bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Topology-Shape-Metrics Framework for Ortho-Radial Graph Drawing
Authors: Barth Lukas , Niedermann Benjamin , Rutter Ignaz , Wolf Matthias 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOrthogonal drawings, i.e., embeddings of graphs into grids, are a classic topic in Graph Drawing. Often the goal is to find a drawing that minimizes the number of bends on the edges. A key ingredient for bend minimization algorithms is the existence of an orthogonal representation that allows to describe such drawings purely combinatorially by only listing the angles between the edges around each vertex and the directions of bends on the edges, but neglecting any kind of geometric information such as vertex coordinates or edge lengths. In this work, we generalize this idea to ortho-radial representations of ortho-radial drawings, which are embeddings into an ortho-radial grid, whose gridlines are concentric circles around the origin and straight-line spokes emanating from the origin but excluding the origin itself. Unlike the orthogonal case, there exist ortho-radial representations that do not admit a corresponding drawing, for example so-called strictly monotone cycles. An ortho-radial representation is called valid if it does not contain a strictly monotone cycle. Our first main result is that an ortho-radial representation admits a corresponding drawing if and only if it is valid. Previously such a characterization was only known for ortho-radial drawings of paths, cycles, and theta graphs (Hasheminezhad et al. in Australas J Combin 44:171–182, 2009), and in the special case of rectangular drawings of cubic graphs (Hasheminezhad et al. in Comput Geom 43(9):767–780, 2010), where the contour of each face is required to be a combinatorial rectangle. Additionally, we give a quadratic-time algorithm that tests for a given ortho-radial representation whether it is valid, and we show how to draw a valid ortho-radial representation in the same running time. Altogether, this reduces the problem of computing a minimum-bend ortho-radial drawing to the task of computing a valid ortho-radial representation with the minimum number of bends, and hence establishes an ortho-radial analogue of the topology-shape-metrics framework for planar orthogonal drawings by Tamassia (SIAM J Comput 16(3):421–444, 1987).
On Unique Sums in Abelian Groups
Authors: Bedert Benjamin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLet A be a subset of the cyclic group $${\textbf{Z}}/p{\textbf{Z}}$$

Z
/
p
Z

with p prime. It is a well-studied problem to determine how small |A| can be if there is no unique sum in $$A+A$$

A
+
A

, meaning that for every two elements $$a_1,a_2\in A$$

a
1

,

a
2

∈
A

, there exist $$a_1',a_2'\in A$$

a
1
′

,

a
2
′

∈
A

such that $$a_1+a_2=a_1'+a_2'$$

a
1

+

a
2

=

a
1
′

+

a
2
′

and $$\{a_1,a_2\}\ne \{a_1',a_2'\}$$

{

a
1

,

a
2

}

≠

{

a
1
′

,

a
2
′

}

. Let m(p) be the size of a smallest subset of $${\textbf{Z}}/p{\textbf{Z}}$$

Z
/
p
Z

with no unique sum. The previous best known bounds are $$\log p \ll m(p)\ll \sqrt{p}$$

log
p
≪
m

(
p
)

≪

p

. In this paper we improve both the upper and lower bounds to $$\omega (p)\log p \leqslant m(p)\ll (\log p)^2$$

ω

(
p
)

log
p
⩽
m

(
p
)

≪

(
log
p
)

2

for some function $$\omega (p)$$

ω
(
p
)

which tends to infinity as $$p\rightarrow \infty $$

p
→
∞

. In particular, this shows that for any $$B\subset {\textbf{Z}}/p{\textbf{Z}}$$

B
⊂
Z
/
p
Z

of size $$|B|<\omega (p)\log p$$

|
B
|
<
ω
(
p
)
log
p

, its sumset $$B+B$$

B
+
B

contains a unique sum. We also obtain corresponding bounds on the size of the smallest subset of a general Abelian group having no unique sum.
Effect of antiplatelet and anticoagulant medication use on injury severity and mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury treated in the intensive care unit
Authors: Vehviläinen Juho , Virta Jyri J. , Skrifvars Markus B. , Reinikainen Matti , Bendel Stepani , Ala-Kokko Tero , Hoppu Sanna , Laitio Ruut , Siironen Jari , Raj Rahul 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Antiplatelet and anticoagulant medication are increasingly common and can increase the risks of morbidity and mortality in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Our study aimed to quantify the association of antiplatelet or anticoagulant use in intensive care unit (ICU)–treated TBI patients with 1-year mortality and head CT findings.

Method
We conducted a retrospective, multicenter observational study using the Finnish Intensive Care Consortium database. We included adult TBI patients admitted to four university hospital ICUs during 2003–2013. The patients were followed up until the end of 2016. The national drug reimbursement database provided information on prescribed medication for our study. We used multivariable logistic regression models to assess the association between TBI severity, prescribed antiplatelet and anticoagulant medication, and their association with 1-year mortality.

Results
Of 3031 patients, 128 (4%) had antiplatelet and 342 (11%) anticoagulant medication before their TBI. Clopidogrel (2%) and warfarin (9%) were the most common antiplatelets and anticoagulants. Three patients had direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) medication. The median age was higher among antiplatelet/anticoagulant users than in non-users (70 years vs. 52 years, p < 0.001), and their head CT findings were more severe (median Helsinki CT score 3 vs. 2, p < 0.05). In multivariable analysis, antiplatelets (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.02–2.58) and anticoagulants (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.06–1.94) were independently associated with higher odds of 1-year mortality. In a sensitivity analysis including only patients over 70, antiplatelets (OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.16–4.22) and anticoagulants (1.50, 95% CI 0.97–2.32) were associated with an increased risk of 1-year mortality.

Conclusions
Both antiplatelet and anticoagulant use before TBI were risk factors in our study for 1-year mortality. Antiplatelet and anticoagulation medication users had a higher radiological intracranial injury burden than non-users defined by the Helsinki CT score. Further investigation on the effect of DOACs on mortality should be done in ICU–treated TBI patients.
Success and complication rates of non-precious alloy telescopic crowns in a general dental practice
Authors: Wierichs R. J. , Kramer E. J. , Meyer-Lueckel H. , Abou-Ayash S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This retrospective, single-center, practice-based cohort study aimed to analyze factors associated with the success of removable partial dentures retained by telescopic crowns (TRPD).

Materials and methods
TRPD which were placed in a single practice of a practice-based research network were analyzed. Data from 139 patients (age (SD): 66 (11) years; 66 female) with 174 TRPD including 488 non-precious alloy telescopic crowns (TC) between 2004 and 2016 were included. TC without any technical complication were considered as successful, and as survived, if they were still in function at the last check-up. Multilevel Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the association between clinical factors and time until failure.

Results
Within a mean follow-up period (SD) of 4.2 (3.3) years (min–max: 1 day–12 years), 372 (76%) TC (AFR5years,TC-level: 5.0%) as well as 136 (87%) TRPD (AFR5years,TRPD-level: 5.1%) (“worst-case scenario”) and 150 (86%) TRPD (AFR5years,TRPD-level: 3.4%) (“best-case scenario”) were considered as successful. The main failure types were recementation (n = 39), endodontic treatment (n = 36), and extraction (n = 35). TC in male patients showed 1.6 times higher risk for failure than in female patients (95%CI: 1.1–2.4; p = 0.023). TC on premolars showed 2.2 times higher risk for failure than on incisors (95%CI: 1.1–5.0; p = 0.023) and TC in dentures with ≤ 3TC showed 2.1 times higher risk for failure than TC in dentures with > 3TC (1.3–3.4; p = 0.042). Furthermore, TC on the most distal tooth in an arch showed 2.4 times higher risk for failure than TC on a more mesial tooth (1.5–3.8; p < 0.001).

Conclusion
For removable partial dentures retained by telescopic crowns, high success rates could be found after up to 12 years. Patient-level and tooth-level factors were significantly associated with failure.

Clinical relevance
For removable partial dentures retained by telescopic crowns, high success rates could be found after up to 12 years. Patient-level and tooth-level factors were significantly associated with failure.
Use of the experience sampling method in adolescents with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a feasibility study
Authors: Lionarons Judith M. , Delespaul Philippe A. E. G. , Hellebrekers Danique M. J. , Broen Martinus P. G. , Klinkenberg Sylvia , Faber Catharina G. , Hendriksen Jos G. M. , Vles Johan S. H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExperience sampling methods (ESM) using mobile health (mHealth) technology with a smartphone application are increasingly used in clinical practice and research. Still, recommendations are limited in young people, and adaptations may be necessary. Patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are chronically treated with steroids from a young age. However, the impact of intermittent treatment schedules on fluctuations in somatic, cognitive and behavioural symptoms is poorly investigated. Existing studies are often cross-sectional and occur in controlled clinical settings, which do not provide sufficiently detailed insights into possible correlations. ESM might alleviate these problems. ESM innovates data collection with a smartphone application, which repeatedly assesses specific symptoms and contextual factors at random moments in daily life. We aimed to evaluate its feasibility in adolescents with DMD. In three (without/with/without steroids) 4-day periods of ESM, that were nested in 10/10 or 11/9 day on/off-medication periods, we evaluated its user-friendliness and compliance, and explored its ability to objectify fluctuations in somatic, cognitive and behavioural symptom severity and their relationship with contextual factors in seven DMD patients (age range 12–18 years) using intermittent corticosteroid treatment (dosage range 0.3–0.6 mg/kg/day). Patients reported that ESM was convenient and user-friendly. We were able to capture extensive intra-individual symptom fluctuations during intermittent corticosteroid treatment that were not revealed by routine clinical assessment. Implementing ESM to evaluate symptom fluctuation patterns in relation to treatment effects shows promise in adolescents with DMD. Optimization in further research is needed.
Sea level rise and the increasing frequency of inundation in Australia’s most exposed estuary
Authors: Hanslow David J. , Fitzhenry Martin G. , Hughes Michael G. , Kinsela Michael A. , Power Hannah E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe large tidal lake systems along the Southeast Australian coast are amongst the most vulnerable estuaries in Australia to the effects of sea level rise. In these lakes, reduced tide ranges compared with the ocean, in combination with modest flood extremes, have allowed development to occur in close vertical proximity to the current mean sea level. In this study, we examine water levels within Lake Macquarie, Australia’s most exposed estuary to sea level rise. We analyse water level data from the entrance channel and the lake to investigate recent changes to the frequency and duration of inundation or flooding of low-lying streets and examine the potential impacts of future rises in sea level. Our analysis shows that the numbers of days each year when water levels exceed those of low-lying streets, while subject to some variability, have increased significantly over recent decades. The increasing frequency of inundation is attributed to both mean sea level rise and an increase in tide range over the period of available data, which is thought to be associated with scour processes related to ongoing morphological adjustment to entrance training works undertaken over a century ago. Comparison of the projected behaviour of lake and open coast water levels under sea level rise shows the lake has significantly greater sensitivity to sea level rise. Projected inundation frequency for a given amount of sea level rise within the lake is double that of open coast sites, exposing infrastructure in the estuary to increasing risk of damage.
Bouncing back from failure: Digital technology capability, entrepreneurial alertness, and reentry intention
Authors: Wang Hongxin , Wu Wenqing , Zhang Chenjian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEntrepreneurs who have recovered from failure and reentered entrepreneurial activities account for almost half of all entrepreneurs. However, extant research drawing on a human capital perspective has provided mixed evidence regarding whether failed entrepreneurs subsequently choose reentry or seek paid employment. Situating our study in the context of the digital era, we consider digital technology capability as an emerging, specific, and critical human capital in the development of entrepreneurial alertness, thereby influencing reentry intention. Our study proposes that entrepreneurs possessing a high level of digital technology capability have the potential to obtain rich and diverse information, reduce reentry barriers, and enhance their capacity to materialize business ideas, all of which are conducive to the development of entrepreneurial alertness and increased reentry intention. Using a sample of 263 Chinese entrepreneurs who have experienced at least one entrepreneurial failure, we find evidence in support of our hypotheses. Moving beyond the extant literature’s focus on the antecedents and consequences of entrepreneurial alertness, our study enriches our understanding of its mediating role in the relationship between human capital and reentry intention. Further, we provide a nuanced understanding of these relationships by demonstrating social costs and entrepreneurial resilience to be important moderators.
Home-based work, time allocations, and subjective well-being: gender differences in the United Kingdom
Authors: Giménez-Nadal José Ignacio , Velilla Jorge 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTelework and work from home practices have clear implications for workers’ daily behaviors and well-being. This paper explores the differences between workers from home (WFH) and workers away from home (WAFH) time allocations during their workdays, and the instant enjoyment experienced while doing such activities, with a focus on gender differences. We use detailed information from the UK Time Use Survey for the years 2014–2015, which provides us with detailed records of time use along with measures of instantaneous enjoyment. The results show a statistically significant reduction in female and male paid work time associated with WFH, who spend more time than WAFH in unpaid work and leisure activities, but these factors vary between weekdays and weekends. The results also reveal a reduction in men’s experienced enjoyment among WFH while doing paid work, and all WFH enjoy their leisure activities less than do WAFH. These results may improve our understanding of how the practice of WFH relates to worker time allocations during the day, to experienced well-being, and to gender differences in time allocation and well-being.
Detecting delamination via nonlinear wave scattering in a bonded elastic bar
Authors: Tamber Jagdeep S. , Chappell David J. , Poore Jack C. , Tranter Matt R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper we examine the effect of delamination on wave scattering, with the aim of creating a control measure for layered waveguides of various bonding types. Previous works have considered specific widths of solitary waves for the simulations, without analysing the effect of changing the soliton parameters. We consider two multi-layered structures: one containing delamination ‘sandwiched’ by perfect bonding and one containing delamination but ‘sandwiched’ by soft bonding. These structures are modelled by coupled Boussinesq-type equations. Matched asymptotic multiple-scale expansions lead to coupled Ostrovsky equations in soft bonded regions and Korteweg-de Vries equations in the perfectly bonded and delaminated region. We use the Inverse Scattering Transform to predict the behaviour in the delaminated regions. In both cases, numerical analysis shows that we can predict the delamination length by changes in the wave structure, and that these changes depend upon the Full Width at Half Magnitude (FWHM) of the incident soliton. In the case of perfect bonding, we derive a theoretical prediction for the change and confirm this numerically. For the soft bonding case, we numerically identify a similar relationship using the change in amplitude. Therefore we only need to compute one curve to determine the behaviour for any incident solitary wave, creating a framework for designing measurement campaigns for rigorously testing the integrity of layered structures.
Learning to write syntheses: the effect of process feedback and of observing models on performance and process behaviors
Authors: Vandermeulen Nina , Van Steendam Elke , De Maeyer Sven , Lesterhuis Marije , Rijlaarsdam Gert 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWriting a synthesis text involves interacting reading and writing processes, serving the comprehension of source information, and its integration into a reader-friendly and accurate synthesis text. Mastering these processes requires insight into process’ orchestrations. A way of achieving this is via process feedback in which students compare their process orchestration with examples. Access to such examples of enacted process orchestration models might have an additional learning effect. In the present study we replicated and extended the study of Vandermeulen et al. (Written Communication, 40(1), 90–144, 2023) on the effect of keystroke logging data-based process feedback with feed-forward exemplars when compared to national baseline performances. In addition, we report the effect of a brief extension in which learners had the opportunity to observe an enacted model of their choice, showing one of three orchestrations of the initial stage of writing a synthesis task. A total of 173 10th—grade students were randomly assigned to a process feedback condition with or without added models. A baseline, consisting of a nationally representative sample of upper-secondary students’ texts and processes, served as an alternative control group. Results showed that the process feedback, both with and without observation, had a significant effect on text quality. Regarding the process data, students in the feedback condition had a more prominent focus on the sources as they spent more time in them and switched more often between text and sources, compared to the baseline. The observation task magnified this effect.
Nomogram development and external validation for predicting overall survival and cancer-specific survival in patients with primary retroperitoneal sarcoma: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zheng Jialiang , Zhuang Aobo , Xia Xiaogang , Miao Fenglin , Wang Zhao , Kong Xu , Ren Yantao , Ma Yuan , Lin Zhenhang , Lu Weiqi , Li Wengang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Primary retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) comprises over 70 histologic subtypes, yet there are limited studies that have developed prognostic nomograms for RPS patients to predict overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). The objective of this study was to construct prognostic nomograms for predicting OS and CSS in RPS patients.

Methods
We identified a total of 1166 RPS patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database, and an additional 261 cases were collected from a tertiary cancer center. The study incorporated various clinicopathological and epidemiologic features as variables, and prediction windows for overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were set at 3, 5, and 7 years. Multivariable Cox models were utilized to develop the nomograms, and variable selection was performed using a backward procedure based on the Akaike Information Criterion. To evaluate the performance of the nomograms in terms of calibration and discrimination, we used calibration plots, coherence index, and area under the curve.

Findings
The study included 818 patients in the development cohort, 348 patients in the internal validation cohort, and 261 patients in the external validation cohort. The backward procedure selected the following variables: age, French Federation of Cancer Centers Sarcoma Group (FNCLCC) grade, pre-/postoperative chemotherapy, tumor size, primary site surgery, and tumor multifocality. The validation results demonstrated that the nomograms had good calibration and discrimination, with C-indices of 0.76 for OS and 0.81 for CSS. Calibration plots also showed good consistency between the predicted and actual survival rates. Furthermore, the areas under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves for the 3-, 5-, and 7-year OS (0.84, 0.82, and 0.78, respectively) and CSS (0.88, 0.88, and 0.85, respectively) confirmed the accuracy of the nomograms.

Interpretation
Our study developed accurate nomograms to predict OS and CSS in patients with RPS. These nomograms have important clinical implications and can assist healthcare providers in making informed decisions regarding patient care and treatment options. They may also aid in patient counseling and stratification in clinical trials.
Transgenic direct terminal repeats of Dissociation (Ds) produce chromosomal breakage in maize
Authors: Krishnaswamy Lakshminarasimhan , Zhao Changzeng , Albert Patrice S. , Gao Zhi , Mazalale Ellen , York Alessandra Torno , Nastasi Louis , Kelly Jacob A. , Yang Hua , Birchler James A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBarbara McClintock recognized transposable elements originally by the movement of a site of chromosomal breakage, a genetic element called Dissociation (Ds) that was induced to break or transpose by another element she called Activator. The chromosome breaking version, when analyzed on the molecular level was one transposon inside another. It is now known that transposition involving transposon termini in non-standard orientation with reference to each other results in chromosomal breakage. Here we used engineered transposon ends together with a phenotypic marker to cause targeted chromosomal breaks. The results indicate that engineered direct orientation of the naturally inverted repeats of Dissociation can cause chromosomal breakage at the transgenic sites of insertion.
Detection of interacting variables for generalized linear models via neural networks
Authors: Havrylenko Yevhen , Heger Julia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe quality of generalized linear models (GLMs), frequently used by insurance companies, depends on the choice of interacting variables. The search for interactions is time-consuming, especially for data sets with a large number of variables, depends much on expert judgement of actuaries, and often relies on visual performance indicators. Therefore, we present an approach to automating the process of finding interactions that should be added to GLMs to improve their predictive power. Our approach relies on neural networks and a model-specific interaction detection method, which is computationally faster than the traditionally used methods like Friedman’s H-Statistic or SHAP values. In numerical studies, we provide the results of our approach on artificially generated data as well as open-source data.