bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INTERMUSCULAR ADIPOSE TISSUE AND MUSCLE FUNCTION IN PATIENTS ON MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS
Authors: Dilaver R. Gulsah , Demirci Mert , Crescenzi Rachelle , Pridmore Michael , Ertuglu Lale A. , Guide Andrew , Greevy Robert , Roshanravan Baback , Alp Ikizler T. , Gamboa Jorge L. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and AimsSarcopenia, defined as a loss in muscle mass and strength, is common in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), leading to poor outcomes. Intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) accumulation is associated with metabolic and functional abnormalities in chronic disease conditions. This study assesses IMAT in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and its association with metabolic markers and physical performance.Methods and ResultsWe performed a cross-sectional study comparing MHD patients with controls. IMAT accumulation was measured by analyzing the fat-to-muscle ratio of the calf muscles through Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans. Body composition and metabolic markers were assessed (hs-CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and insulin resistance). Circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) was quantified using qRT-PCR. Muscle function was evaluated with handgrip strength. Inverse propensity weighted (IPW) method was used to test the difference between IMAT levels of the groups. Twenty-five MHD patients and 23 controls were analyzed. The MHD group had higher IMAT accumulation than controls (p < 0.01). IMAT was positively correlated with Body Mass Index (BMI) and fat mass index (FMI) in controls. MHD patients exhibited elevated TNF-α, IL-6, and hs-CRP levels (p < 0.01). Positive correlations were found between IMAT and IL-6 in MHD patients and between IMAT and TNF-α in controls. Handgrip strength was negatively correlated with IMAT in the entire cohort (p <0.01).ConclusionOur findings highlight the potential role of IMAT in muscle catabolism and functional decline in advanced CKD. Targeting IMAT could be a valuable strategy for improving health outcomes in this population.
Under the cover of darkness: how clubroot disease affectsArabidopsis thalianaphysiology during the night
Authors: Garvetto Andrea , Auer Susann , Benade Freia , Hittorf Michaela , Ludwig-Müller Jutta , Neuhauser Sigrid 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundPlasmodiophora brassicae(Phytomyxea, Rhizaria) is the etiological agent of clubroot disease, one of the most important diseases of Brassicaceae crops. Alteration of metabolism and hormone homeostasis leads to the formation of tumor-like galls in the root system of affected plants. Host plant energy metabolism and developmental processes are under strong temporal control exhibiting differences between day and night. The very same processes are affected by clubroot, but the effect of the infection on the host plant in the night has never been investigated. This study uses time-resolved transcriptome analyses to explore howP. brassicaeaffectsA. thalianain the night during intermediate (14 DAI) and late (21 DAI) infection.ResultsDay-night differences in gene expression were more pronounced in younger rather than older plants in our differential gene expression (DGE) analysis, regardless of infection status. Consequently, intermediate phases of infection showed more day-night differences than later ones. Clustering of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in functional categories highlighted how some of the typical processes known to be disrupted by clubroot infection are more significantly affected in the night and also uncovered some disrupted exclusively in the night. Among these, RNA modification stood out as the most unambiguously highly upregulated process in infectedArabidopsisroots in the night. Analysis of the interaction between clubroot infection and diel oscillations in gene expression also showed a higher interplay between clubroot and time in younger plants, where many genes lost their normal day/night oscillations during the infection. Interestingly, few genes central to the plant circadian clock were found to be affected and lost their normal rhythmicity with the infection.ConclusionsP. brassicaeinduces night time specific changes in gene expression during the metabolically active phases of the infection. In addition, the infection does affect rhythmic gene expression in plants including core genes of the circadian clock. Time-resolved datasets could help to better understand the interaction betweenP. brassicaeand its hosts and constitute the first step for the investigation of clubroot-induced changes in rhythmic gene expression.
SRS microscopy identifies inhibition of vitellogenesis as a mediator of lifespan extension by caloric restriction inC. elegans
Authors: Yang Bowen , Manifold Bryce , Han Wuji , DeSousa Catherin , Zhu Wanyi , Streets Aaron , Titov Denis V. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYThe molecular mechanisms of aging are not fully understood. Here, we used label-free Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy to investigate changes in proteins and lipids throughout the lifespan ofC. elegans. We observed a dramatic buildup of proteins within the body cavity or pseudocoelom of aged adults that was blunted by interventions that extend lifespan: caloric restriction (CR) and the reduced insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway. Using a combination of microscopy, proteomic analysis, and validation with mutant strains, we identified vitellogenins as the key molecular components of the protein buildup in the pseudocoelom. Vitellogenins shuttle nutrients from intestine to embryos and are homologous to human apolipoprotein B, the causal driver of cardiovascular disease. We then showed that CR and knockdown of vitellogenins both extend lifespan by >60%, but their combination has no additional effect on lifespan, suggesting that CR extends the lifespan ofC. elegansin part by inhibiting vitellogenesis. The extensive dataset of more than 12,000 images stitched into over 350 whole-animal SRS images ofC. elegansat different ages and subjected to different longevity intervention will be a valuable resource for researchers interested in aging.
Socio-Demographic Bias in Large Language Models Alters Ethical Decision-Making in Healthcare
Authors: Sorin Vera , Korfiatis Panagiotis , Collins Jeremy D. , Apakama Donald , Glicksberg Benjamin S. , Nadkarni Girish N. , Klang Eyal 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveLarge language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in healthcare. However, their ethical alignment remains uncertain. We tested whether LLMs shift ethical priorities in health-related scenarios under different socio-demographic modifiers, focusing on autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice, and utilitarianism.MethodsWe created 100 clinical scenarios, each requiring a yes/no choice between two conflicting principles. We tested nine LLMs, each with and without 53 socio-demographic modifiers, repeating each scenario-modifier combination 10 times per model (for a total of 0.5M prompts). We measured how often each principle was chosen.ResultsAll models changed their responses when socio-demographic details were introduced (p<0.001). Justice and nonmaleficence were each prioritized in over 30% of responses. Utilitarianism ranged from 6.7% (CI: 6.2-7.2%) for a “Black Transgender woman (she/her)” to 17.0% (CI: 16.3-17.8%) for “Billionaires”, across models and modifiers. High-income modifiers increased utilitarian choices while lowering beneficence and nonmaleficence. Marginalized-group modifiers raised autonomy prioritization. Some models were more consistent than others, but none maintained consistency across all scenarios.ConclusionsLLMs can be influenced by socio-demographic cues and do not always maintain stable ethical priorities, with the greatest shifts seen in utilitarian choices. Our findings reveal that socio-demographic cues systematically alter LLM ethical decision-making, raising concerns about algorithmic fairness in healthcare.
Phenotypic Changes in Undifferentiated and Retinoic Acid Differentiated HL-60/S4 Cells with-or-without LBR Knockdown
Authors: Olins Ada L. , Welch David Mark , Prudovsky Igor , Olins Donald E. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMany functions of the nuclear envelope protein LBR (Lamin B Receptor) have been documented. LBR influences the shape of the nuclear envelope via its connections to underlying heterochromatin and to the lamina. LBR also functions as an essential enzyme in sterol biosynthesis. This study attempts to further define the LBR gene functions in a LBR knockdown cell line (HL-60/sh1), by employing Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to explore: Part 1) the effects of LBR knockdown on cell differentiation to granulocytes induced by retinoic acid (RA); Part 2) the effects of LBR knockdown on phenotypic differences between undifferentiated HL-60/sh1 and undifferentiated control cell lines (HL-60/S4 and HL-60/gfp). These GSEA studies are based upon previously published mRNA transcriptome data. In Part 1, the most significant effects were the increasedlossof heterochromatin and the decreased histone methyltransferase activity in RA-differentiated HL-60/sh1 granulocytes, compared to HL-60/S4 and HL-60/gfp granulocytes. In addition, HL-60/sh1 ribosome structural protein transcripts were moreincreasedduring granulocyte differentiation, than observed in HL-60/S4 and HL-60/gfp. For many predicted phenotypes (e.g., senescence, migration, chemotaxis, phagocytosis and apoptosis), no significant differences were observed among the three granulocytic cell lines. In Part 2, comparisons were mainly betweenundifferentiatedHL-60/sh1 and HL-60/S4 cells. We noted a significant increase in ribosomal protein and ribosomal RNA synthesis in sh1 0 versus to S4 0 cells. Of further interest, we observed that the position and number of nucleoli per cell appeared to differ between these two undifferentiated cell lines. In addition, GSEA results indicated a significantgainin heterochromatin and nucleosome formation in sh1 0 versus S4 0 cells. Microscopic imaging of undifferentiated sh1 0 cells compared to S4 0 cells indicated increased DAPI stained chromatin condensates surrounding the frequently central nucleoli, possibly reflecting the increased heterochromatin and the decreased LBR. Furthermore, the sh1 0 cell nuclei appeared “rounder” than the S4 0 cell nuclei. Evidence is presented supporting that the LINC Complex (“Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton”) may play a role.
Ultra-high throughputin vitrotranslation assay for identification ofTrypanosoma cruzi-specificprotein synthesis inhibitors
Authors: Mantovani Camila Colombari , Moraes Carolina Borsoi , dos Santos Guilherme Rodrigo Reis , Aktas Bertal Huseyin , Schenkman Sergio 
Published: February 2025

AbstractChagas disease, a global health threat exacerbated by the migration of infected individuals, raises significant concern due to its restricted treatment options, resulting in around 12,000 fatalities annually. The disease is caused byTrypanosoma cruzi,a protozoan parasite.T. cruzipossesses a divergent translation apparatus, characterized by enlarged ribosomes and a unique mRNA cap appended to the 5’ end of a 39-nucleotide spliced leader inserted upstream of all its mRNAs. Given that many anti-microbial agents are protein synthesis inhibitors and the divergence ofT. cruziprotein synthetic machinery compared to its mammalian host, it is likely thatT. cruzi-specificprotein synthesis inhibitors can be employed for the treatment of Chagas disease. Such inhibitors can be identified by screening chemical libraries in anin vitrotranslation assay. However, lysates ofT. cruzicannot reinitiate translation of exogenous mRNAs. Here, we demonstrate thatT. cruziextracts derived from a strain deficient for hemin accumulation efficiently translate a capped and polyadenylated reporter mRNA. We optimized this assay’s conditions and adapted it to a 384-well format. In a proof of principle pilot study, we identified quinazoline compounds that inhibit translation of reporter mRNAsby T. cruziextracts. These compounds inhibited protein synthesis in live wild-type parasites. We further miniaturized this assay to a 5 µL volume, demonstrating its suitability for ultra-high throughput screening in a 1536-well format with appropriate automation. This first-of-its-kindT. cruzi ultra-high-throughput in vitrotranslation assay will enable screening of very large chemical libraries while hit compounds identified in the pilot study can be developed into lead compounds by synthesis and/or assembly of focused libraries to develop therapeutics for Chagas disease.
A trehalase-derived MAMP triggers LecRK-V-mediated immune responses in Arabidopsis
Authors: Iino Erika , Kadota Yasuhiro , Maki Noriko , Ono Erika , Sato Kazuki , Ishihama Nobuaki , Ngou Bruno Pok Man , Schmid Marc W , Suzuki Takamasa , Uehara Taketo , Shirasu Ken 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPlant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) cause major agricultural losses worldwide, yet the molecular basis of plant immunity against these pathogens remains poorly understood. To investigate how plants recognize PPNs, we aimed to identify microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) from nematodes and the corresponding plant immune components. Due to the limited availability of material from obligate PPNs, we usedCaenorhabditis elegans, a free-living nematode, as a MAMP source.C. elegansextracts activated MAMP-triggered immune responses inArabidopsisCol-0. Through chromatography-based purification, we identified a secreted trehalase and pinpointed a conserved peptide region essential for its MAMP activity. A corresponding peptide from root-knot nematode trehalase enabled the identification of lectin receptor kinases LecRK-V.5 and LecRK-V.6 as key components in immune induction. Notably, this peptide region is conserved across insect and fungal pathogens, with LecRK-Vs required for immune responses to these peptides, highlighting the role of LecRK-V-mediated mechanism for broad-spectrum pathogen detection via trehalase-derived peptides.TeaserTrehalase-derived peptides trigger LecRK-V-mediated immune responses in plants, enabling broad detection of nematodes, insects, and fungi.
Compound nucleus formation cross sections in lead-induced reactions
Authors: Denisov V. Yu. 
Published: February 2025

The formation of the compound nucleus in heavy-ion collisions is considered in two steps. The first step is related to the penetration of the ions through the capture barrier, the formation of the sticking nuclei in the capture well, and the transfer of kinetic energy of relative motion into the intrinsic energy of the sticking nuclei. The second step is associated with the compound-nucleus formation from the sticking nuclei in competition to the quasielastic scattering. The compound nucleus is preferably formed when the height of the compound nucleus formation barrier is substantially smaller than the height of the quasielastic barrier. This leads to the values of the capture and compound nucleus formation cross sections being close. In contrast, the formation of the compound nuclei is suppressed when the height of the compound-nucleus formation barrier is close to or larger than that of the quasielastic barrier. In this case, the capture cross sections are greater than the compound-nucleus formation cross sections. The suppression of the compound-nucleus formation is increased with the mass and charge of ions colliding with lead because the quasielastic barrier height obtained relative to the compound nucleus ground state is decreased with the mass and charge of ions colliding with lead and the role of the compound-nucleus formation barrier rises. The dependence of the compound-nucleus formation suppression on the shell-correction energy of the compound nucleus is shown. The available experimental data for 14 heavy-ion reactions induced by lead are well described in the model.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Can vertical interlocks of executives block adverse loops between R&D investment and the cost of equity capital? Evidence from China
Authors: Wei Gang , Ma Weiwei , Shan Lingbin 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
This paper aims to conduct research on the role of vertical interlocks of executives in blocking adverse loops between research and development (R&D) investment and the cost of equity capital and explore the action path of vertical interlocks of executives. This paper also analyzes the differences in the effect of vertical interlocks of chairman, vertical interlocks of chief executive officer (CEO) and vertical interlocks of CEO duality.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses 28,078 firm-year samples from Chinese A-share listed companies to study the impact of R&D investment on the cost of equity capital using univariate group analysis and multiple regression methods. This paper analyzes the role of vertical interlocks of executives in reducing the positive impact of R&D investment on the cost of equity capital by constructing interaction variables, by using group testing method to analyze the differences in the vertical interlocks of executives. This study also uses propensity score matching and instrumental variables to conduct robustness tests.

Findings
The vertical interlocks of executives can block adverse loops between R&D investment and the cost of equity capital. The role of executive vertical interlocks is more prominent in non-state-owned firms, mainly exerting the resource effect that supports the innovation of non-state-owned firms, including the information resource effect and the financial resource effect. Through heterogeneity analysis, this paper discovered that the role of vertical interlocks of chairman is greater than that of the CEO and the CEO duality.

Originality/value
Based on the perspective of the correlation effect generated by vertical interlocks of executives, this paper analyzes the path of promoting corporate innovation. This provides new empirical evidence for studying the collaborative governance effect of vertical interlocks of executives “supervision effect, financial resource effect and information resource effect.” This study provides useful insights for regulatory authorities to regulate and guide development of the vertical interlocks of executives.
Finance-based scheduling for projects in owners’ portfolios: MILP versus improved GA and PSO
Authors: Fares Ali , Elazouni Ashraf , Al-Shihabi Sameh , Al-Alawi Mubarak 
Published: February 2025

PurposeIn the construction industry, cash flow issues can impact both contractors and owners. Although finance-based scheduling (FBS) models were developed to control contractors’ cash flow, researchers completely disregarded cash flow management for owners’ portfolios. Therefore, FBS is once again introduced in this study from the perspective of the owners of portfolios.Design/methodology/approachFor the FBS problem of portfolio owners (FBS-PO), a mixed integer linear program (MILP) model is developed. The purpose is to ensure that owners’ cash inflows are greater than cash outflows while minimizing the sum of weighted extensions of the projects in portfolios. Owing to the difficulties encountered in solving the proposed MILP model, genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) meta-heuristics are used. To ensure the feasibility of the solutions, a special serial schedule generation heuristic was developed in conjunction with the random key method for chromosome representation.FindingsThe GA produced higher-quality solutions compared to PSO, though it required more processing time. The GA has proven to be a far better choice than the MILP exact solver for bigger portfolios. Additionally, there is a linear correlation between the number of activities in portfolios and the amount of computational time required for the GA to converge.Originality/valueThis paper introduces the new research domain of FBS from the owners’ perspective (FBS-PO). In order to establish the FBS-PO as a stand-alone domain, a critical review of the FBS studies in the literature was conducted. In addition, the goals, characteristics, implementation and challenges of the FBS heuristics are benchmarked against those of the special serial schedule generation heuristic developed for the FBS-PO problem.
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) in business: a contextual snapshot
Authors: Praharaj Ashyashree , Chhatoi Biswajit Prasad 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
This paper aims to delve into the developing field of enterprise resource planning (ERP) research through a thorough bibliometric analysis.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing insights from sample articles of prominent databases, this study delves into thematic clusters, key contributors and emerging trends within the ERP domain.

Findings
This research shows a significant increase in single-authored ERP publications. It also highlights contributions from emerging economies and identifies key research areas such as ERP implementation and critical success factors. In addition, there is a growing interest in sustainability and impact assessment.

Originality/value
This study provides insights into past and present research trends and suggests potential research themes, questions and keywords for future exploration in this field.
From greenwashing to brand avoidance: the roles of perceived risk, trust and negative word-of-mouth
Authors: Mohammed Abdulalem , Al-Swidi Abdullah Kaid , Al-Hakimi Mohammed A. , Ferraris Alberto 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThis study explores the intricate relationships between greenwashing (GW), negative word-of-mouth (NWoM) and brand avoidance (BA), emphasizing the pivotal roles of green perceived risk (GPR) and green trust (GT). By analyzing these dynamics, the study sheds light on the effect of GW on consumer reactions and behaviors toward brands engaging in green marketing practices.Design/methodology/approachThe current study used a survey dataset of 512 customers in Saudi Arabia and applied partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess the paths within the proposed model.FindingsThe findings of this study indicate that consumers’ perceptions of GW can harm brands. Specifically, GW positively influences BA through both GPR and GT. Moreover, GW directly affects NWoM and indirectly via GPR.Practical implicationsThe study provides actionable insights for practitioners, emphasizing the importance of avoiding deceptive green marketing (i.e. GW) to build consumer trust and reduce negative behaviors like BA and NWoM. By adopting transparent practices and leveraging third-party environmental certifications, brands can enhance credibility, mitigate risks and maintain customer loyalty in sustainability-focused markets.Originality/valueDrawing on signaling theory and expectancy violation theory, this study builds a new framework to highlight the harmful effects of GW on brands. By integrating these theories, the framework effectively explains how GW can trigger extreme responses such as NWoM and BA, thereby contributing to research that has previously overlooked the connections between these factors.