bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical study of natural zeolite modified with lavender essential oil
Authors: Tsacheva Ivelina , Gigova Adriana , Dimitrov Ognian , Dimitrova Mariela , Uzun Dzhamal 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Zeolite-containing nanocomposites as candidates for Lavender oil delivery systems were investigated. The nanocomposite samples and lavender oil delivery systems were investigated by pore size distribution and X-ray diffraction (XRD), the specific surface area with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). These initial results could significantly contribute to the further development of applications for lavender essential oil delivery systems based on natural zeolites as innovative bioactive products.
Substitution effects on Y-type hexaferrites’ magnetic characteristics
Authors: Georgieva B , Kolev S , Krezhov K , Ghelev Ch , Kovacheva D , Tzvetkov P , Tran L-M , Babij M , Koutzarova T 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The effect is discussed of the partial replacement of the Me2+ in the Y-type hexaferrite crystal structure with non-magnetic (Mg2+) and magnetic (Ni2+) cations on the observed magnetic characteristics of Ba0.5Sr1.5Me2Fe12O22. Y-type hexaferrite powder material was prepared by citric acid sol-gel self-ignition and sintering at 1170 °C in air to reach Ba0.5Sr1.5MgxNiyFe12O22. To determine the magnetic phase transitions, the ZFC/FC magnetisation was followed in magnetic fields of 50 Oe and 100 Oe between 4.2 K and 300 K; this was complemented with hysteresis loops recorded at the end temperatures. The results show that combining the magnetic Ni2+ with the nonmagnetic Mg2+ in Ba0.5Sr1.5 Me2Fe12O22 can be effective in controlling the magnetic interactions to regulate the temperature of the magnetic transition from helical to ferrimagnetic arrangement above room temperature.
A well plate-based GelMA photo-crosslinking system with tunable hydrogel mechanical properties to regulate the PTH-mediated osteogenic fate
Authors: Paek Kyurim , Woo Sangwook , Song Seung Jae , Kim Min Kyeong , Yi Keewook , Chung Seok , Kim Jeong Ah 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Versatile and efficient regulation of the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix is crucial not only for understanding the dynamic changes in biological systems, but also for obtaining precise and effective cellular responses in drug testing. In this study, we developed a well plate-based hydrogel photo-crosslinking system to effectively control the mechanical properties of hydrogels and perform high-throughput assays. We improved cell biocompatibility by using gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) with a visible light photo-crosslinking method. Multiple cell-laden GelMA hydrogels were simultaneously and uniformly created using multi-arrayed 520 nm light-emitting diodes in a well plate format. The elastic modulus of the hydrogels can be widely adjusted (0.5–30 kPa) using a photo-crosslinking system capable of independently controlling the light intensity or exposure time for multiple samples. We demonstrate the feasibility of our system by observing enhanced bone differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on stiffer hydrogels. Additionally, we observed that the osteogenic fate of hMSCs, affected by the different mechanical properties of the gel, was regulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH). Notably, in response to PTH, hMSCs in a high-stiffness microenvironment upregulate osteogenic differentiation while exhibiting increased proliferation in a low-stiffness microenvironment. Overall, the developed system enables the generation of multiple cell-laden three-dimensional cell culture models with diverse mechanical properties and holds significant potential for expansion into drug testing.
Yearly population data at census tract level revealed that more people are now living in highly fire-prone zones in California, USA
Authors: Laszewski Slade , Jia Shenyue , Viner Jessica , Ho Wesley , Hoover Brian , Kim Seung Hee , Kafatos Menas C 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In California (CA), the wildland-urban interface (WUI) faces escalating challenges due to surging population and real estate development. This study evaluates communities along CA’s WUI that have witnessed substantial population growth from 2010 to 2021, utilizing demographic data and the 2020 WUI boundaries by the University of Wisconsin-Madison SILVIS Lab. Employing the Mann-Kendall test, we analyze yearly population trends for each census tract along the CA WUI and assess their significance. House ownership, affordability, and wildfire risk are examined as potential drivers of this demographic shift. Our findings indicate that 12.7% of CA’s total population now resides in census tracts with significant population increases over the past decade, labeled as ‘high-growth tracts.’ The Bay Area and Southern California, encompassing 76% of all high-growth tracts in CA, witnessed the most substantial population increase along the WUI. Notably, Riverside County stands out with 29.2% of its residents (approximately 717,000 residents) located in high-growth tracts, exemplifying a significant population surge within CA’s WUI. Our analysis identifies a significant relationship between population increase in the WUI, house ownership, and affordability, where lower-priced homes come at the expense of heightened wildfire risk. However, the impact of house affordability on population growth within the WUI varies by region, playing a more prominent role in explaining population proportions in Southern California’s WUI, while in the universally low-affordability Bay Area, other motivations may drive residents to live within the WUI. Given the rapid growth and insufficient consideration of wildfire risk in the WUI, policymakers must take prompt action, ensuring adequate infrastructure and resources as more individuals relocate to areas with heightened wildfire risk.
Introduction
Authors: Armstrong Chris 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The world is in the midst of a biodiversity crisis, which existing conservation policies have failed to arrest. Policy makers, academics, and the general public are coming to recognize that much more ambitious conservation policies are in order. However, biodiversity conservation raises major issues of global justice—even if the connection between conservation and global justice is too seldom made. The lion’s share of conservation funding is spent in the global North, even though most biodiversity exists in the global South, and even though local people can often scarcely afford to make sacrifices in the interests of biodiversity conservation. Many responses to the biodiversity crisis threaten to exacerbate existing global injustices, to lock people into poverty, and to exploit the world’s poor. At the extreme, policies aimed at protecting biodiversity have also been associated with exclusion, dispossession, and violence. This book grapples with the challenge of how biodiversity might be conserved without producing global injustice. It distinguishes policies likely to exacerbate global injustice, and policies that promise to reduce it. The struggle to formulate and implement just conservation policies is vital to our planet’s future.
Watchmen over the Apocalyptic Ninth Century
Authors: Gabriele Matthew 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter slowly moves into the ninth century. In early medieval Europe, authors understood the Augustinian stasis but began to look for signs that God was moving sacred history along. The development of the Franks’ idea of themselves as a new chosen people was the key that unlocked this mystery. The pattern played itself out. The new kingdom of Israel rose, then splintered and fell, just as the old one had. New exegetes such as Hrabanus Maurus and Haimo of Auxerre became new watchmen on the walls, new prophets, calling the sinful Franks back to the Lord.
Franz Boas and the Primacy of Form
Authors: Nanay Bence 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
There is systematic epistemic asymmetry between different centers of art production: we know far more about some (e.g. fifteenth-century Italian paintings) than about others (e.g. fifteenth-century Inca textiles). As long as we are focusing on the social context of the artworks or the artist’s intention, this epistemic asymmetry remains, given that we have vastly more information about the social context of the artworks or the artist’s intention when it comes to ‘Western’ art—again, because of the historically contingent differences in record-keeping and the survival rate of such records. If we want to overcome the epistemic asymmetry between ‘Western’ and ‘Non-Western’ art, we need to look elsewhere. I will argue, using Franz Boas’s work, that we should look for formal features. In order to avoid the epistemic asymmetry that follows from the historically contingent fact that we have more information about some cultures than about others, we need to start our analysis with formal categories.
Effects of rhythm-control and rate-control strategies on cognitive function and dementia in atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Guo Jiahuan , Liu Yanfang , Jia Jiaokun , Lu Jingjing , Wang Dandan , Zhang Jia , Ding Jian , Zhao Xingquan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Growing evidence suggests that atrial fibrillation (AF) is an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia, even in the absence of thromboembolic events and stroke. Whether rhythm-control therapy can protect cognitive function remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of rhythm-control strategies in patients with AF regarding cognitive function and dementia risk.

Methods
We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases for randomised clinical trials, cohort and case–control studies evaluating the associations between rhythm-control strategies and cognitive function outcomes up to May 2023. We assessed the risk of bias using the ROBINS-I and the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Both fixed- and random-effects models were used to create summary estimates of risk.

Results
We included a total of 14 studies involving 193,830 AF patients. In the pooled analysis, compared with rate-control, rhythm-control therapy was significantly associated with a lower risk of future dementia (hazard ratio (HR) 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.62–0.89; I2 = 62%). Among the rhythm-control strategies, AF ablation is a promising treatment that was related to significantly lower risks of overall dementia (HR 0.62; 95% CI 0.56–0.68; I2 = 42%), Alzheimer’s disease (HR 0.78; 95% CI 0.66–0.92; I2 = 0%) and vascular dementia (HR 0.58; 95% CI 0.42–0.80; I2 = 31%). Pooled results also showed that compared with patients without ablation, those who underwent AF ablation had significantly greater improvement in cognitive score (standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.85; 95% CI 0.30–1.40; P = 0.005; I2 = 76%).

Conclusions
Rhythm-control strategies, especially ablation, are effective in protecting cognitive function, reducing dementia risk and thus improving quality of life in AF patients.
Core requirements of frailty screening in the emergency department: an international Delphi consensus study
Authors: Moloney Elizabeth , O’Donovan Mark R , Carpenter Christopher R , Salvi Fabio , Dent Elsa , Mooijaart Simon , Hoogendijk Emiel O , Woo Jean , Morley John , Hubbard Ruth E , Cesari Matteo , Ahern Emer , Romero-Ortuno Roman , Mcnamara Rosa , O’Keefe Anne , Healy Ann , Heeren Pieter , Mcloughlin Darren , Deasy Conor , Martin Louise , Brousseau Audrey Anne , Sezgin Duygu , Bernard Paul , Mcloughlin Kara , Sri-On Jiraporn , Melady Don , Edge Lucinda , O’Shaughnessy Ide , Van Damme Jill , Cardona Magnolia , Kirby Jennifer , Southerland Lauren , Costa Andrew , Sinclair Douglas , Maxwell Cathy , Doyle Marie , Lewis Ebony , Corcoran Grace , Eagles Debra , Dockery Frances , Conroy Simon , Timmons Suzanne , O’Caoimh Rónán 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionFrailty is associated with adverse outcomes among patients attending emergency departments (EDs). While multiple frailty screens are available, little is known about which variables are important to incorporate and how best to facilitate accurate, yet prompt ED screening. To understand the core requirements of frailty screening in ED, we conducted an international, modified, electronic two-round Delphi consensus study.MethodsA two-round electronic Delphi involving 37 participants from 10 countries was undertaken. Statements were generated from a prior systematic review examining frailty screening instruments in ED (logistic, psychometric and clinimetric properties). Reflexive thematic analysis generated a list of 56 statements for Round 1 (August–September 2021). Four main themes identified were: (i) principles of frailty screening, (ii) practicalities and logistics, (iii) frailty domains and (iv) frailty risk factors.ResultsIn Round 1, 13/56 statements (23%) were accepted. Following feedback, 22 new statements were created and 35 were re-circulated in Round 2 (October 2021). Of these, 19 (54%) were finally accepted. It was agreed that ideal frailty screens should be short (&lt;5 min), multidimensional and well-calibrated across the spectrum of frailty, reflecting baseline status 2–4 weeks before presentation. Screening should ideally be routine, prompt (&lt;4 h after arrival) and completed at first contact in ED. Functional ability, mobility, cognition, medication use and social factors were identified as the most important variables to include.ConclusionsAlthough a clear consensus was reached on important requirements of frailty screening in ED, and variables to include in an ideal screen, more research is required to operationalise screening in clinical practice.
Multicolor flow cytometric immunophenotyping is highly sensitive and specific in identifying aberrant mast cells in the diagnostic workup of systemic mastocytosis
Authors: Nwogbo Okechukwu Valentine , Fang Hong , Wang Wei , Xu Jie , Miranda Roberto N , Bose Prithviraj , Ok Chi Young , Jorgensen Jeffrey L , Medeiros L Jeffrey , Wang Sa A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Flow cytometric immunophenotyping (FCI) is a fast and sensitive method for characterizing hematolymphoid neoplasms. It is not widely used in the workup of systemic mastocytosis (SM), in part because of the technical challenges and in part because the utility of FCI in assessing mast cells is not well understood. The objectives of this study were to assess the diagnostic utility of FCI in establishing a diagnosis of SM and distinguishing SM from nonneoplastic mast cells and to examine the immunophenotypic findings among SM subtypes.

Methods
We performed FCI on bone marrow samples suspicious for SM using a panel consisting of CD2, CD25, CD30, CD45, CD117, and HLA-DR.

Results
The cohort included 88 SM cases: 67 without an associated hematologic neoplasm (AHN) (PureSM) and 21 with an AHN (SM-AHN). We also assessed 40 normal/reactive controls. Overall, FCI was adequate for interpretation in 87 of 88 (99%) cases and detected at least 1 immunophenotypic aberrancy in 100% of SM cases. CD2, CD25, and CD30 were positive in 78%, 98%, and 90% of SM cases vs 0%, 13%, and 13% of cases with normal/reactive mast cells (P &lt; .0001 for all). Two or 3 abnormalities were observed in 92% of SM cases but not in normal/reactive mast cells. Among SM cases, SM-AHN showed statistically significant less CD2 (38% vs 91%, P &lt; .0001) and less co-expression of all 3 aberrant markers (CD2, CD25, and CD30 positive in 38% vs 86% of cases; P &lt; .0001) than PureSM. Immunohistochemical analysis showed consistently weaker or focal expression of CD2, CD25, and CD30 than FCI, with CD2 and CD30 being falsely negative in 40% and 50% cases, respectively. A KIT D816V mutation was detected in 67% of PureSM cases and 76% of SM-AHN cases.

Conclusions
Flow cytometric immunophenotyping is a quick, sensitive, high-yield tool for evaluating the immunophenotype of mast cells. An abnormal FCI finding should prompt careful histologic evaluation and sensitive KIT D816V mutation testing to address the possibility of SM. CD2, CD25, and CD30 are important markers for the detection of immunophenotypic aberrancy of mast cells, and their frequencies of aberrancy differ across SM subtypes.
Real-world utilization of ceftazidime/avibactam among inpatients in the national Veterans Affairs Healthcare System
Authors: Caffrey Aisling R , Appaneal Haley J , Lopes Vrishali V , Riccobene Todd A , LaPlante Kerry L 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections are challenging to treat due to underlying patient conditions, pathogen characteristics, and high antibiotic resistance rates. As newer antibiotic therapies come to market, limited data exist about their real-world utilization.

Methods
This was a national retrospective cohort study of ceftazidime/avibactam (approved in 2015) utilization among inpatients from the Veterans Affairs (VA) Healthcare System, from 2015 through 2021. Joinpoint regression was used to estimate time trends in utilization.

Results
Ceftazidime/avibactam use increased by 52.3% each year (days of therapy per 1,000 bed days; 95% confidence interval, 12.4%-106.4%). We identified 1,048 unique predominantly male (98.3%) and white (66.2%; Black, 27.7%) patients treated with ceftazidime/avibactam, with a mean (SD) age of 71.5 (11.9) years. The most commonly isolated organisms were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (36.3%; carbapenem resistant, 80.6%; MDR, 65.0%) and Klebsiella species (34.1%; carbapenem resistant, 78.4%; extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistant, 90.7%). Common comorbid conditions included hypertension (74.8%), nervous system disorders (60.2%), diabetes mellitus (48.7%), and cancer (45.1%). Median time to ceftazidime/avibactam initiation from admission was 6 days, with a median of 3 changes in therapy before ceftazidime/avibactam initiation and a subsequent median length of inpatient stay of 14 days (median of 8 days of ceftazidime/avibactam therapy). Treatment heterogeneity was high, both before ceftazidime/avibactam initiation (89.6%) and during ceftazidime/avibactam treatment (85.6%), and common concomitant antibiotics included vancomycin (41.4%), meropenem (24.1%), cefepime (15.2%), and piperacillin/tazobactam (15.2%). The inpatient mortality rate was 23.6%, and 20.8% of patients had a subsequent admission with ceftazidime/avibactam treatment.

Conclusion
Utilization of ceftazidime/avibactam increased from 2015 to 2021 in the national VA Healthcare System. Ceftazidime/avibactam was utilized in complex, difficult-to-treat patients, with substantial treatment heterogeneity and variation in the causative organism and culture sites.
Key considerations in navigating ticagrelor’s reported effect on heparin-induced thrombocytopenia functional assays in a landscape of limited data
Authors: Salman Genene , Johannesmeyer Herman J , Breen Martin J 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This article discusses key considerations regarding ticagrelor’s reported effect on heparin-induced thrombocytopenia functional assays, such as literature gaps and possible management strategies.

Summary
Limited data indicate that ticagrelor may induce false-negative results in functional assays used in the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. False-negative functional assays for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia could have catastrophic consequences. The manufacturer labeling of ticagrelor now includes a warning for this potential drug-laboratory interaction. This article suggests areas that would benefit from further research and strategies in navigating this possible interaction.

Conclusion
Clinicians should exercise caution when evaluating functional assays for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients receiving ticagrelor. This article offers suggestions for future areas of research and potential management strategies.
Alcohol-related cognitive impairments in patients with and without cirrhosis
Authors: Angerville Bernard , Jurdana Marie-Alix , Martinetti Margaret P , Sarba Ruxandra , Nguyen-Khac Éric , Naassila Mickael , Dervaux Alain 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Aims
up to 80% of patients with alcohol use disorder display cognitive impairments. Some studies have suggested that alcohol-related cognitive impairments could be worsened by hepatic damage. The primary objective of this study was to compare mean scores on the Brief Evaluation of Alcohol-Related Neurocognitive Impairments measure between alcohol use disorder patients with (CIR+) or without cirrhosis (CIR−).

Methods
we conducted a prospective case–control study in a hepatology department of a university hospital. All patients were assessed using the Evaluation of Alcohol-Related Neuropsychological Impairments test.

Results
a total of 82 patients (50 CIR+, 32 CIR−) were included in this study. CIR− patients were significantly younger than CIR+ patients (respectively, 45.5 ± 6.8 vs 60.1 ± 9.0; P &lt; .0001). After adjusting for age and educational level, the mean Evaluation of Alcohol-Related Neuropsychological Impairments total scores in the CIR+ group were significantly lower than in the group of CIR− patients (14.1 ± 0.7 vs 7.8 ± 0.4, respectively, P &lt; .0001). The mean subscores on delayed verbal memory, alphabetical ordination, alternating verbal fluency, visuospatial abilities, and ataxia subtests were also significantly lower in the CIR+ than in the CIR− group (respectively, 1.9 ± 0.2 vs 2.8 ± 0.2; 1.8 ± 0.2 vs 2.7 ± 0.2; 2.2 ± 0.2 vs 3.6 ± 0.2; 0.7 ± 0.2 vs 1.6 ± 0.2; 0.7 ± 0.2 vs 3.1 ± 0.2; P &lt; .0001 for all comparisons).

Conclusions
in the present study, alcohol use disorder patients with cirrhosis presented more severe cognitive impairments than those without cirrhosis. Longitudinal studies are needed to investigate how cirrhosis can influence cognitive impairments.
Unpublishing as Form: Hart Crane, Jack Spicer, and the Thresholds of Periodical Publication
Authors: Bratton Francesca 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Rejections are a given in any poet’s career. This essay considers how rejections and the idea of the unpublished fragment might shape poetic form, how practical decisions might turn into aesthetic ones. Both Hart Crane and Jack Spicer had careers among magazines, the experiments of their writing entwined with ephemeral publishing cultures and communities. This essay explores how, through their own distinct experiments with splintered forms of the long poem, magazine rejections also created opportunities in Crane’s and Spicer’s poetry. Both poets turned practical processes into aesthetic experiments, exploring the states between writing, submission, publication, and acceptance or rejection.Yet practical decisions can turn into aesthetic ones. Indeed, the playful tension between practicality and aesthetics sits at the heart of poetic form. Crane and Spicer both incorporated rejections—unpublished poems or poems waiting on publication through various submissions—into the form of their work.