bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sub‐0.6 eV Inverted Metamorphic GaInAs Cells Grown on Inp and GaAs Substrates for Thermophotovoltaics and Laser Power Conversion
Authors: Schulte Kevin L. , Friedman Daniel J. , Dada Titilope , Guthrey Harvey L. , Costa Edgard W. , Tervo Eric J. , France Ryan M. , Geisz John F. , Steiner Myles A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInverted metamorphic Ga0.3In0.7As photovoltaic converters with sub‐0.60 eV bandgaps grown on InP and GaAs are presented. Threading dislocation densities are 1.3 ± 0.6 × 106 and 8.9 ± 1.7 × 106 cm−2 on InP and GaAs, respectively. The devices generate open‐circuit voltages of 0.386 and 0.383 V, respectively, under irradiance producing a short‐circuit current density of ≈10 A cm−2, yielding bandgap‐voltage offsets of 0.20 and 0.21 V. Power and broadband reflectance measurements are used to estimate thermophotovoltaic (TPV) efficiency. The InP‐based cell is estimated to yield 1.09 W cm−2 at 1100 °C versus 0.92 W cm−2 for the GaAs‐based cell, with efficiencies of 16.8 versus 9.2%. The efficiencies of both devices are limited by sub‐bandgap absorption, with power weighted sub‐bandgap reflectances of 81% and 58%, respectively, the majority of which is assumed to occur in the graded buffers. The 1100 °C TPV efficiencies are estimated to increase to 24.0% and 20.7% in structures with the graded buffer removed, if previously demonstrated reflectance is achieved. These devices also have application to laser power conversion in the 2.0–2.3 µm atmospheric window. Peak laser power converter efficiencies of 36.8% and 32.5% are estimated under 2.0 µm irradiances of 1.86 and 2.81 W cm−2, respectively.
Catalyst‐Free Three‐Component Synthesis of α‐Amino Phosphonates
Authors: Soliya Sudha , Kuperkar Ketan , Ashalu Kashamalla Chinna , Naveen Togati 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn efficient and environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of α‐amino phosphonates has been reported using the one‐pot, three‐component reaction of various substituted anilines and benzaldehydes with diethyl phosphite in acetonitrile at 100 °C. The advantages of this method are catalyst‐free and works well with a broad substrate scope of various aromatic anilines and aldehydes containing both electron‐donating and withdrawing groups.
FOXK1 promotes hormonally responsive breast carcinogenesis by suppressing apoptosis
Authors: Zhao Minghui , Ma Tingyao , Zhang Zhaohan , Wang Yu , Wang Xilin , Wang Wenjuan , Chen Xiaohong , Gao Ran , Shan Lin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundGlobally, breast cancer constitutes the predominant malignancy in women. Abnormal regulation of epigenetic factors plays a key role in the development of tumors. Anti‐apoptosis is a characteristic of tumor cells. Therefore, exploring and identifying relevant epigenetic factors that regulate the apoptosis of tumor cells is the foundation for clarifying the pathogenesis of tumors and achieving precision antitumor therapy.MethodThis study focused on exploring the epigenetic mechanism of FOXK1 in the development of estrogen receptor‐positive (ER+) breast cancer. We used overexpressing FLAG‐FOXK1 MCF‐7 cells to perform silver staining mass spectrometry analysis and conducted Co‐IP experiments to verify the interactions. ChIP‐seq was conducted on MCF‐7 cells to examine FOXK1's binding across the genome and its transcriptional target sites. To validate the ChIP‐seq results, qChIP, western blotting, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were performed. Through TUNEL assay, cell counting assay, colony formation assay, and the mouse xenograft models, the effect of FOXK1 on breast cancer progression was detected. Finally, by analyzing online databases, the correlation between FOXK1 and the survival of breast cancer patients was examined.ResultsFOXK1 interacts with the REST/CoREST transcriptional corepression complex to transcriptionally inhibit target genes representing the apoptotic pathway. Abnormally high expression of FOXK1 prevents the apoptosis of ER+ breast cancer cells in vitro and promotes ER+ breast tumor progression in vivo. Furthermore, the expression of FOXK1 is negatively correlated with the survival of ER+ breast cancer patients.ConclusionFOXK1 promotes ER+ breast carcinogenesis through anti‐apoptosis and acts as a potential target for ER+ breast cancer treatment.
Brownian Particle in a Poisson‐Shot‐Noise Active Bath: Exact Statistics, Effective Temperature, and Inference
Authors: Di Bello Costantino , Majumdar Rita , Marathe Rahul , Metzler Ralf , Roldán Édgar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe dynamics of an overdamped Brownian particle in a thermal bath that contains a dilute solution of active particles is studied. The particle moves in a harmonic potential and experiences Poisson shot‐noise kicks with specified amplitude distribution due to moving active particles in the bath. From the Fokker–Planck equation for the particle dynamics, the stationary solution for the displacement distribution is derived along with the moments characterizing mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis, as well as finite‐time first and second moments. An effective temperature is also computed through the fluctuation–dissipation theorem and show that equipartition theorem holds for all zero‐mean kick distributions, including those leading to non‐Gaussian stationary statistics. For the case of Gaussian‐distributed active kicks, a re‐entrant behavior from non‐Gaussian to Gaussian stationary states and a heavy‐tailed leptokurtic distribution across a wide range of parameters are found as seen in recent experimental studies. Further analysis reveals statistical signatures of the irreversible dynamics of the particle displacement in terms of the time asymmetry of cross‐correlation functions. Fruits of the work is the development of an compact inference scheme that may allow experimentalists to extract the rate and moments of underlying shot‐noise solely from the statistics the particle position.
Molecular Engineering Enabling High Initial Coulombic Efficiency and Rubost Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Hard Carbon in Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Sun Yu , Hou Ruilin , Xu Sheng , Zhou Haoshen , Guo Shaohua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHard carbon (HC) as a potential candidate anode for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) suffers from unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE), which limits its commercial applications and urgently requires the emergence of a new strategy. Herein, an organic molecule with two sodium ions, disodium phthalate (DP), was successfully engineered on the HC surface (DP‐HC) to replenish the sodium loss from solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation. A stabilized and ultrathin (≈7.4 nm) SEI was constructed on the DP‐HC surface, which proved to be simultaneously suitable in both ester and ether electrolytes. Compared to pure HC (60.8 %), the as‐designed DP‐HC exhibited a high ICE of >96.3 % in NaPF6 in diglyme (G2) electrolyte, and is capable of servicing consistently for >1600 cycles at 0.5 A g−1. The Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP)|DP‐HC full‐cell with a 98.3 % exceptional ICE can be cycled stably for 450 cycles, demonstrating the tremendous practical application potential of DP‐HC. This work provides a molecular design strategy to improve the ICE of HC, which will inspire more researchers to concentrate on the commercialization progress of HC.
Emerging Light‐Harvesting Materials Based on Organic Photovoltaic D/A Heterojunctions for Efficient Photocatalytic Water Splitting
Authors: Guo Yaxiao , Sun Jiayuan , Guo Tao , Liu Yi , Yao Zhaoyang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhotocatalytic water splitting to hydrogen is a highly promising method to meet the surging energy consumption globally through the environmentally friendly means. As the initial step before photocatalysis, harvesting photons from sunlight is crucially important, thus making the design of photosensitizers with visible even near‐infrared (NIR) absorptions get more and more attentions. In the past three years, organic donor/acceptor (D/A) heterojunctions with absorptions extending to 950 nm, have emerged as the new star light‐harvesting materials for photocatalytic water splitting, demonstrating exciting advantages over inorganic materials in solar light utilization, hydrogen yielding rate, etc. This Minireview firstly gives a brief discussion about the principle processes and determining factors for photocatalytic water splitting with organic photovoltaic D/A heterojunction as photosensitizers. Thereafter, the current progress is summarized in details by introducing typical and excellent D/A heterojunction‐based photocatalytic systems. Finally, not only the great prospects but also the most challenging issues confronted by organic D/A heterojunctions are indicated along with a perspective on the opportunities and new directions for future material explorations.
Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity of the Wells‐Dawson Polyoxometalate P2W12Mo6 Immobilised in Nitrogen and Sulphur‐Doped Carbon Nanomaterials
Authors: Novais Hugo C. , Jarrais Bruno , Mbomekallé Israël‐Martyr , Teillout Anne‐Lucie , de Oliveira Pedro , Freire Cristina , Fernandes Diana M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs the world faces an escalating energy crisis, the necessity of adopting alternative energy sources becomes increasingly evident. Despite challenges, the imperative to prioritise these eco‐friendly alternatives remains paramount in paving the way for a more sustainable and resilient future for our planet and its inhabitants. The pursuit of sustainable energy sources has brought the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) into the spotlight as a crucial cathodic reaction in energy‐converting systems, notably fuel cells (FCs). These FCs hold tremendous promise in providing an eco‐friendly and efficient energy supply. However, the widespread implementation of FCs is hindered by their reliance on expensive and scarce noble metal catalysts, such as platinum (Pt), which pose economic and environmental challenges. Hence, this work reports the preparation, characterisation (FTIR, XPS, SEM and EDX) and application of four composites based on doped‐carbon materials (CM) and on the Wells‐Dawson POM salt K6⋅α‐[P2W12Mo6O62] ⋅ 19H2O (P2W12Mo6@MWCNT_N8, P2W12Mo6@MWCNT_N6, P2W12Mo6@MWCNT_S6, and P2W12Mo6@GF_S6) as ORR electrocatalysts in alkaline medium (pH=13). The successful doping of the carbon materials with nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) and the incorporation of the polyoxometalate were verified through comprehensive structural characterisation. Overall, P2W12Mo6@MWCNT_N8 exhibited favourable onset potentials of 0.84 V vs. RHE, highlighting its high catalytic activity. Additionally, the catalyst showed excellent tolerance to methanol crossover, retaining 91 % of initial current, which is crucial for practical fuel cell applications. Furthermore, the P2W12Mo6@MWCNT_N8 catalyst showed commendable stability, retaining 81 % of its initial current after 36000 seconds at an operating potential of E=0.46 V vs. RHE. These encouraging results denote the significant potential of this electrocatalyst in advancing sustainable energy conversion technologies.
Ceramic compositions for 5G devices containing niobium: A survey
Authors: Muccillo Reginaldo , Muccillo Eliana N. S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe main dielectric properties of several ceramic materials having niobium in their composition, proposed to take part in 5G telecommunication devices, are reviewed. A preliminary basic presentation of 5G systems, the requirements for implementing their use, a concise review of the ceramic compositions containing niobium that have been studied thus far, and an evaluation of their performance are detailed. A survey is presented, including more than 80 different compositions containing niobium, focusing on key parameters, such as dielectric constant, quality factor, temperature coefficient, and sintering temperature. These parameters play a role for assessing the potential application of these ceramics in 5G devices.
Chiral separation of propranolol by electrokinetic chromatography using nanodiamonds and human serum albumin as a pseudo‐stationary phase in river water
Authors: Lanaro Verónica M. , Sombra Lorena L. , Altamirano Jorgelina C. , Almeida César A. , Stege Patricia W. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPropranolol is currently considered as an emerging contaminant in water bodies. In this study, R‐ and S‐propranolol were determined in river samples by electrokinetic chromatography (EKC) using nanodiamonds (NDs) and human serum albumin (HSA) as a pseudo‐stationary phase in order to achieve enantioseparation. Previously, river samples were preconcentrated using a column filled with Amberlite® IR‐120 and Dowex® 50WX8 resins. The setting up of influential factors such as temperature, voltage, pH, and HSA and NDs concentration is accurately described along this manuscript. A multivariate study and optimization was carried out to obtain the enantioseparation of propranolol (Rs = 2.91), which was reached under the following experimental conditions: voltage of 16 kV, temperature of 16°C, phosphate buffer pH 9.5, NDs of 0.20%, and HSA of 15 μmol l−1. The recoveries of analytes under optimal conditions were higher than 98%. The limits of detection were 0.85 μg l−1 for R‐ and S‐propranolol. The method was applied to real samples, and the obtained results in three different water sources studied were 1.02, 0.59, and 0.30 μg l−1 for the R‐enantiomer and 0.99, 0.54, and 0.28 μg l−1 for the S‐enantiomer. The accuracy of the proposed methodology (including bias and precision) has allowed us to propose it as a successful tool for the control of water quality.
Tailoring the Properties of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Plastics to Elastomers via Stereoselective Copolymerizations of rac‐β‐Butyrolactone and β‐Propiolactone
Authors: Zhang Haoran , Qin Jiaojiao , Tang Xiaoyan 
Published: January 2024

Comprehensive SummaryPoly(3‐hydroxybutyrate), a crucial member of the large biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoate family, suffers from its brittleness. To enhance its performance, we employed a straightforward approach involving the ring‐opening copolymerization of racemic‐β‐butyrolactone (rac‐β‐BL) and β‐propiolactone (β‐PL) using the syndio‐selective amino‐alkoxy‐bis(phenolate)‐yttrium complex as a catalyst, thanks to the excellent ductility of poly(3‐hydroxypropionate). Control over the rac‐β‐BL/β‐PL feeding ratios and polymerization time yielded random or block copolymers with tunable thermal and mechanical properties comparable to traditional fossil‐based plastics. Furthermore, we achieved one‐pot synthesis of hard‐soft‐hard triblock copolymers by exploiting monomers’ different copolymerization rates and a bifunctional initiator, thus transforming polyhydroxyalkanoates from hard and tough plastics to soft and ductile thermoplastic elastomers.
Visible‐Light‐Driven Four‐Component Radical Relay Aminocarbonylation of Unactivated Alkenes†
Authors: Lu Bin , Bao Feng‐Shuo , He Zi‐Wei , Xiao Wen‐Jing , Chen Jia‐Rong 
Published: January 2024

Comprehensive SummaryCatalytic four‐component radical carbonylation of unactivated alkenes has recently been recognized as a robust protocol for rapid construction of various structurally diverse carbonyl compounds. Given the significance of fluorine‐containing groups, this reaction class has been extensively applied to assembly of a variety of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid derivatives by transition metal catalysis. Herein, we report a visible‐light‐driven radical relay 1,2‐perfluoroalkylation aminocarbonylation of unactivated alkenes using CO gas as carbonyl source and 4CzIPN as organic photocatalyst. A wide range of alkenes and amines were well tolerated, providing the valuable β‐perfluoroalkylated amides with generally good yields and high chemoselectivity.
Navigating the economic challenges in childhood cancer control in low‐ and middle‐income countries: Insights from the CC‐BRIDGE tool and the global initiative for childhood cancer
Authors: Fuentes‐Alabi Soad 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe increasing incidence of childhood cancer in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) presents significant economic and logistical challenges, affecting health care provision and equitable treatment access. This editorial explores the economic barriers to pediatric oncology care in LMICs, highlighting resource scarcity, socioeconomic inequities, and health care complexities. It emphasizes the need for detailed cost analysis within health systems complicated by inadequate data and variable treatment protocols. Central to the discussion is the "Childhood Cancers Budgeting Rapidly to Incorporate Disadvantaged Groups for Equity (CC‐BRIDGE) Tool" from the manuscript by Nancy Bolous et al., who proposed an innovative method to estimate the cost of integrating childhood cancer services into National Cancer Control Plans. This tool aligns with the World Health Organization's Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer to enhance survival rates and advocate for universal health coverage in pediatric oncology. The CC‐BRIDGE tool's methodological rigor provides a structured framework for cost analysis. Yet, it is recognized as an initial step requiring further enhancements for comprehensive economic forecasting and societal cost assessments. In conclusion, the editorial highlights the tool's critical role in incorporating childhood cancer care into national strategies in LMICs, contributing to the broader fight against cancer and advocating for comprehensive, equitable health care. It signifies a vital stride toward addressing pediatric oncology's economic challenges and supporting universal health coverage for childhood cancer care.
Effect of Frequency and Temperature on Dielectric and Transport Properties of CaO stabilized ZrO2@mullite composites
Authors: Biswal Bijaylaxmi , Mishra Dilip Kumar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study concerns the synthesis and structure related electrical property analysis of CaO doped ZrO2@mullite composites. Two synthesis techniques (solid state reaction route and thermal plasma sintering) are used which results the formation of a composite consisting of mixed phase of orthorhombic mullite, tetragonal and monoclinic zirconia. The lattice parameters, residual strains, average crystallite size and cell volume of these CaO‐doped ZrO2@mullite composites are obtained from XRD analysis. Stabilization of t‐ZrO2 phase at room temperature is confirmed. Porous microstructure observed in SEM images results in low dielectric constant value of these composites. At room temperature and selected frequency of 1MHz, the dielectric constant and loss factor of 4.7 and 3.826 × 10−2 is observed for conventional CaO stabilized ZrO2@mullite composite and that of 3.8 and 2.19 × 10−2 is reported for plasma sintered CaO stabilized ZrO2@mullite composite. The impedance spectroscopic analysis demonstrates the negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) behavior and non‐Debye type relaxation behavior of both the CaO stabilized ZrO2@mullite composites. A negligible effect of electrode polarization is realized in these composites. The electronic band gap of conventional and plasma sintered CaO stabilized ZrO2@mullite composites is found to be around 3eV.
Carbon performance and financial debt: Effect of formal and informal institutions
Authors: Ferreras Adrián , Castro Paula , Tascón María T. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractClimate change has led to a transformation of the economy, with institutions such as the European Commission pushing for decarbonization. Using a sample of 4607 European‐listed firms from 2005 to 2019, we find evidence that political and financial factors moderate the relationship between carbon performance and financial debt. Environmentally responsible firms operating in countries with better democratic values, associated with higher degrees of freedom and law enforcement, are favored with more access to debt. Similarly, better carbon performers obtain more debt in countries with concentrated banking markets, greater financial stability, and lower government debt. Furthermore, the cultural factors uncertainty avoidance and long‐term orientation moderate the relationship between carbon performance and financial debt, as well as the effect of political and financial institutions on this relationship. These results show the relevant role formal and informal institutions play in facilitating the decarbonization of firms, as well as the importance of coordinating European policies.
Positive and Negative Social Consequences of Participating in a Sexual‐Network Study
Authors: Spahnie Morgan , Matthews Amiah , Kiss Dale , Ricks JaNelle , Miller William , Turner Abigail Norris 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTAssessment of risks and benefits of study participation is standard practice preceding the initiation of human subjects research. Although tracking adverse events during research participation is routine, collecting information from participants about what they perceive as benefits is less common. We longitudinally tracked social risks and benefits of participation among a cohort of 241 men who have sex with men participating in a sexual health study to improve participants' experiences and enhance understanding of participant motivations to enroll and attend follow‐up. Of the participants who returned for at least one follow‐up visit (n = 217, 90%), most (n = 185, 85%) reported positive consequences resulting from participation. Reporting of negative social consequences was rare, and all concerned a stigmatized reaction from someone learning about the participant's involvement in a sexual health study. Better identification of both positive and negative consequences resulting from research participation may improve how researchers design, recruit, and conduct research.
Moving to the Middle Ground: Redefining Genomic Utility to Expand Understanding of Familial Benefit
Authors: Brothers Kyle B. , Cooper Greg M. , McNamara Katelyn C. , Lemke Amy A. , Timmons Josie , Rich Carla A. , Cadigan R. Jean , Ponsaran Roselle S. , Goldenberg Aaron J. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTTranslational research has tended to ignore the question of whether receiving a genomic diagnosis provides utility in community care contexts outside of doctors' offices and hospitals. However, empirical research with parents has highlighted numerous ways that a genomic diagnosis might be of practical value in the care provided by teachers, physical or occupational therapists, speech‐language pathologists, behavior analysts, and nonphysician mental health providers. In this essay, we propose a new conceptual model of genomic utility that offers the opportunity to better capture a broad range of potential implications of genomic technologies for families in various social and organizational systems. We explore crucial research directions to better understand how redefined utility might affect families and nonphysician professionals.