bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing malaria prediction in Amazonas, Brazil: A comparative analysis of deep learning models based on clustering
Authors: Barboza Matheus Félix Xavier , Monteiro Kayo Henrique de Carvalho , Dourado Raphael Augusto , Sampaio Vanderson Souza , Endo Patricia Takako 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Backgound: Malaria is a disease transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquito and can be treatable. However, in 2019 there were over 247 million instances of malaria reported, along with 619,000 fatalities. More than 42 million Brazilians are at danger of developing malaria, with 99 percent of cases occurring in or around the Amazon forest (WHO, 2020). In Brazil, malaria is still a significant public health issue, despite the decline in occurrences and deaths.
Methods: Accurate spatiotemporal forecasting of malaria transmission could help to better allocate resources to help fight the disease. In order to estimate malaria cases in the Amazonas state, we compare and evaluate deep learning, machine learning, and statistical models in this work. We used k-means clustering to group municipalities using a Brazilian dataset of around 6 million records (January 2003 to December 2019) to test if the performance of the models may be improved when grouping municipalities with statistically similar incidence rates of malaria.
Results: The results indicate that the ARIMA model achieved better performance, but, the other models obtained similar values. The division of municipalities by clusters reinforced the application of models for municipalities with similar statistical values.
Conclusions: As for geographic distribution, the results are similar. However, evaluating municipalities by grouping K-means, based on statistical values, is an alternative for decision-makers, as it will be necessary to monitor only 5 large groups instead of 9 health regions. The behavior of the models comparing the dataset with all types of malaria and Malaria Vivax was similar since the amount of data available for the models to perform the learning is quite close.
CTGF, FN1, IL-6, THBS1, and WISP1 genes and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway as prognostic and therapeutic targets in gastric cancer identified by gene network modeling
Authors: Khoshdel Farzane , Mottaghi-Dastjerdi Negar , Yazdani Fateme , Salehi Shirin , Ghorbani Abozar , Montazeri Hamed , Soltany-Rezaee-Rad Mohammad , Goodarzy Babak 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background:Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and it is considered as the fourth most common cause of cancer death. This study aimed to find critical genes/pathways in GC pathogenesis and therefore, discovery of drugs can be helpful in this case.Methods:Differentially expressed genes were explored between human gastric cancer and noncancerous tissues in Gene Expression Omnibus dataset (GSE54129) using the GEO2R tool, and their functions were annotated with Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway enrichment analyses in the STRING database. Hub genes were identified based on the protein-protein interaction network constructed in the STRING database with Cytoscape software. The hub genes were selected for further analysis, and their expression patterns in gastric cancer patients were investigated using the GEPIA2 database.Results:Ten overexpressed hub genes in GC were identified in the current study, including FN1, TP53, IL-6, CXCL5, ELN, ADAMTS2, WISP1, MMP2, CTGF, and THBS1. The study demonstrated the PI3K-Akt pathway's central involvement in GC, with pronounced alterations in essential components. Survival analysis revealed significant correlations between CTGF, FN1, IL-6, THBS1, and WISP1 overexpression and reduced overall survival times in GC patients. A mutual interplay emerged, where PI3K-Akt signaling could upregulate certain genes, forming feedback loops and intensifying cancer phenotypes.Conclusions: The interconnected overexpression of genes and the PI3K-Akt pathway fosters gastric tumorigenesis, suggesting therapeutic potential. DrugBank analysis identified limited FDA-approved drugs, advocating for further exploration while targeting these hub genes could reshape GC treatment. These results might open up new insights into GC pathogenesis. The identified genes might be novel diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets for GC. This work, being based on bioinformatics analysis acts as a hypothesis generator that requires further clinical validation.
Cosmic Ray Diffusion in Space: Insights from 2D Heat Equation Simulations
Authors: Raghavendra Ratnakaram , Reddy Saila Kumari Anna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) are high-energy particles originating from distant astrophysical sources, with significant implications for space environments and systems. Accurate modelling of GCR transport is essential for understanding their behaviour and mitigating their effects on space missions. This study presents a comparative analysis of two numerical methods, the Crank-Nicholson method and the Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) method, for simulating GCR transport in a magnetized environment. The Crank-Nicholson method offers stability and accuracy, using an implicit approach to solve the advection-diffusion equation. We derive and implement the Crank-Nicholson method, demonstrating its ability to capture GCR distribution and interactions. On the other hand, the ADI method combines implicit and explicit schemes, allowing efficient simulations of separable PDEs. We provide a derivation and implementation of the ADI method for GCR transport, highlighting its computational advantages. Through numerical experiments, we compare the performance of both methods in capturing GCR propagation patterns and evaluate their efficiency. Results indicate that the Crank-Nicholson method excels in accuracy but demands higher computational resources. The ADI method offers computational efficiency while maintaining reasonable accuracy, making it a promising choice for scenarios with separable terms. This study contributes to the advancement of GCR modelling techniques, aiding in space mission planning, radiation protection, and space weather forecasting. The insights gained from this comparative analysis enhance our understanding of GCR behaviour and its implications for space systems, facilitating safer and more effective space exploration endeavours.
Insights into RNA transcriptome sequencing of retinal tissues in hypertensive retinopathy rat model
Authors: Wen Shi , Wang Jun , Li Yue , Xiao Shiyuan , Jiang Wenmin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Hypertensive retinopathy, a complication of systemic hypertension that affects the microvasculature of the retina which result in serious visual disorder. The aim of the present study was to investigate the differentially expressed mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in a rat model of hypertensive retinopathy (spontaneously hypertensive rats, SHR) with or without treatment and to explore their potential roles, involved functions, and signaling pathways.
Results
Our results revealed that the expression levels of mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs were significantly changed in the hypertensive retinopathy models with or without drug therapy. The differentially expressed non-coding RNAs were predicted to target genes contributing to various biological processes and signaling pathways related to hypertensive retinopathy, including immune regulation, wound healing, blood vessel remodeling, and response to external stimuli. Besides, the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network consisting of circRNAs and miRNAs identified potential interactions between ncRNAs and their possible roles in hypertensive retinopathy diagnosis and treatment.
Conclusions
The results of this study shed light on the potential effects of mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs on hypertensive retinopathy pathogenesis and treatment. These molecules could serve as potential biomarkers for early-stage diagnosis or therapeutic targets for hypertensive retinopathy.
The effects of breast density on the benefits of mammograms with adjunctive ultrasonography in breast screening.
Authors: Nakamura Akira , Ohnuki Koji , Takahashi Haruka , Usami Shin , Ishida Yuki , Shibata Setsuko , Umemura Akiko , Takikawa Yuka , Kano Atsushi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective: Various efforts have been made to improve the accuracy of breast cancer screening. This study aimed to report differences in the contribution of ultrasonography to cancer screening assessments of dense and non-dense breasts.
Methods: The participants in this study were 29,640 Japanese women in their 40s who underwent breast cancer screening at the Iwate Cancer Society between 2018 and 2021. This included women who chose mammography alone or mammography with adjunctive ultrasonography (overall assessment). They were classified into two groups according to the breast density in mammography: dense breasts and non-dense breasts. The recall rate, breast cancer detection rate, and positive predictive value of the two screening-type groups were evaluated for each breast density group.
Results: Of the 29,640 women analyzed, 18,861 (63.6%) underwent by mammography alone and 10,779 (36.3%) were by overall assessments. The number of women recalled was higher in the overall assessment group than in the mammography-alone group (2.9% vs. 1.9%, p < 0.01). The proportion of women in whom breast cancer was detected was higher in the overall assessment group than in the mammography-alone group (0.31% [n = 33] vs. 0.15% [n = 28], p < 0.01). For non-dense breasts, there were no significant differences in either the recall rate or the breast cancer detection rate between those who underwent mammography alone and those who underwent overall assessment. Conversely, for dense breasts, the recall rate after mammography alone was lower than that after overall assessment (1.8% vs. 3.8%, p<0.01), and the breast cancer detection rate was higher after overall assessment than after mammography alone (0.40% vs. 0.18%, p<0.01).
Conclusion: We found the benefits of adjunctive ultrasonography with mammography to differ depending on breast density. This could be used to tailor the selection of screening modalities to individuals.
Percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with ultrasound-guided erector spinal muscle plane block in senile osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
Authors: Song xudong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) combined with ultrasound-guided vertical spinal muscle plane block in the treatment of senile osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF).
Methods 60 patients diagnosed with OVCF in our department from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected and divided into control group (n = 30) and observation group (n = 30) by random method. The control group underwent PVP alone, and the observation group used PVP combined with ultrasound-guided erector spinal muscle plane block. Data of visual analog rating scale (VAS), Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI) and spinal mobility before, 3,7 and 14 days after surgery were collected, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 statistical software.
Results Basic condition of both groups and preoperative VAS score (control group7.06 ± 1.31; observation 6.90 ± 1.09), Preoperative ODI (control group38.80 ± 2.96; observation 38.20 ± 3.09), Preoperative range of spinal flexion (control group17.00 ± 8.67; group 17.83 ± 6.52) And preoperative spinal extension range (control group8.50 ± 5.59; observation 7.67 ± 3.41), the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Postoperative VAS score, ODI and spinal mobility improved significantly compared with preoperative patients. VAS scores in the observation group at 3 days and 7 days after surgery (3 days after surgery2.50 ± 1.16; 1.57 ± 1.22 on 7 days after surgery), ODI (3 days after surgery19.43 ± 3.18; 18.03 ± 2.19 on 7 days after surgery) And anterior spinal flexion motion (3 days after surgery23.67 ± 6.91; 34.90 ± 5.72 after 7 days) The improvement was more significant than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in postoperative spinal extension activity in the two groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusion Compared with PVP alone, PVP combined with ultrasound can significantly improve pain and daily living ability in the short term.
Efficacy and Safety of Aflibercept and Ranibizumab in the Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Yang Tiantian , Zhang Jing , Hao Qingfei , Ma Shouhui , Cheng Xiuyong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To compare the efficacy, recurrence rate and recurrence interval of intravitreal injection of aflibercept (IVA) and ranibizumab (IVR) in patients with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). From January 2018 to March 2023, neonates hospitalized in the Department of Neonatology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University who received intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF due to type 1 pre-threshold ROP, or threshold ROP, or aggressive posterior ROP (AP-ROP) were included, and clinical data were collected to record the cure, recurrence, times of injections and possible side effects of ROP. A total of 224 neonates (444 eyes) were enrolled in this study, of which 121 children (241 eyes) received IVA and 103 children (203 eyes) received IVR. The corrected gestational age of the first injection was 37.27 ± 3.07 weeks in the IVA group and 37.20 ± 4.89 weeks in the IVR group, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.582). The recurrence rate was 15.8% in the IVA group and 14.9% in the IVR group, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.841). For relapsed infants, the PMA were 34.89 ± 3.49 weeks in the IVA group and 35.28 ± 4.43 weeks in the IVR group at the first treatment, The PMA were 43.69 ± 4.57 and 40.96 ± 4.98 weeks in the second treatment, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.185). For the children who required the third treatment, there were 2 children in the IVA group, with PMAs of 58.71 and 57.29 weeks at the time of surgery, respectively, and 1 child in the IVR group, with a PMA of 43.14 weeks at the time of injection, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.221). There were no complications recorded in both groups. The efficacy of aflibercept and ranibizumab in treating ROP are similar, and the safety of the medications are good, which provides a new option for ophthalmologists to treat ROP.
Interaction of dietary total antioxidant capacity and less-polluted air on serum total antioxidant capacity
Authors: Mousavian Seyed Hossein , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad , Rahimi Mohammad Hossein , Pouraram Hamed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
The proper nutrition for workers in areas with high air pollution has not been sufficiently investigated. We plan to study the interaction between air pollution and dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) in terms of the balance between oxidative stress biomarkers.
Methods
This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 315 adults aged 25–60 among residents of Assaluyeh City (highly polluted) and Jam City (less polluted). A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to determine participants’ daily intake of dietary macro-and micronutrients. Dietary antioxidants were extracted from the two highly polluted and less polluted groups. After excluding outliers, the interaction between air pollution and DTAC affecting the serum total antioxidant capacity (sTAC) was investigated.
Results
The mean sTAC of workers in the less polluted areas was significantly higher than the mean sTAC of workers in the highly polluted areas. In addition, the mean sTAC among workers who consumed more antioxidants was significantly higher than that of other workers. Moreover, in the less polluted area, by increasing total antioxidant capacity, the serum total antioxidant capacity has also significantly increased. The interaction between air pollution and DTAC on the sTAC was significant (P interaction < 0.05).
Conclusion
The present evidence indicates that interactions between healthy dietary patterns and less polluted areas may be effective in reducing sTAC by consuming healthy food groups and working in less polluted areas.
Carbon supplementation in rearing water: Effect on sediment characteristics, growth and health of cultured marron (Cherax cainii) under laboratory conditions
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy , Foysal Md Javed , Gupta Sanjay Kumar , Tay Alfred , Fotedar Ravi , Gagnon Marthe Monique 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Carbon sources are considered as critical input for the health and immunity of aquatic animals. The present study investigated the impact of different carbon sources on water quality parameters, carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio and microbial community in sediments, and health responses of marron (Cherax cainii) under laboratory conditions. Following one week of acclimation, 120 marron were randomly assigned to 12 experimental tanks. There were four treatments including one untreated control and three groups with carbon addition to maintain a C/N ratio of 12 maintained in culture water. Carbon supplementation groups included corn flour (CBC12), molasses (MBC12) and wheat flour (WBC12). At the end of the 60-day trial, MBC12 resulted in the highest sediment C/N ratio, followed by CBC12. Weight gain and specific growth rate were higher in MBC12, compared to control. The protease activity in marron hepatopancreas, total haemocyte count and lysozyme activity in haemolymph were highest in MBC12. Analysis of 16S rRNA sequence data of tank sediments revealed increased bacterial alpha diversity in MBC12 and WBC12. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in MBC12 (88.6%), followed by control (82.4%) and CBC12 (72.8%). Sphingobium and Novosphingobium were the most abundant genera in control and MBC12 groups, respectively. Higher Aeromonas abundance in CBC12 and Flavobacterium in WBC12 were observed. Overall results indicated that MBC12 led to improved water quality, retaining high C/N ratio and enriched the bacterial populations in sediments resulting in improved growth and immune performance of marron.
Electrocaloric cooling with latent heat transfer enabling high power density
Authors: Bartholomé Kilian , Metzdorf Julius , Corhan Patrick , Bach David , Hirose Sakyo , Lellinger Dirk , Mönch Stefan , Kühnemann Frank , Schäfer-Welsen Olaf 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Electrocalorics (EC) is potentially more efficient than refrigeration and heat pumps based on compressors and does not need detrimental fluids.
Current EC-prototypes use solid-state contact or forced convection with liquids to transfer the heat generated from the EC-material, which inhibits high cycle frequencies and thus limits power density.
Here we present a heatpipe system solution, where the heat transfer is realized through condensation and evaporation of a heat transfer fluid. Our prototype with lead scandium tantalate (PST) EC-material working at 5 Hz shows a specific cooling power of 1.5 W g-1. This is 36 times more than previously reported for ceramic EC-prototypes. Overcoming the limits of slow heat transfer is essential to reach high specific cooling powers enabling a future commercial success of the technology.
Bearing fault feature extraction based on MOMEDA and CS-Wood-Saxon stochastic resonance
Authors: Quan Zhenya , Zhang Xueliang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Nonlinear system and noise intensity are the key factors for fault signal feature extraction by using stochastic resonance, which directly affects the output effect of stochastic resonance.1. Since the bistable stochastic resonance system is limited by frequency interval and system parameters when transmitting the original signal, the Wood-Saxon stochastic resonance nonlinear system is adopted in this paper.2. Since the collected bearing fault original signal contains a large amount of background noise, in order to make better use of noise intensity, the output of stochastic resonance model is more conducive to fault feature extraction. Before the signal is processed, the signal is pre-processed and filtered.To solve the above problems, a Cuckoo Search algorithm(CS) based on Multipoint Optimal Minimum Entroy Deconvolution Adjusted (MOMEDA) is proposed. CS) Fault feature extraction method of adaptive Wood-Saxon stochastic resonance bearing.By means of MOMEDA parameter selection calculation analysis, simulation and examples, it is proved that the proposed method can effectively reduce the noise in the signal and enhance the weak feature, so as to realize the accurate early bearing fault diagnosis.
Structural phylogenetics unravels the evolutionary diversification of communication systems in gram-positive bacteria and their viruses
Authors: Moi David , Bernard Charles , Nevver Yannis , Stenegger Martin , Langleib Mauricio , Dessimoz Christophe 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Recent advances in AI-based protein structure modeling have yielded remarkable progress in predicting protein structures. Since structures are constrained by their biological function, their geometry tends to evolve more slowly than the underlying amino acids sequences. This feature of structures could in principle be used to reconstruct phylogenetic trees over longer evolutionary timescales than sequence-based approaches, but until now a reliable structure-based tree building method has been elusive. Here, we demonstrate that the use of structure-based phylogenies can outperform sequence-based ones not only for distantly related proteins but also, remarkably, for more closely related ones. This is achieved by inferring trees from protein structures using a local structural alphabet, an approach robust to conformational changes that confound traditional structural distance measures. As an illustration, we used structures to decipher the evolutionary diversification of a particularly challenging family: the fast-evolving RRNPPA quorum sensing receptors enabling gram-positive bacteria, plasmids and bacteriophages to communicate and coordinate key behaviors such as sporulation, virulence, antibiotic resistance, conjugation or phage lysis/lysogeny decision. The advent of high-accuracy structural phylogenetics enables myriad of applications across biology, such as uncovering deeper evolutionary relationships, elucidating unknown protein functions, or refining the design of bioengineered molecules.