bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
894. One-year mortality and morbidities of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome compared with other diseases: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea
Authors: Heo Namwoo , Heo Seok-Jae , Park Yoon Soo , Yi Seonju , Kim Yong Chan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne disease with high mortality. However, most studies have focused on the short-term mortality of patients with SFTS, and little is known about long-term outcomes in patients with SFTS.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Service dataset on hospitalized patients with SFTS aged ≥20 years between 2016 and 2021 (n=1,217). Each SFTS case was matched with three controls hospitalized for non-SFTS-related diseases using propensity score matching. All-cause mortality was evaluated in patients with SFTS during 1-year follow-up and compared with controls. Post-discharge events were investigated to determine the effects of SFTS on post-acute sequelae.

Results
Finally, 1,105 patients with SFTS and 3,315 controls were included. Patients with SFTS had a higher risk of death during the 1-year follow-up than controls (hazard ratio [HR], 2.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.82–2.81). Mortality in the first 30 days was significantly higher in the SFTS group (HR, 3.99; 95% CI, 3.07–5.19) than in the control group. An increased risk of death after 31–365 days was observed in the control group; however, statistical significance was identified only in patients in their 80s (HR, 0.18; 95% CI 0.06–0.57). For the post-discharge events, the SFTS group showed a higher risk of readmission (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.04–1.32) and emergency room visit (HR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.96–2.76) than the control group.

Conclusion
SFTS is associated with a higher risk of short-term mortality and post-acute sequelae in hospitalized patients during 1-year follow-up than non-SFTS-related diseases. Our results provide evidence for the management of patients with SFTS.

Disclosures
All Authors: No reported disclosures
916. The Transfer of Maternal Antibodies and Dynamics of Maternal and Natural Infection-induced Antibodies against RSV in Children: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Qianli , Xu Meng , Wang Yan , Yu Hongjie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infectious disease in children globally. Transplacental-acquired antibodies are essential in protecting infants during the initial months of their life. This study assessed the efficacy of transferring maternal RSV prefusion protein (pre-F) IgG antibodies via the placenta and reported the dynamics of maternal and natural infection-induced antibodies in children.

Methods
A longitudinal mother-neonate pairs cohort was started enrolled in southern China in the autumn of 2013. 660 mother-neonate pairs were included in this study. Both cord blood from neonates and venous blood from mothers at delivery were obtained. The children were followed up and blood samples were collected at ages 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months, as well as at 6-8 years (Figure 1). RSV-specific pre-F IgG antibodies were identified by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The maternal antibody transfer efficacy, decay of maternal antibodies, age-specific antibody level, and seroprevalence were estimated.

Results
All neonates acquired RSV pre-F IgG antibodies from their mothers. We found a significant correlation between maternal and neonatal antibody titers (ρ=0.86, P&lt; 0.001). The average RSV pre-F IgG antibody titers were higher in cord blood than in maternal blood, with a mean transfer ratio of maternal antibodies of 1.48 (95%CI: 1.44-1.52) (Figure 2). Maternal antibody levels in neonates declined rapidly, with a half-life of 1.4 months. The lowest point of antibodies occurred at 11 months of age, followed by titer increases due to natural RSV infection, and approximately 50% of the children seroconverted at the age of 41.5 months.Figure 2(A) Correlation between neonatal and maternal antibody titer. (B) Transfer ratio with maternal antibody titers. The top orange density plots maternal antibody titers, and the right plots neonatal antibody titers.

Conclusion
Efficient transfer of RSV maternal antibodies to neonates was observed. As maternal antibodies wane, the seropositive infants gradually reduce to the lowest in the first year of life. After that, the infant’s immune system develops and naturally acquired immunity due to infection. Our findings will optimize future strategies for both vaccine and long-term prophylactic monoclonal antibodies to target RSV pre-F protein.

Disclosures
Hongjie Yu, PhD, GlaxoSmithKline: Grant/Research Support|Roche: Grant/Research Support|Sanofi: Grant/Research Support|SINOVAC: Grant/Research Support
929. The different characteristics in renal impairment between severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in South Korea
Authors: Ra Sang Hyun , Kwon Hyeonwoo , Kim Geonui , Bae Seongman , Chang Eui Jin , Jung Jiwon , Kim Min Jae , Chong Yong Pil , Lee Sang-Oh , Choi Sang-Ho , Kim Yang Soo , Kim Sung-Han 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne disease with high fatality rate, caused by SFTS virus (officially renamed as Dabie bandavirus). Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is caused by various serotypes under the genus Orthohantavirus and transmitted by aerosolized excreta from rodents. Both have similar clinical manifestations characterized by high-grade fever, thrombocytopenia, hemorrhagic tendencies, and often lead to multiorgan dysfunction including kidneys. However, there are limited data on difference in renal impairment between SFTS and HFRS. We thus investigated the differential characteristics in renal manifestations between SFTS and HFRS in South Korea.

Methods
All adult patients aged ≥ 18 years who were admitted to Asan Medical Center, a 2700-bed tertiary hospital in Seoul, South Korea between August 2005 and September 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. SFTS and HFRS were diagnosed by PCR and serologic confirmation, respectively. Patients with a history of previous urologic or chronic kidney diseases were excluded.

Results
A total of 45 SFTS and 33 HFRS patients were enrolled. Proteinuria and hematuria at admission were observed in 25 (56%) and 19 (42%) for SFTS, and 29 (88%) and 27 (82%) for HFRS, respectively. The 12 (27%) SFTS patients and 26 (78%) HFRS patients initially showed acute kidney injury (AKI). The degree of the hematuria at admission and the presence of AKI were significantly associated with the severity of clinical course in patients with SFTS, not in HFRS (Table 1).Abbreviation. AKI, acute kidney injury; HFRS, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome; ICU, intensive care unit; N/A, not assessed; RRT, renal replacement therapy; SFTS, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. Data represent number of patients (%) unless otherwise specified.

Conclusion
Proteinuria and/or hematuria commonly occurred both in SFTS and HFRS. The presence of hematuria or AKI was associated with worse clinical course in SFTS, but not in HFRS. Thus, in the areas endemic to both diseases, repeated monitoring of kidney function test with urinalysis is required until these two diseases are differentiated.

Disclosures
All Authors: No reported disclosures
1147. A study of high-dose influenza vaccination responses compared to standard-dose in lupus patients: an open- labeled, randomized controlled study
Authors: Yingyounyong Sasicha , Ngamjanyaporn Pintip , Pisitkun Prapaporn , Boonnak Kobporn , Suangtamai Thanitta , Thongpradit Supranee , Rotjanapan Porpon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Annual influenza vaccination at standard dosing in the general population is suggested. However, there may be more suitable for lupus patients.

Objectives
To assess the immune responses among lupus patients receiving high dose (HD) and standard (SD) quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine, evaluate the adverse events of the HD, and monitor the incidence of influenza infection.

Methods
A randomized parallel design, controlled trial was conducted from March 2021 to May 2022 at Ramathibodi Hospital. All lupus patients were stratified into two groups depending on the depth of immunosuppressive therapy received and randomized to receive either HD or SD in a 1:1 ratio. Patient demographics data and relevant information were retrieved. Blood samples were obtained for hemagglutination inhibition assay (HAI) before vaccination and 4-12 weeks after completion of the vaccination series to determine seroprotection and seroconversion rates.

Results
One hundred twenty-eight lupus patients were enrolled, and 109 individuals completed the HAI analysis. 54/109 patients were in the high- (HI) with mean age (mean ± SD) of 34.3 (25.2-43.4) years, and 55/109 were in the low-immunosuppressive (LI) groups with mean age (mean ± SD) of 38.2 (30.2-46.2) (p=0.018). The majority of patients had a SLEDAI-2K score of 4. The seroprotection rates against H1N1, H3N2/Hongkong, H3N2/Cambodia, B/Victoria, and B/Yamagata strains in HI and LI groups at baseline after the first and second injections were outlined as follows 1.) HI; 74.1%, 82.1%, 76.9%, 75.9%, 79.6%; 85.2%, 89.3%, 88.5%, 85.2%, 88.9%; 89.5%, 89.3%, 88.5%, 93.9%, 88.9%, and 2.) LI; 76.4%, 84.6%, 93.1%, 74.5%, 89.1%; 92.7%, 100%, 100%, 94.5%, 96.4%; 92.7%, 100%, 100%, 94.5%, 94.5%. There was one documented influenza infection during the 9-month follow-up period. The patient was in the LI group and received the SD vaccine. 19/109 (17.4%) patients had grade 1 adverse events with no difference between SD and HD.

Conclusion
Lupus patients’ immune response, especially those taking HI, may not be similar to healthy individuals. A higher dosage of influenza vaccination may provide a better seroprotection rate. However, real-world clinical effectiveness is yet to demonstrate, and further studies are required.

Disclosures
All Authors: No reported disclosures
1155. Coadministration of Intranasal M2SR (M2-deficient Single Replication) Investigational Influenza Vaccine with Fluzone High Dose Induces Superior Immune Responses to Fluzone High Dose Alone in 65-85 Year Old Adults
Authors: Eiden Joseph , Fierro Carlos , White Alexander , Davis Matthew , Rhee Margaret , Turner Mark , Murray Bryan , Herber Renee , Aitchison Roger , Marshall David , Moser Michael , Bilsel Pamuk 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Adults over age 65 years exhibit increased susceptibility to influenza viruses, accounting for 70-85% of annual influenza-related US fatalities. Licensed vaccines mainly induce serum humoral immunity and remain the primary method of influenza prevention, but vaccine effectiveness (VE) remains particularly low in older individuals (Fig 1). Stimulation of mucosal antibodies and T cells, immune effectors also associated with protection against influenza, are anticipated to enhance VE.

Methods
A randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled Phase 1b study (NCT05163847) was conducted at 6 US study sites with the investigational intranasal M2SR (M2 deficient Single Replication) and Fluzone High Dose (HD) vaccine that contained HA & NA from A/Cambodia/e0826360/2020 (Cam2020). Adults aged 65-85 years (n = 305) received either one administration of Cam2020 M2SR alone, Cam2020 M2SR along with HD, HD alone, or placebo (Table 1). Demographics were comparable across cohorts (Table 2).

Results
Study vaccination was well-tolerated. Intranasal M2SR generated significantly increased serum HAI and NAI antibodies compared with placebo (Fig 2). Moreover, M2SR coadministered with HD induced HAI and NAI antibodies in significantly higher proportion of subjects than HD alone (Fig 2). M2SR alone and M2SR coadministered with HD elicited significant mucosal secretory IgA (sIgA) antibodies against vaccine antigen, Cam2020, and drifted H3N2 Darwin2021 strain (Fig 3). Similarly, T cells positive for IFNg and GrzB secretion were significantly induced by M2SR only or by M2SR coadministered with HD (Fig 4). HD alone did not induce mucosal antibodies or T cell responses (Figs 3 & 4).

Conclusion
Coadministration of intranasal M2SR with intramuscular Fluzone HD resulted in a multi-faceted immune response in older adults aged 65-85 years old with a higher proportion of responders across all immune measurements compared with either vaccine alone. Coadministration of the two vaccines resulted in significant rises in serum HAI and NAI titers compared to HD alone (Fig 5). These broad immune responses support the potential for the safe coadministration of M2SR with HD to enhance protection against influenza infection in this highly vulnerable age group.

Disclosures
Joseph Eiden, MD, PhD, FluGen, Inc.: Advisor/Consultant Bryan Murray, M.D., FluGen, Inc.: Advisor/Consultant Renee Herber, B.S., FluGen, Inc.: Salary Roger Aitchison, ScM, FluGen, Inc.: Advisor/Consultant David Marshall, B.S., FluGen, Inc.: salary Michael Moser, Ph.D., FluGen, Inc.: salary Pamuk Bilsel, Ph.D., FluGen, Inc.: salary
Greening the G7 economies
Authors: Barbier Edward B 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDespite some progress, the Group of 7 (G7) have yet to act collectively to foster a low-carbon transition of their economies. This paper outlines such a strategy, which would also encourage other economies to follow suit. This strategy has three elements: fossil fuel pricing reforms; recycling revenues to fund green innovation and to offset any adverse income or employment impacts; and developing the proposed G7 Climate Club to promote compliance by other countries. This must be accompanied by comprehensive assistance to emerging market and developing economies to help accelerate their clean energy transition, facilitate their participation in the Climate Club, and attain climate, poverty and development goals.
Inter-Organellar Effects of Defective ER-Localized Linolenic Acid Formation on Thylakoid Lipid Composition, Non-Photochemical Quenching of Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Xanthophyll Cycle Activity in the Arabidopsis fad3 Mutant
Authors: Matzner Monique , Launhardt Larissa , Barth Olaf , Humbeck Klaus , Goss Reimund , Heilmann Ingo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) is the main lipid constituent of thylakoids and a structural component of photosystems and photosynthesis-related proteo-lipid complexes in green tissues. Previously reported changes in MGDG abundance upon stress treatments are hypothesized to reflect mobilization of MGDG-based polyunsaturated lipid intermediates to maintain extraplastidial membrane integrity. While exchange of lipid intermediates between compartmental membranes is well documented, physiological consequences of mobilizing an essential thylakoid lipid, such as MGDG, for an alternative purpose are not well understood. Arabidopsis seedlings exposed to mild (50 mM) salt treatment displayed significantly increased abundance of both MGDG and the extraplastidial lipid, phosphatidylcholine (PC). Interestingly, similar increases in MGDG and PC were observed in Arabidopsis fad3 mutant seedlings defective in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–localized linolenic acid formation, in which compensatory plastid-to-ER-directed mobilization of linolenic acid–containing intermediates takes place. The postulated (salt) or evident (fad3) plastid–ER exchange of intermediates concurred with altered thylakoid function according to parameters of photosynthetic performance. While salt treatment of wild-type seedlings inhibited photosynthetic parameters in a dose-dependent manner, interestingly, untreated fad3 mutants did not show overall reduced photosynthetic quantum yield. By contrast, we observed a reduction specifically of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) under high light, representing only part of observed salt effects. The decreased NPQ in the fad3 mutant was accompanied by reduced activity of the xanthophyll cycle, leading to a reduced concentration of the NPQ-effective pigment zeaxanthin. The findings suggest that altered ER-located fatty acid unsaturation and ensuing inter-organellar compensation impacts on the function of specific thylakoid enzymes, rather than globally affecting thylakoid function.
Reply to Juliana Gómez-Quintero, Spencer Chainey, and Hervé Borrion, ‘A Method for Organized Crime Harm Assessment: Connecting Associated Crimes’
Authors: Greenfield Victoria A , Paoli Letizia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this article we reply to the article “A Method for Organized Crime Harm Assessment: Connecting Associated Crimes”, which Juliana Gómez-Quintero, Spencer Chainey, and Hervé Borrion published in Policing. Our criticisms are twofold: (1) it mischaracterizes our method, the “Harm Assessment Framework,” which we first presented in 2013 in complementary articles and, consequently, it delivers unwarranted criticisms of our framework; (2) it, relatedly, does not fully recognize the many ways in which the authors’ proposed ‘Organized Crime Harm Assessment’ (OCHA) draws from our framework and, by extension, it overstates the OCHA’s novelty. In addition, we react to a further, more plausible criticism of our method and discuss some apparent weaknesses of the proposed OCHA. Finally, we re-emphasize our conviction that assessing the consequences of criminal policies—especially on organized crime—is a crucial undertaking that has the potential to improve the effectiveness, justification, and legitimacy of the policies.
Characterization of digital annular pulleys and their entheses: an ultrasonographic study with anatomical and histological correlations
Authors: Coronel Luis , Mandl Peter , Miguel-Pérez Maribel , Blasi Joan , D’Agostino Maria Antonietta , Martinoli Carlo , Bong David A , Möller Ingrid 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Digital annular pulleys (DAPs) are important anatomical structures for finger function. The anatomy, histology and imaging assessment of DAPs, particularly at the level of their entheses, are still not clearly defined. The advent of high-frequency US transducers opened new perspectives in evaluating submillimetre-scale structures, such as pulleys, paving the way for their global assessment. The study aimed to characterize DAPs from an anatomical, histological and US perspective, focusing on the detection and complete description of pulley entheses.

Methods
US assessment and gross anatomy dissection were conducted on 20 cadaveric hands to study DAP thickness and structure, including enthesis identification. The results of the US and anatomical measurements were correlated. DAP entheses identified by US were characterized via histological analysis. DAPs in 20 healthy controls (HCs) were detected and measured by US. The A1, A2 and A4 DAP entheses were assessed using a new dynamic manoeuvre to better evaluate those structures.

Results
A total of 1200 DAPs (400 cadaveric, 800 HCs) were analysed. The cadaveric study demonstrated strong correlation between anatomical and US measurement of DAPs (r = 0.96). At the histological level, DAP entheses at the volar plate, sesamoid bones or phalangeal ridges contained fibrous and fibrocartilaginous tissue. US assessment of A1, A2 and A4 DAPs in HCs allowed the identification of 718/720 (99.73%) entheses.

Conclusion
US is an effective tool to detect and study DAPs. DAP entheses reveal both fibrous and fibrocartilaginous characteristics. A newly described manoeuvre to optimize DAP enthesis visualization enhances their detection by US.
Having Social Media among Integrated Plastic Surgery Applicants: Is It Needed to Match?
Authors: Yang Alan Z. , Bustos Valeria P. , Manstein Samuel M. , Comer Carly D. , Foster Lacey , Sarac Benjamin A. , Janis Jeffrey E. , Lin Samuel J. 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Little information exists on the perceptions of integrated plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS) residency applicants on the need for having social media (SoMe) during the application process.

Methods:
A cross-sectional survey study was conducted during the 2022 match cycle to assess integrated PRS residency applicants’ perceptions on the role of SoMe during the match. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on variables of interest. Qualitative analysis was conducted on free-form responses.

Results:
Seventy-nine surveys were completed (response rate: 24%). The majority of respondents were educated in the United States (92%). Instagram was the most commonly used SoMe platform (92%). Of those surveyed, 18% thought that SoMe was beneficial to the application process. Twenty-nine percent of respondents agreed that a SoMe presence increases one’s chances of matching into PRS residency (41% disagreed and 30% responded neutrally). Forty-four percent endorsed stress about maintaining a SoMe presence in PRS. Having mentors who recommended maintaining a SoMe presence was associated with the belief that SoMe increases one’s chances of matching [odds ratio (OR) 8.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–40.4, P = 0.011] and stress about maintaining a SoMe presence (OR 6.3, 95% CI 1.2–33.3, P = 0.030). Applicants who did research years had lower odds of experiencing stress (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.04–0.70, P = 0.015).

Conclusions:
The growing role of SoMe in the residency selection process may be exacerbating applicants’ stress and anxiety. PRS programs may consider establishing clear policies for how SoMe will be used in evaluating candidates.
Osteocutaneous Radial Forearm Flap: Harvest Technique and Prophylactic Volar Locked Plating
Authors: Capito Anthony E. , Hansen Brian K. , Schmitt Mark W. , Beck Jadon H. , Cripe Brian A. , Apel Peter J. 
Published: November 2023

Background:
The osteocutaneous radial forearm (OCRF) flap is a variation of the traditional radial forearm flap with incorporation of an anterolateral segment of corticocancellous bone of the radius, periosteum, and overlying skin. The OCRF flap is indicated in traumatic injuries or extirpation defects with segmental bone loss and is well suited to foot and ankle reconstruction due to its thin pliable skin.

Methods:
In this single-center case series, a retrospective review was conducted to identify patients who underwent OCRF free flap for foot and ankle reconstruction that required harvest of more than 50% of the cross-sectional area of the radius with prophylactic volar locked plating of the donor site. Outcome measures included flap failure rates, postoperative fracture, thrombotic events, time to follow-up, and time to full weightbearing. Flap harvest technique is extensively discussed.

Results:
Six cases were included in this series. There were no flap failures or thrombotic events. Recipient site healing was confirmed in all patients, with partial distal skin paddle loss in one patient requiring operative debridement. No patients sustained donor site complications or functional impairment. Full lower extremity weightbearing was achieved at 12.4 ± 3.3 weeks after surgery.

Conclusions:
The OCRF free flap transfer provides a reliable means of obtaining thin, supple soft tissue coverage with a large, vascularized segment of bone for reconstruction in the foot and ankle. Here, we describe use of more than 50% of the cross-sectional area of the radius with volar locked prophylactic plating. These updates expand use of this reconstructive technique.