bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glutamine prevents high-fat diet-induced hepatic lipid accumulation in mice by modulating lipolysis and oxidative stress
Authors: Liao Xin , Zhang Yongjie , Yang Fengyuan , Liu Tong , Yang Kaiqiang , Zhou Zhuohua , Fu Yinxu , Fu Ting , Shen Yao , Lyu Jianxin , Zhao Qiongya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with metabolic dysfunction, characterized by excess fat storage in the liver. Several studies have indicated that glutamine could be closely associated with lipid metabolism disturbances because of its important role in intermediary metabolism. However, the effect of glutamine supplementation on NAFLD progression remains unclear. Here, we used a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD C57BL/6 mouse model, and glutamine was supplied in the drinking water at different time points for NAFLD prevention and reversal studies. A NAFLD prevention study was performed by feeding mice an HFD concomitant with glutamine treatment for 24 weeks, whereas the NAFLD reversal study was performed based on glutamine treatment for 13 weeks after feeding mice an HFD for 10 weeks. In the prevention study, glutamine treatment ameliorated serum lipid storage, hepatic lipid injury, and oxidative stress in HFD-induced obese mice, although glutamine supplementation did not affect body weight, glucose homeostasis, energy expenditure, and mitochondrial function. In the NAFLD reversal study, there were no noticeable changes in the basic physiological phenotype and hepatic lipid metabolism. In summary, glutamine might prevent, but not reverse, HFD-induced NAFLD in mice, suggesting that a cautious attitude is required regarding its use for NAFLD treatment.
Comparison of AI software tools for automated detection, quantification and categorization of pulmonary nodules in the HANSE LCS trial
Authors: Kondrashova Rimma , Klimeš Filip , Kaireit Till Frederik , May Katharina , Barkhausen Jörg , Stiebeler Susanne , Sperl Jonathan , Dettmer Sabine , Wacker Frank , Vogel-Claussen Jens 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose
To compare the performance of two AI-based software tools for detection, quantification and categorization of pulmonary nodules in a lung cancer screening (LCS) program in Northern Germany (HANSE-trial).
Method
946 low-dose baseline CT-examinations were analyzed by two AI software tools regarding lung nodule detection, quantification and categorization and compared to the final radiologist read. The relationship between detected nodule volumes by both software tools was assessed by Pearson correlation (r) and tested for significance using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The consistency of Lung-RADS classifications was evaluated by Cohen’s kappa (κ) and percentual agreement (PA).
Results
1032 (88%) and 782 (66%) of all (n = 1174, solid, semi-solid and ground-glass) lung nodules (volume ≥ 34mm3) were detected by Software tool 1 (S1) and Software tool 2 (S2), respectively. Although, the derived volumes of true positive nodules were strongly correlated (r > 0.95), the volume derived by S2 was significantly higher than by S1 (P < 0.0001, mean difference: 6mm3). Moderate PA (62%) between S1 and S2 was found in the assignment of Lung-RADS classification (κ = 0.45). The PA of Lung-RADS classification to final read was 75% and 55% for S1 and S2.
Conclusion
Participant management depends on the assigned Lung Imaging Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) category, which is based on reliable detection and volumetry of pulmonary nodules. Significant nodule volume differences between AI software tools lead to different Lung-RADS scores in 38% of cases, which may result in altered participant management. Therefore, high performance and agreement of accredited AI software tools are necessary for a future national LCS program.
Thermal stresses in an orthotropic hollow sphere under thermal shock: a unified generalized thermoelasticity
Authors: Soroush Mehdi , Soroush Mohammad 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper deals with the thermoelasticity problem in an orthotropic hollow sphere. A unified governing equation are derived which includes the Classical, Lord-Shulman and Green-Lindsay coupled theories of thermoelasticity. Time-dependent thermal and mechanical boundary conditions are applied to the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow sphere and the problem is solved analytically using the finite Hankel transform. The inner surface of the sphere is subjected to a thermal shock in the form of a prescribed heat flux. Subsequently, the thermal response, radial displacement, as well as radial, tangential, and circumferential stresses of the sphere are determined. The influence of different orthotropic material properties and relaxation time values is investigated and presented graphically. The obtained results demonstrate excellent agreement with the existing literature.
Embosphere microspheres size for bronchial artery embolization in patients with hemoptysis caused by bronchiectasis: a retrospective comparative analysis of 500-750 versus 700-900 µm microspheres
Authors: Xu Hong-dou , Yang Liang , Hu Shi-bing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy outcomes of 500-750 versus 700-900 μm Embosphere microspheres for bronchial artery embolization (BAE) in patients with bronchiectasis-related hemoptysis.
Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on consecutive patients with bronchiectatic hemoptysis who were scheduled to undergo BAE treatment during a period from January 2018 to December 2022. The patients received BAE using microspheres of different sizes: group A patients were treated with 500-750 μm microspheres, and group B patients were treated with 700-900 μm microspheres. The cost of embolic microspheres (Chinese Yuan, CNY), duration of hospitalization, complications, and hemoptysis-free survival were compared between patients in group A and those in group B. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify predictors of recurrent hemoptysis.
Results: The final analysis included a total of 112 patients (49-77 years of age; 45 men). The patients were divided into two groups: group A (N=68), which received 500-750 μm Embosphere microspheres, and group B (N=44), which received 700-900 μm Embosphere microspheres. Except for the cost of embolic microspheres(group A,5314.8+ 1301.5 CNY; group B, 3644.5+1192.3 CNY; p=0.042), there were no statistically significant differences in duration of hospitalization (group A,7.2+1.4 days; group B, 8 +2.4days; p = 0.550), hemoptysis-free survival (group A, 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, 85.9%, 75.8%, 62.9%; group B, 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, 88.4%, 81.2%,59.4%;P=0.060), and complications(group A,26.5%; group B, 38.6%; p = 0.175) between the two groups. No major complications were observed. The multivariate analysis results revealed that the presence of cystic bronchiectasis (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.12–2.83; P =0.001) and systemic arterial-pulmonary shunts (SPSs) (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.10–2.72; P =0.028) were independent risk factors for recurrent bleeding.
Conclusions: For the treatment of BAE in patients with bronchiectasis-related hemoptysis, 500-750 μm diameter Embosphere microspheres have a similar efficacy and safety profile compared to 700-900 μm diameter Embosphere microspheres, especially for those without SPSs or cystic bronchiectasis. Furthermore, the utilization of large-sized (700-900 µm) Embosphere microspheres is associated with the reduced cost of an embolic agent.
Exosomal circPOLK promotes metastasis of NSCLC cells via regulating mir-1204/SOX8 axis
Authors: Li Yang-ling , Liu Ye-han , Cheng Jing , Wei Qiang-zhen , Lin Neng-ming , Zhang Chong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common subtype of lung cancer, and the prognosis of NSCLC patients is still poor particularly for patients with metastatic disease. Thus, extending the knowledge about the mechanism of metastasis is critical for NSCLC treatment. We demonstrated that hsa_circ_0073052 (circPOLK) was overexpressed in blood exosomes from cancer patients than those from healthy people. Furthermore, circPOLK was identified as a circular RNA and generated from host gene POLK by back-splicing in NSCLC cells. Although circPOLK knockdown could not affect the proliferation of NSCLC cells, circPOLK overexpression enhanced the migration/invasion and EMT progression of NSCLC cells in vitro. In vivo, NSCLC transfected with shcircPOLK exhibited less metastatic foci in nude mice as compared to those transfected with empty vector. Next, we found that circPOLK might function as miRNA sponge in NSCLC cells. Through bioinformatical prediction and RNA pull-down experiment, miR-1204 might be a potential target of circPOLK. Interestingly, serumal miR-1204 was an efficacious diagnostic and prognostic molecular for lung cancer patients and acted as a NSCLC suppressor on cancer progression. Furthermore, circPOLK promoted metastasis of NSCLC via regulating miR-1204. To further identify the potential target mRNA of circPOLK/miR-1204, a Venn diagram was generated showing that there were eight overlapping genes among circPOLK regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and potential downstream targets of miR-1204 by bioinformatical predictions. Furthermore, SOX8 was identified as a potential target of circPOLK/miR-1204. GO enrichment of circPOLK regulated DEGs showed that circPOLK might be involved in angiogenesis of NSCLC. Indeed, circPOLK secreted by NSCLC cells could promote angiogenesis. Our dada not only identifies a novel circPOLK/miR-1204/SOX8 signaling pathway, but also provides therapeutical strategies for NSCLC patients with metastatic disease.
Improved tactile speech robustness to background noise with a dual-path recurrent neural network noise-reduction strategy
Authors: Fletcher Mark D. , Perry Samuel W. , Thoidis Iordanis , Verschuur Carl A. , Goehring Tobias 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Many hearing-impaired people struggle to understand speech in background noise, making noise robustness critical for hearing-assistive devices. Recently developed haptic hearing aids, which convert audio to vibration, can improve speech-in-noise performance for cochlear implant (CI) users and assist those unable to access hearing-assistive devices. Haptic hearing aids are typically worn on the body rather than the head, allowing additional space for batteries and microprocessors. This means they can deploy more sophisticated noise-reduction techniques. In the current study, we assessed whether a real-time-feasible noise-reduction strategy, using a dual-path recurrent neural network (DPRNN), improves the noise robustness of haptic hearing aids. Audio was converted to vibration on the wrist using a previously developed vocoder method, either with or without noise reduction. In 16 participants, tactile-only sentence identification was measured for speech in quiet and in multi-talker background noise. The DPRNN improved sentence identification in noise by 8.2% on average and did not affect performance in quiet. This suggests that advanced techniques like the DPRNN could substantially improve outcomes with haptic hearing aids. Low cost, non-invasive haptic devices could soon be an important supplement to hearing-assistive devices such as CIs or offer an alternative for people who are unable to access CI technology.
Serotyping, molecular typing, and vaccine protein screening for Riemerella anatipestifer: overcoming challenges in prevention and treatment
Authors: Li Yanlan , Zhu Xihui , Wang Zhiwei , Pang Zheyu , Si Zhenshu , Liu Cheng , Lu Jianbiao , Cao Shengliang , Ren Qinghai , Du Xusheng , Chen Duanduan , Li Xiaoting , Pei Lanying , Li Yubao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Riemerella anatipestifer affects the duck farming industry worldwide, causing substantial economic losses. Disease prevention and treatment mainly rely on vaccines and antibiotics; however, the large number of serotypes and increasing resistance of R. anatipestifer have caused great difficulties in preventing and treating the infection.
Results
Serotyping and molecular typing of 51 strains of R. anatipestifer was performed. We predicted vaccine proteins based on pan-genome analysis and via cross-immune protection potential. Rabbits were immunized with antigens, and nine serotyped sera were prepared, which were submitted to peer experts for serotype identification; six serotypes with two unformed strains were identified. The results for the self-made serotypes were consistent with those obtained from the externally submitted strains. Pan-genome analysis was carried out on 51 strains of R. anatipestifer, and an open pan-genome set of 5,094 genes was constructed. COG annotation classification revealed that the core and non-core genomes had apparent differences in gene function. Of the 51 strains of R. anatipestifer isolates, 18 belonged to the 3 previously known serotypes, and the 33 represented newly identified serotypes, totaling 13 species. The clustering analysis demonstrated a significant genetic variation at the gene level among the housekeeping genes of R. anatipestifer. The pan-genome phylogenetic tree demonstrated that the 51 strains of R. anatipestifer could be roughly divided into 8 branches, each with a similar unique gene distribution and biological characteristics. The core gene tree showed that the 51 strains of R. anatipestifer could be divided into 6 major branches and that the strains from the same region had a clustered distribution in the evolutionary tree, forming multiple geographic subpopulations. This information served as a guide for dividing the strains into smaller geographic subgroups. Five genes of interest were screened from 1,116 core genomes that have the potential to serve as better cross-protective vaccine proteins.
Conclusions
Fills the gaps in the existing typing systems for Riemerella anatipestifer by utilizing a combination of serotyping, MLST typing, and pan-genome analysis, it provided valuable insights into the epidemiology, evolution, and pathogenesis of this bacterium. Our research not only enhances our understanding of Riemerella anatipestifer but also paves the way for the development of effective cross-protective vaccines.
An Enhanced RANSAC-RTK Algorithm in GNSS-Challenged Environments
Authors: Dai Wujiao , Wen Yaxin , Yu Wenkun , Chen Biyan , Pan Lin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Outliers significantly affect the accuracy and reliability of global navigation satellite system (GNSS). The outliers must be properly handled in real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning, particularly in GNSS-challenged environments. Otherwise, the accuracy and reliability of RTK positioning solutions cannot be guaranteed in these environments. To improve the usability of RTK positioning in GNSS-challenged environments, we propose an enhanced RANdom SAmple Consensus RTK (RANSAC-RTK) algorithm to handle multiple and continuous outliers. In the enhanced RANSAC algorithm, the threshold setting, sample prescreening and sample checking methods are improved considering the characteristics of GNSS data. Experiments are conducted using GNSS data collected in a GNSS-challenged environment with simulated continuous outliers for multiple satellites. The experimental results show that the standard RTK algorithm is vulnerable to outliers. In contrast, the enhanced RANSAC-RTK algorithm can effectively deal with multiple and continuous outliers, and the ambiguity fixing rate is increased by 33%. Therefore, it can significantly improve RTK performance in GNSS-challenged environments.
Comparative photoelectrochemical characteristics of heterostructure and composite films based on BiVO 4 andWO3
Authors: chemistry Vernadsky Institute of general and inorganic , Fomanyuk Sergii , Rusetskyi Ihor , Danilov Mihail , Kolbasov Genadyi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Films of heterostructure BiVO4/WO3, composite BiVO4 with WO3 and pure BiVO4 were obtained by electrochemical deposition. The analysis of the photoelectrochemical characteristics of such films showed that observed of changes in the photoelectrochemical parameters towards as the increase in photocurrent quantum yield and the decrease in overvoltage of oxygen evolution on the photoanode in the series of the pure BiVO4, heterojunction BiVO4/WO3 and composite BiVO4-WO3. The reason for such a positive effect in reducing the energy losses has associated with the decreases recombination of electrons and holes in the BiVO4 with WO3 composite as a result of the increase in the contact area of the two semiconductors BiVO4 with WO3 compared to the heterostructure. That to also contribute increase in the photoelectrocatalytic activity of the surface and the decrease in the electron transport resistance.
Keyed Watermarks: A Fine-grained Watermark Generation for Apache Flink
Authors: Yasser Tawfik , Arafa Tamer , El-Helw Mohamed , Awad Ahmed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Big Data Stream processing engines, exemplified by tools like Apache Flink, employ windowing techniques to manage unbounded streams of events. Aggregating relevant data within Windows is important for event-time windowing due to its impact on result accuracy. A pivotal role in this process is attributed to watermarks, unique timestamps signifying event progression in time. Nonetheless, the existing watermark generation method within Apache Flink, operating at the input stream level, exhibits a bias towards faster sub-streams, causing the omission of events from slower counterparts. Our analysis determined that Apache Flink's standard watermark generation approach results in an approximate 33% data loss when 50% of median-proximate keys experience delays. Furthermore, this loss exceeds 37% in cases where 50% of randomly selected keys encounter delays.
In this paper, we introduce a pioneering approach termed keyed watermarks to address data loss concerns and enhance data processing precision to a minimum of 99% in most scenarios. Our strategy facilitates distinct progress monitoring by creating individualized watermarks for each logical sub-stream (key). Within our investigation, we delineate the essential architectural and API modifications requisite for integrating keyed watermarks while also highlighting our experience in navigating the expansion of Apache Flink's extensive codebase. Moreover, we conduct a comparative evaluation between the efficacy of our approach and the conventional watermark generation technique concerning the accuracy of event-time tracking, the latency of watermark processing, and the growth of Flink's maintained state.
Modeling and Analysis of Nanosphere Structure for Bio-Sensing Application
Authors: Suryanarayana N K , Venkatesha M , Asha K , Krishnaswamy Narayan , Guha Koushik 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Nanosphere structure are the suitable and efficient nanoparticle for the biological application in designing the refractive index-based sensors. Modeling and analysis of Nanosphere structure is simulated. Nanosphere structure acts as a surface plasmon device. The Gold nanospheres are commonly used nano devices. The UV visible spectrum wavelength from 300nm-900nm is applied. The Mie scattering algorithm and dipole approximation methods are the modeling methods used. The cross-section efficiency and sensitivity of the nanosphere based refractive index sensor is analyzed. The mathematical analysis is conducted using discrete dipole approximation method. These are the part of the theory of scattering of light by nano particles which has homogenous and spherical in size. The Riccati-Bessel functions are used in the Mie calculations.
Natural products fragment-based design and synthesis of a novel pentacyclic ring system as potential MAPK Inhibitor
Authors: Hou Bao-Long , Wu kenan , Liu Jianli , Liang Yanni , Wang Cuiling , Wang Zheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The synthesis of compounds based on fragments derived from natural products (NPs) serves as a source of inspiration for the design of pseudo-natural products (PNPs), to identify bioactive molecules that exhibit similar characteristics to NPs. These novel molecular scaffolds exhibit previously unexplored biological activities as well. This study reports the development and synthesis of a novel pentacyclic ring system, theindole-pyrimidine-quinoline (IPQ) scaffold. The design of this scaffoldwas based on the structural characteristics of four natural products, namelytryptanthrin, luotonin A, rutaecarpine, and camptothecin. Several successive steps accomplished the effective synthesis of the IPQ scaffold. The constituent componentsof the pentacycle, containingthe indole,quinazolinone, pyrimidone, and quinoline units, possess significant biological significance. Compound 1a demonstrated noteworthy anti-cancer efficacy against several human cancer cell lines among the tested compounds. The compound 1a was observed to elicit cell cycle arrest in both the G2/M and S phases, as well as trigger apoptosis in A549 cells. These effects were attributed to its ability to modulate the activation of mitochondrial-related mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways.
On the Utility of Ordered Incremental Attribute Learning based Variance and mRMR Techniques
Authors: Gorrab Siwar , Rejab Fahmi Ben , Nouira Kaouther 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
From the major issues of machine learning and data mining is Feature Selection, picking only the pertinent features to further emphasize the learning search. One relaxed category of feature selection is feature ranking which orders the features according to their relevance. However, numerous feature selection techniques are still rarely used in unsupervised tasks as well as for incrementally clustering continuously emerging mixed data streams with added features. This paper provides a better insight into one particular machine learning algorithm: the Unsupervised Incremental Attribute Learning based on k-prototypes with further analysis on the impact of feature ranking on Incremental K-prototypes. Our approach firstly selects the most relevant features from the new emerging ones with ranking them. Then, a proposed Incremental K-prototypes algorithm is applied on this subset of important features. To do so, two techniques have been proposed. One is the mRMR Feature Selection technique, designed to determine the smallest relevant subset of features with standing for minimum Redundancy and Maximum Relevance. Two is sorting the added features with respect to their calculated variances. The comparative study between the different orders, batch k-prototypes and well-known method reveals that our method is skilled and efficient according to the run time, the Sum of Squared Error and the Davies-Bouldin index evaluation measures.