bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metal-Organodiphosphonate Chemistry: Hydrothermal Syntheses and Structures of Two Novel Copper(II) Coordination Polymers with o-Xylylenediphosphonic Acid and 4,4′-Bipyridine Ligands
Authors: Ay Burak , Takano Rina , Ishida Takayuki 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Two novel copper organodiphosphonates, namely [Cu4(L)2(H2O)4]n (MOF 1) and [Cu4(bpy)(HL)2(OH)2]n•2nH2O (MOF 2), (where H4L = o-xylylenediphosphonic acid and bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine), have been synthesized as a result of changing the pH values (Initial pH: 3.50 for MOF 1 and pH: 6.00 to 3.50 for MOF 2) under hydrothermal conditions. Coordination polymers were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. MOFs 1 and 2 crystalize in the orthorhombic Pna21 and triclinic P$\bar{1}$ space groups, respectively. The organophosphates acted as multidentate bridging ligands in both compounds to link copper ions into a framework. From the analysis of magnetic susceptibility measurements between 1.8 to 300 K, all the Cu valences were confirmed to be 2+, and antiferromagnetic interactions were characterized. The adsorption properties of MOFs 1 and 2 as well as known [Cu3(HL)2]n, [Cu(SO4)(bpy)(H2O)3]n•2nH2O, and [Cu(SO4)(bpy)(H2O)3]n•2nH2O have also been investigated with mono- and divalent dyes including Bromophenol Blue and Orange G as a pollutant removal model.
The Effects of a Short-Term Corporate Social Impact Activity on Employee Turnover: Field Experimental Evidence
Authors: Portocarrero Florencio F. , Burbano Vanessa C. 
Published: October 2023

Short-term corporate social impact activities, wherein employees participate in firm-sponsored prosocial initiatives, are becoming increasingly common. However, it remains unclear whether short-term social impact activities affect employee behavior in a manner of relevance to the firm. Theoretically, arguments could be made in favor of or against the likelihood that such short-term activities would increase firm-benefitting employee behavior. We utilized data from a randomized field experiment implemented at a large Latin American bank to examine whether a short-term social impact activity can be beneficial for firms, focusing on one important outcome: turnover. Newly hired employees were randomly assigned to a short-term social impact activity as part of the new employee onboarding process or not. Notably, we find causal evidence that a day-long, short-term engagement reduced employee turnover almost a year later. We explore potential mechanisms behind this effect and find that employees’ perceptions of organizational justice help to explain the effects of the intervention on turnover. We also explore heterogeneous treatment effects and find more substantial effects for male, rather than female, employees. This paper advances the literature on the implications of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices by shedding light on the causal mechanisms through which a theoretically underexplored and practically relevant type of CSR activity can benefit organizations and their employees. This paper was accepted by Lamar Pierce, organizations. Funding: The authors acknowledge funding from NSF through the Learning the Earth with Artificial intelligence and Physics (LEAP) Science and Technology Center (STC) (Award #2019625). Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01517 .
Engagement of community health workers to improve immunization coverage through addressing inequities and enhancing data quality and use is a feasible and effective approach: An implementation study in Uganda
Authors: Bakkabulindi Pamela , Ampeire Immaculate , Ayebale Lillian , Mubiri Paul , Feletto Marta , Muhumuza Simon 
Published: October 2023

Background
Uganda, like many other developing countries, faces the challenges of unreliable estimates for its immunization target population. Strengthening immunization data quality and its use for improving immunization program performance are critical steps toward improving coverage and equity of immunization programs. The goal of this study was to determine the effectiveness of using community health workers (CHWs) to obtain quality and reliable data that can be used for planning and evidence-based response actions.

Methods
An implementation study in which 5 health facilities were stratified and randomized in two groups to (i) receive a package of interventions including monthly health unit immunization data audit meetings, and defaulter tracking and linkage and (ii) to serve as a control group was conducted between July and September 2020. Immunization coverage of infants in both arms was determined by a review of records three months before and after the study interventions. In addition, key informant and in-depth interviews were conducted among facility-based health workers and CHWs respectively, at the endline to explore the feasibility of the interventions.

Results
Overall, a total of 2,048 children under one year eligible for immunization were registered in Bukabooli sub-county by CHWs as compared to the estimated district population of 1,889 children representing a moderate variance of 8.4%. The study further showed that it is feasible to use CHWs to track and link defaulters to points of immunization services as more than two-thirds (68%) of the children defaulting returned for catch-up immunization services. At the endline, immunization coverage for the Oral Polio Vaccine third dose; Rotavirus vaccine second dose; Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine third dose increased in both the intervention and control health facilities. There was a decrease in coverage for the Measles-Rubella vaccine decreased in the intervention health facilities and a decrease in Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine coverage in the control facilities. Difference in difference analysis demonstrated that the intervention caused a significant 35.1% increase in coverage of Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine (CI 9.00–61.19; p<0.05)). The intervention facilities had a 17.9% increase in DTP3 coverage compared to the control facilities (CI: 1.69–34.1) while for MR, OPV3, and Rota2 antigens, there was no significant effect of the intervention.

Conclusion
The use of CHWs to obtain reliable population estimates is feasible and can be useful in areas with consistently poor immunization coverage to estimate the target population. Facilitating monthly health unit immunization data audit meetings to identify, track, and link defaulters to immunization services is effective in increasing immunization coverage and equity.
Translation and cultural adaptation of drug use stigma and HIV stigma measures among people who use drugs in Tanzania
Authors: Mlunde Linda B. , Hirschhorn Lisa R. , Nyblade Laura , Rothrock Nan E. , Mbugi Erasto V. , Moskowitz Judith T. , Kaaya Sylvia , Hawkins Claudia , Leyna Germana , Mbwambo Jessie K. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction
People who use drugs (PWUD) experience stigma from multiple sources due to their drug use. HIV seroprevalence for PWUD in Tanzania is estimated to range from 18 to 25%. So, many PWUD will also experience HIV stigma. Both HIV and drug use stigma have negative health and social outcomes, it is therefore important to measure their magnitude and impact. However, no contextually and linguistically adapted measures are available to assess either HIV or drug use stigma among PWUD in Tanzania. In response, we translated and culturally adapted HIV and drug use stigma measures among Tanzanian PWUD and described that process in this study.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. We translated and adapted existing validated stigma measures by following a modified version of Wild’s ten steps for translation and adaptation. We also added new items on stigmatizing actions that were not included in the original measures. Following translation and back translation, we conducted 40 cognitive debriefs among 19 PWUD living with and 21 PWUD not living with HIV in Dar es Salaam to assess comprehension of the original and new items. For challenging items, we made adaptations and repeated cognitive debriefs among ten new PWUD participants where half of them were living with HIV.

Results
Most of the original items (42/54, 78%), response options and all items with new 12 stigmatizing actions were understood by participants. Challenges included response options for a few items; translation to Swahili; and differences in participants’ interpretation of Swahili words. We made changes to these items and the final versions were understood by PWUD participants.

Conclusion
Drug use and HIV stigma measures can successfully be translated and culturally adapted among Tanzanian PWUD living with and without HIV. We are currently conducting research to determine the stigma measures’ psychometric properties and we will report the results separately.
A retrospective cohort study of prescribing outcomes in outpatients treated with nirmatrelvir–Ritonavir for COVID-19 in an interdisciplinary community clinic
Authors: Leung Valerie , Gill Suzanne , Llanes Andrea , Khawaja Armughan , Stagg Amanda , McCready Janine , Jacubovich Mariana , Ho Grace , Powis Jeff , Kandel Christopher 
Published: October 2023

Background
Large observational studies have demonstrated the real-world effectiveness of nirmatrelvir–ritonavir in preventing severe COVID-19 in higher risk individuals, but have provided limited information on other aspects of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir use. Our objective was to evaluate prescribing outcomes such as the prevalence of drug-drug interactions (DDI), adverse drug events (ADE) and treatment adherence in an outpatient community clinic setting.

Methods
We conducted a single-centre retrospective cohort study of adult outpatients prescribed nirmatrelvir–ritonavir in our community COVID-19 assessment clinic in Toronto, Ontario between March 3 and September 20, 2022. We performed a descriptive analysis of the patient population, DDIs, DDI interventions, treatment adherence, ADEs and clinical outcomes of patients prescribed nirmatrelvir–ritonavir.

Results
There were 637 individuals prescribed nirmatrelvir–ritonavir during the study period. The median age was 70, the median number of risk factors for severe disease were 2, 45% were immunocompromised and 82% had received 3 or more COVID-19 vaccine doses. 95% (542/572) completed the 5-day course of therapy with 68% (388/572) having complete symptom resolution by 28-day. Eleven percent (60/572) experienced recurrent symptoms following the completion of nirmatrelvir–ritonavir. Over 70% had one or more clinically significant DDIs requiring mitigation and 62% of patients experienced at least one ADE, which was most commonly dysgeusia or gastrointestinal-related. Ninety-five percent (542/572) of patients completed therapy as prescribed. Overall, hospitalization within 28 days was 3.3% with 1.2% attributed to COVID-19 and there were no deaths.

Interpretation
Nirmatrelvir–ritonavir was associated with a high prevalence of clinically significant DDIs, which required mitigation strategies and a high frequency of mild ADEs. Collaborative assessment to address medication alterations resulted in high treatment adherence.
Prevalence and Characteristics of Covert/Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lv Xiu-He , Lu Qing , Deng Kai , Yang Jin-Lin , Yang Li 
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Covert/minimal hepatic encephalopathy (C/MHE) is the mildest form of hepatic encephalopathy (HE), but it is closely related to the quality of life and prognosis of patients with cirrhosis. Currently, the epidemiological data of C/MHE have not been well described.

METHODS:
We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant articles. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis of proportions to estimate the pooled prevalence of C/MHE in patients with cirrhosis. We also examined potential risk factors for C/MHE by comparing characteristics of patients with and without C/MHE.

RESULTS:
Finally, a total of 101 studies were included. The prevalence of C/MHE was 40.9% (95% confidence interval, 38.3%–43.5%) among patients with cirrhosis worldwide. The pooled C/MHE prevalence was 39.9% (95% confidence interval 36.7%–43.1%) based on studies using the psychometric HE score as a diagnostic tool. Meta-regression models showed that geographic region, sample size, mean age, sex ratio, and Child-Pugh classification were influencing factors for the heterogeneity of C/MHE prevalence. The presence of C/MHE was found to be associated with various factors including age, level of education, alcoholic etiology, Child-Pugh classification, MELD score, history of overt HE, presence of other complications, and laboratory tests related to impaired liver function.

DISCUSSION:
This study reports detailed data on the prevalence of C/MHE as well as clinical features associated with C/MHE, suggesting that C/MHE is one of the most common complications of liver cirrhosis.
Metastatic Signet Ring Cell Adenocarcinoma Manifesting as Chronic Leg Pain
Authors: Lee Hwewon E. , Malone Jordan , Abdul-Baki Kian , Salim Hamza , Silva Mauro , Muthukumarana Vidarshi , Merwat Sheharyar K. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Signet ring cell carcinoma, a type of gastrointestinal system-related cancer, rarely metastasizes to the skeletal muscle. We present signet ring-cell carcinoma in a 28-year-old man who presented with left lower extremity pain and swelling. Imaging showed thickening of the distal esophagus, intestines, and bladder wall. Endoscopy revealed friable gastric mucosa and stenosis in the ascending colon, but biopsies were unrevealing. Leg muscle biopsy showed metastatic adenocarcinoma with focal signet ring features. Carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen 19-9 were elevated. A gastrointestinal primary tumor was suspected. Our case urges clinicians to consider this rare cancer in patients presenting with skeletal muscle mass.
Menopausal Transition and the Development of Rheumatoid Arthritis An Overview
Authors: Ramachandran Athira , Sharma Uday Raj , Haripriya Reddibathina Leela , Sulthana Simran , Borah Runashree , Taj Nageena , Mudagal Manjunatha P 
Published: October 2023

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory illness caused by an accumulation of inflammatory infiltration in the synovial membrane, which leads to the progressive deterioration of joint architecture. Women are three times more likely than men to have RA, with more severe functional loss and disability. The purpose of this review is to study the shifts in the hormonal system brought on by menopause and their potential links with RA. Females are more likely to develop RA as a result of hereditary and environmental interactions of sex hormones and their effects on the immune system. Rapid declines in ovarian function and systemic estrogen have been linked to postmenopausal increases in proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β. The majority of the data from the literature review imply that female hormone characteristics that can be influenced by hereditary and environmental variables impact the development of autoimmune illnesses, including RA.
Antimicrobial activity and GCMS Analysis of leaves Extracts of Butea Monosperma Lam Taub
Authors: Ambastha Surabhi , Patnaik Amit , Oraon Vinay , Sharan Latika 
Published: October 2023

Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub is a well-known medicinal plant belonging to the family Fabaceae. More than hundreds of plants have been reported in the Ethno-botanical literature of India for theiranti-microbial activity as well as for treatment of many diseases and Butea monosperma (Lam.)Taub is one of them. The present investigation is focused on the anti-microbial activity of Butea monosperma leaves against both gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) as well as fungi (Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum). Both excerpts (ethanol and methanol) show positive responses against all the selected microorganisms. GC-MS analysis is done to find out important compound which is anti-microbial. A total of 38 compounds are identified in GC-MS analysis. Out of 38 compounds, 8 compounds are identified as antimicrobial in nature such as Dodecane, 2-HEXADECEN-1-OL, 3,7,11,15-TETRAMETHYL-, [R-[, Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, Phytol, Palmidrol, Squalene, Tetracosane, Vitamin E and Lup-20(29)-en-3-one which justify, this plant possess significant anti-microbial property. GC-MS analysis reveals that majorly, this plant leaves also possess 10 antioxidant compounds (Neophytadiene, 2-HEXADECEN-1-OL, 3,7,11,15-TETRAMETHYL-, [R-[, n-Hexadecanoic acid, Phytol, squalene, .alpha.-Tocospiro B, Tetracosane, .gamma.-Tocopherol, Ergost-5-en-3-ol, (3.beta.)- and STIGMASTA-5,22-DIEN-3-OL, (3.BETA.,22E)-,), 9 anti-cancerous compounds (Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, 9,12,15-OCTADECATRIENOIC ACID, METHYL ESTER, squalene, .gamma.-Tocopherol, Vitamin E, Ergost-5-en-3-ol, (3.beta.)-, STIGMASTA- 5,22-DIEN-3-OL, (3.BETA.,22E)-, .gamma.-Sitosterol and Lupeol),8 anti-inflammatory compounds (Neophytadiene,2-HEXADECEN-1-OL, 3,7,11,15-TETRAMETHYL-, [R-[, Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, n-Hexadecanoic acid, 9,12,15-OCTADECATRIENOIC ACID, METHYL ESTER, Phytol, Palmidrol, .alpha.-Tocospiro B and Lupeol), 3 cardioprotective compounds ( Neophytadiene, .alpha.-Tocospiro B and .gamma.-Tocopherol A) and 5 antidiabetic compounds (.alpha.-Tocospiro B, Vitamin E, STIGMASTA-5,22-DIEN-3-OL, (3.BETA.,22E)-, .gamma.-Sitosterol and Lup-20(29)-en-3-one).This investigation suggests that this plant leaf has not only anti-microbial potential but also possesses other important compounds to fight against many deadly diseases. Thus, this plant has immense potential to make an individual place in pharmacological industries, especially as antibiotics.
Effect of post-processing treatment on 3D-printed polylactic acid parts: layer interfaces and mechanical properties
Authors: Mani Satthiyaraju , Kasi Ananthakumar , Guruswamy Rajeshkumar , Nilagiri Balasubramanian Karthik Babu , Pandian Arvinda 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The post-processing treatment of isostatic compression with different temperatures is improved with the interlayer bonding of the polylactic acid (PLA) parts. This bonding enhanced the tensile strength, percentage of strain, and elastic modulus of post-processed PLA samples through the tensile test. Here, the tensile strength is improved by about 127 % compared to untreated PLA due to interlayer bonding and the compressive force with 140 °C. Compression and flexural tests are utilized to examine the post-processed parts’ compression and flexural strength. It significantly improves the compressive and flexural strength of the post-processed parts, increasing to about 55 % and 64.5 % compared with the untreated PLA parts. Additive manufacturing of PLA parts is significantly progressed in the 3D printing of biodegradable and eco-friendly components through a layer-by-layer deposition.
KI-unterstützte Weiterbildungskonzepte für den Mittelstand
Authors: Orth Ronald , Singer-Coudoux Katrin , Peschl Michael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Dieser Beitrag beschreibt mittelstandstaugliche Lösungen für die Realisierung KI-unterstützter Weiterbildungskonzepte, die sowohl strategisch mit den Transformationszielen des Unternehmens in Einklang stehen als auch operativ zu den individuellen Entwicklungspfaden der Beschäftigten passen. Die konkrete Anwendung dieses Ansatzes in der systematischen Gestaltung der Kompetenzentwicklung bei Harms & Wende GmbH & Co. KG bietet wertvolle Einblicke in die Potenziale und Herausforderungen einer KI-gestützten Personalentwicklung in KMU.
KI-Modell zur Simulation von Prozesskräften bei Fräsvorgängen mit Robotern
Authors: Malawka Lukas , Philipp Weiß Jan , Steeb Joshua , Bertram Thomas , Brgy Maximilian , Kotschenreuther Jan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Der Einsatz von Industrierobotern in der Fräsbearbeitung bietet optimale Flexibilität und besondere Vorteile im möglichen Bearbeitungsraum gegenüber herkömmlichen Fräsmaschinen. Die dabei auftretenden Prozesskräfte stellen allerdings aufgrund der deutlich geringer ausgeprägten Steifigkeit ein gravierendes Problem dar. Ein dynamischer und präziser Kräfteabgleich der simulierten zu erwartenden Prozesskräfte kann anhand eines Neuronalen Netzes durchgeführt werden.
DIFICULDADES DE APRENDIZAGEM OU DA ESCOLA?
Authors: Dias Lorena da Silva 
Published: October 2023

Há tempos as dificuldades de aprendizagem vem sendo alvo de inúmeros estudos e debates entre os profissionais que atuam em diferentes áreas. Educadores, psicólogos, médicos, terapeutas e tantos outros, todos empenhados, buscando compreender os processos de construção do conhecimento e com o objetivo de exercer novas práticas que atendam às necessidades das crianças cujos comportamentos são tidos como incompatíveis a uma aprendizagem típica. A obra “Dificuldades da aprendizagem ou da escola?” escrita por Zuleide Blanco Rodrigues em 2021, traz essa discussão pautada em uma pesquisa realizada no ano de 2007 na rede municipal de ensino da região metropolitana de São Paulo. Sua relevância está pautada nas reflexões e análises das problemáticas que envolvem o processo de ensino nas escolas públicas da contemporaneidade, tendo como premissa a perspectiva dos professores sobre os alunos que apresentam dificuldades em aprender, ficam abaixo do rendimento escolar e consequentemente aquém dos padrões estabelecidos.
Substance Use Policy and Practice
Authors: Adger Hoover , Wilson J. Deanna 
Published: October 2023

Substance use remains a common condition for youth from all racial and ethnic groups and all socioeconomic statuses. Although minoritized and other marginalized youth use substances at similar rates as white youth, minoritized youth are more likely to experience severe consequences and less likely to receive evidence-based treatment than their white counterparts. To address disparities related to substance use, pediatric health professionals must integrate substance use/substance use disorder prevention, early intervention, and treatment as part of routine pediatric primary care. To do so, we need to train a diverse workforce to engage in patient-centered conversations that are nonjudgmental and compassionate and that acknowledge the impact of structural determinants of health, including racism, on substance use and treatment outcomes.
Keywords: substance use, addiction, substance use disorders
Why #Representation Matters in Media
Authors: Ameenuddin Nusheen 
Published: October 2023

This chapter examines the power of media and its effects on children and adolescents, both as a reflection and an influencer of society; the importance of representation in both entertainment and news media, on the screen and behind the scenes, especially for children and adolescents of color who have fewer examples of positive media coverage; and how to apply lessons from media literacy with an equity lens to consume, appraise, and advocate for greater diversity and inclusion to improve representation in media to enhance child well-being.
Keywords: media, representation, stereotypes