bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Heterogeneity Across Dimensions of Alcohol Use Behaviors
Authors: Savage Jeanne E , Barr Peter B , Phung Tanya , Lee Younga H. , Zhang Yingzhe ,   COGA Investigators, Ge Tian , Smoller Jordan W. , Davis Lea K. , Meyers Jacquelyn , Porjesz Bernice , Posthuma Danielle , Mallard Travis T , Sanchez-Roige Sandra 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundIncreasingly large samples in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for alcohol use behaviors (AUBs) have led to an influx of implicated genes, yet the clinical and functional understanding of these associations remains low. This is, in part, because most GWASs do not account for complex and varied manifestations of AUBs. This study applied a multidimensional framework to investigate the latent genetic structure underlying heterogeneous dimensions of AUBs.MethodsMulti-modal assessments (self-report, interview, electronic health records) were obtained from approximately 400,000 UK Biobank participants. GWAS was conducted for 18 distinct AUBs, including consumption, drinking patterns, alcohol problems, and clinical sequelae. Latent genetic factors were identified and carried forward to GWAS using genomic structural equation modeling, followed by functional annotation, genetic correlation, and enrichment analyses to interpret the genetic associations.ResultsFour latent factors were identified:Problems, Consumption, BeerPref(declining alcohol consumption with a preference for drinking beer), andAtypicalPref(drinking fortified wine and spirits). The latent factors were moderately correlated (rg=.12-.57) and had distinct patterns of associations, withBeerPrefin particular implicating many novel genomic regions. Patterns of regional and cell type specific gene expression in the brain also differed between the latent factors.ConclusionDeep phenotyping and multi-modal assessment is an important next step to improve understanding of the genetic etiology of AUBs, in addition to increasing sample size. Further effort is required to uncover the genetic heterogeneity underlying AUBs using methods that account for their complex, multidimensional nature.
Unveiling the Epigenetic Impact of Vegan vs. Omnivorous Diets on Aging: Insights from the Twins Nutrition Study (TwiNS)
Authors: Dwaraka Varun B. , Aronica Lucia , Carreras-Gallo Natalia , Robinson Jennifer L , Hennings Tayler , Lin Aaron , Turner Logan , Smith Ryan , Mendez Tavis L. , Went Hannah , Ebel Emily R. , Carter Matthew M. , Sonnenburg Erica D. , Sonnenburg Justin L. , Gardner Christopher D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGeroscience has emerged as a field focusing on interventions to attenuate molecular changes associated with aging. While lifestyle modifications, medications, and social factors are recognized influencers of the aging process, a comprehensive understanding of the intricate molecular mechanisms necessitates an in-depth exploration of the epigenetic landscape. Notably, the specific epigenetic clock and predictor effects of a vegan diet, compared to an omnivorous counterpart, remain inadequately explored, despite indications of potential impacts on aging-related outcomes. This study addresses this knowledge gap by examining the impact of an eight-week entirely plant-based or healthy omnivorous diet on blood DNA methylation in paired twins. Results show distinct responses, with the vegan cohort solely exhibiting significant decreases in overall epigenetic age acceleration (PC GrimAge, PC PhenoAge, DunedinPACE), including among specific systems (Inflammation, Heart, Hormone, Liver, and Metabolic), aligning with anti-aging effects of plant-based diets. Analyses of methylation surrogates of clinical, metabolite, and protein markers indicate diet-specific shifts, while exemplifying DNA methylation markers in predicting complex traits influenced by diet. Comprehensive epigenome-wide analysis unveils diet-specific differentially methylated loci, offering insights into influenced pathways. This study sheds light on the advantageous aging benefits of a healthy vegan diet, while providing a foundation for future personalized interventions using epigenetic age clocks in promoting overall well-being.
Cabergoline as a Preventive Migraine Treatment: An Investigator-Initiated Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hjelholt Astrid Johannesson , Bach Flemming Winther , Kasch Helge , Støvring Henrik , Jensen Troels Staehelin , Jørgensen Jens Otto Lunde 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundBeneficial effects of dopamine agonist treatment on migraine have been reported but remain to be properly tested.Aimto examine the effect of cabergoline as preventive treatment for migraine.Primary endpointChange in monthly migraine days (MMD).MethodsIn a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study, 36 adults with episodic and chronic migraine were enrolled. Following a 28-days baseline period, participants received cabergoline 0.5 mg or placebo once weekly for 12 weeks as add-on treatment. An electronic headache diary was completed by the participant, and pertinent headache questionnaires and blood tests were collected at baseline and following the treatment period. The trial was registered withClinicalTrials.gov(NCT05525611).FindingsMean (SD) baseline MMD was 13.6 (4.1) in the cabergoline group and 14.0 (5.3) in the placebo group. In participants with episodic migraine (n= 20), the change in mean MMD (SE) from baseline to the last 28 days of the treatment period was -5.4 (1.3) (cabergoline) as compared to -1.8 (0.9) (placebo) [odds ratio: 0.79 (95% CI 0.65 - 0.95), p=0.014]. In participants with chronic migraine (n=13), the reduction in MMD with cabergoline was not significant (p=0.6). Patients’ global impression of change significantly improved after cabergoline as compared to placebo in the entire group of participants (p=0.006). The number of participants with episodic migraine achieving ≥ 50% reduction in MMD tended to increase after cabergoline (p=0.07). Seven participants receiving cabergoline and 4 participants receiving placebo experienced adverse effects, none of which were serious.InterpretationsPreventive cabergoline treatment exhibited clinically meaningful improvement in episodic migraine without serious adverse effects. This provides proof-of-concept to justify a sufficiently powered phase 2 trial with different cabergoline dosing regimens as preventive treatment of episodic migraine.FundingThis study has received no external funding.
The Effect of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction on Glycemic Control and Psychological Well-being of Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Review of Experimental Studies
Authors: Qona’ah Arina , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo , Nursalam Nursalam 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTMost diabetes mellitus patients experience psychological problems resulting from the disease, disease management, and complications. Inadequate management of psychological problems may place patients at greater risk for depression. This systematic review aims to identify the effects of mindful interventions in controlling glycemic levels and psychological well-being in diabetes mellitus patients. The systematic review conducted on the study used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. This systematic review uses the Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. The keywords used are diabetes mellitus type 2, mindfulness-based stress reduction, AND/OR, glycemic control, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and psychological well-being. The words used are adjusted to the Medical Subject Heading (MeSH). The articles used are published in English in 2014 – 2023, full-text, and are research articles. The search results showed that most mindfulness interventions used were MBSR (Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction) for 8 weeks taught by professionals. Mindfulness is provided by trained professionals and taught again using communication media, namely CDs or mobile applications. Mindfulness has a significant effect on reducing fasting blood sugar levels and HbA1c in type 2 DM patients. Mindfulness improves psychological well-being and reduces depression, anxiety, resilience, and emotional health in diabetes patients. Mindfulness is a therapy that can be used to manage the psychological problems of DM patients where with good emotional control the patient can control glycemic levels to normal limits
Evaluating the Association between Routine Pneumococcal Vaccination and COVID-19 Severity among Older Adults in the United States
Authors: Prunas Ottavia , Tiu Andrew , Bansal Shweta , Weinberger Daniel M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) andStreptococcus pneumoniaeremains uncertain. This study investigates the association between routine pneumococcal vaccination and the progression to severe COVID-19 outcomes in a cohort of older adults in the United States.MethodsOur cohort study includes adults aged 65 and older from a subset of adults covered by Medicare in the United States with a documented COVID-19 diagnosis. Logistic regression models were employed to assess the association between pneumococcal vaccination (13-valent conjugate vaccine [PCV13] and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine [PPSV23]) and COVID-19 severity.ResultsAmong 90,070 Medicare enrollees with a COVID-19 diagnosis, 28,124 individuals exhibited severe respiratory symptoms or were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). The odds ratio (OR) for progression from non-severe symptoms to respiratory symptoms with or without ICU admission with prior PCV13 receipt was 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88, 0.93), the OR for progression from severe respiratory symptoms to ICU critical care with prior PCV13 receipt was 0.92 (95% CI, 0.88, 0.97), and the OR for progression from non-severe symptoms to ICU critical care with prior PCV13 receipt was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.81, 0.90). There was no association between PPSV23 received more than five years before the COVID-19 diagnosis and the COVID-19 outcomes.ConclusionsOverall, our findings indicate moderate to no association between PCV vaccination and COVID-19 severity.
Predictors of Breast Self-Examination Practice Among Women Aged 20 and Above In Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia. Health Belief Model Approach
Authors: Bekele Belayneh , Yunkura Ermias , Bogale Netsanet , Gemechu Lelisa , Gebretsadik Achamyelesh , Geleta Dereje 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionBreast self-examination is a straightforward, affordable, and uncomplicated approach to identify any alteration in the breast. When conducted correctly, it aids in the early detection of breast cancer and diminishes its impact on health and mortality. It is advised that women aged 20 and above perform self-examinations monthly, consistently. However, the extent of breast self-examination practices in Ethiopia has not been thoroughly documented.ObjectiveThe aim of the study is to identify predictors of breast self-examination practices and associated factors among women aged 20 and above in Sidama Region, South Ethiopia.MethodsA Cross-sectional study was conducted on 1000 women aged 20-70 years. The study employed a multistage sampling method. Data collection was performed using a structured and pretested interviewer administered questionnaire. The collected data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study population in relation to relevant variables. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the impact of independent variables on the dependent variable. Variables with p-value <0.25 were considered as candidates for multivariable logistic regression. Statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05 and 95% CI.ResultThe prevalence of breast self-examination was found to be 5.2%, with only 46.2% of participants performing it regularly. Factors significantly associated with the practice of BSE among women included were Good knowledge about breast cancer and breast self-examination (Adjusted odds ratio=4.5, 95%CI: 1.4, 14.7), high perceived susceptibility (Adjusted odds Ratio =2.7, 95%CI: 1.4, 5.2), high perceived barrier (Adjusted odds ratio=0.30, 95%CI: 0.11, 0.8) and high perceived self-efficacy (Adjusted odds ratio=3.9, 95%CI: 2.0, 7.7).ConclusionThe study revealed a notably low prevalence of BSE practice among the study population compared to previous study conducted in Ethiopia. Factors such as knowledge about breast cancer and breast self-examination, high perceived susceptibility, and high perceived self-efficacy were identified as significant predictors of BSE practice. To address this issue, collaboration and efforts from various stakeholders including Zonal Health department, District health offices, Health workers, and other relevant parties are needed. It is crucial to focus on raising awareness and improving the perception of women regarding BSE to enhance the currently inadequate practice.
BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF COMPLEMENTARY THERAPY TRENDS FOR MENSTRUATION PAIN
Authors: Pawestri  , Rumambo Pandin Moses Glorino , Yunitasari Esti 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundResearch interest in the topic of complementary interventions to treat menstrual pain is increasing. In future research, researchers need information about trends and new things on complementary interventions to treat menstrual pain.PurposeThe research aims to determine trends in the number of publications, journals with the highest number of publications, which fields receive the most publication permits, network visualization, overlay visualization, and density visualization on complementary topics related to intervention dealing with menstrual pain.MethodsA search for publications on trends in complementary interventions to treat primary menstrual pain in adolescents resulted in 23,935 articles, four grants, 2,427 patents, and 42 clinical trials. After filtering through specified criteria, the number of articles obtained was 3,214, 249 patents, and 19 clinical trials.ResultsA search for publications on trends in complementary interventions to treat primary menstrual pain in adolescents resulted in 23,935 articles, four grants, 2,427 patents, and 42 clinical trials. After filtering through criteria such as publication year, research categories, publication type, published between 2018-2023, focus in the field of Health sciences, nursing, public health, clinical sciences, and article publication type were included as inclusion criteria of this study. The study obtained 3,214 articles, 249 patents, and 19 clinical trials. The peak of publications regarding trends in complementary interventions to treat primary menstrual pain in adolescents occurred in 2018. Meanwhile, the lowest number was in 2023. Research on complementary intervention trends to overcome primary menstrual pain in adolescents is in medicine, public health, nursing, and other fields such as trade management, tourism and services, human society, law, and legal studies. In addition, there is currently a trend for complementary therapy interventions to treat menstrual pain. Complementary therapies that are still rarely researched are progressive muscle relaxation therapy or herbal ginger to ease menstrual pain.Apart from that, progressive muscle relaxation therapy can also be used to treat anxiety in teenagers who experience menstrual pain, or the ginger herb has rarely been researched to treat menstrual pain.ConclusionTrends regarding complementary therapy interventions to treat menstrual pain need a review to find relevant alternative interventions for adolescent development and current digital developments. It is suggested that the next researcher choose a low visualization category theme to look for novelties in further research, one of which is ginger herbal therapy to overcome menstrual pain or interventions to overcome adolescent anxiety when experiencing menstrual pain.
Multi-contrast high-field quality image synthesis for portable low-field MRI using generative adversarial networks and paired data
Authors: Lucas Alfredo , Arnold T. Campbell , Okar Serhat V. , Vadali Chetan , Kawatra Karan D. , Ren Zheng , Cao Quy , Shinohara Russell T. , Schindler Matthew K. , Davis Kathryn A. , Litt Brian , Reich Daniel S. , Stein Joel M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionPortable low-field strength (64mT) MRI scanners promise to increase access to neuroimaging for clinical and research purposes, however these devices produce lower quality images compared to high-field scanners. In this study, we developed and evaluated a deep learning architecture to generate high-field quality brain images from low-field inputs using a paired dataset of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients scanned at 64mT and 3T.MethodsA total of 49 MS patients were scanned on portable 64mT and standard 3T scanners at Penn (n=25) or the National Institutes of Health (NIH, n=24) with T1-weighted, T2-weighted and FLAIR acquisitions. Using this paired data, we developed a generative adversarial network (GAN) architecture for low- to high-field image translation (LowGAN). We then evaluated synthesized images with respect to image quality, brain morphometry, and white matter lesions.ResultsSynthetic high-field images demonstrated visually superior quality compared to low-field inputs and significantly higher normalized cross-correlation (NCC) to actual high-field images for T1 (p=0.001) and FLAIR (p<0.001) contrasts. LowGAN generally outperformed the current state- of-the-art for low-field volumetrics. For example, thalamic, lateral ventricle, and total cortical volumes in LowGAN outputs did not differ significantly from 3T measurements. Synthetic outputs preserved MS lesions and captured a known inverse relationship between total lesion volume and thalamic volume.ConclusionsLowGAN generates synthetic high-field images with comparable visual and quantitative quality to actual high-field scans. Enhancing portable MRI image quality could add value and boost clinician confidence, enabling wider adoption of this technology.
“Another world of pain” – Athlete and Sport Physiotherapist perspectives on the unique experience of pain in sport
Authors: Purcell Ciarán , Barry Walsh Caoimhe , Van Oirschot Garett , Fullen Brona M , Ward Tomás , Caulfield Brian M 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo explore athlete’s and sports physiotherapists’ experiences of sports-related pain in the upper and lower limb.MethodsUsing a constructivist and pragmatic perspective we carried out focus groups comprising a deliberate criterion sample of athletes and sports physiotherapists. We used a topic guide that moved from open exploratory questions to questions focusing on the phenomena of sports-related pain in athletes. We coded, developed candidate themes and refined finalised themes using reflexive thematic analysis. A member of our research team acted as a critical friend adding additional perspectives. We followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ).ResultsWe completed five focus groups comprising twelve athletes (n=5 female, n=7 male) and four sports physiotherapists (n=4 male) including one initial pilot (two athletes). We developed four final themes (I-IV) and nine subthemes (a-i). I) Athlete Pain Lens ( a - pain is part of being an athlete, b - pain shapes the life of an athlete) II) Exploring And Navigating Pain (c- the sports-related pain spectrum, d- making sense of pain) III) The Emotional Toll of Pain (e - challenging emotions, f - the impact of time) IV) Coping, Community and Communication (g - coping with Pain, h - influence of community and support network, i - communication-the broken key).ConclusionWe highlighted the distinct and challenging phenomenon of sports-related pain experienced by athletes and physiotherapists. Through effective communication members of the athlete’s community may recognize, and adjust to these challenges.
Dengue Vaccine Effectiveness: Results from a Six-Year Population-Based Cohort Study in Southern Brazil
Authors: Luhm Karin Regina , Shimakura Silvia Emiko , Raboni Sonia Mara , Vieira da Costa-Ribeiro Magda Clara , Diaz-Quijano Fredi Alexander , de Mello Angela Maron , Roberto da Silva Lineu , Buffon Marilene da Cruz Magalhães , Maluf Eliane Mara Cesário Pereira , Graeff Gabriel , Preto Clara , de Almeida Gustavo Araújo , de Sousa Gabriela Amanda , Krainski Elias Teixeira , Evans Allan Arnold , de Carvalho Denise Siqueira 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTThe alarming growth of dengue worldwide and its social and economic impact have demanded more effective responses for its prevention and control. Currently, the first vaccine approved in Brazil for its prevention, Dengvaxia®, was administered to a target population of around 500,000 residents in southern Brazil. This study reports its effectiveness after a six-year follow-up period from August 2016 to July 2022. Dengue vaccination campaign was carried out in a target population of individuals aged 15–27 in 28 municipalities and 9–44 years in the other two. In this population-based cohort study, exposure to the vaccine included groups with different numbers of doses and adherence to the complete schedule. The primary outcome was probable dengue case. Other endpoints included laboratory- confirmed dengue, serotype, dengue with warning signs or severe illness, and hospitalization. Approximately 60.4% of the participants received at least one vaccine dose. A total of 50,658 probable dengue cases (PDC) were notified of which 15,131 were laboratory-confirmed dengue cases. Overall effectiveness for at least one dose was 33.7% (95% CI: 32.5–34.9) for PDC and 20.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.1–22.9) for laboratory-confirmed cases. Greater vaccine effectiveness was observed in older individuals and for the DENV-4 and DENV-1 serotypes. The vaccine showed no effectiveness against DENV-2; no DENV-3 cases occurred. A lower hospitalization rate was observed among the vaccinated group. Differences in the incidence of severe dengue cases and warning signs could not draw a definite conclusion. Vaccination was associated with a one-third reduction in the incidence of probable dengue cases. By serotypes, the reduction was significant only for DENV-1 and DENV-4.Author SummariesOutcomes resulting from dengue mass vaccination remains limited.Study on Dengvaxia®’s effectiveness in a target population of 501,000 with unknown serostatus. Dengue risk reduction was significant for DENV-1 and DENV-4.