bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunoinformatic Evaluation of the Cross-presentation of Donor Major Histocompatibility Derived Epitopes by Recipient Major Histocompatibility Class I Molecules in Transplantation Rejection
Authors: Koothradan Suhana , Elyas K. K. 
Published: December 2023

Aim:
The aim of this study was to analyze the cross-presentation of allopeptides derived from donor major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules by recipient class I MHC molecules in the context of transplantation rejection.

Materials and Methods:
The MHC molecules were selected based on frequency distribution in the Kerala (India) population using the “allelefrequency. net” database. The most frequent alleles were chosen as donor and recipient alleles. Different immunoinformatics servers such as Netcytotoxic T lymphocyte, NetMHCpan, and Immune Epitope Database MHC I were used for predicting potential T-cell epitopes, and MHC class I epitopes, respectively, from the chosen donor MHC molecule. Three peptides with strong binding affinities in all three predictions were selected for further analysis. The binding of these peptides to the second MHC class I molecule, the recipient one, and transporter associated with antigen processing protein was confirmed by molecular docking using the “AutoDockVina” tool. The binding interactions were visualized using the “Discovery Studio Visualizer” platform.

Results:
The ability of the selected class I MHC molecule, human leukocyte antigens (HLAs)-A* 11:01, considered the donor allele, to act as an exogenous antigen and to get processed into peptides and presented on the second class I MHC molecule, HLA-A*02:01, considered the recipient allele was confirmed. This immunoinformatics approach could help us to identify potential epitopes from an HLA class I molecule and to measure its ability to get cross-presented on a second HLA class I molecule to trigger the process of cell-mediated rejection.

Conclusion:
This immunoinformatics approach could help us to identify potential epitopes from an HLA class I molecule and to measure its ability to get cross-presented on a second HLA class I molecule to trigger the process of cell-mediated rejection. Our study provides an easy in silico method for predicting the chances of cell mediated rejection in organ transplantations involving an unrelated donor. We hope that this computational analysis will pave the way for simplifying the process involved in organ rejection prediction.
Comparative Evaluation of Skeletal and Dental Effects of Mini-Implant Assisted and Corticopuncture-Facilitated Rapid Palatal Expansion in Adults: A Randomized Clinical Study
Authors: Basu Sanjana , Goje Santosh Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Conventional rapid maxillary expansion (RME) in adults is difficult due to increased skeletal maturity of the midpalatal suture. Surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE) treatment is recommended for adults with strongly consolidated sutures but has lesser acceptance due to its invasive nature. Mini-implant-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) produced dentoalveolar side effects along with some skeletal effects in adults while being highly successful in adolescents and young adults. A lesser invasive technique combined with a purely bone-borne-rapid-maxillary-expansion appliance (BBRME) is suggested in this study to achieve maximum skeletal effects and minimize the dentoalveolar side effects of expansion in adults with completely fused midpalatal sutures as an alternative to SARPE.

Aim:
This study aims to evaluate and compare skeletal and dental effects of mini-implant assisted, and corticopuncture-facilitated rapid palatal expansion in adults.

Material and Methods:
A randomized clinical study was performed on 18 patients (mean age 20.77 years) who were randomly divided into two groups: Group A (Corticopuncture-facilitated BBRME) and Group B (conventional MARPE). Pretreatment (T0) and postexpansion (T1) skeletal and dental effects of both the groups were analyzed using cone-beam computed tomography imaging.

Results:
A student’s paired t-test was used to evaluate the difference in expansion achieved between the two groups (T1-T0). Group A (BBRME with corticopunctures) showed increased transverse widths at the basal bone, nasal base, and jugal processes. Group B (conventional MARPE) showed increased inclination of the posterior teeth indicating dental tipping. Both groups were successfully treated with their respective protocols but dentoalveolar side effects were significantly less in group A (BBRME) suggesting a better prognosis in BBRME group.

Conclusions:
Greater skeletal changes were seen in group A (BBRME) (P < 0.05*) than in group B. Group B (MARPE) showed more dental side effects like dental tipping and lesser skeletal expansion. Corticopuncture-facilitated bone-borne RME (BBRME) is a viable and efficient method of maximizing skeletal expansion in adults with fully obliterated midpalatal sutures.
Role of Emotional Intelligence in Academic Performance among Dental Students of South India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Swetha Pasupuleti , Ramesh KSV , Vanguru Raviteja , Sruthima Gottumukkala N. V. S. , Rajashekaraiah Premalatha Bidadi , Srinivas Sowmya 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Emotional intelligence (EI) is potentially associated with higher academic performance. However, sparse evidence exists in the Southern region of India, in assessing EI and its relation to academic performance in dental students.

Objective:
The objective is to emphasize the need for the relationship between EI and academic achievement among dental students.

Methods:
A cross-sectional, observational questionnaire research was carried out on 248 dental students. A questionnaire with 47 elements about EI was created using Google Forms and disseminated over E-mail and WhatsApp. The data were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software version 20.0. International Business Machines Corporation-United States of America (IBM-USA). The data were examined using the Chi-square test. A P < 0.05 was judged statistically significant.

Results:
EI is positively associated with high academic performance. A significantly association was identified between EI and gender (0.008). No statistical significance was found between EI and age, education. In multivariate analysis, females showed a significant association with EI in terms of gender. Low EI was observed in postgraduates compared to undergraduates and also with increasing age of the students.

Conclusion:
EI was found to be high in postgraduates and females. Primary data on the impact of EI on academic performance in dental students, and identified that its relationship with professional and lifestyle habits, gender were associated with EI, which in turn showed and academic performance. We hypothesized that the EI of students is associated with academic performance.
Implementation of Artificial Intelligence in Laboratory Medicine
Authors: Anjankar Ashish Prakash , Jha Roshan Kumar , Lambe Sandip 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
In advancing health care, the evolution of laboratory medicine is necessary to overcome the need for accurate, readily available, and relative data within the appropriate time window; we see artificial intelligence (AI) in laboratory medicine. The introduction of AI in the health-care sector has been believed as the practice of composite software and algorithms to compete with human intelligence in analysis, diagnosis, and research.

Materials and Methods:
A Google Form-based survey study on the use of AI in the laboratory setting was planned stepwise independently. First, 123 participants were shortlisted for an online discussion board; they were introduced to AI and its benefit and limitation in laboratory medicine. Content analysis was done directly using a close-ended questionnaire-based survey. In parallel, competent doctors and psychologists analyzed answers used for a further rough framework of themes.

Results:
Our participants with a positive attitude believe AI in the laboratory will have benefits with proper training and better information technology support. It is also time-saving, accurate, and cost-effective for diagnostic purposes.

Conclusion:
General practitioners and laboratory experts should uphold AI implementation. Attitude toward adopting AI was a significant factor in AI implementation and use. Further counseling of participants toward AI and its benefit in laboratory medicine will be helpful in better patient care and diagnosis.
Breath Malodor – A Review of the Fundamentals
Authors: Shenoy Nina , Shetty Akshatha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Recently, there has been an increased self-awareness of halitosis post the COVID-19 pandemic due to the continuous wearing of masks. Oral malodor, often known as foul/bad breath, is a foul odor that arises from the oral cavity. Numerous etiologic factors cause breath malodor, of which tongue coating is the most common intraoral cause. Extra-oral etiology, such as lung infections, diabetes, and kidney diseases, also plays a significant role. Halitosis is caused by anaerobic bacteria producing volatile sulfur compounds subsequent to protein degradation in the mouth. Intraoral etiology is the most common cause that can be efficiently treated with proper oral hygiene, mechanical, and chemical plaque control methods. Extra-oral etiology requires referral to a medical specialist. However, psychological causes such as halitophobia necessitate consultation with a clinical psychologist. Persistent oral malodor has a negative impact on social interactions and decreases the oral health-related quality of life. A literature search of review articles, systematic reviews, and studies on halitosis, using the mesh terms etiology, diagnosis, and management, was carried out using PubMed and Google Scholar search engines. This review addresses the basic concepts of oral malodor, its causes, pathophysiology, and management.
A Study to Assess Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Exclusive Breastfeeding among Postnatal Mothers in Order to Develop Information Booklet at Krishna Hospital, Karad
Authors: Lalichan Liby K. , Karale Rajashri Bhagwat , Naregal Prakash Mallikarjun , Mohite Vaishali Rajsinh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
World Health Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund recommended Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months for new-borns. Still, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding is very low in many developing countries.

Objective:
In present study we assessed knowledge, attitude and practices regarding Exclusive breastfeeding among postnatal mothers at Krishna Hospital, Karad, Maharashtra, India. Materials and Methods: A Descriptive survey research design utilized to assess knowledge, attitude and practices regarding exclusive breastfeeding among 100 postnatal mothers. A structured questionnaire used to assess knowledge, attitude and practices regarding Exclusive breastfeeding. Ethical clearance obtained from Ethical committee, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Deemed to Be University, Karad and informed consent obtained from participants in local language.

Results:
The result showed that, among 100 postnatal mothers, around 20(20%) of postnatal mother had poor knowledge on exclusive breastfeeding, 73(73%) had average knowledge and 7(7%) had good knowledge. The practice score of postnatal mothers regarding exclusive breastfeeding showed that 18(18%) mother had poor practice, 73 (73%) had average practice and 9 (9%) had good practice. Attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding were rated as positive by 11(11%) , majority of samples 76(76%) had a neutral opinion regarding exclusive breastfeeding, while roughly 13(13%) had a negative perspective. There was extremely significant association for knowledge and practices with demographic variables (P<0.0001). Also there was highly significant correlation found between attitude with demographic variables.

Conclusion:
Study findings conclude that most of the mother’s lack awareness on exclusively breastfeeding, thus researchers need to increase mothers’ knowledge by developing and distributing them information booklets.
“PEEP-ZEEP” Maneuver for Airway Clearance in Mechanically Ventilated Patients: A Scoping Review
Authors: Yadav Vaishnavi , Vardhan Vishnu , Deshpande Hemant , Acharya Sourya 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A mechanical ventilator is the standard care to manage airways in intensive care unit (ICU). The inherent complications associated with mechanical ventilation are easy to prevent and control. Ventilator events, including ventilator-associated pneumonia, are crucial issues to manage in critically ill patients. Secretion retention due to compromised mucociliary function and altered lung internal milieu plays a significant concern in ICU outcomes. Physiotherapy involved in ICU plays an essential role in maintaining lung hygiene. Conventional chest physiotherapy is an extrapulmonary technique to remove secretion and maintain bronchial hygiene. Manual hyperinflation and suctioning are the methods that are highly at risk of transmitting lung infection. Generating flow bias through modification in various ventilator parameters is recently in trend to prevent bronchial hygiene-related complications. PEEP-ZEEP maneuver causes the expiratory flow bias by increasing peak expiratory flow. The present scoping review explores the safety and efficacy of the PEEP-ZEEP maneuver for airway clearance in mechanically ventilated patients. The current scoping review aims to identify the use and safety of the PEEP-ZEEP maneuver applied in mechanically ventilated patients for airway clearance. The five databases, i.e., PubMed, PEDro, Google Scholar, Cochrane, and Web of Science, have been searched till October 2022. The published experimental studies included in the review was searched using Boolean operators (“AND” and “OR”) and keywords, i.e., PEEP-ZEEP, Mechanical Ventilator, and Airway Clearance technique. PEEP-ZEEP is a safe and efficient for airway clearance in mechanically ventilated patients, with the need to explore further with a larger sample size and more defined outcomes and population.
Metal release and cytotoxicity of different orthodontic bracket-wire combinations: An in vitro study
Authors: Aiswareya Gunaseelan , Verma Sanjeev K , Khan Saba , Owais Mohammad , Farooqi Izharul H , Naseem Sufia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim:
To quantify and compare the metal ions released from different bracket-wire combinations and to assess their cytotoxicity.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 360 fabricated sectional fixed orthodontic appliances were divided into 6 groups. The first three groups consisted of stainless-steel brackets with stainless-steel, snickel-titanium (NiTi), and titanium-molybdenum alloy (TMA) archwires, and the other three groups were fabricated using ceramic brackets (polycrystalline alumina) with stainless-steel, NiTi, and TMA archwires. These appliances were immersed in artificial saliva (pH 6.5 ± 0.5, 37°C), for 1 week, 2 weeks, and 1 month. The nickel and chromium ions released in the artificial saliva were quantified using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer, and cytotoxicity assessment was performed using a 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on human cervical cancer cell line.

Results:
The stainless-steel bracket groups displayed a significantly greater release of nickel and chromium ions compared to the ceramic bracket groups (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were identified when comparing the three archwire types within the stainless-steel/ceramic bracket groups. At the end of 1 month, the % cell viability demonstrated by the appliances was in the decreasing order of stainless-steel-TMA > ceramic-stainless steel > stainless-steel-NiTi > ceramic-NiTi > stainless-steel-stainless steel > ceramic-TMA.

Conclusion:
Considerably greater release of nickel and chromium ions was observed from the appliances utilizing stainless-steel brackets compared to those employing ceramic brackets. However, no remarkable difference in the levels of nickel and chromium ions was observed when comparing the three archwires: stainless steel, NiTi, and TMA. In the cytotoxicity assessment, the ceramic-TMA combination displayed the highest level of cytotoxicity, while the stainless-steel-TMA combination displayed the least cytotoxicity.
Knowledge of xerostomia and angular cheilitis in geriatric population among clinical dental students: An institutional cross-sectional study
Authors: Mahdani Fatma Y , Jati Galuh D , Febrine Erine T , Cahyaningrum Karina W , Radithia Desiana , Wicaksono Satutya 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim:
Assessing the knowledge of clinical dental students regarding prevalent geriatric oral diseases is crucial in evaluating their clinical competency. This study focuses on analyzing dental students’ knowledge of angular cheilitis (AC) and xerostomia in elderly patients.

Materials and Methods:
In this analytical cross-sectional investigation, clinical dental students from Universitas Airlangga were involved. We employed simple random sampling to select a minimum of 76 students and gathered data, including demographic information and knowledge about AC and xerostomia, through an online questionnaire. Respondents were then categorized into three groups based on their knowledge level: poor, moderate, and good. We utilized coefficient contingency and odds ratio analysis to explore relationships and effects between demographic factors and knowledge levels.

Results:
The study findings indicated that a significant majority of respondents demonstrated a high level of comprehension regarding AC (58.4%). Conversely, a notable proportion of respondents exhibited limited knowledge regarding xerostomia (66.3%). Furthermore, our correlation analysis, which aimed to identify potential associations between knowledge levels and intrinsic factors such as gender, clinical interest, and proximity to geriatric individuals, did not reveal any statistically significant relationships (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Within the population of clinical dental students, there is a commendable level of knowledge concerning AC in the geriatric demographic. However, a substantial segment of students lacks adequate understanding when it comes to xerostomia.
Pattern of Care of Recurrent Cervical Cancer in Low-resource Settings: Challenges and Patient-initiated Follow-up as a Novel Opportunity
Authors: Barmon Debabrata , Tak Apoorva , Baruah Upasana , Begum Dimpy , Gupta Sakshi , Khanikar Duncan , Nath Jyotiman , Yadav Garima 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
The availability of optimum diagnostic strategies remains a major problem in resource-constraint countries. This technique of patient-initiated follow-up (PIFU) has been recently adopted in the UK for gynecological cancers and has proven cost benefits. However, no study from the Indian subcontinent has ever been reported.

Aims and Objectives:
The primary objective was to study the pattern of care of recurrent cervical cancer in low-resource settings. The secondary objective was to compare the reliability of symptomatology/clinical evaluation and imaging methods on follow-up to detect recurrence and thus explore the feasibility of symptom-based PIFU.

Materials and Methods:
This was a single-institutional retrospective analysis of recurrent cervical cancer cases for a period of 3 years from January 2019 to January 2022. Patients who followed up for minimum of 6 months were included in the study.

Results:
In 57 of the total 69 patients, symptoms alone were the index diagnostic method. Interestingly, neither of the methods of recurrence detection had impact on overall survival (OS). Cox regression analysis revealed adverse impact of erratic/lost to follow-up (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.8) and pelvic side wall disease (HR = 1.33) on survival. Patients with positive para-aortic nodes had significantly shorter disease-free interval of 11 months, so adding systemic therapy to adjuvant treatment in this cohort needs to be further investigated.

Conclusion:
Our analysis showed that patients with recurrence who were diagnosed with clinical manifestations alone vis-à-vis the ones who were diagnosed primarily on routine follow-up visit by some imaging or diagnostic test had comparable oncologic outcomes. PIFU can be a “practice changing modality” in patient management system, especially in low-resource settings. It will prove to be a simple cost-effective method to detect recurrence and prevent fallouts. Our study points to the feasibility of PIFU in Indian scenario.
Metabolic Syndrome and Its Association with Menopausal Symptoms among Postmenopausal Women: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mundhra Rajlaxmi , Kumari Purvashi , Bahadur Anupama , Khoiwal Kavita , Naithani Manisha 
Published: December 2023

Background:
With increase in postmenopausal population, screening for MetS and its relationship with menopausal symptoms needs evaluation.

Objective:
To identify the frequency of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and assess its relationship with menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women.

Methods:
This was a cross sectional study performed at a tertiary care centre in Uttarakhand India over a period of 18 months. All postmenopausal women >40 years with natural menopause included in the study sample. We used the Consensus Definition IDF and AHA/NHLBI (2009) criteria to classify subjects as having metabolic syndrome. Menopausal symptoms were assessed using Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) questionnaire.

Results:
The frequency of metabolic syndrome in our study was 34.38% (55 out of 160 patients). We observed sleeping problems (36.88%) followed by physical & mental exhaustion (33.75%) and hot flushes (33.13%) to be the commonest menopausal symptoms. Significant association was seen for MRS along with its subscales in women with metabolic syndrome (P value <.05). Significant positive correlation was observed between total Menopause rating scale scores as well as all three subscales for triglycerides in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Conclusion:
Hyper triglyceridemia was associated with severe menopausal symptoms among postmenopausal women with MetS in our study.