bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal iron supplementation adjusted to maternal iron stores reduces behavioural problems in 4‐year‐old children
Authors: Iglesias‐Vázquez Lucía , Canals Josefa , Hernández‐Martínez Carmen , Voltas Núria , Arija Victoria 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrenatal iron supplementation improves children's health and cognitive performance, but few studies explore behavioural development. This study assessed the effects of adjusting prenatal iron supplementation to maternal iron stores during early pregnancy on children's behavioural problems. Randomized controlled trial conducted in Tarragona (Spain) involving 230 nonanaemic pregnant women and their children after a 4‐year follow‐up. Based on haemoglobin (Hb) levels before gestational week (GW) 12, women receive different iron doses: those with Hb = 110–130 g/L were randomized to receive 80 or 40 mg/day and those with Hb > 130 g/L were randomized to receive 20 or 40 mg/day. Maternal iron stores at GW12 were classified using serum ferritin (SF) as low (SF < 15 µg/L), normal (SF = 15–65 µg/L), and normal‐high (SF > 65 µg/L). Children's behaviour was assessed by parents using the Child Behaviour Checklist for ages 1.5–5 years and the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function‐Preschool Version, and by teachers using the Teacher's Report Form for ages 1.5–5 years. Multivariable regression models were performed. Taking 80 mg/day of iron improved child behaviour when women had low iron stores but worsened it when mothers had normal–high iron stores, except for depressive and attention/hyperactivity problems. Taking 20 mg/day of iron improved behaviour only in those children whose mothers had SF > 65 µg/L in early pregnancy. Additionally, executive functioning improved at high doses of prenatal iron when maternal baseline SF < 15 µg/L. Adjusting prenatal iron supplementation to both maternal baseline Hb levels and iron stores reduces behavioural problems in 4‐year‐old children.
Conduction velocity mapping in atrial fibrillation using omnipolar technology
Authors: Okubo Yousaku , Oguri Naoto , Sakai Takumi , Uotani Yukimi , Furutani Motoki , Miyamoto Shogo , Miyauchi Shunsuke , Okamura Sho , Tokuyama Takehito , Nakano Yukiko 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies have shown that atrial slow conduction velocity (CV) is associated with the perpetuation of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the criteria of CV measurement have not been standardized. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the slow CV area (SCVA) measured by novel omnipolar technology (OT) and AF recurrence.MethodsThis study included 90 patients with AF who underwent initial pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). The segmented surface area of the SCVA was measured by left atrial (LA) electrophysiological mapping using OT before the PVI. The proportion of the SCVA at each cutoff value of CV (from < 0.6 to < 0.9 m/s) was compared between the patients with and without AF recurrence.ResultsDuring a mean follow‐up period of 516 ± 197 days, the recurrence of AF after the initial PVI was observed in 23 (25.5%) patients. In patients with AF recurrence, the proportion of the SCVA in the LA posterior, LA appendage (LAA), and LA anterior were significantly higher than those without AF recurrence. The multivariate analysis indicated that the proportion of the low voltage area and the SCVA in the LA anterior (local CV < 0.7 m/s) were independent predictors of AF recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.14; p = 0.03; HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.07–1.83; p = 0.01, respectively).ConclusionBy evaluating the local CV using OT, it was indicated that SCVA with CV < 0.7 m/s in the LA anterior is strongly associated with AF recurrence after PVI.
Noninvasive respiratory support preventing reintubation after pediatric cardiac surgery—A systematic review
Authors: Kuitunen Ilari , Uimonen Mikko 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the optimal postextubation respiratory support in pediatric cardiac surgery patients.DesignSystematic review of randomized controlled trials.SettingPediatric or neonatal intensive care units.ParticipantsAll aged children (<16 years) having cardiac surgery and postoperative invasive ventilation.InterventionNoninvasive respiratory support, including high flow nasal cannula (HFNC), conventional oxygen therapy (COT), noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive pressure (CPAP), and noninvasive high‐frequency oscillatory ventilation (NHFOV).Measurement and Main ResultsStudies were not pooled for statistical synthesis due to the limited number and quality of the included studies. Risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated for individual studies. A total of 167 studies were screened and six were included. The risk of bias was low in one, high in one, and had some concerns in four of the studies. Extubation failure (defined as reintubation) was the main outcome of interest. Risk ratio for reintubation was 0.10 (CI 0.02–0.40) and 1.07 (CI 0.16–7.26) in HFNC versus COT, 0.49 (CI 0.05–5.28) in HFNC versus NIPPV, 0.40 (CI 0.08–1.94) in HFNOV versus CPAP, 0.75 (CI 0.26–2.18) in HFNOV versus NIPPV, and 1.37 (CI 0.33–5.73) in CPAP versus NIPPV. Treatment durations did not differ between the groups.ConclusionWe did not find clear evidence of a difference in reintubation rates and other clinical outcomes between different noninvasive ventilation strategies. Evidence certainty was assessed to be very low due to the risk of bias, the small number of included studies, and high imprecision. Future quality studies are needed to determine the optimal postextubation support in pediatric cardiac surgery patients.
Molecular responses of agroinfiltrated Nicotiana benthamiana leaves expressing suppressor of silencing P19 and influenza virus‐like particles
Authors: Hamel Louis‐Philippe , Tardif Rachel , Poirier‐Gravel Francis , Rasoolizadeh Asieh , Brosseau Chantal , Giroux Geneviève , Lucier Jean‐François , Goulet Marie‐Claire , Barrada Adam , Paré Marie‐Ève , Roussel Élise , Comeau Marc‐André , Lavoie Pierre‐Olivier , Moffett Peter , Michaud Dominique , D'Aoust Marc‐André 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThe production of influenza vaccines in plants is achieved through transient expression of viral hemagglutinins (HAs), a process mediated by the bacterial vector Agrobacterium tumefaciens. HA proteins are then produced and matured through the secretory pathway of plant cells, before being trafficked to the plasma membrane where they induce formation of virus‐like particles (VLPs). Production of VLPs unavoidably impacts plant cells, as do viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs) that are co‐expressed to increase recombinant protein yields. However, little information is available on host molecular responses to foreign protein expression. This work provides a comprehensive overview of molecular changes occurring in Nicotiana benthamiana leaf cells transiently expressing the VSR P19, or co‐expressing P19 and an influenza HA. Our data identifies general responses to Agrobacterium‐mediated expression of foreign proteins, including shutdown of chloroplast gene expression, activation of oxidative stress responses and reinforcement of the plant cell wall through lignification. Our results also indicate that P19 expression promotes salicylic acid (SA) signalling, a process dampened by co‐expression of the HA protein. While reducing P19 level, HA expression also induces specific signatures, with effects on lipid metabolism, lipid distribution within membranes and oxylipin‐related signalling. When producing VLPs, dampening of P19 responses thus likely results from lower expression of the VSR, crosstalk between SA and oxylipin pathways, or a combination of both outcomes. Consistent with the upregulation of oxidative stress responses, we finally show that reduction of oxidative stress damage through exogenous application of ascorbic acid improves plant biomass quality during production of VLPs.
The relationship between women's climate change awareness and concerns about climate change in Turkiye
Authors: Demir Rukiye , Yalazı Rüveyda Ölmez , DINÇ Ayten 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study was conducted to examine the relationship between women's awareness of climate change and their worries about climate change in terms of women's health in Turkiye.Study designCross‐sectional survey.MethodsThe research was conducted in a descriptive study design in the relational survey model. The sample of the study consisted of 321 women. Data were collected with the “Personal Information Form, Adaptation of Awareness to Climate Change Questionnaire, Climate Change Worry Scale.”ResultsThe total mean score of the Awareness to Climate Change Scale for Women was 2.32 ± 0.61 (moderate awareness), and the total mean score of the Climate Change Worry Scale was 2.76 ± 0.84 (moderate anxiety). There was a statistically significant, positive but weak relationship between women's worries about climate change and their awareness to climate change (r = 0.373, p < .001).ConclusionsAs women's awareness to climate change increases, their worries about climate change increase.
Undergraduate nursing student's attitudes to learning during clinical practice in different semesters when using a conceptual learning model grounded in a caritative caring perspective – A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Koldestam Maria , Rolander Bo , Broström Anders , Lindqvist Gunilla , Knutsson Susanne 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo describe undergraduate nursing students' attitudes to learning during clinical practice in different semesters when using the conceptual learning model, Model for Improvements in Learning Outcomes (MILO) grounded in a caritative caring perspective.BackgroundWith the intention to support interlinking between theory and praxis and offer understanding and structure to facilitate learning, MILO, theoretically grounded in hermeneutics and a caritative caring perspective based on ethical values, was implemented. MILO consists of four contextual concepts (peer learning, co‐clinical teachers, student‐centred and student‐active supervision) and four intrapersonal concepts (nursing, a reflective approach, a critical approach, quality and safety).MethodsA descriptive comparative quantitative study design was applied at a Swedish university, 3 hospitals and 13 municipalities in one county. Cross‐sectional data collected via a questionnaire developed to assess attitudes to learning related to MILO's contextual and intrapersonal concepts and their applications were used.Results209 students in semester 3, 4 and 6 participated in 6 different clinical practice courses. In comparison, intrapersonal concepts, that is, the student's own characteristics and abilities were viewed to be of greater value for learning than contextual, that is, organisational‐related concepts in all semesters. Understanding the needs of others and reflective learning were rated to be of major importance. Students in semester 3 valued the use of the applications the highest. To be supervised in pairs was rated the lowest in semester 6. Some of the concepts and their applications were to great extent not applied.ConclusionsIn all semesters, fundamentals in caritative caring and characteristics and abilities related to the individual student were rated to be of greater importance for learning than environmental support. Providing students opportunities to develop independency seems essential. Use of a learning model such as MILO is dependent on a bearing of a caritative caring culture and a shared understanding between all involved in student learning during clinical practice.
Sedimentary environment and benthic oxygenation history of the Upper Cretaceous Austin Chalk Group, south Texas: An integrated ichnological, sedimentological and geochemical approach
Authors: Zheng Charlie Y. C. , Kerans Charles , Buatois Luis A. , Mángano M. Gabriela , Ko Lucy T. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTOxygen concentration in the ocean is vital for sustaining marine ecosystems. While the potential impacts of deoxygenation on modern oceans are hard to predict, lessons can be learned from better characterizing past geological intervals formed under a greenhouse climate. The greenhouse Cretaceous containing several oceanic anoxic events characterized by widespread oxygen‐deficient water is ideal in this regard. The Austin Chalk Group in south Texas (USA) shows organic‐rich intervals that can be linked to oxygen depletion in the ocean, but the exact bottom water oxygenation conditions have not been estimated. This study aims to reconstruct both sediment interstitial and bottom water oxygenation history during Austin Chalk Group deposition by integrating detailed ichnological, sedimentological and geochemical (X‐ray fluorescence and X‐ray diffraction) analyses, thereby providing a consistent model that may be applicable across a range of marine shelf settings. The 141.12 m Gise #1 core contains a continuous record of the Austin Chalk Group, providing an opportunity for unravelling oxygenation and deoxygenation events. Whereas the anaerobic–exaerobic deposits are essentially nonbioturbated, four oxygen‐related ichnocoenoses are defined, further refining the transition of aerobic to dysaerobic conditions in the sediment interstitial water. Omission surfaces and glauconitic grains, products of current‐induced scouring and condensation, suggest sporadic high‐energy events in the Austin Chalk Group ramp that drove elevated terrestrial inputs. Geochemical data further help to identify anoxic bottom water conditions within the anaerobic facies. Additionally, the lowermost part of the Austin Chalk Group illustrates redox cycles, whereas dilution events characterized by elevated terrestrial input are identified throughout the rest of the Austin Chalk Group. The evolution of oxygenation levels in sediment interstitial water and bottom water disputes the existence of a long‐lasting oxygen‐deficient sea in south Texas. The refined depositional model may be applicable to coeval shelfal settings. Moreover, the results provide insights into variable, evolving palaeoclimatic and palaeoceanographic conditions of the greenhouse Late Cretaceous.
How does straw returning combined with nitrogen fertilizer drive N2O emission in wheat–maize rotation system
Authors: Song Jiajie , Bai Jinze , Zhang Zhihao , Yu Qi , Ren Guangxin , Han Xinhui , Wang Xiaojiao , Ren Chengjie , Feng Yongzhong , Wang Xing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractStraw returning not only improves carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools but also increases soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, which poses a threat to the sustainable development of agriculture. To investigate the effect of straw return combined with nitrogen fertilizer on labile C and N pools in the soil and short‐term response to soil N2O emissions in wheat–maize rotation system. The consecutive field experiment was conducted from 2019 to 2021. Single factor randomized block design was used in the experiment design, with no straw returning and no fertilizer (CK), no straw returning and nitrogen fertilizer (S0N) and straw returning combined with nitrogen fertilizer (SN). The results indicated that the SN and S0N treatments significantly (p < .05) increased N2O emissions by 170.45% (2.43 kg N ha−1 year−1) and 119.5% (1.70 kg N ha−1 year−1), soil organic carbon (SOC) by 17.23% and 14.50% and soil total nitrogen (STN) by 58.50% and 31.50% respectively. In the 2020–2021 growing season, The soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) content of the SN and S0N treatments were higher than those of CK in the winter wheat seedling, winter wheat jointing, winter wheat booting, summer maize seedling and summer maize bell‐mouth stages. The structural equation model (SEM) indicated that C:N and NO3−‐N were the major drivers that increased soil N2O emissions, but SMBN was the main driver that decreased soil N2O emissions. The SN and S0N treatments significantly increased soil N2O emissions by increasing the NO3−‐N content. However, compared with the CK and S0N treatments, the SN treatment mitigated soil N2O emissions by increasing the SMBN content. More importantly, compared with CK treatment, SN treatment increased annual yield by 48.41% and 34.52%, the SN treatment could effectively improve the soil C and N pools. Therefore, straw return combined with nitrogen fertilizer (SN) may be the best choice of the treatments tested for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and achieving green and sustainable development.
Marked paraneoplastic basophilia in a cat with alimentary T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Strandberg Natalia J. , Serpa Priscila B. S. , Fourez Lindsey M. , Childress Michael O. , Fulkerson Christopher M. , Fulkerson Caroline V. , Murakami Masahiro , dos Santos Andrea P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old, spayed female domestic shorthair cat was presented for acute weight loss, hyporexia, intermittent vomiting, and loose stools. A caudal abdominal mass and thickened intestinal loops were palpated on initial examination. An abdominal ultrasound identified a circumferential intramural jejunal mass with complete loss of wall layering, diffuse thickening of the jejunal muscularis, and jejunal and ileocecal lymphadenomegaly. Initial routine bloodwork revealed mild monocytosis and minimal lymphopenia with reactive lymphocytes. Cytologic evaluation of the jejunal mass and enlarged lymph nodes was consistent with lymphoma (intermediate cell size), and PCR for antigen receptor rearrangement revealed a clonal T‐cell receptor rearrangement consistent with T‐cell lymphoma. Chemotherapy (CHOP protocol) was initiated, but despite initial improvement of clinical signs, a repeat ultrasound examination 5 weeks after initiation of treatment revealed no improvement in the lymphadenomegaly or reduction in the size of the jejunal mass. At this visit, the cat also developed a marked basophilia (basophils 12.28 × 103/μL, RI 0.00–0.10) with low numbers of circulating atypical lymphocytes; no concurrent eosinophilia was noted. Heartworm disease, ectoparasites, and allergic diseases were evaluated for and considered unlikely. The chemotherapy protocol was changed to L‐asparaginase, followed by lomustine. The basophilia was significantly reduced 2 days after the initial dose of L‐asparaginase and remained within the reference interval for 40 days before an eventual decline in the cat's health. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of paraneoplastic basophilia without concurrent eosinophilia in a cat with T‐cell lymphoma.
Racial inequalities in mental healthcare use and mortality: a cross-sectional analysis of 1.2 million low-income individuals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2010–2016
Authors: Medeiros Sophia , Coelho Rony , Millett Christopher , Saraceni Valeria , Coeli Claudia Medina , Trajman Anete , Rasella Davide , Durovni Betina , Hone Thomas 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionMental health inequalities across racial and ethnic groups are large and unjust in many countries, yet these inequalities remain under-researched, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries such as Brazil. This study investigates racial and socioeconomic inequalities in primary healthcare usage, hospitalisation and mortality for mental health disorders in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.MethodsA cohort of 1.2 million low-income adults from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil with linked socioeconomic, demographic, healthcare use and mortality records was cross-sectionally analysed. Poisson regression models were used to investigate associations between self-defined race/colour and primary healthcare (PHC) usage, hospitalisation and mortality due to mental disorders, adjusting for socioeconomic factors. Interactions between race/colour and socioeconomic characteristics (sex, education level, income) explored if black and pardo (mixed race) individuals faced compounded risk of adverse mental health outcomes.ResultsThere were 272 532 PHC consultations, 10 970 hospitalisations and 259 deaths due to mental disorders between 2010 and 2016. After adjusting for a wide range of socioeconomic factors, the lowest PHC usage rates were observed in black (adjusted rate ratio (ARR): 0.64; 95% CI 0.60 to 0.68; compared with white) and pardo individuals (ARR: 0.87; 95% CI 0.83 to 0.92). Black individuals were more likely to die from mental disorders (ARR: 1.68; 95% CI 1.19 to 2.37; compared with white), as were those with lower educational attainment and household income. In interaction models, being black or pardo conferred additional disadvantage across mental health outcomes. The highest educated black (ARR: 0.56; 95% CI 0.47 to 0.66) and pardo (ARR: 0.75; 95% CI 0.66 to 0.87) individuals had lower rates of PHC usage for mental disorders compared with the least educated white individuals. Black individuals were 3.7 times (ARR: 3.67; 95% CI 1.29 to 10.42) more likely to die from mental disorders compared with white individuals with the same education level.ConclusionIn low-income individuals in Rio de Janeiro, racial/colour inequalities in mental health outcomes were large and not fully explainable by socioeconomic status. Black and pardo Brazilians were consistently negatively affected, with lower PHC usage and worse mental health outcomes.
Conditions for health system resilience in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Mauritania
Authors: Accoe Kirsten , Criel Bart , Ag Ahmed Mohamed Ali , Buitrago Veronica Trasancos , Marchal Bruno 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionA country’s ability to manage a crisis depends on its level of resilience. Efforts are made to clarify the concept of health system resilience, but its operationalisation remains little studied. In the present research, we described the capacity of the local healthcare system in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, in West Africa, to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe used a single case study with two health districts as units of analysis. A context analysis, a literature review and 33 semi-structured interviews were conducted. The data were analysed using a resilience conceptual framework.ResultsThe analysis indicates a certain capacity to manage the crisis, but significant gaps and challenges remain. The management of many uncertainties is largely dependent on the quality of the alignment of decision-makers at district level with the national level. Local management of COVID-19 in the context of Mauritania’s fragile healthcare system has been skewed to awareness-raising and a surveillance system. Three other elements appear to be particularly important in building a resilient healthcare system: leadership capacity, community dynamics and the existence of a learning culture.ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic has put a great deal of pressure on healthcare systems. Our study has shown the relevance of an in-depth contextual analysis to better identify the enabling environment and the capacities required to develop a certain level of resilience. The translation into practice of the skills required to build a resilient healthcare system remains to be further developed.