bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Level of 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid as a diagnostic factor in acute appendicitis: a diagnostic study
Authors: Tofigh Arash Mohammadi , Samsami Majid , Toutounchi Alireza Haghbin , Tavakoli Shervin , Taabzadeh Zeinab , Khoshnoudi Hojatolah , Adinevand Ehsan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
The present study investigated the level of 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in perforated and non-perforated appendicitis patients. The importance of this issue is in timely diagnosis of complications of acute appendicitis such as perforated appendicitis or gangrene.
Methods:
This study was performed in a prospective diagnostic method. The patients with complaints of acute appendicitis who were referred to tertiary medical center were included in the study during 2020–2021. Patient information such as age, gender, type of appendicitis, and the level of urinary metabolite 5-HIAA were recorded. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of 5-HIAA were investigated. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS v.27.
Results:
A total of 150 patients were studied in two groups, 40 patients in the perforated appendicitis group and 110 patients in the acute appendicitis group. The average age of patients in the perforated appendicitis group was 28.8 ± 6.07 and in the acute appendicitis group was 29.6 ± 6.96. 94 (63%) were male and 56 (37%) were female. No significant difference was observed in terms of age and gender between the two groups. Based on the results, the difference level of 5-HIAA between the two groups of acute and perforated appendicitis was significant (P < 0.001). Also, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 82%, 62%, 75%, and 77% respectively.
Conclusion:
This study shows that 5-HIAA in patients with perforated appendicitis increases significantly more than in the early stages of acute appendicitis. Also, it has relatively good sensitivity for diagnosing appendicitis.
New scientific evidence of the materials and craft of Hard yellow paper in Tang Dynasty collected by Gansu Provincial Museum
Authors: Zhou Xianjing , Gong Yuchen , Zhao Ruxuan , Zhang Yun , Gu An , Qu Yajie , Wang Qi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Hard yellow paper is one of the few surviving Chinese famous paper from more than a thousand years ago. In particular, the documents found in Dunhuang are important collections in major museums around the world. Although there has been some research before, the production process is still a lot of controversy. In order to find out the development of materials and making craft, such as the fiber, dyeing and coating, 24 paper relics of Hard yellow paper in the Tang Dynasty from Gansu Provincial Museum have been observed and tested comprehensively by spectroscopy and spectrometry Most of the paper is handed down from generation to generation so they are in good condition of preservation. Raw materials and different surface coating materials of paper are observed by ultra-depth microscope surface observation. The organic composition of paper coating and fiber dyeing can also be accurately obtained by micro-infrared spectrometer and ultra-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. a series of new evidence has been found, which provides the possibility to solve the current questions and disputes. According to the results, the hemp, ramie and bark fibers are considered as raw materials; the raw materials of paper’s surface may contain plant glue and animal glue. Berberine, palmatine and phellodendrine are detected from fragments which were considered as the dye of paper. Finally, the Hard yellow paper will be upgraded by hammering, calendaring and surface coating in the Tang Dynasty.
Demographic and Political Transitions.
Authors: Chaba Redha , Dorsch Michael , Hiller Victor , Maarek Paul 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper revisits the political economy of transitions to democracy. We build on a canonical rational choice model of democratization by introducing demography, arguing that the demographic structure of a society shapes the material incentives for a democratic movement. A population’s youth cohort can benefit from democratic improvements over a longer time horizon and may have a lower opportunity cost of participatingin democratic movements than older cohorts. Hence, a rise in the population’s proportion of youth during the demographic transition opens a democratic “windowof opportunity” as the heightened incentives for a democratic movement might prompt an autocratic elite to concede more democracy. We test this prediction on two long country-year panel data sets containing detailed demographic data. Fixed-effects panel regressions demonstrate that an increase in the youth ratio is robustly associated with democratic improvements.The effect is particularly pronounced for “youth bulges” measured as the proportion of the population between the ages of 15 and 19. Two distinct instrumental variable strategies, using (i) lagged fertility rates in neighboring countries and (ii) past climatic conditions, allow for a causal interpretation of this correlation. Furthermore, the positive impact of the youth ratio on democratic improvements is more pronounced during recessions suggesting that demographic and macro-economic cycles are complementary channels. Finally, we show that low intensity conflict, such as riots, might act as a transmission channel, facilitating thepositive impact of a high youth ratio on the probability of a democratic improvement.
Assessment of Rainfall And Temperature Trends in The Yellow River Basin, China from 2023 to 2100
Authors: Jian Shengqi , Pei Qinghao , Yu Xin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
China's Yellow River Basin (YRB) is sensitive to climate change due to its delicate ecosystem and complex geography. Water scarcity, soil erosion, and desertification are major challenges. To mitigate the YRB's ecological difficulties, climate change must be predicted. Based on the analysis of the evolution features of hydro-meteorological elements, the CMIP6 climate model dataset with Delta downscaling and Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) is utilized to quantitatively explore the future variations of precipitation and temperature in the YRB. The following results are drawn: The spatial resolution of the CMIP6 climate model is less than 0.5°×0.5° (i.e., about 55 km×55 km), which is improved to 1 km×1 km by the downscaling of Delta, and has outstanding applicability to precipitation and temperature in the YRB. The most accurate models for monthly mean temperature are CESM2-WACCM, NorESM2-LM, and ACCESS-CM2, and for precipitation are ACCESS-ESM1-5, CESM2-WACCM, and IPSL-CM6A-LR. Between 2023 and 2100, annual precipitation increases by 6.89, 5.31, 7.02, and 10.18 mm/10a under the ssp126, ssp245, ssp370, and ssp585 climate scenarios, respectively, with considerable variability in precipitation in the YRB. The annual temperature shows a significant upward trend, and the change rates under the different climate scenarios are, respectively, 0.1 ℃/10a, 0.3 ℃/10a, 0.5 ℃/10a, and 0.7 ℃/10a. The increase is positively correlated with emission intensity. Based on the EOF analysis, temperature and precipitation mainly exhibit a consistent regional trend from 2023 to 2100, with the primary modal EOF1 of precipitation for each scenario exhibiting a clear spatial distribution in the southeast-northwest.
Sectoral Value Chain Mapping in Kakamega County, Kenya
Authors: Murimi Martin , Cheloti Michael , Wekesa Ingrid , Onyuka Arthur 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The Kenyan agricultural sector will play a pivot role in achieving its national development roadmap, Vision 2030. This report explores the agricultural value chains within Kakamega County, Kenya, focusing on sweet potatoes, bananas, soya beans, vegetables, palm oil, honey, and avocados. Data collection for the study primarily involved direct engagement with stakeholders across the various sub-counties. The study revealed the unique characteristics and challenges faced in each value chain, laying the foundation for understanding the local agricultural dynamics. These challenges included equipment shortage, lack of technical skills, and poor marketing strategies. Recommendations are put forward to address the specific hurdles and optimize opportunities within each value chain. Fostering cooperative formations, exploring value addition and enhancement of technical skills are the common themes across the recommendations for the value chains. Further, training, certification acquisition, research and development and process optimization have been suggested to bolster productivity, quality and market competitiveness. The proposed interventions require collaborative effort from the stakeholders including government agencies, non-governmental organizations and the local communities. By creating an enabling environment and implementing the recommended strategies, sustainable agricultural-based growth and economic development, aligning with the national Vision 2030, can be fostered in Kakamega County, Kenya.
Rituximab Combined with Steroid and Tacrolimus Treats Proliferative Glomerulonephritis with Monoclonal IgG Deposits: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Liu Di , Xia Ming , Wang Chang , Zhu Xuejing , Chen Guochun , Liu Hong 
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
Due to the confounding heterogeneity, the therapeutic strategy
for proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal IgG deposits (PGNMID) remains
to be defined.

Case Representation:
We report a 38-year-old man with recurrent swelling of the eyelids
and lower limbs, undergoing rituximab combined with steroid and tacrolimus treatment,
who achieved an improved renal outcome. Underlying solid malignant tumours
were excluded from the diagnosis.

Discussion:
We treated patients with rituximab along with steroids and tacrolimus. Improvements
in proteinuria and renal function were observed. We also reviewed the current
literature to assess the efficacy of rituximab in the treatment of PGNMID.

Conclusion:
However, a larger pool of patients and a longer follow-up period are required
to establish the role of rituximab and steroids in the treatment of PGNMID.
Preparation Optimization and Immunological Activity Studies of Portulaca oleracea
L. Polysaccharides Liposomes
Authors: Li Yan , Jia Guiyan , Li Tao , Zhou Xiechen , Zhao Hui , Cao Junyang , Guan Zijan , Zhao Rui 
Published: February 2024

Aims:
This study combines traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides with nanomaterials to
enhance drug bioavailability and immunological activity.

Background:
The study of polysaccharide preparation, structure identification, pharmacological activity,
and mechanism of action is deepening, but the research combined with the new drug delivery system is relatively
weak, so the application of polysaccharides is still facing great limitations. In order to prolong the
action time of polysaccharides and improve their bioavailability, liposome has become the most promising
delivery carrier.

Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to optimize the preparation process of Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharides
liposomes (POL-PL) and evaluate the immunoactivity in vitro.

Methods:
POL-PL was prepared by reverse evaporation, and the preparation process was optimized using the
response surface methodology. The characteristic analysis of POL-PL was detected by the indicators including
morphology, particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, release, and stability. The effects of
POL-PL on the proliferation and immunological activity of mouse spleen lymphocytes and RAW264.7 cells
were evaluated in vitro.

Results:
POL-PL is highly homogeneous in morphology and particle size, and its sustained release improves
the bioavailability of Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharides (POL-P). Moreover, POL-PL treatment significantly
enhanced the proliferation and phagocytic activity of RAW264.7 cells and increased the secretion of
IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NO.

Conclusion:
This study suggested that POL-PL were prepared successfully by reverse evaporation method,
and POL-PL had immunoenhancing activity in vitro. The results provided a theoretical basis for further application
of POL-PL.
Current Insights into Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Clinical Strategies for Prevention and Treatment
Authors: Chaudhary Rishabh , Khanna Janvi , Bansal Seema , Bansal Nitin 
Published: February 2024

Background:Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition that is caused by medial nerve compression, resulting in symptoms such as numbness, tightness, or weakness in the hand.Objectives:The aim of the study was to find out the genetic modulation, mechanism, available treatment, and recommendation for carpal tunnel syndrome at its specific stage.Methods:Almost 200 papers were searched for this review article, and 145 articles were selected. The literature was collected from different sources like Google scholar, PubMed, a directory of open-access journals, and science.gov by using keywords, such as treatment, risk factors, recommendation, and clinical features of carpal tunnel syndrome.Results:The most efficient non-surgical treatment is methylprednisolone acetate, which reduces inflammation by acting on the glucocorticoid receptor in conjunction with immunofilling. It has also been used successfully as a second-line drug for the treatment of patients with mild or moderate conditions in order to provide relief. New non-pharmacological options include laser therapy in acupuncture, transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS), and sham therapy. Modern treatments like TENS, laser therapy, splints, and injections of methylprednisolone acetate have been demonstrated to be helpful in sporadic situations. For patients with mild and moderate problems, more research should be conducted that includes the combination of these surgical and non-surgical treatments.Conclusion:We propose a multifunctional panel construct and define standard data items for future research into carpal tunnel syndrome. A discussion on idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome, risk factors, combination of therapies, using guidelines-based recommendations and treatment should be initiated.
Dietary Plant Metabolites Induced Epigenetic Modification as a Novel
Strategy for the Management of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Singh Vaibhav , Shirbhate Ekta , Kore Rakesh , Mishra Aditya , Johariya Varsha , Veerasamy Ravichandran , Tiwari Amit K , Rajak Harish 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
Prostate cancer is a widespread malignancy among men, with a substantial global impact
on morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in conventional therapies, the need for innovative and
less toxic treatments remains a priority. Emerging evidence suggests that dietary plant metabolites
possess epigenetic-modifying properties, making them attractive candidates for prostate cancer
treatment. The present work reviews the epigenetic effects of dietary plant metabolites in the context
of prostate cancer therapy. We first outline the key epigenetic mechanisms involved in prostate cancer
pathogenesis, including histone modifications, DNA methylation, and miRNA or Long Noncoding
RNA (lncRNA) dysregulation. Next, we delve into the vast array of dietary plant metabolites
that have demonstrated promising anti-cancer effects through epigenetic regulation. Resveratrol,
minerals, isothiocyanates, curcumin, tea polyphenols, soy isoflavones and phytoestrogens, garlic
compounds, anthocyanins, lycopene, and indoles are among the most extensively studied compounds.
These plant-derived bioactive compounds have been shown to influence DNA methylation
patterns, histone modifications, and microRNA expression, thereby altering the gene expression
allied with prostate cancer progression, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. We also explore preclinical
and clinical studies investigating the efficacy of dietary plant metabolites as standalone treatments
or in combination with traditional treatments for people with prostate cancer. The present work
highlights the potential of dietary plant metabolites as epigenetic modulators to treat prostate cancer.
Continued research in this field may pave the way for personalized and precision medicine approaches,
moving us closer to the goal of improved prostate cancer management.
Exploring the Mechanisms of Sanguinarine in the Treatment of Osteoporosis by Integrating Network Pharmacology Analysis and Deep Learning Technology
Authors: Tang Yonghong , Zhou Daoqing , Gan Fengping , Yao Zhicheng , Zeng Yuqing 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Sanguinarine (SAN) has been reported to have antioxidant, antiinflammatory,
and antimicrobial activities with potential for the treatment of osteoporosis (OP).

Objective:
This work purposed to unravel the molecular mechanisms of SAN in the treatment of
OP.

Methods:
OP-related genes and SAN-related targets were predicted from public databases. Differential
expression analysis and VennDiagram were adopted to detect SAN-related targets
against OP. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was served for core target identification.
Molecular docking and DeepPurpose algorithm were further adopted to investigate the binding
ability between core targets and SAN. Gene pathway scoring of these targets was calculated
utilizing gene set variation analysis (GSVA). Finally, we explored the effect of SAN on the expressions
of core targets in preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.

Results:
A total of 21 candidate targets of SAN against OP were acquired. Furthermore, six core
targets were identified, among which CASP3, CTNNB1, and ERBB2 were remarkably differentially
expressed in OP and healthy individuals. The binding energies of SAN with CASP3,
CTNNB1, and ERBB2 were -6, -6.731, and -7.162 kcal/mol, respectively. Moreover, the GSVA
scores of the Wnt/calcium signaling pathway were significantly lower in OP cases than in
healthy individuals. In addition, the expression of CASP3 was positively associated with
Wnt/calcium signaling pathway. CASP3 and ERBB2 were significantly lower expressed in
SAN group than in DMSO group, whereas the expression of CTNNB1 was in contrast.

Conclusion:
CASP3, CTNNB1, and ERBB2 emerge as potential targets of SAN in OP prevention
and treatment.
Aplikasi Kasir Moka Pos Dan Kinerja Karyawan: Efek Moderasi Kepuasan Pelanggan
Authors: Wulandari  , Mappadang Agoestina 
Published: February 2024

Purpose: One of the best cashier applications currently in Indonesia that is widely used is Moka Pos. This study is to determine whether the elffelctivelnelss of ulsing the Moka Pos application has a positive and significant effect on employee performance at thel ONNI Houlsel relstaulrant, and whether customer satisfaction can modelratel thel rellationship beltweleln thel elffelctivelnelss of Moka Pos and elmployelel performance.
Methodology: Thel population in this stuldy were 30 visitors who camel to thel ONNI Houlsel relstaulrant, with 30 peloplel taking thel samplel. Thel analytical melthod ulseld is mulltiplel relgrelssion analysis melthod.
Findings: Baseld on thel relsullts of thel stuldy it can bel obtaineld that thel variablel Elffelctivelnelss of ulsing thel MOKA Post application (X1), has an elffelct on thel Elmployelel Pelrformancel variablel (Y) at thel ONNI Houlsel relstaulrant, and thel Culstomelr Satisfaction variablel (Z) modelratels thel rellationship beltweleln thel elffelctivelnelss of Moka Pos and elmployelel pelrformancel.
Practical & Theoritical contribution: This study contributions to behavioral accounting and practically reduces cashless and increase revenue.
Research Limitation: This study was limited to the population at one company.
Evaluasi Atas Implementasi Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Pemerintahan Nomor 13 Pada BLUD Puskesmas Kawasan Terpencil
Authors: Lelono Wijoseno , Siswantoro Dodik 
Published: February 2024

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the suitability of accounting and presentation of BLUD Puskesmas Financial Statements with the Statement of Government Accounting Standards Number 13, and identify the role of financial guidance carried out by the Health Office and the Regional Financial Management Officer (PPKD).
Methodology/approach: This research was conducted at BLUD Puskesmas X, with a qualitative method through a case study approach. The data collection methods adopted in this study include document analysis and interviews
Findings: The results showed that the condition of the presentation of the Financial Statements of BLUD Puskesmas X was not fully in accordance with PSAP 13, and the implementation of accounting was not fully in accordance with SE Director General of Bina Keuda No. 981/4092/KEUD, namely without making journals, posting to the General Ledger, and preparing the Balance Sheet. In terms of guidance, the Health Office has provided various coaching activities related to the preparation of Financial Statements, while PPKD has not provided intensive guidance and is more directed at reconciling financial data between BPKAD and BLUD Puskesmas X.
Practical and Theoretical contribution/Originality: This research is expected to provide suggestions and insights for BLUD Puskesmas management regarding aspects of the Financial Statement preparation process that require improvement, as well as contributing information for further research related to the development of Accounting, especially the implementation of Public Sector Accounting Standards
Research Limitation: The interview process was conducted via online media and telephone due to geographical location considerations, namely BLUD Puskesmas X is located relatively far from the capital city of District AAA, about 295 KM with inland road access conditions on Borneo Island.
Does off-farm employment affect farmers’ adoption of green control techniques?
Authors: Yu Lili , Wang Yaqi , Xie Hongling , Yao Xue , Liu Bei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Actively encouraging farmers to adopt green control techniques (GCT) is an important measure for achieving sustainable agricultural development and ensuring global food security. Based on microsurvey data covering 912 households in Henan and Shandong Provinces, this paper uses a binary probit model to explore the effect of off-farm employment on the adoption behavior of farmers’ GCT and the mechanism of the effect. The study finds that off-farm employment has a capacity accumulation (CAP) effect and a crowding-out (CROWD) effect on farmers’ GCT adoption behavior. Additionally, the CROWD effect generally exceeds the CAP effect, making off-farm employment unfavorable for farmers’ adoption of GCT. Further analysis finds that off-farm employment has a positive effect on the adoption of GCT by farmers based on agricultural income, and as the distance from off-farm employment increases, the positive effect is greater. In contrast, off-farm employment has a negative effect on rural households whose main income is nonagricultural income, and with the increase in the distance from off-farm employment, its negative effect gradually increases. On this basis, to promote green prevention and control techniques for diseases and insect pests, we should focus on farmers whose main income is agricultural, enhance their CAP effect, and guide farmers whose main income is nonagricultural to transfer out of their land. While enriching research on GCT, this paper also provides an empirical basis and policy reference for how to better promote GCT during the period of rapid development of off-farm employment.