bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Youth Ending the HIV Epidemic (YEHE): Protocol for a pilot of an automated directly observed therapy intervention with conditional economic incentives among young adults with HIV
Authors: Stoner Marie C. D. , Ming Kristin , Wagner Danielle , Smith Louis , Patani Henna , Sukhija-Cohen Adam , Johnson Mallory O. , Napierala Sue , Neilands Torsten B. , Saberi Parya 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundYoung adults have a disproportionately high rate of HIV infection, high rates of attrition at all stages of the HIV care continuum, and an elevated probability of disease progression and transmission. Tracking and monitoring objective measures of antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence in real time is critical to bolster the accuracy of research data, support adherence, and improve clinical outcomes. However, adherence monitoring often relies on self-reported and retrospective data or requires additional effort from providers to understand individual adherence patterns. In this study, we will monitor medication-taking using a real-time objective measure of adherence that does not rely on self-report or healthcare providers for measurement.MethodsThe Youth Ending the HIV Epidemic (YEHE) study will pilot a novel automated directly observed therapy-conditional economic incentive (aDOT-CEI) intervention to improve ART adherence among youth with HIV (YWH) in California and Florida who have an unsuppressed HIV viral load. The aDOT app uses facial recognition to record adherence each day, and then economic incentives are given based on a participant’s confirmed adherence. We will enroll participants in a 3-month pilot study to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the aDOT-CEI intervention using predefined metrics. During and after the trial, a subsample of the pilot participants and staff/providers from participating AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF) clinics will participate in individual in-depth interviews to explore intervention and implementation facilitators and barriers.DiscussionYEHE will provide data on the use of an aDOT-CEI intervention to improve adherence among YWH who are not virologically suppressed. The YEHE study will document the feasibility and acceptability and will explore preliminary data to inform a trial to test the efficacy of aDOT-CEI. This intervention has the potential to effectively improve ART adherence and virologic suppression among a key population experiencing health disparities.Trial registrationThe trial registration number isNCT05789875.
Health providers readiness in managing intimate partner violence in public health institutions, Ethiopia
Authors: Teshome Lidiya , Adugna Haweni , Deribe Leul 
Published: December 2023

Introduction
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a worldwide public health problem and major human and legal rights abuses of women. It affects the physical, sexual, and psychological aspects of the victims therefore, it requires complex and multifaceted interventions. Health providers are responsible for providing essential healthcare services for IPV victims. However, there is a lack of detailed information on whether or not health providers are ready to identify and manage IPV. Therefore, this study aimed to assess health providers’ readiness and associated factors in managing IPV in public health institutions at Hawassa, Ethiopia.

Method
Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted through a simple random sample of 424 health providers. Data was collected with an anonymous questioners using physician Readiness to Manage Intimate Partner Violence Survey (PREMIS) tool. Linear regression analysis was used to examine relationships among variables. The strength of association was assessed by using unstandardized β with 95% CI.

Results
The mean score of perceived provider’s readiness in managing IPV was 26.18± 6.69. Higher providers age and providers perceived knowledge had positive association with provider perceived readiness in managing IPV. Whereas not had IPV training, absence of a protocol for dealing with IPV management, and provider attitude had a negative association with provider perceived readiness in managing IPV.

Conclusion and recommendation
This study reviled that health providers had limited perceived readiness to manage IPV. Provision of training for providers and develop protocol for IPV managements have an important role to improve providers readiness in the managements of IPV.
A mapping review of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus proportions, genetic diversity, and antimicrobial resistance patterns in Cameroon
Authors: Keneh Nene Kaah , Kenmoe Sebastien , Bowo-Ngandji Arnol , Tatah Kihla Akoachere Jane-Francis , Gonsu Kamga Hortense , Ndip Roland Ndip , Ebogo-Belobo Jean Thierry , Kengne-Ndé Cyprien , Mbaga Donatien Serge , Tendongfor Nicholas , Ndip Lucy Mande , Esemu Seraphine Nkie 
Published: December 2023

Background
The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has increased and poses a significant threat to human and animal health in Cameroon and the world at large. MRSA strains have infiltrated various settings, including hospitals, communities, and livestock, contributing to increased morbidity, treatment costs, and mortality. This evidence synthesis aims to understand MRSA prevalence, resistance patterns, and genetic characterization in Cameroon.

Methods
The methodology was consistent with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Studies of any design containing scientific data on MRSA prevalence, genetic diversity, and antimicrobial resistance patterns in Cameroon were eligible for inclusion, with no restrictions on language or publication date. The search involved a comprehensive search strategy in several databases including Medline, Embase, Global Health, Web of Science, African Index Medicus, and African Journal Online. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the Hoy et al tool, and the results were synthesized and presented in narrative synthesis and/or tables and graphs.

Results
The systematic review analyzed 24 studies, mostly conducted after 2010, in various settings in Cameroon. The studies, characterized by moderate to low bias, revealed a wide prevalence of MRSA ranging from 1.9% to 46.8%, with considerable variation based on demographic and environmental factors. Animal (0.2%), food (3.2% to 15.4%), and environmental samples (0.0% to 34.6%) also showed a varied prevalence of MRSA. The genetic diversity of MRSA was heterogeneous, with different virulence gene profiles and clonal lineages identified in various populations and sample types. Antimicrobial resistance rates showed great variability in the different regions of Cameroon, with notable antibiotic resistance recorded for the beta-lactam, fluoroquinolone, glycopeptide, lincosamide, and macrolide families.

Conclusion
This study highlights the significant variability in MRSA prevalence, genetic diversity, and antimicrobial resistance patterns in Cameroon, and emphasizes the pressing need for comprehensive antimicrobial stewardship strategies in the country.
Antimicrobial use related problems and determinants in surgical ward of Ethiopian tertiary hospital
Authors: Niriayo Yirga Legesse , Ayalneh Melisew , Demoz Gebre Teklemariam , Tesfay Nigusse , Gidey Kidu 
Published: December 2023

Background
Antibiotic use related problems lead to the emergence of resistance, failure of therapy, morbidity, mortality, and unnecessary healthcare expenditure. However, little is known about antimicrobial use related problems in our setting particularly in hospitalized surgical patients.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate antibiotic use related problems and their determinants among hospitalized surgical patients.

Methodology
A prospective observational study was conducted from December 2018 to April 2019 at the surgical ward of the Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital, located in Northern Ethiopia. We included patients admitted to the surgical ward who were on antibiotic therapy or were candidates for antibiotic therapy/prophylaxis. The patients were recruited during admission and were followed daily until discharge. Data were collected through patient interviews and expert reviews of medical and medication records. The appropriateness of antibiotic use was evaluated according to the Infectious Disease Society of America, American Society of Health System Pharmacists, and World Health Organization guidelines. Subsequently, antibiotic use related problems were identified and classified based on Cipolle’s method followed by consensus review with experts. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify the determinants of antibiotic use related problems. Statistical significance was set at p <0.05.

Results
Among 272 patients, 167(61.4%) experienced antibiotics use related problems. A total of 235 antibiotics use related problems were identified equating 0.86±0.82 problems per patient. The commonly identified antibiotic use related problems were the need for additional drug therapy (29.4%), unnecessary drug therapy (15%), and dosage too high (12.1%). Cephalosporin (47.02%) was the most commonly implicated class of antibiotics in these drug related problems, followed by penicillin (18.45%) and metronidazole (16.02%). Prolonged hospitalization (AOR: 3.57, 95% CI: 1.91–6.70), number of medications≥5 (AOR: 2.08, 95%CI: 1.10–3.94), and lower qualifications of practitioners [general practitioners (AOR: 10.27, 95%CI: 4.13–25.58) and surgical residents (AOR: 2.28, 95%CI: 1.12–4.63)] were predictors of antibiotic use related problems.

Conclusion
Antibiotic use related problems were common among the hospitalized surgical patients. Prolonged hospitalizations, number of medications, and lower qualifications of practitioners were predictors of antibiotic use related problems. Therefore, more emphasis should be given for patients with prolonged hospitalization and multiple medications. Moreover, practitioners with higher qualifications including surgical specialists need to be involved in patient evaluations.
A Guide to a Somatic Movement Practice: The Anatomy of Center, Nancy Topf and Hetty King (2022)
Authors: Hawkins Kat 
Published: December 2023

Review of: A Guide to a Somatic Movement Practice: The Anatomy of Center, Nancy Topf and Hetty King (2022)
Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 182 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-81306-867-1, p/bk, $30
Una nueva contribución a la arquitectura funeraria de Anatolia occidental: tumba de cámara excavada en la roca del período clásico de Tisna (Turquía)
Authors: Erdan Emre 
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo presenta observaciones e interpretaciones preliminares sobre una tumba monumental descubierta en 2021 en Tisna, antigua ciudad dentro de los límites de la Eólida. La tumba fue encontrada en la zona inferior de una enorme masa de roca al n de la acrópolis de Sarıkale Tepe, que es el área principal del asentamiento de Tisna. La tumba monumental, que refleja un tipo desconocido en la región hasta hoy, corresponde a una tipología no documentada hasta ahora en Anatolia, que resulta novedosa tanto por estar tallada en la masa rocosa como por haber sido construida parcialmente con bloques de piedra. La tumba aún llama más la atención por su cámara funeraria con pinturas.
Dentro y alrededor de la tumba se han encontrado diferentes artefactos arqueológicos, por lo que podemos definirla como la más magnífica de la Eólida hasta el momento. Aunque el más antiguo de los hallazgos data del Período Geométrico, la continuidad material hasta el Período Bizantino es evidente. Las monedas recuperadas en el interior y en las proximidades de la tumba se fechan entre finales del s. v e inicios del iv a. C. Además, la técnica de construcción utilizada en los muros, así como otros rasgos arquitectónicos de la cámara funeraria, también responden a las características del Período Clásico. El fuerte vínculo de Tisna con el Imperio Aqueménida, que también se observa en la acuñación de monedas de la ciudad, sugiere que esta tumba pudo haber pertenecido a un noble o a un grupo familiar más amplio.
Excavaciones en el templo toscano de Pollentia (Alcúdia, Mallorca): estudio de la secuencia constructiva y de los artefactos recuperados
Authors: Vallori Márquez Bartomeu , Cau Ontiveros Miguel Ángel , Chávez Álvarez María Esther 
Published: December 2023

La presencia de templos de tipología clásica en Hispania se remonta a finales del siglo III o principios del II a. C. Un tipo en particular, el templo toscano, ha sido puesto de relieve por su supuesta identificación como capitolia. El objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer un análisis de los materiales recuperados durante la excavación en extensión del templo toscano de Pollentia (Alcúdia, Mallorca), con especial interés por intentar fijar su cronología inicial. Aunque los materiales presentan un alto porcentaje de residualidad, útil para el estudio del asentamiento previo, las clases y tipos identificados permiten proponer, teniendo en cuenta el contexto local y regional, una datación para la construcción del templo. Como resultado, se ha podido sugerir una cronología inicial entre el 122 y el 100/80 a. C, así como avanzar en el conocimiento de algunas acciones inmediatamente anteriores a la fundación de la ciudad y de la evolución del asentamiento indígena preexistente, que se remontaría al menos al siglo IV a. C. La existencia de un templo de estas características en Pollentia enriquece la imagen del núcleo originario.
Determining the Accuracy of Intestinal Ultrasound Scores as a Prescreening Tool in Crohn's Disease Clinical Trials
Authors: Dolinger Michael T. , Aronskyy Illya , Kellar Amelia , Gao Michael , Spencer Elizabeth A. , Pittman Nanci , Dubinsky Marla C. 
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION:
High rates of screen failure for the minimum Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease (SES-CD) plague Crohn's disease (CD) clinical trials. We aimed to determine the accuracy of segmental intestinal ultrasound (IUS) parameters and scores to detect segmental SES-CD activity.

METHODS:
A single-center, blinded, cross-sectional cohort study of children and young adult patients with CD undergoing IUS and ileocolonoscopy, comparing segmental IUS bowel wall thickness (BWT), hyperemia (modified Limberg score [MLS]), and scores to detect segmental SES-CD activity: (i) SES-CD ≤2, (ii) SES-CD ≥6, and (iii) SES-CD ≥4 in the terminal ileum (TI) only. Primary outcome was accuracy of BWT, MLS, and IUS scores to detect SES-CD ≤2 and SES-CD ≥6. Secondary outcomes were accuracy of TI BWT, MLS, and IUS scores to detect SES-CD ≥4 and correlation with the SES-CD.

RESULTS:
Eighty-two patients (median [interquartile range] age 16.5 [12.9–20.0] years) underwent IUS and ileocolonoscopy of 323 bowel segments. Segmental BWT ≤3.1 mm had a similar high accuracy to detect SES-CD ≤2 as IUS scores (area under the receiver operating curve [AUROC] 0.833 [95% confidence interval 0.76–0.91], 94% sensitivity, and 73% specificity). Segmental BWT ≥3.6 mm and ≥4.3 mm had similar high accuracy to detect SES-CD ≥6 (AUROC 0.950 [95% confidence interval 0.92–0.98], 89% sensitivity, 93% specificity) in the colon and an SES-CD ≥4 in the TI (AUROC 0.874 [0.79–0.96], 80% sensitivity, and 91% specificity) as IUS scores. Segmental IUS scores strongly correlated with the SES-CD.

DISCUSSION:
Segmental IUS BWT is highly accurate to detect moderate-to-severe endoscopic inflammation. IUS may be the ideal prescreening tool to reduce unnecessary trial screen failures.
Use of Impedance Planimetry in the Diagnosis of Gastric Sleeve Stenosis: The Establishment of New Benchmark Values
Authors: Evans Gretchen , Yu Jessica X. , Moy Benjamin , Leith Annelie , Volk Sarah , Taher Omar , Miller Candice , Schulman Allison R. 
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Gastric sleeve stenosis (GSS) is an increasingly common adverse event following sleeve gastrectomy for which objective diagnostic criteria are lacking. Impedance planimetry measurements show promise in characterizing GSS, though normal and abnormal benchmark values have never been established.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective analysis of upper endoscopies performed with impedance planimetry for suspected GSS. A bariatric endoscopist, blind to impedance planimetry measurements, assessed gastric sleeve anatomy and graded GSS severity. Impedance planimetry of diameter and distensibility index (DI) were obtained using 3 different balloon volumes (30, 40, and 50 mL).

RESULTS:
A total of 110 upper endoscopies were included. Distribution of GSS was graded as none, mild, moderate, and severe in 19 (17%), 27 (25%), 34 (31%), and 30 (27%) procedures, respectively. In normal gastric sleeve anatomy, mean (±SD) diameter and DI measurements using consecutive balloon volumes ranged from 19.1 (±5.5) to 23.2 (±1.7) and 16.8 (±4.9) to 23.1 (±10.9), respectively. In severe GSS, mean diameter and DI measurements ranged from 10.3 (±3.0) to 16.6 (±2.1) and 7.5 (±2.4) to 7.7 (±2.4), respectively. When stratified by severity, impedance planimetry measurements of diameter and DI were significantly lower with each subsequent increase in GSS grade regardless of balloon fill volumes (P ≤ 0.001).

DISCUSSION:
Impedance planimetry measurements provide objective assessment in the diagnosis of GSS and correlate with luminal narrowing. A diameter ≥20 mm and a DI ≥15 mm2/mm Hg, as measured by impedance planimetry, are predictive of normal gastric sleeve anatomy. This study provides new benchmark values for the diagnosis and severity of GSS.
«Una aspiración que asusta»
Authors: Rodríguez Bustamante Lucia 
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo se inscribe en la problemática de la exclusión de la participación de los niños de la política en general y de la gestión escolar en particular. Parte del desarrollo de la tesis doctoral que lo sustenta se centró en el análisis de dos experiencias educativas impulsadas a fines del siglo XIX y comienzos del siglo XX en las que se incorporaban a los niños en la gestión escolar.
En este artículo me adentraré en el análisis del debate que se llevó a cabo en la Cámara de Diputados de la Provincia de Mendoza en 1936 en el que se discutió por la pertinencia de la experiencia de autogobierno escolar dirigido por la maestra Florencia Fossatti y que tuvo como resultado su suspensión.
El análisis sobre los documentos de la época pone el foco en los supuestos sociales y políticos que estructuraron los argumentos presentados a favor y en contra de la experiencia en cuestión y se propone indagar en la pregunta sobre la relación entre la sanción que recibió Fossatti y la consolidación de la ausencia de gobiernos escolares en la escuela primaria argentina a lo largo de las décadas subsiguientes.
Regionalplanung in Hessen
Authors: Fritz-Vietta Rainer 
Published: December 2023

Demnächst ist mit der Feststellung der fortgeschriebenen Regionalen Raumordnungspläne in Hessen zu rechnen. Die 6jährige Arbeit der drei Regionalplanungsbehörden bei den Regierungspräsidenten konnte durch die politisch verantwortlichen Gremien der Regionalen Planungsversammlungen weitgehend mitgestaltet werden. Die größten Schwierigkeiten bereitete nicht die vertikale Koordination zu den Kommunen oder zur Landesplanung sondern die horizontale Koordination der staatlichen Fachplanungen, wobei erhebliche Teile von ihnen nicht auf Landesebene vermittelt werden konnten und so dem Interessenausgleich auf Regionsebene überantwortet werden mußten. Die am Planungsprozeß Beteiligten beurteilen die Arbeit insgesamt als positiv, auch wenn viele Stimmen für Veränderungen – vor allem bei den Instrumenten – eintreten. So werden die Konzentration des Planes auf wichtige Aspekte und eine Kompetenzstärkung der Regionalversammlung gefordert. Der im hessischen Planungssystem seit 1970 enthaltene Entwicklungsaspekt (Finanzplanung), der in den letzten Jahren aufgegeben werden mußte, kann nach dem Selbstverständnis der Landesressorts wohl nicht wiederbelebt und auf die Regionsebene ausgeweitet werden, wie es die zukünftigen Anforderungen der Entwicklung eigentlich verlangten.
Neue Strategien für die Planung und Organisation städtischer Dienste in den Großstädten
Authors: Monheim Heiner 
Published: December 2023

Angesichts neuer Herausforderungen an die Kommunen, welche sich durch die Stichworte finanzielle Restriktionen, Arbeitsmarktprobleme, verstärkte Umweltbelastungen umreißen lassen, sind auch neue Konzepte für die Planung und Organisation städtischer Dienste gefragt. Da es sich bei dieser Herausforderung um Phänomene handelt, welche sich in allen westlichen Ländern in der einen oder anderen Form zeigen, hat sich eine A rbeitsgruppe der OECD Gedanken über „Probleme und Strategien der Großstädte im Bereich der technischen und sozialen Infrastruktur“ gemacht. Der deutsche Beitrag – welcher hier in einer Kurzfassung vorgestellt wird – präsentiert und erläutert zehn strategische Ansatzpunkte, mit denen eine effektive und innovative Erledigung städtischer Aufgaben erreicht werden soll. Dabei geht es z. B. um Verringerung von Bedarfen, Flexibilisierung und Reduzierung von Richtlinien, Förderung von Mehrfachnutzung von Räumen, örtliche und Regionalverbundsysteme usw. Der Beitrag empfiehlt am Schluß offensive Angebotsstrategien und die Erschließung neuer Nachfragepotentiale für Maßnahmenbereiche wie den öffentlichen Personennahverkehr, die Kultur- und Sozialpolitik u. a.
Planungsrecht und Planungsregeln beim Bau von Versorgungsleitungen
Authors: Joachim Horst 
Published: December 2023

Der in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland zur Verfügung stehende Raum für Versorgungsleitungen und Versorgungsanlagen wird immer kleiner, die Leitungsverlegung immer schwieriger und langwieriger. Woran liegt diesfArt. 14 des Grundgesetzes, unserer Verfassung, garantiert das Privateigentum. Freihändig privatrechtlich die notwendigen dinglichen Leitungsrechte zu erwerben, ist heute sehr schwer. Fast jeder Grundstückseigentümer möchte sein Eigentum frei und unbelastet haben. Enteignungsverfahren, die sehr langwierig sind, werden erforderlich. Umweltschützer melden sich. Forstgesetze bringen zustätzliche Schwierigkeiten, usw.Angesichts dieser Schwierigkeiten ist eine sorgfältige Trassenplanung notwendig intern wie extern. Trassenbündelungen werden von den Bürgern nicht mehr so ohne weiteres hingenommen. Das bringt jedoch das Problem der größeren benötigten Flächen. Von dem raumplanerischen Institut der Trassenbündelung geht man daher langsam wieder ab. Dezentralisierte Trassen werden bevorzugt. Aber auch die Sicherheit der Leitungen spielt eine erhebliche Rolle. Bei einer Leitungsbündelung mit 50 %iger Schutzstreifenüberlappung besteht die Gefahr, daß bei einem Bruch einer Leitung die andere zerstört wird.Den Raumordnungsverfahren wird daher heute eine ganz besondere Bedeutung beigemessen.