bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amorphous porous organic polymers containing main group elements
Authors: Zhang Zhikai , Liu Zhaoxin , Xue Cece , Chen Hongyi , Han Xue , Ren Yi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAmorphous porous organic polymers (aPOPs) are a type of highly crosslinked polymers. These polymers are generally constructed from rigid organic building blocks, which have become an important subclass of POPs with diverse applications. In the early stage of development, a wide range of carbon-based building blocks and network forming chemistry afforded a large library of aPOPs with rich structures and properties. Recently, implanting main group elements with diverse geometric structures and electronic configurations into aPOPs has proven to be a useful tool to fine-tune the structures and properties of these polymers. Herein, we outline the recent advances in the field of main group (MG)-aPOPs where main-group elements either played unique roles in tuning the structures and properties of MG-aPOPs, or offered new strategies in the synthesis of MG-aPOPs. Furthermore, this Review discusses various challenges remaining in the field from the perspectives of synthetic strategies and characterization techniques, and presents some specific studies that may potentially address the challenges.
Enhanced catalytic activity of N-heterocyclic carbene stabilized surface adatoms for CO reduction reaction
Authors: Gao Yuxiang , Tao Lei , Zhang Yu-Yang , Du Shixuan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAdatom engineering represents a highly promising opportunity for enhancing electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR). However, the aggregation of adatoms under typical reaction conditions often leads to a decline in catalyst activity. Recent studies have revealed that N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) can stabilize surface adatoms. Herein, based on density functional theory calculations, we reveal a significant enhancement in the catalytic activity of Cu adatoms decorated with NHC molecules for CORR. The NHC decoration strengthens the interaction between the dxy orbital of the Cu adatom and the px orbital of the C atom, reducing the energy barriers in both CO hydrogenation and C-C coupling steps. Moreover, the CORR catalytic activity of the NHC decorated adatom can be further improved by tuning the side groups of NHC molecules. These results provide insights for the design of efficient CORR catalysts and offer a theoretical framework that can be extended to other hydrogenation reactions.
Spatial redundancy transformer for self-supervised fluorescence image denoising
Authors: Li Xinyang , Hu Xiaowan , Chen Xingye , Fan Jiaqi , Zhao Zhifeng , Wu Jiamin , Wang Haoqian , Dai Qionghai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFluorescence imaging with high signal-to-noise ratios has become the foundation of accurate visualization and analysis of biological phenomena. However, the inevitable noise poses a formidable challenge to imaging sensitivity. Here we provide the spatial redundancy denoising transformer (SRDTrans) to remove noise from fluorescence images in a self-supervised manner. First, a sampling strategy based on spatial redundancy is proposed to extract adjacent orthogonal training pairs, which eliminates the dependence on high imaging speed. Second, we designed a lightweight spatiotemporal transformer architecture to capture long-range dependencies and high-resolution features at low computational cost. SRDTrans can restore high-frequency information without producing oversmoothed structures and distorted fluorescence traces. Finally, we demonstrate the state-of-the-art denoising performance of SRDTrans on single-molecule localization microscopy and two-photon volumetric calcium imaging. SRDTrans does not contain any assumptions about the imaging process and the sample, thus can be easily extended to various imaging modalities and biological applications.
A bibliometric analysis of geographic disparities in the authorship of leading medical journals
Authors: Brück Oscar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
It has previously been reported that authors from developing countries are underrepresented in medical journals. Here, we aimed to build a comprehensive landscape of the geographical representation in medical research publications.

Methods
We collected bibliometric data of original research articles (n = 10,558) published between 2010 and 2019 in five leading medical journals and geolocated these by the institute of the corresponding authors. We introduced two simple metrics, the International Research Impact and the Domestic Self-Citation Index, to assess publishing and citing patterns by cities and countries.

Results
We show that only 32 countries published more than 10 publications in 10 years equaling 98.9% of all publications. English-speaking countries USA (48.2%), UK (15.9%), Canada (5.3%), and Australia (3.2%) are most represented, but with a declining trend in recent years. When normalized to citation count, 9/32 countries published ≥ 10% more than expected. In total, 85.7% of the publication excess originate from the USA and UK. We demonstrate similar geographical bias at the municipal level. Finally, we discover that journals more commonly publish studies from the country in which the journal is based and authors are more likely to cite work from their own country.

Conclusions
The study reveals Anglocentric dominance, domestic preference, but increased geographical representation in recent years in medical publishing. Similar audits could mitigate possible national and regional disparities in any academic field.
A novel efficient estimator for three‐dimensional bearings‐only source localisation with unknown sensor altitude and systematic measurement errors
Authors: Hu Heng‐Yu , Luo Ji‐An , Peng Dong‐Liang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA novel two‐stage profile maximum likelihood estimator is proposed to estimate the source location and the systematic errors jointly, with the aim of addressing the problem of source localisation using angle‐only measurements from a single sensor with unknown sensor altitude and systematic measurement errors. The proposed two‐stage profile maximum likelihood estimator algorithm is capable of decoupling the azimuth and elevation angle measurements while transforming the original maximum likelihood optimisation problem into two sub‐problems, that is, two‐dimensional‐projected maximum likelihood estimator and relative altitude maximum likelihood estimator. In terms of the two‐dimensional‐projected maximum likelihood estimator, an algorithm combining pseudo‐linear estimating and Kalman filtering is proposed to generate an initial estimate. Subsequently, a Gauss–Newton iterative method is developed to estimate the two‐dimensional‐projected target location and the azimuth systematic error jointly. The relative height maximum likelihood estimator is initialised using a pseudo‐linear estimator. Next, a Gauss–Newton iterative algorithm is adopted to estimate the elevation systematic error and the relative height. As indicated by the result of the simulation studies, the proposed algorithm exhibits an estimation performance close to the Cramér–Rao lower bound with unknown sensor altitude and systematic measurement errors.
Der Schlaganfall in Neurologie und Psychiatrie
Authors: Sommer Claudia 
Published: December 2023

Liebe Leserinnen und Lesermit großer Freude präsentieren wir Ihnen das vorliegende Themenheft
„Neurovaskuläre Erkrankungen“, mit dem wir uns, entsprechend
der Zielsetzung unserer Zeitschrift, vor allem den neuropsychiatrischen Aspekten
dieser Erkrankungen widmen. Die vorgestellten Beiträge zeichnen ein
facettenreiches Bild dieser komplexen Thematik und bieten spannende Einblicke in
wegweisende Forschungsergebnisse. In Anbetracht der großen Fortschritte in
der Akuttherapie des Schlaganfalls und der immer noch lebhaften Diskussion um die
Optimierung von medikamentöser Thrombolyse und interventioneller
Thrombektomie werden andere Aspekte in der Literatur zuweilen
vernachlässigt. Auch die Sekundärprävention wird weiterhin
in Studien erforscht. Die Existenz von kognitiven und affektiven Folgen von
Schlaganfällen ist weitgehend bekannt, wie wichtig diese jedoch für
Lebensqualität und Prognose der Betroffenen sind, wird manchmal
übersehen. Dass eine zerebrale Mikroangiopathie, ob als Schlaganfallursache
oder koexistent zu einer Makroangiopathie den Verlauf beeinflusst, ist ebenfalls
Lehrbuchwissen, aber das Wissen zu deren Pathophysiologie, und insbesondere zu den
Initialstadien und Präventionsmöglichkeiten, muss verbessert werden.
Wir haben uns daher in diesem Heft das Ziel gesetzt, diesen Themen Raum zu geben und
haben kompetente Autorenteams für die jeweiligen Inhalte gewinnen
können.
Prävention der Post-Stroke-Depression
Authors: Simon Erik , Barlinn Kristian , Siepmann Timo 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Post-Stroke-Depression (PSD) ist eine klinisch relevante nicht-motorische
Komplikation ischämischer und hämorrhagischer Hirninfarkte, die
etwa 30% aller Schlaganfallpatient:innen betrifft. Sie geht neben einer
Beeinträchtigung der Lebensqualität auch mit einer
Verzögerung der Rekonvaleszenz schlaganfallbezogener neurologischer und
funktioneller Defizite einher und vermag so, den Rehabilitationsverlauf
ungünstig zu beeinflussen. Durch geeignete Screeningverfahren kann die
PSD frühzeitig erkannt werden. Neben der zeitnahen Einleitung der
Behandlung einer manifestierten PSD kann insbesondere auch die Implementierung
effektiver Maßnahmen der Prävention zu einer Reduktion der mit
einer PSD vergesellschafteten medizinischen und sozioökonomischen
Belastungen führen. Diese Übersichtsarbeit fasst die aktuelle
Literatur zur medikamentösen und nichtmedikamentösen PSD
Prävention bei Schlaganfallpatient:innen zusammen.
Statelessness and (il)legitimacy in Al Bassam’s Petrol Station and Shakespeare’s King Lear
Authors: Abu Amrieh Yousef 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how Kuwaiti British playwright Sulayman Al Bassam’s Petrol Station (2017) draws on themes, tropes, and motifs from Shakespeare’s King Lear (1606) to dramatize the plight of stateless people worldwide. Al Bassam’s use of King Lear hinges on the fact that it is a play that depicts fraught family bonds against the backdrop of national concerns, a question that Petrol Station vividly dramatizes. First, both plays open with an old patriarch making an important decision. Although the two patriarchs propose that their decisions will ensure justice and integrity, ironically, the decision taken by each patriarch wreaks havoc, augments sibling rivalry, and eventually creates a chaotic situation that exacerbates divisions and frictions. Second, in both plays a patriarch has a legitimate son and an illegitimate one whose relationships are marred by continual conflicts and clashes. However, while in Shakespeare’s play, the illegitimate son is Machiavellian and malevolent, in Al Bassam’s play, the illegitimate son is helpless and even naïve. Furthermore, some characters in Al Bassam’s play can be viewed to have traces of Shakespeare’s characters, particularly the Fool, who critically comments on the course of actions. Finally, both plays end tragically with people committing suicide or being killed and carried to the stage. Overall, Al Bassam’s play draws our attention to the harsh conditions that stateless people, represented by the illegitimate son of the petrol station’s owner, endure daily. In this sense, Al Bassam’s play draws on Shakespeare’s representation of violence to depict how stateless people are subdued and oppressed.
Overall design of a 5 MW/10 MJ hybrid high-temperature superconducting energy storage magnets cooled by liquid hydrogen
Authors: Song Meng , Zou Xinyu , Ma Tao , Li Li , Long Feiyang , Xu Ying 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The integration of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) into the power grid can achieve the goal of storing energy, improving energy quality, improving energy utilization, and enhancing system stability. The early SMES used low-temperature superconducting magnets cooled by liquid helium immersion, and the complex low-temperature cooling system greatly limited the promotion and application of such devices. SMES based on high temperature superconductivity (HTS) materials can operate in the temperature range of 15–30 K, which simplifies the cooling system and reduces the cooling loss, and greatly improves the operating efficiency and stability of the cooling system. In this paper, the overall design of a 5 MW/10 MJ SMES based on state of the art HTS materials is achieved. The structural parameters of YBCO and MgB2 cables are introduced and the structural parameters of energy storage magnet are analyzed. And the cooling scheme for SMES is provided.
The mass production of silicon sensors for the Phase-2 CMS Outer Tracker
Authors: Damanakis Konstantinos ,   on behalf of CMS the collaboration
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The high luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) will create a more
challenging and demanding environment for the operation of the CMS detector. The peak
instantaneous luminosity of the HL-LHC machine will reach 5–7 × 1034 cm-2s-1, which by the end of its lifetime will have
delivered up to 4000 fb-1. To cope with these conditions the CMS Tracker will
be fully replaced with a more advanced system. The new sub-detector is divided into an Outer
Tracker, instrumented by short strips and macro pixels, and a more granular Inner Tracker using
pixelated sensors. This report will describe some features of the new Outer Tracker silicon
sensors and modules, provide results indicating the quality of the sensors produced to date, as
well as the robustness of the sensors against environmental factors such as relative humidity.
Impact of summer Tibetan Plateau snow cover on the variability of concurrent compound heatwaves in the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Dong Wei , Jia XiaoJing , Wu Renguang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Concurrent compound heatwaves (CCHWs) occurring simultaneously in multiple regions in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) pose high-end risks to human health and global supply chains. Over the past decade, CCHWs related to human health have substantially increased in occurrence. However, the mechanisms of the CCHWs remain uncertain. This work has revealed a significant relationship between the variability of summer CCHWs in the NH and changes in quasi-stationary waves during 1979–2021, which can be attributed to the variation of summer snow cover over the western Tibetan Plateau (SC_WTP). Excessive SC_WTP causes diabatic cooling by modulating the surface energy budget and stimulating a tripolar Rossby wave source. The atmospheric response to the SC_WTP-driven disturbance manifests as a circumglobal circulation pattern, weakening the meridional temperature gradients and causing a ‘double jet stream’ in the NH. These changes modulate the phase, amplitude and proportion of quasi-stationary waves with wavenumbers 4–6, leading to an increase in CCHWs in the NH. In addition, population exposure to CCHWs reaches 4.91 billion person-day when the SC_WTP increases by one standard deviation. Our study highlights the significance of early warning and forecasting implications related to SC_WTP for CCHWs that impact human health within the context of climate change.
Amplitude amplification-inspired QAOA: improving the success probability for solving 3SAT
Authors: Mandl Alexander , Barzen Johanna , Bechtold Marvin , Leymann Frank , Wild Karoline 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT), in particular 3SAT with its bounded clause size, is a well-studied problem since a wide range of decision problems can be reduced to it. The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising candidate for solving 3SAT for Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum devices in the near future due to its simple quantum ansatz. However, although QAOA generally exhibits a high approximation ratio, there are 3SAT problem instances where the algorithm’s success probability when obtaining a satisfying variable assignment from the approximated solution drops sharply compared to the approximation ratio. To address this problem, in this paper, we present variants of the algorithm that are inspired by the amplitude amplification algorithm to improve the success probability for 3SAT. For this, (i) three amplitude amplification-inspired QAOA variants are introduced and implemented, (ii) the variants are experimentally compared with a standard QAOA implementation, and (iii) the impact on the success probability and ansatz complexity is analyzed. The experiment results show that an improvement in the success probability can be achieved with only a moderate increase in circuit complexity.
Arthropod communities associated with gall-inducing Aciurina bigeloviae and Aciurina trixa (Diptera: Tephritidae) in New Mexico
Authors: Baine Quinlyn , Casares Emily E , Hughes Daniel W W , Martinson Vincent G , Martinson Ellen O 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Insect-induced galls are novel structures that serve as habitat to whole communities of associate arthropods that include predators, parasitoids, and inquilines. Galling insects are generally under-described, but their associate communities, which can include many specialist organisms, are virtually unknown, particularly in the southwest United States. Aciurina bigeloviae (Cockerell 1890) and Aciurina trixa Curran 1932 (Diptera: Tephritidae) are unusually common and abundant galling flies in New Mexico. The 2 species are sister and occur in sympatric areas but have distinct gall morphologies. We reared all arthropods from 3,800 galls from 14 sites in the northern and central regions of the state and as a result characterized the complete communities of both species, including barcode sequences and eclosion phenology. We also investigate interactions of A. trixa galls with the abundant inquiline weevil Anthonomus cycliferus Fall 1913 (Coleoptera: Circulionidae) and find no measurable effect of inquiline abundance on the size of the emerged adult fly or gall. The total species count is 24 and includes 6 guilds; both A. bigeloviae and A. trixa communities are richer and more complex than other documented Tephritidae–Asteraceae galling systems. This study highlights the potential of galling insects as ecosystem engineers to maintain large, rich, and multi-trophic communities.
Cardiac rehabilitation for elderly, weak patients who undergo transcatheter edge-to-edge repair: a case report
Authors: Zou Jieru , Zhang Xiaoxin , Yuan Jie , Geng Qingshan , Liu Jingjin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
The positive role of rehabilitation programmes for some cardiac patient populations (e.g. coronary artery disease, heart failure, transcatheter aortic valve replacement, and heart transplantation) is now well-known. However, the feasibility and outcomes of rehabilitation, prior to or immediately after percutaneous mitral valve reconstruction, using a clamping procedure have been poorly reported, especially among frail elderly patients.

Case summary
An 85-year-old woman with acute heart failure symptoms (New York Heart Association functional class III), who had acute myocardial infarction 3 months ago, was hospitalized. An ultrasound cardiogram showed severe mitral regurgitation, and after a multidisciplinary discussion, transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) was considered the safest treatment option. Even then, though, due to her poor health status, it was still too risky for the patient to undergo without significant prior preparation. Thus, we decided to begin pre- and post-surgery cardiac rehabilitation (CR) to prepare her for TEER, comprising medicinal, nutritional, and psychological support, as well as exercise and smoking cessation. After pre-operative assessment and rehabilitation, the patient underwent TEER, followed by post-operative reassessment, and continued rehabilitation.

Discussion
Our case study demonstrates that CR, both pre- and post-TEER, aids in improving the conditions of elderly patients with poor health, to minimize their risk for developing TEER-related complications. This case provides one possible CR regimen for those patients.
Electronic health record-supported implementation of an evidence-based pathway for perioperative surgical care
Authors: Wu JunBo , Yuan Christina T , Moyal-Smith Rachel , Wick Elizabeth C , Rosen Michael A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Enhanced recovery pathways (ERPs) are evidence-based approaches to improving perioperative surgical care. However, the role of electronic health records (EHRs) in their implementation is unclear. We examine how EHRs facilitate or hinder ERP implementation.

Materials and Methods
We conducted interviews with informaticians and clinicians from US hospitals participating in an ERP implementation collaborative. We used inductive thematic analysis to analyze transcripts and categorized hospitals into 3 groups based on process measure adherence. High performers exhibited a minimum 80% adherence to 6 of 9 metrics, high improvers demonstrated significantly better adherence over 12 months, and strivers included all others. We mapped interrelationships between themes using causal loop diagrams.

Results
We interviewed 168 participants from 8 hospitals and found 3 thematic clusters: (1) “EHR difficulties” with the technology itself and contextual factors related to (2) “EHR enablers,” and (3) “EHR barriers” in ERP implementation. Although all hospitals experienced issues, high performers and improvers successfully integrated ERPs into EHRs through a dedicated multidisciplinary team with informatics expertise. Strivers, while enacting some fixes, were unable to overcome individual resistance to EHR-supported ERPs.

Discussion and Conclusion
We add to the literature describing the limitations of EHRs’ technological capabilities to facilitate clinical workflows. We illustrate how organizational strategies around engaging motivated clinical teams with informatics training and resources, especially with dedicated technical support, moderate the extent of EHRs’ support to ERP implementation, causing downstream effects for hospitals to transform technological challenges into care-improving opportunities. Early and consistent involvement of informatics expertise with frontline EHR clinician users benefited the efficiency and effectiveness of ERP implementation and sustainability.