bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Changing Cannabis Laws on Cannabis Use Disorders,
Serious Mental Illness, and Mortality Outcomes in US Youth: A
Narrative Review
Authors: Hammond Christopher J. , Boustead Anne E. , Fristad Mary A. , Pawar Aditya , Steelesmith Danielle L. , Fontanella Cynthia A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Youth cannabis use is a major public health crisis. Cannabis laws carry
significant health implications for American youth. Relaxing of these laws –
through decriminalization, medical and recreational legalization – by a majority of
states in the United States (US) over the past 25 years has dramatically shifted
societal perceptions and adult use. How cannabis policy changes have affected the
population-wide health of US youth and downstream public health implications of
cannabis laws remain topics of significant debate. Cannabis is the most commonly
used federally-illicit drug by US adolescents and the main drug for which US teens
obtain substance use treatment. Adolescent cannabis use is associated with negative
long-term consequences for mental health, risk-taking behaviors, and academic/job
achievement. As of January 2023, 37 states and the District of Columbia (DC) have
enacted medical cannabis laws; of these, 21 states and DC have recreational
cannabis laws. Multiple studies have assessed the association between cannabis
laws and youth cannabis use; results indicate mostly null effects for medical laws
and mixed effects for recreational laws. Little is known about the effects of
cannabis laws on mental health and mortality outcomes for American youth.
Methodological limitations have made the interpretation of this literature difficult.
This article presents a narrative review of current scientific literature investigating
the impact of changing cannabis policies on cannabis and other drug use, mental
health, and mortality outcomes in US youth. Implications are framed within a larger
discussion on national trends in youth drug use, effects of adolescent cannabis
exposure on health outcomes, and research-based policymaking.
Research on Foothold Optimization of the Quadruped Crawling Robot
based on Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Liu Xiulian , Wang Peng , Dong Renquan 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Quadruped crawling robots will be faced with stability problems when
walking on a raised slope. The stability of robot is affected by gait planning and selection of its foothold
in this terrain. The slope reaction force on anterior and posterior legs is uneven. The selection
strategy of its foothold should achieve good performance for the stability of the quadruped crawling
robot.

Objective:
Aimed at the uneven problem of slope reaction force on the anterior and posterior legs of
the quadruped crawling robot when walking on the raised slope, a patent method for foothold optimization
using reinforcement learning based on strategy search is proposed.

Methods:
The kinematic model of the quadruped crawling robot is created in D-H coordinate method.
According to the gait timing sequence method, the frame description of the quadruped crawling
robot's gait on the slope is proposed. The fitting polynomial coefficients and fitting curves of all
joints of the leg can be obtained by using the polynomial fitting calculation method. The reinforcement
learning method based on Q-learning algorithm is proposed to find the optimal foothold by
interacting with the slope environment. Comparative simulation and test of other gait and climbing
slope gait, the climbing slope gait with and without the Q-learning algorithm is carried out by
MATLAB platform.

Results:
When the quadruped crawling robot adopts the reinforcement learning method based on Qlearning
algorithm to select foothold, the robot posture curves are compared without optimization
strategy. The result proves that the selection strategy of its foothold is valid.

Conclusion:
The selection strategy of its foothold with reinforcement learning based on Q-learning
algorithm can improve the stability of the quadruped crawling robot on the raised sloped.
Vehicle Trajectory Prediction Considering Multi-feature Independent
Encoding Based on Graph Neural Network
Authors: Su Xiao , Wang Xiaolan , Li Haonan , Xu Xin , Wang Yansong 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Today, self-driving cars are already on the roads. However, driving safety
remains a huge challenge. Trajectory prediction of traffic targets is one of the important tasks of an
autonomous driving environment perception system, and its output trajectory can provide necessary
information for decision control and path planning. Although there are many patents and articles
related to trajectory prediction, the accuracy of trajectory prediction still needs to be improved.

Objective:
This paper aimed to propose a novel scheme that considers multi-feature independent
encoding trajectory prediction (MFIE).

Methods:
MFIE is an independently coded trajectory prediction algorithm that consists of a spacetime
interaction module and trajectory prediction module, and considers speed characteristics and
road characteristics. In the spatiotemporal interaction module, an undirected and weightless static
traffic graph is used to represent the interaction between vehicles, and multiple graph convolution
blocks are used to perform data mining on the historical information of target vehicles, capture temporal
features, and process spatial interaction features. In the trajectory prediction module, three long
short-term memory (LSTM) encoders are used to encode the trajectory feature, motion feature, and
road constraint feature independently. The three hidden features are spliced into a tensor, and the
LSTM decoder is used to predict the future trajectory.

Results:
On datasets, such as Apollo and NGSIM, the proposed method has shown lower prediction
error than traditional model-driven and data-driven methods, and predicted more target vehicles at
the same time. It can provide a basis for vehicle path planning on highways and urban roads, and it is
of great significance to the safety of autonomous driving.

Conclusion:
This paper has proposed a multi-feature independent encoders’ trajectory prediction
data-driven algorithm, and the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified with a public dataset. The
trajectory prediction algorithm considering multi-feature independent encoders provides some reference
value for decision planning.
Remote Perimetry in a Virtual Reality Metaverse Environment for Out-of-Hospital Functional Eye Screening Compared Against the Gold Standard Humphrey Visual Fields Perimeter: Proof-of-Concept Pilot Study
Authors: Wong Kang-An , Ang Bryan Chin Hou , Gunasekeran Dinesh Visva , Husain Rahat , Boon Joewee , Vikneson Krishna , Tan Zyna Pei Qi , Tan Gavin Siew Wei , Wong Tien Yin , Agrawal Rupesh 
Published: October 2023

Background
The growing global burden of visual impairment necessitates better population eye screening for early detection of eye diseases. However, accessibility to testing is often limited and centralized at in-hospital settings. Furthermore, many eye screening programs were disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, presenting an urgent need for out-of-hospital solutions.

Objective
This study investigates the performance of a novel remote perimetry application designed in a virtual reality metaverse environment to enable functional testing in community-based and primary care settings.

Methods
This was a prospective observational study investigating the performance of a novel remote perimetry solution in comparison with the gold standard Humphrey visual field (HVF) perimeter. Subjects received a comprehensive ophthalmologic assessment, HVF perimetry, and remote perimetry testing. The primary outcome measure was the agreement in the classification of overall perimetry result normality by the HVF (Swedish interactive threshold algorithm–fast) and testing with the novel algorithm. Secondary outcome measures included concordance of individual testing points and perimetry topographic maps.

Results
We recruited 10 subjects with an average age of 59.6 (range 28-81) years. Of these, 7 (70%) were male and 3 (30%) were female. The agreement in the classification of overall perimetry results was high (9/10, 90%). The pointwise concordance in the automated classification of individual test points was 83.3% (8.2%; range 75%-100%). In addition, there was good perimetry topographic concordance with the HVF in all subjects.

Conclusions
Remote perimetry in a metaverse environment had good concordance with gold standard perimetry using the HVF and could potentially avail functional eye screening in out-of-hospital settings.
MOBILIZAÇÕES DO “JUNHO INDÍGENA” DE 2021 CONTRA O PL 490 E O MARCO TEMPORAL NO BRASIL
Authors: Mondardo Marcos Leandro , Chaparro Roberto Lopes 
Published: October 2023

O ano de 2021 foi histórico para a luta dos povos indígenas no Brasil, seja pelo combate à Covid-19 nos seus territórios, seja na luta para reafirmar seus direitos garantidos constitucionalmente e que estão ameaçados diante do PL 490/2007, que tramita no Congresso Nacional sobre a tese do marco temporal, ainda em processo de votação no Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF). O objetivo deste texto foi, assim, analisar a mobilização realizada pelo Movimento Indígena no Brasil no mês de junho de 2021, denominado de “Junho Indígena”, contra o PL 490/2007 e a tese do marco temporal e os seus impactos na existência dos povos indígenas. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa para levantar as ações realizadas no período por meio de publicações em redes sociais de organizações e lideranças indígenas, complementadas com informações oriundas de sites, jornais e blogs do movimento indígena e indigenista. Os resultados foram sistematizados e categorizados por meio da análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin. Os dados revelam que a capacidade de articulação nacional do Movimento Indígena capilarizou ações em todas as cinco regiões do Brasil e performou manifestações variadas em diversos arranjos espaciais, principalmente, bloqueios de tráfegos em rodovias e protestos em ambientes urbanos.
Hiperdia em uma abordagem interdisciplinar e sua contribuição para o processo de formação do trabalhador de saúde: um relato de experiência
Authors: Dos Santos Silva Fernanda Ayalla , Feltrin de Oliveira Luciane Cristina 
Published: October 2023

Este estudo objetiva relatar a vivência frente aos atendimentos de HIPERDIA realizados em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família de forma interdisciplinar e sua contribuição para o processo de formação de trabalhadores de saúde por meio da residência multiprofissional em saúde da família da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS). Trata-se de um estudo descritivo qualitativo, do tipo relato de experiência, sobre as atividades vivenciadas na Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família (RMSF). Dos 18 pacientes atendidos, observou-se que 58% destes, obtiveram melhorias, bem como um melhor entendimento em relação a sua condição de saúde e os cuidados para além da adesão ao tratamento farmacológico. Assim, atendimentos realizados de forma interdisciplinar aos pacientes do programa, não só contribuiu de forma positiva para a formação do trabalhador em saúde, permitindo a troca de sabres entre profissionais, bem como garantiu a integralidade da atenção aos pacientes. Desta forma, diante da necessidade de que estes pacientes têm quanto a garantia do cuidado em saúde na atenção primária, e da fragilidade que ainda existe nas graduações quanto a atuação interdisciplinar, a Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família, é de grande importância para a formação do trabalhador em saúde, e principalmente para o fortalecimento do SUS.
Palavras chaves: doenças crônicas por hipertensão e diabetes, sistema único de saúde multiprofissionalidade, interdisciplinaridade.
Effect of Crude Oil Revenue on the Oil and Non-oil Sectors in Nigeria
Authors: Salaudeen Mohammed Bashir 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The debate for oil-rich economies to plough their oil windfalls into real economic activities to spur diversification has become intense due to the deficit fiscal crisis and poor socio-economic profile of resource-abundant nations. Therefore, we use secondary data from the period between 1981 and 2020 to assess the impact of crude oil revenue on the oil and non-oil sector output performance in Nigeria. The study adopts the ARDL (i.e. autoregressive distributed lag) and the augmented Granger causality techniques to analyse the data. The ARDL regressions show that crude oil positively impacts oil sector performance, but the impact is only substantial in the short run. Crude oil revenue exerts a positive and insignificant effect on the short-run non-oil sector output, whereas, over the long run, it has a negative but significant effect. To propel growth, the study recommends using the excess crude oil earnings to develop non-oil sectors such as agriculture, services, and manufacturing.
Mathematical analysis of the Royal Game of Ur
Authors: Raposo Diego J. , Lamont Padraig X. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Despite many discoveries and proposals for rules for the ancient board game known as the Royal Game of Ur (RGU), no mathematical analysis has yet been performed investigating those rules. In an attempt to fill that gap, this paper presents an initial mathematical analysis of the RGU from an introductory point of view. The paper deduces the overall complexity of the RGU using a state-space and game-tree complexity analysis, allowing the RGU to be compared to the popular games Checkers, Backgammon, Ludo, Chess, and Go. The paper builds upon the fundamental laws of combinatorics and probability to improve the understanding of the game: what patterns should you expect, what moves increase your chance to win, and what moves should you avoid. The paper also presents theorems to predict the probability of future dice rolls and piece movements within the game, allowing basic inferences to be made about strategy in the RGU. The game is further examined by analysing three different influences when determining the best move: advancement and attack (beneficial to the player), and captures (detrimental to the player). These influences are used to deduce explicit equations for the advantage gained by playing each possible move from a position, which allows the formalization of a strategic algorithm to play the RGU.
Incidence of Dermatophytosis Based on Age and Gender at The Regional General Hospital in Gianyar District Hospitals
Authors: Widhidewi Ni Wayan , Purnama Ni Kadek Ari , Budiapsari Putu Indah , Widiawati Sayu 
Published: October 2023

Background: Dermatophytosis is a superficial fungal infection caused by filamentous fungi that attack the keratinized tissue of the skin, nails, and hair. The clinical manifestations of dermatophytosis, in addition to depending on the source host factors, such as age, sex, and race, are significant epidemiological factors. However, the relationship of infection susceptibility remains unclear. Purposes: This study aimed to determine the relationship between age and sex and dermatophytosis incidence in Gianyar Regency. Methods: This study was observational with a cross-sectional design using 200 samples divided into 100 dermatophytosis patients and 100 non-dermatophytosis patients. Statistical analysis of the data used was a chi-square test with 95%CI. Results: The majority of patients with dermatophyte infections were >19 years old (74%), female (57%), and tinea corporis (36%). The chi-square test showed that there was a significant relationship between age and sex with the incidence of dermatophytosis (p = 0.025; OR = 1.978; 95% CI = 1.087-3.599 and p = 0.003; OR = 2.357; 95% CI = 1.334-4.162). Conclusion: It can be concluded that older age and female tend to suffer dermatophytosis.
Evaluation of the Performance Curves of the 4-Stroke, Spark-Ignited, Single-Cylinder Engine Altered to Consume Ethanol
Authors: Fantinatti Lucas Zaia , Strobel Christian Scapualtempo , Och Stephan Hennings , Catapan Márcio Fontana 
Published: October 2023

Objective: To conduct tests on the B4T-5.5 hp spark-ignition engines (Otto cycle) with conventional fuels (types of gasoline) and, after modification, to test with renewable fuels (Ethanol) on the dynamometer in the engineering laboratory of Branco Motores Ltda., following SAE J1995 and SAE J1940 standards. Analyze the power and torque curves for each tested fuel.

Theoretical framework: Utilizing the literature through research in books, dissertations, articles, and standards.

Method: This study involves the performance of a gasoline engine converted to ethanol (renewable fuel) through quantitative research and the evaluation of test results on the 5.5 hp single-cylinder 4-stroke spark-ignition engine (B4T model) with each proposed fuel in the research.

Results and Conclusion: During the analysis, the necessary values were measured to create the power and torque curves using different types of national fuels. The spark-ignition engine was connected to a dynamometer and tested with regular gasoline (Type C with 27.5% ethanol content), premium gasoline, podium® gasoline, and anhydrous ethanol 95% (the gasoline engine was modified to operate with ethanol). In the case of the renewable fuel, ethanol, the results for the spark-ignition engine (Otto cycle) showed an increase of 0.48 hp in power and 0.11 kgf.m in torque compared to gasoline. The ethanol-powered engine is a viable alternative and is considered a clean energy source when compared to traditional fuels (such as gasoline).

Research Implications: Issues such as sustainability, renewable energies, environmentally friendly fuels, greenhouse gas emissions, and concerns about the environment have become increasingly common and evident in the global market. This reflects a global concern for environmental preservation and the future of the planet. For academia, the constant search for new or alternative sources will always be a challenge.

Originality/Value: The proposal of an ethanol engine contributes to the reduction of pollutant gas emissions and environmental damage because ethanol, derived from sugarcane, absorbs carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide during the plant's development. This attenuates emissions since, during the ethanol burning process, the gases are only returned to the atmosphere (carbon and derivatives), unlike the burning of fossil fuels, which adds more gases to the atmosphere. Another point is that it provides an additional option for end consumers.
Use of Machine Learning Techniques in the Modeling of an Industrial Reaction System
Authors: Silva Sarah Lilian de Lima , Leite Marcos Sousa , Fernandes Thalita Cristine Ribeiro Lucas , Da Silva Sidinei Kleber , De Araújo Antonio Carlos Brandão 
Published: October 2023

Purpose: The objective of the research is to address the industrial production of hydrogen and develop the modeling and simulation of hydrogen-related industrial reaction systems using Machine Learning techniques.

Theoretical Framework: The research explores the innovation and promise of Machine Learning techniques in modeling industrial reaction systems, enabling the creation of flexible and adaptive models to deal with complexities in industrial processes.

Method/Design/Approach: The method involves the application of machine learning methods, such as linear regressions and the kriging or Gaussian process method, to develop metamodels that analyze the steps of an industrial reaction involving hydrogen.

Results and Conclusion: The results of the training and analysis have achieved satisfactory outcomes, with expected values assessed through constraint parameters for each output variable.

Research Implications: The research aims to improve real-time prediction accuracy, process variable control, and early fault detection, resulting in greater sustainability and economic efficiency in the industry.

Originality/Value: The values underpinning the research include the promotion of technological innovation, operational efficiency, and environmental sustainability, as well as valuing quality, safety, social responsibility, continuous improvement, global competitiveness, and regulatory compliance in the industry.
Accounting Demonstrations`s Contribution for Public Administration
Authors: Façanha Neto Inácio Ferreira 
Published: October 2023

Objective: This article aims to show the importance of the contribution of the demonstrations counted to public administration.

Justification: And as justification we find that public accounting is fundamental for public managers to make decisions with more efficiency, through the demonstrations you count the cash flow, that only high-quality accounting tools are available for a public or private enterprise.

Results: Given this presentation, the demonstrations are based on uniform and homogeneous criteria, so that public managers, investors, and analysts can use transparent, trust and compare information in the decision-making processes that do not show respect for public administration.

Methodology: The methodology applied was through bibliographic research through books, articles, and published monographs. Also, field research of a descriptive, quantitative, qualitative nature. Being the public managers of a public institution in the municipality of Balsas-MA, with 5 (five) dated questions, in a total of 20 interviewees.
Utilisation of Maternal Health Services and its Impact on Maternal Mortality Rate: A Case for KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Naranjee Nellie , Naidoo Vasanthrie , Krishna Suresh B. N. , Jinabhai Champaklal C. , Sibiya Maureen N. 
Published: October 2023

Despite several strategies in place in South Africa and globally to prevent maternal mortality and morbidity, maternal deaths remain high, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and lower to middle-income countries. The aim of the study was to identify the challenges that lead to pregnant women’s delays in seeking antenatal care (ANC) early and to find strategies to prevent such delays, contributing to a reduction of maternal deaths in South Africa. The study was conducted in two phases. Phase one analysed data on maternal deaths collected by the District Health Information System (DHIS) of the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health from all 11 districts over a 10-year period (2009–2019). The data on maternal deaths revealed that there was a very high maternal mortality rate; between 800 and 1 780 per 100 000 live births. This correlated with very low antenatal visits; between 695–895 per 100 000 live births. In phase two, a literature review was conducted using several computer-assisted databases, bibliographies and websites to identify and source current policies. The literature review presents causes of delay in seeking ANC and strategies to prevent maternal deaths. Recommendations were made to consider strengthening education and awareness related to family planning; women empowerment through community health programmes and change in healthcare providers’ behaviours and attitudes; ensuring availability of maternal health resources; and developing strategies to ensure that the ANC services delivered are in line with the South African Department of Health Guidelines.