bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Images of Identity
Authors: Krostenko Brian A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter illustrates Cicero’s allusive refitting of shared points of reference in depicting himself, Rullus, and Pompey. The bill attached war spoils but excepted Pompey’s (LA 1.11–13, 2.59). Cicero turns the boon into an insult by making Pompey a touchstone of aequitas ‘equitability.’ The bill provided the commissioners with equipment (LA 2.32–33). Cicero lists it in a way that recalls the Second Decemvirate of 450, who turned from champions of the people into tyrants—just as Cicero claims Rullus will. The bill authorized the purchase of land (LA 2.62–71). To show that Rullus, and not the people, will benefit thereby, Cicero evokes the symbolic power of the tribune’s voice: far from ejecting unjust occupiers, it will sing their song. The peroration makes Cicero into the true tribune, loyal to the people and providing them benefits—which here become not material commoda but political otium ‘tranquility.’
Living Together
Authors: Whiting Jennifer 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This book comprises essays centered on Aristotle’s objectivist conception of eudaimonia, especially the roles played in it by activities of theoretical and practical intellect and the quality of our relationships with one another. Common objections to grounding this conception in the “proper function” of a human being are answered by appeal to the role played by Aristotle’s teleologically driven essentialism. His struggle to reconcile living in accordance with distinctively human virtues with the ideal of living a “divine” contemplative life is explored, along with puzzles about how to reconcile his conception of eudaimonia as the ultimate end of human action with the parallel requirements that virtuous agents choose to engage in virtuous action “for itself” and that friends love their friends “for themselves.” Readings of Aristotle’s “eudaimonism” as a form of rational egoism are challenged by appeal to an original account of the ideal friend as an “other self,” one that stresses appreciation of the friend’s character “for itself” (apart from any relationships in which it happens to stand to the agent’s own needs and/or tastes) but acknowledges the role played by pleasure in “character friendship.” The friend’s good is not, as on “colonizing ego” readings, part of the agent’s own. Rather, the ideal friend recognizes the value her friend’s activity has for him and she take pleasure in his activity as such. This explains why even the maximally self-sufficient (and so most godlike) agent, who needs nothing from a friend, will nevertheless want to have at least one.
Gnostikos
Authors: Young Robin Darling , Kalvesmaki Joel , Stewart Columba , Stang Charles , Dysinger Luke 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Composed of fifty kephalaia, this work supplements the Praktikos and aims to train the gnostikos for the role of being a teacher among ascetics. It recommends certain actions and warns against others, proposes certain habits of conduct in meetings with various interlocutors, and shows how to interpret scripture for both simpler, practicing monastics and more experienced students. Evagrius recommends a practice of concealment that protects the less-learned from the harmful effects of knowledge without sufficient understanding. At the end of the treatise, five teachings of experienced teachers are quoted before a recapitulation of the difference between practicing and knowing, concluding with a reminder of the purpose of the gnostikos as the teacher who restores human images to their archetype, the logos. The three Syriac versions are translated, in addition to the extant fragmentary Greek kephalaia, and supplemented with cross-references to other ancient literature.
Back to Srinagar, only for a Brief While
Authors: Quraishi Humra 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
He wishes to get back to his Valley. But before that he wants to visit Shaaz’s family. He is advised not to visit them, as that family was facing political pressure for ‘housing’ a Kashmiri Muslim boy without prior police permission. Gull Mohammad is taken back to Srinagar. Sees the changes—His brother and father prematurely aged. His mother dead. As he visits his mother Posh’s grave, he sees more graves. Some freshly dug. His school friends and neighbours were no longer around. As the houseboat owner, Ghulam Meer, said, ‘Sorrow consumed them . . . At least the Pandits found a place to stay in Dilli or Mumbai but Kashmiri Musalmaans hounded there also’. Gull Mohammad’s father pleads that he completes his studies in some other city so that he could take up a job to look after him and his brother.
Plutonic Nature of a Transcrustal Magmatic System: Evidence from Ultrahigh Resolution Sr-Disequilibria in Plagioclase Microantecrysts from the Southern Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand
Authors: Coulthard Jr Daniel A , Brahm Raimundo , Lormand Charline , Zellmer Georg F , Sakamoto Naoya , Iizuka Yoshiyuki , Yurimoto Hisayoshi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The residence timescales of antecrystic minerals contribute a key piece of information regarding the petrologic evolution of transcrustal magmatic systems and may be inferred using a combination of observations derived from microanalytical chemistry and diffusion modelling. Here, we present state-of-the-art stacked CMOS-type active pixel sensor (SCAPS) isotopographic images of tephra-hosted plagioclase microantecrysts from Tongariro Volcanic Centre in the southern Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand. These crystals exhibit high-frequency Sr and anorthite zonation at sub-micron spatial resolution. We also find that all crystals display high-frequency intracrystalline Sr chemical potential variations, indicating that they have not resided at magmatic temperature for diffusive relaxation to advance significantly. To quantify crystal residence times at the well-constrained magmatic temperatures of these tephras, we first forward-modeled intracrystalline Sr diffusion over time using numerical methods. Results were then analyzed using novel spatial Fourier-transform techniques developed to understand the systematics the diffusive decay of Sr disequilibria in the spatial frequency domain. This ultimately permitted the estimation of Sr concentration profiles at crystal formation, prior to uptake into the carrier melt at the onset of eruption. Our data imply residence times of hours to days for the studied microantecrysts. This is inconsistent with long antecryst residence times in magmatic mushes at elevated temperatures, pointing instead to a cool plutonic nature of the magmatic plumbing system beneath the southern Taupo Volcanic Zone.
Stem-cell-expressed DEVIL-like small peptides maintain root growth under abiotic stress via abscisic acid signaling
Authors: Yang Liyun , Hu Xiaochen , Ren Mengfei , Ma Fei , Fu Jing , Cui Hongchang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Stem cells are essential to plant growth and development. Through data mining, we identified five DEVIL-like (DVL) small peptide genes that are preferentially expressed in the quiescent center of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root but whose functions are unknown. When overexpressed, these genes caused a dramatic decrease in root length and pleiotropic phenotypes in the shoot. No root-growth defect was observed in the single-gene mutants, but the quintuple mutant exhibited slightly longer roots than the wild type (WT). Through transcriptome analysis with DVL20-overexpressing plants, we found that many genes involved in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling were regulated by these peptides. Consistent with this finding, we demonstrated that, relative to the WT, DVL20-overexpressing plants were more tolerant whereas the quintuple mutant was more sensitive to ABA. Using RT-qPCR, we showed that ABA signaling-associated genes were affected in an opposite manner when the plants were grown in normal or ABA-containing medium. Strikingly, ectopic expression of ABA signaling genes such as PYRABACTIN RESISTANCE 1-LIKE (PYL) 4, 5, or 6 or suppression of HIGHLY ABA-INDUCED 2 (HAI2) and MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE KINASE 18 (MAPKKK18) not only largely rescued the root growth defects in DVL20-overexpressing plants in normal growth condition but also conferred tolerance to ABA. Based on these results, we propose that DVL1, 2, 5, 8 and 20 function redundantly in root stem-cell maintenance under abiotic stress, and this role is achieved via ABA signaling.
Alienation, Engagement, and Welfare
Authors: Fanciullo James 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The alienation constraint on theories of well-being has been influentially expressed thus: ‘what is intrinsically valuable for a person must have a connection with what he would find in some degree compelling or attractive …. It would be an intolerably alienated conception of someone's good to imagine that it might fail in any such way to engage him’. Many agree this claim expresses something true, but there is little consensus on how exactly the constraint is to be understood. Here, I clarify the sense in which the quote offers a basic constraint on theories of well-being—a constraint that should be adopted by (e.g.) hedonists, desire satisfactionists, and objective list theorists alike. This constraint focuses on affective engagement, or positive affective stances in connection with a proposed good. I show that the constraint explains a near-universal intuition, and rules out a number of well-known theories of well-being.
Folate regulation of planar cell polarity pathway and F‐actin through folate receptor alpha
Authors: Han Xiao , Cao Xuanye , Cabrera Robert M. , Ramirez Paula Andrea Pimienta , Lin Ying Linda , Wlodarczyk Bogdan J. , Zhang Cuilian , Finnell Richard H. , Lei Yunping 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFolate deficiency contribute to neural tube defects (NTDs) which could be rescued by folate supplementation. However, the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. Besides, there is considerable controversy concerning the forms of folate used for supplementation. To address this controversy, we prepared culture medium with different forms of folate, folic acid (FA), and 5‐methyltetrahydrofolate (5mTHF), at concentrations of 5 μM, 500 nM, 50 nM, and folate free, respectively. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were treated with different folates continuously for three passages, and cell proliferation and F‐actin were monitored. We determined that compared to 5mTHF, FA showed stronger effects on promoting cell proliferation and F‐actin formation. We also found that FOLR1 protein level was positively regulated by folate concentration and the non‐canonical Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway signaling was significantly enriched among different folate conditions in RNA‐sequencing analyses. We demonstrated for the first time that FOLR1 could promote the transcription of Vangl2, one of PCP core genes. The transcription of Vangl2 was down‐regulated under folate‐deficient condition, which resulted in a decrease in PCP activity and F‐actin formation. In summary, we identified a distinct advantage of FA in cell proliferation and F‐actin formation over 5mTHF, as well as demonstrating that FOLR1 could promote transcription of Vangl2 and provide a new mechanism by which folate deficiency can contribute to the etiology of NTDs.
ITIH5 inhibits proliferation, adipogenic differentiation, and secretion of inflammatory cytokines of human adipose stem cells—A new key in treating obesity?
Authors: Ruhl Tim , Sessler Thomas M. , Keimes Jana M. , Beier Justus P. , Villwock Sophia , Rose Michael , Dahl Edgar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInter‐α‐trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 5 (ITIH5) is widely expressed in the human body, and it is detected to be particularly abundant in adipose tissue. ITIH5 expression is increased in people with obesity compared to lean persons and is decreased by diet‐induced weight loss. This suggests that ITIH5 may be involved in the development of adiposity and clinical metabolic variables, although its exact function remains unknown. We measured the protein concentration of ITIH5 in adipose samples from patients undergoing abdominoplasty and tested for correlation with the subjects' BMI as well as inflammatory mediators. We stimulated human adipose stem cells (ASCs) with recombinant (r)ITIH5 protein and tested for an effect on proliferation, differentiation, and immunosuppressive properties when the cells were exposed to an artificial inflammatory environment. We found positive correlations between ITIH5 levels and the BMI (p < .001) as well as concentrations of inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐6, and MCP‐1) in adipose tissue (p < .01). Application of the rITIH5 protein inhibited both proliferation (p < .001) and differentiation of ASCs. Especially, the development of mature adipocytes was reduced by over 50%. Moreover, rITIH5 decreased the release of IL‐6 and MCP‐1 when the cells were exposed to TNF‐α and IL‐1β (p < .001). Our data suggest that ITIH5 is an adipokine that is increasingly released during human adipose tissue development, acting as a regulator that inhibits proliferation and adipogenic differentiation of ASCs. ITIH5 thus presents itself as a positive regulator of adipose tissue homeostasis, possibly protecting against both hyperplasia and hypertrophy of adipose tissue and the associated chronic inflammation.
IGF‐I protects porcine granulosa cells from hypoxia‐induced apoptosis by promoting homologous recombination repair through the PI3K/AKT/E2F8/RAD51 pathway
Authors: Liu Zhaojun , Feng Chungang , Li Chengyu , He Tong , Wu Gang , Fu Chen , Li Hongmin , Shen Ming , Liu Honglin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSevere hypoxia induced by vascular compromise (ovarian torsion, surgery), obliteration of vessels (aging, chemotherapy, particularly platinum drugs) can cause massive follicle atresia. On the other hand, hypoxia increases the occurrence of DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs) and triggers cellular damage repair mechanisms; however, if the damage is not promptly repaired, it can also induce the apoptosis program. Insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) is a polypeptide hormone that plays essential roles in stimulating mammalian follicular development. Here, we report a novel role for IGF‐I in protecting hypoxic GCs from apoptosis by promoting DNA repair through the homologous recombination (HR) process. Indeed, the hypoxic environment within follicles significantly inhibited the efficiency of HR‐directed DNA repair. The presence of IGF‐I‐induced HR pathway to alleviate hypoxia‐induced DNA damage and apoptosis primarily through upregulating the expression of the RAD51 recombinase. Importantly, we identified a new transcriptional regulator of RAD51, namely E2F8, which mediates the protective effects of IGF‐I on hypoxic GCs by facilitating the transcriptional activation of RAD51. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the PI3K/AKT pathway is crucial for IGF‐I‐induced E2F8 expression, resulting in increased RAD51 expression and enhanced HR activity, which mitigates hypoxia‐induced DNA damage and thereby protects against GCs apoptosis. Together, these findings define a novel mechanism of IGF‐I‐mediated GCs protection by activating the HR repair through the PI3K/AKT/E2F8/RAD51 pathway under hypoxia.
A Feasibility Study to Test the NICU Paternal Needs Inventory
Authors: Merritt Linda , Verklan M. Terese 
Published: December 2023

Background:
There has been little research exploring paternal needs while experiencing a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay. Some tools exist to measure paternal needs, but do not incorporate items to capture important information about how fathers cope with stress differently, and may have different needs. Therefore, an instrument is needed to measure and prioritize what needs are important to fathers to help facilitate the development of nursing interventions to help fathers cope with the NICU environment.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to conduct a feasibility study before large-scale pilot testing the instrument, the NICU Paternal Needs Inventory (NPNI), so we could then determine what are the physical, emotional, and psychological needs of fathers.

Methods:
A nonexperimental, quantitative, and descriptive design was used to address the study's aims. Fathers were recruited from a level IV NICU and asked to complete an online survey (consisting of a demographic survey and the NPNI).

Results:
Needs rated 100% were knowing infant's progress, directions on caring for infant, flexible visitation, and assurance receiving the best care. The remainder showed a wide range of responses suggesting that needs of fathers are individual and varied.

Implications for Practice and Research:
Use of the NPNI to evaluate a father's unique and individual needs would allow for the nurse to develop father-specific, individualized interventions. Findings support that the NPNI is feasible to accomplish measuring fathers' needs, but a larger study is needed to test the reliability and validity of this tool.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Patient Outcomes Following Restrictive Blood Transfusion Protocol
Authors: Braaten Jacob A. , Dillon Bridget S. , Wothe Jillian K. , Olson Conner P. , Lusczek Elizabeth R. , Sather Kristiana J. , Beilman Gregory J. , Brunsvold Melissa E. 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVES:
To investigate the effect of a restrictive blood product utilization protocol on blood product utilization and clinical outcomes.

DESIGN:
We retrospectively reviewed all adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients from January 2019 to December 2021. The restrictive protocol, implemented in March 2020, was defined as transfusion of blood products for a hemoglobin level less than 7, platelet levels less than 50, and/or fibrinogen levels less than 100. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the mode of ECMO received: venoarterial ECMO, venovenous ECMO, and ECMO support following extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR).

SETTING:
M Health Fairview University of Minnesota Medical Center.

PATIENTS:
The study included 507 patients.

INTERVENTIONS:
One hundred fifty-one patients (29.9%) were placed on venoarterial ECMO, 70 (13.8%) on venovenous ECMO, and 286 (56.4%) on ECPR.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
For patients on venoarterial ECMO (48 [71.6%] vs. 52 [63.4%]; p = 0.374), venovenous ECMO (23 [63.9%] vs. 15 [45.5%]; p = 0.195), and ECPR (54 [50.0%] vs. 69 [39.2%]; p = 0.097), there were no significant differences in survival on ECMO. The last recorded mean hemoglobin value was also significantly decreased for venoarterial ECMO (8.10 [7.80–8.50] vs. 7.50 [7.15–8.25]; p = 0.001) and ECPR (8.20 [7.90–8.60] vs. 7.55 [7.10–8.88]; p < 0.001) following implementation of the restrictive transfusion protocol.

CONCLUSIONS:
These data suggest that a restrictive transfusion protocol is noninferior to ECMO patient survival. Additional, prospective randomized trials are required for further investigation of the safety of a restrictive transfusion protocol.
Intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile ducts—what can be seen with ultrasound?
Authors: Möller Kathleen , Braden Barbara , Jenssen Christian , Ignee André , Cui Xin Wu , Yamashita Yasunobu , Kitano Masayuki , Faiss Siegbert , Sun Siyu , Dietrich Christoph F. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile ducts is a rare tumor. Characteristic features include bile duct dilatation, cystic lesions with communication to the bile ducts, and intraluminal solid nodules arising from the bile duct wall. As in pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia, intestinal, pancreaticobiliary, gastric, and oncocytic types are described. Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile ducts has a high potential for malignancy, and patients should be surgically resected when possible. In this review, the complex imaging diagnosis is presented. The main focus is on contrast-enhanced ultrasound, an established method for many other indications whose potential on the biliary system should be better exploited. In the present article, typical contrast-enhanced ultrasound findings in intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile ducts are demonstrated.
Deconstructing the Excellent Plastic Surgeon: A Survey of Key Attributes
Authors: Sendek Gabriela , Blum Jessica D. , Reghunathan Meera , Chen Shirley , Luong Thanh T. , Gosman Amanda A. , Butler Paris D. 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Most plastic surgeons practice in nonacademic settings, leaving a small subset of academic plastic surgeons with the responsibility of selecting the future generation of plastic surgeons without representation from a majority of our field. This raises questions as to whether the academic attributes valued during residency selection are valid predictive markers of who will become an excellent plastic surgeon. A survey was conducted of both academic and nonacademic plastic surgeons, as well as trainees, to determine what traits are considered most essential to being an excellent plastic surgeon.

Methods:
An electronic survey was distributed before the American Council of Academic Plastic Surgeons 10th Annual Winter Meeting. Demographics and information regarding the respondents’ training and academic status were collected. Respondents were asked to select five traits that they considered most important to be an excellent plastic surgeon from a list of 20 preselected traits. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to perform subgroup analyses.

Results:
A total of 187 responses were received from meeting attendees, representing an 89.0% response rate. Overall, the five values endorsed as most important for a plastic surgeon were being technically sound (53%), collaborative (48%), ethical (44%), compassionate (37%), and emotionally intelligent (33%). However, the emphasis placed on these different attributes differed significantly amongst different demographic groups.

Conclusion:
It is important that we use methods such as holistic review when evaluating plastic surgery applicants to ensure our selection process is congruent with the traits we value.
A SWOT Analysis of Hot Topics in Plastic Surgery Resident Education: Consensus From the ACAPS 10th Annual Winter Meeting
Authors: Reghunathan Meera , Camacho Justin M. , Blum Jessica , Sendek Gabriela , Luong Thanh T. , Chen Shirley , Bradford Perry , Llaneras Jason , Butler Paris D. , Gosman Amanda A. 
Published: December 2023

Background:
With the aim of facilitating a critical self-reflection on how to align plastic surgery education with making excellent plastic surgeons, a rotating small-group session followed by live interactive audience polling was used to perform a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis at the 10th Annual American Council of Academic Plastic Surgeons Winter Meeting.

Methods:
The final day of the conference included a 3-hour session of rotating small groups followed by live interactive audience polls discussing the following six relevant educational topics: the Plastic Surgery Common Application and resident selection, aesthetic surgery education, leadership development and business education, embedded fellowships and focused training, mentorship, and faculty retention.

Results:
A total of 60 individuals participated in the activity. A SWOT analysis was successfully performed for each educational topic, and a minimum of four opportunities were identified per topic to help guide future endeavors. Examples of opportunities include releasing recommendations for the implementation of holistic review; developing formal guidelines for aesthetic surgery education in residency via collaboration between ACAPS, American Society of Plastic Surgeons, and The Aesthetic Society; creating extended focused elective rotations; integrating business education into formal curricula for all training levels; enforcing transparency regarding position expectations and offerings including salary, call schedule, and current challenges; and more.

Conclusion:
The results of this study will help guide future initiatives by the ACAPS to improve resident education and academic retention.