bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixed-trust Computing: Safe and Secure Real-time Systems
Authors: de Niz Dionisio , Andersson Bjorn , Klein Mark , Lehoczky John , Kim Hyoseung , Moreno Gabriel 
Published: December 2023

Verifying complex Cyber-physical Systems (CPSs) is increasingly important given the push to deploy safety-critical autonomous features. Unfortunately, traditional verification methods do not scale to the complexity of these systems and do not provide systematic methods to protect verified properties when not all the components can be verified. To address these challenges, this article proposes a real-time mixed-trust computing framework that combines verification and protection. The framework introduces a new task model, where an application task can have both an untrusted and a trusted part. The untrusted part allows complex computations supported by a full OS with a real-time scheduler running in a VM hosted by a trusted hypervisor. The trusted part is executed by another scheduler within the hypervisor and is thus protected from the untrusted part. If the untrusted part fails to finish by a specific time, the trusted part is activated to preserve safety (e.g., prevent a crash) including its timing guarantees. This framework is the first allowing the use of untrusted components for CPS critical functions while preserving logical and timing guarantees, even in the presence of malicious attackers. We present the framework, its schedulability analysis, and the coordination protocol between the trusted and untrusted parts. Our implementation on a Raspberry Pi 3 is also discussed along with experiments showing the behavior of the system under failures of untrusted components and a drone application to demonstrate its practicality.
Microwave-Assisted Hot Air Drying of Orange Snacks: Drying Kinetics, Thin Layer Modeling, Quality Attributes, and Phenolic Profiles
Authors: Özkan-Karabacak Azime , Acoğlu-Çelik Büşra , Özdal Tuğba , Yolci-Ömeroğlu Perihan , Çopur Ömer Utku , Baştuğ-Koç Ayşe , Pandiselvam Ravi 
Published: December 2023

Citrus fruits, regarded as a prominent fruit crop, are cultivated extensively around the globe and orange (Citrus sinensis L.) is a widely cultivated popular member of the citrus family. Dried oranges have gained recognition as a healthy snack option among consumers and worldwide markets due to the absence of additional ingredients such as sugar and chemicals, whilst yet containing significant natural beneficial components. The drying method is very intriguing due to its ability to facilitate the efficient production, packaging, storage, and transportation of dried oranges at a cost-effective price. In this study, the effects of microwave pretreatment (Mpt) (90 W, 30 min) on hot air drying (HTAD-MW) (60, 70, and 80°C) were investigated, along with the effects on the drying kinetics, rehydration capacity, and quality properties of the orange snack including phenolic compounds (vanillic acid, gallic acid, epicatechin, hesperidin, naringenin, chlorogenic acid, sinapic acid, and o-coumaric acid), antioxidant capacities (with DPPH, FRAP, and CUPRAC methods), and ascorbic acid contents. For modeling the kinetics of orange snack drying in all tests, logarithmic, Wang and Singh’s, diffusion approach, two term, and Wang and Sing’s models performed best. Hot air drying (HTAD) at 70°C applied orange snacks showed the lowest △E

∗

ab value, and the color values were close to those of fresh orange slices. The levels of total and individual phenolics, antioxidant capacity (AC), and ascorbic acid (AA) in dried orange snacks were found to be significantly lower (

p

< 0.05) than in the fresh orange slices. Results also showed that HTAD-MW-applied orange snacks contained more total phenolic (TP) content, individual phenolic content, and AC but lower AA than HTAD-applied samples. The highest amount of phenolic compound was hesperidin for fresh and dried orange snacks. The method that best preserves the TP content and AC of dried orange snacks was found at the drying condition of HTAD-MW at 60°C. As a conclusion, it was suggested that the use of microwave and hot air combination is a promising method to introduce a new functional healthy snack to the dried product market with high quality.
Antistaphylococcal Efficacy of Cefepime, Meropenem, and Piperacillin-Tazobactam in Patients with Polymicrobial Infection with MSSA Bacteremia or Pneumonia
Authors: Najia Laila M. , Pyles Eric , Lopez-Ruiz Arnaldo , Subedi Bibidh 
Published: December 2023

There is a paucity of literature describing de-escalation techniques in patients with polymicrobial infections with one offending organism being methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) being treated with β-lactam therapy. The purpose of this study is to determine treatment outcomes for patients with polymicrobial infections with MSSA bacteremia or pneumonia who are treated with cefepime (FEP), meropenem (MEM), or piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP). This trial design represents a retrospective observational three-group comparison study of patients at a community teaching hospital system. Patients reviewed included those who had a MSSA bacteremia or pneumonia in addition to a confirmed polymicrobial infection or presence of a coinfection and received definitive therapy with FEP, MEM, or TZP. The primary outcome is defined as the resolution of fever of ≥100.4°F, hypothermia (≤95°F), leukocytosis (WBC °>° 12,000 cells/mm3), and leukopenia with WBC °<° 4,000 cells/mm3. Secondary outcomes included duration of definite therapy, in-hospital mortality, hospital and ICU length of stay (LOS), 30-day readmission rates for a presumed infection, and hospital-acquired Clostridioides difficile infection (HCDI). From August 1, 2016, to August 30, 2019, 45 patients met eligibility criteria. There were no observed differences in primary endpoint (

p

= 0.65) or secondary endpoints, i.e., in-hospital mortality (

p

= 0.10), hospital LOS (

p

= 0.75), ICU LOS (

p

= 0.53), 30-day readmission rates for presumed infection (

p

= 0.07), or HCDI (

p

= 0.34). There was no difference in treatment success with FEP, MEM, or TZP for polymicrobial infections with one offending organism being MSSA. Due to the lack of evidence in this unique patient population and observed results of our study, randomized studies are warranted to determine appropriate therapy in this complex patient population.
We Have Never Been Modern (Enough)
Authors: Bardin Andrea , Ferrari Marco 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article offers a philosophical-political commentary of Jason Ā. Josephson Storm’s Metamodernism: The Future of Theory (2021). We welcome Josephson Storm’s integrated interdisciplinary distillation and ambitious ethico-political perspective, but we also point out the necessity to go further in the cross-disciplinary theoretical effort to rebuild a post-postmodernist academia. In particular, we identify the very modern/postmodern dialectic as problematic, and we contend that a materialist philosophy able to rethink politics and non-human agency through all the sciences would better serve the project. We also highlight how the metamodernist project might benefit from the adoption of a Simondonian approach insofar as the conceptualisation of both biology and technology is concerned. Finally, we end with a plea for an ongoing vigilance of the material conditions of possibility that support cutting-edge inter- and cross-disciplinary research, for they are fragile and need institutional and societal support.
“Breast is Best”—Really?
Authors: Andrews Donna , Paremoer Lauren 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper explores how the normalization of ‘breast is best’ has conceptualized women’s agency in relation to their role as (breast)feeders and how this has contributed to a very particular framing of women as working in private for the ‘public’ good. It does so by critically evaluating three case studies in which breastfeeding was framed as the best source of food for newborns: the 1970s campaigns against baby formula manufacturers, efforts during the early 2000s to assure HIV-positive mothers that they should breastfeed, and more contemporary framings by the agroecology movement of breastfeeding as the “first act of food sovereignty.” In each of these case studies we reflect on how the costs that this particular food/feeding practice imposes on women are obscured, ignored, or normalized. We suggest that breastfeeding, and exclusive breastfeeding in particular, often functions as a hegemonic practice, because breastfeeding is configured as ultimately being the personal responsibility of individual women (biological mothers). In what sense is this practice hegemonic? The case studies show that breastfeeding tends to be understood as something that is a universal good, but in practice constrains the agency of breastfeeding women and normalizes the status of women (and mothers in particular) as a dominated social group.
Automatic dispenser of live Black Soldier Fly larvae to feed poultry
Authors: Dörper A. , Gort G. , Veldkamp T. , Dicke M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Feeding poultry with live insect larvae stimulates natural behaviour and improves poultry welfare, when poultry has prolonged or frequent access to the larvae. But how to feed live insect larvae to poultry without labour-intensive hand feeding? This paper focusses on the development of a device that overcomes this challenge. A circular device was designed with eight storage compartments, which were filled once a day with live Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae (Hermetia illucens). A motor controlled the timed rotation of the device multiple times per day, initiating the release of larvae when a compartment was pushed over an outlet. Every 60 minutes, a new compartment was pushed over the outlet, which means that after eight hours all compartments are emptied. To achieve a gradual release of larvae per storage compartment the device was timed to move every 30 minutes half a storage compartment forward. The larval release was recorded every 5 minutes within the 60 minutes. The device was tested at 18 °C, 24 °C and 30 °C, with 3.4 g and 129.8 g BSF larvae per compartment, and with three different outlet types of different size and shape. The larval release rate was influenced by temperature, amount of larvae, outlet type, and interactions between these factors. After placing a new compartment above the outlet, 50% of the larvae were on average released within 6 minutes. After 60 minutes, on average only 0.5% larvae remained in the compartment. Outlets with wider openings are preferred over the outlet with the narrowest outlet because less larvae remained in the compartments. The dispenser fulfilled the low-labour-intensity requirement as filling was only necessary once a day, the release of different amounts of larvae was achieved over several hours. This automatic dispenser provides a valuable tool to investigate the behaviour of poultry fed with live BSF larvae.
Practical approach to confirm femoral artery patency after percutaneous closure for veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation decannulation
Authors: Gregory Vasiliki , Goldberg Joshua B , Haidry Abbas , Ahmad Hasan , Isath Ameesh , Kai Masashi , Ohira Suguru 
Published: December 2023

Background We describe a technique to assess blood flow distal to the decannulation site after deployment of Perclose ProGlide (Abbott Vascular, Abbott Park, Ill) in patients on femoral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) support. Technique An antegrade distal perfusion catheter was placed in all patients, and decannulation was primarily performed at bedside (N = 11/12). With the VA-ECMO circuit switched off, a needle was inserted into the arterial tubing, passed through the femoral arterial cannula into the artery. The arterial cannula was removed over a wire and the previously placed Proglide Perclose sutures were secured. Back bleeding from the antegrade distal perfusion catheter, confirmed using a three-way connector, indicated blood flow to the superficial femoral artery. This was followed by confirmation of blood flow to the lower leg using a Doppler ultrasound. Hemostasis of the antegrade perfusion catheter was achieved through manual compression. Results We implemented this technique in 12 patients with a technical success rate of 100%. There were no ipsilateral leg ischemia, bleeding, pseudoaneurysm, or infection after decannulation. Conclusions This technique allows prompt assessment of blood flow to the distal leg immediately following arterial decannulation.
Human activities significantly impact China’s net primary production variation from 2001 to 2020
Authors: Cai Yiling , Liu Xiaoping , Liu Kangyao , Zeng Li , Pei Fengsong , Zhuang Haoming , Wen Youyue , Wu Changjiang , Li Bingjie 
Published: December 2023

Formulating ecological restoration strategies requires accurately quantifying how climate and anthropogenic factors influence net primary production (NPP). A Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach (CASA) model was applied to estimate China’s terrestrial NPP from 2001 to 2020. We adopted a random forest (RF) method to identify the main driving forces for NPP change in China. Total NPP in China increased noticeably with a 24.91 Tg C/yr rate, as shown in our results. The significantly increased NPP was mainly attributed to human activities (64.29 ± 0.17%), chiefly due to human management and ecological projects (afforestation or other) fostered vegetation growth. The primary drivers of NPP variation varied in different geographic regions. Climate dominated the NPP dynamic in north China (52.38 ± 0.91%), where the main factor that restricted the increase of NPP was precipitation. Human activities strongly impacted the NPP variation in the remaining regions. Human management measures increased NPP in northwest and southwest China. In the northeast, east, and south-central China, the NPP change resulted from land use change, primarily grassland, cropland, and forest change. Collectively, our study expands the understanding of the driving forces of NPP change, informing different strategies for achieving ecological restoration and carbon neutrality.
The evolutionary meaning of migraine
Authors: Pensato Umberto , Cevoli Sabina , Pierangeli Giulia , Cortelli Pietro 
Published: December 2023

Introduction Migraine’s astonishing prevalence and preserved genetic background contrast with the definition of a disease and the biological meaning of experiencing recurrent, severe headache attacks is still puzzling. Methods To provide a comprehensive explanation of the migraine evolutionary meaning, we review (i) the putative role of the autonomic nervous system in migraine attacks, (ii) the inter-ictal autonomic, functional, and metabolic signature of migraine patients, (iii) the bio-behavioral perspective of pain, and (iv) the allostatic perception of migraine chronification. Results Migraineurs have inter-ictal cortical hyperexcitability and metabolic dysfunction that predisposes to brain energetic imbalance. Multiple precipitating factors may lead to brain energy consumption over the migraine attack generation threshold. In response, the brain engenders adaptive, evolutionary conserved, autonomic-behavior responses through the antidromic activation of the trigeminovascular system. The sickness behavior and severe pain experienced during migraine attacks result in avoiding mental and physical activity, allowing brain energy restoration. Chronic exposure to stressors may result in an allostatic overload, leading to maladaptive chronic activation of these responses. In this bio-behavioral perspective, the chronification of migraine should be envisioned as a pathological process, whereas the migraine itself should not. Conclusion Migraine has an evolutionary (Darwinian) meaning.
Investigation of tool offset on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AA6061-T6/PC Friction Stir Butt Welding joint
Authors: Sun Yibo , Fu Wenru , Zhang Yuan , Yu Bo , Long Haiwei , Zou Li , Yang Xinhua 
Published: December 2023

Conventional friction stir welding (FSW) is mostly applied to lap welding, which is suitable to join metal/polymer materials. In this paper, solid-state friction stir butt welding (FSBW) technology is utilized to bond the sheets with the plates of 2 mm thickness of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy (AA6061-T6) and polycarbonate (PC) in a joint design. The effects of tool offset on the temperature evolution, surface morphology, microstructural characteristics, and mechanical properties of the dissimilar joints are investigated. A sound dissimilar join with the average highest tensile strength of around 14.23 MPa is attained at the offset of 3.5 mm. Microstructural characteristics indicate an effective mechanical interlocking structure (Al anchor). The mixed fragments of polymer and metal are formed with a chaotic interface along the joint line, improving the mechanical properties of welding joints. Furthermore, a novel friction stir V shape butt welding (V-FSBW) is proposed to join dissimilar plates. The maximum tensile strength and improvement rate of the V-FSBW joint compared with conventional FSBW are 18.42 MPa and 29.4%, respectively. Results indicate that the tool offset significantly affects the welding joints, and V-FSBW can effectively increase the mechanical properties of the dissimilar AA6061-T6/PC joints.
Risk factors for early ostomy complications in emergency and elective colorectal surgery: A single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ayik Cahide , Bişgin Tayfun , Cenan Deniz , Manoğlu Berk , Özden Dilek , Sökmen Selman 
Published: December 2023

Background and Aims: The clinical significance of early ostomy complications has been emphasized worldwide, and the current evidence concerning the impact of emergency or elective surgery on ostomy complications is limited. This study aimed to investigate the effect of elective and emergency colorectal surgery on early ostomy complications and the risk factors associated with specific complications. Methods: A mandatory colorectal recording system for consecutive ostomy patients between 2012 and 2020 was reviewed retrospectively. Patient socio-demographics, ostomy-related variables, and early period ostomy complications were retrieved from the patient records. The chi-square test, t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The study cohort included 872 patients. At least one or more complications developed in 573 (65.7%) patients, 356 (63.6%) in the emergency group, and 217 (69.6%) in the elective group. When comparing emergency surgery to elective surgery, necrosis (7.4% versus 3.4%, p = 0.009), mucocutaneous separation (37.2% versus 27.1%, p = 0.002), and bleeding (6.1% versus 2.1%, p = 0.003) were more prevalent. Peristomal irritant contact dermatitis (PICD) (37.3% versus 26%, p < 0.001) was more common in elective surgery. Risk factors for PICD were comorbidity (p = 0.003), malignant disease (p = 0.047), and loop ostomy (p < 0.001) in elective surgery; female sex (p = 0.025), neo-adjuvant therapy (p = 0.024), and ileostomy (p = 0.006) in emergency surgery. The height of the ostomy (less than 10 mm) was a modifiable risk factor for mucocutaneous separation in both elective surgery (p < 0.001) and emergency surgery (p = 0.045). Conclusion: Early ostomy complications were more likely to occur after emergency colorectal surgery than in an elective setting. Patient- and ostomy-related risk factors for complications differed between elective and emergency surgeries.
Innovative innovation in journalism
Authors: Sixto-García José , López-García Xosé 
Published: December 2023

Previous studies over the past 23 years have illustrated how the journalistic field has embraced innovative processes. While some of these processes were fully developed at that time, others were still in the process of development or implementation. An ad hoc analysis sheet was designed using innovation categories, where each item is assigned a score based on the level of innovation, ranging from low to high. This methodological instrument is proposed for the analysis of high innovation in news websites and it is applied to narratives, data journalism, audience involvement, co-creation, verification, ethics, corporate information and content distribution in the most widely consumed news sites across Europe, the Americas, Asia Pacific and Africa. What is discovered is that there are no more evolved trends in some regions than in others. Nevertheless, European and American sites offer a broader range of options compared to their African and Asian counterparts.
Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Using Physician-Modified Fenestrated Endurant Contralateral Limb for Internal Iliac Artery Preservation
Authors: Tatsuishi Wataru , Shibuya Kei , Konishi Yasunobu , Oi Atsushi , Soda Takashi , Abe Tomonobu 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: We developed a novel technique using a physician-modified fenestrated Endurant contralateral limb (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA) for iliac artery aneurysm repair and to preserve the internal iliac artery blood flow. Technique: To preserve the internal iliac artery, we developed a fenestration reinforced by a hydrogel coil in the Endurant contralateral limb with a preloaded wire. We employed a fenestrated repair approach with a physician-modified Endurant limb, along with the inclusion of Viabahn VBX as a bridging branch. The 0.025-in Radifocus guidewire was preloaded to deliver the sheath from the contralateral side, ensuring a reliable and straightforward cannulation of the internal iliac artery. The procedure was performed in 24 patients with common and/or internal iliac artery aneurysms. In total, 31 branch preservations were performed. The technical success rate was 100%, and no complications were observed after the 1-year follow-up. Conclusions: We believe that our procedure is safe, reliable, and effective in preventing ischemia in the internal iliac region. We believe our technique has the potential to broaden the range of anatomical indications for internal iliac artery-preserving procedures. Clinical Impact We developed a novel Endovascular aortic repair technique for internal iliac artery preservation using a physician modified Endurant contralateral limb. This procedure was safe and reliable for preserving internal iliac artery flow in 24 patients with common and internal iliac artery aneurysms. We believe that our technique has the potential to expand the anatomic indications for internal iliac artery preserving procedures.
Use of Photovoice in sub-Saharan Africa: Illustrations and Reflections From Research in Uganda
Authors: McMorrow Shannon , Musoke David 
Published: December 2023

Photovoice is a qualitative, participatory research method with great potential for increased use across settings and disciplines in sub-Saharan Africa. The method originated over 30 years ago with two women researchers in reproductive health and has since been used across disciplines in diverse settings globally. Despite its origin within the social and cultural contexts of China in 1992, the method has been used predominantly in settings in the global North and West. There is ample opportunity to employ the method in sub-Saharan African contexts as a powerful, versatile research method. This paper highlights the current use of the photovoice research method in sub-Saharan Africa, with a specific focus on Uganda. We aim to demystify photovoice and advocate for more use of the method as a participatory approach in tackling major current transdisciplinary challenges across the globe. We introduce the method, describe the historical and philosophical underpinnings, illustrate use of the method through two examples of our photovoice research in Uganda, and discuss its challenges and benefits.