bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of data-augmentation on deep learning in evaluating rapid on-site cytopathology at endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration
Authors: Fujii Yuki , Uchida Daisuke , Sato Ryosuke , Obata Taisuke , Matsumi Akihiro , Miyamoto Kazuya , Morimoto Kosaku , Terasawa Hiroyuki , Yamazaki Tatsuhiro , Matsumoto Kazuyuki , Horiguchi Shigeru , Tsutsumi Koichiro , Kato Hironari , Cho Ten , Tanimoto Takayoshi , Ohto Akimitsu , Inoue Hirofumi , Kawahara Yoshiro , Otsuka Motoyuki 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Rapid on-site cytopathology evaluation (ROSE) has been considered an effective method to increase the diagnostic ability of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA); however, ROSE is unavailable in most institutes worldwide due to the shortage of cytopathologists. To overcome this situation, we created an artificial intelligence (AI)-based system (the ROSE-AI system), which was trained with the augmented data to evaluate the slide images acquired by EUS-FNA. This study aimed to clarify the effects of such data-augmentation on establishing an effective ROSE-AI system by comparing the efficacy of various data-augmentation techniques. The ROSE-AI system was trained with increased data obtained by the various data-augmentation techniques, including geometric transformation, color space transformation, and kernel filtering. By performing five-fold cross-validation, we compared the efficacy of each data-augmentation technique on the increasing diagnostic abilities of the ROSE-AI system. We collected 4,059 divided EUS-FNA slide images from 36 patients with pancreatic cancer and nine patients with non-pancreatic cancer. The diagnostic ability of the ROSE-AI system without data augmentation had a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 87.5%, 79.7%, and 83.7%, respectively. While, some data-augmentation techniques decreased diagnostic ability, the ROSE-AI system trained only with the augmented data using the geometric transformation technique had the highest diagnostic accuracy (88.2%). We successfully developed a prototype ROSE-AI system with high diagnostic ability. Each data-augmentation technique may have various compatibilities with AI-mediated diagnostics, and the geometric transformation was the most effective for the ROSE-AI system.
Rhoifolin Improves Bleomycin-induced Fibrosis in Vivo and in Vitro through NRF2/HO-1 Pathway
Authors: Wang Xuehua , Wang Qing , Zhou Panyu , Zhang Junhong , Su Haojie , Liu Fanlu , Wu Jingjing , Han Ling , Liu Liang , Xiao Fengxia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose: An investigation shows that COVID-19's convalescing pulmonary lesions will experience varying degrees of fibrosis after being inspected by an imaging test. Traditional Chinese medicine frequently treats pulmonary fibrosis using honeysuckle. Rhoifolin (ROF), which is in large amounts of honeysuckle and has some anti-inflammatory qualities, has yet to be researched to see if it also has anti-fibrosis properties. This investigation will examine the main mechanism and see if rhoifolin can alleviate experimental lung fibrosis.
Methods: Bleomycin was used to establish the lung fibrosis model in SD rats, and the effects of ROF on lung histopathology and appearance, as well as PCR measurements, were observed. Expression levels were determined by Western blot analysis. Bleomycin and LPS were used to cause pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation in A549 lung epithelial cells. Related mRNA were measured using real-time PCR following treatment with BLM and LPS, respectively. A western blot was performed to identify the signal pathway's activation.
Results: The results showed that ROF lessened lung tissue damage in rats with pulmonary fibrosis. Reduce the level of pulmonary fibrosis in rat lung tissue and increase SMAD7 and HO-1 protein expression while lowering N-cadherin protein expression in vivo. In an in vitro experiment, A549 cells were modeled using BLM and LPS, respectively. ROF may decrease the relative protein expression of N-cadherin, P-JAK1, P-IKKβ, and PP65 while increasing Nrf2, Smad7, and HO-1 protein expression.
Conclusion: The findings of this study provide proof that ROF has a strong inhibitory effect on pulmonary fibrosis and that its mechanism is closely linked to the NRF2/HO-1 pathway. As a result, our research provides robust experimental support for the potential use of ROF as a potential therapeutic agent for ameliorating pulmonary fibrosis.
The efficacy and safety of adding anlotinib in gradual progression on third-generation EGFR-TKIs for EGFR-mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Xiang Hai , Ding Danna , Chen Xuefei , Zhao Jinkai , Jin Guangjun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Acquired resistance is unavoidable with the approval of third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for first-line therapy of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Some studies have found that combining anti-angiogenesis medicines with EGFR-TKI may benefit clinical outcomes in EGFR-mutant NSCLC. However, it is unclear whether EGFR TKI paired with anti-angiogenesis therapy could further improve survival for patients with gradual progression. Thus, we evaluated the clinical effectiveness and safety of continuous EGFR-TKI in combination with anlotinib in patients who had gradual progression on third-generation EGFR-TKI treatment.
Methods: The effectiveness and safety of anlotinib coupled with continuous EGFR-TKI versus EGFR-TKI monotherapy in EGFR-mutant patients treated with first-line third-generation EGFR-TKIs in gradual progression were compared. The efficacy and safety were analyzed. The compare of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between two groups was used the Kaplan-Meier method.
Results: Our study comprised 121 eligible patients in total.In the combination group, there were 60 patients, while in the EGFR-TKI monotherapy group, there were 61 patients. The objectiveresponse rates (ORR) were 25.0% and 0%, the disease response rate (DCR) was 91.7% and 86.9% in combination group and EGFR-TKIs monotherapy group. The median PFS of combinedanlotinib and EGFR-TKIs treatment were 6.7 months and mPFS was 3.6 months in the EGFR-TKI monotherapy group (P <0.001). Regarding the OS, there were no significant differences between the two groups. The common adverse reaction were diarrhea(21.7%), hypertension (21.6%) and proteinuria (20.0%) in combination group. Seven patients experienced the grade 3 or higher adverse event, no patients discounted the treatment or died due to the toxicity.
Conclusion: The results of our study indicated that, when combined with anlotinib following gradual progression on EGFR-TKIs, it was more efficacious for EGFR mutant NSCLC patients than EGFR TKI monotherapy. And the toxicity was clinically manageable.
Lipids, lipid-modifying drug Target genes and Bladder cancer: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Pan Wenkai , Xianjing Hu , Ren Siyan , Hu Chenliang , Lin Baochai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is among the 10th most common malignancies with high morbidity and mortality. Statins and emerging lipid-modifying drug targets may also show potential in treating BLCA and lowering cholesterol levels. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis provides insights into the causal relationship between exposure and disease. This study aimed to explore genetically predicted lipid traits, drug targets and their relationship with BLCA risk.
Methods
Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed using genetic variants associated with lipid traits and gene variants encoding protein targets for various lipid-lowering drugs. Specific drug classes studied include HMGCR, PCSK9, NPC1L1, LDLR and APOB. For lipid-modifying drug targets that exhibited suggestive significance, cis-expression quantitative trait locus and genome-wide association study colocalization analyses were implemented to assess whether causal variants were shared.
Results
BLCA risk was associated with HDL (OR 1.0002, 95% CI 0.9992-1.0011, P=0.723), LDL (OR 1.0005, 95% CI 0.9997-1.0012, P=0.220), and TG (OR 1.0004, 95% CI 0.9992-1.0015, P=0.511). IVW-MR analysis observed HMGCR inhibition was significantly associated with a reduced risk of BLCA (OR 0.9954, 95% CI 0.9920-0.9988, P=0.009). Similarly, SMR analysis found that a higher expression of HMGCR was associated with a higher risk of BLCA (OR 1.0034, 95% CI 1.0006-1.0063, P=0.0179). Sensitivity analyses found no statistically significant evidence of pleiotropy or genetic confounding for bias.
Conclusion
In summary, this MR study demonstrated that inhibiting HMGCR may have a protective effect on BLCA, independent of the lipid-lowering effects of statins. Further research should investigate the precise mechanisms and translational potential of statins for BLCA prevention and treatment beyond cholesterol lowering.
Using ancient sedimentary DNA to forecast ecosystem trajectories under climate change
Authors: Alsos Inger Greve , Boussange Victor , Rijal Dilli Prasad , Beaulieu Marieke , Brown Antony Gavin , Herzschuh Ulrike , Svenning Jens-Christian , Pellissier Loïc 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ecosystem response to climate change is complex. In order to forecast ecosystem dynamics, we need high-quality data on changes in past species abundance that can inform process-based models. Ancient DNA has revolutionised our ability to document past ecosystems' dynamics. It provides time-series of increased taxonomic resolution compared to microfossils (pollen, spores), and can often give species-level information, especially for past vascular plant and mammal abundances. Time series are much richer in information than contemporary spatial distribution information, which have been traditionally used to train models for predicting biodiversity and ecosystem responses to climate change. Here, we outline the potential contribution of sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) to forecast ecosystem changes. We showcase how species-level time-series may allow quantification of the effect of biotic interactions in ecosystem dynamics, and be used to estimate dispersal rates when a dense network of sites is available. By combining palaeo-time series, process-based models, and inverse modelling, we can recover the biotic and abiotic processes underlying ecosystem dynamics, which are traditionally very challenging to characterise. Dynamic models informed by sedaDNA can further be used to extrapolate beyond current dynamics and provide robust forecasts of ecosystem responses to future climate change.
Reasons why huge saccular aneurysms do not rupture in patient with polycythemia: a case report
Authors: Mitsuishi Atsuyuki , Nakamura Hiromasa , Miura Yujiro , Miyata Tsuyoshi , Orihashi Kazumasa , Yoshida Keisuke , Araki Kouhei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Morphologically, the risk of aortic aneurysm rupture is mainly evaluated based on the diameter and type (e.g., fusiform or saccular). Recently, based on finite element analysis, a sac depth/neck width > 0.8 and aspect ratio (vertical diameter/horizontal diameter) < 1.0 indicate a high risk of rupture. However, some aneurysms do not rupture despite a high risk according to the morphology. Therefore, the influence of other risk factors of aortic aneurysm rupture should be considered.
Case presentation:
A saccular aortic aneurysm (84 mm) was incidentally detected during preoperative examination for chronic empyema in a 74-year-old male patient with a history of polycythemia. Aortic arch graft replacement using an open stent was performed.
Conclusions
Morphologically, this case was associated with a very high risk of rupture; nevertheless, it did not rupture. It has been reported that the wall stress based on finite element reflects the risk of rupture more accurately than the rupture risk based on the diameter of aneurysm. The neck of saccular aneurysm is the highest peak wall stress and is linked to the rupture point. Additionally, it has been reported that the disappearance of endothelial cells is associated with a high risk of rupture. Although a mural thrombus leads to vascular necrosis and aneurysm formation by blocking blood supply from vasa vasorum, in this case, a mural thrombus (likely formed due to polycythemia) covered the neck of aneurysm and embolized within saccular aneurysm preserving intima like coil embolization, and a decrease in peak wall stress could be attributed to reduction in the risk of rupture even for huge saccular aneurysms.
Novel Methods for Post-Fire Self-healing of Concrete
Authors: Vedrtnam Ajitanshu , Palou Martin T. , Varela Hugo , Kalauni Kishor , Barelunga Gonzalo , Chaturvedi Shashikant 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Fire is a significant threat to civil infrastructures. It is well established that fire exposure deteriorates, whereas selected bacteria self-heal the concrete. Civil engineers crave to substitute concrete with alternatives having superior post-fire performance. The post-fire rehydration of concrete allows recovery of the pore structures to an extent without much change in the mechanical properties and durability. The present work reports the post-fire self-healing of the concrete using encapsulated or immobilized bacteria for the first time in literature. The significant challenges to achieving post-fire self-healing are ensuring the survival of bacteria during the fire and triggering activation afterward. Novel encapsulation and immobilization strategies are reported to protect bacteria incorporated in the concrete samples during the fire and later facilitate bacteria activation for strengthening. Along with the destractive testing, ultrasonic testing was performed to evaluate deterioration of concrete due to fire. Morphology of the samples was investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy. Finally, a comparison of post-fire self-healing methods of concrete is discussed. The study establishes temperature limits for self-healing with the tested encapsulation methods.
Pharmacokinetics of lidocaine and its active metabolites in patients with obesity undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery: A prospective clinical study
Authors: Zhang Mengyu , Jin Ying , Yuan Xueying , He Chaoqun , Han Mei , Tu Faping , Wang Zhenlei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose Lidocaine is widely used in laparoscopic bariatric surgery for obese patients. However, the impact of obesity on the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine and its metabolites is still unclear. This study aimed to compare the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine and its active metabolites in patients with obesity and normal-weight patients after a single lidocaine intravenous administration during surgery.
Methods Sixty patients were enrolled in this study, including thirty patients with obesity undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and thirty normal-weight patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. All patients were administered a single intravenous bolus of lidocaine (2%, 1.5 mg/kg) before the operation. Arterial blood samples were collected during the surgery to analyze the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine and its metabolites. The lidocaine-related adverse events (AEs) were recorded throughout the study.
Results: The obese patients showed a significantly higher peak time (P = 0.008), half-life (P <0.0001), and volume of distribution (P <0.0001) of lidocaine compared to the normal-weight patients. Conversely, the lidocaine peak concentration (P = 0.035), clearance (P = 0.032), and elimination rate (P <0.0001) were lower in the patients with obesity. The differences in the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine metabolites between the two groups were similar to those of lidocaine. No serious AEs related to lidocaine were reported.
Conclusion Obesity significantly affects the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine and its active metabolites, and administrating lidocaine intravenously based on adjusted body weight is safe and reasonable for obese patients.
Trial registration ChiCTR2200064980, 25 October 2022
Spatial analysis of remote sensing and meteorological indices in a drought event in southwestern Spain
Authors: Quirós Elia , Fragoso-Campón Laura 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The effects of global warming and climate change are being felt through more extreme and prolonged periods of drought. Multiple meteorological indices are used to measure drought, but they require hydrometeorological data; however, other indices measured by remote sensing and used to quantify vegetation vigor can be correlated with the former. This, this study investigated the correlation between both index types by vegetation type and season. The correlations were also spatially modeled in a drought event in southwestern Spain. In addition, three maps with different levels of detail in terms of vegetation categorization were compared. The results generally showed that grassland was the most well correlated category between the SPEI and the FAPAR, LAI and NDVI. This correlation was more pronounced in autumn and spring, which is when most changes in vegetation senescence occur. The spatiotemporal analysis indicated a very similar behavior for grasslands grouped in an area indicated by the climate change adaptation maps as having a high evapotranspiration forecast. Finally, in a forest-based forecast analysis, the indices that best explained the performance of the SPEI were again FAPAR, LAI and NDVI, with a lag of up to 20 days. Therefore, the results showed that remotely sensed indices are good indicators of drought status and can be variably explanatory of traditional drought indicators. Moreover, complementing the study with spatiotemporal analysis made it possible to detect areas particularly vulnerable to climate change.
Isomerization pathway of a C-C sigma bond dinickel(II) bis(octaazamacrocyclic) complex activated by deprotonation - a DFT study
Authors: Jelemenská Ingrid , Zalibera MIchal , Rapta Peter , Dobrov Anatoly A. , Arion Vladimir B. , Bučinský Lukáš 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The anti (a) to syn (s) isomerization pathway of the deprotonated form of the carbon-carbon (C-C) σ dimer complex with two nickel(II) 15-membered octaazamacrocyclic units was investigated. For the initial anti (a) structure, a deprotonation of one of the bridging (sp3 hybridized) carbon atoms is suggested to allow for an a to s geometry twist. A 360° scan around the bridging C-C dihedral angle was performed first to find an intermediate geometry. Subsequently, the isomerization pathway was explored via individual steps using a series of mode redundant geometry optimizations and geometry relaxations leading to the s structure. The prominent geometries (intermediates) of the isomerization pathway are chosen and compared to the a and s structures. Finally, geometry relaxations of the protonated forms of selected intermediates are considered. It is shown that albeit the reaction barrier appears to be higher than that obtained in the experiment, the DFT series of mode redundant geometry optimizations and geometry relaxations proves itself useful in the exploration of the isomerization pathway of the chosen diastereomeric dinickel(II) bis(octaazamacrocyclic) complex.
Behaviour and Satisfaction of Agricultural Extension Workers Towards the Impact of Usage Technical Guidance and Socialization Propaktani
Authors: Juniarti Hafni Amalia , Raya Alia Bihrajihant , Subejo Subejo , Kaliky Rahima , Andarwati Siti 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Most extension workers in Indonesia participated in the Technical Guidance and Socialization of the Corporate-Based Food Crop Area Development Program (BTS Propaktani) information system as one of the adoption innovation channels. The variables studied were Behavioral Intention, Usage Behavior, User Satisfaction, and Net Impact. The population of this study was agricultural extension workers in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, as many as 371 people, and the sampling method used accidental sampling of 133 extension workers. Data analysis is using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling. The model estimator is the PLS Algorithm. This research used a higher-order construct on Behavioural Intention reflected by System Quality, Hedonic Motivation, and Personal Innovativeness. Use Behavior is reflected in the suitability of use. User Satisfaction is reflected in satisfaction with attending webinars and rewatching. The Net Impact of use is reflected in individual and organizational impacts. Behavioural Intention has a positive and significant effect on Usage Behavior of 0.581. Usage Behavior has a positive and significant effect on the net impact of 0.299. Usage Behavior has a positive and significant effect on user satisfaction of 0.395. User satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on the net impact of 0.621. Behavioural Intention significantly affects the net impact by mediating Usage Behavior and User Satisfaction with a path coefficient of 0.143. This study describes that Usage Behaviour, User Satisfaction, and Net Impact have Q2 values categorized as medium, small, and medium predictive relevance. The SRMR result is 0.054 <0.10, as the model fits the empirical data.
Keywords: Agriculture extension, information system, behaviour intention, usage behaviour, user satisfaction, net impact
Quantitative analysis of normal coronary artery luminal dimensions in Ethiopia
Authors: Zena Dawit , Bifa Nuwama , Alemayehu Bekele , Guteta Senbeta , Abebe Sintayehu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background: Coronary luminal dimension is proven to affect the revascularization procedures techniques and outcomes. On the other hands, coronary atherosclerotic disease distribution has been shown to vary among communities due to variation in coronary sizes. This study aims to determine the normal coronary arteries lumen dimensions in Ethiopia.
Methods: 152 normal coronary angiographies were selected from 834 consecutive angiographies conducted at two hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from March 2017 through December 2020. Selection was for smooth vessel lumen borders, and / or absence of filling defects indicating freedom from atherosclerosis. Quantification of each coronary luminal diameter at proximal, middle and distal segments in standardized projection was conducted by a fully automated edge detection software system.
Results: Mean luminal diameter for total study population found to be 3.35 ± 0.48mm for proximal right coronary artery, 4.48 ± 0.70mm for left main coronary artery, 3.65 ± 0.60mm for left anterior descending artery and 3.32 ±0.53mm for left circumflex coronary artery.
Conclusions: This may mark the first estimates of coronary vessels diameters in Ethiopia.