bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evangelicals and Star Wars: Appropriating a Culture from a Galaxy Far, Far Away
Authors: Wainer Alex 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter investigates the evangelical reception of the Star Wars franchise across four decades. Reading across a wealth of texts—books, magazines, online forums, and ad copy—the chapter illuminates how evangelicals, seeking to model appropriate forms of Christian consumption, have interpreted Star Wars through assimilative typology and critical apologetics. In these commentaries, the chapter is attentive to evangelicals’ anxiety over the syncretic religious influences (Eastern, New Age, and occult as well as Christian) of the Star Wars universe. He anatomizes how evangelicals have tried to reconcile the mixed mystical nature of “the Force” and the uncertain spiritual attitudes of Star Wars fans to the message of the Gospel, which they see as theirs to defend.
The Rise and Fall of Evangelical Protestant Apocalyptic Horror: From A Thief in the Night to Left Behind and Beyond
Authors: Beal Timothy 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter highlights the importance of horror to the emergence, in the late 1960s and early 1970s, of filmmaking companies that sought to popularize evangelicalism among teenagers and twentysomethings. The most successful of the movies produced and distributed by these companies, Donald Thompson’s Thief in the Night (1972), launched the genre of evangelical horror, and remains to this day one of the most widely seen independent films of all time. As the chapter demonstrates, with close attention to form, Thief in the Night’s longevity stems from Thompson’s fusion of apocalyptic prophecy—“the end of days”—with the conventions of low-budget secular horror movies from the same period, such as George A. Romero’s Night of the Living Dead (1968). The chapter tracks aesthetic shifts from horror to thriller and back again, showing how these are symptomatic of the changing face of evangelical apocalyptic culture.
The Western: Radical Forgiveness in Unforgiven
Authors: Vaux Sara Anson 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter discovers in Clint Eastwood’s Unforgiven an alternative Protestant ethic, radical forgiveness, that comes to terms with contingency, suffering, and loss without recourse to the genre’s sanctified violence and portentous sense of destiny. Eastwood, whose High Plains Drifter (1973), echoes William S. Hart’s silent classic Hell’s Hinges by having its hero burn an irredeemable town to the ground, has long been sensitive to the sermonic underpinnings of the genre, which often invokes the rhetoric of the jeremiad. In Unforgiven, Eastwood achieves his most mature vision of the Western, one that forgoes the genre’s avenging angels and redeemers to live within forgiveness. The chapter finds this Western thoroughly indebted to American Puritanism for its ethos and narrative tropes.
Protestant Pacifist: War and Pacifism in Mel Gibson’s Hacksaw Ridge
Authors: Rindge Matthew S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Mel Gibson’s Hacksaw Ridge, about the World War II career of soldier Desmond Doss—Seventh-day Adventist, pacifist, and improbable Medal of Honor winner—is the most overtly Christian war film produced in America since the Vietnam era. This chapter seeks to understand why Gibson, a Catholic, became attracted to this Protestant hero’s story and to what extent Hacksaw Ridge remains a Protestant story in Gibson’s retelling. Integral to answering these questions is the issue of how a war film, conventionally focused on training for combat and killing in combat, can effectively address the conscience of a religious pacifist. For an instructional parallel, the chapter compares and contrasts Hacksaw Ridge to the Oscar-winning classic Sergeant York (1941) in order to demonstrate that Gibson takes Doss’s pacifism and his biblical reasons very seriously, even if Hacksaw Ridge never implies any critique of militarism or the American civil religion that justifies it.
Lost in Adaptation: Aslan’s Divinity and the Purpose of Real Pain in Narnia Versus Fantasy Film
Authors: Brown Devin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter turns attention to one of the most successful fantasy film series of recent years and examines them as adaptations of their Protestant literary source. C. S. Lewis invented the genre of Christian fantasy fiction, imbuing the stuff of fantasy with meanings rooted in Anglican theology and Christian eschatology. The film series trilogy, launched with The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (2005), adapted Lewis’s beloved books to the fantasy movie genre. Although the films were produced by Walden Media and were promoted to Christians using niche marketing techniques, Brown finds that the film adaptation dilutes some of Lewis’s key spiritual insights. Brown is not making a simple objection of infidelity to the text but explaining how the filmmakers have transformed the Narnia stories into something more palliative to secular, therapeutic culture than Lewis intended.
Patterns of Acculturation and Social Positionality in the United States
Authors: Organista Kurt C. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this first chapter of the book, acculturation theory is used as a framework for organizing a brief but salient overview of Latino history in America in order to better understand the current social positionality of the oldest and largest Latino populations: Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans. By comparing and contrasting the acculturation histories of these Latino populations, and more specifically the inverse relation between acculturative stress and socioeconomic status, psychosocial, and health problem patterns and profiles are elucidated. The inclusion of key historical events and figures in Latino history and current experience inform this chapter’s foundational analysis.
Patterns of Acculturation and Social Positionality in the United States
Authors: Organista Kurt C. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter analyzes the acculturation and adaptation of Americans of Central American and Dominican descent, with emphasis on the major role of U.S. involvement in the civil wars of these countries, especially during the Reagan Administrations (1981 to 1989), propelling hundreds of thousands of refugees and immigrants to this country. Subsequent federal laws and immigration statuses (Temporary Protected Status or TPS, Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals or DACA), as well as the Sanctuary Movement, are discussed in relation to the various and uneven ways they continue to shape the health and well-being of these more recent, smaller, but rapidly growing Latino populations.
The Latino Family
Authors: Organista Kurt C. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter provides a description and empirical overview of the Latino family, as well as an eco-systemic theoretical framework, followed by a selective review of significant family-related problems and socioculturally competent interventions. Variations in family structure, functions, and core values and practices in response to acculturation are emphasized, including family destabilization and the need for bicultural flexibility and expansion to optimize adaptation in America.
Latino Health
Authors: Organista Kurt C. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
An immense amount of Latino-focused health research has accrued since the first edition of this textbook published in 2007, when the overall prognosis of Latino health in American was deemed mixed at best. This chapter provides an updated overview of Latino health and selective review of major health challenges over-affecting Latinos in America. Emphasis is placed on the problematic pattern of limited health education and access (e.g., via insurance) resulting in late detection and care, and hence excessive morbidity and mortality from diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, cancer, and HIV/AIDS. Effective socioculturally responsive health care is reviewed including Integrated Behavioral Health Care (IBHC), culturally adapted evidence-based interventions, and the effective and expanding role of promotores de salud [community health care workers] in Latino communities.
Why give a shit about swearing?
Authors: Roache Rebecca 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter highlights the importance of understanding the context behind swearing. It starts with how the late Queen Elizabeth II famously described 1992 as an annus horribilis in her televised Christmas Message. The sanitization of swear words to communicate them inoffensively is widespread and effective, thus, swearing is much more than an offensive language, especially when it can also express trust and intimacy. The chapter mentions the limits of caring about people being offended, but social context should matter especially when concerned with swearing. It notes the regulations surrounding swearing in TV shows, which communicates the general message that swearing is unacceptable in certain contexts.
Swearing as a force for good
Authors: Roache Rebecca 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter considers the positive side of swearing. According to the studies of psychologist Richard Stephens and his colleagues, swearing can help people withstand pain because it increases emotional arousal. Moreover, swearing can also become an indication of intimacy between people. Meanwhile, broadcasting restrictions on swearing are often viewed as the outcome of a tug-of-war between those who value freedom of expression and conservatives who want to keep the airwaves clean. The chapter considers the pressure-valve view of swearing and the likelihood of using violence. It cites the concern of how swearing too much robs swear words of their power is a pretty commonly expressed objection to swearing, which only proves the value of swearing.
Flood Back to Defeat: Winter 1984–5
Authors: Sutcliffe-Braithwaite Florence , Thomlinson Natalie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter looks at the final months of the strike, from the high point of Christmas 1984—when the fundraising efforts of the strike’s supporters across the world ensured that many miners and their families had a Christmas they could remember—to the events that led to the collapse of the dispute at the end of the winter. It traces the experiences of committed supporters of the strike, and examines how these tough final months impacted on the politics of the support movement. It examines the realities of being on strike during the winter—in particular the difficulties faced by striking miners and their families in adequately heating their homes—and the intense hardship that many families were beginning to suffer by this point. Through exploring the emotional toll that this time exacted from those who went through it, and the changing moral calculations that were being made by those women who had previously been steadfast in their support of the strike, this chapter also sheds light on why women who had been previously staunch in their support of the dispute began to waver. Finally, it turns to the day of the return to work, and how this momentous event was experienced by the women who went through it.
Remembering the Strike
Authors: Sutcliffe-Braithwaite Florence , Thomlinson Natalie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter turns to understand how the strike has been remembered. During and immediately after the dispute, a large number of books, films, plays, and newspaper articles about it were produced. This chapter traces the discourse produced about the strike in these cultural productions, and examines how they have come to frame a dominant paradigm within which the strike is remembered as heroic—though ultimately a failure. This paradigm came to structure how many of the interviewees for this book recounted their stories, though the chapter also argues that this discourse was never hegemonic: some interviewees were able to draw on alternative cultural resources through which to narrate their tales of the strike. Finally, this chapter turns to examine how women thought about coalfield communities today, and how critical nostalgia for the past could be used as a form of political critique of the present. The conclusion ties together the main themes of both the chapter and the book as a whole, and draws out what examining the experiences of women during the strike can tell us about modern Britain more broadly.
Education, Enhancement, and the Pursuit of the Good
Authors: Lewin David 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this chapter, David Lewin examines the intersection between education, technology, and religion by considering what kinds of human improvement are ethically justified and how they are justified. More specifically, he explores the forms of ethical justification for human improvement, both conventionally through education and unconventionally through technological enhancement. Lewin observes that within discussions of technological human enhancement, ethical questions cannot be restricted to the ends of human improvement, as though the means to those ends are neutral. Indeed, any form of educational influence that intends to realize full humanity implies a theological conception of humanity because it recognizes the human capacity for (self)-transcendence. The implication that means of enhancement carry with them ethical demands is elaborated in relation to human flourishing through educational formation. Lewin thus shows that our educational traditions offer important insights into how human flourishing can be realized.
The layered quality of democratic innovation and reform
Authors: Hendriks Frank 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter demarcates the central topic of this book: wilful attempts to improve democracy through interventions framed as democratic innovations, or in more historical terms democratic reforms. Using the metaphor of the reform cake, Chapter 1 characterizes democratic innovation as the currently most visible top layer of the reform cake, connecting to and resting on underlying layers of reform, prepared and developed earlier, which need to be appreciated to understand democratic reform in general, and more recent democratic-innovations discourse in particular. In reflecting on the unfolding quest for democratic repair, and on theoretical concepts that are helpful in capturing contemporary initiatives and developments, Chapter 1 refers back to the landmark study ‘Democracy Transformed?’ compiled by Cain, Dalton, and Scarrow—a forceful reminder of the historically defined, layered quality of democratic reform and innovation.
Democratic innovation beyond deliberative reflection
Authors: Hendriks Frank 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter takes a closer look at the currently most conspicuous democratic-innovations discourse, which since the 1990s has been increasingly coloured by variants of deliberative democracy. While perceptive about some ills of and cures for democracy, the deliberative-democracy discourse of innovations is also biased in particular ways. For good measure, the chapter proposes to broaden the focus on current variations in ways that include instruments for deliberative reflection (relevant as they are), but also looks beyond these to new action-oriented (in addition to talk-oriented) and new plebiscitary or aggregative (in addition to deliberative and integrative) models of change at the same time. A case is made for paying more attention to concretization (getting things done in public affairs) in addition to reflection (getting public opinion refined). A number of illustrative cases of innovation beyond deliberative reflection are discussed.
Key values for democratic-governance innovation
Authors: Hendriks Frank 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter marks the beginning of Part II, which takes the argumentation from understanding to advancing innovation. In specifying which values or ‘goods’ are to serve as guiding lights for improving democratic governance, Chapter 6 draws on and integrates two relevant, yet separated, strands of literature: the democratic-innovations literature and the governance-innovations literature. The result is an integrative framework of key values—inclusiveness, efficaciousness, appropriateness, resilience, and counterbalance—related normative dimensions and key questions that together can serve as a sensitizing framework for evaluation and design thinking in democratic governance and its innovation. For realistically applying the values framework, acknowledging the fundamental value diversity, tensions, and trade-offs between key values, the chapter explores a pragmatic road ahead, stressing the importance of open, prudent, context-sensitive, situated conversations.
The deliberative referendum
Authors: Hendriks Frank 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter moves the investigation to real-life attempts to connect democratic innovations across the deliberative-plebiscitary divide, anchored in representative systems. This chapter concentrates on national-level practices, with special attention to the Irish ‘deliberative referendum’ on abortion that sequenced two strongly contrasting instruments: a deliberative mini-public and a binary referendum. Confronting this case with the values framework set out in Chapter 6, and with relevant mirror cases in other countries, the Irish process is understood as a comparatively successful case of hybrid democratic innovation (HDI), which helped to break a long-standing stalemate and navigate a cultural minefield. The mixed and balanced process catered to different values and audiences and was relatively well-integrated into the established system, amongst others compared to a similar process in Iceland.
Law Meets War
Authors: Silverman Jon , Sherwood Robert 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Chapter 1 traces the origins of Britain’s commitment during the war to punishing Nazi war criminals and arguments within government about how this should be done and who should lead the investigations. It describes the work of the UNWCC and CROWCASS and the first challenge for Britain’s commitment to punish criminals, the liberation of Bergen-Belsen by the army in April 1945. This led to the Belsen trial and execution of infamous perpetrators such as Josef Kramer and Irma Grese. It records the haphazard way in which British officers were recruited to war crimes duties with no legal background and little appetite for the task. It draws a parallel with the random recruitment to Scotland Yard’s War Crimes Unit fifty years later and the restrictive criteria applied to investigations. For example, Second World War investigators were told to focus only on crimes against British or Allied nationals whereas their later counterparts were equally circumscribed, looking only to prosecute cases where the victims were Jewish civilians.
Afterword
Authors: Silverman Jon , Sherwood Robert 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
One of the last cases to be investigated was that of Julius Damasevicius, a member of a Lithuanian auxiliary police battalion that committed atrocities in Ukraine. This was akin to an Einsatzgruppen investigation, which necessarily meant that identification of the suspect was always going to present a problem. When, as predicted, it was announced that there would be no prosecution, attention turned to what other means, short of the criminal law, could be used against those who sought refuge in the UK having committed crimes abroad. In 2002, a law change sought to address this challenge but it has been used only rarely since. The chapter also examines how the campaign for the 1991 War Crimes Act had a direct bearing on the growth of Holocaust awareness, leading to the establishment of the Holocaust Educational Trust and moves to establish Holocaust Memorial Day. The conclusion is that while pedagogy and memorialization are imperatives, the issue of accountability for the crimes of the Holocaust is beyond the capacity of the law to address.
Introduction
Authors: Goudkamp James , Nolan Donal 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Chapter 1 describes the ambitions and scope of the book. It also sets the scene for the analysis that follows by considering the history of the contributory negligence doctrine and the circumstances in which the apportionment legislation, which replaced the all-or-nothing rule which prevailed at common law, was enacted. Thereafter, the chapter engages with a range of justifications that have been offered for the doctrine. Several attempted rationales are rejected but none is found to be entirely free from difficulty. Finally, attention is turned to the underanalysed and poorly understood issue of where, precisely, the principles concerning contributory negligence fit within the structure of tort law.
Procedure and Appeals
Authors: Goudkamp James , Nolan Donal 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Chapter 6 is concerned with procedural issues that arise in relation to the doctrine of contributory negligence as well as with appeals regarding the existence of contributory negligence and apportionment. Although appeals concerning contributory negligence do not merely raise procedural points, because issues of procedure are so important in this connection, it is convenient to deal with both topics within a single chapter. By and large, general principles governing procedure and appeals apply to the question of contributory negligence. However, there are some respects in which contributory negligence cases present special issues in this connection, and these are explored in this chapter.
W.S. Gilbert, The English Aristophanes
Authors: Swallow Peter 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
It has long been assumed that Gilbertian topsyturvydom and satire parallels what we find in Aristophanes. This chapter will argue that Gilbert was not, however, the ‘English Aristophanes’ merely because of his similar genius, but because he subterraneously received and appropriated Aristophanes for the Victorian stage. In several of Gilbert’s plays, he borrows story-elements from Aristophanes, particularly from Birds as mediated by Planché. The present chapter explores this mediated reception in the plays Thespis (1871), The Happy Land (1873), and Utopia Limited (1893). And Gilbert’s The Princess (1870) and Princess Ida (1884) will be shown to share similarities with the plot of Aristophanes’ Thesmophoriazusae, as mediated through Tennyson’s Princess.
Women’s Aristophanes
Authors: Swallow Peter 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores four powerful receptions of Aristophanes created and performed by women. In 1889, at Girton College, Cambridge, women students produced Birds in the original Greek. Five years later, Bees, an English-language adaptation of the same play, was staged by the college to agitate for the right to graduate with degrees. In 1910, the activist-actor Gertrude Kingston commissioned Laurence Housman to translate Lysistrata, which she then produced and starred in—the first-ever performance of Lysistrata on the British stage. Two years earlier, Lysistrata probably also influenced the plot of How the Vote Was Won, another suffrage play written by Cicely Hamilton and Christopher St John. These four Aristophanic plays, all produced within about a decade of one another, show a shared approach to receiving Aristophanes as a vehicle of protest. Indeed, this chapter argues, they mark a significant divergence from the aesthetic receptions of Aristophanes predominant since 1873.