bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact ofPGPRinoculation on root morphological traits and root exudation in rapeseed and camelina: interactions with heat stress
Authors: Delamare Jérémy , Brunel‐Muguet Sophie , Boukerb Amine M. , Bressan Mélanie , Dumas Lucien , Firmin Stéphane , Leroy Fanny , Morvan‐Bertrand Annette , Prigent‐Combaret Claire , Personeni Emmanuelle 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRoot exudation is involved in the recruitment of beneficial microorganisms by trophic relationships and/or signalling pathways. Among beneficial microorganisms, Plant Growth‐Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) are known to improve plant growth and stress resistance. These interactions are of particular importance for species that do not interact with mycorrhizal fungi, such as rapeseed (Brassica napusL.) and camelina (Camelina sativa(L.) Crantz). However, heat stress is known to have a quantitative and qualitative impact on root exudation and could affect the interactions between plants and PGPR. We aimed to analyse the effects of PGPR inoculation on root morphology and exudation in rapeseed and camelina at the reproductive stage. The modulation of the effects of these interactions under heat stress was also investigated. The plants were inoculated twice at the reproductive stage with two differentPseudomonasspecies and were exposed to heat stress after the second inoculation. In non‐stressing conditions, after bacterial inoculation, rapeseed and camelina exhibited two contrasting behaviours in C root allocation. While rapeseed plants seemed to suffer from the interactions with the bacteria, camelina plants appeared to control the relationship with the PGPR by modifying the composition of their root exudates. Under heat stress, the plant‐PGPR interaction was unbalanced for rapeseed, for which the C allocation strategy is mainly driven by the C cost from the bacteria. Alternatively, camelina plants prioritized C allocation for their own above‐ground development. This work opens up new perspectives for understanding plant‐PGPR interactions, especially in an abiotic stress context.
Indications and surgical technique for distraction osteogenesis of the alveolar bone for augmentation prior to insertion of dental implants
Authors: Nickenig Hans‐Joachim , Zöller Joachim E. , Kreppel Matthias 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhen bone is limited, short, ultra‐short, or narrow implants help to restore oral rehabilitation with an acceptable long‐term outcome. This becomes more difficult with severe vertical bone loss. Guided bone regeneration, onlay block transplantation, or sandwich osteotomy have been established to build up these defects. The alternative to the alveolar distraction osteogenesis (ADO) has only been established in some centers, with a standardized protocol. On the one hand, ADO is a biological procedure that allows almost a “restitutio ad integrum” when building up hard and soft tissue. On the other hand, there are clear indications, limitations, and complications of the procedure in the literature. In addition to the literature, concept of Tissue Regeneration by Alveolar Callusdistraction Cologne (TRACC), which has been practiced successfully for over two decades, will be presented for different indications.
Reconfiguration of the costly punishment network architecture in punishment decision‐making
Authors: Li Ting , Feng Chunliang , Wang Jinhui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHuman costly punishment is rooted in multiple regions across large‐scale functional systems, a collection of which constitutes the costly punishment network (CPN). Our previous study found that the CPN is intrinsically organized in an optimized and reliable manner to support individual costly punishment propensity. However, it remains unknown how the CPN is reconfigured in response to external cognitive demands in punishment decision‐making. Here, we combined resting‐state and task‐functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the task‐related reconfigurations of intrinsic organizations of the CPN when participants made decisions of costly punishment in the Ultimatum Game. Although a strong consistency was observed in the overall pattern and each nodal profile between the intrinsic (task‐free) and extrinsic (task‐evoked) functional connectivity of the CPN, condition‐general and condition‐specific reconfigurations were also evident. Specifically, both unfair and fair conditions induced increases in functional connectivity between a few specific pairs of regions, and the unfair condition additionally induced increases in network efficiency of the CPN. Intriguingly, the specific changes in global efficiency of the CPN in the unfair condition were associated with individual differences in costly punishment after adjusting for the corresponding results in the fair condition, which were further identified for females but not for males. These findings were largely reproducible on independent samples. Collectively, our findings provide novel insights into how the CPN adaptively reconfigures its network architecture to support costly punishment.
Non‐invasive vagus nerve stimulation and the motivation to work for rewards: A replication of Neuser et al. (2020, Nature Communications)
Authors: Lucchi Federica , Lloyd Beth , Nieuwenhuis Sander 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe vagus nerve is thought to be involved in the allostatic regulation of motivation and energy metabolism via gut‐brain interactions. A recent study by Neuser and colleagues (2020) provided novel evidence for this process in humans, by reporting a positive effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on the invigoration of reward‐seeking behaviors, especially for food rewards. We conducted an independent direct replication of Neuser et al. (2020), to assess the robustness of their findings. Following the original study, we used a single‐blind, sham‐controlled, randomized cross‐over design. We applied left‐sided taVNS in healthy human volunteers (n = 40), while they performed an effort allocation task in which they had to work for monetary and food rewards. The replication study was purely confirmatory in that it strictly followed the analysis plans and scripts used by Neuser et al. Although, in line with Neuser et al., we found strong effects of task variables on effort invigoration and effort maintenance, we failed to replicate their key finding: taVNS did not increase the strength of invigoration (p = .62); the data were five times more likely (BF10 = 0.19) under the null hypothesis. We also found substantial evidence against an effect of taVNS on effort maintenance (p = .50; BF10 = 0.20). Our results provide evidence against the idea that left‐sided taVNS boosts the motivational drive to work for rewards. Our study also highlights the need for direct replications of influential taVNS studies.
The effect of organic matter amendments on soil surface stability in conventionally cultivated arable fields
Authors: Stroud Jacqueline L. , Kemp Simon J. , Sturrock Craig J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, new and traditional organic wastes (green waste compost, farmyard manure (FYM), anaerobic digestate or straw) were ploughed into an arable field experiment at a range of rates (1–3 t C ha−1) and under spring and winter cropping rotations for 5 years. The stability of the soil surface structure (<5 cm) was assessed in Years 3, 4 and 5 to guide the use of organic wastes in arable field management. Aggregate stability was determined by immersing each soil sample in water (fast‐wetting test, relevance to summer storms) and measuring the size distribution of the aggregates (mean weight diameter, MWD). The MWD value was compared with the different classes of aggregate stability (very stable, stable, medium, unstable or very unstable) to classify each result. All the arable field samples were classified as unstable, and there were no significant differences (p > .05) in MWD after any treatment. Potentially, this approach is too imprecise to detect differences, so pore‐scale analyses using CT scanning were used. There were no significant differences in porosity or pore shape (features associated with microbial activity) between the control and organic waste treatments. The results contradicted published data from the Broadbalk experiment (established in 1843), which was the basis for this study, so its soils were studied to understand this discrepancy. Broadbalk soils were classified as unstable, including soils treated with annual FYM applications. Instead, we found a significant relationship between MWD and clay content and previous interpretations had not taken this variable (23%–39% clay content) texture into consideration. In conclusion, to achieve a stable soil surface structure, a 150% improvement in aggregate stability would be needed here and ploughing in organic wastes was not a successful management approach on these arable field experiments.
Slaying the “Troll of Transplantation”—new frontiers in cytomegalovirus management: A report from the CMV International Symposium 2023
Authors: Kotton Camille N. , Torre‐Cisneros Julian , Yakoub‐Agha Ibrahim ,   The CMV International Symposium Faculty
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe 2023 International CMV Symposium took place in Barcelona in May 2023. During the 2‐day meeting, delegates and faculty discussed the ongoing challenge of managing the risk of cytomegalovirus infection (the Troll of Transplantation) after solid organ or hematopoietic cell transplantation. Opportunities to improve outcomes of transplant recipients by applying advances in antiviral prophylaxis or pre‐emptive therapy, immunotherapy, and monitoring of cell‐mediated immunity to routine clinical practice were debated and relevant educational clinical cases presented. This review summarizes the presentations, cases, and discussions from the meeting and describes how further advances are needed before the Troll of Transplantation is slain.
image
Suspected intermediate syndrome in a dog after organophosphate poisoning
Authors: Schmid Renee D. , Lombardo Deanna , Hovda Lynn R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo discuss the clinical presentation and successful treatment of a suspected case of intermediate syndrome due to organophosphate (OP) poisoning in a dog.Case summaryTwo dogs presented with acute cholinergic signs after ingesting an OP insecticide containing 50% acephate. Clinical signs consistent with acute cholinergic crisis resolved in both dogs within 24 hours postingestion. One dog developed an onset of neurological signs consistent with intermediate syndrome approximately 24 hours postingestion. This patient's clinical signs resolved with the use of pralidoxime chloride.New or Unique Information ProvidedOP poisoning most commonly presents as an acute cholinergic crisis, with rare instances of animals developing intermediate syndrome. Few reports of successful treatment and recovery from intermediate syndrome exist in the veterinary literature, particularly with instances in which 2 dogs within the same exposure setting were treated for acute cholinergic signs and only 1 progressed to an intermediate syndrome. This report also highlights the importance of early intervention with pralidoxime chloride prior to the onset of aging.
An upper bound on the mean value of the Erdős–Hooley Delta function
Authors: Koukoulopoulos Dimitris , Tao Terence 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Erdős–Hooley Delta function is defined for as . We prove that for all . This improves on earlier work of Hooley, Hall–Tenenbaum, and La Bretèche–Tenenbaum.
An individual's skin stiffness predicts their tactile discrimination of compliance
Authors: Li Bingxu , Gerling Gregory J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIndividual differences in tactile acuity have been correlated with age, gender and finger size, whereas the role of the skin's stiffness has been underexplored. Using an approach to image the 3‐D deformation of the skin surface during contact with transparent elastic objects, we evaluate a cohort of 40 young participants, who present a diverse range of finger size, skin stiffness and fingerprint ridge breadth. The results indicate that skin stiffness generally correlates with finger size, although individuals with relatively softer skin can better discriminate compliant objects. Analysis of contact at the skin surface reveals that softer skin generates more prominent patterns of deformation, in particular greater rates of change in contact area, which correlate with higher rates of perceptual discrimination of compliance, regardless of finger size. Moreover, upon applying hyaluronic acid to soften individuals’ skin, we observe immediate, marked and systematic changes in skin deformation and consequent improvements in perceptual acuity in differentiating compliance. Together, the combination of 3‐D imaging of the skin surface, biomechanics measurements, multivariate regression and clustering, and psychophysical experiments show that subtle distinctions in skin stiffness modulate the mechanical signalling of touch and shape individual differences in perceptual acuity.imageKey pointsAlthough declines in tactile acuity with ageing are a function of multiple factors, for younger people, the current working hypothesis has been that smaller fingers are better at informing perceptual discrimination because of a higher density of neural afferents.To decouple relative impacts on tactile acuity of skin properties of finger size, skin stiffness, and fingerprint ridge breadth, we combined 3‐D imaging of skin surface deformation, biomechanical measurements, multivariate regression and clustering, and psychophysics.The results indicate that skin stiffness generally correlates with finger size, although it more robustly correlates with and predicts an individual's perceptual acuity.In particular, more elastic skin generates higher rates of deformation, which correlate with perceptual discrimination, shown most dramatically by softening each participant's skin with hyaluronic acid.In refining the current working hypothesis, we show the skin's stiffness strongly shapes the signalling of touch and modulates individual differences in perceptual acuity.
Human mRNA in saliva can correctly identify individuals harboring acute infection
Authors: Yang Qing , Meyerson Nicholas R. , Paige Camille L. , Morrison James H. , Clark Stephen K. , Fattor Will T. , Decker Carolyn J. , Steiner Halley R. , Lian Elena , Larremore Daniel B. , Perera Rushika , Poeschla Eric M. , Parker Roy , Dowell Robin D. , Sawyer Sara L. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the poor ability of body temperature to reliably identify SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals, an observation that has been made before in the context of other infectious diseases. While acute infection does not always cause fever, it does reliably drive host transcriptional responses as the body responds at the site of infection. These transcriptional changes can occur both in cells that are directly harboring replicating pathogens and in cells elsewhere that receive a molecular signal that infection is occurring. Here, we identify a core set of approximately 70 human genes that are together upregulated in cultured human cells infected by a broad array of viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens. We have named these “core response” genes. In theory, transcripts from these genes could serve as biomarkers of infection in the human body, in a way that is agnostic to the specific pathogen causing infection. As such, we perform human studies to show that these infection-induced human transcripts can be measured in the saliva of people harboring different types of infections. The number of these transcripts in saliva can correctly classify infection status (whether a person harbors an infection) 91% of the time. Furthermore, in the case of SARS-CoV-2 specifically, the number of core response transcripts in saliva correctly identifies infectious individuals even when enrollees, themselves, are asymptomatic and do not know they are infected.

IMPORTANCE
There are a variety of clinical and laboratory criteria available to clinicians in controlled healthcare settings to help them identify whether an infectious disease is present. However, in situations such as a new epidemic caused by an unknown infectious agent, in health screening contexts performed within communities and outside of healthcare facilities or in battlefield or potential biowarfare situations, this gets more difficult. Pathogen-agnostic methods for rapid screening and triage of large numbers of people for infection status are needed, in particular methods that might work on an easily accessible biospecimen like saliva. Here, we identify a small, core set of approximately 70 human genes whose transcripts serve as saliva-based biomarkers of infection in the human body, in a way that is agnostic to the specific pathogen causing infection.
Active surveillance for carbapenem-resistant
Acinetobacter baumannii
(CRAB) carriage
Authors: Nutman Amir , Levi Gabrielle D. , Keren-Paz Alona , Schwartz David , Masarwa Samira , Schechner Vered , Carmeli Yehuda 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Carbapenem-resistant
Acinetobacter baumannii
(CRAB) poses a significant threat in healthcare settings, necessitating robust infection control measures. To identify the most effective sampling method for CRAB carriage detection, we conducted a comparative analysis between skin sampling using a pre-moistened sponge, rectal swabs, and respiratory specimens. Our study encompassed both acute care and post-acute care hospitals. The results revealed that the skin sponge method, when plated on selective chromogenic media, demonstrated the highest sensitivity, exceeding 90% in both settings. Conversely, the commonly employed methods of rectal swabs and respiratory samples combined to exhibit sensitivity levels below 40%. Based on these findings, we recommend implementing the skin sponge method as the preferred approach for CRAB screening in healthcare facilities. This recommendation aims to optimize infection control strategies and mitigate the spread of CRAB in healthcare settings.

IMPORTANCE

Our study’s results provide promising evidence for the incorporation of a high-sensitivity carbapenem-resistant
Acinetobacter baumannii
(CRAB) screening method in healthcare settings. Such an approach could prove beneficial in enhancing infection prevention and control measures, leading to improved patient outcomes and potentially alleviating the burden of CRAB in healthcare systems.
INT$${}^{{-}}$$ Contribution to Form Factors of $${K^{+}\to\mu^{+}\nu_{\mu}\gamma}$$ Decay in OKA Experiment
Authors: Kravtsov V. I. , Kurshetsov V. F. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A new precise measurement of the vector and axial-vector form factor difference $$F_{V}-F_{A}$$ in the $$K^{+}\to\mu^{+}\nu_{\mu}\gamma$$ decay is presented. About 144 K events of $$K^{+}\to\mu^{+}\nu_{\mu}\gamma$$ are selected in the OKA experiment. The result is $$F_{V}-F_{A}=0.135$$$$\pm$$ 0.017(stat) $$\pm$$ 0.024(syst). The number of events is about 1.5 times higher and both errors are smaller than last published OKA result. The presented result is considered as preliminary.
Neutrino Mass Matrix in Neutrino-Related Processes
Authors: Krivoruchenko M. I. , Šimkovic F. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Techniques are developed for constructing amplitudes of neutrino-related processes in terms of the neutrino mass matrix, with no reference to the neutrino mixing matrix. The amplitudes of neutrino oscillations in vacuum and medium, quasi-elastic neutrino scattering, $$\beta$$ decays and double-$$\beta$$ decays are considered. The proposed approach makes extensive use of Frobenius covariants within the framework of Sylvester’s theorem on matrix functions. The in-medium dispersion laws are found in quadratures for three flavors of Majorana neutrinos as an application of the developed formalism. The in-medium dispersion laws for Dirac neutrinos can be determined in the general case by searching for the roots of a polynomial of degree 6. In the rest frame of baryonic matter, the minimum energy of both Majorana and Dirac neutrinos is achieved at a neutrino momentum equal to half the mean-field potential. In such cases, Dirac neutrinos occupy a hollow Fermi sphere at zero temperature and low chemical potentials. Fitting experimental data in terms of the neutrino mass matrix can provide better statistical accuracy in determining the neutrino mass matrix compared to methods using the neutrino mixing matrix at intermediate stages.
Explaining paranoia: cognitive and social processes in the occurrence of extreme mistrust
Authors: Freeman Daniel , Loe Bao Sheng 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundParanoia—incorrectly thinking that others are deliberating trying to harm you—causes distress, undermines social interactions and leads to withdrawal. It presents across multiple psychiatric diagnoses.ObjectiveThe primary aim was to determine the extent that cognitive and social processes may explain paranoia. The secondary aim was to identify explanatory factors that distinguished paranoia and social anxiety.Methods10 382 UK adults, quota sampled to match the population for age, gender, ethnicity, income and region, participated in a non-probability survey. All participants completed a paranoia measure and assessments of cognitive and social processes. Structural equation modelling was conducted.Findings2586 (24.9%) participants described being mistrustful of other people. 1756 (16.9%) participants wanted help to trust more. 66.7% of variance in paranoia was explained by a model comprising (in descending order of importance): within-situation defence behaviours, negative images, negative self-beliefs, discrimination, dissociation, aberrant salience, anxiety sensitivity, agoraphobic distress, worry, less social support, agoraphobic avoidance, less analytical reasoning and alcohol use. All explanatory factors were associated with paranoia and social anxiety. Ten factors were more closely associated with paranoia than social anxiety, including discrimination, hallucinations, negative images, aberrant salience and alcohol use. Nine factors were more closely associated with social anxiety, including less positive self-belief, an external locus of control, worry and less analytical reasoning.ConclusionsMultiple causes are likely to be involved in paranoia. Cognitive and social processes may explain a high degree of paranoia.Clinical implicationsMultiple clear targets for intervention to reduce paranoia are identified.
‘The burden of wanting to make it right’: thematic analysis of semistructured interviews to explore experiences of planning for crisis standards of care and ventilator allocation during the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA
Authors: MacMartin Meredith , Zeng Alison , Chelen Julia , Barnato Amber , Chuang Elizabeth 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic prompted planning for clinical surges and associated resource shortages, particularly of equipment such as ventilators. We sought to examine the experience of the healthcare professionals who created policies for crisis standards of care, and allocation of ventilators in the event of shortage.DesignTo that end, we conducted semistructured interviews with healthcare professionals in the USA involved in institutional planning for resource shortages in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic.SettingUSA.ParticipantsWe conducted 25 interviews between May and July 2021. Half of the respondents were female (48%), many from Northeastern institutions (52%), and most practised in academic institutions (92%).ResultsMany (64%) respondents reported that their institution had an approved policy to guide ventilator allocation in the event of a shortage. We identified one overarching theme: the work of planning for resource shortages imposed a psychological burden on many planners. We identified four subthemes that influenced that burden: impact of leadership, institutional variation in process and policies, faith in the policies and future directions.ConclusionsImproved leadership strategies and cross-institutional collaboration can reduce the psychological burden of planning and facilitate updating plans in anticipation of future shortages.