bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of laser beam process parameters on the bending ability of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheets
Authors: Naqvi Syed Mesum Raza , Haidry Azhar Ali , Xie Deqiao , Ahmad Shahzad , Liu Yang , Chen Ya , Jiao Chen , Jamil Muhammad , Yan Chongjing , Shen Lida 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Laser bending is a flexible technique that requires no external tools for the bending and shaping of metallic components. It utilizes a laser heat source to achieve the desired shapes due to thermally induced stresses inside the metallic sheets. Examining the impact of process variables on the bending angle deformation is very important to achieve the required shapes. This work presents, the numerical and experimental analysis of the bending behaviors of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheets under the constant line energy concept. The numerical simulations for the laser bending method have been developed through Abaqus to examine the transient temperature fields, thermal stress, and strain characteristics. Furthermore, the experimental analysis has been compared with the numerical simulation analysis to observe the consequences of variation in process parameters such as laser powers and scanning speeds on the bending capability. In addition, the influence of process parameters on the surface morphology of the laser-scanned Ti-6Al-4V alloy specimens has been observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The findings show that the bending angle extent is directly related to the simultaneous increment in laser power and scanning velocity. An increase in line energy value shows a significant enhancement in bending angle. The laser-induced heat flux, beam interaction time, and temperature gradient at high laser powers and high scanning speeds are significant factors that are responsible for the extent of bending of sheets. Moreover, melting and thermal oxidation have been observed during the (SEM) analysis at high laser power. The numerical simulation and experimental outcomes are helpful for the selection of optimum process conditions in the laser bending method of Ti-6Al-4V alloy sheets.
Forensic Engineering Technique for Analysis of an Explosion Incident
Authors: Tanapornraweekit Ganchai , Abeysinghe Thimira , Tangtermsirikul Somnuk 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article investigates the validity of current forensic practices to analyze an explosion event. The real explosion incident at Erawan shrine in central Bangkok on August 17, 2015 is selected as a case study. By comparing the structural damage at the blast site to that obtained from FE analyses, an equivalent bare charge weight of TNT used in the incident can be estimated. It is found that an equivalent bare charge TNT weight of 3 kg could possibly be used for the bomb. Furthermore, the cased charge weight can be calculated based on the equivalent weight of bare TNT charge. To confirm the validity of the calculated explosive weight, a combined lethal zone from blast pressure and scattered fragments was analysed. Human damage from blast pressure is analysed based on the Bowen’s lethality curves. Lethality zone from exploded fragments is drawn based on a 50% probability of lethality which considers hit density and kinetic energy of fragment. The analysed lethal zone agrees reasonably well with the actual observed damage level. With the proposed forensic engineering technique, the management and policies for homeland security can be improved for a safer community.
Differentiation granules, a dynamic regulator of T. brucei development.
Authors: Cayla Mathieu , Spanos Christos , Waskett Eliza , Rappsilber Juri , Matthews Keith 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Adaptation to a change of environment is an essential process for survival, in particular for parasitic organisms exposed to a wide range of hosts. Such adaptations include rapid control of gene expression through the formation of membraneless organelles composed of poly-A RNA and proteins. The African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei is exquisitely sensitive to well-defined environmental stimuli that trigger cellular adaptations through differentiation events that characterise its complex life cycle. The parasite has been shown to form stress granules in vitro and it has been proposed that such a stress response could have been repurposed to enable differentiation and facilitate parasite transmission. Therefore, we explored the composition and positional dynamics of membraneless granules formed in response to starvation stress and during differentiation in the mammalian host between the replicative slender and transmission adapted stumpy forms. We find that T. brucei differentiation does not reflect the default response to environmental stress. Instead, the developmental response of the parasites involves a specific and programmed hierarchy of membraneless granule assembly, with distinct components and regulation by protein kinases such as TbDYRK, that are required for the parasite to successfully progress through its life cycle development and prepare for transmission.
Effectiveness of SAC-SMA model to simulate streamflow in the Colombian Andes: results for watersheds with different physical properties and high climate variability
Authors: Alvarez Mariana , Barco Janet 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Andean region of Colombia, characterized by hydrometeorological extreme events and watershed complex topography, give rise to the main rivers of the Colombia fluvial network, essential for agriculture, ecosystems, consumption, and hydropower generation. Therefore, promote hydrology research and direct policy making towards sustainable and integrated water resources management for the Andean region is needed. This study evaluates the spatially lumped Sacramento Soil Moisture Accounting (SAC-SMA) model for 12 Colombian watersheds located in the Andean region with different climate regimes and geomorphological features. The model inputs include rainfall and streamflow data from gauges stations and potential evapotranspiration and land cover satellite-​based data. The model calibration was performed using a Multistep Automatic Calibration Scheme coupled with the Shuffled Complex Evolution optimization algorithm. SAC-SMA Model performance was evaluated with Nash-Sutcliffe, Kling–Gupta efficiency, and Percent Bias. The model shows good performance, exhibiting NSE values > 0.5, KGE > 0.5 and Bias ±18% for the calibration period. Streamflow is underestimated for all watersheds in the calibration period and underestimated as well in the validation in 7/12 watersheds, however, the calibrated model was able to predict the observed outputs with reasonable accuracy. Correlation analysis show an impact of the watershed slope on the factors that control the different types of flows. The model results show the capabilities of SAC-SMA on representing the hydrograph recession and estimation of the baseflow in the study watersheds. This study provides information for land-use planning, agriculture, flood and drought risk management and water resources management in the Andean region.
Health Risk Assessment Due to the Presence of Glyphosate in the Fibers and Super Absorbent Gels of Baby Diapers
Authors: Escalante Andrés Fuentes , Villanueva Luis Antonio García 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
It is estimated that a baby uses around 6,000 disposable diapers before he is toilet trained and has no further need for their use. Even though modern technologies have brought breakthrough advances regarding the health and hygiene of diaper use, infants that use disposable diapers are still subjected to a possible health risk. Throughout the years there has been very limited research conducted regarding the analytical techniques used to determine the chemical composition of baby diapers and whether they present a potential health risk to the infant population using them. In this research project, we are looking deeply into the chemical composition of the fibers and absorbent gels within disposable baby diapers. Long-term exposure of toxic compounds such as glyphosate, PAHs, and PCBs have been proven to possess a carcinogenic effect by studies conducted by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry of the Department of Health and Human Services of the United States. Our objective is to use solvent extraction and analytical techniques such as liquid chromatography to determine the presence of glyphosate found within the fibers and absorbent gels of disposable baby diaper brands commercially sold in Mexico City in order to evaluate a potential risk to human health in a population less than 1 year and a half of age.
Stressful life events in electronic health records: a scoping review
Authors: Scherbakov Dmitry , Mollalo Abolfazl , Lenert Leslie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective. Stressful life events, such as going through divorce, can have an important impact on human health. However, there are challenges in capturing these events in electronic health records (EHR). We conducted a scoping review aimed to answer two major questions: how stressful life events are documented in EHR and how they are utilized in research and clinical care.
Materials and Methods. Three online databases (EBSCOhost platform, PubMed, and Scopus) were searched to identify papers that included information on stressful life events in EHR; paper titles and abstracts were reviewed for relevance by two independent reviewers.
Results. 527 unique papers were retrieved, and of these 60 were eligible for data extraction. Most articles (n=24, 40%) were focused on the statistical association between one or several stressful life events and health outcomes, followed by clinical utility (n=14, 23.3%), extraction of events from free-text notes (n=8, 13.3%), discussing privacy and other issues of storing life events (n=5, 8.3%), and new EHR features related to life events (n=4, 6.7%). The most frequently mentioned stressful life events in the publications were child abuse/neglect, arrest/legal issues, divorce/relationship breakup. Half of the papers (n=7) that analyzed clinical utility were focused on decision support systems for child abuse and neglect, while the other half (n=7) were discussing clinical interventions related to social determinants of health in general.
Discussion and Conclusions. Few studies are available on the prevalence and use of stressful life events in EHR reflecting challenges in screening and storage of stressful life events.
Efficient and Secure Optimized Homomorphic Encryption (OHE) Securing Sensitive Images Data in the Age of Cloud Computing
Authors: Dewangan Revati Raman , Soni Sunita , Misal Ashish 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The goal of the project is to create a cutting-edge picture encryption technique that can be used to significantly boost the security of encrypted photographs. Since visible electromagnetic spectrum pictures are a difficulty, we provide an ideal homomorphic image encryption method to address the issue. Therefore, in our encryption phase, the numerical intensity value of a pixel from each channel is represented as the average of smaller pixel intensity sub-values. Therefore, each R, G, and B-channel picture is composed of a number of separate photographs. using an encryption key and aOptimized Homomorphic Encryption method, intensity of every pixel sub-value in every component picture is individually encrypted to provide a distributed picture encryption solution. Before being moved or stored, each encrypted component picture may be compressed. Before beginning the decryption process, each encrypted component picture is first, if required, decompressed. The homomorphic characteristic of the encryption technique is then used to encrypt the total of each encrypted component image's individually encrypted pixel intensity sub-values. To optimise the embedding rate of additional data during the encryption phase, six surrounding pixels are combined as a set, creating a novel method. Then, each channel image's original pixel intensities are restored, and extraneous data is removed from the total data. The intensity value for each channel's pixel in this kind of RGB image encryption and decryption, which is likewise created and simulated using software, is represented as the sum of merely two sub-values. The produced cypher pictures are subjected to several security evaluations and tests. The outcomes of these experiments showed the stability and resilience of the homomorphic picture encryption method we proposed, which also improved the security of the connected encrypted photos. Photos that utilise our homomorphic image encryption technique and are incredibly safe.
The impact specifications have on efficiency scores in SFA and DEA models: The case of District Courts in Norway
Authors: Engebretsen Lars Skage , NA  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
When measuring efficiency, the assumption made about production technology and the accuracy of the efficiency scores are of great importance. The comparison between SFA and DEA has become increasingly popular among authors. The empirical implication model specifications have on the potential for efficiency among the Norwegian District Courts is less studied. This paper examines what implications assumption made about production technology have on efficiency scores. We find that model specification is of great significance for the results of efficiency potential among District Courts in Norway. Different model specifications is tested using parametric Stochastic Front Analysis (SFA)), non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Free Disposable Hull (FDH). The mean efficiency potential varies as much as 19 percent points between the most extreme models tested. We find that DEA-models in general return lower efficiency scores, indicating a bigger efficiency potential compare with SFA-models. As expected the FDH-model show less potential of efficiency. Efficiency comparisons across models are based on cross sectional data on 61 district courts in Norway from 2018. Regulators or performance auditors often favour models with large production technology possibilities e.g. constant returns to scale. Under the property of constant returns to scale we find that DEA models are more likely to overestimates the efficiency potential compare to SFA models, also when corrected for bias. To be empirical relevant for policy makers one should include a variety of different advanced benchmarking models. As stakeholders will have different preferences for technology, a one-dimensional approach (either SFA or DEA) is not enough to make an empirical fundament for policy making to improve performance in the public sector.
Forecasting the relative abundance of Aedes vector populations to enhance situational
awareness for mosquito control operations
Authors: Ventura Paulo C. , Kummer Allisandra G. , Wilke André B.B. , Chitturi Jagadeesh , Hill Megan D. , Vasquez Chalmers , Unlu Isik , Kluh Susanne , Vetrone Steven , Damian Dan , Townsend John , Litvinova Maria , Ajelli Marco 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aedes-borne diseases represent a major public health threat and mosquito control operations represent a key line of defense. Improving the real-time awareness of mosquito control authorities by providing reliable forecasts of the relative abundance of mosquito vectors could greatly enhance control efforts. To this aim, we developed an analytical tool that forecasts Aedes aegypti relative abundance 1 to 4 weeks ahead. Forecasts were validated against mosquito surveillance data (2,760 data points) collected over multiple years in four jurisdictions in the US. Our forecasts were consistently accurate and precise for all analyzed study sites, forecasting horizon, and for periods with medium/high Ae. Aegypti activity. 97.1% within the same order of magnitude as the empirical observations, the symmetric absolute percentage error was in the range 37%-65%, the 90% interquantile range of the forecasts had a coverage of 77-82%. The developed tool can be instrumental to address the need for evidence-based decision making.
Altered functional brain connectivity, efficiency, and information flow associated with brain fog after mild to moderate COVID-19 infection
Authors: Kesler Shelli R. , Rocha Oscar Y. Franco , Schutz Alexa De La Torre , Lewis Kimberly A. , Aziz Rija M. , Henneghan Ashley M. , Melamed Esther , Brode Michael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
COVID-19 is associated with increased risk for cognitive decline but very little is known regarding the neural mechanisms of this risk. We enrolled 49 adults (55% female, mean age = 30.7 +/- 8.7), 25 with and 24 without a history of COVID-19 infection. We administered standardized tests of cognitive function and acquired brain connectivity data using MRI. The COVID-19 group demonstrated significantly lower cognitive function (W = 475, p < 0.001, effect size r = 0.58) and lower functional connectivity in multiple brain regions (mean t = 3.47 +/- 0.36, p = 0.03, corrected, effect size d = 0.92 to 1.5). Hypo-connectivity of these regions was inversely correlated with subjective cognitive function and directly correlated with fatigue (p < 0.05, corrected). These regions demonstrated significantly reduced local efficiency (p < 0.026, corrected) and altered effective connectivity (p < 0.001, corrected). COVID-19 may have a widespread effect on the functional connectome characterized by lower functional connectivity and altered patterns of information processing efficiency and effective information flow. This may serve as an adaptation to the pathology of SARS-CoV-2 wherein the brain can continue functioning at near expected objective levels, but patients experience lowered efficiency as brain fog.
Digitalität meets Inklusion: Vorstellung eines Selbstlernangebots für die Aus- und Fortbildung von Lehrkräften
Authors: Bierschwale Christoph , Vogt Michaela , Kamin Anna-Maria , Mertens Claudia , Bruns Saskia , Schaper Franziska , Bremer Katja 
Published: October 2023

Eine zeitgemäße Lehrkräftebildung sollte die Verschränkung von „Inklusion“ und „Digitalität“ als ein zentrales Element der Aus- und Fortbildung begreifen. Es gilt, (angehende) Lehrkräfte für die Potenziale digitaler Medien zur Sicherung einer umfänglichen Teilhabe aller Schüler:innen zu sensibilisieren. Der Online-Lehrgang Digitalität meets Inklusion greift diesen Bedarf auf, indem er für (angehende) Lehrkräfte Materialien zur Umsetzung einer inklusiven Schule in einer digital geprägten Welt bereitstellt. Neben der Auseinandersetzung mit grundlegenden Verständ­nissen von Digitalität und Inklusion (Grundlagenmodul), können (angehende) Lehrkräfte zu verschiedenen Ausbildungszeitpunkten durch fünf thematische Module die assistive Funktion von Medien, Ansprüche an eine Inklusive Medienbildung sowie methodisch-didaktische Ansprüche an einen inklusiven Unterricht mit Medien kennenlernen. Sie lernen, Bildungs­materialien kriteriengeleitet auszuwählen und können dank vielfältiger Good Practice-Beispiele Anregungen für den eigenen Unterricht bekommen. Bei der Konzeption der Selbstlerneinheit wurde auf eine möglichst zugängliche und lernförderliche Gestaltung sowie die Bereitstellung des Angebots als Open Educational Ressource (OER, freies Bildungsmaterial) geachtet. Der Beitrag beschreibt die grundlegenden methodisch-didaktischen Gestaltungsprinzipien, den Aufbau und den Inhalt des Selbstlernkurses und diskutiert vor diesem Hintergrund Potenziale und Herausforderungen eines solchen Angebots.

Abstract
In teacher training today, the interweaving of the requirements of inclusion and digitization should be a central element of initial and in-service training to sensitize (prospective) teachers to the potential of digital media for the participation of all students. The online course “Inclusion goes Digital” addresses this need by teaching (prospective) teachers how inclusion can be fostered at schools in a digitally shaped world and with digital media. In addition to the basic understanding of digitality and inclusion, (prospective) teachers can learn about the assistive function of media and the demands and implementation possibilities of media education as well as inclusive teaching with media by means of a basic module and six thematic modules. They can learn to select educational materials based on criteria and, thanks to a variety of examples, take away suggestions for their own teaching. The self-study course was designed to be as accessible and conducive to the learning process as possible and shall be made available as an Open Educational Resource (OER). The article describes the basic design principles, the structure and the content of the self-study course and discusses the potentials and challenges of such an offer against this background.
Technologies for Treatment of Landfill Leachate: A Brief Review
Authors: Parida Barshabaisalini , Dash Aditya K. , Verma Akshaya K. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Landfill leachate contains organic compounds like amines, ketones, carboxylic
acid, alcohols, aldehydes, phenols, phosphates and inorganic pollutants such as ammonia,
phosphorous, sulphate, emerging contaminants like per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances
(PFAS) and also the toxic heavy metals like Mn, Cd, Pb, Fe, Ni, Zn and As. In young landfill
leachate, the concentration of volatile acid and simply degraded organic matter is high
while pH is low. However, in mature landfills, there is more leachate production with high
pH. The age of landfill and determination of parameters like BOD, COD, COD/BOD ratio
are important to know the appropriate treatment methods. Physicochemical, biological and
combined methods are the most reported landfill leachate treatment methods. Advanced
oxidation process, adsorption, coagulation-flocculation, bioremediation, phytoremediation,
bioreactor, membrane process and air striping are some of the common categories of effective
treatment of landfill leachate. For better apprehension, it has been reviewed that treatment
efficiencies of different kinds of leachate depend on their composition and method
adopted. Studies related to the removal of organic matter and heavy metals are predominant
which reported excellent removal efficiency ranging from 80-100%. In addition,
physical parameters like color and turbidity can also be removed effectively using appropriate
treatment methods. The present article deals with a concise review of existing literature
on sustainable landfill leachate treatment technologies which include physical, chemical,
biological and combined techniques.
Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Nanoparticles Using Plant Extract of Mentha piperita Leaves, Anethum graveolens L., and Calotropis procera
Authors: Joshi Surbhi , Mithawala Ibrahim , Savaliya Yash , Patil Rohit 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Synthesis of copper nanoparticles needs to be carried out with the use of environmentally safer alternatives. Plant-mediated nano-fabrication is a new area of nanotechnology that is favoured over traditional methods due to its effectiveness with respect to safety, affordability, environmental friendliness, and biocompatibility. Synthesis of copper nanoparticles using natural sources is the demand of this era.

Methods:
In the present study, the synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) was carried out us-ing three different plant extracts, i.e., Mentha piperita, Anethum graveolens L., and Calotropis procera. This synthesis was carried out in different conditions and the visual colour change in the solution confirmed the presence of copper nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were also character-ized with UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Conclusion:
In comparison to the synthetic route, the current work represents a cost-effective and sustainable way for the synthesis of nanoparticles.