bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti‐Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan antibodies in inflammatory bowel disease: comparison of different assays and correlation with clinical features
Authors: Annese V. , Piepoli A. , Perri F. , Lombardi G. , Latiano A. , Napolitano G. , Corritore G. , Vandewalle P. , Poulain D. , Colombel J. F. , Andriulli A. 
Published: March 2005

SummaryBackground : Anti‐Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan antibodies have been proposed as a new serological marker associated with Crohn's disease. However, their clinical value is still unclear; furthermore, a standardization of anti‐S. cerevisiae mannan measurements is lacking.Aim : In this study, we aimed to assess the correlation between anti‐S. cerevisiae mannan detection and specific clinical features in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Moreover, we tested the concordance of four different anti‐S. cerevisiae mannan assays.Materials and methods : Serum samples from 196 patients with Crohn's disease, 197 patients with ulcerative colitis and 100 unrelated healthy controls were tested for anti‐S. cerevisiae mannan with a standard enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method (Lille) by one of the authors (VP). Subsequently, 60 randomly selected serum samples (27 Crohn's disease, 28 ulcerative colitis and five healthy controls) were tested for anti‐S. cerevisiae mannan with three different commercial kits.Results : With the Lille assay, anti‐S. cerevisiae mannan were detected in 100 of 196 patients with Crohn's disease (51%; P < 0.0001 vs. controls), 32 of 197 patients with ulcerative colitis (16%; P < 0.02 vs. controls), and six of 100 controls (6%). No correlation between presence of anti‐S. cerevisiae mannan and specific clinical features was found in both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease patients. The percentages of anti‐S. cerevisiae mannan detected with four different assays ranged from 28 (Bouty) up to 43% (Inova), but these differences did not reach statistical significance. The concordance rate of anti‐S. cerevisiae mannan detection in the four assays was very low (11 concordant results of 60 samples, 18.3%) (k = 0.15). No improvement of the concordance rate wasobtained by modifying the suggested cut‐off values (k = 0.20).Conclusion : In this study, we confirm that anti‐S. cerevisiae mannan are significantly more frequent in Crohn's disease patients compared with ulcerative colitis patients (P < 0.0001) and controls. However, no correlation with clinical features was found in both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The low prevalence of anti‐S. cerevisiae mannan, at least in our population, and the low concordance rate between different assays, makes the clinical role of this marker questionable.
Runoff and soil loss from bench terraces. 1. An event‐based model of rainfall infiltration and surface runoff
Authors: Van Dijk A. I. J. M. , Bruijnzeel L. A. 
Published: March 2005

SummaryOverland flow resulting from an excess of rain over infiltration is an essential component of many models of runoff and erosion from fields or catchments. The spatially variable infiltration (SVI) model and a set of associated equations relating depth of runoff and maximum rate of ‘effective’ runoff (as used in the GUEST erosion model) to storm depth, depth‐averaged intensity of rainfall, average maximum infiltration capacity and an additional amount of initial infiltration were validated and tested on back‐sloping bench terraces in volcanic upland West Java, Indonesia. Data used were runoff rate and depth from 31 small (1.0–8.2 m2) bounded plots representing sections of terrace beds or risers and from six larger (53–231 m2) terrace units with hydrologically defined boundaries. Modelled runoff rates using rainfall intensity data corresponded well with observed patterns and the storm‐based equations were used successfully to model runoff depths and maximum effective runoff rates for individual events. Resulting values for maximum average infiltration rate (Im) varied between 18 and 443 mm hour−1 and reflected effects of vegetation or mulch cover and soil compaction. We conclude that the SVI model and the derived equations provide a robust and accurate method for predicting runoff at the investigated scale.
Microsatellite marker analysis of the genetic variability in Hanoverian Hounds
Authors: Lüpke L. , Distl O. 
Published: March 2005

SummaryGenetic variability of the dog breed Hanoverian Hound was analysed using a set of 16 microsatellites. The sample of 92 dogs was representative for the total current population [n = 334, inbreeding coefficient 9.2%, relationship coefficient 11.2%] with respect to the level and distribution of the inbreeding and relationship coefficients. All microsatellites used were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. The average number of alleles was 6.4. The average observed heterozygosity (HO) was slightly higher than the expected heterozygosity (HE). Dinucleotide microsatellites exhibited lower polymorphism information content (PIC) than tetranucleotide microsatellites (0.52 versus 0.66). The average PIC was 0.61. The individual inbreeding coefficient was negatively related to the average HO of all microsatellites, whereas the proportion of genes from introducing of Hanoverian Hounds from abroad showed no relationships to HO. We found that the genetic variability in the Hanoverian Hounds analysed here was unexpectedly higher than that previously published for dog breeds of similar population size. Even in dog breeds of larger population size heterogyzosity was seldom higher than that observed here. The rather high genetic variability as quantified by polymorphic microsatellites in Hanoverian Hounds may be due to a large genetic variation in the founder animals of this breed and to the fact that this genetic diversity could be maintained despite genetic bottlenecks experienced by this breed in the 1920s and 1950s and despite the presence of high inbreeding and relationship coefficients for more than 50 years.
Genetic diversity of Miyamasukashi‐yuri (Lilium maculatum Thunb. var. bukosanense), an endemic and endangered species at Mount Buko, Saitama, Japan
Authors: ARZATE‐FERNÁNDEZ AMAURY‐M , MIWA MAKOTO , SHIMADA TOMOHIDE , YONEKURA TETSUSHI , OGAWA KAZUO 
Published: March 2005

Abstract Lilium maculatum var. bukosanense, Miyamasukashi‐yuri in Japanese, grows endemically in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, and is listed in the Saitama Prefecture Red Data Book as a critically endangered plant. Articles about its genetic diversity and population genetic structure have not been reported. Before it is lost, population genetic studies can provide information for efficient in situ conservation as well as for possible future use in breeding programs. Therefore, we carried out a population genetic study of natural L. maculatum var. bukosanense using chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) and inter‐simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. In this study, fresh leaves of 46 L. maculatum var. bukosanense individuals were collected from two populations in Mount Buko. By polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of cpDNA, we estimated the maternal origin of individuals sampled. Sixteen cpDNA primer pairs were tested, and only four of them produced clear bands. Twenty‐four combinations from these PCR fragments combined with six restriction enzymes were assayed; however, only 18 of them could be digested, producing two to four fragments. All individuals of L. maculatum var bukosanense analyzed were virtually identical for all primer–enzyme combinations. These findings suggest that the maternal origin of the 46 individuals analyzed is close. In addition, we analyzed ISSR markers to provide mainly biparental inheritance. PCR products of five anchored simple sequence repeat primers showed polymorphism, indicating that the individuals sampled were not clones, and thus it appears that they could have been reproduced from seeds. The primers yielded a total of 30 polymorphic bands (i.e. an average of six polymorphic bands per primer). The mean genetic distance and genetic identity values between the populations were 0.032 and 0.97, respectively. These findings suggest that all individuals from both populations are genetically similar. The individuals growing at 1000 m have greater genetic variation than those individuals from 650 m and this could possibly be attributed to altitude. A significant correlation between gene diversity and population size is also reported. From the results presented here some strategies for its in situ and ex situ conservation might be considered.
Intrauterine therapy for fetal supraventricular tachycardia in a twin pregnancy
Authors: Tanawattanacharoen Somchai , Uerpairojkit Boonchai , Prechawat Somchai , Manotaya Saknan , Charoenvidhya Dhiraphongs 
Published: March 2005

AbstractA case of a twin pregnancy in which one fetus developed hydrops secondary to supraventricular tachycardia was detected at 21 weeks’ gestation. Transplacental digoxin therapy successfully converted the supraventricular tachycardia to a normal sinus rhythm without evidence of maternal or fetal side‐effects. The pregnancy proceeded to term and elective cesarean section was carried out at 37 weeks’ gestation.
The Causes of Racial and Ethnic Differences in Influenza Vaccination Rates among Elderly Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Hebert Paul L. , Frick Kevin D. , Kane Robert L. , McBean A. Marshall 
Published: March 2005

Objective. To explore three potential causes of racial/ethnic differences in influenza vaccination rates in the elderly: (1) resistant attitudes and beliefs regarding vaccination by African‐American and Hispanic Medicare beneficiaries, (2) poor access to care during influenza vaccination weeks, and (3) discriminatory behavior by providers.Data Sources. Medicare beneficiaries who responded to both the 1995 and 1996 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) (n=6,746).Study Design. We combined survey information from the MCBS with Medicare claims. We measured resistance to vaccination by self‐reported reasons for not receiving vaccination, access to care by claims submitted during vaccination weeks, and discrimination by racial differences in vaccinations among beneficiaries who visited the same providers during vaccination weeks.Principal Findings. White beneficiaries (66.6 percent) were more likely to self‐report having received vaccination than were African Americans (43.3 percent) or Hispanics (52.5 percent). Resistance to vaccination plays a role in low vaccination rates of African‐American (−11.8 percentage points), but not Hispanic beneficiaries. Unequal access accounts for <2 percent of the disparity. Minority beneficiaries remained unvaccinated despite having medical encounters with their usual providers on days when those same providers were administering vaccinations to white beneficiaries. This disparity is attributable not to provider discrimination but to a 1.6−5 × higher likelihood of white beneficiaries initiating encounters for the purpose of receiving vaccination.Conclusion. Disparities in access to care and provider discrimination play little role in explaining racial/ethnic disparities in influenza vaccination. Eliminating missed opportunities for vaccination in 1995 would have raised vaccination rates in three racial/ethnic groups to the Healthy People 2000 goal of 60 percent vaccination.
Health Benefits Offer Rates: Is There a Nonresponse Bias?
Authors: Pickreign Jeremy D. , Gabel Jon R. 
Published: March 2005

Objective. To determine whether a nonresponse bias exists in the offer rate for health benefits in firms with fewer than 50 workers and to present a simple adjustment to correct for observed bias.Data Sources. The 2003 Employer Health Benefits Survey (EHBS) conducted by the Kaiser Family Foundation and Health Research and Educational Trust, and a follow‐up survey of nonrespondents to the 2003 EHBS.Study Design. We conducted a follow‐up survey to the 2003 EHBS to collect health benefits offering data from firms with fewer than 50 workers. We used McNemar's test to verify that the follow‐up survey provided results comparable to the EHBS, and t‐tests were used to determine nonresponse bias. We applied a simple weighting adjustment to the EHBS.Data Collection. The data for both the EHBS and the follow‐up survey were collected by the same survey research firm. The EHBS interviews the person most knowledgeable about the firm's health benefits, while the follow‐up survey interviews the first person who answers the telephone whether they are the most knowledgeable or not.Principal Findings. Firms with 3–9 workers were more likely to exhibit a bias than were firms with 10–24 workers and 25–49 workers. Although the calculated bias for each size category was not significant, there is sufficient evidence to warrant caution when reporting offer rates.Conclusions. Survey nonresponse in the EHBS produces an upward bias on estimates for the offer rates of small firms. Although not significant, this upward bias is because of nonresponse by small firms that do not offer health benefits. Our research is limited in that we only control for differences in the size of the firm.
SOMA (carisoprodol) toxicity in a dog
Authors: Lane Stephen G. , Mazzaferro Elisa 
Published: March 2005

AbstractObjective: To describe a case of SOMA intoxication in a dog.Case summary: A 13‐year‐old, 25 kg, female spayed Australian shepherd presented to the emergency service after ingestion of ten to fifteen 350 mg tablets of SOMA (carisoprodol), a muscle relaxant used for back pain in humans. Toxic effects of the drug in this dog included mild sinus tachycardia, respiratory depression, seizures, and ataxia. The dog's mentation progressively deteriorated from depressed to comatose within 1 hour after admission. Treatment on initial presentation consisted of induction of emesis while the dog still had a gag reflex, administration of activated charcoal, oxygen therapy, and supportive care. The dog was discharged to the owner prior to full recovery (4 days later).New or unique information provided: This is the first known report of carisoprodol intoxication in the dog.
Perioperative hypothermia
Authors: Armstrong Stacy R. , Roberts Brian K. , Aronsohn Michael 
Published: March 2005

AbstractObjective: To review the pathophysiology and management of perioperative hypothermia in dogs and cats.Data sources: Current veterinary and human literature regarding hypothermia was reviewed for this paper. Sources included but were not limited to the following: review articles, clinical trials, and experimental studies.Summary: Perioperative hypothermia is a common, treatable complication of general anesthesia. Homeostatic derangements in thermoregulation from anesthesia and abnormal vasoconstriction can produce alterations in hepatic function, coagulation, cardiac function, renal function, humoral and cellular immunity, and wound healing.Conclusion: Management of perioperative hypothermia includes passive and active surface rewarming along with active core rewarming. Measures to correct hypothermia will diminish the complications of altered mentation, immunity, cardiac function, and wound healing. Simple measures such as monitoring intraoperative temperature continuously, using circulating warm water blankets, forced air warming devices, and warm isotonic lavage fluids will aid in the correction of the hypothermic patient.
Hemocyanin in the exoskeleton of crustaceans: enzymatic properties and immunolocalization
Authors: Adachi Kohsuke , Endo Hirotoshi , Watanabe Toshiki , Nishioka Takaaki , Hirata Takashi 
Published: March 2005

SummaryWe investigated the enzymatic properties and immunohistochemical localization of cuticular hemocyanin, a known oxygen transporter in the prawn Penaeus japonicus. The molecular weight of hemocyanin purified from the cuticle was estimated to be 67–77 k using SDS‐PAGE, and the purified protein was effectively converted into a phenoloxidase‐like enzyme by an SDS‐treatment. The activated enzyme catalyzed the o‐hydroxylation of monophenols and the oxidation of o‐diphenols and was inhibited by typical inhibitors of phenoloxidase. These characteristics were nearly identical to the enzymatic properties of hemolymph hemocyanin. Immunological detection showed a diffuse distribution of hemocyanin over the exocuticle and endocuticle, and a higher signal level was observed in the latter. Based on these results, roles of hemocyanin in various physiological processes such as immune response and sclerotization of the cuticle were discussed.
Secrets to a healthy Sox life: lessons for melanocytes
Authors: Wegner Michael 
Published: March 2005

SummarySox proteins are transcriptional regulators with a high‐mobility‐group domain as sequence‐specific DNA‐binding domain. For function, they generally require other transcription factors as partner proteins. Sox proteins furthermore affect DNA topology and may shape the conformation of enhancer‐bound multiprotein complexes as architectural proteins. Recent studies suggest that Sox proteins are tightly regulated in their expression by many signalling pathways, and that their transcriptional activity is subject to post‐translational modification and sequestration mechanisms. Sox proteins are thus ideally suited to perform their many different functions as transcriptional regulators throughout mammalian development. Their unique properties also cause Sox proteins to escape detection in many standard transcription assays. In melanocytes, studies have so far focused on the Sox10 protein which functions both during melanocyte specification and at later times in the melanocyte lineage. During specification, Sox10 activates the Mitf gene as the key regulator of melanocyte development. At later stages, it ensures cell‐type specific expression of melanocyte genes such as Dopachrome tautomerase. Both activities require cooperation with transcriptional partner proteins such as Pax‐3, CREB and eventually Mitf. If predictions can be made from other cell lineages, further functions of Sox proteins in melanocytes may still lie ahead.
Genetic Variation in the Decay Resistance of Siberian Larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) Wood
Authors: VenälÄinen M. , Harju A.M. , Nikkanen T. , Paajanen L. , Velling P. , Viitanen H. 
Published: March 2005

Summary
The aim of the study was to estimate the degree of genetic determination in the decay resistance of Siberian
larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) wood and its correlation to other wood traits. The wood samples were
taken from 25-year-old grafted seed orchard clones with an increment core borer, dried, weighed, and
subjected to a laboratory decay test using a modified method based on the standardised EN 113 method.
One brown rot fungus, Coniophora puteana (Schum. ex Fr.) Karst., was used as the decaying organism.
The advantages of the method were the savings in time, the possibility to study standing trees, and the
potential for screening large numbers of samples at reasonable costs. The clonal repeatability was used
to estimate the degree of genetic determination. The genetic determination appeared to be stronger for
decay resistance than for growth characteristics or heartwood formation, but weaker than for wood density
or latewood formation. Decay resistance and the growth characteristics did not correlate.
On the Constraint-Based Failure Assessment of Surface Cracked Plates under Biaxial Loading
Authors: Wang X , Yu X 
Published: March 2005

Abstract
Surface cracked plates under biaxial loading represent an excellent model of cracked welded structures experiencing complex loadings. For example, girth and seam welds in pressure vessels are subject to biaxial stress fields. In this paper, the constraint-based failure assessment of surface cracked plates under biaxial tension loading is presented. As a comparison, the assessment of surface cracked plates under uniaxial tension loading is also presented. The elastic T-stress is used as the constraint parameter. The calculation of the stress intensity factors, T-stresses and limit loads for surface cracks under biaxial/uniaxial loadings are discussed. Failure assessments for typical points along the crack front for surface cracks are conducted. The failure assessment results are compared with available experimental observations.
Environmentally Influenced Fatigue in High Strength Steels
Authors: Lee EU , Vasudevan AK 
Published: March 2005

AbstractA study was conducted to identify the environmental influence on fatigue crack growth behavior of three high strength steels: AerMet 100, 300M, and 4340. These steels were subjected to fatigue tests under constant amplitude loading of frequency 10 Hz and stress ratios R = 0.1 and 0.9, in vacuum, air, and 3.5 % NaCl solution. The fatigue crack growth was characterized with two driving force parameters, stress intensity range, ΔK, and maximum stress intensity, Kmax. Especially, the variation of fatigue crack growth per time, da/dt, with Kmax in 3.5 % NaCl solution was evaluated with respect to R, environment, and threshold stress intensity for environmentally assisted cracking (EAC), KIEAC. In addition, the environmental influence on fatigue crack growth was examined with the fractographic features and trajectory path, drawn with the limiting values of ΔK and Kmax, ΔK* and Kmax*.
A Method for Calculation of Fastener Torque Specifications Which Includes Statistical Tolerancing
Authors: Reiff JD 
Published: March 2005

Abstract
The Monte Carlo simulation method is applied to quantify the probability of exceeding the maximum desired bolt exploitation for fasteners tightened to a torque specification. The simulation results are utilized to develop a method for the calculation of torque specifications such that the probability that a bolt will exceed the maximum desired bolt exploitation is thirty-two parts per million (ppm).
Rotrode Filter Spectroscopy: A Recently Improved Method to Detect and Analyze Large Wear and Contaminant Particles in Fluids
Authors: Lukas M , Yurko RJ , Anderson DP 
Published: March 2005

Abstract
Routine spectrochemical analysis of used oil samples with rotating disc electrode (RDE) or inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectrometers has become standard practice in machine condition monitoring programs to determine elemental content. Unfortunately, both of these techniques become less responsive to particles as they increase in size. To overcome this limitation, several complementary methods and analytical techniques to detect large particles in used oil have been applied, including acid digestion, ferrography, and X-ray analysis. Unfortunately, these techniques are not practical or economical to implement in a high sample throughput machine condition-monitoring program. One technique that has demonstrated success as a complementary method for detecting large particles is rotrode filter spectroscopy (RFS). RFS extends the capability of rotating disc electrode (RDE) spectrometers to detect particles greater than 10 μm in size.
Hominid Mandibular Remains from Sangiran: 1952–1986 Collection
Authors: Kaifu Yousuke , Aziz Fachroel , Baba Hisao 
Published: March 2005

AbstractEight hominid mandibular and associated dental remains discovered between 1952–1986 from the Early Pleistocene deposits of Sangiran, Central Java, are described. Although the specimens are surface finds, their original stratigraphic positions can be reasonably inferred on the basis of coincidental sources of information. These specimens significantly increase the dento‐gnathic sample available for intensive morphological investigation of the earliest Javanese hominids [Kaifu et al., 2005]. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.