bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Removal of chromium from tannery industry wastewater using iron-based electrocoagulation process: experimental; kinetics; isotherm and economical studies
Authors: El-Gawad Heba A. , Hassan Gamal K. , Aboelghait Karim M. , Mahmoud Walaa H. , Mohamed R. M. , Afify Ahmed A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChromium is a hazardous compound from industrial processes, known for its toxicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity, and carcinogenicity. Chemical methods are efficient but cost-effective alternatives with reduced sludge are sought. Electro-coagulation, utilizing low-cost iron plate electrodes, was explored for factual tannery wastewater treatment in this manuscript. Operating parameters such as initial chromium concentration, voltage, electrode number, operating time, agitation speed and current density has been studied to evaluate the treatment effeciency. Under optimal conditions (15 V, 0.4 mA/cm2, 200 rpm, 330 ppm chromium, 8 iron electrodes with a total surface area of 0.1188 m2, 3 h), chromium elimination was 98.76%. Iron anode consumption, power use, and operating cost were 0.99 gm/L, 0.0143 kW-h/L, and 160 EGP/kg of chromium eliminated, respectively. Kinetics studies were pursued first-order reaction (97.99% correlation), and Langmuir isotherms exhibited strong conformity (Langmuir R2: 99.99%). A predictive correlation for chromium elimination (R2: 97.97%) was developed via statistical regression. At HARBY TANNERY factory in Egypt, industrial sewage treatment achieved a final chromium disposal rate of 98.8% under optimized conditions.
Optically induced resonant tunneling of electrons in nanostructures
Authors: Boev M. V. , Kovalev V. M. , Kibis O. V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe developed the theory of elastic electron tunneling through a potential barrier driven by a strong high-frequency electromagnetic field. It is demonstrated that the driven barrier can be considered as a stationary two-barrier potential which contains the quasi-stationary electron states confined between these two barriers. When the energy of an incident electron coincides with the energy of the quasi-stationary state, the driven barrier becomes fully transparent for the electron (the resonant tunneling). The developed theory is applied to describe electron transport through a quantum point contact irradiated by an electromagnetic wave.
Variations of intronic branchpoint motif: identification and functional implications in splicing and disease
Authors: Xie Jiuyong , Wang Lili , Lin Ren-Jang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe branchpoint (BP) motif is an essential intronic element for spliceosomal pre-mRNA splicing. In mammals, its sequence composition, distance to the downstream exon, and number of BPs per 3´ splice site are highly variable, unlike the GT/AG dinucleotides at the intron ends. These variations appear to provide evolutionary advantages for fostering alternative splicing, satisfying more diverse cellular contexts, and promoting resilience to genetic changes, thus contributing to an extra layer of complexity for gene regulation. Importantly, variants in the BP motif itself or in genes encoding BP-interacting factors cause human genetic diseases or cancers, highlighting the critical function of BP motif and the need to precisely identify functional BPs for faithful interpretation of their roles in splicing. In this perspective, we will succinctly summarize the major findings related to BP motif variations, discuss the relevant issues/challenges, and provide our insights.
Inhibition of smooth muscle cell death by Angiotensin 1-7 protects against abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Jadli Anshul S. , Gomes Karina P. , Ballasy Noura N. , Wijesuriya Tishani Methsala , Belke Darrell , Fedak Paul W.M. , Patel Vaibhav B. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) represents a debilitating vascular disease characterized by aortic dilatation and wall rupture if it remains untreated. We aimed to determine the effects of Ang 1-7 in a murine model of AAA and to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved. Eight- to 10-week-old apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (ApoEKO) were infused with Ang II (1.44 mg/kg/day, s.c.) and treated with Ang 1-7 (0.576 mg/kg/day, i.p.). Echocardiographic and histological analyses showed abdominal aortic dilatation and extracellular matrix remodeling in Ang II-infused mice. Treatment with Ang 1-7 led to suppression of Ang II-induced aortic dilatation in the abdominal aorta. The immunofluorescence imaging exhibited reduced smooth muscle cell (SMC) density in the abdominal aorta. The abdominal aortic SMCs from ApoEKO mice exhibited markedly increased apoptosis in response to Ang II. Ang 1-7 attenuated cell death, as evident by increased SMC density in the aorta and reduced annexin V/propidium iodide-positive cells in flow cytometric analysis. Gene expression analysis for contractile and synthetic phenotypes of abdominal SMCs showed preservation of contractile phenotype by Ang 1-7 treatment. Molecular analyses identified increased mitochondrial fission, elevated cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and apoptosis-associated proteins, including cytochrome c, in Ang II-treated aortic SMCs. Ang 1-7 mitigated Ang II-induced mitochondrial fission, ROS generation, and levels of pro-apoptotic proteins, resulting in decreased cell death of aortic SMCs. These results highlight a critical vasculo-protective role of Ang 1-7 in a degenerative aortic disease; increased Ang 1-7 activity may provide a promising therapeutic strategy against the progression of AAA.
Complications des chirurgies d’ostéosynthèse chez le cheval
Authors: Aimonetti Emma , Vercherin Anouk , Rossignol Fabrice 
Published: November 2023

Les chirurgies d’ostéosynthèse par suite de fractures sont des chirurgies d’urgence. Que le pronostic sportif soit favorable ou que la procédure soit salvatrice et mette un terme à la carrière d’athlète du patient, ces procédures requièrent des connaissances anatomiques et techniques considérables. L’anticipation de leurs complications est possible dès la prise en charge du patient sur le terrain. La gestion de la douleur dans les phases pré- et postopératoires permet de prévenir la survenue de certaines complications.
L’infection du site chirurgical et la fourbure du membre controlatéral sont les complications graves les plus courantes.
La gestion de l’infection des implants implique le retrait de ces derniers, et diverses stratégies peuvent permettre de retarder cette échéance jusqu’à la cicatrisation de la fracture.
D’une manière générale en chirurgie d’ostéosynthèse, une complication infectieuse double le coût et divise le pronostic par deux.
Fiche technique : Gestion de l’élevage en cas de confirmation d’un avortement à herpèsvirus
Authors: d’Ablon Xavier 
Published: November 2023

En cas d’avortement à herpèsvirus dans un haras, des mesures immédiates et rigoureuses doivent s’appliquer pour éviter la transmission directe ou indirecte du virus. Les mesures d’isolement d’hygiène et de restriction de mouvements sont mises en place pendant 28 jours après le dernier cas.
Prüfungsthema: Büromensch
Authors: Schmid Eva C. 
Published: November 2023

SummaryLiebe Heilpraktikeranwärter – mit diesen Karteikarten wollen wir Sie bei der Vorbereitung auf die mündliche Heilpraktikerüberprüfung unterstützen. Viel Erfolg beim Lernen wünscht Ihnen HP Eva C. Schmid!
Einsamkeit: Aus der Isolation ins Vertrauen
Authors: Textor Reinhard 
Published: November 2023

SummaryEinsamkeit betrifft laut Umfragen fast die Hälfte der Menschen, ist jedoch keine Diagnose, sondern ein subjektives Gefühl mit zum Teil hohem Leidensdruck und Risiken für weitere Erkrankungen. Man unterscheidet intime (Partnerschaft), soziale (Freunde, Bekannte) und kollektive (Gesellschaft) Einsamkeit. Im vorgestellten Fall konnte der Klient, der sich in der Kindheit in den Schutzraum der Nacht flüchtete und später fast komplett isolierte, die Therapiestunden als Übungsfeld nutzen, um wieder Vertrauen und Kontakt aufzubauen.
Dysmenorrhö: Entlastung auf dem Fußweg
Authors: Neumann Sabine , Sirocko Sigrid 
Published: November 2023

SummaryDie Reflexzonentherapie am Fuß – hier: Hanne-Marquardt-Fussreflex®-Methode –projiziert einen sitzenden Menschen aufden Fuß und setzt über diese Analogie Reflexzonen mit den zugehörigen Organen und Strukturen in Beziehung – mit entsprechend bewährten Diagnostik- und Therapieoptionen. Die sanft schwingenden und haltenden Grifftechniken nehmen neben den vorgetragenen Beschwerden auch immer die Gesamtsituation einschließlich Hormon- und Stressgeschehen in den Blick und orientieren sich in ihrer Intensität an der unmittelbaren Schmerzreaktion der Patienten. Im vorgestellten Fall gingen massive Menstruationsschmerzen mit Kreislaufstörungen im Rahmen wöchentlicher Behandlungen bis in den unauffälligen Bereich zurück, was der Patientin wieder eine normale Teilhabe am Alltag ermöglichte.
Quantitative 4D flow MRI-derived thoracic aortic normal values of 2D flow MRI parameters in healthy volunteers
Authors: Ebel Sebastian , Kühn Alexander , Köhler Benjamin , Behrendt Benjamin , Riekena Boris , Preim Bernhard , Denecke Timm , Grothoff Matthias , Gutberlet Matthias 
Published: November 2023

Purpose To utilize 4 D flow MRI to acquire normal values of “conventional 2 D flow MRI parameters” in healthy volunteers in order to replace multiple single 2 D flow measurements with a single 4 D flow acquisition.
Materials and Methods A kt-GRAPPA accelerated 4 D flow sequence was used. Flow volumes were assessed by forward (FFV), backward (BFV), and net flow volumes (NFV) [ml/heartbeat] and flow velocities by axial (VAX) and absolute velocity (VABS) [m/s] in 116 volunteers (58 females, 43 ± 13 years). The aortic regurgitant fraction (RF) was calculated.
Results The sex-neutral mean FFV, BFV, NFV, and RF in the ascending aorta were 93.5 ± 14.8, 3.6 ± 2.8, 89.9 ± 0.6 ml/heartbeat, and 3.9 ± 2.9 %, respectively. Significantly higher values were seen in males regarding FFV, BFV, NFV and RF, but there was no sex dependency regarding VAX and VABS. The mean maximum VAX was lower (1.01 ± 0.31 m/s) than VABS (1.23 ± 0.35 m/s). We were able to determine normal ranges for all intended parameters.
Conclusion This study provides quantitative 4 D flow-derived thoracic aortic normal values of 2 D flow parameters in healthy volunteers. FFV, BFV, NFV, and VAX did not differ significantly from single 2 D flow acquisitions and could therefore replace time-consuming multiple single 2 D flow acquisitions. VABS should not be used interchangeably.
Key points:
Identification of impactful imaging biomarker: Clinical applications for breast and prostate carcinoma
Authors: Bäuerle Tobias , Dietzel Matthias , Pinker Katja , Bonekamp David , Zhang Kevin S. , Schlemmer Heinz-Peter , Bannas Peter , Cyran Clemens C. , Eisenblätter Michel , Hilger Ingrid , Jung Caroline , Schick Fritz , Wegner Franz , Kiessling Fabian 
Published: November 2023

Background Imaging biomarkers are quantitative parameters from imaging modalities, which are collected noninvasively, allow conclusions about physiological and pathophysiological processes, and may consist of single (monoparametric) or multiple parameters (bi- or multiparametric).
Method This review aims to present the state of the art for the quantification of multimodal and multiparametric imaging biomarkers. Here, the use of biomarkers using artificial intelligence will be addressed and the clinical application of imaging biomarkers in breast and prostate cancers will be explained. For the preparation of the review article, an extensive literature search was performed based on Pubmed, Web of Science and Google Scholar. The results were evaluated and discussed for consistency and generality.
Results and Conclusion Different imaging biomarkers (multiparametric) are quantified based on the use of complementary imaging modalities (multimodal) from radiology, nuclear medicine, or hybrid imaging. From these techniques, parameters are determined at the morphological (e. g., size), functional (e. g., vascularization or diffusion), metabolic (e. g., glucose metabolism), or molecular (e. g., expression of prostate specific membrane antigen, PSMA) level. The integration and weighting of imaging biomarkers are increasingly being performed with artificial intelligence, using machine learning algorithms. In this way, the clinical application of imaging biomarkers is increasing, as illustrated by the diagnosis of breast and prostate cancers.
Key Points

Citation Format
Imaging-based characterization of tumoral heterogeneity for personalized cancer treatment
Authors: Haag Florian , Hertel Alexander , Tharmaseelan Hishan , Kuru Mustafa , Haselmann Verena , Brochhausen Christoph , Schönberg Stefan O , Froelich Matthias F 
Published: November 2023

With personalized tumor therapy, understanding and addressing the heterogeneity of malignant tumors is becoming increasingly important. Heterogeneity can be found within one lesion (intralesional) and between several tumor lesions emerging from one primary tumor (interlesional). The heterogeneous tumor cells may show a different response to treatment due to their biology, which in turn influences the outcome of the affected patients and the choice of therapeutic agents. Therefore, both intra- and interlesional heterogeneity should be addressed at the diagnostic stage. While genetic and biological heterogeneity are important parameters in molecular tumor characterization and in histopathology, they are not yet addressed routinely in medical imaging. This article summarizes the recently established markers for tumor heterogeneity in imaging as well as heterogeneous/mixed response to therapy. Furthermore, a look at emerging markers is given. The ultimate goal of this overview is to provide comprehensive understanding of tumor heterogeneity and its implications for radiology and for communication with interdisciplinary teams in oncology.
Key points:
Ängstlichkeit, Depressivität, psychische Belastung
und Körperbeschwerden vor und nach der Covid-19-Pandemie in einer
deutschen Längsschnittstudie bei Erwachsenen aus Sachsen
Authors: Berth Hendrik , Brähler Elmar , Braunheim Lisa , Zenger Markus , Stöbel-Richter Yve , Emmerich Franziska , Richter Ernst Peter , Irmscher Lisa 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Es wird untersucht, ob es im Zuge der Coronapandemie zu
einer Erhöhung der psychischen Belastung in einer deutschen
Normalbevölkerungsstichprobe Erwachsener aus Sachsen kommt.
Methodik 2017/2018 und 2022 wurden je N=289
Teilnehmer:innen (54,7% weiblich) der Sächsischen
Längsschnittstudie mittels Fragebögen (PHQ-4, SSS-8) zu ihrem
psychischen Befinden befragt.
Ergebnisse Im Vergleich von 2017/2018 zu 2022 kommt es zu einer
signifikanten Zunahme der Beschwerden (Ängstlichkeit,
Depressivität, psychische Belastung, Körperbeschwerden) mit
Effektstärken im kleinen und mittleren Bereich (Cohens
d=0.26-0.62).
Schlussfolgerung Die Datenerhebung erfolgte nicht aufgrund der Pandemie
sondern routinemäßig in einer existierenden
Langzeituntersuchung. Die Coronapandemie führte in einer
sächsischen, altershomogenen Stichprobe längsschnittlich zu
einem Anstieg der psychischen Belastung und der Körperbeschwerden.
Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnancy after Bariatric Surgery: Etiology, Risk Factors, and How to Manage It
Authors: Amaral-Moreira Carolina de Freitas Alves , Redezuk Guilherme , Pereira Belmiro Gonçalves , Borovac-Pinheiro Anderson , Rehder Patricia Moretti 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective Pregnancy after bariatric surgery is a reality of the 21st century and therefore is essential that all obstetricians know how to manage it. The most prevalent nutritional deficiency is iron deficiency and, consequently, anemia. Although bariatric surgery and pregnancy are already risk factors for anemia, we evaluated in our study if there were any other risk factors and actions to improve hemoglobin levels in this population.
Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study, and performed frequency measurements and analyzes of odds ratio, X2 and Fisher exact test to evaluate the risk factors.
Results We evaluated 44 pregnancies after bariatric surgery, with an incidence of anemia of 62%, and the only identifiable risk factor for anemia was being black. As for the treatment, the iron salt used for oral supplementation did not associate with anemia risk, and in 27% of the patients, the adjustment of the oral dosage was enough for improvement in hemoglobin levels, but in 36% supplementation with intravenous iron was necessary.
Conclusion Being black is a risk factor for anemia. The type of iron salt does not correlate with the incidence of anemia, and for the treatment and improvement of iron dosages, it seems an effective increase in iron intake.
Thyroid Volume in Pregnancy is Associated with Parity, Gestational Age, and Body Mass Index in an Iodine-sufficient Area
Authors: Monteiro Mariana Couto , Assayag Gabriela , Botler Ricardo , Bergamin Anice , Conceição Flávia Lúcia , Silva de Morais Nathalie , Seixas Roberto Perrota de , Berbara Tatiana Martins Benvenuto Louro , Schtscherbyna Annie , Corcino Carolina Martins , Saraiva Débora Ayres , Vaisman Mário , Teixeira Patrícia Fátima Santos 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective We compared thyroid volume (TV) and presence of nodular goiter (NG) in pregnant vs. non-pregnant women in an iodine-sufficient area. We also evaluated the relationship between gestational age, parity, and TV in the pregnant women group, and determined the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles of normal TV in pregnancy.
Methods This cross-sectional study included 299 healthy women (216 pregnant) without previous thyroid diseases. Thyroid ultrasounds were performed and compared between pregnant and non-pregnant women. The range of normal distribution of TV (2.5th and 97.5th percentiles) in pregnancy was determined after excluding individuals with positive thyroid antibodies, NG, and/or abnormal serum thyrotropin (TSH) or free thyroxine (FT4).
Results Thyroid volume was larger among pregnant compared to non-pregnant women (8.6 vs 6.1 cm3; p < 0.001) and was positively correlated with gestational age (rs = 0.221; p = 0.001), body mass index (BMI, rs 0.165; p = 0.002), and FT4 levels (rs 0.118 p = 0.021). Nodular goiter frequency did not differ between the two groups. There was a negative correlation between TV and TSH (rs -0.13; p = 0.014). Thyroid volume was lower among primiparous compared to multiparous patients (7.8 vs 8.9; p < 0.001) and was positively correlated with parity (rs 0.161; p = 0.016). The 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles of TV were 4.23 and 16.47 cm3, respectively.
Conclusion Thyroid volume was higher in pregnant compared to non-pregnant women and was positively related to parity, BMI, and gestational age in a normal iodine status population. Pregnancy did not interfere with the development of NG.
The dialectic of desire: AI chatbots and the desire not to know
Authors: Black Jack 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExploring the relationship between humans and AI chatbots, as well as the ethical concerns surrounding their use, this paper argues that our relations with chatbots are not solely based on their function as a source of knowledge, but, rather, on the desire for the subject not to know. It is argued that, outside of the very fears and anxieties that underscore our adoption of AI, the desire not to know reveals the potential to embrace the very loss AI avers. Consequently, rather than proposing a knowledge that seeks to disavow loss, we can instead recognize the potential in loss itself: an opportunity to assert and define the gap inherent to both the subject and AI we create.
A versatile and narrow linewidth infrared radiation source for ro-vibration state-selected preparation of molecules in molecular beams
Authors: Kumar Avinash , Singh Saurabh Kumar , Shirhatti Pranav R. 
Published: November 2023

We describe the design and characterization of a versatile pulsed (5 ns, 10 Hz repetition rate) optical parametric oscillator and amplifier system capable of generating single longitudinal mode, narrow linewidth (0.01 cm−1) radiations in the wavelength range of 680–870 nm and 1380–4650 nm. Using a combination of power-normalized photoacoustic signal and a Fizeau interferometer-based wavemeter, we are able to actively stabilize the output wavenumber to within 0.005 cm−1 (3σ) over a timescale longer than 1000 s. We demonstrate an application of this system by performing ro-vibration state-selected preparation of CO in the v = 2 state, via direct overtone excitation (v = 0 → 2 at 2346 nm) and subsequent state-selected detection in an internally cold molecular beam.
From ab initio to continuum: Linking multiple scales using deep-learned forces
Authors: Wu Haiyi , Liang Chenxing , Jeong Jinu , Aluru N. R. 
Published: November 2023

We develop a deep learning-based algorithm, called DeepForce, to link ab initio physics with the continuum theory to predict concentration profiles of confined water. We show that the deep-learned forces can be used to predict the structural properties of water confined in a nanochannel with quantum scale accuracy by solving the continuum theory given by Nernst–Planck equation. The DeepForce model has an excellent predictive performance with a relative error less than 7.6% not only for confined water in small channel systems (L &lt; 6 nm) but also for confined water in large channel systems (L = 20 nm) which are computationally inaccessible through the high accuracy ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Finally, we note that classical Molecular dynamics simulations can be inaccurate in capturing the interfacial physics of water in confinement (L &lt; 4.0 nm) when quantum scale physics are neglected.
A convenient and robust design for diamond-based scanning probe microscopes
Authors: Chen Zhousheng , Ding Zhe , Wang Mengqi , Yu Pei , Yang Kai , Sun Yumeng , Wang Pengfei , Wang Ya , Shi Fazhan , Bao Xinhe , Du Jiangfeng 
Published: November 2023

Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond have been developed as a sensitive magnetic sensor and broadly applied on condensed matter physics. We present a design of a scanning probe microscope based on a nitrogen-vacancy center that can operate under various experimental conditions, including a broad temperature range (20–500 K) and a high-vacuum condition (1 × 10−7 mbar). The design of a compact and robust scanning head and vacuum chamber system is presented, which ensures system stability while enabling the convenience of equipment operations. By showcasing the temperature control performance and presenting confocal images of a single-layer graphene and a diamond probe, along with images of a ferromagnetic strip and an epitaxial BiFeO3 film on the SrTiO3 substrate, we demonstrate the reliability of the instrument. Our study proposes a method and a corresponding design for this microscope that extends its potential applications in nanomagnetism and spintronics.