bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A role for orbital eccentricity in Earth’s seasonal climate
Authors: Chiang John C. H. , Broccoli Anthony J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe seasonality of Earth’s climate is driven by two factors: the tilt of the Earth’s rotation axis relative to the plane of its orbit (hereafter the tilt effect), and the variation in the Earth–Sun distance due to the Earth’s elliptical orbit around the Sun (hereafter the distance effect). The seasonal insolation change between aphelion and perihelion is only ~ 7% of the annual mean and it is thus assumed that the distance effect is not relevant for the seasons. A recent modeling study by the authors and collaborators demonstrated however that the distance effect is not small for the Pacific cold tongue: it drives an annual cycle there that is dynamically distinct and ~ 1/3 of the amplitude from the known annual cycle arising from the tilt effect. The simulations also suggest that the influence of distance effect is significant and pervasive across several other regional climates, in both the tropics and extratropics. Preliminary work suggests that the distance effect works its influence through the thermal contrast between the mostly ocean hemisphere centered on the Pacific Ocean (the ‘Marine hemisphere’) and the hemisphere opposite to it centered over Africa (the ‘Continental hemisphere’), analogous to how the tilt effect drives a contrast between the northern and southern hemispheres. We argue that the distance effect should be fully considered as an annual cycle forcing in its own right in studies of Earth’s modern seasonal cycle. Separately considering the tilt and distance effects on the Earth’s seasonal cycle provides new insights into the workings of our climate system, and of direct relevance to paleoclimate where there are outstanding questions for long-term climate changes that are related to eccentricity variations.
Giant ionospheric density hole near the 2022 Hunga-Tonga volcanic eruption: multi-point satellite observations
Authors: Choi Jong-Min , Lin Charles Chien-Hung , Rajesh P. K. , Lin Jia-Ting , Chou Marty , Kwak Young-Sil , Chen Shih-Ping 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA giant ionospheric hole was simultaneously detected in the in situ measurements of FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 (F7/C2), Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON), Swarm missions, and ground-based total electron content (TEC) by global navigation satellite system receivers, and F7/C2 Global Ionosphere Specification (GIS) data near Tonga, following the explosive volcano eruption on 15 January 2022. The TEC maps displayed the huge depletions that developed near Tonga after the eruption and gradually evolved. The ICON IVM, F7/C2 IVM and Swarm-LP detected large depletions not only near Tonga, but also in the EIA trough region. The GIS observations clearly show the ionospheric hole that extends spatially near Tonga, especially strongly south/southward. The simultaneous observations showed that the ionosphere hole near Tonga combined with the EIA trough and finally evolved into a giant ionosphere hole around 07 UT. The ionospheric hole, which occurred at 05 UT near Tonga, extended over a wide area of 160°-200°E and 25°S-20°N and lasted for about 11 h. The F7/C2 and ICON satellites overpasses showed large ion density depletions by the hole at orbit altitudes, accompanied by enhancements in ion temperature and field-aligned and perpendicular ion drift. Such a long-lasting giant ionospheric hole by a seismic event has not been reported earlier, creating a unique ionospheric environment near Tonga after the eruption. The strong successive impulses by multiple volcano eruptions, together with O/N2 decrease in the summer hemisphere, interhemispheric wind, and water vapor injection into high altitudes apparently yielded such a giant ionospheric hole, 4–6 times larger than that observed during the Tohoku earthquake.
Graphical Abstract
No difference in Oxford Knee Score between medial and lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty after two years of follow‐up: a clinical trial
Authors: Migliorini Filippo , Cocconi Federico , Prinz Julia , Ursino Nicola , Mangiavini Laura , D’Ambrosi Riccardo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeIn patients with monocompartmental knee osteoarthritis, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) can be performed. This study compared the medial versus lateral UKA in patients with monocompartimental knee arthroplasty. It was hypothesised that both implants achieve a similar outcome in OKS.MethodsThe UKAs were fixed‐bearing medial PPK (Zimmer‐Biomet, Warsaw, Indiana, USA) and fixed‐bearing lateral Zuk (Lima Corporate, Udine, Italy). An intraarticular drain was placed and removed on the first postoperative day. Enoxaparin sodium 4000 units subcutaneously daily for 45 days was used as thromboembolic prophylaxis. The Italian version of the OKS was used for the clinical assessment. The following complications were also recorded: anterior knee pain, infection and revision surgeries.ResultsData from 203 patients were collected. The mean age of the patients was 68.9 ± 6.7 years and the mean BMI was 28.1 ± 4.1 kg/m2. The mean OKS on admission was 22.1 ± 4.5 points. On admission, women, patients older than 70 years, and those with a BMI lower than 28 kg/m2 who underwent lateral UKA evidenced lower OKS. At the last follow‐up, 26.7 and 26.9 months for the lateral and medial UKA, respectively, no between groups difference in OKS was evidenced. No patients experienced complications.ConclusionMedial and lateral UKA achieve similar outcomes in OKS at a minimum of two years of follow‐up.
Interobserver reliability for manual analysis of sidestream darkfield videomicroscopy clips after resizing in ImageJ
Authors: Lala Raushan C. B. , Homes Ryan A. P. , Lipman Jeffrey , Midwinter Mark J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Direct assessment of microcirculatory function remains a critical care research tool but approaches for analysis of microcirculatory videomicroscopy clips are shifting from manual to automated algorithms, with a view to clinical application in the intensive care unit. Automated analysis software associated with current sidestream darkfield videomicroscopy systems is demonstrably unreliable; therefore, semi-automated analysis of captured clips should be undertaken in older generations of software. We present a method for capture of microcirculatory clips using current version videomicroscope hardware and resizing of clips to allow compatibility with legacy analysis software. The interobserver reliability of this novel approach is examined, in addition to a comparison of this approach with the current generation of automated analysis software.

Results
Resizing microcirculatory clips did not significantly change image quality. Assessment of bias between observers for manual analysis of resized clips; and between manually analysed clips and automated software analysis was undertaken by Bland–Altman analysis. Bias was demonstrated for all parameters for manual analysis of resized clips (total vessel density = 6.8, perfused vessel density = 6.3, proportion of perfused vessels = − 8.79, microvascular flow index = − 0.08). Marked bias between manual analysis and automated analysis was also evident (total vessel density = 16.6, perfused vessel density = 16.0, proportion of perfused vessels = 1.8). The difference between manual and automated analysis was linearly related to the magnitude of the measured parameter.

Conclusions
Poor reliability of automated analysis is a significant hurdle for clinical translation of microcirculatory monitoring. The method presented here allows capture of microcirculatory clips using current hardware that are backwards compatible with older versions of manual analysis software. We conclude that this approach is appropriate for research applications in the intensive care unit, however the time delay to results limits utility for clinical translation.
Constructing Escherichia coli co-display systems for biodegradation of polyethylene terephthalate
Authors: Hu Jiayu , Chen Yijun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The accumulation of fast-growing polyethylene terephthalate (PET) wastes has posed numerous threats to the environments and human health. Enzymatic degradation of PET is a promising approach for PET waste treatment. Currently, the efficiency of various PET biodegradation systems requires further improvements.

Results
In this work, we engineered whole cell systems with co-display of strong adhesive proteins and the most active PETase for PET biodegradation in E. coli cells. Adhesive proteins of cp52k and mfp-3 and Fast-PETase were simultaneously displayed on the surfaces of E. coli cells, and the resulting cells displaying mfp-3 showed 50% increase of adhesion ability compared to those without adhesive proteins. Consequently, the degradation rate of E. coli cells co-displaying mfp-3 and Fast-PETase for amorphous PET exceeded 15% within 24 h, exhibiting fast and thorough PET degradation.

Conclusions
Through the engineering of co-display systems in E. coli cells, PET degradation efficiency was significantly increased compared to E. coli cells with sole display of Fast-PETase and free enzyme. This feasible E. coli co-display system could be served as a convenient tool for extending the treatment options for PET biodegradation.

Graphical Abstract
Multi-professional teamwork in Finnish early childhood education and care
Authors: Karila Kirsti , Kupila Päivi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article analyses the theoretical, practical, and political interpretations of multi-professional teamwork in Finnish early childhood education and care during the last two decades. A semi-systematic approach was used to provide an overview of teams, teamwork, team composition, and multi-professionalism. The data were drawn from two main sources: key Finnish policy documents that regulate or guide multi-professional teamwork and a systematic literature review of multi-professional teamwork in Finnish research studies over the past 20 years. The data were examined through the lens of thematic analysis. In the final phase of the analysis, we constructed a narrative timeline. The timeline indicates two main themes: one is an emphasis on multi-professional teamwork as a resource combined with the challenges in implementing it, the other is an emphasis on pedagogy and the clarification of professional profiles. The timeline illustrates changes in the ways multi-professional teamwork has been interpreted, guided, and studied.
Subdural evacuating port system for chronic subdural hematoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes
Authors: Shafique Muhammad Ashir , Mustafa Muhammad Saqlain , Haseeb Abdul , Arbani Naeemullah , Kumar Aashish , Perkash Subash , Raheem Abdul , Ali Syed Muhammad Sinaan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is a collection of old blood in the subdural space and has a relatively high estimated incidence, especially among the elderly and men, possibly due to falls, anticoagulant use, or age as independent factors. The subdural evacuating port system (SEPS) offers a minimally invasive solution for cSDH treatment.

Objective
The objective of our meta-analysis is to review the literature and assess the safety and efficacy of SEPS as a first-line treatment for cSDH.

Method
We conducted an exhaustive literature search to explore outcomes resulting from the implementation of SEPS as the initial treatment for cSDH. The main focus was on treatment success, comprising both symptom improvement and the absence of additional operating room interventions. Supplementary outcomes encompassed factors such as discharge arrangements, length of hospital stay (LOS), recurrence of hematoma, and any associated complications.

Result
A total of 15 studies, involving 1146 patients who underwent SEPS placement, satisfied the inclusion criteria. The combined rate of achieving a successful outcome stood at 0.79 (95% CI 0.75–0.83). The occurrence of delayed hematoma recurrence was found to be 0.155 (95% CI 0.101–0.208). Meanwhile, the aggregated inpatient mortality rate was 0.017 (95% CI 0.007–0.031). In terms of complications, the rates were 0.02 (95% CI 0.00–0.03) for any acute hemorrhage, 0.01 (95% CI 0.00–0.01) for acute hemorrhage necessitating surgery, and 0.02 (95% CI 0.01–0.03) for seizures. Notably, SEPS placement is associated with a success rate of 79% and exceptionally low incidences of acute hemorrhage and seizure.

Conclusion
SEPS is a viable first-line treatment for cSDH, supported by its minimally invasive nature, avoidance of general anesthesia, high success rate, and favorable safety profile.
Prevalence of malaria infection and factors associated among HIV-infected adult patients attending HIV care and treatment clinic at Kitete regional referral hospital in Tabora region, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nnimbo Hamad , Kamori Doreen , Lema Nsiande , Mohamed Abdallah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
HIV and malaria are serious public health concerns, particularly in Tanzania. HIV-infected individuals are more likely to get malaria and its complications. However, data on the interaction of the two diseases in Tanzania are limited. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of malaria infection and associated factors among HIV-infected adults attending HIV care and treatment clinic at Kitete regional referral hospital in Tabora region, Tanzania.

Methodology
The cross-sectional study was carried out between March and May 2022 at Kitete regional referral hospital in Tanzania. A total of 246 HIV-infected adults were selected by systematic random sampling. Malaria was diagnosed using both malaria rapid diagnostic test (mRDT) and malaria microscopy. Social demographic data were collected using a structured questionnaire, while clinical history and laboratory parameters were extracted from patients’ files. Data were analyzed using STATA version 15.1, and a p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study included consenting HIV+ adults and excluded pregnant women and recent antimalarial users.

Results
Twenty-six out of 242 participants 10.7% (95% CI 6.9–15.6%) tested positive for malaria using mRDT, while 20 out of 242 participants 8.3% (95% CI 4.9–13.1%) tested positive for malaria using blood smear for malaria microscopy. Independent factors associated with malaria infection were living in rural areas (aOR = 2.81, 95% CI = 1.06–7.45, p = 0.038), poor adherence to anti-retroviral therapy (aOR = 3.66, 95% CI = 1.04–12.7, p = 0.043), HIV viral load of ≥ 1000 copies/mL (aOR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1.00–10.5, p = 0.02, CD4 count ≤ 350 cells/µL (aOR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.10–7.30, p = 0.03), while using mosquito nets (aOR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.08–0.90, p = 0.033) and receiving health education (aOR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.09–0.71, p = 0.009) were protective factors.

Conclusions
The study reveals a concerning prevalence of malaria infection among adult HIV patients at Kitete regional referral hospital. Risk factors identified include a high HIV viral load, low CD4 count, lack of health education, rural residence, and non-use of mosquito nets. The results emphasize the necessity for focused health education, enhanced access to preventive measures, and consistent adherence to ART to reduce the risk of malaria in this vulnerable population.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of the Saudi population toward people with epilepsy: narrow or wide?
Authors: Al-Attas Alawi A. , Alshehri Omar K. , Malhan Abdulrahman G. , Alabdaly Hani M. , Alfentokh Osamah K. , Bawazir Amen A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Although epilepsy has been acknowledged as an illness since ancient time, the public attitude toward epilepsy has not changed drastically due to the lack of appropriate information. This study aims to determine the public perceptions of epilepsy in five main regions of Saudi Arabia.

Methods
In this cross-sectional questionnaire-based study, Saudi citizens living in the major cities of the five main regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (the central, eastern, western, northern, and southern regions) completed the survey that included 27 questions about epilepsy awareness.

Results
A total of 7118 individuals from five regions participated in the survey: 6749 (94.8%) of respondents were Saudi, and 369 (5.2%) were non-Saudi. Of the 7118 respondents, 6897 respondents (96.9%) did not have epilepsy, and 3378 respondents (47.5%) stated that they had never witnessed an epileptic episode. In addition, 3749 (52.7%) respondents incorrectly attributed epilepsy to non-neurologic conditions, and 4865 (68.3%) respondents had an overall negative attitude toward people with epilepsy (PWE). They expressed objections to their child associating with PWE (2002; 28.1%) or their close relatives marrying PWE (3192; 44.8%), some believed that PWE are inferior (402; 5.6%), refused to hire a PWE (1126; 15.8%), and would feel discomfort around PWE (724; 10.3%). In addition, 2025 individuals (28.4%) believed that the health of PWE deteriorates over time; 1485 individuals (20.9%) believed that PWE get sick more often than others; 181 individuals (2.5%) believed that epilepsy could be transmitted; and 568 individuals (8.0%) believed that epilepsy could progress to malignant disease.

Conclusions
In Saudi Arabia, there is a substantial need for increasing the awareness and improving education on epilepsy in order to reduce stigma and increase the understanding of epilepsy. Such efforts could help improve the lives of people afflicted with the disease and ultimately contribute to better health outcomes for the entire community.
Soybean isoflavones potentially prevent sarcopenia: a systematic review
Authors: Lee Sang-Yeob , Yoo Jun-Il 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Soybean is an important food resource that has been used for centuries in Korean cuisine. Soybean is considered a good source of protein and a nutritional powerhouse. Isoflavone, one of the components of soybean, has been investigated for its nutritional role and physiological effects. As soybean can supply sufficient proteins for muscle and soybean isoflavone might have a direct effect on muscle, soybean could be a potential nutritional treatment for muscle atrophy. However, the effect of isoflavone on muscle atrophy is controversial.

Methods
Four in vitro studies and four in vivo studies were selected from the literature to determine the potential capacity of isoflavones as preventers of sarcopenia.

Results
In vitro and in vivo studies, there have been studies that isoflavone extracted from soybean is effective in preventing muscle atrophy. Research on soybean isoflavone and muscle loss included in this study showed that soybean isoflavone may prevent myotube atrophy by blocking the expression of MuRF1 or by regulating androgen receptors. Isoflavone has been shown to increase the diameter of myoblasts and increase muscle mass.

Conclusion
The present study showed the potential of soy isoflavones as a preventer of sarcopenia by preventing muscle loss.
Flake channels construction of hydroxyapatite/gelatin cryogel with excellent flame retardant properties for enhancing the capturing of iodine
Authors: Wei Yanxia , Wang Bo , Cao Liyan , Cheng Xin , Qiao Yuhan , Duan Tao , He Guiqiang , Ding Pingping , Zhou Yan , Zhou Jian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSafe and efficient capturing of volatile radioiodine is of extremely important significance in the treatment of spent fuel. Herein, the flake channels in gelatin-hydroxyapatite (HAP@Ge) cryogel with excellent flame retardant properties were constructed by immobilizing hydroxyapatite nanorods (HAP) on Gelatin (Ge) cryogel for enhancing the capturing of iodine. The immobilization of HAP nanorods enhanced thermal stability, provided low rates of dynamic heat transfer and dissipation, and remarkably improved the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of the Ge cryogel, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of safety incidents caused by further thermal degradation or combustion of this cryogel. More importantly, it was effective in improving the rapid enrichment of iodine, resulting in a high adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption capacity of HAP@Ge cryogel for iodine vapor reached 2693 mg/g at equilibrium. The high adsorption capacity for iodine was attributed to the multi-scale porous structure in HAP@Ge cryogel, which offered effective channels for iodine diffusion, whereas the numerous complex and irregular flakes provided sufficient number of active sites for iodine capture. The adsorption process was chemical in nature and involved the -PO43−, –OH, –C=O, and –NHR groups on HAP@Ge cryogel. Moreover, the complex porous structure of HAP@Ge cryogel enhanced the physical capturing of iodine. These advantages, such as low-cost raw material, simple preparation method, good flame retardancy, and excellent capturing performance for iodine indicated that HAP@Ge cryogel is a potential candidate for the removal of radioactive iodine in the exhaust gas stream of post-treatment plants.
Graphical Abstract
Paediatric parenchymal neurocysticercosis with pleomorphic clinico-radiological presentations: a case series
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Rana Radhamohan , Kumar Mahesh , Yadav Aakash 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is thought to be the most common helminthic infection of central nervous system in India. In children, it has pleomorphic clinical and radiological presentations depending on location and stage of lesion. Solitary cystic granuloma appearing as a single ring enhancing lesion is the most frequently encountered neuroimaging finding in patients with neurocysticercosis or tuberculoma in India. This series reports unusual clinico-radiological aspects of pediatric neurocysticercosis patients of Asian ethnicity.

Case presentation
In the present case series, we have described socio-demographic and clinico-radiological profile of eight cases of neurocysticercosis with parenchymal lesions in varying stages of development. Among these two had single discrete ring enhancing lesion (SDREL), two had single conglomerated ring enhancing lesion (SCREL), and five cases reported to have multiple ring enhancing lesions (MREL). Two cases with recurrent neurocysticercosis have been reported which is quite rare. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy helps to differentiate between neurocysticercosis and tuberculoma and may avoid brain biopsies or unnecessary anti-tubercular treatment. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was done in three cases with findings of absence of lipid peak and choline/creatinine ratio less than 1.2.

Conclusion
Despite the advances in neuroimaging, accurate diagnosis of NCC is still sometimes difficult, which is related to the pleomorphic nature of disease and significant overlapping features with tuberculoma. A combination of proper diagnostic criteria and neuroimaging findings are helpful in making the diagnosis without invasive and potentially harmful investigations in paediatric patients.