bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UNDERSTANDING THE NEW NIH DATA SHARING REQUIREMENTS: WHY THEY IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF RESEARCH
Authors: McNally James 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In 2021, NIH began a long period of planning, drafting, and requesting public comment to create a new data-sharing policy, beginning with a Request For Information (RFI). The new policy, beginning January 25, 2023, will apply broadly to all scientific data produced with NIH funding. NACDA and (ICPSR), drawing upon our expertise and understanding of best practices for data sharing, have been working actively to develop tools and resources to assist NIH grant recipients in complying with federal data-sharing expectations with minimal disruptions to their research. This presentation will provide a detailed overview of the new data-sharing requirements and how to incorporate them into the required data-sharing plan. We will offer examples of successful data-sharing plans, identifying an appropriate repository, budgeting for the data preparation process, and creating informed consent documents consistent with the spirit of the NIH Data Sharing requirements. In addition to explaining the new data-sharing policy, the presentation will discuss the rationale behind the requirements and how they contribute to data equity using the FAIR principles. By increasing access to federally funded data, we contribute to a multidisciplinary approach that enhances cross-disciplinary communication and a broad understanding of different ways of knowing when working collaboratively with other researchers. Team Science has facilitated substantive discourse between qualitative and quantitative specialists. Multidisciplinary research increasingly represents a critical aspect of overall knowledge creation. Finally, the presentation will illustrate how data-sharing increases the impact of studies and enhances the credentials of researchers who engage in data-sharing.
HOW’S YOUR MEMORY? CONVERGENCE OF AMBULATORY COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE AND RETROSPECTIVE PERFORMANCE REPORTS
Authors: Zheng Anqing , Vo Tina , Muñoz Elizabeth , Wadsworth Sally , Sliwinski Martin , Reynolds Chandra 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Calibration accuracy, the agreement between individuals’ perceived performance and actual performance, plays a critical role in self-regulated learning, knowledge monitoring, and goal maintenance. However, it is unclear how calibration accuracy operates at the micro-level timescales, especially among individuals approaching midlife. We investigated the convergence between perceived cognitive performance and the trajectory of momentary assessments collected repeatedly over 14 days. We analyzed the data of 440 participants (Mage = 35.78, %Female = 57.7%) from the Colorado Adoption/Twin Study of Lifespan Behavioral Development and Cognitive Aging (CATSLife1), who completed spatial working memory tasks administered via smartphones up to three times a day. On average, participants’ working memory improved across the 14-day period (β=-.014, SE=.001, p&lt;.001), with lower scores indicating more accurate placement and better performance. Moreover, we observed less day-to-day variability in working memory performance (β=-.010, SE=.001, p&lt;.001). The trajectory of working memory performance was consistent with participants’ evaluations of cognitive performance after completing the study: those perceiving improvement in their performance tended to perform better overtime (r = .25, SE = .046) and showed less variability in momentary assessments (r = -.28, SE = .046). Participants’ self-reported performance was also positively correlated with their working memory intercept at the start of the study (r = .34, SE=.045). Exploratory analyses then examined the associations between momentary calibration accuracy and other personality characteristics (e.g., openness). Our findings suggest that understanding the dynamic interplay between calibration accuracy and cognitive performance could shed light on individual differences during periods of cognitive maintenance versus decline.
UTILIZATION OF ELDER CARE AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH DEMENTIA IN SWEDEN: A REGISTER-BASED STUDY
Authors: sm-Rahman Atiqur , Meinow Bettina , Hydén Lars-Christer , Kelfve Susanne 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The growing number of people living with dementia (PlwD) implies an increase in the demand for eldercare at different stages of the disease. This study aims to investigate the utilization of eldercare among people with and without dementia in Sweden during the last five years of life and what social-background factors influence the use of eldercare. Data were derived from four linked Swedish national registers comprising all decedents aged 70+ in Sweden as of November 2019 (n=6294). The primary outcome variable was the utilization of eldercare (no care, homecare, residential care). Following the study sample retrospective from death, data analysis was performed using multinomial and linear logistic regression models. Results showed that (1) nearly a quarter of all PlwD did not use any eldercare, primarily people who were newly diagnosed with dementia and living with partners; (2) three out of four PlwD used residential care in the last years of life; and (3) age, gender, and cohabitation status were important social-background factors determining utilization of eldercare for PlwD. This study provides unique insight that many Swedes with a dementia diagnosis do not receive any eldercare and that the utilization of eldercare increases with time since dementia diagnosis. We suggest more research to investigate why a substantial part of PlwD does not have any eldercare at all and what the policy implications of this might be.
USE OF PRESCRIPTION MEDICATIONS WITH SOMNOLENCE AS A POTENTIAL ADVERSE EFFECT AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Wilder Jocelyn 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Over half of community-dwelling older adults experience sleep disorders, with approximately 40% reporting somnolence or/and excessive daytime sleepiness, associated with an increased risk for cognitive impairment and premature mortality. The use and concurrent use of prescription medication with somnolence as an adverse effect may be an overlooked contributor to this growing problem. This study aims to characterize the use or concurrent use of medications with somnolence as an adverse effect and to assess associations between their use and the prevalence of somnolence (excessive daytime sleepiness or sleep duration of ≥9 hours) using data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) 2010-2011 (N=3,338). Adjusted prevalence was estimated from multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for socio-demographic measures and the number of medications without somnolence as an adverse effect. The estimated prevalence of somnolence was 54% for those reporting use of 3 or more medications with somnolence as an adverse effect vs. 36.5% for those not using such medications. The use of prescription medications with somnolence as a potential adverse effect was prevalent. Concurrent use of medications with somnolence as an adverse effect was associated with a higher prevalence of somnolence. These findings demonstrate the need for more research to understand the impact of concurrent use of medications with similar adverse side effects on OAs’ health and well-being.
PREDICTING 10 YEAR MORTALITY WITH MACHINE LEARNING: EVIDENCE FROM NATIONAL SOCIAL LIFE, HEALTH, AND AGING PROJECT
Authors: Li Yiang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The current academic literature extensively used linear logistic models with social, behavioral, and psychological status to predict mortality. However, few address the interdependency of predictors and the imbalance of targets that adversely bias the results. Using the National Social Life Health and Aging Project (NSHAP), we developed two machine learning models predicting the 10-year mortality of older adults in the US. We first used tree-based algorithms of Decision Tree (DT) that account for the interdependency of the social features and decide the splitting nodes and thresholds using entropy gain conditional on the previous splitting predictor to discern disposition status. Second, we used the Fuzzy Support Vector Machine (FSVM) that regards every sample as a node in high-dimensional vector space and splits the nodes with an optimum plane by finding the best linear combination of features to get an optimum prediction accuracy. Additionally, FSVM addresses the target imbalance problem by conducting a more delicate classification of samples with close predicted probabilities of being alive and deceased. Compared to the accuracy rates achieved by the Logistic Regression, our algorithms perform better on the entire population and the population near the class boundary. We also discussed the social and demographic characteristics of the cases whose disposition statuses were either wrongly predicted as deceased or alive by our algorithms. The findings serve important purposes for public health practitioners in accurately understanding the risk and protective factors of mortality in aging.
EFFECTS OF DISCLOSING DIAGNOSES AND BIOMARKER RESULTS FOR ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND RELATED DISORDERS
Authors: Amano Takashi , Carpenter Brian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Early diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) has been recognized as a key strategy to improve health-related outcomes. However, given that these conditions are highly stigmatized, receiving a diagnostic label or knowing about biomarkers related to MCI or ADRD may have a profound impact on the person’s life. As the impacts of disclosure of diagnostic information related to MCI and ADRD on the well-being of people living with these conditions are not well understood, this symposium attempts to address this knowledge gap. The first presenter will describe a study that examined racial/ethnic variations in the effects of diagnostic labeling of ADRD on social aspects of the person’s life. The second presenter will discuss findings from a systematic review of the effects of ADRD and cognitive impairment on social engagement. The third presenter will present the findings of the study on the effect of amyloid PET results disclosure on health-related behaviors of people with MCI. The fourth presenter will describe the results of an online vignette study on the outcomes of a preclinical Alzheimer disease diagnosis. The fifth presenter will discuss the use of blood biomarkers to aid in the diagnosis of ADRD in primary care (PC). At the end of the presentation, the discussant will highlight implications for future research and policy development to alleviate negative impacts and maximize the positive impacts of a diagnostic label of MCI and ADRD.
INFLUENCES OF HAVING COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT OR DEMENTIA ON SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT AMONG OLDER ADULTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Scher Clara , Amano Takashi , Reynolds Addam , Jia Yuane 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Studies have suggested that promoting and maintaining social engagement are positively associated with various well-being outcomes in later life. One notable barrier to sustaining social engagement in later life is development of cognitive impairment (CI) and/or Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD). This study aims to synthesize existing literature exploring the impact of CI and ADRD on social engagement among older adults. We conducted a search of studies written in English language in the following databases: PsychInfo, PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library. Inclusion criteria included: observational studies that were conducted outside of residential long-term care facilities, included social engagement as an outcome variable, and examined the impact of cognitive impairment and/or ADRD on social engagement. Eighteen studies were included for qualitative synthesis. The majority of studies used author-developed scales to measure social engagement. Three utilized formal clinical diagnosis to measure cognitive impairment and ADRD. Twenty unique social activities were included, such as volunteering, attending community groups, and religious services. Four primary themes emerged regarding the relationship between CI/ADRD and social engagement: decreased levels of social engagement, reduced variety of social activities, lowered motivation, and heterogeneity in social engagement. Results suggest that people with CI/ADRD have reduced social engagement, but the evidence is limited due to the inconsistent use of measures for social engagement and CI/ADRD. Future research is needed to develop valid and reliable measures of social engagement that can be used among individuals living with CI/ADRD.
COMMUNITY ADVISORY COUNCILS: AN ENGAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR PATIENT-CENTERED LEARNING
Authors: Severance Jennifer 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Advisory councils provide a forum for patients and families to partner with health care systems and share experiences, perspectives, ideas, feedback, and recommendations that can improve both the patient experience and health care outcomes. Research shows that patient partnerships fostered through advisory councils can also positively impact health professions education and training by supporting patient-centered learning. With a goal to promote collaboration among community stakeholders in the delivery of geriatrics education and training, a Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Program formed a Community Advisory Council. A project team developed the council goals, structure, application and recruitment processes, and facilitation methods. Over two years, a total of 27 older adults, caregivers and community advocates participated in the advisory council both online and in-person. Council members completed an orientation session and met four times over a twelve-month period. At each meeting, faculty prepared two to four open-ended discussion questions regarding knowledge, skills, and attitudes relevant to the nursing home workforce, student education, continuing education, and community outreach. Responses were collected through paper surveys and online forms. Thematic analysis of qualitative responses identified common themes that were shared with education and clinical leadership to inform and improve learning experiences, health care processes, and council engagement. Presenters will describe the council’s structure and composition as well as recruitment, facilitation, and evaluation methods, and lessons learned. This project demonstrates a replicable model of evaluating education that involves older adults, families and community in co-creating quality learning and patient experiences.
THE ROLE OF CONTEXTUAL FACTORS IN ADULT DEVELOPMENT AND AGING
Authors: Hueluer Gizem , Nakagawa Takeshi , Wahl Hans-Werner 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Individual development is embedded in multiple environmental systems, ranging from broader distal cultural and historical contexts to more proximal residential, family, and partnership contexts. The goal of this symposium is to showcase research studying the role of distal and proximal contextual factors in the development and aging of key domains, including health, cognitive function, social relationships, and emotional experiences. Nakagawa et al. examine cultural differences in the associations of positive affect and loneliness with longevity using data from prospective surveys in the United States (1986–2005) and Japan (1987–2006). Hülür et al. use 35-year longitudinal data (1977-2012) from 3,482 participants of the Seattle Longitudinal Study to examine associations between perceived residential neighborhood characteristics and trajectories of cognitive aging. Kobayashi et al. study cohort and gender differences in trajectories of social contact and social participation and the effects of being married and living with a child using data from the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly (1987-2021). Meier et al. will present data from a study on emotional co-regulation in younger and older couples’ daily lives focusing on situational factors (e.g., psychological availability) within romantic relationships that can shape daily emotional experiences and relationship quality. The discussion by Hans-Werner Wahl will focus on how these approaches contribute to our understanding of processes of context dynamics and how they can be utilized to promote the maintenance of health and function in aging.
DO POSITIVE AFFECT AND LONELINESS PREDICT LONGEVITY ACROSS CULTURES? FINDINGS FROM THE UNITED STATES AND JAPAN
Authors: Nakagawa Takeshi , Hueluer Gizem , Horn Andrea 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Prior studies have revealed the beneficial effects of positive affect and the harmful effects of negative affect on health and longevity. The majority of the evidence comes from Western countries, but cross-cultural studies suggest that the relationship between affect and health varies by culture. In this preregistered secondary analysis (https://osf.io/ke5pr), we investigated variations in the links of positive affect and loneliness with longevity across cultures. Data were derived from comparable surveys in the United States (1986–2005) and Japan (1987–2006). We identified case-matched American and Japanese samples based on age and sex (n = 1,663 per country, mean age = 70 years). Positive affect (2 items), negative affect (2 items), and loneliness (1 item) were measured using five available items from the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. The measurement model of positive and negative affect was invariant across cultures. The affect scores were standardized based on each sample. Cox proportional hazard models assessed the associations of positive affect and loneliness with mortality. We used multiple imputation for missing data. Greater positive affect was associated with reduced mortality risk across cultures (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] = 0.955 [0.914–0.998]) after controlling for negative affect and demographic and health factors. Culture did not moderate the association. Additional adjustment for behavioral factors attenuated the hazard ratio to statistical non-significance. Loneliness and negative affect were not associated with mortality. Our findings suggest that the health benefits of positive affect are primarily similar across cultures.
DOES LIVING WITH A FAMILY AFFECT SOCIAL CONTACT/PARTICIPATION? VARIATIONS ACROSS BIRTH COHORTS AND GENDER IN JAPAN
Authors: Kobayashi Erika 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Changing family structures and values might have affected social relationships outside the household in a different way for men and women. This study clarified birth cohort and gender differences among older Japanese in terms of (a) trajectories of social contact and participation and (b) effects of living with a family on them. Data were obtained from ten waves of the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly (1987-2021) for 5,855 individuals who commenced participation by 2012. Quadratic growth models were examined as a function of age at time t (≥63 years) for the frequency of contact with children living apart, with friends and neighbors, and participation in community groups, whose intercept and slope were predicted by gender and birth cohorts (C1:1902-13, C2:1914-25, C3:1926-37, C4:1938-49). Whether effects of being married and co-residing with a child would differ by gender and cohorts was also examined, controlling for socioeconomic and health status. The results showed that the level of contact/participation at age 75 increased in women in recent cohorts. The frequency for friends and groups declined with age after the mid-70s across cohorts. C4 showed a steeper decline in the child/friend contact, indicating the COVID-19 influence. Living with a family generally impeded social contact, except that married men contacted non-coresident children more frequently than their unmarried counterparts. The negative effect of living with a child was greater in women and the earliest birth cohort. Thus, social isolation could matter not only for older adults living alone, but also for those living with a family.
WIDOWHOOD AND COGNITIVE DECLINE: THE ROLES OF FRIENDS AND GENDER
Authors: Zhang Zhenmei , Liu Hui (Cathy) , Hsieh Ning 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Widowhood has been identified as a risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia. Yet less is known about the protective and exacerbating factors of cognitive decline following widowhood. This study examines the roles of friendship characteristics in moderating the negative effect of spousal loss on cognition for older Americans. Drawing on data from the 2006-2018 Health and Retirement Study, we aim to answer two questions: 1) whether friendship network and quality moderate the association between spousal loss and cognitive decline in late life; 2) whether the moderating effect of friendship characteristics on cognition differ for men and women. Cognitive trajectories were assessed every other year from 2006 to 2018 (in total 7 waves). Friend characteristics were assessed in the 2006 psychosocial questionnaire and included the number of close friends, contact frequency, and support and strain from friends. The analytical sample comprised 3,636 respondents aged 50 and older who were married in 2006 and participated in the psychosocial questionnaire. Among the final sample, 370 lost spouses between 2006 and 2010, and 3,266 remained married throughout the observation period. Preliminary results from latent growth curve models showed that several characteristics of friendship including contact frequency and strain from friends are significantly associated with cognitive function at baseline. Furthermore, strain from friends interacted with widowhood status and gender to shape cognitive trajectories. Specifically, higher friendship strain was associated with a faster cognitive decline for the widowed but not for the married a pattern observed only among men but not women
FRIENDSHIP NETWORKS AND HEALTH AMONG BLACK AND WHITE DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS
Authors: Ng Yee To , Birditt Kira 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Social networks and support protect against health risks associated with dementia caregiving. Yet, little is known about the unique role of friends in the dementia caregiving context, as most prior caregiving studies do not differentiate between family and friends when examining social networks and support. The experience of racism and stronger familial values among Black individuals may affect their friendship networks and the implications of friends for health. This study examines racial differences in the number of friends in close social networks, contact frequency and support from friends, and links with mental health among Black and White dementia caregivers. A total of 98 dementia caregivers (63% White Americans, 90% female, Meanage = 62.66) completed baseline interviews in which their social network and mental well-being were assessed. Findings revealed that White caregivers reported more friends in their close networks than Black caregivers. However, there were no racial differences in contact frequency with network friends, or the frequency of receiving practical and emotional help from friends in assisting patients with dementia. Furthermore, receiving emotional support from friends was linked to lower levels of anxiety and depression, and these effects were greater among White caregivers. Together, this study provides a better understanding of racial disparities in friendship networks among dementia caregivers and their implications for mental health.