bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of International Human Rights Law in Shaping National Immigration Policies
Authors: Jones Kate 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to explore the role of international human rights in shaping national immigration policies.
Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.
Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the role of international human rights in shaping national immigration policies. Preliminary empirical review revealed that international human rights law plays a pivotal role in influencing the development and implementation of national immigration policies. Secondly, the extent to which international human rights law impacts national immigration policies varies across countries and regions. Factors such as domestic political considerations, security concerns, and economic interests often interact with human rights norms, leading to a spectrum of policy outcomes. Moreover, the role of international institutions and mechanisms, including regional human rights bodies and international courts, cannot be understated. These institutions contribute to the enforcement of international human rights law and provide avenues for individuals and organizations to challenge states' immigration policies that violate human rights standards.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Constructivism theory, Rationale Choice theory and the Institutionalism theory may be used to anchor future studies on international human rights laws. The study made the following recommendations: firstly, the enhancement of awareness and education, strengthening accountability mechanisms, promotion of regional cooperation, capacity building, and research and monitoring. The role of international human rights law in shaping national immigration policies is a dynamic and evolving area that requires continued attention and commitment from the global community. By recognizing the fundamental importance of human rights in immigration policies and implementing the recommendations outlined above, nations can strive for more just and humane immigration systems that protect the rights and dignity of all individuals, regardless of their immigration status.
International Human Rights Law and the Protection of Refugees in the Modern World
Authors: Nkrumah Joe 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to explore international human rights law and protection of refugees in the modern world.
Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.
Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to international human rights law and the protection of refugees in the modern world. Preliminary empirical review revealed that while international human rights law serves as a fundamental cornerstone for refugee protection, it is essential to bridge the gap between legal norms and practical implementation. Enhancing the protection of refugees in the modern world requires continued research, advocacy, and concerted efforts at the international, regional, and national levels to ensure that refugees are afforded the rights and dignity they deserve as they seek safety and refuge in an increasingly complex global landscape.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Liberalism theory, Constructivism theory and the Critical theory may be used to anchor future studies on the protection of refugees in the modern world. Recommendations made by the study include the following: strengthening implementation and compliance, enhancing regional and international cooperation, addressing root causes and prevention and engaging in legal reforms and adaptation.
Criminal Justice Reform and Racial Disparities
Authors: Mahamba Fezhike 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to explore the relationship between criminal justice reform and racial disparities.
Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.
Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to criminal justice reform and racial disparities. Preliminary empirical review revealed that while certain policies and initiatives have shown promise in reducing disparities, there is no one-size-fits-all solution. The research underscores the importance of a holistic approach that considers the interplay of various factors, including policing practices, sentencing policies, economic opportunities, and community engagement. It is evident that meaningful change will require a coordinated effort from policymakers, law enforcement agencies, communities, and advocates.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Critical Race theory, Social Disorganization and Strain theory may be used to anchor future studies on criminal justice reforms. The study made the following recommendations: comprehensive criminal justice reforms, implicit bias training and accountability measures, community policing and engagement, diversion programs and alternatives to incarceration and data-driven decision making and research.
KEUNIKAN SISTEM PENDIDIKAN DI CHINA
Authors: Iir Siti Baitir Rohimah , Alam Abdal Malik Fajar 
Published: December 2023

The need to research and evaluate the characteristics of educational systems in various states arises from the contemporary internationalization of education processes. The prominence of Chinese education, as well as our strong relationship and collaborative efforts with the PRC, led us to examine the distinctive characteristics of the Chinese educational framework. Traditional cultural and spiritual norms also define the Chinese educational system and the world's most popular educational trends. Because China is experiencing tremendous economic expansion, the country need highly skilled specialists, which means high-quality and inexpensive education. This calls for reforming the current educational system. The value and status of education are growing across all demographic groups. Educational institutions carry out a wide range of educational tasks in addition to teaching youngsters. Since embracing the Soviet pedagogy system in general, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has undergone various phases of educational reform since 1978. These have included restoring the school system, elevating the status of teachers, and enhancing the standard and accessibility of education for the general public. We have examined the current Chinese educational system in this article, which consists of preschool, school, and higher education.

KEYWORDS
Education, System, Tiongkok
STRATEGI POLITIK EMMANUEL MACRON DALAM MEMENANGKAN SUARA MUSLIM DI PEMILU PRANCIS 2017
Authors: Fahmi Ami Abdullah , Anggia Priska , Mulyana Agus 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
One third of Muslims in the European Union are in France. The development of Muslims in France is inseparable from Muslim immigrants from predominantly Muslim countries such as Tunisia, Morocco and Algeria. Islam is the second largest religion in France. So it can be one of the factors to win elections in France if candidates can win the hearts and votes of Muslims in France. This article will explain Emmanuel Macron's political strategy towards Muslims in France in the 2017 elections. The purpose of this research is to provide political views and effective political strategies to win the sympathy of Muslims in minority countries in Europe. The methodology used in writing this research is historical research methodology and in this research, researchers focus on library sources or library research, which is research that reveals facts through library data. The search results from various scientific studies reveal that in 2017 Emmanuel Macron won a landslide victory in the French elections defeating Le Pen with a presentation of 66.10 quoted from the Vie Punlique page published by the French Government's Department of Legal Information and Administration. and won the hearts of Muslim votes with a presentation of 92%. The strategy made by Emmanuel Macron was to make his image very good in front of French Muslims with his speeches during the election depicting that he was pro-Muslim and could provide a better life for French Muslims
KEYWORDS
Emmanuel Macron, French Muslims, political strategic
CLINICAL FEATURES OF MAJOR SCALP DEFECTS AT MILITARY CENTRAL HOSPITAL 108
Authors: Le Diep Linh , Nguyen Thu Phuong 
Published: December 2023

Objectives: describe the clinical features of major scalp defects requiring surgery. Materials and methods: The above cross-sectional descriptive study included 16 patients with major scalp defects who received surgery at Center of Craniofacial and Plastic Surgery, Military Central Hospital 108 from September 2016 to April 2021. Participants were taken medical history, received clinical examination, and measured their defect sizes to record research indices. Results: Participants had an average age of 61 years old, male/female ratio = 1/1; 81.25% of them had comorbid chronic systemic diseases. The most common cause of the defects was scalp cancer, which accounted for 75%. The defects had an average area of 84.4cm2 and mainly located in the occipital region which occurred in 87.5% of patients, alone or combined with other regions, 100% of patients had to been removed the periosteum. Conclusions: Major scalp defects were mainly seen in elderly people with an average age of 61 years old, the ratio of male to female was equal. Chronic diseases accounted for 81.25%, the main cause was scalp cancer and accounted for 75%, common clinical symptoms were vegetations, ulcers, periosteal loss and defects mainly occurred in compression regions.
EVALUATING GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE IN LIVING KIDNEY DONORS IN VIET DUC HOSPITAL
Authors: Le Nguyen Vu , Nguyen Thi Hong , Nguyen Minh An 
Published: December 2023

Summary: One of the most important goals of kidney transplantation from a living kidney donor is to ensure that the function of the transplanted kidney as well as to preserve the function of the kidney donor. An ideal GFR test that ensures high accuracy, simplicity, safety, and economic efficiency is 24-hour Creatinine clearance in the assessment of living kidney donor. Objective: To achieve that, the evaluation of GFR in living kidney donors. Patients and Methods: Retrospective study (retrospective from January 2022 to December 2022. Research variables : sex, age, age group, BMI, arterial blood pressure. Evaluating Glomerular Filtration Rate in living kidney donors. CrCl 24h of each age group, CrCl 24h distribution by age groups in percentiles, Serum creatinine concentration, CrCl 24h distribution by BMI, Height, Weight groups. Results: in this study including 65 male and 73 female, accounts for 47.1% and 52.9%, respectively. the average age of 34.283 ± 7.605. The age groups distribution of this study population is mostly focused on the under 40 age groups (82.6%). The differences of height, weight, BMI, BSA between the two sexes are statistically significant (p < 0.05). The BMI difference is not a statistically significant between male and female (p > 0.05). CrCl24h (ml/min) (uncorrected after BSA) average is 106.964 ± 11.106 (minimum: 77.845, maximum: 136.503). The differences in ClCr24h by sexes, BMI groups, height groups, and weight groups of living kidney donors are statistically significant when CrCl24h (ml/min) is not corrected after BSA (p < 0.05). After corrected, the average CrCl24h is 113.071 ± 9.747 (ml/min/1.73m2) (minimum: 91.000, maximum: 140.000), The differences in ClCr24h by sexes, BMI groups, height groups, and weight groups are not statistically significant anymore (p > 0.05). The difference of CrCl 24h between age groups is not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: CrCl24h (ml/min) average is the average CrCl24h is 113.071 ± 9.747 (ml/min/1.73m2) (minimum: 91.000, maximum: 140.000), The differences in ClCr24h by sexes, BMI groups, height groups, and weight groups are not statistically significant anymore.
STUDY ON POTENTIAL RISK FACTORS OF CEREBRAL STROKE IN PATIENTS TREATED IN DUC GIANG GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2020
Authors: Ngo Thi Hieu Minh , Dang Van Xuyen , Nguyen Huy Nga 
Published: December 2023

Stroke is the leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. It is thus critical to recognize potential risk factor of cerebral stroke to prevent or minimize morbidity and mortality. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study on 131 patients with stroke in Duc Giang general hospital in 2020. The finding of 131 patients with stroke: 57,25% ischemic stroke and 42,75% hemorrhagic stroke; 28,24% right side paralysis, 22,14% left side paralysis and 3.05% complete paralysis. The result also showed potential risk factors of stroke including: male gender (56,49%), over 60 years of age (66,41%), alcohol consumption (53,44%), current smoking (49,62%), diabetes (23,66%), high blood cholesterol (64,89%), high blood pressure (72,52%), heart disease (15,27%), renal disease (9,16%), infectious disease (21,37%) and thrombophilia (15,27%). As a result, we need solutions to prevent stroke especially among elderly people and people with high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN POTENTIAL AND IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Adebayo Olusegun Aderibigbe  , Peter Efosa Ohenhen  , Nwabueze Kelvin Nwaobia  , Joachim Osheyor Gidiagba  , Emmanuel Chigozie Ani  
Published: December 2023

This paper examines the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in developing countries, focusing on bridging the gap between its vast potential and effective implementation. As AI technologies advance globally, their impact on socio-economic development becomes increasingly critical, particularly in regions with diverse challenges and opportunities. The study investigates the current landscape of AI adoption in developing countries, analyzing the potential benefits, challenges, and ethical considerations. Through a comprehensive review of literature and case studies, the paper explores strategies and solutions for harnessing AI's transformative power in diverse sectors such as healthcare, agriculture, and education. The findings emphasize the importance of capacity building, public-private partnerships, and tailored policy frameworks to address infrastructure limitations and skill gaps. The research contributes to a nuanced understanding of the opportunities and complexities surrounding AI implementation in developing countries, providing insights for policymakers, practitioners, and scholars seeking to navigate this evolving technological landscape
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Global Connectivity; Emerging Technologies; Organizational Resilience; Sustainable Growth; Developing Country.
MULHERES NEGRAS E A JUSTIÇA REPRODUTIVA DIREITOS SEXUAIS E REPRODUTIVOS DE FORMA AMPLIADA JUSTIÇA SOCIAL
Authors: Miranda Maria Lucilia Morais de , Nascimento Adriana Galvão do , Lemos Junior Eloy Pereira 
Published: December 2023

Este artigo examina os direitos sexuais e reprodutivos, das Mulheres Negras, que é elemento fundamental para a justiça social e, políticas públicas para o combate a violência, visto que as mulheres negras, no Brasil, são as principais vítimas, em decorrência da raça, cor e classe social, ficando-as expostas devido a sua vulnerabilidade, sendo foco entre as políticas de natalidade e as de controle populacional, submetidas a violação de direitos por parte do Estado, a exemplo da política eugênica de esterilização que diminuía a natalidade.
CRESCIMENTO ÓSSEO ASSOCIADO A PRF
Authors: Gois Alana Cabral , Nogueira Ledson Sampaio 
Published: December 2023

A fibrina rica em plaquetas é um agregado plaquetário que acelera a cicatrização e regeneração de tecidos orais sendo considerado um material promissor em processos de reconstrução óssea. Objetivo: o presente trabalho tem a finalidade de pontuar as características, vantagens e desvantagens do PRF no crescimento ósseo de maxilas atróficas e mandíbulas. Metodologia: Foi realizado uma busca na literatura sobre o tema, em base de dados, como: Google acadêmico, Pubmed e Scielo. Foram utilizados artigos da língua inglesa e portuguesa, publicados nos últimos 25 anos. Resultados: encontrados demonstraram fatores positivos para o PRF, por ser um biomaterial autólogo diminui o risco de infecções além de acelerar formação de novo osso. Conclusão: Foi comprovado que o PRF apresenta propriedades que auxiliam na formação óssea , contudo em defeitos ósseos extensos é necessário a associação a algum tipo de enxerto. Ainda assim , o uso da fibrina rica em plaquetas apresenta vantagens por minimizar as taxas de morbidade; a necessidade de enxerto e os custos para o paciente .
Analisis Faktor- Faktor Penempatan Aparatur Sipil Negara dalam Jabatan Pimpinan Tinggi di Kabupaten Muna
Authors: Qairul La Ode Muhammad Ghino Hidayat 
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini mengenai faktor-faktor penempatan ASN dalam Jabatan Pimpinan Tinggi di Kabupaten Muna.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Proses Penempatan aparatur sipil negara pada jabatan pimpinan tinggi yang dilakukan di Kantor Badan Kepegawaian dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Kabupaten Muna. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif yang mendeskripsikan data yang didapat di lapangan. Data-data yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dengan informan yaitu beberapa pegawai dikantor BKPSDM dan salah satu pegawai yang telah mengikuti assessment tetapi tidak terpilih, yang kemudian data-data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis dan ditarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pembahasan yang telah diuraikan, bahwa Penempatan Aparatur Sipil Negara dalam jabatan pimpinan tinggi di BKPSDM Kabupaten Muna belum cukup baik, dimana dalam penempatan pegawai di Kabupaten Muna dijalankan menurut aturan-aturan yang berlaku namun masih menggunakan faktor kedekatan dan faktor politik dengan pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan, dan masih terdapat permasalahan-permasalahan yang masih memerlukan perhatian lebih dari pihak-pihak terkait dalam penempatan Aparatur Sipil Negara.
Kata kunci : Aparatur Sipil Negara, Faktor-Faktor Penempatan, Jabatan.
Penerapan Strategi Intensifikasi dan Ekstensifikasi Pajak Daerah Dalam Rangka Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah Pada Badan Pendapatan Daerah Kabupaten Konawe Utara Tahun 2020
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad Yusril 
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan Strategi Intensifikasi dan Ekstensifikasi Pajak Daerah Dalam Rangka Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah Pada Badan Pendapatan Daerah Kabupaten Konawe Utara Tahun 2020. Lokasi penelitian bertempat di Badan Pendapatan Daerah Kabupaten Konawe Utara. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Informan penelitian yaitu Kepala Badan Pendapatan Daerah, Kepala Bagian Pajak Daerah, Kasubid Pendataan dan Penetapan Pajak Daerah, dan Kasubid Pajak Pendapatan Daerah yang ditentukan dengan cara purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan metode analisis interaktif yang mencakup pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan pengambilan kesimpulan.Hasil penelitian ini bahwa penerapan strategi intensifikasi dimana pelaksanaan pemungutan pajak yang dilakukan oleh petugas untuk membangun komunikasi serta melakukan pemantauan dan pemberian Insentif (rangsangan) oleh aparat pemungut pajak kepada aparat pengelola PAD yang dapat melebihi target pendapatan pajak yang telah di tetapkan. Dan penerapan strategi ekstensifikasi dimana penyusunan kebijakan dan strategi pengembangan terkait obyek pungutan baru yang kemudian di peroritaskan kepada pajak daerah, kebijakan dan strategi ini tetapkan dan di jabarkan dalam peraturan daerah. Perencanaan PERDA tentang sumber-sumber pajak daerah memiliki potensi untuk melakukan pemungutan pajak, agar sumber-sumber pajak daerah yang memiliki potensi bisa terjaring dan dipungut sesuai dengan peraturan yang telah di tetapkan. Terdapat Sumber-sumber pajak daerah yang lebih banyak berkontribusi dalam peningkatan pajak daerah di Tahun 2020 yakni pajak restoran dengan realisasi sebanyak 453,17% terhadap target yang telah di tetapkan, sedangkan sumber pajak daerah yang lebih sedikit memberikan kontribusi ada pada pajak PBB P2 dengan realisasi hanya 12,36%.Kata kunci :Strategi, Intensifikasi dan Ekstensifikasi, Pajak Daerah
Pemberdayaan UMKM Perempuan Indonesia Melalui Program Inkubasi Bisnis W20 Berbasis Digital tahun 2022
Authors: Wahyudi Rezky , Adim Pradana Hafid 
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini membahas tentang program pemberdayaan perempuan hasil kolaborasi Women 20, Kementerian Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak Republik Indonesia (Kemenpppa) dan XL Axiata selama Indonesia menjabat menjadi presidensi G20 tahun 2022. Program pemberdayaan perempuan ini bernama program inkubasi bisnis W20 berbasis digital. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat tentang penting sinergi antara pemberdayaan perempuan dan literasi digital. Peneltian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik library research dengan pendekatan triangualsi sumber, yaitu sebuah pendekatan yang dilakukan guna menguji keabsahan data dengan cara deep research pada sumber-sumber pustaka lainnya guna mendapatkan hasil yang valid. Data-data ini kemudian peneliti relevansikan dengan konsep pemberdayaan perempuan dan konsep literasi digital. Berdasarkan data-data yang peneliti dapatkan, program inkubasi bisnis W20 diimplementasikan melalui pendampingaan bisnis, akses modal, pemasaran produk dan segala hal yang dapat bermanfaat bagi produktivitas perempuan pelaku UMKM di Indonesia. Program pemberian modal dan program pemberdayaan UMKM perempuan ini akan terus berkesinambungan dan dapat diakses melalui halam web sisternet.co.id
Kata kunci : Inkubasi Bisnis W20, literasi digital, pemberdayaan perempuan, UMKM