bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of loneliness with mental health and with social and physical activity among university students in Germany: results of the COVID-19 German student well-being study (C19 GSWS)
Authors: Wenig Vanessa , Heumann Eileen , Stock Christiane , Busse Heide , Negash Sarah , Pischke Claudia R. , Heinrichs Katherina 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionUniversity students are at high risk for loneliness with a potential negative impact on health. The COVID-19 measures disrupted students’ academic routine and social life, which might have affected their perception of loneliness. This study investigated the prevalence of perceived loneliness among university students in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic and its associations with mental health, behavioral outcomes, and sociodemographic characteristics.MethodsCOVID-19 German student well-being study (C19 GSWS) collected data from five German universities from October 27th to November 14th, 2021, resulting in a sample of 7,203 respondents. Associations of loneliness with depressive symptoms, anxiety, social and physical activity, as well as sociodemographic characteristics, were analyzed using multivariable logistic regressions.ResultsA total of 20.6% of students reported loneliness. Students with depressive or anxiety symptoms had more than eight- or sixfold odds, respectively, for reporting loneliness (depressive symptoms: OR = 8.29; 95% CI: 7.21–9.52; anxiety: OR = 6.48; 95% CI: 5.65–7.43) compared with students who did not report any symptoms. Students who were less physically active were more likely to experience loneliness compared with students who were more physically active (no moderate physical activity: OR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.21–1.59; no vigorous physical activity: OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.04–1.36). We found no association between loneliness and social activity. However, loneliness was associated with being single (OR = 2.93; 95% CI: 2.55–3.36), living alone (OR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.13–1.52), or having a temporary residency status in Germany (OR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.65–3.04).ConclusionOur findings highlight the importance of loneliness as a relevant factor associated with health. Further research is needed to determine potential protective factors to tackle loneliness and to investigate how study conditions at higher education institutions may affect students’ perceived loneliness.
Health care of the disadvantaged: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in later life
Authors: Nyman Fredrik 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionChronic diseases have emerged as the foremost causes of death and disability worldwide. This article employs an ethnographic approach to conduct a gerontological investigation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the third leading cause of global mortality, trailing only cardiovascular diseases and cancers.MethodsThis study is rooted in an extensive amalgamation of biomedical literature and official epidemiological data. Additionally, it offers enriched insights through an extensive ethnographic research methodology, encompassing ethnographic fieldwork, participant observation, interviews, and focus groups.ResultsThe findings expound that individuals grappling with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease often undergo intricate cognitive and emotional experiences, necessitating holistic solutions that consider psychological processes, contextual factors, and subjective age. These challenges extend beyond the purview of a purely medical perspective.ConclusionThis article concludes that the lens of gerontology is invaluable in comprehending chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, particularly due to its association with old age and increased longevity. Among older individuals, diagnosing the condition presents a formidable challenge. Breathlessness, a cardinal symptom, often overlaps with normal age-related declines in pulmonary function, rendering COPD’s insidious onset misconstrued as a consequence of aging-related changes.
Trends and hotspots in research on medical images with deep learning: a bibliometric analysis from 2013 to 2023
Authors: Chen Borui , Jin Jing , Liu Haichao , Yang Zhengyu , Zhu Haoming , Wang Yu , Lin Jianping , Wang Shizhong , Chen Shaoqing 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundWith the rapid development of the internet, the improvement of computer capabilities, and the continuous advancement of algorithms, deep learning has developed rapidly in recent years and has been widely applied in many fields. Previous studies have shown that deep learning has an excellent performance in image processing, and deep learning-based medical image processing may help solve the difficulties faced by traditional medical image processing. This technology has attracted the attention of many scholars in the fields of computer science and medicine. This study mainly summarizes the knowledge structure of deep learning-based medical image processing research through bibliometric analysis and explores the research hotspots and possible development trends in this field.MethodsRetrieve the Web of Science Core Collection database using the search terms “deep learning,” “medical image processing,” and their synonyms. Use CiteSpace for visual analysis of authors, institutions, countries, keywords, co-cited references, co-cited authors, and co-cited journals.ResultsThe analysis was conducted on 562 highly cited papers retrieved from the database. The trend chart of the annual publication volume shows an upward trend. Pheng-Ann Heng, Hao Chen, and Klaus Hermann Maier-Hein are among the active authors in this field. Chinese Academy of Sciences has the highest number of publications, while the institution with the highest centrality is Stanford University. The United States has the highest number of publications, followed by China. The most frequent keyword is “Deep Learning,” and the highest centrality keyword is “Algorithm.” The most cited author is Kaiming He, and the author with the highest centrality is Yoshua Bengio.ConclusionThe application of deep learning in medical image processing is becoming increasingly common, and there are many active authors, institutions, and countries in this field. Current research in medical image processing mainly focuses on deep learning, convolutional neural networks, classification, diagnosis, segmentation, image, algorithm, and artificial intelligence. The research focus and trends are gradually shifting toward more complex and systematic directions, and deep learning technology will continue to play an important role.
A national sample of developmentally disabled adolescents with obesity and their utilization of preventive dental care services
Authors: Tran Nini C. , Wells Christine R. , Atchison Kathryn A. , Bhoopathi Vinodh 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundPrevious literature indicates that adolescents with developmental disabilities and obesity may have more oral health complications than healthy adolescents. However, dental care utilization among adolescents with developmental disabilities (DDs) and obesity is unclear. We investigated the differences in the utilization of preventive dental services between this high-risk group of adolescents and those with no DDs or obesity.MethodsParent-reported data of adolescents 10–17 years (n = 68,942) from the 2016 to 2019 National Survey of Children's Health was used. In addition to descriptive and bivariate statistics, we ran three multiple logistic regression models guided by Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services Use, predicting the use of dental cleanings, fluoride treatments, and dental sealants.ResultsAmong adolescents with DDs and obesity, dental cleanings, fluoride treatments, and dental sealant utilization prevalence were 76%, 48%, and 21%, respectively. In comparison, adolescents with no DDs or obesity had a prevalence of 83%, 50%, and 19%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that adolescents with DDs and obesity did not significantly differ in their receipt of dental cleanings (p = .07), fluoride treatments (p = .55), and dental sealants (p = .23) compared to those with neither DDs nor obesity. Adolescents with DDs but no obesity were 22% and 30% more likely to receive fluoride treatments (p &lt; .0001) and dental sealants (p &lt; .0001), respectively.ConclusionsFewer than half of adolescents with DDs and obesity utilized fluoride treatments, and less than one quarter utilized dental sealants but used all three preventive services at the same rate as those with no DDs or obesity.ImplicationsThis study identified no differences in preventive dental care services utilization in adolescents with developmental disabilities (DDs) and obesity compared to those without DDs and obesity. However, the utilization of preventive dental services in this population is influenced by the federal poverty level and family background.
Spatial structure of in situ reflectance in coastal and inland waters: implications for satellite validation
Authors: Jordan Thomas M. , Simis Stefan G. H. , Selmes Nick , Sent Giulia , Ienna Federico , Martinez-Vicente Victor 
Published: November 2023

Validation of satellite-derived aquatic reflectance involves relating meter-scale in situ observations to satellite pixels with typical spatial resolution ∼ 10–100 m within a temporal “match-up window” of an overpass. Due to sub-pixel variation these discrepancies in measurement scale are a source of uncertainty in the validation result. Additionally, validation protocols and statistics do not normally account for spatial autocorrelation when pairing in situ data from moving platforms with satellite pixels. Here, using high-frequency autonomous mobile radiometers deployed on ships, we characterize the spatial structure of in situRrs in inland and coastal waters (Lake Balaton, Western English Channel, Tagus Estuary). Using variogram analysis, we partition Rrs variability into spatial and intrinsic (non-spatial) components. We then demonstrate the capacity of mobile radiometers to spatially sample in situRrs within a temporal window broadly representative of satellite validation and provide spatial statistics to aid satellite validation practice. At a length scale typical of a medium resolution sensor (300 m) between 5% and 35% (median values across spectral bands and deployments) of the variation in in situRrs was due to spatial separation. This result illustrates the extent to which mobile radiometers can reduce validation uncertainty due to spatial discrepancy via sub-pixel sampling. The length scale at which in situRrs became spatially decorrelated ranged from ∼ 100–1,000 m. This information serves as a guideline for selection of spatially independent in situRrs when matching with a satellite image, emphasizing the need for either downsampling or using modified statistics when selecting data to validate high resolution sensors (sub 100 m pixel size).
Mitigating CO2 emissions from cultivated peatlands: Efficiency of straws and wood chips applications in maintaining carbon stock in two contrasting soils
Authors: Bourdon Karolane , Fortin Josée , Dessureault-Rompré Jacynthe , Libbrecht Christophe , Caron Jean 
Published: November 2023

Repeated applications of straw and wood chips were recently proposed as a conservation strategy for preserving cultivated peatland carbon (C) stock. However, the variability in the amendment biostability and the possible divergent responses of contrasting peat soils need to be assessed. This study investigated the effect of amendment with different plant materials on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from two contrasting peat soils (sapric and hemic) in two laboratory experiments. The sapric soil received one application of plant materials and was incubated for 3190 degree-days (145 days at 22°C), while the hemic soil received three successive applications of plant materials and was incubated for three successive periods of 3150 degree-days (126 days at 25°C). CO2 emissions were measured at time intervals ranging from 2 to 14 days and the apparent proportion of the plant material’s C remaining in the soil was modeled using an exponential decay function. CO2 emissions from the 0-25 cm horizon of the unamended peats represented 0.7 t C-CO2 ha-1 yr-1 in the sapric soil and 7.3, 1.1, and 0.5 t C-CO2 ha-1 yr-1 in the hemic soil for the first, second, and third amendment periods, respectively. The apparent remaining C of the plant material varied from 52% to 81% in the two experiments, resulting in biomass requirements ranging from 2 to 32 t ha-1. The apparent remaining C was from 26% to 36% higher in the sapric soil than in the hemic soil. The apparent remaining C was also 9% to 38% higher for the treated softwoods than the untreated materials (straws: miscanthus, switchgrass, sorghum; wood chips: willow, birch). The repeated application of straw and wood chips increased CO2 emissions in the first 35 days following each application, resulting in an increased decomposition rate for the tested model. However, no change was detected for the final apparent remaining C across the three applications. These findings highlight the importance of considering soil properties, material types, and the impact of repeated applications for designing effective amendment programs and accurate C projection models for cultivated peatlands.
Young consumers’ perceptions of and preferences for alternative meats: an empirical study in Japan and China
Authors: Huang Shuo , Uehara Takuro 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionAlternative meats have the potential to shape a sustainable food system. This study examined young consumers’ perceptions of and preferences for plant-based and cultured meats. Since comparative studies on consumer preferences for alternative meats in different key Asian markets remain insufficient, this study was conducted in Japan and China, both of whom have promising alternative meat markets in Asia.MethodsWe conducted a discrete choice experiment and co-occurrence networks among 2006 (n = 887 in Japan and n = 1,119 in China) young consumers. This study adopted a treatment-control design where respondents in the treatment groups received health information on the use of antibiotics in meat production.ResultsRespondents in both countries perceived meat alternatives to be substitutes to conventional meat and associated them with plant-based proteins, processed products, and health benefits. In general, Japanese and Chinese respondents differed in their preferences for burger patties but had similar preferences for other attributes. Respondents in both countries were willing to pay a premium for “antibiotic-free,” “traceable,” and low carbon footprint labeling. This study reveals the heterogeneity of consumer preferences and the complexity of the impact of information interventions on consumer preferences.DiscussionPlant-based meat is already available on the market in both countries, whereas cultured meat is still in the research and development stage. Hence, young consumers were more familiar with plant-based meat than cultured meat. It is worth noting that young Japanese consumers preferred cultured meat to conventional meat. This is attributed to the concerns about food security and food animal welfare. Furthermore, this study found that information intervention can induce and direct respondents’ attention to an aspect of alternative meats that is negatively perceived. Based on the findings, this study has three implications for promoting alternative meat products: marketing messaging, food labeling, and product development.
Gram Points in the Universality of the Dirichlet Series with Periodic Coefficients
Authors: Šiaučiūnas Darius , Tekorė Monika 
Published: November 2023

Let a={am:m∈N} be a periodic multiplicative sequence of complex numbers and L(s;a), s=σ+it a Dirichlet series with coefficients am. In the paper, we obtain a theorem on the approximation of non-vanishing analytic functions defined in the strip 1/2<σ<1 via discrete shifts L(s+ihtk;a), h>0, k∈N, where {tk:k∈N} is the sequence of Gram points. We prove that the set of such shifts approximating a given analytic function is infinite. This result extends and covers that of [Korolev, M.; Laurinčikas, A. A new application of the Gram points. Aequat. Math. 2019, 93, 859–873]. For the proof, a limit theorem on weakly convergent probability measures in the space of analytic functions is applied.
Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 5 (OsCPK5) Overexpression in Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Water Deficit
Authors: da Cruz Thaís Ignez , Rocha Dhiôvanna Corrêia , Lanna Anna Cristina , Dedicova Beata , Vianello Rosana Pereira , Brondani Claudio 
Published: November 2023

Water deficit significantly affects global crop growth and productivity, particularly in water-limited environments, such as upland rice cultivation, reducing grain yield. Plants activate various defense mechanisms during water deficit, involving numerous genes and complex metabolic pathways. Exploring homologous genes that are linked to enhanced drought tolerance through the use of genomic data from model organisms can aid in the functional validation of target species. We evaluated the upland rice OsCPK5 gene, an A. thaliana AtCPK6 homolog, by overexpressing it in the BRSMG Curinga cultivar. Transformants were assessed using a semi-automated phenotyping platform under two irrigation conditions: regular watering, and water deficit applied 79 days after seeding, lasting 14 days, followed by irrigation at 80% field capacity. The physiological data and leaf samples were collected at reproductive stages R3, R6, and R8. The genetically modified (GM) plants consistently exhibited higher OsCPK5 gene expression levels across stages, peaking during grain filling, and displayed reduced stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate and increased water-use efficiency compared to non-GM (NGM) plants under drought. The GM plants also exhibited a higher filled grain percentage under both irrigation conditions. Their drought susceptibility index was 0.9 times lower than that of NGM plants, and they maintained a higher chlorophyll a/b index, indicating sustained photosynthesis. The NGM plants under water deficit exhibited more leaf senescence, while the OsCPK5-overexpressing plants retained their green leaves. Overall, OsCPK5 overexpression induced diverse drought tolerance mechanisms, indicating the potential for future development of more drought-tolerant rice cultivars.
Graduate department of the University in present-day conditions
Authors: Стрелков А.К. , Бирюков В.В. , Шувалов М.В. , Тараканов Д.И. 
Published: November 2023

В целях устойчивого развития выпускающей кафедры высшего учебного заведения отмечена необходимость расширения видов ее деятельности. Выделены наиболее перспективные направления деятельности кафедры в сфере образования, сотрудничества с индустриальными партнерами с целью подготовки специалистов, выполнения научно-исследовательских и проектных работ по заказам промышленных предприятий. Кафедре «Водоснабжение и водоотведение» Академии строительства и архитектуры Самарского государственного технического университета исполнилось 90 лет. Представлена информация о деятельности кафедры за последние 10 лет, направленной на повышение финансовой самостоятельности и развитие кадрового потенциала.
With the view for the sustainable development of the graduating department of the higher educational institution, the need to expand the types of the activities was noted. The most promising areas of the department activities in the field of education, cooperation with industrial partners for the purpose of training specialists, carrying out research and design work against orders of industrial enterprises have been identified. The department of Water Supply and Wastewater Disposal of the Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture of the Samara State Technical University is 90 years. Information is presented on the activities of the department over the past 10 years, aimed at increasing the financial independence and developing human resources.
Estimation of the technical and economic expediency of biological wastewater treatment facilities for oil extraction enterprises using a biocenosis of aerobic thermophilic microorganisms
Authors: Стрелков А.К. , Базарова А.О. 
Published: November 2023

Разработана технологическая схема биологической очистки сточных вод предприятий маслоэкстракционного производства с применением аэробных термофильных микроорганизмов, иммобилизованных на инертной загрузке. На основании полученных в ходе экспериментальных исследований констант уравнений ферментативной кинетики биологической очистки сточных вод адаптирована методика расчета сооружений, а также обоснованы формулы, по которым можно осуществлять расчет времени пребывания в аэрационном сооружении с достижением заданной степени очистки. Технико-экономический анализ показал целесообразность применения предложенного метода биологической очистки в биореакторах с иммобилизованным на блоке биологической загрузки биоценозом аэробных термофильных микроорганизмов. На основании расчета стоимости жизненного цикла доказана экономическая целесообразность разработанной технологии очистки сточных вод маслоэкстракционного производства, себестоимость составила 25,68 руб/м3.
A process flow scheme was developed for the biological treatment of wastewater of oil extraction production enterprises using aerobic thermophilic microorganisms immobilized on inert media. Based on the constants of the equations of enzymatic kinetics of biological wastewater treatment obtained during the experimental studies, a methodology for calculating the facilities was adapted, and formulas were substantiated to calculate the residence time in aeration facilities providing for a set treatment level. A technical and economic analysis showed the feasibility of using the proposed biological treatment method in bioreactors with a biocenosis of aerobic thermophilic microorganisms immobilized on a biological media block. Based on the calculation of the life cycle cost, the economic feasibility of the developed technology for the treatment of wastewater from oil extraction production was proven; the prime cost was 25.68 rubles/m3.
Topographically-selective atomic layer etching of SiO2 using radical fluorination of the surface followed by Ar ion bombardment
Authors: Osonio Airah , Tsutsumi Takayoshi , Mukherjee Bablu , Borude Ranjit , Kobayashi Nobuyoshi , Hori Masaru 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The chemical nature of surface fluorination followed by ion bombardment has been explored to achieve a topographically selective atomic layer etching of silicon dioxide at RT. In this work, a two-step low-pressure sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) remote plasma modification (without any ion bombardment) followed by argon (Ar) ion bombardment is presented. In situ investigations of the surface bonding confirmed the modification during the half-reaction steps and spectroscopic ellipsometry data reveal the thickness change while suggesting an incubation period prior to obtaining a uniform etch per cycle of 0.14 nm with a synergistic 30 s fluorination of the surface followed by a 60 s Ar bombardment. The etch profile of the trenched structured sample displays the isotropic etch for the two-step process, as well as the feasibility of a topo-selective top-and-bottom etch by bias application in the Ar bombardment step.