bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of patient demographics, baseline clinical characteristics and outcomes in Phase 3 trials of biologics (TNFi, IL12/23i, IL17i, IL23i), PDE4i and TYK2i for psoriasis
Authors: Peeters Sara , De Vlam Kurt , Boonen Hugo , Güvenç Canan , Hillary Tom 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis, a common chronic inflammatory skin disease with major impact on quality of life, is associated with several comorbidities. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of psoriasis has led to the development and approval of new therapeutic strategies such as biologics of different classes (targeting tumour necrosis factor‐α, interleukin (IL) 17 and IL12/23), phosphodiesterase‐4 inhibitors, and janus kinase inhibitors.ObjectivesThe objective of this project was to investigate the evolution of baseline patient characteristics, disease characteristics and outcomes in Phase 3 trials. We hypothesized that the uptake of more effective drugs in the management of patients is reflected in the patient profile considered eligible for clinical trials.MethodsA search in PubMed for Phase 3 trials of biologics, apremilast and deucravacitinib was performed. Forty trials were included and divided into five periods. The first three periods correspond with the chronological development of biologics, Period 4 contains trials of apremilast and Period 5 of deucravacitinib. For each trial, demographics and outcomes were extracted and mean values per period were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed in the biologics group and in the oral therapies group.ResultsBetween Periods 1, 2 and 3: the mean percentage of patients with prior phototherapy (p < 0.001) is different, the mean percentage of patients with prior biologic use (p < 0.001) is higher in Periods 2 and 3, and the outcome variable Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) 100 is more present in recent trials (p < 0.001). Between periods 1 and 3, there are more White patients in Period 1 (p = 0.044) and more patients with baseline Physician Global Assessment 3 in Period 3 (p = 0.041). Between Periods 4 and 5, there are more White patients (p = 0.010) in Period 4, outcome variable PASI 100 and Psoriasis Symptoms and Signs Diary is more present in Period 5 (p = 0.025).ConclusionsThe majority of baseline patient characteristics, disease characteristics and outcome variables remain stable throughout the different periods. Changes in clinical practice were reflected by increased prior biologic use and increased use of PASI 100 as an outcome variable.
Monitoring ecological dynamics on complex hydrothermal structures: A novel photogrammetry approach reveals fine‐scale variability of vent assemblages
Authors: Van Audenhaege Loïc , Sarrazin Jozée , Legendre Pierre , Perrois Garance , Cannat Mathilde , Arnaubec Aurélien , Matabos Marjolaine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe set out to characterize the fine‐scale processes acting on interannual dynamics of deep‐sea vent fauna by using a novel approach involving a 5‐yr time series of 3D photogrammetry models acquired at the Eiffel Tower sulfide edifice (Lucky Strike vent field, Mid‐Atlantic Ridge). Consistently, with the overall stability of the vent edifice, total mussel cover did not undergo drastic changes, suggesting that they have been at a climax stage for at least 25 yr based on previous data. Successional patterns showed consistency over time, illustrating the dynamic equilibrium of the ecological system. In contrast, microbial mats significantly declined, possibly due to magmatic events. The remaining environmental variability consisted of decimeter‐scale displacement of vent outflows, resulting from their opening or closure or from the progressive accretion of sulfide material. As a result, vent mussels showed submeter variability in the immediate vicinity of vent exits, possibly by repositioning in response to that fine‐scale regime of change. As former studies were not able to quantify processes at submeter scales in complex settings, this pioneering work demonstrates the potential of 3D photogrammetry models for conducting long‐term monitoring in the deep sea. We observed that the ability of mussels to displace may enable them to cope with changing local conditions in a stable system. However, the long‐term stability of mussel assemblages questions their capacity to withstand large‐scale disturbances and may imply a low resilience of these “climax” communities. This suggests that they may be particularly vulnerable to the negative effects of mining activities in hydrothermal ecosystems.
Interface challenges and research progress toward solid polymer electrolytes‐based lithium metal batteries
Authors: Zhang Dechao , Li Shimei , Xiong Qi , Huang Zhaodong , Hong Hu , Yang Shuo , Zhu Jiaxiong , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSolid‐state lithium metal batteries (SLMBs) based on solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are a promising option for next‐generation energy storage systems owing to their enhanced safety and energy density. However, the unstable interfaces resulting from continuous side reactions between electrodes and SPEs during cycling have hindered the practical application of SLMBs. In this review, we first provide an overview of the development and fundamentals of SPEs. Subsequently, the interface issues, factors influencing interface stability, and strategies to stabilize and enhance the compatibilities of the SPEs/electrodes interface are summarized. Finally, we propose perspectives on improving interface contact and stability through effective strategies for practical high‐energy SLMBs. This review aims to deepen the understanding of interfacial issues between SPEs and electrodes and provide specific solutions to improve the electrochemical performances of SLMBs.
Exploring the motivations of mental health service utilization among family caregivers in Bolgatanga, Upper East Region, Ghana
Authors: Daliri Dennis B. , Aninanya Gifty A. , Laari Timothy T. , Abagye Nancy , Dei‐Asamoa Richard , Afaya Richard A. , Afaya Agani 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFamily caregivers' role in sending their mentally ill relatives to the mental health service (MHS) has been vital in the era of community mental healthcare. They are the determinants of where mentally ill relatives are sent for care. There is currently no evidence about the motivators of MHS use among these major stakeholders in the Bolgatanga municipality. This study, therefore, sought to explore the perceived utilization and the motivating factors for the utilization of MHS in the Bolgatanga municipality. A descriptive qualitative study design was employed to conduct the study in two health facilities (Presbyterian Psychiatric Hospital and the Upper East Regional Hospital). A semi‐structured interview guide was used to conduct in‐depth interviews among 19 purposively sampled participants consisting of 15 family caregivers of mentally ill relatives, two MHS providers, and two MHS administrators. Audio‐recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed. Two main themes emerged including perceived utilization of MHS by family caregivers and motivating factors for the utilization of MHS. The study showed that most participants sought MHS for their mentally ill relatives. The study further identified multilevel factors such as individual factors, interpersonal factors, organizational factors, and policy‐level factors that motivated the utilization of MHS in the Bolgatanga municipality. There is a need to embark on activities that will further strengthen the factors that have been identified as motivators to encourage the continuous utilization of MHS in the municipality.
Epigenetic regulation in cancer therapy: From mechanisms to clinical advances
Authors: Tao Lei , Zhou Yue , Luo Yuan , Qiu Jiahao , Xiao Yuzhou , Zou Jiao , Zhang Yu , Liu Xingchen , Yang Xinyu , Gou Kun , Xu Jing , Guan Xinqi , Cen Xiaobo , Zhao Yinglan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEpigenetic regulation refers to the alteration of gene expression independent of changes in DNA sequence. It involves chemical modifications such as DNA methylation, histone methylation, and histone acetylation, which are regulated by a coordinated interplay of various regulators to ensure precise spatial and temporal regulation of gene expression. Epigenetic aberrations are commonly observed in cancer and are considered as hallmarks of cancer. In recent years, small molecules targeting specific epigenetic regulators have been developed and are demonstrating promising therapeutic potential in preclinical and clinical trials for cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the essential regulatory mechanisms and dysfunctions of epigenetic regulators involved in DNA methylation, histone methylation, and histone acetylation during tumor development and progression. Moreover, we discuss the current advances and challenges in cancer epigenetic therapy that target these mechanisms in both hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. Finally, we discuss the potential of combining epigenetic drugs with other therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, as a promising approach for cancer treatment. Overall, we aim to enhance the understanding of epigenetic regulation in cancer therapy and explore targeted therapeutic strategies based on these mechanisms, to ultimately advance cancer therapy and improve patient prognosis.
Non‐rigid motion‐compensated 3D whole‐heart T2 mapping in a hybrid 3T PET‐MR system
Authors: Schneider Alina , Munoz Camila , Hua Alina , Ellis Sam , Jeljeli Sami , Kunze Karl P. , Neji Radhouene , Reader Andrew J. , Reyes Eliana , Ismail Tevfik F. , Botnar René M. , Prieto Claudia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeSimultaneous PET‐MRI improves inflammatory cardiac disease diagnosis. However, challenges persist in respiratory motion and mis‐registration between free‐breathing 3D PET and 2D breath‐held MR images. We propose a free‐breathing non‐rigid motion‐compensated 3D T2‐mapping sequence enabling whole‐heart myocardial tissue characterization in a hybrid 3T PET‐MR system and provides non‐rigid respiratory motion fields to correct also simultaneously acquired PET data.MethodsFree‐breathing 3D whole‐heart T2‐mapping was implemented on a hybrid 3T PET‐MRI system. Three datasets were acquired with different T2‐preparation modules (0, 28, 55 ms) using 3‐fold undersampled variable‐density Cartesian trajectory. Respiratory motion was estimated via virtual 3D image navigators, enabling multi‐contrast non‐rigid motion‐corrected MR reconstruction. T2‐maps were computed using dictionary‐matching. Approach was tested in phantom, 8 healthy subjects, 14 MR only and 2 PET‐MR patients with suspected cardiac disease and compared with spin echo reference (phantom) and clinical 2D T2‐mapping (in‐vivo).ResultsPhantom results show a high correlation (R2 = 0.996) between proposed approach and gold standard 2D T2 mapping. In‐vivo 3D T2‐mapping average values in healthy subjects (39.0 ± 1.4 ms) and patients (healthy tissue) (39.1 ± 1.4 ms) agree with conventional 2D T2‐mapping (healthy = 38.6 ± 1.2 ms, patients = 40.3 ± 1.7 ms). Bland–Altman analysis reveals bias of 1.8 ms and 95% limits of agreement (LOA) of −2.4‐6 ms for healthy subjects, and bias of 1.3 ms and 95% LOA of −1.9 to 4.6 ms for patients.ConclusionValidated efficient 3D whole‐heart T2‐mapping at hybrid 3T PET‐MRI provides myocardial inflammation characterization and non‐rigid respiratory motion fields for simultaneous PET data correction. Comparable T2 values were achieved with both 3D and 2D methods. Improved image quality was observed in the PET images after MR‐based motion correction.
Physics‐informed neural networks for large deflection analysis of slender piles incorporating non‐differentiable soil‐structure interaction
Authors: Ouyang Weihang , Li Guanhua , Chen Liang , Liu Si‐Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhysics‐informed neural networks (PINN) is an emerging machine learning technique and has been applied in different areas successfully. To benefit pile analysis from this innovative technique, this paper addresses several problems that arise when extending PINN to the large deflection analysis of slender piles accounting for nonlinear Soil‐Structure Interaction (SSI). The governing equations for the structural behavior of piles, considering geometric nonlinearity, are elaborated at first, based on which a PINN framework is constructed correspondingly with a model training process. A series of normalization factors are introduced to the loss function to enhance model training stability. Additionally, a regression‐based soil resistance estimation is developed to prevent non‐convergence and instability that may occur during the model training when encountering non‐differentiable SSI. Extensive examples are provided to validate the robustness and accuracy of the proposed analysis method for piles under complex geological conditions. Furthermore, several case studies are conducted, revealing the necessity of appropriate loss normalization and the effectiveness of regression‐based estimation for reflecting non‐differentiable functions in the PINN study.
Modelling the evolution of water retention hysteresis loops during soil deformation based on the ink‐bottle effect
Authors: Chen Ke , Zhou Annan , Liang Fayun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe ink‐bottle effect, resulting from the heterogeneous pore structure, plays a significant role in the hydraulic hysteresis of water retention behavior. Experimental evidence indicates that volumetric deformation extensively influences the hysteresis characteristics of the soil‐water retention curve (SWRC). This paper presents a physical–based model that aims to simulate the contraction of the hysteresis loop in the SWRC during soil compression by considering the evolution of the ink‐bottle effect. Within the proposed model, it is assumed that the suction increment is consumed in two distinct manners: to overcome the ink‐bottle effect and to alter soil saturation. As soil undergoes compression, the ink‐bottle effect weakens, resulting in a reduced proportion of suction consumed in counteracting this effect. To quantitatively describe the impact of ink‐bottle effect evolution on SWRC hysteresis, a novel concept known as hysteresis potential is introduced, which is defined as the difference in natural logarithmic values of suction between the drying and wetting curves at a given saturation. Finally, the proposed model was validated using five sets of experimental data, affirming its capability to capture the hysteresis loop evolution in SWRC attributed to the weakening of the ink‐bottle effect during soil compression.
Registration of WGC002 spring wheat containing wild grass‐derived Fusarium head blight resistance gene Fhb7The2
Authors: Cai Xiwen , Danilova Tatiana , Charif Ahmed , Wang Fang , Zhang Wei , Zhang Mingyi , Ren Shuangfeng , Zhu Xianwen , Zhong Shaobin , Dykes Linda , Fiedler Jason , Xu Steven , Frels Katherine , Wegulo Stephen , Boehm Jeffrey , Funnell‐Harris Deanna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe USDA‐ARS and North Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station jointly released the Fusarium head blight (FHB)‐resistant spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm WGC002 (Reg. no. GP‐1089, PI 702949) in May 2023. WGC002 is a wheat‐Thinopyrum elongatum 7B‐7E translocation line, designated 7BS·7BL‐7EL, with the wheat chromosome 7BL terminal region replaced by the homoeologous counterpart of the Th. elongatum chromosome 7EL that contains the novel FHB resistance gene Fhb7The2. WGC002 was developed from the Chinese Spring (CS) wheat‐Th. elongatum disomic substitution line DS 7E(7B) using our genomics‐enabled chromosome engineering pipeline. The pedigree of WGC002 is DS 7E(7B)/2*CS ph1b mutant//DS 7E(7B). WGC002 has consistently exhibited resistance to FHB in inoculations of greenhouse grown plants. WGC002 does not contain the yellow flour pigment gene in the Fhb7The2 haplotype present on the terminal 7EL segment of the 7BS·7BL‐7EL translocation and has not exhibited any obvious linkage drag on the 7EL segment. Therefore, WGC002 is ready for immediate use in wheat breeding. One sequence‐tagged site (STS) and two polymerase chain reaction allelic competitive extension markers were developed specifically for Fhb7The2 and validated in different wheat genotypes. They are highly diagnostic for Fhb7The2 and extremely useful in marker‐assisted introgression of Fhb7The2 in wheat breeding. In summary, WGC002 is a new wild grass‐derived FHB‐resistant spring wheat germplasm with diagnostic DNA markers available to conduct marker‐assisted selection of Fhb7The2, that will enhance and diversify FHB resistance of wheat.
Analysis of the progress of chemical process safety management in China
Authors: Zhou Jiling , Wang Xin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractProcess safety management (PSM) is a proven and effective management approach that has been validated through practical experience. In recent years, China has been actively exploring advanced PSM methods and has implemented several regulations and standards related to chemical PSM. This article begins with a review of chemical PSM development in China and the United States. It then conducts a comparative analysis of the quantity and content of elements in the PSM systems of both countries. Based on the analysis results, suggestions for improving PSM in China are presented.
On distance dependent entropy measures of poly propylene imine and zinc porphyrin dendrimers
Authors: Wei Jiao , Fahad Asfand , Raza Ali , Shabir Priya , Alameri Abdu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA key paradigm in contemporary research is the use of graphs to represent physical systems, molecular structures, or particularly metal frameworks. Graphs are increasingly widely used in a variety of fields, including the study of quantum and molecular systems, macromolecules and their interactions, socioeconomic and ecological systems, and technical and infra‐structural systems. Understanding how these systems function, are robust, and are stable begins with structural characterization. The use of entropies and entropy‐like measurements of graphs/structures of molecules/networks is crucial from both a mathematical and physical standpoint. Several entropy measures of graphs have been defined and studied extensively during the last few decades. The current paper is devoted to investigation of distance dependent entropy measures of Poly Propylene Imine (PPI) dendrimers and Zinc Porphyrin dendrimers. The analytical formulae of distance dependent entropy measures have been developed and their patterns have been presented through graphical tools.
Assessment of the relationship between the dopaminergic pathway and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, with related neuropathological features, and potential therapeutic approaches in COVID‐19 infection
Authors: Rasmi Yousef , Shokati Ameneh , Hatamkhani Shima , Farnamian Yeganeh , Naderi Roya , Jalali Ladan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDopamine is a known catecholamine neurotransmitter involved in several physiological processes, including motor control, motivation, reward, cognition, and immune function. Dopamine receptors are widely distributed throughout the nervous system and in immune cells. Several viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus and Japanese encephalitis virus, can use dopaminergic receptors to replicate in the nervous system and are involved in viral neuropathogenesis. In addition, studies suggest that dopaminergic receptors may play a role in the progression and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. When SARS‐CoV‐2 binds to angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 receptors on the surface of neuronal cells, the spike protein of the virus can bind to dopaminergic receptors on neighbouring cells to accelerate its life cycle and exacerbate neurological symptoms. In addition, recent research has shown that dopamine is an important regulator of the immune‐neuroendocrine system. Most immune cells express dopamine receptors and other dopamine‐related proteins, indicating the importance of dopaminergic immune regulation. The increase in dopamine concentration during SARS‐CoV2 infection may reduce immunity (innate and adaptive) that promotes viral spread, which could lead to neuronal damage. In addition, dopaminergic signalling in the nervous system may be affected by SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. COVID ‐19 can cause various neurological symptoms as it interacts with the immune system. One possible treatment strategy for COVID ‐19 patients could be the use of dopamine antagonists. To fully understand how to protect the neurological system and immune cells from the virus, we need to study the pathophysiology of the dopamine system in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.
Direct Electrochemical Sensing of Lipopolysaccharide by Graphene Nanoplatlets@Cytochrome c Hydrogel Using a Microfluidic Chip
Authors: Kumar Vijayesh , Kumar Deepak , Pathania Preeti K. , Sachdev Abhay , Matai Ishita 
Published: January 2024

AbstractContamination by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin which is present in the outer membrane of Gram‐negative bacteria causes adverse toxic effects on human health. Herein, we report a facile graphene nanoplatelets@cytochrome c (GNP@Cyt c) hydrogel based voltammetric electrochemical sensor for LPS. Firstly, the resultant hydrogel sensor facilitated a large electroactive surface coverage for electron transfer, and secondly provided a 3D porous microenvironment for interaction of abundant electrocatalytic sites in Cyt c with LPS. Under optimal incubation conditions, the heme iron of Cyt c in its reduced form (Fe2+) can directly bind to highly anionic carbohydrate groups of LPS, thereby giving rise to specific interaction. Moreover, the binding of Cyt c (Fe2+) with LPS served as a electrocatalytic unit, generating a strong oxidation peak current at 0.019 V. Importantly, no separate redox mediator was required and the electrochemical signal obtained by LPS‐Cyt c (Fe2+) complex sufficed for detection purposes. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were employed to investigate the electrochemical aspects of GNP@Cyt c hydrogel modified screen‐printed carbon electrode (SPCE). Further, the GNP@Cyt c hydrogel/SPCE demonstrated LPS dose‐dependent changes in oxidation current which enabled selective quantitative detection. This method exhibited a detection limit as low as 8.4×10−4 ng mL−1 with a wide linear range of 0.01–2.0 ng mL−1. For continuous on‐chip monitoring of LPS, a customized microfluidic electrochemical device approach was established which endorses the practical utility of the developed sensor. Further, the integrated microfluidic electrochemical device showed excellent recovery upon spiking LPS in lemon juice and tap water samples. Overall, the fabricated sensor holds great promise for point‐of‐care screening of trace LPS contamination, especially for food safety.
AIE Characteristics of Closely Packed Benzylidene Dimethylbarbituric Acid Derivatives
Authors: He Yuxuan , Lu Hongwei , Xue Tanlong , Nie Jun , Zhu Xiaoqun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUsually, solid‐state fluorescence quenching is thought to be caused by π–π interaction. Hence, the common design strategies for materials with high‐brightness solid‐state luminescent rely on incorporating molecular rotors to weaken the intermolecular π–π packing. In this work, four types of BAs with the performance of solid‐state fluorescence and without molecular rotors have been synthesized. Among them, B‐4 was found to be a typical AIE compound and had a close cofacial packing mode, while it emitted strongly fluorescence in the solid state. The AIE characteristics of B‐4 was attributed to more electron‐donating groups and extended π‐conjugation. However, the other three BAs showed almost no fluorescence emission due to their more closed face‐to‐face packing mode or less electron‐donating groups. These results indicated that tight stacking mode unnecessarily lead to fluorescence quenching. This study suggests there may be fewer constraints to develop new AIE materials, and there might be a large number of tightly packed AIE molecules.