bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reasons for conflicts between family members of patients with COVID-19 and medical staff: A qualitative report
Authors: Abdulah Deldar Morad , Mirza Abbas Muhammed Sadiq , Hassan Zeravan Asaad 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Family caregivers who assume caregiving roles for their loved ones may experience conflict with medical staff. Therefore, our study aimed to explore the reasons behind the conflicts that have occurred between the companions of admitted coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients and medical staff at COVID-19 hospitals.

Methods:
This qualitative study included 56 family members of COVID-19 patients who faced conflicts with medical staff in Duhok City, Kurdistan Region.

Results:
The mean ages of the patients and their family members were 58.77 and 32.20 years, respectively. The patients were admitted for a median duration of 5 days (1–40 days). Most caregivers were family members (87.50%), followed by close friends (8.93%) and friends (3.57%). Most family members reported that both nurses and doctors exhibited inappropriate behavior toward them when it came to fulfilling requests for their patients. Moreover, most reported that doctors did not provide them with the necessary information about the medicines and patients’ conditions and that nurses did not administer medications correctly or on time. A few family members reported that doctors were unavailable when needed and rarely visited the patients.

Conclusion:
The reasons for conflicts between family members and medical staff were identified as follows: (1) inappropriate behaviors of nurses and clinicians, (2) carelessness in administering medicines correctly and in a timely manner, (3) lack of cooperation from medical staff, (4) failure to provide information about medicines and patients, and (5) unavailability of medical staff.
Our Experience of Managing Central Airway Tumors: Anesthesia Perspectives
Authors: Madathil Thushara , Poduval Devika , Jose Tony , Panidapu Nagarjuna , Jose Don , Joseph Tinku , Neema Praveen Kumar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Adult patients with central airway tumors commonly present with dyspnea on exertion. These patients may remain asymptomatic until more than half of the airway diameter is obliterated. Anesthesia for debulking a central airway tumor is challenging. Anesthetic management should include a strategy for oxygenation and ventilation, a plan for the same if tumor bleeding aggravates airway obstruction and a plan to deal with acute emergencies like pneumothorax and cardiac arrest. Patients with airway tumors occupying < 50% airway diameter and comfortable during routine activities can be managed using relaxant anesthesia and rigid bronchoscopy for debulking. Airway tumors with >75% airway lumen compromise are the sickest and may present in respiratory failure. We found that in these patients, maintaining spontaneous ventilation, avoidance of general anesthesia, and muscle relaxation are the keys to management. General anesthesia and muscle relaxants decreases / abolishes negative intrapleural pressure, which may result in dynamic hyperinflation and pneumothorax in presence of airway obstruction. In this subset, we routinely use i-gel (sizes 4 and 5) as an airway conduit for debulking. We prefer i-gel® (Intersurgical Ltd, UK) over rigid bronchoscopy as it requires less sedation. To allow this, it is prudent to ensure excellent airway anesthesia prior to i-gel placement using airway blocks, topical anesthetics, and titrated doses of sedation. We manage 20–30 cases of central airway tumors for debulking or stenting every year and share our experience of managing four cases depicting a spectrum of airway and review the literature on anesthetic management of central airway tumors.
Assessment of factor-VIII levels in thawed fresh frozen plasma stored at 2°C–6°C for 5 days
Authors: Mathew Ashly Monson , Shah Sangita D. , Bhatnagar Nidhi , Shah Mamta , Patel Tarak 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Plasma is the cell-free part of blood prepared either from whole blood or by plasmapheresis. Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) must be stored at –18°C or colder and has a shelf life of 12 months. In routine practice, after thawing, FFP is stored for 24 h at 1°C–6°C if not transfused, and subsequently, it is discarded, leading to the wastage of valuable resources. This study measured the changes of coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) activities over 5 days in thawed FFP.

AIMS:
The objective of the study was to assess FVIII levels in thawed FFP immediately after thawing and after storage at 2°C–6°C for 24 h, 72 h, and 120 h and thereby to assess whether thawed FFP stored for 5 days can be considered to ameliorate coagulation factor deficiencies in affected patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
100 blood donors, 25 each from A, B, AB, and O blood groups were randomly selected. Coagulation test parameters, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and FVIII:C, were measured at 0, 24, 72, and 120 h using an ACL ELITE PRO coagulometer (Instrumentation Laboratory, USA). Measurements of coagulation factors were conducted using one-stage clotting factor assays. Data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance and paired t-test.

RESULTS:
The average FVIII activity immediately after thawing (0 h) was 137.1%. FVIII activities were reduced significantly (P < 0.05) from 0 h to 120 h of storage at 2°C–6°C. A maximum decrease was seen in the first 24 h after thawing. The average FVIII activity at 120 h was 66.75%.

CONCLUSIONS:
Coagulation FVIII activities in thawed FFP on Day 5 were still sufficient to treat bleeding patients as the activities were more than 30%. Therefore, thawed FFP stored for 5 days can be considered for use in needy patients in emergency cases as it can ensure immediate availability as well as the reduction in wastage. However, further research and clinical trials are necessary to confirm these findings.
Allergic reaction due to platelet transfusion in antenatal patients: A case series with a review of literature
Authors: Kolahalam Venkata Sai Kiran , Bhatnagar Nidhi , Shah Mamta C. , Shah Sangita D. , Kucha Shailesh P. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:
Thrombocytopenia is a common condition in antenatal patients that may require platelet transfusion to prevent or treat bleeding. However, platelet transfusion can cause adverse reactions, such as allergic reactions, which can range from mild urticaria to severe anaphylaxis, signifying the diversity of immune responses. The present case series describes the clinical scenarios of such antenatal patients who experienced allergic reactions after platelet transfusion and explores the possible reasons, management, and prevention of such responses.

METHODS:
Data from medical records of three antenatal patients who received platelet transfusion at our hospital between July 2022 and June 2023 and developed allergic reactions within 24 h of transfusion was collected, which included their demographic characteristics, clinical features, laboratory tests, treatment, and outcomes.

RESULTS:
The three patients were aged 23, 25, and 28 years and presented with active labor. They had thrombocytopenia due to different causes: immune thrombocytopenia and postpartum hemorrhage. They received platelet transfusions for the prevention or treatment of bleeding. Within 24 h of transfusion, they developed allergic reactions characterized by urticaria, pruritus, angioedema, and hypotension. They were treated with antihistamines, corticosteroids, and fluids and the patients responded to the treatment. The factors that triggered the allergic reactions were not determined, but possible mechanisms include immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated hypersensitivity, non-IgE-mediated anaphylactoid reactions, plasma protein-mediated allergic reactions, ABO-incompatible platelet transfusion, and cytokine-mediated reactions.

CONCLUSION:
Allergic reactions are a potential complication of platelet transfusion in antenatal patients and can be life-threatening. Clinicians should be alert to the signs and symptoms of allergic reactions and be ready to treat them quickly. The origin of allergic reactions is often unclear, but premedication, leukoreduction, and washing of platelets may reduce the risk of such reactions.
Efficacy of plerixafor in CD34+ stem cell mobilization in healthy pediatric stem cell donors
Authors: Bharadwaj Rishab , Kumar Vimal , Sachan Deepti , Krishna Deepthi , Munirathnam Deenadayalan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Efficient stem cell collection from pediatric donors is a common challenge for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT). The addition of plerixafor, a CXCR4 antagonist to standard stem cell mobilization regimens has shown success. We describe our experience with the usage of a single dose of plerixafor in addition to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in healthy pediatric stem cell donors for patients undergoing HSCT.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A retrospective review of the safety and efficacy of plerixafor, used in pediatric stem cell donors for aiding stem cell mobilization, was done. Data from 14 pediatric donors who received plerixafor in addition to standard G-CSF were studied.

RESULTS:
Plerixafor was well tolerated by all donors with no major adverse effects. All donors showed robust peripheral blood stem cell mobilization, enabling an adequate stem cell collection with single apheresis, even in scenarios with an unfavorable donor/patient body weight ratio.

CONCLUSION:
The use of plerixafor can be encouraged in pediatric donors to optimize apheresis outcomes.
Effectiveness and safety of therapeutic plasma exchange in neurological disorders; measuring the response to treatment using Modified Rankin Scale – A single-center study
Authors: Gupta Shubham , Tiwari Aseem Kumar , Aggarwal Geet , Bhardwaj Gunjan , Pawar Samruddhi , Goyal Vinay , Garg Arun , Sehgal Jyoti 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:
Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is commonly used as a treatment modality in varying neurological disorders. Response to TPE in neurological disorders is usually noted in “subjective” terms. We, measured response to treatment, objectively, using Modified Rankin Scale (MRS).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was an observational prospective study in patients diagnosed with autoimmune neurological disorders (AND) who underwent TPE, in addition to intravenous immunoglobulin, and/or prednisolone. This study was carried out at a tertiary care center. Demographic data, procedure details including adverse reactions, and clinical responses were collated. Clinical response was assessed by applying MRS, in different neurological disorders, before (pre-TPE) and after TPE (post-TPE). Pre- and post-TPE clinical conditions were compared using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test.

RESULTS:
Fifty-three patients were included, with 15 females and 38 males, who had a median age of 48 years. Seven different AND were; myasthenia gravis (n = 11), Guillain–Barre syndrome (n = 18), neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorders (n = 6); chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (n = 5); autoimmune encephalitis (n = 6); transverse myelitis (n = 6); and multiple sclerosis (n = 1). Patients received a median of 5 cycles of TPE and a mean 1.5 plasma volume was exchanged. The improvement in the MRS scale was significant when post-TPE scores were compared with pre-TPE scores. The most common adverse reaction was shivering (n = 5; 1.85%), which was managed conservatively.

CONCLUSION:
TPE was shown to be an effective and safe treatment modality in providing relief to patients with neurological disorders.
The effect of bleaching agent on the compressive strength of orthodontic thermoplastic retainer materials
Authors: Ehteshami Ailin , Omidi Saina , Ghasemi Maede 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
There is an increasing desire for teeth bleching after orthodontic treatment. Therefor, this study aims to evaluate the effect of carbamide peroxide 15% and thermocycling on the compressive strength of polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) thermoplastic retainer material.

Materials and Methods:
In this in vitro study, forty samples of PETG material were thermoformed over a plastic template (10 mm × 8 mm × 2 mm). The samples were divided into four groups, with ten samples in each group. Group I served as the control, Group II was exposed to carbamide peroxide 15% (5 h daily for 14 days), Group III underwent thermocycling (5000 times), and Group IV underwent thermocycling (5000 times) followed by exposure to carbamide peroxide 15% (5 h daily for 14 days). The compressive strength of the groups was then evaluated using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD tests for statistical analysis. The significance level was set to 0.05.

Results:
The analysis showed a significant difference among the four groups. The compressive strength of all groups significantly decreased compared to the control group. Group II exhibited a significant decrease compared to Group III (P = 0.003). However, there was no significant difference between Group II and Group IV (P = 0.191). In addition, there was no significant difference observed between Group III and Group IV (P = 0.308). Group II had the lowest compressive strength (163.9 Mpa).

Conclusion:
It is not recommended to use a thermoplastic retainer as a bleaching tray during the initial phase of retention. However, since there were no further harmful effects of bleaching agents observed after thermocycling, it is possible to recommend the use of a thermoplastic retainer as a bleaching tray toward the end of the retention phase.
Discharge needs among women with mastectomy: a suggested nursing care plan
Authors: Ibrahim Abd Elmohsen Mostafa Basma , El kader Mohamed Labiba A. , Abd Elaziz Salwa H. , El- Marakby Hamdy H. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer for women worldwide. Mastectomy is widely used in the surgical management of breast cancer. It affects women emotionally, psychologically, spiritually, and physically. Identification of the patients needs after mastectomy can help them cope with their condition as well as help nurses develop a guided discharge care plan.

Aim
To determine discharge needs among women with mastectomy and establish suggested nursing care plans.

Design
A descriptive exploratory research design was used in the study.

Setting
The study was conducted at the surgical department in the breast cancer hospital at Eltagamoah El-awal City subordinate to the National Cancer Institute affiliated with Cairo University, Egypt.

Sample
A purposive sample of 100 adult women with breast cancer who performed a Modified Radical Mastectomy.

Tools
Two tools were utilized to collect data: (1) personal and medical background data form. (2) adapted Toronto Informational Needs Questionnaire of Breast Cancer.

Results
The highest informational needs among studied women with mastectomy prior discharge were spiritual needs with a mean percentage (88.8%), followed by physical needs (87.8%), then treatment and complications with a mean percentage (of 87.2%).

Conclusion
Based on the results of the study, the studied women with mastectomy before discharge had informational needs in this order; spiritual, physical, treatment and complications, disease, and informational needs about investigation and tests, while the least dimension was psychosocial needs.

Recommendation
A longitudinal study is recommended to determine the long-term effect of unmet needs especially before hospital discharge after mastectomy.
Long-term clinical outcomes of isolated orbital floor fracture reconstruction using nonresorbable implants
Authors: Abd El Ghafar Ayman E , Shawky Nashaat , Shaheen Mahrous Hassan , Aziz Khalid Abdel , Diab Mostafa Mohamed 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
There are no universally established guidelines for material selection in orbital wall fracture reconstruction. With an increasing preference for permanent implants, this study aimed to compare the long-term clinical outcomes of three different non-resorbable materials in reconstructing isolated orbital floor fractures.

Design:
A retrospective, interventional comparative study.

Methods:
The medical records of patients with unilateral pure orbital floor fractures who underwent orbital reconstruction using non-resorbable alloplastic implants at two tertiary referral centers between January 2017 to December 2021 were reviewed. Cases with non-pure orbital floor blowout fractures and/or <2 years of follow-up were excluded. Patients were separated into three groups according to the implant material type: porous polyethylene (PPE) sheet, polypropylene (PP) mesh, and titanium (Ti) mesh. These groups were then retrospectively analyzed for clinical outcomes, implant-related complications, and patient’s satisfaction.

Results:
Sixty-six patients met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-four patients (36.36%) received PPE sheets, 20 patients (30.3%) had PP mesh, and 22 patients (33.33%) received Ti mesh. At the 6-month postoperative visit, nine patients (40.9%) in the Ti mesh group experienced postoperative diplopia compared to six patients (30.0%) in the PP group and one patient (4.2%) in the PPE group (P < 0.047). Following the initial 6-month postoperative period, the PP group had more frequent postoperative enophthalmos compared to the other 2 groups. The total ocular motility restriction score was significantly lower in the Ti mesh group compared to the other 2 groups at all follow-up visits. Patient’s satisfaction was significantly higher in the PPE group (median = 10, IQR = 1) compared to the PP (median = 8.5, IQR = 3) and Ti groups (median = 8, IQR = 3), P < 0.001. Reoperation was needed in seven patients (31.8%) in the Ti group, two patients (10%) in the PP group, and none in the PPE group.

Conclusions:
The use of PPE orbital implants for the repair of isolated orbital floor fracture provides better long-term clinical outcomes compared to PP or Ti mesh and reduces the need for reoperation across all fracture sizes. Ti mesh has been associated with a higher frequency of unfavorable clinical outcomes and implant removal.
Epidemiological profile and clinical characteristics of ocular and periocular tumors in North and Central India
Authors: Gupta Chhavi , Patidar Narendra , Gaikwad Himanshu , Mishra Mihir , Das Sima 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
To describe the epidemiological profile and clinical characteristics of ocular and periocular tumors in patients presenting to three tertiary care referral centers in North and Central India.

Methods:
Hospital-based consortium study.

Settings and Design:
Retrospective, descriptive, observational study.

Results:
A total of 3184 patients were diagnosed with 3557 ocular and periocular tumors over 11 years from 2010 to 2021. Of these, 2395 (67.33%) were benign, 84 (2.36%) were premalignant, and 1078 (30.30%) were malignant. The most common location was the ocular surface (n = 1294, 37.09%), followed by the eyelid (n = 1185, 33.97%), intraocular (n = 624, 17.88%), and orbit (n = 454, 13.01%). The most common tumors were retinoblastoma (n = 483, 13.57%), ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) (n = 301, 8.46%), and dermoid cyst (n = 167, 4.69%). In the pediatric age group, retinoblastoma was the most common tumor (n = 483, 13.57%), while in adults, it was OSSN (n = 301, 8.46%). The stage at presentation for malignant tumors was divided into in-situ (57.14%), local spread (8.16%), and metastasis (32.83%). For specific tumor locations, the stages were 78.83%, 17.51%, and 2.18%, respectively, for eyelid tumors; 51.76%, 27.05%, and 17.64%, respectively, for orbital tumors; 88.37%, 5.81%, and 5.19%, respectively for ocular surface tumors; and 35.71%, 14.15%, and 50.28%, respectively, for intraocular tumors.

Conclusions:
Identifying the epidemiological characteristics of ocular and periocular tumors will aid in early diagnosis and timely intervention. Intraocular tumors showed delayed diagnosis, advanced stages at presentation, and required patients to travel longer distances for treatment, indicating the need for strengthened diagnostic and treatment facilities to improve access to care.
Beliefs about and adherence to statin therapy among hyperlipidemic patients in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Magadm Rania , Ghamri Ranya 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: To assess patients' beliefs about the necessity and safety of statins and their impact on adherence in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 150 hyperlipidemic patients undergoing statin therapy for at least six months. A structured questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographic data, statin adherence and beliefs about statin necessity and safety using a 5-level Likert scale.Results: Over 40 % of participants were nonadherent by missing seven or more doses in the past month, 26.7 % often forgot medication when traveling and 45.3 % perceived themselves as noncompliant. The main noncompliance reasons were forgetfulness (28.0 %), perceived cholesterol control (14.7 %) and side effects like muscle aches (10.3 %). Less than 25 % agreed on statin necessity for health, with 45.0 % unsure. Higher belief scores correlated with longer statin use and fewer missed doses. About 27.0 % were concerned about adverse effects, but concerns showed no consistent effect on adherence.Conclusion: Hyperlipidemic patients in Jeddah exhibit inadequate adherence to statin therapy, primarily due to forgetfulness, concerns about transporting medication and varying beliefs regarding the necessity and potential adverse effects of statins. These findings underscore the critical need for targeted educational interventions and enhancement of clinical practices.
Preserving, improving and rediscovering: The role of the Research Centre of Viticulture and Enology in safeguarding grapevine genetic resources in Italy
Authors: Palombi Maria Antonietta , Alba Vittorio , Ammoniaci Marco , Bevilacqua Noemi , Caputo Angelo Raffaele , Carraro Roberto , Favale Stefano , Garavelloni Simone , Gardiman Massimo , Morassut Massimo , Niero Marina , Nuti Roberto , Pipitone Giuseppina , Puccioni Sergio , Zombardo Alessandra 
Published: January 2025

Grapevine is one the most cultivated species worldwide, with 8,000 estimated varieties. Protecting this biodiversity is of utmost importance, especially in countries historically devoted to viticulture, such as Italy. One of the richest Italian ampelographic collections, spread in different regions from the north to the south of the peninsula, is owned and managed by the Research Centre of Viticulture and Enology (CREA-VE). Vitis vinifera L., but also other species of the Vitis genus. Since 2004, the Italian Ministry of Agriculture, Food Sovereignty and Forestry has financed a specific programme named ‘Risorse genetiche vegetali – Trattato FAO (RGV-FAO)’ [Plant Genetic Resources – FAO Treaty] to collect, conserve, characterize and document plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. This paper presents the processes undertaken to enhance the collection, characterize its accessions, preserve and foster the genetic diversity and adaptability in grapevines, with particular emphasis on how this material is managed, evaluated and valorized in terms of different perspectives and practical uses.