bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myoid gonadal stromal tumor of the testis—the novel subtype of testicular gonadal stromal tumors: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Dieckmann Klaus-Peter , Tharun Lars , Angerer Markus , Harms Alexander , Wülfing Christian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Sex cord gonadal stromal tumors compose less than 10% of all testicular neoplasms and consist of a variety of histological subtypes. In 2016, the World Health Organization introduced a novel subtype, the myoid gonadal stromal tumor, that consists of spindle-shaped cells with immunohistologic features of muscle cells. Only few cases have been reported to date. Due to its rarity and owing to its only recent introduction, the current knowledge about myoid gonadal stromal tumor is limited, and particularly, appropriate clinical management is still ill-defined.

Case presentation
A 47-year-old man of Caucasian descent presented with nonspecific scrotal discomfort. A roundish and well demarcated hypoechoic mass of 8.5 mm in diameter was detected in the cranial region of the left testis. Serum tumor marker levels were within normal ranges. Testis-sparing surgery revealed a 9-mm whitish, hard mass with sharp surgical margin. Histologically, the neoplasm consisted of microfibrillar tissue with spindle-shaped cells harboring elongated nuclei. Immunohistochemical work-up disclosed expression of desmin, small muscle actin, and S100 protein giving evidence for the myogenic nature of the neoplastic cells. There was no indication of malignancy, neither histologically nor clinically. Follow-up of 1 year was uneventful.

Conclusion
A literature survey revealed 22 previous cases of myoid gonadal stromal tumor. The median age was 37 years, the median size of the neoplasm was 20 mm, and there was no side-preponderance. Myoid gonadal stromal tumor is not much different from other subtypes of gonadal stromal tumors nor from testicular gem cell tumors regarding age and laterality; however, tumor size is smaller in myoid gonadal stromal tumors than in germ cell tumors. Although rarely performed so far, testis-sparing surgery probably constitutes an appropriate treatment of this neoplasm. Myoid gonadal stromal tumor represents an emerging novel entity of benign testicular new growths that caregivers of patients with testicular tumors should be aware of.
Existence and stability of a q-Caputo fractional jerk differential equation having anti-periodic boundary conditions
Authors: Khalid Khansa Hina , Zada Akbar , Popa Ioan-Lucian , Samei Mohammad Esmael 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this work, we analyze a q-fractional jerk problem having anti-periodic boundary conditions. The focus is on investigating whether a unique solution exists and remains stable under specific conditions. To prove the uniqueness of the solution, we employ a Banach fixed point theorem and a mathematical tool for establishing the presence of distinct fixed points. To demonstrate the availability of a solution, we utilize Leray–Schauder’s alternative, a method commonly employed in mathematical analysis. Furthermore, we examine and introduce different kinds of stability concepts for the given problem. In conclusion, we present several examples to illustrate and validate the outcomes of our study.
Artificial light at night (ALAN) pollution alters bat lunar chronobiology: insights from broad-scale long-term acoustic monitoring
Authors: Li Han , Allen Pauline , Boris Saige , Lagrama Samantha , Lyons Jade , Mills Christina , Moussi Pauline , Nichols Casey , Tacosik Carter , Tsaousis McKenzie , Livingston Wilson Nyzaya , Grider John F. , Parker Kevin A. , Kalcounis-Rueppell Matina C. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The timing of behavior and habitat use of nocturnal animals can be influenced by the lunar cycle in nature. The prevalence of artificial light at night (ALAN) has been recognized as a source of environmental pollution. The interaction between ALAN and the lunar cycle on bat behavior is important for understanding anthropogenic effects on bats. We utilized a decade (2012–2022) of acoustic monitoring data collected in North Carolina, United States, to investigate the relationship between bat activity, lunar cycle, and light pollution. We examined whether the amount of lunar illumination affected species-specific nightly activity and whether hourly bat activity patterns varied between nights with different moon phases. We further investigated if the relationship between bat activity and the lunar cycle might be altered by light pollution.

Results
We found that seven bat species showed activity variation across nights in relation to the amount of moon illumination when ALAN was absent. In general, bats were less active on full moon nights compared to new moon nights. Light pollution interacted with the bat–lunar relationship in five of the seven species, masking the effect of the lunar cycle. We identified delayed bat activity patterns on nights with a full or waxing moon in seven species, and light pollution altered that pattern in four species. Overall, ALAN was associated with decreased bat activity independent of lunar cycle effects.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that at a broad spatial scale, ALAN negatively affected many North American temperate bat species and altered their lunar chronobiology. As light pollution is spreading to historically dark areas and habitats, ALAN might couple with other threats, such as the white-nose syndrome or climate change, to cause cascading damage in the environment that depends on ecosystem services such as pest control provided by bats. We argue that further research and conservation actions are needed to mitigate the impact of light pollution.
Multi-scale habitat influences sprainting and group size of a freshwater-obligate smooth-coated otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) in Tungabhadra Otter Conservation Reserve, India
Authors: Moun Ankit , Kumar P. Ramesh , Priya M. Malathi , Ramesh T. , Kalle Riddhika 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The impact of changing land-use patterns and associated anthropogenic threats on scale-dependent habitat use of semi-aquatic mustelids in scent-marking and social behaviour can provide important insights into the habitat ecology of smooth-coated otters (Lutrogale perspicillata).

Methods
We sampled 180 stream segments (100–400 m) as spatial replicates of 60 1-km2 sites to record indirect evidence (i.e. spraints and mass latrine sites) and group sizes of smooth-coated otters along the Tungabhadra Otter Conservation Reserve (TOCR) during the dry season. To quantify habitat, we recorded stream characteristics, riparian vegetation, and anthropogenic disturbances at the local scale, and hydro-environmental characteristics and land uses at the landscape scale. Using Markovian-chain detection and occupancy models, we assessed the multi-scale habitat use of otters in their selection of suitable areas for scent-marking based on repeated presence-absence data on spraint/latrine locations along the TOCR. We further used linear regression techniques to explore relationships between the number of individuals in smooth-coated otter group and hydro-environmental characteristics, spraint/latrine encounter rate, anthropogenic pressure, land cover, topography, and vegetation.

Results
At the local scale, the probability of spraint deposition and group size decreased with anthropogenic disturbance while the probability of spraint detections decreased with grass cover. At the landscape scale, the probability of otter site use for spraint deposition and group sizes increased in southeast flowing streams. Spraint deposition increased with the proportion of sugarcane fields, whereas in contrast, group size decreased with proportion of sugarcane fields.

Conclusions
Our findings highlight the first empirical evidence on multi-scale habitat use of a southern Indian population of smooth-coated otters in an inland freshwater ecosystem surrounded by the scrub jungle–agriculture matrix. We suggest that habitat models built from analytical approaches that account for correlated detections can avoid biased predictions when estimating occupancy and detection probability of semi-aquatic or riparian mammal communities with linear distributions. Our findings indicate that human activity can impose constraints on the choice of sites used for spraint deposition and preliminary patterns in otter groups. The study provides some crucial evidence on the need to maintain areas with minimal human interference for sustainability of freshwater reserves.
Comparison of two 3D scanning software to identify facial features: a prospective instrument to predict difficult airway
Authors: Rocuts Alexander , Avella-Molano Bibiana , Behr Amanda , Lakhani Farhan , Bolds Bryant , Riveros-Amado Matias , Riveros-Perez Efrain 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Clinical airway assessment has limited predictive ability to anticipate difficult airway. Three-dimensional (3D) technologies have emerged in medicine as valuable tools in different settings including innovation and surgical planning. Three-dimensional facial scanning could add value to clinical measurements and two-dimensional models to assess the airway. However, commonly used high-fidelity scans are expensive. This study aims to compare the accuracy of the measurements made by the Scandy Pro app as a cost-effective alternative to high-fidelity scans made by the Artec Space Spider. We also aim to evaluate the interobserver variability for the measurements performed with Scandy Pro.

Materials and methods
We conducted a cross-sectional, comparison study on 10 healthy volunteers. Four observers measured 720 distances and 400 using both Scandy Pro and Artec Space Spider facial scans. Wilcoxon test was used for group–group comparison.

Results
Comparison of both instruments showed no difference in angle or distance measurements. The percentage error (measurement difference between the two devices) exhibited by one of the observers was significantly different compared with the other three observers; however, the magnitude of this individual deviation did not affect the overall percentage error. The overall error for Scandy Pro was 5.5% (3.9% and 6.7% for angles and distances, respectively).

Conclusion
Three-dimensional facial scanning with Scandy Pro is an accurate tool that can be a cost-effective alternative to high-fidelity scans produced by the Artec Space Spider.
Polyvascular atherosclerosis and renal dysfunction increase the odds of cognitive impairment in vascular disease: findings of the LipidCardio study
Authors: König Maximilian , Palmer Katie , Malsch Carolin , Steinhagen-Thiessen Elisabeth , Demuth Ilja 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Growing evidence suggests a causal role for atherosclerotic vascular disease in cognitive impairment and dementia. Atherosclerosis may present as monovascular disease (monoVD) or as widespread polyvascular atherosclerotic disease (polyVD). Evidence on the relationship between monoVD or polyVD and cognitive impairment is limited.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the LipidCardio Study. The main outcome measure was the presence of cognitive impairment, defined as a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score < 26.

Results
The mean age was 71.5 years, 30.3% were female, 17.3% had no evidence of large-vessel atherosclerosis, 71.1% had monoVD, and 11.7% had polyVD, defined as the presence of atherosclerosis in ≥ 2 vascular territories (coronary, cerebral, aortic, or lower extremity). A total of 21.6% had cognitive impairment according to the prespecified cutoff (MMSE < 26). Overall, the odds of cognitive impairment increased for each additional vascular territory affected by atherosclerosis [adjusted odds ratio 1.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21–2.57, p = 0.003]. Furthermore, there was evidence for an interaction between vascular disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The odds of cognitive impairment were not greater in the monoVD subgroup compared to those without any atherosclerosis, if CKD was absent (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.48–2.10; p = 0.095), while the odds ratio (OR) of cognitive impairment with polyVD compared to no atherosclerosis was 2.71 (95% CI 1.10–6.92; p = 0.031). In contrast, in patients with CKD, both monoVD and polyVD were associated with significantly higher odds of cognitive impairment than no atherosclerosis.

Conclusions
PolyVD is associated with increased odds of cognitive impairment. MonoVD is associated with cognitive impairment only in the presence of CKD.
Correlations between multimodal neuroimaging and peripheral inflammation in different subtypes and mood states of bipolar disorder: a systematic review
Authors: Long Jing-Yi , Li Bo , Ding Pei , Mei Hao , Li Yi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Systemic inflammation-immune dysregulation and brain abnormalities are believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder (BD). However, the connections between peripheral inflammation and the brain, especially the interactions between different BD subtypes and episodes, remain to be elucidated. Therefore, we conducted the present study to provide a comprehensive understanding of the complex association between peripheral inflammation and neuroimaging findings in patients with bipolar spectrum disorders.

Methods
This systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (CRD42023447044) and conducted according to the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Study Design (PICOS) framework. Online literature databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library) were searched for studies that simultaneously investigated both peripheral inflammation-related factors and magnetic resonance neurography of BD patients up to July 01, 2023. Then, we analysed the correlations between peripheral inflammation and neuroimaging, as well as the variation trends and the shared and specific patterns of these correlations according to different clinical dimensions.

Results
In total, 34 publications ultimately met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review, with 2993 subjects included. Among all patterns of interaction between peripheral inflammation and neuroimaging, the most common pattern was a positive relationship between elevated inflammation levels and decreased neuroimaging measurements. The brain regions most susceptible to inflammatory activation were the anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala, prefrontal cortex, striatum, hippocampus, orbitofrontal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, postcentral gyrus, and posterior cingulate cortex.

Limitations
The small sample size, insufficiently explicit categorization of BD subtypes and episodes, and heterogeneity of the research methods limited further implementation of quantitative data synthesis.

Conclusions
Disturbed interactions between peripheral inflammation and the brain play a critical role in BD, and these interactions exhibit certain commonalities and differences across various clinical dimensions of BD. Our study further confirmed that the fronto-limbic-striatal system may be the central neural substrate in BD patients.
ADHD learners as victims or survivors in L2 learning contexts: a case of application of dynamic assessment to selective attention and reading comprehension ability
Authors: Salehi Hadiseh , Khoii Roya , Rashtchi Mojgan , Arjmandnia Ali Akbar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith the growing concern for the issues and problems associated with static testing, dynamic assessment (DA) has been recently receiving increased attention as an alternative in educational settings. The present single case study attempted to investigate the potential of interactionist dynamic assessment in developing an Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) L2 learner’s reading competence and selective attention. A 13-year-old female EFL learner with the combined type of ADHD voluntarily participated in this study. During the DA sessions, the learner read some short passages and answered the questions through mediations emerging from the interactions between the mediator and the learner. The qualitative analysis of DA protocols led to the development of an inventory of different forms of implicit and explicit mediations. Moreover, the quantitative analysis of the data showed that DA contributed to the learner’s reading comprehension and some congruent parameters of selective attention. The results of the present study call for teachers’, policymakers’, and material developers’ increasing attention to the mediations required to assist ADHD L2 learner’s independence from the mediator, which demonstrates self-regulation.
Barriers to Timely Seeking of Breast Cancer Care Among Palestinian Women: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Elshami Mohamedraed , Qawasmi Malak Ayman , Ghithan Roba Jamal , Al-Slaibi Ibrahim , Alser Mohammed , Shurrab Nouran Ramzi , Ismail Islam Osama , Mahfouz Ibtisam Ismail , AbdulQader Fannon Aseel , Hawa Mona Radi , Giacaman Narmeen , Ahmaro Manar , Okshiya Heba Mahmoud , Zaatreh Rula Khader , AbuKhalil Wafa Aqel , Usrof Faten Darwish , Melhim Noor Khairi , Madbouh Ruba Jamal , Abu Hziema Hala Jamal , Abed-Allateef Lahlooh Raghad , Ubaiat Sara Nawaf , Jaffal Nour Ali , Alawna Reem Khaled , Abed Salsabeel Naeem , Abuzahra Bessan Nimer , Abu Kwaik Aya Jawad , Dodin Mays Hafez , Taha Raghad Othman , Alashqar Dina Mohammed , Mobarak Roaa Abd-alfattah , Smerat Tasneem , Albarqi Shurouq I. , Abu-El-Noor Nasser , Bottcher Bettina 
Published: February 2024

PURPOSE Examining the association of breast cancer (BC) symptom awareness with time to help seeking and exploring barriers to timely presentation may enhance the effectiveness of BC awareness campaigns and early detection efforts. This study aimed to assess the anticipated time for seeking medical advice when experiencing a potential BC symptom among women in Palestine and to identify their barriers to early presentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A convenience sampling method was used to recruit adult women from hospitals, primary health care facilities, and public areas across 11 governorates in Palestine. A translated-into-Arabic version of the validated BC Awareness Measure was used. The questionnaire consisted of three sections: sociodemographic information, recognition of 13 BC symptoms and reporting time for seeking medical advice, and barriers to early presentation. RESULTS A total of 5,257 questionnaires were included. The proportion of participants who would seek medical advice immediately varied on the basis of the nature of BC symptoms. For symptoms related to the breast, the proportion ranged from 25.7% for redness of the breast skin to 53.5% for a lump or thickening in the breast. For symptoms related to the nipple, the proportion ranged from 30.7% for nipple rash to 48.0% for discharge or bleeding from the nipple. Exhibiting good BC symptom awareness was associated with a higher likelihood of seeking medical advice within a week for all BC symptoms. Emotional barriers were the most frequently reported barriers. There was no association between increasing levels of BC awareness and reporting fewer or more barriers. CONCLUSION The nature of BC symptoms had an impact on help-seeking behaviors. Participants with good BC symptom awareness were more likely to seek medical advice earlier.
A Test of the Validity of Imputed Legal Immigration Status
Authors: Castillo Marcelo , Hill Alexandra , Hertz Thomas 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We evaluate the performance of a widely used technique for imputing the legal immigration status of U.S. immigrants in survey data—the logical imputation method. We validate this technique by implementing it in a nationally representative survey of U.S. farmworkers that includes a well-regarded measure of legal status. When using this measure as a benchmark, the imputation algorithm correctly identifies the legal status of 78% of farmworkers. Of all the variables included in the algorithm, we find that Medicaid participation poses the greatest challenge for accuracy. Using the American Community Survey, we show that increased Medicaid enrollments stemming from the implementation of the Affordable Care Act in 2014 led to sizable changes in the share of immigrants imputed as legal over time and across space. We explore the implications of these changes for two previous studies and conclude that including Medicaid criteria in the imputation algorithm can significantly impact research findings. We also provide tools to gauge the sensitivity of results.
The Learning Curve and Clinical Outcomes With 250 Laser Ablations for Brain Tumors: A Pathway to Experience
Authors: Merenzon Martin A. , Bhatia Shovan , Levy Adam , Di Long , Gurses Muhammet Enes , Rivera Cameron , Daggubati Lekhaj , Luther Evan , Shah Ashish H. , Komotar Ricardo J. , Ivan Michael E. 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) has gained popularity as a minimally invasive technique for treating brain tumors. Despite its proven safety profile, LITT is not yet widely available, and there is a lack of data on the learning curve required to achieve proficiency. This study analyzes a 250-patient cohort of laser-ablated tumors to describe changes in patient selection and clinical outcomes over time and experience, with the aim of providing insight into the learning curve for incorporating LITT into a neuro-oncology program and identifying a cutoff point that distinguishes novice from expert performance.

METHODS:
We retrospectively reviewed 250 patients with brain tumor who underwent LITT between 2013 and 2022. Demographic and clinical data were analyzed. Kaplan Meier curves were used for survival analysis. Operative time was evaluated using exponential curve-fit regression analysis to identify when consistent improvement began.

RESULTS:
The patients were divided into quartiles (Q) based on their date of surgery. Mean tumor volume increased over time (Q1 = 5.7 and Q4 = 11.9 cm3, P = .004), and newly diagnosed lesions were more frequently ablated (P = .0001). Mean operative time (Q1 v Q4 = 322.3 v 204.6 min, P < .0001) and neurosurgical readmission rate (Q1 v Q4 = 7.8% v 0%, P = .03) were reduced over time. The exponential curve-fit analysis showed a sustained decay in operative time after case #74. The extent of ablation (P = .69), the recurrence (P = .11), and the postoperative complication rate (P = .78) did not vary over time.

CONCLUSION:
After treating 74 patients, a downward trend in the operative time is observed. Patient selection is broadened as experience increases.
Understanding the Vital Role of Health/Fitness Professionals in Long COVID Recovery
Authors: Sanders Mary E. , Bryant Cedric X. , Vanichkachorn Greg 
Published: February 2024

Apply It!
• Understand the challenges that individuals with long COVID face to provide safe and effective steps toward recovery.
• Discover how health/fitness professionals and health care providers can work together to help ensure that individuals with long COVID receive the best possible care and support.
• Recommend activity strategies that lead to positive experiences while nurturing a safe, comfortable, and healthy path to a desirable lifestyle.
• Be compassionate and encourage clients to practice patience to balance hope for normalcy with honesty about personal capabilities.
Editor’s note – With the rapidly changing research surrounding COVID and long COVID, it is important to note that due to production deadlines, the information contained within this article was compiled in October 2023, and may not include the latest information available.