bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrally Bladed Rotor Modal Identification Under Traveling Wave Excitation With High Density Measurement Points
Authors: Beck Joseph A. , Brown Jeffrey M. , Gillaugh Daniel L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Vibration testing of an integrally bladed rotor (IBR) is often completed through traveling wave excitation (TWE) bench tests composed of multiple, simultaneously excited inputs. Often, each blade has many output locations. For IBRs with many blades, as often found in the high pressure compressor, the total number of outputs can be several orders of magnitude. Formulation of a full output spectral density matrix from all measurements will then contain an exponential number of values at each frequency bin that can be detrimental to computational resources during the spectral density matrix formulation as well as down-stream system identification algorithms. An online algorithm is proposed for collecting and analyzing TWE data to reduce the large, computationally burdensome datasets into a manageable number of subsets for subsequent system identification. Furthermore, a frequency domain decomposition technique is also proposed for system identification that also attempts to reduce the data size through singular value decomposition. Identified system poles can be averaged from each subset, but mode shapes require stitching each subset together to identify the full mode shape at all output locations. The developed approaches are tested on synthetic TWE data and compared to baseline system identification results obtained using the full spectral density matrix. Results indicate the data subsets accurately compare to the baseline without much loss in accuracy.
Parameter Identification Problem for Drying of Solid Propellants: Effective Diffusivity
Authors: Kulish Vladimir , Phan Bui Thanh , Horák Vladimír 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the manufacture of propellants, drying is a crucial step in which liquid solvents are extracted from the propellants' microstructure in order to impart the desired physical and chemical qualities. Therefore, the prediction of the effective diffusivity, a fundamental characteristic defining the rate of solvent transfer during vacuum drying of propellants, is particularly valuable for determining optimal drying conditions in the operation of drying systems and optimizing the drying process. This paper presents an elegant way to estimate the lumped value of the effective diffusivity for the mass transfer process in the course of drying propellants. Analytical solutions for the effective diffusivity at planar, cylindrical, and spherical geometries are obtained. These solutions are used to investigate effects of the propellant geometry on the drying process. Using experimental data for the transient moisture content, it becomes possible to determine geometries, which should be preferred for a given function of the mass flux.
Computational Design of 2D Lattice Structures Based on Crystallographic Symmetries
Authors: Leuenberger Alfred , Birner Eliott , Lumpe Thomas S. , Stanković Tino 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The design representations of lattice structures are fundamental to the development of computational design approaches. Current applications of lattice structures are characterized by ever-growing demand on computational resources to solve difficult optimization problems or generate large datasets, opting for the development of efficient design representations which offer a high range of possible design variants, while at the same time generating design spaces with attributes suitable for computational methods to explore. In response, the focus of this work is to propose a parametric design representation based on crystallographic symmetries and investigate its implications for the computational design of lattice structures. The work defines design rules to support the design of functionally graded structures using crystallographic symmetries such that the connectivity between individual members in a structure with varying geometry is guaranteed and investigates how to use the parametrization in the context of optimization. The results show that the proposed parametrization achieves a compact design representation to benefit the computational design process by employing a small number of design variables to control a broad range of complex geometries. The results also show that the design spaces based on the proposed parametrization can be successfully explored using a direct search-based method.
Community Development and Public Transport
Authors: Hawthorne Georgia 
Published: December 2023

When discussing sustainability, the first thing that might come to mind is environmental sustainability. However, a truly sustainable community is active in social and environmental sustainability. To enable social sustainability, having a reliable transport system is fundamental, especially accessible public transport. However, in Dunedin, there is a significant demographic gap in taking public transportation. According to the 2022 student travel survey, 50.1% of Otago University students own a Bus Card; however, 84.2% of students have never taken a bus. This report aims to delve into the transportation needs of Otago University students via the use of persona archetypes and evaluate the current transportation system with student needs and concerns. Through the use of personas and running them through the Dunedin Bus system, there is an argument that the current public transport system is not accessible to university students and thus needs a revamp to enable social sustainability within the university student population. University-run shuttles influenced by Penn State and the University of North Dakota and creating a student-friendly bus environment are some proposed changes needed to allow student engagement in the Dunedin community.
Food Waste
Authors: Lawrence Demi 
Published: December 2023

This research project explored solutions for food waste reduction and mitigation across Te Whatu Ora / New Zealand Public Hospital systems. Directly relating and supporting Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12.3, to halve global food waste at consumer and retail levels by 2030. This research was done by analysing appropriate literature exploring food and organic waste management strategies in national and international hospital service sectors and systems, further using the Food Recovery Hierarchy as a framework, which ranks the effects of these strategies when looking at them financially, environmentally and socially. Furthermore, this research looks at the barriers and enablers of the suggested organic waste management strategies. A food waste audit was conducted at Dunedin Public Hospital to assess and quantify the current organic waste within the system. The audit method was developed using the Food Loss and Waste Protocol Waste Composition Analysis Guide. The key questions of this study are: How do we prevent organic waste in the first place (preparation strategies)? What can we do with the organic waste produced to prevent it from going to landfills? What items in the food system are the most wasted? How much Greenhouse gas (GHG) is produced by this organic waste going to landfill? Organic waste produces methane, occupies land mass and has the potential for groundwater contamination. Ten per cent of total global GHG Emissions come from food waste, 22% of which is occurring at the consumption level. The key impact of this research is to mitigate organic waste going to landfills to reduce further climate change, thus benefiting environmentally, socially and economically.
Estimating the contribution of the porcine fecal core microbiota to metabolite production via mathematical modeling and
in vitro
fermentation
Authors: Galgano Salvatore , Kettle Helen , Free Andrew , Houdijk Jos G. M. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

The swine gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem found throughout the gastrointestinal tract, with multiple exchanges with the host and whose composition is linked to both external and internal factors, such as diet or breed. Diet, probiotic, or prebiotic interventions have been designed to boost beneficial host-microbiota interactions, such as the production of anti-inflammatory molecules, or the fermentation of otherwise undigested resources. In parallel, a smaller microbial population, shared among the same host species, independent of external or internal factors, has been described and defined as the “core microbiota.” Therapies targeting the core microbiota could possibly lead to more precise and long-lasting effects. However, the metabolic role of the porcine core microbiota, especially in relation to the rest of the microbial community, is currently missing. We present here the first dynamic model of the porcine core microbiota, which we used to estimate the core-microbiota metabolite production and to forecast the effect of a synbiotic intervention targeting the core genera of the core microbiota. We developed a community model in which a total of 17 microbial groups were established based on culture-based information of representative species. First, the model parameters were estimated, and the resulting model simulations were compared favorably with
in vitro
experimentation. The model was then used to predict the microbial dynamics of the core and non-core members under different experimental conditions. Therefore, it was able to theorize the main-metabolite core microbiota contribution, hypothesizing that it could be mainly responsible for acetate and propionate, but not for butyrate production.

IMPORTANCE

Currently, little information is present in the literature to describe the generic metabolic role of the porcine core microbiota or to inform on the effect of interventions targeting the core genera. Moreover, both
in vitro
and
in vivo
experimentations aiming to explore the core microbiota dynamics are technically demanding, expensive, or restricted by ethical considerations. Modeling approaches can be used as an initial exploratory tool to develop hypotheses for targeted experimentation. Our mathematical model provides initial information on the microbial and metabolite dynamics of the core microbiota in relation to diet and therapeutic intervention.
Late history of glacial Lake Agassiz in northwestern Ontario, Canada: a case study in the Sandy Lake basin
Authors: Gao Cunhai 
Published: December 2023

The Sandy Lake basin in northwestern Ontario is a potentially important area for insights into the late history of glacial Lake Agassiz because of its extensive glaciolacustrine deposits and well-preserved shoreline features of this geological episode. However, little information is available on its deglaciation history. Recent mapping shows the withdrawal of the ice from the basin center and subsequent deposition of extensive varved clay in the lake with an optically stimulated luminescence-dated maximum age at 11.4 ± 0.9 ka. With its further recession, the ice constructed the Opasquia moraine on the northern rim of the basin sometime before the development on the moraine of the first major shoreline of the lake (the The Pas, inferred at 10.1 ka). Lowering of the lake level formed many strandlines on the moraine and elsewhere in the basin, which can be correlated with those in the main Agassiz basin based on projected water planes (the The Pas to Ponton). Radiocarbon dating on basal wood remains of surface peat in a former strait defined by the Ponton shoreline and a nearby site on the former lake floor indicates the abandonment of this shoreline and hence the withdrawal of Lake Agassiz from the Sandy Lake basin by 8.3 ± 0.1 cal ka (UOC-7883). The date, although a minimum-limiting age, provides the hitherto best possible age constraint for the Ponton–Kinojévis shorelines, which many hypothesize represent one of the major lake levels during the final drainage of Lake Agassiz into Hudson Bay but have never been adequately dated before.
A comparison of two bronchial anastomotic techniques in lung transplantation by means of tridimensional tomographic analysis:
Authors: Carvalhal Gnipper Guilherme , Dias Yuri Tebelskis Nunes , Nogueira Filho João Madison , Chate Rodrigo Caruso , Samano Marcos Naoyuki 
Published: December 2023

Background: The objective of this study was to compare two different techniques of bronchial anastomosis in lungtransplant, assessing differences in bronchial narrowing post-surgery.Methods: The surgical team at our center switched between simple stitches to continuous suture to anastomose the anterior bronchial wall in lung transplant procedures. CT scans of the patients obtained three months after the surgery were subject to analysis. The cross section area of the airway at the point of anastomosis was compared with an average of the cross sections of the bronchus 5mm proximal and distal to the point of anastomosis, determining the anastomotic index (AI). Data of 32 bronchi anastomosed with continuous suture from 19 patients were compared to data of 37 bronchi anastomosedwith interrupted suture from 20 patients.Results: Multivariate analysis showed significant difference in bronchial diameter reduction between patients subjected to the two techniques, with no difference between the two sides in any of the groups. The bronchi anastomosed with simple stitches had a significantly larger AI than those anastomosed with running suture (mean AI 0.98 vs 0.82, p < 0.001). A significantly larger number of bronchi subjected to this method had their AI greater than 1 comparing to bronchi anastomosed with a running suture (13 vs 1, p < 0.001).Discussion: The use of simple stitches to join the anterior bronchial wall surpasses a running suture in terms of bronchial narrowing. The interrupted suture technique seems to result in a mechanical widening at the point of anastomosis.
Giant cerebral abscess in pediatric patient
Authors: Carvalho Gabriela de Oliveira , Costa Bruna Diuly Santos , Balsamão Cecília Braga , Gomes Izabela Caroline Prado , Mattos Letícia Luísa , Henriques José Gilberto de Brito 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Brain abscess is a focal infection consisting of purulent collection, encapsulated in the brain parenchyma. The term “giant” has a subjective character because there is no specific definition concerning the measure of the lesion. The most common etiology includes Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, gram-negative and the first two decades of life are the most affected age group. Its pathogenesis occurs by contiguity, hematogenous or metastasis. The clinical presentation is variable and requires treatment with antibiotic therapy and possible surgical approaches. Giant abscesses are rare and rarely occur without apparent clinical manifestations. Objective: Report a patient with a giant brain abscess who was diagnosed on a routine examination.
Utilização da algometria e termografia infravermelha como instrumentos de avaliação da dor: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Vitorino Cristiano Franco , Silva Natália Cristina de Oliveira Vargas e , Alfieri Fabio Marcon 
Published: December 2023

A termografia infravermelha é uma técnica utilizada para diagnóstico complementar da dor, através da apresentação de imagens térmicas com uma câmera infravermelha que mensura a temperatura da superfície do corpo. A algometria de pressão é um método objetivo que busca quantificar a dor em pontos determinados. Ambas as técnicas vem sido empregadas para finalidades diagnósticas. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura acerca das publicações que abordaram a utilização da termografia e algometria em conjunto como instrumentos de avaliação da dor. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática nas bases de dados Pubmed, Bireme e Scielo utilizando os seguintes descritores: “thermography” AND “pain threshold”, e “termografia” AND “tolerância à dor”, sem limitação por data de publicação, em inglês e português, no mês de setembro de 2022. Os critérios de elegibilidade para os estudos foram: utilização da termografia em conjunto com a algometria na busca do desfecho variação da temperatura em processos dolorosos crônicos em seres humanos. Resultados: A busca resultou em trinta e dois estudos, e após a análise dos resumos, vinte e dois foram excluídos por não preencherem os critérios de inclusão, restando dez que foram lidos na íntegra e que compuseram a presente revisão. Conclusão: Apesar da algometria e termografia se apresentarem como técnicas pragmaticamente válidas no estudo da dor, esta revisão mostrou que poucos estudos incluíram em seu desenho a combinação destas técnicas como instrumentos de avaliação.
Robotic gait training in patients with cerebral palsy: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Maglione Andréa Vancetto , Galvão Maria Cristina dos Santos , Ozu Márcia Harumi Uema , Misao Maria Harue , Narumia Lisa Carla 
Published: December 2023

Objective: The present study sought to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy of robotic gait training in children with cerebral palsy (CP) gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) levels II, III and IV. Method: The medical records from 69 patients with CP, who participated in the Lokomat® protocol, were analyzed using a retrospective approach. The results from the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM), 6-minute walk test (6MinWT), 10-meter walk test (10MWT) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test were analyzed before and after the protocol was administered. Results: An improvement in GMFM was observed for all GMFCS levels. GMFCS level III patients showed a significant improvement in the 6MinWT (p= 0.01), and GMFCS level IV patients displayed a significant improvement in GMFM dimension B (p= 0.03). All tests showed a significant improvement when compared to their performance before the application of the protocol. Conclusion: The study suggests that all patients diagnosed with CP benefit from gait training, using the Lokomat® system, within their expected motor frame.
The Role of International Trade Law in the Energy Transition
Authors: Asmelash Henok 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The key to tackling climate change and other environmental concerns primarily lies in the transition away from fossil fuels. Making this transition happen in a just and timely manner requires rapid and radical changes not only to energy sources and technologies but also to the broader socioeconomic and legal assemblages that are built around energy production and consumption. International trade law is one of the critical legal assemblages that can help accelerate or hinder the energy transition. This article focuses on the multilateral trading system and examines the role of international trade law in the energy transition. It argues that existing international trade rules are more likely to impede than accelerate the energy transition and that urgent reform is necessary to ensure that international trade law plays a constructive role in the transition towards a sustainable energy future.
The European Investment Bank Complaints Mechanism: Its Potential and Limitations
Authors: Kula Ayşegül 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The European Investment Bank Complaint Mechanism (EIB CM) reviews complaints about acts or omissions of the European Investment Bank (EIB) for non-compliance with the EIB’s obligation and proposes corrective solutions. This article analyzes the potential and limitations of the EIB CM as an accountability mechanism. It reviews the EIB CM’s case law related to the environmental and social impacts of financed projects and makes comparisons with the operating documents of the accountability mechanisms of other development banks. The analysis indicates that, despite several shortcomings, the complaints review of the EIB CM has significant potential.
Irrigated Agriculture Significantly Modifies Seasonal Boundary Layer Atmosphere and Lower-Tropospheric Convective Environment
Authors: Lachenmeier Emilee , Mahmood Rezaul , Phillips Chris , Nair Udaysankar , Rappin Eric , Pielke Roger A. , Brown William , Oncley Steve , Wurman Joshua , Kosiba Karen , Kaulfus Aaron , Santanello Joseph , Kim Edward , Lawston-Parker Patricia , Hayes Michael , Franz Trenton E. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Modification of grasslands into irrigated and nonirrigated agriculture in the Great Plains resulted in significant impacts on weather and climate. However, there has been lack of observational data–based studies solely focused on impacts of irrigation on the PBL and convective conditions. The Great Plains Irrigation Experiment (GRAINEX), conducted during the 2018 growing season, collected data over irrigated and nonirrigated land uses over Nebraska to understand these impacts. Specifically, the objective was to determine whether the impacts of irrigation are sustained throughout the growing season. The data analyzed include latent and sensible heat flux, air temperature, dewpoint temperature, equivalent temperature (moist enthalpy), PBL height, lifting condensation level (LCL), level of free convection (LFC), and PBL mixing ratio. Results show increased partitioning of energy into latent heat relative to sensible heat over irrigated areas while average maximum air temperature was decreased and dewpoint temperature was increased from the early to peak growing season. Radiosonde data suggest reduced planetary boundary layer (PBL) heights at all launch sites from the early to peak growing season. However, reduction of PBL height was much greater over irrigated areas than over nonirrigated croplands. Relative to the early growing period, LCL and LFC heights were also lower during the peak growing period over irrigated areas. Results note, for the first time, that the impacts of irrigation on PBL evolution and convective environment can be sustained throughout the growing season and regardless of background atmospheric conditions. These are important findings and applicable to other irrigated areas in the world.

Significance Statement
To meet the ever-increasing demand for food, many regions of the world have adopted widespread irrigation. The High Plains Aquifer (HPA) region, located within the Great Plains of the United States, is one of the most extensively irrigated regions. In this study, for the first time, we have conducted a detailed irrigation-focused land surface and atmospheric data collection campaign to determine irrigation impacts on the atmosphere. This research demonstrates that irrigation significantly alters lower atmospheric characteristics and creates favorable cloud and convection development conditions during the growing season. The results clearly show first-order impacts of irrigation on regional weather and climate and hence warrant further attention so that we can minimize negative impacts and achieve sustainable irrigation.