bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mendelian randomization analysis suggests no causal influence of gastroesophageal reflux disease on the susceptibility and prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Sun Di , Ye Qiao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and the susceptibility as well as the prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has been previously suggested, with the potential confounding factor of smoking not adequately addressed. In light of this, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate the causal effects of GERD on the susceptibility and prognosis of IPF while excluding smoking.

Methods
We chose GERD as the exposure variable and employed genome-wide association data to examine its association with susceptibility, forced vital capacity (FVC), diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLco), and transplant-free survival (TFS) in patients with IPF as the outcome variables. MR analyses were performed using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, and sensitivity analyses were conducted using the MR-PRESSO outlier test, Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis. Additionally, to mitigate the potential effects of smoking on our MR estimates, we conducted a multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis by adjusting for smoking.

Results
The univariable MR analysis demonstrated no causal effect of GERD on FVC (βIVW = 26.63, SE = 48.23, P = 0.581), DLco (βIVW = 0.12, SE = 0.12, P = 0.319), and TFS (HRIVW = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.56 to 1.35, P = 0.533) in patients with IPF. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis revealed no evidence of heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy, or outlier single nucleotide polymorphisms. The MVMR analysis showed no causal effect of GERD on susceptibility to IPF after adjusting for smoking (ORIVW = 1.30, 95% CI = 0.93 to 1.68, P = 0.071). These findings were consistent in the replication cohort.

Conclusions
The link between GERD and its potential impact on susceptibility to IPF may not be of a direct causal nature and could be influenced by factors such as smoking. Our findings did not reveal any evidence of a causal relationship between GERD and the FVC, DLco, and TFS of patients with IPF.
Exosome-based engineering strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial diseases
Authors: Ren Jianing , Jing Xuan , Liu Yingyu , Liu Jinrong , Ning Xiao , Zong Mingrui , Zhang Ran , Cheng Huaiyi , Cui Jiayu , Li Bing , Wu Xiuping 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOral and maxillofacial diseases are one of the most prevalent diseases in the world, which not only seriously affect the health of patients’ oral and maxillofacial tissues, but also bring serious economic and psychological burdens to patients. Therefore, oral and maxillofacial diseases require effective treatment. Traditional treatments have limited effects. In recent years, nature exosomes have attracted increasing attention due to their ability to diagnose and treat diseases. However, the application of nature exosomes is limited due to low yield, high impurities, lack of targeting, and high cost. Engineered exosomes can be endowed with better comprehensive therapeutic properties by modifying exosomes of parent cells or directly modifying exosomes, and biomaterial loading exosomes. Compared with natural exosomes, these engineered exosomes can achieve more effective diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillary system diseases, and provide reference and guidance for clinical application. This paper reviews the engineering modification methods of exosomes and the application of engineered exosomes in oral and maxillofacial diseases and looks forward to future research directions.Graphical Abstract
Randomized controlled trial of vitamin d supplementation on toll-like receptor-2 (tlr-2) and toll-like receptor-4 (tlr-4) in tuberculosis spondylitis patients
Authors: Arifin Jainal , Massi Muhammad Nasrum , Biakto Karya Triko , Bukhari Agussalim , Noor Zairin , Johan Muhammad Phetrus 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Tuberculosis spondylitis accounts for approximately 50% of all cases of skeletal tuberculosis. Vitamin D plays a role in the immune system. Vitamin D helps in the activation of TLR-2 and TLR-4, which play a role in the process of tuberculosis infection. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of oral supplementation with vitamin D on TLR-2 and TLR-4 levels in tuberculosis spondylitis patients.

Methods
The true Experiment Design Pretest–Posttest with Control Group (Pretest–Posttest with Control Group) was used for this research. TLR-2 and TLR-4 were measured by ELISA. Repeated ANOVA, ANOVA tests, and Kolmogorov–Smirnov normality tests on the SPSS program were used to statistically analyze the results.

Result
In the dose groups of 10,000 IU and 5000 IU, significant increases in the levels of vitamin D, TLR-2, and TLR-4 were observed at weeks 4 and 8 (p < 0.05). In the control group, there was no significant increase.

Conclusions
Vitamin D supplements can significantly increase TLR-2 and TLR-4 levels. Supplementation with vitamin D 10,000 IU/day for 8 weeks can increase vitamin D levels > 50 ng/dl to optimally act as an immunomodulator.
Acute cardiac tamponade during atrial flutter ablation: improved hemodynamics after positive pressure ventilation: a case report
Authors: Royster Roger L. , Coleman Scott R. , Goenaga-Díaz Eduardo J. , Richardson Karl M. , Whalen S. Patrick 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Acute cardiac tamponade is a rare event during any type of interventional or surgical procedure. It can occur during electrophysiology procedures due to radiofrequency ablation, lead or catheter manipulation, transseptal puncture, laser lead extractions, or left atrial appendage occlusion device positioning. Cardiac tamponade is difficult to study in a prospective manner, and case reports and case series are important contributions to understanding the best options for patient care.

Case summary
An 87-year-old Caucasian male patient breathing spontaneously developed acute tamponade during an atrial flutter ablation. Pericardial drain insertion was difficult, and hypotension failed to respond to epinephrine boluses. The patient became hypoxemic and hypercarbic, requiring intubation. Unexpectedly, the blood pressure markedly increased postintubation and remained in a normal range until the pericardium was drained.

Conclusion
Spontaneous ventilation is considered important to maintain venous return to the right heart during cardiac tamponade. However, spontaneous ventilation reduces venous return to the left heart and worsens the paradoxical pulse in tamponade. Intravenous vasopressors are thought to be ineffective during cardiac tamponade. Our patient maintained pulmonary blood flow as indicated by end-tidal carbon dioxide measurements but had no measurable systemic blood pressure during spontaneous ventilation. Our case demonstrates that tracheal intubation and positive pressure ventilation can transiently improve left heart venous return, systemic perfusion, and drug delivery to the systemic circulation.
Applying atomistic neural networks to bias conformer ensembles towards bioactive-like conformations
Authors: Baillif Benoit , Cole Jason , Giangreco Ilenia , McCabe Patrick , Bender Andreas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIdentifying bioactive conformations of small molecules is an essential process for virtual screening applications relying on three-dimensional structure such as molecular docking. For most small molecules, conformer generators retrieve at least one bioactive-like conformation, with an atomic root-mean-square deviation (ARMSD) lower than 1 Å, among the set of low-energy conformers generated. However, there is currently no general method to prioritise these likely target-bound conformations in the ensemble. In this work, we trained atomistic neural networks (AtNNs) on 3D information of generated conformers of a curated subset of PDBbind ligands to predict the ARMSD to their closest bioactive conformation, and evaluated the early enrichment of bioactive-like conformations when ranking conformers by AtNN prediction. AtNN ranking was compared with bioactivity-unaware baselines such as ascending Sage force field energy ranking, and a slower bioactivity-based baseline ranking by ascending Torsion Fingerprint Deviation to the Maximum Common Substructure to the most similar molecule in the training set (TFD2SimRefMCS). On test sets from random ligand splits of PDBbind, ranking conformers using ComENet, the AtNN encoding the most 3D information, leads to early enrichment of bioactive-like conformations with a median BEDROC of 0.29 ± 0.02, outperforming the best bioactivity-unaware Sage energy ranking baseline (median BEDROC of 0.18 ± 0.02), and performing on a par with the bioactivity-based TFD2SimRefMCS baseline (median BEDROC of 0.31 ± 0.02). The improved performance of the AtNN and TFD2SimRefMCS baseline is mostly observed on test set ligands that bind proteins similar to proteins observed in the training set. On a more challenging subset of flexible molecules, the bioactivity-unaware baselines showed median BEDROCs up to 0.02, while AtNNs and TFD2SimRefMCS showed median BEDROCs between 0.09 and 0.13. When performing rigid ligand re-docking of PDBbind ligands with GOLD using the 1% top-ranked conformers, ComENet ranked conformers showed a higher successful docking rate than bioactivity-unaware baselines, with a rate of 0.48 ± 0.02 compared to CSD probability baseline with a rate of 0.39 ± 0.02. Similarly, on a pharmacophore searching experiment, selecting the 20% top-ranked conformers ranked by ComENet showed higher hit rate compared to baselines. Hence, the approach presented here uses AtNNs successfully to focus conformer ensembles towards bioactive-like conformations, representing an opportunity to reduce computational expense in virtual screening applications on known targets that require input conformations.
Impact of energy affordability on the decision-making of rural households in ecologically fragile areas of Northwest China regarding clean energy use
Authors: Li Lingyan , Song Huihui , Duan Mimi , Zhu Yongchao , Luo Xi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Highly carbonized energy use in ecologically fragile areas of Northwest China seriously endangers the health of residents and the ecological environment. However, poor energy affordability remains a major obstacle to the promotion of clean energy use in rural households in this region.

Methods
Based on survey data of 1118 households in ecologically fragile areas of Northwest China, this study constructed a household-level database of energy use, measured energy affordability in two dimensions: endogenous income (annual per capita household income) and external inputs (government energy subsidies). It uses logistic and threshold regression to empirically test the impact, threshold, and heterogeneity of energy affordability on the decision-making of rural households regarding clean energy use for cooking, heating, and heating water.

Results
(1) The energy use structures of rural households in different ecologically fragile areas differ because of different household characteristics. (2) Energy affordability affects cooking significantly more than it affects heating and subsidy growth is a stronger incentive than income growth. Moreover, for both cooking and heating, energy affordability has a greater impact on electricity use than on gas use. (3) The thresholds for energy transformation for heating are greater than those for cooking and heating water. When the subsidy increases by 2400 yuan/year, heating can catch up to other types of use, whereas, based on the current level of income growth, it requires more than 5 years. (4) This effect is higher in high-income, purely agricultural, highly educated, young, and middle-aged households.

Conclusions
Promoting the use of clean energy in rural households only by increasing income will be a slow process. Subsidies should be used to accelerate this process by improving the energy affordability of rural households and a compensation policy should be implemented considering the energy types and periods. Taking into account the differences in the basic characteristics of rural households in different ecologically fragile areas, clean energy policies should be adopted from various perspectives to better leverage the enhancement effect of energy affordability.
Spatiotemporal slip distribution associated with the 2012–2016 Tokai long-term slow slip event inverted from GNSS data
Authors: Seshimo Yukinari , Kawabata Hiroki , Yoshioka Shoichi , Ortega-Culaciati Francisco 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe used Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time series data to estimate the spatiotemporal slip distribution for a long-term slow slip event (L-SSE) that occurred in the Tokai region, central Japan, from 2012 to 2016. Since all the used GNSS data were affected by the postseismic deformation associated with the 2011 Mw9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake, we removed such postseismic signal from the time series of three components at each of the stations. The minimal time window for an inversion analysis was set to 0.5 years (6 months), taking into account the signal-to-noise ratio of displacements for each time window. In the horizontal displacement fields, displacements were observed in the south‒southeast and southeast directions on the west and east sides of Lake Hamana, respectively, with temporal changes in their amounts and directions. In the vertical displacement fields, uplift was observed on the east side of Lake Hamana. From these data, we estimated the L-SSE initiated in approximately 2012.5 and ended by 2017.0, indicating the duration time is 4.5 years and the duration was much longer than that obtained in a previous study. Using these data, we performed the inversion analysis, in which three a priori information were assumed, i.e., the spatial distribution of slip is smooth, slip mainly occurs in the direction of plate convergence, and the temporal variation in the slip is smooth, to obtain the spatiotemporal slip distribution on a plate boundary with 3-D geometry. As a result, we identified that the L-SSE consisted of two subevents. The first subevent initiated on the southwest side of Lake Hamana and expanded during the period from 2013.0 to 2014.5. The maximum slip velocity during the period from 2012.5 to 2017.0 was estimated to be approximately 3.5 cm/year there for 2013.5–2014.0. The second subevent took place on the west side of Lake Hamana gradually from 2015.0 to 2015.5, continued, and expanded from 2015.5 to 2016.5. From the cumulative slip distribution, we found that its shape spread in the dip direction and obtained a maximum slip of approximately 10.6 cm, a moment release of 2.7 × 1019 Nm, and an equivalent moment magnitude of 6.9. Comparing our results with the L-SSE that occurred in the Tokai region between 2000 and 2005, we found that the slip initiation location was almost the same, but the subsequent slip location was more southerly for the 2012–2016 Tokai L-SSE. Additionally, the maximum slip velocity and moment magnitude were smaller for the 2012–2016 L-SSE.
Whether and when did bitcoin sentiment matter for investors? Before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Aysan Ahmet Faruk , Muğaloğlu Erhan , Polat Ali Yavuz , Tekin Hasan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUsing a wavelet coherence approach, this study investigates the relationship between Bitcoin return and Bitcoin-specific sentiment from January 1, 2016 to June 30, 2021, covering the COVID-19 pandemic period. The results reveal that before the pandemic, sentiment positively drove prices, especially for relatively higher frequencies (2–18 weeks). During the pandemic, the relationship was still positive, but interestingly, the lead-lag relationship disappeared. Employing partial wavelet tools, we factor out the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths and the Equity Market Volatility Infectious Disease Tracker index to observe the direct relationship between a change in sentiment and return. Our results robustly reveal that, before the pandemic, sentiment had a positive effect on return. Although positive coherence still existed during the pandemic, the lead-lag relationship disappeared again. Thus, the causal relationship that states that sentiment leads to return can only be integrated into short-term trading strategies (up to six weeks frequency).
Exploring the effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on quality of sleep in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Shaheen Hala A. , Gomaa Mohammed , Maarouf Mohammed M. , Daker Lamiaa I. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive therapeutic approach that targets particular brain regions that had been used and displayed significant impact in various neurological disorders. This study aimed to explore if high-frequency (HF) rTMS over the parietal cortex could influence sleep quality in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods
This was a prospective sham-controlled study conducted on 40 individuals with PD. The enrolled patients were examined with Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS-III) and Modified Hoehn and Yahr Staging Scale (H&Y staging) for motor disability evaluation and staging. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used for sleep quality and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) for excessive daytime sleepiness and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) for depression. Patients were classified into 2 groups: patients who underwent real-rTMS positioned over their bilateral parietal cortex. 100% of the motor threshold. Patients had a total of 12 sessions, one every other day. Another group received sham rTMS.

Results
The patients receiving active rTMS showed significant improvement in UPDRS-III, PSQI, ESS, and BDI-II immediately after the sessions and 1 month later. The follow-up PSQI had a significant positive correlation with the baseline BDI-II (r = 0.88, P = 0.001), H&Y staging (r = 0.78, P = 0.001), and UPDRS-III (r = 0.78, p = 0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis exhibited that the age of the patients was a significant predictor of sleep quality.

Conclusion
HF rTMS over the parietal cortex had shown a significant impact on sleep quality by the modulation of affected brain areas and by improving concomitant motor and mood manifestations.
Research in mental health in the Arab speaking world 1920 to 2018
Authors: Karam Elie G. , Okasha Ahmed , Trojanovic Natalija , Al Barathie Josleen , Saab Dahlia , Hakim Natasha , Abbas Nada 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The progressive improvement in the educational level of the Arab world has been accompanied by a surge of scientific productivity. Mental health research, especially in the last four decades, is one such endeavor. Mental health research output over almost a century, from 1920 to 2018, is reviewed.

Method
A literature review was conducted using PubMed, PsychInfo, Cochrane, and the IDRAAC search engine to identify mental health publications over the past 100 years. Trends of mental health research were explored over time with reference to country population and gross domestic product (GDP).

Results
A total of 3373 articles were retrieved. The three countries with the highest number of mental health publications in the past century are Egypt, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), and Lebanon, representing together 41.5% of the productivity of all 22 Arab countries. The top producers also had the highest collaboration rates with other Arab countries (20%) as well as non-Arab countries. The top three publishers per capita are Lebanon, Kuwait, and Bahrain. When GDP was factored in, the top three countries are Lebanon, Palestine, and Tunisia. Most publications over the last decade (80%) were in international non-local journals. The leading subjects of research were epidemiology, mood disorders, obsessive compulsive behavior, and mental health services.

Conclusion
Arab speaking countries have been increasing their mental health productivity over the past 100 years; however, only a handful of those countries were relatively active. Those leaders also had the highest level of Arab and international collaboration. Investing in regional and international collaborations is a solid recommendation of this review.
Estimation of mechanical properties of the modified high-performance concrete by novel regression models
Authors: Jingtao Li , Jing Wang , Suyuan Yin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUsing support vector regression (SVR) analytics, a novel method for evaluating the high-performance concrete (HPC) compressive strength (CS) containing fly ash (FA) and blast furnace slag (BFS) has been developed. Both Salp swarm optimization (SSA) and Grasshoppers optimization algorithm (GOA) were used in this research to look for critical SVR method variables that may be tweaked for better performance. The suggested approaches were created using 1030 trials, eight inputs (the primary component of admixtures, mix designs, curing age, and aggregates), and the CS as the forecasting goal. After that, the findings were compared to those found elsewhere in the literature. Combined SSA-SVR and GOA-SVR analysis could work exceptionally well when it comes to estimating, according to the estimation findings. The root means square error (RMSE) value for the GOA-SVR faces a remarkable increment in comparison with the SSA-SVR. The comparison resulted that the GOA-SVR delivered a higher rate of accuracy than any previous published research. At the outset, the developed GOA-SVR model might be considered a practical predictive system for the CS prediction of HPC admixed with FA and BFS.
Evaluating the difficulties and potential responses to implement Industry 4.0 in Bangladesh’s steel sector
Authors: Shabur Md. Abdus , Rahman Kazi Afzalur , Siddiki Md. Raihan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWith the promise of great benefits for industry and new possibilities for a wide range of applications, Industry 4.0 is quickly rising to prominence as one of the most important and widely discussed topics in academia and in practice. In this study, we look at the steel production business and identify the current state of affairs as well as the barriers to implementing Industry 4.0 there. Initially, the current state of Industry 4.0 was uncovered by visiting and surveying four prominent steel companies in Bangladesh. Less than fifty percent of Industry 4.0 components are now implemented in these plants. To determine the reasons for this unfavorable situation, research was conducted to identify the obstacles impeding the implementation of Industry 4.0. On the basis of the preferences of 9 experts (4 from industry and 5 from academia), 9 of the 12 proposed challenges have been selected as significant obstacles. The ranking of these nine difficulties was then assessed utilizing the popular best–worst method (BWM), a multi-criteria decision-making approach. It was determined that “high capital investment” was the most significant barrier, while “lack of government support” was the least significant. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was conducted, which improved the ranking’s quality. Then, several viable techniques for overcoming these challenges are discussed.