bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the Impact of Flow Dynamic Allocation Mechanism on the Balanced Propagation of Multicluster Fractures in Horizontal Wells
Authors: Chen Qi , Huang Hao , Kong Xiangwei , Liu Bing , Xin Fubin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The implementation of the multicluster fracturing technique in horizontal wells is crucial to the economic development of shale gas reservoirs. The stress shadow area generated by them suppresses the effective expansion of fractures, leading to lower construction quality. Numerous well logging and production data indicate that dynamic flow allocation is also an important mechanism restricting oil and gas production. To reveal the mechanism of multifracture synchronous competitive expansion, a multifracture expansion finite element model considering fluid-solid coupling in porous media was established. A wellbore model was built to characterize the fluid pressure drop, incorporating pipe flow and fluid connection elements to emulate fluid flow within the wellbore, and the influence of various factors on the balanced expansion of fractures was investigated. The results show that high porosity, uniform perforation, and high elastic modulus of sweet spots are favorable for the balanced expansion of multiple fractures when using high-volume and low-viscosity fracturing fluids. When the spacing is small and the porosity is low with nonuniform perforation, the threshold generated by perforation friction will dominate the balanced fluid injection and expansion of each fracture. The horizontal well fracturing plan in a certain area of southwest China was optimized using this model. After optimization, when the spacing is less than 15 m, the total number of perforations is 32, and the average injection rate per cluster will be increased by 0.125 m3/min, with a coefficient of variation of 3.9% among clusters. When the perforations are nonuniformly distributed, the average injection rate per cluster will be increased by 0.101 m3/min, the fluid inflow difference coefficient of each cluster is 4.1%, and multiclusters will have a uniformly developed fracture network. This study has certain guiding significance and reference value for the balanced expansion of multifractures in horizontal wells.
Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications of the Qulihai Pluton in the Northern Margin of the Yili Block, NW China
Authors: Cao Ming , Wang Meng , Chen Youxin , Pei Xianzhi , Li Zuochen , Zhang Jinjiang , Zhang Bo , Bao Zhian , Xu Da 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Despite extensive research work that has been done, whether the northern margin of the Yili Block (YB) is still an active continental margin during the early Carboniferous period is still in debate. Herein, we conducted zircon U–Pb geochronology, geochemistry, and zircon Lu–Hf isotope studies on the Qulihai pluton in the northern margin of the YB to constrain the petrogenesis and dynamic process. The Qulihai pluton is a granitoid complex that is composed of quartz diorite, quartz monzonite, and syenogranite. The zircon U–Pb dating results revealed that the pluton was formed and emplaced between 346 and 342 Ma. The three different Qulihai pluton rock types had comparable εHf(t) values, ranging from +3 to +8. The corresponding two-stage model ages of 817–1182 Ma indicated their potential derivation from the Meso-Neoproterozoic juvenile crust. The Qulihai pluton typically features medium-to-high SiO2, K2O, and Al2O3 contents and low MgO and Fe2O3T contents. The quartz diorite and quartz monzonite samples had Mg# values of 43–47, indicating the input of mantle-derived melts in the source area. In contrast, the source region of syenogranite was purely crustal material. The Qulihai pluton is mainly characterized as strong metaluminous moderate-to-high-K cal-alkaline rocks of the I-type granite series, which are enriched in large-ion lithophile elements and depleted in high field strength elements while exhibiting active continental margin island arc magmatism. Our findings, combined with the comprehensive analysis of previous studies, suggest that the Qulihai pluton formation resulted from the subduction of the North Tianshan oceanic crust beneath the YB during the early Carboniferous period, contemporary with the tectonic regime transition from subduction advance to subduction retreat.
Topological barrier to Cas12a activation by circular DNA nanostructures facilitates autocatalysis
Authors: Li Yi , Yang Biyao , Deng Fei , Goldys Ewa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Trans-cleavage rates of Cas endonucleases such as Cas12a remain limited despite optimisation efforts. We found that Cas12a ribonucleoproteins poorly bind to, and are only minimally activated by small circular DNA nanostructures which partially match the gRNA sequence. However, activation is restored when the nanostructure is linearised. Building on this finding, we established a novel Autocatalytic CRISPR/Cas12a Amplification Reaction (AutoCAR) system which allows a single nucleic acid target to activate multiple ribonucleoproteins, and increase the achievable trans-cleavage rates per target by over 3 orders of magnitude. A rate equation-based model was built to interpret the observed nonlinear, near-exponential rate trends. The AutoCAR system was applied for genomic DNA (H. Pylori) and RNA (SARS-CoV-2) diagnostics at 1 aM level sensitivity (1.4 copies/µL and 0.36 copies/µL, respectively), comparable to the polymerase chain reaction without any additional signal amplification at room temperature. The RNA detection with Cas12a RNPs did not require reverse transcription.
Voriconazole trough concentration and clinical outcomes in patients with Talaromycosis
Authors: Zhiwen Jiang , Cong Song , Bingkun Li , Xiuying Li , Xiaoshu Yu , Siru Zhou , Tiantian Li , Qihua Huang , Nanfang Mo , Xiaojuan He , Qian Pang , Changjing Zhou , Zhijian Yao , Cao Cunwei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background: Voriconazole (VRC) has been used as an alternative regimen for the treatment of talaromycosis. This study first analyzed the correlation between the VRC trough concentration and clinical outcomes.
Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients diagnosed with talaromycosis who received VRC as induction therapy. Clinical information was collected for study analysis.
Results: This study included 76 patients diagnosed with talaromycosis from October 2019 to June 2022. The results showed that 62 patients had clinical remission, and 5 patients died of talaromycosis. The overall effective rate of VRC was 89.9%. The incidence of treatment-related adverse events (AEs) was 17.4%, mainly including neurotoxicity and hypokalemia. The range of the initial VRC trough concentration was 0.23-16.95 μg/mL, indicating a large variability. No correlation was found between the VRC trough concentration and treatment failure. The mortality rate significantly increases when the patient's APSCHE II score > 10. The trough concentration threshold for AEs of VRC is 5.4 μg/mL.
Conclusion: Voriconazole is an effective antifungal drug for the treatment of talaromycosis in patients with APACHE II scores < 10. Routine TDM may improve the management of treatment-related adverse events.
Happiness among consecrated community in India: a PERMA model study
Authors: Shaji Drishya Theres , Rema M.K. , Rodrigues Hansel Chris 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study is to study the happiness among consecrated community using PERMA model and to explore the factors influencing happiness of nuns. The sample of the study is nuns and the sample size for present study is 30 nuns between the age group 25–55. The study was conducted using a Mixed approach using both quantitative and qualitative method using sequential explanatory research design. The results have shown that the level of positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, accomplishment, overall wellbeing, negative emotions, health, loneliness and happiness among nuns are high functioning while engagement and accomplishment are normal functioning. The level of negative emotions and loneliness among working and studying nuns is also found to be higher than that among the nuns with less than 8 years and 8 and above 8 years. The negative factors affecting happiness include harm to dear ones, people's sins and sadness of others, lack of spiritual services and non-cooperation of co-workers.
Shoden Promotes Relief from Stress and Anxiety: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo- Controlled Study on Healthy Subjects with High Stress Levels
Authors: Mishra Deo Nidhi , Kumar Manoj 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
This randomized placebo-controlled study examined the effect of ashwagandha root and leaf extract 60mg (AE60) and 120 mg (AE120) (35% withanolide glycosides, Shoden) in physically healthy subjects with higher stress and anxiety. It is hypothesized that a low dose extract with higher withanolide glycosides would decrease cortisol and increase testosterone thereby reducing stress and anxiety.
Methods
This parallel arm study recruited 60 subjects with an allocation ratio of 1:1:1 (AE60:AE120: placebo) for 60 days. Subjects who fulfilled the DSM –IV Criteria for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) with a HAMA score > 20, and morning serum cortisol > 25 mcg/dl were included in the study. The participants did not have depression symptoms and were screened using Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale.. The primary outcome measure was HAMA and the secondary measures were morning serum cortisol, testosterone, perceived stress scale (PSS), clinical global impressions scale (CGI), and patient’s global impression of change scale (PGIC).
Results
After 60 days, AE60 and AE120 significantly decreased HAMA by 59% (p < 0.0001) whereas placebo had a negligible increase of 0.83%. Morning serum cortisol decreased significantly in AE60 and AE120 by 66% and 67% (p < 0.0001) respectively, whereas the placebo had only a 2.22% change. Testosterone increased significantly by 22% and 33% (p < 0.0001) in AE60 and AE120, respectively, whereas placebo had a 4% increase in males. PSS significantly decreased by 53% and 62%, CGI- severity by 72% and 68%, and PGIC by 60% respectively for AE60 and AE120.
Conclusion
AE60 and AE120 were significantly better than placebo in reducing anxiety and stress. The hypothesis that low dose extracts with 35% withanolide glycosides reduces non-depression high anxiety and stress was met. AE60 and AE120 significantly reduced morning serum cortisol and increased total testosterone. Hence low dose Shoden may be recommended for reducing high stress and anxiety.
Reducing Echo Chamber Effects: An Allostatic Regulator for Recommendation Algorithms
Authors: Henry Nathan , Pedersen Mangor , Williams Matt , Martin Jamin , Donkin Liesje 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Recommendation systems are prevalent on the Internet but are prone to feedback loops that cause ‘echo chamber’ effects. We present an allostatic regulator for recommendation systems based on opponent process theory and behavioral posology principles to combat these effects. When applied as a code wrapper to a supervised K-Nearest Neighbors algorithm for movie recommendations, our prototype algorithm can dynamically restrict the proportion of potentially harmful content recommended to users. This technique is adaptable to other domains and is scalable to more complex machine learning algorithms with minimal changes to their internal parameters. Combining allostatic regulation with insights from human-derived models on the healthy limits of digital content consumption may provide app developers with a flexible tool to help users regulate their online experiences. In turn, allostatic regulation moderates positive feedback loops, potentially reducing echo chamber effects while increasing the transparency and interpretability of machine learning models.
Analysis of Urban Growth in Kolhapur City Using Geoinformatic Techniques
Authors: Jarag Amol , Patil Prashant , Yedage Anil , Jitkar Harshal , Masal Nandkumar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This research investigates the dynamic urban expansion of Kolhapur, the largest city in South Maharashtra, from 1989 to 2019, amidst the global phenomenon of rapid urbanization. With the population in India exceeding one billion, the study employs GIS and remote sensing techniques to unveil the extent and pattern of urban sprawl over nearly three decades. Kolhapur Municipal Corporation's jurisdiction, covering 66.82 sq. km., is home to 5,49,239 people across 81 wards. The results depict significant growth and expansion, offering valuable insights for future urban planning and management. The utilization of satellite imagery and temporal data contributes to understanding the changing landscape, crucial for planning essential amenities such as water, electricity, roads, parks, schools, and health centres. This research, offering a comprehensive view of urban growth, is vital for informed decision-making and sustainable development in the evolving urban landscape of Kolhapur.
Unraveling the Impact of Abdominal Arterial Calcifications on Kidney Transplant Waitlist Mortality Through Ensemble Machine Learning
Authors: Salehinejad Hojjat , Spaulding Aaron C. , Hanouneh Tareq , Jarmi Tambi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The scarcity of organ donors relative to the number of patients with End Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) has led to prolonged waiting times for kidney transplants, contributing to elevated cardiovascular mortality risk. Transplant professionals are tasked with the complex allocation of limited organs to a vulnerable patient group facing heightened morbidity and mortality risk. The need for continuous re-evaluation of waitlisted patients is evident due to the significant number who perish while awaiting transplantation. Among individuals with ESKD, vascular calcification, particularly Abdominal Arterial Calcifications (AAC), holds predictive value for cardiovascular events and mortality. However, a standardized method to quantify AAC's prognostic potential remains lacking, especially for kidney transplant evaluations. This study presents an ensemble machine learning (ML) approach to study the relationship between AAC score and mortality in patients on the waitlist and triage patients needing transplantation. Using the AAC score, the proposed ML model can predict kidney transplant waitlist morality with an accuracy of 78% while its accuracy is 68% without using this score. This study leverages explainable ML to explore the relationship between predictors and mortality in waitlisted patients, aiming to improve patient triage accuracy.
Prognostic value of red blood cell width distribution-to-platelet ratio in patients with snakebite-associated multiple organ dysfunction syndrome：A retrospective observational study
Authors: Liang Xun , Xing Dan-Lei , Zhuang Zhi-Wei , Feng Hui , Li Shi-ji , Fang Xiao , Wang Fei , Qiu Le , Chen Xu-Lin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: Snakebite-induced organ dysfunction emerging as the primary determinant of morbidity and mortality. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic relevance of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) after snakebites.
Methods: A retrospective study included 637 patients with snakebite between 2015 and 2020 from two hospitals in Anhui province, China. Data were collected at two time points: on the 1st-day and the 5th-day after treatment. All patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of MODS. T-tests, chi-square tests, and univariate and multivariate logistical analyses were used to identify the prognostic factors for the development of MODS.
Results: 56 (8.8%) patients developed MODS following snakebite. Logistics analyses indicated that from being bitten at the hospital, the 1st-day of red blood cell distribution width-to-platelet ratio (RPR) and creatinine (CR) levels, and the 5th-day of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were significantly associated with the development of MODS. The sensitivity and the specificity of the 1st-day RPR were calculated by the received operating characteristic curve (AUC=0.720, 95%CI, 0.642-0.798). The 1st day RPR=0.110 and the 5th day RPR=0.085.
Conclusion: The 1st-day RPR ＞0.110 is prone to be a new independent predictive factor for the development of MODS after snakebite.
Circadian Rhythm Analysis Using Wearable-Based Accelerometry as a Digital Biomarker of Aging and Healthspan
Authors: Shim Jinjoo , Fleisch Elgar , Barata Filipe 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Recognizing the pivotal role of circadian rhythm in the human aging process and its scalability through wearables, we introduce CosinorAge, a novel digital biomarker of aging developed from wearable-derived circadian rhythmicity from 80,000 midlife and older adults in the UK and US. A one-year increase in CosinorAge corresponded to 8-12% higher all-cause and cause-specific mortality risks and 3-14% increased prospective incidences of age-related diseases. CosinorAge also captured a non-linear decline in resilience and physical functioning, evidenced by an 8-33% reduction in self-rated health and a 3-23% decline in health-related quality of life score, adjusting for covariates and multiple testing. The associations were robust in sensitivity analyses and external validation using an independent cohort from a disparate geographical region using a different wearable device. Moreover, we illustrated a heterogeneous impact of circadian parameters associated with biological aging, with young (<45 years) and fast agers experiencing a substantially delayed acrophase with a 25-minute difference in peak timing compared to slow agers, diminishing to a 7-minute difference in older adults (>65 years). Our findings underscore CosinorAge’s potential as a scalable, economic, and digital solution for promoting healthy longevity, elucidating the critical and multifaceted circadian rhythmicity in aging processes. Consequently, our research contributes to advancing preventive measures in digital medicine.
Preliminary impact of an mHealth education and social support intervention on maternal health knowledge and outcomes among postpartum mothers in Punjab, India
Authors: Ayadi Alison M. El , Diamond-Smith Nadia G. , Duggal Mona , Singh Pushpendra , Sharma Preetika , Kaur Jasmeet , Gopalakrishnan Lakshmi , Gill Navneet , Singh Garima , Ahuja Alka , Kumar Vijay , Weil Laura , Bagga Rashmi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background. Significant disruptions in the perinatal continuum of care occur postpartum in India, despite it being a critical time to optimize maternal health and wellbeing. Group-oriented mHealth approaches may help mitigate the impact of limited access to care and the lack of social support that characterize this period. Our team developed and pilot tested a provider-moderated group intervention to increase education, communication with providers, to refer participants to in-person care, and to connect them with a virtual social support group of other mothers with similarly aged infants through weekly calls and text chat.
Methods. We analyzed the preliminary effectiveness of the pilot intervention on maternal health knowledge through 6 months postpartum among 135 participants in Punjab, India who responded to baseline and endline surveys. We described change in knowledge of maternal danger signs, birth preparedness, postpartum care use, postpartum physical and mental health, and family planning use over time between individuals in group call (synchronous), other intervention (asynchronous), and control groups.
Results. Participant knowledge regarding danger signs was low overall regarding pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period (mean range of 1.13 to 2.05 at baseline and 0.79 to 2.10 at endline). Group call participants had a significantly higher increase over time in knowledge of danger signs than other intervention and control group participants. Birth preparedness knowledge ranged from mean 0.89-1.20 at baseline to 1.31-2.07 at baseline, with group call participants having significantly greater increases in comparison to the control group. Group call participants had nearly three-fold increased odds of postpartum health check with a clinical provider than other intervention participants (OR 2.88, 95% CI 1.07-7.74). No differences were noted in postpartum depressive and anxiety symptoms.
Conclusions. Preliminary effectiveness results are promising, yet further robust testing of the MeSSSSage intervention effectiveness is needed. Further development of strategies to support health knowledge and behaviors and overcoming barriers to postpartum care access can improve maternal health among this population.
Pedicled medial femoral condyle corticoperiosteal flap for resistant nonunion of the distal half of the femur
Authors: Salieb Nader , Moharram Ashraf Nehad , Shaheen Ayman , Ezzat Mostafa , Ebeid Walid 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Resistant nonunion of the distal half of the femur is considered a major challenge for both the patient and the treating surgeon. Resistant bone nonunion is defined as impairment of the biological potential at the fracture bony ends due to diminished vascularity and loss of osteogenic cells at the bony ends, thus nonvascularized bone grafts will have a low chance of achieving union. Resistant nonunion includes septic nonunion, atrophic nonunion with failed nonvascularized graft and nonunion of recycled bony segments. Vascularized bone grafts include vascularized fibular flap and medial femoral condyle periosteal flap and others.1Vascularized fibular flap is suitable for gap nonunion with large gaps more than 5 centimeters. In resistant nonunion with minimal gapping in the lower limb, medial femoral condyle periosteal flap is more suitable. Medial femoral condyle periosteal flap is harvested from the distal medial aspect of the femur, and can be transferred as a free flap for distal site nonunion. In the distal half of the femur, the medial femoral condyle periosteal flap can be pedicled and transferred to the nonunion site at any point in the distal half of the femur.2–5
Methods
we included three patients with resistant nonunion of the distal half of the femur. We calculated the transposition ratio for every patient by measuring the distance between the medial femoral epicondyle and the nonunion site (DMEB) and divided it by the distance between the medial femoral epicondyle and the apex of the lesser trochanter (DMELT). Patients with transposition ratio more than 0.5 were excluded from the study and other surgical options were done. Adequate rigid fixation was done in the three patients. The pedicled medial femoral condyle periosteal flap was harvested from the medial aspect of the distal femur.And was rotated to cover the nonunion site and was augmented by iliac crest graft to fill any gap. Bony union was followed up by monthly X ray and CT topography. All the three cases united (union rate 100%) with average duration of union was 6.7 months .We concluded that pedicled medial femoral condyle periosteal flap is a suitable surgical option for resistant nonunion of the distal half of the femur in addition to adequate rigid fixation.