bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes mimicking endometrial neoplasia in postmenopausal, tamoxifen‐treated women with breast cancer: a transvaginal Doppler study
Authors: Achiron R. , Lipitz S. , Sivan E. , Goldenberg M. , Horovitz A. , Frenkel Y. , Mashiach S. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn menopausal patients with breast cancer who receive tamoxifen therapy, transvaginal sonography may show an abnormal endometrium. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of prolonged tamoxifen therapy on endometrial blood flow in postmenopausal patients with breast cancer, and to correlate blood flow characteristics with the sonographic appearance of the endometrium and its pathology. Transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound examinations were performed on 45 postmenopausal women (age range 54–70 years) with breast cancer, who had been treated with tamoxifen for 1–3 years. Twenty women (Group 1) had a thick, irregular, cystic endometrium of ≥ 5 mm, and 25 (Group 2) showed a thin endometrium of < 5 mm. The blood flow response was assessed by visualization of arterial waveforms in the endometrial and subendometrial regions with a transvaginal color flow imaging system. Resistance indexes (RI) were calculated for analysis and correlated with endometrial appearance and histology. The mean RI in Group 1 was 0.39 ± 0.10 (range 0.32–0.54), while the mean RI in Group 2 was 0.79 ± 0.10 (range 0.54–0.90; p < 0.001). On histology, 12 patients in Group 1 showed atrophic endometria confirmed by hysteroscopy, while in the remaining eight, endometrial polyps were found. In Group 2, all patients had scanty, atrophic endometria. Six of the eight patients with endometrial polyps had an RI of < 0.4 and none had malignant changes. These data suggest that tamoxifen therapy in women with postmenopausal breast cancer induces endometrial, morphological and blood flow changes, mimicking endometrial neoplasia. If low RI (0.4) and an abnormal appearance of the endometrium had been relied on as criteria that indicate malignancy, six of our patients (30%) with thick endometria would have been misdiagnosed as having carcinoma. Copyright © 1995 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Anxiety levels of pregnant women during ultrasound examination: coping styles, amount of feedback and learned resourcefulness
Authors: Zlotogorski Z. , Tadmor O. , Duniec E. , Rabinowitz R. , Diaman Y. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAnxiety levels were measured before and after ultrasound examination in 183 women who underwent the procedure as part of their routine prenatal care. Women were classified according to their preferred mode of information gathering, their amount of available cognitive resources and predetermined feedback conditions. The results indicated significant reductions in state or situational anxiety levels for all subjects while trait anxiety was unaffected. In addition, the results suggested a correspondence between learned resourcefulness and informational coping styles. Women who had higher levels of cognitive resources and actively sought out information showed significantly greater decreases in state anxiety levels. This finding was also true for women who had lower levels of cognitive resources and tended to block out information. The impact of the scan was more profoundly affected by personality repertoires and informational coping styles than by either of the feedback conditions. Copyright © 1995 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Blood flow changes in the intraovarian arteries during the periovulatory period: relationship to the time of day
Authors: Zaidi J. , Collins W. , Campbell S. , Pittrof R. , Tan S. L. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIntraovarian blood flow was assessed by transvaginal color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound prospectively in six women during the periovulatory period. All patients had regular ovulatory menstrual cycles and a mid‐luteal serum progesterone level consistent with spontaneous ovulation in the preceding cycle. Each patient underwent serial transvaginal ultrasound examination and Doppler assessment of blood flow in the ovarian stroma and in the wall of the dominant follicle or corpus luteum. When the mean follicular diameter was > 16 mm or day −2 from the estimated day of ovulation was reached, patients were scanned at 6‐h intervals at 06.00, 12.00, 18.00 and 24.00 until follicular rupture, to investigate the presence of circadian rhythms. The pulsatility index (PI) and the maximum peak systolic blood flow velocity (Vmax) were calculated as Doppler indices of impedance to blood flow and velocity, respectively. A venous blood sample was taken at each visit for subsequent hormonal analysis. There was no significant circadian fluctuation in either mean follicular Vmax or mean follicular PI before or after the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge. Similarly, mean Vmax and mean PI in the non‐dominant ovarian stroma did not show any significant fluctuation over the same periods. The mean PI in the dominant ovarian stroma showed daily fluctuations with the highest values occurring most commonly at 06.00 and the nadir in the afternoon and late evening. This fluctuation was the reverse of the circadian variation previously demonstrated in the uterine artery. However, in contrast to the uterine artery, comparison between the mean PI values in the dominant ovarian stroma at 06.00 and 18.00 only approached significance after the LH surge. The dominant ovarian stromal Vmax tended to rise during the day, although the differences between 06.00 and 18.00 were also not significant. Although there are fluctuations in Doppler blood flow indices in the dominant ovarian stroma, further studies are necessary to demonstrate whether this represents a significant circadian rhythm. Copyright © 1996 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Prenatal diagnosis of bilateral proximal femoral hypoplasia
Authors: Gonçalves L. F. , De Luca G. R. , Vitorello D. A. , Parente L. M. M. , Philippi H. , Saab Neto J. A. , Pereira E. T. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractProximal femoral focal deficiency is a rare skeletal disorder, with an estimated incidence of 0.11 to 0.2/10 000 births. The bilateral form is uncommon, occurring in 10 to 15% of cases. We report a case of bilateral proximal femoral focal deficiency diagnosed by ultrasound at 30 weeks' gestation. Differential diagnosis, prognosis and management are discussed. Copyright © 1996 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Growth of the fetal nose width and nostril distance in normal pregnancies
Authors: Goldstein I. , Tamir A. , Itskovitz‐Eldor J. , Zimmer E. Z. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe study was planned to obtain the dimensions of the fetal nose width and nostril distance during normal pregnancy as a basis for further studies and, for identification of deviations in growth. The study group included 302 healthy pregnant women at 14–40 weeks' gestation. Routine biometric measurements were obtained from all the participants, including biparietal diameter, bead and abdominal circumferences, measurements of the long bones and dimensions of the fetal nose width and nostril distance. The nose width and nostril distance were also calculated for each gestational age. A linear growth relationship was observed between nose width and gestational age (r = 0.88; p < 0.0001; y = 0.27 + 0.57 × gestational age), biparietal diameter (r = 0.92; p < 0.0001; y = 0.41 + 0.23 × biparietal diameter), bead circumference (r = 0.91; p < 0.00001; y = 0.85 + 0.63 × head circumference), femoral length (r = 0.91; p < 0.0001; y = 3.18 + 0.26 × femoral length) and humeral length (r = 0.73; p < 0.0001; y = 1.94 + 0.11 humeral length). A linear growth function was also observed between nostril distance and gestational age (r = 0.54; p < 0.00001; y = 2.77 + 0.15 × gestational age), biparietal diameter (r =: 0.71; p < 0.00001; y = 1.83 + 0.08 × biparietal diameter), head circumference (r = 0.70; p < 0.00001; y = 1.99 + 0.2 × head circumference), femoral length (r = 0.75; p < 0.00001; y = 2.49 + 0.09 × femoral length) and humeral length (r = 0.91; p < 0.00001; y = 1.89 + 0.32 × humeral length). A linear growth relationship was found between nose width and nostril distance (r = 0.71; p < 0.00001; y = 1.81 + 0.31 × nose width). These results provide normative data of the fetal nose width and nostril distance in various dimensions and across gestational age. In addition, the data offer the potential for prenatal diagnosis of nose and nostril abnormalities. Copyright © 1997 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Intraobserver variation in transvaginal Doppler blood flow measurements in benign ovarian tumors
Authors: Tekay A. , Jouppila P. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIntraobserver variation in transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound measurements in ovarian tumors was evaluated in 20 women selected from a group of patients undergoing surgical exploration for an ovarian lesion. Only those cases who were suspected of having a benign ovarian tumor other than a unilocular simple cyst were recruited.Pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), peak systolic velocity (PSV) and time‐averaged maximum velocity (TAMXV) were measured from intratumoral arteries in two repeat ultrasound sessions by the same observer. In each session, only two vessels with optimum Doppler signals were investigated. The repeatability of the measurements was studied by calculation of the within‐subjects standard deviation (SD), the value below which the difference between the repeat measurements will lie with a probability of 0.95, the coefficient of variation (CV) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (intra‐CC).The CV was 15% for thee PI, 13% for the RI, 17% for the PSV and 23% for the TMXV when the average value from two vessels was used. The corresponding intra‐CC values were 0.86, 0.83, 0.96 and 0.90, respectively. In contrast, when a lowest (PI or Rl) or a highest (PSV or TAMXV) value was preferred, the CV increased to 25% for the PI, to 18% for the RI, to 28% for the PSV and to 33% for the TAMXV. Similarly, the intra‐CC values decreased.All in all, the averaged PI and RI measurements in intratumoral arteries were considered to be reliable. Averaged PSV and TAMXV measurements had high CV figures, raising some doubt as to the consistency of these variables. Averaged index values were more consistent than the extreme (lowest or highest) values. Copyright © 1997 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Round ligament varices in pregnancy mimicking inguinal hernia: an ultrasound diagnosis
Authors: Cheng D. , Lam H. , Lam C. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA case of uncomplicated round ligament varices mimicking an irreducible inguinal hernia in the third trimester of pregnancy is presented. The clinical and ultrasound features, pathophysiology and the role of conservative management are discussed. Non‐surgical treatment led to spontaneous regression after delivery. Copyright © 1997 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Unusual fate of vesicoallantoic cyst with non‐visualization of fetal urinary bladder in a case of patent urachus
Authors: Yoo S.‐J. , Lee Y.‐H. , Ryu H. M. , Joo M. S. , Cheon C. K. , Park K. W. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe present the sonographic findings of a fetus with a vesicoallantoic cyst. The cyst was first identified at 17 weeks of gestation; it was associated with an omphalocele, and disappeared spontaneously at 29 weeks. The fetal urinary bladder was not visualized thereafter. An omphalocele and exstrophia of the urachus were found at birth and repaired. Non‐visualization of the fetal urinary bladder suggested rupture of the covering membrane of the omphalocele and allantois during fetal life. A defect in the wall of the omphalocele supported our hypothesis. Copyright © 1997 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Fetal pyelectasis in consecutive pregnancies: a possible genetic predisposition
Authors: Degani S. , Leibovitz Z. , Shapiro I. , Gonen R. , Ohel G. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractMild fetal pyelectasis is a relatively common finding. The objective of this study was to assess its recurrence rate in subsequent pregnancies. The study comprised 420 women with two consecutive normal uncomplicated pregnancies screened at 15–24 weeks' gestation by ultrasound. Pyelectasis was defined as a fetal pelvis of 4 mm or more in its anterior‐posterior dimensions. Of 64 fetuses with pyelectasis, 43 (67%) had a recurrence of this finding in their subsequent pregnancy. Compared with normal fetuses, those with pyelectasis had a relative risk of 6.1 to have a recurrence of this finding in their next pregnancy (95% confidence interval, 4.3–7.5, p < 0.001).These results suggest a predisposition for pyelectasis that may be influenced by genetic and/or environmental factors. More data are needed before an accurate adjustment based on previous results can be made. Copyright © 1997 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Mature teratoma arising from an intra‐abdominal undescended testis presenting as a fetal abdominal mass
Authors: Shih H.‐H. , Teng R.‐J. , Tsou Yau K.‐I. , Lin H.‐H. , Hsieh F.‐J. , Chen C.‐C. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTeratoma of the intra‐abdominal testis is a rare finding in infants. We describe the case of a full‐term newborn treated for a calcified abdominal mass which was observed unexpectedly on prenatal sonography. An undescended right testis was also noted. During laparotomy, a twisted retroperitoneal tumor was found just above the right deep inguinal ring. Histological analysis revealed a mature teratoma of the intra‐abdominal right testis. The tumor was removed and there was no recurrence at follow‐up 1 year later. A teratoma should be considered in cases of fetal abdominal mass, especially when the testes cannot be detected in the scrotum by the 8thg month. Prenatal sonographic diagnosis might be possible. Copyright © 1997 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
First‐trimester screening for fetal aneuploidy: biochemistry and nuchal translucency
Authors: Orlandi F. , Damiani G. , Hallaban T. W. , Krantz D. A. , Macri J. N. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractMaternal dried whole‐blood specimens were collected prospectively from 2010 singleton pregnancies between 9 + 0 and 13 + 4 weeks that included 18 chromosomally abnormal pregnancies (11 Down's syndrome, four trisomy 18, two trisomy 13 and one triploidy). A subset of 744 pregnancies underwent ultrasound nuchal translucency measurement and included seven Down's syndrome, four trisomy 18, two trisomy 13 and one triploidy. Patients were evaluated for risk of Down's syndrome and trisomy 18 based on biochemistry (free β‐human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A), nuchal translucency and the combination of both. In prospective biochemical screening, false‐positive rates for Down's syndrome and trisomy 18 were 5.1% (66/1297) and 1.9% (25/1297) in women < 35 years of age and 14.2% (99/695) and 1.6% (1l/695) in women ≥ 35 years of age, respectively. The detection efficiency of aneuploidy was 6/6 (100%) in women < 35 years and 11/12 (92%) in women ≥ 35 years. Nuchal translucency measurement alone elected 57% (8/14) of cases of aneuploidy at a 5.8% (42/730) false‐positive rate. Modelling with the age distribution of live births, a 5% false‐positive rate resulted in Down's syndrome detection efficiency of 61% by biochemistry, 73% by nuchal translucency and 87% by combining both methods. The data in this study demonstrate that combined biochemical and ultrasound evaluation for Down's syndrome, and other chromosomal abnormalities in the first trimester of pregnancy yield a detection capability that may exceed that of current second‐trimester prenatal screening protocols. The potential for enhanced detection coupled to an earlier alert of fetal complications could represent a substantial advantage to both clinician and patient. Copyright © 1997 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 18 at the 10–14‐week ultrasound scan
Authors: Sherod C. , Sebire N. J. , Soares W. , Snijders R. J. M. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA beneficial consequence of screening for trisomy 21 by a combination of maternal age and fetal nuchal translucency thickness (NT) at 1O–l4 weeks is the early diagnosis of trisomy 18. In a multicenter study of 91 091 singleton pregnancies there were 106 fetuses with trisomy 18 and (83% were identified by NT screening. Trisomy 18 was also associated with early onset intrauterine growth retardation, decreased fetal heart rate and the presence of exomphalos. Copyright © 1997 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Presence of the ‘lemon’ sign in fetuses with spina bifida at the 10–14‐week scan
Authors: Sebire N. J. , Noble P. L. , Thorpe‐Beeston J. G. , Snijders R. J. M. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn three cases of lumbosacral spina bifida diagnosed at 12, 13 and 14 weeks of gestation there was an associated lemon sign, or scalloping of the frontal bones, and in one case the fetal nuchal translucency was increased. In a multi‐center ultrasound screening study at 10–14 weeks there were 61 972 singleton pregnancies including 29 cases of spina bifida, none of which was diagnosed at the routine first‐trimester scan, but 28 of the 29 cases were detected by ultrasonography at 16–22 weeks; in one case the diagnosis was missed at the 20‐week scan and the defect was identified at 32 weeks during a scan for localization of the placenta. The fetal nuchal translucency was above the 95th centile in only one of the cases (3.4%). It is possible that the majority of fetuses with spina bifida have a lemon sign in the first trimester, but the sensitivity of the 10–l4‐week scan in the diagnosis of spina bifida and the prevalence of the lemon sign at this gestation will only be established by further studies incorporating early systematic examination of the head and spine. Copyright © 1997 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Fetal weight gain in a serially scanned high‐risk population
Authors: de Jong C.L.D. , Gardosi J. , Baldwin C. , Francis A. , Dekker G.A. , van Geijn H.P. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractPhysiological as well as pathological variables influence fetal growth. This study was undertaken to assess the influence of physiological variables on fetal weight gain in a high‐risk population with normal outcome. A total of 121 pregnancies had 3–13 (median 8) ultrasound scans in the third trimester. Estimated fetal weight was calculated according to standard formulae. The estimated fetal weight at 30, 34 and 38 weeks and growth per day in the last 2 weeks prior to delivery were calculated and compared between subgroups defined on physiological characteristics, such as maternal height, maternal weight, parity and fetal sex.There were differences in growth curves for each of the physiological parameters studied. Maternal height and weight were significantly related to the estimated fetal weight throughout the third trimester but there were no significant differences in growth per day in the last 2 weeks before birth. In contrast, subgroups defined by parity and fetal sex did not show significant fetal weight differences in the third trimester, but the daily growth rate prior to birth was significantly higher for multiparae and male fetuses.Physiological factors affect fetal weight gain and need to be taken into account when fetal growth is monitored in high‐risk pregnancies. Copyright © 1998 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Outcome and early childhood follow‐up of chromosomally normal fetuses with increased nuchal translucency at 10–14 weeks' gestation
Authors: Van Vugt J. M. G. , Tinnemans B. W. S. , Van Zalen‐Sprock R. M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate pregnancy outcome and early childhood of chromosomally normal fetuses with increased nuchal translucency at 10–14 weeks' gestation. A total of 63 chromosomally normal fetuses with a first‐trimester nuchal translucency thickness of 3 mm or more were evaluated. In ongoing pregnancies, follow‐up scans were performed to detect or exclude additional structural anomalies in the fetus. Follow‐up of the live‐born children was by questionnaires sent to parents or reviews of medical records. In 11 fetuses, additional structural anomalies were diagnosed at follow‐up scans; in this group there were five terminations of pregnancy, two intrauterine deaths, two neonatal deaths and two survivors. In addition, there were two unexplained intrauterine deaths. The remaining 50 pregnancies resulted in live births and the parents were sent questionnaires on the follow‐up of their children. Responses were received on 34 children at 7–75 months of age. Twenty‐nine children are healthy and five showed various minor health problems not related to the presence of increased nuchal translucency. These findings suggest that chromosomally normal fetuses with first‐trimester increased nuchal translucency and normal follow‐up scans have a good prognosis for a normal early childhood. Copyright © 1998 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Ultrasonography of the ureter during laparoscopic, abdominal and radical hysterectomy
Authors: Helin H.‐L. , Kirkinen P. , Purhonen S. , Penttinen J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractObjectiveTo examine, by perioperative ultrasonography, ureteral anatomy and function during laparoscopic, abdominal and radical hysterectomySubjectsThe study group consisted of 36 patients scheduled for laparoscopic, abdominal or radical hysterectomy; there were 12 patients in each group.MethodsThe ureteral rest‐phase diameter, maximal diameter during peristaltic waves and frequency of peristaltic waves were recorded immediately before and after hysterectomy under standard anesthetic conditions with the use of a 7.5‐MHz linear laparoscopic ultrasound probe.ResultsUreteral peristaltic activity was decreased and the rest‐phase diameter was increased after hysterectomy. The findings were most evident after radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy. Retrograde (cranial) flow was recorded in a majority of the patients. The individual variation was great, particularly after radical surgery. Short‐and long‐term clinical outcome was normal in all cases.ConclusionsUncomplicated hysterectomy is followed by changes in ureteral function. Although these changes apparently have no clinical significance, they must be recognized if laparoscopic ultrasonography is applied as a perioperative method to diagnose or exclude surgical ureteral lesions. Copyright © 1998 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology