bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of problem solving appraisal and support in the relationship between stress exposure and posttraumatic stress symptoms of military spouses and service member partners
Authors: Sullivan Kathrine S. , Park Yangjin , Richardson Sabrina , Stander Valerie , Jaccard James 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUsing a stress process lens, this paper considers the interrelationship between individual and family‐level stress exposures and military spouse resources, including problem‐solving appraisals and problem‐solving support (PSS), and their associations with posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) among both partners in military marital dyads. The study employs data from the Millennium Cohort Family Study, a longitudinal survey of married military dyads, with an initial panel of 9,872 spouses enroled from 2011 to 2013. A structural equation model explored the associations between service member and spouse childhood maltreatment exposure, nonmilitary and military stressors, as well as interactions with spouse resources on self‐reported PTSS among both service member (SM) and spouse (SP). Among our findings, spouse childhood maltreatment muted later self‐reported problem‐solving appraisal and support. Spouse resources, in turn, had both protective (problem‐solving appraisal) and promotive (problem‐solving support) effects on PTSS for both service members and spouses. These findings emphasise the central role of spouses in military families, as more psychological resources among spouses appeared to buffer against the deleterious effects of stress exposure on both their own and their partners mental health.
Strategies Toward High Selectivity, Activity, and Stability of Single‐Atom Catalysts
Authors: Ren Yujing , Wang Jinyong , Zhang Mingyue , Wang Yuqing , Cao Yuan , Kim Dong Ha , Liu Yan , Lin Zhiqun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts (SACs) hold immense promise in facilitating the rational use of metal resources and achieving atomic economy due to their exceptional atom‐utilization efficiency and distinct characteristics. Despite the growing interest in SACs, only limited reviews have holistically summarized their advancements centering on performance metrics. In this review, first, a thorough overview on the research progress in SACs is presented from a performance perspective and the strategies, advancements, and intriguing approaches employed to enhance the critical attributes in SACs are discussed. Subsequently, a comprehensive summary and critical analysis of the electrochemical applications of SACs are provided, with a particular focus on their efficacy in the oxygen reduction reaction , oxygen evolution reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction , CO2 reduction reaction, and N2 reduction reaction . Finally, the outline future research directions on SACs by concentrating on performance‐driven investigation, where potential areas for improvement are identified and promising avenues for further study are highlighted, addressing challenges to unlock the full potential of SACs as high‐performance catalysts.
Engineering Ultrasoft Interactions in Stiff All‐DNA Dendrimers by Site‐Specific Control of Scaffold Flexibility
Authors: Adžić Nataša , Jochum Clemens , Likos Christos N. , Stiakakis Emmanuel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA combined experimental and theoretical study of the structural correlations in moderately concentrated suspensions of all‐DNA dendrimers of the second generation (G2) with controlled scaffold rigidity is reported here. Small‐angle X‐ray scattering experiments in concentrated aqueous saline solutions of stiff all‐DNA G2 dendritic constructs reveal a novel anomalous liquid‐like phase behavior which is reflected in the calculated structure factors as a two‐step increase at low scattering wave vectors. By developing a new design strategy for adjusting the particle's internal flexibility based on site‐selective incorporation of single‐stranded DNA linkers into the dendritic scaffold, it is shown that this unconventional type of self‐organization is strongly contingent on the dendrimer's stiffness. A comprehensive computer simulation study employing dendritic models with different levels of coarse‐graining, and two theoretical approaches based on effective, pair‐potential interactions, remarkably confirmed the origin of this unusual liquid‐like behavior. The results demonstrate that the precise control of the internal structure of the dendritic scaffold conferred by the DNA can be potentially used to engineer a rich palette of novel ultrasoft interaction potentials that could offer a route for directed self‐assembly of intriguing soft matter phases and experimental realizations of a host of unusual phenomena theoretically predicted for ultrasoft interacting systems.
Integrated Sensors for Soft Medical Robotics
Authors: Qiu Yulin , Ashok Aditya , Nguyen Chi Cong , Yamauchi Yusuke , Do Thanh Nho , Phan Hoang‐Phuong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMinimally invasive procedures assisted by soft robots for surgery, diagnostics, and drug delivery have unprecedented benefits over traditional solutions from both patient and surgeon perspectives. However, the translation of such technology into commercialization remains challenging. The lack of perception abilities is one of the obstructive factors paramount for a safe, accurate and efficient robot‐assisted intervention. Integrating different types of miniature sensors onto robotic end‐effectors is a promising trend to compensate for the perceptual deficiencies in soft robots. For example, haptic feedback with force sensors helps surgeons to control the interaction force at the tool‐tissue interface, impedance sensing of tissue electrical properties can be used for tumor detection. The last decade has witnessed significant progress in the development of multimodal sensors built on the advancement in engineering, material science and scalable micromachining technologies. This review article provides a snapshot on common types of integrated sensors for soft medical robots. It covers various sensing mechanisms, examples for practical and clinical applications, standard manufacturing processes, as well as insights on emerging engineering routes for the fabrication of novel and high‐performing sensing devices.
Superstructured Carbon with Enhanced Kinetics for Zinc‐Air Battery and Self‐Powered Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Wei Jiamin , Lou Jiali , Hu Weibo , Song Xiaokai , Wang Haifeng , Yang Yang , Zhang Yaqi , Jiang Ziru , Mei Bingbao , Wang Liangbiao , Yang Tinghai , Wang Qing , Li Xiaopeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe present study proposes a novel engineering concept for the customization of functionality and construction of superstructure to fabricate 2D monolayered N‐doped carbon superstructure electrocatalysts decorated with Co single atoms or Co2P nanoparticles derived from 2D bimetallic ZnCo‐ZIF superstructure precursors. The hierarchically porous carbon superstructure maximizes the exposure of accessible active sites, enhances electron/mass transport efficiency, and accelerates reaction kinetics simultaneously. Consequently, the Co single atoms embedded N‐doped carbon superstructure (Co‐NCS) exhibits remarkable catalytic activity toward oxygen reduction reaction, achieving a half‐wave potential of 0.886 V versus RHE. Additionally, the Co2P nanoparticles embedded N‐doped carbon superstructure (Co2P‐NCS) demonstrates high activity for both oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction, delivering low overpotentials of 292 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and 193 mV at 10 mA cm−2 respectively. Impressively, when employed in an assembled rechargeable Zn‐air battery, the as‐prepared 2D carbon superstructure electrocatalysts exhibit exceptional performance with a peak power density of 219 mW cm−2 and a minimal charge/discharge voltage gap of only 1.16 V at 100 mA cm−2. Moreover, the cell voltage required to drive an overall water‐splitting electrolyzer at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 is merely 1.69 V using these catalysts as electrodes.
Triple‐Mechanism Enhanced Flexible SiO2 Nanofiber Composite Hydrogel with High Stiffness and Toughness for Cartilaginous Ligaments
Authors: Ma Yvqing , Gong Jixian , Li Qiujin , Liu Xiuming , Qiao Changsheng , Zhang Jianfei , Zhang Songnan , Li Zheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHydrogels are widely used in tissue engineering, soft robotics and wearable electronics. However, it is difficult to achieve both the required toughness and stiffness, which severely hampers their application as load‐bearing materials. This study presents a strategy to develop a hard and tough composite hydrogel. Herein, flexible SiO2 nanofibers (SNF) are dispersed homogeneously in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix using the synergistic effect of freeze‐drying and annealing through the phase separation, the modulation of macromolecular chain movement and the promotion of macromolecular crystallization. When the stress is applied, the strong molecular interaction between PVA and SNF effectively disperses the load damage to the substrate. Freeze‐dried and annealed‐flexible SiO2 nanofibers/polyvinyl alcohol (FDA‐SNF/PVA) reaches a preferred balance between enhanced stiffness (13.71 ± 0.28 MPa) and toughness (9.9 ± 0.4 MJ m−3). Besides, FDA‐SNF/PVA hydrogel has a high tensile strength of 7.84 ± 0.10 MPa, super elasticity (no plastic deformation under 100 cycles of stretching), fast deformation recovery ability and excellent mechanical properties that are superior to the other tough PVA hydrogels, providing an effective way to optimize the mechanical properties of hydrogels for potential applications in artificial tendons and ligaments.
Spatially Confined Nanoreactors Designed for Biological Applications
Authors: Wang Yating , Xie Fengjuan , Zhao Liang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe applications of nanoreactors in biology are becoming increasingly significant and prominent. Specifically, nanoreactors with spatially confined, due to their exquisite design that effectively limits the spatial range of biomolecules, attracted widespread attention. The main advantage of this structure is designed to improve reaction selectivity and efficiency by accumulating reactants and catalysts within the chambers, thus increasing the frequency of collisions between reactants. Herein, the recent progress in the synthesis of spatially confined nanoreactors and their biological applications is summarized, covering various kinds of nanoreactors, including porous inorganic materials, porous crystalline materials with organic components and self‐assembled polymers to construct nanoreactors. These design principles underscore how precise reaction control could be achieved by adjusting the structure and composition of the nanoreactors to create spatial confined. Furthermore, various applications of spatially confined nanoreactors are demonstrated in the biological fields, such as biocatalysis, molecular detection, drug delivery, and cancer therapy. These applications showcase the potential prospects of spatially confined nanoreactors, offering robust guidance for future research and innovation.
Hf and Co Dual Single Atoms Co‐Doped Carbon Catalyst Enhance the Oxygen Reduction Performance
Authors: Duan Diancheng , Huo Junlang , Chen Jiaxiang , Chi Bin , Chen Zhangsen , Sun Shuhui , Zhao Yang , Zhao He , Cui Zhiming , Liao Shijun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSingle‐atom metal‐doped M–N–C (M═Fe, Co, Mn, or Ni) catalysts exhibit excellent catalytic activity toward oxygen reduction reactions (ORR). However, their performance still has a large gap considering the demand for their practical applications. This study reports a high‐performance dual single‐atom doped carbon catalyst (HfCo–N–C), which is prepared by pyrolyzing Co and Hf co‐doped ZIF‐8 . Co and Hf are atomically dispersed in the carbon framework and coordinated with N to form Co–N4 and Hf–N4 active moieties. The synergetic effect between Co–N4 and Hf–N4 significantly enhance the catalytic activity and durability of the catalyst. In an acidic medium, the ORR half‐wave potential (E1/2) of the catalyst is up to 0.82 V , which is much higher than that of the Co–N–C catalyst without Hf co‐doping (0.80 V). The kinetic current density of the catalyst is up to 2.49 A cm−2 at 0.85 V , which is 1.74 times that of the Co–N–C catalyst without Hf co‐doping. Moreover, the catalyst exhibits excellent cathodic performance in single proton exchange membrane fuel cells and Zn–air batteries. Furthermore, Hf co‐doping can effectively suppress the formation of H2O2, resulting in significantly improved stability and durability.
Direct In‐ and Out‐of‐Plane Writing of Metals on Insulators by Electron‐Beam‐Enabled, Confined Electrodeposition with Submicrometer Feature Size
Authors: Nydegger Mirco , Wang Zhu‐Jun , Willinger Marc Georg , Spolenak Ralph , Reiser Alain 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAdditive microfabrication processes based on localized electroplating enable the one‐step deposition of micro‐scale metal structures with outstanding performance, e.g., high electrical conductivity and mechanical strength. They are therefore evaluated as an exciting and enabling addition to the existing repertoire of microfabrication technologies. Yet, electrochemical processes are generally restricted to conductive or semiconductive substrates, precluding their application in the manufacturing of functional electric devices where direct deposition onto insulators is often required. Here, the direct, localized electrodeposition of copper on a variety of insulating substrates, namely Al2O3, glass and flexible polyethylene, is demonstrated, enabled by electron‐beam‐induced reduction in a highly confined liquid electrolyte reservoir. The nanometer‐size of the electrolyte reservoir, fed by electrohydrodynamic ejection, enables a minimal feature size on the order of 200 nm. The fact that the transient reservoir is established and stabilized by electrohydrodynamic ejection rather than specialized liquid cells can offer greater flexibility toward deposition on arbitrary substrate geometries and materials. Installed in a low‐vacuum scanning electron microscope, the setup further allows for operando, nanoscale observation and analysis of the manufacturing process.
Survey on open‐source digital twin frameworks–A case study approach
Authors: Gil Santiago , Mikkelsen Peter H. , Gomes Cláudio , Larsen Peter G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDigital twin (DT) technology has been a topic with academic and industrial coverage in recent years. DTs are intended to be a virtual high‐fidelity representation of a physical counterpart. Its complex nature requires several components to create and run a DT, and that is why many DT frameworks have been proposed in the literature. There are also many surveys of DTs, but none that is bottom‐up with concrete examples and focused on open‐source software. This survey analyzes 14 open‐source DT frameworks in 10 different dimensions, which are then categorized in six different groups according to their modeling and technological domain, to present the reader different options for creating and managing DT applications, and to understand potential combinations, uses, and limitations of the tools. It also presents a case study with five of the explored DT frameworks, describing the process on how the DT is set up and comparing their capabilities based on the services to be provided by the DT. Finally, it discusses advantages and limitations of the tools according to domain, requirements, and scope, relevant aspects regarding built‐in simulations and data analytics, theory‐to‐practice transition, and advantages/disadvantages of using open‐source software instead of commercial. Main limitations of the study due to its narrow niche, conclusions, and opportunities for future research regarding the potential room for improvement in terms of out‐of‐the‐box features and services for DTs, are also shown.
In Situ Observation of Phase Transformations of Pearlite Heat‐Resistant Steel during Solidification
Authors: Li Yaqiang , Wang Ziming , Li Yingying , Han Baochen , Sheng Pengcheng , Liu Yanting 
Published: January 2024

steel research int. 2023, 2300172
https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202300172
The above article, published online on 6 July 2023, in Wiley Online Library (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal's Editor‐in‐Chief, Sandra Kalveram and Wiley‐VCH GmbH. The authors reached out to the editorial office to retract the article as they have discovered major errors in Figure 13. The drawing method and the schematic diagram used to depict the carbon concentration distribution and Gibbs free energy at various cooling rates were incorrect, thus invalidate the conclusions of the paper.
Stress configuration‐based classification of current research on fatigue of reinforced and prestressed concrete
Authors: Baktheer Abedulgader , Goralski Claus , Hegger Josef , Chudoba Rostislav 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe limited understanding of the fatigue behavior of reinforced and prestressed concrete members is one of the reasons why many structures do not reach their expected service life. Without a deeper theoretical understanding of the fatigue phenomena in the various fatigue process zones, reliable fatigue life predictions are not possible. This paper provides a classification of the major fatigue process zones and mechanisms in reinforced and prestressed concrete members, accompanied by a brief review of recent developments in design rules, experimental characterization, and modeling approaches specific to each fatigue process zone and mechanism. The limitations of current approaches to fatigue characterization and modeling are also discussed, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
Increased risk of obstructive lung disease in inflammatory bowel disease: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Jacobsen Henrik Albæk , Karachalia Sandri Anastasia , Weinreich Ulla Møller , Jess Tine , Larsen Lone 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with disease manifestations in organs other than the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, we aimed to estimate the odds of obstructive lung disease (OLD) before IBD onset and the risk of OLD after IBD onset.MethodsIn a nationwide population‐based Danish cohort study from 1999 to 2018, individuals with IBD and OLD were identified using the Danish registries. Between 2003 and 2013, 24,238 individuals with IBD were identified and matched 1:10 with non‐IBD individuals. Logistic regression was used to estimate the prevalence odds ratio for OLD before IBD onset. Time‐to‐event analysis was performed to explore the risk of OLD after IBD onset. In a sensitivity analysis, the time‐to‐event analysis was repeated using the composite outcome OLD and the separate outcomes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and bronchiectasis.ResultsIndividuals with IBD were 60% more likely to have OLD before onset (adjusted odds ratio: 1.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.53–1.67). Furthermore, their risk of OLD was more than 40% higher after IBD diagnosis (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.37–1.49). The sensitivity analysis increased the risk to 60% (aHR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.53–1.73). Similar results were found for COPD and asthma separately, whereas the risk of bronchiectasis increased more than 2‐fold (aHR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.91–3.11).ConclusionThe odds of OLD before‐ and the risk following an IBD diagnosis were increased. We encourage physicians to be vigilant of pulmonary symptoms in persons with IBD and gastrointestinal symptoms in individuals with OLD.
Functionality of Box Intersection Graphs
Authors: Dallard Clément , Lozin Vadim , Milanič Martin , Štorgel Kenny , Zamaraev Viktor 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFunctionality is a graph complexity measure that extends a variety of parameters, such as vertex degree, degeneracy, clique-width, or twin-width. In the present paper, we show that functionality is bounded for box intersection graphs in $$\mathbb {R}^1$$

R

1

, i.e. for interval graphs, and unbounded for box intersection graphs in $$\mathbb {R}^3$$

R

3

. We also study a parameter known as symmetric difference, which is intermediate between twin-width and functionality, and show that this parameter is unbounded both for interval graphs and for unit box intersection graphs in $$\mathbb {R}^2$$

R

2

.
Implications of changing Caribbean coral reefs on Diadema antillarum larvae settlement
Authors: Wijers Tom , van Herpen Britt , Mattijssen Djan , Murk Albertinka J. , Patterson Joshua T. , Hylkema Alwin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTropical western Atlantic reefs have gradually shifted from being dominated by corals to being mainly covered by macroalgae. The mass-mortality of the sea urchinDiadema antillarumin the 80s and the slow to non-existent recovery exacerbated this shift. Chemical cues associated with these reefs are expected to have shifted too with potential negative effects on larval recruitment, possibly limiting recovery of important species likeD. antillarum. In this study, we tested the effects of naturally derived biofilm and macroalgae species native to Caribbean coral reefs on the settlement rate of culturedD. antillarumlarvae in two separate experiments. Crustose coralline algae (CCA) were included in both experiments, making it possible to compare settlement rates from both experiments. A biofilm of one week old yielded significantly lower settlement rates compared to two, four, and six weeks old biofilm and the highest settlement rate was found for CCA with over 62% of total larvae. All six tested macroalgae species resulted in settled larvae, with little significant difference between algal species, partly due to a high variation in settlement rates within treatments.Sargassum fluitansinduced the highest settlement rate with 33%, which was not significantly different from CCA with 29%. We conclude that dominant macroalgae species likely to be encountered byD. antillarumon shifted reefs are no major constraint to settlement. Our findings increase the understanding of alternative stable state settlement dynamics for a keystone coral reef herbivore.
Quantitative anatomical analysis of lumbar interspaces based on 3D CT imaging: optimized segment selection for lumbar puncture in different age groups
Authors: Zhuang Yuan-Dong , Hu Xiao-Cong , Dai Ke-Xin , Ye Jun , Zhang Chen-Hui , Zhuo Wen-Xuan , Wu Jian-Feng , Liu Shi-Chao , Liang Ze-Yan , Chen Chun-Mei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Optimal lumbar puncture segment selection remains controversial. This study aims to analyze anatomical differences among L3-4, L4-5, and L5-S1 segments across age groups and provide quantitative evidence for optimized selection.

Methods
80 cases of CT images were collected with patients aged 10–80 years old. Threedimensional models containing L3-S1 vertebrae, dural sac, and nerve roots were reconstructed. Computer simulation determined the optimal puncture angles for the L3-4, L4-5, and L5-S1 segments. The effective dural sac area (ALDS), traversing nerve root area (ATNR), and area of the lumbar inter-laminar space (ALILS) were measured. Puncture efficacy ratio (ALDS/ALILS) and nerve injury risk ratio (ATNR/ALILS) were calculated. Cases were divided into four groups: A (10–20 years), B (21–40 years), C (41–60 years), and D (61–80 years). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.

Results
1) ALDS was similar among segments; 2) ATNR was greatest at L5-S1; 3) ALILS was greatest at L5-S1; 4) Puncture efficacy ratio was highest at L3-4 and lowest at L5-S1; 5) Nerve injury risk was highest at L5-S1. In group D, L5-S1 ALDS was larger than L3-4 and L4-5. ALDS decreased after age 40. Age variations were minimal across parameters.

Conclusion
The comprehensive analysis demonstrated L3-4 as the optimal first-choice segment for ages 10–60 years, conferring maximal efficacy and safety. L5-S1 can serve as an alternative option for ages 61–80 years when upper interspaces narrow. This study provides quantitative imaging evidence supporting age-specific, optimized lumbar puncture segment selection.