bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Publicking/Privating: The Gestural Politics of Digital Spaces
Authors: Bajohr Hannes 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe distinction between public and private spheres has become increasingly blurred in the digital age. As more aspects of life move online, where information is potentially visible to anyone, traditional barriers dividing public and private realms dissolve. This creates a default condition of publicness for much online activity. In response, Internet users have developed novel ways of demarcating contexts as more public or more private through “gestures” (Vilém Flusser) that range from literal bodily movements to highly context-dependent and media-specific signs. This essay argues that in digital environments, the notions of “public” and “private” take on active, performative dimensions as verbs — “publicking” and “privating.” Users engage in ongoing yet subtle negotiations to establish “spaces of appearance” (Hannah Arendt) and signify communication as directed toward distinct audiences. The essay criticizes classic theories of the public sphere as inadequate for digital life. It proposes recasting the distinction as fluid and gestural rather than stable and institutional. Although overlooked as trivial, micro-gestures of publicking and privating enable users to perform publicness and privateness in a time in which the public has become an act rather than a place. Studying these fleeting yet meaningful gestures provides insight into how users resist the default publicness of contemporary digital life.
A Scoping Review of Online Teaching in Undergraduate Surgical Training
Authors: Ebrahim Sumayyah , Dorsamy Enbavani , Phillip Jessica Lyn , Naidoo Ruvashni , Van Wyk Jacqueline Marina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis scoping review aimed to map the use of online teaching methods in undergraduate surgical education globally.A systematic search of the literature for articles published between 2016 and 2021 was undertaken in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, CENTRAL, and ERIC databases. Records were screened independently and in duplicate. Data was extracted from the included studies and emerging themes analysed.We screened 2142 records, and 196 records were assessed for eligibility. Fifty-six studies were included. Most studies (47/56) were from high-income country settings. Studies were categorised based on their reported focus: curriculum incorporating online teaching methods (16/56), online assessment techniques (2/56), use of social media in surgical education (6/56), virtual reality (6/56), microlearning methods (9/56), and online surgical skills training (17/56). Most studies, 55.4% (31/56) described changes made to surgical undergraduate training due to COVID-19. The main online teaching methods comprised video-based instruction on core surgical topics and skills training. The main advantages of online teaching and learning methods were convenience, access, and availability of resources, and the opportunity for self-paced learning. Disadvantages related to poor internet connectivity, and lack of essential infrastructure.Online methods are novel and facilitated the continuation of teaching and learning activities during COVID-19. However, it is unlikely that pure e-learning will replace traditional teaching, and hybrid/blended modes of instruction should be explored to better understand its application in medical education. Further long-term studies are needed to evaluate the impact of online teaching on students’ clinical competency.
The Role of Social Isolation on Mediating Depression and Anxiety among Primary Family Caregivers of Older Adults: A Two-Wave Mediation Analysis
Authors: Liang Jiaming , Aranda Maria P. , Jang Yuri , Wilber Kathleen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Primary family caregivers of older people with chronic care conditions are highly vulnerable to social isolation and psychological strains such as depression and anxiety due to their demanding responsibilities. This study examines how social isolation mediates the relationship between caregiving stress and mental health symptoms of primary family caregivers.

Methods
The analytic sample included 881 primary caregivers of older adults from the 2015 and 2017 National Study of Caregiving (NSOC). Social isolation was measured using a composite structure that includes objective social disconnectedness and subjective loneliness. Two-wave mediation models were estimated to examine longitudinally if social isolation mediated the relationship between caregiving stress (subjective & objective stress) and mental health symptoms (depression & anxiety) of primary caregivers.

Results
The study findings indicate that both subjective (β = 0.32, p < 0.001) and objective stress (β = 0.21, p = 0.003) have direct effects on depression among primary caregivers. Social isolation was found to only mediate the relationship between objective stress and depression (β = 0.18, p < 0.001). In contrast, no significant direct and indirect pathway was found in the anxiety model.

Conclusions
The study demonstrates the internal mechanism where objective strains of caregiving make family caregivers socially isolated, which in turn leads to increased symptoms of depression. Future interventions and practices aimed at improving the psychological well-being of family caregivers should prioritize strategies aimed at increasing social engagement, particularly for those with heavy caregiver burdens.
Preliminary Assessment of Joint Roughness Coefficient of Rock Slope Using UAV–SfM Photogrammetry Technique
Authors: Adnan Raja Asyraf Azizan Raja , Ismail Mohd Ashraf Mohamad , Tobe Hayato , Miyoshi Takako , Date Kensuke , Yokota Yasuhiro 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Joint roughness coefficient (JRC) is an important criterion to determine the shear strength of rock, for example, as one of the inputs for the Barton–Bandis model. Conventionally, the Barton comb profilometer is widely used in the field but it is labour-intensive, has limited accessibility and involves potential hazard. This study aims to evaluate the structure from motion photogrammetry technique in producing reliable JRC measurements. To achieve this, a sample from a rock slope is used to determine the JRC readings. A drone is used to take a high-quality image of the rock slope using unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry method. Image processing consists of four quality ratings: low, medium, high and ultra-high. Digitalisation of the JRC of the rock slope takes place to create a 3D model using photogrammetry. The JRC measurement results are compared with the manual Barton comb profilometer method to verify the photogrammetry technique. As a result, the JRC of the rock slope can be produced by using the image analysis technique. The ultra-high quality has the most accurate measurement as actual length with 0% error compared to actual measurements using Barton comb. For low, medium and high quality, the errors were 10.26%, 7.69% and 2.56%, respectively, to the actual length of the selected lines. However, the medium quality is the most efficient way because it can produce the reliable JRC measurement within a short period and can be used in fieldwork.
Reactive transport modeling of scale precipitation and deposition during incompatible water injection in carbonate reservoirs
Authors: Shojaee A. , Kord S. , Miri R. , Mohammadzadeh O. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSeawater injection is an efficient enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method that capitalizes on the chemical composition differences between the injecting seawater and in-situ formation water, which leads to physicochemical interactions between the rock and fluids. These rock and fluid interactions result in changes of rock wettability and subsequent improved microscopic sweep efficiency. However, the ion imbalance resulting from seawater injection and its incompatibility with the in-situ formation water may interfere with the rock and fluids equilibrium state, causing scale precipitation and subsequent deposition which can negatively impact rock quality, well productivity and reservoir performance. In this study, an accurate, robust, and general approach is presented by coupling a geochemical module with a compositional two-phase fluid flow model to handle reactive transport in porous media. The proposed coupled model, so-called ad-scale model, is capable of simulating carbonate rock dissolution and sulfate scale formation/deposition for evaluating reservoir performance under incompatible water injection. The model predictions were validated using experimental data. This model was also utilized to predict water injection rate into a carbonate formation. It was obtained that both the reacting and non-reacting component profiles were accurately predicted using the proposed coupled model. The water injection rate prediction was also validated and showed high accuracy with absolute error and coefficient of determination values of 9.02% and 0.99, respectively. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was performed on water composition, which showed a strong dependence of reservoir and well performance on water composition.
Graphical abstract
This diagram elucidates what exactly happens during incompatible water injection in the mixing zones near the injection well (right half of the figure) or production well (left half of the figure) where most of the geochemical phenomena occur.
Optimizing characteristics of high-performance concrete incorporating hybrid polypropylene fibers
Authors: Tahwia Ahmed M. , Mokhles Marwa , Elemam Walid E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation is to assess and optimize the impact of hybrid polypropylene fibers (coarse monofilament and staple fibers) on the mechanical characteristics and resistance to elevated temperature of high-performance concrete. Concrete mixtures were designed using central composite design under response surface methodology. Slump test, compressive strength, flexural strength, impact test, elevated temperature resistance and microstructure of concrete were the tests performed. The slump values were slightly decreased with the addition of polypropylene fibers. Concrete mixtures reinforced with hybrid polypropylene fibers have significantly improved in terms of compressive strength and flexural strength ranged from 1.96% to 12% and 14.28% to 41.9%, respectively, at age 56 days compared to control mixture without fibers. The hybridization of 5 kg monofilament and 0.75 kg staple fibers achieved the highest compressive strength (84.6 MPa), flexural strength (14.9 MPa), and the optimum impact resistance at age 56 days. The increase of coarse monofilament fibers significantly improved the spalling resistance performance. The residual compressive strength of mixture containing 5 kg monofilament and 0.75 kg staple fibers up to 63.8% of the initial strength after exposure to 800 C0. Strong relationships were obtained for predicting and optimizing compressive and flexural strength of concrete incorporating hybrid polypropylene fibers.
Influence of biochar on growth performances, yield of root and tuber crops and controlling plant-parasitic nematodes
Authors: Edussuriya Randima , Rajapaksha Anushka Upamali , Jayasinghe Chamila , Pathirana Chaamila , Vithanage Meththika 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRoot and tuber crops are important sources of food and provide income for millions of people worldwide besides an observed high demand for organically produced harvests. Hence, recent attention has been given to utilizing biochar, a carbon-rich material produced from the pyrolysis of organic materials, which improves soil structure, water-holding capacity, and nutrient availability, as an amendment to produce organic root and tuber crops. These effects are caused by the formation of organic coatings on the surface of biochar, which decreases hydrophobicity and increases the ability to retain nutrients, acting as a slow-release mechanism delivering nutrients dependent on plant physiological requirements. However, comprehensive studies on the impact of biochar application on root and tuber crop growth, productivity, and effectiveness in eliminating soil parasites have not been extensively studied. Thus, the purpose of this review is to explore the use of biochar and biochar-based soil amendments and their potential applications for improving the growth, yield, and efficacy of controlling parasitic nematodes in a wide range of root crops. Most of the studies have investigated the effects of biochar on cassava, sweet potatoes, and minor root crops such as ginger and turmeric. It has been observed that biochar application rates (5–20 t ha−1) increase the vine length and the number of leaves, tubers, and tuber weight. The addition of biochar demonstrates the ability to control plant-parasitic nematodes in a rate-dependent manner. While biochar has shown promising results in improving crop growth and yield of limited root and tuber crops based on a few biochar types, ample opportunities are around to evaluate the influence of biochar produced in different temperatures, feedstock, modifications and controlling parasitic nematodes.
Graphical abstract
Golden jackal expansion in northernmost Europe: records in Finland
Authors: Kojola Ilpo , Henttonen Heikki , Heikkinen Samuli , Ranc Nathan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Eurasian golden jackal (Canis aureus) has been rapidly expanding its distribution range in Europe. Whether jackals will be able to adapt to new environmental conditions in northern Europe remains largely unresolved. Herein we provide additional evidence for the species’ ability to colonize northern environments by presenting the new records of golden jackal occurrence in Finland. During 2018–2022, golden jackals were recorded at six localities of which one located in southern, four in central and one in northern Finland. We drafted potential main routes of dispersal movements by jackals in northern Europe, and discuss ecology and management of this newly colonizing species in Finland.
Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus: an emerging plant begomovirus threatening cucurbit production
Authors: Cai Lingmin , Mei Yuzhen , Ye Ruyi , Deng Yun , Zhang Xuejun , Hu Zhongyuan , Zhou Xueping , Zhang Mingfang , Yang Jinghua 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV), a bipartite begomovirus, was first reported to infect tomato and has recently spread rapidly as an emerging disease to Cucurbitaceae crops. To date, the virus has been reported to infect more than 11 cucurbit crops, in 16 countries and regions, causing severe yield losses. In autumn 2022, ToLCNDV was first isolated from cucurbit plants in Southeastern coastal areas of China. Phylogenetic analysis established that these isolates belong to the Asian ToLCNDV clade, and shared high nucleotide identity and closest genetic relationship with the DNA-A sequence from the Chinese tomato-infecting ToLCNDV isolate (Accession no. OP356207) and the tomato New Delhi ToLCNDV-Severe isolate (Accession no. HM159454). In this review, we summarize the occurrence and distribution, host range, detection and diagnosis, control strategies, and genetic resistance of ToLCNDV in the Cucurbitaceae. We then summarize pathways that could be undertaken to improve our understanding of this emerging disease, with the objective to develop ToLCNDV-resistant cucurbit cultivars.
How does the place of residence affect young people’s disengagement?
Authors: Cinquegrana Giuseppe , De Luca Giovanni , Mazzocchi Paolo , Quintano Claudio , Rocca Antonella 
Published: October 2023

AbstractYoung people are one of the most vulnerable segments of the population in the labour market. This evidence is due to many personal and macro-economic factors and applies to all countries worldwide. However, the young people's disadvantage strongly differs across countries and, in some cases, also within the countries. In this paper, we aim at analyzing the influence that the place of residence exerts on the propensity to the NEET (young individuals not in employment, education, or training) status in Italy, the country that, in Europe, shows by many years the highest share of NEETs, with an evident internal variability. We applied a multilevel model using macro-data with deep territorial detail: the regional, the provincial, and even the municipality level. Results highlight the significant effect on the NEET phenomenon of factors linked to the territory, including the share of enterprises, the innovative content of the economy, and the quality of the education system. Investing in education, even in adults’ continuing education, can significantly reduce the share of NEETs, especially in the most depressed areas of the South of Italy.
The human role to guarantee an ethical AI in healthcare: a five-facts approach
Authors: Iniesta Raquel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
With the emergence of AI systems to assist clinical decision-making, several ethical dilemmas are brought to the general attention. AI systems are claimed to be the solution for many high-skilled medical tasks where machines can potentially surpass human ability as for example in identifying normal and abnormal chest X-rays. However, there are also warns that AI tools could be the basis for a human replacement that can risk dehumanisation in medicine. In recent years, important proposals in the domain of AI ethics in healthcare have identified main ethical issues, as for example fairness, autonomy, transparency, and responsibility. The human warranty, which implies human evaluation of the AI procedures, has been described to lower the ethical risks. However, as relevant these works have been, translating principles into action has proved challenging as existing codes were mostly a description of principles. There is a great need to produce how-to proposals that are specific enough to be action-guiding. We present five human-focussed facts designed into a framework of human action for an ethical AI in healthcare. Through the factors, we examine the role of medical practitioners, patients, and developers in designing, implementing, and using AI in a responsible manner that preserves human dignity. The facts encompass a range of ethical concerns that were commonly found in relevant literature. Given that it is crucial to bring as many perspectives as possible to the field, this work contributes to translate principles into human action to guarantee an ethical AI in health.
Automotive manufacturing enterprise financial risk evolution monitoring and early warning simulation: based on the perspective of value chain analysis
Authors: Min Jian , Li Zhi-Qi , Liu Yi , Zhang Yu-Dan , Yang Jian-Bo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe automotive industry value chain, which includes the “upstream suppliers—the middle-stream manufacturing enterprises-downstream customers”, constitutes the closest environment for the automotive manufacturing enterprises. From the perspective of value chain, combined with the idea of system dynamics, we analyze the formation mechanism of financial risk in automotive manufacturing enterprises, construct a financial risk evolution monitoring model based on value stream and construct a financial dynamic early warning simulation model by using free cash flow. The vehicle manufacturing listed companies in 2011–2015 are selected as samples. The empirical research results show that the financial risk situation can be changed by adjusting the value chain structure, that is, the causal feedback of the system, and the result of financial warning may change. The contribution of this paper is to analyze the enterprise financial risk based on the value chain and provide new ideas for the financial early warning of the enterprise from the perspective of value creation.
Insights into active and passive carbon sequestration and causticity reduction in hazardous red mud slurry
Authors: Qin Junhao , Ying Jidong , Wang Yunji , Niu Anyi , Lin Chuxia , Qiu Rongliang , Lim Jun Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBatch experiments were conducted to collect data for obtaining insights into the chemical mechanisms and kinetics of red mud neutralization by both atmospheric (passive treatment) and injected CO2 (active treatment) in the absence and presence of gypsum. Active treatments allowed effective sequestration of CO2 within 1 h. A mixing ratio of gypsum to red mud at 0.04–0.06 enabled effective control of pH rebound, completely eliminating the causticity of the red mud by reducing the pH value of red mud to < 9. The carbonation of red mud was realized through the formation of carbon-containing minerals, mainly basic aluminium carbonates (largely dawsonite), sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate and calcite. The importance of calcite as a carbon carrier increased when gypsum was added. Passive treatments also allowed simultaneous causticity reduction and carbon sequestration but at a much slower rate compared to the active treatments. The research findings obtained from this study have implications for developing strategies to cost-effectively manage red mud. Where flue gas is available, active treatment could be a feasible option for simultaneously reducing the harmfulness of red mud and CO2 emission. Passive treatment can be used as a natural attenuation process for low-cost management of red mud. Where off-site utilization of red mud is feasible, gypsum addition at an optimal rate could be a more appropriate option. For future study, industrial-scale experiments are required to validate the research findings obtained from this laboratory-scale study.
An inaccuracy measure between non-explosive point processes with applications to Markov chains
Authors: Bueno Vanderlei da Costa , Balakrishnan Narayanaswamy 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInaccuracy and information measures based on cumulative residual entropy are quite useful and have received considerable attention in many fields, such as statistics, probability, and reliability theory. In particular, many authors have studied cumulative residual inaccuracy between coherent systems based on system lifetimes. In a previous paper (Bueno and Balakrishnan,Prob. Eng. Inf. Sci.36, 2022), we discussed a cumulative residual inaccuracy measure for coherent systems at component level, that is, based on the common, stochastically dependent component lifetimes observed under a non-homogeneous Poisson process. In this paper, using a point process martingale approach, we extend this concept to a cumulative residual inaccuracy measure between non-explosive point processes and then specialize the results to Markov occurrence times. If the processes satisfy the proportional risk hazard process property, then the measure determines the Markov chain uniquely. Several examples are presented, including birth-and-death processes and pure birth process, and then the results are applied to coherent systems at component level subject to Markov failure and repair processes.
Factors associated with uptake of guideline-recommended cardiovascular implantable electronic device management: a nationwide, retrospective cohort study
Authors: Young Sara , Mull Hillary J. , Golenbock Samuel , Stolzmann Kelly , Shin Marlena , Lamkin Rebecca P. , Linsenmeyer Katherine D. , Epshtein Isabella , Kalver Emily , Strymish Judith M. , Branch-Elliman Westyn 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Clinical guidelines recommend device removal for cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infection management. In this retrospective, nationwide cohort, 60.8% of CIED infections received guideline-concordant care. One-year mortality was higher among those without procedural management (25% vs 16%). Factors associated with receipt of device procedures included pocket infections and positive microbiology.