bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical relevance of three subtypes of primary sinonasal lymphoma characterized by immunophenotypic analysis
Authors: Kim Gwi Eon , Koom Woong Sub , Yang Woo‐Ick , Lee Sang‐Wook , Keum Ki Chang , Lee Chang Geol , Suh Chang Ok , Hahn Jee Sook , Roh Jae Kyung , Kim Joo Hang 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBackground.The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical relevance of subtypes categorized by immunophenotypic analysis in primary sinonasal lymphomas.Methods.Eighty patients with localized non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma involving the nasal cavity and/or paranasal sinuses were divided into three subtypes on the basis of their immunohistochemical findings: (A) B‐cell lymphoma (n = 19), (B) T‐cell lymphoma (n = 27), and (C) natural killer (NK)/T‐cell lymphoma (n = 34). The clinicopathologic profiles, immunophenotypic data, patterns of treatment failure, and survival data among the three patient groups were retrospectively compared.Results.The nasal cavity was the predominant site of involvement in T‐cell and NK/T‐cell lymphoma, whereas sinus involvement without nasal disease was common in B‐cell lymphoma. Systemic B symptoms were frequently observed in NK/T‐cell lymphoma. Almost all patients with NK/T‐cell lymphoma showed a strong association with the Epstein‐Barr virus by in situ hybridization studies. Sixty‐five patients (81%) patients achieved complete remission after initial treatment, but 36 (55%) of these subsequently experienced treatment failure. Although there were no significant differences in locoregional failure rates among the patients of the three groups, distant failure was far more common in B‐cell or NK/T‐cell lymphoma than in T‐cell lymphoma (p = .005). Most B‐cell lymphoma cases showed a predilection for sites of systemic failure in the nodal and extranodal sites below the diaphragm, such as the paraaortic lymph nodes or the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, whereas patients with NK/T‐cell lymphoma showed an increased risk of systemic dissemination to the skin, testes, or GI tract, including the development of hemophagocytic syndrome. The 5‐year actuarial and disease‐free survival rates for all patients were 57% and 51%, respectively. Of the three subtypes of primary sinonasal lymphomas, T‐cell lymphoma seemed to carry the most favorable prognosis and NK/T‐cell lymphoma the worst. (The 5‐year actuarial survival rate was 57% for B‐cell lymphoma, 80% for T‐cell lymphoma, 37% for NK/T‐cell lymphoma; p = .02, log‐rank.) By univariate and multivariate analyses, immunophenotype was identified as the most important prognostic factor.Conclusions.Our data indicate that the three subtypes of primary sinonasal lymphomas classified by immunohistochemical studies exhibit different clinical profiles, different patterns of failure, and different treatment outcomes. Given these observations, it is concluded that the recognition of these distinct subsets, diagnosed on the basis of immunophenotypic study, is very important and clinically relevant in predicting their potential behavior and prognosis. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 26: 584–593, 2004
Tracheal mucormycosis presented as an intraluminal soft tissue mass
Authors: Wolf Omer , Gil Ziv , Leider‐Trejo Leonor , Khafif Avi , Biderman Philippe , Fliss Dan M. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBackground.Mucormycosis is a potentially lethal disease caused by an opportunistic fungal infection. It occurs mostly in diabetic or immunosuppressed patients and usually involves the lungs or paranasal sinuses.Methods.We report a rare case of a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis who presented with progressive cough and dyspnea. CT of the neck and chest showed an intraluminal soft‐tissue mass extending from the first tracheal ring to the thoracic inlet, causing severe destruction of the trachea. Direct laryngoscopy and biopsy demonstrated hyphal invasion with architecture typical of invasive mucormycosis.Results.The patient underwent resection of the upper trachea and prolonged amphotericin B therapy and is disease free at 24 months after surgery.Conclusions.In patients with diabetes presenting with progressive hoarseness, dyspnea, and endobronchial mass, a fungal infection should be considered. In case of invasive tracheal mucormycosis, prompt diagnosis and early surgical resection may help improve survival. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 26: 541–543, 2004
The sentinel node concept in head and neck cancer: solution for the controversies in the n0 neck?
Authors: Werner Jochen A. , Dünne Anja A. , Ramaswamy Anette , Dalchow Carsten , Behr Thomas , Moll Roland , Folz Benedikt J. , Davis R. Kim 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBackground.The majority of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who have a clinical N0 neck undergo neck dissection (ND) even though no lymph node metastases may be detected. With this background, our investigation critically analyzes the value of sentinel lymphadenectomy.Methods.Ninety patients with HNSCC, all staged with an N0 neck, underwent intraoperative 99mTc‐radiolabeled detection of up to three hot nodes (SN1–3) during elective ND and primary site resection.Results.Sentinel lymphadenectomy (SN1–3) detected occult metastatic spread in 20 (22%) of 90 patients, whereas failure occurred in three of 90 patients. Metastatic spread was directed to level II in the majority (66.7%) of cases. If only the SN1 had been examined, the procedure would have failed in nine (39%) of 23 patients.Conclusion.Sentinel lymphadenectomy correctly identified the stage of metastatic disease in 97% of patients in cases in which up to three sentinel nodes were identified. If only the lymph node with the highest tracer activity had been excised, 39% of cancer‐positive necks would have been missed. Selective ND identified metastatic disease in the additional 3% of patients. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 26: 603–611, 2004
Functional outcomes of transoral laser surgery of supraglottic carcinoma compared with a transcervical approach
Authors: Cabanillas Rubén , Rodrigo Juan Pablo , Llorente Jose Luis , Suárez Vanessa , Ortega Primitivo , Suárez Carlos 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBackground.Several functional advantages have been described for the transoral laser supraglottic laryngectomy as compared with open techniques. However, comparative studies have been rarely performed.Methods.Functional results in 26 patients treated with a transoral approach were retrospectively compared with those of a comparable series of 26 patients who underwent a transcervical approach.Results.The only significant differences found between the two groups were a lesser number of temporary tracheotomies and a shorter time of removal of the nasogastric tube in the laser group. No significant differences were found in the incidence of postoperative complications, hospital stay, and swallowing capacity.Conclusions.The rate of functional problems after transoral laser surgery did not greatly decrease compared with the rate after the conventional procedure. The mayor advantage of the transoral approach was the lower incidence of temporary tracheotomies. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 26: 653–659, 2004
Enhancing the biological activity of immobilized osteopontin using a type‐1 collagen affinity coating
Authors: Martin Stephanie M. , Schwartz Jeffrey L. , Giachelli Cecilia M. , Ratner Buddy D. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe covalent attachment of biomolecules onto surfaces represents a step toward the improvement of biomaterial properties by providing relevant biological signals of interest to the cell culture or tissue environment. The chemistries involved, however, often attach proteins to the surface in a random fashion, rather than the conformation or orientation most easily recognized by cells and other proteins both in vitro and in vivo. An alternative approach is to take advantage of natural interactions to both bind and orient a biomolecule “naturally,” thereby enhancing its biological activity. Type 1 collagen has been shown to bind to osteopontin (OPN), a protein implicated in processes such as wound healing, endothelial cell survival, and angiogenesis. This study seeks to characterize, quantify, and exploit this interaction in order to present a more naturally recognized form of OPN to the environment surrounding a biomaterial. Binding of OPN to type 1 collagen was confirmed using Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). Radio‐iodination of OPN showed that binding to collagen was dose‐dependent and maximal in basic conditions. Principal component analysis of Time‐of‐Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) data identified differences in OPN immobilized via different techniques. Adhesion of bovine aortic endothelial cells on OPN immobilized using the affinity coating was also significantly enhanced compared to controls. Investigation into the in vivo relevance of this immobilization method is currently underway. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 70A: 10–19, 2004
Application of experimental design to the formulation of glucose oxidase encapsulation by liposomes
Authors: Rodriguez‐Nogales José Manuel , Pérez‐Mateos Manuel , Dolores Busto Ma 
Published: May 2004

AbstractFractional factorial screening design and response surface methodology were applied to optimize the entrapment of glucose oxidase in liposomes by the dehydration–rehydration vesicle (DRV) method. Phosphatidylcholine from different sources, cholesterol:phosphatidylcholine (Ch:PC) and enzyme:lipid (E:L) ratios, buffer pH, sonication frequency and trehalose concentration were the parameters selected for this study. The type of phosphatidylcholine was found to be the most important factor followed by the trehalose concentration, Ch:PC ratio, sonication frequency and E:L ratio. The pH did not play an important role in the response. By treating liposomes with trehalose, as cryoprotectant, the activity of entrapped enzyme decreased by 16%. Two of the factors (cholesterol:phosphatidylcholine and enzyme:lipid ratios) were further studied in a 32 central composite design. The optimized liposomal formulation with an entrapment efficiency of 24% was obtained for egg yolk PC with Ch:PC and E:L ratios of 0.95 and 14.69, respectively, at pH 6 and applying a sonication frequency of 150 W. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Length of the antibody heavy chain complementarity determining region 3 as a specificity‐determining factor
Authors: Barrios Yvelise , Jirholt Pernilla , Ohlin Mats 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe antigen binding site of an antibody is made up of residues residing in six hypervariable loops of the heavy and light chains. In most cases several or all of these loops are required for the establishment of the antigen‐binding surface. Five of these loops display a limited diversity in length and sequence while the third complementarity determining region (CDR) of the heavy chain is highly different between antibodies not only with respect to sequence but also with respect to length. Its extensive diversity is a key component in the establishment of binding sites allowing for the recognition of essentially any antigen by humoral immunity. The relative importance of its sequence vs its length diversity in this context is however, not very well established. To investigate this matter further we have used an approach employing combinatorial antibody libraries and antigen‐specific selection in the search for CDRH3 length and sequence diversity compatible with a given antigen specificity, the major antigenic determinant on the tumour‐associated antigen mucin‐1. In this way we have now defined heavy chain CDR3 length as a critical parameter in the creation of an antigen‐specific binding site. We also propose that this may reflect a dependence of a particular structure of this hypervariable loop, the major carrier of diversity in the binding site, for establishment of a given specificity. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quality control of daily meteorological data in China, 1951–2000: a new dataset
Authors: Feng Song , Hu Qi , Qian Weihong 
Published: May 2004

AbstractLong‐term observational data are essential for understanding local and regional climate and climate change. These data are also important for hydrological designs and agricultural decision making. This study examined the daily meteorological data from 726 stations in China from 1951 to 2000, and developed an unprecedented climatic dataset that contains 10 daily variables: maximum and minimum surface air temperatures, mean surface air temperature, skin surface temperature, surface air relative humidity, wind speed, wind gust, sunshine duration hours, precipitation, and pan evaporation. The characteristics of the original stations' data and quality‐control methods designed and used in developing this dataset are detailed. The quality‐control procedures identified less than 0.05% of the data records as being erroneous because of typos and incorrect units, reading, or data coding. When the spatial and temporal consistency of the variables' time series were inspected, nearly 37.9% of the stations were found to have one or more variables with inconsistent changes. The sources causing the temporal inconsistency/discontinuity were evaluated, and a method was developed and applied to adjust those data segments containing inconsistent values. The resulting data series, as an alternative to the original quality‐controlled series, showed both spatially and temporally consistent trends in the occurrence frequency of extreme climate events compared with the unadjusted data series. Finally, the quality‐controlled daily data were gridded to a 1.0° × 1.0° grid system covering China after the erroneous and missing data were estimated. This new dataset opens up opportunities for analysing and understanding the climate variability and climate change in China. Copyright © 2004 Royal Meteorological Society
The impact of the alliance on the partners: A look at cause–brand alliances
Authors: Lafferty Barbara A. , Goldsmith Ronald E. , Hult G. Tomas M. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractPartnering charitable causes with brands has become a common practice for many marketing programs; it is referred to strategically as cause‐related marketing. Although there is the perception that both partners benefit from the alliance, research has focused primarily on the benefits to the brand. Using Attitude Accessibility, Congruity, and Information Integration Theories, this study empirically tests a model to evaluate the impact of cause–brand alliances on subsequent attitudes toward both partners. The results of the study (n = 463) support the assumption that attitudes toward both the cause and the brand can be enhanced as a consequence of an alliance if perceptions of the alliance are favorable. Furthermore, the cause appears to benefit from the alliance to a greater extent than the brand. The study supports the notions that the fit between partners plays a pivotal role in consumer acceptance of the alliance as plausible and that familiarity with the cause moderates the effectiveness of the alliance. These results represent a necessary step in developing a theoretical model to explain the effects of a cause–brand alliance on both partners. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An empirical analysis of the determinants of price tolerance
Authors: Herrmann Andreas , Huber Frank , Sivakumar K. , Wricke Martin 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn the context of pricing strategies, the notion of price tolerance is an important construct for academic researchers and marketing managers. In this article, a conceptual model of factors influencing the level of price tolerance is proposed and empirically tested with the use of data collected from airline passengers. The results support most propositions of the conceptual model and offer several insights for managerial action and further academic research. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Association of medically unexplained fatigue with ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism in gulf war veterans
Authors: Vladutiu Georgirene D. , Natelson Benjamin H. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractGenes associated with muscle metabolism and physical endurance were evaluated for variants that may contribute to the etiology of medically unexplained severe and chronic fatigue. Subjects included 49 Gulf War veterans and 61 nonveterans with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) or idiopathic chronic fatigue (ICF) and 30 veterans and 45 nonveterans who served as healthy controls. Increased risk for CFS/ICF was associated with alterations of the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the angiotensin‐converting enzyme gene within the Gulf War veteran sample only. The I allele frequency was decreased in affected versus unaffected veterans (0.15 versus 0.48; odds ratio [OR], 5.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.97–13.35; P < 0.0001). Correspondingly, the II genotype was decreased fourfold in affected veterans (0.08 versus 0.35; OR = 5.87; 95% CI: 1.21–28.36; P = 0.02), and the DD genotype was increased twofold (0.78 versus 0.39; OR, 5.4; 95% CI, 1.6–18.4; P = 0.007). Veterans with the DD genotype were eight times more likely to develop CFS/ICF than were those with the II genotype (OR, 8.30; 95% CI, 1.50–56.09; P = 0.009). Muscle Nerve 30: 38–43, 2004
Processing characteristics and mechanical properties of metallocene catalyzed linear low‐density polyethylene foams for rotational molding
Authors: Archer E. , Harkin‐Jones E. , Kearns M. P. , Fatnes A‐M. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe object of this work is to assess the suitability of metallocene catalyzed linear low‐density polyethylenes for the rotational molding of foams and to link the material and processing conditions to cell morphology and part mechanical properties (flexural and compressive strength). Through adjustments to molding conditions, the significant processing and physical material parameters that optimize metallocene catalyzed linear low‐density polyethylene foam structure have been identified. The results obtained from an equivalent conventional grade of Ziegler‐Natta catalyzed linear low‐density polyethylene are used as a basis for comparison. The key findings of this study are that metallocene catalyzed LLDPE can be used in rotational foam molding to produce a foam that will perform as well as a Ziegler‐Natta catalyzed foam and that foam density is by far the most influential factor over mechanical properties of foam. Polym. Eng. Sci. 44:638–647, 2004. © 2004 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Reactive blending of functionalized polypropylene and polyamide 6: In situ polymerization and in situ compatibilization
Authors: Teng Jing , Otaigbe Joshua U. , Taylor Eric P. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractCompatibilized polypropylene/polyamide 6 blends were prepared with polypropylene, ε‐caprolactam and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene via in situ polymerization and in situ compatibilization in a batch mixer. Scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetric analysis showed that the compatibilizing effect was significantly enhanced through use of this method compared to the classic method of blending premade polymers. The optimum processing parameters were obtained for the reactive blends and the effect of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene content, and the effect of relative weight fraction of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene to ε‐caprolactam on the overall morphology of the blend system was investigated. It was found that the domain sizes of the polypropylene and polyamide components in the blends could be easily controlled through proper management of the polymerization and compatibilizing reactions during processing. Polym. Eng. Sci. 44:648–659, 2004. © 2004 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Rheological study of the influence of branch content on the miscibility of octene m‐LLDPE and ZN‐LLDPE in LDPE
Authors: Hussein Ibnelwaleed A. , Williams Michael C. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe influences of branch content on the miscibility of octene LLDPE made by metal‐locene catalyst (m‐LLDPE) and by Ziegler‐Natta LLDPE (ZN‐LLDPE) in LDPE were investigated with rheological methods. Dynamic and steady shear measurements were carried out in a Rheometrics Mechanical Spectrometer 800. Here, m‐LLDPEs were used to isolate interaction of molecular parameters. Blends of octene m‐LLDPE and ZN‐LLDPE with LDPE were mixed at 190°C in the presence of an adequate amount of antioxidant. The miscibilities of blends were revealed by the dependence of their measured ηo, η′ and G′ on blend composition as well as on agreement with predictions of different emulsion models. Blends of m‐LLDPE with LDPE were found to be almost miscible in the LLDPE branching range 10–30 branches/1000 C. However, immiscibility was found to develop at lower LLDPE branch contents. For ZN‐LLDPE/LDPE systems, branch content plays a significant role especially at low branch contents. The comparison of m‐LLDPE and ZN‐LLDPE systems suggest the strong influence of branch distribution (uniform and random, respectively). Palierne, Bousmina, and Scholz models fitted the loss and storage moduli data well with a value of α/R in the range 103−104 N/m2. Polym. Eng. Sci. 44:660–672, 2004. © 2004 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Interface evolution and penetration behavior during two‐component transfer molding. Part II: Simulation and experiment
Authors: Li C. T. , Isayev A. I. , Warley R. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractSimulation and experimental study of the pressure‐controlled sequential sandwich transfer molding of two SBR rubber compounds under isothermal condition have been carried out to obtain a two‐layered sandwich structure. One SBR compound, which is intended for the skin material, is first laid up in the cavity. Then, another SBR compound, intended for the core material, is transferred to penetrate into the skin material and to push the lay‐up to fully fill the cavity, resulting in an encapsulated skin/core sandwich structure. Two cases involving different material combinations with different viscosity ratios have been studied. The rheological interaction of the skin/core components and its effect on the penetration behavior and interface shape have been investigated. The influence of processing conditions, such as the volume fraction transferred and pressure, is discussed. The penetration and encapsulation behavior, and the interface development are found to be significantly affected by the rheological properties of the compounds and the volume fraction transferred. However, at a constant volume fraction transferred, the pressure imposed during transfer molding is found to have a little effect on the interface development. These experimental findings are in good agreement with the present predictions based on the model and simulation proposed in Part I of this study. Polym. Eng. Sci. 44:697–713, 2004. © 2004 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Simulation and experimental study of microwave heating of single lap adhesive‐bonded polypropylene joint
Authors: So H. W. , Taube A. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractMicrowave heating of modeled single lap adhesive‐bonded polypropylene joint was simulated using a computer program. The modeled joint was heated in an applicator based on a standard rectangular waveguide WR340 operating at 2.45 GHz with TE10 mode. The heating process was represented by a 2‐dimensional numerical model developed previously by the authors. The temperature distribution in the adhesive layer and the heating rate of the joint were predicted. The simulated results were validated by experiments. It was found that the simulation gave reasonably accurate prediction of the microwave heating of an adhesive joint. Polym. Eng. Sci. 44:728–735, 2004. © 2004 Society of Plastics Engineers.