bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between oropharyngeal ph-monitoring, pepsin saliva concentration and degree of apnea–hypopnea index of obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Bobin Francois , Lechien Jérôme R. 
Published: October 2023

Objective To investigate the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) through oropharyngeal pH-monitoring and pepsin saliva measurements. Design Prospective uncontrolled study. Methods Patients with sleep disturbances and reflux symptoms underwent polysomnography, 24-h oropharyngeal pH-monitoring and saliva pepsin collections. The prevalence of LPR was investigated in OSA patients according to oropharyngeal pH-monitoring and pepsin measurements. A correlation analysis was performed between pH-monitoring findings, pepsin saliva levels, reflux symptom score-12 (RSS-12), reflux sign assessment (RSA), Apnea–Hypopnea Index (AHI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pichot and arousal findings. Results Thirty-seven patients completed the evaluations. LPR was detected in 34/37 (92%) and 29/34 (85%) patients at the oropharyngeal-pH monitoring and pepsin test, respectively. OSA was detected in 30 patients (81%). Among them, LPR was detected in 28/30 (93%) cases. Pharyngeal reflux events mainly occurred nighttime/supine in OSA patients. Both Ryan score and supine reflux time at pH < 6.5 were significantly associated with BMI and the RSA sub- and total scores ( p < 0.02). Tongue-base hypertrophy score was positively associated with the number of micro-arousals ( p = 0.027); the supine percent of pH < 6.5 ( p = 0.030); morning ( p = 0.030) and bedtime pepsin saliva measurements ( p = 0.037). The bedtime pepsin saliva level was significantly associated with Ryan Score ( p = 0.047); AHI ( p = 0.017) and the sleep saturation < 90% time ( p = 0.040). The saliva level of the morning pepsin was associated with a shortest paradoxical sleep phase ( p = 0.013). Conclusion OSA patients may have high prevalence of pharyngeal reflux events at the oropharyngeal pH-monitoring and high pepsin saliva measurements. Oropharyngeal pH-monitoring should be useful for the correlation between reflux and sleep findings in OSA patients. Future large cohort controlled studies are needed to determine the prevalence of LPR in OSA and healthy individuals.
To die for: attractiveness, fashion, and health risks
Authors: Lennon Sharron J. , Kim Minjeong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to investigate perceptions of risks and benefits associated with popular risky fashion practices (tanning and wearing stilettos) among young adult women. Objectives were to (a) determine if fashion interest predicted benefit perceptions among young women, (b) determine the role of antecedents (fashion interest, risk perceptions, benefit perceptions, consumption emotions) in predicting the behavioral frequency of risky fashion practices, and (c) explore the extent to which tanning and wearing stilettos are similar/different in underlying mechanisms. Undergraduate women were emailed a link to a Qualtrics online survey and a total of 671 provided usable responses; 328 were tanners and 343 wore stilettos. Benefits tapped the attractiveness and fashionability that is expected from engaging in tanning and wearing stilettos, while risks focused on health risks such as melanoma or joint damage associated with tanning or wearing stilettos. Path analyses and decomposition of effects found that fashion interest was positively related to frequency of wearing stilettos, but was not related directly to tanning frequency. Fashion interest was a significant driver of perceived benefits for both risky behaviors. Benefit perceptions increased positive emotion and risk perceptions increased negative emotion; only positive emotion influenced the frequency of risky fashion practices. For both tanning and wearing stilettos, perceived benefits increased risky fashion practice frequency both directly and indirectly through positive emotion. However, perceived risks decreased fashion practice frequency only directly. Thus, perceived benefits outweigh perceived risks among women who engage in these risky fashion practices.
Successional action of Bacteroidota and Firmicutes in decomposing straw polymers in a paddy soil
Authors: Huang Junjie , Gao Kailin , Yang Lu , Lu Yahai 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Decomposition of plant biomass is vital for carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. In waterlogged soils including paddy fields and natural wetlands, plant biomass degradation generates the largest natural source of global methane emission. However, the intricate process of plant biomass degradation by diverse soil microorganisms remains poorly characterized. Here we report a chemical and metagenomic investigation into the mechanism of straw decomposition in a paddy soil.

Results
The chemical analysis of 16-day soil microcosm incubation revealed that straw decomposition could be divided into two stages based on the dynamics of methane, short chain fatty acids, dissolved organic carbon and monosaccharides. Metagenomic analysis revealed that the relative abundance of glucoside hydrolase (GH) encoding genes for cellulose decomposition increased rapidly during the initial stage (3–7 days), while genes involved in hemicellulose decomposition increased in the later stage (7–16 days). The increase of cellulose GH genes in initial stage was derived mainly from Firmicutes while Bacteroidota contributed mostly to the later stage increase of hemicellulose GH genes. Flagella assembly genes were prevalent in Firmicutes but scarce in Bacteroidota. Wood–Ljungdahl pathway (WLP) was present in Firmicutes but not detected in Bacteroidota. Overall, Bacteroidota contained the largest proportion of total GHs and the highest number of carbohydrate active enzymes gene clusters in our paddy soil metagenomes. The strong capacity of the Bacteroidota phylum to degrade straw polymers was specifically attributed to Bacteroidales and Chitinophagales orders, the latter has not been previously recognized.

Conclusions
This study revealed a collaborating sequential contribution of microbial taxa and functional genes in the decomposition of straw residues in a paddy soil. Firmicutes with the property of mobility, WLP and cellulose decomposition could be mostly involved in the initial breakdown of straw polymers, while Bacteroidota became abundant and possibly responsible for the decomposition of hemicellulosic polymers during the later stage.
Molecular profiling of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in Turkish patients with early-onset breast cancer
Authors: Karakaya Taner , Kocaaga Ayca 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Early-onset breast cancer (EOBC) is a specific condition that affects women under the age of 45. BRCA pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) germline variants have been demonstrated to be harbored in a subgroup of EOBC individuals, and BRCA-positive genetic result offers an option to ensure more specified therapeutic implications. Establishing comprehensive BRCA1/2 genetic testing, including both the detection of small-scale mutations and large genomic rearrangements (LGRs), is needed for risk assessment and clinical management. In this study, we described a Turkish EOBC cohort along with their clinico-pathological characteristics and BRCA1/2 mutational profiles. A total of 67 unrelated patients were enrolled. Both next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based gene panel and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) were performed for BRCA1/2 variant identification. Patients' family medical history and hormone receptor status of the tumors were also recorded.

Results
14 (20.90%) patients were found to carry BRCA P/LP germline variants. (Nine were BRCA2-positive, and five were BRCA1-positive.) Two novel BRCA2 variants were detected. No significant differences were found between BRCA-positive vs. BRCA-negative or BRCA1-positive vs. BRCA2-positive for hormonal status and family history.

Conclusions
BRCA1/2 genes represent a predominant part of the genetic landscape of EOBC. Our results expand the spectrum of BRCA1/2 variants and provide knowledge of the BRCA1/2 variant prevalence in our cohort.
Three-dimensional resistivity structure in Toya caldera region, Southwest Hokkaido, Japan — Constraints on magmatic and geothermal activities
Authors: Komori Shogo , Takakura Shinichi , Mitsuhata Yuji , Yokota Toshiyuki , Uchida Toshihiro , Makino Masahiko , Kato Yosuke , Yamamoto Kazuya 
Published: October 2023

Southwestern Hokkaido, Japan, is characterized by numerous Quaternary volcanoes and geothermal areas. At the same time, the region hosts various critical infrastructures, and there is a need to assess the impact of volcanic hazards on them. Geophysics could provide scientific clues for the hazard assessment by elucidating the abundance of subsurface magma. To clarify the resistivity structure from the crust to uppermost mantle of the Toya caldera, a representative Quaternary volcanic area, a wideband magnetotellurics survey of 117 points over land, sea, and lake areas, as well as 3D inversion, has been conducted. In combination with petrological and seismological findings, quantitative interpretation of the inverted model has found that conductive bodies in the uppermost mantle (14–68 [Formula: see text]) suggest the presence of melts (0.25 vol%–3.4 vol%) or fluids (0.068 vol%–0.45 vol%). An extremely conductive body (<10 [Formula: see text]) at a depth of approximately 3–14 km in the eastern geothermal area could be interpreted as a hydrothermal reservoir; below this body, the conductive column (1.8–15 [Formula: see text]), rising from the uppermost mantle, suggests fluid upwelling. In contrast, high resistivity (>100 [Formula: see text]) beneath Usu Volcano, the center of active volcanism, suggests that no mobile magma was present. A columnar-shaped region of slightly low resistivity (44 [Formula: see text] at minimum) is observed below the Toya caldera, which was inferred as cooling magma or an altered or heated upper crust attributed to past magma intrusion. A resistivity structure observed below the volcanic edifice is considered to reflect the steady state of the dormant volcanic system in this area, and there is likely no large amount of melt that would be deemed imminent for a caldera-forming eruption. This information could be a valuable scientific contribution to the volcanic hazard risk assessments currently being conducted in Japan.
Determining the location of the Bayan Obo rare earth elements mineralization body by the transfer learning method
Authors: Xue Guoqiang , Lv Pengfei , Chen Weiying , Li Xiaochun , Xu Ya , Wu XinWu , Wang Jian , Zhao Yonggang , Li Xianhua 
Published: October 2023

Bayan Obo is the largest rare earth element (REE) deposit in the world. The occurrence of REE is closely related to the dolomite in this area. Dolomite serves as the mother rock of REE mineralization and the ore body. How to accurately locate and characterize dolomite is the key to determining the distribution of REE and estimating its reserves. A large amount of geophysical work has been conducted in this area, including a dense seismic array, various electromagnetic methods, gravity and aeromagnetic surveys, as well as numerous petrophysical property measurements. To fully leverage the results obtained by these geophysical methods and develop an understanding of the physical property structure, a multisource geophysical data fusion technology is developed. First, various physical property profiles obtained from inversion on the same profile are converted into images with identical resolution and dimension. Then, an image adaptive feature extraction technique based on transfer learning is used to extract features of different scales from multisource images. Subsequently, the fusion image is reconstructed based on the local nearest neighbor weighted average feature fusion rule to obtain the final fusion result. This aids in identifying the spatial appearance pattern of the target for detection. Given the physical characteristics of the mineralized dolomite, which has high density, high resistivity, and high magnetic susceptibility, its location and shape can be defined in the fusion image. The results indicate that the occurrence depth of dolomite can extend up to 1500 m and the dolomite has a southward tilt as one of its primary structural characteristics. The predicted range of dolomite distribution is consistent with the formation range revealed by drilling, making it a reliable basis for predicting the distribution of rare earth ore bodies.
Past and Recent In-Migrations Accelerated by High Population Growth Rate Culminating in Socio-Economic and Environmental Changes in Greater Kamwenge, Western Uganda
Authors: Tumwine Fredrick Ruguma , Kizito Geofrey 
Published: October 2023

Greater Kamwenge, composed of Kamwenge and Kitagwenda districts has one of the highest population growth rates in the country (3.91%) during the period 2002 to 2014 compared to the national average of 3.03% (UBOS, 2014). The increasing population has resulted in an increase in population density from 82.69, 114.7, and 172.8 persons per square km in 1991, 2002, and 2014 respectively (UBOS, 2016). This paper was guided by three objectives: To examine the positive and negative implications of the continued increase of population in greater Kamwenge by both natural growth and in-migration. To analyze the positive and negative contributions of the in-migrants into the area. Suggest measures for improving the livelihoods of the inhabitants of the area. The paper utilised data from key informants and literature review. Land use land cover maps of the area of study were classified (maximum likelihood classification) using ArcGIS 10.8 software and the changes in land cover over the years were compared. The data was obtained from satellite images from 2000 to 2020. The authors observe that a number of benefits such as a variety of crops were introduced by the in-migrants at different times. Areas that were formerly infested with tsetse flies were made habitable by the in-migrants and animal rearing extended into areas that were not formally used for economic activity. On the other hand, the increase in population has led to encroachment on areas that were not formerly settled and cultivated leading to soil creep, erosion, destruction of wetlands, forests, and woodlands. The authors recommend strengthening the benefits of the immigrants in order to reduce poverty in the area. In addition, the authors recommend vigorous campaigns for modern family planning methods to reduce the high population growth, emphasize education and mindset change.
Ehrhart theory of paving and panhandle matroids
Authors: Hanely Derek , Martin Jeremy L. , McGinnis Daniel , Miyata Dane , Nasr George D. , Vindas-Meléndez Andrés R. , Yin Mei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We show that the base polytope P

M
of any paving matroid M can be systematically obtained from a hypersimplex by slicing off certain subpolytopes, namely base polytopes of lattice path matroids corresponding to panhandle-shaped Ferrers diagrams. We calculate the Ehrhart polynomials of these matroids and consequently write down the Ehrhart polynomial of P

M
, starting with Katzman’s formula for the Ehrhart polynomial of a hypersimplex. The method builds on and generalizes Ferroni’s work on sparse paving matroids. Combinatorially, our construction corresponds to constructing a uniform matroid from a paving matroid by iterating the operation of stressed-hyperplane relaxation introduced by Ferroni, Nasr and Vecchi, which generalizes the standard matroid-theoretic notion of circuit-hyperplane relaxation. We present evidence that panhandle matroids are Ehrhart positive and describe a conjectured combinatorial formula involving chain forests and Eulerian numbers from which Ehrhart positivity of panhandle matroids will follow. As an application of the main result, we calculate the Ehrhart polynomials of matroids associated with Steiner systems and finite projective planes, and show that they depend only on their design-theoretic parameters: for example, while projective planes of the same order need not have isomorphic matroids, their base polytopes must be Ehrhart equivalent.
Effects of different light conditions on transient expression and biomass in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves
Authors: Zhang Yuejing , Ru Yi , Shi Zhenzhen , Wang Hanqi , Zhang Ji , Wu Jianping , Pang Hailong , Feng Hanqing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the process of the production of recombinant proteins by using an Agrobacterium-mediated transient gene expression system, the effectiveness of the control of light conditions pre- and post-agroinfiltration on efficiency of transient expression is worth being evaluated. In this study, Nicotiana benthamiana plants were used as a bioreactor to investigate the effects of different light conditions pre- and post-agroinfiltration on the transient expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP). The results showed that the plants grown under light condition for 5 weeks had the highest level of transient expression among those grown for 4–8 weeks. In the pre-agroinfiltration, the level of transient expression of GFP was obviously decreased by the increase in light intensity or by the shortening of the photoperiod. Although the shortening of the photoperiod post-agroinfiltration also decreased the level of transient expression, moderate light intensity post-agroinfiltration was needed for higher level of transient expression efficiency. However, there was no strong correlation between the transient expression efficiency and plant growth. The results suggested that light condition was an important factor affecting the level of transient expression in plants. Hence, light conditions should be optimized to obtain higher productivity of recombinant protein from transient expression systems.
IL-17 in osteoarthritis: A narrative review
Authors: Xiao Juan , Zhang Ping , Cai Fang-Lan , Luo Cheng-Gen , Pu Tao , Pan Xiao-Li , Tian Mei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful joint disease that is common among the middle-aged and elderly populations, with an increasing prevalence. Therapeutic options for OA are limited, and the pathogenic mechanism of OA remains unclear. The roles of cytokines and signaling pathways in the development of OA is a current research hot spot. Interleukin (IL)-17 is a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine produced mainly by T helper 17 cells that has established roles in host defense, tissue repair, lymphoid tissue metabolism, tumor progression, and pathological processes of immune diseases, and studies in recent years have identified an important role for IL-17 in the progression of OA. This narrative review focuses on the mechanisms by which IL-17 contributes to articular cartilage degeneration and synovial inflammation in OA and discusses how IL-17 and the IL-17 signaling pathway affect the pathological process of OA. Additionally, therapeutic targets that have been proposed in recent years based on IL-17 and its pathway in OA are summarized as well as recent advances in the study of IL-17 pathway inhibitors and the potential challenges of their use for OA treatment.
Diagnostic sample transport via pneumatic tube systems: data logger and their algorithms are sensitive to transport effects
Authors: Ninnemann Jana , Zylla Stephanie , Streichert Thomas , Otto Benjamin , Haenel Mattis , Nauck Matthias , Petersmann Astrid 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Many hospitals use pneumatic tube systems (PTS) for transport of diagnostic samples. Continuous monitoring of PTS and evaluation prior to clinical use is recommended. Data loggers with specifically developed algorithms have been suggested as an additional tool in PTS evaluation. We compared two different data loggers.

Methods
Transport types – courier, conventional (cPTS) and innovative PTS (iPTS) – were monitored using two data loggers (MSR145® logger, CiK Solutions GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany, and a prototype developed at the University Medicine Greifswald). Data loggers differ in algorithm, recording frequencies and limit of acceleration detection. Samples from apparently healthy volunteers were split among the transport types and results for 37 laboratory measurands were compared.

Results
For each logger specific arbitrary units were calculated. Area-under-the-curve (AUC)-values (MSR145®) were lowest for courier and highest for iPTS and increased with increasing recording frequencies. Stress (St)-values (prototype logger) were obtained in kmsu (1,000*mechanical stress unit) and were highest for iPTS as well. Statistical differences between laboratory measurement results of transport types were observed for three measurands sensitive for hemolysis.

Conclusions
The statistical, but not clinical, differences in the results for hemolysis sensitive measurands may be regarded as an early sign of preanalytical impairment. Both data loggers record this important interval of beginning mechanical stress with a high resolution indicating their potential to facilitate early detection of preanalytical impairment. Further studies should identify suitable recording frequencies. Currently, evaluation and monitoring of diagnostic sample transport should not only rely on data loggers but also include diagnostic samples.
Tranexamic acid and pre-hospital trauma setting: Is everything clear by now?
Authors: Frontera Regina , Barone Mirko 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An early use of tranexamic acid (TXA) in polytrauma patients has long been emphasized, although several conflicting evidence make its applicability still controversial and claims debate. Several multicenter trials have been conducted and the latter appear to collide with recent evidence published in the literature. In particular, the putative effects of early prognostic and hospitalization are still far from a common recommendation. We believe conflicting evidence derives from an unproper standardization of the pre-hospital setting, where non-diversified demographic factors, such as sociodemographic ones and accessibility to resources, still play a significant and detrimental role in patients’ outcomes. Moreover, evaluation and investigation of the real benefits of TXA administration in the trauma patient according to the different settings or scenarios are required, as the availability of resources could represent a non-negligible bias that could lead to evidence too far from universal applicability and accessibility.