bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crustal Imaging with Noisy Teleseismic Receiver Functions Using Sparse Radon Transforms
Authors: Zhang Ziqi , Olugboji Tolulope 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
The receiver function (RF) is a widely used crustal imaging technique. In principle, it assumes relatively noise-free traces that can be used to target receiver-side structures following source deconvolution. In practice, however, mode conversions and reflections may be severely degraded by noisy conditions, hampering robust estimation of crustal parameters. In this study, we use a sparsity-promoting Radon transform to decompose the observed RF traces into their wavefield contributions, that is, direct conversions, multiples, and incoherent noise. By applying a crustal mask on the Radon-transformed RF, we obtain noise-free RF traces with only Moho conversions and reflections. We demonstrate, using a synthetic experiment and a real-data example from the Sierra Nevada, that our approach can effectively denoise the RFs and extract the underlying Moho signals. This greatly improves the robustness of crustal structure recovery as exemplified by subsequent H−κ stacking. We further demonstrate, using a station sitting on loose sediments in the Upper Mississippi embayment, that a combination of our approach and frequency-domain filtering can significantly improve crustal imaging in reverberant settings. In the presence of complex crustal structures, for example, dipping Moho, intracrustal layers, and crustal anisotropy, we recommend caution when applying our proposed approach due to the difficulty of interpreting a possibly more complicated Radon image. We expect that our technique will enable high-resolution crustal imaging and inspire more applications of Radon transforms in seismic signal processing.
Usnic Acid Reduces Cartilage Matrix Degradation in Osteoarthritis Rats Through the Nrf2/NFκB Pathway
Authors: Zhao Mingchao , Wang Xinyu , Yang Wenyue , Qiu Di , Li Siyao , Tang Jilang , Chen Hong , Ruan Hongri , Miao Xue , Cheng Xin , Sui Xin , Jiang Junnan , Wei Chengwei , Li Hai , Xiao Jianhua 
Published: January 2024

Chondrocytes maintain the normal morphological structure and physiological function of articular cartilage. However, the increased expression of inflammatory mediators and matrix-degrading enzymes in chondrocytes can promote ECM degradation, consequently disrupting the physiological function of articular cartilage and ultimately leading to the onset of osteoarthritis (OA). Usnic acid (UA), an extract derived from plants, possesses multiple bioactive properties including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Hence, this study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying its protective effects in an in vitro simulated model of OA in rat chondrocytes.
In vivo experiments encompassed three groups: Control, Model, and Usnic acid (50 mg/kg), with sample extraction following 12 weeks of administration. Pathological alterations in articular cartilage were evaluated using Safranin O-fast green staining. Immunohistochemistry (ICH) analysis was employed to assess the expression of matrix degradation-related markers. The levels of serum cytokines were quantified via ELISA assays. In this study, primary rat chondrocytes were employed as the experimental subject. After a 24-hour treatment period, culture supernatants, total RNA, total protein, and nuclear protein were extracted from the different chondrocyte groups. ELISA and qPCR methods were used to measure levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and PGE2. WB and qPCR were employed to assess levels of p65, p-p65, IκBα, p-IκBα, Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1 ADAMTS-4, MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, INOS, COX-2, and COL2A1. IF analysis was performed to examine Nrf2, p-p65 and COL2A1.
Results: (1) In vivo, intraperitoneal injection of usnic acid (50mg/kg) can alleviate pathological changes in articular cartilage and the levels of inflammatory and oxidative-related matrix in the serum. (2) UA reduced the level of inflammatory cytokines in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes supernatant. (3) UA can produce anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and inhibit chondrocytes matrix degradation through the Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways. (3) The mechanism by which UA exerts a protective role in chondrocytes is mediated by Nrf2
Conclusion: UA inhibits the expression of chondrocyte matrix degradation-related components through Nrf2 mediated Nrf2 pathway and NF-κB pathway, promotes the production of protective substances, and ultimately exerts a protective effect on chondrocytes.
The Value of Ultrasound for Detecting and Following Subclinical Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: GUTIERREZ Marwin , Bertolazzi Chiara , Zozoaga-Velazquez Edgar , Clavijo-Cornejo Denise 
Published: January 2024

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequent complication in systemic sclerosis (SSc). So, an increased awareness of this complication is a real need in the clinical setting, because it may affect the prognosis of patients. In particular, an accurate strategy is desirable in order to detect ILD in its stages. So, we investigate the validity of ultrasound (US) in detecting subclinical ILD in SSc, and to determine its potential in disease progression.
Methods: 133 patients without respiratory symptoms and 133 healthy controls were included. Borg scale, Rodnan skin score (RSS), pulmonary auscultation, chest radiographs and respiratory function tests (RFT) were performed. An expert rheumatologist performed the lung US. High-resolution CT (HRCT) was also performed. After the baseline assessment, the patients were followed every 3 months for 12 months.
Results: A total of 79 of 133 patients (59.4%) showed US signs of ILD in contrast to healthy controls (4.8%) (p=0.0001). The clinical and laboratory variables associated with ILD were anti-centromere antibodies (p=0.005) and RSS (p=0.004). A positive correlation was demonstrated between the US and HRCT findings (p=0.001). Sensitivity and specificity of US in detecting ILD was 91.2% and 88.6% respectively. A good inter-observer reliability was observed (k = 0.72).
In the follow-up, a total of 30 patients out of 79 (37.9%) who demonstrated US signs of ILD at baseline, showed changes in the ILD score by US.
Conclusions: US showed a high prevalence of subclinical ILD in SSc patients. It demonstrated to be a valid, reliable and feasible tool to detect ILD in SSc and to monitoring the disease progression.
A relação entre tristeza e conhecimento
Authors: Wanderley Anderson dos Santos , Lima Joedla Rodrigues de , Sousa Jair Moises de 
Published: January 2024

A tristeza é o afeto que nos reclui e diminui nossa potência de agir nos afetando de diversas maneiras como indivíduos, seja do ponto de vista filosófico, psicológico e fisiológico. Esse afeto está presente em nossa vida e, consequentemente, altera nosso modo de pensar e agir. A tristeza traz uma perspectiva nova de mundo, pois esta insere os indivíduos em uma realidade à parte da sua própria, onde estes se deparam com dores e pensamentos frustrantes. O objetivo desse trabalho, de maneira geral, é discutir como a tristeza afeta o processo de aprendizagem. Como metodologia foi utilizada a pesquisa bibliográfica. Vemos também que com base em outros trabalhos analisados que, a partir do ensino fundamental, a emoção tristeza cresce a cada ano nos indivíduos, com as mulheres sendo mais acometidas por esse afeto ao longo de suas vidas, inclusive são as mais empáticas em relação ao mesmo. Ao depararmos com a tristeza pode-se perceber que esta conecta diversas nuances do ser, e compreendê-la é essencial para compreendermos a nós mesmos e aos universos interiores e exteriores. Esta é bastante importante no processo de aprendizado de modo a integrar o indivíduo no mundo que o circunda, dando-lhe significado ou simplesmente o ressignificando.
Ambang Batas Reasuransi Non-Proporsional Menggunakan Tail Value-At-Risk (TVaR) dari Distribusi Peluang Campuran
Authors: Eurico David , Afifatul Ayu Astiani  , I Kadek Darma Arnawa  , Bagas Caesar Suherlan  , Utriweni  
Published: January 2024

One of the tasks of banking institutions is to channel funds to the public through loan products. Banking institutions transfer the risk of non-performing loans to insurance companies and then partially reinsured to reinsurers. The purpose of this study is to determine the non-proportional reinsurance threshold based on the risk of loss of the 20% largest loan principal, using the Tail Value-at-Risk (TVaR) method. The threshold value will be estimated using a sample of 5,000 loans principal. The loan characteristics can be described by a Mixture Gamma Distribution consisting of components with different weights and parameters. The weights and parameters are 19% from the Gamma distribution with parameters α = 2.45 and β = 0.04, 34.5% from Gamma with parameters α = 8.29 and β = 0.07, and 46.5% from Gamma with parameters α = 30 and β = 0.13. Analysis using TVaR produces a threshold value of 274.9 million rupiah. In real cases, if the claim value exceeds 274.9 million rupiah. The insurance company will bear a value of 274.9 million rupiah and the reinsurer will bear the difference in the size of the claim against the threshold limit.
The Design of Hydrogen Saline Aquifer Storage Processes Using a Machine-Learning Assisted Multiobjective Optimization Protocol
Authors: Sun Qian , Zhang Miao , Ertekin Turgay 
Published: January 2024

Summary
The global effort toward decarbonization has intensified the drive for low-carbon fuels. Green hydrogen, harnessed from renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower, is emerging as a clean substitute. Challenges due to the variable needs and instable green hydrogen production highlight the necessity for secure and large-scale storage solutions. Among the geological formations, deep saline aquifers are noteworthy due to their abundant capacity and ease of access. Addressing technical hurdles related to low working gas recovery rates and excessive water production requires well-designed structures and optimized cushion gas volume. A notable contribution of this study is the development of a multiobjective optimization (MOO) protocol using a Kalman filter-based approach for early stopping. This method maintains solution accuracy while employing the MOO protocol to design the horizontal wellbore length and cushion gas volume in an aquifer hydrogen storage project and accounting for multiple techno-economic goals. Optimization outcomes indicate that the proposed multiobjective particle swarm (MOPSO) protocol effectively identifies the Pareto optimal sets (POSs) in both two- and three-objective scenarios, requiring fewer iterations. Results from the two-objective optimization study, considering working gas recovery efficacy and project cost, highlight that extending the horizontal wellbore improves hydrogen productivity but may lead to unexpected fluid extraction. The three-objective optimized hydrogen storage design achieves a remarkable 94.36% working gas recovery efficacy and a 59.59% reduction in water extraction. The latter represents a significant improvement compared to the reported literature data.
A simple scoring system for predicting the risk of delayed hyponatremia after endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas.
Authors: Mo changhong , Li Yangyang , Liu Yi , Zhao Ruijing , Wang Hao , Guo Wei , Hu Jiliang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Backgrounds
To identify high-risk patients for delayed postoperative hyponatremia (DPH) early, we constructed a simple and effective scoring system.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 141 consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) from January 2019 to December 2022. Patients were divided into DPH group and non-DPH (NDPH) group based on whether hyponatremia occurred after the third postoperative day. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the predictive factors of DPH, and a simple scoring system was constructed based on these predictors.
Results
Among 141 patients, 36 (25.5%) developed DPH. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥48 years (OR, 3.74; 95%CI, 1.14-12.21; P=0.029), Knosp grade ≥3 (OR, 5.17; 95%CI, 1.20-22.27; P=0.027), postoperative hypokalemia within three days (OR, 3.13; 95%CI, 1.05-9.33; P=0.040), a difference in blood sodium levels between the first and second day after surgery ≥1 mEq/L (OR, 3.65; 95%CI, 1.05-12.77; P=0.043), and postoperative diabetes insipidus (OR, 3.57; 95%CI, 1.16-10.96; P=0.026) were independent predictors of DPH.
Conclusion
This scoring system for predicting DPH has an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.856 (95%CI, 0.787-0.925), indicating moderate to good predictive value for DPH in our cohort, but further prospective external validation is needed.
The Helping Hand in Ukraine: Feasibility and Potential Impact
Authors: Raknes Solfrid , Chorna Tetiana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
New services are needed to prevent mental health consequences of the war in Ukraine. Ten adolescents self-recruited to use and evaluate the Ukrainian version of the Helping Hand (HH) in Odessa, Ukraine. From April to June 2023 they participated in a 10-sessions group program where they played the cognitive behavioral game app, shared stories, and engaged in activities to enhance their coping skills.
Methods
A mixed method, quantitative-qualitative design was used to get insight in the potential impact and feasibility of the HH for Ukrainian adolescents´ mental health and well- being during war. Feasability of the intervention was assessed by a questionnaire to the adolescents, anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed before and after the intervention by a standardized and validated adolescent-completed questionnaire. An interview with the psychologist who implemented the intervention was used to interpret the data completed by the adolescents.
Results
Eight of ten adolescents completed the HH intervention, and the psychologist found the HH useful and culturally appropriate. The adolescents reported that the intervention made it easier to talk about feelings and thoughts, facilitated help-seeking, and improved coping with challenges. The average anxiety and depression symptoms decreased from before the intervention (M = 20.4) to after (M = 15.0), showing a moderate effect size.
Conclusion
The results indicated that the HH has a high potential in preventing mental health consequences in Ukraine.
Study of biodiversity of termites associated with urban trees and damage assessment from different localities in Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Ulabdin Zain , Hira Hasooba , Iftikhar Tehreem , Akram waseem , khan Hammad Ahmad , Razia syeda eishah tu , Nawaz sha 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Termites are eusocial insects living in colonies, found across the globe, specifically in the tropics as invertebrate decomposers. Only 3% of species are leading pests causing damage to agriculture, forestry and structures. The diverse ecological conditions of Pakistan made it favorable for termites to be found across the country. The loss of urban trees due to high termite infestation is one of the fundamental problems in deteriorating urban landscapes. However, only a rare study has been performed in Pakistan to investigate the biodiversity, feeding preference and damage assessment of termites in urban tree plantations. This study focuses on surveying mango and citrus trees planted at the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. The main sites/areas of the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, selected for surveying included horticulture square 9 and 32, botanical garden, plant pathology research areas and mango and citrus orchards located in UAF. Total of eleven species of termites, including Odontotermes obesus, Odontotermes guptai, Odontotermes gurdaspurensis, Odontotermes horai, Odontotermes assmuthi, Microtermes mycophagus, Microtermes unicolor, Microceroterms championi, Microtermes obesi, Coptotermes heimi and Heterotermes indicola were recorded. Termite infestation, diversity and damage were studied on living and dead-standing trees. Simpson and Shannon diversity indices were calculated to understand species richness, evenness, and dominancy. The maximum percentage of termites was recorded during August and from horticulture square 9. The overall value of diversity on the Simpson scale was 90% and on the Shannon scale was 88%. The maximum diversity found was 78% in September on the Simpson scale and 99% in April on the Shannon scale. Overall, 1363 trees were examined, out of which 272(20%) were severely damaged. This preliminary data would be helpful in devising sustainable termite management strategiesin urban ecosystem.
Biodiversity and dynamics of synanthropic fly communities in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Cameroon
Authors: Dawaye Daniel Amani , Djaouda Moussa , Mune Martin Alain Mune , Fils Eric Moïse Bakwo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The Sudano-Sahelian zone of Cameroon is characterized by a hot tropical climate and poor sanitation, favorable to the proliferation of synanthropic flies and endemicity of diarrheal diseases. Through their activities, proliferating flies can increase the transmission of diarrheal diseases in the region. This study aimed to determine the factors that influence the variation in the diversity and dynamics of synanthropic flies to contribute to the control of diarrheal diseases. Monthly capture of synanthropic flies was carried out at 63 stratified randomly selected sites over nine months, covering both rainy and dry seasons. Three baits of 40 g each were used to attract the flies. All flies attracted to each bait were captured using a trap after 5 min of exposure and identified using the usual identification keys. Data on altitude, rainfall, temperature, humidity and wind speed of each catching site were collected for their potential impact on fly activity. Fifteen synanthropic fly species were identified in this study. These insects were more abundant in July and August in endemic cholera areas, and areas with high human density. They were less abundant in January and February in low-human density and agricultural areas. The diversity of these insects was heterogeneous and sparsely distributed (Shannon diversity index H'=1.57, and Equitability of Pielou index J = 0.63). Simpson’s dominance diversity index was D = 0.57, indicating that Musca domestica was the most abundant species. Human density and the rainfall were the major factors influencing the structure of synanthropic fly communities in the study site.
Healthcare delivery to patients from cultural and linguistic diverse backgrounds in emergency care: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Huang Ya-Ling , Thorning Sarah , Lin Chun-Chih , Lee Robert , Elder Elizabeth , Crilly Julia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Worldwide, the cultural and linguistical diverse (CALD) population is increasing, and predicted to reach 405 million by 2050. The use of emergency services has also increased, including people from CALD backgrounds. The delivery of effective emergency services can be complex due to cultural, social and language factors. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of existing evidence regarding healthcare delivery to patients from CALD backgrounds in the emergency care setting.
Methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology will be used to guide this review. The population is patients from CALD backgrounds who received care, and emergency care clinicians who provided direct care. The concept is healthcare delivery to patients from CALD backgrounds. The context is emergency care. This review will include quantitative and qualitative studies published in English between January 2012-onwards. Searches will be conducted in the databases of CINAHL (Ebsco), Medline (Ovid), Embase (Elsevier), SocIndex (Ebsco), Scopus (Elsevier) and Google Scholar. A PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) flow diagram will be used to present the search decision process. All included articles will be appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Data will be presented in a tabular format and accompanied by a narrative synthesis of the literature.
Discussion: Despite the increased number of emergency department (ED) presentations made by people from CALD backgrounds, there has been no synthesis regarding healthcare delivery for this vulnerable patient group. The results of this scoping review may be used to inform future research programs that aim to enhance care delivery and experiences for people from CALD backgrounds who require emergency care.
Systematic review registration: This scoping review has been registered in the Open Science Framework https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/HTMKQ
A pioneering attempt to unveil the gut microbiome of brinjal mealybug, Coccidohystrix insolita Green (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) using metagenomic approach
Authors: Mohan Mithra 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The mealybug Coccidohystrix insolita Green, a native of the Indian subcontinent, is a polyphagous pest causing severe economic damage to vegetable crops. Mealybugs often developed a close association with the endosymbiont biota which plays a vital role in determining the physiology and feeding behavior of these noxious pests. The present study is the pioneer attempt to unveil the gut endosymbionts of the mealybug C. insolita through 16sr-DNA sequencing. The study revealed a total of 15 phyla of endosymbionts, of which Proteobacteria was the predominant one followed by Euryarchaeota, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes etc. The dominant class, order, family, and genus of endosymbionts were recorded as Gammaproteobacteria, Pseudomonadales, Pseudomonadaceae and Pseudomonas respectively. The most abundant endosymbiotic species in C. insolita was recorded as Pseudomonas alcaligenes. These findings on endosymbiont diversity of mealybug aid in a better understanding of the species interactions in the ecosystem and thus aid in devising a better pest management strategy.
Effect of pyrolysis temperature on the binding characteristics of DOM derived from livestock manure biochar with Cu(II)
Authors: Huang Shujun , Chen Muxin , Lu Hongxiu , Eitssayeam Sukum , Min Yulin , Shi Penghui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Biochar-derived dissolved organic matter (BDOM) has the potential to influence the environmental application of biochar and the behavior of heavy metals. In this study, the binding properties of BDOM derived from livestock manure biochar at different pyrolysis temperatures with Cu were investigated based on a multi-analytical approach. The results showed that the DOC concentration, aromatics and humification degree of BDOM were higher in the process of low pyrolysis of biochar. The pyrolysis temperature changed the composition of BDOM functional groups, which affected the binding mechanism of BDOM-Cu(II). Briefly, humic-like and protein-like substances dominated BDOM-Cu(II) binding at low and high pyrolysis temperatures, respectively. The higher binding capacity for Cu was exhibited by BDOM derived from the lower pyrolysis temperature, due to the carboxyl as the main binding site in humic acid had high content and binding ability at low-temperature. The amide in proteins only participated in the BDOM-Cu(II) binding at high pyrolysis temperature, and polysaccharides also played an important role in the binding process. Moreover, the biochar underwent the secondary reaction at certain high temperatures, which led to condensation reaction of the aromatic structure and the conversion of large molecules into small molecules, affecting the BDOM-Cu(II) binding sites.