bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction for distributional outcomes in high-performance computing input/output variability
Authors: Xu Li , Hong Yili , Morris Max D , Cameron Kirk W 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Although high-performance computing (HPC) systems have been scaled to meet the exponentially growing demand for scientific computing, HPC performance variability remains a major challenge in computer science. Statistically, performance variability can be characterized by a distribution. Predicting performance variability is a critical step in HPC performance variability management. In this article, we propose a new framework to predict performance distributions. The proposed framework is a modified Gaussian process that can predict the distribution function of the input/output (I/O) throughput under a specific HPC system configuration. We also impose a monotonic constraint so that the predicted function is nondecreasing, which is a property of the cumulative distribution function. Additionally, the proposed model can incorporate both quantitative and qualitative input variables. We predict the HPC I/O distribution using the proposed method for the IOzone variability data. Data analysis results show that our framework can generate accurate predictions, and outperform existing methods. We also show how the predicted functional output can be used to generate predictions for a scalar summary of the performance distribution, such as the mean, standard deviation, and quantiles. Our prediction results can further be used for HPC system variability monitoring and optimization. This article has online supplementary materials.
Examining efforts to predict day-of-surgery cancellation (DOSC): a systematic review protocol
Authors: Sardesai Thomas , Hobbs Laura , Phillips Caroline , Bashford Tom , Kohler Katharina , Stubbs Daniel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Day-of-surgery cancellation (DOSC) in elective surgery occurs in roughly 18% of elective surgeries worldwide. This impacts patient physical health, psychological wellbeing and social function. Further impacts include reduced health service efficiency and wider economic productivity. There is a range of contributing variables including patient factors, resource constraints and health service pressures which could be integrated into predictive models. This article describes the protocol for a systematic review to evaluate peer-reviewed original research articles and implementation studies of models to predict DOSC. Such statistical models could, if properly integrated into clinical practice, yield benefits to patients and healthcare providers. The systematic review will provide a comprehensive synthesis of evidence in this area to inform future efforts at gold-standard statistical modelling. Predictor-finding studies, subsequent publications of the same model and publications in which the predictive variables have not been disclosed will be excluded. Searches will be conducted in Medline, Embase, Scopus and Web of science. Risk of bias will be assessed using the prediction model risk of bias assessment tool. Data will be collected on included variables, method of prediction, whether prediction was made at the level of the patient or the system, and training and assessment processes. These data will be subject to qualitative synthesis and used to generate a narrative summary and figures. This systematic review will abide by the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. This review is registered on PROSPERO, registration CRD42023478984.
Evaluation of Gender Disparity in Tactical Combat Casualty Care
Authors: Vaughan Shanna R , Ballard Timothy , Ward-Demo Pamela , Vojta Leslie , Ahmed Anwar E , Costello Amy 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Women comprise nearly 19% of the U.S. military and now serve in almost all operational roles, increasing their risk of combat trauma and injuries.3 Data from the Joint Trauma Registry during Operation Enduring Freedom shows that battle-injured females had a higher case fatality rate at 36% compared to their male counterparts at 17%.1 The Tactical Combat Casualty Care curriculum is used to prepare battlefield medics to provide immediate care to wounded service members, but fails to address differences in the care of female versus male casualties. The students, who are presented with life-threatening injuries in simulated trauma scenarios, may be slower to assess, identify, and treat injuries in female patients as compared with male patients.

Materials and Methods
This observational program analysis was reviewed by the Uniformed Services University Human Research Protections Program and approved for execution as an exempt protocol under the provision of 32 CFR 219.104(d)(1). The study assessed the performance of male and female Mexican military personnel during a Tactical Combat Casualty Care course, using standardized trauma scenarios. Anatomically, correct male and female manikins were used to compare response time for different gender patients presenting with the same injuries.

Results
There was a statistically significant increase in time required to complete an initial blood sweep, identify a gunshot wound to the chest, and call for medical evacuation when treating a female patient compared to a male patient.

Conclusions
A lack of female representation in trauma training may have contributed to the higher case fatality rate of female soldiers compared to male soldiers during Operation Enduring Freedom. Female live actors and Gender Retrofit Kits can augment trauma casualty assessment and treatment training scenarios and better prepare our forces to respond to life-threatening emergencies.
Sex and HIV Differences in Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry (PRISm) Among Ugandans Postpneumonia
Authors: Abelman Rebecca A , Fitzpatrick Jessica , Byanova Katerina L , Zawedde Josephine , Sanyu Ingvar , Byanyima Patrick , Musisi Emmanuel , Hsieh Jenny , Zhang Michelle , Branchini Jake , Sessolo Abdul , Hunt Peter W , Lalitha Rejani , Davis J Lucian , Crothers Kristina , Worodria William , Huang Laurence 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm), defined as a normal ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (≥0.70) with low FEV1 (&lt;80% predicted), has been associated with increased mortality in the general population. Female sex has been associated with increased odds of PRISm in people without HIV. People with HIV (PWH) are at increased risk for lung function abnormalities, but whether HIV modifies the effect of sex on PRISm development is largely unknown.

Methods
Adults with and without HIV underwent baseline followed by serial spirometry after completing therapy for pneumonia, predominantly tuberculosis (TB), in Kampala, Uganda. Using generalized estimating equations adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking, biomass fuel exposure, HIV, and TB status, we compared individuals with PRISm with those with normal spirometry. These models were stratified by HIV status.

Results
Of 339 baseline participants, 153 (45%) were women; 129 (38%) had HIV, of whom 53% were women. Overall, 105/339 participants (31%) had PRISm at baseline. HIV was associated with lower odds of PRISm (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.38; 95% CI, 0.21–0.68; P = .001). Female sex trended toward increased odds of PRISm among all participants (aOR, 1.65; 95% CI, 0.99–2.75; P = .052). The association between female sex and PRISm tended to be stronger among PWH (aOR, 3.16; 95% CI, 1.14–8.76; P = .03) than among those without HIV (aOR, 1.34; 95% CI, 0.73–2.45; P = .34); this study was underpowered to detect an HIV–sex interaction of this magnitude (P = .30).

Conclusions
Among Ugandan adults who recovered from pneumonia, female sex was associated with increased odds and HIV with decreased odds of PRISm, suggesting independent sex and HIV effects on PRISm pathogenesis.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Endemic Mycoses After Solid Organ Transplantation: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Abad Cybele Lara R , Razonable Raymund R 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundGeographically endemic fungi can cause significant disease among solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. We provide an update on the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and outcomes of 5 endemic mycoses in SOT recipients.MethodsMultiple databases were reviewed from inception through May 2023 using key words for endemic fungi (eg, coccidioidomycosis or Coccidioides, histoplasmosis or Histoplasma, etc). We included adult SOT recipients and publications in English or with English translation.ResultsAmong 16 cohort studies that reported on blastomycosis (n = 3), coccidioidomycosis (n = 5), histoplasmosis (n = 4), and various endemic mycoses (n = 4), the incidence rates varied, as follows: coccidioidomycosis, 1.2%–5.8%; blastomycosis, 0.14%–0.99%; and histoplasmosis, 0.4%–1.1%. There were 204 reports describing 268 unique cases of endemic mycoses, including 172 histoplasmosis, 31 blastomycosis, 34 coccidioidomycosis, 6 paracoccidioidomycosis, and 25 talaromycosis cases. The majority of patients were male (176 of 261 [67.4%]). Transplanted allografts were mostly kidney (192 of 268 [71.6%]), followed by liver (n = 39 [14.6%]), heart (n = 18 [6.7%]), lung (n = 13 [4.9%]), and combined kidney-liver and kidney-pancreas (n = 6 [2.7%]). In all 5 endemic mycoses, most patients presented with fever (162 of 232 [69.8%]) and disseminated disease (179 of 268 [66.8%]). Cytopenias were frequently reported for histoplasmosis (71 of 91 [78.0%]), coccidioidomycosis (8 of 11 [72.7%]) and talaromycosis (7 of 8 [87.5%]). Graft loss was reported in 12 of 136 patients (8.8%). Death from all-causes was reported in 71 of 267 (26.6%); half of the deaths (n = 34 [50%]) were related to the underlying mycoses.ConclusionsEndemic mycoses commonly present with fever, cytopenias and disseminated disease in SOT recipients. There is a relatively high all-cause mortality rate, including many deaths that were attributed to endemic mycoses.
NAMPT promotes the malignant progression of HBV‐associated hepatocellular carcinoma through activation of SREBP1‐mediated lipogenesis
Authors: He Xian‐lu , Guo Hui‐jie , Lei Ya‐ruo , Li Jun , Li Jing‐yi , Li Min‐hui , Li Na , Wang Fei , Mo Chun‐fen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMetabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer. The nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)‐mediated salvage pathway maintains sufficient cellular NAD levels and is required for tumorigenesis and development. However, the molecular mechanism by which NAMPT contributes to HBV‐associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains not fully understood. In the present study, our results showed that NAMPT protein was obviously upregulated in HBV‐positive HCC tissues compared with HBV‐negative HCC tissues. NAMPT was positively associated with aggressive HCC phenotypes and poor prognosis in HBV‐positive HCC patients. NAMPT overexpression strengthened the proliferative, migratory, and invasive capacities of HBV‐associated HCC cells, while NAMPT‐insufficient HCC cells exhibited decreased growth and mobility. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that NAMPT activated SREBP1 (sterol regulatory element‐binding protein 1) by increasing the expression and nuclear translocation of SREBP1, leading to the transcription of SREBP1 downstream lipogenesis‐related genes and the production of intracellular lipids and cholesterol. Altogether, our data uncovered an important molecular mechanism by which NAMPT promoted HBV‐induced HCC progression through the activation of SREBP1‐triggered lipid metabolism reprogramming and suggested NAMPT as a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HBV‐associated HCC patients.
Incidence, Diversity, and Quality of Publications in Orthopaedic Trauma Literature
Authors: Ottofaro Trevor , McGurk Kathy , Horn Ryan , Rivas Gabriella , Hartsock Langdon , Reid Kristoff 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Modern medicine increasingly relies on evidence-based care, using academic journals as vehicles for information dissemination. Increasing rates of publication have led to an overwhelming volume of literature. This study evaluates the proportion of dedicated orthopaedic trauma literature, the frequency of different topic domains, and the quality of currently published information.

Methods:
Top orthopaedic journals were selected by impact factor and scientific articles published between 2016 –2019 were evaluated. All articles were categorized by subspecialty and pre-defined topic domains and level of evidence was recorded.

Results:
3,697 articles were published in Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma (JOT), Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research (CORR), the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (JBJS), and Bone and Joint Journal (BJJ). 32% of articles were dedicated to orthopaedic trauma topics. Joint Arthroplasty was the most published subspecialty in general journals (35.37%, P<0.002). Hip fractures were the most prevalent trauma topic domain in all four journals (15.5%, P<0.002). Pelvic ring injuries were the second most prevalent topic in orthopaedic trauma journals, versus distal radius fractures in non-trauma journals (P<0.05). 48.4% of published literature was level III evidence, with no differences between trauma and non-trauma publications (P>0.05).

Conclusion:
Orthopaedic trauma is well represented within the orthopaedic literature with a diverse distribution of topics over the four-year period, second only to Joint Arthroplasty which was by far the most common topic in general orthopaedic journals. Level of Evidence in trauma literature parallel other orthopaedic subspecialties, but there is an overall low proportion of level I and II studies in the orthopaedic literature.

Level of Evidence:
Level II
Continuing Steady Challenges Involved in the Lifting of Evacuation Orders after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident
Authors: Kobashi Yurie , Hasegawa Arifumi , Yamashita Shunichi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Steady efforts for recovery and reconstruction after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant have been underway for 12.5 y. The present study reports on the world’s first-ever efforts for a gradual and safe return to areas contaminated with radiation fallout and reconstruction support by providing an overview of the actual situation regarding the strategy for return, especially with the transition after the lifting of the evacuation order by the Japanese government. A stage-by-stage progression of the evacuation order and lifting strategy is summarized chronologically in the following three phases: the Emergency Phase in 2011, the Reconstruction Phase from 2013 to 2020, and the Challenging Phase for Lifting All the Evacuation Zones from 2023. Through the lifting strategy of the government, the number of evacuees decreased significantly, especially during the Reconstruction Phase, from 152,113 in May 2013 to 37,826 in May 2020. It is crucial to strengthen support for reconstruction and convey an unbiased and accurate understanding of Fukushima Prefecture by developing a concrete strategy for community development and increasing the size of the exchange population.
Clinical outcomes and patient-reported outcomes after oncoplastic breast surgery in breast cancer patients: A matched cohort study
Authors: Chou Hsuan-Yu , Tseng Ling-Ming , Ma Hsu , Perng Cherng-Kang , Huang Chi-Cheng , Tsai Yi-Fang , Lin Yen-Shu , Lien Pei-Ju , Feng Chin-Jung 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Surgery is the recommended treatment for breast cancer, the most common cancer in women in Taiwan and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Although breast-conserving surgery (BCS) has good prognosis, in some cases, BCS may cause more significant deformities and interfere with the patient’s psychosocial well-being. Oncoplastic breast surgery (OBS) is the treatment option in these cases. This study aimed to determine the outcomes of OBS and BCS regardless of clinical and patient-reported esthetic outcomes.

Methods:
Between 2015 and 2020, 50 patients who underwent OBS at our hospital after complete treatment were enrolled. With 1:2 matched ratios, 100 patients were enrolled in the BCS control group. Clinical outcomes were analyzed. The BREAST-Q questionnaire was then assessed 6 months after the completion of treatment for subjective patient-reported outcomes.

Results:
Due to the matching process, no difference was noted between the two groups in terms of demographic data such as age, comorbidities, or tumor characteristics. There were no significant differences in the local recurrence rate, disease-free survival, overall survival, positive margin rate, rewide excision rate, conversion to mastectomy rate, or complication rate (major or minor) between both groups. However, the OBS group showed higher satisfaction with breasts in the BREAST-Q questionnaire (p < 0.001). The mean follow-up time was 38.77 ± 14.70 months in the BCS group and 29.59 ± 14.06 months in the OBS group.

Conclusion:
OBS seems to be a safe and feasible surgery in breast cancer patients because clinical outcomes are compatible with BCS. Moreover, the OBS group had better patient-reported outcomes in terms of satisfaction.
AST to ALT ratio as a prospective risk predictor for liver cirrhosis in patients with chronic HBV infection
Authors: Lai Xiaohuan , Chen Haiyan , Dong Xiaofeng , Zhou Guanlin , Liang Dong , Xu Fei , Liu Hongxia , Luo Yingmin , Liu Hui , Wan Shaogui 
Published: January 2024

Background
Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio (AAR) is one of the most frequent indicators to discriminate fibrosis and cirrhosis. However, the results remained controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive effect of AAR on hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related cirrhosis development.

Method
A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on 1754 chronic HBV-infected patients. Clinical variables at their initial visit and follow-up data were collected. Cox proportional hazards model was constructed to evaluate the predictive value of AAR on cirrhosis risk, and its discrimination accuracy was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC). The time-dependent effect was assessed by a Fine and Gray competing risk model.

Results
Compared to patients with lower AAR, those with elevated AAR level had higher risk of cirrhosis development by adjusting for host characteristics (dichotomized analyses: hazard ratio =
2.77, P = 8.25 × 10-4

; tertile analyses: hazard ratio =
2.95, P = 1.61 × 10-3

), with an increasing risk trend (P
trend =
4.56 × 10-4

). The effect remained prominent when ALT or AST was abnormal, while no significant risk was observed when AST and ALT were simultaneously normal. Time-dependent effect analysis demonstrated a persistently higher risk, with the average hazard ratio equivalent to 1.92. AAR level could improve the discrimination efficacy of host variables with area under the curve increased from 0.684 to 0.711 (P =
0.039
).

Conclusion
Higher AAR was significantly associated with increased risk of HBV-related cirrhosis, and might be a potential predictor of cirrhosis development.
Barthel Index, SPAN-100, and NIHSS Studies on the Predictive Value of Prognosis in Patients With Thrombolysis
Authors: Fu Meng , Fan Yani , Yan Shuangmei , Wang Sujie , Zhang Sai , Chen Feifei , Han Rui , He Xiaohong , Gu Ping , Li Jian , Chen Lili 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
We mainly explore the predictive value of Barthel Index (BI), SPAN-100, and National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) scores on clinical prognosis and functional outcomes in thrombolytic patients and compare the differences in the predictive values of the above 3 scales so as to provide an effective basis to evaluate the prognosis of thrombolytic patients.

Methods:
Data were collected from 212 patients with the first-onset AIS (acute ischemic stroke). The enrolled patients were treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator thrombolytic therapy and were divided into 2 groups according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at discharge: the prognosis group (mRS≤2 points) and the poor prognosis group (mRS≥3 points). Logistic multivariate analysis was used to analyze the predictors of poor prognosis in patients with thrombolysis. MedCalc software was used to plot receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calculate the area under the ROC curve (AUC), and compare the prediction performance of the 3 scales by the Delong and colleagues’ method, and the difference of P<0.05 was statistically significant.

Results:
Logistic binary regression multivariate analysis suggested that BI was a predictor of poor prognosis for thrombolytic therapy in patients with AIS. The lower the BI score, the poorer the prognosis. The AUC for BI score was 0.862, 95% CI (0.808-0.906), NIHSS score AUC was 0.665, 95% CI (0.597-0.728), and SPAN-100 score AUC was 0.640, 95% CI (0.572-0.705). AUC comparison of 3 scoring ROC curves suggested statistically significant differences between BI and NIHSS (P
C=0.0000), BI and SPAN-100 (P
C=0.0000); no significant difference was observed between SPAN-100 and NIHSS (P
C=1.7997).

Conclusions:
Simple BI scores have a high prognostic value for thrombolytic therapy in AIS.
Characteristics of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Due to Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Saridas Furkan , Mesut Gizem , Dinc Yasemin , Koc Emine Rabia , Ozpar Rifat , Hakyemez Bahattin , Turan Omer Faruk 
Published: January 2024

Objectives:
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a cerebrovascular disease characterized by thrombosis of the cerebral venous or dural sinuses. Autoimmune diseases (AD) are important causes of CVST. This study aims to reveal the differences between CVST associated with autoimmune diseases compared with other causes (OCs) and Behcet’s syndrome (BS) compared with other ADs.

Methods:
This is a single-center retrospective study in which the medical records of 187 patients we followed with a diagnosis of CVST between 2008 and 2023 were collected retrospectively. Four neurologists collected data on initial symptoms, neurological examinations, and laboratory findings. Findings on magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance venography performed on all patients (thrombosis localizations, hemorrhagic or ischemic complications, and collateralization) were re-evaluated by 2 radiologists. The results were compared with AD, other ADs, and OCs groups.

Results:
There were 28 cases of CVST associated with AD. Of these, 18 were BS, and 10 were other AD. Subacute-chronic onset, headache, and transverse sinus involvement were more common in AD-related patients than in OCs. However, collateralization, venous infarction, hemorrhagic transformation, and bleeding were less common. BS-related patients had earlier age, more frequent transverse sinus, less frequent cortical vein thrombosis, and better collateralization than other ADs.

Conclusion:
CVST is one of the rare complications in autoimmune diseases. It has a more subacute-chronic onset. Since headaches are more common, it is essential to make a differential diagnosis of CVST in autoimmune diseases with chronic headaches. Transverse sinus thrombosis is more common. Collateralization, venous infarction, and hemorrhagic transformation are less.