bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of a total defect of the talus with a customized 3D-implant made of porous titanium for Charcot neuroosteoarthropathy in a patient with neurosyphilis: a case report
Authors: Osnach S. A. , Protsko V. G. , Obolensky V. N. , Mazalov A. V. , Bregovsky V. B. , Kuznetsov V. V. , Tamoev S. K. 
Published: February 2025

Introduction Neuropathic arthropathy, or Charcot arthropathy, is characterized by rapid progressive bone destruction due to impaired nociceptive and proprioceptive innervation of the affected limb. In recent years, there have been publications on the use of 3D modeling and 3D printing of porous titanium implants for filling large bone defects in the foot, but we found only two descriptions of clinical cases of 3D porous titanium implants in patients with Charcot arthropathy.The aim of the work is to demonstrate and analyze the results of performing resection calcaneotibial arthrodesis with defect plasty using a customized 3D implant made of porous titanium in a patient with manifestation of Charcot arthropathy as a complication of tertiary syphilis.Materials and methods A 50-year-old woman, with a history of syphilis for 26 years, noted the signs of inflammation in the ankle joint during increased loading two months after total knee arthroplasty on the left joint. The examination revealed total destruction of the talus. The diagnosis was Charcot neuroosteoarthropathy of the foot, active stage. After 2.5 months of unloading, based on the results of a CT study of the left ankle joint and 3D modeling, a 3D porous titanium customized implant was fabricated; resection calcaneotibial arthrodesis with autograft harvesting from the tibial canal and plastic surgery of the defect with a 3D implant and fixation with the Ilizarov apparatus were performed. Five months after the operation, consolidation was determined based on the results of control radiographs, and the Ilizarov apparatus was dismantled.Discussion The proposed method of surgical treatment for total destruction of the talus and the resulting defect-diastasis allows for reconstructive intervention with immediate compensation of shortening, regardless of the shape and size of the defect, to avoid secondary shortening of the limb while maintaining its ability to support, thereby preventing the occurrence of secondary overload changes in the adjacent joints.Conclusion The initial results in this clinical case seem encouraging, but additional research is required to clarify the indications and patient selection criteria for this treatment method.
Effective combination of arthroscopic and minimally invasive surgery for chronic posterolateral elbow instability
Authors: Medvedchikov A. E. , Anastasieva E. A. , Oleynik B. A. , Simonyan A. A. , Prokopovich T. E. , Kyrilova I. A. 
Published: February 2025

Introduction Trauma and extreme physical activity may result in common patterns of forearm dislocation, which account for 10 to 25 % of all elbow injuries in the adult population. Good long-term results of eliminating joint dislocation with the use of conservative treatment have been much described, but 8 % of patients experience symptoms of chronic instability. We present a case of successful arthroscopic treatment of ligamentous stabilizers of the elbow joint using an effective combination of implants for its posterolateral instability. We found no publications on such an experience in the Russian literature.The purpose of the work is to present a clinical case of an effective combination of arthroscopic and minimally invasive surgery methods for reconstruction of the ligamentous apparatus in chronic posterolateral instability of the elbow joint.Material and methods Patient N., 31 years old, suffered chronic posterolateral rotational instability of the left elbow joint after dislocation of the forearm bones for more than 10 years. The operative technique was based on the principles of minimally invasive reconstructive plastic surgery and meets the objectives of gentle treatment of soft tissues, allowing visualization of the lesion and avoiding the contact with neuro‑vascular structures. Baseline clinical tests (O'Driscoll, Regan/Lapner, Pollock), questionnaires (VAS, DASH, MEPS, SF‑36), and MRI, 1.5 Tesla MRI scans of dynamic stabilizer disruption are reflected. Evaluation was performed at two control points (45 and 180 days).Results The assessment was carried out at two control points. First follow-up (45 days): flexion/extension 50/175º, pronation/supination 90/90º, VAS 2, DASH 24.2, MEPS 80 points, respectively. Second follow‑up (180 days): VAS 1, DASH 9.2, MEPS 95 points, comparative ranges of motion corresponded to a healthy joint. An MRI study confirmed the progress of the autotenograft and tendon ligamentization in the area of reinsertion, the absence of inflammatory changes and no heterotopic ossification.Discussion Improvements in elbow surgery and technical progress are focused on minimally invasive interventions, while arthroscopy of the elbow joint is still technically difficult due to a limited space. And yet, this is an effective treatment method, as a result of which specialists can avoid a wide range of complications (14.7 %), and patients start rehabilitation faster and, as a result, recover faster than with open surgical approaches with a higher percentage of risks (52 %).Conclusion The combination of the above techniques avoids conflict with neurovascular structures, provides visual control of the implantation of anchors and, as a result, reduces the overall risk of complications in the treatment of a rare group of patients with instability of the elbow joint.
Social Research and Science: Composition and Foundations (Methodological
Analysis)
Authors: Rozin V.M. 
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the nature and specifics of social science. At the
same time, the author, on the one hand, reflects on existing social
research, therefore analyzes several cases, on the other hand, discusses the
foundations of social science, which were highlighted by famous social
scientists and philosophers, Z. Bauman, B. Latour, N. Luhmann, V. Fedotova.
The author, following Fedotova, comes to the conclusion that two
methodologies and approaches are implemented in the social sciences –
natural science and humanitarian; An analysis of their structure and
operation is proposed. In addition to this pattern, the populational and
cultural-historical nature of sociality is pointed out. The boundaries of
research into the foundations of social science are discussed.
Religious Prerequisites for State Interest
Authors: Makarenko V.P. 
Published: February 2025

150 years ago, M.A. Bakunin noticed the similarity between the classes
of priests and statesmen (bureaucrats, military men, diplomats). In his
opinion, both are worthy of a thousandfold hard labor and the gallows, “…
for there is no horror, cruelty, sacrilege, perjury, deception, low deal,
cynical theft, shameless robbery and dirty treason that would not be
committed … by representatives of states, without any other excuse than the
elastic, so convenient and at the same time so terrible word: state
interest”. Let us note that the state interest (hereinafter SI) not only
connects the classes of priests and bureaucracy (since their activities are
criminal), but also masks its criminal content. Was Mikhail Alexandrovich
original in such a definition of SI or did he rely on similar opinions of
his contemporaries? Let me remind you that by the time Bakunin made his
statement, A.I. Herzen&#x27;s “The Bell” had already been published in
Europe, and the notes of Prince P.V. Dolgorukov and the books of Father D.I.
Rostislavov had been published. All of them recorded the aforementioned
human qualities among representatives of the Russian aristocracy and clergy
from the time of the formation of the Moscow Principality, with a special
emphasis on the situation in the mid-19th century. The book of the Marquis
de Custine and his assessment of Russia had acquired European fame by the
time of Bakunin&#x27;s activity. Experts in the field of knowledge and
assessment of Custine&#x27;s book note that its content is applicable to
the Russia of Stalin and Brezhnev. The book goes beyond the time depicted in
it, and is a real historical document, by which one can study time intervals
from one hundred to two hundred years. It is such a document, by which one
can study time intervals from one hundred to two hundred years, it can be
perceived as an introduction to the study of the problem of the
prerequisites for the GI of today&#x27;s Russia3. Does it follow that
Bakunin repeated the well-known opinions and assessments of his Russian and
European contemporaries who disagreed with the political structure of
Nicholas&#x27;s Russia? Or is his opinion confirmed by modern research?
The Ethical Principles of “Abiding In” from John’s Perspective
Authors: Nainggolan Cathryne Berliana 
Published: February 2025

Johannine Literature is known for its rich theological perspective. Grounding from his theological standpoints, he draws his ethical principles. One of the disputes in this book is whether John has explicit or implicit ethical implications for his teaching. The methodology used in this paper is a literature review using exegetical sources. This paper focuses on one of John’s teachings, “abiding in” and its ethical principles. The concept of “abiding in” portrays the identity and authority of Jesus related to His Father, the status and fellowship between Jesus and His disciples, as a mark of true or false disciples, and as a basis to live as Jesus lived. Deriving from this concept, abiding in Jesus is the ground of ethical principles: living in the light, loving others, and obeying the truth.
Bibliometric Insights Into the Open Education Landscape
Authors: Zou Rong , Jiang Leilei , Wider Walton 
Published: February 2025

This bibliometric analysis explores the rapidly growing field of open education, offering insight into its nature and the wide range of academic topics it covers. This study applies co-citation and co-word analyses approach to critically review 402 publications from the Web of Science database. The aim is to identify emerging topics, seminal works, and dominant trends in the literature on open education. The co-citation analysis identifies key publications and thematic clusters that define the field, including discussions on pedagogical innovations, equity and accessibility, quality assurance, and the global impact of open educational practices (OEP). Co-word analysis, on the other hand, highlights the recurrent and emerging keywords within the literature, revealing focal points such as digital transformation in education, the role of massive open online courses (MOOCs), and the significance of open educational resources (OER) in fostering inclusive and equitable learning environments. This study stands out for its quantitative approach in mapping the current academic conditions of open education, offering insights into the dynamic interplay between technology, policy, and pedagogy. It emphasizes the need for a collaborative, inclusive approach to education, employing open educational resources and methods to fulfill the different needs of learners globally. Through this analysis, the study contributes to a deeper understanding of the current state and future directions of open education, advocating for policies and practices that support sustainable, accessible, and high-quality educational experiences.
Modelling intrusion detection systems using swarm intelligence
Authors: Sigogo Wamashudu , Mushininga Rodney 
Published: February 2025

Conventional intrusion detection systems encounter difficulties in addressing advanced cyber threats and handling the increasing volume of network data. This research presents a modernisation strategy by integrating swarm intelligence algorithms to enhance the efficiency and efficacy of intrusion detection. This research employs qualitative observational and content analysis methodologies to investigate the utilisation of swarm intelligence in improving intrusion detection systems. Findings demonstrate substantial enhancements in detection rates and system efficacy, with swarm intelligence algorithms attaining a true positive detection rate of over 99% and minimising false positives to as low as 2%. These findings highlight the impending substitution of conventional intrusion detection systems with swarm intelligence-based alternatives, offering significant enhancement in cybersecurity capabilities.
Еnеrgy Efficiеnt Nеural Nеtwork Control of a Brushlеss DC Motor
Authors: Vеlchеnko A. A. , Pauliukavеts S. A. , Radkеvich A. A. , Ibrahim A. K. 
Published: February 2025

The paper considers the main trends in the development of electric motors for electric vehicles and mobile robots, as well as trends in the development of modern methods for calculating power electronics and electric drives based on an artificial neural network. Aspects of the efficiency development of modern synchronous and brushless DC motors are presented. Based on the mathematical model of a brushless DC motor, the architecture of a control unit with a neural network controller is built. A proactive calculation of the neural network was carried out, and the rules for adjusting the weighting coefficients were determined. Based on proactive calculation, a PID controller with self-adjusting parameters using a neural network was built, as well as a block diagram of the PID control system was built on the basis of the BP neural network; also, a speed controller was built using MATLAB modules. Besides, an S-activation function was built as a controller of the BP neural network; the function was based on the mathematical description of the neural network of the control unit of a brushless DC motor. The paper shows in detail the installation of a demultiplexer for better distribution of the S-function output. The resulting neural network encapsulates the S-function of the weight function. Based on the results of the neural network research and analysis of the BP neural network algorithm, a control algorithm has been established that is used to control the PID controller and is encapsulated in the simulation system. The theoretical possibilities of calculation based on a feedback neural network for constructing a simulation model of adaptive control of a brushless DC motor are demonstrated.
Validating Rig Control Services for Commissioning: Comprehensive Field Test Validation to Gain End User Acceptance
Authors: Wessling S. , Forshaw M. , Manseth A. , Lien M. , Hovda S. , Orevik M. , Seldal S. , Leirvik E. 
Published: February 2025

The oil and gas industry is at a pivotal moment, driven by macroeconomic pressures to enhance efficiency and reduce costs. According to a report by McKinsey & Company, digital technologies could reduce upstream capital expenditures (CAPEX) by 20%, potentially unlocking over $100 billion in value globally each year [1]. Similarly, a study by the Boston Consulting Group (BCG, see [2]) found that the adoption of automation and digital tools in drilling operations can reduce drilling costs by up to 15% and improve well delivery time by as much as 30%. The International Association of Drilling Contractors (IADC) further reports that drilling automation can reduce non-productive time (NPT) by up to 35%, directly contributing to cost savings and operational efficiency [3].
Well-documented case studies provide tangible evidence of the potential gains from digital transformation in drilling operations, further fueling industry appetite for these technologies. The consistent successes outlined in these studies demonstrate that the high-value savings projected by McKinsey, BCG, and others are not only aspirational but achievable. This growing body of real-world data reassures stakeholders that the anticipated CAPEX reductions and efficiency improvements are realistic and within reach. Consequently, there is strong momentum across the industry to embrace these innovations, as the recoverable value in well construction becomes increasingly apparent.
Despite the promising results, pinpointing exactly which micro-KPIs (key performance indicators) are impacted by specific digital tools remains challenging. Complex interactions within digital ecosystems make it difficult to isolate the contributions of individual technology components, complicating the evaluation process. This highlights the need for a robust framework to assess and quantify the impact of specific innovations on overall performance metrics in well construction.
Moreover, implementing these "system of systems" solutions often involves a collaborative, multi-organizational approach. In these cases, both the technology stack and the end-user base are distributed across multiple organizations, each with unique processes and standards. This distributed structure amplifies the challenges associated with managing change, as alignment across diverse stakeholders is crucial for successful implementation and sustained user adoption. Unlike deployments within a single organization, multi-organizational projects require a more rigorous and structured management of change (MOC) process to ensure smooth integration and minimize risks associated with system interoperability.
Drill Bit Having a Weight-On-Bit Reducing Effect: Theoretical, Laboratory, and Field Investigations
Authors: Pelfrene G. , Reboul S. , Tissot V. , McAllister D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) drill bits are typically designed with cutters set to a side rake angle close to 0°. In plastic rock formations, which tend to exhibit balling issues, positive side rake angles (typically +5°) have been implemented for decades to facilitate the removal of cuttings in front of the cutter towards the outer part of the drill bit. Except for some very specific drill bit applications, the side rake angle is usually not considered as a proper bit design parameter, although its influence on the orientation of cutting forces and bit performance is significant. This paper presents a new concept of a drill bit having a weight on bit (WOB) reducing effect based on the use of negative side rake angles notably lower than 0°. Experimental data from the literature suggest that the side rake angle does not intrinsically impact cutting forces, but only affects their orientation. Based on these results, a standard cutter-rock interaction model has been selected, and drill bit numerical simulations have been run to evaluate the impact of negative side rake angles (down to −20° in the cone area). Numerical results show a decrease of 20.2% in WOB over a range of target penetration rates (ROP), for a bit design implementing the side rake feature, compared to a reference design. These two bit designs have been manufactured to validate theoretical results in the lab. Experimental drilling bench tests, including repeatability tests, have been conducted under varying conditions (limestone/sandstone, soft/hard rock, atmospheric/pressurized, varying target ROP). In harder rocks or high confining pressure tests, experimental results show a similar decrease of 16.7% in average WOB over a similar range of target ROP. A moderate increase of 9.6% in WOB is observed in softer rocks or low confining pressure tests. The side rake feature has now been implemented in more than 10 field runs, targeting applications where lower levels of WOB are required to reduce vibration and enhance bit durability, while still achieving above-average ROP. All bits demonstrated excellent performance in footage, ROP, and wear conditions. In cases where a comparison was available with the same design without the WOB-reducing feature, drill bits with the feature consistently outperformed those without it. In addition to model and lab experiments suggesting a general reduction in drilling energy, one large diameter application also achieved the lowest drilling vibration levels ever recorded by the directional drilling provider. This paper shows theoretical, experimental, and field results surrounding how the use of the WOB-reducing feature in drilling applications allows to reduce the drilling energy requirement to achieve a given ROP, resulting in improved drilling performance.
System for Real-Time Rate of Penetration Optimization Using Machine Learning with Integrated Preventive Safeguards Against Hole Cleaning Issues and Stick-Slip
Authors: Robinson T. S. , Mohammed Arshad P. , Revheim O. E. , Regan M. , Bekkeheien P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Drilling related costs can contribute 30-70% of operators’ capital expenditures for well construction. To reduce costs, operators can reduce bit-on-bottom time and flat time. This work describes a drilling optimization advisory system utilizing machine learning (ML) with integrated safeguards for preventing issues that might occur following drilling parameter changes intended to increase rate of penetration (ROP), such as hole cleaning (HC) issues which might lead to stuck pipe, or stick-slip that reduces drilling efficiency.
This work builds on the authors’ previous publications on ROP optimization (OTC-31680-MS, SPE-214521-MS), incorporating modules targeted at prompt detection of stick-slip for timely mitigation, and ensuring advised drilling parameter changes do not potentially cause HC issues and pack-offs. The HC safeguard utilized a downhole Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD) estimation ML model (SPE-208675-MS), queried by the optimizer to estimate effects of proposed drilling parameter changes, and corresponding ROP, on the ECD. A configurable tolerance to (expected) ECD changes from baseline parameters ensured any ECD increases were acceptable. The stick-slip detector monitored the frequency spectra of surface rotary speed and torque measurements, and utilized a classifier to estimate the probability of stick-slip symptoms’ presence.
The ROP optimization system with integrated ECD safeguard has been field-deployed in SE Asia since Q4 2023, with no stuck pipe incidents relating to pack-offs occurring since this version of the software has been in use. The further enhanced version with integrated stick-slip detection was deployed to field operations in Q2 2024; analysis of historical well data with torsional vibration issues demonstrates the detector identifies stick-slip with high performance, achieving a precision of 0.92 on holdout (unseen) drilling data intervals from five wells, with all stick-slip symptoms present in the data identified. With stick-slip identified based on the estimated probabilities, human monitoring staff are notified, and the ROP optimizer automatically alters its behavior to allow torsional vibrations to be mitigated in order to maintain high drilling efficiencies.
The Literature contains many works on the separate topics of stuck pipe prevention, ROP optimization and vibration mitigation, however these have not previously been incorporated into a holistic system balancing these different, sometimes competing, objectives. This work demonstrates effective integration of modules for ROP optimization, and detection of pack-off risks and torsional vibrations, into a combined system enabling increased drilling efficiency while reducing risks leading to non-productive time, contributing to overall reduced well construction time.