bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying the combined impacts of anthropogenic CO2 emissions and watershed alteration on estuary acidification at biologically-relevant time scales: a case study from Tillamook Bay, OR, USA
Authors: Pacella Stephen R. , Brown Cheryl A. , Kaldy James E. , Labiosa Rochelle G. , Hales Burke , Mochon Collura T Chris , Waldbusser George G. 
Published: February 2024

The impacts of ocean acidification (OA) on coastal water quality have been subject to intensive research in the past decade, but how emissions-driven OA combines with human modifications of coastal river inputs to affect estuarine acidification dynamics is less well understood. This study presents a methodology for quantifying the synergistic water quality impacts of OA and riverine acidification on biologically-relevant timescales through a case study from a small, temperate estuary influenced by coastal upwelling and watershed development. We characterized the dynamics and drivers of carbonate chemistry in Tillamook Bay, OR (USA), along with its coastal ocean and riverine end-members, through a series of synoptic samplings and continuous water quality monitoring from July 2017 to July 2018. Synoptic river sampling showed acidification and increased CO2 content in areas with higher proportions of watershed anthropogenic land use. We propagated the impacts of 1). the observed riverine acidification, and 2). modeled OA changes to incoming coastal ocean waters across the full estuarine salinity spectrum and quantified changes in estuarine carbonate chemistry at a 15-minute temporal resolution. The largest magnitude of acidification (-1.4 pHT units) was found in oligo- and mesohaline portions of the estuary due to the poor buffering characteristics of these waters, and was primarily driven by acidified riverine inputs. Despite this, emissions-driven OA is responsible for over 94% of anthropogenic carbon loading to Tillamook Bay and the dominant driver of acidification across most of the estuary due to its large tidal prism and relatively small river discharges. This dominance of ocean-sourced anthropogenic carbon challenges the efficacy of local management actions to ameliorate estuarine acidification impacts. Despite the relatively large acidification effects experienced in Tillamook Bay (-0.16 to -0.23 pHT units) as compared with typical open ocean change (approximately -0.1 pHT units), observations of estuarine pHT would meet existing state standards for pHT. Our analytical framework addresses pressing needs for water quality assessment and coastal resilience strategies to differentiate the impacts of anthropogenic acidification from natural variability in dynamic estuarine systems.
Signature of the anthropogenic impacts on the epipelagic microbiome of the North-Western Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea)
Authors: Trapella Giulia , Scicchitano Daniel , Foresto Lucia , Dell’Acqua Andrea Nicoló , Radaelli Elena , Turroni Silvia , Rampelli Simone , Corinaldesi Cinzia , Palladino Giorgia , Candela Marco 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionIn our paper, we explored the impact of different anthropogenic stressors, namely, mussel farming, methane extraction platforms, and summer mass tourism, on the epipelagic microbiomes of the North-Western Adriatic Sea.MethodsBy 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we provided the epipelagic microbiome layout from selected sites corresponding to each of the considered impacts. As an unimpacted reference, we used already published 16S rRNA sequencing data.ResultsAccording to our findings, each one of the anthropogenic stressors resulted in a peculiar increase of specific epipelagic microbial components, including copiotrophic R-strategists and host-restricted bacteria, as well as some pathobiome components, the latter being detected exclusively in impacted sites. Particularly, potentially harmful pathogenic species such as Legionella impletisoli and Staphylococcus epidermidis have been detected in proximity to the mussel farms, and Escherichia coli and Campylobacter ureolyticus were present close to the methane extraction platform and at the summer mass tourism site, respectively. Particularly, C. ureolyticus is an emerging human gastrointestinal pathogen, capable of destroying intestinal microvilli.DiscussionIn addition to providing evidence supporting the existence of recognizable and impact-driven fingerprints on the epipelagic marine microbiome peculiar to the different anthropogenic stressors, our findings also raise concern about the ecological relevance of the observed changes, in terms of possible loss of ecosystem services and also for the potential release of pathogenic microorganisms in the environment.
Experimental study on wear failure of spindle hook teeth of cotton picker
Authors: Wang Yugang , Li Zhantao , Gu Yanqing , Zhang Hongwen , Zhao Pengda , Wang Yongzheng , Yang Jianning 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The wear failure of spindle will lead to a decrease in cotton harvesting rate of the cotton picker during field operation and serious wastage.Method: Three types of spindle samples at different installation positions and working areas were obtained through field experiments to explore the wear failure law of spindle hook teeth of cotton picker during field operation. Hardness of hook tooth coating and substrate of spindles were tested, surface and cross-section microstructure of the spindle hook teeth were characterized, and wear area and width of the spindle hook teeth were extracted.Results: Results showed that the hardness of the hook tooth coating is evidently higher than that of the substrate; the average coating hardness of the No. 3 spindle hook teeth reaches the maximum at 1033.6 HV0.1; defects, such as microcracks and micropores, exist in the coating of the three types of spindle hook teeth; and the thickness of the coating is between 70 and 130 μm. The wear area of spindle hook tooth changes exponentially and the wear width changes linearly with the increase of field operation area at the same installation position. The wear area and width of the spindle hook teeth gradually increase with the decrease of the installation height and the wear change of the hook teeth is negatively correlated with the installation height in the same field operation area.Discussion: The wear failure of spindle hook tooth is mainly caused by abrasive, fatigue, and oxidation wear. The results of this study can provide a reference for improving the wear resistance of spindle hook teeth.
Rapid typing of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Fourier-transform Infrared spectroscopy informs infection control in veterinary settings
Authors: Zendri Flavia , Schmidt Vanessa , Mauder Norman , Loeffler Anette , Jepson Rosanne Ellen , Isgren Cajsa , Pinchbeck Gina , Haldenby Sam , Timofte Dorina 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionThe emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens linked to healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) is an increasing concern in modern veterinary practice. Thus, rapid bacterial typing for real-time tracking of MDR hospital dissemination is still much needed to inform best infection control practices in a clinically relevant timeframe. To this end, the IR Biotyper using Fourier-Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectroscopy has the potential to provide fast cluster analysis of potentially related organisms with substantial cost and turnaround time benefits.Materials and methodsA collection of MDR bacterial isolates (n = 199, comprising 92 Klebsiella pneumoniae and 107 Pseudomonas aeruginosa) obtained from companion animal (i.e., dogs, cats and horses) clinical investigations, faecal and environmental screening from four veterinary facilities between 2012 and 2019 was analysed retrospectively by FTIR spectroscopy. Its performance was compared against MLST extracted from whole genomes of a subset of clustering isolates (proportionally to cluster size) for investigation of potential nosocomial transmission between patients and the surrounding hospital environments.ResultsConcordance between the FTIR and MLST types was overall high for K. pneumoniae (Adjusted Rand Index [ARI] of 0.958) and poor for P. aeruginosa (ARI of 0.313). FTIR K. pneumoniae clusters (n = 7) accurately segregated into their respective veterinary facility with evidence of intra-hospital spread of K. pneumoniae between patients and environmental surfaces. Notably, K. pneumoniae ST147 intensely circulated at one Small Animal Hospital ICU. Conversely, Pseudomonas aeruginosa FTIR clusters (n = 18) commonly contained isolates of diversified hospital source and heterogeneous genetic background (as also genetically related isolates spread across different clusters); nonetheless, dissemination of some clones, such as P. aeruginosa ST2644 in the equine hospital, was apparent. Importantly, FTIR clustering of clinical, colonisation and/or environmental isolates sharing genomically similar backgrounds was seen for both MDR organisms, highlighting likely cross-contamination events that led to clonal dissemination within settings.ConclusionFTIR spectroscopy has high discriminatory power for hospital epidemiological surveillance of veterinary K. pneumoniae and could provide sufficient information to support early detection of clonal dissemination, facilitating implementation of appropriate infection control measures. Further work and careful optimisation need to be carried out to improve its performance for typing of P. aeruginosa veterinary isolates.
Association between sleep-related phenotypes and gut microbiota: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Xiaoqiu , Wang Chi , Liu Kai , Wan Qingyun , Wu Wenzhong , Liu Chengyong 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundAn increasing body of evidence suggests a profound interrelation between the microbiome and sleep-related concerns. Nevertheless, current observational studies can merely establish their correlation, leaving causality unexplored.Study objectivesTo ascertain whether specific gut microbiota are causally linked to seven sleep-related characteristics and propose potential strategies for insomnia prevention.MethodsThe study employed an extensive dataset of gut microbiota genetic variations from the MiBioGen alliance, encompassing 18,340 individuals. Taxonomic classification was conducted, identifying 131 genera and 196 bacterial taxa for analysis. Sleep-related phenotype (SRP) data were sourced from the IEU OpenGWAS project, covering traits such as insomnia, chronotype, and snoring. Instrumental variables (IVs) were selected based on specific criteria, including locus-wide significance, linkage disequilibrium calculations, and allele frequency thresholds. Statistical methods were employed to explore causal relationships, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted Mode. Sensitivity analyses, pleiotropy assessments, and Bonferroni corrections ensured result validity. Reverse causality analysis and adherence to STROBE-MR guidelines were conducted to bolster the study’s rigor.ResultsBidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis reveals a causative interplay between selected gut microbiota and sleep-related phenotypes. Notably, outcomes from the rigorously Bonferroni-corrected examination illuminate profound correlations amid precise compositions of the intestinal microbiome and slumber-associated parameters. Elevated abundance within the taxonomic ranks of class Negativicutes and order Selenomonadales was markedly associated with heightened susceptibility to severe insomnia (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02–1.05, p = 0.0001). Conversely, the augmented representation of the phylum Lentisphaerae stands in concord with protracted sleep duration (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.04, p = 0.0005). Furthermore, heightened exposure to the genus Senegalimassilia exhibits the potential to ameliorate the manifestation of snoring symptoms (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96–0.99, p = 0.0001).ConclusionThis study has unveiled the causal relationship between gut microbiota and SRPs, bestowing significant latent value upon future endeavors in both foundational research and clinical therapy.
Comprehensive detection of CRLF2 alterations in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a rapid and accurate novel approach
Authors: Gil José Vicente , Miralles Alberto , de las Heras Sandra , Such Esperanza , Avetisyan Gayane , Díaz-González Álvaro , Santiago Marta , Fuentes Carolina , Fernández José María , Lloret Pilar , Navarro Irene , Montesinos Pau , Llop Marta , Barragán Eva 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a prevalent childhood cancer with high cure rate, but poses a significant medical challenge in adults and relapsed patients. Philadelphia-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) is a high-risk subtype, with approximately half of cases characterized by CRLF2 overexpression and frequent concomitant IKZF1 deletions.Methods: To address the need for efficient, rapid, and cost-effective detection of CRLF2 alterations, we developed a novel RT-qPCR technique combining SYBR Green and highresolution melting analysis on a single plate.Results: The method successfully identified CRLF2 expression, P2RY8::CRLF2 fusions, and CRLF2 and JAK2 variants, achieving a 100% sensitivity and specificity. Application of this method across 61 samples revealed that 24.59% exhibited CRLF2 overexpression, predominantly driven by IGH::CRLF2 (73.33%). High Resolution Melting analysis unveiled concurrent CRLF2 or JAK2 variants in 8.19% of samples, as well as a dynamic nature of CRLF2 alterations during disease progression.Discussion: Overall, this approach provides an accurate identification of CRLF2 alterations, enabling improved diagnostic and facilitating therapeutic decision-making.
Optimization of sensitivity and specificity of a biomarker-based blood test (LVOCheck-Opti): A protocol for a multicenter prospective observational study of patients suspected of having a stroke
Authors: Kaffes Maximilian , Bondi Fulvio , Geisler Frederik , Grittner Ulrike , Haacke Lisa , Ihl Thomas , Lorenz Maren , Schehadat Marc S. , Schwabauer Eugen , Wendt Matthias , Zuber Martina , Kübler-Weller Dorothee , Lorenz-Meyer Irina , Sanchez Jean-Charles , Montaner Joan , Audebert Heinrich J. , Weber Joachim E. 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionAcute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a time-critical medical emergency. For patients with large-vessel occlusions (LVO), mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is the gold-standard treatment. Mobile Stroke Units (MSUs) provide on-site diagnostic capabilities via computed tomography (CT) and have been shown to improve functional outcomes in stroke patients, but are cost-efficient only in urban areas. Blood biomarkers have recently emerged as possible alternative to cerebral imaging for LVO diagnosis. Prehospital LVO diagnosis offers the potential to transport patients directly to centers that have MT treatment available. In this study, we assess the accuracy of combining two biomarkers, HFABP and NT-proBNP, with clinical indicators to detect LVO using ultra-early prehospital blood samples. The study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS-ID: DRKS00030399).Methods and analysisWe plan a multicenter prospective observational study with 800 patients with suspected stroke enrolled within 24 h of symptom onset. Study participants will be recruited at three sites (MSUs) in Berlin, Germany. Blood-samples will be taken pre-hospitally at the scene and tested for HFABP and NT-proBNP levels. Additional clinical data and information on final diagnosis will be collected and documented in an electronic case report form (eCRF). Sensitivity and specificity of the combination will be calculated through iterative permutation-response calculations.DiscussionThis study aims to evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of a combination of the biomarkers HFABP and NT-proBNP in LVO prediction. In contrast to most other biomarker studies to date, by employing MSUs as study centers, ultra-early levels of biomarkers can be analyzed. Point-of-care LVO detection in suspected stroke could lead to faster treatment in both urban and rural settings and thus improve functional outcomes on a broader scale.Clinical trial registrationDeutsches Register klinischer Studien https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00030399, DRKS00030399
Research hotspots and frontiers in post-stroke dysphagia: a bibliometric analysis study
Authors: Guo Bilian , Liu Mengwei , Wang Zhiyong , Yan Zhipeng 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundDysphagia is a common complication of stroke that can result in serious consequences. In recent years, more and more papers on post-stroke dysphagia have been published in various journals. However, there is still a lack of bibliometric analysis of post-stroke dysphagia. This study visually analyzes the global research situation of post-stroke dysphagia from 2013 to 2022, aiming to explore the current research status, frontier trends, and research hotspots in this field.MethodsArticles and reviews relevant to post-stroke dysphagia were obtained and retrieved from the Web of Science core collection database in the last 10 years (from 2013 to 2022). CiteSpace and Microsoft Excel 2019 were used for bibliographic analysis.ResultsA total of 1,447 articles were included in the analysis. The number of publications showed an overall upward trend, from 72 in 2013 to 262 in 2022. The most influential authors, institutions, journals, and countries were Hamdy S, University of London, Dysphagia, and the People's Republic of China. An analysis of keywords and the literature indicated that current studies in the field of post-stroke dysphagia focused on dysphagia and aspiration, dysphagia classification, dysphagia rehabilitation, and daily living.ConclusionThis bibliometric analysis reveals the latest advancements and emerging trends in the field of post-stroke dysphagia, spanning the years 2013 to 2022. It highlights the paramount importance of conducting large-scale randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy of dysphagia screening protocols and non-invasive intervention techniques in improving the quality of life for these patients. Such research efforts hold significant academic implications for the development of evidence-based treatment strategies in this field.
Clinical efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal injections in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 140 randomized controlled trials
Authors: Cao Kangdi , Hu Shuaihang , Wang Dandan , Qiao Chenxi , Wang Zhuo , Wang Jinkun , Hou Wei 
Published: February 2024

Background and aimChinese herbal injection (CHI) is a widely used preparation for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment to alleviate the adverse drug reactions and enhance the clinical efficacy of chemotherapy. However, its efficacy and safety in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) remain poorly understood owing to the lack of high-level evidence in the face of a wide variety of CHIs. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of CHIs in combination with PBC regimens in the treatment of mid- and advanced NSCLC.MethodsSystematic evaluation and meta-analysis were conducted as per the Preferred Reporting Project for Systematic Evaluation and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). Seven databases were comprehensively searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) through August 1, 2022. The quality of each study was evaluated based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Statistical analysis was performed using Revman 5.3, with dichotomies expressed as risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were selected as the primary outcomes, with quality of life (QoL) and toxic side effects as secondary outcomes.ResultsA total of 140 RCTs were included in this study. The results of the meta-analysis suggested that, compared with PBC alone, PBC combined with CHIs significantly improved the ORR (RR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.30–1.41, P&lt;0.001), DCR (RR=1.15, 95% CI: 1.13–1.18, P&lt;0.001) and QoL (RR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.24–1.33, P&lt;0.001). Moreover, the combination treatment reduced chemotherapy-induced leukopenia (RR=0.69, 95% CI: 0.64–0.75, P&lt;0.001), anemia (RR=0.70, 95% CI: 0.62–0.79, P&lt;0.001), thrombocytopenia (RR=0.68, 95% CI: 0.62–0.75, P&lt;0.001), nausea and vomiting (RR=0.69, 95% CI: 0.63–0.76, P&lt;0.001), diarrhea (RR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.48–0.73, P&lt;0.001), and constipation (RR=0.68, 95% CI: 0.54–0.86, P=0.001).ConclusionAccording to the available evidence, CHIs in combination with PBC can improve clinical efficacy and reduce the toxic side effects in the treatment of advanced NSCLC. However, considering the study’s limitations, more rigorous and high-quality studies are needed to further confirm the results.Systematic review registrationhttps://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-1-0104/, identifier INPLASY202210104.
Historical and contemporary management of infantile hemangiomas: a single-center experience
Authors: Zou Yun , Wu Zhiping , Jin Pingliang , Fu Ronghua , Cheng Jun , Bai Hanxiang , Huang Mengyu , Huang Xiangqun , Yuan Hua 
Published: February 2024

Objective: This study explores the 22-year evolution of Infantile Hemangiomas (IHs) treatment strategies at a single-center hospital, aiming to establish an individualized IHs management protocol.Methods: Retrospective review of IHs infants 2000–2022 at the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Children’s Hospital.Results: In our study of 27,513 IHs cases, 72.2% were female, with the median age at first hospital visit being 25 days. The majority of cases had localized and superficial lesions primarily on the head, face, and neck (67.5%). Ulceration rates fell from 21.1% to 12.6% with the introduction of propranolol. Management strategies have shifted over time, with the proportion of cases undergoing expectant management dropping from 32.9% to 12.4%. Since 2008, 26.1% of patients were treated with oral propranolol, largely replacing corticosteroids. Topical β-blockers have been used in 12.1% of cases, leading to a reduction in local injection therapy from 20.8% to 13.2%. Laser therapy, introduced in 2016, has been used in 13.8% of cases, while surgical excision has dropped from 25.0% to 8.5% due to alternative treatment options. Combination therapy was used in 8.8% of cases post-2015, indicating a rising trend. Drawing from the evolution of IHs management strategies, an individualized protocol for the management of IHs was successfully established.Conclusion: Treatment for IHs has evolved over recent decades, with less invasive medical interventions increasingly replacing more invasive methods. Furthermore, a personalized treatment protocol established in this study could boost the cure rate of IHs while minimizing potential side effects and complications.