bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macroscopical and microscopical study of placenta in normal and in pregnancy induced hypertension
Authors: Hady Lateef Al-Mamori Rafah 
Published: January 2024

Placenta was an indicator of maternal and foetal disorders. Many of the disorders of pregnancy which are associated with high prenatal morbidity and mortality are accompanied by changes in placental histology. The current works was an analysis of gross and histological changes of placenta in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. A total of 50 placentas are studied 25 placenta from hypertensive pregnant mothers and 25 from non hypertensive pregnant mothers. The morphmetric parameters in hypertensive group revealed that there is an increase in the mean placental weights, mean placental diameter and mean birth weights in comparison with normal group.
The analysis of macroscopic placental changes showed decrease in the mean number of cotyledons and increase in mean number of calcified areas as well as an increase in the number of marginal insertion of umbilical cord.The histological appearance of placenta in hypertensive pregnant mothers revealed increase in hyalinized spots and areas of calcification also a medial coat proliferation of medium sized blood vessels are observed . In conclusion the hypertensive disorder of pregnancy well reflected on mother placenta.
Extended spectrum ÃŸ-lactamase (ESBL) mediated resistance to third generation cephalosporins in urinary tract infection isolates of Klebseilla pneumonia
Authors: Muhsin Almohana Ali , Jabir Hadi Zainab , Abdul- Hadi Suad 
Published: January 2024

Objective: To examine the dissemination of extended spectrum ÃŸlactamase (ESBL) producing isolates of Klebseilla pneumoniae obtained from patients with significant bacteriuria.Methods: ESBL and multiantibiotic resistance were studied in a total of 25 isolates of K. pneumoniae.Results: all isolates found resistance to at least five of the antibiotics used in this study. All the isolates were found sensitive to the antibiotic imipenem. 5 (22.7%) of these isolates were ESBL producing. The ESBL producing isolates were more resistant to antibiotics than non-ESBL isolates.
The ESBL activity could be experimentally transferred to recipient Escherichia coli MM294.Conclusions: present study has found the occurrence of ESBL producing K. pneumoniae isolates in Najaf hospitals. Test for the detection of ESBL producing bacterial isolates should be carried out in all diagnostic laboratories routinely and the therapeutic use of all the third generation cephalosporins should be avoided against bacterial isolates that appear resistant to any third generation antibiotic.
Evaluation of Anticoagulant Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation in Babylon
Authors: Hashim Al-Yasiri Hasanain , Badr Al-awadi Najlaa 
Published: January 2024

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia and is a major independent risk factor for peripheral thromboembolism mainly strokes. Anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists is the most effective therapy for stroke prophylaxis in AF.Methods : In this study; 236 patients were included complaining of sustained or paroxysmal AF. They were admitted to medical ward or attended outpatient clinic in Al-Hilla Teaching Hospital in Babylon governorate during the period from 1st Jan. 2008 to 1st Jan. 2010. At the time of enrollment; INR was done for all patients and previous INR results were requested and reported. Stable therapeutic anticoagulation was defined as two INR values (measured at least two weeks apart) were within or above therapeutic range. Then patients were classified into different stroke risk groups. Based on these categories; treatment modalities, it's effectiveness and compliance were calculated. The antithrombotic therapies were considered consistent with guidelines when OAC was prescribed for high and intermediate (subtype A) risk groups and acetyl salicylic acid-aspirin (ASA) was prescribed for intermediate (subtype B) and low risk groups. The patients on OAC were considered "within target INR range" if INR was within recommended target range in 50% or more of occasions.
Results : A total of 236 patients with AF were studied; age range was 18-86 years, 58.5 % (138/236) of them were males. 38.6% (91/236) of our patients were on recommended treatment according to guidelines recommendations. 55.1% (130/236) of our patients were ideally indicated for OAC therapy and only 43.1% (56/130) of them were on OAC therapy. 35.2% (83/236) of our patients were in high risk group and only 44.6% (37/83) of them were on OAC therapyConclusion : There is a clear under-treatment of AF in Babylon even in patients with high stroke risk, and the patients on OAC therapy weren't achieving target INR.
Somatization Disorder Among Primary Health Care Centers Patients
Authors: Mohammed Alkhafaji Abdulzahra , Abdulhassan Faris Mohammad 
Published: January 2024

Background: Somatization disorder is multiple medically unexplained symptoms of long duration& involve multiple organ systems.Objectives: To study the prevalence of somatization disorder among patients of PHC. Centers and the role of the various sociodemographic factors also demonstrate the presentation & clinical pattern of somatization disorder.Methods: Out of 678 patients who were selected randomly from two of primary health care centers in Diwaniya city over a period from the first of October 2009 to 31th December 2009. These patients were interviewed using the International Diagnostic checklist for ICD-10 somatization disorder.Results: The study reveals that 14.6%of the patients have Somatization Disorder. and it is most common among (46-55) years age group(19.1%), females(19.7%), divorced (27.8%), illiterate(24.3%), low family income(21.2%) & unemployed (17.0%) patients.
Somatization Disorder was least common among age group(15-25) years(4.5%), male(8.1%), married(12%), highly educated (7.3%), high family income(6.7%) & employed(11.8%) patients. The most common presentation of somatization disorder. was pain in limbs, extremities or joints( 81.8%) .Conclusions : Somatization Disorder. is relatively common in PHC. visitors & this represent a big burden on health institutions if remain undiagnosed for long period.
Immunological assessment of hemodialysis patients in Al- Diwaniya and Al-Najaf governorates
Authors: A.Al-Hilaly Hammady , A. Al-Essami Alaa'a , A. Sharara Arafat 
Published: January 2024

The present study was carried out to investigate the immunological status of special category of patients who were ongoing Hemodialysis process as they at End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD).The study group (patients) included were 82 individuals who were regularly attending HD units at AL-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital and AL-Hakeem Teaching Hospital (AL-Najaf AL-Ashraf) / Iraq during the period Nov.2008 - Aug.2009. Another two control groups; the 1st (n=50)who were apparently healthy and the 2nd(n=32) patients with UTI other than ESRD. They all subjected to a questionnaire form regarding many general variables. Blood samples collected and each divided into tow aliquots; the 1st for hematology and the second (serum) for biochemical and serology tests including IFN-Î³ and IL-8 assays using ELISA. The interesting results those of serum IFN-Î³, IL-8(pg/ml) and CRP(mg/ml) among the three study groups; the median concentration of IFN- Î³ in HD patients and renal disease (not failure) was zero , while it was 0.05 in healthy control. However, the only significant difference was between the first and third groups. Interleukin -8 has seem to be more significant different as it has had median concentration of, 24.1, 23.7, and 104.1 in the three groups above , respectively.
Traumatic dorso lumbar spine fractures and its management
Authors: Hekmat Al Dahhan Musaed 
Published: January 2024

mobile spine. The posterior approach with interpedicular screws and rods for segment stabilization was found appropriate method. Forty eight consecutive patients of dorso-lumbar spine injuries with or without neurological deficit ranged from 18-55 years were included in this study. LI vertebra was fractured in 32 cases, D12 in 12 cases l 1 in 3 cases and D10 in one case.21 patients presented with unstable fractures, 12 of them presented with complete paraplegia while 9 presented with incomplete neurological deficit. 16 patients with stable fractures treated conservatively while 32 patients treated surgically by decompression of the cord (Laminectomy) at the site of injury with stabilization by interpedicular screws and rods. All sixteen patients without neurological deficit and stable fractures treated conservatively and return to the work within 3 weeks of injury, 9 patients presented with partial neurological deficit showed significant improvement after surgery, while those 12 patients who presented with complete paraplegia showed no any significant improvement. The anterior wedge compression angle decreased postoperatively and there is improvement in kyphosis and decrease in severity of the pain. Transpedicular screws fixation with rods is the method of choice in treatment of dorsolumbar spine injury for stabilization and decompression to allow improvement of neurological deficit and earlyrehabilitation.
Gram-positive bacteremia in febrile children under two years of age in babylon province
Authors: Naher H. S. , Al-Mrzoq J. M. , Hasson S.O. 
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to investigate gram-positive bacteremia in febrile children according to some risk factors and to detect the type causative bacteria. One hundred sixty blood samples were collected from children under 2 years who were suffering from fever and admitted to emergency department of Babylon Maternity and Children Hospital in Hilla. The results indicated that 31(19.4%) blood samples revealed positive cultures consisting of 21(68%) gram-positive bacterial isolates and 10(32%) gram-negative isolates*. Gram-positive isolates represented by; Staphylococcus aureus which accounted for 10(33%), Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS) which accounted for 5 isolates(16%), Streptococcus pygenes 4 isolates(13%), Listeria monocytogenes and Micrococcus sp. 1 isolate(3%) for each. The results showed that; infants under one months of age were more susceptible for bacteremia than other ages, in a rate of 32%. Males were found to be more susceptible than females, since the rates of infection were 52% and 48% respectively, with no significant correlation. The rate of infection in children living in rural area was found to be 67.7% while it was 32.2% in urban children with a significant correlation.
Cigarette smoking habits among paramedical students in Baghdad- Iraq
Authors: Hato Juni Faraj 
Published: January 2024

Objective: to analyze and descrbe the prevalence of cigarette smoking, attitude among paramedical students.Methods & materials: Across- Sectional study was done among the paramedical students in central medical institutes (as Institute of Medical echnology -Baghdad, institute of medical technology Al- Mansur- Baghdad. This study was conducted from October 2008 to April 2009. students ages 22 to 24 years, They were randomly selected from the first and second study level Global Adult Tobacco Survey based questionnaire. Was used the first part of the questionnaire contained demographic data and the second part contained various questions about smoking habit and attitude.
Results: The study revealed that 50 (8.3%) of student were smoker. The prevalence of smoking was (19.6%) among males, and (0.0%) among females, smoking was more common in males than females (p=0.001), while the never smoked more among females than males (p< 0003).The main sources for initiating smoking habit are friends, parents, and media.Conclusion: (19.6%) of males and (0.0%) of females paramedical students in institute of medical technology , anti tobacco education and awareness should be adopted in the curriculum of school and colleges.
Indications of Tracheastomy in Najaf (Retrospective study 2008-2011)
Authors: L. Hasson Yasir , A. Al-Zubiadi Ahmed 
Published: January 2024

Tracheastomy is one of few ancient surgical procedures which is still widely used nowadays. There is an old famous statement (when you think about tracheastomy, it is time to do it). This statement is far away from reality with the emergence of new less invasive methods ofsecuring airway.Aim: to evaluate the indications of tracheastomy in Najaf. Patients and methods: a cross-sectional analytic study of 87 tracheastomy operations had been done in the period between January2008 to February 2011 in Al-Sadar teaching hospital in Najaf.Results : The mean age of our 87 patient was (52.4). Most of our patients were males 59(67.8%). The main indication for tracheastomy was upper airway obstruction 59 patients (67.8%), While the least indication was subglottic stenosis 2,2%. Among upper airway obstruction causes, carcinomas of the larynx and hypopharynx were the main indications for tracheastomy 67.7%. From 20 patients reqired tracheastomy for assisted ventilation 65% had head injury. In those six patients whom the main indication of tracheastomy was for bronchial toilet, 83.3% had head injuries (5patients).Conclusions : our indications for tracheastomy in Najaf is quite different from those over all the world. While still relieving of upper airway obstruction is the most common indication in our study, replacement of prolong intubation represent the first indication in developed countries.
Effect of Diltiazem on Intraocular Pressure in Normal and Ocular Hypertensive Rabbits
Authors: A. Abdul-Hussein Baha'a , A. Alzubaidy Adeeb , A. Radi Hassanen 
Published: January 2024

Background; Glaucoma is a multifactorial disease involving progressive optic neuropathy and altered intraocular hemodynamics; furthermore, glaucoma can cause blindness if it is left untreated.Aim of the study: To explore effects of topical diltiazem on intraocular pressure (IOP) in each of normal and ocular hypertensive rabbits.Materials and methods: A group of 54 males of the rabbits were included in the present study. Induction of ocular hypertension was achieved by injection of hydroxy propyl methylcellulose in the anterior chamber of rabbits right eye. In addition to distilled water (as negative control), each of timolol (as positive control) and diltiazem (the tested drug) eye drops were instilled 3 times daily to right eye prophylactically for 4 days and therapeuticallyResults: Part Î™: Diltiazem (0.5%) caused highly significant (P < 0.01) reduction in intraocular pressure of right eye .
Part Î™Î™: diltiazem, at both concentrations (0.5% and 0.25%) caused highly significant reduction (P < 0.01) in IOP at 5th and 10th days post treatment.Conclusions: Diltiazem exerted a detectable ocular hypotensive effect on the eye of rabbits when applied at concentration (0.5%) or (0.25%) 3 times daily.
Appendectomy in pediatrics : the value of peritoneal Fluid Smear and its bacteriological Profile
Authors: Mohammed Kadhim Manal 
Published: January 2024

Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of abdominal pain requiring surgery in children. In most instances the infecting organisms are normal inhabitants of the lumen of appendix . Surgery allows easy microbiological sampling. Aspiration of fluid or pus in a syringe is preferred. Swabs are less suitable and only to be used when sampling with a syringe is not feasible. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolated bacteria and particularly of the anaerobes can be important to adjust therapy in case of the presence of multi resistant bacteria. The aim of the study was to determine the bacteriological profile of acute appendicitis in children.
Study design is a prospective descriptive study including children hospitalized for acute appendicitis. Tissue samples(a specimen of the appendix), peritoneal fluid swab from the appendicial fossa and the peritoneal exudates (if exists) obtained at surgery from 54 children with suspected acute appendicitis operated at the pediatric surgery unit at the Maternity and Child Teaching Hospital in Al- Diwaniyah province from the period 1st of June 2007 to the end of May 2011, were examined histologically and by culture for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Out of these, 39 boys (72.2%) and 15 ( 27.7% girls). Their age ranged between (1.8-13) years, with a mean of 6.9 years. Of the all patients studied 34 presented with suppurative and phlegmnous appendicitis, 8 with gangrenous appendicitis, 6 with septic complications of appendicitis and 6 had normal appendices. Only 80 of the 108 swabs taken yielded a positive culture (74.07%). Bacteroides species and E.coli were the predominant organisms in most normal and acutely inflamed appendices. Aerobic bacteria were highly sensible to imipenem, amikacin, ceftriaxone and clindamicyn, but it was absolutely resistance to ampicillin. For anaerobic bacteria, sensitivity rates from high to low were chloramphenicol, carbenicillin, metronidazole and clindamycin. Although in our study no antibiotic regime was changed on the basis of a positive culture swab and the peritoneal culture swabs do not improve immediate postoperative therapy based on surgical impression and rapid histological reporting, however, the routine use of peritoneal culture swabs may be of value in identifying patients requiring outpatient follow-up.
Clinical and Laboratory investigation of Impetigo Contagious cases in Al-Diawynia Province
Authors: Kaeed Mohamed Hiam , Madhi Shaheed Orass , Abdulaa Dawood Najlaa 
Published: January 2024

Thirty four cases of Impetigo Contagious collected at period1/11/2008 to 1/6 /2009 with Female: Male ratio of (18:16) with ages (1- 30) The results was found that 26 patients (76.4 %) revealed staphylococcus aureus in laboratory examination . four patients (11.76 %) have shown streptococcus pyogenes , while the remaining (11.76 %) were found to have combined bacteria. This work revealed the interesting similar results of causative agent : staphylococcus aureus is the main pathogen , almost consistent with western literatures.
Sera levels of Interleukin -6 in psoriatic patients in najaf city
Authors: Hussain fadel Radhia 
Published: January 2024

This work was done to evaluate IL-6 level , Total white blood cells count , Neutrophils and Eosinophils. Study group included (80) subjects were classified to two groups according to the severity of the psoriasis , mild which include 32 patients, their ages ranged between (9-40) years and sever group which include 48 patients , their ages ranged between (17-75 years) . The control group consist of (30) healthy volunteers , their ages ranged between (9-75) years no symptoms and with no history of psoriasis. Il-6 were estimated by kit The Biosoure Il-6 (EASIA) using a solid phase enzyme amplified sensitivity immunoassay (EASIA) performed on microtiterplate for serum in both mild and sever subjects The result revealed that The mean of IL-6 concentration was higher in sever psoriatic group (39.24 pg/ml) than mild psoriatic patients (20.98 pg /ml) with higher significantly at p<0.01 , while the levels of IL-6 in mild psoriatic group showed no significant differences as comparing with healthy control group (p>0.05); while Total white blood cells count of studied group were a significantly increased number of leukocyte in inflammatory skin and psoriasis patients, Neutrophils percentage of studied groups , the current study are similar to those of a significantly increased number of leukocytes in inflammatory skin and psoriasis patients , The mean value levels of patients were significantly higher thanthose of control s(32.0) pg/ml and (12.64) pg/ml respectively at(p<0.01).
Paraumbilical hernial repair by mesh plug under local anesthesia
Authors: Habeeb Taher Fadel 
Published: January 2024

Back ground and objectives : The standard method of repair of paraumbilical hernia is by the mayo's technique,using a doublebreasted flap of the rectus sheath. The present study describes and evaluates the application of a prolen mesh plug in the paraumbilical repair.The use of a mesh plug in hernial repair is not a new concept with previous investigators yielding consistently excellent results in the repair of femoral and inguinal hernia. Patients and Methods: The study is prospective analysis of 36 patients having undergone PUH repair using the mesh plug technique in the period April 2004-April 2007. The study was conducted in Al-yarmouk teaching hospital .There were 16 males and 20 females with a median age of 50 years. ( range 30-80 years). Seventy percentage of the patient sample was obese (median BMI 30). whenever possible local anesthesia was used. Principal outcome measures were post â€“operative complications, recurrences,length of stay in hospital, analgesia, drain, return to normal activities and patient satisfaction.
Results: post operative complications encountered included one case of seroma and a single case of wound infection. Ninety eight persent [35 ] of patients were satisfied with procedure.Conclusion : Mesh plug repair can be performed with minimal post operative pain , minimal postoperative complications ,low recurrence rate and achieving excellent patient satisfaction. Prosthetic mesh plug repair under local anesthesia could become the standard treatment for PUH in adults.
Asses microvascular densities in breast ductal cell carcinoma (using CD 31 & VWF immunostain), in correlation to ER status
Authors: Zeki Naji Ali , A. Kerbel Hedel 
Published: January 2024

For three years duration( Jan 2009 â€“ Des 2011) , 50 cases of ER positive cases and 50 cases of ER negative cases were collected among mastectomy samples from patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast which were received by the department of histopathology in AL -Hilla teaching hospital. microvessel density (MVD) estimation for all cases using CD â€“ 31 & VWF immunostain, and the quantitative analyses of the microvessels in the 10 high power fields revealed the median for vessels count identified by anti-CD31 in ER-positive & ER- negative groups were( 18, 30) respectively, while median MVD as it expressed by anti-VWF in ER-positive & ER-negative groups were (19, 33) respectively. There were greater concentrations of microvessels stained brown by both antibodies (CD31 & VWF) in estrogen receptors- negative group compared to the estrogen receptors â€“ positive group. This difference was statistically significant (p< 0.001) .The highest values of MVD were obtained using anti-VWF other than anti-CD31 & the median MVD was significantly different between those two antibodies (p <0.005). So the
conclusion is that, high vessels count represent increased tumor angiogenesis and correlated with estrogen status, and tumor grade. Microvessels quantitation may be an additional prognostic factor especially when it combined with more established parameters like estrogen receptor status.