bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PD‐Gait: Contactless and privacy‐preserving gait measurement of Parkinson's disease patients using acoustic signals
Authors: Li Zeshui , Pan Yang , Dai Haipeng , Zhang Wenhao , Li Zhen , Wang Wei , Chen Guihai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this article, we propose a mobile edge computing (MEC)‐related system named PD‐Gait, which can measure gait parameters of Parkinson's disease patients in a contactless and privacy‐preserving manner. We utilize inaudible acoustic signals and band‐pass filters to achieve privacy data protection in the physical layer. The proposed framework can be easily deployed in the mobile end of MEC, and hence release the edge server in cybersecurity attacks fighting. The gait parameters include stride cycle time length and moving speed, and hence providing an objective basis for the doctors' judgment. PD‐Gait utilizes acoustic signals in bands from 16 to 23 kHz to achieve device‐free sensing, which would release both doctors and patients from the tedious wearing process and psychological burden caused by traditional wearable devices. To achieve robust measurement, we propose a novel acoustic ranging method to avoid “broken tones” and “uneven peak distribution” in the received data. The corresponding ranging accuracy is 0.1 m. We also propose auto‐focus micro‐Doppler features to extract robust stride cycle time length, and can achieve an accuracy of 0.052 s. We deployed PD‐Gait in a brain hospital and collected data from 8 patients. The total walked distance is over 330 m. From the overall trend, our results are highly correlated with the doctor's judgment.
Cisco population characteristics in Wisconsin lakes in relation to lake- and landscape-level factors
Authors: Dembkowski Daniel J. , Shrovnal Jeremiah S. , Parks Timothy P. , Sass Greg G. , Lyons John , Isermann Daniel A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
Declines in Cisco Coregonus artedi populations in some inland lakes have prompted assessments of Cisco occurrence and extirpation risk in relation to various stressors to identify refuge lakes and factors that promote Cisco persistence. However, most previous assessments have focused on presence–absence of Cisco rather than examining how population characteristics, such as relative abundance or growth, might change in relation to lake- and landscape-level environmental factors. Consequently, our specific objectives were to identify important environmental factors explaining variation in Cisco relative abundance and growth and to determine whether population metrics describing size and age distributions were related to relative abundance in Wisconsin inland lakes.

Methods
Cisco were collected from 48 inland Wisconsin lakes during 2011–2015 using vertical monofilament gill nets and population-specific relative abundance estimates (catch per unit effort [CPUE]) were quantified as the number of individuals per gill-net night. Sagittal otoliths were removed from a subsample of Cisco for age estimation and growth was indexed as mean total length (TL; mm) at age 2. Length and age data were used to develop a suite of metrics describing size and age distributions of each population. Random forest models were used to evaluate relationships between 10 biologically relevant predictor variables representing variation in physical, climatic, catchment, and limnological characteristics and Cisco CPUE and growth. Pearson correlations were used to determine whether population characteristics were related to CPUE.

Result
Cisco populations exhibited large variation in relative abundance, growth, and size and age distributions. Best-fit random forest models explained approximately 25% of the variation in Cisco CPUE and 46% of the variation in growth. Growing degree-days and variables associated with availability, quality, and quantity of suitable oxythermal conditions were identified as important predictors of both Cisco CPUE and growth; CPUE was also identified as an important predictor of growth. Mean TL and mean TL at age 2 were negatively related to Cisco CPUE, whereas mean age, number of age-classes present, and maximum observed age were positively related to CPUE.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that maintenance of suitable oxythermal habitat conditions may be critical to conserving abundant Cisco populations. Our assessment also provides insights on how Cisco populations may respond to environmental and anthropogenic stressors, which could aid ongoing and future conservation and management efforts in Wisconsin and elsewhere.
Midwestern In‐service Teachers' Raciolinguistic Mindset and Pedagogies for Emergent Bilingual Learners: Whose Equity and Excellence Are We Seeking For?
Authors: Song Kim H. , Schultz Lyndsie Marie , Child Gregory , Kim Sujin , Dorner Lisa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis mixed methods study examined how a National Professional Development Grant project's first cohort (2018–2020) in the Midwest impacted mostly White and monolingual inservice teachers who work with emergent bilingual learners (EBLs). Two research questions (RQs) guided this study: RQ1: What were the inservice teachers English language ideologies and their confidence in teaching EBLs after they completed professional development on racially, linguistically, and culturally (RLC) responsive teaching mindsets and pedagogies? and RQ2: How did the inservice teachers respond to prompts about raciolinguistic ideologies and EBLs' use of Standard American English? Quantitative t‐tests and factor analyses on pre‐post teacher surveys were conducted to investigate RQ1. Qualitative open and axial analyses on teachers' reflections to prompts about language ideologies were completed for RQ2. Quantitative results revealed that a majority of the participating teachers reported improved confidence in developing RLC responsive teaching strategies for EBLs. At the same time, their reflections showed that they persisted in their deeply‐rooted raciolinguistic ideologies about English, even though they intended to acknowledge and appreciate EBLs' use of language varieties.
Diagnosis and assessment of disease severity in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Li Jie , Delamarre Adèle , Wong Vincent Wai‐Sun , de Lédinghen Victor 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes simple steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and eventually cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The diagnosis of NAFLD is based on the detection of excess fat disposition in the liver, which is the first step to trigger further evaluation of NAFLD, including necroinflammation and fibrosis. In this review, we discuss non‐invasive biomarkers and imaging tools that are currently and potentially available for different features (steatosis, necroinflammation and fibrosis) and disease severity assessment of NAFLD. In the past 2 decades, advances in non‐invasive tests of fibrosis have transformed the management of NAFLD. Blood and imaging biomarkers have already been evaluated in multiple studies for the diagnosis of fibrosis and cirrhosis. Among the various histological features of NAFLD, the degree of fibrosis has the strongest correlation with liver‐related morbidity and mortality. Non‐invasive tests of fibrosis have been shown to predict liver‐related outcomes, both in the general population and among patients with NAFLD. What is lacking, however, is good data to support the use of non‐invasive tests as monitoring and response biomarkers. With the conclusion of several large phase 3 studies in the next few years, the availability of paired liver biopsy, non‐invasive test and clinical outcome data will likely advance the field and shed light on new biomarkers and the way to use various non‐invasive tests in a longitudinal manner.
Wind turbine main bearing rating lives as determined by IEC 61400‐1 and ISO 281: A critical review and exploratory case study
Authors: Kenworthy Jarred , Hart Edward , Stirling James , Stock Adam , Keller Jonathan , Guo Yi , Brasseur James , Evans Rhys 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper studies the rating lives of wind turbine main bearings, as determined by the IEC 61400‐1 and ISO 281 standards. A critical review of relevant bearing life theory and turbine design requirements is provided, including discussion on possible shortcomings such as the existence (or not) of the bearing fatigue load limit and the validity of assuming linear damage accumulation. A detailed exploratory case study is then undertaken to determine rating lives for two models of main bearing in a 1.5 MW wind turbine. Rating life assessment is carried out under different conditions, including various combinations of main bearing temperature, wind field characteristics, lubricant viscosity, and contamination levels. Rating lives are found to be sufficiently above the desired 20‐year design life for both bearing models under expected operating conditions. For the larger bearing, operational loads are shown to be below or close to the bearing fatigue load limit a vast majority of the time. Key sensitivities for rating life values are temperature and contamination. Overall, the results of this study suggest that an ISO 281 rating life assessment does not account for reported rates of main bearing failures in 1 to 3 MW wind turbines. It is recommended that a similar analysis be undertaken for ISO/TS 16281 rating lives, along with further efforts to identify principal root causes of main bearing failures in future work, possibly leading to a new application standard specific to this component. It is also recommended that the impacts of partial wake impingement on main bearing rating lives are investigated.
The role of sustainable business networks in promoting a Circular Economy in Africa—A systematic literature review
Authors: Muzamwese Tawanda Collins , Franco‐Garcia Laura , Heldeweg Michiel A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn order to achieve transition toward a Circular Economy (CE), multiple stakeholder partnerships are required. Although the CE shows proven potential and impact, the implementation is still very low in developing and transition countries. The role of networks in promoting the CE is assessed, including the impact which network participation has on the implementation of a CE at company level. Although firm level capabilities can be enhanced by network participation, a lot of knowledge gaps exist regarding the orientation and structure of networks; governance models for networks and the high impact activities that can be implemented. A systematic literature review was undertaken to characterize the role of sustainable business networks in green industrial transformation. The approach to literature review included keyword search, title analysis, search title analysis, abstract analysis and systematic review of contents for full review of 50 research articles from Web of Science, Scopus and literature. Barriers, cognitions and challenges in the operation of sustainable business networks were clearly analyzed, including knowledge gaps existing in literature. Database search and document review was undertaken to determine the role and impact of sustainable business networks in promoting a CE in comparison to idiosyncratic organizations without any affiliation. The review enabled determination of the policies which promote sustainable business networks, network structure, governance, and success factors. We conclude that sustainable business networks have an impact on the CE transformation in selected African countries. Implementation success could be explained by contextual factors within sustainable business network boundaries.This article is categorized under:
Climate and Environment > Pollution Prevention
Climate and Environment > Circular Economy
Policy and Economics > Green Economics and Financing
Inverse multiquadric kernel‐based neuro heuristic approach to analyze the unsteady MHD nanofluid flow via permeable elongating surface
Authors: Butt Zeeshan Ikram , Ahmad Iftikhar , Hussain Syed Ibrar , Raja Muhammad Asif Zahoor , Shoaib Muhammad , Ilyas Hira 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, a novel neuro heuristic approach is designed to investigate the flow properties of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) nanofluid along an exponentially extending sheet with a permeable medium with the impact of radiation as well as fluctuating heat source/sink. The designed scheme to handle the suggested problem is established through the well‐known biologically inspired neural networks (BINNs) by exploiting the inverse multiquadric kernel (IMQK), that is, BINNs‐IMQK which is quite a new approach. The partial differential equations (PDEs) which govern the fluidic flow are reformed into a nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using the most fitted similarity transformations rules and numerically solved by varying the parametric values including unsteady parameter, Brownian motion parameter, suction/injection parameter, radiation parameter, Schmidt number together with Prandtl number to visualize the velocity, thermal gradient, and mass transfer in the suggested fluid problem. It is noticed that nanofluid temperature hikes by uplifting the value of the Brownian motion parameter but this effect is reversed in case of unsteady parameter. The obtained numerical results are verified through reference solution using the well‐known Adams method and the efficacy of the suggested solver is endorsed using a variety of statistical operators.
The Performance Success Criteria and Tests of Social Restorations and Rehabilitations
Authors: Norkus Zenonas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhen it comes to restoration of capitalism, which is the distinctive feature of post-communist restorations, the token restoration of capitalism is a variety of rehabilitation that can draw on the survivals from its capitalist past (survivors infested with a capitalist economic culture) and construct continuity with this past by the restitution of property rights. However, the simple transfer of restoration success criteria and other conceptual templates from restoration ecology and cultural heritage management may expose my project to the reproach that it has an anti-revolutionary bias in general and an anti-socialist bias in particular.
The Bureau Local: A Hybrid Network for Local Collaborative Investigative Journalism
Authors: Park Michelle , Konow-Lund Maria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCollaborative journalistic investigations rose to new prominence with the Panama Papers (2016) and Paradise Papers (2017) projects, both of which involved enormous amounts of data shared amongst an international network of journalists who coordinated their analyses. Whereas many are familiar with these cross-national collaborations when they are led by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists, for example, it is less widely recognised that similar processes have been undertaken among local communities and cities as well. As discussed in the introduction to Part 2, Chadwick (2017, p. 4) highlights the ‘hybrid media system’ wherein older (more traditional) norms and practices merge with newer ones, and vice versa. While existing global journalistic collaborations inspired the founding of the Bureau Local, its collaborators are somewhat different from those involved in larger efforts. Instead of relying upon journalists from traditional legacy media organisations for such cross-national collaborations (Carson, 2020; Reese, 2021), the Bureau Local engages both professional and amateur reporters from many walks of life for its diverse activities.
A Hybrid Investigative Ecology
Authors: Konow-Lund Maria , Park Michelle 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn Part 2, we have looked at what we called ‘hybrid elements’ in emerging organisations focused on investigative journalism and holding power to account. Since the turn of the millennium, scholars have generally focused on how the institution of the press has begun to crumble in the face of a paradigmatic change in its relationship to audience, thanks to the impact of digitisation and especially social media and big technology companies (Deuze & Witschge, 2020; Hermida, 2016; Kovach & Rosenstiel, 2021). In his conclusion to The crisis of the institutional press, Reese (2021) nevertheless strikes a hopeful chord in applauding the emergence of ‘hybrid institutions’ (p. 161) around investigative projects such as the Panama Papers and the work of the International Consortium for Investigative Journalists to promote collaboration among its actors (pp. 116–117). Still, he does not define investigative journalism as a hybrid practice as such.
How a COVID-19 Live Tracker Led to Innovation in Investigative Journalism
Authors: Konow-Lund Maria , Wiik Jenny 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe practice of investigative journalism is constantly pushing the boundaries of what journalism can do and should be. While certain core values remain intact, professionals readily experiment with new methods, forms of collaboration and technological solutions. In times of crisis, this inherent innovative power can be further accelerated and amplified. In this chapter, we explore the intersection of crisis, innovation and journalistic boundaries, as progress in this field inevitably produces questions and negotiations concerning both boundaries and definitions. Research on the ways in which journalists adapt or innovate during (and due to) crises is scarce, but the COVID-19 pandemic offered a unique opportunity to fill this gap. In the midst of the pandemic, a team of Norwegian researchers managed to gain access to the ongoing implementation of an infection-related data tracker at the most-read online newspaper in Norway. Team members were able to explore how this new tool impacted journalistic autonomy, cross-disciplinary work, and the relationship between staff and management (Konow-Lund et al., 2022).
Classic Lightweight Design
Authors: Wiedemann Martin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlong the process chain, Fig 1.3, new materials, better material properties, improved and more accurate design methods, new design concepts, new joining technologies, more efficient production technologies, and new automated quality assurance processes make diverse contributions to optimised and more cost-effective lightweight design. The basis is carbon-fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP), Sect. 1.3, whose lightweight design potential can be exploited much more extensively with the research results cited below as examples.
Perturbation theory for the logarithm of a positive operator
Authors: Lashkari Nima , Liu Hong , Rajagopal Srivatsan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In various contexts in mathematical physics, such as out-of-equilibrium physics and the asymptotic information theory of many-body quantum systems, one needs to compute the logarithm of a positive unbounded operator. Examples include the von Neumann entropy of a density matrix and the flow of operators with the modular Hamiltonian in the Tomita-Takesaki theory. Often, one encounters the situation where the operator under consideration, which we denote by ∆, can be related by a perturbative series to another operator ∆0, whose logarithm is known. We set up a perturbation theory for the logarithm log ∆. It turns out that the terms in the series possess a remarkable algebraic structure, which enables us to write them in the form of nested commutators plus some “contact terms”.
Supersymmetric Cardy formula and the Weak Gravity Conjecture in AdS/CFT
Authors: Cho Minseok , Choi Sunjin , Lee Ki-Hong , Song Jaewon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) in anti-de Sitter spacetime (AdS) asserts the existence of an operator in the boundary conformal field theory (CFT) whose scaling dimension-to-charge ratio satisfies a certain upper bound. This bound is specified by the ratio of the conformal central charge c and the flavor central charge kF. We propose a modified bound in AdS5/CFT4, determined by a combination of two central charges 3c − 2a instead of c. This combination arises in the Cardy-like limit of the 4d superconformal index, which captures the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of large BPS black holes in AdS5. Using the new bound, we find that certain superconformal field theories (SCFTs) that are previously thought to violate the AdS WGC, including SQCDs in the conformal window, do satisfy the WGC. We check this version of the WGC against all possible superconformal gauge theories with SU(N) gauge group admitting a large N limit when the superpotential is absent. We conjecture the modified version of the WGC is a generic property of any 4d SCFT, regardless of the existence of a weakly coupled gravity dual or a large N limit.
Positivity bounds on Higgs-portal freeze-in dark matter
Authors: Kim Seong-Sik , Lee Hyun Min , Yamashita Kimiko 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We consider the relic density and positivity bounds for freeze-in scalar dark matter with general Higgs-portal interactions up to dimension-8 operators. When dimension-4 and dimension-6 Higgs-portal interactions are proportional to mass squares for Higgs or scalar dark matter in certain microscopic models such as massive graviton, radion or general metric couplings with conformal and disformal modes, we can take the dimension-8 derivative Higgs-portal interactions to be dominant for determining the relic density via the 2-to-2 thermal scattering of the Higgs fields after reheating. We discuss the implications of positivity bounds for microscopic models. First, massive graviton or radion mediates attractive forces between Higgs and scalar dark matter and the resultant dimension-8 operators respect the positivity bounds. Second, the disformal couplings in the general metric allow for the subluminal propagation of graviton but violate the positivity bounds. We show that there is a wide parameter space for explaining the correct relic density from the freeze-in mechanism and the positivity bounds can curb out the dimension-8 derivative Higgs-portal interactions nontrivially in the presence of the similar dimension-8 self-interactions for Higgs and dark matter.
Searching for butterflies in dS JT gravity
Authors: Blommaert Andreas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We investigate out of time ordered correlators in the bulk of dS JT gravity, using Schwarzian perturbation theory, and propose that these out of time ordered correlators are encoded on the second sheet of the gravitational path integral, different sheets corresponding to different gravitational operator orderings. Implementing this in practice, we establish maximal chaos, in agreement with shockwave intuition.