bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic modeling of prominent oral contraceptive agents and applications in drug–drug interactions
Authors: Lewis Gareth J. , Ahire Deepak , Taskar Kunal S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractConsiderable interest remains across the pharmaceutical industry and regulatory landscape in capabilities to model oral contraceptives (OCs), whether combined (COCs) with ethinyl estradiol (EE) or progestin‐only pill. Acceptance of COC drug–drug interaction (DDI) assessment using physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) is often limited to the estrogen component (EE), requiring further verification, with extrapolation from EE to progestins discouraged. There is a paucity of published progestin component PBPK models to support the regulatory DDI guidance for industry to evaluate a new chemical entity's (NCE's) DDI potential with COCs. Guidance recommends a clinical interaction study to be considered if an investigational drug is a weak or moderate inducer, or a moderate/strong inhibitor, of CYP3A4. Therefore, availability of validated OC PBPK models within one software platform, will be useful in predicting the DDI potential with NCEs earlier in the clinical development. Thus, this work was focused on developing and validating PBPK models for progestins, DNG, DRSP, LNG, and NET, within Simcyp, and assessing the DDI potential with known CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole) and inducers (e.g., rifampicin) with published clinical data. In addition, this work demonstrated confidence in the Simcyp EE model for regulatory and clinical applications by extensive verification in 70+ clinical PK and CYP3A4 interaction studies. The results provide greater capability to prospectively model clinical CYP3A4 DDI with COCs using Simcyp PBPK to interrogate the regulatory decision‐tree to contextualize the potential interaction by known perpetrators and NCEs, enabling model‐informed decision making, clinical study designs, and delivering potential alternative COC options for women of childbearing potential.
Design and evaluation of a wearable vascular interventional surgical robot system
Authors: Yu Haoyang , Wang Hongbo , Rong Yu , Fang Junyu , Niu Jianye 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundRemote‐controlled robotic vascular interventional surgery can reduce radiation exposure to interventional physicians and improve safety. However, inconvenient operation and lack of force feedback limit its application.Materials and MethodsA new wearable robotic system for vascular interventional surgery is designed, which is more flexible in operation. It ensures the safety of surgery through haptic force feedback. The system was evaluated by human vascular models and animal experiments.ResultsThe average static error of the system is 0.048 mm when the axial motion is 250 mm and 1.259° when the rotational motion is 400°. The average error of the force feedback is 0.021 N. The results of vascular model experiments and animal experiments demonstrate the feasibility and safety of the system.ConclusionsThe proposed robotic system can assist physicians in remotely delivering standard catheters or guidewires. The system is more flexible and uses haptic force feedback to ensure surgical safety.
Metal Organic Vapor Phase Epitaxy in a Transmission Electron Microscope
Authors: Widemann Maximilian , Krug David , Maßmeyer Oliver , Gruber Felix , Beyer Andreas , Volz Kerstin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations of the metal–organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) growth promise to enhance the understanding of this complex process. However, a new experimental approach is required, capable of live imaging at the atomic scale and simultaneously reflecting this method's elevated pressures. To this end, a closed gas cell in situ TEM setup is used as a micrometer‐scaled MOVPE reactor to grow GaP using tertiary butyl phosphine (TBP) and trimethyl gallium (TMGa). To prove the MOVPE reactor ability of the in situ TEM holder, the thermal decomposition of TBP and TMGa is shown to proceed similarly to conventional reactor setups. Decomposition temperatures align with susceptor temperatures in MOVPE machines. Formed products and their temperature decomposition curves are comparable to previous investigations performed in conventional reactors, even though the setups significantly differ. The obtained results are exploited to grow GaP nanostructures via the MOVPE growth process inside the TEM. To prepare a substrate surface for GaP growth, which is highly challenging, Au‐catalyzed vapor‐liquid‐solid‐grown GaP nanowires are grown in the reactor cell. Subsequently, the nanowire's sidewalls serve as MOVPE substrates. These results lay the foundation for crystal growth observation under MOVPE conditions in a TEM.
Establishment of reliable relative price predictions for high‐strength steel members
Authors: Saufnay Loris , Demonceau Jean‐François 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent years, significant production improvements have been observed in the field of steel structures allowing for a constant increase in the yield strength and consequently for a reduction in the weight of structures. However, considering the required production techniques for high‐strength steels, which are sometimes more demanding in terms of energy as well as more demanding in terms of alloy content, the manufacturing cost generally increases with the yield strength. Accordingly, designers and engineers are sometimes reluctant to consider higher steel grades as they do not know in which cases their use presents an economic benefit. Evaluating reliable relative prices for higher grades is seen as a necessity to realise a prospective study and prove their economic benefit but, looking to the literature, only a few publications address this topic. Thus, this article aims to establish relative price‐strength relationships for different section typologies to help practitioners in choosing cost‐effective steel grades for their applications. These investigations are based on previously available producer price lists to establish relative price intervals for existing and future emerging steel grades. The results of this article demonstrate the base price dependency and the key features which govern the relative prices and thus the economic benefit of such grades.
Supergravities and branes from Hilbert-Poincaré series
Authors: Cremonini C. A. , Grassi P. A. , Noris R. , Ravera L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Molien-Weyl integral formula and the Hilbert-Poincaré series have proven to be powerful mathematical tools in relation to gauge theories, allowing to count the number of gauge invariant operators. In this paper we show that these methods can also be employed to construct Free Differential Algebras and, therefore, reproduce the associated pure supergravity spectrum and nonperturbative objects. Indeed, given a set of fields, the Hilbert-Poincaré series allows to compute all possible invariants and consequently derive the cohomology structure.
The reductive Borel–Serre compactification as a model for unstable algebraic K-theory
Authors: Clausen Dustin , Jansen Mikala Ørsnes 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLet A be an associative ring and M a finitely generated projective A-module. We introduce a category $${\text {RBS}}(M)$$

RBS
(
M
)

and prove several theorems which show that its geometric realisation functions as a well-behaved unstable algebraic K-theory space. These categories $${\text {RBS}}(M)$$

RBS
(
M
)

naturally arise as generalisations of the exit path $$\infty $$
∞
-category of the reductive Borel–Serre compactification of a locally symmetric space, and one of our main techniques is to find purely categorical analogues of some familiar structures in these compactifications.
The effect of teriparatide on patients with atypical femur fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Salamah Hazem Mohamed , Abualkhair Khaled Alsayed , Kamal Sara K. , Mohamed Hazem A. , Alkheder Ahmad , Farho Mohamad Ali , Mistry Dillan , Elbardesy Hany 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are one of the most often used drugs to lower fracture risk in osteoporosis patients; nonetheless, BPs have been linked to atypical femoral fracture (AFF). Teriparatide (TPTD) is a parathyroid hormone analogue and anabolic drug that may accelerate fracture repair. TPTD has been considered as a possible treatment for AFF, particularly those caused by BP use. We evaluate the effect of TPTD on AFF in this systematic review and meta-analysis.

Materials and methods
A thorough search of: Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane was conducted on August 2, 2023. Trials evaluating the effect of TPTD on the incidence of: complete bone healing, non-union, early and delayed bone union, progression of incomplete AFF to complete AFF, and time to bone union were included. Using Review Manager (RevMan) version 5.4, the risk ratio (RR) and mean difference (MD) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated for dichotomous and continuous outcomes, respectively. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of studies.

Results
Eight studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in our analysis. TPTD significantly increased the incidence of early bone union (RR = 1.45, 95% CI [1.13, 1.87], P = 0.004) and time to bone union (MD = −1.56, 95% CI [−2.86, −0.26], P = 0.02) compared to the control group. No significant differences were observed in terms of complete bone healing (RR = 1.09, 95% CI [0.99, 1.13], P = 0.12), non-union (RR = 0.48, 95% CI [0.22, 1.04], P = 0.06), and progression of incomplete AFF to complete AFF (RR = 0.27, 95% CI [0.04, 1.97], P = 0.19).

Conclusions
TPTD is an effective therapy for enhancing and hastening healing following AFF, particularly in postoperative settings. Future large randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm or dispute the results.
Ammonium nanochelators in conjunction with arginine-specific enzymes in amperometric biosensors for arginine assay
Authors: Stasyuk Nataliya , Gayda Galina , Nogala Wojciech , Holdynski Marcin , Demkiv Olha , Fayura Lyubov , Sibirny Andriy , Gonchar Mykhailo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAmino acid L-arginine (Arg), usually presented in food products and biological liquids, can serve both as a useful indicator of food quality and an important biomarker in medicine. The biosensors based on Arg-selective enzymes are the most promising devices for Arg assay. In this research, three types of amperometric biosensors have been fabricated. They exploit arginine oxidase (ArgO), recombinant arginase I (ARG)/urease, and arginine deiminase (ADI) coupled with the ammonium-chelating redox-active nanoparticles. Cadmium-copper nanoparticles (nCdCu) as the most effective nanochelators were used for the development of ammonium chemosensors and enzyme-coupled Arg biosensors. The fabricated enzyme/nCdCu-containing bioelectrodes show wide linear ranges (up to 200 µM), satisfactory storage stabilities (14 days), and high sensitivities (A⋅M−1⋅m−2) to Arg: 1650, 1700, and 4500 for ADI-, ArgO- and ARG/urease-based sensors, respectively. All biosensors have been exploited to estimate Arg content in commercial juices. The obtained data correlate well with the values obtained by the reference method. A hypothetic scheme for mechanism of action of ammonium nanochelators in electron transfer reaction on the arginine-sensing electrodes has been proposed.
Graphical abstract
Gambling as Work: A Study of German Poker Players
Authors: Weidner Linus 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe study addresses the question whether professional gamblers can be considered an occupational group from a sociological perspective. It combines survey data on poker players from the German state North Rhine-Westphalia with sociological theory in order to explain the oxymoron of professional gambling. The descriptive analysis of the survey data is supplemented by ego-centric network data of the poker players to analyze whether hobby and professional players maintain different forms of social relationships. Even when semiprofessionals and professional players are grouped together for the purpose of comparative analysis, they fulfill the criteria of occupational groups according to Salaman’s major work on the topic. The study points to the fact that more research on occupational groups outside of the common fields is needed and bridges the gap between the literature on serious leisure and sociological research on professions and professionalization.
Emerging trends of carbon emissions and foreign direct investment: accounting for ecological footprints, renewable energy, globalization, and technological innovations in BRICS
Authors: Kayani Umar Nawaz , Nasim Ismat , Aysan Ahmet Faruk , Bashir Farrukh , Iqbal Umer 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the intricate interplay between carbon emissions and foreign direct investment within the context of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) for the period spanning 2000 to 2022. In our comprehensive analysis, we incorporate ecological footprint, renewable energy, globalization, and technological innovations as exogenous variables. Employing a system of simultaneous equations across the BRICS panel, we aim to fully elucidate the proposed relationships. Our empirical findings underscore the following key insights: foreign direct investment, technological innovations, and the adoption of renewable energy sources significantly contribute to the mitigation of carbon emissions in these selected nations. However, it is essential to note that ecological footprints exhibit a positive association with carbon emissions, raising concerns on two fronts: escalating environmental degradation and increased land pressure, both of which contribute to rising ecological footprints in BRICS countries. Additionally, our analysis reveals that foreign direct investment is influenced by its capacity to reduce carbon emissions and bolster renewable energy adoption, while globalization amplifies investment trends within the BRICS nations. To address the environmental repercussions of mining activities, it is imperative to implement stringent control and regulation measures, given their potential adverse impacts, including soil pollution, acid mine drainage, erosion, biodiversity loss, excessive water resource consumption, and wastewater disposal challenges. Nevertheless, proactive steps such as recycling mining waste, adopting environmentally friendly mining equipment, combatting illegal mining, and enhancing overall mining sustainability offer promising avenues to mitigate the environmental footprint of mining operations.
New isoindolinone derivatives isolated from the fruiting bodies of the basidiomycete Hericium coralloides
Authors: Sum Winnie Chemutai , Gonkhom Didsanutda , Ibrahim Mahmoud A. A. , Stadler Marc , Ebada Sherif S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPreparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purification of the ethyl acetate extract derived from dried basidiomes of the European mushroom Hericium coralloides led to the identification of two previously undescribed isoindolinone derivatives named corallocins D and E (1-2). The structures of the compounds were elucidated based on HR-ESI-MS (high-resolution electron spray ionization mass spectrometry), interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR spectra, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) experiments, and comparisons with published and theoretical data. The metabolites were tested for their cytotoxic and antimicrobial effects in vitro where weak to moderate biological effects were observed against HeLa cells (KB 3.1), Mucor hiemalis and Bacillus subtilis.
How to Use Costs in Value-Based Healthcare: Learning from Real-life Examples
Authors: van der Poort Esmée K. J. , Kidanemariam Martha , Moriates Christopher , Rakers Margot M. , Tsevat Joel , Schroijen Marielle , Atsma Douwe E. , van den Akker-van Marle M. Elske , Bos Willem Jan W. , van den Hout Wilbert B. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Healthcare organizations measure costs for business operations but do not routinely incorporate costs in decision-making on the value of care.

Aim
Provide guidance on how to use costs in value-based healthcare (VBHC) delivery at different levels of the healthcare system.

Setting and Participants
Integrated practice units (IPUs) for diabetes mellitus (DM) and for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at the Leiden University Medical Center and a collaboration of seven breast cancer IPUs of the Santeon group, all in the Netherlands.

Program Description and Evaluation
VBHC aims to optimize care delivery to the patient by understanding how costs relate to outcomes. At the level of shared decision-making between patient and clinician, yearly check-up consultations for DM type I were analyzed for patient-relevant costs. In benchmarking among providers, quantities of cost drivers for breast cancer care were assessed in scorecards. In continuous learning, cost-effectiveness analysis was compared with radar chart analysis to assess the value of telemonitoring in outpatient follow-up.

Discussion
Costs vary among providers in healthcare, but also between provider and patient. The joint analysis of outcomes and costs using appropriate methods helps identify and optimize the aspects of care that drive desired outcomes and value.
Smooth numbers and the Dickman ρ function
Authors: Gorodetsky Ofir 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe establish an asymptotic formula for ψ(x, y) whose shape is xρ(log x/ log y) times correction factors. These factors take into account the contributions of zeta zeros and prime powers and the formula can be regarded as an (approximate) explicit formula for ψ(x, y). With this formula at hand we prove oscillation results for ψ(x, y), which resolve a question of Hildebrand on the range of validity of ψ(x, y) ≍ xρ(log x/ log y). We also address a question of Pomerance on the range of validity of ψ(x, y) ≥ xρ(log x/ log y).Along the way we improve classical estimates for ψ(x, y) and, on the Riemann Hypothesis, uncover an unexpected phase transition of ψ(x, y)at y = (log x)3/2+o(1).
Appetite and its Regulation: Are there Palatable Interventions for Heart Failure?
Authors: Lee Matthew M. Y. , Lean Michael E. J. , Sattar Naveed , Petrie Mark C. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Obesity is a major driver of heart failure (HF) incidence, and aggravates its pathophysiology. We summarized key reported and ongoing randomized clinical trials of appetite regulation and/or dietary energy restriction in individuals with HF.

Recent Findings
Weight loss can be achieved by structured supervised diet programs with behavioural change, medications, or surgery. The new glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists alone or in combination with other agents (e.g., glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon receptor agonists or amylin analogues) potently and sustainably reduce appetite, and, taken together with dietary advice, can produce substantial, life-changing, weight loss approaching that achieved by surgery. To date, data from the STEP-HFpEF trial show meaningful improvements in health status (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire).

Summary
Effective weight management could relieve several drivers of HF, to complement the existing treatments for HF with both reduced and preserved ejection fraction. Further trials of weight loss interventions will provide more definitive evidence to understand their effects on clinical events in patients with HF.
Tei Index and its Relation to Outcome of Critically Ill Children on Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy
Authors: Fadel Fatina I. , Badr Ahmed M. , Abdelkareem Marwa M. , Samir Mohammad , Abdallah Mohammad , Atia Fatma Mohammad , Ramadan Yasmin M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate echocardiographic parameters, especially the Tei index as a predictor of outcome in critically ill children on continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).

Methods
This cohort study included all critically ill patients admitted at the Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and underwent CRRT. Functional echocardiography and Pediatric Risk of Mortality Index (PRISM) III were used to evaluate the participants. Both the Tei index and the Vasoactive inotropic score (VIS) were estimated.

Results
The study included 35 patients with an age range of 6 mo to 14 y. The Tei indexes, VIS, and PRISM III were reported as predictors of mortality with a sensitivity of 88%, 83%, and 94% and a specificity of 73%, 79%, and 89% respectively. In survivors, the mean Tei index score, median VIS, and mean PRISM values were 0.44 ± 0.1, 3.8 (0–40), and 12.06 ± 3.35, respectively. However, in non-survivors, the mean Tei index, median VIS, and mean PRISM score were 0.59 ± 0.16, 0.60 (0–342.5), and 22.94 ± 8.93, respectively.

Conclusions
The Tei index could be used as a predictor for poor outcomes in children receiving CRRT. It is correlated to the PRISM score and VIS.
Feature-based search space characterisation for data-driven adaptive operator selection
Authors: Aydin Mehmet Emin , Durgut Rafet , Rakib Abdur , Ihshaish Hisham 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCombinatorial optimisation problems are known as unpredictable and challenging due to their nature and complexity. One way to reduce the unpredictability of such problems is to identify features and the characteristics that can be utilised to guide the search using domain-knowledge and act accordingly. Many problem solving algorithms use multiple complementary operators in patterns to handle such unpredictable cases. A well-characterised search space may help to evaluate the problem states better and select/apply a neighbourhood operator to generate more productive new problem states that allow for a smoother path to the final/optimum solutions. This applies to the algorithms that use multiple operators to solve problems. However, the remaining challenge is determining how to select an operator in an optimal way from the set of operators while taking the search space conditions into consideration. Recent research shows the success of adaptive operator selection to address this problem. However, efficiency and scalability issues persist in this regard. In addition, selecting the most representative features remains crucial in addressing problem complexity and inducing commonality for transferring experience across domains. This paper investigates if a problem can be represented by a number of features identified by landscape analysis, and whether an adaptive operator selection scheme can be constructed using Machine Learning (ML) techniques to address the efficiency and scalability problem. The proposed method determines the optimal categorisation by analysing the predictivity of a set of features using the most well-known supervised ML techniques. The identified set of features is then used to construct an adaptive operator selection scheme. The findings of the experiments demonstrate that supervised ML algorithms are highly effective when building adaptable operator selectors.