bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flavonoid glycosides and cannabinoids from the pollen of Cannabis sativa L.
Authors: Ross Samir A. , ElSohly Mahmoud A. , Sultana Gazi N. N. , Mehmedic Zlatko , Hossain Chowdhury F. , Chandra Suman 
Published: January 2005

AbstractChemical investigation of the pollen grain collected from male plants of Cannabis sativa L. resulted in the isolation for the ﬁrst time of two ﬂavonol glycosides from the methanol extract, and the identiﬁcation of 16 cannabinoids in the hexane extract. The two glycosides were identiﬁed as kaempferol 3‐O‐sophoroside and quercetin 3‐O‐sophoroside by spectroscopic methods including high‐ﬁeld two‐dimensional NMR experiments. The characterisation of each cannabinoid was performed by GC‐FID and GC‐MS analyses and by comparison with both available reference cannabinoids and reported data. The identiﬁed cannabinoids were Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabiorcol, cannabidivarin, cannabicitran, Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabivarin, cannabicyclol, cannabidiol, cannabichromene, Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabigerol, cannabinol, dihydrocannabinol, cannabielsoin, 6a, 7, 10a‐trihydroxytetrahydrocannabinol, 9, 10‐epoxycannabitriol, 10‐O‐ethylcannabitriol, and 7, 8‐dehydro‐10‐O‐ethylcannabitriol. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The rapid determination of sideroxylonals in Eucalyptus foliage by extraction with sonication followed by HPLC
Authors: Wallis Ian R. , Foley William J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA rapid method is described for the quantiﬁcation of sideroxylonals, a group of formylated phloroglucinol compounds found in some eucalypts. Samples of dry, ground foliage were extracted by sonication with 20% methanol in acetonitrile, 7% water in acetonitrile or 40% water in acetonitrile and the extracts analysed by reversed phase HPLC. The extracts from the two water–acetonitrile extractions were stable for at least 48 h. All three sonication methods recovered more sideroxylonals than did the Soxhlet extraction with petroleum spirit and acetone. Adding 0.1% triﬂuoracetic acid to the water–acetonitrile extraction solvents led to even higher recoveries of sideroxylonals. Soaking the sample in extracting solvent for 5 min recovered 70% of the sideroxylonals, whilst sonicating the suspension for 1 min recovered the remainder. The developed method involving sonication of the sample for 5 min in 7% water in acetonitrile with 0.1% triﬂuoroacetic acid is fast and requires minimal equipment and solvents compared with the traditional methods. With an autosampler it is possible to prepare and run 100 samples a day. More importantly, the technique is ideal for the analysis of small samples, e.g. individual leaves, which is essential when studying the evolutionary ecology of eucalypts. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
First‐trimester maternal serum human thyroid‐stimulating hormone in chromosomally normal and Down syndrome pregnancies
Authors: Weinans Martin J. N. , Pratt John J. , de Wolf Ben T. H. M. , Mantingh Albert 
Published: January 2005

AbstractMaternal serum human thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were investigated in chromosomally normal and Down syndrome pregnancies to determine whether TSH can be used as a marker for Down syndrome in the first trimester. Measurements were conducted on stored serum samples collected from 23 Down syndrome pregnancies and 115 unaffected pregnancies before chorionic villus sampling (CVS), between 9 and 11 completed weeks of pregnancy. The samples were matched for gestational age, maternal age, maternal weight and duration of storage of the serum sample. Maternal TSH concentration was slightly decreased in Down syndrome pregnancies, with a median of 0.84 multiples of the median (MoM). Maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) concentration was slightly elevated in Down syndrome pregnancies, with a median of 1.03 MoM. Both differences were not significant applying matched rank analysis (p=0.50 for TSH and p=0.43 for hCG). The association between TSH and hCG in unaffected pregnancies was also measured. The Spearman correlation coefficient between TSH and hCG was −0.21 which was statistically significant (p=0.02, 95% confidence interval −0.38 to −0.03). However, it was concluded that TSH is not a useful marker for distinguishing Down syndrome‐affected pregnancies from normal pregnancies in the first trimester. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nuchal translucency thickness and outcome in chromosome translocation diagnosed in the first trimester
Authors: Sepulveda Waldo , Be Cecilia , Youlton Ronald , Carstens Eduardo , Reyes Marcelo 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn order to determine the significance of nuchal translucency thickness on the subsequent natural history of first‐trimester fetuses with a chromosome translocation, seven consecutive cases diagnosed between 11 and 13 weeks of gestation were reviewed. Nuchal translucency measurements were successfully obtained before chorionic villus sampling (CVS) in all cases. Three fetuses had an unbalanced translocation and all were associated with increased nuchal translucency and multiple anomalies at the detailed second‐trimester scan. There were no survivors in this group. The remaining four fetuses had a balanced translocation; all had normal nuchal translucency thickness and no structural anomalies were detected in the second trimester. Three of these fetuses were born at ≥35 weeks of gestation and were phenotypically normal. However, an unexpected single fetal demise occurred in a dichorionic twin pregnancy at 28 weeks of gestation. It is concluded that nuchal translucency measurements provide important prognostic information on pregnancy outcome in first‐trimester fetuses with a chromosome translocation. In parents with a known balanced translocation, the detection of increased nuchal translucency at 11–14 weeks of gestation is associated with unbalanced translocations, structural anomalies and poor pregnancy outcome. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mild pyelectasis
Authors: Chudleigh Trish 
Published: January 2005

AbstractMild pyelectasis is a common finding which is often incidental, with no significant long term sequelae. However, there is a small association with aneuploidy and postnatal renal pathology. In this paper the aetiology and prognosis are discussed and the management strategies described. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Non‒visualisations of the fetal bladder: aetiology and management
Authors: Wilcox D. T. , Chitty Lyn S. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFailure to detect a normally filled fetal bladder on ultrasound scanning can imply the presence of a serious urogenital abnormality. Detailed scanning may elicit the underlying pathology, but there may be complex anomalies present, the full extent of which often has to await the results of postnatal investigations. Management in a combined paediatric urology:fetal medicine clinic is recommended. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two‐dimensional mapping as a tool for classification of green coffee bean species
Authors: Gil‐Agusti Maria Teresa , Campostrini Natascia , Zolla Lello , Ciambella Corrado , Invernizzi Carlo , Righetti Pier Giorgio 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTwo species of the genusCoffea,Coffea arabica(Colombia) andCoffea canephora(Indiano Robusta) were analysed by two‐dimensional (2‐D) maps in order to obtain fingerprints of the expressed polypeptide chains and to determine which ones would characterize the two species. Green beans were milled under liquid nitrogen. A dry powder was produced by three different extraction protocols aimed at eliminating interfering substances (polyphenols). A reduced powder was produced by two successive extractions performed in acetone. Trichloroacetic acid (TCA; 10% w/v) and β‐mercaptoethanol (0.07% v/v) in acetone were used for the first extraction (a) and 10% w/v TCA in acetone was used for the second extraction (b). Proteins were then solubilized in a solution (40 µLper1 mg powder) containing 7 Murea, 2 Mthiourea, 3% w/v 3‐(3‐cholamidopropyldimethyl‐amino)‐1‐propanesulfate, 1% v/v carrier ampholytes, 40 mMTris, 5 mMtributylphosphine and 10 mMacrylamide as alkylating agent. Following incubation at room temperature for 1 hour and centrifugation (7000 rpm for 20 minutes), the supernatant was used for 2‐D electrophoresis. The proteins were revealed by Sypro Ruby staining. Master maps of the five replicas of each species were compared by PDQuest analysis. The results of this differential proteome analysis were: sixteen proteins were expressed solely inC. canephora(var. Indiano Robusta) and five proteins were only found inC. arabica(var. Colombia). Another eight proteins were up‐regulated inC. canephora(var. Indiano Robusta) in comparison toC. arabica(var. Colombia) and one was down‐regulated in the same comparison. A number of these polypeptide chains were further characterized by mass spectrometry in the matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation‐time of flight mode. Additionally, considering the low number of protein sequences of Coffea present in the databases we also investigated some spots with a more powerful tool, reversed phase‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionisation‐tandem mass spectrometry, thus obtaining an internal peptide sequence. The general properties of the identified proteins are presented and discussed.
A proteomic tool for protein identification from tandem mass spectral data
Authors: Zhao Yupeng , Lin Yen‐Han 
Published: January 2005

AbstractInstead of using the probability mean, a simple and yet effective heuristic approach was employed to treat experimentally obtained tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) data for protein identification. The proposed approach is based on the total number (T) of identified experimental MS/MS data. To warrant the subsequent ranking, the total number of identified b‐ and y‐type ions (Tb+y) must be greater than 50% of T. Peptides having the same T and Tb+y are either ranked by the contiguity of identified ions or discarded during identification. When compared to other protein identification tools, good agreement with the searched results was seen.
Identification of grass pollen allergens by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis and serological screening
Authors: Corti Valeria , Cattaneo Angela , Bachi Angela , Rossi Renato E. , Monasterolo Giorgio , Paolucci Clara , Burastero Samuele E. , Alessio Massimo 
Published: January 2005

AbstractApproximately 50% of allergic patients are sensitized against grass pollen allergens. The characterization of specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) reactivity to allergen components in pollen‐allergic patients is fundamental for clinical diagnosis and for immunotherapy. Complex allergen extracts are commonly used in diagnostic tests as well as in immunotherapy preparations, but their composition in single allergenic molecules is only partially known. Diagnostic tests which utilize recombinant or immuno‐purified allergens have been made available in clinical practice. They allow to obtain specific profiles of IgE reactivity, but the panel of available molecules is far from complete. Here, we used a proteomic approach in order to detect grass allergens from a natural protein extract. A five‐grass pollen extract used for diagnosis and immunotherapy was resolved by two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2‐DE), and assayed with 9 sera from pollen‐allergic patients whose sensitization profile was dissected by using IgE reactivity to recombinant allergens. 2‐DE immunoreactivity patterns were matched with IgE reactivity to identify protein spots as candidate allergens. Identity was confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. We identified 6 out of 8 expected clinically relevant allergens in the natural grass extract. Moreover, we identified different molecular isoforms of single allergens, thus obtaining a more detailed profile of IgE reactivity. Some discrepancies in protein isoform profile and sera immunoreactivity between recombinant and native allergen 5 from Phleum pratense were observed and a new putative allergen was described. The proteomic approach applied to the analysis of a natural allergen allows the comprehensive evaluation of the sensitization profile of allergic patients and the identification of new allergens.
Protein identification from product ion spectra of peptides validated by correlation between measured and predicted elution times in liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry
Authors: Kawakami Takao , Tateishi Keita , Yamano Yuko , Ishikawa Takashi , Kuroki Kazuyuki , Nishimura Toshihide 
Published: January 2005

AbstractReversed‐phase liquid chromatography (LC) directly coupled with electrospray‐tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is a successful choice to obtain a large number of product ion spectra from a complex peptide mixture. We describe a search validation program, ScoreRidge, developed for analysis of LC‐MS/MS data. The program validates peptide assignments to product ion spectra resulting from usual probability‐based searches against primary structure databases. The validation is based only on correlation between the measured LC elution time of each peptide and the deduced elution time from the amino acid sequence assigned to product ion spectra obtained from the MS/MS analysis of the peptide. Sufficient numbers of probable assignments gave a highly correlative curve. Any peptide assignments within a certain tolerance from the correlation curve were accepted for the following arrangement step to list identified proteins. Using this data validation program, host protein candidates responsible for interaction with human hepatitis B virus core protein were identified from a partially purified protein mixture. The present simple and practical program complements protein identification from usual product ion search algorithms and reduces manual interpretation of the search result data. It will lead to more explicit protein identification from complex peptide mixtures such as whole proteome digests from tissue samples.
Two‐dimensional electrophoretic profiling of normal human kidney glomerulus proteome and construction of an extensible markup language (XML)‐based database
Authors: Yoshida Yutaka , Miyazaki Kenji , Kamiie Junichi , Sato Masao , Okuizumi Seiji , Kenmochi Akihisa , Kamijo Ken'ichi , Nabetani Takuji , Tsugita Akira , Xu Bo , Zhang Ying , Yaoita Eishin , Osawa Tetsuo , Yamamoto Tadashi 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTo contribute to physiology and pathophysiology of the glomerulus of human kidney, we have launched a proteomic study of human glomerulus, and compiled a profile of proteins expressed in the glomerulus of normal human kidney by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis (2‐DE) and identification with matrix‐assisted laser desorption / ionization‐time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS) and / or liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS / MS). Kidney cortices with normal appearance were obtained from patients under surgical nephrectomy due to renal tumor, and glomeruli were highly purified by a standard sieving method followed by picking‐up under a phase‐contrast microscope. The glomerular proteins were separated by 2‐DE with 24 cm immobilized pH gradient strips in the 3–10 range in the first dimension and 26 × 20 cm sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide electrophoresis gels of 12.5% in the second dimension. Gels were silver‐stained, and valid spots were processed for identification through an integrated robotic system that consisted of a spot picker, an in‐gel digester, and a MALDI‐TOF MS and / or a LC‐MS / MS. From 2‐DE gel images of glomeruli of four subjects with no apparent pathologic manifestations, a synthetic gel image of normal glomerular proteins was created. The synthetic gel image contained 1713 valid spots, of which 1559 spots were commonly observed in the respective 2‐DE gels. Among the 1559 spots, 347 protein spots, representing 212 proteins, have so far been identified, and used for the construction of an extensible markup language (XML)‐based database. The database is deposited on a web site (http://www.sw.nec.co.jp/bio/rd/hgldb/index.html) in a form accessible to researchers to contribute to proteomic studies of human glomerulus in health and disease.
Expanding the proteome two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis reference map of human renal cortex by peptide mass fingerprinting
Authors: Magni Fulvio , Sarto Cecilia , Valsecchi Cristina , Casellato Stefano , Ferrero Bogetto Stefano , Bosari Silvano , Di Fonzo Andrea , Perego Roberto A. , Corizzato Matteo , Doro Giancarlo , Galbusera Carmen , Rocco Francesco , Mocarelli Paolo , Kienle Marzia Galli 
Published: January 2005

AbstractProteomics methodologies hold great promise in basic renal research and clinical nephrology. The classical approach for proteomic analysis couples two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis (2‐DE) with protein identification by mass spectrometry, to produce more global information regarding normal protein expression and alterations in different physiological and pathological states. In this report we have expanded the identification of proteins in the renal cortex, improving the previously published map to facilitate the study of different diseases affecting the human kidney. About 250 spots were analyzed by peptide mass fingerprinting, 89 proteins and 74 isoforms for some of them were identified and implemented in the normal human renal cortex 2‐DE reference map. This more comprehensive view of the proteome of the human renal cortex could be of invaluable help to the differential proteomic display of urological diseases.
Association of body composition and lung function in children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Pedreira C.C. , Robert R.G.D. , Dalton V. , Oliver M.R. , Carlin J.B. , Robinson P. , Cameron F.J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractSurvival in cystic fibrosis has improved significantly in the last 30 years, with major therapeutic goals of delaying the progressive loss of pulmonary function and maintaining normal growth. Dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was performed in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) to assess both bone mineral density and body composition. We hypothesised that there would be an association between body composition and pulmonary function in children with CF. Fifty subjects with CF (28 males), mean age 12.7 years, participated in the study. Body composition was determined by DEXA. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from the ratio of weight/height2 (kg/m2). Lung function was assessed by spirometry. Most patients (78%) had mild lung disease. The mean forced expired volume in 1 sec precent predicted (FEV1% predicted) for the 50 patients was 79.2% (range, 24–117%). There was a strong association between FEV1% predicted and BMI (R = 0.59, P = 0.0001). Fat‐free mass had positive association with pulmonary function tests (R = 0.30, P = 0.03). Although fat mass showed a positive correlation with pulmonary function, this association did not reach statistical significance. In our group of children with CF and mild lung disease, pulmonary function was more strongly associated with BMI than with fat and fat‐free mass. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2005; 39:276–280. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Predictors of disease severity in children with asthma in Hartford, Connecticut
Authors: Ramsey Clare D. , Celedón Juan C. , Sredl Diane L. , Weiss Scott T. , Cloutier Michelle M. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractChildhood asthma is a major public health problem in the United States, particularly among minority populations. The aim of our study was to examine the relationship among ethnicity, allergen sensitization, spirometric measures, and asthma severity in children with mild to severe asthma who received their medical care in Hartford, Connecticut. Four hundred thirty‐eight children aged 4–18 years who were enrolled in an asthma care program (Easy Breathing©) in Hartford and who were referred for spirometry and allergy skin testing participated in this cross‐sectional study. Risk factors for increased asthma severity as defined by National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP) guidelines were determined using multinomial logistic regression. Of 438 children, 383 (87.4%) had mild to moderate asthma, and 292 (66.7%) had at least one positive skin test to allergens. Forced expiratory volume in 1 sec/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) was significantly decreased in children with severe vs. mild asthma (80.7 vs. 87.3, respectively). In a multivariate analysis, predictors of severe asthma included African‐American ethnicity (odds ratio (OR) = 3.70, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.10–12.42), Puerto Rican ethnicity (OR = 3.55, 95% CI = 1.18–10.67), sensitization to cockroach allergen (OR = 4.34, 95% CI = 1.73–10.86), and decreased FEV1/FVC (OR for every 1% decrease in FEV1/FVC = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.02–1.11). In conclusion, among children with asthma in Hartford and its surrounding communities, predictors of disease severity included African‐American ethnicity, Puerto Rican ethnicity, sensitization to cockroach allergen, and decreased FEV1/FVC. Our findings suggest that FEV1/FVC is a useful indicator of asthma severity in children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2005; 39:268–275. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of organosilicon pyrethroid‐like insecticides on nerve preparations of American cockroaches and crayfish
Authors: Nishimura Keiichiro , Okimoto Hiroshi 
Published: January 2005

AbstractQuaternary organosilicon pyrethroid‐like ethers (five compounds) and alkanes (three compounds) were used for neurophysiological tests. Their activities in inducing repetitive firing in the central nervous cord of the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) were evaluated by an extra‐cellular recording method. The ethers were more active than the corresponding alkanes. The ability of the compounds to cause conduction blockage was also measured using the same nerve preparations, but the effects were too weak to allow definitive activity values to be determined. The compounds prolonged the sodium tail‐current in the crayfish giant axon under voltage clamp conditions. The rate of decay of the tail‐current changed in parallel with the reported insecticidal activity against P americana. These findings indicated that tail‐current activity was the most useful nerve parameter in predicting insecticidal activity. Regression analysis of the numerical data together with those reported for other alkanes revealed that the higher the tail‐current activity, the higher the insecticidal activity when a structural feature and the hydrophobicity were considered separately. The insecticidal activity of the ethers was about seven‐fold higher than that of the alkanes with equivalent tail‐current activity and hydrophobicity. Variations in insecticidal activity were parabolically correlated with the hydrophobicity [(log P)opt = 9.1] when other factors were similar.© 2001 Society of Chemical Industry