bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexural strength of a polymethylmethacrylate resin produced by computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing system after repeated usage of tungsten carbide burs and thermocycling
Authors: Oyar P. , Ulusoy M. , Durkan R. , Ulusoy N. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine how new and used burs affected the flexural strength of a polymethylmethacrylate resin produced by computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing system following thermocycling. A total of 40 rectangular‐shaped specimens (14 mm×4 mm×1.2 mm) for flexural strength test were fabricated from one brand of a polymethylmethacrylate resin produced by computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing system. Half of the specimens (Group N) were milled using the new tungsten carbide bur set, while the other half (Group U) was milled using the used (250 machining time) tungsten carbide bur set. The specimens were subjected to flexural strength test before and after thermocycling. The One way Analysis of Variance and Duncan tests were used for statistical analysis. Group N had the highest mean flexural strength values, while Group NT (specimens milled with the new bur/before thermal cycling) had the lowest mean flexural strength values. New and used burs have an effect on the flexural strength of a polymethylmethacrylate resin specimens produced by computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing system. Thermocycling process have an effect on the flexural strength values of specimens milled with the new tungsten carbide bur.
Digital Mobility Measures: A Window into Real‐World Severity and Progression of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Mirelman Anat , Volkov Jana , Salomon Amit , Gazit Eran , Nieuwboer Alice , Rochester Lynn , Del Din Silvia , Avanzino Laura , Pelosin Elisa , Bloem Bastiaan R. , Della Croce Ugo , Cereatti Andrea , Thaler Avner , Roggen Daniel , Mazza Claudia , Shirvan Julia , Cedarbaum Jesse M. , Giladi Nir , Hausdorff Jeffrey M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundReal‐world monitoring using wearable sensors has enormous potential for assessing disease severity and symptoms among persons with Parkinson's disease (PD). Many distinct features can be extracted, reflecting multiple mobility domains. However, it is unclear which digital measures are related to PD severity and are sensitive to disease progression.ObjectivesThe aim was to identify real‐world mobility measures that reflect PD severity and show discriminant ability and sensitivity to disease progression, compared to the Movement Disorder Society‐Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS‐UPDRS) scale.MethodsMulticenter real‐world continuous (24/7) digital mobility data from 587 persons with PD and 68 matched healthy controls were collected using an accelerometer adhered to the lower back. Machine learning feature selection and regression algorithms evaluated associations of the digital measures using the MDS‐UPDRS (I–III). Binary logistic regression assessed discriminatory value using controls, and longitudinal observational data from a subgroup (n = 33) evaluated sensitivity to change over time.ResultsDigital measures were only moderately correlated with the MDS‐UPDRS (part II‐r = 0.60 and parts I and III‐r = 0.50). Most associated measures reflected activity quantity and distribution patterns. A model with 14 digital measures accurately distinguished recently diagnosed persons with PD from healthy controls (81.1%, area under the curve: 0.87); digital measures showed larger effect sizes (Cohen's d: [0.19–0.66]), for change over time than any of the MDS‐UPDRS parts (Cohen's d: [0.04–0.12]).ConclusionsReal‐world mobility measures are moderately associated with clinical assessments, suggesting that they capture different aspects of motor capacity and function. Digital mobility measures are sensitive to early‐stage disease and to disease progression, to a larger degree than conventional clinical assessments, demonstrating their utility, primarily for clinical trials but ultimately also for clinical care. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Adaptive peak extraction algorithm assisted fiber cavity ring‐down spectroscopy measurement system for refractive index sensing
Authors: Li Hui , Zhang Qiang , Wang Rui , Liu Kun , Chen Yujun , Wang Puting , Yu Benli , Sheng Zhou 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe article presents a dual‐optimized adaptive algorithm based on continuous wavelet transform and derivative precise peak capture is developed for fiber cavity ring‐down spectroscopy. Adaptive spectral signal processing is achieved so that peak selection blindness can be effectively solved. To verify the performance of the dual‐optimized adaptive algorithm, a highly sensitive refractive index sensor using a bandgap fiber‐based linear fiber cavity is demonstrated. The developed dual‐optimized adaptive algorithm is compared with the conventional maximum extraction algorithm, and the results show that the dual‐optimized adaptive algorithm has a better performance in suppressing noise and processing superimposed peaks. A stable enhancement factor of 5 is obtained, indicating that the newly developed dual‐optimized adaptive algorithm can generate a high‐quality cavity ring‐down spectrum for applications including refractive index sensors, biosensors, strain gauges, and pressure sensors.
Multigas nonresonant photoacoustic spectroscopy sensor based on a broadband radiation source
Authors: Peng Jie , Wang Ruifeng , Cao Yuan , Mei Jiaoxu , Wang Guishi , Liu Kun , Gao Xiaoming , Cheng Gang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMultigas detection is in demand for a wide range of environmental and industrial applications. In this work, a sensitive and selective multigas photoacoustic spectroscopy (MG‐PAS) sensor was developed by employing a nonresonant photoacoustic spectroscopy technique combining a broadband radiation source. Six gases including CO, CO2, CH4, C2H2, C2H4, and C2H6 were selected as target measurement molecules. Selectivity of the MG‐PAS was realized by using six mid‐infrared narrow‐band filters which integrated in a homemade filter wheel. A minimum concentration detection limits of 0.2 ppm for CO, 0.05 ppm for CO2, 0.12 ppm for CH4, 0.1 ppm for C2H2, 0.81 ppm for C2H4, and 0.05 ppm for C2H6 were obtained, respectively, with a 1‐s integration time. Measurements of six gas mixtures showed that the average measurement error of the MG‐PAS sensor was within 2%.
Different neural mechanisms for nonsalient trained stimuli and physically salient stimuli in visual processing
Authors: Wang Zile , Zhang Qi , Hao Yuxiang , Xu Shuangxing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that nonsalient trained stimuli could capture attention and would be actively suppressed when served as distractors. However, it was unclear whether nonsalient trained stimuli and physically salient stimuli operate through the same attentional neural mechanism. In the current study, we investigated this question by recording event‐related potentials (ERPs) of searching for the two stimuli separately after matching the difficulty. The present results provided additional evidence for the function of the suppression in that it may terminate a shift of attention. For the N1 component, the nonsalient trained stimuli had a shorter latency and larger amplitude than the physically salient stimuli whether presented as targets or distractors. It indicated that the nonsalient trained stimuli had an earlier sensory processing and greater visual attention orienting. The N2 posterior‐contralateral (N2pc) amplitude of the physically salient target was larger than the nonsalient trained target. This suggested that physically salient stimuli had a stronger ability to capture attention. However, when they presented as distractors, only the nonsalient trained stimuli could elicit the PD component. Therefore, active suppression of the physically salient stimuli was more difficult than the nonsalient trained stimulus with the same difficulty. For the P3 component, the amplitude of the physically salient stimuli was larger than that of the nonsalient trained stimuli, both as targets and distractors, which indicated that the top‐down controlled process of outcome evaluation for the salient triangle was stronger. Overall, these results suggested that they were processed via different neural mechanisms in the early sensory processing, attentional selection, active suppression, and the outcome‐evaluation process.
Affectivity and satisfaction in the relationship of Pakistani couples is mediated by dyadic coping‐based gratitude
Authors: Shujja Sultan , Adil Adnan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA substantial body of research supports a positive association between interpersonal gratitude and relationship satisfaction in couples; however, dyadic coping‐based gratitude (DC‐G) has not been investigated from a dyadic stress and coping perspective. The current study aimed to investigate the mediating role of DC‐G between trait affectivity and relationship satisfaction in couples. We collected data from both members of dyads (N = 300 married couples) for the study variables as a pre‐requisite for conducting dyadic data analysis using an actor–partner interdependent mediation model (APIMeM). The findings suggest that husbands' positive affect significantly predicted wives' relationship satisfaction via DC‐G (actor–partner effect). However, the mediating effect of DC‐G appeared to be stronger for the actor–actor and partner–partner effects compared with the cross‐partner effect, which supports the actor‐only effect. Further, wives' DC‐G mediated between husbands' negative affect and wives' relationship satisfaction, suggesting a mediating effect of DC‐G for wives but not for husbands. The implications are discussed within the context of couples' relationships.
Crystal structure of human serum albumin in complex with megabody reveals unique human and murine cross‐reactive binding site
Authors: De Felice Sofia , Romanyuk Zhanna , Chinellato Monica , Zoia Giulia , Linciano Sara , Kumada Yoichi , Pardon Els , Steyaert Jan , Angelini Alessandro , Cendron Laura 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe pharmacokinetic properties of small biotherapeutics can be enhanced via conjugation to cross‐reactive albumin‐binding ligands in a process that improves their safety and accelerates testing through multiple pre‐clinical animal models. In this context, the small and stable heavy‐chain‐only nanobody NbAlb1, capable of binding both human and murine albumin, has recently been successfully applied to improve the stability and prolong the in vivo plasma residence time of multiple small therapeutic candidates. Despite its clinical efficacy, the mechanism of cross‐reactivity of NbAlb1 between human and murine serum albumins has not yet been investigated. To unveil the molecular basis of such an interaction, we solved the crystal structure of human serum albumin (hSA) in complex with NbAlb1. The structure was obtained by harnessing the unique features of a megabody chimeric protein, comprising NbAlb1 grafted onto a modified version of the circularly permutated and bacterial‐derived protein HopQ. This structure showed that NbAlb1 contacts a yet unexplored binding site located in the peripheral region of domain II that is conserved in both human and mouse serum albumin proteins. Furthermore, we show that the binding of NbAlb1 to both serum albumin proteins is retained even at acidic pH levels, thus explaining its extended in vivo half‐life. The elucidation of the molecular basis of NbAlb1 cross‐reactivity to human and murine albumins might guide the design of novel nanobodies with broader reactivity toward a larger panel of serum albumins, thus facilitating the pre‐clinical and clinical phases in humans.
A numerical study of ocean surface‐layer response to atmospheric shallow convection: Impact of cloud shading, rain, and cold pools
Authors: Brilouet Pierre‐Etienne , Redelsperger Jean‐Luc , Bouin Marie‐Noëlle , Couvreux Fleur , Villefranque Najda 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe response of the oceanic surface layer to atmospheric shallow convection is explored using realistic atmospheric large eddy simulations coupled with an oceanic 1D model with high vertical resolution. The effects of cloud shading, rain, and enhanced heat loss due to gust fronts on the edge of cold pools and their interactions are investigated in a case study of the Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability/Dynamics of the Madden–Julian Oscillation experiment in the tropical Indian Ocean, during a suppressed phase of the Madden–Julian Oscillation. Conditions of low surface wind and strong solar heating result in diurnal warming of the oceanic surface of 2 °C over a depth of 1 m. Analysis of specific periods covering the diurnal cycle shows the contrasting effects of cloud shading, rain, and turbulent heat fluxes under the cold pools on the sea temperature at the surface and below. On the one hand, decreasing the solar radiation (cloud shading) results in slight cooling extended horizontally and penetrating down to 1–2 m depth, depending on the time of the day. On the other hand, turbulent heat fluxes enhanced up to 300 Wm by gusts and freshwater lenses due to rain act together and more locally. They isolate and strongly cool a thin inner layer at the surface, which eventually destabilizes the surface layer and propagates the cooling downward. The exact relative part and efficiency of these processes depend on the time evolution of the thermal stratification and vertical turbulent mixing in the oceanic upper layer. Surface cooling of up to 0.5 °C may occur in a few tens of minutes and last for several hours, significantly mitigating the effects of diurnal warming over large extents.
Unusual Raman Enhancement Effect of Ultrathin Copper Sulfide
Authors: Kim Gwangwoo , Jeong Du Won , Lee Geonhee , Lee Suok , Ma Kyung Yeol , Hwang Hyuntae , Jang Seunghun , Hong John , Pak Sangyeon , Cha SeungNam , Cho Donghwi , Kim Sunkyu , Lim Jongchul , Lee Young‐Woo , Shin Hyeon Suk , Jang A‐Rang , Lee Jeong‐O 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), 2D materials are explored as substrates owing to their chemical stability and reproducibility. However, they exhibit lower enhancement factors (EFs) compared to noble metal‐based SERS substrates. This study demonstrates the application of ultrathin covellite copper sulfide (CuS) as a cost‐effective SERS substrate with a high EF value of 7.2 × 104. The CuS substrate is readily synthesized by sulfurizing a Cu thin film at room temperature, exhibiting a Raman signal enhancement comparable to that of an Au noble metal substrate of similar thickness. Furthermore, computational simulations using the density functional theory are employed and time‐resolved photoluminescence measurements are performed to investigate the enhancement mechanisms. The results indicate that polar covalent bonds (Cu─S) and strong interlayer interactions in the ultrathin CuS substrate increase the probability of charge transfer between the analyte molecules and the CuS surface, thereby producing enhanced SERS signals. The CuS SERS substrate demonstrates the selective detection of various dye molecules, including rhodamine 6G, methylene blue, and safranine O. Furthermore, the simplicity of CuS synthesis facilitates large‐scale production of SERS substrates with high spatial uniformity, exhibiting a signal variation of less than 5% on a 4‐inch wafer.
Band Engineering Through Pb‐Doping of Nanocrystal Building Blocks to Enhance Thermoelectric Performance in Cu3SbSe4
Authors: Wan Shanhong , Xiao Shanshan , Li Mingquan , Wang Xin , Lim Khak Ho , Hong Min , Ibáñez Maria , Cabot Andreu , Liu Yu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDeveloping cost‐effective and high‐performance thermoelectric (TE) materials to assemble efficient TE devices presents a multitude of challenges and opportunities. Cu3SbSe4 is a promising p‐type TE material based on relatively earth abundant elements. However, the challenge lies in its poor electrical conductivity. Herein, an efficient and scalable solution‐based approach is developed to synthesize high‐quality Cu3SbSe4 nanocrystals doped with Pb at the Sb site. After ligand displacement and annealing treatments, the dried powders are consolidated into dense pellets, and their TE properties are investigated. Pb doping effectively increases the charge carrier concentration, resulting in a significant increase in electrical conductivity, while the Seebeck coefficients remain consistently high. The calculated band structure shows that Pb doping induces band convergence, thereby increasing the effective mass. Furthermore, the large ionic radius of Pb2+ results in the generation of additional point and plane defects and interphases, dramatically enhancing phonon scattering, which significantly decreases the lattice thermal conductivity at high temperatures. Overall, a maximum figure of merit (zTmax) ≈ 0.85 at 653 K is obtained in Cu3Sb0.97Pb0.03Se4. This represents a 1.6‐fold increase compared to the undoped sample and exceeds most doped Cu3SbSe4‐based materials produced by solid‐state, demonstrating advantages of versatility and cost‐effectiveness using a solution‐based technology.
Demeter: An automatic framework for data migration in open data lakes
Authors: Kim Dasol , Han Jiwoo , Son Siwoon , Gil Myeong‐Seon , Moon Yang‐Sae , Won Heesun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn open data lake stores various forms and types of open data, and there is an increasing demand to manage raw data in tables rather than files for efficient data exploration and analysis. In this paper, we investigate the data management of open data lakes and recognize the limitations of table migration and related problems. First, open data lakes have problems of preprocessing complexity, scale limitation, and platform dependency due to the traditional data management method and open data characteristics. Second, existing studies for table migration have problems of lack of scalability, migration incompleteness, and scale limitation. In this work, we present a novel automation framework, called Demeter, which solves three problems inherent in open data lakes by expanding automation. Specifically, it supports automating catalog collection and preprocessing tasks to solve preprocessing complexity and scale limitation. It also supports platform universality for representative data platforms through the automation of catalog analysis and detailed processing logic. Demeter then solves three problems in table migration by adopting Airbyte, an open‐source ELT platform, and by enhancing automation capability with the Airbyte manager. We verify that Demeter resolves all the problems above through extensive experiments and proves its scalability and universality. In addition, significantly outperforms CKAN by Demeter up to 508.5% in automation performance, up to 207.28% in processing time, and up to 917.17% in migration performance. These results indicate that Demeter is an excellent automation framework that increases the utilization of large‐scale open data and supports reliable Internet‐scale migration.
Privacy‐preserving in the smart healthcare system using steganography and chaotic functions based on DNA
Authors: Esmaeelzadeh Rostam Habib , Motameni Homayun , Enayatifar Rasul 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe smart healthcare system is one of the Internet of Things‐based applications that are increasingly used nowadays. One of the requirements of this system is privacy‐preserving, which should protect the disclosure of the patient record contents. In the present paper, a combination of chaotic functions and a new DNA‐based steganography method, and image blocking are suggested to protect patients' privacy‐preserving. First, the image is blocked, and the initial key for the chaotic function will be gained by using the centers of the blocks. Then the data and image are transformed into DNA sequences. Finally, one of the randomly chosen DNA strands of data is XOR with the center of one randomly selected block and will be placed in one of the block pixels. The failure to send the initial key separately to generate random numbers, as well as the random selection of secret data bits and image pixels for steganography has increased the security of the proposed method. The simulation results not only indicate the quality of the stego‐image but also show better performance of the proposed method than the existing methods.
Enzymatic Degradation of Starch—Usage of β‐Cyclodextrin for Inactivation of Pullulanase
Authors: Ulbrich Marco , Bültena Matthias , Flöter Eckhard 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe cyclic oligosaccharide β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CDx) is investigated regarding its ability on principle to reduce the debranching activity of pullulanase (PUL) or even terminate the enzymatic hydrolysis process of starch polymers completely. For this purpose, dissolved β‐CDx (aqueous solution) is mixed with the diluted PUL compound (solution) and conditioned (stirred at 40 °C for various durations [0, 20, 40, and 60 min; at 26.75 nmol β‐CDx U−1] and at various β‐CDx dosages [5.35, 13.375, 26.75, and 53.5 nmol β‐CDx U−1; reaction time 60 min]). The PUL‐CDx‐mixtures are subsequently added to a 2.5% w/w starch solution (related to the initial specific debranching activity; 1593.6 NPUN g−1/557.8 U g−1) and gently stirred for 20 min at 40 °C before final thermal inactivation. The obtained samples are diluted and characterized molecularly, i.e., by means of size exclusion chromatography (SEC). An increasing β‐CDx dosage reduces the degree of molecular degradation systematically reflecting a successively reduced enzyme activity. However, the reaction time (PUL‐CDx‐mixture) has no impact on the enzyme's activity since the starch degradation is marginally and the SEC‐chromatograms similar to the one of the initial starch. Restrictions of the enzyme inhibiting effect of β‐CDx are found terminating the hydrolysis process in a starch suspension.
Mass spectrometric analysis of transition metal complexes formed through contact of artificial sweat with circulating Euro coins
Authors: Rezaei Azar , Heiles Sven , Spengler Bernhard , Schindler Siegfried 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIt is well‐known that some metals/alloys sensitize the skin of susceptible individuals. Trace amounts of metals and chemical compounds containing metal ions can affect human health, i. e., cause allergy or inflammation. However, the details of this metal‐induced allergic reaction are not well understood. Complexes of nickel, copper, and zinc are known to be easily formed through contact of metal alloys with ubiquitously available organic compounds such as triacylglycerols, amino acids, urea, and fatty acids found in skin secretions or skin care products. Thus, an analytical technique is required to characterize and identify metal complexes formed on metallic everyday products, ideally offering a chemically specific, laterally resolved view of allergy‐causing processes. Here we present a mass‐spectrometry‐based analytical workflow to characterize metal‐containing compounds formed on the surface of 1‐euro coins when in contact with artificial sweat. This study identified different metal complexes by using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Surface imaging of 1‐Euro coins employing laser‐based mass spectrometry revealed the lateral distribution of Zn, Cu, and Ni complexes with low‐micrometer resolution.