bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Droplet‐Based Glycan and RNA Sequencing for Profiling the Distinct Cellular Glyco‐States in Single Cells
Authors: Keisham Sunanda , Saito Sayoko , Kowashi Satori , Tateno Hiroaki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPlate‐based single‐cell glycan and RNA sequencing (scGR‐seq) is previously developed to realize the integrated analysis of glycome and transcriptome in single cells. However, the sample size is limited to only a few hundred cells. Here, a droplet‐based scGR‐seq is developed to address this issue by adopting a 10x Chromium platform to simultaneously profile ten thousand cells' glycome and transcriptome in single cells. To establish droplet‐based scGR‐seq, a comparative analysis of two distinct cell lines is performed: pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells and normal pancreatic duct cells. Droplet‐based scGR‐seq revealed distinct glycan profiles between the two cell lines that showed a strong correlation with the results obtained by flow cytometry. Next, droplet‐based scGR‐seq is applied to a more complex sample: peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) containing various immune cells. The method can systematically map the glycan signature for each immune cell in PBMC as well as glycan alterations by cell lineage. Prediction of the association between the glycan expression and the gene expression using regression analysis ultimately leads to the identification of a glycan epitope that impacts cellular functions. In conclusion, the droplet‐based scGR‐seq realizes the high‐throughput profiling of the distinct cellular glyco‐states in single cells.
On the Elusive Crystallography of Lithium‐Rich Layered Oxides: Novel Structural Models
Authors: Celeste Arcangelo , Tuccillo Mariarosaria , Menon Ashok S. , Brant William , Brandell Daniel , Pellegrini Vittorio , Brescia Rosaria , Silvestri Laura , Brutti Sergio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLithium‐rich layered oxides (LRLOs) are one of the most attractive families among future positive electrode materials for the so‐called fourth generation of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Their electrochemical performance is enabled by the unique ambiguous crystal structure that is still not well understood despite decades of research. In the literature, a clear structural model able to describe their crystallographic features is missing thereby hindering a clear rationalization of the interplay between synthesis, structure, and functional properties. Here, the structure of a specific LRLO, Li1.28Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.02Al0.03O2, using synchrotron X‐ray diffraction (XRD), neutron diffraction (ND), and High‐Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR‐TEM), is analyzed. A systematic approach is applied to model diffraction patterns of Li1.28Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.02Al0.03O2 by using the Rietveld refinement method considering the Rm and C2/m unit cells as the prototype structures. Here, the relative ability of a variety of structural models is compared to match the experimental diffraction pattern evaluating the impact of defects and supercells derived from the Rm structure. To summarize, two possible models able to reconcile the description of experimental data are proposed here for the structure of Li1.28Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.02Al0.03O2: namely a monoclinic C2/m defective lattice (prototype Li2MnO3) and a monoclinic defective supercell derived from the rhombohedral Rm unit cell (prototype LiCoO2).
IRF4 induces M1 macrophage polarization and aggravates ulcerative colitis progression by the Bcl6‐dependent STAT3 pathway
Authors: Wang Jiwei , Wu Zhao , Huang Yulin , Jin Lin , Xu Jinyi , Yao Zhiyi , Ouyang Xi , Zhou Zhiyong , Mao Shengxun , Cao Jiaqing , Lai Bin , Shen Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUlcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic chronic intestinal inflammation. An increasing body of evidence shows that macrophages play an important role in the pathogenesis of UC. Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) is crucial for the development of autoimmune diseases via regulating immune cells. This research was designed to explore the function of IRF4 in UC and its association with macrophage polarization. The in vitro model of UC was established by stimulating colonic epithelial cells with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α). A mouse model of UC was constructed by injecting C57BL/6 mice with dextran sulfate sodium salt. Flow cytometry was used to assess percentage of CD11b+CD86+ and CD11b+CD206+ cells in bone marrow macrophages. Occult blood tests were used to detect hematochezia. Hematoxylin and eosin staining assay was used to assess colon pathological changes. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect concentrations of inflammatory cytokines. The interaction of IRF4 and B‐cell lymphoma 6 (Bcl6) was confirmed using GST pull‐down and coimmunoprecipitation assays. Our findings revealed that IRF4 promoted cell apoptosis and stimulated M1 macrophage polarization in vitro. Furthermore, IRF4 aggravated symptoms of the mouse model of UC and aggravated M1 macrophage polarization in vivo. IRF4 negatively regulated Bcl6 expression. Downregulation of Bcl6 promoted apoptosis and M1 macrophage polarization in the presence of IRF4 in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, Bcl6 positively mediated the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. In conclusion, IRF4 aggravated UC progression through promoting M1 macrophage polarization via Bcl6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. These findings suggested that IRF4 might be a good target to competitively inhibit or to treat with UC.
Sex differences in outcomes after revascularization for acute lower limb ischemia: Propensity score adjusted analysis
Authors: Karonen Emil , Eek Frida , Butt Talha , Acosta Stefan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrevious reports have suggested higher rates of mortality and amputation for female patients in acute lower limb ischemia (ALI). The aims of the present study were to investigate if there is a difference in mortality, amputation, and fasciotomy between the sexes.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients undergoing index revascularization for ALI between 2001 and 2018 was conducted. A propensity score was created through a logistic regression with female/male sex as an outcome. Cox regression analyses for 90‐day and 1‐year mortality, combining major amputation/mortality, and logistic regression for major bleeding and fasciotomy, were performed. All analyses were performed with and without adjusting for propensity score.ResultsA total of 709 patients were included in the study of which 45.9% were women. Mean age was 72.1 years. Females were older and had higher rates of atrial fibrillation, embolic disease, and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, while men more often had anemia and chronic peripheral arterial disease. Mortality at 1 year was 21.2% for women and 14.7% for men. The adjusted hazard ratio for 1‐year mortality was 0.99 (95% CI 0.67–1.46). Fasciotomy was performed in 7.1% of female and 12.8% of male patients; the adjusted odds ratio was 0.52 (95% CI 0.29–0.91).ConclusionSex was not found to be an independent risk factor for mortality or combined major amputation/mortality after revascularization for acute lower limb ischemia, whereas women had lower odds of undergoing fasciotomy. Whether women are underdiagnosed or do not develop acute compartment syndrome in the lower leg as often as men should be evaluated prospectively.
Sustainability Complex Network
Authors: Fantoni S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe introduce the concept of quantitative evaluation of a complex network made up of researchers operating in different disciplines and different sectors belonging to life and hard sciences or social science and humanities or industrial and entrepreneurial activities, which, in addition to their disciplinary research, interact within each other in interdisciplinary scientific collaborations on sustainability projects. The complex network that we consider in this paper is of the small-world type, which has been already used in the study of several other biological, technological and social complex systems. This kind of network has a flexible structure which is in between those of the completely regular and the completely random networks. Similarly, the increase of interdisciplinary collaborations amongst scholars having a large and recognized experience in a given disciplinary sector may be favoured by random links arising in facing up specific issues of sustainability. Numerical results are given for a few unweighted networks having up to ten research groups with up to hundred researchers each.
The ‘Position’ of Social Sciences in Sustainability Issue. The Emblematic Case of Energy Transition
Authors: Osti Giorgio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe paper aims to illustrate the different roles that social sciences can play in the study of the energy transition, intended as an emblematic case of human systems sustainability. To this end, a scheme is developed that frames the relative position of the social sciences with respect to other disciplines (metaframe). Secondly, socialization is identified as a charismatic category capable of providing an original, typically sociological contribution to the hesitant energy and environmental transition (masterframe).
Sustainability, Agricultural Production, Science and Technology
Authors: Morgante Michele 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn editorial published in August 2021 in Nature Ecology and Evolution entitled “Agriculture isn’t all rocket science” stated that agriculture and food security do not need high-tech solutions and that low-tech solutions may be just as important as they have been for the COVID-19 pandemic. Perhaps the authors have forgotten that if the effects of the pandemic are no longer as devastating as they were in the beginning, the main merit is of a high-tech solution, i.e. mRNA vaccines.
Quantitative Human Ecology: Data, Models and Challenges for Sustainability
Authors: Omodei E. , Grilli J. , Marsili M. , Sanguinetti G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn July 2022 we entered the international year of basic science for sustainable development (IYBSSD). There are two ways in which basic sciences can play a crucial role in attaining a more sustainable planet. The first has to do with applying the wealth of knowledge we have accumulated in basic sciences so far, to issues relevant to sustainability. The second focuses on addressing what we still do not understand about sustainability. The first is the most direct use of basic sciences for sustainability and it is currently carried out within well defined disciplinary boundaries (e.g., physics and climate change, material science for energy efficiency, etc).
Patient Perspectives on Data Sharing
Authors: Druedahl Louise C. , Kälvemark Sporrong Sofia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractData sharing is key for artificial intelligence and for future healthcare systems, but the perspectives of patients are seldom included in the larger debates of how, when, and what data to share. This chapter provides an overview of research on patient perspectives on data sharing and associated aspects, including patients’ motivations, concerns, and views on privacy and conditions for sharing. Moreover, these perspectives are put into the evolving context of informed consent and today’s European context of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)and Data Governance Act (DGA). Overall, there seems to be a discrepancy between the patients’ perspective on data sharing and the reality in which their data are to be shared. The current patient views are researched within relatively ‘local’ contexts, where the patient would consent to collecting data for primary use and on patients’ preferences regarding consent and what they see as barriers and motivators for data sharing. However, the reality of data use is moving towards re-use of data for secondary purposes and a context of more altruistic consent such as the DGA. Questions remain regarding how patients perceive sharing and the role of their data in the larger governance of data; seemingly, patient views are lost in the wider debate of innovation and jurisdictional competitiveness. Ensuring that patients’ voices are heard is essential for public acceptance of data sharing, and thus for inclusiveness and equity of results and innovations originating from patients’ shared data.
Diabetes and Cultural Consensus
Authors: Al-Kuwari Shaikha H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis chapter will show the results of the cultural consensus analysis and discuss the complete Arab American cultural beliefs model of diabetes. In addition, the chapter will discuss the variation in the model “beyond agreement,” based on sex, generation (first or second), education, age, country of origin, and the language of the survey. The results in this chapter show that Arab American Muslims in Dearborn, MI, share an overall cultural model of diabetes that does not contradict the medical knowledge.
A geometric approach to the Yang-Mills mass gap
Authors: Mondal Puskar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
I provide a new idea based on geometric analysis to obtain a positive mass gap in pure non-abelian renormalizable Yang-Mills theory. The orbit space, that is the space of connections of Yang-Mills theory modulo gauge transformations, is equipped with a Riemannian metric that naturally arises from the kinetic part of reduced classical action and admits a positive definite sectional curvature. The corresponding regularized Bakry-Émery Ricci curvature (if positive) is shown to produce a mass gap for 2+1 and 3+1 dimensional Yang-Mills theory assuming the existence of a quantized Yang-Mills theory on (ℝ1+2, η) and (ℝ1+3, η), respectively. My result on the gap calculation, described at least as a heuristic one, applies to non-abelian Yang-Mills theory with any compact semi-simple Lie group in the aforementioned dimensions. In 2+1 dimensions, the square of the Yang-Mils coupling constant $$ {g}_{YM}^2 $$

g
YM
2

has the dimension of mass, and therefore the spectral gap of the Hamiltonian is essentially proportional to $$ {g}_{YM}^2 $$

g
YM
2

with proportionality constant being purely numerical as expected. Due to the dimensional restriction on 3+1 dimensional Yang-Mills theory, it seems one ought to introduce a length scale to obtain an energy scale. It turns out that a certain ‘trace’ operation on the infinite-dimensional geometry naturally introduces a length scale that has to be fixed by measuring the energy of the lowest glu-ball state. However, this remains to be understood in a rigorous way.
Quality requirements for MRI simulation in cranial stereotactic radiotherapy: a guideline from the German Taskforce “Imaging in Stereotactic Radiotherapy”
Authors: Putz Florian , Bock Michael , Schmitt Daniela , Bert Christoph , Blanck Oliver , Ruge Maximilian I. , Hattingen Elke , Karger Christian P. , Fietkau Rainer , Grigo Johanna , Schmidt Manuel A. , Bäuerle Tobias , Wittig Andrea 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAccurate Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) simulation is fundamental for high-precision stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy, collectively referred to as stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT), to deliver doses of high biological effectiveness to well-defined cranial targets. Multiple MRI hardware related factors as well as scanner configuration and sequence protocol parameters can affect the imaging accuracy and need to be optimized for the special purpose of radiotherapy treatment planning. MRI simulation for SRT is possible for different organizational environments including patient referral for imaging as well as dedicated MRI simulation in the radiotherapy department but require radiotherapy-optimized MRI protocols and defined quality standards to ensure geometrically accurate images that form an impeccable foundation for treatment planning. For this guideline, an interdisciplinary panel including experts from the working group for radiosurgery and stereotactic radiotherapy of the German Society for Radiation Oncology (DEGRO), the working group for physics and technology in stereotactic radiotherapy of the German Society for Medical Physics (DGMP), the German Society of Neurosurgery (DGNC), the German Society of Neuroradiology (DGNR) and the German Chapter of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (DS-ISMRM) have defined minimum MRI quality requirements as well as advanced MRI simulation options for cranial SRT.
Multisensory processing and proprioceptive plasticity during resizing illusions
Authors: Hansford Kirralise J. , Baker Daniel H. , McKenzie Kirsten J. , Preston Catherine E. J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBodily resizing illusions typically use visual and/or tactile inputs to produce a vivid experience of one’s body changing size. Naturalistic auditory input (an input that reflects the natural sounds of a stimulus) has been used to increase illusory experience during the rubber hand illusion, whilst non-naturalistic auditory input can influence estimations of finger length. We aimed to use a non-naturalistic auditory input during a hand-based resizing illusion using augmented reality, to assess whether the addition of an auditory input would increase both subjective illusion strength and measures of performance-based tasks. Forty-four participants completed the following three conditions: no finger stretching, finger stretching without tactile feedback and finger stretching with tactile feedback. Half of the participants had an auditory input throughout all the conditions, whilst the other half did not. After each condition, the participants were given one of the following three performance tasks: stimulated (right) hand dot touch task, non-stimulated (left) hand dot touch task, and a ruler judgement task. Dot tasks involved participants reaching for the location of a virtual dot, whereas the ruler task concerned estimates of the participant’s own finger on a ruler whilst the hand was hidden from view. After all trials, the participants completed a questionnaire capturing subjective illusion strength. The addition of auditory input increased subjective illusion strength for manipulations without tactile feedback but not those with tactile feedback. No facilitatory effects of audio were found for any performance task. We conclude that adding auditory input to illusory finger stretching increased subjective illusory experience in the absence of tactile feedback but did not affect performance-based measures.
Das Potenzial der Achtsamkeit – trotz Risiken und Nebenwirkungen
Authors: Schmiedeler Sandra 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungAchtsamkeit hat sich zu einem zentralen Konzept in der Psychotherapie entwickelt und verspricht sowohl für Therapeut(inn)en als auch für Klient(inn)en ein erhebliches Potenzial. Dieser Artikel bietet eine Zusammenfassung der Vorteile und empirischen Wirksamkeitsnachweise von Achtsamkeit in der Psychotherapie und diskutiert gleichzeitig mögliche Schattenseiten und Kritikpunkte. Seit der Einführung der Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) von Kabat-Zinn vor vier Jahrzehnten hat eine Fülle von Forschungsarbeiten, insbesondere in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten, die positive Wirkung von Achtsamkeitspraktiken auf das psychologische und physiologische Wohlbefinden gezeigt. Gleichzeitig gibt es zunehmend Forschung, die sich mit den negativen Auswirkungen befasst, wobei Ergebnisse zum Beispiel darauf hindeuten, dass Achtsamkeit zu mehr Selbstbezogenheit führen kann. Darüber hinaus bietet der Artikel einen laufenden Diskurs über die Grenzen von Achtsamkeitsanwendungen in der Therapie und warnt vor einer Fehlinterpretation von Achtsamkeit als statische Denkweise, die für Veränderung keinen Raum lässt. Der Artikel postuliert, dass es für eine effektive Integration von Achtsamkeit in der Psychotherapie unerlässlich ist, dass Therapeut(inn)en, die achtsamkeitsbasierte Interventionen anbieten, selbst umfassend mit Achtsamkeit vertraut sind.
Role of sintering temperature in modulating the charge transport of BiCuSeO thermoelectric system: correlations to the microstructure
Authors: Madhukar N. P. , Gurukrishna K. , Bhat Bhoomika R. , Shanubhogue U. Deepika , Mangavati Suraj , Rao Ashok , Chattopadhyay Saikat 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe influence of sintering temperature on the thermoelectric (TE) transport of BiCuSeO is reported in the present work, with an aim to optimize the processing conditions for higher TE transport. BiCuSeO samples were synthesized at four different sintering temperatures, viz., 673 K, 773 K, 873 K, and 973 K. A non-degenerate type of conductivity is observed in all the samples at high temperatures, witnessing the thermal activation of the carriers. The Fermi level was positioned below the valence band maximum, thereby exhibiting a p-type degenerate transport in the entire range of temperature. It was observed that the variations of weighted mobility and power factor were found to have identical trends. The highest power factor was noticed at 554 K with a value of 129 μWm−1 K−2 for the sample sintered at 673 K.
Simulation of MJO with improved deep convection scheme in different resolutions of BCC-CSM2 models
Authors: Zheng Mengzhe , Wu Tongwen , Xin Xiaoge , Liu Xiangwen , Lu Yixiong , Jie Weihua , Xie Chengjun , Zhou Yumeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the impacts of modifying the deep convection scheme on the ability to simulate the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) in the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model version 2 with a medium resolution (BCC-CSM2-T159) and a high resolution (BCC-CSM2-T382). On the basis of the original deep convection scheme, a modified scheme is suggested, which involves the transport processes of deep convective cloud water. The liquid cloud water that is detrained is transferred horizontally to its neighboring grids, and a portion of the cloud water that is horizontally transported is allowed to be transported downward into the lower troposphere. Both BCC-CSM2-T159 and BCC-CSM2-T382 with the modified deep convection scheme perform better than that used the original deep convection scheme in reproducing the major features of the MJO, such as its spectrum, period, intensity, eastward propagation and life cycle. Further analysis shows that those pronounced improvements in the MJO features in both BCC-CSM2-T159 and BCC-CSM2-T382 with the modified scheme are caused by transport processes of deep convective cloud water. The modified deep convection scheme enhances moisture and energy exchange from the lower troposphere to the upper troposphere around convective cloud, and promotes the convergence of moisture in the lower troposphere to the east of the MJO convection center, and then induces eastward propagation of the MJO. The comparisons between the coupled experiments and their corresponding experiments following Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) simulations indicated that atmosphere–ocean interactions are also important to improve MJO simulations in the models.