bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANÁLISE DE DADOS REFERENTES À OCORRÊNCIA DE CIANOBACTÉRIAS NOS MANANCIAIS SUPERFICIAIS DE ABASTECIMENTO DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO (2015-2020)
Authors: Andrade Rosane Cristina de , Moraes da Conceição Carla , Salles Vernin Nathalia , Torres Netto Alena 
Published: January 2025

O Brasil possui um grande volume de mananciais superficiais ao longo de sua extensão. Para além da quantidade de corpos hídricos, tem como característica marcante altas temperaturas ao longo do ano. Somado a esses fatores, existe uma ineficiência no saneamento básico, sobretudo em relação à coleta de esgotos, favorecendo o despejo desses nos mananciais, aumentando a oferta de nutrientes e consequentemente a proliferação em grande escala de cianobactérias. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a ocorrência de cianobactérias nos mananciais superficiais de abastecimento público do estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período correspondente de 2015 a 2019. A fim de verificar os dados fornecidos pelos prestadores de serviços dos municípios sobre o monitoramento dos corpos hídricos, foram utilizados como base os padrões e valores máximos permitidos pela Portaria de Consolidação PRC nº 05, Anexo XX, de 28 de setembro de 2017, do Ministério da Saúde. Verificou-se que menos da metade dos municípios realizaram o monitoramento e a maioria desses não realizaram o monitoramento conforme exigido pela Portaria. A espécie que apresentou maior ocorrência nos mananciais de abastecimento do estado do Rio de Janeiro foi a Aphanocapsa sp. Dessa forma, pode-se concluir que há uma necessidade das Estações de Tratamento de Água reformularem e/ou ampliarem os processos de tratamento atuais, visando remover as cianobactérias das águas de abastecimento público e em relação aos municípios uma intensificação do monitoramento e divulgação dos dados monitorados.
Design of an athermal zoom optical system for space station applications
Authors: Kong Xiangdong , Mei Chao , Qu Rui , Guo Xinyu 
Published: January 2025

An athermal zoom system is designed to meet the light weight requirements of space station health observation applications. In this study, we employ a loss function to steer the material parameters within the front fixed group and to mitigate the focal power contributed by individual lenses. This approach facilitates the optimization of thermal aberrations and manufacturing tolerances. The system maintains a stable image surface in the temperature range of −40∘C−+60∘C, and the first lens is made of fused silica, which is resistant to space radiation. The focal length of the zoom system is 12–120 mm, the F number is 3.0–5.0, the working band is 486–656 nm, the total length is 100 mm, the maximum distortion is less than or equal to 2%, and the field of view is 35.6°–3.55°. It is suitable for 1/2.35-in. CMOS. It is small in size and light in weight, good in tolerance, and high in stability, which is more in line with the needs of satellite loads.
Ultra-wideband matrix DFB laser array based on enhanced self-heating effect
Authors: Fan Yaqiang , Sun Zhenxing , Zhang Yue , Lv Yuan , Xia Haolin , Zhang Jingxuan , Xu Zhenzhen , Wang Wenxuan , Xiao Rulei , Chen Xiangfei 
Published: January 2025

In this paper, an ultra-wideband distributed feedback (DFB) laser array with matrix grating based on the enhanced self-heating effect is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. 12 lasers are monolithically integrated with a 4 × 3 matrix style with a wavelength spacing of 5 nm. The reconstruction-equivalent-chirp technique is used to simplify the grating fabrication and enhance the precise control of the wavelength spacing. A cascaded Y-branch sharing identical active layers with the lasers is used to realize one waveguide output, which only requires a small current to compensate for the material absorption. This can reduce fabrication complexity compared to using the butt-coupling technique. A semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is integrated in front of the laser array to amplify and adjust the optical power. By optimizing the doping concentration of the p-waveguide region, the self-heating effect of the DFB laser has been enhanced, thereby increasing the wavelength current tuning range of a laser unit. As a result, the wavelength of the laser array is precisely controlled, with the wavelength deviation of all 12 lasers maintained within ±0.2 nm. The wavelength current tuning range of a DFB laser unit reaches 5.8 nm. Consequently, without adjusting the thermoelectric cooler (TEC), the laser array can achieve a continuous wavelength current tuning range of up to 60 nm. After SOA amplification, the output power of the laser array is above 55 mW, and the relative intensity noise (RIN) is lower than -130 dB/Hz. Additionally, its side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) is greater than 45 dB, indicating excellent single-longitudinal-mode properties. The proposed tunable laser is considered highly advantageous for dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) systems and optical sensing systems.
Does opting in or out affect the take up of incentives in a long running population-based cohort study: A nested randomised trial in ALSPAC
Authors: Northstone Kate , Bowring Claire 
Published: January 2025

Background
Financial incentives may be important for improving response rates to data collection activities and for retaining participants in longitudinal studies. However, for large studies, this introduces significant additional costs. We sought to determine whether an opt-in or an opt-out option for receiving financial incentives when completing questionnaires offers any cost saving measures.

Methods
The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children has been ongoing for more than 30 years. It has offered a £10 incentive for returning a partly or fully completed annual questionnaire for >10 years, this is provided by default unless a participant chooses to opt out. For questionnaires completed in 2020 by the original parents recruited to the study and by their offspring, we randomised eligible participants to either opt-out or to opt-in to receiving their vouchers. Logistic regressions determined whether opt-out or opt-in made any difference to the proportion of respondents receiving their vouchers.

Results
Respondents are less likely to choose to receive a thank you for their time in the form of a £10 shopping voucher if they are asked to opt in compared to if they are asked to opt out. The odds ratio, adjusted for baseline characteristics was 3.94 (95% Confidence Interval: 3.49, 4.45). There was no difference in response rates according to whether respondents were randomised to the opt-in or opt-out group.

Conclusions
ALSPAC now employs an opt-in procedure for respondents receiving their financial incentive when completing a questionnaire. We recommend similar studies that rely on volunteers consider this option if they want to introduce some cost savings without harming overall response rates.
Obstacles to emergency medical consultation in cases of conflict-related sexual violence
Authors: Mukwege Denis , M. Mugisho Gilbert , Maroyi Raha 
Published: January 2025

Background
Despite the availability of a well-developed holistic care model for victims of conflict-related sexual violence, little is known about the factors that determine late presentation for care post-sexual violence care. Drawing from data from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, this study aimed to determine obstacles to accessing emergency medical care within 72-hours of sexual violence (SV).

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed data from 4048 victims of SV treated at Panzi Hospital (PH) in Bukavu city between 2015 and 2018. The factors of access to care within 72h were analyzed using logistic regression.

Results
88% of the victims consulted after 72h post sexual violence. Several sociodemographic factors were found to limit access to the medical care post-sexual violence including the victim’s age (p = 0,022), place of residence (p = 0,000) and education level (p = 0,039). Clinical discomfort from pain during urination (p = 0,002) and fear of pregnancy (p = 0,000) were also associated with late assessment of care.

Conclusion
Seeking medical care within 72 hours after sexual violence within the critical 72-hours timeframe is crucial to avoid several medical complications stemming from SV. Improvement will be achieved by integrating the post-exposure prophylaxis protocol into primary health care, as well as by increasing community awareness of the relevance of timely consultation after sexual abuse.
3D ophthalmic ultrasonography at the slit lamp using existing ultrasound systems
Authors: Thomas Jack O. , To Josiah K. , Riazi Esfahani Parsa , Kruggel Frithjof , Tang William C. , Browne Andrew W. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This study aims to explore the feasibility and performance of three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) imaging in ophthalmology using commercially available ultrasound probes adapted to a slit lamp.

Significance
Despite ultrasound’s long-standing application in eye care for visualizing ocular components, the evolution of 3DUS technology has remained inactive, with limited development and commercial availability. This study introduces a novel method that could potentially enhance ophthalmic diagnostics and treatment planning by providing comprehensive 3D views of ocular structures using existing ultrasound probes adapted to the conventional slit lamp.

Methods
A custom system was designed for mounting a linear actuator to a slit lamp and enabling the horizontal actuation of any ultrasound probe. Ophthalmic and non-ophthalmic ultrasound probes were tested for their ability to reconstruct 3DUS images of the posterior pole. The study involved designing and evaluating three US phantoms ex vivo and performing in vivo imaging on human subjects to assess the system’s applicability.

Results
The system successfully acquired 3D volume scans of phantoms and live human eyes, demonstrating the system’s potential for detailed ocular imaging. The adaptability of the device allowed for compatibility with various ultrasound probes. In vivo imaging revealed the system’s capability to produce high-resolution 3D reconstructions of ocular structures, including eyes with pathological conditions.

Conclusions
The introduction of a slit lamp-mounted 3DUS system represents a significant advancement in ophthalmic ultrasonography, offering a practical and accessible solution for comprehensive 3D ocular assessments. The device’s modularity and compatibility with existing ultrasound probes make it a versatile tool for a wide range of ophthalmic applications. Further research and clinical trials are needed to optimize the system’s performance and validate its clinical utility.
Association of preoperative body mass index with postoperative complications and survival for patients with gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Zhenzhen , Cui Lili , Sun Jing , Liu Wanlu 
Published: January 2025

Objective
The relationship among body mass index (BMI), postoperative complications, and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing gastrectomy for gastric cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate this association using a meta-analysis.

Method
We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases up to February 25, 2024. Patients were classified into underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5–25.0 kg/m2), and overweight (≥25.0 kg/m2) groups based on BMI categories. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. Additionally, exploratory sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed.

Results
Twenty-two studies involving 41,144 patients with gastric cancer were included for quantitative analysis. Preoperative underweight (odds ratio [OR]: 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.55; P = 0.024) and overweight (OR: 1.19; 95%CI: 1.09–1.30; P <0.001) were associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications. Furthermore, preoperative underweight was associated with poorer overall survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.40; 95%CI: 1.28–1.53; P <0.001), whereas preoperative overweight was associated with better over-survival (HR: 0.82; 95%CI: 0.73–0.91; P <0.001). Furthermore, preoperative underweight was not associated with disease-free survival (HR: 1.48; 95%CI: 0.97–2.26; P = 0.069), whereas preoperative overweight was associated with longer disease-free survival (HR: 0.80; 95%CI: 0.70–0.91; P = 0.001). In terms of specific postoperative complications, preoperative underweight was associated with an increased risk of septic shock (OR: 3.40; 95%CI: 1.26–9.17; P = 0.015) and a reduced risk of fever (OR: 0.39; 95%CI: 0.18–0.83; P = 0.014). Preoperative overweight was associated with an increased risk of wound infections (OR: 1.78; 95%CI: 1.08–2.93; P = 0.023), intestinal fistula (OR: 5.23; 95%CI: 1.93–14.21; P = 0.001), arrhythmia (OR: 6.38; 95%CI: 1.70–24.01; P = 0.006), and pancreatic fistula (OR: 3.37; 95%CI: 1.14–9.96; P = 0.028).

Conclusion
This study revealed that both preoperative underweight and overweight status were associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications. Moreover, the postoperative survival outcomes were significantly better in overweight compared to that of underweight patients.

Trial registration
Registration: INPLASY202480004.
Characterization of the amorphous metallic alloy Al85Ni10Sm5
Authors: Lemos da Silva Marcelo , Campos Lucas Correa , Aliaga Luis César Rodríguez , Bastos Ivan Napoleão 
Published: January 2025

Aluminum alloys are highly significant materials in the industry due to their excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. These alloys are widely used in various applications in the automotive and aerospace industries. The addition of alloying elements such as nickel, copper, and magnesium allows for different combinations of properties, which makes the alloys more versatile. Among aluminum alloys, the amorphous alloys studied in this work have received increasing attention due to their unique properties. Additionally, there is a limited amount of research on these materials, unlike the numerous studies already conducted on conventional crystalline structure alloys. In this work, the metallic alloy with the atomic composition Al85Ni10Sm5 and an amorphous structure, produced by melt-spinning, was structurally, thermally, and electrochemically characterized. The structural and thermal characterization was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques to confirm its amorphous nature. The electrochemical characterization was carried out through open circuit and potentiodynamic polarization tests in an aqueous medium with 3.5% mass NaCl at room temperature. The results indicate that the fully amorphous alloy is of the glassy type, with Tg = 522 K, and exhibits low thermal stability (∆Tx = 16 K). The electrochemical tests show a corrosion potential of approximately -520 mV relative to the saturated calomel reference electrode, suggesting that the amorphous alloy is more corrosion-resistant than pure aluminum in its crystalline state.
The effect of stator-rotor slot combinations on vibrations induced by tangential electromagnetic forces in HVLSPMSM
Authors: Qiu Hongbo , Huang Xi , Chen Si 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Line-starting permanent magnet synchronous motor (LSPMSM) has the advantage of induction motor and permanent magnet motor. The double-slotted stator-rotor structure can lead to the complexity of the LSPMSM air-gap magnetic field. This further leads to the variation of tangential electromagnetic force (TEMF) and cogging torque of the LSPMSM, which affects the vibration characteristics of the motor. In this paper, the effect of stator-rotor slot combinations on the TEMF of High-voltage line-starting permanent magnet synchronous motor (HVLSPMSM) is analyzed by using a 10 kV, 630 kW HVLSPMSM as an example. Firstly, a mathematical model of the air-gap magnetic field considering double slots is established by using the conformal transformation, and the harmonic distribution characteristics of the radial and tangential air-gap magnetic flux density under different stator-rotor slot combinations are obtained. Then, the expression of the TEMF density is constructed based on the Maxwell tensor method, and the conversion relationship between the TEMF density and the local tangential force is analyzed. Further, the influence of cogging torque amplitude and frequency on different stator-rotor slot combinations is derived by analyzing the TEMF density. Finally, the electromagnetic-mechanical coupling model of the HVLSPMSM is established, and the influence of TEMF on the vibration spectrum of the motor under different stator-rotor slot combinations is resolved by numerical calculations. This paper provides a reliable theoretical guide to improve the performance of HVLSPMS.
Ainu language use and display in the National Ainu Museum
Authors: Santalahti Saana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Based on a critical analysis of the museum’s linguistic landscape and a discourse analysis of the museum texts, this paper explores how the Indigenous Ainu language is both used and displayed in the National Ainu Museum and discusses how these observations relate to the museum’s overt language policy and potential role as a site for Ainu language revitalisation. Though Ainu has been announced as the official first language of the museum, this study suggests that there is incongruity between overt policy and practice. While Ainu is clearly the symbolic first language, in practice Japanese and English are the museum’s two main languages, echoing the different functions and values associated with these languages. Although the museum is participating in concrete language maintenance initiatives, the exhibition texts discuss language revitalisation as a purely linguistic campaign, detaching it from broader contemporary society and Indigenous rights issues. These findings show how language use and display in museums are connected to the surrounding ideologies and policies, but do not necessarily need to be confined by them.
Free Will: Evidence for the Existence of Soul
Authors: Mousavirad Seyyed Jaaber 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Free will is an intuitive reality that all humans apprehend in their actions. Moral responsibility also stems from this freedom of will. This article first explains that the strong human intuition about free will cannot be dismissed as an illusion. It then examines the notion that a physical being cannot possess free will because it implies the ability to both perform and abstain from an action. In the physical world, all human actions are determined by preceding causes, leaving no room to avoid an action volitionally. Building on this, the article concludes that free will becomes plausible only when rooted in the existence of the soul. Consequently, free will serves as independent evidence for the existence of an immaterial soul.
Crystal structure of (E)-3-(4-butoxyphenyl)acryloylferrocene, C23H24FeO2
Authors: Du Mo , Xu Xiaona , Wang Qiaru , Tang Wenqiang , Liu Bin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
C23H24FeO2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 13.8934(19) Å, b = 5.8012(7) Å, c = 23.011(4) Å, β = 97.160(5)°, V = 1840.2(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0915, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.2115, T = 170 K.
Energy consumption in refiner mechanical pulping
Authors: Kerekes Richard , Sandberg Christer 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The efficiency of mechanical pulping has long been of interest due to the large energy consumed by the process. Previous estimates of theoretical efficiency have accounted for less than 20 % of the energy employed. In this study, we make new estimates based on fracture mechanics and abrasion as the mechanisms of new surface creation. We postulate that fracture mechanics comminutes wood into fibres and creates pores in fibre walls. This consumes around 100 kWh/t. Abrasion peels surface material from fibres in the form of morphologically different fines particles. Based on abrasion theory, we estimate this specific energy to be around 1,330 kWh/t. Together, fracture mechanics and abrasion, account for about 70 % of the specific energy (2,000 kWh/t) to produce TMP for printing paper grades. We postulate that the remaining energy is consumed as hysteresis losses from viscoelastic strains not linked to creation of new surface. The largest single source of energy consumption, abrasion, alone accounts for about 66 % of the energy of the process. Finally, we discuss how energy may be reduced by refining intensity and other means.
Constrained Choices: How Bosnian Communists Lost Their Party Before Losing the Elections
Authors: Muharemović Ensar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article demonstrates that, during the year 1990, the process of democratization in Bosnia-Herzegovina was intentionally decelerated and stifled by the ruling Communist Party due to the ideological conservatism of its leadership. This process directly contributed to the party’s ultimate loss of power. Archival documentation, extensive newspaper coverage from this period, and testimonies of key participants are used to recreate the contextual circumstances under which the crucial events unfolded. The critical importance of strategic decisions made by the ruling political elites under extreme time pressure proved to be a key factor in determining their ability to retain power. The case of Bosnia-Herzegovina in 1990 demonstrates that slow, indecisive, and gradual policymaking during the transformational period from communism to democracy could have disastrous consequences for the electoral chances of the incumbent communist parties.