bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Study on In vitro Propagation of Some Imported Peach Rootstocks
a. In vitro Explant Surface Sterilization and Bud Proliferation
Authors: Eliwa Galal I. , El-Dengawy El-Refaey F. , Gawish Mohamed S. , Yamany Mona M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The present study was conducted in the Laboratory of Tissue Culture, Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Egypt. The objective of this study was to establish a micropropagation protocol suitable for three imported peach rootstocks: Okinawa (P. persica), Nemared (P. persica × P. davidiana) × P. persica), and Garnem (P. dulcis × P. persica) in vitro. The results showed that soaking the explants in sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at 20% for 15 minutes produced the highest responsiveness (82.81%), survival (96.61%), with the lowest mortality (3.14%) and contamination (0.24%). Explants of the Garnem genotype had the best response (89.12%), survival (90.62%), lowest mortality (0.00%), and highest contamination (9.37%) when compared to the other genotypes. In comparison with axillary buds, the shoot tip displayed the highest responsiveness, survival, and death (100, 87.40, and 12.59%, respectively), as well as the least significant contamination (0.00%). Additionally, the percentages of responsive, survived, dead, and contaminated explants at the various collection dates varied significantly.
The 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) concentrations used (3 to 5.0 mg/L) demonstrated similar behavior in terms of in vitro proliferation, with rates of 3.77 to 6.11, 4.33 to 8.88, and 3.33 to 7.44 shoot numbers per explant for the Okinawa, Nemared, and Garnem peach rootstocks, respectively, indicating that the number of shoot proliferations is genotype-dependent. Additionally, using 5.0 mg/L BAP in combination with 0.2 mg/L IBA significantly increased average shoot proliferation (96.29%), number of shoots per explant (7.48), and average leaf number/explant (16.33) compared to the other treatments. Based on these results, adventitious bud development was enhanced during in vitro multiplication of the Okinawa, Nemared, and Garnem peach rootstocks by the synergistic interaction of indole-butyric acid (IBA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP).
Evaluation on Quality and Health Risk of Groundwater in a highly-urbanized watershed, China
Authors: Li Jingjing , Zhang You-Kuan , Zhao Yuqing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Urbanizations and industrializations may accelerate the contamination and deterioration of groundwater quality. This study aimed to evaluate the quality and human health risk of shallow groundwater in Shenzhen, China where high levels of urbanization and industrialization are. The hydrochemistry characteristics, water quality levels and human health risks of main ions, nutrient elements, metals in 220 samples collected from Maozhou River Basin (MRB) located in the northwest of Shenzhen were investigated. It showed that chemical constituents of the groundwater were further complicated by seawater intrusion and urbanization expansion. Water quality evaluated by Fuzzy Comprehensive Method showed that 21.05% of samples distributed around reservoirs were classified into grade II or better. Nearly 79% of samples distributed in the densely populated urban land were classified into grade III or worse, indicating pollution from anthropogenic factors cannot be ignored. For the river tidal reach where river stage fluctuated about 0.5 m to 1.5 m within a tidal cycle, the chemical composition of groundwater was influenced by frequent water exchange with the river. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk for different age groups from high to low were children, adult women, adult men, adolescent women, and adolescent men, respectively. Approximately 39% of groundwater samples distributed around the densely populations area with health risk larger than 5×10− 5 were unacceptable for children. This investigation would be helpful for improving groundwater management and as a practical reference for sustainable groundwater exploitation in the MRB.
The effect of natural and chemical stabilizers on soil wind erosion control in the southeast of Ahvaz, Iran
Authors: Naseh Mohammad Reza Vesali , Motahari Mohammad Reza , Kamangar Narges , Velashjerdi Mohammad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Soil wind erosion control has a significant importance for humans and the environment, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Iran, especially in Khuzestan province, is greatly affected by soil wind erosion and the phenomenon of fine dust in recent years. One of the best practical methods to control this destructive phenomenon, is to restrain it at the source through the stabilization of soil in the region. In this paper, the effect of four natural and chemical stabilizers, Polyvinyl acetate, Bentonite, Zeolite, and Silica sol has been studied on the soil of southeast of Ahvaz in Khuzestan. Soil samples were gathered from the study area on trays, and stabilizer solutions were sprayed on each tray to prepare them for the wind tunnel test, Vane shear test, and SEM imagery. The tests were performed 7 and 30 days after the sample preparation to assess the effect of time passing on samples, too. The best performance in terms of soil erosion control, shear strength, and time-passing effect, was observed in the samples stabilized with Silica sol and Polyvinyl acetate. By analyzing SEM images, it was observed that Silica sol and Polyvinyl acetate solutions produced bigger soil particles than the other stabilizers.
Dynamic reduction of neural uncertainty regulates perceptual decisions in a Bayes-optimal manner
Authors: Rangelov Dragan , Bitzer Sebastian , Mattingley Jason 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Fast and accurate decisions are fundamental for adaptive behaviour. Theories of decision making posit that evidence in favour of different choices is gradually accumulated until a critical value is reached. It remains unclear, however, which aspects of the neural code get updated during evidence accumulation. Here we investigated whether evidence accumulation relies on a gradual increase in the precision of neural representations of sensory input. Healthy human volunteers discriminated global motion direction over a patch of moving dots, and their brain activity was recorded using electroencephalography. Time-resolved neural uncertainty was estimated using multivariate feature-specific analyses of brain activity. Behavioural measures were modelled using iterative Bayesian inference either on its own (i.e., the full model), or by swapping free model parameters with neural uncertainty estimates derived from brain recordings. The neurally-restricted model was further refitted using randomly shuffled neural uncertainty. The full model and the unshuffled neural model yielded very good and comparable fits to the data, while the shuffled neural model yielded worse fits. Taken together, the findings reveal that the brain relies on reducing neural uncertainty to regulate decision making. They also provide neurobiological support for Bayesian inference as a fundamental computational mechanism in support of decision making.
Angioembolization of Scrotal AVM, A Mis-diagnosed Case Treated as Varicocele
Authors: Bagheri Arash Khameneh , Khoshnevis Jalaluddin , Sadiqi Jamshid 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Scrotal Artero-venus malformation (AVM) is a rare congenital vascular anomaly which is demonstrated as swelling, heaviness, pain and bleeding in inguinal and scrotal area and in some cases may result in azoospermia and infertility. Therefore, this can be misdiagnosed with other usual pathologies of scrotum such as hernia and varicocele. Here we present a case of scrotal AVM which was misdiagnosed as varicocele followed by unnecessary varicocelectomy. Finally, diagnostic angiography confirmed the diagnosis and successful angioembolization was performed for the patient.
Bridge-rich and loop-less hydrogel networks through suppressed micellization of multiblock polyelectrolytes
Authors: Kim Youn Soo , Han Jihoon , Najafi Saeed , Park Jiwon , Koo Jun Mo , Kim Jehan , Chung Taehun , Han Im Kyung , Chae Suhun , Cho Dong-Woo , Jang Jinah , Jeong Unyong , Lee Eunji , Fredrickson Glenn , Shea Joan-Emma 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Most ABA triblock copolymer-based physical hydrogels form three-dimensional networks through micellar packing, and formation of polymer loops represents a topological defect that diminishes hydrogel elasticity. This effect can be mitigated by maximizing the fraction of elastically effective bridges in the hydrogel network. Herein, we report hydrogels constructed by complexing oppositely charged multiblock copolymers designed with a sequence pattern that maximizes the entropic and enthalpic penalty of micellization. These copolymers self-assemble into branched and bridge-rich network units (netmers), instead of forming sparsely interlinked micelles. We found that the storage modulus of the netmer-based hydrogel was 11.5 times higher than that of the micelle-based hydrogel. Complementary coarse grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) simulations revealed that in the netmer-based hydrogels, the numbers of charge-complexed nodes and mechanically reinforcing bridges increase substantially relative to ABA micelle-based hydrogels.
Rice Husk Ash Based Growing Media Impact on Cucumber and Melon Growth and Quality
Authors: LI Meng , FAZRY Shazrul , GAO Tian-tian , NING Xian-peng , OTHMAN Babul Airianah , NAJM Ahmad Abdul Kareem , LAW Douglas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of rice husk ash (RHA) composite substrate on plant growth, photosynthetic parameters, and fruit quality of cucumber (Yuyi Longxiang variety) and melon (Yutian Yangjiaomi variety). RHA, peat, vermiculite, and perlite were mixed in different proportions, and the conventional seedling substrate (peat: vermiculite: perlite = 1:1:1 volume ratio) was used as the control (CK). All plants were cultures in cultivation barrels filled with 10L mixed substrates. The results showed that compared with CK, RHA 40 (RHA: peat: vermiculite: Perlite = 4:4:1:1 volume ratio) could improve the ventilation of mixed substrate and improve the stem diameter, root activity, seedling index, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) of cucumber and melon plants. In addition, under RHA 40, the single fruit weight of cucumber and melon increased by 34.62% and 21.67% compared with CK. It also increased the contents of sucrose, total soluble sugar, vitamin C, and soluble protein, and enhanced the activities of sucrose synthase (SS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS). In conclusion, the matrix ratio of RHA 40 (RHA: peat: vermiculite: Perlite = 4:4:1:1 volume ratio) had the best effect and could be used as the matrix formula for cucumber and melon cultivation.
Vitamin D prevents gestational diabetes mellitus via modulating glycometabolism
Authors: Gu Suyan , Chen Xiao , Liu Yongli 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common disease during pregnancy that has adverse effects on both the mother and fetus. There is currently no systematically research on the effect of vitamin supplementation on GDM pregnant mother and their offspring. This work supplemented the GDM pregnant mouse model with vitamin D and found that vitamin D can effectively alleviate the hyperglycemia in GDM pregnant mice, increase blood insulin and adiponectin concentrations, and improve GTT and ITT in pregnant mice. In addition, vitamin D can reduce the incidence of death and high birth weight of offspring caused by GDM. The offspring of GDM pregnant mice had higher blood glucose levels in the first 5 weeks after birth compared to the normal group, and then returned to normal levels. Vitamin D can alleviate abnormal glucose metabolism in newborn mice. The therapeutic effect exhibited by vitamin D may be due to their anti-inflammatory effects, as vitamin D supplementation significantly reduces the levels of TFN-α, MCP-1, IL-1β and IL-8 in the blood. Vitamin D also regulates liver lipid metabolism, resulting in a decrease in liver lipid accumulation and a decrease in blood triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (CHO) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). The results of this study demonstrate that vitamin D supplementation can serve as an effective treatment strategy for alleviating GDM symptoms.
Tortuosity of pore channels in tight rocks as a key parameter in fluid flow ability
Authors: Krakowska-Madejska Paulina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Tortuosity is a significant parameter in porous materials analysis. Not only, when it comes to rocks or soils but also cellular materials, alloys or cells. The multiple definitions exists for tortuosity and several purposes. Geometrical tortuosity describes the pore network paths, on the other hand- thermal, diffusional, electrical and hydraulic tortuosity refers to the transport processes in the pore network. Computed X-ray tomography is the best solution in tortuosity estimation, thanks to the 3D images. In particular, computed X-ray tomography, together with mercury porosimetry, pulse- and pressure-decay permeability methods, as well as electrical parameter measurements, link and expand the information about the tortuosity into the greater meaning. The geological material was composed of tight, low-porosity and low-permeability gas-saturated rocks cored from the present depth of deposition below 3000 m, containing different lithologies, as sandstones, mudstones, limestones and dolomites. The research presents the novel approach in the identification and analysis of the main pore channels based on 3D CT images. Algorithm of the central axis identifies and analyzes the whole main flow path and calculates tortuosity. High correlation was observed between the tortuosity and Swanson parameter from mercury porosimetry data. Moreover, the high correlation was detected between the tortuosity and saturation exponent from electrical parameter measurement in analyzed tight low-porosity and low-permeability deposits.
Multilinear regression allows estimating absolute permeability taking CT, MICP and EPM parameters into consideration. Combination of these parameters in one equation with high determination coefficient gives credence in estimating preliminary absolute permeability based on the data which is executed as standard core analysis (MICP, EPM) and data from the non-invasive method (CT).
SPIN1 accelerates tumorigenesis and confers radioresistance of non-small cell lung cancer via orchestrating the FOXO3a/FOXM1 axis
Authors: Zhong Min , Fang Zhi , Zou Juntao , Chen Xiao , Qiu Zezhi , Zhou Ling , Le Yi , Chen Zhen , Liao Yanyu , Nie Fengting , Wei Xianpin , Zhan Jinbo , Xiong Jianping , Xiang Xiaojun , Fang Ziling 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background Radioresistance is a predominant obstacle of effective treatments in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), while the underlying mechanism remains incompletely elucidated. Spindlin 1(SPIN1) has been reported to participate in tumor initiation and progression. Herein, this study aims to explore the role and mechanism of SPIN1 in NSCLC progression and radioresistance.Methods Bioinformatics analysis, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting were performed to test SPIN1 expression in NSCLC samples and cell lines. The carcinogenic role of SPIN1 was evaluated by cell growth and proliferation, EdU staining, transwell and colony formation assays. Besides, the radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells was determined by clonogenic cell survival, neutral comet and γ-H2AX and Rad51 foci formation assays. Xenograft tumor model was constructed to access the effects of SPIN1 on tumorigenesis and radiosensitivity. RNA sequencing, quantitative real-time PCR, CHX and ubiquitination assays were applied to elucidate the correlation between SPIN1 and FOXO3a-FOXM1 axis.Results We found that SPIN1 was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and cell lines compared with corresponding controls. And SPIN1 overexpression was closely correlated with disease progression and poor prognosis in NSCLC patients. Functionally, depletion of SPIN1 impaired cell proliferation, delayed cell cycle progression and suppressed migration and invasion. Moreover, SPIN1 knockdown reduced the clonogenic capacity, impaired double-strand break (DSB) repair and enhanced NSCLC radiosensitivity. Mechanistically, forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) was identified as a key downstream effector of SPIN1 in NSCLC cells. Furthermore, SPIN1 facilitates MDM2 mediated FOXO3a ubiquitination and degradation, leading to FOXM1 upregulation. More convincingly, reintroduction of FOXM1 markedly abolished the inhibitory effects and elevated radiosensitivity induced by SPIN1 depletion.Conclusion Our results suggest that the SPIN1-MDM2-FOXO3a/FOXM1 signaling axis is essential for NSCLC progression and radioresistance, and it could serve as therapeutic targets in irradiation-resistance NSCLC.
Biomechanical Insights into Ankle Instability: A Finite Element Analysis of Posterior Malleolus Fractures
Authors: Ying Jichong , Liu Jianlei , Wang Hua , Zhuang Yunqiang , Yu Tianming , Wang Shuaiyi , Huang Dichao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background Posterior malleolus fractures are known to be associated with ankle instability. The complexities involved in obtaining precise lab-based spatial pressure measurements of the ankle highlight the significance of exploring the biomechanical implications of these fractures.Methods Finite element analysis was utilized to examine the stress distribution across the contact surface of the ankle joint, both in its natural state and under varied sagittal fracture line angles. The study aimed to identify stress concentration zones and understand the influence of sagittal angles on stress distribution.Results Three distinct stress concentration zones were identified on the ankle's contact surface: the anterolateral tibia, the anteromedial tibia, and the fracture line. The most significant stress was observed at the fracture line when a fracture occurs. Stress at the fracture line notably spikes as the sagittal angle decreases, which can potentially compromise ankle stability. Larger sagittal angles exhibited only minor stress variations at the contact surface's three vertices. It was inferred that sagittal angles below 60 degrees might pose risks to ankle stability.Conclusions The research underscores the potential implications of fractures on the stress profile of the ankle joint, emphasizing the role of the contact surface in ensuring stability. The identification of three zones of stress concentration and the influence of sagittal angles on stress distribution offers a valuable reference for therapeutic decision-making. Further, the study reinforces the importance of evaluating sagittal fracture angles, suggesting that angles below 60 degrees may compromise ankle stability.
PCBA analysis using X-ray images with processing tools.
Authors: Terra Nathália Mattos , Santiago Sandro Breval , Vieira Adalena Kennedy , Vieira Raimundo Kennedy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The electronics industry is one of the fastest evolution, innovative, and competitive industries. Quality standards have been improved to meet the high demands of modern products, and new technologies have been applied for defect detection to meet customers’ requirements. The importance of image processing tools becomes inevitable. This work deals with images obtained through X-ray for inspection in PCBA to identify non-conformities and provides assertive interpretation in less time. Software associated with the database of images collected from the product will be applied, and the criteria from IPC standards will be used to verify compliance.
A semi-supervised video dehazing method based on CNNs
Authors: WANG Fan , MA Weixin , WANG Le , DAI Peng , LIU Junbo , LI Hailang , ZHAO Xinxin , WANG Ning , FANG Yue , WANG Shengchun , Pei Yanting 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

To solve the problems that no corresponding clear videos are available for real haze videos of high-speed comprehensive detection train and a supervised method cannot be used for training, a semi-supervised video dehazing method based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is proposed. First of all, this paper introduces the limitations of the existing dehazing algorithms and the ideas to solve such limitations. Secondly, the video dehazing model proposed is introduced, which consists of a dynamic haze generator and a dehazing device. In addition to the experimental design, the process of acquiring and constructing the railway video dataset, experimental loss constraint items, evaluation methods, and experimental configurations are presented. Specifically, the process of acquiring and constructing the railway video dataset is to process the video data acquired during the running process of high-speed comprehensive detection train into multiple scene materials according to the haze concentration, and to synthesize haze videos using a clear video haze adding tool. Finally, we compare the proposed method with the classical dehazing methods based on the synthetic and real haze video datasets quantitatively and qualitatively. Experimental results show that the video dehazing method proposed herein is very effective in dehazing
Active sport participation and walking before and during COVID-19 pandemic in a large cohort of Polish adults: results of NTZP
Authors: Szychowska Agnieszka , Zimny-Zając Anna , Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk Elżbieta , Grodzicki Tomasz , Zdrojewski Tomasz , Gajda Robert , Kwaśniewska Magdalena , Drygas Wojciech 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant changes in daily life, including changes in physical activity levels. This study aims to examine the impact of the pandemic on sport participation and walking among Polish adults using data from the National Test for Poles' Health (NTZP), a large-scale online survey, with over 300 000 participants in each year. The survey was conducted before and one year after the pandemic onset in Poland. The results revealed that the percentage of respondents engaging in at least 2 hours of sport/week increased by 2,3% (from 24,6% to 26,9%) and percentage of respondents not engaging in any sport decreased by 2,5% (from 48,0% to 45,5%). These trends were observed across different age, sex, dwelling-place, education level, and employment groups. Percentage of respondents declaring they spend more than 2 hours/day on walking also increased, from 5,6% to 6,6%. Furthermore, a positive association was found between sport participation and walking time. The findings suggest a slight improvement in physical activity levels among Polish adults during the pandemic, which may be attributed to factors such as increased time available due to remote work and the prioritization of health during the crisis. Further research is needed to explore the long-term consequences of the pandemic on physical activity and public health.