bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obesity Does Not Alter the Pharmacokinetics of Drotrecogin Alfa (Activated) in Severe Sepsis
Authors: Levy Howard , Small David , Heiselman Darell E , Riker Richard , Steingrub Jay , Chen Ruqin , Qualy Rebecca L , Darstein Christelle , Mongan Ellen 
Published: January 2005

BACKGROUND: Drotrecogin alfa (activated) [DrotAA] is approved for the reduction of mortality in adults with severe sepsis (sepsis with acute organ dysfunction) and high risk of death. Patients whose actual body weight was >135 kg were excluded from the Phase III PROWESS trial. OBJECTIVE: To compare exposure to DrotAA in patients with severe sepsis weighing >135 kg with those weighing ⩽135 kg in an open-label, Phase IV trial, and quantify the elimination half-life (t1/2) of DrotAA in these patients. METHODS: PROWESS inclusion/exclusion criteria were used, except that patients >135 kg were enrolled. Blood samples were collected for steady-state plasma concentration (Css) analysis of activated protein C once each day and for t1/2 analysis after infusion. Weight-normalized clearance (Clp) and t1/2 estimates for DrotAA were calculated and compared between weight groups. RESULTS: Patient weight range was 59–227 kg. There were 32 patients ⩽135 kg and 20 patients >135 kg enrolled. Median Clp was 0.45 L/h/kg (interquartile range [IQR] 0.37–0.54) for patients ⩽135 kg and 0.42 L/h/kg (IQR 0.33–0.54) for patients >135 kg (p = 0.692). Median estimates of Css were 51.9 ng/mL (IQR 43.4–62.0) and 56.5 ng/mL (IQR 44.9–71.1; p = 0.570). In patients ⩽135 kg, DrotAA had a median t1/2 of 16.7 minutes (IQR 13.9–20.0) compared with 16.0 minutes (IQR 12.9–19.8) in patients >135 kg (p = 0.767), for a composite median t1/2 of 16.3 minutes (IQR 14.2–18.8). CONCLUSIONS: There is no statistically significant difference in Css concentrations or t1/2 of DrotAA between patients weighing ⩽135 kg and >135 kg. DrotAA should be dosed by actual body weight.
Suppression of Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Leads to Aging-Like Alterations in cAMP Rhythms and Activation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons
Authors: Gerhold Lynnette M. , Rosewell Katherine L. , Wise Phyllis M. 
Published: January 2005

Input from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons is critical to the occurrence of regular cyclic GnRH secretion. It is thought that an essential neuropeptide in the SCN that communicates this cyclic information to GnRH neurons is vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and that it may act through cAMP. We tested the hypothesis that (1) aging involves a blunting of cAMP diurnal rhythmicity in the SCN; (2) administration of antisense oligonucleotides (anti-oligos) against VIP, which produces an aging-like pattern in VIP, would lead to an aging-like suppression of cAMP; and (3) this in turn would lead to inhibition of the steroid-induced activation of GnRH neurons. We measured cAMP concentrations in the SCN and rostral preoptic nucleus throughout the day in young and middle-aged rats that were ovariectomized (OVX) or OVX and treated with estradiol.Our results show that cAMP concentrations exhibit a diurnal rhythm in young rats, and that this rhythm is totally abolished by the time rats are middle age. Administration of antisense oligonucleotides against VIP or random oligos suppresses VIP concentrations and abolishes the cAMP rhythm, leading to significantly reduced activation of GnRH neurons. Together, these findings strongly suggest that the SCN conveys diurnal information to GnRH neurons by driving VIP-dependent cAMP rhythms. In addition, aging involves deterioration in this VIP-driven rhythmicity, which impacts the ability of steroids to induce GnRH neuronal activation.
3.5: Novel Touch Sensitive In‐Cell AMLCD
Authors: Destura G. J. A. , Osenga J. T. M. , van der Hoef S. J. , Pearson A. D. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA touch sensitive Active Matrix Liquid Crystal Display (AMLCD) that obviates the need to have a transparent touch panel mounted on top of the LCD, in the viewer side, is realized. This is achieved through the introduction of a resistive touch‐sensitive mechanical switch into the pixel. The combined display driving and touch sensing electronics allow for a limited change in the display driving architecture.
4.1: Optical Configuration for a Horizontal‐Switching Tansflective LCD
Authors: Yoon Tae‐Hoon , Park Kyoung‐Ho , Ko Young Jo , Kim Jae Chang , Lee Gi‐Dong 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe propose optical configurations of a horizontal‐switching liquid crystal cell for a transflective display. Optimum configurations can be achieved by using a half‐wave liquid crystal cell and three retardation films. We found that measured transmission and reflection spectra in the bright state as well as in the dark state of the proposed configurations show excellent optical performance as expected by numerical calculation.
4.3: Low‐Twist Vertically‐Aligned Transflective LCD
Authors: Hong Mun Pyo , Kim Sang Il , Yang Young Chol , Chung Kyuha , Do Hee Wook , Park Sung Jin , Jhun Chul Gyu , Lee Gi‐Dong , Yoon Tae‐Hoon , Kim Jae Chang 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn this paper we propose a low‐twist vertically‐aligned transflective liquid crystal display (LCD). By optimizing the twist angle and the chiral pitch, we achieved high reflectance as well as high transmittance.
4.4: Polymer Stabilized Electrically Controlled Birefringence Transreflective Liquid Crystal Displays
Authors: Zhou Fushan , Yang Deng‐Ke 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe have developed a polymer stabilized electrically controlled birefringence (ECB) transreflective liquid crystal display (LCD). The pixels for transmissive mode are stabilized in a high birefringence state while the pixels for reflective mode are stabilized in a low birefringence state by polymer networks. The transmissive and reflective pixels have similar voltage‐light intensity dependence. The polymer stabilization technique can be easily implemented in manufacturing.
5.3: Invited Paper: Pure Aluminum Metal as an Anode for High Performance OLEDs
Authors: Son Sehwan , Yoon Seok‐Hee , Jang Jun‐Gi , Kang Min‐Soo , Jeon Sang‐Young 
Published: January 2005

AbstractOLEDs with pure aluminum anode were successfully fabricated due to the introduction of a new hole injection material. The devices show every practical performance including low driving voltage, long device lifetime and high uniformity.
5.4: A Methodology for Optimizing Viewing Characteristics of Top‐Emitting Organic Light‐Emitting Devices
Authors: Lin Chun‐Liang , Hsieh Ping‐Yuan , Chiang Huo‐Hsien , Wu Chung‐Chih 
Published: January 2005

AbstractGenerally stronger microcavity effects inherent with top‐emitting OLEDs usually complicate optimization of device efficiency and other viewing characteristics. Using the rigorous classical electromagnetic model, trends in the dependence of emission characteristics on device structures are extracted, and accordingly a general methodology for optimizing viewing characteristics of top‐emitting OLEDs for display applications is suggested.
6.1: Photostability of Polymeric Cartesian Polarizing Beam Splitters
Authors: Bruzzone Charles L. , Schneider Joseph J. , Eckhardt Stephen K. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPolymeric Cartesian Polarizing Beam Splitters provide significant cost and performance advantages for LCOS RPTV engines. This paper describes work to demonstrate photo‐stability in these components. Film resins and adhesives both affect photostability, and must be selected carefully. Care must also be taken in constructing the tests and interpreting results.
6.2: Lifetime of Single Panel LCOS Imagers
Authors: Yakovenko Sergei , Konovalov Viktor , Brennesholtz Matthew 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe lifetime of the TN45 effect used in single panel LCOS imagers has been demonstrated to be 20,000 hours at 2 Mlux illumination. This paper will document the test methods used to determine this lifetime. The variation in lifetime under different illumination conditions will also be discussed.
6.3: Three‐Dimensional Modelling of a Projection TV System by Dynamic Liquid‐Crystal Simulation and Ray Tracing
Authors: Gardner M. C. , Day S. E. , Fernandez F. A. , Sarayeddine K. , Sacré J. J. , Benoit P. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAccurate three dimensional modelling of the liquid crystal director configuration has been used to predict the performance of a liquid crystal on Silicon (LCOS) projection engine upon switching to a chequerboard and to a striped pattern. The intensity profile over this area has been used to predict the performance of the optical engine for a projector system.
6.4: Invited Paper: Fully Digital D‐ILA™ Device for Consumer Applications
Authors: Shimizu Shigeo , Ochi Yutaka , Nakano Atsushi , Bone Matthew 
Published: January 2005

AbstractJVC has developed a fully digital driving D‐ILA device, which inherits the advantages of conventional D‐ILA such as contrast ratio greater than 5000:1, high efficiency, high resolution and high reliability. The all‐digital drive offers substantial reductions in system cost and excellent picture quality has been achieved.
7.2: Measuring Color Breakup of Stationary Images in Field‐Sequential‐Color Displays
Authors: Järvenpää Toni 
Published: January 2005

AbstractColor breakup is an artifact perceivable on field‐sequential color (FSC) displays, both in stationary and in moving images. In this work a unique device for measuring color breakup on stationary images is presented. Target FSC display can be a virtual display, a direct‐view display or a projector. Turning the view of a high‐speed measurement camera in milliseconds simulates saccadic eye movement. Captured images can be used e.g. in studies of color breakup theories.
7.3: Motion Artifacts
Authors: Miseli Joe 
Published: January 2005

AbstractMotion artifacts for LCDs are an important performance quality determinant, one of the final major frontiers for LCDs. Motion issues addressed to date have often been limited to response time, a small portion of the vast scope of motion artifacts. This work defines a number of artifact categories and a method to generate and analyze them. A program, MAT, was developed to translate what the eye sees as motion artifacts to a set of controlled variables which help evoke worst case conditions, often not analyzable with conventional display test equipment. The program allows for characterizing the artifacts as the eye sees them and can produce some motion anomalies perhaps not yet considered as problems to be solved.
29.3: A Novel Patterning Method for Full‐Color Organic Light‐Emitting Devices: Laser Induced Thermal Imaging (LITI)
Authors: Lee Seong Taek , Chin Byung Doo , Kim Mu Hyun , Kang Tae Min , Song Myung Won , Lee Jae Ho , Kim Hye Dong , Chung Ho Kyoon , Wolk Martin B. , Bellmann Erika , Baetzold John P. , Lamansky Sergey , Savvateev Vadim , Hoffend Thomas R. , Staral John S. , Roberts Ralph R. , Li Yingbo 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe have developed a novel color patterning method for the fabrication of large format full‐color OLEDs. Laser Induced Thermal Imaging (LITI) is a laser addressed high resolution thermal patterning process with unique advantages such as excellent transfer film thickness uniformity, multilayer stack transfer ability, and scalability to large‐size mother glass. LITI patterning of small molecule materials produces OLEDs that are comparable in performance to conventional evaporated devices. Using the technology, we fabricated 2.2″ full color active matrix OLEDs.
30.1: Invited Paper: Resent Research and Development on 71‐in.‐Diagonal Color PDPs
Authors: Choi Kwang‐Yeol , Choi Jeong‐Pil , Chang Myeong‐Soo , Yoo Eun‐Ho , Kim Won‐Tae , Kim Jin‐Young , Park Eung‐Chul , Park Seung‐Tea , Ryu Jae‐Hwa 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWorld first 71 inch and 76 inch diagonal AC PDP with full high definition resolution (1,920 × 1,080) has been developed using high efficient barrier rib structure. Also, to improve picture quality new protecting layer and film type optical filter were developed. To fabricate large size panel over 70 inch diagonal, improved uniform exposing technology for patterning of electrodes, green sheet method for transparent dielectric and CPBB method were used. 71 inch and 76 inch AC PDP has high luminance of 800 cd/m2 and dark room contrast ratio of 1,200:1.
30.3: Discharge Characteristics of High Efficiency Rib and its Optimized Electrodes (HERO) using High Xe Gas Mixture
Authors: Kang K. D. , Kwon J. I. , Kim W. T. , Yoo H. S. , Woo S. G. , Jung E. Y. , Ahn J. C. , Kim S. J. , Heo E. G. , Yi W. J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractHigh Efficiency Rib and its Optimized electrode (HERO) is investigated on a characteristics of the electrical‐discharge with increasing Xe concentration. HERO adopts an increasing Xe concentration in discharge gas mixture, which is a recent trend for achieving high luminous efficiency in AC‐PDP. HERO is uses a relatively high Xe concentration in a 42″ VGA module. It shows 2.5 lm/W of luminous efficiency that can deliver full white brightness of 200cd/m2 with power less than 200W.
31.4: High‐Contrast CRT Phosphor Screen Using Fine Image Transfer Film
Authors: Ohno K. , Kusunoki T. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA new phosphor screen that uses thermal transfer film has been developed. The phosphor screen is combined with color filters and gives excellent image quality. The color filters are fabricated simultaneously with phosphor stripes. This new process reduces the number of processes required for making phosphor screen with color filters.
32.1: Appearance‐Consistent Projector Tolerant of Various Colored Projection Surfaces and Ambient Light
Authors: Matsuda Hideki , Wada Osamu , Kanai Masashi , Fukasawa Kenji , Kuwata Naoki , Kamakura Hiroshi 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe brighter, more portable projectors that have emerged in recent years have driven an increase in opportunities to use projectors in well‐lit rooms and to project images on objects other than special screens. However, the color and tone of color images projected under such diverse environments are subject to degradation due to the effects of ambient light and of the projection surface. Therefore, we developed WallShot™, a technology for correcting the color and tone of a projected image based on detected environmental effects by color sensor. We validated the effect of the corrections through psychophysical experiments.
34.3: Quasi‐ and Analog‐Full‐Color Displaying Methods with High Light Efficiency in Super‐High‐Resolution LCDs
Authors: Asao Yasufumi , Isobe Ryuichiro 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA new coloring method of LCD (liquid crystal display) using the hybrid structure of CF (color filter) method and the interference coloration of ECB (electrically controlled birefringence) effect is presented. One unit pixel is divided into at least two sub‐pixels, and the one sub‐pixel is equipped with a green CF and the other one a magenta CF. As for the green coloration of the highest luminosity property, a green CF is used in order to display the analogue gray scale. The interference coloration of ECB effect with a magenta CF is used for red and blue binary coloration as well as analogue gray scale of the magenta color. Monochrome gray scale can be realized by the additive color mixing of green and magenta sub‐pixels.The VA (vertical alignment) mode is adopted for suppressing the temperature dependence of the optical retardation. We can achieve much better light efficiency than that of the conventional color LCDs with both an RGB‐CF and a polarizer. This mode has the features of quasi‐full color and wide color space for red and blue color by the subtractive color mixing effect between interference coloration and magenta CF. Furthermore, the present LCD can be fabricated without changing the conventional LCD process and materials.We also present the analog‐full‐color method, which can be realized by using small additive sub‐pixels of red and blue colors.
35.1: 2.5‐in. AMOLED with Integrated 6‐Bit Gamma Compensated Digital Data Driver
Authors: Matsueda Y. , Kakkad R. , Park Y. S. , Yoon H. H. , Lee W. P. , Koo J. B. , Chung H. K. 
Published: January 2005

Abstract6‐bit gamma compensated digital data driver using LTPS TFTs was integrated in AMOLED panel. We have applied conventional register ladder D/A converter circuits with 9 points reference voltage for each color. We have obtained both good gray scale and good white balance by optimizing the reference voltage. DC/DC converter and serial to parallel converter have also been integrated by TFT. The number of pixels is 768 × 228 dots. The width of the data driver designed by 2micron rule is only 2.6mm.
35.2: Improved Optical Feedback for AMOLED Display Differential Ageing Compensation
Authors: Fish David , Deane Steve , Shannon John , Steer Andrew , Young Nigel 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA new optical feedback pixel circuit is presented that enables a high degree of differential ageing correction, has low power consumption compared to standard AMOLED pixel circuits and enables a high degree of non‐uniformity correction. The circuit operation and the technology used to construct it will be described and results presented.
35.3: Modelling of a Compensation Scheme for OLED Degradation
Authors: Antonio‐Torres David , Lister Paul F. , Newbury Paul 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA compensation scheme for OLED degradation based on a luminance‐compensating subpixel architecture and a display controller with display‐monitoring capabilities is proposed. The scheme is result of applying a system‐level design methodology to the modelling of an OLED‐display system. The compensation scheme is technology‐independent, thus supporting further technological improvements.
36.2: Multi‐Source Deposition of BaAl2S4 Blue Phosphors
Authors: Xin Yongbao , Hunt Terry , Acchione Joe 
Published: January 2005

AbstractMulti‐source deposition has been successfully implemented in an E‐beam system to achieve a high luminance BaAl2S4:Eu blue phosphor for TDEL application. Luminance greater than 700 cd/m2 with CIE coordinates of x = 0.135 and y = 0.105 was realized with high reproducibility. The luminous efficiency was over 1.0 lumens/W.
36.4: Invited Paper: Large‐screen Flat Panel Displays based on Thick‐Dielectric Electroluminescent (TDEL) Technology
Authors: Wu Xingwei , Carkner Don , Hamada Hiroki , Yoshida Isao , Kutsukake Masaki , Dantani Kyoji 
Published: January 2005

AbstractBased on its proprietary thick‐dielectric electroluminescent (TDEL) display technology, iFire, together with joint development partners Sanyo and Dai Nippon Printing (DNP), has successfully developed 17‐inch full‐color prototypes with video quality comparable to CRT displays and a luminance of 300 cd/m2. The company's development of the Color‐By‐Blue (CBB) technique has further simplified the already simple manufacturing process of TDEL displays, and also accelerated iFire's development of the world's first full‐color 34‐inch inorganic electroluminescent HDTV screen. Based on detailed cost model analysis, iFire believes that the TDEL technology can be used to achieve high performance and low cost HDTV displays, and is initially targeting the 30″ – 40″ market segment, with commercial production planned for the 2006 timeframe.
9.4: Development of a 30‐in. wide‐QXGA+ TFT‐LCD for High‐Information‐Content Displays
Authors: Choi H. C. , Hong S. G. , Lim B. H. , Lee S. W. , Yeo S. D. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA 30‐inch WQXGA+ TFT‐LCD Monitor has been developed based on in‐plane switching mode. This product adopts Cu electrode which, in spite of low resistivity, was not commercially applied to TFT LCD products because of productivity and reliability problems etc. And also we developed new LC material for fast response time without circuit re‐design like over‐driving. As a results of successful adoption of innovative materials and technologies, our world's largest TFT‐LCD Monitor has best performance for high information display.
40.3: Anchoring Energy Control and Bistable Surface Switching Based on Photo‐Alignment Technology
Authors: Osterman Jesper , Skarp Kent 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe relation between the polar anchoring energy and the UV exposure dose at the interface between a nematic liquid crystal and a photosensitive polymer alignment layer is investigated. Weak anchoring strength can be achieved and surface controlled bistable switching on the polymer is demonstrated. It is also shown that the anchoring energy is related to the anisotropy of the alignment layer.
41.2: High‐efficiency LEDs for LCD Backlights
Authors: Zwanenburg Michel J. , Dunn Tim , Stich Andreas , Schwedler Winfred , Plötz Ludwig 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn this paper, we will introduce a novel MultiLED package that is ideal for application as a light source in LCD backlighting systems. We will discuss its optical, thermal and electrical performance in a prototype for a 17″ LCD monitor and demonstrate that this package enables an optical design of reduced complexity. Finally we will discuss a light guide solution that will enable unlimited flexibility in terms of size and luminance.
41.3: Invited Paper: LED Backlighting Concepts with High Flux LEDs
Authors: Folkerts Wiep 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAn overview is presented of three concepts for LCD Backlighting based on high flux, high power LEDs. The trade‐offs for the different concepts for different applications are discussed. Several recent results are presented as well. For the concepts using Red, Green and Blue (RGB) LEDs calculations are presented that address the comparison of RGB LED Backlighting with CCFL Backlighting and quantifies the trade‐off between colour filter (CF) transmission and colour gamut for both types of light source. It is concluded that RGB LED based backlighting gives typically 30% more NTSC coverage for the same CF transmission or alternatively 32–40% higher CF transmission for the same colour gamut.For side‐emitting LEDs calculations are presented that clarify how to optimize uncoupling of the light into a light guide. For the Luxeon‐Direct concept [2] new experimental results are presented for a 23 inch backlight based on two RGB light sources. The results show the dependence of the brightness profile on the spacing between the two light sources and indicate how this design parameter can be used for optimizing the performance in an actual backlight design. For the same concept new results on color uniformity as a function of LED to LED pitch are discussed.
44.1: Challenges in Jetting OLED Fluids in the Manufacturing of FPD Using Piezoelectric Micro‐Pumps
Authors: Letendre Will 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe manufacturing of OLED FPD requires the precise deposition of fluids within the pixel structure of the display. Piezoelectric micro‐pump devices have been implemented in OLED FPD pilot manufacturing lines to perform this task. Challenges in creating a reliable FPD printing process using piezoelectric micro‐pumps are presented.
46.4: Ultra‐Thin O‐Polarizers' Superiority over E‐Polarizers for LCDs
Authors: Khan Ir Gvon , Belyaev S. V. , Malimonenko N. V. , Kleptsyn V. F. , Kukushkina M. L. , Masanova N. N. , Solovei V. V. , Vorozhtsov G. N. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractUltra thin (<1 μm) polarizers with high polarizing efficiency based on lyotropic dichroic dyes have been developed for LCD and other applications. The developed polarizers reveal rod‐like chromophore structure (O‐polarizers), same as conventional iodine polarizers in contrast to the first‐generation polarizers with disc‐like chromophores structure (E‐polarizers). Polarizing efficiency, single transmission, dichroic ratio, and color of developed O‐polarizers are close to the iodine polarizers.