bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AI meets ALP in voce
Authors: Perales Blanco Verónica 
Published: January 2024

Finnegans Wake es la última obra escrita por el escritor irlandés James Joyce. En ella, la creciente complejidad narrativa que lo caracterizó alcanza niveles extremos, rozando lo ininteligible. El autor no sólo mezcla diferentes idiomas, también inventa nuevos términos que germinan y se significan, en gran medida, desde su dimensión sonora. Personajes, y acontecimientos reales y ficticios se mezclan, formando una amalgama donde variantes de arquetipos mitológicos transcurren una glocalidad cíclica perpetua. La protagonista femenina, Anna Livia Plurabelle (ALP), es un personaje mutante que deviene diferentes elementos naturales a lo largo del texto. El murmullo del río se confunde con el suyo propio, en un pulso narrativo que sobrescribe la orilla en la historia. De fondo siempre se oyen voces y, aunque no son claras, sugieren.
Esta obra literaria no se lee, se escucha; no se entiende, se deduce.
La presente investigación se sitúa en el contexto actual de auge en la aplicación de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) al procesado de textos. Somete a prueba la transcripción realizada a partir de la locución de algunos pasajes de Finnegans Wake, evaluando el grado de acierto y los posibles sesgos o desviaciones de los resultados.
Adult extrarenal teratoid Wilms’ tumor: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Liao Linhong , Cheng Hui 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
A 19-year-old woman presented with painless lower abdominal discomfort and a cystic-solid mass measuring 15.9 cm on the right ovary. She subsequently underwent laparoscopic right ovarian cystectomy. Microscopic examination of the mass showed the typical morphological features of Wilms’ tumor and the predominance of teratoid elements constituting more than 50% of the tumor. To date, few cases of extrarenal teratoid Wilms’ tumor (TWTs) in adults have been reported in the literature. The case presented in the present is the third reported case of adult extrarenal TWT occurring in ovary.
Diphtheria case detection and carrier study of close contacts: A step towards diphtheria eradication
Authors: Shah Shilpa R. , Karanje Nisha C. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Diphtheria is an infectious disease caused by gram-positive bacilli C. diphtheriae involving nasal, pharyngeal, tonsillar, or laryngeal mucus membranes. The mortality rate is as high as 20%, with India contributing almost 78% of the world incidence.

Aims and Objectives:
We report a fatal case of nasopharyngeal diphtheria with carrier study in close contacts.

Materials and Methods:
Seven years child presented with fever, throat pain, and earache for 3 days followed by neck swelling and noisy respiration. On examination, membrane was present in the throat, which was received for Albert and Gram staining and reported as positive for C. diphtheria like organisms followed by culture. The patient was treated with ADS and antibiotics, and intensively managed, but still succumbed to death. Follow-up was done for carriage of C. diphtheriae on the throat and nasopharyngeal swabs of siblings and close contacts. It was isolated in 3 of them. Samples were processed for Gram, Albert stain, and culture. Identification, antibiotic sensitivity, and toxigenicity were done.

Results and Discussion:
Four samples, one from the patient and three from contacts showed the presence of gram-positive slender bacilli with cuneiform arrangement, less cellular infiltrate on the Gram stain, and the presence of few metachromatic granules in the Albert stain. C. diphtheriae was grown on Potassium Tellurite agar. Antibiogram of all isolates was similar with resistance to Erythromycin and sensitivity to Penicillin. Isolates were confirmed by PCR and ToxA gene was detected. Contacts were treated with Penicillin and repeat swabs were negative.

Conclusion:
Present health statistics and this study suggests, fight against diphtheria in India is far from being over. It still lurks in some remote areas. It is a need to remain vigilant, keep tracing, and treating contacts to curtail down the rate of infection. In view of the resurgence, Government has given directives to replace TT with Td in UIP. Still, a lot needs to be done.
Cytomorphometric analysis of buccal mucosal cells in iron deficiency anemia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Swati S Patil , Sangeeta J Palaskar , Bindiya R Narang , Rasika B Pawar , Pargatsingh T Kathuriya , Yogesh S Khandalkar 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Worldwide, at any given moment, more individuals have iron deficiency anemia (IDA) than any other health problems. Very few studies have been conducted to evaluate changes in oral mucosa in IDA. The present study is undertaken for cytomorphometric analysis of buccal mucosal cells in IDA. Nuclear diameter (ND), cell diameter (CD), nuclear area (NA), cell area (CA), and nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (N/C) are measured and compared in buccal mucosal cells of IDA patients and controls.

Aims:
To evaluate cytomorphometric changes in epithelial cells of oral mucosa in IDA and to compare these changes with the controls.

Settings and Design:
A cross-sectional study.

Methods and Materials:
Forty cases of IDA and forty cases of control group were selected for the study. IDA cases were diagnosed with decreased Hb level, MCV, MCH, MCHC and confirmed by decreased serum iron and increased total iron-binding capacity levels. Cytomorphometric analysis of buccal mucosa was performed to study CA, CD, NA, ND, and N/C ratio.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Statistical analysis was done using t- test in SPSS software version 4.

Result:
Results of our study showed increased cell area, cell diameter, nuclear area, nuclear diameter, and nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio in anemic group as compared to controls.

Conclusion:
The study suggests that individuals with IDA regardless of clinically visible oral lesions show cytological changes in oral mucosal epithelium. Knowledge of quantitative alterations in oral epithelial cells of IDA patients is important as these alterations are similar to those seen in precancerous and radiation-induced changes. Cytomorphometry is an efficient tool to understand the extent of cellular changes that occur in oral epithelial cells in IDA.
The curious case of T-cell mediated renal allograft rejection after Covid-19 infection
Authors: Basu Keya , Karmakar Subhrajyoti , Dasgupta Sougata , Sengupta Moumita 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Our case illustrates the possible explanation of renal allograft rejection in a patient who had recovered from Covid-19 infection in the post-transplant period, which ultimately led to the death of the patient. A 27-year-old male patient received renal allograft from his mother, with an uneventful post-transplant period. Three years after the transplantation he contracted Covid-19 infection. The patient recovered from Covid-19 infection after being treated according to the treatment protocol. Subsequently, in the next 2 weeks, he presented with heavy proteinuria and a rise in serum creatinine level. Renal biopsy examination showed features of acute T-cell mediated rejection (TCMR) without any evidence of antibody-mediated rejection. He was given all due care but he deteriorated quickly leading to his death. This case highlights the inter-relation between Covid-19 infection and acute TCMR of the renal allograft, where renal biopsy serves as an indispensable tool in understanding its pathophysiology.
Etiopathogenesis, diagnostic evaluation, and management of ovarian tuberculosis: A systematic review
Authors: Nagpal Ashutosh , Chaudhary Poras 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTOvarian tuberculosis is a rare entity with non-specific clinical manifestations, difficult diagnosis, and specific medical management. Ovarian involvement in tuberculosis (TB) may occur in two forms, namely, perioophoritis and oophoritis. The constitutional symptoms of tuberculosis such as anorexia, weight loss, night sweats, and evening rise in temperature have been reported in up to 45% of patients. Misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis are common. A direct histopathological demonstration is the best diagnostic modality. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the study of choice and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay increases its sensitivity. The standard short-course antituberculous for 6 months is recommended for isolated ovarian tuberculosis and for widespread disease, 12 months of therapy is recommended. Surgery is reserved for failure of medical therapy and abscess formation. There are many studies on genito-urinary tuberculosis but a detailed study defining diagnostic studies and management guidelines is still lacking. This article aims to present and share a review of the English-language literature on ovarian tuberculosis to gain a better understanding of etiopathogenesis and diagnostic methods and to provide guidelines for its management.
Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma masquerading as focal nodular hyperplasia of liver: A wolf in sheep’s clothing
Authors: Ghosh Ranajoy , Halder Aniket , Nim Ranjit K. , Ray Sukanta , Chatterjee Uttara 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma is a rare hepatic malignancy which requires exclusion of other primary site of origin. Clinical presentation and imaging of this tumor is nonspecific and mimics many other hepatic neoplasms. A 62-year-old female patient presents here with right hepatic mass with insidious onset and radiological features favoring a benign solid lesion suggestive of focal nodular hyperplasia. On right hepatectomy, an encapsulated mass identified about 11 cm in maximum dimension with pushing margin and central scar-like area. Histopathological examination reveals a spindle cell tumor and panel of immunohistochemical markers is required to distinguish it from other morphological mimickers. Diagnosis of primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma requires histopathology along with immunohistochemical examination. It is thus advisable to do preoperative biopsy with immunohistochemistry in all patients having atypical imaging and clinical features.
Frontiers of geriatric mental health research amidst COVID-19 pandemic: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Kumar L Manoj , George Rinu J. , Nadaraj Ambily 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Geriatric population got prominently affected by COVID-19 pandemic in global context. Compromised immunity, comorbidities, and psychosocial factors have contributed to the physical and mental health of the elderly. The aim of this study was to analyze published literature globally by medical fraternity in the field of geriatric mental health during and post-COVID-19 pandemic. Bibliometric information on literature regarding said topic using specific keywords was searched and collected from the Scopus database. VOSviewer (1.6.18) was applied to conduct bibliometric analysis (BA) and visualization. The study highlighted the most significant journals, authors, co-cited authors, institutions, keywords co-occurrence, and most contributed countries in the area of Geriatric Mental Health research during COVID-19 on the basis of BA of studies taken from the database of Scopus for the past 3 years (2020–first quarter of 2023). To give researchers, decision-makers, and stakeholders a comprehensive view of the field of geriatric mental health-related research at COVID-19, this study employed bibliometric and scientific mapping approaches. Publications on the topic displayed a great deal of support from developed nations, especially the United States, which also produced a lot of publications of high quality.
Knowledge about Alzheimer’s disease among physicians: A cross-sectional study from Anand, Gujarat
Authors: Marathe Amey , Dharaiya Darshan , Gohel Manisha , Prabhakaran Anusha , Varma Jagdish 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
There are limited studies from India on knowledge about Alzheimer’s disease (AD) among physicians. Hence, this study was done to identify the knowledge and perceptions about AD among medical practitioners.

Methodology:
Anonymous cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical practitioners having at least MBBS degree. The study questionnaire included (a) demography and (b) AD Knowledge Scale (ADKS).

Results:
Among the 184 respondents, knowledge about AD was below par, scoring mean of 18.8 (standard deviation: 3.28) out of 30. On the subdomains of the ADKS scale, mean correct rate was highest in the subdomain of assessment (75.8%) and low in subdomains of risk factors (53.2%), symptoms (56.4%), and caregiving (52.9%). Despite 79 (42.9%) having dementia-related clinical encounters in the past 3 months, 171 (92.9%) participants had no training in geriatric medicine.

Conclusions:
There is a significant lack of knowledge about AD among the study population. However, the knowledge is higher among those who have had dementia- related clinical encounters.
Refractive Changes among Diode Laser-treated Retinopathy of Prematurity Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Alqurashi Lujain , Alfaraidi Albaraa , Almahmoudi Faeeqah , Danish Enam , Hadrawi Manal 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to assess the refractive outcomes of patients who underwent indirect laser photocoagulation for prethreshold type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and high-risk type 2 prethreshold ROP in comparison to conservatively managed low-risk prethreshold type 2 ROP.

METHODS:
A retrospective analysis was carried out on infants screened for ROP between the years 2015 and 2020. Surviving children who had developed ROP in one or both eyes and received diode laser photocoagulation and those with conservatively managed regressed type 2 ROP who underwent at least one cycloplegic retinoscopy were included in the study.

RESULTS:
A total of 144 patients were screened for ROP between 2015 and 2020 at our institution. One hundred and thirty patients (260 eyes) fulfilled the study criteria and were included in this study. The treated group consisted of 132 eyes of 66 infants, of which 38 (14.6%) eyes had prethreshold type 1 ROP while 94 (36.2%) eyes had high-risk prethreshold type 2. The nontreated control group consisted of 128 (49.2%) eyes of 64 infants with low-risk type 2 prethreshold ROP. Earlier prematurity was found to be a significant determinant of the mean change in spherical equivalent among different gestational age groups (P = 0.035). In our cohort, we found that myopia is significantly related to Zone II ROP in comparison to Zone III ROP in the treated eyes (22% vs. 9%) (P = 0.002). No statistically significant difference was found in the final refraction among the treated eyes in relation to the birth weight or stage of prematurity.

CONCLUSION:
In the present study, the majority of patients who were treated with diode laser for ROP had favorable anatomical and refractive outcomes. In contrast to previous studies that had suggested a trend toward myopia in laser-treated patients, in our study, the majority (71%) were hyperopes. This study suggests that other factors such as the stage and zone of ROP possibly contribute more to the development of myopia than the laser photocoagulation itself.
Optic Nerve Head Infiltration in Presumed Tuberculous Uveitis
Authors: Abouammoh Marwan A. , Azizalrahman Lojain A. , Albloushi Abdulrahman F. , Abu El-Asrar Ahmed M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
To report the clinical and multimodal imaging findings of presumed tuberculous optic nerve head (ONH) infiltration in 3 patients at a tertiary eye care center. In addition to unilateral presumed tuberculous ONH infiltration, all patients had clinical findings suggestive of tuberculous choroidal involvement which was confirmed by Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). All patients were treated successfully with a combination of antituberculous regimen and systemic corticosteroids.
Corneal Endothelial Toxicity Secondary to Topical 5-fluorouracil
Authors: Alsaleh Ahmed , Alfarhan Abdulrahman 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is an important chemotherapy adjunct for the management of conjunctival and corneal dysplasia. Since it is possible for this agent to gain access to the anterior chamber, several reports in the literature have demonstrated 5-FU long-term safety and efficacy. Although recent publications reported that topical 5-FU has no cytotoxic effect on the corneal endothelium, we report a patient affected by bilateral ocular surface squamous neoplasia who has developed significant endothelial density and morphology changes after starting a course of 5-FU.
Topography and Choroidal Thickness Measurement in Healthy Asian Indian Subjects using RTVue XR 100 Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Mansoori Tarannum , Charan Aknoor S. R. , Nagalla Balakrishna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:

PURPOSE:
The purpose was to study the choroidal thickness and its profile, derived from different point locations in healthy Asian Indian subjects using RTVue XR 100 optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to determine its correlation with age, refractive error, and axial length.

METHODS:
In this cross-sectional study, 300 eyes of 150 healthy subjects, with no ocular pathology, were scanned in a single session, using a line scan protocol of RTVue XR 100 OCT. Choroidal thickness was measured at the subfoveal region, and six measurements were obtained on either side of the fovea (temporal and nasal) at 500 μm interval apart, up to 3000 μm. The correlation between subfoveal choroidal thickness and age, refractive error, and axial length was assessed.

RESULTS:
Three hundred eyes of 150 healthy subjects were included in the analysis. Median age of the study participants was 55 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 44–61). The median subfoveal choroidal thickness was 235 μm (IQR: 210–263). The choroidal thickness was minimum at nasal 3000 μm from the fovea, while it was maximum in the subfoveal region. The point zones which were near the fovea showed thicker choroidal thickness than the outer zones, both nasally and temporally (P < 0.00001 at all locations), and at all point locations the choroid were thicker temporally than nasally (All P < 0.00001). Subfoveal choroidal thickness showed negative correlation with age (coefficient = −0.62, P = 0.03) and axial length (correlation = −8.52, P = 0.02). A decrease in subfoveal choroidal thickness of 0.62 μm/year was found by regression analysis.

CONCLUSION:
Our study provides normative database and topographic profile of choroidal thickness in the normal Asian Indian eyes using RTVue XR 100 OCT.
Sarcopenia of Ageing: Does a Healthier Lifestyle Matter in Reversing the Trajectory? A Brief Narrative Review and a Call for Action in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alghannam Abdullah F. , Alharbi Dalal S. , Al-Hazzaa Hazzaa M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The concept of health span is an emerging topic in recent years, with a truly palpable relevance to public health. With ageing comes a loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and performance, which is termed as sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is a major public health concern and poses a challenge to health-care systems. Modifiable lifestyle factors may be linked to the course of sarcopenia progression. Many countries developed diagnostic tools to accurately detect sarcopenia for its prevention, delay, or treatment. However, to date, there is no sufficient information regarding the status of sarcopenia in Saudi Arabia. The review aims to discuss sarcopenia and relevant updates in research and literature, the association with modifiable lifestyle factors, the implications of sarcopenia in a rapidly developing country such as Saudi Arabia, and the current state and need for research in Saudi Arabia in this domain along with future directions in combating this disease.
Ectopia Lentis: Clinical profiles in a large cohort of children from a Tertiary Eye Care network in India
Authors: Bhate Manjushree , Das Anthony Vipin , Kekunnaya Ramesh , Sachdeva Virender , Ramappa Muralidhar , Warkad Vivek , Majhi Debasmita 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:

PURPOSE:
To study the clinical presentations, visual, and refractive profiles of children with congenital ectopia lentis in a large cohort of patients from a tertiary eye care network in India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A retrospective review of electronic medical records from December 2012 to December 2020 was conducted. Two hundred and ninety-seven consecutive children ≤18 years of age at presentation were identified and analyzed for demographic details, patient distribution, lens subluxation, visual, and refractive profiles before and after the interventions.

RESULTS:
Five hundred and ninety-four eyes of 297 (male 56%; n = 166) patients were analyzed. The mean age at presentation was 8.74 ± 3.89. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at presentation ranged from 0.3 logMAR to 3.5 logMAR; (Snellen: 6/9 – close to face [CF]) (mean 0.89 ± 0.68). High myopia (n = 201; 33.83%) and mild astigmatism (n = 340; 57.23%) were more frequent. Temporal (n = 108; 18.18%) subluxation was most common followed by superior. Lensectomy with limited vitrectomy was performed in 243 eyes of 127 patients (40.90%). Median preoperative BCVA was 1.0 (range: 0.3–3.5 logMAR; 20/40 - CF). Median postoperative BCVA was 0.5 logMAR (6/18) in the pseudophakic group and 0.6 logMAR (6/24) in the aphakic group. Spherical equivalent in myopic children reduced from −12.06 ± 6.84D to −1.57D (−0.25D to − 5.5D) in the pseudophakic group and +9.3D (+5.5D to 15.5D) in the aphakic group.

CONCLUSION:
This study is a large cohort of children presenting with ectopia lentis. Following intervention, an improvement in the median BCVA and refractive correction was noted in the entire cohort.
Periodontal Status and Potential Risk Factors in the Myanmar Population: Data from the First National Oral Health Survey in 2016–2017
Authors: Thwin Kaung Myat , Ogawa Hiroshi , Phantumvanit Prathip , Songpaisan Yupin , Miyazaki Hideo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Periodontal disease is quite common in many developing countries, but no nationally representative data on periodontal disease is available in Myanmar until 2016. A nationwide cross-sectional survey with a stratified two-stage sampling method was conducted among 4668 participants aged 12–74 years. Periodontal assessments and self-administered questionnaire surveys were conducted to assess the periodontal status and risk factors in the Myanmar population using data from the first national oral health survey in 2016–2017. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed to assess the prevalence of periodontitis and its association with potential risk factors. The prevalence of gingivitis was 38.2%, 41.5%, 44.4%, and 43.7% in 12, 15–18, 35–44, and 60–74 year-olds, respectively. The prevalence of periodontitis in the latter three age groups was 2.3%, 16.3%, and 35.2%, respectively. After adjusting for other risk factors, younger participants aged 15–18 years (odds ratio [OR]: 0.1, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.0–0.2) and aged 35–44 years (OR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3–0.5) were less likely to have periodontitis. Moreover, participants educated upto junior high school level (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1–2.7), primary school and below level (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2–3.2), everyday smokers (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.3–2.0), and everyday tobacco chewers (OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2–1.8) were associated with increased risk of periodontitis. Periodontal complications were prevalent in Myanmar older adults. Prevention efforts should focus on tobacco control and oral hygiene.