bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flow injection determination of glucose, bile acid and ATP using immobilized enzyme reactor and chemiluminescent assay of NAD(P)H
Authors: Maeda Masako , Tsuji Akio , Ohshima Nobuo , Hukuoka Masayoshi 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWe have developed a chemiluminescent flow injection method for analysis of bile acid, glucose and ATP using the chemiluminescent assay of NADH using 1‐methoxy‐5‐methylphenazinium methyl sulphate (1‐MPMS)/isoluminol(IL)/microperoxidase (m‐POD) system and immobilized enzyme reactors such as 3α‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, glucosedehydrogenase, hexokinase and glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase. The standard curves were obtained in the range of 5 ∼ 100 pmol for bile acid, 0.5 ∼ 5.0 nmol for glucose and 10−7 ∼ 10−5 mol/L for ATP. The coefficient of variation for each assay was not more than 4.1% for bile acid, 2.3% for glucose and 5.3% for ATP, respectively.
Effect of prostaglandin E1 on chemiluminescence response and adherence of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes to human cultured endothelial cells of prostaglandin E1 treated polytraumatized patients
Authors: Jonas Eleonore , Dwenger Alexander , Jonas Michael , Nerlich Michael , Tscherne Harald 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWe investigated the effect of prostaglandin E1 on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes, in vivo. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes of a prostaglandin E1 and placebo study group were harvested and their function, as production of oxygen‐derived metabolites and adherence to human cultured endothelial cells, was compared. Additionally, data obtained from polymorphonuclear leukocytes of a prostaglandin E1 and placebo group were compared with data obtained from polymorphonuclear leukocytes from 28 blood donors, who served as a control group.Production of oxygen‐derived metabolites by polymorphonuclear leukocytes during contact with endothelial cells was measured by chemiluminescence. Chemiluminescence was significantly (p < 0.01) increased in the placebo group in comparison to the control group decreasing to values of control group after 6 d (post‐trauma). Chemiluminescence response was not significantly suppressed in patients treated with prostaglandin E1 in comparison to the placebo group. Adherence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (placebo group) to endothelial cells was significantly increased (p < 0.01) within the first 6 d post‐trauma Following day 6, values were in the same range as values for the control group. Adherence was not significantly suppressed in patients treated with prostaglandin E1 in comparison to the placebo group. In conclusion, prostaglandin E1 at a dose of 20 ng/kg bw/min does not influence production of oxygenderived metabolites and adherence in polytraumatized patients in comparison to a placebo group. Additionally, production of oxygen‐derived metabolites by polymorphonuclear leukocytes in response to endothelial cells is shown and it is evident that endothelial cells might influence production of oxygen derived metabolites by polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Bioluminescence and chemiluminescence literature—Luciferase reporter genes—Lux and Luc
Authors: Hill P. J. , Stewart G. S. A. B. , Stanley P. E. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe following references encompass a review of recent literature where the in vivo expression of eukaryotic and/or prokaryotic luciferases provide for sensitive reporters of cellular activity. The list is subdivided into prokaryotic and eukaryotic applications. We have included the uses of luciferases in elucidating the control of gene expression or for monitoring cell viability. We have not included papers cited by Stanley and Stewart (J Biolumin Chemilumin 1990; 5:141–52) nor have we included papers on the structure and regulation of luciferases as this now substantial literature will be the subject of a future review. References cited in both this review and previous ones are referred to by the number assigned to them in the earlier review.
Growth and luminescence of luminous bacteria promoted by agents of microbial origin
Authors: Rodicheva E. K. , Trubachev I. N. , Medvedeva S. E. , Egorova O. I. , Shitova L. Yu. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe examination of four species of luminous bacteria Photobacterium leiognathi, Photobacterium phosphoreum, Vibrio fischeri and Vibrio harveyi has enabled us to reveal some nutrient medium components effecting growth, luminescence intensity and luciferase synthesis. These agents are nucleic components (nucleotides, nucleosides and amine bases), amino acids and vitamins, which are part of hydrolysates from the biomass of various lithotrophic microorganisms, hydrogen‐oxidizing, ironoxidizing and carboxydobacteria. The effect of promoting agents essentially alters the physiological state and ultrastructure of the cells of luminous bacteria and increases luciferase biosynthesis two‐ to three‐fold compared to a control.
Luminescence of Ca2+‐activated photoprotein obelin initiated by NaOCl and MnCl2
Authors: Vysotski Eugene S. , Trofimov Konstantin P. , Bondar' Vladimir S. , Gitelson Josef I. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe luminescence of obelin is initiated by NaOCl in a reaction mixture containing no calcium. The addition of Mn2+ enhances the light emission >300‐fold. Sodium azide and histidine, as singlet oxygen quenchers, inhibit NaOCl‐activated obelin luminescence in the presence or absence of Mn2+. This suggests that the addition of NaOCI to the mixture causes singlet oxygen formation (stimulated by Mn2+ ions), and singlet oxygen initiates the light‐emitting reaction.
Chemiluminescence of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A — Norbornene anhydride networks
Authors: Tcharkhtchi A. , Audouin L. , Verdu J. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractNetworks were prepared by curing diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) with variable concentrations of norbornene anhydride (NA). Almost completely cured samples with anhydride/epoxide (A/E) inolar ratios of respectively 0.8, 0.9, 1.0 and 1.1, and one incompletely cured sample with A/E = 1.0, were studied by chemiluminescence in the temperature range 135–220°C, using isothermal stationary or non‐stationary (atmosphere change) exposures. The comparison of kinetic curves of intensity variation reveals: the importance of unreacted epoxide groups as sources of highly emissive radical species, the lowering effect of oxidation products, and the increasing effect of the decrease of macromolecular mobility due to crosslinking in the case of the incompletely cured sample. Most of the features of kinetic curves obtained in non‐stationary experiments are explained in terms of radical formation mechanisms during exposure in inert atmosphere. The results show clearly that chemiluminescence is due to reactions of peroxy radicals rather than hydroperoxide groups.
Acridinium ester labelled cytokines: Receptor binding studies with human interleukin‐1α, interleukin‐1β and interferon‐γ
Authors: Joss U. R. , Towbin H. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAs a consequence of environmental protection and legal restrictions, increasing efforts are made to avoid radioactivity. One alternative is the labelling of ligands with chemiluminescent acridinium esters such as 2,6,‐dimethyl‐4‐(N‐succinimidyloxycarbonyl)phenyl 10‐methylacridinium‐9‐carboxylate methosulphate (DMAE‐NHS). When exposed to hydrogen peroxide in a basic solution, the DMAE‐moiety decays with emission of a short‐lasting chemiluminescent flash.With the goal of replacing the radioactive label in protein ligands with a DMAE label, and of increasing the efficiency by using microtitre plate technology for DMAE detection, we compared the receptor binding properties of iodinated interleukin‐1α (125I‐IL‐1α), interleukin‐1β (125I‐IL‐1β) and interferon‐γ (125I‐IFN‐γ) with the corresponding DMAE‐labelled ligands. The luminescence signal was assessed in a single‐tube luminometer and in the prototype of a chemiluminescent microtitre plate reader. Derivatization of the three proteins with DMAE‐N‐hydroxy‐succinimide resulted in photon yields of up to 100,000 counts per femtomole. As shown by Scatchard analysis, no significant loss of receptor binding affinity was observed, which might have been expected as a consequence of the chemical modification of the proteins. The use of DMAE labelling of proteins has the following advantages as compared to iodination: (i) the coupling reaction and binding assay can be performed in a normal laboratory, (ii) since there is no radiolysis, the DMAE‐labelled proteins remain stable, (iii) the detection sensitivity may be improved as a consequence of higher specific activity of the DMAE label. Thus, the method could be used to replace the standard 125I label in receptor screening assays as well as other applications.
Active oxygen generation in γ‐irradiated whole seedlings of Cicer arietinum L.
Authors: Mathew B. G. , Kumar S. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWhole seedlings of Cicer arietinum L. when exposed to 819 Gy γ‐radiation, were found to emit ultraweak intensity luminescence. The phenomenon was oxygen‐dependent, and the intensity of emission could be suppressed by post‐irradiation treatment with catalase, superoxide dismutase, and ascorbic acid. Deuterium oxide and luminol amplified the emission intensity. These results suggest that singlet oxygen is a cause of the emission during the post‐irradiation phase.
Enhanced chemiluminescent assays for acetylcholine
Authors: Ternaux Jean‐Pierre , Chamoin Marie‐Claude 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAcetylcholine and choline chemiluminescent assays have limitations when these compounds are detected in small areas of mammalian nervous tissue. Use of 7‐dimethyl‐aminonaphthalene‐1,2‐dicarbonic acid hydrazide (7‐DMAN), instead of luminol, gives a threefold increase in emitted light in the chemiluminescent assay for acetylcholine based on the coupled choline oxidase‐peroxidase reaction. Addition of light enhancers, such as para‐iodophenol or D‐luciferin, to luminol or 7‐DMAN further increased the light emission. Under these conditions the detection limit for acetylcholine was 650 femtomoles. This enhanced chemiluminescent assay should be convenient for the detection of in vivo and in vitro acetylcholine release from mammalian neurons.
Increased native chemiluminescence in granulocytes isolated from synovial fluid and peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Arnhold J. , Sonntag K. , Sauer H. , Häntzschel H , Arnold K. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractPolymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) isolated from peripheral blood and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and from peripheral blood of volunteers were stimulated with 12‐Phorbol‐13‐myristate acetate (PMA). No significant differences in luminol‐amplified chemiluminescence were found between different patients and control groups. However, two distinct patterns of native chemiluminescence were observed. Type I showed no, or only a small, increase in native chemiluminescence with integral counts over 30 min less than 3 × 105 cpm, and the majority of samples from volunteers were of this type. Type II was characterized by a burst of native chemiluminescence starting 8 to 15 min after cell stimulation. It was found in most PMN samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Integral counts over 30 min were always higher than 106 cpm and as high as 108 cpm in some cases. A strong inhibition of the Type II native chemiluminescence was caused by desferal, catalase, thiourea, and glutathione. However, the luminol‐amplified chemiluminescence remained unchanged or was only slightly decreased under the same experimental conditions. Sodium azide strongly inhibited both kinds of luminscence. Hydroxyl radicals, formed in a Fenton reaction, may be important intermediates in the Type II native chemiluminescence.
Commercially available luminometers and imaging devices for low‐light level measurements and kits and reagents utilizing bioluminescence or chemiluminescence: Survey update 3
Authors: Stanley Philip E. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThis survey was compiled in February 1994 and includes products not covered in the luminometer survey (Jan 1992: Stanley PE, J Biolumin Chemilumin 1992; 7:77–108 and 7:157–69), kits and reagent survey (Nov 1992: Stanley PE, J Biolumin Chemilumin 1993; 8:51–63), update 1 (June 1993 luminometers, kits and reagents, Stanley PE, J Biolumin Chemilumin 1993; 8:237–40) and update 2 (Dec 1993: luminometers, kits and reagents, Stanley PE, J Biolumin Chemilumin 1994; 9:51–3). Technical details are provided together with company addresses and contact information.
Imaging of chemiluminescent signals with cooled CCD camera systems
Authors: Martin Chris S. , Bronstein Irena 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWe investigated imaging of chemiluminescent signals from 1,2‐dioxetanes with cooled CCD cameras. Non‐radioactive detection methods for biomolecules utilizing these chemiluminescent substrates for alkaline phosphatase have been developed. Applications which have been successfully adapted to this technology include Southern and Northern blotting, immunoblotting, ELISA methods and DNA sequencing. Dephosphorylation of the dioxetane CSPD by alkaline phosphatase generates an unstable anion that decomposes resulting in light production. The wavelength of the emitted light is approximately 460nm. We have utilized Photometrics Star and MXC 200L cooled CCD cameras for direct imaging of chemiluminescent signals. Benefits of utilizing a CCD detector include rapid data digitization and more accurate quantitation of chemiluminescent signals compred to film‐based densitometry owing to the significantly greater dynamic range. Chemiluminescent images from dot blots of biotinylated DNA, Southern blots and DNA sequencing gel blots were obtained. In a chemiluminescent microtitre plate assay, serial dilutions of alkaline phosphatase spanning four orders of magnitude can be detected. Our results indicate that the digitization of chemiluminescent signal data with cooled CCD cameras is an excellent alternative to 32P detection methods utilizing storage phosphor screen imaging systems.
Stable luciferase transfected cells for studying steroid receptor biological activity
Authors: Gagne Didier , Balaguer Patrick , Demirpence Ediz , Chabret Claude , Trousse Françoise , Nicolas Jean‐Claude , Pons Michel 
Published: May 2005

AbstractIn the course of steroid hormone research, firefly luciferase was used as a reporter gene to construct chimeric cellular models in which the firefly luciferase expression mimics natural hormonal response. Cells containing the endogenous receptor of interest were stably transfected with a reporter gene whose expression is controlled by this endogenous receptor. Based on the detection of luciferase activity in Intact cells using a photon‐counting camera, various stable transfected cell lines were established. We present potential experimental uses of these cellular models such as for screening new (anti)hormonal molecules. We also show that the hormonal responses can be modulated at any step, suggesting that these stable cell lines may be helpful in studying hormonal interactions. For example, we have detected the antiestrogen activity of molecules able to mediate their effect via a pathway other than the estrogen receptor. Lastly, we show that the detection of luciferase activity in intact living cells is particularly helpful in investigating the variation of the hormonal responses with time.Since chimeric response faithfully reflects hormone (or effector) actions in the cell, we conclude that stable transfected cells can be used in both pharmacological and fundamental studies to investigate different aspects of the endocrine research.
Spatial and dye correlation analysis of intracellular Ca2+ distribution
Authors: Mironov S. L. , Hermann A. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractIntracellular Ca2+ is an important regulator of many cellular processes. Besides ion channels and transporters in the plasmalemma, changes in [Ca]i can be mediated by uptake and release mechanisms of internal organelles. Theoretical and experimental procedures are developed aiming to reveal the distribution of internal Ca2+ pools and their role in generating complicated spatial patterns of [Ca]i gradients. Cultured pyramidal neurons from rat hippocampus were loaded with Ca2+‐sensitive fluorescent dyes, fura‐2 and fluo‐3. Cell images were partitioned according to pixel amplitude and highlighted pictures were characterized by their intensity, relative area and connectivity. This approach facilitates the localization of the sites of Ca2+ release from internal stores induced by application of different agents. After each trial, neurons were stained with dyes, acridine orange or DiOC6, which bind preferentially to nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum. A correlation between images confirmed the spatial localization of Ca2+ release sites. Application of the partition procedure also gave a clear evidence for the importance of Ca2+ influx in the mechanism of [Ca]i oscillations.
Cytoplasmic factors that affect the intensity and stability of bioluminescence from firefly luciferase in living mammalian cells
Authors: Gandelman Olga , Allue Isidro , Bowers Keith , Cobbold Peter 
Published: May 2005

AbstractIn order to improve calibration of firefly luciferase signals obtained by injecting the enzyme into single, isolated heart and liver cells we have investigated why the luminescence from cells is greatly depressed compared with in vitro (in mammalian ionic milieu) and why the decay of the intracellular signal is remarkably slow. We have shown that inorganic pyrophosphate greatly depresses the signal in vitro and that micromolar concentrations of inoragnic pyrophosphate, comparable with that in cytoplasm, reverse this inhibition and stabilize the signal, eliminating its decay. Higher concentrations of pyrophosphate depress the signal by inhibiting ATP‐binding to luciferase. Luciferse‐injected cells exposed to extracellular luciferin concentrations above about 100 μmol/1 (corresponding to a cytoplasmic level of c. 5–10 μmol/1 because of a transplasmalemmal gradient) show a gradual, irreversible loss of signal. We attribute this phenomenon (which is not seen in vitro) to the gradual accumlation of a luminescently inactive, irreversible, luciferase‐oxyluciferin complex. At low luciferin levels this complex is prevented from forming by cytoplasmic pyrophosphate. Above c. 100μmol/1 extracellular luciferin, the pyrophosphate level in the cytoplasm fails to fully prevent the complex forming. In vitro this phenomenon does not occur because the luciferase concentrations and hence oxyluciferin levels are orders of magnitude lower than in cells injected with concentrated luciferase solutions, which have a cytoplasmic luciferase concentration of approximately 2‐4 μmol/1.
TCA‐100 tumour chemosensitivity assay: Differences in sensitivity between cultured tumour cell lines and clinical studies
Authors: Andreotti Peter E. , Linder Dee , Hartmann Diana M. , Cree Ian A. , Pazzagli Mario , Bruckner Howard W. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe BATLE LE TCA‐100 tumour chemosensitivity assay has been used to evaluate chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity of cultured tumour cell lines. Studies were performed using test drug concentrations calibrated to discriminate sensitivity and resistance of clinical specimens. Strong sensitivity which appeared to be inconsistent with clinical experience was detected for some drugs and cell lines. Findings of strong sensitivity were consistent with basic differences between sensitivity testing cultured cell lines and clinical specimens. Results with cell lines frequently may not apply directly to clinical applications. Characterization of differences between cell lines and clinical specimens may assist in application of cell line findings to clinical trials.
A new highly sensitive chemiluminescent assay of alkaline phosphatase using lucigenin and its application to enzyme immunoassay
Authors: Kitamura Mitsuko , Maeda Masako , Tsuji Akio 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe chemiluminescent reaction of lucigenin with various reducing sugars and reducing compounds has been studied. It was found that dihydroxyacetone gave the most intense chemiluminescence (CL). We have developed highly sensitive chemiluminescent methods for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) based on the production of dihydroxyacetone using NADP+ or glycerol‐3‐phosphate as substrate. The detection limits for ALP using each substrate were 1.25 × 10−19 mol/assay and 2.5 × 10−19 mol/assay, and the coefficient of variation (n = 7) was 2.8% and 3.7%, respectively. We have also applied the method using NADP+ as substrate in enzyme immunoassays (EIA) for cholecystokinin (CCK) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). CCK‐8 (octapeptide sulphated form of a carboxy terminal fragment of CCK) concentrations released from alimentary canal of rat were assayed using the chemiluminescent EIA (CLEIA) and a fluorimtric EIA (ALP label). The correlation between CCK‐8 values obtained by these methods was y = 1.04x + 18.21, r = 0.946, n = 28. hCG values in serum and in urine were measured. The correlation between hCG values in serum samples obtained using the CLEIA and a time‐resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR‐FIA), and in urine samples obtained using the CLEIA and the fluorimetric EIA using ALP were satisfactory. The correlations were y = 1.00x − 0.04, r = 0.997 (n = 51) and y = 1.00x − 0.03, r = 0.999 (n = 10), respectively.
Interactions between aldehyde derivatives and the aldehyde binding site of bacterial luciferase
Authors: Jockers Ralf , Ziegler Torsten , Schmid Rolf D. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe interaction of trizine aldehydes with the aldehyde binding site of bacterial luciferases was investigated using a series of triazine aldehydes with different aldehyde chain length, and substituents on the s‐triazine ring. Substrate activity was determined using luciferase from Photobacterium fischeri and Vibrio harveyi in a dithionite‐based luciferases assay. The chain length optimum was determined for two triazine aldehyde classes to be C‐10 and C‐11, respectively. Only the substrate activity of 10‐(4‐chloro‐6‐methyithio‐s‐triazine‐2‐yl)aminodecanal (5) was as high as n‐decanal, the reference aldehyde. All other triazine derivatives reduced light emission, probably by hindered binding of the substrates. The degree of activity reduction correlated with the volume of the triazine ring moiety. The triazine moiety volume of compound 5 was estimated to be 200 × 10−30 m3. Triazine aldehydes which showed reduced light emission had an estimated volume of 228 × 10−30 m3 or greater. All triazine aldehydes showed approximately 10‐fold lower activities for Vibrio harveyi than for Photobacterium fischeri luciferase. Substrate specificity was the same for both luciferases. A schematic superposition of quinone aldehydes and triazine aldehydes which showed substrate activities equivalent to n‐decanal, indicated potential interaction sites of aldehyde substrates with the aldehyde binding site of bacterial luciferases. The in vivo relevance of the results is discussed.
Optimization of a phagocyte microplate chemiluminescent assay
Authors: Kournikakis Bill , Simpson Maureen 
Published: May 2005

AbstractChemiluminescent assays have been used to quantify phagocytic activity since 1972. In recent years these assays have been adapted to the 96‐well microplate format as new luminometers have been developed. In this report we describe the optimization of a lucugenin enhanced phagocyte chemiluminescent assay using a Titertek Luminoskan. Factors such as cell concentration, serum concentration in the opsonization of the zymosan used and lucigenin concentration were all optimized in our assay. In addition we have found that some of the unique features of the Luminoskan, continuous microplate agitation during the assay and microplate temperature control up to 43°C, also significantly enhanced the chemiluminescent response.