bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome measures for young people with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A qualitative exploration of healthcare professionals’ perceptions and practices
Authors: Alamrani Samia , Gardner Adrian , Falla Deborah , Russell Emily , Rushton Alison B. , Heneghan Nicola R. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Limited knowledge exists on current use of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) and performance measures for adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), as well as health care professionals’ (HCPs) perceived barriers and facilitators towards their use. This study’s objectives were: 1) to explore current practice of HCPs when assessing outcomes for AIS 2) to understand perceived barriers and facilitators of HCPs to use PROMs 3) to understand perceived barriers and facilitators of HCPs to use performance measures.

Methods
A qualitative study recruited a purposive sample of HCPs from a tertiary hospital in the United Kingdom. Mean years of experience managing individuals with AIS was 11.8 years; and included surgeons, physiotherapists and nurses, educated at Bachelor, Masters and Doctoral level. Consent to participate and demographic information were collected in advance of the interviews. In-depth, virtual semi-structured interviews were informed by a topic guide based on current evidence. Interviews of approximately 45 minutes were audio and video recorded and transcribed verbatim alongside written field notes. Data were coded and analysed using inductive thematic analysis, involving researchers with topic and methodological expertise and input from a patient representative.

Results
Two themes emerged regarding current practice of using PROMs routine practice and personal evaluations. Four themes emerged as barriers to using PROMs for individuals with AIS: priority and support (e.g., HCPs focus on providing care), practical challenges (e.g., inadequate PROMs), patient-related challenges (e.g., patient preferences) and knowledge, education, and perceived value. Two themes emerged as facilitators: quality existing measure (e.g., sufficient psychometric properties), and priority and support (e.g., research department/culture). Themes for barriers to use performance measures were practicality (e.g., need physical space) and perceived value and knowledge (e.g., PROMs are more important), while the one theme for facilitators was practical consideration (e.g., acceptability).

Conclusions
Although HCPs perceived the value of using outcome measures, current practice indicates limited use for individuals with AIS. The findings revealed different barriers and facilitators to implement PROMs in practice. Adopting performance measure are limited due to lack of knowledge and perceived value alongside the practicality, while considering practical factors can improve the use of these measures in practice.
In quest of China sports lottery development path to common prosperity in 2035
Authors: Yao Yaping , Wan Bin , Long Bo , Bu Te , Zhang Yang 
Published: January 2024

Objectives
The China sports lottery contributes to sports and welfare causes. This study aims to construct a macro forecasting model supporting its sustained growth aligned with Vision 2035.

Methods
The modeling employed a distributional regression. Sales data of the China sports lottery from 2011 to 2022 were chosen as the response variable, alongside various macro- and event-level explanatory factors.

Results
A gamma distribution best fit the data. In the stable model spanning 2011–2019, urbanization, population dynamics, and FIFA emerged as significant contributors (Chi–square p < 0.05) to the location shift parameter. These three factors retained their significance in the 2011–2022 shock model, where shock itself notably impacted sales (p < 0.001). Utilizing the shock model, we simulated the trajectory of the China sports lottery up to 2035. China’s demographics changes are poised to create structural headwinds starting in 2026, leading to an anticipated decline in sales driven by population shifts from 2032 onward. However, the FIFA effect is projected to continue fortifying this sector.

Conclusions
Beyond offering original insights into the sales trajectory until 2035, specifically concerning new urbanization, negative population growth, and the FIFA effect, this macro forecasting framework can assist in addressing the policy priority of balancing growth with risk mitigation. We recommend policymakers connect market development with mass sports, potentially garnering a dual boost from the growing population of older consumers and the inherent benefits of a “FIFA (mass sports)” effect. A people-centered approach to the China sports lottery could significantly contribute to the long–range objectives of achieving common prosperity outlined in Vision 2035.
Real-world prescription of anti-COVID-19 drugs in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Japan
Authors: Shida Haruka , Komamine Maki , Kajiyama Kazuhiro , Waki Takashi , Maruyama Hotaka , Uyama Yoshiaki 
Published: January 2024

Objective
Prescription trends and patterns of anti-COVID-19 drugs in hospitalized patients were examined based on real world data to understand the use of anti-COVID-19 drugs in clinical practice in Japan.

Design
The longitudinal and cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing data from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021 of the MID-NET® medical information database, which stored the electronic medical records, administrative claim data, and diagnosis procedure combination data of patients in Japan.

Participants
Hospitalized patients with a COVID-19-related diagnosis who received at least one anti-COVID-19 drug between April 1, 2020 and December 31, 2021.

Exposures
The following 14 drugs were included in this study: remdesivir, baricitinib, combination product of casirivimab and imdevimab, favipiravir, dexamethasone, ivermectin, azithromycin, nafamostat mesylate, camostat mesylate, ciclesonide, tocilizumab, sarilumab, combination product of lopinavir and ritonavir, and hydroxychloroquine.

Results
We identified 5,717 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and prescribed at least one anti-COVID-19 drug. The entire cohort generally included patients over 41–50 years and more males. The most common prescription pattern was dexamethasone monotherapy (22.9%), followed by the concomitant use of remdesivir and dexamethasone (15.0%), azithromycin monotherapy (15.0%), remdesivir monotherapy (10.2%), and nafamostat mesylate monotherapy (8.5%). However, an often prescribed anti-COVID-19 drug differed depending on the period.

Conclusions and relevance
This study revealed the real-world situation of anti-COVID-19 drug prescriptions in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Japan. A prescribed drug would depend on the latest scientific evidence, such as efficacy, safety, and approval status, at the time of prescription. Understanding the prescription of anti-COVID-19 drugs will be important for providing the most up-to-date treatments to patients and evaluating the benefit and/or risk of anti-COVID-19 drugs based on the utilization of an electronic medical record database.
The Time-Dependent Association Between Irritable Bowel Syndrome and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study Within the UK Biobank
Authors: Li Fangyu , Yano Yukiko , Étiévant Lola , Daniel Carrie R. , Sharma Shreela V. , Brown Eric L. , Li Ruosha , Loftfield Erikka , Lan Qing , Sinha Rashmi , Moshiree Baharak , Inoue-Choi Maki , Vogtmann Emily 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders, but few studies have evaluated mortality risks among individuals with IBS. We explored the association between IBS and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the UK Biobank.

METHODS:
We included 502,369 participants from the UK Biobank with mortality data through 2022. IBS was defined using baseline self-report and linkage to primary care or hospital admission data. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause and cause-specific mortality using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models within partitioned follow-up time categories (0–5, >5–10, and >10 years).

RESULTS:
A total of 25,697 participants (5.1%) had a history of IBS at baseline. After a median follow-up of 13.7 years, a total of 44,499 deaths occurred. Having an IBS diagnosis was strongly associated with lower risks of all-cause (HR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.62–0.78) and all-cancer (HR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.60–0.79) mortality in the first 5 years of follow-up. These associations were attenuated over follow-up, but even after 10 years of follow-up, associations remained inverse (all-cause: HR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.84–0.96; all-cancer: HR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.78–0.97) after full adjustment. Individuals with IBS had decreased risk of mortality from breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers in some of the follow-up time categories.

DISCUSSION:
We found that earlier during follow-up, having diagnosed IBS was associated with lower mortality risk, and the association attenuated over time. Additional studies to understand whether specific factors, such as lifestyle and healthcare access, explain the inverse association between IBS and mortality are needed.
Individual model of psychological support bariatric surgery patients «12 targets»
Authors: Neimark A. E. , Eganian Sh. A. 
Published: January 2024

The relevance of developing an individual model of psychological support for patients with bariatric surgery «12 targets» in the framework of a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of obesity is due to the fact that the effectiveness of surgical treatment is significantly influenced by the individual psychological characteristics of the patient. A comprehensive assessment of the psychological state of patients and the implementation of psychocorrective measures before and after bariatric surgery can improve the effectiveness of surgical treatment and prevent the risk of relapse. The individual model of the psychological support of the bariatric patient is built on the principle of a psycho-correction program, which is an integrative approach using psychotherapeutic tools from various areas of clinical psychology and psychotherapy. 12 universal targets of psycho-corrective influence in work with bariatric patients have been identified. The program is implemented in two stages: psychological preparation for bariatric surgery, psychological adaptation to physiological and psychological changes in the postoperative period. 20 bariatric patients took part in the program of individual psychological support, 11 of them (group 1) participated in all stages of psycho-corrective measures; 9 people (group 2) did not undergo psychological preparation for surgery, they were already included in the second stage of work on psychological adaptation to physiological and psychological changes in the postoperative period. Intermediate results of evaluating the effectiveness of psychological support for patients, which are based on the percentage of BMI reduction, show the achievement of stability in reducing overweight in the process of psychological interventions in both groups. The described model of psychological work will allow clinical psychologists working in a multidisciplinary team in bariatrics to focus on the universal targets of the problem field of a bariatric patient.
Polypragmasy and the basics of personalized rational pharmacotherapy selection in older patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Troshina E. A. , Barysheva V. O. , Umarkhadzhieva Z-Sh. R. 
Published: January 2024

Increasing life expectancy and, as a consequence, a large number of comorbidities lead to a multitude of medications prescribed by physicians of different specialties. Patients with obesity and carbohydrate metabolism disorders, especially with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), are at particular risk of polypragmasy, which is associated with the use of potentially nonrecommended medications. Prescribing errors can cause significant harm to the patient’s health and increase the risk of rehospitalization and healthcare costs. Identification of probably not recommended drugs in this category of patients will improve understanding of prevalence and risk factors of their use, develop strategies to prevent and limit the burden of taking inappropriate drugs and promote development of personalized and patient-oriented treatment options. Tools exist to assess potentially inappropriate therapy (PIT) in the elderly and new tools and criteria are often created. However, they are not specifically aimed at people with obesity and carbohydrate metabolism disorders. Thus, these criteria usually include only a few items related to DM2. Consequently, there is a clear need for a modern tool that can be used to address PIT specifically in older adults with obesity and carbohydrate metabolism disorders.
The daily calcium profile in patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism depending on different 25(OH) vitamin D level
Authors: Kovaleva E. V. , Eremkina A. K. , Elfimova A. R. , Gorbacheva A. M. , Mokrysheva N. G. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: Chronic hypoparathyroidism is a relatively rare disease, which usually treated active forms of vitamin D and oral calcium supplements. Supplementation with native vitamin D can be useful both for achieving «non-skeletal» effects of vitamin D and for a more stable serum calcium profile.AIM: The aim of this study was to estimate the daily serum calcium and 24-hour urine calcium levels depending on different 25(OH) vitamin D values in patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism on treatment of active forms of vitamin D and calcium supplements.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism were involved in the study. All patients were divided in two groups, matched on sex and age, according to the median level of 25(OH) vitamin D in the total group.RESULTS: There were no significant differences between groups by total, albumin-adjusted serum calcium levels and urine calcium excretion. Patients with serum 25(ОН) vitamin D level ≥ 35 ng/ml had significant tendency to achieve more often the target levels of total serum calcium during the day (128 vs. 149 measurements during the day, p=0.049, χ2). However, this tendency disappeared for albumin-adjusted serum calcium levels (p=0.517, χ2). There frequency of hypercalcemia by albumin-adjusted serum calcium in the group of patients with 25(ОН) vitamin D ≥ 35 ng/ml (p=0.006, χ2) was significantly lower, but not for total serum calcium (a trend, p=0.042, χ2). As regards hypocalcemia, there were no significant differences by albumin-adjusted serum calcium (p=0.581, χ2) and it tends to lower frequency by total serum calcium (p=0.023, χ2).CONCLUSION: The additional administration of native vitamin D in patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism may have some advantages, related to the general concept of worldwide vitamin D deficiency and better disease control.
Z działalności niemieckiego Sądu Specjalnego w Radomiu w latach 1939-1945
Authors: Wrzyszcz Andrzej 
Published: January 2024

W okresie okupacji działały na ziemiach polskich różne sądy niemieckie. Na terenach wcielonych do III Rzeszy największe znaczenie miały sądy specjalne (Sondergerichte). Działalność tych sądów znalazła szerokie odbicie w polskiej literaturze historyczno-prawnej. Fundamentalne znaczenie mają przede wszystkim prace Edmunda Zarzyckiego, Alfreda Koniecznego, Jana Waszczyńskiego, Stanisława Godlewskiego. Problematyka ta została także dostrzeżona w historiografii niemieckiej. Obok syntez zawartych w fundamentalnych dziełach poświęconych wymiarowi sprawiedliwości III Rzeszy pojawiaj się też szczegółowe rozprawy analityczne. Ostatnio opublikowana została praca doktorska Gerda Weckbeckera Zwischen Freispruch und Todesstrafe. Die Rechtsprechung der nationalsozialistischen Sondergerichte Frankfurt/Main und Bromberg.
Unlocking the Potential of Garnet Ferrites: A Comprehensive Review on Properties, Preparation Methods, and Applications
Authors: Sharma Anjori , Dipesh  
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in garnet ferrites, a class of complex magnetic oxides with promising properties for various applications. The paper covers the crystal structure and different properties of garnet ferrites as well as their synthesis methods, including sol-gel auto-combustion, low-temperature liquid phase epitaxy, pulsed laser deposition, coprecipitation method, sol-gel, hydrothermal, ball billing method, and low-temperature solid-state reactions. The functional properties of garnet ferrites, such as permeability, hysteresis loop, loss mechanics, and saturation magnetization, are also discussed in detail, along with their potential applications in microwave devices, antennas, Faraday lasers, and cancer treatment. Finally, the challenges and future directions for the development of garnet ferrites are outlined, highlighting the need for further research to optimize their properties and improve their performance in real-world applications.
Emotional Distress Disparities Across Multiple Intersecting Social Positions: The Role of Bias-Based Bullying
Authors: Eisenberg Marla E. , Lawrence Samantha E. , Eadeh Hana-May , Suresh Malavika , Rider G. Nic , Gower Amy L. 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES
To apply an intersectional lens to disparities in emotional distress among youth, including multiple social positions and experiences with bias-based bullying.

METHODS
Data are from the 2019 Minnesota Student Survey (n = 80 456). Social positions (race and ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender) and 2 forms of bias-based bullying (racist, homophobic or transphobic) were entered into decision tree models for depression, anxiety, self-injury, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Groups with the highest prevalence are described. Rates of emotional distress among youth with matching social positions but no bias-based bullying are described for comparison.

RESULTS
LGBQ identities (90%) and transgender, gender diverse, and questioning identities (54%) were common among the highest-prevalence groups for emotional distress, often concurrently; racial and ethnic identities rarely emerged. Bias-based bullying characterized 82% of the highest-prevalence groups. In comparable groups without bias-based bullying, emotional distress rates were 20% to 60% lower (average 38.8%).

CONCLUSIONS
Findings highlight bias-based bullying as an important point for the intervention and mitigation of mental health disparities, particularly among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, gender-diverse, queer, and questioning adolescents. Results point to the importance of addressing bias-based bullying in schools and supporting lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, gender-diverse, queer, and questioning students at the systemic level as a way of preventing emotional distress.
Changes in common carotid artery elasticity in solid organ recipients
Authors: Shevchenko A. O. , Tyunyaeva I. Yu. , Lysenko M. M. , Koloskova N. N. , Saydulaev D. A. , Zubenko S. I. , Vakurova E. A. , Sharapchenko S. O. 
Published: January 2024

Background. Cardiovascular diseases are very common among solid organ recipients. They are associated with worsening transplant outcomes. Arterial vascular wall elasticity is an important prognostic indicator and a risk marker for cardiovascular events. Noninvasive measurement of common carotid artery (CCA) elasticity may be useful in assessing cardiovascular risk in solid organ recipients.Objective: To conduct a comparative analysis of indicators of CCA elasticity in solid organ recipients and to study their relationship with factors that potentially have a negative impact on the risk of adverse events.Materials and methods. The study included 154 patients aged 10 to 75 years, including heart (n = 77), liver (n = 9), and kidney (n = 35) recipients, as well as 33 patients with end-stage heart failure waitlisted for heart transplantation (HT). In all participants, carotid artery ultrasound was performed, pulse wave velocity was measured, and CCA elasticity was calculated.Results. CCA elasticity was found to be strongly inversely correlated with age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, renal tubular filtration rate, CCA intima media thickness, and aortic pulse wave velocity. In heart recipients, CCA elasticity was significantly lower than in liver and kidney recipients (p = 0,002) and it inversely correlated with the length of time elapsed after transplantation, which is probably associated with cardiac denervation.Conclusion. CCA elasticity calculated via noninvasive ultrasound reflects the degree of adverse effects of pathological factors on the main arteries in solid organ recipients.
Treatment of vascular complications following orthotopic liver transplantation. The experience of a regional cente
Authors: Korobka V. L. , Kostrykin M. Yu. , Malevanny M. V. , Kotov O. V. , Korobka R. V. , Pak E. S. , Khoronko Yu. V. , Sapronova N.  G. , Sukhanov I. A. , Khoronko R. Yu. 
Published: January 2024

Objective: vascular complications (VCs) following liver transplantation (LT) can pose a significant threat to the recipient’s life – as the risk of graft loss increases significantly when blood flow in the graft is impaired. Diagnosis and early treatment of VCs seems to be a pressing issue in transplantology. The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence, treatment and outcome of VCs in patients after orthotopic LT at the Center for Surgery and Donor Coordination, Rostov Regional Clinical Hospital.Materials and methods. Between July 2015 and April 2023, 100 orthotopic LTs were performed. VCs were retrospectively identified and analyzed.Results. The overall incidence of VCs was 24% (n = 24): hepatic artery stenosis, 5% (n = 5); intra-abdominal bleeding, 6% (n = 6); hepatic artery dissection, 2% (n = 2); intrahepatic venous thrombosis Budd–Chiari syndrome), 2% (n = 2); portal vein thrombosis, 1% (n = 1); inferior vena cava thrombosis/iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis, 2% (n = 2); inferior vena cava stenosis, 1% (n = 1); hepatic vein stenosis, 1% (n = 1); recurrent hepatic artery stenosis/thrombosis, 2% (n = 2); mesenteric vein thrombosis, 2% (n = 2).Conclusion. Most VCs following orthotopic LT occur in the early postoperative period and can lead to a high risk of graft dysfunction and patient death. Early recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of post-LT complications are critical to successful short- and long-term graft function and patient survival, even in patients with asymptomatic complications. Treatment options typically include surgical revascularization, percutaneous thrombolysis, percutaneous angioplasty, retransplantation, or, less commonly, a conservative approach.
Design and Development of 3-Dimensional Model of Human Circulatory System to Teach a Concept of Biology in Senior Secondary Schools
Authors: Babalola Ebenezer Omolafe 
Published: January 2024

Instructional resources guarantee maximum value and effectiveness in the teaching and learning process. The instrument of instruction is communication which must be skillfully designed and developed if the objective of the instruction is to be accomplished. Models are a direct replica of real objects or figures. They are made in place of the original figure or object and used as such in place of the original. Inability to have access to mammalian internal organs is one of the challenges in teaching some concepts in Biology. Hence, we need to develop a 3-dimensional model of the human circulatory system to teach a concept in Biology. The findings revealed that the 3-dimensional automated model of the human circulatory system was successfully developed with materials sourced from the environment. Such materials include Plaster of Paris (POP), Top gum, White Cement, Car Paint (white), Acrylic Paint (Blue and Red), Tissue Paper, Binding Wire, Painting Brush, Silicon Gum, Sandpaper. This study recommended among others that management of secondary schools should make provision for the local 3-D model to be used as teaching aids for effective instructional delivery in their respective schools.