bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Li/Ni Intermixing: The Real Origin of Lattice Oxygen Stability in Co‐Free Ni‐Rich Cathode Materials
Authors: Song Yijun , Cui Yongpeng , Geng Lin , Li Bingyu , Ge Lina , Zhou Li , Qiu Zhijian , Nan Jun , Wu Wei , Xu Han , Li Xuejin , Yan Zifeng , Xue Qingzhong , Tang Yongfu , Xing Wei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Co‐free Ni‐rich layered cathode materials with excellent structural stability and low‐cost in Ni‐rich family are emerging as the promising candidates for the next generation of high‐energy density cathodes. Previously, Mn is generally regarded as the structural stabilizer in Co‐free Ni‐rich cathodes, while the role of inevitable Li/Ni intermixing is underestimated. Herein, the study reveals that the real origin of the lattice oxygen/structure stability of Co‐free Ni‐rich cathodes is dominated more by Li/Ni intermixing than the widely accepted Mn. In the Li/Ni intermixing configuration, the intermixed Ni ions can suppress the oxidation of lattice oxygen by increasing the formation energy of oxygen vacancy and reducing charge compensation. Besides, the Li vacancy formed via the delithiation of intermixed Li in transition metal layer can serve as O2 capture sites. This dual stabilization mechanism is proposed and proved to be effectively in enhancing the reversibility of lattice oxygen and the stability of material structural. This work sheds light on the mechanism of stabilizing lattice oxygen through Li/Ni intermixing, which provides new insights for designing better batteries.
Is the long‐tailed macaque at risk of extinction?
Authors: Hilborn Ray , Smith David R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe review the evidence that long‐tailed macaques are at risk of extinction and find that papers supporting this argument present no data supporting a hypothesized decline in abundance. These papers contain numerous misrepresentations of the published literature. Long‐tailed macaques thrive in human‐altered habitats, are listed by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature as an invasive species of concern, and have shown the ability to increase by 7%–10% per year from low numbers, making the probability of extinction very low.
Effect of Alkali‐ and Alkaline‐Earth‐Metal Promoters on Silica‐Supported Co−Fe Alloy for Autocatalytic CO2 Fixation
Authors: Song Youngdong , Beyazay Tuğçe , Tüysüz Harun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHydrothermal vents harbor numerous microbial communities rich in reduced carbon species such as formate, acetate, and hydrocarbons. Such essential chemicals for life are produced by H2‐dependent CO2 reduction, where serpentinization provides continuous H2 and thermal energy. Here, we show that silica‐supported bimetallic Co−Fe alloys, naturally occurring minerals around serpentinite, can convert CO2 and H2O to key metabolic intermediates of the acetyl coenzyme A pathway such as formate (up to 72 mM), acetate, and pyruvate under mild hydrothermal vent conditions. Long‐chain hydrocarbons up to C6 including propene are also detected, just as in the Lost City hydrothermal field. The effects of promoters on structural properties and catalytic functionalities of the Co−Fe alloy are systematically investigated by incorporating a series of alkali and alkaline earth metals including Na, Mg, K, and Ca. Alkali and alkaline earth metals resulted in higher formate concentrations when dissolved in water and increased reaction pH, while alkaline earth metals also favored the formation of insoluble hydroxides and carbonates similar to the constituent minerals of the chimneys at the Lost City hydrothermal fields.
Towards Optical Information Recording: A Robust Visible‐Light‐Driven Molecular Photoswitch with the Ring‐Closure Reaction Yield Exceeding 96.3 %
Authors: Hong Pan , Liu Jing , Qin Kai‐Xuan , Tian Rui , Peng Ling‐Yan , Su Yun‐Shu , Gan Zongsong , Yu Xiang‐Xiang , Ye Lei , Zhu Ming‐Qiang , Li Chong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDiarylethene molecular photoswitches hold great fascination as optical information materials due to their unique bistability and exceptional reversible photoswitching properties. Conventional diarylethenes, however, rely on UV light for ring‐closure reactions, typically with modest yields. For practical application, diarylethenes driven by visible lights are preferred but achieving high ring‐closure reaction yield remains a significant challenge. Herein, we synthesized a novel all‐visible‐light‐driven photoswitch, TPAP−DTE, by facilely endcapping the dithienylethene (DTE) core with triphenylamine phenyl (TPAP) groups. Owing to the electron‐donating conjugation effect of TPAP, the open‐form TPAP−DTE responds strongly to short‐wavelength visible lights with considerable photocyclization quantum yields and molar absorption coefficient. Upon 405 nm visible‐light irradiation, TPAP−DTE achieves a ring‐closure reaction yield exceeding 96.3 % (confirmed by both nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high‐performance liquid chromatography). Its ring‐opening reaction yield is 100 % upon irradiation with long‐wavelength visible light. TPAP−DTE could be regarded as a bidirectional “quasi”‐quantitative conversion molecular switch. Furthermore, TPAP−DTE exhibits robust fatigue resistance over 100 full photoswitching cycles and great anti‐aging property under 85 °C and 85 % humidity for at least 1000 h. Consequently, its rewritable QR‐code, multilevel data storage, and anti‐counterfeiting/encryption applications are successfully demonstrated exclusively using visible lights, positioning TPAP−DTE as a highly promising medium for information recording.
Advancements and Perspectives toward Lignin Valorization via O‐Demethylation
Authors: Wu Xian , Smet Ewoud , Brandi Francesco , Raikwar Deepak , Zhang Zhenlei , Maes Bert U. W. , Sels Bert F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLignin represents the largest aromatic carbon resource in plants, holding significant promise as a renewable feedstock for bioaromatics and other cyclic hydrocarbons in the context of the circular bioeconomy. However, the methoxy groups of aryl methyl ethers, abundantly found in technical lignins and lignin‐derived chemicals, limit their pertinent chemical reactivity and broader applicability. Unlocking the phenolic hydroxyl functionality through O‐demethylation (ODM) has emerged as a valuable approach to mitigate this need and enables further applications. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the progress in the valorization of technical lignin and lignin‐derived chemicals via ODM, both catalytic and non‐catalytic reactions. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the properties and potential applications of the O‐demethylated products is presented, accompanied by a systematic overview of available ODM reactions. This review primarily focuses on enhancing the phenolic hydroxyl content in lignin‐derived species through ODM, showcasing its potential in the catalytic funneling of lignin and value‐added applications. A comprehensive synopsis and future outlook are included in the concluding section of this review.
The impact of distributed leadership on teacher commitment: The mediation role of teacher workload stress and teacher well‐being
Authors: Bellibaş Mehmet Şükrü , Gümüş Sedat , Chen Junjun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis research aims to investigate the relationship between distributed leadership in a school and teacher commitment, emphasising the mediating roles of teachers' workload stress and teacher well‐being using the Teaching and Learning International Survey dataset 2018 with 47 regions. Structural equation modelling on pooled and separate country samples was used to analyse the data. Results indicate that the impact of distributed leadership on teacher commitment is mediated by workload stress and well‐being across all jurisdictions, with a few exceptions. The study also suggests that distributed leadership is necessary to support teacher well‐being via the lens of their workload, which may lead to an increase in teacher sense of commitment. The results recommend practitioners and policymakers support and sustain the distribution of decision‐making powers among the school community and establish a culture of collaboration and mutual responsibility for the operation of the school. In this way, a less stressful work environment and consequently increased teacher mental and physical well‐being and commitment might be possible.
Enhancing production and purity of 9‐OH‐AD from phytosterols by balancing metabolic flux of the side‐chain degradation and 9‐position hydroxylation in Mycobacterium neoaurum
Authors: Zhu Xiaomei , Wang Xiao , Zhang Jian , Wang Xuedong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract9α‐Hydroxyandroster‐4‐ene‐3,17‐dione (9‐OH‐AD) is a representative steroid drug intermediate that can be prepared by phytosterols (PS) biotransformation with mycobacteria in a resting cell‐cyclodextrin system. In this study, over‐expression of 17β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (Hsd4A) was testified to enhance the side‐chain degradation of PS and to reduce the incomplete degradation by‐products. Meanwhile, the complete degradation product 4‐androstene‐3,17‐dione (AD) was increased due to the lack of 3‐Ketosteroid 9α‐Hydroxylase (KshA1) activities. To increase the production and purity of 9‐OH‐AD, the metabolic pathway of the side‐chain degradation of PS and 9‐position hydroxylation was modulated by balancing the over‐expression of Hsd4A and KshA1 in mycobacteria and reducing the bioconversion rate via lowering the ratio of PS and cyclodextrin. The production and purity of 9‐OH‐AD in broth were improved from 22.18 g L−1 and 77.13% to 28.27 g L−1 and 87.84%, with a molar yield of 78.32%.
CEO foreign experience and corporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Fukang , Zhang Han 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis research examines the impact of the Chinese CEOs with foreign experience from developed nations on the firm's environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance, drawing on imprinting theory, stakeholder theory, and resource dependence theory. Using manually collected data of CEOs' foreign experience and corporate ESG data from the Bloomberg database for Chinese listed firms from 2011 to 2020, we observe that CEOs with foreign imprinting tend to improve their corporate ESG performance in China. The positive relationship between CEO foreign experience and corporate ESG performance is more significant when the CEO is female, when the CEO is more educated, and when the firm is state‐owned. To better understand the underlying influence, our study indicates that the influence of CEOs' foreign experiences on corporate ESG performance is primarily manifested in the advancement of corporate social and environmental responsibility. Section 4.3 reveals that experiences obtained from developed economies have a more pronounced impact on promoting firms' ESG performance compared to experiences gained in underdeveloped countries. This empirical evidence underscores the significance of foreign experiences gained in developed economies in driving firms' ESG performance. Overall, our research makes a contribution to the study of CEOs' foreign exposure and corporate ESG performance.
Advances in Metal 3D Printing Technology for Tailored Self‐Catalytic Reactor Design
Authors: Kim Hyo‐Jin , Mori Kohsuke , Nakano Takayoshi , Yamashita Hiromi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMetal 3D printing is revolutionizing the industry by enabling rapid and cost‐effective production of complex metal 3D products with intricate geometries, attracting significant attention in recent years. Particularly, metal 3D‐printed catalysts have emerged as a cutting‐edge fusion technology that serves as both catalysts and reactors, referred to as self‐catalytic reactors (SCRs). Therefore, this concept article aims to introduce the recent advancements in metal 3D printing technology in the catalyst and reactor field, and illustrate the various aspects for the rational design of self‐catalytic reactors.
Electronic Redistribution Through the Interface: A Prodigy that Enhances Electrocatalysis
Authors: Gaur Ashish , Sharma Jatin , Bagchi Vivek 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEfficient design approaches have been developed to create electrocatalysts with the aim of enhancing both the number of active sites and the inherent activity of each individual active site. There is a requirement for more universally applicable approaches to thoroughly understand the activity of electrocatalysts. Particularly in this regard, heterointerfaces that exhibit a strong coupling effect have significantly improved the reaction kinetics of electrocatalysis. The electronic redistribution that takes place between the two phases through the interface is the cause of the increased catalytic activity that is exhibited by the heterostructures. Electrophilic and nucleophilic sites are generated on the surface of the catalyst as a result of the electronic redistribution that occurs from one phase to another phase. These sites have the ability to catalyze both the HER and the OER simultaneously. However, a comprehensive debate is required regarding the mechanistic route that is responsible for the acceleration of the reaction rate experienced by the reallocation of electrons.This review summarizes the electron redistribution phenomenon happening after the strong contact between two interfaces. We have explained the charge distribution phenomenon in semiconductor‐semiconductor heterojunctions and metal‐semiconductor heterojunctions.
Career decision‐making, career exploration behaviors, and self‐regulated learning
Authors: Morgan Michael J. , Heo Jungyeong , Osborn Debra S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHelping individuals make a career decision is a key aim of career counseling. Determining how to encourage self‐regulated learning and behaviors needed to achieve this goal often underlies career interventions. The English version of the Career Exploration Behavior survey (CEB‐E) measures activities individuals engage in to learn about career options. The present study explored the psychometric properties of the CEB and its impact on various career outcomes. In the first study (N = 498), a good‐fitting second‐order factor model with four group‐level scales and loadings was retained as the best model. In the second study (N = 143), convergent validity and incremental validity of the CEB dimensions were explored through correlation and regression analyses. The CEB predicted commitment making, metacognitions, and vocational identity. Results suggest the CEB‐E is a psychometrically sound assessment of career exploration behaviors with potential utility for theory development, program evaluation, and monitoring client progress.
Covalent Organic Frameworks as Electrode Materials for Alkali Metal‐ion Batteries
Authors: Cui Shuzhen , Miao Wenxing , Peng Hui , Ma Guofu , Lei Ziqiang , Zhu Lei , Xu Yuxi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of porous crystalline polymeric materials constructed by linking organic small molecules through covalent bonds. COFs have the advantages of strong covalent bond network, adjustable pore structure, large specific surface area and excellent thermal stability, and have broad application prospects in various fields. Based on these advantages, rational COFs design strategies such as the introduction of active sites, construction of conjugated structures, and carbon material composite, etc. can effectively improve the conductivity and stability of the electrode materials in the field of batteries. This paper introduces the latest research results of high‐performance COFs electrode materials in alkali metal‐ion batteries (LIBs, SIBs, PIBs and LSBs) and other advanced batteries. The current challenges and future design directions of COFs‐based electrode are discussed. It provides useful insights for the design of novel COFs structures and the development of high‐performance alkali metal‐ion batteries.
Dynamic Covalent Bonds in the Ebselen Class of Antioxidants Probed by X‐ray Quantum Crystallography
Authors: Singh Ashi , Avinash Kiran , Malaspina Lorraine A. , Banoo Masoumeh , Alhameedi Khidhir , Jayatilaka Dylan , Grabowsky Simon , Thomas Sajesh P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDynamic bonds are essential structural ingredients of dynamic covalent chemistry that involve reversible cleavage and formation of bonds. Herein, we explore the electronic characteristics of Se−N bonds in the organo‐selenium antioxidant ebselen and its derivatives for their propensity to function as dynamic covalent bonds by employing high‐resolution X‐ray quantum crystallography and complementary computational studies. An analysis of the experimentally reconstructed X‐ray wavefunctions reveals the salient electronic features of the Se−N bonds with very low electron density localized at the bonding region and a positive Laplacian value at the bond critical point. Bond orders and percentage covalency and ionicity estimated from the X‐ray wavefunctions, along with localized orbital locator (LOL) and electron localization function (ELF) analyses show that the Se−N bond is unique in its closed shell‐like features, despite being a covalent bond. Time‐dependent DFT calculations simulate the cleavage of Se−N bonds in ebselen in the excited state, further substantiating their nature as dynamic bonds.
‘Isn't it mad that we're all psychologists and we can't talk about our feelings?’: A mixed‐methods study exploring trainee clinical psychologists' experience of (non)disclosure of psychological distress during training
Authors: Bailey Aliya , Tickle Anna , Sabin‐Farrell Rachel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveLiterature on trainee clinical psychologists' mental health has highlighted elevated levels of mental health difficulties and/or psychological distress and low levels of disclosure within the workplace. The current study aimed to explore (1) trainee experiences of disclosure and/or concealment of psychological distress during their training, (2) beliefs, assumptions or predictions related to disclosure and (3) responses to disclosure.MethodsA mixed‐methods strategy was employed; 165 trainee or recently qualified clinical psychologists took part in an online survey. Thirteen of these were interviewed. Descriptive statistics and a reflexive thematic analysis were conducted to analyse the quantitative and qualitative data, respectively.ResultsThe sample largely consisted of those who had disclosed distress. Beliefs related to negative judgement from others and feelings of anxiety and embarrassment were commonly endorsed responses within quantitative findings. Six main themes were constructed: (1) Diagnostic or psychological conceptualisations, (2) Worries about judgement complicate disclosure decisions, (3) Disclosure likelihood is determined by relationships, (4) Emotional support versus practical responses, (5) Desired changes that could increase disclosure and (6) Legacies of disclosure experiences.ConclusionThere is a need for training programme staff to prioritise emotional support, increase permission giving and enhance disclosure guidance. Further research including disclosure recipients is required.
Incidence and predictors of heart failure with improved ejection fraction category in a HFrEF patient population
Authors: Solymossi Balázs , Muk Balázs , Sepp Róbert , Habon Tamás , Borbély Attila , Heltai Krisztina , Majoros Zsuzsanna , Járai Zoltán , Vágány Dénes , Szatmári Ákos , Sziliczei Erzsébet , Bánfi‐Bacsárdi Fanni , Nyolczas Noémi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsThe aim of the study was to assess the incidence and predictive factors of the development of heart failure with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF) category during a 1 year follow‐up period in a heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) patient population managed in a heart failure outpatient clinic.Methods and resultsThe study evaluated data from patients enrolled in the Hungarian Heart Failure Registry (HHFR). The incidence and predictive factors of the development of the HFimpEF category after 1 year follow‐up were assessed in the group of patients who had HFrEF at baseline. We evaluated the incidence and predictors of the development of HFimpEF after a 1 year follow‐up in relation to time since diagnosis of HFrEF in patients diagnosed within 3 months, between 3 months and 1 year, and beyond 1 year. The predictive factors of the development of HFimpEF were analysed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Of the 833 HFrEF patients enrolled in the HHFR, the development of HFimpEF was observed in 162 patients (19.5%) during 1 year follow‐up. In the whole patient population, independent predictors of the development of HFimpEF were female gender [odds ratio (OR): 1.73; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–2.96; P < 0.05], non‐ischaemic aetiology (OR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.15–3.30; P < 0.05), and left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter (LVEDD) <60 mm (OR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.18–3.51; P < 0.05). The 1 year incidence of HFimpEF decreased in relation to time since diagnosis of HFrEF. The incidence of HFimpEF was 27.1% in patients diagnosed within 3 months, 18.4% in patients diagnosed between 3 months and 1 year, and 12.2% in patients diagnosed beyond 1 year. Non‐ischaemic aetiology (OR: 4.76; 95% CI: 1.83–12.4; P < 0.01) and QRS width (OR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.71–0.94; P < 0.01) for patients diagnosed within 3 months, LVEDD (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.32–0.90; P < 0.05) and left atrial diameter ≤45 mm (OR: 5.44; 95% CI: 1.45–20.4; P < 0.05) for patients diagnosed between 3 months and 1 year, and LVEDD < 67 mm (OR: 2.71; 95% CI: 1.07–6.88; P < 0.05) for patients diagnosed beyond 1 year were found to be independent predictive factors.ConclusionsIn our study, in this HFrEF patient population managed in a heart failure outpatient clinic, the 1 year incidence of HFimpEF was found to be ~20%. The 1 year incidence of HFimpEF decreased in relation to time since diagnosis of HFrEF. The most important predictors of the development of HFimpEF were female sex, non‐ischaemic aetiology, narrower QRS width, and smaller diameter of the left ventricle and left atrium.
Self‐Supported Heterogeneous Dirhodium(II) Catalyst for Nitrene and Carbene Transfer Reactions
Authors: Satheesh Vanaparthi , Alahakoon Indunil , Shrestha Kendra K. , Iheme Livina C. , Marszewski Michal , Young Michael C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe bimetallic rhodium(II) paddlewheel (Rh2A4) complex is one of the most reactive classes of rhodium catalysts, well‐renowned for the most demanding carbene‐ and nitrene‐transfer reactions. In view of its importance in modern synthetic chemistry, we herein report a facile approach for preparing a self‐supported and reusable dirhodium(II) polymer‐based heterogeneous catalyst through a reductive ligation protocol. The catalyst displays good reactivity for inter‐ and intramolecular nitrene‐ and carbene‐insertions of various olefins, and can also engage in C−H insertion of hydrocarbon derivatives, all under ambient conditions. The catalyst reusability is expected to empower the use of these precious metal catalysts at industrial scales.