bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetic Pneumopathy- A Novel Diabetes-associated Complication:
Pathophysiology, the Underlying Mechanism and Combination Medication
Authors: Dwivedi Jyotsana , Wal Pranay , Dash Biswajit , Ovais Mohammad , Sachan Pranjal , Verma Vaibhav 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The "diabetic lung" has been identified as a possible target organ in
diabetes, with abnormalities in ventilation control, bronchomotor tone, lung volume, pulmonary
diffusing capacity, and neuroadrenergic bronchial innervation.

Objective:
This review summarizes studies related to diabetic pneumopathy, pathophysiology
and a number of pulmonary disorders including type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Methodology:
Electronic searches were conducted on databases such as Pub Med, Wiley Online
Library (WOL), Scopus, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using standard keywords
“diabetes,” “diabetes Pneumopathy,” “Pathophysiology,” “Lung diseases,” “lung infection” for
review articles published between 1978 to 2023 very few previous review articles based their
focus on diabetic pneumopathy and its pathophysiology.

Results:
Globally, the incidence of diabetes mellitus has been rising. It is a chronic, progressive
metabolic disease. The "diabetic lung" may serve as a model of accelerated ageing since diabetics'
rate of respiratory function deterioration is two to three-times higher than that of normal,
non-smoking people.

Conclusion:
Diabetes-induced pulmonary dysfunction has not gained the attention it deserves
due to a lack of proven causality and changes in cellular properties. The mechanism underlying
a particular lung illness can still only be partially activated by diabetes but there is evidence that
hyperglycemia is linked to pulmonary fibrosis in diabetic people.
Collective Diagnostic Prototypical in Internet of Medical Things for
Depression Identification using Deep Learning Algorithm
Authors: Selvarajan Shitharth , Thirumalaisamy Manikandan , Manoharan Hariprasath , Devendiran Ramkumar , Narayanan S. Lakshmi , Kumar Ashwani 
Published: October 2023

Background::
The majority of wearable technology is employed in the Internet of Medical
Things (IoMT) health monitoring systems to recognize various bodily indicators. All monitored
values are sent to a central server, where they are all treated by experts at the appropriate
moment. Therefore, by expanding the use of wireless devices, it has been discovered that such
communication technologies can recognize specific depression traits and mood swings.

Objectives::
The major objective of the proposed method is to analyze the disputes that arise in the
characteristics of an individual by observing the leveling periods that are identified from the processed
image. In addition, the rate of data transfer in case of any dispute is maximized therefore
recognition problem is solved at a minimized distance. Further, the steady state probability values
are achieved at low delay thus minimizing the dropout packets in the monitored system using
IoMT and LSTM.

Methods::
A balanced record with four distinct parameters—such as livelihood, self-reliance, correlation,
and precision—is employed with the projected model on IoMT for depression identification.
As a result, high data transfer rates and low distance separation are used to process the identification
framework. Additionally, by combining an original matrix representation with the input
feature set using LSTM, a novel framework with great efficiency is created.

Results::
In order to assess the results of IoMT using LSTM, four situations are split apart and
their probability ratios are calculated. The results of each situation are then contrasted with the
current methodology, and it is found that when there is a low dropout ratio, depression in a person
is quickly diagnosed.

Conclusion::
The comparison analysis demonstrates that the proposed method, when compared to
the current method, offers the best-compromised outcomes at roughly 64%.
Optimal Control Strategy of Electro-hydraulic Position Servo System
Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Zhu Xunyi , Zhang Bing , Rao Junsen 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The optimal control strategy has been widely used in electro-hydraulic
position servo systems to achieve high-precision position tracking. However, the difficulty of selecting
the weighted matrices in optimal control often leads to poor tracking accuracy.

Objective:
This patent proposes an optimal control strategy using a genetic algorithm to improve
the tracking accuracy of the electro-hydraulic servo system.

Methods:
The patent first established the system state equation of the valve-controlled asymmetric
cylinder. Secondly, based on linear quadratic optimal control theory and genetic algorithm, an
optimal control strategy using a genetic algorithm was proposed. Finally, the simulation and experimental
results showed that the designed controller has high position tracking accuracy .

Results:
The optimal controller using a genetic algorithm was designed using Matlab/Simulink,
and the effectiveness of the controller was verified through simulation. Additionally, experimental
results showed that the proposed optimal control controller using a genetic algorithm had higher
tracking accuracy than the proportional-integral-derivative controller and traditional backstepping
controller for a given reference signal.

Conclusion:
The control technology of the optimal controller using a genetic algorithm was found to
be superior to proportional-integral-derivative and traditional backstepping controllers, and the tracking
error of the linear quadratic regulator controller was reported to be relatively small. This demonstrated
the effectiveness of the optimal control strategy using a genetic algorithm in this patent.
Nanoemulsion-Based Strategy for Maximizing Nitrofurantoin Absorption: In-vitro and In-vivo Investigations
Authors: Nanda Gouri Prasad , Patel Mrunali , Patel Rashmin 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The main objective of the current research work is to improve the absorption
of Nitrofurantoin (NFT) by minimizing gastrointestinal (GI) intolerance and variations in its
absorption by formulating the drug into a nanoemulsion (NE).

Method:
Based on the highest saturation solubility of NFT, soybean oil, transcutol HP, and labrafil
M1944CS were selected as oil, co-surfactant, and surfactant, and a Smix ratio of 1:2 was selected
based on pseudoternary phase diagrams. The formulation prepared with an equal ratio of oil and
Smix exhibited the lowest globule size, highest zeta potential, and higher drug release and hence was
selected for further evaluation.

Result:
Optimized formulation (NF5) showed improved membrane permeability against pure drug
suspension (2.30 times) and marketed suspension formulation (1.43 times). NF5 exhibited similar
% cell viability and % cell toxicity in Caco-2 cell lines compared to the marketed suspension.
The relative bioavailability of NFT-NE was enhanced by 1.10 and 1.17 times compared to the marketed
and pure drug suspension, respectively.

Conclusion:
Thus, it can be concluded that the optimized nanoemulsion formulation of NFT exhibited
improved membrane permeability, comparable cell viability, and increased relative bioavailability.
These findings suggest the potential of the nanoemulsion approach as a strategy to overcome
the variability of oral absorption and GI intolerance of NFT.
Effect of Laterally Substituted Methoxy Group on the Liquid
Crystalline Behavior of Novel Ester Molecules
Authors: Baku Neha K. , Travadi Jwalant J. , Ladva Kartik D. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The aim of this research is to study the effect of length-to-width
ratio on mesomorphism to enhance the understanding of its potential applications. This
will be achieved by synthesizing a unique and innovative series of identical ester molecules,
including lateral methoxy groups and terminal ethyl benzoate groups. In this research,
we aim to find new insights into the relationship between molecular structures and
mesomorphic behaviors, which could have significant implications for the development of
advanced materials with adapted properties.

:
The objective of the study is to investigate the mesophase behavior of new ester mesogens
and determine how they are influenced by lateral methoxy groups. By identifying the underlying
perspectives and relationships between these variables, we hope to better understand
the unique properties and potential applications of these materials.

Method:
In this research work, the focus is on the synthesis of ethyl(E)-4-((3-(4-alkoxy-3-
methoxyphenyl)acryloyl)oxy)benzoate, which is prepared from Steglich esterification
method by using (E)-3-(4-alkoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylic acid and ethyl 4-
hydroxybenzoate. Synthesis processes involve precise reaction sequences designed to ensure
maximum yield and purity of the final product. By providing a detailed report on the
experimental process, this study contributes to the ongoing research efforts aimed at the
development of innovative compounds with various applications in liquid crystals

Result:
A new set of liquid crystal derivatives has been synthesized and studied to investigate
the effect of molecular structure on the behavior of liquid crystals, with particular attention
to the group -OCH3 located laterally. This series was composed of 12 derivatives
(C1-C16). Among them, the first six derivatives (C1-C6) did not have the characteristics of a
liquid crystal, while the remaining derivatives (C7 and C8) had a monotropic behavior, and
C10-C16 had an enantiotropic smectogenic liquid crystal behavior without exhibition of the
nematic phase. The average thermal stability of the smectic property was 87.33 °C, and the
mesophase range was 2 °C to 14 °C. The molecular structure was confirmed by analytical
and spectral analysis. The properties of liquid crystals of this new series were compared
with those of other known structurally similar homologous series. The transition temperatures
were determined with an optical polarizing microscope equipped with a heating
phase.

Conclusion:
The mesomorphic thermal and optical properties of the compounds have been
validated by DSC and POM techniques. The result shows that the length of the alkyl chain
has a significant influence on the mesomorphic characteristics and thermal stability of the
different mesophases. Evaluation of the compounds studied indicates that the molecules
are sensitive to their lateral substituent, which influences the thermal characteristics and
stability of the mesophase.
Pemanfaatan Buah Sukun Sebagai Bahan Tambahan Dalam Pembuatan Daging Imitasi
Authors: Nurjana I Made Bima Bramastha , Pambudi Bondan 
Published: October 2023

Daging merupakan salah satu sumber protein hewani yang umum dikonsumsi oleh hampir seluruh msyarakat di dunia. Pada zaman sekarang, daging pun juga bisa dibuat penggantinya yaitu berupa daging imitasi (Seitan). Seitan merupakan produk pengganti daging yang terbuat dari gluten dan air. Penulis menambahkan buah sukun dalam proses pembuatan seitan untuk meningkatkan kualitas dari daging imitasi (seitan). Buah sukun yang bernama latin Artocarpus Altilis dipilih karena tingginya kadar protein yang terkandung per 100 Gr buah sukun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kualitas Seitan yang ditambahkan buah sukun ditinjau dari segi rasa, aroma, tekstur, dan warna. Kualitas akan diukur berdasarkan uji organoleptik oleh 20 orang panelis. Berdasarkan hasil tes, seitan dikatakan baik apabila memenuhi kriteria dari segi rasa cukup gurih, aroma cukup harum, tekstur cukup padat dan lembut, dan berwarna coklat gelap. Berdasarkan uji daya tahan, seitan mampu bertahan selama 3 hari dalam lemari pendingin. Berdasarkan analisis biaya, total biaya yang dikeluarkan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rp. 54.783,-.

Meat is a source of animal protein that is commonly consumed by almost all people in the world.. In today's era, meat can also be made a substitute, its called artificial meat (Seitan). Seitan is a meat substitute product for vegans. Artificial meat (seitan) is made from wheat gluten and water. the authors added breadfruit in the process of making seitan to improve the quality of artificial meat (seitan). Breadfruit, which has the Latin name Artocarpus altilis, was chosen because of the high protein content per 100 g of breadfruit. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of Seitan with breadfruit added in terms of taste, aroma, texture, and color. Quality will be measured based on organoleptic test by 20 panelists. Based on the test results, seitan is said to be good if it meets the criteria in terms of quite savory taste, quite fragrant aroma, quite dense and soft texture, and dark brown in color. Based on durability tests, seitan can last up to 3 days in the refrigerator. Based on the cost analysis, the total cost incurred in this study is Rp. 54,783,-.
Kualitas Cookies dengan Campuran Tepung Sorgum
Authors: Yuliani Kadek Diah , Tunjungsari Komang Ratih 
Published: October 2023

Sorgum merupakan tanaman serealia yang sudah lama ada di Indonesia namun pemanfaatannya menurun tajam setelah ketersediaan beras mencukupi dengan relatif dan harga murah. Melihat masih terbatasnya pemanfaatan sorgum, maka dirasa perlu adanya alternatif pengolahan sorgum menjadi suatu produk baru yang memiliki nilai ekonomis lebih tinggi. Dalam penelitian ini akan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian berupa eksperimen. Melalui uji organoleptik yang merupakan cara pengujian dengan menggunakan indera yang dimiliki manusia sebagai alat utama sebagai pengukuran daya penerimaan terhadap produk. Berdasarkan uji daya tahan cookies dengan campuran tepung sorgum dapat bertahan hingga 7 hari apabila disimpan dalam tempat tertutup dan pada suhu ruangan. Hasil Analysis Cost biaya yang diperlukan untuk membuat 1 resep (30 pcs) cookies adalah Rp 49.936,- dan untuk 1 pcs nya adalah Rp 1.664,.

Sorghum is a cereal crop that has existed for a long time in Indonesia, but its use as food has decreased sharply after the availability of sufficient rice at a relatively low price. Seeing the limited use of sorghum, it is deemed necessary to have alternative processing of sorghum into new products that have higher economic value. In this study will use a research approach in the form of experiments. Through organoleptic test which is a method of testing using the human senses as the main tool as a measure of product acceptance. Based on the durability test, cookies with a mixture of sorghum flour can last up to 7 days if stored in a closed place and at room temperature. Results of Cost Analysis, the cost required to make 1 recipe (30 pcs) cookies is Rp. 49,936, - and for 1 pcs Rp. 1664,.
Modelling Intrinsic Sources of Nonuniformity and Their Interplay
Authors: Bedi Vinay K. , Mondal Mrinmoy , Saha Amitabha , Narasimha Rao K. V. , Ghosh Prasenjit , Mukhopadhyay Rabindra 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Uniformity characteristics of a tire are a direct reflection of the quality of the manufacturing process that produced it. This is realized in the homogeneity of its different stiffnesses and dimensions around the tire. Evidently, this is the most closely monitored aspect for consistency, from the original equipment manufacturers and manufacturers alike, and the requirement for tighter acceptance criteria is ever-increasing.
However, the authors endeavor to find the lowest theoretical level for the same, given the intrinsic sources. The current study attempts to establish a framework to investigate the effect of the most pronounced factors individually, their interplay, and how their combined effect can be minimized. The present work on a 185/65R15 passenger car radial tire attempts to determine the effect of variable pitch sequencing as well as splicing and tread runout for a patterned tire on radial force variation (RFV). The study is carried out using finite element simulation for it presents the opportunity to study the individual effects systemically and economically. The study reveals a nearly 20% of the specification limit can be due to tread pattern sequence while the effect of the overlapping components may vary by 10% of the same limit. The study also suggests spotting arrangements to target and avoid. Finally, the authors present a method, captured in a MATLAB program that benefits the tire designer, plant engineer, and quality control manager.
Target Conflict for Force Transmission in Lateral and Longitudinal Direction of Rotated Tread Block Samples on Different Road Surfaces (Dry, Wet, Snow, and Ice)
Authors: Heidelberger Jonas Alexander , Wangenheim Matthias , Wiese Klaus , Wies Burkhard , Bederna Christoph 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
It is known that different weather conditions require a specific design to take into account the main mechanisms acting between the tire tread block and the road surface. When developing all-season tires, additional research is necessary to find the best solution considering various road conditions. This paper analyzes the influence of the inclination angle of tire tread blocks and the tire tread blocks siping design on different surfaces on the friction forces in lateral and longitudinal directions. The tests were conducted on the hybrid test rig Realistic Pattern Testing in Lab at the Institute for Dynamics and Vibration Research of the Leibniz University of Hanover with different single tread blocks. Tire tread blocks with different numbers of sipes were rotated with an angle between 0° to 90° in 15° increments. To simulate different road conditions, artificially produced ice and snow tracks and real road wet and dry asphalt were used. For a better understanding of the mechanisms, high-speed images of the same samples sliding over a wet glass track were taken from below.
On the one hand, the measurement results and videos help to understand the influence of the inclination angle of a tread block sample on the friction process and show the different friction mechanisms on different surfaces and resulting forces in the two directions. On the other hand, the results show clear favorites for optimizing performance on individual surfaces.
Dental Case, a Brazilian Serious Game for Supporting Decision-making in the Dental Clinic: A Case Study
Authors: Huanca Camila , Garrido Deise , Teixeira Mário , Oliveira Alana , Trindade Paola , Figueiredo Ana Emilia , Haddad Ana Estela 
Published: October 2023

Background: Games are intrinsic to society and are used to represent a wide variety of human activities. Contemporary society has been digitalized, and the habit of playing games has naturally migrated to the digital environment. The use of digital games in education, where they are known as serious games, has given rise to the introduction of new educational approaches for dental students and dentists, which complement traditional approaches. A brief conceptual outline of games can help broaden our understanding thereof in social and educational contexts.
Objective: To report the designing and development of a serious game for decision-making in clinical case management in the field of dentistry, for use as a complementary teaching tool.
Method: The method used was a case study to describe the development of the content and narrative of a Brazilian serious game for decision-making in the dental clinic, called Dental Case. A player in Dental Case takes on the role of a dentist during a consultation, with the mission of completing the steps of anamnesis, clinical examination, complementary examination, diagnosis, and treatment. The clinical cases presented in the game were designed to resemble real-life decision-making situations in the dental clinic of a primary healthcare setting. The content developed was reviewed and validated by specialists, from both a technical and pedagogical point of view, and then included in the game software by an information technology (IT) team.
Results: Dental Case was developed from a set of clinical cases. The game targets dental professionals and students, and its goal is to lend support to the teaching of decision-making in the different stages of clinical care. The game is freely available on the web, and on the Play Store and Apple Store mobile application platforms.
Conclusions: The resources made available by Dental Case constitute a new complementary pedagogical approach, and a tool for the application of educational technologies in dentistry, which can contribute to expanding the scale and reach of educational activities. Future research is warranted to investigate the effectiveness of Dental Case in promoting learning and should include an evaluation of its performance by its users.
Associations of Epigenetic methylation with vitamin D receptor level in Iraqi Gestational diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Hadi Yasameen A. , ALlami Risalla H. , Suleiman Ahmed A. 
Published: October 2023

Background :GDM (gestational diabetes mellitus) is a hazardous pregnancy situation that occurs when a pregnant woman who that have never had diabetes progresses to cause systemic hyperglycemia during their pregnancy.DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism it occurs in the vertebrate genomes and generates 5-methylcytosine by transferring a methyl group to the C5 position of cytosine. DNA methylation modulates gene expression by either attracting or preventing transcription factor(s) from binding to DNA. Objective: The purpose of this study is to figure out the connection between VDR-gene promoter methylation in Iraqi GDM and its consequence on vitamin D levels. Materials and Methods: This investigation comprised 50 patients with GDM (Group 1) and 30 healthy pregnant individuals as controls (Group 2). Methylation was analyzed by extracted DNA using Bisulfite conversion and detected by a specific primer. Results: The results of methylation effect on vitamin D3 expressed there were significant differences between methylated (25.74 ± 2.00) a percentage of 32(64.00%) of GDM samples compared with concentration (14.00±1.41) of methylated sample control at the percentage of observed results of methylation (1 (3.3%) at p-value (0.00) while the Un-methylated and partial methylate GDM samples did not produce any significant effect comparing with healthy controls.
Conclusions: Due to the increased metabolic activity associated with pregnancy, it's imperative to keep glucose levels in balance. It is suspected that both genetic and epigenetic factors play a role in the development of GDM and that the underlying mechanisms are complex and alter over time. To create efficient treatments and preventative plans, a greater understanding of these mechanisms and how they affect GDM is needed.