bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective cohort analysis of outpatient antibiotic prescribing for community-acquired pneumonia in Canadian older adults
Authors: Saatchi Ariana , Reid Jennifer N. , Shariff Salimah Z. , Povitz Marcus , Silverman Michael , Patrick David M. , Morris Andrew M. , McCormack James , Haverkate Manon R. , Marra Fawziah 
Published: October 2023

Background
This retrospective cohort study is the first in North America to examine population-level appropriate antibiotic use for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in older adults, by agent, dose and duration. With the highest rates of CAP reported in the elderly populations, appropriate antibiotic use is essential to improve clinical outcomes. Given the ongoing crisis of antimicrobial resistance, understanding inappropriate antibiotic prescribing is integral to direct community stewardship efforts.

Methods
All outpatient primary care visits for CAP (aged ≥65 years) were identified using physician billing codes between January 1 2014 to December 31 2018 in British Columbia (BC) and Ontario (ON). Categories of prescribing were derived from existing literature, and constructed for clinical relevance using Canadian and international guidelines available during the study period. Categories were mutually exclusive and included: guideline adherent (first-line agent, adherent dose/duration), clinically appropriate (non-first line agent, presence of comorbidities), effective but unnecessary (first-line agent, excess dose/duration), undertreatment (first-line agent, subtherapeutic dose/duration), and not recommended (non-first line agent, absence of comorbidities). Proportions of prescribing were examined by category. Temporal trends in prescribing were examined using Poisson regression.

Results
A total of 436,441 episodes of CAP were identified, with 46% prescribed an antibiotic in BC, and 52% in Ontario. Guideline adherent prescribing was minimal for both provinces (BC: 2%; ON: 1%) however the largest magnitude of increase was reported in this category by the final study year (BC—Rate Ratio [RR]: 3.4, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 2.7–4.3; ON—RR: 4.62, 95% CI: 3.4–6.5). Clinically appropriate prescribing accounted for the most antibiotics issued, across all study years (BC: 61%; ON: 74%) (BC—RR: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.8–0.8; ON—RR: 0.9, 95% CI: 0.8–0.9). Excess duration of therapy was the hallmark characteristic for effective but unnecessary prescribing (BC: 92%; ON: 99%). The most common duration prescribed was 7 days, followed by 10. Not recommended prescribing was minimal in both provinces (BC: 4%; ON: 7%) and remained stable by the final study year (BC—RR: 1.1, 95% CI: 0.9–1.2; ON—RR: 0.9, 95% CI: 0.9–1.1).

Conclusion
Three quarters of antibiotic prescribing for CAP was appropriate in Ontario, but only two thirds in BC. Shortening durations—in line with evidence for 3 to 5-day treatment presents a focused target for stewardship efforts.
Acute effects of unilateral and bilateral conditioning activity on countermovement jump, linear speed, and muscle stiffness: A randomized crossover study
Authors: Biel Piotr , Zubik Mateusz , Filip-Stachnik Aleksandra , Ewertowska Paulina , Krzysztofik Michał 
Published: October 2023

PurposeEvidence directly comparing the effects of bilateral and unilateral conditioning activities is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the acute effect of unilateral and bilateral conditioning activity on vastus lateralis stiffness, countermovement jump parameters, and 10 m sprint.MethodsTwelve semi-professional basketball players participated in this study (age: 23 ± 4 yrs; body mass: 84.7 ± 10.6 kg; body height: 192 ± 6 cm; basketball training experience: 11 ± 4 yrs) performed four experimental sessions to compare the acute effects of bilateral, stronger-only, weaker-only lower limb or no conditioning activity on vastus lateralis stiffness, countermovement jumps variables (height; peak velocity; peak force, contraction time, countermovement depth, and modified reactive strength index and 10 m sprint time. Measurements were performed 5 minutes before and in the 5thand 10thminutes after CA.ResultsBilateral conditioning activity significantly increase the countermovement jump height (p = 0.002; ES = 0.71) and the reactive strength index modified (p = 0.010; ES = 0.59). Moreover, a significantly higher peak force in the stronger than in the weaker limb was found (p<0.001) without any differences between conditions and time points (p>0.05). However, there were no significant (p>0.05) interactions and effects of conditions or time-point in the case of the other countermovement jump variables, vastus lateralis stiffness, and 10m sprint time.ConclusionUnilateral and bilateral drop jumps (3 sets of 5 repetitions) did not affect the vastus lateralis stiffness and time of the 10m sprint. However, only bilateral drop jumps effectively enhanced the countermovement jump height and modified reactive strength index. Bilateral drop jumps might be a useful part of a warm-up to improve jumping performance in basketball players.
Diagnostic Yield of Ambulatory Reflux Monitoring Systems for Evaluation of Chronic Laryngeal Symptoms
Authors: Krause Amanda J. , Greytak Madeline , Kaizer Alexander M. , Carlson Dustin A. , Chan Walter W. , Chen Chien-Lin , Gyawali C. Prakash , Jenkins Andrew , Pandolfino John E. , Polamraju Vinathi , Wong Ming-Wun , Yadlapati Rena 
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Among patients with chronic laryngeal symptoms, ambulatory reflux monitoring off acid suppression is recommended to evaluate for laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). However, reflux monitoring systems are diverse in configuration and monitoring capabilities, which present a challenge in creating a diagnostic reference standard in these patients. This study aimed to compare diagnostic yield and performance between reflux monitoring systems in patients with chronic laryngeal symptoms.

METHODS:
This multicenter, international study of adult patients referred for evaluation of LPR over a 5-year period (March 2018–May 2023) assessed and compared diagnostic yield of pathologic gastroesophageal reflux (GER+) on ambulatory reflux monitoring off acid suppression.

RESULTS:
Of 813 patients, 296 (36%) underwent prolonged wireless pH, 532 (65%) underwent 24-hour pH-impedance monitoring, and 15 (2%) underwent both tests. Overall diagnostic yield for GER+ was 36% and greater for prolonged wireless pH compared with that for 24-hour pH-impedance monitoring (50% vs 27%; P < 0.01). Among 15 patients who underwent both prolonged wireless pH and 24-h pH-impedance monitoring, concordance between systems for GER+ was 40%. The most common source of discordance was strong evidence of GER+ across multiple days on prolonged wireless pH compared with no evidence of GER+ on pH-impedance.

DISCUSSION:
In this multicenter international study of patients with chronic laryngeal symptoms referred for LPR evaluation, diagnostic yield of ambulatory reflux monitoring off acid suppression was 36% and rose to 50% when using wireless pH monitoring. In patients referred for chronic laryngeal symptoms, 24-hour pH-impedance monitoring may risk a low negative predictive value in patients with unproven GER+ disease.
Barnbiblioteket Saga och den unga läsaren
Authors: Widhe Olle 
Published: October 2023

Barnbiblioteket Saga and the Young Reader: The Rhetoric of Editing in Children’s Literature Publishing
In this article, I explore the archive of the publishing company Svensk läraretidnings förlag and the children’s book series Barnbiblioteket Saga (The Children’s Library Saga). Instead of considering the published Saga texts as the products of individual creativity, this article emphasizes the editorial process as an aesthetic-pedagogical function and literary production as an editorial art form. The article addresses two central questions: What editorial practices can be identified in the preserved manuscripts, and what principles guiding the editors can be discerned from these practices? In connection with this, I present two models to describe the publisher’s manuscript practices, which can be employed to gain a broader understanding of the importance of editorial manuscript work in publishing. The archival material shows that the editorial process was continually influenced by a rhetorical audience. To a significant extent, the various stages of manuscript handling were driven by pedagogical concerns and rooted in how children’s needs, interests, and resources were perceived. However, the editorial work was also strongly motivated by aesthetic considerations, which were closely intertwined with the pedagogical aspects.
Gender Differences and Firm Performance: Evidence from India
Authors: Roy Aditi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Despite a growing literature investigating the effect of gender diversity of CEOs and firm performance, the answer is still unclear. This study estimates the effect of gender differences in ownership and Leadership (CEOs) on firm performance simultaneously. The paper exploits a unique data from more than 9000 Indian firms by using fixed effects and propensity score matching techniques. Findings reveal a positive significant effect of female CEOs on firm performance but no definite effect of female owners on firm performance. The effect is more prominent in progressive and high-sex ratio states in India. Third, the evidence suggests potential payoffs to firms that adopt gender-inclusive policies intended to increase the share of female CEOs in India. Results confirm no bias from unobservable covariates.
Comparative study of shell element formulations as NLFE parameters to forecast structural crashworthiness
Authors: Prabowo Aditya Rio , Ridwan Ridwan , Braun Moritz , Song Shi , Ehlers Sören , Firdaus Nurman , Adiputra Ristiyanto 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This work made a comparison of the effects of selected element formulations (EFs) through nonlinear finite element analysis (NLFEA) and physical configurations in scenario design, particularly target locations. The combined results help in quantifying structural performance, focusing on crashworthiness criteria. The analysis involves nonlinear dynamic finite element methods, using an explicit approach applied to an idealized system. This system models ship-to-ship collisions, specifically the interaction between Ro and Ro and cargo reefer vessels, with one striking the other. Summarizing initial NLFEA results reveals that the chosen EF significantly influences the crashworthiness criteria. Notably, differences in formulations lead to different calculation times. The Belytschko–Tsay (BT) EF is the quickest, followed by the Belytschko–Leviathan (BL), with around a 36% difference. Conversely, formulations such as the Hughes–Liu involve much longer processing times, more than twice that of BT. To address the potential impact of shear locking and hourglassing on calculation accuracy during impact, the fully integrated (FI) version of the EF is used. It mitigates these undesired events. For formulations with the same approach, the FI BT formulation suppresses hourglassing effectively, unlike others that show orthogonal hourglassing increments. To ensure reliability, rules were set to assess hourglassing. The criterion is that the ratio of hourglass energy to internal energy should be ≤10%. All formulations meet this criterion and are suitable as geometric models in NLFEA. Regarding reliability and processing time, analyzing the computation time offers insights. Based on calculations, BL is the fastest, followed by Belytschko–Wong–Chiang, while the FI BT formulation takes more time for the same collision case.
International cooperation on (counter)publics between tradition and reorientation: Social democracy and its media in the Cold War era
Authors: Venema Niklas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Since its early days, the labor movement has considered itself to be surrounded by a hostile bourgeois public and sought to counter this with a party press. As a result of the Cold War, Western social democratic parties abandoned in part their traditional beliefs about demarcation. Nevertheless, with the International Federation of the Socialist and Democratic Press, an organization emerged from 1951 to 1982 that manifested separation from the bourgeois public sphere. Drawing on an analytical framework derived from counterpublic theory, this article analyzes ideas and practices developed by members of the organization linked to the Socialist International. The analysis of archival sources reveals that social democratic journalists and publishers remained wedded to the idea of a socialist press countering a hostile public sphere. However, the ideas and practices were mostly limited to strategies aimed at adapting to the existing media structures and only later included media policy approaches.
Some classes of topological spaces and the space of G-permutation degree
Authors: Kočinac Ljubiša D. R. , Mukhamadiev Farkhod G. , Sadullaev Anvar K. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we study the behavior of some classes of
topological spaces under the influence of the functor of G-permutation degree

𝖲𝖯
G
n

{\operatorname{\sf SP}^{n}_{G}}

. We prove:

(a)
if a space X is an r-space, then so is

𝖲𝖯
G
n

⁡
X

{\operatorname{\sf SP}_{G}^{n}X}

,

(b)
if X is a cosmic space, then so is

𝖲𝖯
G
n

⁡
X

{\operatorname{\sf SP}_{G}^{n}X}

,

(c)
if a space X is a

C
⁢

(
κ
)

{C(\kappa)}

-cosmic, then so is

𝖲𝖯
G
n

⁡
X

{\operatorname{\sf SP}_{G}^{n}X}

,

(d)
if a space X is an α-space, then so is

𝖲𝖯
G
n

⁡
X

{\operatorname{\sf SP}_{G}^{n}X}

.
Are foreign language teaching enjoyment and motivation two sides of the same coin?
Authors: Onodera Takeshi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Positive psychology (PP) plays a crucial role in second language (L2) education. A positive psychological state in teachers leads not only to higher-quality instruction delivery but to personal well-being. Foreign language teaching enjoyment (FLTE), a recently conceptualized notion of positive L2 teaching emotion, has received a burgeoning interest in L2 teaching research. However, FLTE remains far from being fully understood in that the overreliance on quantitative methods has veiled how it is interconnected with other psychological variables and how it is experienced by teachers. This study aimed to explore L2 teachers’ enjoyment and motivation through the lens of PP with reference to Broaden-and-Build theory. A mixed-methods approach was used to investigate 63 Japanese secondary teachers of English regarding their FLTE and self-determined motivation. The results from the questionnaire data showed that FLTE was significantly positively correlated with autonomous motivation driven by internal-related factors and negatively with amotivation. Furthermore, demographic factors had limited effects only on autonomous motivation. Semi-structured interviews shed light on how enjoyment and motivation were engendered by teacher-internal and -external factors. The study concluded that these psychological cogwheels were dynamic, emphasizing the important implications of teachers experiencing PP. Limitations and suggestions for future research are also highlighted.
Adversative and experiential applicative constructions in Northern Amis (Austronesian)
Authors: Bril Isabelle 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Experiential constructions is an understudied topic in western Austronesian languages. The focus is on Northern Amis (Formosan), with some crosslinguistic comparison. In Amis, experiential constructions are derived by a syncretic suffix –en, which is also an Undergoer Voice suffix. In experiential constructions, –en is suffixed to stative-intransitive verbs compatible with experiences, and functions as an applicative voice that licenses an extra-thematic experiencer marked as the nominative argument, generally with adverse meaning. Though reminiscent of adversative passives in some Asian languages, experiential constructions in Amis are not passives, nor are they standard Undergoer Voice –en constructions for two main reasons: (i) they are restricted to stative and intransitive stems; (ii) their argument structure and case-marking are different. It is argued that the source of Amis experiential constructions is a Proto-Austronesian adversative *ka- … -an/-en construction (Blust, Robert. 1999. Notes on Pazeh phonology and morphology. Oceanic Linguistics 38(2). 321–365) and that Amis innovated by creating a verbal ma- … -en experiential applicative construction from that originally non-finite construction.
Design of smart farming communication and web interface using MQTT and Node.js
Authors: Turnip Arjon , Pebriansyah Fikri Rida , Simarmata Tualar , Sihombing Poltak , Joelianto Endra 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The sustainable development goals (SDGs) are a UN agenda that has been approved by all UN member states. The SDGs have 17 targets, one of which is to eliminate hunger. In 2050, the world’s population is expected to reach 9.7 billion people. Improved soil and water management, according to the World Resources Institute, is one of the options for feeding 10 billion people sustainably by 2050. In comparison to conventional farming, smart and precision farming produces higher productivity at a lower cost. Based on the search for literature studies related to the development of agricultural technology, it was found that communication methods and online interfaces still require further improvement. The steps for developing the system are designing the architecture and end-to-end communication flow, designing use case diagrams, designing entity-relationship diagrams, designing user flow diagrams, implementing the system through code development, and finally testing the system. Planned communication and web design for precision smart agriculture are implemented effectively. The MQTT is used to communicate with the Node.js server worker. Data from numeric image feeds and images are directly processed by the system. The server will store all received data, including numeric data and live feeds, for future use. The back end of the website has many functions such as dataset management, device management, user administration, firmware management, control management, and live image feed management are some of the capabilities available. When 100 users access the system simultaneously, the RAM usage on the server is 167 MB. RAM utilization reaches 389 MB when 400 users access the system simultaneously. The limit for simultaneous user connections to the web interface is 400 users. The maximum number of devices that can be connected simultaneously via MQTT communication is 900.
Mechanical Properties Analysis of Cylindrical Roller Bearings with Different Profiles under Combined Load
Authors: Hu Xilong , Li Zihang , Yang Lihua , Han Yaoyu , Xu Endian , Wang Chongyang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Rolling bearing is one of the core basic components of the aero-engine, which mainly undertakes the role of supporting the rotor and the corresponding parts and transferring the load. Considering the rotating effect and important error sources such as axial predeformation and radial clearance that may occur during the installation of cylindrical roller bearings, this paper establishes a four-degree-of-freedom static analysis model of cylindrical roller bearings based on Hertzian elastic contact theory and conducts a comparative study on the mechanical characteristics of aero-cylindrical roller bearings with different profiles. The results show that as the radial load increases, the radial displacement and stiffness of the roller bearing will increase, whereas the fatigue life of the bearing will gradually decrease. Compared with the external load, the rotating speed has less influence on the stiffness of roller bearings. In addition, the profile of rolling elements as a basic structural parameter of the bearing will also have a greater impact on the mechanical properties of the roller bearings, which should be designed and used in conjunction with the actual situation in engineering applications.
Optimizing the Use of Solid-Phase Reversible Immobilization Beads for High-Throughput Full-Length 16S rDNA Sequencing Library Construction
Authors: Li Yinmei , He Ziqiang , Kong Mimi , Jin Dong 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
Solid-phase reversible immobilization (SPRI) beads are widely used for high-throughput sequencing library construction to purify and recover nucleic acids. This research was aimed at investigating the effects of SPRI bead ratio, incubation time, and elution time on nucleic acid recovery during full-length 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing library construction.

Methods:
The effects of different SPRI bead ratios, incubation times, and elution times were compared for three different initial sample amounts. An L9(33) orthogonal experiment was designed to determine the optimal combination of these factors.

Results:
The incubation time of three factors including SPRI beads ratio, incubation time, and elution time had a statistically significant effect on the recovery rate for the initial sample amount of 1500 ng and 3000 ng. The orthogonal experiment results indicated that incubation time had the greatest impact among the three factors.

Conclusion:
Incubation time significantly influences recovery rate in full-length 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing library construction. The use of 0.8× SPRI beads, 15 minutes of incubation, and 10 minutes of elution resulted in the highest recovery rate. SPRI beads offer a viable method for recovering full-length 16S rDNA amplicons.