bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dermatological Side Effects of Sildenafil among a group of Iraqi Males
Authors: Matloob Nadheer A. 
Published: December 2023

Background: Sildenafil is a drug that is used to treat erectile dysfunctions, it acts by inhibiting CGMP specific phosphodiesterase type 5, an enzyme that regulates blood flow in the penis. The most common adverse effects of sildenafil are headache, dyspepsia, nasal congestion and impaired vision which includes photophobia and blurred vision. Many dermatological side effects are present like flushing, urticaria, sweating and many others.Patients and Methods: Fifty six males were included in this study, with ages between 37 – 60 years and a mean age of 50.1 ± 7.1years. The study was conducted from November 2004 till May 2009 in the Department of Dermatology of Al-Kadhymia Teaching Hospital in Baghdad; all patients experienced dermatological side effects every time they use the drug. Full history and full examination including dermatological examination were done for all patients.Results: The commonest dermatological side effect was flushing of the face which was seen in 44 (78.6%) patients followed by hyperhydrosis which was seen in 14 (25%) patients then urticaria which was seen in 12 (21.4%) patients. It is seemed that side effects were more with 100mg dose than with 50mg dose (78 side effect against 22 one) and this result was statistically significant.Conclusion: Dermatological side effects of sildenafil are fairly common and dermatologist must be aware of these side effects especially when he searches for the cause of angioedema, urticaria, pruritis as well as erythroderma.
Prevalence and pattern of endocrinological abnormalities in oligospermic and azoospermic patients.
Authors: Al Najar Ali F. 
Published: December 2023

Background: Hormones have very important role in spermatogenesis and production capacity of testis. Disturbances in their vlevels can be very crucial in dysfunction of testis which results in men infertility. This study carried out to evaluate the hormonal disturbances in men infertility and its correlation with semen parameters and types of infertility.Patients and Methods: Blood and semen samples were collected from 91 infertile men and 20 healthy and fertile control who attended Al-Kadymiah hospital and some private clinics in Baghdad from January to December 2009.Semen and serum samples were analysed for semen parameter and FSH, LH, Testosterone and prolactin levels.Results: Fifty one (56%) of infertile men were found with azoospermia, 22(24%) were with mildoligospermia and 18(20%) were with severoligospermia.Semen analysis of infertile men showed very low quality parameters with a non homogenized hormonal results.Elevation of FSH and LH with low level of testosterone were detected in azoospermic and Severoligospermic groups, while elevation of FSH with hyperprolactinaemia were detected in mildoligospermia.Conclusion: FSH and LH elevated levels were found to have a major role in azoospermia and severoligospermia, while prolactine and FSH elevations were correlated with mildoligospermia. Also these hormonal disturbances were found to associate with the quality of the semen where the low semen quality parameters detected in those with FSH, LH elevation and low level of testosterone. We concluded that hormonal disturbances can be considered as a reliable indicator to distinguish between non obstructive (over levels of FSH, LH and decrease level of testosterone) and obstructive (over levels of FSH,prolactin) types of infertility which is very important in therapy.
Comparison Effect Of Vitamin C Vaginal Tablet Versus Oral Metronidazole For Treatment Of Bacterial Vaginosis
Authors: Humadi Esraa H. 
Published: December 2023

Back ground: Bcaterial vaginosis is an important gynecological problem, during reproductive age group with high relapse rate ,it is associated with high vaginal PH, vaginal vitamin C recently tried to decreased vaginal PH and treat bacterial vaginosis.Patients & Methods: One hundred and one women with Bacterial vaginosis their age range from 18-40 years enrolled in this study, the Diagnosis is confirmed by at least 3out of 4 of (Amsel criteria) which include a thin homogenous vaginal discharge, vaginal PH of ≥4.7, a characteristic ''amine odour'' release when alkali (lo% KOH) is added to a specimen of vaginal fluid, and at least 20% of epithelial cells having the appearance of clue cell in a wet mount of vaginal fluid or on gram stain . All women were randomly assigned to receive either 250mg vitamin C vaginal table at bed time for 6days (51patients) or oral metronidazole 500mg twice daily for 7days (50 patients) the patients were evaluated at two follow up visit 1st after treatment completed and 2nd one week later. Therapeutic success was defined as the presence of less than 3 Amsel criteria.Results: Regarding the infection with bacterial vaginosis no significant difference between two groups, (15.9%) of patients still infected with bacterial vaginosis at 1st follow up visit in (vagi-C) treated group. Compare to 26.7% of metronidazole group P=0.5, this confirmed at 2nd follow up visit P=0.1. Regarding vaginal PH there is significant reduction of vaginal PH in both groups at end of treatment P=0.0032 in Vagi-C, and P=0.0001 in metronidazole treated group.Conclusion: Vitamin C vaginal table 250mg has effective as oral metronidazole for treatment of bacterial vaginosis.
Pengaruh Stock Split Dan Reverse Stock Split Terhadap Volume Perdagangan Dan Harga Saham Pada Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2015-2020
Authors: Sriwardani Novi , Yulianti Rahmah , Rahmi  
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh stock split dan reverse stock split terhadap volume perdagangan dan harga saham pada Perusahaan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2015-2020. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan path analisis, sampel penelitian dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 5 perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Stock Split dan reverse stock split berpengaruh tidak signifikan secara simultan terhadap volume perdagangan pada Perusahaan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2015-2020 ß1 = 1,9908, ß2 =1,9988 nilai kritis (0,336 >0,05), Stock Split, Reverse Stock Split dan volume perdagangan berpengaruh tidak signifikan secara simultan terhadap harga saham Pada Perusahaan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2015-2020, ß1 = 108,874, ß2 = -115,093, ß3 = -3,9778 nilai kritis (0,384>0,05), Stock Split berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap volume perdagangan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2015-2020, ß1 = 1,9908 nilai kritis 0,238 (0,238> 0,05), Reverse Stock Split berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap volume perdagangan pada Perusahaan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2015-2020, ß1 = 1,9988 nilai kritis 0,323 (0,323≥ 0,05), Stock Split berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap harga saham pada Perusahaan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2015-2020, ß1 = 108,874 nilai kritis 0,232 (0,232> 0,05), Reverse stock split berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap harga saham Pada Perusahaan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2015-2020, ß1 = -115,093, nilai kritis 0,288 (0,288> 0,05), Volume perdagangan berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap harga saham Pada Perusahaan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2015-2020, ß1 = -3,9778 nilai kritis 0,697 (0,697 > 0,05).
ANALISIS PUTUSAN HAKIM TENTANG PENERAPAN HUKUM TINDAK PIDANA PERDAGANGAN HANDPHONE COPY
Authors: Adabi Muhammad Ikhwan , Ath Thariq Phoenna , Darusman S Chandra 
Published: December 2023

Dalam menegakkan hukum Hakim wajib mempertimbangkan segala keputusannya demi terwujudnya nilai dari suatu putusan hakim yang mengandung keadilan dan kepastian hukum, dan juga mengandung manfaat bagi para pihak yang bersangkutan sehingga pertimbangan hakim ini harus disikapi dengan teliti, baik, dan cermat. Putusan merupakan mahkota hakim. Mahkota hakim harus terhindar dari kecacatan atau kekeliruan. Putusan hakim yang cacat atau keliru akan mengakibatkan tidak sempurnanya suatu putusan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif karena penelitian ini meneliti putusan pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Utara pada Perkara Nomor 1246/Pid.Sus/2020/PN Jkt.Utr didukung penelitian kepustakaan dari literatur- literatur yang berkaitan dengan pembahasan penelitian ini. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu hakim dalam mengadili putusan keliru dan tidak sesuai dengan dakwaan Penuntut Umum. Hasil pembahasan yaitu sesuai Pasal 182 Ayat 4 UU Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 tentang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP), menyatakan bahwa musyawarah terakhir hakim untuk mengambil keputusan harus didasarkan atas surat dakwaan dan segala sesuatu yang terbukti dalam pemeriksaan di sidang. Berdasarkan aturan ini, pada prinsipnya, hakim tidak dapat menjatuhkan hukuman kepada terdakwa jika perbuatan tersebut tidak didakwakan oleh penuntut umum dalam surat dakwaan. Penuntut Umum mendakwakan Pasal 62 ayat (1) Undang-Undang No. 8 tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen, Namun dalam bagian mengadili hakim memutuskan terdakwa bersalah melakukan perbuatan “pencurian dengan pemberatan”. Jika dilihat peristiwa pidananya terdakwa membeli Handphone HDC yang tidak bersertifikat sesuai ketentuan Peraturan Menteri Kominfo No. 16 Tahun 2018, kemudian dijual kembali secara online melalui beberapa market place. Maka dapat dikatakan bahwa terdakwa bukan melakukan “pencurian dengan pemberatan” tetapi melakukan perdagangan. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa hakim pada Putusan Nomor: 1246/Pid.Sus/2020/PN Jkt.Utr, keliru dalam mengadili dan memutus perkara.
Kata Kunci: Putusan Hakim, Penerapan Hukum, Perdagangan
GAMPONG MUSLIMIN: STRATEGI PENCEGAHAN RADIKALISME BERBASIS HUKUM ISLAM DI ACEH BARAT
Authors: Asy'ari Asy'ari 
Published: December 2023

Radikalisme merupakan ancaman nyata bagi masa depan Indonesia. Tindakan radikalisme menyebabkan lahirnya konflik-konflik antar kelompok dan juga bisa menyebabkan rusaknya tatanan sosial dan budaya dalam masyarakat. Menyadari bahaya yang sangat besar dari radikalisme, Pemerintah Aceh Barat berusaha keras mencegah terjadinya radikalisme melalui program Gampong Muslimin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi Pemerintah dalam upaya pencegahan radikalisme melalui program Gampong Muslimin berbasis hukum Islam di Aceh Barat dan kendala Pemerintah dalam melaksanakan program Gampong Muslimin terhadap upaya pencegahan radikalisme berbasis radikalisme di Aceh Barat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian lapangan dengan pola kualitatif. Dalam pembahasannya menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Adapun hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu Strategi Pemerintah Kabupaten Aceh Barat dalam upaya pencegahan radikalisme melalui Program Gampong Muslimin berbasis hukum Islam meliputi memperkuat pemahaman agama Islam yang benar sesuai dengan prinsip Islam yang rahmatan lil alamin, mengadakan sosialisasi tentang bahaya radikalisme ke sekolah dan pesantren dalam lingkup Gampong Muslimin, mengadakan Kongres Santri, melaksanakan Training of Trainer (ToT) Guru Dayah. Adapun kendala yang dihadapi Pemerintah Kabupaten Aceh Barat dalam upaya pencegahan radikalisme melalui program Gampong Muslimin berbasis hukum Islam yaitu kurangnya anggaran yang tersedia dan sumber daya manusia yang berbeda antara kota dan desa.
Tanggungjawab Notaris Terhadap Pembuatan Perubahan Atau Pencabutan Perjanjian Perkawinan
Authors: Arsawan I Gede Yudi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The marriage agreement is an agreement agreed upon by the prospective husband and wife before or at the time of marriage to determine the legal consequences of marriage on their treasure, under certain circumstances, it is also possible for a married couple to make changes and even revocation of the Marriage Agreement that has been made as long as it is in accordance with the law. This article encourages the notary to be carefully in making the deed of amendment or revocation of the Marriage Agreement so that the notary can protect the interests of the third parties involved and to avoid all claims and lawsuits that may be filed by third parties if someone is harmed, because if the deed made by a notary is detrimental to third parties, then the deed will be null and void.
Keywords: Notary, Marriage Agreement, Cause of Law

Abstrak
Perjanjian Perkawinan merupakan perjanjian yang disepakati oleh calon suami isteri sebelum atau pada saat perkawinan untuk menentukan akibat hukum perkawinan terhadap harta benda milik mereka, dalam keadaan tertentu maka pasangan suami isteri juga dimungkinkan untuk melakukan perubahan dan bahkan pencabutan Perjanjian Perkawinan yang telah dibuatnya selama telah sesuai dengan ketentuan Undang-Undang. Artikel ini mendorong agar notaris melakukan secara saksama dalam pembuatan akta perubahan atau pencabutan Perjanjian Perkawinan agar notaris dapat melindungi kepentingan pihak ketiga yang terkait serta agar terhindar dari segala tuntutan dan gugatan yang mungkin diajukan oleh pihak ketiga apabila ada yang dirugikan, karena apabila akta yang dibuat oleh notaris merugikan bagi pihak ketiga maka akta tersebut akan batal demi hukum.
Kata kunci: Notaris, Perjanjian Perkawinan, Akibat Hukum
PREJUDICIEEL GESCHIL DAN KEPAILITAN SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENGEMBALIAN KERUGIAN KORBAN INVESTASI ILLEGAL DI INDONESIA
Authors: Simorangkir Ronal Roges Simorangkir 
Published: December 2023

Penegakan Hukum dalam perkara Investasi Illegal atau Penipuan Investasi tidak selesai dengan dipidananya pelaku investasi illegal atau penipuan investasi, selalu menyisakan persoalan terkait pengembalian kerugian korban, seringkali korban tidak mendapat keadilan karena barang bukti hasil tindak pidana tidak dikembalikan kepada korban bahkan dinyatakan dirampas untuk negara, sehingga harus dikaji bagaimana solusi atas permasalahan pengembalian kerugian korban penipuan investasi atau investasi illegal, salah satu persoalan utamanya adalah tidak adanya mekanisme penyelesaian yang komprehensif dan tuntas terkait pengembalian kerugian kepada korban dalam sistem peradilan pidana, hal ini juga diperparah dengan banyaknya putusan yang saling bertentangan antara putusan perkara pidana dan perdatanya dalam konteks perkara Investasi Illegal atau Penipuan Investasi, berdasarkan hal-hal tersebut mengkombinasikan lembaga Prejudicieel Geschil dan Kepailitan merupakan solusi konkret untuk menjawab persoalan tidak adanya mekanisme pengembalian kerugian korban dalam sistem peradilan pidana sekaligus solusi mencegah putusan yang saling bertentangan.

Keywords: Investment, Prejudicieel Geschil, Bankruptcy
FINANCIAL IDENTITY THEFT : DARI TINDAK PIDANA INFORMASI ELEKTRONIK KE KEJAHATAN DATA PRIBADI
Authors: Febriansyah  
Published: December 2023

Financial identity theft merupakan salah satu bentuk kejahatan terhadap data pribadi yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh keuntungan ekonomis seperti pengajuan kredit atau pinjaman dengan cara menggunakan data pribadi milik orang lain. Sebelum lahirnya Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 Tentang Pelindungan Data Pribadi (UU PDP), kasus yang relevan pernah terjadi serta diputus oleh Majelis Hakim Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Utara. Dalam Putusan Nomor 96/Pid.Sus/2022/PN.Jkt.Utr pelaku dinyatakan bersalah atas perbuatan mentransmisikan Informasi Elektronk milik orang lain sebagaimana dimaksud Pasal 32 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan hukum terkait tindak pidana Financial identity theft baik sebelum maupun setelah berlakunya UU PDP. Dalam penelitian ini Penulis menggunakan metote yuridis normatif yang dibantu dengan Pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukan, meskipun dapat diterapkan, Pasal 32 ayat (1) UU ITU masih terlalu umum, karna tidak hanya mengatur tentang tindak pidana Financial identity theft. Dengan lahirnya UU PDP kiranya dapat menjadi lex specialis terhadap kejahatan terkait data pribadi khususnya Financial identity theft yang dilakukan melalui media elektronik.

Kata kunci: Financial identity theft, Kejajahatan Data Pribadi, Cybercrime, Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik
The Effects of Antibiotics on the Development and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Švecová Petra , Jakubec Petr , Škarda Jozef , Glogarová Veronika , Mitták Marcel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
There have been studies on antibiotic use concerning lung cancer and its potential impact on carcinogenesis and microbiome. However, subsequent research has failed to support these associations consistently. In terms of the potential carcinogenic of antibiotics on lung cancer, the available evidence has not been sufficient to draw any definitive conclusions. Maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing pathogen invasion is critically dependent on the microbiome. The subtle balance of the body microbiota, including the lungs, is susceptible to disruption by antibiotic use. There is an association between disruptions of the lung microbiome and respiratory diseases, including lung cancer, and decreased efficacy of treatments. Patients with lung cancer are often indicated for antibiotic treatment due to respiratory infections or other comorbidities. Pulmonary infections in the area of undetected lung tumors are not uncommon. They can be an early sign of malignancy, which may explain the association between antibiotic use and lung cancer diagnosis. Antibiotic use can also affect the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Studies suggest that antibiotic use can impair the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in lung cancer patients, particularly around the time when treatment is initiated. These findings require further study, understanding underlying mechanisms, and identifying microbiota signatures associated with treatment response.
CPRE em paciente com gastrectomia parcial e reconstrução a Billroth II – relato de caso
Authors: Amaral Matheus de Andrade , Toledo Aline Perciano Lopes , Barbosa Joanny de Lima e Silva , Da Costa Daniel Pacheco , Amaral Carlos Henrique Barros , Melo Tiago Torres , Batista Leandro Valério Costa 
Published: December 2023

Introdução: A colangiopancreatografia retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE) é o tratamento de escolha em pacientes com coledocolitíase. No entanto, apesar de sua alta taxa de sucesso, em alguns casos não é bem-sucedida, exigindo manobras alternativas. A gastrectomia parcial a Billroth II é uma condição associada a uma importante taxa de dificuldade e eventualmente falha da CPRE. Quando o acesso endoscópico convencional mostra-se ineficaz, deve-se desenvolver materiais e técnicas a fim de minimizar as adversidades durante o procedimento. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 81 anos, com quadro de coledocolitíase com passado cirúrgico de gastrectomia parcial à Billroth II, foi submetida a CPRE com auxílio de duodenoscópio e acesso à via biliar através de infundibulotomia após passagem de prótese pancreática. Conclusão: Descrevemos o caso de uma paciente com coledocolitíase e gastrectomia parcial à Billroth II, submetida ao tratamento endoscópico por CPRE com variação técnica inovadora ao acesso da via biliar obtendo sucesso terapêutico.
Nonagenarians in Hyperpolypharmacy: relationship between the level of drug interactions and sociodemographic, clinical, and functional characteristics
Authors: Rubert Viviane Maura , Riva Alice Motta Dalla , Soares Carolina Boeira , Weber Eduarda Kotlinsky , Benvegnu Giovana Breitenbach , Eilers Isadora Souza , Moroni Luisa Lehr , De Fraga Viviane Cardoso , Zawislak Rafael Braccio , Ely Mariana Graeff Bins , De Ros Luisa Vitoria Pontalti , Danzmann Leticia , Velho Isabella Knorr , E Silva Fernanda Mambrini So , Radin Vanessa , Gilbert Bethany , Morgan Tracie , Bós Angelo Jose Gonçalves 
Published: December 2023

Aim: This research aimed to study the association of drug interactions and sociodemographic, clinical, and functional characteristics in nonagenarians in hyperpolypharmacy. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of an evaluation performed by the Multiprofessional Care for the Oldest-old Project in 2016, with participants identified in hyperpolypharmacy. Results: Results revealed that 69% of 29 participants had at least one major drug interaction, 41% had 10 or more moderate interactions, and 59% had minor interactions. The study revealed significant relationships for major drug interactions with the characteristics of recurrent urinary tract infections, anxiety, and palpitations. The study found near significance for white colour, not good general health and appetite, depression, and impaired cognition. For moderate drug interaction, findings showed a relationship near significance for females, perception of not good general health and appetite, hypertension, diabetes, urinary infection, depression scale change, agitation, pain, fatigue, and a fear of falling. For minor drug interactions, the study revealed significant findings for an association with depression, and apathy or sleepiness. There were findings near significance for an association with white colour, diabetes, agitation, pain, fatigue, and cough. Conclusion: Drug interactions are highly prevalent among nonagenarians in hyperpolypharmacy, with clinical and quality of life impact. Thus, they must be constantly evaluated for the presence of drug interactions at all levels of care, whether in primary care or in specialized care. A study with larger sample size and longitudinal contour is proposed to prove the importance of our observations.
Lipedema e caracteristicas relevantes: revisão de literatura
Authors: Corrêa Anna Clara Ascendino , Barbosa Roberta Perillo , E Souza Mariana Araújo , Do Prado André Luís Cardoso , Siqueira Emanoele de Freitas , Silva Geovana Cabral , Da Silva Guilherme Leão , Souza Rafael Beze , Inácio Jordanna Porto , Nunes Filho Paulo Roberto , Cavalcante Júnior José Ubiracy Martins , Porto Joana D´Arc Silvério 
Published: December 2023

Introdução: O lipedema, recentemente introduzido na 11ª revisão da Classificação Internacional de Doenças. Estima-se que metade das pessoas acometidas pelo lipedema, estejam em sobrepeso ou com obesidade, sendo uma associação de comorbidades que dificulta o diagnóstico. O diagnóstico errôneo é preocupante, pois atrasa o tratamento da doença permitindo a sua progressão. Objetivo: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura (RIL) com objetivo de analisar o que se tem construído em pesquisas anteriores relacionadas ao lipedema. Metodologia: A busca dos artigos científicos foram os disponibilizados nos Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Os artigos constassem os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) com as palavras: lipedema and procedimento and cirurgia and mulher, e que fossem revisados por pares, nas línguas inglesa e portuguesa. a partir da aplicação dos critérios previamente definidos O período de busca foi realizado nos meses de maio a agosto de 2023. Resultados e Discussão: Foram elegíveis 12 artigos. A análise dos artigos encontrados possibilitou a evidente necessidade de conhecimento e clareza no diagnóstico do lipedema. As mulheres são as mais afetadas pela doença. A área afetada pode incluir os quadris, as pernas bilateral e simetricamente. E uma das principais características distintivas do lipedema é a preservação dos pés, o que pode criar um degrau distinto no tornozelo. Assim, a importância do diagnóstico diferencial. O procedimento cirúrgico como tratamento apresentou melhores resultados. Entretanto, a associação de todos os tratamentos sobressaiu na qualidade de melhora dos aspectos do lipedema. Conclusão: Essa revisão apontou para o complexo diagnóstico do lipedema. Esse assunto persiste como um desafio e deve instigar mais pesquisadores na busca para um diagnóstico preciso, opções de tratamento e até mesmo no sentido de prevenção para satisfazer a população assistida, no caso a maioria são as mulheres. A melhor opção indicada pelos estudos analisados foi o tratamento cirúrgico realizado pela lipoaspiração.