bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Consensus-Based Alternating Direction Method for Mixed-Integer and PDE-Constrained Gas Transport Problems
Authors: Krug Richard , Leugering Günter , Martin Alexander , Schmidt Martin , Weninger Dieter 
Published: October 2023

We consider dynamic gas transport optimization problems, which lead to large-scale and nonconvex mixed-integer nonlinear optimization problems (MINLPs) on graphs. Usually, the resulting instances are too challenging to be solved by state-of-the-art MINLP solvers. In this paper, we use graph decompositions to obtain multiple optimization problems on smaller blocks, which can be solved in parallel and may result in simpler classes of optimization problems because not every block necessarily contains mixed-integer or nonlinear aspects. For achieving feasibility at the interfaces of the several blocks, we employ a tailored consensus-based penalty alternating direction method. Our numerical results show that such decomposition techniques can outperform the baseline approach of just solving the overall MINLP from scratch. However, a complete answer to the question of how to decompose MINLPs on graphs in dependence of the given model is still an open topic for future research. History: Accepted by Andrea Lodi, Area Editor for Design & Analysis of Algorithms–Discrete. Funding: This work was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Grant TRR 154].
Nexus Evaluation Primary Trident II UNcemented shEll (NEPTUNE)
Authors: Hamilton David F. , Gaston Paul , Macpherson Gavin J. , Simpson Philip , Clement Nick D. 
Published: October 2023

AimsThe primary aim of this study is to assess the survival of the uncemented hydroxyapatite (HA) coated Trident II acetabular component as part of a hybrid total hip arthroplasty (THA) using a cemented Exeter stem. The secondary aims are to assess the complications, joint-specific function, health-related quality of life, and radiological signs of loosening of the acetabular component.MethodsA single-centre, prospective cohort study of 125 implants will be undertaken. Patients undergoing hybrid THA at the study centre will be recruited. Inclusion criteria are patients suitable for the use of the uncemented acetabular component, aged 18 to 75 years, willing and able to comply with the study protocol, and provide informed consent. Exclusion criteria includes patients not meeting study inclusion criteria, inadequate bone stock to support fixation of the prosthesis, a BMI > 40 kg/m2, or THA performed for pain relief in those with severely restricted mobility.ResultsImplant survival, complications, functional outcomes and radiological assessment up to ten years following index THA (one, two, five, seven, and ten years) will be performed. Functional assessment will include the Oxford Hip Score, Forgotten Joint Score, 12-Item Short Form Health Survey, EuroQol five-dimension health questionnaire, and pain and patient satisfaction. Radiological assessment with assess for acetabula lucent lines, lysis, and loosening according to DeLee and Charnley zones.ConclusionThis study is part of a stepwise introduction of a new device to orthopaedic practice, and careful monitoring of implants should be carried out as part of the Beyond Compliance principles. The results of this study will provide functional, radiological, and survival data to either support the ongoing use of the HA acetabulum or highlight potential limitations of this new implant before wide adoption.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(10):782–790.
Anti-resonant fiber with high-resistivity silicon for THz wave transmission
Authors: Liu Qiang , Sun Guangrong , Sun Yudan , Liu Wei , Ma Chao , Li Wenjing , Wang Kaiyu , Lv Jingwei , Chu Paul K. , Liu Chao 
Published: October 2023

A novel anti-resonant fiber for low-loss terahertz waveguides is proposed and analyzed. The terahertz fiber uses high-resistivity silicon as the bulk material and nine nested double-layer concentric circular tubes in the cladding to reduce propagation losses. The effects of the geometric parameters on the propagation characteristics are analyzed by the finite element method. The result indicates that an ultra-low total loss of 4.9×10−4dB/m is achieved at f=1THz. The low-loss propagation window is 0.48 THz ranging from 0.6 to 1.4 THz. In addition, the influence of mechanical bending on the propagation loss is investigated and the bending loss can be maintained at less than 7.3×10−3dB/m at f=1THz even if the bending radius is larger than 60 cm. The properties of this anti-resonant fiber are significantly superior to those of previously reported structures and the fiber thus has large commercial potential.
Mid-infrared spectroscopy with a broadly tunable thin-film lithium niobate optical parametric oscillator
Authors: Hwang Alexander Y. , Stokowski Hubert S. , Park Taewon , Jankowski Marc , McKenna Timothy P. , Langrock Carsten , Mishra Jatadhari , Ansari Vahid , Fejer Martin M. , Safavi-Naeini Amir H. 
Published: October 2023

Mid-infrared spectroscopy, an important technique for sensing molecules, has encountered barriers from sources either limited in tuning range or excessively bulky for widespread use. We present a compact, efficient, and broadly tunable optical parametric oscillator surmounting these challenges. Leveraging dispersion-engineered thin-film lithium niobate-on-sapphire photonics and a singly resonant cavity allows broad, controlled tuning over an octave from 1.5–3.3 µm. The device generates >25mW of mid-infrared light at 3.2 µm with 15% conversion efficiency. The ability to precisely control the device’s mid-infrared emission enables spectroscopy of methane and ammonia, demonstrating our approach’s relevance for sensing. Our work signifies an important advance in nonlinear photonics miniaturization, bringing practical field applications of high-speed, broadband mid-infrared spectroscopy closer to reality.
A case-control study of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor use and Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias among male and female patients aged 65 years and older supporting the need for a phase III clinical trial
Authors: Henry David S. , Pellegrino Richard G. 
Published: October 2023

Background
Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5i) have been evaluated as a novel treatment for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD), but two recent cohort studies have offered opposing conclusions.

Methods
We performed an unmatched case-control study using electronic medical records from a large healthcare system to evaluate the association of PDE5i use and ADRD in patients ≥65 years old.

Results
Odds of PDE5i exposure were 64.2%, 55.7%, and 54.0% lower in patients with ADRD than controls among populations with erectile dysfunction, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and pulmonary hypertension, respectively. We observed odds ratios less than unity among males and females and with exposure to the PDE5i sildenafil (Viagra®) and tadalafil (Cialis®). We also evaluated the odds of exposure to two other common treatments for pulmonary hypertension: endothelin receptor antagonists (ERA) and calcium channel blockers (CCB). The odds of ERA exposure were 63.2% lower, but the odds of CCB exposure were 30.7% higher, in patients with ADRD than controls among the population with pulmonary hypertension.

Conclusions
Our results reconcile the opposing conclusions from the previous observational studies and support further research into using PDE5i for prevention and treatment of ADRD.
An Unusual Case of Dual Pancreatic Tumors
Authors: Chatterjee Tulika , Reddy Yeshaswini , Badshah Maaz , Puli Srinivas 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We report a simultaneous occurrence of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. A 64-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain and weight loss. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a pancreatic head mass with a mesenteric artery encasement. Endoscopic ultrasound revealed a second mass in the tail of the pancreas. Pathology reported adenocarcinoma of the head of the pancreas and a neuroendocrine tumor in the tail of the pancreas. The neuroendocrine tumor was nonfunctional, with no symptoms or signs present on assessment. The patient had advanced unresectable carcinoma, so she was treated with chemotherapy.
Efficacy and safety of long-term use of low molecular weight heparins in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Seredavkina N. V. , Cheldieva F. A. , Shumilova A. A. , Reshetnyak T. M. 
Published: October 2023

To date, the management of patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) with ineffectiveness and/or intolerance to vitamin K antagonists and direct oral anticoagulants remains controversial. One of the treatment strategies is the administration of low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) over a long period of time. Objective: to evaluate the efefficacy and safety of long-term treatment with LMWH in patients with APS. Material and methods. The study included 15 patients (13 women and 2 men) with APS. In 2 of them APS was isolated, in 12 it was combined with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and in 1 – with SLE and psoriatic arthritis. The mean age of patients was 44 ± 12 years, and the mean duration of disease was 12 [6; 18] years. All patients were repeatedly examined in the V. A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology during hospitalizations and continued outpatient care in the clinical diagnostic center of the Institute. Results and discussion. Ten (67 %) patients received nadroparin, 5 (33 %) patients received enoxaparin. The median duration of therapy was 4 [1; 10] years. Indications for the use of LMWH were inefficacy and intolerance of oral anticoagulants (n = 12, 100 %) and vascular involvement such as thromboangiitis obliterans with the development of chronic arterial insufficiency, ulcers and necrosis of the toes (n = 6, 40 %). During therapy, 13 (86 %) of 15 patients showed clinical improvement: healing of ulcers and necrosis, reduction in the stage of arterial insufficiency, recanalization of venous blood clots. During the entire treatment period with LMWH, one patient experienced a relapse of thrombosis due to an insufficient dose of the drug. No hemorrhagic complications occurred in any case. Other adverse events, including elevated liver aminotransferases, osteoporosis, and thrombocytopenia, were also not observed. Conclusion. The results obtained suggest that long-term therapy with LMWH may be safe and effective in patients with APS.
Long-term results of therapy with sequential use of rituximab and belimumab in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Solovyev S. K. , Mesnyankina A. A. , Aseeva E. A. , Nikishina N. Yu. 
Published: October 2023

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of combination therapy with rituximab (RTM) and belimumab (BLM) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) during long-term follow-up. Material and methods. Twelve patients with definite high- and moderate activity SLE were included in the study. Nine of them had skin and joint manifestations, and the others had renal, peripheral nervous system involvement, and vasculitis. Patients received RTM at a dose of 500–2000 mg with premedication with 6-methylprednisolone and then BLM according to the standard regimen of 10 mg/kg once a month. Patients were divided into two groups according to the timing of assessment of long-term outcomes. In the 1st group, data were evaluated after 7–9 years (n = 4), and in the 2nd group – after 2–4 years (n = 8) after the prescription of biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs). Efficacy and tolerability of therapy, SLE activity, and dose of oral glucocorticoids (GC) were evaluated. Results and discussion. Against the background of combination therapy, clinical and immunological response was achieved in 11 of 12 patients after one year (median SLEDAI-2K at baseline – 10 [9.5; 14.5] points, 6 and 12 months after administratrion of BLM – 4 [2; 6] points). When bDMARDs were prescribed in the first two years of the disease, patients responded better to therapy and showed more significant positive dynamics in clinical and laboratory parameters. Subsequently, BLM therapy was limited to an average of 2 years, during which a stable remission was achieved. Prescribing bDMARDs allowed GC to be used as initial therapy in an exacerbation of SLE in medium and low doses (subsequently further reduced). Clinical remission was achieved and maintained in 7 patients, exacerbation at different time points after discontinuation of bDMARDs occurred in 3 patients, efficacy waned in one patient, and no result was achieved with combination therapy in another patient. Conclusion. The most pronounced positive result can be expected when a bDMARDs are prescribed as early as possible after diagnosis of SLE (in the first 2 years of the disease). It is advisable to administer BLM infusions as recommended once a month without long breaks between injections for at least 2 years and to continue until a durable effect is achieved. The use of low-dose GC and its discontinuation is an achievable goal, but careful monitoring of patients is needed to detect early symptoms of exacerbation.
Association of IRF5 (rs2004640), STAT4 (rs7574865), and TNFAIP3 (rs6920220, rs2230926) gene polymorphisms with primary Sjögren's syndrome and its complication, MALT-lymphoma
Authors: Guseva I. A. , Torgashina A. V. , Khvan J. I. , Krylov M. Yu. , Samarkina E. Yu. , Konovalova N. V. , Varlamov D. A. 
Published: October 2023

In recent years, more and more data have emerged confirming the contribution of non-HLA genetic markers to the predisposition to thedevelopment of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and its severe complication, MALT-lymphoma. Objective: to study the association of polymorphisms of IRF5 (rs2004640), STAT4 (rs7574865), and TNFAIP3 (rs6920220, rs2230926) genes with predisposition to the development of SS and MALT-lymphoma. Materials and methods. The study included 80 patients with SS and 103 individuals in the control group. Sixteen patients were diagnosed with MALT-lymphoma. Genotyping of polymorphisms of IRF5 (rs2004640), STAT4 (rs7574865), TNFAIP3 (rs6920220, rs2230926) genes was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction using original allele-specific probes labeled with different fluorescent labels. Results and discussion. The distribution of genotypes and alleles of the STAT4 gene differed statistically significantly in the study and control groups of patients (p = 0.0005 and p = 0.0001, respectively). The presence of the homozygous TT genotype increased the risk of developing SS more than eightfold compared to TG+GG genotypes (odds ratio, OR=8.2; 95 % confidence interval, CI 2.5–30.0; p=0.0001)]. The polymorphism of the TNFAIP3 rs2230926 gene was also associated with the risk of developing SS: the presence of the TG genotype significantly increased the probability of developing SS compared to the TT genotype (OR 6.4; 95% CI 1.2–44.3; p = 0.01). The development of MALT-lymphoma was associated with the rs6920220 polymorphism of the TNFAIP3 gene. In 10 out of 16 patients with MALT-lymphoma (62.5 %) at least one minor A allele (AA+GA) was detected, while in patients without MALT-lymphoma only in 32.8 % of patients at least one minor A allele was detected (OR=3.4, CI 1.1–10.7; p=0.03). In addition, a correlation was found between the rs7574865 TT genotype of the STAT4 gene and the risk of developing severe leukopenia in SS, which was significantly more frequent in carriers of the TT genotype than in individuals with the GG + GT genotype (OR 4.9; 95 % CI 1.7–14.4; p = 0.004). Polymorphism of the IRF5 gene (rs2004640) was not associated with risk of developing SS or with clinical manifestations of the disease. Conclusion. Polymorphisms rs7574865 of STAT4 gene, rs6920220, rs2230926 of TNFAIP3 gene are associated either with the risk of developing SS or with severe complications of the disease, MALT-lymphoma and leukopenia.
Adverse events that occurred in patients with rheumatoid arthritis during long-term follow-up
Authors: Dydykina I. S. , Postnikova P. O. , Kovalenko P. S. , Glukhova S. I. , Lila A. M. 
Published: October 2023

Comorbid diseases and adverse events that occur in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) negatively affect the outcomes of RA (radiological progression, joint function, the occurrence of low-energy fractures, thrombotic events, etc.). Objective: to study the structure of comorbid diseases and adverse events that occurred in patients with RA over the period of long-term prospective follow-up, to study the impact of these events on the dynamics of the functional status and working capacity of patients. Materials and methods. Аn open, cohort, prospective, long-term non-interventional study included 103 women with a definite diagnosis of RA (mean age 63.5 ± 8.3 years, follow-up period 8,5 ± 1,3 years). At baseline and in dynamics, standard laboratory and X-ray examinations were carried out. Results and discussion. There was a decrease in the DAS28 index and the number of patients with high or moderate activity [from 82 (85 %) to 67 (69 %), p = 0.02] against the background of an increase in the number of patients with remission or low activity [from 15 (15 %) to 30 (31 %), p = 0.012], at the same time there was an increase in the number of patients with ankylosis of joints [from 25 (24 %) to 41 (40 %), p = 0.017], functional class III [from 3 (3 %) to 15 (15 %), p=0.004], concomitant diseases [from 81 (79 %) to 94 (91 %), p = 0.015], thrombotic events [from 7 (7 %) to 18 (17 %), p = 0.027]. In 43 (42 %) patients 55 low-energy fractures were registered, in 24 (56 %) of them fractures occurred for the first time and in 19 (44 %) – repeatedly. Conclusion. As the prospective long-term follow-up shows, despite the decrease in RA activity, the number of patients with ankylosis, joint dysfunction and concomitant diseases increased. In the structure of concomitant diseases coronary heart disease and arterial hypertension dominated. A high incidence of thrombotic events, repeated and first-time low-energy fractures was noted. The number of disabled patients increased fivefold.
Chronic hepatitis B in hospitalized rheumatologic patients: problems of screening and reactivation of infection
Authors: Gridneva G. I. , Aronova E. S. , Belov B. S. 
Published: October 2023

Objective: to evaluate the completeness of screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in HBsAg-positive patients admitted to a rheumatology hospital and to follow the history of HBV reactivation/seroversion during antirheumatic therapy. Material and methods. The results of initial and repeated (if applicable) hospitalizations were analyzed in 80 patients with rheumatic diseases (RD), including 55 (69%) women and 25 (31 %) men, with Australian surface antigen (HBsAg), admitted to the V.A. Nasonova Institute of Rheumatology from January 1, 2020 to July 20, 2022 (30 months). Results and discussion. The total number of hospitalizations to the clinic during the observation period, including repeat admissions, was 13,681. The number of hospitalizations in 80 patients with HBV infection during the observation period, including repeat admissions, was 144, of which for systemic vasculitis – 6 (8 %), other systemic connective tissue diseases – 16 (20 %), osteoarthritis and post-traumatic changes of joints – 14 (15 %), inflammatory joint diseases – 42 (54 %). Cases of HBV reactivation/seroverion, both in anamnesis and during observation, were detected in 9 (11 %) patients, and most frequently (n = 5) they were registered during methotrexate therapy. Conclusion. HBV infection in patients with RD leads to significant difficulties in the selection of drug therapy, due to the risk of reactivation of the infection. The results obtained indicate incomplete screening of patients with RD for HBV infection during the preclinical phase. Further investigation is needed to develop clear recommendations for the management of patients with RD infected with HBV.
Results of a clinical study of Traumeel® S and Zeel® T in patients with knee osteoarthritis and concomitant cardiovascular disease
Authors: Alekseeva L. I. , Mazurov V. I. , Zonova E. V. , Ershova O. B. , Reshetko O. V. 
Published: October 2023

Objective: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of simultaneous intramuscular administration of Traumeel® S and Zeel® T followed by therapy with the tablet medication Zeel® T in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and concomitant cardiovascular diseases. Material and methods. The analysis included 119 patients aged 45–79 years (78.2 % women and 21.8 % men) with confirmed diagnosis of knee OA according to Altman criteria, stage II–III according to Kellgren–Lawrence and confirmed cardiovascular disease. The main indicator of efficacy was the change in pain intensity in the target knee joint according to the “Pain” subscale of the WOMAC questionnaire (A) at the final examination compared to the baseline. Other criteria were the dynamics of each symptom of knee OA according to the WOMAC questionnaire (pain, stiffness, and functional impairment, total score) on each visit, pain intensity in the target joint on a visual analogue scale (VAS), time it takes to travel 15 m, and the patient's overall disease assessment on the VAS. In addition, duration of use and dose of paracetamol (if used) were assessed, as well as quality of life by EuroQol and adverse events (AEs). Treatment safety was also analyzed in patients who had received at least one dose of the study drug. Results and discussion. WOMAC pain intensity decreased by on average of 3.8 points: from 7.6 to 3.8 points (95 % confidence interval, CI from -4.3 to -3.3). Data on changes in knee OA symptoms (pain, stiffness, and functional impairment) for each WOMAC subscale and the total score showed significant improvement at each follow-up visit (p < 0.0001). The VAS pain level decreased by 52%. An improvement in joint function was noted: the time it takes to travel 15 m fell from 19.5 to 16.4 s (p < 0.0001). The EuroQol quality of life score also improved from 57.1 ± 16.2 points at baseline to 71.1 ± 14.8 points on the 84<sup>th</sup> day of therapy. Thirty (25.2 %) patients had AEs, mainly neurological: headache (7.6 %) and hypoesthesia (1.7 %). No serious AEs were recorded. An association between AEs and study drug use was noted in 4 patients (headache, hypoesthesia, muscle cramps, and injection site pain). Conclusion. The results of the study confirm the efficacy and safety of the use of Traumeel® S and Zeel® T in patients with knee OA who have concomitant cardiovascular disease. During therapy, a significant decrease in pain and other clinical signs of OA (stiffness, limitation of physical activity) was observed, which allows us to recommend this treatment regimen for patients with comorbid pathology, as well as with the risk of developing of AEs during non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs therapy.