bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anchoring Fe Species on the Highly Curved Surface of S and N Co‐Doped Carbonaceous Nanosprings for Oxygen Electrocatalysis and a Flexible Zinc‐Air Battery
Authors: Wang Yanzhi , Yang Taimin , Fan Xing , Bao Zijia , Tayal Akhil , Tan Huang , Shi Mengke , Liang Zuozhong , Zhang Wei , Lin Haiping , Cao Rui , Huang Zhehao , Zheng Haoquan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is of critical significance in the advancement of fuel cells and zinc‐air batteries. The iron‐nitrogen (Fe−Nx) sites exhibited exceptional reactivity towards ORR. However, the task of designing and controlling the local structure of Fe species for high ORR activity and stability remains a challenge. Herein, we have achieved successful immobilization of Fe species onto the highly curved surface of S, N co‐doped carbonaceous nanosprings (denoted as FeNS/Fe3C@CNS). The induction of this twisted configuration within FeNS/Fe3C@CNS arose from the assembly of chiral templates. For electrocatalytic ORR tests, FeNS/Fe3C@CNS exhibits a half‐wave potential (E1/2) of 0.91 V in alkaline medium and a E1/2 of 0.78 V in acidic medium. The Fe single atoms and Fe3C nanoparticles are coexistent and play as active centers within FeNS/Fe3C@CNS. The highly curved surface, coupled with S substitution in the coordination layer, served to reduce the energy barrier for ORR, thereby enhancing the intrinsic catalytic activity of the Fe single‐atom sites. We also assembled a wearable flexible Zn‐air battery using FeNS/Fe3C@CNS as electrocatalysts. This work provides new insights into the construction of highly curved surfaces within carbon materials, offering high electrocatalytic efficacy and remarkable performance for flexible energy conversion devices.
Delving into the Variability of Supramolecular Affinity: Self‐Ion Pairing as a Central Player in Aqueous Host‐Guest Chemistry
Authors: Gómez‐González Borja , Basílio Nuno , Vaz Belén , Pérez‐Lorenzo Moisés , García‐Río Luis 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe determination of binding constants is a key matter in evaluating the strength of host–guest interactions. However, the profound impact of self‐ion pairing on this parameter is often underrated in aqueous solution, leading in some cases to a misinterpretation of the true potential of supramolecular assemblies. In the present study, we aim to shed further light on this critical factor by exploring the concentration‐dependent behavior of a multicharged pillararene in water. Our observations reveal an extraordinary 1‐million‐fold variability in the affinity of this macrocycle toward a given anion, showcasing the highly dynamic character of electrostatic interactions. We argue that these findings bring to the forefront the inherent determinism that underlies the estimation of affinity constants, a factor profoundly shaped by both the sensitivity of the instrumental technique in use and the intricacies of the experimental design itself. In terms of applications, these results may provide the opportunity to optimize the operational concentrations of multicharged hosts in different scenarios, aiming to achieve their maximum efficiency based on the intended application. Unlocking the potential of this hidden variability may pave the way for the creation of novel molecular materials with advanced functionalities.
Simple Molecules under High‐Pressure and High‐Temperature Conditions: Synthesis and Characterization of α‐ and β‐C(NH)2 with Fully sp3‐Hybridized Carbon
Authors: Koller Thaddäus J. , Jin Siyu , Krol Viktoria , Ambach Sebastian J. , Ranieri Umbertoluca , Khandarkhaeva Saiana , Spender James , McWilliams Stewart , Trybel Florian , Giordano Nico , Poreba Tomasz , Mezouar Mohamed , Kuang Xiaoyu , Lu Cheng , Dubrovinsky Leonid , Dubrovinskaia Natalia , Hermann Andreas , Schnick Wolfgang , Laniel Dominique 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe elements hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen are among the most abundant in the solar system. Still, little is known about the ternary compounds these elements can form under the high‐pressure and high‐temperature conditions found in the outer planets’ interiors. These materials are also of significant research interest since they are predicted to feature many desirable properties such as high thermal conductivity and hardness due to strong covalent bonding networks. In this study, the high‐pressure high‐temperature reaction behavior of malononitrile H2C(CN)2, dicyandiamide (H2N)2C=NCN, and melamine (C3N3)(NH2)3 was investigated in laser‐heated diamond anvil cells. Two previously unknown compounds, namely α‐C(NH)2 and β‐C(NH)2, have been synthesized and found to have fully sp3‐hybridized carbon atoms. α‐C(NH)2 crystallizes in a distorted β‐cristobalite structure, while β‐C(NH)2 is built from previously unknown imide‐bridged 2,4,6,8,9,10‐hexaazaadamantane units, which form two independent interpenetrating diamond‐like networks. Their stability domains and compressibility were studied, for which supporting density functional theory calculations were performed.
Flexible piezoelectric sensor based on polyacrylonitrile/MWCNT/MXene composites films for human physiological health detection
Authors: Zhang Jiyan , Wang Zihan , Huang Yan , Pi Xuefeng , Wu Yibo , Shi Qisong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFlexible piezoelectric sensors combine advantages including low‐cost, flexibility, multi‐functions, present a huge market prospect. In this research, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)/MXene/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) piezoelectric composites films for flexible piezoelectric sensors are fabricated by electrospinning technology, the planar zigzag conformation content of 97.98% in PAN composite fibers is achieved owing to the synergistic effect of MWCNT and MXene, the synergistic effect of MWCNT and MXene nanoparticles can also efficiently promote the mechanical performance and piezoelectric output. The piezoelectric sensor exhibits fast response time (10.21 ms), a possible mechanism is proposed to explain the improvement of piezoelectric effect. The sensor can measure human pulse, distinguish human movements, the fabricated sensor has broad practical value in the field of healthcare, its' use can contribute to stable and accurate measurements of physiological parameters, enabling applications in various healthcare and fitness monitoring scenarios.
Transient performance improvement of DFIG‐based wind farm by H‐bridge fault current limiter
Authors: Hossain Md. Arafat , Hasan Jakir , Upadhay Arghya Das , Haque Md. Yah‐Ya Ul , Islam Md. Rashidul 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite the unique advantages a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) offers to the grid‐integrated renewable energy systems, they have a limitation of being susceptible to grid fault as their stator windings are directly connected to the grid. The fault current limiters (FCLs) provide a sustainable solution by enhancing the fault ride‐through capability and thus it improve the transient performance of a DFIG. In this work, a multi‐inductor‐based H‐bridge fault current limiter (HBFCL) is proposed to augment the transient performance of a DFIG. The operational efficacy of the HBFCL is evaluated through the administration of both symmetrical and asymmetrical fault scenarios. The effectiveness of the HBFCL is further investigated by comparing the performance of the HBFCL with that of the bridge‐type series dynamic braking resistor (BSDBR). Both the graphical and numerical interpretations of the simulation result assert that the HBFCL improves the transient performance of a DFIG‐based wind farm and outweighs the performance of the BSDBR in all aspects.
Introduction of a Chiral Biphenanthrene‐Diol Unit to Achieve Circularly Polarized Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence
Authors: Lei Jian , Lou Ting‐An , Chen Chong‐Rui , Chuang Chia‐Hsiang , Liu Hau‐Yu , Hsu Liang‐Yan , Chao Yu‐Chiang , Wu Tien‐Lin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCircularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials are promising candidates for future display technology. However, such highly efficient emitters suffer from the issues of difficult chiral separation and low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). In this work, the chiral 4,4′‐biphenanthrene‐3,3′‐diol (BIPOL) unit was introduced into a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) framework for the first time. We presented two series of enantiomers, R/S‐o‐DCzBPNCN and R/S‐p‐DCzBPNCN, and the synthesis of enantiopure BIPOL can be prepared via normal column chromatography. Notably, o‐DCzBPNCN showed narrow singlet‐triplet gap of 0.05 eV, efficient TADF, and high PLQYs of 82 % in doped films. In addition, R/S‐o‐DCzBPNCN exhibited high luminescence dissymmetry factor (gPL) values of −1.94×10−2/+1.91×10−2 in doped films. The strategy of BIPOL introduction offers a new approach to organic emitters with stereospecific synthesis, TADF, and chiroptical properties.
Aspirin boosts the synergistic effect of EGFR/p53 inhibitors on lung cancer cells by regulating AKT/mTOR and p53 pathways
Authors: Liu Zhen , Cui Li , Wang Jinyao , Zhao Wanshun , Teng Yuou 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe regimen of afatinib and vinorelbine has been used to treat breast or lung cancer cells with some limitations. Aspirin alone or in combination with other agents has shown unique efficacy in the treatment of cancer. We designed a preclinical study to investigate whether the triple therapy of aspirin, afatinib, and vinorelbine could synergistically inhibit the growth of p53 wild‐type nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Three NSCLC cells A549, H460, and H1975 were selected to study the effect of triple therapy on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Compared to single agents, triple therapy synergistically inhibited the proliferation of lung cancer cells with combination index <1. Meanwhile, the therapeutic index of triple therapy was superior to that of single agents, indicating a balance between efficacy and safety in the combination of three agents. Mechanistic studies showed that triple therapy significantly induced apoptosis by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential, increasing reactive oxygen species, and regulating mitochondria‐related proteins. Moreover, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) downstream signaling proteins including JNK, AKT, and mTOR were dramatically suppressed and p53 was substantially increased after NSCLC cells were exposed to the triple therapy. We provided evidence that the triple therapy of aspirin, afatinib and vinorelbine synergistically inhibited lung cancer cell growth through inactivation of the EGFR/AKT/mTOR pathway and accumulation of p53, providing a new treatment strategy for patients with p53 wild‐type NSCLC.
14‐3‐3‐η interacts with BCL‐2 to protect human endothelial progenitor cells from ox‐LDL‐triggered damage
Authors: Zhou Hui , Sun Xiaopei , Dai Yi , Wang Xiaotong , Dai Zhihong , Li Xiuli 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL) causes dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and we recently reported that 14‐3‐3‐η can attenuate the damage triggered by ox‐LDL in EPCs. However, the molecular mechanisms by which 14‐3‐3‐η protects EPCs from the damage caused by ox‐LDL are not fully understood. In this study, we observed that the expression of 14‐3‐3‐η and BCL‐2 were downregulated in ox‐LDL‐treated EPCs. Overexpression of 14‐3‐3‐η in ox‐LDL‐treated EPC significantly increased BCL‐2 level, while knockdown of BCL‐2 reduced 14‐3‐3‐η expression and mitigated the protective effect of 14‐3‐3‐η on EPCs. In addition, we discovered that 14‐3‐3‐η colocalizes and interacts with BCL‐2 in EPCs. Taken together, these data suggest that 14‐3‐3‐η protects EPCs from ox‐LDL‐induced damage by its interaction with BCL‐2.
The potential role of stem cells‐derived extracellular vesicles in the treatment of musculoskeletal system diseases
Authors: Li Zhuo , Hou Demiao , Tang Zijin , Xiong Lishun , Yan Yiguo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe therapeutic potential of stem cells‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) has shown a great progress in the regenerative medicine. EVs are rich in a variety of bioactive substances, which are important carriers of signal transmission and interactions between cells, and they play an important role in the processes of tissue repair and regeneration. Several studies have shown that stem cells‐derived EVs regulate immunity, promote cell proliferation and differentiation, enhance bone and vascular regeneration, and play an increasingly important role in musculoskeletal system. This review aimed to describe the biological characteristics of stem cells‐derived EVs and discuss their potential role in the therapy of musculoskeletal system diseases.
Interconnected Digital Solutions to Accelerate Modeling of the Reaction Kinetics in Catalysis
Authors: Chacko Rinu , Gossler Hendrik , Angeli Sofia , Deutschmann Olaf 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMicrokinetic modeling is a widely used tool in the domain of heterogeneous catalysis to gain valuable insights about the fundamental surface kinetics, crucial to designing improved catalysts. The development of a microkinetic model is a multi‐step process that demands expertise, a wide variety of experimental techniques, substantial computational resources, and extensive time and effort. In light of these challenges, automation within catalysis research is becoming increasingly important to allow exploration of a broader range of catalytic systems in a shorter timeframe. To this extent, a variety of digital tools and software have been developed to accelerate the development of microkinetic models. This work aims to highlight a selection of these tools that address the various challenges confronting the researchers in this field. These tools address diverse aspects, from the efficient storage of research data that allows easy retrieval and reuse, to the establishment of automated workflows that harness state‐of‐the‐art numerical solvers and algorithms that reduce manual effort. Through the use of automation, these aim to expedite and streamline the development and validation of models for catalytic systems, thereby reducing errors and increasing efficiency.
Trends und Herausforderungen bei der Entwicklung von Wasserstoffmotoren
Authors: Kubach Heiko , Bucherer Manuel , Gerber David , Grüninger Moritz , Heinz Alexander , Knapp Sebastian , Koch Thomas , Leimann David , Wagner Uwe , Ziegler Jonathan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAuf dem Weg zu einer klimaneutralen Mobilität können Wasserstoffmotoren vor allem im Bereich der Nutzfahrzeuge einen entscheidenden Beitrag leisten. Die Basistechnologie der Motoren ist bereits vorhanden und kann durch geringe Modifikationen angepasst werden. Der vorliegende Artikel beschreibt Trends bei der Wasserstoffmotorenentwicklung und wie deren Herausforderungen gemeistert werden können. Neben Aspekten der Infrastruktur und des Gesamtfahrzeugkonzepts stehen vor allem die Punkte Gemischbildung, Verbrennung und Emissionen im Fokus.
The influence of sodium alginate on the structural and adsorption properties of resorcinol‐formaldehyde resins and their porous carbon derivatives
Authors: Galaburda Mariia , Szewczuk‐Karpisz Katarzyna , Goncharuk Olena , Siryk Olena , Charmas Barbara , Deryło‐Marczewska Anna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA series of carbon composites were synthesised by carbonisation of resorcinol‐formaldehyde resin mixtures with the addition of different amounts of sodium alginate (SA) and compared with a composite prepared using Na2CO3as a catalyst for the polymerisation reaction. The effect of operating parameters such as SA concentration and polycondensation time on the structural and morphological properties of resorcinol‐formaldehyde resins (RFR) and carbon‐derived composites was investigated for further use as adsorbents. The synthesised composites were characterised by FTIR, SEM, Raman spectroscopy and N2adsorption/desorption techniques. It was found that the morphology, specific surface area (SBET~347‐559 m2/g), volume and particle size distribution (~0.5–4 μm) and porosity (Vpor=0.178–0.348 cm3/g) of the composites were influenced by the concentration of SA and the synthesis technique and determined the adsorption properties of the materials. It was found that the surface of the filled chars was found to have an affinity for heavy metals and has the ability to form chemical bonds with cadmium ions. The maximum sorption capacities for Cd(II), i. e. 13.28 mg/g, were observed for the sample synthesised with the highest SA content. This confirms the statement that as‐synthesised materials are promising adsorbents for environmental applications.
Near‐Infrared Emissive Indolizine Squaraine Fluorophores as Strong Molecular Viscosity Sensors
Authors: Ndaleh David , Meador William E. , Smith Cameron , Friedman Hannah C. , McGuire Madison , Caram Justin R. , Hammer Nathan I. , Delcamp Jared H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChanges in the viscosity of intracellular microenvironments may indicate the onset of diseases like diabetes, blood‐based illnesses, hypertension, and Alzheimer's. To date, monitoring viscosity changes in the intracellular environment remains a challenge with prior work focusing primarily on visible light‐absorbing viscosity sensing fluorophores. Herein, a series of near‐infrared (NIR, 700–1000 nm) absorbing and emitting indolizine squaraine fluorophores (1PhSQ, 2PhSQ, SO3SQ, 1DMASQ, 7DMASQ, and 1,7DMASQ) are synthesized and studied for NIR viscosity sensitivity. 2PhSQ exhibits a very high slope in its Forster‐Hoffmann plot at 0.75 which indicates this dye is a potent viscosity sensor. The properties of the squaraine fluorophores are studied computationally via density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent (TD)‐DFT. Experimentally, both steady‐state and time‐resolved emission spectroscopy, absorption spectroscopy, and electrochemical characterization are conducted on the dyes. Precise photophysical tuning is observed within the series with emission maxima wavelengths as long as 881 nm for 1,7DMASQ and fluorescence quantum yields as high as 39.5 and 72.0 % for 1PhSQ in DCM and THF, respectively. The high tunability of this molecular scaffold renders indolizine squaraine fluorophores excellent prospects as viscosity‐sensitive biological imaging agents with 2PhSQ giving a dramatically higher fluorescence quantum yield (from 0.3 to 37.1 %) as viscosity increases.
Iridium Catalyst Immobilized on Crosslinked Polyethyleneimine for Continuous Hydrogen Production Using Formic Acid
Authors: Sawahara Keito , Tanaka Shinji , Kodaira Tetsuya , Kanega Ryoichi , Kawanami Hajime 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInvited for this month's cover is provided by researchers from National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) in Japan. The image shows the flow type continuous hydrogen production from formic acid and power generation by fuel cell achieved by the iridium catalyst immobilized on crosslinked polyethylene imine. The Research Article itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.202301282.
Prevalence and recurrence of pica behaviors in early childhood within the ALSPAC birth cohort
Authors: Papini Natalie M. , Bulik Cynthia M. , Chawner Samuel J. R. A. , Micali Nadia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe present study examined prevalence and correlates of pica behaviors during childhood using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) study.MethodData on 10,109 caregivers from the ALSPAC study who reported pica behavior at 36, 54, 65, 77, and 115 months on their child were included. Autism was obtained through clinical and education records, while DD was derived from the Denver Developmental Screening Test.ResultsA total of 312 parents (3.08%) reported pica behaviors in their child. Of these, 19.55% reported pica at least at two waves (n = 61). Pica was most common at 36 months (N = 226; 2.29%) and decreased as children aged. A significant association was found between pica and autism at all five waves (p < .001). There was a significant relationship between pica and DD, with individuals with DD more likely to experience pica than those without DD at 36 (p = .01), and 54 (p < .001), 65 (p = .04), 77 (p < .001), and 115 months (p = .006). Exploratory analyses examined pica behaviors with broader eating difficulties and child body mass index.DiscussionThis study enhances understanding of childhood pica behaviors, addressing a significant gap in knowledge. Pica occurrence in the general population is poorly understood due to few epidemiological studies. Findings from the present study indicate pica is an uncommon behavior in childhood; however, children with DD or autism may benefit from pica screening and diagnosis between ages 36 and 115 months. Children who exhibit undereating, overeating, and food fussiness may also engage in pica behaviors.
Application of chitosan‐based chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) hull polysaccharides edible coating on cherry tomatoes preservation
Authors: Akhtar Hafiz Muhammad Saleem , Shah Tawaf Ali , Hamed Yahya Saud , Abdin Mohamed , Ullah Samee , Shaukat Faryal , Abdullah Zunair , Saeed Muhammad Tariq 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBio‐active food coating having natural antioxidants has attained great attention these days. Polysaccharides extracted from bacteria, fungi, and plants are considered rich in antioxidant biomolecules. Chickpea hull which is a food waste material contains a substantial quantity of antioxidants and bioactive compounds. In this study, chitosan (CS)‐based chickpea hull polysaccharides (CHPS) edible coating of cherry tomatoes was successfully fabricated. Cherry tomatoes were characterized in terms of physico‐chemical characteristics and shelf life. In comparison to the control, it was discovered that the CS‐incorporated CHPS coatings were successful at lowering the respiratory activity, total soluble solids, total polyphenols, firmness, weight loss, lycopene content, and vitamin C as well as improving the fruit's overall acceptability. The dose dependence of each of these effects was noticed. Conclusively, using CS‐incorporated CHPS coatings could preserve the shelf life of cherry tomatoes. A useful and different approach to enhance the postharvest quality of cherry tomatoes is to utilize CS‐CHPS composite coatings.