bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoter methylation of p16INK4a, RASSF1A, and DAPK is frequent in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma
Authors: Li Jiang , El‐Naggar Adel , Mao Li 
Published: June 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDPromoter methylation is a common mechanism of inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in multiple tumor types. However, little is known about its role in the development of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary gland (ACC). In the current study, the authors investigated whether promoter methylation is common in ACC and whether it may influence ACC development.METHODSThe promoter methylation status of the genes p16INK4a, RASSF1A, DAPK, and MGMT, which are important in cell growth regulation, apoptosis, and DNA repair, was determined in tissue sections of tumor samples from 60 patients with ACC using methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction. The association between methylation status and patients' clinical and pathologic characteristics were assessed.RESULTSOf the 60 tumors, DNA methylation of the p16INK4a promoter was detected in 28 tumors (47%); the respective values DNA methylation of the RASSF1A, DAPK, and MGMT promoters were 25 tumors (42%), 16 tumors (27%), and 4 tumors (7%), respectively. Forty‐six tumors (77%) had DNA methylation in ≥ 1 of the 4 promoters, 20 tumors (33%) had DNA methylation in ≥ 2 promoters, 6 tumors (10%) had DNA methylation in ≥ 3 promoters, and 1 tumor (2%) had DNA methylation in all 4 promoters. RASSF1A promoter methylation was more frequent in high‐grade tumors than in low‐grade tumors (P = 0.009), in advanced‐stage tumors (P = 0.008), and in tumors with metastasis (P = 0.005).CONCLUSIONSPromoter methylation of p16INK4a, RASSF1A, and DAPK was common in ACC, and it is possible that such methylation may influence the development of ACC. The high frequency of RASSF1A promoter methylation in high‐grade tumors and in tumors with metastasis suggested a role for this gene in the progression of ACC. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Analysis of extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas according to the New American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system focused on tumor classification problems in 222 patients
Authors: Hong Seung‐Mo , Kim Mi‐Jung , Pi David Y. , Jo Daniel , Cho Hyung Jun , Yu Eunsil , Ro Jae Y. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlthough the sixth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma was updated, the system has a problem on T classification due to its ambiguous definition of T1 as “tumor confined to bile duct histologically” and T2 as “tumor invading beyond the bile duct.”METHODSThe authors considered the outermost part of the muscle layer or fibrous tissue as within the extrahepatic bile duct and considered the area starting from large clusters of adipose tissue as beyond the extrahepatic bile duct. After designing a precise definition of the extrahepatic bile duct wall, they analyzed the new AJCC staging system in 222 patients with of extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas. Then, other clinicopathologic variables for prognosis were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses.RESULTSThe 5‐year survival rates for patients with tumors that were classified as T1, T2, T3, and T4 were 53.1%, 29.7%, 24.9%, and 0%, respectively. There was a significant difference in survival between patients with T1 tumors and T2 tumors (P < 0.05), but not between patients with T2 tumors and T3 tumors. Significant prognostic factors included depth of invasion (P < 0.005), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.005), and patient age (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSBased on a proposed histologic definition, depth of invasion was practical for evaluating the prognosis of patients with middle and upper extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas. Therefore, the authors recommended changing the current pT1 and pT2 classifications to more precise pathologic terminology. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Victim needs and conjugal violence: Do victims want decision‐making power?
Authors: Wemmers Jo‐Anne , Cousineau Mary‐Marthe 
Published: June 2005

AbstractDo victims of domestic violence want to retain decision‐making power, which critics say may be taken away by no‐drop, mandatory‐arrest procedures? Using procedural justice theory as a theoretical framework for the discussion, the authors review the research on the needs and expectations of victims of domestic violence.
Restorative justice responses to post–September 11 hate crimes: Potential and challenges
Authors: Volpe Maria R. , Strobl Staci 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThis article focuses on the extent to which victim‐offender mediation was utilized by restorative justice practitioners in response to anti‐Arab and anti‐Muslim harassment and other September 11–related hate crimes. Specific attention was given to the disparity between the advocacy for victim‐offender mediation in these incidents and its actual use, and the lessons to be learned from restorative justice efforts after September 11.
Updating reactivated memories in infancy: II. Time passage and repetition effects
Authors: Galluccio Lissa , Rovee‐Collier Carolyn 
Published: June 2005

AbstractPrevious attempts to modify a reactivated memory by passively exposing infants to a novel cue immediately after reactivation were unsuccessful. Presently, we examined other conditions in which passive exposure to a novel cue immediately after reactivation might modify the memory. In three experiments, sixty‐two 3‐month‐olds learned to move a distinctive mobile by kicking, forgot the training memory, and then received a reminder that reactivated it. Immediately afterward, they were passively exposed to a novel mobile. We found that passive exposure to novel information could modify reactivated memories that were older or had been reactivated before. Although exposure to a novel mobile occasionally produced only retroactive interference, memory modification never occurred alone, suggesting that response suppression to the original cue is prerequisite for the modification of reactivated memories. We propose that memory distortion (modification) is not an anomaly but is an adaptive, updating mechanism that ensures that behavior will be guided by memories containing contemporaneous information. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 47: 18–30, 2005.
Updating reactivated memories in infancy: I. Passive‐ and active‐exposure effects
Authors: Galluccio Lissa 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThis study examined the vulnerability of infants' reactivated memories to modification. In three experiments, one hundred eight 3‐month‐olds learned to move a distinctive mobile by kicking. After the operant task was forgotten, its memory was recovered by a reactivation treatment. Immediately afterward, attempts were made to modify the reactivated memory by exposing infants to a novel mobile. Exposing the novel mobile immediately after the reactivation treatment did not affect the reactivated memory (Experiment 1). When exposure to the novel mobile was delayed for 24 hr, the novel mobile temporarily interfered with recognition of the original mobile, but did not modify the reactivated memory (Experiment 2). Only when the contingency was briefly associated with the novel mobile (an active‐exposure procedure) was the reactivated memory modified (Experiment 3). These data reveal that infants' recently reactivated memories are surprisingly resistant to updating unless the operant contingency that established the original memory accompanies the new information. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 47: 1–17, 2005.
NMR T1‐Relaxation Measurements on Paramagnetic Organolanthanides:An Alternative Tool for Structure Determination in Solution
Authors: Brachais Laurent , Visseaux Marc 
Published: June 2005

Abstract1H NMR investigations were conducted on four paramagnetic organolanthanides, all bearing the tetraisopropylcyclopentadienyl ligand Cp4i (HC5iPr4) in order to verify whether or not interactions observed in the solid state are maintained in solution. In some cases variable‐temperature experiments were necessary to enhance the resolution and determine the best conditions for the study. The 1D NMR spectrum could be interpreted in every case. Complementary 2D COSY experiments allowed the full attribution of the signals. T1 (1H) relaxation values were determined for all the paramagnetic complexes at the most suitable temperature, and compared with those of the diamagnetic KCp4i. The same tendency was observed, with particular features concerning the isopropyl groups. Among the four methyl groups, one exhibits a much higher T1 value and one a much lower value; the two others are intermediate. This was interpreted as the result of a privileged conformation of the Cp4i ligand: the two α‐isopropyl groups take up a spatial orientation with one methyl group in the exo position, opposite to the metal atom, whereas the methyl groups of the two β‐isopropyl groups are equidistant from the metal atom. Whatever the nature of the metal (Nd, Sm), the oxidation state (SmII, SmIII) or the temperature (298, 363 K), this conformation is retained. The structure in solution seems to be different from that previously determined in the solid state. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
A Comparative Assessment of the Effect of the Lewis Acidity of the Central Tin Atom on Intramolecular Coordination of (3‐Methoxypropyl)stannanes
Authors: Lébl Tomáš , Zoufalá Petra , Bruhn Clemens 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe recently studied set of (3‐methoxypropyl)stannanes of general formula RxSnCl4–x [R = (CH2)3OCH3, x = 4 (1), x = 3 (2), x = 2 (3) and x = 1 (4)] is extended with two new sets of (3‐methoxypropyl)stannanes of general formula RPh3–xSnClx [x = 0 (5), x = 1 (6) and x = 2 (7)] and RSn(S2CNEt2)3–xClx [x = 0 (8), x = 1 (9) and x = 2 (10)]. The molecular structures of 6, 7, 9 and 10 in the solid state were determined by X‐ray diffraction. In compounds 6 and 7, the 3‐methoxypropyl ligand forms a C,O‐chelate and the tin atom is coordinated as a distorted trigonal bipyramid with the oxygen and one chlorine atom in the axial positions. Compounds 9 and 10 are hexacoordinate with a distorted octahedral ligand arrangement. While the 3‐methoxypropyl ligand in 10 also forms a C,O‐chelate, the oxygen atom in 9 is not coordinated to the central tin atom. The structures in a non‐coordinating (CDCl3) and a coordinating solvent ([D6]DMSO) were studied by multinuclear 1H, 13C and 119Sn NMR spectroscopy. It is proposed that the structures found in the solid state are retained upon dissolution in CDCl3. Compounds 5, 8 and 9 also preserve their structures in [D6]DMSO. On the other hand, an equilibrium, in which one or more molecules of solvent enter the coordination sphere of the central tin atom and cleave the oxastannacycle, is established in [D6]DMSO solutions of 6, 7 and 10. A comparison of the J coupling constants obtained from 1D 1H,119Sn HMQC and 2D 1H,119Sn J‐HMBC spectra and the J coupling constants derived from conventional 1D 13C NMR spectra shows that the best indicator of the O→Sn donor–acceptor interaction in 3‐methoxypropylstannanes is the 3J value. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Addition of Enolisable Ketones to (dpp‐bian)Mg(THF)3 [dpp‐bian =1,2‐Bis{(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imino}acenaphthene]
Authors: Fedushkin Igor L. , Skatova Alexandra A. , Fukin Georgii K. , Hummert Markus , Schumann Herbert 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe enolates [(dpp‐bian)(H)]Mg[OC(=CHPh)CH2Ph](THF)2 (6), [(dpp‐bian)(H)]Mg[OC(=CPh2)CH3](THF)2 (7) and [(dpp‐bian)(H)]Mg(camphor)(py)2 (8) were prepared by treating (dpp‐bian)Mg(THF)3 (1) with equimolar amounts of dibenzyl ketone, 1,1‐diphenylacetone and camphor, respectively. Single‐crystal X‐ray structure analyses showed these enolates to be five‐coordinate, trigonal bipyramidal magnesium complexes with terminal, nonbridging enolate ligands. In solutions of 6 and 7 the proton, which in the solid‐state is attached to only one of the two nitrogen atoms of the dpp‐bian ligand, is delocalised between both nitrogen atoms. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Freestanding, Highly Flexible, Large Area, Nanoporous Alumina Membranes with Complete Through‐Hole Pore Morphology
Authors: Schneider Jörg J. , Engstler Jörg , Budna Karl P. , Teichert Christian , Franzka Steffen 
Published: June 2005

AbstractElectrochemical anodic oxidation of aluminium metal sheets leads to the formation of compact and dense, but highly porous alumina surfaces on top of the anode. The alumina surfaces obtained by anodic oxidation can be detached from the bare metal by using a voltage detachment procedure, without employing chemical etching techniques. This procedure leads to large area porous alumina membranes with closed backsides. Prestructuring of the aluminium base metal leads to ordered pore regions at anodisation voltages of 25, 40 and 50 V, resulting in porous alumina membranes with pore diameters of 33, 40 and 72 nm. The careful opening of the backside alumina membranes can be realised by acid treatment leading to highly flexible large area porous alumina membranes with complete through‐hole pore morphology. The backside pore‐opening process realised by chemical etching is strongly dependent on time and acid concentration and is best monitored routinely by microscopy techniques in order to gain control over the process. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
A practical way to manage IT costs
Authors: Iijima Timothy 
Published: June 2005

AbstractInformation technology (IT) consumes 4 percent of a typical large company's revenue. And these days, companies are under tremendous pressure to manage IT costs—while also handling new concerns about disaster recovery, security, and regulatory compliance. That's tough, concedes the author of this article. But he offers a tested, practical strategy to get the job done. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Are you safe from son of spam?
Authors: Fanning Kurt , Goldberg Stephen R. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractCompanies are spending more time and money protecting corporate e‐mail. But just when we think we're winning the battle against spam, a new enemy pops up—Son of Spam! How can your company protect itself from the next generation of security threats? © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Balanced scorecard at Summa health system
Authors: Smith Heather , Kim Il‐woon 
Published: June 2005

AbstractHow do you translate an organization's mission and vision into values, and then make sure that these become part of daily operations? At Summa Health System, the answer has been to implement a balanced scorecard in response to external forces, including increasing competition and emerging technologies. In particular, this article discusses implementation and use of the balanced scorecard in Summa Health System's Food and Nutrition Services Department, including the advantages and disadvantages encountered. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Acidogenic fermentation of blended food‐waste in combination with primary sludge for the production of volatile fatty acids
Authors: Min KS , Khan AR , Kwon MK , Jung YJ , Yun Z , Kiso Y 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe performance of a laboratory‐scale anaerobic acidogenic fermenter fed with a mixture of blended kitchen food‐waste and primary sludge from a sewage treatment plant was investigated for the production of volatile fatty acids (VFA). The operating variables for acidogenic fermentation were kitchen food‐waste content (10 and 25 wt %), hydraulic retention time (HRT: 1, 3 and 5 days), temperature (ambient: 18 ± 2 °C, and mesophilic: 35 ± 2 °C) and pH (varied from 5.2 to 6.7). The experimental results indicated that effluent VFA concentrations and VFA production rates were higher at ambient temperature than at mesophilic conditions. The net amount of VFA with 10 wt % food‐waste increased up to 920 mg dm−3 with an increase of HRT, but contrasting results (a decrease of 2610 mg dm−3) were found due to the conversion of VFA into biogas in the case of 25 wt % food‐waste, which increased significantly at HRT of 3–5 days. In terms of biogas composition (CO2 and CH4), the organic matter was converted into CO2 through the oxidative pathway by facultative species at low temperature while mesophilic temperature and optimum pH (6.3–7.8) played a pivotal role in increasing rate of conversion of VFA into biogas by methanogenesis. Rates of VFA production and their conversion are dependent on the food‐waste content in the mixture. Yet, the higher concentration of food‐waste (25% compared with 10%) did not produce VFA proportionally due to the increased rate of conversion of VFA into gaseous products. The maximum VFA production rate (0.318 g VFAproduced g−1 VSfed day−1) was achieved in the 10 wt % food‐waste at ambient temperature and at a 5‐day HRT. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Fine structure of the mineralized teeth of the chiton Acanthopleura echinata (Mollusca: Polyplacophora)
Authors: Wealthall Rosamund J. , Brooker Lesley R. , Macey David J. , Griffin Brendan J. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe major lateral teeth of the chiton Acanthopleura echinata are composite structures composed of three distinct mineral zones: a posterior layer of magnetite; a thin band of lepidocrocite just anterior to this; and apatite throughout the core and anterior regions of the cusp. Biomineralization in these teeth is a matrix‐mediated process, in which the minerals are deposited around fibers, with the different biominerals described as occupying architecturally discrete compartments. In this study, a range of scanning electron microscopes was utilized to undertake a detailed in situ investigation of the fine structure of the major lateral teeth. The arrangement of the organic and biomineral components of the tooth is similar throughout the three zones, having no discrete borders between them, and with crystallites of each mineral phase extending into the adjacent mineral zone. Along the posterior surface of the tooth, the organic fibers are arranged in a series of fine parallel lines, but just within the periphery their appearance takes on a “fish scale”‐like pattern, reflective of the cross section of a series of units that are overlaid, and offset from each other, in adjacent rows. The units are approximately 2 μm wide and 0.6 μm thick and comprise biomineral plates separated by organic fibers. Two types of subunits make up each “fish scale”: one is elongate and curved and forms a trough, in which the other, rod‐like unit, is nestled. Adjacent rod and trough units are aligned into large sheets that define the fracture plane of the tooth. The alignment of the plates of rod‐trough units is complex and exhibits extreme spatial variation within the tooth cusp. Close to the posterior surface the plates are essentially horizontal and lie in a lateromedial plane, while anteriorly they are almost vertical and lie in the posteroanterior plane. An understanding of the fine structure of the mineralized teeth of chitons, and of the relationship between the organic and mineral components, provides a new insight into biomineralization mechanisms and controls. J. Morphol. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microtriches of tetraphyllidean metacestodes from Western Mediterranean striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba)
Authors: Agustí Celia , Aznar Francisco Javier , Raga Juan Antonio 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe tegumental structures of two types of tetraphyllidean plerocercoids and two types of merocercoids (Phyllobothrium delphini and Monorygma grimaldii) from Mediterranean striped dolphins, Stenella coeruleoalba, are described for the first time using scanning electron microscopy. The tegument of all of the specimens was fully covered with microtriches. Four basic types were found: filitriches, blade‐like spinitriches of different sizes and shapes, cone‐shaped spinitriches (with two parallel small projections of equal length at the apex), and crowned cylindrical spinitriches (with 6–7 small papillae forming a crown at the apex); the two latter types are newly described. The two types of plerocercoids had a similar morphology and distribution of microtriches; in addition, cilium‐like projections appeared interspersed among the microtriches on the apical sucker, accessory suckers, and distal bothridial loculus. Merocercoids exhibited a greater variety of tegumental structures, especially on the distal bothridial loculus. Both merocercoid types had regularly spaced papillae or “buttons” on the accessory suckers and the distal bothridial loculus that were composed of a central cilium‐like projection surrounded by numerous filitriches. However, crowned cylindrical spinitriches were specific to P. delphini and cone‐shaped spinitriches were specific to M. grimaldii. Differences in the morphology and distribution of scolex microtriches of adult cestodes have been considered useful for species identification. A previous molecular study has suggested that P. delphini and M. grimaldii are actually different congeneric species. Our study has shown that significant differences in the morphology and distribution of microtriches occur between these species at the merocercoid stage. J. Morphol. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microglia function in brain tumors
Authors: Watters Jyoti J. , Schartner Jill M. , Badie Behnam 
Published: June 2005

AbstractMicroglia play an important role in inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). These cells have also been identified in brain neoplasms; however, as of yet their function largely remains unclear. More recent studies designed to characterize further tumor‐associated microglia suggest that the immune effector function of these cells may be suppressed in CNS tumors. Furthermore, microglia and macrophages can secrete various cytokines and growth factors that may contribute to the successful immune evasion, growth, and invasion of brain neoplasms. A better understanding of microglia and macrophage function is essential for the development of immune‐based treatment strategies against malignant brain tumors. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of a novel bioactive poly[(lactic acid)‐co‐(glycolic acid)] and collagen hybrid matrix for dermal regeneration
Authors: Ng Kee Woei , Louis Jevon , Tuan Ho Barnabas Saey , Achuth Hosur N , Lu Jia , Moochhala Shabbir , Lim Thiam Chye , Hutmacher Dietmar W 
Published: June 2005

AbstractDifferent strategies have been explored for the purpose of autologous or allogeneic dermal regeneration. We have developed a hybrid matrix by lyophilizing collagen within a poly[(lactic acid)‐co‐(glycolic acid)] (10:90, molar composition) knitted mesh, in order to assimilate the advantages of natural and synthetic materials. The porosity of the mesh was found to be almost 95 %, using Micro‐Computed Tomography Analysis, while the mechanical properties were comparable to native skin. In vitro biocompatibility was analyzed by culturing rat dermal fibroblasts in the matrices over 10 days. The cells were able to attach, proliferate and remain viable within the hybrid matrices. Subsequently, in vivo biocompatibility was analyzed by implanting the matrices subcutaneously in immunocompetent rats, for 2 weeks. Histological analysis showed that the poly[(lactic acid)‐co‐(glycolic acid)]–collagen hybrid matrices evoked minimal host tissue response in vivo. This study forms the basis of using poly[(lactic acid)‐co‐(glycolic acid)]–collagen hybrid matrices for our future work to develop a bioactive matrix for dermal regeneration. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry