bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Disability on Early Childhood Development in 3 to 4-Year-Old Children in South Asian Countries: Evidence from Multiple Indicators Cluster Surveys
Authors: Khanam Shimlin Jahan , Alam Md Badsha , Kabir Md Awal , Khan Md. Nuruzzaman 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) prioritize optimal early childhood development (ECD) for all children, emphasizing the principle of leaving no one behind. Country-level initiatives to address ECD, particularly for children with disabilities, are evident due to their heightened risk of not achieving developmental milestones. Despite this focus, the association between disability and ECD remains largely unknown in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to investigate the impact of disability on ECD among 3 to 4-year-old children in South Asian countries.
Methods
Data from 56,841 children were analyzed, extracted from six rounds of Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys conducted in Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan between 2017 and 2020. The outcome variable considered was the early childhood development index (ECDI) and its domains (physical, learning, emotional, and social well-being). Disability status and types of disability served as the main explanatory variables. The association between explanatory and outcome variables was determined using a multilevel logistic regression model, adjusting for potential covariates.
Results
Approximately 44% of children in South Asian countries were not developmentally on track, with prevalence increasing to 58-76% among children with disabilities. Children with disabilities exhibited significantly higher odds of not being developmentally on track across all domains compared to those without disabilities. Country-specific variations were evident, with Nepal consistently showing lower odds than Bangladesh and Pakistan. Likelihoods of poor ECDI and its domains were also observed across types of disability.
Conclusion
The findings emphasize that children with disabilities face challenges in achieving developmental milestones, indicating a long-term burden. This poses a risk to the achievement of SDGs related to inclusivity and early childhood development. Implementing inclusive education policies, especially in rural areas, and creating supportive environments for individuals with disabilities are crucial for addressing these challenges.
Normative Analysis of Unlawful Acts in the Context of Inhibition of the Certificate Name Reversal Process
Authors: Jatmiko Wisnu , Yuniarlin Prihati 
Published: November 2023

This paper discusses illegal acts that hinder the process of turning over the certificate's name. An unlawful act can be categorized as an unlawful act if the act causes harm to other parties. There are two kinds of losses incurred by unlawful acts, namely material losses, and immaterial losses. With a normative approach, this article finds that an act is categorized as an act against the law if it meets the five elements of an unlawful act. Unlawful acts committed by the seller if based on the Cilacap District Court Decision number 25 / Pdt.G / 2017 / PNClp, namely the existence of an act (the act of buying and selling land), an unlawful act (reselling the object of sale and purchase and delaying the process of returning the name of the certificate), victim losses (immaterial losses), a causal relationship between the act and losses (defendants whose whereabouts are unknown), the offender's fault (reselling the object of buying and selling land). Thus, the author agrees with the judge of the Cilacap District Court that the lawsuit over the dispute is an illegal act.Tulisan ini membahas tentang perbuatan melawan hukum yang timbul dalam menghambat proses balik nama sertifikat. Suatu perbuatan melanggar hukum dapat dikategorikan sebagai perbuatan melawan hukum apabila perbuatan tersebut menimbulkan kerugian bagi pihak lain. Ada dua macam kerugian yang ditimbulkan oleh perbuatan melawan hukum yaitu kerugian materiil dan kerugian immaterial. Dengan pendekatan normatif, artikel ini menemukan bahwa suatu perbuatan dikategorikan sebagai perbuatan melawan hukum jika memenuhi lima unsur perbuatan melawan hukum. Perbuatan melawan hukum yang dilakukan oleh penjual jika berdasarkan pada Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Cilacap nomor 25/Pdt.G/2017/PNClp yaitu adanya Suatu perbuatan (perbuatan jual beli tanah), perbuatan melawan hukum (menjual kembali objek jual beli dan menunda proses balik nama sertifikat), kerugian korban (kerugian immaterial), hubungan kausalitas antara perbuatan dengan kerugian (tergugat yang tidak diketahui keberadaanya), kesalahan pelaku (menjual kembali objek jual beli tanah). Dengan demikian, penulis sependapat dengan hakim Pengadilan Negeri Cilacap bahwa gugatan atas sengketa tersebut termasuk perbuatan melawan hukum
USO DAS TICS NO ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA
Authors: Oliveira de Melo Maria Margarida , Garcia Tulia Fernanda Meira , Sobrinho Djanni Martinho dos Santos , Garcia Tânia Cristina Meira 
Published: November 2023

RESUMO
Este artigo tem como objetivo relatar uma experiência vivenciada durante o período da pandemia COVID-19 na Escola Estadual Santos Dumont, Parnamirim/RN, relacionando o Ensino de História e os desafios de utilização das ferramentas metodológicas educacionais que as TICs proporcionaram aos professores e alunos. Atualmente, o universo que abrange as tecnologias da informação ganha de forma acelerada o nosso dia a dia e no contexto do ensino as TICs tiveram seu despertar junto aos profissionais da educação de forma que utilizamos com mais intensidade os métodos tecnológicos em nossos planejamentos de aulas. As TICs são consideradas meios de ligar a escola aos avanços dos recursos tecnológicos, como por exemplo, a criação de softwares, das telecomunicações e a criação de pesquisa na área tecnológica que são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento da sociedade. As novas tecnologias proporcionam recursos didáticos inovadores que de certo atraem os alunos que vivenciam a era digital com bastante entusiasmo e interesse. O desafio pontual para efetivação da aplicabilidade das TICs na educação é o papel que o professor vai exercer, pois vemos ainda uma resistência por parte de alguns docentes em utilizar as TICs em suas aulas. O Ensino de historia vem associando as práticas ditas tradicionais de análises de fontes históricas e do livro didático com as TICs.
Recent Updates on the Efficacy of Mitocans in Photo/Radio-Therapy for Targeting Metabolism in Chemo/Radio-Resistant Cancers: Nanotherapeutics
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Liu Junqi , YN Lakshmi Durga , Beeraka Narasimha M , Zhou Runze , Lu Pengwei , Song Ruixia , Sinelnikov Mikhail , Chen Kuo , Fan Ruitai , Zhao Di 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Conventional therapeutic modalities against the cancers such as surgery, chemotherapy
(CT) and radiotherapy (RT) have limited efficacy due to drug resistance, and adverse effects. Recent
developments in nanoscience emphasized novel approaches to overcome the aforementioned
limitations and subsequently improve overall clinical outcomes in cancer patients. Photodynamic
therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), and radiodynamic therapy (RDT) can be used as cancer
treatments due to their high selectivity, low drug resistance, and low toxicity. Mitocans are the
therapeutic molecules that can produce anti-cancer effects by modulating mitochondria functions
and they have significant implications in cancer therapy. Mitochondria- targeted therapy is a
promising strategy in cancer treatment as these organelles play a crucial function in the regulation
of apoptosis and metabolism in tumor cells and are more vulnerable to hyperthermia and oxidative
damage. The aim of this review is used to explore the targeting efficacy of mitocans in the
nanotherapeutic formulation when combined with therapies like PDT, PTT, RDT. We searched
several databases include Pubmed, relemed, scopus, google scholar, Embase and collected the related
information to the efficacy of mitocans in nanotherapeutics when combined with photo-radiotherapy
to target chemo/radio-resisant tumor cells. In this review, we vividly described research reports
pertinent to the selective delivery of chemotherapy molecules into specific sub-organelles
which can significantly improve the efficiency of cancer treatment by targeting tumor cell
metabolism. Furthermore, the rational design, functionalization and application of various mitochondrial
targeting units, including organic phosphine/sulfur salts, quaternary ammonium salts,
transition metal complexes, and mitochondria-targeted cancer therapy such as PDT, PTT, RDT,
and others were summarized. Mainly, the efficacy of these modalities against mtDNA and additional
nanotherapeutic strategies with photosensitizers, or radiotherapy to target mitochondrial
metabolism in tumor cells with chemo/radio-resistance were delineated. This review can benefit
nanotechnologists, oncologists, and radiation oncologists to develop rational designs and application
of novel mitochondrial targeting drugs mainly to target metabolism in chemo/radio-resistant
cancer cells in cancer therapy.
Aberrant Expressions of PSMD14 in Tumor Tissue are the Potential
Prognostic Biomarkers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Curative
Resection
Authors: Xiong Yi-Mei , Zhou Fang , Zhou Jia-Wen , Liu Fei , Zhou Si-Qi , Li Bo , Liu Zhong-Jian , Qin Yang 
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high mortality rate, with curative
resection being the primary treatment. However, HCC patients have a large possibility of recurrence
within 5 years after curative resection.

Method:
Thus, identifying biomarkers to predict recurrence is crucial. In our study, we analyzed
data from CCLE, GEO, and TCGA, identifying eight oncogenes associated with HCC. Subsequently,
the expression of 8 genes was tested in 5 cases of tumor tissues and the adjacent non-tumor
tissues. Then ATP6AP1, PSMD14 and HSP90AB1 were selected to verify the expression in
63 cases of tumor tissues and the adjacent non-tumor tissues. The results showed that ATP6AP1,
PSMD14, HSP90AB1 were generally highly expressed in tumor tissues. A five-year follow-up of
the 63 clinical cases, combined with Kaplan-Meier Plotter's relapse-free survival (RFS) analysis,
found a significant correlation between PSMD14 expression and recurrence in HCC patients. Subsequently,
we analyzed the PSMD14 mutations and found that the PSMD14 gene mutations can
lead to a shorter disease-free survival time for HCC patients.

Results:
The results of enrichment analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes related
to PSMD14 are mainly enriched in the signal release pathway.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, our research showed that PSMD14 might be related to recurrence in
HCC patients, and the expression of PSMD14 in tumor tissue might be a potential prognostic biomarker
after tumor resection in HCC patients.
The Effect of 10% Sodium Ascorbate and Er: YAG Laser on the Microtensile Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Bleached Enamel
Authors: Zakavi Faramarz , Gholizade Sara , Etemadi Najme 
Published: November 2023

Background:
There are various methods proposed to prevent the reduction of substrate micro tensile bond strength to bleached enamel. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of two common methods, namely 10% sodium ascorbate and Er:YAG laser irradiation, in increasing the microtensile bond strength of composite resins to bleached enamel.

Methods:
In this in vitro study, 72 maxillary premolar teeth were divided into four equal groups: bleached control group, unbleached control group, treated with 10% sodium ascorbate, and Er:YAG laser-treated group (60 mJ, frequency = 10 Hz, and power of 0.6 W with a 400-µm diameter tip). The samples were cut by a CNC cutting machine for a microtensile bond strength test.

Results:
The Er:YAG laser group showed the highest mean bond strength (27.3 MPa), while the bleached control group had the lowest (15.06 Mpa). There was a significant difference between the bleached and unbleached control groups (P<0.001). Samples prepared with 10% sodium ascorbate and the Er:YAG group had higher tensile bond strength than the bleached control group (P<0.0001). Tensile bond strengths were not significantly different between the 10% sodium ascorbate and the Er:YAG laser preparation groups (P=0.361).

Conclusion:
The findings of this study indicate that the microtensile bond strength of composite resins to bleached enamel can be increased by 10% sodium ascorbate and Er:YAG laser irradiation.
Immunity Boosting Herbs For Fighting COVID-19
Authors: Sharma Prerna , Rani Nidhi , Sharma Vikas , Goel Nitin , Dhankhar Sanchit 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Ever since the global outbreak of COVID-19, which is an infectious disease caused by
the novel SARS-CoV-2 (Novel Coronavirus (nCov-19), scientists and researchers across the
globe have been looking and searching for a cure that is quick, efficient and affordable. SARSCoV-
2 spread in 215 countries and territories around the globe with +15 million reported cases
and +670k deaths worldwide until July 24, 2020. Healthcare facilities across the globe are trying
to manage, control, and prevent the spread of this submicroscopic entity entering the macroscopic
cosmos. Patients infected with COVID-19 frequently present with a respiratory infection that
is similar to pneumonia and a cough. We do not yet have an effective vaccination to battle the
sickness; therefore, the only treatment option for patients is symptomatic therapy. In the meantime,
however, it could be useful to have a look at the most recent research on immuneenhancing
herbs and how they might be incorporated into daily life if the impact of nCov-19 on
an individual cannot be stopped entirely but can at least be mitigated.
Periodontal Disease Markers among Patients with Long COVID: A Case-control Study
Authors: Louisa Marie , Anggraini Wita , Putranto Ricky Anggara , Komala Olivia Nauli , De Angelis Nicola 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Long-COVID affects approximately 32-87% of COVID-19 patients and causes persistent symptoms that last more than 4 weeks after initial infection. Long COVID is associated with a notable cytokine triad, namely IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Periodontal disease also involves proinflammatory cytokines production, including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Consequently, long-COVID, which has an impact on proinflammatory cytokine release, could have an impact on periodontal status.

Objective:
This study aims to see whether long COVID affects periodontal status severity based on proinflammatory cytokines levels involved in both diseases, namely IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α.

Methods:
Patients were divided into periodontitis or gingivitis patients and then were further divided into two groups, previous COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19 patients (controls). Gingival sulcus fluids were obtained from each patient using paper points inserted in the patients’ sulcus, and ELISA tests were carried out to measure IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels.

Results:
Levene Test indicated that there were no substantial differences between IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels (0.057, 0.135, and 0.341, respectively) in COVID-19 patients with gingivitis in comparison to the control group with gingivitis, with average IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels seen higher in the control group compared to COVID-19 patients. There were also no substantial differences between IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels (1.00, 0.567, and 0.666, respectively) between COVID-19 patients with periodontitis and the control group with periodontitis. Although higher levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were found higher in COVID-19 patients in comparison to the control group.

Conclusion:
Levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in periodontitis patients with long COVID were higher than controls. But despite that, higher IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were not found in long COVID subjects with gingivitis, as well as IL-β levels in the periodontitis group. Further studies with more subjects are needed to determine the connection between these two diseases further.
Clinical Trial Registration No: The clinical trial registration of this research is 014/S3/KEPK/FKG/10/2021.
In vitro Antibacterial Effects of Curcumin-loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles inside the Dental Implant Fixture
Authors: Shirmohammadi Adileh , Balazadeh Yasaman , Negahdari Ramin , Dizaj Solmaz Maleki , Memar Mohammad Yousef 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Infection in implants is a critical problem in the assemblies of two-piece implants.

Aim:
The purpose of this study was to test in vitro antibacterial effects of curcumin-loaded silica nanoparticles inside the implant fixture.

Methods:
Forty-five implants in five groups were used for evaluation of the antibacterial effects against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis. The groups were curcumin-containing silica nanoparticles, curcumin-free silica nanoparticles, curcumin, distilled water (negative control), and chlorhexidine (positive control). The mentioned materials in each group were poured into the inner cavity of the implant and then the abutment was closed (torque of 35 Ncm). All implant-abutment sections were dipped in bacterial suspension and incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. The inside of each implant was cultured on the surface of the culture plates.

Results:
The results showed that curcumin-containing silica nanoparticles affected all three bacterial species and the number of colonies in all three bacteria was significantly reduced. The nanoparticles showed antibacterial effects on S. aureus, E. coli and E. faecalis, which was statistically significant (p-value <0.05).

Conclusion:
The outcomes of this study showed that the curcumin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles can be used inside the implant fixture for benefiting from their antimicrobial properties and further success of implant therapy.
Enhancing Periodontitis Treatment: A Comprehensive Literature Review of Locally Delivered Antibiotics as an Adjunctive Therapy
Authors: Abu-Ta'a Mahmoud , Bazzar Sally 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Periodontitis is a prevalent and persistent infection that can significantly affect overall health. While scaling and root planing are effective treatments, they may not fully remove bacterial biofilms in difficult-to-reach areas, such as furcations and deep pockets. Therefore, numerous studies have demonstrated that supplementing mechanical debridement with locally delivered antibiotics can improve clinical outcomes.

Objective:
This study aims to review the effectiveness of different types of locally delivered antibiotics as adjunctive therapy to scaling and root planing in treating periodontitis.

Methods:
Pubmed, Scopus and Google Scholar were utilized to obtain papers addressing locally delivered antibiotics in periodontitis patients, antibiotics in periodontitis, or antimicrobial agents in periodontitis up to February 1, 2023.

Results:
Treatment with locally delivered antibiotics led to notable improvements in clinical outcomes. These improvements encompassed reductions in probing depths, gingival inflammation, and bleeding on probing. Additionally, enhancements in clinical attachment level and periodontal pocket depth reduction were consistently observed in the included studies.

Conclusion:
Based on individual antimicrobial agent analyses, we are unable to determine which local antibiotic is the best. It is challenging to accurately assess the use of sustained or released local antimicrobials due to the unique features of each product. Local medication administration into the periodontal pocket could be an effective therapy adjunct to mechanical instruments.
A Preventive Strategy against Root Caries for the General Dentist: A Cross-sectional Clinical Study
Authors: Al-Harthy Nutayla , Qutieshat Abubaker , Petropoulou Polyxeni , Chopra Harneet , Ruiz Elena Figuero 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to look into the prevalence of root caries and gingival problems among patients attending a teaching dental hospital in the Sultanate of Oman, as well as to assess patients' knowledge and attitudes toward oral health and to develop a “prototype” preventive plan against root caries for general practice.

Methods:
A cross-sectional clinical study of patients attending patient clinics for routine procedures was conducted. For each patient examined, the participating clinical faculty members were to complete a two-part survey: a root surface chart and a periodontal chart. A questionnaire that sought to assess patients’ knowledge and attitudes was also conducted.

Results:
There was a high prevalence of gingival recession and root caries in the study population, which indicates that root caries are already a dental management issue. Patients who reported a family history of diabetes had significantly more root surface active lesions and were three times more likely to have a lesion compared to patients who did not. Despite their lack of knowledge about dental diseases and what would happen to their oral tissues as they aged, the majority of patients in this study are concerned about future carious attacks and would prefer to receive direct advice from their dentist.

Conclusion:
There is a need for a program to educate dentists about the shortcomings of the current approach to patient education and motivation and provide them with the necessary training to implement a successful root caries prevention strategy in their practises.
Conventional Border Molding versus Digital Impression on Complete Denture Impression: A Review
Authors: Mohamed Nusima , Yusof Hazira M. , Yacob Norlela , Hamid Nor Faharina Abdul 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Definitive working impression of a complete denture requires proper border molding as part of impression techniques to capture the essential details of anatomical landmarks and the functional sulcus. In the era of digital dentistry, the digital impression using optical scanners may be an alternative to conventional techniques.

Objective:
This paper discusses the differences between conventional methods and digital impression in a complete denture covering its procedures, importance and relevance of border molding in both methods for a good working impression.

Methods:
The study reviewed papers from 2000 to 2022 in Medline and PubMed on border molding and complete denture working impression. Both methods were revised and contrasted to discuss the relevance and advantages of both approaches.

Results:
It is still controversial to conclude that digital impression is superior to the conventional method. Both methods have the strength to improve the quality of the impression taking procedure and complete denture quality of retention and stability. Digital impression gives more comfort and less post insertion adjustment. The conventional method still has good clinical outcomes in terms of retention and stability. Border molding should not be disregarded as part of the working impression procedure.

Conclusion:
The paper concludes that border molding and the conventional working impression technique are still relevant due to their comparable outcome compared to digital impression, as less cost and high skills are involved.