bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The History of China
Authors: Wright David Curtis 
Published: November 2023

Chinese society and culture are evolving with a booming economy, expansion, production of consumer and industrial goods, and a growing influence upon the world. The History of China allows readers to delve into the rich history of this powerful nation.
China is both the world’s oldest continuing civilization and an emerging global super power. Over the last two millennia, this rich and complex nation has often been the wealthiest and most populous country on earth—and within a few decades, China may surpass all other nations as the most powerful in the world.
In this third edition of The History of China, readers will find a general survey of China’s long history, ranging from accounts of ancient Chinese civilization to individual dynasties, and its whirlwind transition to modernity and belated arrival into the international community. An extensive new chapter discusses the emergence of Xi Jinping as China’s paramount leader and the bold new directions in which he is taking the country and offers some speculations or predictions about where China is headed in the future. A timeline, appendix of Notable People in the History of China, and bibliography are updated. Ideal for high school and undergraduate students, this volume offers a lively, engaging narrative of the rich history of Chinese civilization through present day.
The History of Egypt
Authors: Perry Glenn E. 
Published: November 2023

Providing a valuable resource for readers seeking information on all periods of Egyptian history, this book covers Egypt starting from ancient times and continuing through the medieval Islamic period to focus on the events of the last 100 years, including the aborted revolution of 2011.
Egypt has experienced tumultuous events in recent years, especially starting with the uprisings and revolution of 2011. This second edition of The History of Egypt not only provides readers with in-depth information on events of the last decade—such as the Arab Spring, the removal of Hosni Mubarak from office, and the protests against Mohamed Morsi’s presidency—but also provides key background with chapters addressing previous periods of the country's history, starting from pre-Islamic times to pharaonic to Byzantine.
The volume offers an objective history of Egypt that is uniquely appropriate for a high school audience. This expanded and extensively updated second edition provides new content and media photographs that help bring recent events to life for readers without previous knowledge about the topic. It also includes coverage of important events in long-ago Egyptian history that lends valuable perspective to events in the 21st century, such the nation’s transformation into a Muslim and Arab country and Egypt’s post-1778 imperialism and modernization through World War I.
The History of South Africa
Authors: Beck Roger B. 
Published: November 2023

South Africa’s history stretches back to the beginnings of human existence. This book provides an overview to South Africa’s multiple millennia of history, covering its long and often troubled past to its current status in the 21st century.
A newly revised and thoroughly updated version of a popular Greenwood publication, The History of South Africa: Second Edition provides readers with readable, accessible information on the nation’s prehistory, early history and colonial past, its unfortunate apartheid era, as well as new coverage of South Africa’s more recent events in the 20th and 21st centuries. This work presents unique, extended coverage of South Africa’s prehistory, beginning 3.5 million years ago and incorporating information gleaned from the most recent archaeological finds. The text reflects the most current historiography on African settlement and life before the arrival of Europeans, accurately describes the colonial era as a period of European hegemony and intense African resistance, and discusses in great detail the apartheid years and the events leading up to majority rule in 1994. This second edition also includes an updated timeline, new biographical sketches of notable people, and supplies recent print and electronic resources in the bibliography.
The History of Spain
Authors: Pierson Peter 
Published: November 2023

Updated from the original 1999 publication, The History of Spain examines Spain’s long and fascinating history, from the earliest cave dwellers of Altamira to today’s current political strife with Catalonia.
This updated and expanded edition of The History of Spain offers an in-depth examination of Europe’s fifth largest economy, providing important coverage on the last two decades of Spanish history in particular. Following a general introduction to Spain, its government, and the diversity of its people and geography, this volume follows Spain’s unique history chronologically from the earliest archeological evidence.
Starting with Spain’s incorporation into the Roman Empire, subsequent chapters cover Spain’s medieval experience of Islam, Christianity, and Judaism; its unification; its “Golden Age” of world empire and cultural splendor; Napoleon’s invasion of Spain; and its troubled period that lasted for more than a century. The volume examines why, in 1936, Spain exploded into civil war followed by three dozen years of dictatorship. It also gives extended treatment to Spain’s successful transition to democracy since 1975. Ideal for a general reader, student, or traveler, The History of Spain provides a concise and lively introduction to Spain, its people, and traditions.
The History of Syria
Authors: Shoup John A. 
Published: November 2023

Syria is a country in turmoil, making headlines almost daily with news about its violent civil war and refugee crisis.
This one-volume addition to the Greenwood Histories of the Modern Nations series focuses on the events in the history of Syria from ancient times to the present, allowing readers to place current events within the context of the country's history.
Following the series format, the book opens with a timeline of key events in Syria's history. An introductory chapter provides a broad overview of life in Syria today. Chronologically arranged chapters follow, beginning with Prehistory to the Byzantine Period. The latter half of the volume focuses on the modern historic events that have occurred since World War II. A glossary of terms, an appendix of notable people, and an annotated bibliography round out the work, making it an ideal resource for high school students, undergraduates, and other general readers who are looking for an introductory text on Syrian history.
The History of the Baltic States
Authors: O'Connor Kevin C. 
Published: November 2023

Updating the popular 2003 first edition, this book is a narrative history of the Baltic States with particular focus on the events of the 20th and 21st centuries.
The Baltic States—Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuaniaâwere granted independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Since then, the three countries have struggled with sluggish economies, tensions with Russia, and government corruption. This extensively updated second edition of a well-regarded reference illuminates the events of the last decade, including the acceptance of all three nations into the European Union in 2004. Although it concentrates on the 20th and 21st centuries, the wide-ranging work covers major historical currents that have swept through Europe from the age of the Crusades through two world wars and into modern times.
Updates include events that have occurred since 2003, such as the area's declining birth rates and inflation problems that led to the European Union denying the adoption of the Euro in Lithuania. A new chapter entitled “The Totalitarian Experience, 1940â1953” focuses specifically on the major tragedies of the 20th century: the Baltic States’ loss of independence, their conquest by Nazi Germany, the Holocaust, and the horrors of the first years of Soviet rule. Historical controversies concerning World War II and the Soviet era are also addressed. Additionally, the Notable Figures section has been updated, the bibliography now includes many electronic resources, and photographs have been added.
The History of Venezuela
Authors: Tarver H. Micheal 
Published: November 2023

An indispensable resource for readers interested in Venezuelan history, this book analyzes Venezuela’s economic crisis through the context of its political and social history.
For decades, the economy of Venezuela has depended on petroleum. As a consequence of a reduction in the price of oil, Venezuela recently experienced an economic downturn resulting in rampant social spending, administrative corruption, and external economic forces that collectively led credit-rating agencies to declare in November 2017 that Venezuela was in default on its debt payments. How did this Latin American nation come to this point?
The History of Venezuela explores Venezuela’s history from its earliest times to the present day, demonstrating both the richness of Venezuela and its people and the complexity of its political, social, and economic problems. As with all titles in The Greenwood Histories of the Modern Nations series, this chronological narrative examines political, economic, cultural, philosophical, and religious continuities in Venezuela’s long and rich history, providing readers with a concise yet up-to-date study of the nation. The volume highlights the country’s wide variety of cultures, languages, political ideologies, and historical figures and landmarks through maps, photographs, biographies, a timeline, and a bibliographical essay with suggestions for further reading.
The Jazz Age
Authors: Roche Linda De 
Published: November 2023

This intriguing study examines the truth behind the myths and misconceptions that defined the Roaring Twenties, as portrayed through the popular literary works of the time.
This one-stop reference to the “Jazz Age”—the period that began after the First World War and ended with the stock market crash of 1929—digs into the cultural, historical, and literary contexts of the era. Author Linda De Roche examines the writing of the time to look beyond the common conceptions of the Roaring Twenties and instead reflect on the era's complexities and contradictions, including how gender and race influenced social mores.
The book profiles key American literature of the time, including F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises, Sinclair Lewis’s Babbit, Anita Loos’s Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, and Nella Larsen’s Passing. Filled with essays that offer historical explorations of each work as well as suggested learning activities, chapters also feature study questions, primary source documents, and chronologies. Support materials include activities, lesson plans, discussion questions, topics for further research, and suggested readings.
Krishna in History, Thought, and Culture
Authors: Vemsani Lavanya 
Published: November 2023

Krishna is a central figure in Hinduism, a religion that has been a fundamental force for thousands of years. This accessible encyclopedia covers texts, practices, scholarship, and arts related to Krishna from the earliest known sources on.
As Eastern religions and related practices such as yoga become increasingly popular, there is a need for resources that explain where these practices come from and what they mean. This is one of those works. Krishna is central to Hindu philosophy, theology, art, architecture, and literature, and an understanding of Krishna will give students greater understanding of the role of Hinduism around the world. Yet this isn't just a book on religion. The encyclopedia also provides insights into Indian and world history and into contemporary concerns, fostering respect for religious and cultural diversity.
Entries on a wide range of subjects related to Krishna cover India and other places where major Krishna religious centers and temples are established worldwide. Articles draw from classical Indian sources dating back as far as 1300 BCE and from folk and worldwide literature, including mythology from Jainism and Buddhism. The book's alphabetical organization, cross references in each entry that highlight related entries and further readings, and topical and thematic lists will facilitate in-depth research.
The Mafia
Authors: Hendley Nate 
Published: November 2023

Based on original sources and research, not legends and myth, this book presents a lively, in-depth analysis of how the American Mafia epitomizes organized crime.
Whether it's supplying illicit drugs, alcohol during Prohibition, gambling, prostitution, or even loans to those with bad credit, the Mafia has established itself as a part of the fabric of American society, politics, and economics for over a century. The Mafia continues to exist not only because of their immense power that allows their criminal organization to defy law enforcement, but because demand remains strong for what they offer. This book utilizes verifiable information about the Mafia based on newspaper and magazine accounts, police and FBI documents, court records, and the author's own original research to offer a deeper analysis of "the Mob" that provides historical, social, economic and cultural context. Fascinating biographical sketches that profile well-known Mafiosi such as Charles "Lucky" Luciano and John Gotti are also presented.
On Behalf of the President
Authors: Wright Lauren A. 
Published: November 2023

White House expert Lauren A. Wright identifies, explains, and measures the impact of the expanding role of presidential spouses in the White House and presidential campaign communications strategy, with a focus on the Clinton, Bush, and Obama administrations.
More than any other time in history, the First Lady now bears responsibilities tantamount to those of any high-ranking cabinet member. This fascinating book documents the growing presence of the president's wife in the communications strategies of the last three administrations, explaining why their involvement in a campaign has been critical to its survival. The book explores how the First Lady serves to persuade public opinion, make personal appeals to the public on behalf of the president, and promote initiatives that serve as uncontroversial frames for controversial policies.
The author delves into political discussions about what makes presidents and presidential candidates likable, what draws public support to their agendas, and why spouses appear to be more effective in these arenas than other surrogates or even the presidents themselves. The content features dozens of interviews with former White House staff and communications strategists; in-depth analysis of almost 1,700 public speeches made by Hillary Clinton, Laura Bush, and Michelle Obama; and surveys testing the effect of public relations strategies involving spouses on political opinion.
Pelé
Authors: Freedman Lew 
Published: November 2023

How did a young boy born into poverty become not only an international soccer star but a celebrity who visited and dined with kings and presidents? Where did the passion that fueled his success originate? This book examines the life of Pelé to find the answers.
Pelé is not simply an extraordinarily talented athlete who achieved incredible success on the soccer field; his performances inspired millions of soccer fans as well as individuals outside the sport around the world. During the peak of his career, Pelé was arguably the most famous person in the world—at a time when there was no Internet or social media to help build sweeping international awareness of a pop star.
This work is the most up-to-date examination of Pelé’s life, covering his personal history from childhood, his star-studded career as a multi-time World Cup champion playing for Brazil, his experiences in the United States playing for the New York Cosmos, as well as Pelé’s more recent, current, and future activities as ambassador for Brazil when it hosts the World Cup in 2014 and the Summer Olympics in 2016. All readers—ranging from the completely uninitiated who do not even recognize Pelé's name, to die-hard soccer fans and players—will gain a full appreciation of the greatest soccer player of all time.
ON-GOING ASSESSMENT OF ISSUES IN THE SEAWEED FARMING INDUSTRY IN SABAH, MALAYSIA
Authors: Datu Eranza Datu Razali , Bahron Arsiah , Alin James , Mahmud Roslinah , Malusirang Siti Rahma 
Published: November 2023

This paper provides an insight on the issues in seaweed farming and industry in Semporna, Sabah. The paper reviewed previous work and recent publications that related to the issues in seaweed farming. Eleven issues identified and re-assessed by the authors as follows: (1) unavailability of good quality â€˜seedlingsâ€™, (2) pollution in production areas, (3) occurrence of â€˜ice-iceâ€™ and epiphytes, (4) shortage of raw materials, (5) lack of capital to venture into the industry, (6) prolonged processing time in borrowing from financing institutions, (7) poor crop management, and (8) lack of fund for R&D programmes, (9) seaweed farming among malaysian islanders and immigrants, (10) seaweed farmers and middlemen, and (11) seaweed quality and pricing. the data collection was done through series of fieldwork and telephone interview. The research questions were asked based on open-ended question/interview checklist. The result indicated that not all the 11 issues are affecting the seaweed industry, and the NKEA EPP3 programme does provide a positive impact in commercializing the seaweed industry of Malaysia.
Keywords: seaweed farming, farmers, middlemen, pricing
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR AGAMA HINDU SISWA KELAS III DI UPT SD NEGERI 7 TANRUTEDONG
Authors: SUDARMIN SUDARMIN 
Published: November 2023

The aim of this research is to improve the Hindu religious learning achievement of class III students at UPT SD Negeri 7 Tanrutedong. This research is classroom action research. Data collection methods used in this research are observation, interviews and reflection. Meanwhile, based on this research method, the results of the analysis in this research are: (1) The application of the CTL learning model can create Hindu Religion learning that is in accordance with Creative, Effective and Interesting Learning (PaKEM) in class 3 at UPT SD Negeri 7 Tanrutedong, (2) The application of the CTL learning model can improve the Hindu Religion learning achievement of grade 3 students at UPT SD Negeri 7 Tanrutedong, (3) the application of the CTL learning model can improve the ethics or character of grade 3 students at UPT SD Negeri 7 Tanrutedong. This can at least be observed from changes in students' attitudes in the school environment.
ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar agama hindu siswa kelas III di UPT SD Negeri 7 Tanrutedong. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Metode Pengumpulan Data yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara dan refleksi. Sedangkan berdasarkan metode penelitian tersebut hasil analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) Penerapan model pembelajaran CTL dapat menciptakan pembelajaran Agama Hindu yang sesuai dengan Pembelajaran Kreatif, Efektif, dan Menarik (PaKEM) di kelas 3 di UPT SD Negeri 7 Tanrutedong, (2) Penerapan model pembelajaran CTL dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar Agama Hindu siswa kelas 3 di UPT SD Negeri 7 Tanrutedong, (3) penerapan model pembelajaran CTL dapat meningkatkan etika atau budi pekerti siswa kelas 3 di UPT SD Negeri 7 Tanrutedong. Hal ini setidaknya dapat diamati dari perubahan sikap para siswa dilingkungan sekolah.
Georg Neumayers Bemühungen um Kooperation mit Forschungseinrichtungen des Potsdamer Telegraphenberges
Authors: Paech Hans-Jürgen , Fritzsche Diedrich , Gernandt Hartwig , Kopsch Conrad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Georg Neumayer hat seit seiner Rückkehr aus Australien im Jahre 1864 unermüdlich für die Durchführung von erdmagnetischen Untersuchungen und besonders im Rahmen von Südpolar-Forschungen geworben. In den fast vier Jahren seiner Berliner Zeit ab Mitte 1872 nutzte er seinen Bekanntheitsgrad und seine Einflussmöglichkeit von Seiten der Kaiserlichen Admiralität auch zur Förderung der Forschungseinrichtungen auf dem Potsdamer Telegraphenberg. Ehe die ersten permanenten Baulichkeiten der neu entstehenden Observatorien errichtet waren, führte er dort schon im Jahre 1874 erste erdmagnetische Messungen durch, für deren Fortführung ihm dann unentgeltlich eine Holzhütte errichtet wurde. Seine Messungen erfolgten darin allerdings nur sporadisch und ohne Einbindung in ein größeres Forschungsprojekt, letzte Registrierungen von Neumayer sind aus dem Jahre 1891 bekannt. Später versuchte Neumayer bei seinen Expeditionsbemühungen nach der Berliner Zeit, ab März 1876, von Hamburg aus die Potsdamer Einrichtungen noch einzubeziehen, mit nachlassendem Erfolg. Das eigentliche Expeditionsgeschehen bei der Deutschen Südpolar-Expedition 1901–1903 gestaltete dann im Wesentlichen die neue Generation, an deren Spitze sich Erich von Drygalski auszeichnete. Die neuen Daten untermauern nachträglich die Richtigkeit der Standortwahl der Forschungsstelle des Alfred-Wegener-Instituts. Abschließend wird Neumayers uneingeschränkte Verehrung der wissenschaftlichen Leistungen des Namensgebers der anderen deutschen ehemaligen Antarktisstation Georg Forster anerkennend hervorgehoben.
Kognitiv atferdsterapi
Authors: Grande Marit , Røssberg Jan Ivar 
Published: November 2023

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a psychotherapeutic method focusing on the interaction between thoughts, behaviours, emotions and physiological factors in individuals. The central emphasis is on how people process the information they receive. It is assumed that the meaning or interpretation an individual has in each situation leads to uncomfortable emotions or inappropriate behaviours. Working systematically, the therapist first helps the patient see connections between their own behaviour, thoughts and feelings and to identify and explore negative automatic thoughts (NATs) and potential core beliefs. The therapist then encourages the patient to come up with alternative thoughts and test whether they result in less discomfort and better coping. The goal is for the patient to learn how to use CBT techniques by themself. The article describes a therapy process with a patient struggling with depression. Based on a case formulation that provides an overview of factors contributing to the development and maintenance of the patient’s problems, the most central therapeutic interventions are described: establishing agreement on therapy goals, session structure, setting an agenda, mood checks, and homework assignments. The article also provides examples of how the therapist encourages cognitive restructuring through open-ended questions and guided discovery.
Keywords: cognitive behavioural therapy, guided discovery, case formulation
Ormancılığımızda Keçiboynuzu (Ceratonia siliqua L.)
Authors: Baloğlu Ertaş Tuğçe 
Published: November 2023

Derleme niteliğindeki bu makale, sınırlı yayılış alanına rağmen ülkemiz ormancılığında önemli bir yere sahip olan tali orman ağacı türlerinden Keçiboynuzu (Ceratonia siliqua L.) üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Keçiboynuzu, odun dışı orman ürünü bağlamında yüksek bir potansiyele sahiptir. Çalışma kapsamında türün sosyo-kültürel, ekonomik ve silvikültürel özellikleri irdelenmiştir. Örneğin, ülkemizde 2019 yılında 7.652 dekar alanda 16.256 ton keçiboynuzu meyvesi üretilmiştir. Keçiboynuzu Eylem Planına göre ise Mersin, Adana, Antalya, Kahramanmaraş ve Muğla Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü’nde yaklaşık 30.000 hektarlık alanın Keçiboynuzu rehabilitasyonuna konu olabileceği ifade edilmektedir. Keçiboynuzu’nun sahip olduğu özellikleri ve ekonomik önemi nedeniyle, kullanım alanı gün geçtikçe artmaktadır.