bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of SLCO1B1 polymorphisms on homocysteine concentrations: evidence for a stronger association in men
Authors: Hu Xinyuan , Jiang Yanfang 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundHomocysteine (Hcy) is a risk factor for stroke. In this study, we investigated the relationship between gene polymorphisms, particularly SLCO1B1 and homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations in ischemic stroke patients, with a focus on identifying potential risk factors for elevated Hcy levels.MethodsA total of 177 ischemic stroke patients, including 99 with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), underwent pharmacogenomics (PGx) sequencing tests, from September 2022 to November 2023 at the hospital. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between clinical characteristics, SNPs, and Hcy concentrations. In the sub-study, 207 ischemic stroke and 244 non-stroke patients underwent SLCO1B1c.521T&gt;C polymorphism to further demonstrate the role of SLCO1B1c.521T&gt;C polymorphism and homocysteine.ResultsHigher Hcy concentrations were observed in men compared to women. Univariate logistic analysis identified gender, GGT concentrations, B12 concentrations, folic acid concentrations, and SLCO1B1 c.521 CC+CT polymorphism as risk factors for elevated Hcy. Multivariate logistic analysis confirmed that B12 concentrations, folic acid concentrations, and SLCO1B1 CT + CC polymorphism were significant dependent risk factors. In the sub-study, SLCO1B1 CT + CC polymorphism and the male sex were identified as risk factors for Hcy, with the effect of SLCO1B1 polymorphism being more pronounced in men.ConclusionFolic acid and vitamin B12 reduce Hcy concentrations, while the SLCO1B1 CT and CC polymorphisms are associated with higher Hcy levels. The impact of SLCO1B1 gene polymorphism on Hcy is notably stronger in the male population, suggesting that genetic factors play a significant role in determining Hcy levels.
Selective dorsal rhizotomy long-term effects on functional motility in Jordanian children with spastic cerebral palsy
Authors: Al-kharabsheh Yazan E. , Said Anas , Ismaiel Ismail A. , Khawaja Issam , Altaher Marwan , Bani-Ahmed Ali , Cirstea Carmen M. 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionSpasticity management in children with cerebral palsy (CP) is a challenge for healthcare providers worldwide. In the US and Europe, treatment options include non-surgical and surgical (i.e., selective dorsal rhizotomy, SDR) procedures, with beneficial effects on functional motility. SDR was introduced in Jordan in 2019. We performed the first assessment of the long-term effects on motor function in Jordanian children with spastic CP (SCP) who underwent SDR.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of 43 patients (28 boys, 15 girls, mean ± SD age at surgery, 6.2 ± 2.5 years, 67.4% with diplegia, 30.2% quadriplegia, and 2.3% hemiplegia, 97.7% bilateral deficits) who received SDR (42 bilateral) was conducted between 01/01/2019 and 03/01/2023. Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and Functional Mobility Scale (FMS) scores were compared before and 12 months after SDR. Sex, age and clinical scores at surgery, and post-SDR surgical treatment were included in the model (IBM SPSS Statistics 29.0).ResultsClinical scores improved 12 months after SDR: GMFCS decreased by at least one level (in 58.5% of patients), and FMS significantly increased (p &lt; 0.001); GMFCS decreased in 77.7% of those with pre-SDR severe impairment vs. 43.5% in moderately to mildly impaired patients. An age sub-analysis demonstrated higher changes in GMFCS in younger children (GMFCS decreased in 46.9% of those aged &lt;10 years old vs. none in those older than 10 years). These findings suggest that younger children (&lt;10 years old) and more impaired (levels IV and V on GMFCS) are likely the best candidates for this procedure. Twelve-month functional improvement was similar in boys and girls (GMFCS decreased in 44.0% of boys vs. 37.5% of girls). Compared to pre-SDR management, all patients continued physiotherapy, less received Botox (by 97.7%), and more received adjunct orthopedic surgeries (32.6% vs. none) after SDR; out of those receiving post-SDR adjuvant surgeries, 50.0% improved GMFCS (compared to 64.0% of those without).ConclusionOur data demonstrated SDR’s beneficial long-term effects on functional mobility in SCP children, particularly those younger than 10 years and more severely impaired. These findings provide critical information that may aid in identifying “the best” therapeutic window and “the best” candidate for SDR in Jordan.
Electroacupuncture combined with cognitive rehabilitation outperforms cognitive rehabilitation alone in treating post-stroke cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Guo Yisha , Sun Tingting , Qiu Fengxi , Li Xueyi , Cui Weiwei , Liao Zhenhua , Yao Jiajia 
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 12-week intervention combining electroacupuncture (EA) with conventional cognitive rehabilitation (CR) on cognitive recovery and brain network topological properties in stroke patients. Thirty-four post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) patients were randomly assigned to either an EA + CR group or a CR-only group, with both undergoing five weekly interventions for 12 weeks. Cognitive assessments and Diffusion Tensor Imaging tests were performed pre- and post-intervention. Primary outcomes included the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Digit Span Test (DST), Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT-H), and Aphasia Screening Scale. Secondary outcomes measured brain network global and nodal properties. The EA + CR group showed significant improvements in MoCA (p &lt; 0.001), AVLT-H (p = 0.004), and in areas like naming (p = 0.022), attention (p &lt; 0.001), and delayed recall (p &lt; 0.001). Local brain network metrics, such as clustering coefficients (Cp) and local efficiency (Eloc), were significantly higher (p &lt; 0.05) in the EA + CR group, though global efficiency (Eglob) was unchanged. Improvements in Eloc were positively correlated with MoCA scores (r = 0.0716, p = 0.018). Specific brain regions, including the medial and paracentral cingulate gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, and left supramarginal gyrus, exhibited significant nodal property differences, suggesting that EA may enhance cognitive recovery by targeting cognitively relevant regions. These findings indicate that EA, combined with CR, is a safe and effective treatment for cognitive impairment following stroke, potentially via structural brain network improvements.Clinical trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/, ChiCTR2200066160.
Development and external validation of a dynamic nomogram for predicting the risk of functional outcome after 90 days in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Li Shaojie , Li Hongjian , Chen Jiani , Wu Baofang , Wang Jiayin , Hong Chaocan , Yan Changhu , Qiu Weizhi , Li Yasong , Gao Hongzhi 
Published: January 2025

Background and purposeIntracerebral hemorrhage remains a significant cause of death and disability worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for accurate prognostic assessments to optimize patient management. This study aimed to develop a practical nomogram for risk prediction of poor prognosis after 90 days in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 638 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage in the Second Hospital of Fujian Medical University, China, who were divided into a training set (n = 446) and a test set (n = 192) by random splitting. Then the data on demographics, clinical symptoms, imaging characteristics, and laboratory findings were collected. In this study, adverse outcomes were defined as a Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 3–6 at 90 days post-ICH onset, as assessed during follow-up. Later, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multifactorial logistic regression were used to screen the variables and construct a nomogram. Next, the evaluation was performed using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis. Finally, the external validation was completed using the data of 496 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage from the Jinjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.ResultsIn the training and test sets of intracerebral hemorrhage, the incidence of poor prognosis was 60.53 and 61.46%, respectively. Through variable screening, this study identified age, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), blood glucose, uric acid, hemoglobin, and hematoma location as independent predictors of poor prognosis in intracerebral hemorrhage. The developed dynamic nomogram was easy to use and demonstrated strong predictive performance (training set AUC: 0.87; test set AUC: 0.839; external validation set AUC: 0.774), excellent calibration, and clinical applicability.ConclusionThe dynamic nomogram we developed using five independent risk factors serves as a practical tool for real-time risk assessment and can help facilitate early intervention and personalized patient management, thereby improving clinical outcomes in high-risk patients.
Low-level auricular vagus nerve stimulation lowers blood pressure and heart rate in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation patients: a self-controlled study
Authors: Jiang Yu , Su Di , Xiao Jingwen , Cheng Wenbo , Hou Yuemei , Zhang Yan 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of low-level auricular vagus nerve stimulation (LL-aVNS) on blood pressure and heart rate in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.MethodsA total of 22 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation diagnosed in Fuzhou First General Hospital Affiliated with Fujian Medical University from September 2021 to December 2022 were selected and given LL-aVNS treatment based on the original unchanged drug treatment for 4 weeks. The systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate maximum (HRmax), heart rate minimum (HRmin), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left atrial diameter (LAD), Atrial Fibrillation Severity Scale (AFSS) symptom subscale, and Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale-Heart Failure (MSAS-HF) before and after the treatment were observed and compared. In addition, adverse effects of the LL-aVNS procedure and 6-month follow-up were recorded.ResultsSBP, DBP, and HRmin were lower after the treatment than before the treatment (p &lt; 0.05); AFSS symptom subscale scores and MSAS-HF scores after the treatment were lower before the treatment (p &lt; 0.05); itching of the skin was observed in one case during the course of LL-aVNS; and two patients were hospitalized for acute exacerbation of chronic heart failure between 4 months and 6 months after the treatment.ConclusionLL-aVNS in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation can assist in controlling blood pressure and heart rate, effectively relieving symptoms, and the treatment process is safe and feasible.
Association of red blood cell distribution width–coefficient of variation with cranial ultrasound abnormalities in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Wei Hongjuan , Chang Xin , Wang Jin 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundNeonatal hyperbilirubinemia frequently leads to severe neurological damage. Although cranial ultrasound (CUS) is crucial for assessing neonatal brain injury, the association between red blood cell distribution width-coefficient of variation (RDW-CV), a marker of red blood cell size variability, and cranial ultrasound abnormalities (CUAs) remains unclear.ObjectiveThe primary aim of this study was to explore the impact of RDW-CV on CUAs in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and to elucidate the potential clinical implications of this relationship.MethodsThis retrospective cross-sectional study included 503 cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia at gestational age ≥35 weeks with available RDW-CV and CUS screening data at Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and smooth curve fitting were used to estimate the association between RDW-CV and the risk of CUAs in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.ResultsThis study found that the overall prevalence of CUAs in ultrasound images was 26.0%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for risk factors revealed that a one-percent increase in RDW-CV increased the risk of CUAs by 23.0%. After conducting a sensitivity analysis of the three RDW-CV quantiles, the findings remained robust and consistent.ConclusionsThe study concluded that a higher RDW-CV was associated with a proportional increase in the risk of CUAs. These results demonstrate the importance of RDW-CV in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Clinicians should consider this association when managing patients with high RDW-CV.
The efficacy of parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for the treatment of overactive bladder in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Zhuoqi , Chai Yumeng , Zhou Zhongbao , Zhang Yong 
Published: January 2025

AimDespite the presence of published evidence in recent decades suggesting an improvement in overactive bladder (OAB) with the utilization of parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PTENS), there is currently a lack of consensus guidelines for therapy. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the impact of PTENS on children with OAB.MethodsA search was carried out using EMBASE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials to find eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to 1 May 2023. From the literature review, eight RCTs (351 participants) comparing PTENS and other treatments (standard urotherapy/anticholinergics/biofeedback/placebo stimulation) were considered.ResultsThe overall complete response rate with PTENS was 1.90 times that of children undergoing other treatment (relative risk 1.90, 95% confidence interval 1.45–2.49). No significant differences were observed in the mean dysfunctional voiding score system (p = 0.26), mean maximum voided volume (p = 0.79), average voided volume (p = 0.94), voiding frequency (p = 0.31), or reduction in the number of children with incontinence episodes (p = 0.81). However, regarding the reduction of children with constipation, the PTENS group demonstrated a better effect compared with the control groups (p = 0.01).ConclusionsIn summary, PTENS has demonstrated better response rates and fewer side effects compared to conventional first-line treatments, such as standard urotherapy and antimuscarinic drugs. Clinicians should consider individual circumstances when treating children with OAB. However, it is important to note that the findings of this study are limited by the small sample size and imperfect outcomes. Further high-quality RCTs are needed to establish the most effective treatment protocol.
Opportunities for meaningful inclusion: experience of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities with research
Authors: Dudley Ally , Baker Tai , Hardesty Canyon , Moody Eric J. 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundIndividuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) face numerous health disparities, particularly in rural communities. However, they are rarely included in the research process to address these challenges as co-researchers. Little is known about the experience of how individuals with disabilities participate as co-researchers, or the barriers they face.ObjectiveThe current study explores the experiences of individuals with IDD as co-researchers through discussions with individuals with IDD themselves, those who support them, and disability researchers.MethodData were collected through focus groups with individuals with IDD, individuals who support those with IDD, and disability researchers. Each group was asked about their journey through the research process, from beginning to end. Data were analyzed thematically by two independent coders.ResultsWhile all groups viewed the inclusion of individuals with disabilities as co-researchers as valuable, many barriers still prevented this population from fully participating in the research process. Individuals with IDD viewed research positively, especially when the topics were personally relevant. However, many thought research was intimidating and wanted additional support. Support providers expressed that the people they support have lots to contribute to research and felt empowered when participating. Disability researchers discussed many barriers to include individuals with IDD as co-researchers, including limited time, resources, and inflexibility of research processes. Researchers felt they could use more experience working with individuals with disabilities as co-researchers to integrate these individuals into all aspects of the process.DiscussionThere is broad interest in including those with IDD as co-research, but many barriers remain. Full inclusion can be supported by developing a welcoming and accessible environment. Researchers may need institutional support and training to pursue inclusive IDD research. Asking individuals with IDD for their expertise, develop topics of research that those with IDD can relate to, and involving support providers may be helpful. Developing innovative strategies to support inclusion is needed from all groups.
Comparative safety profile of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in NSCLC: a network meta-analysis of hypertension and thrombotic risks
Authors: Tan Mingming , Pu Chenwei , Wang Zhenzhen , Jin Chengwei 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThis study examines the risks of hypertension and thrombotic events in NSCLC patients treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs).ObjectiveTo compare the safety profiles of TKIs used in NSCLC treatment, focusing on hypertension and thrombotic risks.MethodsA comprehensive search identified randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of TKIs in NSCLC patients. Bayesian network meta-analysis was employed to construct a comparative network of treatments.ResultsThirty studies involving 11,375 patients were included. Erlotinib had the lowest incidence of hypertension (SUCRA: 91.1%), followed by chemotherapy (88.8%). For thrombotic events, Erlotinib had the lowest risk (SUCRA: 66.1%), while Anlotinib and Cabozantinib had the highest thrombotic risks (SUCRA: 26.9%).ConclusionErlotinib presents the lowest risk for hypertension and thrombotic events, making it a preferred choice for NSCLC patients with cardiovascular concerns.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42024530770.
From the right ventricle to the descending aorta: a Case Report of complex thrombotic events in a patient with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Chen Jiaojiao , Zhu Longyin , Zhou Fen , Li Yuting , Gu Tao , Xia Jing 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundNephrotic syndrome is characterized by significant proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia. Patients frequently exhibit hypercoagulability on account of endothelial dysfunction and abnormal blood coagulation function, which significantly heighten the risk of thrombus formation. Although anticoagulant therapy is crucial for preventing thrombotic events, formulating individualized anticoagulation treatment plans for these patients remains a challenge in clinical practice due to variations in renal function and the distinct metabolic characteristics of anticoagulant medications.Case IntroductionThis case report presents a 27-year-old male patient diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. The etiological diagnosis was hepatitis B virus-associated glomerulonephritis, and the pathological diagnosis was mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. The patient had a relapse accompanied by bilateral pulmonary embolism and a right ventricular thrombus, and ultimately underwent thrombectomy. In the subsequent year, despite receiving adequate anticoagulation therapy with rivaroxaban, rare events of descending aortic mural thrombus and bilateral renal infarction occurred. The patient was treated with anticoagulation, endovascular exclusion with a descending aorta covered stent for the isolation of mural thrombus, and prolonged antiplatelet therapy. As of now, follow-up has shown no recurrence of thrombotic events.ConclusionThis case underscores the challenges associated with managing the hypercoagulability in patients with nephrotic syndrome and emphasizes the importance of personalized anticoagulation therapy. To improve patient outcomes, future research should focus on the selection of anticoagulant agents, dosage optimization, and monitoring strategies to enhance the safety and efficacy of anticoagulation treatment in this patient population.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of propranolol in the prevention and treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Li Haipeng , Zhang Zhengrong , Yang Shaojie , Zhu Guoqi 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis aim to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of propranolol in the prevention and treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with a focus on its improvement of core PTSD symptoms.MethodsA literature search was conducted across multiple databases (including PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Embase), with the search cutoff date in October 2024. The studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating pharmacological treatments for PTSD. PTSD symptoms were assessed using standardized clinical scales, including the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) and the PTSD Checklist (PCL). The primary outcome was the improvement in PTSD symptoms.ResultsSeven studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. The studies showed low heterogeneity, with a chi-squared value of 2.56 (df = 6, p = 0.86) and I2 = 0%. The overall effect test indicated significant improvement in PTSD symptoms after propranolol intervention (Z = 2.32, p = 0.02). These findings suggest that propranolol has a statistically significant effect on reducing the severity of PTSD symptoms, with a moderate effect size according to Cohen’s criteria.ConclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis provide preliminary evidence supporting the possible role of propranolol in alleviating PTSD symptoms. Future researches are needed to further clarify the therapeutic potential, mechanisms of action, and long-term safety of propranolol in PTSD treatment.