bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of periodontal pathogens in the patients with aortic aneurysm
Authors: Ding Fang , Lyu Yalin , Han Xiao , Zhang Hai , Liu Dongyu , Hei Wei , Liu Yinhua 
Published: January 2024

Background
The occurrence and development of aortic aneurysm (AA) are associated with infection. Some researchers have detected the DNA of periodontal pathogens in AA samples in certain populations. However, it has not been done in Chinese population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of periodontal pathogens in oral tissue samples and aneurysm samples of AA patients.

Methods
Eighty-nine subjects with AA and 59 subjects without AA were examined. Periodontal clinical parameters were evaluated. Unstimulated saliva and subgingival plaque samples were collected from all subjects. Twenty-six dissected AA samples were obtained. Evidence of eight periodontal pathogens including Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Tannerella forsythensis (Tf), Treponema denticola (Td), Campylobacter rectus (Cr), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), and Prevotella nigrescens (Pn) was ascertained in all samples by 16S rRNA-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.

Results
The periodontal indexes including plaque index (PLI), probing depth (PD), bleeding index (BI), and clinical attachment loss (CAL), of the six Ramfjord index teeth were significantly higher in the AA group than those in the control group (P <0.01). Eight periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaque samples were more frequently detected in the AA group than in control group. The difference in prevalence between the groups was significant for six (out of eight) periodontal pathogens assayed (Pg, Pi, Fn, Pn, Tf, and Td, P <0.01). Additionally, all eight periodontal pathogens were more frequently detected in saliva samples of the AA group than in those of the control group, again with six (out of eight) (Pg, Pi, Fn, Cr, Tf, and Td) displaying significant differences in prevalence between the two groups (P <0.01). Out of 26 aneurysm samples examined, Pg, Pi, Fn, Cr and Tf were detected in 6 (23.1%), 2 (7.7%), 3 (11.5%), 1 (3.8%), 2 (7.7%), respectively, and Aa, Pn, and Td were not detected in dissected aneurysm samples.

Conclusion
Results of this study suggested that periodontal infection is associated with the occurrence of AA.
Iodine deficiency up-regulates monocarboxylate transporter 8 expression of mouse thyroid gland
Authors: Hu Zhimei , Zhuo Xiaohua , Shi Yanan , Liu Xin , Yuan Jihong , Li Lanying , Sun Yina 
Published: January 2024

Background
Iodine deficiency is a major factor affecting thyroid auto-regulation, the quantity of iodine may greatly influence the synthesis of thyroid hormones (THs). It has long been believed that TH enters the cell through passive diffusion. Recent studies have suggested that several transporters could facilitate transportation of TH. The monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) was identified as a very active and specific TH transporter. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether iodine insufficient affected the expression of MCT8 in the thyroid gland.

Methods
Sixty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two groups: control group was fed with standard feed (iodine concentration of 300 μg/kg); while low-iodine (LI) group received iodine-insufficient feed (iodine concentration of 20-40 μg/kg). After 3 months, 10 mice of each group were sacrificed. The remaining 20 mice of each group were kept till 6 months. From the LI group, we randomly selected 15 mice and injected triiodothyronine (T3, 100 μg/kg body weight per day) intraperitoneally for 24, 48 or 72 hours (5 mice for each time-point). Then, all the mice were sacrificed. Mouse serum thyroxine (T4), T3, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were determined by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CIA). The protein content or messenger RNA (mRNA) level of thyroid MCT8 was measured by Western blotting analysis or real time RT-PCR respectively. MCT8 subcellular location in thyroid tissues was probed with immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay.

Results
We found that mouse serum T3 and T4 levels decreased and TSH level increased by the end of the third month. Consistent with these findings, there was significant goiter and hypothyroidism in the LI group. Meanwhile, the MCT8 mRNA increased to 1.36-fold of the level in the control group at the 3rd month. At 6th month, the serum T4 level in LI mice remained at a lower level, and MCT8 mRNA expression continued rising to nearly 1.60-fold compared with the control group. The protein content was also about 3 times higher than that in the control group. IHC results also revealed MCT8 was of higher expression and localized in the cytoplasm of thyroid follicular cells. After providing exogenous T3 to iodine deficient mice, the serum T3 and T4 gradually increased, whereas MCT8 mRNA and protein both started to decrease and returned to the same level as the control group.

Conclusion
There is a compensatory increase in thyroid MCT8 expression to enhance its capability to transport TH from thyroid to the blood circulation in iodine deficient mice.
Investigation of drugs responsible for perioperative anaphylactic reactions using cellular allergen stimulation test
Authors: Xin Xin , Zou Yi , Xing Lijiao , Yin Jia , Gu Jianqing , Wang Zixi , Huang Yuguang , Zhao Jing 
Published: January 2024

Background
Anaphylactic reactions during anesthesia and operation are common and life threatening. Follow-up investigation is necessary for avoiding potential re-exposure of the patients to the offending drugs. The purpose of this study was to assess cellular allergen stimulation test (CAST) as a diagnostic instrument in immunoglobulin E (IgE)- and non-IgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions.

Methods
This study included 25 patients who developed perioperative anaphylactic reactions and 10 subjects that tolerated anesthetics and other drugs during perioperative period from September 2009 to October 2013 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. We performed skin tests and flow cytometric analysis of basophil activation-based CAST in all subjects.

Results
Of the 25 patients, 17 had IgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions (causative agent identified by skin tests) and 8 had non-IgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions (negative skin tests). CAST showed a sensitivity of 42.9%, specificity of 90%, and negative predictive value of 80.6% for neuromuscular blocking agents.

Conclusions
CAST may be useful for the diagnosis of anaphylactic reactions during perioperative period. Our findings call for further investigation to increase the sensitivity of the test.
Rejection of insulin therapy among patients with type 2 diabetes in China: reasons and recommendations
Authors: Zhenzhen Xiong , Li Yuan , Xiaohui Guo , Qingqing Lou , Fang Zhao , Li Shen , Mingxia Zhang , Zilin Sun 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundInsulin injection therapy is one of the most effective treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Many people with T2DM in western countries resist starting insulin therapy; whether the same is true in China is unknown. This survey-based study assessed acceptance and rejection of insulin therapy among individuals with T2DM in China and self-reported reasons for these therapy choices. It also examined what methods may be useful for increasing the rate of insulin acceptance.MethodsA multi-center, cross-sectional survey was conducted between April and July 2010 to a convenience sample of inpatients and outpatients at 50 medical centers across 29 administrative divisions in China. Data were collected on sociodemographic and T2DM characteristics, therapy regime, and attitudes toward insulin therapy.ResultsA total of 6 043 patients were surveyed, and 5 961 complete questionnaires (98.6%) were used in the analysis. Just over half the respondents (3 460, 58.0%) reported negative attitudes to insulin therapy, including 2 508 of the 4 469 patients (56.1%) whose physicians had recommended it to them. Of the patients counseled to use insulin, 800 (17.9%) were unwilling to start therapy and cited the following reasons: inconvenience (64.3%); concerns over addiction (24.6%); pain (14.3%); side effects (14.1%); and high cost (13.6%). Logistic regression suggested that respondents would be more willing to undertake insulin therapy if they had received diabetes education, had positive attitudes to the treatment, had higher glycosylated hemoglobin level, or had suffered diabetes for a longer period or with more complications.ConclusionsPatients with T2DM in China are often resistant to insulin therapy if they have been diagnosed with the disease for a relatively short time or if the disease has been relatively mild. Educating patients on the benefits of insulin therapy, not only at the initial diagnosis with T2DM but also when insulin therapy becomes necessary, will likely increase their willingness to undertake it.
Evaluation with low-dose dual-phase helical computed tomography of patients with thyroid lesions
Authors: Li Lin , Wang Yong , Zhao Yanfeng , Zou Shuangmei , Lin Meng , Yu Xiaoduo , Tang Wei , Zhou Chunwu , Luo Dehong 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe incidence of thyroid cancer has been increasing. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose dualphase helical computed tomography (CT) in the characterization of thyroid lesions, and to discuss the relationship between image characteristics and their pathology.MethodsOne hundred and six patients with thyroid lesions underwent low-dose dual-phase helical CT after the injection of contrast material. CT scans were obtained at arterial and venous phase with delays of 25 and 65 seconds, and tube current of 60 and 120 mA, respectively. The attenuation change in the lesion between the arterial and venous phase was analyzed and categorized as “increased,” “decreased,” “mixed” or “no change.”ResultsHistopathologic diagnosis was obtained by surgery in 106 patients (115 lesions). Of the 106 patients, 45 had nodular goiter, 5 thyroid adenoma, 6 thyroiditis, and 50 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) (59 lesions). The attenuation value showed a significant difference (P<0.05) between the arterial and venous phase for the high attenuation area. There was statistical significant difference in terms of attenuation value in high attenuation areas at both phases and in low attenuation areas on arterial phase between nodular goiter and PTC (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in attenuation value between adenoma and PTC. Twenty-nine cases (76.3%) of goiter manifested mixed type, 3 cases (3/5) of adenoma showed decreased type, 6 cases (6/6) of thyroiditis showed increased type, and 55 cases (93.2%) of PTC showed decreased type attenuation. The sensitivity, specificity for thyroid carcinoma by dual-phase CT were 94.9% and 80.4% respectively. The overall diagnostic accuracy for thyroid lesions by dual-phase CT was 87.8%.ConclusionsThe performance of dual-phase helical CT is related to the pathological structure of the lesions. The analysis of enhancement patterns by using dual-phase helical CT will be helpful in the differential diagnosis of thyroid lesions.
Comparison between two types of “Scheuermann disease-like people”: thoracolumbar disc herniation patients and healthy volunteers with radiological signs of Scheuermann's disease
Authors: Guo Xinhu , Chen Zhongqiang , Liu Ning , Guo Zhaoqing , Qi Qiang , Li Weishi , Zeng Yan , Sun Chuiguo 
Published: January 2024

Background
Scheuermann's disease (SD) is a spinal disorder and includes both a classic form and an atypical form. Interestingly, its existence among the general population as well as the disc disease patients is common. One of our previous studies showed that about 18% of the hospital staff members meet the SD criteria. On the other hand, another study has demonstrated that 95.2% of the symptomatic thoracolumbar disc herniation (STLDH) patients meet the SD criteria, which suggests that STLDH is very likely a special form of SD. The purpose of this study was to discriminate the factors contributing to the development of STLDH by comparing STLDH patients with the healthy SD-like hospital staff members.

Methods
This is a retrospective study including 33 STLDH patients who met the SD criteria and 30 SD-like hospital staff members. The STLDH group was chosen from a group of patients who underwent surgery after a diagnosis of STLDH (T10/11-L1/2) at our hospital between June 2007 and June 2010. SD-like hospital staff members were chosen from a database created in 2007, which contained a lumbar MR and low back pain (LBP) questionnaire of 188 hospital staff members. The demographic and radiologic characteristics were compared between groups.

Results
There was no statistical difference in sex, age, and height between the two groups. The STLDH patients had higher body weight, boby mass index, and thoracolumbar kyphotic angle than SD-like hospital staff members. In addition, STLDH patients had more levels of Schmorl's nodes (3.5±1.7 vs. 2.0±1.9, t=3.364, P=0.001) and irregular endplateson (4.0±1.9 vs. 2.7±1.9, t=2.667, P=0.010) compared to the SD-like hospital staff members.

Conclusions
Higher body weight, higher body mass index, larger thoracolumbar kyphosis, and more Schmorl's nodes and irregular endplates on MR may be associated with the development of STLDH in “SD-like people.”
LOKAKARYA TIM KOMUNIKASI UPH KEPADA ASN KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN TENTANG CITY BRANDING - (SDG #11)
Authors: Scheffer-Sumampouw Carly Stiana , Ginting Magdalena Lestari , Aprilia Ilynka Maria 
Published: January 2024

Menindaklanjuti nota kesepahaman antara UPH dan Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan, maka sebagai langkah pertama dari implementasi kerja-sama perguruan tinggi dengan pemerintah kabupaten, diadakanlah lokakarya yang merupakan rangkaian kegiatan dari Pusat Studi G20 Indonesia: UPH Giving Back to Community 2023: North Sulawesi.
Tahapan pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada Masyarakat diawali dengan needs assessment di bulan April 2023. Dalam tahapan inilah, pihak mitra menyatakan kebutuhan prioritas pemerintah daerah ialah pengembangan pariwisata dan secara spesifik membutuhkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam hal digitalisasi.
Untuk itu, lokakarya yang dilaksanakan fokus pada city branding dengan judul materi lokakarya: DIGITALISASI PARIWISATA dan KOMUNITAS, KOTA BERKELANJUTAN SDG #11). Kegiatan ini dihadiri oleh 35 aparatur sipil negara (ASN). Fasilitator utama dari prodi ilmu komunikasi dibantu oleh 5 fasilitator lainnya dan seorang multimedia/notulen menghasilkan transfer knowledge antara akademisi dan ASN yang menghasilkan konsep smart city branding 3P: people, place and product yang secara khas merupakan identitas daerah kabupaten Minahasa Selatan.
Osmanlı Belgelerinin Tarihlerine Dâir
Authors: S. Kütükoğlu Mübahat 
Published: January 2024

Osmanlı belgelerinin cinslerine göre tarihlerinin atılış şekilleri farklıdır. Bazılarında Arapça tarih kullanılmıştır. Bir kısmında ayın tarihleri tam olarak yazılırken bazılarında on günlük bölümlerin belirtilmesiyle yetinilmiştir. Bir kısım belgelerde ise ayın günü ile yıl rakam olarak, ay ise belli rumuzlarla gösterilmiştir.
Dikkat edilmesi gereken ise yılın tam olarak yazılmadığı tarihlerdir. Bir kısmında binler, bir kısmında binler ve yüzler, hatta nadir olmakla beraber, onlar haneleri de yazılmamıştır. Böyle belgelerde ekleri ve arkasındaki muâmele kayıtları dikkate alınmalı ve belge diplomatik açıdan olduğu kadar teşkilât ve müessese tarihleri de göz önüne alınarak değerlendirilmelidir.
Bu yazıda, Osmanlı belgelerindeki çeşitli tarih tipleri, örnekleriyle gösterilmiştir.
Güllük Körfezi’nde Bir Liman
Authors: Baldıran Asuman , Görgülü Umut 
Published: January 2024

Iasos Antik Kenti, Muğla ili, Milas ilçesi, Kıyıkışlacık Mahallesi sınırlarında, Milas ilçesinin yaklaşık 26 km batısında yer almaktadır. Antik kentin deniz yolu ile Argos’dan gelen kolonistler tarafından kurulduğuna inanılmaktadır. Antik yerleşim eskiden Iasos Körfezi (Sinus Iasicus) olarak adlandırılan derin ve uzun bir koy içindeki kayalık yarımada üzerinde kurulmuştur; burası şimdi Mandalya veya Güllük Körfezi olarak bilinir. Doğuda, küçük ve verimli bir ovanın ardında Grion Dağı (günümüzde Milas’a giden modern yolun aştığı Paşalı Dağı) yükselir. Antik çağda, Mylasa ve Didyma-Miletos arasında gelişmiş kara yolu güzergâhı yoktu. Bu nedenle Iasos’un diğer kentlerle ilişkisi ve ticari faaliyetleri doğal olarak, deniz yolu ile sağlanmakta idi.
Iasos, büyük olanı doğuda dağlık bir burunla çevrili, küçük olanı ise batı yönde olmak üzere iki limana sahip bir şehirdir. Günümüzde doğu liman yapılarına ait herhangi bir iz görülmemektedir, ancak batı limanda mendirek izleri saptanabilmektedir.
Batı limanda saptanan izler Agora ile aynı yapı katındadırlar ve bunlar Erken İmparatorluk Dönemi’ne tarihlenmektedirler. Olasılıkla, Orta Bizans Dönemi’nde batıdaki küçük limana bir kule eklenmiştir. Kulenin kuzey ve batısı sağlam destek duvarlarıyla güçlendirilmiştir. Bu kulenin yapım tarihi hâlâ tartışmalıdır. Kıbrıs’taki kalelerle yapılan karşılaştırmalar sonucunda, kulenin yapımının Bizans İmparatorluğu’nun sıkıntılı döneminde denizden gelebilecek tehlikelere karşı güçlendirildiği 12.-13. yüzyıllar olmalıdır. Günümüzde Doğu ve Batı Limanlarda suyun altında bazı taş blokları görmek mümkündür.
İznik Çini Fırınları Kazısı’nda Bulunan Süzgeçli Testi Formları
Authors: Arlı V. Belgin Demirsar , Kaya Şennur , Arlı Hakan 
Published: January 2024

Bursa ili, İznik ilçe merkezinde 1981 yılında başlayan ve 1984 yılından itibaren BHD (Belediye Hamamı Doğusu) kodlu kazı alanında sürdürülmekte olan İznik Çini Fırınları Kazısı’nda 2014-2019 çalışma mevsimlerinde kazısı yapılan A-B-C /9-10-11 plan karelerinde bulunan kırmızı hamurlu kalıba baskı ve baskı dekorlu tabak, kâse, testi ve süzgeçli testi formlarında kaplara ait parçalar, çeşitli çalışmalarda form, teknik ve bezeme özelliklerine göre ele alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmalar kapsamında, İznik’te üretilen süzgeçli testilerin teknik ve bezeme özellikleri üzerinde de durularak, bunların gövde formları ve bezemeleri kalıba baskı tekniğiyle meydana getirilen türü dışında dış yüzeylerine basit baskı yivlerin uygulandığı örneklerinin bulunduğundan da bahsedilmiştir. Kalıba baskı tekniğinde üretilmiş süzgeçli testilere ait gövde parçaları ve bunların yapımında kullanılan pişmiş toprak kalıpların seçili yedi örneğine uygulanan pXRF ölçümlerinde de en geç 15. yüzyılın sonlarına tarihlenebilecek kimyasal bileşenlere rastlanılmıştır.
Önceki tespitler ışığında bu makalede, kalıba baskı gövdeli süzgeçli testi parçaları ile tamamı çarkta çekilerek gövdeleri baskı yivlerle bezenen süzgeçli testi parçalarının form özelliklerinin daha kapsamlı tanıtılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda tüme yakın ya da formu açısından önemli bulunan altı kazı buluntusu seçilerek bunlar diğer kazı buluntularıyla birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, İznik’te kırmızı hamur kullanılarak iki farklı yöntemle üretilmiş olan süzgeçli testilerin aynı dönemde Anadolu’da görülen seramik üretim gelenekleri ile ilişkili ancak özgün örnekler oldukları saptanmıştır.
Diagnosis of Tuberculosis by Conventional and Molecular Methods in Our Laboratory: A 4-Year Assessment
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Cihadiye Elif , DÖNMEZ Betül , YILDIZ Pınar , ÇALIŞKAN Emel , UZAN ÇAKMAK Gulfidan 
Published: January 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare direct microscopy, culture and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) methods and to present the antibiotic resistance profile of the last 4 years comparatively by conventional and molecular methods.
Materials and Methods: Bacterial culture, EZN and PCR methods were applied to all samples. Direct rapid resistance test was performed for EZN positive samples.
Results: 968 patients were included in the study. Culture was positive in 81 (8%), PCR in 78 (8%) and EZN in 39 (46%) patients. PCR performed on the same day in both respiratory and other samples showed very good agreement with culture, while EZN staining showed moderate agreement. It was observed that the rapid resistance test detected rifampicin resistance which was not detected in culture, and in the case of INH, culture antibiogram and rapid resistance test were fully compatible. Application of the rapid resistance test to every patient with positive EZN staining resulted in very early detection of resistance.
Conclusion: It was concluded that PCR tests are useful in the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis and resistance in suspicious clinical samples.
Outshining by Recent Star Formation Prevents the Accurate Measurement of High-z Galaxy Stellar Masses
Authors: Narayanan Desika , Lower Sidney , Torrey Paul , Brammer Gabriel , Cui Weiguang , Davé Romeel , Iyer Kartheik G. , Li Qi , Lovell Christopher C. , Sales Laura V. , Stark Daniel P. , Marinacci Federico , Vogelsberger Mark 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We demonstrate that the inference of galaxy stellar masses via spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting techniques for galaxies formed in the first billion years after the Big Bang carries fundamental uncertainties owing to the loss of star formation history (SFH) information from the very first episodes of star formation in the integrated spectra of galaxies. While this early star formation can contribute substantially to the total stellar mass of high-redshift systems, ongoing star formation at the time of detection outshines the residual light from earlier bursts, hampering the determination of accurate stellar masses. As a result, order-of-magnitude uncertainties in stellar masses can be expected. We demonstrate this potential problem via direct numerical simulation of galaxy formation in a cosmological context. In detail, we carry out two cosmological simulations with significantly different stellar feedback models, which span a significant range in SFH burstiness. We compute the mock SEDs for these model galaxies at z = 7 via calculations of 3D dust radiative transfer, and then backward fit these SEDs with prospector SED fitting software. The uncertainties in derived stellar masses that we find for z > 7 galaxies motivate the development of new techniques and/or priors for SFH to model star formation in the early Universe.
Chemodynamical Nature of the Anticenter Stream and Monoceros Ring
Authors: Qiao Yi , Tang Baitian , Lian Jianhui , Li Jing , Xu Cheng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In the epoch of deep photometric surveys, a large number of substructures—e.g., overdensities and streams—have been identified. With the help of astrometry and spectroscopy, the community has revealed a complex picture of our Milky Way (MW) after investigating their origins. The off-plane substructures the Anticenter Stream (ACS) and Monoceros Ring (MNC), once considered as dissolving dwarf galaxies, were later found to share similar kinematics and metallicity with the Galactic outer thin disk. In this work, we aim to chemically tag ACS and MNC with high-accuracy abundances from the APOGEE survey. By extrapolating chemical abundance trends in the outer thin-disk region (10 < R
GC < 18 kpc, 0 < ∣Z
GC∣ < 3 kpc), we found that ACS and MNC stars show consistent chemical abundances as the extrapolating values for 12 elements, including C, N, O, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Co, and Ni. The similar chemical patterns indicate that ACS and MNC have a similar star formation history as the MW outer thin disk, while we also excluded their dwarf galaxy association, as they are distinctive in multiple chemical spaces. The ages of ACS and MNC stars are consistent with the time of the first Sagittarius dSph passage, indicating their possible connection.