bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stable Arterial Perforators Mapping in Lower Leg Using Color-Coded Doppler Sonography, Acoustic Doppler, and Thermal Imaging Camera in Patients Undergoing Digital Subtraction Angiography
Authors: Lovětínská Vanesa , Sukop Andrej , Sulženko Jakub , Hora Adam , Patzelt Matěj , Kožnar Boris , Kovačič Karol , Kamenistý Michal , Kučerák Jozef 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Chronic defects in the lower leg present significant challenges in plastic surgery due to their diverse etiologies and association with impaired peripheral circulation. This study describes the localization of stable perforators and assesses their changing velocities after digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and alterations of flow characteristics.
Methods Ten patients with lower extremity defects requiring DSA had undergone examinations by using standard methods. The localization of 40 stable perforators originating from the anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery, fibular artery, and medial sural artery was performed before and after angiography. Where stenoses or occlusions were observed, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) was conducted, and velocity changes following reperfusion were measured.
Results Angiographic abnormalities were observed in all of patients, thus necessitating PTA interventions. Prior to PTA, handheld acoustic Dopplers detected 37 out of 40 perforators (90%), whereas color-coded sonography detected 35 out of 40 perforators (87.5%). After PTA, these numbers increased to 38 out of 40 (95%) and 37 out of 40 (92.5%), respectively. The diameter of the perforators ranged between 1.14 and 1.16 mm. The mean flow characteristics included the peak systolic velocities (PSV) of 21.9 and 27.2, end-diastolic velocities (EDV) of 9.4 and 11.4, and resistance indexes (RI) of 0.63 and 0.71, respectively. In the postintervention period, 16 microvessels exhibited enlarged lumen diameters ranging from 1 to 3 mm, resulting in increased perfusion values for PSV in 85.2% (21.9/27.2) and EDV in 88.2% (9.4/11.4) of the patients. The RI increased from 0.63 to 0.71. However, two perforators showed decreases in flow velocity after PTA.
Conclusion In most patients with chronic lower leg wounds and other comorbidities, adequate perforators for reconstruction can be identified by using conventional methods. PTA interventions positively impact blood flow in perforators, although they are not necessarily required prior to reconstruction.
Meta-Analysis and Network Analysis Differentially Detect Various
Pro-Inflammatory Mediators and Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in the
Elderly
Authors: Gu Linlin , Du Yue , Liang Fang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractType 2 diabetes (T2D) has a pathophysiological component that includes
inflammation. Inflammation-sensitive marker measurement may be helpful in
determining the risk of complications for both older T2D patients and the
public. This study aimed to investigate the association between blood
pro-inflammatory mediators and the characteristics of elderly patients with T2D
using meta and network analyses. The Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and
Cochrane Library databases were selected as study methodology. The Quality in
Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool in the meta-analysis assessed the
studies’ methodological quality. The selected studies were statistically
analyzed using the META-MAR tool based on the standardized mean difference
(SMD). The selected studies included nine examinations involving 6399 old people
[+>+55 years old, 65.9+±+4.09
(mean+±+SD)]. The meta-analysis showed that
pro-inflammatory mediators (SMD 0.82) and patient-related variables [risk
factors (SMD 0.71)] were significantly associated with T2D
(p+<+0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed that tumor
necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α; SMD 1.08), body mass index (SMD 0.64),
high-density lipoprotein (HDL; SMD –0.61), body weight (SMD 0.50), and
blood pressure (SMD 1.11) were factors significantly associated with T2D
(p+<+0.05). Network analysis revealed that among patient
characteristics, diastolic blood pressure and, among inflammatory mediators,
leptin were the most closely associated factors with T2D in older adults.
Moreover, network analysis showed that TNF-α and systolic blood pressure
were most closely associated with leptin. Overall, alternate techniques, such as
meta-analysis and network analysis, might identify different markers for T2D in
older people. A therapeutic decision-making process needs to consider these
differences in advance.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy to Minimize Orthodontic Relapse in Rabbits
Authors: Akbar Yun Mukmin , Maskoen Ani Melani , Mardiati Endah , Wandawa Ganesha , Amaliya Amaliya , Narmada Ida Bagus , Djustiana Nina , Evangelina Ida Ayu , Rikmasari Rasmi , Anggun Mas Rizky 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives The purpose of the present study was to discover how hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) could reduce orthodontic relapse by altering the expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), type I collagen (Col I), and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) in the gingival supracrestal fibers in rabbits.
Materials and Methods This study involved 44 male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) randomly divided into the normal group (K0), the orthodontic group without HBOT (K1), and the orthodontic group with HBOT (K2). Following orthodontic separation of the two upper central incisors, a retention phase and relapse assessment were performed. The HBOT was performed for a period of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 days after retention. HIF-1α transcription was assessed employing real-time polymerase chain reaction, whereas Col I and MMP-1 proteins were examined using immunohistochemistry. The orthodontic relapse was measured clinically using a digital caliper.
Statistical Analysis We used the one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's post hoc for multiple comparisons to measure differences between pairs of means; a p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results HBOT significantly increased the HIF-1α mRNA expression (p = 0.0140), increased Col I (p = 0.0043) and MMP-1 (p = 0.0068) on the tensioned and pressured side of the gingival supracrestal fibers, respectively, and clinically decreased the relapse (p = 3.75 × 10−40).
Conclusion HBOT minimizes orthodontic relapse by influencing HIF-1α expression, collagen synthesis (Col I), and degradation (MMP-1). This result suggests that HBOT has the potential to be used as an adjunctive method in the orthodontic retention phase.
Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis as a Considerable Complication in Post-Tuberculosis Lung Disease
Authors: Neuböck Matthias J. , Günther Gunar , Barac Aleksandra , Davidsen Jesper R. , Laursen Christian B. , Agarwal Ritesh , Sehgal Inderpaul S. , Lange Christoph , Salzer Helmut J.F. ,   for CPAnet
Published: January 2024

AbstractPost-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) has only recently been put in the spotlight as a medical entity. Recent data suggest that up to 50% of tuberculosis (TB) patients are left with PTLD-related impairment after completion of TB treatment. The presence of residual cavities in the lung is the largest risk factor for the development of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) globally. Diagnosis of CPA is based on four criteria including a typical radiological pattern, evidence of Aspergillus species, exclusion of alternative diagnosis, and a chronic course of disease. In this manuscript, we provide a narrative review on CPA as a serious complication for patients with PTLD.
Nasal Breathing Assessment Using Computational Fluid Dynamics: An Update from the Rhinologic Perspective
Authors: Hildebrandt Thomas , Heppt Werner Johannes 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn objective assessment of nasal breathing is currently insufficiently achievable. The application of computational fluid dynamics for this purpose is increasingly gaining attention. However, the suggested specific frameworks can differ considerably. To the best of our knowledge, there is not yet a widely accepted clinical usage of computational fluid dynamics. In this article, selected aspects are addressed that might be crucial for future development and possible implementation of computational fluid dynamics in rhinology.
Orchestration of Genetic Alterations in PSEN1 and PSEN2 Genes in Development of Alzheimer's Disease through Computational Analysis
Authors: Mir Asif , Kamran Zainab , Iqbal Wajid 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDementia is a syndrome that can cause a number of progressive illnesses that affect memory, thinking, and ability to perform everyday tasks. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and represents a major public health problem. AD is a progressive disease, where in early stages there is mild memory loss and in late-stage patient loses the ability to carry on a conversation. AD (for which there is no exact cause and cure known so far) is the sixth leading cause of deaths in the United States. Every 68 second someone develops AD. This study focuses on protein structure modeling of genes presenilin 1 and 2 (PSEN1 and PSEN2) and their mutated forms (Asn141Tyr found in Chinese family, Gly34Ser identified in a Japanese patient, and Arg62Cys & Val214Leu identified in the Korean patients). It also involves wild and mutant type comparison, protein interaction studies, docking and phylogenetic history based on representative ortholog species and also sheds insight into the comparative evolutionary rates of coding sequence across various orthologs. This study gives a time and cost-effective analysis of genes (PSEN1 and PSEN2) underlying AD and genetic alterations that drive development and causes of disease.
Utility of J-Shaped Scar Tissue-Based Flap for Secondary Bilateral Cleft Lip Repair: A One-Stage Procedure with Successful Outcomes on Correction of Vermilion Border, Volume Deficiency of Lip, and Muscular Function
Authors: Okumus Ayhan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the utility of J-shaped scar-tissue-based flap as a new technique in secondary bilateral cleft lip reconstruction in patients with challenging secondary deformities. A total of 52 patients, comprising 38 males and 14 females with a mean age of 21.0 years (range: 16–42 years), who underwent secondary bilateral cleft lip repair operation via the J-shaped scar tissue flap technique in our clinic between 2014 and 2019 were included. Postoperatively, patients were followed up for an average of 2 years (range, 6 months to 5 years) to assess the outcomes regarding vermilion border, philtrum symmetry, function of the orbicularis muscle, and lip volumetric symmetry, based on the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), patient-reported outcomes, and independent plastic surgeons' examinations. After an average follow-up of 2 years, outcomes regarding vermilion border, philtrum symmetry, function of the orbicularis muscle, and lip volumetric symmetry were successful, and none of the patients experienced new notch formation, muscular functional loss, lip volume loss, or asymmetry. Owing to good muscular function preventing the stretching, the postoperative scars become more acceptable to the patients. The technique has proven to be safe and successful through the GAIS objective assessment, as also confirmed by the examinations of the three independent surgeons, while the majority of patients reported an exceptional improvement in the appearance alongside a more than 95% satisfaction rate with the operation. In conclusion, our findings revealed successful functional and aesthetic outcome of using J-shaped scar tissue flaps in secondary repair of cleft lips. The technique was associated not only with the correction of significant secondary deformities yielding an improved and symmetrical lip volume, correction of vermilion notch, and prevention of notch re-formation but also with the restoration of orbicularis oris muscle function and thus integrity of the lip with minimal scarring.
Sample Size Considerations in the Design of Orthopaedic Risk-Factor Studies
Authors: Evans Richard , Pozzi Antonio 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective Sample size calculations play a central role in risk-factor study design because sample size affects study interpretability, costs, hospital resources and staff time. We demonstrate the consequences of using misclassified control groups on the power of risk association tests, with the intent of showing that control groups with even small misclassification rates can reduce the power of association tests. So, sample size calculations that ignore misclassifications may underpower studies.
Study Design This was a simulation study using study designs from published orthopaedic risk-factor studies. The approach was to use their designs but simulate the data to include known proportions of misclassified affected subjects in the control group. The simulated data were used to calculate the power of a risk-association test. We calculated powers for several study designs and misclassification rates and compared them to a reference model.
Results Treating unlabelled data as disease-negative only always reduced statistical power compared with the reference power, and power loss increased with increasing misclassification rate. For this study, power could be improved back to 80% by increasing the sample size by a factor of 1.1 to 1.4.
Conclusion Researchers should use caution in calculating sample sizes for risk-factor studies and consider adjustments for estimated misclassification rates.
Early Time Courses of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism and Bleeding during Apixaban or Dalteparin Therapy for Patients with Cancer
Authors: Cohen Alexander T. , Creeper Katherine J. , Alikhan Raza , Er Chaozer , Connors Jean M. , Huisman Menno V. , Munoz Andres , Vescovo Giorgio , Bauersachs Rupert , Ageno Walter , Agnelli Giancarlo , Becattini Cecilia 
Published: January 2024

Background In patients with acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), the rates of recurrence and major bleeding are highest during the first weeks of anticoagulation. The CARAVAGGIO trial demonstrated noninferiority of apixaban to dalteparin for treatment of cancer-associated VTE without an increased risk of major bleeding. We compared the early time course of VTE recurrence and major bleeding events of apixaban compared with dalteparin at 7, 30, and 90 days of treatment in patients with cancer-associated VTE.
Methods The study design of the CARAVAGGIO trial has been described. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive monotherapy with either apixaban or dalteparin for 6 months. The primary efficacy outcome was the incidence of objectively confirmed recurrent VTE. The primary safety outcome was major bleeding.
Results In 1,155 patients, recurrent VTE after 7, 30, and 90 days occurred in 6 (1%), 15 (2.6%), and 27 (4.7%) patients in the apixaban arm versus 5 (0.9%), 20 (3.5%), and 36 (6.2%) patients respectively in the dalteparin arm. By day 7, 30, and 90, major bleeding events had occurred in 3 (0.5%), 9 (1.6%), and 16 (2.8%) patients in the apixaban group versus 5 (0.9%), 11 (1.9%), and 17 (2.9%) patients in the dalteparin group.
Conclusion The frequencies of recurrent VTE and major bleeding events at 7, 30, and 90 days of apixaban compared with dalteparin were similar in patients with cancer-associated VTE. This supports the use of apixaban for the initiation and early phase of anticoagulant therapy in cancer-associated VTE.
Impacts of internet access and use on grain productivity: evidence from Central China
Authors: Li Xiaohui , Xiong Hang , Hao Jinghui , Li Gucheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe impacts of Internet use on farming productivity in China have been extensively examined. However, existing studies focus on non-grain crops and often do not distinguish between Internet access and Internet use. This study investigates the effects of both Internet access and Internet use for farming purposes on farmers’ technical efficiency (TE) using data collected from 855 grain-farmers in Central China. The TE is evaluated following a stochastic frontier analysis approach. Endogenous switching regression models are used to address the potential endogeneity issue associated with Internet access or use. Our empirical results show that the use of the Internet for obtaining farming-related information is crucial for improving farmers’ TE. Having access to the Internet itself does not necessarily improve TE. This is also true when considering the effects through the two channels of technology adoption and risk management. Furthermore, using the Internet for non-farming purposes could impede the improvement of TE. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the Internet can help to reduce the discrepancy of TE among grain farmers.
A novel experimental setup for axial–torsional coupled vibration impact-assisted PDC drill bit drilling
Authors: Ji Ran , Shi Huaizhong , Huang Zhongwei , He Wenhao , Wu Xiaoguang , Fu Xinkang , Sun Zhaowei , Xiong Chao 
Published: January 2024

The geological conditions of hot dry rock (HDR) reservoirs are complex. The geothermal mining of HDR faces major challenges in the drilling and construction of wells, fracturing to create storage, and flowing to extract heat. Vibration impacts help improve the rock-breaking efficiency, where the axial–torsional coupled vibration impact technology can increase the bit penetration depth and reduce the stick–slip effect. To study the feasibility and efficiency of the axial–torsional-coupled vibration impact-assisted Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) bit to break high-temperature and high-pressure rocks, a new experimental setup was designed. The system includes a drilling fluid circulation system, an axial–torsional coupled impact drilling system, a formation simulation system, and a data acquisition and control system. This setup can produce a rock-breaking torque of 2000 N·m, a drilling speed of 200 rpm, a weight on bit of 100 kN, an axial vibration frequency of 100 Hz, and a torsional vibration frequency of 50 Hz. It can simulate the formation pressure of 70 MPa and the rock temperature of 400 °C. A series of rock-breaking drilling experiments were successfully conducted using this setup. The results show that the axial–torsional coupled vibration-impact assisted PDC bit has a good performance in breaking high-temperature and hard rocks, which can accelerate the application of this new technology in deep formation drilling.
Pressure-induced phase transition of Lu2Ti2O7 and Lu1.5Ce0.5Ti2O7+x
pyrochlores
Authors: Xu Min , Niu Jingjing , Wu Guanfeng , Liao Qian , Tan Xi , Yang Dongyan , Liu Longcheng , Li Yuhong , Xia Yue 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study utilizes both experimental and computational approaches to investigate the performance of Lu2Ti2O7 (LTO) and Lu1.5Ce0.5Ti2O7+x
(LCTO) pyrochlores under high pressure. The structural changes of LTO and LCTO pyrochlores were characterized using in-situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction (SXRD) and in-situ Raman spectroscopy at pressures up to 44.6 GPa. The kinks in P–a and P–V curves at around 5 GPa are mainly attributed to the interaction between the pressure medium and the isostructural changes. The onset pressures for transitioning from the cubic pyrochlore phase (Fd-3 m) to the monoclinic phase (P2
1) are observed at 32.5 GPa and 38.1 GPa, respectively. It is important to note that at the highest measured pressures, the phase transition remains incomplete. This partial transition is likely the result of oriented disorder among cations and anions under high pressure. In addition, introducing Ce as a dopant significantly enhances structural stability. This can be explained by the larger ionic radius of Ce, which hinders the disordering process.
Improved protection level for the solution-separation ARAIM based on worst-case fault bias searching
Authors: Li Ruijie , Li Liang , Jiang Jiachang , Du Fengze , Na Zhibo , Xu Xin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The aviation community is actively pursuing advanced receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (ARAIM) to enhance the safety of aircraft navigation services. Protection level calculation is a crucial task in the solution separation-based ARAIM as it determines the availability of the ARAIM. Accurately determining the worst-case fault bias (WCFB) is beneficial in improving the bounding tightness of protection level on positioning error. Unfortunately, the WCFB determination is a challenging task that requires a time-consuming searching procedure, especially when dealing with the multi-satellite faults. The traditional ARAIM protection level is achieved by constructing a conservative worst-case positioning error bound to avoid the unacceptable time-consumption of the brute-force searching for multi-satellite WCFBs. However, this approach comes at the cost of losing the tightness of the protection level and the availability of the ARAIM. The ARAIM milestone reports have pointed out that the availability of the baseline ARAIM needs to be continuously improved in order to satisfy the worldwide localizer precision vertical 200 (LPV-200) requirements. In response, this paper proposes a novel multi-satellite WCFBs searching method for the ARAIM to improve the tightness of protection level. The method consists of determining the worst-case fault direction and constructing an efficient WCFBs searching procedure. GPS/Galileo dual-constellation simulation result demonstrates that the proposed method not only can improve the availability of ARAIM up to 9.33% when compared with the baseline ARAIM algorithm, but also achieves comparable computation efficiency.
Machine learning in legal metrology–detecting breathalyzers’ failures
Authors: Santos Ana Gleice da Silva , Carmo Luiz Fernando Rust , Bezerra do Prado Charles 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Breathalyzers used at sobriety checkpoints undergo strict quality control by metrological institutes or police departments to ensure the accuracy of the results, thus avoiding measurement inaccuracies. This paper presents a new approach to instrument evaluation using machine learning algorithms that are capable of preemptively detecting failures. Our objective was to predict instrument failures before they occur. These faults may be errors or standard deviations that exceed the allowable limits defined by technical regulations. To predict these failures, we employed historical instrument measurement data and applied classification techniques to later label instruments as suitable or unsuitable. This was based on the instrument’s potential not to fail or fail during its operation or before subsequent checks. To increase the reliability of failure prediction, we conducted fuel cell experiments to identify which instruments have cells that could compromise measurement results. To this end, we used the K-means clustering model, which identified two clusters based on the response signals during the ethanol redox reaction. The study concluded with a wear simulation on low-performance electrochemical cells to understand whether an adjustment to the calibration curve on instruments with these cells would not compromise the instrument’s accuracy until the next check.