bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytical approach to piezoelectric model synthesis with the use of Cauer’s method for system design
Authors: Harazin Jacek , Wróbel Andrzej 
Published: October 2023

Background: Piezoceramic materials have unique property which enables direct and bilateral conversion between mechanical and electrical energy. This ability facilitates significant miniaturisation of technology and opens many opportunities in design of new actuators and energy harvesters. Mathematical modelling of piezoelectric modules is notoriously hard due to complex constitutive equations defining mechanical and electrical energy conversion. Methods: The article presents research on a new synthesis method based on the Cauer’s method for electrical and mechanical system design. Mechanical damping is introduced with the use of Rayleigh’s approximation. A discrete electromechanical model is formed based on the Mason’s piezoelectric model. As an additional element of the research, a non-standard model analysis method using edge graphs and structural numbers is employed to investigate potential reductions in computational requirements for model analysis. Results: The electromechanical model analysis has shown an error of 5% in relation to the resonance target. The calculated peak in magnitude of displacement at the resonant frequency was well above the capability of a 3.5mm thick piezoelectric plate. The proposed non-standard method of analysis gave identical results in terms of obtained resonance frequencies. The calculated magnitude of vibrations was varying by 50 – 58%. Conclusions: The synthesis method presented in this paper allows an approximation of piezoelectric parameters of a real system based on the created mathematical model. Currently this method is subject to a considerable error in the determined vibration amplitudes of the system, but it allows a coarse approximation of the parameters while having a very limited number of input data. The additional method of analysis based on structural numbers offers a promising alternative to matrix calculations but requires a more thorough investigation of the computational power required to determine whether it can compete with existing algorithms.
The problem of the incidence of falls in hospitals in Poland in the opinion of physiotherapists
Authors: Mikos Marcin , Ciukszo Agnieszka , Podhorecka Marta , Curyło Mateusz 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: An unintentional fall is an event whereby a person inadvertently comes to rest on the ground or floor for reasons other than a violent impact, loss of consciousness, or the sudden onset of paralysis that can occur during a stroke or epileptic seizure. Implementing effective strategies can reduce the risk of falls, reduce fall-related injuries and reduce healthcare costs. Aim: The aim of the study was to get to know the opinion of physiotherapists working in one of the Krakow multi-specialty hospitals on the risk of falls in hospitals in Poland.
Material and methods: Thirty physiotherapists participated in the study. The study was conducted using a proprietary questionnaire consisting of 44 questions. Results: The most common place in the hospital where, according to the respondents, a fall occurs is the toilet, bathroom, corridor and patient room. 80% of respondents indicate that physiotherapists in Poland are sufficiently prepared to conduct professional activities aimed at preventing patients from falling in hospitals.
Conclusions: Falls of patients in hospitals in Poland are a significant systemic problem. The main causes of patient falls in the hospital were indicated by the respondents as staff shortage, poor technical condition of infrastructure and underfunding of health care. According to the surveyed physiotherapists, most falls are recorded in the departments of rehabilitation and internal medicine, which is confirmed by the cited literature.
The effect of mindfulness interventions on stress in medical students: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sperling Edie L. , Hulett Jennifer M. , Sherwin LeeAnne B. , Thompson Sarah , Bettencourt B. Ann 
Published: October 2023

Background
Medical students have high levels of stress, which is associated with higher incidents of burnout, depression, and suicide compared to age-matched peers. Mindfulness practices have been shown to reduce stress among medical students.

Purpose
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine if mindfulness interventions have an overall effect on stress outcomes in the high-stress population of medical students globally, particularly given the wide variety of interventions. Any intervention designed to promote mindfulness was included.

Methods
A comprehensive literature search was completed to include multiple databases, ancestry, and hand-searching and 35 studies were included. Standardized mean difference effect sizes (ES) were synthesized across studies using a random-effects model for changes in stress levels in medical students ≥ 18. Moderator analyses were performed to explore variations in effects by participant and intervention characteristics.

Results
Mindfulness interventions significantly improved stress among medical students in both the two-arm studies (d = 0.370, k = 19, n = 2,199, 95% CI 0.239–0.501, p < .001) and one-arm pre-post studies (d = 0.291, k = 30, n = 18 (two cohorts from Dyrbye et al), 95% CI 0.127–0.455, p = 0.001). Moderator analyses found trends in less hours and less required practice resulted in better improvement in stress.

Conclusions
This study further confirms that despite a wide variety of mindfulness interventions for medical students around the world, they produce an overall small-to-moderate effect on stress reduction. Future research looking at the most effective protocols for high-stress medical students would be beneficial.
Protocol for an international multicenter randomized controlled trial assessing treatment success and safety of peroral endoscopic myotomy vs endoscopic balloon dilation for the treatment of achalasia in children
Authors: Mussies Carlijn , van Lennep Marinde , van der Lee Johanna H. , Singendonk Maartje J. , Benninga Marc. A. , Bastiaansen Barbara A. , Fockens Paul , Bredenoord Albert J. , van Wijk Michiel P. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction
Achalasia is a rare neurodegenerative esophageal motility disorder characterized by incomplete lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation, increased LES tone and absence of esophageal peristalsis. Achalasia requires invasive treatment in all patients. Conventional treatment options include endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) and laparoscopic Heller’s myotomy (LHM). Recently, a less invasive endoscopic therapy has been developed; Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM). POEM integrates the theoretical advantages of both EBD and LHM (no skin incisions, less pain, short hospital stay, less blood loss and a durable myotomy). Our aim is to compare efficacy and safety of POEM vs. EBD as primary treatment for achalasia in children.

Methods and analysis
This multi-center, and center-stratified block-randomized controlled trial will assess safety and efficacy of POEM vs EBD. Primary outcome measure is the need for retreatment due to treatment failure (i.e. persisting symptoms (Eckardt score > 3) with evidence of recurrence on barium swallow and/or HRM within 12 months follow-up) as assed by a blinded end-point committee (PROBE design).

Discussion
This RCT will be the first one to evaluate which endoscopic therapy is most effective and safe for treatment of naïve pediatric patients with achalasia.
Household transmission investigation for Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a rural and urban population of north India
Authors: Yadav Kapil , K. J. Subhashini , Meena Suneeta , Kumar Rakesh , Kaur Ravneet , Bairwa Mohan , Kant Shashi , Misra Puneet , Rai Sanjay K. , Ahmad Mohammad , Rahman Anisur 
Published: October 2023

Background
Transmissibility within closed settings, such as households, can provide a strategic way to characterize the virus transmission patterns because the denominator can be well defined. We aimed to characterize the household transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS CoV-2) and its associated risk factors.

Methods
This prospective case-ascertained study was conducted among the household contacts of laboratory-confirmed SARS CoV-2 cases residing in Ballabgarh, Haryana. We enrolled 148 index cases and their 645 household contacts between December 16, 2020 and June 24, 2021. We defined household contact as any person who had resided in the same household as a confirmed COVID-19 case. Baseline data collection and sample collection for real time- reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and IgM/IgG against SARS CoV-2 were done on day 1 visit, and followed for a period of 28 days. RT-PCR was repeated on day 14 or whenever the contact is symptomatic and blood sample for serology was repeated on day 28. We estimated household secondary infection rate (SIR) and other epidemiological indicators–median incubation period and serial interval. We employed binomial logistic regression to quantify risk factors associated with infection.

Results
The household SIR was 30.5% (95% CI: 27.1–34.1%). The secondary clinical attack rate was 9.3% (95% CI: 7.2–11.8). The risk factors that showed higher susceptibility to infection were household contacts who were the primary care giver of the case, whose index cases were symptomatic, those with underlying medical conditions, those living in overcrowded households, who were sharing toilet with the index cases and also who were not wearing a mask when coming in contact with the case. The median (IQR) incubation period was 4 days (4, 5), mean (SD) serial interval 6.4 (±2.2) days, and median (IQR) serial interval 5 days (5, 7).

Conclusion
Households favour secondary transmission of SARS CoV- 2, hence, index cases are recommended to self-isolate and wear masks; and household contacts to follow strict COVID infection control measures within households when a family member is infected.
Molecular and clinicopathological implications of PRAME expression in adult glioma
Authors: Le Minh-Khang , Vuong Huy Gia , Dunn Ian F. , Kondo Tetsuo 
Published: October 2023

Background
PRAME (PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma) is a biomarker studied in various human cancers. Little is known about the biological implications of PRAME in glioma. We aimed to perform a comprehensive analysis to explore PRAME gene expression and its biological and clinicopathological significance in gliomas.

Methods and materials
We accessed the human cancer atlas (TCGA) database to collect glioma patients (n = 668) with primary tumors and gene expression data. Single nucleotide variants, copy number variation, DNA methylation data, and other clinicopathological factors were also extracted for the analysis.

Results
Overall, 170, 484, and 14 tumors showed no expression, low expression (FPKM≤1), and overexpression (FPKM>1) of the PRAME gene, respectively. The principal component analysis and pathway analyses showed that PRAME-positive gliomas (n = 498), which consisted of tumors with PRAME low expression and overexpression, expressed different oncogenic profiles, possessing higher activity of Hedgehog, P3IK-AKT-mTOR, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways (p<0.001). DNA methylation analysis also illustrated that PRAME-positive tumors were distributed more densely within a grade 4-related cluster (p<0.001). PRAME positivity was an independent prognostic factor for poor outcomes in a multivariate cox analysis adjusted for clinical characteristics and genetic events. Kaplan-Meier analysis stratified by revised classification showed that PRAME positivity was solely associated with IDH-wildtype glioblastoma, grade 4. Finally, PRAME-overexpressing cases (n = 14) had the worst clinical outcome compared to the PRAME-negative and PRAME-low cohorts (adjusted p<0.001) in pairwise comparisons.

Conclusion
PRAME expression statuses may dictate different biological and clinicopathological profiles in IDH-wildtype glioblastoma.
Socio-demographic and behavioral correlates of excess weight and its health consequences among older adults in India: Evidence from a cross-sectional study, 2017–18
Authors: Saha Amiya , Muhammad T. , Mandal Bittu , Adhikary Mihir , Barman Papai 
Published: October 2023

Background
Rapid population aging is expected to become one of the major demographic transitions in the twenty-first century due to the continued decline in fertility and rise in life expectancy. Such a rise in the aged population is associated with increasing non-communicable diseases. India has suffered from obesity epidemic, with morbid obesity affecting 5% of the population and continuing an upward trend in other developing countries. This study estimates the prevalence of excess weight among older adults in India, and examines the socio-demographic and behavioral factors and its health consequences.

Methods
The study used data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave 1 (2017–18). A total sample of 25,952 older adults (≥ 60 years) was selected for the study. Descriptive statistics, bivariate Chi-Square test, and logistic regression models were applied to accomplish the study objectives. Body mass index (BMI) has been computed for the study according to the classification of the World Health Organization, and “excess weight” refers to a score of BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2.

Results
Overall, 23% of older adults (≥ 60 years) were estimated with excess weight in India, which was higher among women irrespective of socioeconomic and health conditions. The higher levels of excess weight (than the national average of ≥22.7%) were observed among older adults in states like Haryana, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Manipur, Goa, Kerala, Karnataka, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Sikkim and some other states. After adjusting for selected covariates, the odds of excess weight were higher among females than males [OR: 2.21, 95% CI: 1.89, 2.60]. Similarly, the likelihood of excess weight was 2.18 times higher among older adults who were living in urban areas compared to their rural counterparts [OR: 2.18; 95% CI: 1.90, 2.49]. Higher level of education is significantly positively correlated with excess weight. Similarly, higher household wealth index was significantly positively correlated with excess weight [OR: 1.98, CI: 1.62, 2.41]. Having hypertension, diabetes and heart diseases were associated with excess weight among older adults. Regional variations were also observed in the prevalence of excess weight among older adults.

Conclusion
The findings suggest that introducing measures that help to reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases, and campaigns to encourage physical activity, and community awareness may help reduce the high burden of excess weight and obesity among older Indians. The findings are important for identifying the at-risk sub-populations and for the better functioning of any public health programme and suitable intervention techniques to lower the prevalence and risk factors for excess weight in later life.
The use of artificial intelligence tools in cancer detection compared to the traditional diagnostic imaging methods: An overview of the systematic reviews
Authors: Silva Helbert Eustáquio Cardoso da , Santos Glaucia Nize Martins , Leite André Ferreira , Mesquita Carla Ruffeil Moreira , Figueiredo Paulo Tadeu de Souza , Stefani Cristine Miron , de Melo Nilce Santos 
Published: October 2023

Background and purposeIn comparison to conventional medical imaging diagnostic modalities, the aim of this overview article is to analyze the accuracy of the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques in the identification and diagnosis of malignant tumors in adult patients.Data sourcesThe acronym PIRDs was used and a comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, Embase, Scielo, EBSCOhost, and grey literature through Proquest, Google Scholar, and JSTOR for systematic reviews of AI as a diagnostic model and/or detection tool for any cancer type in adult patients, compared to the traditional diagnostic radiographic imaging model. There were no limits on publishing status, publication time, or language. For study selection and risk of bias evaluation, pairs of reviewers worked separately.ResultsIn total, 382 records were retrieved in the databases, 364 after removing duplicates, 32 satisfied the full-text reading criterion, and 09 papers were considered for qualitative synthesis. Although there was heterogeneity in terms of methodological aspects, patient differences, and techniques used, the studies found that several AI approaches are promising in terms of specificity, sensitivity, and diagnostic accuracy in the detection and diagnosis of malignant tumors. When compared to other machine learning algorithms, the Super Vector Machine method performed better in cancer detection and diagnosis. Computer-assisted detection (CAD) has shown promising in terms of aiding cancer detection, when compared to the traditional method of diagnosis.ConclusionsThe detection and diagnosis of malignant tumors with the help of AI seems to be feasible and accurate with the use of different technologies, such as CAD systems, deep and machine learning algorithms and radiomic analysis when compared with the traditional model, although these technologies are not capable of to replace the professional radiologist in the analysis of medical images. Although there are limitations regarding the generalization for all types of cancer, these AI tools might aid professionals, serving as an auxiliary and teaching tool, especially for less trained professionals. Therefore, further longitudinal studies with a longer follow-up duration are required for a better understanding of the clinical application of these artificial intelligence systems.Trial registrationSystematic review registration.Prospero registration number:CRD42022307403.
The short-form of the Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS-12): Adaptation and validation of the Spanish version in young Peruvian students
Authors: Robles-Mariños Rodrigo , Alvarado Germán F. , Maguiña Jorge L. , Bazo-Alvarez Juan Carlos 
Published: October 2023

Background
Cyberchondria is defined as the increase in health-related anxiety or anguish associated with excessive or repeated online searches for health-related information. Our objective was to cross-culturally adapt and validate the CSS-12 scale for Peruvian Spanish speakers, to determine whether the Bifactor model works as well in our population as in previous studies’ and to explore whether the Bifactor-ESEM is a more suitable model.

Methods
We performed a cultural adaptation using the Delphi method and a validation study on medical students between 2018 and 2019. Reliability was evaluated by using Cronbach’s alpha (α) and McDonald’s omega (Ω) for internal consistency, and Pearson’s r and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), for test-retest reliability. We evaluated construct validity by contrasting four measurement models for the CSS-12 and the convergent validity against health anxiety.

Results
The Spanish CSS-12 showed excellent reliability (α = .93; Ω = .93; ICC = .93; r = .96). The Bifactor ESEM model showed the best fit, supporting a unidimensional measure of the general cyberchondria. This measure was positively associated with health anxiety (r = .51).

Conclusions
The Spanish CSS-12 provides a valid and reliable unidimensional measure of cyberchondria, which is distinguishable from the more general health anxiety. This can be applied to similar populations and future research. The Bifactor-ESEM model appears to offer a more accurate and realistic representation of the multifaceted nature of cyberchondria. We provide a free-to-use form of the Spanish CSS-12 as supplemental material.
Clinical Outcomes After Endoscopic Management of Low-Risk and High-Risk T1a Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Kamboj Amrit K. , Goyal Rohit , Vantanasiri Kornpong , Sachdeva Karan , Passe Melissa , Lansing Ramona , Garg Nikita , Chandi Paras S. , Ramirez Francisco C. , Kahn Allon , Fukami Norio , Wolfsen Herbert C. , Krishna Murli , Pai Rish K. , Hagen Catherine , Lee Hee Eun , Wang Kenneth K. , Leggett Cadman L. , Iyer Prasad G. 
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Endoscopic eradication therapy (EET) is standard of care for T1a esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). However, data on outcomes in high-risk T1a EAC are limited. We assessed and compared outcomes after EET of low-risk and high-risk T1a EAC, including intraluminal EAC recurrence, extraesophageal metastases, and overall survival.

METHODS:
Patients who underwent EET for T1a EAC at 3 referral Barrett's esophagus endotherapy units between 1996 and 2022 were included. Patients with submucosal invasion, positive deep margins, or metastases at initial diagnosis were excluded. High-risk T1a EAC was defined as T1a EAC with poor differentiation and/or lymphovascular invasion, with low-risk disease being defined without these features. All pathology was systematically assessed by expert gastrointestinal pathologists. Baseline and follow-up endoscopy and pathology data were abstracted. Time-to-event analyses were performed to compare outcomes between groups.

RESULTS:
One hundred eighty-eight patients with T1a EAC were included (high risk, n = 45; low risk, n = 143) with a median age of 70 years, and 84% were men. Groups were comparable for age, sex, Barrett's esophagus length, lesion size, and EET technique. Rates of delayed extraesophageal metastases (11.1% vs 1.4%) were significantly higher in the high-risk group (P = 0.02). There was no significant difference in the rates of intraluminal EAC recurrence (P = 0.79) and overall survival (P = 0.73) between the 2 groups.

DISCUSSION:
Patients with high-risk T1a EAC undergoing successful EET had a substantially higher rate of extraesophageal metastases compared with those with low-risk T1a EAC on long-term follow-up. These data should be factored into discussions with patients while selecting treatment approaches. Additional prospective data in this area are critical.
Simultaneous Gastric and Colonic Metastasis of Breast Cancer
Authors: Botto Inês , Moiteiro Cruz Rafael , Noronha Ferreira Carlos , Valente Ana Isabel , Carrilho-Ribeiro Luis , Tato-Marinho Rui , Ferreira Cristina , Correia Luis 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Although breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women, metastasization to the gastrointestinal tract is rare. We present a 59-year-old woman with simultaneous gastric and colonic metastasis of invasive lobular breast carcinoma. She had been diagnosed with BC and underwent surgery and systemic therapy. Two years later, an increase in tumor markers motivated investigation, including upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy, which identified gastric ulcers and mucosal irregularity in the cecum. Histopathological analysis was compatible with gastric and colonic metastases from BC. We highlight the importance of biopsying every endoscopically visible lesion in patients with BC history.
Retraction Notice to Control of Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Micro-Energy Grid’s DC Feeders' Power Flow Application, IJRED 11(2), 533-546
Authors: Hadiyanto H 
Published: October 2023

Refers to: RETRACTED: Control of Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Micro-Energy Grid’s DC Feeders' Power Flow Application. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, Volume 11(2), May 2022, Pages 533-546 Muhammad Hammad Saeed, Wang Fangzong, Basheer Ahmed Kalwar -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------