bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Chrysopogon zizanioides Essential Oil: A Comprehensive Study on Its Chemical Composition, Thermal Analysis, and Biological Activities
Authors: Jha Vikas , Marick Arpita , Bhargava Agraj , Thakur Kabir , Jhangiani Ashish , Jagtap Leena , Parulekar Omkar , Joshi Hricha , Pingale Devyani , Chidrala Sakshi 
Published: February 2024

Natural bioactive compounds sourced from plants and plant parts have become integral to drug discovery as natural products. The overreliance on synthetic drugs has adversely affected human health. This study focuses on the essential oil from Chrysopogon zizanioides, commonly known as "Vetiver" to explore its medicinal value. The oil underwent various analytical and biological assessments. Extraction involved hydro-distillation of the roots, and GC-MS analysis unveiled its composition. FAME analysis provided insights into fatty acid composition. Infrared spectroscopy identified different functional groups. Thermal stability was gauged using TG-DTA and DSC methods. The essential oil's antibacterial potency was tested against bacterial strains. Antimalarial and antituberculosis potential were evaluated against Plasmodium falciparum and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, respectively. Vetiver essential oil's ability to counter free radicals was determined via the DPPH reagent. Its impact on biofilm produced by 5 cultures was studied. The essential oil's effects on cancerous (HeLa) and normal (CHO) cell lines were assessed using the MTT assay. In conclusion, Chrysopogon zizanioides essential oil exhibits considerable potential with diverse activities. It could serve as a non-toxic alternative for infection prevention and find utility in the food industry
Keyword: Chrysopogon zizanioides, Essential oil, Thermal Characterization, GCMS, Antimicrobial, Biofilm.
Recurrence of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and Associated Risk Factors: A 3-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Oham Maryann Kanayo , Abonyi Michael Chinweuba , Ugwu Theophilus Ejiofor , Ezeude Chidiebele Malachy , Okechukwu Uzoma Chukwunonso , Ekochin Fintan Chinweike , Maluze John Aniebo , Ugwuaku Obiageli , Ahanonu Ifeoma Mercy , Ugwu Nkemdilim Justina , Okorie Nnenna Nkemjika 
Published: February 2024

The burden of diabetes foot ulcer is immense, resulting to prolonged hospital stay and high cost of care. The aim of this study is to identify the predictors of ulcer recurrence which will help mitigate this disabling, pocket-draining, but highly preventable complication of diabetes mellitus (DM).
Methodology: This was a 3-year retrospective study of patients hospitalised for diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) in Enugu State University Teaching Hospital from March 2020 to February 2023. Information on demographics, relevant diabetes history and complications, characteristics of DFU, outcome, DFU recurrence were obtained.
Results: Most of the patients (82.5%) were between 41 and 70 years of age with a mean age is 57.86 ± 12.45. There were marginally more females (52.6%) than male (47.4%). The subjects were predominantly businessmen/traders (43.9%), and 73.7% had DM duration of 1-5 years. Duration of admission was 8 weeks for 31.6% of the patients, 4 weeks for 26.3%, 3 weeks for 21.1% and 12 weeks for 12.3% of the patients. More of the patients were in Wagner grades 3 (43.9%) and 4 (31.6%). The Prevalence of (diabetic peripheral neuropathy) DPN, peripheral artery disease (PAD) and Retinopathy among the patients were 82.5%, 45.6% and 59.6% respectively. Recurrence of DFU occurred in 35% of the subjects. Occupation and wound site positively correlated with reocurrence in this study. The outcome shows that 59.6% of the patients had good healing, 21.1% had ray amputation while 14% had below knee amputation.
Keywords: Diabetic foot ulcer, recurrence, peripheral neuropathy, peripheral artery disease.
Experimental Animal Models for Influenza/Flu Virus Vaccine Development
Authors: Gupta Ayushi , Satapathy Trilochan , Pradhan Bharti , Sen Kalpana , Sahu Shailesh , Sahu Akhilesh Kumar , Bhardwaj Shiv Kumar , Khan Md. Altaf 
Published: February 2024

Objectives: The objective of this review is to explore the different animal models used in the development of Influenza / Flu Virus Vaccine as well as some important guidelines adhered to it.
Methods: Laboratory animal models are widely used in the preclinical evaluation of potential vaccines and antiviral compounds to investigate the safety and efficacy of the vaccine or compound in preventing or moderating infection, disease, or secondary transmission. Animal models must also represent humans in terms of similarity of clinical signs, histopathological changes, virus growth kinetics, or transmission. Common animal models for influenza virus vaccine testing include mice, ferrets, and non-human primates. These models help researchers assess vaccine efficacy, immune response, and potential side effects before advancing to human trials. Animal models play a crucial role in the development and testing of influenza vaccines, as they help researchers examine potential side effects and adverse reactions, evaluate the efficacy of vaccines, study the immune response elicited by vaccines, understand the pathogenesis of influenza virus infection, and predict the potential impact of emerging strains. They also help test various vaccine platforms and delivery methods, and compare the effectiveness of different vaccine formulations in animals to identify promising candidates for further human trials.
Results: We have discussed in detail the various animal models such as Chick embryo model for the development of influenza virus vaccine and mice, ferrets, guinea pig and non-human primates etc. used for the evaluation of safety and therapeutic effectiveness.
Conclusion: As we have discussed various animal models, their merits, demerits etc. for the evaluation of safety and effectiveness of influenza virus vaccine and expect that these will help for the young researchers to carry out their vaccine research using suitable animal models.
Keywords: influenza virus, vaccine development, mouse models, ferret model, guinea pig model, cotton rat model
Formulation and Evaluation of Pulsatile drug delivery of Albuterol sulphate and Theophylline drugs using modified Pulsincap technology
Authors: Reddy G. Govinda , Jat Rakesh Kumar , Manjanna K M 
Published: February 2024

Albuterol Sulphate and Theophylline are used as anti-asthma agents. The objective of the present investigation was to design develop and evaluate a modified pulsincap drug delivery system of Albuterol Sulphate and Theophylline for the treatment of Asthma. The body of capsule was made insoluble with water by cross linking with formaldehyde. This modified capsule was completely filled with drug with polymer such as HPMCK15M, HPMC K 100M, PVPK-30 to expel the drug after predetermined lag time. A hydrogel plug was inserted in the body of a capsule to obtain desired drug release after a lag time for chronotherapy of asthma. Untreated capsule was attached to the treated body and was released. The drug was exerted to precompression parameter such as Angle of repose, Bulk density, Tapped density, Car’s index Hassner’s ratio. These capsules were subjected to further post formulation studies such as weight variation, drug content, invitro dissolution studies separately. The pre and post formulation parameters were found to be within permissible limit. The mere compatibility of drug, polymer and excipients were determined by Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR) and UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV). The results showed that drug was completely compatible with polymer and excipients. In vitro dissolution were carried out by using pH 6 .8 and pH 7.4 buffers. Based on the result obtained F5 Formulation shows good dissolution profile. Higuchi, Hixson crowell. Koresmeyer peppas to evaluate the kinetics and drug release. The drug release follows first order kinetics and the mechanism was found to be NON FICKS DIFFUSION.
Keywords: Albuterol Sulphate, Theophylline, modified pulsincap drug delivery system, FTIR, Dissolution
Solid dispersion: application and limitations
Authors: Mohammed Ebtissam Ameer , Alfahad Mohanad , Qazzaz Mohannad E 
Published: February 2024

Solubility and dissolution rate are essential factors in the bioavailability of a drug. The drug must be well-soluble in water to have good bioavailability. Solid dispersion is among the most widely used and effective methods for increasing solubility and releasing inadequately water-soluble medications. Solid dispersion requires the choice of a suitable carrier for the right active pharmaceutical ingredients and the proper techniques for preparing solid dispersions. The reliable dispersion system is designed in various ways to achieve the goal and avoid the accompanying obstacles.
Keywords: solid dispersion, solubility, solvent evaporation, lyophilization, generation, methods
Effects of Intravenous Lidocaine as an Analgesic Adjuvant in Oncological Pain
Authors: Villar-Herrera Viviana Andrea , Juárez-Lemus Angel Manuel , Guillén-Núñez María del Rocío , Castillo-Ramirez Lizeth , Gutierrea-Herrera Gian Marco 
Published: February 2024

Objectives: To verify that intravenous lidocaine is effective as an adjuvant analgesic in pain for hospitalized cancer patients at the National Institute of Cancerology, Mexico. Methods: Clinical records of patients hospitalized at the National Institute of Cancerology who received intravenous lidocaine infusion as an adjuvant to pain during the 4-year period from November 1, 2019, to October 31, 2023, were reviewed. Patients who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. A statistically significant measure was defined as a decrease equal to or greater than 4 points in the NRS value after lidocaine administration.
Results: A total of 179 patients were included; 46.4% were men, and 53.6% were women. The most common painful syndrome was somatic (54%). Patients with neuropathic pain received a higher lidocaine dose (mg/kg/hr) of 1.9 ± 0.79. Regarding adverse effects, 1.7% of patients experienced them. It was established that a reduction of 4 points with respect to the previous value on the numeric rating scale (NRS) would be considered statistically significant. A statistically significant association was found between patients under 38 years old and a higher risk of not achieving the objective (p 0.05, CI 0.95–1 OR 0.9). Patients who received lidocaine infusions for less than 4.63 days also had a risk of not reaching the goal (p 0.02, CI 0.7–0.9, OR 0.8).
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the analgesic adjuvant use of intravenous lidocaine infusion is an effective and well-tolerated analgesic intervention for oncology patients.
Keywords: lidocaine, Neuropathic Pain, Somatic Pain, Visceral Pain, numeric rating scale.
Effectiveness of subcutaneous morphine in the treatment of pain crises in cancer patients
Authors: Aguilera-Elizalde Blanca Betsabe , Guillén-Núñez María del Rocío , Juárez-Lemus Angel Manuel , Plancarte-Sánchez Ricardo , Hernández-Rodríguez Daniela , González-Vega Oliver Humberto 
Published: February 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of subcutaneous morphine for managing pain crises resulting from various causes in cancer patients attended by the Pain Clinic in the immediate care area of the National Cancer Institute in Mexico City.
Materials and Methods: This study was analytical, observational, retrospective, and descriptive. The oncology patients treated in the immediate care area for pain crises between August 1, 2020, and July 1, 2023, made up our study population. We documented the management of pain crises for patients who needed subcutaneous morphine treatment.
Results: Considering a reduction in Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score >30% as effective and a reduction <30% as ineffective, 566 patients didn’t require an additional dose of subcutaneous morphine to control the pain crisis; 11 patients reported a decrease of <30%. A total of 24 patients needed a second rescue. Among this group, only 5 responded well to the second morphine rescue; in the remaining 19 patients, the rescue was deemed ineffective if the NRS decreased by at least 30%. Only 5 individuals experienced moderate pain, and only one patient reported severe pain. The variables were compared using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test with significance <0.05. Consequently, it may be said that there is a statistically significant difference between the first and subsequent NRS values obtained.
Conclusion: For oncology patients treated by the Pain Clinic in the immediate care section of the National Cancer Institute in Mexico City, subcutaneous morphine is beneficial in managing pain crises of different origins.
Keywords: Morphine, Subcutaneous Pain crises, Efficacy, Numeric rating scale
A Pharmacognostic, phytochemical and pharmacological review of Pterocarpus marsupium: Comprehensive Review
Authors: Deshpande Mangirish Narendra , Dighe Pearl , Nagare Sujit 
Published: February 2024

Research in herbal drug is need of the hour to find definite lead for discovery of medicine from plant source. Many traditional medicinal plants are under screening to scientifically reinforce their traditional claims. Pterocarpus marsupium is time tested important source of herbal medicine which has been used extensively for treatment of diabetes mellitus. It has also exhibited antimicrobial activity, analgesic activity, anticataract activity. Acute toxicity test determines safe dose of the Pterocarpus marsupium. Various extraction methods such as Infusion, Decoction, Maceration, Percolation and Hot Water Extraction s employed for efficient extraction of phytoconstituents. Primary phytoconstituents present in the bark comprises of liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin, pterosupin, epicatechin, and pterostilbene. Current review is carried out to study pharmacognstic, phytochemical and pharmacological activity of the drug, which can be useful for researcher to provide synoptic overview about Pterocarpus marsupium
Keywords: Pterocarpus marsupium, Review, Fabaceae, Indian kino, Asan
Comparación de habilidades básicas y avanzadas de navegación, de la ciudadanía digital, en el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje de la filosofía
Authors: Giraldo Ramírez Luz Otilia , Gutiérrez Oquendo Henry 
Published: February 2024

This article was approached in a general way in the basic concepts of citizenship, until reaching the digital citizenship on which we focus our research, more specifically in the teaching-learning process of philosophy. Likewise, through information from reliable sources, such as the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI), we extracted data bases from the last 6 years, which allowed us to verify trends on the basic and advanced skills of the user in the use of the Internet; on the other hand, the Cybersecurity page allowed us to analyze the vulnerabilities suffered by the digital citizen when navigating in cyberspace.
Finally, we interpreted the results, and subsequently presented them coherently in tables and graphs in which a growth of basic navigation skills was evidenced, but which, when comparing data, revealed a very low level compared to the advanced skills that every citizen should have, with national, multilateral, post-national, multicultural or differentiated, cosmopolitan or global, gender and inclusion, youth, spatial or digital nationalities, in the process of education mediated by ICTs.
Desafíos de los agricultores para la exportación de sus productos: una revisión sistemática de literatura
Authors: Castillo Chan Francisco Javier 
Published: February 2024

En el presente estudio se analiza y sintetizar la documentación científica existente sobre aquellos estudios empíricos asociados a los desafíos arancelarios y no arancelarias con relación a la exportación agrícola a nivel internacional, dado las problemáticas que estás ocasionan a los agricultores para participar en los mercados extranjeros. El estudio se limita a la literatura encontrada entre 2013 al 2023 y partiendo del método PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) para estudios de Revisión Sistemática de Literatura (RSL), usando las bases de datos de Scopus, Web of Science, Springer y SciELO. Dentro de los hallazgo encontrados se encuentra un vacío en estudios cualitativos ligados a las barreras no arancelarias, la falta de estudios realizados en México y la carencia del factor de desconocimiento cultura como detonante para la colocación exitosa en otros mercados.
Toma de decisiones en cadenas de suministro globales resilientes: Una aproximación teórica
Authors: Barragán Moreno Gabriel Ernesto , Rocha Medina Linda Bibiana 
Published: February 2024

The strong competition of global supply chains in international markets requires a quick response from the decision maker that allows the resumption of interrupted operations in the presence of disruptive events. The purpose of this paper is to establish the origin of the decisions that characterize the resilient supply chains together with the tools proposed through academic and investigative efforts that allow supporting decision-making.

The authors carried out a review of scientific articles published in the last 12 years, of which 67 texts related to resilience and risk management in the global supply chain were analyzed. The result of this analysis allowed to identify: i) the limited academic progress in the development of tools that support post-disruption decision-making, ii) developments to support structured and unstructured decision-making, iii) implementation initiatives intelligent systems to support decisions in the resilient supply chain, and iv) application of highly efficient algorithms developed to solve models that allow structured decision making. The results of this work are of great value to the academic and scientific community that suggests developments in the area and its concerns is the assurance of the normal operation of the global supply chains.​
Spatial geometric thinking and its articulation with the visualization and manipulation of objects in 3D
Authors: Lavicza Zsolt , Abar Celina A. A. Pereira , Tejera Mathias 
Published: February 2024

This paper aims to build a conceptual framework that addresses spatial geometric thinking and the respective visualization skills required at different levels of the schooling process. Studies indicate that spatial geometric sills are essential for scientific thinking. It encompasses a set of cognitive processes through which humans can construct and manipulate mental representations of objects in space and is a skill directed towards understanding objects and their relations in the 2D and 3D worlds. The use of these spatial reasoning skills involves drawing, manipulating, and explaining objects and their relationships and should be developed from the first years of schooling. Based on this theoretical context, partial research results on surface representations that can be manipulated in three dimensions (3D) and obtained through GeoGebra will be presented in this paper. The underlying theory was Duval's Theory of Registers of Semiotic Representation, which allowed the analysis of activities developed by graduate students in Mathematics Education by observing and physically manipulating such representations to obtain the respective graphic and algebraic records. The conceptual framework constructed and presented in this article contributed to identifying other skills required in this study for the development of spatial geometric thinking.
Prevention of bullying among teenagers by methods of social theater
Authors: Буравлева Наталья Анатольевна , Серяков Виталий Владимирович 
Published: February 2024

В последние годы ситуации буллинга среди подростков происходят все чаще. Они негативно влияют на эмоциональное состояние обучающихся, развитие личности, могут приводить к трагическим случаям с непоправимыми последствиями. Одной из задач педагогических коллективов образовательных учреждений является предупреждение прецедентов проявления жестокости среди подростков, профилактика буллинга. К эффективным методам профилактики буллинга в школе можно отнести социальный театр, который выполняет широкий спектр функций по отношению к его участникам: информационно-образовательную, познавательную, развивающую, социально-коммуникативную. Профилактика буллинга посредством социального театра направлена на осмысление темы буллинга, выработку негативного к нему отношения, осознание степени проблемы и способов ее решения.
In recent years, we have seen an increase in bullying situations among teenagers. According to the World Report on Violence against Children, one in ten schoolchildren in the world is exposed to violence in an educational environment, and this figure is increasing every year. Bullying negatively affects the emotional state of children, personality development, and can lead to tragic cases. The task of the teaching staff of educational institutions is to prevent precedents of cruelty among adolescents, to prevent bullying. Effective methods of bullying prevention at school include social theater. Social theater involves a group form and step-by-step work: preparing a performance on the topic of bullying and showing it to the audience with subsequent discussion. Through social theater, it is possible to simulate various situations that reproduce the conflict situation of adolescents with the search for a way out of it. The peculiarity of the social theater is the involvement of the audience in the ongoing process, their participation in the discussion, the opportunity to switch places with the performers of the roles, in practice to demonstrate the proposed solutions to the problem. Theatrical practices contribute to the social activation of adolescents, the acquisition of communication skills, and the testing of social roles through dramatization and improvisation. Social theater is an effective and gentle method when dealing with bullying, age and existential crises, interpersonal and intrapersonal problems. Social theater performs a wide range of functions in relation to participants and viewers: informational, educational, cognitive, developmental, social and communicative. Bullying prevention through social theater is aimed at understanding the topic of bullying, developing a negative attitude towards it, realizing the extent of the problem and ways to solve it.
Peculiarities of using the professionally oriented graphic tasks for railway students
Authors: Чабан Елена Анатольевна , Стрикалова Наталия Владимировна 
Published: February 2024

Подготовка инженерных кадров, обладающих определенным набором профессиональных компетенций, позволяющих использовать современные достижения науки и уровень цифровых технологий в области железнодорожного транспорта, на сегодняшний день имеет огромное значение. Сквозной нитью проходит через общепрофессиональные и профессиональные компетенции формирование так называемой графической компетенции. Рассмотрены возможности и преимущества использования профессионально адаптированных учебных графических задач в учебном процессе для студентов строительно-железнодорожных специальностей, способствующих формированию графической компетенции, а также процессу профессионального становления обучающегося. Представлены примеры профессионально адаптированных учебных графических задач для строительно-железнодорожных специальностей.
The training of the engineering personnel with a certain set of professional competencies that allow the use of modern scientific achievements and the level of digital technologies in the field of railway transport is of great importance today. The formation of the socalled graphic competency is one of the main general professional and professional competencies to be developed. The possibilities and advantages of the professionally adapted educational graphic tasks for the students of the railway construction specialty in the educational process, which contribute to the formation of the graphic competence, as well as the process of professional development of students, are considered. The examples of the professionally adapted educational graphic tasks for the railway construction specialty are presented.