bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Pop to Long Hair
Authors: Stone Desmond 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In Wilder’s view, the rock and roll movement of the 1950s and ‘60s was like a blight spreading across the landscape of American music, staining all it touched, turning traditional values inside out. He seemed to take this eruption of youthful mass culture almost as a personal insult. Long after most people had perforce adapted to the noisy new phenomenon, long after most parents had given up trying to stop their teenage daughters from buying the records of Elvis Presley, Wilder was still out there shaking his fist on a lonely promontory. That “rotten” rock music seemed to him to be symptomatic of the age itself. There was plenty to be depressed about. The H-bomb was giving rise to doomsday predictions.
Casting a Spell
Authors: Stone Desmond 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1965, together with illustrator Maurice Sendak, Engvick and Wilder completed one of their happiest collaborations: perhaps the most charming collection of children’s songs ever assembled, Lullabies and Night Songs, published by Harper & Row. Since then, this handsome book has given pleasure to untold numbers of American families. But before going into more detail, let us look at some of Wilder’s earlier works for children. Often with Engvick, sometimes with Sundgaard and others, sometimes by himself, Wilder had been writing children’s musical numbers off and on for two decades or so. Sometimes for the children of his friends, sometimes for a wider audience, he would continue to compose such pieces until the last year of his life.
American Popular Song
Authors: Stone Desmond 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Almost everything Wilder did in the popular music field was prelude and preparation for American Popular Song: The Great Innovators, 1900-1950, a definitive work begun in 1968 and published to applause by Oxford University Press in 1972. Here in this volume is the distillation of a lifetime of study and practice of popular song. All that listening with ears acutely attuned to critical judgment, all that affirmation of life, all that awareness of what makes a great song, all that flooding of the soul with melody-those were the things that finally crested and came together in a pioneering publication in the last decade of his life.
The Final Years
Authors: Stone Desmond 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In January 1974, just three months after the sweet savor of The Truth About Windmills, Wilder was chilled by the death at age sixty of John Barrows, his most cherished colleague and friend. That was the day he began measuring his own mortality. Although he would keep on composing right up to his own death in 1980 for the creative springs could never be long denied-the bouts of depression would occur more often and some of his more serious music would take on darker tones. More than anyone else, Barrows had opened to him the world of classical music and, more than anyone else, had persuaded him that he was indeed a composer worthy of the name.
Meaning: The Perennial Quest
Authors: Schwartzberg Steven 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Not long ago, I had the opportunity to meet with Daniel, a 22-year-old man finishing his senior year of college. Despite the trappings of a well-to-do suburban upbringing, Daniel’s life had been marked by extraordinary stress. His parents divorced, acrimoniously, when he was I I years old, and then he was orphaned at the age of 17. In a morbid coincidence, both his parents died within months of each other, each from an unrelated illness. His siblings (a small horde of half and step brothers and sisters) were engaged in a bitter feud over what remained of the estate — most of which seemed to be withering away through legal fees. At 22, Daniel had already faced losses and life stresses typical of someone well beyond his years.
Yet given these difficult events, Daniel was doing quite well. He was successfully graduating from college, had a circle of good friends, and still maintained a sense of youthful, genuine buoyancy. Despite all that life had hurled his way, Daniel was still able to muster a necessary optimism to face his circumstances.
Living with Uncertainty, Ambiguity, and Questions of Mortality
Authors: Schwartzberg Steven 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One of the greatest challenges of life with HIV is the uncertainty of it all. Distressing questions abound: Will I get sick? When? How? Am I prepared? With what ailment? What’s the best way to take care of myself?
Tolerating the unknown can be extremely difficult, so it is not surprising that most people strive to reduce uncertainty in their lives—not only with major hurdles such as HIV but with minor day-to-day concerns as well. One way we do this is by establishing consistency in a multitude of small ways. We keep our housekeys in the same place (and feel annoyed or frustrated when we can’t find them). We create a morning routine for starting the day. We water our houseplants weekly, or pay the bills monthly, or watch the same television show with regularity.
Of course these mundane matters are not at all on a par with acclimating to life with HIV. Yet such minor details, usually taken for granted, play a crucial role in the subtle unfolding and sustenance of life’s meaning. We organize our lives to maximize a sense of regularity.
Coping, Changing, Growing
Authors: Schwartzberg Steven 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
To cope effectively with HIV is to embrace opposites. The goal is to balance denial with self-examination, illusion with actuality, rebellion with acquiescence, risk-taking with safety. Accepting fate needs to be tempered by refusing to accept. Seizing control must be offset by relinquishing it.
Problems with coping can take many forms. People give up, or give in, or fight too fiercely, or escape too easily. Although they show different faces, these coping failures all share the same root: The interdependence of opposites has been lost.
Yet how difficult this balance can be to maintain, and how easy to careen off course in a single direction. Some lose their way with too great an investment in illusion, others with too unflagging a confrontation with reality. Some fight to regain a control that can never be attained. Others prematurely dismiss all attempts at control as futile.
The Century of Taste
Authors: Dickie George 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Century of Taste offers an exposition and critical account of the central figures in the early development of the modern philosophy of art: Hutcheson, Gerard, Alison, Kant, and Hume. Dickie follows the development of the modern theory of taste from its origination by Hutcheson, to blind alleys followed by Gerard and Alison, its refinement and complete expression by Hume, and finally to its decline in the hands of Kant. In a straightforward and unpretentious style, Dickie offers sympathetic discussions of the theoretical aims of these philosophers, but does not shy from controversy - for instance, pointing out the obscurities and inconsistencies in Kant’s aesthetics writings, which Dickie argues are overrated.
The Basic Theory of Taste: Francis Hutcheson
Authors: Dickie George 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Francis Hutcheson’s argument for his theory of taste in his An Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue (1725) occurs in the first of the two essays that comprise the book. The argument of this first essay, entitled “An Inquiry Concerning Beauty, Order, Harmony, Design,” proceeds in four steps, with each of the last three steps presupposing and building on an earlier step or on several earlier steps. Step 1, which occupies the Preface and Section 1, attempts to prove that there is an internal sense of beauty that produces pleasure when triggered by a characteristic or characteristics of perceived objects. Step 2, which takes up Sections 2–4, is concerned to show that the sense of beauty is triggered by and only by the characteristic uniformity amidst variety in nature, nonrepresentational aspects of art, theorems, and representational art. Step 3, which is confined to Section 6, at tempts to prove that the sense of beauty is universal in human beings. Step 4 is a twofold thesis concerning displeasure and pleasure in the experience of beauty. The first claim argued for in Section 6, along with the universality thesis, is that any displeasure in the experience of beauty must have a source other than the sense of beauty. The second claim that takes up Section 7 is that the pleasure taken in beautiful objects derives not from custom, education, and/or example but from the sense of beauty.
The Association and Coalescence of Ideas: Alexander Gerard
Authors: Dickie George 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In Hutcheson’s theory of taste, the association of ideas plays a wholly negative role: It is used to explain why there are deviant preferences. For example, the association of ideas is used to explain why someone prefers an object of lesser uniformity (lesser beauty) to one of greater uniformity (greater beauty), and a typical explanation would be that such a person associates a certain pleasant thing or event with the object of lesser uniformity such that the pleasure of the object of lesser uniformity plus the pleasure of the associated pleasant thing or event override the pleasure of the object of greater uniformity. It never crossed Hutcheson’s mind that the fact that the pleasure of the object of greater uniformity can be overridden and not preferred has anything to do with either the degree of beauty of the object of lesser uniformity or the degree of beauty of the more uniform object. A number of the theorists of taste who came after Hutcheson, however, give the association of ideas a central and positive role in their theories—a role, as they see it, not involving deviancy.
Virtue and Ignorance
Authors: Flanagan Owen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In “The Virtues of Ignorance,” Julia Driver discusses the important question of whether there exists some class of virtues that require as a necessary ingredient that she who possesses or displays any one of them lacks knowledge. Driver thinks there is such a class. She calls the class of virtues that involve ignorance in an essential way “virtues of ignorance.” The argument is important, if true. Many recent writers have pointed to an ineliminable tension between our ethical and personal ideals. If successful, Driver’s argument would establish the existence of a different, but equally ineliminable tension: between our ethical and epistemic ideals. The argument for virtues of ignorance, however, goes wrong in several important places. Let me explain why.
The Polyphonic Progeny of an Et gaudebit: Assessing Family Relations in the Thirteenth-Century Motet
Authors: Baltzer Rebecca A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
hen seeking a useful way to begin at the beginning, so to speak, in our consideration of the motet in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, I decided to choose a clausula-based motet complex that exemplified as many different types of thirteenth-century motets as possible. The motet complex whose various texts are numbered 315-21 in Ludwig and Gennrich’s cata logues, all built on a single Et gaudebit clausula from the Ascension Alleluia Non vos relinquam (M24), is perhaps the most widely traveled in the thirteenth century. The verse of the Alleluia, which comes from John 14:18, is a state ment made by Christ to his disciples: “Non vos relinquam orphanos, vado et venio ad vos et gaudebit cor vestrum” (I will not leave you orphans; I go away, and I come to you, and your heart shall rejoice).
Love and Death in the Fifteenth-Century Motet: A Reading of Busnoys’s Anima mea liquefacta est/Stirps Jesse
Authors: Higgins Paula 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Recent critical interpretations of late fifteenth-century works continue to offer stunning examples of how the ostensibly devotional music of Josquin, Obrecht, and their contemporaries conceals a “signifying universe,” a network of symbols, which, once unraveled, often yields latent clues about the extra liturgical circumstances motivating the musical creation. Hitherto unimagin able hermeneutic horizons for late medieval music have unfolded in the wake of Reinhard Strohm’s demonstration that an array of seemingly unrelated can tus firmi in Obrecht’s St. Donatian Mass illustrates specific details of the life of the Bruges merchant Donaes de Moor, whose widow endowed the Mass; Michael Long’s exegesis of Josquin’s Missa Di Dadi as a metaphorical medieval dice game; Jennifer Bloxam’s revelation that the cantus firmi of the Missae Floruit egregiis by Pipelare and La Rue narrate the lives and careers of their composers;4 and Patrick Macey’s reading of Josquin’s motet Misericordias Do mini as a musical therapeutic for a dying monarch. Alerting us to the meaning-laden potential of seemingly conventional liturgical texts and cantus firmi, these studies encourage us to develop a similarly sensitive eye even when the work itself fails specifically to hint at a meaningful context.
Josquin, Good King René, and O bone et dulcissime Jesu
Authors: Macey Patrick 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Students of Josquin’s music must wrestle with a series of difficult problems, not the least of which is the construction of a chronology for his works. The lack of securely datable sources, indeed of hardly any sources datable before approximately 1490, when Josquin had already reached middle age, makes the task especially daunting. As well, there are still gaps in Josquin’s biography, so that his activities and patrons remain shrouded in mystery for important parts of his career. We have no records concerning Josquin’s early years or his training-presumably as a choirboy in northern France at the collegiate church of St-Quentin, if a French seventeenth-century source is accurate.1 The main centers of Josquin’s activity seem to have been in Italy, but recently new evidence indicates that he also worked in France, and this will have a direct bearing on material presented in this study.
Byrd, the Catholics, and the Motet: The Hearing Reopened
Authors: Craig Monson 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Thirty years ago Joseph Kerman, following Edward Lowinsky’s lead in dis cussing Clemens, first suggested that sixteen or so of Byrd’s motets, employing metaphors such as the plight of Jerusalem, the Babylonian captivity, the Egyptian captivity, liberation, and the coming of God, or martyrdom, had been “politically” conceived, specifically to reflect the plight of persecuted English Catholics (see Table 16. 1). Kerman took up this idea again in 1979, and in 1981 offered further refinements in a summation that has remained his last word on this intriguing issue. More recently, in the course of editing Byrd’s last great collection of Latin music, Gradualia, Philip Brett perceptively clarified the “political” character of that most overtly Catholic publication. Drawing upon revealing textual glosses in the Douai Bible to scriptural texts favored by Byrd, Brett reinforced the links to the Old Religion, and suggested alliances between the composer and the Jesuit mission to England.
Viral Sex
Authors: Goudsmit Jaap 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The AIDS threat has mobilized an unprecedented research effort to understand and control the disease. We have discovered its agent, HIV, the human immunodeficiency virus. Every day we know more about this complex retrovirus and how it works, but we still lack an effective defense strategy. This book will give the nonspecialist an AIDS overview and a vantage point from which to observe and support the continuing struggle with HIV. It also will urge that we look beyond this deadly virus. As we seek vaccines and therapies to stop its fatal course, we must understand that the real cause of AIDS is not HIV. It is the environmental context that allowed the virus to escape its natural host and enter the human population at this particular time in history. The question is why, after millenia of contact between African monkeys and humans, has SIV (Simian immunodeficiency virus) only now entered the human population in plague proportions? Is its introduction a purely random and natural disaster, or is it somehow the result of human social and cultural evolution? This book explains how human encroachment on the African monkey habitat set up conditions that made it possible and almost likely that the virus would successfully jump to a new host, with the consequences that we now see as the world wide AIDS epidemic. It presents the full history of the various subtypes of the virus, and the epidemics they cause, and assembles the future threats in every region of the world. The book argues that facing our responsibility for the AIDS outbreak holds the key to reversing the damage. If we study our actions and this lethal natural reaction, we can find ways to halt the AIDS and prevent similar plagues that could erupt in the future.
HIV-0 and HIV-1: The Chimpanzee Connection
Authors: Goudsmit Jaap 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We have proposed that the former German colony of Cameroon is the birthplace of HIV-1, the main cause of AIDS around the world. This idea gains strength from the fact that the same area is quite clearly the birthplace of HIV-0. Closely related to HIV-1, this virus is less well known because it has stayed close to home, infecting only a few people in Cameroon and Gabon. Its discovery was published in 1990 by van der Groen and Piot of the Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM) in Antwerp.
A year earlier, a nineteen-year-old teacher from Cameroon felt ill while visiting Belgium for a brushup course. Testing at the ITM found she had antibodies to HIV-1. The ITM also tested a sample from March 1987, on file for this teacher, which showed she was positive at that time. The next finding was a big surprise. When isolated, her virus strain (Ant 70) was clearly not HIV-2 but also did not look like HIV-1. If it was an HIV-1 strain, it was the most divergent ever seen. Still, the immune response of the Cameroonian teacher suggested this virus was related to HIV-1.
Beyond SIV and HIV: The Cat Connection
Authors: Goudsmit Jaap 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The roots of AIDS and the AIDS virus go back before ancient Egypt and also beyond primates, as this chapter will show. But as we dig into its past, we must always remember: the virus is old and found in many species, but AIDS is new and found only in humans, with perhaps only the house cat as an odd exception. This deadly disease occurred only after harmless retroviruses of monkeys jumped, for one reason or another, to us. Instead of learning to thrive in another kind of monkey, they had to thrive in a whole new species of host. The result was three human viruses, as far as we know: HIV-0, HIV-1, and HIV-2. All cause AIDS, but each has its own history, pattern of spread, and level of lethality for the host. Of the two we know best, HIV-2 apparently had frequent passages in monkeys and needed only a few in humans to achieve optimal transmission, at small cost to the host population. In contrast, HIV-1 had rare passages in primates and needed many passages in humans to achieve optimum transmission, at much larger cost to the host population.
Introduction
Authors: D’Agostino Fred 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
“[O]ur exercise of political power is fully proper only when it is exercised in accordance with a constitution the essentials of which all citizens as free and equal may reasonably be expected to endorse in the light of principles and ideals acceptable to their common human reason. This is the liberal principle of legitimacy.” I try to show in this book how we can best deploy this idea of public justification, a key idea in recent, broadly ‘liberal’ political theorizing about normative political claims. I proceed in three parts.
In Part I, “Construction,” I try to spell out what is involved in the idea of public justification. In particular, I identify a number of different conceptions of this concept and a number of desiderata that would have to be satisfied by any conception of that concept adequate to play the role of that concept. I group these desiderata into two families, which I call realistic and moralistic, and try to show how the various conceptions of the concept of public justification express or embody these desiderata.
The Idea of Public Justification
Authors: D’Agostino Fred 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The problem of public justification is that of determining whether or not a given regime is legitimate and therefore worthy of our loyalty or, instead, illegitimate and therefore, presumably, to be transformed or resisted if possible. This problem arises and may be difficult to solve because it may not be possible to identify a public conception of public justification. In order to pose this problem clearly, I am going to consider this concept and some of its dimensions. I will then identify some different conceptions of this concept and show how they are ranged along the various dimensions I have identified. Before doing so, I will consider some preliminary matters. (Critical analysis begins in Chapter 6.)
Assessing the Solution
Authors: D’Agostino Fred 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is not enough to overcome the suspicion that there is no solution to the ‘problem of public justification’ merely to offer a candidate-solution, as I have done in Chapter 9. It will also be necessary to defend that solution and, in particular, to show that it does not fall foul of the difficulties by which other candidate-solutions, on my account, are beset. This is my project in this chapter, where I will try to show the following: delegates do adequately ‘represent’ the interests of their principals (sec. 36); the prospects for convergence on some substantive set of constitutional principles are no worse on my account than they are likely to be on others (sec. 37); and my conception of public justification, embodied in the ‘wave model’, does in adequate measure satisfy the desiderata on such conceptions that jointly constitute the ideal of public justification (sec. 38).
Conclusion
Authors: D’Agostino Fred 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I think it is clear, as promised, that the ‘wave model’ approach to public justification is political, rather than substitutionist. (See secs. 31 and 32.) It will be helpful, and will complement the arguments of Chapter 10, to consider how this approach fares with respect to the strengths and weaknesses of the competing, substitutionist approach. This is my project in section 39. I then consider, in section 40, a number of purely descriptive issues that couldn’t elsewhere easily be integrated into the stream of argumentation. In the final section (sec. 41), I propose a slightly modified understanding, or perhaps just re-emphasize a neglected interpretation of Gallie’s essential contestability thesis, and I show what this interpretation implies about our understanding of philosophical activity.