bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Great Flood of the Eleventh Century and the Migration of the Aztec-Mexica and the Anahuac Peoples
Authors: Morales Erik Damián Reyes 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This work relies on the proposal that Aztlan was on the same islets of Texcoco Lake where Mexica founded Mexico-Tenochtitlan, that Teocolhuacan was where Iztapalapa town is today and that the Aztec-Mexica migration happened in the context of the great flood of the eleventh century. Based on human geography, this article aims to take a step forward and test this proposal by developing the migration routes that the Aztec-Mexica and the eight peoples that walked with them, according to the Tira de la peregrinación, might have followed. From the analysis carried out, this essay proposes that these peoples walked south and split themselves in the valleys of Cuauhtla or Cuernavaca. From there, this work suggests migration routes for these eight peoples and argues that most of them came back to the Anahuac Valley because of the high political value of this territory. Finally, this article locates the migrations of the Toltec, Colhua, Chichimeca, Acolhua, and Otomi in the context of the flood and provides a general panorama of the migratory process that this natural catastrophe could have caused. This examination reinforces the claim that the Aztec-Mexica were in the Anahuac Valley in Toltec times.
Participation vs. Effectiveness in Sponsored Tweet Campaigns: A Quality-Quantity Conundrum
Authors: Peng Jing , Van den Bulte Christophe 
Published: January 2024

We investigate the participation and effectiveness of paid endorsers in sponsored tweet campaigns. We manipulate the financial pay rate offered to endorsers on a Chinese paid endorsement platform, where payouts are contingent on participation rather than engagement outcomes. Hence, our design can distinguish between variation in participation and variation in outcomes, even if people select to endorse only specific tweets. Also, the lack of compensation for effort allows one to attribute differences in outcomes to precontractual selection rather than postcontractual behavior. The main finding is that endorsers exhibited adverse selection. Several observed and unobserved endorser characteristics associated with a higher propensity to participate had a negative association with being an effective endorser given participation. This adverse selection results in a conundrum when trying to recruit a sizable number of high-quality endorsers. Only 9.5%–11.8% of the endorsers were above the median in both the propensity to participate and the propensity to be effective compared to a benchmark of 25% in the absence of any association. A simulation analysis of various targeting approaches that leverages our data of actual endorsements and outcomes shows that targeting candidate endorsers by scoring and ranking them using models taking into account adverse selection on observables improves campaign outcomes by 13%–55% compared to models ignoring adverse selection. This paper was accepted by Eric Anderson, marketing. Funding: This project was made possible by financial support extended to J. Peng through a Penn Lauder Center for International Business Education & Research PhD Grant and a Wharton Baker Retailing Center PhD Research Grant. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2019.01897 .
Peripapillary vessel density in eyes with cone-rod dystrophy
Authors: Shinozuka Masato , Arai Mizuho , Hirayama Yumeno , Uechi Yuna , Kawasaki Shohei , Okawa Kazuyoshi , Iwashita Yume , Miyazato Misa , Hirono Kazushi , Nakamura Kentaro , Inoue Tatsuya , Asaoka Ryo , Yanagi Yasuo , Maruyama-Inoue Maiko , Kadonosono Kazuaki 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
To compared the vessel density (VD) around the optic nerve head (ONH) in eyes with cone-rod dystrophy (CORD) and healthy control eyes in a sector-wise manner and to investigate the relationship between VD around the ONH and visual function in CORD eyes.

Methods
Twenty-six eyes in 14 CORD patients and 25 eyes in 25 healthy control subjects were examined. Using OCT angiography images, the VDs in the superficial and deep capillary plexus at the macula (sVDm and dVDm) and those around the ONH in the superior, temporal, inferior and nasal region (VDnh_s, VDnh_t, VDnh_i, and VDnh_n, respectively) were measured for each eye. Patient age, visual acuity (VA) and VDs were then compared between two groups. Moreover, the relationships between VA and the VDs were analyzed using a linear mixed model and AICc model selection.

Results
No significant difference in age was seen between the CORD and control groups (p = 0.87, Wilcoxon rank sum test), but the VA was significantly lower in the CORD group (p<0.0001). Both sVDm and dVDm were significantly lower in the CORD eyes than in the control eyes (both p<0.0001). Among VDnh_s, VDnh_t, VDnh_i, and VDnh_n, however, only VDnh_t differed significantly between the CORD and control groups (p = 0.035). Among age, VDnh_t, dVDm, and sVDm, the optimal model for VA included only VDnh_t and dVDm.

Conclusions
In addition to the VD in the deep capillary plexus at the macula, the measurement of temporal VD around the ONH might be useful for predicting visual function in eyes with CORD.
Konsep Ittiḥād dalam Fabel Mantiq at-Ṭair: Pemikiran Tasawuf Falsafi Farīduddīn ‘Aṭār (1145-1221 M)
Authors: Muhammad Ihza Fazrian  , A.Anjasyah  , Sulistiyo  
Published: January 2024

This article focuses on Farīduddīn ‘Aṭār 's philosophy of Sufism, namely the concept of ittihad. His thoughts on ittihad can be explored through his work in the form of a fable entitled Mantiq at-Ṭair (The Deliberation of Birds). The fable tells the story of birds that gather and deliberate to find their King named Simurgh. Everything contained in the work is a reflection of ‘Aṭār 's own Sufistic experience in seeking God which is retold through fables. In general, the concept of ittihad was initiated by Abu Yazid al-Bustami, ‘Aṭār developed the concept through his work. Regarding the process of ittihad, in his work ‘Aṭār tells the story of the seven valleys that birds must pass through in search of Simurgh; ṭalab (search), ‘isyq (love), ma'rifat (knowledge), istighnā (the absurdity of things around), tawhīd (unity), hīraṭ (confusion), and fana. The valleys are described as challenges that must be overcome by a Sufi who wants to find his God. The journey ends with the transience of the birds (Sufis) towards other than the Simurgh (God) to cause devotion to Him. This research uses descriptive-analytic method with data obtained from relevant literature sources to build structured and systematic findings. The findings in this article show that the concept of ittihad developed by ‘Aṭār emphasizes the aspects of ‘isyq and fana to find God.
Gemeinsam InTakt – mit Veeh-Harfen® die Welt der Musik entdecken
Authors: Schleyerbach Tanja Amal 
Published: January 2024

Zusammenfassung
Mit einem großen Bestand an Veeh-Harfen und Notenmappen können in der Stadtbibliothek Reutlingen für Menschen mit und ohne Assistenzbedarf Angebote zum gemeinsamen Musizieren und sich Vernetzen gemacht werden. Haupt- und ehrenamtliche Multiplikator/innen besuchen Seminare, um das Instrument bei ihrer Arbeit einsetzen zu können. Instrumente und Noten können von Einzelpersonen oder sozialen Einrichtungen entliehen werden.
Right node raising in Mandarin Chinese: are we moving right?
Authors: Wang Yuyun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article discusses the right node raising construction in Chinese (henceforth the RNR). It aims to provide a novel analysis that can deal with two new observations made in the Chinese RNR construction, including the tone sandhi phenomenon, which provides clues to the syntax of RNR from syntax-prosody mapping, and a syntactic constraint that only arguments, but not adjuncts, may qualify as an RNR target. Based on these new observations, I show that none of the previous analyses of the RNR (mainly in English) are fully adequate in accounting for the RNR in Chinese. An alternative analysis is pursued here. Given the syntactic and syntax-prosodic properties, I propose to analyze the gaps within the coordinated structure in Chinese Right-Node Raising (RNR) by exploring the notion of an empty noun, along with the concept of the True Empty Category. In the RNR construction, the coordinated structure undergoes leftward movement over the RNR target, which is driven by considerations of information structure. As a result, this induces an illusion of rightward movement on the surface.
Distance Learning For Military Doctors in Crisis Situations: The DILEMMA Cross-Sectional Study Results
Authors: Sydorova Nataliia , Savytskyi Valerii , Kuts Taras 
Published: January 2024

Distance learning for medical personnel, although convenient in times of crisis (pandemics, military operations), can be a problem in terms of the limited practical component of such training. The goal of presented Survey on DIstance LEarning for students of the Ukrainian Military Medical Academy (DILEMMA) was to optimize the educational process for doctors studying at the Ukrainian Military Medical Academy (UMMA) based on the results of students’ survey dedicated to implemented forms of online teaching. Methods: The data presented reflect the results of 147 trainees’ survey dedicated to their satisfaction and ways to improve distance learning component of training/retraining at UMMA during such crisis situations as pandemics and hostilities. Primary and secondary endpoints were analyzed for groups of interns (DILEMMA-1, n=78) and physicians with practical experience participating in postgraduate activities at UMMA (DILEMMA-2, n=69). Results. The overall evaluations of distance learning as measured by a 10-point scale (primary endpoint) were 5.9±3.3 for DILEMMA-1 and 6.5±3.3 for DILEMMA-2 (p=0.27), which indicates a moderate overall evaluation. The proportion of satisfied and very satisfied students was smaller in the DILEMMA-1 group compared to DILEMMA-2 but remained quite high (76.9% vs. 92.8%, respectively, p<0.05). Respondents of the DILEMMA-1 and DILEMMA-2 arms gave different answers to the questions related to their preferred forms of online education, mode, and schedule. In particular, representatives of the DILEMMA-2 arm mostly prefer to have their online classes after 3:00 p.m. (67.5%) with duration for about 2 hours (56.5%), while most participants in DILEMMA-1 arm (73.1%) choose time interval from 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. and 62.8% consider the optimal duration to be 3–4 hours of online classes per day. According to results of survey, optimization of distance learning component was made at UMMA. Conclusions. Differences in the perception of distance learning between interns and doctors with practical experience necessitate a differentiated approach to the implementation of distance learning for these groups of students. In addition, the special categories of respondents among students were identified by us, which lead to the destructuring of the response matrix and the nonparametric nature of some data, dictate the need to censor extremely negative (“denialists”) and extremely positive (“pleasers”) respondents when assessing the quality of teaching by anonymous survey of students, and therefore the size of the initial sample depending on contingent should be increased by 16–25%.
How Do Food Service Managers Look at School Catering? A Qualitative Content Analysis of a Roundtable Discussion on School Meals Provision
Authors: Kiss Anna , Pfeiffer Laura , Dominek-Hajdu Zsófia , Soós Sándor , Tompa Orsolya 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChildren are a vulnerable group in terms of obesity: nearly 20% of Hungarian kindergarten and school-aged children are overweight or obese. School catering plays a decisive role in shaping children's nutritional behavior. To support the prevention of obesity and to increase the quality of children's diets, legislation passed in 2014 included provisions on school catering. This paper provides a qualitative content analysis of a roundtable discussion on the school catering system that took place at an interdisciplinary conference, with the aim of identifying the most important messages about school meals conveyed by the discussion. During the qualitative analysis of the roundtable discussion, seven main categories emerged: factors supporting the acceptance/implementation of public catering; factors hindering the acceptance/implementation of public catering; everyday problems in the implementation of public catering; the task of caterers and public catering; the transformation of public catering; cooperation among parties with an interest in public catering; and factors helping children to cooperate. The co-occurrence network of subcategories and values can be broken down into one large component and several separate, small components. Thus, it can be concluded that the majority of subthemes and values are grouped into a coherent system. The results point to the key role of school catering in healthy nutrition and nutrition education, and the importance of close cooperation among parties with an interest in school catering to promote the social acceptance of catering and the prevention of childhood obesity.
Institutional interplay in China’s economic system on the example of hukou
Authors: Moszyński Michał , Guo Yanrong 
Published: January 2024

Background: The introduction of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021–2025) re-emphasizes the transformation of China’s economic order and draws the hukou system back into the limelight. Hukou, a system of population registration and movement control developed since the 1950s, has experienced several reform waves. It is worth examining its new strategic role as a supporting element of the evolving Chinese economic system in interaction with other institutions.
Research objectives: The article aims to examine and assess the evolution of the hukou and its interaction with other formal (meta)institutions: the labour market, welfare system, and education system, as well as its institutional support for China’s economic model.
Research design and methods: We based the study on qualitative research using our two-level model for analysing the relationship between selected institutions and the evolution of hukou.
Results: The changes in the household registration system go in line with China’s evolving economic strategy. The hukou’s relationship with individual institutions has been effective or ineffective depending on the period.
Conclusions: Hukou has played a major role in supporting the Chinese economic model in terms of the supply of cheap labour, local economic development, and talent selection.
COMPARISON OF POPULATION MORBIDITY IN SOME WATER SUPPLY ZONES OF A LARGE URBAN AGGLOMERATION AND PERMANGANATE OXIDIZABILITY OF DRINKING WATER
Authors: Yalaletdinova A. V. , Malkova M. A. , Samus A. I. , Kantor E. A. 
Published: January 2024

There has been researched the relationship between permanganate oxidizability of drinking water and the primary and total population turnover in polyclinics of the city, located in the areas supplied with drinking water from surface water intake, infiltration water intake, as well as in the area located in the mixing zone of water from surface and infiltration water intakes, for the following diseases: malignant neoplasms, blood diseases, endocrine diseases, diseases of the circulatory system, respiratory diseases, diseases of the digestive organs, skin diseases. The method of correlation and regression analysis has been used to find the relationship between the indicator of drinking water quality and the number of applications (primary and/or general) of the population to polyclinics. Different manifestations of relationships between diseases of the population and permanganate oxidizability of drinking water have been revealed. Thus, permanganate oxidizability can positively or negatively affect respiratory diseases, blood diseases and congenital deformities.
Differences in manifestation of relations between population diseases and permanganate oxidizability of water in the zone of surface water intake, the zone of mixing of surface and infiltration water intakes, as well as the zone of infiltration water intake have been established. The maximum number of correlation coefficients characterizing the relationship between the indicator and malignant neoplasms, diseases of urogenital system and skin diseases is noted for the zone of infiltration water intake, while in the other two zones the correlation coefficients are either absent or their occurrence is minimal. Correlation coefficients characterizing the relationship between the indicator and the same disease in the zones of influence of surface water intake, mixing zone and zone of influence of infiltration water intake can have different signs.
It should be noted that correlation coefficients of moderate, noticeable and high association do not mean that there is a risk of one or another disease, but only indicate that there is some relationship between permanganate oxidizability and these diseases.
El corrido del narcotráfico como descendiente del folclor popular hispano / The drug trafficking ballad and its link to the Spanish popular poetry
Authors: Ramirez-Barradas Herlinda 
Published: January 2024

Resumen: El artículo es una revisión de los corridos sobre el narcotráfico que en las últimas décadas han invadido el mercado nacional de México y algunas partes de Estados Unidos. En primer lugar se presenta dimensión sensacionalista de la poesía popular y, a partir de los estudios de Julio Caro Baroja. Después, se hacen conexiones entre el romance vulgar y los narcocorridos que, a pesar de los siglos que los separan, presentan una visión similar del delincuente común a quien el pueblo admira por sus despliegues de bravura y coraje. El rastreo permite concluir que el narcocorrido no surge como un fenómeno único, su existencia se debe a la relación que existe entre este nuevo subgénero y viejas expresiones poéticas populares.
Palabras clave: literatura latinoamericana; poesía; cultura popular; corrido

Abstract: The article is a review of the corridos on drug trafficking that States in recent decades have invaded the national market of Mexico and some parts of the United. First, it presents the sensationalist dimension of folk poetry, based on Julio Caro Baroja studies. Then, it makes connections between the romance vulgar and the narcocorrido that, despite the centuries that separate them, show a similar view of the common criminal, admired by the people for their displays of bravery and courage. The investigation allows concluding that the narcocorrido emerges not as a unique phenomenon; its existence is due to the relationship between this new sub-genre and old popular poetic expressions.
Keywords: latin american literature; ballad; folk culture; poetry
COMPARATIVE STUDY: ENDOSCOPIC DACROCYSTORHINOSTOMY WITH AND WITHOUT STENT
Authors: Fatah Mariwan 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundDacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is a commonly performed operation in which a fistulous tract is created between the lacrimal sac and the nasal cavity.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the necessity for silicone tube insertion following endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EDCR).
Patient and MethodsA prospective interventional comparative study was carried out in the Center of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery/Al Sulaymaniyah Teaching Hospital from March 2021 to April 2022. Twenty-two patients (25 eyes) with epiphora were included; an ophthalmologist referred them after diagnosing the cause and site of obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct, 86.4 % of which were female and remaining 13.6 % were male, with ages ranging from 15 to 61. They were randomly assigned to two groups: GroupA 11 patients (12 eyes) underwent EDCR with silicone stent, while GroupB 11 patients (13 eyes) had EDCR without stent. The patients were evaluated in terms of symptom relief and neo-ostium patency.
ResultsIn the current study, the success rate was (100%) for both groups, with no failures. Additionally, a stent has been associated with granulation tissue formation and patient discomfort. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups.
ConclusionRoutine nasolacrimal intubation in DCR is unnecessary due to the additional cost and associated complications. Good exposure and marsupialization of the lacrimal sac and regular follow-up are required for a better postoperative outcome and the avoidance of complications.
A SPECTRUM OF Β-THALASSEMIA MUTATIONS IN SULAIMANI PROVINCE OF IRAQ: IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL MUTATIONS
Authors: Ahmad Narmeen , Karim Hersh , Rasool Luqman , Ali Khanzad , Mahmood Mohammed , Osman Tara , Hamakhan Chawan 
Published: January 2024

Backgroundβ-thalassemia is a most common hereditary disease where the patients suffer from decreased or absence of beta-globin chain synthesis, which leads to hemolytic anaemia and other complications. Very little data about beta-globin mutations in the Kurdish population is available to date.
ObjectiveThis study aimed to provide a more precise picture of the β-thalassemia mutations spectrum and to estimate their frequencies.
MethodsA cohort of 100 β-thalassemia patients was tested to detect mutations in the beta-globin gene’s regions (3 exons and two introns) using molecular techniques (polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing).
ResultsIn this study, a total of 31 beta-thalassemia mutations were identified. The results showed that IVSII-666 C>T and IVSII-16 G>C were predominant over other mutations, with 59% of thalassemic patients having these mutations. Other common mutations found, in order of decreasing frequency, were Cd2 T>C, IVSII-74 T>G, IVS1-110 G>A, IVSI-5 G>C, IVSII-1 G>A, IVSII-81 C>T. The remaining mutations were uncommon and accounted for a few cases. More importantly, five novel beta-thalassemia mutations, namely, IVSII-13G>A, IVSII-14 A>C, IVSII-17 delC, IVSII-68_69 dupG, and Cd2/3 +C, were discovered which have not been previously reported in other populations.
ConclusionThe results obtained in this study can be used as a guide before prenatal diagnosis and during premarital screening of β-thalassemia in the Kurdish population.
RISK FACTORS OF BREAST CANCER AMONG YOUNG WOMEN IN SULAIMANI GOVERNORATE: A HOSPITALBASED CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Saeed Tavan , Rashaan Mezjda , Hamawandi Nizar , Naqshbandi Hawar 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundBreast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women throughout the world. Although uncommon, breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in young women.
ObjectiveTo assess risk factors among young Kurdish women ≤ 40 in Sulaimani governorate.
Materials and MethodsA hospital-based, retrospective case-control study was conducted in two selected Sulaimani Hospitals, Hiwa Cancer Hospital and Breast Diseases Center, from January 1st, 2015, to December 31st, 2021. Eligible cases included those women ≤ 40 years of age, Kurdish nationality, histopathologically confirmed breast cancer, and random selection of a control group with no evidence of breast cancer of matched age. Data on reproductive characteristics were collected through a standardized questionnaire for both cases and controls.
ResultsThe participants’ mean age was 32.23 years (SD ±3.98) and 34.55 years (SD ±5.99) for cases and controls, respectively. The results of multinomial logistic regression revealed that menarche at 12-14 years of age (OR= 2.33, 95% CI:1.41 - 3.86), low level of education (OR primary= 2.16, 95% CI:1.32 - 3.53), living in urban areas (OR= 2.75, 95% CI:1.87 - 4.05), unemployment (OR= 2.73, 95% CI:1.34 - 5.53), nulliparity (OR= 1.76, 95% CI:1.1 - 2.83), physical inactivity (OR nil= 5.03, 95% CI:1.09 - 23.3), and some dietary items as (red meat, chicken meat, fish meat) increased the odds of developing BC.
ConclusionNulliparity, early age at menarche, physical inactivity, and dietary patterns should be given priority during the assessment of breast cancer risk among young Kurdish-Iraqi women.