bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired artery elasticity predicts cardiovascular morbidity and mortality- A longitudinal study in the Vara-Skövde Cohort
Authors: Szaló Gábor , Hellgren Margareta I. , Allison Matthew , Li Ying , Råstam Lennart , Rådholm Karin , Bollano Entela , Duprez Daniel A. , Jacobs David R. , Lindblad Ulf , Daka Bledar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIt is still debated whether arterial elasticity provides prognostic information for cardiovascular risk beyond blood pressure measurements in a healthy population. To investigate the association between arterial elasticity obtained by radial artery pulse wave analysis and risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in men and women. In 2002–2005, 2362 individuals (men=1186, 50.2%) not taking antihypertensive medication were included. C2 (small artery elasticity) was measured using the HDI/Pulse Wave CR2000. Data on acute myocardial infarction or stroke, fatal or non-fatal, was obtained between 2002–2019. Cox- regression was used to investigate associations between C2 and future CVD, adjusting for confounding factors such as age, sex, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance), LDL- cholesterol, CRP (C-Reactive Protein), alcohol consumption, smoking and physical activity. At baseline, the mean age of 46 ± 10.6 years and over the follow-up period, we observed 108 events 70 events in men [event rate: 5.9%], 38 in women [event rate: 3.2%]. In the fully adjusted model, and for each quartile decrease in C2, there was a significant increase in the risk for incident CVD by 36%. (HR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.01–1.82, p = 0.041). The results were accentuated for all men (HR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.21–2.50, p = 0.003) and women over the age of 50 years (HR = 1.70, 95% CI: 0.69–4.20). We showed a strong and independent association between C2 and CVD in men. In women after menopause, similar tendencies and effect sizes were observed.
Percentage of mean arterial pressure as a marker of atherosclerosis for detecting patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Maruhashi Tatsuya , Kajikawa Masato , Kishimoto Shinji , Yamaji Takayuki , Harada Takahiro , Hashimoto Yu , Mizobuchi Aya , Tanigawa Shunsuke , Yusoff Farina Mohamad , Nakano Yukiko , Chayama Kazuaki , Nakashima Ayumu , Goto Chikara , Higashi Yukihito 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The percentage of mean arterial pressure (%MAP) is the height of the mean arterial waveform divided by the peak amplitude of the waveform of pulse volume recording. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the cutoff value of 45% for %MAP at the ankle, which is recommended for the diagnosis of lower extremity artery disease, in combination with ankle-brachial index (ABI) is useful for detecting patients with clinical coronary artery disease (CAD) and investigate the optimal cutoff value of %MAP to diagnose patients with CAD.　We measured ABI and %MAP in 2213 subjects　(mean age: 61.2 ± 15.5 years). Multivariate analysis revealed that %MAP ≥ 45% was significantly associated with a higher risk of CAD after adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors (odds ratio [OR], 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43–3.21; p < 0.001). However, the association was no longer significant after adjusting for ABI (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 0.83–2.33; p = 0.21), whereas ABI was significantly associated with CAD (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97–0.99; p = 0.005). The optimal cutoff value of %MAP derived from a receiver operating characteristic curve to diagnose CAD was 40.3%. Multivariate analysis revealed that %MAP ≥ 40.3% was significantly associated with a higher risk of CAD (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.19–2.24; p = 0.002) independent of ABI (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97–0.99; p = 0.002). The cutoff value of 40.3%, but not 45%, for %MAP may be useful for detecting patients with advanced atherosclerosis and for cardiovascular risk assessment independent of ABI.

Registration Information
http://www.umin.ac.jp (University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry) (UMIN000039512)
Single-nucleus genomics in outbred rats with divergent cocaine addiction-like behaviors reveals changes in amygdala GABAergic inhibition
Authors: Zhou Jessica L. , de Guglielmo Giordano , Ho Aaron J. , Kallupi Marsida , Pokhrel Narayan , Li Hai-Ri , Chitre Apurva S. , Munro Daniel , Mohammadi Pejman , Carrette Lieselot L. G. , George Olivier , Palmer Abraham A. , McVicker Graham , Telese Francesca 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe amygdala processes positive and negative valence and contributes to addiction, but the cell-type-specific gene regulatory programs involved are unknown. We generated an atlas of single-nucleus gene expression and chromatin accessibility in the amygdala of outbred rats with high and low cocaine addiction-like behaviors following prolonged abstinence. Differentially expressed genes between the high and low groups were enriched for energy metabolism across cell types. Rats with high addiction index (AI) showed increased relapse-like behaviors and GABAergic transmission in the amygdala. Both phenotypes were reversed by pharmacological inhibition of the glyoxalase 1 enzyme, which metabolizes methylglyoxal—a GABAA receptor agonist produced by glycolysis. Differences in chromatin accessibility between high and low AI rats implicated pioneer transcription factors in the basic helix-loop-helix, FOX, SOX and activator protein 1 families. We observed opposite regulation of chromatin accessibility across many cell types. Most notably, excitatory neurons had greater accessibility in high AI rats and inhibitory neurons had greater accessibility in low AI rats.
Tumor characteristics and survival rate of HER2-low breast cancer patients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Abbasvandi Fereshteh , Bayat Mahdis , Akbari Atieh , Shojaeian Fatemeh , Zandi Ashkan , Rahmani Jamal , Hashemi Maryam Omrani , Akbari Mohammad Esmaeil 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHER2 is an important prognostic marker in breast cancer (BC) patients, which also plays a crucial role in their therapeutic plan. Consequently, a great desire is to thoroughly assess the patients based on their HER2 status. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate HER2-low breast cancer as a new subtype in the standard classification of BC patients and review its characteristics and survival rate in a tertiary center in Iran. We retrospectively evaluated disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and clinicopathological characteristics of BC patients referred to the Cancer Research Center in Tehran, Iran from 1991 to 2022. Patients’ clinical characteristics, including HER2 status, which is classified as HER2-low, HER2-positive, or HER2-negative, were obtained from prospectively maintained registries. Among the total 3582 recruited patients, 60.2%, 13.6%, and 26.2% were HER2-negative, HER2-low, and HER2-positive, respectively. HER2-positive patients showed a significantly higher Hazard Ratio (HR) for DFS (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.01–2.05) and OS (HR 2.05, 95% CI 1.31–3.20), compared to HER2-low. Moreover, HER2-low and HER2-negative were found to show the same proportion of high-grade tumors (28 and 28.4%), while 40% of the HER2-positive tumors were high-grade. Accordingly, HER2-low patients had a lower metastasis risk than the others (P-value = 0.01). The Ki67 percentage was significantly lower in the HER2-low group compared to the HER2-positive (P-value < 0.001). HER2-low, a new subtype of HER2-status classification with distinct biological and clinicopathological traits, represented the highest survival rate and less invasive characteristics. This difference was statistically significant when compared to HER2-positive, but not when compared to HER2-negative.Research registration unique identifying number: NCT05754047.
UBVRI night sky brightness at Kottamia Astronomical Observatory
Authors: Aboushelib Mohamed F. , Morcos A. B. , Nawar S. , Shalabiea O. M. , Awad Z. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPhotoelectric observations of night sky brightness (NSB) at different zenith distances and azimuths, covering all the sky, at the Egyptian Kottamia Astronomical observatory (KAO) site of coordinates ϕ = 29° 55.9′ N and λ = 31° 49.5′ E, were done using a fully automated photoelectric photometer (FAPP). The Bessel wide range system (UBVRI) is used for the first time to observe NSB for three consecutive nights (1–3 August, 2022) under good seeing conditions after the moon sets. The deduced results were taken in photons and converted into mag/arcsec2. The average zenith sky brightness for U, B, V, R and I filters are found to be 20.49, 20.38, 19.41, 18.60 and 17.94 mag/arcsec2 respectively. The average color indices (U–B), (B–V), (V–R) and (R–I), at the zenith are detected to be 0.11, 0.98, 0.81 and 0.66, respectively. We plotted the isophotes of the sky brightness at KAO in U, B, V, R and I colors (filters) and determined both the average atmospheric extinction and sky transparency through these UBVRI filters. The atmospheric and other meteorological conditions were taken into our consideration during the observational nights. The results of the current study illustrate the main impact of the new cities built around KAO on the sky glow over it, and which astronomical observations are affected.
A pilot study of implication of machine learning for relapse prediction after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in adults with Ph-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Afanaseva Kseniia S. , Bakin Evgeny A. , Smirnova Anna G. , Barkhatov Ildar M. , Gindina Tatiana L. , Moiseev Ivan S. , Bondarenko Sergey N. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe posttransplant relapse in Ph-positive ALL increases the risk of death. There is an unmet need for instruments to predict the risk of relapse and plan prophylaxis. In this study, we analyzed posttransplant data by machine learning algorithms. Seventy-four Ph-positive ALL patients with a median age of 30 (range 18–55) years who previously underwent allo-HSCT, were retrospectively enrolled. Ninety-three percent of patients received prophylactic/preemptive TKIs after allo-HSCT. The values of the BCR::ABL1 level at serial assessments and over variables were collected in specified intervals after allo-HSCT. They were used to model relapse risk with several machine-learning approaches. GBM proved superior to the other algorithms and provided a maximal AUC score of 0.91. BCR::ABL1 level before and after allo-HSCT, prediction moment, and chronic GvHD had the highest value in the model. It was shown that after Day + 100, both error rates do not exceed 22%, while before D + 100, the model fails to make accurate predictions. As a result, we determined BCR::ABL1 levels at which the relapse risk remains low. Thus, the current BCR::ABL1 level less than 0.06% in patients with chronic GvHD predicts low risk of relapse. At the same time, patients without chronic GVHD after allo-HSCT should be classified as high risk with any level of BCR::ABL1. GBM model with posttransplant laboratory values of BCR::ABL1 provides a high prediction of relapse after allo-HSCT in the era of TKIs prophylaxis. Validation of this approach is warranted.
Vertical tunneling FET with Ge/Si doping-less heterojunction, a high-performance switch for digital applications
Authors: Cherik Iman Chahardah , Mohammadi Saeed , Maity Subir Kumar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA vertical tunneling field effect transistor composed of a doping-less tunneling heterojunction and an n+-drain is presented in this paper. Two highly-doped p+ silicon layers are devised to induce holes in an intrinsic source region. Due to employing a double gate configuration and Hafnium in the gate oxide, our proposed structure has an optimized electrostatic control over the channel. We have performed all the numerical simulations using Silvaco ATLAS, calibrated to the verified data of a device with the similar working principle. The impact of the wide range of non-idealities, such as trap-assisted tunneling, interface trap charges, and ambipolar conduction, is thoroughly investigated. We have also evaluated the impact of negative capacitance material to further improve our device switching characteristics. Introducing both n-channel and p-channel devices, and employing them into a 6T SRAM circuit, we have investigated its performance in terms of parameters like read and write SNM. The FOMs such as Ion = 34.4 µA/µm, Ion/Ioff = 7.17 × 107, and fT = 123 GHz show that our proposed device is a notable candidate for both DC and RF applications.
Long term administration of loquat leaves and their major component, ursolic acid, attenuated endogenous amyloid-β burden and memory impairment
Authors: Iwasa Kensuke , Yagishita Sosuke , Yagishita-Kyo Nan , Yamagishi Anzu , Yamamoto Shinji , Yamashina Kota , Haruta Chikara , Asai Masashi , Maruyama Kei , Shimizu Kuniyoshi , Yoshikawa Keisuke 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLoquat (Eriobotrya japonica) leaves contain many bioactive components such as ursolic acid (UA) and amygdalin. We investigated the effects of loquat leaf powder and methanol extract in human neuroglioma H4 cells stably expressing the Swedish-type APP695 (APPNL-H4 cells) and C57BL/6 J mice. Surprisingly, the extract greatly enhanced cellular amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) 42 productions in APPNL-H4 cells. Administration of leaf powder increased Aβ42 levels after 3 months and decreased levels after 12 months compared to control mice. Leaf powder had no effect on working memory after 3 months, but improved working memory after 12 months. Administration of UA decreased Aβ42 and P-tau levels and improved working memory after 12 months, similar to the administration of leave powder for 12 months. Amygdalin enhanced cellular Aβ42 production in APPNL-H4 cells, which was the same as the extract. Three-month administration of amygdalin increased Aβ42 levels slightly but did not significantly increase them, which is similar to the trend observed with the administration of leaf powder for 3 months. UA was likely the main compound contained in loquat leaves responsible for the decrease in intracerebral Aβ42 and P-tau levels. Also, amygdalin might be one of the compounds responsible for the transiently increased intracerebral Aβ42 levels.
Realising the circular phosphorus economy delivers for sustainable development goals
Authors: Walsh Michael , Schenk Gerhard , Schmidt Susanne 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhile it remains debated if mineral deposits mined for phosphorus fertilizer are running out, phosphorus insecurity is an emerging global issue. We explore how it is linked to the current linear phosphorus economy (LPE) and the historic and current implications. The problems are multifold: there are geopolitical concerns over phosphorus deposits held only by a few nations, sharply rising costs of phosphorus fertilizers, heavy metal contaminants affecting soil and food, problematic phosphorus mining wastes, and the environmental degradation caused by phosphorus fertilizer inefficiencies. Here we argue that a new phosphorus economy can resolve these problems. Transitioning to sustainable use of phosphorus demands a circular phosphorus economy (CPE). A CPE supports several Sustainable Development Goals and enables greater phosphorus autonomy. We illustrate current problems with case studies and outline opportunities for change. The CPE will feature phosphorus recovery facilities, waste valorisation technologies, and improved fertilizer formulations that are customized to target crops and crop systems. We highlight examples of the rapidly advancing CPE that is essential for sustainable agriculture.
Velocity-resolved high-J CO emission from massive star-forming clumps
Authors: Hoang Thanh Dat , Karska Agata , Lee Min Young , Wyrowski Friedrich , Tram Le Ngoc , Yang Aiyuan , Menten Karl M. 
Published: October 2023

Context. Massive star formation is associated with energetic processes, which result in significant gas cooling via far-infrared (IR) lines. Velocity-resolved observations can constrain the kinematics of the gas, allowing the identification of the physical mechanisms responsible for gas heating.
Aims. Our aim is to quantify far-IR CO line emission towards high-mass star-forming regions, identify the high-velocity gas component associated with outflows, and estimate the physical conditions required for the excitation of the observed lines.
Methods. Velocity-resolved SOFIA/GREAT spectra of 13 high-mass star-forming clumps of various luminosities and evolutionary stages are studied in highly excited rotational lines of CO. For most targets, the spectra are from frequency intervals covering the CO 11−10 and 16−15 lines towards two sources, also the CO 13−12 line was observed with SOFIA/4GREAT. Angular resolutions at the line frequencies range from 14″ to 20″, corresponding to spatial scales of ~0.1–0.8 pc. Radiative transfer models were used to determine the physical conditions giving rise to the emission in the line wings.
Results. All targets in our sample show strong high-J CO emission in the far-IR, characterised by broad line wings associated with outflows, thereby significantly increasing the sample of high-mass objects with velocity-resolved high-J CO spectra. Twelve sources show emission in the line wings of the CO 11−10 line (Eu/kB=365 K), and eight sources in the CO 16−15 line (Eu/kB =752 K). The contribution of the emission in the line wings to the total emission ranges from ~28% to 76%, and does not correlate with the envelope mass or evolutionary stage. Gas excitation temperatures cover a narrow range of 120–220 K for the line wings, and 110–200 K for the velocity-integrated line emission, assuming local thermodynamics equilibrium (LTE). For the two additional sources with the CO 13−12 line (Eu/kB=503 K) data, wing emission rotational temperatures of ~130 K and 165 K were obtained using Boltzmann diagrams. The corresponding non-LTE radiative transfer models indicate gas densities of 105−107 cm−3 and CO column densities of 1017−1018 cm-2 in the line wings, similar to physical conditions in deeply embedded low- and high-mass protostars. The velocity-integrated CO line fluxes correlate with the bolometric luminosity over 7 orders of magnitude, including data on the low-mass protostars from the literature. This suggests that similar processes are responsible for the high-J CO excitation over a significant range of physical scales.
Conclusions. Velocity-resolved line profiles allow the detection of outflows towards massive star-forming clumps spanning a broad range of evolutionary stages. The lack of clear evolutionary trends suggest that mass accretion and ejection prevail during the entire lifetime of star-forming clumps.
Concurrence of a Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and Kármán vortex street in the Sun’s corona
Authors: Wei Hengyuan , Huang Zhenghua , Long David M. , Fu Hui , Xia Lidong , Xiong Ming , Li Bo 
Published: October 2023

Context. Instabilities are crucial to understanding the mass transportation and energy transformation in the solar atmosphere. Observations of the concurrence among the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) and Kármán vortex street (KVS) in conditions as extreme as the Sun’s corona have yet to be reported.
Aims. We aim to find evidence of a concurrence between the KHI and KVS in the Sun’s corona.
Methods. We analyzed high-resolution data from Extreme Ultraviolet Imager aboard Solar Orbiter and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly aboard Solar Dynamics Observatory.
Results. Thanks to the high temporal resolution of EUI data, in an interacting region between a jet and coronal plumes, we observed the development of ruffles and breakdown of blobs. The intrinsic parameters of this dynamic system suggest the possibility of both the KHI and KVS occurring in the corona. The observations also show that the coupling of the two instabilities has facilitated the formation of vortices, which may therefore have enhanced the transformation from kinetic energy to thermal energy, as well as mass mixing among systems across magnetic field lines in the Sun’s corona.
Conclusions. The present study reports the very first EUI observations of a concurrence of the KHI and KVS and their coupling in the coronal conditions.
Barriers to Adoption of Tailored Drug–Drug Interaction Clinical Decision Support
Authors: Zhang Tianyi , Gephart Sheila M. , Subbian Vignesh , Boyce Richard D. , Villa-Zapata Lorenzo , Tan Malinda S. , Horn John , Gomez-Lumbreras Ainhoa , Romero Andrew V. , Malone Daniel C. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective Despite the benefits of the tailored drug–drug interaction (DDI) alerts and the broad dissemination strategy, the uptake of our tailored DDI alert algorithms that are enhanced with patient-specific and context-specific factors has been limited. The goal of the study was to examine barriers and health care system dynamics related to implementing tailored DDI alerts and identify the factors that would drive optimization and improvement of DDI alerts.
Methods We employed a qualitative research approach, conducting interviews with a participant interview guide framed based on Proctor's taxonomy of implementation outcomes and informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework. Participants included pharmacists with informatics roles within hospitals, chief medical informatics officers, and associate medical informatics directors/officers. Our data analysis was informed by the technique used in grounded theory analysis, and the reporting of open coding results was based on a modified version of the Safety-Related Electronic Health Record Research Reporting Framework.
Results Our analysis generated 15 barriers, and we mapped the interconnections of these barriers, which clustered around three entities (i.e., users, organizations, and technical stakeholders). Our findings revealed that misaligned interests regarding DDI alert performance and misaligned expectations regarding DDI alert optimizations among these entities within health care organizations could result in system inertia in implementing tailored DDI alerts.
Conclusion Health care organizations primarily determine the implementation and optimization of DDI alerts, and it is essential to identify and demonstrate value metrics that health care organizations prioritize to enable tailored DDI alert implementation. This could be achieved via a multifaceted approach, such as partnering with health care organizations that have the capacity to adopt tailored DDI alerts and identifying specialists who know users' needs, liaise with organizations and vendors, and facilitate technical stakeholders' work. In the future, researchers can adopt the systematic approach to study tailored DDI implementation problems from other system perspectives (e.g., the vendors' system).
A Comparative Study and Assessment of Burn Wound Sepsis Using Surface Swab, Fine Needle Aspiration and Wound Biopsy Cultures
Authors: Dhanraj Prema , Korula Philip , Lalitha M K , Stanley Sulochana 
Published: October 2023

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to evaluate a simple standardized fine needle aspiration method for bacteriologic assessment of burn wound and to determine whether this method is as reliable and useful as the classic invasive biopsy culture method1. Considering the high correlation with the organism in all three methods, viz. swab, aspiration and wound biopsy culture techniques, we feel fine needle aspiration culture has a place in bacteriological assessment of burn wound as it is simple, easy and less painful compared to the more conventional wound biopsy culture technique.
Use of Limberg Flap for Closure of Sacral Pressure Sores
Authors: Singh Avtar , Mander K S , Singh G P , Gulati S K , Malhotra Gopal , Garg K C , Walia J P S 
Published: October 2023

SummaryLimberg flap has been used for the closure of moderate size sacral pressure sores in 5 cases. It provides a good padded skin cover with the suture line away from the midline which is the area of ulceration. No breakdown or ulceration in the flap or donor defect suture line were seen during 1-4 years of follow up. Operative technique is briefly described and important points on flap planning are discussed.