bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered movement trajectories and force control during object transport in Huntington's disease
Authors: Quinn L. , Reilmann R. , Marder K. , Gordon A.M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIndividuals with Huntington's Disease (HD) have difficulty grasping and transporting objects, however, the extent to which specific impairments affect their performance is unknown. The present study examined the kinematics and force coordination during transport of an object in 12 subjects with HD and 12 age‐matched controls. Subjects grasped an object between their thumb and index finger, transported it 25 cm forward, replaced and released it while their fingertip forces and the object's position were recorded. Five trials were performed with each of three weights (200 g, 400 g, and 800 g). While bradykinesia was evident in subjects with HD, this slowness was not consistently observed in all phases of the movement. The slowness of movement seen during the task appears to be due to impairments in sequencing and the movement strategies selected by the subjects. Compared to control subjects, subjects with HD produced highly curvilinear hand paths and more variable grip forces that were dependent on the weight of the object. Isometric force development and movement speed during transport were unaffected by the disease. The results suggest that prolonged task durations in subjects with HD are not necessarily due to slowness of movement, per se. These findings have clinical implications for understanding the task‐specific nature of movement impairments in HD and developing effective intervention strategies. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Deep brain stimulation of the internal pallidum did not improve chorea in a patient with neuro‐acanthocytosis
Authors: Wihl G. , Volkmann J. , Allert N. , Lehrke R. , Sturm V. , Freund H.‐J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report the failure of bilateral globus pallidus internus deep brain stimulation to improve chorea in a patient with chorea‐acanthocytosis. Prior to this surgery the patient had experienced a striking but short lived amelioration of symptoms with clozapine therapy.
Home alone: Methods to maximize tic expression for objective videotape assessments in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome
Authors: Goetz Christopher G. , Leurgans Sue , Chmura Teresa A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOur objective was to test whether at‐home videotapes yield enhanced information on tics compared to office‐based videotapes and a patient questionnaire on the current anatomical distribution of tics. Ten subjects with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (age range 8–49 years) who were seen for initial evaluation completed a check list of anatomical areas currently affected with tics, and underwent a videotape examination according to the Rush Videotape Protocol. Each patient/family conducted the same protocol at home at the same time of day within 48 hours. We rated two tapes in random order using the modified published scoring method for the Rush Video‐based Tic Rating Scale. Two environments were compared, the doctor's office and at home, with videotapes taken in three conditions: patient engaged in relaxed conversation, patient quietly seated with filmer in the room, and patient quietly seated alone in the room. Data were analyzed using a 2‐factor repeated‐measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Wilcoxon signed rank tests.All patients provided excellent quality videotapes that could be scored without difficulty. Environment (office vs. home) and Condition (conversation, quiet with observer, quiet and alone) were both highly significant (P < .0001) and did not interact (P = .54). The highest tic scores for total tic impairment occurred at home with the patient alone (mean score 14.5), and the lowest yield occurred in the office with an observer present (mean score 5.4), the setting closest to the clinical neurological examination. The Home/Alone video segments revealed tics not otherwise seen. Patient questionnaires on body regions recorded more areas than observed in the office videotape, but patients were unaware of several tics captured on the Home/Alone segment.Patients can produce videotapes for objective tic assessments. Because at‐home videotapes consistently yield higher tic expressions than in‐office films and capture tics that are not appreciated by patients, this methodology is well‐suited for enhanced retrieval of objective data on tic expression. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Fatigue in Parkinson's disease: a nine‐year follow‐up
Authors: Friedman J.H. , Friedman H. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractFatigue affects about 50% of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and is frequently one of its most disabling aspects. It does not correlate with disease severity or duration but does correlate with depression. Fatigue and depression are distinct symptoms and fatigue often fails to respond to antidepressants. The natural history of fatigue in PD is unknown, as no longitudinal studies have been published. This report describes the follow‐up of subjects from our original study performed 9 years ago. Fatigue was a persistent problem for our subjects. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Poetic talent unmasked by treatment of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Schrag Anette , Trimble Michael 
Published: August 2002

AbstractParkinson's disease is typically characterised by loss of function and previous abilities, often accompanied by complications of treatment in later stages of the disease. We report on a patient who newly developed an artistic skill after starting treatment for Parkinson's disease. This case offers insight into the neurology of the artistic process as well as into the pathophysiology of psychiatric adverse reactions to the treatment of PD. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Multifactorial effects on the patency rates of forearm arterial repairs
Authors: Bacakoğlu Abdülkadir , Özkan Mustafa Hulusi , Coşkunol Erhan , Özdemir Oğuz , Ekin Ahmet 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIt is clear that the late clinical symptomatology and the patency of forearm arterial repairs have been contradictory. This study, during which the relationship between the symptomatology and patency has been studied, explores the influence of the local hemodynamic changes and the effect of microsurgical technique on patency rates. Thirty‐five patients with a total of 44 arterial injuries were treated. Hemodynamic studies were done intraoperatively, and all patients were evaluated postoperatively with a neurologic, vascular, clinical examination and by radiodiagnostic methods. An overall patency of 77.2% was found. Color‐Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) failed by 14.2% as compared with angiography, which did not fail. High blood pressure on the distal stump led to significantly reduced patency rates. Eight patients without nerve problems were found to be symptomatic as a result of the poor patency rate. Many factors are observed to influence patency rate. The nonpatent forearm artery can be symptomatic in anatomically and hemodynamically varied hands. CDU was more reliable for hemodynamic evaluation; conversely, angiography was more dependable for arterial morphology. The results of this study suggest that to correlate the clinical symptomatology and the patency rates, all arterial repairs should be assessed both clinically and radiodiagnostically. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 21:37–42 2001
End‐to‐side neurorrhaphy
Authors: Zhang Feng , Fischer Kenneth A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractEnd‐to‐side neurorrhaphy, a possible strategy for treating nerve lesions without useable proximal nerve stumps, has been experimentally and clinically investigated. In end‐to‐side neurorrhaphy, three main elements should be considered: 1) the induction of axonal collateral sprouting in the donor nerve; 2) the ability of the collateral axons to pierce the different conjunctival layers, including the ability the donor nerve basal laminae, to reinnervate the recipient nerve; and 3) the functional plasticity and behavioral readjustment of single motoneurons that have eventually adopted new motor units. This article reviews the following areas of research and clinical investigation: animal models, axonal collateral sprouting from end‐to‐side neurorrhaphy, effect of epineurotomy and perineurotomy on axon regeneration, motor reinnervation, and clinical trials. © 2002 Wiley Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 22:122–127 2002
Quasiclass‐F high‐efficiency power amplifier for wireless handset application using GaAs enhancement HJFET
Authors: Geng H. , Hasegawa Y. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA new linear high‐efficiency multichip module power amplifier (MCM PA) with 0.1 cm3 volume for TDMA cellular handset applications is developed using an E‐mode GaAs HJFET. Operating from a 3.5 V dc single‐polarity supply, the amplifier is targeted at a PAE of 55% for TDMA applications. The measured results indicate the attractiveness and advisability of the E‐mode GaAs HJFET used for cellular handset applications, and final output characteristics validate the proposed quasiclass‐F power amplifier design procedure. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 409–411, 2001.
Design and SPICE simulations of lossy and dispersive nonlinear transmission lines driven by a step‐like generator
Authors: Ferrari P. , Jrad A. , Tao J. W. , Duchamp J. M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this paper, a time‐domain method based on SPICE is presented for the simulation of nonlinear transmission lines (NLTLs) for shock‐wave generation in hybrid or monolithic technology. Attenuation due to skin‐effect losses, radiative losses, and coplanar waveguide transmission‐line dispersion are taken into account. Simulated results of a 95‐section NLTL excited by a 6 V and 16 ps fall time step‐like generator are shown. We show that the skin effect is the principal limitation when dealing with the output waveform minimum fall time. This demonstrates that the skin effect can no longer be neglected in the simulation process. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 17–21, 2002.
Dual‐band shorted patch antenna for dual ISM‐band application
Authors: Yeh Shih‐Huang , Fang Shyh‐Tirng , Wong Kin‐Lu 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA novel shorted patch antenna with a shorted parasitic patch for dual‐band operation is proposed. The upper and lower operating frequencies are, respectively, controlled by the driven and parasitic patches, which are both operated as a quarter‐wavelength structure in the proposed design. A prototype of the proposed design for achieving dual ISM‐band operation at 2.45 and 5.8 GHz has also been implemented. The constructed prototype occupies a small volume of 5×9×20 mm3, and good antenna gain for the two operating bands has been obtained. Details of the proposed design and the experimental results of the constructed prototype are presented. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 79–80, 2002.
Effects of high temperature on the electrical behavior of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs
Authors: Guhel Y. , Boudart B. , Hoel V. , Werquin M. , Gaquiere C. , De Jaeger J. C. , Poisson M. A. , Daumiller I. , Kohn E. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractHigh‐temperature effects on the electrical behavior of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs have been evaluated. dc measurements have been performed for different illumination and temperature conditions. The unpassivated devices present a good ohmic contact technology up to 550 °C in air. These high‐temperature electrical measurements have also shown the existence of electrical traps. These traps are sensitive to the bias point, the illumination, and the temperature. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 4–6, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10355
Probe‐fed compact circular microstrip antenna for circular polarization
Authors: Chen Horng‐Dean , Chen Wen‐Shyang 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA novel design of a probe‐fed circular microstrip antenna with a group of four slits inserted at the circular patch boundary for achieving compact circular polarization (CP) operation is presented. The proposed design can make its excited fundamental‐mode patch surface current path much longer than that in a conventional circular microstrip antenna with the same antenna size, which makes the present proposed design have a reduced antenna size at a given operating frequency. By further incorporating a pair of peripheral cuts in the circular patch, compact CP operation can easily be obtained using a probe feed. Results have been obtained showing that, for a given operating frequency, the antenna size reduction of the proposed design can be as large as 50%, as compared to the regular‐size circularly polarized circular microstrip antenna. Details of the proposed antenna designs are described, and experimental results of the obtained CP performance are presented and discussed. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 29: 52–54, 2001.
Art therapy as support for children with leukemia during painful procedures
Authors: Favara‐Scacco Cinzia , Smirne Giuseppina , Schilirò Gino , Di Cataldo Andrea 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundChildren with leukemia undergo painful procedures such as lumbar puncture and bone marrow aspiration. To overcome pain, certain units offer total anesthesia; others offer generic support; others offer no preparation at all. Since September, 1997, we have provided leukemic children with art therapy (AT), a nonverbal and creative modality that develops coping skills. Our goal is to prevent anxiety and fear during painful interventions as well as prolonged emotional distress.ProcedureWe treated 32 children aged 2–14 years. The modes of AT before, during, and after the punctures were as follows: clinical dialogue to calm children and help them cope with painful procedures; visual imagination to activate alternative thought processes and decrease the attention towards overwhelming reality and raise the peripheral sensitivity gate; medical play to clarify illness, eliminate doubts, and offer control over threatening reality; structured drawing to contain anxiety by offering a structured, predictable reality (the drawing) that was controllable by children; free drawing to allow children to externalize confusion and fears; and dramatization to help children accept and reconcile themselves to body changes.ResultsChildren hospitalized before September, 1997, exhibited resistance and anxiety during and after painful procedures. By contrast, children provided with AT from the first hospitalization exhibited collaborative behavior. They or their parents asked for AT when the intervention had to be repeated. Parents declared themselves better able to manage the painful procedures when AT was offered.ConclusionsAT was shown to be a useful intervention that can prevent permanent trauma and support children and parents during intrusive interventions. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 36:474–480, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Opsoclonus‐myoclonus‐ataxia syndrome in neuroblastoma: Clinical outcome and antineuronal antibodies—a report from the children's cancer group study
Authors: Rudnick Emily , Khakoo Yasmin , Antunes Nuno L. , Seeger Robert C. , Brodeur Garrett M. , Shimada Hiroyuki , Gerbing Robert B. , Stram Daniel O. , Matthay Katherine K. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundOpsoclonus‐myoclonus‐ataxia (OMA) is a paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome affecting 2–3% of children with neuroblastoma. Although children with OMA and neuroblastoma may have higher survival, many experience a significant amount of late neurologic impairment, which may be immunologically mediated. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of neuroblastoma patients with and without OMA, relating to prognostic factors, treatment, and the presence or absence of anti‐neuronal antibodies.ProcedureQuestionnaires were mailed out requesting information on the current neurologic status of patients who submitted sera at diagnosis to the Children's Cancer Group serum bank from 1980 to 1994. Information was requested on clinical and biological patient characteristics as well as clinical aspects of the patients identified as having OMA syndrome, including presentation and treatment for OMA, late sequelae of OMA, the presence or absence of antineuronal antibodies, and survival. Sera from 16 of the OMA patients and 48 case‐controls with neuroblastoma were assayed for anti‐neuronal antibodies.ResultsOf the 675 responses received, 21 patients had OMA. Ninety percent of OMA patients presented with non‐metastatic disease, vs. 35% of non‐OMA patients. Estimated 3‐year survival for the OMA patients with nonmetastatic disease (stage I, II, III) greater than 1 year of age was 100% vs. 77% for similar non‐OMA patients (P = 0.0222). At follow‐up, 14/19 evaluable OMA patients displayed some form of developmental or neurologic abnormality. There was no significant correlation of late sequelae with antineuronal antibodies, age, time between OMA symptoms and diagnosis, or treatment given for tumor or OMA. There was a significant correlation of late sequelae with lower stage disease (I and II) compared to more advanced disease (III and IV).ConclusionsPatients with OMA and neuroblastoma have excellent survival but a high risk of neurologic sequelae. Favorable disease stage correlates with a higher risk for development of neurologic sequelae. The role of anti‐neuronal antibodies in late sequelae of OMA needs further clarification. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 36:612–622, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
One‐dimensional pulse technique for detection of quaternary carbons
Authors: Gowda G. A. Nagana 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA one‐dimensional pulse scheme employing pulsed field gradients for detecting only quaternary carbons is reported. This new scheme, referred to as PFG‐QCD (pulsed field gradient quaternary carbon detection), suppresses primary, secondary and tertiary (CH3, CH2 and CH) carbons very efficiently by creating their antiphase magnetization and then either dephasing the antiphase magnetization using pulsed field gradients or by the introduction of proton decoupling to the antiphase carbon magnetization. The experimental results of the new technique also demonstrate that mis‐setting of the parameters such as the τ delay and the pulse widths does not appreciably degrade the quality of the resultant spectrum. The proposed method provides spectra which are superior, in terms of suppression of unwanted protonated carbon signals, to the other editing methods and thus provides a useful alternative technique for routine applications. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Total assignment of 1H and 13C NMR spectra of two 3,4‐secofriedelanes from Austroplenckia populnea
Authors: Vieira Filho S. A. , Duarte L. P. , Silva G. D. F. , Lula I. S. , dos Santos M. H. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTwo new 3,4‐secofriedelanes, 3,4‐seco‐28‐hydroxyfriedelan‐3‐oic acid (1) and 3,4‐secofriedelan‐3‐oic acid (2), were isolated from the leaves of Austroplenckia populnea (Celastraceae). The structures were established by 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques (COSY, HMQC, HMBC and NOESY). Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immunization of female cynomolgus macaques with a synthetic epitope of sperm‐specific lactate dehydrogenase results in high antibody titers but does not reduce fertility
Authors: Tollner T.L. , Overstreet J.W. , Branciforte D. , Primakoff P.D. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPrevious studies have reported reduced fertility in female baboons immunized with a synthetic peptide derived from the sperm‐specific isozyme of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH‐C). In this study, a similar approach was used to immunize female cynomolgus macaques with the same peptide sequence (bC5‐19) conjugated to a T‐cell epitope from tetanus toxin (TT). Twelve female monkeys were immunized with bC5‐19:TT delivered with Ribi MPL adjuvant vehicle, and 10 control female monkeys were injected with the adjuvant vehicle only. All 12 females in the treatment group developed LDH‐C‐specific serum antibodies as measured by ELISA, but anti‐LDH‐C antibodies were not detected in vaginal fluids of the immunized animals. After 4 months of timed mating immediately following the immunizations, five of the ten immunized females became pregnant, as did six of the ten control females. Anti‐sera from both pregnant and nonpregnant bC5‐19:TT‐immunized females recognize a single band at 35 kDa on Western blots of whole sperm extracts, and purified Igs from the same sera localize along the principle piece of the flagellum of permeabilized sperm. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 62: 257–264, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Heat shock proteins Hsp70‐1 and Hsp70‐3 Are necessary and sufficient to prevent arsenite‐induced dysmorphology in mouse embryos*
Authors: Hunter E. Sidney , Dix David J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractHeat Shock Proteins (HSPs) represent a variety of protein families that are induced by stressors such as heat and toxicants, and the induction of HSPs in the organogenesis stage rodent embryo is well established. It has been proposed that thermotolerance and chemotolerance result from expression of the HSPs. However, whether these proteins function to prevent dysmorphogenesis and which family members serve this function are unknown. Therefore, we evaluated the specific ability of stress‐inducible Hsp70‐1 and Hsp70‐3 to prevent arsenite‐induced dysmorphology in the cultured mouse embryo using gain‐ and loss‐of‐function models. Loss of HSP function was accomplished by injecting antisense oligonucleotides directed against hsp70‐1 and hsp 70‐3 mRNAs into the amniotic cavity of cultured Day 9 mouse embryos. Suppression of hsp70‐1 and hsp70‐3 expression resulted in an up to six‐fold increase in the incidence of arsenite‐induced neural tube defects. Gain of HSP function was accomplished by microinjecting a transgene with a constitutive promotor driving expression of the hsp70‐1 coding region, and resulted in a decreased incidence of arsenite‐induced neural tube defects. These results indicate that Hsp70‐1 and Hsp70‐3 are both necessary and sufficient for preventing arsenite‐induced dysmorphology in early‐somite staged mouse embryos. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 59:285–293, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Production of transgenic bovine embryos by transfer of transfected granulosa cells into enucleated oocytes
Authors: Arat Sezen , Rzucidlo S. Jacek , Gibbons John , Miyoshi Kazuchika , Stice Steven L. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAdult granulosa donor cells used in the nuclear transfer (NT) procedure can result in cloned cattle. Subsequently, it may be possible to use the same cell type to produce cloned transgenic cattle. Therefore, this study examined the effect of genetic manipulation and serum levels in culture of donor granulosa cells on developmental rates and cell number of bovine NT embryos. A primary cell line was established from granulosa cells collected by aspirating ovarian follicles. Cells transfected with a plasmid containing the enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) gene, and non‐transfected cells were used for cloning between passage 10 and 15 as serum‐starved and serum‐fed donor cells. There were no significant differences (P > 0.1) in cleavage rates or development to the blastocyst stage for NT embryos from transfected (60.4 and 13.5%, respectively) or non‐transfected (61.9 and 14.1%, respectively) and serum‐starved (60.6 and 13.4%, respectively) or serum‐fed (61.3 and 14%, respectively) cells. Development rates to blastocyst stage of embryos produced using cells at passage 15 (27.1%) were significantly higher than those produced with cells at passage 10,11, and 13 (7, 11.5, and 14%, respectively, P < 0.05). Green fluorescence was observed at different intensity levels in all blastocyst stage embryos resulting from transfected donor cells. The results of the present study indicated that genetically modified granulosa cells can be used to produce transgenic NT embryos and primary transgenic adult cells at late passage may be more effective donor cells than earlier passaged cells. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 60: 20–26, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.