bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between Vitamin C Supplements and Frailty in Korean Older Adults: Analysis of the 2018–2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys
Authors: Park Seung Guk , Kim Hyoeun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Frailty increases with age and as a result, older adults suffer from increased medical problems and reduced daily living abilities. However, few studies have examined the association between vitamin C intake and frailty among older adults. Therefore, we investigated the association between vitamin C supplementation and frailty in Koreans aged ≥ 65 years.
Methods
In the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2018–2019), participants were divided into a group that did not consume dietary supplements (non-DS, n = 1,530) and a group that consumed vitamin C supplements (vitamin C, n = 179). The group that consumed vitamin C was further divided into subgroups; those that consumed less than the recommended daily amount of vitamin C (< 100 mg) and those that consumed the recommended daily amount (100–999 mg, 1000–1999 mg, ≥ 2000 mg). Participants were also divided based on the duration of supplement intake (< 1 year, ≥ 1 year). The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of frailty and vitamin C intake were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, education level, income level, living status (alone or not alone), body mass index, drinking frequency, smoking status, presence of chronic disease, and protein and fat intake.
Results
Older participants who consumed vitamin C supplements were at a reduced risk of frailty (OR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.18–0.83) than those who did not consume vitamin C supplements. Participants who met adequate vitamin C daily requirements (≥ 100) exhibited a significantly improved risk of frailty (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.32–0.95) than those who did not consume a sufficient amount of vitamin C. As vitamin C intake increased, the risk of developing frailty adversely decreased (OR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.16–0.84, p = 0.008). Continuous intake of vitamin C for more than a year (OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.10–0.63) also lowered the risk of frailty.
Conclusions
These results suggest that adequate vitamin C intake to meet daily requirements is more likely to be effective in the management of frailty and that additional vitamin C intake for a sufficient period based on a regular diet is also expected to help manage frailty.
Cognitive training via mobile app for addressing eating disorders’ cognitions in adolescents: a randomized control trial protocol
Authors: Corberán Marta , Arnáez Sandra , Saman Yuliya , Pascual-Vera Belén , García-Soriano Gemma , Roncero María 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The most empirically supported psychological treatment for eating disorders is cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), but there are several difficulties when it comes to its efficacy and access. Recently, a mobile app called GG eating disorders-Adolescents (GGED-AD) was created to complement CBTto help adolescents work on their self-dialogue related to the core beliefs of eating disorders. The objective of this study is to present the protocol for a randomized controlled trial to explore the efficacy of GGED-AD.
Methods: The study will be carried out in adolescents aged 13 to 16 from an educational center in the Valencian Community. The participants will be randomized into two groups: the experimental group will use the GGED-AD app during 14 consecutive days for approximately 5 minutes each day; and the control group will use a neutral app (GGNEUTRAL) during the same time. Both groups will complete instruments that assess dysfunctional beliefs related to eating disorders, eating symptoms, symptoms of depression and anxiety, body satisfaction and self-esteem before and after the intervention. A follow-up will be conducted one month later.
Results: A decrease in the degree of ascription to dysfunctional beliefs associated with eating disorders and eating symptomatology is expected, as well as an increase in body satisfaction and the self-esteem of the participants of the experimental group.
Discussion: The app in this study could help tackle and prevent ED-related symptoms in adolescents.
Trial registration: NCT06039514
Remote monitoring of CAR T-cell treated patients by a specialized nurse to detect and manage late complications: report of the CARAMA program
Authors: Colin Fanny , Bellec Adeline , Bars Laetitia Le , Granger Magali , Lucas Leslie , Ricard Tiphaine , De Guibert Sophie , Manson Guillaume , Mear Jean Baptiste , Lhomme Faustine , Marchand Tony , escoffre martine , Decaux Olivier , Perthus Alya , Lamy Thierry , Houot Roch , Moignet-Autrel aline 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
CAR T-cells have been approved for the treatment of relapsed/refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and multiple myeloma (MM). Although acute toxicities of CAR T-cells are well handled during hospitalization, delayed complications, including cytopenias, infections and relapses, are more challenging to manage after hospital discharge. To address this issue, a specific program (CARAMA) was initiated in Rennes University Hospital consisting in remote monitoring of CAR T-cell recipients by a specialized nurse.
Methods
Patients treated with CAR T-cells were followed remotely by a CARAMA nurse after hospital discharge. Adverse events and interventions were prospectively collected by the CARAMA nurse who called patients daily until day 21, twice a week until day 28, once a week until month 2, every other week until month 3, once a month until month 6, and once every 3 months until month 12 or until relapse/progression.
Results
Between September 2019 and December 2022, the program enrolled 150 patients with a median age of 64 years (range, 16-80). Patients received a median of 15 calls (range, 0-41).
The CARAMA nurse recorded complications including cytopenias (111 patients, 73.5%) with transfusion (44 patients, 29.1%) and/or growth factor (110 patients, 72.8%) requirements, and infections in need of antibiotics (37 patients, 24.5%). Disease relapse was detected within CARAMA before a planned medical consultation in 24/65 patients (36.9%). The CARAMA nurse referred 75 patients (49.7%) to their general practitioner (N=71), hematologist (N=24) and/or other physician (N=29) and requested hospitalization for 41 patients (27.2%), due to infection (48.8%), profound cytopenias (14.6%), disease relapse (17.1%), and/or other causes (19.5%). Supportive measures were organized for 63 patients (41.7%).
A survey at 3 months of the CARAMA program confirmed the high level of patient satisfaction.
Conclusions
Remote monitoring of patients treated with CAR T-cells, by a specialized dedicated nurse, allows early detection and management of delayed complications. It also saves medical time and resources. Finally, this close follow-up is reassuring for the patients and contributes to their well-being. These results support the development of CARAMA nurses in CAR T-cell centers.
Reducing the computational cost and time of environmental flow estimation based on machine learning approaches
Authors: Haghgoo Seiran , Amanollahi Jamil , Kamangar Barzan Bahrami 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In recent decades, the reckless exploitation of rivers has caused significant changes in their ecosystems and upstream flow. It is imperative to understand that preservation of river ecosystems solely relies on maintaining the environmental flow (EF). Estimating the EF requires filed sampling, which are both time-consuming and costly. Thus, the purpose of this research is to estimate EF for a river and generalize its result to adjacent rivers using the modelling. To determine the EF, the physical habitat simulation (PHABSIM) model was used. Habitat suitability indexes (HSI) were created based on the filed survey for water velocity, flow depth, channel index and water temperature in a river. To predict the EF for other rivers, the linear regression model (LR) and two different types of neural network models, including Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) were utilized. In this study, 80% and 20% of the data were used for training and testing phases, respectively. Among the models, in the ANFIS model, the date obtained for both training phase and testing phase were as follows respectively. R2 = 0.98, RMSE = 0.0248 and MAE = 0.0006 as well as R2 = 0.97, RMSE = 0.0295 and MAE = 0.0008. The accuracy of them were higher compared to MLP and LR models in predicting EF. Therefore, the ANFIS hybrid model can be a suitable alternative method for estimating the EF.
Generation expansion planning within the context of electricity markets
Authors: Koltsaklis Nikolaos E. , Knápek Jaroslav 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Generation expansion planning is defined as the problem determining the optimal type of energy technologies to be installed, time, and construction location. This problem becomes even more complicated within the context of electricity markets since market conditions have to be taken into consideration, including their volatilities and shocks. This work addresses the problem of optimal generation expansion planning, taking into account the market operation through the introduction of unit commitment constraints. In addition, it considers the penetration of distributed energy resources into the system, including energy storage systems and demand response programs. The overall methodological framework is based on mixed-integer programming techniques and has been tested in an illustrative power system under various assumptions regarding CO2 emissions limits as well as CO2 and natural gas fuel prices. The results highlight that renewable power units are installed in all cases, while non-renewable power units are installed only if they are low-carbon (biomass and nuclear) or they are equipped with a CCS technology (hard coal and natural gas). In addition, there is a positive correlation with the installation of energy storage systems; namely, the more the capacity of the installed RES units, the more the capacity of the installed energy storage systems. The increase in the price of natural gas fuel is able to lead to power mixes with higher CO2 intensity, if it is combined with a low CO2 emissions price. Energy storage systems, accompanied by demand response programs to some extent, play a decisive role in both energy and reserves balance in the zero-emissions power mix. System operators, regulatory authorities, and potential investors can utilize the developed optimization framework to quantify the roadmap and the long-term dynamics of the studied power system to optimize the investment strategy of their resources and portfolios.
The clinical significance of emotional urgency in bipolar disorder: A scoping review
Authors: Teh Wen Lin , Yeow Si Sheng , Liu Jianlin , Subramaniam Mythily , Ho Roger 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background. Emotional urgency, defined as a trait concept of emotion-based impulsivity, is at least moderately associated with general psychopathology. However, its clinical significance and associations with clinically relevant features of bipolar disorder is unclear. This scoping review aims address this gap by determining the extent of evidence in a niche scope of study. Methods. Evidence of between-group differences of positive and negative urgency, its associations with mood severity, and all peripheral associations related to illness and psychosocial outcomes were synthesized based on PRISMA checklists and guidelines for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Design. Electronic databases were searched of articles published between January 2001 and May 2023. An initial search yielded 999 entries; a total of 10 articles were selected for this review. Results: Differences in urgency scores between bipolar disorder and healthy controls were large (Cohen’s d ranged from 1.77 to 2.20). Negative urgency was at least moderately associated with overall trauma, emotional abuse, neglect, suicide ideation, neuroticism, and irritable/cyclothymic temperament, whereas positive urgency was at least moderately associated with various aspects of aggression and quality of life. Positive but not negative urgency was associated with quality of life. Conclusion: Large between-group differences found for emotional urgency in bipolar disorder imply large clinical significance. Emotional urgency was associated with clinical features indicating worser features and outcomes. Given the high clinical heterogeneity of the disorder, emotional urgency may be an important phenotype indicative of greater disorder severity.
Comparison of sex differences on outcomes after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Han Yuwei , Zhang Bingying , Qi Xin , Yuan Guanqian , Liang Guobiao , Li Xiaoming , Hao Guangzhi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
Sex differences in outcomes of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) remain controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the sex differences in the prognosis of patients with aSAH.
Methods This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of aSAH patients admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery of General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, from April 2020 to January 2022. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate outcomes at 3-month post-discharge. Baseline characteristics, in-hospital complications and outcomes were compared after 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM).
Results A total of 665 patients were included and the majority (63.8%) were female. Female patients were significantly older than male patients (59.3 ± 10.9 years vs. 55.1 ± 10.9 years, P < 0.001). After PSM, 141 male and 141 female patients were compared. Comparing postoperative complications and mRS scores, the incidence of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and hydrocephalus and mRS ≥ 2 at 3-month were significantly higher in female patients than in male patients. After adjustment, the analysis of risk factors for unfavorable prognosis at 3-month showed that age, sex, smoking, high Hunt Hess grade, high mFisher score, DCI, and hydrocephalus were independent risk factors.
Conclusions Female patients with aSAH have a worse prognosis than male patients, and this difference may be because females are more vulnerable to DCI and hydrocephalus.
Correlation of testicular melatonin and cellular stress in an annual spermatogenic cycle of Clarias batrachus
Authors: Acharyya Akash , Hasan Kazi Nurul 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Melatonin, primarily produced by pineal gland, shows a rhythmic pattern of synthesis in response to environmental cues. Hitherto, the role of testicular melatonin in the regulation of annual spermatogenic cycle is indeterminate in any fish species. Present study aims to explore a correlation, for the first time, of melatonin with cellular stress levels in accordance to the rhythmic progression of spermatogenesis through six distinct reproductive phases of an annual gonadal cycle of catfish, Clarias batrachus under natural photo-thermal conditions. We assessed gonadosomatic index (GSI), testicular melatonin concentrations, relative percentage of haploid cells by using DNA dye in the seminiferous tubules, and different intracellular stress markers. The concentration of testicular melatonin displayed a distinct seasonal pattern, reaching their peak during the “phase of functional maturity”. Interestingly, the levels of 2’,7’–dichlorofluorescein [reactive oxygen species (ROS) marker], malondialdehyde (MDA) and RNS (total nitrate) were found significantly lowered at the verge of “mature state”. Correlation and LOESS regression analyses showed a striking positive relationship between testicular melatonin concentration and the activity of antioxidative enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST). Principal component (PC) analysis also identified the key components of “mature state” viz., GSI, testicular melatonin, haploid cell population (spermatid and spermatozoa), and the activity of enzymatic antioxidants. Cumulatively, melatonin may have a role in growth and maturation of spermatogenic cells by reducing the cellular stress to augment the quality of germ cells required for seed production in the culture of any fish species.
The clinical significance of the lymph node ratio as a recurrence indicator in ampullary cancer after curative pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Hasegawa Shinichiro , Wada Hiroshi , Kubo Masahiko , Mukai Yosuke , Mikamori Manabu , Akita Hirofumi , Matsuura Norihiro , Kitakaze Masatoshi , Masuike Yasunori , Sugase Takahito , Shinno Naoki , Kanemura Takashi , Hara Hisashi , Sueda Toshinori , Nishimura Junichi , Yasui Masayoshi , Omori Takeshi , Miyata Hiroshi , Ohue Masayuki 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
The clinical significance of the lymph node ratio (LNR), the number of metastatic lymph nodes per dissected lymph node, has not been sufficiently clarified in ampullary cancer.
Methods
Among patients diagnosed histopathologically with ampullary cancer between 1980 and 2018, the study included 106 who underwent pathological radical resection by pancreaticoduodenectomy. The relationships between the LNR and metastatic lymph node sites and prognosis were examined.
Results
Multivariate analysis revealed that sex and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors. In the 46 patients (43%) with metastatic lymph nodes, the LNR in the recurrence group was significantly higher than that in the non-recurrence group (0.15 ± 0.11 vs. 0.089 ± 0.071, p = 0.025). The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that the LNR cut-off value, 0.07 (area under the curve = 0.70, sensitivity 81%, specificity 56%), was a significant indicator for recurrence (22% vs. 61%, p = 0.016) and prognosis (5-year survival: 48% vs. 83%, p = 0.028). Among the metastatic lymph node sites in the 46 positive cases, lymph node metastases developed from the peripancreatic head region (80%, 37/46) to the superior mesenteric artery (33%, 15/46) and para-aortic (11%, 5/46) regions.
Conclusion
Lymph node metastasis is an independent prognostic factor, and the LNR is a significant indicator for recurrence and prognosis in patients with ampullary cancer.
Achieving High Power Continuous Wave and Short Pulses of Semiconductor Laser for Use in Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: AL-Shaikh Fatima , El-Zarrad Abubakr , Ahmed Moustafa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Semiconductor laser (SCL) is a promising light source in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Overcoming the limitation of the low-penetration depth of PDT and hence enhancing its therapeutic effect by adding a hyperthermia factor to the cancer treatment at a deep level requires enhancing the laser power beyond 100mW in the CW and/or pulse mode. In this paper, we presented a theoretical guide for designing and optimizing SCL parameters to achieve high CW power and high-power short-time pulses to promote laser performance in PDT. High-power CW output was achieved by optimizing the parameters that control the light-current (L-I) characteristics. Picosecond high-power pulses were predicted based on simulation of the laser signal under sinusoidal current modulation using the optimized CW parameters along with an appropriate selection of the modulation frequency and index signal class. The characteristics of the laser signal under intensive simulations over wide ranges of modulation frequency and index were used to classify the dynamic types of the laser signal. The operating domain of each of these types was mapped over a (modulation frequency versus index), and bifurcation diagrams were constructed to illustrate the flow among these domains. We spotted the variation of both peak power and pulse width of the periodic pulses with modulation parameters. CW output with power reaching ~ 360mW was predicted using facet reflectivities of 0.01 and 0.99, cavity length as short as 120µm, internal loss as small as 100m-1 , and confinement factor greater than 0.2. Periodic picosecond pulses with peak power reaching ~ 440mW were predicted when the modulation index exceeds unity and the modulation frequency is higher than one-half of the relaxation oscillation. The pulse gets narrower with the increase of the modulation index and/or frequency. The obtained results would help design SCL with high power for efficient use in PDT with thermal factor applications.
Controlling flow patterns and topology in active emulsions
Authors: Negro Giuseppe , Head Louise , Carenza Livio , Shendruk Tyler , Marenduzzo Davide , Gonnella Giuseppe , Tiribocchi Adriano 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Active emulsions and liquid crystalline shells are intriguing and experimentally realisable types of topological matter. Here we numerically study the morphology and spatiotemporal dynamics of a double emulsion, where one or two passive small droplets are embedded in a larger active droplet. We find activity introduces a variety of rich and nontrivial nonequilibrium states in the system. First, a double emulsion with a single active droplet becomes self-motile, and there is a transition between translational and rotational motion: both of these regimes remain defect-free, hence topologically trivial.
Second, a pair of particles nucleate one or more disclination loops, with conformational dynamics resembling a rotor or chaotic oscillator, accessed by tuning activity. In the first state a single, topologically charged, disclination loop powers the rotation. In the latter state, this disclination stretches and writhes in 3D, continuously undergoing recombination to yield an example of an active living polymer.
These emulsions can be self-assembled in the lab, and provide a pathway to form flow and topology patterns in active matter in a controllable way, as opposed to bulk systems that typically yield active turbulence.
Prognostic value of cerebrospinal fluid tumor cell count in leptomeningeal disease from solid tumors
Authors: Barbour Andrew B. , Blouw Barbara , Taylor Lynne P. , Graber Jerome J. , McGranahan Tresa , Blau Molly , Halasz Lia M. , Lo Simon S. , Tseng Yolanda D. , Venur Vyshak , Yang Jonathan T. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose: Treatment decisions for leptomeningeal disease (LMD) rely on patient risk stratification, since clinicians lack objective prognostic tools. The introduction of rare cell capture technology for identification of cerebrospinal fluid tumor cells (CSF-TCs) improved the sensitivity of LMD diagnosis, but prognostic value is unknown. This study assesses the prognostic value of CSF-TC density in patients with LMD from solid tumors.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with newly diagnosed or previously treated LMD from a single institution who had CNSide assay testing for CSF-TCs from 2020 to 2023. Univariable and multivariable survival analyses were conducted with Cox proportional-hazards modeling. Maximally-selected rank statistics were used to determine an optimal cutpoint for CSF-TC density and survival.
Results: Of 31 patients, 29 had CSF-TCs detected on CNSide. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) CSF-TC density was 67.8 (4.7-639) TCs/mL. CSF cytology was positive in 16 of 29 patients with positive CNSide (CNSide diagnostic sensitivity = 93.5%, negative predictive value = 85.7%). Median (IQR) survival from time of CSF-TC detection was 176 (89-481) days. On univariable and multivariable analysis, CSF-TC density was significantly associated with survival. An optimal cutpoint for dichotomizing survival by CSF-TC density was 19.34 TCs/mL. The time-dependent sensitivity and specificity for survival using this stratification were 76% and 67% at 6 months and 65% and 67% at 1 year, respectively.
Conclusions: CSF-TC density may carry prognostic value in patients with LMD from solid tumors. Integrating CSF-TC density into LMD patient risk-stratification may help guide treatment decisions.