bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Possible transport pathways of diazotrophic Trichodesmium with Agulhas rings from the Indian Ocean into the Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Martin Bettina , Koppelmann Rolf , Harmer André , Plonus Rene-Marcel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Diazotrophic cyanobacteria such as Trichodesmium play a crucial role in the nitrogen budget of the oceans due to their capability to bind atmospheric nitrogen. Little is known about their interoceanic transport pathways and their distribution in upwelling regions. Trichodesmium has been detected using a Video Plankton Recorder (VPR) mounted on a remotely operated towed vehicle (TRIAXUS) in the southern and northern Benguela Upwelling System (BUS) in austral autumn, Feb/Mar 2019. The TRIAXUS, equipped with a CTD as well as fluorescence and nitrogen sensors, was towed at a speed of 8 kn on two onshore–offshore transects undulating between 5 and 200 m over distances of 249 km and 374 km, respectively. Trichodesmium was not detected near the coast in areas of fresh upwelling but was found in higher abundances offshore, mainly in subsurface water layers down to 80 m depth with elevated salinities on both transects. These salinity lenses can be related to northward moving eddies that have been detached from the warm and salty Agulhas Current. We provide the first indications that Trichodesmium can be transported with Agulhas rings from the Indian into the Atlantic Ocean.
Analysis of Risk Factors for Subsequent Fractures Following Percutaneous Kyphoplasty for Single-Segment Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures
Authors: Zhang Aiqi , Wang Xun , Lin Yichen , Kong Mingxiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to look into the risk factors for recurrent fractures following percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in patients with single-level osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF).
Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed the clinical data of 289 patients who underwent PKP for single-segment OVCF at our institution from January 2018 to December 2020. The patients were categorized into the refracture group (39 cases) and the non-refracture group (250 cases) based on whether new vertebral fractures occurred postoperatively. Sex, age, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes, bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis treatment, fracture level, bone cement injection volume, bone cement leakage, bone cement distribution, spinal scoliosis, pre-and postoperative Cobb angles, and vertebral height restoration rate were recorded. Univariate analysis was conducted to examine the correlation between variables and subsequent vertebral fractures. Subsequently, multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent risk factors.. Nonrestrictive cubic spline functions were employed to explore the correlations between the independent risk factors selected from the multivariate analysis.
Results: The univariate analysis revealedthat age, BMI, BMD, postoperative anti-osteoporosis treatment, fracture level, preoperative Cobb angle, and vertebral height restoration rate were significantly correlated with postoperative vertebral refracture after PKP (P<0.05). The results of the multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that a BMD less than -2.6 (odds ratio (OR)=0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI)0.45,0.90, P<0.05) and a vertebral height restoration rate greater than 9.8% (OR=1.40, 95% CI 1.17,1.68, P<0.01) were significantly linked to post-PKP recurrent fractures. The results of the nonrestrictive cubic spline function indicated a monotonic relationship between BMD and risk of PKP refracture. The risk of PKP refracture decreased with increased BMD after PKP surgery. The relationship between vertebral height restoration rate and the risk of PKP refracture followed a "U" shaped pattern. After the vertebral height restoration rate exceeded 9.8%, the risk of PKP refracture increased, reaching its highest point at 26.1% and then slightly declining.
Conclusions: BMD<-2.6 and a vertebral height restoration rate>9.8% are independent risk factors for postoperative vertebral refracture in patients with OVCF following PKP.
Drivers of the mean biases of the tropical atmospheric circulation in a moist static energy framework
Authors: Fan Chen-Shuo , Dommenget Dietmar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

In this study, we apply the moist static energy for first baroclinic mode (MSEB) model to examine the drivers of the mean tropical atmospheric circulation biases over oceanic regions. The model diagnoses the vertical motion in an air column of the tropical regions based on net energy heat flux and advection of moisture or heat into the air column in relation to the stability of the air column due to the gradients in moist static energy. Analysis of CMIP and AMIP simulations helped to identified errors intrinsic to the atmospheric models or errors due to atmosphere-ocean coupling process with a focus on some of the main large-scale biases (double-ITCZ, Pacific cold tongue, southward shift of ITCZ over the Atlantic, and dipole bias over the Indian Ocean). Despite some limitations of the MSEB model we find that the primary drivers of the tropical circulation biases result from biases in the top of the atmosphere long wave radiation and the surface latent heat flux, suggesting a link to biases in the hydrological cycle. Biases in the advection of moist static energy also play an important role, while biases in the gross moist stability profiles play only a minor role. Most biases are intrinsic to the atmospheric model, but some are significantly enhanced or altered in pattern in the coupled model simulations.
Estimation of sodium consumption in hypertensive patients based on urine sodium excretion: A Preliminary study
Authors: Usman Suharno 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Adults and children ingested an average of 8.0–4.7 grams (444.45–261.11 mmol) of sodium daily, with an average urine sodium excretion of 151.78–54.78 mmol/l. As a result, it is strongly advised to limit sodium intake. The objective of this study to investigate and identify sodium intake by estimating urinary sodium excretion in hypertensive patients. A cross-sectional assessment of the 24-hour urine collection procedure using the KME-03 salinity checker and blood pressure (BP). Estimates of average daily salt (sodium) consumption (6.44 grams; 110.104 mmol). Female participants had greater estimated average sodium intake than males (6.49 grams-110.99 mmol; 6.35 g-108.57 mmol). The correlation with systolic BP had a small significant negative correlation (r=-.330, p = .014) and positive correlation with diastolic BP (r = .343, p = .003). The participants' average urine salt excretion exceeded the reference norm and salt consumption was more than five g/d. Diverse population, repeated measurements, and determining the frequency of meals were needed.
Persian Typographical Error Type Detection Using Deep Neural Networks on Algorithmically-Generated Misspellings
Authors: Dehghani Mohammad , Faili Heshaam 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Spelling correction is a remarkable challenge in the field of natural language processing. The objective of spelling correction tasks is to recognize and rectify spelling errors automatically. The development of applications that can effectually diagnose and correct Persian spelling and grammatical errors has become more important in order to improve the quality of Persian text. The Typographical Error Type Detection in Persian is a relatively understudied area. Therefore, this paper presents a compelling approach for detecting typographical errors in Persian texts. Our work includes the presentation of a publicly available dataset called FarsTypo, which comprises 3.4 million words arranged in chronological order and tagged with their corresponding part-of-speech. These words cover a wide range of topics and linguistic styles. We develop an algorithm designed to apply Persian-specific errors to a scalable portion of these words, resulting in a parallel dataset of correct and incorrect words. By leveraging FarsTypo, we establish a strong foundation and conduct a thorough comparison of various methodologies employing different architectures. Additionally, we introduce a groundbreaking Deep Sequential Neural Network that utilizes both word and character embeddings, along with bidirectional LSTM layers, for token classification aimed at detecting typographical errors across 51 distinct classes. Our approach is contrasted with highly advanced industrial systems that, unlike this study, have been developed using a diverse range of resources. The outcomes of our final method proved to be highly competitive, achieving an accuracy of 97.62%, precision of 98.83%, recall of 98.61%, and surpassing others in terms of speed.
The CdSe nanoparticles surface corona proteins cause immunotoxicity affecting to nematode
Authors: Xu Xinyi , Shi Keru , Xie Hui , Chen Xueli 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The selenium and cadmium from waste streams were uptake by microorganism. Those engineered nanoparticles (BioQs), which coated by corona proteins in microorganism or released. However, there is a lack of multilevel toxicity validation and immunotoxicity evaluation on corona proteins in vivo. In this study, the toxicity evaluating and immune-toxicity of BioQs with corona protein was tested by Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) in vivo. The results showed that BioQs were superior to quantum dots (QDs) without the corona protein in the acute toxicity test, longevity and the body length experiments in nematodes. In the BioQs group, there was no significant effect on mobility of C. elegans because the the corona protein could reduce the oxidative stress response of C. elegans. However, BioQs would be detected to accumulate in the gonad if under BioQs long-term treatment (≥ 72 hours) by fluorescence microscopy. The effect of BioQs on the innate immune system of nematodes was examined by tracking the expression of early (HSF, f49f1.6, f56d6.2 and k08d8.5) and late (spp-1, nlp-31, lys-7 and lys-8) immune pathway genes. Genes related to the DAF-2/DAF-16 and PMK-1 pathway were up-regulated shortly after exposure to BioQs, but expression across all immune pathway genes was suppressed after extended times. The results showed that the treatment of heavy metal pollution from waste stream by microorganisms, in which metal nanoparticles were formed containing corona proteins, affects, and this issue deserves attention.
Managing Fusobacterium necrophorum-Induced Pneumonia and Septic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Geng Chen , Wang Suyun , Zhang Miao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this report, we summarize the nursing care administered to a patient with severe pneumonia and septic cardiomyopathy due to Fusobacterium necrophorum. The nursing care plan includes preventing and monitoring infections to avoid healthcare-associated infections, monitoring blood coagulation function, implementing anticoagulation measures, and adopting dynamic management. The plan also includes an anticipatory nursing management program for stress injury in critically ill patients, skin care to maintain skin integrity, early and gradual rehabilitation to prevent ICU-acquired debilitation, full-course follow-up, and an emphasis on the long-term quality of life of the survivors of critical illness. After receiving 18 days of specialized care, the patient's condition improved, and she was successfully discharged from the hospital after being transferred to the respiratory department. One year later, during the follow-up, the patient's life and work resumed normal.
Predictive nomogram for preoperative differential diagnosis of benign and malignant gallbladder lesions. Nomogram for diagnosis of gallbladder cancer
Authors: Wu Shurui , Zhao Jiahang , ran zikun , tang haowen , zhang yan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Gallbladder cancer is a rare and fatal malignant tumor, and difficult to be found in time due to the atypical symptoms. Early detection and treatment of gallbladder cancer is essential.
Methods
By evaluating the relationship between clinical features and contrast-enhanced ultrasound nature of 237 cases of gallbladder lesions, the preoperative predictors with differential diagnosis value for malignancy and benignity were identified and integrated into the nomogram by stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis. The predictive performance of the nomogram was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, calibration curve analysis and decision curve analysis, and compared with the prediction model combining neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and CA19-9. Bootstrap analysis was used for the interval validation.
Results
The nomogram predicting benign and malignant gallbladder lesions was constructed by the predictors with preoperative diagnostic value (L, DBil, gallbladder wall thickness and features of gallbladder lesions by CEUS). The C-statistic of the nomogram is 0.981 and superior than the C-statistic of the combination of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and CA19-9. The prediction accuracy, reliability and clinical utility were considerable in the performance evaluation. Internal validation of the nomogram was performed using Bootstrap with 1000 resamplings, yielding a Kappa value of 0.800 and an Accuracy of 0.911.
Conclusions
The predictive nomogram is conducive to the differentiation of benign and malignant gallbladder lesions and play an important guiding role in the clinical treatment decision-making process.
Diversity of Late Yangshao agricultural intensification at Xishanping, Gansu
Authors: Sheng Pengfei , Allen Edward , Wang Taizhi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Previous work at the Xishanping site, located in the upper Wei River basin in eastern Gansu Province, China, identified the earliest regional evidence for rice cultivation (5070 cal. yr BP).This study presents the first integrated archaeobotanical and isotopic research on charred cereal crop remains at Xishanping site obtain via flotation. This is combined with new archaeobotanical and cereal crop seed δ15N data suggests. We suggest that late Yangshao populations at Xishanping not only implemented a mixed-crop millet-based agricultural regime, but intensified their cultivation during the period 5300 − 4800 cal. yr BP. This study enriches current understandings of the spatial and temporal changes in agricultural practices in the late Neolithic Wei River Basin on the eve of the formation of complex society in north China.
Hyperoxia promotes osteogenic differentiation of diabetic tendon stem/progenitor cells via ROS/HIF-1a signaling axis
Authors: Zhang Ming , Dai Guang-Chun , Zhang Yuan-Wei , Lu Pan-Pan , Wang Hao , Li Ying-Juan , Rui Yun-Feng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Diabetic calcified tendinopathy is the leading cause of chronic pain, mobility restriction, and tendon rupture in patients with diabetes. Tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) play important roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic calcified tendinopathy. However, the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we first found that blood vessels and hemoglobin increased significantly in the Achilles tendons of diabetic rats, indicating the existence of a hyperoxic environment in diabetic tendons. We found that hyperoxia promoted the osteogenic differentiation of TSPCs in vitro. Simultaneously, hyperoxia caused the change of reactive oxygen species (ROS)/hypoxia-inducible factor-1a (HIF-1a) signaling axis in TSPCs. In addition, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) intervention showed that blocking the ROS/HIF-1a signaling axis significantly inhibited the enhanced osteogenic differentiation ability of TSPCs induced by hyperoxia. In vivo, animal experiments indicated that NAC effectively inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced calcification of Achilles tendons. In a word, hyperoxia promotes osteogenic differentiation of diabetic tendon stem/progenitor cells via ROS/HIF-1a signaling axis and provides a new theoretical basis for preventing and treating diabetic calcified tendinopathy.
Investigation of Temperature, Chirality, Size, and Boundary Conditions Effect on the Tensile Properties of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT) by Molecular Dynamic Approach.
Authors: Kabhi Ahsanul Alam , Tusher Md Mahamud Hasan , Rahman Maliha , Imam Alisan , Jabed Akib 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Tensile properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been determined using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. AtomsK® was used to generate the LAMMPS data file, and OVITO was used to visualize the dump file. The molecular dynamics study examined how temperature, strain rate, size of CNT, chirality, and boundary conditions might affect the tensile characteristics of a typical SWCNT. Five intermediate temperatures were chosen: 300 K, 350 K, 400 K, 450 K, and 500 K. The findings showed that strength decreased when the temperature rose due to structural changes, thermally induced faults, thermal deterioration, and thermal expansion. To further examine how strain rate affects the tensile behavior of the material at 300 K, three strain rates of 0.25x10− 3 Ps− 1, 0.5x10− 3 Ps− 1, and 1x10− 3 Ps− 1 were selected. It was shown that SWCNT networks displayed strain rate-dependent behavior, with greater strain rates resulting in higher strength values; this feature is known as strain rate sensitivity. Tensile properties were also observed for three different sizes of CNT. From computational results, it can be concluded that the tensile strength of SWCNT decreased with increasing in radius of SWCNT. Also, the mechanical properties of SWCNT for different chirality and boundary conditions were compared. It showed that the strength of the armchair arrangement was higher than the strength of the zig-zag orientation.
Airborne transmission efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian hamsters is not influenced by environmental conditions
Authors: Yinda Claude Kwe , Port Julia R. , Bushmaker Trenton , Schulz Jonathan E. , Gallogly Shane , Fischer Robert J. , Munster# Vincent J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Several human respiratory viruses display a clear seasonal pattern with a higher incidence in the winter season in temperate regions. We previously determined that SARS-CoV-2 is more stable at low-temperature and low-humidity conditions compared to warmer temperature and higher-humidity. To determine if this translates into differential airborne transmission rates in vivo, we performed airborne transmission experiments in the Syrian hamster model under three different environmental conditions (10°C, 45% relative humidity (RH), 22°C, 45%RH, and 27°C, 65%RH). We compared the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 Lineage A with the more transmissible Delta Variant of Concern (VOC). Airborne transmission was evaluated using SARS-CoV-2 infected donor animals at 24 hours post inoculation. Sentinels were placed at a 90cm distance in a transmission set-up and exposed for 1-hour to infected donor animals. While environmental conditions moderately impacted lung RNA titers, the shedding kinetics of the donors were not affected by the environmental conditions and did not differ significantly between variants on day 1. Overall, the highest transmission efficiency was observed at 22°C, 40%RH for Delta (62.5%, based on seroconversion), and ranged between 37.5–50% for all other conditions. However, these differences were not significant. To elucidate this further, we performed aerosol stability comparisons and found that infectious virus remained stable during a 1-hour time window across all conditions. Our data suggest that even when environmental conditions affect the stability of SARS-CoV-2, this may not directly be translatable to measurable impacts on transmission in an experimental setting when exposure time is restricted.
Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning Based On Partial Low-Quality Data
Authors: Wang Huiyong , Wang Qi , Ding Yong , Tang Shijie , Wang Yujue 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Traditional machine learning requires collecting data from participants for training, which may result in malicious acquisition of privacy in participants' data. Federated learning offers a method to protect participants' data privacy by transferring the training process from a centralized server to terminal devices. However, the server may still obtain participants' privacy information through inference attacks, among other methods. Additionally, the data provided by participants varies in quality, and excessive involvement of low-quality data in the training process can render the model unusable, which is an important issue in current mainstream Federated learning. To address the aforementioned issues, this paper presents a Privacy Preserving Federated learning Scheme with Partial Low-Quality Data (PPFL-LQDP). It achieves good training results while allowing participants to utilize partial low-quality data, thereby enhancing the privacy and ronutness of the Federated learning scheme. Specifically, we use a modified distributed Paillier cryptographic mechanism to protect the privacy and security of participants' data during the Federated training process. Simultaneously, we construct composite evaluation values for the data held by participants to reduce the involvement of low-quality data, thereby minimizing the negative impact of such data on the model. Through experiments on the MNIST dataset, we demonstrate that this scheme can complete the model training of Federated learning with the participation of partial low-quality data, while effectively protecting the security and privacy of participants' data. Comparisons with related schemes also show that our scheme has good overall performance.
Carbon capture in Latin American algal meadows: a case study on South American pacific coast
Authors: Cerna-Arrue Ariana , Aponte Héctor , Torres-Galarza Stephany 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Algal meadows can significantly contribute to carbon (C) capture; nevertheless, few studies on South American Pacific coast reserves are available. Evaluation of these stocks allows proposing better measures for the sustainable use of these habitats and maintaining their ecosystem services. This study aimed to estimate biomass distribution and quantify the C captured in algal meadows of Chondracanthus chamissoi on the Laguna Grande coastal lagoon (Ica-Peru). To calculate the biomass, the area occupied by each patch of algae in each sampling zone was delimited and transects perpendicular to the coast were used in randomly located plots. To calculate the biomass, randomly located plots of algae transecting perpendicular to the coast were located in each sampling zone and delimited. In the laboratory, the dry biomass and C content were measured (the latter using an elemental analyzer). Monthly variation in the distribution and area was identified. September 2021 presented the highest total biomass (50416.4 kg; 50.4 t) and C captured (13 t C) while from February to June no algal biomass was found. Significant differences were found in the biomass and C capture in the sampling zones, the months of C capture, and the interaction between these two variables. C capture decreases with warm months and more intensive algae extraction. Our results provide valuable information on the distribution of biomass and C captured over time in the study area, which will help create a more sustainable extraction process.