilepsy neuroradiologists. Additionally, we analyzed the outcome of different subgroups.

Results
This study included 132 patients. The discordance between histopathology and MRI diagnoses significantly decreased from 61.3% for non-expert MRI evaluations (NEMRIs) to 22.1% for epilepsy center MRI evaluations (ECMRIs; p < 0.0001). The MRI-sensitivity improved significantly from 68.6% for NEMRIs to 97.7% for ECMRIs (p < 0.0001). Identifying focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) and amygdala dysplasia was the most challenging for both subgroups. 65.5% of patients with negative NEMRI were seizure-free 12 months postoperatively, no patient with negative ECMRI achieved seizure-freedom. The mean duration of epilepsy until surgical intervention was 13.6 years in patients with an initial negative NEMRI and 9.5 years in patients with a recognized lesion in NEMRI.

Conclusions
This study provides evidence that for patients with DRFE—especially those with initial negative findings in a non-expert MRI—an early consultation at an epilepsy center, including an ECMRI, is important for identifying candidates for epilepsy surgery. NEMRI-negative findings preoperatively do not preclude seizure freedom postoperatively. Therefore, patients with DRFE that remain MRI-negative after initial NEMRI should be referred to an epilepsy center for presurgical evaluation. Nonreferral based on NEMRI negativity may harm such patients and delay surgical intervention. However, ECMRI-negative patients have a reduced chance of becoming seizure-free after epilepsy surgery. Further improvements in MRI technique and evaluation are needed and should be directed towards improving sensitivity for FCDs and amygdala dysplasias.
Status epilepticus in patients with genetic generalized epilepsy: a case series study
Authors: Hu Gengyao , Wang Bi , Chen Beibei , Wang Zezhi , Chen Ze , Liu Yonghong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) accounts for nearly one-third of all epilepsies. The feature of status epilepticus (SE) in patients with GGE has been rarely studied. We aimed to determine the electroclinical characteristics of SE in patients with GGE.

Methods
In this retrospective study, nine patients with GGE were enrolled at Xijing Hospital, Xi’an, China from May 2014 to May 2020. SE was confirmed by 24-h video-EEG recording. The demography, clinical manifestation, brain MRI and SE pattern were analyzed.

Results
Of the nine patients in the study, seven were female. The mean age of the patients at the time of inclusion was 16.8 years (range 7–31 years), and the mean age at the onset of epilepsy was 10.9 years (range 6–17 years). The follow-up time ranged from 3 months to 6 years. Myoclonic absence status was identified in four patients showing eyelid myoclonia with absence and one patient showing perioral myoclonia with absences. Myoclonic SE was identified in three patients showing juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Autonomic SE was found in one patient with eyelid myoclonia with absence. SE was terminated by oral midazolam in four patients. In the other five patients, SE terminated spontaneously.

Conclusions
The seizure type of SE in patients with GGE is often consistent with their major symptoms. Oral midazolam may be an option to terminate SE in patients with GGE.
Prognosis of pancreatic cancer with Trousseau syndrome: a systematic review of case reports in Japanese literature
Authors: Wakabayashi Munehiro , Kikuchi Yoshinori , Yamaguchi Kazuhisa , Matsuda Takahisa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTrousseau syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with a risk of poor prognosis. We reviewed the survival time and prognosis of patients with Trousseau syndrome. We identified 40 cases from 28 reports of Trousseau syndrome due to pancreatic cancer. We analyzed 20 cases based on reports providing sufficient information on the stage/location of pancreatic cancer and survival time after Trousseau syndrome. The median survival time was 2.0 months. There was no statistical difference between performance status (PS) 0–1 and PS 4, stages I–III and IV, and pancreatic head and body/tail. However, statistically significant differences were noted between the median survival time of patients who continued treatment for pancreatic cancer even after Trousseau syndrome and those who discontinued treatment (P = 0.005). Although only a small number of cases were analyzed in this study, the results indicated that patients with pancreatic cancer who developed Trousseau syndrome had a poor prognosis, and chemotherapy should be continued, if possible.
Sensory Co-laboring
Authors: Pardo Pedraza Diana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Demining has not been an exclusively human affair. Mine detection dogs have been indispensable in the work of detection and in the slow but essential effort to regain trust in mine-suspected landscapes. Famously renowned for their extraordinary sensory perception, physical strength, and mental traits, they are part of human-nonhuman units training and working together to perceive explosives’ odors. This article considers the role of these units, known in Colombia as binomios caninos, in the strenuous task of mine clearance. Drawing on eighteen months of ethnographic engagement with global and local humanitarian demining efforts in Colombia, it examines detection choreographies and daily interactions, proposing to think of their joint work in terms of sensory co-laboring. Bringing anthropological work on collaboration between worlds, sensory labor, and animal work into dialogue, this composite term foregrounds detection as labor and as a result of human-nonhuman cooperation. It also highlights the asymmetrical field in which these collaborators converge and the divergent desires, affects, and attachments that mobilize their participation in demining. Mine detection is conceptualized as a sensory task through which dogs and humans intra-act, both together and apart. Recognizing this partial connection allows us to rethink how humans and other creatures are ontologically reconstituted and how overlapping histories of warfare and humanitarianism, legacies of animal behavioral practice, and instrumental-affective interactions shape these reconstitutions.
A community-driven approach to enhancing the quality and interpretability of microscopy images
Authors: Jambor Helena Klara 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Scientific publications in the life sciences regularly include image data to display and communicate revelations about cellular structure and function. In 2016, a set of guiding principles known as the ‘FAIR Data Principles’ were put forward to ensure that research data are findable, accessible, interoperable and reproducible. However, challenges still persist regarding the quality, accessibility and interpretability of image data, and how to effectively communicate microscopy data in figures. This Perspective article details a community-driven initiative that aims to promote the accurate and understandable depiction of light microscopy data in publications. The initiative underscores the crucial role of global and diverse scientific communities in advancing the standards in the field of biological images. Additionally, the perspective delves into the historical context of scientific images, in the hope that this look into our past can help ongoing community efforts move forward.
Stabilizing Grand Cooperation via Cost Adjustment: An Inverse Optimization Approach
Authors: Liu Lindong , Qi Xiangtong , Xu Zhou 
Published: December 2023

For an unbalanced cooperative game, its grand coalition can be stabilized by some instruments, such as subsidization and penalization, that impose new cost terms to certain coalitions. In this paper, we study an alternative instrument, referred to as cost adjustment, that does not need to impose any new coalition-specific cost terms. Specifically, our approach is to adjust existing cost coefficients of the game under which (i) the game becomes balanced so that the grand coalition becomes stable, (ii) a desired way of cooperation is optimal for the grand coalition to adopt, and (iii) the total cost to be shared by the grand coalition is within a prescribed range. Focusing on a broad class of cooperative games, known as integer minimization games, we formulate the problem on how to optimize the cost adjustment as a constrained inverse optimization problem. We prove [Formula: see text]-hardness and derive easy-to-check feasibility conditions for the problem. Based on two linear programming reformulations, we develop two solution algorithms. One is a cutting-plane algorithm, which runs in polynomial time when the corresponding separation problem is polynomial time solvable. The other needs to explicitly derive all the inequalities of a linear program, which runs in polynomial time when the linear program contains only a polynomial number of inequalities. We apply our models and solution algorithms to two typical unbalanced games, including a weighted matching game and an uncapacitated facility location game, showing that their optimal cost adjustments can be obtained in polynomial time. History: Accepted by Area Editor Andrea Lodi for Design & Analysis of Algorithms—Discrete. Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72022018 and 72091210]; the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong SAR, China [Grant 16210020]; Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Grant P0032007]; and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Grant 2021454]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0268 .
História e Diplomacia: notícias bibliográficas escritas por Rollie Edward Poppino na Hispanic American Historical Review (1951-1973)
Authors: Pacheco Larissa Penelu Bitencourt 
Published: December 2023

O presente texto tem como objetivo analisar as publicações assinadas por Rollie Edward Poppino (1922-2010), na revista HAHR – Hispanic American Historical Review. O historiador, que pesquisou o Brasil e realizou estudos sobre o interior do país, os sertões e as tradições sociais e que ao longo da década de 1950 e 1960, fez pesquisas sobre a América Latina nos serviços de investigação do Departamento de Estado. Ao mesmo tempo, continuou participando de circuitos de divulgação acadêmica da História do Brasil, em periódicos especializados. Procuramos avaliar como essas publicações se integravam com os temas da diplomacia estadunidense para o continente, versando, entre outros temas, sobre o marxismo e o comunismo, o desenvolvimento, a modernização e a interpretação sobre as ditaduras. Os documentos foram consultados no próprio periódico, através de portais de pesquisa em que se acessou os textos que compõem sua trajetória como historiador do Brasil. A História Intelectual e a abordagem das suas redes de contato foram intercaladas com o apontamento sobre sua biografia, publicações, relações, leituras que realizou e intercâmbios que foram feitos durante sua carreira.
Clinical analysis of 114 cases of bronchiolitis in infants
Authors: Shi Cheng , Wu Meng-Hua , Zuo An , Yang Mi-Mi , Jiang Rong-Rong 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
Bronchiolitis is a common lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children. Severe cases may be accompanied by obvious dyspnea and oxygen saturation decline.
AIM
To summarize the clinical features, standard diagnosis, and treatment of bronchiolitis.
METHODS
This is a retrospective analysis of 114 pediatric patients (74 males, 40 females) who were first diagnosed as having bronchioles at the Department of Pediatrics of Tongling Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2019 to December 2019. The clinical features, imaging features, treatment, and other clinical data were recorded and analyzed.
RESULTS
The age of onset of the disease was mainly from 1 mo to 6 mo (75.4%), and the time to hospital visit was mostly from the 2nd day to the 4th day of the course of the disease (75.4%). Lung imaging examination showed increase in lung texture, fuzzy (93.8%). The main treatment was atomization therapy: Budesonide combined with terbutaline (45.6%) and budesonide combined with salbutamol (38.5%). The average hospitalization time was 7.1 ± 2.4 d, and the overall cure rate was 94.7%. In patients without bacterial infection, the use of antibiotics significantly prolonged the length of hospital stay (7.8 ± 2.5 d vs 5.7 ± 1.8 d) and improved the cure rate (98.3% vs 87.9%, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Infants with bronchiolitis are mainly male and tend to have a good prognosis. However, the unneeded use of antibiotics may prolong the length of hospital stay significantly, which imposes the burden both on the patients and hospital system.
Efficacy of surgical resection and ultra-reduced tension suture combined with superficial radiation in keloid treatment
Authors: Hu Xiao-Ying , Yang Qiao , Guan Xiao-Yu , Li Jin-Ying , Wang Ling-Ling , Li Kun , Zhang Xiao-Tao 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
There are many available treatment options for keloid; however, single treatments are usually less effective. Therefore, more scientifically rational and effective combined treatment methods should be sought to solve the pain associated with keloids.
AIM
To explore the efficacy and safety of surgical resection and ultra-reduced tension suture combined with superficial radiation as keloid treatment.
METHODS
Fifteen keloid patients admitted to Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital from June 2020 to January 2022 were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. All patients underwent a comprehensive treatment approach comprising surgical resection, ultra-reduced tension suture incision, and superficial radiation therapy within 24 h postoperatively. The modified Vancouver Scar Scale (mVSS) and Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) were used to evaluate the treatment effect, whereas the efficacy, adverse effects, and recurrence rate were observed according to the 12-mo follow-up after treatment.
RESULTS
The mVSS and POSAS scores at 1 and 6 mo after combination treatment decreased compared to before treatment (P < 0.001), and the overall response rate was 93.3%. Only one case recurred, yielding a 6.7% recurrence rate. The incidence of local chromour sedimentation rate in 1–3 mo after radiotherapy was 33.3% (5 patients), all subsiding after 6–9 mo, without complications, such as delayed wound healing or dermatitis.
CONCLUSION
Surgical resection, super subtraction sutures, and superficial radiotherapy are treatment methods with short courses, low recurrence rates, and good safety profiles.
High efficiency stimulated rotational Raman scattering of hydrogen pumped by 1064  nm
Authors: Cai Xianglong , Xu Ming , Qian Feiyu , Sun Jinglu , Jia Yuxi , Hu Shu , Gai Baodong , Cai Hongxing , Guo Jingwei 
Published: December 2023

Laser-induced breakdown (LIB) and the competition of other Raman processes are major reasons restricting photon conversion efficiency (PCE) of Raman lasers. In this work, 1064 nm was used as the pump source, and stimulated rotational Raman scattering of hydrogen was investigated. The configuration of zooming out and focusing pump beam was applied, and the dimension of the pump beam at the focus spot increased significantly; consequently, LIB was suppressed, and Raman PCE was improved dramatically. With the help of the Raman gas pressure optimization, vibrational Raman could be fully suppressed, and other competition Raman processes could be well controlled. The optimal PCEs of different rotational Raman lasers could be achieved under different conditions. The maximum PCE of the first rotational Stokes (RS1) was improved to 60.7%, and the maximum energy of RS1 reached 204.5 mJ. With the increment of hydrogen pressure, the maximum PCE of the second rotational Stokes (RS2) was improved to 28.2%, and the maximum energy of RS2 reached 123.9 mJ. Furthermore, a 2.1 µm Raman laser was also generated, the maximum PCE of 2.1 µm reached 44.8%, and its pulse energy reached 106.1 mJ.