bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foeniculum vulgare Mill. inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia activation and ameliorates neuroinflammation-mediated behavioral deficits in mice
Authors: Koppula Sushruta , Alluri Ramesh , Kopalli Spandana Rajendra 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
To investigate the effect of Foeniculum vulgare extract against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglial activation in vitro as well as cognitive behavioral deficits in mice.

Methods:
LPS-activated BV-2 cell viability was measured using MTT assay and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was studied using DCF-DA assay. The antioxidative enzymes and pro-inflammatory mediators were analyzed using respective ELISA kits and Western blotting. For in vivo testing, LPS (1 mg/kg, i.p.) was given daily for five days in male Swiss albino mice to produce chronic neuroinflammation. Cognitive and behavioral tests were performed using open-field, passive avoidance, and rotarod experiments in LPS-induced mice.

Results:

Foeniculum vulgare extract (25, 50 and 100 μg/mL) significantly attenuated the LPS-activated increase in nitric oxide (NO), ROS, cyclooxygenase-2, inducible NO synthase, IL-6, and TNF-alpha (P < 0.05). Moreover, LPS-induced oxidative stress and reduced antioxidative enzyme levels were significantly improved by Foeniculum vulgare extract (P < 0.05). The extract also regulated the NF-κB/MAPK signaling in BV-2 cells. In an in vivo study, Foeniculum vulgare extract (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) markedly mitigated the LPS-induced cognitive and locomotor impairments in mice. The fingerprinting analysis showed distinctive peaks with rutin, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, and anethole as identifiable compounds.

Conclusions:

Foeniculum vulgare extract can ameliorate LPS-stimulated neuroinflammatory responses in BV-2 microglial cells and improve cognitive and locomotor performance in LPS-administered mice.
CRX-527 as a candidate adjuvant in a recombinant BCG-based malaria vaccine
Authors: Zakaria Nor Munirah , Abbas Muhammad Adamu , Suppian Rapeah 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
To investigate the role of CRX-527, a Toll-like receptor 4 agonist, as the possible adjuvant for recombinant Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guerin expressing merozoite surface protein 1C (BCG-MSP-1C).

Methods:
The mice were immunized with BCG and BCG-MSP-1C in the presence and absence of CRX-527. The untreated mice (injected with PBS-T80 only) were the negative control. The ability of CRX-527 to enhance IgG and its subclasses, as well as IL-4 and IFN-γ production in the serum and spleen supernatant was evaluated using ELISA.

Results:
Mice immunized with BCG-MSP-1C exhibited the highest production of IgGs, IL-4 and IFN-γ after third immunization. In addition, CRX-527 further promoted the production of total IgG and IgG subclasses as well as IFN-γ and IL-4 in the serum and splenocytes of immunized mice.

Conclusions:
CRX-527 has the potential as an adjuvant candidate for the candidate vaccines. Further study is needed to verify appropriate dosage for immunization and its efficacy.
Evaluation of Paperless Electronic Data Entry and its Comparison with Manual Entry Method for Oral Health Assessment of Adults
Authors: Batra Manu , Gijwani Deeksha , Popli Hansika 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
World Health Organization oral health assessment forms (2013) are the standard method to record the information regarding oral health among children and adults. Conventional paper forms are still being used and data are entered in digital form manually for further statistical analysis, which causes duplication, errors, and extra time consumption. Hence, the aim of present study was to conduct a usability evaluation of the novel offline Paperless Electronic Data Entry System (PEDES) and compare it with the manual entry method (MEM) for the World Health Organization oral health assessment form (2013) for adults.

Materials and Method:
A total of 186 participants were enrolled for the study as recorders. Usability evaluation was assessed using a user experience questionnaire (UEQ). Each participant used manual and electronic data entry to work through five documented tasks. The usability of the paperless entry system was evaluated with the UEQ tool.

Results:
Time taken to complete adult form was less for PEDES as compared to MEM (P < .001). UEQ scores for all scales under attractiveness, pragmatic, and hedonic quality were found to be good with a value more than 0.8. Comparison of the task completion among PEDES and MEM for the different task assigned under different domains showed statistically significant differences (P < .05).

Conclusion:
The study strongly recommends the usage of this novel technique in future, so that labour-intensive manual data entry can be replaced with a more effective method. Being offline system, it has an additional edge with no requirement of active internet to record or store the data.
Translation and Validation of Oral Health Impact Profile-49 Questionnaire for use in Hindi-Speaking Population
Authors: Kwatra Neha , Sudan Jasneet , Sogi Girish M. , Ahmed Sami 
Published: January 2024

Context:
The subjective dimension of oral health has become a focus area for healthcare researchers in last decades. There has been an increase in scales measuring the self-perceived oral health outcomes. Oral health impact profile (OHIP-49) was developed in English, and for its use in Hindi-speaking population, translation and validation along with cross cultural adaptation are needed.

Aim:
To translate and validate OHIP-49 questionnaire for use in Hindi-speaking population.

Settings and Design:
Translation and validation of OHIP-49 questionnaire were carried out in a cross-sectional study conducted from January 2017 to October 2017 at a tertiary care centre.

Methods and Material:
A systematic random sample of 303 subjects reporting with orofacial pain was included in the study. The original English version OHIP-49 was initially translated and cross-culturally adapted to Hindi following WHO guidelines and then, subsequently validated.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The OHIP subscale measures were computed using Thurston's method. Internal consistency of the translated questionnaire was quantified in terms of Cronbach's alpha and average inter-item correlations for each domain.

Results:
The standardized overall Cronbach's alpha value derived from the correlation matrix was 0.88 (excellent). The average inter-item correlation coefficient was within the range of 0.3–0.5 for all the domains except for handicap domain.

Conclusions:
The OHIP-46-H questionnaire has an acceptable validity and reliability for use in Hindi-speaking population. It provides a possibility to narrate in details how frequently oral diseases affect the quality of life.
Prevalence, Clinical Features, and Genotypes of Norovirus-Associated Diarrhea in Wuxi, China, 2013–2020
Authors: Wang Yan , Gao Yumeng , Shi Chao , Shen Yuan , Lu Mingyan , Sha Dan , Chen Yujun , Zhu Ding , Shi Ping 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT.
Norovirus (NoV) is a common pathogen that can cause infectious diarrhea. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, clinical features, and genotypes of NoV-associated diarrhea in Wuxi, China. A total of 4,416 stool samples were collected from patients with diarrhea at enteric disease clinics of sentinel hospitals in Wuxi from February 1, 2013 to December 31, 2020. Univariate and Akaike information criterion stepwise logistic regression were used to identify differences as integrated within a clinical setting (NoV positive [+] versus NoV negative [–], NoV+ versus rotavirus [RV]+, NoV+ versus bacteria+, genogroup [G] I and GII genotypes). Norovirus was detected in 9.85% of stool samples, which was greater than other tested pathogens. Excluding coinfection of NoV and other viruses or bacteria, patients infected with NoV had a lower chance of acquiring the virus in summer (P < 0.001; odds ratio [OR], 0.257; 95% CI, 0.189–0.36) when compared with patients without NoV. Patients with diarrhea infected with NoV featured nausea and vomiting (P < 0.001; OR, 2.297, 95% CI, 1.85–2.86) and loose stools (P = 0.006; OR, 2.247; 95% CI, 1.30–4.10), but less abdominal cramping (P = 0.001; OR, 0.676; 95% CI, 0.54–0.84). Patients infected with RV (P < 0.001; OR, 0.413; 95% CI, 0.25–0.68) or bacteria (P < 0.001; OR, 0.422; 95% CI, 0.26–0.67) were more vulnerable to fever than those infected with NoV. A total of 379 GII strains were detected concomitant with 48 GI strains, and there was a seasonal difference between the GI and GII genotypes. Strengthening pathogen detection for infectious diarrhea was helpful for understanding the epidemiological characteristics of infections with NoV and, potentially, for preventing disease outbreaks.
Metastatic PSMA avid prostate tumour with penile uptake; a rare metastatic site on PET-CT.
Authors: Muhammad Waqas  , Tanzil Sajid  , Mairah Razi  
Published: January 2024

Prostate carcinoma is the most common malignancy in males and the second most common cause of mortality. Initially, metastatic prostate cancers tend to involve bones, but these tumours can involve any system. Gallium-68 prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission computed tomography (PET-CT) scan is indicated in prostate cancer patients if PSA levels are raised, and CT and bone scans are inconclusive. Metastatic penile involvement is a rare phenomenon. We present a case of prostate cancer with foci of PSMA uptake in the penile region.
Key Words: Ga68-PSMA PET-CT scan, Penile, Prostate carcinoma.
HÁBITOS ALIMENTARES EM MULHERES GRÁVIDAS
Authors: Luis Ponda Claudina , Da Silva Rodrigues Charles 
Published: January 2024

Muitas mulheres têm noções pouco correctas dos cuidados alimentares a ter durante a gravidez e/ou amamentação, devido a ideias preconcebidas ou mitos relacionados com a ingestão alimentar de determinados alimentos. Com o objectivo de avaliar as alterações dos hábitos alimentares das grávidas e identificar os mitos relacionados com a alimentação na gravidez e amamentação, foi realizado um questionário onde essas alterações foram encontradas investigando as origens e as razões para tal. Ainda foram questionadas sobre eventuais conhecimentos sobre alimentos e sua interferência na gravidez e/ou amamentação e foi pedida a informação acerca da alteração de peso durante a gestação e história clínica relevante. Os dados foram analisados através do SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) versão 13.0 para Windows. Concluiu-se que apesar de a maioria das mudanças alimentares ocorrerem de forma adequada, ainda ocorrem mudanças alimentares inadequadas ou desnecessárias, quer de forma empírica, baseadas em mitos, ou indicadas por alguns profissionais de saúde.
Single port endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy with holmium laser for treating palmar hyperhidrosis at Thai Binh Provincial General Hospital
Authors: Do Tat Thanh , Doan Quoc Hung , Nguyen Cong Huu 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: thoracoscopic sympathectomy for treating palmar hyperhidrosis often uses 2 ports. Research to evaluate the results of the method using 1 port < 5mm with Holmium Laser fiber.
Object and Method: Description, prospective.
Within 2 months from June 2023 to July 2023, 47 patients underwent single port endoscopic thoracic surgery using holmium laser to transect the sympathetic ganglia at T3 level for patients with palm sweating (26 patients) and T3-T4 level for patients with palm and axillary sweating (21 patients). The male-to-female ratio was 44.7% to 55.3%, with an average age of 18 ± 7.4 years (minimum age of 11 years, maximum age of 52 years). Surgical method: A single entry port trocar 14Fr located at the 3rd intercostal space, the posterior border of the pectoralis major muscle between the anterior and midaxillary lines, using a 12Fr endoscopic lens with integrated tunnel for Holmium Laser fiber. Patients were monitored and evaluated for early post-operative results: technical failure requiring the placement of a second port, complications during and after surgery and the degree of improvement in palmar hyperhidrosis, the rate of compensatory hyperhidrosis after 1 month and the patient's quality of life after surgery.
Results:
There were no technical failures. The time for transecting the sympathetic ganglion (one side) with Holmium Laser was 78 ± 40.76 seconds. All patients had dry hands after surgery, with two out of forty-seven patients having excessively dry hands. There were no complications during or after surgery, and no patients developed Horner’s syndrome. The average time to discharge after surgery was 30 ± 11.4 hours. Fourteen out of forty-seven patients had compensatory sweating after one month postoperatively at an acceptable level.
Conclusion: The method of using a port < 5mm with an endoscopic lens integrated with a Holmium Laser fiber tunnel is safe, effective, less traumatic and highly aesthetic.
Saúde Mental e o trabalho docente no Ensino Superior: um estudo documental a partir de publicações stricto sensu
Authors: Soares Nandra , Rossetto Elisabeth 
Published: January 2024

Observa-se a partir da modernidade, que o trabalho enquanto categoria fundamental para o processo de humanização tem se distanciado do seu sen­tido original, de produtor de valores e fomentador das necessidades humanas e sociais, para se converter em produtor de mercadorias. Nesse contexto, considerando-se o professor um trabalhador submetido às re­gras de produção e reprodução do sistema capitalista, ressalta-se a importância de refletir a respeito da relação do trabalho docente e o adoecimento psíquico no âmbito do ensino superior. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória e bibliográfica a partir da Biblioteca Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BBTD), no idioma português e inglês, publicadas entre os anos de 2017 e 2021, selecionando-se 09 estudos para a análise. Os resultados demonstraram que os docentes universitários vêm construindo solitariamente o seu caminhar, muitas vezes, negligenciando e sendo negligenciado em suas fragilidades em prol de uma necessidade de se mostrar autossuficientes e produtivos, e desse modo, a atividade de trabalho esvazia-se de sentido e significado, potencializando e culminando em sofrimento e adoecimento psíquico. Para tanto, espera-se que esse estudo contribua para que as universidades encaminhem políticas internas permanentes de promoção e prevenção em saúde mental, para que os professores desenvolvam com mais qualidade o papel que lhes cabe, o de mediador do conhecimento científico, com vistas a uma sociedade mais humana.
INFLUENCIA DEL SOLVENTE EN LA SÍNTESIS DE MEMBRANAS PIEZOELÉCTRICAS, BASADAS EN NANOFIBRAS DEL POLÍMERO POLIFLUORURO DE VINILIDENO
Authors: Bryden Guerra María Gabriela , Cuan Miranda Leeyuand Oscar 
Published: January 2024

Se compararon las características cualitativas y cuantitativas de membranas piezoeléctricas fabricadas con el polímero poli fluoruro de vinilideno, a través de la técnica de electro hilado (TEH).

Fabricamos membranas micro fibrosas del (PVDF), utilizando la técnica de electro hilado, en solución de Metiletilcetona (MEC) en una proporción de 2:1 y las comparamos con las fabricadas por otros autores, que utilizaron Dimetilformamida (DMF) como disolvente. Durante el proceso se aplicó una diferencia de potencial de 15,0 kV y se mantuvo la disolución viscoelástica del PVDF a una temperatura de 60ºC. La hipótesis de trabajo se basó en analizar la influencia del soluto del polímero sobre dos propiedades específicas: (1) el diámetro de las microfibras del material polimérico PVDF, sintetizadas a través de la TEH y; (2) en la formación de la estructura cristalina rotacional del polímero, específicamente en la fase piezoeléctrica beta (?).
Para caracterizar las muestras sintetizadas se utilizaron las siguientes técnicas:

Microscopia electrónica de barrido (SEM), con la cual logramos registrar el diámetro de las microfibras entre 85 a 113 nm.
Difracción de rayos X (XRD), en donde las muestras generaron dispersiones en 2???? = 18, 3º, 19, 9º y 20, 6º, lo cual nos indicó que la estructura cristalina obtenida, son propias de las fases piezoeléctricas alfa (????) y beta (????).
Espectroscopia Raman, con la que se determinó un espectro con número de onda (k) entre 800 cm?1 a 840 cm?1, lo cual sustentó los cambios que provocamos en la estructura interna del polímero, utilizando la mezcla DMF/MEC como solvente del polímero

La cara caracterización de las muestras obtenidas nos permitió encontrar que las propiedades de las membranas micro fibrosas del polímero PVDF, son afectadas por el solvente utilizado en el proceso de síntesis. Al realizar comparaciones entre membranas que solo utilizaron DMF como disolvente, con nuestras membranas fabricadas con el solvente DMF/MEC, se generó una mayor concentración de fase estructural piezoeléctrica beta (????) en estas últimas, las cuales poseen mayor aplicación en dispositivos generadores de energía.
Programa em python para geração de sinal de cintilação ionosférica
Authors: Florindo Rodrigo de Lima , Lucena Antônio Macílio Pereira de 
Published: January 2024

A cintilação ionosférica equatorial pode provocar fortes flutuações na magnitude e na fase de sinais trans ionosféricos, principalmente quando os enlaces de comunicação estão colocados em regiões próximas do equador magnético. Esse fenômeno provoca grande impacto no funcionamento dos receptores do Sistema Global de Navegação por Satélite (GNSS). Presentemente, há grande interesse na investigação de novas arquiteturas de receptores GNSS que sejam mais robustas à cintilação. O modelo CSM (Cornell Scintillation Model) foi desenvolvido pela Universidade de Cornell, usando scripts em MATLAB, com o objetivo de simular os efeitos da cintilação equatorial nos sinais recebidos pelo sistema GNSS. Essa ferramenta é largamente utilizada em estudos sobre novas arquiteturas de receptores submetidos à cintilação. Neste artigo, apresenta-se um programa em Python, chamado de Scintillation Data Generator (SDG), que, de forma similar ao CSM, gera e armazena um sinal que simula os efeitos da cintilação. Além disso, o programa é capaz de traçar gráficos que auxiliam na avaliação das estatísticas relaciondas ao sinal gerado e um gráfico interativo que facilita o usuário a perceber de que modo o fator de cintilação e o tempo de descorrelação associado à função de autocorrelação do sinal, alteram a forma do sinal de cintilação. Além do detalhamento sobre o funcionamento do programa em Python, este trabalho revisita o modelo estatístico de um canal de comunicação submetido à cintilação e avalia o desempenho do programa proposto em termos da qualidade dos sinais gerados.
Hermeneutics, Linguistics, and the Bible
Authors: Porter Stanley E. , Mathewson David L. , Nes Jermo van , Pang Francis G. H. , Park Yoon Man , Sim Margaret G. , Xue Xiaxia E. 
Published: January 2024

The volume present Stanley E. Porter’s considered thoughts and reflections on key questions of meaning and context, addresseing the problems of biblical interpretation and how a close collaboration between hermeneutics and linguistics can help to solve them.
The chapters display Porter’s work in both fields, examining how hermeneutics functions as a field in modern biblical studies, and how the quest for meaning in biblical texts is underpinned by the study of linguistics. The volume focuses on context for understanding the meanings of biblical texts. Porter suggests that linguists can learn more from the philosophical questions around meaning that hermeneuts apply in their study of biblical texts, and that there is more fruitful work to be done in the field of hermeneutics using insights from linguistics.
Punks
Authors: Hannon Sharon M. 
Published: January 2024

This history of the punk movement in the United States shows how punk music, fashion, art, and attitude clashed with and ultimately influenced mainstream culture.
Unlike other volumes on the punk era that focus on just the music—and primarily on British punk bands—Punks: A Guide to an American Subculture spans the full expanse of punk as it happened in the United States, from the late-1960s blast from Iggy Pop and the Stooges to the full explosion of punk in the mid 1970s to its next-generation resurgences and continuing aftershocks.
Punks covers it all—not just music, but the punk influence on film, fashion, media, and language. Readers will see how punk spread virally, through fan-created magazines, record labels, clubs, and radio stations, as well as how mainstream America reacted, then absorbed aspects of punk culture. The book includes interviews with key members of the punk subculture, including new conversations with people who participated in the punk scene in the 1970s and 1980s.
Barack Obama
Authors: Brooks F. Erik , Placide MaCherie M. 
Published: January 2024

An essential resource for readers analyzing the presidency of Barack Obama, this book provides a comprehensive summary of the life of 44th president of the United States.
Barack Obama stated, "Our destiny is not written for us. It is written by us." Was the former president talking about himself and his rise to the American presidency?
On January 20, 2009, Barack Obama was inaugurated as the 44th president of the United States, the first African American to be elected to this office. Former President Obama's politics of unity appealed to many segments of American society. When Obama became president, the United States faced challenges at home and abroad. Internationally, the country was stalled in two wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Domestically, the country faced a financial and banking crisis, and poverty was on the rise. Undaunted by these colossal challenges, former President Obama noted, "We did not come to fear the future. We came to shape it."
Barack Obama: A Life in American History discusses the life of Barack Obama chronologically and discusses his post-presidential life. Readers of all levels with an interest in Barack Obama, politics, political parties, political ideology, presidential elections, government, and the U.S. presidency will find this book compelling.
Birth Control
Authors: Zorea Aharon W. 
Published: January 2024

Intended as a reference tool for college students, this book examines the origins of and controversies associated with birth control in the United States.
Issues regarding access to, education about, and practice of birth control have played a pivotal role in religious, social, and political conflicts throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. In the 21st century, controversies surrounding birth control remain at the forefront of current political debates over topics as varied as women's rights, social welfare initiatives, federal healthcare funding, consumer protection and physician liability, and informed consent.
Birth Control provides a historical background of premodern practices, describes birth control in the 19th–20th centuries, and discusses all currently available types of contraceptive systems, including both artificial and natural methods. The treatment of contemporary public debates on birth control addresses questions posed on practical, ethical, religious, and moral grounds, presented respectfully and in a balanced fashion.