bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metz on Enhancement: A Relational Critique
Authors: Cordeiro-Rodrigues Luís , Ewuoso Cornelius 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThaddeus Metz’s groundbreaking book A Relational Moral Theory provides a sophisticated moral theory hailing from the Global South. In this book, one of the theses he defends is that biotechnological enhancement is generally morally impermissible. This article, written for a book symposium on A Relational Moral Theory, primarily demonstrates how Metz’s criticisms presented in his book fail to convince. Furthermore, we explore some possible objections from Metzian deontology against enhancement and also show that these do not imply that enhancement is intrinsically wrong. Finally, we showed how Metzian ethics offers good reasons to support rather than oppose enhancement.
The Crisis of the Form. The Paradox of Modern Logic and its Meaning for Phenomenology
Authors: Baratelli Gabriele 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe goal of this paper is to provide an account of the role played by logic in the context of what Husserl names the “crisis of European sciences.” Presupposing the analyses offered in the Krisis, I look at Formale und Transzendentale Logik to demonstrate that the crisis of logic stems from the deviation of its original meaning as a “theory of science” and from its restriction to a mere “theoretical technique.” Through a comparison between Aristotelian syllogistic and modern logic, I show why the modern discovery of the purely formal dimension of knowledge which makes possible such a mathematical technization is a positive achievement that hinders at the same time the disclosure of the truly philosophical nature of logic. The correct appraisal of this ambiguous phenomenon will explain why the rise of modern logic represents a decisive challenge for the success of Husserl’s late phenomenological project.
Associations Between Reward and Future-Related Orientations and General and Specific Mental Health Issues in Adolescence
Authors: Yang Yi , Zhu Xinxin , Auyeung Bonnie , Obsuth Ingrid , Murray Aja 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAdolescence is characterised by a peak in sensation seeking accompanied by gradually developing self-control skills. Adolescents typically show steeper delay discounting performance than other age groups; a feature that is transdiagnostically related to a variety of mental health disorders. However, delay discounting performance is not a singular mental process but involves both risk/reward and future orientation elements, usually operationalised as probability/risk and time discounting tasks, respectively. To clarify the specific relations between the risk/reward and future orientation elements of delay discounting and different types of mental health problems, two bi-factor models and a series of structural equation models (SEMs) were fitted to multi-informant (parent and adolescent self-reported) mental health data from a large UK study. A transdiagnostic promotive role of future orientation was found using bi-factor modelling to separate general and dimension-specific mental health variation; however, this was limited to parent reports. In addition, future orientation was negatively associated with conduct problems and ADHD symptoms, but positively associated with emotional problems. Risk aversion was negatively associated with conduct problems, but positively associated with emotional and peer problems. The findings highlight that risk/reward and future orientation elements of delay discounting play partly distinct roles in different mental health problems and can serve both promotive and risk roles during adolescence. Findings also illuminate which elements of delay discounting should be intervention targets for different mental health concerns.
Differential gene expression in a subpopulation of Phaeodactylum tricornutum with enhanced growth and carotenoid production after FACS-mediated selection
Authors: Macdonald Miller Sean , Herdean Andrei , Gupta Vishal , Signal Brandon , Abbriano Raffaela M. , Ralph Peter J. , Pernice Mathieu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) is a powerful method with many applications in microalgal research, especially for screening and selection of cells with improved phenotypes. However, the technology requires review of gene expression changes responsible for enhanced phenotypes in sorted populations. Phaeodactylum tricornutum cells were sorted using FACS with excitation/emission parameters targeted to favouring the industrially-relevant carotenoid fucoxanthin. The resulting cultures showed significantly higher growth rate (1.10 ×), biomass (1.30 ×), chlorophyll a levels (1.22 ×) and fucoxanthin content (1.28 ×) relative to the wild-type strain. RNA-seq was used to elucidate the underlying molecular-level regulatory changes associated with these traits and represents the first study do so on FACS-sorted microalgal cultures. Transcriptome analysis corroborated evidence of increased chlorophyll a and fucoxanthin, showing enrichment for the genes/pathways for tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and for suites of genes directly related to photosynthesis. Only three genes were upregulated in the MEP (non-mevalonate) pathway to carotenoid biosynthesis pathway, suggesting either a strong influence of IDI, CRTISO5 and ZEP1 on fucoxanthin biosynthesis or a post-transcriptional or post-translational mechanism for the observed increase in fucoxanthin content.
Parents on the Same Page: A Mixed-Methods Investigation of the Acceptability and Appropriateness of Tuning in to Kids Together
Authors: Ambrosi Christina C. , Evans Subhadra , Kavanagh Phillip S. , Havighurst Sophie S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, we examined the acceptability and appropriateness of Tuning in to Kids Together (TIK-Together) from the perspective of program facilitators. TIK-Together is newly a modified version of Tuning in to Kids that specifically focuses on the coparenting relationship (i.e., how parents work together to raise their children) and requires parents to both attend sessions. Through a mixed-method design, Australian facilitators who participated in the TIK-Together pilot study provided their perspectives on the acceptability (i.e., affective attitudes, burden, program benefits) and appropriateness of the program in their communities. It is essential to involve stakeholders, such as program facilitators, in pilot studies as they can provide valuable feedback from their first-hand experience with the program. Facilitators reported that TIK-Together was enjoyable and rewarding, and although delivery was straightforward, additional preparation time was required to manage program materials. Facilitators observed several program benefits, including coparents becoming more aligned and collaborative in their approach to parenting. Certain program components were particularly helpful for parents, including activities that were experiential, interactive, and reflective. Overall, facilitators deemed TIK-Together appropriate for their communities; however, it is not suitable for parents who are uncomfortable or unwilling to work alongside each other in sessions. Given the increased focus on a coparent approach to parenting interventions, the findings provide important insights for researchers and practitioners.
Health Anxiety in Adolescents: The Roles of Online Health Information Seeking and Parental Health Anxiety
Authors: Svestkova Adela , Kvardova Nikol , Smahel David 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHealth anxiety is a condition which can negatively impact the well-being of an individual through rumination or extreme safety measures. However, literature about the factors related to adolescent health anxiety is scarce. In this study, we explored factors potentially related to adolescent health anxiety. Using structural equation modeling, we analyzed data from 1530 Czech adolescents aged 13–18, recruited through quota sampling, and their caregivers (64% female). First, we focused on its transmission from caregiver to offspring and on the moderating effect of gender. Second, we studied the relationship between online health information seeking and adolescent health anxiety with eHealth literacy as a potential moderator. The responses partially supported our hypotheses. Adolescent health anxiety was positively related to the health anxiety of the caregiver. Disease information seeking was positively related to health anxiety, but we found no such effect for fitness information seeking. Finally, eHealth literacy did not moderate online health information seeking. Our results underline that the health anxiety of caregivers and their offspring are intertwined and should ideally be addressed together. Furthermore, we show that for adolescents, like adults, online disease information seeking can be related to health anxiety and should be considered.
Bridging gaps: a systematic literature review of brokerage in educational change
Authors: Rechsteiner Beat , Kyndt Eva , Compagnoni Miriam , Wullschleger Andrea , Maag Merki Katharina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBridging gaps between educational stakeholders at the classroom, school, and system levels is essential to achieve sustainable change in primary and secondary education. However, transferring knowledge or building capacity within this network of loosely coupled stakeholders is demanding. The brokerage concept holds promise for studying these complex patterns of interaction, as it refers to how specific actors (brokers) link loosely coupled or disconnected individuals (brokering). However, different research traditions, in terms of theoretical frameworks and methodological approaches, and various stakeholders examined in their role as bridge builders make understanding the role of brokers, brokering, and brokerage in changing educational practice challenging. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the current literature on these concepts in educational change research. In a systematic literature review based on 42 studies, we analyzed each study’s theoretical assumptions, methodological approach, scope in terms of stakeholders involved, and empirical findings. First, the literature review revealed that research on educational change refers to four different theoretical frameworks when focusing on brokers, brokering, or brokerage. Second, our results indicate that predominantly qualitative approaches have been applied. Third, using content network graphs, we identified teachers and principals as among the most frequently analyzed brokers. Fourth, four relevant aspects of the empirical findings are presented: brokers’ personal characteristics, conditions that enable brokering, successful brokering strategies, and outcomes of brokerage. Finally, we outline a future research agenda based on the empirical evidence base and shortcomings.
Modeling of dark current in semispherical quantum dot structures for infrared photodetection
Authors: Ali Nouran M. , El-Batawy Yasser M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDue to its tunable heterojunction bandgap and great sensitivity to normal incident illumination, the Quantum Dot Infrared Photodetectors (QDIPs) have received a lot of attention for the purpose of infrared sensing. It could be a very promising replacement for conventional infrared photodetectors made with established technology, including mercury cadmium telluride and quantum well infrared photodetectors. In this work, a model for the dark current in semispherical QDIP has been developed, resolves the primary semiconductor Poisson's and continuity equations, where the wave function and the bound states effects are investigated. In this study, Boltzmann transport equation in the photodetector active layer with embedded QDs is solved using the finite difference time domain method to determine the photodetector carrier mobility and its degradation due the quantum dot scattering. The outcomes of the presented have been contrasted with truncated conical QDIPs showing that smaller volume QDs had less noisy dark current. Investigations have been done into how the semispherical QDIP's dark current characteristics are affected by the QD volume, density, and operating temperature.
PEG’s impact as a plasticizer on the PVA polymer’s structural, thermal, mechanical, optical, and dielectric characteristics
Authors: Mohammed M. I. , El-Sayed F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn array of water-soluble polymer blends composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) have been synthesized by the solution casting technique. The prepared blends were tested using X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry, mechanical, optical, and dielectric measurements. According to the XRD studies, PEG has a significant plasticizing impact on PVA, as evidenced by the drop in crystallinity (Xc) values from 31.24 to 25.45%. The thermal study reveals the reduction in the glass transition temperature Tg from 89.2 to 60.6 °C. The outcomes showed that adding PEG affects the mechanical characteristics of PVA/PEG blends, and the ideal blend was one with 25 wt% of PEG loading, where the value of the percentage elongation at break (78%), Toughness (0.44) and surface energy (0.076) reached the highest values at this blend. Meanwhile, Young's modulus declined from 20.34 MPa for pure PVA to 7.07 MPa at 25 wt% PEG. According to the optical studies, the absorption edge shifted from 5.24 to 4.26 eV while the optical band gap ($${{E}_{g}}^{ind}$$

E
g

ind

, $${{E}_{g}}^{d}$$

E
g

d

) decreased from 4.81, 5.46 eV (pure PVA) to 3.77, 5.04 eV (PVA/PEG30%) respectively, which indicates that forming charge transfer complexes between PVA and PEG polymer. The EU values enhanced from 0.238 to 1.296 eV and the refractive index improved from 1.38 to 2.97 when PEG content increased. The dielectric and conduction properties were studied from 100 Hz to 1 MHz. It was demonstrated that the dielectric constant ($${\varepsilon }{\prime}$$

ε
′

) and dielectric loss ($${\varepsilon }{\prime}{\prime}$$

ε
′
′

) are highly frequency-dependent. In addition to that, $$({\varepsilon }{\prime}, {\varepsilon }{\prime}{\prime})$$

(
ε
′
,
ε
′
′
)

values improved from (30, 2) for PVA to (44.46 and 5.39) for PVA/30 wt% PEG blend at 100 Hz, respectively. At the same time, the AC electrical conductivity is improved by increasing the PEG content. These results will likely have far-reaching consequences across a variety of fields, the possible applications due to the increased flexibility of PVA film are flexible packaging, biomedical materials, and other industries that need adaptive and flexible materials. Furthermore, the improved refractive index of the PVA/PEG combination demonstrates its appropriateness for certain applications such as optoelectronic equipment, waveguides, anti-reflective coats, and LEDs. This blend has uses in charge storage devices, such as embedded capacitors due to the enhancement of dielectric constant. Finally, one can say that the research samples have multifunctional applications.
Salient features and emotions elicited from a virtual reality experience: the immersive Van Gogh exhibition
Authors: África Ruíz Gándara , González-Rodríguez M. Rosario , Díaz-Fernández M. Carmen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis research is based on the cognitive-affective-conative model applied to the online reviews posted by visitors of a tourist attraction titled “Van Gogh: The Immersive Experience” held in York (UK). The goals of the study specifically focus on the identification of the cognitive features triggered using the VR device and on the understanding of sentiments and emotions activated by the VR experience. To this end, Text mining and Sentiment analysis have been utilised. This work extends prior studies on VR based on surveys by providing a comprehensive hybrid view of how knowledge is derived from the posted online reviews. The findings offer practitioner insights into the cognitive and affective aspect of the VR experience, which requires special attention for its adaptation so that it continues meeting visitors’ expectations.
Compound powerful qualities: properties as compounds of distinct powers and qualities
Authors: Taylor Henry 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper develops and defends a compound powerful qualities view of properties. According to this view, properties are essentially composed of distinct powerful and qualitative elements. First, I outline an argument for the compound powerful qualities view, based on the claim that it has the explanatory power of other views, without incurring their costs. Second, I argue that the view has the resources to explain how properties are individuated, by claiming that properties are partially individuated by their qualitative elements, and partially by their powerful elements. Third, I distinguish two versions of the view, one of which says that the qualitative and powerful are parts of properties, the other of which says that they are aspects of properties. I argue that the parthood view is the more parsimonious because it can avoid postulating a novel metaphysical relation. Fourth, I argue that the relation between the powerful and qualitative elements of a property is necessary, and lay out various viable options concerning what the relation might be, including grounding and primitivism.
The effects of landscape and yard features on mammal diversity in residential yards within Northwest Arkansas, USA
Authors: Johansson Emily P. , DeGregorio Brett A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe human footprint is rapidly expanding, and wildlife habitat is continuously being converted to human residential properties. Surviving wildlife that reside in developing areas are displaced to nearby undeveloped areas. However, some animals can co-exist with humans and acquire the necessary resources (food, water, shelter) within the human environment. This ability to coexist may be particularly true when development is low intensity, as in residential suburban yards. Yards are individually managed “greenspaces” that can provide a range of food (e.g., bird feeders, compost, gardens), water (bird baths and garden ponds), and shelter (e.g., brush-piles, outbuildings) resources and are surrounded by varying landscape cover. To evaluate which residential landscape and yard features influence the richness and diversity of mammalian herbivores and mesopredators; we deployed wildlife game cameras throughout Northwestern Arkansas, USA in 46 residential yards in summer 2021 and 96 yards in summer 2022. We found that mesopredator diversity had a negative relationship with fences and was positively influenced by the number of bird feeders present in a yard. Mesopredator richness increased with the amount of forest within 400 m of the camera. Herbivore diversity and richness were positively correlated to the area of forest within 400 m surrounding yard and by garden area within yards, respectively. Our results suggest that while landscape does play a role in the presence of wildlife in a residential area, homeowners also have agency over the richness and diversity of mammals using their yards based on the features they create or maintain on their properties.
Enferplex bovine TB antibody test and bovine TB diagnosis: letter to the editor
Authors: Watt Neil , Hayton Alastair , Cutler Keith , O’Brien Amanda , Clarke John , Harkiss Gordon D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBovine tuberculosis is usually diagnosed using tuberculin skin and interferon gamma tests. However, it is clear these tests miss infected animals due to poor sensitivity. The Enferplex Bovine TB antibody test has been validated by the World Organisation for Animal Health as fit for purpose in diagnosing bovine TB. A recent paper by Madden and colleagues (Veterinary Research Communications published online 17 August 2023) presented data on the future risk of Enferplex test antibody positive animals developing bovine TB. We argue in this communication that this does not make sense. Also, the study design did not include measuring antibodies at the point of censure of the animals and hence the survival analysis performed was meaningless. Most significantly, the study misses the point that skin and interferon gamma tests fail to detect a significant proportion of infected animals identified by the Enferplex test.
Replacement of the part of gravity model and of remaining dynamic models by empirical accelerations in the fit processes of a low-Earth satellite orbit and factors limiting their accuracy
Authors: Bobojć Andrzej 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis work contains the results of calculations performed to prove the ability of estimated orbital parameters for the replacement of dynamic models in the orbit determination of a sample low-Earth-orbiting satellite. The obtained solutions include two cases of the absorption of dynamic models. In the first case, the contribution of dynamic models, apart from the gravity field, was absorbed, i.e., the satellite motion was described by the gravity field and estimated parameters. In the second case, the contributions of all dynamic models, including the gravity field, were absorbed. For the gravity field model, the absorption concerned its selected parts. In this case, the satellite motion was modeled only by the gravity model truncated to different degrees and orders and an appropriate set of orbital parameters. In both aforementioned cases, the initial conditions were also improved. Cartesian coordinates of the Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer Mission satellite along selected reference arcs of the official reduced-dynamic orbit served as pseudo-observations in this study. The orbital parameters, also known as empirical accelerations, were determined using the least-squares method by a dedicated orbital package. The results were presented and compared in the form of the root-mean-square (RMS) values of the differences between the estimated orbits and the reference orbits, as well as the corresponding values of the obtained empirical accelerations for selected variants of solutions. The obtained accuracy of the process of the fit of the satellite orbit expressed by the corresponding RMS values, reached a millimeter level. For selected typical solutions, the distribution of residuals and power spectra are presented with an indication of characteristic errors: random and systematic periodic components. Key factors influencing the obtained fit accuracies of estimated orbits are given. Contributions of these factors in the error budget of fits of estimated orbits are also presented. Additionally, in the fit process, the performance of selected gravity models coming from different years is compared to assess the impact of gravity field errors on the results of aforementioned process.