bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Classification of laryngeal diseases including laryngeal cancer, benign mucosal disease, and vocal cord paralysis by artificial intelligence using voice analysis
Authors: Kim Hyun-Bum , Song Jaemin , Park Seho , Lee Yong Oh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Voice change is often the first sign of laryngeal cancer, leading to diagnosis through hospital laryngoscopy. Screening for laryngeal cancer solely based on voice could enhance early detection. However, identifying voice indicators specific to laryngeal cancer is challenging, especially when differentiating it from other laryngeal ailments. This study presents an artificial intelligence model designed to distinguish between healthy voices, laryngeal cancer voices, and those of the other laryngeal conditions. We gathered voice samples of individuals with laryngeal cancer, vocal cord paralysis, benign mucosal diseases, and healthy participants. Comprehensive testing was conducted to determine the best mel-frequency cepstral coefficient conversion and machine learning techniques, with results analyzed in-depth. In our tests, laryngeal diseases distinguishing from healthy voices achieved an accuracy of 0.85 to 0.97. However, when multiclass classification, accuracy ranged from 0.74 to 0.83. These findings highlight the challenges of artificial intelligence-driven voice-based diagnosis due to overlaps with benign conditions but also underscore its potential.
Whole - Genome Sequence Analysis of Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Wiranto Edy , Soebandrio Amin , Paramita Rafika Indah , Kusumawati R Lia , Tania Tryna , Mutiara Mutiara , Severin Juli¨ette A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Acinetobacter baumannii, an opportunistic pathogen that is responsible for nosocomial infections globally, presents a formidable challenge owing to its ability to develop resistance against antibiotics. This resistance, which includes resistance to carbapenems, the last-resort antibiotics, has led to the emergence of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) strains. The distribution of these strains encompasses Indonesia, particularly in Medan. Investigation on its resistance can only be performed thoroughly using Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) process.
Methods
The samples used in this study is 32 bacterial isolates from Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital in Medan, North Sumatra, collected between July – December 2022 and has been confirmed as A. baumannii using VITEK-2 system. Bacterial isolates are tested for carbapenem sensitivity using disc diffusion method. DNA isolation is performed using QIAamp DNA mini kit and ran through WGS process using Novaseq 6000 Illumina. Bioinformatics analysis is performed consisting of MLST, phylogenetic tree, identification of elements such as resistance genes, plasmids, insertion sequences, prophage sequences, and CRISPR/Cas system sequences.
Results
58 resistance genes and several mutations were identified. The majority of these genes exert their influence on resistance through efflux pump mechanisms. All the carbapenem-resistant isolates showing co-occurrence of blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-51 family genes. MLST analysis revealed that out of the 30 isolates, 27 were identified as A. baumannii and were further divided into 7 distinct Sequence Types (STs), with the majority belonging to ST 2 and ST 1. Furthermore, the analysis uncovered the presence of novel STs, specifically assigned as ST-Past 2456 and ST-Oxf 3213. Aside from resistance genes, 20 plasmids, 89 insertion sequences, 20 prophage sequences, and 1 CRISPR/Cas system identified in this research.
Conclusion
WGS analysis of A. baumannii isolates from Medan reveals the presence of several resistance determinants that can contribute to the high resistance levels observed in these isolates. Comparative analysis with global isolates indicates that the majority of isolates belong to globally recognized lineages with high resistance levels. Along with the discovery of the new ST in this study, the information obtained is expected to assist other researchers in further studies related to A. baumannii and its resistance to antimicrobials.
WITHDRAWN: Understanding the signalling pathway of the GnRH receptor: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Paspali Elpiniki , Kubiak-Ossowska Karina , Ferro Valerie Anne , Mulheran Paul Alexander 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The signalling mechanism of G-protein coupled receptors has been broadly studied, however, due to their structural complexity, details of the signalling pathway remain unclear. Here we present molecular dynamics (MD) simulations that reveal the conformational changes of the GnRH receptor (GnRH1R) induced by interaction with the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). A comparison between the GnRH1R conformation in the absence and presence of GnRH reveals specific conformational differences that characterise an active and inactive state of the receptor. Furthermore, we describe a detailed cascade of ligand-induced conformational changes in the GnRH receptor that can lead to intracellular signal transmission. We observe that following the initial interaction of GnRH, the signal travels via a particular activation switch triad (Glu90-Lys121-Ser124). This acts as the driving force for an intracellular loop to reposition and expose the G-protein orthosteric pocket. In contrast, in the absence of GnRH, the receptor adopts an inactive conformation, where the activation switch residues are separated while the G-protein binding site is sterically blocked. These findings will aid the discovery of new pharmaceuticals targeting GnRH1R, and they broaden understanding of the signal transmission process and hence the functionality of G-protein coupled receptors in general.
Attentional Switching in Larval Zebrafish: The Attentive Leaky Integrator
Authors: Krishnan Kumaresh , Muthukumar Akila , Sterrett Scott , Pflitsch Paula , Fairhall Adrienne , Fishman Mark , Bahl Armin , Zwaka Hanna , Engert Florian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Decision making strategies in the face of conflicting or uncertain sensory input have been successfully described by a drift diffusion to bound model (DDM) in many different species. Here we analyze large behavioral datasets of larval zebrafish engaged in a ‘coherent dot’ optomotor assay and compare DDM performance with trial-to-trial variation in our experimental results. We find a clear discrepancy in the low-level structure of modeled and experimental data, which compels us to implement a critical extension to the classic DDM. To correct for the discrepancy, we propose to add an extra variable that explicitly controls the transition between an engaged and a disengaged state. This addition not only accurately captures the lower-level structure in our data, but also provides a framework to explain general behavioral switches between different tasks and contextual priorities. We use these insights to define two behavioral performance metrics for the zebrafish, labeled ‘focus’ and ‘competence’, which describe two orthogonal aspects of performance in a task. We further show that the extent of ‘focus’ is largely inherited from the parents, while ‘competence’ is influenced mainly by environmental context. This quantitative framework for analyzing decision making can be used to screen genetic perturbations for their impact on these two aspects of performance, and eventually help identify a genetic basis, and a neural mechanism for attention, that extends across organisms.
The Clinical Relevance of Different Antiphospholipid Antibody Profiles in Pediatric Rheumatology Patients
Authors: Pandya Jheel , Onel Karen , Erkan Doruk 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background: The clinical relevance of different antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) profiles, including low level anticardiolipin (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein-I (aβ2GPI) antibodies, is ill-defined in the pediatric population. Our purpose is to describe the demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of aPL positive pediatric patients based on different aPL profiles.
Findings: In this single center retrospective cohort study, based on the screening of our pediatric (age <18) rheumatology electronic medical records (2016-2022), we identified patients who had at least one “positive” aPL (lupus anticoagulant [LA], aCL IgG/M, or aβ2GPI IgG/M) result. Patients were grouped into high- (LA positive and/or aCL/aβ2GPI IgG/M > 40U [ELISA]) and low-risk (LA negative and aCL/aβ2GPI IgG/M 20-39U) aPL profiles; those with persistently positive aPL were descriptively analyzed for demographic and clinical characteristics.
Of 57 included patients, 34 (59%) had initial high- and 23 (40%) had initial low-risk profiles. Based on subsequent aPL results available in 42/57 (74%) patients, 25/27 (93%) in the high-, and 7/15 (47%) in the low-risk groups remained still positive. Of these 32 patients with persistently positive aPL, moderate-to-large vessel or microvascular thrombosis occurred in nine (28%) patients with high-risk and in none with low-risk aPL profiles; non-thrombotic aPL-related manifestations were reported in 15 (47%) patients with persistent aPL positivity.
Conclusion: An initial high-risk aPL profile was persistent in approximately 90% of our cohort, a third of whom had thrombosis, and half had non-thrombotic aPL manifestations. Our results underscore the need for a large-scale effort to better characterize aPL-related manifestations in pediatric patients with persistent high-risk aPL-profiles.
Study on the zinc porphyrins as potential carbonic anhydrase mimics for promoting CO2 absorption in K2CO3 solution
Authors: Chen Zezhi , Zhou Yuchen , Gong Huijuan , Wang Xiaoshu , Chen Lu , Yu Huiqiang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Zinc porphyrins, boasting a coordination environment akin to that of carbonic anhydrase (CA), coupled with excellent structural stability, built-in hydrophobic pocket, and relatively low charge of center Zn2+, offer promise as CA-mimics for industrial CO2 capture. In validation, three representative zinc porphyrins—zinc porphin (ZnP), zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP), and zinc meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl) porphyrin (ZnTMPyP) were synthesized and tested performance in water and 2 wt.% K2CO3 solution. Results showed that zinc porphyrins enhanced CO2 absorption by up to 44.25% in water and 46.77% in K2CO3 solution, which surpassed zinc cyclen (ZnC), one of the most efficient CA-mimics reported, by 1.31-1.53 times even at significantly lower dosages. Besides, they demonstrated excellent stability and reusability. Calorimetry and density functional theory (DFT) confirm their CA-mimetic activity and CA-like CO2 hydration pathway. High dispersion, lowest Zn2+ charge, and abundant CO2 adsorption sites endow ZnPP with the highest catalytic activity in K2CO3 solution.
Unlocking the potential of ultra-high dose fractionated radiation for effective treatment of glioblastoma
Authors: Lan Xiao-Yan , Kalkowski Lukasz , Chu Cheng-Yan , Jablonska Anna , Li Shen , Kai Mihoko , Gao Yue , Janowski Miroslaw , Walczak Piotr 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Conventional radiation therapy for glioblastoma (GBM) has limited efficacy. Regenerative medicine brings hope for repairing damaged tissue, opening opportunities for elevating the maximum acceptable radiation dose. In this study, we explored the effect of ultra-high dose fractionated radiation on brain injury and tumor responses in immunocompetent mice. We also evaluated the role of the HIF-1α under radiation.
Methods: Naïve and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α)+/- heterozygous mice received a fractionated daily dose of 20 Gy for three or five consecutive days. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histology were performed to assess brain injury post-radiation. The 2×105 human GBM1 luciferase-expressing cells were transplanted with tolerance induction protocol. Fractionated radiotherapy was performed during the exponential phase of tumor growth. BLI, MRI, and immunohistochemistry staining were performed to evaluate tumor growth dynamics and radiotherapy responses. Additionally, animal lifespan was recorded.
Results: Fractionated radiation of 5×20 Gy induced severe brain damage, starting 3 weeks after radiation. All animals from this group died within 12 weeks. In contrast, later onset and less severe brain injury were observed starting 12 weeks after radiation of 3×20 Gy. It resulted in complete GBM eradication and survival of all treated animals. Furthermore, HIF-1α+/- mice exhibited more obvious vascular damage 63 weeks after fractionated radiation of 3×20 Gy.
Conclusion: Ultra-high dose fractionated 3×20 Gy radiation can eradicate the GBM cells at the cost of only mild brain injury. The HIF-1α gene is a promising target for ameliorating vascular impairment post-radiation, encouraging the implementation of neurorestorative strategies.
Risk factor analysis of changes in blood flow in the A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery after FD coverage of it
Authors: Ma WuLin , Xin Deng , Chen JunFan , Guo XinBin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

BackgroundFew studies have explored the effect of flow diverter device (FD) on blood flow in A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA), after treatment of intracranial aneurysms in the bifurcation region of the internal carotid artery (ICA). The main objective of this article is to investigate the factors that affecting A1 blood flow after FD cover the A1 artery.Materials and MethodThis is a single-center, retrospective study. Data were collected retrospectively from our center, patients whose FDs were placed for treatment from the terminal of the ICA to the M1 segment were analyzed.ResultsA total of 42 patients were included in the study. Immediate post-procedural angiography following device placement revealed decreased blood flow in the A1 of 15 (35.7%) patients and complete occlusion of the A1 segment in 11 (26.2%) patients. During an average follow-up period of 9.8 months, the A1 segment was ultimately occluded in 25 patients (59.5%), decreased blood flow in 4 patients (9.5%).ConclusionWhen using FD to cover the A1 artery for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms, patients with preoperative opening of the anterior communicating artery (AcomA) are more prone to occlusion or decreased blood flow of the A1 artery, compared to patients without opening.
Causal relationships between gut microbrome and digestive system diseases: a two-sample Mendelian Randomization study
Authors: Ding Wenjing , Chen Liangliang , Xia Jianguo , Dong Gang , Song Biao , Pei Bei , Li Xuejun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Growing evidences of recent studies have shown that gut microbrome is causally related to digestive system diseases. However, causal relationships between the gut microbiota and the risk of digestive system diseases still remain unclear.
Methods
We utilized identified gut microbiota based on class, family, genus, order and phylum information and digestive system diseases (DSDs) GWAS dataset for two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used to evaluate causal relationships between gut microbiota and seven DSDs. Finally, we verified the robustness of MR results based on heterogeneity and pleiotropy analysis.
Results
We discovered 15 causal associations with genetic liabilities in the gut microbiota and DSDs, such as genus Victivallis, genus RuminococcaceaeUCG005, genus Ruminococcusgauvreauiigroup, genus Oxalobacter and so on.
Conclusions
Our MR analysis revealed that the gut microbiota is causally associated with DSDs. Further researches of the gut microbiota and the pathogenesis of DSDs are still significant and provide new methods for the prevention and treatment of DSD.
Symptom Burden Survey and Symptom Clusters in Chemotherapy Period of Lung Cancer
Authors: 王 妍 , Fang Liyuan , Zhou Kainan , Xie Yi , Yang shuhan , Liu Suying , Fang yuhang , Wang runxi , Sui Bailu , Zhang Ying 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The objective of the study was to research the symptom burden and symptom distribution characteristic of lung cancer patients during chemotherapy, identify the symptom clusters (SCs) and explore the mechanism of lung cancer specific SC, so as to provide evidence for clinical staff to manage symptoms and SCs.
Methods
All participants were recruited at the inpatient Oncology Department of Guang 'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences between July 2022 to December 2022. Investigate the incidence and severity of symptoms of lung cancer patients during chemotherapy. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identifySCs. SCs were identified for the mild, moderate and severe symptoms and for the moderate and severe symptoms respectively. Spearmen correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between lung cancer specific SC and blood routine index.
Results
A total of 169 patients participated in the study. The study found that, among the 43 symptoms, the most prevalent and the most serious symptoms was loss appetite. Based on the occurrence rate and severity of symptoms, SC extraction was performed for mild, moderate and severe symptoms with a symptom incidence more than 20%, and five SCs were identified, including psycho–emotion SC, chemotherapy related SC, lung cancer specific SC, urinary related SC, and gastrointestinal SC. For moderate and severe symptoms, two SCs were identified, including chemotherapy related SC and lung cancer specific SC and the lung cancer specific SC was negative correlation with eosinophils.
Conclusion
Patients with lung cancer during chemotherapy have complex and diverse symptoms. Based on different SC extraction methods, five SCs and two SCs were identified respectively. At the same time, the study explored the potential biological mechanism of lung cancer specific SC, and it was showed that lung cancer specific SC was related to eosinophils negatively. In the future, more research should be done on the research tools, research methods, pathogenesis and intervention measures of SCs.
Identification of Cervical Disc Degeneration and Genes Associated with Immune Infiltration
Authors: Bei Dikai , Chen Binhui , Zhao Fengdong , li Jie , Gan Kaifeng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to identify new diagnostic genetic-biomarkers for early-stage cervical intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and analyze the potential association between key genes and infiltrating immune cells.
Methods: Cervical disc specimens were collected from anterior cervical discectomy and fusion surgery, which were classified into IDD and controlled group depending on MRI disc degeneration grade. mRNA expression profile data was downloaded from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined from GEO database profile. Gene ontology (GO) functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway enrichment analysis were performed on DEGs. LASSO regression model and Support Vector Machine Recursive Feature Elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithm were employed to screen for potential biomarkers. The composition of 22 immune cell fractions in IDD patients was analyzed using CIBERSORT. Biomarker expression levels in cervical disc specimens were detected through quantitative PCR.
Result: 71 DEGs were found, including 50 genes up-regulated and 21 genes down-regulated. KEGG pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment of inflammation-related pathways. Based on the results of two machine learning screening methods and validation in cervical disc specimens, CDKN3, SLC22A4, and SYDE1 were identified as key biomarkers for cervical IDD. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed significant differences, with higher rate of M0 macrophage and mast cell activation (P=0.004, P=0.004), and lower rate of T-cell CD8 and NK cell activation (P=0.045, P=0.024).
Conclusion: CDKN3, SLC22A4 and SYD1 are associated with the occurrence and progression of cervical IDD through the regulation of certain immune cells. Therefore, they have the potential to be the biomarkers for the diagnosis of cervical IDD and play a role in monitoring the progression of cervical IDD.
MiR-940-IL-32β-polymorphonuclear neutrophils pathway inhibits trophoblast cell invasion and induces inflammatory responses
Authors: fang Ming , chen Dan , yan Wen , jin Wen , chen Defang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The involvement of microRNA (miRNA) is of paramount importance in regulating the advancement of preeclampsia. Activating the immune system at the interface between the mother and fetus significantly contributes to the development of pre-eclampsia (PE). The activation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in patients with PE necessitates additional investigation to elucidate the underlying mechanism of PMNs activation. The present work has revealed the downregulation of miR-940 expression in the plasma exosomes of individuals diagnosed with preeclampsia, which is closely related to the increased invasion of trophoblastic cells and the induction of clinical symptoms related to inflammatory responses. The upregulation of interleukin-32 (IL-32) expression is notably observed in syncytiotrophoblast cells, with interleukin-32β(IL-32β) being the primary isoform exhibiting higher expression in the placenta of individuals diagnosed with PE. In vitro investigations indicate that IL-32β exhibits a significant capacity to activate PMNs. We identified IL-32β as a direct target of miR-940 through gene expression profiling and bioinformatics analysis. Patients with low miR-940 expression, high IL-32β level, and increased PMN number had more complications and poor perinatal prognosis.
Conclusion: miR-940-IL-32β-neutrophil feedback loop inhibits trophoblast invasion and induces inflammatory response.
Food waste and its economic dimension in retail and household stage
Authors: Durmuş Hasan , Gülmez Ahmet , Naimoğlu Mustafa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Turkey is ranked in the top 10 countries that waste food worldwide, which adversely impacts the socio-economic structure, particularly considering the significant increase in food prices. The Wednesday Bazaar in Sakarya is the largest market in the Marmara region of Turkey and a critical location due to its size, regular establishment, and high participation of locals. This study investigates the amount of food waste in Sakarya province and its effect on the economy and consumption. A mixed research method, combining quantitative and qualitative techniques, was used to conduct the study. Questionnaires were distributed to households in three districts to determine demographic characteristics and food waste, while the remaining waste was classified using a waste management system. The study found that bulgur had the highest share in waste, with 13.22% among monthly food products purchased, and the most wasted products in the market were pepper, salad, tomato, and onion. The research is unique in that it is the first to observe popular bazaars frequented by households and provides insights into improving personal practices to reduce food waste, contributing to a healthier environment and financial benefits.