bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of a Simple Analytical Workflow to Characterize the Phenolic Fraction from Grape Pomace
Authors: Mangiapelo Luciano , Blasi Francesca , Ianni Federica , Suvieri Chiara , Sardella Roccaldo , Volpi Claudia , Cossignani Lina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe recovery of polyphenols from grape pomace (GP) supports the promotion of sustainable bioeconomy. Accordingly, the development of pre-treatment and extraction techniques using low-solvent amounts and energy-efficient processes is highly desirable. In this work, a comprehensive strategy to maximize phenol extraction from two Umbrian red wine cultivars, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot, was proposed. Focus was paid to sample pre- (fresh, air-, oven- and freeze-dried pomace) and post-extraction (chemical- and enzymatic-hydrolysis) treatments. An experimental design was applied to optimize phenol recovery by ultrasound-assisted extraction: the variables water content in ethanol (20–80% v/v) and time (10–30 min) highlighted a critical influence on the total phenol content (TPC) selected as the response. β-glucuronidase hydrolysis provided the highest TPC and in vitro total antioxidant capacity also improving phenol identification and quantification via HPLC–DAD (particularly evident for freeze-dried Merlot and Cabernet GP, which gave a total phenolic content measured by HPLC equal to 1904.08 mg/g and 2064.64 mg/g, respectively). LC-HRMS/MS analysis allowed identity confirmation of the major phenols, and cytotoxicity assay highlighted the safety of the selected β-glucuronidase extracts towards Caco2 cell line. Ultimately, in the present work, we have addressed the importance of the recovery of bioactive compounds from grape pomace by proposing a comprehensive analytical strategy in which different methodological alternatives have been evaluated to preserve these compounds, in a frame of sustainability on a larger industrial scale.
Improving industrial wastewater irrigation: the effects on Indian baby pumpkin (Praecitrullus fistulous) cultivation
Authors: Jamil Waqas , Chandio Nousheen , Rafiq Muhammad , Taha Mohammad , Solangi Sorath , Yaqoob Muhammad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIncreasing insufficiency of freshwater resources is driving many countries in arid and semi-arid regions to use low-quality water for agriculture and related activities. This wastewater may have some useful as well adverse effects on various parameters. In this regard, we design an experimental setup to investigate the impact of irrigation with industrial wastewater on the Praecitrullus fistulosus (Indian baby pumpkin) plant. For this purpose, Praecitrullus fistulous was cultivated in soil irrigated with different concentrations (i.e. 25, 50, 75, 100%) of industrial wastewater, while control contain 0% of wastewater. Before the treatment, physicochemical parameters (pH, TDS, EC, etc.) of industrial wastewater were analysed. It was observed that lower concentration/s of wastewater positively affects various morphological (no. of leaves, fruits etc.) and biochemical (Total protein, Flavonoids, Sugar/s content etc.) attributes in treated plants, whereas elevated concentration may hurt these parameters.
Transnational Dialogues on Interdisciplinary Approaches for Advancing People-Centered Warning Systems
Authors: Marchezini Victor 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction and the World Meteorological Organization launched in 2022 the executive plan of the world program “Early Warning Systems for All” to be implemented from 2023 to 2027. This program champions an investment of USD 3.1 billion into the four pillars of warning systems and calls for multi-hazard and people-centered warning systems (PCWS). However, there is a scientific gap concerning interdisciplinary approaches to promoting them. Motivated by the call for action of “Early Warning Systems for All” and warning research gaps on the lack of interdisciplinarity, a workshop series “Interdisciplinary Approaches for Advancing People-Centered Warning Systems” was held in early 2023. This short article shares the preliminary findings and recommendations of this research, which involved a transnational virtual dialogue between one scientific organization in Brazil and one from the United States. The findings and recommendations discussed in three virtual sessions and one collective working paper were centered on three aspects: promoting interdisciplinary integration in research; the need to discuss the characteristics of a PCWS; and promoting problem- and solution-based programs with people to integrate them at all phases of the warning system.
Regularity theory for a new class of fractional parabolic stochastic evolution equations
Authors: Kirchner Kristin , Willems Joshua 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA new class of fractional-order parabolic stochastic evolution equations of the form $$(\partial _t + A)^\gamma X(t) = {\dot{W}}^Q(t)$$

(

∂
t

+
A
)

γ

X

(
t
)

=

W
˙

Q

(
t
)

, $$t\in [0,T]$$

t
∈
[
0
,
T
]

, $$\gamma \in (0,\infty )$$

γ
∈
(
0
,
∞
)

, is introduced, where $$-A$$

-
A

generates a $$C_0$$

C
0

-semigroup on a separable Hilbert space H and the spatiotemporal driving noise $${\dot{W}}^Q$$

W
˙

Q

is the formal time derivative of an H-valued cylindrical Q-Wiener process. Mild and weak solutions are defined; these concepts are shown to be equivalent and to lead to well-posed problems. Temporal and spatial regularity of the solution process X are investigated, the former being measured by mean-square or pathwise smoothness and the latter by using domains of fractional powers of A. In addition, the covariance of X and its long-time behavior are analyzed. These abstract results are applied to the cases when $$A:= L^\beta $$

A
:
=

L
β

and $$Q:={\widetilde{L}}^{-\alpha }$$

Q
:
=

L
~

-
α

are fractional powers of symmetric, strongly elliptic second-order differential operators defined on (i) bounded Euclidean domains or (ii) smooth, compact surfaces. In these cases, the Gaussian solution processes can be seen as generalizations of merely spatial (Whittle–)Matérn fields to space–time.
Beyond visual range maneuver intention recognition based on attention enhanced tuna swarm optimization parallel BiGRU
Authors: Lei Xie , Shilin Deng , Shangqin Tang , Changqiang Huang , Kangsheng Dong , Zhuoran Zhang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper researches the problem of Beyond Visual Range (BVR) air combat maneuver intention recognition. To achieve efficient and accurate intention recognition, an Attention enhanced Tuna Swarm Optimization-Parallel Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit network (A-TSO-PBiGRU) is proposed, which constructs a novel Parallel BiGRU (PBiGRU). Firstly, PBiGRU has a parallel network structure, whose proportion of forward and backward network can be adjusted by forward coefficient and backward coefficient. Secondly, to achieve object-oriented adjustment of forward and backward coefficients, the tuna swarm optimization algorithm is introduced and the negative log-likelihood estimation loss function is used as the objective function, it realizes the dynamic combination of sequence guidance and reverse correction. Finally, the attention mechanism is used to obtain more useful information to improve the recognition accuracy. Through offline recognition experiment, it is proved that A-TSO-PBiGRU can effectively improve the convergence speed and recognition accuracy compared with GRU-related networks. Compared with the other six comparison algorithms, maneuver intention recognition accuracy also has significant advantages. In the online recognition experiment, maneuver intention recognition accuracy of A-TSO-PBiGRU is 93.7%, it shows excellent maneuver intention recognition ability.
Open innovation in Italian high-end fashion: an analysis of network tie formation by new ventures
Authors: Butticè Vincenzo , Franzoni Chiara , Lorenzen Mark , Rossi-Lamastra Cristina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUsing a multiple case study of Italian high-end fashion, we analyze how new ventures pursue an open innovation by forming network ties to facilitate symbolic value propositions. We identify three strategies to form these ties: leverage of extant ties, Product exposure, and Entrepreneur exposure. Discussing the specificity of our empirical setting, we find that the identified strategies accommodate an industry context where market value is socially constructed and uncertainty is high. As a result, rather than being set by entrepreneurs, symbolic value propositions result from a mix of multiple diverse network ties. New high-end fashion ventures form these ties by applying strategies facilitating flexibility through open-ended search.
Charting the course of plant virology: innovations in diagnostics and beyond—reports from the DPG meeting
Authors: Krenz Björn , Niehl Annette , Büttner Carmen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlant viruses pose a significant threat to global agriculture, resulting in economic losses and threatening food security. High-throughput sequencing and molecular techniques are advancing our understanding of these viruses, allowing for their detection, characterization, and control. The 55th meeting of the DPG Working Group “Viruskrankheiten der Pflanzen” showcased these advancements, encouraging international collaboration and idea exchange to tackle plant virus challenges. The perspectives paper we present summarizes this conference’s findings, highlighting the potential of these technologies in revolutionizing plant virus research.
Multi-Soliton Solutions for the Nonlocal Kundu-Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with Step-Like Initial Data
Authors: Lei Ling , Tian Shou-Fu , Wu Yan-Qiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe investigate the multi-soliton solutions for the Cauchy problem of the nonlocal Kundu-nonlinear Schrödinger (NK-NLS) equation with step-like initial data. We first perform the spectral analysis on the Lax pair of the NK-NLS equation, and then establish the Riemann-Hilbert (RH) problem of the equation based on the analytic, symmetric and asymptotic properties of Jost solutions and spectral functions. Because of the influence of step-like initial value, we need to consider the singularity condition of the RH problem at the origin, and this singularity condition can be converted to a residue condition. Further, the multi-soliton solutions of the NK-NLS equation are obtained in terms of the corresponding RH problem.
Complaints about police misconduct have adverse effects for Black civilians
Authors: Kraft Patrick W. , Newman Benjamin J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractExisting literature examines the effectiveness of civilian oversight in reducing police misconduct. However, little-to-no quantitative research explores possible adverse consequences of this accountability mechanism. Utilizing time series analysis of administrative data on aggregate monthly civilian complaints and police behavior in the largest American city, this article offers evidence of racial inequality in police response to civilian complaints. For White civilians, complaint against the police abates subsequent police stops. For Black civilians, complaint is associated with subsequent intensification of police stops. This intensification only follows complaints against White officers, is conditional upon officer knowledge of the complaint, is confined to stops involving greater officer discretion to perform the stop, and is only observed in police precincts with large Black populations.
The June 2022 extreme warm event in central West Antarctica
Authors: Evangelista Heitor , Prado Luciana F. , Gorodetskaya Irina V. , Reis Passos Heber , Nadal Villela Franco , Sampaio Marcelo , Alves dos Santos Elaine , de Brito Carla M.C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Antarctic surface mass balance has been shown to be sensitive to the impacts of atmospheric rivers (ARs), which bring anomalous amounts of both moisture and heat from lower latitudes poleward. Therefore, describing the characteristics of ARs and their intensity and frequency in the Antarctic regions by applying detection algorithms became a key method to evaluating their impacts on the surface mass balance and melting events. Several intense AR events have influenced Antarctica during the year 2022, and here we report an event with a peak on 10 June 2022 that was detected at 84°S, having a potential impact on West Antarctica. The extreme warm event originated in the Southern Pacific subtropical region and evolved towards the Southern Ocean, crossing the northern Antarctic Peninsula, before reaching as far as most inland regions in Antarctica, different from other typical ARs that are mostly restricted to the continental coast.
Uncertainty Quantification When Learning Dynamical Models and Solvers With Variational Methods
Authors: Lafon N. , Fablet R. , Naveau P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn geosciences, data assimilation (DA) addresses the reconstruction of a hidden dynamical process given some observation data. DA is at the core of operational systems such as weather forecasting, operational oceanography and climate studies. Beyond the reconstruction of the mean or most likely state, the inference of the state posterior distribution remains a key challenge, that is, quantify uncertainties as well as to inform intrinsical stochastic variabilities. Indeed, DA schemes, such as variational DA and Kalman methods, can have difficulty in dealing with complex non‐linear processes. A growing literature investigates the cross‐fertilization of DA and machine learning. This study proposes an end‐to‐end neural scheme based on a variational Bayes inference formulation to jointly address DA and uncertainty quantification. It combines an Evidence Lower BOund variational cost to a trainable gradient‐based solver to infer the state posterior probability distribution function given observation data. The inference of the posterior and the trainable solver are learnt jointly. We demonstrate the relevance of the proposed scheme for a Gaussian parameterization of the posterior and different case‐study experiments, including Lorenz 63 dynamics and river flow measurements. A benchmark with respect to state‐of‐the‐art schemes is provided.
Unusual Magnetospheric Dynamics During Intense Substorm Initiated by Strong Magnetospheric Compression
Authors: Sergeev V. A. , Kubyshkina M. V. , Semenov V. S. , Artemyev A. , Angelopoulos V. , Runov A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe investigate an unusual sequence and peculiar features of magnetotail changes during a storm‐range substorm initiated by the interplanetary shock. Auroral observations and measurements at several favorably distributed magnetospheric spacecraft allowed the construction of an adaptive time‐dependent magnetospheric model to quantitatively characterize the configurational changes and mapping variations. Several passages of low‐altitude spacecraft in polar orbits near midnight help reveal the magnetic configuration of the nightside tail‐dipole transition region. In this event, an intense auroral and convection activity (accompanied by an up to 1,500 nT increase in the SuperMag AL‐index index) emerged in the highly compressed magnetosphere after the passage of interplanetary shock followed by strongly southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). This directly driven phase of the activity continued for an hour and resulted in the formation of a hybrid magnetic configuration with dipolarized midtail and stretched field lines in the transition region. Observations of energetic particle isotropy boundary latitudes near midnight are consistent with the modeled magnetic configuration. In concert with a downward turn of the solar wind (SW) flow, and weakening of the IMF driver and convection, an unusual stretching signature of the inner magnetosphere magnetic field was observed as close as at r ∼ 5 to 7 Re; which resulted mostly from an increasing downward tilt of the thin azimuthal current. Classic substorm breakup signatures commenced at fairly low, ∼60° magnetic latitude, deep in the closed field line region, in association with the current sheet upward motion. It was followed by strong stepwise poleward auroral expansion. We discuss how these signatures deviate from standard substorm scenarios and may be potentially imparted by the aforementioned changes in SW flow direction and pressure.
Impacts of Permeability Heterogeneity and Background Flow on Supercritical CO2 Dissolution in the Deep Subsurface
Authors: Hansen Scott K. , Tao Yichen , Karra Satish 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMotivated by CO2 capture and sequestration (CCS) design considerations, we consider the coupled effects of permeability heterogeneity and background flow on the dissolution of a supercritical CO2 lens into an underlying deep, confined aquifer. We present the results of a large‐scale Monte Carlo simulation study examining the interaction of background flow rate and three parameters describing multi‐Gaussian log‐permeability fields: mean, variance, and correlation length. Hundreds of high‐resolution simulations were performed using the PFLOTRAN finite volume software to model CO2 dissolution in a kilometer‐scale aquifer over 1,000 years. Predictive dimensionless scaling relationships relating CO2 dissolution rate to heterogeneity statistics, Rayleigh (Ra) and Péclet (Pe) numbers were developed for both gravitationally dominated free convection to background flow‐dominated forced convection regimes. An empirical criterion, Pe = Ra3/4, was discovered for regime transition. All simulations converged quickly to a quasi‐steady, approximately linear dissolution rate. However, this rate displayed profound variability between permeability field realizations sharing the same heterogeneity statistics, even under mild permeability heterogeneity. In general, increased heterogeneity was associated with a lower mean and higher variance of dissolution rate, undesirable from a CCS design perspective. The relationship between dissolution rate and background flow was found to be complex and nonlinear. Dimensionless scaling relationships were uncovered for a number of special cases. Results call into question the validity of the Boussinesq approximation in the context of modest‐to‐high background flow rates and the general applicability of numerical simulations without background flow.
A Preoperative Psychosocial Intervention for Youth Undergoing Pectus Repair: Development and Initial Patient/Caregiver Experiences
Authors: Brimeyer Chasity , Czarnecki Michelle L. , LiaBraaten Brynn , Flynn Erin , Weisman Steven J. , Densmore John D. , Hainsworth Keri R. 
Published: October 2023

Objective: Pectus repair surgery for chest wall abnormalities is associated with postoperative pain and worry. Effective psychosocial interventions that equip patients and families for surgery and promote adaptive coping with surgery-related pain and worry are needed, but lacking. In this article, we outline a novel preoperative, psychosocial intervention for youth undergoing pectus repair surgery and their caregivers and evaluate initial patient and caregiver satisfaction, perceived benefit, and acceptability of the intervention using multiple method analysis. Method: A pain psychologist developed the intervention to provide patients with adaptive coping skills for pain and surgery-related worry. Adolescent patients undergoing pectus repair ( n = 26; 83% male, 100% White, Mdnage = 15) and their caregivers ( n = 21) completed clinician-developed surveys to evaluate satisfaction, perceived benefit, and acceptability of the intervention. Results: Patients reported high satisfaction with learning strategies to manage pain (95%) and high overall acceptability (100%). Fewer patients (86%) than caregivers (95%) endorsed overall benefit. Caregivers reported a high degree of satisfaction with the intervention’s overall benefit (100%) and acceptability (99%), in addition to reporting observed benefit for managing pain (95%). Both caregivers (70%) and patients (47%) endorsed less perceived benefit for managing surgery-related worry. Themes from survey open-ended responses included intervention benefits, barriers to using skills learned, and suggestions for improvement. Conclusions: Providing psychosocial intervention during the preoperative period is highly satisfactory, beneficial, and acceptable to patients undergoing pectus repair and their caregivers. This newly developed, clinical intervention may guide the provision of preoperative psychosocial care in this population. Implications for Impact Statement Adolescents undergoing pectus repair surgery and their caregivers need coping tools in addition to medication to manage surgery-related pain and worry. This newly developed, education and skills-based psychosocial intervention addresses a current gap in preoperative surgical care by providing guidance for using psychosocial coping strategies during recovery.
Modeling the measurement precision of Fringe Projection Profilometry
Authors: Lv Shenzhen , Kemao Qian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) surface geometry provides elemental information in various sciences and precision engineering. Fringe Projection Profilometry (FPP) is one of the most powerful non-contact (thus non-destructive) and non-interferometric (thus less restrictive) 3D measurement techniques, featuring at its high precision. However, the measurement precision of FPP is currently evaluated experimentally, lacking a complete theoretical model for guidance. We propose the first complete FPP precision model chain including four stage models (camera intensity, fringe intensity, phase and 3D geometry) and two transfer models (from fringe intensity to phase and from phase to 3D geometry). The most significant contributions include the adoption of a non-Gaussian camera noise model, which, for the first time, establishes the connection between camera’s electronics parameters (known in advance from the camera manufacturer) and the phase precision, and the formulation of the phase to geometry transfer, which makes the precision of the measured geometry representable in an explicit and concise form. As a result, we not only establish the full precision model of the 3D geometry to characterize the performance of an FPP system that has already been set up, but also explore the expression of the highest possible precision limit to guide the error distribution of an FPP system that is yet to build. Our theoretical models make FPP a more designable technique to meet the challenges from various measurement demands concerning different object sizes from macro to micro and requiring different measurement precisions from a few millimeters to a few micrometers.