bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The CXCL16-CXCR6 axis in glioblastoma modulates T-cell activity in a spatiotemporal context
Authors: Chia Tzu-Yi , Billingham Leah K. , Boland Lauren , Katz Joshua L. , Arrieta Victor A. , Shireman Jack , Rosas Aurora-Lopez , DeLay Susan L. , Zillinger Kaylee , Geng Yuheng , Kruger Jeandre , Silvers Caylee , Wang Hanxiang , Vazquez Cervantes Gustavo Ignacio , Hou David , Wang Si , Wan Hanxiao , Sonabend Adam , Zhang Peng , Lee-Chang Catalina , Miska Jason 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) pathobiology is characterized by its significant induction of immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment, predominantly mediated by immunosuppressive tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs). Myeloid cells play a pivotal role in shaping the GBM microenvironment and influencing immune responses, with direct interactions with effector immune cells critically impacting these processes.MethodsOur study investigates the role of the CXCR6/CXCL16 axis in T-cell myeloid interactions within GBM tissues. We examined the surface expression of CXCL16, revealing its limitation to TAMCs, while microglia release CXCL16 as a cytokine. The study explores how these distinct expression patterns affect T-cell engagement, focusing on the consequences for T-cell function within the tumor environment. Additionally, we assessed the significance of CXCR6 expression in T-cell activation and the initial migration to tumor tissues.ResultsOur data demonstrates that CXCL16 surface expression on TAMCs results in predominant T-cell engagement with these cells, leading to impaired T-cell function within the tumor environment. Conversely, our findings highlight the essential role of CXCR6 expression in facilitating T-cell activation and initial migration to tumor tissues. The CXCL16-CXCR6 axis exhibits dualistic characteristics, facilitating the early stages of the T-cell immune response and promoting T-cell infiltration into tumors. However, once inside the tumor, this axis contributes to immunosuppression.DiscussionThe dual nature of the CXCL16-CXCR6 axis underscores its potential as a therapeutic target in GBM. However, our results emphasize the importance of carefully considering the timing and context of intervention. While targeting this axis holds promise in combating GBM, the complex interplay between TAMCs, microglia, and T cells suggests that intervention strategies need to be tailored to optimize the balance between promoting antitumor immunity and preventing immunosuppression within the dynamic tumor microenvironment.
Long-term statistics and wind dependence of near-bottom and deep-sea ambient noise in the northwest South China Sea
Authors: Guo Wei , Liu Juan , Xu Guojun , Li Guangming , Xu Pan 
Published: January 2024

Research on ocean ambient noise is highly important for environment monitoring, marine mammal protection, underwater communication and navigation. In this paper, we present the long-term statistics and wind dependence of near-bottom and deep-sea ambient noise in the northwest South China Sea, at a depth of 1240 m. The data were collected from 11th July 2022 to 31st December 2022 together with local wind speeds ranging from 1 to 58 knots (two typhoons involved), and the processing frequency band is between 20 and 2000 Hz. The long-term mean noise level is calculated along with its skewness, kurtosis and percentile distributions. Diurnal and monthly average of noise levels are analyzed, and the large fluctuations in lower (≤100 Hz) and higher (≥400 Hz) frequencies are respectively caused by the variation of the number of nearby and distant ships and the diverse distributions of the windspeeds in individual months. We find that the noise level in winter (Dec.) is 10~11 dB higher than that in summer (Jul.) at higher frequencies. The probability densities of noise levels in the situation of a fixed wind speed are likely to obey the Burr distributions in low frequencies (50 and 100 Hz) and the Weibull distributions in high frequencies (400 and 1000 Hz). In addition, the mean noise levels for different Beaufort scales match well with the 5-dB-addtion Wenz curves, and a mathematic relationship is acquired between the noise level and wind speed in the experimental site. The results are of great representativeness, and are significant to data-driven noise modelling, evaluation and improvement of sonar performance in the region of South China Sea with an incomplete deep-water sound channel.
Generalization and discrimination of inhibitory avoidance differentially engage anterior and posterior retrosplenial subregions
Authors: Met Hoxha Erisa , Robinson Payton K. , Greer Kaitlyn M. , Trask Sydney 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionIn a variety of behavioral procedures animals will show selective fear responding in shock-associated contexts, but not in other contexts. However, several factors can lead to generalized fear behavior, where responding is no longer constrained to the conditioning context and will transfer to novel contexts.MethodsHere, we assessed memory generalization using an inhibitory avoidance paradigm to determine if generalized avoidance behavior engages the retrosplenial cortex (RSC). Male and female Long Evans rats received inhibitory avoidance training prior to testing in the same context or a shifted context in two distinct rooms; one room that had fluorescent lighting (Light) and one that had red LED lighting (Dark).ResultsWe found that animals tested in a light context maintained context-specificity; animals tested in the same context as training showed longer latencies to cross and animals tested in the shifted context showed shorter latencies to cross. However, animals tested in the dark generalized their avoidance behavior; animals tested in the same context and animals tested in the shifted context showed similarly-high latencies to cross. We next examined expression of the immediate early gene zif268 and perineuronal nets (PNNs) following testing and found that while activity in the basolateral amygdala corresponded with overall levels of avoidance behaviors, anterior RSC (aRSC) activity corresponded with learned avoidance generally, but posterior RSC (pRSC) activity seemed to correspond with generalized memory. PNN reduction in the RSC was associated with memory formation and retrieval, suggesting a role for PNNs in synaptic plasticity. Further, PNNs did not reduce in the RSC in animals who showed a generalized avoidance behavior, in line with their hypothesized role in memory consolidation.DiscussionThese findings suggest that there is differential engagement of retrosplenial subregions along the rostrocaudal axis to generalization and discrimination.
Vestibular dysfunction in lateral semicircular canal dysplasia
Authors: Yun Ji Min , Kim Sung Huhn , Bae Seong Hoon 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionLateral semicircular canal (LSCC) dysplasia is the most common inner ear malformation. The severity of dysplasia can appear in various spectrums, from a short and broad LSCC with normal or small-sized central bony island (CBI) to a single fluid-filled cavity confluent with the vestibule without CBI. However, reports on the association between LSCC dysplasia and the loss of vestibular function are still lacking. In this study, the results of vestibular function tests [caloric test and video-head impulse test (vHIT)] in patients with LSCC dysplasia were analyzed and compared between groups with and without CBI.MethodsThis study retrospectively enrolled 17 patients (23 ears) who had LSCC dysplasia following computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging and underwent vestibular function tests.ResultsLSCC dysplasia was observed unilaterally in 11 patients and bilaterally in six patients. Nine of 23 ears had CBIs, and 14 ears had no CBI. Three of 17 patients experienced dizziness. Abnormal caloric tests were detected in 11 of the 16 patients who underwent the caloric tests (69%); in contrast, 11 of 12 patients who underwent the vHIT (92%) had normal LSCC vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain on vHIT. A significant correlation was found between the maximum slow-phase velocity of the caloric test and LSCC VOR gain of the vHIT (correlation coefficient 0.792, p = 0.004). The CBI-absent group showed significantly lower SPV and LSCC VOR gains than the CBI-present group (p = 0.001 and 0.004, respectively).DiscussionLSCC dysplasia impairs VOR function, especially in the absence of CBI.
Lasting mesothalamic dopamine imbalance and altered exploratory behavior in rats after a mild neonatal hypoxic event
Authors: Nikolic Barbara , Trnski-Levak Sara , Kosic Kristina , Drlje Matea , Banovac Ivan , Hranilovic Dubravka , Jovanov-Milosevic Natasa 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionAdversities during the perinatal period can decrease oxygen supply to the fetal brain, leading to various hypoxic brain injuries, which can compromise the regularity of brain development in different aspects. To examine the catecholaminergic contribution to the link between an early-life hypoxic insult and adolescent behavioral aberrations, we used a previously established rat model of perinatal hypoxia but altered the hypobaric to normobaric conditions.MethodsExploratory and social behavior and learning abilities were tested in 70 rats of both sexes at adolescent age. Inherent vertical locomotion, sensory-motor functions and spatial learning abilities were explored in a subset of animals to clarify the background of altered exploratory behavior. Finally, the concentrations of dopamine (DA) and noradrenaline in midbrain and pons, and the relative expression of genes for DA receptors D1 and D2, and their down-stream targets (DA- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr 32 kDa, the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A, and inhibitor-5 of protein phosphatase 1) in the hippocampus and thalamus were investigated in 31 rats.ResultsA lesser extent of alterations in exploratory and cognitive aspects of behavior in the present study suggests that normobaric conditions mitigate the hypoxic injury compared to the one obtained under hypobaric conditions. Increased exploratory rearing was the most prominent consequence, with impaired spatial learning in the background. In affected rats, increased midbrain/pons DA content, as well as mRNA levels for DA receptors and their down-stream elements in the thalamus, but not the hippocampus, were found.ConclusionWe can conclude that a mild hypoxic event induced long-lasting disbalances in mesothalamic DA signaling, contributing to the observed behavioral alterations. The thalamus was thereby indicated as another structure, besides the well-established striatum, involved in mediating hypoxic effects on behavior through DA signaling.
Short sleep time may be the main reason for irregular breakfast to cause overweight—a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yang Wei , Zhuang Zhao , Huang Pengxiang , Zhang Man , Wang Kebo , Jiang Ying , Zhou Han , Yu Lianlong 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionIn recent years, the relationship between circadian rhythm and overweight and obesity has attracted the attention of many scholars.MethodsTo evaluate association between the duration of sleep and the regularity of breakfast and overweight. A total of 1,178 students from Qingdao University were selected by stratified cluster sampling. There were 601 males (24.69 ± 0.80 years old) and 569 females (24.54 ± 0.70 years old). We used body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) to define overweight levels. Chi-square test, Pearson correlation test, and logistic regression were applied to test association among overweight, sleep duration, sleep onset time, and breakfast regularity. Pittsburgh sleep quality index was used to assess the overall sleep quality of the study subjects. Mediation effect and Sobel test were used to analyze the effect of sleep duration on breakfast regularity and overweight.ResultsOnly 34.1% of the population ate breakfast every day, and eating breakfast 1–3 times per week was associated with a higher risk of overweight (BMI: OR = 2.183, 95%CI: 1.369,3,481; WC: OR = 2.101, 95%CI: 1.232,3,583; WHR: OR = 2.108, 95%CI: 1.331,3,337). The effects of all types of Usual Breakfast Consumption Frequency on overweight were fully mediated by sleep duration (p &lt; 0.05). In particular, the subjects exercised outdoors more than five times per week slept longer (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionShort sleep duration may be the main reason for irregular breakfast leading to overweight. Adequate outdoor exercise is essential for weight maintenance.
Mitochondrial DNA D-loop variants correlate with a primary open-angle glaucoma subgroup
Authors: Vallbona-Garcia Antoni , Lindsey Patrick J. , Kamps Rick , Stassen Alphons P. M. , Nguyen Nhan , van Tienen Florence H. J. , Hamers Ilse H. J. , Hardij Rianne , van Gisbergen Marike W. , Benedikter Birke J. , de Coo Irenaeus F. M. , Webers Carroll A. B. , Gorgels Theo G. M. F. , Smeets Hubert J. M. 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionPrimary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a characteristic optic neuropathy, caused by degeneration of the optic nerve-forming neurons, the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). High intraocular pressure (IOP) and aging have been identified as major risk factors; yet the POAG pathophysiology is not fully understood. Since RGCs have high energy requirements, mitochondrial dysfunction may put the survivability of RGCs at risk. We explored in buffy coat DNA whether mtDNA variants and their distribution throughout the mtDNA could be risk factors for POAG.MethodsThe mtDNA was sequenced from age- and sex-matched study groups, being high tension glaucoma (HTG, n=71), normal tension glaucoma patients (NTG, n=33), ocular hypertensive subjects (OH, n=7), and cataract controls (without glaucoma; n=30), all without remarkable comorbidities.ResultsNo association was found between the number of mtDNA variants in genes encoding proteins, tRNAs, rRNAs, and in non-coding regions in the different study groups. Next, variants that controls shared with the other groups were discarded. A significantly higher number of exclusive variants was observed in the D-loop region for the HTG group (~1.23 variants/subject), in contrast to controls (~0.35 variants/subject). In the D-loop, specifically in the 7S DNA sub-region within the Hypervariable region 1 (HV1), we found that 42% of the HTG and 27% of the NTG subjects presented variants, while this was only 14% for the controls and OH subjects. As we have previously reported a reduction in mtDNA copy number in HTG, we analysed if specific D-loop variants could explain this. While the majority of glaucoma patients with the exclusive D-loop variants m.72T&gt;C, m.16163 A&gt;G, m.16186C&gt;T, m.16298T&gt;C, and m.16390G&gt;A presented a mtDNA copy number below controls median, no significant association between these variants and low copy number was found and their possible negative role in mtDNA replication remains uncertain. Approximately 38% of the HTG patients with reduced copy number did not carry any exclusive D-loop or other mtDNA variants, which indicates that variants in nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes, environmental factors, or aging might be involved in those cases.ConclusionIn conclusion, we found that variants in the D-loop region may be a risk factor in a subgroup of POAG, possibly by affecting mtDNA replication.
Genetic outcomes in children with developmental language disorder: a systematic review
Authors: van Wijngaarden Vivian , de Wilde Hester , Mink van der Molen Dieuwke , Petter Jildo , Stegeman Inge , Gerrits Ellen , Smit Adriana L. , van den Boogaard Marie-José 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionDevelopmental language disorder (DLD) is a common childhood condition negatively influencing communication and psychosocial development. An increasing number of pathogenic variants or chromosomal anomalies possibly related to DLD have been identified. To provide a base for accurate clinical genetic diagnostic work-up for DLD patients, understanding the specific genetic background is crucial. This study aims to give a systematic literature overview of pathogenic variants or chromosomal anomalies causative for DLD in children.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search in PubMed and Embase on available literature related to the genetic background of diagnosed DLD in children. Included papers were critically appraised before data extraction. An additional search in OMIM was performed to see if the described DLD genes are associated with a broader clinical spectrum.ResultsThe search resulted in 15,842 papers. After assessing eligibility, 47 studies remained, of which 25 studies related to sex chromosome aneuploidies and 15 papers concerned other chromosomal anomalies (SCAs) and/or Copy Number Variants (CNVs), including del15q13.1–13.3 and del16p11.2. The remaining 7 studies displayed a variety of gene variants. 45 (candidate) genes related to language development, including FOXP2, GRIN2A, ERC1, and ATP2C2. After an additional search in the OMIM database, 22 of these genes were associated with a genetic disorder with a broader clinical spectrum, including intellectual disability, epilepsy, and/or autism.ConclusionOur study illustrates that DLD can be related to SCAs and specific CNV's. The reported (candidate) genes (n = 45) in the latter category reflect the genetic heterogeneity and support DLD without any comorbidities and syndromic language disorder have an overlapping genetic etiology.
Forest therapy using virtual reality in the older population: a systematic review
Authors: Clemente Davide , Romano Luciano , Zamboni Elena , Carrus Giuseppe , Panno Angelo 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionAs life expectancy increases, more attention needs to be paid to their mental and physical condition. Many older patients are also bedridden, which makes some treatments, like in vivo exposure to natural environments, more difficult to be applied. This study aimed to systematically review articles that include interventions combining virtual reality and forest environment, targeting a sample of older people.MethodsBased on PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a literature search in three databases (EBSCO, PubMed, and Scopus), plus gray literature (OpenGrey). We considered only studies that used forest settings via virtual reality and included a sample with age ≥ 65.ResultsAfter the screening and eligibility stages, 7 articles have been included.DiscussionThe study underlines the need to implement research in this direction to standardize effective procedures that can be used to improve the mental and physical health of the older people and caregivers, while also reducing social costs.
The effects of psychiatric disorders on the risk of chronic heart failure: a univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chen Yang , Peng Wenke , Pang Min , Zhu Botao , Liu Huixing , Hu Die , Luo Yonghong , Wang Shuai , Wu Sha , He Jia , Yang Yang , Peng Daoquan 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundSubstantial evidence suggests an association between psychiatric disorders and chronic heart failure. However, further investigation is needed to confirm the causal relationship between these psychiatric disorders and chronic heart failure. To address this, we evaluated the potential effects of five psychiatric disorders on chronic heart failure using two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR).MethodsWe selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with chronic heart failure and five psychiatric disorders (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Major Depression, Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia (SCZ)). Univariable (UVMR) and multivariable two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MVMR) were employed to assess causality between these conditions. Ever smoked and alcohol consumption were controlled for mediating effects in the multivariable MR. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) and Wald ratio estimator methods served as the primary analytical methods for estimating potential causal effects. MR-Egger and weighted median analyses were also conducted to validate the results. Sensitivity analyses included the funnel plot, leave-one-out, and MR-Egger intercept tests. Additionally, potential mediators were investigated through risk factor analyses.ResultsGenetically predicted heart failure was significantly associated with ADHD (odds ratio (OR), 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04–1.20; p = 0.001), ASD (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.07–1.56; p = 0.008), bipolar disorder (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83–0.96; p = 0.001), major depression (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.03–1.29; p = 0.015), SCZ (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.00–1.07; p = 0.024). Several risk factors for heart failure are implicated in the above cause-and-effect relationship, including ever smoked and alcohol consumption.ConclusionOur study demonstrated ADHD, ASD, SCZ and major depression may have a causal relationship with an increased risk of heart failure. In contrast, bipolar disorder was associated with a reduced risk of heart failure, which could potentially be mediated by ever smoked and alcohol consumption. Therefore, prevention strategies for heart failure should also incorporate mental health considerations, and vice versa.
How will the public health committees develop after COVID-19 pandemic in China? Exploration from mixed methods study in Pingshan District, Shenzhen
Authors: Shao Xu , Wu Xiangling 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe Public Health Committee has a long-standing presence in the Chinese Constitution. During the pandemic, it served as a grassroots self-governance organization and made significant contributions to China's community epidemic prevention and control system. Currently, 24 provinces in China have promoted the establishment of community public health committees.MethodsTo gather data, we conducted semi-structured interviews (n = 48) with the heads of superior departments of public health committees, the heads of public health committees, and the heads of community health centers, exploring aspects such as organizational structure, job responsibilities, and job security. In parallel, we administered a capacity-building survey to a sample of 23 community residents (n = 1,986) and performed regression analysis. Finally, we examined the impact of gender, age, and education level on the development of public health committees.ResultsOur study reveals that the development of public health committees displays features of administration across various dimensions, including personnel appointment, top-level design, medical professionalism, funding path dependence, and data path dependence. However, the decision-making function of the organization does not exhibit a significant impact.DiscussionThe construction of the Public Health Committee should demonstrate an “autonomization-administration” pendulum effect. Currently, due to the absence of decision-making functions within the Public Health Committee, autonomous organizations are exhibiting characteristics of administration. To prevent excessive autonomization or administrative nature in the development of committees, public health policies are continuously being refined based on the unique characteristics of public health committee construction. During exceptional circumstances or the initial stages of development, the establishment of public health committees should be primarily guided by administrative principles, utilizing political momentum to drive their progress. In contrast, during routine establishment phases or later stages of development, the establishment of public health committees should be primarily led by autonomization, restoring their capacity for self-decision making. It is essential to fully leverage the role of grassroots self-governance organizations, relying on the community to engage in self-management, self-education, and self-service within public health committees.