bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A highly stable and conductive cerium‐doped Li7P3S11 glass‐ceramic electrolyte for solid‐state lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Mirtaleb Amirhossein , Wang Ruigang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this report, a facile wet chemical method using acetonitrile combined with thermal annealing was used to prepare Li2S‐P2S5 (LPS) based glass‐ceramic electrolytes with (1 wt%, 3 wt%, and 5 wt% Ce2S3) and without Ce2S3 doping. The crystal structure, ionic conductivity, and chemical stability of Li7P3S11 glass‐ceramic electrolytes were examined at varying temperatures (250–350°C). The results indicated that the highest ionic conductivity of 3.15 × 10−4 S cm−1 for pure Li7P3S11 was observed at a temperature of 325°C. By incorporating 1 wt% Ce2S3 and subjecting it to a heat treatment at 250°C, the glass ceramic electrolyte attained a remarkable ionic conductivity of 7.7 × 10−4 (S cm−1) at 25°C. Furthermore, it exhibited a stable and extensive electrochemical potential range, reaching up to 5 volts when compared to the Li/Li+ reference electrode. By tuning the glass transition and crystallization temperature, cerium doping seems to make Li7P3S11 more chemically stable, compared to its original 70Li2S‐30P2S5 counterpart. According to Raman and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses, cerium doping inhibits the decomposition of highly conductive P2S74‐ (pyro‐thiophosphate) to PS43− and P2S64−. Doped LPS has a greater crystallinity and more uniform microstructure than pure LPS, according to XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy analysis. Consequently, Li7P2.9Ce0.1S11 electrolyte shows great potential as a solid‐state electrolyte for constructing high‐performance sulfide‐based all‐solid‐state batteries.
Avoiding impacts of phylogenetic tip‐state‐errors on dispersal and extirpation rates in alpine plant biogeography
Authors: Bätscher Livio , de Vos Jurriaan M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimMany biogeographic analyses require some form of automated state assignment to tips of phylogenetic trees, reflecting a species presence or absence in a particular area, e.g., a biome. As datasets get exponentially larger, such procedures may increasingly induce errors (here called tip‐state‐error), but the specific algorithmic cause and consequence on downstream estimation of dispersal and extinction rates remains poorly known. We aim to improve automated tip‐scoring methods in the context of the alpine biome by leveraging elevation information. We document the profound effect of tip‐state‐errors on Dispersal‐Extirpation‐Cladogenesis (DEC) models.LocationThe European Alpine Arc.TaxonThree thousand three hundred seventeen vascular plant species, emphasizing six focal genera: Campanula, Carex, Festuca, Ranunculus, Saxifraga, and Viola.MethodsWe use GBIF data to classify whether species occur above the upper climatic treeline using a newly developed algorithm ElevDistr or a gridded landscape model of thermal belts, under various filtering thresholds. We compared classification performance using the Flora Alpina as validation data. To determine if tip‐state‐error biases the dispersal and extirpation rate estimation, we fit DEC models for selected clades using tip‐states from different classification models.ResultsElevDistr is less error prone than other approaches. Filtering thresholds lower the false positive rate but increase the false negative rate. Inflated false positive rates bias the dispersal rate estimation upward, while inflated false negative rates lead to upward bias in extirpation rate estimation.Main ConclusionsEven moderate tip‐state‐error may lead to profound systematic bias in dispersal and extinction rate estimation if an unbalanced ratio between false positive and false negative rates occurs. Therefore, careful validation is imperative, though ElevDistr alleviates this problem in the context of the alpine environment. Overall, our results suggest contrasting rates of alpine biome shifts across the studied genera and have major implications for studies addressing the likelihood of niche evolution versus geographic dispersal.
Complete free wall isolation of arrhythmogenic persistent left superior vena cava
Authors: Sekihara Takayuki , Oka Takafumi , Ozu Kentaro , Sakata Yasushi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionPersistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is one of the major sources of triggers and drivers of atrial fibrillation (AF). There has been no established PLSVC ablation procedure to eliminate the arrhythmogenicity along the entire length of PLSVC.Methods and ResultsA 70‐year‐old woman with a history of two previous catheter ablations for AF, mitral valvuloplasty, and an unroofed coronary sinus‐type atrial septal defect closure underwent the redo AF ablations. The AF trigger and driver were identified within the patient's enlarged PLSVC. The AF was treated by complete PLSVC free wall isolation.ConclusionComplete PLSVC free wall isolation may be an effective ablation method to eliminate the arrhythmogenicity along the entire length of the PLSVC.
Associations of dietary antioxidant intake with periodontal health among US adults: An exploratory mediation analysis via mitochondrial function
Authors: Cao Ruoyan , Li An , Geng Fengxue , Pan Yaping 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimTo assess the relationship between dietary antioxidant intake and periodontal health in US adults and the potential role of mitochondrial function.Materials and MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014. Dietary antioxidant intake was evaluated using three diet‐related indices: dietary oxidative balance score (DOBS), dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) of antioxidant vitamins and composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI). Periodontal parameters included attachment loss (AL) and probing pocket depth (PPD). Mitochondrial dysfunction was assessed using the methylmalonic acid (MMA) level. Weighted multivariable linear regression analyses were employed to investigate the association between dietary antioxidant intake and periodontal status. Additionally, exploratory mediation analyses were conducted to determine the mediating effect of MMA on the association.ResultsTotally, 5520 participants were included in our study. Participants with higher DOBS and DTAC scores had lower mean AL/PPD and MMA values. CDAI was negatively associated with mean AL and PPD. Furthermore, MMA mediated 9.4% and 4.9% of the associations between DOBS and mean AL and mean PPD, respectively. MMA also accounted for 7.2% and 3.3% of the association between DTAC and mean AL and PPD, respectively.ConclusionsThe findings support that dietary antioxidant intake helps in improving periodontal health, possibly and partially by enhancing mitochondrial function.
CEO extraversion and the cost of equity capital
Authors: Adebambo Biljana , Bowen Robert M. , Malhotra Shavin , Zhu Pengcheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe examine whether CEO extraversion, an important personality trait associated with leadership, is associated with firms' expected cost of equity capital. We measure CEO extraversion using CEOs' speech patterns during the unscripted portion of conference calls. After controlling for multiple CEO and firm‐specific variables, we find a strong positive incremental association between CEO extraversion and firms' expected cost of capital. Moreover, cost of equity increases when a more extraverted CEO replaces a less extraverted CEO. In addition, we find that firms with relatively extraverted CEOs take more risk and exhibit lower credit ratings, which is associated with higher cost of equity capital. These results are statistically and economically meaningful and do not appear to be driven by reverse causality, endogenous matching, look‐ahead bias, or bias in analysts' earnings forecast.
Qualitative investigations into floodways under extreme flood loading
Authors: Greene Isaac Samuel , Gunasekara Chamila , Lokuge Weena , Karunasena Warna 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Australian use of the term floodway refers to a trafficable transverse structure designed to facilitate the safe crossing of watercourses. Floodways are also commonly referred to as fords and causeways. This research explores areas of focus through experimental, numerical and survey methods to improve floodway resilience with regard to flood risk management. The industry‐based survey provides a dataset relating to user experiences, deduces the likeliness of floodways to sustain damage, defines several key focus areas, and reveals that the current risk levels are primarily managed without significant investigation into design. A floodway experimental and numerical simulation program was developed to investigate the lateral forces induced through debris impact using scaled models in a soil box and finite element analysis. Qualitatively, crack propagation and displacement correlated closely with the strain concentrations and displacements in the numerical simulation, with failure attributed to tensile strength being exceeded, followed by plastic strain development within the soil elements. It was concluded through this research that floodway failure during flood is complex and can be attributed to several different failure modes including concrete failure, yielding of adjoining soil material, and hydraulically via scour.
Medical aid in dying to avoid late‐stage dementia
Authors: Pope Thaddeus Mason , Brodoff Lisa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMany patients with dementia want the option of using medical aid in dying (MAID) to end their lives before losing decision‐making capacity and other abilities that impact their desired quality of life. But, for over two decades, it has been widely understood that these patients cannot (solely because of their dementia diagnosis) satisfy three statutory eligibility requirements in all U.S. MAID laws: (1) decisional capacity, (2) the ability to self‐administer the life‐ending medications, and (3) a terminal condition with 6 months or less to live. Now, because of recent statutory amendments together with the use of voluntarily stopping eating and drinking (VSED) to quickly advance to a terminal condition, this dementia exclusion from MAID might no longer apply. If combining VSED and MAID is now a possibility for patients with dementia, then clinicians need more guidance on whether and when to support patients seeking to take this path. In this article, we begin to provide this guidance. First, we describe the recent case of an Oregon patient with early‐stage Alzheimer's dementia who successfully used VSED to qualify for and use MAID. Second, we discuss prior barriers to using VSED as a bridge to MAID for people with dementia. Third, we describe recent legal changes that might make this path now possible.
Sexual function and correlates among adults aged 50+ years in China: Findings from the sexual well‐being (SWELL) study
Authors: Wang Bingyi , Peng Xin , Fu Leiwen , Lu Zhen , Li Xinyi , Tian Tian , Xiao Xin , Zhang Weijie , Guo Zhihui , Ouyang Lin , Wang Ying , Yu Maohe , Wu Guohui , Wu Dan , Tang Weiming , Tucker Joseph D. , Cai Yong , Zou Huachun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundSexual function is an important yet understudied aspect of overall health and well‐being in older adults. We aimed to examine sexual function and its correlates among people 50 years and older in China.MethodsWe enrolled people aged 50 years and older recruited from four regions in China between September 2021 and July 2022 in a multicenter cross‐sectional study. Data were collected through an investigator‐administered questionnaire about demographic characteristics, health characteristics, and sexual function status. Logistic regression was used to assess correlates of lower sexual function (the highest quintile of the sex‐specific population distribution of Natsal‐SF scores [i.e., lower functioning compared with the remaining]).ResultsA total of 465 women and 832 men who were sexually active in the past year were included in the analysis (mean age: 60.4 ± 7.2) [Correction added after first online publication on 12 Feb 2024. The word “years” has been changed to “year” in this sentence.]. Over a quarter of all participants were dissatisfied with their sex life. Notably, 92 women and 167 men were categorized as having a lower sexual function. Age (in men only), living in urban areas, general health status, being underweight or overweight (in men only), and having depressive symptoms were associated with lower sexual function. Among all participants, 43.1% of men and 54.0% of women experienced sexual response problems lasting 3 months or more. Less than one‐third of all participants had sought help or advice for sex life in the past year.ConclusionsSexual dysfunction and sexual dissatisfaction are prevalent among older adults in China and are associated with self‐assessed poor health. More efforts are needed to better understand sexual health needs and tailor service provision.
Nutritional interventions as modulators of the disease activity for idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: a scoping review
Authors: Sánchez‐Rosales Abril I. , Posadas‐Calleja Juan G. , Serralde‐Zúñiga Aurora E. , Quiroz‐Olguín Gabriela 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIdiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are chronic, autoimmune connective tissue diseases associated with significant morbidity and disability. Nutrients can activate the immune system and contribute to chronic low‐grade inflammation (LGI). Chronic muscle inflammation leads to imbalanced pro‐inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines, causing inadequate nutrition, weight loss and muscle weakness during a negative cycle. Owing to its potential to modulate LGI in various diseases, the Mediterranean diet (Med Diet) has been extensively studied. This scoping review explores the nutritional implications and recommendations of the Med Diet as a treatment for immune‐mediated diseases, focusing on the gaps in IIM nutritional interventions. A comprehensive literature search of the MEDLINE and EBSCO databases between September 2018 and December 2022 was performed. We identified that the Med Diet and its specific components, such as omega‐3 (nω3) fatty acids, vitamin D and antioxidants, play a role in the dietary treatment of connective tissue‐related autoimmune diseases. Nutritional interventions have demonstrated potential for modulating disease activity and warrant further exploration of IIMs through experimental studies. This review introduces a dietary therapeutic approach using the Med Diet and related compounds to regulate chronic inflammatory processes in IIMs. However, further clinical studies are required to evaluate the efficacy of the Med Diet in patients with IIMs. Emphasising a clinical–nutritional approach, this study encourages future research on the anti‐inflammatory effects of the Med Diet on IIMs. This review highlights potential insights for managing and treating these conditions using a holistic approach.
Nucleus accumbens neurons dynamically respond to appetitive and aversive associative learning
Authors: Deseyve Catarina , Domingues Ana Verónica , Carvalho Tawan T. A. , Armada Gisela , Correia Raquel , Vieitas‐Gaspar Natacha , Wezik Marcelina , Pinto Luísa , Sousa Nuno , Coimbra Bárbara , Rodrigues Ana João , Soares‐Cunha Carina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo survive, individuals must learn to associate cues in the environment with emotionally relevant outcomes. This association is partially mediated by the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a key brain region of the reward circuit that is mainly composed by GABAergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs), that express either dopamine receptor D1 or D2. Recent studies showed that both populations can drive reward and aversion, however, the activity of these neurons during appetitive and aversive Pavlovian conditioning remains to be determined. Here, we investigated the relevance of D1‐ and D2‐neurons in associative learning, by measuring calcium transients with fiber photometry during appetitive and aversive Pavlovian tasks in mice. Sucrose was used as a positive valence unconditioned stimulus (US) and foot shock was used as a negative valence US. We show that during appetitive Pavlovian conditioning, D1‐ and D2‐neurons exhibit a general increase in activity in response to the conditioned stimuli (CS). Interestingly, D1‐ and D2‐neurons present distinct changes in activity after sucrose consumption that dynamically evolve throughout learning. During the aversive Pavlovian conditioning, D1‐ and D2‐neurons present an increase in the activity in response to the CS and to the US (shock). Our data support a model in which D1‐ and D2‐neurons are concurrently activated during appetitive and aversive conditioning.image
Genetic deletion of hormone‐sensitive lipase in mice reduces cerebral blood flow but does not aggravate the impact of diet‐induced obesity on memory
Authors: Skoug Cecilia , Rogova Oksana , Spégel Peter , Holm Cecilia , Duarte João M. N. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHormone‐sensitive lipase (HSL) is active throughout the brain and its genetic ablation impacts brain function. Its activity in the brain was proposed to regulate bioactive lipid availability, namely eicosanoids that are inflammatory mediators and regulate cerebral blood flow (CBF). We aimed at testing whether HSL deletion increases susceptibility to neuroinflammation and impaired brain perfusion upon diet‐induced obesity. HSL−/−, HSL+/−, and HSL+/+ mice of either sex were fed high‐fat diet (HFD) or control diet for 8 weeks, and then assessed in behavior tests (object recognition, open field, and elevated plus maze), metabolic tests (insulin and glucose tolerance tests and indirect calorimetry in metabolic cages), and CBF determination by arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Immunofluorescence microscopy was used to determine coverage of blood vessels, and morphology of astrocytes and microglia in brain slices. HSL deletion reduced CBF, most prominently in cortex and hippocampus, while HFD feeding only lowered CBF in the hippocampus of wild‐type mice. CBF was positively correlated with lectin‐stained vessel density. HSL deletion did not exacerbate HFD‐induced microgliosis in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. HSL−/− mice showed preserved memory performance when compared to wild‐type mice, and HSL deletion did not significantly aggravate HFD‐induced memory impairment in object recognition tests. In contrast, HSL deletion conferred protection against HFD‐induced obesity, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance. Altogether, this study points to distinct roles of HSL in periphery and brain during diet‐induced obesity. While HSL−/− mice were protected against metabolic syndrome development, HSL deletion reduced brain perfusion without leading to aggravated HFD‐induced neuroinflammation and memory dysfunction.image
Perineuronal net deglycosylation associates with tauopathy‐induced gliosis and neurodegeneration
Authors: Logsdon Aric F. , Foresi Brian , Hu Shannon J. , Quah Emily , Meuret Cristiana J. , Le Jaden P. , Hendrickson Aarun S. , Redford Ingrid K. , Kumar Asmit , Phan Bao Anh , Doan Tammy P. , Noonan Cassidy , Hendricks Nzinga E. , Wheeler Jeanna M. , Kraemer Brian C. , Alonge Kimberly M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by clinical symptoms of memory and cognitive deficiencies. Postmortem evaluation of AD brain tissue shows proteinopathy that closely associate with the progression of this dementing disorder, including the accumulation of extracellular beta amyloid (Aβ) and intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) with neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Current therapies targeting Aβ have limited clinical efficacy and life‐threatening side effects and highlight the need for alternative treatments targeting pTau and other pathophysiologic mechanisms driving AD pathogenesis. The brain's extracellular matrices (ECM), particularly perineuronal nets (PNNs), play a crucial role in brain functioning and neurocircuit stability, and reorganization of these unique PNN matrices has been associated with the progression of AD and accumulation of pTau in humans. We hypothesize that AD‐associated changes in PNNs may in part be driven by the accumulation of pTau within the brain. In this work, we investigated whether the presence of pTau influenced PNN structural integrity and PNN chondroitin sulfate‐glycosaminoglycan (CS‐GAG) compositional changes in two transgenic mouse models expressing tauopathy‐related AD pathology, PS19 (P301S) and Tau4RTg2652 mice. We show that PS19 mice exhibit an age‐dependent loss of hippocampal PNN CS‐GAGs, but not the underlying aggrecan core protein structures, in association with pTau accumulation, gliosis, and neurodegeneration. The loss of PNN CS‐GAGs were linked to shifts in CS‐GAG sulfation patterns to favor the neuroregenerative isomer, 2S6S‐CS. Conversely, Tau4RTg2652 mice exhibit stable PNN structures and normal CS‐GAG isomer composition despite robust pTau accumulation, suggesting a critical interaction between neuronal PNN glycan integrity and neighboring glial cell activation. Overall, our findings provide insights into the complex relationship between PNN CS‐GAGs, pTau pathology, gliosis, and neurodegeneration in mouse models of tauopathy, and offer new therapeutic insights and targets for AD treatment.image
Patient and family engagement interventions for hospitalized patient safety: A scoping review
Authors: Cai Yan , Liu Yuan , Wang Cong , Liu Shanshan , Zhang Mingming , Jiang Yan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimTo summarize existing studies that focused on improving hospitalized patient safety through patient and family engagement interventions to identify priorities and gaps.DesignA scoping review.MethodsEight databases and citations of important reviews were searched on 30 September 2022. Two researchers independently screened the records. Then, two researchers extracted the data and cross‐checked. The results were synthesized narratively, and a comparison was performed for studies from China and those from other countries.ResultsNinety‐eight studies were included. The results indicated that patient and family engagement interventions were applied to decrease the incidence of patient safety incidents, and to improve the healthcare providers' and patients' knowledge, attitude or practice of patient safety. Most studies only engaged patients and families at the direct care level, and the engagement strategies at the organization and health system levels were insufficient. For stakeholders, many studies failed to consider patients' perspectives in intervention design and report taking staff training as a supportive strategy. Healthcare providers, especially nurses, were the main implementers of current interventions. Certain differences were observed between studies from China and those from other countries in the above aspects.ConclusionsInternational interest in engaging patient and family for patient safety is growing. Future studies should enhance the patient and family engagement as a partner in various patient safety at the direct care level, and further explore the engagement at the organization and health system levels.Relevance to Clinical PracticeNurses, as the main formal caregivers for patients, should promote patient and family engagement in patient safety, especially at direct care level. Nurse should also incorporate the perspectives of patients in the design and implementation of interventions.Reporting MethodPRISMA‐ScR Checklist.