bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Home‐based multi‐sensory and proximal strengthening program to improve balance inCharcot–Marie–Tooth disease Type 1A: Aproof of concept study
Authors: Dudziec Magdalena M. , Lee Laurence E. , Massey Charlotte , Tropman David , Skorupinska Mariola , Laurá Matilde , Reilly Mary M. , Ramdharry Gita M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsPeople with Charcot–Marie–Tooth Disease (CMT) frequently report problems with balance, which lead to an increased risk of falls. Evidence is emerging of training interventions to improve balance for people with CMT, but to date all have relied on clinic‐based treatment and equipment. This proof‐of‐concept study explored whether a multi‐modal program of proprioceptive rehabilitation and strength training can be delivered at home, to improve balance performance in people with CMT Type 1A.MethodsFourteen participants with CMT Type 1A were recruited into this randomized, two‐arm study. Baseline assessments included measures of disease severity, posturography, physical function, and patient‐reported outcome measurements. All participants received one falls education session. Participants were randomized to either 12 weeks of balance training or 12 weeks of usual activities. The intervention comprised a home‐based, multi‐sensory balance training and proximal strengthening program, supported by three home visits from a physiotherapist.ResultsThirteen participants completed the study. The intervention was successfully implemented and well tolerated, with high participation levels. Functional measures of balance and walking showed strong effect sizes in favor of the training group. Posturography testing demonstrated moderate improvements in postural stability favoring the intervention group. Inconsistent changes were seen in lower limb strength measures.DiscussionThe intervention was feasible to implement and safe, with some evidence of improvement in balance performance. This supports future studies to expand this intervention to larger trials of pragmatic, home‐delivered programs through current community rehabilitation services and supported self‐management pathways.
Ultrahigh efficiency and enhanced discharge energy density at low loading of nanofiller in trilayered polyvinylidene fluoride‐Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 nanocomposites
Authors: Jaidka Sachin , Singh Dwijendra P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPoly(vinylidene)fluoride‐Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 (PVDF‐BST) trilayered nanocomposites (with different vol% loading of BST nanoparticles, i.e. 0.75%, 1.50%, 2.25% and 3.00%) has been processed by the tape casting technique. The upper and lower layers of the nanocomposites are casted in the same direction, whereas the middle layer is casted in the opposite direction. The trilayered PVDF‐BST nanocomposite consisting of 3.00 vol% of BST nanoparticles exhibited high dielectric permittivity (~25), low tangent loss (~0.03) and moderately high breakdown strength (BDS ~282 MV/m). Moreover, it also possesses a high discharge energy density (~7.8 J/cc at 1400 kV/cm) and efficiency (~93%). A mechanism for the excellent energy storage behavior and dielectric properties has been proposed. Where, moderately high BDS and low tangent loss are associated with the spatial distribution of the local electric field at interlayer interfaces of PVDF‐BST trilayered nanocomposites, which restricts the conduction of charge carriers at high electric field. The ultrahigh efficiency and enhanced discharge energy density is attributed to the formation of interfacial dipoles at various interfaces such as interlayer, intralayer (PVDF/PVDF), and PVDF/BST interfaces. These investigations would be adopted as a futuristic strategy for developing excellently efficient polymer‐ceramic nanocomposites for the high energy density capacitors used in pulsed power applications.Highlights
PVDF‐BST trilayered nanocomposites exhibit high ε′ ~25 and low tanδ ~0.03.
Nanocomposite shows ultra‐high energy efficiency ~93% and enhanced UD ~ 7.8 J/cc.
Mechanism for the excellent energy storage and dielectric properties
Relies on the interfacial dipoles and distribution of the local electric field.
Attention biases the process of risky decision‐making: Evidence from eye‐tracking
Authors: Hu Mengchen , Chang Ruosong , Sui Xue , Gao Min 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAttention determines what kind of option information is processed during risky choices owing to the limitation of visual attention. This paper reviews research on the relationship between higher‐complexity risky decision‐making and attention as illustrated by eye‐tracking to explain the process of risky decision‐making by the effect of attention. We demonstrate this process from three stages: the pre‐phase guidance of options on attention, the process of attention being biased, and the impact of attention on final risk preference. We conclude that exogenous information can capture attention directly to salient options, thereby altering evidence accumulation. In particular, for multi‐attribute risky decision‐making, attentional advantages increase the weight of specific attributes, thus biasing risk preference in different directions. We highlight the significance of understanding how people use available information to weigh risks from an information‐processing perspective via process data.
Use of pembrolizumab among older adults with cancer in the United States, before and after FDA approval of its tumor‐agnostic indication
Authors: Hong Yoon Duk , Enewold Lindsey , Halpern Michael T. , Zeruto Chris , Mariotto Angela B. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionPembrolizumab, an anticancer immunotherapy agent, has received multiple approvals since its first approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2014. Limited data exist on its real‐world use and shifts post tumor‐agnostic approval in 2017 for the treatment of patients with any microsatellite instability‐high/mismatch repair deficient (MSI‐H/dMMR) solid tumors. This study analyzes pembrolizumab's pre and post‐tumor‐agnostic approval use among older U.S. adults, revealing its evolving role in oncology practice.MethodsUsing the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare data (2014–2019), we examined the cancer sites of pembrolizumab recipients before and after tumor‐agnostic approval. Cancer sites were classified based on the timing of site‐specific approvals (before/after tumor‐agnostic approval) or no site‐specific approval, and inclusion in MSI‐H/dMMR clinical trials.ResultsThe total number of pembrolizumab recipients increased from 4221 in the pre‐agnostic period to 20 479 in the post‐agnostic period. Pembrolizumab was used for a broad range of cancer types, including cancers that had no FDA‐approved site‐specific indications at the time of use (25.8% in pre‐ and 24.6% in post‐agnostic periods). The proportion of pembrolizumab recipients receiving pembrolizumab for cancers with site‐specific approvals before tumor‐agnostic approval decreased from 77.3% to 70.8%. The proportion of pembrolizumab recipients receiving pembrolizumab for cancers that gained site‐specific approvals following tumor‐agnostic approval almost doubled (6.8% to 13.0%). The proportion of pembrolizumab recipients with cancers included in MSI‐H/dMMR trials also doubled (12.3% to 25.5%) following tumor‐agnostic approval.ConclusionsPembrolizumab use has expanded over time among older adults with cancer, extending beyond those with FDA‐approved site‐specific indications.
A simultaneous eigen valued expression to model the three coupled electronic states with triply and doubly degenerate seams together II
Authors: Xavier F. George D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn part I a novel and yet complicated mathematical model to predict the presence of triply degenerate seam was presented and was illustrated its efficiency using some physical models. Here in this part, a discussion on the the model's ability to account for the triple degeneracy found in the potential energy surface is presented in addition to a discussion on the derivatives and its discontinuities and infiniteness at a specific point. Analytical evaluation of derivatives is possible in principle but in practice, numerical approximation to the exact derivatives is the only way out to solve this problem. Two examples (one being physical and the other being chemically realistic) are taken to the probe the above mentioned properties of the proposed simultaneous model. Integration of model function gives finite values everywhere irrespective of the point of degeneracy being present or not. This is just opposite to derivative evaluation.
Theoretical investigation on the reaction mechanisms of O2‐initiated gas‐phase oxidation of lignin model compounds
Authors: Dong Shuqi , Zhang Hui , Du Xia , Yao Tingyu , Shang Yan , Jing Liquan , Hu Jinguang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTransforming renewable lignin into high value‐added chemicals is a forward‐looking strategy to address the resource waste caused by insufficient utilization of biomass resources. On this basis, studying the efficient conversion of lignin to aldehydes/acids and their reaction mechanisms has become an attractive topic. A systematic investigation of the gas‐phase oxidation reaction mechanisms of the three model compounds initiated by O2 was carried out at the atomic and molecular levels by using density functional theory (DFT). Further revealing of oxidation behavior on two reaction sites of phenolic hydroxyl group and hydroxymethyl group were accomplished in detail. The potential energy surface information of 21 possible reaction channels of two pathways were obtained at B3LYP/6‐311+G(d,p) level. The influence of substituent effects on the reaction energy barrier was estimated. The calculation results showed that the reactivity of phenolic hydroxyl group is stronger than that of hydroxymethyl group, because the reaction Gibbs potential barriers are lower by about 4.9–8.7 kcal/mol. The reaction energy barriers on phenolic hydroxyl group site and hydroxymethyl group site decrease with the increase of the number of methoxy groups. Revealing the oxidation processes of lignin model compounds will provide a deeper understanding on the reaction mechanism and provide theoretical support for further experimental research on the conversion of lignin into high value‐added chemicals.
Universal Platform for Robust Dual‐Atom Doped 2D Catalysts with Superior Hydrogen Evolution in Wide pH Media
Authors: Adofo Laud Anim , Kim Seon Je , Kim Hyung‐Jin , Choi Soo Ho , Lee Su Jin , Won Yo Seob , Kirubasankar Balakrishan , Kim Jae Woo , Oh Chang Seok , Ben‐Smith Andrew , Elorm Anthonio Enoch , Jeong Hu Young , Lee Young Hee , Kim Young‐Min , Han Young‐Kyu , Kim Soo Min , Kim Ki Kang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLayered 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been suggested as efficient substitutes for Pt‐group metal electrocatalysts in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, poor catalytic activities in neutral and alkaline electrolytes considerably hinder their practical applications. Furthermore, the weak adhesion between TMDs and electrodes often impedes long‐term durability and thus requires a binder. Here, a universal platform is reported for robust dual‐atom doped 2D electrocatalysts with superior HER performance over a wide pH range media. V:Co‐ReS2 on a wafer scale is directly grown on oxidized Ti foil by a liquid‐phase precursor‐assisted approach and subsequently used as highly efficient electrocatalysts. The catalytic performance surpasses that of Pt group metals in a high current regime (≥ 100 mA cm−2) at pH ≥ 7, with a high durability of more than 70 h in all media at 200 mA cm−2. First‐principles calculations reveal that V:Co dual doping in ReS2 significantly reduces the water dissociation barrier and simultaneously enables the material to achieve the thermoneutral Gibbs free energy for hydrogen adsorption.
Application Scopes of Miniaturized MXene‐Functionalized Electrospun Nanofibers‐Based Electrochemical Energy Devices
Authors: Khademolqorani Sanaz , Banitaba Seyedeh Nooshin , Gupta Ashish , Poursharifi Nazanin , Ghaffari Ali Akbar , Jadhav Vijaykumar V. , Arifeen Waqas Ul , Singh Mandeep , Borah Munu , Chamanehpour Elham , Mishra Yogendra Kumar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractExploring combinatorial materials, as well as rational device configuration design, are assumed to be the key strategies for deploying versatile electrochemical devices. MXene sheets have revealed a high hydrophilic surface with proper mechanical and electrical characteristics, rendering them supreme additive candidates to integrate in electrospun electrochemical power tools. The synergetic effects of MXene 2D layers with the nanofibrous networks can boost actuator responsive ability, battery capacity retention, fuel cell stability, sensor sensitivity, and supercapacitor areal capacitance. Their superior mechanical features can be endowed to the electrospun layers through the embedding of the MXene additive. In this review, the preparation and inherent features of the MXene configurations are briefly evaluated. The fabrication and overall performance of the MXene‐loaded nanofibers applicable in electrochemical actuators, batteries, fuel cells, sensors, and supercapacitors are comprehensively figured out. Eventually, an outlook on the future development of MXene‐based electrospun composites is presented. A substantial focus has been devoted to date to engineering conjugated MXene and electrospun fibrous frames. The potential performance of the MXene‐decorated nanofibers presents a bright future of nanoengineering toward technological growth. Meanwhile, a balance between the pros and cons of the synthesized MXene composite layers is worthwhile to consider in the future.
Human-Centered Work Design for the Internet of Production
Authors: Baier Ralph , Brauner Philipp , Brillowski Florian , Dammers Hannah , Liehner Luca , Pütz Sebastian , Schneider Sebastian , Schollemann Alexander , Steuer-Dankert Linda , Vervier Luisa , Gries Thomas , Leicht-Scholten Carmen , Mertens Alexander , Nagel Saskia K. , Schuh Günther , Ziefle Martina , Nitsch Verena 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLike all preceding transformations of the manufacturing industry, the large-scale usage of production data will reshape the role of humans within the sociotechnical production ecosystem. To ensure that this transformation creates work systems in which employees are empowered, productive, healthy, and motivated, the transformation must be guided by principles of and research on human-centered work design. Specifically, measures must be taken at all levels of work design, ranging from (1) the work tasks to (2) the working conditions to (3) the organizational level and (4) the supra-organizational level. We present selected research across all four levels that showcase the opportunities and requirements that surface when striving for human-centered work design for the Internet of Production (IoP). (1) On the work task level, we illustrate the user-centered design of human-robot collaboration (HRC) and process planning in the composite industry as well as user-centered design factors for cognitive assistance systems. (2) On the working conditions level, we present a newly developed framework for the classification of HRC workplaces. (3) Moving to the organizational level, we show how corporate data can be used to facilitate best practice sharing in production networks, and we discuss the implications of the IoP for new leadership models. Finally, (4) on the supra-organizational level, we examine overarching ethical dimensions, investigating, e.g., how the new work contexts affect our understanding of responsibility and normative values such as autonomy and privacy. Overall, these interdisciplinary research perspectives highlight the importance and necessary scope of considering the human factor in the IoP.
Toward Holistic Digital Material Description During Press-Hardening
Authors: Wesselmecking Sebastian , Ackermann Marc , Blankart Charline , Wang Jing , Brasche Frederike , Plum Tobias , Qin Siyuan , Pütz Felix , Münstermann Sebastian , Broeckmann Christoph , Hirt Gerhard , Krupp Ulrich 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPress hardening of manganese-boron steels is one of the most widely used production processes for high-strength automotive components. The low residual formability of these parts is a decisive disadvantage. The low formability originates from a strong, but brittle martensitic microstructure transformed during quenching in the press-hardening tool. In contrast, medium manganese steels (MMnS) contain high fractions of ductile retained austenite improving press-hardened parts toward promising candidates for crash-relevant car body components. Disadvantages include a more complex alloy design, a highly sensitive production process, and more demanding requirements on the tool due to higher strength during press-hardening.A detailed description of the entire production process along the process chain including the material and the press-hardening tool is important for tailoring the properties. Combined information is required to enable a precise control of the production process and its influences on the final properties of the part. Maximum economic use of the material is achieved by digitally describing MMnS as well as the tool along the entire process chain (casting, forging, hot rolling, cold rolling, galvanizing and press hardening including Q&P). To link the process steps and to describe the changes of the material, a new material database structure (idCarl) was developed. All production parameters are recorded and processed as a digital material twin. Ultimately, deviations occurring during production process can be deduced from in-line data analysis and counteracted. These can then be counteracted by adapted process control and the product can be brought back into the required parameter field of properties. Clear identification of the component and the used material allows conclusions about steps responsible for errors in the production process that become apparent during use.
Interplay Between Company-Internal and -External Perspectives on the Internet of Production: Implications for Governance, Organization, Capabilities, and Interfaces
Authors: Lüttgens Dirk , Mertens Alexander , Millan Michael , Nitsch Verena , Piller Frank T. , Pütz Sebastian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Internet of Production (IoP), the global and integrated use of production data, will completely reshape how organizations operate and interact with each other. We introduce how these developments will affect the usage phase including value creation and capture in the future manufacturing ecosystem. Our analysis highlights requirements and implications for governance, organization, capabilities, and interfaces. These factors are considered from both a company internal and a company external perspective on usage as well as in terms of their interplay. The internal perspective focuses on the role of humans in interacting with IoP-based technology in future socio-technical production systems. The external perspective describes how value is captured and shared between stakeholders by incorporating data based on platform-based industrial ecosystems. The interplay of the two perspectives is exemplarily discussed using a foresight study on next-generation manufacturing.
A Digital Shadow Reference Model for Worldwide Production Labs
Authors: Michael Judith , Koren István , Dimitriadis Iraklis , Fulterer Judith , Gannouni Aymen , Heithoff Malte , Hermann Annkristin , Hornberg Katharina , Kröger Moritz , Sapel Patrick , Schäfer Niklas , Theissen-Lipp Johannes , Decker Stefan , Hopmann Christian , Jarke Matthias , Rumpe Bernhard , Schmitt Robert H. , Schuh Günther 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDue to their growing amount and heterogeneity, we need a precise and standardized understanding about the foundation, structure, and forms of aggregation and especially the use of data and models within the production domain. Our aim is to investigate how to model data elements and static and dynamic relationships as well as their physical resources in the IoP, in a cross-disciplinary life cycle spanning cooperation as a basis for information management, meeting all technical, scientific-ethical, and legal framework conditions. The core solution for this challenge is the use of an adequate set of modeling techniques, transformations, and their integration with digital shadows. This chapter provides a deep insight into relevant concepts that constitute a digital shadow, link it to their semantics defined by appropriate metamodels, and discuss the data and models a digital shadow consists of in four use cases. We show a method to derive digital shadows and introduce their life cycle in relation to the product life cycle. These concepts are the foundation for data and model sharing within digital shadows applicable for worldwide production labs.
Materials Within a Digitalized Production Environment
Authors: Broeckmann Christoph , Bührig-Polaczek Andreas , Hallstedt Bengt , Krupp Ulrich , Rajaei Ali , Rom Michael , Rudack Maximilian , Schmitz Georg J. , Wesselmecking Sebastian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMaterials serve as the foundation of the technical framework on which modern society relies every day. Generations have developed new materials, tried to understand the origins of their properties, and found ways to predict them. Modern computational tools have vastly expanded our capabilities to make predictions, not only of material properties but also of component properties and of the component health status over its life cycle. Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) aims at simulating the material and component properties along the complete process chain and across the length scales from microstructure to component scale. In this way a digital twin of the material or component can be generated, which can be leveraged to facilitate gains in productivity and service life of technical systems. By reducing the complexity of models for the digital twin where necessary, combining them with in-process data using innovative sensor technology and suitable mathematically driven approximation procedures such as machine learning, it is possible to conceive a digital material shadow that resolves elements of the dilemma between data granularity, data volume, and processing speed to enable process monitoring and control for materials processing. To enable communication between humans and machines it is necessary to create a strictly defined language in the form of ontologies. Ontologies are typically domain-specific, but care must be taken to make them consistent across domains. Integrated Structural Health Engineering (ISHE) aims at predicting and monitoring the health state of components over their entire life cycle, enabling timely replacement of components and avoiding costly and possibly life-threatening failures. In particular when components are subjected to cyclic loading, their structural health does not primarily depend on the average material properties, but on the presence of more or less statistically distributed defects. These defects are intrinsic to materials processing, cannot be completely avoided, and evolve during various stages of the production process. The objective of ISHE is to predict their formation and evolution during the production process and their impact on the component structural health during its life cycle. It is clear that the material and component properties are strongly dependent on the process by which they are produced. Therefore, many of the topics discussed in this part have relational counterparts in Part IV, “Production”.