bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incorporating art into a biology course: a student-curated art exhibition about COVID-19
Authors: Wessner David R. , Newman Lia Rose , Pascucci Marisa J. , Tsudis Nella 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Incorporating art into science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) courses can be an effective way to help students understand scientific concepts and think about those concepts more holistically. Additionally, art can be used to inform the public about scientific issues. To explore this topic more fully, we developed an assignment for an upper-level biology course in which students curated an art exhibition focused on the 2019 coronavirus disease, COVID-19. Working in pairs, students identified pieces of art in the College’s permanent collection that they felt related to some aspect of the pandemic. Each pair wrote a short curator’s statement and a more traditional academic essay. The works of art and the curator’s statements were displayed on campus. Visitors to the exhibition were invited to complete a short survey about the exhibition and its relevance to COVID-19. Anecdotal evidence suggests that the students enjoyed and valued the assignment. Limited data from visitors to the exhibition show that they thought the art helped them think more deeply about the pandemic. Based on these results, we conclude that the development of art exhibitions in STEM courses can benefit the students and the public.
Male adolescent with cardiac rupture after blunt thoracic trauma
Authors: Yeh Lin-Lin Yessica , Haak Timo , ten Hove F Laura , Rhemrev Steven J 
Published: January 2024

Blunt cardiac injury, including a rupture of the atria or ventricle, is most commonly caused by motor vehicle collisions and falls from great heights. A rupture of a cardiac chamber is an extremely rare diagnosis with a high mortality rate. The best chance at survival can only be accomplished with timely intervention.To raise awareness of this potentially life-threatening injury, we describe the case of a male adolescent with cardiac rupture after blunt thoracic trauma. While the focused assessment with sonography in trauma (FAST) examination was negative, an additional CT showed pericardial effusion. During the operation a rupture of the right ventricle was observed.Even though the physical recovery of our patient is remarkable, the traumatic event still affects his mental well-being and activities in daily life. This case emphasises the need of a multidisciplinary approach to achieve the best possible physical and psychological recovery in multitrauma patients.
Vesical fungal bezoars on post-TURBT scar tissue causing obstruction and mimicking urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Tsikopoulos Ioannis , Papadopoulos Dimitrios Ioannis , Anastasiou Dimitrios , Karatzas Anastasios 
Published: January 2024

Fungal bezoars (fungal balls) are rarely reported in the upper or lower urinary tract. They can be the cause of severe morbidities such as urinary tract obstruction, renal failure and fungaemia. Hereby, we present a rare case of a male patient who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT), and during his postoperative period, he was diagnosed with bladder fungal bezoars adherent to his resection area. The fungal bezoars were covering an extended area of the right lateral bladder wall, including the right ureteric orifice and causing right urinary tract obstruction. Those findings were manifested only after a relooked cystoscopy and histological evaluation.We aim to present a rare example of fungal bezoars mimicking other pathologies in the urinary tract and review the current literature for similar documentation. We underline the necessity of follow-up examinations for urologists performing TURBT surgeries, including urinalysis, imaging modalities and cystoscopy.
Continuous intrafemoral artery infusion of urokinase improves diabetic foot ulcers healing and decreases cardiovascular events in a long-term follow-up study
Authors: Tong Jiayue , Zhang Junxia , Xiang Lin , Li Shuguang , Xu Jinling , Zhu Guangping , Dong Jing , Cheng Yangyang , Ren Hujun , Liu Min , Yue Ling , Xiang Guangda 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionDiabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a disabling complication of diabetes mellitus. Here, we attempted to assess whether long-term intrafemoral artery infusion of low-dose urokinase therapy improved DFUs and decreased cardiovascular events in patients with DFUs.Research design and methodsThis trial was a single-center, randomized, parallel study. A total of 195 patients with DFU were randomized to continuous intrafemoral thrombolysis or conventional therapy groups. The continuous intrafemoral thrombolysis group received continuous intrafemoral urokinase injection for 7 days, and conventional therapy just received wound debridement and dressing change. Then, a follow-up of average 6.5 years was performed.ResultsCompared with conventional therapy, at the first 1 month of intervention stage, the ulcers achieved a significant improvement in continuous intrafemoral thrombolysis group including a complete closure (72.4% vs 17.5%), an improved ulcer (27.6% vs 25.8%), unchanged or impaired ulcer (0% vs 56.7%). During the 6.5-year follow-up, for the primary outcome of ulcer closure rate, continuous intrafemoral thrombolysis therapy obtained a better complete healing rate (HR 3.42 (95% CI 2.35 to 4.98, p<0.0001)). For the secondary outcome of cardiovascular disease events, continuous intrafemoral thrombolysis therapy had a lower incidence of cardiovascular events (HR 0.50 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.74, p<0.0001)). Importantly, intrafemoral thrombolysis therapy decreased the incidence of cardiovascular death (HR 0.42 (95%CI 0.20 to 0.89, p=0.0241)).Additionally, continuous intrafemoral thrombolysis therapy improved local skin oxygenation and peripheral neuropathy as well as glycolipid metabolic profiles when compared with conventional therapy group (p<0.05).ConclusionsContinuous intrafemoral thrombolysis therapy has a better therapeutic efficacy to improve DFUs and decrease cardiovascular events.Trial registration numberNCT01108120.
Use of removable support boot versus cast for early mobilisation after ankle fracture surgery: cost-effectiveness analysis and qualitative findings of the Ankle Recovery Trial (ART)
Authors: Baji Petra , Barbosa Estela C , Heaslip Vanessa , Sangar Bob , Tbaily Lee , Martin Rachel , Docherty Sharon , Allen Helen , Hayward Christopher , Marques Elsa M R 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesTo estimate the cost-effectiveness of using a removable boot versus a cast following ankle fracture from the National Health Service and Personal Social Services (NHS+PSS) payer and societal perspectives and explore the impact of both treatments on participants’ activities of daily living.DesignCost-effectiveness analyses and qualitative interviews performed alongside a pragmatic multicentre randomised controlled trial.SettingEight UK NHS secondary care trusts.Participants243 participants (60.5% female, on average 48.2 years of age (SD 16.4)) with ankle fracture. Qualitative interviews with 16 participants. Interventions removable air boot versus plaster cast 2 weeks after surgery weight bearing as able with group-specific exercises.Primary and secondary outcome measuresQuality-adjusted life years (QALYs) estimated from the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire, costs and incremental net monetary benefit statistics measured 12 weeks after surgery, for a society willing-to-pay £20 000 per QALY.ResultsCare in the boot group cost, on average, £88 (95% CI £22 to £155) per patient more than in the plaster group from the NHS+PSS perspective. When including all societal costs, the boot saved, on average, £676 per patient (95% CI −£337 to £1689). Although there was no evidence of a QALY difference between the groups (−0.0020 (95% CI −0.0067 to 0.0026)), the qualitative findings suggest participants felt the boot enhanced their quality of life. Patients in the boot felt more independent and empowered to take on family responsibilities and social activities.ConclusionsWhile the removable boot is slightly more expensive than plaster cast for the NHS+PSS payer at 12 weeks after surgery, it reduces productivity losses and the need for informal care while empowering patients. Given that differences in QALYs and costs to the NHS are small, the decision to use a boot or plaster following ankle surgery could be left to patients’ and clinicians’ preferences.Trial registration numberISRCTN15497399, South Central—Hampshire A Research Ethics Committee (reference 14/SC/1409).
Is health expenditure on immunisation associated with immunisation coverage in sub-Saharan Africa? A multicountry analysis, 2013–2017
Authors: Idris Israel Oluwaseyidayo , Ouma Luke , Tapkigen Janet , Ayomoh Francis Ifeanyi , Ayeni Gabriel Omoniyi 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesThe designing of contextually tailored sustainable plans to finance the procurement of vaccines and the running of appropriate immunisation programmes are necessary to address the high burden of vaccine-preventable diseases and low immunisation coverage in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We sought to estimate the minimum fraction of a country’s health budget that should be invested in national immunisation programmes to achieve national immunisation coverage of 80% or greater depending on the context, with and without donors’ support.DesignMulticountry analysis of secondary data using retrieved publicly available data from the WHO, Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) and World Bank databases.SettingData on 24 SSA countries, between 2013 and 2017.MethodsWe model the variations in immunisation coverage across the different SSA countries using a fractional logit model. Three different generalised linear models were fitted to explore how various explanatory variables accounted for the variability in each of the three different vaccines—measles-containing vaccine (MCV)1, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus (DPT3) and BCG.ResultsWe observed an association between current health expenditure (as a percentage of gross domestic product) and immunisation coverage for BCG (OR=1.01, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.04, p=0.008) and DPT3 (OR=1.01, 95% CI: 1.0 to 1.02, p=0.020) vaccines. However, there was no evidence to indicate that health expenditure on immunisation (as a proportion of current health expenditure) could be a strong predictor of immunisation coverage (DPT, OR 0.96 (95% CI 0.78 to 1.19; p=0.702); BCG, OR 0.91 (0.69 to 1.19; p=0.492); MCV, OR 0.91 (0.69 to 1.19; p=0.482)). We demonstrate in selected countries that to achieve the GAVI target of 80% in the countries with low DPT3 coverage, health expenditure would need to be increased by more than 45%.ConclusionsThere is a need to facilitate the development of strategies that support African countries to increase domestic financing for national immunisation programmes towards achieving 2030 targets for immunisation coverage.
Persons diagnosed with COVID-19 in England in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD): a cohort description
Authors: Andersen Kathleen M , McGrath Leah J , Reimbaeva Maya , Mendes Diana , Nguyen Jennifer L , Rai Kiran K , Tritton Theo , Tsang Carmen , Malhotra Deepa , Yang Jingyan 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveTo create case definitions for confirmed COVID-19 diagnoses, COVID-19 vaccination status and three separate definitions of high risk of severe COVID-19, as well as to assess whether the implementation of these definitions in a cohort reflected the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 epidemiology in England.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingElectronic healthcare records from primary care (Clinical Practice Research Datalink, CPRD) linked to secondary care data (Hospital Episode Statistics) data covering 24% of the population in England.Participants2 271 072 persons aged 1 year and older diagnosed with COVID-19 in CPRD Aurum between 1 August 2020 and 31 January 2022.Main outcome measuresAge, sex and regional distribution of COVID-19 cases and COVID-19 vaccine doses received prior to diagnosis were assessed separately for the cohorts of cases identified in primary care and those hospitalised for COVID-19 (primary diagnosis code of ICD-10 U07.1 ‘COVID-19’). Smoking status, body mass index and Charlson Comorbidity Index were compared for the two cohorts, as well as for three separate definitions of high risk of severe disease used in the UK (National Health Service Highest Risk, PANORAMIC trial eligibility, UK Health Security Agency Clinical Risk prioritisation for vaccination).ResultsCompared with national estimates, CPRD case estimates under-represented older adults in both the primary care (age 65–84: 6% in CPRD vs 9% nationally) and hospitalised (31% vs 40%) cohorts, and over-represented people living in regions with the highest median wealth areas of England (20% primary care and 20% hospital admitted cases in South East vs 15% nationally). The majority of non-hospitalised cases and all hospitalised cases had not completed primary series vaccination. In primary care, persons meeting high-risk definitions were older, more often smokers, overweight or obese, and had higher Charlson Comorbidity Index score.ConclusionsCPRD primary care data are a robust real-world data source and can be used for some COVID-19 research questions, however, limitations of the data availability should be carefully considered. Included in this publication are supplemental files for a total of over 28 000 codes to define each of three definitions of high risk of severe disease.
IMPAACT: IMproving the PArticipAtion of older people in policy decision-making on common health CondiTions – a study protocol
Authors: Ambagtsheer Rachel C , Hurley Catherine J , Lawless Michael , Braunack-Mayer Annette , Visvanathan Renuka , Beilby Justin , Stewart Simon , Cornell Victoria , Leach Matthew J , Taylor Danielle , Thompson Mark , Dent Elsa , Whiteway Lyn , Archibald Mandy , O'Rourke Hannah M , Williams Kathy , Chudecka Agnieszka 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionRapid population ageing is a demographic trend being experienced and documented worldwide. While increased health screening and assessment may help mitigate the burden of illness in older people, issues such as misdiagnosis may affect access to interventions. This study aims to elicit the values and preferences of evidence-informed older people living in the community on early screening for common health conditions (cardiovascular disease, diabetes, dementia and frailty). The study will proceed in three Phases: (1) generating recommendations of older people through a series of Citizens’ Juries; (2) obtaining feedback from a diverse range of stakeholder groups on the jury findings; and (3) co-designing a set of Knowledge Translation resources to facilitate implementation into research, policy and practice. Conditions were chosen to reflect common health conditions characterised by increasing prevalence with age, but which have been underexamined through a Citizens’ Jury methodology.Methods and analysisThis study will be conducted in three Phases—(1) Citizens’ Juries, (2) Policy Roundtables and (3) Production of Knowledge Translation resources. First, older people aged 50+ (n=80), including those from traditionally hard-to-reach and diverse groups, will be purposively recruited to four Citizen Juries. Second, representatives from a range of key stakeholder groups, including consumers and carers, health and aged care policymakers, general practitioners, practice nurses, geriatricians, allied health practitioners, pharmaceutical companies, private health insurers and community and aged care providers (n=40) will be purposively recruited for two Policy Roundtables. Finally, two researchers and six purposively recruited consumers will co-design Knowledge Translation resources. Thematic analysis will be performed on documentation and transcripts.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained through the Torrens University Human Research Ethics Committee. Participants will give written informed consent. Findings will be disseminated through development of a policy brief and lay summary, peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and seminars.
Evaluating the performance of a novel anthropometric index: weight adjusted for waist-to-height ratio (W-WHR) – for predicting cardiometabolic risk among adults in Addis Ababa
Authors: Gebremedhin Samson , Bekele Tilahu 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveVarious anthropometric indices had been proposed to predict cardiometabolic risk, yet few were validated in the African population. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of a novel anthropometric index—weight adjusted for waist-to-height ratio (W-WHR)—as a predictor of cardiometabolic risk among adults 18–64 years in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; and compared its performance with other indices commonly used in the literature.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingCommunity-based study in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.ParticipantsRandomly selected adults (n=600) completed serum lipid, blood pressure, blood glucose and anthropometric measurements.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcomes of interest were dyslipidaemia, hypertension and hyperglycaemia. Having at least one of the three outcomes was considered as a secondary outcome. Receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) used to measure the diagnostic accuracy of W-WHR and another 13 indices for predicting the primary and secondary outcomes. Optimal thresholds were determined using Youden’s index.ResultsW-WHR demonstrated an acceptable diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve (AUC), 95% CI) for correctly classifying dyslipidaemia (0.80, 0.76 to 0.84), hypertension (0.74, 0.70 to 0.78), hyperglycaemia (0.76, 0.70 to 0.82) and the secondary outcome of interest (0.79, 0.75 to 0.83). Depending on the outcomes, thresholds between 32.6 and 36.7 concurrently maximised sensitivity and specificity of the index. ROC analysis indicated, W-WHR (AUC=0.80), abdominal volume index (AVI) (AUC=0.78) and waist circumference (WC) (AUC=0.78) for dyslipidaemia; W-WHR (AUC=0.74) and WC (AUC=0.74) for hypertension; and waist-to-height ratio (AUC=0.80) and body roundness index (AUC=0.80) for hyperglycaemia, had the highest diagnostic accuracy. Likewise, W-WHR (AUC=0.79), AVI (AUC=0.78) and WC (AUC=0.78) had better performance for the secondary outcome. Most indices have better utility among younger than older adults, and per cent body fat had the highest diagnostic accuracy among women (AUC 0.74–0.83).ConclusionW-WHR is a useful index for predicting cardiometabolic risk, especially among young adults.
Determining the feasibility of a codesigned and personalised intervention (Veg4Me) to improve vegetable intake in young adults living in rural Australian communities: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Livingstone Katherine M , Rawstorn Jonathan C , Partridge Stephanie R , Zhang Yuxin , O Eric , Godrich Stephanie L , McNaughton Sarah A , Hendrie Gilly A , Dullaghan Kate , Abbott Gavin , Blekkenhorst Lauren C , Maddison Ralph , Barnett Scott , Mathers John C , Alston Laura 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionDiets low in vegetables are a main contributor to the health burden experienced by young adults in rural communities. Digital health interventions provide an accessible delivery model that can be personalised to meet the diverse preferences of young adults. A personalisable digital vegetable intake intervention (Veg4Me) was codesigned to meet the needs of young adults living in rural communities. This study will determine the feasibility of delivering a personalised Veg4Me programme and compare preliminary effects with a non-personalised Veg4Me (control).Methods and analysisA 12-week assessor-blinded, two-arm, parallel randomised controlled trial will be undertaken from August 2023 until April 2024. A total of 150 eligible and consenting young adults (18–35 years; eat<5 serves of vegetables/day; have an internet connected mobile device/computer) living in Loddon Campaspe or Colac Otway Shire in Victoria, Australia, will be randomised to receive 12 weeks of personalised (intervention) or non-personalised (control) support to increase vegetable intake via a free web application (app; Veg4Me). The primary outcome is feasibility (recruitment, participation and retention rates). Secondary outcomes are user engagement, usability and experience, as well as vegetable intake, eating habits and digital health equity. Process evaluation will be conducted in a subsample of participants using semistructured interviews. Descriptive statistics will be presented for the personalised and non-personalised groups at baseline and 12 weeks. Generalised linear models will be used to evaluate group differences in outcomes. Interviews will be transcribed and analysed thematically.Ethics and disseminationAll procedures involving human subjects were approved by Deakin University’s Human Ethics Advisory Group—Health (HEAG-H 06_2023) on 6 March 2023. Dissemination events will be held in the City of Greater Bendigo and the Colac Otway Shire. Summaries of the results will be disseminated to participants via email. Results will be disseminated to the scientific community through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.Trial registration numberAustralia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12623000179639p, prospectively registered on 21 February 2023, according to the World Health Organizational Trial Registration Data Set. Universal Trial Number U1111-1284-9027.
Cohort profile: The Scottish SHARE Mental Health (SHARE-MH) cohort – linkable survey, genetic and routinely collected data for mental health research
Authors: Iveson Matthew Henry , Ball Emily L , Doherty Jason , Pugh Carys , Vashishta Shobna , Palmer Colin N A , McIntosh Andrew 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe SHARE Mental Health (SHARE-MH) cohort was established to address the paucity of clinical and genetic data available for mental health research. The cohort brings together detailed mental health questionnaire responses, routinely collected electronic health data and genetic data to provide researchers with an unprecedented linkable dataset. This combination of data sources allows researchers to track mental health longitudinally, across multiple settings. It will be of interest to researchers investigating the genetic and environmental determinants of mental health, the experiences of those interacting with healthcare services, and the overlap between self-reported and clinically derived mental health outcomes.ParticipantsThe cohort consists of individuals sampled from the Scottish Health Research Register (SHARE). To register for SHARE, individuals had to be over the age of 16 years and living in Scotland. Cohort participants were recruited by email and invited to take part in an online mental health survey. When signing up for SHARE, participants also provided written consent to the use of their electronic health records and genetic data—derived from spare blood samples—for research purposes.Findings to dateFrom 5 February 2021 to 27 November 2021, 9829 individuals completed a survey of various mental health topics, capturing information on symptoms, diagnoses, impact and treatment. Survey responses have been made linkable to electronic health records and genetic data using a single patient identifier. Linked data have been used to describe the cohort in terms of their demographics, self-reported mental health, inpatient and outpatient hospitalisations and dispensed prescriptions.Future plansThe cohort will be improved through linkage to a broader variety of routinely collected data and to increasing amounts of genetic data obtained through blood sample diversion. We see the SHARE-MH cohort being used to drive forward novel areas of mental health research and to contribute to global efforts in psychiatric genetics.