bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Urbanization Through Land Coverage Classification
Authors: Sangeetha S. K. B. , Kushwah Virendra Singh , Sumangali K. , Sangeetha R. , Raja Kiruba Thangam , Mathivanan Sandeep Kumar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLand cover changes from rural or natural habitats to impervious surfaces that support various human activities are called urbanization. The evaluation of policy alternatives for future expansion and the promotion of sustainable urban development therefore place great emphasis on the mapping, analysis, and monitoring of land cover changes in metropolitan environments. By assessing changes in relevant environmental indicators at a range of scales, from local to regional, this study seeks to determine the rate of urbanization and analyze its impact on the environment in and around two key cities in Tamilnadu. Chennai and Madurai are the urban areas under investigation. The results are based on classifications of medium to high spatial resolution optical satellite images from 1995 to 2020. Various classification approaches with combinations of spectral, shape, and texture input information were combined to achieve high classification accuracy. Based on the categories, environmental indicators were created and used to calculate the impact of urbanization on the environment. The findings show that each research area experienced varying degrees of urban expansion and environmental impact. Urban areas grew tenfold between 1995 and 2015, according to a study comparing Chennai and Madurai. To evaluate the spatiotemporal dynamics of urbanization and its environmental impact in various metropolitan regions, this research shows the value of combining urban and environmental indicators with remote sensing data.
Modelling the overlap and divergence of autistic and schizotypal traits on hippocampal subfield volumes and regional cerebral blood flow
Authors: Nenadić Igor , Meller Tina , Evermann Ulrika , Pfarr Julia-Katharina , Federspiel Andrea , Walther Sebastian , Grezellschak Sarah , Abu-Akel Ahmad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPsychiatric disorders show high co-morbidity, including co-morbid expressions of subclinical psychopathology across multiple disease spectra. Given the limitations of classical case-control designs in elucidating this overlap, new approaches are needed to identify biological underpinnings of spectra and their interaction. We assessed autistic-like traits (using the Autism Quotient, AQ) and schizotypy - as models of subclinical expressions of disease phenotypes and examined their association with volumes and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) of anterior, mid- and posterior hippocampus segments from structural MRI scans in 318 and arterial spin labelling (ASL) in 346 nonclinical subjects, which overlapped with the structural imaging sample (N = 298). We demonstrate significant interactive effects of positive schizotypy and AQ social skills as well as of positive schizotypy and AQ imagination on hippocampal subfield volume variation. Moreover, we show that AQ attention switching modulated hippocampal head rCBF, while positive schizotypy by AQ attention to detail interactions modulated hippocampal tail rCBF. In addition, we show significant correlation of hippocampal volume and rCBF in both region-of-interest and voxel-wise analyses, which were robust after removal of variance related to schizotypy and autistic traits. These findings provide empirical evidence for both the modulation of hippocampal subfield structure and function through subclinical traits, and in particular how only the interaction of phenotype facets leads to significant reductions or variations in these parameters. This makes a case for considering the synergistic impact of different (subclinical) disease spectra on transdiagnostic biological parameters in psychiatry.
RNA modification in cardiovascular disease: implications for therapeutic interventions
Authors: Wang Cong , Hou Xuyang , Guan Qing , Zhou Huiling , Zhou Li , Liu Lijun , Liu Jijia , Li Feng , Li Wei , Liu Haidan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world, with a high incidence and a youth-oriented tendency. RNA modification is ubiquitous and indispensable in cell, maintaining cell homeostasis and function by dynamically regulating gene expression. Accumulating evidence has revealed the role of aberrant gene expression in CVD caused by dysregulated RNA modification. In this review, we focus on nine common RNA modifications: N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N7-methylguanosine (m7G), N4-acetylcytosine (ac4C), pseudouridine (Ψ), uridylation, adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, and modifications of U34 on tRNA wobble. We summarize the key regulators of RNA modification and their effects on gene expression, such as RNA splicing, maturation, transport, stability, and translation. Then, based on the classification of CVD, the mechanisms by which the disease occurs and progresses through RNA modifications are discussed. Potential therapeutic strategies, such as gene therapy, are reviewed based on these mechanisms. Herein, some of the CVD (such as stroke and peripheral vascular disease) are not included due to the limited availability of literature. Finally, the prospective applications and challenges of RNA modification in CVD are discussed for the purpose of facilitating clinical translation. Moreover, we look forward to more studies exploring the mechanisms and roles of RNA modification in CVD in the future, as there are substantial uncultivated areas to be explored.
Acetylcholine waves and dopamine release in the striatum
Authors: Matityahu Lior , Gilin Naomi , Sarpong Gideon A. , Atamna Yara , Tiroshi Lior , Tritsch Nicolas X. , Wickens Jeffery R. , Goldberg Joshua A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStriatal dopamine encodes reward, with recent work showing that dopamine release occurs in spatiotemporal waves. However, the mechanism of dopamine waves is unknown. Here we report that acetylcholine release in mouse striatum also exhibits wave activity, and that the spatial scale of striatal dopamine release is extended by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Based on these findings, and on our demonstration that single cholinergic interneurons can induce dopamine release, we hypothesized that the local reciprocal interaction between cholinergic interneurons and dopamine axons suffices to drive endogenous traveling waves. We show that the morphological and physiological properties of cholinergic interneuron – dopamine axon interactions can be modeled as a reaction-diffusion system that gives rise to traveling waves. Analytically-tractable versions of the model show that the structure and the nature of propagation of acetylcholine and dopamine traveling waves depend on their coupling, and that traveling waves can give rise to empirically observed correlations between these signals. Thus, our study provides evidence for striatal acetylcholine waves in vivo, and proposes a testable theoretical framework that predicts that the observed dopamine and acetylcholine waves are strongly coupled phenomena.
N-terminal acetylation shields proteins from degradation and promotes age-dependent motility and longevity
Authors: Varland Sylvia , Silva Rui Duarte , Kjosås Ine , Faustino Alexandra , Bogaert Annelies , Billmann Maximilian , Boukhatmi Hadi , Kellen Barbara , Costanzo Michael , Drazic Adrian , Osberg Camilla , Chan Katherine , Zhang Xiang , Tong Amy Hin Yan , Andreazza Simonetta , Lee Juliette J. , Nedyalkova Lyudmila , Ušaj Matej , Whitworth Alexander J. , Andrews Brenda J. , Moffat Jason , Myers Chad L. , Gevaert Kris , Boone Charles , Martinho Rui Gonçalo , Arnesen Thomas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMost eukaryotic proteins are N-terminally acetylated, but the functional impact on a global scale has remained obscure. Using genome-wide CRISPR knockout screens in human cells, we reveal a strong genetic dependency between a major N-terminal acetyltransferase and specific ubiquitin ligases. Biochemical analyses uncover that both the ubiquitin ligase complex UBR4-KCMF1 and the acetyltransferase NatC recognize proteins bearing an unacetylated N-terminal methionine followed by a hydrophobic residue. NatC KO-induced protein degradation and phenotypes are reversed by UBR knockdown, demonstrating the central cellular role of this interplay. We reveal that loss of Drosophila NatC is associated with male sterility, reduced longevity, and age-dependent loss of motility due to developmental muscle defects. Remarkably, muscle-specific overexpression of UbcE2M, one of the proteins targeted for NatC KO-mediated degradation, suppresses defects of NatC deletion. In conclusion, NatC-mediated N-terminal acetylation acts as a protective mechanism against protein degradation, which is relevant for increased longevity and motility.
Overcoming power-efficiency tradeoff in a micro heat engine by engineered system-bath interactions
Authors: Krishnamurthy Sudeesh , Ganapathy Rajesh , Sood A. K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAll real heat engines, be it conventional macro engines or colloidal and atomic micro engines, inevitably tradeoff efficiency in their pursuit to maximize power. This basic postulate of finite-time thermodynamics has been the bane of all engine design for over two centuries and all optimal protocols implemented hitherto could at best minimize only the loss in the efficiency. The absence of a protocol that allows engines to overcome this limitation has prompted theoretical studies to suggest universality of the postulate in both passive and active engines. Here, we experimentally overcome the power-efficiency tradeoff in a colloidal Stirling engine by selectively reducing relaxation times over only the isochoric processes using system bath interactions generated by electrophoretic noise. Our approach opens a window of cycle times where the tradeoff is reversed and enables the engine to surpass even their quasistatic efficiency. Our strategies finally cut loose engine design from fundamental restrictions and pave way for the development of more efficient and powerful engines and devices.
FIGNL1 AAA+ ATPase remodels RAD51 and DMC1 filaments in pre-meiotic DNA replication and meiotic recombination
Authors: Ito Masaru , Furukohri Asako , Matsuzaki Kenichiro , Fujita Yurika , Toyoda Atsushi , Shinohara Akira 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe formation of RAD51/DMC1 filaments on single-stranded (ss)DNAs essential for homology search and strand exchange in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair is tightly regulated. FIGNL1 AAA+++ ATPase controls RAD51-mediated recombination in human cells. However, its role in gametogenesis remains unsolved. Here, we characterized a germ line-specific conditional knockout (cKO) mouse of FIGNL1. Fignl1 cKO male mice showed defective chromosome synapsis and impaired meiotic DSB repair with the accumulation of RAD51/DMC1 on meiotic chromosomes, supporting a positive role of FIGNL1 in homologous recombination at a post-assembly stage of RAD51/DMC1 filaments. Fignl1 cKO spermatocytes also accumulate RAD51/DMC1 on chromosomes in pre-meiotic S-phase. These RAD51/DMC1 assemblies are independent of meiotic DSB formation. We also showed that purified FIGNL1 dismantles RAD51 filament on double-stranded (ds)DNA as well as ssDNA. These results suggest an additional role of FIGNL1 in limiting the non-productive assembly of RAD51/DMC1 on native dsDNAs during pre-meiotic S-phase and meiotic prophase I.
Using drivers and transmission pathways to identify SARS-like coronavirus spillover risk hotspots
Authors: Muylaert Renata L. , Wilkinson David A. , Kingston Tigga , D’Odorico Paolo , Rulli Maria Cristina , Galli Nikolas , John Reju Sam , Alviola Phillip , Hayman David T. S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe emergence of SARS-like coronaviruses is a multi-stage process from wildlife reservoirs to people. Here we characterize multiple drivers—landscape change, host distribution, and human exposure—associated with the risk of spillover of zoonotic SARS-like coronaviruses to help inform surveillance and mitigation activities. We consider direct and indirect transmission pathways by modeling four scenarios with livestock and mammalian wildlife as potential and known reservoirs before examining how access to healthcare varies within clusters and scenarios. We found 19 clusters with differing risk factor contributions within a single country (N = 9) or transboundary (N = 10). High-risk areas were mainly closer (11-20%) rather than far ( < 1%) from healthcare. Areas far from healthcare reveal healthcare access inequalities, especially Scenario 3, which includes wild mammals and not livestock as secondary hosts. China (N = 2) and Indonesia (N = 1) had clusters with the highest risk. Our findings can help stakeholders in land use planning, integrating healthcare implementation and One Health actions.
Prolonging somatic cell proliferation through constitutive hox gene expression in C. elegans
Authors: Heinze Svenia D. , Berger Simon , Engleitner Stefanie , Daube Michael , Hajnal Alex 
Published: October 2023

Abstracthoxgenes encode a conserved family of homeodomain transcription factors that are essential to determine the identity of body segments during embryogenesis and maintain adult somatic stem cells competent to regenerate organs. In contrast to higher organisms, somatic cells inC. elegansirreversibly exit the cell cycle after completing their cell lineage and the adult soma cannot regenerate. Here, we show thathoxgene expression levels inC. elegansdetermine the temporal competence of somatic cells to proliferate. Down-regulation of the centralhoxgenelin-39in dividing vulval cells results in their premature cell cycle exit, whereas constitutivelin-39expression causes precocious Pn.p cell and sex myoblast divisions and prolongs the proliferative phase of the vulval cells past their normal point of arrest. Furthermore, ectopic expression ofhoxgenes in the quiescent anchor cell re-activates the cell cycle and induces proliferation until young adulthood. Thus, constitutive expression of a singlehoxtranscription factor is sufficient to prolong somatic cell proliferation beyond the restriction imposed by the cell lineage. The down-regulation ofhoxgene expression in most somatic cells at the end of larval development may be one cause for the absence of cell proliferation in adultC. elegans.
Modified version of unified multiple system atrophy rating scale for remote video-based assessments
Authors: Xiao Yi , Zhang Lingyu , Wei Qianqian , Ou Ruwei , Hou Yanbing , Liu Kuncheng , Lin Junyu , Yang Tianmi , Qirui Jiang , Shang Huifang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe modified the original Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale (UMSARS) for remote video-based visits by excluding ocular motor dysfunction, increased tone, and body sway, resulting in a 23-item UMSARS (mUMSARS-23). The mUMSARS-23 demonstrated excellent reliability and strong validity when compared to the original scale, making it a promising tool for conducting video-based virtual assessments in patients with multiple system atrophy.
A trait dataset for freshwater mussels of the United States of America
Authors: Hopper Garrett W. , Bucholz Jamie R. , DuBose Traci P. , Fogelman Kaelyn J. , Keogh Sean M. , Kubala Megan E. , Lodato Matthew B. , Nichols David H. , Sánchez González Irene , Pfeiffer John M. , Stoeckel James A. , Lozier Jeffrey D. , Atkinson Carla L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe United States of America has a diverse collection of freshwater mussels comprising 301 species distributed among 59 genera and two families (Margaritiferidae and Unionidae), each having a unique suite of traits. Mussels are among the most imperilled animals and are critical components of their ecosystems, and successful management, conservation and research requires a cohesive and widely accessible data source. Although trait-based analysis for mussels has increased, only a small proportion of traits reflecting mussel diversity in this region has been collated. Decentralized and non-standardized trait information impedes large-scale analysis. Assembling trait data in a synthetic dataset enables comparison across species and lineages and identification of data gaps. We collated data from the primary literature, books, state and federal reports, theses and dissertations, and museum collections into a centralized dataset covering information on taxonomy, morphology, reproductive ecology and life history, fish hosts, habitats, thermal tolerance, geographic distribution, available genetic information, and conservation status. By collating these traits, we aid researchers in assessing variation in mussel traits and modelling ecosystem change.
Standardized Brazilian green propolis extract (EPP-AF®) in COVID-19 outcomes: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Silveira Marcelo Augusto Duarte , Menezes Matheus de Alencar , de Souza Sergio Pinto , Galvão Erica Batista dos Santos , Berretta Andresa Aparecida , Caldas Juliana , Teixeira Maurício Brito , Gomes Marcel Miranda Dantas , Damiani Lucas Petri , Bahiense Bruno Andrade , Cabral Julia Barros , De Oliveira Cicero Wandson Luiz Macedo , Mascarenhas Talita Rocha , Pinheiro Priscila Carvalho Guedes , Alves Milena Souza , de Melo Rodrigo Morel Vieira , Leite Flávia Mendes , Nonaka Carolina Kymie Vasques , Souza Bruno Solano de Freitas , Baptista Nathália Ursoli , Teles Flávio , da Guarda Suzete Farias , Mendes Ana Verena Almeida , Passos Rogério da Hora 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 and its different variants caused a “wave and wave” pandemic pattern. During the first wave we demonstrated that standardized Brazilian green propolis extract (EPP-AF®) reduces length of hospital stay in adult patients with COVID-19. Afterwards, we decided to evaluate the impact of EPP-AF in hospitalized patients during the third wave of the pandemic. BeeCovid2 was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in hospitalized COVID-19 adult patients. Patients were allocated to receive an oral dose of 900 mg/day of EPP-AF® or placebo for 10 days. The primary outcome was length of hospital stay. Secondary outcomes included safety, secondary infection rate, duration of oxygen therapy dependency, acute kidney injury and need for intensive care. Patients were followed up for 28 days after admission. We enrolled 188 patients; 98 were assigned to the propolis group and 90 to the placebo group. The post-intervention length of hospital stay was of 6.5 ± 6.0 days in the propolis group versus 7.7 ± 7.1 days in the control group (95% CI − 0.74 [− 1.94 to 0.42]; p = 0.22). Propolis did not have significant impact on the need for oxygen supplementation or frequency of AKI. There was a significant difference in the incidence of secondary infection between groups, with 6.1% in the propolis group versus 18.9% in the control group (95% CI − 0.28 [0.1–0.76], p = 0.01). The use of EPP-AF was considered safe and associated with a decrease in secondary infections. The drug was not associated with a significant reduction in length of hospital stay. ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04800224).
An immune deficient mouse model for mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA (Sanfilippo syndrome)
Authors: Pollock Kari , Noritake Sabrina , Imai Denise M. , Pastenkos Gabrielle , Olson Marykate , Cary Whitney , Yang Sheng , Fierro Fernando A. , White Jeannine , Graham Justin , Dahlenburg Heather , Johe Karl , Nolta Jan A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMucopolysaccharidosis III (MPSIII, Sanfilippo syndrome) is a devastating lysosomal storage disease that primarily affects the central nervous system. MPSIIIA is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene coding for sulfamidase (N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase/SGSH) resulting in SGSH enzyme deficiency, a buildup of heparin sulfate and subsequent neurodegeneration. There is currently no cure or disease modifying treatment for MPSIIIA. A mouse model for MPSIIIA was characterized in 1999 and later backcrossed onto the C57BL/6 background. In the present study, a novel immune deficient MPSIIIA mouse model (MPSIIIA-TKO) was created by backcrossing the immune competent, C57BL/6 MPSIIIA mouse to an immune deficient mouse model lacking Rag2, CD47 and Il2rg genes. The resulting mouse model has undetectable SGSH activity, exhibits histological changes consistent with MPSIIIA and lacks T cells, B cells and NK cells. This new mouse model has the potential to be extremely useful in testing human cellular therapies in an animal model as it retains the MPSIIIA disease phenotype while tolerating xenotransplantation.
Comprehensive constitutive modeling and analysis of multi-elastic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for wearable device simulations
Authors: Zulkifli Nora Asyikin , Moon Geon Dae , Hyun Dong Choon , Lee Sungwon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWithin the field of wearable devices, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has long been one of the most prominent materials utilized. It is therefore unsurprising that demands for its usage has now extended beyond experimental works into computational simulations, particularly those involving finite element method (FEM). To replicate the mechanical properties of PDMS in FEM, an accurate constitutive model is required, preferably one that encompasses wide ranges of PDMS elasticity. In this study, we determine Mooney–Rivlin 5 parameters as the best hyperelastic model fitted against PDMS experimental data, and proceed to construct a parameter correlation plot combining PDMS of different elasticities together. Experimental validation using PDMS samples fabricated via 3D-printed molds is then performed using parameters extracted from this plot, showing good agreement between simulation and experimental result. In addition, to reflect model applicability, simulations related to basic mechanical deformations involved in flexible devices (compression, stretching, bending and twisting) are performed and analyzed. Further analysis is also performed to investigate the effect of combining different experimental datasets as input into the model. We expect our work to be potentially helpful to be applied as both framework and database for wearable device engineers and researchers who are experimenting with varying PDMS concentrations and modulus.