bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volumetric feature points integration with bio-structure-informed guidance for deformable multi-modal CT image registration
Authors: Zhang Chulong , He Wenfeng , Liu Lin , Dai Jingjing , Salim Ahmad Isah , Xie Yaoqin , Liang Xiaokun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. Medical image registration represents a fundamental challenge in medical image processing. Specifically, CT-CBCT registration has significant implications in the context of image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT). However, traditional iterative methods often require considerable computational time. Deep learning based methods, especially when dealing with low contrast organs, are frequently entangled in local optimal solutions. Approach. To address these limitations, we introduce a registration method based on volumetric feature points integration with bio-structure-informed guidance. Surface point cloud is generated from segmentation labels during the training stage, with both the surface-registered point pairs and voxel feature point pairs co-guiding the training process, thereby achieving higher registration accuracy. Main results. Our findings have been validated on paired CT-CBCT datasets. In comparison with other deep learning registration methods, our approach has improved the precision by 6%, reaching a state-of-the-art status. Significance. The integration of voxel feature points and bio-structure feature points to guide the training of the medical image registration network has achieved promising results. This provides a meaningful direction for further research in medical image registration and IGRT.
Effect of dilution gas on the distribution characteristics of capacitively coupled plasma by comparing SiH4/He and SiH4/Ar
Authors: Kim Ho Jun , Lee Kyungjun , Park Hwanyeol 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, we focus on the difference in the spatial distribution of the plasma parameters between SiH4/He capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) and SiH4/Ar CCP. The SiH4/He mixture is modeled using the chemical reactions that were successfully derived in our previous studies. The chemical reaction model of the SiH4/Ar mixture built in this study is based on the detailed set of chemical reactions in Ar. The spatial distribution of the plasma parameters is examined with the aid of a 2D fluid model. The electron and radical densities of SiH4/Ar CCP are higher than those of SiH4/He CCP. In addition, dilution with Ar results in more uniform reaction rates, which leads to a more uniform deposition profile. Because helium requires higher threshold energies for excitation and ionization, dilution with He had little effect on the precursor production. As a result, the concentration of Si2H6 observed in the inter-electrode region when using Ar for dilution was observed to be about ten times higher than the concentration of Si2H6 observed for He. This high concentration played a large role in influencing the formation of important radicals that determine the deposition rate as well as the difference in the deposition rate profile between Ar and He as diluents. The higher concentration of Si2H6 when using Ar means that the production rate of Si2H5 is higher in Ar. An examination of the effect of the dilution gas on the deposition rate profile indicated that the deposition rate profile with Ar is 100% more uniform and the deposition rate nearly 87% higher than for dilution with He.
Electrochemo-poromechanics of ionic polymer metal composites: identification of the model parameters
Authors: Bardella Lorenzo , Panteghini Andrea 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We propose a procedure to identify the parameters of a model for the multiphysics response of ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs). Aiming at computational efficiency and accuracy, the procedure combines analytical structural mechanics and fully-coupled electrochemo-poromechanics, additionally resorting to an evolutionary algorithm. Specifically, we consider the finite-deformation electrochemo-poromechanical theory recently developed by our group, which couples the linear momentum balance, the mass balances of solvent and mobile ions, and the Gauss law. Remarkably, the theory constitutively accounts for the cross-diffusion of solvent and mobile ions. This, in conjunction with a generalised finite element implementation that we have recently proposed, allows us to accurately capture the boundary layers of ions and solvent concentrations occurring at the membrane–electrode interfaces, which govern the IPMC behaviour in actuation and short-circuit sensing. Thus, we can explore the IPMC behaviour under external actions consistent with applications and obtain accurate predictions with a reasonable computational cost for wide ranges of model parameters. We focus on experimental data from the literature that are concerned with Nafion™-Pt IPMCs of variable membrane thickness and subjected to peak voltage drop across the electrodes ranging from 2 to 3.5 V (under alternating current). Importantly, the considered tests deal with both the tip displacement of cantilever IPMCs and the blocking force of propped-cantilever IPMCs. Overall, the adopted theory and the proposed procedure allow unprecedented agreement between predictions and experimental data, thus marking a step forward in the IPMC characterisation.
Self-induced Q-switched fiber laser using tantalum aluminum carbide as a passive modulator
Authors: Anuar S A , Rahman M F A , Nasir A M M , Latiff A A , Rusdi M F M , Harun S W 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A self-induced Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser operating at 1563 nm was achieved by integrating a passive modulator based on tantalum aluminum carbide (Ta2AlC) MAX phase film embedded into polyynyl alcohol. The modulator, serving as a saturable absorber (SA), established a modulation depth of 9% and a saturation intensity of 0.3 MW cm−2. Upon integration of the film SA, a stable Q-switched fiber laser was obtained, generating pulses with a minimum width of 7.6 µs at a repetition rate of 45.1 kHz, within a pump power range of 24.9–59.7 mW. The corresponding maximum average output power, maximum pulse energy, and highest peak power were determined at 1.6 mW, 36.2 nJ, and 4.7 mW, respectively. The RF fundamental spectrum exhibited a good signal-to-noise ratio of 61 dB, indicating excellent pulse signal quality. This demonstration of Ta2AlC MAX phase film Q-switched laser may open promising possibilities for scientific applications such as material processing.
Erratum: Corrigendum to "Effect of dark energy models on the energy content of charged and rotating black holes" [Chinese Phys. C, 46 (2022) 015101]
Authors: Liaqat Asia , Hussain Ibrar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In Liaqat and Hussain (2022) it was proved that the effect of dark energy with

, causes a reduction in the energy content of the quintessential charged-Kerr spacetime. This result needs correction as it is observed that the contribution of dark energy first decreases the total energy of the underlying spacetime for smaller values of radial coordinate r and then increases the energy for comparatively larger values of r.
Mach probe diagnostic for determining positive ion fluxes in H- ion sources
Authors: Wolf V. , Zielke D. , Rauner D. , Briefi S. , Wimmer C. , Fantz U. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In NNBI ion sources neutral hydrogen atoms and positive ions impact
on low work function grid surfaces where they are converted to negative ions, and
subsequently extracted. Knowledge of the positive ions flux is
crucial for optimizing the negative ion yield, and also for benchmarking numerical
models. To this end a Mach probe (MP) diagnostic can be used, which determines the
direction and magnitude of the positive ion flux. The plasma in ion sources is typically
weakly magnetized, rendering the interpretation of Mach probe data difficult. For
this reason a two step approach is chosen, where at first a previously used Mach
probe is re-commissioned and applied in a well diagnosed and versatile laboratory
scale experiment. From these experiments important insights regarding the design
of a new combined Langmuir- and Mach probe, its calibration procedure, and data
interpretation are obtained.
Conceptual study of a Compton polarimeter for the upgrade of the SuperKEKB collider with a polarized electron beam
Authors: Charlet D. , Ishibashi T. , Martens A. , Masuzawa M. , Mawas F. , Peinaud Y. , Zhou D. , Zomer F. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The physics scope of the Belle II experiment currently
acquiring data at the SuperKEKB collider will expand with a
polarized electron beam upgrade, as recently proposed. Among the
required elements for this upgrade, a real time diagnosis of the
polarization is necessary to ensure it is large for all bunches in
the accelerator during its regular operation. This will be realized
by inserting a Compton polarimeter in the accelerator. Its
conceptual design is described and no show-stopper for its
integration has been identified. An estimation of the sensitivity of
the polarimeter is made by means of toy Monte-Carlo studies. The
proposed design accounts for the constraint to preserve the
performance of the SuperKEKB accelerator and to cope with the short
time separation of successive bunches. We show that the polarimeter
will measure for each bunch the polarization within five minutes
with a statistical precision below 1% and systematic
uncertainties below 0.5%. It has the capability of providing this
information online on a similar timescale. This work paves the way
towards future implementation of real-time Compton polarimetry in
several future projects.
Amazonian secondary forests are greatly reducing fragmentation and edge exposure in old-growth forests
Authors: Smith Charlotte C , Barlow Jos , Healey John R , de Sousa Miranda Leonardo , Young Paul J , Schwartz Naomi B 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Restoration of tropical landscapes through the expansion of secondary forests is crucial for climate change mitigation and offers co-benefits for biodiversity. However, the strength of these benefits is influenced by the position of these secondary forests within the landscape. Recovery of both carbon stocks and biodiversity in secondary forests are enhanced by proximity to old-growth forests, and old-growth forests may benefit from secondary forests in return through buffering of edge effects and reduced fragmentation. However, to date there has been no biome-wide assessment of secondary forest location relative to old-growth forests. We mapped Amazonian secondary forests and explored their proximity to old-growth forests of different conditions. We then calculated the extent to which secondary forests buffer old-growth edge forest (<120 m from an edge) and the influence of secondary forests on fragmentation. In 2020, 41.2% of Amazonian secondary forest was directly adjacent to old-growth forest and 94.1% was within a fragment connected to old growth. However, adjacency and connectedness fell to 20.1% and 57.4% respectively when only considering extensive structurally intact old-growth forest. Secondary forests buffered 41.1% of old-growth edge forest and, when acting as corridors, reduced the total number of old-growth fragments by 2 million. Our results reveal the importance of understanding spatial context when examining the potential benefits of increasing secondary forest cover. Improved understanding of the benefits of locating secondary forests next to old-growth forests could support the development of more effective climate change mitigation and restoration strategies.
Effects of climate factors on wheat and maize under different crop rotations and irrigation strategies in the North China Plain
Authors: Yan Zongzheng , Du Taisheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The North China Plain (NCP) is a crucial agricultural region for grain production in China, primarily focusing on wheat and maize cultivation. However, these crop yields are highly vulnerable to fluctuations in temperature and precipitation, with climate change being a significant factor. This study investigates the impact of climate factors on wheat and maize yields in the NCP under various crop rotations and water supply strategies. Using the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator crop mechanism model, we evaluated the effects of different crop rotations and water supply strategies on wheat and maize yields. A comprehensive analysis of the simulated results determined the yield variation trends and their correlation and sensitivity to different climate factors. The findings revealed that precipitation levels over the past 40 years showed no significant trend, while radiation levels showed a significant decreasing trend, and annual mean maximum and minimum temperatures displayed significant increasing trends. Furthermore, the study found that irrigation practices and crop rotations substantially impact grain yield in the study area, with average yields ranging from 8105.5 kg ha−1 under rainfed conditions to 13 088.8 kg ha−1 under fully irrigated conditions. There was a statistically significant trend of increasing yields for fully irrigated Monocrop-Wheat and decreasing yields for fully irrigated Monocrop-Maize over the past 40 years. Sensitivity analysis also showed that rational rotation and irrigation can reduce grain yield sensitivity to climate change. In conclusion, the prudent use of rotation and irrigation can enhance food production resilience to climate change. These findings have significant implications for developing strategies to optimize crop yields and adapt to climate change in the NCP while considering trade-offs.
Evaluation of the damping characteristics of a hybrid piezo-shunt nanocomposite using a two-step homogenization approach
Authors: Sedighi S B , Sarfaraz R , Safarpour P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Composite materials containing piezoelectric particles have attracted remarkable attention because of their distinctive electromechanical conversion characteristics. These supreme properties lead to their applications in various fields, such as vibration damping of structures. The damping parameter of dynamic systems is crucial, especially when they undergo resonance phenomena. Multi-phase polymer matrix composites consisting of piezoelectric particles are innovative material systems that have been recently introduced to convert the mechanical vibrations into electrical energy, and subsequently dissipate into heat through an internal electrical circuit. The present study aims to analytically investigate the viscoelastic characteristics of a shunted three-phase composite composed of a polymer matrix, electrically conductive nanoparticles and piezoelectric particles. The effective viscoelastic characteristics of a shunted composite are calculated using one- and two-step homogenization procedures and by considering the viscoelastic characteristics of constituent materials. The influence of several key parameters, namely, the non-dimensional frequency, the volume fraction of electrically conductive nanoparticles and piezoelectric particles, and the shape of the inclusions, on viscoelastic characteristics, such as phase angles, the storage modulus and loss modulus, are examined. The viscoelastic characteristics are considerably affected by these parameters, and the perceived behavior is justified by the governing equations. The assessment of results confirms that the damping characteristics can be improved by careful selection of a volume fraction of constituent materials and control of the excitation frequency of the smart composite, while avoiding additional costs and likely inconveniences in the fabrication process.
Under the Hood: The Scientific Leadership, Clinical Operations, Statistical and Data Management, and Laboratory Centers of the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group
Authors: Cross Heather R , Greenwood-Quaintance Kerryl E , Souli Maria , Komarow Lauren , Geres Holly S , Hamasaki Toshimitsu , Chambers Henry F , Fowler Vance G , Evans Scott R , Patel Robin ,   for the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group
Published: October 2023

AbstractDeveloping and implementing the scientific agenda of the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group (ARLG) by soliciting input and proposals, transforming concepts into clinical trials, conducting those trials, and translating trial data analyses into actionable information for infectious disease clinical practice is the collective role of the Scientific Leadership Center, Clinical Operations Center, Statistical and Data Management Center, and Laboratory Center of the ARLG. These activities include shepherding concept proposal applications through peer review; identifying, qualifying, training, and overseeing clinical trials sites; recommending, developing, performing, and evaluating laboratory assays in support of clinical trials; and designing and performing data collection and statistical analyses. This article describes key components involved in realizing the ARLG scientific agenda through the activities of the ARLG centers.
The Next Generation: Mentoring and Diversity in the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group
Authors: Harris Anthony D , Souli Maria , Pettigrew Melinda M ,   for the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group (ARLG) Mentoring Program was established to develop and prepare the next generation of clinician-scientists for a career in antibacterial resistance research. The ARLG Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Working Group partners with the Mentoring Committee to help ensure diversity and excellence in the clinician-scientist workforce of the future. To advance the field of antibacterial research while fostering inclusion and diversity, the Mentoring Program has developed a number of fellowships, awards, and programs, which are described in detail in this article.
Priorities and Progress in Gram-negative Bacterial Infection Research by the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group
Authors: Satlin Michael J , van Duin David , Tamma Pranita D , Lodise Thomas P , Van Tyne Daria , Rodvold Keith A , Rouphael Nadine , Evans Scott R , Fowler Vance G , Hamasaki Toshimitsu , Patel Robin , Komarow Lauren , Baum Keri , Souli Maria , Schwager Nyssa , Bonomo Robert A , Doi Yohei ,   for the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group, Wang Minggui , Wenzler Eric , Schooley Robert , Evans Beth , Hopkins Deborah , Cathcart Felecia , Mocka Elizabeth , Schuler Carl , Sund Zoe , Zaharoff Smitha , Wickward Cathy , Estes Leslie , Mau Donald , Booth Grant , Abbenante Erin , Bhojani Minal , Zahir Hirra , Ge Lizhao , Giri Abhigya , Dai Weixiao , Diao Guoqing , Fidler Tamara , Shao Wanying , Li Yixuan , Zeng Lijuan , Zhang Shanshan , Greenwood-Quaintance Kerryl , Malan Suzannah Schmidt , Parmar Krupa Mukesh , Cunningham Scott , Ghazaryan Varduhi , Raterman Erica , Samuel Tamika , Lee Marina , Nayak Seema 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Addressing the treatment and prevention of antibacterial-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections is a priority area of the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group (ARLG). The ARLG has conducted a series of observational studies to define the clinical and molecular global epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant and ceftriaxone-resistant Enterobacterales, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, with the goal of optimizing the design and execution of interventional studies. One ongoing ARLG study aims to better understand the impact of fluoroquinolone-resistant gram-negative gut bacteria in neutropenic patients, which threatens to undermine the effectiveness of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis in these vulnerable patients. The ARLG has conducted pharmacokinetic studies to inform the optimal dosing of antibiotics that are important in the treatment of drug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, including oral fosfomycin, intravenous minocycline, and a combination of intravenous ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam. In addition, randomized clinical trials have assessed the safety and efficacy of step-down oral fosfomycin for complicated urinary tract infections and single-dose intravenous phage therapy for adult patients with cystic fibrosis who are chronically colonized with P. aeruginosa in their respiratory tract. Thus, the focus of investigation in the ARLG has evolved from improving understanding of drug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections to positively affecting clinical care for affected patients through a combination of interventional pharmacokinetic and clinical studies, a focus that will be maintained moving forward.
Prophylactic epicardial pacemaker implantation in tricuspid valve replacement
Authors: Bazire Baptiste , Para Marylou , Raffoul Richard , Nataf Patrick , Cachier Agnès , Extramiana Fabrice , Iung Bernard , Algalarrondo Vincent 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Patients undergoing surgical tricuspid valve replacement (TVR) are at high risk of atrioventricular conduction disorders. Because implanting a lead through the tricuspid bioprosthesis is discouraged, the patients who undergo TVR in our centre are usually given a prophylactic epicardial pacemaker. Our aim was to assess the benefits and risks of this strategy.

METHODS
Among the patients who underwent TVR with prophylactic epicardial pacemaker implantation, clinical evaluations and pacemaker reports were analysed retrospectively after surgery. The need for cardiac pacing were assessed by characterizing the atrioventricular conduction, while the risks were evaluated by listing and adjudicating post-operative events.

RESULTS
A total of 80 patients were analysed (mean age was 57 ± 16 years old, 30% males). TVR was isolated in 28 (35%) patients, but most often associated with another valve surgery. In the postoperative period, heart rhythm was analysed in 59/80 patients during a median follow-up of 35 months. Cardiac pacing was needed in 46% patients: 14% had complete pacing dependency, 17% had high degree AV block, while 15% had a high ventricular pacing rate (&gt;80%). No pre- or per-operative variables could predict cardiac pacing requirement. Post-operatively, a spontaneous heart rate &gt;70 bpm (P = 0.02) and the presence of narrow QRS (P = 0.03) were significantly associated with a lower risk of cardiac pacing requirement. Complications related to epicardial pacemaker were documented in 2 (2.5%) patients.

CONCLUSIONS
After TVR, cardiac pacing was needed in 46% of patients for post-operative atrioventricular conduction disorders. This high incidence associated with an acceptable safety profile supports a prophylactic epicardial pacing strategy for the patients undergoing TVR.