bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The assessment of segmental healing by the Modified Mayo Endoscopic Score (MMES) complements the prediction of long‐term clinical outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Lenfant Matthias , Verstockt Bram , Sabino João , Vermeire Séverine , Ferrante Marc 
Published: October 2023

SummaryBackground and aimsCurrent endoscopic scoring systems for ulcerative colitis (UC) do not consider the extent of mucosal inflammation. The modified Mayo endoscopic score (MMES) was developed to detect segmental endoscopic improvement. We evaluated the ability of the MMES to predict long‐term clinical outcomes and compared it to the widely used Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES).MethodsConsecutive patients with moderate to severe UC starting biological therapy were enrolled between January 2014 and September 2017 in this prospective observational study. A clinical and endoscopic evaluation was performed at baseline and at week 8/14. A modified Mayo score was used to grade clinical activity, MES and MMES were used to evaluate endoscopic activity. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the evolution of endoscopic activity, namely endoscopic improvement (MES ≤ 1), segmental endoscopic response only (MES > 1, but decrease in MMES ≥ 30%) or no endoscopic response (all others). Over the follow‐up period clinical relapse‐, discontinuation‐ and colectomy‐free survival were assessed.ResultsA total of 150 patients were included (48% female, median age 42 years, median disease duration 7 years) with a median follow‐up of 61 months. We identified 69 patients with endoscopic improvement, 27 with segmental endoscopic response and 54 without endoscopic response. Patients with segmental endoscopic response showed intermediate long‐term clinical outcomes as compared to the other two groups (log rank p = 0.003 for clinical relapse‐, and p < 0.001 for both discontinuation‐ and colectomy‐free survival).ConclusionsThe MMES exhibited a benefit in predicting long‐term outcome in UC even though endoscopic improvement remains the strongest predictor.
Investigating the impact of ‘dark nudges’ on drinking intentions: A between groups, randomized and online experimental study
Authors: Lewin Joel , Field Matt , Davies Emma 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study explored how ‘dark nudges’ (tactics used in alcohol industry‐funded responsible drinking campaigns) affect drinking intentions, perceived source credibility and whether individual differences in perceptions of prototypical drinkers moderated these effects.DesignTwo 2 × 2 between‐groups online experimental studies.MethodsStudy 1 (N = 164) presented three alcohol health messages per condition, comprising social norm (healthy/unhealthy (“dark nudge”)) by frame (loss/gain). Study 2 (N = 229) presented one message per condition, comprising cancer causality (single cause/multiple causes (dark nudge)) by funding disclosure (disclosure/non‐disclosure (dark nudge)). Outcomes were drinking intentions and perceived source credibility. Exploratory analyses considered prototype perceptions as a between‐subjects moderator.ResultsNo significant effects of message frame, social norm, fundi or multiple cancer causality arguments on drinking intentions were found. In Study 2, in the dark nudge multiple cancer causality conditions, perceived source credibility was high when funding was undisclosed, but significantly lower when it was disclosed. Exploratory analyses suggested effects were moderated by prototype similarity. In Study 1, higher perceived similarity to a heavy drinker and lower perceived similarity to a responsible drinker were associated with higher drinking intentions in the unhealthy norm/gain frame condition, but lower drinking intentions in the other conditions.ConclusionsFraming, social norm, funding disclosure and multiple causality manipulations as tested in this study did not exert a dark nudge effect on drinking intentions. However, the exploratory analyses suggest it could be hypothesised that the types of messages used in alcohol industry‐funded responsible drinking campaigns may result in greater drinking intentions among those who identify more as heavy drinkers and less as responsible drinkers. Perceived prototype similarity may be an important moderator of the impact of alcohol health messages that warrants further research. Study 2 suggests disclosure of industry funding guides judgements of the credibility of sources of misleading messages about alcohol and cancer.
A correlated traits correlated (methods – 1) multitrait‐multimethod model for augmented round‐robin data
Authors: Jendryczko David , Nussbeck Fridtjof W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe didactically derive a correlated traits correlated (methods – 1) [CTC(M – 1)] multitrait‐multimethod (MTMM) model for dyadic round‐robin data augmented by self‐reports. The model is an extension of the CTC(M – 1) model for cross‐classified data and can handle dependencies between raters and targets by including reciprocity covariance parameters that are inherent in augmented round‐robin designs. It can be specified as a traditional structural equation model. We present the variance decomposition as well as consistency and reliability coefficients. Moreover, we explain how to evaluate fit of a CTC(M – 1) model for augmented round‐robin data. In a simulation study, we explore the properties of the full information maximum likelihood estimation of the model. Model (mis)fit can be quite accurately detected with the test of not close fit and dynamic root mean square errors of approximation. Even with few small round‐robin groups, relative parameter estimation bias and coverage rates are satisfactory, but several larger round‐robin groups are needed to minimize relative parameter estimation inaccuracy. Further, neglecting the reciprocity covariance‐structure of the augmented round‐robin data does not severely bias the remaining parameter estimates. All analyses (including data, R scripts, and results) and the simulation study are provided in the Supporting Information. Implications and limitations are discussed.
The fitness consequences of wildlife conservation translocations: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Gross Iwo P. , Wilson Alan E. , Wolak Matthew E. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTConservation translocation is a common strategy to offset mounting rates of population declines through the transfer of captive‐ or wild‐origin organisms into areas where conspecific populations are imperilled or completely extirpated. Translocations that supplement existing populations are referred to as reinforcements and can be conducted using captive‐origin animals [ex situ reinforcement (ESR)] or wild‐origin animals without any captive ancestry [in situ reinforcement (ISR)]. These programs have been criticized for low success rates and husbandry practices that produce individuals with genetic and performance deficits, but the post‐release performance of captive‐origin or wild‐origin translocated groups has not been systematically reviewed to quantify success relative to wild‐resident control groups. To assess the disparity in post‐release performance of translocated organisms relative to wild‐resident conspecifics and examine the association of performance disparity with organismal and methodological factors across studies, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of 821 performance comparisons from 171 studies representing nine animal classes (101 species). We found that translocated organisms have 64% decreased odds of out‐performing their wild‐resident counterparts, supporting claims of systemic issues hampering conservation translocations. To help identify translocation practices that could maximize program success in the future, we further quantified the impact of broad organismal and methodological factors on the disparity between translocated and wild‐resident conspecific performance. Pre‐release animal enrichment significantly reduced performance disparities, whereas our results suggest no overall effects of taxonomic group, sex, captive generation time, or the type of fitness surrogate measured. This work is the most comprehensive systematic review to date of animal conservation translocations in which wild conspecifics were used as comparators, thereby facilitating an evaluation of the overall impact of this conservation strategy and identifying specific actions to increase success. Our review highlights the need for conservation managers to include both sympatric and allopatric wild‐reference groups to ensure the post‐release performance of translocated animals can be evaluated. Further, our analyses identify pre‐release animal enrichment as a particular strategy for improving the outcomes of animal conservation translocations, and demonstrate how meta‐analysis can be used to identify implementation choices that maximize translocated animal contributions to recipient population growth and viability.
Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and repercussions on neurodevelopment: A systematic review
Authors: Merino‐Andrés Javier , Pérez‐Nombela Soraya , Álvarez‐Bueno Celia , Hidalgo‐Robles Álvaro , Ruiz‐Becerro Irene , Fernández‐Rego Francisco Javier 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAccumulation of bilirubin above normal levels is considered a neurological risk factor for both premature and full‐term newborns. This systematic review aimed to determine the effect of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia on neurodevelopment in preterm and full‐term newborns.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus and Lilacs databases were searched for articles published until 1 June 2022. The quality of cohort and case–control studies was assessed with the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale, and the MINCir scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality of therapy studies or the therapeutic procedures. Premature neonates without neurological conditions and those born at term with hyperbilirubinemia as the sole risk factor were included. Studies reporting one or more neurodevelopmental outcomes were included with an inter‐group comparison of a hyperbilirubinemia group versus a non‐hyperbilirubinemia or non‐pathological hyperbilirubinemia group. The main outcomes were auditory function, visual function, cognitive function, motor function, behavior, global development and neurological risk.ResultsThe search identified 951 studies, 19 of which (n = 2210 newborns) were finally included. Fifteen of the cohort and case–control studies presented low risk of bias, and six studies showed high methodological quality. Within the preterm population, hyperbilirubinemia as the sole risk factor was not shown to affect neurodevelopment. Auditory, neurological and motor development alterations were found in the population of full‐term newborns with hyperbilirubinemia, which were more evident during the first year of life.ConclusionsElevated bilirubin levels may be a trigger for the onset of neurodevelopmental disorders in full‐term infants during the first year of life. More studies are warranted in the preterm population with hyperbilirubinemia to draw conclusions about its impact on their neurodevelopment.
Radiographic alveolar bone assessment in correlation with primary implant stability: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Putra Ramadhan Hardani , Cooray Upul , Nurrachman Aga Satria , Yoda Nobuhiro , Judge Roy , Putri Dina Karimah , Astuti Eha Renwi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe radiographic examination of alveolar bone using 3D radiographic examination is essential in dental implant treatment planning. Our study aimed to systematically review and quantitatively analyze the correlation between alveolar bone parameters, specifically bone density and cortical bone thickness, assessed using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and/or multidetector computed tomography (MDCT); and primary implant stability (PIS) determined using implant stability quotient (ISQ), Periotest® value (PTV), and insertion torque value (ITV).MethodsThis review was registered in the PROSPERO database (registration number CRD42022307245). An electronic literature search was conducted on the PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases for papers published until February 2022. The Quality Assessment in Prognostic Studies (QUIPS) tool was used to assess risk of bias. Meta‐analyses were conducted to calculate the estimated average correlation coefficient based on a multilevel random‐effects model, followed by subgroup analysis.ResultsTwenty‐six studies were included in this review, consisting of 17 prospective cohort studies, eight retrospective cohort studies, and one nonrandomized controlled trial. A total of 3109 implants placed in 1171 subjects were analyzed. Twenty‐three studies were evaluated using meta‐analysis. The alveolar bone condition was significantly correlated with ISQ (r = 0.60; p < .001), IT (r = 0.52; p < .001), and PTV (r = −0.42; p < .05).ConclusionAlveolar bone condition is significantly associated with PIS. Low bone density and thin cortical bone can lead to low PIS; therefore, modification of treatment planning and surgical procedures might be needed to avoid poor osseointegration.
Increased rates of contact allergy to selected preservatives in patients with allergic contact dermatitis in Turkey
Authors: Sürgün Ece , Boyvat Ayşe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPreservatives are a frequent cause of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and have caused numerous epidemics.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of preservative sensitivity, assess the change in the frequency of sensitivity, identify new preservatives with increased sensitivity rates, and evaluate the situation in Turkey by comparing our findings with current literature.MethodsA total of 201 patients diagnosed with ACD between 2018 and 2020, were patch tested with the European baseline series and additional seven preservative haptens. The change in the prevalence of sensitivity to each preservative hapten was investigated by comparing the data from the study conducted in our department between 2000 and 2004.ResultsResults showed that 17.4% (n = 35) of the patients were positive to preservatives. Comparison with previous data from 2000 to 2004 revealed an increase in the frequency of sensitization. The most prevalent allergen was methyldibromo glutaronitrile (9.5%), followed by methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (6.5%), and methylisothiazolinone (5%).ConclusionThe increase in preservative sensitivity in Turkey is the most remarkable finding. Although MDBGN was prohibited in cosmetic products, MCI/MI and MI are still widely used. Our findings suggest that awareness of preservative sensitivity should be increased and additional precautions should be taken, also in Turkey, regarding the use of preservatives.
Aspiration and coagulation to reduce risk of delayed bleeding after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (with video)
Authors: Tang Yufen , Xie Hui , Yang Lang , Zhang Jie , Ma Xianzong , Xu Junfeng , He Yuqi , Sheng Jian‐qiu , Jin Peng 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a simple method named aspiration and coagulation (AC) for reducing the risk of postoperative bleeding after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).MethodsData were retrospectively reviewed and collected from the medical records and endoscopic and pathologic reports about consecutive patients who underwent ESD for early gastric cancer or precancerous lesions or gastric submucosal lesions from January 2016 to December 2021 at the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital. Enrolled patients who underwent the AC method during ESD were included in the AC group, and the others were included in the control group. Propensity score (PS) matching (1:1 match) was used to compensate for the differences that might affect post‐ESD bleeding. Massive hemorrhage and overall delayed bleeding events after gastric ESD were compared between the two groups.ResultsPropensity score matching analysis created 242 matched pairs in the study. Characteristics of the subjects such as age and use of antithrombotic drugs were all similar between the two groups after PS matching. The rate of massive hemorrhage and overall delayed bleeding was both significantly lower in the AC group than in the control (0.4% vs. 3.3% for massive hemorrhage, P = 0.037, and 1.2% vs. 5.0% for overall delayed bleeding, P = 0.032), predominantly in mucosal lesions (0.6% vs. 4.4% for massive hemorrhage, P = 0.032, and 1.2% vs. 5.6% for overall delayed bleeding, P = 0.031).ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that the AC method effectively decreased delayed bleeding events after ESD.
Investigating the effectiveness of gamification on supply chain operations knowledge and practice
Authors: Oke Adegoke , Marfo John Serbe , Kull Thomas , Rogers Dale , Asare Marfo Afia Frimpomaa , Noor Mohammed Hassan , Mishra SudHanshu , McHenry Bridget , Raj Sharmila 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe use of gamification to enhance learning in education has been well documented. However, little is known about whether gamification can impact supply chain management knowledge and behaviors among healthcare professionals. In this study, we tested the effectiveness of a simulation app (ShipShape) designed and developed to gamify the fundamental concepts of supply chain management. We field tested the effectiveness of the app to impact knowledge gain and supply chain practice by asking healthcare professionals to use the app in their day‐to‐day operations. We collected longitudinal data spanning the period before and after the introduction of the app. The analysis and results of different types of data collected provide support for the positive impact of the app on both supply chain knowledge and practice among healthcare professionals.
The role of phenotypic plasticity in shaping ecological networks
Authors: Gómez José M. , González‐Megías Adela , Armas Cristina , Narbona Eduardo , Navarro Luis , Perfectti Francisco 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlasticity‐mediated changes in interaction dynamics and structure may scale up and affect the ecological network in which the plastic species are embedded. Despite their potential relevance for understanding the effects of plasticity on ecological communities, these effects have seldom been analysed. We argue here that, by boosting the magnitude of intra‐individual phenotypic variation, plasticity may have three possible direct effects on the interactions that the plastic species maintains with other species in the community: may expand the interaction niche, may cause a shift from one interaction niche to another or may even cause the colonization of a new niche. The combined action of these three factors can scale to the community level and eventually expresses itself as a modification in the topology and functionality of the entire ecological network. We propose that this causal pathway can be more widespread than previously thought and may explain how interaction niches evolve quickly in response to rapid changes in environmental conditions. The implication of this idea is not solely eco‐evolutionary but may also help to understand how ecological interactions rewire and evolve in response to global change.
Eco‐evolutionary maintenance of diversity in fluctuating environments
Authors: Yamamichi Masato , Letten Andrew D. , Schreiber Sebastian J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGrowing evidence suggests that temporally fluctuating environments are important in maintaining variation both within and between species. To date, however, studies of genetic variation within a population have been largely conducted by evolutionary biologists (particularly population geneticists), while population and community ecologists have concentrated more on diversity at the species level. Despite considerable conceptual overlap, the commonalities and differences of these two alternative paradigms have yet to come under close scrutiny. Here, we review theoretical and empirical studies in population genetics and community ecology focusing on the ‘temporal storage effect’ and synthesise theories of diversity maintenance across different levels of biological organisation. Drawing on Chesson's coexistence theory, we explain how temporally fluctuating environments promote the maintenance of genetic variation and species diversity. We propose a further synthesis of the two disciplines by comparing models employing traditional frequency‐dependent dynamics and those adopting density‐dependent dynamics. We then address how temporal fluctuations promote genetic and species diversity simultaneously via rapid evolution and eco‐evolutionary dynamics. Comparing and synthesising ecological and evolutionary approaches will accelerate our understanding of diversity maintenance in nature.
Effects of singular and non‐singular stress fields on very high cycle fatigue life of adhesive joints
Authors: Pederbelli Davide , Tridello Andrea , Paolino Davide Salvatore , Goglio Luca 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSingular stress fields represent a concern during the design of mechanical connections as they could trigger cracks within the joint, under low‐amplitude loads, generating failures and reducing its service life. Appropriate design plans should therefore be implemented to produce more reliable apparatus. This paper explores the effects induced by both the presence and the absence of stress singularities on the very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) performance of adhesively bonded butt joints through analytical, numerical, and experimental methods. Analytical models defined the conditions to design a stress singularity‐free joint, global–local finite element descriptions studied the stress distributions in detail, and then VHCF experiments extracted S–N outcomes. The suitability of this approach is confirmed numerically while a substantial increase of the joint life is experimentally observed if the singularity is removed. Nonetheless, a non‐singular configuration leads to higher scatter data compared to the original specimen configuration.
Short seller monitoring and real earnings management
Authors: Cai Tianyu , Guo Lixiong , Tan Yongxian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractExploiting an exogenous shock to short selling costs brought by the RegSHO, we find that short seller monitoring restrains real earnings management (REM). The effect is concentrated in firms facing a lower cost of REM than accruals management. Litigation risk and reduced CEO wealth gain from REM are two plausible channels through which short seller monitoring deters REM. Lastly, we find that short interests on stocks of treated firms increase after the announcement of the RegSHO relative to that on stocks of control firms, and the increase is concentrated in the subsample of treated firms with signs of REM.