bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Common Ground: The Unique Synergy Between the Oil Field and Aerospace
Authors: Wright Blake 
Published: December 2023

Though disparate locations, outer space and the oil field have much more in common than one might think. Both can be taxing on operations and often redefine the idea of an isolated and, at times, hostile work environment. Harsh atmospheric conditions and wide-ranging pressure regimes call for unique technological applications and operations to achieve the best performance and results, whether it’s the gravitational and meteorological challenges of another planet or the crushing pressures and changing meta-ocean conditions of the deep offshore.
Despite the obvious differences, operating in both the terran oil field and the blackness of space offer hurdles that can be cleared by similar means. Shared technologies between the two industries have been around for decades and center around disciplines like automation, robotics, and remote sensing.
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) itself has dabbled in oilfield studies, especially when it comes to greenhouse gas emissions and their impact on the atmosphere. In 2021, the agency’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, along with the University of Arizona and Arizona State University, completed a study to identify methane super-emitters in the Permian Basin.
The month-long, airborne study concluded that fixing the worst leaks identified in the area’s infrastructure could cut methane emissions by 55 tons an hour, equivalent to 5.5% of the US Environmental Protection Agency’s estimates of all methane emissions from hydrocarbon production across the entire US. The study pointed to malfunctioning equipment as the likely culprit for the 123 sources found.
Conversely, NASA has also tapped into oilfield technology for some of its planned drilling operations on the moon. It will be the first such operation on any planetary body outside of the Earth. One of the earliest directives of NASA’s Artemis program is to try and find water near the lunar South Pole.
Polar Resources Ice Mining Experiment-1 (PRIME-1) will be the first in-situ resource utilization demonstration on the moon. For the first time, NASA will robotically sample and analyze for ice from below the surface. PRIME-1 will use TRIDENT (The Regolith and Ice Drill for Exploring New Terrain) to drill in a single location at a site with a high likelihood of having water, whether in liquid or ice form.
TRIDENT was developed and supplied by Honeybee Robotics, which also supplies geotechnical tools and sensors, among other tech, to the oil patch.
The system, to be integrated into VIPER, NASA’s first robotic moon rover, will drill about a meter below the surface, each time bringing up samples that NASA will analyze with a mass spectrometer.
The launch of the NOVA-C, which carries the PRIME-1, was previously delayed. At press time, the payload was due to blast off on board Space X’s Falcon 9 rocket in early 2024. NASA said in October the VIPER will reach its destination at Mons Mouton near the lunar South Pole in November 2024.
Determining population structure from k-mer frequencies.
Authors: Hrytsenko Yana , Daniels Noah M. , Schwartz Rachel S. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background:
Understanding population structure within species provides information on connections among different populations and how they evolve over time. This knowledge is important for studies ranging from evolutionary biology to large-scale variant-trait association studies. Current approaches to determining population structure include model-based approaches, statistical approaches, and distance-based ancestry inference approaches. In this work, we identify population structure from DNA sequence data using an alignment-free approach. We use the frequencies of short DNA substrings from across the genome (k-mers) with principal component analysis (PCA). K-mer frequencies can be viewed as a summary statistic of a genome and have the advantage of being easily derived from a genome by counting the number of times a k-mer occurred in a sequence. In contrast, most population structure work employing PCA uses multilocus genotype data (SNPs, microsatellites, or haplotypes). No genetic assumptions must be met to generate k-mers, whereas current population structure approaches often depend on several genetic assumptions and can require careful selection of ancestry informative markers to identify populations.
Results:
In this work, we show that PCA is able to determine population structure just from the frequency of k-mers found in the genome. The application of PCA and a clustering algorithm to k-mer profiles of genomes provides an easy approach to detecting the number and composition of populations (clusters) present in the dataset. The results are comparable to those found by a model-based approach using genetic markers. We validate our method using 48 human genomes from populations identified by the 1000 Human Genomes Project, as well as simulations.
Conclusions:
This study shows that PCA, together with the clustering algorithm, is able to detect population structure from k-mer frequencies and can separate samples of admixed and non-admixed origin. Using k-mer frequencies to determine population structure has the potential to avoid some challenges of existing methods.
Remote Sensing Images based Road Network Extraction using Deep Learning: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sharma Palvi , kumar rakesh , Gupta Meenu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Automatic extraction of roads based on data-driven methods is essential for various aspects such as route optimization, traffic management, GPS navigation, disaster management, defense, and security intelligence, etc. Due to the occlusion of trees, vehicles, buildings, etc., it is challenging. A systematic review is proposed in this study to overcome the challenges. More than 214 articles from 2018–2022 are collected using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines from different databases (i.e., Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), IEEE Explorer), and 44 are reviewed. The article selection process is based on keywords like "Deep Learning (DL)," "Road Extraction," "High- Resolution Remote Sensing Images (HRRSI)," etc. The different datasets used by the researchers are also discussed in this study, along with the type of sensors and satellites used to collect HRRSI images. This study aims to provide a proposed solution to the investigations retrieved from the previous research work. After analysis, it is concluded that the factors retrieved from this rigorous analysis can be considered to propose a novel model that can resolve the issue of accurate extraction of roads.
Numerical Study of Spark Plug Electrode Gap Influence of in-cylinder Ethanol Flame Propagation
Authors: Martins Fernanda Pinheiro , TeixeiraLacava Pedro 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Within the current restringing emissions regulations the trends for renewable fuel adoption, such as ethanol, have grown in the automotive industry. Besides the benefits when used as the single fuel, ethanol can also leverage the advantages in the context of hybrid vehicles by replacing the petroleum derived fuels in such configuration. In this scenario, the optimization of combustion events in internal combustion engines is paramount to not only promote high performance, but also support fuel economy. Factors such as the combustion chamber design, the positioning of the spark plug and the injector are crucial to support a successful flame propagation, avoiding misfires and decreasing knock propensity. In addition, wearing of those parts can jeopardize the occurrence of reliable and stable combustion events leading to poor emission performance, high fuel consumption and potential hardware damages due to occurrence of knocking events. This research aims to numerically analyze the effects of different spark plug electrode gaps in engine-like conditions by applying STAR-CD, a computational fluid dynamics commercial software, to mimic different configurations and operational conditions. The validation and tuning of the numerical models are conducted based on experimental tests performed in an optically accessible direct injection spark ignition engine, operating with two ethanol-based fuels, E96W4 and E100. Thermodynamic data was simultaneously acquired and correlated with the digital UV-visible images in cycle-resolved basis. The numerical models adopted consist of 3-Zones Extended Coherent Flame and Imposed Stretch Spark Ignition Models, applied for the modeling of the combustion and the spark plug respectively.
Friction Performance of Typical Spiral Groove End Face with Dry Gas Sealing Rings
Authors: chen delin , Chen Jinxin , Wang Qing , Ding Xuexing 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The friction performances of the end face in dry gas seals with spiral grooves were investigated. In the meantime, the influence of the spiral groove structural parameters on friction performance was revealed under dry frictional conditions. Hard-hard friction pairs consisting of SiC end faces with spiral grooves and DLC (Diamond like Carbon) micro-textured sealing ring end faces were chosen as the research subjects. Dry friction tests were conducted using a HDM20 end face friction and wear testing machine on spiral groove dry gas sealing rings with spiral angles of 16° and 18°. By analyzing the variations in friction temperature and friction coefficient, the friction mechanisms of the sealing rings and the impact of the spiral angle on end face friction performance were examined. The results proposed that the 18° spiral groove end face exhibits slightly lower friction temperature and friction coefficient compared to the 16° spiral groove end face, indicating a more pronounced reduction in wear and smoother operation of the friction pair. The findings of this study provide a basis for understanding the frictional characteristics of sealing ring end faces and optimizing groove structures.
Recent intensification of the negative physiological effect of CO2 on terrestrial evaporation
Authors: Wang Weiguang , Qian Haiyang , Chen Zefeng , Koppa Akash , Liu Guoshuai , Miralles Diego 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The net physiological effect of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (aCO2) on terrestrial evaporation (ET) is highly uncertain. While increased CO2 fertilization elevates ET through more biomass production, the reduction in stomatal conductance (gs) that it downregulates ET. Here, using satellite-based estimates of ET and dynamic vegetation models, we investigate the physiological influence of aCO2 on ET, and isolate the respective contribution of biomass increase and gs reduction. Our results indicate that the CO2 fertilization had a net negative effect of –4.4±0.3×10–2 mm ppm–1 on ET over 1982–2018. The negative physiological effect tends to intensify with increasing aCO2, particularly in warm and humid forests. The high sensitivity of ET to gs may attenuate the expected water cycle acceleration over land, although the future evolution of these two competing physiological processes remains uncertain.
Lung involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: de Souza Silvana Magalhães Passos , Alves Tatiana Senna Galvão Nonato , Silva Ana Flávia , de Oliveira Isabela Silva , Laporte Larrie , Nogueira Carla , Ferreira Lucas Guimarães Andrade , Santiago Mittermayer 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily characterized by joint pain and swelling. However, it can also affect various organs, including the heart, nervous system, eyes, and lungs. Pulmonary involvement is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in RA patients, encompassing a spectrum of manifestations such as interstitial lung disease (ILD), bronchiectasis, pleural involvement, and more. ILD can progress to pulmonary fibrosis, impacting the overall prognosis of RA.
Methods
It is a prospective, analytical, and descriptive cross-sectional study conducted between September 2019 and September 2022 involving RA patients diagnosed according to the 2010 classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR). Structured interviews collected demographic and clinical data, while laboratory tests, HRCT scans, and pulmonary function tests were performed. Disease activity was assessed using DAS-28 and SDAI.
Results
A total of 203 patients were included, predominantly female (88%), with a mean age of 57.14 years. Most patients were non-smokers (74.9%) and exhibited moderate disease activity (35% by DAS-28, 41.1% by SDAI). Nearly half of the sample had antibodies, with 47.5% positive for RF and 48.5% for Anti-CCP. HRCT revealed abnormalities in 89.6% of patients, with ILD present in 17% and pulmonary fibrosis in 6.5%. RF was associated with ILD and small airway involvement, while male gender correlated with emphysema and small airway involvement.
Conclusions
Pulmonary involvement, assessed via HRCT, was highly prevalent in RA patients, even those without respiratory symptoms. These findings underscore the importance of early pulmonary evaluation during RA, as well as the need for monitoring and managing pulmonary manifestations, particularly in patients with specific risk factors such as male gender, advanced age, and positive antibodies.
Preliminary purification and partial characterization of a functional bacteriocin of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Zhang and mining for its gene cluster
Authors: Huang Tian , Li Zhaojie , Qu Xinan , Yao Guoqiang , Kwok Lai-Yu , He Qiuwen , Zhang Heping 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria have good potential for use as food biopreservatives. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Zhang (L. paracasei Zhang) is both a food use and a probiotic bacterium. This study aimed to purify and preliminary characterize the active antibacterial metabolite of L. paracasei Zhang. The cell free supernatant of L. paracasei Zhang was collected and purified by ultrafiltration and gel filtration chromatography. The 1–3 kDa active fraction could inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus but not Escherichia coli. Further antibacterial activity assays revealed its capacity in suppressing various foodborne and human opportunistic pathogens (including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, and Bacillus cereus), but not fungi. The antibacterial activity showed good tolerance to heat (40℃ to 100℃), acid-base (pH 2–3 and pH 6–10), and digestions by a number of industrial and animal/human enzymes (such as trypsin, pepsin, α-amylase and protease K, except papain); these desired properties make it a suitable biopreservative to be used in harsh and complex industrial production processes. The high papain sensitivity suggested a proteinaceous/peptide nature of the bioactivity. Moreover, our genomic data mining for bacteriocin through BAGEL4 revealed an area of interest encoding a complete set of putative genes required for bacteriocin production. In conclusion, our study showed that L. paracasei Zhang can produce extracellular functional antibacterial metabolite, likely a class II bacteriocin. Our preliminary extraction and characterization of the bioactivity demonstrated that it has good potential to be used as biopreservative or agent for suppressing gastrointestinal infections.
Feasibility Study of 'Triple-Low' Technique for Coronary Artery Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA)
Authors: Wang Shaochuan , Sun Zhengwen , Zeng Yihong , Xu Xinyu , Wang Yan , Liu Xueqin , Yang Yonggui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of employing the 'Triple-Low' technique (low injection rate, low iodine contrast dose, and low radiation dose) in performing Coronary Artery Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA).
Methods: A total of 60 patients who underwent CCTA examinations at our institution from 2021 to 2023 were consecutively enrolled and divided into an experimental group (n=30) and a control group (n=30). The experimental group received injections at rates of 3.5-4.0 ml/s, iodine contrast doses of 35-40 ml, and tube voltages of 100 KV and 120 KV, using a high-concentration non-ionic water-soluble contrast agent, iopamidol (400 mgI/100 ml). Both groups had heart rates ≤70 beats/min and performed breath-holding scans. The study compared the CT values of the left anterior descending branch(LAD), left circumflex branch(LCX), and right coronary artery(RCA), as well as the aortic CT value, background noise, signal-to-noise ratio, volume CT dose index, dose-length product, effective radiation dose, and total iodine dose between the two groups.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in image quality between the experimental and control groups (p>0.05). However, there were statistically significant differences in the CT values of the left anterior descending branch, left circumflex branch, right coronary artery, aortic CT value, background noise, signal-to-noise ratio, volume CT dose index, dose-length product, effective radiation dose, and total iodine dose between the two groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Utilizing the 'Triple-Low' technique in CCTA imaging can effectively reduce the occurrence of contrast agent extravasation due to high injection rates, prevent contrast-induced nephropathy resulting from excessive iodine contrast intake, and reduce the radiation dose to patients. Therefore, this approach is highly feasible and worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Research on the dynamic development of Bed-Separations under Key Strata and ground subsidence based on large-deflection inclined thin-plate model
Authors: LI Ya-xing , YANG Ke-ming , LI Pei-xian , TANG Wei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Coal mining under the Quaternary thick loose layer makes unique patterns of rock destruction. These patterns directly affect direct and main roof breakage, key strata flexural breakage, Bed-Separations development, ground subsidence, and other studies. In this paper, we developed an approach to solving the deflection of thin plates with additional lateral load and mid-plane force. The dynamic mechanical model of key strata deflection caused by dip coal seams with a thick loose layer is also established. The methods presented are based on the principle of large-deflection of thin-plate, energy method, and fracture mechanics theory. The 7225 work face in Anhui Province, China, was studied. The key strata deflection parameters in the study area were obtained, including 1) the initial and periodic incoming pressure steps of the roof, 2) the height of the caved zone, fractured zone, and continuous bending zone, and 3) the development of height and volume of Bed-Separations. The ground subsidence pattern was revealed as well. The dynamic development of the principal key strata (PKS) calculated by the proposed model is verified with the 3DEC numerical simulation. Meanwhile, 16 Sentinel 1-A images covering the mining period were collected, and the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) technique was applied to monitor the mining subsidence. It is also cross-validated with the model-calculated subsidence and field measurements. The results showed that the proposed model could contribute to the quantitative analysis of key strata deflection breakage, Bed-Separations development, and ground subsidence caused by excavating inclined coal seams when a thick loose layer covers.
Optical Applications of Europium ion doped Silicate Glasses: W-LED
Authors: Teja V Ravi , Sreeniva M. , Chavan Vijaya Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Europium ion doped silicate glasses are prepared by melt quench method with a novel composition for white Light Emitting Diode (LED). The investigating sample is havig high density and refractive index which is useful for optical applications. The hryby criteria value of these glass material is high and having high thermal stability. These glasses are assigned to Si-O- Eu and Si-O-Si stretch and bending bonds are forms with respect to their frequencies. High intensity absorption peaks are observed at 377 and 609 nm, The direct and indirect energy band gap values are decreasing as the europium ion concentration increases. The Judd – Oflelt parameters are calculated by using emission spectra of prepared glass sample. Ω2, Ω4 and Ω6 are the intensity parameters of Europium ion-doped Silicate glasses. Since the parameter Ω2 directly relates to the asymmetry of the local environment around the trivalent rare earth ions (Eu3+), it indicates the covalent nature between Europium ions and legand anaions. . The CIE plot shows that the prepared 5 glass sample SiEu 1 to SiEu 5 emits white light at an excitation wavelength of 377 nm; these glare are utilised for white LEDs. europium-doped silicate glasses play a crucial role in LED technology by enhancing the color quality, efficiency, and versatility of LED lighting for a wide range of applications, from general lighting to displays and more. Their ability to convert high-energy light into visible light with specific colors makes them valuable components in the world of LED technology.
Ring-like extreme wave of a (3+1)-dimensional partially nonlocal NLS system with the linear and parabolic potential
Authors: Li Jitao , Zhu Yu , Yang Jing , Zhang Yutong , Qin Wei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to study extreme waves localized in (3+1)-dimensional space based on a (3+1)-dimensional nonautonomous partially nonlocal NLS system under the parabolic potential, which is simplified into a (2+1)-dimensional autonomous equation via a converting formula. Based on solutions of autonomous NLS system, ring-like extreme wave approximate solution is found. Characteristics and evolution of ring-like extreme wave are explored in an exponential system. With the adding parameter q, along the z-axis, the increasing layers of ring-like extreme wave is q + 1. Moreover, for fixed parameter w, the parameter R decides the radius of first-order and second-order ring-like extreme waves. For fixed parameter R, the parameter w determines the thickness of first-order and second-order ring-like extreme waves.
Pediatricians’ perspectives on introducing transitional care into handover between pediatric intensive care units and general wards
Authors: Ji JIANLIN , Yang Liling , Yang Hanlin , Zeng Chengxi , Tang Wenjuan , Lu Qunfeng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
In contemporary medicine, the transfer of critically ill children from the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) to the general ward is a routine practice. Nevertheless, the lack of a standardized transition process and corresponding transitional care curriculum has led to several adverse outcomes. Despite the availability of a considerable number of studies on transitional care, few qualitative studies have synthesized physicians' perspectives on PICU-to-ward transition to develop a comprehensive transitional care curriculum. The aim of this study is to explore physicians' perceptions and management of the transition of critically ill children from the PICU to the general ward, with the aim of providing an evidence-based curriculum.
Methods
A qualitative study was conducted between July and August 2022. The study involved semi-structured interviews with 11 participants, and data analysis was carried out using NVivo 12.0 software through thematic analysis method.
Results
Based on the data analysis, three main themes were identified: recognition of professional roles during transition, difficulties during implementation transitional care and suggestions for improving transitional care.
Conclusions
The insights of doctors can be valuable in improving transitional care for critically ill children during PICU-to-Ward transition and in developing relevant curricula. It is essential to introduce standardized clinical pathways and strengthen curricula on critical elements, including communication and follow-up.