bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying the multiphase optimization strategy to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of an online road safety education intervention for children: A pilot study
Authors: Pham Julia , Buttazzoni Adrian , Gilliland Jason 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Reports of children’s engagement in active transportation (e.g., cycling, walking, wheeling) outline low participation rates in many countries despite many associated mental, physical, and social health benefits. One of the main contributors to this phenomenon is a cited lack of education and knowledge among children regarding active travel (AT) and its specific related modalities. Moreover, reviewed AT interventions have been critiqued for lacking comprehensiveness in their designs, especially as it relates to various education strategies. To address these issues, the aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of an online road safety education intervention to promote AT among children (ages 9-13).
Methods: Applying the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) for intervention development, implementation, and evaluation, we designed and assessed a four-module online road safety education intervention with a sample of 56 children using a 23 factorial design featuring both qualitative and quantitative analyses.
Results: Main intervention feasibility findings include positive and critical feedback on the program’s content and design, and moderate participant engagement as reflected by program retention and completion rates. With respect to intervention effectiveness, a significant improvement in road safety knowledge scores was observed for groups that feature the “wheeling safety and skills” module (p<0.05). Although there was a slight improvement in AT knowledge scores across all the intervention groups, differences in scores were not of significance (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The MOST framework allowed us to design and evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of an efficient multicomponent online road safety education intervention. As a result, the developed intervention has demonstrated that it has the potential to improve children’s road safety knowledge, to which improvements may be attributed to the inclusion of the “wheeling safety and skills” module, further suggesting that the targeted focus on cycling skills is a prioritized area amongst children. Implications for AT program developers and evaluators are discussed. Future research is encouraged to develop strategies that target AT knowledge and awareness topics (e.g., recognition of associated benefits).
Spatialization of the Markov model to measure the spatial dependencies of an epidemiological spread : case covid19 Madagascar
Authors: Tsilefa Stefana Tabera , Raherinirina Angelo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This article presents a Markov chain variant that explicitly incorporates spatial effects. It is an extension of the Markovian class allowing a more complete analysis of the spatial dimensions of transitional dynamics. The aim is to have an explicit model that allows analysis of spatial dimensions. Here, the question is to study and quantify whether neighborhood context affects transitional dynamics. Rather than estimating a homogeneous law, the model requires the estimation of k transition laws, each dependent on spatial neighbor state. Consequently, this article used published data on confirmed cases of COVID19 in the 22 regions of Madagascar. These data were discretized to obtain a discrete state of propagation intensity. The analysis gave us the transition probabilities between Covid19 intensity states knowing the context of neighboring regions, and the propagation time laws knowing the spatial contexts. The results showed that neighboring regions had an effect on the propagation of Covid19 in Madagascar.
Relationship between vaginal and oral microbiome in patients of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer
Authors: Zhang Wei , Yin YanFei , Jiang YiSha , Yang YangYang , Wang WenTao , Wang XiaoYa , Ge Yan , Liu Bin , Yao Lihe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to assess the microbial variations and biomarker in the vaginal and oral environment of HPV (human papillomavirus) and cervical cancer (CC) patients and developing novel prediction models.
Materials and Methods
This study includes 164 samples collected from both the vaginal tract and oral subgingival plaque of 82 women. The participants were divided into four distinct groups based on their vaginal and oral samples including control group (Z/KZ, n = 22), abortion group (AB/KAB, n = 17), HPV-infected group (HP/KHP, n = 21), and cervical cancer group (CC/KCC, n = 22). Microbiota analysis was conducted using full-length 16S rDNA gene sequencing with PacBio platform.
Results
The vaginal bacterial community in the Z and AB groups exhibited a relatively simple structure predominantly dominated by Lactobacillus. However, CC group shows high diversity and abundances of anaerobic bacteria and alpha diversity. Biomarkers such as Bacteroides, Mycoplasma, Bacillus, Dialister, Porphyromonas, Anaerococcus, and Prevotella were identified as indicator of CC. Correlations were established between elevated blood C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and local/systemic inflammation, pregnancies, childbirths, and abortions, contributing to the unevenness in the vaginal microenvironment. The altered microbial diversity in CC group was confirmed by amino acid metabolism.The oral microbial diversity exhibited inverse pattern to the vaginal microbiome, indicating a unique relationship. The KCC group showed a significantly lower microbial diversity compared to the KZ group, pointing a link between oral health and cancer development. Several microbes including Fusobacterium, Campylobacte, Capnocytophaga, Veillonella, Streptococcus, Lachnoanaerobaculum, Propionibacterium, Prevotella, Lactobacillus, Neisseria were screened as CC biomarkers. Moreover, Periodontal pathogens were associated with blood CRP levels and oral hygiene conditions. Elevated oral microbial amino acid metabolism in CC group was closely linked to the presence of pathogens. positive correlations indicated synergy between vaginal and oral bacteria.
Conclusion
HPV infection and CC impact both the vaginal and oral microenvironment, affecting systemic metabolism and the synergy between bacteria. This suggests the use oral flora markers as a prospective screening tool for the diagnosis the cervical cancer.
Medical School Performance as Measured by GPA: What Can it Predict?
Authors: ElAbd Rawan , AlShatti Rashed , Sultan Shamael , AlOtaibi Nawal , AlSabah Salman 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Medical graduates' performance has been an area of interest for medical educators internationally. The objectivity of such measures has made it an essential part in evaluation of applicants.
Objectives
The aim of our study is to examine the prognostic value of medical school graduation GPA in relation to post-graduation achievements and success.
Methods
We used an online questionnaire sent to Kuwait university's graduates, whether directly face to face, by messages, or phone calls. The electronic questionnaire consisted of three major area, sociodemographic, medical school GPA, and academic or clinical achievements. The results have been statistically analyzed using satisfaction with life, satisfaction with career, and career progress as dependent variables.
Results
A total of 552 physicians who graduated from 1983 to 2017 took part in this study. The mean age was 33.31 ± 8.39 years. The highest percentage of participant (33%) were specialized in internal medicine. A higher GPA was found to be associated with pursuing postgraduate clinical fellowship, earning higher monthly income, higher career progress score, and scoring higher personal satisfaction with progress and life scores. Higher GPA was not associated with being a faculty member, pursuing post graduate academic studies like master's degree and doctor of philosophy, practicing internationally, or having publications. Gender was not associated with doing a fellowship or practicing internationally.
Conclusion
Medical school performance, measured by GPA, might predict higher career progress, having higher monthly income, and satisfaction. However, it is not necessarily prognostic for pursuing postgraduate academic degrees, practicing internationally, or having research publications.
Creation and infill of an incision on a leeward margin of an Eocene isolated carbonate platform, northeast Sirte Basin, Libya
Authors: Abdalla Muneer , Bogzil Alzobeere , Ibrahem Abdulsaid 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The recognition of incised valleys and reconstruction of their filling history are significant for defining unconformity surfaces and their stratigraphic framework, especially when detailed petrographic data is unavailable. Little research have been published on the characterization and factors influencing the development of incised valleys using three-dimensional seismic and well data. Thus, this work aims to analyze the geometry and interpret controlling factors that controlled the formation and sediment filling of an Eocene incised valley in a sequence stratigraphic frame using an integration of three-dimensional seismic and well data. The Eocene incised valley is defined by an unconformable sequence boundary underneath and contains sediments of the lowstand systems tract of Sequence 6. The incision deposits are thick limestones intercalated by thin shales and show a low-order stacking of serrated log motif. The thickness of the incised valley is 118 m and has an aerial extension of ~ 3.2 km in a southwest-northeast direction. It has a highest width of around 950–1100 and displays a moderately sinuous geometry with asymmetrical meanders occurring each 1 to 1.8 km. The amplitude of these meanders ranges from 500 to 700 m. No distinguishable tributaries are observed in the studied incised valley, indicating that it formed as a singular stream, or it is possible that the seismic data resolution doesn’t allow the recognition of the tributaries due to their small size. The geometry and stratigraphic architecture of the incised valley suggest a fluvial incised valley rather than tidal incisions. The incision primarily formed as a result of a falling sea-level that led to a subaerial exposure, while a successive rising sea-level resulted in the development of the lowstand deposits and infilling of the incised valley.
Uncertainty in Qualitative Analysis of Mountain Rivers via the Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation Technique
Authors: Noorali Atefe , Marofi Safar , Babamiri Omid 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This study aims to examine modeling approaches for mountainous rivers, as previous studies have primarily focused on modeling small and large rivers while neglecting mountainous rivers. QUAL2Kw was used to simulate water quality parameters of the mountainous Abbas-Abad River. uncertainty of the model was also investigated using the generalized likelihood uncertainty estimate (GLUE) approach. Calibration procedures were meticulously conducted to fine-tune the model performance. The findings delineate that: i) at the 95% confidence level, the uncertainty band of BOD, DO, NH4, and NO3 along the Abbas-Abad River path was accurately obtained, ii) the results show NO3 has the greatest impact on the stochastic variables such as upstream and agriculture release flows, oxidation, nitrification, and denitrification amounts, iii) the agriculture release flow demonstrated a pronounced uncertainty relation to other stochastic parameters, including upstream flow, as well as the oxidation, nitrification, and denitrification values, iv) the uncertainty boundaries for DO are narrower compared to BOD, NH4, and NO3. This emphasizes the importance of implementing precise model algorithms and collecting high-quality qualitative data. Thus, this investigation substantiates the efficacy of the GLUE method in water quality uncertainty analysis of mountainous rivers.
Enhancing the Thermal Conductivity of PS/PA6/GNPs Composites through Elongational Flow
Authors: Wen Shuai , Chen Jianming , Zhang Jingjing , Peng Zhangyuan , Huang Tinghui , Yin Zhansong , Xu Ruijie , Chen Anfu , Lei Caihong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Migration and distribution of thermal conduct fillers in polymer blend are key factors in the preparation of enhanced thermal conductivity composite. In this study, polystyrene(PS)/polyamides 6(PA6)/graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs) composites with enhanced thermal conductivity were prepared under elongational flow, and the migration and distribution of GNPs were investigated by molecular dynamics simulation and experiments. The results showed that when GNPs immigrate from PA6 phase to PS phase, the elongational flow caused the orientation of the PS phase and GNPs, reducing the migration rate of GNPs from the PA6 phase to the PS phase. At the same time, the stretching viscosity of the PS phase increases, which prevents GNPs entering the PS phase. As a result, GNPs remain within the PA6 phase near the interface of the two phases. The effective distribution density of GNPs increased, making it easier for them to interconnect and form thermal conduction paths, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of the composites. Particularly, the composite prepared under the elongational flow with the 50/50 vol ratio of PS/PA6, the in-plane thermal conductivity of PS/PA6/GNPs composites reached a maximum of 1.64 W/(m·K).
Cytochrome c-Mediated Dual Functions for Real-Time ROS Monitoring and Sustainable Energy Supply in Implantable Device
Authors: Park Taegyu , Lee Dong Yeop , Jo Jung Ki , Kim Seon Jeong , Jang Yongwoo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Smart stents integrate embedded sensors and advanced technology, providing a real-time diagnostic feedback, particularly for detection of thrombotic events. A continuous monitoring reactive oxygen species (ROS) in blood vessels is crucial for cardiovascular disease. The provision of a continuous power supply to sensors integrated within blood vessels is challenging. This study introduces a novel device that combines a sensor and supercapacitor, functioning as a ROS sensor and enabling continuous charging and discharging within blood vessels. This device employs thread-shaped electrodes integrated with cytochrome c and carbon nanotubes (Cyt.c/CNT). The Cyt.c/CNT electrode exhibits a high specificity to ROS with an excellent sensitivity (49.02 µAµM− 1cm− 2), as a real-time biosensor for monitoring of cellular ROS levels in living cells. In addition, it exhibited an energy storage performance of 257.95 mF/cm2 as a supercapacitor and maintained a stable performance during 10,000 repeated cycles in various biofluids. Notably, the integration of the Cyt.c/CNT electrode with an enzymatic biofuel cell enables continuous charging and discharging in a biofluid, making it a promising system for in-vivo applications such as smart stents. This study presents the potential of the biomaterial Cyt.c for ROS sensing as well as its potential as an energy storage system, showing new possibilities for implantable devices for cardiovascular diseases.
Catalytic specificity and crystal structure of cystathionine γ-lyase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Pedretti Marco , Fernández-Rodríguez Carmen , Conter Carolina , Oyenarte Iker , Favretto Filippo , Matteo Adele di , Dominici Paola , Petrosino Maria , Martinez-Chantar Maria Luz , Majtan Tomas , Astegno Alessandra , Martinez-Cruz Luis Alfonso 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The escalating drug resistance among microorganisms underscores the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies and a comprehensive understanding of bacteria's defense mechanisms against oxidative stress and antibiotics. Among the recently discovered barriers, the endogenous production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), via the reverse transsulfuration pathway, emerges as a noteworthy factor. In this study, we have explored the catalytic capabilities and crystal structure of cystathionine γ-lyase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PaCGL). In addition to a canonical L-cystathionine hydrolysis, purified PaCGL can catalyze the production of H2S using L-cysteine and/or L-homocysteine as alternative substrates. Comparative analysis with counterparts in other pathogens and humans revealed distinct structural features within the primary enzyme cavities, including a differently folded entrance loop to the catalytic site, potentially influencing substrate and/or inhibitor access. These findings offer opportunities for developing specific inhibitors to limit or eliminate bacterial H2S synthesis, weakening a defense barrier against the host immune system.
Aspirin but not statins is inversely related to gastric cancer with a duration-risk effect: results from the Stomach Cancer Pooling (StoP) Project Consortium
Authors: Pastorino Roberta , Marafon Denise Pires , Sassano Michele , Hoxhaj Ilda , Pelucchi Claudio , Liao Linda M. , Rabkin Charles S. , Sinha Rashmi , Lunet Nuno , Morais Samantha , Zaridze David , Maximovitch Dmitry , Aragonés Nuria , Castaño-Vinyals Gemma , Gómez-Acebo Inés , López-Carrillo Lizbeth , López-Cervantes Malaquias , Bonzi Rossella , Turati Federica , Boffetta Paolo , Camargo Maria Constanza , Curado Maria Paula , Vioque Jesus , Zhang Zuo-Feng , Negri Eva , Vecchia Carlo La , Boccia Stefania 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Aspirin and statins have been suggested to have potential chemopreventive effects against gastric cancer (GC), although results of previous studies have been inconsistent. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between the use of aspirin and statins, alone or in combination, and GC.Methods We conducted a pooled analysis of seven case-control studies within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project, including 3220 cases and 9752 controls. Two-stage modelling analyses were used to estimate the associations between aspirin use, statin use, and combined use of the two drugs, and GC after adjusting for potential confounders.Results The pooled odds ratio (OR) of GC for aspirin users versus non-users was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.54–0.95). The protective effect of aspirin appeared stronger in individuals without a GC family history (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.37–0.95). The OR of GC decreased with increasing duration of aspirin use, with an OR of 0.41 (95% CI: 0.18–0.95) for durations ≥ 15 years. An inverse, non-statistically significant association with risk of GC was observed for use of statins alone (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.52–1.18).Conclusions Our findings suggest that aspirin use, particularly long-term use, is associated with a reduced risk of GC, while a similar association was not observed with statins, possibly due to low frequency of use.
Influence of working parameters on the tank washing effect of non-volatile organic compounds for stainless steel lined chemical tanker
Authors: Guo Yafei , Cao Zhixing , Wang Heyuan , Zhang Bin , Hu Libin , Cao Haidong , Du Min , Zheng Qinggong , Wu Wanqing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Effective tank washing is a key working procedure to ensure the efficiency and quality of chemical water transport. A physical experimental system and numerical simulation model were established to explore the influence of key factors on the effect of tank washing. The chemical tanker with stainless steel lined bulkheads was taken as the research object, and palm oil was selected as a typical non-volatile chemical cargo. Experiments and numerical simulations were conducted. The results show that the numerical model agrees well with the experiments. The main factors affecting washing effect are the length and diameter of the nozzle outlet, the washing time duration, the temperature of the washing water and the dynamic pressure. The quantitative evaluation model of tank washing effect for palm oil is 𝛾 = 1.0674 + 1.4525𝑝 − 0.4778𝑝2 + 0.1776𝑡 − 0.0165𝑡2 + 5.9638 ∗ 10−4𝑡3 + 0.0032𝑇 −1.8306 ∗ 10− 5𝑇2. The effect at the initial stage of tank washing is mainly due to the impact of washing liquid jet, and in the middle and late stage, mainly due to dissolution of tank washing water. This paper has theoretical reference value for related research and good guidance significance for the practice of chemical tanker washing operation.
Artificial Intelligence in Consumer Behaviour: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Farooq Muhammad , Yen Yuen Yee 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This systematic literature analysis examines the many effects of artificial intelligence (AI) on consumer behavior. It consolidates data from a carefully chosen to set of English-language papers acquired using a Web of Science search. The selected studies provide useful insights into the complex interaction between AI, consumer attitudes, preferences, decision-making, and the larger consequences for companies. These research cover many areas of AI applications in marketing and consumer domains. The research covers various topics, such as the positive impact of AI on consumer attitudes, potential drawbacks of AI recommendations, the influence of AI-driven recommendation agents on privacy risk, personalized engagement marketing, consumer evaluations of GAN-generated fashion products, AI in ethnic clothing consumption, the adoption of AI in the leisure economy, AI in digital marketing, automation of services using AI in Industry 4.0, AI-powered applications in the service profit chain, the role of AI-powered learning apps in education, AI in B2B settings, the security of AIoT using the HoneyNet approach, the impact of digital AI technologies in India, and the role of AI in the Internet of Things (IoT). This study presents a thorough analysis of the current state of AI and consumer behavior research, providing insights that are relevant for both academic and industrial sectors.
Artificial Intelligence in Supply Chain Management: A Comprehensive Review and Framework for Resilience and Sustainability
Authors: Farooq Muhammad , Yen Yuen Yee 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This research study provides a comprehensive analysis of academic publications that examine the significant impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on strengthening the resilience and sustainability of supply chains. Using a data-driven methodology on the Web of Science platform, we carefully identify and evaluate important themes, issues, and developments related to AI applications in various supply chain settings. The synthesis we present is based on a compilation of 28 articles published from 2020 to 2023. These articles cover various subjects such as transparency, optimizing last-mile delivery, multiagent systems, generative AI, and the significant influence of AI on micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in supply chains. The findings not only illuminate the present level of study in the subject but also provide insight into developing patterns and uncharted areas. Our study offers a comprehensive overview of how AI is influencing the current and future state of supply chain management. It gives vital insights for researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers who are involved in this dynamic and ever-changing field.