bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tailored therapy guided by genotypic resistance of clarithromycin and levofloxacin detected by polymerase chain reaction in the first‐line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Li Cai Ling , Zhou Kai , Zhang Yue Xi , Suo Bao Jun , Tian Xue Li , Zhang Yu Xin , Ren Xin Lu , Shi Yan Yan , Zhou Li Ya , Song Zhi Qiang 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivesWe aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of tailored therapy guided by genotypic resistance in the first‐line treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in treatment‐naive patients.MethodsGastric mucosal specimens were taken during gastroscopy, and main mutations of clarithromycin‐ and levofloxacin‐resistant genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sensitive antibiotics were selected individually for treating H. pylori infection with tailored bismuth‐containing quadruple therapy (BQT) consisting of esomeprazole 20 mg twice daily, bismuth potassium citrate 220 mg twice daily, amoxicillin 1 g twice daily, and clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily, or levofloxacin 500 mg once daily, or metronidazole 400 mg four times daily. Safety and patient compliance were assessed 1–3 days after eradication. Treatment outcome was evaluated by urea breath test 4–8 weeks after eradication.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐two treatment‐naive patients with H. pylori infection were included. PCR results suggested resistance rates of 47.7% and 34.9% for clarithromycin and levofloxacin, respectively, and a dual resistance rate of 18.2%. Eradication rates of tailored BQT were 87.1% and 95.8% by intention‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis and per‐protocol (PP) analysis, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the efficacy of 7‐day clarithromycin‐containing, 7‐day levofloxacin‐containing, and 14‐day full‐dose metronidazole‐containing BQT (ITT analysis: P = 0.488; PP analysis: P = 0.833). The incidence of adverse events was 19.7%, and patient compliance was 97.7%.ConclusionTailored BQT guided by genotypic resistance can achieve satisfactory efficacy, safety, and patient compliance in the first‐line treatment of H. pylori infection.
Meta‐analysis reveals that rheumatoid arthritis is associated with worse clinical outcomes among patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Zhang Guangmin , Liu Jiane , Wang Jing , Wang Zheng , Zhang Jing , Ding Yu , Tang Xiuming , Wang Wei , Liu Jianxin , Liu Yifei , Liu Jing , Xu Xiaohui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are reported to be more vulnerable to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), so clinical severity is a particular concern for them. This meta‐analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical outcomes in RA patients with COVID‐19. A systematic literature search was performed in electronic databases for relevant articles published from January 2020 to October 2022. We extracted necessary relevant data and Egger's test was used to evaluate the risk of publication bias. This meta‐analysis included 9 studies with a total of 12 339 RA patients with COVID‐19 and 685 982 non‐RA patients with COVID‐19. We found serious adverse outcomes in RA patients with COVID‐19, including the rates of severity (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.23–2.05, p = .0004), hospitalization (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.55–1.92, p < .00001), mortality (OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.67–2.20, p < .00001), mechanical ventilation (OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.47–1.84, p < .00001), despite no significant difference observed in ICU admission (OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 0.95–1.98, p = .09). Our data suggests that RA patients had an increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes with COVID‐19 infection.
Stromal cell‐derived factor 1 alpha (SDF‐1alfa) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP): Two potential signature biomarkers of radiological detectable hemophilic arthropathy
Authors: Leuci Alexandre , Robert Mélanie , Josset Laurie , Marano Muriel , Connes Philippe , Désage Stéphanie , Meunier Sandrine , Lienhart Anne , Dargaud Yesim 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionHemophilia is a rare constitutional bleeding disorder due to a deficiency in Factor VIII or Factor IX. Recurrent hemarthroses, one of the major complications of the disease, lead to hemophilic arthropathy, a disabling condition that requires early diagnosis. Traditionally, clinical examination and plain film radiography have been used to diagnose hemophilic arthropathy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound can be more useful for diagnosing soft‐tissue changes. However, but each of these methods has limitations and diagnosis of arthropathy can be delayed.AimThe aim of this project was to assess plasmatic biomolecules indicative of osteo‐cartilaginous damage in patients with hemophilia with or without known arthropathy, in order to improve the diagnosis of this major complication of the disease.MethodsIn this monocentric retrospective study, 40 patients with hemophilia A or B, for whom a plasma sample was available, provided informed consent for further analyses (multiplex immunoassays and ELISA) and collection of relevant clinical information in their medical files. Correlations were sought for between biomarkers of interest and the severity of joint lesions assessed according to Pettersson's radiologic score.ResultsTwo biomarkers were identified, respectively SDF‐1α and COMP. Their plasmatic levels were significantly increased in patients with arthropathy compared to controls and patients without arthropathy. These values correlated significantly with the Pettersson score in patients under regular prophylaxis.ConclusionTwo plasma biomarkers have been identified that could help assess the presence and severity of hemophilic arthropathy.
Differential cannabinoid‐like effects and pharmacokinetics of ADB‐BICA, ADB‐BINACA, ADB‐4en‐PINACA and MDMB‐4en‐PINACA in mice: A comparative study
Authors: Zhou Fenghua , Wang Xiaoli , Tan Sujun , Shi Yan , Xie Bing , Xiang Ping , Cong Bin , Ma Chunling , Wen Di 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDespite synthetic cannabinoids' (SCs) prevalent use among humans, these substances often lack comprehensive pharmacological data, primarily due to their rapid emergence in the market. This study aimed to discern differences and causal factors among four SCs (ADB‐BICA, ADB‐BINACA, ADB‐4en‐PINACA and MDMB‐4en‐PINACA), with respect to locomotor activity, body temperature and nociception threshold. Adult male C57BL/6 mice received intraperitoneal injections of varying doses (0.5, 0.1 and 0.02 mg/kg) of these compounds. Three substances (including ADB‐BINACA, ADB‐4en‐PINACA and MDMB‐4en‐PINACA) demonstrated dose‐ and time‐dependent hypolocomotive and hypothermic effects. Notably, 0.1 mg/kg MDMB‐4en‐PINACA exhibited analgesic properties. However, ADB‐BICA did not cause any effects. MDMB‐4en‐PINACA manifested the most potent and sustained effects, followed by ADB‐4en‐PINACA, ADB‐BINACA and ADB‐BICA. Additionally, the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) antagonist AM251 suppressed the effects induced by acute administration of the substances. Analysis of molecular binding configurations revealed that the four SCs adopted a congruent C‐shaped geometry, with shared linker binding pockets conducive to robust steric interaction with CB1R. Essential residues PHE268, PHE200 and SER173 within CB1R were identified as pivotal contributors to enhancing receptor–ligand associations. During LC‐MS/MS analysis, 0.5 mg/kg MDMB‐4en‐PINACA exhibited the highest plasma concentration and most prolonged detection window post‐administration. The study of SCs' pharmacological and pharmacokinetic profiles is crucial for better understanding the main mechanisms of cannabinoid‐like effects induced by SCs, interpreting clinical findings related to SC uses and enhancing SCs risk awareness.
Naturally occurring genetic diseases caused by de novo variants in domestic animals
Authors: Azevedo Luísa , Amaro Andreia P. , Niza‐Ribeiro João , Lopes‐Marques Mónica 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith the advent of next‐generation sequencing, an increasing number of cases of de novo variants in domestic animals have been reported in scientific literature primarily associated with clinically severe phenotypes. The emergence of new variants at each generation is a crucial aspect in understanding the pathology of early‐onset diseases in animals and can provide valuable insights into similar diseases in humans. With the aim of collecting deleterious de novo variants in domestic animals, we searched the scientific literature and compiled reports on 42 de novo variants in 31 genes in domestic animals. No clear disease‐associated phenotype has been established in humans for three of these genes (NUMB, ANKRD28 and KCNG1). For the remaining 28 genes, a strong similarity between animal and human phenotypes was recognized from available information in OMIM and OMIA, revealing the importance of comparative studies and supporting the use of domestic animals as natural models for human diseases, in line with the One Health approach.
The possible clinical utility of the alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol for managing suspected alcohol withdrawal in hospitalized patients: A case report
Authors: Edinoff Amber N. , Hathaway David B. , Martinez Garza David , Rosen Jordan H. , Suzuki Joji 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe decision to initiate pharmacotherapy for alcohol withdrawal is typically based on examining self‐reported use of alcohol and symptoms of withdrawal. Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a biomarker that could aim in clinical decision‐making in withdrawal management.MethodsThis report describes three cases highlighting the potential clinical utility of PEth in caring for individuals at risk for alcohol withdrawal.ResultsTwo of the cases received phenobarbital when their PEth showed that the risk of withdrawal was low and one case where PEth could have shown this was needed. The results were only available in a delayed fashion, however, could have been useful in informing clinical care.Discussion and ConclusionPEth can be a useful tool if available without delay. PEth can be used to quickly rule out alcohol withdrawal and avoid misdiagnoses and prolonged hospital stays.Scientific SignificanceThis is a clinical case study available looking at PEth and withdrawal in hospitalized patients. It proposes that PEth can be used as a way to quickly rule out alcohol withdrawal to avoid misdiagnoses and the possibility of a prolonged hospital stay.
Heterogeneity, climate change, and crop yield distributions: Solvency implications for publicly subsidized crop insurance programs
Authors: Schuurman Daniel , Ker Alan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractClimate change continues to fuel concern about the future cost of publicly subsidized crop insurance programs in developed nations. These changes in climate are expected to alter the upper and lower tails of crop yield distributions differently. This may best be captured by modeling the climate–yield relationship heterogeneously across different parts of the yield distribution. To this end, we consider a mixture model with the parameters expressed as nonparametric functions (to capture any nonlinearities) of weather variables estimated by machine learning methods (neural net). By doing so, we are able to identify possibly heterogeneous effects of climate change on each component, the mixing probabilities, and thus all moments of the yield distribution. We find changing climate alters, quite significantly, the entire shape of the yield distribution. The overall probability of the lower tail tends to increase as temperatures rise, to the point where some yield distributions become positively skewed. Across a range of climate change scenarios, premium rates for fixed guarantees are expected to rise 20–66% relative to no climate change by 2040. However, if we allow the yield guarantees to also fall because of additional losses from climate change, premium rates (albeit not comparable given yield guarantees are different) increase notably less (6–14%), suggesting less solvency issues than first thought.
Losing legitimacy: The challenges of the Dobbs ruling to conventional legitimacy theory
Authors: Gibson James L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExtant research has established that displeasure with a Supreme Court ruling typically has negligible consequences for institutional support, largely because, as legitimacy theory's positivity bias explains, judicial decisions are invariably delivered with the accoutrements of legitimizing symbols. The Court's ruling in Dobbs, abrogating a federal constitutional right to abortion services, may challenge legitimacy theory because displeasure with the ruling seems so widespread and intense. This research aims to determine whether the ruling lessened the Court's legitimacy. The general conclusion is that Dobbs produced a sizeable dent in institutional support, perhaps to an unprecedented degree, in part because abortion attitudes for many are infused with moral content and in part owing to the Court's substantial tilt to the right since 2020. Indeed, the Court's legitimacy may be at greater risk today than at any time since Franklin D. Roosevelt's 1930s attack on the institution.
Heterogeneity of sensitization profiles and clinical phenotypes among patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis in Southern European countries—The @IT.2020 multicenter study
Authors: Dramburg S. , Grittner U. , Potapova E. , Travaglini A. , Tripodi S. , Arasi S. , Pelosi S. , Acar Şahin A. , Aggelidis X. , Barbalace A. , Bourgoin A. , Bregu B. , Brighetti M. A. , Caeiro E. , Caglayan Sozmen S. , Caminiti L. , Charpin D. , Couto M. , Delgado L. , Di Rienzo Businco A. , Dimier C. , Dimou M. V. , Fonseca J. A. , Goksel O. , Hernandez D. , Hernandez Toro C. J. , Hoffmann T. M. , Jang D. T. , Kalpaklioglu F. , Lame B. , Llusar R. , Makris M. , Mazon A. , Mesonjesi E. , Nieto A. , Öztürk A. B. , Pahus L. , Pajno G. , Panasiti I. , Papadopoulos N. G. , Pellegrini E. , Pereira A. M. , Pereira M. , Pinar N. M. , Priftanji A. , Psarros F. , Sackesen C. , Sfika I. , Suarez J. , Thibaudon M. , Uguz U. , Verdier V. , Villella V. , Xepapadaki P. , Yazici D. , Matricardi P. M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundPollen allergy poses a significant health and economic burden in Europe. Disease patterns are relatively homogeneous within Central and Northern European countries. However, no study broadly assessed the features of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) across different Southern European countries with a standardized approach.ObjectiveTo describe sensitization profiles and clinical phenotypes of pollen allergic patients in nine Southern European cities with a uniform methodological approach.MethodsWithin the @IT.2020 multicenter observational study, pediatric and adult patients suffering from SAR were recruited in nine urban study centers located in seven countries. Clinical questionnaires, skin prick tests (SPT) and specific IgE (sIgE) tests with a customized multiplex assay (Euroimmun Labordiagnostika, Lübeck, Germany) were performed.ResultsThree hundred forty‐eight children (mean age 13.1 years, SD: 2.4 years) and 467 adults (mean age 35.7 years SD: 10.0 years) with a predominantly moderate to severe, persistent phenotype of SAR were recruited. Grass pollen major allergenic molecules (Phl p 1 and/or Phl p 5) ranged among the top three sensitizers in all study centers. Sensitization profiles were very heterogeneous, considering that patients in Rome were highly poly‐sensitized (sIgE to 3.8 major allergenic molecules per patient), while mono‐sensitization was prominent and heterogeneous in other cities, such as Marseille (sIgE to Cup a 1: n = 55/80, 68.8%) and Messina (sIgE to Par j 2: n = 47/82, 57.3%). Co‐sensitization to perennial allergens, as well as allergic comorbidities also broadly varied between study centers.ConclusionsIn Southern European countries, pollen allergy is heterogeneous in terms of sensitization profiles and clinical manifestations. Despite the complexity, a unique molecular, multiplex, and customized in‐vitro IgE test detected relevant sensitization in all study centers. Nevertheless, this geographical diversity in pollen allergic patients imposes localized clinical guidelines and study protocols for clinical trials of SAR in this climatically complex region.
The impact of outdoor pollution and extreme temperatures on asthma‐related outcomes: A systematic review for the EAACI guidelines on environmental science for allergic diseases and asthma
Authors: Agache Ioana , Canelo‐Aybar Carlos , Annesi‐Maesano Isabella , Cecchi Lorenzo , Rigau David , Rodríguez‐Tanta L. Yesenia , Nieto‐Gutierrez Wendy , Song Yang , Cantero‐Fortiz Yahveth , Roqué Marta , Vasquez Juan Carlos , Sola Ivan , Biagioni Benedetta , Chung Fan , D'Amato Gennaro , Damialis Athanasios , del Giacco Stefano , Vecillas Leticia de las , Dominguez‐Ortega Javier , Galàn Carmen , Gilles Stefanie , Giovannini Mattia , Holgate Stephen , Jeebhay Mohamed , Nadeau Kari , Papadopoulos Nikolaos , Quirce Santiago , Sastre Joaquin , Traidl‐Hoffmann Claudia , Walusiak‐Skorupa Jolanta , Sousa‐Pinto Bernardo , Alonso‐Coello Pablo , Salazar Josefina , Jutel Marek , Akdis Cezmi A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAir pollution is one of the biggest environmental threats for asthma. Its impact is augmented by climate change. To inform the recommendations of the EAACI Guidelines on the environmental science for allergic diseases and asthma, a systematic review (SR) evaluated the impact on asthma‐related outcomes of short‐term exposure to outdoor air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, O3, and CO), heavy traffic, outdoor pesticides, and extreme temperatures. Additionally, the SR evaluated the impact of the efficacy of interventions reducing outdoor pollutants. The risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS‐E tools and the certainty of the evidence by using GRADE. Short‐term exposure to PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 probably increases the risk of asthma‐related hospital admissions (HA) and emergency department (ED) visits (moderate certainty evidence). Exposure to heavy traffic may increase HA and deteriorate asthma control (low certainty evidence). Interventions reducing outdoor pollutants may reduce asthma exacerbations (low to very low certainty evidence). Exposure to fumigants may increase the risk of new‐onset asthma in agricultural workers, while exposure to 1,3‐dichloropropene may increase the risk of asthma‐related ED visits (low certainty evidence). Heatwaves and cold spells may increase the risk of asthma‐related ED visits and HA and asthma mortality (low certainty evidence).
Early procalcitonin assays may reduce antibiotic exposure in premature newborn infants
Authors: Hue‐Bigé Amandine , François‐Garret Bérengère , Casagrande Florence , Oertel Julie , Mayerus Mathilde , Eleni Dit Trolli Sergio 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimThe diagnosis of early‐onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) remains difficult. The main aim was to study the effect of a new algorithm for EOS, which includes the level of procalcitonin in umbilical cord blood, on the exposure to antibiotic therapy of premature newborn infants.MethodsThis was a monocentric, observational and retrospective study with before‐and‐after design. The duration and dose of antibiotic therapy provided as well as the morbidity and mortality were compared in two groups, one included 01 May 2015–30 November 2015 when procalcitonin was not used, and one after the change 01 November 2016–30 May 2017 when procalcitonin was used in a hospital setting in Nice, France.ResultsSixty newborn infants were included in the before group and 54 in the after group. Antibiotic therapy was stopped after 24 h for 18 newborn infants in the after group and four in the before group, and after 48 h for 26 newborn infants in the after group and 10 in the before group.ConclusionThe implementation of a new decision‐making algorithm including early procalcitonin assay of premature newborn infants significantly reduced exposure to antibiotics without modifying mortality or morbidity.
SGLT2 inhibition promotes glomerular repopulation by cells of renin lineage in experimental kidney disease
Authors: van der Pluijm Loïs A. K. , Koudijs Angela , Stam Wendy , Roelofs Joris J. T. H. , Danser A. H. Jan , Rotmans Joris I. , Gross Kenneth W. , Pieper Michael P. , van Zonneveld Anton Jan , Bijkerk Roel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimSodium glucose co‐transporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors stimulate renal excretion of sodium and glucose and exert renal protective effects in patients with (non‐)diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) and may as well protect against acute kidney injury (AKI). The mechanism behind this kidney protective effect remains unclear. Juxtaglomerular cells of renin lineage (CoRL) have been demonstrated to function as progenitors for multiple adult glomerular cell types in kidney disease. This study assesses the impact of SGLT2 inhibition on the repopulation of glomerular cells by CoRL and examines their phenotypic commitment.MethodsExperiments were performed in Ren1cre‐tdTomato lineage‐trace mice. Either 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6NX) modeling CKD or bilateral ischaemia reperfusion injury (bIRI) mimicking AKI was applied, while the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin (10 mg/kg) was administered daily via oral gavage for 14 days.ResultsBoth 5/6NX and bIRI‐induced kidney injury increased the number of glomerular CoRL‐derived cells. SGLT2 inhibition improved kidney function after 5/6NX, indicated by decreased blood creatinine and urea levels, but not after bIRI. In line with this, empagliflozin in 5/6NX animals resulted in less glomerulosclerosis, while it did not affect histopathological features in bIRI. Treatment with empagliflozin resulted in an increase in the number of CoRL‐derived glomerular cells in both 5/6NX and bIRI conditions. Interestingly, SGLT2 inhibition led to more CoRL‐derived podocytes in 5/6NX animals, whereas empagliflozin‐treated bIRI mice presented with increased levels of parietal epithelial and mesangial cells derived from CoRL.ConclusionWe conclude that SGLT2 inhibition by empagliflozin promotes CoRL‐mediated glomerular repopulation with selective CoRL‐derived cell types depending on the type of experimental kidney injury. These findings suggest a previously unidentified mechanism that could contribute to the renoprotective effect of SGLT2 inhibitors.
Update on endoscopic surgery in Japan: Results of the 16th National Survey of endoscopic surgery by the Japan Society for Endoscopic Surgery
Authors: Shiroshita Hidefumi , Inomata Masafumi , Takiguchi Shuji , Akira Shigeo , Kanayama Hiroomi , Yamaguchi Shigeki , Eguchi Susumu , Wada Norihito , Kurokawa Yukinori , Akagi Tomonori , Seki Yosuke , Ieiri Satoshi , Iwazaki Masayuki , Sato Yukio , Kitamura Kaoru , Tabata Minoru , Miyajima Akira , Taniguchi Fuminori , Takahashi Hiroshi , Uemura Tetsuji , Tsukamoto Shunsuke , Kanehira Aya , Okamoto Kazuma , Hashizume Makoto , Matsumoto Sumio , Kitano Seigo , Watanabe Masahiko , Sakai Yoshiharu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article reports the results of the 16th National Survey conducted by the Japan Society for Endoscopic Surgery (JSES) for 2020 and 2021. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was first introduced to Japan in 1990 and has rapidly become popular because of its minimally invasive nature. Since then, the number of objective organs and indications for laparoscopic surgery have gradually expanded. In 2021, 290 787 patients underwent endoscopic surgery in all surgical domains. Of these, 124 614, 110 757, 23 156, 21 771, 6543, 2614, 535, 465, 247, and 58 underwent abdominal, obstetric and gynecologic, thoracic, urological, pediatric, orthopedic, bariatric, mammary and thyroid gland, cardiovascular, and plastic surgery, respectively. Owing to the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection spread, the incidence of many surgeries decreased in 2020, and levels are only now gradually recovering. However, despite the impact of COVID‐19, robot‐assisted surgeries were increasingly applied. The rate of complications did not change significantly, indicating that the procedure was performed safely, even with the spread of COVID‐19.