bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pneumatic Insufflation to Confirm Distal Stoma When in Doubt
Authors: Saxena Akshay Kumar , Subramanian Pavithra , Bhatia Anmol , Sodhi Kushaljit Singh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Distal colostogram and ileostogram are commonly performed radiological procedures in the pediatric population. It is sometimes difficult to identify the distal stoma while performing these procedures.
Aim The aim of this study was to describe a technique for the confident identification of distal stoma.
Methods Injection of a small quantity of air through the catheterized stoma and following it can help to identify the stoma, as proximal or distal, based on anatomy of the delineated bowel.
Conclusion Pneumatic insufflation is a simple, quick procedure to confidently identify the distal stoma whenever in doubt.
Reproducibility and Explainability of Deep Learning in Mammography: A Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: Bhalla Deeksha , Rangarajan Krithika , Chandra Tany , Banerjee Subhashis , Arora Chetan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Although abundant literature is currently available on the use of deep learning for breast cancer detection in mammography, the quality of such literature is widely variable.
Purpose To evaluate published literature on breast cancer detection in mammography for reproducibility and to ascertain best practices for model design.
Methods The PubMed and Scopus databases were searched to identify records that described the use of deep learning to detect lesions or classify images into cancer or noncancer. A modification of Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (mQUADAS-2) tool was developed for this review and was applied to the included studies. Results of reported studies (area under curve [AUC] of receiver operator curve [ROC] curve, sensitivity, specificity) were recorded.
Results A total of 12,123 records were screened, of which 107 fit the inclusion criteria. Training and test datasets, key idea behind model architecture, and results were recorded for these studies. Based on mQUADAS-2 assessment, 103 studies had high risk of bias due to nonrepresentative patient selection. Four studies were of adequate quality, of which three trained their own model, and one used a commercial network. Ensemble models were used in two of these. Common strategies used for model training included patch classifiers, image classification networks (ResNet in 67%), and object detection networks (RetinaNet in 67%). The highest reported AUC was 0.927 ± 0.008 on a screening dataset, while it reached 0.945 (0.919–0.968) on an enriched subset. Higher values of AUC (0.955) and specificity (98.5%) were reached when combined radiologist and Artificial Intelligence readings were used than either of them alone. None of the studies provided explainability beyond localization accuracy. None of the studies have studied interaction between AI and radiologist in a real world setting.
Conclusion While deep learning holds much promise in mammography interpretation, evaluation in a reproducible clinical setting and explainable networks are the need of the hour.
Changes in spatiotemporal pattern and network characteristics in population migration of China’s cities before and after COVID-19
Authors: Zhang Yaming , Guo Xiaoyu , Su Yanyuan , Koura H Yaya Hamadou , Wang Na , Song Wenjie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPopulation mobility is a key component in promoting the re-agglomeration and dissemination of social and economic factors. Based on Spring Festival data from 2019 to 2023 on Baidu Migration Big Data, this paper analyses the spatiotemporal patterns and structural characteristics of population mobility in cities across China through spatiotemporal statistics and social network analysis and investigates the evolution patterns of Chinese population migration behavior under the influence of COVID-19 epidemic during Spring Festival. The results of the study show that: (1) There are significant temporal and spatial differences in the impact of COVID-19 on population migration, with much stronger shocks on the cities of middle migration scale; (2) Population migration in Chinese cities is robust, and the impact of COVID-19 on population movement and community evolution is mainly manifested in short-term effects, with essentially no residual effects; (3) Between 2020 and 2023, a total of 119 cities experience a transfer of communities (32.25%), of which 69 cities transfer once, 20 cities transfer twice, and 30 cities transfer three times. In addition, it is found that the closeness of urban links based on population movements remains subject to geospatial effects, and the boundaries of “communities” coincide very closely with provincial borders. The results of this study have important theoretical and practical implications for a deeper understanding of the long-term impact of major public health events on changes in the geographical characteristics of population distribution and the structure of population mobility networks.
Life at the intersection
Authors: Bloom Barthe 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In colloquial Norwegian, han ‘he’ and
hun ‘she’ can occur as a determiner with common nouns
with human reference (e.g., han mannen, lit. ‘he man-the’).
This study investigates the lateral relations of this construction
(henceforth: han mannen) and two other definite-referring
constructions with human reference: noun phrases that contain the adnominal
determiner den (i.e., den mannen) and those that
realize definiteness by a suffixed article (i.e., mannen). The
study argues that han mannen lives at the intersection of these two
constructions, i.e., that it is motivated by two constructions to which it
is laterally related. The lateral relations between the constructions are
evaluated by random forests, variable importance measures, and partial
dependence plots.
Construction grammar in domain-specific discourse
Authors: Liégeois Vince , Modicom Pierre-Yves , Bonne Lisa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Within various frameworks interested in domain-specific language,
like language for specific purposes (LSP) research and discourse
linguistics, the insights provided by CxG-theory have
led to the question of whether constructions can have domain-specific
manifestations. Even though many linguists would, intuitively, answer this
question positively, little empirical research can be found to back up this
hypothesis, which is especially true for Scandinavian linguistics. To this
aim, we conducted a contrastive (Swedish – Norwegian – Dutch) corpus-based
analysis of existential constructions (e.g., Eng., there
are some books on the table) within the specialized domain of
weather reports. The analysis sets out to uncover (a) what their
contextual-constructional features are, (b) how these can be linked to the
domain and (c) whether these features appear across different languages.
Shared syntax and cross-linguistic influence in bilingual children
Authors: Unsworth Sharon 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the role of structural priming in cross-linguistic influence, a well-established yet
poorly understood characteristic of bilingual language development. More specifically, we test the proposal that cross-linguistic
influence may be conceptualized as between-language priming, that is, as the result of prior linguistic exposure (Serratrice, 2016) and shared syntactic representations between languages (Hartsuiker et al., 2004). In Experiment 1, we primed bilingual English-Dutch children
between languages using possessive structures (e.g., the astronaut’s dog, the dog of the astronaut). In
Experiment 2, we compared the same group of children with bilingual Spanish-Dutch and monolingual Dutch children using
within-language priming. Within-language priming was stronger than between-language priming. In both experiments, we examined the
relation between priming behaviour and individual differences in language exposure, use and proficiency. Experiment 1 found
between-language priming with long-lasting effects modulated by proficiency. The results of Experiment 2 were consistent with
inverse priming effects in within-language priming modulated – to a degree – by properties of the bilingual children’s other
language. Taken together, these findings are consistent with the proposal that between-language priming is a plausible mechanism
underpinning cross-linguistic influence and that bilingual children develop shared syntactic representations for structures which
are similar across their two languages.
Asymptotic symmetries in Bondi gauge and the sub-subleading soft graviton theorem
Authors: Horn Bart 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We investigate asymptotic symmetries which preserve the Bondi gauge conditions but do not preserve the asymptotic falloff conditions for the metric near the null boundary, and their connection to soft graviton theorems for scattering amplitudes. These include generalized superrotation symmetries parameterized by a smooth vector field Y

A
obeying

D

A

Y

A

=
0

, for which we show that the associated conserved charge can be derived by applying the Noether procedure to the Einstein–Katz action. We also discuss the connection between asymptotic symmetries and the conserved charge associated with the sub-subleading soft theorem, and we find that in Bondi gauge this charge is generated by the combination of a diffeomorphism together with an extra transformation of the metric.
Formation of N–O–H bearing species in HNO3 and H2O icy samples by heavy-ion irradiation: an infrared spectroscopic study
Authors: de Barros A L F , Bergantini A , da Silveira E F , Tozetti S D , Rothard H , Boduch P , Domaracka A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article investigates the radiolysis of a mixture of nitric acid with water (HNO3:H2O) at 16 K in high-vacuum (residual pressure < 10−6 mbar). A nitric acid-water ice film was exposed to 40 MeV 58Ni11+ ion beam in a heavy ion accelerator facility in France. For this astrochemically- and atmospherically-relevant ice mixture of nitric acid and water, we analyze the possible formation and destruction processes of N–O bearing species, thus providing spectroscopic data in the infrared (IR) region for theoretical, laboratory and observational future studies. The irradiation synthetized 18 species which were posteriorly examined by infrared spectroscopy: N2O, NH3, NO, NO2 and H
x
N
y
O
z
molecules, such as hidroxylamine (NH2OH), nitrous acid (HONO) as well as other species with bonding N–O, N–H and H–O–N converting surface-adsorbed nitrogen oxides into astrochemically active NO
x
. The interaction of HNO3 and H2O originates H–N–O molecular complexes, which were investigated as particular cases of the hydrogen-bonded species formed by a more electronegative atom (N or O) interacts intra or intermolecularly with a donor atom (N or O) and observed in the interstellar medium with higher quantities or great abundances. The HNO3 and H2O destruction cross sections have been determined to be 8.5 × 10−13 and 1.2 × 10−13 cm2, respectively, for the mentioned experimental conditions.
Plasmonic detection of the parity anomaly in a two-dimensional Chern insulator
Authors: Chen M N , Zhou Yu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we present an analytic study on the surface plasmon polaritons in a two-dimensional parity anomaly Chern insulator. The two-dimensional conductivities derived from the BHZ model are antisymmetric, based on which two surface plasmon modes each contains two branches of dispersions have been found. In the absence of parity anomaly, the half-integer-valued Hall conductivities with positive and negative Dirac mass terms differ by a sign; two branches of each surface plasmon mode are exactly degenerate. However, the parity anomaly can lift such degeneracy and lead to significant modifications of these dispersion curves or even the occurrence of an extra branch of surface plasmons under particular condition. Our investigations have revealed the effects of the interplay of parity anomaly and topology on the dispersion relations of the surface plasmon polaritons, which may pave a possible way for the detection of the parity anomaly in a two-dimensional Chern insulator via plasmonic responses.
Detection and recovery of anomalous vibration signal of rotating machinery based on LOF-MSAMP
Authors: Zhang Liguo , Yan Ping , Zhou Han , Huang Qin , Pei Jie , Yang Yong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The collected vibration signals of rotating machinery contain pulses, missing, and other low-quality anomalous data due to environmental noise interference, unstable data transmission, and data acquisition instrument failure. These low-quality data obstruct the analysis of the healthy operation condition of rotating machinery. This paper proposes a method for anomalous vibration signal detection and recovery based on the local outlier factor algorithm and the modified sparsity adaptive matching pursuit algorithm. The method combines the local outlier factor algorithm and compressive sensing theory to realize anomalous vibration signal detection and recovery. This paper evaluates the recovery performance both qualitatively and quantitatively and discusses how the proposed method’s hyperparameter selection affects the recovery results. A set of simulated signal and measured hob base signal are used to verify the proposed method. The results indicate that, when compared to the other seven reconstruction algorithms, the proposed method’s recovered signal has the lower error level and the higher waveform similarity which reaches more than 98% to the original signal, effectively improving data quality.
Standing waves on holidays
Authors: Carvalho Paulo Simeão , Hahn Marcelo Dumas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Standing waves are a common phenomenon in nature, but sometimes difficult to understand by the students. Many of them do not realise, for example, that the sound coming from the musical instruments is due to standing waves that are formed in strings, membranes, or cavities on those instruments. In this paper, we describe a simple activity that occurred in a circular pool during holidays which excited people for generating standing waves with their own body. This was also an opportunity for talking about this phenomenon with young people and make simple calculations of the speed of waves in shallow water. This is an example that summertime is not just for relaxing and teachers may find good examples of applied physics to bring to their classes and help students to better understand physics contents.
Predicting the hotspot location and motor threshold prior to transcranial magnetic stimulation using electric field modelling
Authors: Matilainen Noora , Kataja Juhani , Laakso Ilkka 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. To investigate whether the motor threshold (MT) and the location of the motor hotspot in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be predicted with computational models of the induced electric field. Approach. Individualized computational models were constructed from structural magnetic resonance images of ten healthy participants, and the induced electric fields were determined with the finite element method. The models were used to optimize the location and direction of the TMS coil on the scalp to produce the largest electric field at a predetermined cortical target location. The models were also used to predict how the MT changes as the magnetic coil is moved to various locations over the scalp. To validate the model predictions, the motor evoked potentials were measured from the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle with TMS in the ten participants. Both computational and experimental methods were preregistered prior to the experiments. Main results. Computationally optimized hotspot locations were nearly as accurate as those obtained using manual hotspot search procedures. The mean Euclidean distance between the predicted and the measured hotspot locations was approximately 1.3 cm with a 0.8 cm bias towards the anterior direction. Exploratory analyses showed that the bias could be removed by changing the cortical target location that was used for the prediction. The results also indicated a statistically significant relationship (p < 0.001) between the calculated electric field and the MT measured at several locations on the scalp. Significance. The results show that the individual TMS hotspot can be located using computational analysis without stimulating the subject or patient even once. Adapting computational modelling would save time and effort in research and clinical use of TMS.
Analysis of a cusped helicon plasma thruster discharge
Authors: Jiménez Pedro , Zhou Jiewei , Navarro-Cavallé Jaume , Fajardo Pablo , Merino Mario , Ahedo Eduardo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Experiments and simulations are used to analyze a compact helicon plasma thruster with a cusp in its internal magnetic field. The former rely on a compensated Langmuir probe and a Faraday cup, while the latter employ a hybrid PIC/fluid transport model combined with a frequency-domain electromagnetic field model. Measurements serve to tune the anomalous transport parameters of the model and overall show the same trends as the numerical results, including a secondary peak of electron temperature downstream in the magnetic nozzle, where electron cyclotron resonance conditions for the 13.56 MHz excitation frequency are met. The cusp plays a central role in determining the plasma losses to the walls and the profile of electron temperature, which in turn defines the excitation and ionization losses. While losses to the rear wall are reduced, losses to the lateral wall are increased, which, together with the low production efficiency, limit the performance of the device.
Rotating spokes, potential hump and modulated ionization in radio frequency magnetron discharges
Authors: Xu Liang , Sun Haomin , Eremin Denis , Ganta Sathya , Kaganovich Igor , Bera Kallol , Rauf Shahid , Wu Xuemei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this work, the transition from the gradient drift instability (GDI) into an m = 1 rotating spoke in the radio frequency magnetron discharge was studied by means of the two-dimensional axial-azimuthal (z − y) particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision method. The kinetic model combined with the linear analysis of the perturbation revealed that the cathode sheath (axial) electric field E

z
triggers the GDI, deforming the local potential until the instability condition is not fulfilled and the fluctuation growth stops in which moment the instability becomes saturated. The potential deformation consequently leads to the formation of the potential hump, surrounding which the azimuthal electric field E

y
is present. The saturation level of E

y
was found to be synchronized with and proportional to the time-changing voltage applied at the cathode, resulting in the RF-modulation of the electron heating in the E

y
due to

∇
B

drift. In the saturated stage of the instability, it was shown that the rotation velocity and direction of the spoke present in the simulations agree well with the experimental observation (Panjan 2019 J. Appl. Phys.
125 203303). In the instability linear stage, the instability mode wavelength and the growth rate were also found to be in good agreement with the prediction of the GDI linear fluid theory.
Resistor-less power-rail ESD clamp circuit design with adjustable NMOS gate biased voltage
Authors: Li Shuang , Wang Yang , Tao Hongke , Liu Qing , Zeng Zhiwen , Jin Xiangliang , Yang Hongjiao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Based on the 0.18 μm CMOS process, proposed a new power-rail electrostatic discharge clamp circuit. The proposed circuit can adjust the voltage biased to the big clamp NMOS (Mbig) gate by adjusting the width of one MOS transistor, and the feedback path is designed to prolong the response time of Mbig. The simulation results demonstrated that the voltage biased to the Mbig of the proposed circuit has a relatively steady state and the Mbig has a longer response time, which can effectively reduce the damage to the gate oxide layer of the Mbig with large voltage overshoot. The transmission line pulse test results show that compared to the Mbig of the conventional circuit, the Mbig of the proposed circuit has higher trigger voltage, lower on-resistance, and better robustness.
Time resolved study of temperature sensing using Gd2O3:Er,Yb: deep learning approach
Authors: Rabasovic Maja S , Savic-Sevic Svetlana , Križan Janez , Matovic Branko , Nikolic Marko , Sevic Dragutin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper examines the potential applications of machine learning algorithms in the analysis of optical spectra from Gd2O3:Er,Yb thermophosphor. The material was synthesized using the solution combustion method. For data acquisition, we employed pulsed laser diode excitation at 980 nm and utilized a streak camera with a spectrograph to obtain time-resolved spectral data of the optical emission from Gd2O3:Er,Yb. To ensure data consistency and facilitate visualization, we employed principal component analysis and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection clustering. Our findings demonstrate that, instead of the conventional approach of identifying spectral peaks and calculating intensity ratios, it is feasible to train computer software to recognize time-resolved spectra associated with different temperatures of the thermophosphor. Through our analysis, we have successfully devised a technique for remote temperature estimation by leveraging deep learning artificial neural networks.
Facile aqueous synthesis, structural and luminescence properties for CdTe@FeOOH (Core/Shell)
Authors: El-sadek M S Abd , Elnobi Sahar , Wasly H S , El-Sheshtawy H S , Abuelwafa Amr Attia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Seed-mediated growth, a straightforward technique with a low reaction temperature and low cost, was used to create multi-functional core/shell nanoparticles (CdTe@FeOOH). X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HTEM), Energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared techniques (FT-IR), and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) were utilized to study the structure and composition of the as-prepared CdTe@FeOOH quantum dots (QDs). Photoluminescence (PL) properties of CdTe@FeOOH (Core/Shell) in an aqueous solution were studied by steady-state and time-resolved PL spectroscopy. The PL lifetime of CdTe@FeOOH QDs was reduced as a consequence of PL quenching. This results in the electron transfer mechanism being efficient, which reduces electron–hole recombination in the core–shell composite. The utilization of core–shell nanospheres of this nature presents numerous potentialities for applications in the field of photocatalysis.
Imprints of rastall gravity on particle dynamics
Authors: Iftikhar Sehrish , Aziz Sobia , Manzoor Rubab , Malik Sakina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the trajectories of test particle around the Kerr-Newman anti de-Sitter black hole enclosed by scalar field matter in the context of Rastall gravity. We limit our research to the equatorial plane and analyze the dynamics of both null as well as time-like geodesics. We explore the stable regions with respect to the event horizon, radius of photon orbit and the so called static radius for both null as well as time-like particles. We found that the stable point is always less than the cosmological horizon as well as the static radius. We also discuss the energy extraction as well as negative energy state via Penrose process. The efficiency of the process from Kerr-Newman anti de-Sitter black hole is also examined. We observe that the efficiency of the Penrose process increased with the spin parameter as well the intensity of the scalar field around the BH.