bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creating safer cancer care with ethnic minority patients: A qualitative analysis of the experiences of cancer service staff
Authors: Chauhan Ashfaq , Newman Bronwyn , Manias Elizabeth , Joseph Kathryn , Leone Desiree , Walpola Ramesh L. , Seale Holly , Smith Allen Ben , Harrison Reema 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionEffective consumer engagement practices can enhance patient safety. This is important for consumers from ethnic minority backgrounds who are exposed to increased risk of patient safety events. Using the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety model, this study explored staff experiences of creating opportunities for engagement with consumers from ethnic minority backgrounds to contribute to their cancer care safety.MethodA qualitative study was conducted using semistructured interviews with cancer service staff from four cancer services across two states in Australia. Purposive sampling was used to recruit healthcare staff from a diverse range of professions. Data were analysed using the Framework Analysis method.ResultsFifty‐four interviews were conducted with healthcare staff. Analysis of the qualitative interview data identified enablers and associated challenges that contributed to creating a shared understanding between consumers and staff of the information, processes, expectations and problems arising in care. Enablers and challenges are reported in relation to four themes: (1) co‐creating safety through shared understanding of care processes; (2) tools and technologies support planned communication; (3) organisational policy levers exist but lack implementation in direct care and (4) formal tasks incorporate consumer engagement more readily than informal interactions.ConclusionThe availability of infrastructure and resources to support communication with consumers from ethnic minority backgrounds was limited to specific tasks across the cancer care continuum. Strategies implemented by health services to foster effective communication during formal interactions now require expansion to support and create conditions for effective consumer engagement during informal and everyday care tasks. The use of innovative language support tools and cultural considerations are required at the service and system level to support consumer engagement in all types of care interactions.Public and Patient InvolvementThe study was embedded within a larger project that included a consumer investigator and was guided by a consumer advisory group (CAG). These consumer team members have lived experience of cancer and are from diverse ethnic backgrounds. CAG members provided feedback on the draft interview guide and participant information for this study.
PD‐L1 expression in resected lung adenocarcinoma: prevalence and prognostic significance in relation to the IASLC grading system
Authors: Hwang Soohyun , Hong Tae Hee , Kim Hong Kwan , Cho Juhee , Lee Genehee , Choi Sangjoon , Park Sehhoon , Lee Se‐Hoon , Lee Yoonseo , Jeon Yeong Jeong , Lee Junghee , Park Seong Yong , Cho Jong Ho , Choi Yong Soo , Kim Jhingook , Zo Jae Il , Shim Young Mog , Choi Yoon‐La 
Published: January 2024

AimsProgrammed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression is a predictive biomarker for adjuvant immunotherapy and has been linked to poor differentiation in lung adenocarcinoma. However, its prevalence and prognostic role in the context of the novel histologic grade has not been evaluated.MethodsWe analysed a cohort of 1233 patients with resected lung adenocarcinoma where PD‐L1 immunohistochemistry (22C3 assay) was reflexively tested. Tumour PD‐L1 expression was correlated with the new standardized International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) histologic grading system (G1, G2, and G3). Clinicopathologic features including patient outcome were analysed.ResultsPD‐L1 was positive (≥1%) in 7.0%, 23.5%, and 63.0% of G1, G2, and G3 tumours, respectively. PD‐L1 positivity was significantly associated with male sex, smoking, and less sublobar resection among patients with G2 tumours, but this association was less pronounced in those with G3 tumours. PD‐L1 was an independent risk factor for recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 3.25, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.93–5.48, P < 0.001) and death (adjusted HR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.13–6.40, P = 0.026) in the G2 group, but not in the G3 group (adjusted HR for recurrence = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.64–1.40, P = 0.778).ConclusionPD‐L1 expression differs substantially across IASLC grades and identifies aggressive tumours within the G2 subgroup. This knowledge may be used for both prognostication and designing future studies on adjuvant immunotherapy.
The assessment of bacterial diversity in CO2 treated and untreated raw milk during cold storage using high‐throughput sequencing technology
Authors: Huang Juan , Yao Qing‐bo , Feng Li‐ke , Peng Xiao‐xia , Fei Yong‐tao , Huang Yan‐yan 
Published: January 2024

SummaryCarbon dioxide (CO2) has the potential to extend the storage time of raw milk, but its industrial application in this regard has not been thoroughly explored. This study aimed to investigate the microflora of CO2‐treated and untreated raw milk from South China using Illumina sequencing. The sequencing results confirmed the presence of Delftia, Pseudomonas and Serratia as the main spoilage species in raw cow milk from South China. However, CO2 treatment was found to selectively inhibit the growth of these spoilage bacteria. Principal coordinate analysis revealed differences in the microbiota structures of samples collected from the Fuyi and Guanyuan sites. Additionally, a total of 119 and 120 bacterial species were identified in the Fuyi and Guanyuan samples, respectively. The spoilage of raw milk from the Fuyi and Guanyuan was delayed by 7 and 19 days, respectively, with the application of CO2 treatment. Conversely, the samples without CO2 treatment were found to be contaminated with Pseudomonas fluorescens and Serratia. Moreover, the CO2‐treated samples from the Fuyi and Guanyuan ranches exhibited a different composition of spoilage bacteria, with a significant increase in the number of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) compared to the control samples. This study suggests that LAB have a remarkable tolerance to CO2, which is consistent with their selection in fruit, vegetable and meat products stored in CO2‐enriched modified atmosphere packaging. The findings of this study provide a foundation for further exploration of the potential application of CO2 treatment in raw milk processing.
Small molecular sugars effect on the pasting and retrogradation of Mesona chinensis polysaccharide/starch complexes
Authors: Su Yu‐Bin , Zhang Jiawei , Huang Kaijiao , Xie Nengzhong 
Published: January 2024

SummarySmall molecular sugars have gained substantial attention as common food additives for anti‐retrogradation of starch. However, the effect of small molecular sugars on the pasting and retrogradation behaviours of starchy foods with complex components is different from that of native starch owing to the interaction between different components. In this study, the pasting and retrogradation behaviours of Mesona chinensis polysaccharide/starch complexes combined with different sugars (trehalose, glucose, sucrose and lactose) were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), texture profile analysis (TPA), rapid viscometer analysis (RVA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). SEM showed that the complex gel systems with various sugars exhibited smoother lamellar surfaces and profiles than those of the control group after refrigeration. RVA and DSC demonstrated that the addition of sugars significantly affected the pasting of the composite gel system. TPA, FT‐IR, XRD and SEM revealed that glucose, sucrose and lactose effectively inhibited the retrogradation of the composite gel system and that glucose was a candidate for inhibition of the retrogradation of the complex gel system. Additionally, the water separation of the composite gel system with sugars was lower than that of the control group after five cycles of alternating freezing and thawing, indicating that the sugars improved the freeze‐thaw stability of the composite gel system. These results provide a theoretical direction for the use of additives in the retrogradation of starchy foods containing multiple components.
Severe combined immunodeficiency diagnosis and genetic defects
Authors: Aranda Carolina Sanchez , Gouveia‐Pereira Mariana Pimentel , da Silva Celso Jose Mendanha , Rizzo Maria Candida Faria Varanda , Ishizuka Edson , de Oliveira Edgar Borges , Condino‐Neto Antonio 
Published: January 2024

SummarySevere combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a rare and life‐threatening genetic disorder that severely impairs the immune system's ability to defend the body against infections. Often referred to as the “bubble boy” disease, SCID gained widespread recognition due to the case of David Vetter, a young boy who lived in a sterile plastic bubble to protect him from germs. SCID is typically present at birth, and it results from genetic mutations that affect the development and function of immune cells, particularly T cells and B cells. These immune cells are essential for identifying and fighting off infections caused by viruses, bacteria, and fungi. In SCID patients, the immune system is virtually non‐existent, leaving them highly susceptible to recurrent, severe infections. There are several forms of SCID, with varying degrees of severity, but all share common features. Newborns with SCID often exhibit symptoms such as chronic diarrhea, thrush, skin rashes, and persistent infections that do not respond to standard treatments. Without prompt diagnosis and intervention, SCID can lead to life‐threatening complications and a high risk of mortality. There are over 20 possible affected genes. Treatment options for SCID primarily involve immune reconstitution, with the most well‐known approach being hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Alternatively, gene therapy is also available for some forms of SCID. Once treated successfully, SCID patients can lead relatively normal lives, but they may still require vigilant infection control measures and lifelong medical follow‐up to manage potential complications. In conclusion, severe combined immunodeficiency is a rare but life‐threatening genetic disorder that severely compromises the immune system's function, rendering affected individuals highly vulnerable to infections. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are fundamental. With this respect, newborn screening is progressively and dramatically improving the prognosis of SCID.
Acknowledging Identity and Intersectionality—A Transformative Framework for Design Education Futures
Authors: St John Nicola , Suhendra Fanny 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDesign education in Australia is still largely dominated by Westphalian perspectives, values, histories and ways of learning. The focus on Euro‐western aesthetics, technologies, timelines and processes marginalises other identities, cultures and places. This signals to students that they should internalise, value and master dominant narratives, knowledges and ways of designing. Responding to this legacy, this article details the development of an intersectional and transformative framework to guide pedagogy for design education futures. Drawing from intersectional, student‐centred and transformative learning theories, we argue that students can develop self‐awareness and critical evaluation skills through understanding and designing within their own histories and cultures. In applying our framework, we reflect on how we developed a communication design history curriculum that centres on previously marginalised designers and prioritises pluralistic work that comes out of diverse cosmologies, perspectives and points of view. Early results demonstrate that offering spaces for students to connect design to their own intersectional identities increases self‐reflection and belonging, while engaging students to contribute new knowledges and perspectives to design history than we have had in the past. We hope this framework contributes to design education moving towards and respecting expanded ways of thinking, seeing and teaching design.
What if Walter Gropius were a Woman: Alternative Design History Teaching Experiment
Authors: Zhang Li , Liu Yujia , Wu Youtian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs one of the most literary and transdisciplinary cultural practices, speculative design has become one of the best mediums for discussing emerging technologies, the Anthropocene and the ecological crisis. When design history is merely perceived as established knowledge about the past and fails to engage in dialogue with reality or individual interaction, it often struggles to inspire students' agency in learning and willingness to deep involvement in research. Alternative design history, however, serves as a type and method of historiography that actively constructs history and alternatively imagines the past. It aims to situate historical knowledge as the context for design problem exploration rather than an end goal of education. This approach guides educators and learners to co‐speculate on historical design knowledge. By ‘reversing’ specific elements of historical experience, such as gender mentioned in this article, and employing alternative imagination to form what‐if scenarios and pose inquiries about existing historical facts, a distinct form of ‘counterfactual history’ emerges that diverges notably from traditional design history. Throughout speculation within ‘counterfactual history’, students can distinguish between historical facts and realities, which enables students to comprehend the construction of historical knowledge, the individuality of historical narratives, and the standpoint of historical discourse. In this way, it helps students cultivate a historical interest that ‘starts from the self’, guiding them to foster resilient historical thinking and a critical awareness of reality.
Palaearctic origin and repeated dispersal over the world shaped the biogeographic history of the saprophytic genus Coprinopsis (Psathyrellaceae, Basidiomycota)
Authors: Schünemann Bárbara Letícia Botura , Reginato Marcelo , da Silveira Rosa Mara Borges 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimThe biogeographic history of most fungi is still poorly known, as well as the patterns and processes responsible for their diversification. Recent studies uncovered that most fungi have originated and present higher diversification rates in the temperate zone. The distributional pattern known for fungi is also different from many plants, animals and microbes. Using the most comprehensive phylogeny of the saprotrophic genus Coprinopsis, we aim to infer the biogeographic history and test evolutionary hypotheses in the genus.LocationWorldwide.TaxonFungi, Basidiomycota, Psathyrellaceae, Coprinopsis.MethodsWe used a four‐gene alignment with 100 species to estimate divergence times using two fossil calibrations within Agaricales. The chronograms were used to estimate diversification rates and geographic state‐dependent models were applied. We further reconstructed the ancestral range history of the genus.ResultsMolecular dating estimated that the genus has diverged ca. 41 Ma (Eocene) and was originated in the Palaearctic region. Diversification rates showed a decreasing pattern towards the present across Coprinopsis, especially after the Miocene (ca. 14 Ma). The diversification models dependent on distribution showed cosmopolitan lineages with a higher net‐diversification rates. When we compared temperate and tropical regions, we found that temperate lineages have higher net‐diversification rates. The biogeographic history of Coprinopsis estimated different routes of dispersal. The most common dispersal route was from Palaearctic to the Nearctic (15 times), followed by Palaearctic to the Neotropics (14 times).Main ConclusionsThe study is the first to estimate the diversification rates and the historical biogeography of the coprinoid genus Coprinopsis. The diversification dynamics estimates in Coprinopsis are in agreement with the ‘generalized diversification rates model’, where we found higher diversification rates in temperate regions compared with tropical regions. In general, the ancestral area and major dispersals routes recovered in the genus are similar to findings in other groups of fungi.
Assessing the impact of atrial fibrillation on symptoms and quality of life in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Rowin Ethan J. , Wadid Mark , Maron Martin S. , White Maggie , Hook Bruce G. , Harnish Paul , Silver Jonathan S. , Reynolds Matthew R. , Maron Barry J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), atrial fibrillation (AF) has historically been regarded to have a deleterious impact on clinical course, strongly associated with progressive heart failure (HF) symptoms. However, there is a paucity of information regarding the impact of AF on HCM employing validated quality of life (QoL) surveys. Therefore, we evaluated the impact of AF on QoL utilizing patient reported outcome measures (PROMs).Methods218 consecutive HCM patients with or without AF at the Lahey HCM center in 2022 completed PROMs at their most recent visit evaluating HF (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire [KCCQ]) and AF symptoms (AF Effect on QoL [AFEQT]).ResultsAmong the 218 patients, 50 (23%) had a history of AF and comprise the primary study cohort. AF was diagnosed at 55 ± 10 years of age, median of 5.5 years before PROM, with 66% of patients treated with a rhythm control strategy with antiarrhythmic drug and/or AF ablation. AFEQT indicated that 52% of patients experienced no or minimal AF‐related disability, mild to moderate in 22%, and severe in 26%. There was no substantial difference in HCM phenotype in patients with no or minimal AF disability compared to those with severe disability.HF symptoms for most HCM patients with prior AF history was consistent with no or minimal (59%) or only mild (27%) disability as measured by KCCQ overall summary scores. In addition, with multivariate analysis, AF history was associated with less HF symptoms and improved QoL (OR 0.4, p = 0.02).ConclusionIn contrast to prior perceptions, HCM patients with prior AF history were less likely to incur HF symptoms impairing QoL compared to HCM patients without AF. After treatment, prior history of AF did not substantially impact current QoL. These data provide a realistic appraisal for the impact that AF has on HCM patients and also offers a measure of reassurance for this patient subgroup.
Diagnostic accuracy of ultraviolet‐induced fluorescence dermoscopy in non‐neoplastic dermatoses (general dermatology): A multicentric retrospective comparative study
Authors: Errichetti Enzo , Pietkiewicz Paweł , Bhat Yasmeen J. , Salwowska Natalia , Szlązak Piotr , Stinco Giuseppe 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPreliminary data support the possible use of ultraviolet‐induced fluorescence (UVF) dermoscopy in general dermatology, yet no accuracy analysis has been performed so far.ObjectiveTo evaluate diagnostic accuracy of UVF dermoscopy in clinically similar non‐neoplastic conditions as compared to polarized light‐based dermoscopy.MethodsPatients with dermatoses potentially showing UV‐induced findings were considered; cases were grouped according to clinical patterns and controls were also included. Standardized evaluation of dermoscopic pictures of the target lesion along with comparative and accuracy analysis were performed for polarized and UVF dermoscopic findings.ResultsA total of 208 patients were included [31 foot intertrigo (7 due to Pseudomonas, 13 due to Corynebacterium and 11 due to dermatophytes); 57 intertrigo of major creases (18 inverse psoriasis, 13 erythrasma, 15 tinea infections and 11 candidiasis); 16 acne (papulopustular) and 13 Malassezia folliculitis; 46 papulosquamous dermatoses (14 guttate psoriasis, 11 lichen planus, 12 pityriasis rosea and 9 pityriasis lichenoide chronica); and 45 hypopigmented macular dermatoses of the trunk (9 progressive macular hypomelanosis, 9 idiopatic guttate hypomelanosis, 13 vitiligo and 14 achromic pityriasis versicolor)]. Significant (p < 0.01) UVF was seen in several conditions: green in Pseudomonas foot intertrigo; red in Corynebacterium foot intertrigo, inverse and guttate psoriasis (arranged around dermal papillae in the former), progressive macular hypomelanosis (folliculocentric distribution) and erythrasma (showing polygonal or structureless appearance); blue fluorescent concretions along hair shaft in erythrasma; light green in achromic pityriasis versicolor and tinea of major creases; and blue follicular in Malassezia folliculitis. Additionally, both acne and achromic pityriasis versicolor were also associated with interruption of uniform follicular red fluorescence. Notably, polarized and UVF dermoscopy were related to the most accurate feature in nine and eight analysed dermatoses, respectively.ConclusionsUVF dermoscopy improves recognition of non‐neoplastic dermatoses, yet it should be considered complimentary to polarized light‐based dermoscopy to increase diagnostic performance.
RETRACTED: Sustainable stakeholder participation planning on the basis of analysis of competing project interest
Authors: Sivalingam Chandhini , Ramaswamy Raju 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSustainability has become more than just an aspiration in business. It has become an integral part of business strategy and decision‐making. Organizations have realized that adhering to sustainability with its impact on multi‐facets can drive business success. Long‐term growth requires an understanding of the relationships between people and their surroundings. Engagement of stakeholders is essential for planning, designing, implementing, and ensuring the efficacy of programmes. Due to the requirement for sustainability and the engagement of a greater stakeholder range in project planning, the project plan complexity is growing. The lack of or insufficient engagement of stakeholders throughout the project life cycle, particularly in the early phases of implementation and planning, frequently has a detrimental effect on the intended project performance. Effective stakeholder engagement is essential to counterbalance the combined effects of a lack of contextual knowledge by stakeholders and a lack of support in the field. However, this integration encounters difficulties such as resource restrictions and competing stakeholder interests. To encourage stakeholder engagement with the initiatives, project resources may be allocated based on the relative importance of competing areas. This study intends to establish a Stakeholder Engagement Framework (SEF) to increase the effectiveness of stakeholder engagement in projects by systematically evaluating potential conflicts and integrating the perspectives of stakeholders and the project management team. To do this, we use fuzzy logic inputs to account for ambiguities throughout the project life cycle, as well as stakeholder theory, value‐based management, matrix‐based dependency modeling, and total quality management to provide a framework for stakeholder participation. Then we implement the suggested SEF methodology to organize stakeholder participation for a green building project. The suggested framework will promote stakeholder participation under long‐term goals for project managers by identifying potential conflicts of interest.