bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence of Arterial Doppler Waveforms to Predict Major Adverse Outcomes Among Patients Evaluated for Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: McBane Robert D. , Murphree Dennis H. , Liedl David , Lopez‐Jimenez Francisco , Attia Itzhak Zachi , Arruda‐Olson Adelaide M. , Scott Christopher G. , Prodduturi Naresh , Nowakowski Steve E. , Rooke Thom W. , Casanegra Ana I. , Wysokinski Waldemar E. , Houghton Damon E. , Bjarnason Haraldur , Wennberg Paul W. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Patients with peripheral artery disease are at increased risk for major adverse cardiac events, major adverse limb events, and all‐cause death. Developing tools capable of identifying those patients with peripheral artery disease at greatest risk for major adverse events is the first step for outcome prevention. This study aimed to determine whether computer‐assisted analysis of a resting Doppler waveform using deep neural networks can accurately identify patients with peripheral artery disease at greatest risk for adverse outcome events.

Methods and Results
Consecutive patients (April 1, 2015, to December 31, 2020) undergoing ankle–brachial index testing were included. Patients were randomly allocated to training, validation, and testing subsets (60%/20%/20%). Deep neural networks were trained on resting posterior tibial arterial Doppler waveforms to predict major adverse cardiac events, major adverse limb events, and all‐cause death at 5 years. Patients were then analyzed in groups based on the quartiles of each prediction score in the training set. Among 11 384 total patients, 10 437 patients met study inclusion criteria (mean age, 65.8±14.8 years; 40.6% women). The test subset included 2084 patients. During 5 years of follow‐up, there were 447 deaths, 585 major adverse cardiac events, and 161 MALE events. After adjusting for age, sex, and Charlson comorbidity index, deep neural network analysis of the posterior tibial artery waveform provided independent prediction of death (hazard ratio [HR], 2.44 [95% CI, 1.78–3.34]), major adverse cardiac events (HR, 1.97 [95% CI, 1.49–2.61]), and major adverse limb events (HR, 11.03 [95% CI, 5.43–22.39]) at 5 years.

Conclusions
An artificial intelligence–enabled analysis of Doppler arterial waveforms enables identification of major adverse outcomes among patients with peripheral artery disease, which may promote early adoption and adherence of risk factor modification.
Context-aware Transliteration of Romanized South Asian Languages
Authors: Kirov Christo , Johny Cibu , Katanova Anna , Gutkin Alexander , Roark Brian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
While most transliteration research is focused on single tokens such as named entities—for example, transliteration of from the Gujarati script to the Latin script “Ahmedabad” footnoteThe most populous city in the Indian state of Gujarat. the informal romanization prevalent in South Asia and elsewhere often requires transliteration of full sentences. The lack of large parallel text collections of full sentence (as opposed to single word) transliterations necessitates incorporation of contextual information into transliteration via non-parallel resources, such as via mono-script text collections. In this article, we present a number of methods for improving transliteration in context for such a use scenario. Some of these methods in fact improve performance without making use of sentential context, allowing for better quantification of the degree to which contextual information in particular is responsible for system improvements. Our final systems, which ultimately rely upon ensembles including large pretrained language models fine-tuned on simulated parallel data, yield substantial improvements over the best previously reported results for full sentence transliteration from Latin to native script on all 12 languages in the Dakshina dataset (Roark et al. 2020), with an overall 3.3% absolute (18.6% relative) mean word-error rate reduction.
Neural correlates of cognitive ability and visuo-motor speed: Validation of IDoCT on UK Biobank Data
Authors: Giunchiglia Valentina , Curtis Sharon , Smith Stephen , Allen Naomi , Hampshire Adam 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Automated online and App-based cognitive assessment tasks are becoming increasingly popular in large-scale cohorts and biobanks due to advantages in affordability, scalability, and repeatability. However, the summary scores that such tasks generate typically conflate the cognitive processes that are the intended focus of assessment with basic visuo-motor speeds, testing device latencies, and speed-accuracy tradeoffs. This lack of precision presents a fundamental limitation when studying brain-behaviour associations. Previously, we developed a novel modelling approach that leverages continuous performance recordings from large-cohort studies to achieve an iterative decomposition of cognitive tasks (IDoCT), which outputs data-driven estimates of cognitive abilities, and device and visuo-motor latencies, whilst recalibrating trial-difficulty scales. Here, we further validate the IDoCT approach with UK BioBank imaging data. First, we examine whether IDoCT can improve ability distributions and trial-difficulty scales from an adaptive picture-vocabulary task (PVT). Then, we confirm that the resultant visuo-motor and cognitive estimates associate more robustly with age and education than the original PVT scores. Finally, we conduct a multimodal brain-wide association study with free-text analysis to test whether the brain regions that predict the IDoCT estimates have the expected differential relationships with visuo-motor versus language and memory labels within the broader imaging literature. Our results support the view that the rich performance timecourses recorded during computerised cognitive assessments can be leveraged with modelling frameworks like IDoCT to provide estimates of human cognitive abilities that have superior distributions, re-test reliabilities, and brain-wide associations.
Can black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) be reared on waste streams for food and feed? – A safety perspective
Authors: Hoffmans Y. , Veldkamp T. , Meijer N.P. , Brust G.M.H. , van der Schans M.G.M. , Prins T.W. , van Rozen K. , Elissen H. , van Wikselaar P. , van der Weide R. , van der Fels-Klerx H.J. , Hoek-van den Hil E.F. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The use of insects as feed and food can be part of the solution towards a circular economy, in case the safety of insect products is assured. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL, Hermetia illucens) can be reared on different waste streams. However, before BSFL can be legally reared on these streams, the safety of BSFL for feed and food should be assessed thoroughly. This study aimed to investigate several food safety aspects of BSFL grown on waste streams. Therefore, BSFL were reared for 7 days on substrate mixtures of waste streams with similar protein and moisture content. These waste streams included fast food waste (FF), mushroom stem (MS), pig manure solids (PS), poultry meal (PM) and slaughter waste (SW). The substrates, BSFL and the frass were analysed for the presence of metals and veterinary drugs. The substrates and BSFL were also analysed for presence of DNA of ruminant, pig and chicken. Some of the metals accumulated in BSFL, although the concentrations in BSFL (as these would be manufactured as feed) were below maximum limits for feed. Only traces of some of the analysed veterinary drugs were found in the BFSL and no accumulation thereof was observed. DNA of ruminant and pig was traced back in BSFL samples, however, chicken was not. A good understanding of the presence of food safety hazards and possible variance thereof in potential substrates, such as waste streams, and their possible residues in insects is necessary for implementation of this circular way of insect feeding in the food chain.
Effects of mealworm hydrolysates on improving immune function and gut microbiota in cyclophosphamide-induced mice
Authors: Kim S.-M. , Lee Y.-S. , Jaiswal V. , Kim J.-Y. , Park E.-J. , Lee H.-J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The immune system plays a crucial role in protecting the host from infections and other diseases. Dysregulation of immune function is a risk factor for various noninfectious diseases, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Tenebrio molitor larvae, also known as mealworms, are edible insects that are a protein-rich food source. This study investigated the effects of mealworm hydrolysate (MH) on immune enhancement and gut microbiota changes in a cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression mouse model. The findings revealed that MH administration increased natural killer (NK) cell activity and cytokine levels. The MH treatment group demonstrated significantly elevated serum cytokine levels and splenic cytokine mRNA expression compared to the model group. MH also increased the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and NF-κB inhibitor alpha (IκBα). Additionally, MH treatment altered the composition of the gut microbiota, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia and Corynebacterium, which are linked to immune function. Collectively, this study shows that MH improves immune-related markers and modulates the gut microbiota, implying that it could be used as a functional food for immune enhancement.
Evaluation of Antibiotic Allergy in the Ambulatory Setting Using a Standardized Questionnaire
Authors: Yi Sarah M. , Barsanti-Sekhar Mary , Wozniak Amy W. , Santarossa Maressa , Adams Jenna , Albarillo Fritzie 
Published: January 2024

Patients are sometimes mislabeled as having an immune-mediated antibiotic allergy in their medical records. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of subjects with non-immune mediated reactions to antibiotics using a standardized questionnaire. Subjects aged 18 years and older with a documented antibiotic allergy were identified and recruited from 2 outpatient clinics in the greater Chicago area. Subjects completed a standardized questionnaire during a single visit regarding their previous adverse reaction to an antibiotic. For subjects with multiple documented antibiotic allergies, 1 questionnaire was filled out for each antibiotic allergy. Investigators subsequently evaluated the questionnaire responses to determine whether the adverse reaction was a true immune-mediated allergic reaction or an adverse drug reaction. A total of 98 subjects were recruited with completion of 159 questionnaires. Eighteen subjects (18.37%, 95% CI: 10.7%, 26.3%) had antibiotic allergy labels with no corresponding immune-mediated reaction history. There were 35 allergy labels (22.0%, 95% CI: 14.7%, 29.4%) that were unlikely to be immune-mediated. Antibiotics with the highest percentage of clinical histories that were unlikely to be immune-mediated were macrolides (8 of 11 subjects), nitrofurantoin (1 of 2 subjects), and amoxicillin/clavulanate (2 of 8 subjects). The most common antibiotic allergy labels were penicillin (43 of 159 subjects), sulfonamides (25 of 159 subjects), and fluoroquinolones (21 of 159 subjects). Identification of adverse reactions to antibiotics that are unlikely to be immune-mediated can be accomplished using a standardized questionnaire in the outpatient setting. Improved identification of low-risk antibiotic allergy labels can guide de-labeling initiatives to improve antibiotic prescribing.
Plumboperloffite, PbMn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3, a new member of the bjarebyite group from Wiperaminga Hill, South Australia, Australia
Authors: Elliott Peter , Kampf Anthony R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPlumboperloffite, PbMn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3, is a new mineral and member of the bjarebyite group from Wiperaminga Hill West Quarry, Boolcoomatta Reserve, Olary Province, South Australia, Australia. The mineral was found in a single cavity in triplite–barbosalite matrix associated with fluorapatite, phosphosiderite, natrodufrénite and fluorite. The mineral forms intergrowths of subparallel, thin tabular to bladed crystals. Individual crystals are up to 40 μm in length. Plumboperloffite is brownish orange in colour with a vitreous lustre. The mineral has brittle tenacity, an excellent cleavage on {100} and uneven fracture. The calculated density is 4.416 g/cm3. Plumboperloffite is biaxial (+), α = 1.87(1), β = 1.88(1) and γ = 1.89(1) as measured in white light. The measured 2V is 88(1)°. Dispersion is apparently strong, based on extinction colours and the orientation is Y = b. The pleochroism in shades of yellow brown is X < Z < Y. Electron microprobe analysis gave the empirical formula (based on 15 O apfu) (Pb0.92Ca0.04Ba0.01K0.01)Σ0.98(Mn2+1.84Fe2+0.13)Σ1.97(Fe3+1.97Al0.03)Σ2.00(P3.01O11.94)(OH)Σ3.06. Plumboperloffite is monoclinic, space group P21/m with a = 9.1765(18), b = 12.340(3), c = 5.0092(10) Å, β = 101.01(3)°, V = 556.8(2) Å3 and Z = 2. The crystal structure has been refined using X-ray single-crystal data to a final R1 = 0.0207 on the basis of 1417 reflections with Fo > 4σ(Fo). The mineral is isostructural with members of the bjarebyite-group minerals.
A Novel On-Site-Real-Time Method for Identifying Characteristic Parameters Using Ultrasonic Echo Groups and Neural Network
Authors: Duan Shuyong , Zhang Jialin , Ouyang Heng , Han Xu , Liu Guirong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOn-site and real-time non-destructive measurement of elastic constants for materials of a component in a in-service structure is a challenge due to structural complexities, such as ambiguous boundary, variable thickness, nonuniform material properties. This work develops for the first time a method that uses ultrasound echo groups and artificial neural network (ANN) for reliable on-site real-time identification of material parameters. The use of echo groups allows the use of lower frequencies, and hence more accommodative to structural complexity. To train the ANNs, a numerical model is established that is capable of computing the waveform of ultrasonic echo groups for any given set of material properties of a given structure. The waveform of an ultrasonic echo groups at an interest location on the surface the structure with material parameters varying in a predefined range are then computed using the numerical model. This results in a set of dataset for training the ANN model. Once the ANN is trained, the material parameters can be identified simultaneously using the actual measured echo waveform as input to the ANN. Intensive tests have been conducted both numerically and experimentally to evaluate the effectiveness and accuracy of the currently proposed method. The results show that the maximum identification error of numerical example is less than 2%, and the maximum identification error of experimental test is less than 7%. Compared with currently prevailing methods and equipment, the proposefy the density and thickness, in addition to the elastic constants. Moreover, the reliability and accuracy of inverse prediction is significantly improved. Thus, it has broad applications and enables real-time field measurements, which has not been fulfilled by any other available methods or equipment.
Dysfunction of DMT1 and miR-135b in the gut-testis axis in high-fat diet male mice
Authors: Zhang Yanru , Ding Ruike , Zhang Yulin , Qi Jia , Cao Wenbin , Deng Lijun , Zhou Lin , Ye Yun , Xue Ying , Liu Enqi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Obese patients have been found to be susceptible to iron deficiency, and malabsorption of dietary iron is the cause of obesity-related iron deficiency (ORID). Divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and ferroportin (FPN), are two transmembrane transporter proteins expressed in the duodenum that are closely associated with iron absorption. However, there have been few studies on the association between these two proteins and the increased susceptibility to iron deficiency in obese patients. Chronic inflammation is also thought to be a cause of obesity-related iron deficiency, and both conditions can have an impact on spermatogenesis and impair male reproductive function. Based on previous studies, transgenerational epigenetic inheritance through gametes was observed in obesity.

Results
Our results showed that obese mice had decreased blood iron levels (p < 0.01), lower protein and mRNA expression for duodenal DMT1 (p < 0.05), but no statistically significant variation in mRNA expression for duodenal FPN (p > 0.05); there was an increase in sperm miR-135b expression (p < 0.05). Bioinformatics revealed ninety overlapping genes and further analysis showed that they were primarily responsible for epithelial cilium movement, fatty acid beta-oxidation, protein dephosphorylation, fertilization, and glutamine transport, which are closely related to spermatogenesis, sperm development, and sperm viability in mice.

Conclusions
In obese mice, we observed downregulation of DMT1 in the duodenum and upregulation of miR-135b in the spermatozoa.
The potential of microbiota information to better predict efficiency traits in growing pigs fed a conventional and a high-fiber diet
Authors: Déru Vanille , Tiezzi Francesco , Carillier-Jacquin Céline , Blanchet Benoit , Cauquil Laurent , Zemb Olivier , Bouquet Alban , Maltecca Christian , Gilbert Hélène 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Improving pigs’ ability to digest diets with an increased dietary fiber content is a lever to improve feed efficiency and limit feed costs in pig production. The aim of this study was to determine whether information on the gut microbiota and host genetics can contribute to predict digestive efficiency (DE, i.e. digestibility coefficients of energy, organic matter, and nitrogen), feed efficiency (FE, i.e. feed conversion ratio and residual feed intake), average daily gain, and daily feed intake phenotypes. Data were available for 1082 pigs fed a conventional or high-fiber diet. Fecal samples were collected at 16 weeks, and DE was estimated using near‑infrared spectrometry. A cross-validation approach was used to predict traits within the same diet, for the opposite diet, and for a combination of both diets, by implementing three models, i.e. with only genomic (Gen), only microbiota (Micro), and both genomic and microbiota information (Micro+Gen). The predictive ability with and without sharing common sires and breeding environment was also evaluated. Prediction accuracy of the phenotypes was calculated as the correlation between model prediction and phenotype adjusted for fixed effects.

Results
Prediction accuracies of the three models were low to moderate (< 0.47) for growth and FE traits and not significantly different between models. In contrast, for DE traits, prediction accuracies of model Gen were low (< 0.30) and those of models Micro and Micro+Gen were moderate to high (> 0.52). Prediction accuracies were not affected by the stratification of diets in the reference and validation sets and were in the same order of magnitude within the same diet, for the opposite diet, and for the combination of both diets. Prediction accuracies of the three models were significantly higher when pigs in the reference and validation populations shared common sires and breeding environment than when they did not (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
The microbiota is a relevant source of information to predict DE regardless of the diet, but not to predict growth and FE traits for which prediction accuracies were similar to those obtained with genomic information only. Further analyses on larger datasets and more diverse diets should be carried out to complement and consolidate these results.
Identification and function analysis of GABA branch three gene families in the cotton related to abiotic stresses
Authors: Zheng Juyun , Zhang Zeliang , Zhang Nala , Liang Yajun , Gong Zhaolong , Wang Junhao , Ditta Allah , Sang Zhiwei , Wang Junduo , Li Xueyuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstractγ -aminobutyric acid (GABA) is closely related to the growth, development and stress resistance of plants. Combined with the previous study of GABA to promote the cotton against abiotic stresses, the characteristics and expression patterns of GABA branch gene family laid the foundation for further explaining its role in cotton stress mechanism. Members of GAD, GAB-T and SSADH (three gene families of GABA branch) were identified from the Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium barbadense, Gossypium arboreum and Gossypium raimondii genome. The GABA branch genes were 10 GAD genes, 4 GABA-T genes and 2 SSADH genes. The promoter sequences of genes mainly contains response-related elements such as light, hormone and environment.Phylogenetic analysis shows that GAD indicating that even in the same species, the homologous sequences in the family. The GABA-T gene of each cotton genus was in sum the family had gene loss in the process of dicotyledon evolution. SSADH families Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium barbadense, Gossypium arboreum and Gossypium raimondii were closely related to the dicot plants.GABA gene is involved in the regulation of salt stress and high temperature in Gossypium hirsutum.GABA attenuated part of the abiotic stress damage by increasing leaf protective enzyme activity and reducing reactive oxygen species production.This lays the foundation for a thorough analysis of the mechanism of GABA in cotton stress resistance.
Predictive value of soluble CD40L combined with APACHE II score in elderly patients with sepsis in the emergency department
Authors: Yang Long , Yang Jun , Zhang Xiangqun , Ye Xinghua , Liu Yugeng , Wei Bing , Wang Junyu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The prognostic performance of soluble CD40L (sCD40L) for illness severity in infectious diseases is rarely reported. We investigated the ability of sCD40L combined with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score to evaluate mortality in septic patients in the emergency department(ED).

Methods
We enrolled 222 septic patients in the ED of Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital from October 2020 to April 2021. Their serum sCD40L, PCT, lactate (Lac), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score were used to predict the prognosis of septic patients in terms of 28-day mortality. Serum sCD40L was detected by Human XL Cytokine Luminex. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the prognostic value of the variables.

Results
One hundred ninety-five patients met the inclusion criteria, divided into survival group (55 cases) and non-survival group (140 cases). sCD40L, PCT, Lac, SOFA and APACHE II score were found to independently predict 28-day mortality (P < 0.05). The AUC values of sCD40L, PCT, Lac, SOFA and APACHE II score were 0.662,0.727,0.704, 0.719 and 0.716, respectively. There was no difference in the diagnostic value of sCD40L compared with the PCT, Lac, SOFA score or APACHE II score (Z1 = 1.19, P = 0.234; Z2 = 0.77, P = 0.441; Z3 = 1.05, P = 0.294; Z4 = 0.97, P = 0.332). However, the combined evaluation of sCD40L + APACHE II (AUC:0.772, Z = 2.10, P = 0.036) was much better than sCD40L alone in predicting 28-day mortality.

Conclusion
The predictive value of sCD40L + APACHE II is better than sCD40L alone for 28-day mortality. sCD40L combined with APACHE II score is valuable for predicting 28-day mortality in elderly patients with sepsis.