bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding antibiotic use in Bangladesh: Findings from a cross-sectional study
Authors: Raihan Md. Abu , Islam Md. Saiful , Islam Shariful , Islam A. F. M. Mahmudul , Ahmed Khandaker Tanveer , Ahmed Tania , Islam Md. Nahidul , Ahmed Shamsunnahar , Chowdhury Mysha Samiha , Sarker Dipto Kumar , Lamisa Anika Bushra 
Published: February 2024

Background
Escalating antibiotic resistance presents a notable worldwide dilemma, pointing a large involvement of general population. The objective of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the utilization of antibiotics among Bangladeshi residents.

Methods
A cross-sectional study, conducted from January 01 to April 25, 2022, included 1,947 Bangladeshi adults with a history of antibiotic use, via online surveys and face-to-face interviews using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and multivariate linear regression models were employed.

Results
Mean scores for knowledge, attitudes, and practices were 6.59±1.20, 8.34±1.19, and 12.74±2.59, with correct rates of 73.22%, 92.67%, and 57.91%. Positive predictors for knowledge included being unmarried (β = 0.10, p = 0.001), higher education (College: β = 0.09, p = 0.025; Bachelor: β = 0.22, p<0.001; Master or above: β = 0.14, p<0.001), various professions (student: β = 0.57, p<0.001; housewife: β = 0.33, p<0.001; employee: β = 0.53, p<0.001; businessman: β = 0.31, p<0.001; unemployed: β = 0.15, p<0.001), and residing in semi-urban (β = 0.32, p<0.001) or urban areas (β = 0.15, p<0.001). Positive predictors for attitudes included being married (β = 0.18, p<0.001), specific professions (student: β = 1.06, p<0.001; housewife: β = 0.33, p<0.001; employee: β = 0.86, p<0.001; businessman: β = 0.37, p<0.001; unemployed: β = 0.47, p<0.001), higher SES (Lower-middle: β = 0.22, p<0.001; Middle: β = 0.26, p<0.001), and residing in semi-urban areas (β = 0.18, p<0.001); negative predictors included higher education (College: β = -0.12, p = 0.001; Master or above: β = -0.09, p = 0.008) and being rich (β = -0.13, p<0.001). Positive predictors for practices included being married (β = 0.18, p<0.001), specific professions (student: β = 0.32, p<0.001; employee: β = 0.43, p<0.001; businessman: β = 10, p = 0.034; unemployed: β = 0.11, p = 0.009), and higher SES (Lower-middle: β = 0.14, p = 0.009; Middle: β = 0.38, p<0.001; Higher-middle: β = 0.15, p = 0.008); negative predictors included higher education (College: β = -0.21, p<0.001), being rich (β = -0.12, p<0.001), residing in semi-urban (β = -0.14, p<0.001) or urban areas (β = -0.16, p<0.001).

Conclusions
Participants exhibited adequate knowledge and positive attitudes but lagged behind in proper practice of antibiotic use. Proper initiatives should be tailored to enhance prudent antibiotic use and mitigate the risk of antimicrobial resistance.
Hepatitis E virus infections among patients with acute febrile jaundice in two regions of Cameroon: First molecular characterization of hepatitis E virus genotype 4
Authors: Modiyinji Abdou Fatawou , Tankeu Lange Tchamba Amorgathe , Monamele Chavely Gwladys , Yifomnjou Moumbeket Moise Henri , Tagnouokam Ngoupo Paul Alain , Tchetgna Simo Huguette , Njei Ngu Abanda , Mirdad Kazanji , Njouom Richard 
Published: February 2024

Background
Febrile jaundice is a common indicator of certain infectious diseases, including hepatitis E. In Cameroon, the yellow fever virus is the only pathogen that is monitored in patients who present with this symptom. However, more than 90% of the samples received as part of this surveillance are negative for yellow fever. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype among yellow fever-negative patients in the Far North and West regions of Cameroon.

Methods
In a cross-sectional study, yellow fever surveillance-negative samples collected between January 2021 and January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Anti-HEV IgM and IgG antibodies were tested using commercially available ELISA kits. Anti-HEV IgM and/or IgG positive samples were tested for HEV RNA by real-time RT-PCR, followed by nested RT-PCR, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.

Results
Overall, 121 of the 543 samples (22.3%, 95% CI: 19.0% - 26.0%) were positive for at least one anti-HEV marker. Amongst these, 8.1% (44/543) were positive for anti-HEV IgM, 5.9% (32/543) for anti-HEV IgG, and 8.3% (45/544) for both markers. A total of 15.2% (12/79) samples were positive for HEV RNA real-time RT-PCR and 8 samples were positive for HEV RNA by nested RT-PCR. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the retrieved sequences clustered within HEV genotypes/subtypes 1/1e, 3/3f and 4/4b.

Conclusion
Our results showed that HEV is one of the causes of acute febrile jaundice in patients enrolled in the yellow fever surveillance program in two regions of Cameroon. We described the circulation of three HEV genotypes, including two zoonotic genotypes. Further studies will be important to elucidate the transmission routes of these zoonotic HEV genotypes to humans in Cameroon.
Insights From the Histopathologic Analysis of Acquired and Genetic Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections
Authors: Buja L. Maximilian , Zhao Bihong , Sadaf Humaira , McDonald Michelle , Segura Ana M. , Li Li , Cecchi Alana , Prakash Siddharth K. , Afifi Rana O. , Miller Charles C. , Estrera Anthony L. , Milewicz Dianna M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to apply contemporary consensus criteria developed by the Society for Cardiovascular Pathology and the Association for European Cardiovascular Pathology to the evaluation of aortic pathology, with the expectation that the additional pathologic information may enhance the understanding and management of aortic diseases.

Methods
A scoring system was applied to ascending aortic specimens from 42 patients with heritable thoracic aortic disease and known genetic variations and from 86 patients from a single year, including patients with known genetic variations (n = 12) and patients with sporadic disease (n = 74).

Results
The various types of lesions of medial degeneration and the overall severity of medial degeneration overlapped considerably between those patients with heritable disease and those with sporadic disease; however, patients with heritable thoracic aortic disease had significantly more overall medial degeneration (P = .004) and higher levels of elastic fiber fragmentation (P = .03) and mucoid extracellular matrix accumulation (P = .04) than patients with sporadic thoracic aortic disease. Heritable thoracic aortic disease with known genetic variation was more prevalent in women than in men (27.2% vs 9.8%; P = .04), and women had more severe medial degeneration than men (P = .04). Medial degeneration scores were significantly lower for patients with bicuspid aortic valves than for patients with tricuspid aortic valves (P = .03).

Conclusion
The study’s findings indicate considerable overlap in the pattern, extent, and severity of medial degeneration between sporadic and hereditary types of thoracic aortic disease. This finding suggests that histopathologic medial degeneration represents the final common outcome of diverse pathogenetic factors and mechanisms.
Digital methylation-specific PCR: New applications for liquid biopsy
Authors: Cardoso Gabriela Casani , Ganzella Fernando Augusto de Oliveira , Miniskiskosky Guilherme , da Cunha Regiane Stafim , Ramos Edneia Amancio de Souza 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Epigenetic analysis is a fundamental part of understanding pathophysiological processes with potential applications in diagnosis, prognosis, and assessment of disease susceptibility. Epigenetic changes have been widely studied in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but currently, there is no molecular marker used to improve the treatment of patients. Furthermore, this progressive disease is a risk factor for the development of more severe COVID-19. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP-PCR) plays an important role in the analysis of DNA methylation profiles, and it is one of the most widely used techniques. In this context, the combination of MSP-PCR with emerging PCR technologies, such as digital PCR (dPCR), results in more accurate analyses of the DNA methylation profile of the genes under study. In this study, we propose the application of the MSP-dPCR technique to evaluate the methylation profile of the ADAM33 gene from saliva samples and lung tissue biopsies of patients with COPD and COVID-19. MSP-dPCR generated a measurable prediction of gene methylation rate, with the potential application of this combined technology for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. It has also proven to be a powerful tool for liquid biopsy applications.
Performance evolution of novel palm leaf powder used for enhancing hot mix asphalt
Authors: Jasim Enas N. , Joni Hasan H. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Recently, researchers have been moving toward using local waste as an alternative for construction materials. Using these wastes to pave roads is one of the essential recycling methods, which aims to reduce the consumption of natural resources and environmental pollution resulting from the difficulty of decomposing these wastes. In the Middle East, especially in Iraq, Date Palm fiber is widely available as a local waste material. The aim of this research is to evaluate the performance of a developed asphalt mixture with palm leaf powder (PLP) as a partially substituted mineral filler. The Marshall mix design method produced the asphaltic mixes with ordinary Portland cement and PLP as mineral fillers. PLP was included in three rates denoted by 10, 20, and 30% by the weight of the mineral filler. Marshal stability, flow, bulk specific gravity, air voids, voids in mineral aggregates, voids filled with the binder, the indirect tensile strength, and the indirect tensile strength ratio of the PLP mixture were measured and compared with those of the conventional asphalt mixture. Based on the findings of this study, 20% of the Portland cement could be replaced with PLP, at which all of the properties of the enhanced mixture met the requirements of the Iraqi specifications. Then, the asphalt mix with 20% PLP was tested to assess its resistance against fatigue cracks. The results support the usage of waste PLP in pavement construction, enhancing its properties, which would also be very effective as an eco-friendly material.
Growth, characterization, and anti-bacterial activity of l-methionine supplemented with sulphamic acid single crystals
Authors: Vithel Fredselin R. S. , Manimekalai Ramadoss , Cynthia Sreekrishnan Rajammal , Govindan Vediyappan , Ijaz Khan M. , Abdullaev Sherzod , AlQahtani Salman A. , AlQahtani Nouf F. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Sulphamic acid (SA) crystals supplemented with l-methionine (LM) were grown at moderate temperatures using a slow evaporation procedure. The powder XRD pattern showed that LM supplemented with SA (LMSA) crystals have an orthorhombic crystal structure. The FTIR studies confirmed the presence of various vibrational modes. Using a UV-Vis spectrometer, the transmittance of LMSA in the UV and visible range was observed, and the band gap of the LMSA was also calculated. The hardness value of LMSA was higher compared to that of pure SA. Photoluminescence emission studies of LMSA pointed out emissions at 491 and 542 nm, which were attributed to the transition from the 5D4 state to 7F6 and 7F5 ground, respectively. LMSA crystals were effective in killing pathogenic bacteria, according to the studies on their anti-bacterial activity.
Application of thin boron deposit by electrophoresis as neutron detectors
Authors: Fares Mohamed , Messaoudi Mohammed , Yacine Debili Mohamed , Negara Kassida 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Detecting nuclear radiation presents a distinctive challenge, particularly with neutrons, which are neutral particles. The method of direct detection involves the utilization of a converter material, acting as an intermediary. Boron plays a pivotal role in this process, reacting with thermal neutrons to generate alpha particles and lithium, with a notable energy release of 2.314 MeV during the 10B (n,α) 7Li reaction. This facilitates effective identification and measurement of neutrons in radiation detection systems. The paths of the particles α (for E = 1.474 MeV) and Li (for E
Li = 0.842 MeV). The active medium of the nuclear detector, typically a gas, undergoes ionization by these highly charged particles, or they form ion pairs that are subsequently collected by electrodes to produce the signal at the detector’s output. Various deposit methods can be used for this purpose, electrophoresis offers a distinct advantage in terms of both simplicity and precision. This study details the utilization of the electrophoresis technique for the deposition of boron on the tube walls of prototype detectors developed within our laboratory.
Experimental research on bonding mechanical performance of the interface between cementitious layers
Authors: Qin Xi , Xu Qianjun , Li Jiazheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Interfaces of cementitious layers have widely existed in construction projects, and they are the weakest part of the whole building. In this article, laser scanning and ultrasonic pulse, splitting tensile, and semi-disc fracture tests were carried out to study the bonding performance of cementitious layers. Different performance metrics, such as splitting tensile bond strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and attenuation of first arrival, were used to evaluate the bonding characteristics of the concrete layers. The results revealed that the parameters of the interface curve decreased, and the mechanical properties of the interface became weaker with an increase of the interval time. The amplitude of the first wave was more sensitive to the presence of the interface than the ultrasonic pulse velocity. Finally, the relationships between the performance metrics were analyzed. The fracture toughness of model I and mode II was highly correlated with the parameters of the micromorphology of the layered concrete, and the correlation coefficient is not less than 0.9511. The fracture toughness of mode I was strongly related to the splitting tensile strength, with a correlation coefficient of not less than 0.9744. This study was useful for the future study of the mode I and I fracture performance, the morphology, and other physical properties of cementitious layers.
Insights into the corrosion resistance of a novel quinoline derivative on Q235 steel in acidizing medium under hydrodynamic condition: experimental and surface study
Authors: Singh Ambrish , Ansari Kashif R. , Ali Ismat H. , Younas Muhammad , Alanazi Abdullah K. , Lin Yuanhua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The study concentrated on the fabrication of an environmentally friendly inhibitor, namely ethyl 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,7,7-trimethyl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline-3-carboxylate derivative of quinoline (MQC), in a single step, and assessed its inhibiting property in highly acidic fluid (15 % HCl) for protecting Q235 steel at 1500 rpm rotation speed. Weight reduction, Potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were utilized in the study to investigate the inhibiting impact of MQC. The estimated findings corroborated the inhibiting data of 93.54 and 98.38 % at 308 K with 100 mg/L/only MQC and MQC + KI/75 mg/L + 0.5 mM, respectively, and the impact of temperature upon the inhibitory capability possessed little impact at larger dose quantities. According to the electrochemical outcomes, the MQC is a mixed-type corrosion inhibitor. The findings of the SEM, EDX, and AFM examinations demonstrated that the MQC established a barrier over the surface of Q235 steel by adsorption, changing the hydrophilic and hydrophobic attributes of the Q235 steel surface. An additional XPS assessment demonstrated MQC molecule adsorption on the Q235 steel surface. Density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamic simulations (MD) calculations were further performed to justify the experimental results.
Facile hydrothermally grown cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanostructures and their electrochemical performances
Authors: Athira Krishnakumar , Dhanapandian Swaminathan , Suthakaran Selvakumar , Shobika Sivadasan , Yogalakshmi Krishnan , Ayyar Manikandan , Iqbal Munawar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this study, pure cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles were synthesized using a simple hydrothermal approach. The effect of the reducing agent and reaction temperatures of the prepared products were examined. Co3O4 is formed in the as-synthesized sample, at reaction temperature 190 °C was observed in the XRD pattern. The XPS survey scan spectrum showed the distinctive peaks of the Co and O elements and their valence states. FESEM and HRTEM revealed the particles as cubical in nature. Peak associated with the elements Co and O on the EDAX spectrum demonstrated the purity of the nanoparticles. Three electrode setups were used to measure the electrochemical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles. DTA curve corresponding exothermic peak at 225 °C and the crystallization of the final product was attributed for the third weight loss of 1.5 % in the temperature range of 280 °C to 450 °C. Formation of Co3O4 was confirmed by the observed XRD diffraction peaks at 2θ = 36.83°, 59.82°, and 65.30°, which correspond to h k l planes (311), (511) and (440), respectively. The high-resolution Co2p spectra showed two prominent spin-orbital peaks, 2p1/2 and 2p3/2, at 796.37 eV and 781.81 eV, respectively. The increase in temperature causes the particle size to grow ranges between 20 and 70 nm and the average particle size distribution in the TEM image is 42 nm. The integral area of the CV curve was measured during the CV measurement and as the as-prepared Co3O4 electrode displays specific capacitance values of 154, 126, 81, 65, and 49 Fg−1 at various scan rates of 10, 20, 50, 70, and 100 mVs−1, respectively.
Formulation and development of topical iron oxide nanoemulgel using Punica granatum extract and in vitro evaluation of anti-inflammatory potential in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Dheekshana Srinivasan , Razia Muthuswamy , Nallal Uma Maheshwari , Prabha Kannan , Priya Lakshminarayanan Srimathi , Dinesh Ayyar , Kabilan Babu , Ayyar Manikandan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is regarded as a long-term autoimmune disorder, which triggers inflammation in joints and distresses the organs in the body. Nanotechnology, a science-based technique is a tremendously growing-field with numerous applications where nanoparticles are used to resolve the complications in the habitual life. While comparing to other metals, iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3 NPs) were synthesized at minimal cost using eco-friendly natured materials and also has ability to deliver drug at a specific targeted site. In the present study, a topical nanoemulgel was formulated using Fe2O3 NPs synthesized from Punica granatum. The results of Fe2O3 NPs characterization divulged that the particles were sphere-shaped in nature and the bioactive compounds from the extract acted as capping and reducing agents. Nanoemulgels (F1 to F5) were formulated using different concentrations of Fe2O3 NPs and characterized. Among the formulations F4 nanoemulgel revealed good stability with a zeta potential charge of −53 mV and a polydispersity index of 0.24. L929 cells were treated with F4 formulation and this confirmed that the formulation was non-toxic to normal cells. F4 treated MG63 cell lines revealed the anti-inflammatory property (IC50 = 90.77 μg/ml) of the nanoemulgel. Thus, nanoemulgel containing Fe2O3 NPs synthesized from P. granatum can be an effective, eco-friendly and cost-effective approach to treat RA.
Медіа, маніпуляція та інформаційна війна
Authors: Ісмаїлзаде Ламан 
Published: February 2024

Глобалізація та комунікаційна революція принесли значні зміни в спосіб існування традиційних та електронних ЗМІ. Інформаційні потоки надзвичайно зросли в обсязі та почали зростати в геометричній прогресії з появою Інтернету. Тепер він може вийти з-під контролю певних органів влади, легко перетнути межі держави та бути миттєво скопійованим у соціальних мережах. Зростання обсягів інформації значно легше, ніж раніше, не тільки формувати громадську думку, а й маніпулювати нею, вести широкомасштабні інформаційні війни. Останніми роками проблеми маніпулювання ЗМІ пов’язують із фейковими новинами. Звичайно, фейкові новини (неправдива інформація) самі по собі не є чимось новим: фейкові новини поширюються традиційними ЗМІ з самого початку їх створення. Інша справа, що Інтернет зробив можливим масове розповсюдження контрафактної продукції, як ботами (роботами), так і реальними індивідуальними користувачами. У цьому дослідженні досліджується інформаційна війна, якій піддається наша свідомість у контексті ЗМІ та пропаганди, а також значення ЗМІ у цій війні. Інформаційна війна — це вид війни, який передбачає використання інформації та пропаганди поряд із традиційною війною. Цей тип війни ефективно використовується в міжнародних відносинах, політичній боротьбі та зонах конфліктів. Інформаційну війну можна розглядати як арену, де суперники намагаються маніпулювати громадською думкою. Відомий німецький військовий і політичний діяч Клаузевіц у своїй праці «Про війну» 1832 року підкреслював, що «війна є продовженням політики іншими засобами».
У 21 столітті інформаційну війну можна назвати важливим інструментом сучасної світової політики для здобуття політичної та економічної влади. Багато країн розробили стратегії інформаційної війни та використовували ці стратегії для досягнення цілей національної безпеки та зовнішньої політики. Держави можуть намагатися вплинути на сприйняття конкуруючих країн або груп, використовуючи такі тактики, як пропаганда, кібератаки, підроблені акаунти в соціальних мережах тощо. Інформаційна війна ведеться шляхом встановлення системи контролю над потоком інформації та використання цієї системи управління інформацією для досягнення власних цілей.
Сталий шлях до досконалості: 100 років Національній бібліотеці Азербайджану імені М.Ф. Ахундзаде
Authors: Ісмайлов Надір , Мамедов Аліюсиф 
Published: February 2024

У статті, присвяченій ювілею Національної бібліотеки Азербайджану імені М. Ф. Ахундзаде, яка є головною бібліотекою Азербайджану, вперше дається короткий історичний екскурс виникнення і розвитку бібліотечної справи в країні, а також обговорюється необхідність створення головної бібліотеки (національної бібліотеки) для країни.
Далі крок за кроком розглядається непростий шлях створення цієї бібліотеки та її розвитку, посилаючись на факти та статистику. Тут особлива увага приділяється важливості бібліотеки для розвитку бібліотечної справи в країні, сучасній епосі її діяльності, її перетворенню на бібліотеку, яка відповідатиме на виклики часу.
Важливу роль у діяльності бібліотеки відіграє також науково-дослідна діяльність. Багато співробітників бібліотеки також займаються науково-дослідною діяльністю, проводять наукові дослідження на різні цікаві теми, публікують статті, захищають дисертації та отримують наукові ступені. З 1980 року в бібліотеці регулярно видаються збірники наукових праць, де публікується велика кількість цікавих наукових статей, що відображають результати досліджень співробітників бібліотеки.
Слід також зазначити, що відповідно до світових бібліотечних традицій Кабінет Міністрів Азербайджанської Республіки 15 квітня 2004 року прийняв рішення про надання Республіканській державній бібліотеці Азербайджанської Республіки статусу «Національної бібліотеки».