bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Great Illusions, the Long Peace, and the Future of the International System
Authors: Gaddis John Lewis 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
“How do you know that you’re not going to wind up like Norman Angell?” The question-polite but pointed-came from a graduate student in a seminar I taught at Princeton in the fall of 1987. The Long Peace had just come out and I had inflicted it on my students without waiting for the paperback edition, so I had probably asked for something like this. My answer, at the time, was a historian’s cop-out: I had written that book as history, not prophecy; even if the post-World War II great power system were to break up tomorrow, its record of more than four decades without great power war would more than justify use of the term “long peace” to characterize it. But having said that, I was not wholly satisfied with it. A “long peace” on the verge of collapse would hardly be as robust an explanation of past events as a “long peace” whose perpetuation seemed likely. By implication my thesis would stand as good history only to the extent that it anticipated at least the immediate future. I had, it appeared, backed into the business of prophecy without having really intended to.
The Rehearsal Room
Authors: Aloff Mindy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the Skin What you must do with dancers is to strip them of their superficialities. Strip them of their own conception of themselves, until you find something underneath. This takes time, patience, and occasional bullying. When you choreograph, there are two of you creating a dance. You’ve got to get the dancer to climb into the skin of the dance with you. For a while, there are two of you in the same skin. Then, happily, you get out of it, and leave the skin to the dancer—and she has to stay with it. If she goes back to herself, the performance won’t be any good. (Antony Tudor) —Gruen, p. 262 Permanently Impermanent
Coaches and Teachers
Authors: Aloff Mindy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
What Goes Around, Comes Around The story most frequently told by the Greeks about the beginning of dancing upon the earth—a story which became a part of Greek mythology—went as follows: In the early days of the world, before the race of man peopled the land, the Titan Rhea, wife of Cronus, taught the art of the dance to the Curetes, sons of Earth, who dwelt in the island of Crete, and to the Corybantes, who lived in Phrygia, in Asia Minor. This act stood Rhea in good stead later. Cronus, so the legend goes, habitually devoured his children at birth. Rhea fled to Crete and there her youngest son, the god Zeus, was born. Rhea hid Zeus in a cave and gave Cronus, instead of the child, a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes. Cronus swallowed the stone, and Rhea placed the baby in the care of the Curetes. They, to prevent Cronus from hearing the cries of Zeus, danced over him a wild, noisy, leaping dance, in which they shouted lustily and beat their swords against their shields. Legend says that they later became priests of Zeus and that they and their descendants continued their dances for centuries, as cult rituals.
Turning Points
Authors: Aloff Mindy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Bigger Suzanne Farrell, the ballerina whom George Balanchine called “my Stradivarius,” has recounted the precise moment when she understood what he wanted and when he saw that she was capable of both surrendering more to him as a dancer and projecting his choreography more fully than any artist with whom he had ever worked. It occurred in the studio, during a class, around 1962: Although I was convinced he was a genius, it also occurred to me that he might be just a little eccentric... until he challenged me to pirouette his way in class one day and changed my life. It was shortly after moving into the State Theater, and we were in eleven o’clock morning class in the huge, windowless main hall on the fifth floor. Like every other ballet dancer on earth, I had been taught to turn from a fourth position with one leg directly in front of the other, both knees bent in plié ready to push off into as many pirouettes as possible. I was what is called a “natural turner,” having no fear of spinning around on one leg as fast as I could, and the results more often than not were smooth multiple pirouettes. Turning was not one of my problem areas, but Mr. B made it a problem, or so I thought. He asked me to start my pirouette, and I settled into a nice, comfortable fourth position.
Fauna
Authors: Aloff Mindy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Catastrophes Ida Rubinstein (1885–1960), the charismatic and beautiful performer, impresario, and heiress to storied riches, was born in Russia to a family of Ashkenazi Jews. Although she studied music and dance as a child, and would go on to become a student of Michel Fokine’s, by most accounts she was less of a dancer than a kind of specialist in living sculpture. Her attenuated figure and her dramatic presence led Serge Diaghilev to cast her in some exotic roles with overtones, as her biographer Michael de Cossart writes, of “decadence and sadism.” Eventually she founded her own company and, thanks to her inherited wealth, hired away some of Diaghilev’s collaborators at fees that he could not hope to match—for which he never forgave her or them. Rubinstein was theatrical outside the theater in many ways, and one of them was her habit of keeping large wild animals as pets. She was well known for walking a leopard on the streets of Paris, and she also owned a black panther who liked to eat hats and gloves and to try to crawl up curtains, “chewing them until they fell down.” (Her pets would accompany her on shopping trips, and when couturiers heard she was coming, they tended to close up early.) Once, when the painter and scenic designer Léon Bakst was visiting, the panther got “stuck inside an immense waste-paper basket and became agitated.” Rubinstein pulled it out, but, as Bakst remembered, “when she let the animal go, I was horrified to see that Madame Rubinstein had her chest and arms literally starred with claw marks. She hadn’t said a word, and she declared that it was nothing.”
Costumes, Footgear, and Hair Do’s and Don’ts
Authors: Aloff Mindy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Nailing It Dancing courtesans provided popular entertainment at the after-dinner events of ancient Greece known as symposia. The dance historian Lillian B. Lawler notes that archaeologists have unearthed “a vase cleverly made in the shape of a courtesan’s shoe” and that “Nails on the sole seem to indicate that it was a dancing shoe—perhaps even a forerunner of the modern tap-dancer’s footgear! Even more interesting is the fact that the nails are arranged so as to form the word akolouth(e), ‘Follow (me)!’” —Lawler, p. 133 What Dancers Should Wear From The Art of Dancing: A Poem in Three Cantos, 1729 edition, by Soame Jenyns. In the first line, the word “suits” is being used as a verb:
The Erosion of Patriarchy
Authors: Matthews Glenna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The eighteenth century saw a thoroughgoing transformation of colonial life, a transformation that has been described in book titles as “From Puritan to Yankee” and as “The American Revolution against Patriarchal Authority.” Each of these titles gives us insight into the nature of the change, which encompassed the economic foundations of life, the social patterns, the religious tenets and practices, and ultimately the nature of the polity.
Northern Women And The Crisis Of The Union
Authors: Matthews Glenna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Need I tell you that the women were always ready to press into these places of horror, going to them in torrents of rain, groping their way by dim lantern-light, at all hours of night, carrying spirits and ice-water; calling back to life those in despair from utter exhaustion, or again and again catching for mother or wife the last faint whispers of the dying? That women were deeply involved with the conduct of the American Civil War was not new. Women have always accompanied armies, perhaps as officers’ wives but more likely as laundresses and/or camp followers. In the latter capacity they have, of course, been “public women.” What was new about the Civil War was the fact that a few women were presuming to suggest to various generals how best to conduct the war. In addition, in both North and South, women nursed with devotion-without sacrificing their respectability-and saved lives. In the North they organized for relief on a completely unprecedented scale. A smaller group organized the Women’s National Loyal League to pressure Congress to pass the Thirteenth Amendment. Inspired by Stowe’s great novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin, northern soldiers marched off to battle singing Julia Ward Howe’s “The Battle Hymn of the Republic.” In other words, women’s writing was central to the culture during this period. And when the war ended, a plethora of books appeared, celebrating the heroic efforts of all these remarkable women.
Law and Order in the Neoconservative Era
Authors: Fond John Q La , Durham Mary L 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
By the close of the seventies, the mood of the country, spurred by dramatic increases in crime, deteriorating economic conditions, and shifting political ideologies, had turned against liberal values. During this period, the rehabilitative ideal came under fierce attack from both the political right and left. And though their objectives and arguments differed sharply, their conclusions were surprisingly congruent: crime and violence were out of control; the social experimentation of the 1960s and early 1970s had gone awry.
Involuntary Commitment in the Neoconservative Era
Authors: Fond John Q La , Durham Mary L 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
David Rothman has warned that the “reforms of one generation become the scandals of the next.” History shows that society applauds those who design reforms and then applauds later reformers who expose the emerging failures of the reformed system. This cycle then repeats itself. For example, critics who exposed the state hospital system in the 1950s were heroes. By the end of the 1970s, when the failures of deinstitutionalization had become all too apparent, then critics from all corners blamed those erstwhile reformers and their reforms for an astounding array of contemporary social problems.
College Girl
Authors: Goldman Herbert G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The show business of the early 1900s was both larger and more closely knit than it would be three quarters of a century later. The average actor, whether vaudeville, burlesque, or “legit,” knew literally hundreds-maybe thousands-of people in his chosen field, ranging from other actors to theatre managers, stagehands to advance agents, prop men to dressers. Cohan, as producer, director, author, and performer, knew so many people in show business that he started calling everybody “kid.” Fanny, as her show biz circles widened, soon got into the same habit.
The Short-Stemmed Rose
Authors: Goldman Herbert G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Fanny felt the need or an entiely new start. The West Side townhouse had remmders of Nick everywhere, and Fanny now decided to move out. First, she told May Weston and Valeska Suratt that she planned to sell the building. Next, she auctioned everything she owned-including some of Nick’s old suits-sparing only personal mementos. Every stick of furniture went under the auctioneer’s hammer in the next few weeks. She was like a refugee fleeing the holocaust with nothing but the clothes on her back. The difference was that Fanny was a Broadway “name” with talent, fame, and money.
Divorced Again: “That Rat”
Authors: Goldman Herbert G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The revived Ziegfeld Follies of 1936 racked up 112 continuous performances at the Winter Garden before taking to the road on Christmas day. Fanny and Billy had abandoned Sixtieth Street in favor of a fourteen-room apartment at 1212 Park Avenue. “Unless I’m broke,” Billy confided at this time, “I’ll never let Fanny go out on the road again. It’s terrible to come home to fifty-six bare walls.” Not that Rose was lonely very often.
Electrical Activity of the Heart
Authors: Milnor William R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The orderly spread of excitation through the heart generates an electrical field in the body, thus creating differences of electrical potential between points on the body surface. These voltages can be measured with a sensitive meter called an electrocardiograph, and the electrocardiograms produced by such instruments display waves that reflect the sequence of excitation as it moves through the atria and ventricles.
The Cardiovascular Control System
Authors: Milnor William R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A highly organized control system ensures adequate circulation of blood to all parts of the body under a wide variety of external conditions. During physical exertion, for example, cardiac output increases and vascular adjustments direct most of the increment to the exercising muscles. This continuous adaptation of function to physiological needs depends on a communication and control net work that may be divided into four parts for purposes of discussion.
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Oldtown Folks: An Introduction.
Authors: May Henry F 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
I was delighted when in 1964, I was asked by the John Harvard Library to edit a new edition of Oldtown Folks, and I enjoyed my work on it more than any piece of writing and research I have done. For one thing, I had long been interested in post-Edwardsian Calvinism and its theological, psychological, and cultural effects. These form the main subject of the novel. For another, I realized in the course of this work that I enjoy making general points through research on particular subjects more than I do writing general essays. And also I wrote the final version of this piece in oddly delightful circumstances, sitting by a peat fire in a cottage in Western Ireland, while the rain poured down outside. There are two other even more important reasons. One is that in my research on this book, I experienced the thrill of making a genuine if minor discovery. I had been reading the works of the late Edwardsian, ultra-Calvinist theological the ologian, Nathaniel Emmons. I learned that Emmons had played a particularly poignant role in the history of the Beecher family. It occurred to me that “Dr. Stern”, in the novel might well be Emmons.
The Constitution and the Enlightened Consensus
Authors: May Henry F 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
My Enlightenment in America has occasionally been criticized for concentrating on religion rather than on politics. This was a deliberate choice, made in part because the political di¬ visions, theories, and great accomplishments of late nineteenth¬ century Americans had been dealt with so much, their under¬ lying attitudes toward human nature so little. I did not by any means want to ignore politics, but rather to cast some fresh light on that subject by looking first at religion, broadly defined. After all, eighteenth-century theorists nearly always treated moral philosophy first, political philosophy second.
Writing Silence: ‘‘The Yellow Wallpaper’’
Authors: Ammons Elizabeth 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
At best, woman was counted little more than man’s toy among the upper classes, and his bea8t of burden among the lower social elements. In some countries even denied a soul, in none was she supposed to have any particular mental power, nor any need for its development. Harper was thirty-five-years old when Charlotte Perkins was born. Their paths seem not to have crossed, and certainly their perspectives diverged. Harper, an avowed feminist, put race first. Gilman, an unreflecting racist, put gender first. She was exactly the type of white woman whom Harper, as far back as 1869 (when Gilman was nine years old), criticized because of her blindness to the paramount importance of the race issue.
Finding Form: Narrative Geography and The Country of the Pointed Firs
Authors: Ammons Elizabeth 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Sarah Orne Jewett’s is so matrifocal that it is easy to forget that it takes its shape from a myth about a daughter living not in one but in two worlds, one mother-defined, the other male-defined; and in fact it is in the second of these worlds that Persephone, like Jewett’s woman writer, spends most of the year. Mysterious, dark, ruled by a sexually powerful male, it is a world that Persephone gladly escapes each June to join her mother, Demeter, in a region of light and renewal. Some versions of the myth stress masculine violence and brutality as the cause of the daughter’s separation from the mother.
Jumping Out the Window: Nella Larsen’s Passing and the End of an Era
Authors: Ammons Elizabeth 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Certainly there were changes. The passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 conferred on all American women the right to vote for the first time in the nation’s history. The end of World War One brought to a close a period in which thousands of women had held well-paying, traditionally male jobs. Sexual mores relaxed. In terms of literature, a number of new authors emerged: among men, Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Claude McKay, Jean Toomer, Langston Hughes, William Faulkner; among women Anzia Yezierska, Edith Summers Kelley, Nella Larsen, Helen Hull, Zora Neale Hurston.
Final Struggles
Authors: Yarbrough Tinsley E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Their mutual affection and respect notwithstanding, the Harlan-Black jurisprudential differences during their last years on the bench would extend well beyond incorporation and due process. They also parted company on a variety of First Amendment questions, among other issues. And while the absolutist philosophy which Black embraced and Harlan disdained prompted the Alabamian’s continued rejection of all obscenity controls, libel actions, and other “direct” infringements on freedoms the First Amendment guaranteed, Black’s refusal to extend their reach beyond “speech” to demonstrative conduct, or to agree that people were free to express themselves wherever they happened to be, meant, ironically enough, that Justice Harlan at times assumed a more “liberalactivist” stance than his colleague in First Amendment cases.
Introduction
Authors: Coetzee Marilyn Shevin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This book is a study of image and reality, a reassessment of the role of one of Wilhelmine Germany’s most prominent popular nationalist associations, the Deutscher Wehrverein or German Army League. While this study of the Army League explores the rising tide of German militarism before the First World War, it also confronts the equally significant issue of popular political mobilization in the Wilhelmine age. As an extraparliamentary pressure group designed to strengthen the German army and along with it the patriotic fabric of the nation, the Army League competed with the spectrum of preexisting political parties, in particular the National Liberals, for the affection and support of the German public in safeguarding the state from internal subversion (by Socialists, pacifists, and Left Liberals), in sharpening its citizens’ political and national consciousness, and in expanding the nation’s ability to compete with and eventually surpass its European rivals in the realm of foreign politics.
The Founding of the Army League
Authors: Coetzee Marilyn Shevin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Wilhelmine Germans, one might argue, took their army for granted. To some extent, this was to be expected given the army’s historic role as the nation’s first and only line of defense. Periodic setbacks aside, the army somehow always managed to assume its responsibility to the nation and secure the necessary funding to maintain itself. Germans were accustomed to periodic increases in indirect taxes to provide for their army’s upkeep. In 1898, however, the army found its unique position threatened by the building of a German battlefleet. Under the vigilant guidance of Admiral Alfred v. Tirpitz, the navy emerged as a rival to the army.
Brokers and Professionals: The Roles of Lawyers in Ordinary Litigation
Authors: Kritzer Herbert M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Lawyers are intermediaries between the American public and the judiciary, the third independent branch of government in the United States. In this role lawyers find themselves in a love-hate relationship with the citizenry; they are cursed as troublemakers while remaining the dominant choice of the public for key elective positions in the legislative and executive branches of state and national government. In recent years, we have come to know a great deal about the role of lawyers in the operation of the criminal justice system. However, while most people think first about the criminal courts-when they think about the courts at all - a much greater proportion of the resources of our justice system is devoted to processing the noncriminal, or civil, side of the courts’ dockets. We know remarkably little about what lawyers actually do in this larger judicial arena.
Lawyers and Their Clients
Authors: Kritzer Herbert M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The study of the relationship between lawyers and clients has received important attention by social scientists in the last several years. Some studies (e.g., Sarat and Felstiner, 1986, 1988; Berends, 1981) have involved direct observation of lawyer-client interactions; I cannot replicate the detail and richness of those studies, and I will not try. Instead, I will outline those interactions based on the more limited information I have available. I will consider three topics. How the lawyer-client connection is made (i.e., how clients find lawyers, and why lawyers accept cases). The explicitness of the business arrangements that are made between lawyers and their clients, and the form those arrangements take.
Ebenezer Howard and Hard Times
Authors: Buder Stanley 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
For much of the 1880s, Howard remained dissatisfied and restless. Many of his concerns were particular to his own situation and personality, while others were of a more general nature in this decade of depression and social friction. And at least some of these reflected an unhappiness felt by many with the circumstances of daily life in a city becoming a modern sprawling commercial metropolis of great complexity with the resultant human strain. A frequent moving about from one residence to another reflected an inability to find a home within his means that met his expectations. Howard’s disappointments with life in London were doubtlessly shared by others who crowded into Farringdon Hall in February 1893, intent on a social experiment that promised to better their lot.
Determinacy
Authors: Franck Thomas M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
If the factor which determines the compliance pull of rule texts is a matter of degree, what determines the degree to which it is present in any given instance? Or, to ask the same question another way: What observable characteristics of a norm or rule of conduct increase or decrease its legitimacy? It is the pursuit of answers to this question which motivates the rest of this book. One could have approached the social phenomenon of non-coerced obedience directly, through such openings as are afforded by study of myths, game theory, or contractarian notions of social compact. Indeed, each of these lines of inquiry will be pursued, but indirectly, through a unifying concept of rule legitimacy: that is, by approaching dynamic social forces through examination of rules, and rule-making or rule applying processes.