bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Qualitative application of the diffusion of innovation theory to maternity waiting homes in rural Zambia
Authors: Kaiser Jeanette L. , Fiorillo Rachel M. , Vian Taryn , Ngoma Thandiwe , Kuhfeldt Kayla J. , Munro-Kramer Michelle L. , Hamer Davidson H. , Bwalya Misheck , Sakanga Viviane R. , Lori Jody R. , Ahmed Mdluli Eden , Rockers Peter C. , Biemba Godfrey , Scott Nancy A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Understanding factors affecting adoption of an innovation is critical to its long-term success. Maternity waiting homes (MWHs) increase access to facility-based delivery in low-resourced settings; yet, quality issues deter utilization of this innovative approach. We sought to understand how attributes that are thought to promote diffusion of innovations (e.g., relative advantage, compatibility, observability, complexity, etc.) affected MWH use after implementation of an improved quality MWH model in rural Zambia compared to standard of care.

Methods
We conducted 158 in-depth interviews (IDIs) with randomly selected rural-living women who had delivered a baby in the prior 12 months. Half lived in catchment areas where new quality MWHs were constructed, half in catchment areas with standard of care (ranging from low quality community structures to no MWH). We applied content analysis to identify themes.

Results
Utilization of MWHs was higher among intervention (65.4%) than control women (42.5%). Respondents in both study arms perceived relative advantages to pregnant women staying at MWHs compared to going directly to health facilities when labor begins. MWH stays allowed for clinical staff to routinely check on and educate women, and address complications immediately. Compatibility of the homes with cultural values and needs depended on implementation. While some women from intervention sites complained about overcrowding, women in control sites more often perceived the lack of cleanliness, amenities, and safety as deterrents to utilization. Women at intervention sites received sensitization about MWHs from a wider range of sources, including traditional leaders. Required preparations needed to stay at MWHs (e.g. delivery supplies, food, and childcare) made adoption complex and may have deterred utilization.

Conclusions
The improved MWH model addressed most community concerns around quality. Having opinion leaders who communicate the relative advantage of MWHs to pregnant women and their social networks may facilitate MWH utilization. The complexity of decisions and resources needed to stay at MWHs remains a critical barrier to use. To facilitate equitable adoption of MWHs among the most vulnerable women, planners should explore how to support women during their delivery preparations and MWH stays, particularly regarding food security and lack of social support for childcare.

Trial registration
clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02620436, Registered 02 December 2015, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02620436?term=NCT02620436&rank=1
A qualitative study of how clinicians reach agreement in perioperative pathway development: the Consensus Model for Standardising Healthcare
Authors: Pagano Lisa , Long Janet C. , Francis-Auton Emilie , Hirschhorn Andrew , Arnolda Gaston , Braithwaite Jeffrey , Sarkies Mitchell N. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Variation in perioperative care persists globally. Consensus discussions may facilitate standardisation, yet the processes used to reach agreement are poorly understood. This study aimed to develop a model for conducting local consensus discussions when implementing standardised perioperative pathways. Specifically, we 1) describe how local consensus discussions are operationalised; 2) identify what guides decision making and consensus between clinicians; and 3) formulate explanatory mechanisms and identify determinants that facilitate consensus discussions.

Methods
A qualitative, modified grounded theory study was conducted in one private hospital in metropolitan Sydney, Australia. Thirty-one participants from clinical disciplines and hospital management/leadership were included. Data were collected from nine semi-structured interviews and 16 h of participant observations during consensus development or implementation meetings. Data collection and analysis occurred concurrently until theoretical saturation was achieved. Interviews and field notes were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using coding, constant comparison, detailed memo writing and data interpretation.

Results
Seven individual and contextual factors crucial for building consensus, and eight mechanisms for reaching agreement were identified and integrated into a conceptual model. Seeking evidence to support decision-making emerged as the primary driver of consensus. Strong research evidence in support of a pathway component facilitated swift agreement. Where there was ambiguous evidence for a pathway component, clinicians based their decisions on a desire for professional autonomy, consideration of how their peers practice, patient preferences, practices from external organisations, or the feasibility of implementing the pathway component.

Conclusions
The Consensus Model for Standardising Healthcare provides a map for healthcare organisations seeking to conduct local consensus discussions to reduce variation in care. Our findings advance our understanding of how local consensus discussions are conducted and factors that impact success when standardising care amongst clinicians.
Effect of core stability exercises on upper limb reaching in children with spastic hemiparetic cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Abd-Elhameed Nadia Hassan , Kamal Heballah Mohammed , Abbass Mai Elsayed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The core stability program is commonly utilized as an intervention method to improve postural control. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of core stability exercises on upper limb reaching in children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy (CP). For this purpose, 30 hemiparetic CP children of both sexes were recruited for the study. The children were between the ages of 4 and 6. According to the modified Ashworth scale (MAS), the degree of spasticity varied from 1 to 1 + , and for children who were selected, the average Trunk Control Measurement Scale (TCMS) ranged from 25 to 42. Children were assigned into two groups at random (study group and control group). The pediatric reach test (PRT) was used to assess each child both before and after two consecutive months of therapy. The children in both groups received the same program of selected physical therapy exercises, but the children in the study group also performed the selected physical therapy program in addition to the core stability exercises.

Results
By comparing the mean values of all assessed variables before and after therapy, both groups improved significantly (p = 0.0001). When comparing post-treatment outcomes, there were significant differences between the control and study groups in all assessed variables (p = 0.0001) in favor of the study group.

Conclusion
Core stability exercises may be used to improve reaching in children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy.

Trial registration
This study was authorized by the Faculty of Physical Therapy’s ethics committee under the number “REC/012/003125” and registered in ClinicalTrial.gov with the number “NCT05316090” on 9 April 2022 retrospectively.
Mitigating strength loss in mortar due to application delay: quantified impact of additional water and cement
Authors: Mahzuz H. M. A. , Hossain Imran , Lizon Nasir Uddin Ahammed , Nury Ahmad Hasan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study examines how application (i.e., “casting” another widely used term) delays affect the compressive and shear strengths of mortar in masonry constructions. It also explores the impact of adding supplementary materials like water and cement to the mortar. Mortar mixes were prepared using sand with a fineness modulus (FM) of 1.7 for plaster and 1.9 for brick binder, subjected to casting delays ranging from 0 to 4 h. Three physical conditions were utilized as follows: the 1st case—WAAW (without adding additional water); the 2nd case—AAW (adding additional water), maintaining initial mortar flow; and the 3rd case—AAWC (adding additional water and cement), maintaining initial mortar flow and initial mortar strength. In the 1st case, the fall of strength was greater than in the 2nd case. In the 3rd case, the amounts of additional cement and water were quantified to restore the initial strength of the mortar. This quantification can help avoid material loss in construction sites.
Body-weight Cycling and Risk of Diabetic Kidney Disease in People With Type 1 Diabetes in the DCCT/EDIC Population
Authors: Camoin Marion , Mohammedi Kamel , Saulnier Pierre-Jean , Hadjadj Samy , Gautier Jean-François , Riveline Jean-Pierre , Venteclef Nicolas , Potier Louis , Velho Gilberto 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Context
Intraindividual body-weight variability or cycling is associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general population.

Objective
We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT)/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) studies to assess association between body-weight cycling and the risk of renal events in type 1 diabetes.

Methods
Four indices of intraindividual body-weight variability were calculated for 1432 participants of DCCT/EDIC taking into account body-weight measurements during the DCCT follow-up (6 ± 2 years). Variability independent of the mean (VIM) was the main index. Six criteria of progression to CKD were studied during DCCT/EDIC follow-up (21 ± 4 years). Hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed in Cox analyses for 1 SD of the indices expressed as Z-score.

Results
A high VIM was significantly associated with the incidence of a 40% decline in eGFR from baseline values (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.09-1.41; P = .001), doubling of baseline serum creatinine (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.13-1.57; P = .001), CKD stage 3 (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.12-1.63; P = .002), and with a decline in eGFR &gt; 3 mL/min/m2 per year (all analyses adjusted for CKD risk factors at baseline and follow-up, and use of nephroprotective drugs). VIM was also associated with the incidence of moderately and severely increased albuminuria, but associations did not remain significant following adjustment for follow-up covariates. Similar results were observed for the other indices of body-weight cycling.

Conclusion
Body-weight cycling is significantly associated with an increased risk of kidney events in people with type 1 diabetes, regardless of body mass index and traditional risk factors.
Association of Intraoperative Occult Hypoxemia With 30-Day and 1-Year Mortality
Authors: Stannard Blaine , Burnett Garrett W. , Wax David B. , Egorova Natalia N. , Ouyang Yuxia , Pyram-Vincent Chantal , DeMaria Samuel , Levin Matthew A. 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Despite the widespread use of pulse oximetry for intraoperative estimation of arterial oxygen saturation, there is growing evidence that certain patient populations may be vulnerable to inaccurate pulse oximetry measurements and that unrecognized hypoxemia is associated with end-organ damage and adverse outcomes. In this single-center retrospective cohort study, we sought to better elucidate the relationship between intraoperative occult hypoxemia and postoperative mortality among patients undergoing anesthesia and surgery.

METHODS:
Data were collected from our departmental data warehouse for adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing anesthesia between 2008 and 2019 with at least 1 intraoperative arterial blood gas recorded. The number of occult hypoxemic events, defined as arterial oxygen saturation (Sao
2) of <88% despite oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry (Spo
2) >92%, were determined. Mortality data were obtained from the Social Security Death Master File and used to determine 30-day and 1-year postoperative mortality. Propensity score overlap-weighted Firth logistic regression and Cox proportional-hazard modeling were performed to analyze whether at least 1 occult hypoxemic event was predictive of 30-day and 1-year mortality.

RESULTS:
There were 25,234 patients and 62,707 paired readings included in the final analysis. There were 351 patients (1.4%) with at least 1 occult hypoxemic reading. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 3.3% and 1-year mortality rate was 10.2%. In the overlap-weighted models, patients who experienced at least 1 occult hypoxemic event had significantly higher odds of both 30-day mortality (odds ratio [OR] = 2.89, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46–5.72, P = .002) and 1-year mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.90, CI, 1.48–2.43, P < .001). There was no significant interaction between occult hypoxemia and self-reported race/ethnicity for predicting mortality.

CONCLUSIONS:
Intraoperative occult hypoxemic events are associated with significantly higher odds of 30-day and 1-year mortality, independent of self-reported race/ethnicity.
ANIMALS IN ADVERTISING (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Massalskaya Yuliya V. , Nikolaeva Anastasiya V. 
Published: February 2025

Background. The article is a review of material on the topic of the reasons for using animals in various kinds of advertising. The animal species are examined in the light of the emotions, stereotypes and symbols they carry with them.
The purpose is to systematize the reasons why animals are used in advertising. A related aim is to identify which animals (or their images) in advertising texts have a greater ability to attract and hold the reader’s attention and to influence them, i.e., to direct their behavior towards making a purchase.
Materials and methods. Materials of scientific articles and experiments of both domestic and foreign scientists were analyzed. The question of using animals in advertising was covered from the position of philology, psychology, culture studies, marketing. The method of discursive and stylistic analysis of the text was used in analyzing the material.
Results. The authors conclude that the reasons for using animals vary. Among them are marketing (increasing sales, saving the budget of the advertising campaign, attracting a new audience), symbolism (the animal is the embodiment of certain qualities), humanism (evoking of a humane attitude to animals), naturalism (animals are shown in their natural habitat), anthropomorphism (the animal is endowed with human characteristics). The difference between the use of domesticated and non-domesticated animals in advertising is also noted, and the animals (mainly insects) whose appearance is considered to be the most unlikely in the advertisement are listed.
Dermatological Disorders Associated with Pregnancy
Authors: Szcześniak Grzegorz , Kiełczewska Aleksandra , Kiełczewska Anna 
Published: February 2025

Introduction and purpose: Pregnancy is a remarkable and delicate period in a woman's life, marked by significant physiological adaptations to accommodate the growing fetus. These changes affect every organ system, including the skin. The aim of this review paper is to raise awareness and assist clinicians in recognizing, diagnosing, and effectively managing these distinct skin conditions associated with pregnancy.

Material and methods: An extensive examination of articles published in scientific journals was carried out through online research platforms PubMed and Google Scholar. We searched articles by entering keywords in appropriate configuration: “pregnancy dermatoses”, “pemphigoid gestationis”, “ polymorphic eruption of pregnancy”, “intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy”, “pustular psoriasis of pregnancy”, “atopic eruption of pregnancy”.
Description of the state of knowledge: This diverse set of pregnancy-related skin conditions includes pemphigoid gestationis, polymorphic eruption of pregnancy, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, atopic eruption of pregnancy, and pustular psoriasis of pregnancy.
Summary: Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to mitigate maternal and fetal complications, and in some conditions, prevent fatalities. Improving clinicians' in-depth understanding of these disease processes can enhance patient safety and quality of life during and after pregnancy.
A Natural Disaster Reshapes Prosocial Microlending
Authors: Ding Yi , Xu Haifeng , Tan Bernard C. Y. 
Published: February 2025

Research Spotlight A natural disaster may result in a situation where lenders can hardly find appropriate loans from the disaster-affected region. When faced with the mismatch between the supply and demand of microloans, lenders can either simply choose not to make any contributions or divert their prosocial intentions towards a different group of beneficiaries. Using a natural experiment based on the Ebola outbreak in Africa in 2014, our research shows that a natural disaster increases (over the short-term) the average contribution size and decreases (over the long-term) the average fundraising time per dollar for prosocial microloans by borrowers from regions closer to the affected region. In contrast, a natural disaster decreases (over the long-term) the average contribution size and increases (over the long-term) the average fundraising time per dollar for prosocial microloans by borrowers from regions farther away from the affected region. This redistribution of prosocial microlending is an unintended consequence of a natural disaster that inflicts long-term economic hardship in some regions. Policymakers and researchers should closely monitor the redistribution of prosocial microlending resulting from a natural disaster so that prompt action can be taken to alleviate potential negative consequences that may arise.
The Effects of MiFID II on Voluntary Disclosure
Authors: Kim Chongho , Park Jihwon , Sul Edward 
Published: February 2025

We examine the effect of the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID) II’s controversial unbundling provision on corporate voluntary disclosure. Although prior research has largely focused on changes in sell-side research post-MiFID II, changes in voluntary disclosure and their effects on the information environment are less known. We find that European Union (EU) firms significantly increased the propensity and frequency of management earnings guidance issuance after MiFID II enactment. This effect is more pronounced among firms experiencing a decline in the quantity of sell-side research or a reduction in the consumption and dissemination of analyst reports and is more muted among firms witnessing improvements in research quality. Furthermore, we find that post-MiFID earnings guidance by EU firms becomes more thorough and elicits stronger market reactions. Moreover, we demonstrate that the increased guidance effectively alleviates the negative liquidity effects of MiFID II. Collectively, we contribute to the ongoing debate on the efficacy of MiFID II’s unbundling provision by providing evidence that voluntary disclosure plays a key role in mitigating the unintended net negative consequences on the information environment following the regulation. This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting. Funding: Financial support from the New York University Stern School of Business, Seoul National University, the Baruch College Zicklin School of Business, and George Washington University is gratefully acknowledged. C. Kim also received financial support from the Institute of Management Research of Seoul National University. Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.00286 .
Auditing with a Chance of Whistleblowing
Authors: Nan Lin , Tang Chao , Ye Minlei 
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the impact of promoting whistleblowing on audit quality and the efficiency of detecting misstatements. On the one hand, whistleblowing alerts the enforcer to the possibility of a misstatement and intensifies the regulatory effort, thereby incentivizing the auditor to improve audit quality. On the other hand, promoting whistleblowing reduces the enforcer’s investigative effort when there is no whistleblowing allegation, which in turn dampens the auditor’s incentive to enhance audit quality. We demonstrate that, under certain conditions, encouraging more whistleblowing can impair audit quality and reduce detection efficiency. We also examine the socially optimal whistleblowing program, and our analysis implies that the optimal whistleblowing intensity is increasing in investment cost and the quality of the whistleblower’s information. This paper was accepted by Ranjani Krishnan, accounting. Funding: C. Tang acknowledges financial support from the Hong Kong Research Grant Council [Project 16503921]. M. Ye thanks the Canadian Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council for funding support [Grant 435-2022-0093]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2024.04808 .
Primary lymphoma arising in Paget’s disease in a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: De La Fuente Mercedes , Arroyo Marina , Collado Ana S. , Gallardo Elena C. , Montes Santiago , Olmos Jose M. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) is characterized by a disturbance of the balance between bone formation and bone resorption at one or more bone sites. Its neoplastic transformation to osteosarcoma of the bone has been widely cited in the literature; however, association with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is very uncommon. In addition, whereas the pathophysiological relationship between PDB and secondary hyperparathyroidism is well established, there is much debate about the association between PDB and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Case Report: We present a case of NHL arising in pagetoid bone in a 56-year-old man, who was subsequently diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Discussion: The malignant potential of pagetoid bone is well known, with sarcomatous degeneration being the most common neoplasm. Therefore, when pain recurred in our patient, 3 years after treatment of PDB, the presumptive diagnosis was a sarcomatous degeneration of the pagetoid bone. However, bone biopsy revealed a primary lymphoma, an extremely rare association that has been described only in a few cases. In addition, PHPT is rarely associated with PDB, although a link between PHPT and an increased risk of malignancy has been suggested. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of these three different bone diseases in the same patient. Further studies are needed to understand the possible molecular basis of the association among these diseases.