bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Valence and Distribution of Manganese Ions in Ferrospinels
Authors: Miller Arthur 
Published: June 2005

Anomalous values of the magnetic moments observed for ferrospinels containing manganese have suggested that on octahedrally ligated spinel sites the ion pair [Fe+2Mn+3] is more stable than [Fe+3Mn+2]. Such behavior is opposed to that observed in aqueous solutions, and to what is usually expected in oxidic compounds. The magnetic measurements, however, cannot be interpreted unequivocally,since they can also be explained by invoking spin quenching, or deviations from the simple antiparallel spin-only coupling scheme such as Yafet-Kittel angular coupling.
A crystallographic rather than a magnetic criterion was devised to elucidate the valence behavior in these compounds. When a sufficient fraction of the octahedrally ligated spinel sites are occupied by Mn+3, a macroscopic tetragonal distortion, due to the Jahn-Teller effect, occurs. For appropriately selected spinel systems,the compositions for which this distortion is observable at room temperature depend on whether [Fe+3Mn+2] or [Fe+2Mn+3]are the stably coexisting species. Various compositions in the system Zn1−0.5xGe0.5x[FexMn2−x]O4 were synthesized, and x-ray powder diffraction photographs were made to determine whether they were cubic or tetragonal. The findings confirmed that the stable ion pair on octahedrally ligated sites is indeed [Fe+2Mn+3]. Furthermore, the axial ratios observed for the tetragonal compositions are in good agreement with those calculated by Wojtowicz,provided that the valence assignment [Fe+2Mn+3] is assumed. The reversal of valence stability can be explained reasonably as arising from crystal field effects.
There is evidence that on octahedrally ligated spinel sites at elevated temperatures, and on tetrahedrally ligated sites, the ion pair [Fe+3Mn+2] is more stable than [Fe+2Mn+3]. The method of predicting the actual valence and ionic distributions in manganese-containing ferrospinels is discussed.
A 10‐day levofloxacin‐based triple therapy in patients who have failed two eradication courses
Authors: GATTA L. , ZULLO A. , PERNA F. , RICCI C. , DE FRANCESCO V. , TAMPIERI A. , BERNABUCCI V. , CAVINA M. , HASSAN C. , IERARDI E. , MORINI S. , VAIRA D. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractBackground : A standard third‐line treatment is lacking, and European guidelines recommend performing culture in these patients. However, the use of this procedure as ‘routine practice’ is definitively not feasible.Aim : To evaluate the eradication rate of a 10‐day levofloxacin‐based triple therapy in patients who have failed two eradication courses for Helicobacter pylori.Methods : A total of 151 patients with persistent Helicobacter pylori infection after two treatments were studied. Patients were considered positive if two of three endoscopic tests were positive. Susceptibility testing was also performed. Patients received a standard dose of proton‐pump inhibitors twice daily, levofloxacin 250 mg twice daily and amoxicillin 1 g twice daily, for 10 days. Endoscopic follow‐up was carried out 4–6 weeks after the end of eradication therapy.Results : About 76% (95% CI: 68.8–82.3), and 85% (95% CI: 77.5–89.7) of patients were eradicated according to intention‐to‐treat and per‐protocol analysis, respectively. Eradication rates of the strains showed as 92% (95% CI: 83.2–96.7) of those resistant to both metronidazole and clarithromycin but susceptible to levofloxacin.Conclusions : In patients who failed previous regimens, the 10‐day levofloxacin‐based triple therapy is safe and effective, allowing eradication in almost 80% of the patients.
Patient management of long‐term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion
Authors: Johansson Unn‐Britt , Adamson Ulf , Lins Per‐Eric , Wredling Regina 
Published: June 2005

Aim.  This paper reports a study of patients’ current practice with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusions, particularly with respect to the management of the pump.Background.  Successful implementation of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion requires a motivated patient with a range of technical skills and self‐management capabilities. The therapy should be prescribed, implemented and monitored by a skilled professional team familiar with it and capable of supporting the patient.Methods.  A questionnaire was mailed to 102 continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion treated patients at a Swedish university hospital with experience of pump treatment for at least 6 months.Results.  The questionnaire was answered by 88% of the patients, 53 women and 37 men, aged 22–71 years with a duration of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion use of between 7 months and 19 years. The changing interval for soft infusion set ranged from 2·0 to 10·0 days (mean 4·8) and for metal needles from 1·5 to 7·5 days (mean 3·8), P = 0·001. Catheter occlusions were significantly more often reported in patients with presence of bleeding at the infusion site (P = 0·011) and among those using insulin lispro (P = 0·032).Conclusions.  Patients having long‐term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion should be carefully audited with respect to the management of the insulin pump and its accessories. In patients who frequently experience problems, shorter intervals between changes of infusion sets are strongly advocated and type of insulin preparation may be of importance in some cases.
Testicular‐sparing microsurgery for suspected testicular masses
Authors: Colpi Giovanni Maria , Carmignani Luca , Nerva Franco , Guido Piediferro , Gadda Franco , Castiglioni Fabrizio 
Published: June 2005

OBJECTIVETo describe a microsurgical technique for removing suspected testicular masses with sparing of the testicular parenchyma, and to describe case studies.PATIENTS AND METHODSSix men were referred with testicular lesions (3–6 mm) detected on ultrasonography (US); in one, the lesion was palpable. US showed hypoechoic lesions and in two cases were mixed hypoechoic and anechoic. In these men, the testicular lesion was identified by US before surgery, giving three‐dimensional coordinates to facilitate intraoperative recognition. A traditional inguinal incision was used and the funiculus clamped subinguinally without opening the canal. The testicle was isolated after sectioning the gubernaculum testis. In a separate operative field, an equatorial incision of the albuginea was made in a plane orthogonal to the major axis of the testicle, sparing the subtunical vasa. The parenchymal lobuli were dislodged and the seminiferous tubules dissociated, the nodule identified and completely removed, together with ≈ 1 mm of surrounding healthy tissue. This technique can also be used for microsurgical testicular sperm extraction (MicroTESE), to retrieve sperm in infertile men.RESULTSIn two infertile men MicroTESE was also performed. Histology revealed one case each of seminoma, Leydig‐cell tumour, Leydig cell hyperplasia, atrophy, normality in the incidental forms, and complicated cysts of the albuginea. In the follow‐up for infertility reasons, no scarring was observable on the tunica albuginea in the men who had conservative therapy. One year later the patient with seminoma was free of disease.CONCLUSIONSThe increasingly frequent detection of benign testicular lesions, particularly in infertile men, calls for a surgical approach that must be as conservative as possible for the testicular parenchyma. We think that microsurgery should be the first‐line technique in small suspected testicular lesions in infertile men.
Porcine small intestinal submucosa as a percutaneous mid‐urethral sling: 2‐year results
Authors: Jones J. Stephen , Rackley Raymond R. , Berglund Ryan , Abdelmalak Joseph B. , Deorco Gerard , Vasavada Sandip P. 
Published: June 2005

OBJECTIVETo report the 2‐year follow‐up results on patients treated with a novel minimally invasive outpatient procedure for placing a mid‐urethral sling, using porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS).PATIENTS AND METHODSThirty‐four women with urodynamic evidence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI, 19) or of SUI with a positive cough test (15) were treated. A curved ligature carrier was used to create a tract between bilateral suprapubic stab incisions and a 2‐cm mid‐urethral vaginal incision. A suture secured to each end of the SIS sling was placed through the eyelet of the ligature carrier. Extraction was used to position the sling at the mid‐urethra, providing a backboard of support that was remodelled with ingrowth of the patient's autologous tissue.RESULTSSUI was reportedly cured in 27 of the 34 women (79%) at the 2‐year follow‐up; three (9%) of those with no complete resolution were pleased with their results, because the improvement allowed them to wear an average one or fewer pads per day. One patient developed de novo urge incontinence. Three patients (9%) developed suprapubic inflammation at 10, 21 and 45 days after surgery; all resolved, but one had a recurrence of SUI. No prolonged retention, erosion or other complications were noted.CONCLUSIONSEarly results with the percutaneous mid‐urethral placement of SIS are promising and potentially comparable with those after using synthetic minimally invasive slings.
An updated view of hemostasis: mechanisms of hemostatic dysfuntion associated with sepsis
Authors: Hopper Kate , Bateman Shane 
Published: June 2005

AbstractObjective: To review the current understanding of mechanisms involved in normal hemostasis and to describe the changes associated with pro‐inflammatory disease processes such as sepsis.Data sources: Original research articles and scientific reviews.Human data synthesis: Organ damage caused by sepsis is created in part by the interdependent relationship between hemostasis and inflammation. Markers of coagulation have been found to have prognostic value in human patients with sepsis and there are both experimental and clinical investigations of the therapeutic potential of modulating the hemostatic system in sepsis. Improvement of 28‐day all‐cause mortality in severe sepsis by treatment with recombinant human activated Protein C strongly supports the interdependence of hemostasis and inflammation in the pathophysiology of sepsis.Veterinary data synthesis: Publications reporting clinical evaluation of the hemostatic changes occurring in septic dogs or cats are minimal. Experimental animal models of sepsis reveal significant similarity between human and animal sepsis and may provide relevance to clinical veterinary medicine until prospective clinical evaluations are published.Conclusions: It is now apparent that inflammation and the coagulation system are intimately connected. Understanding this relationship provides some insight into the pathogenesis of the hemostatic changes associated with sepsis. This new updated view of hemostasis may lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches to sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation in veterinary medicine.
Hemchandra's Bharat Sangeet (1870) and the politics of poetry
Authors: Chaudhuri Rosinka 
Published: June 2005

This article intends to examine the legacy of an unabashedly militant Hindu image that the poet Hemchandra Bandyopadhyay inaugurated at the very inception of nationalist and literary discourse in India in a famous poem called Bharat Sangeet (1870). Where was this prescient image, which would become fundamental to a certain type of anti-colonial politics, located in the relationship between nineteenth-century literature, militancy and the political imagination in Bengal? A closer look at the conflicting pressures on the colonised cautions against a teleology which would see this poem as a precursor to a more pernicious strain of later Hindu nationalism while recognising, at the same time, that the dissemination of certain revolutionary ideals through a few influential literary texts inaugurated a philosophy of extremist politics in Bengal that travelled, in no time at all, from the literary arena into life.
Oncolytic measles virus in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas mounts antitumor immune responses in vivo and targets interferon-resistant tumor cells
Authors: Heinzerling Lucie , Künzi Valerie , Oberholzer Patrick A. , Kündig Thomas , Naim Hussein , Dummer Reinhard 
Published: June 2005

AbstractSome cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, (CTCLs) clonal T cells are deficient in interferon signaling, making them promising targets for viral oncolysis. We evaluated cytopathic effects of measles virus (MV) in CTCL. CTCL cell lines and infiltrating lymphocytes in CTCL expressed MV receptors CD150 and CD46. In a phase 1 dose escalation trial a total of 16 injections of live MV, Edmonston-Zagreb vaccine strain, were given intratumorally to 5 patients with CTCL. Patients had antimeasles-serum antibodies and were pretreated with interferon-α to prevent uncontrolled virus spread. The well-tolerated treatment with MV resulted in clinical responses. Evaluation of biopsies, before and at 11 days after injection, by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) demonstrated local viral activity with positive staining for MV nucleoprotein (NP), an increase of the interferon γ (IFN-γ)/CD4 and IFN-γ/CD8 mRNA ratios and a reduced CD4/CD8 ratio. All patients demonstrated an increased antimeasles antibody titer after therapy. The data demonstrate that CTCLs are promising targets for an MV-based oncolytic therapy.
Platelets express functional Toll-like receptor-4
Authors: Andonegui Graciela , Kerfoot Steven M. , McNagny Kelly , Ebbert Kirsten V. J. , Patel Kamala D. , Kubes Paul 
Published: June 2005

AbstractProfound thrombocytopenia occurs in humans with sepsis and in mice administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Growing evidence indicates that platelets may contribute to these abnormalities, but whether that is a direct result of LPS activation of platelets or an indirect result of other inflammatory mechanisms remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that although platelets do not increase P-selectin expression in response to LPS, platelets bind more avidly to fibrinogen under flow conditions in a Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4)-dependent manner. In addition, we find that CD41+ megakaryocytes grown from fetal livers and adult circulating platelets express significant amounts of TLR4. LPS induced thrombocytopenia in wild-type mice but not in TLR4-deficient (TLR4def) mice. Wild-type platelets accumulated in the lungs of wild-type mice in response to LPS; TLR4def platelets did not. However, wild-type platelets did not accumulate in the lungs of LPS-treated TLR4def mice. Neutrophils also accumulated in the lungs, and this preceded platelet accumulation. Neutrophil depletion completely abolished LPS-induced platelet sequestration into the lungs, but platelet depletion did not affect neutrophil accumulation. Thus, our data show for the first time that platelets do express functional levels of TLR4, which contribute to thrombocytopenia through neutrophil-dependent pulmonary sequestration in response to LPS. (Blood. 2005;106:2417-2423)
Profiling dendritic cell maturation with dedicated microarrays
Authors: McIlroy Dorian , Tanguy-Royer Séverine , Le Meur Nolwenn , Guisle Isabelle , Royer Pierre-Joseph , Léger Jean , Meflah Khaled , Grégoire Marc 
Published: June 2005

AbstractDendritic cell (DC) maturation is the process by which immature DC in the periphery differentiate into fully competent antigen-presenting cells that initiate the T cell response. However, DC respond to many distinct maturation stimuli, and different types of mature DC induce qualitatively different T cell responses. As DC maturation involves the coordinated regulation of hundreds of genes, comprehensive assessment of DC maturation status would ideally involve monitoring the expression of all of these transcripts. However, whole-genome microarrays are not well-suited for routine phenotyping of DC, as the vast majority of genes represented on such chips are not relevant to DC biology, and their cost limits their use for most laboratories. We therefore developed a DC-dedicated microarray, or “DC Chip”, incorporating probes for 121 genes up-regulated during DC maturation, 93 genes down-regulated during maturation, 14 DC-specific genes, and 90 other genes with known or probable immune functions. These microarrays were used to study the kinetics of DC maturation and the differences in maturation profiles among five healthy donors after stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-α + polyI:C. Results obtained with the DC Chip were consistent with flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and real-time polymerase chain reaction, as well as previously published data. Furthermore, the coordinated regulation of a cluster of genes (indoleamine dioxygenase, kynureninase, kynurenine monoxygenase, tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase, and 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase) involved in tryptophan metabolism was observed. These data demonstrate the use of the DC Chip for monitoring the molecular processes involved in the orientation of the immune response by DC.
Chemokine expression during development of fibrosis versus resolution in a murine model of granulomatous experimental autoimmune thyroiditis
Authors: Chen Kemin , Wei Yongzhong , Alter Adam , Sharp Gordon C , Braley-Mullen Helen 
Published: June 2005

AbstractSevere granulomatous eperimental autoimmune thyroiditis (G-EAT) in DBA/1 or CBA/J wild type (WT) mice at day 19 progresses to fibrosis by day 35, but severe G-EAT in DBA/1 interferon (IFN)-γ−/− mice or less-severe G-EAT at day 19 in WT mice resolves by day 35. To study the role of chemokines in autoimmune diseases and fibrosis, profiles of chemokines and chemokine receptors were analyzed in DBA/1 WT versus IFN-γ−/− and CBA/J thyroids, which have distinct outcomes of autoimmune inflammation. Gene expression of CXC chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) and CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) paralleled neutrophil infiltration and thyrocyte destruction in DBA/1 WT or CBA/J thyroids, and gene expression of CC chemokine ligand 11 (CCL11), CCL8, and CC chemokine receptor 3 paralleled eosinophil infiltration in IFN-γ−/− thyroids. Gene and protein expression of CXCL10, CXCL9, and CXCR3 was significantly lower in IFN-γ−/− compared with DBA/1 WT thyroids. Moreover, immunostaining showed that CXCL10 was expressed by thyrocytes and inflammatory cells, and strong expression of CXCL10 by thyrocytes was as early as day 7. High expression of CCL2 was only observed in severely destroyed DBA/1 WT or CBA/J thyroids, which would develop fibrosis. Thus, the differential expression of chemokines may direct distinct cellular populations in DBA/1 WT versus IFN-γ−/− thyroids. Up-regulation of CXCL10 by thyrocytes suggests its role in regulating the recruitment of specific subsets of activated lymphocytes to the thyroid during autoimmune inflammation. The early expression of CXCL1, CXCL10, and CCL2 may suggest their involvement in the initiation and perpetuation of disease in severe G-EAT thyroids, which progress to fibrosis.
Phase I Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Study of 17-Allylamino, 17-Demethoxygeldanamycin in Patients With Advanced Malignancies
Authors: Banerji Udai , O'Donnell Anne , Scurr Michelle , Pacey Simon , Stapleton Sarah , Asad Yasmin , Simmons Laura , Maloney Alison , Raynaud Florence , Campbell Maeli , Walton Michael , Lakhani Sunil , Kaye Stanley , Workman Paul , Judson Ian 
Published: June 2005

Purpose To study the toxicity and pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic profile of 17-allylamino, 17- demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) and to recommend a dose for phase II trials. Patients and Methods This was a phase I study examining a once-weekly dosing schedule of 17-AAG. Thirty patients with advanced malignancies were treated. Results The highest dose level reached was 450 mg/m2/week. The dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) encountered were grade 3 diarrhea in three patients (one at 320 mg/m2/week and two at 450 mg/m2/week) and grade 3 to 4 hepatotoxicity (AST/ALT) in one patient at 450 mg/m2/week. Two of nine DLTs were at the highest dose level. Two patients with metastatic melanoma had stable disease and were treated for 15 and 41 months, respectively. The dose versus area under the curve-relationship for 17-AAG was linear (r2 = .71) over the dose range 10 to 450 mg/m2/week, with peak plasma concentrations of 8,998 μg/L (standard deviation, 2,881) at the highest dose level. After the demonstration of pharmacodynamic changes in peripheral blood leukocytes, pre- and 24 hours post-treatment, tumor biopsies were performed and demonstrated target inhibition (c-RAF-1 inhibition in four of six patients, CDK4 depletion in eight of nine patients and HSP70 induction in eight of nine patients) at the dose levels 320 and 450 mg/m2/week. It was not possible to reproducibly demonstrate these changes in biopsies taken 5 days after treatment. Conclusion It has been possible to demonstrate that 17-AAG exhibits a tolerable toxicity profile with therapeutic plasma concentrations and target inhibition for 24 hours after treatment and some indications of clinical activity at the dose level 450 mg/m2/week. We recommend this dose for phase II clinical trials.
Phase III Randomized Multicenter Study of a Humanized Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody, Lintuzumab, in Combination With Chemotherapy, Versus Chemotherapy Alone in Patients With Refractory or First-Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Feldman Eric J. , Brandwein Joseph , Stone Richard , Kalaycio Matt , Moore Joseph , O'Connor Julie , Wedel Nancy , Roboz Gail J. , Miller Carole , Chopra Raj , Jurcic Joseph C. , Brown Randy , Ehmann W. Christopher , Schulman Philip , Frankel Stanley R. , De Angelo Daniel , Scheinberg David 
Published: June 2005

Purpose Lintuzumab (HuM195) is an unconjugated humanized murine monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface myelomonocytic differentiation antigen CD33. In this study, the efficacy of lintuzumab in combination with induction chemotherapy was compared with chemotherapy alone in adults with first relapsed or primary refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Patients and Methods Patients with relapsed or primary resistant AML (duration of first response, zero to 12 months) were randomly assigned to receive either mitoxantrone 8 mg/m2, etoposide 80 mg/m2, and cytarabine 1 g/m2 daily for 6 days (MEC) in combination with lintuzumab 12 mg/m2, or MEC alone. Overall response, defined as the rate of complete remission (CR) and CR with incomplete platelet recovery (CRp), was the primary end point of the study, with additional analyses of survival time and toxicity. Results A total of 191 patients were randomly assigned from November 1999 to April 2001. The percent CR plus CRp with MEC plus lintuzumab was 36% v 28% in patients treated with MEC alone (P = .28). The overall median survival was 156 days and was not different in the two arms of the study. Apart from mild antibody infusion–related toxicities (fever, chills, and hypotension), no differences in chemotherapy-related adverse effects, including hepatic and cardiac dysfunction, were observed with the addition of lintuzumab to induction chemotherapy. Conclusion The addition of lintuzumab to salvage induction chemotherapy was safe, but did not result in a statistically significant improvement in response rate or survival in patients with refractory/relapsed AML.