bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myocardial sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 expression and cardiac remodelling in patients with severe aortic stenosis: The BIO‐AS study
Authors: Scisciola Lucia , Paolisso Pasquale , Belmonte Marta , Gallinoro Emanuele , Delrue Leen , Taktaz Fatemeh , Fontanella Rosaria Anna , Degrieck Ivan , Pesapane Ada , Casselman Filip , Puocci Armando , Franzese Martina , Van Praet Frank , Torella Michele , Marfella Raffaele , De Feo Marisa , Bartunek Jozef , Paolisso Giuseppe , Barbato Emanuele , Barbieri Michelangela , Vanderheyden Marc 
Published: January 2024

AimCardiac remodelling plays a major role in the prognosis of patients with aortic stenosis (AS) and could impact the benefits of aortic valve replacement. Our study aimed to evaluate the expression of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) gene and protein in patients with severe AS stratified in high gradient (HG) and low flow‐low gradient (LF‐LG) AS and its association with cardiac functional impairments.Methods and resultsGene expression and protein levels of main biomarkers of cardiac fibrosis (galectin‐3, sST2, serpin‐4, procollagen type I amino‐terminal peptide, procollagen type I carboxy‐terminal propeptide, collagen, transforming growth factor [TGF]‐β), inflammation (growth differentiation factor‐15, interleukin‐6, nuclear factor‐κB [NF‐κB]), oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase 1 [SOD1] and 2 [SOD2]), and cardiac metabolism (sodium–hydrogen exchanger, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor [PPAR]‐α, PPAR‐γ, glucose transporter 1 [GLUT1] and 4 [GLUT4]) were evaluated in blood samples and heart biopsies of 45 patients with AS. Our study showed SGLT2 gene and protein hyper‐expression in patients with LF‐LG AS, compared to controls and HG AS (p < 0.05). These differences remained significant even after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, history of diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, and coronary artery disease. SGLT2 gene expression was positively correlated with: (i) TGF‐β (r = 0.72, p < 0.001) and collagen (r = 0.73, p < 0.001) as markers of fibrosis; (ii) NF‐κB (r = 0.36, p < 0.01) and myocardial interleukin‐6 (r = 0.68, p < 0.001) as markers of inflammation: (iii) SOD2 (r = −0.38, p < 0.006) as a marker of oxidative stress; (iv) GLUT4 (r = 0.33, p < 0.02) and PPAR‐α (r = 0.36, p < 0.01) as markers of cardiac metabolism.ConclusionIn patients with LF‐LG AS, SGLT2 gene and protein were hyper‐expressed in cardiomyocytes and associated with myocardial fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
Bargaining‐based energy sharing framework for multiple CCHP systems with a shared energy storage provider
Authors: Mao Yunshou , Cai Zhihong , Wan Kai , Long Dafeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the present day, when centralized energy storage technology is becoming increasingly mature, the cooperative energy sharing framework between the combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) systems and a shared energy storage provider (SESP) can effectively promote the local consumption of renewable energy and reduce the social energy cost. In this study, the optimal operation models of CCHP and SESP are first developed by considering the electric energy trading of the CCHP and the SESP. Then the CCHP–SESP cooperative operation model is established based on Nash bargaining theory, followed by equating it into two subproblems of coalition social energy cost minimization and electric energy trading payment negotiation. The alternating direction method of multipliers approach is introduced to solve the energy‐sharing problems in a distributed way. Numerical simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed energy‐sharing framework. Simulation results show that the proposed bargaining‐based energy‐sharing framework can significantly reduce the social energy cost and improve the utilization rate of energy storage resources.
Editorial 2024: Large language models, artificial intelligence and geomorphology
Authors: Lane Stuart N. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLarge language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have seen an explosion of interest over the last 12 months. It is hard to see an area of education and research where we are not having to face the challenge they pose, a form of artificial intelligence (AI) that is capable of generating text in response to relatively minimum prompting. The text generated can be surprisingly convincing. We now have definitive evidence of work being submitted to Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (ESPL) that has made use of LLMs. As a result, the Editorial Board has recently developed its policy on the use of LLMs in authoring, reviewing and editing papers. In developing our policy, we have taken note that through the journal's publisher Wiley, we are a signatory to the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE, https://publicationethics.org/). COPE provides us with a framework within which our policy sits, one that given the speed with which LLMs are developing means that it will not be definitive and will surely need to be revisited over the not‐too‐distant future. This extended editorial explains our policy, specifies guidelines for authors, reviewers and editors and also reflects more generally on the positive opportunities and challenges that emerging forms of AI pose to our community and our stated goal of publishing research in geomorphology that is of the highest quality.
Effect of serum inflammatory factors in predicting co‐infection with influenza viruses and Omicron
Authors: Zhang Chengli , Wang Wei , Luo Xianglin , Yin Minggang , Guo Xiaolong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo identify the key differences in laboratory indicators between mono‐infection and co‐infection by influenza viruses and Omicron to facilitate timely adjustments in patient treatment strategies.MethodsPrealbumin and C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels were analyzed in 161 COVID‐19 cases infected by SARS‐CoV‐2 (wild type), 299 cases infected by Omicron, 95 cases infected by influenza virus A/B (Flu A/B) and 133 co‐infection cases infected with Flu A/B and Omicron. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and logistic regression equation were used to analyze the clinical predictive capacity of prealbumin and CRP in coinfected patients.ResultsThe co‐infected and wild‐type infected patients had significantly different CRP and prealbumin levels compared to mono‐infected patients with Omicron or Flu A/B (p < .001). The ROC curve results indicated that prealbumin was more efficient than CRP in identifying co‐infection from Omicron (AUC: 0.867 vs. 0.724) or Flu A/B (AUC: 0.797 vs. 0.730), and joint prediction significantly improved the diagnostic ability to discriminate co‐infection from mono‐infection (AUC: 0.934 and 0.887).ConclusionThe findings suggest that prealbumin is a valuable indicator that can warn of co‐infection and guide timely treatment decisions. Joint prediction may offer an even more effective diagnostic tool for discriminating co‐infection from mono‐infection.
The current state of pertussis vaccination in pregnancy around the world, with recommendations for improved care: Consensus statements from the Global Pertussis Initiative
Authors: Olson‐Chen Courtney , Swamy Geeta K. , Gonik Bernard , Forsyth Kevin , Heininger Ulrich , Hozbor Daniela , von König Carl Heinz Wirsing , Chitkara Amar J. , Top Karina A. , Muloiwa Rudzani , van der Schyff Malikah , Tan Tina Q. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBordetella pertussis, which causes a respiratory disease known as pertussis ("whooping cough") remains an important global challenge, with the incidence in pertussis cases increasing in recent years. Newborns and infants are at increased risk for severe morbidity and mortality from this bacterium. Vaccination in pregnancy has become an important strategy to both passively transfer immunity as well as prevent infection in pregnant persons, who are a major source of newborn infection, thus attempting to decrease the impact of this serious disease. It is considered safe for the pregnant person, the developing fetus, and the infant, and during the first 3 months of life it has been shown to be highly effective in preventing pertussis. There are a variety of strategies, recommendations, and adherence rates associated with pertussis vaccination in pregnancy around the world. We summarize the 2021 Global Pertussis Initiative Annual Meeting that reviewed the current global status of pertussis vaccination in pregnancy and remaining medical and scientific questions, with a focus on vaccination challenges and strategies for obstetric and gynecologic healthcare providers.
High‐performance diffusion model for inverse design of high Tc superconductors with effective doping and accurate stoichiometry
Authors: Zhong Chengquan , Zhang Jingzi , Wang Yuelin , Long Yanwu , Zhu Pengzhou , Liu Jiakai , Hu Kailong , Chen Junjie , Lin Xi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe pursuit of designing superconductors with high Tc has been a long‐standing endeavor. However, the widespread incorporation of doping in high Tc superconductors significantly impacts electronic structure, intricately influencing Tc. The complex interplay between the structural composition and material performance presents a formidable challenge in superconductor design. Based on a novel generative model, diffusion model, and doping adaptive representation: three‐channel matrix, we have designed a high Tc superconductors inverse design model called Supercon‐Diffusion. It has achieved remarkable success in accurately generating chemical formulas for doped high Tc superconductors. Supercon‐Diffusion is capable of generating superconductors that exhibit high Tc and excels at identifying the optimal doping ratios that yield the peak Tc. The doping effectiveness (55%) and electrical neutrality (55%) of the generated doped superconductors exceed those of traditional GAN models by more than tenfold. Density of state calculations on the structures further confirm the validity of the generated superconductors. Additionally, we have proposed 200 potential high Tc superconductors that have not been documented yet. This groundbreaking contribution effectively reduces the search space for high Tc superconductors. Moreover, it successfully establishes a bridge between the interrelated aspects of composition, structure, and property in superconductors, providing a novel solution for designing other doped materials.image
Informing adolescent substance misuse prevention: A parent focus group perspective
Authors: Hausheer Robin , Norris Kathleen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSubstance misuse during adolescence is an issue, and engaging parents in prevention efforts has significant positive impacts; yet barriers to engagement exist. The purpose of this qualitative parent focus group study was to understand the perspectives of participants (n = 5) about information and delivery platforms that will promote, engage, and support parents in prevention efforts. Thematic analyses identified five key themes from the semistructured interview: (1) educational support, (2) community support, (3) venues and platforms, (4) influences of other countries, and (5) potential barriers. Implications for clinical mental health and school counselors, and future research are discussed.
Nrf2 activation by hydroxytyrosol and dimethyl fumarate ameliorates skin tissue repair in high‐fat diet‐fed mice by promoting M2 macrophage polarization and normalizing inflammatory response and oxidative damage
Authors: de Carvalho Faria Regina Viana , Duarte Matheus Silva , de Souza Nogueira Jeane , Gregório Bianca Martins , Romana‐Souza Bruna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHydroxytyrosol (HT) or dimethyl fumarate (DMF), activators of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2), may reduce obesity in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed animals; nevertheless, the role of these activators on skin tissue repair of HFD‐fed animals was not reported. This study investigated whether HT or DMF could improve skin wound healing of HFD‐fed obese animals. Mice were fed with an HFD, treated with HT or DMF, and full‐thickness skin wounds were created. Macrophages isolated from control and obese animals were treated in vitro with HT. DMF, but not HT, reduced the body weight of HFD‐fed mice. Collagen deposition and wound closure were improved by HT or DMF in HFD‐fed animals. HT or DMF increased anti‐inflammatory macrophage phenotype and protein Nrf2 levels in wounds of HFD‐fed mice. Lipid peroxidation and protein tumor necrosis factor‐α levels were reduced by HT or DMF in wounds of HFD‐fed animals. In in vitro, HT stimulated Nrf2 activation in mouse macrophages isolated from obese animals. In conclusion, HT or DMF improves skin wound healing of HFD‐fed mice by reducing oxidative damage and inflammatory response. HT or DMF may be used as a therapeutic strategy to improve the skin healing process in individuals with obesity.
Enhanced electrocatalytic activity of palladium electrocatalysts supported on corncob biochar for ethanol oxidation reaction in alkaline medium
Authors: Alfonso Arwil Nathaniel R. , Villanueva Matthew L. , Laxamana Justienne Rei P. , Necesito Hannah Grace G. , Tongol Bernard John V. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, palladium particles supported on carbon black (Vulcan XC‐72) (Pd/C) and corncob biochar (Pd/CB800, Pd/CB900, and Pd/CB1000) were successfully synthesized using borohydride reduction. The biochar support was obtained from corncob waste via pyrolysis from 800 to 1000°C. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x‐ray (SEM–EDX) revealed successful deposition of Pd metal particles on the carbon support materials. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the crystalline structures of Pd, and the crystallite size was found to be smallest in Pd/CB900. The electrocatalytic activity of the Pd electrocatalyst composites towards ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) in an alkaline medium was investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV). CV analysis has shown that Pd/CB900 gave the least positive onset potential (Eonset = −0.587 ± 0.0065 V), highest electrochemically active surface area (EASA = 31.51 ± 2.24 m2·g−1), and highest anodic peak current density (If = 20.77 mA·cm−2) compared with Pd/CB800, Pd/CB1000, and Pd/C. Furthermore, the Tafel plot and chronoamperometry have shown that Pd/CB900 exhibited faster kinetics (Tafel slope = 297.6 ± 4.62 mV·dec−1) and durability (% current retention = 50.64 ± 2.99%) than Pd/C towards EOR in an alkaline medium. This study highlights the simple and straightforward synthesis of the anode electrocatalyst material for direct ethanol fuel cell application.
Sailing league problems
Authors: Schüler Robert , Schürmann Achill 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe describe a class of combinatorial design problems which typically occur in professional sailing league competitions. We discuss connections to resolvable block designs and equitable coverings and to scheduling problems in operations research. We in particular give suitable boolean quadratic and integer linear optimization problem formulations, as well as further heuristics and restrictions, that can be used to solve sailing league problems in practice. We apply those techniques to three case studies obtained from real sailing leagues and compare the results with previously used tournament plans.
The odd couple: Caffeine and microplastics. Morphological and physiological changes in Mytilus galloprovincialis
Authors: Impellitteri Federica , Briglia Marilena , Porcino Caterina , Stoliar Oksana , Yunko Katerina , Germanà Antonino , Piccione Giuseppe , Faggio Caterina , Guerrera Maria Cristina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the presence of pharmaceuticals and microplastics (MPs) in aquatic ecosystems has raised concerns about their environmental impact. This study explores the combined effects of caffeine, a common pharmaceutical pollutant, and MPs on the marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Caffeine, at concentrations of 20.0 μg L−1, and MPs (1 mg L−1, 35–50 μm size range), was used to mimic real‐world exposure scenarios. Two hundred M. galloprovincialis specimens were divided into four groups: caffeine, MPs, Mix (caffeine + MPs), and Control. After a two‐week acclimation period, the mollusks were subjected to these pollutants in oxygen‐aerated aquariums under controlled conditions for 14 days. Histopathological assessments were performed to evaluate gill morphology. Cellular volume regulation and digestive gland cell viability were also analyzed. Exposure to caffeine and MPs induced significant morphological changes in M. galloprovincialis gills, including cilia loss, ciliary disk damage, and cellular alterations. The chitinous rod supporting filaments also suffered damage, potentially due to MP interactions, leading to hemocyte infiltration and filament integrity compromise. Hemocytic aggregation suggested an inflammatory response to caffeine. In addition, viability assessments of digestive gland cells revealed potential damage to cell membranes and function, with impaired cell volume regulation, particularly in the Mix group, raising concerns about nutrient metabolism disruption and organ function compromise. These findings underscore the vulnerability of M. galloprovincialis to environmental pollutants and emphasize the need for monitoring and mitigation efforts.Research Highlights
The synergy of caffeine and microplastics (MPs) in aquatic ecosystems warrants investigation.
MPs and caffeine could affect gill morphology of Mytilus galloprovincialis.
Caffeine‐exposed cells had lower viability than the control group in the NR retention test.
MPs and mix‐exposed cells struggled to recover their volume.
Extracellular vesicles from periodontal pathogens regulate hepatic steatosis via Toll‐like receptor 2 and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1
Authors: Kim Hyun Young , Lim Younggap , Jang Ji Sun , Ko Yeon Kyeong , Choi Youngnim , Kim Hong‐Hee , Choi Bong‐Kyu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPlasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by lipid accumulation in the liver. In this study, we showed that extracellular vesicles (EVs) from the periodontal pathogens Filifactor alocis and Porphyromonas gingivalis induced steatosis by inducing PAI‐1 in the liver and serum of mice fed a low‐fat diet. PAI‐1 induction was not observed in TLR2−/− mice. When tested using HEK‐Blue hTLR2 cells, human TLR2 reporter cells, the TLR2‐activating ability of serum from NAFLD patients (n = 100) was significantly higher than that of serum from healthy subjects (n = 100). Correlation analysis confirmed that PAI‐1 levels were positively correlated with the TLR2‐activating ability of serum from NAFLD patients and healthy subjects. Amphiphilic molecules in EVs were involved in PAI‐1 induction. Our data demonstrate that the TLR2/PAI‐1 axis is important for hepatic steatosis by EVs of periodontal pathogens.
Exploration of support for Black, Indigenous, and people of color students in genetic counseling programs
Authors: Jagannathan Dhriti , MacFarlane Ian M. , Zierhut Heather 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStudents in higher education who identify as Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) experience racism, discrimination, and microaggressions through tokenization, hypervisibility, invisibility, and marginalization. The experiences of BIPOC genetic counseling students with curriculum, clinical training, and sense of belonging also differ. Therefore, there is a large need for understanding how support is defined by BIPOC genetic counseling students, and then how to integrate specific aspects of training into a practical framework for programs to address racism and the resulting emotional implications. This study aimed to define current practices of support and identify gaps in genetic counseling programs as described by BIPOC students. BIPOC genetic counseling students (N = 40) were recruited through Listserv, social media, and Slack channels to complete an online survey eliciting demographic data, perspectives on support, and available support resources. The online survey consisted of 22 open‐ and closed‐ended questions. Data were collected over a 5‐week period. Open‐ended responses were coded by thematic analysis and audited. The top three supports were as follows: (1) presence of other BIPOC students; (2) presence of BIPOC faculty; and (3) financial funding. Participants' individual definitions of support indicated that each student defined support in a unique way. Most participants defined understanding and empathy stemming from peers, supervisors, and faculty within the program setting as important aspects of overall support. The majority of participants felt somewhat or strongly supported in areas of training. The area with the least support was within rotation/fieldwork experiences. Programs should consider social‐ and program‐level support combined with emotional support. Individualized support for every student is needed while avoiding assumptions about their identity and support needs. Training programs may consider a balance of efforts to prioritize recruiting more BIPOC faculty and students and providing the outlined support and funding resources for their students.
Picture this: Evaluating the efficacy of genetic counseling visual aids
Authors: Pederson Viviane , Rietzler Jennifer , Freeman Abigail , Petty Elizabeth M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVisual aids have been validated as effective tools for educating patients in a variety of medical settings. However, research exploring the efficacy and potential benefit of genetic counseling visual aids is lacking. To begin to address this gap, this study assessed participant knowledge of genetic counseling concepts after viewing either visual or non‐visual educational content. Participants were recruited from the general population using the crowdsourcing platform Mechanical Turk. Wilcoxon rank‐sum tests were carried out to evaluate differences in knowledge survey scores between the visual and non‐visual groups, and Poisson regression models were fitted to evaluate these differences across a variety of demographic backgrounds. The visual group had equal or higher scores than the non‐visual group across all analyses. The difference in group scores was statistically significant for autosomal recessive inheritance knowledge scores (p < 0.05). In addition, this difference was approaching significance for higher‐level knowledge scores (p = 0.05) and total knowledge scores in individuals who have not completed post‐secondary education (p = 0.05). These results indicate that visual aids improve knowledge of specific genetic counseling concepts such as inheritance patterns; the education of which is often integral to genetic counseling. These results also indicate that visual aids may facilitate a deeper understanding of genetic counseling concepts and may be particularly valuable for individuals with lower educational backgrounds. Together, the results of this study support the inclusion of visual aids in genetic counseling education to help improve patient understanding and the accessibility of genetic healthcare information.
Additional findings on S‐parameter bounds valid for unconditionally stable N‐ports
Authors: Colangeli Sergio , Serino Antonio , Ciccognani Walter , Longhi Patrick E. , Limiti Ernesto 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn a recent paper, it has been shown that, if an N‐port network fulfills the condition of (geometrical) unconditional stability at a given frequency, then its scattering parameters will also necessarily satisfy N easily computable bounds, one per port. In order to complete that picture, this contribution investigates whether a tighter bound can be obtained by combining the bounds into just one. The answer is in general negative, except that the 3‐port case does indeed exhibit a peculiar behavior: this can be exploited to reduce the upper bound when the diagonal elements of the scattering matrix are limited in magnitude up to some , and in particular for (simultaneous conjugate match).