bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatocellular carcinoma risk decreases as time accrues following hepatitis C virus eradication
Authors: Vutien Philip , Kim Nicole J. , Moon Andrew M. , Johnson Kay M. , Berry Kristin , Green Pamela K. , Ioannou George N. 
Published: November 2023

SummaryBackgroundIt is unclear whether the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) decreases over time following hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication.AimTo determine if patients who have accrued longer time since sustained virologic response (SVR) have a lower risk of HCC than those with less time since SVRMethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of all HCV‐infected Veterans Affairs patients who achieved SVR before 1 January 2018 and remained alive without a diagnosis of HCC as of 1 January 2019 (n = 75,965). We ascertained their baseline characteristics as of 1 January 2019 (time zero), including time accrued since SVR and followed them for the subsequent 12 months for incident HCC. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression to determine the association between time since SVR and HCC risk after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, sex, diabetes, hypertension, body mass index, alcohol use, Charlson Comorbidity Index, Fibrosis‐4 score, HCV genotype, hepatitis B virus co‐infection and HIV co‐infection.Results96.0% were male; mean age was 64.6  years. Among those with cirrhosis (n = 19,678, 25.9%), compared to patients who had accrued only ≥1 to 2 years since SVR (HCC incidence 2.71/100 person‐years), those who had accrued >2 to 4 years (2.11/100 person‐years, aHR 0.80, 95% CI 0.63–1.01) and >4 to 6 years (1.65/100 person‐years, aHR 0.61, 95% CI 0.41–0.90) had progressively lower HCC risk. However, HCC risk appeared to plateau for those with >6 years since SVR (1.68/100 person‐years, aHR 0.70, 95% CI 0.46–1.07). Among those without cirrhosis, HCC risk was 0.23–0.27/100 person‐years without a significant association between time since SVR and HCC risk.ConclusionsAmong patients with cirrhosis and cured HCV infection, HCC risk declined progressively up to 6 years post‐SVR—although it remained well above thresholds that warrant screening. This suggests that time since SVR can inform HCC surveillance strategies in patients with cured HCV infection and can be incorporated into HCC risk prediction models.
Low non‐relapse mortality and good haematological and renal responses after autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma patients with renal insufficiency at transplant: A prospective Société Francophone de Greffe de Moelle‐Thérapie Cellulaire observational study
Authors: Garderet Laurent , Ouldjeriouat Hafida , Bekadja Mohamed‐Amine , Daguenet Elisabeth , Bigot Noemie , Vincent Laure , Roos‐Weil Damien , Vignon Marguerite , Ikhlef Souhila , Abraham Julie , Escoffre‐Barbe Martine , Lioure Bruno , Nacer Redhouane Ahmed , Lafon Ingrid , Mariette Clara , Karlin Lionel , Morel Pierre , Gilis Lila , Le Ray Emanuelle , Blouet Anaïse , Nguyen Quoc Stéphanie , Boffa Jean Jacques , Ronco Pierre , Lambert Jerome , Cornillon Jérôme 
Published: November 2023

SummaryHigh‐dose melphalan followed by autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is widely used in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients as upfront therapy. However, the safety and efficacy of transplantation in patients with renal insufficiency (RI) are controversial. We followed a multicentre (16 SFGM‐TC centres) prospective cohort of 50 newly diagnosed MM patients with a serum creatinine clearance of <40 mL/min at transplantation. Patients received a recommended dose of melphalan of 140 mg/m2. The primary end‐point was the non‐relapse mortality at Day 100. One death occurred during the first 100 days post‐transplant. The median time to neutrophil engraftment was 12 days and to platelet engraftment was 13 days. The haematological response improved in 69% of patients, with best responses from partial response (PR) to very good partial response (VGPR) (10%), from PR to complete response (CR)/stringent complete response (sCR) (16%), from VGPR to CR/sCR (39%) and from CR to sCR (2%). At 2 years, the overall survival was 84%, the progression‐free survival was 70% and the cumulative incidence of relapse was 20%. The renal response improved in 59% of patients, with the best renal responses post‐transplant being minimal (9%), partial (2%) and complete (48%). Autologous transplantation was safe and effective in myeloma patients with RI at transplant.
ResNLS: An improved model for stock price forecasting
Authors: Jia Yuanzhe , Anaissi Ali , Suleiman Basem 
Published: November 2023

AbstractStock prices forecasting has always been a challenging task. Although many research projects adopt machine learning and deep learning algorithms to address the problem, few of them pay attention to the varying degrees of dependencies between stock prices. In this paper we introduce a hybrid model that improves stock price prediction by emphasizing the dependencies between adjacent stock prices. The proposed model, ResNLS, is mainly composed of two neural architectures, ResNet and LSTM. ResNet serves as a feature extractor to identify dependencies between stock prices across time windows, while LSTM analyses the initial time‐series data with the combination of dependencies which considered as residuals. In predicting the SSE Composite Index, our experiment reveals that when the closing price data for the previous five consecutive trading days is used as the input, the performance of the model (ResNLS‐5) is optimal compared to those with other inputs. Furthermore, ResNLS‐5 outperforms vanilla CNN, RNN, LSTM, and BiLSTM models in terms of prediction accuracy. It also demonstrates at least a 20% improvement over the current state‐of‐the‐art baselines. To verify whether ResNLS‐5 can help clients effectively avoid risks and earn profits in the stock market, we construct a quantitative trading framework for back testing. The experimental results show that the trading strategy based on predictions from ResNLS‐5 can successfully mitigate losses during declining stock prices and generate profits in the periods of rising stock prices.
Prediction of molecular phenotypes for novel SCN1A variants from a Turkish genetic epilepsy syndromes cohort and report of two new patients with recessive Dravet syndrome
Authors: Teralı Kerem , Türkyılmaz Ayberk , Sağer Safiye Güneş , Çebi Alper Han 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDravet syndrome and genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) are both epilepsy syndromes that can be attributed to deleterious mutations occurring in SCN1A, the gene encoding the pore‐forming α‐subunit of the NaV1.1 voltage‐gated sodium channel predominantly expressed in the central nervous system. In this research endeavor, our goal is to expand our prior cohort of Turkish patients affected by SCN1A‐positive genetic epilepsy disorders. This will be accomplished by incorporating two recently discovered and infrequent index cases who possess a novel biallelic (homozygous) SCN1A missense variant, namely E158G, associated with Dravet syndrome. Furthermore, our intention is to use computational techniques to predict the molecular phenotypes of each distinct SCN1A variant that has been detected to date within our center. The correlation between genotype and phenotype in Dravet syndrome/GEFS+ is intricate and necessitates meticulous clinical investigation as well as advanced scientific exploration. Broadened mechanistic and structural insights into NaV1.1 dysfunction offer significant promise in facilitating the development of targeted and effective therapies, which will ultimately enhance clinical outcomes in the treatment of epilepsy.
Failure assessment of hip stem due to pelvic positioning and femoral stem loosening
Authors: Framawy Atef M. , Abd‐Elhady Amr A. , Ahmad Seleem S. E. , Sallam Hossam El‐Din M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe hip joint is subjected to different loads, leading to hip stem failure from the crack nucleation to the final implant failure. The main objective of the present work is to assess hip stem damage due to pelvic positioning and femur movement. The three‐dimensional finite element analysis (3D FEA) was created to simulate the artificial hip joint subjected to static or cyclic loading. The fatigue crack growth rate in the hip stem was investigated based on the extended finite element method (XFEM) with the cycle fatigue approach. The femoral stem loosening during adduction and abduction movements, which may have occurred, was considered. The numerical results showed that the von Mises stress value increases as the loosening distance increases, which appears with the decrease of the cup positioning angle. Furthermore, the pelvic positioning does not affect the crack initiation site, while the loosening and femur movement affect the crack initiation site. On the other hand, the fatigue crack growth rate was affected by pelvic positioning, loosening, and femur movement.
Platelet indices and angiogenesis markers in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Authors: Dionisio Laura Mattana , Favero Giovani Marino 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionActivated platelets exert a key role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE). There is evidence of distinctive patterns of platelet indices in PE in comparison to healthy pregnancies, therefore these indices can be potential tools for PE detection, risk stratification, and management. Considering the vascular aspects of its pathophysiology, PE is characterized by the increased levels of soluble FMS‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 (sFlt‐1) an antiangiogenic factor, and reduced placental growth factor (PlGF), a proangiogenic factor. This study aimed to assess the platelet indices in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and its correlation with angiogenesis‐related biomarkers.MethodsThe groups for the study were: control (n = 114); gestational hypertension; (n = 112), and PE (n = 42). The platelet indices included were platelet counts (PLT‐I and PLT‐F), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), platelet large cell ratio (P‐LCR), and immature platelet fraction (IPF# and IPF%). Serum levels of sFlt‐1 and PlGF were assessed.ResultsPLT‐I, PLT‐F, and PCT% were lower in PE, while MPV, PDW, P‐LCR, IPF%, and IPF# were increased. The parameter MPV presented the best performance for the discrimination of PE. There was a moderate positive correlation between sFlt‐1 levels and MPV, PDW, and P‐LCR.ConclusionPlatelet indices can be potentially applied as additional tools for the diagnosis and management of HDP. Activated platelets may act as an extra source of sFlt‐1 in PE.
The effects of comprehensive competence‐based training on competence development and performance improvement of smallholder farmers: An Ethiopian case study
Authors: Tarekegne Chalachew , Wesselink Renate , Biemans Harm J. A. , Mulder Martin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLow yield/hectare gains, food insecurity and environmental unsustainability are challenges experienced by the agriculture sector in Ethiopia despite substantial government investment. Although there are many factors that contribute to the poor performance of the sector, smallholder farmer competence gaps are principal among them. This study aims to examine the effects of Comprehensive Competence‐Based Training (CCBT) on the competence development and performance improvement of smallholder farmers using the authentic professional core task during maize planting as a problem context. We applied a 3‐week randomized (control group pretest posttest) design and single‐blind field experiment to test the impact of CCBT through provision of a training to two comparable farmer groups using conventional ‘Low‐CBT’ and innovative ‘High‐CBT’ implementation levels. The samples included ‘High‐CBT’ (N = 220) and ‘Low‐CBT’ (N = 220) groups of smallholder farmers in the West Gojjam Zone in Ethiopia. Data on competence development and performance improvement of farmers were collected from themselves, trainer Development Agents and Trained Assessors. The yield in quintal/hectare gains for each smallholder farmer was collected twice (before and after the intervention). Repeated (pretest, posttest) MANOVA and ANOVA measurements were used to analyze the data. The results revealed that the development of smallholder farmer competence in ‘High‐CBT’ was higher than in ‘Low‐CBT’ training. Comparisons of performance in both the authentic job situation and in terms of yield in quintal/hectare gains in the two groups revealed a better performance of both groups. However, the ‘High‐CBT’ group performed better than the ‘Low‐CBT’ group in both the authentic job situation and in terms of yield in quintal/hectare gains. We obtained 31 and 41 quintal/hectares of maize for the ‘Low‐CBT’ and ‘High‐CBT’ groups, respectively, which are better than the baseline average 22 quintal/hectare for both groups. These findings underscore the relevance of CCBT, especially when the design principles of CBE are integrated well in the training programme (which was called ‘High‐CBT level’), for improving performance, in this case gain in yield per hectare of smallholder farmers, which potentially results in the increase of household food security.
ACOVMD: Automatic COVID‐19 misinformation detection in Twitter using self‐trained semi‐supervised hybrid deep learning model
Authors: Birunda S. Selva , Devi R. Kanniga , Muthukannan M. , Babu M. Mahesh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, online social networks are extensively utilized, more than ever before by 8.4%, resulting in the propagation of false information related to COVID‐19. Despite the existence of many fake news detection models; annotation inconsistency, memory consumption, accurate and self‐trained efficient algorithms for detecting the emerging COVID‐19 misinformation tweets are still challenging. Hence, the main aim of this work is to come up with a self‐trained semi‐supervised model that accurately and automatically detects the reliability of emerging COVID‐19 tweets without delay. In this work, COVID‐19 tweet dataset is created in English Language from the period January 2020 to January 2022 as a ground truth database. Then self‐trained semi‐supervised hybrid deep learning model is proposed to train both supervised and unsupervised components simultaneously using the created dataset. The proposed model is self‐trained repeatedly and the model gets updated to predict the reliability of upcoming COVID‐19 tweets that differ from training tweets. We performed experiments multiple times by limiting the percentage amount of labelled tweets shown to the model, namely 80%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20% and 10% labelled tweets, respectively. Experimental results show that the proposed model achieves 80.92% accuracy and 98.15% accuracy in the 10% and 80% label‐seen experiments, respectively. This shows a clear rising trend in the performance curve. Therefore, this technique will be useful for effectively classifying voluminous amounts of emerging tweets generated as part of the COVID‐19 infodemic. The proposed model may efficiently use a huge amount of unlabelled tweets and enhance the model's generalization performance.
Evolution of nucleation/growth kinetics for NaP zeolite crystals and the adsorption removal of phenol compound
Authors: Zhang Yanan , Deng Jitong , Zhai Changxiu , Zhang Yongjun , Han Hongjing , Zhang Mei , Wang Haiying , Tian Yuxuan , Chen Yanguang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe NaP zeolite with excellent crystallinity and adsorption performance was obtained by adopting the Na2SiO3 and NaAlO2 from coal fly ash as the raw materials. As the synthesis condition of aging for 0.5 h at 30°C and crystalizing for 8 h at 120°C with n(H2O)/n(SiO2) = 116, n(Na2O)/n(SiO2) = 1.4, and n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3) = 2.8, NaP zeolite owned higher crystallinity (98.98%) and spherical morphology (∼2.78 μm). During the crystallization, the nucleation/growth kinetics was calculated to survey the crystallization mechanism via the theoretical calculation and characterization methods. The diffusion of reactants in the solid–liquid‐phase interface was dominant, wherein the heterogeneous nucleation and solid‐phase transformation were also proposed based on the fitting results of Avarami–Erofeev and simple kinetic equations. The activation energy results of nucleation (En, 27.67 kJ/mol) and growth (Eg, 13.31 kJ/mol) demonstrated that the induced nucleation period was the critical step during the crystallization. Hence, the method of rapid nucleation was introduced and the induced nucleation time was shortened 50% (from ∼2.0 to ∼1.0 h) as the crystal seed was added. Moreover, the grain size of NaP‐Seed zeolite reduced to ∼2.02 μm. Meanwhile, the synthesized NaP zeolite adsorbent was employed for the removal of phenol compound from the aqueous solution. Under the synergistic effect of electrostatic interaction and pore filling effect, NaP zeolite exhibited better adsorption with the removal rate of 82.63% (pH = 5.0 and 40 min) and stability in the five consecutive cycles.
Induced pluripotent stem cells‐based disease modeling, drug screening, clinical trials, and reverse translational research for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Okano Hideyuki , Morimoto Satoru , Kato Chris , Nakahara Jin , Takahashi Shinichi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIt has been more than 10 years since the hopes for disease modeling and drug discovery using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology boomed. Recently, clinical trials have been conducted with drugs identified using this technology, and some promising results have been reported. For amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a devastating neurodegenerative disease, several groups have identified candidate drugs, ezogabine (retigabine), bosutinib, and ropinirole, using iPSCs‐based drug discovery, and clinical trials using these drugs have been conducted, yielding interesting results. In our previous study, an iPSCs‐based drug repurposing approach was utilized to show the potential of ropinirole hydrochloride (ROPI) in reducing ALS‐specific pathological phenotypes. Recently, a phase 1/2a trial was conducted to investigate the effects of ropinirole on ALS further. This double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled study confirmed the safety and tolerability of and provided evidence of its ability to delay disease progression and prolong the time to respiratory failure in ALS patients. Furthermore, in the reverse translational research, in vitro characterization of patient‐derived iPSCs‐motor neurons (MNs) mimicked the therapeutic effects of ROPI in vivo, suggesting the potential application of this technology to the precision medicine of ALS. Interestingly, RNA‐seq data showed that ROPI treatment suppressed the sterol regulatory element‐binding protein 2‐dependent cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Therefore, this pathway may be involved in the therapeutic effect of ROPI on ALS. The possibility that this pathway may be involved in the therapeutic effect of ALS was demonstrated. Finally, new future strategies for ALS using iPSCs technology will be discussed in this paper.
Adult sibling relationships: The impact of cohabitation, marriage, separation, and childbearing
Authors: Buyukkececi Zafer , Çineli Beyda 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study explores how life transitions, such as cohabitation, marriage, separation/divorce, and childbearing, affect three dimensions of full‐sibling relationships (contact, intimacy, and conflict).BackgroundSibling relationships shape family dynamics and context, providing enduring support and affection as the longest‐lasting relationships in an individual's life. Studying their evolution during life transitions enhances our understanding of these dynamics, considering their prolonged nature, peer status, and shared family history.MethodWe use data from the German Family Panel, specifically five waves (V, VII, IX, XI, and XIII), and fixed effects regression models that acknowledge life course transitions of both sibling dyads.ResultsThe life course perspective fails to fully capture the complex sibling bond, as contact between siblings decreased when one entered into cohabitation, but increased with marriage, separation, and parenthood. Nevertheless, the findings revealed that changes in sibling intimacy afterlife course transitions are consistent with the perspective. This dimension weakened during family formation but strengthened when unions dissolved. Conflict between siblings also decreased when starting to live with a partner, while it increased after separation, implying a spillover from romantic to sibling relationships.ConclusionOverall, these findings suggest that the theoretical framework for adult sibling life courses should consider sibling family formation events. The study highlights the significance of sibling relationships and their potential impact on shaping family context and dynamics as they are often the longest‐lasting relationships.
Pharmacogenomic testing for CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 in cyclic vomiting syndrome
Authors: Patel Milan , Partovi Omeed , Karrento Katja , Garacchi Zhuping , Balasubramanian Gokulakrishnan , Venkatesan Thangam 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAmitriptyline (AT) is recommended as first‐line prophylactic therapy in patients with cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS). However, significant side effects limit its use and dosing is based on trial and error. Though the Clinical Pharmacogenetic Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guidelines recommend dosing for AT based on CY2D6 and CYP2C19 genotype profile, this is not followed in clinical practice.MethodsThis pilot study determined CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 genotypes and ascertained its association with adverse drug reactions (ADRs), clinical response, and serum concentration of AT and nortriptyline in a well‐characterized cohort of adults with CVS.Key ResultsOf 46 subjects with CVS, age 33 ± 12 years, 61% female, 85% Caucasian, a third (33%) had normal CYP2C19 metabolizer status, while 4% were poor, and 43% were ultrarapid metabolizers. Most (61%) had normal CYP2D6 genotype while 9% were poor and 2% were ultra‐rapid metabolizers. There was no statistically significant association between genotype and ADRs, clinical response or serum drug concentration. There was a trend towards significance between genotype and clinical response, with 64% of responders having normal CYP2D6 metabolism versus 36% of nonresponders (p = 0.06). ADRs were encountered in 46% of patients with 28% discontinuing the medication as a result.Conclusions and InferencesA subset of patients with CVS have dysfunctional alleles of CYP2C19 and CYP2D6. Larger prospective studies to evaluate the clinical impact of pharmacogenomic testing in CVS are needed. This has the potential to optimize clinical management, predict ADRs and allow for personalized therapy.