bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unequal error control codes with two‐level burst and bit error correcting capabilities
Authors: Namba Kazuteru 
Published: December 2003

AbstractIn some computer and communication systems, such as in holographic memories, burst errors often occur, and some parts of the word have lower reliability, that is, higher error rate, than the other parts. This paper considers words to be divided into two blocks according to the error rate: a block with higher error rate X1, and the other block with lower error rate X2. This presents a code which corrects l‐bit (≥2) burst errors occurring in X1 as well as single‐bit errors occurring in X2. This also demonstrates an evaluation of the codes on code length and the parallel decoder hardware amount. The check bit length of the proposed code is as short as the bound when the length of block X1 is less than 2l. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 87(4): 21–29, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.10147
Generalized linear‐phase paraunitary nonuniform filter banks
Authors: Kobayashi Yuhiro , Kawada Masahiro , Ikehara Masaaki 
Published: December 2003

AbstractUniform filter banks such as the DCT used in JPEG and MPEG have been studied widely. On the other hand, the frequency characteristics of the signal have irregularity. The wavelet transform makes use of such characteristics in nonuniform processing. However, the conventional nonuniform filter banks are constructed with a tree structure of identical two‐channel filter banks. Since the frequency characteristic of each subband filter cannot be designed directly, such a filter bank may not be optimum with regard to the coding efficiency. In the present paper, a method of configuration of generalized linear‐phase paraunitary nonuniform filter banks is presented. A realization using a lattice structure that preserves orthogonality and the linear‐phase property is proposed. Finally, the obtained nonuniform filter bank is applied to image coding and the effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 87(4): 12–20, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.10150
Closed‐form expression of RLCG transmission line and its application
Authors: Tanji Yuichi , Ushida Akio 
Published: December 2003

AbstractIn this paper, a closed‐form expression and a macro model for simulation are proposed for the RLCG transmission line expressed in terms of the telegrapher's equation. First, the hyperbolic functions contained in the admittance matrix of the transmission line are analytically expanded in terms of poles and residues, deriving a close expression of the admittance matrix. Next, from the closed‐form expression, rigorous poles of the admittance matrix are obtained. By using the closed‐form expression, a macro model of the RLCG transmission line is obtained. The passivity of the macro model, a method for determination of the order, and a simulation method in the time domain are discussed. As a numerical example, a closed‐form expression and a traditional discretized model of a transmission line are compared. In this way, the effectiveness of the macro model obtained from the closed‐form expression is confirmed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 87(4): 1–11, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.10155
Development of Robovie as a platform for everyday‐robot research
Authors: Kanda Takayuki , Ishiguro Hiroshi , Ono Tetsuo , Imai Michita , Maeda Takeshi , Nakatsu Ryohei 
Published: December 2003

AbstractIn the design of everyday robots which communicate with humans in ordinary life, particular attention must be devoted to interactions and relationships in order to achieve natural and smooth communications. For this purpose, Robovie, which we developed, is equipped with hardware mechanisms suitable for communication, such as a rich inventory of sensors, an appearance that is readily personified, and a gesture expression ability comparable to that of humans. In addition, its programs have a software architecture that was designed for easy realization of interactive functions. As a result of these distinctive features, Robovie is suitable for use as a platform for research on humanized robots, such as research on communications between robots and humans, and on the body form of robots. This paper describes its hardware and software architecture. The usefulness of Robovie as a research platform is demonstrated by experiments designed to verify its interactive functions. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 87(4): 55–65, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.10169
Texture segmentation using amplitude and phase information of Gabor filters
Authors: Tanaka Hideo , Yoshida Yasuo , Fukami Kimihiko , Nakano Hiroki 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThis paper proposes a method in which the amplitude and phase information of a two‐dimensional Gabor filter output are utilized in the supervised segmentation of texture images. The segmentation procedure is as follows. The amplitude and the phase difference between adjacent pixels of the multiple filter outputs are used as the feature parameters. By applying maximum‐likelihood estimation of each pixel in the test image, it is decided to which supervised image the pixel belongs. Then, based on the result of segmentation, maximum a posteriori probability estimation is iteratively applied and the final result of segmentation with region integration is obtained. It is shown that when the number of filters in the frequency space is smaller, the phase difference feature parameter contains information which cannot be obtained by using only the amplitude feature parameter. In particular, it is experimentally shown to be effective to weight the phase difference feature parameters by the amplitude. The accuracy of segmentation can be improved by thus combining the phase difference with the amplitude feature parameter. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 87(4): 66–79, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.10170
High‐repetition‐frequency short pulses in a VHF discharge‐excited slab‐type carbon dioxide laser using an ultrasonic vibrator
Authors: Mori Akira , Suzuki Kaoru 
Published: December 2003

AbstractWe propose a novel method for producing high‐repetition‐frequency short pulses with a halved confocal configuration consisting of an unstable concave–convex resonator in a very high frequency (VHF) discharge‐excited slab‐type carbon dioxide laser. This method utilizes a fully reflective concave mirror with variable curvature which can be controlled by a piezoelectric device.In general, slab lasers are modulated directly by varying the pulse voltage. However, because plasma fluctuation occurs at the pulse transitions, the repetition frequency is less than 10 kHz and the minimum pulse width is 1 µs. On the other hand, in our method there is no disturbance of the plasma, because the power source is not modulated. There is also little mechanical constraint, because we use a piezoelectric device. As a result, pulse shortening with a high repetition rate is possible. The pulse shape is well reproduced by a three‐level rate equation.The mechanism of the method involves changes in ejection efficiency with periodic variation of the radius of curvature of the mirror. Good agreement between observations and calculations was also obtained for the peak power and the pulse width.In this paper we compare measurements with calculations. The possibility of achieving high repetition rate oscillation and pulse shortening by this method is examined. The results confirm the possibility of achieving a repetition frequency between 1.4 kHz and 170 kHz. The shortest pulse width that can be achieved is 160 nanoseconds. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 146(3): 1–7, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.10127
Precise position control of an ultrasonic motor using the PID controller combined with NN
Authors: Tanaka Kanya , Oka Masato , Uchibori Akihiko , Iwata Youichirou , Morioka Hiroshi 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe input‐output characteristic of an ultrasonic motor (USM) has nonlinear elements and changes with a temperature rise or fluctuation of load‐mass. Therefore, it is difficult to accomplish satisfactory control performance by using conventional PID controllers. In this paper, we propose a PID controller combined with a neural network (NN‐PID controller). In this design method, the controller gains consist of constant gains of the PID controller and variable gains of the NN controller. The weights of the NN are adjusted by the backpropagation method so that the control error can be minimized. This method does not require long learning time of the NN. The effectiveness of the proposed design method is confirmed by experiments using an existing USM. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 146(3): 46–54, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.10199
A power compensation and control system for a partially shaded PV array
Authors: Mishima Tomokazu , Ohnishi Tokuo 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe power–voltage and current–voltage characteristics of a PV array change with the variation of insolation and temperature. In particular, the output power of a PV‐panel block consisting of series‐PV modules inevitably goes down due to partial shading caused by peripheral obstacles. This results in a significant reduction of the total output power from the PV power generation system where a couple of PV blocks are parallel to the DC terminal of interactive inverter because of mismatch of the optimum operating voltages between the PV blocks.In this paper, we propose a power conversion system to compensate the output power of a partially shaded PV array. The proposed system can control the output power of the PV array on a PV block basis, which contributes to a more efficient and simpler implementation of the PV power compensation system than that by individual controls of PV modules using DC–DC converters. In addition, inverter DC voltage is appropriately controlled so that the maximum output power from the overall PV array can be obtained. Then, the feasibility of the system is investigated and verified from the simulation and experimental results. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 146(3): 74–82, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.10203
Dielectric characteristics of oil‐filled transformer in the presence of nonstandard lightning surge waveforms
Authors: Okabe Shigemitsu , Kawashima Takeshi , Inoue Tamotsu , Teranishi Tsuneharu , Nagaoka Satoshi 
Published: December 2003

AbstractTo achieve a rational insulation design for transformers, it is important to evaluate dielectric strength against surges actually impinging on equipment on‐site. This paper deals with the breakdown voltage characteristics of an oil gap under nonstandard lightning surge waveforms combined with oscillatory voltages. It is found that the breakdown voltages of the oil gap under nonstandard impulse waveforms are higher than standard lightning impulse voltages. The results can be ascribed to V–t characteristics of the oil gap in short‐time impulse voltage ranges. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 146(3): 39–45, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.10229
Gain‐scheduled velocity and force controllers for electrohydraulic servo system
Authors: Sugiyama Takahiro , Uchida Kenko 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe load variation of the electrohydraulic servo system causes degradation of the control characteristic. This is because the flow characteristic of the flow control valve depends on the load condition. Here, we propose the flow calculation formula to have continuous flow between turbulent and laminar flow so that we compose the linear plant model with a scheduling parameter. Then, we design gain‐scheduled controllers for the velocity and hydraulic force control. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 146(3): 65–73, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.10239
Interior structure of UPQC‐type QCC at the low‐voltage side in the FRIENDS
Authors: Noda Toshiyuki , Wang Guobin , Kita Hiroyuki , Tanaka Eiichi , Hasegawa Jun 
Published: December 2003

AbstractRecently, the worldwide deregulation of the electric power industry is progressing. Further, it is expected that a many distributed generation facilities and energy storage systems will be installed at the end point of the power systems. Therefore, the future power system must be able to cope with these various qualities of power in the deregulated situation. The authors have proposed the FRIENDS (Flexible, Reliable, and Intelligent ENergy Delivery System) concept as a new distribution system that copes with a new framework of the electric power business in the near future. The most typical aspect of FRIENDS is the introduction of new equipment; Quality Control Centers (QCC) between distribution substations and customers. In this paper, the authors propose a concrete interior structure and investigate some control methods for realizing unbundling power quality supply and power conditioning using the proposed UPQC‐type QCC. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed through the instantaneous value analysis using PSCAD/EMTDC. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 146(3): 26–38, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.10243
Sensorless controls of salient‐pole permanent magnet synchronous motors using extended electromotive force models
Authors: Ichikawa Shinji , Chen Zhiqian , Tomita Mutuwo , Doki Shinji , Okuma Shigeru 
Published: December 2003

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a new mathematical model for synchronous motors and a sensorless control method based on it. To control permanent magnet synchronous motors, knowledge of rotor position and velocity are necessary. Heretofore, expensive sensors have been used to detect rotor position information. Although many sensorless control methods based on the electromotive force (EMF) have been developed for non‐salient‐pole permanent magnet motors, they cannot be applied for salient‐pole motors without approximation because of complications in the mathematical model; this is turn may lead to problems of instability. To solve this problem, we propose an extended electromotive force model for synchronous motors. The proposed model has a simple structure, making position estimation possible without approximation. Experimental results show that the proposed model and method are valid. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 146(3): 55–64, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.10257
Generation planning including distributed generators under uncertainty of demand growth
Authors: Muroaka Yukari , Oyama Tsutomu 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThis paper addresses the problem of generation planning in the competitive power market with uncertainty of demand growth. The distributed generator (DG) is given attention against a large‐scale generator to correspond to uncertain demand growth. Optimization consists of minimizing the average cost and hedging risk over the scenario trees of demand growth. At first, based on the idea of a Real Option, Dynamic Programming using the utility function is applied to generation planning. Utility functions can model investor's risk‐return profile. The decisions in the first stage indicate that they are influenced by the type of utility functions and demand growth scenarios, and data of generators. Next, a Monte Carlo simulation is applied to a Brownian motion model of demand growth. This model can increase the possible number of demand levels. With this simulation, the case that the distributed generator has an advantage over the large‐scale generator is quantitatively discussed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 146(3): 17–25, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.10276
High frequency model of transformer winding
Authors: Shibuya Yoshikazu , Fujita Shigeto 
Published: December 2003

AbstractA high frequency model of transformer winding is used to analyze the voltage oscillations due to various excitations such as the very fast transient overvoltage which occurs at the time of disconnecting switch operations. Usually, a circuit of interlinked inductances and capacitances is used for this purpose, in which circuit parameters have to be properly determined. Previously, those constants have been estimated taking the coil section pair as a unit. In the method proposed here, the section pair can be further subdivided. The time‐domain calculation is conducted combining the frequency analysis and FFT technique. The voltage oscillations of the winding subjected to the lightning impulse are calculated. The correspondence with the experimental results is satisfactory. The response to a chopped impulse shows this method's applicability to high frequency analysis. Since the constants are calculated directly from the design parameters of transformer winding, this technique is particularly useful in developing and designing transformers. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 146(3): 8–16, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.10280
Chinese perceptions of implied hazard for signal words and surround shapes
Authors: Yu Rui‐feng , Chan Alan H.S. , Salvendy Gavriel 
Published: December 2003

AbstractWith the increase of international trade and communications, the issue—whether people in different cultures similarly interpret and understand the extent implied by signal words and their associated panels in warning design—is getting more and more interesting and important. Two experiments were conducted to collect data on perception of arousal strength of signal words and surround shapes of the Chinese population and to determine whether those findings for Chinese are validated for Americans. A total of 120 Chinese mainland subjects were tested in each of the experiments. In Experiment 1, 16 Chinese signal words were tested for their arousal strength. The results indicated that the words could imply different levels of hazard for the Chinese population. The comparative results revealed that both the Chinese and the Americans perceived similar levels of hazard in a signal word. In Experiment 2, six signal words and five different shapes were factorally combined to receive ratings on the perceived hazard level. Data indicated that both surround shapes and their interaction with signal words could connote different levels of hazard by the Chinese population. Their rank ordering of the shapes was found to be almost consistent with that of the Americans. Strong gender, age, and career effects were found in the two experiments. In general, there is only a minor difference in the perceived hazard for signal words and surround shapes between Chinese and American participants. However, it is suggested that care should be taken when the warning signs in facilities are designed for different populations. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 14: 69–80, 2004.
Potential uses of technology to communicate risk in manufacturing
Authors: Smith‐Jackson Tonya L. , Wogalter Michael S. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractTechnological advances already implemented in other systems can be used to design and deliver warnings and other risk communications in a variety of occupational settings, including manufacturing environments. This article discusses technologies that could be used to design and deliver risk communications. Examples are discussed in terms of potential applications and protocols. As with many advancements, there are new challenges, including ethical considerations both inside and outside the workplace environment. These issues are discussed along with initial approaches to resolve expected ethical conflicts and implement advanced risk communication systems (ARCS). © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 14: 1–14, 2004.
Situation awareness and attention allocation measures for quantifying telepresence experiences in teleoperation
Authors: Riley Jennifer M. , Kaber David B. , Draper John V. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThis study assessed the utility of measures of situation awareness (SA) and attention allocation for quantifying telepresence, the sense of being present at a remote site, in a teleoperation task scenario. Attention and SA have been identified as cognitive constructs potentially underlying telepresence. The motivation for this research was to establish an objective measure of telepresence and investigate the relationship between telepresence and teleoperation performance. Twenty‐four research participants performed a virtual ordnance disposal task at varying levels of difficulty (LODs). The task involved locating, identifying, and disposing of virtual land mines in an outdoor environment using a simulated remote‐control rover with a robotic arm. Performance, SA, and attention allocation were recorded along with subjective assessments of telepresence. Results demonstrated LOD effects on performance and telepresence. Regression analysis revealed LOD and attention to explain significant portions of the variance in telepresence. Results of the study provide further evidence that telepresence may share a relationship with performance, and that cognitive constructs, such as attention and SA, may serve as alternative, objective measures of telepresence. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 14: 51–67, 2004.
Identifying mobile phone design features critical to user satisfaction
Authors: Han Sung H. , Kim Kwang J. , Yun Myung H. , Hong Sang W. , Kim Jongseo 
Published: December 2003

AbstractA variety of mobile phones are available to consumers. They differ from each other in many design features including shape, color, size, and material. This study attempts to identify some of the design features of a mobile phone critical to user satisfaction. Empirical models linking design features to satisfaction levels were developed and used to identify critical design features. Design properties common to “desirable” and “undesirable” phones were then extracted by comparing the values of the critical design features. The approach used in this study may help the product designers identify critical design features with their desirable properties in a systematic manner. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 14: 15–29, 2004.