bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Antiinflammatory Activity of Some [4,6‐(4‐Substituted aryl)‐2‐thioxo‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐pyrimidin‐5‐yl]‐acetic Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Bahekar Sushilkumar S. , Shinde Devanand B. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
5‐(4,6‐Diphenyl‐2‐pyrimidinyl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2‐thione with Some C‐Electrophiles and N‐Nucleophiles.
Authors: Mekuskiene G. , Burbuliene M. M. , Jakubkiene V. , Udrenaite E. , Gaidelis P. , Vainilavicius P. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
2,3‐Dihydro‐5,6‐tetramethylenespiro(cyclohexane‐2‐thieno [2,3‐d]pyrimidine)‐4(1H)‐thione. A Novel Synthetic Route and Crystalline Structure.
Authors: Dyachenko A. D. , Rusanov E. B. , Dyachenko V. D. , Chernega A. N. , Desenko S. M. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Design and Preparation of Metabolically Protected New Arylpiperazine 5‐HT1A Ligands.
Authors: Tandon Manish , O'Donnell Mary‐Margaret , Porte Alex , Vensel David , Yang Donglai , Palma Rocio , Beresford Alan , Ashwell Mark A. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Imidazo[2,1‐b]thiazepines: Synthesis, Structure and Evaluation of Benzodiazepine Receptor Binding.
Authors: Kiec‐Kononowicz Katarzyna , Karolak‐Wojciechowska Janina , Michalak Barbara , Pekala Elzbieta , Schumacher Britta , Mueller Christina E. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Novel Phosphorus Heterocycles with Exocyclic P—C Link.
Authors: Reddy Peddaiahgari Vasu Govardhana , Kiran Yarragudi Bathal Reddy , Reddy Cirandur Suresh , Reddy Chichili Devendranath 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Hydroselenation of Alkynes by Lithium Butylselenolate: An Approach in the Synthesis of Vinylic Selenides.
Authors: Zeni Gilson , Stracke Marcelo P. , Nogueira Cristina W. , Braga Antonio L. , Menezes Paulo H. , Stefani Helio A. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Part 2. Efficient Strategies for the Construction of Variably Substituted Bicyclo[5.3.1]undecenones (AB‐Taxane Ring Systems) and Their Conversion to Tricyclo[9.3.1.03,8]pentadecenones (ABC Taxane Ring Systems) and Bicyclo[2.2.2]octanones.
Authors: Villalva‐Servin Nidia P. , Laurent Alain , Fallis Alex G. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
C‐Alkylation of Nitroso Chlorides with Diethyl Malonate: The X‐Ray Structure of Diethyl (.+‐.)‐(1R*,2S*,5R*)‐2‐{3(E)‐Hydroxyimino‐2,6,6‐trimethylbicyclo [3.1.1]hept‐2‐yl}malonate.
Authors: Bizjaev Sergey N. , Rybalova Tatyana V. , Gatilov Yury V. , Tkachev Alexey V. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Beauvericins, Potentiators of Antifungal Miconazole Activity, Produced by Beauveria sp. FKI‐1366. Part 1. Taxonomy, Fermentation, Isolation and Biological Properties.
Authors: Fukuda Takashi , Arai Masayoshi , Yamaguchi Yuichi , Masuma Rokurou , Tomoda Hiroshi , Omura Satoshi 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Isolation and Structural Characterization of Siderophores, Madurastatins, Produced by a Pathogenic Actinomadura madurae.
Authors: Harada Ken‐ichi , Tomita Koji , Fujii Kiyonaga , Masuda Katsuyoshi , Mikami Yuzuru , Yazawa Katsukiyo , Komaki Hisayuki 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Application of Substituted 2‐(Trimethylsilyl)ethyl Esters to Suppress Diketopiperazine Formation
Authors: Borsuk Katarzyna , van Delft Floris L. , Eggen Ivo F. , ten Kortenaar Paul B. W. , Petersen Annet , Rutjes Floris P. J. T. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Stereoselective Iodine‐Induced Cyclization of Alkene Acetals. Application to the Synthesis of 3‐Deoxy‐exo‐glycals and Substituted Tetrahydrofurans.
Authors: Molas Pineda , Matheu Ma. Isabel , Castillon Sergio 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
ICM0301s, New Angiogenesis Inhibitors from Aspergillus sp. F‐1491. Part 1. Taxonomy, Fermentation, Isolation and Biological Activities.
Authors: Kumagai Hiroyuki , Someno Tetsuya , Dobashi Kazuyuki , Isshiki Kunio , Ishizuka Masaaki , Ikeda Daishiro 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Isolation of Bioactive Compounds from Aspergillus terreus.
Authors: Choudhary Muhammad I. , Musharraf Syed G. , Mukhmoor Talat , Shaheen Farzana , Ali Shamsher , Atta‐ur‐Rahman Atta‐ur‐Rahman 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Time‐Resolved Diffraction Studies of Ion Exchange: K+ and Na+ Exchange into (Al, Ge) Gismondine (GIS) Na24Al24Ge24O96 ×40H2O and K8Al8Ge8O32×8H2 O.
Authors: Celestian Aaron J. , Parise John B. , Goodell Carmen , Tripathi Akhilesh , Hanson Jonathan 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Destruction of maternal centrioles during fertilization of the brown alga, Scytosiphon lomentaria (Scytosiphonales, Phaeophyceae)
Authors: Nagasato Chikako , Motomura Taizo 
Published: July 2004

AbstractIn brown algal fertilization, a pair of centrioles is derived from the male gamete, irrespective of the sexual reproduction pattern, i.e., isogamy, anisogamy, or oogamy. In this study, the manner in which the maternal centriole structure is destroyed in early zygotes of the isogamous brown alga Scytosiphon lomentaria was examined by electron microscopy. At fertilization, the zygote had two pairs of centrioles (flagellar basal bodies) derived from motile male and female gametes, and there was no morphological difference between the two pairs. The flagellar basal plate and the axonemal microtubules were still connected with the distal end of centrioles. Ultrastructural observations showed that the integrity of maternal‐derived centrioles began to degenerate even in the 1‐h‐old zygote. At that time, the cylinder of triplet microtubules of the maternal centrioles became shorter from the distal end, and a section passing through the centrioles indicated that a part of the nine triplets of microtubules changed into doublet or singlet microtubules by degeneration of B and/or C tubules. In 2‐h‐old zygote, there was no trace of maternal centrioles ultrastructurally, and only the paternal centrioles remained. Further, reduction of centrin accompanying destruction of the maternal centrioles was examined in immunofluorescence microscopy. Centrin localized at the paternal and the maternal centrioles had the same fluorescence intensity in the early zygotes. At 4–6 h after fertilization, two spots indicating centrin localization showed different fluorescence intensity. Later, the weaker spot disappeared completely. These results showed that there is a difference in time between the destruction of the centriolar cylinders and the reduction of centrin molecules around them. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 59:109–118, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Visualization of a highly organized intranuclear network of filaments in living mammalian cells
Authors: Nalepa Grzegorz , Harper J. Wade 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFor 30 years, the mammalian cell nucleus has been hypothesized to contain a filamentous framework, the nuclear matrix or karyoskeleton, which regulates nuclear structure and function. However, such an organized network of filaments has never been observed in living cells. Here we show that human Cdc14B phosphatase in living cells tightly associates with long filaments that begin at the nucleolar periphery and extend to the nuclear envelope, frequently making close connections with nuclear pore complexes. We demonstrate that Cdc14B contains a bipartite signal that directs it to the intranuclear filaments, and we also detect a small amount of Cdc14B on interphase and mitotic centrosomes. Furthermore, we show that Cdc14B is critical for the maintenance of proper nuclear structure together with polo‐like kinase Plk1. This work provides the first direct evidence for the existence of an intranuclear filamentous framework in living mammalian cells and implicates Cdc14B in the control of mammalian nuclear architecture. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 59:94–108, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sensitivity to imatinib therapy may be predicted by testing Wilms tumor gene expression and colony growth after a short in vitro incubation
Authors: Cilloni Daniela , Messa Francesca , Gottardi Enrico , Fava Milena , Arruga Francesca , Defilippi Ilaria , Carturan Sonia , Messa Emanuela , Morotti Alessandro , Giugliano Emilia , Rege‐Cambrin Giovanna , Alberti Daniele , Baccarani Michele , Saglio Giuseppe 
Published: July 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objective of the current study was to verify the ability to predict response to imatinib therapy using in vitro assays to evaluate the inhibition of Wilms tumor gene (WT1) expression and colony growth after samples obtained from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) before the start of treatment were subjected to short‐term incubation with imatinib.METHODSWT1 transcript levels and colony growth in bone marrow (BM) samples from 23 patients with CML that was later identified as being responsive to imatinib and from 13 patients with CML that was later identified as not being responsive to imatinib were evaluated after incubation of these samples with imatinib at a concentration of 1 μM for 18 hours. In addition, real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ‐PCR) analysis of WT1 expression was performed during follow‐up, and the results were analyzed for associations with cytogenetic response and with BCR/ABL transcript levels as determined using RQ‐PCR analysis.RESULTSBefore treatment, it was found that WT1 expression was elevated in BM samples obtained from all patients with CML. WT1 expression and colony growth were reduced significantly after an 18‐hour incubation with imatinib in samples obtained from patients who were later identified as responders to treatment, but not in samples obtained from patients who did not experience responses to treatment. Inhibition of WT1 expression in vitro was associated with inhibition of imatinib‐induced BCR‐ABL tyrosine kinase activity, a finding that also has been made in studies involving certain Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)‐positive and Ph‐negative cell lines.CONCLUSIONSInhibition of WT1 transcript levels after a short period of in vitro exposure of pretherapy BM samples to imatinib was correlated with inhibition of colony growth and may represent the basis for an easy test that is capable of predicting the sensitivity of CML to treatment with imatinib for individual patients. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
An academic health center cost analysis of screening mammography
Authors: Chen Steven L. , Clark Samuel , Pierce Lori J. , Hayes Daniel F. , Helvie Mark A. , Greeno Paula L. , Newman Lisa A. , Chang Alfred E. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe current study sought to determine the institutional financial impact of a screening mammography (SM) program in the context of an integrated cancer center.METHODSUsing administrative databases, 10,048 women were identified as receiving screening mammograms in fiscal year 1999 and the first one‐half of fiscal year 2000. The utilization of breast care resources was followed for an average of 1208 days. The University of Michigan cost accounting system was then used to determine overall margin (revenues − total costs) and contribution margin (revenues − actual costs) of the SM program, as well as other breast care services.RESULTSThe percentage of variable costs to total costs for the SM program was 24%. The overall facility losses in the breast care line were $1.7 million with a positive contribution margin of $2.0 million. The annual yield of nonscreening/diagnostic mammographic procedures was 0.9%. All types of radiologic activity failed to cover their total costs, but did provide a positive contribution margin. Overall margins for surgery procedures were approximately even, and adjuvant medical and radiotherapy services were net positive. Modeling helped to identify overhead limits necessary to achieve margin targets associated with increased activity.CONCLUSIONSThe current study showed that SM programs are unlikely to succeed financially without careful selection of those screened to increase the yield of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Based on favorable contribution margins, SM programs were viable when viewed as incremental business. Cancer 2004. © 2004 by the American Cancer Society.
Breast‐conserving surgery after neoadjuvant anthracycline‐based chemotherapy for large breast tumors
Authors: Rouzier Roman , Mathieu Marie‐Christine , Sideris Lucas , Youmsi Esther , Rajan Radhika , Garbay Jean‐Rémi , André Fabrice , Marsiglia Hugo , Spielmann Marc , Delaloge Suzette 
Published: July 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDRandomized trials comparing neoadjuvant versus adjuvant chemotherapy show that primary chemotherapy allows more frequent breast‐preserving surgery even though no survival advantage has been demonstrated. The aim of the current study was to determine the predicting factors and the survival impact of breast conservation in patients with large breast tumors treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.METHODSBetween January 1987 and December 2001, 594 patients with invasive T2–3 breast carcinoma who were ineligible for breast‐conserving surgery (the mean initial tumor diameter was 49 mm) were treated with 3 or 4 courses of an anthracycline‐based primary chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy. Various clinicopathologic factors were tested as possible predicting factors of breast‐preserving surgery. Survival analyses were performed to determine the implications of breast‐conserving surgery on outcome.RESULTSAfter primary chemotherapy, 287 (48%) patients were eligible for breast‐conserving surgery and 307 patients underwent a mastectomy. Initial tumor diameter > 5 cm, low histologic grade, lobular histology, and multicentricity were independent predicting factors of breast conservation ineligibility in the multivariate analysis (logistic regression). In the univariate survival analysis, a failure of breast‐preserving surgery was associated with a poor outcome. Local disease recurrence‐free survival rates were similar in patients treated with lumpectomy and mastectomy.CONCLUSIONSThe results reported in the current study suggested that initial diameter, histologic type and grade, and multicentricity are potential prechemotherapy predicting factors of breast conservation. When carefully selected, patients treated with breast conservation had a risk of local disease recurrence similar to the risk of chest wall disease recurrence after mastectomy. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Significance of MiB‐1 staining in smears with atypical glandular cells
Authors: Boon Mathilde E. , Vinkestein Astrid , van Binsbergen‐Ingelse Annette , van Haaften Caroline 
Published: July 2004

AbstractMiB‐1 immunostaining may facilitate recognition of developing adenocarcinoma in cervical smear screening. In a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of 170 patients with atypical endocervical glandular cells and with repeat smears, archival Papanicolaou‐stained smears were restained for MiB‐1 and classified for the presence of preneoplastic changes of MiB‐1 positive epithelial fragments. The results of classification based on MiB‐1 positive epithelial fragments corresponded “roughly” with cytomorphological diagnoses. Of the 38 patients in which the primary smear was found to be MiB‐1‐positive, 12 of these persisted in the repeat smear. Thirty‐eight of the 132 repeat smears of patients originally negative for MiB‐1 pathology were positive. Of the total 50 MiB‐1 positive repeat smears, four showed adenocarcinoma in situ on cytomorphological grounds. MiB‐1 staining enhances detection of (pre)neoplastic changes. This approach does not destroy the morphology of the original smear and can be applied to routine material. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;31:77–82. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytologic features of central giant‐cell granuloma of the jaw
Authors: Gupta Kirti , Dey Pranab , Goldsmith Ritalin , Vasishta R.K. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractIn this present series, we studied in detail the cytologic features of five histopathologically verified cases of central giant‐cell granuloma (CGCG). All the patients in this series were female, with an age range of 11–60 years. There were three cases with involvement of the lower jaw and two cases had upper jaw involvement. Cytology smears showed dispersed single cells in the background. Nuclei of the individual cells were round to ovoid with fine chromatin and inconspicuous nucleoli. The cytoplasm of these cells was moderate in amount with indistinct cell borders. Many randomly scattered multinucleated giant cells with 10–20 nuclei were present in the background. Combination of clinical features, radiologic pictures, and cytologic features may be helpful for diagnosis of CGCG on fine‐needle aspiration cytology. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;31:113–115. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional neuroanatomy of perceiving surprised faces
Authors: Schroeder Ulrike , Hennenlotter Andreas , Erhard Peter , Haslinger Bernhard , Stahl Robert , Lange Klaus W. , Ceballos‐Baumann Andrés O. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractSurprise is one of six emotions having a specific and universally recognized facial expression. Functional imaging and neuropsychologic studies have uncovered partly separable neural substrates for perceiving different facial expressions; however, the functional neuroanatomy of perceiving surprised faces has not yet been investigated. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we aimed to identify the neural substrate of surprise perception from facial expressions. Based on the assumption of unexpectedness and novelty as elicitors of facial surprise reactions, we hypothesized recruitment of medial temporal lobe structures implicated in novelty detection during the perception of surprise in others. Healthy subjects were scanned while they were presented with surprised faces. As a control, they viewed faces depicting neutral or disgust expressions. Activations during the emotional conditions were contrasted with each other and with the neutral face condition. Compared to both control conditions, perception of surprised facial expressions yielded consistently increased signals in the parahippocampal region, an area associated previously with novelty detection. Our findings therefore suggest a close relation between perceiving surprise in others and the response to novel events. Additionally, we confirmed activation of the insula during perception of disgust expressions. Hum. Brain Mapping 23:181–187, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Machine‐independent audit trail analysis—a tool for continuous audit assurance
Authors: Best Peter J. , Mohay George , Anderson Alison 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThis paper reports the results of a research project which examines the feasibility of developing a machine‐independent audit trail analyser (MIATA). MIATA is a knowledge‐based system which performs intelligent analysis of operating system audit trails. Such a system is proposed as a decision support tool for auditors when assessing the risk of unauthorized user activity in multi‐user computer systems. It is also relevant to the provision of a continuous assurance service to clients by internal and external auditors.Monitoring user activity in system audit trails manually is impractical because of the vast quantity of events recorded in those audit trails. However, if done manually, an expert security auditor would be needed to look for two main types of events—user activity rejected by the system's security settings (failed actions) and users behaving abnormally (e.g. unexpected changes in activity such as the purchasing clerk attempting to modify payroll data). A knowledge‐based system is suited to applications that require expertise to perform well‐deﬁned, yet complex, monitoring activities (e.g. controlling nuclear reactors and detecting intrusions in computer systems).To permit machine‐independent intelligent audit trail analysis, an anomaly‐detection approach is adopted. Time series forecasting methods are used to develop and maintain the user proﬁle database (knowledge base) that allows identiﬁcation of users with rejected behaviour as well as abnormal behaviour. The knowledge‐based system maintains this knowledge base and permits reporting on the potential intruder threats (summarized in Table I).The intelligence of the MIATA system is its ability to handle audit trails from any system, its knowledge base capturing rejected user activity and detecting anomalous activity, and its reporting capabilities focusing on known methods of intrusion. MIATA also updates user proﬁles and forecasts of behaviour on a daily basis. As such, it also ‘learns’ from changes in user behaviour.The feasibility of generating machine‐independent audit trail records, and the applicability of the anomaly‐detection approach and time series forecasting methods, are demonstrated using three case studies. These results support the proposal that developing a machine‐independent audit trail analyser is feasible. Such a system will be an invaluable aid to an auditor in detecting potential computer intrusions and monitoring user activity. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing risks due to threats to internal control in a computer‐based accounting information system: a pragmatic approach based on fuzzy set theory
Authors: de Korvin Andre , Shipley Margaret F. , Omer Khursheed 
Published: July 2004

AbstractA rational risk assessment model, based on the reasoning of fuzzy set theory, is presented. The model would help managers assess risk exposure due to potential threats to internal control in a computer‐based accounting information system. Such risk assessment is essential in making appropriate decisions about establishing new internal control policies and procedures that may be necessary to protect the integrity and security of the information system. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ontogenic and ecological control of metamorphosis onset in a carapid fish, Carapus homei: Experimental evidence from vertebra and otolith comparisons
Authors: Parmentier Eric , Lecchini David , Lagardere Francoise , Vandewalle Pierre 
Published: July 2004

AbstractIn Carapus homei, reef colonisation is associated with a penetration inside a sea cucumber followed by heavy transformations during which the length of the fish is reduced by 60%. By comparing vertebral axis to otolith ontogenetic changes, this study aimed (i) to specify the events linked to metamorphosis, and (ii) to establish to what extent these fish have the ability to delay it. Different larvae of C. homei were caught when settling on the reef and kept in different experimental conditions for at least 7 days and up to 21 days: darkness or natural light conditions, presence of sea cucumber or not, and food deprivation or not. Whatever the nutritional condition, a period of darkness seems sufficient to initiate metamorphosis. Twenty‐one days in natural light conditions delayed metamorphosis, whereas the whole metamorphosis process is the fastest (15 days) for larvae living in sea cucumbers. Whether the metamorphosis was initiated or not, otoliths were modified with the formation of a transition zone, whose structure varied depending on the experimental conditions. At day 21, larvae maintained in darkness had an otolith transition zone with more increments (around 80), albeit wider than those (more or less 21) of individuals kept under natural lighting. These differences in otolith growth could indicate an increased incorporation rate of released metabolites by metamorphosing larvae. However, the presence of a transition zone in delayed‐metamorphosis larvae suggests that these otolith changes record the endogenously‐induced onset of metamorphosis, whereas body transformations seem to be modulated by the environmental conditions of settlement. J. Exp. Zool. 301A:617–628, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.