bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonscholastic Qualities and their Association with Internet Addiction among Medical Students
Authors: Jain Animesh , Hussain Sahil , Malhotra Kareena , Mahanta Chandan Kumar , Choudhury Shinjinee Roy , Bansal Tanisha , Praveen Vrinda , Hegde Pratyaksh , Gupta Arjun , Motappa Rohith 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
For health professionals, medical students’ nonacademic skills are a major topic of concern. These traits, which include personality traits, social skills, and communication abilities, are necessary for a medical professional to perform well. On the other hand, concerns are starting to be raised as the rate of Internet addiction rises in popularity. Despite the fact that the Internet is a great resource for research, students frequently had serious academic issues. Furthermore, their personal qualities outside of school must be impacted.

Objectives:
The objective of the study was to assess the nonscholastic qualities of medical students, to assess the level of Internet addiction, and to establish an association between the nonscholastic qualities and Internet addiction among the students.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was done on the undergraduate students of Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore. The questionnaire was prepared after an extensive review of the literature. Hence, the semi-structured questionnaire consists of three sections – Section I consists of a demographic study; Section II consists of nonscholastic qualities determinant questions; and Section III consists of questions focused on studying Internet addiction. The questionnaires used are standard questionnaires, and prior permission from the creators was taken.

Results:
In our survey, the majority of students (67.7%, 174/257) were determined to have strong nonacademic traits. Few (3.11%, 8/257) had poor nonacademic qualities, whereas 29.18% (7/257) had average nonacademic qualities. Only 7.00% (18/257) of students were found to have severe Internet addiction levels, whereas the bulk of students, 47.85% (123/257), had moderate levels. The remaining 116 kids had a similar distribution of moderate and normal Internet addiction.

Conclusion:
We can conclude that students should understand the harmful effect of Internet addiction and how it could affect them and focus more on developing their nonscholastic qualities to complement their professional careers in the future.
Bedside Transillumination Test – A Clinical Tool for Diagnosis of Pneumothorax in Newborn: A Need of Time for the Medical Graduate
Authors: Lakra Ashwini , Lakra Mahaveer Singh , Taksande Amar , Arora Ishani , Bhandekar Heena Sudhir 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The basic signs and symptoms in clinical practice are losing its glory nowadays due to final jumping at diagnosis and due to the easy availability of sophisticated investigations and handy literature. The level of teaching has also gone down in medical colleges, and these clinical signs are not taught and not illustrated, as everyone feels that these are outdated. Although this case looks very simple, it carries lots of importance. A preterm baby who was suffering from respiratory distress and was doing well suddenly desaturated and deteriorated while on ventilator. We worked out the possible causes of displacement, obstruction, pneumothorax, equipment failure, and suspected pneumothorax. Immediately, bedside transillumination test (which is nowadays thought to be outdated) was performed, and a chest drain was put in urgently without waiting for the X-ray and lung ultrasound. Chest drainage was put in immediately, and the baby started improving immediately. and later on, an X-ray was taken, which was suggestive of improving pneumothorax. The present article highlights the importance of elicitation of proper signs and symptoms, the importance of performing illumination tests in newborns, along with the significance of clinical teaching.
Methionine Metabolism – A Gateway to Oral Cancer Epigenetics
Authors: Zade Prajakta R. , Chaudhary Minal S. , Hande Alka Harish , Gawande Madhuri Nitin , Sharma Preethi N. , Thakare Eesha Deepak 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
One of the seminal hallmarks of cancer includes nonmutational epigenetic reprogramming. Epigenetic changes are reversible unlike genetic changes which are irreversible and thus hold tremendous potential to be explored for better practical outcome. DNA methylation is the most commonly studied epigenetic alteration. Methionine pathway is linked to DNA methylation. Cancer cells for their metabolism require increased uptake of amino acid and methionine. However, the exact mechanism of DNA methylation in cancer in association to methionine pathway still remains enigmatic. Oral cancer is most commonly associated to smokeless tobacco use. There is sufficient evidence that nitrosamines in tobacco alter the methionine pathway and thus induce aberrant methylation. Moreover, methionine restriction is an emerging strategy to target tumor metabolism. Thus, it makes it all more imperative to understand the basic mechanism operating at the molecular level. This article is an attempt to hypothesis and proposes the possible fundamental changes occurring in the methionine pathway pertaining to oral cancer epigenetics.
Dynamic Muscle Stimulation for Pain, Tenderness, and Stiffness on Upper Back Muscles: A Novel Approach and Analysis on Shear-wave Elastography
Authors: Naqvi Waqar Mohsin , Arora Sakshi Pritam , Mishra Gaurav Vedprakash , Gabr Mamdouh Y. , Naqvi Ifat Waqar , Kandkurti Praveen Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Upper back myalgia is a complaint of pain, stiffness, and tightness in the upper back muscles. It is characterized by acute or persistent neck–shoulder pain. We report the case of a 24-year-old male who presented with pain and swelling in the neck and upper back region, along with gradual restriction in cervical range of motion (ROM) for 2 months. The pretreatment assessment revealed severe tightness of the middle fibers of the trapezius and upper fibers of the rhomboid major muscle. Pretreatment elastography revealed high elasticity contrast index (ECI) values of 8.59 and 9.01, respectively, and a red region indicative of increased stiffness of the muscle fibers. The patient was treated with Naqvi’s-Dynamic Electrical Therapy Approach (Naqvi’s DELTA) which is a novel method of using interferential current with a dynamic stimulation probe for 15 min using ultrasound gel on the affected area and examining the patient for the effect of the DELTA on muscle elongation by shear wave elastography which is a unique variation in ultrasound imaging. The pre- and posttreatment findings revealed a significant reduction in stiffness of the muscle fibers, indicated by decreased ECI values of 2.14 and 0.94, respectively, in the blue region. In addition, posttreatment also had an impact on pain reduction and a significant increment in the overall cervical ROM.
The Effect of Menopause on the Sexual Functions and Marital Adjustment of the Spouses
Authors: Yildirim Fatma , Duman Nuriye Büyükkayaci , Kulakaç Özen 
Published: December 2023

Background:
This study was conducted as a cross-sectional descriptive study to determine the effect of menopause on the SFs and marital adjustment (MA) of the spouses.

Materials and Methods:
The sample of the study consisted of a total of 254 people, 127 of whom were postmenopausal women and their spouses. The data were collected with the Descriptive Information Form, the Female Sexual Function Scale (FSFS), the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASES), and the Marital Adjustment Scale (MAS). The t-test, Mann–Whitney U-test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and correlation analysis were used in the analysis of the data.

Results:
Sexual dysfunctions (SDs) were detected in 91.3% of women and 77.2% of men. MA was found to be low in 74.1% of the women. The relationship between the level of MA and the total mean score of the women’s FSFS was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). In addition, the relationship between the presence of SD in the postmenopausal women and the mean ASES score in the husband was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). According to Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient, the positive correlation between the total mean score of the MAS and the mean total score of the FSFS was weak (r = 0.290; P = 0.001), and the negative correlation between the mean score of the total score of the ASES was weak (r = −0.381; P = 0.000) which was found to be a relationship (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
In this study, it was determined that menopause affects the marriage and sexual adjustment of spouses negatively.
Exploratory Study on Micronuclei and Metanuclear Abnormalities in Exfoliated Buccal Cells of COVID-19 Suspected Patients
Authors: Vishnu B , Murugan Senthil , Kalidoss Vinoth K. , Sesham Kishore , Ramamurthy Sarah , Bakshi Satvinder S. , Francis Yuvaraj M. , Kasirajan Sankaran Ponnusamy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Context:
SARS-CoV-2 virus causes COVID-19 by infecting nasal and oral cavities primarily by attaching its spike proteins to ACE 2 receptors expressed in epithelial cells.

Aim:
This study was done to evaluate the micronucleated cell count, metanuclear abnormalities, and genotoxic factor in exfoliated buccal mucosal cell among the COVID-19 suspected patients.

Settings and Design:
This cross-sectional study was conducted at AIIMS, Mangalagiri, between August and October 2022.

Methods:
One hundred COVID-19 suspected patients were recruited for this study after obtaining informed and written consent; buccal smear was obtained and stained for papanicolaou test (PAP). The PAP-stained slides were analyzed for micronuclei (MN), pyknotic, karyolytic, and karyorrhexic cell count, respectively. Based on their reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) report, the patients were grouped into COVID-19 positive and negative groups.

Statistical Analysis:
The genotoxicity factor was calculated using the micronucleated cell count from both the groups using mean and standard deviation.

Results:
The MN, micronucleated cell, pyknotic, karyolitic, and karyorrhexic cell count in COVID-19 positive patients were 24.12, 15.24, 3.08, 2.88 and 4.40, respectively, than COVID-19 negative patients 5.69, 8.17, 1.08, 1.00 and 2.43, respectively. The genotoxicity factor for SARS-CoV-2 was 2.68 which is a positive genotoxic effect on buccal mucosal cells.

Conclusion:
SARS-CoV-2 increases the expression of micronucleated cells, pyknotic cells, karyolytic cells, and karyorhexic cells and concludes SARS-CoV-2 is having cytogenotoxic effect on the buccal mucosal cells. This can be used as a reliable marker in identifying the early carcinogenic effects of virus causing COVID-19.
A case of metabolic encephalopathy due to recurrent hypoglycemia caused by insulin: A case report
Authors: Dave Kinjal A , Gupta Sapna D , Malhotra Supriya D 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A metabolic encephalopathy brought on by dangerously low blood glucose levels is called hypoglycemic encephalopathy. Transient hypoglycemic episodes are frequent, particularly in diabetic patients. This complication is seen in diabetes patients who are taking insulin/insulin secretagogues. Severe persistent hypoglycemia can result in seizures, a protracted state of coma, and a wide range of other global and focal neurologic impairments. The main pathological alterations in hypoglycemic encephalopathy include widespread denaturation and necrosis of the neurons as a result of a lack of energy, which is accompanied by a significant number of glial cells entering the brain. In our case, the patient had recurrent hypoglycemic episodes, which led to the development of hypoglycemic encephalopathy caused by insulin. It is important for clinicians to be aware of this potential complication and to closely monitor patients with diabetes who are being treated with insulin.
Outcomes of heel ulcers in people with diabetes visiting tertiary care diabetes center of Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Nawaz Rabel , Riaz Musarrat , Miyan Zahid , Hatim Arwa , Zafar Awn Bin , Ulhaque Muhammad Saif , Shareef Abdul Majid , Ahmedani Muhammad Yakoob , Basit Abdul 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective:
To determine the outcome of heel ulcers in people with diabetes.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Diabetic Foot Department of Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology (BIDE), Karachi. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of BIDE. Relevant records of all patients of both genders with diabetes aged 18–80 years and ulcer over the heel visiting the Diabetic Foot Clinic from January 2016 to December 2020 were retrieved from the hospital management system of BIDE for evaluation. Pre-designed proformas were filled and Statistical Package for Social Science version 20 was used to analyze data.

Results:
Overall data of 1073 diabetic people with heel ulcers was retrieved, among them the mean age was 57.95 ± 11.96 years, and 715(66.6%) participants were male. Type 2 diabetes was found in 821 (97.9%) participants and 548 (65.6%) had >10 years duration of diabetes. In regard to type of ulcer, 876 (81.6%) were neuropathic ulcers, 91 (8.5%) were ischemic, and 89 (8.3%) were neuroischemic ulcers. According to university of Texas classification wound classification, 725 (67.6%) fell in stage B followed by 238 (22.2%) in stage A. Regarding heel ulcer outcome, a majority of 459 (95.8%) healed without amputation and only 15 (3.1%) healed with major amputation.

Conclusion:
We found that the majority of the people with heel ulcers had a favorable outcome and healed without an lower extremity amputation.
Effect of single-dose oral vitamin D (200,000 IU) for the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy
Authors: Fawwad Asher , Basit Khalid Abdul , Zafar Awn Bin , Tahir Bilal , Anwar Maria , Siddiqui Iftikhar Ahmed , Basit Abdul 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective:
To assess the effect of a single-dose, oral vitamin D supplementation (soft gel capsule of 200,000 IU) in subjects with painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) in Pakistan.

Design:
Randomized control trial.

Materials and Methods:
This randomized control trial was conducted at the Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology (BIDE), Pakistan from November 2021 to August 2022. Subjects with diabetes without any signs of vitamin D deficiency were included. Baseline details were obtained by a predesigned questionnaire. Douleur neuropathy 4 (DN4) score was used for diagnosing PDN. Biochemical tests include serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (OH)D and HbA1c for screening at baseline and at 3 months follow-up were analyzed. Subjects were categorized into two: a control group and an intervention group. The intervention group was given a single soft gel vitamin D capsule (200,000 IU) after screening by expert paramedical staff. Based on baseline serum vitamin D levels, the intervention group was further categorized into insufficient vs. deficient groups, and the control group was categorized into insufficient vs. sufficient.

Results:
Of 159 participants, 19.5% vs. 44.7% subjects were with insufficient vs. deficient vitamin D levels in the intervention group, and 10.7% vs. 25.1% were with insufficient vs. sufficient vitamin D levels in the control group, respectively. Though the findings are insignificant, DN4 score at follow-up in intervention groups and control groups was reduced compared to the baseline DN4 score. Furthermore, we observed a reduction in post-HbA1c levels in both the intervention groups (insufficient vs. deficient) and the control-sufficient group.

Conclusion:
Treatment with vitamin D supplementation in people with PDN helps to improve vitamin D levels, DN4 score, and HbA1c levels, though dose-response is yet to be compared.
Feasibility of Using Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale in Procedural Sedation
Authors: Kamel Walid Y. , Haggag Addham Magdy 
Published: December 2023

Aim/Objectives/ Background
The aim of the study is to test the validity of Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale in the field of anesthesia.
Sedation is to provide comfort to patients during unpleasant diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, monitored anesthesia care (MAC) is not limited to watching the level of sedation but for tailoring sedation to the need for the patient/procedure. Many scales have been designed to monitor the depth of anesthesia in the intensive care unit for those who are in need for sedation, from this scales Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) was approved.

Methods
The study is a double blinded cross sectional observational study. The patients scheduled for upper GIT endoscopy were randomly divided into group R and group N, sedation was started to the targeted level. If the targeted level of sedation not achieved. Propofol at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg administrated over 3-5 min .titrated till the clinical response were achieved, In group R, the level of sedation was monitored using Richmond sedation agitation scale While in group N, the level of sedation was monitored based on the defined level of sedation according to the ASA. The time of the procedure, length of the hospital stay and the recovery time was recorded. In the postoperative visit, the patient’s satisfaction was assessed, based on a Questionnaire of 5 yes or no Questions.. The Feasibility was examined using, simplicity and ease of use, ease of recall, precise discriminating criteria for each level, sufficient levels for sedative medication titration, measurement of agitation.

Results
The difference in the procedure time between the two groups were not significant, the time recorded to reach the targeted sedation level were statistically significant where it was longer in group N 19.2±4.2 min vs 18.4±5.2 min., the difference in the recovery time between the two groups 5(3) vs 2(1) were not significant. the level of satisfaction was achieved at a low scale of sedation in group R, No delay in the discharge time among the two groups, the validity for the application of the scale were 16(35.5%) vs 6(13.3%). Inter rater correlation using Cohen’s Kappa yield a correlation of 0.9 denoting perfect correlation.

Conclusion
RASS is a valid and reliable tool for monitoring the level of sedation in procedural sedation especially if a limited modification applied on it.
Platelet-rich preparations as biocarriers for local drugs for periodontal disease: A narrative review
Authors: Ercan Esra , Hiz-Çiçekliyurt Meliha Merve 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Platelets are nucleated cells that form blood clots as their primary function, but their popularity comes with secondary functions such as angiogenesis and innate immunity.

Aims:
This review focuses on different methods of platelet-rich plasma production and its use as a drug carrier, particularly in dental medicine.

Materials and Methods:
Scientific databases were searched from 2006 to 2013.

Results and Discussion:
Platelet-derived growth factors are released during the modulation of the wound-healing process and regulate many biological activities. High regeneration capacity in the wound healing process combines its use with traditional methods in medical applications and sometimes in alternative treatment methods. Platelet-rich biological structures have advantages such as rapid and easy production, antimicrobial properties, high regenerative capacity, and inhibition of postoperative bleeding. Platelet-rich autogenous blood concentrates can administer antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs locally. Platelet-rich biological structures can also be used as high-quality carriers for the targeted delivery of drugs.

Conclusion:
Apart from antibiotics, orally administered analgesics, anticancer drugs, etc., can also be added to platelet-rich fibrin because the three-dimensional fibrin matrix structure undergoes fibrinolysis completely autogenously within the body. Still, biocompatibility, biodegradability, mechanical strength, and shape retention must be investigated for optimal drug utilization.
Alternative prosthetic approach in the management of flabby edentulous anterior maxilla: A case report and literature review
Authors: Algabri Radwan , Altayyar Sadeq , Alsaed Nahla , Mostafa Marwa , Alqutaibi Ahmed Yaseen , Swedan Mostafa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA flabby ridge is a condition where excessively mobile and resilient tissue affects the maxillary or mandibular alveolar ridges. This study reviews the flabby anterior maxillary ridges and explores their management. It also included a case report of a 67-year-old male diabetic patient with rare manifestations in the anterior maxilla. The selection of this patient in this study was due to the rare flabby tissue manifestations in the anterior maxilla. These manifestations resulted in denture instability and loss of retention but also caused significant symptoms for the patient, including severe pain, prolonged headaches, and a burning sensation. This study aimed to alleviate pressure on the flabby tissues in the anterior maxilla and enhance the complete denture’s retention, support, and stability. In managing the flabby anterior maxilla described in this study, the prosthetic approach involved utilizing a modified window technique for the secondary impression and a low-viscosity impression material. On the following day till the follow-up period (12 months), the patient showed no complaints of pain, headache, or burning sensation, and the complete denture was in good retention, support, and stability. Prosthodontic management is a reliable alternative to surgery for hypermobile flabby tissues. It improves denture quality, reduces pressure, and enhances comfort and functionality during daily activities.
Full single arch distalization in Class II malocclusion using subzygomatic temporary anchorage devices: A case report
Authors: Alyami Bandar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Distalization of the maxillary molars is among the most commonly employed nonextraction treatment strategies for angle Class II malocclusion. This approach is primarily recommended for subjects with dentoalveolar maxillary protrusion or minor skeletal abnormalities. A case of a 17-year-old Hispanic male patient with Class II skeletal base with Class II end on canines and molars, upper anterior crowding, severe overjet, and moderate overbite is hereby reported. He refused extraction; therefore, he was offered full single upper arch distalization using subzygomatic temporary anchorage devices (TADs). After 11 months of retraction, the TADs were removed and it was observed that the overjet and overbite were now within normal values and midline shift was also corrected. Satisfactory leveling and alignment, alleviation of crowding, and Class I molar and canine relationship were achieved. The aim of this case report was to describe full single arch distalization using subzygomatic TADs in a patient with Class II skeletal, molar, and canine relationships.