bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MECHANISMS OF DEVELOPMENT AND MODERN DIRECTIONS OF TREATMENT OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY (literature review)
Authors: Vodianyk V.V. , Ziablitzev S.V. 
Published: January 2024

Background. Despite the significant achievements in understanding the mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy (DR), the active search for new approaches and testing directions for its treatment continues today.
Aim: To determine the current state of understanding of the mechanisms of development and directions of treatment of diabetic retinopathy.
Materials and methods. An information search for the results of scientific research was conducted in the online databases PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar using keywords. The search depth is 10 years. The search was performed by two independent authors. 178 sources were selected for analysis, of which 53 that met the search criteria were used.
Results. From a pathophysiological point of view, DR is a complex of progressive changes in the microcirculatory channel, which lead to ischemia, neovascularization, increased permeability of the hematoretinal barrier, and macular edema. At the same time, the predominantly inflammatory nature of the damage with a sluggish chronic course and damage to retinal neurons and microvascular disorders was established. The universal mechanism of DR can be considered oxidative stress, which connects all biochemical and molecular pathways induced by hyperglycemia. Important mechanisms are loss of pericytes, changes in gene expression, activation of signaling cascades Ras/Raf-1/MEK/ERK, p38-MAPK, endothelial dysfunction and recruitment of leukocytes and monocytes, activation of NF-κB, HIF-1 and VEGF pathways, activation of apoptosis and pyroptosis. Existing methods of DR treating require significant expansion with the use of targeted therapy aimed at specific pathogenetic pathways.
Conclusion. The discovery of new mechanisms of DR and the search for new directions of targeted therapy is an urgent task of modern ophthalmology.
Diplomasi Publik Pemerintah Indonesia dalam Meningkatkan Kujungan Wisatawan di Pulau Lombok Pasca Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Budisatria Tegar , Nugrahaningsih Nurfitri , Suratiningsih Dewi 
Published: January 2024

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan dimensi diplomasi publik yang dilakukan Indonesia dalam penyelenggraan <em>event</em> internasional yaitu MotoGP Mandalika 2022 dan World Superbike 2022 sebagai momentum untuk memulihkan kunjungan wisatawan yang menurun selama pandemi covid-19. peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif serta jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan sumber utama pengambilan data berdasarkan <em>literature review</em>. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori diplomasi publik yang menurut Mark Leonard memiliki dimensi-dimensi yang dapat menganalisis elemen diplomasi publik pada suatu <em>event </em>Dimensi-dimensi tersebut diantaranya: 1) <em>news management</em> yang dapat dilihat melalui bagaimana pemanfaatan <em>media center</em>, laman berita dan sosial media dalam mengontrol informasi; 2) <em>strategic communication</em> yang dapat dilihat melalui adanya pesan-pesan strategis yang mempromosikan pariwisata Indonesia dalam penyelenggaraan <em>event</em> tersebut; dan 3) <em>relationship building</em> yang berupa kunjungan dari pihak promotor dan pembangunan fasilitas untuk membangun kesan positif pengunjung. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa upaya yang dilakukan Indonesia dalam hal ini dapat dikatakan baik walaupun ada beberapa yang perlu ditingkatkan khususnya dalam menaikan daya tarik pada <em>event</em> WSBK.</p>
LITERATURE REVIEW: PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISIONS (STAD) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Eriza Rizka , Selaras Ganda Hijrah 
Published: January 2024

Model Student Teams Achievement Divisions adalah satu metode pembelajaran kooperatif paling sederhana. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif. Kriteria artikel yang digunakan untuk literature review yaitu artikel yang mencakup Student Teams Achievement Divisions. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran STAD terhadap keaktifan dan hasil belajar biologi Kearifan Lokal dan Keterampilan Abad 21. Artikel referensi diterbitkan 5 tahun terakhir (2018-2023) yang diambil dari jurnal ilmiah nasional dan internasional yang terdaftar di Science and Technology Index (SINTA) dan SCOPUS. Penelitian-penelitian tersebut mencakup pada jenjang SMP, SMA dan Universitas dalam Pembelajaran Biologi. Penelitian-penelitian tersebut menyatakan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran model STAD mampu menciptakan pembelajaran yang aktif dan efisien digunakan dalam pembelajaran.
JENIS - JENIS BULU BABI (ECHINOIDEA) DI ZONA INTERTIDAL PANTAI GERAK MAKMUR KECAMATAN SAMPOLAWA KABUPATEN BUTON SELATAN
Authors: Purnamasari Resti , Tala WD. Syarni , Kusrini Kusrini , Rasyid Magfirah 
Published: January 2024

Bulu babi (Echinoidea) merupakan salah satu kelas dalam filum Echinodermata. Hewan ini umumnya berbentuk bulat dan memiliki duri yang berfungsi sebagai alat gerak. Beberapa jenis bulu babi ini dapat dikonsumsi. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode jelajah dengan menelusuri zona intertidal. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di pagi hari dan malam hari saat air laut surut. Identifikasi bulu babi (Echinoidea) dilakukan berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi bulu babi, seperti bentuk tubuh, warna tubuh, warna duri dan panjang duri. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan 8 jenis bulu babi di lokasi penelitian yaitu Diadema setosum, Echinothrix calamaris, Astropyga radiata, Tripneustes gratilla, Mespillia globulus, Salmacis sphaeroides, Echinometra mathaei, dan E. oblonga. Bulu babi ini mendiami substrat yang berbeda-beda yaitu pasir, batu dan karang. Jenis-jenis yang dapat dikonsumsi adalah Diadema setosum, Echinothrix calamaris, Tripneustes gratilla dan Salmacis sphaeroides.
Efecto de ácido indol butírico sobre la propagación de tacaco (Sechium tacaco) mediante acodo aéreo
Authors: Monge Perez José Eladio , Loría-Coto Michelle 
Published: January 2024

Objetivos: evaluar el efecto de diferentes dosis de AIB sobre la propagación vegetativa de tacaco (Sechium tacaco) mediante acodos aéreos. Metodología: El ensayo se desarrolló en Fraijanes, Alajuela, en agosto-setiembre de 2017. Se evaluaron tres dosis de AIB (200, 600 y 1,800ppm) y un testigo con agua destilada. Se realizaron 10 acodos aéreos por cada tratamiento. Se evaluó el porcentaje de acodos vivos, y la producción de callo y de raíces en cada acodo. Resultados: El porcentaje de acodos vivos osciló entre 80 y 90% para todos los tratamientos. El porcentaje de producción de callo varió entre 44 y 75%. No hubo producción de raíces en ningún tratamiento. Conclusiones: El uso de AIB para la reproducción vegetativa del tacaco mediante acodos aéreos, no fue efectivo mediante la metodología ensayada en el presente trabajo.
p66Shc deficiency in CLL cells enhances PD-L1 expression and suppresses immune synapse formation
Authors: Lopresti Ludovica , Capitani Nagaja , Tatangelo Vanessa , Tangredi Carmela , Boncompagni Gioia , Frezzato Federica , Visentin Andrea , Marotta Giuseppe , Ciofini Sara , Gozzetti Alessandro , Bocchia Monica , Trentin Livio , Baldari Cosima T. , Patrussi Laura 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Escape from immunosurveillance is a hallmark of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. In the protective niche of lymphoid organs, leukemic cells suppress the ability of T lymphocytes to form the immune synapse (IS), thereby hampering T-cell mediated anti-tumoral activities. By binding its cognate receptor PD-1 at the surface of T lymphocytes, the inhibitory ligand PD-L1, which is overexpressed in CLL cells, mediates the T-cell suppressive activities of CLL cells. However, the molecular mechanism underlying PD-L1 overexpression in CLL cells remains unknown. We have previously reported a defective expression of the pro-apoptotic and pro-oxidant adaptor p66Shc in CLL cells, which is causally related to an impairment in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and to the activation of the ROS-sensitive transcription factor NF-κB. The fact that PD-L1 expression is regulated by NF-κB suggests a mechanistic relationship between p66Shc deficiency and PD-L1 overexpression in CLL cells.Methods: 62 treatment-naive CLL patients and 43 healthy donors were included in this study. PD-L1 and p66Shc expression was quantified in B cells by flow cytometry and qRT-PCR. IS architecture and local signaling was assessed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. CD8+ cell killing activity was assessed by flow cytometry.Results: Here we show that residual p66Shc expression in leukemic cells isolated both from CLL patients and from the CLL mouse model Eμ-TCL1 inversely correlated with PD-L1 expression. We also show that the PD-L1 increase prevented leukemic cells from forming ISs with T lymphocytes. Reconstitution of p66Shc, but not of a ROS-defective mutant, in both CLL cells and the CLL-derived cell line MEC-1, enhanced intracellular ROS and decreased PD-L1 expression. Similar results were obtained following treatment of CLL cells with H2O2 as exogenous source of ROS, that normalized PD-L1 expression and recovered IS formation.Discussion: Our data provide direct evidence that the p66Shc-deficiency-related ROS depletion in CLL cells concurs to enhance PD-L1 expression and provides a mechanistic basis for the suppression of T cell-mediated anti-tumoral functions in the immunosuppressive lymphoid niche.
Co-expression patterns of cancer associated fibroblast markers reveal distinct subgroups related to patient survival in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lyu Su Ir , Johannsen Jannik , Simon Adrian Georg , Knipper Karl , Wuerdemann Nora , Sharma Shachi Jenny , Thelen Martin , Hansen Kevin Karl , Fretter Caroline , Klasen Charlotte , Esser Julia , Suchan Malte Christian , Abing Helen , Zimmermann Philipp Heinrich , Schultheis Anne Maria , Schloesser Hans Anton , Klussmann Jens Peter , Quaas Alexander , Eckel Hans Nikolaus Caspar 
Published: January 2024

Background: The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is rapidly increasing in high income countries due to its association with persistent high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Recent scientific advances have highlighted the importance of the tumor microenvironment in OPSCC. In this study, including 216 OPSCC patients, we analyze the composition of four established markers of cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the context of intratumoral CD8 T-cell infiltration.Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for fibroblast activation protein (FAP), platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRb), periostin, alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and CD8 were analyzed digitally and their association with survival, tumor- and patient characteristics was assessed.Results: Co-expression of CAF markers was frequent but not associated with HPV status. FAPhigh and PDGFRbhigh expression were associated with increased CD8 T-cell infiltration. Low expression of PDGFRb improved patient survival in female patients but not in male patients. We identified PDGFRblow periostinlow α-SMAlow status as an independent predictor of improved survival (hazard ratio 0.377, p = 0.006).Conclusion: These findings elucidate the co-expression of four established CAF markers in OPSCC and underscore their association with T-cell infiltration and patient survival. Future analyses of CAF subgroups in OPSCC may enable the development of individualized therapies.
The antibacterial activity and mechanism of a novel peptide MR-22 against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli
Authors: Tian Chunren , Zhao Na , Yang Longbing , Lin Fei , Cai Ruxia , Zhang Yong , Peng Jian , Guo Guo 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionBacterial infections have become serious threats to human health, and the excessive use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. E. coli is a human bacterial pathogen, which can cause severe infectious. Antimicrobial peptides are considered the most promising alternative to traditional antibiotics.Materials and methodsThe minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and hemolytic activity were determined by the microdilution method. The antimicrobial kinetics of MR-22 against E. coli were studied by growth curves and time-killing curves. The cytotoxicity of MR-22 was detected by the CCK-8 assay. The antimicrobial activity of MR-22 in salt, serum, heat and trypsin was determined by the microdilution method. The antimicrobial mechanism of MR-22 against drug-resistant E. coli was studied by Scanning Electron Microscope, laser confocal microscopy, and Flow Cytometry. The in vivo antibacterial activity of MR-22 was evaluated by the mice model of peritonitis.Results and discussionIn this study, MR-22 is a new antimicrobial peptide with good activity that has demonstrated against MDR E. coli. The antimicrobial activity of MR-22 exhibited stability under conditions of high temperature, 10% FBS, and Ca2+. However, a decline of the activity was observed in the presence of Na+, serum, and trypsin. MR-22 had no significant cytotoxicity or hemolysis in vitro. SEM and fluorescent images revealed that MR-22 could disrupt the integrity of cell membrane. DCFH-DA indicated that MR-22 increased the content of reactive oxygen species, while it decreased the content of intracellular ATP. In mice model of peritonitis, MR-22 exhibited potent antibacterial activity in vivo. These results indicated that MR-22 is a potential drug candidate against drug-resistant E. coli.
Aortic arch branch-prioritized reconstruction for type A aortic dissection surgery
Authors: Gao Jianfeng , Yan Jie , Duan Yanyu , Yu Junjian , Li Wentong , Luo Zhifang , Yu Wenbo , Xie Dilin , Liu Ziyou , Xiong Jianxian 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundAcute Stanford type A aortic dissection (STAAD) is a fatal condition requiring urgent surgical intervention. Owing to the complexity of the surgical process, various complications, such as neurological disorders, are common. In this study, we prioritized the reconstruction of aortic arch branches during surgery and investigated the association between prioritizing the branches and the postoperative outcomes of patients with STAAD.MethodsNinety-seven patients were included in the observational study and underwent total arch replacement and frozen elephant trunk technique between January 2018 and June 2021. Of these, 35 patients underwent the branch-priority technique, and 62 patients underwent the classic technique. By analyzing the perioperative outcomes, we compared the differences between the two techniques.ResultsThe branch priority group had significantly shorter cardiopulmonary bypass and ventilator times and earlier postoperative wake-up times than the classic group. Additionally, the ICU stay time was shorter, with a significant decrease in neurological complications and 24 h drainage in the branch priority group compared to the classic group.ConclusionThe branch priority technique can effectively provide better brain protection, resulting in earlier awakening of patients after surgery, reduced neurological complications, shorter ventilation time and decreased ICU hospitalization time. Therefore, it is recommended for use in aortic dissection surgeries.
Reservoir landslide monitoring and mechanism analysis based on UAV photogrammetry and sub-pixel offset tracking: a case study of Wulipo landslide
Authors: Li Zhi-Hai , Jiang Nan , Shi An-Chi , Zhao Liu-Yuan , Xian Zhao , Luo Xiang-Long , Li Hai-Bo , Zhou Jia-Wen 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Reservoir landslides undergo large deformations during the early stages of impoundment and maintain long-term persistent deformations during the operational period of the reservoir. The management of reservoir landslides mostly focuses on the early identification, risk assessment during the large deformations, and long-sequence monitoring during long-term persistent deformations, which requires sufficient continuity and integrity of the landslide monitoring data.Methods: Taking the Wulipo (WLP) landslide in Baihetan Reservoir as example, this paper proposes a reservoir landslide monitoring method that integrates field survey, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) monitoring, which can effectively eliminate the practical monitoring gaps between multiple monitoring methods and improve the continuity and completeness of monitoring data.Results and discussion: First, this study determined the initiation time of the landslide through the field investigation and collected five period of UAV data to analyze the overall displacement vector of the WLP landslide using sub-pixel offset tracking (SPOT). On the basis of the above data, we compensated for the missing data in GNSS system due to the practical monitoring vacancies by combining the field survey and the landslide-water level relationship. Based on these monitoring data, this paper points out that the WLP landslide is a buoyancy-driven landslide, and whether or not accelerated deformation will occur is related to the maximum reservoir water level. Finally, this study analyzed and discussed the applicability of UAV photogrammetry for reservoir landslide monitoring in the absence of ground control points (GCPs), and concluded that this method can be quickly and flexibly applied to the stage of large deformation of reservoir landslides.
Cloning, distribution, and effects of growth regulation of MC3R and MC4R in red crucian carp (Carassius auratus red var.)
Authors: Huang Lu , Deng Xin , Yang Xiangqiong , Tang Zhong , Fan Siyu , Zhou Zhifeng , Tao Min , Liu Shaojun 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundMelanocortin-3 and -4 receptors (MC3R and MC4R), G protein-coupled receptors, play vital roles in the regulation of energy homeostasis. To understand the functions of mc3r and mc4r in the energy homeostasis of red crucian carp (Carassius auratus red var., RCC), we cloned mc3r and mc4r, analyzed the tissue expression and localization of the genes, and investigated the effects of knockout of mc3r (mc3r+/-) and mc4r (mc4r+/-) in RCC. ResultsThe full-length cDNAs of RCC mc3r and mc4r were 1459 base pairs (bp) and 1894 bp, respectively. qRT-PCR indicated that mc3r and mc4r were profusely expressed in the brain, but lower expressed in the periphery tissues. ISH revealed that mc3r and mc4r were located in NPP, NPO, NAPv, NSC, NAT, NRL, NLTl, and NLTp of the brain, suggesting that mc3r and mc4r might regulate many physiological and behavioral aspects in RCC. To further verify the roles of mc3r and mc4r in energy homeostasis, the mc3r+/- and mc4r+/- fish were obtained by the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The average body weights, total lengths, body depths, and food intake of mc4r+/- fish were significantly higher than those of mc3r+/- and the normal wild-type (WT) fish, but there was no difference between the mc3r+/- and WT fish, indicating that the RCC phenotype and food intake were mainly influenced by mc4r but not mc3r. Interestingly, mc4r+/- fish displayed more visceral fat mass than mc3r+/- and WT fish, and mc3r+/- fish also exhibited slightly more visceral fat mass compared to WT. RNA-seq of the liver and muscle revealed that a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) differed in WT vs. mc3r+/-, WT vs. mc4r+/-, and mc3r+/- vs. mc4r+/-, mainly related to lipid, glucose, and energy metabolism. The KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly enriched in pathways such as steroid biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, wnt signaling pathway, PPAR signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway, thereby affecting lipid accumulation and growth. ConclusionIn conclusion, these results will assist in the further investigation of the molecular mechanisms in which MC3R and MC4R were involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis in fish.
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a selective review of pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies
Authors: Habibullah Mohammad , Jemmieh Khaleed , Ouda Amr , Haider Mohammad Zulqurnain , Malki Mohammed Imad , Elzouki Abdel-Naser 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundMetabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a novel terminology introduced in 2020 to provide a more accurate description of fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction. It replaces the outdated term nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and aims to improve diagnostic criteria and tailored treatment strategies for the disease. NAFLD, the most prevalent liver disease in western industrialized nations, has been steadily increasing in prevalence and is associated with serious complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is also linked to insulin resistance syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. However, current studies on NAFLD have limitations in meeting necessary histological endpoints.ObjectiveThis literature review aims to consolidate recent knowledge and discoveries concerning MAFLD, integrating the diverse aspects of the disease. Specifically, it focuses on analyzing the diagnostic criteria for MAFLD, differentiating it from NAFLD and alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), and exploring the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, and management approaches associated with MAFLD. The review also explores the associations between MAFLD and other conditions. It discusses the heightened mortality risk associated with MAFLD and its link to chronic kidney disease (CKD), showing that MAFLD exhibits enhanced diagnostic accuracy for identifying patients with CKD compared to NAFLD. The association between MAFLD and incident/prevalent CKD is supported by cohort studies and meta-analyses.ConclusionThis literature review highlights the importance of MAFLD as a distinct terminology for fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction. The review provides insights into the diagnostic criteria, associations with CKD, and management approaches for MAFLD. Further research is needed to develop more accurate diagnostic tools for advanced fibrosis in MAFLD and to explore the underlying mechanisms linking MAFLD with other conditions. This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and healthcare professionals seeking a comprehensive understanding of MAFLD.