bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract P2100: Highly Localized Myocardial Expression Of Brain Natriuretic Peptide In Patients With Mitral Valve Prolapse
Authors: Boeckel Jes-Niels , Erbe Stephan , Spampinato Ricardo , Meder Benjamin , Borger Michael A , Laufs Ulrich , Dieterlen Maja-Theresa , Lavall Daniel 
Published: October 2023

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a common cause of mitral regurgitation (MR), adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling and arrhythmias. MVP induces mechanical stretch to the inferobasal (INF) myocardium and papillary muscles. The underlying regional and molecular pathology of MVP-induced LV remodeling remains incompletely understood. The aim was to characterize the molecular effects of mechanical stretch by comparing the regional gene expression of the INF region of LV in patients with MVP. Biopsies were obtained from the INF LV and the interventricular septum during mitral valve repair surgery for MVP-induced primary MR. Spatial transcriptome sequencing results correlated with histological staining of fibrosis in the INF and septal regions (R=0.97, P<0.0001). The extent of fibrosis was similar between the INF region and the septal control in the respective patients with MVP. The localized fibrotic areas of the INF region showed decreased expression of cardiac myocyte genes and increased expression of fibrous and EndMT markers. In the INF region, we identified a transition zone between healthy myocardium and fibrous tissue. This transition zone showed increased expression of the NPPB gene encoding brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), whereas NPPB was not increased in the septal region of the same patients, and was confirmed by qPCR (NPPB +6.4-fold, N=11, P=0.004). The INF border zone is characterized by increase expression of NPPB, IGFBP2 and MFGE8, which have been described to be associated with adverse LV remodeling in heart failure. The serum NT-proBNP levels (mean 276.8 ± 121.6 pg/ml) of the patients correlated with NPPB levels from the INF region (R=0.76, P=0.01, N=9), whereas no correlation was found with NPPB levels from the septal control regions (R=0.17, P=0.65) of the same patients.
In conclusion, spatial transcriptome analysis in MVP patients identifies a transition zone of the INF region of LV which is exposed to high mechanical stretch. This localized transition zone has a specific gene expression profile, e.g. with increased NBBP expression that correlates with increased NT-ProBNP serum concentrations. Our results indicate that mechanical stretch induces highly localized myocardial pathologies with systemic consequences.
“Physical Time within Human Time” and “Bridging the Neuroscience and Physics of Time”
Authors: Dolev Yuval 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The commentary discusses whether AI devices can have an experience of time as passing. The papers commented on suggest the answer is “Yes”. However, I claim that the metaphysical view of time this answer presupposes, namely, eternalism, or the block universe, is untenable, and that a sound understanding of time must acknowledge time’s normative significance. This raises new and substantial questions regarding the possibility of representing time, and of equipping devices with “gadgets” that would facilitate as-of flow experiences for them. More generally, the commentary critically evaluates the role science may have in the context of philosophical debates.
CFL Optimized Forward–Backward Runge–Kutta Schemes for the Shallow-Water Equations
Authors: Lilly Jeremy R. , Engwirda Darren , Capodaglio Giacomo , Higdon Robert L. , Petersen Mark R. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We present the formulation and optimization of a Runge–Kutta-type time-stepping scheme for solving the shallow-water equations, aimed at substantially increasing the effective allowable time step over that of comparable methods. This scheme, called FB-RK(3,2), uses weighted forward–backward averaging of thickness data to advance the momentum equation. The weights for this averaging are chosen with an optimization process that employs a von Neumann–type analysis, ensuring that the weights maximize the admittable Courant number. Through a simplified local truncation error analysis and numerical experiments, we show that the method is at least second-order in time for any choice of weights and exhibits low dispersion and dissipation errors for well-resolved waves. Further, we show that an optimized FB-RK(3,2) can take time steps up to 2.8 times as large as a popular three-stage, third-order strong stability-preserving Runge–Kutta method in a quasi-linear test case. In fully nonlinear shallow-water test cases relevant to oceanic and atmospheric flows, FB-RK(3,2) outperforms SSPRK3 in admittable time step by factors roughly between 1.6 and 2.2, making the scheme approximately twice as computationally efficient with little to no effect on solution quality.

Significance Statement
The purpose of this work is to develop and optimize time-stepping schemes for models relevant to oceanic and atmospheric flows. Specifically, for the shallow-water equations we optimize for schemes that can take time steps as large as possible while retaining solution quality. We find that our optimized schemes can take time steps between 1.6 and 2.2 times larger than schemes that cost the same number of floating point operations, translating directly to a corresponding speedup. Our ultimate goal is to use these schemes in climate-scale simulations.
Accuracy of the ACS NSQIP Surgical Risk Calculator for Predicting Postoperative Complications in Gastric Cancer Following Open Gastrectomy
Authors: Hatipoglu Engin , Erginoz Ergin , Askar Ahmet , Erguney Sabri 
Published: October 2023

Introduction The prediction of complications before gastric surgery is of utmost importance in shared decision making and proper counseling of the patient in order to minimize postoperative complications. Our aim was to evaluate the predictive validity of American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) risk calculator in gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy. Methods Preoperative assessment data of 432 patients were retrospectively reviewed and manually entered into the calculator. The accuracy of the calculator was evaluated using Pearson’s chi-squared test, C-statistic, Brier score, and Hosmer-Lemeshow test. Results The lowest Brier scores were observed in urinary tract infection, renal failure, venous thromboembolism, pneumonia, and cardiac complications. Best results were obtained for predicting sepsis, discharge to rehabilitation facility, and death (low Brier scores, C-statistic >.7, and Hosmer-Lemeshow P > .05). Conclusion The calculator had a strong performance in predicting sepsis, discharge to the rehabilitation facility, and death. However, it performed poor in predicting the most commonly observed events (any or serious complication and surgical site infection).
A Scoping Review of Self-Care Within the Context of Obesity-Related Outcomes Among Faith Leaders
Authors: West Nathan T. , Harmon Brook E. , Case Talsi , Huey Madelyn , Webb Benjamin L. , Nelson John , Webster Karen H. , Webster Travis A. , Leach Charolette H. 
Published: October 2023

Objective Faith leaders often serve as health-related role models yet many struggle with obesity and self-care engagement. The purpose of this scoping review was to examine how the faith leader literature has defined self-care and examined obesity and obesity-related chronic disease. Data Source Studies were identified through database (eg, PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO), backward, and grey literature (eg, dissertations) searches. Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria Studies published in English with participants who were 18 years or older and examined leaders across all faiths. Studies also included an examination of self-care behaviors among faith leaders within the context of obesity or obesity-related chronic diseases. Data Extraction/Synthesis Data synthesis was qualitative and informed by the six-step framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley (2005) as well as updated recommendations by Daudt et al (2013). Of the 418 studies identified and screened, 20 met the eligibility criteria. Results Studies were primarily cross-sectional and participants Christian faith-leaders in the US. Most studies did not define self-care or incorporate theory, but focused on vegetarian diets and physical activity engagement. Other self-care related behaviors (eg, sleep, days off), some unique to faith leaders (eg, sabbatical), were included but not systematically. Conclusions Research with more diverse faith leaders and that uses theory is needed to guide development of strategies for engaging this population in self-care to reduce obesity and related chronic diseases.
A new hydrochloric acid 2-0 band analysis: Two temperature study
Authors: Santos Alexandre E , Ventura Laiz R , Fellows Carlos E 
Published: October 2023

A new study of the 2−0 band of the hydrochloric acid molecule was performed by high resolution Fourier-transform absorption spectroscopy in the near infrared region. The spectra were measured at two different temperatures, 293 K and 315 K, for different pressures at each temperature. The spectral linewidths were analysed in a two-step procedure, being first performed by directly measuring the linewidth and second by fitting each spectral line to a model line profile, using Gaussian, Loretzian and Voigt profiles. A study of the profiles that best describe the spectral line fits is carried out in this work. The behavior of the spectral lines self-broadening and their corresponding self-induced shifts were studied for different values of rotational quantum numbers. The analysis was performed for both isotopes of the molecule and the self-broadening and self-shift coefficients were determined.
Optimizing thermoplastic pultrusion parameters for quality long fiber thermoplastic pellets in glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene
Authors: Tipboonsri Ponlapath , Memon Anin 
Published: October 2023

A long fiber thermoplastic pellet (LFTP) is a pellet that contains discontinuous fibers reinforced in thermoplastic. In this experiment, LFTPs were produced using the thermoplastic pultrusion process. The thermoplastic pultrusion process is uncomplicated in terms of the machine device, and it can improve the impregnation quality of LFTP. Glass fiber was used as the reinforced fiber, and PP fiber was used as the matrix. This experiment studied the effect of molding temperature and pulling speed on impregnation. The die system contained six heating zones. In the first step, zones 3 and 4 (melting zone) were varied at 200, 210, 220, and 230°C. The melting zone that exhibited good results was selected for the next step. In the second step, zones 5 and 6 (heat reduction zone) were varied at 160°C–190°C and 150°C–180°C, respectively. After determining the optimal molding temperature, the pulling speed was studied, with speeds varied at 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 cm/min. The impregnated quality of the LFTP was investigated through microstructure analysis. A data logger was used to record the temperature profile in the pultrusion die. Furthermore, the impregnation quality and microstructure of LFTP from thermoplastic pultrusion were compared to commercial LFTP. The results showed that un-impregnation decreased with an increase in the melting zone temperature. In the heat reduction zone, un-impregnation decreased with a decrease in temperature. For the pulling speed, un-impregnation decreased with a decrease in speed. The optimal die system had a melting zone temperature of 230°C and a heat reduction zone temperature of 160 and 150°C. The optimal pulling speed was 10 cm/min, resulting in an un-impregnation rate of 8.06%. Additionally, commercial LFTP had an un-impregnation rate of 13.73%.
Recurrence after cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC for pseudomyxoma peritonei: A single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yrjönen Antti , Koskenvuo Laura , Haapamäki Carola , Lepistö Anna 
Published: October 2023

Background and Aims: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare disease characterized by progressive build-up of mucinous deposits inside the abdominal cavity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of disease recurrence on overall survival in patients with PMP after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Methods: One-hundred thirty-two consecutive PMP patients treated with CRS + HIPEC at Helsinki University Hospital between 2008 and 2017 were included. The impact of clinicopathological and treatment-related characteristics on recurrence and overall survival was evaluated. Results: The median follow-up time in the study was 5.04 (range = 0.05–11.60) years. In 121 (91.7%) patients, the disease was classified as low grade and 11 (8.3%) had high-grade disease. In the low-grade group, 26 (21.5%) patients developed a recurrence during follow-up compared to 6 (54.5%) patients in the high-grade group. In the low-grade group, cumulative survival was 98.2%, 91.4%, and 91.4% at 3, 6, and 8 years, respectively. In the high-grade group, cumulative survival was 90.0% and 78.8% at 3 and 6 years, respectively. In patients with recurrent disease, the cumulative survival was 100%, 84.6%, and 84.6% at 3, 6, and 8 years in the low-grade category and 80.0% and 60.0% at 3 and 6 years in the high-grade category, respectively. In the low-grade group, a statistically significant correlation with recurrence but not with overall survival was identified with peritoneal cancer index (PCI), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and the number of affected regions. Conclusion: The recurrence of low-grade PMP does not significantly affect overall survival of patients. Disease extent may not be a prognostic indicator after curative CRS and HIPEC in low-grade PMP.
All-cause readmission rate and risk factors of 30- and 90-day after discharge in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ruan Huanrong , Zhao Hulei , Wang Jiajia , Zhang Hailong , Li Jiansheng 
Published: October 2023

Background: The readmission rate following hospitalization for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is surprisingly high, and frequent readmissions represent a higher risk of mortality and a heavy economic burden. However, information on all-cause readmissions in patients with COPD is limited. Objective: This study aimed to systematically summarize all-cause COPD readmission rates within 30 and 90 days after discharge and their underlying risk factors. Methods: Eight electronic databases were searched to identify relevant observational studies about COPD readmission from inception to 1 August 2022. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for methodological quality assessment. We adopt a random effects model or a fixed effects model to estimate pooled all-cause COPD readmission rates and potential risk factors. Results: A total of 28 studies were included, of which 27 and 8 studies summarized 30- and 90-day all-cause readmissions, respectively. The pooled all-cause COPD readmission rates within 30 and 90 days were 18% and 31%, respectively. The World Health Organization region was initially considered to be the source of heterogeneity. We identified alcohol use, discharge destination, two or more hospitalizations in the previous year, and comorbidities such as heart failure, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, anemia, cancer, or tumor as potential risk factors for all-cause readmission, whereas female and obesity were protective factors. Conclusions: Patients with COPD had a high all-cause readmission rate, and we also identified some potential risk factors. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen early follow-up and targeted interventions, and adjust or avoid risk factors after discharge, so as to reduce the major health economic burden caused by frequent readmissions. Trial registration: This systematic review and meta-analysis protocol was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (no. CRD42022369894).
Technique Variation in the Surgical Treatment of Lateral Ankle Instability
Authors: Wilke Aaron J. , Martin Robert , Bates Nathaniel A. , Jastifer James R. , Martin Kevin D. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Lateral ankle sprains are the most common type of injury to the ankle and can lead to ankle instability. There are many described techniques for the surgical treatment of lateral ankle instability. The purpose of this study is to quantify the variation in surgeon technique for lateral ankle instability treatment. Methods. Surveys were sent to 62 orthopaedic foot and ankle surgeons regarding surgical technique for the treatment of lateral ankle instability. Clinical agreement was defined as greater than 80% agreement to assess the cohesiveness of surgical methods as described by Marx et al. Results. Response rate was 49/62 (79%). There was clinical agreement for not using bone tunnels and not using metal anchors. All other factors lacked clinical agreement. A greater average number of throws and knots (4.2 for each, range 1-6 throws, range 2-12 knots) were used by surgeons that do not believe knots cause pain compared to an average of 3.9 (range, 1-6) throws and 4.0 (range, 2-15) knots by surgeons who do believe knots cause pain. The association that surgeon who believed knots do cause pain and thus used fewer knots and throws was not statistically significant (P > .05). The preferred material by surgeons in our study are as follows: nonabsorbable braided suture (26/49, 53%), suture tape (15/49, 31%), and fiber tape (4/49, 8%). Among surgeons who use absorbable suture (34/49, 69%), there was no significant difference (P > .05) between surgeons who believe knots cause pain (23/34, 68%) and those who do not (11/34, 32%). Discussion and Conclusion. Among this small sample of orthopaedic foot and ankle surgeons, there is wide variation in surgical technique for lateral ankle instability treatment and little agreement on the clinical standard of care. This disagreement highlights the need for comparative outcome studies in the treatment of ankle instability. Level of Evidence: Level III: Retrospective cohort study
The Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Patient-Reported Outcomes of Chronic Low Back Pain with Modic Changes at One Year: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chen Yongkang , Yang Lei , Gao Xiaofeng , Tang Aolin , He Hang , Xiong Chengjie , Xu Feng , Sun Chao 
Published: October 2023

Study Design Prospective cohort study. Objectives Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with unfavourable patient-reported outcomes after spine surgery. Chronic low back pain (CLBP) with Modic Changes (MCs) in the lumbar vertebrae, as observed on MRI, forms a specific subgroup. This study aims to investigate the potential influence of DM on CLBP with MCs. Methods This study involved 259 patients with CLBP accompanied MCs. We recorded the patient-reported outcomes (visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ)) at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to determine predictors of patient-reported outcomes. Results 103 patients had DM. Patients with DM exhibited higher VAS ( P < .05), ODI ( P < .001), and RMDQ ( P < .001) scores at 3, 6, and 12 months, while patients without DM experienced more significant improvements in the scores over time ( P < .001). Patients with DM reported longer durations of physical exercise ( P = .007). Additionally, patients without DM had a significantly higher patient satisfaction index ( P < .001) and a lower prevalence of hypertension ( P < .001). Notably, significant differences were observed in the distribution of MCs of lumbar vertebrae ( P = .034) and Pfirrmann grades of intervertebral disc degeneration between two groups ( P < .001). Conclusion Patients with DM demonstrated poorer patient-reported outcomes compared to those without DM in 1-year. DM emerged as an independent predictor of adverse patient-reported outcomes. It can be utilized to enhance the management and treatment of CLBP in patients with MCs.
Incidence and Characteristics of Elbow Injury in Japanese Youth Baseball Players: Comparison Between 2011 and 2021
Authors: Kouno Chika , Onishi Miyu , Kawabe Rika , Doi Naoki , Tahu Yukinobu , Nagai-Tanima Momoko , Aoyama Tomoki 
Published: October 2023

Background: Little League elbow, including humeral epicondylitis and osteochondritis dissecans, is a severe throwing injury in school-aged pitchers. Recent rule revisions have been implemented, and thus, prevention awareness may have increased. Purpose: To compare the incidence of elbow injury in 2011 from a previous study with that in 2021 and examine changes in the incidence and characteristics of players with elbow injuries. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A survey based on the 2011 survey was conducted from September 1 to December 31, 2021, among 4060 third- to sixth-grade Little League players belonging to 203 teams in Kyoto, Japan. This survey included a 23-item checklist on physical condition and injury. The participants were classified into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of an elbow injury in the dominant arm during the season. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was conducted to compare differences in basic information between the 2 groups. We also compared the differences in the 23 checklist items between the 2 groups using the chi-square or Fisher exact probability test. Results: Overall, 98 teams (1335 players; age range, 8-12 years) returned the questionnaires (collection rate, 32.9%). The final analysis population (excluding incomplete questionnaires) was 678 (mean age, 10.6 ± 1.1 years). Elbow injuries accounted for 30.7% of all injury sites in the players. Overall, 61 players (9.0%) reported elbow injuries in 2021 compared with 19.1% of the players in the 2011 survey ( P < .01) A significantly higher percentage of players with elbow injuries had elbow pain in extension (item 2 on the survey checklist, P < .001) and flexion (item 4, P < .0024), were regular players (item 5, P = .0288), played baseball under fatigue (item 8, P = .0028), and had lower and upper limb inflexibility (item 17, P = .0379; item 18, P = .0146; and item 22, P = .0085). Conclusion: Study findings indicated that the incidence of elbow injuries has decreased significantly over the past 10 years, although the elbow joint still accounted for almost one-third of all injuries in Japanese youth baseball players.
Amplifying consumers as partners in dissemination and implementation science and practice
Authors: Crane Margaret E. , Purtle Jonathan , Becker Sara J. 
Published: October 2023

Background This Viewpoint argues for consumers (people with lived experience and their families) to be amplified as key partners in dissemination and implementation science and practice. Method We contend that consumer opinion and consumer demand can be harnessed to influence practitioners and policymakers. Results Amplifying consumers’ voices can improve the fit of evidence-based interventions to the intended end user. We offer recommendations of frameworks to engage consumers in the dissemination and implementation of health interventions. We discuss the primary types of evidence consumers may rely upon, including testimonials and lived experience. Conclusions Our intention is for this Viewpoint to continue the momentum in dissemination and implementation science and practice of engaging consumers in our work.