bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perioperative serum syndecan-1 concentrations in patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and its association with the occurrence of postoperative acute kidney injury: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Miyazaki Atsushi , Hokka Mai , Obata Norihiko , Mizobuchi Satoshi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Various factors can cause vascular endothelial damage during cardiovascular surgery (CVS) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), which has been suggested to be associated with postoperative complications. However, few studies have specifically investigated the relationship between the degree of vascular endothelial damage and postoperative acute kidney injury (pAKI).
The objectives of this study were to measure perioperative serum syndecan-1 concentrations in patients who underwent CVS with CPB, evaluate their trends, and determine their association with pAKI.
Methods
This was a descriptive and case‒control study conducted at the National University Hospital. Adult patients who underwent CVS with CPB at a national university hospital between March 15, 2016, and August 31, 2020, were included. Patients who were undergoing preoperative dialysis, had preoperative serum creatinine concentrations greater than 2.0 mg dl-1, who were undergoing surgery involving the descending aorta were excluded. The perioperative serum syndecan-1 concentration was measured, and its association with pAKI was investigated.
Results
Fifty-two patients were included. pAKI occurred in 18 (34.6%) of those patients. The serum syndecan-1 concentration increased after CPB initiation and exhibited bimodal peak values. The serum syndecan-1 concentration at all time points was significantly elevated compared to that after the induction of anesthesia. The serum syndecan-1 concentration at 30 min after weaning from CPB and on postoperative day 1 was associated with the occurrence of pAKI (OR=1.10 [1.01 to 1.21], P=0.03]; OR=1.16 [1.01 to 1.34], P=0.04]; and the cutoff values of the serum syndecan-1 concentration that resulted in pAKI were 101.0 ng ml-1 (sensitivity=0.71, specificity=0.62, area under the curve (AUC)=0.67 (0.51 to 0.83)) and 57.1 ng ml-1 (sensitivity=0.82, specificity=0.56, AUC=0.71 (0.57 to 0.86)). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the serum syndecan-1 concentration on postoperative day 1 was associated with the occurrence of pAKI (OR=1.02 [1.00 to 1.03]; P=0.03).
Conclusion
The serum syndecan-1 concentration at all time points was significantly greater than that after the induction of anesthesia. The serum syndecan-1 concentration on postoperative day 1 was significantly associated with the occurrence of pAKI.
Trial registration
This study is not a clinical trial and is not registered with the registry.
A hybrid model of Multivariate Bayesian Time Series Model with Multi-TemporalConvolution Network for Forecasting Stock Market during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ray Paramita , Ganguli Bhaswati , Chakrabarti Amlan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper presents an alternative method for fore- casting multiple correlated time series data. The proposed hybrid algorithm has two steps comprising a base step of fitting a multivariate Bayesian structural time series (MBSTS) and a post model fitting diagnostic step of running the residuals through a multi-input/output temporal convolutional network (M-TCN) with multiple time scale feature learning. The first step allows for the inclusion of a possibly high dimensional regression component and spike and slab priors are used to find a parsimonious model. The second step is an alternative to the subjective residual based diagnostic procedures in the time series literature and enhances forecasting accuracy. The main advantage of M-TCN is that it can capture sequential information by expanding the field of convolution kernel without increasing the number of parameters. Two applications are presented in this paper- the first uses pre-lockdown data on eleven Nifty stock sectoral indices to forecast the trend of stock price movement and also the first post lockdown upturn. The second application uses stock market data of pharmaceutical companies manufacturing COVID-19 vaccines. In both cases, newspaper and social media sentiment serve as the regression component. The proposed hybrid model is shown to outperform bench- mark models for the two motivating datasets. The hybrid model produces greater accuracy than other models such as LSTM (Long short-term memory), Bidirectional Encoder Representa- tions from Transformers (BERT) based LSTM and GRU (Gated recurrent units), etc.
Effects of silicon photomultipliers with digital readout and the Bayesian penalizedlikelihood reconstruction algorithm on defining metabolic tumor volume in positron emission tomography: Phantom studies
Authors: Yamagata Tatsuki , Fukuchi Kazuki , Haramiishi Kei , Kazuki Fukuchi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective
The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of silicon photomultiplier positron emission tomography (SiPM-PET) and Bayesian penalized likelihood reconstruction (BPL) on metabolic tumor volume (MTV) by comparing the results with those from traditional photomultiplier tube PET (PMT-PET).
Methods
Six phantoms of varying shapes and volumes (1.2, 2.6, 5.6, 11.5, 15, and 20 mL) were created using a mixture of fluorodeoxyglucose-18 (18F) solution and agar at a background ratio of 1:4, and placed in a 5 L polytank. SiPM-PET and PMT-PET were each performed for five min. PMT-PET utilized traditional ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM), while SiPM-PET utilized both OSEM and BPL for image reconstruction. MTV calculations were performed using both the traditional relative threshold method (30, 40, 42, and 50% of maximum standardized uptake value [SUVmax]) and the gradient-based method (weight coefficients, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6), and the measurements obtained were compared with the actual volume of the phantoms to evaluate accuracy.
Results
SiPM-PET-based contour extraction more accurately reflected the shape of each phantom than PMT-PET alone. In terms of accuracy in calculating MTV, a relative threshold method of 40% and a weight coefficient of 0.4 yielded results that were closest to the actual volumes of the phantoms. When SiPM-PET was used with BPL, the MTV calculated using the gradient-based method most closely approximated the know phantom volume.
Conclusion
The use of BPL in conjunction with SiPM-PET imaging significantly improved spatial resolution, allowing for a clearer delineation of tumor boundaries. Consequently, the MTV calculations obtained using SiPM-PET with BPL were more accurate than those obtained using PMT-PET or SiPM-PET with OSEM, indicating its potential for more precise tumor volume measurement in oncologic PET imaging.
Assessing Trends in Hospitalizations for Breast Cancer Among Women in Korea: A Utilization of the Korea National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury Survey (2006-2020)
Authors: Hwang Jieun , Jang Jeong-Hoon 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of breast cancer patients discharged in Korea over the past 15 years and explored the association between comorbidities and treatment outcomes to propose effective strategies for managing cancer patients.
Methods
This study utilized cross-sectional data from the Korea National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury Survey from 2006 to 2020. Breast cancer patients were identified based on the primary diagnosis coded as C50 (Malignant neoplasm of the breast) according to ICD-10. Comorbidities were limited to those specified by the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and categorized into groups of 0, 1, 2, and 3 or more scores based on the relative risk associated with each condition.
Results
Between 2006 and 2020, an estimated 499,281 breast cancer patients were discharged, with an average annual percent change of 5.2% (95% CI 4.2–6.2, p < .05). The highest proportion of CCI scores of 3 or more was observed in the 60 and older age group at 12.9%, followed by 10.8% in the 40–59 age group and 8.5% in the under 40 age group. Across all age groups, there was a consistent increasing trend in the risk of mortality as the CCI score increased (p < .05).
Conclusions
The global trend of aging populations and increasing life expectancy indicate a continued rise in the number of breast cancer patients. Consequently, considering comorbidities when developing treatment plans for breast cancer is expected to result in positive treatment outcomes.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on physical health among children: difference-in-differences analyses of nationwide school health checkup database
Authors: Okubo Yusuke , Ishitsuka Kazue , Goto Atsushi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic posed tremendous challenges for children, requiring them to adapt to changes in social environments. However, the long-term effects of the pandemic on various aspects of physical health at a national level remain unclear.
Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed data from nationwide health checkup records among children aged 7–15 years. The dataset comprised 3,544,146 records from 393,794 individuals who graduated from junior high school during fiscal years 2007 to 2022. Difference-indifferences (DID) analyses with multiple time periods were used to examine the impact of COVID-19 on physical health outcomes.
Results: Compared with the pre-pandemic period, the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with excess increases in obesity for boys and girls, persisting over the 3 years (DID estimate, +0.42%; 95%CI, 0.23 to 0.61). Also, it was associated with excess increases in underweight (DID estimate, +0.28%; 95%CI, 0.25 to 0.32) and poor visual acuity among boys in the 3 rd year (DID estimate, +1.80%; 95%CI, 1.30 to 2.30]). There were excess reductions in dental caries (DID estimate,-1.48%; 95%CI,-2.01 to-0.95]), glucosuria (DID estimate,-0.55; 95%CI,-0.88 to-0.23), and hematuria (DID estimate,-0.43%; 95%CI,-0.73 to-0.13]) during the 3 rd year of the pandemic.
Conclusions: These findings underscore the multifaceted impact of the pandemic on various health indicators for school-aged children. This information could be valuable for public health policy and pediatric healthcare planning in the post-pandemic era.
Efficient hybrid numerical modeling of the seismic wavefield in the presence of solid-fluid boundaries
Authors: LYU Chao , ROMANOWICZ Barbara , Zhao Liang , MASSON Yder 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Applying full-waveform methods to image small-scale structures of geophysical interest buried within the Earth requires the computation of the seismic wavefield over large distances compared to the target wavelengths. This represents a considerable computational cost when using state-of-the-art numerical integration of the equations of motion in three-dimensional earth models. “Box Tomography” is a hybrid method that breaks up the wavefield computation into three parts, only one of which needs to be iterated for each model update, significantly saving computational time. To deploy this method in remote regions containing a fluid-solid boundary, one needs to construct artificial sources that confine the seismic wavefield within a small region that straddles this boundary. The difficulty arises from the need to couple elastic and acoustic simulations in this region. Reconciling different displacement potential expressions used for solving the acoustic wave equation, we propose a unified framework for such hybrid simulations, a significant step towards applying “Box Tomography” in arbitrary regions inside the Earth, resulting in a thousand-fold computational cost reduction compared to standard approaches, without compromising accuracy. We also present examples of benchmarks of the hybrid simulations in the case of target regions at the ocean floor and the core-mantle boundary.
Randomised controlled trial of tourniquet associated pain generated in lower limb after exsanguination by Esmarch bandage versus limb elevation
Authors: Mitrichev Alexander , Maunder John , Jabur Aiden , Singh Prince , Lees Deborah , Morse Levi , Parkinson Benjamin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Tourniquets are common adjuncts in the operating theatre but can be associated with post-operative pain. This study was designed to compare what effect pre-tourniquet Esmarch bandage exsanguination has on pain, compared to pre-tourniquet exsanguination by elevation alone.
Methods
52 volunteers (104 lower limbs) were included in this study with each volunteer acted as their own matched control. The primary outcome was pain level, measured in both legs simultaneously using visual analogue scale every 2 minutes for 20 minutes of tourniquet inflation and every minute after deflation. Secondary outcomes were pain difference, cumulative pain score, time of recovery and blood pressure during occlusion and release time.
Results
There was no statistically significant difference in cumulative pain score between legs regardless dominance, site of investigation and point of time. There was no difference in cumulative pain scores between Esmarch and elevation under inflation (50.6, SD 17.0 vs 51.7, SD 16.8, p = 0.87) or deflation (23.4, SD 14.8 vs 24.1, SD 14.9, p = 0.94). Time to full recovery of the lower limb was the same for both groups — 7.6 minutes (SD 2.1min, p = 0.80).
Conclusion
Previous studies describe a positive effect on pain when Esmarch bandage was used prior to tourniquet inflation for upper limb. Using a high level of evidence, we could not prove the same benefit from Esmarch when it was used on lower limbs during inflation of tourniquet, nor after release. These two techniques yield similar pain profiles, and patient factors need to be considered when deciding between elevation and Esmarch bandage.
Selective and rapid detection of minocycline in milk using a novel fluorescence conjugated polymer probe
Authors: Gong Lindan , Zhang Lin , Wang Hengyuan , Sun Yan , Zhang Hongju , Fan Lu-an 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Minocycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic widely used in clinical and veterinary medicine and its adverse effects are as prominent as its potent efficacy. To avoid its abuse and accumulation, it is very important to detect minocycline in medical science, food industry, and aquaculture industry. Here, a conjugated polymer probe for minocycline is prepared and its optical properties and fluorescence response to minocycline is studied. The quenching efficiency is linear relevant with the amount of minocycline at the concentration range of 0–12 µM in PBS and 0–28 µM in ethanol with the limit of detection of 0.0151 µM. Moreover, the standard addition recoveries of minocycline in skim milk samples are between 92.22–104.43%, and the relative standard deviation values are less than 3%. These results imply that the probe has a great potential for detecting minocycline in actual samples with simplify, rapidity and sensitivity.
Population Pharmacokinetics and Dosage Optimization of Linezolid in Chinese Older Patients
Authors: Li Yuanchen , Fang Qiu , Wu Zejun , Huang Siqi , Ge Weihong , Shen Jizhong , Zhu Huaijun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose The objective of this study was to assessed the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of linezolid in a retrospective cohort of hospitalized Chinese older patients.
Methods Patients >60 years of age, who received intravenous linezolid 600 mg, were included. A population pharmacokinetics (PPK) model was established using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. The predictive performance of the final model was assessed using goodness-of-fit plots, bootstrap analyses, and visual predictive checks. Monte Carlo simulations were used to evaluate the achievement of a pharmacodynamics target for the area under the serum concentration–time curve/minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC0–24/MIC).
Results A total of 210 samples were collected from 120 older patients. A one-compartment PPK model with linear elimination was found to best predict the linezolid plasma concentrations. Linezolid clearance (CL) was 4.22 L h-1 and the volume of distribution (Vd) was 45.80 L along with serum uric acid (SUA) as a significant covariate of CL.
Conclusion Based on the study results, we concluded that the standard dose was associated with a risk of overexposure in older patients, particularly those with high SUA values; these patients would benefit from a lower dose (300 mg every 12 h). This study would help in the therapeutic drug monitoring of linezolid in older patients in the future.
Developing a Security Enhancement for Healthcare Applications Using Blockchain-Based Firefly-Optimized Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm
Authors: Alex Britto , K Selvan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Presently the growing digitalization of healthcare systems implies appropriate safety measures that are necessary to protect sensitive patient data and the accuracy of medical records. During this paper, an individual blockchain-based security upgrade plan customized for healthcare applications is proposed. The blockchain is a distributed ledger technology that is secure and distributed. Initially, we gathered the healthcare dataset from standardization was used to create effective data partitioning. To suggest an encryption scheme that relies on blockchain technology to improve data transmission security, this study demonstrates the fundamentals of contemporary cryptography by introducing a revolutionary technique that enhances the integration of the Firefly optimized Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (FOECDSA) with lightweight advanced decryption. In this study, Microsoft's SQL server is used to manage and store structured data. The proposed approach is compared with the existing methods and the improved encryption technique is evaluated and tested using specific standard parameters.
A Comparative Analysis of Transhepatic Cardia-Gastric Fundus Puncture vs. Gastric Body puncture for Insufflation for CT-Guided Percutaneous Gastrostomy
Authors: Xiao-mei Qi , Chang-ming Hu , li Liu , Qing-Hua Liang , Jun-ru Xiong , Liang-shan Li , Liang-yu Deng , guang-ying Tang , Xue-quan Huang , Chuang He 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of transhepatic cardia-gastric fundus puncture (TCFP) for insufflation for CT-guided percutaneous gastrostomy (CPG).
Methods: The clinical data of 38 patients who underwent TCFP for insufflation and 161 patients who underwent percutaneous gastric body for insufflation at a single center were retrospectively analyzed. The operative time, success rate, complication rate, overall procedure time, and incidence of complications within three months were collected.
Results: The success rate of insufflation was 100%, and no serious complications occurred during percutaneous gastric insufflation. The average time for insufflation via TCFP was 9.60±6.62 minutes, and that via gastric body puncture was 8.71±71.8 minutes, with no significant difference between the two (p=0.485). The overall duration of gastrostomy in the TCFP group was 32.16±10.27 minutes and 33.94±13.82 minutes in the gastric body group, with no significant difference (p=0.456). The incidence of submucosal air spread was 0% in the TCFP group and 9.9% in the gastric body group, with significant difference (p=0.045). The complication rates following insufflation via TCFP and via gastric body puncture were 18.4% and 21.7%, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.652). The perioperative pain score was 2 after insufflation via TCFP and via gastric body puncture, with no significant difference (p=0.119). The overall mortality rate was 0 in the first postoperative month, with a 3-month mortality rate of 5% (10/199). The surviving patients showed a significant increase in weight from 51.81±8.52 kg to 52.52±9.39 kg at 3 months postoperatively (p=0.009).
Conclusion: TCFP for insufflation is safe and effective, with a 100% success rate and no increased risk of complications. The choice of procedure should be based on the patient's specific condition and the physician's experience.
An ultrathin, rapidly fabricated, flexible giant magnetoresistive electronic skin
Authors: Chen Jiamin , Zhang Junjie , Jin Zhenhu , Chen Guangyuan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of electronic wearables, among which flexible magneto-electronic skin has emerged as a key component. This technology is part of the rapidly progressing field of flex-ible wearable electronics, which has opened a new avenue in human perceptual development: magnetic sense. However, magneto-electronic skin is limited due to its low sensitivity and substantial field as a wearable electronic device for sens-ing minor magnetic fields. Additionally, achieving efficient and non-destructive delamination in flexible magnetic sensors remains a significant challenge, hindering their development. In this work, we demonstrate a novel magneto-electronic touchless interactive electronic that utilizes a flexible giant magnetoresistive sensor array. The flexible magnetic sensor array has been developed through an electrochemical delamination process, and the resultant ultra-thin flexible elec-tronic system possesses both ultra-thin and non-destructive characteristics. The flexible magnetic sensor is capable of achieving a bending angle of up to 90 degrees, maintaining its performance integrity even after multiple repetitive bend-ing cycles. Our research also encompasses demonstrations of non-contact interaction and pressure sensing. This re-search is anticipated to significantly contribute to the advancement of high-performance flexible magnetic sensors and catalyze the development of more sophisticated magnetic electronic skins.
An automated workflow for the rapid increase of hydrolytic enzyme concentration for short- chain carboxylic acid production from lignocellulosic biomass
Authors: Longis Marion , Raulo Roxane , Paul Sébastien , Neubauer Peter , Phalip Vincent , Heuson Egon , Junne Stefan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background.
Short-chain carboxylic acids are interesting building blocks that can be synthesized from biogenic residues with the so-called dark fermentation. One challenge though is the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic residues to make them accessible for whole cell biotransformation. Accessibility can be achieved through conversion of lignocellulose through microbial exoenzymes. In this study, bacteria and fungi were isolated from different lignocellulose-containing feedstock. A workflow of an automated screening with the isolated strains for their ability to accumulate short-chain carboxylic acids in fermentation was elaborated. The screening was performed with and without addition of fungal enzymes.
Results.
Results show a three-fold increase in acetic acid concentration and nearly a six-fold increase in succinic acid concentration if the feedstock was pre-treated in comparison to untreated feedstock. When adding the enzyme-containing supernatant to a continuous dark fermentation with wood barks as feedstock, the acid concentration increased remarkably from 1 to 2.6 g⋅L− 1.
Conclusion.
The methodology, thus, is suitable to identify strains and enzyme mixtures for improving hydrolysis of complex lignocellulosic feedstock.