bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Language and Being
Authors: McDonald Henry 
Published: May 2004

My argument is that poststructuralist and postmodernist theory carries on and intensifies the main lines of a characteristically modern tradition of aesthetics whose most important point of reference is not French structuralism – as the term, ‘poststructuralism’, implies – but the tradition of 18th-century German romanticism and idealism that culminated in the work of Heidegger during the Weimar period in Germany between the world wars and afterward. What characterizes this modernist tradition of aesthetics is its valorization of language as a mode of being possessed of an ‘ontological’ status. I place the term ‘ontology’ in quotes in order to highlight the distinction between ‘metaphysics’, with its Aristotelian and neo-Platonic connotations of a ‘chain of being’, and the more modern term ‘ontology’, which was coined in the 17th century and which became widely used during the 18th century by Leibnizian philosophers Christian Wolff and Alexander Baumgarten; the latter, not incidentally, also helped to establish modern usage of the term ‘aesthetics’. ‘Metaphysics’ and ‘ontology’ have their roots, respectively, in those two most major currents of our western heritage, the Graeco-Roman and Judaeo-Christian. These currents, although inextricably linked to one another in innumerable ways, have nonetheless been engaged, as Nietzsche put it, ‘in a fearful struggle on earth for thousands of years’ that has been obscured by Heidegger’s and Derrida’s accounts of the history of western philosophy. Such accounts have projected what is basically a romanticist critique of Enlightenment values and thought on to a totalizing account of the history of Western thought since Plato. My purpose in emphasizing the distinction between metaphysics and ontology is to provide a conceptual framework within which our understanding of the development of modern aesthetics, and the concept of language that informed that development, can be related to the larger philosophical issues at hand. Literary theorists in the United States, by endorsing Heidegger’s and Derrida’s self-serving accounts of their writings as assaults on the entire history of Western philosophy, and by failing to judge them critically as outgrowths of that history, have not only obscured these developments. They have also sustained the central tenet of American literary theory since the 1960s: that there is such a thing as a ‘Western philosophical tradition’ on the ‘other’ side of which, through an endless series of linguistic coinages and ‘erasures’, we may maneuver ourselves. My claim is that to the extent that there is such an other side, we are already on it, and that we fundamentally misunderstand our situation if we regard it as ‘other’ to the Western philosophical tradition.
Schizophrenia as a Cause of Death
Authors: Rosh A , Sampson BA , Hirsch CS 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic disorder that is associated with increased mortality. Although traumatic deaths account for most of this increase, there is also an increased rate of natural deaths in this population. Altered autonomic physiology in this group might contribute to death. To determine if there are schizophrenics in whom, after a complete autopsy, no recognizable cause of death other than schizophrenia is established, the records of the Office of Chief Medical Examiner of the City of New York were reviewed for deaths associated with schizophrenia and a natural manner of death. Six such decedents were identified, and their histories and autopsy results are described. We believe that schizophrenia per se is a potentially lethal disorder. Autonomic irregularities and their interactions with psychotropic drugs deserve further attention.
Population Affinities of 19th Century Cuban Crania: Implications for Identification Criteria in South Florida Cuban Americans
Authors: Ross AH , Slice DE , Ubelaker DH , Falsetti AB 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Identification criteria, specifically discriminant function formulae derived from traditional craniometrics, currently used in South Florida for Cuban Americans and other “Hispanic” groups, are unsuitable to provide adequate biological profiles due to complex biological histories as well as widely diverse geographic origins. Florida's total population is approximately 16 million (15,982,378) individuals. Of the total population 2,682,715, or 16.8%, are self-identified as “Hispanic”. South Florida (herein defined as Miami-Dade, Broward and Collier Counties) is home to 60% of the total Hispanic population of Florida with 1,291,737 (48.15%) residing in Miami-Dade County.
The Hispanic population of Miami-Dade County makes up 57.0% of the total population of 2,253,362. Each recognized sub-group of Hispanics (Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban) includes its own geographic point-of-origin and population history. Cuban-Americans (arriving in the late 1950's and early 1960's) make up the largest sub-population of Florida's Hispanics in any county and in Miami-Dade number 650,601 or 51% of the total Latin population. Additionally, as in other agricultural states, Florida has a very large population of undocumented workers who primarily arrive from Texas and points south of the Straits of Florida.
Thus the application of the available traditional craniometric and non-metric methods are not appropriate for South Florida's Latin population. To begin to address this issue in relation to South Florida's Cuban population, we present an analysis of cranio-facial shape variation in a 19th Century Cuban sample, 17th Century Spanish sample, a Precontact Cuban sample, and Terry Blacks using geometric morphometric methods. Significant biological shape differences and patterns of variation are observed among the groups. These results provide us with a context in which to begin to understand the biological variation of Cuban Americans, which will enable the development of identification criteria specific for this U.S. hybrid Hispanic community.
Measurement of Chemical Analytes in Vitreous Humor: Stability and Precision Studies
Authors: Gagajewski A , Murakami MM , Kloss J , Edstrom M , Hillyer M , Peterson GF , Amatuzio J , Apple FS 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
The analytic accuracy and precision for measurement of chemical analytes in vitreous humor (VH) are critical if results are to be used in forensic pathology. The purpose of our study was to demonstrate the stability and the reproducibility of VH sodium, potassium, chloride, glucose, urea nitrogen, acetone, and beta-hydroxybutyrate in specimens obtained from both eyes in medical examiner cases. We also compared with calculated VH osmolalities. Small but significant increases were observed in VH electrolyte concentrations in specimens refrigerated 6– 12 months: sodium pre 144 mmol/L, post 151 mmol/L; potassium pre 12.0 mmol/L, post 12.8 mmol/L; chloride pre 121 mmol/L, post 123 mmol/L. No differences were observed between eyes, and within-day precision for all electrolyte measurements were excellent, (&lt;1%). Frozen specimens showed significantly higher measured (439 mOsmol/kg) as compared with calculated osmolality (305 mOsmol/kg), with 1% within-day precision and no significance between eye variation for glucose and urea nitrogen. In 20 of 24 medical cases selected for possible ketoacidosis, measurement of beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations appears to be a promising diagnostic biomarker for confirming suspected ketosis in medical examiner cases by means of VH analysis.
Fatal Bupivacaine Intoxication Following Unusual Erotic Practices
Authors: Yazzie J , Kelly SC , Zumwalt RE , Kerrigan S 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
A fatal drug overdose is described which involved unusual erotic practices. A 54-year-old male was discovered supine on the floor surrounded by sexual paraphernalia, syringes, and medications including three empty bottles of bupivacaine. Acute and chronic injection sites of the external genitalia with contusions, scarring, focal necrosis, and calcification were present at autopsy. Toxicology revealed femoral blood, heart blood, and vitreous bupivacaine concentrations of 3.8, 2.8 and 1.3 mg/L, respectively. The urine bupivacaine concentration was 11.4 mg/L. The cause of death was attributed to bupivacaine intoxication and the manner of death was accidental.
Erroneous Gender Identification by the Amelogenin Sex Test
Authors: Michael A , Brauner P 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Human gender identification, based on the amelogenin gene, has important applications in forensic casework, prenatal diagnosis, DNA databasing, and blood sample storage. However, we report on the first known case, in the Israeli population, of an amelogenin sex test failure on a phenotypically normal male. He was typed as a female by both the AmpFℓSTR® SGM plus™ and GenePrint™ kits. Subsequent, karyotyping of the soldier's blood sample showed no abnormalities. These results suggest that the determination of sex, based on the amelogenin test, should be interpreted cautiously.
Evaluation of Ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine and Phenylpropanolamine Concentrations in Human Urine Samples and a Comparison of the Specificity of DRI® Amphetamines and Abuscreen® Online (KIMS) Amphetamines Screening Immunoassays
Authors: Stout PR , Klette KL , Horn CK 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of two amphetamine class screening reagents to exclude ephedrine (EPH), pseudoephedrine (PSEPH), and phenylpropanolamine (PPA) from falsely producing positive immunoassay screening results. The study also sought to characterize the prevalence and concentration distributions of EPH, PSEPH, and PPA in samples that produced positive amphetamine screening results. Approximately 27,400 randomly collected human urine samples from Navy and Marine Corps members were simultaneously screened for amphetamines using the DRI® and Abuscreen® online immunoassays at a cutoff concentration of 500 ng/mL. All samples that screened positive were confirmed for amphetamine (AMP), methamphetamine (MTH), 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), EPH, PSEPH, and PPA by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The DRI AMP immunoassay identified 1,104 presumptive amphetamine positive samples, of which only 1.99% confirmed positive for the presence of AMP, MTH, MDA, or MDMA. In contrast, the online AMP reagent identified 317 presumptive amphetamine positives with a confirmation rate for AMP, MTH, MDA, or MDMA of 7.94%. The presence of EPH, PSEPH, or PPA was confirmed in 833 of the 1,104 samples that failed to confirm positive for AMP, MTH, MDA, or MDMA; all of the 833 samples contained PSEPH. When compared to the entire screened sample set, PSEPH was present in approximately 3%, EPH in 0.9%, and PPA in 0.8% of the samples. The results indicate that cross reactivities for EPH, PSEPH, and PPA are greater than reported by the manufacturer of these reagents. The distribution of concentrations indicates that very large concentrations of EPH, PSEPH, and PPA are common.
Differentiation of Black Gel Inks Using Optical and Chemical Techniques
Authors: Wilson JD , LaPorte GM , Cantu AA 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Gel ink pens have become a common writing instrument in the United States. Questioned document examiners often attempt to optically differentiate gel inks from each other and from other non-ballpoint ink writings (e.g., those from roller-ball pens). Since early formulations were primarily pigment-based, they do not elute when analyzed by thin-layer chromatography. However, recent gel ink formulations (i.e., within the past five years) include dye-based inks that can be easily separated. This study differentiates black gel inks using optical and chemical techniques. The techniques include: microscopy, visible and near infrared reflectance, near infrared luminescence, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), spot tests, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). As a result of this study a flow chart has been developed allowing for a systematic determination of a questioned ink. In addition, an analysis of volatile compounds found in gel inks revealed that there are some unique ingredients that may be found in gel inks that are not typically found in other non-ballpoint inks.
Nutritional Status of Deceased Illicit Drug Addicts in Stockholm, Sweden—A Longitudinal Medicolegal Study
Authors: Rajs J , Petersson A , Thiblin I , Olsson-Mortlock C , Fredriksson Å , Eksborg S 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Autopsy investigations, toxicological analyses, and calculation of body mass index were performed in 1180 deceased illicit drug addicts (IDAs) in Stockholm, Sweden during 1988–2000, i.e., during a period of time when the general population in numerous countries showed a dramatic increase in the prevalence of overweight. Nutritional deficit in IDAs has been pointed out as a threat to their health as well as to their quality of life.
The prevalence of overweight in deceased IDAs increased from 27.4% in 1988 to 45.5% in 2000. The prevalence of overweight among all heroin users, heroin injectors, methadone, cocaine, and amphetamine users was 36.0, 38.4, 43.1, 45.0 and 50.9%, respectively, the lowest prevalence being among users of cannabis alone and HIV-positive IDAs (22.0 and 16.1%, respectively).
In conclusion, Stockholm's IDAs are affected by the past decade's dramatically increased prevalence of overweight, at least to the same degree as the general population. The increased body weight seems not to influence the danger of dying upon heroin administration.
Genipin—A Novel Fingerprint Reagent with Colorimetric and Fluorogenic Activity
Authors: Almog J , Cohen Y , Azoury M , Hahn T-R 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Genipin, the hydrolytic product of geniposide, which is extracted from gardenia fruit, shows good potential as a fingerprint reagent. It develops latent fingerprints on paper as blue impressions with good contrast and resolution. Even very faint impressions that are barely visible in ambient light will fluoresce brightly upon illumination at ca. 590 nm and are best viewed with a barrier filter above 630 nm. Potential advantages of genipin are the combination of colorimetric and fluorogenic activity in one reagent as well as its being a safe and environmentally friendly natural product.
A Selection of Some of Dr. McCrone's High and Low Profile Cases in the Forensic Analysis of Art
Authors: Stoney DA 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Throughout Dr. McCrone's active professional career of over 60 years, he worked on many cases involving the forensic analysis of art. This is an overview of a small portion of these cases. Included (exposed as fakes) are the Shroud of Turin, the Vinland Map, Mayan pottery illustrations and Larionov pastels. Also included, with strong support for authentication, are three paintings attributed to Manet, Giorgione, and Leonardo da Vinci.
Modellbasierte Analyse von Bioimpedanz-Verfahren (Model-based Analysis of Bioimpedance Methods)
Authors: Moissl Ulrich , Wabel Peter , Leonhardt Steffen , Isermann Rolf 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Diese Arbeit behandelt Möglichkeiten und Grenzen von Impedanz-Verfahren anhand zweier ausgewählter Beispiele: der Bioimpedanzspektroskopie zur Bestimmung von extra- und intrazellulären Flüssigkeitsvolumina, und der Impedanzkardiografie zur Berechnung des Schlagvolumens eines Herzschlages. Schwerpunkt liegt auf der Modellierung der physikalischen Prozesse, die den jeweiligen Verfahren zu Grunde liegen.
Geburtensimulator mit multimodaler Interaktion (Delivery Simulator with Multimodal Interaction)
Authors: Obst Tobias , Burgkart Rainer , Ruckhäberle Eugen , Riener Robert 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Der Beitrag bietet einen grundlegenden Überblick über das Potential der Techniken der Multimodalen Virtuellen Realität (MVR) in der medizinischen Ausbildung am Beispiel der Geburtshilfe. Die Studie zeigt, wie das Konzept der MVR von einer zeitunabhängigen Simulationsumgebung, z.B. die des Münchner Kniesimulators, auf eine zeitkritische Umgebung, ähnlich eines Flugsimulators, umgesetzt werden kann. Der Simulator verfügt über eine haptische, eine grafische und eine akustische Schnittstelle zum Anwender. Dabei ist sowohl ein biomechanisches Modell, das den Geburtsablauf repräsentiert, als auch ein physiologisches Modell von Mutter und Kind, worin ein Wehenschreiber (CTG) simuliert wird, hinterlegt. Der Anwender kann hierdurch eine komplikationslose Geburt, als auch problematische Geburtsabläufe beobachten und simulativ therapieren. Hierzu stehen ihm als Behandlungsmöglichkeiten die wichtigsten Medikamente als auch die Zangen- bzw. Vakuum-Extraktion zur Verfügung. In dieser praktischen Ausbildung wird der Lernende durch das MVR Feedback-System unterstützt, das ihm seine Fehler aufzeigt und ihm dadurch erlaubt, schneller zu lernen, ohne eine reale Patientin oder den Fetus zu gefährden. Durch dieses Konzept wird es erstmals möglich, gespeichertes haptisches Expertenwissen direkt an den Auszubildenden weiterzugeben.
Bewährte und neue Schwerpunkte auf der Ludwigsburger Sensortagung 2004
Authors: Gerlach Gerald , Kohl Claus-Dieter 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Tagung "Sensoren und Messsysteme 2004" vom 15. bis 16. März 2004 präsentierte unter anderem das Gebiet Luftgütesensoren
Sensoren und Aktoren zur bedarfsgerechten Lüftung (Sensors and Actuators for a Demand-driven Air Ventilation)
Authors: Horn Michael 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Die Konzentration anthropogen erzeugter Stoffe erreicht bei der Anwesenheit von Personen in energiesparenden und damit zunehmend luftdichten Wohngebäuden sehr schnell unzulässige Werte. Lüftung führt zu Energieverlust und Immission und muss daher bedarfsgerecht durchgeführt sowie überwacht werden. Die zulässigen Grenzwerte für die Bestandteile “guter” Luft sind zwar in Vorschriften definiert, aber wegen des Aufwandes nicht komplett kontrollierbar. Daher muss das Spektrum der kontrollierten Komponenten durch Szenarien mit hinreichender Wahrscheinlichkeit und die Definition von Leitsubstanzen eingeschränkt werden. Die für den Betrieb von Lüftungsgeräten notwendigen Messgrößen müssen im Smart Home ohne die im industriellen Bereich übliche regelmäßige Wartung preisgünstig, mit hinreichender Genauigkeit und hoher Langzeitstabilität gemessen werden. Dazu sind neue “smart sensors” notwendig, deren Eigenschaften an die besonderen Anforderungen im privaten Lebensbereich angepasst werden können.
Welche Geruchsstoffe (zyklische Kohlenwasserstoffe) erkennt ein oxidischer Gassensor? (Odour Constituents Detectible by Oxidic Gas Sensors)
Authors: Kohl Claus-Dieter , Eberheim Andreas , Schieberle Peter 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Die Reaktion von Zinnoxid-Sensorschichten auf zyklische Kohlenwasserstoffe in Luft wurde untersucht. Besonderes Interesse galt dabei Verbindungen, die sich aus der Umsetzung natürlicher Materialien wie Papier oder Holz in Verschwelungs- oder Verbrennungsprozessen ergeben. Besonders hohe Nachweisempfindlichkeiten wurden für Phenolringe gefunden, die Hydroxylgruppen aufweisen. Dazu gehören Methoxyphenole und Phenyldiole. Der Einfluss weiterer Substituenten am Phenolring wird an Beispielen illustriert und mit dem Ladungstransfer dieser Gruppen korreliert.
Schnelle Gasspektroskopie mit gepulsten Quantenkaskadenlasern für die Luftgütemessung (Fast Gas Spectroscopy with Pulsed Quantum Cascade Lasers for Air Quality Measurement)
Authors: Lambrecht Armin , Beyer Thomas , Braun Marcus , Peter Andreas , Hartwig Susanne 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Quantenkaskadenlaser (QCL) sind neuartige Laserstrahlquellen im mittleren Infrarot (MIR, 3–30μm). Damit können kompakte und hochempfindliche Laserspektroskopiesysteme ohne aufwändige Kühlung aufgebaut werden. Mit gepulsten QCLs sind Messraten im Bereich 10–100 kHz möglich. Bei Messungen mit den Gasen CO2, NO und NH3 werden Nachweisgrenzen unter 1 ppm·m erreicht. Das Verfahren eignet sich für offene Messstrecken und liefert eine simultane Wegmessung.
Ausgleichskreise in der Ebene (Least-square Circles in the Plane)
Authors: Krystek Michael 
Published: May 2004

Abstract
Bei der Auswertung von Messdaten ist es manchmal notwendig, Ausgleichskreise in der Ebene zu berechnen. Der Ausgleich soll dabei derart sein, dass die Summe der Quadrate der Abstände senkrecht zum Ausgleichskreis zu einem Minimum wird. Hier wird der Algorithmus des vollständigen Ausgleichs durch einen Kreis in der Ebene hergeleitet. Für den Praktiker wird zusätzlich eine C-Routine angegeben.
Exercise Interventions for Depression, Anxiety, and Quality of Life in Older Adults With Cancer
Authors: Soong Rou Yi , Low Chen Ee , Ong Vanessa , Sim Isaac , Lee Charmaine , Lee Fattah , Chew Lucas , Yau Chun En , Lee Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin , Chen Matthew Zhixuan 
Published: February 2025

ImportanceCancer and its treatment negatively impact the mental health of older adults. The potential of exercise interventions as a complementary treatment to alleviate the psychological impacts of cancer is promising, but there are gaps in the current literature.ObjectiveTo determine if exercise interventions are associated with improvements in psychological outcomes among older adults with cancer.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane databases were searched from database inception to November 5, 2024. Search terms used were geriatrics, cancer, depression, anxiety, quality of life, and exercise interventions.Study SelectionEnglish-language randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that analyzed the association of various exercise interventions with at least 1 of 3 psychological outcomes (depression, anxiety, or health-related quality-of-life [HRQOL]) were included. The control groups were given usual care. Studies were included if the mean age of participants was older than 60 years and had participants with a diagnosis of any cancer regardless of comorbidities.Data Extraction and SynthesisStudies were screened, and data were extracted by 2 independent authors. Random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions were used for analysis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline was followed.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes were depression, anxiety, and HRQOL. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was used to quantify the association of exercise interventions with outcomes.ResultsA total of 27 RCTs with 1929 participants were included. Meta-analyses observed an association of exercise with a significant reduction in levels of depression (SMD = −0.53; 95% CI, −0.79 to −0.28) and anxiety (SMD = −0.39; 95% CI, −0.66 to −0.12) and improvements in overall HRQOL (SMD = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.10 to 1.17). Subgroup analyses revealed that mind-body exercise interventions were significantly associated with improved depression (SMD = −0.89; 95% CI, −1.51 to −0.27) and anxiety levels (SMD = −0.77; 95% CI, −1.54 to −0.01) compared with conventional exercise interventions.ConclusionIn this systematic review and meta-analysis of 27 RCTs, exercise interventions were found to be associated with significantly reduced levels of depression and anxiety and significantly improved HRQOL in older adults with cancer. These findings suggest that health care professionals and policymakers should focus more on implementing exercise interventions to improve mental health outcomes in this vulnerable population.