bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Vitamin D Deficiency Cause Chronic Low Back Pain: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Ghani Muhammad Tahir , Syed Hassan Murtaza Shah  , Akkad Rafiq  , Nain Sukh  
Published: February 2024

Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is an important cause of morbidity worldwide and is routinely treated by vitamin D supplementation alongwith other measures. Whether vitamin D deficiency is responsible for CLBP, is a matter of debate. The aim of this case-control study is to find out weather vitamin d deficiency is associated with CLBP.
Objective: The objective of the study to find out whether hypovitaminosis D causes CLBP.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the Department of Surgery and Medicine of Aero Hospital Wahcantt from 2ndMay 2022 to 31May 2023 after ethical approval from IMC vide letter No 44(33)/2023-IMC. 195 cases of CLBP and an equal number of controls were selected through non-probability convenience sampling. After matching confounding factors between the two groups, their vitamin D levels were recorded. The null hypothesis that there is no difference between the mean vitamin D level of cases and controls was tested by applying an independent sample t-test. Taking vitamin D levels below 20ng/ml as hypovitaminosis D, the odds ratio was calculated as well.
Results: Both groups, cases, and controls had an equal number of males (n=63, 32.3%) and females (n=132, 67.7%). The mean age of cases was 44.6 years with SD ± 13.54 while the mean age of controls was 45.2 years with SD ± 13.46 years. The mean level of vitamin D of patients was 23.22 ng/ml with SD ± 17.76 while the mean vitamin D level of controls was 26.48ng/ml with SD ± 20.64. Independent sample t-test showed that there is no statistical significant difference between the mean vitamin D levels of the two groups (p-value > 0.05). The odds ratio was 1.31 showing no or very weak correlation between hypovitaminosis D and CLBP.
Conclusion: There is no causal relationship between CLBP and hypovitaminosis D.
Performance analysis of hemispherical distiller for different basin materials with mirrors and energy storage material
Authors: Sathyamurthy Ravishankar , Kabeel Abd Elnaby , Attia Mohammed El Hadi , Essa Fadl Abdelmonem , Abdelgaied Mohamed , Abdullah Abdelkader 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
A multitude of studies exist on solar desalination systems, particularly focusing on innovative designs for covers and absorber materials to enhance freshwater production. Given the larger exposure area for evaporation and condensation, hemispherical solar stills have become widely utilized. This study primarily centers on improving freshwater yield by incorporating reflective mirrors and absorber materials made of zinc and copper into the hemispherical solar still. The thermal performance is evaluated and compared with a hemispherical solar still lacking these modifications. In addition, sand grains are introduced to the absorber as a means of energy storage. Experimental results demonstrate that the concurrent use of copper as a basin material with reflective mirrors and sand grains as energy storage significantly enhances freshwater production from the hemispherical solar still. The findings reveal an improvement in freshwater yield by up to 156% compared to a conventional hemispherical still. The conventional and modified hemispherical solar stills, with the combined effects of energy storage through sand grains, absorber plate, and reflective mirrors, exhibit a maximum accumulated yield of approximately 4.65 and 11.9 L/m2, respectively. The present findings affirm the importance of the proposed modifications to the hemispherical solar still.
An enhanced method for automated end-use classification of household water data
Authors: Mazzoni Filippo , Blokker Mirjam , Alvisi Stefano , Franchini Marco 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

An accurate estimation of residential end uses of water is helpful in developing efficient water systems. If not obtainable through direct metering, this information can be gathered by disaggregating and classifying household-level water-use data. However, most automated techniques require fine-resolution data (e.g., 1 s) and end-use parameters which may be unavailable to water utilities. To fill the above gap, this study presents a method for the automated disaggregation and classification of indoor water-use data collected at the 1-min temporal resolution, and by exclusively relying on the end-use parameter values available in the literature. Specifically, the features of each water-use event detected at the household level are compared against the most common event features for the selected end-use category. The results obtained by testing the method with real data collected at 14 households in two different countries (Italy and the Netherlands) confirm its potential in disaggregating and classifying water end-use events with an average accuracy higher than 90% and an average (normalized) root-mean-square lower than 0.06 despite the lack of information about end uses in individual households. This demonstrates that end-use detection is possible even with data whose resolution is closer to that of most commercial water meters.
Synergizing cybersecurity in healthcare with novel bioprocessing for sustainable energy-centric water remediation
Authors: Sita Kumari K. , Ghorpade Vasundhara , Sami Fatima Moayad , Abdul Haleem Sulaima Lebbe , Kondaveeti Suresh Babu , Kiyosov Sherzod 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Water Reuse a formal withdrawal in relation to the above article by K. Sita Kumari et al.. This decision has been taken as the authors failed to complete the necessary corrections to their paper, and production could not be completed. As a result of this the paper has been withdrawn.
Systematic Review on Major Antiviral Phytocompounds from Common
Medicinal Plants against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Ghosh Suvendu , Singha Partha Sarathi , Das Lakshmi Kanta , Ghosh Debosree 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Viral infections are rising around the globe and with evolving virus types
and increasing varieties of viral invasions; the human body is developing antimicrobial resistance
continuously. This is making the fight of mankind against viruses weak and unsecured. On the
other hand, changing lifestyle, globalization and human activities adversely affecting the environment
are opening up risks for new viral predominance on human race. In this context the world has
witnessed the pandemic of the human Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) recently. The disease is
caused by the Coronavirus namely Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-
2).

Method and Materia:
Developing potential and effective vaccine is also time consuming and
challenging. The huge resource of plants around us has rich source of potent antiviral compounds.
Some of these molecules may serve as tremendously potent lead molecules whose slight structural
modifications may give us highly bioactive antiviral derivatives of phytocompounds. Every geographical
region is rich in unique plant biodiversity and hence every corner of the world with rich
plant biodiversity can serve as abode for potential magical phytocompounds most of which have
not been extensively explored for development of antiviral drug formulations against various viruses
like the HIV, HPV etc., and the Coronavirus, also known as SARS-CoV-2 which causes the
disease COVID-19.

Result:
Several phytocompounds from various medicinal plants have already been screened using
in silico tools and some of them have yielded promising results establishing themselves as potent
lead molecules for development of drugs against the highly mutating SARS-CoV-2 virus and thus
these phytocompounds may be beneficial in treating COVID-19 and help human to win the life
threatening battle against the deadly virus.

Conclusion:
The best advantage is that these phytocompounds being derived from nature in most
of the cases, come with minimum or no side effects compared to that of chemically synthesized
conventional bioactive compounds and are indigenously available hence are the source of cost
effective drug formulations with strong therapeutic potentials.
Different Strategies Targeting Gut Microbiota for the Management of
Several Disorders: A Sustainable Approach
Authors: Chowdhury Mahima , Raj Chaudhary Neil , Kaur Paranjeet , Goyal Anju , Sahu Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: February 2024

Background::
A potential limelight is flashed on the Gut Microbiota (GM) in the human
body, which confers additional psychological as well as physiological attributes to health. Other than
just occupying a wide portion of the gastrointestinal tract, it also plays numerous functions in the
systems of the body. Gut Microbiota is largely responsible for a considerably vast array of conditions
such as obesity, diabetes ,other metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular disorders. Strategies targeting
the gut microbiota have been proposed as a promising approach for the management of these disorders.

Objective::
This review aims to summarize the different strategies targeting the gut microbiota for the
management of several disorders and to highlight the importance of a sustainable approach.

Methods::
A comprehensive literature search was conducted using various databases between 2008
and 2022 that focused on the use of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, fecal microbiota
transplantation, dietary interventions, and antibiotics.

Results::
Different strategies targeting the gut microbiota for the management of several disorders
were identified, including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation,
and dietary interventions. Modification in diet and lifestyle, allowing favorable microbiota
growth in the stomach, intake of prebiotics and probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation are
amongst the widely accepted recent approaches allowing the application of GM in the field of treatment.

Conclusion::
Although considerable steps in enhancing and understanding the mechanism of treatment
with the help of gut microbiota are under progress, much diversified and elaborate research
must be conducted in order to enhance and implement the use of GM with high effectiveness.
Highlights from the Top 100 Most Influential Articles Regarding the
Nuclear Receptor PPAR-γ: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Wu Si , Dai Haijiao , Bai Xianxiang , Wu Zhen , Wang Xianglei , Xiao Bin 
Published: February 2024

Background:
PPAR-γ is one of three members of the PPAR group of the nuclear receptor
superfamily and plays an important regulatory role as a ligand-dependent transcription factor.

Objective:
This study aimed to identify the top 100 most influential articles in the field of
PPAR-γ. We hypothesized that a bibliometric and scientometric analysis of the PPAR-γ research
field could render trends that provide researchers and funding agencies valuable insight
into the history of the field, and potential future directions.

Methods:
A literature search of publications was carried out using the Web of Science (WOS) and
Scopus database based on specific subject words on September 11, 2023. Articles were listed in
descending order of the number of citations. Statistical analysis was performed on the data of the
top 100 cited articles in terms of year of publication, journal, research direction, institution, author,
and country. Meanwhile, co-authorship networks and co-citation networks were constructed by
using VOSviewer software, and keywords were analyzed for co-occurrence.

Results:
A total of 9,456 articles regarding PPAR-γ were identified and analyzed based on the
WOS database, and the top 100 cited articles in the field of PPAR-γ were ranked by citation.
The most cited article was published in 1998, with 2,571 citations and a density of 102.80 citations/
year. Of the 100 articles, Harvard University was the institution with the highest number
of articles published. Spiegelman, B. M. was the author with the highest number of articles published.
Using the VOSviewer software, we found that the most used keywords were geneexpression,
activated receptor-gamma, and adipocyte differentiation. PPAR-γ, one of the most
widely studied transcription factors, is an important drug target for many diseases. Therefore,
screening for small molecule compounds targeting PPAR-γ remains of great value.

Conclusion:
The present study identified the top 100 most influential articles in the field of
PPAR-γ, which help global researchers to better understand research perspectives and develop
future research directions of PPAR-γ.
Blackcurrant Supplementation and Habitual Physical Activity Enhance
Functional Capacity and Quality of Life in Previously Sedentary Older
Women
Authors: Chatzopoulou Stefania , Dimitros Eleftherios , Massaro Marika , Cicchella Antonio , Jamurtas Athanasios , Kouidi Evangelia , Tsiptsios Dimitrios , Kenny Glen P. , Kaltsatou Antonia 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Loss of functional capacity negatively impacts the quality of life in older
adults. Objective: This single-site randomized controlled study examined whether short- (one
week) and long-term (three months) blackcurrant supplementations combined with habitual
physical activity would improve functional capacity and quality of life in previously sedentary
older women.

Methods:
Thirty sedentary, healthy older women were randomly assigned to receive blackcurrant
supplementation (400 mg of blackcurrant extract) (Polyphenol group, n=15; 74.2±10.0
years) or no supplementation (capsules of 400 mg of corn flour) (Placebo group, n=15; 72.8±8.7
years). Each group consumed two capsules daily for one week and three months, with a washout
period of one week between the two phases. The polyphenol group was required to increase habitual
activity levels. Participants underwent a functional capacity assessment consisting of a sixminute
walk, sit-to-stand test, Berg balance scale measurement and quality of life evaluation
with the Scale of Life Satisfaction Index (LSI) at the start, after one week, and after three months
of supplementation.

Results:
Walking distance and time to sit-to-stand improved by 2.5% (p=0.005) and 7.5%
(p=0.005), respectively, after one week in the polyphenol group. After 3 months, walking distance
in the six-minute walk test increased by 12.3% (p=0.001) while the time to sit-to-stand decreased
by 16% (p=0.002) in polyphenol compared to placebo, respectively. No differences in
Berg balance scale were observed. Quality of life, indexed by LSI, improved by 39% (p=0.001)
in the polyphenol compared to the placebo group.

Conclusion:
Blackcurrant supplementation, combined with habitual activity, may enhance functional
capacity and quality of life in older women, offering a potential strategy to maintain independence.
However, future studies should address longer durations to validate these findings.
A Landscape on Lymphatic Filariasis with its Effects and Recent
Advanced Treatments
Authors: Yadav Agrima , Yadav Shikha , Alam Aftab 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
Lymphatic filariasis is an infection caused by parasites that poses a significant
health, social, and economic burden, affecting a vast population that exceeds 120 million
individuals globally. The Etiology of the infection is attributed to three nematode parasites,
namely Wuchereria bancrofti, B. timori, and Brugia malayi, as well as which are phylogenetically
related. These parasites are transmitted to humans via mosquitoes belonging to
the Anopheles, Aedes genera, and Culex. As per the estimation provided by the WHO, the
current number of individuals infected with filariasis stands at approximately 120 million
across 81 countries. Furthermore, it is estimated that around 1.34 billion individuals reside
in regions that are endemic to filariasis, thereby putting them at risk of contracting the disease.
Different synthetic drugs such as Ivermectin, Doxycycline, Albendazole, and Suramin
are used in the treatment. Some natural plants are Azadirachta indica, Tinospora
cordifolia, Zingiber officinal, as well as, some marine sources are also included for better
treatment. We also touch briefly on a few additional filarial diseases. Although there are
only a few medications available to treat filariasis, their frequent usage may result in drug
resistance. Furthermore, there is no effective vaccination for the treatment of filariasis. Due
to these restrictions, it has been crucial to create new anti-filarial medications, which motivates
researchers to find novel pharmaceuticals with anti-filarial action. In this article, we
examine the latest achievements in the anti-filarial area, including the many forms of filariasis
and their historical contexts, elimination programmes, various therapeutic classes
(both synthetic and natural), investigated product-derived targets as well as clinical investigations.
Synthesis of Ursolic Acid-based Hybrids: In Vitro Antibacterial,
Cytotoxicity Studies, In Silico Physicochemical and Pharmacokinetic
Properties
Authors: Khwaza Vuyolwethu , Oselusi Samson Olaitan , Morifi Eric , Nwamadi Mutshinyalo , Hlope Kamogelo S. , Ndinteh Derek Tantoh , Matsebatlela Thabe Moses , Oyedeji Opeoluwa Oyehan , Aderibigbe Blessing Atim 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Background

Objectives:
Amine-linked ursolic acid-based hybrid compounds were prepared in good
yields in the range of 60-68%.

Methods:
Their molecular structures were successfully confirmed using different
spectroscopic methods including 1H/13C NMR, UHPLC-HRMS and FTIR spectroscopy. The
in vitro cytotoxicity of some of these hybrid molecules against three human tumour cells,
such as MDA-MB23, MCF7, and HeLa was evaluated using the MTT colorimetric method.

Result:
Their antibacterial efficacy was evaluated against eleven bacterial pathogens using
a serial dilution assay. Majority of the bacterial strains were inhibited significantly by
compounds 17 and 24, with the lowest MIC values in the range of 15.3-31.25 μg/mL.
Compound 16 exhibited higher cytotoxicity against HeLa cells than ursolic acid, with an
IC50 value of 43.64 g/mL.

Conclusion:
The in vitro antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of these hybrid compounds
demonstrated that ursolic acid-based hybrid molecules are promising compounds. Further
research into ursolic acid-based hybrid compounds is required.
Rights of women in the establishment and dissolution of marriage in Oman: between CEDAW and sharia perspective
Authors: Aghbari Fahad Al , Hassan Muhamad Sayuti , Mamari Saleh Al , Musa Nurhafilah 
Published: February 2024

The Sultanate of Oman has acceded to CEDAW in 2005. However, Oman has reservations about a few articles of the said Convention because some of its provisions conflict with Islamic Sharia or Oman's national laws, including Article 16 of CEDAW. Therefore, the objective of this article is to critically analyse Article 16 of CEDAW and the extent to which Oman Personal Status Law addresses marriage and divorce-related issues is compatible or in conflict with the Convention. To accomplish this objective, the research employs doctrinal legal research and an analytical approach to examine the texts of the Convention and their Omani equivalents. The analysis revealed that the courts could enforce the articles of CEDAW to assert rights, except for the provisions that Oman expressed reservations about. Oman has reservations regarding several features outlined in Article 16 of the aforementioned Convention, as they conflict with Islamic Law. The study highlights that the Convention effectively governs certain areas that promote gender equality in family matters, including stipulating that a woman's permission is necessary for marriage and her entitlement to dissolve the marital union by divorce or khulu' under appropriate circumstances. In addition, Oman effectively implements certain provisions of the Convention to strengthen women's rights by modifying domestic legislation. In conclusion, the Oman National Law is consistent with the CEDAW, except for the State's reservations concerning the implementation of Article 16 of the aforementioned Convention.
Hamstring tendon muscle injuries – anatomy, mechanisms and rehabilitation
Authors: Barzak Bartosz , Hankus Kornelia , Urban Natalia , Wozniak Slawomir 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This review examines the role of physical therapists in the treatment of hamstring injuries (HSI) using detailed anatomy and knowledge of the most common mechanisms leading to injury. The authors of the analyzed works pay attention to the appropriate prevention of hamstring injuries, especially in professional sports. Diagnostics should include determining the mechanism of injury, because rehabilitation will fully depend on it.
In the rehabilitation process, attention should be paid to the time in which actions are taken, because each stage of rehabilitation brings different difficulties.
A physiotherapist has many tools that clearly influence how quickly the patient will recover. The treatment process for a patient with HSI requires further research and improvement of guidelines, as it is one of the most common injuries of the posterior thigh muscle group with a high risk of recurrence.
Exploring the microscopic terrain of the small intestinal epithelium: a comprehensive overview of general architecture and the present understanding of intestinal stem cells
Authors: Nowak Bernadetta , Wanat Marta , Świątko Ada , Mirkowski Karol , Tarkowski Victoria , Mrożek Andrzej , Mazurek Mateusz , Domanski Jurand , Domagała Zygmunt 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the microscopic landscape of the small intestinal epithelium, focusing on its general structure and the current state of knowledge regarding intestinal stem cells. The small intestine’s epithelial layer is intricately organized, comprising various cell types with specialized functions, including goblet cells, enterocytes, enteroendocrine cells, Paneth cells, microfold cells (M cells), and tuft cells. These cells collectively contribute to essential physiological processes such as digestion, absorption, and immune response regulation. The review delves into the role of intestinal stem cells, residing in the crypts, and their significance in maintaining tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Understanding the microscopic intricacies of the small intestinal epithelium is crucial for unraveling its physiological functions and exploring potential therapeutic avenues.
Conceptual Architectural Response to Radiation on Mars
Authors: Malec Tomasz Eugeniusz 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The climatic conditions on Mars are significantly different from those on Earth, which is the main factor affecting the potential architectural solutions on this planet. Above all, high levels of cosmic radiation of solar and extragalactic origin require specific architectural solutions, such as a safe location and sufficient protection, which are determined by a complex set of factors. These factors include the accessibility of building materials on site, the range and predictability of changes in climatic conditions, and human needs. In this article, the significant influence of radiation on architecture, which should be addressed when planning temporary or permanent resilient settlements on Mars, is examined in the case of manned missions to the planet. For this purpose, a comprehensive literature review is conducted, focused on the latest radiation-related discoveries. As the main outcome, two main schematic architectural solutions are proposed as a step toward more advanced projects. In addition, the gaps that need to be filled in the current approach to the design process, related to the insufficiently strong focus on multidisciplinary site analysis with radiation as its main factor (as is necessary for erecting an inhabitable base) are addressed.