bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Dual-Attention Mechanism-Based Subway Station Crowded Crowds Counting Method
Authors: Wu Jianfan , Xie Zhengyu , Qin Yong , Jia Limin , Guan Ling 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The subway station is an important place for passenger flow distribution in subway networks, and real-time monitoring of passenger flow within stations helps promote the safe and efficient operation of the entire subway network. However, large-scale crowded passenger flow still exist in subway stations, making it challenging to accurately assess the massive passenger flow inside the stations. In this regard, this paper proposes a crowd counting method based on a deep learning framework with a dual attention mechanism. It aims to tackle the problem of counting large crowds within a subway station. This method provides strong support for ensuring passenger safety in subsequent operations. The key components of our proposed model are the multi-scale attention module and the deformable attention module. The multi-scale attention module can effectively extract multi-scale features of crowds and extract informative features from heavily occluded areas while ensuring that the channel count and resolution of the input feature map remain unchanged. In the Transformer framework, the deformable attention module dynamically assigns attention weights to each feature position, enabling a more suitable crowd counting model for congested conditions in subway station. Three commonly used benchmark datasets for crowd counting were used in a wide range of experiments. The experimental results demonstrate that our model achieves relatively good performance compared to existing popular algorithms. Additionally, existing crowd counting datasets do not adequately capture the variations in multi-scale and crowd occlusion scenarios specific to subway station environments. Therefore, this paper constructed a custom dense crowd dataset for subway station platforms. Our method performs better on this self-built dataset, which focuses on capturing the challenges of multi-scale variations and crowd occlusions in subway station scenarios, as demonstrated by experimental results.
Comparable Efficacy of Oral Bendamustine versus Intravenous Administration in Treating Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Cracchiolo Megan J. , Davis Lisa , Matiatos Andrew P. , Davini Dan W. , Husnain Muhammad , Simpson Richard J. , Voudouris Vasilios , Katsanis Emmanuel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze potential differences in antitumor efficacy and pharmacokinetics between intravenous (IV) bendamustine (BEN) and a novel orally administered bendamustine agent (PO) that is utilizing the beneficial properties of superstaturated solid dispersions formulated in nanoparticles.
Methods: Pharmacokinetics of IV versus PO BEN were determined by analysis of plasma samples collected from NSG mice treated with either IV or PO BEN. Plasma samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) following a liquid-liquid extraction to determine peak BEN concentration (Cmax), area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and the half-life (t1/2) in-vivo. In-vitro cytotoxicity of BEN against human non-Hodgkin’s Burkitt’s Lymphoma (Raji), multiple myeloma (MM.1s), and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (RS4;11) cell lines was determined over time using MTS assays. Luciferase-tagged versions of the aforementioned cell lines were used to determine in-vivo BEN cytotoxicity of IV versus PO BEN at two different doses.
Results: Bendamustine at a high dose in-vitro causes cell death. There was no significant difference in antitumor efficacy between IV and novel PO BEN at a physiologically relevant concentration in all three xenograft models. In-vivo pharmacokinetics showed the oral bioavailability of BEN in mice to be 51.4%.
Conclusions: The novel oral BEN agent tested exhibits good oral bioavailability and systemic exposure for in-vivo antitumor efficacy comparable to IV BEN. An oral BEN formulation offers exciting clinical potential as an additional method of administration for bendamustine and warrants further evaluation in clinical studies.
Influence of mid-infrared irradiation on Amla’s (Phyllanthus emblica) physicochemical properties and acceptability index
Authors: Thangaraju Umakanthan , Ponnusamy Madhu mathi , Umakanthan Umadevi , Selvaraj Sivaramakrishnan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Amla (Phyllanthus emblica) is an edible and medicinal plant used in Culinary, Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, and naturopathic medicine. The objective of the present work was to enhance amla’s inherent characteristics by applying the safe 2–6 µm mid-infrared rays. A water-based 2–6µm mid-infrared radiation generating atomizer (MIRGA) was recently invented by us and used in this research. A sensory panel assessed Amla before and after the application of mid-IR. Also, FTIR, PXRD, TEM, and H1NMR were used to further characterize the irradiated amla. Results revealed that the application of mid-IR favorably altered its sensory attributes and increased its palatability. Additionally, results showed various transformations at the atomic, bond, and compound levels. Therefore it is inferred that the application of mid-IR using an economical, easily applicable, and safe technology has the potential to enhance the amla quality.
A Scrutiny of plasticity management in irrigated wheat systems under CMIP6 Earth system models (case study: Golestan province, Iran)
Authors: Hosseinpour Shayan , Bagherikia Saeed , Soughi Habiballah , Pirdashti Hemmatollah , Mousavi Hesam 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Global wheat production has faced, and will persist in encountering many challenges. Therefore, developing a dynamic cultivation approach generated through modeling is crucial to coping with the challenges in specific districts. The modeling can contribute to achieving global objectives of farmers’ financial independence and food security by enhancing the cropping systems. The current study aims to assess the effects of cultivars and sowing windows intricately on irrigated wheat production using the two models from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), including ACCES-CM2 and HadGEM31-LL under two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP245, and SSP585). A two-year on-farm experiment was conducted for parametrization and validation of the APSIM-Wheat model at two locations. The model reasonably simulated the days to anthesis, maturity, biomass production, and yield within all cultivars. The normalized root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the phenological stages was simulated and measured values were 5% and 2–4%, while the index of agreement (IOA) was in the range of 0.84–0.88 and 0.95–0.97. An acceptable agreement of the simulated biomass (RMSE = 5–7% and 0.91 − 0.78) and yield (RMSE = 6–11% and IOA = 0.70–0.94) was identified in the model. Afterward, the LARS-WG model generated the baseline (2000–2014) based on the weather data at the sites and projected the models for the near (2030–2049) and remote future (2050–2070). The models revealed that not only the average maximum and minimum temperatures will rise by 1.85°C and 1.62°C which will exacerbate the reference evapotranspiration (ET0), but also the precipitation and solar radiation will reach + 58%, and + 0.25 Mj m− 2. Our results clearly showed that precipitation volume over the growing seasons would elevate approximately two times as much as the baseline in the future, while there is a significant decrease in water productivity (WP) and yield from the intensive ET0. Based on the wheat simulation, the short-duration cultivar (Kalate) combined with the postponed planting (16-Dec) was determined as a practical alternative; nonetheless, both WP and yield significantly decreased by 40% and 7%, respectively (p < 0.05). In conclusion, identifying and analyzing future farming conditions (e.g., agro-climate, soil and crop management data) would provide a perception of the forthcoming scenarios. When applied, this knowledge can potentially mitigate the adverse impacts of climate change on global wheat production.
Circulating white blood cell traits and Prolonged Night Shifts: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on Nurses in Guangxi
Authors: Tang zhenkun , Liu Yuanfang , Cheng Yiyi , Liu Yelong , Wang Yanghua , He Qiao , Qin Rongqi , Li Wenrui , Lei Yi , Liu Haizhou 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to elucidate the effects of long day and night shifts on immune cells in a population of nurses.
Methods
This cross-sectional study in December 2019 was based on a group of nurses. 1,568 physically healthy caregivers were included, including 1,540 women and 28 men. 1,093 nurses had long-term shift work (working in a rotating system for > 1 year). The receiver operating characteristic curve, Ensemble Learning, and Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate factors related to long-term shift work.
Results
The night shift group nurses had significantly higher MPV, PLCR, and WBC and significantly lower BASO%, ELR, MCHC, PLR, RDW-CV, and RDW-SD. ROC curves showed that WBC, PLR, ELR, RDW_CV, and BASO% were more related to the night shift. Ensemble Learning, combined with the LASSO model, finally filtered out three indicators of night shifts related to ELR, WBC, and RDW_SD. Finally, logistic regression analysis showed that the nurses' night shift situation greatly influenced two peripheral blood ELR and WBC indicators. Finally, we showed that, unlike WBC, the relative riskiness of ELR showed opposite results among junior nurses and middle-senior nurses (log (OR) 6.5 and − 7.1, respectively).
Conclusion
Our study found that prolonged night shifts were associated with abnormal WBC and ELR, but after strict age matching, WBC remained significantly different. These findings help to confirm that COVID-19 and tumorigenesis (e.g., breast cancer) are significantly associated with circadian rhythm disruption. However, more detailed studies are needed to confirm this.
Long-time high-sucrose intake induced metabolic dysfunction via disrupting the balance of intestinal microenvironment
Authors: Wang Xiaojuan , Li Zhipeng , Zhang Lili , Guan Haiyu , Li Dongyu , Mo Yenan , Wang Dongsheng , Nie Xiaoli , Yao Ye 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Sucrose, a common sweeter, is frequently added to drink and food, and excess intake of sucrose is really harmful to our health. This study aimed to reveal the potential mechanisms of high-sucrose induced metabolic dysfunction. Sixty mice were divided into two groups, respectively, the normal group (Nor group) and high-sucrose group (HS group). 16S rDNA and untargeted metabolomics technologies were used to analyzed the dynamic changes of gut microbiota and metabolites in colon contents of young mice, middle age mice and old mice. Long-time high-sucrose intake induced fat deposition and metabolic disorder, along with a completely different gut microbiota map. The energy metabolism related gene expression of the gut microbiome was downregulated, but potential pathogen gene expression was upregulated by long-time high-sucrose intake. Furthermore, mice in the HS were utilized less amino acids and long chain fatty acids, with effecting tryptophan metabolism by producing less indole, more 5-HT and kynurenine. Also less secondary bile acids, and more TMA/TMAO were produced by gut microbes in HS group. These results demonstrated that long-time high-sucrose intake leads to fat deposition and metabolic disorder via disrupting the balance of intestinal microenvironment.
Feasibility of initiating robotic console surgery during the early stages of gastrointestinal surgery education
Authors: Hikage Makoto , Kosaka Wataru , Kosaka Atsumi , Matsuura Taeko , Horii Shinichiro , Kawamura Keiichiro , Yamada Masato , Hashimoto Munetaka , Ito Yasushi , Kusuda Kazuyuki , Shibuya Shunsuke , Goukon Yuji 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Minimally invasive surgery for gastrointestinal cancers is rapidly advancing; therefore, surgical education must be changed. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of early initiation of robotic surgery education for surgical residents.
Methods
The ability of staff physicians and residents to handle robotic surgical instruments was assessed using the da Vinci® skills simulator (DVSS). The short-term outcomes of 24 patients with colon cancer who underwent robot-assisted colectomy (RAC) by staff physicians and residents between August 2022 and November 2023 were compared.
Results
The performances of four basic exercises were assessed after implementation of the DVSS. Residents required less time to complete these exercises and achieved a higher overall score than staff physicians. There were no significant differences in the short-term outcomes, operative time, blood loss, incidence of postoperative complications, and length of the postoperative hospital stay of the two surgeon groups.
Conclusions
Based on the evaluation involving the DVSS and RAC results, it appears feasible to begin training with robotic consoles early during surgical education.
Optimal alignment of business process models based on log probability distribution
Authors: Fang Xinjian , Li Duoqin , Lu Ke 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Relying only on the cost function to calculate the optimal alignment between the model and the log may cause the alignment results to fail to accurately reflect the deviation between the actual process and the modeled process. In order to solve this problem, an optimal alignment selection strategy combining conformance log probability distribution and the cost function is proposed. Firstly, a log probability automata is constructed based on the conformance event log. Then, all possible execution sequences of the model are obtained and pre-aligned with the non-conformance log based on the cost function. Finally, all asynchronous moving left and right associative event pairs in pre-alignment are determined, and the average confidence value of the direct following dependency relationship of these event pairs is obtained according to the log probability automata. The concept of credibility value is proposed by combining the average confidence value with the pre-aligned cost value, and the alignment with the highest credibility value is considered as the optimal alignment. In the evaluation section, a large number of alignment results are evaluated, and the results show that compared with the existing two alignment methods that only based on cost function, the average alignment accuracy of the proposed method is improved by 5.55% and 10.97% respectively under various noises, and the alignment accuracy is the most stable.
Toward accurate quality assessment of machine-generated infrared video using Fréchet Video Distance
Authors: Lu Huaizheng , Wang Shiwei , Huang Bin , Chen Erkang , Sui Yunfeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Video generation methods have important implications for the fields of visual control and decision-making. Current research often use the Fréchet Video Distance (FVD) as an evaluation metric for machine-generated video. However, FVD has not been thoroughly verified on non-visible light sources, especially the widely used infrared light. Therefore, there is an urgent need to use real infrared video data to test the reliability and generalization ability of FVD. Toward that goal, we first collected mainstream infrared video datasets and added various types of noise to synthesize infrared videos of different quality levels. Experiments based on synthetic dataset demonstrate the feasibility of using FVD to assess the quality of infrared video. Next, we trained the Pix2PixGAN network using a dataset containing aligned visible and infrared image pairs. The trained model can generate videos of different quality levels in the infrared light domain. With the generated infrared videos, our experiments show that FVD is able to distinguish the quality differences of different infrared videos. In particular, we found that the lack of labeled infrared dataset and relatively small dataset size of infrared videos has a negative impact on calculating credible FVD values. This is because extracting effective infrared video features remains a difficult problem. Our experimental results suggest that infrared video features can be extracted using large-scale visible light video pre-trained I3D models, and their calculated FVD values are even better than those directly using infrared video pre-trained I3D models. Our study provides a basis for using FVD to evaluate the quality of machine-generated videos under multispectral conditions.
A Standardized Step-by-step Technique to Protect Lingual Flap During Third Molar Surgery Avoiding Lingual Nerve Injury: a Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Zaccheo Fabrizio , Petroni Giulia , Gori Guido , Cicconetti Andrea 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess a standardized flap technique use in the surgical extraction of the lower third molar, protecting the lingual flap and avoiding lingual nerve injury.
Methods
A 5 years retrospective analysis of surgical third molar surgery made by third-year oral surgery specialty program students was made in the department of oral surgery of Clinica Odontoiatrica, Policlinico Umberto I in Roma, from 2017 to 2022. All surgery were carried out using a standardized step by step technique to protect the lingual flap during the surgery. Every patient underwent a review on the initial postoperative day and subsequently, one week after the surgery, coinciding with the removal of the sutures. During each postoperative visit, thorough examinations were conducted to assess any sensory nerve impairment of the inferior alveolar, lingual, or mylohyoid nerves.
Results
None of the cases reported postsurgical lingual nerve injury; there was zero incidence of lingual nerve paresthesia or dysesthesia. There was no increased risk to the lingual nerve paresthesia or dry socket, which were identified.
Conclusions
This flap proved to be a standardized and reproducible approach for the surgical removal of lower third molars without raising the risk of lingual nerve sensory impairment, regardless of the operator’s experience.
Two-phase Flow Condensation Inside Smooth Channels of Various Sizes: Universal Smart Models to Estimate the Frictional Pressure Drop
Authors: Moradkhani M. A. , Hosseini S. H. , Song Mengjie , Abbaszadeh Alireza 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Reliable and comprehensive predictive tools for the frictional pressure drop (FPD) are of particular importance for systems involving two-phase flow condensation. However, the available models are only applicable to specific operating conditions and channel sizes. Thus, this study aims at developing universal models to estimate the FPD during condensation inside smooth mini/micro and conventional (macro) channels. An extensive databank, comprising 8037 experimental samples and 23 working fluids from 50 reliable sources, was prepared to achieve this target. A comprehensive investigation on the literature models reflected the fact that all of them are associated with high deviations, and their average absolute relative errors (AAREs) exceed 26%. Hence, after identifying the most effective input variables through the Spearman's correlation analysis, three soft-computing paradigms, i.e., multilayer perceptron (MLP), gaussian process regression (GPR) and radial basis function (RBF) were employed to establish intelligent and dimensionless models for the FPD based on the Chisholm's theory. Among them, the most accurate results were presented by the GPR approach with AARE and \({R}^{2}\) values of 4.10%, 99.23% respectively, in the testing step. The truthfulness and applicability of the models were explored through an array of statistical and visual analyses, and the results affirmed the obvious superiority of the newly proposed approaches over the literature correlations. Furthermore, the novel predictive tools excellently described the physical variations of the condensation FPD versus the operating parameters. Ultimately, the order of importance of factors in controlling the condensation FPD was clarified by a sensitivity analysis.
Study by Vector Projection of a Construction Made with a Rule and Compass to Understand Squaring the Circle
Authors: Diaz José Rodrigo Alejandro Martinez 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The conditions of the problem establish the definition of a right triangle whose angle subtends the opposite cathetus with a value equal to alpha = arctan (1/ sqrt{pi}). Starting from this main condition, a series of steps are proposed to compare the precision between two idealized methods that describe the construction of a circle and a square linked to the triangle mentioned above. The first approximation is made taking into account "valid" compass and ruler constructions to obtain such geometric figures. The second construction is based on the lengths obtained by intersecting the previously mentioned geometric figures by performing the vector analysis. In both cases, the areas of the circle and square obtained are compared to find out if they are equal.
Does adherence to physiotherapy depend on the typologies of patients with non-specific low back pain and their physiotherapists? A typology study
Authors: Alt A , Luomajoki Hannu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Patient adherence to physiotherapy is influenced by a multitude of factors including the personalities and attitudes of patients and physiotherapists. Personalities and attitudes can be assigned to various typologies. This study aims to identify different typologies of patients with back pain and their physiotherapists and attempts to explain how patient and physiotherapist typologies may influence patient adherence.
Method
This study was based on a secondary data analysis from focus group interviews to identify barriers and facilitators for adherence. Transcribed interview data were used for a structured content analysis based on categorization and coding. The Big-five Personality Traits were applied to build deductive categories about the physiotherapists and the patients. These were defined according to the locus of control, activity level, and adherence quality to physiotherapy. Transcribed interview data were coded and allocated to categories using structured content analysis.
Results
Ten patients with low back pain (6 women; mean age = 37.5 years) and 11 physiotherapists (5 women; mean age = 33 years) were recruited from different physiotherapy centers in Switzerland and Germany. Four types of patients and three of the physiotherapist types were identified based on responses to interview questions. The four types of patients are based on conscientiousness, high level of activity, internal locus of control, high level of adherence (= type 1); conscientiousness and neuroticism, high level of activity, internal locus of control, low level of adherence (= type 2); extraversion, low level of activity, external locus of control, high level of adherence (= type 3); agreeableness, combination of active and passive behavior, combination of internal and external locus of control, high level of adherence (= type 4). The three types of physiotherapists are based on conscientiousness, high adherence influence, use of guidelines (= type 1); agreeableness, acceptance of requests, low adherence influence (= type 2); neuroticism, high adherence influence, preference for active therapy (= type 3).
Conclusion
Awareness of the congruence of expectations, behavior, and treatment approaches may facilitate adherence and subsequently treatment effectiveness. Further research should aim to validate the association of typologies and adherence.