bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Undernutrition-induced substance metabolism and energy production disorders affected the structure and function of the pituitary gland in a pregnant sheep model
Authors: Liu Shuai , Lu Huizhen , Mao Shengyong , Zhang Zijun , Zhu Wen , Cheng Jianbo , Xue Yanfeng 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionUndernutrition spontaneously occurs in ewes during late gestation and the pituitary is an important hinge in the neurohumoral regulatory system. However, little is known about the effect of undernutrition on pituitary metabolism.MethodsHere, 10 multiparous ewes were restricted to a 30% feeding level during late gestation to establish an undernutrition model while another 10 ewes were fed normally as controls. All the ewes were sacrificed, and pituitary samples were collected to perform transcriptome, metabolome, and quantitative real-time PCR analysis and investigate the metabolic changes.ResultsPCA and PLS-DA of total genes showed that undernutrition changed the total transcriptome profile of the pituitary gland, and 581 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the two groups. Clusters of orthologous groups for eukaryotic complete genomes demonstrated that substance transport and metabolism, including lipids, carbohydrates, and amino acids, energy production and conversion, ribosomal structure and biogenesis, and the cytoskeleton were enriched by DEGs. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment analysis displayed that the phagosome, intestinal immune network, and oxidative phosphorylation were enriched by DEGs. Further analysis found that undernutrition enhanced the lipid degradation and amino acid transport, repressing lipid synthesis and transport and amino acid degradation of the pituitary gland. Moreover, the general metabolic profiles and metabolic pathways were affected by undernutrition, repressing the 60S, 40S, 28S, and 39S subunits of the ribosomal structure for translation and myosin and actin synthesis for cytoskeleton. Undernutrition was found also to be implicated in the suppression of oxidative phosphorylation for energy production and conversion into a downregulation of genes related to T cell function and the immune response and an upregulation of genes involved in inflammatory reactions enriching phagosomes.DiscussionThis study comprehensively analyses the effect of undernutrition on the pituitary gland in a pregnant sheep model, which provides a foundation for further research into the mechanisms of undernutrition-caused hormone secretion and metabolic disorders.
Measurement of MMP-7 in micro-volume peripheral blood: development of dried blood spot approach
Authors: Jiang Jingying , Liu Shuyang , Du Min , Deng Jiale , Chen Gong , Yang Yifan , Dong Rui , Fang Zhuo , Zheng Shan 
Published: November 2023

PurposeSerum matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) is significant in differentiating biliary atresia (BA). This study aims to develop a new peripheral blood quantitative collection device to detect MMP-7 levels via dried blood spot (DBS).MethodsThis is a diagnostic accuracy test. Serum and DBS MMP-7 concentrations were measured using an ELISA kit. Intraoperative cholangiography and subsequent histological examinations were used to confirm BA diagnoses.ResultsA total of 241 infants with obstructive jaundice were enrolled, among whom 168 were BA. Linear regression showed DBS MMP-7 correlated well with serum MMP-7 (R = 0.93, P &lt; 0.001). The best cut-off value of serum MMP-7 for BA was 25.9 ng/ml, achieving the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.962 (95% CI: 0.941, 0.983), and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were 86.9%, 94.5%, 97.3% and 75.8%, respectively. The best cut-off value of DBS MMP-7 for BA was 12.5 ng/ml, achieving the AUC of 0.922 (95% CI: 0.888, 0.956), and the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 86.9%, 89.0%, 94.8%, and 74.7%, respectively. The dried blood spots were intervened under different storage conditions, including 1–5 days at room temperature, 2 or 3 days at 30 °C and 2 or 3 days at 37 °C. The DBS MMP-7 concentration under different storage conditions had good correlation and consistency with that at −80 °C.ConclusionsSerum and DBS MMP-7 correlate well, both of which have high accuracy in the diagnosis of BA, while the requirements for the storage of DBS are low.
Efficacy and safety of anisodine hydrobromide injection for acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Yang , Wan Feng , Hu Peiqun , He Benxiang , Hu Yushi , Liu Yunlu 
Published: November 2023

Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anisodine hydrobromide (Ani) injection in the treatment of AIS.Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) based on Ani injection for the treatment of AIS were retrieved from both Chinese and English databases. The retrieval period was from the databases’ inception to May 2023. The Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool was used to assess the methodological quality. The outcome indicators were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software.Results: We included the findings of 11 RCTs encompassing 1,337 patients with AIS. Our meta-analysis revealed that Ani injection supplementation significantly reduced the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [MD = −1.53, 95%CI = (−1.94, −1.12), p &lt; 0.00001], modified Rankin Scale [MD = −0.89, 95%CI = (−0.97, −0.81), p &lt; 0.00001], and the relative time to peak [SMD = −0.81, 95%CI = (−1.08, −0.55), p &lt; 0.00001] significantly. Additionally, Ani injection significantly increased the Barthel Index [MD = 10.65, 95%CI = (4.30, 17.00), p = 0.001], relative cerebral blood volume [SMD = 0.28, 95%CI = (0.02, 0.53), p = 0.03], and clinical efficacy [RR = 1.2, 95%CI = (1.08, 1.34), p = 0.001]. No statistically significant difference in the rate of adverse events was observed between the Ani injection supplemental group and the control group.Conclusion: Based on currently published evidence, Ani injection was found to be effective and safe in improving AIS outcome. Nevertheless, limitations of the included RCTs still exist, and thus, more multi-center, large-sample, high-quality RCTs are required to further verify the efficacy and safety of Ani injection in patients with AIS.Systematic Review Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023427591], identifier [PROSPERO 2023 CRD42023427591].
Good performance in difficult times? Threat and challenge as contributors to achievement emotions and academic performance during the COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Malkoc Smirna , Macher Daniel , Hasenhütl Sabine , Paechter Manuela 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as one of the most formidable global crises, leading to the disruptions to education systems worldwide and impacting learning attitudes and psychological well-being of various learner groups, including university students. In this context, students’ appraisals of adverse learning situations play a key role. It is not just the learning situation, but rather students’ appraisal of it which impacts their emotions, attitudes, and behaviors in academic context. The aim of the present study was to investigate how university students’ challenge and threat appraisals were related to emotional learning experiences and learning outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the study focuses on the role of personal and external resources for learning in this context.MethodsAltogether, 428 students, who attended a Psychology lecture at one Austrian university, filled in a questionnaire about their challenge and threat appraisals of learning circumstances during the COVID-19 pandemic, achievement emotions they experienced during this time as well as gender, proneness to anxiety, academic self-concept, and learning resources. Additionally, students’ performance in the examination was recorded.ResultsThe structural equation model emphasizes a crucial role of challenge and threat appraisals for students’ achievement emotions in learning and exam preparation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Challenge appraisals were the strongest predictor for pleasant emotions and threat appraisals were strongest predictor for unpleasant emotions. Proneness to anxiety was related to threat appraisal as well as to experience of more unpleasant and, surprisingly, to positive emotions in adverse learning situation. Academic self-concept and learning resources were identified as important resources for learning in adverse learning situation. Unpleasant achievement emotions were directly and negatively related to academic performance and may thus be seen as a critical variable and crucial obstacle to academic performance.DiscussionThe present study provides implications for learning and instructions which could be implemented by universities in order to support learning and learning attitudes among university students in adverse learning situations.
Student writing in the engineering curriculum: discursive rhetorical model of the laboratory report genre in Spanish
Authors: Sologuren Enrique 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe laboratory report is a widely used genre in the academic training process in civil computer engineering. Students produce this genre in the university classroom for diverse academic and professional purposes. Despite its relevance, empirical rhetorical-discursive descriptions of the value of student writing are still scarce in Spanish. Thus, we describe the rhetorical-discursive organization of the laboratory report genre in this subdiscipline.MethodsTo fulfil this purpose, we followed a methodological design based on Swalesian Genre Analysis and used a corpus of ninety-eight texts. The sample was collected in a self-compiled form through consultation with teachers and students in the university classroom. The application of this method allowed us to determine the macro-moves, moves, and rhetorical steps of the genre, its communicative functions, and textual features.ResultsThe resulting rhetorical model consisted of four macro-moves, twelve moves and seventeen steps. This model shows the highly dynamic and mesogeneric nature of this genre, the new functions of multimodal artefacts, and the genre’s presence across the curriculum. To know about the teachers’ and students’ views on the process of training professional writers in engineering, the rhetorical model was complemented with an ethnographic phase (in the terms proposed by Swales: corroboration process with a couple of members of the community) before and after collecting the textual corpus.DiscussionFinally, the implications for genre theory, Spanish language theory and pedagogy of the Spanish language and genre pedagogy are discussed.
The impact of drug shortages on drug prices: evidence from China
Authors: Hu Shuchen , Zhang Jinwei , Li Jianwei , Zhang Jieqiong , Pan Mengyuan , Xiang Cheng , Dave Chintan V. , Yang Caijun , Fang Yu 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionDrug shortages pose a serious global public health challenge, affecting China and other countries. Evidence from USA shows that short-supplied drugs demonstrated a very high price growth during and after a shortage. However, the effect of shortages on drug prices in China remains unknown. This paper aims to understand the impact of drug shortages on prices and explore implications for shortage prevention policy.MethodsWe collected the purchase prices and delivery rates of 120 drugs from April 2019 to December 2021 across whole China. We examined price progression of affected drugs using linear mixed-effects models and performed subgroup analyses based on the number of manufacturers and the severity of shortage.ResultsNon-shortage cohort had an annual price growth of 11.62% (95% confidence interval [CI] 8.34 to 14.98). Shortage cohort demonstrated an annual price growth of 8.08% (95%CI 0.12 to 16.77) in the period preceding a shortage, 27.57% (95%CI 6.17 to 52.87) during a shortage, and 9.38% (95%CI −12.64 to 36.39) in the post-shortage period. Drug shortages’ impact on prices varied across subgroups. Compared with that of drug markets supplied by a single manufacturer, the price growth rate of markets supplied by more than one manufacture declined more after the shortage resolution.ConclusionShortages resulted in significant price increases of study markets, especially the low-priced markets, while the shortage resolution slowed the growth. The primary shortage driver has shifted from the low price to others drivers, such as unavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients. For currently sole-supplied drugs, the expedited review of applications from other manufacturers should be considered.
Race and sex differences in the association between lifespan glycemic status and midlife cognitive function: the Bogalusa heart study
Authors: Gwizdala Kathryn L. , Bazzano Lydia A. , Newton Robert L. , Carmichael Owen T. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionGlycemic markers throughout life are associated with increased risk of midlife cognitive decline, yet it is unclear whether these associations differ by race and sex.MethodsThis study used cross-sectional analysis of prospectively maintained cohort. 1,295 participants in the Bogalusa Heart Study, a biracial epidemiological cohort located in a micropolitan area core setting, provided fasting plasma insulin (FPI) and glucose (FPG) biannually from 1973 to 2016. Memory, executive function (EF), attention, working memory (WM), and global cognition (GC), collected 2013–2016. Glycemic markers (i.e., FPG, FPI, and HOMA-IR) averaged within lifespan epochs (≤ 20 years, childhood/adolescence (C/A); 21–40 years, early adulthood (EA); and 40–58 years, midlife). Linear regression models were analyzed for each epoch and separate models were analyzed with sex and race, education as a covariate.ResultsSample was 59% women, 34% African American (AA). Among women, higher C/A FPG was associated with poorer memory and poorer GC. Higher EA FPG was associated with poorer WM. Among men, higher EA HOMA-IR was associated with worse attention. Higher C/A HOMA-IR and FPI were associated with better memory, as was higher EA FPI. Among AA, higher C/A FPG was associated with worse attention, EF, and GC. Higher EA HOMA-IR was associated with worse attention. Higher midlife FPI and C/A HOMA-IR were associated with worse WM and EF among White Americans (WAs).DiscussionMarkers indicative of hyperglycemia at different epochs were associated with worse midlife cognition in women, AAs, and WAs; but not in men. Differences in the relationship between lifespan glycemic exposures and midlife cognition could reflect broader health disparities.
Ketergantungan Handphone pada Remaja
Authors: Nuramadan Demelia Khalisa , Muttaqin Zaenal , Fauziah Fatah Vera , Z Desmaniarti 
Published: November 2023

Berkembangnya teknologi saat ini mampu mempermudah dalam segala hal. Seperti pada penggunaan handphone dapat membantu dalam mencari informasi, memudahkan berkomunikasi, menambah pengetahuan dan sebagainya. Dengan kemudahan ini mampu membuat individu menjadi ketergantungan handphone terutama pada remaja. Remaja memiliki prevalensi ketergantungan handphone lebih tinggi pada orang dewasa. Hal ini disebabkan karena remaja merupakan masa dimana ingin mencoba berbagai hal-hal yang baru dalam kehidupan. Remaja di era digital saat ini menjalani sebagian waktunya dengan mengakses internet dan media sosial melalui berbagai perangkat teknologi. Tujuan pada penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui gambaran ketergantungan handphone pada remaja. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik probability sampling pada siswa disalah satu SMA di Kabupaten Bandung Barat sebanyak 274 responden. Alat ukur yang digunakan yaitu Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version (SAS-SV) versi Bahasa Indonesia. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan yaitu terdapat 61% remaja yang mengalami ketergantungan dan 39% tidak ketergangungan. Disarankan pada remaja untuk mampu mengotrol diri terhadap penggunaan handphone
PERAN PROMOSI KESEHATAN DALAM PELAKSANAAN SKRINING KESEHATAN DI KEL. HARAPAN BARU, SAMARINDA
Authors: Bernadetha Bernadetha , Rahayu Eka Putri , Tonapa Emelia 
Published: November 2023

Promosi kesehatan tidak terlepas dari kegiatan atau usaha menyampaikan pesan kesehatan kepada masyarakat, kelompok atau individu. Dengan adanya pesan tersebut, maka diharapkan masyarakat, kelompok atau individu dapat memperoleh pengetahuan tentang kesehatan yang lebih baik. Penyebab kematian di Indonesia sebanyak 66% adalah penyakit tidak menular. Angka ini terdiri dari penyakit penyakit kardiovaskuler, penyakit kanker, diabetes mellitus, hipertensi dan penyakit tidak menular lainnya. Tingkat kesadaran akan kesehatan di Indonesia masih rendah dimana jumlah pasien yang tidak menyadari bahwa dirinya menderita Hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus dan yang tidak minum obat dengan patuh kemungkinan lebih besar. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pendidikan kesehatan melalui penyuluhan dengan media leaflet dan poster untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap penyakit tidak menular terutama penyakit hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan diawali dengan pemberian pre- test terlebih dahulu dengan menggunakan instrumen kuesioner, kemudian diberikan penyuluhan tentang penyakit hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus. Pada akhir sesi kegiatan dilakukan diskusi tanya jawab dan pengisian post-test kuesioner. Adapun hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan ini yaitu tingkat pengetahuan sasaran tentang penyakit hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus sebelum diberikan edukasi sebanyak 46 orang berada pada kategori baik (53%) meningkat menjadi 77 orang berada pada kategori baik (86%). Hasil uji Wilcoxon didapatkan ? value 0,000 yang berarti ? < 0,005. Kesimpulannya edukasi mengenai penyakit hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai penyakit tidak menular.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA PADA MATERI BANGUN DATAR MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE MAKE A MATCH KELAS III SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Andzani Khairunnisa , Putri Dewantri Priyono , Hadi Waluyo , Dallion Engga 
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini memiliki sasaran untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar matematika pada materi bangun datar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran cooperative learning tipe make a match. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas III SDN Cipedak 05 yang berjumlah 31 orang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, yaitu Siklus I dan Siklus II, dimana setiap siklusnya meliputi perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran cooperative learning tipe make a match didapatkan hasil nilai rata - rata yang diperoleh siswa pada Siklus I sebesar 67,74% dengan tingkat ketuntasan 48,38% sebanyak 15 siswa dan Siklus II nilai rata - rata sebesar 83,38% dan tingkat ketuntasan 96,77% dengan jumlah siswa tuntas yakni 30 siswa. Dari data tersebut disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar menggunakan model pembelajaran cooperative learning tipe make a match.
Perancangan E-Catalog Sebagai Media Promosi Produk Pakaian Pada Toko Thrifdikitaaja Berbasis Android
Authors: Sabtu Sabtu , Devega Army Trilidia , Putry Marisa Sonea Eka 
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempromosiakan produk Pakain pada toko thrifdikitaaja yang berbasis android maka dibuatlah sebuah media promosi agar dapat mempermudah pihak manager perusahaan dan pelanggan untuk melihat berbagai jenis produk pakaian dari baju, celana dan jilbab tersebut, dengan menggunakan tahapan pengembangan media promosi berbasis android, dan metode MDLC ( Multimedia Development Life Cycle ) yang dilakukan berdasarkan enam tahap, yaitu konsep (concept), perancangan (design), pengumpulan bahan (material collecting), pembuatan (assembly), pengujian (testing), dan pendistribusian (distribution). Sedangkan pemodelan yang digunakan menggunakan Unified Modeling Language (UML) yang terdiri dari yaitu Use Case Diagram, Activity Diagram, Class Diagram dan Sequence Diagram. Perancangan e-catalog sebagai media promosi produk pakaian pada toko thrifdikitaaja yang dibuat dengan Bahasa pemrograman PHP, JavaSript, Android Studio, Visual Studio Code dan Database MySQL. Hasil penelitian ini diharapakan dapat memberikan kemudahan dalam mempromosikan produk pakaian
Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Exhaled Breath of COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Effendi Tiar Oktavian , Chozin Iin Noor , Pratiwi Suryanti Dwi , Setijowati Nanik , Wardoyo Arinto Yudi Ponco 
Published: November 2023

Background: It has been more than 2 years since COVID-19’s first cases were reported in 2019. Rapid diagnosis of COVID-19 is necessary to prevent its spread. A sample for COVID-19 testing is collected by naso-oro-pharyngeal swab. This procedure is often uncomfortable and requires a trained examiner. Exhaled breath contains thousands of volatile organic compounds (VOC), which are likely to change during infection. This study aimed to analyze the difference in VOC in the exhaled breath between COVID-19 and healthy subjects.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out, recruiting 90 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 42 healthy subjects. A sample of exhaled breath was collected by using a 500-mL airbag in both groups. The sample was analyzed using an arrayed sensor breath analyzer to quantify the concentration of CO2, C7H8, C6H14, CH2O, NH4, TVOC, NO2, PM1.0, CO, NH3 ­and Acetone.Results: The medians of CO2, NH4, TVOC, NO2, and acetone were significantly lower in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy subjects (respectively 607.3 vs 1175.1; 0.0 vs 1.05; 0.05 vs 146.6; 0.04 vs 1.55; 0.0 vs 0.23) while C7H8, CH2O, CO, and NH3 were significantly higher (respectively 0.92 vs 0.0; 0.55 vs 0.01; 0.24 vs 0.0; 1.99 vs 0.67; all with P-value of <0.05.). Furthermore, we found NH4, acetone, NH3, and CO were positively correlated with the severity of COVID-19, while CO2 and TVOC were negatively correlated.Conclusion: COVID-19 patients emit distinctive VOC profiles in comparison with healthy subjects, and this is related to the severity of the disease.
Falta de aplicación de políticas públicas del sistema penitenciario en Jalapa
Authors: Espino Martínez Axel Samael 
Published: November 2023

PROBLEMA: Pregunta: ¿La falta de aplicación de políticas públicas del sistema penitenciario en el Departamento de Jalapa, limita la readaptación social de quienes se encuentran vinculados a proceso penal? Planteamiento: La falta de aplicación de políticas públicas del sistema penitenciario en el Departamento de Jalapa, deriva en la flagrante violación a derechos fundamentales de las y los privados de libertad. OBJETIVO: Establecer la falta de aplicación de políticas públicas en relación al sistema penitenciario de Jalapa. METODO: Se abordó el Estudio de caso, mediante la aplicación de 3 diferentes boletas de entrevista. La primera se aplicó a 10 funcionarios, entre jueces, fiscales y abogados litigantes, profesionales de sexo masculino, mayores de 40 años, la segunda a personal penitenciario, entrevista a 10 personas, de sexo masculino, mayores de 30 años; y la tercera, aplicada a privados y privadas de libertad, realizada 40 personas, de sexo masculino, mayores de 25 años; realizando una investigación de tipo cualitativo. RESULTADOS: La primera entrevista, un 90% responden que no se aplica la política pública de sistema penitenciario en Jalapa; la segunda, un 90% desconocen a la autoridad del sistema penitenciario en Jalapa; la tercera entrevista aplicada a privados y privadas de libertad, un 95% establecen carencia de condiciones mínimas de vida y salubridad en centro carcelario de Jalapa. CONCLUSIONES: Que el sistema penitenciario en el Departamento de Jalapa, carece de la rectoría de la autoridad penitenciaria, no existe la intervención de Gobernador Departamental, debe mejorarse la infraestructura y condiciones de habitabilidad en centros carcelarios