bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sentinel lymph node biopsy is unreliable in predicting melanoma mortality for both younger and older patients
Authors: Dixon Anthony J. , Kyrgidis Athanassios , Steinman Howard K. , Dixon John B. , Sladden Michael , Garbe Claus , Lallas Aimilios , Zachary Christopher B. , Leiter‐Stöppke Ulrike , Smith Harvey , Nirenberg Alexander , Zouboulis Christos C. , Longo Caterina , Argenziano Giuseppe , Apalla Zoe , Popescu Catalin , Tzellos Thrasyvoulos , Anderson Stuart , Nanz Lena , Cleaver Lloyd , Thomas J. Meirion 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundMelanoma disease patterns vary with patient age.AimTo evaluate sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in managing melanoma at differing patient ages.MethodsOnline prediction tools were applied to compare SLNB positivity (SLNB+) and survival risk at patient ages 20–80. Tübingen melanoma data were used to determine variations in the hazard ratio of SLNB+ for mortality at different patient ages.ResultsRegardless of tumour thickness, predicted SLNB+ rates were markedly higher than mortality rates for 20‐year‐old patients. For 80‐year‐old patients, it is the opposite.DiscussionIf 1000 20‐year‐olds with a 0.4 mm thickness non‐ulcerated melanoma underwent SLNB, 100 would likely be positive. If all 100 were to be offered adjuvant drug therapy (ADT), fewer than three more melanoma deaths in those 1000 patients would be avoided. In total, 97 patients would have received medication they may never have needed. If 1000 80‐year‐olds with a 3 mm thickness non‐ulcerated melanoma underwent SLNB, only 40 would likely be positive. In total, 274 patients would be predicted to die of melanoma, 245 being SLNB negative and 29 SLNB+. ADT linked to SLNB+ could deny treatment to 89% of these high‐risk patients.LimitationsThe authors relied on published risk data.ConclusionSLNB has poor specificity at predicting mortality in young melanoma patients and poor sensitivity in older patients. SLNB is not indicated in managing cutaneous melanoma for patients under 40 or over 60 years of age. Many such patients could be managed with wide local excision alone in their clinician's office‐based practice. For all cutaneous melanoma patients at all ages, linking ADT to BAUSSS biomarker, (an algorithm of Breslow thickness, age, ulceration, subtype, sex and Site) rather than SLNB+ is likely more appropriate. BAUSSS provides a more accurate melanoma‐specific mortality risk assessment for patients without burdening them with added surgery, hospitalization, costs or morbidity risk.
A randomized, double‐blinded, vehicle‐controlled clinical trial of topical cryosim‐1, a synthetic TRPM8 agonist, in prurigo nodularis
Authors: Choi Myoung Eun , Lee Jeong Hyeon , Jung Chang Jin , Lee Woo Jin , Won Chong Hyun , Lee Mi Woo , Chang Sung Eun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrurigo nodularis (PN) is an intensively pruritic skin disease that negatively influences quality of life. Cryosim‐1 (Intrinsic IB Spot) is a synthetic, selective transient receptor potential melastatin 8 agonist.AimsTo investigate the efficacy and safety of cryosim‐1 in PN patients.Patients/MethodsA randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled clinical trial including 30 patients was conducted. The numerical rating scale (NRS) of pruritus was evaluated before and 2 h after cryosim‐1 application at every visit.ResultsAt week 8, the mean pruritus NRS before serum application (4.7 ± 0.4 treatment, 6.1 ± 0.5 placebo; p = 0.045) and 2 h after serum application (2.8 ± 0.4 treatment, 4.3 ± 0.5 placebo; p = 0.031) were significantly lower in the treatment group, and the mean NRS for sleep disorder was significantly lower in the treatment group (2.2 ± 0.5 treatment, 4.2 ± 0.8 placebo; p = 0.031). The mean satisfaction scales for pruritus improvement were significantly higher in the treatment group (7.2 ± 0.6) than in the placebo group (4.0 ± 0.9; p = 0.005). There was no difference in TEWL between the two groups, and no adverse reactions were reported.ConclusionsCryosim‐1 is a safe and effective topical treatment for PN patients.
Building an antifragile supply chain: A capability blueprint for resilience and post‐disruption growth
Authors: Nikookar Ethan , Stevenson Mark , Varsei Mohsen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConsiderable research has focused on how supply chains can better handle disruptions. Consequently, concepts such as supply chain robustness and engineering resilience have emerged, with the dominant emphasis being that disruptions are a wholly bad thing to be avoided or resisted. However, recent discourse in the supply chain disruption management literature, such as the social–ecological interpretation of supply chain resilience, suggests that disruptions can be positioned more positively as potential catalysts for growth. Yet little is known about the capabilities required for a supply chain to grow following disruption. The emerging concept of supply chain antifragility focuses specifically on growth, providing an arrowhead for investigating what enables firms to grow following disruption. Utilizing a metaphorical transfer method, this research translates the capabilities of individuals—those who grow psychologically and emotionally after experiencing trauma—into supply chain capabilities that enhance antifragility. Five key capabilities for building antifragility in supply chains are identified: supply chain mindfulness, supply chain transformative learning, supply chain plasticity, supply chain bricolage, and supply chain collaboration. Furthermore, a hierarchy of capabilities is revealed that points to a sequential approach to capitalizing on the potential growth opportunities presented by supply chain disruptions. The findings are sense‐checked through focus groups with practitioners, informing the development of five propositions. This research contributes to theory development on handling supply chain disruptions by providing a capability blueprint for post‐disruption growth that complements the literature on social–ecological supply chain resilience. Finally, this research highlights the value of metaphorical transfer as an innovative approach for understanding contemporary supply chain phenomena and advancing novel theoretical frameworks.
Euro area inflation in the era of COVID‐19: A permanent or a transitory phenomenon?
Authors: Apergis Nicholas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe goal of this paper is to test the mean reversion process of the inflation rate in the Eurozone during the COVID‐19 pandemic crisis. The study uses weekly data on consumer prices (measured through the Harmonized Consumer Price Index), spanning the period from 2020 to the mid of 2022. The findings document that euro area inflation follows a mean non‐reverting process, with most of its components following a similar pattern. Moreover, sub‐period analysis illustrates that the vaccination process against the pandemic gives a transitory character to euro area inflation, which, however, is dominated by the lockdown and the Omicron mutation periods. Finally, comparative analysis illustrated the differences of inflation persistence during the Global Financial Crisis of 2007–2009.
Optimization‐improved thermal–mechanical simulation of welding residual stresses in welded connections
Authors: Wang Le , Qian Xudong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a novel computer‐aided computational framework to determine the optimum shape parameters in a welding heat source model using a coupled supervised Gaussian process regression (GPR) and genetic algorithm (GA) approach in estimating the welding residual stresses. The experimental X‐ray diffraction (XRD) approach validates the optimization‐improved thermal–mechanical simulation method. The validation of the proposed approach includes the welded plates with simple geometry to welded pipe‐to‐plate and the circular hollow section joints with complex topologies. The optimization‐derived shape parameters in a welding heat source model lead to close estimates of the temperature history and the welding residual stresses for these types of welded joints considered in this study.
Salivary microbiota and metabolic phenotype of patients with recurrent aphthous ulcers
Authors: Dong Yunmei , Lou Fangzhi , Yan Li , Luo Shihong , Zhang Yingying , Liu Yang , Lv Shiping , Xu Jingyi , Kang Ning , Luo Zhuoyan , Liu Yiyun , Pu Juncai , Ji Ping , Jin Xin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesRecurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU) is a prevalent oral mucosal disease, affecting around 20% of the global population. It can greatly impair the quality of life for affected individuals. However, the exact etiology of RAU remains unknown.Subjects and Methods16S rRNA sequencing (16S rRNA‐seq) and non‐targeted liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC–MS) were employed to investigate the salivary microbiota and metabolic phenotype between RAU patients (N = 61) and healthy controls (HCs) (N = 105).ResultsFindings from 16S rRNA ‐seq indicated reduced oral microbial diversity in RAU patients compared to HCs, but increased interactions. Clinical variables did not show any significant association with the overall diversity of oral microbiota in RAU patients. However, significant correlations were observed between specific microorganisms and clinical variables. LC–MS results revealed dysregulation of amino acid, lipid, nucleotide, and caffeine metabolism in RAU patients. Furthermore, correlation analysis of 16S rRNA‐seq and LC–MS data revealed a significant association between salivary microbiota and metabolites in RAU patients.ConclusionsOur study revealed notable differences in salivary microbiota and metabolic profiles between RAU patients and HCs, indicating a strong link between oral microbiota dysbiosis, metabolic disturbances, and the onset and progression of RAU.
The Preserved Thickness Ratio of the Femoral Head Contributes to the Collapse Predictor of Osteonecrosis
Authors: Zhang Jiahao , Zhou Chi , Fan Yinuo , Fang Hanjun , Li Weifeng , Wang Xiyi , Chen Zhenqiu , Liu Yuhao 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesThe collapse of femoral head is a serious symptom of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), resulting in hip pain and deformity. However, it is hardly possible to reestablish the femoral head nonoperatively once the collapse happens. Predicting femoral head collapse is of great value for the prognosis of ONFH. This study aimed to develop a new method to quantify the preserved thickness of femoral head and to assess its diagnostic contribution in predicting femoral head collapse on plain radiographs.MethodsThis was a single‐center retrospective study. A total of 101 hips (85 patients) with ARCO stage II from January 2008 to December 2016 were included in this study. The preserved thickness was measured on standard anteroposterior (AP) and frog‐leg (FL) radiographs. The anteroposterior view's preserved thickness ratio (APTR) and the frog‐leg view's preserved thickness ratio (FPTR) were calculated to show the preserved thickness ratio of the femoral head anteriorly and laterally. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine the risk factors for collapse. Sensitivity, specificity, and cut‐off values for APTR and FPTR were determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Kaplan–Meier (K‐M) analysis was applied to determine femoral head survival in ONFH patients.ResultsThe mean age of the 27 females and 58 males was 38.93 years old. The mean follow‐up time was 74.62 (36–124) months in the non‐collapse group and 18.66 (3–82) months in the collapse group. Femoral head collapse was observed in 62 hips during the follow‐up period. Logistic regression analysis and ROC results showed that APTR <24.79% and FPTR <10.62% were significantly correlated with femoral head collapse. The Kaplan–Meier survival curve suggested that the overall survival rate of APTR ≥24.79% was 68.2% at 5 and 10 years and FPTR ≥10.62% was 71.63% at 5 and 10 years. At the last follow‐up, 26 hips had collapse on the anterior side of the femoral head, 12 hips occurred on the lateral side, and 24 hips happened to collapse on both anterior and lateral sides.ConclusionFemoral head collapse predominantly occurred anteriorly rather than laterally in ONFH patients. The measurements of APTR and FPTR have noticeable implications for the prediction of femoral head collapse, and contribute to the selection of treatment options for ONFH patients with types B and C1 according to the JIC classification.
Allelic variation of BBX24 is a dominant determinant controlling red coloration and dwarfism in pear
Authors: Yang Guangyan , Sun Manyi , Brewer Lester , Tang Zikai , Nieuwenhuizen Niels , Cooney Janine , Xu Shaozhuo , Sheng Jiawen , Andre Christelle , Xue Cheng , Rebstock Ria , Yang Bo , Chang Wenjing , Liu Yueyuan , Li Jiaming , Wang Runze , Qin Mengfan , Brendolise Cyril , Allan Andrew C. , Espley Richard V. , Lin‐Wang Kui , Wu Jun 
Published: January 2024

SummaryVariation in anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear fruit provides genetic germplasm resources for breeding, while dwarfing is an important agronomic trait, which is beneficial to reduce the management costs and allow for the implementation of high‐density cultivation. Here, we combined bulked segregant analysis (BSA), quantitative trait loci (QTL), and structural variation (SV) analysis to identify a 14‐bp deletion which caused a frame shift mutation and resulted in the premature translation termination of a B‐box (BBX) family of zinc transcription factor, PyBBX24, and its allelic variation termed PyBBX24ΔN14. PyBBX24ΔN14 overexpression promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear, strawberry, Arabidopsis, tobacco, and tomato, while that of PyBBX24 did not. PyBBX24ΔN14 directly activates the transcription of PyUFGT and PyMYB10 through interaction with PyHY5. Moreover, stable overexpression of PyBBX24ΔN14 exhibits a dwarfing phenotype in Arabidopsis, tobacco, and tomato plants. PyBBX24ΔN14 can activate the expression of PyGA2ox8 via directly binding to its promoter, thereby deactivating bioactive GAs and reducing the plant height. However, the nuclear localization signal (NLS) and Valine‐Proline (VP) motifs in the C‐terminus of PyBBX24 reverse these effects. Interestingly, mutations leading to premature termination of PyBBX24 were also identified in red sports of un‐related European pear varieties. We conclude that mutations in PyBBX24 gene link both an increase in pigmentation and a decrease in plant height.
Low‐symmetry A3B‐type 6H‐1,4‐diazepinoporphyrazines with anti‐Kasha effect as promising photosensitizers
Authors: Tarakanov Pavel A. , Neganova Margarita E. , Mishchenko Denis V. , Bondarenko Sergey D. , Sergeeva Irina A. , Krot Aleksey R. , Goryachev Nikolay S. , Simakov Anton O. , Kukharsky Michail S. , Pukhov Sergey A. , Pushkarev Victor E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA series of tribenzo[g,l,q]‐6H‐1,4‐diazepino[2,3‐b]porphyrazines has been synthesized. A temperature‐dependent steric effect was applied in the mixed Linstead macrocyclization of phthalonitrile and 5,7‐bis(2′‐arylethenyl)‐6‐propyl‐6H‐1,4‐diazepine‐2,3‐dicarbonitrile to achieve high yield of low‐symmetry A3B‐type Mg(II) tribenzo[g,l,q]‐6H‐1,4‐diazepino[2,3‐b]porphyrazinate. The analysis of photophysical and photochemical properties of the obtained complexes showed the anti‐Kasha effect: the ultrafast spin changes successfully compete with the IC. TD‐DFT calculations showed that the presence of 1,4‐diazepine heterocycle in the porphyrazine structure leads to the formation of additional charge‐transfer triplet state T2. We propose, it could participate in the pumping of T1x state alongside with T1y state (these states are degenerate in D4h symmetry) and, therefore, increase singlet oxygen (1Δg) generation. Stable micellar nanoparticles have been obtained based on the tribenzo[g,l,q]‐6H‐1,4‐diazepino[2,3‐b]porphyrazine Mg(II) and Zn(II) complexes using polyvinylpyrrolidone. The nanoparticles effectively interact with model biological structures (FBS and brain homogenate), leading to disaggregation of the macrocycles. They also exhibit pronounced phototoxic effects in MCF‐7 cells upon red light irradiation. We propose that enhancement in PDT activity could be explained by their increased resistance to aggregation due to the presence of n‐propyl substituent directly attached to the C6 position of the 1,4‐diazepine moiety. The demonstrated results show the promising potential of tribenzo‐6H‐1,4‐diazepinoporphyrazines as heavy atom‐free photosensitizers.
Spatial–temporal distribution of preterm birth in China, 1990–2020: A systematic review and modelling analysis
Authors: Hu Wei‐Hua , Gao Xin‐Yuan , Li Xiu‐Xiu , Lin Qing‐Mei , He Li‐Ping , Lai Ying‐Si , Hao Yuan‐Tao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the long‐term trends of preterm birth rates in China and their geographic variation by province.ObjectivesTo estimate the annual spatial–temporal distribution of preterm birth rates in China by province from 1990 to 2020.Data SourcesWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, WANFANG and VIP from January 1990 to September 2023.Study Selection and Data ExtractionStudies that provided data on preterm births in China after 1990 were included. Data were extracted following the Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting.SynthesisWe assessed the quality of each survey using a 9‐point checklist. We estimated the annual preterm birth risk by province using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models considering potential socioeconomic, environmental, and sanitary predictors.ResultsBased on 634 survey data from 343 included studies, we found a gradual increase in the preterm birth risk in most provinces in China since 1990, with an average annual increase of 0.7% nationally. However, the preterm birth rates in Inner Mongolia, Hubei, and Fujian Province showed a decline, while those in Sichuan were quite stable since 1990. In 2020, the estimates of preterm birth rates ranged from 2.9% (95% Bayesian credible interval [BCI] 2.1, 3.8) in Inner Mongolia to 8.5% (95% BCI 6.6, 10.9) in Jiangxi, with the national estimate of 5.9% (95% BCI 4.3, 8.1). Specifically, some provinces were identified as high‐risk provinces for either consistently high preterm birth rates (e.g. Jiangxi) or relatively large increases (e.g. Shanxi) since 1990.ConclusionsThis study provides annual information on the preterm birth risk in China since 1990 and identifies high‐risk provinces to assist in targeted control and intervention for this health issue.
The metabolomics and transcriptomics of Atraphaxis bracteata reveal age‐related molecular alterations under naturally high temperature and drought conditions
Authors: He Cai , Jin Min , Liu Wei , Shan Lishan , Li Yi , Zhang Zhengzhong , Li Qiang , Li Meng , Jin Na , Hu Fang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHigh temperature and drought are common environmental stresses that desert plants must withstand to grow and reproduce. In order to understand the resistance mechanisms of the desert plant Atraphaxis bracteata (A. Los) responding to natural high temperature and drought conditions, we combined physiological characteristics, transcriptome, and metabolome analysis to explore its responses in three different plant ages and CK. The results showed that most physiological indicators of A. bracteata increased with the age, except for SOD activity. There were 4 698, 7 594, and 8 485 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 119, 124, 188 differential expressed metabolites (DAMs) in the 3‐age‐old (T1), 5‐age‐old (T2) and 15‐age‐old (T3) plants compared to the CK, respectively. These DEGs were mainly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, AMPK signalling pathway, flavonoid biosynthesis, circadian rhythm‐plant pathways, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism pathways. At the same time, the enriched DAMs were mainly involved in the aminoacyl‐tRNA biosynthesis pathway, arginine and proline metabolism pathway, flavonoid biosynthesis, and others. In addition, most DEGs involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis and plant hormones closely associated with abiotic stress were down‐regulated, and which numbers increased with age. Moreover, a higher number of DEGs and DAMs accumulated with age, which may be the key factor for the age‐dependent resistance of A. bracteata to abiotic stress. Therefore, these results could provide a way to better understand the stress resistance mechanism and provide a reference for further exploitation and utilization of A. bracteata.
Transcriptional regulation of oil synthesis and fatty acid desaturation in olive fruit under elevated growth temperature
Authors: García‐Inza Georgina Paula , Hernández María Luisa , Miserere Andrea , Sicardo María Dolores , Martínez‐Rivas José Manuel , Rousseaux María Cecilia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAmbient temperature during olive fruit growth modulates oil content and fatty acid composition. However, the mechanisms behind their regulation are not completely understood. In this work, the transcriptional regulation of oil synthesis and fatty acid desaturation were evaluated by manipulating air temperature in the field. Three‐year‐old trees of cultivars ‘Arbequina’ and ‘Coratina’ were placed in open‐top chambers (OTC) where control or elevated air temperatures were applied early in the oil accumulation phase, and fruits were sampled after 10 or 36 days of exposure. Upon elevated temperature, the oil content in ‘Coratina’ mesocarp tissue decreased less than in ‘Arbequina’ compared to their respective controls. However, the oleic acid content of ‘Coratina’ was more sensitive to temperature. The cultivar‐dependent responses were mainly explained by differential gene expression. In ‘Arbequina’, the downregulation of genes involved in triacylglycerol biosynthesis (OeDGAT1‐2, OeDGAT2, OePDAT1‐1, and OePDAT1‐2), upon elevated temperature explains the decrease in oil content, whereas the downregulation of the fatty acid desaturases genes (OeSAD1, OeSAD3, OeFAD2‐1, OeFAD2‐2, and OeFAD2‐5) decreased the oleic/linoleic ratio. In contrast, in ‘Coratina’, OePDAT1‐2 downregulation explains the fluctuation in oil content, but the increased expression of three members of the OeFAD2 gene family was responsible for the oleic/linoleic ratio. This knowledge contributes to developing an integrated strategy for olive production under high temperatures, and the analysis of the expression of key genes could be used as a selection criterion in genetic improvement programs for the adaptation of olive cultivars to global warming.