bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of depression, anxiety and suicidal ideas and associated factors, in particular sensory impairments, in a population of Bashkortostan in Russia
Authors: Bikbov Mukharram M. , Gilmanshin Timur R. , Kazakbaeva Gyulli M. , Iakupova Ellina M. , Panda-Jonas Songhomitra , Zainullin Rinat M. , Fakhretdinova Albina A. , Tuliakova Azaliia M. , Gilemzianova Leisan I. , Khakimov Dinar A. , Miniazeva Liana A. , Jonas Jost B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo assess prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety and suicidal ideas in populations from Russia, we conducted in rural and urban regions in Bashkortostan/Russia two population-based studies (Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS), performed from 2015 to 2017; Ural Very Old Study (UVOS), performed from 2017 to 2020) which included participants aged 40 + years and 85 + years, respectively. Depression was assessed using the questionnaire of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Scoresheet, and anxiety was examined applying the State Trait Inventory Anxiety Test. Suicidal ideas were explored by the question whether suicide had previously been thought of or attempted (and if yes, for what reasons). In the statistical analysis we assessed the mean of the main outcome parameter (depression score and anxiety score) and searched for associations between these parameters and other parameters in univariable and multivariable regression analyses. In the UEMS with 5893 individuals (age: 59.0 ± 10.7 years; range 40–94 years), higher depression score and anxiety score were associated (multivariable analysis) with more marked hearing loss (beta: 0.07; P < 0.001, and beta: 0.07; P < 0.0012, respectively) and worse visual acuity (beta: 0.04; P = 0.02; and beta: 0.03; P = 0.03, resp.), in addition to female sex, Russian ethnicity, lower educational level, less alcohol consumption, weaker hand grip strength, less physical activity, and higher prevalence of dry eye disease. Attempted suicide was reported by 88 (1.5%; 95% CI 1.2, 1.8) participants. Having thought of suicide within the last 6 months was reported by 63 (1.1%) individuals. Out of 1491 UVOS participants (age: 88.2 ± 2.8 years; range 85–100 years) with a mean depression score of 20.0 ± 10.3 (median 18; range 0–58), 916 (61.4%; 95% CI 59.0, 63.9) fulfilled the definition of depression (depressions core ≥ 16). Higher depression score and higher anxiety score correlated (multivariable analysis) with higher hearing loss score (beta: 0.07; P = 0.02, and beta: 0.08; P = 0.009, resp.) and worse visual acuity (beta: 0.13; P < 0.001, and beta: 0.09; P = 0.007, resp.), in addition to female sex, urban region, less physical activity, less fruit intake, and lower cognitive function. Overall, 15 (1.0%; 95% CI 0.50, 1.50) individuals had attempted or thought of suicide. In conclusion, the findings suggest that besides female sex, lower level of education and lower cognitive function, it was sensory impairment, namely vision and hearing impairment, which belonged to the determinants of depression and anxiety in these populations from Russia.
Biocatalytic characterization of an alcohol dehydrogenase variant deduced from Lactobacillus kefir in asymmetric hydrogen transfer
Authors: Rudzka Aleksandra , Zdun Beata , Antos Natalia , Montero Lia Martínez , Reiter Tamara , Kroutil Wolfgang , Borowiecki Paweł 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHydrogen transfer biocatalysts to prepare optically pure alcohols are in need, especially when it comes to sterically demanding ketones, whereof the bioreduced products are either essential precursors of pharmaceutically relevant compounds or constitute APIs themselves. In this study, we report on the biocatalytic potential of an anti-Prelog (R)-specific Lactobacillus kefir ADH variant (Lk-ADH-E145F-F147L-Y190C, named Lk-ADH Prince) employed as E. coli/ADH whole-cell biocatalyst and its characterization for stereoselective reduction of prochiral carbonyl substrates. Key enzymatic reaction parameters, including the reaction medium, evaluation of cofactor-dependency, organic co-solvent tolerance, and substrate loading, were determined employing the drug pentoxifylline as a model prochiral ketone. Furthermore, to tap the substrate scope of Lk-ADH Prince in hydrogen transfer reactions, a broad range of 34 carbonylic derivatives was screened. Our data demonstrate that E. coli/Lk-ADH Prince exhibits activity toward a variety of structurally different ketones, furnishing optically active alcohol products at the high conversion of 65–99.9% and in moderate-to-high isolated yields (38–91%) with excellent anti-Prelog (R)-stereoselectivity (up to >99% ee) at substrate concentrations up to 100 mM.
Experimental phasing opportunities for macromolecular crystallography at very long wavelengths
Authors: El Omari Kamel , Duman Ramona , Mykhaylyk Vitaliy , Orr Christian M. , Latimer-Smith Merlyn , Winter Graeme , Grama Vinay , Qu Feng , Bountra Kiran , Kwong Hok Sau , Romano Maria , Reis Rosana I. , Vogeley Lutz , Vecchia Luca , Owen C. David , Wittmann Sina , Renner Max , Senda Miki , Matsugaki Naohiro , Kawano Yoshiaki , Bowden Thomas A. , Moraes Isabel , Grimes Jonathan M. , Mancini Erika J. , Walsh Martin A. , Guzzo Cristiane R. , Owens Raymond J. , Jones E. Yvonne , Brown David G. , Stuart Dave I. , Beis Konstantinos , Wagner Armin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDespite recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy and artificial intelligence-based model predictions, a significant fraction of structure determinations by macromolecular crystallography still requires experimental phasing, usually by means of single-wavelength anomalous diffraction (SAD) techniques. Most synchrotron beamlines provide highly brilliant beams of X-rays of between 0.7 and 2 Å wavelength. Use of longer wavelengths to access the absorption edges of biologically important lighter atoms such as calcium, potassium, chlorine, sulfur and phosphorus for native-SAD phasing is attractive but technically highly challenging. The long-wavelength beamline I23 at Diamond Light Source overcomes these limitations and extends the accessible wavelength range to λ = 5.9 Å. Here we report 22 macromolecular structures solved in this extended wavelength range, using anomalous scattering from a range of elements which demonstrate the routine feasibility of lighter atom phasing. We suggest that, in light of its advantages, long-wavelength crystallography is a compelling option for experimental phasing.
Feedback From Automatic Speech Recognition to Elicit Clear Speech in Healthy Speakers
Authors: Gutz Sarah E. , Maffei Marc F. , Green Jordan R. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
This study assessed the effectiveness of feedback generated by automatic speech recognition (ASR) for eliciting clear speech from young, healthy individuals. As a preliminary step toward exploring a novel method for eliciting clear speech in patients with dysarthria, we investigated the effects of ASR feedback in healthy controls. If successful, ASR feedback has the potential to facilitate independent, at-home clear speech practice.

Method:
Twenty-three healthy control speakers (ages 23–40 years) read sentences aloud in three speaking modes: Habitual, Clear (over-enunciated), and in response to ASR feedback (ASR). In the ASR condition, we used Mozilla DeepSpeech to transcribe speech samples and provide participants with a value indicating the accuracy of the ASR's transcription. For speakers who achieved sufficiently high ASR accuracy, noise was added to their speech at a participant-specific signal-to-noise ratio to ensure that each participant had to over-enunciate to achieve high ASR accuracy.

Results:
Compared to habitual speech, speech produced in the ASR and Clear conditions was clearer, as rated by speech-language pathologists, and more intelligible, per speech-language pathologist transcriptions. Speech in the Clear and ASR conditions aligned on several acoustic measures, particularly those associated with increased vowel distinctiveness and decreased speaking rate. However, ASR accuracy, intelligibility, and clarity were each correlated with different speech features, which may have implications for how people change their speech for ASR feedback.

Conclusions:
ASR successfully elicited outcomes similar to clear speech in healthy speakers. Future work should investigate its efficacy in eliciting clear speech in people with dysarthria.
Oxygen Consumption Plateauing: A Better Method of Achieving Optimum Perfusion
Authors: Mandl J.P. , Motley J. R. 
Published: October 2023

A method of conducting perfusion, by which the patient’s oxygen consumption (V̇O2) is always being maximized, is presented. The endpoint of good perfusion is argued to occur when V̇O2 plateaus despite further increases in cardiac index, haemoglobin concentration, arterial oxygen delivery, or pharmacological intervention. Thus, this method quickly assesses the patient’s varying oxygen demands, reduces metabolic acidosis, and enhances oxygen distribution.
Determination of V̇O2 was done with in-line oxygen sensors (Critikon) and a handheld programmable calculator (Texas Instruments Model 59). No nomograms or tables are necessary and the time required is less than 80 seconds.
Exemplary cases demonstrate the value, cost effectiveness, and simplicity of the V̇O2 plateauing method. The dependence upon conventionally used perfusion parameters such as venous saturations, flows, pressures, and urinary output are refuted.
Kardiovaskuläre Effektivität und Sicherheit neuer Antidiabetika – Relevanz der Studiendaten für die deutsche Versorgungsrealität bezüglich Alters- und Risikostruktur
Authors: Klinge Andreas , Müller Ulrich A. , Mühlbauer Bernd 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungEine evidenzbasierte ärztliche Versorgung beruht auf den Ergebnissen von interventionellen klinischen Prüfungen. Seit Bekanntwerden des negativen Nutzen-Risiko-Verhältnisses der Thiazolidindione bei Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes mellitus (DM-2) ist die Durchführung von Studien mit patientenrelevanten kardiovaskulären Endpunkten (CVOT) in Ergänzung zu den typischen Zulassungsstudien Standard geworden. In der Praxis stellt sich die Frage, ob die Rahmenbedingungen solcher CVOT die Versorgungsrealität abbilden, inwieweit also daraus abgeleitete therapeutische Empfehlungen auf den aktuellen Einzelfall mit DM-2 übertragbar sind.Insbesondere Lebensalter und Komorbiditäten beeinflussen essenziell das individuelle kardiovaskuläre Risiko von DM-2-Patienten und damit das Ausmaß der zu erreichenden Unterschiede in CVOT. Daher wurden hinsichtlich dieser beiden Aspekte in der vorliegenden Arbeit die Patientenkollektive der aktuellen kardiovaskulären CVOT zu Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP-1)-Analoga und SGLT2-Inhibitoren mit epidemiologischen Daten des deutschen DM-2 – Versorgungsalltags verglichen.Hauptsächlich zeigten sich zwei relevante Ergebnisse. Bei den Patienten der CVOT bestand bei Studieneinschluss wesentlich häufiger eine kardiovaskuläre Erkrankung als in der epidemiologisch erfassten Gesamtpopulation der DM-2-Patienten in Deutschland (40–100 % vs. 18 %). Darüber hinaus waren die in die Studien eingeschlossenen Patienten deutlich jünger als die Patienten im hausärztlichen Versorgungsalltag (63,6 vs. 68,8 Jahre).Als Schlussfolgerung ergibt sich, dass für einen relevanten Teil der in Deutschland in der Versorgungsebene 1 betreuten DM-2-Patienten die Endpunktergebnisse der CVOT zu antidiabetischen Wirkstoffen seit 2008 nicht ohne Einschränkung übertragbar sind. Für den vorrangigen Einsatz von SGLT2-Inhibitoren oder GLP1-Analoga besteht belastbare externe Evidenz derzeit nur für Patienten, die den Einschlusskriterien der Studien entsprechen. Dies sind Patienten bis etwa Mitte der 7. Lebensdekade mit bereits manifester kardiovaskulärer Erkrankung.
On the Use of Artificial Intelligence for Dosimetry of Radiopharmaceutical Therapies
Authors: Brosch-Lenz Julia Franziska , Delker Astrid , Schmidt Fabian , Tran-Gia Johannes 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRoutine clinical dosimetry along with radiopharmaceutical therapies is key for future treatment personalization. However, dosimetry is considered complex and time-consuming with various challenges amongst the required steps within the dosimetry workflow. The general workflow for image-based dosimetry consists of quantitative imaging, the segmentation of organs and tumors, fitting of the time-activity-curves, and the conversion to absorbed dose. This work reviews the potential and advantages of the use of artificial intelligence to improve speed and accuracy of every single step of the dosimetry workflow.
Bibliometric analysis of willingness to communicate in the English as a second language (ESL) context
Authors: Ma Huiling , Ismail Lilliati , Noordin Nooreen , Razali Abu Bakar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWillingness to communicate (WTC) is an individual’s predisposition to communicate with a person or persons at a specific time. Over the past century, there has been a dramatic increase in WTC research. This study aims to offer an overview of the existing literature regarding WTC from 1900 to 2022 and provide a bibliometric and visual analysis of the research status as well as the development trend of this research field. A total of 428 journal articles were retrieved for the purpose of conducting bibliometric research. The data for this study were collected from the Web of Science (WOS). The results established the development status of the field of WTC, the annual scientific production and growth rate, the thematic evolution and trend topic, co-citation, and coupling between authors, sources, and countries. The bibliometric analysis showed that: (1) In the past decades, research in WTC has continued to soar and annual publications can be divided into three stages, which are an initial stage, a slow development stage, and a rapid expansion stage. It has been discussed to a wider extent mainly within the fields of education and linguistics; (2) of the 38 countries that the articles were exported from, the United States topped the list with the most publications, and Canada received the most citations. China has the most inter-country collaboration compared to other countries, which is at the center of international cooperation. China’s main cooperation countries were Iran, Japan, Canada, and Australia. The top author in the WTC field with the most production and impact is MacIntyre, PD, while System was the most popular journal. (3) By means of keyword analysis, “second language” was the most frequent keyword, followed by “model” and then “attitude”. Based on the results of the thematic evolution analysis, the research themes for 2021 to 2022 are “model”, “competence”, “Chinese”, “abroad”, “teachers”. The findings may be beneficial to L2 teachers and learners better to understand the role of WTC in language study. Researchers in this field might find the study useful for finding new research directions, relevant sources, and opportunities for collaboration.
Unraveling the effects of a rehabilitation program on the socioeconomic wellbeing of beggars and begging motivation: evidence from an urban area of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md. Karimul , Nasrin Nishad , Naim Jannatul , Ela Mahfuza Zaman , Rahman Mohammad Mizanur , Alam Abu Syed Md. Monjur , Islam Md Nazrul , Hossain Md. Tanvir 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBeggars have largely been leading miserable lives in the lower stratum of society since time immemorial. Government or private-led policies are rarely undertaken to improve the lives of this unfortunate societal segment. The local governments in divisional cities of Bangladesh have adopted a series of interventions aimed at improving the socioeconomic wellbeing of beggars and equipping them with alternative livelihood management options. We evaluated the effectiveness of this intervention (the rehabilitation of beggars) in the Khulna City Corporation (KCC) area, Bangladesh; we gathered a sample of 385 beggars by employing the non-equivalent group design and instrumental variable regression method. The results provide an interesting inference, showing that the rehabilitation program seemingly has no far-reaching significant impact on the socioeconomic wellbeing of the beggars. To be precise, the program provides evidence of no significant differences in earnings, expenditure, food security, or personal wellbeing between the beneficiary and the non-beneficiary group of beggars. In addition, the program fails to deter beggars from continuing to beg, as the result shows no significant association between taking part in the program and begging demotivation. Consequently, the beggars are continuing begging, which indicates a critical policy failure on the part of both government and implementation bodies. Therefore, the study implicitly recommends on-track monitoring and timely evaluation of such interventions so that immediate action can be taken beforehand to empower beggars and move them up the social ladder both socially and economically.
Dialogic scientific gatherings with mothers and teachers from a primary school: raising awareness about the impact of gender and education research
Authors: Ruiz-Eugenio Laura , Munte-Pascual Ariadna , Khalfaoui Andrea , Serradell Olga 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSocial science unveils new ways of engaging communities in science. However, it has not yet been analysed how dialogic scientific gatherings (DSGs), a community science action, involve communities to benefit from the research on two sustainable development goals: quality education and gender equality. Within the framework of the EU H2020-funded project “ALLINTERACT Widening and diversifying citizen engagement in science” (Flecha and ALLINTERACT Consortium, 2020), the DSGs on evidence in preventing violence and gender violence through education have been replicated to engage a group of 10 mothers from a low-middle socioeconomic background whose children attend the same neighbourhood school and two teachers. The participants’ perception of the DSGs’ replicability has been studied through focus groups. The first one was a pretest FG aimed at collecting the previous perceptions of the participants about their awareness of the scientific research benefits and impact and their previous engagement in science. The second round was a posttest FG after participating in the DSGs, which consisted of 11 sessions in which participants selected scientific articles to read and discuss together. The posttest FG explores changes in participants’ perception regarding the topics discussed in the first round and analyses how the replicability of the DSGs aimed at community participation in science developed. The main findings show that after participating in the DSGs, participants reported more awareness related to scientific research benefits and impact, increased involvement in science, greater understanding of the social impact of scientific evidence in preventing violence and gender violence through education, and more engagement in social issues for the improvement of their community. The implications for the replicability of DSGs as community science action are as follows: 1) The topics to be read must be based on the participants’ interests, and 2) the dialogical functioning criteria must be ensured.
WEPP interrill erodibility for clay soils in the crop lands of Northern NSW and Southern Queensland, Australia
Authors: Mark Silburn D. , Bosomworth Bronwyn 
Published: October 2023

Context Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) soil erosion model parameters are rare for cultivated cropping soils in Australia. Aims Measure WEPP interrill erodibility (Ki) for cropping soils. Methods Plots were 50% side-slopes of row-crop furrows. Rainfall was applied for 30 min at 107 mm h−1 under a rainfall simulator, then at higher and lower rainfall intensities for 10 or 6 min. Several of these rainfall sequences were performed with drying between (events). Runoff, sediment concentrations and sediment sizes in runoff and the soil surface after rain and sediment settling velocities were measured. Soils were well-aggregated Vertosols and a Dermosol: clay 31–69%, silt ~20%. Settling velocities and undispersed particle size distributions for rainfall wet soil are provided for a range of soils in Supplemental Data, for use by WEPP users. Key results Runoff during 30 min and 54 mm of rain was 28–44 mm or 50–86% rainfall. Soil losses were 26–61 t ha−1 and sediment concentrations 67–127 g L−1. Infiltration, runoff, sediment concentration and soil losses were sometimes different for soils and events. Gatton and Emerald soils had lower soil losses and Cecilvale, Mywybilla and Narrabri soils had higher soil losses. Conclusions Mean Ki for Emerald and Gatton soils were significantly lower, 2 960 000 and 3 209 600 kg.s m−4, respectively. Ki values were not significantly different for the Cecilvale, Narrabri and Mywybilla soils, 3 900 000 kg.s m−4. Implications WEPP Ki values were like values found for USA cropping on clay soils. Sizes in the soil surface and sediment, and settling velocity distributions, were similar between soils but sediment sizes were finer.
First-principles study of gas molecule adsorption on Ga-doped silicene
Authors: Li Jinyu , Zhao Chunlei , Li Wei , Ren Qingying , Xu Jie , Xu Wei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, based on first-principles calculations, the geometric structure and electronic properties of intrinsic silicene and metal element Ga doped silicene were studied, and three harmful gases CO, SO2 and NH3 gas molecules and H2O molecules were analyzed in two adsorption properties on the surface of two material. For each gas molecule, the optimal adsorption site was tried and determined, and parameters such as adsorption distance, adsorption energy, transfer charge, recovery time, and density of states were calculated to understand the adsorption mechanism. It was found that the adsorption capacity of the selected gas molecules on intrinsic silicene was weak except for NH3. While Ga doped silicene is a relatively stable structure, the adsorption energies of CO, SO2 and NH3 gas molecules on its surface increase in different degrees, the adsorption energies are −0.51 eV, −0.82 eV and −0.73 eV, but no adsorption to H2O. The results show that the doping of Ga atoms improves the adsorption performance of silicene materials, and is less affected by the humidity in the air in practical applications, which provides a theoretical reference for the gas-sensing properties of Ga doped silicene materials.