bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Classification Under Partial Reject Options
Authors: Karlsson Måns , Hössjer Ola 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn many applications there is ambiguity about which (if any) of a finite number N of hypotheses that best fits an observation. It is of interest then to possibly output a whole set of categories, that is, a scenario where the size of the classified set of categories ranges from 0 to N. Empty sets correspond to an outlier, sets of size 1 represent a firm decision that singles out one hypothesis, sets of size N correspond to a rejection to classify, whereas sets of sizes $$2,\ldots ,N-1$$

2
,
…
,
N
-
1

represent a partial rejection to classify, where some hypotheses are excluded from further analysis. In this paper, we review and unify several proposed methods of Bayesian set-valued classification, where the objective is to find the optimal Bayesian classifier that maximizes the expected reward. We study a large class of reward functions with rewards for sets that include the true category, whereas additive or multiplicative penalties are incurred for sets depending on their size. For models with one homogeneous block of hypotheses, we provide general expressions for the accompanying Bayesian classifier, several of which extend previous results in the literature. Then, we derive novel results for the more general setting when hypotheses are partitioned into blocks, where ambiguity within and between blocks are of different severity. We also discuss how well-known methods of classification, such as conformal prediction, indifference zones, and hierarchical classification, fit into our framework. Finally, set-valued classification is illustrated using an ornithological data set, with taxa partitioned into blocks and parameters estimated using MCMC. The associated reward function’s tuning parameters are chosen through cross-validation.
Trilateration Using Unlabeled Path or Loop Lengths
Authors: Gkioulekas Ioannis , Gortler Steven J. , Theran Louis , Zickler Todd 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLet $$\textbf{p}$$
p
be a configuration of n points in $$\mathbb R^d$$

R
d

for some n and some $$d \ge 2$$

d
≥
2

. Each pair of points defines an edge, which has a Euclidean length in the configuration. A path is an ordered sequence of the points, and a loop is a path that begins and ends at the same point. A path or loop, as a sequence of edges, also has a Euclidean length, which is simply the sum of its Euclidean edge lengths. We are interested in reconstructing $$\textbf{p}$$
p
given a set of edge, path and loop lengths. In particular, we consider the unlabeled setting where the lengths are given simply as a set of real numbers, and are not labeled with the combinatorial data describing which paths or loops gave rise to these lengths. In this paper, we study the question of when $$\textbf{p}$$
p
will be uniquely determined (up to an unknowable Euclidean transform) from some given set of path or loop lengths through an exhaustive trilateration process. Such a process has already been used for the simpler problem of reconstruction using unlabeled edge lengths. This paper also provides a complete proof that this process must work in that edge-setting when given a sufficiently rich set of edge measurements and assuming that $$\textbf{p}$$
p
is generic.
Understanding Dysphagia Care in Pakistan: A Survey of Current Speech Language Therapy Practice
Authors: Akhtar Rohma N. , Behn Nicholas , Morgan Sally 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDysphagia affects individuals across all ages and has pervasive and potentially life-threatening consequences. Individuals with dysphagia are assessed and treated by speech and language therapists (SLTs), however, little attention has been paid to their practices in Pakistan. This study aimed to explore SLTs practices for dysphagia assessment, signs and symptoms observed during evaluation, and management strategies, alongside barriers and facilitators to service delivery in Pakistan. A 45-item survey was distributed to SLTs online. Responses were received from 101 participants and analyzed descriptively, and open-text responses were analyzed using content analysis. Results revealed that 65.3% SLTs worked across the lifespan, and most (79.4%) had dysphagia-related experience of five years or less. SLTs were an active workforce engaged with varying ages, disorders, and settings, yet dysphagia contributed to a small caseload percentage for most. Analyses found informal clinical exams were more frequently used than instrumental assessments. A variety of service provision facilitators were described, such as supportive teams and accessible resources, and responses about barriers revealed gaps in awareness, education, and guidance. This exploratory study presents novel and unexplored data which provides a deeper understanding of dysphagia-related care in Pakistan.
Ant colony optimization for Chinese postman problem
Authors: Sgarro Giacinto Angelo , Grilli Luca 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to solve the Chinese Postman Problem (CPP) using an Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm. In graph theory, the CPP looks for the shortest closed path that visits every edge of a connected undirected graph. This problem has many applications, including route optimization, interactive system analysis, and flow design. Although numerous algorithms aimed at solving CPP are present in the literature, very few meta-heuristic algorithms are proposed, and no ACO applications have been proposed to solve them. This paper tries to fill this gap by presenting an ACO algorithm that solves CPP (ACO-CPP). To prove its consistency and effectiveness, ACO-CPP is compared with a Genetic Algorithm (GA) and a recursive algorithm throughout three experiments: (1) recursive-ACO-GA comparisons over randomly generated graphs for the attainment of the global optimum; (2) ACO-GA statistical comparisons over specifically generated graphs; (3) recursive-ACO-GA comparisons by changing ACO hyperparameters over randomly generated graphs for the attainment of the global optimum. The experiments prove that the ACO-CPP algorithm is efficient and exhibits a consistency similar to GA when the number of possible solutions to explore is relatively low. However, when that number greatly exceeds those explored, ACO outperforms GA. This suggests that ACO is more suitable for solving problems with a CPP structure.
Prevalence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Lu , Wang Xuan , Du Shuangqing , Zhang Wei , Xue Yuqiang , Li Xi , Gao Tianci , Gao Yang , Wang Shaobiao , Chen Yaxuan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study is a large-scale screening supported by government departments to investigate the prevalence of scoliosis in Shijiazhuang.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, all students underwent body posture evaluation and the Adam’s forward flexure test to examine the back, and also underwent radiographic evaluation when scoliosis was suspected.

Results
In total, 181,935 students participated in the research, of which 289 students were diagnosed with scoliosis, with a prevalence of 2.5%, significantly higher in female (3.01%) than in male children (1.63%) (P < 0.001). Most of the patients (79.5%) had a Cobb angle from 10° to 19°.The mean Cobb angle of scoliosis was positively associated with age. The prevalence of a single curve (75.4%) was significantly higher than double curves (23.2%) and triple curves (1.38%). The percentage of scoliosis in which the thoracolumbar segment was involved (46.4%) was significantly higher than that of the single thoracic scoliosis (31.8%) and single lumbar scoliosis (21.8%).

Conclusions
The prevalence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in XXX was high (2.50%). It is necessary to strengthen the education of adolescent scoliosis, and improve the awareness and attention of social to scoliosis.

Level of Evidence
IV.
Dispersive solid phase extraction using a hydrophilic molecularly imprinted polymer for the selective extraction of patulin in apple juice samples
Authors: Cavaliere Chiara , Cerrato Andrea , Laganà Aldo , Montone Carmela Maria , Piovesana Susy , Taglioni Enrico , Capriotti Anna Laura 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA molecularly imprinted polymer with a specific selectivity for patulin was successfully synthesized. The molecularly imprinted material was prepared using the two functional monomers dopamine and melamine and formaldehyde as the cross-linker. The resulting material possessed a large number of hydrophilic groups, such as hydroxyls, imino groups, and ether linkages. For the first time, uric acid was used as a dummy template for its structural similarity to patulin. Comprehensive characterization and detailed studies of the adsorption process were carried out via adsorption isotherms, while the rate-limiting steps were investigated using adsorption kinetics. Separation, determination, and quantification of patulin were achieved by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with both photodiode array detection and tandem mass spectrometry. The latter was applied to patulin confirmation in the analysis of real samples. The methodology was validated in 20 apple juice samples. The results showed that the developed hydrophilic molecularly imprinted polymer had high selectivity and specific adsorption towards patulin, with mean recoveries ranging between 85 and 90% and a relative standard deviation lower than 15%. The developed molecularly imprinted polymer exhibited good linearity in the range 1–100 ng mL−1 with coefficient of determination (R2) > 0.99. The limit of detection was 0.5 ng mL−1, and the limit of quantification was 1 ng g−1. The developed method showed a good purification capacity for apple juices due to its hydrophilic nature and the polar interactions established with the target analyte.
Graphical abstract
Psychoeducation versus psychoeducation integrated with yoga for family caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: de Araujo Edivaldo Lima , Rodrigues Marcos Rojo , Kozasa Elisa Harumi , Lacerda Shirley Silva 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe evaluate and compare the effectiveness of two psychoeducation programs on the burden and quality of life of family caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease: one of psychoeducation alone and the other integrated with yoga. Forty-nine participants were randomly allocated to two groups, 25 to the psychoeducation integrated with yoga group (G1) and 24 to the psychoeducation group (G2). The programs took place online through Google Meet and consisted of eight weekly meetings, lasting 30 min for psychoeducation and 30 min for yoga. Participants were evaluated by the Burden Interview Scale (BI-Zarit), Quality of Life Scale in Alzheimer's Disease-Caregiver Version (CQOL-AD), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Mindfulness and Awareness Scale (MAAS) and a satisfaction survey. Both groups showed reduced overload according to the BI-Zarit scale (F(1) = 4.435, p = 0.041, η2p = 0.086) and improvement in the domains of physical health (F(1) = 4.881, p = 0.032, η2p = 0.094), memory (F(1) = 4.192, p = 0.046, η2p = 0.082) and money (F(1) = 4.862, p = 0.032, η2p = 0.094) in the CQOL-AD. We detected a significantly higher improvement of G1 in memory (F(1) = 4.192, p = 0.046 η2p = 0.082), money (F(1) = 7.147, p = 0.010, η2p = 0.132) and friends (F(1) = 4.828, p = 0.033, η2p = 0.093). The G1 when compared to the G2 did not demonstrate significant effects of the BI-Zarit, in the total scores CQOL-AD, MAAS and DASS-21. The study showed that both psychoeducation alone and integrated with yoga reduced the burden of family caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease, and that the integration of online yoga practice with psychoeducation potentiated the improvement only in some aspects of the quality of life and subjective perception of burden reduction.Clinical trial registrationhttps://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/, identifier RBR-794593r, retrospectively registered.
Parameterizing the fluid forces on limpet shells in unidirectional flow
Authors: Walker Carley , Simeonov Julian , Adams Ian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCurrent parameterizations of the hydrodynamic forces on irregular particles consider some shape dependencies, but lack an explicit dependence on the orientation with respect to the flow. In this paper, we propose a new parameterization of the drag and lift forces acting on whole Limpet shells at arbitrary orientations with respect to the direction of flow through the linear regression of fluid forces against the velocity components in an object frame of reference. The fluid forces were estimated using boundary layer-resolving Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations. We verified the accuracy of the shear stress transport (SST) $$k-\omega $$

k
-
ω

turbulence model on flat plates with varying angles of attack, and we achieved coefficients of determination versus existing data of approximately 0.95 for both the drag and lift coefficients. From the linear regression of our simulated force data, we developed a model as a function of 3-dimensional orientations to predict the hydrodynamic forces acting on a Limpet shell with coefficients of determination of 0.80 for normal forces and 0.51 for longitudinal forces.
Painful Dream of Motherhood: A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study of Married Women with Ectopic Pregnancy in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Authors: Firouzabadi Seyed Ahmad , Shadman Setareh Sarshad , Rezasoltani Parvaneh , Vedadhir AbouAli 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEctopic pregnancy (EP) is a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to explore the understanding and experience of women with EP in the Islamic Republic of Iran. This qualitative study carried out through a Heideggerian hermeneutic/interpretative phenomenological approach, using face-to-face semi-structured phenomenological interviews with twenty-five participants referred to a public maternity hospital in Rasht, Iran. Data were collected and analyzed using the seven-step analytical approach of Dickelman et al. (The NLN criteria of appraisal of baccalaureate programs: A critical hermeneutic analysis, NLN Press, 1989; Journal of Nursing Education. 32:245–250, 1993) to phenomenological studies. The results reveal how living in the shadow of Islamic Sharia Law in Iran turns EP into a trauma and creates a different experience and meaning of EP for each woman. In this view, multiple factors, including ‘family support’ and ‘faith in Islamic Sharia,’ have determined how married women experience sociocultural and psychological consequences of EP. These findings apply to women with EP in Iran. Given that EP is more than an anomalous pregnancy with socially culturally constructed suffering in the context of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Hence, policymakers and healthcare providers should consider a multidimensional approach to this devastating event in pregnancy and support and empower the women whose dream of motherhood is jeopardized and terminated by the experience of EP.
Preventing Job Burnout: Could Workplace Support Protect Maternal and Child Health Professionals Who Are Doing Public Health Equity Work?
Authors: Gilbert Carol , Johnson Marilyn , Karki Bibhusha , Lyons Kiara , Tibbits Melissa , Toure Drissa , Rookwood Aislinn C. , Abresch Chad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the potential of workplace support to protect public health equity workers against job burnout and to identify key workplace support components.

Description
This mixed-methods, explanatory sequential study analyzed survey and interview data collected between August 2020 and June 2021. Participants included governmental and non-governmental public health employees whose programs largely focus on Maternal and Child Health populations and who reported that their jobs involved working to reduce health inequities (“equity work”). Regression analysis tested the effect of emotional labor on job burnout, and whether workplace support modified that effect. Qualitative analysis of interview transcripts explored possible components of needed workplace support.

Assessment
Emotional labor was positively associated with job burnout (p < .001), and there was a significant negative interaction between emotional labor and workplace support, meaning workplace support appeared to reduce the effect of emotional labor on burnout (p = .036). Qualitative analysis identified four support components: peer-to-peer mentoring connections, workplace accommodations, engaged and empathetic supervision, and mental health resources.

Conclusion
Workplace support is associated with reduced job burnout for public health equity workers, especially those whose jobs involve high levels of emotional labor. Few public health employers are providing needed emotional supports for their equity workers, but certain supports appear to be helpful in reducing job burnout.
Hybrid vibration absorber for self-induced vibration suppression: exact analytical formulation for acceleration feedback control
Authors: Bartos Marcell , Habib Giuseppe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHybrid vibration absorbers (HVAs) are an effective solution for vibration mitigation. They combine the passive vibration absorption mechanism of tuned mass dampers (TMDs) with feedback-controlled actuators, similar to active mass dampers. This enables them to overcome the performance of both systems in terms of vibration mitigation effectiveness and energy consumption, respectively. This study evaluates the vibration suppression capabilities of an HVA against self-excited oscillations. A single-degree-of-freedom host system encompassing a negative damping term is considered. First, the possibility of enhancing the stability properties of an optimally tuned TMD through a feedback controller is evaluated. The analysis shows that this approach cannot improve the absorber’s performance. Subsequently, simultaneous optimization of all the HVA parameters is considered. Our results reveal that this approach significantly enhances the system’s performance. All analysis is carried out analytically without resorting to approximations. Finally, the absorber is numerically applied to suppress friction-induced vibrations and galloping instabilities.
High-Precision Matching Algorithm for Multi-Image Segmentation of Micro Animation Videos in Mobile Network Environment
Authors: Su Yehui , Djenouri Youcef 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the mobile network environment, the accuracy of related image matching algorithms is affected by factors such as bandwidth uncertainty and channel interference, resulting in significant limitations in image feature matching. This article designs a high-precision matching algorithm for multi-image segmentation of micro animation videos in mobile network environments. Fully denoise micro animation video images using 2D High Density Discrete Wavelet Transform (HD-DWT), and apply fixed block count segmentation to process micro animation video images; Using Harris algorithm to complete image corner detection and obtain corner features of sub images; In the K-means clustering algorithm, SIFT feature vectors are divided into clusters and paired with the nearest neighbor cluster in another sub image to form a sub image matching pair, completing block based sub image matching; Combine all sub image matching results to obtain video image matching results, and use the Improved Random Sampling Consistency (RANCAS) algorithm to remove incorrect matching during the matching process, improving matching accuracy. The experimental results show that the designed algorithm can effectively reduce image noise, improve image quality, and generate a large number of matching pairs in mobile network environments. After the application of the designed algorithm, the production effect of micro animated videos in mobile networks can be significantly improved.
The Possible Role of Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor in Epilepsy
Authors: AlRuwaili Raed , Al-kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Gareeb Ali I. , Ali Naif H. , Alexiou Athanasios , Papadakis Marios , Saad Hebatallah M. , Batiha Gaber El-Saber 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEpilepsy is a neurological disease characterized by repeated seizures. Despite of that the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is implicated in the pathogenesis of epileptogenesis and epilepsy, BDNF may have a neuroprotective effect against epilepsy. Thus, the goal of the present review was to highlight the protective and detrimental roles of BDNF in epilepsy. In this review, we also try to find the relation of BDNF with other signaling pathways and cellular processes including autophagy, mTOR pathway, progranulin (PGN), and α-Synuclein (α-Syn) which negatively and positively regulate BDNF/tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) signaling pathway. Therefore, the assessment of BDNF levels in epilepsy should be related to other neuronal signaling pathways and types of epilepsy in both preclinical and clinical studies. In conclusion, there is a strong controversy concerning the potential role of BDNF in epilepsy. Therefore, preclinical, molecular, and clinical studies are warranted in this regard.
Personality Comparison between Lethal and Non-lethal Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrators and Their Victims
Authors: Pineda David , Galán Manuel , Martínez-Martínez Ana , Andrés-Prades Pablo J. , García-Barceló Nestor , Carbonell Enrique J. , González-Álvarez José L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) and femicide (intimate partner femicide, IPF), as a worldwide phenomenon, cannot be explained in a simple way. From an ecological point of view, there are individual factors contemplated. In the current studies, we consider personality as an individual factor to clarify what differentiates a non-lethal IPVAW situation from a femicide. Study 1 was designed to investigate the accuracy with which trained interviewers judged the personality of a group of IPVAW perpetrators during an interview. The target sample of study 1 was composed of 293 males who after being interviewed completed a measure of personality assessing the “Big Three” model of personality. The interviewers performed fairly accurate judgements about the personality of the target participants. Study 2 shows the differences in personality, using Eysenck’s personality model, between the IPF and IPVAW perpetrators and their victims. The total sample study 2 was formed of 551 participants distributed among IPF perpetrators, IPVAW perpetrators, and the victims of both groups. Differences in proportions were observed between both groups of perpetrators as well as between each group and their respective victims. With these findings, we propose personality as a femicide risk factor that should be taken into consideration by police officers and other practitioners when receiving an IPVAW report.