bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital media exposure and cognitive functioning in European children and adolescents of the I.Family study
Authors: Sina Elida , Buck Christoph , Ahrens Wolfgang , Coumans Juul M. J. , Eiben Gabriele , Formisano Annarita , Lissner Lauren , Mazur Artur , Michels Nathalie , Molnar Dénes , Moreno Luis A. , Pala Valeria , Pohlabeln Hermann , Reisch Lucia , Tornaritis Michael , Veidebaum Toomas , Hebestreit Antje ,   I. Family consortium
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe digital environment can pose health risks through exposure to unhealthy content. Yet, little is known about its relation to children’s cognitive functioning. This study investigates the association between digital media (DM) exposure and children’s cognitive functioning. This cross-sectional study is based on examinations of children aged 8–18 years (N = 8673) of the I.Family cohort (2013–2014). Exposure to television, computer, smartphone and internet was self-reported (hours/day). Media multitasking (MMT) was defined as simultaneous use of computers with other digital or non-screen-based activities. Standard instruments were used to assess cognitive inflexibility (score: 0–39), decision-making ability (− 100 to + 100) and impulsivity (12–48). Adjusted regression coefficients and 99.9%CIs were calculated by generalized linear mixed-effects models. In total, 3261 participants provided data for impulsivity, 3441 for cognitive inflexibility and 4046 for decision-making. Exposure to smartphones and media multitasking were positively associated with impulsivity (βsmartphone = 0.74; 99.9%CI = 0.42–1.07; βMMT = 0.73; 99.9%CI = 0.35–1.12) and cognitive inflexibility (βsmartphone = 0.32; 99.9%CI = -0.02–0.66; βMMT = 0.39; 99.9%CI = 0.01–0.77) while being inversely associated with decision-making ability. Extensive smartphone/internet exposure combined with low computer/medium TV exposure was associated with higher impulsivity and cognitive inflexibility scores, especially in girls. DM exposure is adversely associated with cognitive functioning in children and adolescents. Children require protection against the likely adverse impact of digital environment.
Transcriptomic analyses reveal proinflammatory activation of human brain microvascular endothelial cells by aging-associated peptide medin and reversal by nanoliposomes
Authors: Zhang Yining , Karamanova Nina , Morrow Kaleb T. , Madine Jillian , Truran Seth , Lozoya Maria , Weissig Volkmar , Li Ming , Nikkhah Mehdi , Park Jin G. , Migrino Raymond Q. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMedin is a common vascular amyloidogenic peptide recently implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia and its pathology remains unknown. We aim to identify changes in transcriptomic profiles and pathways in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs) exposed to medin, compare that to exposure to β-amyloid (Aβ) and evaluate protection by monosialoganglioside-containing nanoliposomes (NL). HBMVECs were exposed for 20 h to medin (5 µM) without or with Aβ(1-42) (2 µM) or NL (300 µg/mL), and RNA-seq with signaling pathway analyses were performed. Separately, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of select identified genes was done in HBMVECs treated with medin (5 µM) without or with NFκB inhibitor RO106-9920 (10 µM) or NL (300 µg/mL). Medin caused upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes that was not aggravated by Aβ42 co-treatment but reversed by NL. Pathway analysis on differentially expressed genes revealed multiple pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, such as the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and the nuclear factor-κB (NFkB) signaling pathways, were affected specifically by medin treatment. RO106-9920 and NL reduced medin-induced pro-inflammatory activation. Medin induced endothelial cell pro-inflammatory signaling in part via NFκB that was reversed by NL. This could have potential implications in the pathogenesis and treatment of vascular aging, AD and vascular dementia.
The influence of nano filter elements on pressure drop and pollutant elimination efficiency in town border stations
Authors: Heris Saeed Zeinali , Ebadiyan Hamed , Mousavi Seyed Borhan , Nami Shamin Hosseini , Mohammadpourfard Mousa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNatural gas stands as the most ecologically sustainable fossil fuel, constituting nearly 25% of worldwide primary energy utilization and experiencing rapid expansion. This article offers an extensive comparative analysis of nano filter elements, focusing on pressure drop and pollutant removal efficiency. The primary goal was to assess the superior performance of nano filter elements and their suitability as an alternative for Town Border Station (TBS). The research encompassed a six-month examination period, involving routine pressure assessments, structural examinations, and particle characterization of the filter elements. The results revealed that nano filters showed better performance in adsorbing aluminum than conventional filters, possibly due to their cartridge composition. Nano filters contained phosphorus, sulfur, and copper, while conventional filters lacked these elements. The disparity can be attributed to the finer mesh of the nano filter, capturing smaller pollutants. Although the nano filter had minimal silicon, the conventional filter showed some, posing concerns. Despite having 19 extra pleats, the nano filter maintained gas flow pressure while capturing more particles than the conventional filter.
Research on the mathematical model and design of a three loop controller for the oscillating scanning system of a laser line scanning galvanometer
Authors: Du Xiaoyan , Li Jianying , Zhao Wenjie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe scanning vibration mirror system drives the scanning mirror fixed to it through the oscillation of the motor shaft, so as to control the reflected light to form a dynamic variable light path. The vibration mirror scanning system has higher controllability than the fixed optical path system and has been widely used.In this dissertation, after establishing the models of the core components of the scanning vibration mirror system, the mathematical model of the whole system is established.On this basis, simulation and theoretical analysis show that the system has some shortcomings, such as small bandwidth, low dynamic tracking accuracy, and the comprehensive dynamic performance of the system is easily affected by the input of external interference branches. A series correction controller and three closed-loop controller are designed for the above problems, respectively, and the control effects of the two controllers on the scanning vibration mirror system are studied through simulation experiments. By comparing the output response results of the system under the action of sinusoidal signals of different frequencies, it can be seen that the comprehensive effect of the three closed-loop controllers is better. Under the action of step signals, the overshoot of the three closed-loop correction controller correction system is 21.5% higher than that of the series controller correction system, the adjustment time is 82.7% less, and the steady-state error is significantly smaller. Therefore, it indicates that the three closed-loop correction system has good rapidity and steady-state accuracy.
Causal effect of gut microbiota on DNA methylation phenotypic age acceleration: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Huang Yedong , Chen Xiaoyun , Ye Jingwen , Yi Huan , Zheng Xiangqin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe causal relationship between gut microbiota and DNA methylation phenotypic age acceleration remains unclear. This study aims to examine the causal effect of gut microbiota on the acceleration of DNA methylation phenotypic age using Mendelian randomization. A total of 212 gut microbiota were included in this study, and their 16S rRNA sequencing data were obtained from the Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS) database. The GWAS data corresponding to DNA methylation phenotypic age acceleration were selected as the outcome variable. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) was conducted using R software. During the analysis process, careful consideration was given to address potential biases arising from linkage disequilibrium and weak instrumental variables. The results from inverse-variance weighting (IVW) analysis revealed significant associations (P < 0.05) between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) corresponding to 16 gut microbiota species and DNA methylation phenotypic age acceleration. Out of the total, 12 gut microbiota species exhibited consistent and robust causal effects. Among them, 7 displayed a significant positive correlation with the outcome while 5 species showed a significant negative correlation with the outcome. This study utilized Mendelian randomization to unravel the intricate causal effects of various gut microbiota species on DNA methylation phenotypic age acceleration.
To what extent can the ozone valley over the Tibetan Plateau influence the East Asian summer precipitation?
Authors: Zhu Lingaona , Wu Zhiwei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe ozone valley over the Tibetan Plateau (OVTP) has experienced significant interannual variations during the past decades. Previous studies have primarily focused on the origins of OVTP rather than its climate impact. This study reveals that OVTP during its peak season (May–July) explains up to 15% of the summer precipitation variability in East Asia. The results suggest that the surface temperature (Ts) anomaly over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) acts as a link between OVTP and East Asian precipitation. Through the positive land-atmosphere feedback, the Ts anomaly over the TP is amplified. The anomalous Ts pattern persists into summer (June–August) due to the land memory effect and impacts the East Asian precipitation by modulating the local circulation. The Specified-Chemistry version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model is employed to validate that MJJ OVTP results in a substantial increase of Ts over TP and induces an anomalous anti-cyclone centered over the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin during summer. Consequently, negative precipitation anomalies are observed in the Yangtze River Basin, while positive precipitation anomalies occur in Southern China. The linear baroclinic model further demonstrates that the diabatic heating over the TP serves as the link between MJJ OVTP and East Asian summer precipitation patterns. Our analysis of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 models reveals that a more accurate prediction of East Asian precipitation requires an improved understanding of the relationship between OVTP and TP Ts.
Convection-permitting simulations reveal expanded rainfall extremes of tropical cyclones affecting South Korea due to anthropogenic warming
Authors: Lee Minkyu , Min Seung-Ki , Cha Dong-Hyun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how global warming affects tropical cyclone (TC) intensity and precipitation for target regions is essential to preparing for associated damages but detailed processes remain uncertain. This study provides the first quantification of anthropogenic influences on TC characteristics affecting South Korea using convection-permitting model (CPM) simulations (3 km resolution). For the observed four recent TCs that strongly affected South Korea, CPM simulations were performed under current (ALL) and counterfactual conditions without human influences (NAT). The observed sea surface temperature and lateral boundary conditions were used for ALL while changes attributable to human influences (estimated using CMIP6 multimodel simulations) were removed from observed boundary conditions for NAT runs. ALL experiments captured the observed TC intensity and precipitation reasonably. After removing human influences, TC intensity and precipitation were reduced in NAT experiments. Importantly, areas with extreme precipitation (i.e., having precipitation larger than 150 mm) were found to expand by 16–37% in ALL compared to NAT, which was induced by an enhanced upward motion near the TC core and an increase of background water vapor in line with warming. Further, the role of increased moisture was found to become important as TC moves to mid-latitudes. This study provides valuable insights into how greenhouse warming can intensify TC-induced extreme precipitation over East Asia.
Steady global surface warming from 1973 to 2022 but increased warming rate after 1990
Authors: Samset B. H. , Zhou C. , Fuglestvedt J. S. , Lund M. T. , Marotzke J. , Zelinka M. D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe change in global mean surface temperature is a crucial and broadly used indicator of the evolution of climate change. Any decadal scale changes in warming rate are however obfuscated by internal variability. Here we show that the surface temperature increase through the recent La Nina influenced years (2022) is consistent with the 50-year trend of 0.18 °C/decade. We use an Earth System Model based tool to filter out modulations to the warming rate by sea-surface temperature patterns and find consistent warming rates in four major global temperature data series. However, we also find clear indications, in all observational series, of a step-up in warming rate since around 1990. CMIP6 models generally do not capture this observed combination of long-term warming rate and recent increase.
Homeopathic Medicines in the Management of Dermatophytosis (Tinea Infections): A Clinico-epidemiological Study with Pre–post Comparison Design
Authors: Dixit Ashish Kumar , Javed Danish , Srivastava Amit , Bala Renu , Giri Nibha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background Dermatophytosis is a common fungal infection of the skin and nails. Insufficient data exist regarding the clinico-epidemiological profile of dermatophytosis and the usefulness of individualized homeopathic medicines (IHMs) for patients visiting a homeopathy outpatient department (OPD).
Objectives This article undertakes a clinico-epidemiological profiling of dermatophytosis and the usefulness of IHMs in its management.
Methods This open-label, pre–post, comparative observational study was conducted in a homeopathy OPD from November 2018 to February 2020. IHMs were prescribed based on symptom totality and repertorization. A numeric rating scale (NRS) and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) patient questionnaires were used, and results were analyzed using SPSS-IBM version 20.
Results Data from a total of 103 patients, mean age 29.65 ± 15.40 years, were analyzed. Tinea cruris was the most common infection (29.1%), followed by tinea corporis (13.6%). After 3 months of treatment, significant reductions in NRS and DLQI scores were observed (8.51 ± 1.24 to 0.59 ± 0.83, p < 0.001, and 16.28 ± 5.30 to 1.44 ± 1.56, p < 0.001, respectively), with Sepia (15.5%), Sulphur (14.6%), Calcarea carbonica (11.7%), Natrum muriaticum (9.7%) and Bacillinum (8.7%) being the most frequently prescribed medicines. There was no significant correlation between occupation, sex, home location or marital status and the clinical types of dermatophytosis. No adverse events were reported.
Conclusion T. cruris and T. corporis were prevalent dermatophytic infections. The decrease in NRS and DLQI scores associated with homeopathy indicates its usefulness as an integrative treatment option for dermatophytosis. Further research in larger and more diverse population samples is needed.
Rod Migration into the Posterior Cranial Fossa after C1–C2–C3–C4 Screw Fixation: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Basankin Igor Vadimovich , Porkhanov Vladimir Alekseevich , Giulzatyan Abram Akopovich , Nesterenko Pavel Borisovich , Khurshudyan Eduard Romanovich , Tomina Marina Igorevna , Gritsaev Ivan Evgenievich , Takhmazyan Karapet Karapetovich , Malakhov Sergey Borisovich 
Published: November 2023

AbstractScrew loosening, avulsion, fracture, and rod migration are mechanical complications associated with dorsal fixation of the cervical spine. These usually occur in the late postoperative period and range from 2 to 5%. In this article, we describe a rare case of rod migration into the posterior cranial fossa 4 years after C1–C2–C3–C4 screw fixation in a patient with traumatic fracture of the C2 and C3 vertebrae.
Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Feasibility of Online Survey for Postshunt Hydrocephalus Follow-Up
Authors: Dutta Hemonta Kr. , Baruah Mauchumi , Dutta Mridusmita 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective Children with hydrocephalus need regular monitoring following shunt surgery. A parent-completed assessment tool was used successfully in follow-up of postshunt hydrocephalus children in the recent pandemic.
Methods The Ages & and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) was sent via WhatsApp to parents of 40 postventriculoperitoneal (post-VP) shunt hydrocephalus children (7–57 months). Assessment was done by the parents/guardians in five domains over a period of 3 months. The completed questionnaires were analyzed and children with below the cutoff scores were called to the hospital for further evaluations and intervention if necessary.
Result Questionnaires of 25 children were found completed and analyzed. There were 16 males and 18 children had aqueductal stenosis and 11 had meningomyelocele. Eighteen children with failed/borderline (11/7) ASQ scores were called for further evaluation and in all but one the scores obtained by the parents and clinical psychologists were found comparable. Two children needed hospital admissions for shunt revision and adjustment of anticonvulsant medicines.
Conclusion The ASQ could be a useful tool, as parents can conduct the test at home and attend clinics in case of failed or borderline scores for further developmental assessment and/or intervention. This can be used as a routine monitoring tool in other clinical situations as well.
Schwannoma-like Breast Metastasis in the Meckel Cave: Case Report
Authors: Gibbon Frederico de Lima , Vial Antônio Delacy Martini , Gago Guilherme , Magalhães Matheus Prado , Ferreira Marcelo Paglioli 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTumors of the Meckel cave are very rare lesions, especially if they are malignant. We report the case of a patient who presented with a breast metastasis in the Meckel cave and a clinical presentation similar to that of a fifth nerve schwannoma.
Alcohol Consumption and Helmet Use in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury due to Motorcycle Accident
Authors: Gonçalves Vitor de Deus da Rocha Ribeiro , Cavalcante Carlos Eduardo Cordeiro , Maia Ana Luiza Ribeiro Barroso , Sousa Raimundo Nonato Campos , Cardoso Arquimedes Cavalcante , Almeida Kelson James Silva de 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlcohol consumption is an important risk factor for traumatic brain injury (TBI), and it has a great impact on its incidence and severity. However, studies suggest potential beneficial effects of alcohol during hospitalization and in the prognosis of moderate or severe TBI, with conflicting results. The objective of the present study was to associate alcohol consumption and helmet use in TBI patients, as well as the prognostic variables and patterns of injuries secondary to TBI. We analyzed 109 medical records of patients who suffered TBI due to a motorcycle accident. We evaluated data on alcohol consumption, helmet use, TBI severity, and tomographic findings on admission. The subjects with moderate or severe TBI were evaluated regarding hospitalization, mortality and prognosis variables. Patients who wore a helmet at the time of trauma had lower rates of skull fracture and extradural hematoma (EDH), but an increased incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Furthermore, patients with moderate or severe TBI who were those under alcohol intoxication had a greater need for Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission and a tendency to have a lower in-hospital mortality rate and a higher score on the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS). Thus, although the consumption of alcohol has an impact on the incidence and severity of TBI at admission, it seems to be related to a lower in-hospital mortality rate and a better prognosis. In addition, helmet use is essential to prevent injuries from direct head-to-shield impact, but no similar reduction in the incidence of injuries caused by indirect forces was observed.
Neonatal and Maternal Outcomes of Pregnancies following Stillbirth
Authors: Brakewood Eleanor S. , Stoever Kara , Has Phinnara , Ayala Nina K. , Danilack-Fekete Valery A. , Savitz David , Lewkowitz Adam K. 
Published: November 2023

Objective Prior stillbirth increases risk of subsequent stillbirth but has unclear effect on subsequent liveborn pregnancies. We examined associations between prior stillbirth, adverse neonatal outcomes, and maternal morbidity in subsequent liveborn pregnancies.
Study Design This is a secondary analysis of a large, National Institutes of Health-funded retrospective cohort study of parturients who delivered a singleton infant at a tertiary-care hospital from January 2002 to March 2013 and had a past medical/obstetric history of diabetic, and/or hypertensive disorders, and/or pregnancy with fetal growth restriction. Our analysis included all multiparous patients from the parent study. The primary outcome was a neonatal morbidity composite (neonatal resuscitation, neonatal birth injury, respiratory distress syndrome, transient tachypnea of the newborn, hypoglycemia, sepsis). Secondary outcomes included a maternal morbidity composite (venous thromboembolism, intensive care unit admission, disseminated intravascular coagulation, sepsis, hysterectomy, pulmonary edema, renal failure, blood transfusion), other maternal/delivery complications, and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. Outcomes were compared between those with versus without prior stillbirth. Negative binomial regression controlled for maternal comorbidities and delivery year.
Results Among 171 and 5,245 multiparous parturients with versus without prior stillbirth, respectively, those with prior stillbirth had higher rates of pregestational diabetes, autoimmune disease, and clotting disorders. After controlling for these differences and delivery year, infants of parturients with prior stillbirth had similar risk of composite neonatal morbidity (adjusted relative ratio [aRR] 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.99–1.45) but higher risk of NICU admission (aRR 1.42; 95% CI 1.06–1.91) compared with infants of parturients without prior stillbirth, despite delivering at similar gestational ages. Multiparous patients with prior stillbirth had equal maternal morbidity risk but higher risk of developing preeclampsia with severe features (aRR 2.11; 95% CI 1.19–3.72).
Conclusion Compared with high-risk multiparous patients without prior stillbirth, those with prior stillbirth have higher risk of NICU admission and preeclampsia with severe features.
Key Points
Photonic THz mixers based on iron-doped InGaAs embedded in a plasmonic microcavity
Authors: Tannoury Charbel , Merupo Victor , Di Gioia Giuseppe , Avramovic Vanessa , Troadec David , Lampin Jean-François , Ducournau Guillaume , Breuer Steffen , Globisch Björn , Barbieri Stefano , Kohlhaas Robert B. , Peytavit Emilien 
Published: November 2023

We present an optoelectronic mixer for the terahertz (THz) frequency-domain based on an iron-doped InGaAs layer integrated in a plasmonic microcavity. We show that this structure, under 1550-nm-wavelength illumination, allows for more than 70% absorption efficiency in a 220 nm-thin InGaAs absorber and very high Roff/Ron &gt;1000. It leads to THz mixers driven by 1550-nm lasers showing conversion loss as low as ∼30 dB at 300 GHz. Therefore, this design is very promising for application as receivers in high-data-rate wireless telecom, in cw-THz spectrometers, or in photonics-enabled THz spectrum analyzers.