bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of the aquatic environment as a basis for brackish water pond development in the Padang Pariaman regency area, Indonesia
Authors: Firdaus M , Sulistiono  , Widigdo B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The coast of Padang Pariaman Regency is one of the shrimp productions centra area in West Sumatera Province. This study aims to show water conditions in aquaculture areas for vanname shrimp pond. Carried out every month through insitu and exsitu water sampling and analysis in 6 locations from May-July 2022. Observations were made on water physical-chemistry parameters (temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen-DO, COD, ammonia, TSS and phosphate). Data were analyzed descriptively, compared with environmental quality standards for biota based on decree of Government Number 22 of 2021. Based on the analysis, it is known that the range (and standard deviation) of water quality varies, namely temperature 26.7-33.5 °C (29.79±1.93 °C), pH 7.37-8.8 (7.86±0.31), salinity 25-36 ‰ (29.83±2.94 ‰), DO 6.01-8.90 mg/l (7.70±0.99 mg/l), ammonia 0.01-3.25 mg/l (1.65±0.91 mg/l), phosphate 0.03-0.33 mg/l (0.18±0.09 mg/l), TSS 2.03-14.46 mg/l (4.49±3.32 mg/l), and COD 17.6-88.0 mg/l (54.76± 21.25 mg/l). Based on the observations, it can be concluded with the condition of the brackish pond waters is good for the development of vanname shrimp aquaculture.
Macro-microscopic evidence of pest, diseases and coexistence of microplastics in Avicennia marina leaves from Mangunharjo Village, Tugu District, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sibero M T , Pribadi R , Setyati W A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There are enormous organisms that live depending on the mangrove ecosystem due to its important ecological services. However, their sustainability is threatened by the presence of diseases and pests. This study aimed to provide macro-microscopic evidence of diseases and pest infestation in Avicennia marina in Mangunharjo village, Tugu District, Semarang City, Central Java, Indonesia. During the survey, several trees had galls and symptoms of diseases on the leaves. Interestingly, we also found unidentified objects that were suggested as microplastic on the surface and inside of the leaves.
Climate variable relate biological respond of tropical fish: A review from small scale fisheries in Sunda Strait
Authors: Yonvitner  , Yuliana E , Meichandri S , Kurnia R , Boer M , Setyobudiandi I 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The issue of climate change is currently one of the crucial issues in fisheries management to ensure potential threats and their sustainability. Various approaches have been made, one of which is by looking at the influence of the population biology parameters such as the percentage of gonad maturity, the change from the length at first maturity (Lm50), and the first length of the first capture (Lc50)and growth rate (k). The research conducted from the Sunda Strait sea collected data from 2011, 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2019. The fish species whose biological data were analyzed were turmeric, kurisi and swanggi fish. The analysis performed was the size when 50 percent reached gonad maturity (Lm50), and the size of 50 percent of the fish caught (Lc50), the percentage of fish at the gonad maturity stage (TKG3-4). Annual trend analysis and linear regression determine the relationship between year temperature parameters and Lm, Lc, and the percentage of fish to be fully cooked gonads. The analysis results showed a fluctuation of Lm50, Lc50 in both male and female kurisi, kuniran and swanggi. However, there was no significant correlation between temperature and these parameters. These results indicate that the dynamics of Lm and Lm do not follow the trend of temperature changes. It is assumed that the effect of changes in Lm, Lc is more influenced by the intensity of the catch than the temperature in Sunda Strait.
Provisioning services of seagrass ecosystem in Pari Island
Authors: Sjafrie N D M , Hernawan U E , Zulpikar F , Triyono  , Rahmawati S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Seagrass ecosystem provides many ecosystem services, including provisioning services in which people obtain direct products (e.g., food) from the ecosystem. This study examined the seagrass ecosystem provisioning service in Pari Island, Jakarta Bay. The data was collected in May 2021 using questionaries from 97 respondents (40 fishers and 57 non-fishers) living on the island. Our analysis reveals that seagrass ecosystems around Pari Island deliver food sources and income for the local communities. Many species of fishes, shellfishes, shrimps, and swimming crabs are commonly harvested by the local community. The most dominant harvested fishes are rabbitfishes (Siganus spp, 85%) and emperor fishes (Lethrinus sp, 15%), while the harvested shellfishess are “kerang bulu” (Anadara spp, 42%), “buol” (Venus sp, 32%), and “kere-kere” (Grafrarium spp, 26%). The locals use fishing gear such as nets and handlines to catch fish and use knives, machetes, and crowbars to collect shellfish. Generally, the locals harvest biota in seagrass ecosystems 1-2 times per week, with a time of about 1-2 hours. The harvested biotas serve as protein sources; only a few community members sell it for livelihood. In conclusion, the provisioning services of seagrass ecosystems is manifested as a food sources and livelihood to the local communities.
Heavy metal content in estuaries water and sediment of Banten Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Sugiarti  , Rohaningsih D , Aisyah S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The primary economic activity in the estuaries of Banten Bay is fisheries. To maintain their productivity, it is essential to ensure good water quality, which requires monitoring of heavy metal content in both water and sediment. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate heavy metal content in estuaries’ water and sediment of Banten Bay. A survey was conducted in four estuaries, namely Karangantu, Wadas, Cengkok, and Pamong. Heavy metal content in estuaries water was analyzed in April and October 2021, while heavy metal content in estuaries sediment was analyzed in October 2021. Other parameters were analyzed in the laboratory or in situ. The analysis showed that the lead (Pb) content in the estuaries’ water exceeded the standard in April but met the standard in October, while the iron (Fe) and cadmium (Cd) content in the water fulfilled the standard in both months. The Pb, Fe, and Cd content in the estuaries’ sediment also met the standard. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated that the Pb content in the water was influenced by organic carbon (C organic), while the Cd content was affected by total suspended solids (TSS), oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), salinity, and water depth. Furthermore, the Pb and Fe content in the sediment was influenced by pH, while the Cd content was affected by C organic.
Evaluation of ecotechnology performance in treating textile wastewater: constructed treatment wetlands and natural adsorbents
Authors: Susanti E , Wibowo H , Henny C , Rohaningsih D , Prihatinningtyas E , Fakhrurroja H , Febrianti D , Zulti F , Kurniawan R , Waluyo A , Lestari FS , Sudiyono BT 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The development of environmentally friendly technology for water ecosystem rehabilitation has become a challenge in solving pollution control problems in water bodies. Ecotechnology is a technology to improve water quality using an ecosystem approach, including the technology of constructed treatment wetlands and natural adsorbents. This study aims to produce an alternative ecotechnology for textile industrial waste remediation, on-site treatment of water bodies contaminated with textile waste, using a constructed treatment wetlands system and natural adsorbents. The result was conducted for 6 months using a reactor on a pilot scale with a continuous system. The result showed that CTWs’ ability effectively reduced ammonia in textile wastewater with a 20% dilution of up to > 80% and > 90% respectively using plants Vetiveria zizanioides and Heliconia psittacorum. Meanwhile, at 50% textile wastewater dilution, CTW with Heliconia psittacorum was more effective in reducing ammonia (> 80%) than CTW with Vetiveria zizanioides (> 60%). CTW with Vetiveria zizanioides and Heliconia psittacorum was able to reduce the dye content up to < 69.68% and < 54.39%, respectively. The natural adsorbent ability of bentonite has a higher ability to reduce dyes and ammonia, which is up to < 64.84% and < 91.12%. Good performance in these two eco-technology systems will result in better waste disposal by combining these two systems into one ecotechnology system.
Antimicrobial activity of extracellular compounds from endophytic fungus BAR1.5 cultivated with different media
Authors: Hardiningtyas S D , Sabiliilaika A , Tarman K , Pari R F 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEndophytic fungi are microorganisms that live inside the plants that are known to be able to produce the same bioactive compounds as their host plants. Endophytic fungus BAR1.5 was isolated fromRhizophora stylosaleaves collected from the mangrove area of Barru, South Sulawesi. The extracellular components of fungal endophytes are known to have higher antimicrobial activity than the intracellular compounds. Furthermore, the growth of endophytic fungi is strongly influenced by nutrients in the culture media, so that it may affect the production of its secondary metabolites. The aim of this study was to compare the production of extracellular compounds and its antimicrobial activity of the fungus BAR 1.5 cultured with different media (Potato Dextrose Broth, PDB and Hagem medium). The results showed that the endophytic fungus cultured on PDB media grew faster, produced more yield of extracts and showed stronger antimicrobial activity. Its extracellular compounds inhibited the growth of the tested bacteria which wereEscherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida maltosa, Bacillus subtilisandStaphylococcus aureus. The strongest antibacterial activity was againstB. subtiliswith the inhibition zone was 12.5±0.3 mm. The extracellular compounds of the endophytic fungus BAR 1.5 contained terpenoids, polyphenols, and flavonoids.
Circular applications through selection strategies (CATSS): a methodology for identifying reuse applications for end-of-life wind turbine blades
Authors: Carrete Israel A , Joustra Jelle J , Balkenende A Ruud 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Wind turbines are crucial for the energy transition, but their end-of-life treatment presents a challenge. Most wind turbine blades, made from composites, are currently sent for disposal or recycled through methods that degrade the value of the material. Structural reuse through blade segmentation was introduced as a recovery method that maintains high material value throughout subsequent life cycles. Most recovery attempts focus on thermoset composites, but thermoplastics are becoming more common. Unlike thermosets, thermoplastics can be reshaped through thermoforming processes, which offers the opportunity of adapting the geometry of a blade to new reuse applications. This paper introduces selection strategies to identify secondary applications of reshaped thermoplastic blade sections. A new methodology is proposed based on Landru’s selection strategies and the Material Driven Design method (MDD). The Circular Applications Through Selection Strategies (CATSS) methodology proposes understanding a material at different levels to identify applications. Each sectioning level of the blades yields different material characteristics, such as the reshapability, that are then put into Landru’s three selection strategies: substitution, selection by function, and inverse selection. Substitution directly supplants other materials with blades in an existing application; selection by function compares material properties and performance indices to derive the most relevant functions (i.e. “light-weight beams”); and inverse selection identifies suitable market sectors. The CATSS method is a systematic approach to exploring the reuse of blade sections across multiple life cycles, taking into consideration the changes in blade geometry introduced by each sectioning level. For example, the second use cycle might use blade segments for infrastructural applications like electrical transmission poles, while 3rd and 4th cycles reuse blade elements or blade units for urban furniture or automotive parts, respectively. Thus, by identifying multiple use cycle applications at various sectioning levels, we introduce structural reuse and reshaping as a long-lasting recovery pathway for decommissioned wind turbine blades. The selection strategies presented on the one hand can help identify new applications for thermoplastic composite products at their end-of-life, while on the other hand they indicate which aspects need to be considered in the original design, thus contributing to more circular practices in the composites industry.
Cohesive zone modelling to predict crack growth under fatigue loading
Authors: Gomez A. , Berggreen C. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This manuscript presents the partial results in the development of numerical models based on Cohesive Zone Modelling to analyse quasi-static and fatigue crack propagation in adhesive interfaces. This work applied to adhesive interface between fibre laminates and structural epoxy adhesive of a wind turbine blade 3rd shear-web connection to the trailing edge panels. Fracture characterization experiments using the Double Cantilever Beam with Unequal Bending Moments (DCB-UBM) specimen are performed, and results are used to determine different modelling parameters, such as the mixed-mode cohesive laws and fatigue damage parameters for cohesive crack propagation. The developed numerical model is compared and validated against sub-component testing on two different scale levels, using a Modified Tear Test (MTT) specimen geometry with simplified geometry and loading, and a more complex geometry sub-component specimen with a simplified Shear Web Disbond Test (SBDT). The work is carried out as part of the CORTIR-II project, funded by the Danish Ministry of Energy.
Impact of shell structure stiffness on aero-structural coupling in wind turbine rotor blades
Authors: Balzani Claudio , Gebauer Julia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Wind turbine rotor blades are heavily loaded composite structures that experience a mixture of aerodynamic, inertial, gravitational, and gyroscopic forces during their operation life. Due to the high loads, the cross-sections of the blades are subjected to in-plane and out-of-plane deformations. The out-of-plane deformations are referred to as shear warping while the in-plane deformations are also called blade breathing. Blade breathing depends on the magnitude of the mechanical loads, which are expressed by means of internal forces and moments, and the stiffness of the blade shell.
In this work, the relationships between in-plane cross-sectional deformations and internal loads are investigated. For the quantification of the deformation, a reference blade is studied via 3D finite shell element simulations for different loading scenarios. The cross-section of interest is located at the radial position of maximum chord. To compare the shape of the cross-sections in the undeformed and the deformed configurations, a procedure is proposed to relate the positions of nodes associated with the cross-section of interest in both configurations to a joint coordinate system. The shape of the deformed cross-section is then extracted and compared with the undeformed configuration. The comparison is executed for the individual internal forces and moments, namely flapwise and edgewise bending moments, normal force, shear forces, and torsion moment, respectively. The deformation patterns are discussed and it is addressed how these may influence the aerodynamic behavior of the cross-section under consideration.
Mass determination and model prediction of retired blades from wind turbine repowering or dismantling using a GIS database
Authors: Silverman A G , Henao Y , Bank L C , Gentry T R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Existing estimations of waste from wind energy infrastructure that is headed for, flowing through, or having reached the terminus of various post-processing pathways have primarily relied on reported capacity to extrapolate the material weight of turbine components. This data can be used to project future streams of composite blade material coming from wind farm repowering and decommissioning and inform policies to optimize or improve certain blade End of Life (EoL) options. However, rated capacity alone is insufficient to quantify or characterize the dynamics of US wind fleet retirement, since turbines are often repowered with new blades but their capacity remains the same. This research demonstrates an alternative method, comparing various mass estimation techniques and identifying blade models that have been retired or are soon to enter waste pathways due to turbine repowering by spatiotemporal comparison of periodic versions of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Wind Turbine Database (USWTDB). These analyses are used to compile a list of turbine and blade models that will be at the forefront of national repowering and decommissioning movements in the near future. Mass of future waste flows are totalled and can help inform protocols and frameworks for blade material EoL processes.
Numerical modeling of fiber orientation in additively manufactured composites
Authors: Šeta Berin , Sandberg Michael , Brander Marco , Mollah Tusher , Pokkalla Deepak Kumar , Kumar Vipin , Spangenberg Jon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Additive manufacturing has undergone a significant transformation, evolving from a mere prototyping technique to a reliable and proven manufacturing technology that can produce products of varying sizes and materials. The incorporation of fibers in additive manufacturing processes has the potential to improve a range of material properties, including mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. However, this improvement is largely dependent on the orientation of the fibers within the material, with the properties being enhanced primarily in the direction of fiber orientation. As a result, accurately predicting and controlling the fiber orientation during the extrusion or deposition process is critical. Various methods are available to control fiber orientation, such as manipulating the nozzle shape, extrusion and nozzle speed, the gap between the nozzle and substrate, as well as fiber features like aspect ratio and volume fraction. At the same time, the presence and orientation of fibers can significantly impact the flow pattern and extrusion pressure conditions, ultimately affecting the formation of printed strands in a manner distinct from those without fibers. For that reason, our study utilizes computational fluid dynamics to anticipate and comprehend the printing conditions that would result in favorable fiber orientations and strand shapes, incl. corner printing. Our findings may be utilized to determine optimal toolpaths for 3D printing composites, as well as printing conditions that will facilitate the achievement of the desired fiber orientation within individual strands.
Detection of Al, Mg, Ca, and Zn in copper slag by LIBS combined with calibration curve and PLSR methods
Authors: JIA 贾 Junwei 军伟 , LIU 刘 Zhifeng 志峰 , PAN 潘 Congyuan 从元 , XUE 薛 Huaqin 骅骎 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The precise measurement of Al, Mg, Ca, and Zn composition in copper slag is crucial for effective process control of copper pyrometallurgy. In this study, a remote laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) system was utilized for the spectral analysis of copper slag samples at a distance of 2.5 m. The composition of copper slag was then analyzed using both the calibration curve (CC) method and the partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis method based on the characteristic spectral intensity ratio. The performance of the two analysis methods was gauged through the determination coefficient (R
2), average relative error (ARE), root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC), and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP). The results demonstrate that the PLSR method significantly improved both R
2 for the calibration and test sets while reducing ARE, RMSEC, and RMSEP by 50% compared to the CC method. The results suggest that the combination of LIBS and PLSR is a viable approach for effectively detecting the elemental concentration in copper slag and holds potential for online detection of the elemental composition of high-temperature molten copper slag.
Practical Considerations for Sandwich Variance Estimation in 2-Stage Regression Settings
Authors: Boe Lillian A , Lumley Thomas , Shaw Pamela A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we present a practical approach for computing the sandwich variance estimator in 2-stage regression model settings. As a motivating example for 2-stage regression, we consider regression calibration, a popular approach for addressing covariate measurement error. The sandwich variance approach has rarely been applied in regression calibration, despite its requiring less computation time than popular resampling approaches for variance estimation, specifically the bootstrap. This is probably because it requires specialized statistical coding. Here we first outline the steps needed to compute the sandwich variance estimator. We then develop a convenient method of computation in R for sandwich variance estimation, which leverages standard regression model outputs and existing R functions and can be applied in the case of a simple random sample or complex survey design. We use a simulation study to compare the sandwich estimator to a resampling variance approach for both settings. Finally, we further compare these 2 variance estimation approaches in data examples from the Women’s Health Initiative (1993–2005) and the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (2008–2011). In our simulations, the sandwich variance estimator typically had good numerical performance, but simple Wald bootstrap confidence intervals were unstable or overcovered in certain settings, particularly when there was high correlation between covariates or large measurement error.