bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mild and Efficient Extraction of Fluorescent Chlorophyll a from Spinach Leaves for Application as the Sustainable Emitter in Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells
Authors: Kotewicz Krzysztof , Tang Shi , Edman Ludvig , Wang Ergang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNatural pigments are sustainable compounds that can be employed as emitters, sensors and sensitisers in optoelectronics. The most abundant pigment, chlorophyll, offers advantages of easily available and plentiful feedstock, biodegradability and non‐toxicity. However, strenuous extraction and separation limit its application on larger scale. In this work, a practically mild and scalable extraction and separation method for rapid isolation of chlorophyll a from spinach is presented. Three different stationary phases for column chromatography were evaluated, and a new solvent system was developed for the elution of chlorophyll a on a neutral alumina chromatography column. The purified product was obtained with a yield of 0.98 mg ⋅ g−1 with respect to the dry leaves. A first light‐emitting electrochemical cell (LEC) based on chlorophyll a as the emitter is reported, using the extracted chlorophyll a as the guest compound dispersed in a blend‐host matrix in a concentration of 2.5 or 5 mass %. The higher‐chlorophyll‐concentration LEC exhibits emission solely from the chlorophyll emitter, with the main emission peak located at 675 nm. The lower‐chlorophyll‐concentration LEC features two distinct emission bands, one in the red region that is originating from the chlorophyll guest and one in the blue region (main peak at 430 nm) that stems from the blend host. This combined red:blue emission can be attractive for, e. g., greenhouse applications, since it matches the action spectrum of plant photosynthesis.
Functionalized Polyamine Synthesis with Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Makihara Yuta , Maeda Bumpei , Akiyoshi Ryohei , Tanaka Daisuke , Murakami Kei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPolyamines, such as putrescine and spermidine, are pivotal in various biological processes across living organisms. Despite their significance, structurally modified polyamines offer a less‐explored avenue for discovering bioactive compounds. The limitation is attributed to the synthetic difficulty of accessing functionalized polyamines. In this study, we accomplished photoredox‐catalyzed functionalization of polyamines to diversify their structure. The rapid functionalization allows attaching fluorophores to the target polyamine, facilitating the development of molecular probes for advancing chemical biology studies.
Radiation therapy dose escalation achieves high rates of local control with tolerable toxicity profile in pediatric and young adult patients with Ewing sarcoma
Authors: Kacar Marija , Nagel Margaret B. , Liang Jia , Li Yimei , Neel Michael D. , Lucas John T. , McCarville M. Beth , Santiago Teresa , Pappo Alberto S. , Krasin Matthew J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundLocal control for patients with Ewing sarcoma (EWS) who present with large tumors are suboptimal when treated with standard radiation therapy (RT) doses of 54–55.8 Gy. The purpose of this study is to determine local control and toxicity of dose‐escalated RT for tumors ≥8 cm (greatest diameter at diagnosis) in pediatric and young adult patients with EWS.MethodsEligible patients ≤30 years old with newly diagnosed EWS ≥8 cm treated with definitive conformal or intensity modulated photon, or proton radiation therapy techniques were included. All patients in the study received dose‐escalated RT doses. Outcomes included overall survival (OS), event‐free survival (EFS), local failure rates, and toxicity.ResultsThirty‐two patients were included, 20 patients presented with metastatic disease and 12 patients with localized disease. The median RT dose was 64.8 Gy (range, 59.4–69.4 Gy) with variability of doses to protect normal surrounding tissues. All patients received systemic chemotherapy. The 5‐year OS and EFS for the cohort was 64.2% and 42%, respectively. The 5‐year cumulative incidence of local failure was 6.6%. There were two combined local and distant failures with no isolated local failures. Twenty‐nine patients experienced short term toxicity, 90% of those being radiation dermatitis. Twenty‐seven patients experienced long‐term toxicity, with only one experiencing grade 4 toxicity, a secondary malignancy after therapy.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that definitive RT for pediatric and young adult patients with EWS ≥8 cm provides high rates of local control, while maintaining a tolerable toxicity profile.
Efficacy and safety of nanoparticle albumin‐bound paclitaxel in taxane‐pretreated metastatic breast cancer patients
Authors: Xiong Weili , Xu Ting , Liu Xiao , Zhang Lili , Yuan Yuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundTaxanes are the basic components of breast cancer chemotherapy. Nanoparticle albumin‐bound paclitaxel (nab‐paclitaxel) shows improved antitumor effects because of more targeted delivery. However, the effects of nab‐paclitaxel have not been systematically studied in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) pretreated with taxanes. Considering the limited treatment options for MBC, this study retrospectively evaluated the clinical efficacy and adverse effects of nab‐paclitaxel in patients with taxane‐pretreated MBC.MethodsPatients who had previously received taxanes and subsequently received nab‐paclitaxel chemotherapy for MBC at Jiangsu Cancer Hospital between October 2014 and April 2022 were included for analysis. The primary end point was progression‐free survival (PFS), and the secondary end points were the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), clinical benefit rate (CBR), and side effects.ResultsA total of 236 female patients with MBC were included. The median PFS was 7.20 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.63–7.80 months), and the ORR, DCR, and CBR were 29.55% (95% CI, 23.50%–35.60%), 83.64% (95% CI, 78.70%–88.60%), and 56.36% (95% CI, 49.80%–63.00%), respectively. Following nab‐paclitaxel treatment, the median PFS of patients who were sensitive to taxanes during previous treatments was significantly longer than that of patients who were resistant to taxanes (7.57 months vs. 4.43 months, p < .001). The most common adverse events were sensory neuropathy (89.83%), neutropenia (48.73%), leukopenia (46.61%), and anemia (35.59%).ConclusionNab‐paclitaxel demonstrated clinical activity in taxane‐pretreated patients with MBC. This beneficial effect was observed both in patients who were sensitive and resistant to taxanes during previous treatments. These results suggest nab‐paclitaxel as the preferred chemotherapy regimen in patients with MBC, regardless of their sensitivity to taxanes during previous treatments.
Late mortality among 5‐year survivors of childhood cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Moskalewicz Alexandra , Martinez Benjamin , Uleryk Elizabeth M. , Pechlivanoglou Petros , Gupta Sumit , Nathan Paul C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundChildhood cancer survivors are at increased risk of late mortality (death ≥5 years after diagnosis) from cancer recurrence and treatment‐related late effects. The authors conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to provide comprehensive estimates of late mortality risk among survivors internationally and to investigate differences in risk across world regions.MethodsHealth sciences databases were searched for cohort studies comprised of 5‐year childhood cancer survivors in which the risk of mortality was evaluated across multiple cancer types. Eligible studies assessed all‐cause mortality risk in survivors relative to the general population using the standardized mortality ratio (SMR). The absolute excess risk (AER) was assessed as a secondary measure to examine excess deaths. Cause‐specific mortality risk was also assessed, if reported. SMRs from nonoverlapping cohorts were combined in subgroup meta‐analysis, and the effect of world region was tested in univariate meta‐regression.ResultsNineteen studies were included, and cohort sizes ranged from 314 to 77,423 survivors. Throughout survivorship, SMRs for all‐cause mortality generally declined, whereas AERs increased after 15–20 years from diagnosis in several cohorts. All‐cause SMRs were significantly lower overall in North American studies than in European studies (relative SMR, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.49–0.80). SMRs for subsequent malignant neoplasms and for cardiovascular, respiratory, and external causes did not vary significantly between world regions.ConclusionsThe current findings suggest that late mortality risk may differ significantly between world regions, but these conclusions are based on a limited number of studies with considerable heterogeneity. Reasons for regional differences remain unclear but may be better elucidated through future analyses of individual‐level data.
Transparent Near‐IR Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells: Ultrafast Spectroscopy Reveals the Effects of Driving Force and Dye Aggregation
Authors: Kurucz Mate , Nikolinakos Ilias , Soueiti Jimmy , Baron Thibaut , Grifoni Fionnuala , Naim Waad , Pellegrin Yann , Sauvage Frédéric , Odobel Fabrice , Haacke Stefan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the context of developing transparent near‐IR absorbing dye‐sensitized solar cells, diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) cyanine dyes have recently emerged as an alternative to strongly aggregating linear cyanines. In our efforts to increase both the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and the average visible transmittance (AVT), a thienylated version, called TB202, that shows a red‐shifted absorption with respect to our champion dye TB207 was designed. However, the lower energy LUMO level of TB202 brings along a lower driving force (−ΔG) for carrier injection, which we recently identified as the main parameter limiting the PCE to 1.5 % in the best device conditions. In the present paper, we publish a detailed account of the effect of the de‐aggregating cheno‐deoxycholic acid (CDCA) for both TB207 and TB202. Both transient absorption (TAS) and fluorescence up‐conversion (FLUPS) data are presented, which allow to quantitively compare the effect of −ΔG and the CDCA concentration, in terms of the kinetic competition of ensemble averaged carrier injection and monomer‐to‐aggregate energy transfer (ET) rates. A comprehensive picture emerges on how ET is reduced by higher CDCA concentrations, leading in the best device conditions to injection efficiencies in the range of 65 % for TB207 and only 35 % for TB202.
Leveraging Machine Learning to Improve Soil Greenhouse Gas Predictions
Authors: Joosse Tess 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAgricultural soils are large sources of greenhouse gas emissions, particularly the potent nitrous oxide (N2O). While N2O emissions can be predicted by traditional biogeochemical models, these forecasts contain a lot of uncertainty. New efforts, including research (https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.21185) published in the recent Agronomy Journal special section “Machine Learning in Agriculture,” use machine learning to improve N2O flux predictions and guide management interventions.
Enhanced deadbeat predictive current control with novel generalized space vector modulation for five‐level inverter fed permanent magnet synchronous motor drive with reduced torque ripples and less computational burden
Authors: Isradani Tangirala , Ramesh Tejavathu 
Published: January 2024

SummaryTraditional electric drive control methodologies, such as field oriented control (FOC) and direct torque and flux control (DTFC), predominantly rely on multiple proportional‐integral (PI) controllers that demand complex tuning. While model predictive current control (MPCC) omits PI controllers, it has inherent challenges including high computational burden and tempered dynamics. Although two‐level inverters (2LI) are prevalent in many applications, their performance wanes in high‐power applications like high performance industrial drives and marine propulsions. Multilevel inverters (MLIs) are more efficient, but combined with space vector modulation (SVM), they add computational complexity, particularly at higher levels, limiting drive sampling frequencies and causing torque ripples and harmonics, affecting performance. To address the above drawbacks, this manuscript presents a deadbeat predictive current control of five‐level inverter fed permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive with a novel generalized SVM algorithm with reduced computational burden and improved performance. The proposed method is validated through MATLAB/Simulink‐based simulation study and experimental implementation. The results are presented and discussed. The results are compared with DTFC and MPCC where it is observed that the proposed method offers superior performance with reduced computational burden and streamlined implementation.
First results of EAST edge modeling with SOLPS‐ITER 3.2.0 on Extended Grid
Authors: Senichenkov Ilya , Kaveeva Elizaveta , Rozhansky Vladimir , Shtyrkhunov Nikita , Dolgova Ksenia , Ding Rui , Si Hang , Xu Guoliang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe processes in far scrape‐off layer (SOL) and the plasma interaction with the first‐wall (FW) elements may notably affect the tokamak discharge, since they define fuel and impurity recycling, material erosion and redeposition, wall surface heating, etc. For a long time, the far SOL description in most plasma edge transport codes was insufficient or absent at all, and so particle and heat fluxes onto the FW (except divertor plates) were out of consideration. Recently some codes, for example, SOLEDGE and SOLPS‐ITER are upgraded allowing for the extension of the computational grid up to real walls and for corresponding account of the vacuum vessel shape and all in‐vessel elements. The new release of SOLPS‐ITER (the version 3.2.0) required a development of a new code data structure and new approach to numerical approximation of fluid equations compatible with unstructured non‐orthogonal computational grid. Intensive testing of the new code in different conditions is still required. In the present contribution, such a testing is performed for the EAST disconnected double null (DDN) L‐mode discharge. For the first time, the SOLPS‐ITER 3.2.0 modeling results with drifts and currents turned on are presented, and a comparison to former SOLPS‐ITER version (3.0.8) is performed. The far SOL transport and its effects on the discharge performance are studied by comparing the computational results obtained on several meshes which differ by their width in equatorial midplane. A single null (SN) one (with mesh width limited by distance to the secondary separatrix) was examined versus two DDN meshes (one with actual and one with artificially extended targets to make mesh wider) and a true unstructured (the widest) mesh. The notable difference in results obtained on different meshes appears in those places where plasma density does not vanishes at the computational domain boundaries. For the cases on true unstructured (the widest) mesh, the particle and heat fluxes onto central column, limiters, far SOL part of targets, dome umbrella and other EAST far SOL in‐vessel structures are calculated for the first time by SOLPS‐ITER, allowing assessment of the plasma interaction with those surfaces.
Plant metabolic response to stress in an arid ecosystem is mediated by the presence of neighbors
Authors: Montesinos‐Navarro Alicia , López‐Climent Maria F. , Pérez‐Clemente Rosa M. , Arenas‐Sánchez Cristina , Sánchez‐Martín Ricardo , Gómez‐Cadenas Aurelio , Verdú Miguel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPlant neighbors in arid environments can ameliorate abiotic stress by reducing insolation, but they also attract herbivores and pathogens, especially when neighbors are close relatives that share similar antagonists. Plants' metabolic profiles provide a chemical fingerprint of the physiological processes behind plant responses to different environmental stresses. For example, abscisic acid and proline, mainly involved in stomatal closure and osmotic adjustment, can induce plant responses to abiotic stress, while jasmonic acid and salicylic acid primarily regulate plant defense to herbivory or pathogens. Neighbor plants can generate contrasting ecological contexts, modulating plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. We hypothesize that plant metabolic profile is modulated by its neighbors in a vegetation patch, expecting a higher investment in metabolites related to biotic‐stress tolerance (i.e., herbivory or pathogens) when growing associated with other plants, especially to phylogenetically close relatives, compared to plants growing alone. We show that plants from five species growing with neighbors invest more in biotic‐stress tolerance while their conspecifics, growing alone, invest more in abiotic‐stress tolerance. This tendency in plants' metabolic profiles was not affected by the phylogenetic diversity of their neighborhood. Linking physiological snapshots with community processes can contribute to elucidating metabolic profiles derived from plant–plant interactions.
Hydraulic fracturing method for relieving stress concentration in remaining coal pillar in overlying goaf
Authors: Shao Luying , Huang Bingxiang , Zhao Xinglong , Chen Shuliang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe stress concentration caused by the presence of the remaining coal pillar in the overlying goaf can easily cause large deformation of the roadway in the lower seam and other problems. To solve this problem, the reasons for stress concentration caused by the remaining coal pillar in the overlying goaf were analyzed. A hydraulic fracturing method for relieving stress concentration has been proposed. By using hydraulic fracturing technology to remove the hanging roof on both sides of the coal pillar and weaken the coal pillar system, high stress is transferred to the goaf. The degree of stress concentration in coal pillars and surrounding rock of roadway can be reduced by 47% and 26%, respectively. This method can also solve the stress concentration problem of the remaining ore pillar in the overlying goaf of the metal ore. This method has been applied in the coal mine. The deformation of the surrounding rock of the test roadway after hydraulic fracturing has been reduced by more than 60%.
Air quality forecasting‐driven cloud resource allocation for sustainable energy consumption: An ensemble classifier approach
Authors: Kandan M. , Jayasakthi Velmurugan K. , Gururama Senthilvel P. , Sathish Kumar N. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn recent times, air quality prediction is turned out to be one of the important research topics among research communities to prevent lives from negative health impacts. Random fluctuations of PM2.5 level brought about by frequent variations in meteorological factors create difficulties air pollution management. Forecasting the quality of air using time series data serves as a defense mechanism against threatening hazards by providing immense support to take preventive measures. Besides, handling dynamic real time workloads, forecasted by the prediction model requires appropriate computing resources to distribute workloads based on demands. To achieve this goal, this paper proposes a new Air Quality Prediction‐enabled Resource Allocation scheme for cloud‐based software services, which offers dynamic adjustment of resources based on workload demands with high energy efficiency. The proposed system is a two phase system that executes both air quality prediction and resource allocation processes consecutively. A new weighted average ensemble classifier is designed by combining support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural network (ANN), and gradient boosting machine (GBM) techniques to measure PM2.5 level on time series information of Beijing PM2.5 dataset. The system then dynamically allocates appropriate computing resources using crossover particle swarm optimization (CPSO) algorithm based on the forecasted results of PM2.5 level. This system has the potential to contribute significantly to reducing energy consumption and improving air quality in cities worldwide. The experimental results conducted to determine the efficiency of the proposed system in terms of different metrics proves that it achieves greater performance with less error functions for PM2.5 level prediction as well as minimizes energy consumption for resource allocation when compared with existing methods.
Nanofiltration Ceramic Membranes as a Feasible Two‐Pronged Approach toward Desalination and Lithium Recovery
Authors: Kirk Chin Ho , Chong Chiang Yon Douglas , Wang Xingyang , Sun Jianguo , Zhao Qi , Wang John 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCeramic membranes are taking center stage for separation technologies in water treatment. Among them, ceramic nanofiltration membranes are at the forefront of membrane technologies. The desalination of seawater using ceramic nanofiltration membranes is a potential application toward increasing the global water supply and tackling water scarcity. However, while the high fabrication cost poses a challenge to their large‐scale applications, high‐value separation applications can help to offset the overall cost. In this regard, ceramic nanofiltration membranes can also be explored as a viable option for high‐value lithium extraction from the waste seawater brine. In order to determine the potential of nanofiltration ceramic membranes for desalination and lithium recovery from seawater, the current efficiency of salt rejection across various operation parameters must be thoroughly evaluated. Specifically, the interactions between the Donnan exclusion, steric exclusion, zeta potential, and salt concentration play an important role in determining the salt rejection efficiency. Several strategies are then proposed to guide ceramic nanofiltration membranes toward potentially practical applications regarding desalination and lithium recovery.
Factors associated with public and private healthcare utilization for outpatient care among older adults in India: A Wagstaff's decomposition of Anderson's behavioural model
Authors: Rahaman Margubur , Roy Avijit , Chouhan Pradip , Kapasia Nanigopal , Muhammad T. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn India, an expanding ageing population will become a public health alarm, putting additional pressure on the healthcare system. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the factors associated with outpatient healthcare choices among older Indian adults. We used data from the first wave of the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI, 2017–2018). A total of 34,588 individuals (age 45 years and over) who accessed outpatient healthcare services in the last 12 months during the survey were included in this research. A bivariate chi‐square test was used to present the percentage distribution of types of outpatient healthcare utilisation by background characteristics. Multinomial logistic regression and Wagstaff's decomposition analyses were employed to explore the interplay of outpatient healthcare utilisation and allied predisposing, enabling, and need factors and examine these factors' contributions to the wealth‐based inequalities in public, private, and other healthcare utilisation. Outpatient healthcare utilisation varied significantly according to socioeconomic and demographic factors. The findings suggest that consumption quintiles, place of residence, education, and health insurance were significant determinants of private and public healthcare utilisation and contributed to wealth‐based inequalities in healthcare choices. The current study emphasises the need to strengthen and promote public healthcare services.