bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving quality of breast conservative surgery for lower quadrants cancer in small and medium sized breasts: Crescent technique versus J mammoplasty.
Authors: FALCO GIUSEPPE , MORANDO LJUBA , BORGONOVO GIULIA , BEGNINI EVELINA , COIRO SAVERIO , FORONI MONICA , CENINI EUGENIO , CASTAGNETTI FABIO , MELE SIMONE , FERRARI GUGLIELMO 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
PURPOSE. For medium/small size breast, breast conserving surgery (BCS) is usually associated to poor cosmetic results. The objective of the study is to evaluate oncological safety and cosmetic results comparing the “Crescent” and the “J” mammoplasty technique and to develop an algorithm for the treatment of breast cancer located in LQ in medium/small breast.
METHODS. We retrospectively analysed all consecutive patients who underwent a “J” mammoplasty or a “Crescent” technique at our institution between 2016 and 2021. 58 patients were enrolled, the first group including 29 “Crescent” technique procedures and the second one including 29 patients who underwent the “J” mammoplasty technique. Oncological safety and surgical minor and major complications were evaluated. Aesthetic results were evaluated by two senior breast surgeons, independently, at least 6 months after radiotherapy (RT).
RESULTS. At follow-up of 36 months, no recurrences and no major complications were observed in both groups. Minor complications were observed in two (6.8%) “J” group cases and in six (20,6%) “Crescent” ones (p<0.05). The 96.6 % of “Crescent” and the 73.5 % of “J” cases were judged excellent/good. One (3.4%) “Crescent” was judged fair versus six (20.6%) “J”mammoplasy. Two (6.9%) “J” cases were judged poor, requiring ipsilateral re-operation.
CONCLUSIONS. When a favourable ratio between tumor size and breast volume is present, BCS can be performed for tumors located in the LQ. Evaluating patients’ anthropometric characteristics, skin involvement and tumor features is the key to select the right technique and to obtain both great cosmetic result and low rate of complications.
Feeding Drosophila gut microbiomes from young and old flies modifies the microbiome
Authors: Wesseltoft Jonas Bruhn , Danielsen Christian Dupont , Andersen Andreas Mølgaard , de Jonge Nadieh , Rohde Palle Duhn , Olsen Anders , Kristensen Torsten Nygaard 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
It is becoming increasingly evident that the myriad of microbes in the gut, within cells and attached to body parts (or roots of plants), play crucial roles for the host. Although this has been known for decades, recent developments in molecular biology allow for expanded insight into the abundance and function of these microbes. Here we used the vinegar fly, Drosophila melanogaster, to investigate fitness measures across the lifetime of flies fed a suspension of gut microbes harvested from young or old flies, respectively. Our hypothesis was that flies constitutively enriched with a ‘Young microbiome’ would live longer and be more agile at old age (i.e. have increased healthspan) compared to flies enriched with an ‘Old microbiome’. Three major take home messages came out of our study: 1) the gut microbiomes of young and old flies differ markedly; 2) feeding flies with Young and Old microbiomes modulated the microbiome of recipient flies and 3) the two different microbial diets did not have any effect on locomotor activity nor lifespan of the recipient files, contradicting our working hypothesis. Combined, these results provide novel insight into the complex interplay between hosts and their microbiomes and clearly highlight that the phenotypic effects of gut transplants and probiotics are complex and unpredictable.
Hypothesis tests on high dimensional datastreams, with finance application
Authors: Roberts Michael , Cao Jessica , Awasthi Shantanu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we present the testing of many hypotheses on multiple streams of observations that are driven by Lévy processes. This is applicable for sequential decisionmaking on the state of multi-sensor systems. In one case, each sensor receives or does not receive a signal obstructed by noise. In another, each sensor receives data driven by Lévy processes with large or small jumps. In either case, these give rise to 2n possibilities. Infinitesimal generators are presented and analyzed. Bounds for infinitesimal generators in terms of super-solutions and sub-solutions are computed. An application of this procedure for the stochastic model is also presented in relation to the financial market.
Lactobacillus_reuteri improves intestinal damage caused by selenium deficiency in mice by altering intestinal flora
Authors: Wang Fuhan , Li Kan , Hu Xiaoyu , Zhang Naisheng , Guo Meng-yao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Selenium is an indispensable micronutrient in the physiological activities of humans and animals. Due to the different distribution of selenium worldwide, people and animals in some areas have been in a state of selenium deficiency for a long time. Studies have found that chronic selenium deficiency can cause intestinal damage, closely related to changes in intestinal microbes. However, its regulation mechanism by intestinal microbes has yet to be explored.
Results
In this study, we found that chronic selenium deficiency can cause changes in the microecology of intestinal flora and intestinal damage in mice. After supplementation of probiotic Lactobacillus_reuteri, the intestinal flora structure of selenium-deficient mice was adjusted. The intestinal damage was improved. Histological analysis showed that the LSeJ group's intestinal structure was changed after ingestion of Lactobacillus_reuteri. Although the intestinal villi in LSeJ group were shorter or even broken, the intestinal crypts in LSeJ group were more numerous, the muscular layer was thicker, and the intestinal villi arrangement was denser than that in LSeN group. We examined mRNA and protein expression levels of small intestine genes related to inflammation, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, tight junction, and smooth muscle contraction. The results showed that after treatment with Lactobacillus_reuteri, the expression level of inflammatory factors in selenium-deficient mice decreased. The degree of autophagy was reduced, endoplasmic reticulum stress was reduced, apoptosis level was decreased, tight junctions were restored, and smooth muscle contraction was improved. It suggests that changes in the relative abundance of intestinal flora across species are associated with inflammation of intestinal tissue cells, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, tight junctions, and abnormal smooth muscle contraction.
Conclusions
Lactobacillus_reuteri can improve intestinal tissue inflammation, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, tight junction, and abnormal smooth muscle contraction caused by selenium deficiency. Intestinal flora plays an important role in the mechanism of chronic intestinal injury caused by selenium deficiency. It suggests potential intervention strategies based on intestinal injury caused by selenium deficiency.
An additively manufactured flexible millimeter-wave Doppler radar: Towards fully printed high-frequency multilayer flexible hybrid electronics
Authors: Tang Hong , Zhang Yingjie , Li Shiqi , Zheng Bowen , An Sensong , Haerinia Mohammad , Dong Yunxi , Huang Yi , Zhao Huan , Guo Wei , Zhang Hualiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Flexible hybrid electronics (FHE) is an emerging technology enabled through the integration of semiconductor devices and 3D printing technology. It unlocks tremendous market potential by realizing low-cost flexible circuits and systems that can be conformally integrated into various applications. However, the operating frequencies of most reported FHE systems are relatively low. It is also worth noting that reported FHE systems have been limited to simple design concepts since complex systems will impose challenges in aspects such as multilayer interconnections, printing materials, and notably, bonding layers. Here, we report an additively manufactured flexible four-layer millimeter-wave Doppler radar (i.e., a millimeter-wave FHE system). The sensing performance and flexibility of the printed radar are characterized and validated by general laboratory tests, field tests, and on-object tests. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of developing additively manufactured high-frequency multilayer FHE, which can be conformally and seamlessly integrated into irregular surfaces for applications such as vehicle radars.
Application of optical image processing technology based on priority scheduling algorithm in mobile terminal sports training assistance system
Authors: Jinglong Ding 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Due to the difficulty of basic volleyball techniques, many students find it difficult to master correct motor skills in a short period of time. By utilizing virtual coaches provided by artificial intelligence technology, students can receive more comprehensive and systematic volleyball technical training. This article introduces a volleyball decision-making assistance system based on artificial intelligence and system task scheduling algorithms. The system uses computer vision and machine learning technologies such as image recognition, object tracking, Motion planning, etc., to realize real-time tracking and analysis of players and balls in volleyball matches, and assist players in making tactics and decisions. The system first collects images on the field through a camera, and achieves real-time tracking of athletes and balls through image processing technology. Then, machine learning algorithms are used to predict and analyze the trajectory of athletes and balls, as well as to judge and predict the situation on the field. Finally, through task scheduling algorithms, the optimal tactics and decisions are formulated to provide real-time sports decision-making and assistance for athletes. The experimental results indicate that the system can effectively assist athletes in decision-making and tactical formulation in volleyball matches, improving the winning rate and competitiveness of the competition.
Caecal metabolomics of two divergently selected rabbit lines revealed microbial biological mechanisms involved in intramuscular fat deposition
Authors: Zubiri-Gaitán Agostina , Martínez-Álvaro Marina , Blasco Agustín , Hernández Pilar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Intramuscular fat content (IMF) is a key meat quality trait determined by a complex host-microbiota co-metabolism. In this study, two rabbit lines divergently selected for IMF (high-IMF (H) and low-IMF (L) lines) were used to perform a metabolomic analysis of their caecal content, with the aim to unveil the genetically-determined microbial metabolism related to IMF. A large, correlated response to selection was found in their caecal metabolome composition. The discriminant multivariate analysis performed showed 99% classification accuracy, while linear multivariate analyses performed within each line showed prediction abilities of approximately 60%. The most relevant pathways differentiating the lines were those related to amino acids (aromatic, branched-chain and gamma-glutamyl), secondary bile acids, and purines. The greater content of secondary bile acids in the L-line was related to greater lipids absorption, while the differences found in purines suggested different fermentation activities, which could be related to greater nitrogen utilization and energy efficiencies in the L-line. The linear analyses showed that lipids metabolism had greater relative importance in IMF deposition in the L-line, while a more complex microbial metabolism was involved in the H-line. The lysophospholipids and gamma-glutamyl amino acids were associated with IMF in both lines; the nucleotide and secondary bile acid metabolisms were mostly associated in the H-line; and the long-chain and branched-chain fatty acids mostly in the L-line. A metabolic signature composed of two secondary bile acids and two proteins metabolites was found with 88% classification accuracy, pointing to the interaction between lipids absorption and proteins metabolism as a relevant driver of the microbiome activity influencing IMF.
Dynamical Immunization of Data Network Controllability Processes Against Centrality Attacks on Temporal Networks
Authors: Arebi Peyman 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The main goal of controllability network methods on temporal networks is to control all nodes with the minimum number of control nodes. Real-world temporal networks are faced with many errors and attacks that cause the network structure to be changed in some way so that the controllability processes are disturbed and the network is out of fully controllability mode. One of the most important attacks on temporal networks is centrality attacks. In this paper, the types of centrality attacks and their destructive effects on the controllability of temporal networks have been investigated. To deal with centrality attacks, strategies have been proposed on dynamic graph by adding new control nodes or adding new links to the network so that the network is protected against centrality attacks. The results of simulation and comparing them with conventional methods demonstrate that the proposed node addition strategy has performed better than other methods and the improvement rate in terms of execution time is 60%. On the other hand, the proposed immunization strategy by adding links has kept the network controllable with a smaller number of links (38%) and less execution time (52%) compared to other methods.
Work-related fear-avoidance beliefs and risk of low-back pain: Prospective cohort study among healthcare workers
Authors: Jakobsen Markus Due , Vinstrup Jonas , Andersen Lars Louis 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

PURPOSE
Low-back pain (LBP) is a prevalent condition among healthcare workers, negatively affecting well-being and work ability. Research has identified fear-avoidance beliefs, i.e. the belief that physical activities worsen or prolong pain, as a key psychological factor in LBP. Given the physical demands of healthcare work, understanding the link between fear-avoidance and LBP is crucial for effective prevention and management strategies. This study investigated the prospective association between fear-avoidance beliefs and risk of increased LBP intensity and duration in hospital workers.
METHODS
Fear-avoidance beliefs and LBP were assessed in 1,933 healthcare workers from 389 departments at 19 hospitals at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Associations between baseline work-related fear-avoidance beliefs (FABW) and LBP intensity and duration at follow-up were analyzed using cumulative logistic regression, adjusting for various factors including age, sex, baseline LBP, education, seniority, patient transfers, psychosocial work environment, and lifestyle.
RESULTS
Moderate and high FABW was associated with higher odds of increased pain intensity (OR: 1.37 [95% CI: 1.09–1.73] and 1.85 [95% CI: 1.18–2.88], respectively) and prolonged pain duration (OR: 1.37 [95% CI: 1.05–1.78] and 2.27 [95% CI: 1.50–3.44], respectively). A sensitivity analysis including only female nurses showed similar results, with the high FABW group having significantly higher odds of increased pain intensity (OR 2.95, 95% CI: 1.84–4.72) and duration (OR 2.64, 95% CI: 1.55–4.49).
CONCLUSIONS
Fear-avoidance beliefs increase the risk of LBP intensity and duration among healthcare workers, emphasizing the need for interventions dealing with psychological aspects of LBP.
Development and validation of a realistic type III esophageal atresia simulator for the training of pediatric surgeons
Authors: Montero Javier Arredondo , Pérez-Riveros Blanca Paola , Asfura Oscar Emilio Bueso , Martín-Calvo Nerea , Pueyo Francisco Javier , Castaño Nicolás López de Aguileta 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: The technical complexity and limited casuistry of neonatal surgical pathology limit the possibilities of developing the necessary technical competencies by specialists in training. Esophageal atresia constitutes the paradigm of this problem. The use of 3D models for training is a promising line of research, although the literature is limited.
Methods: We conceptualized, designed, and produced an anatomically realistic model for the open correction of type III oesophageal atresia. We validated it with two groups of participants (experts and non-experts) through face, construct, and content validity questionnaires.
Results: The model was validated by 9 experts and 9 non-experts. The mean procedure time for the experts and non-experts groups was 34.0 and 38.4 minutes respectively. Two non-experts did not complete the procedure at the designed time (45 minutes). Regarding the face validity questionnaire, the mean rating of the model was 3.2 out of 4. Regarding the construct validity, we found statistically significant differences between groups for the equidistance between sutures, 100% correct in the expert group vs. 42.9% correct in the non-expert group (p=0.02), and for the item “Confirms that tracheoesophageal fistula closure is watertight before continuing the procedure”, correctly assessed by 66.7% of the experts vs. by 11.1% of non-experts (p=0.05). Concerning content validity, the mean score was 3.3 out of 4 for the experts and 3.3 out of 4 for the non-experts (p=0.32).
Conclusions: The present model is a cost-effective, simple to produce, and validated option for the training of open correction of type III oesophageal atresia. Future studies with larger sample sizes and blinded validators are needed before drawing definitive conclusions.
The METTL3/TRAP1 Axis as a Key Regulator of 5-Fluorouracil Chemosensitivity in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kang Qingjie , Hu Xiaoyu , Chen Zhenzhou , Liang Xiaolong , Xiang Song , Wang Ziwei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) stands as the frontline chemotherapeutic for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the enduring challenge of chemoresistance to 5-FU persists in clinical practice, and the precise regulatory mechanisms governing 5-FU response and resistance in CRC remain elusive. This study aims to investigate the role and mechanisms of METTL3 in regulating 5-FU chemosensitivity in CRC cells. Practically, 5-FU treatment not only hindered cell viability and induced apoptosis but also led to a reduction in METTL3 expression in HCT-116 and HCT-8 cells. Through a range of assays including drug sensitivity, EdU, colony formation, TUNEL staining, and flow cytometry, we unveiled that METTL3 depletion heightened 5-FU sensitivity and augmented apoptosis induction in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, METTL3 overexpression conferred HCT-116 and HCT-8 cells with resistance to 5-FU. Mechanistically, METTL3 regulates 5-FU sensitivity and apoptosis induction by modulating TRAP1 expression. Further, m6A colorimetric ELISA and MeRIP-qPCR assays demonstrated that METTL3 regulated TRAP1 expression in an m6A-dependent manner. Furthermore, the overexpression of TRAP1 mitigated the cytotoxic effects of 5-FU on HCT-116 and HCT-8 cells. In conclusion, this study uncovers the pivotal role of the METTL3/TRAP1 axis in modulating 5-FU chemosensitivity in CRC.
Stoichiometry Effects on Paralinear Oxidation
Authors: smialek james 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Paralinear oxidation models provide a description of parabolic scale growth combined with linear loss, as might occur for scales forming volatile oxide, hydroxide, chloride, or fluoride scales. Classic weight change exhibits an initial parabolic oxygen gain, a maximum (ΔWmax at tmax), then a linear loss. The magnitude of these features is determined by the parabolic growth rate, kp, the linear volatility rate, kv, and the stoichiometric constant of the reaction, S (fixed by the atomic weights and stoichiometry of the reaction). Model curves were generated (at constant kp and kv) to show that, for typical oxides, increases in S only moderately decrease ΔWmax and tmax, but directly increase the rate of mass loss. Furthermore, it is shown that, on average, kp ≈ 4.06 (ΔWmax)2/tmax and kv ≈ 1.15 (ΔWmax)/tmax. These relations apply for a broad spectrum of scale molecular weights, ranging from low mass SiO2 to high mass Ta2O5 oxides. Oxidation of carbides and nitrides may release C and N elements and thus increase the effective Seff, with concomitant effects on the paralinear curves. The above analysis was facilitated by COSP for Windows software.
ProRLearn: Boosting Prompt Tuning-based Vulnerability Detection by Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Ren Zilong , Ju Xiaolin , Chen Xiang , Shen Hao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Software vulnerability detection is a critical step in ensuring system security and data protection. Recent research has demonstrated the effectiveness of deep learning in automated vulnerability detection. However, it is difficult for deep learning models to understand the semantics and domain-specific knowledge of source code. In this study, we introduce a new vulnerability detection framework ProRLearn, which leverages two main techniques (i.e., prompt tuning and reinforcement learning). Since existing fine-tuning of pre-trained language models (PLMs) struggles to leverage domain knowledge fully, we introduce a new automatic prompt-tuning technique. Precisely, prompt tuning mimics the pre-training process of PLMs by rephrasing task input and adding prompts, using the PLM’s output as the prediction output. The introduction of the reinforcement learning reward mechanism aims to guide the behavior of vulnerability detection through a reward and pun- ishment model, enabling it to learn effective strategies for obtaining maximum long-term rewards in specific environments. The introduction of reinforcement learning aims to encourage the model to learn how to maximize rewards or minimize penalties, thus enhancing performance. Experiments on two datasets (FFMPeg+Qemu and Reveal) indicate that ProRLearn achieves an F1 score improvement of 3.58%- 28.6% over state-of-the-art baselines. The combination of prompt tuning and reinforcement learning can offer a potential opportunity to improve performance in vulnerability detection. This means that it can effectively improve the performance level of the system in responding to constantly changing network environments and new threats. This interdisciplinary approach contributes to a better understanding of the interplay between natural language processing and reinforcement learning, opening up new opportunities and challenges for future research and applications.