bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supply Chain Transparency and Blockchain Design
Authors: Cui Yao , Gaur Vishal , Liu Jingchen 
Published: November 2023

Companies that are investing in blockchain technology to enhance supply chain transparency face challenges in fostering collaborations with others and deciding what information to share. Transparency over the actions of supply chain partners can improve operational decisions, but sharing own data on the blockchain can put firms at a competitive disadvantage. In this paper, we investigate the resulting questions of when blockchain should be adopted in a supply chain and how it should be designed by analyzing two ways that it can enhance supply chain transparency: making the manufacturer’s sourcing cost transparent to the buyers (i.e., vertical cost transparency) and making the ordering status of buyers transparent to each other (i.e., horizontal order transparency). Given such transparency, firms can design a smart contract that automates transactions contingent on the revealed information and enables them to realize better equilibrium outcomes. We find that blockchain increases supply chain profit only when the manufacturer’s capacity is large and decreases supply chain profit otherwise. If the capacity is sufficiently large to eliminate the buyers’ competition, blockchain leads to a win–win–win and the incentives of all participants are naturally aligned. If the capacity is only moderately large, the manufacturer needs to compensate the buyers to facilitate a blockchain implementation. However, if the capacity is small, horizontal order transparency enabled by the blockchain mitigates the buyers’ overorder incentive to compete for the manufacturer’s capacity and increases double marginalization. For such cases, we show that a blockchain that only enables vertical cost transparency should (and can) still be adopted in a range of small capacity cases, and we propose an access control layer for the logistics data to implement such a blockchain. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, operations management. Funding: J. Liu was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72101110] and The MOE (Ministry of Education in China) Project of Humanities and Social Sciences [Grant 20YJC630084]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4851 .
‘Intraoperative predictors for clinical outcomes after microinvasive glaucoma surgery”
Authors: Rao Aparna , Mukherjee Sujoy 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
To evaluate the clinical applicability of intraoperative predictors for surgical outcomes after gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) and microincisional trabeculectomy (MIT).

Methods
Consecutive patients with primary, or secondary glaucoma (trauma, aphakic, or status post-retinal surgeries) with uncontrolled IOP>21mm Hg, who were scheduled to undergo GATT or MIT with or without significant cataract surgery, at a tertiary eye centre in East India between September 2021 to March 2023, were included. All surgeries were done by a single surgeon. Blanching and Trypan blue (0.4%) staining after intracameral injection using a 25 canula, were analysed in each video. The extent/pattern of blanching and blue staining in each eye was analysed objectively using an overlay of a circle with 12 sectors and a protractor tool to quantify the degrees or quadrants of blanching/staining. Multivariate regression was used to identify predictors for surgical success or the need for medications after surgery.

Result
Of 167 eyes that were included (male: female- 134: 33), 49 eyes and 118 eyes underwent GATT and MIT, respectively, with 81 of 167 eyes undergoing concurrent cataract surgery. All eyes had a significant reduction in the number of medications after surgery. Blanching was seen in 154 of 167 eyes in a mean of 2±1.8 quadrants with 41% of eyes showing a blanching effect in >3 quadrants. Of 99 of 167 eyes where Trypan blue staining was assessed, staining in a venular, diffuse haze, or reticular pattern of staining was seen in 73 eyes, 26 eyes showed blue staining in >2 quadrants, with 16% staining in >3 quadrants. Surgical success was not predicted by the quadrants of blanching, blue staining, or other clinical variables (age, visual field, baseline intraocular pressure, type of surgery). The variables significantly predicting the need for medications included blanch (r = -0.1, p = 0.03), and blue staining (r = -0.1, p = 0.04) in <2 quadrants.

Conclusions
Blanching and Trypan blue staining in >2 quadrants after GATT or MIT can serve as surrogate predictors for the need for medications. However more studies are mandated to find predictors for surgical success after GATT or MIT.
Ranked severe maternal morbidity index for population-level surveillance at delivery hospitalization based on hospital discharge data
Authors: Kuklina Elena V. , Ewing Alexander C. , Satten Glen A. , Callaghan William M. , Goodman David A. , Ferre Cynthia D. , Ko Jean Y. , Womack Lindsay S. , Galang Romeo R. , Kroelinger Charlan D. 
Published: November 2023

Background
Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) is broadly defined as an unexpected and potentially life-threatening event associated with labor and delivery. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) produced 21 different indicators based on International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) hospital diagnostic and procedure codes to identify cases of SMM.

Objectives
To examine existing SMM indicators and determine which indicators identified the most in-hospital mortality at delivery hospitalization.

Methods
Data from the 1993–2015 and 2017–2019 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project’s National Inpatient Sample were used to report SMM indicator-specific prevalences, in-hospital mortality rates, and population attributable fractions (PAF) of mortality. We hierarchically ranked indicators by their overall PAF of in-hospital mortality. Predictive modeling determined if SMM prevalence remained comparable after transition to ICD-10-CM coding.

Results
The study population consisted of 18,198,934 hospitalizations representing 87,864,173 US delivery hospitalizations. The 15 top ranked indicators identified 80% of in-hospital mortality; the proportion identified by the remaining indicators was negligible (2%). The top 15 indicators were: restoration of cardiac rhythm; cardiac arrest; mechanical ventilation; tracheostomy; amniotic fluid embolism; aneurysm; acute respiratory distress syndrome; acute myocardial infarction; shock; thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism; cerebrovascular disorders; sepsis; both DIC and blood transfusion; acute renal failure; and hysterectomy. The overall prevalence of the top 15 ranked SMM indicators (~22,000 SMM cases per year) was comparable after transition to ICD-10-CM coding.

Conclusions
We determined the 15 indicators that identified the most in-hospital mortality at delivery hospitalization in the US. Continued testing of SMM indicators can improve measurement and surveillance of the most severe maternal complications at the population level.
Lo demoníaco como fuerza de la naturaleza (Naturmagten) y su relación con el lenguaje en O lo uno o lo otro I de Kierkegaard
Authors: Rodríguez Yésica 
Published: November 2023

En “Los estadios eróticos inmediatos, o el erotismo musical” de O lo uno o lo otro I (OO I) aparece una relación entre la música y los límites del lenguaje, donde ésta es presentada como el límite de la palabra precisamente porque hace referencia a lo demoníaco en el sentido de la fuerza de la naturaleza (Naturmagten). La fuerza de la naturaleza no puede expresarse por medio de la palabra ya que ésta es inmediata y el lenguaje implica una mediación. Por tanto, sostenemos que en OO I, hay un inicio de la problematización del lenguaje y sus límites, en cuyo contexto se entiende lo demoníaco como fuerza de la naturaleza. En este sentido, en OO I, para el pseudónimo A, lo demoníaco representa lo que no puede manifestarse por medio del lenguaje, pero sí por medio de la música.
Marc Bloch Dnes
Authors: Matějka Ondřej 
Published: November 2023

Životu a dílu Marca Blocha, který byl v červnu 1944 popraven nacisty, se od 90. let 20. století věnuje zvýšená pozornost. Ve Francii po něm bylo pojmenováno několik škol a v Evropě i ve Spojených státech se stal sám předmětem historiografického studia.
Tento rostoucí zájem lze vysvětlit několika způsoby. Mediální pozornost věnovaná provokativním interpretacím jeho konfliktu s Lucienem Febvrem ohledně vydávání revue Annales v Německem okupované Paříži odráží vichistický syndrom francouzské kolektivní paměti. Blochovo zapojení do odboje bez stranické příslušnosti představuje pevný bod v období, kdy je role francouzského odboje za druhé světové války bolestně demytologizována. Navíc v době, kdy se dnešní Francie potýká s náboženským konfliktem, aktuálně rezonuje i jeho důsledné přihlášení se k republikánské asimilační tradici.
K Blochovu historiografickému odkazu se hlásí jak stoupenci pragmatické historiografie blízké Annales (G. Noiriel), kteří se odvolávají především na jeho válečný textový fragment - Apologie de l´histoire, tak představitelé školy, která je v jistém smyslu jeho konkurentem, tj. historie současnosti ztotožňované především s Henrym Roussoem, jež zdůrazňuje Blochovo svědectví o francouzské porážce v roce 1940 - L´étrange défaite. Zajímavé jsou také pokusy historiků o interpretaci Blochova rozhodnutí zapojit se do odboje navzdory pokročilému věku.
Comprehensive study of optical, thermal, and gamma-ray shielding properties of Bi2O3–ZnO–PbO–B2O3 glasses
Authors: Abualsayed Mohammad Ibrahim , Aloraini Dalal Abdullah , Almuqrin Aljawhara H. , Kumar Ashok 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Bi2O3–ZnO–PbO–B2O3 (BiZPB) glasses are prepared using the melt-quenching technique. As the concentration of lead oxide increases, the band gap energy (E
g) decreases from 2.864 to 2.671 eV. The BiZPB glasses exhibit remarkable stability under thermal stress, as indicated by the thermogravimetric analysis graph, with only a marginal 0.5% loss in their initial mass. The decrease in the glass transition temperature (T
g) of BiZPB glasses, with an increase in the PbO concentration, can be attributed to the specific influence of PbO on the glass structure and properties. The radiation shielding performance for the prepared glasses is evaluated using Phy-X software. The transmission factor (TF) for the 10B2O3–10ZnO–40PbO–40B2O3 glass sample is almost zero at 0.122 MeV, which means that this glass sample can attenuate almost all the photons with an energy of 0.122 MeV, whereas the TF values for this sample with thicknesses of 0.5 and 1 cm are 88 and 77%, respectively., it can be observed from the TF values that the prepared glasses have good attenuation performance against low energy (0.122, 0.245, and 0.344 MeV), while they have weak shielding performance against high energy radiation. The addition of PbO causes a reduction in TF, which means that the addition of an extra amount of PbO into the glasses results in an enhancement in the radiation shielding competence of the samples. The average half-value layer (

HVL

̅

\bar{{\rm{HVL}}}

) is also calculated. The results demonstrated that

HVL

̅

\bar{{\rm{HVL}}}

is at its lowest between 0.248 and 0.411 MeV, ranging between 0.396 and 0.513 cm.
Exploration of ketone derivatives of succinimide for their antidiabetic potential: In vitro and in vivo approaches
Authors: Talib Ayesha , Shah Shafiq Ali , Jan Muhammad Saeed , Ahsan Muhammad Zaeem , Munir Abubakr , Bukhari Ishfaq A. , Sadia Halima , Alomar Taghrid S. , AlMasoud Najla , Rauf Abdur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most challenging diseases among all the other diseases in the recent era, and it is a life-threatening disorder. The best enzymes to target for treating DM are α-glucosidase and α-amylase. For this purpose, we explored numerous succinimides with ketone functionalities. First, we explored these compounds for their in vitro analysis. Compounds 1 and 4 exhibited excellent inhibition of both enzymes in in vitro studies. These compounds displayed excellent activity with IC50 values of 3.69 and 1.526 µg·mL−1 against the α-glucosidase enzyme. In the α-amylase inhibitory assay, compound 1 has shown excellent potential with an IC50 value of 1.07 µg·mL−1 and compound 4 with an IC50 value of 0.115 µg·mL−1. Based on the in vitro analysis, the potent compounds were further subjected to their in vivo analysis. Before the in vivo analysis, the toxicity profile was checked, and it was confirmed that the compounds were safe at 1,500 µg·kg−1. Then, these compounds were subjected for their in vivo anti-diabetic potential in a mouse model of diabetes. Various concentrations of compounds 1 and 4 were explored by in vivo analysis using glibenclamide as a standard drug. The blood glucose level of the tested and control groups was measured at 0 to 15 days accordingly. Similarly, we also explored compounds 1 and 4 for the oral glucose tolerance test at 0–120 min using glibenclamide as the standard drug. Hence, the succinimide having ketone moiety displayed excellent potential against diabetes.
Comprehension and production of Kinyarwanda verbs in the Discriminative Lexicon
Authors: van de Vijver Ruben , Uwambayinema Emmanuel , Chuang Yu-Ying 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Discriminative Lexicon is a theory of the mental lexicon that brings together insights from various other theories: words are the relevant cognitive units in morphology, the meaning of a word is represented by its distribution in utterances, word forms and their meaning are learned by minimizing prediction errors, and fully connected networks successfully capture language learning. In this article we model comprehension and production of Kinyarwanda verb forms in the Discriminative Lexicon model. Kinyarwanda is a highly inflectional language, and therefore particularly interesting, because its paradigms are almost unlimited in size. Can knowledge of its enormous paradigms be modeled only on the basis of words? To answer this question we modeled a data set of 11,528 verb forms, hand-annotated for meaning and their grammatical functions, in the Linear Discriminative Learning (LDL), a two-layered, fully connected computational implementation of the Discriminative Lexicon model. We also extracted 573 verbs from our data set for which meanings are available that are based on empirical word embeddings obtained from large text corpora, and modeled them in LDL. Both comprehension and production is learned accurately: Kinyarwanda verb forms can be comprehended and produced relying on words as cognitive units, in a two-layered network, in which prediction errors are minimized.
Some pragmatic consequences to the order of determination of the object’s trichotomies in Peirce’s late semiotics
Authors: Borges Priscila , Franco Juliana Rocha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The issue of the ordering of the ten trichotomies is one among the many questions still open regarding Peirce’s extended theory of signs. A proper decision regarding the order of the ten trichotomies demands a discussion of the entire semiotic process. The aim of this paper is to discuss the order of the trichotomies related to the mode of being of the immediate and dynamical objects. Therefore, it addresses only one part of this process, which concerns the relationship between the sign and its objects. When subdividing the object, Peirce begins to consider the immediate and the dynamic objects as trichotomies, that is, aspects to be considered in the definition of the classes of signs. The introduction of these two trichotomies brings in a problem: how to order them in the system of ten trichotomies. Diverging opinions regarding this ordering are found in Peirce’s texts, and in his commentators. We will investigate this problem by seeking a sort of pragmatic clarification of the matter, presenting a reflection about the philosophical and semiotic consequences of the different proposals for the ordering of these trichotomies. Placing the dynamic object after the sign may even help to explain the functioning of fictional signs, but is this coherent with Peirce’s philosophy? On the other hand, would it be possible to talk about lying signs if every object was determined by its own sign?
Ecologies of Scale in the Age of Satellites and Television
Authors: Rust Amy 
Published: November 2023

A correction has been published: Corrigendum: Ecologies of Scale in the Age of Satellites and Television (https://mediaenviron.org/article/94073-corrigendum-ecologies-of-scale-in-the-age-of-satellites-and-television?auth_token=7M_EXWnApMu8gX62KbWd) This essay presents a theory of scale as a nonrepresentational interface, or crossing-point, to reappraise distance in approaches to remote viewing. To do so, it turns to the idea of “action at a distance,” particularly as described by Maurice Merleau-Ponty, as well as to the year 1968, when the photograph Earthrise, the Whole Earth Catalog, and shouts of “the whole world is watching” put a fine point on matters of scale for media such as satellites and television. Variously revered or reviled in this historical moment, these devices implied totalities for some and total fields for others, though in either case, it was distance that assured hierarchy and homogeny, according to critics and scholars. In the years since 1968, this distrust has typically held sway, shaping calls for immediacy as opposed to abstract distance in most accounts of scale. By contrast, this essay argues that distance preserves difference and, emphatically, dependence across vast and variegated milieus, making scale a site for mutual responsibility in addition to variance or invariance. Bearing this out, the essay concludes with considerations of scale in the films Medium Cool and 2001: A Space Odyssey, wherein distance ensures the entangled conditions by which just and unjust circumstances are made and unmade.
Exogenous L‐Alanine promotes phagocytosis of multidrug‐resistant bacterial pathogens
Authors: Jiang Ming , Chen Xin‐Hai , Li Hui , Peng Xuan‐Xian , Peng Bo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMultidrug‐resistant bacteria present a major threat to public health that urgently requires new drugs or treatment approaches. Here, we conduct integrated proteomic and metabolomics analyses to screen for molecular candidates improving survival of mice infected with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, which indicate that L‐Alanine metabolism and phagocytosis are strongly correlated with mouse survival. We also assess the role of L‐Alanine in improving mouse survival by in vivo bacterial challenge experiments using various bacteria species, including V. parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Functional studies demonstrate that exogenous L‐Alanine promotes phagocytosis of these multidrug‐resistant pathogen species. We reveal that the underlying mechanism involves two events boosted by L‐Alanine: TLR4 expression and L‐Alanine‐enhanced TLR4 signaling via increased biosynthesis and secretion of fatty acids, including palmitate. Palmitate enhances binding of lipopolysaccharide to TLR4, thereby promoting TLR4 dimer formation and endocytosis for subsequent activation of the PI3K/Akt and NF‐κB pathways and bacteria phagocytosis. Our data suggest that modulation of the metabolic environment is a plausible approach for combating multidrug‐resistant bacteria infection.
Effect of Balance Exercises with Smart Phone Based Virtual Reality Programme on Balance in Stroke Patients
Authors: MPT Nihitha Siriguppa , (NEURO) Prem Kumar B. N MPT 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Stroke is a neurological deficit, caused due to vascular changes. Impaired postural control and balance impairments in post stroke patients, associated with high risk of fall among the stroke patients. The perturbation - based balance training mainly used in older adults and balance impairment. Virtual reality (VR) as a novel technology is rapidly becoming a popular intervention for improving balance. VR can visualize the computer - generated environments with full field of view by Head mounted displays (HMD-VR) .This study was conducted to assess and investigate the effect of balance exercises with smart phone based virtual reality programme on balance in stroke patients. METHOD: This was a randomized single-group pre and post test study design. 30 subjects met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled, assigned and received intervention. Subjects were given perturbation based balance exercise and smart phone based virtual reality along with conventional physiotherapy. Intervention protocol was for 6 days/week for 4 weeks period. RESULTS: Following 4 weeks of intervention showed improvement in postural control and balance which was assessed using BBS, TUG, VR BESS, BESTest, SIS 3.0. Paired t test was used to differentiate the mean significance. The mean pre to post intervention difference is 12.6 with P value < 0.05. TUG score improved from pre to post intervention difference is 1.443 with P value < 0.05. VR BESS score improved from pre to post intervention difference is 10.266 with P value < 0.05. The mean BESTest pre to post intervention difference is 11.467 with P value < 0.05. SIS 3.0 score improved from pre to post intervention difference is 20.33 with P value < 0.05. The result of this study showed highly significant difference in pre and post treatment. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that perturbation based balance exercises with smart phone based virtual reality programme is a useful adjunct on improving balance in stroke patients along with conventional physiotherapy.
The Effect of Training Program on Nurses Performance Regarding Massage and Positive Body Touch of Preterm and Low Birth Weight Infants at NICU
Authors: Al-bayaidah Asmaa Ismail , Mourad Ghada Mohamed , Ismail Safaa Salah 
Published: November 2023

Background: Training programs focusing on massage and positive body touch can enhance nurses' knowledge and skills in providing appropriate and safe touch to preterm and low birth weight infants. Aim of the study: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of training program on nurses’ performance regarding massage and positive body touch of preterm and low birth weight infants at NICU. Research design: A quasi-experimental research design was used in this study. Setting: The study was conducted at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Pediatrics Departments Children's Hospital affiliated to Ain Shams University Hospitals. Subjects: A convenience sample of 30 nurse admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Data Collection Tools: Tools of the study consist of two tools, tool (1) A Structured Questionnaire sheet (2) Observational check list to assess nurse’s level of practice regarding massage and positive body touch of preterm and low birth weight infants at NICU. Results: More than three quraters of the studied nurses had satisfactory level of total knowledge regarding infant massage post educational program. Approximately three quarters of the studied nurses had satisfactory level of total knowledge regarding positive touch post educational program. Furthermore, more than half of the studied nurses had competent level of practice regarding infant massage post educational program and two thirds of them had competent level of practice regarding positive touch post program. Finally there is statically significant relation between nurses’ performance regarding massage and positive body touch pre and post educational program. Conclusion: It can conclude that the educational nursing program had a positive effect on the improvement of nurses’ knowledge, attitude and practices related to massage and positive touch. Recommendation: Periodical educational programs for the nurses to enhance their knowledge and practice of positive touch and massage of low birth weight and preterm in order to improve their performance level at NICU.