bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GAMBARAN PENYESUAIAN DIRI PADA PECANDU NARKOBA YANG TELAH MENYELESAIKAN REHABILITASI THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY DI YAYASAN KARINIA INSANI
Authors: Klara Amanda  , Aulia Prima 
Published: January 2024

Penyalahgunaan narkotika yang sudah menjadi permasalahan yang sangat memprihatikan selama beberapa tahun terakhir. Banyak upaya yang dilakukan untuk menanggulangi masalah penyalahgunaan narkoba, salah satunya dengan rehabilitasi. Namun tidak sedikit pecandu narkoba yang mengalami kekambuhan setelah menjalani rehabilitasi karena tidak mampu menyesuaian diri dengan lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui Bagaimana Gambaran Penyesuaian Diri pada Pecandu Narkoba yang Telah Menyelesaikan Rehabilitasi Therapeutic Community di Yayasan Karunia Insani. Penelitian ini dikaji menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara semi terstruktur yang dilakukan pada 2 orang responden yang merupakan pecandu narkoba yang telah menyelesaikan Therapeutic Community. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Kemudian untuk pengecekan keabsahan data pada penelitian ini dilakukanlah Triangulasi Sumber. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh menggambarkan bahwa subjek telah menunjukkan penyesuaian diri yang positif, ditandai dengan subjek yang mampu mengatasi ketegangan emosional yang dialaminya, mampu mengatasi frustasi yang dialaminya, berpikir lebih rasional dan hati-hati, mampu belajar dari arahan yang diberikan, serta mampu menerima dan menjadikan pengalamannya ketika menjadi pecandu narkoba sebagai bagian dari kehidupannya dalam mencari jati diri dan merupakan peristiwa yang memberikan banyak pengajaran kepada subjek, sehingga kemungkinan subjek untuk mengalami kekambuhan sangat rendah.
PERSEPSI SISWA SMA LAKI-LAKI TERHADAP PUNISHMENT YANG DIBERIKAN OLEH GURU DI SEKOLAH : STUDI INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY
Authors: Muhammad Ade Putra  , Adri Zakwan 
Published: January 2024

Hukuman (punishment) merupakan bentuk usaha edukatif untuk memperbaiki siswa kearah yang benar , bukan suatu alat untuk siksaan untuk membatasi kreatifitas. Tujuan diberikannya punishment ini adalah untuk menghilangkan kejahatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat sudut pandang siswa terhadap hukuman yang diberikan oleh guru, serta untuk mengetahui apakah ada hukuman yang disukai oleh siwa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan indigenous dengan jumlah partisipan sebanyak 194 orang siswa SMA kelas XI yang berada diwilayah kota Bukittinggi. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik open ended questions. Hasil penelitian ditemukan tidak semua siswa yang tidak suka terhadap punishment yang diberikan oleh guru. Guru hendaknya harus menilai dari sudut pandang siswa dalam memberikan punishment kepada siswa, agar mereka menerima punishment yang diberikan guru dengan tepat dan membuat mereka jera terhadap sesuatu yang dilakukannya.
PERBEDAAN STRES PADA MAHASISWA DITINJAU DARI KEPEMILIKAN HEWAN PELIHARAAN
Authors: Winda Tiara  , Yusra Zulmi 
Published: January 2024

Stres merupakan kondisi yang rentan dialami mahasiswa. Stres adalah kondisi emosional negatif yang muncul ketika individu mengalami tekanan dan situasi lingkungan yang mengancam. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya stres adalah kurangnya dukungan sosial. Selain dari keluarga, teman ataupun pasangan, hewan peliharaan juga dapat dijadikan sebagai tokoh yang dapat memberikan dukungan sosial. Penelitian deskriptif komparatif dengan metode penelitian kuantitatif ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan stres pada mahasiswa ditinjau dari kepemilikan hewan peliharaan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 200 orang mahasiswa aktif Universitas Negeri Padang dimana 100 orang merupakan pemilik hewan peliharaan dan 100 orang bukan pemilik hewan peliharaan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik accidental sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji statistik analisis independent sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai signifikansi didapatkan sebesar 0,091 > 0,05 yang artinya bahwa hipotesis nol (H0) diterima dan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada stres mahasiswa yang ditinjau dari kepemilikan hewan peliharaan.
Study of miRNA and lymphocyte subsets as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer
Authors: Li Jinpeng , Chen Zixi , Li Qian , Liu Rongrong , Zheng Jin , Gu Qing , Xiang Fenfen , Li Xiaoxiao , Zhang Mengzhe , Kang Xiangdong , Wu Rong 
Published: January 2024

Objective
The aim of this study was to identify the expression of miRNA and lymphocyte subsets in the blood of gastric cancer (GC) patients, elucidate their clinical significance in GC, and establish novel biomarkers for the early diagnosis and prognosis of GC.

Methods
The expression of miRNAs in the serum of GC patients was screened using second-generation sequencing and detected using qRT-PCR. The correlation between miRNA expression and clinicopathological characteristics of GC patients was analyzed, and molecular markers for predicting cancer were identified. Additionally, flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of lymphocyte subsets in GC patients compared to healthy individuals. The correlations between differential lymphocyte subsets, clinicopathological features of GC patients, and their prognosis were analyzed statistically.

Results
The study revealed that hsa-miR-1306-5p, hsa-miR-3173-5p, and hsa-miR-296-5p were expressed at lower levels in the blood of GC patients, which is consistent with miRNA-seq findings. The AUC values of hsa-miR-1306-5p, hsa-miR-3173-5p, and hsa-miR-296-5p were found to be effective predictors of GC occurrence. Additionally, hsa-miR-296-5p was found to be negatively correlated with CA724. Furthermore, hsa-miR-1306-5p, hsa-miR-3173-5p, and hsa-miR-296-5p were found to be associated with the stage of the disease and were closely linked to the clinical pathology of GC. The lower the levels of these miRNAs, the greater the clinical stage of the tumor and the worse the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Finally, the study found that patients with GC had lower absolute numbers of CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, CD19+ B cells, and lymphocytes compared to healthy individuals. The quantity of CD4+ T lymphocytes and the level of the tumor marker CEA were shown to be negatively correlated. The ROC curve and multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that lymphocyte subsets can effectively predict gastric carcinogenesis and prognosis.

Conclusion
These miRNAs such as hsa-miR-1306-5p, hsa-miR-3173-5p, hsa-miR-296-5p and lymphocyte subsets such as the absolute numbers of CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, CD19+ B cells, lymphocytes are down-regulated in GC and are closely related to the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of GC patients. They may serve as new molecular markers for predicting the early diagnosis and prognosis of GC patients.
Cytology of the central zone of the prostate
Authors: Egevad Lars 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe prostate has three anatomical regions: the peripheral, transition, and central zones (CZ). The CZ has distinct histological features, but its cytological morphology has not been described. This study was done on surgical specimens to ensure that samples were representative of the CZ, and that no prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) or cancer contaminated the smears. An incision was made in the CZ of 51 prostatectomy specimens, and cells were scraped from cut surfaces. After exclusion of samples contaminated by PIN or cancer or with poor cell yield, 39 Giemsa‐stained smears remained for analysis. Large branching epithelial sheets with geographic architecture and crowded nuclei were seen in 97% of smears. Epithelial clusters with elongated palisaded nuclei were identified in 80% of cases, but were always a minor component. Visible nucleoli (97%), cytoplasmic vacuoles (97%), and smooth muscle cells in the background (95%) were common. Blue‐green cytoplasmic granules resembling seminal vesicle pigment were seen in 97%. Magenta‐colored cytoplasmic pigment, similar to granules seen in other regions of the prostate, was found in 74%. Recognition of CZ epithelium as a benign constituent of prostate cytology is important because elongated cells, crowded nuclei, and visible nucleoli may otherwise be misinterpreted as PIN or cancer. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2003;28:239–244. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis of α‐aminophosphinates by the hydrophosphinylation of imines
Authors: Szabó Andrea , Petneházy Imre , Jászay Zsuzsa M. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractNumerous substituted α‐aminophosphinates were synthesized by addition of alkyl and phenyl H‐phosphinates to aromatic imines and characterized. Modest diastereoselectivity was observed in the reaction. The size of the substituents exerts a small effect on the diastereoselectivity of PC bond formation. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 14:235–240, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.10133
Synthesis and structural studies of new N‐(p‐toluenesulfonyl)amino acid o‐phenolamides
Authors: Aguilar‐Castro Liliana , Tlahuextl Margarita , Tapia‐Benavides Antonio R. , Tlahuext Hugo 
Published: April 2003

AbstractN‐(p‐Toluenesulfonyl)glycine o‐phenolamide (3a) and the analogous derivatives of d,l‐alanine (3b), L‐valine (3c), L‐leucine (3d), and L‐phenylalanine (3e) were synthesized in yields >80% by condensation of N‐(p‐toluenesulfonyl)amino acyl chlorides with o‐aminophenol. The structure and conformation of these amides were established by NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 14:247–253, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.10135
A convenient synthesis of substituted 3‐alkoxycarbonyl‐β,γ‐unsaturated esters with predominant Z‐selectivity
Authors: Shen Yanchang , Zhang Yuming 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe consecutive reaction of bis[2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl]phosphite with sodium hydride, dimethyl maleate, and aldehydes gives 3‐alkoxycarbonyl‐β,γ‐unsaturated esters with predominant Z‐selectivity in 62–94% yields (Z/E = 85–60:15–40). The Z‐ and E‐isomer can be separated conveniently by column chromatography. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 14:276–279, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.10142
Transferrin in fetal rat brain and cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: New H. , Dziegielewska K. M. , Saunders N. R. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractConcentrations of transferrin in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and brain of fetal and newborn rats have been estimated by radial immunodiffusion assay. Transferrin was detected in both csf and brain at the earliest age investigated (12 days gestation). The plasma concentration increased throughout the gestational period studied and in the postnatal period: the overall increase was about 10‐fold. In contrast, although the csf transferrin concentration increased by 3 times between 12 and 22 days (term) there was a considerable decline on reaching adult age. Brain transferrin concentration was highest at 18 days gestation. These results are important background information for studies of the significance of transferrin in brain development.
Conditioned medium from spinal cord cells stimulates DRG cells to migrate, cluster and rearrange in dissociated cell cultures
Authors: Klotz Kathleen L. , Neale Joseph H. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractMurine spinal sensory neurons migrate in dissociated cell culture resulting in convergence, divergence and cluster rearrangement by the cells. We found that culture medium which had been conditioned by the growth of spinal cord cells stimulated the convergence of DRG cells into clusters. Binuclear sensory neurons, which are often found in these cultures, failed to migrate or proceed with mitotic cleavage during the 2 weeks of observation. We conclude that these cells were arrested in mitosis during or shortly after their removal from the 13‐day‐old embryo.
Biochemical compensation and recovery following temporary inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase during the development of rat cerebellar cortex
Authors: Gilad Gad M. , Carstairs Jill , Gilad Varda H. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractSpecific inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase selectively in the developing rat cerebellum was achieved within 10 min after intrathecal injection of α‐difluoromethylornithine. Twelve hours later the activity started to increase, passed control levels between 2 and 3 days, continued to increase and reached its peak values by day 3 (when animals were 10 days old), 3 days after peak control values. Ornithine decarboxylase activity then declined and attained low adult values simultaneously with controls. Glutamic acid decarboxylase activity, a marker of gabaergic neurons maturation, declined to a nadir at 3 days postinjection, and then was elevated transiently above control levels with a peak at 11 days postinjection. We conclude that after such a temporary insult neuroblasts of the cerebellar cortex are capable of full recovery, which is apparent by a reversible reduction in ornithine decarboxylase and glutamic acid decarboxylase activities followed by a transient compensatory elevation in both enzymes.
Neonatal hypothyroidism and early undernutrition affect myelin and myelin precursor membranes in a different way
Authors: Pasquini J.M. , Bizzozero O. , Sato C. , Oteiza P. , Soto E.F. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe lipid and protein composition as well as the activity of 2′3′ cyclic nucleotide 3′ phosphohydrolase (CNPH) and the distribution of individual proteins separated by SDS‐PAGE were studied in myelin and in a fraction closely related to myelin or assumed to be a precursor membrane of mature myelin (fraction SN4) isolated from 20‐day‐old rats made hypothyroid at birth or submitted to early malnutrition.In both experimental conditions lipid and protein components were found to be reduced in myelin when data were expressed as mg/g fresh tissue, but the results were close to those obtained in normal controls when data were expressed as mg/mg total protein of each fraction. CNPH activity was normal in myelin but markedly reduced in fraction SN4. Although the results appear to suggest that both experimental conditions produce a reduction in the amount of myelin but no qualitative changes, the data obtained with SDS‐PAGE show that the distribution of the various types of proteins present in this fraction and fraction SN4 was abnormal. Myelin and fraction SN4 isolated from malnourished animals displayed a protein profile which was quite similar to that found in fraction SN4 isolated from normal rats, indicating a delay in the process of myelin maturation. The changes in protein composition of myelin and fraction SN4 produced by neonatal hypothyroidism on the other hand differed clearly from those produced by early malnutrition; the ratio small basic protein: large basic protein (SBP:LBP) was found to be reduced in both membrane fractions in the former condition and the protein patterns of myelin and that of fraction SN4 were different, at variance with what was found in the case of malnourished animals.Our findings appear to suggest that the effects of early malnutrition and neonatal hypothyroidism upon myelin and myelin‐related membranes are different, and that myelination is more affected in the latter condition.
Critical periods for the role of ornithine decarboxylase and the polyamines in growth and development of the rat: Effects of exposure to α‐difluoromethylornithine during discrete prenatal or postnatal intervals
Authors: Slotkin T.A. , Seidler F.J. , Whitmore W.L. , Weigel S.J. , Slepetis R.J. , Lerea L. , Trepanier P.A. , Bartolome J. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe roles of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and the polyamines in fetal and neonatal development were examined through the use of α‐difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), a specific irreversible inhibitor of ODC. Administration to pregnant rats of 500 mg/kg of DFMO every 12 h for a 4‐day period (8 DFMO injections) resulted in fetal and neonatal death; DFMO early in gestation produced fetal resorption whereas late gestational exposure did not compromise fetal viability but instead resulted in a delayed toxic effect, with high mortality in the first postnatal week. Generalized toxicity of DFMO was not apparent in later developmental periods, as 4 days of DFMO treatment begun postnatally did not produce any neonatal death. Shortening the course of gestational DFMO treatment to 2.5 days (5 DFMO injections) also did not adversely affect fetal or neonatal viability and thus permitted identification of critical periods in which various tissues are sensitive to DFMO. Examination of growth patterns of brain, heart and kidney and of neurochemical development of central and peripheral catecholaminergic neurons indicated that different critical periods exist for effects of DFMO on each tissue or even on the various cell types within a tissue. The separable sensitivities were apparent even though the effects of DFMO on ODC and the polyamines for any given treatment period were fairly uniform in all tissues studied. These results indicate that the ODC/polyamine system plays multiple roles in fetal survival and in tissue growth during discrete periods of development; because the time course of cellular maturation differs for each tissue or cell population, DFMO administered during any one brief period can produce organ‐specific developmental deficits.
Opiate binding to brain slices and ontogenesis of hypothalamic [3H]naloxone binding sites
Authors: Bhanot R. , Wilkinson M. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractWe have developed a radioligand binding assay based on the use of hypothalamic slices and have examined the ontogenesis of [3H]naloxone binding sites in male and female rats. [3H]NAL binding is reversible, saturable, stereospecific, of high affinity, readily displaceable by morphine and is sensitive to phenoxybenzamine. These characteristics suggest that [3H]NAL readily binds to opiate receptors in brain slices. With this assay we have demonstrated that: (a) there is an age‐related increase in opiate binding sites in rat hypothalamus, (b) there are sex differences in the binding affinity of the sites and (c) the values of Bmax are approximately 2–5‐fold higher than the levels previously reported from assays with brain homogenates.
Effects of neonatal capsaicin treatment on thiamine monophosphatase (TMPase) activity in the substantia gelatinosa of the rat spinal cord
Authors: Inomata Kenichirou , Nasu Fumio 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe present study investigated changes in gelatinosal TMPase activity following capsaicin treatment. The gelatinosal TMPase activity was positive around postnatal day 3, and the activity disappeared when newborn rats were treated with capsaicin on postnatal days 2 or 3. The absence of TMPase activity was still observed four months after treatment. The possibility that TMPase is associated with nociception has to be considered.
Fine structure of the cells containing large granular vesicles in the superior cervical ganglia of rat embryos
Authors: Soinila S. , Eränkö O. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractAn electron microscopic study has been performed on the superior cervical ganglia of 11‐ to 21‐day‐old rat embryos after fixation with glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide. The ganglia of 11‐day‐old and older embryos are known to consist of cells which show catecholamine fluorescence, the intensity of which varies from weak to bright. Electron microscopically, the ganglia of 11‐ and 12‐day‐old embryos were observed to consist of a dense group of cells among the loose mesenchyme. The cells showed a great variation in nuclear morphology and only rarely contained granular vesicles. Only few cells represented the undifferentiated, primitive sympathetic cell type described in previous studies. Therefore, in the rat superior cervical ganglion the ultrastuctural differentiation may be initiated even before the cells complete their migration.From embryonic day 14, three types of cell containing varying numbers of large granular vesicles were distinguished on the basis of nuclear morphology. Those type 1 cells that contained numerous granular vesicles closely resemble the postnatal SIF cells. Those type 2 cells that possessed a great number of granular vesicles may represent an intermediate form, namely the large intensely fluorescent cell described in prenatal ganglia but only exceptionally found in early postnatal ganglia. The appearance of the type 2 cells with only a few granular vesicles is identical with that of the sympathetic cells representing the early stages of maturation. The type 3 cells correspond with the late maturing principal neuron. These cells were never seen to contain more than a few large granular vesicles.
The effect of cortisol on gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase activity in the glycogen body and lumbosacral segments of developing chick spinal cord
Authors: Šťastný F. , Lisý V. , Sedláček J. , Hájková B. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractGamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activity is heterogeneously distributed between the lumbosacral chick spinal cord and the adjacent glycogen body during late embryonic and early posthatch development and displays hormonal sensitivity. As GGT activity may reflect the cellular transport of some amino acids, the transiently high activity of this enzyme in the glycogen body suggests that these cells play an important role in amino acid transport and metabolism at a time coincident with the initial phase of myelination in the embryonic chick spinal cord.
Delayed development of GFA immunoreactivity in intraocular cortex cerebri grafts during thyroid hormone deficiency
Authors: Granholm Ann‐Charlotte , Dahl Doris , Björklund Håkan , Seiger Åke 
Published: April 2003

AbstractDependency of astrocytes on thyroid hormones during development was studied in intraocular cortex cerebri grafts, using antibodies to the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFA). Fetal cortex cerebri was left in the anterior eye chamber of normal and thyroidectomized adult recipient rats 3 and 8 weeks to mature. All cortex grafts survived and became vascularized in the eye. The grafts were cryostat‐sectioned, and reacted with an antiserum specific for GFA. The density of GFA immunoreactivity in the cortex graft neuropil was subjectively estimated with fluorescence microscopy. After 3 weeks in oculo, the number of positive structures was significantly lower in the thyroidectomized group as compared to the euthyroid control group. This effect of thyroidectomy on the cortex grafts was entirely counteracted by daily injections of thyroxine (100 μg/kg s.c.) to similarly thyroidectomized recipients. The distribution of GFA‐positive structures was even within individual grafts of all three groups. Neither were any differences in morphology of fluorescent astroglial processes observed. The overall density of fluorescent GFA‐positive structures was considerably higher than that found in age‐matched normal in situ counterparts, even in the thyroidectomized group. After 8 weeks in oculo, the difference between the control and thyroidectomized groups in density of GFA‐positive structures in the neuropil had disappeared, and no general increase in density of immunoreactivity was noted in the control group. These results indicate that thyroid hormones might normally play a role for the development of GFA in the early postnatal brain, as thyroid hormone deficiency causes a transient delay in development of GFA immunoreactivity in intraocular cortex cerebri grafts.