bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mycorrhizal status and host genotype interact to shape plant nutrition in field grown maize (Zea mays ssp. mays)
Authors: Li Meng , Perez-Limón Sergio , Ramírez-Flores M. Rosario , Barrales-Gamez Benjamín , Meraz-Mercado Marco Antonio , Ziegler Gregory , Baxter Ivan , Olalde-Portugal Víctor , Sawers Ruairidh J. H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish symbioses with the major cereal crops, providing plants with increased access to nutrients while enhancing their tolerance to toxic heavy metals. However, not all plant varieties benefit equally from this association. In this study, we used quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping to evaluate the combined effect of host genotypic variation (G) and AMF across 141 genotypes on the concentration of 20 mineral elements in the leaves and grain of field grown maize (Zea mays spp. mays). Our mapping design included selective incorporation of a castor AMF-incompatibility mutation, allowing estimation of AMF, QTL and QTLxAMF effects by comparison of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants. Overall, AMF compatibility was associated with higher concentrations of boron (B), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), phosphorus (P), selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) and lower concentrations of arsenic (As), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), potassium (K) and strontium (Sr). In addition to effects on individual elements, pairwise correlation matrices for element concentration differed between mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants. We mapped 22 element QTLs, including 18 associated with QTLxAMF effects that indicate plant genotype-specific differences in the impact of AMF on the host ionome. Although there is considerable interest in AMF as biofertilizers, it remains challenging to estimate the impact of AMF in the field. Our design illustrates an effective approach for field evaluation of AMF effects. Furthermore, we demonstrate the capacity of the ionome to reveal host genotype-specific variation in the impact of AMF on plant nutrition.
Evaluation of friction calculation methods for rolling bearings
Authors: Zander M. , Otto M. , Lohner T. , Stahl K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn gearboxes, rolling bearing power losses often make up a large amount of the total gearbox power losses. Therefore, an exact calculation of rolling bearing power losses is very important for resource and energy efficient gearbox design. The state of the art offers numerous friction calculation methods with different levels of detail to calculate power losses of rolling bearings. Bearing manufacturers like SKF and Schaeffler offer popular bearing-based/global calculation methods for standard rolling bearings. Contact-based/local calculation methods can consider a wider application field by generalization of tribological relations, which enables its application to e.g. hybrid bearings or non-standard bearings. The different methods may yield widely differing results. For its validation, measurement results are required. In this study, a broad comparison of calculation results with substantial measurement results is shown. Based on the validation a classification of the calculation methods is derived, which provides guidance for the design engineer to choose the appropriate method for the respective application. Contact-based/local calculation methods have the potential to predict friction in rolling bearings precisely.
Neurological complications due to copper deficiency in the context of Wilson disease treatment: a case report with long-term follow-up and review of the literature
Authors: Tornabene Danilo , Bini Paola , Gastaldi Matteo , Vegezzi Elisa , Asteggiano Carlo , Marchioni Enrico , Diamanti Luca 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe objective is to investigate the presentation, complications, management, and outcomes of copper deficiency-induced neurological pathologies due to Wilson disease (WD) overtreatment. We examined the case of a WD patient who developed a low thoracic dorsal myelopathy due to chronic hypocupremia from excessive zinc therapy. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify similar cases. Ten additional cases of neurological pathology resulting from copper deficiency in the context of WD over-treatment were identified, all occurring during therapy with zinc salts. Myelopathy and peripheral neuropathy were the most common complications, while two additional groups reported leukoencephalopathy. Early cytopenia was often associated with copper deficiency-related neurological pathology appearing early in the context of copper deficiency. WD patients undergoing treatment, especially with zinc salts, should be closely monitored to prevent over-treatment and the consequent copper deficiency. Regular complete blood counts could provide early detection of copper deficiency, avoiding irreversible neurological damage. Swift recognition of new neurological signs not consistent with WD and timely discontinuation of the decoppering therapy are critical for improving outcomes. The optimal management, including the potential benefit of copper supplementation in patients with WD and subsequent therapy adjustments, remains unclear and necessitates further investigation. Despite the general poor functional neurological outcomes, there were some exceptions that warrant further exploration.
Sustainable employability, technology acceptance and task performance in workers collaborating with cobots: a pilot study
Authors: Picco Eleonora , Miglioretti Massimo , Le Blanc Pascale M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSustainable Employability (SE) and task performance of workers-collaborating-with-cobots is challenged. Whether SE policies can impact workers’ task performance in digitalized workplaces is still unknown. Drawing on two SE models, this study aims to ascertain whether the relationship between SE policies and task performance is mediated by health and productive capabilities, and whether this effect is moderated by the levels of User Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) predictors. 88 employees collaborating with cobots, or expected to do so in the near future, answered a cross-sectional survey. SE policies were positively related to task performance via health and productive capabilities. This indirect effect was moderated by the levels of UTAUT predictors, being significant only at low or medium levels of the moderators. SE policies contribute to employee capabilities, and in turn to workers’ task performance. Fostering health and productive capabilities is fundamental when employee levels of cobots’ acceptance are not high yet.
Evaluation of seagrass as a nature-based solution for coastal protection in the German Wadden Sea
Authors: Jacob Benjamin , Dolch Tobias , Wurpts Andreas , Staneva Joanna 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlobal climate change increases the overall risks for coastal flooding and erosion. Meanwhile, nature-based solutions (NbS) are increasingly becoming a focus of coastal protection measures to improve the climate adaptability. In this study, the present and potential future role of seagrass in coastal risk reduction strategies were explored for the highly energetic Wadden Sea area of the German Bight. The methodology in this study combined seagrass coverage data (Zostera marina and Zostera noltei) obtained by field surveys and what-if scenario simulations using the SCHISM unstructured grid model framework, coupling hydrodynamics, waves, sediments, and a seagrass module. The results suggest that the introduction of seagrass meadows locally can reduce both current velocities and significant wave heights in the order of up to 30$$\%$$
%
in the deeper areas and above 90$$\%$$
%
in the shallow areas. Reduction in bottom shear stress of a similar relative magnitude significantly reduced sediment mobilisation on the order of 2 g/L in the 95th quantile of bottom layer sediment concentrations. Effectively altering hydromorphodynamic conditions favouring sediment accumulation, seagrass expansion could help tidal flats height growths to keep up with SLR, thus further maintaining the bathymetry-induced tidal dampening and lowering flooding and erosion risks as well the amount of energy at dike infrastructure. The accumulated effect of seagrass under calm weather conditions is considered more important than the increased attenuation in absolute values it provides during extreme conditions. The overall conclusion is that seagrass expansion could be a useful addition to engineered coastal protection measures.
Cortical bone adaptation response is region specific, but not peak load dependent: insights from $$\mu$$CT image analysis and mechanostat simulations of the mouse tibia loading model
Authors: Miller Corey J. , Pickering Edmund , Martelli Saulo , Dall’Ara Enrico , Delisser Peter , Pivonka Peter 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe two major aims of the present study were: (i) quantify localised cortical bone adaptation at the surface level using contralateral endpoint imaging data and image analysis techniques, and (ii) investigate whether cortical bone adaptation responses are universal or region specific and dependent on the respective peak load. For this purpose, we re-analyse previously published $$\mu$$
μ
CT data of the mouse tibia loading model that investigated bone adaptation in response to sciatic neurectomy and various peak load magnitudes (F = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 N). A beam theory-based approach was developed to simulate cortical bone adaptation in different sections of the tibia, using longitudinal strains as the adaptive stimuli. We developed four mechanostat models: universal, surface-based, strain directional-based, and combined surface and strain direction-based. Rates of bone adaptation in these mechanostat models were computed using an optimisation procedure (131,606 total simulations), performed on a single load case (F = 10 N). Subsequently, the models were validated against the remaining six peak loads. Our findings indicate that local bone adaptation responses are quasi-linear and bone region specific. The mechanostat model which accounted for differences in endosteal and periosteal regions and strain directions (i.e. tensile versus compressive) produced the lowest root mean squared error between simulated and experimental data for all loads, with a combined prediction accuracy of 76.6, 55.0 and 80.7% for periosteal, endosteal, and cortical thickness measurements (in the midshaft of the tibia). The largest root mean squared errors were observed in the transitional loads, i.e. F = 2 to 6 N, where inter-animal variability was highest. Finally, while endpoint imaging studies provide great insights into organ level bone adaptation responses, the between animal and loaded versus control limb variability make simulations of local surface-based adaptation responses challenging.
COMPASSO mission and its iodine clock: outline of the clock design
Authors: Kuschewski Frederik , Wüst Jan , Oswald Markus , Blomberg Tim , Gohlke Martin , Bischof Jonas , Boac Alex , Alam Tasmim , Bußmeier André , Abich Klaus , Röder Niklas , Döringshoff Klaus , Hrabina Jan , Holá Miroslava , Oulehla Jindřich , Schuldt Thilo , Braxmaier Claus 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOne of the limiting factors for GNSS geolocation capabilities is the clock technology deployed on the satellites and the knowledge of the satellite position. Consequently, there are numerous ongoing efforts to improve the stability of space-deployable clocks for next-generation GNSS. The COMPASSO mission is a German Aerospace Center (DLR) project to demonstrate high-performance quantum optical technologies in space with two laser-based absolute frequency references, a frequency comb and a laser communication and ranging terminal establishing a link with the ground station located in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany. A successful mission will strongly improve the timing stability of space-deployable clocks, demonstrate time transfer between different clocks and allow for ranging in the mm-range. Thus, the technology is a strong candidate for future GNSS satellite clocks and offers possibilities for novel satellite system architectures and can improve the performance of scientific instruments as well. The COMPASSO payload will be delivered to the international space station in 2025 for a mission time of 2 years. In this article, we will highlight the key systems and functionalities of COMPASSO, with the focus set to the absolute frequency references.
Photobiomodulation and Wound Healing: Low-Level Laser Therapy at 661 nm in a Scratch Assay Keratinocyte Model
Authors: Mathioudaki Evdoxia , Rallis Michail , Politopoulos Konstantinos , Alexandratou Eleni 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the effectiveness of low power red light (661 nm) in accelerating the wound healing process of an in vitro scratch assay model of keratinocytes. Furthermore, the study aims to clarify the role of light irradiation parameters, optimize them and gain additional insight into the mechanisms of wound closure as a result of photobiomodulation. Wound healing was studied using scratch assay model of NCTC 2544 keratinocytes. Cells were irradiated with a laser at various power densities and times. Images were acquired at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h following the laser treatment. Cellular proliferation was studied by MTT. ROS were studied at 0 and 24 h by fluorescence microscopy. Image analysis was used to determine the wound closure rates and quantify ROS. The energy range of 0.18–7.2 J/cm2 was not phototoxic, increased cell viability and promoted wound healing. Power and irradiation time proved to be more important than energy. The results indicated the existence of two thresholds in both power and irradiation time that need to be overcome to improve wound healing. An increase in ROS production was observed at 0 h only in the group with the lowest healing rate. This early response seemed to block proliferation and finally wound healing. Low level laser light at 661 nm enhanced both proliferation and migration in keratinocytes, providing evidence that it could possibly stimulate wound healing in vivo. The observed results are dependent on irradiance and irradiation time rather than energy dose in total.
How do the people that feed Europe feed themselves? Exploring the (in)formal food practices of Almería’s migrant and seasonal food workers
Authors: Martínez María Alonso , Brons Anke , Wertheim-Heck Sigrid C. O. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe EU's Farm to Fork strategy (European Commission European Commission. 2020. Farm to Fork strategy. https://food.ec.europa.eu/horizontal-topics/farm-fork-strategy_en. Accessed 31 August 2023.) highlights the need for a resilient food system capable of providing affordable food to citizens in all circumstances. Behind the provision of affordable food for EU citizens there is the effort of many migrant and seasonal food workers (MSFWs). In Almería, Spain, the area with the biggest concentration of greenhouses in the world, MSFWs face vulnerability in the form of physical and institutional invisibility despite performing the essential task of providing affordable food for the EU’s food system. This paper aims to move on from structuralist concerns and place MSFWs’ lived experiences at the center, including the (in)formal nature of their food practices, to understand how the people that feed Europe feed themselves. A combination of social practice theories and diverse economies is used to explore MFSWs’ daily food routines. These theories are used as lenses that inform the data collection process, performed through semi-structured interviews, photography, and observations. The findings of the study reflect a dynamic portfolio of (in)formal practices that evolve based on the length of stay in the county. These practices demonstrate how the EU food system resilience relies on the diverse economies of migrant settlements. We conclude that informality is a reality in the EU food system, and that shedding light on previously hidden food practices and their structures can help us envision food security interventions that are inclusive for all actors involved.
Machine learning for leaf disease classification: data, techniques and applications
Authors: Yao Jianping , Tran Son N. , Sawyer Samantha , Garg Saurabh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe growing demand for sustainable development brings a series of information technologies to help agriculture production. Especially, the emergence of machine learning applications, a branch of artificial intelligence, has shown multiple breakthroughs which can enhance and revolutionize plant pathology approaches. In recent years, machine learning has been adopted for leaf disease classification in both academic research and industrial applications. Therefore, it is enormously beneficial for researchers, engineers, managers, and entrepreneurs to have a comprehensive view about the recent development of machine learning technologies and applications for leaf disease detection. This study will provide a survey in different aspects of the topic including data, techniques, and applications. The paper will start with publicly available datasets. After that, we summarize common machine learning techniques, including traditional (shallow) learning, deep learning, and augmented learning. Finally, we discuss related applications. This paper would provide useful resources for future study and application of machine learning for smart agriculture in general and leaf disease classification in particular.
Seismic behaviour of reinforced-masonry aggregate under different types of interaction between adjacent dwellings
Authors: Torres-Olivares Sebastian , González-Rodrigo Beatriz , Saavedra-Flores Erick I. , Mosquera-Feijoo Juan Carlos 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAssessing the seismic vulnerability of existing buildings is an essential task for the management of earthquake disasters. For this purpose, the seismic behaviour of buildings is usually determined under the assumption of isolated conditions, although aggregate structures are one of the most common typologies found in urban centres. This study aims to investigate the nonlinear static behaviour of aggregate dwellings consisting of grouted reinforced concrete block configurations commonly observed in San José, Costa Rica. This research investigates the use of several strategies to model connections between adjacent buildings which are typically found in modern building practises in this country. The methodology used here to analyse the seismic behaviour of isolated and row-aggregated dwellings reveals significant differences in their response under seismic loads, especially when acting perpendicular to the aggregate. The study reveals that the type of interaction considered between adjacent buildings has a very important impact on the seismic capacity and failure mechanisms of the aggregated structures. This procedure can also be applied to the vulnerability assessment and retrofit of existing aggregates.
Seismic vulnerability of industrial steel structures with masonry infills using a numerical approach
Authors: Liguori Francesco S. , Madeo Antonio , Formisano Antonio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecent earthquakes have highlighted the high vulnerability of the industrial structures that are not specifically designed for accounting seismic forces. Among them, a widespread typology is characterised by steel structures without bracing or other anti-seismic details and with masonry infills. With the aim of increasing the knowledge on the seismic behaviour of these structures, this work focuses on a mechanical-based approach for the evaluation of fragility curves for industrial areas. The exposure data are obtained by in-situ survey and acquiring information available in existing databases, like the Italian Cartis-GL one that is specifically devised for industrial structures. The variability of geometrical and mechanical data and the presence of epistemic uncertainties are considered by constructing a population of structures using the Monte Carlo method. Each structure is analysed through static-nonlinear simulations adopting mixed finite elements accounting for geometrical and constitutive nonlinearities. The approach is tested for infilled steel structures in the industrial area of the municipality of Spezzano Albanese (Italy). Results show that the presence of masonry infill drastically modifies the seismic behaviour of this structural typology. In particular, it turns out that if the mechanical contribution of the infill is neglected, the structures exhibit high damages even for low intensities of the seismic action.
An Implementation Evaluation of the Comprehensive Addiction Recovery Act (CARA) Policy in New Mexico
Authors: Sharp Nicholas , Fuchs Jessi , Drake Amy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this field report is to describe an evaluation of the fidelity with which the comprehensive addiction and recovery act (CARA) policy has been implemented in New Mexico.

Description
The CARA program in New Mexico focuses on providing nonpunitive supportive care for pregnant people affected by substance use and on coordinating services for parents, caregivers, and family members of newborns affected by substance exposure. The evaluation used information from program reports, a family follow-up survey, the plan of safe care database, and a data linkage between CARA participant records with Medicaid claims data.

Results
Follow-up survey data substantiated the program reports. Both sources showed that families were not engaged consistently in developing or receiving information about plans of safe care. The survey answers also indicated that the time-period immediately after the delivery of a baby is not the best time to communicate the contents of the plan of safe care to families. Additionally, the survey found that respondents believed that medical staff judged them for using substances during pregnancy. The Medicaid data linkage showed that 40.3% of families of infants exposed to substances in-utero did not receive a plan of safe care. Program reports revealed that limited resources existed for implementing CARA.

Conclusion
Program funding, limited system capacity, lack of systematic screening for prenatal substance use, regional differences in access to care, and provider biases toward pregnant people using substances affected health-care workers’ ability to identify at-risk families and develop plans of safe care. To support CARA implementation, healthcare systems must implement universal prenatal substance use screening, increase the level of anti-bias training pertaining to substance use, increase hospital supports, and improve data management systems.