bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photocatalytic Boryl Radicals Triggered Sequential B─N/C─N Bond Formation to Assemble Boron‐Handled Pyrazoles
Authors: Xie Yang , Zhang Ruilong , Chen Ze‐Le , Rong Mengtao , He Hui , Ni Shaofei , He Xiang‐Kui , Xiao Wen‐Jing , Xuan Jun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVinyldiazo compounds are one of the most important synthons in the construction of a cyclic ring. Most photochemical transformations of vinyldiazo compounds are mainly focusing on utilization of their C═C bond site, while reactions taking place at terminal nitrogen atom are largely unexplored. Herein, a photocatalytic cascade radical cyclization of LBRs with vinyldiazo reagents through sequential B─N/C─N bond formation is described. The reaction starts with the addition of LBRs (Lewis base–boryl radicals) at diazo site, followed by intramolecular radical cyclization to access a wide range of important boron‐handled pyrazoles in good to excellent yields. Control experiments, together with detailed mechanism studies well explain the observed reactivity. Further studies demonstrate the utility of this approach for applications in pharmaceutical and agrochemical research.
Hybrid Transverse Magneto‐Thermoelectric Cooling in Artificially Tilted Multilayers
Authors: Uchida Ken‐ichi , Hirai Takamasa , Ando Fuyuki , Sepehri‐Amin Hossein 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn artificially tilted multilayers comprising two different conductors that are alternately and obliquely stacked, transverse thermoelectric conversion occurs, in which charge and heat currents are interconverted in the orthogonal direction. Although transverse thermoelectric conversion also occurs in homogeneous materials as an intrinsic transport phenomenon owing to the effects of magnetic fields, magnetization, and spins on conduction carriers, such magneto‐thermoelectric effects are investigated independently of thermoelectrics for artificially tilted multilayers. Here, this study shows that the synergy of these different principles improves the performance of transverse thermoelectric conversion. Using lock‐in thermography techniques, transverse thermoelectric conversion processes are visualized in artificially tilted multilayers and the experiments clarify how nonuniform charge currents are converted into orthogonal heat currents. Through the measurements of temperature change under magnetic fields, the contributions of the magneto‐thermoelectric effects are quantified in the artificially tilted multilayers and magnetically enhanced hybrid transverse thermoelectric cooling is demonstrated. By replacing one of the conductors in the multilayer with permanent magnets, the same functionality is obtained even in the absence of magnetic fields, paving the way for the creation of “thermoelectric permanent magnets” that exhibit efficient transverse thermoelectric conversion together with spontaneous magnetization. This study provides a new material design guideline for transverse thermoelectrics.
CO2‐Etching Creates Abundant Closed Pores in Hard Carbon for High‐Plateau‐Capacity Sodium Storage
Authors: Zheng Zhi , Hu Sijiang , Yin Wenji , Peng Jiao , Wang Rui , Jin Jun , He Beibei , Gong Yansheng , Wang Huanwen , Fan Hong Jin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHard carbon (HC) has become the most promising anode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), but its plateau capacity at ≈0.1 V (Na+/Na) is still much lower than that of graphite (372 mAh g−1) in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, a CO2‐etching strategy is applied to generate abundant closed pores in starch‐derived hard carbon that effectively enhances Na+ plateau storage. During CO2 etching, open pores are first formed on the carbon matrix, which are in situ reorganized to closed pores through high‐temperature carbonization. This CO2‐assisted pore‐regulation strategy increases the diameter and the capacity of closed pores in HC, and simultaneously maintains the microsphere morphology (10–30 µm in diameter). The optimal HC anode exhibits a Na‐storage capacity of 487.6 mAh g−1 with a high initial Coulomb efficiency of 90.56%. A record‐high plateau capacity of 351 mAh g−1 is achieved, owing to the abundant closed micropores generated by CO2‐etching. Comprehensive in situ and ex situ tests unravel that the high Na+ storage performance originates from the pore‐filling mechanism in the closed micropores.
Galectin‐3 is upregulated in frontotemporal dementia patients with subtype specificity
Authors: Borrego–Écija Sergi , Pérez‐Millan Agnès , Antonell Anna , Fort‐Aznar Laura , Kaya‐Tilki Elif , León‐Halcón Alberto , Lladó Albert , Molina‐Porcel Laura , Balasa Mircea , Juncà‐Parella Jordi , Vitorica Javier , Venero Jose Luis , Deierborg Tomas , Boza‐Serrano Antonio , Sánchez‐Valle Raquel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONNeuroinflammation is a major contributor to the progression of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Galectin‐3 (Gal‐3), a microglial activation regulator, holds promise as a therapeutic target and potential biomarker. Our study aimed to investigate Gal‐3 levels in patients with FTD and assess its diagnostic potential.METHODSWe examined Gal‐3 levels in brain, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients with FTD and controls. Multiple linear regressions between Gal‐3 levels and other FTD markers were explored.RESULTSGal‐3 levels were increased significantly in patients with FTD, mainly across brain tissue and CSF, compared to controls. Remarkably, Gal‐3 levels were higher in cases with tau pathology than TAR‐DNA Binding Protein 43 (TDP‐43) pathology. Only MAPT mutation carriers displayed increased Gal‐3 levels in CSF samples, which correlated with total tau and 14‐3‐3.DISCUSSIONOur findings underscore the potential of Gal‐3 as a diagnostic marker for FTD, particularly in MAPT cases, and highlights the relation of Gal‐3 with neuronal injury markers.
Non‐oxidative Methane Activation over Molybdenum and Tungsten Nitride Catalysts
Authors: Shahryari Mohsen , Pajootan Elmira , Ghavipour Mohammad , Kopyscinski Jan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), and mixed metal oxide and ‐nitride catalysts are synthesized via incipient wetness impregnation on silica support (SBA‐15) with a total target metal loading of 4 wt %. The effect of the Mo : W ratio on the non‐oxidative methane conversion, product selectivity, and coke formation is evaluated. The reduced Mo/SBA‐15 and MoW/SBA‐15 catalysts show higher CH4 conversion activity to benzene (selectivity of ~75.5 %) than for ethylene (selectivity of ~9.5 %) with a rather fast coke formation rate of 19–24 mgCoke gCat−1 h−1 without a clear influence of the Mo : W ratio. In contrast, the metal nitrides have a much smaller coke formation rate. The smallest rate of 0.45 mgCoke gCat−1 h−1 is achieved for the WN/SBA‐15 sample, which increases with the molybdenum content to 4.7 and 8.6 mgCoke gCat−1 h−1 for the MoWN(5 : 1) and MoN/SBA‐15 catalysts, respectively. There seems to be a yet unknown but negative correlation between the coke formation rate and the number of silanamine functional groups formed during the catalyst nitridation (Si−OH→≡Si−NH2→≡Si−NH−Si≡). The C2H4 selectivity is significantly increased with the relative amount of tungsten, with the highest C2H4 selectivity of 63 % for mixed‐metal nitride catalyst containing Mo : W ratio of 1 : 5. While the Mo/SBA‐15 the MoN/SBA‐15 achieve a C2H4 selectivity of less than 10 %.
Redox‐Mediated Amination of Pyrogallol‐Based Polyphenols
Authors: Ashirbaev Salavat S. , Brás Natércia F. , Frei Patricia , Liu Kuangjie , Moser Simone , Zipse Hendrik 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFlavonoids are known to covalently modify amyloidogenic peptides by amination reactions. The underlying coupling process between polyphenols andN‐nucleophiles is assessed by severalin vitroandin silicoapproaches. The coupling reaction involves a sequence of oxidative dearomatization, amination, and reductive amination (ODARA) reaction steps. The C6‐regioselectivity of the product is confirmed by crystallographic analysis. Under aqueous conditions, the reaction of baicalein with lysine derivatives yields C−N coupling as well as hydrolysis products of transient imine intermediates. The observed C−N coupling reactions work best for flavonoids combining a pyrogallol substructure with an electron‐withdrawing group attached to the C4a‐position. Thermodynamic properties such as bond dissociation energies also highlight the key role of pyrogallol units for the antioxidant ability. Combining the computed electronic properties andin vitroantioxidant assays suggests that the studied pyrogallol‐containing flavonoids act by various radical‐scavenging mechanisms working in synergy. Multivariate analysis indicates that a small number of descriptors for transient intermediates of the ODARA process generates a model with excellent performance (r=0.93) for the prediction of cross‐coupling yields. The same model has been employed to predict novel antioxidant flavonoid‐based molecules as potential covalent inhibitors, opening a new avenue to the design of therapeutically relevant anti‐amyloid compounds.
A resilient self‐healing approach for active distribution networks considering dynamic microgrid formation
Authors: Zhao Ruifeng , Tan Yonggui , Lu Jiangang , Guo Wenxin , Du Hongwei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA large number of renewable distributed generation (DG) systems connect to the distribution network, affecting the structure of the traditional distribution network and forming an active distribution network (ADN). Although the accelerating grid penetration of DGs brings significant challenges to the distribution network operation, the islanded operation capability of DGs provides a flexible solution to the self‐healing of ADNs from faults. To ensure that ADN can quickly recover and reconfigure in the event of a fault and continue to maintain safe, economical, and reliable operation, this paper proposes a dynamic microgrid formation method for ADNs combined with the dynamic network reconfiguration and intentional islanding operation of DGs. An optimization model is designed to represent the proposed self‐healing method, maximizing the load restoration and minimizing the DG cost, line network loss, and voltage excursion simultaneously. A binary hybrid optimization solver is applied to pursue the optimal self‐healing schedules from the optimization model. The self‐healing method is evaluated on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 33‐node system and the IEEE 123‐node system, which indicate its rationality and effectiveness fully verified. By optimizing the on and off states of the normally open switches and the on‐grid and off‐grid operation states of DGs, ADNs not only get healed with minimum load curtailment, but also achieve minimal DG generation cost, network loss, and node voltage deviation. In addition, compared with traditional solvers, the proposed solver has a slightly higher computational time than the corresponding solver.
Experimental study on the flow characteristics of supercritical CO2 in reservoir sandstones from the Ordos Basin, China
Authors: Zhu Qianlin , Chen Dongbao , Lu Shijian , Jiang Shaojin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the flow characteristics of supercritical CO2 in dry sandstones or those with low water content provides crucial information on the flow behavior in near‐wellbore zone. We conducted supercritical CO2 core flooding experiments using sandstone cores extracted from potential CO2 reservoirs in the Ordos Basin, China. During the experiments, we reduced the water content of saturated cores by flushing with dry CO2 and subsequently vacuumizing them at a temperature of 35°C to simulate sandstones with low water content. The experimental results demonstrate that the CO2 permeability was initially high during the low differential pressure stage and remained constant as the differential pressure increased. In the carbonic acid solution injection experiment, we observed an increase in the flow rate of the solution with the continuous interaction in the cores from the Shanxi and Shihezi groups, while the Yanchang group exhibited the opposite effect. This increase in permeability can be attributed to mineral dissolution and the loss of fine particles. Conversely, the blockage of fine particles or the precipitation of dissolved minerals may lead to a decrease in permeability. After the CO2–water–rock interaction, the CO2 permeability decreased compared to before the interaction, indicating that adsorbed water, the precipitation of dissolved mineral, or pore throat blockage by fine particles could induce this permeability decrease. The impact of adsorbed water on the decrease in CO2 permeability is significant. Additionally, the CO2–water–rock interaction caused corrosion on the anorthite surface. Furthermore, calcite dispersed in connected pores displayed a more pronounced dissolution compared to cemented calcite. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PLS‐SEM: A method demonstration in the R statistical environment
Authors: Legate Amanda E. , Ringle Christian M. , Hair Joseph F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn line with calls to stimulate methodological diversity and support evidence‐based human resource development (HRD) through quantitative competencies, we present a methods demonstration leveraging open‐source tools and lesser‐known quantitative research methods to support the HRD research community and applied HRD in the workplace. In this paper, we provide an informative introduction to partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM). We discuss PLS‐SEM application trends in the field of HRD, present key characteristics of the method, and demonstrate up‐to‐date metrics and evaluation guidelines using an illustrative model. Our PLS‐SEM demonstration and explanations can serve as a valuable resource for practitioners concerned with substantiating results for organizational stakeholders and support researchers in methodological decision‐making while avoiding common pitfalls associated with less familiar methods. Our step‐by‐step demonstration is conducted in open‐source software and accompanied by explicitly coded operations so that readers can easily replicate the illustrative analyses presented.
Gender differences in the burden of multiple sclerosis in China from 1990 to 2019 and its 25‐year projection: An analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases Study
Authors: Wang Heng , Zhang Xia , Li Heyan , Sun Zixi , Zhong Yong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a crippling, chronic, gender‐related disease that causes burdens to individuals and society. China has a considerable and increasing population of MS. We aim to analyze the gender disparities in the burden of MS in China and predict the trends.MethodsThe study was conducted based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Data on incidence, prevalence, deaths, and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) of MS in China from 1990 to 2019 was descriptively analyzed by year, gender, and age group. The Nordpred package in R (version 4.2.2) was used for age‐period‐cohort analysis to predict the all‐ages numbers and age‐standardized rates of incidence, prevalence, deaths, and DALYs in China from 2020 to 2044.ResultsThe number of prevalent cases of MS in 2019 reached 18,143.56 (95% uncertainty intervals [UI]: 13,997.71–22,658.60) in males and 24,427.11 (95% UI: 18,906.02–30,530.21) in females in China. The peak age of prevalence was shifted from 40–44 years in 1990 to 45–49 years in 2019 in females but remained unchanged in males. In contrast to the increased age‐standardized prevalence rate, the age‐standardized death rate (ASDR) and age‐standardized DALYs rate showed downward trends, which were more significant in females. Different from the global, Chinese males showed lower prevalence but higher deaths and DALYs than females for age‐standardized rates and numbers. In the next 25 years, the patient population will remain large and peak around 44,599.78 in 2025–2029. The ASDR, age‐standardized DALYs rate, and DALYs number were expected to decrease. The improvements in deaths and DALYs will be more significant in females.ConclusionMales with MS had a lower prevalence but higher deaths and DALYs than females in China. The ASDR and age‐standardized DALYs rate have reduced over the past 30 years and were expected to continue decreasing, especially in females. The burden of MS will remain notable in the next 25 years.
Conductive passivating contact for high fill factor monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells
Authors: Chen Bingbing , Wang Jin , Ren Ningyu , Liu Pengfei , Li Xingliang , Wang Sanlong , Han Wei , Zhu Zhao , Liu Jingjing , Huang Qian , Zhao Ying , Zhang Xiaodan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPerovskite/silicon tandem solar cells (PK/Si TSCs) blaze the way in pushing power conversion efficiency (PCE) beyond the single‐junction Shockley–Queisser limit. Meanwhile, localized defects in perovskite subcells result in a lower fill factor (FF), which limits further improvement of PCE in PK/Si TSCs. Herein, we report a conductive passivation contact layer by posttreatment of bis(2‐hydroxyethyl)dimethylammonium chloride (BDAC) zwitterion molecule on the perovskite surface. It can passivate the positive and negative localized defects, inhibit the formation of Pb0, and spontaneously convert the perovskite surface to be a more n‐type conductive contact layer for charge separation. These combined enhancements enabled a PCE of 21.4% with an enhanced VOC of 80 mV and an FF of 82.84% for the inverted single‐junction device prepared by the two‐step method. Moreover, BDAC passivation achieved a PCE of 28.67% with an FF of 80.02% for PK/Si TSCs. In addition, the scaling‐up device with an active area of 11.879 cm2 delivers a PCE of 24.46%, and a minimodule with power conversion over 2 W is designed and fabricated.
The barriers to interprofessional care for cancer cachexia among Japanese healthcare providers: A nationwide survey
Authors: Naito Tateaki , Wakabayashi Hidetaka , Aso Sakiko , Konishi Masaaki , Saitoh Masakazu , Baracos Vickie E. , Coats Andrew J. , Anker Stefan D. , Sherman Lawrence , Klompenhouwer Tatiana , Shirotani Noriyasu , Inui Akio , Arai Hidenori 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundCancer cachexia is a severe complication of advanced malignancy, with few therapeutic options. To promote interprofessional care for cancer cachexia, healthcare providers' needs should be addressed in detail. This pre‐planned subgroup analysis of the Global Educational Needs Evaluation: a systemic interprofessional study in cancer cachexia (GENESIS‐CC) survey aimed to identify barriers to interprofessional care of cancer cachexia in Japan.MethodsA nationwide survey was electronically conducted for healthcare providers in oncological or general healthcare facilities from January to March 2021 in Japan. The Japanese Regional Advisory Board developed a barrier scoring system with 33 from the 58 original survey items to quantify six domains of barriers: (1) lack of confidence, (2) lack of knowledge, (3) barriers in personal practice, (4) barriers in perception, (5) barriers in team practice and (6) barriers in education. The largest possible barrier score was set at 100 points. We compared the scores by profession.ResultsA total of 1227 valid responses were obtained from 302 (24.6%) physicians, 252 (20.5%) pharmacists, 236 (19.2%) nurses, 218 (17.8%) dietitians, 193 (15.7%) rehabilitation therapists and 26 (2.0%) other professionals. Overall, 460 (37.5%) were not very or at all confident about cancer cachexia care, 791 (84.1%) agreed or strongly agreed that care was influenced by reimbursement availability and 774 (81.9%) did not have cancer cachexia as a mandatory curriculum. The largest mean barrier score (± standard deviation) was 63.7 ± 31.3 for education, followed by 55.6 ± 21.8 for team practice, 43.7 ± 32.5 for knowledge, 42.8 ± 17.7 for perception and 36.5 ± 16.7 for personal practice. There were statistically significant interprofessional differences in all domains (P < 0.05), especially for pharmacists and nurses with the highest or second highest scores in most domains.ConclusionsThere is a need to improve the educational system and team practices of cancer cachexia for most Japanese healthcare providers, especially pharmacists and nurses. Our study suggests the need to reform the mandatory educational curriculum and reimbursement system on cancer cachexia to promote interprofessional care for cancer cachexia in Japan.
The impact of cardiac rehabilitation for older adults with heart failure who underwent invasive cardiac treatment eligible for long‐term care needs certification: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Asai Masaru , Nishizaki Yuji , Nojiri Shuko , Nakagami Sachiko , Dohmae Soshi , Suzuki Yukio , Chiba Taiga , Yokoyama Miho , Minamino Tohru 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to assess the usefulness of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) for older adults with heart failure (HF) who need nursing care and investigate the effect of CR on cognitive function (CF) and basic activities of daily living (BADL).MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study. The study included older adults with HF eligible for long‐term care insurance in fiscal year 2014 (FY2014) as the baseline and followed them up until March 2018. Patients were divided into two groups, CR (+) and CR (−), and the changes in their CF and BADL scores over time for 3 years were investigated.ResultsOf the 765 patients included in the study, 36.5% performed CR. BADL scores in the CR (+) and CR (−) groups (mean (SE)) were 5.81 (0.26) vs. 5.87 (0.20) in FY2014, 5.6 (0.28) vs. 5.92 (0.21) in FY2015, 5.72 (0.31) vs. 6.15 (0.22) in FY2016, and 5.64 (0.33) vs. 6.40 (0.25) in FY2017, respectively. BADL scores worsened over time in the CR (−) group but had a trend to inhibit decline in the CR (+) group, and a significant difference was observed between both groups (p = 0.04). Multivariate analysis showed a significant difference in CR as a factor suppressing ADL decline after 1 year (adjusted odds ratios: 0.54, 95% confidence intervals: 0.36–0.82; p = 0.004). However, no significant difference in the CF scores was observed.ConclusionCR for older adults with HF eligible for long‐term care needs certification does not affect CF and may suppress ADL decline.
Associations among Challenge Stress, Hindrance Stress, and Employees' Innovative Work Behavior: Mediation Effects of Thriving at Work and Emotional Exhaustion
Authors: Xie Jinyan , Wen Zhonglin , Ma Yiming , Cai Baozhen , Liu Xiqin 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTEmployees' innovative work behavior (IWB) is one of the key factors in improving organizational competitiveness. Previous studies show that challenge and hindrance stress can impact employees' IWB, but our understanding of the exact mechanism underlying the impact is still limited. The present study employed four scales (Challenge and Hindrance Stress Scale, Thriving at Work Scale, Chinese Emotional Exhaustion Scale, and Employee Innovative Behavior Scale) to collect questionnaire data from 789 employees in diverse organizations via an online platform. A two‐path mediation model was constructed. The results show that: (a) challenge stress positively predicted thriving at work and IWB; (b) thriving at work played a partial mediation effect between challenge stress and IWB; (c) hindrance stress negatively predicted thriving at work and positively predicted emotional exhaustion; and (4) hindrance stress did not directly impact IWB while thriving at work and emotional exhaustion were main mediators in the relationship between hindrance stress and IWB. These findings suggest that employees should sensibly cope with different work stresses, while managers should plan work tasks scientifically and give employees adequate opportunities to learn and rest in order to keep them in a positive state to solve problems and work creatively.