bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Meningitis Due to Methicillin-Resistant
Staphylococcus epidermidis
with Linezolid
Authors: Krueger Wolfgang A. , Kottler Bernd , Will Bernd E. , Heininger Alexandra , Guggenberger Heinz , Unertl Klaus E. 
Published: February 2004

ABSTRACT

Methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus epidermidis
(MRSE) can cause nosocomial meningitis in the presence of prosthetic devices. Vancomycin is the treatment of choice, but its penetration into the cerebrospinal fluid is poor, especially in cases without severe meningeal inflammation. We successfully used linezolid to treat a case of posttraumatic MRSE meningitis with a low-level inflammatory response. Therapeutic effectiveness was documented microbiologically and by the simultaneous measurement of linezolid levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid.
Maternal Mortality following Diagnostic 2nd-Trimester Amniocentesis
Authors: Elchalal Uriel , Shachar Inbar Ben , Peleg Dan , Schenker Joseph G. 
Published: February 2004

We present 2 cases of maternal mortality after transabdominal amniocentesis performed during the 2nd trimester of pregnancy. In both these cases, blood cultures revealed <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotic treatment started immediately after admission to the hospital did not change the rapid progression of the disease. Despite evacuation of the uterus within <10 h from the diagnosis of septic abortion and transfer to the intensive care units to treat multiorgan failure, these patients died. Septic abortion and septic shock following transabdominal amniocentesis are very rare; however, they carry a serious risk to the patients’ life. The combination of fever and leukopenia several days after amniocentesis should alert the physician to the evolution of sepsis. Because of the risk involved, information given to the patient prior to amniocentesis should refer to possible fetal complications and to the remote possibility of maternal risks as well.
Giant Testicular Mixed Germ Cell Tumor
Authors: Tomašković Igor , Sorić Tomislav , Trnski Davor , Ružić Boris , Kraus Ognjen 
Published: February 2004

<i>Objective:</i> We report a case that we believe to be the largest example of a testicular mixed germ cell tumor with a clearly defined histology pattern. <i>Clinical Presentation and Interventions:</i> A 21-year-old patient consulted a urologist concerning a giant testicular mass. At the time of presentation the tumor measured 29 × 20 × 16 cm, with a weight of 4,850 g. Serum α-fetoprotein was over 15,000 ng/ml, while β-human chorionic gonadotropin was normal. Chest X-ray and CT revealed multiple bilateral metastases. Histopathology revealed a mixed germ cell tumor containing 80% of yolk sack tumor, 10% of teratoma and 10% of embryonal carcinoma. Orchiectomy and chemotherapy were successful in the treatment of primary tumor and bilateral lung metastases. <i>Conclusion:</i> This tumor grew to extraordinary dimensions because of the patient’s failure, due to fear, lack of knowledge and embarrassment, to seek medical help and to health professionals’ negligence when performing regular check-ups.
Longitudinal Data for Intrauterine Levels of Fetal IGF-I and IGF-II
Authors: Gohlke B.C. , Fahnenstich H. , Dame C. , Albers N. 
Published: February 2004

<i>Objective:</i> An increasing body of evidence supports a major role for the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) in the control of human fetal growth. Individual data at various times of pregnancy suggest that IGF-I and IGF-II levels remain stable up to the 33rd week of pregnancy. Thereafter, both increase to reach values 2–3 times higher at term. In order to provide an accurate reflection of fetal IGFs in utero, we sampled fetal blood from the umbilical cord by cordocentesis. <i>Methods:</i> We measured IGF-I and IGF-II in 12 fetuses longitudinally for up to 5 times between the 21st week of gestation and delivery. <i>Results:</i> All patients showed a progressive increase in IGF-I and IGF-II levels. Data determined during different time intervals (before 29th, 29th to 32nd, after 32nd week) were compared and the main increase was found after the 32nd week. The median for IGF-I before the 29th week was 33.5 ng/ml (range 19–40.5) and increased to 41 ng/ml (32–59) between the 29th to 32nd and further to 54.1 ng/ml (range 17–70) thereafter. During the same time interval, the median for IGF-II increased from 217 ng/ml (86–326) to 349 ng/ml (227–467). In 7 patients, cord blood after delivery was available. For IGF-II a further increase was consistently found after birth (from 282 ng/ml (175–511) to 393 ng/ml (297–513)), whereas only 2 fetuses showed an increase in IGF-I. <i>Conclusion:</i> We conclude that in human fetuses, IGF-I and IGF-II levels increase longitudinally throughout pregnancy. Therefore, they may become important markers of healthy fetal development.
Six Months of Treatment with Cabergoline Restores Sexual Potency in Hyperprolactinemic Males: An Open Longitudinal Study Monitoring Nocturnal Penile Tumescence
Authors: De Rosa Michele , Zarrilli Stefano , Vitale Giovanni , Di Somma Carolina , Orio Francesco , Tauchmanova’ Libuse , Lombardi Gaetano , Colao Annamaria 
Published: February 2004

This open longitudinal study investigated the prevalence of depressed sexual potency by monitoring erectile dysfunction using nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) in 51 consecutive men with hyperprolactinemia (41 macroprolactinomas and 10 microprolactinomas) and evaluated potential reversibility of sexual failure after 6 months of treatment with cabergoline. Fifty-one healthy men served as controls.Compared with controls, the patients with either micro- or macroprolactinoma had low testosterone levels with severe alterations of erectile function. Testosterone deficiency was present in 73.2% of macro- and 50% of microprolactinomas; reduced libido and sexual potency were referred by 53.6% of macroprolactinomas, 50% of microprolactinomas, and none of controls. Fewer than three erectile events per night by NPT were found in 96.7% of patients and 13.7% of controls (P &lt; 0.0001). After 6 months of cabergoline treatment, prolactin levels normalized in 74.5% of patients: 73.2% of macroprolactinomas and 80% of microprolactinomas. Testosterone levels normalized in 68.6% of patients, whereas NPT normalized in 60.6% of patients who had normalized prolactin levels and in 7.7% of patients who did not.In conclusion, at study entry, 50% of the patients complained of sexual disturbances, 96.7% of whom had an impairment of erectile events per night compared with 13.7% of controls. Six months of treatment with cabergoline normalized testosterone levels in most cases, thus restoring and maintaining during treatment the capability of normal sexual activity in hyperprolactinemic males.
The Effect of a Six-Month Exercise Program on Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Apolipoprotein B Secretion in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Alam Saima , Stolinski Michael , Pentecost Claire , Boroujerdi Massoud A. , Jones Richard H. , Sonksen Peter H. , Umpleby A. Margot 
Published: February 2004

The dyslipidemia and insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes can be improved by aerobic exercise. The effect of 6 months supervised exercise on very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) apolipoprotein B metabolism was investigated in patients with type 2 diabetes. Moderately obese patients (n = 18) were randomized into supervised (n = 9) and unsupervised (n = 9) exercise groups. All patients were given a training session and a personal exercise program and asked to exercise four times per week at 70% maximal oxygen uptake for 6 months. Patients in the supervised group had a weekly session with an exercise trainer. VLDL apolipoprotein (apo)B metabolism was measured with an infusion of 1-13C leucine before and after 6 months of the exercise program.Supervised exercise for 6 months resulted in a significant within-group decrease in percent hemoglobin A1c (P &lt; 0.001), body fat (P &lt; 0.004), nonesterified fatty acid (P &lt; 0.04), and triglycerides (P &lt; 0.05) and an increase in insulin sensitivity (P &lt; 0.01). There was a decrease in VLDL apoB pool size (160.8 ± 42.6 to 84.9 ± 23.2 mg, P &lt; 0.01) and VLDL apoB secretion rate (11.3 ± 2.6 to 5.5 ± 2.0 mg/kg·d, P &lt; 0.05) with no change in fractional catabolic rate. In a between-group comparison, the decrease in VLDL apoB secretion rate in the supervised group did not achieve significance. This study demonstrates that in type 2 diabetes, a supervised exercise program reduces VLDL apoB pool size, which may be due to a decrease in VLDL apoB secretion rate.
Transdermal Testosterone Application: Pharmacokinetics and Effects on Pubertal Status, Short-Term Growth, and Bone Turnover
Authors: Mayo A. , Macintyre H. , Wallace A. M. , Ahmed S. F. 
Published: February 2004

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of transdermal testosterone on free testosterone concentrations in saliva and on short-term growth and bone turnover in boys with growth or pubertal delay.
A prospective, randomized, crossover study was conducted over 26 wk with 4 wk of run-in, 8 wk of treatment I (8 or 12 h), 4 wk of washout, 8 wk of treatment II (8 or 12 h), and 4 wk of final washout.
The main outcome measures were salivary testosterone profiles during the different study periods; weekly change in lower leg length (LLL) as measured by knemometry, i.e. LLL velocity; absolute and percentage change in bone alkaline phosphatase (bALP) levels; and deoxypyridinoline cross-links measured in urine.
Eight boys who took part in the study had a median age of 13.5 yr (range, 12.4–14.9 yr), testicular volume of 3 ml (range, 2–6 ml), height sd score of −2.4 (range, −1.44 to −3.35), and bone age delay of 2 yr (range, 1–3.2 yr).
Median salivary testosterone during 8- and 12-h treatments [179 pg/ml (range, 7–3579 pg/ml) and 150 pg/ml (range, 12–3472 pg/ml) (not significant)] was significantly higher than during the run-in and washout blocks (P &lt; 0.0001) [9 pg/ml (range, &lt;7 to 122 pg/ml) and 13 pg/ml (range, &lt;7 to 285 pg/ml) (not significant)]. LLL velocity in the treatment blocks (median, 0.64 mm/wk; range, 0.1–1.08 mm/wk) was significantly higher than during the run-in and washout periods (median, 0.48 mm/wk; range, −0.06 to 0.92 mm/wk) (P &lt; 0.001). The main rise in bALP occurred during the first treatment block with a median percentage change in bALP of 44.2% (range, −4 to 87%) and a smaller percentage change in bALP at the end of the second treatment block of 9.8% (range, −4 to 55%). The increases in bALP were not significantly different between the 8- and 12-h treatment periods, and there was no significant decline during the washout periods.
Overnight transdermal testosterone application, as Virormone (5 mg), may be a potentially acceptable method of induction of puberty and stimulates short-term growth and bone turnover.
Optimierungsbasierte Regelung eines integrierten reaktiven chromatographischen Trennprozesses (Optimization-based Control of a Reactive Chromatographic Separation Process)
Authors: Toumi Abdelaziz , Engell Sebastian 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Prozessführung eines chromatographischen Trennprozesses, bei dem kontinuierlich ein Fruktose-Sirup aus einer reinen Glukoselösung gewonnen wird. Glukose wird hierbei enzymatisch zu Fruktose umgewandelt. Gleichzeitig wird das so entstandene Zuckergemisch chromatographisch aufgetrennt. Die Prozessführung ist aufgrund des ausgeprägten nichtlinearen Verhaltens schwierig. Aufbauend auf einem rigorosen Prozessmodell, dessen Parameter on-line aus Messungen geschätzt werden, wird in dieser Arbeit ein nichtlinearer modellprädiktiver Regler entwickelt. Ziel der Regelung ist die Minimierung des Lösungsmittelverbrauchs bei Einhaltung der Produktreinheit. Es handelt sich also um eine echte On-line-Optimierung. Das gesamte Regelungskonzept wurde an einer Sechs-Säulen-Technikumsanlage implementiert und experimentell verifiziert. Dies ist die weltweit erste Realisierung eines MPC-Konzepts an einer SMB-Anlage.
Ordnungsreduktion mittels Krylov-Unterraummethoden (Order Reduction using Krylov Subspace Methods)
Authors: Lohmann Boris , Salimbahrami Behnam 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
Bei der Modellierung dynamischer Systeme entstehen heute durch gewachsene Güteanforderungen und den Einsatz von Softwaretools regelmäßig Systeme hoher Ordnung, deren weitere Verwendung durch eine Modellreduktion entscheidend erleichtert werden kann. Krylov-Unterraummethoden erlauben dabei die Reduktion auch sehr großer linearer Modelle mit zehntausenden Zustandsvariablen. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt eine Einführung in die Grundgedanken, stellt die wichtigsten Algorithmen vor und gibt einen Ausblick auf zu lösende Aufgaben.
Enzymatic U(VI) reduction by Desulfosporosinus species
Authors: Suzuki Yohey , Kelly Shelly D. , Kemner Ken M. , Banfield Jillian F. 
Published: February 2004

Summary
Here we tested U(VI) reduction by a Desulfosporosinus species (sp.) isolate and type strain (DSM 765) in cell suspensions (pH 7) containing 1mM U(VI) and lactate, under an atmosphere containing N2-CO2-H2 (90:5:5). Although neither Desulfosporosinus species (spp.) reduced U(VI) in cell suspensions with 0.25 Na-bicarbonate or 0.85 NaCl, U(VI) was reduced in these solutions by a control strain, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (ATCC 642). However, both Desulfosporosinus strains reduced U(VI) in cell suspensions depleted in bicarbonate and NaCl. No U(VI) reduction was observed without lactate and H2 electron donors or with heat-killed cells, indicating enzymatic U(VI) reduction. Uranium(VI) reduction by both strains was inhibited when 1mM CuCl2 was added to the cell suspensions. Because the Desulfosporosinus DSM 765 does not contain cytochrome c
3 used by Desulfovibrio spp. to reduce U(VI), Desulfosporosinus species reduce uranium via a different enzymatic pathway.
Enhanced extraction of thorium(IV) and uranium(VI) with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-pivaloyl-5-pyrazolone in the presence of various neutral organophosphorus extractants
Authors: Meera R. , Luxmi Varma R. , Reddy M. L. P. 
Published: February 2004

Summary
This paper describes the results of the investigations carried out on the extraction of thorium(IV) and uranium(VI) from dilute nitric acid solutions into chloroform with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-pivaloyl-5-pyrazolone (HPMPP) in the presence and absence of various neutral organophosphorus extractants, tributylphosphate (TBP), octyl(phenyl)-N,N-diisobutylcarbamoylmethylphosphine oxide (CMPO) and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO). The results demonstrated that these metal ions were extracted into chloroform as Th(PMPP)4 and UO2(PMPP)2 with HPMPP alone and as Th(PMPP)4·S and UO2(PMPP)2·S in the presence of neutral organophosphorus extractants (S). High selectivity (S.F.=2.8×105) has been observed between thorium(IV) and uranium(VI) when extracted with HPMPP alone. The equilibrium constants of the extracted complexes have been deduced by non-linear regression analysis. The equilibrium constants of the synergistically extracted complexes have been correlated with the donor ability of the phosphoryl oxygen of the neutral organophosphorus extractants in terms of their 31P NMR chemical shifts and basicity values (K
H = nitric acid uptake constant). The addition of a neutral organophosphorus extractant to the metal chelate system significantly enhances the extraction efficiency of these metal ions. Thorium(IV) and uranium(VI) complexes of HPMPP and mixtures of HPMPP and neutral organophosphorus extractants were synthesized and characterized by IR spectral data to further clarify the nature of the extracted complexes.
Crown ethers as synergists in the extraction of trivalent lanthanoids with 3-phenyl-4-(4-fluorobenzoyl)-5-isoxazolone
Authors: Pavithran Rani , Reddy M. L. P. 
Published: February 2004

SummaryThis paper highlights the results of investigations carried out on the extraction of lanthanoids such as Nd(III), Eu(III) and Tm(III) from nitrate solutions into chloroform with 3-phenyl-4-(4-fluorobenzoyl)-5-isoxazolone (HFBPI) in the presence and absence of various crown ethers (CE); 18-crown-6 (18C6), dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DC18C6), benzo-18-crown-6 (B18C6) and dibenzo-18-crown-6 (DB18C6). The results demonstrated that these trivalent metal ions were extracted into chloroform as Ln(FBPI)3with HFBPI alone and as Ln(FBPI)3·CE in the presence of a CE. The equilibrium constants of the above extracted complexes deduced by a non-linear regression analysis were found to increase monotonically with a decrease in ionic radii of these metal ions. The addition of a CE to the metal chelate system significantly improves the extraction efficiency of these metal ions. The complexation strength of trivalent lanthanoids with various CEs follows the order: DC18C6 > 18C6 > B18C6 > DB18C6. Solid complexes of Eu(III) with HFBPI alone and with mixtures of HFBPI and various crown ethers have been isolated and characterised by IR and1H NMR spectral data to further clarify the nature of the extracted complexes.
Adsorption and thermodynamic studies of Co(II) and Hg(II) on 2-nitroso-1-naphthol immobilized polyurethane foam using radiotracer technique
Authors: Saeed Muhammed M. , Ahmed Munir 
Published: February 2004

Summary
The sorption behaviour of Co(II) and Hg(II) on 2-nitroso-1-naphthol loaded polyurethane foam (PUF) was studied. The maximum sorption of 1.8×10-5M solution of Co(II) occurred at low pH range 3-7 and that of 3.11×10-5M solution of Hg(II) was sorbed at higher pH range 7-9. The maximum equilibrium was attained within twenty minute shaking time. The adsorption data followed the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms successfully. The Freundlich constants 1/n and K
f for Co(II) are 0.44 and 1.18×10-2mol g-1 and for Hg(II) are 0.38 and 8.67×10-4mol g-1 respectively indicate the surface heterogeneity. The Langmuir constants M and b are 2.6×10-4mol g-1 and 4.7×104L g-1 for Co(II) and 2.9×10-5mol g-1 and 7.6×104L g-1 for Hg(II) respectively. The sorption free energy (E) evaluated from Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) isotherm for Co(II) and Hg(II) are 12.7kJ mol-1 and 13.13kJ mol-1 respectively, which indicate the ion exchange type chemisorption of Co(II) and Hg(II) onto 2-nitroso-1-naphthol loaded PUF. The thermodynamics parameters ΔH, ΔS and ΔG have been evaluated. The change in enthalpy (ΔH) of Co(II) is 74.55kJ mol-1, indicates the endothermic sorption, while for Hg(II) is -25.28kJ mol-1, depicts the exothermic sorption. The effect of diverse anions on the sorption of Co(II) and Hg(II) has been studied which revealed that the sorption of Hg(II) was completely masked in the presence of bromide, tartrate, nitrite, EDTA, thiocyanate, cyanide, perchlorate, ascorbate and thiourea, whereas sorption of Co(II) was greatly affected in the presence of oxalate, EDTA, cyanide, citrate and ascorbic acid. The nature of sorption mechanism has been discussed. The 2-nitroso-1-naphthol loaded PUF has potential in radiochemistry to separate 203Hg(II) from 75Se(IV), and Co(II) from Ni(II) metal ions or vice versa.
Ausgleichsgeraden in der Ebene (Least-square Straight Lines in the Plane)
Authors: Krystek Michael 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
Bei der Auswertung von Messdaten ist es häufig notwendig, Ausgleichsgeraden in der Ebene zu berechnen. Der Ausgleich soll dabei derart sein, dass die Summe der Quadrate der Abstände senkrecht zur Ausgleichsgeraden zu einem Minimum wird. Hier wird der Algorithmus des vollständigen Ausgleichs durch eine Gerade in der Ebene hergeleitet. Für den Praktiker wird zusätzlich eine C-Routine angegeben.
Messung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit in offenen Gerinnen nach dem Laufzeit-Korrelations-Prinzip mit rückgestreuter Laserstrahlung (Velocity Measurement of Liquid Flows in Open Channels using Time Correlation of Backscattered Laser Radiation Signals)
Authors: Diehl Reiner , Siebeneck Heinrich-Joachim 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
Es wird über ein Messverfahren zur Bestimmung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit in offenen Gerinnen berichtet. Zwei Laserstrahlen beleuchten die Messvolumina. Das rückgestreute Laserlicht eines in der Tiefe einstellbaren Messhorizontes wird als Eingangsgröße eines nach dem Laufzeit-Korrelations-Prinzip arbeitenden Auswerteverfahrens verwendet.
Kontrollierte biochemische Synthese auf Metall/Halbleiter-Nanostrukturen (Controlled Biochemical Synthesis on Metal/Semiconductor Nanostructures)
Authors: Altebäumer Thomas , Kern Dieter , Ehlich Rudolf , Hörber Heinrich , Raschke Markus , Nibbering Erik , Lienau Christoph 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
Die Antennenwirkung von metallischen oder halbleitenden Nanostrukturen in elektromagnetischen Feldern soll eingesetzt werden, um chemische Reaktionen an deren Oberflächen zu optimieren. Das Ziel ist die spezifische Synthese von Oligonukleinsäuresequenzen zum Aufbau von hochdichten “DNA-Arrays” mit nanotechnologischen Methoden. Die Nanostrukturen werden für die Untersuchungen von einerseits Photonen-Transfer-Reaktionen und andererseits für Elektronen-Transfer-Reaktionen durch die Wahl geeigneter Geometrien und Materialien angepasst.
TexPat – a program for quantitative analysis of oblique texture electron diffraction patterns
Authors: Oleynikov Peter , Hovmöller Sven , Zou Xiaodong , Zhukhlistov Anatoliy P. , Nickolsky Maxim S. , Zvyagin Boris B. 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
We have developed a program – TexPat for quantification of texture patterns in order to facilitate, speed up and improve the accuracy of this analytical method. The program introduces new approaches for automated detection of centre and symmetry axes and simplifies the process of indexing and calculating the unit cell parameters. The main algorithm of the program uses the symmetry properties of the texture pattern images. The successive steps help to process the reflections of the pattern using the peak shape extracted from well-separated peaks. The program generates a list of unit cell parameters, all processed reflections with Miller indices and their integrated intensities. The quality of the results obtained by TexPat is compatible with published data.
The system Cu3AsS4–Cu3SbS4and investigations on normal tetrahedral structures
Authors: Pfitzner Arno , Bernert Thomas 
Published: February 2004

AbstractIn order to develop a novel model to predict if a so called normal tetrahedral compound crystallizes in awurtzite- orsphaleritesuperstructure type, the system Cu3AsS4–Cu3SbS4was reinvestigated. A solid solution series was prepared and the mixed crystals were characterized by powder X-ray techniques. The crystal structures of Cu3As0.330Sb0.670S4, Cu3As0.736Sb0.264S4, and Cu3AsS4were refined from single crystal X-ray data. The refinements converged toR= 0.0209,wR2 = 0.0484 (Cu3As0.330Sb0.670S4, 201 unique reflections, 15 parameters),R= 0.0235,wR2 = 0.0596 (Cu3As0.736Sb0.264S4, 218 reflections, 15 parameters), andR= 0.0241,wR2 = 0.0669 (Cu3AsS4, 721 reflections, 45 parameters).Zis 2 for all compounds. The volumes of the tetrahedra [MS4] were calculated for the investigated compounds. In addition, the corresponding data were calculated for further solids from literature data. The volumes of the tetrahedra are used to separate compounds with asphaleritetype anion arrangement from compounds with hexagonal packed anions. A closer inspection of the tetrahedra volumes reveals a greater variation for one given material in the case ofwurtzitetype superstructures than forsphaleritetype superstructures. A critical difference in the tetrahedra volumes is derived from these data.