bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CCL19‐Positive Lymph Node Stromal Cells Govern the Onset of Inflammatory Arthritis via Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase
Authors: Schälter Fabian , Azizov Vugar , Frech Michael , Dürholz Kerstin , Schmid Eva , Hendel Anna , Sarfati Ilann , Maeda Yuichi , Sokolova Maria , Miyagawa Ippei , Focke Kristin , Sarter Kerstin , van Baarsen Lisa G. M. , Krautwald Stefan , Schett Georg , Zaiss Mario M. 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveThe study objective was to assess the role of CCL19+ lymph node stromal cells of the joint‐draining popliteal lymph node (pLN) for the development of arthritis.MethodsCCL19+ lymph node stromal cells were spatiotemporally depleted for five days in the pLN before the onset of collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) using Ccl19‐Cre × iDTR mice. In addition, therapeutic treatment with recombinant CCL19–immunoglobulin G (IgG), locally injected in the footpad, was used to confirm the results. RNA sequencing of lymph node stromal cells combined with T cell coculture assays using tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) family inhibitors together with in vivo local pLN small interfering RNA (siRNA) treatments were used to elucidate the pathway by which CCL19+ lymph node stromal cells initiate the onset of arthritis.ResultsSpatiotemporal depletion of CCL19+ lymph node stromal cells prevented disease onset in CIA mice. These inhibitory effects could be mimicked by local CCL19‐IgG treatment. The messenger RNA sequencing analyses showed that CCL19+ lymph node stromal cells down‐regulated the expression of the tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) just before disease onset. Blocking TrkA in lymph node stromal cells led to increased T cell proliferation in in vitro coculture assays. Similar effects were observed with the pan‐Trk inhibitor larotrectinib in cocultures of lymph node stromal cells of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and T cells. Finally, local pLN treatment with TrkA inhibitor and TrkA siRNA led to exacerbated arthritis scores.ConclusionCCL19+ lymph node stromal cells are crucially involved in the development of inflammatory arthritis. Therefore, targeting of CCL19+ lymph node stromal cells via TRK could provide a tool to prevent arthritis.
New Alpiniamide‐Type Polyketide with Antibiofilm Activities from the Marine‐Derived Streptomyces sp. ZS‐A65
Authors: Pu Fanqi , Fang Jiebin , Li Wenshuo , Zhang Bin , Hong Xinyi , Xu Lei , Li Xihui , Jiang Yongjun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTwo new alpiniamide‐type polyketides, alpiniamides H−I (1‐2), in addition to four recognized compounds, were discovered in Streptomyces sp. ZSA65 derived from the marine sediments. The planar structure and absolute configuration of alpiniamides H−I were elucidated using a combination of 1D, 2D NMR, HRESIMS data analysis, Mosher's method and ECD calculations. The antibiofilm and antibacterial activities against P. aeruginosa were evaluated using the microdilution method. Notably, Compound 2 exhibited strong antibiofilm property.
Neuropsychological profiles of adolescents sentenced to detention in Western Australia with and without prenatal alcohol exposure
Authors: Kerry Jed , Tan Grace Kuen Yee , Panton Kirsten R. , Mutch Raewyn , Freeman Jacinta , Passmore Hayley , Pestell Carmela F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground/AimsYouth with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) are under‐recognised in the justice system, warranting improved identification. This study aimed to compare neuropsychological profiles of adolescents, with and without PAE and identify neuropsychological tasks predictive of PAE‐group membership. It was hypothesised that participants with PAE would score significantly lower on neuropsychological tests.MethodsParticipants included 85 young people sentenced to detention (mean 15.7 years, 78 males), 46 with PAE. A one‐way‐multivariate analysis of variance tested differences in neuropsychological functioning between PAE/No‐PAE groups, while logistic regression determined tests predictive of PAE.ResultsNo statistically significant difference in test scores emerged between groups, and regression was not indicative of any models predictive of PAE‐group membership. Neuropsychological profiles were characterised by both strengths and weaknesses, with lower verbal and mathematical skills.Conclusion(s)While no statistically significant differences were found between the groups, the results provided a unique insight into the neurocognitive profile of Australian youth in detention. Routine screening assessments were recommended for young people sentenced to detention.
Support‐induced structural changes in CO2 hydrogenation to higher alcohols over metal/oxide catalysts
Authors: Li Xia , Song Mengyang , Zhou Ying , Zhou Penghui , Xu Di , Liu Tangkang , Hong Xinlin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCO2 emissions have received a great deal of attention in recent years. The hydrogenation of CO2 to higher alcohols (HA) by heterogeneous catalysis is a promising artificial carbon cycle pathway, which has important significance for mitigating energy and environmental problems. Among the heterogeneous catalysts, supported catalysts exhibit unique catalytic activity due to their abundance of surface‐tunable active sites such as oxygen vacancies, surface acidic/basic sites, and active hydroxyl groups. Given the complexity in the CO2 hydrogenation reaction networks, however, it is very challenging to reveal the nature and role of unique interfaces/sites induced by oxide support. Herein, we review the progress of several common oxide supports in the CO2 hydrogenation to HA over the last decades, and illustrate the regulatory mechanisms of the oxide‐induced synergy on the activation of intermediates and the C−C coupling reactions. Based on this, we also discuss the present challenges associated with the HA synthesis from CO2 hydrogenation, as well as the thinking oriented on oxide support‐induced structure changes to improve the selectivity and productivity of HA.
Photochemical Action Plots Reveal Red‐shifted Wavelength‐dependent Photoproduct Distributions
Authors: Carroll Joshua A. , Pashley‐Johnson Fred , Frisch Hendrik , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhotochemical action plots are a powerful tool for mapping photochemical reaction outcomes wavelength‐by‐wavelength. Typically, they map either the depletion of a reactant or the formation of a specific product as a function of wavelength. Herein, we exploit action plots to simultaneously map the formation of several photochemical products from a single chromophore. We demonstrate that the wavelength‐resolved mapping of two reaction products formed during the irradiation of a chalcone species not only shows wavelength dependence – exhibiting the typical strong red‐shift of the photochemical reactivity compared to the absorbance spectrum of the chromophore – but also a strong wavelength selectivity with remarkably different product distributions resulting from different irradiation wavelengths.
Super‐Resolution Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy with Graphical User Interface–Supported A‐PoD
Authors: Jang Hongje , Li Yajuan , Wu Shuang , Shi Lingyan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRaman microscopy is a vibrational imaging technology that can detect molecular chemical bond vibrational signals. Since this signal is originated from almost every vibrational mode of molecules with different vibrational energy levels, it provides spatiotemporal distribution of various molecules in living organisms without the need for any labeling. The limitations of low signal strength in Raman microscopy have been effectively addressed by incorporating a stimulated emission process, leading to the development of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy. Furthermore, the issue of low spatial resolution has been resolved through the application of computational techniques, specifically image deconvolution. In this article, we present a comprehensive guide to super‐resolution SRS microscopy using an Adam‐based pointillism deconvolution (A‐PoD) algorithm, complemented by a user‐friendly graphical user interface (GUI). We delve into the crucial parameters and conditions necessary for achieving super‐resolved images through SRS imaging. Additionally, we provide a step‐by‐step walkthrough of the preprocessing steps and the use of GUI‐supported A‐PoD. This complete package offers a user‐friendly platform for super‐resolution SRS microscopy, enhancing the versatility and applicability of this advanced microscopy technique to reveal nanoscopic multimolecular nature. © 2024 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Super‐resolution stimulated Raman scattering microscopy with graphical user interface–supported A‐PoDSupport Protocol: Deuterium labeling on cells with heavy water for metabolic imaging
Brief webcam test of hand movements predicts episodic memory, executive function, and working memory in a community sample of cognitively asymptomatic older adults
Authors: Li Renjie , Wang Xinyi , Lawler Katherine , Garg Saurabh , St George Rebecca J. , Bindoff Aidan D. , Bartlett Larissa , Roccati Eddy , King Anna E. , Vickers James C. , Bai Quan , Alty Jane 
Published: January 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONLow‐cost simple tests for preclinical Alzheimer's disease are a research priority. We evaluated whether remote unsupervised webcam recordings of finger‐tapping were associated with cognitive performance in older adults.METHODSA total of 404 cognitively‐asymptomatic participants (64.6 [6.77] years; 70.8% female) completed 10‐second finger‐tapping tests (Tasmanian [TAS] Test) and cognitive tests (Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery [CANTAB]) online at home. Regression models including hand movement features were compared with null models (comprising age, sex, and education level); change in Akaike Information Criterion greater than 2 (ΔAIC > 2) denoted statistical difference.RESULTSHand movement features improved prediction of episodic memory, executive function, and working memory scores (ΔAIC > 2). Dominant hand features outperformed nondominant hand features for episodic memory (ΔAIC = 2.5), executive function (ΔAIC = 4.8), and working memory (ΔAIC = 2.2).DISCUSSIONThis brief webcam test improved prediction of cognitive performance compared to age, sex, and education. Finger‐tapping holds potential as a remote language‐agnostic screening tool to stratify community cohorts at risk for cognitive decline.
Paired acoustic recordings and point count surveys reveal Clark's nutcracker and whitebark pine associations across Glacier National Park
Authors: Kovalenko Vladimir , Doser Jeffrey W. , Bate Lisa J. , Six Diana L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGlobal declines in tree populations have led to dramatic shifts in forest ecosystem composition, biodiversity, and functioning. These changes have consequences for both forest plant and wildlife communities, particularly when declining species are involved in coevolved mutualisms. Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) is a declining keystone species in western North American high‐elevation ecosystems and an obligate mutualist of Clark's nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana), an avian seed predator and disperser. By leveraging traditional point count surveys and passive acoustic monitoring, we investigated how stand characteristics of whitebark pine in a protected area (Glacier National Park, Montana, USA) influenced occupancy and vocal activity patterns in Clark's nutcracker. Using Bayesian spatial occupancy models and generalized linear mixed models, we found that habitat use of Clark's nutcracker was primarily supported by greater cone density and increasing diameter of live whitebark pine. Additionally, we demonstrated the value of performing parallel analyses with traditional point count surveys and passive acoustic monitoring to provide multiple lines of evidence for relationships between Clark's nutcracker and whitebark pine forest characteristics. Our findings allow managers to gauge the whitebark pine conditions important for retaining high nutcracker visitation and prioritize management efforts in whitebark pine ecosystems with low nutcracker visitation.
Analysing and evaluating environmental flows through hydrological methods in the regulated Indus River Basin
Authors: Mehmood Kashif , Tischbein Bernhard , Mahmood Rashid , Borgemeister Christian , Flörke Martina , Akhtar Fazlullah 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEnvironmental flows (EFs), essential for upholding the ecological integrity of rivers and aquatic habitats, have been disrupted significantly by diverting water for agricultural, industrial and domestic uses. This underscores the imperative of implementing sustainable water resource management to harmonize agricultural and environmental needs. The study was conducted in the Indus River Basin (IRB), a region extensively transformed by human interventions. EFs were determined through various techniques, including the flow duration curve shifting method, flow duration curve analysis, low‐flow indices, the Tennant method, the Smakhtin approach, the Tessmann method and the Pastor method. Analysing the estimated EFs alongside downstream flows unveiled specific timeframes (days, months and seasons) of unmet EF requirements. To safeguard the downstream ecosystems, the following EFs were estimated for the respective locations: 880 m3/s (38% of the mean annual flow [MAF]) for the Indus River at Tarbela Dam, 412 m3/s (48% of the MAF) for the Jhelum at Mangla Dam, 425 m3/s (44% of the MAF) for the Chenab at Marala headworks, 389 m3/s (56% of MAF) for the Ravi at Balloki headworks, 184 m3/s (50% of MAF) for the Sutlej at Sulemanki headworks and 231 m3/s (38% of MAF) below Kotri Barrage. The study revealed that violations of EFs occurred 41%, 43%, 44% and 52% of the time during the study period for the Chenab at Marala headworks, the Ravi at Balloki headworks, the Sutlej at Sulemanki headworks and the Indus River at the Kotri Barrage, respectively. The results highlighted that the Chenab, Ravi and Sutlej rivers are particularly susceptible to vulnerability, as the estimated EFs were not consistently upheld in these rivers. These findings underscore the urgent need to take appropriate measures to ensure EFs are not violated, thus safeguarding the downstream ecosystems.
Multifactorial risk factors for hospital readmissions among patients with symptoms of advanced heart failure
Authors: Malhotra Chetna , Chaudhry Isha , Keong Yeo Khung , Sim Kheng Leng David 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsEconomic burden of heart failure is attributed to hospital readmissions. Previous studies assessing risk factors for readmissions have focused on single group of risk factors, were limited to 30‐day readmissions, or did not account for competing risk of mortality. This study investigates the biological, socio‐economic, and behavioural risk factors predicting hospital readmissions while accounting for the competing risk of mortality.Methods and resultsIn this prospective cohort study, we recruited 250 patients hospitalized with symptoms of advanced heart failure [New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III and IV] between July 2017 and April 2019. We analysed their baseline survey data and their hospitalization records over the next 4.5 years (July 2017 to January 2022). We used a joint‐frailty model to determine the multifactorial risk factors for all‐cause and unplanned hospital readmissions and mortality. At the time of recruitment, patients' mean (SD) age was 66 (12) years, majority being male (72%) and NYHA class IV (68%) with reduced ejection fraction (72%). 87% of the patients had poor self‐care behaviours, 51% had diabetes and 56% had weak grip strength. Within 2 years of a hospital admission, 74% of the patients had at least one readmission. Among all readmissions during follow‐up, 68% were unplanned. Results from the multivariable regression analysis shows that the independent risk factors for hospital readmissions were biologic—weak grip strength [hazard ratio (95% CI): 1.59 (1.06, 2.13)], poor functional status [1.79 (0.98, 2.61)], diabetes [1.42 (0.97, 1.86)]; behavioural—poor self‐care [1.66 (0.84, 2.49)], and socio‐economic—preference for maximal life extension at high cost for those with high education [1.98 (1.17, 2.80)]. Risk factors for unplanned hospital readmissions were similar. A higher hospital readmission rate increased the risk of mortality [1.86 (1.23, 2.50)]. Other risk factors for mortality were biologic—weak grip strength [3.65 (0.57, 6.73)], diabetes [2.52 (0.62, 4.42)], socio‐economic—lower education [2.45 (0.37, 4.53)], and being married [2.53 (0.37, 4.69)]. Having a private health insurance [0.40 (0.08, 0.73)] lowered the risk for mortality.ConclusionsRisk factors for hospital readmissions and mortality are multifactorial. Many of these factors, such as weak grip strength, diabetes, poor self‐care behaviours, are potentially modifiable and should be routinely assessed and managed in cardiac clinics and hospital admissions.
Palladium(II)‐Imidoyl Complexes: A New Piece in the Puzzle of Organopalladium Anticancer Agents
Authors: Bortolamiol Enrica , Novaselich Sofia , Tupini Chiara , Fagnani Sofia , Gambari Roberto , Demitri Nicola , Lampronti Ilaria , Visentin Fabiano , Scattolin Thomas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOur search of new organopalladium compounds able to promote an effective antiproliferative action towards ovarian cancer cells continues. In this paper we have examined for the first time the anticancer activity of palladium imidoyl complexes, for which two different types of phosphines have been chosen as ancillary ligands: i) PTA and DAPTA to take advantage from their solubility in aqueous environment, and ii) dppf for combining the action of the Pd‐imidoyl fragment with that, well‐known, of ferrocene. The synthetic protocols as well as the exhaustive characterisation of the complexes through spectroscopic and diffractometric methods are described. In vitro tests carried out to assess the cytotoxicity of the new compounds towards two ovarian cancer cell lines (one cisplatin sensitive and the other cisplatin resistant) have revealed an interesting effect of the halide coordinated to the palladium centre (halogen effect). Moreover, all complexes have shown the same activity against the cisplatin‐sensitive (A2780) and cisplatin‐resistant (A2780cis) cell lines, suggesting a different mode of action with respect to the “classical” platinum‐based drugs. Finally, a selection of the most active compounds has shown an interesting selectivity towards ovarian cancer cells.
Effectiveness of repairing yielding anchor rods in exposed column bases in steel structures
Authors: Lin Kun‐Sian , Kurata Masahiro , Pettinga Didier , Suzuki Yoshitaka , Matsuo Shintaro , Perea Tiziano , Ito Michio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOne of the features of Japanese structural steel design is an economical design option for yielding exposed column bases before first‐story columns, namely weak‐base/strong‐column design, which is unlike the strict capacity design for column bases. This study aims to develop a repair methodology that identifies damage states of the yielding column bases and anchor rods, and selects appropriate repair/retrofit methods. As a standard repair method for damaged exposed‐type column bases, the applicability and effectiveness of the re‐tightening process of anchor rods need to be examined. This study first reviews the literature on standard retrofit techniques for column bases and required deformation capacity of ductile anchor rods. The threaded anchor rod deformation capacity with different steel grades and screw threads commonly used were tested to clarify the required ductility. To clarify the reparability of exposed column bases, numerical models of four‐ and six‐story steel moment resisting frame buildings were developed and validated by shaking table test results. The results show that this simple repair method was proven to be effective through the test program and numerical analysis and it's not always applicable for standard anchor rods assumed for pin or fixed column bases designed to remain elastic. Finlly, a repair methodology and flow chart that identifies the damage states of anchor rods and selects appropriate repair/retrofit methods for the exposed steel column base was suggested and applied to the simulation results.
Strengths and weaknesses of acoustic pipe microphone systems in ephemeral, sandy, gravel‐bed rivers
Authors: Stark Kyle , Cadol Daniel , Varyu David , Halfi Eran , Laronne Jonathan B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe calibrated an acoustic pipe microphone system to monitor bedload flux in a sandy, gravel‐bed ephemeral channel. Ours is a first attempt to test the limit of an acoustic surrogate bedload system in a channel with a high content of sand. Calibrations varied in quality; significant data subsetting was required to achieve R2 values >0.75. Several data quality issues had to be addressed: (1) apparent pulses, which occur when a sensor records an impulse from sediment impacting the surrounding substrate rather than directly impacting the sensor, were frequent, especially at higher signal amplifications. (2) The impact sensors were frequently covered by gravel sheets. This prompted the development of a cover detection protocol that rejected part of the impact sensor record when at least one sensor was partially or fully covered. (3) Because of the lack of sensor sensitivity to impacts of sand‐sized particles, which was anticipated, and the considerable sand component of bedload in this channel, a grain size‐limited bedload flux was estimated. This was accomplished by sampling the bedload captured by slot samplers and evaluating the variation of grain size with increasing flow strength. This considerably improved the results when compared to attempts at estimating the flux of the entire distribution of grain sizes. This calibration is a successful first attempt, though the impact sensors required several site‐specific calibration steps. A universal set of equations using impact sensors to estimate bedload transport of fine‐gravel with a large content of sand remains elusive. Notwithstanding, our study demonstrates the utility of impact sensor data, producing relatively low root mean square errors that are independent of measurements of flow strength (i.e. discharge). These tools will be particularly useful in settings that would benefit from new methodologies for estimating bedload transport in sand‐rich gravel‐bed rivers, such as the American desert Southwest.
Early anthropoid primates: New data and new questions
Authors: Chaimanee Yaowalak , Chavasseau Olivier , Lazzari Vincent , Soe Aung N. , Sein Chit , Jaeger Jean‐Jacques 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlthough the evolutionary history of anthropoid primates (monkeys, apes, and humans) appears relatively well‐documented, there is limited data available regarding their origins and early evolution. We review and discuss here the earliest records of anthropoid primates from Asia, Africa, and South America. New fossils provide strong support for the Asian origin of anthropoid primates. However, the earliest recorded anthropoids from Africa and South America are still subject to debate, and the early evolution and dispersal of platyrhines to South America remain unclear. Because of the rarity and incomplete nature of many stem anthropoid taxa, establishing the phylogenetic relationships among the earliest anthropoids remains challenging. Nonetheless, by examining evidence from anthropoids and other mammalian groups, we demonstrate that several dispersal events occurred between South Asia and Afro‐Arabia during the middle Eocene to the early Oligocene. It is possible that a microplate situated in the middle of the Neotethys Ocean significantly reduced the distance of overseas dispersal.