bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local and regional diversity of frog communities along an extensive rainforest elevation gradient in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Dahl Chris , Richards Stephen J. , Basien Ismale , Mungkaje Augustine J. , Novotny Vojtech 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRainforests on high tropical mountains are globally important species diversity hotspots. We studied amphibians along an extensive rainforest elevation gradient on Mt. Wilhelm (4509 m) in Papua New Guinea. We established eight sites at 500 m elevation increments between 200 and 3700 m a.s.l. and relate their community composition to the known species pool of New Guinea island. We recorded 3390 frogs from 55 species, which is three times more species than at any local community along the elevation gradient. Species diversity peaked at 1700 m a.s.l. for Mt. Wilhelm communities, and at 500–1100 m a.s.l. in the broader New Guinea fauna, probably reflecting increasing speciation and decreasing dispersal rates with increasing elevation. The beta diversity between frog communities was high and increased with increasing elevation. The change in frog community composition across 500 m elevation corresponded to the change over 200 km distance within lowland forests. A majority of frog species were distributed over narrow <500 m elevational ranges, at Mt Wilhelm and the New Guinea fauna more broadly. We did not detect Rapoport's pattern of wider elevation range for species at higher elevations than for lowland species, for Mt. Wilhelm communities or the New Guinea fauna. The high beta diversity patterns along elevation gradients generated by rapid species turnover with narrow elevation ranges make frog communities vulnerable to change in environment, including climate change.Abstract in Melanesian Pidgin is available with online material.
A novel homozygous variant in PMVK is associated with enhanced IL1β secretion and a hyper‐IgD syndrome‐like phenotype
Authors: Jairaman Amit , Badiger Vaishnavi Ashok , Raj Spoorthy , Nair Karthik Vijay , Balan Suma , Narayanan Dhanya Lakshmi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe evolutionarily conserved mevalonate pathway plays an important role in the synthesis of cholesterol and isoprenoid compounds. Mevalonate kinase (MVK) and phosphomevalonate kinase (PMVK) enzymes regulate key rate‐limiting steps in this pathway by sequentially phosphorylating mevalonic acid to yield downstream metabolites that regulate protein prenylation and cell signaling. Biallelic pathogenic variants in MVK cause a spectrum of rare autoinflammatory disorders that encompass milder forms of hyper‐IgD syndrome (HIDS) at one end and the more severe mevalonic aciduria on the other. In contrast, pathogenic variants reported in PMVK are heterozygous and associated with porokeratosis, a skin disorder with no systemic manifestations. Recently, biallelic variants in PMVK were reported as a cause for an autoinflammatory disorder for the first time in two unrelated patients. In this study, we describe a child with recurrent arthritis and a HIDS‐like phenotype harboring a novel homozygous variant c.398 C>T (p.Ala133Val) in PMVK. Mononuclear cells isolated from the patient showed significantly elevated production of interleukin 1β, a key cytokine that shapes the inflammatory response in HIDS. Protein modeling studies suggested potential defects in PMVK enzyme activity. These results posit a further expanding of the genotypic spectrum of autoinflammatory disease to include biallelic PMVK variants.
Osseodensification versus lateral window technique for sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implant placement: A randomized clinical trial on patient‐reported outcome measures
Authors: Gaspar João , Botelho João , Proença Luís , Machado Vanessa , Chambrone Leandro , Neiva Rodrigo , Mendes José João 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo compare patient‐reported outcome measures and additional surgical outcomes after sinus floor elevation (SFE) with osseodensification (OD) versus lateral window (LW), both with simultaneous implant placement.Materials and MethodsTwenty participants requiring single‐implant rehabilitation with residual bone height (RBH) ≤4 mm were enrolled. Pain experience, quality of life (QoL) via the Oral Health Impact Profile‐14 (OHIP‐14), analgesics intake, and other symptoms were self‐reported for a week on a daily basis. Surgery duration, complications, and implant stability quotient at baseline (ISQ T0) and after 6 months (ISQ T6) were registered. Participants were followed up for 1 year.ResultsFrom Day 0 (day of surgery) to Day 3, pain experience was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the OD group. OHIP‐14 score was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the OD group on all postoperative days, except on Day 5. Average analgesics intake was significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the OD group. Surgery mean duration was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in LW compared to OD (71.1 ± 10.4 vs. 32.9 ± 5.3 min). After osseointegration period, all implants were successfully restored with screw‐retained crowns.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that OD and LW techniques were similarly effective in SFE with simultaneous implant placement when RBH ≤ 4 mm. However, OD significantly outperformed LW in pain experience, impact on self‐perceived QoL, surgery duration, postoperative edema, and analgesics intake.
Pushcarts and Fountains: Masculinity, Agency and Labour Culture among Water Workers of N'Djamena, Chad
Authors: Maazaz Ismaël 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTWaters fountain managers and private porters are essential workers operating in N'Djamena, the capital of Chad. Striving to supply water to areas and households that do not have connections to Chad's official provider, the Société Tchadienne des Eaux, water workers are subjected to a regulatory framework which complicates already precarious situations. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork around water spots in peripheral and working‐class neighbourhoods of N'Djamena, this article argues that precariousness and constraints associated with water labour produce a specific form of masculine working culture. This culture combines manifestations of solidarity with a flexible set of unspoken rules and norms. Designed as a response to precarity, harsh constraints and uncertainties, this culture has managed to prevail despite high turnover among workers. It identifies water workers as a distinct socio‐economic group. By turning the spotlight on this original, gendered infrastructure of water labour as shaped by workers’ solidarity, interaction with customers and struggles against authorities, this article contributes to ongoing academic debates on agency, labour and natural resource management in urban settings.
Factors associated with maternal hyperglycaemia and neonatal hypoglycaemia after antenatal betamethasone administration in women with diabetes in pregnancy
Authors: Rowe Christopher W. , Rosee Patrick , Sathiakumar Angeline , Ramesh Soundarya , Qiao Vivian , Huynh Jason , Dennien Georgia , Weaver Natasha , Wynne Katie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsBespoke glycaemic control strategies following antenatal corticosteroids for women with diabetes in pregnancy (DIP) may mitigate hyperglycaemia. This study aims to identify predictive factors for the glycaemic response to betamethasone in a large cohort of women with DIP.MethodsEvaluation of a prospective cohort study of 347 consecutive DIP pregnancies receiving two doses of 11.4 mg betamethasone 24 h apart between 2017 and 2021 and treated with the Pregnancy‐IVI intravenous insulin protocol. Regression modelling identified factors associated with maternal glycaemic time‐in‐range (TIR) and maternal insulin requirements following betamethasone. Factors associated with neonatal hypoglycaemia (glucose <2.6 mmol/L) in infants born within 48 h of betamethasone administration (n = 144) were investigated.ResultsThe mean maternal age was 31.9 ± 5.8 years, with gestational age at betamethasone of 33.5 ± 3.4 weeks. Gestational diabetes was present in 81% (12% type 1; 7% type 2). Pre‐admission subcutaneous insulin was prescribed for 63%. On‐infusion maternal glucose TIR (4.0–7.8 mmol/L) was 83% [IQR 77%–90%] and mean on‐IVI glucose was 6.6 ± 0.5 mmol/L. Maternal hypoglycaemia (<3.8 mmol/L) was uncommon (0.47 h/100 on‐IVI woman hours). Maternal glucose TIR was negatively associated with indicators of insulin resistance (type 2 diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome), late‐pregnancy complications (pre‐eclampsia, chorioamnionitis) and the 1‐h OGTT result. Intravenous insulin requirements were associated with type of diabetes, pre‐eclampsia and intrauterine infection, the 1‐h OGTT result and the timing of betamethasone administration. Neonatal hypoglycaemia was associated with pre‐existing diabetes but not with measures of glycaemic control.ConclusionAn intravenous infusion protocol effectively controls maternal glucose after betamethasone. A risk‐factor‐based approach may allow individualisation of therapy.
A single coiled‐coil domain mutation in hIKCa channel subunits disrupts preferential formation of heteromeric hSK1:hIKCa channels
Authors: Charlick James N. , Bozadzhieva Daniella , Butler Andrew S. , Wilkinson Kevin A. , Marrion Neil V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe expression of IKCa (SK4) channel subunits overlaps with that of SK channel subunits, and it has been proposed that the two related subunits prefer to co‐assemble to form heteromeric hSK1:hIKCa channels. This implicates hSK1:hIKCa heteromers in physiological roles that might have been attributed to activation of SK channels. We have used a mutation approach to confirm formation of heterometric hSK1:hIKCa channels. Introduction of residues within hSK1 that were predicted to impart sensitivity to the hIKCa current blocker TRAM‐34 changed the pharmacology of functional heteromers. Heteromeric channels formed between wildtype hIKCa and mutant hSK1 subunits displayed a significantly higher sensitivity and maximum block to addition of TRAM‐34 than heteromers formed between wildtype subunits. Heteromer formation was disrupted by a single point mutation within one COOH‐terminal coiled‐coil domain of the hIKCa channel subunit. This mutation only disrupted the formation of hSK1:hIKCa heteromeric channels, without affecting the formation of homomeric hIKCa channels. Finally, the Ca2+ gating sensitivity of heteromeric hSK1:hIKCa channels was found to be significantly lower than the Ca2+ gating sensitivity of homomeric hIKCa channels. These data confirmed the preferred formation of heteromeric channels that results from COOH‐terminal interactions between subunits. The distinct sensitivity of the heteromer to activation by Ca2+ suggests that heteromeric channels fulfil a distinct function within those neurons that express both subunits.
Thiamine deficiency‐related neuropathy: A reversible entity from an endemic area
Authors: Nisar Sobia , Yousuf wani Irfan , Altaf Umair , Muzaffer Umar , Kareem Ozaifa , Tanvir Masood , Ganie Mohd. Ashraf 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeDespite thiamine deficiency being a lesser‐known entity in modern times, beriberi in various forms, including thiamine deficiency‐related neuropathy, remains endemic in Kashmir due to the consumption of polished rice as a staple food. This observational study investigates cases of peripheral neuropathy of unknown etiology and their potential responsiveness to thiamine administration.MethodsThis prospective study enrolled adult patients presenting to the emergency department with weakness consistent with thiamine deficiency‐related neuropathy and conducted a therapeutic challenge with thiamine on 41 patients. Response to thiamine therapy was monitored based on subjective and objective improvements in weakness and power. Patients were divided into thiamine responders (n = 25) and nonresponders (n = 16) based on their response to thiamine therapy and nerve conduction studies.ResultsMost of the baseline characteristics were similar between responders and nonresponders, except the responders exhibited lower thiamine levels and higher partial pressure of oxygen and lactate levels compared to nonresponders. All patients had a history of consuming polished rice and traditional salt tea. Although weakness in the lower limbs was present in both groups, nonresponders were more likely to exhibit weakness in all four limbs. Clinical improvement was observed within 24 h, but proximal muscle weakness persisted for an extended period of time.ConclusionsThiamine deficiency‐related neuropathy presents with predominant lower limb weakness, exacerbated by vomiting, poor food intake, psychiatric illness, and pregnancy. Thiamine challenge should be followed by observation of clinical and biochemical response.
CD271 promotes proliferation and migration in bladder cancer
Authors: Myoen Shingo , Mochizuki Mai , Shibuya‐Takahashi Rie , Fujimori Haruna , Shindo Norihisa , Yamaguchi Kazunori , Yasuda Jun , Abe Jiro , Imai Takayuki , Sato Ikuro , Adachi Hisanobu , Kawamura Sadafumi , Ito Akihiro , Tamai Keiichi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBladder cancer is a urothelial cancer and effective therapeutic strategies for its advanced stages are limited. Here, we report that CD271, a neurotrophin receptor, promotes the proliferation and migration of bladder cancer cells. CD271 knockdown decreased proliferation in both adherent and spheroid cultures, and vice versa when CD271 was overexpressed in bladder cancer cell lines. CD271 depletion impaired tumorigenicity in vivo. Migration activity was reduced by CD271 knockdown and TAT‐Pep5, a known CD271‐Rho GDI‐binding inhibitor. Apoptosis was induced by CD271 knockdown. Comprehensive gene expression analysis revealed alterations in E2F‐ and Myc‐related pathways upon CD271 expression. In clinical cases, patients with high CD271 expression showed significantly shortened overall survival. In surgically resected specimens, pERK, a known player in proliferation signaling, colocalizes with CD271. These data indicate that CD271 is involved in bladder cancer malignancy by promoting cell proliferation and migration, resulting in poor prognosis.
World‐class universities cut off from the West: Russian higher education and the reversal of the internationalisation norm?
Authors: Crowley‐Vigneau Anne , Kalyuzhnova Yelena , Baykov Andrey 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Western‐style internationalisation of Russian universities, which guided the evolution of the country's higher education sector for over three decades, has been challenged by Western sanctions following the 2022 Russian ‘Special military operation in Ukraine’. The authors show through the prism of constructivist theory how the norm on the internationalisation of higher education characterised by the strive for Westernised world‐class universities was adopted and then came to unravel in Russia. A qualitative case study based on 42 expert interviews and an analysis of political discourse and legal documents reveals how the key features of the internationalisation of Russian universities are being challenged. The authors contribute to the expert literature the notion of ‘norm reversal’, defined as the process whereby an institutionalised and internalised international norm is ‘cancelled’ in a specific country. The paper shows that the reversal in Russian higher education, which was initially ‘circumstantial’ is becoming ‘intentional’, with legal documents being drawn up to accelerate and claim ownership of it.
Exit strategy or springboard for career development? The case of university executives' remuneration
Authors: Civera Alice , Lehmann Erik E. , Meoli Michele , Otto Jonah M. , Paleari Stefano 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe steady increase of chief executives' compensation in both public and private universities has long been at the centre of public debate and has received a lot of criticism in the UK. As higher education is considered as an industry, a pay for performance relationship is expected. This paper differs by demonstrating that UK Vice Chancellors consider incentives other than remuneration in their career progression. By constructing a comprehensive dataset of UK Vice Chancellors covering academic years 2012/2013 to 2016/2017, we demonstrate that UK university chief executives, especially if young, are willing to accept lower salaries when they interpret their role as a springboard for visible high‐profile positions in the public arena.
Analysis of Turkish cuisine flavors network
Authors: Ozhan Beyza , Tugrul Bulent 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThe variety of ingredients used in regional cuisine depends on cultural characteristics and the agricultural products available in a region. Native and in‐season foods are frequently used in local cooking. Products like fruits and vegetables may be obtained from nearby farms. The cultural backgrounds of the local population might also have an impact on the cuisine. A balanced combination of four different tastes (bitter, sweet, salty and sour) increases the appeal of a dish. In this study, a flavour network of Turkish cuisine is built and analysed by examining the relationships between recipes, ingredients and components (including vitamins and minerals like iron and calcium). We created a data set containing recipes and ingredients from five different regional cuisines of Turkiye that span a wide range of geographical and climatic areas. Several analyses have been conducted on Turkish cuisine at both the regional and country levels. This data set also contains component information that can be used to perform various analyses, such as calorie information and allergen identification. The results revealed that Turkish cuisine favours cattle meat from animal products, lemon from fruits, yogurt from dairy products, butter from oils and wheat flour from cereal products.
The Role of Women in the Church in Botswana
Authors: Nkomazana Fidelis , Setume Doreen Senzokuhle 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article explores the role and contribution of women in the church with a specific focus on Reverend Boiketlo T. Ngwako of the Revelation Blessed Peace Church in Botswana (RBPC). The paper examines the contribution and experiences of Reverend Ngwako in a male‐dominated church in Botswana. Data was collected through personal observations and by attending church services, listening to the testimonies, preaching, singing, and prayers of members of the RBPC as led by Reverend Ngwako. Reverend Ngwako, the key participant, was interviewed to understand her role and contribution in the life of the church and to collect data on her views on a wide range of issues, such as politics. Content analysis of the data allowed the mapping of different themes of Ngwako's development as a minister of religion in the context of a male‐dominated Christian leadership and cultural environment. The results suggest that the cultural environment and the biblical doctrines of the church have an impact on the development and ministry of a pastor. The study concludes that biblical doctrine is interpreted and understood in the light of Tswana cultural contexts, which continue to have an impact on her ministry, gender relations, and leadership style.
Clinical and histological wound healing patterns of collagen‐based substitutes: An experimental randomized controlled trial in standardized palatal defects in humans
Authors: Bienz Stefan P. , Gadzo Naida , Zuercher Anina N. , Wiedemeier Daniel , Jung Ronald E. , Thoma Daniel S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate the progression of wound healing of standardized palatal defects in groups using three different collagen‐based wound dressings and a control group, in terms of wound closure, pain perception and descriptive histology.Materials and MethodsTwenty participants were enrolled in this experimental study, in whom four palatal defects were created. The defects (6 mm diameter, 3 mm depth) were randomly assigned to one of four treatment modalities: C (control), MG (Mucograft®), MD (mucoderm®) and FG (Fibro‐Gide®). Photographs were taken, and pain assessment was performed before and after treatment and at 5, 7, 9, 12, 14 and 16 days after surgery. All participants wore a palatal splint for a duration of 16 days.ResultsAll groups achieved complete wound closure at 14 days. The percentage of the remaining open wound on day 7 amounted to 49.3% (C; interquartile range [IQR]: 22.6), 70.1% (FG; IQR: 20.7), 56.8% (MD; IQR: 26.3) and 62.2% (MG; IQR: 34.4). Statistically significant differences were found between FG and C (p =.01) and between MD and FG (p =.04). None of the participants rated pain higher than 4 out of 10 during the entire study period.ConclusionsCollagen‐based wound dressings provide coverage of open defects, albeit without acceleration of wound closure or reduction of pain. FG (which is not intended for open oral wounds) showed slower wound closure compared to C and MD.
Time after time: failure to identify and support females with ADHD – a Swedish population register study
Authors: Skoglund Charlotte , Sundström Poromaa Inger , Leksell Daniel , Ekholm Selling Katarina , Cars Thomas , Giacobini Maibritt , Young Susan , Kopp Kallner Helena 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with risk taking and negative health‐related outcomes across the lifespan. Due to delay in referral and diagnostics, young females with ADHD may not be identified, nor appropriately supported by adequate interventions.MethodsA total of 85,330 individuals with ADHD, all of whom were residents in Stockholm County between January 01, 2011, and December 31, 2021, were included as participants in this population‐based, cross‐sectional cohort study. Population controls (n = 426,626) were matched by age, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES). Data was obtained from Regional Healthcare Data Warehouse of Region Stockholm (VAL) in Stockholm County. Exposure was ADHD‐index, defined as the first record of either ICD‐10 F90 diagnosis and/or ATC‐code for stimulant or non‐stimulant ADHD‐medication during the study period. Primary outcome was age at ADHD‐index. Secondary outcome measures were psychiatric comorbidity, pharmacological treatment, and health care utilization, prior to and after ADHD‐index.ResultsFemales were older at ADHD‐index (23.5 years, SD 13.8) compared to males (19.6 years, SD 13.9, 95% CI of difference 3.74–4.11). Overall, females with ADHD showed higher rates of psychiatric comorbidity, pharmacological treatment, and health care utilization, compared to males with ADHD and female controls.ConclusionsFemales with ADHD receive diagnosis and treatment for ADHD approximately 4 years later than males. They have a higher burden of comorbid psychiatric conditions and health care utilization, compared to males with ADHD and female controls, both prior to and after ADHD‐index. To prevent long‐term adverse consequences for females with ADHD, methods, and tools for early diagnosis and treatments that mitigate personal suffering and societal burden are warranted.