bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASPECTS DU "SACERDOCE" EN SYRIE ANCIENNE: REMARQUES METHODOLOGIQUES ET EXAMEN D'UN CAS PARTICULIER
Authors: Xella Paolo 
Published: November 2002

AbstractA historico-religious study focusing on "priesthood" and "priest" has to face many difficulties, in terms of terminology and of content. On the one hand, it is methodologically incorrect to link "priesthood" to debated modern concepts such as "religion" or "cult" which, like the former, need to be (even conventionally) defined each time for every particular culture, and not to be assumed as universal keys of historical understanding. On the other hand, previous studies on the topic - where the aim has been to determine latent forms and/or particular manifestations of "priesthood" in other cultures and also to write a "general history" of this phenomenon - exhibit the total historical irrelevance of such an approach, based only on our modern (Christian) concept of "priest(hood)." In order to limit ethnocentrism and, at the same time, to employ useful conceptual categories, new heuristic parameters must be found. In addition to the criterion indicated by J. Rüpke (the religious specialist as a control-agent within the framework of symbolic systems), I propose to distinguish between professional specialisation and practical (cultic) function. The case study I present here to illustrate some aspects and problems of this research is that of ancient Syrian (Ugaritic) culture, where "priests" in our meaning are difficult to be found, whereas a fully new concept emerges if we look at the issue from a functional (and "emic") perspective.
The lubricating ability of biomembrane models with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine and γ-globulin
Authors: Higaki H , Murakami T , Nakanishi Y , Miura H , Mawatari T , Iwamoto Y 
Published: November 2002

Two kinds of friction tests were conducted to investigate the lubricating effect of the injection of amphiphilies on the osteoarthritic joint. The effects of the addition of Lα-dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (Lα-DPPC) riposomes and γ-globulin in a saline solution of sodium hyaluronate (HA) were evaluated through pendulum friction tests. The frictional characteristics of pig shoulder joints were confirmed to depend on the viscosity of the lubricants only in the physiologically low load condition and in the condition immediately after loading. Detergent (polyoxyethylene p-t-octylphenyl ether) was successfully used to remove adsorbed films from the articular surfaces. The friction coefficient of natural synovial joints was significantly increased in a mode of mixed lubrication with the HA solution of 0.2 g/dl by the treatment of the surface with the detergent. The addition of Lα-DPPC riposomes or y-globulin significantly improved the boundary lubricating ability of the articular surfaces treated with the detergent, depending on the quantity of those additives. It appears that the Lα-DPPC riposomes and γ-globulin can form protective films on the articular surfaces like a biomembrane. Moreover, the reciprocating frictional behaviour in sliding pairs of pig articular cartilages and glass plates was studied in order to elucidate the tribological role of those constituents in the boundary lubricating film on the articular surface. Pig synovial fluid and water solutions of HA were used as lubricants. The synovial fluid had superior lubricating ability compared to the HA solution of equivalent viscosity under a physiologically high load condition. This fact seems to be responsible for the boundary lubricating ability of constituents other than hyaluronic acid. Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of Lα-DPPC on the glass plate were kept at a low and stable friction coefficient, depending on the number of film layers. In conditions of mixed films with Lα-DPPC and γ-globulin, the frictional behaviour was improved by increasing the quantity of γ-globulin. A model is proposed in which the effective adsorbed films are composed of proteins, phospholipids and other conjugated constituents on the articular surfaces to be accurate in describing the boundary lubricating mechanism. The mechanism is controlled by hydrophobic groups in those amphiphilies.
The design of an optimized portable artificial kidney system using recirculation and regeneration of dialysate
Authors: Bigsby R J A , Rider R J , Blount G N 
Published: November 2002

This paper is intended as an overview of the research carried out at Coventry University in the design of a portable artificial kidney system. It was seen that the key to the problem was the reduction in dialysate volume, and so it was decided to develop a prototype that would utilize the regeneration and recirculation of a small volume of dialysate. A prototype system has been produced and used to simulate a dialysis session. Activated carbon was used as a sorbent for the regeneration of the dialysate, circulating in a closed loop. For the purpose of this work, the adsorption of urea was investigated as this is, volumetrically, the major solute to be removed. Peltier effect cooling was used to vary the dialysate temperature down to 2 °C, as activated carbon will adsorb greater amounts of urea at lower temperatures. A series of tests was then carried out to investigate the effect of dialysate temperature, flowrate and volume on the amount of urea that could be dialysed. From the experimental results, a model of the system was derived, which made it possible to determine the implications of different operating conditions on the overall mass and size of a portable dialysis system. The output of this model was then used to establish a design specification and produce an optimum design solution for the system.
The role of acetabular component screw holes and/or screws in the development of pelvic osteolysis
Authors: Schmalzried T P , Brown I C , Amstutz H C , Engh C A , Harris W H 
Published: November 2002

Anecdotal reporting of osteolysis around cementless modular acetabular components with holes through the metal shell and/or iliac fixation screws has raised concern that such designs may generate excessive particulate debris and/or permit direct access of particulate debris to iliac bone. To address this issue, incidence data are reported on 513 total hip replacements from six different single-surgeon series of total hip arthroplasties performed with six different porous ingrowth acetabular components. With follow-up ranging from 40 to 108 months, a total of 45 pelvic osteolytic lesions were observed (8.8 per cent). Pelvic osteolysis was seen nearly as frequently in the ischium and pubis (21 lesions) as it was in the ilium (24 lesions). It was not possible to explain ischial and pubic osteolysis by holes and/or screws through the acetabular component shell. There was no direct correlation between the presence of screw holes or screws and the incidence of pelvic osteolysis. The incidence of pelvic osteolysis around modular components with holes through the shell was 4.5 per cent (14 of 313 hips). The incidence of pelvic osteolysis with solid-shell components was 15.5 per cent (31 of 200). The incidence of pelvic osteolysis around acetabular reconstructions with screws was 2.3 per cent (3 of 133). The incidence of pelvic osteolysis in reconstructions without screws was 11.1 per cent (32 of 380). The incidence of pelvic osteolysis in one-piece acetabular components (polyethylene pre-fixed in the metal shell) was 12.7 per cent (21 of 165) and the incidence of pelvic osteolysis with the modular components was 6.9 per cent (24 of 348). In each comparison, the incidence of pelvic osteolysis was actually lower in the group assumed to be at increased risk. Based on this review there does not appear to be a direct relationship between holes and/or screws through an acetabular component and the development of pelvic osteolysis. The incidence of pelvic osteolysis was associated with larger head diameters and longer follow-up. While screw holes may provide an access channel in specific cases, the present data indicate that the simple elimination of holes through the acetabular shell will not eliminate pelvic osteolysis. Regardless of other acetabular component design features, joint fluid and polyethylene wear particles from the femoral-acetabular articulation can gain access to bone behind an acetabular component via the peripheral implant-bone interface through regions without sufficient contact or tissue ingrowth. The development of pelvic osteolysis is multifactorial and includes the total volumetric wear of polyethylene as well as specific features of the acetabular component design and reconstruction technique.
A randomized integral error criterion for parametric identification of dynamic models of mechanical systems
Authors: Best M C , Gordon T J 
Published: November 2002

This paper proposes a new approach to the identification of reduced order models for complex mechanical vibration systems. Parametric identification is commonly conducted by the regression of time-series data, but when this includes significant unmodelled modes, the error process has a high variance and autocorrelation. In such cases, optimization using least-squares methods can lead to excessive parameter bias. The proposed method takes advantage of the inherent boundedness of mechanical vibrations to design a new regression set with dramatically reduced error variance. The principle is first demonstrated using a simple two-mass simulation model, and from this a practicable approach is derived. Extensive investigation of the new randomized integral error criterion method is then conducted using the example of identification of a quarter-car suspension system. Simulation results are contrasted with those from comparable direct least-squares identifications. Several forms of the identification equations and error sources are used, and in all cases the new method has clear advantages, both in accuracy and consistency of the resulting identification model.
(Salen)ruthenium-Catalyzed Desymmetrization of Meso-Diols: Catalytic Aerobic Asymmetric Oxidation under Photo-Irradiation
Authors: Shimizu Hideki , Nakata Kenya , Katsuki Tsutomu 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
Catalytic aerobic oxidation of meso-diols using (nitrosyl)Ru(salen) 7 as the catalyst under photo-irradiation proceeded with moderate enantioselectivity (up to 67% ee) to give the corresponding lactols.
AgOAc-Catalyzed Aldehyde Allylation Using Allyldimethyl(2-pyridyl)silane
Authors: Itami Kenichiro , Kamei Toshiyuki , Mineno Masahiro , Yoshida Jun-ichi 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
Silver salts having relatively strong Ag–O bond were found to promote the allylation of aldehydes with allyldimethyl(2-pyridyl)silane. Catalytic allylation is also possible when AgOAc was employed. A novel cooperative activation of allyl(2-pyridyl)silane has been implicated from several control experiments.
Electroplating of Nanostructured Nickel in Emulsion of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide in Electrolyte Solution
Authors: Yoshida Hideo , Sone Masato , Mizushima Aya , Abe Kentaro , Tao Xu Tang , Ichihara Shoji , Miyata Seizo 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
We report electroplating in emulsion of supercritical carbon dioxide and electrolyte solution for the first time. Compared to conventional electroplating, this technology has advantages in covering, leveling and throwing effects on plating. Moreover the particle sizes of plated nickel are sub-100 nm.
Synthesis of Thermally Stable Cs-Doped Alumina Nanoparticles by Microemulsion Method
Authors: You Zhixiong , Balint Ioan , Aika Ken-ichi 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
Cs-doped alumina nanoparticles were synthesized by microemulsion method and then characterized. Cs-doping greatly improved aluminas thermal stability. For an optimum molar ratio of Cs/Al = 1/11 the structure of γ-alumina can be preserved even at temperatures as high as 1330 °C.
Preparation of a Hollow Microsphere Composed of Porous Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Wall in a W/O Microemulsion System
Authors: Mishima Shozi , Kawamura Morinobu , Matsukawa Shohei , Nakajima Tsuyoshi 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
Hollow microspheres composed of organic-inorganic hybrid wall (polyorganosiloxane) have been synthesized as a new material in a W/O emulsion system from organosilanes. The average diameter of spheres for a typical run is 1.8 μm (standard deviation = 0.84) with a large spherical cavity in them and thermally stable at least up to 400 °C in air. The polyorganosiloxane wall is amorphous and becomes porous by treating at around 400 °C in air.
Sulphidization of Metal Oxides by Means of Mechanochemical Solid Reaction
Authors: Zhang Qiwu , Wang Jun , Saito Fumio , Okura Takahiko , Nakamura Isao 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
Co-grinding nonferrous metal oxides and sulphur together with iron/aluminium metal stimulates a solid-state reaction to form the nonferrous metal sulphides and iron/aluminium oxide, allowing the use of the current mineral processing technologies to recover metals from various kinds of wastes.
A Unique Double Strand Consisting of Siloxane-Type Macrocycles
Authors: Jung Ok-Sang , Lee Young-A , Kim Yun Ju 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
Reaction of AgCF3SO3 with 1,5-bis(3-pyridyl)hexamethyltrisiloxane produces a unique double strand consisting of siloxane macrocycles that is sustained by both the π–π stackings of pyridine rings and the strong Ag(I)–Ag(I) interactions.
Convenient Synthesis of the Main Dehydrohexapeptide Skeleton Constituting a Macrocyclic Antibiotic, Berninamycin A
Authors: Saito Hirohumi , Yamada Takahiro , Okumura Kazuo , Yonezawa Yasuchika , Shin Chung-gi 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
The first convenient synthesis of the main dehydrohexapeptide segment of a macrocyclic antibiotic, berninamycin A, containing a 3-hydroxy-l-valine residue and having three vinyl groups and a 1-propenyl group, was accomplished.
Environmentally Benign and Stereoselective Construction of 2-Deoxy and 2,6-Dideoxy-β-glycosidic Linkages Employing 2-Deoxy and 2,6-Dideoxyglycosyl Phosphites and Montmorillonite K-10
Authors: Nagai Hideyuki , Matsumura Shuichi , Toshima Kazunobu 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
The β-stereoselective glycosidations of 2-deoxy- and 2,6-dideoxyglycosyl diethyl phosphites with alcohols using a heterogeneous and environmentally benign solid acid, montmorillonite K-10, have been developed.
Photodimerization of Anthracene Having Dendritic Substituent within the Vaterite Crystal of CaCO3
Authors: Takaguchi Yutaka , Yanagimoto Yasushi , Tajima Tomoyuki , Ohta Kazuchika , Motoyoshiya Jiro , Aoyama Hiromu 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
Crystallization of CaCO3 in the presence of poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendron containing an anthryl group at the focal point and carboxylate groups at the external surface resulted in the formation of spherical vaterite crystals. Furthermore, photodimerization reaction of anthracene unit proceeded within the vaterite crystals upon irradiation.
Alkylation-Acylation of Aromatics with γ-Butyrolactone Catalyzed by Heteropolyacids Supported on Silica
Authors: Mao Jianxin , Nakajo Tetsuo , Okuhara Toshio 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
Silica-supported H4SiW12O40 catalyzed efficiently alkylation/acylation of 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene or p-xylene with γ-butyrolactone to 4-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) butyric acid or to dimethyl-α-tetralone (5,8-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-naphtalen-1-one), while other typical solid acids such as zeolites and SiO2-Al2O3 were much less active.
Continuous Production of Synthesis Gas at Ambient Temperature from Steam Reforming of Methane with Nonthermal Plasma
Authors: Kabashima Hajime , Futamura Shigeru 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
Nonthermal plasma steam reforming of methane was carried out with two different types of reactors such as ferroelectric packed-bed (FPR) and silent discharge (SDR) in a flow reaction system. The yields of hydrogen and carbon monoxide were much higher with FPR than with SDR under the same conditions. FPR could be operated continuously for 10 h without any decrease in the yields of hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
Complexation of 4,4′-Dipyridyl Derivatives Changed the Orientations of Metalloporphyrins Linked to the Cyclic Peptide Gramicidin S
Authors: Arai Toru , Araki Koji , Fukuma Kengo , Nakashima Takaaki , Kato Tamaki , Nishino Norikazu 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
Pairs of Zn and Co(III) porphyrins linked to the natural cyclic β-sheet peptide, Gramicidin S, formed stable host-guest complexes with the 4,4′-dipyridyl derivatives in dichloromethane, in which the Cotton effects reflected the orientational changes of the metalloporphyrins upon the complexations.
Asymmetric 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Nitrile Oxides Generated in situ by Direct Oxidation of Aldoximes
Authors: Tsuji Masamichi , Ukaji Yutaka , Inomata Katsuhiko 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
The asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrile oxides, generated in situ from aldoximes by direct oxidation with tert-butyl hypochlorite, to 2-propen-1-ol was achieved by utilizing diisopropyl (R,R)-tartrate as a chiral auxiliary to afford the corresponding (R)-2-isoxazolines with high enantioselectivity up to 96% ee.
A New Nucleophilic Catalyst for Kinetic Resolution of Racemic sec-Alcohols
Authors: Jeong Kyu-Sung , Kim Soong-Hyun , Park Hyun-Jin , Chang Kyoung-Jin , Kim Kwan Soo 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
A new tertiary amine-based nucleophilic catalyst, derived from a simple combination of commercially available compounds, affords good to excellent kinetic resolution of racemic sec-alcohols.
Selective Hydrogenation of Aromatic Compounds Containing Epoxy Group over Rh/Graphite
Authors: Hara Yoshinori , Inagaki Hiroko 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
Catalytic hydrogenation of aromatic compounds containing epoxy group to alicylic compounds has been investigated. Rh supported on graphite with high surface area exhibited superior performance to other supported catalysts for the selective reduction of the aromatic group while retaining epoxy group.
The First Organically Templated Layered Cerium Phosphate-Hydrogen Sulfate: [enH2]0.5[CeIII(PO4)(HSO4)(OH2)]
Authors: Wang Dan , Yu Ranbo , Xu Yaohua , Feng Shouhua , Xu Ruren , Kumada Nobuhiro , Kinomura Nobukazu , Matsumura Yasuyuki , Takano Mikio 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
A novel organically templated layered cerium phosphate-hydrogen sulfate [enH2]0.5[CeIII(PO4)(HSO4)(OH2)] has been hydrothermally synthesized. The product was further characterized by means of single-crystal and powder X-ray diffractions, TG-DTA, CHN elemental analysis, SEM, and IR. Its unique layered structure possesses cerium-centered polyhedral CeO9 as a new basic building unit. The diprotonated ethylenediamine cations contact adjacent layers via hydrogen bonds to compensate the charge of the inorganic framework.
Microscope and DSC Study of Polymorphism of 1,1′-(1,12-Dodecanediyl)bisthymine
Authors: Itahara Toshio , Kanda Junpei , Ikeda Shuji , Ueda Takehiko 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
1,1′-(1,12-Dodecanediyl)bisthymine exhibited two distinct types of crystals. One of them was spontaneously transformed into the other under heat treatment. This phenomenon was monitored by DSC and observed under polarizing microscope.
Synthesis of Hexakis(alkylgermasesquioxane)s from Alkyl(chloro)ethoxygermanes and Their Formation Mechanism
Authors: Nanjo Masato , Sasage Takaomi , Mochida Kunio 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
Alkyl(chloro)ethoxygermanes were hydrolyzed with water to give 1,3,5-trialkyl-1,3,5-trichlorocyclotrigermoxanes. Hydrolysis of 1,3,5-trichlorocyclotrigermoxanes gave 5,7-dichloro-1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaalkyltricyclo[7.3.1.13,7]hexagermoxanes. The tricylic anti-form ladder hexagermoxanes reacted with water to afford hexakis(alkylgermasesquioxane)s. These cage and ladder germoxanes were identified by spectrospcopic and X-ray diffraction methods.
Benzylation of Carboxylic Acids by Oxidation-Reduction Condensation Using Quinones and Benzyloxydiphenylphosphine
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Shintou Taichi , Kikuchi Wataru 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
Various carboxylic benzyl esters were obtained in high yields by way of oxidation-reduction condensation in which benzyloxydiphenylphosphine (BDPP), having been prepared easily from chlorodiphenylphosphine and benzyl alcohol, was treated with various carboxylic acids in the presence of 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone(DMBQ) under mild conditions.
Novel Thermosensitive Polyethers Prepared by Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Glycidyl Ether Derivatives
Authors: Aoki Sayuri , Koide Aya , Imabayashi Shin-ichiro , Watanabe Masayoshi 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
A new series of thermo-sensitive polyethers were prepared by anionic ring-opening polymerization of glycidyl ether derivatives: glycidyl methyl ether, ethyl glycidyl ether, and ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether. The prepared polymers have controllable molecular weight with narrow molecular weight distributions. These polymers exhibit a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in water. The LCST is altered from 14.6 to 57.7 °C by decreasing the hydrophobicity of the side-chain units.
Synchrotron Radiation Structure Analyses of the Light-induced Radical Pair of a Hexaarylbiimidazolyl Derivative. Origin of the Spin-Multiplicity Change
Authors: Kawano Masaki , Ozawa Yoshiki , Matsubara Koutatsu , Imabayashi Hidekazu , Mitsumi Minoru , Toriumi Koshiro , Ohashi Yuji 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
In situ synchrotron radiation structure analyses of a light-induced radical pair from o-Cl-HABI were performed by using an X-ray vacuum camera at 23–70 K at the BL02B1 station of SPring-8. The combined results of X-ray analysis with theoretical calculation, IR, and UV-vis spectroscopy reveal that a slight conformational change of the radical pair causes the drastic spin-multiplicity change during 2–140 K.
Surface Fabrication of Interconnected Hollow Spheres of nm-Thick Titania Shell
Authors: Fujikawa Shigenori , Kunitake Toyoki 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
Latex particles were adsorbed on solid substrate and then covered with ultrathin titania films by the surface sol-gel process. Hollow titania spheres formed after removal of the latex template by oxygen plasma treatment were connected with each other via nanotubes, reflecting the original disposition of the latex particles.
Infrared Spectroscopy of Bis(4-nitrophenyl) Disulfide Grown on a Pb Layer
Authors: McCluskey M D , Grover D I , Zhuravlev K K 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
Crystal whiskers of bis(4-nitrophenyl) disulfide have been grown on a 100-nm thick Pb film from a supersaturated solution of p-nitrothiophenol. The whiskers preferentially grow on Pb but not on Si, In, or Ag. The crystals were characterized by electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The optimized structure of the molecule was determined by ab initio calculations.
Palladium-catalyzed Arylative Cyclizations of Allenylmalonates with Aryl Halides
Authors: Oh Chang Ho , Rhim Chul Yun , Song Chung Hyun , Ryu Jin Hyang 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed arylative cyclizations of allenylmalonates with various aryl halides gave the carbocycles with good chemoselectivity and efficiency.
The Selective 1,2-Addition of Ketene Silyl Acetals to α,β-unsaturated Ketones Promoted by a Copper(I)-Phosphine Complex
Authors: Mitani Michiharu , Ishimoto Kouji , Koyama Ryuhei 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
The thermal reaction of an α,β-unsaturated ketones with a ketene silyl acetal in the presence of the copper(I)halide-phosphine complex brought about the selective formation of the products based on 1,2-addition, while use of the copper(I)halide alone afforded the 1,4-adduct type of product.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Highly Robust 2-D Layered Coordination Polymer of La
Authors: Haitao Xu , Nengwu Zheng , Xianglin Jin , Ruyi Yang , Zhengquan Li 
Published: November 2002

Abstract
The crystal structure of the coordination polymer: [La(C8H5NO4)1.5H2O]n is reported, and some properties are characterized. It is interesting to observe 2-D layer-structures parallel to ac plane. The TAG reveals it’s thermal high stability and the EPR spectra show that there is no odd spin electron.