bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol for mitomycin C use in glaucoma surgery
Authors: Maquet J. A. , Dios E. , Aragón J. , Bailez C. , Ussa F. , Laguna N. 
Published: March 2005

Abstract.Purpose:  To evaluate the results of a protocol described for mitomycin C (MMC) use in trabeculectomy or combined surgery (phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy). Methods:  A total of 143 eyes (60 trabeculectomies and 83 combined surgeries) of 124 patients were divided into four groups: group 1 (without MMC); group 2 (with 0.1 mg/ml MMC); group 3 (with 0.2 mg/ml MMC), and group 4 (with 0.4 mg/ml MMC). Two‐minute MMC was used in every case in groups 2, 3 and 4. The results were analysed after 1 year of follow‐up. Intraocular pressure (IOP) and complications were evaluated. Successful IOP control was defined when IOP was <21 mmHg and <16 mmHg if advanced glaucoma was present, always without additional medical treatment. Results:  Mean preoperative IOP decreased from 24.60 mmHg (SD 1.40 mmHg) to 13.47 mmHg (SD 0.37 mmHg) (p < 0.00001), 12 months postoperatively. Control in IOP was achieved in 79.02% of eyes. No significant differences were found in final mean IOP values (p > 0.196) or in postoperative complications (p > 0.120) in groups 2, 3 and 4. Conclusion:  With the protocol described, a selection of concentration of MMC has been made in different clinical forms of glaucoma. No significant differences in IOP control and postoperative complications were noticed among the groups.
Fundus autofluorescence in acute and chronic‐recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Framme Carsten , Walter Andreas , Gabler Bernhard , Roider Johann , Sachs Helmut G. , Gabel Veit‐Peter 
Published: March 2005

Abstract.Purpose:  Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) affects mostly young and middle‐aged adults. Typically, a serous retinal detachment occurs with a focal leakage point in fluorescein angiography. Fundus autofluorescence (AF) is related to the lipofuscin within the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). As CSC is thought to be associated with RPE disorders, AF measurements might be able to detect distinct changes within the RPE level. The purpose of this study was to compare AF patterns in acute and chronic‐recurrent CSC and to evaluate the potential value of AF as a non‐invasive monitoring tool. Methods:  From 85 patients diagnosed with CSC (mean age 43 years), AF images were retrospectively evaluated and compared with angiographic and ophthalmoscopic findings. Fluorescein angiography and AF measurements were performed using a Heidelberg retina angiograph. Autofluorescence was excited at a wavelength of 488 nm and detected above 500 nm. Results:  Acute CSC as determined by an acute decrease in visual acuity (VA) within the last 6 weeks, focal point leakage and neurosensory retinal detachment was diagnosed in 39 patients. In 36 of those patients (92%), a significantly decreased AF at the leakage point (72%) and/or decreased AF in the area of neurosensory detachment (77%) were observed. Regarding chronic‐recurrent CSC as determined by a decrease in VA for longer than 6 weeks and mottled hyperfluorescent appearance in angiography, abnormalities in AF were observed in 44/46 patients (96%). In those patients, decreased or mottled AF was observed at the leakage point itself (76%), whereas significantly increased AF was seen in the area of residual neurosensory retinal detachment (85%). Conclusions:  In acute CSC, decreased AF is presumably due to a blockage caused by oedema, whereas in chronic‐recurrent forms, irregular and increased AF is observed, possibly reflecting reactive RPE changes secondary to RPE defects and neurosensory detachment. If these findings could be systematically underlined by prospective clinical studies, AF might be an interesting non‐invasive tool for monitoring RPE changes in CSC and for performing differential diagnosis.
Natural course of occult choroidal neovascularization in age‐related macular degeneration: development of classic lesions in fluorescein angiography
Authors: Schneider Ulrike , Gelisken Faik , Inhoffen Werner 
Published: March 2005

Abstract.Purpose:  To analyse the frequency of conversion from occult with no classic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and occult with minimally classic CNV into predominantly classic CNV secondary to age‐related macular degeneration. Methods:  Retrospective evaluation of baseline and repeat angiograms of 54 eyes with a follow‐up of 6−12 months. Results:  In the group with initially occult with no classic CNV, nine of 40 eyes (23%) progressed to a predominantly classic lesion, whereas in the group of occult with a minimally classic CNV, 10 of 14 eyes (71%) eyes developed a predominantly classic CNV. Conclusions:  The proportion of eyes that develop predominantly classic CNV is much higher in eyes with initially occult and minimally classic CNV, compared with eyes with initially occult and no classic CNV. Our data suggest that the natural course of CNV secondary to AMD begins as occult and progresses to classic CNV.
Basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid in Finland during 1953−97
Authors: Paavilainen Ville , Tuominen Juhani , Pukkala Eero , Saari K. Matti 
Published: March 2005

Abstract.Purpose:  To study the incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the eyelid in Finland. Methods:  We studied 6241 cases of BCC of the eyelid reported to the nationwide Finnish Cancer Registry during 1953−97. We determined the age‐ and sex‐ specific incidence rates and overall rates adjusted for age to the world standard population, and social class‐ and occupation‐specific standardized incidence ratios, with the total Finnish population as reference. Results:  The incidence rates of BCC of the eyelid varied between 0.7 and 3.0 per 100 000 person‐years in men and between 0.5 and 2.8 per 100 000 person‐years in women during the study period. The age‐adjusted incidence rates of BCC of the eyelid increased during 1953−87 (p < 0.0001). The incidence of BCC of the eyelid rose significantly with age. There were no significant differences in standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for BCC of the eyelid between different social class and occupation categories. Conclusion:  Age‐adjusted incidence rates showed that BCC of the eyelid was more than twice as frequent during 1978−97 than before 1968. Ageing may partly explain the increased incidence of BCC of the eyelid, whereas there were no differences in the SIRs for BCC of the eyelid between different social class and occupation categories in Finland.
Systemic leukocyte activation in patients with central giant cell lesions
Authors: de Souza Paulo Eduardo Alencar , Gomez Ricardo Santiago , Xavier Guilherme Machado , Coelho dos Santos Janete Soares , Gollob Kenneth John , Dutra Walderez Ornelas 
Published: March 2005

Background:  Central giant cell lesion (CGCL) is a reactive lesion of the jaws with an associated inflammatory infiltrate. Since cell circulation allows for intense communication between different compartments in the body, we investigated whether the CGCL would lead to phenotypic and/or functional changes in circulating leukocytes.Methods:  We obtained lymphocytes and monocytes from CGCL patients and control subjects, to evaluate cytokine and adhesion molecule expression using flow cytometry.Results:  Our results revealed that CD4+ T cells and CD14+ monocytes from CGCL express elevated levels of CD11a and CD11b, respectively, when compared with controls. The frequencies of CD4+ T cells expressing interferon (IFN)‐γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and the frequencies of CD4+ and CD14+ cells expressing interleukin (IL)‐10 were increased in CGCL group, when compared with controls.Conclusions:  Our data indicate that, although CGCL is a localized lesion, the patients show systemic functional alterations in circulating leukocytes, suggesting their role in the inflammatory pathogenesis of CGCL.
Characterization of mast cell subpopulations in lip cancer
Authors: Rojas I. G. , Spencer M. L. , Martínez A. , Maurelia M. A. , Rudolph M. I. 
Published: March 2005

Background:  Lip squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common form of oral cancer. Human mast cells (MCs), which are increased in lip SCC, are classified by their protease content in tryptase‐positive (MCT) and tryptase/chymase‐positive (MCTC). MC proteases are associated with tumor progression and angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to quantify and characterize MC subpopulations in lip SCC.Methods:  Serial sections from lip SCC (n = 21) and normal lip vermilion (n = 8) biopsies were stained immunohistochemically for tryptase and enzymehistochemically for chymase to determine MC subpopulation density and distribution.Results:  MCT and MCTC were increased in lip SCC when compared with normal lip (P < 0.0001), where MCT predominated over MCTC (P < 0.01). In lip SCC neither subpopulation predominated. Regarding distribution, MCT were higher than MCTC at the intratumoral stroma, whereas MCTC were higher than MCT at the peritumoral stroma (P < 0.01).Conclusions:  The results suggest that MC subpopulations may contribute to lip SCC progression. While intratumoral MCT may stimulate angiogenesis, peritumoral MCTC may promote extracellular matrix degradation and tumor progression at the invasion front.
Oral health in prevalent types of Ehlers–Danlos syndromes
Authors: De Coster Peter J. , Martens Luc C. , De Paepe Anne 
Published: March 2005

Background:  The Ehlers–Danlos syndromes (EDS) comprise a heterogenous group of heritable disorders of connective tissue, characterized by joint hypermobility, skin hyperextensibility and tissue fragility. Most EDS types are caused by mutations in genes encoding different types of collagen or enzymes, essential for normal processing of collagen.Methods:  Oral health was assessed in 31 subjects with EDS (16 with hypermobility EDS, nine with classical EDS and six with vascular EDS), including signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), alterations of dental hard tissues, oral mucosa and periodontium, and was compared with matched controls.Results:  All EDS subjects were symptomatic for TMD and reported recurrent temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocations. Abnormal pulp shape (13%) and pulp calcification (78%) were observed in subjects affected with classical EDS. Caries experience was higher in EDS compared with controls and was related to poor oral hygiene, influenced by increased mucosal fragility and restraint of (wrist) joint mobility. The overall periodontal status in EDS was poor, with 62% of EDS subjects presenting high periodontal treatment needs (community periodontal index for treatment need, CPITN = II).Conclusion:  Oral health may be severely compromised in EDS as a result of specific alterations of collagen in orofacial structures. When considering dental treatment in EDS, a number of tissue responses (mucosa, periodontium, pulp) and precautions (TMJ dislocation) should be anticipated.
p21WAF1/CIP1 expression is a marker of poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Nemes Judit A. , Nemes Zoltán , Márton Ildikó J. 
Published: March 2005

Background:  Previous research on the prognostic relevance of p21WAF1/CIP1 in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) yielded inconclusive and contradictory data.Objectives:  To investigate the prognostic significance of p21WAF1/CIP1 expression, its relationship to p53 accumulation, proliferation‐associated proteins Ki‐67 and cyclin D1 in relation to survival and clinicopathological features in OSCC.Methods:  Surgical specimens taken from 106 randomly selected patients were studied by immunohistochemistry. Expression of the protein of interest was correlated with clinical data.Results:  p21WAF1/CIP1 expression was found in 61.3% of OSCCs. Expression of p21WAF1/CIP1 significantly correlated with tumor size (P = 0.005), lymph node involvement (P = 0.002), clinical stage (P < 0.001), and tumor site (P = 0.002). Patients with tumors showing p21WAF1/CIP1 immunopositivity had decreased 2‐year survival (P = 0.018). Expression of p21WAF1/CIP1 was not related to age, gender, risk factors (tobacco, alcohol), dental status, or tumor differentiation grade. The p21WAF1/CIP1 expression positively correlated with proliferation‐related variables Ki‐67 (P = 0.010) and cyclin D1 (P < 0.001), but not with p53 expression.Conclusions:  The expression of p21WAF1/CIP1 was found to be associated with poorer prognosis and tumor aggressivity in OSCC.
Expression of tumor necrosis factor α, TNF‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand, and their associated molecules in ameloblastomas
Authors: Kumamoto Hiroyuki , Ooya Kiyoshi 
Published: March 2005

Background:  To clarify the roles of the apoptosis signaling pathway mediated by death receptors in oncogenesis and cytodifferentiation of odontogenic tumors, expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), TNF‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL), and their associated molecules was analyzed in ameloblastomas as well as in tooth germs.Methods:  Tissue specimens of 10 tooth germs, 40 benign ameloblastomas, and five malignant ameloblastomas were examined by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and immunohistochemistry to determine the expression of TNFα, TNF receptor I (TNFRI), TRAIL, TRAIL receptor 1 (TRAIL‐R1), TRAIL‐R2, caspase‐8, and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB).Results:  Expression of TNFα, TNFRI, TRAIL, TRAIL‐R1, TRAIL‐R2, and NF‐κB mRNA was detected in most samples of normal and neoplastic odontogenic tissues. Expression of caspase‐8 mRNA was identified in six of 33 ameloblastomas, but not in 10 tooth germs or one malignant ameloblastoma. Immunohistochemical reactivity for TNFα, TRAIL, their receptors, and NF‐κB was detected in both normal and neoplastic odontogenic tissues. Epithelial expression of TNFα was focal in about 50% of tooth germs and ameloblastomas, and TNFα expression in neoplastic cells was significantly higher in follicular ameloblastomas than in plexiform ameloblastomas. TRAIL reactivity was evident in epithelial cells neighboring the basement membrane. Receptors for TNFα and TRAIL were diffusely expressed in both normal and neoplastic odontogenic epithelium. Expression of caspase‐8 was found in some neoplastic cells in three of 37 ameloblastomas, but not in 10 tooth germs or five malignant ameloblastomas. Nuclear NF‐κB expression was much lower than cytoplasmic expression in both normal and neoplastic odontogenic epithelium.Conclusion:  Expression of TNFα, TRAIL, and their receptors in tooth germs and ameloblastomas suggests that these death factors might be involved in cytodifferentiation of odontogenic epithelium and tissue structuring of ameloblastomas. Expression of caspase‐8 and NF‐κB suggests that signaling of TNFα and TRAIL minimally affects the biological properties of odontogenic epithelial components.
Cell proliferation, apoptosis and apoptosis‐related factors in odontogenic keratocysts and in dentigerous cysts
Authors: Kichi Eisuke , Enokiya Yasunobu , Muramatsu Takashi , Hashimoto Sadamitsu , Inoue Takashi , Abiko Yoshihiro , Shimono Masaki 
Published: March 2005

Background:  The purpose of this study was to elucidate why odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) can form cystic lesions but not tumor masses, notwithstanding their prominent proliferative activity.Methods:  We investigated cellular proliferation, cell death, and expression of apoptosis‐related proteins in the lining cells of OKCs and of dentigerous cysts (DGCs).Results:  TdT‐mediated dUTP‐biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL)‐positive cells were observed in the surface layers of OKCs and of DGCs. However, no TUNEL‐positive cells were seen in the basal or intermediate layers of both cysts. Ki67‐positive ratio in the intermediate layer was the highest in OKCs. The p53‐positive ratio of the intermediate layer was highest in OKCs. Bcl‐2‐positive cells were discernible exclusively in the basal layer of OKCs.Conclusions:  These results suggest that cellular proliferation and death is regulated in association with apoptosis‐related proteins in the lining epithelia of OKCs, and subsequently those cysts are seen as cystic lesions but not as tumor masses.
Skin lesions segmentation and quantification from 3D body's models
Authors: Guillard G. , Lagarde J M. 
Published: March 2005

Background/aims: Characterising large areas of the body has always been problematic. The aim of this article is to test a method to evaluate the developed surface areas of dermatological lesions from a 3D textured model of the body's envelope.Method: We applied the active contour method to isolate the lesions. Then, by means of the 3D model obtained, we calculated the area. This was tested on standards of known areas.Results: For the standards, the standard deviation between the calculated and theoretical surfaces was under 3%.Conclusion: The results obtained indicate the feasibility of the method for studying the efficiency of dermatological treatment.
Ethical Dilemma and Moral Distress: Proposed New NANDA Diagnoses
Authors: Kopala Beverly , Burkhart Lisa 
Published: March 2005

purpose. To propose two NANDA diagnoses—ethical dilemma and moral distress—and to distinguish between the NANDA diagnosis decisional conflict and the proposed nursing diagnosis of ethical dilemma.sources used. Journal articles, books, and focus group research findings.data synthesis. Moral/ethical situations exist in health care. Nurses’ experiences of ethical dilemmas and moral distress are extrapolated to the types and categories of ethical dilemmas and moral distress that patients experience and are used as the basis for development of two new nursing diagnoses.conclusion. The two proposed NANDA diagnoses fill a void in current standardized terminology.practice implications. It is important that nurses have the ability to diagnose ethical or moral situations in health care. Currently, NANDA does not offer a means to document this important phenomenon. The creation of two sets of nursing diagnoses, ethical dilemma and moral distress, will enable nurses to recognize and track nursing care related to ethical or moral situations.
Nursing‐Sensitive Outcome Reliability Testing in a Tertiary Care Setting
Authors: Behrenbeck Julia G. , Timm Jane A. , Griebenow Linda K. , Demmer Kathy A. 
Published: March 2005

purpose.  To describe nursing outcomes classification (NOC) that are most relevant for, specialty acute care nursing practice, and to assess the adequacy of measures.methods.  Data were collected on 434 patients during the 14‐month data collection period at a tertiary care center: cardiac surgery intensive care (n = 76), cardiac transplant unit (n = 153), and medical unit (n = 205).findings.  Thirty‐six NOC outcomes were used 10 or more times during the study. Of those, 16 had an inter‐rater reliability of 75% or higher.conclusions.  NOC outcomes show promise for accurately documenting the effectiveness of nursing interventions. Further study is needed to develop meaningful analysis of the documented NOC outcomes and efficiently integrate NOC into electronic documentation systems.practice implications.  Increased familiarity with NOC allowed nursing staff to determine which outcomes comprise core nursing‐sensitive outcomes for their clinical setting.
THERMAL PROPERTIES OF PASSION FRUIT JUICE AS AFFECTED BY TEMPERATURE AND WATER CONTENT
Authors: GRATÃO ANA CAROLINA AMARAL , JÚNIOR VIVALDO SILVEIRA , POLIZELLI MARCOS ALEXANDRE , TELIS‐ROMERO JAVIER 
Published: March 2005

ABSTRACT The specific heat, thermal conductivity and density of passion fruit juice were experimentally determined from 0.506 to 0.902 (wet basis) water content and temperatures from 0.4 to 68.8C. The experimental results were compared with existing and widely used models for the thermal properties. In addition, based on empiric equations from literature, new simple models were parameterized with a subset of the total experimental data. The specific heat and thermal conductivity showed linear dependency on water content and temperature, while the density was nonlinearly related to water content. The generalized predictive models were considerably good for this product but the empiric, product‐specific models developed in the present work yield better predictions. Even though the existing models showed a moderate accuracy, the new simple ones would be preferred, because they constitute an easier and direct way of evaluating the thermal properties of passion fruit juice, requiring no information about the chemical composition of the product, and a reduced time of the estimation procedure, as the new empiric models are described in terms of only two physical parameters, the water content and the temperature.
TWO‐PHASE MODELING AND THE QUALITY OF SOYBEAN SEEDS DRIED IN A COUNTER‐CURRENT MOVING BED DRIER
Authors: LACERDA A.F. , LISBOA M.H. , OLIVEIRA M.S. , BARROZO M.A.S. 
Published: March 2005

ABSTRACT The purpose of the present work is to study the simultaneous heat and mass transfer between air and soybean seeds in a countercurrent moving bed dryer, based on the application of a two‐phase model to the drying process. The numerical solution of the model is obtained by using a computational code based on backwards differential formulae. The experimental data of air humidity and temperature and of seed moisture content and temperature at the dryer outlet are compared to the simulated values, showing a good agreement. This work also analyzes the effect of the main process variables (drying air temperature, air relative humidity, air velocity and solids flow rate) on the soybean seeds quality during drying. Empirical equations fitted to the experimental data are proposed for predicting the soybean seed quality (germination, vigor and fissures) as a function of the investigated variables.
PROCESS INTENSIFICATION OF MEMBRANE SYSTEM FOR CRUDE PALM OIL PRETREATMENT
Authors: IYUKE SUNNY ESAYEGBEMU , AHMADUN FAKHRU’L‐RAZI , MAJID RUSNANI ABD 
Published: March 2005

ABSTRACT In the study conventional refining, microfiltration and ultrafiltration processes have been used experimentally to pretreat crude palm oil (CPO) samples with the aim of moving from the usual huge refinery plant to a more process integrated membrane module at ultrascale size that will even perform better than the former. Reduction of phosphorus for the membrane‐permeate of 43.4% was higher than that of bleached oil of 34.4%. When ceramic membranes with pore diameters of 0.45 µm and 0.2 µm were used in microfiltration, it was found that membrane with pore size of 0.45 µm was able to reject 14% of phosphorus, while ceramic membrane with pore size of 0.2 µm showed better phosphorus rejection of 56.8%. Upon applying ceramic membrane with pore sizes of 20 nm and 50 nm, 78.1% and 60% of phosphorus were rejected, respectively. Attributed to the superior performance of the membrane with 20 nm pore size over other membranes and conventional refining method on phosphorus content, a simulation study thus made, showed that the average slurry volume after about 22‐min runs for membrane with pore sizes of 0.45 µm, 0.2 µm, 50 nm and 20 nm, and the average slurry volumes are 0.05, 0.09, 0.13 and 0.18 m

3

, respectively. The percentage decrease between membrane pore size of 0.45 µm and 0.2 µm; 0.45 µm and 50 nm; and 0.45 µm and 20 nm are 73, 49 and 24%, respectively. The ultrafiltration achieved order of process miniaturization of about 10

2

−10

3

, which is in accordance with literature. This is a considerable size reduction in the process size, which reflects the magnitude of slurry volume that can be produced within a given time and meets every standard for process intensification through simulated process miniaturization.