bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motor network gamma oscillations in chronic home recordings predict dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Olaru Maria , Cernera Stephanie , Hahn Amelia , Wozny Thomas A , Anso Juan , de Hemptinne Coralie , Little Simon , Neumann Wolf-Julian , Abbasi-Asl Reza , Starr Philip A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In Parkinson’s disease, imbalances between ‘antikinetic’ and ‘prokinetic’ patterns of neuronal oscillatory activity are related to motor dysfunction. Invasive brain recordings from the motor network have suggested that medical or surgical therapy can promote a prokinetic state by inducing narrowband gamma rhythms (65–90 Hz). Excessive narrowband gamma in the motor cortex promotes dyskinesia in rodent models, but the relationship between narrowband gamma and dyskinesia in humans has not been well established.
To assess this relationship, we used a sensing-enabled deep brain stimulator system, attached to both motor cortex and basal ganglia (subthalamic or pallidal) leads, paired with wearable devices that continuously tracked motor signs in the contralateral upper limbs. We recorded 984 h of multisite field potentials in 30 hemispheres of 16 subjects with Parkinson’s disease (2/16 female, mean age 57 ± 12 years) while at home on usual antiparkinsonian medications. Recordings were done 2–4 weeks after implantation, prior to starting therapeutic stimulation.
Narrowband gamma was detected in the precentral gyrus, subthalamic nucleus or both structures on at least one side of 92% of subjects with a clinical history of dyskinesia. Narrowband gamma was not detected in the globus pallidus. Narrowband gamma spectral power in both structures co-fluctuated similarly with contralateral wearable dyskinesia scores (mean correlation coefficient of ρ = 0.48 with a range of 0.12–0.82 for cortex, ρ = 0.53 with a range of 0.5–0.77 for subthalamic nucleus). Stratification analysis showed the correlations were not driven by outlier values, and narrowband gamma could distinguish ‘on’ periods with dyskinesia from ‘on’ periods without dyskinesia. Time lag comparisons confirmed that gamma oscillations herald dyskinesia onset without a time lag in either structure when using 2-min epochs. A linear model incorporating the three oscillatory bands (beta, theta/alpha and narrowband gamma) increased the predictive power of dyskinesia for several subject hemispheres. We further identified spectrally distinct oscillations in the low gamma range (40–60 Hz) in three subjects, but the relationship of low gamma oscillations to dyskinesia was variable.
Our findings support the hypothesis that excessive oscillatory activity at 65–90 Hz in the motor network tracks with dyskinesia similarly across both structures, without a detectable time lag. This rhythm may serve as a promising control signal for closed-loop deep brain stimulation using either cortical or subthalamic detection.
A hybrid machine-learning model for solar irradiance forecasting
Authors: Almarzooqi Ameera M , Maalouf Maher , El-Fouly Tarek H M , Katzourakis Vasileios E , El Moursi Mohamed S , Chrysikopoulos Constantinos V 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Nowcasting and forecasting solar irradiance are vital for the optimal prediction of grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) power plants. These plants face operational challenges and scheduling dispatch difficulties due to the fluctuating nature of their power output. As the generation capacity within the electric grid increases, accurately predicting this output becomes increasingly essential, especially given the random and non-linear characteristics of solar irradiance under variable weather conditions. This study presents a novel prediction method for solar irradiance, which is directly in correlation with PV power output, targeting both short-term and medium-term forecast horizons. Our proposed hybrid framework employs a fast trainable statistical learning technique based on the truncated-regularized kernel ridge regression model. The proposed method excels in forecasting solar irradiance, especially during highly intermittent weather periods. A key strength of our model is the incorporation of multiple historical weather parameters as inputs to generate accurate predictions of future solar irradiance values in its scalable framework. We evaluated the performance of our model using data sets from both cloudy and sunny days in Seattle and Medford, USA and compared it against three forecasting models: persistence, modified 24-hour persistence and least squares. Based on three widely accepted statistical performance metrics (root mean squared error, mean absolute error and coefficient of determination), our hybrid model demonstrated superior predictive accuracy in varying weather conditions and forecast horizons.
An application of a genetic algorithm in co-optimization of geological CO2 storage based on artificial neural networks
Authors: Vaziri Pouya , Sedaee Behnam 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Global warming, driven by human-induced disruptions to the natural carbon dioxide (CO2) cycle, is a pressing concern. To mitigate this, carbon capture and storage has emerged as a key strategy that enables the continued use of fossil fuels while transitioning to cleaner energy sources. Deep saline aquifers are of particular interest due to their substantial CO2 storage potential, often located near fossil fuel reservoirs. In this study, a deep saline aquifer model with a saline water production well was constructed to develop the optimization workflow. Due to the time-consuming nature of each realization of the numerical simulation, we introduce a surrogate aquifer model derived from extracted data. The novelty of our work lies in the pioneering of simultaneous optimization using machine learning within an integrated framework. Unlike previous studies, which typically focused on single-parameter optimization, our research addresses this gap by performing multi-objective optimization for CO2 storage and breakthrough time in deep saline aquifers using a data-driven model. Our methodology encompasses preprocessing and feature selection, identifying eight pivotal parameters. Evaluation metrics include root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and R2. In predicting CO2 storage values, RMSE, MAPE and R2 in test data were 2.07%, 1.52% and 0.99, respectively, while in blind data, they were 2.5%, 2.05% and 0.99. For the CO2 breakthrough time, RMSE, MAPE and R2 in the test data were 2.1%, 1.77% and 0.93, while in the blind data they were 2.8%, 2.23% and 0.92, respectively. In addressing the substantial computational demands and time-consuming nature of coupling a numerical simulator with an optimization algorithm, we have adopted a strategy in which the trained artificial neural network is seamlessly integrated with a multi-objective genetic algorithm. Within this framework, we conducted 5000 comprehensive experiments to rigorously validate the development of the Pareto front, highlighting the depth of our computational approach. The findings of the study promise insights into the interplay between CO2 breakthrough time and storage in aquifer-based carbon capture and storage processes within an integrated framework based on data-driven coupled multi-objective optimization.
Photoluminescence/optical-absorption modulation of layered lanthanide molybdates for chemical sensing of reductive materials
Authors: Hasegawa Takuya , Kanaoka Yuzuki , Noda Suzuka , Okawa Ayahisa , Yin Shu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This work has found K1−δHδEu(MoO4)2 as a novel material for detecting reducing agents. The red emission from Eu3+ was notably diminished in the presence of the reducing agent, followed by its restoration in the presence of the oxidizing agent, demonstrating a significant luminescence modulation. This effect is believed to be induced by polaron absorption between Mo5+ and Mo6+, deactivating the red luminescence of Eu3+. Notably, the facile proton deinsertion stemming from the layered structure contributed to its exceptional restoration capability.
Synthesis and property of silver nanoparticles with verbascoside
Authors: Luhata Lokadi Pierre , Iizuka Yoshiko , Eda Ryotaro , Uchida Hiroshi , Chick Christian Nanga , Kubo Makoto , Usuki Toyonobu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Verbascoside (VB), a phenylpropanoid glycoside found in many medicinal plants, is attracting the attention of researchers due to its significant clinical value. This study, for the first time, attempted the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using VB as a reducing and capping agent. The synthesized VB–AgNPs were characterized using ultraviolet–visible, dynamic light-scattering, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray analyses. The cytotoxic potency against LX-2 human hepatic stellate cells was also investigated.
Ribonucleotides differentially modulate oral glutamate detection thresholds
Authors: Amado Nicholas J , Hanselman Emily C , Harmon Caroline P , Deng Daiyong , Alarcon Suzanne M , Sharples Ashley A , Breslin Paul A S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The savory or umami taste of the amino acid glutamate is synergistically enhanced by the addition of the purines inosine 5ʹ-monophosphate (IMP) and guanosine 5ʹ-monophosphate (GMP) disodium salt. We hypothesized that the addition of purinergic ribonucleotides, along with the pyrimidine ribonucleotides, would decrease the absolute detection threshold of (increase sensitivity to) l-glutamic acid potassium salt (MPG). To test this, we measured both the absolute detection threshold of MPG alone and with a background level (3 mM) of 5 different 5ʹ-ribonucleotides. The addition of the 3 purines IMP, GMP, and adenosine 5ʹ-monophosphate (AMP) lowered the MPG threshold in all participants (P &lt; 0.001), indicating they are positive modulators or enhancers of glutamate taste. The average detection threshold of MPG was 2.08 mM, and with the addition of IMP, the threshold was decreased by approximately 1.5 orders of magnitude to 0.046 mM. In contrast to the purines, the pyrimidines uridine 5ʹ-monophosphate (UMP) and cytidine 5ʹ-monophosphate (CMP) yielded different results. CMP reliably raised glutamate thresholds in 10 of 17 subjects, suggesting it is a negative modulator or diminisher of glutamate taste for them. The rank order of effects on increasing sensitivity to glutamate was IMP &gt; GMP&gt; AMP &gt;&gt; UMP// CMP. These data confirm that ribonucleotides are modulators of glutamate taste, with purines enhancing sensitivity and pyrimidines displaying variable and even negative modulatory effects. Our ability to detect the co-occurrence of glutamate and purines is meaningful as both are relatively high in evolutionarily important sources of nutrition, such as insects and fermented foods.
Virological Failure After Switch to Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine Injectable Therapy: An In-depth Analysis
Authors: van Welzen Berend J , Van Lelyveld Steven F L , Ter Beest Gerjanne , Gisolf Jet H , Geerlings Suzanne E , Prins Jan M , Van Twillert Gitte , Van Nieuwkoop Cees , Van der Valk Marc , Burger David , Wensing Annemarie M J 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Long-acting (LA) injectable therapy with cabotegravir (CAB) and rilpivirine (RPV) is currently used as maintenance treatment for human immunodeficiency virus type 1, and has a low risk for virological failure (VF). Although the risk is low, the circumstances and impact of VF in the real-world setting merit further evaluation.

Methods
We performed an in-depth clinical, virological, and pharmacokinetic analysis on the reasons behind and the impact of VF during LA CAB/RPV therapy in 5 cases from the Netherlands. Genotypic resistance testing was performed after the occurrence of VF, and drug plasma (trough) concentrations were measured after VF was established and on any other samples to assess on-treatment drug levels. CAB and RPV drug levels that were below the first quartile of the population cutoff (≤Q1) were considered to be low.

Results
Five cases who were eligible for LA CAB/RPV experienced VF despite a low predicted risk at baseline. Genotypic resistance testing revealed extensive selection of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor–associated mutations in all cases, and integrase strand transfer inhibitor mutations in 4 cases. All cases displayed low drug levels of either CAB, RPV, or both during the treatment course, likely contributing to the occurrence of VF. In 3 cases, we were able to identify the potential mechanisms behind these low drug levels.

Conclusions
This is the first in-depth multiple case analysis of VF on LA CAB/RPV therapy in a real-world setting. Our observations stress the need to be aware for (evolving) risk factors and the yield of a comprehensive clinical, virological, and pharmacokinetic approach in case of failure.
Ettore Romagnoli,rievocatoreof ancient Greek drama
Authors: Troiani Sara 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Italian classicist Ettore Romagnoli (1871–938) is mostly remembered as a popularizer of ancient drama through his work as a translator for and artistic director of classical performances at the Greek theatre of Syracuse (1914–27). His theatrical productions were inspired by a programmatic aesthetic approach to the study of classical culture called ‘artistic Hellenism’, which aimed at making the Graeco-Roman classics accessible to a broader audience, as well as renewing Italian prose theatre by referring to the example of the ancient chorodidaskalos. This article aims to describe Romagnoli’s attempt to promote his aesthetics in the staging of Greek drama within the cultural framework of Fascism. Even after his dismissal from the artistic direction of the National Institute of Ancient Drama, which he helped to establish in 1925, Romagnoli strove to find the financial support for his project of a ‘Fascist Institute of Classical Drama’. This Institute never became a reality and was probably intended to compete with the classical productions staged at Syracuse, which in the thirties were undergoing a shift in terms of aesthetics and production management according to the new Fascist politics about theatre matters.
Morphological variation of gubernacular tracts for permanent mandibular canines in eruption: a three-dimensional analysis
Authors: Liu Pei , Li Renpeng , Cheng Yong , Li Bo , Wei Lili , Li Wei , Guo Xiaolong , Li Hang , Wang Fang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aims to evaluate the morphological features of gubernacular tract (GT) for erupting permanent mandibular canines at different ages from 5 to 9 years old with a three-dimensional (3D) measurement method.

Methods
The cone-beam CT images of 50 patients were divided into five age groups. The 3D models of the GT for mandibular canines were reconstructed and analysed. The characteristics of the GT, including length, diameter, ellipticity, tortuosity, superficial area, volume, and the angle between the canine and GT, were evaluated using a centreline fitting algorithm.

Results
Among the 100 GTs that were examined, the length of the GT for mandibular canines decreased between the ages of 5 and 9 years, while the diameter increased until the age of 7 years. Additionally, the ellipticity and tortuosity of the GT decreased as age advanced. The superficial area and volume exhibited a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing. The morphological variations of the GT displayed heterogeneous changes during different periods.

Conclusions
The 3D measurement method effectively portrayed the morphological attributes of the GT for mandibular canines. The morphological characteristics of the GT during the eruption process exhibited significant variations. The variations in morphological changes may indicate different stages of mandibular canine eruption.
Ultra-low-dose photon-counting CT of paranasal sinus: an in vivo comparison of radiation dose and image quality to cone-beam CT
Authors: Kaatsch Hanns Leonhard , Fulisch Florian , Dillinger Daniel , Kubitscheck Laura , Becker Benjamin V , Piechotka Joel , Brockmann Marc A , Froelich Matthias F , Schoenberg Stefan O , Overhoff Daniel , Waldeck Stephan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study investigated the differences in subjective and objective image parameters as well as dose exposure of photon-counting CT (PCCT) compared to cone-beam CT (CBCT) in paranasal sinus imaging for the assessment of rhinosinusitis and sinonasal anatomy.

Methods
This single-centre retrospective study included 100 patients, who underwent either clinically indicated PCCT or CBCT of the paranasal sinus. Two blinded experienced ENT radiologists graded image quality and delineation of specific anatomical structures on a 5-point Likert scale. In addition, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and applied radiation doses were compared among both techniques.

Results
Image quality and delineation of bone structures in paranasal sinus PCCT was subjectively rated superior by both readers compared to CBCT (P &lt; .001). CNR was significantly higher for photon-counting CT (P &lt; .001). Mean effective dose for PCCT examinations was significantly lower than for CBCT (0.038 mSv ± 0.009 vs. 0.14 mSv ± 0.011; P &lt; .001).

Conclusion
In a performance comparison of PCCT and a modern CBCT scanner in paranasal sinus imaging, we demonstrated that first-use PCCT in clinical routine provides higher subjective image quality accompanied by higher CNR at close to a quarter of the dose exposure compared to CBCT.
Interpolated junctional extrasystoles mimicking complex polymorphic ventricular arrhythmias in a healthy young athlete: a case report
Authors: Martini Nicolò , Martini Bortolo , Corrado Domenico , Zorzi Alessandro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
In young competitive athletes, ventricular arrhythmias could be a reason for concern as they may represent the sign of a serious underlying cardiac condition. On the other hand, atrial or conduction system premature beats are usually benign. However, when the properties of the His-Purkinje system lead to conduction aberrancies, there is a risk of misinterpreting benign arrhythmias as potentially at risk ventricular ectopic beats.

Case summary
We described the case of a healthy young athlete with asymptomatic interpolated junctional ectopic beats interpreted as polymorphic ventricular tachycardia during pre-participation screening.

Discussion
Strange and rare electrocardiogram pictures may be observed during sport pre-participation screening. The small atrioventricular (AV) junction is made up of many specialized fibres with different conduction properties. Junctional arrhythmias can have a normal anterograde conduction or can be conducted with aberrancy. Rarely, they can be interpolated and cause PR prolongation or bundle branch block by increasing the refractory period of the AV node and/or the conduction system. When aberrancy occurs, they can be mistaken for ‘atypical’ ventricular arrhythmias. Prognosis of these events remains uncertain.
Validation of a novel direct method to determine reduced adherence to atorvastatin therapy
Authors: Pivoriunas Jonas , Vethe Nils Tore , Husebye Einar , Fagerland Morten W , Bergan Stein , Kristiansen Oscar , Munkhaugen John , Sverre Elise 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Aims
Objective methods to determine statin adherence are requested to improve lipid management. We have recently established a method to detect reduced adherence to atorvastatin therapy with cut-off values based on the sum of atorvastatin and its major metabolites in the blood. We aimed to validate this method in patients with and without cardiovascular disease, and optimize previous cut-off values.

Methods and results
The pharmacokinetic study included 60 participants treated with atorvastatin 20 mg (N = 20), 40 mg (N = 20), and 80 mg (N = 20). Atorvastatin was then stopped and blood samples collected from day zero to day four. Quantification of the parent drug and its metabolites in blood plasma was performed with a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay. The cut-off values for reduced adherence were validated and optimized by calculating diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Our candidate cut-off value of dose-normalized six-component sum of atorvastatin plus metabolites &lt;0.10 nM/mg provided a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 93% for detecting ≥2 omitted doses. An optimized cut-off &lt;0.062 nM/mg provided a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 100%. An alternative simplified two-component metabolite sum with a cut-off value &lt;0.05 nM/mg provided a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 76%. An optimized cut-off &lt;0.02 nM/mg provided a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 98%.

Conclusion
This validation study confirms that our direct method discriminates reduced adherence from adherence to atorvastatin therapy with high diagnostic accuracy. The method may improve lipid management in clinical practice and serve as a useful tool in future studies.
Pharmacological and clinical appraisal of factor XI inhibitor drugs
Authors: Occhipinti Giovanni , Laudani Claudio , Spagnolo Marco , Finocchiaro Simone , Mazzone Placido Maria , Faro Denise Cristiana , Mauro Maria Sara , Rochira Carla , Agnello Federica , Giacoppo Daniele , Ammirabile Nicola , Landolina Davide , Imbesi Antonino , Sangiorgio Giuseppe , Greco Antonio , Capodanno Davide 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The evolution of anticoagulation therapy, from vitamin K antagonists to the advent of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) almost two decades ago, marks significant progress. Despite improved safety demonstrated in pivotal trials and post-marketing observations, persistent concerns exist, particularly regarding bleeding risk and the absence of therapeutic indications in specific subgroups or clinical contexts. Factor XI (FXI) has recently emerged as a pivotal contributor to intraluminal thrombus formation and growth, playing a limited role in sealing vessel wall injuries. Inhibiting FXI presents an opportunity to decouple thrombosis from haemostasis, addressing concerns related to bleeding events while safeguarding against thromboembolic events. Notably, FXI inhibition holds promise for patients with end-stage renal disease or cancer, where clear indications for DOACs are currently lacking. Various compounds have undergone design, testing, and progression to phase 2 clinical trials, demonstrating a generally favourable safety and tolerability profile. However, validation through large-scale phase 3 trials with sufficient power to assess both safety and efficacy outcomes is needed. This review comprehensively examines FXI inhibitors, delving into individual classes, exploring their pharmacological properties, evaluating the latest evidence from randomized trials, and offering insights into future perspectives.