bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic action of Pseudomonas fluorescens with melatonin attenuates salt toxicity in mustard by regulating antioxidant system and flavonoid profile
Authors: Khan Varisha , Umar Shahid , Iqbal Noushina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSalt stress is an alarming abiotic stress that reduces mustard growth and yield. To attenuate salt toxicity effects, plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) offers a sustainable approach. Among the various PGPR, Pseudomonas fluorescens (P. fluorescens NAIMCC‐B‐00340) was chosen for its salt tolerance (at 100 mM NaCl) and for exhibiting various growth‐promoting activities. Notably, P. fluorescens can produce auxin, which plays a role in melatonin (MT) synthesis. Melatonin is a pleiotropic molecule that acts as an antioxidant to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in stress reduction. Owing to the individual role of PGPR and MT in salt tolerance, and their casual nexus, their domino effect was investigated in Indian mustard under salt stress. The synergistic action of P. fluorescens and MT under salt stress conditions was found to enhance the activity of antioxidative enzymes and proline content as well as promote the production of secondary metabolites. This led to reduced oxidative stress following effective ROS scavenging, maintained photosynthesis, and improved growth. In mustard plants treated with MT and P. fluorescens under salt stress, eight flavonoids showed significant increase. Kaempferol and cyanidin showed the highest concentrations and are reported to act as antioxidants with protective functions under stress. Thus, we can anticipate that strategies involved in their enhancement could provide a better adaptive solution to salt toxicity in mustard plants.In conclusion, the combination of P. fluorescens and MT affected antioxidant metabolism and flavonoid profile that could be used to mitigate salt‐induced stress and bolster plant resilience.
Leaf surface features of maize cultivars and response to foliar phosphorus application: effect of leaf stage and plant phosphorus status
Authors: Henningsen Jon Niklas , Venturas Martin David , Quintero José Manuel , Garrido Ramiro Recena , Mühling Karl Hermann , Fernández Victoria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSoil phosphorus (P) application is the most common fertilisation technique but may involve constraints due to chemical fixation and microbial immobilisation. Furthermore, excessive P fertilisation leads to P runoff into water bodies, threatening ecosystems, so targeted foliar P fertilisation is an interesting alternative. This study aimed to determine the importance of leaf surface characteristics for foliar P uptake in P‐deficient maize (Zea mays L.). The leaf surface of four maize cultivars was characterised by electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and contact angle measurements. Uptake of foliar‐applied P by maize cultivars was estimated, measuring also leaf photosynthetic rates after foliar P spraying. Plants of cultivar P7948 were found to be wettable from the 4th leaf in acropetal direction, whereas other cultivars were unwettable until the 6th leaf had developed. Minor variations in stomatal number and cuticle composition were recorded, but no differences in foliar P absorption were observed between cultivars. Nevertheless, cultivars showed variation in the improvement of photosynthetic capacity following foliar P application. Phosphorus deficiency resulted in ultrastructural disorganisation of mesophyll cells and chloroplasts, which impaired photosynthetic performance, yet there was no effect on stomatal frequency and leaf wettability. This study provides new insights into the influence of P deficiency and cultivar on leaf surface characteristics, foliar P uptake and its effect on physiological processes. Understanding the relationships between leaf characteristics and P uptake allows a more targeted evaluation of foliar P fertilisation as an application technique and contributes to the understanding of foliar uptake mechanisms.
Periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: A critical appraisal
Authors: Carra Maria Clotilde , Rangé Hélène , Caligiuri Giuseppina , Bouchard Philippe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn spite of intensive research efforts driving spectacular advances in terms of prevention and treatments, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading health burden, accounting for 32% of all deaths (World Health Organization. “Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs).” WHO, February 1, 2017,https://www.who.int/news‐room/fact‐sheets/detail/cardiovascular‐diseases‐(cvds)). Cardiovascular diseases are a group of disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels. They encompass a collection of different conditions, among which atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the most prevalent. CVDs caused by atherosclerosis, that is, ASCVD, are particularly fatal: with heart attack and stroke being together the most prevalent cause of death in the world. To reduce the health burden represented by ASCVD, it is urgent to identify the nature of the “residual risk,” beyond the established risk factors (e.g., hypertension) and behavioral factors already maximally targeted by drugs and public health campaigns. Remarkably, periodontitis is increasingly recognized as an independent cardiovascular risk factor.
Protective roles of meditation practice and self‐esteem on cognitive functions over time: findings from the Midlife in the United States study
Authors: Bhattacharyya Kallol Kumar , Gupta Debasree Das , Schwartz Sarah , Molinari Victor , Fauth Elizabeth B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundCognitive function is an important component of healthy ageing. However, it is unclear whether relaxation/meditation practices provide cognitive benefits, particularly in midlife and early late life. Meditative practices are associated with higher self‐esteem, and self‐esteem serves as a general protective factor for many health outcomes. The current study examines associations between meditation practice, self‐esteem, and change over 10 years in midlife cognitive performance.MethodsData were from waves 2 (2003–2004) and 3 (2013–2014) of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study. We used structural equation modelling to examine whether persistent meditation practice at both waves or episodic practice at one wave is associated with better cognitive function over 10 years, compared to no meditation practice, while controlling for prior cognitive function and covariates (baseline socio‐demographics, health, and functional status). Additionally, we assessed if self‐esteem mediates the above associations.ResultsWe included 2168 individuals (Mage = 65 ± 11). After controlling for covariates, the findings revealed that persistent meditation practice in both waves was associated with significantly less decline in episodic memory; however, no such effects were found for executive function. Further, although participants' higher self‐esteem was significantly associated with less decline in executive function and episodic memory, it did not mediate the associations between meditation practice and cognitive functions.ConclusionsWhile both persistent meditation practice and self‐esteem have associations with cognitive outcomes for middle‐aged and older adults in MIDUS, self‐esteem as a mediator was not supported. Thus, future investigations should examine mechanisms that underlie these protective factors on cognitive performances across adulthood.
Reconstructing Atonement: Some New Lines of EnquiryParticipation and Atonement: An Analytic and Constructive Account, Oliver D.Crisp, Baker Academic, 2022 (ISBN 978‐0‐8010‐4996‐5), xii + 260 pp., hb $29.99.Rethinking the Atonement: New Perspectives on Jesus's Death, Resurrection, and Ascension, David M.Moffitt, Baker Academic, 2022 (ISBN 978‐1‐5409‐6623‐0), xxii + 298 pp., pb $35.Mapping Atonement: The Doctrine of Reconciliation in Christian History and Theology, William G.Witt and JoelScandrett, Baker Academic, 2022 (ISBN 978‐0‐8010‐3068‐0), xii + 244 pp., pb $27.99
Authors: Dominiak Paul 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe doctrine of the atonement faces apparently insurmountable complex contemporary challenges around the diversity of scriptural images, variety of postbiblical accounts and disagreements over what ought to be permissible in theological discourse. This article reviews these challenges, develops how three recent works attempt to overcome them and evaluates why these attempts at reconstructing atonement should be cautiously welcomed.
Whose Church? Which Unity?That We May Be One: Practicing Unity in a Divided Church, Gary B.Agee, Eerdmans, 2022 (ISBN 978‐0‐8028‐8186‐1), xviii + 150 pp., pb $19.99Winsome Conviction: Disagreeing Without Dividing the Church, TimMuehlhoff and RichardLanger, InterVarsity Press, 2020 (ISBN 978‐0‐8380‐4799‐0), x + 214 pp., pb $17
Authors: Waldron Stephen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThese two recent books each offer guidance to Christians in the United States on pursuing unity in the midst of social, moral, political, and theological divisions. They offer two distinct approaches: one relying mainly on relevant academic research and the other drawing mostly on a pastoral appeal. They also target different audiences: one an explicitly theologically conservative evangelical ‘church’, the other a ‘church’ including all professed Christians. This review argues that both have different strengths. While Agee's approach is ultimately more promising for addressing the underlying causes of disunity among Christians, Muehlhoff and Langer offer well‐founded tactics for mutual understanding within a more limited group of Christians.
Evaluation of oral manifestations and head and neck lymphadenopathy in newly diagnosed acute leukemia patients
Authors: Pamukcu Umut , Dal Mehmet Sinan , Yaman Samet , Aslan Candır Burcu , Bozan Ersin , Secilmis Sema , Acik Kemaloglu Sibel , Altuntas Fevzi , Peker Ilkay 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the frequency of head and neck lymphadenopathy (LAP) and intraoral findings (non‐dental/dental) in patients with newly diagnosed acute leukemia (AL).Subjects and methodsTwenty‐eight (52.8%) females and 25 (47.2%) males in a total of 53 patients with newly diagnosed AL with a mean age of 46 years were included in the study. Personal information, the type of AL (AML [acute myelogenous leukemia]/ALL [acute lymphocytic leukemia]), and hematological findings (anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia) were obtained from medical records. One of two calibrated oral diagnosis and maxillofacial radiology specialists performed extraoral (head and neck LAPs) and intraoral (non‐dental and dental) clinical examinations. The Chi‐square (χ2) test was used to evaluate categorical variables.ResultsLAP was observed in 22.6% and intraoral findings in 30.2% of the patients. LAP was most commonly observed in the neck and none in the parotid glands. The most intraoral findings were gingival/mucosal bleeding and oral petechiae/ecchymosis. While there was no statistical difference between AML and ALL patients in terms of LAP (p > .05), intraoral findings were observed more in patients with AML (p < .05). Only two (3.8%) patients had dental findings. With a slight difference, intraoral findings were more with thrombocytopenia and LAP with neutropenia.ConclusionIn AL, especially non‐dental intraoral findings are common. The fact that dentists working in the oral cavity are often the first specialists to encounter the oral manifestations of AL imposes an important role in early diagnosis and treatment.
Care relationship and interaction between patients and ambulance clinicians: A qualitative meta‐synthesis from a person‐centred perspective
Authors: Tikkanen Viivi , Sundberg Kay 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAmbulance care is characterised by disaster medicine, traumatology and care for acute illnesses and accidents. The focus of ambulance care is clearly on medical care, whereas interpersonal interaction between patients and ambulance clinicians appears less prioritised. A patient within ambulance care needs to be listened to, be taken seriously, be treated with empathy and be seen as a unique person. These are fundamental to delivering Person‐centred care.AimThe purpose is to describe how the care relationship and interaction between patients and ambulance clinicians in prehospital emergency care are described in the literature and how they can be interpreted from a person‐centred perspective.Data Sources and Review MethodsA qualitative meta‐synthesis was used. Data collection was carried out with PubMed, CINAHL Plus and Web of Science in September–October 2022 and in August–September 2023. The first article searching applied a timeline 1990–2022 and the second applied a timeline 2022–2023. A total of 13 studies employing a qualitative approach were evaluated and included in the interpretive analysis.ResultsThree themes were identified: A good care relationship, Decision‐making and Hindrances to practising person‐centred care in ambulance care. Trust, good communication and respect for patients' dignity were the most important parts of the good care relationship between patients and ambulance clinicians. Decision‐making regarding the examination of patients, medical treatment and transport to the receiving care unit was one of the tasks that ambulance clinicians do independently but in cooperation with patients and family members. Person‐centred care within ambulance care may be hindered due to environmental factors, attitudes and behaviour of ambulance clinicians and patient‐related factors.ConclusionMany ambulance clinicians have already adopted Person‐centred care, but several factors can hinder Person‐centred care in interactions with patients. Although the results build on a limited number of studies, they indicate that person‐centred care needs to be further developed and studied for high‐quality ambulance care.
What policy functions are reflected in the distribution of financial support for parents by child age and birth order? An analysis of 28 European countries
Authors: Fidanovski Kristijan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMotivated by the growing prominence of fertility incentivisation and long‐term child development in European family policymaking, this paper examines the distribution of financial support for parents over the course of childhood and between birth orders in Europe. We use the term ‘older‐oriented age bias’ to refer to support that is more generous for older children and the term ‘younger‐oriented age bias’ for more generous support for younger children. Similarly, we refer to distribution patterns tilted towards later birth orders as ‘later‐oriented parity bias’ and to those that favour earlier birth orders as ‘earlier‐oriented parity bias’. Based on a list of four classical policy functions of financial support for parents (child cost compensation, fertility incentivisation, child poverty reduction, and child development), we formulate six (sets of) hypotheses for the age and parity distribution of financial support for parents. To assess these distribution patterns, we examine monthly financial support (allowance‐ and tax‐based) for the first four birth orders at child ages 2, 9, and 17 in low‐income and middle‐income households across 28 European countries as of January 2021. We find that European welfare states typically provide more generous support for younger children, while the support distribution in terms of birth orders depends on pre‐support household income. We also find considerable cross‐country heterogeneity, with fertility incentivisation and (especially) child development being reflected by more countries than child cost compensation and poverty reduction. Our analysis sheds light on previously underexplored trends and implications in the design of financial support for parents in Europe.
Ectopic expression of a bacterial thiamin monophosphate kinase enhances vitamin B1 biosynthesis in plants
Authors: Chung Yi‐Hsin , Chen Ting‐Chieh , Yang Wen‐Ju , Chen Soon‐Ziet , Chang Jia‐Ming , Hsieh Wei‐Yu , Hsieh Ming‐Hsiun 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARYPlants and bacteria have distinct pathways to synthesize the bioactive vitamin B1 thiamin diphosphate (TDP). In plants, thiamin monophosphate (TMP) synthesized in the TDP biosynthetic pathway is first converted to thiamin by a phosphatase, which is then pyrophosphorylated to TDP. In contrast, bacteria use a TMP kinase encoded by ThiL to phosphorylate TMP to TDP directly. The Arabidopsis THIAMIN REQUIRING2 (TH2)‐encoded phosphatase is involved in TDP biosynthesis. The chlorotic th2 mutants have high TMP and low thiamin and TDP. Ectopic expression of Escherichia coli ThiL and ThiL‐GFP rescued the th2‐3 mutant, suggesting that the bacterial TMP kinase could directly convert TMP into TDP in Arabidopsis. These results provide direct evidence that the chlorotic phenotype of th2‐3 is caused by TDP rather than thiamin deficiency. Transgenic Arabidopsis harboring engineered ThiL‐GFP targeting to the cytosol, chloroplast, mitochondrion, or nucleus accumulated higher TDP than the wild type (WT). Ectopic expression of E. coli ThiL driven by the UBIQUITIN (UBI) promoter or an endosperm‐specific GLUTELIN1 (GT1) promoter also enhanced TDP biosynthesis in rice. The pUBI:ThiL transgenic rice accumulated more TDP and total vitamin B1 in the leaves, and the pGT1:ThiL transgenic lines had higher TDP and total vitamin B1 in the seeds than the WT. Total vitamin B1 only increased by approximately 25–30% in the polished and unpolished seeds of the pGT1:ThiL transgenic rice compared to the WT. Nevertheless, these results suggest that genetic engineering of a bacterial vitamin B1 biosynthetic gene downstream of TMP can enhance vitamin B1 production in rice.
Maternal outcomes following postpartum autotransfusion of blood lost during vaginal obstetric hemorrhage
Authors: Phillips Jaclyn M. , Larkin Jacob , Waters Jonathan H. , Tamura Takahiro , Sakamoto Sara 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAutotransfusion following vaginal delivery has not been as widely adopted and existing data on this topic are limited to small case series.MethodsThis is a single‐center retrospective matched cohort study. Deliveries exposed to autotransfusion during obstetric hemorrhage were matched to unexposed controls with obstetric hemorrhage who did not receive autotransfusion. The primary outcome was allogeneic transfusion of packed red blood cells. Planned secondary analyses included change in hemoglobin following delivery, composite maternal safety outcomes, and unplanned postpartum health care utilization.ResultsThirty‐six deliveries exposed to autotransfusion were matched to 144 unexposed controls. There was no significant difference in allogenic transfusion of packed red blood cells in the patients exposed to autotransfusion red with unexposed controls (adjusted OR 1.1; 95% CI 0.5–2.4). Deliveries that received autotransfusion had a less severe pre‐ to post‐delivery decline in hemoglobin compared with unexposed controls across all values of QBL (p = .003). There were no significant differences in maternal morbidity outcomes evaluated in exposed versus unexposed deliveries.ConclusionAutotransfusion in cases of vaginal obstetric hemorrhage did not attenuate rates of allogenic packed red blood cell transfusion but did result in a less severe pre‐ to postdelivery decline in hemoglobin at discharge. Autotransfusion cases did not have any markers of increased maternal morbidity when compared with a control group. These findings support emerging evidence indicating that autotransfusion of blood lost during vaginal obstetric hemorrhage is a safe and potentially effective tool for use in the management of obstetric hemorrhage.
Influence of environmental factors on seed germination and seedling emergence of Amaranthus blitoides S. Watson and A. hybridus L.
Authors: Talaee M. , Rezvani M. , Radmard M. , Sindel B. M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAmaranthus blitoides S. Watson and A. hybridus L. are common herbaceous annual summer weeds in different regions of Iran, which produce a large number of small seeds per plant. The goal of these experiments was to determine seed germination cardinal temperature and investigate the effect of constant temperature, osmotic and salt stresses, stratification, flooding duration, after‐ripening and seed planting depth on seed germination and seedling emergence. Two‐piece segmented, dent‐like and beta four‐parameter models were used to investigate the relationship between germination rate and constant temperature. The dent‐like model showed the best description of the effect of constant temperature on seed germination rate of both A. blitoides and A. hybridus. Optimal seed germination of A. blitoides occurred at 35°C, but in A. hybridus optimum germination was observed in a range of constant temperatures from 30 to 40°C. Osmotic and salt stresses and flooding adversely affected seed germination of both species. After ripening for 6 months increased germination percentage of both A. blitoides and A. hybridus. Maximum seedling emergence of A. blitoides (42.8%) and A. hybridus (44.9%) occurred at a planting depth of 3.3 cm, whereas further increased planting depth minimized seedling emergence of both weeds. Information obtained from this study will help us to develop effective techniques for management of A. blitoides and A. hybridus.
Socioeconomic status and severe mental disorders: a bidirectional multivariable Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Andreu-Bernabeu Álvaro , González-Peñas Javier , Arango Celso , Díaz-Caneja Covadonga M 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundDespite the evidence supporting the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and severe mental disorders (SMD), the directionality of the associations between income or education and mental disorders is still poorly understood.ObjectiveTo investigate the potential bidirectional causal relationships between genetic liability to the two main components of SES (income and educational attainment (EA)) on three SMD: schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (BD) and depression.MethodsWe performed a bidirectional, two-sample univariable Mendelian randomisation (UVMR) and multivariable Mendelian randomisation (MVMR) study using SES phenotypes (income, n=397 751 and EA, n=766 345) and SMD (schizophrenia, n=127 906; BD, n=51 710 and depression, n=500 119) genome-wide association studies summary—statistics to dissect the potential direct associations of income and EA with SMD.FindingsUVMR showed that genetic liability to higher income was associated with decreased risk of schizophrenia and depression, with a smaller reverse effect of schizophrenia and depression on income. Effects were comparable after adjusting for EA in the MVMR. UMVR showed bidirectional negative associations between genetic liability to EA and depression and positive associations between genetic liability to EA and BD, with no significant effects on schizophrenia. After accounting for income, MVMR showed a bidirectional positive direction between genetic liability to EA and BD and schizophrenia but not with depression.ConclusionsOur results suggest a heterogeneous link pattern between SES and SMD. We found a negative bidirectional association between genetic liability to income and the risk of schizophrenia and depression. On the contrary, we found a positive bidirectional relationship of genetic liability to EA with schizophrenia and BD, which only becomes apparent after adjusting for income in the case of schizophrenia.Clinical implicationsThese findings shed light on the directional mechanisms between social determinants and mental disorders and suggest that income and EA should be studied separately in relation to mental illness.