bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic Insights Into College-Going Students in India: A Morphological Analysis
Authors: Kabir Md. Shahariar , Yadav Sunita , Prasad Triloki , Biswas Subhashis 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: In the context of India's diverse culture and changing education system, it is crucial to understand the morphological characteristics of college students, especially with the government actively supporting sports through initiatives like the "Khelo India" program to aid young athletes. The purpose of the study was to investigate the morphological characteristics of college-level athletes and non-athletes in India. Methods: 287 college students have been randomly selected to acquire a comprehensive set of demographic and anthropometric data. Results: The study revealed significant differences in body mass index (p=0.004), endomorphy (p=0.001), ectomorphy (p=0.02), and body fat percentage (p=0.001). However, no significant difference in mesomorphy (p=0.09) was identified, and only minimal differences in fat-free mass (p=0.57) were observed. College-level athletes exhibit an ectomorphic-mesomorphic physique (2.9-3.9-3.0), characterized by a distinct blend of muscularity and leanness. Non-athletes are mesomorphic-endomorphs (5.0-4.3-2.4), exhibiting higher body fat content and muscularity. Athletes had a significantly lower body fat percentage, highlighting the positive influence of sports training and regular physical exercise on reducing adiposity. The analysis of percentile rankings provides comprehensive insights into the distribution of anthropometric metrics among athletes and non-athletes, assisting in customizing training regimens, identifying areas for potential improvement, and enhancing a comprehensive assessment of individuals' physical characteristics. Conclusion: The study sheds light on the crucial role of morphological traits in discerning differences between college-level athletes and non-athletes within the broader context of the "Fit India Movement." The study will help design an effective training module to improve the overall health of college students.
Green-wavelength GaN-based photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers
Authors: Taguchi Natsuo , Iwai Akinori , Noguchi Masahiro , Takahashi Hiroaki , Michiue Atsuo , De Zoysa Menaka , Inoue Takuya , Ishizaki Kenji , Noda Susumu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Visible-wavelength GaN-based photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs) have attracted attention for various applications, such as materials processing, high-brightness illuminations, and displays. In this letter, we demonstrate GaN-based PCSELs at green wavelengths. We formed a photonic crystal (PC) in p-GaN and filled holes of the PC with SiO2 to ensure device stability. Through a current injection test under pulsed conditions and spectral analysis, we confirmed that the fabricated device possessed Γ-point single-mode oscillation at wavelengths above 505 nm. Our results have the potential to further expand the applications of PCSELs and semiconductor lasers in visible region.
Uji aktivitas antibakteri fraksi n-heksan dan etil asetat daun kenanga (Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. F. & Thomson) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Sepriani Ananda , Nasution Haris Munandar , Mambang D. Elysa Putri , Rahayu Yayuk Putri 
Published: January 2024

Kehidupan manusia selalu berdampingan dengan berbagai jenis-jenis mikroba. Salah satunya daun kenaga (Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. F. & Thomson) yang merupakan salah satu tanaman yang bias digunakan sebagai obat tradisional salah satu dapat digunakan untuk obat gatal-gatal pada kulit manusia dan dapat menghambat bakteri salah satu bakteri Stapylococcus epidermidis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung dalam daun kenanga (Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. F. & Thomson), dan uji aktivitas antibakteri dari fraksi n-heksan dan etil asetat daun kenanga (Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. F. & Thomson). Metode penelitian ini meliputi karakterisasi simplisia, skrining fitokimia dilakukan terhadap serbuk simplisia dan ekstrak etanol 96%. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%, kemudian fraksinansi cair-cair dengan pelarut n-heksan dan etilasetat. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan mengukur diameter zona hambat menggunakan metode diifusi agar. Hasil pemeriksaan karakteristik serbuk simplisia daun kenanga (Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. F. & Thomson) diperoleh kadar air 7,33%, kadar sari larut dalam air 26,48%, kadar sari larut dalam etanol 20,89%, kadar abu total 3,52%, dan kadar abu tidak larut dalam asam 0,18%. Hasil skrining fitokimia diperoleh adanya senyawa golongan alkaloid, flavonoid, saponon, glikosida, tannin, steroid. Hasil uji aktivitas pada fraksi n-heksan, etilasetat dan ekstrak etanol mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri. Pada fraksi n-heksan memberikan hasil yang kuat terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis pada konsentrasi 70 mg/ml diameter zona hambat 12,37 mm. Fraksi etilasetat kuat terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis pada konsentrasi 70 mg/ml diameter zona hambat 12,98 mm.
The Structure and Morphology of Galaxies during the Epoch of Reionization Revealed by JWST
Authors: Sun 孙 Wen 文 , Ho Luis C. , Zhuang 庄 Ming-Yang 明阳 , Ma 马 Chao 超 , Chen 陈 Changhao 昌灏 , Li 李 Ruancun 阮存 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We analyze 347 galaxies at redshift 4 < z < 9.5 using JWST observations from the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science (CEERS) program by simultaneously fitting a two-dimensional parametric model to the seven-filter Near Infrared Camera images to measure the overall structural parameters and quantify the global properties of the galaxies in the rest-frame optical band. Particular attention is devoted to deriving robust uncertainties that include, among other factors, the influence of cosmological surface brightness dimming and resolution effects. Using the global Sérsic index (n < 1.5) and observed axial ratio (q < 0.6) as a guide, we place a conservative lower limit of ∼45% on the incidence of galactic disks. Galaxies follow a relation between the rest-frame optical luminosity and effective radius in the redshift range 4 < z < 9.5, as well as separately over the intervals 4 < z < 5 and 5 ≤ z < 9.5, with a very similar slope but a marginally lower zero-point in the higher-redshift bin (R

e
= 0.69 ± 0.05 kpc) compared to the lower-redshift bin (R

e
= 0.91 ± 0.04 kpc). Within the limitations of the current sample size, we find no significant redshift evolution of n or R

e
at these early epochs.
Subsistance ou projet d’autonomie ?
Authors: Bulle Sylvaine 
Published: January 2024

La terre peut-elle être l’enjeu d’une lutte politique pour le passage à un nouveau régime de propriété fondée sur les communs ? Prenant appui sur l’expérience de la zone à défendre de Notre Dame des Landes, Sylvaine Bulle s’interroge sur la pertinence d’un retour à une forme originelle, écologique et anticapitaliste, de la vie et de l’activité de ses occupants. Autour du commun, se pose la question des fondements et de l’identité d’une « communauté politique » à partir d’une hétérogénéité de points de vue et de positions de ses membres. Comment concilier autonomie et égalité, auto-subsistance et recours au marché, travail et productivité ? Pour l’autrice, ces tensions ne pourront être surmontées sans liens de réciprocité entre ses membres et sans la création d’institutions sociales, garantes d’une ouverture au monde. Reste à savoir si le « sujet » de cette dynamique, fut-elle auto-instituée, est individuel ou collectif.
Les luttes pour la terre en Bolivie
Authors: Py Ana-Luna 
Published: January 2024

Tout au long de l’histoire, la Bolivie a connu différentes luttes pour la terre menées par les populations autochtones pour faire face aux exploitations successives de la classe sociale dominante envers les populations indigènes et leur vision de la nature : de l’époque coloniale, source d’inégalités et d’extractivisme, à la redistribution des terres dans les années 2000, en passant par la Révolution Agraire (1952), le mouvement des producteurs de coca (1980) et la privatisation des ressources naturelles (1990). Cet article vise à raconter une partie de l’histoire qui est souvent oubliée par la population bolivienne en partant du point de vue des populations indigènes qui ont lutté pour protéger leurs terres. Les luttes pour la terre en Bolivie permettent la compréhension du concept du « Buen Vivir », répandu aujourd’hui dans les pays andins et évoqué par de nombreux penseurs du monde entier. D’origine bolivienne et architecte de formation, Ana-Luna Py mène actuellement des recherches de terrain sur les luttes des populations autochtones et l’émergence de nouvelles formes d’auto-organisation dans les Andes boliviennes.
Les Rencontres de Die
Authors: Association Écologie au Quotidien  
Published: January 2024

L'association Écologie au Quotidien œuvre depuis 2003 dans le Diois, une région naturelle et historique de France située dans le département de la Drôme. Ses actions visent à développer la prise de conscience de la nécessité de modifier nos modes de vie et nos comportements pour éviter une catastrophe écologique majeure au niveau mondial. Depuis la création de l’association, les Rencontres de Die sont un temps fort de son travail ayant pour objet de sensibiliser sur l'impact de nos modes de vie et comportements sur l'environnement, la santé et la société ; de proposer des alternatives à la portée de chacun à travers conférences, ateliers, films, débats, visites… ; et d'impulser des initiatives, des projets, des actions concrètes individuelles et collectives. Les 22e Rencontres de Die et de la Biovallée, sur le thème « Agir pour le vivant », auront lieu du jeudi 25 au dimanche 28 janvier 2024 en Drôme dans la Biovallée 1 .
Accès aux soins d’une population d’anciens travailleurs immigrés vivant en foyer
Authors: Bettayeb Leila , Jaffré Yannick , Chiaroni Jacques , Ennomany Yassine , Villani Patrick , Couderc Anne-Laure 
Published: January 2024

Les Chibanis – “cheveux blancs” en arabe dialectal – désignent les anciens travailleurs immigrés arrivés en France dans les années 1970 pour exercer un emploi. Ils vivent encore pour la plupart au sein de foyers construits pour des hommes seuls exerçant une profession et non pour accueillir des hommes en situation de vieillissement. Notre travail anthropologique s’est organisé autour d’une population de Chibanis, vivant dans un foyer dans le 15 e arrondissement de Marseille. Les objectifs étaient de mieux connaître cette population d’un point de vue médico-socio-culturel, de connaître les modalités de leur accès aux soins et enfin de connaître leur adhésion aux actions de prévention d’une association. 67 Chibanis ≥65 ans ont été inclus, avec une médiane de l’âge de 77 ans : 91 % déclaraient avoir un médecin traitant, 86,6 % avaient plus de 2 maladies chroniques. Plus de la moitié des Chibanis souffraient de problèmes dentaires et près de 20 % présentaient des problèmes ophtalmologiques. Seuls 32,8 % des Chibanis inclus ont accepté de réaliser un suivi par les infirmiers. La population des Chibanis, isolée géographiquement de leur famille, économiquement précaire et avec une couverture médico-sociale souvent insuffisante, doit « gérer » ses pathologies chroniques, et des problèmes de santé notamment dentaires et ophtalmiques couteux. L’amélioration de leurs parcours de santé nécessite de mieux comprendre leurs spécificités et les divers facteurs qui peuvent entraver les actions de prévention.
CORRELATION OF POINCARE PLOT DERIVED STRESS SCORE AND HEART RATE VARIABILITY PARAMETERS IN THE ASSESSMENT OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Aggarwal Yogender , Nigam Vinod Kumar , Sinha Rakesh Kumar 
Published: January 2024

Atherosclerosis-generated coronary artery disease (CAD) causes the anomaly of autonomic activity. The assessment of autonomic balance under disease conditions is of clinical interest. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the CAD using Poincare-derived stress score (SS) and sympathetic/sympathetic-parasympathetic (S/PS). A total of 60 male (50–55 years) volunteers including CAD ([Formula: see text]=30) and control ([Formula: see text]=30) participated in this work. Digital lead-II electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded for 10 min in a supine position and filtered to remove noises. A total of 10 tachogram samples were computed from each subject for a 5 min ECG signal duration with a shift of 30 s on the processed signal using Acqknowledge 4.0 (Biopac Systems Inc., USA). The heart rate variability (HRV) parameters were computed from the obtained tachogram. The computed Poincare plot parameters were used to derive the SS and S/PS ratios. The regression model was employed to observe the correlation of SS and S/PS to the HRV parameters. The obtained results revealed reduced HRV with higher sympathetic and reduced parasympathetic activity under CAD than the control subjects. The autonomic dysfunction was observed with significantly higher values of SS and S/PS in CAD than in the control subjects. The S/PS was observed to be positively associated with LF/HF and SD2/SD1 parameters. While SS was found to be positively correlated to the LF and LF/HF parameters in CAD and control subjects. The obtained linear strong correlation of SS and S/PS with control and CAD subjects suggested the use of SS and S/PS as excellent sympathetic activity and sympathovagal balance markers.
A multilevel analysis of individual, household and community level predictors of child diarrhea in Eswatini
Authors: Simelane Maswati , Vermaak Kerry 
Published: January 2024

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of individual, household and community level factors on child diarrhea. The study used a pooled secondary data analysis approach from the 2010 and 2014 Eswatini Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS). Multilevel logistic regression was used for data analysis. Compared to children aged under 6 months, the odds of having diarrhea were higher for children aged 6-11 months, adjusted odds ratio, AOR 5.34(95% Confidence interval):2.39-11.90) and 12-23 months AOR. 3.90 (1.76-8.64). Reduced odds of diarrhea were observed among children with a normal height for age (AOR0.09(0.01-0.93) and above normal height for age (AOR: 0.07 (0.01-0.85) compared to those with a growth deficit. Children from households with no toilet facility at all had 283% increased risk of having diarrhea compared to those with flush toilets. Regionally, the risk was higher in the Hhohho region (AOR2.59 (1.08-2.65), reference: Lubombo region. Higher odds were observed among communities with a higher and medium proportion of diarrhea AOR9.77(4.59-20.80), AOR 3.60 (2.26-6.20) respectively, compared to communities with a low proportion of diarrhea
Assessment of Midline Shift in Postdecompressive Craniectomy Patients in Neurocritical Care
Authors: Maramattom Boby V. , Abraham Mathew , Sundararajan Ananthram 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Monitoring and evaluation of intracranial structures remain a fundamental element in the neurointensive care unit. Most used technique to monitor progression is the use of computed tomography (CT) in intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) or stroke. Rapid assessment of brain pathology can be made using CT to analyze the midline shift (MLS), hematoma expansion, and ventricular size, but transferring a patient who is intubated is time and resource-consuming task. Ultrasonography is a noninvasive technique, portable, and has the possibility of fast interpretation.

Aims and Objectives:
To measure the brain MLS in decompressive craniectomy patients using transcranial ultrasonography (TCS) and compare the correlation of these results with CT scan measurements of MLS in the same patient.

Materials and Methods:
Patients who have undergone decompressive craniectomy due to various reasons like ICH, traumatic brain injury, etc., and have a MLS. Trans cranial ultrasonography was assessed by a single consultant (Neuro Critical Care Intensivist) who was blinded for the CT scan measurement. CT scan measurement of MLS was assessed by a neuroradiologist using standard guidelines, who was blinded for the TCS results of MLS. The finding of a MLS >0.5 cm in the CT scan was considered a significant MLS.

Results:
A total of 31 patients were recruited for the study. MLS measured using CT was 0.91 ± 0.67 cm. MLS via TCS was 0.91 ± 0.66 cm. A significant MLS via TCS was found in 77.4%. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated between CT-MLS and TCS MLS and obtained the value of ICC as 0.996, indicating an almost perfect agreement.

Conclusion:
Patients after decompressive craniectomy may present as an ideal candidate to visualize intracerebral anatomy with a high resolution. TCS might be considered as an alternative to CT to measure MLS in decompressive craniectomy patients.
Measurement of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (Ngal) Following Neuroradiological Procedure/s in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Kaushal Ashutosh , Chouhan Rajendra S , Bindra Ashish , Gaikwad Shailesh , Subbiah Vivekanandhan 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Radiocontrast administration during interventional neuroradiology (INR) procedures for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) can add to renal insult. Serum creatinine (sCr) is a conventional marker of acute kidney injury (AKI). Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (sNGAL) is a novel marker which is increasingly used to predict renal injury in susceptible patients.

Objectives:
The primary aim of this study was to evaluate correlation between serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and sCr in aSAH patients undergoing therapeutic or diagnostic INR procedures. The secondary aim was to find the incidence of contrast-induced AKI and hemodynamic complications during the study period.

Material and Methods:
All consenting aSAH patients (18–60 years, Modified Hunt and Hess grade 1–4) posted for INR procedures during the study time were included. Patients with history of chronic renal disease, recent contrast exposure, or renal insufficiency were excluded. Blood samples for sCr and sNGAL were obtained preprocedure and then at 1, 6, 24, and 48 h after contrast administration. Hourly urine output was noted. AKI was defined by KDIGO guidelines.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Repeated measurement analysis of variance, Posthoc Bonferroni test and Pearson correlation coefficient test.

Results:
Fifty patients, mean age 47.34 ± 9.31 years, were enrolled for the study. Majority (48; 96%) were Hunt and Hess (H and H) grade I–III. The mean volume of contrast administered was 123.2 ± 53.08 mL. The mean sNGAL and sCr values at pre-op, 1, 6, 24, and 48 h were 124.99 ± 64.58, 148.40 ± 77.90, 147.33 ± 76.00, 125.49 ± 64.44, and 116.38 ± 61.79 ng/mL and 0.629 ± 0.23, 0.624 ± 0.22, 0.612 ± 0.21, 0.632 ± 0.19, and 0.577 ± 0.22 mg/dL, respectively. There was a correlation in sCr and sNGAL value (P < 0.001) at all study time points. However, no specific pattern was seen. No patient developed any AKI or hemodynamic complications in first 48 h.

Conclusions:
There is a correlation between serum NGAL and sCr at individual time points. NGAL may represent a sensitive early biomarker of renal impairment after INR Procedures. There was no incidence of AKI after contrast administration in aSAH patients without predisposing renal risk factors.
Glutathione gel-encapsulated niosomal delivery system versus glutathione gel only in treatment of melasma: a comparative study
Authors: Abdel-Azim Eman S. , Aly Usama F. , Dakhly Heba O. , Montaser Mahmoud H.A. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Glutathione is an antioxidant agent used in the treatment of melasma. However, niosome is a drug delivery enhancer used in other skin diseases to increase the absorption of any active ingredient.

Objective
To assess the efficacy of niosome with topical glutathione gel 2% in the treatment of melasma versus topical glutathione gel 2% alone.

Patients and methods
In this comparative study, 19 patients complaining of melasma were divided into two groups. Group 1 was treated with glutathione gel 2% only, while group 2 was treated with glutathione gel 2% encapsulated in niosome. The split face method was used where right side of face for treatment and left side for placebo. Patients were photographed and examined clinically by Wood’s light and dermoscopy. All patients were evaluated clinically using a modified Hemi-Melasma Area and Severity Index (HEMI-MASI) score with the calculation of the reduction percentage and grading of the improvement. Moreover, histopathological examination was done before and after treatment.

Results
In Glutathione treated right side, hemi-MASI score after treatment was decreased with no significant difference when compared with base line; while in Glutathione gel with niosome treated right side; hemi-MASI score was significantly decreased. There was a high significant difference in reduction percentage of hemi-MASI score of both right sides of face of the two groups. No side effects were reported by patients of both groups. After treatment, both H and E and FM sections showed a decrease in basal hyperpigmentation in the case of epidermal melasma and a decrease in dermal melanophages in mixed melasma in both groups.

Conclusion
Topical glutathione gel alone without niosome is a weak melasma treatment. Niosome enhances glutathione gel absorption and efficacy without any side effects.
Intestinal fatty acid bind protein as a biomarker for vitiligo
Authors: Shaker Olfat G. , El-Tahlawi Samar M. , Fawzy Mina A. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentary disorder characterized by destruction of melanocytes. The activity of vitiligo influences the clinical outcome and alters the choice of treatment modality. Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), also called FABP-2, is solely expressed in intestinal enterocytes of mammals.

Objective
To evaluate the serum and tissue levels of I-FABP in vitiligo patients and its relation to healthy controls.

Patients and methods
The present study is a case-control study that was carried out on 44 subjects subdivided into two equal groups, vitiligo, and matched controls. The clinical study was done as well and I-FABP levels in both serum and tissue were measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results
There were significant elevations in I-FABP levels in both serum with a median of 7.16 and 5.29 (P=0.011) and in tissue with a median of 707.3 and 274.9 (P=0.014) for vitiligo patients in comparison with controls, respectively. Positive correlation between I-FABP levels in serum and in tissue was detected (r=0.488, P=0.021). Sensitivity for diagnosis vitiligo for serum and tissue I-FABP were 77.3 and 86.36%, respectively and specificity were 54.5 and 95.5%, respectively.

Conclusion
I-FABP can play a vital role in vitiligo and may be a marker that helps in early diagnosis of vitiligo, but it does not appear to be useful for determining vitiligo activity, severity.