bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of ethylene pretreatment on tomato plant responses to salt, drought, and waterlogging stress
Authors: Mohorović Petar , Geldhof Batist , Holsteens Kristof , Rinia Marilien , Ceusters Johan , Van de Poel Bram 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSalinity, drought, and waterlogging are common environmental stresses that negatively impact plant growth, development, and productivity. One of the responses to abiotic stresses is the production of the phytohormone ethylene, which induces different coping mechanisms that help plants resist or tolerate stress. In this study, we investigated if an ethylene pretreatment can aid plants in activating stress‐coping responses prior to the onset of salt, drought, and waterlogging stress. Therefore, we measured real‐time transpiration and CO2 assimilation rates and the impact on biomass during and after 3 days of abiotic stress. Our results showed that an ethylene pretreatment of 1 ppm for 4 h did not significantly influence the negative effects of waterlogging stress, while plants were more sensitive to salt stress as reflected by enhanced water losses due to a higher transpiration rate. However, when exposed to drought stress, an ethylene pretreatment resulted in reduced transpiration rates, reducing water loss during drought stress. Overall, our findings indicate that pretreating tomato plants with ethylene can potentially regulate their responses during the forthcoming stress period, but optimization of the ethylene pre‐treatment duration, timing, and dose is needed. Furthermore, it remains tested if the effect is related to the stress duration and severity and whether an ethylene pretreatment has a net positive or negative effect on plant vigor during stress recovery. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the mode of action of how ethylene priming impacts subsequent stress responses.
Direct‐Laser‐Written Polymer Nanowire Waveguides for Broadband Single Photon Collection from Epitaxial Quantum Dots into a Gaussian‐like Mode
Authors: Perez Edgar F. , Haws Cori , Davanco Marcelo , Song Jindong , Sapienza Luca , Srinivasan Kartik 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSingle epitaxial quantum dots (QDs) embedded in nanophotonic geometries are a leading technology for quantum light generation. However, efficiently coupling their emission into a single mode fiber or Gaussian beam often remains challenging. Here, direct laser writing (DLW) is used to address this challenge by fabricating 1 µm diameter polymer nanowires (PNWs) in‐contact‐with and perpendicular‐to a QD‐containing GaAs layer. QD emission is coupled to the PNW's waveguide mode, enhancing collection efficiency into a single‐mode fiber. PNW fabrication does not alter the QD device layer, making PNWs well‐suited for augmenting pre‐existing in‐plane geometries. Standalone PNWs and PNWs in conjunction with metallic nanoring devices that have been previously established for increasing extraction of QD emission are studied. Methods that mitigate standing wave reflections and heat, caused by GaAs's absorption/reflection of the lithography beam, and which otherwise prevent PNW fabrication, are also reported. A maximum improvement of ( in a nanoring system with a PNW compared to the same system without a PNW is observed, in line with numerical results, and highlighting the PNW's ability to waveguide QD emission and increase collection efficiency simultaneously. These results demonstrate new DLW functionality in service of quantum emitter photonics that maintains compatibility with existing top‐down fabrication approaches.
Physiological Search for Quantum Biological Sensing Effects Based on the Wigner–Yanase Connection between Coherence and Uncertainty
Authors: Kominis Iannis K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA fundamental concept of quantum physics, the Wigner–Yanase information, is used here as a measure of quantum coherence in spin‐dependent radical‐pair reactions pertaining to biological magnetic sensing. This measure is connected to the uncertainty of the reaction yields and, further, to the statistics of a cellular receptor‐ligand system used to biochemically convey magnetic‐field changes. Measurable physiological quantities, such as the number of receptors and fluctuations in ligand concentration, are shown to reflect the introduced Wigner–Yanase measure of singlet‐triplet coherence. A quantum‐biological uncertainty relation connecting the product of a biological resource and a biological figure of merit with the Wigner–Yanase coherence is arrived at. This approach can serve as a general search for quantum‐coherent effects within cellular environments.
Design of robust pre‐compensators for decoupling polytopic linear systems
Authors: Ângelo Caio G. M. , Tognetti Eduardo S. 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThis work proposes a new approach for designing dynamic pre‐compensators to reduce interactions of multivariable uncertain square systems. The proposed method is based on the minimization of the norm of the difference between the compensated system and a diagonal reference model. The main appeal of the technique is to propose a systematic procedure to obtain the reference model dynamics, in contrast to methods that use the identity matrix as a reference, and to obtain diagonal dominance in a frequency range of interest employing the generalized Kalman‐Yakubovich‐Popov (KYP) Lemma. The design conditions are expressed as linear matrix inequalities (LMI) thanks to a new general parametrization on the decision variables in bilinear products to reduce the conservatism of the solutions compared to standard approaches from the literature. Numerical examples verify the robustness of the proposed method, showing significant decoupling of the uncertain plant.
Hierarchical Porous Amidoximated Metal–Organic Framework for Highly Efficient Uranium Extraction
Authors: Li Jin , Tuo Kai , Fan Congbin , Liu Gang , Pu Shouzhi , Li Zhijian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development of industry and technology, high‐efficiency extraction of uranium from seawater is a research hotspot from the aspect of nuclear energy development. Herein, a new amidoximated metal–organic framework (UiO‐66‐DAMN‐AO) constructed through a novel organic ligand of 2‐diaminomaleonitrile‐terephthalic acid (BDC‐DAMN) is designed via one‐step post‐synthetic methods (PSM), which possess the merit of abundant multiaffinity sites, large specific surface area, and unique porous structure for efficient uranium extraction. Adopting one‐step PSM can alleviate the destruction of structural stability and the reduction of the conversion rate of amidoxime groups. Meanwhile, introducing the BDC‐DAMN ligand with abundant multiaffinity sites endow UiO‐66‐DAMN‐AO with excellent adsorption ability (Qm = 426.3 mg g−1) and selectivity. Interestingly, the UiO‐66‐DAMN‐AO has both micropores and mesopores, which may be attributed to the partial etching of UiO‐66‐DAMN‐AO during the amidoximation. The presence of mesopores improves the mass transfer rate of UiO‐66‐DAMN‐AO and provides more exposed active sites, favoring the adsorption of uranium on UiO‐66‐DAMN‐AO. Thus, this study provides a feasible strategy for modifying metal–organic framework (MOFs) with plentiful amidoxime groups and the promising prospect for MOF‐based materials to adsorb uranium from ocean.
Enhanced Activity of Small Pt Nanoparticles Decorated with High‐Loading Single Fe─N4 for Methanol Oxidation and Oxygen Reduction via the Assistive Active Sites Strategy
Authors: Yan Wei , Xing Qianli , Ren Jianwei , Feng Hao , Yu Jinshi , Liu Hao , Chen Wenmiao , Wang Kang , Chen Yanli 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDecorating platinum (Pt) with a single atom offers a promising approach to tailoring their catalytic activity. In this study, for the first time, an innovative assistive active sites (AAS) strategy is proposed to construct high–loading (3.46wt.%) single Fe─N4 as AAS, which are further hybridized with small Pt nanoparticles to enhance both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) activities. For ORR, the target catalyst (Pt/HFeSA–HCS) exhibits a higher mass activity (MA) of 0.98 A mgPt−1 and specific activity (SA) of 1.39 mA cmPt−2 at 0.90 V versus RHE. As for MOR, Pt/HFeSA–HCS shows exceptional MA (3.21 A mgPt−1) and SA (4.27 mA cmPt−2) at peak values, surpassing commercial Pt/C by 15.3 and 11.5 times, respectively. The underlying mechanism behind this AAS strategy is to find that in MOR, Fe─N4 promotes water dissociation, generating more *OH to accelerate the conversion of *CO to CO2. Meanwhile, in ORR, Fe─N4 acts as a competitor to adsorb *OH, weakening Pt─OH bonding and facilitating desorption of *OH on the Pt surface. Constructing AAS that can enhance dual functionality simultaneously can be seen as a successful “kill two birds with one stone” strategy.
MT1G, an emerging ferroptosis‐related gene: A novel prognostic biomarker and indicator of immunotherapy sensitivity in prostate cancer
Authors: Cheng Bisheng , Lai Yiming , Huang Hao , Peng Shirong , Tang Chen , Chen Junxiu , Luo Tianlong , Wu Jilin , He Haixia , Wang Qiong , Huang Hai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundProstate cancer is a leading cause of cancer‐related deaths in men worldwide. Despite advances in treatment strategies, there is still a need for novel therapeutic targets and approaches. Ferroptosis has emerged as a critical process in the development and progression of several cancers, including prostate cancer (PCA). In this study, we investigate the role of MT1G, a gene implicated in immune responses and ferroptosis, in the pathogenesis of PCA. Our objective is to elucidate its prognostic significance and its impact on the tumor microenvironment, while exploring its potential in enhancing the sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy.MethodsWe utilized a combination of in silico analysis and experimental techniques to investigate the role of MT1G in PCA. First, we analyzed large‐scale genomic datasets to assess the expression pattern and prognostic significance of MT1G in PCA patients. Subsequently, we performed functional assays to explore the impact of MT1G in PCA and its potential involvement in modulating immune responses. In addition, we conducted in vivo experiments to evaluate the effect of MT1G on tumor growth and response to ICI therapy.ResultsOur analysis revealed that MT1G expression is significantly downregulated in PCA tissues compared to normal prostate tissues and is associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, MT1G overexpression inhibited the growth of PCA cells in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, we found that MT1G regulates the tumor microenvironment by modulating immune cell infiltration and inhibiting immunosuppressive factors. Furthermore, our study reveals a significant correlation between MT1G expression levels and the response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in prostate cancer (PCA) patients, as MT1G upregulation leads to an increase in PDL‐1 expression. These findings underscore the potential of MT1G as a promising predictive biomarker for ICI therapy response in PCA patients.ConclusionOur study elucidates the pivotal role played by MT1G in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer (PCA) and its profound implications for prognosis. Moreover, it raises the intriguing possibility that MT1G could pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches in PCA treatment. This potential arises from its ability to orchestrate immune infiltration within the tumor microenvironment, consequently enhancing sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Therefore, our findings hold substantial promise for advancing our comprehension of PCA and exploring innovative therapeutic strategies.
Prognostic impact of lactylation‐associated gene modifications in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Insights into molecular landscape and therapeutic opportunities
Authors: Liu Jinsha , Chen Pang , Zhou Jie , Li Haoguang , Pan Zifeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractClear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) stands as a challenging subtype of kidney cancer, frequently complicating patient prognosis due to factors like postsurgical recurrences or late‐stage diagnoses. In this study, we employed bioinformatics to investigate lactylation modifications in ccRCC, focusing on the TCGA‐KIRC cohort. Out of 328 lactylation‐associated genes, 31 emerged as differentially expressed, with 16 showing a marked correlation with overall survival. These genes exhibited strong protein–protein interactions and significant expression correlations. Intriguingly, a notable loss of gene copy numbers suggests potential implications in tumor progression. Utilizing unsupervised clustering, KIRC samples were grouped into two distinct subcategories, each showcasing different survival outcomes. While pathway enrichment highlighted an aggressive, inflammation‐driven profile for subgroup 2, subgroup 1 was characterized by metabolic prominence. Furthermore, subgroup 2 presented an intensified inflammatory response, hinting at potential immune exhaustion. Capitalizing on machine learning, we developed a risk model using the TCGA‐KIRC dataset, efficiently categorizing ccRCC patients into high‐ and low‐risk clusters. Notably, those in the low‐risk group indicated a more favorable survival trajectory. Clinical evaluations further corroborated these findings, linking better outcomes with reduced risk scores. Additionally, observed mutation patterns allude to a potential association between elevated risk scores and cytokine storms. TIDE analysis illuminated possible immunotherapeutic benefits for the low‐risk group, underscored by an evident rise in microsatellite instability. Finally, our drug sensitivity evaluations revealed distinct therapeutic responses between the groups. In summary, this research underscores the pivotal role of lactylation modifications in ccRCC and introduces a promising prognostic model. These revelations pave the way for enhanced prognostic precision, presenting a promising path toward personalized treatment strategies and enriching our comprehension of the multifaceted molecular landscape of the disease.
Genome scans capture key adaptation and historical hybridization signatures in tetraploid wheat
Authors: Sertse Demissew , Haile Jemanesh K. , Sari Ehsan , Klymiuk Valentyna , N'Diaye Amidou , Pozniak Curtis J. , Cloutier Sylvie , Kagale Sateesh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTetraploid wheats (Triticum turgidum L.), including durum wheat (T. turgidum ssp. durum (Desf.) Husn.), are important crops with high nutritional and cultural values. However, their production is constrained by sensitivity to environmental conditions. In search of adaptive genetic signatures tracing historical selection and hybridization events, we performed genome scans on two datasets: (1) Durum Global Diversity Panel comprising a total of 442 tetraploid wheat and wild progenitor accessions including durum landraces (n = 286), domesticated emmer (T. turgidum ssp. dicoccum (Schrank) Thell.; n = 103) and wild emmer (T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides (Korn. ex Asch. & Graebn.) Thell.; n = 53) wheats genotyped using the 90K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, and (2) a second dataset comprising a total 121 accessions of nine T. turgidum subspecies including wild emmer genotyped with >100 M SNPs from whole‐genome resequencing. The genome scan on the first dataset detected six outlier loci on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 3A (n = 2), 6A, and 7A. These loci harbored important genes for adaptation to abiotic stresses, phenological responses, such as seed dormancy, circadian clock, flowering time, and key yield‐related traits, including pleiotropic genes, such as HAT1, KUODA1, CBL1, and ZFN1. The scan on the second dataset captured a highly differentiated region on chromosome 2B that shows significant differentiation between two groups: one group consists of Georgian (T. turgidum ssp. paleocolchicum A. Love & D. Love) and Persian (T. turgidum ssp. carthlicum (Nevski) A. Love & D. Love) wheat accessions, while the other group comprises all the remaining tetraploids including wild emmer. This is consistent with a previously reported introgression in this genomic region from T. timopheevii Zhuk. which naturally cohabit in the Georgian and neighboring areas. This region harbored several adaptive genes, including the thermomorphogenesis gene PIF4, which confers temperature‐resilient disease resistance and regulates other biological processes. Genome scans can be used to fast‐track germplasm housed in gene banks and in situ; which helps to identify environmentally resilient accessions for breeding and/or to prioritize them for conservation.
Pioneering Pathways
Authors: Hornegger Joachim , Zipse Oliver 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSuccessful sustainability transformation is a collective endeavour that demands innovative, science-based collaboration between academia and industry. Striving towards Net Zero, the mutual learning and integration of their strengths are imperative. This chapter features the introductory discussion between Joachim Hornegger, President of FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, and Oliver Zipse, Chairman of the Board of Management of BMW AG, exploring the why and how of collaborative efforts in Sect. 1.3. This chapter also serves as an introduction to the book, offering in Sect. 1.4 an overview of key topics on ‘The Road to Net Zero’. These range from science-based targets to integrated strategies, reporting, and the pivotal role of technological innovations. While not presenting a blueprint solution, the described transformation journey—‘Road to Net Zero’ in this book—outlines a roadmap and encourages robust university–industry collaboration.
Grid Emergency Decision Technology
Authors: Yu Zhen , Feng Jie , Tang Shiyang , Liu Zeyu , Yan Yiran , Luo Na 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFrom the perspective of system theory, the so-called mechanism refers to the operation mechanism and working principle of the system, and in fact, it is the operation mode of the internal components of the system and the operation rules and principles of the mutual connection and interaction between the elements.
Challenges of assessing the burden of sepsis
Authors: Fleischmann-Struzek Carolin , Rudd Kristina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Sepsis is one of the most frequent causes of death worldwide, but the recording of population-based epidemiology is challenging, which is why reliable data on sepsis incidence and mortality are only available in a few, mostly highly-resourced countries.

Objective
The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview of sepsis epidemiology worldwide and in Germany based on current literature, to identify challenges in this research area, and to give an outlook on future developments.

Materials and methods
Selective literature review. PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for current literature. The results were processed narratively.

Results
Based on modeling studies or meta-analyses of prospective studies, global annual sepsis incidence was found to be 276–678/100,000 persons. Case fatality ranged from 22.5 to 26.7%. However, current data sources have several limitations, as administrative data of selected individual countries—mostly with high income—were used as their basis. In these administrative data, sepsis is captured with limited validity. Prospective studies using clinical data often have limited comparability or lack population reference.

Conclusion
There is a lack of reliable data sources and definitions to monitor the epidemiology of sepsis and collect reliable global estimates. Increased policy efforts and new scientific approaches are needed to improve our understanding of sepsis epidemiology, identify vulnerable populations, and develop and target effective interventions.
Two-Dimensional Ferronematics, Canonical Harmonic Maps and Minimal Connections
Authors: Canevari Giacomo , Majumdar Apala , Stroffolini Bianca , Wang Yiwei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe study a variational model for ferronematics in two-dimensional domains, in the “super-dilute” regime. The free energy functional consists of a reduced Landau-de Gennes energy for the nematic order parameter, a Ginzburg–Landau type energy for the spontaneous magnetisation, and a coupling term that favours the co-alignment of the nematic director and the magnetisation. In a suitable asymptotic regime, we prove that the nematic order parameter converges to a canonical harmonic map with non-orientable point defects, while the magnetisation converges to a singular vector field, with line defects that connect the non-orientable point defects in pairs, along a minimal connection.
Bayesian cost-effectiveness analysis of Whole genome sequencing versus Whole exome sequencing in a pediatric population with suspected genetic disorders
Authors: Nurchis Mario Cesare , Radio Francesca Clementina , Salmasi Luca , Heidar Alizadeh Aurora , Raspolini Gian Marco , Altamura Gerardo , Tartaglia Marco , Dallapiccola Bruno , Damiani Gianfranco 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGenetic diseases are medical conditions caused by sequence or structural changes in an individual’s genome. Whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) are increasingly used for diagnosing suspected genetic conditions in children to reduce the diagnostic delay and accelerating the implementation of appropriate treatments. While more information is becoming available on clinical efficacy and economic sustainability of WES, the broad implementation of WGS is still hindered by higher complexity and economic issues. The aim of this study is to estimate the cost-effectiveness of WGS versus WES and standard testing for pediatric patients with suspected genetic disorders. A Bayesian decision tree model was set up. Model parameters were retrieved both from hospital administrative datasets and scientific literature. The analysis considered a lifetime time frame and adopted the perspective of the Italian National Health Service (NHS). Bayesian inference was performed using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation method. Uncertainty was explored through a probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) and a value of information analysis (VOI). The present analysis showed that implementing first-line WGS would be a cost-effective strategy, against the majority of the other tested alternatives at a threshold of €30,000–50,000, for diagnosing outpatient pediatric patients with suspected genetic disorders. According to the sensitivity analyses, the findings were robust to most assumption and parameter uncertainty. Lessons learnt from this modeling study reinforces the adoption of first-line WGS, as a cost-effective strategy, depending on actual difficulties for the NHS to properly allocate limited resources.