bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soliton solutions of a nonlinear ANNV equation via extended Riccati mapping method
Authors: Wang S-F 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, an improved model of (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear asymmetric Nizhnik-Novikov- Veselov (ANNV) equation is considered and its solutions are studied via extended Riccati mapp- ing method. Also, the different types of soliton solutions are fabricated. Moreover, the local domain and self-similar fractal structures (SFSs) are explored. The results obtained not only contribute to our understanding of the fluid dynamics or nonlinear optics, but also lay the founda- tion for further research in this field, and the revealed solitary wave solutions have the potential to inform the development of more accurate prediction models for nonlinear dynamics.
Characterization of motor nerve stimulation using sinusoidal low frequency alternating currents and cuff electrodes
Authors: Alhawwash A , Horn M R , Lazorchak N , Yoshida K 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective: Direct electrical neurostimulation using continuous sinusoidal low frequency alternating currents (LFAC) is an emerging modality for neuromodulation. As opposed to the traditional rectangular pulse stimulation, there is limited background on the characteristics of peripheral nerves responses to sinusoidal LFAC stimulation; especially within the low frequency range (

<

50 Hz). In this study, we demonstrate LFAC activation as a means to activate motor nerves by direct bipolar nerve stimulation via cuff electrodes, and characterize the factors of activation. We study and quantify the effects of sinusoidal frequency and electrode geometry on the motor nerve activation threshold in-vivo and in computational models, in-silico. Approach: Acute in-vivo experiments (N = 34) were conducted on isoflurane-anaesthetized rats. A pure tone continuous sinusoidal current was applied to the rat sciatic nerve in bipolar configurations via bipolar or tripolar nerve cuff electrodes (different contact separations). LFAC activation thresholds were quantified by measuring the electromyogram (EMG) response of the triceps surae muscles and the induced twitch force to LFAC stimulation at six frequencies (1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 20 Hz). Computationally, we utilized a volume conductor model of a bipolar cuff electrode around a single rat-size fascicle and projected the potentials to the McIntyre-Richardson-Grill models of myelinated motor nerve fibers. We compared the in-silico responses of a range of fiber diameters (5.7 to 16µm) to LFAC stimulation and their activation thresholds to the in-vivo findings. Main results: Sinusoidal LFAC stimulation elicited motor nerve activity in-vivo and in-silico, with a remarkable convergence of the in-silico predictions to the in-vivo observations. The EMG activity showed that muscle responses to LFAC stimulation were phase-locked to the sinusoidal cycle but exhibited two distinct activation modes. These modes were classified as burst and unitary, indicating the presence of two distinct patterns of muscle activation during LFAC stimulation. The LFAC motor activation threshold was significantly dependent on frequency and influenced by the contact separation of the cuff electrode, with a greater extent of reduction at a higher frequency or wider separation. Moreover, the order of fiber recruitment was suggested to be normal-physiological (small-to-large caliber) given the nature of the induced EMG activity and in-silico predictions. Significance: These findings provide significant insights into the nature of sinusoidal LFAC stimulation, at the explored range of frequency, and the expected mammalian peripheral motor nerve responses to LFAC. The characteristics of sinusoidal LFAC stimulation would facilitate selectivity approaches in a broader range of therapeutic and rehabilitative neuromodulation applications.
On the optimal convergence rate for the Metropolis algorithm in one dimension
Authors: Patrón A , Chepelianskii A D , Prados A , Trizac E 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We study the relaxation of the Metropolis Monte Carlo algorithm corresponding to a single particle trapped in a one-dimensional confining potential, with even jump distributions that ensure that the dynamics verifies detailed balance: in particular, how can one minimise the characteristic time for reaching the target equilibrium probability distribution function? To work out the corresponding optimal sampling method, we study the physical mechanisms that affect the dynamics. Previous work suggested that, for smooth jump distributions, the fastest convergence rate is obtained as a result of the competition between diffusive and rejection-dominated dynamics. In this work, we show that a new relevant physical regime comes into play for two-peaked jump distributions, where the relaxation dynamics is dominated neither by diffusion nor by rejection: the eigenmodes adopt an oscillatory form, reminiscent of charge density waves (CDW)—thus we term this new regime the CDW regime. Using a combination of numerical and analytical techniques, the parameter regions corresponding to diffusion, rejection, and CDW are characterised, as well as the transition lines between them. Therefore, a phase diagram is built, in which there are two order parameters characterising each of the phase transitions: the Inverse Participation Ratio and the Fidelity—reminiscent of the quantum fidelity. The optimal convergence rate is located at the triple point of phase coexistence, where the transition lines (diffusive-rejection, diffusive-CDW, and CDW-rejection) intersect. We then address the fundamental problem of finding the optimal jump distribution, without any assumption on its functional form. Our theoretical framework is checked against the numerical diagonalisation of the master equation for the case of harmonic confinement, which is the paradigmatic example of a convex potential with only one minimum. We also briefly discuss more sophisticated attempts at optimising the convergence rate to equilibrium.
Violation of ferromagnetic ordering of energy levels in spin rings for the singlet
Authors: Heson David , Starr Shannon , Thornton Jacob 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We demonstrate a violation of the ‘ferromagnetic ordering of energy levels’ conjecture (FOEL) for even length spin rings. The FOEL conjecture was a guess made by Nachtergaele, Spitzer and an author for the Heisenberg model on certain graphs: a family of inequalities, the first of which is the statement that the spectral gap of the Heisenberg model equals the gap of the random walk. That first guess was originally a conjecture of Aldous which was later proved by Caputo, Liggett and Richthammer. We claim that for spin rings of even length L > 4, the lowest spin S = 0 energy is lower than the lowest spin S = 1 energy. This violates the

(
L

/

2
)

th inequality in the FOEL conjecture. Our methodology is largely numerical: we have applied exact diagonalization up to L = 20. We also rigorously consider the Hamiltonian of the Heisenberg spin ring for even length L projected to the spin S = 0 sector. We prove that it has a unique ground state. Then, using the single mode approximation the uniqueness explains the energy turn-around. Important insight comes from reconsideration of previous work by Sutherland, using the Bethe ansatz. Especially important is a work of Dhar and Shastry that goes beyond the Bethe ansatz.
Growth and production of shallots (allium cepa L) at various volumes and watering intervals: case study in nganjuk district
Authors: Krismiratsih F , Fibriani S , Ni’mah K , Pristiwaningsih E R , Suyitno  
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Shallots are one of the leading horticultural commodities in Nganjuk Regency. Water is one of the limiting factors in shallot cultivation activities to require sufficient water availability every day to produce optimally. This research aims to provide recommendations for appropriate water supply in shallot cultivation activities. This experiment was carried out from August to September 2024. Red onion planting was carried out in polybags with a diameter of 15 cm with a planting media composition of soil: compost: cocopeat with a volume ratio of 1:1:1. The experimental design used was a split-plot design with 4 replications. The first plot is the irrigation volume based on Field capacity moisture content which includes 4 levels, namely 50% (p1), 100% (p2), 150% (p3), and 200% (p4) and the subplot is the watering interval which consists of 4 The levels are 1 time a day in the morning (p1), 1 time a day in the afternoon (p2), and twice a day (p3). Observation variables in this study included plant height at 3, 4, and 5 WAP, number of leaves at 3.4 and 5 WAP, wet weight of tubers, and number of tubers per cluster.
Exploring the potential of Aloe vera extract for enhancing meatball textural characteristics
Authors: Indarto Cahyo , Prihanta Wahyu , Ulya Millatul , Supriyanto  
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Texture is a critical quality parameter for meatballs, influencing consumer preference and marketability. Typically, texture enhancement in meat products is achieved through the use of various synthetic or animal-derived additives, which can raise concerns related to health, cost, and consumer acceptance. Gelling agent is a commonly used to improve texture by promoting protein cross-linking, leading to a firmer and more cohesive product. However, there is growing interest in exploring natural and plant-based alternatives to conventional additives. This study aims to analyze the efficacy of Aloe vera extract in improving the texture quality of meatballs. The experiment compares three groups: meatballs prepared with transglutaminase from Aloe vera, those without any transglutaminase (control), and those with commercial transglutaminase. Key parameters analyzed include texture (measured with a Texture Analyzer), water content, and water holding capacity (WHC). Results indicate that transglutaminase from Aloe vera significantly enhances meatball texture, showing increase in texture strength (Springiness 0.52) compared to the control. Additionally, the Aloe vera-treated meatballs demonstrated increase in water content (70.14) and an 23.41% in WHC. These findings suggest that transglutaminase from Aloe vera has strong potential as a natural gelling agent for improving meatball quality.
The effect of adding cassava leaves and fermentation duration on the mocaf quality
Authors: Hamid M A , Ho W T , Yeap C H , Devi M , In’am A , Effendi M M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Protein content is an important indicator of mocaf for its better substitution on wheat flour in product development. The fermentation is found able to improve the protein content of cassava flour but the rise is unsatisfied and inconsistent due to a multitude of influencing factors. This research was aimed to produce the mocaf with higher protein by adding the cassava leaves as alternative protein source. The different concentration of cassava leaves (3% and 5%) were added into the mocaf production in the L. plantarum fermentation of 24 hrs and 48 hrs. The yield of final product, proximate and physicochemical analysis were carried out to all the formulation and the storage analysis was only done on the best formulation. The addition of cassava leaves into the mocaf had resulted in higher ash and crude fiber contents, similar moisture and crude fat contents and lower carbohydrate content as compared to the native mocaf. Overall, it was reported that there was significantly (p<0.05) increase of crude protein content in the mocaf with 5% cassava leaves and the highest crude protein content was recorded for 48 hours fermentation period. Thus, F6 was the best formulation and it was safe consumed over the 8 months storage period.
Combination of thermal and non-thermal pasteurization of siam semboro orange juice
Authors: Wibowo M J , Kurnianto M F , Kusumasari F C , Bakri A , Rachmanita R E , Triardianto D , Hariono B 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Siam Semboro orange juice is a processed product that is in great demand. Heating is a conventional method that is commonly used to reduce microbial contamination and ensure product safety, but the possibility of damage to taste, nutrition and physicochemical properties cannot be avoided, so there is a need for non-thermal processing alternatives. This research combines processing technology with minimal heat treatment with pasteurization temperatures of 40oC, 50oC, 60oC and pulsed electric field application times of 30, 60 and 90 seconds with a high voltage HPEF source in the form of a flyback TV type BSC25-T1010A with a voltage of 30 kV installed in 2 units in series and the pasteurization heat source is a 600watt electric heating element. Research parameters include total bacteria (TPC), TDS, TSS, pH and Vitamin C. The combination of A3B2 treatment (90 seconds; 60°C) can reduce the total microbes of 2.7 log cycles. The treatment of physical and chemical property parameters on the combination of heat and HPEF generally had a significant influence
Production of tapai contained probiotic-candidate yeast as emerging food made from cassava for enhanced microflora gut health
Authors: Nurhayati N , Subagio A , Wahyuni I , Purwandari U 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Emerging food is developed from local commodities to support food security and consumer health from natural ingredients. The aim of these research was to produce the probiotic tapai from cassava using native strains isolated from Indonesian tapai. The research stages carried out were formulating tapai probiotics using local strains, then carrying out inoculation, fermentation and quality analysis. There were six treatments in this study and four treatments were designed for fermentation using local probiotics from preliminary research. Sensory analysis was conducted to determine the preferred tapai as the best product. Based on the research showed the best tapai probiotic formula is the F6 formula which is prepared with the addition of NKL tapai yeast and 1% Kodamaea ohmeri. The survival of probiotic yeast on tapai was 52.68-82.71%. It can be concluded that tapai products can be functional food products that have the potential to increase probiotic bacteria.
Eggs production yield and physical quality eggs of laying quail by inclusion of Clitoria ternatea flour as a phytobiotic in the diets
Authors: Hafsah  , Sulistiawati Dwi , Tahir Muhammad , Damayanti Andi Pertiwi , Nurfadillah Andi , Al Shahab Muhammed Rasyiq 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Feed ingredients need to be managed well to maximize quail production potential. In addition to having the right amount and quality of nutrients to maximize egg production, that feed can serve as a source of phytobiotics to help maintain health. The butterfly pea (Clitoria Ternatea), which has flowers that has vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds, is one feed that can be used as a source of phytobiotics. The study was conducted to determine the quantity and quality of eggs produced by laying quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) by adding butterfly flower (BF) flour to diets as a source of phytobiotics. At total of 180 laying quails were treated in this study, which 6 treatments with 3 replicates. Experimental diets were offered ad libitum and water were available at all time. The study was resulted highly significant (P<0.01) affected quail day production(QDP) and index of yolk color. Whereas feed intake and feed conversion ratio were found to be significantly (P<0.05) affected. Egg weight, egg index, egg yolk, yolk index, egg albumen, shell weight, and shell thickness, however, were not significantly (P>0.05) impacted. Butterfly flower (Clitoria Ternatea) flour can be used as a natural phytobiotics and can increase the number of eggs and the yolk’s color score without affecting the physical quality of the eggs.
Fuzzy logic model on web-based citrus mapping and marketing geographic information system
Authors: Wibowo Nugroho Setyo , Sundari Sri , Dhamayanthi Wenny , Sugiartono Endro , Suparto  
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Jember Regency is the second largest producer of citrus in East Java Province with a production of 131,855 tons or 27.45% of the total citrus production. Siamese orange production continues to increase, from 852,359 in 2011 to 1,370,422 in 2015. In 2016, the production of siamese oranges was the largest production compared to other types of fruit in Jember Regency, which amounted to 1,348,767 tons of 4,222,455 tons of fruit crop production in Jember Regency (BPS Jember Regency, 2017). In terms of sales, these siam oranges are not only in the local market and the nearest inter-regional market but have also been marketed outside the city such as Yogyakarta, Jakarta, Semarang, Surabaya and Bali (pertanian.jatimprov.go.id). In order to improve and optimize the agricultural land of citrus plants and to find out the marketing of citrus fruit in Jember Regency, a fuzzy logic model was developed as an artificial intelligent base that can not only visualize the distribution of citrus agricultural land but also can provide an overview of citrus fruit marketing data in Jember Regency so that later it can be used as a basis for decision making by interested parties in Jember Regency, especially those related to citrus fruit. This research aims to apply fuzzy logic models as artificial intelligence about the value and parameters of land data and citrus fruit marketing in Jember Regency so that the model can be applied to a web-based geographic information system application of land mapping and citrus marketing that can help farmers and related agencies in Jember Regency.
Preprocessing vannamei skeleton image for feature classification
Authors: Mariam  , Gaffar Ismail , Makkulawu Andi Ridwan , Ardiansyah  
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The use of visual imaging technology on underwater objects is still being developed, one of which is vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). It is one type of shrimp that is popularly consumed by the world community. Super intensive shrimp pond farming can produce high amounts of production, but sometimes farmers also find very low production or in this case, harvest failure. It is influenced by many factors, one of which is the supervision of post-molting shrimp that require stable calcium levels in water to form new shells. This is done to keep soft shrimp without skin (post-molting) from dying due to cannibalism. Handling this requires monitoring using underwater imaging. The purpose of this research is to interpret the image of vaname shrimp molting underwater. The method used is image processing which consists of: Resize image, grayscale, thresholding, erosion and skeleton techniques. Skeleton features are well used for prediction of molting and not molting vanamei shrimp, where the prediction accuracy value using Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification Linear model shows an accuracy value of 71.43%.
Plasma mediated water splitting for hydrogen production
Authors: Cook M J , Nott T , Trompetter W J , Futter J , Bumby C W , Kennedy J V 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This review explores the potential of enhancing hydrogen production energy efficiency through plasma-mediated water-splitting methods. A variety of plasma types have been explored in the literature for this purpose, including dielectric barrier discharge, microwave, radiofrequency, and gliding arc, with a large range of efficiencies in water splitting. The highest reported efficiencies of up to 80% have been achieved in systems using steam with argon as a carrier gas. The integration of steam in plasma reactors in place of room temperature liquid water contributes a remarkable 20%–50% increase to the overall energy efficiency while the additional energy required in converting water to steam only incurs a 16.4% energy cost to the overall process. Moreover, the addition of argon as a carrier gas in the plasma further enhances overall energy efficiency by an additional 25%–40%, bringing the energy efficiency of these systems up to 80% (based on plasma power). In addition, the use of steam proves advantageous as it prevents significant hydrogen peroxide production (a competing side reaction), and the unreacted steam can be readily condensed or frozen out to separate from the hydrogen and oxygen produced. These enhancements indicate that plasma-mediated water splitting has the potential to achieve similar efficiencies to conventional water electrolysis, with different benefits, paving the way for new applications of hydrogen technology. The disadvantage of plasma systems compared to polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis is that the hydrogen and oxygen are produced together, however these gases can be readily separated using several technologies. While large-scale plasma systems for water splitting may not currently exist, the potential gains in energy efficiency open avenues for future research and implementation on a larger scale.
Investigation of tactile and strain sensing utilizing carbon-fiber network in silicone elastomer matrix
Authors: Lee Harry , Kim Garam , Barocio Eduardo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As the popularity of immersive and interactive technology continues to grow, there is demand for wearable or conformable tactile and strain sensors for human–computer-interaction. A major challenge in current conformable sensors is durability, tremendously limiting their applications in the market. This study utilizes long carbon-fiber networks in silicone elastomer matrix as electrodes for sensing, which consequently strengthens the sensors. Row and column pattern of long carbon-fiber was used to create projected capacitive touch sensors at every intersection and demonstrate multi-touch and spatial mapping capabilities. Similarly, these intersections were also demonstrated as piezoresistive force sensor where deformation from pressure on the intersection decreases the resistance between the row and column electrodes by altering the electrical network among the carbon-fibers. Lastly, piezoresistive strain sensors were manufactured by impregnating a pre-woven carbon-fiber fabric with silicone. Deformation in the 45-degree angle relative to the fabric caused changes in the electrical interactions between carbon-fibers and therefore the resistance along the sensor as well. These strain sensors showed an interesting behavior of increasing then decreasing resistance as the tensile load shifted from the silicone matrix to the carbon-fibers. The ultimate strength of properly bonded strain sensors using Smooth-On Sil-Poxy was significantly greater than the strength of pure two-part silicone. An intricately designed carbon-fiber network within a silicone matrix could combine these sensing mechanisms to potentially create a durable and compact multifunctional sensor that expands wearable sensing technology to rugged environments.