bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rearing house crickets on substrates enriched by flaxseed and rapeseed oils: the more the better?
Authors: Kulma M. , Kurečka M. , Červek M. , Ota A. , Škvorová P. , Kotı́ková Z. , Michlová T. , Praus L. , Kouřimská L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Diet is one of the most important factors influencing the chemical composition of edible insects. In this study, soybean meal and soybean oil were partially replaced with rapeseed pomace, rapeseed oil, or flaxseed oil in the insect diet. House crickets were provided with enriched diets for their whole life, ten, or five days before harvest to assess the effect of the supplement over time. The replacement of soybean oil with either rapeseed or a combination of rapeseed and flaxseed oils resulted in decreased levels of saturated fatty acids and increased levels of linolenic acid and mono unsaturated fatty acids. The longer the supplementation period, the higher the mono unsaturated fatty acids and the lower the saturated fatty acid levels. The dietary enrichment also led to increases in α- and γ-tocopherols. While short-term supplementation with cricket feed did not lead to significant changes in the mineral profile, whole-life provision of enriched feed led to decreased levels of Fe, Cu, and Zn and increased Mg in the crickets. Whole-life diet supplementation also resulted in higher harvest yields.
Comparison of DNA-based methods for the detection of meat feeding in Alphitobius diaperinus larvae
Authors: Asendorf T. , Wind C. , Rullmann A. , Vilcinskas A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Insects are widely consumed as a source of protein, and several species of edible insects have been approved as novel foods for the European market in the last decade. The feeding of farmed animals, including edible insects, with products of animal origin is prohibited by the Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy (TSE) Regulation (EU) 999/2001 and the EU Animal By-Products (ABP) Regulation (EC) 1069/2009. Accordingly, methods are needed to detect and exclude insects fed on animal-derived products. Multiple tests based on the detection of DNA have been developed, but their use for the characterisation of insect-derived foods has not been assessed rigorously. Here, we compared a range of DNA-based methods for the detection of vertebrate DNA residues in edible insects. We fed larvae of the lesser mealworm (Alphitobius diaperinus) on diets containing pork and chicken meat, and analysed samples by multiplex PCR with Sanger sequencing, real-time PCR, DNA biochips, and both short-read and long-read next-generation sequencing. We present a workflow for the efficient detection of meat and/or poultry feeding in edible insects. This workflow can be used in validated food surveillance measures to protect consumers from deception and to ensure compliance with current regulations covering the feeding of edible insects.
On the Link between Taxes and Incentives in the Choice of Business Form: The Case of Partnerships
Authors: HALPERIN ROBERT , MAINDIRATTA AJAY 
Published: January 2025

This paper analytically explores the link between taxes and incentives in the choice of business form under the system of taxation found in the United States. Specifically, it analyzes when a group of investors, regardless of their own business form, will form a partnership with a manager, in which the manager is a general partner, instead of hiring him as an independent contractor. Under conditions of certainty, or more generally in the absence of incentive considerations, the partnership and independent contractor forms are shown to be equivalent; there are no tax savings derived from making the manager a partner. When incentive considerations are present, the independent contractor form is shown to weakly dominate the partnership form as long as the terminal value of the venture is not incrementally informative about the manager’s actions. When this is not the case, the partnership form may dominate.
The 9-item Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-9) has adequate measurement properties in patients with chronic low back pain
Authors: Morais Daniel Nunes , Pontes-Silva André , Barreto Felipe Souza , Pinheiro Jocassia Silva , Oliveira Leonardo Antônio Santos de , Bassi-Dibai Daniela , Fidelis-de-Paula-Gomes Cid André , Avila Mariana Arias , Dibai-Filho Almir Vieira 
Published: January 2025

Objective To assess the test–retest reliability, internal consistency, and construct validity of the 9-item Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia in patients with chronic low back pain. Design Questionnaire validation study. Setting Study was conducted in an online environment. Participants We included people aged 18 to 50 years with self-reported low back pain lasting > three months and assessed the Pain-Related Catastrophizing Thoughts Scale and the 9-item Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia. Main measures We used intraclass correlation coefficient, standard error of measurement, minimum detectable change, and Cronbach's alpha to assess the reliability and internal consistency of the 9-item Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia. We tested correlations between the domains of the 9-item Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia and the other variables to assess construct validity. Results A total of 174 participants with chronic low back pain were included in the analysis. No ceiling or floor effect was found. In terms of construct validity, there was a positive correlation between the domains of the 9-item Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia and the other variables. In the reliability analysis, there was adequate test–retest reliability of the two domains of the 9-item Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia: intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.99, standard error of measurement = 3.4%, and minimum detectable change = 9.6% for the activity avoidance domain; and intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.99, standard error of measurement = 3.5%, and minimum detectable change = 9.9% for the somatic focus domain. There was acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha ≥ 0.68) for both domains. Conclusion The 9-item Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia has adequate measurement properties in patients with chronic low back pain.
Comparison of Interportal and Periportal Capsulotomies and Axial Distraction Resistance During Hip Arthroscopy: An In Vivo Propensity-Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Featherall Joseph , Metz Allan K. , Rosenthal Reece M. , Khalil Ameen Z. , Johnson Benjamin T. , Froerer Devin L. , Mortensen Alexander J. , Aoki Stephen K. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Intraoperative hip capsule management is increasingly recognized as an important component of hip arthroscopy for the prevention of capsular-related instability. The periportal capsulotomy, relative to the interportal capsulotomy, has been proposed as a minimally invasive technique for decreasing postarthroscopy hip instability; however, the biomechanical effects of this technique are not well established. Purpose/Hypothesis: This study aimed to provide a biomechanical characterization of interportal and periportal capsulotomies, helping inform surgeon choice of capsulotomy type and repair, potentially guiding clinical practice in hip arthroscopy. The authors hypothesized that the periportal capsulotomy would demonstrate greater resistance to axial distraction in all capsular states. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients undergoing primary hip arthroscopy by a single surgeon underwent intraoperative axial distraction testing at 25-, 50-, 75-, and 100-pound force intervals, with each axial distraction distance measured by standardized fluoroscopic evaluation. Propensity matching was conducted between the periportal group and the interportal group using native state distraction, lateral center-edge angle, and sex as covariates to achieve balance between groups. Between-group comparisons of distraction distances were then conducted using the Student t test and Fisher exact test. Results: In total, 74 interportal capsulotomies and 124 periportal capsulotomies were identified. Propensity matching yielded 74 hips in each group. Demographic and radiographic characteristics were similar between matched cohorts ( P > .05). An unrepaired interportal capsulotomy led to an increase in hip distraction of 2.74 mm at 100 lbf ( P < .001) compared with the native state, whereas unrepaired periportal capsulotomy led to an increase of 2.43 mm at 100 lbf ( P < .001). Distraction distances were similar between the interportal and periportal groups in both the capsulotomy and repair states ( P > .05), while the periportal capsulotomy repair demonstrated decreased hip distraction distance when compared with the native state by 1.37 mm at 75 lbf and 1.45 mm at 100 lbf ( P < .001). Conclusion: In a propensity-matched cohort analysis, an unrepaired periportal capsulotomy and interportal capsulotomy have similar effects on increasing hip axial distraction distance intraoperatively. Performing a capsular repair restores intraoperative resistance to axial distraction in both procedures. Despite the minimal disruption of the capsule with periportal techniques, repair is required for restoration of native biomechanics.
Concepts of Suffering at the End of Life Amongst Emergency, Palliative Care and Geriatric Medicine Physicians in Malaysia
Authors: Sinnathamby Annushkha , Ong Yun Ting , Lim Shu Xian , Hiew Aaron Wi Han , Ng Sing Yee , Chee Joyce Huimin , Tan Mark Kiak Min , Abdul Hamid Nur Amira Binte , Ong Simon Yew Kuang , Krishna Lalit Kumar Radha 
Published: January 2025

Background Palliative Care, Geriatrics and Emergency physicians are exposed to death, terminally ill patients and distress of patients and their families. As physicians bear witness to patients’ suffering, they are vulnerable to the costs of caring—the emotional distress associated with providing compassionate and empathetic care to patients. If left unattended, this may culminate in burnout and compromise professional identity. This study aims to provide a better understanding of suffering across various practice settings and specialties to guide the design of support frameworks for physicians and their patients. Methods From August 2023 to September 2024, semi-structured interviews were conducted with sixteen Palliative Care, 12 Geriatrics and 13 Emergency physicians from various hospitals in Malaysia. Interview transcripts were analyzed using both inductive and deductive qualitative analyses. Results Data analysis revealed three key domains: (1) living and dying well, (2) definition of suffering, and (3) impact of patient suffering on physicians. Conclusion Physicians’ concepts of a good life and death frame their notions of suffering beyond the antithesis of a good life. Suffering is found to be distress at a loss of control, independence and dignity, alongside the presence of physical, emotional and existential distress. Witnessing patient suffering predisposes to physician suffering as they question their goals and roles in patient care. Our findings underscore the need for host organizations, hospitals and clinical departments to invest more in the care of their physicians. We believe these findings ought to be applicable to many resource-limited nations and other health care professionals beyond Malaysian shores.
Two-Year Progressive Cranial Changes Following the Melbourne Technique for Sagittal Craniosynostosis
Authors: Harrison Lucas M. , Prezelski Kayla , Hallac Rami R. , Kane Alex A. , Sanati-Mehrizy Paymon 
Published: January 2025

Objective The Melbourne technique for total cranial vault remodeling aims to address all aspects of scaphocephaly in sagittal craniosynostosis. These features include anterior–posterior excessive length, anteriorly displaced vertex position, frontal bossing, vertex narrowing, and occipital bulleting. This study aimed to determine the progressive cranial changes that occur following the Melbourne technique for sagittal craniosynostosis. Design Retrospective review of 3-dimensional images collected preoperatively and postoperatively at 3 weeks, 3 months, 1 year, and 2 years. Setting Tertiary care pediatric institution. Participants Twenty-five patients with sagittal craniosynostosis. Interventions The Melbourne technique for total cranial vault remodeling. Main Outcome Measure(s) Head circumference, cephalic index, frontal bossing index, occipital bulleting index, vertex narrowing index, and vertex-nasion-opisthocranion (VNO) angle were evaluated. Results The cephalic index significantly increased postoperatively ( P = .04) with a subsequent relapse at 3 months followed by progressively increased growth. The frontal bossing index significantly decreased postoperatively ( P = .02) with a progressive decrease. The occipital bullet index had a relative decline postoperatively with relapse at 3 months, followed by a progressive decrease. The vertex narrowing index significantly decreased postoperatively ( P < .001), with a plateau and slight relapse. The VNO angle showed a relative decline over time with a significant decrease by 1 year of age ( P = .002). Conclusions The Melbourne technique improved the cephalic index, frontal bossing, vertex narrowing, occipital bulleting, and vertex positioning at 2 years of age. Cephalic index and occipital bulleting showed slight relapse at 3 months, followed by progressive improvement over time.
Achieving cup target as per spinopelvic assessment is associated with improved THA outcome: a prospective, multicentre study
Authors: Verhaegen Jeroen C. F. , Innmann Moritz , Vorimore Camille , Merle Christian , Grammatopoulos George 
Published: January 2025

Background: Different methods can help to optimise sagittal cup orientation in total hip arthroplasty (THA) based on individual spinopelvic characteristics. This study aimed to: (1) assess how often combined sagittal index (CSI) and hip-spine-classification targets were achieved post THA; (2) compare anteversion/inclination between cups in-/outside optimal CSI zone; and (3) determine association with outcome. Methods: This is a multicentre, prospective, case-cohort study of 435 primary THA for osteoarthritis (53% females; age: 65 ± 12 years; follow-up: 2.4 ± 0.6 years) (58% lateral, 29% anterior, 13% posterior approach). No robotics or dual-mobility were used. Patients underwent spinopelvic radiographs to measure parameters including lumbar lordosis (LL), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic femoral angle (PFA), and ante-inclination (AI) on lateral spinopelvic radiographs. Unbalanced spine was defined as PI - LL ⩾ 10° (PI: pelvic incidence; LL: lumbar lordosis), stiffness as ∆LL < 20°. Optimal cup orientation was based on CSI targets: 205–245° for balanced spine ( n = 327), or 215–235° for unbalanced spine ( n = 108), hip-spine classification targets (±5°), and conventional inclination/anteversion (40/20° ± 10°) target. Patient-reported outcome was measured using Oxford Hip Score (OHS). Results: CSI targets were achieved in 60% ( n = 261/435), whilst 44% had cup position within hip-spine classification targets ( n = 125/284). Anteversion was higher among cups within CSI targets (26° ± 8° vs. 22° ± 10°; p < 0.001). Overall dislocation rate was 0.9% ( n = 4/435), without difference whether CSI targets were achieved (0.4% vs. 1.7%; p = 0.178). Postoperative OHS was better among those within CSI targets (42 ± 8 vs. 40 ± 9; p = 0.003) or within hip-spine-classification targets ( p = 0.028), but not according to conventional orientation ( p = 0.384). Conclusions: Awareness of adverse spinopelvic characteristics and using sagittal characteristics (especially CSI) can help surgeons to achieve optimal cup orientation, improving outcome and reducing dislocation risk post-THA.
Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery (HALS) as an Alternative to Unplanned Laparoscopic Conversion to Open Surgery (LCOS) in Colectomies for Acute Diverticulitis
Authors: Ghodasara Satyam K. , Elsawwah Jana K. , Hyon Stephanie S. , Flanagan Joseph S. , Stopper Patricia B. , Rolandelli Rolando H. , Nemeth Zoltan H. 
Published: January 2025

Background In difficult colorectal cases, surgeons may opt for a hand-assisted laparoscopic (HALS) colectomy or attempt a laparoscopic surgery that may require an unplanned conversion to open (LCOS). We aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of these 2 types of surgeries. Methods Colectomies for acute diverticulitis with a HALS or LCOS surgery were selected from the American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) 2022 Targeted Colectomy Database. After confirming a difference in propensity scores between the cohorts, they were matched using propensity score matching (PSM) based on preoperative factors. RStudio was utilized for filtering and performing the PSM, while Minitab was used for statistical analysis. Results We identified 804 HALS colectomies and 284 LCOS colectomies. After PSM, both cohorts contained 284 patients. Absolute standardized mean errors for all matched factors were less than 0.1, confirming well-balanced cohorts. Following PSM, preoperative and perioperative factors were similar between both colectomy groups. Postoperatively, HALS surgeries had a shorter average length of stay (7.67 ± 0.38 vs 10.57 ± 0.41, P < 0.001) as well as lower rates of ileus (13.73% vs 22.54%, P = 0.007) and superficial surgical site infection (2.11% vs 5.28%, P = 0.045). Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first national database study comparing HALS and LCOS colectomies. After accounting for confounding variables, our PSM analysis showed the benefits of HALS colectomies for acute diverticulitis. Future studies may use single-center data containing risk adjustment profiles to create an even more uniform comparison.
Body mass index is similar to alternative anthropometric indices in evaluating plasma lipids as proxy for cardiovascular disease in women with previous hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Klepp Kristina , Staff Anne Cathrine , Sugulle Meryam , Moe Kjartan 
Published: January 2025

Background: Women with previous hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) have increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Overweight is a modifiable risk factor for both conditions. Anthropometric indices such as waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, estimated total body fat, a body shape index, waist-to-hip-to-height ratio, and index of central obesity improve estimation of cardiovascular death risk in the general population as compared to body mass index (BMI). Objectives: We aimed to assess whether alternative body mass composition indices associate more strongly with postpartum blood lipid levels, as a proxy for CVD risk, than BMI. We also aimed to investigate whether associations differ between women with previous normotensive or hypertensive index pregnancies. Design: In this cross-sectional study, we examined 296 women 1 or 3 years after an index pregnancy that was normotensive ( n = 116) or complicated by a hypertensive pregnancy disorder, including preeclampsia ( n = 133) or gestational hypertension ( n = 47). Methods: Uni- and multivariable regression analyses, adjusted for age and smoking, were conducted to evaluate associations between postpartum body mass composition indices and blood lipids. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Median BMI and overweight rates were higher in women with previous HDP than in controls (23.9 kg/m2 versus 22.8 kg/m2 and 44.4% versus 30.2%, both p ⩽ 0.03). No body mass composition indices in any pregnancy complication group showed stronger associations with adverse lipid levels than BMI. However, women with previous HDP more often displayed significant associations between adverse body mass composition indices and adverse lipid levels, compared with controls. Conclusion: Alternative anthropometric measurements are not better suited to evaluate circulating lipids as proxy for CVD risk after HDP, compared to BMI. We hence recommend using BMI in CVD risk assessment after HDP due to its current widespread use and feasibility.
Drug-induced dementia: a real-world pharmacovigilance study using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database
Authors: Xu Lisi , Zhang Ruonan , Zhang Xiaolin , Shang Xiuli , Huang Daifa 
Published: January 2025

Background: Dementia is a serious adverse event (AE) that requires attention in clinical practice. However, information on drug-induced dementia is limited. The U.S. FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) serves as an important resource for identifying real-world adverse drug reactions and safety signals. Objective: This study aimed to use FAERS data to identify drugs associated with increased dementia risk. Design: A secondary analysis of the FAERS database was conducted using disproportionality analysis methods. Methods: We reviewed dementia-related reports in the FAERS database from the first quarter of 2004 to the fourth quarter of 2023, used the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activity to identify dementia cases and summarized the corresponding list of potential medications, counted the dementia-causing medication classes with the highest frequency of reports, and disaggregated all medications. Results: The study identified 31,881 dementia-related AEs in the FAERS database, with an increasing trend over time, particularly among females and individuals over 65. Apixaban had the most reports (1631). Disproportionality analyses revealed that rivastigmine, nicergoline, aducanumab, amlodipine/atorvastatin, and dihydroergometrine had the highest risk, based on reporting odds ratio, proportional reporting ratio, and information component. Only valproate and tramadol among the top 50 drugs included a potential dementia risk in their package inserts. Conclusion: This study identified a list of medications associated with dementia risk, many of which lack dementia warnings on their labels. Increased monitoring is necessary for high-risk individuals, and further research is required to clarify these associations and improve patient safety.