bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical analysis of sandwich vertebrae in osteoporotic patients: finite element analysis
Authors: Huang Shaolong , Zhou Chengqiang , Zhang Xu , Tang Zhongjian , Liu Liangyu , Meng Xiao , Xue Cheng , Tang Xianye 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the biomechanical stress of sandwich vertebrae (SVs) and common adjacent vertebrae in different degrees of spinal mobility in daily life.Materials and methodsA finite element model of the spinal segment of T10-L2 was developed and validated. Simultaneously, T11 and L1 fractures were simulated, and a 6-ml bone cement was constructed in their center. Under the condition of applying a 500-N axial load to the upper surface of T10 and immobilizing the lower surface of L2, moments were applied to the upper surface of T10, T11, T12, L1, and L2 and divided into five groups: M-T10, M-T11, M-T12, M-L1, and M-L2. The maximum von Mises stress of T10, T12, and L2 in different groups was calculated and analyzed.ResultsThe maximum von Mises stress of T10 in the M-T10 group was 30.68 MPa, 36.13 MPa, 34.27 MPa, 33.43 MPa, 26.86 MPa, and 27.70 MPa greater than the maximum stress value of T10 in the other groups in six directions of load flexion, extension, left and right lateral bending, and left and right rotation, respectively. The T12 stress value in the M-T12 group was 29.62 MPa, 32.63 MPa, 30.03 MPa, 31.25 MPa, 26.38 MPa, and 26.25 MPa greater than the T12 stress value in the other groups in six directions. The maximum stress of L2 in M-T12 in the M-L2 group was 25.48 MPa, 36.38 MPa, 31.99 MPa, 31.07 MPa, 30.36 MPa, and 32.07 MPa, which was greater than the stress value of L2 in the other groups. When the load is on which vertebral body, it is subjected to the greatest stress.ConclusionWe found that SVs did not always experience the highest stress. The most stressed vertebrae vary with the degree of curvature of the spine. Patients should be encouraged to avoid the same spinal curvature posture for a long time in life and work or to wear a spinal brace for protection after surgery, which can avoid long-term overload on a specific spine and disrupt its blood supply, resulting in more severe loss of spinal quality and increasing the possibility of fractures.
Qushi Huayu decoction ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats by modulating gut microbiota and serum lipids
Authors: Ni Yiming , Wang Xin , Wu Qian , Yao Yichen , Xu Yuan , Li Yuanyuan , Feng Qin , Zhou Mingmei , Gou Xiaojun 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multifactorial disease. As a clinical empirical prescription of traditional Chinese medicine, Qushi Huayu decoction (QHD) has attracted considerable attention for its advantages in multi-target treatment of NAFLD. However, the intervention mechanism of QHD on abnormal lipid levels and gut microbiota in NAFLD has not been reported.MethodsTherefore, we verified the therapeutic effect of QHD on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD in rats by physiological parameters and histopathological examination. In addition, studies on gut microbiota and serum lipidomics based on 16S rRNA sequencing and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) were conducted to elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of NAFLD in QHD.ResultsThe changes in gut microbiota in NAFLD rats are mainly reflected in their diversity and composition, while QHD treated rats restored these changes. The genera Blautia, Lactobacillus, Allobaculum, Lachnoclostridium and Bacteroides were predominant in the NAFLD group, whereas, Turicibacter, Blautia, Sporosarcina, Romboutsia, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Allobaculum, and Psychrobacter were predominant in the NAFLD+QHD group. Lipid subclasses, including diacylglycerol (DG), triglycerides (TG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylserine (PS), lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI), and phosphatidylglycerol (PG), were significantly different between the NAFLD and the control groups, while QHD treatment significantly altered the levels of DG, TG, PA, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), and platelet activating factor (PAF). Finally, Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that NAFLD related differential lipid molecules were mainly associated with the genera of Bacteroides, Blautia, Lachnoclostridium, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, and Turicibacter, which were also significantly correlated with the biological parameters of NAFLD.DiscussionTaken together, QHD may exert beneficial effects by regulating the gut microbiota and thus intervening in serum lipids.
Study on suitability and spatial distribution of human settlement environment in arid areas based on GIS and analytic hierarchy process
Authors: Geng Manguo , Liu Benteng , Zhang Wei 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionScientific evaluation of the suitability of human settlement in arid areas and a grasp of their spatial differentiation characteristics are of great significance for the implementation of regional human settlement environment (HSE) improvement according to local conditions.MethodsIn this study, we took Gansu Province (GS), a typical arid area in China, as the research object. First, based on field research, we used the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weights of 12 evaluation indicators and build an HSE evaluation model from the two dimensions of nature and humanities. Then, we conduct a comprehensive evaluation of each factor based on the GIS spatial analysis module. Finally, we used the GIS natural breakpoint method and zoning statistics to understand the suitability of the HSE and its spatial distribution characteristics in GS Province.ResultsThe study findings can be summarized as follows: (1) The spatial distribution of the suitability of the natural environment in GS Province shows that the east-central part of the province is significantly higher than the northwestern, and there is a big difference between localities. (2) The comprehensive suitability of human settlement in GS Province appears as a spatial distribution characteristic, gradually decreasing from the central urban area to the surrounding areas. The suitability index of the living environment is between 0.26 and 0.71. (3) The area sizes of the five types of suitability are ranked as the following: low suitable (138,502 km2) &gt; moderately suitable (133,761 km2) &gt; critical suitable (97,244 km2) &gt; high suitable (47,459 km2) &gt; unsuitable (38,980km2); in 14 cities, the average value of habitat suitability index is more than 0.5 accounting for 42.9%.DiscussionOur research not only fills a gap in the research of human settlement in arid zones but also provides policy support for government departments to improve human settlement.
Maternal capital predicts investment in infant growth and development through lactation
Authors: Dib Sarah , Fewtrell Mary , Wells Jonathan C. K. 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionMaternal capital (MC) is a broad term from evolutionary biology, referring to any aspects of maternal phenotype that represent resources available for investment in offspring. We investigated MC in breastfeeding mothers of late preterm and early term infants, examining its relationship with infant and breastfeeding outcomes. We also determined whether MC modified the effect of the relaxation intervention on these outcomes.MethodsThe data was collected as part of a randomized controlled trial investigating breastfeeding relaxation in 72 mothers of late preterm and early term infants. Indicators of MC (socioeconomic, social, somatic, reproductive, psychological, and cognitive) were collected at baseline at 2–3 weeks post-delivery. Principal Component Analysis was conducted for the MC measures and two components were identified: 1.”Subjective” maternal capital which included stress and depression scores, and 2.”Objective” maternal capital which included height, infant birth weight, and verbal memory. Univariate linear regression was conducted to assess the relationship between objective and subjective MC (predictors) and infant growth, infant behavior, maternal behavior, and infant feeding variables (outcomes) at 6–8 weeks. The interaction of MC and intervention assignment with outcomes was assessed.ResultsHigher objective MC was significantly associated with higher infant weight (0.43; 95%CI 0.21,0.66) and length z-scores (0.47; 95%CI 0.19,0.76), shorter duration of crying (−17.5; 95%CI −33.2,−1.9), and lower food (−0.28; 95%CI −0.48,−0.08) and satiety responsiveness (−0.17; 95%CI −0.31,−0.02) at 6–8 weeks. It was also associated with greater maternal responsiveness to infant cues (−0.05, 95%CI −0.09,−0.02 for non-responsiveness). Greater subjective maternal capital was significantly associated with higher breastfeeding frequency (2.3; 95%CI 0.8,3.8) and infant appetite (0.30; 95%CI 0.07,0.54). There was a significant interaction between the intervention assignment and objective MC for infant length, with trends for infant weight and crying, which indicated that the intervention had greater effects among mothers with lower capital.ConclusionHigher MC was associated with better infant growth and shorter crying duration. This was possibly mediated through more frequent breastfeeding and prompt responsiveness to infant cues, reflecting greater maternal investment. The findings also suggest that a relaxation intervention was most effective among those with low MC, suggesting some reduction in social inequalities in health.
Experience of management of pediatric upper gastrointestinal perforations: a series of 30 cases
Authors: Wang Mengqi , Sun Shuai , Niu Qiong , Hu Baoguang , Zhao Haiyan , Geng Lei , Fu Tingliang , Qin Hong , Zheng Bufeng , Li Hesheng 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundThis study aimed to explore the characteristics of pediatric upper gastrointestinal (UGI) perforations, focusing on their diagnosis and management.MethodsBetween January 2013 and December 2021, 30 children with confirmed UGI perforations were enrolled, and their clinical data were analyzed. Two groups were compared according to management options, including open surgical repair (OSR) and laparoscopic/gastroscopic repair (LR).ResultsA total of 30 patients with a median age of 36.0 months (1 day–17 years) were included in the study. There were 19 and 11 patients in the LR and OSR groups, respectively. In the LR group, two patients were treated via exploratory laparoscopy and OSR, and the other patients were managed via gastroscopic repair. Ten and three patients presented the duration from symptom onset to diagnosis within 24 h (p = 0.177) and the number of patients with hemodynamically unstable perforations was 4 and 3 in the LR and OSR groups, respectively. Simple suture or clip closure was performed in 27 patients, and laparoscopically pedicled omental patch repair was performed in two patients. There was no significant difference in operative time and length of hospital stay between the LR and OSR groups. Treatment failed in two patients because of severe sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, including one with fungal peritonitis.ConclusionSurgery for pediatric UGI perforations should be selected according to the general status of the patient, age of the patient, duration from symptom onset, inflammation, and perforation site and size. Antibiotic administration and surgical closure remain the main strategies for pediatric UGI perforations.
Effects of 4 weeks of whole-body vibration training on energy expenditure during deep squats of male well-trained students
Authors: Huang Xiaohan , Ye Zhengyang , Qin Xuelin 
Published: October 2023

From the perspective of energy expenditure, this study investigated the effects of whole-body vibration training on the energy metabolism of deep squats with different weights. Twenty-two healthy male college students with sports experiences were selected and randomly assigned to perform resistance exercise vibration (REV) or resistance exercise (RE) with varying loads two times per week for 4 weeks. Oxygen uptake and heart rate were measured before, during, and after exercises using a gas analyzer, and energy expenditure was calculated. The results showed the following: 1) the oxygen uptake and energy expenditure of the REV group were significantly higher than those of the RE group during and 30 min after exercise (p &lt; 0.01), respectively, and the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) was also significantly higher than that of the RE group (p &lt; 0.01). 2) Changes in the oxygen uptake and energy expenditure were stable with increasing exercise in both vibration and non-vibration conditions. There was no difference in energy expenditure per unit of body mass versus additional energy per kilogram of body weight (p &gt; 0.05). 3) No significant differences in changing exercise intensity were observed in the REV group compared to those in the RE group during the adjacent incremental load phases of △ (40%–0%) and △ (80%–40%) of load during and 30 min after exercise (p &gt; 0.05). Our results suggest that 1) vibration training can increase energy expenditure during low-intensity training and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, and improve the exercise intensity. 2) The effects on energy expenditure were the same for both weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing deep squats, up to 40% of body mass.
Correlation of motor-auditory cross-modal and auditory unimodal N1 and mismatch responses of schizophrenic patients and normal subjects: an MEG study
Authors: Okazaki Mitsutoshi , Yumoto Masato , Kaneko Yuu , Maruo Kazushi 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionIt has been suggested that the positive symptoms of schizophrenic patients (hallucinations, delusions, and passivity experience) are caused by dysfunction of their internal and external sensory prediction errors. This is often discussed as related to dysfunction of the forward model that executes self-monitoring. Several reports have suggested that dysfunction of the forward model in schizophrenia causes misattributions of self-generated thoughts and actions to external sources. There is some evidence that the forward model can be measured using the electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) components such as N1 (m) and mismatch negativity (MMN) (m). The objective in this MEG study is to investigate differences in the N1m and MMNm-like activity generated in motor-auditory cross-modal tasks in normal control (NC) subjects and schizophrenic (SC) patients, and compared that activity with N1m and MMNm in the auditory unimodal task.MethodsThe N1m and MMNm/MMNm-like activity were recorded in 15 SC patients and 12 matched NC subjects. The N1m-attenuation effects and peak amplitude of MMNm/MMNm-like activity of the NC and SC groups were compared. Additionally, correlations between MEG measures (N1m suppression rate, MMNm, and MMNm-like activity) and clinical variables (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores and antipsychotic drug (APD) dosages) in SC patients were investigated.ResultsIt was found that (i) there was no significant difference in N1m-attenuation for the NC and SC groups, and that (ii) MMNm in the unimodal task in the SC group was significantly smaller than that in the NC group. Further, the MMNm-like activity in the cross-modal task was smaller than that of the MMNm in the unimodal task in the NC group, but there was no significant difference in the SC group. The PANSS positive symptoms and general psychopathology score were moderately negatively correlated with the amplitudes of the MMNm-like activity, and the APD dosage was moderately negatively correlated with the N1m suppression rate. However, none of these correlations reached statistical significance.DiscussionThe findings suggest that schizophrenic patients perform altered predictive processes differently from healthy subjects in latencies reflecting MMNm, depending on whether they are under forward model generation or not. This may support the hypothesis that schizophrenic patients tend to misattribute their inner experience to external agents, thus leading to the characteristic schizophrenia symptoms.
Prevalence of asymptomatic malaria and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Duguma Tadesse , Tekalign Eyob , Kebede Samuel Sahile , Bambo Getachew Mesfin 
Published: October 2023

The proactive identification of asymptomatic patients and the mitigation of associated problems are essential to the elimination of malaria. For asymptomatic malaria and related variables among pregnant women in Ethiopia, there are no national pooled estimates. As a result, the goal of this study is to compile thorough and compelling data from several Ethiopian investigations. Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopes, the Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and African Journals Online were a few of the electronic resources that were accessed. The investigation included all observational studies. STATA version 15 was used to extract the data from the Microsoft Excel file and conduct the analysis. The estimated pooled prevalence of asymptomatic malaria among pregnant women was calculated using a random-effects model. An inverse variance index (I2) analysis was utilized to find heterogeneity. To assess the publication bias, funnel plots, and Egger's statistical tests were used. The study determined that the combined prevalence of asymptomatic malaria among pregnant women was 7.20 (95% confidence interval = 4.22, 10.18) and 4.69 (95% confidence interval = 2.77, 6.62) by microscopy and rapid diagnostic test, respectively. The presence of stagnant water near their home (odds ratio = 4.31; 95% confidence interval = 1.66, 11.20); not using insecticide-treated nets (odds ratio = 6.93; 95% confidence interval = 3.27, 14.71); the lack of indoor residual spray service (odds ratio = 2.68; 95% confidence interval = 1.63, 4.40); and the presence of pregnant women in their neighborhood (odds ratio = 3.14; 95% confidence interval = 1.4). This study showed that pregnant women have a high pooled prevalence of asymptomatic malaria. Women living in rural areas near stagnant water and those who never used insecticide-treated nets had a two-, four-, or six-fold higher prevalence of asymptomatic malaria, respectively. The use of advanced diagnostic techniques could produce a higher magnitude of the disease. For effective intervention toward elimination, active case detection at the community level is also advised.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023411385; identifier, CRD42023411385.
Clinical presentation, management and outcomes of bile duct injuries after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a 15-year single-center experience in Vietnam
Authors: Vu Hung Quang , Quach Duc Trong , Nguyen Bac Hoang , Le Anh-Tuan Quan , Le Nhan Quang , Pham Hai Minh , Tran Ngoc-Huy Thai , Nguyen Dang-Khoa Hang , Duong Ngoc-Sang Thi , Tran Toan Van , Pham Binh Long 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesTo evaluate the clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of bile duct injuries (BDIs) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).MethodsThis is a case series of 28 patients with BDIs after LC treated at a tertiary hospital in Vietnam during the 2006-2021 period. The BDI's clinical presentations, Strasberg classification types, management methods, and outcomes were reported.ResultsBDIs were diagnosed intraoperatively in 3 (10.7%) patients and postoperatively in 25 (89.3%). The BDI types included Strasberg A (13, 46.4%), D (1, 3.6%), E1 (1, 3.6%), E2 (4, 14.3%), E3 (5, 17.9%), D + E2 (2, 7.1%), and nonclassified (2, 7.1%). Of the postoperative BDIs, the injury manifested as biliary obstruction (18, 72.0%), bile leak (5, 20.0%), and mixed scenarios (2, 8.0%). Regarding diagnostic methods, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was more useful in bile leak scenarios, while multislice computed tomography, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography were more useful in biliary obstruction scenarios. All 28 BDIs were successfully treated. ERCP with stenting was very effective in the majority of Strasberg A BDIs. For more complex BDI types, hepaticocutaneous jejunostomy was a safe and effective approach. The in-hospital morbidities included postoperative pneumonia (2, 10.7%) and biliary-enteric anastomosis leakage (1, 5.4%). There was no cholangitis or anastomotic stenosis during the follow-up after discharge (median 18 months).ConclusionsThe majority of BDIs are type A and diagnosed postoperatively. ERCP is effective for the majority of Strasberg A BDIs. For major and complex BDIs, hepaticocutaneous jejunostomy is a safe and effective approach.
التقعيد الأصولي وأثره في النوازل العقدية -المعيار المعرب أنموذجا-
Authors: Mohamed Boukara Mohamed Boukara 
Published: October 2023

تتمحور فكرة هذا المقال حول أهميّة التّقعيد الأصولي في تأصيل المسائل العقديّة ،وأخذت كتاب المعيار المعرب لأحمد بن يحيى الونشريسي أنموذجا على ذلك، لما حواه من كمّ هائل من النوازل العقدية المتعلّقة بمسائل الإيمان ونواقضه،والأسماء والصفات ،وبيان أصول عدد من الفرق المبتدعة والنّحل الباطلة،وذكرت في هذا المقال جملة من القواعد الأصولية المؤثّرة في النوازل العقديّة ،وبيّنت وجه الارتباط بين هذه القواعد والمسائل العقدية المذكورة في ثنايا أجوبة فقهاء المذهب المالكي ، مستدلّاً بالنّصوص الشرعيّة من القرآن الكريم والسنّة النبويّة،ومستشهداً بأقوال أهل العلم.
وخلص البحث إلى أن للقواعد الأصوليّة دور بارز في تأصيل المسائل العقدية من خلال فهم المشكلات العقدية ،والرّدود على الطوائف المبتدعة ،وضبط مسائل التكفير ،وشروطه وموانعه،ونحوها من الأمور المهمّة التي تساعد في ضبط الفقه الاعتقادي.
The reality of clinical supervision among educational supervisors and its relationship to the performance of teachers in the southern governorates of Palestine
Authors: Al-Hamarneh Safa Youssef 
Published: October 2023

The study aimed to get to know the fact that the honors are included in the honors, and his relationship with the knowledge of the teachers to the performance of the teachers. The researcher used the descriptive approach, and the questionnaire tool to collect data. The study population reached (11555) male and female teachers. The researcher took a simple random sample of (200) male and female teachers. To analyze the data, the researcher used the statistical analysis program (SPSS). and the study reached many results, the most important of which are: the field of teachers’ performance got a relative weight (85.581%) and ranked first, and the field of the supervisor’s practice of clinical supervision got a relative weight (77.256%) and ranked second. In light of the results, the study recommended increasing the development programs for teachers within the framework of professional growth for teachers, during and outside school hours through various activities. Training courses, workshops, and focus groups. Reducing the burden on educational supervisors by increasing their number; To give them an opportunity to communicate with teachers and help them solve the problems they face and promote them to excellence and creativity.