bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are all HCL systems the same? long term outcomes of three HCL systems in children with type 1 diabetes: real-life registry-based study
Authors: Santova Alzbeta , Plachy Lukas , Neuman Vit , Pavlikova Marketa , Petruzelkova Lenka , Konecna Petra , Venhacova Petra , Skvor Jaroslav , Pomahacova Renata , Neumann David , Vosahlo Jan , Strnadel Jiri , Kocourkova Kamila , Obermannova Barbora , Pruhova Stepanka , Cinek Ondrej , Sumnik Zdenek 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveTo compare parameters of glycemic control among three types of hybrid closed loop (HCL) systems in children with T1D (CwD) using population-wide data from the national pediatric diabetes registry ČENDA.MethodsCwD aged &lt;19 years treated with Medtronic MiniMed 780G (780G), Tandem t:slim X2 (Control-IQ) or do-it-yourself AndroidAPS (AAPS) systems for &gt;12 months and monitored by CGM &gt;70% of the time were included. HbA1c, times in glycemic ranges, and Glycemia Risk Index (GRI) were used for cross-sectional comparison between the HCL systems.ResultsData from 512 CwD were analyzed. 780G, Control-IQ and AAPS were used by 217 (42.4%), 211 (41.2%), and 84 (16.4%) CwD, respectively. The lowest HbA1c value was observed in the AAPS group (44 mmol/mol; IQR 8.0, p&lt;0.0001 vs any other group), followed by Control-IQ and 780G groups (48 (IQR 11) and 52 (IQR 10) mmol/mol, respectively). All of the systems met the recommended criteria for time in range (78% in AAPS, 76% in 780G, and 75% in Control-IQ users). CwD using AAPS spent significantly more time in hypoglycemia (5% vs 2% in 780G and 3% in Control-IQ) and scored the highest GRI (32, IQR 17). The lowest GRI (27, IQR 15) was seen in 780G users.ConclusionAlthough all HCL systems proved effective in maintaining recommended long-term glycemic control, we observed differences that illustrate strengths and weaknesses of particular systems. Our findings could help in individualizing the choice of HCL systems.
Experimental study on helical tubes heat transfer characteristics considering corrosion products
Authors: Yulong Mao , Shuqi Meng , Xianghui Lu , Desheng Jin , Xiaoting Wang , Kejia Li , Yisong Hu , Yousen Hu , Min Rui 
Published: October 2023

During the power operation of nuclear reactors, the corrosion products in the secondary circuit will deposit on the inside of Helical-coiled One-Through Steam Generator (H-OTSG) heat transfer tubes and form fouling. The main component of fouling is iron-based oxide, which generates from the heat exchangers made of cast iron. Fouling may change the local heat transfer characteristics of heat transfer tubes, and then affect the safety and economy of reactors. In order to obtain the distribution of fouling thickness and its action mechanism on helical tubes heat transfer characteristics, the heat transfer experiment under small pressurized reactors service environment was conducted. The experimental results indicate: corrosion products mainly deposit on onset of saturated boiling point with the maximum fouling thickness of 50 μm, and induce local wall temperature elevating about 773 K; fouling will increase the thermal equilibrium void fraction and hinder the heat transfer of helical tube, but has little impact on the onset position of saturated boiling point; corrosion products will release and re-deposit near dry-out point because of the flush of high speed vapor, causing the periodic fluctuation of thermal resistance of helical tube.
Trypanosoma cruzi P21 recombinant protein modulates Toxoplasma gondii infection in different experimental models of the human maternal–fetal interface
Authors: de Souza Guilherme , Teixeira Samuel Cota , Fajardo Martínez Aryani Felixa , Silva Rafaela José , Luz Luana Carvalho , Lima Júnior Joed Pires de , Rosini Alessandra Monteiro , dos Santos Natália Carine Lima , de Oliveira Rafael Martins , Paschoalino Marina , Barbosa Matheus Carvalho , Alves Rosiane Nascimento , Gomes Angelica Oliveira , da Silva Claudio Vieira , Ferro Eloisa Amália Vieira , Barbosa Bellisa Freitas 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionToxoplasma gondii is the etiologic agent of toxoplasmosis, a disease that affects about one-third of the human population. Most infected individuals are asymptomatic, but severe cases can occur such as in congenital transmission, which can be aggravated in individuals infected with other pathogens, such as HIV-positive pregnant women. However, it is unknown whether infection by other pathogens, such as Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, as well as one of its proteins, P21, could aggravate T. gondii infection.MethodsIn this sense, we aimed to investigate the impact of T. cruzi and recombinant P21 (rP21) on T. gondii infection in BeWo cells and human placental explants.ResultsOur results showed that T. cruzi infection, as well as rP21, increases invasion and decreases intracellular proliferation of T. gondii in BeWo cells. The increase in invasion promoted by rP21 is dependent on its binding to CXCR4 and the actin cytoskeleton polymerization, while the decrease in proliferation is due to an arrest in the S/M phase in the parasite cell cycle, as well as interleukin (IL)-6 upregulation and IL-8 downmodulation. On the other hand, in human placental villi, rP21 can either increase or decrease T. gondii proliferation, whereas T. cruzi infection increases T. gondii proliferation. This increase can be explained by the induction of an anti-inflammatory environment through an increase in IL-4 and a decrease in IL-6, IL-8, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production.DiscussionIn conclusion, in situations of coinfection, the presence of T. cruzi may favor the congenital transmission of T. gondii, highlighting the importance of neonatal screening for both diseases, as well as the importance of studies with P21 as a future therapeutic target for the treatment of Chagas disease, since it can also favor T. gondii infection.
Proper development of long-lived memory CD4 T cells requires HLA-DO function
Authors: Song Nianbin , Welsh Robin A. , Sadegh-Nasseri Scheherazade 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionHLA-DO (DO) is an accessory protein that binds DM for trafficking to MIIC and has peptide editing functions. DO is mainly expressed in thymic medulla and B cells. Using biochemical experiments, our lab has discovered that DO has differential effects on editing peptides of different sequences: DO increases binding of DM-resistant peptides and reduces the binding of DM-sensitive peptides to the HLA-DR1 molecules. In a separate line of work, we have established that appropriate densities of antigen presentation by B cells during the contraction phase of an infection, induces quiescence in antigen experienced CD4 T cells, as they differentiate into memory T cells. This quiescence phenotype helps memory CD4 T cell survival and promotes effective memory responses to secondary Ag challenge.MethodsBased on our mechanistic understanding of DO function, it would be expected that if the immunodominant epitope of antigen is DM-resistant, presentation of decreased densities of pMHCII by B cells would lead to faulty development of memory CD4 T cells in the absence of DO. We explored the effects of DO on development of memory CD4 T cells and B cells utilizing two model antigens, H5N1-Flu Ag bearing DM-resistant, and OVA protein, which has a DM-sensitive immunodominant epitope and four mouse strains including two DO-deficient Tg mice. Using Tetramers and multiple antibodies against markers of memory CD4 T cells and B cells, we tracked memory development.ResultsWe found that immunized DR1+DO-KO mice had fewer CD4 memory T cells and memory B cells as compared to the DR1+DO-WT counterpart and had compromised recall responses. Conversely, OVA specific memory responses elicited in HA immunized DR1+DO-KO mice were normal.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that in the absence of DO, the presentation of cognate foreign antigens in the DO-KO mice is altered and can impact the proper development of memory cells. These findings provide new insights on vaccination design leading to better immune memory responses.
Understanding knowledge, perception, and willingness of non-invasive prenatal testing for fetal aneuploidy: a survey among Chinese high-risk pregnant women
Authors: Zhao Yi , Xue Zhu , Geng Yarui , Zhu Jie , Hu Maidan , Jiang Minmin 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesNon-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is utilized for screening the likelihood of fetal aneuploidy, presenting the benefits of non-invasiveness, high sensitivity, and specificity. Its application in prenatal screening has become ubiquitous. The inquiry into how pregnant women comprehend and determine NIPT screening strategies is paramount. Regrettably, there has been a dearth of research on this subject in China. Consequently, this study scrutinizes pregnant women’s cognizance and perspectives concerning NIPT, furnishing a foundation for advancing its judicious implementation.MethodsFrom February 2021 to December 2022, a questionnaire survey was conducted among pregnant women receiving prenatal care and screening at the Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, who were randomly selected from a pool of individuals exhibiting a high risk of fetal aneuploidy on serological screening. The survey aimed to gather data on participant characteristics, knowledge, perception, and willingness concerning NIPT. The study employed chi-square and Kruskal Wallis tests to analyze subgroup differences.ResultsA total of 226 valid questionnaires were obtained. 83.2% of women pregnant women identified as high risk by serological screening would opt for NIPT, with 66.4% indicating that they would prefer NIPT for fetal aneuploidy screening in future pregnancies. These findings suggest a notable willingness among pregnant women to undergo NIPT. Additionally, the results suggest that various factors, including place of residence, educational level, family income, causes of abortion, and conception method, influence pregnant women’s knowledge about NIPT Accordingly, the level of NIPT knowledge varies among pregnant women.ConclusionThe survey generally revealed that pregnant women were strongly inclined to select NIPT; however, expectant Chinese mothers possess limited knowledge and perception regarding this screening method for fetal aneuploidy. Therefore, the government must implement effective measures to augment public awareness of fetal aneuploidy screening and encourage the judicious utilization of NIPT.
Peripapillary choroidal vascularity index and thickness in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Pieklarz Barbara , Gińdzieńska-Sieśkiewicz Ewa , Zawadzka Izabela , Bagrowska Magdalena , Daniluk Joanna , Sidorczuk Patryk , Kowal-Bielecka Otylia , Konopińska Joanna , Dmuchowska Diana Anna 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionPatients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) present an increased risk of developing glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON). We investigated peripapillary choroidal parameters and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to determine the relationships of these factors with clinical variables.MethodsA total of 33 patients with SSc were enrolled and compared to 40 controls. After obtaining circular scans around the optic disc, the global and quadrant peripapillary choroidal thickness (pCT) and RNFL thickness were measured. Additionally, the peripapillary choroidal vascularity index (pCVI), which allows for a quantitative analysis of the choroidal vasculature, was determined.ResultsNo significant differences were found in pCT and RNFL thickness between patients with SSc and controls, or within SSc subtypes (diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc) compared to limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lcSSc)) (p &gt; 0.05). The pCVI was significantly lower in patients with SSc than in control subjects (64.25 ± 1.94 vs.65.73 ± 2.12, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionOur results suggest that the statistically significant decrease in pCVI in patients with SSc compared to the control group is probably due to a decrease in the vascular layer, which would partially explain an increased risk of GON in patients with SSc.
Ecological validity of a deep learning algorithm to detect gait events from real-life walking bouts in mobility-limiting diseases
Authors: Romijnders Robbin , Salis Francesca , Hansen Clint , Küderle Arne , Paraschiv-Ionescu Anisoara , Cereatti Andrea , Alcock Lisa , Aminian Kamiar , Becker Clemens , Bertuletti Stefano , Bonci Tecla , Brown Philip , Buckley Ellen , Cantu Alma , Carsin Anne-Elie , Caruso Marco , Caulfield Brian , Chiari Lorenzo , D'Ascanio Ilaria , Del Din Silvia , Eskofier Björn , Fernstad Sara Johansson , Fröhlich Marceli Stanislaw , Garcia Aymerich Judith , Gazit Eran , Hausdorff Jeffrey M. , Hiden Hugo , Hume Emily , Keogh Alison , Kirk Cameron , Kluge Felix , Koch Sarah , Mazzà Claudia , Megaritis Dimitrios , Micó-Amigo Encarna , Müller Arne , Palmerini Luca , Rochester Lynn , Schwickert Lars , Scott Kirsty , Sharrack Basil , Singleton David , Soltani Abolfazl , Ullrich Martin , Vereijken Beatrix , Vogiatzis Ioannis , Yarnall Alison , Schmidt Gerhard , Maetzler Walter 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThe clinical assessment of mobility, and walking specifically, is still mainly based on functional tests that lack ecological validity. Thanks to inertial measurement units (IMUs), gait analysis is shifting to unsupervised monitoring in naturalistic and unconstrained settings. However, the extraction of clinically relevant gait parameters from IMU data often depends on heuristics-based algorithms that rely on empirically determined thresholds. These were mainly validated on small cohorts in supervised settings.MethodsHere, a deep learning (DL) algorithm was developed and validated for gait event detection in a heterogeneous population of different mobility-limiting disease cohorts and a cohort of healthy adults. Participants wore pressure insoles and IMUs on both feet for 2.5 h in their habitual environment. The raw accelerometer and gyroscope data from both feet were used as input to a deep convolutional neural network, while reference timings for gait events were based on the combined IMU and pressure insoles data.Results and discussionThe results showed a high-detection performance for initial contacts (ICs) (recall: 98%, precision: 96%) and final contacts (FCs) (recall: 99%, precision: 94%) and a maximum median time error of −0.02 s for ICs and 0.03 s for FCs. Subsequently derived temporal gait parameters were in good agreement with a pressure insoles-based reference with a maximum mean difference of 0.07, −0.07, and &lt;0.01 s for stance, swing, and stride time, respectively. Thus, the DL algorithm is considered successful in detecting gait events in ecologically valid environments across different mobility-limiting diseases.
Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 reverses gut metabolic dysfunction induced by Western diet in adult rats
Authors: Abuqwider Jumana , Di Porzio Angela , Barrella Valentina , Gatto Cristina , Sequino Giuseppina , De Filippis Francesca , Crescenzo Raffaella , Spagnuolo Maria Stefania , Cigliano Luisa , Mauriello Gianluigi , Iossa Susanna , Mazzoli Arianna 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionMicroencapsulation of probiotic bacteria is an efficient and innovative new technique aimed at preserving bacterial survival in the hostile conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. However, understanding whether a microcapsule preserves the effectiveness of the bacterium contained within it is of fundamental importance.MethodsMale Wistar rats aged 90 days were fed a control diet or a Western diet for 8 weeks, with rats fed the Western diet divided into three groups: one receiving the diet only (W), the second group receiving the Western diet and free L. reuteri DSM 17938 (WR), and the third group receiving the Western diet and microencapsulated L. reuteri DSM 17938 (WRM). After 8 weeks of treatment, gut microbiota composition was evaluated, together with occludin, one of the tight junction proteins, in the ileum and the colon. Markers of inflammation were also quantified in the portal plasma, ileum, and colon, as well as markers for gut redox homeostasis.ResultsThe Western diet negatively influenced the intestinal microbiota, with no significant effect caused by supplementation with free and microencapsulated L. reuteri. However, L. reuteri, in both forms, effectively preserved the integrity of the intestinal barrier, thus protecting enterocytes from the development of inflammation and oxidative stress.ConclusionFrom these whole data, it emerges that L. reuteri DSM 17938 can be an effective probiotic in preventing the unhealthy consequences of the Western diet, especially in the gut, and that microencapsulation preserves the probiotic effects, thus opening the formulation of new preparations to be able to improve gut function independent of dietary habits.
Combined deep-learning MRI-based radiomic models for preoperative risk classification of endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yang Jin , Cao Yuying , Zhou Fangzhu , Li Chengyao , Lv Jiabei , Li Pu 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundDifferences exist between high- and low-risk endometrial cancer (EC) in terms of whether lymph node dissection is performed. Factors such as tumor grade, myometrial invasion (MDI), and lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) in the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), European SocieTy for Radiotherapy &amp; Oncology (ESTRO) and European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO) guidelines risk classification can often only be accurately assessed postoperatively. The aim of our study was to estimate the risk classification of patients with endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma before surgery and offer individualized treatment plans based on their risk classification.MethodsClinical information and last preoperative pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients with postoperative pathologically determined endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma were collected retrospectively. The region of interest (ROI) was subsequently plotted in T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) MRI scans, and the traditional radiomics features and deep-learning image features were extracted. A final radiomics nomogram model integrating traditional radiomics features, deep learning image features, and clinical information was constructed to distinguish between low- and high-risk patients (based on the 2020 ESMO-ESGO-ESTRO guidelines). The efficacy of the model was evaluated in the training and validation sets of the model.ResultsWe finally included 168 patients from January 1, 2020 to July 29, 2021, of which 95 patients in 2021 were classified as the training set and 73 patients in 2020 were classified as the validation set. In the training set, the area under the curve (AUC) of the radiomics nomogram was 0.923 (95%CI: 0.865–0.980) and in the validation set, the AUC of the radiomics nomogram was 0.842 (95%CI: 0.762–0.923). The nomogram had better predictions than both the traditional radiomics model and the deep-learning radiomics model.ConclusionMRI-based radiomics models can be useful for preoperative risk classification of patients with endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma.
Intrauterine growth restriction in piglets modulates postnatal immune function and hepatic transcriptional responses independently of energy intake
Authors: Amdi C. , Larsen C. , Jensen K. M. R. , Tange E. Ø. , Sato H. , Williams A. R. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Insufficient prenatal nutrition can affect fetal development and lead to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The aim of this study was to investigate hepatic transcriptional responses and innate immune function in piglets suffering from IUGR compared to normal-sized piglets at 3 days of age and explore whether the provision of an energy-rich supplement at birth could modulate these parameters.Methods: A total of 68 piglets were included in the study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were harvested for LPS stimulation, and organs were harvested post-mortem to quantify relative weights. Liver tissue was utilized for RNA sequencing coupled with gene-set enrichment analysis.Results: IUGR resulted in increased expression of genes such as PDK4 and substantial alterations in transcriptional pathways related to metabolic activity (e.g., citric acid and Krebs cycles), but these changes were equivalent in piglets given an energy-rich supplement or not. Transcriptomic analysis and serum biochemistry suggested altered glucose metabolism and a shift toward oxidation of fatty acids. IUGR piglets also exhibited suppression of genes related to innate immune function (e.g., CXCL12) and pathways related to cell proliferation (e.g., WNT and PDGF signaling). Moreover, they produced less IL-1β in response to LPS stimulation and had lower levels of blood eosinophils than normal-sized piglets.Discussion: Taken together, our results indicate that IUGR results in early-life alterations in metabolism and immunity that may not be easily restored by the provision of exogenous energy supplementation.
A pilot exploration of the relationships between optimism, affect, and cardiovascular reactivity
Authors: Parra-Gaete Cesar , Hermosa-Bosano Carlos 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionCardiovascular reactivity refers to changes in blood pressure and heart rate in response to internal or external stimuli. Previous research has shown that excessively high and low cardiovascular reactivity are associated with an increased risk of cardiac problems. Dispositional optimism has been associated with numerous health benefits, including better cardiovascular responses to stressors, and reduced mortality risk. Conversely, pessimism has been associated with negative health outcomes and worse cardiovascular reactivity to stress. Mood, comprising positive and negative affect, can significantly impact psychological adjustment and physical health. Therefore, it is important to consider mood as a potential confounding variable in the link between optimism and cardiovascular reactivity. The study hypothesized that optimism and pessimism would still influence cardiovascular reactivity even when mood variables were controlled for.MethodsA within-subjects correlational design with 107 young adult participants was used. Sociodemographic and clinical questionnaires were administered to collect information on participants’ characteristics. The Dispositional Optimism Scale (LOT-R) and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) were used to assess participants’ levels of optimism, pessimism, and mood. Measures of cardiovascular reactivity, including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR), were taken during a stressor task (PASAT).ResultsThere is a moderate positive correlation between dispositional optimism and positive affect, while pessimism demonstrated a moderate positive association with negative affect. Linear regression analyses were conducted, controlling baseline reactivity variables, gender, and body mass index. The results showed that pessimism had a significant negative effect on SBP reactivity, suggesting that higher levels of pessimism decreased SBP response. Optimism had a significant positive effect on DBP reactivity, while pessimism had a significant negative effect.DiscussionOverall, these results suggest that dispositional optimism and pessimism are related to cardiovascular reactivity, even after controlling for positive and negative affect. Pessimism was associated with lower SBP reactivity, while both optimism and pessimism influenced DBP reactivity. These findings are consistent with previous research indicating that optimism enables more effective stress management during challenging events, whereas pessimism can serve as a risk factor, heightening the likelihood of experiencing future cardiac issued caused by blunted cardiovascular reactivity.