bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMPROVING LISTENING COMPREHENSION BY USING ENGLISH SONGS FOR THE TENTH-GRADE STUDENTS AT SMAN 10 GOWA
Authors: Jamila  
Published: December 2023

Listening is one of the four most essential English learning skills students have in learning. The research objective was to improve students' listening skills through the use of English songs. This study used a quantitative type of experimental method. There were two classes, namely the experimental class with English songs and the control class without English songs. The research sample was grade X students consisting of 50 students in which 25 students in each experimental class and control class. Data collection techniques in this study used a pre-test and post-test. The results showed that the pre-test for the experimental class had a mean value of 57.88 and the pre-test for the control class had a mean value of 55.04. Then, after treatment, the research results showed that the experimental class post-test had a mean value of 86.08 and the control class post-test had a mean value of 73.00. The results of the data were analyzed by using an independent T-test showing that Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.000 which is lower than 0.05 so that (Ha) is accepted and (Ho) is rejected so that there is an influence on listening results of using English songs. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that English songs can improve listening skills for grade X of SMAN 10 Gowa.
Tinjauan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual
Authors: Dian  , Raodiah  , Nurmiati  
Published: December 2023

Kekerasan Seksual merupakan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia, kejahatan terhadap martabat kemanusiaan, serta bentuk diskriminasi yang harus dihapuskan. Kebanyakan Korban Kekerasan Seksual adalah perempuan dan anak perempuan sehingga Kekerasan Seksual juga merupakan kekerasan berbasis gender. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif .Adapun hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa kekerasan seksual terdiri dari a. pelecehan seksual; b. eksploitasi seksual; c. pemaksaan kontrasepsi; d. pemaksaan aborsi; e. perkosaan; f. pemaksaan perkawinan; g. pemaksaan pelacuran; h. perbudakan seksual; dan/atau i. penyiksaan seksual. Pencegahan kekerasan seksual meliputi antara lain pada bidang: a. pendidikan; b. infrastruktur, pelayanan publik dan tata ruang; c. pemerintahan dan tata kelola kelembagaan; d. ekonomi; dan e. sosial dan budaya (3) Pencegahan Kekerasan Seksual dilakukan dengan memerhatikan: a. situasi konflik; b. bencana alam; c. letak geografis wilayah; dan d. situasi khusus lainnya. Pencegahan Kekerasan Seksual merupakan tugas dan tanggung jawab kementerian yang mengkoordinasikan urusan pemerintahan di bidang pembangunan manusia dan kebudayaan.
Online Dispute Resolution
Authors: Muhammad Nur Udpa  
Published: December 2023

Sistem penyelesaian sengketa formal dianggap perlu dikembangkan dengan mempertimbangkan tumbuhnya internet di berbagai arah baru. Eksistensi ODR pada tahun 2020 serta dampak dari COVID 19, seyogyanya menjadi pemicu semakin tingginya penggunaan ODR dalam penyelesaian sengketa. Namun, penyelesaian sengketa melalui Online Dispute Resolution hingga saat ini masih dianggap hal yang baru bagi pelaku bisnis. ODR dianggap belum memiliki kepastian hukum atas eksistensinya. Hal tersebut menjadi dasar penulis untuk membahas terkait dampak Online Dispute Resolution atas perubahan penyelesaian sengketa di Indonesia. Adapun hasil dari penulisan ini yaitu menegaskan bahwa ODR merupakan sebuah langkah maju menyikapi semakin pesatnya perkembangan teknologi dan semakin banyaknya senketa=sengketa perdata yang memerlukan penyelesaian sengketa berbasis teknologi. Namun, Indonesia memerlukan beberapa pembenahan khususnya pada regulasi yang akan menjadi dasar hukum dilaksanakannnya ODR di Indonesia. Serta pengembangan teknologi ODR yang nantinya digunakan BANI dalam penyelesaian sengketa online.
Financial Outcomes of Managed Entry Agreements for Pharmaceuticals in Italy
Authors: Trotta Francesco , Guerrizio Maria Alessandra , Di Filippo Aurora , Cangini Agnese 
Published: December 2023

ImportanceMost countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development apply managed entry agreements (MEAs), reimbursement arrangements between manufacturers and payers, to pharmaceuticals. Few data exist regarding their ability to lower expenditures.ObjectiveTo analyze the financial outcomes of MEAs for pharmaceuticals from 2019 to 2021 in Italy.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this observational study of MEAs and pharmaceutical spending in Italy, medications that were monitored through individually collected data and generated paybacks from manufacturers during the 2019 to 2021 study period were included in the analysis. Payback data were collected through pharmaceutical spending monitoring activities conducted by the Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco (Italian Medicines Agency). Expenditure data were collected through the Italian Drug Traceability System. Products were categorized by type of MEA: financial-based, outcome-based, or mixed.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was median payback as a proportion of expenditure by category of MEA. Results were also provided by subtype: cost sharing or capping models for financial-based MEAs and risk-sharing or payment-by-result models for outcome-based MEAs. Mixed MEAs were considered when medications had multiple indications with different MEA types.ResultsA total of 73 medications with MEAs generated a payback by manufacturers during the study period. Six were either not reimbursable or delivered within the Italian National Health Service, and 5 had incomplete data. Of the 62 medications analyzed, 24 (38.7%) had financial-based MEAs, 30 (48.4%) had outcome-based MEAs, and 8 (12.9%) had mixed MEAs. A total payback amount of €327.5 million was calculated during the 3 years, corresponding to 0.9% of the €41.1 billion of total expenditures for medications purchased by public health facilities in Italy. Financial-based MEAs returned the highest payback revenues, €158.1 million; the outcome-based MEAs and mixed MEAs generated smaller paybacks of €74.5 million and €94.9 million, respectively. Overall, the median proportion of payback to expenditure on the medications analyzed was 3.8%. For mixed MEAs, the payback-to-expenditure proportion was 6.7%; for outcome-based MEAs, 3.3%; and for financial-based MEAs, 3.7%.Conclusions and RelevanceThis observational study found limited evidence that MEAs lower pharmaceutical expenditures. Determining criteria for prioritizing MEA use, identifying potential design changes, and improving implementation may be needed in the future.
Enteromorpha Prolifera Polysaccharide‐Derived Injectable Hydrogel for Fast Intraoperative Hemostasis and Accelerated Postsurgical Wound Healing Following Tumor Resection
Authors: Jiang Fei , Li Luxi , Tian Yu , Su Yun , Zhao Tiange , Ren Ruyi , Chi Zhe , Liu Chenguang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntraoperative bleeding and delayed postsurgical wound healing caused by persistent inflammation can increase the risk of tumor recurrence after surgical resection. To address these issues, Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide (PEP) with intrinsic potentials for hemostasis and wound healing, is chemically modified into aldehyde‐PEP and hydrazine‐PEP. Thereby, an injectable double‐network hydrogel (OPAB) is developed via forming dual dynamic bonding of acylhydrazone bonds between the decorated aldehyde and hydrazine groups and hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl groups between boric acid and PEP skeletons. The OPAB exhibits controllable shape‐adaptive gelation (35.0 s), suitable mechanical properties, nonstimulating self‐healing (60 s), good wet tissue adhesion (30.9 kPa), and pH‐responsive biodegradability. For in vivo models, owing to these properties, OPAB can achieve rapid hemostasis within 30 s for the liver hemorrhage, and readily loading of curcumin nanoparticles to remarkably accelerate surgical wound closure by alleviating inflammation, re‐epithelialization, granulation tissue formation, and collagen deposition. Overall, this multifunctional injectable hydrogel is a promising material that facilitates simultaneous intraoperative hemorrhage and postsurgical wound repair, holding significant potential in the clinical managements of bleeding and surgical wounds for tumor resection.
The Challenge of Electrolyte Impregnation in the Fabrication and Operation of Li‐ion and Li−S Batteries
Authors: Dent Matthew , Grabe Sean , Lekakou Constantina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractModeling and simulations, coupled with selected experimental studies for validation, are employed to analyze electrolyte impregnation in battery fabrication, elucidate and assess its effects on battery operation. Digital twins of the electrolyte filling process or the cell cycling are based on continuum‐level physicochemical models taking into account the pore size distribution of the porous cathode and separator, dissolution and precipitation of any solutes such as sulfur or sulfides; additionally, ion transport and redox reactions in the liquid electrolyte for simulations of battery cycling. Electrolyte impregnation highly depends on cell format, with a cylindrical Li‐ion cell predicted to take up to 7 days under rest for homogeneous electrolyte distribution. Simulations of the electrolyte infiltration in Li−S coin cells revealed sulfur dissolution and reprecipitation, which was verified by experiments using in operando microscopy. Simulations of the first discharge of electrolyte‐lean Li−S cells demonstrated the effects of poor micropore wetting by the electrolyte.
Atomic layer deposition niobium oxide and lithium niobium oxide as a protection technique for anode‐free batteries
Authors: Doyle‐Davis Kieran , Adair Keegan , Wang Changhong , Zhao Feipeng , Deng Sixu , Sun Xueliang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAs demand for extended range in electric vehicles and longer battery lifetimes in consumer electronics has grown, so have the requirements for higher energy densities and longer cycle lifetimes of the cells that power them. One solution to this is the implementation of an “anode‐free” battery. By removing the anode and plating lithium directly onto the current collector, it is possible to access the same capacities and voltage windows as traditional lithium metal batteries, with the entirety of the lithium source coming from the cathode. Herein, a copper foil current collector coated with niobium oxide or lithium niobium oxide through atomic layer deposition (ALD) is applied to extend the cycling life of the anode‐free batteries by reducing dendrite formation and improving the stability of the lithium metal surface throughout cycling. The ALD coatings are able to extend the cycle lifetime in full coin cells from 20 cycles to 80% capacity retained in the bare copper controls to 50 and 115 cycles for the NbO and LiNbO coatings, respectively. Over the lifetime of the cells, the ALD‐LiNbO is able to cumulatively offer a staggering improvement of an additional 100 kWh L−1 compared to the bare copper control.
Design and analyses of web scraping on burstable virtual machines
Authors: Drummond Lúcia Maria A. , Andrade Luciano , Muniz Pedro de Brito , Pereira Matheus Marotti , Silva Thiago do Prado , Teylo Luan 
Published: December 2023

SummaryWeb scraping is a widely used technique for decision‐making, collecting, and structuring public data from the internet. As the volume of data continues to grow, the need for more efficient methods of data extraction becomes crucial. This article introduces a novel web scraping framework that utilizes Burstable virtual machines (VMs) on Amazon Web Services with the objective of reducing the monetary cost of execution while ensuring compliance with service level agreements (SLAs). To achieve this, the framework utilizes a combination of fixed and temporary Burstable VMs in a mixed cluster, which can be elastically scaled up to fulfill the SLA and scaled down to minimize monetary costs. Two strategies for handling VM allocation are proposed and evaluated: (i) a queue and SLA‐based strategy that employs queue size information and SLA criteria to determine the required number of VMs for the current scraping requests, and (ii) a credit‐based strategy that incorporates information about Burstable VM credits to effectively manage instance creation and termination. Experimental tests show that the proposed framework meets the defined SLA while achieving cost reductions of up to 74% compared to an approach that executes on fixed‐size clusters of Burstable instances.
Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) Negatively Impacts Prey Capture Capabilities in Larval Zebrafish
Authors: Zoodsma Josiah D. , Boonkanon Chanita , Running Logan , Basharat Rehman , Atilla-Gokcumen G. Ekin , Aga Diana S. , Sirotkin Howard I. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used in many industrial and domestic applications, which has resulted in unintentional human exposures and bioaccumulation in blood and other organs. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is among the most prevalent PFAS in the environment and has been postulated to affect brain functions in exposed organisms. However, the impacts of PFOS in early neural development have not been well described. We used zebrafish larvae to assess the effects of PFOS on two fundamental complex behaviors, prey capture and learning. Zebrafish exposed to PFOS concentrations ranging from 2 to 20 µM for differing 48-h periods were viable through early larval stages. In addition, PFOS uptake was unaffected by the presence of a chorion. We employed two different experimental paradigms; first we assessed the impacts of increasing organismal PFOS bioaccumulation on prey capture and learning, and second, we probed stage-specific sensitivity to PFOS by exposing zebrafish at different developmental stages (0–2 vs. 3–5 days post fertilization). Following both assays we measured the amount of PFOS present in each larva and found that PFOS levels varied in larvae from different groups within each experimental paradigm. Significant negative correlations were observed between larval PFOS accumulation and percentage of captured prey, whereas nonsignificant negative correlations were observed between PFOS accumulation and experienced-induced prey capture learning. These findings suggest that PFOS accumulation negatively affects larval zebrafish's ability to perform complicated multisensory behaviors and highlights the potential risks of PFOS exposure to animals in the wild, with implications for human health. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:847–855. © 2023 SETAC
Current status and therapeutic strategy of acute acalculous cholecystitis: Japanese nationwide survey in the era of the Tokyo guidelines
Authors: Morikawa Takanori , Akada Masanori , Shimizu Kenji , Nishida Yasunori , Izai Junko , Kajioka Hiroki , Miura Takayuki , Ishida Masaharu , Unno Michiaki 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to clarify the incidence, therapeutic modality, and prognosis of acute acalculous cholecystitis and to reveal its optimal treatment strategy.MethodsAs a project study of the Japanese Society for Abdominal Emergency Medicine, we performed a questionnaire survey of demographic data and perioperative outcomes of acute acalculous cholecystitis treated between January 2018 and December 2020 from 42 institutions.ResultsIn this study, 432 patients of acute acalculous cholecystitis, which accounts for 7.04% of acute cholecystitis, were collected. According to the Tokyo guidelines severity grade, 167 (38.6%), 202 (46.8%), and 63 (14.6%) cases were classified as Grade I, II, and III, respectively. A total of 11 (2.5%) patients died and myocardial infarction/congestive heart failure was the only independent risk factor for in‐hospital death. Cholecystectomy, especially the laparoscopic approach, had more preferable outcomes compared to their counterparts. The Tokyo guidelines flow charts were useful for Grade I and II severity, but in the cases with Grade III, upfront cholecystectomy could be suitable in some patients.ConclusionsThe proportions of severity grade and mortality of acute acalculous cholecystitis were found to be similar to those of acute cholecystitis, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy is recommended as an effective treatment option. (UMIN000047631).
Experimental structure based drug design (SBDD) applications for anti‐leishmanial drugs: A paradigm shift?
Authors: Marín Miguel , López Marta , Gallego‐Yerga Laura , Álvarez Raquel , Peláez Rafael 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLeishmaniasis is a group of neglected tropical diseases caused by at least 20 species of Leishmania protozoa, which are spread by the bite of infected sandflies. There are three main forms of the disease: cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL, the most common), visceral leishmaniasis (VL, also known as kala‐azar, the most serious), and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. One billion people live in areas endemic to leishmaniasis, with an annual estimation of 30,000 new cases of VL and more than 1 million of CL. New treatments for leishmaniasis are an urgent need, as the existing ones are inefficient, toxic, and/or expensive. We have revised the experimental structure‐based drug design (SBDD) efforts applied to the discovery of new drugs against leishmaniasis. We have grouped the explored targets according to the metabolic pathways they belong to, and the key achieved advances are highlighted and evaluated. In most cases, SBDD studies follow high‐throughput screening campaigns and are secondary to pharmacokinetic optimization, due to the majoritarian belief that there are few validated targets for SBDD in leishmaniasis. However, some SBDD strategies have significantly contributed to new drug candidates against leishmaniasis and a bigger number holds promise for future development.
Compact high directivity branch‐line hybrid using distributed realization of lumped elements
Authors: Nishad Praween Kumar , Ghosh Debapratim 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis letter presents a compact high directivity branch‐line hybrid. The proposed hybrid is designed using a symmetrical ‐shaped structure, which incorporates a symmetrical ‐equivalent circuit. The ‐structure comprises one series low‐impedance line and two shunt high‐impedance stubs. The low‐impedance line is realized using a ‐equivalent circuit consisting of two spiral inductors and one patch capacitor. A detailed analytical design procedure is developed. A prototype hybrid is fabricated on FR‐4 substrate and the measured ‐parameters are in close agreement with the simulated results. The proposed hybrid has a compact size with 54% area reduction compared to a conventional branch‐line hybrid. In addition, the hybrid achieves 43 dB directivity at its center frequency of 0.9 GHz.
A filtering patch antenna with reflectionless in a wide frequency range
Authors: Li Jian‐Feng , Li Xi‐Qing , Wu Duo‐Long , Ye Liang Hua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA filtering antenna consists of a reflective filtering antenna (RFA) and a bandstop filter (BSF) is presented. Due to the L‐shaped feeding structure, slots etching on the radiator and the ground plane, the RFA obtains good impendence matching, stable in‐band gain, as well as four reflective radiation nulls, and that contribute an operating band of 19% and good frequency selectivity to the proposed filtering antenna. The RFA and BSF are cascaded directly, and the compact BSF is terminated by a resistor to absorb the stopband energy of the RFA, bringing good reflectionless characteristics in a wide frequency range to the proposed filtering antenna. The proposed filtering antenna has a 2‐dB gain bandwidth of 22% (1.78–2.22 GHz), in‐band gain of about 6.81 dBi, radiation suppression levels of higher than 23.4 and 21.4 dB for the lower and upper stopbands, respectively. Within 1.0–3.0 GHz, |S11| ≤ −12 dB, implying slight effect of reflected wave on the devices connected to the proposed filtering antenna.
Measuring body composition in pediatric patients with complex diagnoses: Acceptability, practicality, and validation of different techniques
Authors: Lara‐Pompa Nara E. , Macdonald Sarah , Fawbert Katherine , Shaw Vanessa , Wells Jonathan C. , Fewtrell Mary , Hill Susan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundBody composition could help identify malnutrition in pediatric patients, but there is uncertainty over which techniques are most suitable and prevailing opinion that measurements are difficult to obtain in practice. This study examined the acceptability, practicality, reliability, and validity of different anthropometric and body composition measurements in patients with complex diagnoses in a tertiary pediatric hospital.MethodsA total of 152 children aged 5–18 years had weight, height, body mass index (BMI), mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC), 4‐site skinfold thicknesses (SFT), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) assessed on admission and discharge. Acceptability was assessed in a continuous scale, practicality with number/percentage of successful measurements, reliability with intraclass correlation coefficients and coefficients of repeatability, and validity between “simpler” techniques and DXA with Bland‐Altman analysis of agreement and Cohen kappa.ResultsTechniques were overall acceptable. Measurements were successful in >50%, with patient refusal uncommon. Coefficients of repeatability were good (0.3 cm MUAC and height, 0.2 kg weight, and 1.0 mm SFTs). All techniques significantly overestimated DXA fat mass, but BMI and triceps SFT better identified abnormal fat mass (κ = 0.46 and 0.49). BIA fat‐free mass was not significantly different from DXA, with substantial agreement between techniques (κ = 0.65).ConclusionBody composition by a range of techniques is acceptable, practical, and reliable in a diverse group of children with complex diagnoses. BIA seems a good alternative to DXA for assessing fat‐free mass, triceps SFT, and BMI for fat mass but should be used with care as it could overestimate total fat mass in individuals.
Wet continuous mixing technology and extrusion rheological properties of carbon black/natural rubber composites
Authors: Xiao Yao , Huang Yinggang , Li Biao , Xu Yifan , Wang He , Wang Chuansheng , Bian Huiguang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn order to solve the problems of dust, low mixing efficiency, and poor quality stability in dry mixing and continuous mixing, this study combined the flocculation extrusion technology with continuous mixing technology of carbon black/additives/natural rubber composites. The flocculation of latex was achieved by carbon black itself and the shearing of the twin screw. The continuous mixing was carried out in a double‐rotor continuous mixer, which was composed of functional elements such as the exhaust section and extrusion section. The results showed that the technology promoted the formation of the filler‐rubber network, the sensitivity of viscosity to temperature was weakened, and the rubber was closer to a Newtonian fluid, with less extrusion swell phenomenon and no obvious spiral distortion. Compared with the dry mixing, the tensile strength, rebound rate, and abrasion resistance of the rubber composites prepared by this technology were increased by 11%, 31%, and 9%, respectively, providing theoretical and technical guidance for the green production and continuous production of high‐performance natural rubber composites.Highlights
The process is achieved by a twin‐screw extruder and a twin‐rotor continuous mixer.
The process promotes the formation of the filler‐rubber network.
The sensitivity of viscosity to temperature is weakened, with no spiral distortion.
The tensile strength, rebound rate, and abrasion resistance are increased by 11%, 31%, and 9%.