bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin 1–7 Attenuates the Development of Ischemia–Reperfusion‐Induced Arrhythmia in Rats: Electrophysiology, Molecular, and Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Boushra Amy F. , Soliman Ghada Farouk , Ibrahim Walaa , Rashed Laila Ahmed , El‐Meguid Eman Ali Abd , Abouelela Yara S. , Yasin Noha A. E. , Gomaa Enas , Ali Esraa , Bastawy Nermeen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTArrhythmia is a common and serious global health problem, contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The cardiac muscle is susceptible to ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury, which can lead to fatal arrhythmias during open‐heart surgery. We investigated the potential prophylactic effect of angiotensin 1–7 (Ang 1–7) using an in vivo rat model of I/R injury and examined the underlying mechanisms. Rats were treated with Ang 1–7 (1 mg/kg, IP) 30 min before the surgical procedures. Twenty‐four rats were equally divided into four groups: sham control, sham‐treated with Ang 1–7, I/R injury group, and I/R injury group treated with Ang 1–7. In vivo I/R injury was induced by clamping the left coronary artery for 30 min, followed by 1 hour of reperfusion. The I/R group showed abnormal electrophysiological changes and arrhythmic episodes during electrocardiography (ECG) recording, increased oxidative stress, downregulation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPAR‐γ), and upregulation of C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) expression in cardiac tissue, which increased cardiac NF‐kB expression and IL‐17 levels. Moreover, I/R injury caused significant histological disruption and increased cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‐2) and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) immunoreactions, correlating with the extent of cardiac damage. However, preoperative Ang 1–7 administration significantly improved the electrophysiological, biochemical, and histopathological changes induced by I/R injury. This study demonstrated that Ang 1–7 exerted protective anti‐arrhythmic, anti‐inflammatory, and pro‐healing effects by upregulating PPAR‐γ and downregulating CXCL16, IL‐17, and NF‐kB pathways, suggesting it is a promising cardioprotective agent for preventing arrhythmias induced by I/R injury.
Evaluating the Potential of Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping for Detecting Iron Deposition of Renal Fibrosis in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Zha Tingting , Zhang Zhiping , Pan Liang , Peng Lei , Du Yanan , Wu Peng , Chen Jie , Xing Wei 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundAs ferroptosis is a key factor in renal fibrosis (RF), iron deposition monitoring may help evaluating RF. The capability of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) for detecting iron deposition in RF remains uncertain.PurposeTo investigate the potential of QSM to detect iron deposition in RF.Study TypeAnimal model.Animal ModelEighty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into control (N = 10) and RF (N = 70) groups, consisting of baseline, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days (N = 12 in each), and longitudinal (N = 10) subgroups. RF was induced via unilateral renal arteria stenosis.Field Strength/Sequence3 T, QSM with gradient echo, arterial spin labeling with gradient spin echo.AssessmentBilateral kidney QSM values (χ) in the cortex (χCO) and outer medulla (χOM) were evaluated with histopathology.Statistical TestsAnalysis of variance, Kruskal–Wallis, Spearman's correlation, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). P < 0.05 was significant.ResultsIn fibrotic kidneys, χCO decreased at 7 days ([−6.69 ± 0.98] × 10−2 ppm) and increased during 14–28 days ([−1.85 ± 2.11], [0.14 ± 0.58], and [1.99 ± 0.60] × 10−2 ppm, respectively), while the χOM had the opposite trend. Both significantly correlated with histopathology (|r| = 0.674–0.849). AUC of QSM for distinguishing RF degrees was 0.692–0.993. In contralateral kidneys, the χCO initially decreased ([−6.67 ± 0.84] × 10−2 ppm) then recovered to baseline ([−4.81 ± 0.89] × 10−2 ppm), while the χOM at 7–28 days ([2.58 ± 1.40], [2.25 ± 1.83], [2.49 ± 2.11], [2.43 ± 1.32] × 10−2 ppm, respectively) were significantly higher than baseline ([0.54 ± 0.18] × 10−2 ppm).Data ConclusionDifferent iron deposition patterns were observed in RF with QSM values, suggesting the potential of QSM for iron deposition monitoring in RF.Plain Language SummaryRenal fibrosis (RF) is a common outcome in most kidney diseases, leading to scarring and loss of kidney function. Increasing evidence suggests that abnormal iron metabolism plays an important role in RF. This study used a technique called quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) to measure kidney iron levels in rabbits with RF. Specifically, rabbits with advanced RF exhibited higher kidney iron concentrations, and moderate to strong correlations between QSM values and histopathology demonstrated that QSM could accurately detect changes in iron levels and assess RF severity. Overall, QSM shows promise as a tool for monitoring iron deposition in RF progression.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 3
Vacuolated Parabasal Cells in Papanicolaou Smears Are Cellular Changes Caused by Human Papillomavirus 16 Infection
Authors: Mizuno Shuichi , Okayama Kaori , Misawa Yukimi , Honda Saeka , Settsu Rei , Shinohara Ruku , Ishii Yasuyoshi , Fujii Masahiko , Oda Mizue , Okodo Mitsuaki 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn cervical cancer screening, cytology is used as a triage test to refer high‐risk human papillomavirus (HR‐HPV)‐positive women for colposcopy, but its accuracy is inadequate. The present study aimed to demonstrate that the presence of atypical cells with large vacuoles in the cytoplasm of parabasal cells, referred to as vacuolated parabasal cells (VPCs), which are observed in the Pap smears of HPV‐positive women, is associated with specific HPV genotypes. Among 2175 patients, 310 with a single HR‐HPV infection and cytological diagnosis of high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) or atypical squamous cells not excluding HSIL (ASC‐H) were included, of which 86 were infected with HPV16. Biopsy results revealed that 69 (80.2%) patients had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia Grade 2 or higher (CIN2+). VPCs were found in 47 (54.7%) of HPV16‐infected cases, indicating a significant increase of VPCs in HPV16‐infected cases (p < 0.01). Episomal HPV16 load was quantified in 142 VPCs and 156 HSIL (ASC‐H) cells using liquid‐based cytology samples from five patients, with a median of 987 copies in VPCs, significantly higher than those in HSIL (ASC‐H) cells (176 copies; p < 0.001). VPCs in Pap specimens were identified not only as cells altered by HPV16 infection but also as CIN2+‐derived cells and HPV16‐producing cells.
Integrating Transfer Learning and GPU Acceleration in MMIC Design: A Neural Network Approach for a 6–13 GHz LNA
Authors: Wu Yifan , Wang Junchao , Chen Jiayu , You Bin , Liu Jun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe design of monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) is a laborious process that involves exploring a vast design space, requiring multiple iterations to identify the optimal circuit design. In this research, we propose a design approach that combines GPU‐based high‐performance computing and transfer learning techniques. To improve modularity and reusability, we decompose the MMIC into multiple substructures and then combine these substructures to restore the overall circuit structure and performance. To achieve this, we adopted schematic simulation, which is more time‐efficient, to construct a data set and pre‐train the circuit substructure models. We then fine‐tune the pre‐trained models using a limited amount of electromagnetic (EM) simulation data, aiming to obtain layout‐level subcircuit models. Leveraging the parallel processing capabilities of neural network models, we employ GPU to conduct extensive exploration and design within the circuit design space, utilizing cascade connection theory to optimize the performance of the complete circuit. We apply this methodology to a low‐noise amplifier (LNA) circuit operating in the 6–13 GHz frequency range, achieving favorable outcomes.
Model‐based perfusion reconstruction with time separation technique in cone‐beam CT dynamic liver perfusion imaging
Authors: Haseljić Hana , Frysch Robert , Kulvait Vojtěch , Werncke Thomas , Brüsch Inga , Speck Oliver , Schulz Jessica , Manhart Michael , Rose Georg 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe success of embolization, a minimally invasive treatment of liver cancer, could be evaluated in the operational room with cone‐beam CT by acquiring a dynamic perfusion scan to inspect the contrast agent flow.PurposeThe reconstruction algorithm must address the issues of low temporal sampling and higher noise levels inherent in cone‐beam CT systems, compared to conventional CT.MethodsTherefore, a model‐based perfusion reconstruction based on the time separation technique (TST) was applied. TST uses basis functions to model time attenuation curves. These functions are either analytical or based on prior knowledge (PK), extracted using singular value decomposition of the classical CT perfusion data of animal subjects. To explore how well the PK can model perfusion dynamics and what the potential limitations are, the dynamic cone‐beam CT (CBCT) perfusion scan was simulated from a dynamic CT perfusion scan under different noise levels. The TST method was compared to static reconstruction.ResultsIt was demonstrated on this simulated dynamic CBCT perfusion scan that a set consisting of only four basis functions results in perfusion maps that preserve relevant information, denoise the data, and outperform static reconstruction under higher noise levels. TST with PK would not only outperform static reconstruction but also the TST with analytical basis functions. Furthermore, it has been shown that only eight CBCT rotations, unlike previously assumed ten, are sufficient to obtain the perfusion maps comparable to the reference CT perfusion maps. This contributes to saving dose and reconstruction time. The real dynamic CBCT perfusion scan, reconstructed under the same conditions as the simulated scan, shows potential for maintaining the accuracy of the perfusion maps. By visual inspection, the embolized region was matching to that in corresponding CT perfusion maps.ConclusionsCBCT reconstruction of perfusion scan data using the TST method has shown promising potential, outperforming static reconstructions and potentially saving dose by reducing the necessary number of acquisition sweeps. Further analysis of a larger cohort of patient data is needed to draw final conclusions regarding the expected advantages of the TST.
Activation of Proteolysis During Oocyte In Vitro Maturation
Authors: Tepekoy Filiz , Bulut Berk , Karaoz Erdal 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn vitro maturation (IVM) is a form of assisted reproductive technology (ART) applied to obtain mature oocytes in culture. Decline in IVM success rates by age has led consideration of novel approaches based on cellular dynamics. Our aim was to achieve proteostasis in old bovine oocytes from 13 to 16‐year‐old bovine with a lower potential for fertilization. Lysosomal activation was achieved through increasing concentrations of proton pump activators PIP2 (0.1, 0.5, 1, and 5 μM), PMA (0.1, 1, 10, and 50 μM), and DOG (0.1, 1, 10, and 50 μM) at 6, 12, 18, and 24 h of IVM in old bovine oocytes. Morphological analysis was performed and IVM rates were determined. DQ‐Red BSA was applied to live oocytes to determine proteolytic activation while lysosome density was determined by Lysotracker probe. Protein carbonylation was detected through oxyblot analysis. Polar body extrusion (PBE), through which a haploid nonfunctional polar body is released in the perivitelline space after completion of the first meiotic division, was observed in PIP2‐0.1 μM, ‐0.5μM‐6h; PIP2‐5μM‐12h; PMA‐0.1μM‐18h; PIP2‐0.1μM, ‐0.5μM‐24h groups. Oocyte diameter was the highest in DOG‐1μM‐6h, PMA‐0.1μM‐12h, PIP2‐1μM‐18h, and PIP2‐0.5μM‐24h groups. Morphological scores of oocytes were higher in young and old control groups. PIP2, PMA, and DOG affected oocyte quality positively after 6 h of IVM yielding in oocyte scores similar to the control group oocytes. However, they had a negative impact on the oocyte scores in longer periods of IVM, except for lower doses PMA (0.1 and 1 μM) at 12 h and PIP2 (0.5 μM) and PMA (0.1 μM) at 18 h, which were able to maintain the scores relatively closer to the control oocytes. Proteolytic activation was achieved in all groups at 6 h of culture. At all other time points PIP2 and PMA groups showed a better response to proteolytic activation. Lysosome density was increased in PIP2‐5μM‐6h; PIP2‐0.1μM, ‐1μM‐12h; PIP2‐1μM, ‐5μM‐18h as well as PMA‐0.1μM‐6h; PMA‐1μM, ‐10μM‐12h; PMA‐1μM‐18h; DOG‐50μM‐6h and DOG‐0.1μM‐12h. Protein carbonylation was the lowest in PIP2‐0.1 μM groups at 12, 18, and 24 h. This study suggests that proton pump activators PIP2 and PMA was found to have a positive impact on IVM in terms of both morphological scores and proteolytic activation in a time and dose dependant manner.
Synthesis of Carbon and Gold Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquid Crystals: Structural Properties and Electrical Behavior for Electro‐Optical Sensors
Authors: Zhulai Dmytro , Boichuk Nazariy , Pustovyi Denys , Kovalchuk Oleksandr , Garbovskiy Yuriy , Klimusheva Gertruda , Mirnaya Tatyana , Yaremchuk Galina , Vitusevich Svetlana 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe structural and electrical properties of ionic metal‐alkanoate nanocomposites obtained based on a cadmium octanoate matrix with individual carbon and gold nanoparticles (NPs) as well as their combination are studied. Carbon and gold NPs were chemically synthesized within the smectic A phase of Cd+2(C7H15COO−)2, which served as a well‐ordered nanoreactor. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) data provide information on NPs location and allow the estimation of the sizes of the synthesized NPs inside the glassy liquid crystalline matrix. It is shown that the size and shape of the NPs were precisely controlled during synthesis, resulting in highly stable and organized nanocomposites. The electrical characteristics were studied in a wide temperature range corresponding to different phase states of the nanocomposites. We compared the electrical properties of both pure matrix and nanocomposites with carbon and gold NPs to identify the potential of the nanocomposite materials for designing new sensor structures. Notably, the nanocomposites exhibited anisotropic conductivity, highlighting the structural anisotropy of the material. In addition, using NPs allows fine‐tuning of the electrical properties of a metal‐alkanoate host matrix. The obtained nanocomposites open prospects for the development of electro‐optical sensors with high sensitivity and specificity that can be used to detect a variety of chemical and physical parameters including temperature, composition of substances, and environment.
Trajectories of general and central obesity beyond middle age in relation to late‐life cognitive decline and dementia
Authors: Liang Zhengting , Qin Huibo , Su Binbin , Bao Yanping , Vitiello Michael V. , Hu Gang , Wang Yunhe 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveThe objective was to evaluate the longitudinal patterns of central and general obesity, identify their genetic and behavioral risk determinants, and investigate the association of distinct obesity trajectories beyond middle age with subsequent cognitive decline and the risk of developing dementia in late life.MethodsUsing a nationally representative, longitudinal, community‐based cohort, we examined trajectory patterns of obesity over a 14‐year span beyond middle age employing latent mixture modeling. We then evaluated their relationship with subsequent cognitive decline through linear mixed models and with the risk of developing dementia using Cox models, adjusting for confounding variables.ResultsAmong the 4751 eligible participants (mean age, 58.7 [SD 8.1] years; 57% female), our analysis identified five distinct BMI trajectories and four WC trajectories spanning a 14‐year period. In comparison with individuals in the low‐stable BMI group, characterized by a consistent and healthy body weight (range, 22.8–22.9 kg/m2), those in the high‐stable group, maintaining a stable obesity status (range, 34.3–35.4 kg/m2), exhibited an elevated risk of developing dementia (odds ratio [OR], 1.43; 95% CI: 1.02 to 2.00) and experienced a more accelerated cognitive decline over 6 years (difference in 6‐year decline, −0.11 SD [95% CI: −0.18 to −0.03]). Similarly, when compared with participants in the low‐stable WC group, indicating a stable and healthy WC (range, 76–79 cm), those in the high‐increasing WC group, showing an increasing trend (range, 115–122 cm), demonstrated an increased risk of developing dementia (OR, 1.57, 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.49) and experienced a swifter cognitive decline (OR: −0.18 [95% CI: −0.28 to −0.07]).ConclusionsGeneral and central obesity trajectories beyond midlife with persistently high or increasing patterns were significantly associated with an increased risk of developing cognitive decline and dementia in late life. Longitudinal obesity patterns may assist in precise identification of older adults at risk of developing cognitive impairment for targeted intervention.
Downregulation of AATK enhances susceptibility to ferroptosis by promoting endosome recycling in gefitinib‐resistant lung cancer cells
Authors: Lee Wei‐Chang , Moi Sin‐Hua , Yang Sheau‐Fang , Tseng Ho‐Hsing , Liu Yu‐Peng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFerroptosis has been characterised by disruption of the cell membrane through iron‐related lipid peroxidation. However, regulation of iron homeostasis in lung cancer cells that are resistant to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKIs) remains unclear. Transcriptome analysis identified a significant downregulation of apoptosis‐associated tyrosine kinase (AATK) mRNA expression in gefitinib‐resistant PC9 (PC9‐GR) cells, which were found to be more susceptible to ferroptosis inducers. An in‐depth analysis of publicly available datasets revealed that downregulation of AATK mRNA was associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Knockdown of AATK‐sensitised PC9, HCC827, and H441 cells to the ferroptosis inducer RSL3, whereas ectopic expression of AATK reduced RSL3‐induced cell death in PC9‐GR and HCC827‐GR cells. Compared to PC9 cells, PC9‐GR cells exhibited higher transferrin uptake, endosome recycling rate, and increased intracellular iron levels. Blocking iron transport reduced RSL3‐induced ferroptosis in PC9‐GR cells. Mechanistic studies showed that AATK localised to both early and recycling endosomes. Knockdown of AATK facilitated endosome recycling and elevated intracellular ferrous iron (Fe2+) levels in PC9 cells. Conversely, ectopic expression of AATK delayed endosome recycling and reduced intracellular Fe2+ levels in PC9‐GR cells. Inhibition of AATK downregulation‐induced iron accumulation decreased RSL3‐induced ferroptosis. Taken together, our study indicates that the downregulation of AATK contributes to endosome recycling and iron accumulation, leading to an increased susceptibility to ferroptosis in EGFR‐TKI‐resistant lung cancer cells. © 2025 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Original Direct Synthesis of Nanostructured MnO2 in Water by Hydroxylated Ammonium‐Assisted Redox Process
Authors: Delaunay Oriane , Denicourt‐Nowicki Audrey , Roucoux Alain 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWell‐defined MnO2 nanoworms are easily synthesized in water through an original redox process, using a cheap KMnO4 precursor and a lipophilic hydroxylated quaternary ammonium. This phase‐transfer agent can act as both a reducing and protective agent to avoid particles agglomeration. The concomitant formation of a zwitterionic betaine derivative is evidenced in this surfactant‐assisted process. Interestingly, these nanomaterials demonstrate pertinent potentialities in cycloalkanes oxidation with a selectivity toward the corresponding ketones in neat water.
Characterization of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1Ac in Crocidosema sp. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from Brazil
Authors: Steinhaus Eduardo A , Reis Alexandre C , Palharini Ramon B , Godoy Daniela N , Dallanora Arthur , Diniz Luiz H M , Warpechowski Luiz F , Horikoshi Renato J , Ovejero Ramiro F L , Berger Geraldo U , Dourado Patrick M , Martinelli Samuel , Head Graham P , Bernardi Oderlei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDCrocidosema aporema (Walsingham 1914) has historically been the main bud borer species in soybean in Brazil; however, a recent study reported that this species is not C. aporema but an undescribed species. In recent seasons, injury by Crocidosema sp. has been reported in soybean expressing the Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) toxin Cry1Ac. In this study, we investigated the genetic basis of Cry1Ac resistance and assessed the fitness costs of resistance in a field‐derived Cry1Ac‐resistant Crocidosema sp. strain selected through an F2 screen.RESULTSThe Cry1Ac‐resistant strain of Crocidosema sp. developed from neonate to pupae fed on Cry1Ac soybean leaves and adults produced viable offspring. The resistance ratio to Cry1Ac in this strain was >500 000‐fold relative to the susceptible strain. Results from leaf and diet‐overlay bioassays indicated that the inheritance pattern of Cry1Ac resistance in Crocidosema sp. is sex‐linked, with a lethal dose compensation in the F1 progeny from R♂ × S♀ (making resistance incompletely recessive), whereas the F1 progeny from R♀ × S♂ had complete mortality on Cry1Ac soybean (making resistance completely recessive). The mortality of backcrosses on Cry1Ac soybean varied significantly, suggesting that the resistance is controlled by multiple genes. Life‐history results revealed that the Cry1Ac‐resistant strain had lower pupal weight, reproductive performance and population growth on non‐Bt soybean compared with the susceptible strain.CONCLUSIONSThe inheritance patterns of Cry1Ac resistance in Crocidosema sp. are sex‐linked, incompletely or completely recessive depending on the direction of the reciprocal cross, polygenic and associated with fitness cost. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Constructing n/n− Type Perovskite Homojunctions to Achieve High‐Efficiency and Stable Printable Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Chen Changqing , Liu Wenfeng , Chen Yiwen , Zhang Yang , Guo Rongrong , Yang Weihuang , Liu Yan , Zeng Qin , Li Xing , Xiong Jian , Huang Yu , Zhang Jian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn recent years, carbon‐based printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (p‐MPSCs) without hole transport layers have garnered considerable interest because of their outstanding benefits in terms of stability and cost. However, the use of carbon electrodes instead of hole transport materials and noble metal electrodes leads to energy level mismatch, which limits the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of p‐MPSCs. In this work, a molecular doping strategy is proposed employing cyclopentylmethanamine to passivate surface and subsurface crystal defects in perovskite layers while inducing an energy shift toward the p‐type in the perovskite region within carbon electrodes. This approach facilitates the formation of a perovskite homojunction at carbon micro‐interfaces between carbon electrodes and perovskites. Results demonstrate that the formation of this homojunction optimizes the internal energy level alignment of devices, thereby increasing driving force for hole transfer to carbon electrodes. Ultimately, the devices optimized through this strategy increase the PCE from 17.50% to 19.50% while retaining over 92% of the initial PCE after over 150 days in air ambiance. This study provides a straightforward and effective approach for designing high‐efficiency and stable p‐MPSCs.