bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilizing phonetic similarity for cross-source and cross-language toponym matching: a benchmark and prototype
Authors: Sagi Tomer , Zaga Moran , Rusinek Sinai , Fekete Marcell R. , Bjerva Johannes , Hose Katja 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The writings of one ancient civilization often overlap in time and space with others. Many of these sources comprise unstructured text in ancient languages, causing scholars studying these civilizations to be siloed, often relying on sources in specific languages. Most recent efforts to extract structured information from historical scripts into place (toponym) and people databases (prospographies) have followed this pattern, focusing on one civilization and selected sources. The path to creating a common database runs through aligning names or toponyms between sources from disparate languages utilizing different scripts. Existing multi-lingual orthographic (string-based) comparison often relies on transliteration to a common script (Latin/English). Transliteration often creates multiple options and even more confusion. However, when integrating sources that overlap in space and time, the languages often share a common phonetic background. This commonality may prove beneficial. In this work, we present a benchmark for comparing toponyms from two linguistically and culturally related languages, namely Hebrew and Arabic. We provide a benchmark comprised of a set of dataset pairs created from historical sources written in Medieval variants of these languages, later historical Gazetteers and a modern dataset curated from Wikidata. We empirically evaluate several toponym comparison approaches over the benchmark: transliteration to a common script, direct transliteration, and phonetic comparison using a common phonetic representation. We discuss the results and the limitations of the various methods and outline future work.
What comes first? The chicken–egg relationship between integrated thinking and reporting
Authors: Malafronte Irma , Pereira John 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study provides new empirical evidence on the relationship between integrated thinking (IT) and integrated reporting (IR). It contributes to the chicken–egg debate between IT and IR by answering the question ‘what comes first?’ and examines the determinants of IT and IR for a sample of European listed companies. The findings from both the empirical analysis and interviews with IR preparers show that IT leads to IR, and vice versa, thus creating a virtuous circle where the decision to publish an integrated report favours an inclusive decision-making process, as well as embracing the IT journey favours the adoption of IR. These results could drive companies’ internal choices and policymakers’ initiatives aimed at progressing an integrated organisational culture by identifying the differential drivers of IR and IT and suggest that companies’ journey towards integration can start either from the integrated report (IR develops IT) or from developing an IT culture that creates a fertile background for IR (IT leads to IR).
The carbon footprint associated with air transport in three Mexican tourist destinations
Authors: Jiménez-Islas Donaji , del Río-Rama María de la Cruz , Pérez-Romero Miriam E. , Flores-Romero Martha Beatriz 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Tourism in Mexico contributes to GDP and employment, but has environmental costs in terms of carbon emissions from air transport. The estimation of the carbon footprint of tourists arriving by air is crucial to raise awareness among decision makers in order to establish future tourism policies that reduce environmental degradation. This study estimates the carbon footprint generated by flights from three major Mexican tourist destinations—Cancún, Los Cabos, and Puerto Vallarta—during the years 2022 and 2023. To carry out this research, official databases were used to determine the number of flights and the number of passengers visiting these places. Additionally, tools such as the ICAO carbon emissions calculator were employed to ensure accuracy in estimating emissions, considering factors such as flight distance, aircraft type, and passenger load. Subsequently, carbon footprint calculators specific to air transportation were used, considering factors such as flight distance and type of aircraft, in order to estimate the corresponding carbon emissions. The findings highlight the urgent need to implement sustainable policies, such as regulatory measures and the promotion of sustainable aviation fuels, to mitigate carbon emissions. The trend of carbon emissions indicates the need to implement sustainable policies in the tourism sector, including strategies to mitigate carbon emissions, promote responsible tourism and contribute to the fulfillment of the SDG. This study not only provides a quantitative view of the carbon footprint generated by tourism in selected destinations, but also highlights the importance of addressing the environmental challenges associated with the growth of tourism in Mexico.
The influence of nanosized zero-valent iron (nZVI) on the micropropagation, antioxidant activity, and phenolic compound content of cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus L.)
Authors: Kılıç Gül Çiçek , Şeker Mine Gül , Gutul Tatiana , Süzerer Veysel , Dursun İnan , Çiftçi Yelda Özden 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVIs) are reducing agents commonly used to purify pollutants in groundwater. However, recent reports have indicated that it also promotes plant growth and development. This study therefore investigated the effects of varying concentrations (12.5, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg L-1) of nZVI on the micropropagation, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activity of cherry laurel plants in in vitro tissue culture. The removal of the testa of the seed and the half-cut of the cotyledon were essential for successful germination. Following germination, the optimum 6-benzyladenine (BA) concentration for micropropagation was determined to be 1 mg L-1. Although the highest percentage of shoot tip proliferation (85.15%) was obtained with the inclusion of 75 mg L-1 nZVI in the culture medium, the maximum SFC index value (1.66), together with the highest contents of phenolics and flavonoids were obtained by adding 25 mg L-1 nZVI. This concentration also provided the best values for antioxidant activity. In addition, the maximum amount of chlorogenic acid (39.58 mg analyte g-1 extract), the main phenolic compound in cherry laurel, was also recorded with this concentration. The results revealed that the elevation of the concentration of nZVI in the culture medium led to a reduction in the positive effects on the growth, antioxidant activity and phenolic content of the plants. The optimum nZVI concentration was therefore determined to be 25 mg L-1. The present study has shown that nZVI has the potential to provide encouraging and alternative benefits in in vitro plant tissue culture.
Addressing the Neck in Facial Gender Affirmation Surgery
Authors: Bigelow Elaine O. , Seth Rahul , Park Andrea M. , Knott P. Daniel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Facial gender affirmation surgery has become well established with many centers and surgeons offering comprehensive care. Feminization of the neck however, is somewhat nascent. Understanding of the gender dimorphic differences, strategies to improve contour and neck size, as well as maneuvers to rejuvenate and tighten the neck will all receive focus in this review.

Recent Findings
Transoral chondrolaryngoplasty performed with either endoscopic or open exposure enables some patients to avoid potential misgendering caused by the traditional transcervical approach. Face/neck lifting improves the appearance of femininity by both smoothing contours as well as by making the neck look more youthful. Nonsurgical approaches offer the potential to improve skin thickness, hair density, and muscle mass. Selective sternocleidomastoid muscle denervation offers the potential for myoreduction, thereby reducing neck circumference.

Summary
Many modifications of traditional surgical approaches have recently emerged, which offer the potential to feminize the neck with minimal or absent scarring.
Quality and sources of food and water consumed by people with chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology in Sri Lanka: a systematic review
Authors: Uthayarajan Nivedha , Jayawardene K. L. T. D. , Weerasekara Ishanka 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Prevalence data indicates that chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects approximately 15% of people worldwide, and chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) is highly prevalent in Sri Lanka. Food and water contamination are factors that were suggested as associated with CKDu. This systematic review aimed to summarize evidence on the patterns in quality and sources of food and water consumed by people with CKDu in Sri Lanka.

Methods
MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and SLJOL databases were searched from inception to August 2024 for studies investigating the quality and sources of food and water consumed by the people with CKDu in Sri Lanka. Studies assessing children below 18 years, pregnant women and dialysis patients were excluded. Studies not specifically investigating CKDu were likewise excluded from the review. Two independent reviewers completed the screening, and the conflicts were resolved by consensus. Extracted data were presented as a narrative summary.

Results
Of 1067 studies, 57 were eligible for the final analysis. Commonly investigated food sources were contaminated with heavy metals, while water sources were contaminated with heavy metals, toxic anions and cations, agrochemicals, fertilizers, herbicides, glyphosate, and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA).

Conclusion
Nephrotoxic heavy metals and fluoride contamination alter the quality of food and water, and pose high risks with regard to the kidney function of the people in Sri Lanka. Appropriate strategies to reduce the contamination of heavy metals, agrochemicals, and major ions that afftect the quality of water and food, should be implemented to lower the burden of CKDu in Sri Lanka.

Graphical abstract
Taxonomic and functional diversity of North American vegetation during the last interglacial–glacial cycle
Authors: Terlizzi Timothy , Minckley Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We synthesized pre-last glacial maximum pollen records to reconstruct North American pollen diversity since ca. 130 ka. Using taxonomic diversity (a measure of the number and abundance of taxa) and functional diversity (a measure of the number and abundance of different phenotypes) we identified temporal and spatial diversity trends for six North American bioregions: Arctic, Intermountain West, Mexico, Pacific Northwest, Southeast, and Yucatán. Reconstructed taxonomic temporal and spatial trends vary among bioregions, with regional diversity patterns captured in the functional metric, suggesting shifts in species composition coincide with shifts in ecosystem function. However, significant shifts in taxonomic pollen diversity differed in frequency, magnitude, and timing from their functional counterparts. Variations in both regional taxonomic and functional diversity response to global and regional temperature trends were evident, suggesting temperature alone does not fully explain changes in species composition. Regional richness estimates exhibited higher stability relative to the weighted diversity estimates indicating low levels of species turnover through Late Quaternary warming–cooling phases. Shifts in regional diversity did not predictably respond to stadial and interstadial transitions. Instead, North American patterns of plant diversity over the last ca. 130 ka differ geographically, likely responding to regional rather than global climate change.
Adaptive optimization for virtual model control of quadruped robots based on BP neural network
Authors: Liu Jianwen , Xu Xiaojun , Wang Wenhao , Tang Yuanjiang , Lu Shengyang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The virtual model control (VMC) method establishes a direct correlation model between the end-effector and the main body by selecting appropriate virtual mechanical components. This approach facilitates direct force control while circumventing the necessity for complex dynamic modeling. However, the simplification inherent in this modeling can result in inaccuracies in the calculation of joint driving torques, ultimately diminishing control precision. Moreover, VMC typically depends on predefined models for control, which constrains its adaptability in dynamically complex environments and under varying movement conditions. To address these limitations, this paper proposes the BP-VMC method, which is based on a backpropagation neural network (BPNN). Initially, a quadruped robot model was established through kinematic analysis. Subsequently, a decomposed VMC model was developed, and BPNN was introduced to facilitate the adaptive tuning of virtual parameters. This approach resulted in the creation of a virtual mechanical component model with adaptive capabilities, compensating for errors arising from simplified modeling. Finally, a simulation control system was constructed based on the BP-VMC control framework to validate the optimization of control performance. Simulation experiments demonstrated that, in comparison to traditional VMC methods, the BP-VMC method exhibits enhanced control accuracy and stability, achieving a 30% reduction in trajectory tracking error, a 40% reduction in velocity tracking error, and a 20–30% improvement in instability indices across various working conditions. This evidence underscores the BP-VMC method’s robust adaptability in dynamic environments.
Kabuki patients with CHDs: outcomes after cardiac surgery
Authors: Lam Regina W. , Haro Victoria , Tabbutt Sarah , Kinami Hiroo , Reddy V. Mohan , Kim Minso 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective:
This study aims to examine the surgical outcome of Kabuki syndrome patients after neonatal congenital heart surgery.

Methods:
This was a single-centre retrospective study of Kabuki syndrome patients undergoing neonatal congenital heart surgery from 2018 to 2023. Primary outcome was survival to discharge after index surgery. Secondary outcomes were morbidities and complications. Survival and hospital length of stay were compared to neonates with non-Kabuki genetic anomalies undergoing congenital heart surgery in the same time period.

Results:
A total of seven patients were reviewed. All Kabuki syndrome patients had left-sided lesions including three with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, three with aortic stenosis and/or aortic arch hypoplasia, and one with an isolated coarctation of aorta. Hospital survival was 5/7 (71% compared to 88% for neonates with non-Kabuki genetic anomalies). To date, four remain alive, including one with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. A higher percentage of Kabuki syndrome patients had unplanned interventions (43% vs 15% in non-Kabuki), abnormal brain imaging (29% vs 5%), and bacteremia (29% vs 9%). Median total ventilator days for Kabuki patients were also longer (16 days vs 6 days in non-Kabuki) as was hospital length of stay (66 days vs 41 days).

Conclusions:
Despite survival to discharge after index operation, Kabuki syndrome patients with single ventricle physiology remain at high risk of mortality and morbidity after cardiac surgery. However, they may be discharged without ventilator dependency and survive to toddler years.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor use in patients with a Fontan circulation
Authors: Gaydos Stephanie S. , McHugh Kimberly E. , Woodard Frances K. , Judd Rochelle N. , Brenzel Thomas J. , Henderson Heather T. , Savage Andrew J. , Atz Andrew M. , Gregg David 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors reduce cardiovascular outcomes in patients with congestive heart failure and a biventricular circulation. Congestive heart failure in Fontan univentricular circulation is distinctly different. Experience with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in this group has not yet been well described.

Objectives:
This work describes safety and tolerability of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with Fontan circulation.

Methods:
Single-centre review of patients with Fontan circulation prescribed a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors for congestive heart failure. Primary outcome was tolerability or need for discontinuation. Secondary outcomes were changes in New York Heart Association class, congestive heart failure hospitalisation, ventricular function, exercise performance, and laboratory values.

Results:
We identified 25 patients with Fontan circulation prescribed an sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, most with a systemic right ventricle. Over a third of subjects had at least moderately reduced baseline ventricular function. Baseline catheterisation showed a mean Fontan pressure of 17.1 ± 3.7 mmHg and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure 11.7 ± 3.2 mmHg at rest; 59% had occult diastolic dysfunction with abnormal pulmonary capillary wedge pressure elevation following volume expansion. Most were on congestive heart failure medications and/or a pulmonary vasodilator prior to sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors addition, and three had a congestive heart failure hospitalisation within the previous year. All reported good medication tolerance except one patient was nonadherent to medications and two discontinued sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors for perceived side effects. There were no significant differences in secondary outcomes. There was, however, a downward trend of serum brain natriuretic peptide (n = 13) and improved peak VO2 (n = 6), though neither statistically significant (p > 0.05).

Conclusion:
This series, the largest published to date, suggests that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors are safe and tolerable congestive heart failure therapy in Fontan circulation. Further research is warranted to explore therapy in this unique population.
Twinning and Blood Groups — II. Distribution of ABO, MN and Rh-Hr Phenotypes in a Twin Sample
Authors: Milani-Comparetti M. , Pace D.P. , Brenci G. , Damiani S. , Gedda L. 
Published: February 2025

The distribution of ABO, MN and Rh-Hr phenotypes has been examined in a sample of 688 twin pairs, with particular emphasis on the ABO distribution. It appears that MZ and DZ pairs exhibit opposing deviations from the expected distribution; such deviations tend to cancel out each other in the total sample, thus masking the phenomenon.The results are briefly discussed, calling for an extension of the study to the twins' families, while forthcoming papers will present further analyses.
How Stress Biaxiality Controls Crack Morphology and Apparent Fracture Energy of Dikes and Sills
Authors: Guggisberg Antoine , Lebihain Mathias , Moore Jo , Violay Marie 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe emplacement of dikes and sills plays a crucial role in crustal mechanics. The parameter used to describe their resistance to propagation, fracture energy, remains controversial. Here, we show how different stress biaxiality levels experienced by dikes can directly affect the micromechanisms of crack propagation in rocks, consequently impacting fracture energy. We performed controlled tensile crack propagation experiments under opposite stress biaxialities. We connect fracture energy variations monitored through a compliance‐based method to crack microstructures observed on post‐mortem specimens. Microscopy techniques showed that biaxial tension generates intricate microstructures driven by topological instabilities, such as deflections and branches, to circumnavigate tougher grains. This yields a higher fracture energy, that we attribute to front roughening and bridging mechanisms due to front fragmentation. Bridging toughening is gradual and increase with crack size. This hints at the existence of a scale dependency of fracture energy of dikes also experiencing biaxial tension.
Aerosol Decline Accelerates the Increasing Extreme Precipitation in China
Authors: Zou Aili , Yang Yang , Wang Hailong , Wang Pinya , Liao Hong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractExtreme precipitation is becoming more intense and frequent. The increasing trends in extreme precipitation in China in warm season related to changes in aerosols and greenhouse gases (GHGs) are investigated using observations, reanalysis data and model simulations. A significant accelerating increase in extreme precipitation occurred around 2010, with the trend in accumulated extreme rainfall amount (R95pTOT) increasing from 2.88 mm per decade during 2000–2010 to 22.88 mm per decade during 2010–2023. The sudden acceleration of the increasing extreme precipitation is largely attributed to the reverse in aerosol trends associated with China’s clean air actions, which affects extreme precipitation through perturbing cloud microphysics and atmospheric dynamics, accounting for half of the change in R95pTOT trends. Future aerosol reduction to achieve carbon neutrality is shown to continue to intensify the extreme precipitation, which overweighs the effect induced by GHGs, highlighting the importance of aerosol changes in modulating future climate and weather extremes.
A Decline in the Vertical Transport of Particulate Organic Carbon in the Global Open Ocean
Authors: Tian Detong , Li Xuegang , Song Jinming , Zhong Guorong , Ma Jun , Wang Yanjun , Yuan Huamao , Duan Liqin , Wang Qidong , Xing Jianwei , Qu Baoxiao , Dai Jiajia 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn recent years, as the ocean absorbs increasing amounts of atmospheric CO2, ocean acidification has intensified. Simultaneously, global warming and enhanced ocean stratification have led to the continuous expansion of the oceanic oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). Under the combined effects of these processes, a key question arises: How will the transport of particulate organic carbon (POC) to the deep ocean (>1,000 m) be affected? Analysis of POC flux data from 547 stations, collected via global sediment traps since the 1980s, reveals that POC flux has increased only in the shallow ocean (<300 m) but has significantly decreased in the deep ocean. These findings suggest that the expansion of the OMZ has not led to more carbon being transported to the deep ocean. Instead, more POC is being retained in the mid‐upper ocean (<1,000 m), where its degradation results in significant consumption of dissolved oxygen, contributing to the expansion of the OMZ.