bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Media actors as policy entrepreneurs: a case study of “No Jab, No Play” and “No Jab, No Pay” mandatory vaccination policies in Australia
Authors: Attwell Katie , Hannah Adam , Drislane Shevaun , Harper Tauel , Savage Glenn C. , Tchilingirian Jordan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe media’s central role in the policy process has long been recognised, with policy scholars noting the potential for news media to influence policy change. However, scholars have paid most attention to the news media as a conduit for the agendas, frames, and preferences of other policy actors. Recently, scholars have more closely examined media actors directly contributing to policy change. This paper presents a case study to argue that specific members of the media may display the additional skills and behaviours that characterise policy entrepreneurship. Our case study focuses on mandatory childhood vaccination in Australia, following the entrepreneurial actions of a deputy newspaper editor and her affiliated outlets. Mandatory childhood vaccination policies have grown in strength and number in recent years across the industrialised world in response to parents refusing to vaccinate their children. Australia’s federal and state governments have been at the forefront of meeting vaccine refusal with harsh consequences; our case study demonstrates how media actors conceived and advanced these policies. The experiences, skills, attributes, and strategies of Sunday Telegraph Deputy Editor Claire Harvey facilitated her policy entrepreneurship, utilising many classic hallmarks from the literature and additional opportunities offered by her media role. Harvey also subverted the classic pathway of entrepreneurship, mobilising the public ahead of policymakers to force the latter’s hand.
Access to housing credit and marriage: evidence from redlining maps
Authors: Madaleno Margarida 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study evaluates the impact of a policy popularly known as “redlining” on marriage. This policy led to the creation of a series of maps that guided banks in their lending, where some areas were favored and others were discriminated against. Given the quasi-randomness of mortgage discrimination, this policy allows us to make inferences regarding whether housing credit constraints affect marriage. Furthermore, it also provides insight into whether unequal access to housing credit played a role in the contemporary racial marriage gap. This policy allows us to make these inferences due to the fact that neighborhood blocks that were more heavily discriminated against had higher proportions of Black residents. The study uses a spatial differences in discontinuities design to show that the maps led to a reduction in marriage in discriminated areas. These effects are shown to not be due to sorting. They can also be ascribed to the housing credit mechanism per se, rather than competing second-order mechanisms that result from individuals being denied mortgages. These second-order effects can include, for instance, neighborhood decline effects found in other redlining work.
A Quantum view of entrepreneurial opportunity: moving beyond the Discovery and Creation views
Authors: Chen Jiyao , Zhang Stephen X. , Lundmark Erik 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article sheds new light on the debate between the Discovery and Creation views of entrepreneurial opportunity by drawing on quantum theory. We develop the Quantum view of opportunity, which explains how opportunity is both discovered and created. The Quantum view holds that the ontology and epistemology of opportunity are fundamentally inseparable, which explains why opportunity can never be fully specified. We argue, similar to the Discovery view, that opportunity exists as latent states irrespective of entrepreneurs and that, similar to the Creation view, opportunity is instantiated through entrepreneurial action, which changes opportunity. We use the Quantum view as a thought-provoking metaphor that facilitates the breaking out of the mold of ingrained thinking and moves beyond the Discovery-Creation dichotomy to further our understanding of entrepreneurship. We discuss how the Quantum view relates to established theoretical and empirical research in the entrepreneurship field.
Developing a GC-EI-MS/MS method for quantifying warfarin and five hydroxylated metabolites generated by the Fenton reaction
Authors: von Törne Wipert Jannik , Klyk-Seitz Urszula-Anna , Piechotta Christian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSince the 1950s, Warfarin has been used globally as both a prescription drug and a rodenticide. Research has shown that warfarin and other rodenticides are present in the environment and food chain. However, emerging contaminants are subject to degradation by biotic and abiotic processes and advanced oxidation processes. In some cases, detecting the parent compound may not be possible due to the formation of structurally changed species. This approach aims to identify hydroxylated transformation products of warfarin in a laboratory setting, even after the parent compound has undergone degradation. Therefore, the Fenton reaction is utilized to insert hydroxylation into the parent compound, warfarin, by hydroxyl and hydroperoxyl radicals generated by Fe2+/Fe3+ redox reaction with hydrogen peroxide. Using multiple reaction monitoring, a GC–MS/MS method, incorporating isotopically labeled reference compounds, is used to quantify the expected derivatized species. The analytes are derivatized using trimethyl-3-trifluoromethyl phenyl ammonium hydroxide, and the derivatization yield of warfarin is determined by using isotopically labeled reference compounds. The method has a linear working range of 30 to 1800 ng/mL, with detection limits ranging from 18.7 to 67.0 ng/mL. The analytes are enriched using a C18-SPE step, and the recovery for each compound is calculated. The Fenton reaction generates all preselected hydroxylated transformation products of warfarin. The method successfully identifies that 4′-Me-O-WAR forms preferentially under the specified experimental conditions. By further optimizing the SPE clean-up procedures, this GC–MS-based method will be suitable for detecting transformation products in more complex matrices, such as environmental water samples. Overall, this study provides a better understanding of warfarin’s degradation and offers a robust analytical tool for investigating its transformation products.
Enhanced washing of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from contaminated soils by the empowered surfactant properties of de novo O-alkylated humic matter
Authors: Piccolo Alessandro , Drosos Marios , Nuzzo Assunta , Cozzolino Vincenza , Scopa Antonio 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAqueous solutions of humic acid (HA) derivatized by a catalyzed O-alkylation reaction with methyl, pentyl, and benzyl groups at 40, 60, and 80% of total HA acidity were used to wash off polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from two contaminated soils. The enhanced surfactant properties enabled the alkylated HA to remove phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, and pyrene from both soils more extensively than the original unmodified HA, the 60% benzylation generally showing the greatest soil washing efficiency. For both soils, all alkylated HA revealed greater PAH removals than Triton X-100 nonionic surfactant, while the benzylated and methylated HA nearly and fully matched pollutants release by the anionic SDS in the coarse- and fine-textured soils, respectively. A consecutive second washing with 60% benzylated HA removed additional PAHs, in respect to the first washing, from the coarser-textured soil, except for fluoranthene, while removal from the finer-textured soil incremented even more for all PAHs. These findings indicate that the enhanced hydrophobicity obtained by a simple and unexpensive chemical derivatization of a natural humic surfactant can be usefully exploited in the washing of polluted soils, without being toxic to the soil biota and by potentially promoting the subsequent bio-attenuation of organic pollutants.
Factors contributing to teachers’ acceptance intention to gamified EFL tools: a scale development study
Authors: Luo Zhanni 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study is to develop and validate a scale that measures the acceptance intention of secondary school teachers toward gamified English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) tools. Drawing upon the technology acceptance models (TAM) and related frameworks, we synthesized a framework that includes six main factors contributing to teachers’ acceptance intention of gamified learning tools. These factors are perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEoU), perceived risks, facilitating conditions, and control variables. The study involved 361 and 512 secondary school teachers who participated in qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys, respectively. Surprisingly, in the context of implementing gamified tools for the teaching of English-as-a-second-language, the results indicate that only two factors can be retained in the proposed framework (PU and PEoU). However, PU and PEoU in the current research contexts brought new connotations, which is of significance for future studies. Eventually, a five-item scale measuring PU (PU-gamification-EFL) and a six-item scale measuring PEoU (PEoU-gamification-EFL) have been validated. Implications and limitations were discussed, as well as suggestions for future studies.
Electroacupuncture Alleviates Hyperalgesia and Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Pain Memory Model Rats Through Activation of GABAergic Neurons and GABA Receptor in the Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex
Authors: Sun Jing , Zhang Chi , Wang Yifang , Xiao Siqi , Sun Haiju , Bian Zhiyuan , Shen Zui , He Xiaofen , Fang Jianqiao , Shao Xiaomei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRecent studies have confirmed that pain memory is often accompanied by negative emotions. Electroacupuncture (EA) can block the retrieval of painful memories, thereby alleviating the associated negative behaviors. However, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. This study revealed that the effect of EA on pain memory-induced negative behaviors is related to the mediation of GABAergic neuron activity and GABA receptor expression in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC). Previous studies have shown that the rACC is a crucial area for regulating nociceptive behaviors and negative emotions in pain memory models. The GABAergic neurons and receptors in the rACC are largely involved in pain sensation and related effects. However, the relationships among pain memory, GABAergic neurons and receptors in the rACC have not been investigated. In this study, we established a pain memory model via secondary plantar cross-injection of carrageenan and EA treatment. Using chemogenetic methods and behavioral assessments of pain and negative emotion, we found that early excitation of GABAergic neurons in the rACC blocked the recall of pain memories and reduced anxiety-like behaviors in pain memory model rats. Furthermore, pharmacological methods revealed that excitation of GABAA and GABAB receptors in the rACC blocks hyperpathia associated with pain memory and pain-induced anxiety-like behaviors, while inhibition of GABAA and GABAB receptors reverses these effects. These results suggest that EA may alleviate pain and associated anxiety-like behaviors related to pain memories through the activation of GABAergic neurons and excitation of GABAA and GABAB receptors in the rACC.
Update on the management of older patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a perspective from medical oncology
Authors: Guillot Morales Mónica , Visa Laura , Brozos Vázquez Elena , Feliu Batlle Jaime , Khosravi Shahi Parham , Laquente Sáez Berta , de San Vicente Hernández Borja López , Macarulla Teresa , Gironés Sarrió Regina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the context of pancreatic cancer, surgical intervention is typically recommended for localized tumours, whereas chemotherapy is the preferred approach in the advanced and/or metastatic setting. However, pancreatic cancer is closely linked to ageing, with an average diagnosis at 72 years. Paradoxically, despite its increased occurrence among older individuals, this population is often underrepresented in clinical studies, complicating the decision-making process. Age alone should not determine the therapeutic strategy but, given the high comorbidity and mortality of this disease, a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is necessary to define the best treatment, prevent toxicity, and optimize older patient care. In this review, a group of experts from the Oncogeriatrics Section of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica, SEOM), the Spanish Cooperative Group for the Treatment of Digestive Tumours (Grupo Español de Tratamiento de los Tumores Digestivos, TTD), and the Multidisciplinary Spanish Group of Digestive Cancer (Grupo Español Multidisciplinar en Cáncer Digestivo, GEMCAD) have assessed the available scientific evidence and propose a series of recommendations on the management and treatment of the older population with pancreatic cancer.
Conceptualising and Measuring Adolescents’ Hedonic and Eudemonic Wellbeing: Discriminant Validity and Dimensionality Concerns
Authors: Khanna Devi , Black Louise , Panayiotou Margarita , Humphrey Neil , Demkowicz Ola 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThere is a gap between the theoretical assumptions of wellbeing and its associated empirical constructs. Three measurement models (a correlated factors model, a second-order two-factor model, and a bifactor model) were analysed using a large sample of English adolescents (n = 37, 630) to test whether the theoretical separation between hedonic and eudemonic wellbeing is empirically supported, and whether there is the possibility of essential unidimensionality. Evidence of a general factor of wellbeing was found in the bifactor model, challenging the de-facto distinction often made between hedonic and eudemonic wellbeing.
A Systematic Review: Factors Related to Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Minority Parents’ Service Decisions for Their Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Zhang Hui , Chen Chun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractParents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) play a significant role in determining their children’s service choices. Recent studies have identified both explicit and implicit factors that influence their service decisions. However, in these studies, recruitment efforts did not particularly target culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) minority parents. Hence, the purpose of this systematic review was to assess factors related to service choices among CALD minority parents of children with ASD. Guided by the PRISMA protocol, the present study reviewed 31 studies on factors associated with CALD minority parents’ service selection, and 20 factors were identified. This study provides valuable insights into the service choices and obstacles encountered by CALD minority parents who have children diagnosed with ASD. By comprehending these challenges, future researchers might strive toward mitigating discrepancies in the availability of resources and assistance for children with ASD and their families from various backgrounds.
Proximal Femur Megaprostheses in Orthopedic Oncology: Evaluation of a Standardized Post-operative Rehabilitation Protocol
Authors: Andreani Lorenzo , Ipponi Edoardo , Falcinelli Federico , Cordoni Martina , Bechini Elena , Vannucci Lorenzo , D’Arienzo Antonio , Capanna Rodolfo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Reconstructions of the proximal femur after massive resections represent one of the main challenges in orthopedic oncology. Among the possible treatments, megaprostheses represent one of the most used and reliable reconstructive approaches. Although literature about their outcomes has flourished through the last decades, a consensus rehabilitative treatment is still far from being established.

Materials and methods
We evaluated the functional results of all our oncologic cases treated between 2016 and 2022 that could follow our standardized post-operative rehabilitative approach, consisting in progressive hip mobilization and early weight-bearing.

Results
Twenty-two cases were included in our study. On average, their hospitalization lasted 15.1 days. The seated position was achieved on average within 3.7 days after surgery, the standing position reached 5.4 after surgery, while assisted deambulation was started 6.4 days after surgery. After a mean post-operative follow-up of 44.0 months, our patients’ mean MSTS score was 23.2 (10–30). Our data suggested a statistically significant inverse linear correlation between post-operative functionality and patients’ age, resection length, and the start of deambulation.

Conclusions
A correct rehabilitation, focused on early mobilization and progressive weight-bearing, is crucial to maximize patients’ post-operative functional outcomes.
Application and comparison of K-means and PCA based segmentation models for Alzheimer disease detection using MRI
Authors: Olle Olle Daniel Georges , Zoobo Bisse Julien , Abessolo Alo’o Ghislain 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMachine learning algorithms can be used to detect Alzheimer disease with RMI-images. One of the challenges of these algorithms is to clearly extract image features that show small variants of brain cells changes, which reveal the condition of dementia at the intermediate stages of mild cognitive impairment. In this article, we explore the abilities of two approaches to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease with MRI. In the first approach, after noise reduction and correction of alterations was conducted by a non-linear filter size 3*3, a kmeans algorithm is used for segmentation of cells showing white and grey matters of brain images. A Convolutional neural network (CNN) model is trained to indicate variations on these cells and the presence of Alzheimer Disease. The second approach performs image feature reduction using principal component analysis (PCA) to extract white and grey matters, and the cerebrospinal fluid as the three relevant features for Alzheimer diagnosis. A multilayer perceptron algorithm is trained to classify Alzheimer cases. Experiments are conducted on both approaches to compare accuracy and processing time using a real dataset of 602 images from the Alzheimer’s disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) of cognitively normal and Alzheimer’s disease patients. Results show that the accuracy can be enhanced when PCA is used to extract relevant features on RMI images; and with relatively low processing time.
Dosage- and site-dependent retention of black carbon and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in farmland soils via long-term biochar addition
Authors: Zhang Jun , Wang Yinghui , Shi Yameng , Yang Biwei , Zhang Aiping , Du Zhangliu , Zhong Guangcai , Luo Chunling , Zhang Gan , Wang Junjian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBiochar, a soil conditioner containing significant amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), has gained widespread popularity in agricultural practices due to its advantages in improving soil fertility and carbon sequestration. While biochar may increase soil black carbon (BC) and PAH contents, the quantitative accumulation of BC and PAHs in different soil environments under varying biochar addition dosages remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the content and composition of black carbon (evaluated using benzene polycarboxylic acids, BPCAs) and PAHs in soils treated with different biochar addition dosages from two long-term experimental farmlands in Ningxia (5-year) and Shandong (7- and 11-year), China. Results showed that increasing cumulative biochar dosage caused elevated contents of black carbon and PAHs, accompanied by decreases in their retention efficiencies. Contrasting retention was observed between sites, with the Shandong site characterized by higher retention efficiencies of BPCAs and lower retention efficiencies of PAHs, possibly owing to its higher temperature, more sandy soil texture, less irrigation, and lower sunlight intensity. Despite both black carbon and PAHs originating from biochar and sharing similar condensed aromatic structures, there was no significant correlation between the contents of black carbon and PAHs, indicating distinct behaviors and fates of these compounds. These findings emphasize the importance of optimizing biochar addition dosages and considering site-specific environmental factors for effective soil black carbon sequestration through biochar application.
Graphical Abstract
Healthcare provider perspectives on the facilitators, barriers and unexplored opportunities to support the recovery of clients on medications for opioid use disorder in Kenya
Authors: Maina Geoffrey Muriithi , Mousavian Ghazal , Twum-Antwi Barbara , Mwangi Jackline , Kiburi Sarah Kanana 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionOpioid use is associated with significant burden of disease. Medications for opioid use disorder such as methadone are effective treatments. This study aimed to identify the healthcare provider perspectives on facilitators, barriers and unexplored opportunities toward achieving optimal clinical outcomes for clients on methadone treatment.MethodThe study conducted at a methadone treatment clinic in Kenya, used an exploratory study design to explore healthcare provider experiences of providing care to patients on methadone treatment. Interviews lasting an average of 30–40 min were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically using NVivo 12 software.ResultsEleven participants were enrolled and three themes were identified namely: (a)The impact of methadone treatment on clients whereby methadone was perceived to possess transformative attributes enabling clients to regain some semblance of control of their lives including finding gainful employment and relationship restoration; (b) Threats to client recovery which include factors at the individual level such lack of training and factors at the system levels such as inadequate staff, and; (c) Thinking outside the box whereby participants proposed diverse strategies to support clients’ full engagement in care including private–public partnerships to support travel logistics.ConclusionsHealthcare providers caring for clients on methadone treatment exhibited an understanding of the facilitators, barriers and opportunities for improving treatment outcomes for clients on methadone. Finding innovative solutions to mitigate the barriers identified can increase client retention and treatment outcomes.
Three new records of Keratosa sponges (Demospongiae: Porifera) from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
Authors: Pereira Preeti Antonetta , Raghunathan Chelladurai 
Published: February 2024

AbstractKeratose sponges (Keratosa Grant, 1861) of India have not been studied much in detail. The present investigation is part of exploratory sponge taxonomy studies conducted at several localities in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands during 2015–2018. Three keratose sponges distributed among three different families are reported herein for the first time from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Dysidea granulosa Bergquist, 1965 (Dysideidae Gray, 1867); Dictyodendrilla cavernosa (Lendenfeld, 1888) (Dictyodendrillidae Bergquist, 1980), Phyllospongia papyracea (Esper, 1806) (Thorectidae Bergquist, 1978). Among these, D. cavernosa is a new record to India. Taxonomic descriptions of all the three species are provided and their distribution within the Andaman and Nicobar Islands vis-à-vis Indo-Pacific is discussed.