bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Range and Movement of Resident Holdover and Hatchery Brown Trout Tagged with Radio Transmitters in the Farmington River, Connecticut
Authors: Popoff Nicholas D. , Neumann Robert M. 
Published: March 2005

Abstract
The 5.8-km West Branch Farmington River Trout Management Area (TMA) is one of Connecticut's premier catch-and-release fisheries for brown trout Salmo trutta. However, little is known about the behavior of brown trout in this system and to what extent brown trout emigrate from the TMA. The objectives of this study were to determine the movement, range, and emigration of resident holdover and newly stocked brown trout tagged with radio transmitters in the TMA. Transmitters were implanted into 22 first-year (mean total length = 314 mm) and 25 second-year (mean total length = 432 mm) holdover brown trout. Twenty catchable-size (mean total length = 290 mm) brown trout were also implanted with transmitters and released into the TMA. The mean range (distance between the extreme upstream and downstream locations) was greater for second-year holdover brown trout than for first-year holdover brown trout, and it was greater in fall than in winter. The movement (distance moved between successive locations) of holdover brown trout was greater in fall than in winter. Movement of first-year holdover brown trout was significantly related to discharge, water temperature, and the number of days between successive locations. Newly stocked brown trout exhibited the two largest ranges (5.3 and 4.7 km). The range of newly stocked brown trout was not different between seasons, but movement was greater in spring than in summer. Through 16 weeks poststocking, there was no discernable difference in the percentage of stocked brown trout dispersing in a predominantly upstream or downstream direction. Mean dispersal distances from the stocking location were 0.5 and 0.9 km at 2 and 12 weeks poststocking, respectively. Movement of newly stocked brown trout was positively related to discharge and negatively related to water temperature. A known 6% (4 of 67) of the tagged brown trout emigrated from the TMA, but up to 21% (14 of 67) of tagged fish could have left the study area if all missing fish were emigrants.
Early retirement due to occupational injury: Who is at risk?
Authors: Pransky Glenn S. , Benjamin Katy L. , Savageau Judith A. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractBackgroundAs the workforce is rapidly ageing, research on the consequences of occupational injuries in older workers is becoming more important. One adverse outcome unique to older workers, early retirement, has significant negative social and economic consequences for workers and employers. Although linked to poor worker health, the roles of workplace factors and occupational injury have not been well‐defined.MethodChanges in retirement plans attributed to an occupational injury were studied in a population‐based sample of 1,449 New Hampshire workers aged ≤55, using a mailed survey. Questions addressed pre‐and post‐injury health, job satisfaction, work capacity, nature and severity of injury, medical care, employer response, work status, pain, and financial problems.ResultEleven percent planned to retire earlier due to their work injury, and their outcomes were significantly worse. In a multivariate model, pre‐injury dissatisfaction with the job and with medical care, and poor physical and mental health status were related to intent to retire early.ConclusionThese factors may represent opportunities for early identification and intervention with individuals at high risk for poor post‐injury outcomes. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the importance of these preliminary findings. Am. J. Ind. Med. 47:285–295 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Grafting of cotton with β‐cyclodextrin via poly(carboxylic acid)
Authors: Voncina B. , Le Marechal A. Majcen 
Published: March 2005

AbstractCyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides. Cyclodextrin molecules can form inclusion complexes with a large number of organic molecules. The properties of cyclodextrins enable them to be used in a variety of different textile applications. Cyclodextrins can act as auxiliaries in washing and dyeing processes, and they can also be fixed onto different fiber surfaces. Because of the complexing abilities of cyclodextrins, textiles with new functional properties can be prepared. Poly(carboxylic acid)s such as 1,2,3,4‐butane tetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) are well‐known non‐formaldehyde crosslinking reagents. BTCA has four carboxylic acid groups, which can react with hydroxyl groups of cellulose and form stable ester bonds. We crosslinked β‐cyclodextrin molecules on hydroxyl groups of cellulose via BTCA. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 1323–1328, 2005
Protonation Sites of Indoles and Benzoylindoles
Authors: Hoyuelos Francisco J. , García Begoña , Ibeas Saturnino , Muñoz María S. , Navarro Ana M. , Peñacoba Indalecio , Leal José M. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractIndomethacine (1) and acemethacine (2) contain the substituents ‐OCH3, ‐CH2COOH, ‐CH2COOCH2COOH, C‐indole and O‐benzoyl, which are susceptible to protonation in highly acidic media. To determine the protonation sites and the substituent effects reliably, the dissociation constants of the set of structurally related compounds 1‐benzoyl‐3‐methylindole (3), 1‐benzoyl‐5‐methoxyindole (4), 1‐benzoylindole (5), 5‐methoxy‐2‐methylindole (6), (2‐methylindol‐3‐yl)acetic acid (7) and (5‐methoxy‐2‐methylindol‐3‐yl)acetic acid (8) were investigated in concentrated perchloric acid. The UV/Visible spectral curves were studied by the Hammett, Bunnett–Olsen and excess acidity methods, and the observed medium effects of 1 to 5 were analysed by the vector analysis and excess acidity methods. Acemethacine (2) displays two acid–base equilibria with pK(i) = –2.3 and pK = –4.2, corresponding to the ester and amide groups. The benzoylindoles 1, 3, 4 and 5 each show a single amide equilibrium pK ≈ –4.2, independently of the substituent. Indoles 6–8 are stronger bases than benzoylindoles. Substitution of the indole H (NH) by the benzoyl group strongly reduces the N basicity, and increases the O basicity with protonation of the CO group. The solvation parameters, m* = 0.70 for benzoylindoles and m* = 1.3 for indoles, reveal greater charge location and less solvation requirements in the latter. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Olefinic Isothiocyanates and Iminodithiocarbonates from the Liverwort Corsinia coriandrina
Authors: von Reuß Stephan H. , König Wilfried A. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe chemical investigation of the liverwort Corsinia coriandrina, Corsiniaceae, resulted in the isolation, structure elucidation and synthesis of four sulfur‐ and nitrogen‐containing compounds. The coriandrins were identified as (Z)‐ and (E)‐2‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)ethenyl isothiocyanates, while the O‐methyltridentatols contain the corresponding (Z)‐ and (E)‐S,S‐dimethyl 2‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)ethenyliminodithiocarbonate structures. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Design and Evaluation of Inclusion Resolutions, Based on Readily Available Host Compounds
Authors: Müller Simona , Afraz Marcel Cyrus , de Gelder René , Ariaans Gerry J. A. , Kaptein Bernard , Broxterman Quirinus B. , Bruggink Alle 
Published: March 2005

AbstractResolution of enantiomers through selective crystallisation of diastereomeric inclusion compounds can extend the scope of traditional racemate resolution beyond salt forming compounds. To assess the practical value of this approach the literature was carefully screened and promising results were checked. Also an extensive range of new inclusion hosts suitable for resolution processes, derived from simple hydroxy‐ and amino acids were prepared and tested. Several techniques, including the Dutch Resolution approach utilizing mixtures of resolving agents, were applied. Over 70 potential resolving agents were tested in combinations with 34 racemates (over 100 racemates if literature results are included). Reproducibility of literature results was found to be problematic. Also the number of successful new resolutions found was very limited: only two efficient resolutions out of 1200 combinations of racemate and resolving agent tested in over 10.000 experiments! Crystal studies of representative combinations of resolving agents and inclusion compounds revealed some of the causes for the low rate of success in inclusion resolution. Compared to diastereomeric salts, the absence of strong electrostatic interactions substantially reduces the probability of forming crystals including both components. Molecular structure features allowing formation of intricate intramolecular and intermolecular H‐bond networks were found to be responsible for inclusion crystal formation, and for the quality of the ensuing resolution through selective diastereomer crystallisation, in the successful cases. Whereas diastereomeric salt resolution continues to be of scientific and industrial interest, inclusion resolution should be viewed as of very limited scope; useful in specific instances, but lacking the wide applicability of classical resolution. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Efficient Photosensitized Splitting of Thymine Dimer by a Covalently Linked Tryptophan in Solvents of High Polarity
Authors: Song Qin‐Hua , Tang Wen‐Jian , Hei Xiao‐Ming , Wang Hong‐Bo , Guo Qing‐Xiang , Yu Shu‐Qin 
Published: March 2005

AbstractTryptophan‐thymine dimer model compounds used to mimic the repair reaction of DNA photolyase have been synthesized. The photosensitized cleavage of the dimer by the covalently linked tryptophan is strongly solvent‐dependent with the reaction rates increasing in increasingly polar solvents, for example, the quantum yield Φ = 0.004 in THF/hexane (5:95) and 0.093 in water. The fluorescence of the tryptophan residue is quenched by the dimer moiety by electron transfer from the excited tryptophan to the dimer. Fluorescence‐quenching studies indicated that the electron transfer was efficient in polar solvents. The splitting efficiency of the dimer radical anion within the tryptophan·+–dimer·– species is also remarkably solvent‐dependent and increases with the polarity of the solvents. The back‐electron‐transfer reaction in the charge‐separated species, which competes with cleavage, was suppressed in polar solvents. These results are in contrast to those of earlier solvent‐dependent studies of indole‐dimer systems, but they can be rationalized in terms of the differences in the distances between the chromophore unit and the attached dimer. The pH‐dependent measurements of the splitting reaction and the deuterium isotope effect showed that the tryptophan radical cation within the charge‐separated species does not deprotonate prior to the cleavage of the dimer radical anion. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Diastereoselective Assembly of Chiral RuII‐Coordinated Depsipeptide‐Dendrimers
Authors: Buschhaus Boris , Hirsch Andreas 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe synthesis, characterization and chiroptical properties of chiral dendrimers 11–14 formed by ruthenium coordination of2,2′‐bipyridine (bpy*) ligands 4, 7, 8 and 10 involving two pairs of enantiomerically pure depsipeptide dendrons bound in 4,4′‐position are described. In the case of the first and second generation ligands 4, 7 and 8 the metallodendrimers 11, 12 and 13 are formed containing a central [Ru(bpy*)3]2+ core. After coordination of the third generation dendritic ligand 10 the metallodendrimer 14 with two bpy* ligands, {[Ru(bpy*)2Cl2] core} was isolated. The corresponding metallodendrimer 15 with three bpy* ligands was formed in traces only. Dendrimers 11, 12 and 13 are the first chiral metallodendrimers involving an [Ru(bpy*)3]2+ core. This chiral coordination motif can have either a Δ or a Λ configuration. To elucidate if there is a preference for a certain configuration 1H NMR and CD spectroscopy and analytical HPLC were applied. It was found that for the first generation dendrimer 11 the corresponding diastereoisomers with Δ and Λ configuration are formed in equal amounts. On the other hand the Λ diastereoisomers of 12 and 13 are preferably formed upon coordination of the second generation dendrons 7 and 8 with all‐(R,R) configuration (8) or mixed (S,S)1‐(R,R)2 configuration (7). This demonstrates that the configuration of the outer rather than the inner layer within the depsipeptide dendrons determines which isomer is preferably formed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Analysis of drugs, natural and bioactive compounds containing phenolic groups by capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry
Authors: Huck Christian W. , Stecher Günther , Scherz Heimo , Bonn Günther 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThis review summarizes the use of capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) for the analysis of phenolic compounds and its latest developments. Special attention is paid to the different interfaces. The instrumental setups are discussed and demonstrated in a high number of real applications.
A Structured Problem‐solving Course for Graduate Students: Exposing Students to Six Sigma as Part of their University Training
Authors: Anderson‐Cook Christine M. , Patterson Angie , Hoerl Roger 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe Department of Statistics at Virginia Tech introduced a Master's level course in Structured Problem Solving in 2002. The goal of the course was to give graduate students of statistics, engineering and business initial exposure to Six Sigma methods, teach leadership and teamwork skills, and help students better understand how to apply their technical skills to large‐scale project‐based problems. The paper presents an overview of the course, details about the projects students have worked on during the two years the course has been offered, and student feedback and reaction to the course. It is our hope that this paper can provide helpful information for statistics graduate programs at other universities that may be considering implementing a similar course to assist students in making the transition from academic studies to industrial careers. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lucan’s Follies: Memory and Ruin in a Civil-War Landscape
Authors: Spencer Diana 
Published: March 2005

‘uilia sunt nobis quaecumque prioribus annis uidimus, et sordet quidquid spectauimus olim.’‘all the things which we saw in former years are worthless to us, and squalid - everything that in times past we gazed upon (esteemed/respected).’Calpurnius Siculus, Eclogue 7.45–6When Calpurnius’ old Roman tells Corydon, the country-boy fresh in town, that nothing that one has seen before can prepare one adequately for Nero's Roman spectacle (probably the games of 57 CE), it is almost impossible not to recall the magnificent loathing that Suetonius (Nero 12.1-2) and Tacitus (Annals 13.31) express for the new emperor's extravaganzas. Eleanor Leach comments that: ‘The builder of the amphitheatre [Nero] has combed the world for his marvels, creating a new cosmos within his gilded wooden oval.’ This spectacular new cosmos maps out a world in which pastoral can no longer exist because Nero has distorted the notion of rus in urbe to such an extent that Calpurnius’ only recourse is obituary. Here, Calpurnius’ eclogue functions not just as an elegy for pastoral, but as a poem which opens up a dialogue with Lucan's civil war landscape; in this world, metaphorical and real species of ruin take on an ever greater cultural urgency as means of interpreting the dramatic artifice of Rome's present.
Meta‐analysis: proton‐pump inhibition in high‐risk patients with acute peptic ulcer bleeding
Authors: Bardou M. , Toubouti Y. , Benhaberou‐Brun D. , Rahme E. , Barkun A. N. 
Published: March 2005

SummaryBackground:  Recent data suggest that profound acid suppression may improve outcomes of patients in peptic ulcer bleeding.Aim:  To better characterize the role of different pharmacological therapies in this population.Methods:  MEDLINE was used to identify randomized trials (01/1990–04/2003) that assessed the efficacy of pharmacological treatments for patients with bleeding peptic ulcers exhibiting high‐risk stigmata (Forrest Ia–IIb). Three groups of treatment were assessed: proton‐pump inhibitors given as high‐dose bolus followed by intravenous constant infusion (40–80 mg and at least 6 mg/h), high‐dose oral proton‐pump inhibitors (at least twice the standard dosage), non‐high‐dose proton‐pump inhibitors (other proton‐pump inhibitors dosing schedules). Mixed‐effect models were used to determine rate differences between treatment and control groups.Results:  Eighteen studies (1855 patients) were included. High‐dose intravenous proton‐pump inhibitors significantly reduced rebleeding (−14.6%), surgery (−5.4%) and mortality (−2.7%) compared with placebo, and rebleeding (−20.6%) compared with H2RA. Compared with placebo, high‐dose oral proton‐pump inhibitors significantly reduced only rebleeding (−11.8%), while non‐high‐dose proton‐pump inhibitor treatment significantly improved all three outcomes.Conclusions:  High‐dose intravenous proton‐pump inhibitor significantly decreases ulcer rebleeding, surgery and mortality. Early data on high‐dose oral proton‐pump inhibitor suggest improved rebleeding. The non‐high‐dose proton‐pump inhibitor regimens, including a broad range of dosing, also improved outcomes, suggesting that doses inferior to those in the high‐dose intravenous proton‐pump inhibitor may be effective.
Systematic review: the influence of geography and ethnicity in irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Kang J. Y. 
Published: March 2005

SummaryBackground:  Irritable bowel syndrome has been said to be less common in developing countries compared with western populations. In some case series of irritable bowel syndrome from the Indian subcontinent and Africa, the female predominance typical of western patients did not occur.Aim and Methods:  A systematic review was performed on Medline, of community prevalence studies of irritable bowel syndrome, chronic constipation and chronic diarrhoea using standardized criteria, with special reference to the effect of geography and ethnicity, and the gender distribution in different countries.Results:  There is a wide variation, depending in part on the criteria used and differences in diagnostic practices and health care utilization. No convincing evidence emerged of a difference between east and west. Most series, eastern or western showed a female predominance or no gender difference. Several US studies in communities and specific populations suggest that stool frequency is lower, and the prevalence of constipation higher, among Afro‐Caribbean Americans compared with white individuals.Conclusions:  Community studies in multi‐racial populations are a useful way of assessing possible ethnic differences in the frequency of irritable bowel syndrome, chronic constipation and diarrhoea, and would additionally present opportunities to relate any ethnic differences to dietary and other environmental factors.
Bison PRNP genotyping and potential association with Brucella spp. seroprevalence
Authors: Seabury C. M. , Halbert N. D. , Gogan P. J. P. , Templeton J. W. , Derr J. N. 
Published: March 2005

SummaryThe implication that host cellular prion protein (PrPC) may function as a cell surface receptor and/or portal protein for Brucella abortus in mice prompted an evaluation of nucleotide and amino acid variation within exon 3 of the prion protein gene (PRNP) for six US bison populations. A non‐synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (T50C), resulting in the predicted amino acid replacement M17T (Met→Thr), was identified in each population. To date, no variation (T50; Met) has been detected at the corresponding exon 3 nucleotide and/or amino acid position for domestic cattle. Notably, 80% (20 of 25) of the Yellowstone National Park bison possessing the C/C genotype were Brucella spp. seropositive, representing a significant (P = 0.021) association between seropositivity and the C/C genotypic class. Moreover, significant differences in the distribution of PRNP exon 3 alleles and genotypes were detected between Yellowstone National Park bison and three bison populations that were either founded from seronegative stock or previously subjected to test‐and‐slaughter management to eradicate brucellosis. Unlike domestic cattle, no indel polymorphisms were detected within the corresponding regions of the putative bison PRNP promoter, intron 1, octapeptide repeat region or 3′‐untranslated region for any population examined. This study provides the first evidence of a potential association between nucleotide variation within PRNP exon 3 and the presence of Brucella spp. antibodies in bison, implicating PrPC in the natural resistance of bison to brucellosis infection.
Leptin promoter mutations affect leptin levels and performance traits in dairy cows1
Authors: Liefers S. C. , Veerkamp R. F. , Te Pas M. F. W. , Delavaud C. , Chilliard Y. , Platje M. , van der Lende T. 
Published: March 2005

SummaryLeptin concentrations in body fluids and tissues undergo dynamic changes during the periparturient period. Polymorphisms in the leptin gene have been shown to be associated with differences in leptin concentration during late pregnancy but not during lactation. As the promoter of leptin regulates the expression of leptin, polymorphisms in this region could play an important role in the differences in leptin expression observed during the periparturient period. We sequenced the leptin promoter and discovered 20 SNP in a 1.6‐kbp region of the bovine leptin promoter. Fourteen of these SNP were genotyped for all animals and these were found to be associated with leptin concentrations during late pregnancy but not during lactation. Three of these SNP are located in a 135‐bp promoter region and together explained 14.3% of the variance in prepartum leptin concentrations which indicates that this region might be important for pregnancy‐induced leptin synthesis. In the association study of the 14 SNP with dairy traits three were separately found to be associated with fertility, energy balance and protein yield. These might serve as markers for future breeding programmes for better fertility and energy balance without significantly influencing milk yield in dairy cattle.