bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refining partial gland ablation for localised prostate cancer: the FALCON project
Authors: Rodriguez‐Sanchez Lara , Cathelineau Xavier , de Reijke Theo M. , Stricker Phillip , Emberton Mark , Lantz Anna , Miñana López Bernardino , Dominguez‐Escrig Jose Luis , Bianco Fernando J. , Salomon Georg , Haider Aiman , Mitra Anita , Bossi Alberto , Compérat Eva , Reiter Robert , Laguna Pilar , Fiard Gaelle , Lunelli Luca , Schade George R. , Chiu Peter Ka‐Fung , Macek Petr , Kasivisvanathan Veeru , Rosette Jean J.M.C.H. , Polascik Thomas J. , Rastinehad Ardeshir R. , Rodriguez Alejandro , Sanchez‐Salas Rafael ,   for The FALCON group
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesTo provide a contemporary statement on focal therapy (FT) for localised prostate cancer (PCa) from an international and diverse group of physicians treating localised PCa, with the aim of overcoming the limitations of previous consensus statements, which were restricted to early adopters, and to offer direction regarding the various aspects of FT application that are currently not well defined.Materials and MethodsThe FocAL therapy CONsensus (FALCON) project began with a 154‐item online survey, developed following a steering committee discussion and literature search. Invitations to participate were extended to a large, diverse group of professionals experienced in PCa management. From 2022 to 2023, a Delphi consensus study consisting of three online rounds was conducted using the Modified Delphi method. A 1–9 Likert scale was used for the survey, which was followed by an in‐person expert meeting. The threshold for achieving consensus was set at 70% agreement/disagreement. Six main aspects of FT were covered: (i) patient selection; (ii) energy source selection; (iii) treatment approach; (iv) treatment evaluation and follow‐up; (v) treatment cost and accessibility; and (vi) future perspectives.ResultsOf 246 initial participants, 148 (60%) completed all three rounds. Based on participant feedback, 27 new statements were added in the second round, and 33 questions related to personal expertise, for which consensus was not necessary, were excluded. After the third and final round, consensus had not been reached for 69 items. These items were discussed at the in‐person meeting, resulting in a consensus of 57 additional items. Consensus was finally not reached on 12 items. Given the volume of data, the voting outcomes are summarised in this article, with a detailed breakdown presented in the form of figures and tables.ConclusionsThe FALCON project delivered a significant consensus on the approach to FT for localised PCa. Additionally, it highlighted gaps in our knowledge that may provide guidance for future research.
Type 4 plant metallothioneins – players in zinc biofortification?
Authors: Mierek‐Adamska Agnieszka , Kulasek Milena , Dąbrowska Grażyna B. , Blindauer Claudia A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTFood security is defined as uninterrupted access to food that meets people's dietary needs. One essential trace element of a complete diet is zinc, which is vital for various processes, including growth, development, and the immune response. The estimated global prevalence of zinc deficiency is around 30%. Meat and meat products provide an abundant and also bioavailable source of zinc. However, in developing countries, access to meat is restricted, and in developed countries, meat consumption has declined for ethical and environmental reasons. The potential for zinc deficiency arises from (i) low concentrations of this element in plant‐based diets, (ii) poor zinc absorption from plant‐based food in the human intestine, and (iii) the risk of uptake of toxic metals together with essential ones. This review summarises the current knowledge concerning type 4 metallothioneins, which represent promising targets for zinc biofortification. We describe their place in the zinc route from soil to seed, their expression patterns, their role in plants, and their three‐dimensional protein structure and how this affects their selectivity towards zinc. This review aims to provide a comprehensive theoretical basis for the potential use of type 4 plant metallothioneins to create zinc‐biofortified crops.
Clinical Presentation of Congenital Hypopituitarism: Lessons From a Large Academic Centre
Authors: Ladd Jennifer M. , Pyle‐Eilola Amy L. , Mamilly Leena , Chaudhari Monika , Henry Rohan K. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivePituitary hormone deficiencies are associated with considerable morbidity, yet the variability of presentation and evolution of congenital hypopituitarism remains unexplored. This study investigated differences in presentation of congenital isolated pituitary hormone deficiency (cIPHD) versus congenital multiple pituitary hormone deficiency (cMPHD) and the progression of cIPHD to multiple deficiencies.Design/Patients/MeasurementsWe conducted a single centre retrospective chart review of children ≤ 3 years old with abnormal brain/pituitary imaging and ≥ 1 pituitary hormone deficiency. cIPHD was defined as 1 hormone deficiency diagnosed within 1 month of endocrine consultation; cMPHD was ≥ 2 deficiencies. Data were summarised by descriptive statistics; Wilcoxon tests (continuous variables) and chi‐square or Fisher's exact tests (categorical variables) were used for comparisons with significance at p < 0.05.ResultsFifty‐six individuals were identified; 46.4% presented with cIPHD and 53.6% with cMPHD. Those with cIPHD were older at initial endocrine consultation (median 62.5 days [IQR 7.3–240.8]) vs. those with cMPHD (10.0 days [6.3–26.5], p = 0.02). Reason for consultation (e.g., abnormal imaging or hypoglycemia) was associated with presentation as cIPHD or cMPHD (p = 0.01). The most common cIPHD at presentation was AVP deficiency (34.6%); the most common cMPHD at presentation was combined ACTH and TSH deficiencies (43.3%). Most individuals with cIPHD (65.4%) progressed to multiple hormone deficiencies by 3 years of age.ConclusionsIndividuals with cMPHD were more likely to be identified earlier and present with hypoglycemia than those with cIPHD. As the majority with cIPHD evolved to cMPHD, close monitoring is necessary to facilitate timely detection and treatment of evolving hormone deficiencies.
Rare Cause 5q SMA: Molecular Genetic and Clinical Analyses of Intragenic Subtle Variants in the SMN Locus
Authors: Mikhalchuk Kristina , Zabnenkova Viktoria , Braslavskaya Svetlana , Chukhrova Alena , Ryadninskaya Nina , Dadaly Elena , Rudenskaya Galina , Sharkova Inna , Anisimova Inga , Bessonova Ludmila , Mishina Irina , Repina Svetlana , Petukhova Marina , Sparber Peter , Kuchina Anna , Saushev Dmitry , Artemieva Svetlana , Kurbatov Sergey , Kanivets Ilya , Zarubina Vera , Barykova Daria , Lisakonova Ekaterina , Polyakov Alexander , Shchagina Olga 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSpinal muscular atrophy 5q (5q SMA) is one of the most prevalent autosomal recessive disorders globally. The underlying cause of 5q SMA is attributed to variants in SMN1. Exon 7 of SMN1 is not detectable in major of probands with 5q SMA, and minor of probands have a combination of the deletion and an intragenic subtle variant in the second allele. From 1991 to 2023, DNA samples from 2796 probands representing unrelated families were analyzed at the Research Centre for Medical Genetics for the diagnosis of 5q SMA. The copy number of Exon 7 of SMN1 and SMN2 was determined for all probands by MLPA. Subsequently, direct automated Sanger sequencing was employed to perform intragenic subtle variant screenings in all 116 probands with one copy of Exon 7 of SMN1. The diagnosis of 5q SMA was confirmed in 1495 probands. Among the 41 probands with one copy of Exon 7 of SMN1 from the initial 116 tested, 24 intragenic subtle variants in SMN1/SMN2 were documented. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize intragenic subtle variants in SMN1 and analyze their relationship with clinical manifestations in probands with 5q SMA in the Russian cohort.
ACKNOWLEDGING THE GAP WHILE BRIDGING IT: The Experimental Versus Theoretical Divide on the Cognitive Science Study of Language
Authors: Luo Zhuosi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn recent years, the intersection of psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics, and theoretical linguistics has gained considerable attention in studies on the cognitive science of language. However, a significant gap still persists between advanced theoretical models and current experimental research capabilities. This study examines this divide, highlighting examples across various linguistic subfields and proposing potential approaches to bridge the gap.
C2C—conflict to coexistence: A global approach to manage human–wildlife conflict for coexistence
Authors: Gross Eva M. , Jayasinghe Nilanga , Dahal Smriti , Tenzin Sither , Klenzendorf Sybille , Vannelli Kate , van Gils Elke , Hilderink‐Koopmans Femke , McVey Drew , Banasiak Natalia , Boron Valeria , Frances Diana , Petrone Sandra , Elliott Wendy , Cranston Kayla , Clemens Kate , Moore Jennifer F. , Glikman Jenny A. , Kansky Ruth , Marchini Silvio , Bhatia Saloni , Kinnaird Margaret F. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHuman–wildlife conflict (HWC) presents a growing challenge to conservation and development worldwide. World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and experts on human–wildlife coexistence strategies have responded to this challenge by developing a holistic, globally applicable approach to HWC management that can be tailored to specific local, regional, or national contexts. Its framework addresses the complexity of essential HWC management and long‐term coexistence strategies and is implemented in a structured yet contextualized step‐by‐step sequence by a team of facilitators and multiple stakeholders. The C2C: Conflict to Coexistence Approach centers on four principles (tolerance is maintained, responsibility is shared, resilience is built, holism is fundamental), four outcomes (wildlife thrives alongside human presence, habitat sufficient to maintain viable wildlife populations, people able and willing to live alongside wildlife, livelihoods/assets secured against presence of wildlife), and six HWC management elements (policy and governance, understanding interactions, prevention, response, mitigation, monitoring) that are to be implemented in an integrated way. It is currently undergoing testing in diverse pilot sites across three continents and demonstrating positive initial results. Here, we share the framework and methodology of the approach and initial results and experiences from these pilot sites.
Peer Academic Supports for Success: Pilot Randomised Controlled Feasibility Trial
Authors: Davis Maryann , Hutchinson Dori , Cherchia Paul , Wang Bo , Golden Laura , Morrison Emily , Baczko Amanda 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionMental health conditions are prevalent among university students, putting them at elevated risk for dropout. Universities offer an array of peer programmes, and students often share their concerns with peers before professionals. A well‐specified peer intervention to help sustain academic persistence that colleges can directly offer their undergraduates with mental health conditions should benefit this population. The Peer Academic Supports for Success coaching model was developed to address this need.ObjectiveThis study's goal was to conduct a feasibility and preliminary impact study of the Peer Academic Supports for Success model and feasibility of randomised controlled trial research methods.MethodsSeventy‐two undergraduate students with academically impairing mental health conditions were randomised to receive Peer Academic Supports for Success versus an active control condition. Survey data were collected at baseline and at the end of the next two semesters. Official transcripts were obtained. Intervention implementation data were assessed through coach and participant report.ResultsPeer Academic Supports for Success was delivered with fidelity, successfully attracted and retained students, and was safe. Randomised controlled trial methods proved feasible. Findings revealed significant treatment effects on several of the targeted proximal outcomes.ConclusionsThe findings suggest Peer Academic Supports for Success is a promising university‐based intervention to support young adult students with mental health conditions and should be tested in a robust clinical trial.
Barriers and Facilitators to Motivation for Work and School in First Episode Psychosis: A Qualitative Exploration
Authors: Balogun O. , DeTore N. R. , Dokholyan K. , Cather C. , Tepper M. C. , Lanca M. , Mueser K. T. , Russinova Z. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimDecreased motivation has been found to be the strongest predictor of poor work or school functioning among individuals with psychosis. Since motivation decreases immediately following onset of psychosis, it may be an ideal potential target for intervention. The aim of this study was to explore the specific barriers and facilitators to motivation through experiences of those living with first episode psychosis.MethodA total of 40 individuals recently diagnosed with psychosis and receiving treatment within a coordinated specialty care program completed a semi‐structured qualitative interview. Audio recordings were transcribed and independently coded by three reviewers.ResultsThemes emerged regarding barriers to work and school motivation, such as challenging mental health symptoms, discouragement resulting from negative perceptions/experiences, mental health treatment/side effects, uncertainty about the future, pressure of expectations from others, financial and legal concerns, and fear of symptom recurrence. Similarly, participants described several motivational facilitators for work and school including the opinions of others, financial needs and desires, career aspirations, beneficial mental health treatment, positive attitudes about mental illness, desire for autonomy and desire for meaning in daily life.DiscussionBetter understanding of the factors that drive motivation for work and school among those with first episode psychosis may facilitate identification of ways to optimise existing treatments and/or develop more targeted approaches.
A Review of Fe–S–C Dynamics in Blue Carbon Environments: Potential Influence of Coastal Acid Sulfate Soils
Authors: Tan Julie H. Y. , Mosley Luke M. , Wong Vanessa N. L. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTVegetated blue carbon environments have the potential to sequester large amounts of carbon due to their high productivity and typically saturated, anaerobic soils that promote carbon accumulation. Despite this, and the coupling of Fe–S–C cycling processes, the influence of iron (Fe) in acid sulfate soils (ASSs) on carbon sequestration in blue carbon environments has yet to be systematically explored. To address this knowledge gap, this review provides an overview linking the current state of blue carbon studies with the influence of Fe on soil organic carbon (SOC), as well as the potential influence ASSs have on carbon sequestration. A systematic literature review on SOC stock in blue carbon studies using the Web of Science database yielded 1477 results. Studies that investigated the drivers of carbon accumulation in blue carbon studies were restricted to vegetation species/structure and geomorphic setting, and few focused on soil properties and type. Iron both protects and enhances SOC decomposition depending on its redox state. Under oxic conditions, Fe oxyhydroxides can protect SOC via adsorption, co‐precipitation and by acting as a cement in soil aggregates. Iron can also increase SOC decomposition under oxic conditions due to Fenton reactions. However, under anoxic conditions, SOC mineralisation can also occur as Fe acts as an electron transporter in dissimilatory reductions. ASSs contain a range of Fe minerals, but the oxidation of Fe sulfides can result in soil acidification (pH < 4) and subsequent impacts, such as a decline in vegetation health, poor water quality and infrastructure damage. Therefore, potential SOC protection by Fe under oxic conditions may come at the cost of soil acidification in ASSs, while maintaining anoxic conditions prevents acidification but may enhance SOC decomposition. Future studies on the influence of ASSs on Fe–S–C cycling and carbon sequestration in blue carbon environments are important, particularly for ‘hotspots’ such as Australia.
Bridging the Gap: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Impact of the Involvement of Researchers With Lived Experience on a Multisite Randomised Control Trial in the National Probation Service in England and Wales
Authors: Simes Elizabeth , Butler Stephen , Allison Elizabeth , Barrett Barbara , Bateman Anthony , Cameron Angus , Crawford Mike , Frater Alison , Hoare Zoe , McMurran Mary , Moran Paul , Pilling Stephen , Wason James , Yakeley Jessica , Fonagy Peter 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionMethodological and ethical arguments support the involvement of individuals with lived experience in research to reduce engagement barriers and ensure those directly affected by studies contribute to knowledge generation. However, there is limited evidence on the impact of including researchers with lived experience of serving a prison or community sentence in clinical trials. This qualitative study aimed to explore the value of involving researchers with lived experience of the criminal justice system as data collectors in the Mentalization for Offending Adult Males (MOAM), a multisite RCT conducted in the National Probation Service in England and Wales.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 30 trial participants and 17 key stakeholders, either in person or via telephone. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.FindingsFive themes emerged for trial participants and 11 for key stakeholders. For some, lived experience researchers helped overcome engagement barriers by fostering common ground with participants who were serving a prison or community sentence during recruitment. Participants reported that the involvement of lived experience researchers enhanced the study by facilitating knowledge transfer in certain instances. However, their inclusion did not eliminate all barriers and, for some participants, introduced new challenges to engagement.ConclusionForensic lived experience researchers bridged the gap by fostering trust between data collectors and participants. Future studies should ensure that lived experience researchers receive adequate clinical supervision to support their role. The adopted methodology challenged assumptions about knowledge generation and stereotypes associated with being an ex‐offender, benefiting both lived experience and traditional researchers.Patient or Public ContributionThe study was developed in collaboration with User Voice (charity number: 1136047), who contributed to the study's design and conduct. The service user organisation co‐designed the interview schedule and directed the protocol for participant payments, emphasising a consistent approach to avoid tokenism and ensure equal recognition of all contributions. The dissemination plan was developed in partnership with individuals with lived experience of the criminal justice system.
Weight development in children with obesity without treatment: A Danish cohort study with long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Jørgensen Rasmus Møller , Bruun Jens Meldgaard , Fogh Mette , Altaba Iris Iglesia , Moreno Luis A. , Støvring Henrik , Østergaard Jane Nautrup 
Published: February 2025

SummaryIntroductionLimited insight exists into the weight development in children with obesity not receiving obesity treatment.MethodsThis cohort study included 467 Danish children aged 5–10 years with obesity (iso‐BMI >30 kg/m2) not receiving treatment. Data from mandatory health check‐ups on school‐children's height and weight (converted to BMI z‐scores) were merged with the Danish National Registries. A multivariable logistic regression weighted for the duration of follow‐up was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) for normalization of BMI (iso‐BMI 18.5–25 kg/m2) and obesity remission (iso‐BMI 18.5–30 kg/m2).ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of more than 6 years, 7.9% of the children normalized their BMI, while 45.4% obtained obesity remission. BMI z‐score at inclusion acted as a strong inverse predictor for normalizing BMI (OR 0.14 per one‐unit SD, CI: 0.03–0.53) and for obesity remission (OR 0.17 per one‐unit SD, CI: 0.08–0.37). No other significant predictors were observed in the weighted multivariable models.ConclusionHigher BMI z‐scores inversely predict normalizing BMI and achieving obesity remission in untreated children. Given that many children naturally achieve obesity remission or weight normalization, resources should focus on understanding barriers of obesity maintenance and to develop effective strategies for those who do not experience improvement.
Microstructural, magnetic, dielectric, and optical studies of La‐doped Sr2Fe0.5Hf1.5O6 double perovskite oxides
Authors: Tang Qingkai , Zhu Xinhua 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHerein, we report on the structural, magnetic, dielectric, and optical properties of La‐doped Sr2‐xLaxFe0.5Hf1.5O6 (SLFHO, 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 2.0) double perovskite oxides synthesized by solid‐state reaction method. X‐ray powder diffraction data and their Rietveld refinement reveal that the SLFHO powders crystallize in an orthorhombic structure with the Pnma space group. The SLFHO powders exhibit spherical morphology with an average particle size of 160 nm, as shown from SEM images. Their molar ratios of the Sr:La:Fe:Hf elements were determined as 1.77:0.50:0.50:1.95 by energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy data, approaching their nominal stoichiometry. X‐ray photoelectron spectra verified that Sr2+, La3+, Fe3+, and Hf4+ (Hfx+) ions existed in the SLFHO powders, and oxygen existed in species lattice oxygen and adsorbed oxygen, respectively. The SLFHO powders exhibit ferromagnetic behavior at 2 and 300 K, respectively, and at 2 K the saturated magnetization was 5.66 emu/g (or 0.60 μB/f.u.). Magnetic transition temperature, TC was determined to be 867 K. Dielectric measurements demonstrated a strong frequency‐dependent dielectric behavior observed in the SLFHO ceramics and a relaxor‐like dielectric behavior appearing in the temperature range of 200–600 K. Such relaxor‐like dielectric behavior is ascribed to the dielectric response of the singly‐ionized oxygen vacancies ( an activation energy of 0.54 eV. Room temperature optical properties of the SLFHO powders examined by using UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy exhibit high optical absorption in this wavelength region, and a wide indirect optical bandgap (Eg = 3.39 eV) was estimated using the Tauc's relation from the diffuse reflectance spectra. The SLFHO double perovskite oxides display high‐temperature ferrimagnetism, relaxor‐like dielectric behavior, and wide optical bandgap, making them potential to be employed in the fields of high‐temperature spintronics and magnetic semiconductor devices.