bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scalable Quantum Spin Networks from Unitary Construction
Authors: Alsulami Abdulsalam H. , D'Amico Irene , Estarellas Marta P. , Spiller Timothy P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSpin network (SN) systems can be used to achieve quantum state transfer with high fidelity and to generate entanglement. A new approach to design spin‐chain‐based spin network systems, for short‐range quantum information processing and phase‐sensing, has been proposed recently in Advanced Quantum Technologies. In this paper, the scalability of such systems is investigated, by designing larger SN systems that can be used for longer‐range quantum information tasks, such as connecting together quantum processors. Furthermore, more complex SN designs, which can produce different types of entangled states, are presented. Simulations of disorder effects show that even such larger SN systems are robust against realistic levels of disorder.
Follicle development and its prediction in patients with primary ovarian insufficiency: Possible treatments and markers to maximize the ability to conceive with residual follicles
Authors: Osuka Satoko , Kasahara Yukiyo , Iyoshi Shohei , Sonehara Reina , Myake Natsuki , Muraoka Ayako , Nakamura Tomoko , Iwase Akira , Kajiyama Hiroaki 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrimary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is characterized by the development of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism before 40 years of age and leads to intractable infertility. Although in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer with donated eggs enables pregnancy, not a few patients desire pregnancy using their oocytes. However, follicular development is rare and unpredictable in patients with POI. Thus, there is a need for treatments that promote the development of residual follicles and methods to accurately predict infrequent ovulation.MethodsThis review discusses the effects of various treatments for obtaining eggs from POI patients. Furthermore, this study focused a potential marker for predicting follicular growth in patients with POI.Main FindingsDifferent treatments such as hormone‐replacement therapy, dehydroepiandrosterone supplementation, platelet‐rich plasma injection, and in vitro activation have shown varying degrees of effectiveness in retrieving oocytes from patients with POI. To predict follicle development in the cycle, elevated serum estradiol and reduced follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) levels are important. However, these markers are not always reliable under continuous estradiol‐replacement therapy. As a novel marker for predicting follicle growth, serum anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, measured using the picoAMH enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, were found to predict follicle growth in patients and the cycle.ConclusionThis review highlights the challenges and available interventions for achieving pregnancy using a patient's oocytes in cases of POI. We believe that a combination of currently available treatments and prediction methods is the best strategy to enable patients with POI to conceive using their own eggs. Although AMH levels may predict follicle growth, further research is necessary to improve the chances of successful follicular development and conception in patients with POI.
Distributed cooperative control for power sharing of DC distribution network with event‐triggered communication mechanism
Authors: Jing Guoxiu , Huang Bonan , Sun Jiayue , Xie Xiangpeng , Sun Qiuye 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper develops an effective distributed cooperative control approach with an event‐triggered communication mechanism (ETCM) for the active DC distribution network (DDN) system. Its control objective is to address the issues of voltage synchronization and power sharing among distributed renewable energy (DRE) while minimizing the utilization of communication resources. Firstly, a distribution network system model based on DC‐DC converters (DDCs) is established, and each DRE is regarded as a heterogeneous multi‐agent system (HMAS). Then, the distributed cooperative control problem of DREs is transformed into a cooperative output regulation (COR) problem with HMASs, which serves as an important foundation for controller strategy design. Secondly, considering different load demands in DDN system and the voltage of DC bus may deviate from its nominal value. Meanwhile, with the purpose of the proportional power sharing among DREs, this work proposes a distributed cooperative control approach under undirected communication topology, and designs a distributed observer based on dynamic ETCM while excluding Zeno behavior. In addition, the proposed control method can converge with a relatively fast speed, which improves the dynamic performance of the DDN system. Compared with the continuous time feedback control in DDN system, the proposed approach only needs the information of DRE itself and its neighboring DREs to accomplish the control objective, which further decreases the utilization of communication resources and reduces the update frequency of the controllers and switching loss of the DDCs. Finally, different simulation and experimental results are carried out to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Viscous Loading Regulates the Flagellar Energetics of Human and Bull Sperm
Authors: Yazdan Parast Farin , Veeraragavan Shibani , Gaikwad Avinash S. , Powar Sushant , Prabhakar Ranganathan , O'Bryan Moira K. , Nosrati Reza 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe viscoelastic properties of the female reproductive tract influence sperm swimming behavior, but the exact role of these rheological changes in regulating sperm energetics remains unknown. Using high‐speed dark‐field microscopy, the flagellar dynamics of free‐swimming sperm across a physiologically relevant range of viscosities is resolved. A transition from 3D to 2D slither swimming under an increased viscous loading is revealed, in the absence of any geometrical or chemical stimuli. This transition is species‐specific, aligning with viscosity variations within each species’ reproductive tract. Despite substantial drag increase, 2D slithering sperm maintain a steady swimming speed across a wide viscosity range (20–250 and 75–1000 mPa s for bull and human sperm) by dissipating over sixfold more energy into the fluid without elevating metabolic activity, potentially by altering the mechanisms of dynein motor activity. This energy‐efficient motility mode is ideally suited for the viscous environment of the female reproductive tract.
Influence of slab structure on the behavioral analysis of hybrid outrigger system
Authors: John Neethu Elizabeth , Kamath Kiran 
Published: December 2023

SummaryOutriggers are internal structural systems used to enhance the stiffness and strength of high‐rise structures. This research investigates the efficacy of a hybrid outrigger system (HOS) which consists of one conventional and one virtual outrigger at two distinct floor levels in high‐rise RCC buildings. A non‐dimensional quantity, ϒ, defined as the relative stiffness ratio between the core and the diaphragm is used to describe variations in the stiffness of the building's core, stiffness of floor diaphragm, breadth, and height of the structure, in the behavioral analysis of the HOS. To investigate the efficacy and optimum locations of the hybrid outriggers, static and dynamic analysis are carried out on models with four‐story heights of 140, 210, 280, and 350 m under static wind loading, uniform wind loading, equivalent static earthquake loading, and dynamic earthquake loading. Results are assessed based on the responses from roof displacement (Disptop), base bending moment, roof acceleration (Acctop), fundamental period, and absolute maximum inter‐story drift ratio (ISDabs.max). Based on the minimum responses of the aforementioned dependent parameters under wind and earthquake excitations, the corresponding optimum locations of hybrid outriggers are investigated. To investigate the impact of the slab on the functionality of the HOS, the behavior of shell stress variation in the tension and compression side of the slab at the outrigger floor level and the force transmission through the column at the outrigger level is analyzed. Also, the optimum location of the hybrid outriggers based on the ideal performance index (IdealPI) is investigated. IdealPIis defined as a parameter that considers the combined response of Disptop, Acctop, and ISDabs.maxand the criteria required for the structure under wind and seismic loads. From the behavioral analysis results, it is found that an increase in the stiffness of the slab showed an improved performance of the HOS compared to an increase in the stiffness of the core, and HOS performance can be maximized by increasing both thickness of the slab and outrigger arm length. The findings of the optimum location analysis could serve as a guide for structural engineers when selecting suitable positions for hybrid outriggers in high‐rise structures.
Air quality in Kuwait urban areas
Authors: Matar Hamad B. , Al‐Otaibi Fahad A. , Almutairi Saad K. , Alhubail Jamal A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAir pollution is a serious issue that has an impact on human health all over the world. Improving air quality is a main part of environmental sustainability, and it begins with identifying contaminants and their sources. This paper examines air quality in urban areas and the background levels of pollutants in Kuwait by analyzing pollutant data from a number of fixed monitoring stations managed by the Environment Public Authority in the State of Kuwait. The concentrations of SO2, CO, O3, NO, and PM10 were measured at several sites in Kuwait. This study examines time series and wind rose plots for temporal and spatial variation, and pollutant sources. The results of this study show different variation patterns for SO2, which could be linked to traffic levels. There were similar daily profiles for CO, NO, and O3 at all the sites. Most of these pollutants exceeded the limits set by air quality standards.
Spatial and Temporal Characterization of Landslide Deformation Pattern with Sentinel-1
Authors: Poggi Francesco , Montalti Roberto , Intrieri Emanuele , Ferretti Alessandro , Catani Filippo , Raspini Federico 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe results of multi-interferometric processing applied to radar images acquired by the European Space Agency (ESA) Sentinel-1 constellation, obtained in the framework of the IPL (International Programme on Landslides) project n.221, are presented in this manuscript. The target area is the Hunza-Nagar River valley, a remote area in northern Pakistan. The Humarri slide, a massive landslide located along the left side of the valley, is the most active phenomenon in the area, and poses a very high risk to the Humarri village built in the lowest part of the landslide, and a threat of damming the Hispar River. The highest deformation rates (with peaks higher than 300 mm/yr) were recorded in the middle and low part of the landslide. Where the Humarri village is located, the velocity values are lower and range between −30 and −80 mm/yr. The analysis of displacement time series, spanning from February 2017 to January 2020, reveal different deformation behaviors and different onset of accelerating behaviors within the landslide body. The global coverage, the wide-area mapping capabilities, and the regular acquisitions planning ensured by the Sentinel-1 constellation, coupled with InSAR ability to deliver very precise and spatially dense information, make it possible to scan wide areas and spot unstable zones, especially where remoteness, vast areal extension, and climatic conditions make it difficult to undertake field activities.
Scalar QNM spectra of Kerr and Reissner-Nordström revealed by eigenvalue repulsions in Kerr-Newman
Authors: Davey Alex , Dias Óscar J. C. , Santos Jorge E. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Recent studies of the gravito-electromagnetic frequency spectra of Kerr-Newman (KN) black holes have revealed two families of quasinormal modes (QNMs), namely photon sphere modes and near-horizon modes. However, they can only be unambiguously distinguished in the Reissner-Nordström (RN) limit, due to a phenomenon called eigenvalue repulsion (also known as level repulsion, avoided crossing or the Wigner-Teller effect), whereby the two families can interact strongly near extremality. We find that these features are also present in the QNM spectra of a scalar field in KN, where the perturbation modes are described by ODEs and thus easier to explore. Starting from the RN limit, we study how the scalar QNM spectra of KN dramatically changes as we vary the ratio of charge to angular momentum, all the way until the Kerr limit, while staying at a fixed distance from extremality. This scalar field case clarifies the (so far puzzling) relationship between the QNM spectra of RN and Kerr black holes and the nature of the eigenvalue repulsions in KN, that ultimately settle the fate of the QNM spectra in Kerr. We study not just the slowest-decaying QNMs (both for ℓ = m = 0 and ℓ = m = 2), but several sub-dominant overtones as well, as these turn out to play a crucial role understanding the KN QNM spectra. We also give a new high-order WKB expansion of KN QNMs that typically describes the photon sphere modes beyond the eikonal limit, and use a matched asymptotic expansion to get a very good approximation of the near-horizon modes near extremality.
P − v criticalities, phase transitions and geometrothermodynamics of charged AdS black holes from Kaniadakis statistics
Authors: Luciano G. G. , Saridakis E. N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Boltzmann entropy-based thermodynamics of charged anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes has been shown to exhibit physically interesting features, such as P − V criticalities and van der Waals-like phase transitions. In this work we extend the study of these critical phenomena to Kaniadakis theory, which is a non-extensive generalization of the classical statistical mechanics incorporating relativity. By applying the typical framework of condensed-matter physics, we analyze the impact of Kaniadakis entropy onto the equation of state, the Gibbs free energy and the critical exponents of AdS black holes in the extended phase space. Additionally, we investigate the underlying micro-structure of black holes in Ruppeiner geometry, which reveals appreciable deviations of the nature of the particle interactions from the standard behavior. Our analysis opens up new perspectives on the understanding of black hole thermodynamics in a relativistic statistical framework, highlighting the role of non-extensive corrections in the AdS black holes/van der Waals fluids dual picture.
Supersymmetric localization of (higher-spin) JT gravity: a bulk perspective
Authors: Griguolo Luca , Guerrini Luigi , Panerai Rodolfo , Papalini Jacopo , Seminara Domenico 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We study two-dimensional Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity on the disk topology by using a BF gauge theory in the presence of a boundary term. The system can be equivalently written in a supersymmetric way by introducing auxiliary gauginos and scalars with suitable boundary conditions on the hemisphere. We compute the exact partition function thanks to supersymmetric localization and we recover the result obtained from the Schwarzian theory by accurately identifying the physical scales. The calculation is then easily extended to the higher-spin generalization of Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity, finding perfect agreement with previous results. We argue that our procedure can also be applied to boundary-anchored Wilson lines correlators.
The ad-libitum taste test as measure of momentary alcohol use in the laboratory: an investigation of construct validity and confounding factors
Authors: Trautmann Sebastian , Kräplin Anja , Muehlhan Markus , Fuchs Fée Ona , Loesch Beate , Wittgens Charlotte 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Rationale
The ad-libitum taste test is a widely used covert measure of motivation to consume alcohol in the laboratory. However, studies on its construct validity and potential confounding factors are scarce.

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the construct validity of the ad-libitum taste test by examining the association of ad-libitum alcohol consumption with typical alcohol use and craving, and investigating potential moderation by trait anxiety, depressiveness, current mood, and drinking motives.

Methods
A sample of 264 young male individuals were offered two 0.33 l glasses of beer. Participants were instructed to rate the characteristics of each drink, while the percentage of beverages containing alcohol consumed was assessed. Associations of ad-libitum consumption with typical alcohol use and craving were assessed using non-parametric and piecewise regressions. Moreover, moderator analysis with trait anxiety, depressiveness, current mood, and drinking motives was carried out.

Results
Ad-libitum alcohol consumption was associated with typical alcohol use and alcohol craving. However, these associations decreased at high consumption levels. Associations between ad-libitum consumption, typical alcohol use, and craving were stable across several conditions, except that the association between ad-libitum consumption and craving increased with higher social, conformity, and coping drinking motives.

Conclusions
The ad-libitum taste test appears to be a valid measure of the motivation to drink alcohol in laboratory studies in young male adults, although this validity might be compromised at high levels of ad-libitum consumption. Consideration of these factors can contribute to further refining the ad-libitum taste test as a valuable tool for assessing motivation to consume alcohol in laboratory studies.
Determination of technology-critical elements in seafood reference materials by inductively coupled plasma-tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Wippermann Dominik , Zonderman Alexa , Zimmermann Tristan , Pröfrock Daniel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe certified reference materials (CRMs) BCR-668 (mussel tissue), NCS ZC73034 (prawn), NIST SRM 1566a (oyster tissue) and NIST SRM 2976 (mussel tissue) were analyzed for their mass fractions of 23 elements using inductively coupled plasma tandem-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS). This study focused on the quantification of selected technology-critical elements (TCEs), specifically rare earth elements (REE) and the less studied TCEs Ga, Ge, Nb, In and Ta. Microwave assisted closed vessel digestion using an acid mixture of HNO3, HCl and H2O2 was applied to varying sample masses and two different microwave systems. Recoveries of 76% (Gd, NCS ZC73034) to 129% (Lu, BCR-668) were obtained for the REE and 83% (Ge, NCS ZC73034) to 127% (Nb, NCS ZC73034) for the less studied TCEs across all analyzed CRMs (compared to certified values) using the best-performing parameters. Mass fractions for all analyzed, non-certified elements are suggested and given with a combined uncertainty U (k = 2), including mass fractions for Ga (11 µg kg-1 ± 9 µg kg-1 to 67 µg kg-1 ± 8 µg kg-1) and In (0.4 µg kg-1 ± 0.3 µg kg-1 to 0.8 µg kg-1 ± 0.7 µg kg-1). This study provides mass fractions of possible new emerging contaminants and addresses the relevant challenges in quantification of less studied TCEs, thus allowing the application of existing CRMs for method validation in studies dealing with the determination of TCEs in seafood or other biota.
Graphical abstract
Efficient lipidomic approach for the discovery of lipid ligands for immune receptors by combining LC-HRMS/MS analysis with fractionation and reporter cell assay
Authors: Tomiyasu Noriyuki , Takahashi Masatomo , Toyonaga Kenji , Yamasaki Sho , Bamba Takeshi , Izumi Yoshihiro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractC-type lectin receptors (CLRs), which are pattern recognition receptors responsible for triggering innate immune responses, recognize damaged self-components and immunostimulatory lipids from pathogenic bacteria; however, several of their ligands remain unknown. Here, we propose a new analytical platform combining liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry with microfractionation capability (LC-FRC-HRMS/MS) and a reporter cell assay for sensitive activity measurements to develop an efficient methodology for searching for lipid ligands of CLR from microbial trace samples (crude cell extracts of approximately 5 mg dry cell/mL). We also developed an in-house lipidomic library containing accurate mass and fragmentation patterns of more than 10,000 lipid molecules predicted in silico for 90 lipid subclasses and 35 acyl side chain fatty acids. Using the developed LC-FRC-HRMS/MS system, the lipid extracts of Helicobacter pylori were separated and fractionated, and HRMS and HRMS/MS spectra were obtained simultaneously. The fractionated lipid extract samples in 96-well plates were thereafter subjected to reporter cell assays using nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)-green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter cells expressing mouse or human macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle). A total of 102 lipid molecules from all fractions were annotated using an in-house lipidomic library. Furthermore, a fraction that exhibited significant activity in the NFAT-GFP reporter cell assay contained α-cholesteryl glucoside, a type of glycolipid, which was successfully identified as a lipid ligand molecule for Mincle. Our analytical platform has the potential to be a useful tool for efficient discovery of lipid ligands for immunoreceptors.
Graphical Abstract
rTMS over the human medial parietal cortex impairs online reaching corrections
Authors: Breveglieri Rossella , Borgomaneri Sara , Bosco Annalisa , Filippini Matteo , De Vitis Marina , Tessari Alessia , Avenanti Alessio , Galletti Claudio , Fattori Patrizia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIndirect correlational evidence suggests that the posteromedial sector of the human parietal cortex (area hV6A) is involved in reaching corrections. We interfered with hV6A functions using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) while healthy participants performed reaching movements and in-flight adjustments of the hand trajectory in presence of unexpected target shifts. rTMS over hV6A specifically altered action reprogramming, causing deviations of the shifted trajectories, particularly along the vertical dimension (i.e., distance). This study provides evidence of the functional relevance of hV6A in action reprogramming while a sudden event requires a change in performance and shows that hV6A also plays a role in state estimation during reaching. These findings are in line with neurological data showing impairments in actions performed along the distance dimension when lesions occur in the dorsal posterior parietal cortex.