bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of beta-blockers use on mortality of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Dong Yukang , Sun Run , Fu Jiangquan , Huang Rui , Yao Huan , Wang Jingni , Wang Ying , Shen Feng 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a challenging disease with limited prevention and treatment options. The usage of beta-blockers may have potential benefits in different critical illnesses. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between beta-blocker therapy and mortality in patients with ARDS.Materials and methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) IV database and focused on patients diagnosed with ARDS. The primary outcome of the study was 30-day mortality. To account for confounding factors, a multivariable analysis was performed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was carried out on a 1:1 ratio. Robust assessments were conducted using inverse probability weighting (IPTW), standardized mortality ratio weighting (SMRW), pairwise algorithms (PA), and overlap weights (OW).Results: A total of 1,104 patients with ARDS were included in the study. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses found that the 30-day mortality for 489 patients (23.7%) who received beta-blockers was significantly lower than the mortality rate of 615 patients (35.9%) who did not receive beta-blockers. After adjusting for potential confounders through PSM and propensity score, as well as utilizing IPTW, SMRW, PA, and OW, the results remained robust, with the hazard ratios (HR) ranging from 0.42 to 0.58 and all p-values &lt; 0.001. Evaluation of the E-values indicated the robustness of the results even in the presence of unmeasured confounding.Conclusion: The findings suggest a potential association between beta-blocker usage and reduced mortality in critically ill patients with ARDS. However, further validation of this observation is needed through randomized controlled trials.
Genome-wide analysis and expression of the aquaporin gene family in Avena sativa L.
Authors: Zhou Xinyue , Yi Dengxia , Ma Lin , Wang Xuemin 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundOat (Avena sativa L.) belongs to the early maturity grass subfamily of the Gramineae subfamily oats (Avena) and has excellent characteristics, such as tolerance to barrenness, salt, cold, and drought. Aquaporin (AQP) proteins belong to the major intrinsic protein (MIP) superfamily, are widely involved in plant growth and development, and play an important role in abiotic stress responses. To date, previous studies have not identified or analyzed the AsAQP gene family system, and functional studies of oat AQP genes in response to drought, cold, and salt stress have not been performed.MethodsIn this study, AQP genes (AsAQP) were identified from the oat genome, and various bioinformatics data on the AQP gene family, gene structure, gene replication, promoters and regulatory networks were analyzed. Quantitative real-time PCR technology was used to verify the expression patterns of the AQP gene family in different oat tissues under different abiotic stresses.ResultsIn this study, a total of 45 AQP genes (AsAQP) were identified from the oat reference genome. According to a phylogenetic analysis, 45 AsAQP were divided into 4 subfamilies (PIP, SIP, NIP, and TIP). Among the 45 AsAQP, 23 proteins had interactions, and among these, 5AG0000633.1 had the largest number of interacting proteins. The 20 AsAQP genes were expressed in all tissues, and their expression varied greatly among different tissues and organs. All 20 AsAQP genes responded to salt, drought and cold stress. The NIP subfamily 6Ag0000836.1 gene was significantly upregulated under different abiotic stresses and could be further verified as a key candidate gene.ConclusionThe findings of this study provide a comprehensive list of members and their sequence characteristics of the AsAQP protein family, laying a solid theoretical foundation for further functional analysis of AsAQP in oats. This research also offers valuable reference for the creation of stress-tolerant oat varieties through genetic engineering techniques.
Effect of facial emotion recognition learning transfers across emotions
Authors: Bi Taiyong , Luo Wei , Wu Jia , Shao Boyao , Tan Qingli , Kou Hui 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionPerceptual learning of facial expression is shown specific to the train expression, indicating separate encoding of the emotional contents in different expressions. However, little is known about the specificity of emotional recognition training with the visual search paradigm and the sensitivity of learning to near-threshold stimuli.MethodsIn the present study, we adopted a visual search paradigm to measure the recognition of facial expressions. In Experiment 1 (Exp1), Experiment 2 (Exp2), and Experiment 3 (Exp3), subjects were trained for 8 days to search for a target expression in an array of faces presented for 950 ms, 350 ms, and 50 ms, respectively. In Experiment 4 (Exp4), we trained subjects to search for a target of a triangle, and tested them with the task of facial expression search. Before and after the training, subjects were tested on the trained and untrained facial expressions which were presented for 950 ms, 650 ms, 350 ms, or 50 ms.ResultsThe results showed that training led to large improvements in the recognition of facial emotions only if the faces were presented long enough (Exp1: 85.89%; Exp2: 46.05%). Furthermore, the training effect could transfer to the untrained expression. However, when the faces were presented briefly (Exp3), the training effect was small (6.38%). In Exp4, the results indicated that the training effect could not transfer across categories.DiscussionOur findings revealed cross-emotion transfer for facial expression recognition training in a visual search task. In addition, learning hardly affects the recognition of near-threshold expressions.
Is the mainstream construction of mood disorders resistant to systemic thinking?
Authors: Fellin Lisa C. , Zizevskaia Ekaterina , Galbusera Laura 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionIn this study we explore how the diagnostic category of mood disorders is constructed in two handbooks of Psychopathology as an example of the mainstream construction of psychopathology. Despite the increasing criticism and lack of evidence, the debunked chemical imbalance theory of the etiology of depression still dominates the professional and pop/folk understanding and interventions.MethodsWe analysed the breadth of the inference field and the type of etiopathogenetic contents of the explanations of mood disorders using the “1to3” Coding System.ResultsOur findings show that the dominant explanations draw almost exclusively onto monadic explanations, followed by limited dyadic ones. Intrapersonal etiopathogenetic contents prevailed, and biomedical explanations were dominant in both textbooks.DiscussionWe critically discuss the underpinnings of these results and address the clinical implications of these biased representations, as well as potential alternative approaches to psychopathology.
General anesthesia with local infiltration reduces urine retention rate and prolongs analgesic effect than spinal anesthesia for hemorrhoidectomy
Authors: Lin Chun-Yu , Liu Yi-Chun , Chen Jun-Peng , Hsu Pei-Hsuan , Chang Szu-Ling 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionPostoperative pain and complications pose significant challenges following a hemorrhoidectomy. Attaining effective anesthesia with minimal complications is crucial. The ideal anesthesia method for ambulatory hemorrhoidectomy remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate whether the combination of general anesthesia plus local infiltration (GAL) is associated with lower complications and reduced pain compared to spinal anesthesia (SA) in the context of hemorrhoidectomy.MethodsThis retrospective single-center cohort study, conducted in a tertiary medical center in East Asia, evaluated excisional hemorrhoidectomies performed between January 1, 2017, and March 31, 2023, utilizing GAL or SA. Data on the six most common complications-pain, constipation, acute urine retention (AUR), bleeding, nausea, and headache-were extracted from medical records. A total of 550 hemorrhoidectomies were included: 220 in the GAL group and 330 in the SA group. Patient characteristics were comparable between the two groups.ResultsThe AUR rate was significantly lower in the GAL group compared to the SA group (15.5% vs. 32.1%, P &lt; 0.001). Although the proportion of pain scores ≥4 did not differ significantly between the GAL and SA groups (36.2% vs. 39.8%, P = 0.429), the pain score curve indicated a stable trend. Overall, the GAL group exhibited a lower rate of adverse effects (56.9% vs. 67.4%, P = 0.023). There were no significant differences in the rates of other complications and emergency department readmission between the GAL and SA groups.DiscussionGAL emerges as a favorable choice for anesthesia in hemorrhoidectomy, demonstrating a lower incidence of urine retention and a prolonged analgesic effect in multiple hemorrhoidectomies. These findings support the conclusion that GAL represents an optimal anesthetic method for enhancing the postoperative experience in patients undergoing hemorrhoidectomy.
Paraparesis due to angio-neurotropic Gurltia paralysans in a domestic cat (Felis catus) and retrospective study on feline gurltiosis cases in South America
Authors: Gómez Marcelo , Muñoz Pamela , Moroni Manuel , Mieres Marcelo , Bernal Valentina , Rosenfeld Carla , Taubert Anja , Hermosilla Carlos 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe nematodeGurltia paralysansis a neglected angio-neurotropic parasite causing chronic meningomyelitis in domestic cats (Felis catus) as well as wild felids of the genusLeopardusin South America. AdultG. paralysansnematodes parasitize the leptomeningeal veins of the subarachnoid space and/or meningeal veins of the spinal cord parenchyma. The geographic range ofG. paralysansencompasses rural and peri-urban regions of Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Colombia and Brazil.MethodsThis case report presents clinical and pathological findings of aG. paralysans-infected cat suffering from severe thrombophlebitis and meningomyelitis resulting in ambulatory paraparesis. Neurological examination of affected cat localized the lesions at the thoracolumbar (T3–L3) and lumbosacral (L4–Cd4) segments. Molecular and morphological characteristics of extracted nematodes from parasitized spinal cord veins confirmedG. paralysans. Additionally, data obtained from a questionnaire answered by cat owners of 12 past feline gurltiosis cases (2014–2015) were here analyzed. Questionnaire collected data on age, gender, geographic location, type of food, hunting behavior, type of prey, and other epidemiological features ofG. paralysans-infected cats.Results and DiscussionData revealed that the majority of cats originated from rural settlements thereby showing outdoor life styles with hunting/predatory behaviors, being in close contact to wild life [i.e. gastropods, amphibians, reptiles, rodents, birds, and wild felids (Leopardus guinia)] and with minimal veterinary assistance. Overall, this neglected angio-neurotropicG. paralysansnematode still represents an important etiology of severe thrombophlebitis and meningomyelitis of domestic cats living in endemic rural areas with high biodiversity of definitive hosts (DH), intermediary (IH), and paratenic hosts (PH). The intention of this study is to generate awareness among veterinary surgeons as well as biologists on this neglected feline neuroparasitosis not only affecting domestic cats but also endangered wild felid species of the genusLeoparduswithin the South American continent.
RESULTS OF COMPARATIVE RESOURCE TESTS OF INSULATION SYSTEMS OF HEAT RESISTANCE CLASS H (180°C) OF TRACTION ENGINES OF ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES USING POLYESTHERKETONE AND POLYIMIDE FILMS
Authors: Papkov Andrey , Luchko Dmitry 
Published: January 2024

The operation of electric locomotive traction motors in conditions of constantly increasing temperature and humidity naturally leads to a decrease in the resistance of the body insulation of the coils of the main and auxiliary poles, which then leads to insulation breakdown and engine failure. In the general statistics on TED breakdowns, the percentage of failure due to low insulation resistance is up to 30%.
Manufacturers of electrical insulation are constantly working to increase its reliability, using modern systems of polymer materials for this purpose. This article provides a brief description of the insulation systems of traction electric motors of heat resistance class H (180 °C) based on polyethyrketone and polyimide films. The main normative documents on the basis of which the assessment of insulation characteristics was carried out are indicated. Insulating tapes based on fiberglass and mica, mass-produced by ZEIM Elinar LLC, were used as objects of research. The methods are given, the equipment and the main results of resource tests of various insulation systems are indicated. According to the test results, it is shown that the system based on a polyester ketone film is in no way inferior in terms of heat resistance to a system based on a polyimide film.
Les mutations de la notion de Constitution et le droit international
Authors: Mouton Jean-Denis 
Published: January 2024

The nature of the concept, constitution, is not really discussed in International Law which, as it is primarily concerned with the effectiveness of political power, raises neither the question of its constituent nature nor of the founding act on which this power is based.
This lack of interest corresponds with a period in international society which, even though it exists on a world-wide basis, is organised on very different principles to those in constitutional systems.
KELSEN's Normative Theory explains this difference by distinguishing between basic international legal norms and basic norms prevailing within States ; this difference runs parallel to an equally radical difference between the legal system within a State and that prevailing in the international community. For KELSEN, a State has a centralised, hierarchical system, while the international system is all-embracing but highly decentralised. However this dichotomous analysis is also cosmopolitic in that only the creation of a World State, foreseen by KELSEN, would put an end to this radical dichotomy, the basic legal norm of the international legal system becoming the World State's constitution.
However, there's no question but the changes occurring in international society, particularly in recent years, have called this dichotomous and cosmopolitic view into question. We analyse the impact of the changes on the constitutional concept, firstly by considering the possible internationalisation of existing state constitutions, and then the possible "constitutionalisation" of a World State.
La production constitutionnelle au cours des transitions africaines
Authors: Mampuya Auguste 
Published: January 2024

The introduction of democracy in Africa, when a number ex-colonial states were granted independence, was the occasion for the creation of a variety of constitutions, a technique frequently used thereafter, the constitutional arrangements invariably being an attempt to find a solution to political crises or even armed conflict.
Ironically, this fetishisation of constitutions, treating them as a panacea, subsequently became the favourite instrument of dictators, thus rapidly disproving the legal and historical belief that a constitution limits a ruler's powers.
Under the pressure of events, however, the traditional view of the constitutional concept finally triumphed when, in the 1990s, Africa started turning its back on dictatorships, and embracing democracy.
Specialists talked of a renewal of African constitutionalism. The sovereign national conference phenomenon was considered, not only an African invention, but also a genuine revolution. However, while the method of drawing up new constitutions in Africa could well be considered revolutionary, the results were simply traditional.
As with so many previous reforms, sovereign national conferences have, since independence, not achieved anything more than the traditional cycle of democracy -"strong, stable regimes" -dictatorships -and a return democracy again. . . .
The problem, however, is less in the mechanism itself, as François BORELLA accurately pointed out, "but in the context in which it is applied".
L'évolution du droit constitutionnel en situation de crise
Authors: Sierpinski Batyah 
Published: January 2024

El ánalisis de la evolución del derecho constitucional en situación de crisis depende de la forma de entender la idea de situación de crisis, de modo que el enfoque puede ser interno o internacional. Si nos limitamos a este último, hay que interesarse por los efectos de una crisis internacional sobre el derecho constitucional. Sin embargo, la socieadad internacional ha evolucionado en lo tocante a las interacciones entre lo interno y lo internacional especialmente a lo largo del siglo que ha acabado.
En un primer período que va del fin del siglo XIX al primer cuarto del siglo XX, lo que se llama sociedad internacional o al menos algunos Estados que se consideran representativos de esta sociedad han reaccionado frente a situaciones de crisis por el cauce de la intervención humanitaria o mediante el tratamiento de las minorías. En los dos casos, el derecho interno de los Estados interesados por la intervención, entre otros, el derecho constitucional, quedó modificado.
La Segunda Guerra mundial y la creación de la ONU han modificado la sociedad internacional y han originado la aparición de lo que se llama la comunidad internacional. Esta comunidad también se enfrenta con crisis que ha intentado e intenta todavía resolver. Algunas crisis pueden ser engendradas por un problema interno como lo han demostrado el caso de Bosnia-Herzegovina y el de Kosovo. Sin embargo, de nuevo, la solución deseada -dícese -por la comunidad internacional, de esa crisis, ha tenido a veces un impacto directo, o indirecto sobre la propia constitución del estado interesado.
La réforme du mode d'élection des sénateurs : point de départ ou d'arrivée ?
Authors: Verdier Marie-France 
Published: January 2024

Is the change in the way in which French senators are elected, introduced by the Law of 10 July 2002 in spite of the Senate's opposition, a new departure or the culmination of earlier changes ?
The Constitutional Council's decision of 6 July 2000, giving its interpretation of Article 24 of the Constitution, struck out much of the government's proposed text which had been intended to improve the French Senate's representativeness, and increased the number of municipal representatives in the electoral college in particular. The Constitutional Council thus re-emphasised the Senate's role representing local authorities, giving a relatively nuanced interpretation of the one person, one vote principle. The way in which senators are elected today is based on an electoral college determined by the Constitutional Council.
The Senate's representativeness could nevertheless be improved by introducing a more equitable representation of the municipalities, by a more balanced representation of county (departmental) councils, and by a reduction in the senators' term of office.
That done, one could imagine its constitutional powers being increased, a precondition for its continuing relevance, in matters affecting local authorities, without granting it as much power as the House of Deputies. In addition, stabilising the terms and conditions under which senators are elected, and insisting on their approval for the reforms, would give them greater authority in the role they are called upon to play.
La composición del Tribunal Constitucional y su función de órgano de solución de las controversias territoriales (A propósito de las previsiones del llamado «Plan Ibarretxe» en relación con la justicia constitucional territorial)
Authors: Roura Gomez Santiago A. 
Published: January 2024

L'un des éléments les plus importants du «plan Ibarretxe » représente la réforme de la justice constitutionnelle, puisqu'il établit une chambre spéciale au sein du Tribunal constitutionnel, chargée des litiges concernant la Communauté autonome basque. Le point de départ de cet aspect de la proposition constitue la considération qu'il faut que la solution de ce type de différend nécessite une instance neutre ou médiatrice.
L'article s'interroge sur la question posée et essaie de la résoudre à la lumière de la théorie générale du droit constitutionnel au sein des Etats décentralisés , du point de vue politique et du droit comparé. L'auteur trouve que les fédérations n'attribuent pas à des organes à caractère arbitral la solution des litiges territoriaux. La raison est que cet organe juridictionnel est conçu comme un organe d'un Etat décentralisé et constitutionnel.
La reconnaissance de la personnalité juridique des confessions religieuses en Autriche
Authors: Torres Gutiérrez Alejandro 
Published: January 2024

En este artículo se analiza la evolución de la legislación austriaca en materia de libertad religiosa, hasta llegar a la reciente Ley 19/1998 sobre reconocimiento de la personalidad jurídica de las comunidades confesionales de carácter religioso, que crea una nueva categoría intermedia entre las dos únicas soluciones maximalistas que admitía la legislación austríaca hasta ese momento :
a) El pleno reconocimiento como confesión religiosa, que suponía el otorgamiento de un régimen privilegiado con numerosas connotaciones públicas, como la posibilidad de recaudar el impuesto religioso entre sus fieles.
b) El desconocimiento jurídico por parte del Estado. En este trabajo se estudian los requisitos exigidos para acceder a esta nueva categoría intermedia de comunidad confesional de carácter religioso, así como los exigidos más adelante para llegar a conseguir el pleno reconocimiento estatal, alguno de estos últimos abiertos a clara polémica, como la exigencia de una indefinida actitud positiva hacia la sociedad y el Estado, o un mínimo de fíeles que representen el 2 por 1000 de la población, exigencia que no cumplen muchas de las confesiones religiosas ya plenamente reconocidas por parte del Estado.
Las Charangas de Bejucal, surgimiento, evolución y percepción desde la preservación del patrimonio que representan.
Authors: Garcia Gonzalez Maryuri , Fernández García Renier Helvio 
Published: January 2024

Se realiza un análisis histórico evolutivo de las charangas de Bejucal, reconociendo desde su surgimiento la impronta a la cultura tradicional de la nación; trascendiendo hasta nuestros días su legado. Se precisa además la percepción del investigador respecto a su estado actual y la necesidad de rescatar tradiciones un tanto olvidadas, contribuyendo a la preservación y gestión patrimonial, dejando clara su necesidad y trascendencia histórica – cultural concreta, no solo para el territorio, sino para la nación y el patrimonio cultural universal.