bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine derivatives as EGFRWT and EGFRT790M inhibitors: Design, synthesis, antiproliferative activities, docking studies, ADMET, toxicity, MD simulation studies
Authors: Sobh Eman A. , Dahab Mohammed A. , Elkaeed Eslam B. , Alsfouk Bshra A. , Ibrahim Ibrahim M. , Metwaly Ahmed M. , Eissa Ibrahim H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA series of thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidines were designed and synthesized as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors. These compounds were tested for their ability to inhibit MCF‐7 and A549 cancer cells. The most active compound, 12c, inhibited the growth of both cell lines, with IC50 values of 15.67 and 12.16 μM, respectively. It was found that 12c had inhibitory effects on both EGFRWT and EGFRT790M isoforms, with inhibitory partialities of 37.50 and 148.90 nM, respectively. Additionally, 12c was found to be safer than erlotinib against normal cell lines (IC50 = 38.61 μM). Compound 12c induced early and late apoptosis in A549 cells and arrested cell growth at G1 and G2/M phases. 12c was also found to increase caspases 3 and 8 ratios. Molecular docking indicated the correct binding modes of the synthesized compounds. MD simulations, MM‐GBSA, and PLIP studies confirmed the precise binding of 12c to the EGFR protein over 100 ns.
Changes and gaps of global and regional disease burden of hepatitis B infection in children younger than 5 years old between 2015 and 2019: A real‐world data review
Authors: Wang Chao , Zhang Sihui , Zhao Jun , Wang Mingting , Lu Qing‐Bin , Liu Bei , Du Juan , Cui Fuqiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been declared an ongoing health threat, especially infections among children. We compared and updated the disease burden of HBV infection and the effectiveness of vaccination among children younger than 5 years to offer indications for hepatitis B prevention across the world. The country‐level data on the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), the coverages of hepatitis B vaccine birth‐dose (HepB‐BD), three‐dose series (HepB3), income level, population density/size, and human development index were collected from open access databases including WHO, UNICEF, and World Bank. Comparison of the prevalence of HBsAg under 5 years old between 2015 and 2019 based on vaccination coverages was conducted by the gamma generalized linear mixed model. Globally, more than 6.3 million HBV infections were estimated in children under 5 years in 2019, compared to 10.1 million in 2015 within the 179 countries involved. The pooled average prevalence of HBsAg among children younger than 5 years decreased from 1.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–1.8) to 0.9% (95% CI: 0.7–1.2). The rate difference or rate ratio was −0.5% (95% CI: −0.6% to −0.3%) or 0.51(95% CI: 0.44–0.58), respectively. Countries from the African region or with lower income/population density/human development indexes bore the most significant disease burden of hepatitis B. Higher coverages of hepatitis B vaccine birth‐dose or primary series correlated with significant HBsAg prevalence decreases and much‐decreased ratio, independently. Hepatitis B prevention among children under 5 years has significantly been achieved while remaining the most life‐threatening disease burden, unequally distributed worldwide. The hepatitis B vaccination should be prioritized for all newborns, especially in those resource‐constrained countries or regions.
The potential of PCNA inhibition as a therapeutic strategy in cervical cancer
Authors: Wendel Sebastian O. , Snow Jazmine A. , Gu Long , Banerjee Nilam Sanjib , Malkas Linda , Wallace Nicholas A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCervical cancers are the fourth most common and most deadly cancer in women worldwide. Despite being a tremendous public health burden, few novel approaches to improve care for these malignancies have been introduced. We discuss the potential for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) inhibition to address this need as well as the advantages and disadvantages for compounds that can therapeutically inhibit PCNA with a specific focus on cervical cancer.
Nutritional deficiency anemia and post‐acute sequelae in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: A six‐month retrospective cohort analysis of 30 892 patients
Authors: Wu Jheng‐Yan , Liu Mei‐Yuan , Hung Kuo‐Chuan , Hsu Wan‐Hsuan , Tsai Ya‐Wen , Liu Ting‐Hui , Huang Po‐Yu , Chuang Min‐Hsiang , Hsieh Ya‐Ling , Lai Chi‐Cheng , Kuo Yu‐Hsuan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe effect of anemia on the post‐acute outcome of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection was unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between nutritional deficiency anemia (NDA) status and post‐acute sequelae of patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. This retrospective cohort study included patients with coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) from January 1, 2022 to November 30, 2022 using the TriNetX research network. The patients were grouped into the NDA group comprising patients diagnosed with NDA and the control group comprising patients without NDA, and propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance the two groups. The primary outcome was a composite of post‐COVID‐19 condition, all‐cause hospitalization, and all‐cause death. The secondary outcomes were any individual outcomes of the primary composite. The follow‐up period was set at 90–180 days after COVID‐19 diagnosis. Two cohorts comprising 15 446 nonhospitalized patients with COVID‐19 in each group with balanced baseline characteristics were created using PSM. During the follow‐up period, the NDA group demonstrated a higher risk of the composite primary outcome, including post‐COVID‐19 condition, all‐cause hospitalization, or all‐cause death (hazard ratio [HR], 1.896; 95% confidence interval [CI] =  1.757–2.045). Regarding secondary outcomes, the NDA group was associated with worse outcomes, including post‐COVID‐19 condition (HR, 1.992; 95% CI = 1.403–2.828), all‐cause hospitalization (HR, 1.856; 95% CI = 1.714–2.009), and all‐cause death (HR, 3.922; 95% CI = 2.910–5.285) compared to the control group. Among nonhospitalized patients with COVID‐19, NDA was associated with a higher risk of post‐COVID‐19 condition, all‐cause hospitalization, and all‐cause death during the 90–180‐day follow‐up period.
Phenolics and spectroscopy: challenges and successful stories in the grape and wine industry
Authors: Cozzolino Daniel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPhenolic compounds are considered to have a major role in the quality of grapes and wine. These compounds contribute to the sensory perception of red wine as they are involved in astringency and bitterness as well as in determining the colour intensity of grapes and wine (e.g., anthocyanins content). Several techniques are used to characterise and quantify these compounds in grapes and wine samples such as ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy or high‐performance liquid chromatography. More recently, different applications and reports have shown the value of vibrational spectroscopy techniques to monitor and measure phenolic compounds along the grape and wine value chain. This article summarises as well as discusses challenges and successful stories in relation to the utilisation of vibrational spectroscopy techniques to measure phenolic compounds in grapes and wine. Specifically, content presented at the workshop ‘Outstanding sensors challenge beverage and food future’ organised by the Italian Society of Food Science and Technology and the University of Pisa (Pisa, Italy) is summarised. Although vibrational spectroscopy techniques have been proven to be of importance to measure composition across the grape and wine value chain, the adoption of these technologies has been compromised by the accessibility and price of instruments. Understanding the basic principles of the different vibrational spectroscopy methods (e.g., characteristics, limit of detection) as well as how to effectively use the data generated are still main barriers facing the incorporation of these techniques into the grape and wine industry. Furthermore, is still not clear for many users of these technologies how they will contribute to the sustainability of the wine industry as well as to preserve the identity of the wine making process. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Trophic plasticity of omnivorous fishes in natural and human‐dominated landscapes
Authors: Neves Mayara Pereira , Delariva Rosilene Luciana , Perkins Daniel M. , Fialho Clarice Bernhardt , Kratina Pavel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe persistence of diverse communities and functioning ecosystems under increasing anthropogenic pressure relies on food web rewiring and the ability of animals to expand or change their diet in disturbed ecosystems. We combined a suite of diet tracing techniques to study trophic plasticity in omnivorous fishes, ecomorphologically similar species with high competition potential, across different human land uses in subtropical streams. We found that the proportion of native forest cover, associated with intensive land use, altered the isotopic composition of fishes, which were more enriched in 13C, without affecting the carbon isotope ratios of their prey and basal resources. There was also evidence for a nonlinear effect of native forest cover on the δ15N values of basal resources, macroinvertebrates, and omnivorous fishes, indicating that nutrient pollution from agriculture propagated through stream food webs. The most widely distributed fish species shifted their diet from autochthonous resources to terrestrial invertebrates and sedimentary organic matter in disturbed streams. Moreover, the isotopic niche of this fish species was broader in streams with higher fish species richness, indicating the combined impacts of environmental change and competition on species coexistence. Therefore, our findings showed that the dominance and trophic niche breadth of dominant omnivores depend not only on the availability of resources but also on the interactions with their putative competitors.
Biological sources and sinks of dimethylsulfide disentangled by an induced bloom experiment and a numerical model
Authors: Le Gland Guillaume , Masdeu‐Navarro Marta , Galí Martí , Vallina Sergio M. , Gralka Matti , Vincent Flora , Cordero Otto , Vardi Assaf , Simó Rafel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDimethylsulfide (DMS) is a climatically active trace gas promoting cloud formation. The biochemical precursor of DMS, dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), is a phytoplankton metabolite and a source of reduced sulfur for many microbial species. Because of the complex interactions between their many producers and consumers, the dynamics of DMSP and DMS in the ocean are still poorly constrained. In this study we measure particulate DMSP, dissolved DMSP (), and DMS concentrations in seven mesocosms where two consecutive phytoplankton blooms (first, pico‐ and nano‐algae; second, Emiliania huxleyi) were induced by nutrient addition, and we build a mechanistic numerical model to identify the sources and sinks that best account for the observations. The mesocosms were designed as replicates but differ from each other by their E. huxleyi virus abundance due to stochastic differences in initial conditions. The model shows that heterotrophic bacteria cannot be the only consumers of . A fraction of dissolved must be consumed by phytoplankton to avoid excessive accumulation during the first bloom. The induced blooms increase DMS concentration by 220% on average, until an increase in the abundance of DMS‐consuming bacteria brings DMS concentration back to its pre‐bloom value, after 3 weeks of experiment. Therefore phytoplankton blooms can increase DMS emission to the atmosphere, but only during a transient regime of a few weeks. The model also shows that the DMS yield, production and emission are increased when the coccolithophore bloom is terminated by a viral infection, but decreased if the infection occurs several days before the bloom can reach its maximum.
Chitosan microspheres loaded with WJMSCs facilitate the restoration of ovarian function in CTX‐induced premature ovarian failure mice
Authors: Jiao Yiren , Niu Yongxia , Luo Mingxun , Qiu Yanling , Gao Min , Chen Xiaolin , Huang Sunxing , Zhu Jing , Xiao Lin , Liu Haiying , Huang Junjiu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPremature ovarian failure (POF) is a complex disease affecting an increasing number of young women. Traditional treatments are limited in low efficacy and side effects. Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) therapy holds promise in the treatment of POF. However, the clinical application of WJMSCs is hindered by challenges such as low cell viability, significant loss, and poor survival rates. In this study, we prepared three‐dimensional chitosan microspheres (CSM). CSM loading substantial improved the proliferative ability and cell viability of WJMSCs. Furthermore, transplantation of CSM loaded with WJMSCs into ovaries of POF mice increased serum levels of Estradiol (E2) and Anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH), alongside decreased levels of follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH). CSM+WJMSCs transplantation enhanced the number of growth follicles while reduced atresia follicles, and effective alleviated the ovarian fibrosis and apoptosis within the ovarian cortex. CSM also prolonged the residence time of WJMSCs in the ovarian capsule. Moreover, superovulation experiments illustrated that CSM+WJMSCs transplantation enhanced the total number of oocytes and reduced oocyte abnormality rates. Overall, CSM+WJMSCs transplantation promotes follicle development and regeneration, restoring ovarian function by inhibiting ovarian cell apoptosis and reducing levels of fibrosis. This study presents a novel therapeutic strategy that combines biomaterial and mesenchymal stem cells for the clinical treatment of premature ovarian failure.
The relationship between anxiety and COVID‐19‐associated isolation and lifestyle changes in the university community as a result of the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic
Authors: Leser Felipe Saceanu , Araújo Ribeiro Mirella , Dalsente Romano da Silva Lucas , Garcia Domingues Renato , Fleming Outeiro Tiago , Boyé Kevin , Coelho Cerqueira Eduardo , Lacerda Carvalho Fabiano , do Carmo Gonçalves Phelippe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn 2020, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus outbreak emerged as a public health emergency. Three years later, we are still assessing the effects caused by the coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) and by the lifestyle changes due to prevention measures, like social isolation. Here, we assessed the profile of both the anxiety screening scores and anthropometric variables in the university community, associated with the isolation due to the COVID‐19 pandemic. We analyzed social and epidemiological associated factors for anxiety and weight change to address and better identify the physical and mental conditions aggravated during the pandemic. This is a cross‐sectional study based on the 7‐item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale questionnaire applied virtually to university students and professors in the State of Rio de Janeiro (n = 480). In our population cohort, we showed that the majority of individuals showed moderate to severe anxiety and increased body weight during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The major demographic associated factors for higher anxiety levels were young age, female gender, and low family income. The main modifiable associated factors for both anxiety and weight gain were the negative changes in living habits. In addition, there was a trend toward severe anxiety and greater weight change in people with increased time in social isolation. In view of these results, we suggest that bad habits, adopted during the COVID‐19 pandemic, were the main reason for the high anxiety levels found in the studied population.
Wire antenna with skew planar wheel structure for generating high‐purity OAM beam
Authors: Mallikharjuna Reddy Y. , Ratna Kumari U. V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper presents the generation of an orbital angular momentum (OAM) wave using a wire antenna with a skew planar wheel structure at 5.8 GHz. The wire antenna consists of four arms, each of which behaves like a left‐handed circularly polarized antenna. The orientation and rotation of each arm are adjusted to obtain the desired phase shift, resulting in the generation of an OAM wave. The proposed design is fabricated and tested, and the results demonstrate that the OAM beam produced has high mode purity, with a peak gain of 2.8 dBi, divergence angle of , and high azimuthal symmetry. Both simulated and measured results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed wire antenna in generating an OAM wave. The proposed wire antenna has a wide range of potential applications, including communication systems, remote sensing, and radar imaging. In particular, the azimuthal symmetry of the OAM beam makes it particularly suitable for unmanned aerial vehicle applications.
Feasibility of dynamic T2*‐based oxygen‐enhanced lung MRI at 3T
Authors: Kim Mina , Naish Josephine H. , Needleman Sarah H. , Tibiletti Marta , Taylor Yohn , O'Connor James P. B. , Parker Geoff J. M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeTo demonstrate proof‐of‐concept of a T2*‐sensitized oxygen‐enhanced MRI (OE‐MRI) method at 3T by assessing signal characteristics, repeatability, and reproducibility of dynamic lung OE‐MRI metrics in healthy volunteers.MethodsWe performed sequence‐specific simulations for protocol optimisation and acquired free‐breathing OE‐MRI data from 16 healthy subjects using a dual‐echo RF‐spoiled gradient echo approach at 3T across two institutions. Non‐linear registration and tissue density correction were applied. Derived metrics included percent signal enhancement (PSE), ∆R2* and wash‐in time normalized for breathing rate (τ‐nBR). Inter‐scanner reproducibility and intra‐scanner repeatability were evaluated using intra‐class correlation coefficient (ICC), repeatability coefficient, reproducibility coefficient, and Bland–Altman analysis.ResultsSimulations and experimental data show negative contrast upon oxygen inhalation, due to substantial dominance of ∆R2* at TE > 0.2 ms. Density correction improved signal fluctuations. Density‐corrected mean PSE values, aligned with simulations, display TE‐dependence, and an anterior‐to‐posterior PSE reduction trend at TE1. ∆R2* maps exhibit spatial heterogeneity in oxygen delivery, featuring anterior‐to‐posterior R2* increase. Mean T2* values across 32 scans were 0.68 and 0.62 ms for pre‐ and post‐O2 inhalation, respectively. Excellent or good agreement emerged from all intra‐, inter‐scanner and inter‐rater variability tests for PSE and ∆R2*. However, ICC values for τ‐nBR demonstrated limited agreement between repeated measures.ConclusionOur results demonstrate the feasibility of a T2*‐weighted method utilizing a dual‐echo RF‐spoiled gradient echo approach, simultaneously capturing PSE, ∆R2* changes, and oxygen wash‐in during free‐breathing. The excellent or good repeatability and reproducibility on intra‐ and inter‐scanner PSE and ∆R2* suggest potential utility in multi‐center clinical applications.
Disturbance observer‐based PID synchronization control of complex networks with probabilistic interval time‐varying delays and multiple disturbances
Authors: Shi Yujing , Lv Hongyang , Chen Dongyan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this article, the disturbance observer‐based proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control protocol is investigated for synchronization of complex networks with probabilistic interval time‐varying delays and multiple disturbances. For the sake of reducing conservatism, a method of probabilistic interval time‐varying delay is proposed by introducing two certain intervals with known probability distributions. Moreover, two different disturbances are taken into account. One of the disturbances is produced by an exogenous system which acts through the input channel, while the other is usual norm‐bounded disturbance. Simultaneously, a disturbance observer is designed to estimate and compensate the disturbance generated by the exogenous system. By constructing an appropriate Lyapunov–Krasovskii function, a sufficient criterion is obtained to ensure both the exponential synchronization and prescribed performance index. Finally, the simulation examples are employed to demonstrate the validity of the theoretical results.
Assessment frequency and equity of the property tax: Latest evidence from Philadelphia
Authors: Hou Yilin , Ding Lei , Schwegman David J. , Barca Alaina G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPhiladelphia's Actual Valuation Initiative adopted in 2013 creates a unique opportunity for us to test whether improved reassessments at short intervals to true market value improve property tax equity. Based on a difference‐in‐differences framework using parcel‐level data matched with transactions in Philadelphia and 15 comparable cities, this study finds positive evidence on equity outcomes from more regular reassessments. The quality of property assessment improves substantially after 2014, although the extent of improvement varies across communities. Cross‐city comparisons confirm Philadelphia's improvement in the quality and equity of property assessments after adopting the initiative. These results highlight the importance of regular reassessment in places where property values increase quickly, and they shed light on the disparate impacts of reassessment across property value and across neighborhood income, race, and gentrification status. The paper makes the case that the property tax, if designed well, can be an equitable tax instrument.
Image‐guided core‐needle or surgical biopsy for neuroblastoma diagnosis in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis from the International Society of Pediatric Surgical Oncology (IPSO)
Authors: Pio Luca , Brisse Hervé J. , Alaggio Rita , Zambaiti Elisa , Stenman Jacob , Giuliani Stefano , Montano Valentina , Hinojosa Alexander Siles , Hoel Anders Toel , Pevere Andrea , Abu‐Zaid Ahmed , Franchi‐Abella Stephanie , Abdelhafeez Abdelhafeez H. , Davidoff Andrew M. , Losty Paul D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundImage‐guided core‐needle biopsy (IGCNB) is a widely used and valuable clinical tool for tissue diagnosis of pediatric neuroblastoma. However, open surgical biopsy remains common practice even if children undergo more invasive and painful procedures. This review aims to determine the diagnostic accuracy and safety of IGCNBs in pediatric patients with neuroblastoma.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of peer‐reviewed original articles published between 1980 and 2023, by searching “pediatric oncology,” “biopsy,” “interventional radiology,” and “neuroblastoma.” Exclusion criteria were patients older than 18 years, studies concerning non‐neurogenic tumors, case reports, and language other than English. Both the systematic review and meta‐analysis were conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) statement.ResultsA total of 533 abstracts articles were analyzed. Of these, eight retrospective studies met inclusion criteria (490 infants, 270 surgical biopsies [SB], 220 image‐guided biopsies). Tissue adequacy for primary diagnosis (SB: n = 265, 98%; IGCNB: n = 199, 90%; p = .1) and biological characterization (SB: n = 186, 95%; IGCNB: n = 109, 89%; p = .15) was similar with both biopsy techniques, while intraoperative transfusion rate (SB: n = 51, 22%; IGCNB: n = 12, 6%; p = .0002) and complications (%) (SB: n = 58, 21%; IGCNB: n = 14, 6%; p = .005) were higher with surgical biopsy. Length of stay was similar in both groups; however, no additional data about concurrent diagnostic or treatment procedures were available in the analyzed studies.ConclusionsIGCNB is a safe and effective strategic approach for diagnostic workup of NB and should be considered in preferance to SB wherever possible.