bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) for patients with cranial infection
Authors: Kilinc Fatma , Setzer Matthias , Behmanesh Bedjan , Jussen Daniel , Gessler Florian , Bayerl Simon , Kempf Volkhard A. J. , Kessel Johanna , Czabanka Marcus , Prinz Vincent 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveOutpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) is a well-established and cost-effective method for improving the efficient use of healthcare resources. However, only a few centres in Germany perform it. Here we analysed OPAT for the treatment of patients with cranial infections in our neurosurgical department.MethodsThis retrospective study analysed patients with cranial infections and the need for intravenous (i.v.) antimicrobial treatment between 2018 and 2021.All diagnosed intracranial infections were defined into two infection categories such as long-term antimicrobial treatment and short-term antimicrobial treatment. All included patients were discharged with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line. Prior to discharge, all patients received training in the safe administration of their medications via the PICC line. The duration of OPAT and the rate of readmission after OPAT were analysed.ResultsWe identified a total of 45 patients treated with OPAT for cranial infections. Intradural involvement was present in 40 cases (88.9%). The average length of hospital stay for this cohort after surgical treatment was 45 ± 15 days. 5 patients were treated for soft tissue/skin infection. Surgery was not required in this cohort. The mean hospital stay for this cohort was 8 ± 6 days. Gram-positive organisms were isolated in most cases (53.3%). The most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus followed by other Staphylococcus species. For all included patients, OPAT was performed after discharge for an average of 43.1 ± 14 days. There were five cases of readmission due to treatment failure. No serious adverse events or complications of OPAT were observed.ConclusionOPAT enables better patient-centred healthcare close to home. The length of hospital stay can be reduced and adverse events due to prolonged hospitalisation can be avoided.
End to end stroke triage using cerebrovascular morphology and machine learning
Authors: Deshpande Aditi , Elliott Jordan , Jiang Bin , Tahsili-Fahadan Pouya , Kidwell Chelsea , Wintermark Max , Laksari Kaveh 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundRapid and accurate triage of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is essential for early revascularization and improved patient outcomes. Response to acute reperfusion therapies varies significantly based on patient-specific cerebrovascular anatomy that governs cerebral blood flow. We present an end-to-end machine learning approach for automatic stroke triage.MethodsEmploying a validated convolutional neural network (CNN) segmentation model for image processing, we extract each patient’s cerebrovasculature and its morphological features from baseline non-invasive angiography scans. These features are used to detect occlusion’s presence and the site automatically, and for the first time, to estimate collateral circulation without manual intervention. We then use the extracted cerebrovascular features along with commonly used clinical and imaging parameters to predict the 90 days functional outcome for each patient.ResultsThe CNN model achieved a segmentation accuracy of 94% based on the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC). The automatic stroke detection algorithm had a sensitivity and specificity of 92% and 94%, respectively. The models for occlusion site detection and automatic collateral grading reached 96% and 87.2% accuracy, respectively. Incorporating the automatically extracted cerebrovascular features significantly improved the 90 days outcome prediction accuracy from 0.63 to 0.83.ConclusionThe fast, automatic, and comprehensive model presented here can improve stroke diagnosis, aid collateral assessment, and enhance prognostication for treatment decisions, using cerebrovascular morphology.
Development of millet-acid whey formulations with nutritional, microbiological, and sensory characterization
Authors: Malik Sargun , Mustapha Azlin , Krishnaswamy Kiruba 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionDisposal of the acid whey waste stream is one of the major challenges faced by the Greek yogurt industry. However, based on its physicochemical characteristics and composition analysis, it has huge potential in the health industry. Likewise, millets are highly nutritive and health benefitting ancient grains. Combining acid whey and millet matrix can help in solving the problem of both food losses and food security. Hence, the objective of the study is to analyze the enhancement or degradation of the nutrition profile when acid whey is combined with millet matrix using spray-drying technology.MethodThe methodology of the study includes composition analysis and functional characterization based on antioxidant properties, microbial analysis, and sensory evaluation.Results and discussionThe results showed that there was enhancement of functional properties of the millet-acid whey formulation matrix specifically in terms of polyphenolic compounds, lactose content, and mineral content. Overall, the study aims to provide an alternative method for the utilization and consumption of acid whey that is currently being mishandled and considered as waste by the Greek yogurt manufacturing companies.
An Orphan VrgG Auxiliary Module Related to the Type VI Secretion Systems from Pseudomonas ogarae F113 Mediates Bacterial Killing
Authors: Durán David , Vazquez-Arias David , Blanco-Romero Esther , Garrido-Sanz Daniel , Redondo-Nieto Miguel , Rivilla Rafael , Martín Marta 
Published: October 2023

The model rhizobacterium Pseudomonas ogarae F113, a relevant plant growth-promoting bacterium, encodes three different Type VI secretion systems (T6SS) in its genome. In silico analysis of its genome revealed the presence of a genetic auxiliary module containing a gene encoding an orphan VgrG protein (VgrG5a) that is not genetically linked to any T6SS structural cluster, but is associated with genes encoding putative T6SS-related proteins: a possible adaptor Tap protein, followed by a putative effector, Tfe8, and its putative cognate immunity protein, Tfi8. The bioinformatic analysis of the VgrG5a auxiliary module has revealed that this cluster is only present in several subgroups of the P. fluorescens complex of species. An analysis of the mutants affecting the vgrG5a and tfe8 genes has shown that the module is involved in bacterial killing. To test whether Tfe8/Tfi8 constitute an effector–immunity pair, the genes encoding Tfe8 and Tfi8 were cloned and expressed in E. coli, showing that the ectopic expression of tfe8 affected growth. The growth defect was suppressed by tfi8 ectopic expression. These results indicate that Tfe8 is a bacterial killing effector, while Tfi8 is its cognate immunity protein. The Tfe8 protein sequence presents homology to the proteins of the MATE family involved in drug extrusion. The Tfe8 effector is a membrane protein with 10 to 12 transmembrane domains that could destabilize the membranes of target cells by the formation of pores, revealing the importance of these effectors for bacterial interaction. Tfe8 represents a novel type of a T6SS effector present in pseudomonads.
MARUNDA AIR QUALITY INDEX BASED ON CONTENT OF PM 2.5 AND PM 10 ACCORDING TO THE CRITERIA DETERMINED BY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY OF UNITED STATE OF AMERICA
Authors: Yudhiyono Yudhiyono , Alamsyah Jaya , Nurdin Mohamad 
Published: October 2023

Marunda is an area located in North Jakarta, several Industrial and warehousing located in this area, as well as special port such as: Millitary port, coal and sand loading and unloading. As a Industrial and warehousing area, tranportation marunda dominated by Container Truck and heavy Equipment. Main source of energy for industrial area came from coal and petroleum, and main source of energy for transportation activity came from petroleum, this is the main cause of air pollution in Marunda. Indication of high levels of air pollution can be seen by amount of dust (fine particles) that scattered on the floor. Based on existing studies has been known that air pollution has negative impact for human health. In this articles will be discussed level of air pollution in marunda based on the content of particulate matter 2.5, particulate matter 10 and Nitrogen Dioxide in the air.
Analisis Marjin Pemasaran Telur Ayam Ras di Kecamatan Sinoa dan Kecamatan Tompobulu Kabupaten Bantaeng
Authors: Baking Sumarni , Wardah Siti , Amruddin Amruddin 
Published: October 2023

One of the agricultural sectors that has quite an important role in supporting the national economy is the livestock sub-sector, including large livestock, small livestock, poultry, and other types of livestock. Poultry farming, namely laying hens, produces eggs, which are widely consumed by all levels of society. Eggs are a source of protein needed by the body, so it is not surprising that they are a food in demand. The areas that are the center for producing purebred chicken eggs are the Sinoa District and the Tompobulu District. The study aimed to analyze the marketing channels and margins of purebred chicken eggs. This research was conducted in Bantaeng District with two sub-districts, Sinoa District and Tompobulu District, with 25 respondents, where 20 breeder respondents were determined purposively, and five traders were determined using the Tracing Method. The data collection techniques used were surveys, interviews, and documentation. The research results were analyzed using a descriptive approach to describe the marketing channels for purebred chicken eggs and analysis of marketing margins. The research results show three marketing channels used by laying hen breeders: (1) Channel I (Breeders – Consumers); (2) Channel II (Breeders – Retailers – Consumers); (3) Channel III (Breeders – wholesalers – Retailers – Consumers). Meanwhile, the margin in Channel I is not found because breeders sell directly to consumers. On Channel II, the margin is IDR 200.00/item. On Channel III, the margin is IDR 400.00/item. The average marketing margin for marketing channel II is IDR. 6,000.00/frame, and channel III is IDR 12,000.00/ frame. The difference in margins that occur in marketing channels II and III is caused by the number of marketing institutions involved in marketing eggs, where the longer the marketing channel, the more marketing institutions are involved, which results in a greater marketing margin.
An experimental approach: Investigating the directive function of autobiographical memory
Authors: Duff Nicky , Salmon Karen , Macaskill Anne 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhy do we have autobiographical memory and how is it useful? Researchers have proposed a directive function; our experiences guide our behavior, particularly when faced with an open-ended problem. Two experiments (one between-participant and one mixed design) were therefore conducted to test whether success autobiographical memories – any experience when the participant felt successful and competent – are helpful for generating solutions to problem scenarios. One research aim was to experimentally test the directive function as current experimental evidence is limited and results are mixed. Consequently, it is unclear if and how autobiographical memory is helpful for open-ended problem solving. Another aim was to test whether self-efficacy is an important factor that supports open-ended problem solving and thus the directive function. Although success memories enhanced self-ratings of self-efficacy across both experiments, in samples of undergraduate students there was no experimental effect of success autobiographical memories on problem solving. Instead, some participants across the memory and control conditions in both experiments, even when not instructed, recalled autobiographical memories related to the problem scenarios presented in the problem-solving task, and these participants did better at problem solving than those who did not. This may hint to a directive function and is perhaps one reason why there is no experimental effect. Sample and experimental design differences are discussed as potential factors that may contribute to non-significant effects in this study but significant effects in others. Our results highlight the complexity of the directive function, and the difficulty of experimentally testing how autobiographical memory directs behavior.
On translating the Russian Orthodox Church theological texts into Chinese: the general approach and verification issues
Authors: Ивченко Т.В. , Юсупов А. 
Published: October 2023

В статье описывается процесс перевода одного православного богословского текста – «Основ социальной концепции Русской православной церкви». Этот текст широк по своему содержанию, непрост по языку и, как следствие, сложен для перевода. В процессе работы над переводом была сделана попытка на грамматическом, лексическом и стилистическом уровнях решить проблему адекватной передачи содержания оригинала и перейти к созданию китайского языка православной традиции, который бы отличался от языка переводов других христианских деноминаций.
The paper describes the process of translating an Orthodox theological text — “Fundamentals of the social concept of the Russian Orthodox Church”. The text is broad in content, sophisticated in language, and, therefore, it offers a lot of challenges for translators. The translators attempted to solve the problem of adequate rendition of the content on the grammatical, lexical, and stylistic levels, and, consequently, to start developing the Chinese-Language lexicon for the Orthodox tradition, — a lexicon of its own, differing from the language of translations done by representatives of other Christian denominations.
Understanding the etymology of anatomical terms as a factor in teaching translation of specialised texts
Authors: Лютянская М.М. , Лютянский В.М. 
Published: October 2023

Настоящая статья посвящена рассмотрению метафорического способа терминообразования в контексте обучения специальному медицинскому переводу. Научная новизна исследования заключается в том, что впервые проведен сопоставительный анализ метафорического потенциала терминов латинского, английского и русского языков на материале терминосистемы «Анатомия центральной нервной системы (ЦНС)». В результате анализа выборки терминов, полученной из справочника по международной анатомической терминологии, был сделан вывод о том, что терминология ЦНС в латинском языке образовывалась преимущественно метафорически. Английский и русский языки разными способами осуществляли заимствование латинских терминов: в русском языке преобладает калькирование и перевод метафоры, а в английском языке — прямое заимствование с сохранением исходной формы слова. Авторы статьи полагают, что при работе с медицинскими текстами на английском языке переводчикам необходимо обращение к этимологии анатомических терминов, чтобы понимать внутреннюю форму языковых единиц. При переводе специальных текстов переводчику очень важно не только правильное понимание термина и обозначаемого им научного понятия, но и умение запоминать большое количество новых понятий. Знание метафоры, лежащей в основе номинации и терминообразования, улучшает запоминание новых терминов и понимание заключенного в них значения, что повышает качество перевода.
The present article considers the metaphorical method of term formation in the context of teaching specialized medical translation. The scientific significance of the study lies in the comparative analysis of the metaphorical potential of terms in Latin, English and Russian languages carried out on the material of the term system “Anatomy of the Central Nervous System (CNS)”. The analysis of the sample of terms obtained from the international anatomical terminology reference book resulted in the conclusion that the terminology of CNS in Latin was formed mainly metaphorically. English and Russian languages borrowed Latin terms in different ways: in the Russian language calquing and translation of metaphor prevail, and in the English language – direct borrowing with preservation of the original form of the word. The authors believe that when working with medical texts in English, translators need to refer to the etymology of anatomical terms in order to understand the internal form of linguistic units. When working with specialised texts, it is very important for the translator not only to have correct understanding of the term and the scientific concept it denotes, but also to be able to memorise a large number of new concepts. The understanding of metaphor, which is the basis of nomination and term formation, helps to memorise new terms and understand their meaning, which improves the quality of translation.
Stability and Detectability of Exomoons Orbiting HIP 41378 f, a Temperate Jovian Planet with an Anomalously Low Apparent Density
Authors: Harada Caleb K. , Dressing Courtney D. , Alam Munazza K. , Kirk James , López-Morales Mercedes , Ohno Kazumasa , Akinsanmi Babatunde , Barros Susana C. C. , Buchhave Lars A. , Collier Cameron A. , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Dai Fei , Gao Peter , Giacalone Steven , Grouffal Salomé , Lillo-Box Jorge , Mayo Andrew W. , Mortier Annelies , Santerne Alexandre , Santos Nuno C. , Sousa Sérgio G. , Turtelboom Emma V. , Vanderburg Andrew , Wheatley Peter J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Moons orbiting exoplanets (“exomoons”) may hold clues about planet formation, migration, and habitability. In this work, we investigate the plausibility of exomoons orbiting the temperate (T
eq = 294 K) giant (R = 9.2 R
⊕) planet HIP 41378 f, which has been shown to have a low apparent bulk density of 0.09 g cm−3 and a flat near-infrared transmission spectrum, hinting that it may possess circumplanetary rings. Given this planet’s long orbital period (P ≈ 1.5 yr), it has been suggested that it may also host a large exomoon. Here, we analyze the orbital stability of a hypothetical exomoon with a satellite-to-planet mass ratio of 0.0123 orbiting HIP 41378 f. Combining a new software package, astroQTpy, with REBOUND and EqTide, we conduct a series of N-body and tidal migration simulations, demonstrating that satellites up to this size are largely stable against dynamical escape and collisions. We simulate the expected transit signal from this hypothetical exomoon and show that current transit observations likely cannot constrain the presence of exomoons orbiting HIP 41378 f, though future observations may be capable of detecting exomoons in other systems. Finally, we model the combined transmission spectrum of HIP 41378 f and a hypothetical moon with a low-metallicity atmosphere and show that the total effective spectrum would be contaminated at the ∼10 ppm level. Our work not only demonstrates the feasibility of exomoons orbiting HIP 41378 f but also shows that large exomoons may be a source of uncertainty in future high-precision measurements of exoplanet systems.
Análise das vias de ansiedade em pacientes frente ao tratamento endodôntico e manejo por cirurgiões-dentistas
Authors: Rhode Bruna Gabriele , Przybulinski Caroline Konageski , Lopes Maria Eduarda Rosado , Wandscher Vinícius Felipe , Marchionatti Ana Maria Estivalete 
Published: October 2023

Introdução: A ansiedade é uma emoção complexa e desagradável acompanhada por sintomas e sinais corporais. Tratamentos odontológicos podem causar ansiedade, especialmente o endodôntico. Objetivo: Avaliar as vias de ansiedade dos pacientes atendidos em uma Clínica-Escola de Odontologia, frente ao tratamento endodôntico, e o conhecimento de Cirurgiões-dentistas sobre o manejo da ansiedade. Método: 24 pacientes e 22 cirurgiões-dentistas foram contatados para a realização do questionário por meio de telefonema gravado. A mensuração das respostas foi por meio da plataforma “Google Forms”. Resultado: Pacientes ansiosos por más experiências anteriores caracterizam a via de condicionamento que representa a maioria dos participantes. A via menos relatada foi a de ameaça verbal. Referente aos profissionais, 100% explicam e tiram dúvidas antes do procedimento e 68,2% sentem-se aptos cientificamente para amenizar a ansiedade. Conclusão: A ansiedade resulta de diversas vias, sendo importante o cirurgião-dentista estar preparado para o manejo.
Experimental androgen deficiency and associated structural changes in the muscle tissue of the external anal sphincter
Authors: Pronina A. S. , Suvorova G. N. , Vologdina N. N. 
Published: October 2023

Aim. We aimed to study the histological and ultramicroscopic structure of the striated muscle tissue of the external anal sphincter (EAS) of mature male rats under experimental androgen deficiency.Materials and methods. The study included 10 male laboratory rats aged 8 months, which were randomly divided into 2 groups of 5 each. The experimental group underwent bilateral orchiectomy to create testosterone deficiency. After 45 days, rats were sacrificed. We studied the concentration of testosterone in histological sections of EASs using light microscopy and ultramicroscopy. We also determined the diameter of muscle fibers and the thickness of endomysium, the area of muscle fibers, connective tissue, myofibrils and cytoplasm, identification of glycogen granules in the cytoplasm and intermyofibrillar space, as well as changes in mitochondria. Results. In the experimental group, on the 45th day after surgical castration, the testosterone level was 2.5 times lower than in the control group 2.69 (2.52; 2.73) nmol/l vs. 7.20 (6.83; 7.21) nmol/l, p = 0.008. Using morphometric analysis, we found that in the experimental group after surgical castration the diameter of the muscle fibers was statistically significantly smaller than in the control group: 6.56 (3.96; 7.24) µm vs. 9.52 (8.88; 10.44) µm, p < 0.001, while the thickness of the endomysium in the experimental group was greater: 3.34 (3.11; 3.78) µm vs. 1.62 (1.51; 1.86) µm, p < 0.0001. The ratio of muscle fiber area/connective tissue area was statistically significantly lower in the group after castration: 1.64 (1.50; 1.78) vs. 4.00 (3.17; 5.25), p < 0.0001. The ratio of myofibril area/cytoplasmic area changed in the experimental group towards the predominance of cytoplasm 0.79 (0.67; 0.79) vs. 5.25 (5.25; 7.33), p < 0.0001. With an increase in cytoplasmic volume, an increase in the number of glycogen granules was observed; pathological forms of mitochondria were identified: swelling, destruction of cristae and vacuolization of their matrix. Conclusion. Under conditions of testosterone deficiency, along with atrophic processes, compensatory and adaptive mechanisms are formed in the striated skeletal muscle tissue of the EAS, aimed at restoring its metabolic and functional organization