bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine-learning model for predicting oliguria in critically ill patients
Authors: Yamao Yasuo , Oami Takehiko , Yamabe Jun , Takahashi Nozomi , Nakada Taka-aki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis retrospective cohort study aimed to develop and evaluate a machine-learning algorithm for predicting oliguria, a sign of acute kidney injury (AKI). To this end, electronic health record data from consecutive patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) between 2010 and 2019 were used and oliguria was defined as a urine output of less than 0.5 mL/kg/h. Furthermore, a light-gradient boosting machine was used for model development. Among the 9,241 patients who participated in the study, the proportions of patients with urine output < 0.5 mL/kg/h for 6 h and with AKI during the ICU stay were 27.4% and 30.2%, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) values provided by the prediction algorithm for the onset of oliguria at 6 h and 72 h using 28 clinically relevant variables were 0.964 (a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.963–0.965) and 0.916 (a 95% CI of 0.914–0.918), respectively. The Shapley additive explanation analysis for predicting oliguria at 6 h identified urine values, severity scores, serum creatinine, oxygen partial pressure, fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products, interleukin-6, and peripheral temperature as important variables. Thus, this study demonstrates that a machine-learning algorithm can accurately predict oliguria onset in ICU patients, suggesting the importance of oliguria in the early diagnosis and optimal management of AKI.
Embayed beach configuration explained by wave sheltering
Authors: Nobre Silva Ana , Taborda Rui , Andrade César 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEmbayed beaches, characterized by their distinctive planform curvature, are a common feature along coastlines worldwide. This study introduces a novel approach to describe bay shape that extends our understanding about the processes that control embayed beach development. The novel approach was thoroughly tested against one-line models and applied to real-world cases covering a wide range of spatial scales, wave climate conditions and geomorphological settings. Here we show that the equilibrium curvature of embayed beaches can be correctly described and explained by considering headland-provided offshore wave sheltering alone, without explicitly accounting for wave shoaling, refraction, diffraction, or longshore transport. This holds true as long as the offshore wave climate is accurately characterized, including complete information regarding the mean and the spread of the incoming wave direction. For narrow-banded dominant swell wave regimes, the inclusion of background wind sea components has been identified as crucial for predicting curvature in the more sheltered embayed domain. The presented model significantly contributes to the understanding of how waves shape embayed beaches.
Blockchain security enhancement: an approach towards hybrid consensus algorithms and machine learning techniques
Authors: Venkatesan K. , Rahayu Syarifah Bahiyah 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we propose hybrid consensus algorithms that combine machine learning (ML) techniques to address the challenges and vulnerabilities in blockchain networks. Consensus Protocols make ensuring agreement among the applicants in the distributed systems difficult. However, existing mechanisms are more vulnerable to cyber-attacks. Previous studies extensively explore the influence of cyber attacks and highlight the necessity for effective preventive measures. This research presents the integration of ML techniques with the proposed hybrid consensus algorithms and advantages over predicting cyber-attacks, anomaly detection, and feature extraction. Our hybrid approaches leverage and optimize the proposed consensus protocols' security, trust, and robustness. However, this research also explores the various ML techniques with hybrid consensus algorithms, such as Delegated Proof of Stake Work (DPoSW), Proof of Stake and Work (PoSW), Proof of CASBFT (PoCASBFT), Delegated Byzantine Proof of Stake (DBPoS) for security enhancement and intelligent decision making in consensus protocols. Here, we also demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology within the decentralized networks using the ProximaX blockchain platform. This study shows that the proposed research framework is an energy-efficient mechanism that maintains security and adapts to dynamic conditions. It also integrates privacy-enhancing features, robust consensus mechanisms, and ML approaches to detect and prevent security threats. Furthermore, the practical implementation of these ML-based hybrid consensus models faces significant challenges, such as scalability, latency, throughput, resource requirements, and potential adversarial attacks. These challenges must be addressed to ensure the successful implementation of the blockchain network for real-world scenarios.
Determination of optimal mining width for coal mining under the slope by of using numerical simulation
Authors: Zhou Ze , Zhou Jinlian , Lai Long , Xu Mengtang , Xu Youlin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe stability of slope is critical important topic in rock mass engineering. In Panzhihua #7 Coal Mine, the coal mining is occurred under the slope, to obtain the optimal mining width, 125 numerical simulations were conducted, and the corresponding FOS was calculated. From the analysis of the numerical simulation results, it can be found that FOS decrease and then increase with increasing of filling length, meanwhile, the FOS is minimum value when the filling length is within the ranges of 10 m and 20 m, which is under the toe of slope. Furthermore, the minimum FOS decrease with increasing of mining width. Considered the stability of the slope and mining economy, the mining width is set to 6m, and the numerical simulation results is applied to the engineering practice. To guarantee the safety of the slope, some monitoring points were distributed on the slope, the displacement from numerical simulation and engineering practice is quite close, indicating the numerical simulation results is reliable, and the mining width is reasonable.
Interaction of a four-level atom with a quantized field in the presence of a nonlinear Kerr medium
Authors: Almalki S. , Berrada K. , Abdel-Khalek S. , Eleuch H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractQuantum entanglement and atomic coherence are examined for a system consisting of a four-level atom (FLA) interacted with a nonlinear quantum field. We assume that the FLA-field coupling, Kerr medium and quantified field are all $$f$$
f
-deformed with full nonlinear formalism. We consider N-configuration and cascade (C)-configuration of the FLA. We explore the impact of field deformation and Kerr medium on the dynamics of the quantumness measures when the quantized field is initially prepared in a deformed coherent state without and with Kerr medium effect. Moreover, we examine the statistical properties of the radiation field using the second order correlation function. The results indicate how the considered quantumness measures in the FLA–field system can be manipulated and controlled through the parameters of the quantum model.
The study of the role of purified anti-mouse CD193 (CCR3) antibody in allergic rhinitis mouse animal models
Authors: Bao Youwei , Wu Zhaokun , Zhu Xinhua , Wu Jun , Jiang Yinli , Zhang Ying , Zhu Yu , Liu Zheng , Deng Yi , Liu Wenqiang , Wei Mengyi , Luo Weiming , Xiao Yating 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe pathogenesis of allergic asthma is similar to that of allergic rhinitis, with inflammation cells producing and releasing inflammatory mediators and cytokines closely related to CCR3.Based on the theory of "one airway, one disease", the use of CCR3 monoclonal antibody may have a similar effect on allergic rhinitis. However, there are few studies on CCR3 monoclonal antibody in allergic rhinitis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effective concentration of CCR3 monoclonal antibody, to compare the effects of different methods of administration, and to examine the lung condition of allergic mice to investigate whether antibody treatment protects the lungs. In this study, we constructed a mouse model of allergic rhinitis and intraperitoneally injected different doses of CCR3 monoclonal antibody (5, 10, and 20 uL/mg) to observe its therapeutic effect: observing changes in tissue morphology of nasal mucosa, infiltration of inflammation, and using ELISA to detect changes in relevant inflammatory mediators and cytokines, studying the role of CCR3 mAb in inhibiting CCR3-related actions on the nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis mice. Furthermore, In addition, the therapeutic effects of intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) and intranasal administration (i.n.) were studied on the basis of effective concentrations.
Lipid-based nutritional supplement impact on energy intake, appetite, glucose and insulin levels in under-weight pregnant and lactating women with preeclampsia
Authors: Mohammad Nabila Sher , Nazli Rubina , Fatima Sadia , Fozia Fozia , Zafar Hafza , Zafar Mashal , Zafar Zarghuna , Khan Warda , Abulmeaty Mahmoud M.A. , Aldisi Dara , Andrade Laborde Juan E. , Aboul-Soud Mourad A.M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective: The objective of the study is to investigate the response of nutritional supplement (LNS-PLW) on appetite score, energy intake, insulin and glucose levels in preeclamptic women.
Design and participiants: Sixty under-weight preeclamptic primigravida were divided into two groups randomly and provided LNS-PLW/placebo in the fasted state. Blood samples were collected at fasting state, after 30 min of supplementation, ‘ad libitum buffet’ breakfast and lunch for glucose and insulin levels.
Results: Total energy intake was higher significantly in the LNS-PLW group, although during breakfast it was significantly reduced. The insulin and glucose concentration was significantly increased after 30 min of supplementation in the LNS-PLW group.
Conclusion: Intake of the LNS-PLW by preeclamptic women had short-term suppression on subsequent meal but improved total energy intake during trial.
Directional constructions in Matukar Panau
Authors: Davey Kira , Barth Danielle 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Oceanic language Matukar Panau has three equivalent morphosyntactic strategies for describing the direction of the event represented by a verb, with a system of ten directional morphemes that can appear in each construction. This variation is explored using a corpus from Matukar Panau and analysed quantitatively with Bayesian regression analyses to assess what factors influence the choice of directional construction. Variables pertaining to the lexical verb and the directional morphemes are found to be the most important factors affecting the variation in the directional system. Sociolinguistic factors are shown to play a less significant role. The findings have implications for the grammaticalization of directional elements, as well as the typology of directional constructions in Oceanic languages.
Self-repeat as a multimodal retraction practice
Authors: Shor Leon , Marmorstein Michal 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The paper focuses on a particular practice of self-repeat through which participants retract their prior formulations, and explores its multimodal design and use in the dynamic construction of meaning in Hebrew conversation. Drawing on interactional approaches to language and embodied action, we show that the practice of self-repeat is used to retract a formulation judged by its producer as being inadequate and ill-calibrated in the given interactional context. This function is supported by the multimodal configuration in which the lexical repeat is cast, which involves a stable prosodic component and a variable embodied component. Through its prosodic and embodied design, the repeat is contextualized as a noticeable display of accountability for having made an ill-suited choice of words. While the self-repeat alone is sufficient in proposing a problem of calibration, it can also be followed by a lexical replacement, which makes explicit the adjusted or recalibrated term. The self-repeat practice shows how participants engage in semantic work through online and situated revision of their formulations. This exposed process of meaning construction reveals their understanding of the constitutive link between the conceptual and the normative orders as practiced in actual conversation.
Westward shift of tropical cyclogenesis over the southern Indian Ocean
Authors: Cao Xi , Watanabe Masahiro , Wu Renguang , Wu Liang , Deng Difei , Ha Yao , Xu Mengchen , Yuan Meng , Dai Yifeng , Du Zhencai 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Tropical cyclones (TCs), commonly called cyclones in the southern Indian Ocean (SIO), represent one of the most devastating disasters in the oceanfront regions of Africa. The present study explores the long-term tendency of annual mean TC genesis location in the SIO. A notable westward shift is detected in the SIO TC genesis longitude since 1979, which is linked to an increase in the TC genesis frequency in the southwestern SIO and a decrease in the TC genesis frequency in the northeastern SIO. The dipole trend pattern of the TC genesis frequency in the SIO is intimately linked to the weakening of the westerly vertical wind shear over the western SIO and the strengthening of the easterly vertical wind shear over the eastern SIO, resulting from a reduced meridional temperature gradient. The weakened meridional temperature gradient is attributed to the enhanced warming of the subtropical troposphere that is a response of atmospheric temperature to global warming. Our study implies a potential increase in the risks faced by coastal and island countries in eastern Africa.
Infinite affine, hyperbolic and Lorentzian Weyl groups with their associated Calogero models
Authors: Correa Francisco , Fring Andreas , Quintana Octavio 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We propose generalizations of Calogero models that exhibit invariance with respect to the infinite Weyl groups of affine, hyperbolic, and Lorentzian types. Our approach involves deriving closed analytic formulas for the action of the associated Coxeter elements of infinite order acting on arbitrary roots within their respective root spaces. These formulas are then utilized in formulating the new type of Calogero models.
Investigating the effect of host plant identity on instar number in fall webworm, a common generalist herbivore
Authors: Tanino-Springsteen Mykaela M , Vyas Dhaval K , Mitchell Audrey , Durso Catherine , Murphy Shannon M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
For herbivorous insects with a broad diet breadth, host plant identity can influence larval development by either accelerating or delaying growth. For some species of Lepidoptera, the number of larval instars varies depending on the host plant’s identity. Fall webworm (Hyphantria cunea, Drury) is a polyphagous herbivore that feeds on over 450 host plants worldwide. Of the 2 morphotypes (red- and black-head) of fall webworm, the number of instars for the red-head fall webworms has not been characterized. Given its broad diet breadth, fall webworm developmental stages may vary with plant identity. We investigated whether host plant identity affected the number of instars observed during red-head fall webworm development. We measured the head capsules of over 6,000 fall webworm larvae reared on 6 different plants commonly eaten by fall webworms in Colorado. We modeled head capsule widths as Gaussian mixture models, with a Gaussian distribution that corresponded to each instar. We show that our red-head fall webworms varied in number of instars depending on the identity of their host plant upon which they fed. We found that red-head fall webworm exhibited 7 instars on 5 of the host plants and 8 instars on 1 host plant that we studied. Our results for the number of instars for red-head fall webworm are consistent with reports of the number of instars for black-head fall webworm. Our research provides insight into the influence of host plant identity on fall webworm development, which can be used to advance lab and field research of this species.
Signatures of Co-evolution and Co-regulation in the CYP3A and CYP4F Genes in Humans
Authors: Richard-St-Hilaire Alex , Gamache Isabel , Pelletier Justin , Grenier Jean-Christophe , Poujol Raphaël , Hussin Julie G 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cytochromes P450 (CYP450) are hemoproteins generally involved in the detoxification of the body of xenobiotic molecules. They participate in the metabolism of many drugs and genetic polymorphisms in humans have been found to impact drug responses and metabolic functions. In this study, we investigate the genetic diversity of CYP450 genes. We found that two clusters, CYP3A and CYP4F, are notably differentiated across human populations with evidence for selective pressures acting on both clusters: we found signals of recent positive selection in CYP3A and CYP4F genes and signals of balancing selection in CYP4F genes. Furthermore, an extensive amount of unusual linkage disequilibrium is detected in this latter cluster, indicating co-evolution signatures among CYP4F genes. Several of the selective signals uncovered co-localize with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), which could suggest epistasis acting on co-regulation in these gene families. In particular, we detected a potential co-regulation event between CYP3A5 and CYP3A43, a gene whose function remains poorly characterized. We further identified a causal relationship between CYP3A5 expression and reticulocyte count through Mendelian randomization analyses, potentially involving a regulatory region displaying a selective signal specific to African populations. Our findings linking natural selection and gene expression in CYP3A and CYP4F subfamilies are of importance in understanding population differences in metabolism of nutrients and drugs.
Computational reproducibility of Jupyter notebooks from biomedical publications
Authors: Samuel Sheeba , Mietchen Daniel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Jupyter notebooks facilitate the bundling of executable code with its documentation and output in one interactive environment, and they represent a popular mechanism to document and share computational workflows, including for research publications. The reproducibility of computational aspects of research is a key component of scientific reproducibility but has not yet been assessed at scale for Jupyter notebooks associated with biomedical publications.

Approach
We address computational reproducibility at 2 levels: (i) using fully automated workflows, we analyzed the computational reproducibility of Jupyter notebooks associated with publications indexed in the biomedical literature repository PubMed Central. We identified such notebooks by mining the article’s full text, trying to locate them on GitHub, and attempting to rerun them in an environment as close to the original as possible. We documented reproduction success and exceptions and explored relationships between notebook reproducibility and variables related to the notebooks or publications. (ii) This study represents a reproducibility attempt in and of itself, using essentially the same methodology twice on PubMed Central over the course of 2 years, during which the corpus of Jupyter notebooks from articles indexed in PubMed Central has grown in a highly dynamic fashion.

Results
Out of 27,271 Jupyter notebooks from 2,660 GitHub repositories associated with 3,467 publications, 22,578 notebooks were written in Python, including 15,817 that had their dependencies declared in standard requirement files and that we attempted to rerun automatically. For 10,388 of these, all declared dependencies could be installed successfully, and we reran them to assess reproducibility. Of these, 1,203 notebooks ran through without any errors, including 879 that produced results identical to those reported in the original notebook and 324 for which our results differed from the originally reported ones. Running the other notebooks resulted in exceptions.

Conclusions
We zoom in on common problems and practices, highlight trends, and discuss potential improvements to Jupyter-related workflows associated with biomedical publications.
Phenotyping, genetics, and “-omics” approaches to unravel and introgress enhanced resistance against apple scab (Venturia inaequalis) in apple cultivars (Malus × domestica)
Authors: Švara Anže , De Storme Nico , Carpentier Sebastien , Keulemans Wannes , De Coninck Barbara 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Apple scab disease, caused by the fungus Venturia inaequalis, endangers commercial apple production globally. It is predominantly managed by frequent fungicide sprays that can harm the environment and promote the development of fungicide-resistant strains. Cultivation of scab-resistant cultivars harboring diverse qualitative Rvi resistance loci and quantitative trait loci associated with scab resistance could reduce the chemical footprint. A comprehensive understanding of the host–pathogen interaction is, however, needed to efficiently breed cultivars with enhanced resistance against a variety of pathogenic strains. Breeding efforts should not only encompass pyramiding of Rvi loci and their corresponding resistance alleles that directly or indirectly recognize pathogen effectors, but should also integrate genes that contribute to effective downstream defense mechanisms. This review provides an overview of the phenotypic and genetic aspects of apple scab resistance, and currently known corresponding defense mechanisms. Implementation of recent “-omics” approaches has provided insights into the complex network of physiological, molecular, and signaling processes that occur before and upon scab infection, thereby revealing the importance of both constitutive and induced defense mechanisms. Based on the current knowledge, we outline advances toward more efficient introgression of enhanced scab resistance into novel apple cultivars by conventional breeding or genetic modification techniques. However, additional studies integrating different “-omics” approaches combined with functional studies will be necessary to unravel effective defense mechanisms as well as key regulatory genes underpinning scab resistance in apple. This crucial information will set the stage for successful knowledge-based breeding for enhanced scab resistance.