bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Breaking and Deshelling Machine of Roasted Cocoa Beans
Authors: Firmansyah Ilham , Soekarno Siswoyo , Firmanto Hendy , Harsono Soni Sisbudi 
Published: February 2024

The manual cracking and separation of cocoa beans' husk result in low working productivity, a high percentage of broken beans, and the difficulty of separating cocoa nibs from the husk. This poses a challenge for both farmers and industrial players in cocoa bean management, leading to the development of a cocoa bean dehusking machine (desheller). This study was conducted to analyze the performance of the cocoa bean dehusking machine. The research involved motor speeds of 500, 700, and 900 rpm, combined with roasted cocoa bean grades AA, A, and B. The observed parameters included working capacity, yield, nib percentage, percentage of husk adhering to nibs, power transmission efficiency, and power requirements. The working capacity of the cocoa bean deshelling machine ranged from 17,413 to 41,481 kg/h, with yields between 73.83% and 80.83%. The nib percentage varied from 92.13% to 98.61%, while the percentage of husk adhering to nibs ranged from 1.08% to 6.92%. Power transmission efficiency was between 92.24% and 94.14%, and power requirements ranged from 601.33 to 645.33 watts. The best treatment in this study was found at a motor speed of 900 rpm with cocoa bean grade of AA. Keywords: Desheller, Nibs, Roasted cocoa beans, Shell, Yield
Digital twin simulation modeling, artificial intelligence-based Internet of Manufacturing Things systems, and virtual machine and cognitive computing algorithms in the Industry 4.0-based Slovak labor market
Authors: Valaskova Katarina , Nagy Marek , Grecu Gheorghe 
Published: February 2024

Research background: On the basis of an analysis of the current situation and expectations in the field of implementation of the elements of the Industry 4.0 concept, the purpose of this paper is to identify the effects on the labor market in large manufacturing enterprises in the Slovak Republic.
Purpose of the article: The presented work has a theoretical-empirical nature and consists of a theoretical section and a practical section, which includes statistical indicator analysis and quantitative research. In the theoretical section, the paper discusses the issue of Industry 4.0 in general, with a focus on its impact on the labor market, thus laying the groundwork for future research on the subject.
Methods: The output of this work is an analysis of selected indicators of the manufacturing industry sector in the Slovak Republic, based on the most recent employment data analysis in the first stage and quantitative research survey in the second stage, with the respondents being manufacturing industry companies operating in the Slovak Republic, and whose primary objective is to determine the current status of the implementation of the elements and technologies of Industry 4.0 in production companies in the Slovak Republic, as well as the factors influencing this situation, such as digital twin simulation modeling, artificial intelligence-based Internet of Manufacturing Things systems, and virtual machine and cognitive computing algorithms.
Findings & value added: The research findings indicate that the degree of digitization adopted by businesses in the Slovak Republic is comparatively less robust and more sluggish to adapt. This is primarily attributable to the underdeveloped educational system, population reluctance, self-actualization, and inadequate state support. Recommendations for the Slovak market aim to increase the digital proficiency of businesses and of the general populace through various means, such as reforming legislation, enhancing state support for entrepreneurs, and modifying the education system, constituting the added value of the work.
Social Conflict in the Short Story ‘Ad-Dalīlu At-Tāih (The Lost Guide)’ by Najib Kailani (A Sociological Study of Karl Marx)
Authors: Lutfiana Rima , Dewi Intan Sari 
Published: February 2024

تحكي القصة القصيرة "الدليل التائه" في مختارات الكابوس لنجيب كيلاني عن حياة الشخصية الرئيسية التي تريد السعي وراء الشرف. الغرض من هذا البحث هو معرفة أشكال الصراع وأسبابه الاجتماعي في القصة القصيرة. الطريقة المستخدمة هي طريقة وصفية نوعية من خلال وصف البيانات التي تم العثور عليها. تشير نتائج هذه الدراسة إلى وجود شكلين فقط هما الصراع الشخصي والصراع بين الطبقات الاجتماعية. والصراع الشخصي يوجد إحدى عشرة بيانة وأما الصراع بين الطبقات الاجتماعية خمس بيانات. بينما لم يتم العثور على أشكال أخرى من الصراع مثل الصراع العنصري والصراع السياسي والصراع الدولي. أسباب الصراع الاجتماعي في القصة القصيرة عند نظرية كارل ماركس هو التغيير الاجتماعي والطبقة الاجتماعية والسلطة. وأما المشاكل أو المشكلات الاقتصادية التى تسبب الى تكوين الطبقتين و هما الطبقة العليا والطبقة الدنيا.
Abstract
The short story "Ad-Dalīlu at-Tāih" from Najib Kailani's anthology "Al-Kābūs" explores the search for dignity by its protagonist. This research aims to identify the forms and causes of social conflict within the story. Employing a descriptive qualitative method, the study analyzes relevant data. The findings reveal two primary forms of social conflict: personal conflicts and conflicts between social classes. Eleven instances of personal conflict and five of class conflict were identified, while other forms like racial, political, and international conflicts were absent. Drawing upon Karl Marx's theories, the study attributes the social conflict in the story to factors such as social change, class structure, and power dynamics. The emergence of economic disparity leads to the formation of two distinct classes: the upper and lower classes.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE GOAL DIRECTED DESIGN PADA TRACER STUDY PROGRAM STUDI SISTEM INFORMASI UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR
Authors: ERFINA  , SYAHBUDIN  
Published: February 2024

Sistem tracer study yang diterapkan saat ini oleh Prodi Sistem Informasi Fakultas Sain dan Teknologi UIN Alauddin Makassar masih kurang efektif dan efesien. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang sebuah sistem informasi tracer study pada Program Studi Sistem Informasi Fakultas Sains dan Tekonologi UIN Alauddin Makassar dengan mengimplementasikan user interface metode Goal -Directed Design. Hasil penelitian menunjukan aplikasi yang dibangun mempermudah Program Studi Sistem Informasi dalam melacak data alumni serta menyajikan informasi profil alumni secara efektif dan efesien serta hasil pengujian System Usability Scale (SUS) pada sistem ini adalah 80.25 dengan grade “B” hal ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem ini telah layak digunakan dan dapat memudahkan dalam menyelesaikan masalah pelacakan data alumni
THE EFFECT OF STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICAL DISPOSITION ON MATHEMATICAL CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Arifuddin Ahmad , Wahyudin Wahyudin , Prabawanto Sufyani 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
This study investigates the effect of students' mathematical dispositions on elementary school students' mathematical critical thinking abilities. The existing problems are related to low critical thinking skills and poor mathematical disposition of students, including low curiosity, low ability to ask questions during the mathematics learning, and poor ability to provide logical reasons for communicating ideas. This research was quasi-experimental, where the participants in this study amounted to 49 5th-grade students in two integrated Islamic elementary schools in Cirebon City, Indonesia. Data was collected through a questionnaire of students' mathematical disposition and a test of mathematical critical thinking ability. The data analysis employed descriptive statistical analysis and simple regression analysis. The research found that the students' mathematical disposition significantly affects elementary school students' mathematical critical thinking ability. The significance value is significant (sig. 0.000 <0.05) with a correlation coefficient of 0.597. The results also reveal that students with a high level of mathematical disposition perform better in mathematical critical thinking ability than students with medium and low mathematical dispositions. So, it can be concluded that the mathematical disposition influences students' mathematical critical thinking abilities.
Abstrak:
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi pengaruh disposisi matematis siswa terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa sekolah dasar. Dengan adanya permasalahan terkait rendahnya kemampuan berpikir kritis dan disposisi matematis siswa yang kurang baik, seperti rasa ingin tahu yang rendah, kemampuan bertanya ketika proses belajar matematika yang rendah serta kemampuan memberikan alasan yang logis dalam mengkomunikasikan ide-ide yang kurang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 49 siswa kelas 5 di 2 (dua) sekolah dasar Islam terpadu di Kota Cirebon, Indonesia. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket disposisi matematis dan tes kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis. Sementara itu, data hasil penelitian dianalisis melalui analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis regresi sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa disposisi matematis siswa berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa sekolah dasar. Nilai signifikansinya sebesar sig. 0.000 < 0.05 dengan koefisien korelasi 0.597. Hasil penelitian juga mengungkapkan bahwa siswa yang memiliki level disposisi matematis tinggi, kemampuan berpikir kritis matematisnya lebih baik dibandingkan dengan siswa yang memiliki level disposisi matematis sedang dan rendah. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa disposisi matematis berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa.
Problems of Reimbursement of Expenses for the Defence Lawyer’s Representation in the Case of a Judgment of Acquitta l
Authors: Šalčius Marijus , Milinis Albertas 
Published: February 2024

Summary
In this article, the authors analyse problems of reimbursement of expenses for the defence lawyer’s representation in the case of a judgement of acquittal. The identification of problems is based on the analysis of EU law, ECtHR jurisprudence and the legal regulation of some European countries. During the research, it was identified that the establishment of the aforementioned right is not mandatory according to the EU law and is left to the discretion of the Member States. It was also found that realization of this right of the acquitted person often balances on the edge of the conflict between individual’s and public interest. Although the right of the acquitted person to reimbursement of the expenses for the defence lawyer’s representation is provided in all States analysed in the Article, the application of this right is quite different. In some of the analysed States, the aforementioned right is guaranteed not only to the acquitted person but also to the one in respect of who the criminal proceedings are terminated or he is partially acquitted. Taking into account the identified lack of the legal regulation in Lithuania and adopting good practices of other European countries, proposals are presented in the Article on how the legal regulation of Lithuania could be improved. According to the authors, the realization of these proposals would allow to achieve an optimal balance between the individual and public interests.
The impact of a multidisciplinary approach on elderly patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Salcudean Andreea , Vlad Anca Gabriela , Neagos Adriana , Neagos Cristian Mircea 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND. The COVID-19 pandemic had a devastating impact in terms of both somatic and mental morbidity. The most vulnerable group of patients is represented by the elderly, due to their global fragility. During the COVID-19 pandemic, research have stated that age and related comorbidities are associated with the outcome and evolution of the coronavirus infection.

MATERIAL AND METHODS. We performed a prospective observational study by applying a specific unsystematized questionnaire containing 21 questions, including patients admitted between 01.10.2021-16.03.2022 in the Internal Medicine Clinic and the Infectious Diseases Clinic COVID-19. Two hundred patients were included in the study of which the most important group was represented by the elderly. The current study aimed to demonstrate the clinical complexity of the patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach.

RESULTS. Among those patients who complained of cardiovascular symptoms such as tachycardia, palpitations, chest pains, 59.6% had no cardiac pathology, therefore they required psychiatric examination and specific anxiolytic and/or antidepressant treatment. Despite the fact that alarmingly low rates of vaccination were observed, we noticed a statistically significant association between the presence of insomnia and vaccination status: half of the vaccinated stated that they sleep as well as usual, compared to only 22.8% of the unvaccinated. We also found a statistically significant association between the presence of insomnia and peripheric oxygen saturations below 93%.

CONCLUSION. The results of our study highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary management of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially targeting the elderly and fragile patients.
Impact of obstructive sleep apnea on patients'’ quality of life
Authors: Baycheva Silvena , Georgieva Gergana , Stoykov Miroslav , Milkov Mario , Enchev Mihael 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a very commonly spread disease, not only in Bulgaria, but all over the world. One of the reasons for this is that patients suffering from OSA find it difficult to share their problem with their treating doctor (sleep doctor or ENT specialist). Doctor-patient communication is extremely important when gaining the patient'’s trust, for the early detection and diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep disorders lead to a decrease in the quality of life, due to frequent anxiety, fatigue, depressive states, reduced cognitive and motor functions, lack of energy, headaches and sleepiness throughout the day. Improving the quality of life of patients is a primary goal of the health care system, which is conveyed in patient care aimed at reducing or eliminating the effects of diseases and their associated negative psychological and social effects. Prevention, screening and effective communication with the patient are extremely important for a successful diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders.
Factors associated with complications and mortality of deep neck abscesses in adults
Authors: García-López America Jazmin , Lugo-Machado Juan Antonio , Sainz-Fuentes Noemí , Quintero-Bauman Alejandra , Jiménez-Rodríguez Martha , Martín Edwin Miguel Canche , Reina-Loaiza José Roberto 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Our objective was to evaluate the factors associated with complications and death in patients with abscesses of the deep spaces of the neck.
MATERIAL AND METHODS. An observational, cross-sectional, analytical, retrospective study was conducted from 2017 to 2022. Demographic variables, comorbidities, affected spaces, management, need for tracheostomy, ICU care, presence and type of complications and death were collected. Descriptive statistics were applied as measures of central tenure and measures of dispersion, for inferential analysis; Pearson'’s Chi-square or Fisher'’s exact tests, odds ratio for risk analysis, binary logistic regression test to evaluate the predictor variables were used.
RESULTS. We included 46 cases; mean age 44.41 ±13.84 years; 60.87% male patients. As comorbidities, we found diabetes alone and diabetes with hypertension as the most frequent. Three affected neck spaces were in 44% of patients. 46% needed a tracheostomy, this parameter being significantly associated with complications (p=0.037) and mortality (p=0.037). The need for intensive care and complications revealed a p=0.000 and with a p=0.005 for mortality; days of hospitalization ≥ 11 days was significantly associated with complications (p=0.005) and death (p=0.013). Hospital stay ≥11 days were risk factors for complications (OR=1.357, 95%CI 1.037-1.776) and death (OR=1.267, 95%CI 1.004-1.598); the need for ICU and complications had an OR=78.00 (95%CI 5.726 -1062.546), ICU and death had an OR=39.000 (95%CI 3.046-499.323). The variables ICU admission, tracheotomies and hospital stay ≥11 days were predictors of complications and death.
CONCLUSION. The need for tracheostomy, ICU admission, hospitalizations ≥11 days are associated with complications and death in patients with deep neck abscesses. The same variables were risk factors and predictors of mortality and complications.
The Interests of Local Communities in the Transboundary Dimension: Considerations on the Dispute Regarding the Turów Lignite Mine
Authors: Kusiak-Winter Renata 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The objective of this article is to look for the answer to the question of whether the applicable public law regulations contain adequate mechanisms enabling the realisation of the interests of local communities in the transboundary dimension. The background to the considerations will be an analysis of the spatial planning and environmental impact assessment procedures in connection with the planned expansion of the area of the open cast Turów lignite mine.
Techniques of Discovery: Cryptography and Design
Authors: Bottazzi Roberto 
Published: February 2024

Among the core technologies forming the rich archaeology of computation, cryptography is perhaps a subject that has received little attention in architectural studies thus far. However, there are fruitful considerations to draw from a closer inspection of the vast repertoire of techniques that cryptography has developed over a period of about seven centuries. First of all, a deeper historical perspective will help frame cryptography as a technology for discovery rather than solely protecting military and diplomatic secrets. Secondly, these considerations can be of relevance to design as they offer thoughts for both conceptual reflections and practical applications. At a conceptual level, the symbolic, discrete computation accompanying the evolution of cryptographic methods – such as Alberti’s one in 1467 – marked a radical departure from the iconic semiotics of analogue machines. The non-mimetic nature of symbolic computation provided the technological means to significantly widen its range of applications and enhanced speculative thinking. Understood along these lines, cryptography found more general applications beyond concealing diplomatic secrets to provide a rigorous method for inquiry into unknown domains in order to make ‘noisy data’ intelligible. Finally, symbolic computation also provided more advanced techniques for abstraction that were also instrumental for constructing notational drawings, whose emergence coincided with the introduction of more advanced mathematical instruments in the renaissance.
The essay will discuss the key paradigmatic moments in the history of cryptography such as the polyalphabetic techniques proposed by L. B. Alberti in 1467 and the use of binary cryptography by Francis Bacon in 1605. Despite their distance from the present, these experiments provide a useful segue into a discussion on how the notion of cypher as a conceptual instrument accompanying the introduction of Machine Learning models in architectural and urban design.
The built environment and public spaces informing teaching and learning
Authors: Marques da Silva Sofia 
Published: February 2024

Modern learning environments have evolved beyond traditional classrooms, encompassing various settings like digital networks, social media, communities, and urban landscapes. The defining characteristics of an educational space include purpose and intentionality, going beyond conventional boundaries and offering students practical, context-specific learning experiences. Engagement with public spaces and the constructed environment facilitates spatial engagement and participation.
This text explores a critical pedagogy that aims to uncover institutional power and prevailing ideologies within everyday experiences, questioning the educational value of buildings, cities, streets, and walls. It examines the constructed environment as an educational tool, including cities, parks, houses, streets, public, and private spaces.
Within the domain of educational research, urban public spaces and the built environment serve as crucial contexts for graduate students, providing experiential learning opportunities and an in-depth analysis of the intricate relationship between political and pedagogical rationales that shape urban spaces and structures. This exploration also extends to the spaces between buildings and the practices that influence them.
Urban spaces offer genuine learning contexts, enhancing research skills and honing observational abilities. Students are encouraged to delve beneath the surface of familiarity, transcending self-evident truths.
The text presents three case studies examining cultures formed by young individuals in schools, urban populations, small communities, and urban artists. These studies spotlight the educational significance embedded within the interplay of spatial configurations and the inhabitants of these spaces.
Cover page:
PENGARUH ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE DAN ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PERUSAHAAN MELALUI CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DISCLOSURE
Authors: Gusnadi Dhia Hasna Rahmadhani , Nurhadi Nurhadi 
Published: February 2024

Aktivitas perusahaan tentu memiliki dampak pada lingkungan, maka dari itu perusahaan dituntut menerapkan konsep bisnis berkelanjutan Triple Bottom Lines. Penerapan triple bottom lines terutama segi environmental protection (planet) menilai bagaimana perusahaan dapat menghasilkan profit dan juga dapat meminimalkan dampak negatif bagi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh kinerja lingkungan dan biaya lingkungan terhadap profitabilitas perusahaan melalui pengungkapan lingkungan. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan 25 sampel perusahaan barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di BEI 2019 – 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian. Hasil uji hipotesis membuktikan bahwa environmental cost berpengaruh signifikan terhadap corporate social responsibility disclosure, namun environmental performance tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Sementara itu environmental cost dan corporate social responsibility disclosure berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas perusahaan, namun environmental performance tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Analisis jalur menemukan bahwa corporate social responsibility disclosure menjembatani pengaruh variabel environmental cost terhadap profitabilitas perusahaan, namun tidak mampu menjembatani pengaruh environmental performance terhadap profitabilitas perusahaan.