bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Movement Assessment Battery for Children Second Edition in Ages 3 to 6 Years: A Cross-Cultural Comparison for Children in Taiwan
Authors: Huang Chien-Yu , Huang Tzu-Yun , Koh Chia-Lin , Yu Yen-Ting , Chen Kuan-Lin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) is a popular assessment of children’s motor skills in both Western and Eastern countries. Since children’s motor skills are strongly influenced by the sociocultural context, it is essential to specifically examine the applicability of the MABC-2 in different cultures. The performance on the MABC-2 age band 1 of children in Taiwan was compared with the standardized sample from the United Kingdom. The sex differences in the performance on the MABC-2 were also investigated.

Methods
Children aged 3 to 6 years were recruited and categorized into 4 age groups. The researchers assessed the children with the MABC-2 age band 1, containing 8 tasks categorized into 3 components: manual dexterity, aiming and catching, and balance. Z tests and effect sizes were used to examine the cultural differences in the 3 components and in the total scale of the MABC-2. Independent t tests were used to check for sex differences in the MABC-2.

Results
Data on 615 children with a mean age of 4.95 years (SD = 0.97) were collected. Clinically significant differences (effect size &gt; 0.5) were found in 2 components and the total scale of the MABC-2 across most age groups. Children in Taiwan performed better on manual dexterity, balance, and the total scale. Marginally clinically significant differences (absolute effect size &gt; 0.4) were found in the aiming and catching component for the children aged 3 and 6 years old; children in Taiwan scored lower on aiming and catching than did children in the United Kingdom. Girls had significantly higher scores on manual dexterity, balance, and the total scale, while boys had significantly higher scores on aiming and catching.

Conclusions
Cultural and sex differences exist in the MABC-2. Constructing a norm for children in Taiwan of different sex and modification of the items are suggested for application of the MABC-2 in Taiwan.
Effect of helmet-wearing regulation on electric-bike riders: a case study of two cities in China
Authors: Ma Wenxin , Liu Zhiyong , Li Ruimin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Electric bikes (e-bikes) are widely used for commuting and delivery in China. With the rapid increase in e-bikes on the road, related accidents have become crucial issues threatening the public. This research aims to explore the protective effect of helmet-wearing regulation and to investigate some factors influencing head injury with reference to two case cities in China, obtaining information to protect e-bike riders.

Methods
The traffic police-reported crash data cover the periods before and after the implementation of helmet-wearing regulations in Taizhou (with data from 2017 to 2019) and Nanning (with data in 2020) of China. Preliminary statistical analysis, logistic regression and chi-square test with a Bonferroni correction were applied in the research.

Results
A lack of helmets was common among victims in the context of a high helmet-wearing rate among general e-bike riders in Taizhou, indicating that fatality could be avoided to some extent by wearing helmets. Specifically, helmet wearing could reduce the probability of suffering fatal head injury by 6.4%. After the regulation implementation in Taizhou, the proportion of fatal head injuries decreased from 89% to 79%, remaining at a high level, which indicates that other measures in addition to helmet-wearing regulations should be taken. According to the results from Nanning, mandatory regulation worked more effectively than encouraged regulation in terms of reducing head injury.

Conclusions
Mandatory helmet-wearing regulations are highly recommended to policymakers to reduce head injury among e-bike riders. Measures in addition to helmet-wearing regulation, e.g. enhancing law-abiding awareness and improving road infrastructure, should be considered to further protect e-bike riders.
Utilization of ChatGPT-4 in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: A Narrative Review
Authors: Aljindan Fahad K. , Shawosh Mohammed H. , Altamimi Lamees , Arif Sultan , Mortada Hatan 
Published: October 2023

Background:
ChatGPT-4 (Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer) has demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language processing and understanding, making it a promising tool for various medical domains. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the potential applications of ChatGPT-4, a cutting-edge language model developed by OpenAI, in the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery.

Methods:
After conducting a thorough literature review, we discovered pertinent articles that explore the application of ChatGPT-4 in plastic surgery. By examining these findings and integrating the information with our personal experience using ChatGPT-4 in the field of plastic surgery, we have produced an all-encompassing narrative review.

Results:
The narrative review focuses on three main areas: clinical applications, research applications, and medical education. In the clinical realm, ChatGPT-4 has the potential to streamline documentation processes, improve communication, and enhance personalized patient care. It can assist in generating accurate and comprehensive progress notes, operative notes, surgical consent forms, on-call schedules, and consultation reports. However, it is important to note that ChatGPT-4 should be used as a supportive tool and should not replace human doctors.

Conclusions:
The potential applications of ChatGPT-4 in plastic and reconstructive surgery are vast and promising. This technology has the potential to revolutionize documentation, research, and medical education in the field. However, it is crucial to integrate this tool responsibly, considering its limitations and ensuring that human expertise remains paramount.
Feasibility of Different Exercise Modalities for Community-Dwelling Residents With Physical Inactivity: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: CHANG Yu-Hsuan , SHUN Shiow-Ching , CHEN Min-Hsin , CHANG Yin-Fan 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Exercise interventions can promote health, but they can be difficult to implement. Moreover, no consensus has been reached regarding which exercise modality promotes the most significant improvement in metabolic health.

Purpose
This feasibility study was conducted to (a) determine the implementation efficacy of supervised and home-based exercise interventions by investigating their respective rates of intervention adherence, adherence to targeted intensity, attrition, and adverse events and (b) explore the preliminary efficacy of 12-week exercise programs among aerobic exercise, aerobic exercise combined with resistance exercise, and high-intensity interval training on body composition, anthropometric parameters, and lipid profiles for community-dwelling residents with physical inactivity.

Methods
This randomized controlled trial was conducted from April to October 2020. Seventy-two sedentary participants aged 40–70 years were enrolled and randomized into one of four groups: 12-week aerobic exercise, aerobic exercise combined with resistance exercise, high-intensity interval training, and control. The three exercise groups performed at least moderate-intensity supervised exercise twice a week and home-based exercise once a week, whereas the control group maintained their usual daily activities. The target variables, including body composition, anthropometric parameters, and lipid profiles, were measured before and after the 12-week intervention.

Results
The intervention adherence rates were 74.01%–87.54% for the supervised exercise group, 64.98%–83.90% for the home-based exercise group, and 82.65%–92.65% for the target exercise intensity group. The attrition rate ranged from 12.50% to 17.65%, and no adverse events were reported in any of the exercise groups. Preliminary efficacy data show the reductions in body weight (95% CI [0.01, 1.20], p = .048) and low-density lipoprotein (95% CI [2.76, 30.32], p = .02) were greater in the exercise groups than the control group, although the intergroup differences were not significant.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice
Body weight and low-density lipoprotein may be efficiently reduced in a 12-week period using any of the three exercise modalities with at least 82.65% adherence to moderate-intensity exercise and 70.84% adherence to exercising 3 times a week.
Genetic alterations and tumor mutation burden predict chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Hu Manyi , Xu Yiting , Wang Yangyang , Chen Cao , He Junjun , Sun Ke , Zhang Qi , Liang Tingbo 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Chemotherapy stands as a recommended approach for all stages of pancreatic cancer. However, its efficacy stratification remains obscure. Genomic sequencing is extensively applied across diverse diseases. This study aims to explore the potential genomic markers in relation to the decision-making of chemotherapy.

Methods:
A total of 140 patients with pancreatic cancer were categorized into chemotherapy-first group and adjuvant chemotherapy group. The genomic alterations were detected from the next-generation sequencing using surgical or fine-needle-biopsy specimens. Chemotherapy response was defined according to objective response based on the RECIST criteria (version 1.1).

Results:
In the chemotherapy-first group, the patients who harbored higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) levels had significant shorter progress-free survival (PFS) than that with low TMB levels (hazard ratio [HR] = 30.362, P = .002). No independent risk factors were found to be correlated with chemoresistance in patients receiving chemotherapy at first (all P > .05). In the adjuvant chemotherapy group, the increased carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) level of more than 35 U/mL potentially elucidated a shorter period of DFS (HR = 3.695, P = .020).

Conclusion:
Our study indicated that a high level of TMB may predict earlier tumor progression in pancreatic cancer patients received chemotherapy at first. The elevation of CA125 presents itself as a predictive indicator for postoperative chemotherapy patients’ tumor recurrence, whereas gene mutations remain unrelated to this phenomenon.
Ultrasound Assessment of Ankle Syndesmotic Injuries in a Pediatric Population
Authors: Heitz Pierre-Henri , Miron Marie-Claude , Beauséjour Marie , Hupin Mathilde , DiLiddo Lydia , Jourdain Nathalie , Nault Marie-Lyne 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
To determine sensitivity and specificity for anterior-inferior tibiofibular ligament (AiTFL) integrity and tibiofibular clear-space (TFCS) cut-off points for dynamic evaluation using ultrasound (US) in a pediatric population.

Design:
Prospective cohort study.

Setting:
Tertiary care university-affiliated pediatric hospital patients between the ages of 12 and 18 sustaining acute ankle trauma with syndesmotic injury.

Interventions:
Participants were assigned to the syndesmotic injury protocol that included a standardized MRI and US.

Main Outcome Measures:
Anterior-inferior tibiofibular ligament integrity for static assessment and TFCS measurements for dynamic assessment on US. For dynamic assessment, the distance between the distal tibia and fibula was first measured in neutral position and then in external rotation for each ankle. The US results on AiTFL integrity were compared with MRI, considered as our gold standard. Optimal cut-off points of TFCS values were determined with receiver operating characteristics curve analysis.

Results:
Twenty-six participants were included. Mean age was 14.8 years (SD = 1.3 years). Sensitivity and specificity for AiTFL integrity were 79% and 100%, respectively (4 false negatives on partial tears). For dynamic assessment, the cut-off points for the differences in tibiofibular distance between the 2 ankles in 1) neutral position (TFCS N I-U) and 2) external rotation (TFCS ER I-U) were 0.2 mm (sensitivity = 83% and specificity = 80%) and 0.1 mm (sensitivity = 83% and specificity = 80%), respectively.

Conclusions:
Static US could be used in a triage context as a diagnostic tool for AiTFL integrity in a pediatric population as it shows good sensitivity and excellent specificity.
Pitfall of 18F-PSMA PyL PET/CT Imaging of a Displaced Urinary Bladder as Recurrent Prostate Malignancy
Authors: Tewari Sanjit O. , Metwalli Zeyad A. , Xu Guofan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We herein present a potential pitfall in the setting of restaging PSMA PyL PET/CT. In this case, there is large non–PSMA-avid cystic structure in the mid pelvis, probably representing a postprostatectomy lymphocele, which was mistaken for the urinary bladder, resulting in the displaced and somewhat crescentic urinary bladder to be deemed recurrence. Subsequently, biopsy and retrospective review of images confirms displaced urinary bladder containing physiologic excreted activity.
Elevated FAPI Activity in Ulcerative Fungal Esophagitis
Authors: Xie Yang , Tang Wenxin , Liu Huipan , Chen Yue 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We report a case of ulcerative fungal esophagitis with elevated activity of 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI (fibroblast-activating protein inhibitor). Our findings suggest that ulcerative fungal esophagitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cancer-like esophageal mass with increased 68Ga-FAPI uptake.
Solitary Prostate Carcinoma Penile Metastasis on 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT
Authors: Chen Jeffrey , Russon Andrew , Mansberg Victor , Mansberg Robert 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An 83-year-old man was referred for an 18F-DCFPyL PET scan for the evaluation of rising serum prostate-specific antigen level on the background of previous radical prostatectomy for prostate adenocarcinoma and urinary outflow tract obstruction requiring in-dwelling catheter insertion. The PET scan demonstrated focal increased activity (SUVmax, 35.7) at the dorsal aspect of the mid penile shaft, with histopathological confirmation of penile metastasis from primary prostate cancer.
SEMA6A drives GnRH neuron-dependent puberty onset by tuning median eminence vascular permeability
Authors: Lettieri A. , Oleari R. , van den Munkhof M.H. , van Battum E.Y. , Verhagen M.G. , Tacconi C. , Spreafico M. , Paganoni A.J.J. , Azzarelli R. , Andre’ V. , Amoruso F. , Palazzolo L. , Eberini I. , Dunkel L. , Howard SR. , Fantin A. , Pasterkamp R.J. , Cariboni A. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTInnervation of the hypothalamic median eminence by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) neurons is vital to ensure puberty onset and successful reproduction. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying median eminence development and pubertal timing are incompletely understood. Here we show that Semaphorin-6A is strongly expressed by median eminence-resident oligodendrocytes positioned adjacent to GnRH neuron projections and fenestrated capillaries, and that Semaphorin-6A is required for GnRH neuron innervation and puberty onset.In vitroandin vivoexperiments reveal an unexpected function for Semaphorin-6A, via its receptor Plexin-A2, in the control of median eminence vascular permeability to maintain neuroendocrine homeostasis. To support the significance of these findings in humans, we identify patients with delayed puberty carrying a novel pathogenic variant ofSEMA6A. In all, our data reveal an undescribed role for Semaphorin-6A in regulating GnRH neuron patterning by tuning the median eminence vascular barrier and thereby controlling puberty onset.
Phage-mediated resolution of genetic conflict alters the evolutionary trajectory ofPseudomonas aeruginosalysogens
Authors: Suttenfield Laura C. , Rapti Zoi , Chandrashekhar Jayadevi H. , Steinlein Amelia C. , Vera Juan Cristobal , Kim Ted , Whitaker Rachel J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe opportunistic human pathogenPseudomonas aeruginosais naturally infected by a large class of temperate, transposable, Mu-like phages. We examined the genotypic and phenotypic diversity ofP. aeruginosaPA14 populations as they resolve CRISPR autoimmunity, mediated by an imperfect CRISPR match to the Mu-like DMS3 prophage, and show that lysogen evolution is profoundly impacted by CRISPR autoimmunity and phage transposition around the chromosome. After 12 days of evolution, we measured a decrease in spontaneous induction in both exponential and stationary phase growth. Co-existing variation in spontaneous induction rates in exponential phase corresponded to a difference in the type of CRISPR self-targeting resolution, mediated either by host mutation or phage transposition. Multiple mutational modes to resolve genetic conflict between host and phage resulted in coexistence in evolved populations of single lysogens that maintained CRISPR immunity to other phages and polylysogens that have lost immunity completely. This work highlights a new dimension of the role of lysogenic phages in the evolution of their hosts.ImportanceThe chronic opportunistic multi-drug resistant pathogenPseudomonas aeruginosais persistently infected by temperate phages. We assess the contribution of temperate phage infection to the evolution of the clinically relevant strain UCBPP-PA14. We found that a low level of CRISPR-mediated self-targeting resulted in polylysogeny evolution and large genome rearrangements in lysogens; we also found extensive diversification in CRISPR spacers andcasgenes. These genomic modifications resulted in decreased spontaneous induction in both exponential and stationary phase growth, increasing lysogen fitness. This work shows the importance of considering latent phage infection in characterizing the evolution of bacterial populations.
Large-scale brainstem neuroimaging and genetic analyses provide new insights into the neuronal mechanisms of hypertension
Authors: Gurholt Tiril P. , Elvsåshagen Torbjørn , Bahrami Shahram , Rahman Zillur , van der Meer Dennis , Shadrin Alexey , Frei Oleksandr , Kaufmann Tobias , Sønderby Ida E , Halvorsen Sigrun , Westlye Lars T. , Andreassen Ole A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhile brainstem regions are central regulators of blood pressure, the neuronal mechanisms underlying their role in hypertension remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the structural and genetic relationships between global and regional brainstem volumes and blood pressure.MethodsUsing magnetic resonance imaging data from n=32,666 UK Biobank participants, we assessed the association of volumes of the whole brainstem and its main regions with blood pressure. We applied powerful statistical genetic tools, including bivariate causal mixture modeling (MiXeR) and conjunctional false discovery rate (conjFDR), to summary statistics from genome-wide association studies of brainstem volumes (n=27,034) and blood pressure (n=318,891) and evaluated their genetic architectures.ResultsWe observed negative associations between the whole brainstem and medulla oblongata volumes and systolic blood and pulse pressure, and positive relationships between midbrain and pons volumes and blood pressure traits when adjusting for the whole brainstem volume (all ∣r∣ 0.03-0.05, p≤0.0042). We observed the largest genetic overlap for the whole brainstem, sharing between 54% and 69% of its trait-influencing variants with blood pressure. We identified 42 shared loci between brainstem volumes and blood pressure traits and mapped these to 83 genes, implicating molecular pathways linked to the development of the brainstem, cranial nerves, and sympathetic neurons, and to metal ion transport and cell-matrix adhesions.ConclusionsThe present findings support a link between brainstem structures and blood pressure and provide new insights into their shared genetic underpinnings. The overlapping genetic architectures and mapped genes offer new mechanistic information about the roles of brainstem regions in hypertension.
Saliva direct PCR protocol for HLA-DQB1*02 genotyping
Authors: Carrillo Angeles , Manzur María Jimena , Ayub Maximiliano Juri 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTCeliac Disease (CD) is an immune disorder that is triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals. The HLA-DQB1*02 allele is the main predisposing genetic factor, and a candidate for first-line genotyping screening. We designed and validated a simple, DNA purification-free PCR protocol directly from crude saliva, enabling the detection of the DQB1*02 allele. This assay also distinguishes homozygous from heterozygous carriers. We propose this method for use in mass screening and/or epidemiological studies.
Establishing CRISPR-Cas9 in the sexually dimorphic moss,Ceratodon purpureus
Authors: Tavernier Emilie-Katherine , Lockwood Emily , Perroud Pierre-François , Nogué Fabien , McDaniel Stuart F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe development of CRISPR technologies provides a powerful tool for understanding the evolution and functionality of essential biological processes. Here we demonstrate successful CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing in the dioecious moss species,Ceratodon purpureus. Using an existing selection system from the distantly related hermaphroditic moss,Physcomitrium patens, we generated knock-outs of theAPTreporter gene by employing CRISPR targeted mutagenesis under expression of native U6 snRNA promoters. Next, we used the native homology-directed repair (HDR) pathway, combined with CRISPR-Cas9, to knock-in two reporter genes under expression of an endogenous RPS5A promoter in a newly developed landing site inC. purpureus. Our results show that the molecular tools developed inP. patenscan be extended to other mosses across this ecologically important and developmentally variable group. These findings pave the way for precise and powerful experiments aimed at identifying the genetic basis of key functional variation within the bryophytes and between the bryophytes and other land plants.Significance StatementWe have developed CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing tools and protocols for the sexually dimorphic moss,Ceratodon purpureusto generate gene knock-outs and knock-ins within targeted loci. This work facilitates future functional genomic experiments in this fast growing, haploid, dioecious system and suggests these tools will function across much of moss diversity.
Rapid life-history evolution reinforces competitive asymmetry between invasive and resident species
Authors: Chapuis Elodie , Jarne Philippe , David Patrice 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTBiological invasions by phylogenetically and ecologically similar competitors pose an evolutionary challenge to native species. Cases of character displacement following invasions suggest that they can respond to this challenge by shifting their traits. However, the actual impact of such shifts on competition are seldom studied. Here, we study competition between two freshwater snails from Guadeloupe (French Antilles), the nativeAplexa marmorataand the introducedPhysa acuta. The former has responded to invasion by rapid life-history evolution towards earlier maturity, higher fecundity and higher juvenile survival, traits that might favor rapid population growth in a noncompetitive context, but not necessarily in a competitive one. We here observe negative impacts of competition by both species on each other, thoughP. acutais dominant and over generations largely displacesA. marmoratafrom co-cultures. In addition, our experiments suggest thatA. marmoratapopulations having experienced competition byP. acutafor sufficient time in nature, have evolved to become even less tolerant to it. Though apparently paradoxical, this result supports the hypothesis that rapid life-history evolution has allowedA. marmoratanot to resist competition, but to avoid it by increasing its specialization into the colonizer lifestyle previously documented by long-term field surveys. This example illustrates how evolution, in accordance with metacommunity coexistence theory, sometimes takes other ways than specialization into distinct types of resources or habitats to ensure coexistence between related species inhabiting the same landscape.