bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arylazopyrazole Photoconversion Enables Tunable Morphology and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Adak Soumen , Ghosh Ishita , Maity Manik Lal , Bandyopadhyay Subhajit 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA red‐light switchable fast, near‐quantitative two‐way photoswitching of an azoheteroarene, arylazo‐N‐phenyl‐3,5‐diphenyl pyrazole (AAP1), with a high thermal half‐life of the cis‐isomer is reported here. The photochromic molecule switches in the solution phase and even in thin films. The design of AAP1 incorporates structural features that enable cis → trans reversal under red light quantitatively. Solid‐state photoswitching in pristine thin films has been demonstrated using AAP1. Various photo patterns on paper with AAP1 as the photochromic ink are generated and their switching displaying the change in color is investigated. Single‐crystal XRD structures of the trans‐isomer as well as, the more exciting and rarely observed form, the cis‐isomer of AAP1 is obtained. The SCXRD analysis reveals that the phenyl groups in the pyrazole ring engage in an intramolecular π‐stacking interaction only in the cis‐isomer which significantly enhances its thermal stability. The needle‐shaped crystals of the thermodynamically stable trans‐AAP1 display exceptional elastic mechanical flexibility, whilst the plate‐like cis‐isomers are brittle. The quantitative difference of the mechanical properties of both the isomers is exhibited by nanoindentation experiments. The trans crystals are significantly softer than the cis ones and a roughly three‐fold difference in mechanical characteristics is identified.
CloudSim 7G: An Integrated Toolkit for Modeling and Simulation of Future Generation Cloud Computing Environments
Authors: Andreoli Remo , Zhao Jie , Cucinotta Tommaso , Buyya Rajkumar 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCloud Computing has established itself as an efficient and cost‐effective paradigm for the execution of web‐based applications, and scientific workloads, that need elasticity and on‐demand scalability capabilities. However, the evaluation of novel resource provisioning and management techniques is a major challenge due to the complexity of large‐scale data centers. Therefore, Cloud simulators are an essential tool for academic and industrial researchers, to investigate the effectiveness of novel algorithms and mechanisms in large‐scale scenarios.AimThis paper proposes CloudSim 7G, the seventh generation of CloudSim, which features a re‐engineered and generalized internal architecture to facilitate the integration of multiple CloudSim extensions within the same simulated environment.MethodsAs part of the new design, we introduced a set of standardized interfaces to abstract common functionalities and carried out extensive refactoring and refinement of the codebase.ResultsThe result is a substantial reduction in lines of code with no loss in functionality, significant improvements in run‐time performance and memory efficiency (up to 25\% less heap memory allocated), as well as increased flexibility, ease‐of‐use, and extensibility of the framework.ConclusionThese improvements benefit not only CloudSim developers but also researchers and practitioners using the framework for modeling and simulating next‐generation Cloud Computing environments.
Experimental Design Utilizing Mixed Micellar Monolithic Liquid Chromatography and Ethanol for Rapid Simultaneous Determination of Four Antipsoriatics: A Blue–Green Approach
Authors: Alamir Samy G. , Magdy Nancy , Hussein Lobna A. , Ibrahim Adel Ehab , Fares Nermine V. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTUtilizing chromatography with green chemistry principles helps minimize harm to people and the environment. Since its recent release, the new combination of tazarotene (TAZ) and halobetasol propionate has gained popularity. Crisaborole (CRB) has recently also shown potential for treating psoriasis and can be coformulated with drugs like TAZ and anthralin. Currently, no method has been reported for the simultaneous determination of these drugs. In addition, an environmentally friendly high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for any of them has yet to be developed. The challenge arises mainly due to TAZ's strong retention on reversed phase (RP) columns, which prompts the use of high amounts of organic solvent. To develop a green isocratic HPLC‐photodiode array (PDA) method, the central composite and Box–Behnken quality‐by‐design approaches were employed to study the impact of various factors and their interactions on multiple responses. Since TAZ could not be eluted using micellar phases alone, ethanol was selected as an organic modifier due to its accessibility, environmental friendliness, and limited studies on its use in micellar HPLC. The separation was achieved using a mobile phase of 0.01 M Brij‐35, 0.143 M sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and 0.015 M ammonium acetate (pH 4.95): ethanol (83:17, v/v) at a 1.5 mL/min flow rate. The method utilized the monolithic Chromolith performance RP‐C18 column (100 mm × 4.6 mm × 5µm) at 40°C with a run time less than 10 min. The linear range established was (3.00–150.00 µg/mL) with limits of detection (0.59–0.78 µg/mL) and quantification (1.79–2.37 µg/mL). The proposed method was applied to different dosage forms (ointment, cream, lotion) after optimizing a microextraction procedure with recoveries > 98.5%. It scored 0.7 on analytical greenness (AGREE), 76 on modified Green Analytical Procedure Index (MoGAPI), and 82.5 on Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI). Comparing these scores with reported methods underlines the value of incorporating a scoring system into GAPI and evaluating methods from the blue and green perspectives.
Examining Teacher Questioning in English‐Medium Instruction Classrooms: A Four‐Tier Analytical Procedure
Authors: Uştuk Özgehan , Ye Xuejun , Hu Guangwei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractQuestions asked by teachers in English‐medium instruction (EMI) classrooms are widely recognized as crucial in mediating language and content learning. Nonetheless, studies on EMI classroom discourse have rarely attempted a comprehensive conceptualization of teacher questioning or an analytical model to operationalize such a conceptualization. Drawing on a conceptual framework that characterizes teacher questions in terms of cognitive demand and interactional orientation, this paper proposes a methodological and analytical procedure that allows the systematic examination and comparison of the productivity of teacher questions across different classroom contexts and promotes the rigor of research on teacher questioning. Baseline data collected for a larger multi‐phase research project investigating the effectiveness of a professional development program are used to illustrate how each of the four tiers in the analytical procedure operates and what analytical work is done at each tier. The paper concludes by inviting classroom discourse researchers to use this multi‐layered analytical framework to investigate the productivity of teacher questioning in the complex ecology of naturalistic classroom discourse rigorously and to further expand our conceptualization by integrating more aspects of teacher questions.
Of Culture and (Indian) Nation: The Mukti Revival in Colonial Discourse
Authors: Suarsana Yan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The so-called Mukti Revival, which took place between 1905 and 1907 in the Indian village of Kedgaon, is one of the few revivals of that time outside Europe, for which – in addition to missionary sources – extensive material on the perspectives of local participants has been handed down to us. Therefore, in the following, I will outline the context as well as the contemporary discourse about the Mukti Revival in order to illustrate two things: First, how controversial the status and theological classification of the revival has been among protagonists as well as observers; second, how the various participants positioned themselves along relevant ideological lines within the overarching colonial discourse. In this context, I will show how the colonial notion of civilization and ‘high culture’ undermined the conception of the revival as an authentic awakening of the Indian church, outlined by Mukti’s most prominent representative: the pioneer of feminism in India, Pandita Ramabai.
To Be or Not to Be an Entrepreneur: Disputes About the Relationship Between Church and Business in the Moravian Church
Authors: Kokel Susanne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Questions of how to reconcile religion and economics have always been of high interest within the Moravian Church, which used communal entrepreneurship for its financing from an early stage. While following an active process of enlarging and restructuring the church’s business unit towards larger industrial enterprises, their theologians found themselves confronted with a fundamental refusal of church entrepreneurship generally from the laity in the diaspora, a crucial area of religious work for the Moravians. An alternative concept of church finance by voluntary donations seemed to be theologically more thoroughly founded, an idea presumably being confirmed by the rapid growth of many new religious actors, coming mainly from America and England. The chapter explores how these theological challenges by the numerically clearly superior laity influenced the debates in the Moravian Church and whether consequences of the understanding or even organisation of its entrepreneurship could be noted which is interpreted as a conflict agenda of the popular.
Potential radiotherapy-related reactivation of immune checkpoint inhibitor hepatitis
Authors: Yesmembetov Kakharman , Sahin Cennet , Murad Mohamad , Berres Marie-Luise , Koch Alexander , von Websky Martin , Vondran Florian , Bruners Philipp , Eble Michael , Mohamed Ahmed Allam 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This report details the reactivation of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related autoimmune hepatitis triggered by stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in a 55-year-old male with hilar cholangiocellular carcinoma. Initially diagnosed in December 2021, the patient underwent successful resection and subsequent adjuvant therapy. Despite stable disease following chemotherapy augmented with durvalumab, he developed grade 3 acute hepatitis after seven cycles of durvalumab. Following a brief prednisolone regimen and normalization of liver tests, SBRT targeting para-aortic lymph nodes was initiated. Remarkably, severe hepatitis reoccurred 7 days after starting SBRT, 88 days following the last durvalumab infusion, necessitating resumed and escalated prednisolone treatment. Another course of SBRT for a newly diagnosed metastatic liver lesion was administered in September 2023, with ongoing prednisolone adjustment. By February 2024, liver tests normalized, but subsequent radiological assessments indicated tumor progression, leading to the reintroduction of chemotherapy. This case underscores the potential of SBRT for activating severe immune-mediated hepatotoxicity in patients treated with ICIs, highlighting the need for careful monitoring and management of such patients. Further, this report highlights the possible survival benefit of the strategic application of SBRT in addition to systematic treatment in recurrent and metastatic cholangiocellular carcinoma.
A tree-based varying coefficient model
Authors: Zakrisson Henning , Lindholm Mathias 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The paper introduces a tree-based varying coefficient model (VCM) where the varying coefficients are modelled using the cyclic gradient boosting machine (CGBM) from Delong et al. (On cyclic gradient boosting machines, 2023). Modelling the coefficient functions using a CGBM allows for dimension-wise early stopping and feature importance scores. The dimension-wise early stopping not only reduces the risk of dimension-specific overfitting, but also reveals differences in model complexity across dimensions. The use of feature importance scores allows for simple feature selection and easy model interpretation. The model is evaluated on the same simulated and real data examples as those used in Richman and Wüthrich (Scand Actuar J 2023:71–95, 2023), and the results show that it produces results in terms of out of sample loss that are comparable to those of their neural network-based VCM called LocalGLMnet.
On the finiteness of twists of irreducible symplectic varieties
Authors: Takamatsu Teppei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Irreducible symplectic varieties are higher-dimensional analogues of K3 surfaces. In this paper, we prove the finiteness of twists of irreducible symplectic varieties for a fixed finite field extension of characteristic 0. The main ingredient of the proof is the cone conjecture for irreducible symplectic varieties, which was proved by Markman and Amerik–Verbitsky. As byproducts, we also discuss the cone conjecture over non-closed fields by Bright–Logan–van Luijk’s method. We also give an application to the finiteness of derived equivalent twists. Moreover, we discuss the case of K3 surfaces or Enriques surfaces over fields of positive characteristic.
Ruxolitinib for pediatric acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease: a single-center retrospective study of efficacy and safety
Authors: Cheng Chiao-Yu , Lu Meng-Yao , Chang Hsiu-Hao , Yang Yung-Li , Wu Chang-Hsueh , Lin Dong-Tsamn , Lin Kai-Hsin , Chou Shu-Wei , Jou Shiann-Tarng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major concern for patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Ruxolitinib has been proven effective in treating adult steroid-refractory GVHD; however, studies on pediatric patients are relatively scarce. Thus, this single-center study evaluated the efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib in pediatric patients with steroid-refractory GVHD. We retrospectively reviewed the data of patients aged < 18 years who underwent allogeneic HSCT and received ruxolitinib treatment for either acute GVHD (aGVHD) or chronic GVHD (cGVHD) between 2018 and 2023. Data on the clinical response, concomitant and subsequent medications, adverse events, and outcomes were obtained through medical chart review. Sixteen patients were analyzed in this study: seven with aGVHD and nine with cGVHD. The overall response rate for the 16 patients was 81% (aGVHD, 86%; cGVHD, 77%). The overall survival rate was 56%: (aGVHD, 57%; cGVHD, 55%). For 11 patients with at least stable disease, steroid dosage could be reduced by at least 75%; however, corticosteroids were successfully tapered off in only six patients at the last follow-up. Among four patients with documented lung cGVHD, none experienced lung cGVHD progression at 1-year follow-up. Further, 50% of the patients experienced grade 3 or 4 neutropenia and/or thrombocytopenia, and 56% had viral reactivation. Two patients discontinued ruxolitinib owing to adverse events. Ruxolitinib treatment for pediatric patients with aGVHD and cGVHD is associated with a high overall response rate, significant steroid-sparing effect, acceptable toxicity, and manageable adverse events. However, blood count and viral reactivation should be closely monitored during ruxolitinib use.
Novel approach of combined endoluminal and external vacuum therapy for wound healing disorders after salvage pharyngeal reconstruction
Authors: Gaenzle Maximilian , Feisthammel Juergen , Pirlich Markus , Dietz Andreas , Stoehr Matthaeus 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
Patients with recurrent head and neck carcinoma are considered for salvage surgery if resectability with clear margins is achievable. However, postoperative complications such as wound healing disorders and pharyngocutaneous fistulas remain significant challenges. While various reconstructive surgical techniques exist, supportive vacuum therapy—both external and endoluminal—has been explored as an alternative treatment modality.

Type of Study
We present a case report of a 60-year-old male patient with recurrent laryngeal cancer who underwent salvage laryngopharyngectomy following multiple previous surgical procedures and definitive radiochemotherapy. Due to persistent pharyngocutaneous fistula formation despite multiple reconstructions using pectoralis major flaps, an anterolateral thigh flap, and a fasciocutaneous deltopectoral flap, a novel approach combining endopharyngeal and external vacuum therapy was implemented.

Results
Over six weeks, with vacuum system changes performed twice weekly, the pharyngocutaneous fistula successfully closed, leading to complete wound healing.

Conclusion
This case demonstrates the potential effectiveness of a combined endopharyngeal and external vacuum therapy approach for treating persistent pharyngocutaneous fistulas when conventional surgical options are exhausted. Notably, the patient was able to resume oral food consumption following therapy, highlighting the functional benefits of this novel treatment strategy.
Multi-omics profiling in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA): investigating lipid and metabolic alterations through longitudinal CSF analysis of Nusinersen-treated patients
Authors: Zandl-Lang Martina , Züllig Thomas , Holzer Michael , Eichmann Thomas O. , Darnhofer Barbara , Schwerin-Nagel Annette , Zobel Joachim , Haidl Harald , Biebl Ariane , Köfeler Harald , Plecko Barbara 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare neuromuscular disease caused by biallelic mutations in the SMN1 gene, leading to progressive muscle weakness due to degeneration of the anterior horn cells. Since 2017, SMA patients can be treated with the anti-sense oligonucleotide Nusinersen, which promotes alternative splicing of the SMN2 gene, by regular intrathecal injections. In this prospective study, we applied metabolomic, lipidomic, and proteomic analysis to examine sequential CSF samples from 13 SMA patients and controls. This multi-omic approach identified over 800 proteins and 400 small molecules including lipids. Multivariate analysis of multi-omic data successfully discriminated between the CSF derived from SMA patients and control subjects. Lipidomic analysis revealed increased levels of cholesteryl esters and lyso-phospholipids, along with reduced levels of cholesterol and phospholipids in the CSF of SMA patients as compared to healthy controls. These data, combined with results from functional assays, led us to conclude that SMA patients exhibit altered levels and function of high-density-lipoprotein (HDL)-like particles in the CSF. Notably, Nusinersen therapy was observed to reverse disease-specific profile changes toward a physiological state, potentially explicable by restoring HDL function.
NADPH-mediated seedless in situ formation of gold or gold-platinum nanoparticles for the enzymatic determination of atropine
Authors: Domínguez Mario , de Marcos Susana , Galbán Javier 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The without-seeds in situ formation of gold nanoparticles from NADPH and its application to the colorimetric determination of atropine (a tropane alkaloid) in cereals is reported. The method is based on a chemical hydrolysis, followed by an enzymatic oxidation by NADP catalyzed by tropinone reductase in the presence of Au(III) or Au(III)/Pt(II). During this reaction, the formed NADPH reduces the metal ion precursor to AuNPs (or AuPtNPs) and the absorption due to the plasmon band (550 nm or 575 nm) is measured. The method (AuPtNPs) allows the determination of the analyte in the concentration range 0.025 to 0.09 mM with an RSD of 3% (n = 5) and is applied to its determination in spiked buckwheat samples using the standard addition method, with 96.9 ± 2.0% recovery. It is also demonstrated that NAD(P)H and NADH have different kinetics for AuNP generation, which could be used to discriminate between these two cofactors.

Graphical Abstract
SustainScrum: integrating sustainability assessment in a tailored Scrum process for computing quantitative sustainability indicators
Authors: Mazak-Huemer Alexandra , Vierhauser Michael , Groher Iris 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the wake of a rapidly growing global focus on sustainable practices, the year 2023 marked a significant regulatory milestone, with the enactment of the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive. This directive significantly expands the scope of sustainability reporting, encompassing a broader array of enterprises, including large-scale, and small- and medium-sized enterprises within the EU. This regulatory development has profound implications for the software industry, as these companies need to provide comprehensive sustainability reporting for their software products. However, the industry still lacks models, tools, and methodologies for quantitatively assessing sustainability indicators during an agile software development process. In this paper, we introduce SustainScrum, a customized Scrum process model that incorporates sustainability evaluations into the development lifecycle of software products. More precisely, SustainScrum integrates the assessment of sustainability aspects into the backlog, user story management, and development stages of the Scrum process. Its primary objective is to ensure that sustainability considerations are systematically captured, evaluated, and addressed throughout the development process. It integrates the computation of quantitative sustainability indicators thereby advancing the ability to address sustainability challenges within software engineering practices. We performed an initial validation, investigating the applicability of SustainScrum on an open-source, publicly available requirements data set for agile development.
Efficacy of a novel small-caliber therapeutic endoscope in peroral endoscopic myotomy for esophageal motility disorders: a propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Abe Hirofumi , Tanaka Shinwa , Sakaguchi Hiroya , Ueda Chise , Kinoshita Masato , Hori Hitomi , Nakai Tatsuya , Yoshizaki Tetsuya , Hoki Shinya , Tanabe Hiroshi , Urakami Satoshi , Toyonaga Takashi , Kodama Yuzo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
EG-840TP is a novel small-caliber therapeutic endoscope with a large working channel. We aimed to evaluate the treatment outcomes of peroral endoscopic myotomy using EG-840TP compared to those using a conventional therapeutic endoscope (GIF-H290T).

Methods
Patients who underwent peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia and non-achalasia esophageal motility disorders were enrolled between March 2021 and March 2023. Procedure times and other treatment outcomes were compared between patients treated with EG-840TP and GIF-H290T using propensity score matching analysis. In the subgroup analysis, patients were divided into subsets based on myotomy length, morphology, esophageal dilation, and operator skill, and the procedure time was compared between the matched groups.

Results
A total of 154 patients were enrolled in this study, and 39 patients treated using each type of scope were matched. The EG-840TP group tended to have a shorter procedure time than the GIF-H290T group. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of short-term clinical success or perioperative adverse events. In the subgroup analysis, the procedure time of the EG-840TP group was significantly shorter than that of the GIF-H290T group when patients had a straight esophagus (44 min vs. 54 min, p = 0.0015) and the operator was a non-expert (49 min vs. 64 min, p = 0.031).

Conclusions
POEM using EG-840TP showed procedure time, clinical success, and adverse events equivalent to those of a conventional therapeutic endoscope. However, EG-840TP potentially contributed to a shorter procedure time in patients with a straight esophagus or in non-expert operators than GIF-H290T.