bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Twenty-four-hour rhythmicities in disorders of consciousness are associated with a favourable outcome
Authors: Gobert Florent , Corneyllie Alexandra , Bastuji Hélène , Berthomier Christian , Thevenet Marc , Abernot Jonas , Raverot Véronique , Dailler Frédéric , Guérin Claude , Gronfier Claude , Luauté Jacques , Perrin Fabien 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFluctuations of consciousness and their rhythmicities have been rarely studied in patients with a disorder of consciousness after acute brain injuries. 24-h assessment of brain (EEG), behaviour (eye-opening), and circadian (clock-controlled hormones secretion from urine) functions was performed in acute brain-injured patients. The distribution, long-term predictability, and rhythmicity (circadian/ultradian) of various EEG features were compared with the initial clinical status, the functional outcome, and the circadian rhythmicities of behaviour and clock-controlled hormones. Here we show that more physiological and favourable patterns of fluctuations are associated with a higher 24 h predictability and sharp up-and-down shape of EEG switches, reminiscent of the Flip-Flop model of sleep. Multimodal rhythmic analysis shows that patients with simultaneous circadian rhythmicity for brain, behaviour, and hormones had a favourable outcome. Finally, both re-emerging EEG fluctuations and homogeneous 24-h cycles for EEG, eye-opening, and hormones appeared as surrogates for preserved functionality in brainstem and basal forebrain, which are key prognostic factors for later improvement. While the recovery of consciousness has previously been related to a high short-term complexity, we suggest in this exploratory study the importance of the high predictability of the 24 h long-term generation of brain rhythms and highlight the importance of circadian body-brain rhythms in awakening.
Cell-compatible isotonic freezing media enabled by thermo-responsive osmolyte-adsorption/exclusion polymer matrices
Authors: Kato Yui , Matsuda Yuya , Uto Takuya , Tanaka Daisuke , Ishibashi Kojiro , Ishizaki Takeru , Ohta Akio , Kobayashi Akiko , Hazawa Masaharu , Wong Richard W. , Ninomiya Kazuaki , Takahashi Kenji , Hirata Eishu , Kuroda Kosuke 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDuring the long-term storage of cells, it is necessary to inhibit ice crystal formation by adding cryoprotectants. Non-cell-permeable cryoprotectants have high osmotic pressure which dehydrates cells, indirectly suppressing intracellular ice crystal formation. However, the high osmotic pressure and dehydration often damage cells. Emerging polymer-type non-cell-permeable cryoprotectants form matrices surrounding cells. These matrices inhibit the influx of extracellular ice nuclei that trigger intracellular ice crystal formation. However, these polymer-type cryoprotectants also require high osmotic pressure to exert an effective cryoprotecting effect. In this study, we designed a poly(zwitterion) (polyZI) that forms firm matrices around cells based on their high affinity to cell membranes. The polyZI successfully cryopreserved freeze-vulnerable cells under isotonic conditions. These matrices also controlled osmotic pressure by adsorbing and desorbing NaCl depending on the temperature, which is a suitable feature for isotonic cryopreservation. Although cell proliferation was delayed by the cellular matrices, washing with a sucrose solution improved proliferation.
Three-dimensional observations of the electric field distribution of variable frequency microwaves, and scaling-up organic syntheses
Authors: Horikoshi Satoshi , Mura Haruka , Serpone Nick 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVariable Frequency Microwave (VFM) radiation provides a solution to the inhomogeneity of the electric field in the cavity, which has long led to a decline in the reliability of microwave chemical data and its industrial utilization. Herein, we report in-situ three-dimensional experimental measurements of the electric field’s uniform distribution of VFMs within a multimode cavity under high power conditions, and their subsequent comparison to Fixed Frequency Microwaves (FFM) that could only be assessed earlier through theoretical analysis. We also examine the consequences of changes in VFM irradiation conditions and elucidate the threshold at which VFM irradiation might prove beneficial in syntheses. With an ultimate focus on the use of VFM microwave radiation toward industrial applications, we carried out an effective synthesis of 4-methylbyphenyl (4-MBP) in the presence of palladium (the catalyst) supported on activated carbon particulates (Pd/AC), and revisited two principal objectives: (a) the effective suppression of discharge phenomena (formation of hot spots), and (b) synthesis scale-up using a 5-fold increase in sample quantity and a 7.5-fold larger reactor size (diameter) than otherwise used in earlier studies.
Non-Hermitian reconstruction of photonic hierarchical topological states
Authors: Wang Hongfei , Xie Biye , Ren Wei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHigher-order topological phases featured by hierarchical topological states (HTSs) have spawned a paradigm for developing robust multidimensional wave manipulation. While non-Hermitian skin effects (NHSEs) entail that bulk states collapse to open boundaries as local skin modes, the topological transport properties at the interplay between HTS and NHSE are still at early stage of exploration. Here, we report the non-Hermitian reconstruction of HTSs by incorporating the interplay of NHSEs and HTSs, which manifests robust and controllable topological transport properties. By a feasible design in coupled resonant optical waveguides, we demonstrate that zero-dimensional topological states of HTSs only undergo non-Hermitian reconstruction at finitely small system sizes, while nonzero-dimensional topological states of HTSs undergo non-Hermitian reconstruction independent of bulk states. We link the behaviour of zero-dimensional topological states to the restriction of their spatially non-negligible couplings under a macroscopic non-reciprocal framework. Our study unveils the interplay mechanism between NHSEs and HTSs, and underpins topological applications in various wave systems.
Large anomalous Hall effect and negative magnetoresistance in half-topological semimetals
Authors: Zhu Yanglin , Huang Cheng-Yi , Wang Yu , Graf David , Lin Hsin , Lee Seng Huat , Singleton John , Min Lujin , Palmstrom Johanna C. , Bansil Arun , Singh Bahadur , Mao Zhiqiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProposed mechanisms for large intrinsic anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in magnetic topological semimetals include diverging Berry curvatures of Weyl nodes, anticrossing nodal rings or points of non-trivial bands. Here we demonstrate that a half-topological semimetal (HTS) state near a topological critical point can provide an alternative mechanism for a large AHE via systematic studies on an antiferromagnetic (AFM) half-Heusler compound TbPdBi. We not only observe a large AHE with tanΘH ≈ 2 in its field-driven ferromagnetic (FM) phase, but also find a distinct Hall resistivity peak in its canted AFM phase. Moreover, we observe a large negative magnetoresistance with a value of ~98%. Our in-depth theoretical modelling indicates that these exotic transport properties originate from the HTS state which exhibits Berry curvature cancellation between the trivial spin-up and nontrivial spin-down bands. Our study offers alternative strategies for improved materials design for spintronics and other applications.
An assessment of different transition pathways to a green global economy
Authors: Shayegh Soheil , Reissl Severin , Roshan Elnaz , Calcaterra Matteo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTransitioning to a green economy is urgently needed to achieve the climate targets by the end of this century. Here we investigate alternative pathways for the transition of the global economy from one dominated by the fossil-fueled (brown) sector to one dominated by the low-emission (green) sector. We modify a well-known integrated assessment model of climate change and economy to consider three transition pathways: Linear, Delayed, and Fast. Our results indicate that the main burden of the green transition lies on capital formation, accumulation, and transfers facilitated by full R&D investment in the green sector’s productivity. We also find that transition pathways rely on different mechanisms to achieve their targets. The Delayed pathway relies on the combination of higher green capital investment and an increase in green capital productivity through R&D investment, while the Fast pathway requires substantial transfers of capital from the brown sector coupled with high abatement efforts.
Multi-use of offshore wind farms with low-trophic aquaculture can help achieve global sustainability goals
Authors: Maar Marie , Holbach Andreas , Boderskov Teis , Thomsen Marianne , Buck Bela H. , Kotta Jonne , Bruhn Annette 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMulti-use of offshore wind farms with low-trophic aquaculture could provide sustainable energy, nutritious seafood, and restorative ecosystem services through nutrients and carbon capture and utilization. In a transition zone between marine and brackish seas, our model predicted that allocating 10% of projected wind farm areas to blue mussel and sugar kelp aquaculture in the North Sea - Baltic Sea transition zone could yield 18 t-fresh weight ha−1 yr−1. Total carbon captured and harvested from seaweed biomass and mussel shells would equal 40% of the carbon dioxide emissions from the Danish agricultural sector. Furthermore, global aquaculture production is projected to increase by 132% compared to current production. With technological and regulatory challenges still to be addressed, these findings demonstrate a vast potential of multi-use in offshore areas, which can generate blue biomass with fewer user conflicts, while mitigating eutrophication and climate change, thereby supporting multiple global sustainable development goals.
High temperature gamma radiation-induced chromium redox chemistry via in situ spectroscopic measurements
Authors: Conrad Jacy K. , Fox Robert V. , Danaher Emma G. , Horne Gregory P. 
Published: November 2023

Gamma irradiation promoted changes in the oxidation state distribution of Cr(iii) and Cr(vi) species in aqueous solution. The extent of these radiation-induced changes was dictated by pH and temperature (37–195 °C), as determined by in situ spectroscopic measurements.
Linear switched system modelling and analysis for the servo system
Authors: Zhang Qian , Ma Qianqian , Yang Heng , Cao Wenping , Wang Qunjing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAiming at resolving the parameter uncertainty of the servo system under multi‐working conditions, a flatness‐based switched linear system model is proposed. Firstly, a fifth‐order linear switched discrete‐time system with uncertain parameters is established. The flatness properties of switched system is described and a de Bruijn's graph‐based framework is introduced for graphical description of the switched system. In addition, non‐linear bode diagrams are obtained via sweeping signals with multiple amplitudes. The discrete equations of the electromechanical servo system are established by the bode plots. The unknown parameters of the subsystems in switched model are identified by the simulated annealing algorithm, and compared with the least squares method to verify the accuracy of the identified parameters. Finally, the simulation model and experimental platform are constructed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The switched model is compared with the classical transfer function model and single subsystems. The results indicate that the resolution of parameter uncertainty in servo systems is effective. The accuracy of the established switched model is about 99.5%. The accuracy of the switched linear system model of the electromechanical servo system is verified and the proposed modelling method is validated.
Transformerless partial power converter topology for electric vehicle fast charge
Authors: Pesantez Daniel , Renaudineau Hugues , Rivera Sebastian , Peralta Alejandro , Marquez Alcaide Abraham , Kouro Samir 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIncreasing the power rating of electric vehicles (EV) fast charging stations to reduce charging times is considered critical to accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles. Besides increasing the power, other drivers pushing the development of EV fast chargers include the improvement of efficiency and reliability. Partial power converters (PPC) have emerged as an interesting option for some of the power converter stages in fast charging stations due to their potential to increase efficiency and power rating. However, some PPCs operate as switched autotransformers by using high frequency (HF) isolation transformers but without providing galvanic isolation. This is a drawback due to cost, size and losses introduced by the transformer. This paper presents a transformerless DC–DC Type I step‐up PPC for a DC–DC regulation converter for EV fast charging stations. The proposed converter replaces the transformer commonly used in Type I PPC by an impedance network, resulting in a more efficient, cheaper, and less complex converter option. This concept is verified through simulations and experimentally validated with a laboratory prototype.
Bisymmetric pupil modification deconvolution strategy for differential optical transfer function (dOTF) wavefront sensing
Authors: Martinez P. , Dharmadhikari R. 
Published: November 2023

Context.The differential optical transfer function (dOTF) is a model-independent image-based wavefront sensor for measuring the complex pupil field (phase and amplitude). This method is particularly suitable for compensating non-common path aberrations or for the phasing of segmented telescopes that often prevent the so-called diffraction-limit resolution from being achieved with real-world instruments.Aims.The main problem inherent to the dOTF approach is to address the effect of the convolution. The resolution of the recovered complex pupil field is impacted by the size of the pupil modification. The complex pupil field estimated by the dOTF is blurred by convolution with the complex conjugate of the pupil modification. If the pupil modification involves a non-negligible region of the pupil (actuator or segment poke), it causes significant blurring and resolution loss.Methods.We propose a bisymmetric pupil modification deconvolution strategy to solve this problem. We use two different dOTFs with the opposite-sign pupil modification to identify the pupil modification location and four dOTFs with a symmetric pupil modification to complete the knowledge of their impact on the complex pupil field prior to the deconvolution process in the Fourier domain. The proposed strategy solves the intrinsic limitation of a former deconvolution algorithm, namely the cross-iteration deconvolution algorithm, which is restricted to amplitude pupil modification and precludes its applicability to phase pupil modification.Results.The bissymetric pupil modification deconvolution strategy is a novel probing pattern that permits the extension of iterative cross-deconvolution to phase-only probes. The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been validated analytically and with numerical simulations.Conclusions.The bisymmetric pupil modification deconvolution strategy can improve the resolution and accuracy of dOTF wavefront sensing and contributes to efficient and precise image-based wavefront sensing techniques.
Dermaceutical Utilization of Nigella sativa Seeds:
Applications and Opportunities
Authors: Khatoon Mariyam , Kushwaha Poonam , Usmani Shazia , Madan Kumud 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSkin diseases have recently become a major concern among people of all ages due
to their highly visible symptoms and persistent and difficult treatment, which
significantly impact their quality of life. Nigella sativa seeds, also
known as "black seeds" or "kalonji," are one of
the most commonly used herbal medicines due to their wide range of biological
and pharmacological activities. It contains a wide range of bioactive
constituents found in both fixed and essential oils. It has been used for
hundreds of years as an alternative ethnomedicine to treat a wide range of skin
conditions. N. sativa's dermatological applications in skin
diseases are attributed to its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,
antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory properties, making it an intriguing skincare
candidate. Several studies unravelled positive results associated with N.
sativa on skin diseases. As N. sativa is the most studied
medicinal plant, several preclinical and clinical studies have been conducted to
establish its use in the treatment of various skin diseases. Thymoquinone has
anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties, which mainly
contributed to the treatment of skin diseases. In this context, the present
review explores all the available studies on the association of N. sativa
and its effect on treating skin diseases in light of recent studies and patents
supporting its therapeutic applications.
Evaluation of the Effect of Low-dose Aspirin on the Prevention of Preterm Delivery in Women with a History of Spontaneous Preterm Delivery
Authors: Mirzamoradi Masoumeh , Dehghani Zahra , Azadi Pegah , Mohammadi Maryam , Khavandegar Armin , Bakhtiyari Mahmood 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective Currently, uteroplacental vascular disorders are considered one of the main mechanisms of spontaneous preterm delivery (PTD). Low-dose aspirin is used to prevent pre-eclampsia, which has a similar mechanism; hence, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of low-dose aspirin on the prevention of PTD in women with a history of spontaneous PTD.
Methods The present pilot randomized clinical trial was conducted on 54 pregnant women in the aspirin group (taking 80 mg daily until the 36th week and classic treatment) and 53 patients in the control group (only receiving classic treatment).
Results Forty-three patients (40%) presented before 37 weeks due to symptoms of PTL. Preterm delivery (< 37 weeks) occurred in 28 patients (26%), and there was no significant difference between the aspirin and control groups (10 patients [19%] and 18 patients [34%], respectively; p = 0.069). The time of preterm delivery was early (< 34 weeks) in 6 patients (21%), and its cause was spontaneous labor in 23 patients (82%) which was not significantly different between the two groups (p > 0.05). Out of 40 patients with spontaneous labor, 25 patients (63%) had a PTD, which was significantly lower in the aspirin group than in the control group (9 patients [45%] versus 16 patients [80%], respectively; p = 0.022).
Conclusion The findings of the present study demonstrated that despite the reduction in the incidence of PTD using low-dose aspirin, the reduction rate was not statistically significant. On the other hand, in patients with spontaneous labor prone to PTD, aspirin was effective in reducing the incidence of PTD.
Five-year Contraceptive Use of 52-mg Levonorgestrel Releasing Intrauterine System in Young Women, Menstrual Patterns, and New Contraceptive Choice
Authors: de Oliveira Elaine Cristina Fontes , Rocha Ana Luiza Lunardi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the continuation rates of the 52-mg levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) during the first 5 years of use, reasons for its discontinuation, bleeding patterns, and new contraceptive choice after the 5th year, in adolescents and young women.
Methods The present study was a 5-year prospective cohort conducted in a Family Planning Service of a tertiary hospital in Brazil. We selected 100 healthy women between 15 and 24 years old who used 52-mg LNG-IUS for contraception. The clinical follow-up of these women took place from June 2017 to December 2022. The study evaluated the continuation rates of the method, reasons for its discontinuation, bleeding patterns, and new contraceptive choice after the 5th year. Continuous data were reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and range (minimum-maximum). Categorical variables were described as percentages.
Results The continuation rates of LNG-IUS were 89.1% (82/92), 82.9% (72/87), 75.3% (64/85), 70.5% (60/85), and 64.2% (54/84) in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th years of use, respectively. The main reason for discontinuation was acne (11/30). Amenorrhea rates were 50, 54.1, 39, 35.7, and 51.8% at 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months, respectively. All patients who completed the study and needed contraception after the 5th year opted for long-acting contraceptive methods (LARC).
Conclusion The LNG-IUS showed high continuation rates in adolescents and young women in the first 5 years of use. Most patients who completed the study chose a LARC method after the 5th year.
Word-Finding Difficulties as a Prominent Early Finding in a Later Diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Ganelin-Cohen Esther , Pilowsky Peleg Tammy , Leibovich Noa , Bachrachg Esther , Watemberg Nathan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neuropsychological disorder primarily diagnosed in childhood. Early intervention was found to significantly improve developmental outcomes, implicating on the role of early identification of ADHD markers. In the current study, we explored the developmental history of children referred to neurological assessment to identify early ADHD predictors.
Methods A total of 92 children and adolescents (41 females) recruited at a pediatric neurology clinic, with suspected ADHD (n = 39) or other neurological difficulties (n = 53) such as headaches, seizures, tic disorders, orthostatic hypotension, postischemic stroke, intermittent pain, and vasovagal syncope. Developmental history information was obtained from caregivers, and evaluation for possible ADHD was performed. Developmental details were compared between children with and without current ADHD diagnosis.
Results Word-finding difficulties (WFDs) in preschool age was reported in 30.4% of the sample. Among children diagnosed with ADHD, 43% had WFDs history, compared with only 5% in children without ADHD. Among children with WFDs history, 93% were later diagnosed with ADHD compared with 42% in children without WFDs history. The relationship between WFDs and ADHD was significant (chi-square test [1, N = 92] = 20.478, p < 0.0001), and a logistic regression model demonstrated that asides from a family history of ADHD, the strongest predictor for ADHD in school age children was a history of WFDs.
Conclusion Preliminary evidence supports a predictive link between preschool WFDs and later ADHD diagnosis, highlighting the importance of early WFDs clinical attention.