bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of long-term cervical extensor exercise program on functional disability, pain intensity, range of motion, cervical muscle mass, and cervical curvature in young adult population with chronic non-specific neck pain: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Yao , Lin Wancheng , Yi Meng , Song Jipeng , Ding Lixiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of chronic non-specific neck pain (CNNP) is on the rise among the young adult population. We herein aimed to compare the effects of long-term specific cervical extensor training and stretching exercises on improving this chronic disorder in young adults.

Methods
In this prospective, randomized, controlled study, 70 participants aged 18–35 years with CNNP and cervical lordosis loss were included. The participants were assigned to undergo either specific cervical extensor training (observation group) or perform usual stretching exercises (control group). The exercise duration was set at 12 months, with 9 months at the clinic and 3 months at home. The outcome assessments included changes in the neck disability index, visual analog scale from baseline, cervical range of motion (CROM), cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of cervical extensors, and cervical curvature from baseline. The outcome measures were compared between groups at 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up.

Results
All 70 participants underwent randomization, and no significant differences in demographics and baseline data were found between the two groups. The observation group showed a greater improvement in neck disability index and visual analog scale scores at the 12-month follow-up than the control group. Additionally, a more substantial increase in CROM and CSAs of cervical extensors was observed in the observation group at the 6-month and 12-month follow-ups (P < 0.05). Although more participants in the observation group achieved cervical lordosis at the 12-month follow-up, the difference was marginally nonsignificant (9% in the control group vs. 28% in the observation group, P = 0.075).

Conclusions
In young adults with CNNP, long-term specific cervical extensor training was associated with a more significant clinically meaningful improvement in disability, pain, and CROM than stretching exercises. The increased CSAs of cervical extensors may potentially contribute to the restoration of cervical lordosis.
Trial registration The study is registered at the Chinese domestic clinical trial (ChiCTR2000040009) at Chictr.org. The date of registration: November 18, 2020.
Fusion with and without lever reduction in degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: a retrospective study
Authors: Kong Chao , Wang Dongfan , Wang Wei , Wang Yu , Lu Shibao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The reduction of slipped vertebra is often performed during surgery for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS). This approach, while potentially improving clinical and radiological outcomes, also carries a risk of increased complications due to the reduction process. To address this, we introduced an innovative lever reduction technique for DLS treatment. This study aims to investigate the clinical efficacy, radiological outcomes, and complications of fusion with or without lever reduction.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of prospectively collected data from a registry of patients who underwent lumbar fusion surgery for DLS, with a follow-up of at least 24 months. Self-reported measures included visual analog scale (VAS) for back or leg pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and the achievement of minimal clinically important difference (MCID). Radiological assessments encompassed spondylolisthesis percentage (SP), focal lordosis (FL), and lumbar lordosis (LL). Complications were categorized using the modified Clavien–Dindo classification (MCDC) scheme. Patients were assigned to the reduction group (RG) and non-reduction group (NRG) based on the application of the lever reduction technique. Clinical and radiological outcomes at baseline, immediately after surgery, and at the last follow-up were compared.

Results
A total of 281 patients were analyzed (123 NRG, 158 RG). Baseline patient demographics, comorbidities, and surgical characteristics were similarly distributed between groups except for operating time (NRG 129.25 min, RG 138.04 min, P = .009). Both groups exhibited significant clinical improvement after surgery (all, P = .000), with no substantial difference between groups (VAS, ODI, or the ability to reach MCID). Patients in RG showed statistically lower SP and higher FL during follow-up (all, P = .000). LL was comparable at different time points within each group or at the same time point between the two groups (all, P > .050). The overall complication rate (NRG 38.2%, RG 27.2%, P = .050) or specific complication rates per MCDC were similar between groups (all, P > .050). Patients in RG were predisposed to a lower risk of adjacent segment degeneration (ASDeg) (NRG 9.8%, RG 6.3%, P = .035).

Conclusions
There were no significant differences in postoperative measures such as VAS scores for back and leg pain, ODI, the ability to reach MCID, overall complication rate, or specific complication rates per MCDC between surgical approaches. However, fusion with lever reduction demonstrated a notable advantage in restoring segmental spinal sagittal alignment and reducing the occurrence of ASDeg compared to in situ fusion.
Network meta-analysis of invasive treatment for early-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Li Yingchun , Ma Xiuying , Dong Bo , Li Yue , Liang Zhuang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a common disabling disease in orthopedics. Blocking the progression of ONFH in the early stage is essential for avoiding total hip replacement.

Purposes
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of invasive treatment on early-stage ONFH.

Methods
According to the PRISMA guidelines, relevant English databases were searched in August 2022 to collect published research. Extract result indicators and conduct network meta-analysis using R software.

Results
A total of 15 RCTs were included. All patients were diagnosed with early-stage ONFH. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) showed that CD + BMMSC and CD + PRP were the most effective in improving HHS. The results of the league table showed that CD + BMMSC was superior to CD alone. Meanwhile, the SUCRA for FR showed that CD + BG + BMMSC was the most likely to be the most effective in reducing FR. The league table revealed that CD + BG, CD + BG + BMMSC, and CD + BMMSC were superior to CD alone, with statistically significant differences.

Conclusion
Considering the HHS and FR, CD + BMMSC may be the optimal treatment option to effectively delay the progression of ONFH and restore the postoperative function of patients.
Registration Number: The study protocol has been registered on the PROSPERO platform (CRD42023380169).
Research progress in the management of vascular disease with cannabidiol: a review
Authors: Guo Yilong , Wei Ren , Deng Jianqing , Guo Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe morbidity and mortality rates associated with vascular disease (VD) have been gradually increasing. Currently, the most common treatment for VD is surgery, with the progress in drug therapy remaining slow. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a natural extract of Cannabis sativa L. with sedative, analgesic, and nonaddictive properties. CBD binds to 56 cardiovascular-related receptors and exerts extensive regulatory effects on the cardiovascular system, making it a potential pharmacological agent for the management of VD. However, most CBD studies have focused on neurological and cardiac diseases, and research on the management of VD with CBD is still rare. In this review, we summarize the currently available data on CBD in the management of VD, addressing four aspects: the major molecular targets of CBD in VD management, pharmacokinetic properties, therapeutic effects of CBD on common VDs, and side effects. The findings indicate that CBD has anti-anxiety, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammatory properties and can inhibit abnormal proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells; these effects suggest CBD as a therapeutic agent for atherosclerosis, stress-induced hypertension, diabetes-related vasculopathy, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and vascular damage caused by smoking and alcohol abuse. This study provides a theoretical basis for further research on CBD in the management of VD.
Forest carbon stock development following extreme drought-induced dieback of coniferous stands in Central Europe: a CBM-CFS3 model application
Authors: Cienciala Emil , Melichar Jan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
We analyze the forest carbon stock development following the recent historically unprecedented dieback of coniferous stands in the Czech Republic. The drought-induced bark-beetle infestation resulted in record-high sanitary logging and total harvest more than doubled from the previous period. It turned Czech forestry from a long-term carbon sink offsetting about 6% of the country's greenhouse gas emissions since 1990 to a significant source of CO2 emissions in recent years (2018–2021). In 2020, the forestry sector contributed nearly 10% to the country's overall GHG emissions. Using the nationally calibrated Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector (CBM-CFS3) at a regional (NUTS3) spatial resolution, we analyzed four scenarios of forest carbon stock development until 2070. Two critical points arise: the short-term prognosis for reducing current emissions from forestry and the implementation of adaptive forest management focused on tree species change and sustained carbon accumulation.

Results
This study used four different spruce forest dieback scenarios to assess the impact of adaptive forest management on the forest carbon stock change and CO2 emissions, tree species composition, harvest possibilities, and forest structure in response to the recent unprecedented calamitous dieback in the Czech Republic. The model analysis indicates that Czech forestry may stabilize by 2025 Subsequently, it may become a sustained sink of about 3 Mt CO2 eq./year (excluding the contribution of harvested wood products), while enhancing forest resilience by the gradual implementation of adaptation measures. The speed of adaptation is linked to harvest intensity and severity of the current calamity. Under the pessimistic Black scenario, the proportion of spruce stands declines from the current 43–20% by 2070, in favor of more suited tree species such as fir and broadleaves. These species would also constitute over 50% of the harvest potential, increasingly contributing to harvest levels like those generated by Czech forestry prior to the current calamity. The standing stock would only be recovered in 50 years under the optimistic Green scenario.

Conclusion
The results show progress of adaptive management by implementing tree species change and quantify the expected harvest and mitigation potential in Czech forestry until 2070.
Health systems resilience in fragile and conflict-affected settings: a systematic scoping review
Authors: Truppa Claudia , Yaacoub Sally , Valente Martina , Celentano Giulia , Ragazzoni Luca , Saulnier Dell 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Health systems resilience (HSR) research is a rapidly expanding field, in which key concepts are discussed and theoretical frameworks are emerging with vibrant debate. Fragile and conflict-affected settings (FCAS) are contexts exposed to compounding stressors, for which resilience is an important characteristic. However, only limited evidence has been generated in such settings. We conducted a scoping review to: (a) identify the conceptual frameworks of HSR used in the analysis of shocks and stressors in FCAS; (b) describe the representation of different actors involved in health care governance and service provision in these settings; and (c) identify health systems operations as they relate to absorption, adaptation, and transformation in FCAS.

Methods
We used standard, extensive search methods. The search captured studies published between 2006 and January 2022. We included all peer reviewed and grey literature that adopted a HSR lens in the analysis of health responses to crises. Thematic analysis using both inductive and deductive approaches was conducted, adopting frameworks related to resilience characteristics identified by Kruk et al., and the resilience capacities described by Blanchet et al.

Results
Thirty-seven studies met our inclusion criteria. The governance-centred, capacity-oriented framework for HSR emerged as the most frequently used lens of analysis to describe the health responses to conflict and chronic violence specifically. Most studies focused on public health systems’ resilience analysis, while the private health sector is only examined in complementarity with the former. Communities are minimally represented, despite their widely acknowledged role in supporting HSR. The documentation of operations enacting HSR in FCAS is focused on absorption and adaptation, while transformation is seldom described. Absorptive, adaptive, and transformative interventions are described across seven different domains: safety and security, society, health system governance, stocks and supplies, built environment, health care workforce, and health care services.

Conclusions
Our review findings suggest that the governance-centred framework can be useful to better understand HSR in FCAS. Future HSR research should document adaptive and transformative strategies that advance HSR, particularly in relation to actions intended to promote the safety and security of health systems, the built environment for health, and the adoption of a social justice lens.
Radiotherapy-activated NBTXR3 nanoparticles promote ferroptosis through induction of lysosomal membrane permeabilization
Authors: Da Silva Jordan , Bienassis Célia , Schmitt Peter , Berjaud Céline , Guedj Mickael , Paris Sébastien 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeRadiotherapy-activated NBTXR3 (NBTXR3 + RT) has demonstrated superior efficacy in cancer cell destruction and tumor growth control, compared to radiotherapy (RT), in preclinical and clinical settings. Previous studies highlighted the immunomodulatory properties of NBTXR3 + RT, such as modification of tumor cell immunogenicity/adjuvanticity, producing an effective local tumor control and abscopal effect, related to an enhanced antitumor immune response. Furthermore, NBTXR3 + RT has shown potential in restoring anti-PD1 efficacy in a refractory tumor model. However, the early events leading to these results, such as NBTXR3 endocytosis, intracellular trafficking and primary biological responses induced by NBTXR3 + RT remain poorly understood.MethodsWe analyzed by transmission electron microscopy endocytosis and intracellular localization of NBTXR3 nanoparticles after endocytosis in various cell lines, in vitro and in vivo. A kinetic of NBTXR3 endocytosis and its impact on lysosomes was conducted using LysoTracker staining, and a RNAseq analysis was performed. We investigated the ability of NBTXR3 + RT to induce lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and ferroptosis by analyzing lipid peroxidation. Additionally, we evaluated the recapture by cancer cells of NBTXR3 released from dead cells.ResultsNBTXR3 nanoparticles were rapidly internalized by cells mainly through macropinocytosis and in a less extend by clathrin-dependent endocytosis. NBTXR3-containing endosomes were then fused with lysosomes. The day following NBTXR3 addition, we measured a significant increase in LysoTracker lysosome labeling intensity, in vitro as in vivo. Following RT, a significant lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) was measured exclusively in cells treated with NBTXR3 + RT, while RT had no effect. The day post-irradiation, a significant increase in lipid peroxidation, a biomarker of ferroptosis, was measured with NBTXR3 + RT compared to RT. Moreover, we demonstrated that NBTXR3 nanoparticles released from dead cells can be recaptured by cancer cells.ConclusionsOur findings provide novel insights into the early and specific biological effects induced by NBTXR3 + RT, especially LMP, not induced by RT in our models. The subsequent significant increase in lipid peroxidation partially explains the enhanced cancer cell killing capacity of NBTXR3 + RT compared to RT, potentially by promoting ferroptosis. This study improves our understanding of the cellular mechanisms underlying NBTXR3 + RT and highlights its potential as an agnostic therapeutic strategy for solid cancers treatment.Graphical Abstract
Efficacy and Safety of Once-Weekly Insulin Regimes on Glycemic Control for Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Peng , Zhang Yu , Xu Wenhao , He Jialing , Peng Liyuan , Feng Yuning , Xu Ping , Chong Weelic , Hai Yang , Jia Lu , Fang Fang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Randomized controlled trials have found that once-weekly insulin resulted in greater glycemic control compared to once-daily insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, no direct comparisons have been made between different types of once-weekly insulin thus far. This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of the two most advanced once-weekly insulin analogues, namely insulin icodec and insulin Fc, in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
We conducted a thorough search in the databases PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The search included articles published from the beginning to October 10, 2023, with no language limitations. Our aim was to conduct a systematic review of randomized controlled trials that investigated the effectiveness and safety of once-weekly insulin in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Our primary outcome was to evaluate excellent glycemic control, defined as patients achieving glycated hemoglobin levels below 7%.

Results
We identified a total of 7 trials involving 2829 patients. The results showed that once-weekly insulin icodec is more effective than once-weekly insulin Fc (RR 1.59 [95% CI 1.08–2.38]), once-daily degludec (RR 1.43 [95% CI 1.14–1.83]), and once-daily glargine (RR 1.15 [95% CI 1.00-1.41]). Moreover, the incidence of severe hypoglycemia was lower with once-weekly insulin icodec compared to once-daily degludec (RR 0.00016 [95% CI 0 to 0.41]). However, no significant difference in the incidence of severe hypoglycemia was observed between once-weekly insulin icodec and once-daily glargine (RR 0.39 [95% CI 0.03 to 4.83]).

Conclusions
In patients with type 2 diabetes, once-weekly insulin icodec achieved superior glycemic control compared to once-weekly insulin Fc, with no significant difference in the occurrence of hypoglycemia. The ranking probability results have shown that one weekly icodec seems to be the preferred option in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Trial registration
PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42023470894.
Reliability of mixed dentition space analysis using a digital model obtained from an optical impression: a preliminary study
Authors: Okamoto Ayuko , Karibe Hiroyuki , Tanaka Satoshi , Kawakami Tomomi , Shinya Akikazu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
While mixed dentition space analysis is a common practice in pediatric dentistry, digital models created using an intraoral scanner are not as widely used in clinical settings. This preliminary study used a very small sample size with one reference model and aimed to (1) compare the accuracy of mixed dentition space analysis using a digital model obtained from an optical impression with that of conventional plaster model-based analysis and (2) assess inter-examiner differences.

Results
The space required for the mandibular permanent canine and premolars and arch length discrepancy were calculated using each model. The largest significant difference between plaster- and digital model-based analyses was identified when the right arch length discrepancy was considered (-0.49 mm; 95% confidence interval: -0.95–0.03); however, the value was considered clinically insignificant. Significant inter-examiner differences were observed for six items of the plaster model; however, no such differences were observed when using the digital model. In conclusion, digital model space analysis may have the same level of accuracy as conventional plaster model analysis and likely results in smaller inter-examiner differences than plaster model analysis.
Non-coding RNA in the gut of the blood-feeding parasitic worm, Haemonchus contortus
Authors: Zhou Caixian , Tuersong Waresi , Liu Lu , Di Wenda , He Li , Li Fangfang , Wang Chunqun , Hu Min 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe intestine of Haemonchus contortus is an essential tissue that has been indicated to be a major target for the prevention of haemonchosis caused by this parasitic nematode of small ruminants. Biological peculiarities of the intestine warrant in-depth exploitation, which can be leveraged for future disease control efforts. Here, we determined the intestinal ncRNA (lncRNA, circRNA and miRNA) atlas using whole-transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics approaches. In total, 4846 novel lncRNA, 982 circRNA, 96 miRNA (65 known and 31 novel) and 8821 mRNA were identified from the H. contortus intestine. The features of lncRNA, circRNA and miRNA were fully characterized. Comparison of miRNA from the intestines and extracellular vesicles supported the speculation that the miRNA from the latter were of intestinal origin in H. contortus. Further function analysis suggests that the cis-lncRNA targeted genes were involved in protein binding, intracellular anatomical structure, organelle and cellular process, whereas the circRNA parental genes were mainly enriched in molecular function categories, such as ribonucleotide binding, nucleotide binding, ATP binding and carbohydrate derivative binding. The miRNA target genes were related to the cellular process, cellular response to stimulus, cellular protein modification process and signal transduction. Moreover, competing endogenous RNA network analysis revealed that the majority of lncRNA, circRNA and mRNA only have one or two binding sites with specific miRNA. Lastly, randomly selected circRNA, lncRNA and miRNA were verified successfully using RT-PCR. Collectively, these data provide the most comprehensive compilation of intestinal transcripts and their functions, and it will be helpful to decipher the biological and molecular complexity of the intestine and lay the foundation for further functional research.