bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A differentiable perturbation-based weak lensing shear estimator
Authors: Li Xiangchong , Mandelbaum Rachel , Jarvis Mike , Li Yin , Park Andy , Zhang Tianqing 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Upcoming imaging surveys will use weak gravitational lensing to study the large-scale structure of the Universe, demanding sub-per cent accuracy for precise cosmic shear measurements. We present a new differentiable implementation of our perturbation-based shear estimator (fpfs), using jax, which is publicly available as part of a new suite of analytic shear algorithms called anacal. This code can analytically calibrate the shear response of any non-linear observable constructed with the fpfs shapelets and detection modes utilizing autodifferentiation (ad), generalizing the formalism to include a family of shear estimators with corrections for detection and selection biases. Using the ad capability of jax, it calculates the full Hessian matrix of the non-linear observables, which improves the previously presented second-order noise bias correction in the shear estimation. As an illustration of the power of the new anacal framework, we optimize the effective galaxy number density in the space of the generalized shear estimators using an LSST-like galaxy image simulation for the 10 yr LSST. For the generic shear estimator, the magnitude of the multiplicative bias |m| is below 3 × 10−3 (99.7 per cent confidence interval), and the effective galaxy number density is improved by 5 per cent . We also discuss some planned future additions to the anacal software suite to extend its applicability beyond the fpfs measurements.
The RNA helicase Dbp10 coordinates assembly factor association with PTC maturation during ribosome biogenesis
Authors: Mitterer Valentin , Hamze Hussein , Kunowska Natalia , Stelzl Ulrich , Henras Anthony K , Hurt Ed 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
During ribosome biogenesis a plethora of assembly factors and essential enzymes drive the unidirectional maturation of nascent pre-ribosomal subunits. The DEAD-box RNA helicase Dbp10 is suggested to restructure pre-ribosomal rRNA of the evolving peptidyl-transferase center (PTC) on nucleolar ribosomal 60S assembly intermediates. Here, we show that point mutations within conserved catalytic helicase-core motifs of Dbp10 yield a dominant-lethal growth phenotype. Such dbp10 mutants, which stably associate with pre-60S intermediates, impair pre-60S biogenesis at a nucleolar stage prior to the release of assembly factor Rrp14 and stable integration of late nucleolar factors such as Noc3. Furthermore, the binding of the GTPase Nug1 to particles isolated directly via mutant Dbp10 bait proteins is specifically inhibited. The N-terminal domain of Nug1 interacts with Dbp10 and the methyltransferase Spb1, whose pre-60S incorporation is also reduced in absence of functional Dbp10 resulting in decreased methylation of 25S rRNA nucleotide G2922. Our data suggest that Dbp10’s helicase activity generates the necessary framework for assembly factor docking thereby permitting PTC rRNA methylation and the progression of pre-60S maturation.
MGMT function determines the differential response of ATR inhibitors with DNA-damaging agents in glioma stem cells for GBM therapy
Authors: Leong Vincent W S , Khan Sabbir , Sharma Pratibha , Wu Shaofang , Thomas Riya R , Li Xiaolong , Singh Sanjay K , Lang Frederick F , Yung Alfred W K , Koul Dimpy 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe most prevalent cancer treatments cause cell death through DNA damage. However, DNA damage response (DDR) repair pathways, initiated by tumor cells, can withstand the effects of anticancer drugs, providing justification for combining DDR inhibitors with DNA-damaging anticancer treatments.MethodsCell viability assays were performed with CellTiter-Glo assay. DNA damage was evaluated using Western blotting analysis. RNA-seq and single-cell level expression were used to identify the DDR signatures. In vivo, studies were conducted in mice to determine the effect of ATris on TMZ sensitization.ResultsWe found a subpopulation of glioma sphere-forming cells (GSCs) with substantial synergism with temozolomide (TMZ) using a panel of 3 clinical-grade ataxia-telangiectasia- and Rad3-related kinase inhibitors (ATRis), (elimusertib, berzosertib, and ceralasertib). Interestingly, most synergistic cell lines had O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation, indicating that ATRi mainly benefits tumors with no MGMT repair. Further, TMZ activated the ATR-checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) axis in an MGMT-dependent way. TMZ caused ATR-dependent Chk1 phosphorylation and DNA double-strand breaks as shown by increased γH2AX. Increased DNA damage and decreased Chk1 phosphorylation were observed upon the addition of ATRis to TMZ in MGMT-methylated (MGMT-) GSCs. TMZ also improved sensitivity to ATRis in vivo, as shown by increased mouse survival with the TMZ and ATRi combination treatment.ConclusionsThis research provides a rationale for selectively targeting MGMT-methylated cells using ATRis and TMZ combination. Overall, we believe that MGMT methylation status in GBM could serve as a robust biomarker for patient selection for ATRi combined with TMZ.
Contradictions in Heritage Tourism
Authors: López Varela Sandra L. , Estrada-Belli Francisco 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter discusses the contradictions of heritage tourism as a strategy for economic growth and development through two mega infrastructure projects, promising to massively boost the local economy and overcome poverty levels in Mexico and Guatemala. Each project varies in its complexities and institutional support. The Maya Train Project, launched by Mexico’s government, will run through the Yucatán Peninsula and neighboring Mexican states. The El Mirador–Calakmul Basin Development Project in Guatemala is an initiative of foreign archaeologists who have sought international support, mainly from the U.S. government. Both projects have faced strong opposition from local communities. Behind these projects is a doctrine of unbridled progress and growth, drawing its authority from culturally dominant western science, with archaeologists and institutions actively endorsing their premises to build “a better quality of life for all in an urbanizing world.” The analysis of these controversial projects exemplifies how such large-scale infrastructure projects stimulating an already failed tourist market support the sustainability of neocolonialist archaeology aligned with the interests of private corporations and the progression of militarized states in Latin America.
Facets of India’s Illiberalism
Authors: Jaffrelot Christophe 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Since 2014, India’s illiberalism has found expression in the authoritarian politics of the Modi government. Since then, checks and balances have declined, dissenting voices have been repressed, and the concentration of power (including economic power) in the hands of a few people has increased. This new orientation relies on an ethno-nationalist ideology, Hindutva, that is embodied in a century-old movement, the RSS, which has developed a huge network across society (including a student union and a labor union). This network comprises vigilante groups that—backed by the ruling party, the BJP—routinely target religious minorities, including Muslims. Anti-individualism, the social dimension of the Hindu nationalist brand of illiberalism, translates into hierarchies inherited from the caste system. Gender relations are also articulated in a traditionalist manner. Society being seen as a living organism, the state is not supposed to play a major role in this brand of illiberalism.
“Together in the leaves of the book”
Authors: Bose Brinda 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Modernist poetry has always wrestled with the impossibility of articulation and the limits of language. In reading a selection of poems by two Bengali poets of the 20th century—Jibanananda Das and Binoy Majumdar—this chapter suggests that Bengali avant-garde modernist poetry attempts a sleight of poetic hand that elides this dilemma by transforming desire into poetry, rather than by attempting to express desire in poetry. No human gratification of passion remains relevant then; nor is the poem simply its approximation or representation in language. Instead, the poem becomes a material embodiment of human desire: fulfilled, failed, needy. This chapter asks if this metamorphosis can be seen as a queer praxis of poetry-making, because in its production of a desire—a poem—that distills gratification and its embedded failure at once, it becomes anti-normative. Politically, it uses the textured body of the poem on a page to both assert desire and predict its loss, vulnerability, and death.
Voices of Resistance
Authors: Gangopadhyay Rudrani 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The postmillennial Indian anglophone graphic narrative field has experienced a boom of womxn creators and feminist narratives, which provide an interesting view of the contemporary gendered experience in India. This chapter explores feminist futurities in postmillennial Indian graphic narrative through a study of Kari by Amruta Patil and Shaheen Bagh: A Graphic Recollection by Ita Mehrotra. Feminism’s future (and certainly postfeminism) relies on a combination of and a dialogue between current activism and continued aspirations. In their engagement with intersectional issues like sexuality, queer lives, communalism, ethno-racial conflict, democracy, citizenship, and belonging, Kari and Shaheen Bagh reveal the text as a site for this dialogue to unfold, where institutionalized and grassroots efforts merge with lived experiences and art. Reading the feminist intellectual project as a part and also an extension of current political movements, and thinking of futurity as emergent, the chapter traces the different directions in which Patil’s and Mehrotra’s works navigate women’s lives and issues in India.
Procedural Rights and Criminal Procedure
Authors: Fukurai Hiroshi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
To strengthen procedural rights in criminal cases, many Asian countries have considered incorporating lay participation into criminal proceedings. South Korea introduced all-citizen criminal jury trials in 2008. The People’s Republic of China strengthened its lay assessor system in the early 2000s and introduced the People’s Supervisor System in 2010 to monitor the fairness of prosecutorial decision-making. In 2009, Japan strengthened its grand jury system (Prosecution Review Commissions), and it introduced a quasi-jury mixed system called Saiban-in Seido. Taiwan introduced a mixed tribunal in 2023 after many years of civic activism calling for reform. Other Asian jurisdictions continue to engage in national discussions on the possible introduction of lay adjudication to their respective criminal justice systems. This chapter examines the development of lay participation in criminal adjudication in East and Southeast Asia. It situates these developments within the broader context of reforms to bolster the constitutional protection of procedural rights in criminal cases.
Oil Price Exposure and the Cross-Section of Stock Returns
Authors: Moore Jordan , Velikov Mihail 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We provide evidence that equity investors are slow to process information about how current oil price changes affect future earnings announcements. Stock prices respond to lagged quarterly oil price changes when firms start announcing earnings in the next quarter. A cross-sectional equity trading strategy that exploits this predictability yields an annualized Sharpe ratio of 0.50. Our oil-response forecast strategy earns especially high returns after large absolute oil price changes, in recessions or bear markets, and during peak earnings season. The predictability we document is consistent with limited attention, is not driven by risk factor exposure, and survives several robustness tests. (JEL G10, G11, G14, G40, Q41)
Increased expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 alters early T‐cell receptor signaling and differentiation of CD4+ T cells in chronic heart failure
Authors: Liu Meilin , Xia Ni , Zha Lingfeng , Yang Haoyi , Gu Muyang , Hao Zhiheng , Zhu Xinyu , Li Nana , He Junyi , Tang Tingting , Nie Shaofang , Zhang Min , Lv Bingjie , Lu Yuzhi , Jiao Jiao , Li Jingyong , Cheng Xiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCD4+ T‐cell counts are increased and activated in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), whereas regulatory T‐cell (Treg) expansion is inhibited, probably due to aberrant T‐cell receptor (TCR) signaling. TCR signaling is affected by protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 (PTPN22) in autoimmune disorders, but whether PTPN22 influences TCR signaling in CHF remains unclear. This observational case–control study included 45 patients with CHF [18 patients with ischemic heart failure versus 27 patients with nonischemic heart failure (NIHF)] and 16 non‐CHF controls. We used flow cytometry to detect PTPN22 expression, tyrosine phosphorylation levels, zeta‐chain‐associated protein kinase, 70 kDa (ZAP‐70) inhibitory residue tyrosine 292 and 319 phosphorylation levels, and CD4+ T cell and Treg proportions. We conducted lentivirus‐mediated PTPN22 RNA silencing in isolated CD4+ T cells. PTPN22 expression increased in the CD4+ T cells of patients with CHF compared with that in controls. PTPN22 expression was positively correlated with left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter and type B natriuretic peptide but negatively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction in the NIHF group. ZAP‐70 tyrosine 292 phosphorylation was decreased, which correlated positively with PTPN22 overexpression in patients with NIHF and promoted early TCR signaling. PTPN22 silencing induced Treg differentiation in CD4+ T cells from patients with CHF, which might account for the reduced frequency of peripheral Tregs in these patients. PTPN22 is a potent immunomodulator in CHF and might play an essential role in the development of CHF by promoting early TCR signaling and impairing Treg differentiation from CD4+ T cells.
TAF7L regulates early stages of male germ cell development in the rat
Authors: Moreno‐Irusta Ayelen , Dominguez Esteban M. , Iqbal Khursheed , Zhang Xiaoyu , Wang Ning , Soares Michael J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMale germ cell development is dependent on the orchestrated regulation of gene networks. TATA‐box binding protein associated factors (TAFs) facilitate interactions of TATA‐binding protein with the TATA element, which is known to coordinate gene transcription during organogenesis. TAF7 like (Taf7l) is situated on the X chromosome and has been implicated in testis development. We examined the biology of TAF7L in testis development using the rat. Taf7l was prominently expressed in preleptotene to leptotene spermatocytes. To study the impact of TAF7L on the testis we generated a global loss‐of‐function rat model using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Exon 3 of the Taf7l gene was targeted. A founder was generated possessing a 110 bp deletion within the Taf7l locus, which resulted in a frameshift and the premature appearance of a stop codon. The mutation was effectively transmitted through the germline. Deficits in TAF7L did not adversely affect pregnancy or postnatal survival. However, the Taf7l disruption resulted in male infertility due to compromised testis development and failed sperm production. Mutant germ cells suffer meiotic arrest at late zygotene/early pachynema stages, with defects in sex body formation. This testis phenotype was more pronounced than previously described for the subfertile Taf7l null mouse. We conclude that TAF7L is essential for male germ cell development in the rat.
Academic and Demographic Characteristics of Pediatric Orthopaedic Division Chiefs in the United States
Authors: Proal Joshua D. , Maqsoodi Noorullah , Abela Daniele , Curry Emily J. , Mesfin Addisu , Li Xinning 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:Division Chiefs (DCs) and department leadership play an integral role within the service. The goal of this study is to assess the demographics and scholarly work of the leadership in pediatric orthopaedics services across the United States and comment on the role of diversity within leadership positions.Methods:Academic medical centers and pediatric hospitals were identified using the Electronic Residency Application Service website, the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America website, and the Children’s Hospital Association website. Leadership was identified using the hospitals’ respective websites where data such as sex, race/ethnicity, fellowship institution, time since graduating fellowship, and academic rank were collected. Scopus database was used to determine h-indices and PubMed was used to determine the number of publications.Results:Of 196 academic centers and 223 pediatric hospitals identified, 98 had a designated DC of the pediatric orthopaedics division. The majority of the DCs were male (85.7%), and leadership positions at hospitals with academic affiliations had a higher proportion of female DCs than nonacademic centers (P=0.0317). DCs were mostly white (83.7%), followed by Asian (12.2%), and African American (2.0%). The average time since fellowship was 21.1 years and the average h-index was 15.7. The average age of the DCs was 56.8 years old. Of those in academic settings, 48.5% held the rank of professor. The fellowship programs that trained the most DCs were Boston Children’s Hospital (16.3%) and Texas Scottish Rite for Children (14.3%).Discussion:There is a paucity of available research on leadership characteristics in pediatric orthopaedic surgery. While progress has been made, there is still a lack of diversity that exists among leadership in pediatric orthopaedics, both within the academic setting as well as the private sector. The position of DC is held predominately by white males with a rank of either professor or no academic association. Intentional efforts are needed to continue to increase diversity in leadership positions within pediatric orthopaedic programs in the United States.Level of Evidence:IV
The relationship between depressive symptoms and physical performance in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional investigation
Authors: Silva Rosely M. , Orsatti Fábio L. , Margato Luana R. , de Sousa Wellington G. , Pelet Danyelle C. S. , Justino da Silva Jonathã Luiz , de Sousa Lino Anderson D. , de Oliveira Assumpção Cláudio , Souza Markus Vinicius C. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective
The relationship between depressive symptoms and declining physical performance in postmenopausal women has been extensively examined. However, various confounding factors can influence this association. This study aimed to investigate the link between depressive symptoms and physical performance in postmenopausal women while considering potential interfering factors.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 137 postmenopausal women were categorized into two groups based on the presence of depressive symptoms (n = 58; mean ± SD age, 60.12 ± 8.45 y) and absence of depressive symptoms (n = 79; mean ± SD age, 60.72 ± 7.45) using the Geriatric Depression Scale (short version) (GDS-15). Thoracic kyphosis angle was measured using the flexicurve method. Physical performance was assessed through various tests, including Timed Up and Go, Five Times Stand and Sit Test, 6-minute Walking Speed, 10-meter Usual Walking Speed, 10-meter Fast Walking Speed, and dynamometry. The study compared variables between the two groups and used linear regression models adjusted for dynamometry, kyphosis angle, age, antidepressant usage, sitting time, and fall history to evaluate the relationship between GDS-15 scores and physical performance.

Results
Significant differences were observed in physical performance, body mass index, kyphosis angle, antidepressant usage, sitting time, and fall history between women with and without depressive symptoms. The GDS-15 showed a negative association with all walking speed tests (10-meter Usual Walking Speed, m/s; P < 0.001; B = −0.01; 10-meter Fast Walking Speed, m/s; P < 0.001; B = −0.02; 6-minute Walking Speed, m/s; P < 0.004; B = −0.01) and a positive association with the Five Times Stand and Sit Test (P < 0.002; B = 0.21) and Timed Up and Go (P < 0.001; B = 0.13) tests, regardless of grip strength, kyphosis angle, age, antidepressant use, sitting time, or fall history in postmenopausal women.

Conclusions
This study underscores the independent and substantial impact of depressive symptoms on the physical performance of postmenopausal women. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing both mental health and physical well-being when providing care and support for this demographic.
The Single-port Laparoscopic Omental Free Flap: Reconstruction of Dorsal Hand Defects with Negligible Donor-site Scar
Authors: Scharfetter Sandra , Schwaiger Karl , Entschev Alexandra , Weiss Helmut , Wechselberger Gottfried 
Published: December 2023

Summary:
The reconstruction of complex dorsal hand injuries can be challenging. For coverage of dorsal hand defects, thin flap tissue is preferred. In addition, it is ideal to raise flaps with minimal donor-site morbidity and a discrete scar. In a 65-year-old obese man, we successfully reconstructed a soft-tissue defect measuring 7 × 5 cm at the dorsal hand with an omental free flap harvested through single-port laparoscopy. Our patient regained hand function and is satisfied with the aesthetic results. We propose the single-port laparoscopic omental free flap to be a suitable option for free flap dorsal hand reconstruction, especially in obese patients with small defects. The technique provides a thin free tissue with a concomitant negligible donor-site scar.
Waist Remodeling without Incision, with Ultrasound-guided Monocortical Fracture
Authors: Manzaneda Cipriani Raúl M. , Duran Vega Héctor , Cala Uribe Laura , Viaro Mauricio , Adrianzen Gerardo A. , Botelho Daniel L. 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Rib remodeling is a surgical technique for waist shaping in women and men. However, one of the main patient complaints is the scar. We aimed to describe a scarless, ultrasound-guided rib remodeling (RibXcar) technique that assessed the degree of angular variation of the fracture by ultrasound and the variation in waist measurement and patient satisfaction through a survey.

Methods:
The RibXcar technique was performed in 30 women aged 18–35 years in Peru, Colombia, and Mexico between October and December 2022 by three board-certified plastic surgeons trained in ultrasound and in this technique. The plastic surgeons measured costal angles before and immediately, 1 month, and 3 months after the surgery by ultrasound, as well as the waist in the same site and at these time points. Similarly, patient satisfaction was surveyed 3 months after the surgery, in which questions were asked about body aesthetics and the puncture site.

Results:
Ultrasound angular measurements before and immediately, 1 month, and 3 months after the surgical procedure were 168.00, 158.00, 160.00, and 160.43 degrees in the 10th rib, 170.50, 160.50, 152.50, and 163.50 degrees in the 11th rib, and 172.00, 162.00, 154.00, and 165.00 degrees in the 12th rib, respectively. The satisfaction survey showed that patients were satisfied with the aesthetic results of both the shape of the waist and the puncture site.

Conclusions:
RibXcar surgery maintains the angular variation over time. Similarly, waist measurements show a sustained reduction. Three months postoperatively, the patients were satisfied with the aesthetic results of the waist and the puncture site.