bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decoding the synergistic potential of MAZ‐51 and zingerone as therapy for melanoma treatment in alignment with sustainable development goals
Authors: Letsoalo Kganya , Nortje Evangeline , Patrick Sean , Nyakudya Trevor , Hlophe Yvette 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMelanoma, an invasive class of skin cancer, originates from mutations in melanocytes, the pigment‐producing cells. Globally, approximately 132,000 new cases are reported each year, and in South Africa, the incidence stands at 2.7 per 100,000 people, signifying a worrisome surge in melanoma rates. Therefore, there is a need to explore treatment modalities that will target melanoma's signalling pathways. Melanoma metastasis is aided by ligand activity of transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (TGF‐β1), vascular endothelial growth factor‐C (VEGF‐C) and C‐X‐C chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) which bind to their receptors and promote tumour cell survival, lymphangiogenesis and chemotaxis. (3‐(4‐dimethylaminonaphthelen‐1‐ylmethylene)‐1,3‐dihydroindol‐2‐one) MAZ‐51 is an indolinone‐based molecule that inhibits VEGF‐C induced phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR‐3). Despite the successful use of conventional cancer therapies, patients endure adverse side effects and cancer drug resistance. Moreover, conventional therapies are toxic to the environment and caregivers. The use of medicinal plants and their phytochemical constituents in cancer treatment strategies has become more widespread because of the rise in drug resistance and the development of unfavourable side effects. Zingerone, a phytochemical derived from ginger exhibits various pharmacological properties positioning it as a promising candidate for cancer treatment. This review provides an overview of melanoma biology and the intracellular signalling pathways promoting cell survival, proliferation and adhesion. There is a need to align health and environmental objectives within sustainable development goals 3 (good health and well‐being), 13 (climate action) and 15 (life on land) to promote early detection of skin cancer, enhance sun‐safe practices, mitigation of environmental factors and advancing the preservation of biodiversity, including medicinal plants. Thus, this review discusses the impact of cytostatic cancer drugs on patients and the environment and examines the potential use of phytochemicals as adjuvant therapy.
A retrospective analysis of historical data of multi‐environment trials for dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Michigan
Authors: Volpato Leonardo , Wright Evan M. , Bales Scott , Gomez Francisco E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPlant breeding programs use multi‐environment trials (METs) to test multiple genotypes with the aim of selecting superior lines and increasing genetic gain. However, METs can be affected by the genotype × environment interactions (GEI) which hinders the ability to identify stable and high‐yielding dry bean varieties. This study investigates the impact of GEI on grain yield (GY) in three dry bean market classes across multiple environments in Michigan. The goal is to identify genotypes with superior performance under GEI effects and describe the genetic correlation between locations and other agronomic traits. Furthermore, we evaluate genetic yield trends on three major dry bean market classes in Michigan. Using linear mixed models, stability analysis, and a multi‐trait index, this study accounted for the effects of the environment on genotype performance to improve the prediction of GY. Our results highlight the importance of considering GEI in dry bean breeding programs to enhance the selection accuracy of GY. The genotype by environment interaction biplot analysis and the GEI model aided in identifying and classifying mega‐environments, leading to specific strategies for testing commercial bean classes across target production environments. Multiple‐trait performance selection showed positive results, although limited gains were observed for early maturing genotypes. Finally, the analysis of genetic trends reveals a positive trend in yield for black beans, while navy beans and small red beans show a slight decrease which can be attributed to unfavorable growing conditions and lack of genetic diversity in these market classes.
Transcription factors FtMYB22 negatively regulates anthocyanin synthesis by forming an MBW ternary complex in Tartary buckwheat
Authors: Zhao Haixia , Liu Lisong , Chen Ying , Li Chenglei , Wu Huala , Wang Tao , Shan Zhi , Wang Xiaoli , Wu Qi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAnthocyanins are important flavonoid compounds that are abundant in Tartary buckwheat, providing a variety of bright colors and enhancing abiotic stress resistance. Our study found that FtMYB22 specifically affected anthocyanin anabolism. In this study, overexpression of the FtMYB22 transcription factor in tobacco significantly reduced the accumulation of flavonol in the petals of transgenic tobacco plants. Moreover, it significantly downregulated the expression of the genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in tobacco. Overexpression of the FtMYB22 transcription factor in Tartary buckwheat hairy roots significantly inhibited anthocyanin and total flavonoids biosynthesis, and downregulated the expression of the anthocyanin biosynthesis genes. Comparing wild‐type and transgenic hairy roots, FtMYB22 overexpression significantly inhibited anthocyanin accumulation and downregulated most flavonoid synthesis pathway gene expression. Yeast two‐hybrid assays demonstrated that FtMYB22 could interact with the FtbHLH family member FtTT8 and the FtWD40 family member FtTTG1 to form a ternary MBW complex to inhibit anthocyanin synthesis. Therefore, FtMYB22 can be exploited as a target site for further gene editing and molecular breeding to improve the resilience and quality of Tartary buckwheat.
Seed yield and quality of interspecific hybrids of Paspalum plicatulum × P. guenoarum at different harvest times
Authors: Scienza Carolina , Antoniolli Júlio , Longhi Júlia , Dias Letícia W. , Silveira Diógenes Cecchin , Sampaio Rodrigo , de Ávila Victor S. , Escosteguy Luis A. , Simioni Carine , Weiler Roberto Luis , Dall'Agnol Miguel , Brunes André Pich 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPaspalum guenoarum is a warm‐season perennial grass, with a caespitose growth habit. The species is native to southern Brazilian grasslands and has been used in interspecific hybridizations because of its high palatability, resistance to trampling and grazing, and cold tolerance. Previous studies reported improvements in forage production and the nutritive value of hybrid material. However, there are limited data about seed production and seed quality of these hybrids. The aim of this study was to quantify the optimal time to harvest seed of three Paspalum plicatulum × P. guenoarum hybrids (08Q01, 104026, and 105052). Seed yield and seed quality were determined. Hybrids were harvested at 10, 20, and 30 days after flowering and evaluated for the components of seed yield, vigor, and viability. The optimum time to harvest was 20 days after the beginning of flowering. A >50% yield reduction, due to seed shattering, occurred when harvesting was delayed beyond 20 days. Harvesting <20 days after flowering resulted in a high percentage of empty spikelets and seeds with low vigor and viability. About 75% of the seed shattering took place 10–20 days after flowering, and for the 104026 and 105052 hybrids, >50% of seed was during this period. Hybrid 105052 had superior seed yield (2380 ± 280 kg ha−1) and similar seed quality. These two characteristics, among others, are the most important ones when recommending a new commercial cultivar for release.
Citric Acid as Multidentate Flexible Ligand for Multinuclear Late‐3 d‐Metal Complexes and Single‐Molecule Magnets
Authors: Wakizaka Masanori , Yamashita Masahiro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCitric acid (citH4) is a ubiquitous product in nature with an interesting chemistry owing to its three carboxy and one hydroxy groups, which can be deprotonated in a stepwise manner into six kinds of citrate anions involving two protonation isomers. Deprotonated citrates easily coordinate to late‐3d‐metal ions (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn), affording complexes including mono‐, di‐, tri‐, tetra‐, hexa‐, hepta‐, octa‐, nona‐, and 21‐nuclear complexes with a variety of structures. Magnetic interactions between metal centers are mainly generated via superexchange through hydroxylate or carboxylate bridging, whereas weaker magnetic dipole interactions appear in the absence of superexchange interactions. In citrate complexes, both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions have been found. Citrate has a great potential to serve as a bridge between spin quantum magnetism and green chemistry. In this review, the structures and magnetism of discrete citrate complexes of late‐3d‐metals, as well as their single‐molecule magnet properties are discussed.
Impact of variation in input parameters on energy matrices of dual slope active solar desalting unit
Authors: Krishna Hari , Singh Jeeoot , Dwivedi Vijay Kumar , Singh Desh Bandhu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article presents the relationship between energy matrices of a dual slope solar desalting unit integrated with a number (N) of photovoltaic thermal flat plate collectors (NPVTFPC‐DSU) and the effect of variation in mass flow rate and N for a sustainable solar distillation. Although extensive research has been done on dual slope active solar desalting unit, however, the area of the impact of variation in and N on energy matrices of NPVTFPC‐DSU remains still untouched. This study is an attempt to bridge the gap that has been highlighted. An exhaustive analysis is performed considering all types of climatic situations of New Delhi, India. MATLAB is used to calculate the overall energy, exergy, and energy matrices for NPVTFPC‐DSU based on fundamental equations and relevant data as inputs. Concludingly, it is evident that there is a decrease in the value of energy payback period and life cycle conversion efficiency as the value of increases at a given value of N for ≤ 0.10 kg s−1. For kg s−1, the values remain constant. For NPVTFPC‐DSU, 6 and 10 are the best and most favorable values of N as far as energy‐based energy matrices and exergy‐based energy matrices are concerned.
Understanding tectonics from fluvial topography by using the stochastic‐threshold incision model: Theory and application to the Dadu River basin, eastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wang Yizhou , Zheng Dewen , Zhang Huiping 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe flood distribution and bedrock incision threshold exert important influences on the erosion efficiency, which can result into a nonlinear scaling between channel steepness (normalized channel gradients for the downstream increases in drainage area) and erosion rates. Here, we explore the incorporation of both river incision threshold and discharge probability distribution into erosion efficiency to construct a stochastic‐threshold incision model equation to simulate river power incision and the evolution of fluvial topography. Assuming time‐dependent tectonic uplift, we develop a closed‐form analytical solution to the model equation and derive a linear inverse procedure to retrieve relative uplift rate history from river longitudinal profiles. Application of the inverse scheme to the Dadu River basin in the eastern Tibetan Plateau produces a history with three‐phase increases in the uplift/incision rates during the Cenozoic. We use the inversion results to forward the time‐changed river long profile, which indicates the existence of paleo relief before the Oligocene and significant contributions of the late Miocene regional uplift and early Pleistocene river capture on the present topography.
A framework to demonstrate the utility and safety of the observational method
Authors: Roper Thomas , Bertuzzi Robert , Oliveira David , Karlovšek Jurij 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUnderground engineering projects are often characterised by significant uncertainties, leading to complex decision‐making when selecting appropriate design methods. Traditional approaches, such as the observational method (OM), have been widely used but rarely explicitly account for the integration of risk, costs, construction timeframes and engineering judgement. Successfully reaching a consensus to implement the OM on tunnelling projects can be challenging and requires ensuring stakeholders understand how the method impacts structural safety. Fostering such understanding can be an arduous process. A risk‐based decision framework is introduced using expected utility theory to aid the decision to choose the OM, or not. The framework integrates risk, cost, construction timelines and engineering judgement within an economic decision model using a probabilistic approach. It is tested on a Sydney, Australia case study. A Monte Carlo model analysis examines contingency actions and structural failure probability when applying the OM. The case study highlights the significance of considering indirect costs in complex decisions and harnesses experienced professionals’ insights for a comprehensive risk and cost assessment. We conclude that merging probabilistic‐based design with OM enhances the ability to demonstrate structural safety and economic factors within a unified model.
Intraoperative AI‐assisted early prediction of parathyroid and ischemia alert in endoscopic thyroid surgery
Authors: Wang Bo , Yu Jia‐Fan , Lin Si‐Ying , Li Yi‐Jian , Huang Wen‐Yu , Yan Shou‐Yi , Wang Si‐Si , Zhang Li‐Yong , Cai Shao‐Jun , Wu Si‐Bin , Li Meng‐Yao , Wang Ting‐Yi , Abdelhamid Ahmed Amr H. , Randolph Gregory W. , Chen Fei , Zhao Wen‐Xin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe preservation of parathyroid glands is crucial in endoscopic thyroid surgery to prevent hypocalcemia and related complications. However, current methods for identifying and protecting these glands have limitations. We propose a novel technique that has the potential to improve the safety and efficacy of endoscopic thyroid surgery.PurposeOur study aims to develop a deep learning model called PTAIR 2.0 (Parathyroid gland Artificial Intelligence Recognition) to enhance parathyroid gland recognition during endoscopic thyroidectomy. We compare its performance against traditional surgeon‐based identification methods.Materials and methodsParathyroid tissues were annotated in 32 428 images extracted from 838 endoscopic thyroidectomy videos, forming the internal training cohort. An external validation cohort comprised 54 full‐length videos. Six candidate algorithms were evaluated to select the optimal one. We assessed the model's performance in terms of initial recognition time, identification duration, and recognition rate and compared it with the performance of surgeons.ResultsUtilizing the YOLOX algorithm, we developed PTAIR 2.0, which demonstrated superior performance with an AP50 score of 92.1%. The YOLOX algorithm achieved a frame rate of 25.14 Hz, meeting real‐time requirements. In the internal training cohort, PTAIR 2.0 achieved AP50 values of 94.1%, 98.9%, and 92.1% for parathyroid gland early prediction, identification, and ischemia alert, respectively. Additionally, in the external validation cohort, PTAIR outperformed both junior and senior surgeons in identifying and tracking parathyroid glands (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe AI‐driven PTAIR 2.0 model significantly outperforms both senior and junior surgeons in parathyroid gland identification and ischemia alert during endoscopic thyroid surgery, offering potential for enhanced surgical precision and patient outcomes.
N‐Methyl‐N‐Alkylaminocyclopentanes: Powerful and Selective β‐d‐Glucocerebrosidase Inhibitors
Authors: Weber Patrick , Fischer Roland , Nasseri Seyed A. , Pabst Bettina M. , Prasch Herwig , Stütz Arnold E. , Thonhofer Martin , Withers Stephen G. , Windischhofer Werner , Wrodnigg Tanja M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBuilding upon a previously established (2+3)‐cycloaddition strategy, a series of N,N‐dialkylated aminocyclopentanes was synthesized using a partially protected eno‐furanose as the starting point. The resulting N‐methylisoxazolidine was subsequently transformed into the corresponding aminocyclopentane, which was further N‐alkylated, yielding a collection of compounds with potential as inhibitors and pharmacological chaperones of β‐d‐glucocerebrosidase. A comprehensive screening involving a range of biologically relevant glycosidases unveiled that these compounds exhibit remarkable potency and selectivity as inhibitors of human lysosomal β‐d‐glucocerebrosidase. However, none of these compounds exhibit significant activity enhancement of Morbus Gaucher related p.N409S/p.L483P mutant β‐d‐glucocerebrosidase.
Student and clinical supervisor perceptions of community‐based dental educational experiences: A scoping review
Authors: Taylor Millicent R. , Carr Sandra E. , Baynes Lida , Kujan Omar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeThis scoping review was conducted to map the breadth of experiences in community‐based dental education (CBDE), as reported by students and clinical supervisors.MethodsThis scoping review was conducted following the structured framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and adhering to PRISMA‐SCR guidelines for scoping reviews. Applying specified eligibility criteria, a systematic search of four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science) was followed by data extraction and data synthesis of full‐text articles. Research was conducted between June 2022 and September 2022.ResultsSixteen articles were identified for the final full‐text review. Utilizing a narrative thematic review, the following five domains emerged: preparation for autonomous practice, understanding of primary care dentistry, understanding of health disparities and patient needs, clinical confidence, clinical diversity, and skill development, and perspectives on quality of teaching and assessment.ConclusionCommunity/outreach dental education effectively supplements traditional dental school‐based education from the perspectives of students and community‐based clinical supervisors.
Perceived stress among dental students and the role of parental influence in career decision‐making
Authors: AlJameel AlBandary H. , Talakey Arwa A. , AlFarhan Ghalya , Qadoumi Majd , AlNowaiser Norah , AlShibani Yara , AlMalki Sultan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe current study aimed to assess perceived stress levels among dental students at Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to explore the influence of parental roles in their decision to pursue dentistry as a potential source of social stress.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study employed the validated Dental Environmental Stress (DES) Scale to evaluate perceived stress, and incorporated additional questions to fulfill the research aim. We approached all undergraduate dental students at King Saud University, both male and female, across all academic years, using online channels (such as emails, WhatsApp, Twitter, etc.) and hard copy distribution. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 20, utilizing descriptive and correlation statistics.ResultsA total of 326 students participated in the study, with an even distribution of male and female students. Female students reported higher levels of stress compared to their male counterparts across most DES domains. A notable correlation emerged between mean DES scores in certain domains and influence of parents in the decision to pursue dentistry.ConclusionOur findings indicate that female dental students experience higher stress levels than males in all examined areas, barring social stressors. Furthermore, the study underscores the significant impact of parental involvement in choosing dentistry as a career on students’ stress level.
Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the gallbladder: A single institute analysis of outcomes and prognostic factors
Authors: Nandy Kunal , Patkar Shraddha , Yadav Subhash , Ostwal Vikas , Ramaswamy Anant , Bhargav Prabhat , Goel Mahesh 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionNeuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are classified as neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs), and mixed neuroendocrine and nonneuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) according to World Health Organization classification. We present our experience of NENs of the gallbladder (GB) from a high‐volume cancer hospital.Materials and MethodsThe present study is a retrospective analysis of all patients with GB NENs who presented between January 2015 and June 2023. The patient details and treatment received with follow‐up were noted. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).ResultsA total of 147 patients were included in the study. The median age was 52 (27–81) years. There was a female predominance (70.7%). NEC was the most common subtype (84.4%) followed by MiNEN (12.9%) and NET (2.7%). The most common stage at presentation was metastatic (70.7%) followed by locally advanced (21.8%), and early disease (7.5%). The median follow‐up was 9.92 (1.77–76.06) months. Median OS was 6.14 (3.93–8.35) months. Median OS in patients who received multimodality treatment was 20.20 (17.99–22.41) months versus 4.00 (2.91–5.10) months in those who did not receive it.ConclusionGB NENs are rare, but aggressive tumors with NEC being the most common type. Multimodality treatment yields favorable outcomes. However, the development of better systemic therapy is needed to help improve survival further.
WhatsApp — what’s that?
Authors: Clark David , Nicholas David , Herman Eti , Abrizah Abdullah , Watkinson Anthony , Rodríguez‐Bravo Blanca , Boukacem‐Zeghmouri Cherifa , Świgoń Marzena , Xu Jie , Jamali Hamid R. , Sims David , Serbina Galina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this, the second iteration of our continuing ‘Harbingers of Change’ project, over 160 early career researchers (ECRs) from eight countries were questioned about their scholarly communications. Three repeat in‐depth interviews were conducted over 2 years of the pandemic to chart changes in attitude and behaviour. This paper provides interview findings (and an extensive literature review) regarding the role played by social media platforms. It was prompted by an initial review of the data that highlighted significant changes in the attitudes and behaviour of Malaysian ECRs, especially in respect to WhatsApp. Data were provided from several open‐ended interview questions about social media, a few interviewer prompts for individual platform names, and, indirectly, from ‘mentions’ of individual platforms in answers to a range of questions about scholarly communications. Findings were: (1) 15 platforms were mentioned in respect to a range of scholarly activities, most notably visibility and reach; (2) Twitter (now X) was the most mentioned, by half the ECRs; (3) ‘churn’ is a notable observation, with large gains and losses in mentions occurring between interviews; (4) large differences between countries, with Malaysian ECRs very much leading on the adoption of social media and largely responsible for the rise of WhatsApp, French ECRs showing little interest, and China a different space where WeChat reigns supreme and foreign platforms are blocked.