bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution of ABO and Rhesus (D) blood group antigens among the Indian Kami population from the Sub-Himalayan region of West Bengal and Sikkim, India
Authors: Chamlagai Dependra , Gurung Jiwan , Singh Bisu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Limited information is available regarding the distribution of ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood groups among the populations from the sub-Himalayan regions. The present study was undertaken to understand the phenotypic, genotypic, and allelic frequencies of ABO and Rh antigens among the Kami population.

METHODS:
A total of 1420 Kami individuals were included in the study from the sub-Himalayan region of West Bengal and Sikkim. The ABO and RhD blood groups were determined among 158 individuals by standard slide agglutination method, and from 1262 individuals blood group, data were collected who had undergone routine blood group tests in diagnostic laboratories.

RESULTS:
The frequency of blood group O (31.06%) was found to be the highest followed by B (29.15%), A (27.54%), and AB (12.25%). A total of 97.89% individuals were Rh (D) positive and 2.11% were Rh (D) negative. The allele frequencies of ABO were found to be 0.200 for IA (p), 0.243 for IB (q), and 0.557 for IO (r). For Rh (D), the calculated gene frequencies were 0.855 for Rh positive (ID) and 0.145 for Rh negative (Id). Among the subcaste of Kami population, a significantly high frequency of blood group A was observed among Baraily and Lamgade, O among Sashankar, Dural, Diyali, and Dutraj, and B among Ramudamu, Koirala, and Silal.

CONCLUSION:
The study is the first of its kind to comprehensively describe the ABO blood group distribution among the Kami population which shows the same trend as the general Indian population.
Have we attended herd immunity against COVID? A cross-sectional analytical study of seroprevalence among blood donors
Authors: Karnesh Sunil Jai , Sahoo Dibyajyoti , Basavarajegowda Abhishekh , Kulkarni Rajendra G. , Noushad Shahida , Toora Esha , Priya Hari , Bharathi M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (COVID-19) is one of the worst health-care problem humankind has faced in the last few centuries. Understanding the population’s antibody responses is crucial for effective decision-making while implementing public health interventions in view of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was done to know the immune status of healthy donors to COVID-19 infections and to know the duration of persistence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies with respect to infections and vaccination.

AIMS:
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in healthy blood donors in our tertiary care center.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted for a period of 1 year in our blood center. Our study had a sample size of 809 healthy blood donors. Samples of the first 81 donors of each month were chosen. Donor details such as previous COVID positivity, symptoms, hospitalization, comorbidities, contact history, and vaccination status were collected using a structured questionnaire. A 5-ml sample was collected and was tested using Qualisa COVID-19 IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection kits. The antigens used for coating the kits were recombinant antigens representing SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. The prevalence of positive IgG seroprevalence of COVID-19 antibodies was reported using proportion along with 95% confidence interval. Association between all the categorical variables and the presence of seropositive status for IgG antibodies was assessed using the Chi-square test. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:
The seroprevalence of COVID-19 antibodies in our study participants was 82.3%. There is a significant association between COVID-19 infectivity, vaccination, with seroprevalence. There was a seropositivity of 51% among those who were neither infected nor vaccinated, which may be due to the development of herd immunity in our population.

CONCLUSIONS:
Population who were neither vaccinated nor had a history of infection also had a significant prevalence of antibodies suggesting the development of herd immunity in our community. The present study will add to the knowledge and better understanding of COVID-19 antibodies in the existing literature. Further studies will be required to verify our findings and to know the persistent nature of COVID antibodies.
Common mutation analysis of beta-thalassemia carriers by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction in cases diagnosed by capillary zone electrophoresis at National Public Health Laboratory, Nepal
Authors: Jha Runa , Pandey Gaurab , Neupane Bipana , Manandhar Rekha 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Beta (β)-thalassemia is a globally prevalent genetic disorder with over 350 known mutations in the β-globin gene. Intervening-sequence (IVS) 1–5 (G→C), 619 bp deletion, IVS 1–1 (G →T), C-15 (G→A), frameshift (FS) 41/42 (−CTTT), FS 8/9 (+G), codon 19, A-G, and codon 17 (A→T) are some common mutations in β-thalassemia. This study aimed to identify and analyze the common mutation by amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction in β-thalassemia carriers diagnosed by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) at National Public Health Laboratory.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
On the basis of archived data, the CZE performed on 781 samples between June 2019 and July 2022 was analyzed. Without regard to age, gender, race, or address, 121 samples were ultimately selected for mutation analysis during this time because they were identified as positive for the β-thalassemia traits based on high HbA2 levels of more than 3.5%.

RESULTS:
IVS 1–5 (G→C) was the most common mutation followed by 619 bp deletion. Five mutations namely IVS 1–5 (G→C), 619 bp deletion, FS 41/42 (−TTCT), FS 8/9 (+G), and codon 15 (G→A) accounted for 84.3% of cases. A single mutation was seen in 87 cases (71.9%), more than one mutation in 15 cases (12.4%) whereas 19 cases (15.7%) did not show any of the mutations tested.

CONCLUSION:
IVS 1–5 (G-C) is the most prevalent mutation in Southeast Asian nations, with the 619 bp deletion predominant in the Tharu community. Further research is needed to understand diverse ethnic groups and regions, enabling prenatal diagnostics and genetic counseling for β-thalassemia prevention.
Is Vitamin D Deficiency a Risk Factor for Osseointegration of Dental Implants - A Prospective Study
Authors: Mohsen Karim Abdel , AbdEl-Raouf Mona Nady , Makram Kirolos , ElKassaby Marwa , Khairy Maggie , AbdelAziz Mahmoud , El-Messiry Hend , Gaber Ramy 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Early dental implant failure (EDIF) can occur even when optimal materials are used, surgical protocols are strictly followed and the quantity and quality of bone at the recipient site are sufficient. The existence of specific patient-related risk factors require an investigation into the regulatory mechanisms controlling bone metabolism, bone remodelling and bone turnover as well as serum Vitamin D. The implant stability quotient is used as a prognostic indicator for possible implant failure. The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between serum Vitamin D levels and EDIF.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 143 implant placement sites were identified in 53 patients enrolled in this study. All patients had the assessments of serum Vitamin D levels side by side with assessments of primary and secondary implant stability at proposed implant sites at the time of implant placement and after 12 weeks using a resonance frequency analysis device.

Results:
Ten early failures (7%) were recorded. There was no correlation between gender, age, smoking, hyperglycaemia or an increased incidence of early failures. Statistical analysis reported two early failures (4.5%) in patients with serum levels of Vitamin D >30 ng/mL, two early failures (2.3%) in patients with levels between 10 and 30 ng/mL and six early failures (46.2%) in patients with levels <10 ng/mL.

Discussion:
The role of Vitamin D as a risk factor for early implant failure should be considered in patients with Vitamin D deficiency. The incidence of early implant failures was higher in patients with low serum levels of Vitamin D. Patients with low serum Vitamin D levels had a greater rate of early implant failure.
New nutritional challenge in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient patients: Prospective study with genotype–phenotype correlation
Authors: Elghamry Islam , Elalfy Mohsen S , Adly Amira , Duca Lorena , Kamal Tarek , Eldeeb Marwa , Elalfy Omar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency adds a burden on patients and their families in Egypt and Middle East due to lifelong diet restriction. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate the challenge with non-fava beans (dicotyledons) diet on the development of hemolysis in G6PD-deficient patients as well as making a genotype–phenotype correlation from two centers.

Patients and methods
A 1-year interventional study was registered in the Clinical Trials Government (NCT02498340), including 108 patients subjected to quantitative analyses for enzymatic activity and molecular typing of G6PD enzyme using a PCR-amplification refractory mutation system technique. Dietetic challenge included ingestion of non-fava beans diet taken in small amount (10–20 g/day for 3 successive days/week) weekly for 1 year with clinical and laboratory follow-up of essential markers of hemolysis.

Results
Mediterranean mutation was the commonest type (53.7%) and with significantly more patients with severe enzyme deficiency in this mutation, followed by African mutation (16.7%), while Cairo mutation was expressed in 13.9%. All studied genotypes were comparable regarding their clinical presentations. After diet challenge, none of the patients with identified genotypes showed significant changes in their G6PD, mean hemoglobin, indirect bilirubin levels, and reticulocytic count (%) compared with baseline.

Conclusion
G6PD Mediterranean mutation is the commonest mutations causing G6PD deficiency in Egypt. G6PD-deficient children might tolerate diet that contains a small amount of non-fava beans for 1 year without inducing hemolysis, so its restriction in G6PD-deficient patients should be reconsidered.
Immune response to third coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine for vaccine recipient with underlying sickle-cell disorder: A clinical mathematical model prediction
Authors: Mungmunpuntipantip Rujittika , Wiwanitkit Viroj 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Aim
The aim is to address the role for the third dose of the COVID-19 immunization regimen in the development of infection immunogenicity.

Objective/Background
It has been proven that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is effective at preventing COVID-19. Usually, the vaccination calls for two doses. Following a complete series of vaccinations, immunity may start to decline. Usually, a booster dose is taken in addition. Additional immunizations are necessary for people with preexisting diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus or cancer. However, there is still concern about the need for enhanced immunity in those with underlying diseases. There should be a third dose of the vaccination, according to the suggestion. In the event of the introduction of a new strain as well as the foreseeable loss of public immunityfollowing routine mass vaccination, several scientists are currently supporting the use of a third-dosage vaccine. The effectiveness of the third immunization is unknown, thus, any research into it is fascinating. The new COVID-19 strain is also causing a disease outbreak in persons who have had all of their vaccines.

Methods
The researchers used a clinical model to predict response when giving the third dose of COVID-19 vaccination to sickle-cell disease patients.

Results
This study discovered a role for the third dose of the COVID-19 immunization regimen in the development of infection immunogenicity.

Conclusion
If a third dosage is expected, there are a few mRNA COVID-19 vaccination options to consider.
Feeding Pattern, Prevalence of Malnutrition and Associated Determinants amongst Primary School Children in Rural and Urban Communities of Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Sanni Taofeek Adedayo , Adewoye Kayode Rasak , Durowade Kabir Adekunle , Elegbede Olusegun Elijah , Ipinnimo Tope Michael , Aderinwale Oluseyi Adedeji 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Malnutrition is an increasing health problem amongst children, especially in developing countries. This study assessed and compared the feeding pattern, prevalence and determinants of malnutrition amongst primary school children residing in the rural and the urban communities of Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria.

Methods:
The study employed a cross-sectional comparative study design and was carried out amongst 983 children attending primary schools in Ekiti State, 495 of them from urban and 488 from rural communities using an interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire and the World Health Organization AnthroPlus version 1.0.4 to collect data on the nutritional status and anthropometric indices of the schoolchildren. A multistage sampling technique was used and data collected were analysed using SPSS 23 with the level of statistical significance set at P < 0.05.

Results:
A statistically higher proportion of primary school children in the rural communities (24.8%) had a low dietary diversity score than those in the urban communities (8.5%) (P < 0.001). Less than half of the pupils (47.1% in the urban and 48.6% in the rural communities) were malnourished. Lower birth order, respondents from household with poor toilet facility, lower class in school, low education of caregiver, occupation of household head and father as caregiver were factors associated with malnutrition in both urban and rural communities.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of malnutrition was high in both urban and rural primary school children though higher in rural settings. Furthermore, dietary diversity score and feeding pattern were worse in rural than urban communities.
Into the caves, into the waters
Authors: Turk Peter 
Published: February 2024

People’s ambiguous, ambivalent, non-rational and nonsensical relation towards death is a constant feature throughout the human past. The obvious way of dealing with such a stressful moment in personal and community life is guided by tradition – the well-established system of ways and manners of making spiritual meaning that implicitly answers how to go through this difficult period.
From the long-term perspective, burying the deceased in pre-established burial grounds is a rather recent phenomenon. We can trace the intentionally arranged cemeteries as a continuous and prevalent way of treating the deceased in today’s Slovenia for no more than the last three millennia, from the Late Bronze Age onwards. The treatment of the deceased was much more diverse before that.
From the earliest discoveries of human remains in the territory of Slovenia in the Mesolithic (8th–7th mill. BC) to the Bronze Age (2nd mill. BC), three different major manifestations of treating the remains of the deceased are documented. The first and most numerous was to expose and/or bury the deceased in the caves. The second was keeping the excarnated predecessors’ remains close to the daily life in the settlements. The third was to bury human remains in cemeteries. However, recent research revealed the fourth way of handling the dead – the immersion of their remains in the waters. Only from the Late Bronze Age onwards does burying all the deceased of a given community in communal cemeteries become the dominant custom.
Smrt in ljubezen
Authors: Kaluža Tine 
Published: February 2024

V prispevku avtor analizira ikonografijo vanitas in memento mori v izdajah emblemske knjige Andree Alciatija Emblematum Liber. Osnovo pregledanega fonda predstavljajo temeljne latinske izdaje Alciatija (Augsburg 1531, Pariz 1534, Benetke 1546, Lyon 1547, Lyon 1551, Frankfurt 1567, Antwerpen 1577, Pariz 1583, Padova 1621), vendar se nezanemarljiva odstopanja v vsebini emblemov pojavljajo tudi v drugih dostopnih izdajah 16. in 17. stoletja (Pariz 1536, Pariz 1539, Pariz 1542, Lyon 1549, Lyon 1551, Lyon 1556, Frankfurt ob Majni 1566/67, Pariz 1584, Najera 1615, Ženeva/Köln 1615). Motivika minljivosti je v Alciatijevih emblemih spretno prepletena z motiviko ljubezni in prijateljstva, kar ob Alciatijevem črpanju navdiha iz grške in rimske antike v duhu renesančnega humanizma omogoča ustvarjanje izvirnih ikonografskih motivov in interpretacij. V slednjih je prav jukstapozicija motivike smrti in ljubezni izhodišče za oblikovanje novih vsebin v ikonografiji minljivosti. Prav emblemske knjige se zaradi moralno-didaktične in mestoma satirične naravnanosti zgodnjenovoveških emblemov izkažejo kot eden od ključnih medijev za razvoj in posredovanje tovrstnih vsebin. Prispevek poskuša na primeru ikonološke analize petih emblemov (Tumulus meretricis, Senex pulleam amans, De Morte & Amore, In Formosam fato praeraptam ter In mortem praeraptam) osvetliti slabo raziskano Alciatijevo inovativno interpretacijo in nadgradnjo motivike minljivosti. Ta je zaradi kombiniranja ustaljenih visokosrednjeveških makabrističnih ikonografskih motivov z alegorično govorico zgodnjenovoveških emblemov prežeta z motivi, ki se pred Alciatijevo knjigo niso mogli razviti.
COMMON GENUS OF BENTHIC DIATOMS ON THE SEAFLOOR OF THE SOUTHERN SOUTH CHINA SEA, PENINSULAR MALAYSIA - A PRELIMINARY SURVEY
Authors: REDZUAN NURUL SHAHIDA , M ABDULLAH MAIZAH , NORIZAN NURUL ATHIRAH 
Published: February 2024

This study was conducted to determine the diversity of benthic diatom, which is the most ubiquitous group of the microphytobenthos (MPB) collected on the seafloor of the southern South China Sea along the Peninsular coastal waters during a research expedition in March 2019. Triplicates samples were collected from six stations (E1 to E6), and a total of 968 cells representing 17 species of benthic diatoms were identified and recorded. The highest species richness was recorded at E1 with 16 species, and the least number of species was found at E6 with 9 species recorded. The highest density was recorded at E3 with 30 cells cm-2 and the lowest density was found at E6 with only 3 cells cm-2. Coscinodiscus sp. was the most abundant reported species. Although only preliminary, this study provides an essential baseline data especially due to limited information available on the diversity and richness of benthic diatom in the coastal waters of the South China Sea.
A REVIEW OF ANISAKIS SPP. AND ITS VARIOUS ALLERGENS’ PROFILING AND CHARACTERISATION
Authors: Harun Nor Omaima , WAN HAMID WAN NUR FARIHAH , AHAMAD ZAKERI HAZLINA 
Published: February 2024

Purpose - This review article focuses on the identification and characterization of the allergens present in Anisakis spp., parasitic worms found in coastal fish that can cause anisakiasis in humans who consume raw or contaminated seafood. The study aimed to fill the gap in research by profiling and analyzing the allergens present in Anisakis simplex s.s., Anisakis pegreffii, and the hybrid haplotype.

Design/methodology/approach - To conduct this analysis of Anisakis spp. and its various allergens, a comprehensive bibliographical search was conducted using online sources such as Google Scholar, PubMed Central, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, and Wiley Online Library. These sources provided a diverse range of articles, research papers, and other relevant literature on the subject. The findings of this analysis are based on the extensive review of these sources and provide insights into the allergenicity of Anisakis spp. and the various allergens that it contains.
Findings - The main objective of this review is to analyze the different categories of allergens that cause allergic reactions in patients affected by Anisakis spp.. The findings of the study revealed that Anis 1, Anis 7, and Anis 12 are the most significant allergens, while Anis 4, Anis 5, Anis 6, Anis 8, Anis 9, Anis 10, and Anis 11 are the minor allergens. The review paper emphasizes the importance of understanding the biology and pathogenicity of Anisakis spp. to develop effective therapeutic strategies. The results of this study can assist clinicians and researchers in identifying possible targets for the prevention and treatment of anisakiasis. It also emphasizes the importance of making educated food decisions, properly preparing seafood before consumption, and creating diagnostic tools to quickly spot allergic reactions like anisakiasis. The goal of this study is to enhance public health and increase awareness of anisakiasis. As a result, it may be helpful to clinicians and researchers who are researching Anisakis spp. and related diseases.
Pengaruh Pendapatan Asli Daerah, Pendapatan Transfer dan Pembiayaan Daerah terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Gerbang Kertosusila
Authors: Sofyan Afis , Syaiful Akbar Fajar 
Published: February 2024

The”regional government's financial performance, which is still not at a good stage in the 2017–2021 period, as measured by the Gerbang Kertosusila regional government harmony ratio, is the background for this research. Original regional income, transfer income, and regional financing are elements that influence the financial success of regional governments. The aim of this research is to find out whether regional finances, local original income and transfer income have an effect on the financial performance of the Pintu Kertosusila regional government from 2017 to 2021. The data in this research was collected quantitatively through researcher observation. The research data was then analyzed in SPSS version 25.0 using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. Based on the results of this research, PAD (X1) has a positive impact on regional government financial performance, transfer income (X2) has a negative impact on regional government financial performance, and regional financing (X3) has no significant impact on regional government financial performance.
Fenomena Maraknya Kopi Angkringan di Era Milenial Sekarang
Authors: Wiratno Esa , Fahirah Raisah , Dalimunthe Maulana Adinata 
Published: February 2024

This article aims to find out the reasons for the phenomenon of the rise of angkringan coffee in the current millennial era. The type of research used in this article uses qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Based on the results of the observations made, the researchers found that the rise of angkringan coffee was caused by several factors. Among them, taking advantage of opportunities to run an angkringan business, caring for culture, being aware of the quality of coffee produced from the country, changing behavior and hanging out habits of millennials, community and social space.
Keywords: Phenomenon, Millennials, Angkringan Coffee.