bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VP1 codon deoptimization and high-fidelity substitutions in 3D polymerase as potential vaccine strategies for eliciting immune responses against enterovirus A71
Authors: Hsieh Wen-Sheng , Chao Chiao-Hsuan , Shen Chun-Yu , Cheng Dayna , Huang Sheng-Wen , Wang Ya-Fang , Chen Chien-Chin , Chen Shun-Hua , Hsu Li-Jin , Wang Jen-Ren 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) can induce severe neurological complications and even fatal encephalitis in children, and it has caused several large outbreaks in Taiwan since 1998. We previously generated VP1 codon-deoptimized (VP1-CD) reverse genetics (rg) EV-A71 viruses (rgEV-A71s) that harbor a high-fidelity (HF) 3D polymerase. These VP1-CD-HF rgEV-A71s showed lower replication kinetics
in vitro
and decreased virulence in an Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mouse model of EV-A71 infection, while still retaining their antigenicity in comparison to the wild-type virus. In this study, we aimed to further investigate the humoral and cellular immune responses elicited by VP1-CD-HF rgEV-A71s to assess the potential efficacy of these EV-A71 vaccine candidates. Following intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of VP1-CD-HF rgEV-A71s in mice, we observed a robust induction of EV-A71-specific neutralizing IgG antibodies in the antisera after 21 days. Splenocytes isolated from VP1-CD-HF rgEV-A71s-immunized mice exhibited enhanced proliferative activities and cytokine production (IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α) upon re-stimulation with VP1-CD-HF rgEV-A71, as compared to control mice treated with adjuvant only. Importantly, administration of antisera from VP1-CD-HF rgEV-A71s-immunized mice protected against lethal EV-A71 challenge in neonatal mice. These findings highlight that our generated VP1-CD-HF rgEV-A71 viruses are capable of inducing both cellular and humoral immune responses, supporting their potential as next-generation EV-A71 vaccines for combating EV-A71 infection.

IMPORTANCE
EV-A71 can cause severe neurological diseases and cause death in young children. Here, we report the development of synthetic rgEV-A71s with the combination of codon deoptimization and high-fidelity (HF) substitutions that generate genetically stable reverse genetics (rg) viruses as potential attenuated vaccine candidates. Our work provides insight into the development of low-virulence candidate vaccines through a series of viral genetic editing for maintaining antigenicity and genome stability and suggests a strategy for the development of an innovative next-generation vaccine against EV-A71.
A new species of Pinndorama Domahovski (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Hyalojassini) from the Amazon Rain Forest, Brazil
Authors: Domahovski Alexandre Cruz , Gonçalves Clayton Corrêa , Takiya Daniela Maeda 
Published: January 2024

Pinndorama dilatata sp. nov. is described based on specimens from Amazonas State, Brazil. The genus is firstly recorded from the Brazilian states of Amazonas, Goiás, Maranhão, and São Paulo and a distribution map is provided, including new records to P. dianae, P. guartela, P. melanocephala, P. ronurensis, and P. pitanga. The key to males is updated to include the new species and minor improvements.
Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Define the Microvascular Injury Driven by Neuroinflammation in the Brain of a Mouse Model of Hypertension
Authors: Carnevale Lorenzo , Perrotta Marialuisa , Mastroiacovo Francesco , Perrotta Sara , Migliaccio Agnese , Fardella Valentina , Pacella Jacopo , Fardella Stefania , Pallante Fabio , Carnevale Raimondo , Carnevale Daniela , Lembo Giuseppe 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
Hypertension is one of the main risk factors for dementia and cognitive impairment.

METHODS:
We used the model of transverse aortic constriction to induce chronic pressure overload in mice. We characterized brain injury by advanced translational applications of magnetic resonance imaging. In parallel, we analyzed peripheral target organ damage induced by chronic pressure overload by ultrasonography. Microscopical characterization of brain vasculature was performed as well, together with the analysis of immune and inflammatory markers.

RESULTS:
We identified a specific structural, microstructural, and functional brain injury. In particular, we highlighted a regional enlargement of the hypothalamus, microstructural damage in the white matter of the fimbria, and a reduction of the cerebral blood flow. A parallel analysis performed by confocal microscopy revealed a correspondent tissue damage evidenced by a reduction of cerebral capillary density, paired with loss of pericyte coverage. We assessed cognitive impairment and cardiac damage induced by hypertension to perform correlation analyses with the brain injury severity. At the mechanistic level, we found that CD8+T cells, producing interferon-γ, infiltrated the brain of hypertensive mice. By neutralizing this proinflammatory cytokine, we obtained a rescue of the phenotype, demonstrating their crucial role in establishing the microvascular damage.

CONCLUSIONS:
Overall, we have used translational tools to comprehensively characterize brain injury in a mouse model of hypertension induced by chronic pressure overload. We have identified early cerebrovascular damage in hypertensive mice, sustained by CD8+IFN-γ+T lymphocytes, which fuel neuroinflammation to establish the injury of brain capillaries.
Semantic composition in experimental and naturalistic paradigms
Authors: Li Jixing , Lai Marco , Pylkkänen Liina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Naturalistic paradigms using movies or audiobooks have become increasingly popular in cognitive neuroscience, but connecting them to findings from controlled experiments remains rare. Here, we aim to bridge this gap in the context of semantic composition in language processing, which is typically examined using a “minimal” two-word paradigm. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we investigated whether the neural signatures of semantic composition observed in an auditory two-word paradigm can extend to naturalistic story listening, and vice versa. Our results demonstrate consistent differentiation between phrases and single nouns in the left anterior and middle temporal lobe, regardless of the context. Notably, this distinction emerged later during naturalistic listening. Yet this latency difference disappeared when accounting for various factors in the naturalistic data, such as prosody, word rate, word frequency, surprisal, and emotional content. These findings suggest the presence of a unified compositional process underlying both isolated and connected speech comprehension.
Explaining the survival of the sickest: altered walking patterns are linked with improved adult survival in Drosophila melanogaster grown with predators during larval development
Authors: Popovs Sergejs , Munkevics Maris , Krama Tatjana , Krams Ronalds , Sledevskis Eriks , Trakimas Giedrius , Zants Krists , Grigorjeva Tatjana , Mizers Valdis , Kolbjonoks Vadims , Jõers Priit , Krams Indrikis 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Stress caused by predator exposure can lead to various behavioural, physiological, stoichiometric, and biochemical changes in prey. Prior research has shown that growth under predation stress can cause the development of a diabetes-like biochemical phenotype in fruit flies. Exposure to predator risk during larval development decreases flies’ walking activity, improving their antipredator strategies. However, it is unclear which elements of walking behaviour make flies less conspicuous to predators. This study shows that fruit flies () grown with spiders walk shorter distances, accelerate faster and spend more time in a state of motion without movement (i.e., stomping in place) than control flies (). Under predation risk, adult flies grown with spiders survived better than control flies. We suggest that motions without movement may resemble sickness behaviour for predators, which we propose as the main reason for their better survival under direct exposure to predator attacks.
Origins and Ends: Money and Power in and beyond Thucydides’ Peloponnesian War
Authors: Meadows Andrew 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article examines the disconnect between, on the one hand, the insistence on the part of multiple characters in Thucydides’ first book on the need for the Peloponnesians to invest in naval power to defeat Athens, and, on the other, the failure to act on this in the narrative of books 2–7. It then analyses the numismatic evidence for the way in which Sparta does then act upon this advice in the course of the Ionian War, and suggests that Thucydides’ view that this was done primarily with Persian support may be missing a (brief) Spartan attempt to create a fiscally self-supporting empire.
Fafner and the Rhinemaidens’ Treasure, Fifty Years On
Authors: Lewis David 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article discusses G.E.M. de Ste. Croix’s contentions about the effect of Helotage on Spartan foreign policy articulated in chapter IV of Origins of the Peloponnesian War, namely that Sparta’s Helot population was uniquely dangerous, constraining Sparta’s ability to send large numbers of citizen hoplites abroad lest it be exposed to the threat within. It shows that while certain arguments advanced by Ste. Croix are no longer tenable in light of subsequent research, others still stand up to critical scrutiny fifty years on; furthermore, other points neglected by Ste. Croix reinforce his overall claims.
Wstęp do bloku tematycznego
Authors: Sajkowski Wojciech 
Published: January 2024

Tekst stanowi wstęp do bloku tematycznego numeru 12 "Colloquia Humanistica", który poświęcony jest relacjom centrum–peryferia i formowaniu się tożsamości zbiorowych i indywidualnych na Bałkanach i w Europie Środkowej. Większość wypowiedzi dotyczy przestrzeni Bałkanów i Europy Środkowej, ale niektóre poruszają zagadnienie idei europejskości i Orientu w odniesieniu do innych przestrzeni.
Intramucosal Extent as a Marker for Advanced Disease and Survival in Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Naples Robert , Perlmutter Breanna C. , Lu Haiyan , Allende Daniela , Tu Chao , Hitawala Asif , Chadalavada Pravallika , Padbidri Vinay , Haddad Abdo , Simon Robert , Walsh R. Matthew , Augustin Toms 
Published: January 2024

Background Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common biliary tract malignancy and has a poor prognosis. The clinical significance of focal vs diffuse GBC remains unclear. Methods A retrospective review was conducted on all patients with non-metastatic GBC at a quaternary care center. Pathology was reviewed, and gallbladder cancer pattern was defined based on the extent of mucosal involvement; “diffuse” if the tumor was multicentric or “focal” if the tumor was only in a single location. Patients undergoing liver resection and portal lymphadenectomy were considered to have definitive surgery. The primary outcome was overall survival and assessed by Kaplan-Meier curves. Results 63 patients met study criteria with 32 (50.7%) having diffuse cancer. No difference was observed in utilization of definitive surgery between the groups (14 [43.8%] with focal and 12 [38.7%] with diffuse, P = .88). Lymphovascular invasion ( P = .04) and higher nodal stage ( P = .04) were more common with diffuse GBC. Median overall survival was significantly improved in those with focal cancer (5.1 vs 1.2 years, P = .02). Although not statistically significant, this difference in overall survival persisted in patients who underwent definitive surgery (4.3 vs 2.4 years, P = .70). Discussion Patients with diffuse involvement of the gallbladder mucosa likely represent a subset with aggressive biology and worse overall survival compared to focal disease. These findings may aid surgeons in subsequent surgical and medical decision-making for patients with GBC.
Application of a Human Factors and Systems Engineering Approach to Explore Care Transitions of Sepsis Survivors From Hospital to Home Health Care
Authors: Oh Sungho , Sang Elaine , Stawnychy Michael A. , Garren Patrik , You Sang Bin , O’Connor Melissa , Hirschman Karen B. , Hodgson Nancy , Cranston Teresa , Jablonski Juliane , O’Brien Karen , Newcomb Michael , Spahr Melissa , Bowles Kathryn H. 
Published: January 2024

Study Aim This study aims to describe the transition-in-care work process for sepsis survivors going from hospitals to home health care (HHC) and identify facilitators and barriers to enable practice change and safe care transitions using a human factors and systems engineering approach. Background Despite high readmission risk for sepsis survivors, the transition-in-care work process from hospitals to HHC has not been described. Methods We analyzed semi-structured needs assessment interviews with 24 stakeholders involved in transitioning sepsis survivors from two hospitals and one affiliated HHC agency participating in the parent implementation science study, I-TRANSFER. The qualitative data analysis was guided by the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) framework to describe the work process and identify work system elements. Results We identified 31 tasks characterized as decision making, patient education, communication, information, documentation, and scheduling tasks. Technological and organizational facilitators lacked in HHC compared to the hospitals. Person and organization elements in HHC had the most barriers but few facilitators. Additionally, we identified specific task barriers that could hinder sepsis information transfer from hospitals to HHC. Conclusion This study explored the complex transition-in-care work processes for sepsis survivors going from hospitals to HHC. We identified barriers, facilitators, and critical areas for improvement to enable implementation and ensure safe care transitions. A key finding was the sepsis information transfer deficit, highlighting a critical issue for future study. Application We recommend using the SEIPS framework to explore complex healthcare work processes before the implementation of evidence-based interventions.
Similar and different? A cross-cultural comparison of the prevalence, course of and factors associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors in first-episode psychosis in Chennai, India and Montreal, Canada
Authors: Sicotte Roxanne , Abdel-Baki Amal , Mohan Greeshma , Rabouin Daniel , Malla Ashok , Padmavati Ramachandran , Moro Laura , Joober Ridha , Rangaswamy Thara , Iyer Srividya N. 
Published: January 2024

Background: Data from high-income countries (HICs) show a high risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) in first-episode psychosis (FEP). It is unknown, however, whether rates and associated factors differ in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Aims: We therefore aimed to compare the 2-year course of STBs and associated factors in persons with FEP treated in two similarly structured early intervention services in Chennai, India and Montreal, Canada. Method: To ensure fit to the data that included persons without STBs and with varying STBs’ severity, a hurdle model was conducted by site, including known predictors of STBs. The 2-year evolution of STBs was compared by site with mixed-effects ordered logistic regression. Results: The study included 333 FEP patients (168 in Chennai, 165 in Montreal). A significant decrease in STBs was observed at both sites (OR = 0.87; 95% CI [0.84, 0.90]), with the greatest decline in the first 2 months of follow-up. Although three Chennai women died by suicide in the first 4 months (none in Montreal), Chennai patients had a lower risk of STBs over follow-up (OR = 0.44; 95% CI [0.23, 0.81]). Some factors (depression, history of suicide attempts) were consistently associated with STBs across contexts, while others (gender, history of suicidal ideation, relationship status) were associated at only one of the two sites. Conclusions: This is the first study to compare STBs in FEP between two distinct geo-sociocultural contexts (an HIC and an LMIC). At both sites, STBs reduced after treatment initiation, suggesting that early intervention reduces STBs across contexts. At both sites, for some patients, STBs persisted or first appeared during follow-up, indicating need for suicide prevention throughout follow-up. Our study demonstrates contextual variations in rates and factors associated with STBs. This has implications for tailoring suicide prevention and makes the case for more research on STBs in FEP in diverse contexts.
Outcomes of psychosocial interventions for homeless individuals with mental illness: A systematic review
Authors: Roy Roniyamol , Raman K Janaki , Raj E Aravind , Varambally Shivarama 
Published: January 2024

Background: Homelessness creates a significant social and economic burden in the society. Homelessness and mental illness are two interconnected social issues that poses challenges to individuals and communities across the globe. This systematic review aims to synthesize the existing literature on interventions for the homeless persons with mental illness. Objectives: To systematically review the existing literature on psychosocial interventions for homeless persons with mental illness. Search methods: Five databases including PubMed, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, OVID, and Google Scholar were searched using homelessness, psychosocial interventions, mental ill, residential mental health facility, and case management for experimental studies published from January 2000 to December 2022. Study selection: Abstract review was conducted for the screened studies, and full-text review was done for studies which met inclusion exclusion criteria. Data extraction and analysis: Among the 6,387 studies screened 20 studies were selected which fulfilled inclusion criteria. The full text review yielded data of 12,174 homeless persons with mental illness who undergone intervention. Results: The major psychosocial interventions found including critical time intervention, case management, housing support intervention, assertive community treatment, and life skills training. These interventions were helpful in sustaining housing stability, preventing relapse, reducing hospitalizations, and improving quality of life of the homeless persons with mental illness. Conclusion: Targeted and integrated interventions addressing homelessness and mental illness are required to tackle the social problems of homelessness and mental illness. Further research is required to explore the most effective strategies that address homelessness and mental illness.
Daily Cannabis Use: Do Impulsivity and Sensation Seeking Predict Negative Cannabis Related Consequences?
Authors: Parnes Jamie E. , Tyskiewicz Alexander J. , Prince Mark A. , Conner Bradley T. 
Published: January 2024

Objective Cannabis use can result in negative cannabis-related consequences (NCRC), particularly among individuals high in impulsivity and sensation seeking. Continued research is necessary to determine if these associations generalize to community adults with daily legal cannabis use. We hypothesized that impulsivity and sensation seeking would positively predict NCRC. Method Community adults ( N = 51) participated in a study measuring personality, cannabis use, and related outcomes, as part of a larger study. Two multiple regression models predicting NCRC were conducted: one for impulsivity facets and one for sensation seeking facets. Results Positive urgency was significantly negatively associated with NCRC. Risk seeking was significantly positively associated with NCRC. All other personality facets were not significantly associated with NCRC. Conclusions Associations between some personality facets and NCRC may differ among adults with daily legal cannabis use. Future research should continue to explore unique personality associations related to NCRC among individuals with daily use.
Dabigatran pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic in sheep: Informing dose for anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Eaton Michael P , Nadtochiy Sergiy M , Stefanos Tatsiana , Anderson Brian J 
Published: January 2024

Background The effect of the anticoagulant, dabigatran, and its antagonist, idarucizumab, on coagulation remains poorly quantified. There are few pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic data available to determine dabigatran dose in humans or animals undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods Five sheep were given intravenous dabigatran 4 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected for thromboelastometric reaction time (R-time) and drug assay at 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, 240, 480 min, and 24 h. Plasma dabigatran concentrations and R-times were analyzed using an integrated pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model using non-linear mixed effects. The impact of idarucizumab 15 mg/kg administered 120 min after dabigatran 4 mg/kg and its effect on R-time was observed. Results A 2-compartment model described dabigatran pharmacokinetics with a clearance (CL 0.0453 L/min/70 kg), intercompartment clearance (Q 0.268 L/min/70 kg), central volume of distribution (V1 2.94 L/70 kg), peripheral volume of distribution (V2 9.51 L/70 kg). The effect compartment model estimates for a sigmoid EMAX model using Reaction time had an effect site concentration (Ce50 64.2 mg/L) eliciting half of the maximal effect (EMAX 180 min). The plasma-effect compartment equilibration half time (T1/2keo) was 1.04 min. Idarucizumab 15 mg/kg reduced R-time by approximately 5 min. Conclusions Dabigatran reversibly binds to the active site on the thrombin molecule, preventing activation of coagulation factors. The pharmacologic target concentration strategy uses pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic information to inform dose. A loading dose of dabigatran 0.25 mg/kg followed by a maintenance infusion of dabigatran 0.0175 mg/kg/min for 30 min and a subsequent infusion dabigatran 0.0075 mg/kg/min achieves a steady state target concentration of 5 mg/L in a sheep model.