bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tantangan Dalam Diagnosis Atresia Esofagus Tipe C: Sebuah Laporan Kasus
Authors: Retnaningtyas Lucia Pudyastuti 
Published: January 2024

Abstract—Newborn with hypersalivation and vomiting can be caused by various causes, one of which is esophageal atresia. Esophageal atresia is a rare disease, the most life-threatening congenital malformations in newborns, a congenital gastro-intestinal abnormality characterized by loss of esophageal continuity (atresia) with or without tracheo-esophageal fistula. With a thorough history and physical examination, supported by a simple radiological examination, the diagnosis of esophageal atresia can be established. In this case, the 4-day-old baby was referred twice from a mother and child hospital to a fully equipped hospital. Babies experience drooling from birth and vomit immediately after feeding. At referral hospital, an orogastric tube (OGT) is installed to the patient, and it is found that the tip of OGT cannot fit along the predetermined size, and the OGT tip rises again - coiled inside the baby's mouth. From the results of the radiological examination of the babygram, a circular OGT image was obtained in Thoracal IV. The diagnosis of type C esophageal atresia can be established immediately by oesophagography, and patient got esophageal repair and neonatal intensive care with good result. This case report is useful to learn in establishing the diagnosis of esophageal atresia early to get prompt management.
Keywords: drooling, hypersalivation, newborn, esophageal atresia

Abstrak—Bayi baru lahir dengan hipersalivasi dan muntah dapat disebabkan oleh bermacam penyebab, salah satunya atresia esofagus. Atresia esofagus (AE) adalah penyakit langka, salah satu malformasi kongenital yang paling mengancam jiwa pada bayi yang baru lahir, sebuah kelainan kongenital gastro-intestinal yang ditandai dengan hilangnya kontinuitas esofagus (atresia) dengan atau tanpa adanya fistula trakeo-esofagus. Dengan anamnesis dan pemeriksaan fisik yang teliti, didukung dengan pemeriksaan radiologi sederhana, diagnosis atresia esofagus dapat ditegakkan. Pada kasus ini, bayi usia 4 hari mengalami rujukan dua kali dari rumah sakit ibu dan anak baru kemudian sampai di rumah sakit dengan fasilitas lengkap. Bayi mengalami drooling sejak lahir dan muntah segera tiap kali diberi minum. Di rumah sakit rujukan, bayi dipasang orogastric tube (OGT), dan didapatkan bahwa ujung OGT tidak dapat masuk sepanjang ukuran yang telah ditentukan, dan ujung OGT naik kembali - melingkar di dalam mulut bayi. Dari hasil pemeriksaan radiologi babygram, didapatkan gambaran OGT melingkar di Thoracal IV. Diagnosis atresia esofagus tipe C dapat segera ditegakkan berdasarkan esofagografi, dan pasien mendapatkan penanganan komprehensif berupa tindakan repair esofagus dan perawatan neonatus di Neonatal Intensive Care Unit dengan hasil yang baik. Laporan kasus ini memberi pelajaran untuk dapat menegakkan diagnosis AE secara dini untuk mendapatkan managemen yang tepat.
Kata kunci: hipersalivasi, muntah, bayi baru lahir, atresia esofagus
Biochemical changes in articular cartilage opposing full- and partial-thickness cartilage lesions in horses
Authors: Richardson Dean W. , Clark Charles C. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
Using arthroscopic technique, identical diameter defects were created in the proximal articular surface of both intermediate carpal bones of 6 horses. One of each pair of defects was deepened to penetrate the subchondral plate. Removed cartilage was assayed for [35S] sulfate incorporation, total hexosamine content, and dna content. Six weeks later, cartilage was harvested and similarly analyzed from the distolateral portion of the radius directly opposite the created lesions and the distomedial portion of the radius distant from the lesion. The repair tissue filling the full-thickness defect and the cartilage at the periphery of the partial-thickness lesion also were analyzed.
There was a marked increase in synthetic activity (35S sulfate incorporation) opposite the full-thickness defect, compared with the cartilage opposite the partial-thickness defect. A marked decrease in glycosaminoglycan content in the cartilage opposite the full-thickness defect was found as compared with that opposite the partialthickness defect. The repair tissue filling the full-thickness defect was highly cellular, high in synthetic activity, but low in glycosaminoglycan content. Insignificant changes occurred in the cartilage adjacent to the partialthickness defect. On the basis of these results, we suggest that full-thickness defects at 6 weeks result in more detrimental change to the cartilage opposite it than do partial-thickness lesions of the same diameter.
Thyroid function tests in euthyroid dogs treated with l-thyroxine
Authors: Panciera David L. , MacEwen E. Gregory , Atkins Clarke E. , Bosu William T. K. , Refsal Kent R. , Nachreiner Raymond F. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
The effects of treatment with l-thyroxine (1 mg/m2 of body surface/d, po, for 8 weeks) on the thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) responses to thyrotropin (tsh) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (trh) administration were determined in 10 euthyroid Beagles; 4 other dogs acted as controls. The tsh response test was performed before treatment and at weeks 2, 4, and 8 of treatment in all dogs and at 2 and 4 weeks after cessation of treatment in 6 dogs. The trh response test was performed before treatment and at week 6 of treatment in all dogs and at 5 weeks after cessation of treatment in 6 dogs.
Suppression of the T3 response to tsh was evident at treatment week 2, whereas the T4 response was suppressed at week 4 and remained suppressed for the duration of the study. Four weeks after l-thyroxine treatment was stopped, T3 response to tsh had returned to pretreatment values. Four weeks after stopping treatment, T4 and T3 responses to tsh in 2 dogs were within the hypothyroid range. The T4 response to trh was completely suppressed after 6 weeks of thyroxine treatment, but returned to pretreatment values by 5 weeks after cessation of treatment. Suppression of thyroid and pituitary function is evident after administration of a replacement dose of l-thyroxine to euthyroid dogs.
Effect of high PaCO2 and time on cerebrospinal fluid and intraocular pressure in halothane-anesthetized horses
Authors: Cullen L. K. , Steffey E. P. , Bailey C. S. , Kortz G. , da Silva Curiel J. , Bellhorn R. W. , Woliner M. J. , Elliott A. R. , Jarvis K. A. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
The effects of different arterial carbon dioxide tensions (PaCO2) on cerebrospinal fluid pressure (csfp) and intraocular pressure (iop) were studied in 6 male halothane-anesthetized horses positioned in left lateral recumbency. Steady-state anesthetic conditions (1.06% end-tidal halothane concentration) commenced 60 minutes following anesthetic induction with only halothane in oxygen. During atracurium neuromuscular blockade, horses were ventilated, and respiratory rate and peak inspiratory airway pressure were maintained within narrow limits. The csfp and iop were measured at 3 different levels of PaCO2 (approx 40, 60, and 80 mm of Hg). The PaCO2 sequence in each horse was determined from a type of switchback design with the initial PaCO2 (period 1), established 30 minutes after the commencement of steady-state anesthesia, being repeated in the middle (period 3) and again at the end (period 5) of the experiment. Measurements taken from the middle 3 periods (2, 3, and 4) would form a Latin square design replicated twice. The interval between each period was approximately 45 minutes.
Data from periods 2, 3, and 4 indicated that csfp (P < 0.05) and mean systemic arterial pressure increased significantly (P < 0.05) with high PaCO2. Mean central venous pressure, heart rate, and iop did not change significantly during these same conditions. Measurements taken during periods 1, 3, and 5 were compared to assess the time-related responses to anesthesia and showed a significant increase in csfp, a significant decrease in mean central venous pressure, and a small (but not statistically significant) increase in mean systemic arterial pressure.
Histomorphometric comparison of measurements of trabecular bone remodeling in iliac crest biopsy sites and lumbar vertebrae in cats
Authors: Ching Shelley V. , Norrdin Robert W. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
Trabecular bone remodeling values of the right and left iliac crest and lumbar vertebrae in cats were quantitated histomorphometrically and were compared. Healthy cats were given calcein (n = 2) or oxytetracycline (n = 2) twice for double-labeling of bone. Static and dynamic variables of bone resorption and formation were determined. Bone remodeling variables between right and left iliac crest were not significantly different (P < 0.05). Significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) were not detected between values of iliac crest and lumbar vertebrae except in the percentage of osteoid surface. Percentage of osteoid surface was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased in the iliac crest compared with that in the vertebral body. Although not significantly different, values for bone formation were generally greater in the iliac crest than in the vertebral body. In healthy cats, values of trabecular bone remodeling were comparable between right and left iliac crest, and also were comparable between iliac crests and lumbar vertebrae.
Upper-normal prediction limits of lymphocyte counts for cattle not infected with bovine leukemia virus
Authors: Thurmond Mark C. , Carter Randy L. , Picanso John P. , Stralka Kathleen 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
A study was conducted to develop valid estimates of lymphocyte count (lc; cells per microliter) of individual, clinically normal dairy cattle. Estimated weighted regression was used on repeated measures of individual lc to examine 6 models predicting lc as a function of age in cattle not infected with bovine leukemia virus. The generalized growth curve model of analysis of variance was used to estimate intercepts, slopes, and prediction limits for the models and to compare the lc-to-age relationship between Holstein and Guernsey breeds. The bestfitting model (P = 0.0001) with the narrowest prediction interval was lc = 4,414.4 − 84.6X, where X = (age -48) if age ≤ 48 months, and X = 0 if age > 48 months, and 163.6 and 8.1 are the se of the estimates, respectively. Upper one-sided 95%-predicted normal lc tended to be higher than estimates derived from traditional hematologic keys that use confidence limits of mean lc. Difference was not found in the lc-to-age relationship between the Holstein and Guernsey cattle (P = 0.67). Results of this study provided estimates of normal lc that are more specific in diagnosing lymphocytosis in individual cattle.
Effects of milbemycin oxime on adult hookworms in dogs with naturally acquired infections
Authors: Bowman Dwight D. , Johnson Robert C. , Hepler Douglas I. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
Previous work indicated that adult Ancylostoma caninum can be removed from experimentally infected dogs, using a formulation of milbemycin oxime at dosage of 0.5 mg/kg of body weight. To determine the efficacy of this treatment in dogs naturally infected with adult hookworms, 24 mixed-breed dogs with patent hookworm infections were purchased from an out-of-state vendor, and 6 male and 6 female dogs were assigned to either a control group or a group that would be treated. Dogs were treated 10 days after their arrival and were euthanatized 1 week after treatment. Beginning 3 days before treatment, fecal samples were collected daily from all dogs, and the number of Ancylostoma eggs per gram of dry weight of feces was determined from each sample. By 1 week after treatment, the mean number of eggs being passed by the treated dogs had dropped from 12,700 to 10 eggs/g of dried feces; there was no apparent change in fecal egg counts for dogs of the control group. At necropsy, the mean number of adult A caninum in dogs of the treated and control groups was 1.3 and 56, respectively; in these naturally infected dogs, efficacy of treatment was calculated to be 97.8%. The mean number of adult Trichuris vulpis recovered in dogs of the control and treated groups at necropsy was 24 and 0, respectively, which yielded treatment efficacy of 100%. Although Uncinaria stenocephala and Toxocara canis appeared also to be removed by use of this dosage, too few dogs were in the study to calculate meaningful efficacies. The milbemycin oxime formulation appeared to have no effect on the cestodes (Taenia pisiformis and Dipylidium caninum) and spirurids (Physaloptera rara) that were present in some dogs.
Ultrastructural localization of pemphigus vulgaris antigen on canine keratinocytes in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Suter Maja M. , Wilkinson John E. , Dougherty Ed P. , Lewis Robert M. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
Pemphigus antigens were localized, by use of immunoelectron microscopy, on canine keratinocytes in vivo on esophageal mucosa and in vitro on established cultured keratinocytes. Convalescent sera from a human being with pemphigus vulgaris and a human being with pemphigus foliaceus reacted with the interdesmosomal cytoplasmic keratinocyte membrane of canine esophagus. Cultured canine keratinocytes expressed the pemphigus vulgaris antigen in a similar pattern, but did not carry the pemphigus foliaceus antigen. The differential presencé of cell surface antigens and its relation to various forms of the disease are discussed.
Effects of repeated Strongylus vulgaris inoculations and concurrent ivermectin treatments on mesenteric arterial lesions in pony foals
Authors: Klei T. R. , Turk M. A. M. , McClure J. R. , Holmes R. A. , Dennis V. A. , Chapman M. R. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
Eight of 10 pony foals reared under helminth-free conditions were inoculated po with 50 Strongylus vulgaris infective larvae/week for 4 weeks, at which time 1 foal died of acute verminous arteritis. Inoculation of 7 remaining foals continued at 2-week intervals for 20 weeks. Of the 7 foals, 3 were treated with ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg of body weight) in an oral paste formulation at experiment weeks 8, 16, 24; 4 foals were not treated. Two foals were not inoculated or treated and served as controls. After the first ivermectin treatment, ivermectin-treated foals had fewer days (12 ± 2.9) with rectal temperatures > 38.6 C than did nontreated foals (23.3 ± 3.8). Mean baseline rectal temperatures were 38 ± 0.2 C. Adverse clinical reactions to ivermectin treatment were not observed in foals. Foals were euthanatized and necropsied 3 weeks after the last ivermectin treatment (week 24).
Ivermectin was effective in reducing S vulgaris arterial larval and intestinal adult parasite numbers by 100% in 3 treated foals. Strongylus vulgaris arterial larvae and/or adults were recovered from all 4 nontreated inoculated foals. One nontreated inoculated foal lacked arterial larvae or active arterial lesions, indicating that protective resistance had developed in this individual. Marked gross and histopathologic lesions typical of chronic S vulgaris infection were observed in the 3 nontreated inoculated foals with arterial larvae. Repeated killing of intra-arterial S vulgaris fourth-stage larvae in ivermectin-treated foals did not exacerbate lesions associated with verminous arteritis or induce unique lesions associated with repeated destruction of arterial larvae. Arterial lesions in treated inoculated foals were markedly reduced and had resolved, compared with those in nontreated inoculated foals.
An experimental model of chronic renal disease in dogs by infusion of microspheres into the renal arterial circulation
Authors: Dzanis David A. , Krook Lennart , Harvey H. Jay , Kallfelz Francis A. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
The feasibility of renal arterial infusion of nonbiodegradable microspheres as a model of chronic renal disease in dogs was evaluated. Resin-coated, styrene-divinyl benzene copolymer microspheres were infused into the kidneys of healthy adult Beagles by direct injections of both renal arteries in a single surgical procedure. Injections of 25-μm diameter microspheres had minimal effect on either the clinical status or serum values of the dogs. Histologic examination revealed the majority of the microspheres lodged within the capillary beds of the glomeruli, and little change to the kidneys. However, injections of 50-μm diameter microspheres caused significant increases in serum concentrations of urea nitrogen and creatinine. Histologically, the larger microspheres obstructed afferent arterioles and small arteries, which caused diffuse glomerular necrosis and nephron damage.
With doses ranging from 1 to 3 million microspheres/dog, a correlation between the quantity of microspheres injected and severity of renal damage was observed. The optimal dose for producing a model of moderate renal disease was determined to be 1.8 million microspheres/dog (0.9 million microspheres/kidney).
During long-term studies, microsphere-injected dogs fed a moderately restricted protein ration remained relatively azotemic, compared with control dogs on the identical ration. During the 5-month postsurgical period, the serum urea nitrogen concentration averaged 18.41 ± 1.59 mg/dl (mean ± SE) for the microsphere-injected dogs vs 9.31 ± 0.38 for the control dogs (P < 0.001). Similarly, the mean serum creatinine value was significantly higher (P = 0.020) for the microsphere-injected dogs, compared with the controls (1.28 ± 0.12 mg/dl vs 0.94 ± 0.03). In addition, the difference in mean endogenous creatinine clearance rates was statistically significant (microsphere-injected 1.02 ± 0.05 ml/min/kg, vs control 1.53 ± 0.06, P < 0.001).
Diagnostic complementary DNA probes for genome segments 2 and 3 of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1
Authors: Wilson W. C. , Fukusho A. , Roy P. 
Published: January 2024

Summary
Potential diagnostic complementary DNA (cDNA) clones of gene segments 2 and 3 from epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1 (EHDV-1) have been produced. Individual segments of EHDV-1 were isolated, denatured with methylmercury hydroxide, and polyadenylated. The polyadenylated rna was reverse-transcribed and self-hybridized into duplex structures, and the incomplete ends were repaired. The resulting product was then cloned into the plasmid vector pBR322, using the complementary tailing method. Two clones, 1 from segment 2 (E1-2-10) and 1 from segment 3 (E1-3-16) were isolated, colony-purified, and characterized by cDNA/RNA blot hybridization and endonuclease restriction analysis. The cDNA clones of rna segment 3 of EHDV-1 cross hybridized with the corresponding segment of ehdv serotype 2 by results of cDNA/RNA blot hybridization, but not with rna of bluetongue virus serotypes isolated in the United States. After cDNA/RNA dot-blot hybridization analysis of 17 EHDV field strains, the segment-2 clone was found to be serotype-specific, whereas the segment-3 clone was serogroup-specific.
Distribution of material injected intramuscularly in dogs
Authors: Autefage A. , Fayolle P. , Toutain P-L. 
Published: January 2024

Summary
A radiopaque marker was injected, using needles of various lengths, into the cervical musculature, the lumbar epaxial musculature, and the cranial and caudal muscular masses of the thighs of anesthetized dogs. After this procedure, the dogs were euthanatized and deep-frozen. The bodies were then sectioned, and the slices were radio-graphed to determine the fate of the injected material.
Material that was injected into the neck or caudal region of the thigh was determined to be located in the muscle bellies or dispensed throughout the intermuscular fascial sheaths. In contrast, material injected into the lumbar area and cranial region of the thigh was located entirely in the muscle bellies. It was concluded that the best sites for injection in dogs are the lumbar epaxial musculature or the quadriceps femoris muscle when im administration is imperative.
Muscle responses of Thoroughbreds to conventional race training and detraining
Authors: Foreman Jonathan H. , Bayly Warwick M. , Allen Jennifer R. , Matoba Hideki , Grant Barrie D. , Gollnick Philip D. 
Published: January 2024

Summary
Ten healthy sedentary Thoroughbreds with previous race training experience were trained conventionally for 9 weeks. Muscle biopsy samples were obtained before and after training and after 6 weeks of detraining pasture rest. Biopsy samples were obtained from the right deltoid, triceps, vastus lateralis, middle gluteal, biceps femoris, and semitendinosus muscles.
The deep-frozen biopsy samples were analyzed for activities of succinate dehydrogenase (sdh), 3-hydroxy-acylcoenzyme A dehydrogenase (had), and phosphorylase (phos) and for glycogen concentration. The triceps and gluteal muscle samples were also serially sectioned and stained for myofibrillar actomyosin adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity after alkaline (pH 10.3) and sequential acidic (pH 4.34) ATPase inactivation. Fiber types I (alkaline preincubation), IIA1, IIA2, and IIA3 (sequential acidic preincubation over 5 minutes) were identified and were evaluated for fiber-type distribution and fiber areas.
Increases in response to training were observed in deltoid and vastus muscle sdh and gluteal muscle had activities, and deltoid muscle glycogen concentration (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01). Changes in phos activity were not observed. Type-IIA1, -IIA2, and -IIA3 fiber areas in triceps muscle were increased in response to training (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01). Changes in fiber-type distribution did not occur in response to training.
Changes in muscle enzyme activities, glycogen concentration, fiber types, and fiber areas were not seen from posttraining to detraining. Further increases were observed when detraining values were compared with pretraining values in deltoid, triceps, vastus, gluteal, and biceps femoris muscle sdh activities and in gluteal muscle glycogen concentration (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).
It was concluded that the predominant failure to detect training-induced muscle enzyme changes, along with documentation of increases in fast-twitch muscle fiber areas, indicate that conventional Thoroughbred training is principally of a sprinting nature. A greater emphasis on longer, slow endurance work early in training might add greatly to Thoroughbred horses’ abilities to withstand the rigors of sprint training.