bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring the nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment of optically trapped ytterbium atoms in the metastable state
Authors: Sunaga Ayaki , Takahashi Yuiki , Vutha Amar , Takahashi Yoshiro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We propose a scheme to measure a nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment (MQM), a

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-violating electromagnetic moment that appears in the nuclear sector, using the long-lived

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metastable state in neutral 173Yb atoms. Laser-cooling and trapping techniques enable us to prepare ultracold 173Yb atoms in the

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state trapped in an optical lattice or an optical tweezer array, providing an ideal experimental platform with long spin coherence time. In addition, our relativistic configuration interaction calculation for the

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electronic wavefunction reveals a large magnetic field gradient generated by the atomic electrons in this state, which amplifies the measurable effect of an MQM. Our scheme could lead to an improvement of more than one order of magnitude in MQM sensitivity compared to the best previous measurement (Murthy

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1989 Phys. Rev. Lett.
63, 965).
Both enhancement and strong coupling of quantum dots on asymmetric Fabry-Perot cavity at room temperature
Authors: Xu Xingsheng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The interaction of light and matter is an eternal theme in optics and optoelectronics. Until now, there is almost no report about realization of both strong coupling and enhancement simultaneously. In this study, the angle-resolved photoluminescence spectra of colloidal quantum dots on the surface of SiO2/Si material are investigated. When the PL spectrum peak overlaps with the Fabry–Perot (F-P) mode of SiO2 film, the PL spectrum near emission wavelength of bare colloidal quantum dots splits into two peaks, which is Rabi splitting. Moreover, a huge enhancement factor is obtained for the PL spectra in the short-wavelength region. Both extremely huge enhancement and large Rabi splitting are obtained with colloidal quantum dots coupled low-refractive-index/high-refractive-index dielectric material system.
On the optical soliton solutions to the fractional complex structured (1+1)-dimensional perturbed gerdjikov-ivanov equation
Authors: El-Tantawy Samir A , Alyousef Haifa A , Matoog R T , Shah Rasool 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this work, we examine the complex structured Fractional Perturbed Gerdjikov-Ivanov equation (FPGIE), which describes the propagation of optical pulses with perturbation effects. This model finds applications in optical fibers, especially in photonic crystal fibers. We are discovered novel and unique optical soliton solutions using the modified Extended Direct Algebraic Method (mEDAM), which has never been used with this model previously. As a result, a hierarchy of traveling wave solutions including singular kink, periodic, solitary kink, and rogue-shaped soliton solutions, etc., are derived. Some obtained solutions are discussed graphically based on numerical values of some parameters related to the solution. The results add new and unique soliton types to the model and demonstrate how they interact and impact the system’s overall dynamics.
A metal-free polarization-insensitive ultrathin and ultra-wideband terahertz absorber with wide incident angle
Authors: Rani Neha , Saha Seemanti 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this work, a novel metal-free absorber structure design is proposed with an ultra-thin geometry and ultrawideband response in the lower terahertz region. The unit cell of the proposed absorber is a simple tri-layered structure with silicon as a substrate sandwiched between the silicon resonator layer at the top and a graphite layer at the bottom. The absorber displays a near-perfect absorption for a wider range of frequency spectrum between 2.7 THz to 9.2 THz covering a bandwidth of 6.5 THz and a relative bandwidth of 102%. The proposed absorber exhibits a multi-band response in close proximity when coupled by a mode-hybridization technique resulting in an ultra-wide-band response. The interaction between the resonating modes of the silicon disc resonator layer and multiple modes in the dielectric cavity is responsible for this ultra-wideband absorption response. The performance of the proposed absorber is analyzed and optimized for various geometrical parameters. Also, the frequency response tunability behavior is reported in contrast to certain geometrical parameter variations. The simulation results are validated using the equivalent circuit modeling technique. The absorber response is polarisation insensitive owing to its symmetrical structure and is angularly stable for a wider angle of incidence up to 70 degrees. The resonator-free bi-layered structure of the proposed absorber can be utilized as a narrowband narrow-scale sensor. The sensing performance of the proposed absorber is analysed across a wide frequency range which makes it a suitable candidate for bio-sensing applications.
Rotating black strings beyond Maxwell's electrodynamics
Authors: Bakhtiarizadeh Hamid R. , Golchin Hanif 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the asymptotically Anti-de Sitter solutions of rotating
black strings coupled to Born-Infeld and Modified Maxwell non-linear electrodynamics in the
context of Einsteinian, Einsteinian cubic and Einsteinian quartic gravity. By studying the
near-horizon behavior of solutions, we find the mass parameter, surface gravity and accordingly
the Hawking temperature. We also compute the entropy, mass, angular momentum, electric charge, and
the electrostatic potential of solutions to show that, in the context of above theories and in the
presence of two mentioned non-linear electrodynamics, the first law of thermodynamics for rotating
black strings is also exactly hold. We also investigate extremality, thermal stability and phase
transition of solutions.
On the improved dynamics approach in loop quantum black holes
Authors: Zhang Hongchao , Gan Wen-Cong , Gong Yungui , Wang Anzhong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the Böhmer–Vandersloot (BV) model of loop quantum black holes obtained from the improved dynamics approach. We adopt the Saini–Singh gauge, in which it was found analytically that the BV spacetime is geodesically complete. We show that black/white hole horizons do not exist in this geodesically complete spacetime. Instead, there exists only an infinite number of transition surfaces, which always separate trapped regions from anti-trapped ones. Comments on the improved dynamics approach adopted in other models of loop quantum black holes are also given.
Ren-integrable and ren-symmetric integrable systems
Authors: Lou S Y 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A new type of symmetry, ren-symmetry, describing anyon physics and corresponding topological physics, is proposed. Ren-symmetry is a generalization of super-symmetry which is widely applied in super-symmetric physics such as super-symmetric quantum mechanics, super-symmetric gravity, super-symmetric string theory, super-symmetric integrable systems and so on. Super-symmetry and Grassmann numbers are, in some sense, dual conceptions, and it turns out that these conceptions coincide for the ren situation, that is, a similar conception of ren-number (R-number) is devised for ren-symmetry. In particular, some basic results of the R-number and ren-symmetry are exposed which allow one to derive, in principle, some new types of integrable systems including ren-integrable models and ren-symmetric integrable systems. Training examples of ren-integrable KdV-type systems and ren-symmetric KdV equations are explicitly given.
Steroid hormone receptor based gene delivery systems as potential oral cancer therapeutics
Authors: Bhattacharya Dwaipayan , Bharati Madhu Rani , Sakhare Kalyani , Khandelia Piyush , Banerjee Rajkumar , Narayan Kumar Pranav 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid receptors are principally ligand-dependent intracellular transcription factors that are known to influence the development and growth of many human cancers. Our study investigates the potential of these receptors to act as a target for oral cancer treatment since findings in this regard are sparse till date. Leveraging the aberrant behavior of steroid hormone receptors (SHRs) in cancer, we have targeted oral cancer cells in 2D-culture using liposomes containing both synthetic as well as crude, natural SHR ligands isolated from an aqueous Indian medicinal plant. Lipoplexes thus formulated demonstrated targeted transfectability as indicated by expression of green fluorescent protein. Transfection of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells with exogenous, anticancer gene p53 lipoplexed with crude saponin-based liposome induced apoptosis of cancer cells via regulation of BAX and B-cell leukemia/lymphoma-2 (BCL2) protein levels at levels comparable with pre-established delivery systems based on synthetic SHR ligands. Our findings strongly indicate a possibility of developing plant saponin-based inexpensive delivery systems which would target cancer cells selectively with reduced risks of off target delivery and its side effects.
Projection of the precipitation-induced landslide risk in China by 2050
Authors: Ge Shilong , Wang Jun , Jiang Chao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
China is highly susceptible to landslides and debris flow disasters as it is a mountainous country with unique topography and monsoon climate. In this study, an efficient statistical model is used to predict the landslide risk in China under the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 by 2050, with the precipitation data from global climate models (GCMs) as the driving field. Additionally, for the first time, the impact of future changes in land use types on landslide risk is explored. By distinguishing between landslide susceptibility and landslide risk, the results indicate that the landslide susceptibility in China will change in the near future. The occurrence of high-frequency landslide risks is concentrated in southwestern and southeastern China, with an overall increase in landslide frequency. Although different GCMs differ in projecting the future spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation, there is a consensus that the increased landslide risk in China’s future is largely attributed to the increase in extremely heavy precipitation. Moreover, alterations in land use have an impact on landslide risk. In the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and Loess Plateau, changes in land types can mitigate landslide risks. Conversely, in other areas, such changes may increase the risk of landslides. This study aims to facilitate informed decision-making and preparedness measures to protect lives and assets in response to the changing climate conditions.
Improved and formal proposal for device-independent quantum private query
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Authors: Basak Jyotirmoy , Chakraborty Kaushik , Maitra Arpita , Maitra Subhamoy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we present a novel quantum private query (QPQ) scheme that is fully device-independent. As far as we know, this is the first QPQ scheme that uses EPR pairs and offers full device independence. Our approach takes into account the self-testing of shared EPR pairs and the self-testing of projective measurement operators in a mistrustful scenario where neither the client nor the server trusts each other. To achieve full device independence, we also exploit self-testing of a specific class of POVM operators used by the client in our scheme. Additionally, we evaluate the performance of our proposal formally and derive an upper limit of the maximum cheating probabilities (when the protocol does not terminate) for both the dishonest client and the dishonest server.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2) in frail or older people with type 2 diabetes and heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Aldafas Rami , Crabtree Tomas , Alkharaiji Mohammed , Vinogradova Yana , Idris Iskandar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is) reduce cardio-metabolic and renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) but their efficacy and safety in older or frail individuals remains unclear.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRA and Google Scholar and selected randomised controlled trials and observational studies comparing SGLT2Is versus placebo/other glucose-lowering agent for people with frailty or older individuals (&gt;65 years) with T2D and heart failure (HF). Extracted data on the change in HbA1c % and safety outcomes were pooled in a random-effects meta-analysis model.

Results
We included data from 20 studies (22 reports; N = 77,083 patients). SGLT2Is did not significantly reduce HbA1c level (mean difference −0.13, 95%CI: −0.41 to 0.14). SGLT2Is were associated with a significant reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality (risk ratio (RR) 0.81, 95%CI: −0.69 to 0.95), cardiac death (RR 0.80, 95%CI: −0.94 to 0.69) and hospitalisation for heart failure (HHF) (RR 0.69, 95%CI: 0.59–0.81). However, SGLT2Is did not demonstrate significant effect in reducing in the risk of macrovascular events (acute coronary syndrome or cerebral vascular occlusion), renal progression/composite renal endpoint, acute kidney injury, worsening HF, atrial fibrillation or diabetic ketoacidosis.

Conclusions
In older or frail patients with T2D and HF, SGLT2Is are consistently linked with a decrease in total mortality and the overall burden of cardiovascular (CV) events, including HHF events and cardiac death, but not protective for macrovascular death or renal events. Adverse events were more difficult to quantify but the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis or acute kidney injury was not significantly increase.
Networks of gut bacteria relate to cardiovascular disease in a multi-ethnic population: the HELIUS study
Authors: Warmbrunn Moritz V , Boulund Ulrika , Aron-Wisnewsky Judith , de Goffau Marcus C , Abeka Rosamel E , Davids Mark , Bresser Lucas R F , Levin Evgeni , Clement Karine , Galenkamp Henrike , Ferwerda Bart , van den Born Bert-Jan J H , Kurilshikov Alexander , Fu Jingyuan , Zwinderman Aeilko H , Soeters Maarten R , van Raalte Daniel H , Herrema Hilde , Groen Albert K , Nieuwdorp Max 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Aims
Gut microbiota have been linked to blood lipid levels and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The composition and abundance of gut microbiota trophic networks differ between ethnicities. We aim to evaluate the relationship between gut microbiotal trophic networks and CVD phenotypes.

Methods and results
We included cross-sectional data from 3860 individuals without CVD history from 6 ethnicities living in the Amsterdam region participating in the prospective Healthy Life in Urban Setting (HELIUS) study. Genetic variants were genotyped, faecal gut microbiota were profiled, and blood and anthropometric parameters were measured. A machine learning approach was used to assess the relationship between CVD risk (Framingham score) and gut microbiota stratified by ethnicity. Potential causal relationships between gut microbiota composition and CVD were inferred by performing two-sample Mendelian randomization with hard CVD events from the Pan-UK Biobank and microbiome genome-wide association studies summary data from a subset of the HELIUS cohort (n = 4117). Microbial taxa identified to be associated with CVD by machine learning and Mendelian randomization were often ethnic-specific, but some concordance across ethnicities was found. The microbes Akkermansia muciniphila and Ruminococcaceae UCG-002 were protective against ischaemic heart disease in African-Surinamese and Moroccans, respectively. We identified a strong inverse association between blood lipids, CVD risk, and the combined abundance of the correlated microbes Christensenellaceae–Methanobrevibacter–Ruminococcaceae (CMR). The CMR cluster was also identified in two independent cohorts and the association with triglycerides was replicated.

Conclusion
Certain gut microbes can have a potentially causal relationship with CVD events, with possible ethnic-specific effects. We identified a trophic network centred around Christensenellaceae, Methanobrevibacter, and various Ruminococcaceae, frequently lacking in South-Asian Surinamese, to be protective against CVD risk and associated with low triglyceride levels.
Translatome profiling reveals Itih4 as a novel smooth muscle cell–specific gene in atherosclerosis
Authors: Ravindran Aarthi , Holappa Lari , Niskanen Henri , Skovorodkin Ilya , Kaisto Susanna , Beter Mustafa , Kiema Miika , Selvarajan Ilakya , Nurminen Valtteri , Aavik Einari , Aherrahrou Rédouane , Pasonen-Seppänen Sanna , Fortino Vittorio , Laakkonen Johanna P , Ylä-Herttuala Seppo , Vainio Seppo , Örd Tiit , Kaikkonen Minna U 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Aims
Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and their derivatives are key contributors to the development of atherosclerosis. However, studying changes in SMC gene expression in heterogeneous vascular tissues is challenging due to the technical limitations and high cost associated with current approaches. In this paper, we apply translating ribosome affinity purification sequencing to profile SMC-specific gene expression directly from tissue.

Methods and results
To facilitate SMC-specific translatome analysis, we generated SMCTRAP mice, a transgenic mouse line expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-tagged ribosomal protein L10a (EGFP-L10a) under the control of the SMC-specific αSMA promoter. These mice were further crossed with the atherosclerosis model Ldlr−/−, ApoB100/100 to generate SMCTRAP−AS mice and used to profile atherosclerosis-associated SMCs in thoracic aorta samples of 15-month-old SMCTRAP and SMCTRAP-AS mice. Our analysis of SMCTRAP-AS mice showed that EGFP-L10a expression was localized to SMCs in various tissues, including the aortic wall and plaque. The TRAP fraction demonstrated high enrichment of known SMC-specific genes, confirming the specificity of our approach. We identified several genes, including Cemip, Lum, Mfge8, Spp1, and Serpina3, which are known to be involved in atherosclerosis-induced gene expression. Moreover, we identified several novel genes not previously linked to SMCs in atherosclerosis, such as Anxa4, Cd276, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor-4 (Itih4), Myof, Pcdh11x, Rab31, Serpinb6b, Slc35e4, Slc8a3, and Spink5. Among them, we confirmed the SMC-specific expression of Itih4 in atherosclerotic lesions using immunofluorescence staining of mouse aortic roots and spatial transcriptomics of human carotid arteries. Furthermore, our more detailed analysis of Itih4 showed its link to coronary artery disease through the colocalization of genome-wide association studies, splice quantitative trait loci (QTL), and protein QTL signals.

Conclusion
We generated a SMC-specific TRAP mouse line to study atherosclerosis and identified Itih4 as a novel SMC-expressed gene in atherosclerotic plaques, warranting further investigation of its putative function in extracellular matrix stability and genetic evidence of causality.
A classical case report of constrictive pericarditis, highlighting the role of magnetic resonance imaging and haemodynamic assessment
Authors: Conradi Paulina M , Heidendael Josephine F , Lucas Carolien M H B , Talebian Yazdi Mehrdad , Handoko M Louis 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Constrictive pericarditis is a rare complication of pericarditis and is difficult to diagnose due to non-specific presentation. It mostly presents with right-sided heart failure as a consequence of a rigid pericardium that encases the heart causing impaired diastolic filling.

Case summary
We present the case of a patient with signs and symptoms of dyspnoea and right-sided heart failure who was initially diagnosed with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) but remained symptomatic despite being euvolaemic after treatment. A septal bounce and shudder on echocardiogram prompted further investigation. Eventually, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and invasive biventricular pressure measurements led to the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis. A pericardiectomy was performed after which the patient was relieved of symptoms.

Discussion
Constrictive pericarditis can mimic HFpEF. Due to its potentially curable character, timely recognition is of cardinal importance. In patients with symptoms of severe right-sided heart failure not resolving after diuretic therapy, a septal shudder on echocardiography should trigger further investigation, with e.g. CMR and cardiac catheterization.
Trends in atrial fibrillation-related mortality in Europe, 2008–2019
Authors: Zuin Marco , Malagù Michele , Vitali Francesco , Balla Cristina , De Raffele Martina , Ferrari Roberto , Boriani Giuseppe , Bertini Matteo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Aims
Update data regarding the atrial fibrillation (AF)-related mortality trend in Europe remain scant. We assess the age- and sex-specific trends in AF-related mortality in the European states between the years 2008 and 2019.

Methods and results
Data on cause-specific deaths and population numbers by sex for European countries were retrieved through the publicly available World Health Organization mortality dataset for the years 2008–2019. Atrial fibrillation-related deaths were ascertained when the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code I48 was listed as the underlying cause of death in the medical death certificate. To calculate annual trends, we assessed the average annual % change (AAPC) with relative 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Joinpoint regression. During the study period, 773 750 AF-related deaths (202 552 males and 571 198 females) occurred in Europe. The age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) linearly increased from 12.3 (95% CI: 11.2–12.9) per 100 000 population in 2008 to 15.3 (95% CI: 14.7–15.7) per 100 000 population in 2019 [AAPC: +2.0% (95% CI: 1.6–3.5), P &lt; 0.001] with a more pronounced increase among men [AAPC: +2.7% (95% CI: 1.9–3.5), P &lt; 0.001] compared with women [AAPC: +1.7% (95% CI: 1.1–2.3), P &lt; 0.001] (P for parallelism 0.01). Higher AAMR increases were observed in some Eastern European countries such as Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland, while the lower increases were mainly clustered in Central Europe.

Conclusion
Over the last decade, the age-adjusted AF-related mortality has increased in Europe, especially among males. Disparities still exist between Western and Eastern European countries.