bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grafted human-induced pluripotent stem cells-derived oligodendrocyte progenitor cells combined with human umbilical vein endothelial cells contribute to functional recovery following spinal cord injury
Authors: Li Qian , Liu Sumei , Zheng Tianqi , Li Mo , Qi Boling , Zhou Liping , Liu Bochao , Ma Dan , Zhao Chao , Chen Zhiguo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease that causes extensive damage to oligodendrocytes and neurons leading to demyelination and axonal degeneration. In this study, we co-transplanted cell grafts containing oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) combined with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), which were reported to promote OPCs survival and migration, into rat contusion models to promote functional recovery after SCI.

Methods
OPCs were derived from iPSCs and identified by immunofluorescence at different time points. Functional assays in vitro were performed to evaluate the effect of HUVECs on the proliferation, migration, and survival of OPCs by co-culture and migration assay, as well as on the neuronal axonal growth. A combination of OPCs and HUVECs was transplanted into the rat contusive model. Upon 8 weeks, immunofluorescence staining was performed to test the safety of transplanted cells and to observe the neuronal repairment, myelination, and neural circuit reconstruction at the injured area; also, the functional recovery was assessed by Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan open-field scale, Ladder climb, SEP, and MEP. Furthermore, the effect of HUVECs on grafts was also determined in vivo.

Results
Data showed that HUVECs promote the proliferation, migration, and survival of OPCs both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, 8 weeks upon engraftment, the rats with OPCs and HUVECs co-transplantation noticeably facilitated remyelination, enhanced functional connection between the grafts and the host and promoted functional recovery. In addition, compared with the OPCs-alone transplantation, the co-transplantation generated more sensory neurons at the lesion border and significantly improved the sensory functional recovery.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates that transplantation of OPCs combined with HUVECs significantly enhances both motor and sensory functional recovery after SCI. No significance was observed between OPCs combined with HUVECs group and OPCs-alone group in motor function recovery, while the sensory function recovery was significantly promoted in OPCs combined with HUVECs groups compared with the other two groups. These findings provide novel insights into the field of SCI research.
Lp quasi-norm minimization: algorithm and applications
Authors: Sleem Omar M. , Ashour M. E. , Aybat N. S. , Lagoa Constantino M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSparsity finds applications in diverse areas such as statistics, machine learning, and signal processing. Computations over sparse structures are less complex compared to their dense counterparts and need less storage. This paper proposes a heuristic method for retrieving sparse approximate solutions of optimization problems via minimizing the $$\ell _{p}$$

ℓ
p

quasi-norm, where $$0<p<1$$

0
<
p
<
1

. An iterative two-block algorithm for minimizing the $$\ell _{p}$$

ℓ
p

quasi-norm subject to convex constraints is proposed. The proposed algorithm requires solving for the roots of a scalar degree polynomial as opposed to applying a soft thresholding operator in the case of $$\ell _{1}$$

ℓ
1

norm minimization. The algorithm’s merit relies on its ability to solve the $$\ell _{p}$$

ℓ
p

quasi-norm minimization subject to any convex constraints set. For the specific case of constraints defined by differentiable functions with Lipschitz continuous gradient, a second, faster algorithm is proposed. Using a proximal gradient step, we mitigate the convex projection step and hence enhance the algorithm’s speed while proving its convergence. We present various applications where the proposed algorithm excels, namely, sparse signal reconstruction, system identification, and matrix completion. The results demonstrate the significant gains obtained by the proposed algorithm compared to other $$\ell _{p}$$

ℓ
p

quasi-norm based methods presented in previous literature.
DNA damage response alterations in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: clinical, molecular, and prognostic implications
Authors: Jing Xiao , Qin Xiangcheng , Liu Hao , Liu Huanhuan , Wang Huina , Qin Jiayue , Zhang Yanui , Cao Shanbo , Fan Xiaodong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways modulate cancer risk, progression, and therapeutic responses. Nonetheless, the characteristics and significance of DDR alterations in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain undefined. This study aimed to explore the predictive role, molecular mechanism, and tumor immune profile of DDR genes in ccRCC.

Methods
We prospectively sequenced 757 tumors and matched blood DNA samples from Chinese patients with ccRCC using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and analyzed data from 537 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A comprehensive analysis was performed.

Results
Fifty-two percent of Chinese patients with ccRCC harbored DDR gene mutations and 57% of TCGA patients. The immunotherapy treatment prognosis of patients with DDR gene mutations was superior to that of patients without DDR gene mutations (p = 0.047). DDR gene mutations were associated with more gene mutations and a higher tumor mutation load (TMB, p < 0.001). Moreover, patients with DDR gene mutations have a distinct mutational signature compared with those with wild-type DDR. Furthermore, the DDR-mut group had elevated neoantigen load (including single-nucleotide variants (SNV) and indel neoantigen load, p = 0.037 and p = 0.002, respectively), TCR Shannon (p = 0.025), and neutrophils (p = 0.010). DDR gene mutations exhibited a distinct immune profile with significantly higher expression levels of TNFSF9, CD70, ICAM1, and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and lower expression levels of VTCN1 and IL12A.

Conclusions
Our data suggest that the detection of somatic mutations in DDR genes can predict the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with ccRCC. Furthermore, we revealed the unique molecular and immune mechanisms underlying ccRCC with DDR gene mutations.
Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of Emotion Detectives In-Out: a blended version of the unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders in Portuguese children
Authors: Moreira Helena , Skvarc Dave , Gomes-Pereira Bárbara , Albuquerque Alzira , Góis Ana Carolina , Fonseca Ana , Pereira Ana Maria , Caiado Brígida , Paulino Bruna , Santos Catarina , Ehrenreich-May Jill , Canavarro Maria Cristina , Saraiva Mariana , Vicente Vitória Nunes , Pereira Ana Isabel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Childhood emotional disorders (EDs; i.e., anxiety and depressive disorders) are currently a public health concern. Their high prevalence, long-term effects, and profound influence on the lives of children and families highlight the need to identify and treat these disorders as early and effectively as possible. This clinical trial will examine the efficacy of a blended version (i.e., combining face-to-face and online sessions into one treatment protocol) of the Unified Protocol for Children (the “Emotion Detectives In–Out” program). This program is a manualized cognitive-behavioral therapy for the transdiagnostic treatment of EDs in children aged 7 to 12 years that aims to reduce the intensity and frequency of strong and aversive emotional experiences by helping children learn how to confront those emotions and respond to them in more adaptive ways.

Methods
This study is designed as a multicenter equivalence randomized controlled parallel-group two-arm trial comparing the Emotion Detectives In–Out program with an evidenced-based group intervention for children with anxiety disorders (the Coping Cat program). Participants will be children aged between 7 and 12 years with an anxiety disorder or with clinically significant anxiety symptoms as well as one of their parents or a legal representative. A minimum sample size of 138 children (69 per group) is needed to test whether the efficacy of the proposed intervention is equivalent to that of the well-established Coping Cat intervention.

Discussion
We expect Emotion Detectives In–Out to be a feasible and efficacious alternative intervention for treating children's EDs by allowing for a greater increase in children's access to care. A blended format is expected to overcome common barriers to treatment (e.g., parents´ lack of time to attend regular sessions) and make the intervention more accessible to families.

Trial registration
The clinical trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT05747131, date assigned February 28, 2023).
Transcription factor BACH1 in cancer: roles, mechanisms, and prospects for targeted therapy
Authors: Hu Dian , Zhang Zerui , Luo Xiangyuan , Li Siwen , Jiang Junqing , Zhang Jiaqian , Wu Zhangfan , Wang Yijun , Sun Mengyu , Chen Xiaoping , Zhang Bixiang , Xu Xiao , Wang Shuai , Xu Shengjun , Wang Yufei , Huang Wenjie , Xia Limin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTranscription factor BTB domain and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) belongs to the Cap ‘n’ Collar and basic region Leucine Zipper (CNC-bZIP) family. BACH1 is widely expressed in mammalian tissues, where it regulates epigenetic modifications, heme homeostasis, and oxidative stress. Additionally, it is involved in immune system development. More importantly, BACH1 is highly expressed in and plays a key role in numerous malignant tumors, affecting cellular metabolism, tumor invasion and metastasis, proliferation, different cell death pathways, drug resistance, and the tumor microenvironment. However, few articles systematically summarized the roles of BACH1 in cancer. This review aims to highlight the research status of BACH1 in malignant tumor behaviors, and summarize its role in immune regulation in cancer. Moreover, this review focuses on the potential of BACH1 as a novel therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker. Notably, the mechanisms underlying the roles of BACH1 in ferroptosis, oxidative stress and tumor microenvironment remain to be explored. BACH1 has a dual impact on cancer, which affects the accuracy and efficiency of targeted drug delivery. Finally, the promising directions of future BACH1 research are prospected. A systematical and clear understanding of BACH1 would undoubtedly take us one step closer to facilitating its translation from basic research into the clinic.
Navigating the digital world: development of an evidence-based digital literacy program and assessment tool for youth
Authors: Buchan M. Claire , Bhawra Jasmin , Katapally Tarun Reddy 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe rapid expansion of digital connectivity has provided youth with wide-ranging access to digital platforms for communication, entertainment, and education. In light of this profound shift, there have been growing concerns about online safety, data privacy, and cybersecurity. A critical factor influencing the ability of youth to responsibly navigate digital platforms is digital literacy. While digital literacy programs have been implemented in various regions worldwide, significant disparities remain not only in overall digital literacy levels, but also the assessment of digital literacy initiatives. To address these challenges, an environmental scan and literature review were conducted to identify existing digital literacy programs in Canada developed specifically for youth, as well as digital literacy assessment tools, respectively. The search encompassed peer-reviewed articles, organizational curricula, and assessment measures indexed in various databases and organization websites. The environmental scan identified 15 programs targeting key components of digital literacy such as data safety, cyberbullying, and digital media. The literature review identified 12 digital literacy assessment tools. Based on the findings, data were synthesized from shortlisted programs and assessment tools to inform the development of both a new digital literacy program and assessment tool to complement the youth-focused program. The new program focuses on four key components: (1) digital fluency, (2) digital privacy and safety, (3) ethics and empathy, and (4) consumer awareness. A 15-item assessment tool was also developed consisting of 4–5 questions specific to each program component. Given the growing importance of digital competencies, a youth-focused program and assessment tool are crucial for understanding and addressing digital literacy among this vulnerable cohort. This program's adaptability allows for customization across sociodemographic target groups, including culturally diverse and geographically remote communities—an aspect that has the potential to enhance digital literacy across settings. Implementing digital literacy programs can better prepare youth for an increasingly digital world, while minimizing potential risks associated with technology use.
Ambient noise multimode surface wave tomography
Authors: Nishida Kiwamu , Takagi Ryota , Takeo Akiko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSeismic techniques using earthquakes are powerful tools for exploring the Earth’s internal structure. However, the earthquake distribution limits the spatial resolution. In recent years, ambient noise surface wave tomography using ambient seismic wave field has resolved these limitations. A typical ambient seismic wave field is microseisms excited by ocean swell activities. Ambient noise surface wave tomography is a technique in seismic interferometry that extracts seismic wave propagation between pairs of stations by cross-correlating the seismic records. The cross-correlation function can be interpreted as an impulsive response at a station with a virtual source at the other station. This technique became standard with the development of modern dense seismic networks. This paper reviews a theory of seismic interferometry for ambient noise surface wave tomography and procedures for practical data processing to calculate cross-correlation functions. The tomographic method typically consists of four steps: (1) the construction of reference 1-D models, (2) phase velocity measurements for each path, (3) 2-D phase velocity inversions, and (4) the construction of a 3-D S-wave tomographic model obtained from series of local 1-D inversions at all the grids. This paper presents the feasibility of multimode surface wave dispersion measurements for improving depth resolution.
Co-expression analysis of transcriptomic data from cancer and healthy specimens reveals rewiring of proteasome genes and an interaction with the XPO1 gene across several tumour types
Authors: Spataro Vito , Buetti-Dinh Antoine 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The 26S proteasome is a large intracellular multiprotein complex, that plays a homeostatic role by degrading proteins that have been tagged by ubiquitin. It is composed of 64 subunits assembled according to a well-defined structure and stoichiometry. Several proteasome subunits have been found to be overexpressed in tumours. However, comprehensive data are lacking on the relative abundance of each subunit and the impact on proteasome composition or stoichiometry. In cancer treatment, proteasome inhibitors and inhibitors of XPO1 (Exportin-1) have unexpectedly a similar range of activity, but the interaction between the two pathways has not been studied.

Methods
We performed gene co-expression analysis of 38 genes encoding proteasome subunits and 38 genes encoding proteins involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport in specimens from the Cancer Genome Atlas (33 tumour types) and from the Gene Tissue Expression database (32 healthy tissue types). We obtained 65 matrices, each containing Pearson correlation factors for 2964 gene pairs. We applied cluster analysis to the correlation matrices and compared the distribution of Pearson correlation coefficients of thirteen tumour types with their healthy tissue counterpart.

Results
Strong positive correlation (R Pearson correlation > 0.8) was observed for pairs of proteasome genes in the majority of healthy tissues, whereas the correlation for co-expression was significantly lower (R ≤ 0.50) for most gene pairs in the majority of cancer types. Cluster analysis based on gene co-expression allowed to distinguish cancers from healthy tissues in a clear-cut manner, and to identify the genes that contributed most to the separation. The crossed analysis between proteasome and nucleocytoplasmic transport genes showed that the expression of XPO1 and a subset of proteasome genes, including in particular PSMD14, is correlated in several cancer types and not in their healthy counterpart.

Conclusions
This analysis reveals that in cancer the co-expression of proteasome genes is significantly altered, highlighting the genes that are more often deregulated. In addition, it finds that XPO1 expression is often correlated with the expression of proteasome genes. From a therapeutic perspective, these findings support the investigation of novel targets within the proteasome and strategies of co-targeting of the proteasome and nucleocytoplasmic transport.
Sustainable biocontrol of purple blotch disease in Allium cepa L. by biocontrol yeasts, Pichia kluyveri and Filobasidium wieringae
Authors: Abo-Elyousr Kamal A. M. , Imran Muhammad , Sallam Nashwa M. A. , Abdel-Aal Ahmed M. K. , Assiri Mazen E. , Abdel-Rahim Ismail R. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Purple blotch disease is a devastating disease, resulting in significant yield losses in onion. Application of synthetic fungicides is a rapid approach for the control of this disease, but extensive use of synthetic fungicides results in resistance development in pathogen. Thus, it is mandatory to explore alternative approaches to overcome the fungicide resistance challenges. The present study focused on a sustainable biocontrolling approach by using biocontrol yeast. The objective was to develop a management strategy that offers an environmentally acceptable alternative to commonly used fungicides.

Results
A total of six pathogenic isolates were obtained from the infected onion leaves, out of all tested isolates, OP-4 recorded as highly virulent with disease incidence (75.2%). Filobasidium wieringae and Pichia kluyveri drastically reduced the in vitro mycelial growth of Alternaria porri (14 and 21 mm, respectively). In the greenhouse experiment, plant inoculated with P. kluyveri suspension was the most effective, resulting in considerable reduction (77.1%) in disease severity, before two days of pathogen inoculation. However, F. wieringae showed a considerable reduction (84.5%) in disease severity when applied in combination with P. kluyveri two days post-inoculation.

Conclusions
These findings highlighted the strong biocontrol potential of P. kluyveri and F. wieringae in managing the purple blotch disease of onion and can reduce the reliance on synthetic fungicides. Further research and field trials should be conducted to optimize the application methods and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of these bioagents.
Factors predicting functional outcome after rtPA for patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Hamed Yasser , Seddeek Mahrous I. , Ahmed Ali Mahmoud , Dawa Talal A. , Hashem Hasan , Othman Adel M. , Fayed Abdel-Ghaffar I. , Elbazzar Noran , Metwally Ramy A. , El Sayed Mostafa El Sayed Abd Elghany , Yousry Ahmed , Shokry Abd Elaziz 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Accurate outcome prediction for patients with acute ischemic stroke after intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) treatment is essential for optimizing patients’ management. We aimed to identify factors associated with unfavorable outcomes following intravenous rtPA treatment. This study was carried out on 162 patients who presented with acute ischemic stroke within 4.5 h from onset of neurological symptoms and were eligible for intravenous rtPA. After exclusion of 48 patients, 114 patients were finally eligible for follow-up. After complete medical and neurological history, complete medical and neurological examination and brain image (CT and or MRI brain) were collected from the patients. patients eligible were included in the study. NIHS scale was assessed for all patients at time of admission, after 24 h, and follow-up for 3 months.

Results
After a 90-day follow-up period for 114 patients with acute ischemic stroke after rtPA, 35.8% had good outcome (MRS; 0–2), 18.5% had partial outcome (MRS; 3–4) and 12.5% had poor outcome (MRS; 5–6). Atrial fibrillation (AF), PH of stroke, stroke severity, and severity of symptom (NIHSS) score were significantly (P: 0.004, 0.001, 0.007 and 0.001) correlated with poor outcome after rtPA. Similarly, old age, high blood pressure at time of presentation, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were showed to carry poor outcome.

Conclusions
AF, high NIHSS score, PH of stroke, previous stroke, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure on presentation were significantly correlated with poor functional outcome.
Inflammation and arrhythmogenesis: a narrative review of the complex relationship
Authors: Taghdiri Andia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
A biological mechanism called inflammation is necessary for reacting to damaging stimuli, but it can also, ironically, play a role in the formation of arrhythmias, or the group of disorders known as arrhythmogenesis. This review delves into the intricate relationship that exists between localized and systemic inflammation and the electrophysiological changes that result in abnormal heart rhythms.

Main body
Through oxidative stress, autonomic dysfunction, electrolyte imbalances, and coagulation activation, systemic inflammation may impact arrhythmogenicity. Similar to neuropathic alterations, direct cellular damage, and structural remodeling, localized heart inflammation also predisposes to arrhythmias. Studies demonstrating the impact of cytokines on ion channel expression and function, along with clinical associations between inflammatory indicators and arrhythmia incidence, offer the molecular insights. Immune cells like macrophages that alter cardiac conduction are involved in the interaction between inflammation and electrophysiology, which further complicates the situation. Clinical ramifications include the use of anti-inflammatory drugs to treat arrhythmic episodes and the possible adjustment of arrhythmia treatment based on inflammatory condition. Even yet, further thorough study is necessary to fully understand the efficacy of these medicines.

Conclusions
Arrhythmogenesis and inflammation are inherently linked by a number of mechanisms that change the electrical characteristics of the heart. Arrhythmia treatment and prevention may benefit from therapeutic approaches that reduce inflammatory processes. The difficulties that still exist in applying this information to clinical settings highlight the necessity of continuing studies to better comprehend the subtleties of inflammation-induced electrical alterations. Progress in identifying biomarkers of inflammation and developing tailored therapies will be crucial in enhancing the prognosis of individuals suffering from arrhythmogenic disorders that are aggravated by inflammation.