bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Realizing Red Mechanoluminescence of ZnS: Mn2+ Through Ferromagnetic Coupling
Authors: Liu Hongzhen , Zheng Yuantian , Liu Shengqiang , Zhao Jing , Song Zhen , Peng Dengfeng , Liu Quanlin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSelf‐recoverable mechanoluminescence (ML) is becoming a novel technology widely used in the fields of sensing, display, and artificial intelligence. The dominant ML material, ZnS: Mn2+, is reported to solely present a yellow emission color, which limits the applications of self‐recoverable ML materials to a large extent. Herein, an effective strategy to extend the ML emission range of ZnS: Mn2+ by the ferromagnetic coupling of Mn2+ ions are reported. Under the thermal carbon‐reduction atmosphere (TCRA), the emission ranges of ML, photoluminescence (PL), and persistent luminescence spectra of ZnS: Mn2+ phosphors are all successfully broadened from yellow to red. Furthermore, as for the PL and ML intensities of ZnS: Mn2+, they are intensified to 1.76 and 3.23 folds larger under the TCRA treatment than those in pure nitrogen, respectively. Various spectra and magnetic test results reveal that the red emission bands of ZnS: Mn2+ @TCRA phosphors originate from the ferromagnetic coupling of Mn2+ ions. This study is the first to realize strong red emission and tunable multicolor luminescence in the conventional ZnS‐based phosphors, which introduces opportunities for discovering the multiband emissions of Mn2+ ion in other compounds. Brightly multicolored ZnS: xMn2+ @TCRA elastic films have been fabricated to demonstrate their anti‐counterfeiting and security applications.
Intrinsically Stretchable Organic Photovoltaic Cells with Improved Mechanical Durability and Stability via Dual‐Donor Polymer Blending
Authors: Li Xin , Ke Huizhen , Li Sunsun , Gao Mengyuan , Li Saimeng , Yu Jinfeng , Xie Haijuan , Zhou Kangkang , Zhang Kai , Ye Long 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntrinsically stretchable organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) have garnered significant attention as crucial devices for powering next‐generation wearable electronics. Despite the rapid power conversion efficiency gains in champion OPVs, their brittle stretchability has failed to meet the demands of the Internet of Things era, severely hindering further development and practical applications. In this regard, a new dual‐donor polymer blending strategy is demonstrated for constructing intrinsically stretchable OPVs by designing a novel high‐molecular–weight conjugated polymer PM6‐HD. This PM6 derivative featuring long alkyl chains can reach a sufficiently high molecular weight and thus exhibits a high fracture strain exceeding 90%, which is ≈12 times higher than the benchmark PM6. Synergistic optimization of mechanical properties and photovoltaic performance in polymer:small molecule and all‐polymer systems constructed from the physical blends of PM6 and PM6‐HD is achieved. Crucially, the resulting intrinsically stretchable OPV demonstrates excellent stretchability and stability, with a record PCE80% strain of 50.3% and the efficiency retention of above 80% even after 1000 cycles of cyclic stretching at high strains. This work contributes to the advancement of intrinsically stretchable OPV technology and opens up new possibilities for its integration into wearable electronic devices.
Construction of Ag─Co(OH)2 Tandem Heterogeneous Electrocatalyst Induced Aldehyde Oxidation and the Co‐Activation of Reactants for Biomass Effective and Multi‐Selective Upgrading
Authors: Zhou Peng , Lv Xingshuai , Huang Huining , Cheng Baixue , Zhan Haoyu , Lu Yankun , Frauenheim Thomas , Wang Shuangyin , Zou Yuqin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe electrocatalytic oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) provides a feasible way for utilization of biomass resources. However, how to regulate the selective synthesis of multiple value‐added products is still a great challenge. The cobalt‐based compound is a promising catalyst due to its direct and indirect oxidation properties, but its weak adsorption capacity restricts its further development. Herein, by constructing Ag─Co(OH)2 heterogeneous catalyst, the efficient and selective synthesis of 5‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐furanoic acid (HMFCA) and 2,5‐furan dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) at different potential ranges are realized. Based on various physical characterizations, electrochemical measurements, and density functional theory calculations, it is proved that the addition of Ag can effectively promote the oxidation of aldehyde group to a carboxyl group, and then generate HMFCA at low potential. Moreover, the introduction of Ag can activate cobalt‐based compounds, thus strengthening the adsorption of organic molecules and OH− species, and promoting the formation of FDCA. This work achieves the selective synthesis of two value‐added chemicals by one tandem catalyst and deeply analyzes the adsorption enhancement mechanism of the catalyst, which provides a powerful guidance for the development of efficient heterogeneous catalysts.
Ultralong Cycling and Safe Lithium–Sulfur Pouch Cells for Sustainable Energy Storage
Authors: Chen Wei , Hu Yin , Liu Yuanpeng , Wang Shuying , Hu Anjun , Lei Tianyu , Li Yaoyao , Li Peng , Chen Dongjiang , Xia Li , Xue Lanxin , Yan Yichao , Lu Gongxun , Zhou Mingjie , Fan Yuxin , Yang Hui , Tao Xinyong , Wang Xianfu , Li Yanrong , Xiong Jie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhile layered metal oxides remain the dominant cathode materials for the state‐of‐the‐art lithium‐ion batteries, conversion‐type cathodes such as sulfur present unique opportunities in developing cheaper, safer, and more energy‐dense next‐generation battery technologies. There has been remarkable progress in advancing the laboratory scale lithium–sulfur (Li–S) coin cells to a high level of performance. However, the relevant strategies cannot be readily translated to practical cell formats such as pouch cells and even battery pack. Here these key technical challenges are addressed by molecular engineering of the Li metal for hydrophobicization, fluorination and thus favorable anode chemistry. The introduced tris(2,4‐di‐tert‐butylphenyl) phosphite (TBP) and tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBA+F−) as well as cellulose membrane by rolling enables the formation of a functional thin layer that eliminates the vulnerability of Li metal towards the already demanding environment required (1.55% relative humidity) for cell production and gives rise to LiF‐rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) to suppress dendrite growth. As a result, Li–S pouch cells assembled at a pilot production line survive 400 full charge/discharge cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.55% and impressive rate performance of 1.5 C. A cell‐level energy density of 417 Wh kg−1 and power density of 2766 W kg−1 are also delivered via multilayer Li–S pouch cell. The Li–S battery pack can even power an unmanned aerial vehicle of 3 kg for a fairly long flight time. This work represents a big step forward acceleration in Li–S battery marketization for future energy storage featuring improved safety, sustainability, higher energy density as well as reduced cost.
Facile Approach for Designing Icephobic Coatings Using Polymers/Silica Nanoparticle Composites via Self‐Formation of Superhydrophobic Surfaces
Authors: Patil Aravind H. , Trinh Ngoc Le , Do Hackwon , Gaiji Houda , Kang Youngho , Lee Joohan , Chung Changhyun , Lee Han‐Bo‐Ram 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIce accumulation and proliferation adversely affect the activities of various residential, commercial, and polar research stations. Although significant efforts are devoted to preventing ice adhesion to various surfaces by developing various anti‐icing coatings, it is still necessary to enhance overall performance and durability. Herein, a facile approach is proposed for fabricating an icephobic coating on an aluminum 6061 (Al) substrate, by coating a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)/ poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) composite through a spin‐coating method, followed by sprinkling of SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs). Crosslinker/binder‐free adhesion between PDMS and PTFE is achieved by utilizing secondary‐induced electrostatic dipole‐dipole interactions, these interactions are supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations as well as structural studies. Moreover, the controlled addition of PTFE powder to PDMS improves the water‐repellency, mechanical strength, and surface roughness of the coating. The self‐formation of the superhydrophobic state of the PDMS/PTFE composite is achieved by sprinkling SiO2 NPs. The sprinkled SiO2 NPs are protected by the PDMS/PTFE composite, which serves as a stress concentrator to achieve low ice adhesion. Furthermore, freezing at low temperatures can be delayed by controlling the heat flow rate, interfacial contact area, and surface texture. This indicates the feasibility of the proposed method for various promising anti‐icing applications.
Photochemical Synthesis of 1,4‐Dicarbonyl Containing Quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐Ones through Consecutive Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Xu Cong‐Lun , Bao Ye‐Peng , Xie Yang , Ye Hai‐Bing , Xuan Jun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHerein, we report a photochemical synthesis of 1,4‐dicarbonyl containing quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones through consecutive photoredox catalysed reactions. A wide range of C3‐modified quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones were obtained in 53–91% yields by this approach. Mechanistic studies including radical trapping, EPR studies, D‐labelling investigations, and many other control experiments well explained the proposed consecutive photoredox mechanism.
Lymphocyte‐Activation Gene 3 Facilitates Pathological Tau Neuron‐to‐Neuron Transmission
Authors: Chen Chan , Kumbhar Ramhari , Wang Hu , Yang Xiuli , Gadhave Kundlik , Rastegar Cyrus , Kimura Yasuyoshi , Behensky Adam , Kotha Sumasri , Kuo Grace , Katakam Sruthi , Jeong Deok , Wang Liang , Wang Anthony , Chen Rong , Zhang Shu , Jin Lingtao , Workman Creg J. , Vignali Dario A. A. , Pletinkova Olga , Jia Hongpeng , Peng Weiyi , Nauen David W. , Wong Philip C. , Redding‐Ochoa Javier , Troncoso Juan C. , Ying Mingyao , Dawson Valina L. , Dawson Ted M. , Mao Xiaobo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe spread of prion‐like protein aggregates is a common driver of pathogenesis in various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related Tauopathies. Tau pathologies exhibit a clear progressive spreading pattern that correlates with disease severity. Clinical observation combined with complementary experimental studies has shown that Tau preformed fibrils (PFF) are prion‐like seeds that propagate pathology by entering cells and templating misfolding and aggregation of endogenous Tau. While several cell surface receptors of Tau are known, they are not specific to the fibrillar form of Tau. Moreover, the underlying cellular mechanisms of Tau PFF spreading remain poorly understood. Here, it is shown that the lymphocyte‐activation gene 3 (Lag3) is a cell surface receptor that binds to PFF but not the monomer of Tau. Deletion of Lag3 or inhibition of Lag3 in primary cortical neurons significantly reduces the internalization of Tau PFF and subsequent Tau propagation and neuron‐to‐neuron transmission. Propagation of Tau pathology and behavioral deficits induced by injection of Tau PFF in the hippocampus and overlying cortex are attenuated in mice lacking Lag3 selectively in neurons. These results identify neuronal Lag3 as a receptor of pathologic Tau in the brain，and for AD and related Tauopathies, a therapeutic target.
Post‐disclosure distress among racial and ethnic groups in a preclinical AD trial
Authors: Ritchie Marina , Salazar Christian R. , Gillen Daniel L. , Grill Joshua D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONTrialists need a thorough understanding of whether reactions to Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker information differ among racial and ethnic groups in preclinical AD trials.METHODSWe used data from the Anti‐Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's Disease Study to analyze cognitively unimpaired participants’ responses on the Impact of Event Scale (IES) 24 to 72 hours after amyloid disclosure. We fit a linear regression model to test whether mean IES scores differed among participants from specific racial and ethnic groups. We considered potential effect modification by amyloid status.RESULTSReactions to disclosure did not significantly differ among participant groups based on self‐reported race and ethnicity. Although the results were not significant when stratified by amyloid status, all racial and ethnic groups except for participants self‐reporting Hispanic/Latino ethnicity were observed to have higher mean IES in the elevated amyloid group.DISCUSSIONThese results support continued use of current disclosure methods in preclinical AD trials.
Bidirectional Neuronal Actuation by Uncaging with Violet and Green Light
Authors: Sansalone Lorenzo , Zhao Jun , Nguyen Linh T. B. , Gupta Swati , Benson Deanna L. , Abe Manabu , Ellis‐Davies Graham C. R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe have developed a photochemical protecting group that enables wavelength selective uncaging using green versus violet light. Change of the exocyclic oxygen of the laser dye coumarin‐102 to sulfur, gave thio‐coumarin‐102, a new chromophore with an absorption ratio at 503/402 nm of 37. Photolysis of thio‐coumarin‐102 caged γ‐aminobutyric acid was found to be highly wavelength selective on neurons, with normalized electrical responses >100‐fold higher in the green versus violet channel. When partnered with coumarin‐102 caged glutamate, we could use whole cell violet and green irradiation to fire and block neuronal action potentials with complete orthogonality. Localized irradiation of different dendritic segments, each connected to a neuronal cell body, in concert with 3‐dimenional Ca2+ imaging, revealed that such inputs could function independently. Chemical signaling in living cells always involves a complex balance of multiple pathways, use of (thio)‐coumarin‐102 caged compounds will enable arbitrarily timed flashes of green and violet light to interrogate two independent pathways simultaneously.
Over 19 % Efficiency Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Manipulating the Intermolecular Interactions through Side Chain Fluorine Functionalization
Authors: Hu Huawei , Liu Shuai , Xu Jiaoyu , Ma Ruijie , Peng Zhengxing , Peña Top Archie Dela , Cui Yongjie , Liang Wenting , Zhou Xiaoli , Luo Siwei , Yu Han , Li Mingjie , Wu Jiaying , Chen Shangshang , Li Gang , Chen Yiwang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFluorine side chain functionalization of non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs) represents an effective strategy for enhancing the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, a knowledge gap persists regarding the relationship between structural changes induced by fluorine functionalization and the resultant impact on device performance. In this work, varying amounts of fluorine atoms were introduced into the outer side chains of Y‐series NFAs to construct two acceptors named BTP‐F0 and BTP‐F5. Theoretical and experimental investigations reveal that side‐chain fluorination significantly increase the overall average electrostatic potential (ESP) and charge balance factor, thereby effectively improving the ESP‐induced intermolecular electrostatic interaction, and thus precisely tuning the molecular packing and bulk‐heterojunction morphology. Therefore, the BTP‐F5‐based OSC exhibited enhanced crystallinity, domain purity, reduced domain spacing, and optimized phase distribution in the vertical direction. This facilitates exciton diffusion, suppresses charge recombination, and improves charge extraction. Consequently, the promising power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.3 % and 19.2 % were achieved in BTP‐F5‐based binary and ternary devices, respectively, surpassing the PCE of 16.1 % for BTP‐F0‐based OSCs. This work establishes a structure‐performance relationship and demonstrates that fluorine functionalization of the outer side chains of Y‐series NFAs is a compelling strategy for achieving ideal phase separation for highly efficient OSCs.
Synergetic Modulation of Steric Hindrance and Excited State for Anti‐Quenching and Fast Spin‐Flip Multi‐Resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorophore
Authors: Jin Jia‐Ming , Liu Denghui , Chen Wen‐Cheng , Shi Chengxiang , Chen Guowei , Wang Xiaofeng , Xing Longjiang , Ying Weidong , Ji Shaomin , Huo Yanping , Su Shi‐Jian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMulti‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) materials hold great promise for advanced high‐resolution organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) displays. However, persistent challenges, such as severe aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) and slow spin‐flip, hinder their optimal performance. We propose a synergetic steric‐hindrance and excited‐state modulation strategy for MR‐TADF emitters, which is demonstrated by two blue MR‐TADF emitters, IDAD‐BNCz and TIDAD‐BNCz, bearing sterically demanding 8,8‐diphenyl‐8H‐indolo[3,2,1‐de]acridine (IDAD) and 3,6‐di‐tert‐butyl‐8,8‐diphenyl‐8H‐indolo[3,2,1‐de]acridine (TIDAD), respectively. These rigid and bulky IDAD/TIDAD moieties, with appropriate electron‐donating capabilities, not only effectively mitigate ACQ, ensuring efficient luminescence across a broad range of dopant concentrations, but also induce high‐lying charge‐transfer excited states that facilitate triplet‐to‐singlet spin‐flip without causing undesired emission redshift or spectral broadening. Consequently, implementation of a high doping level of IDAD‐BNCz resulted in highly efficient narrowband electroluminescence, featuring a remarkable full‐width at half‐maximum of 34 nm and record‐setting external quantum efficiencies of 34.3 % and 31.8 % at maximum and 100 cd m−2, respectively. The combined steric and electronic effects arising from the steric‐hindered donor introduction offer a compelling molecular design strategy to overcome critical challenges in MR‐TADF emitters.
Microwave‐assisted synthesis, characterization, and application of tragacanth gum grafted copolymer as bioflocculant for the treatment of textile wastewater using coagulation‐flocculation technique: Swelling behavior and biodegradation studies
Authors: Shende Ashwini , Chidambaram Ramalingam 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study presents, the synthesis of microwave‐assisted biodegradable polyacrylamide grafted tragacanth gum (Tr‐g‐PAM), which was utilized as a bioflocculant to treat textile effluent and compared against the conventional flocculant. The reaction parameters for maximal grafting were optimized by varying the reaction factors. The grafting of acrylamide onto the backbone of Tragacanth gum was confirmed by FTIR, XRD, TGA, and SEM–EDX studies. Swelling studies were performed in deionized water and different salts. Tr‐g‐PAM exhibited pH and temperature‐dependent swelling behavior. Biodegradation studies of the graft copolymer were carried out by the soil composting method. Tr‐g‐PAM showed 91.54% degradation within 60 days, compared to Tragacanth, which degraded within 15 days. SEM techniques were used to describe various phases of biodegradation. Flocculation performances of the graft copolymers were evaluated in simulated colloidal wastewater. Influencing variables such as bioflocculant dosage, pH, and flocculation mixing speed were examined. The maximum decolorization at the optimum pH of 6 and 120 mg/L dosage was found to be 91.8% and 88.5% for Tr‐g‐PAM and Tragacanth. In conclusion, a biodegradable Tr‐g‐PAM with better flocculation efficiency than that of Tragacanth and other commercial flocculants would be a promising choice as an eco‐friendly adsorbent for the removal of contaminants from water resources.
Statistical and rheological evaluation of the effect of salts in partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide solutions
Authors: Santos Jonas F. , Santos Allan S. , de Oliveira Priscila F. , Santos Izabel C. V. M. , Mansur Claudia R. E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPartially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA) is the most common anionic copolymer used in Enhanced oil recovery (EOR), but the use of this polymer presents some limitations in the presence of divalent cations. The objective of this work was to evaluate the thermal stability of PHPA in brines containing Na+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ cations (isolated or combined). In this study, the PHPA used at a concentration of 2500 mgL−1 has a MW of 20 × 106 Da. The stability of the polymeric solutions was monitored through rheological analyses for 180 days at 70°C, in the absence of oxygen, using a central composite rotational design. In the absence of dissolved oxygen and cations, the PHPA solution was basically the same as that observed over a period of 30 days. It was observed that Ca+2 ion had the greatest influence on reducing the viscosity of PHPA in all cases. Polymeric solutions with Total dissolved solids (TDS) greater than 1000 mg L−1 showed complete degradation of the polymer in 180 days. The statistical data corroborate the rheological results, showing that only the main effect of Na+ was not statistically significant and that the concentrations of Mg2+ and Ca2+ presented statistically significant effects in their linear components and quadratic components.
A cultural reflection on animal welfare and its implication for modern Chinese society
Authors: Zhou Jeff 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChina has a rich cultural heritage spanning thousands of years, and the significance of animal welfare and sustainability are reflected in China's diverse traditional philosophies, beliefs, and literature. These concepts have shaped Chinese people's perception of nature and treatment of animals throughout history. In this article, we will explore how animal welfare and sustainability are reflected in traditional Chinese culture, and discuss their significance and implication in modern Chinese society.
Tannic acid extracted from gallnut improves intestinal health with regulation of redox homeostasis and gut microbiota of weaned piglets
Authors: Deng Zhang‐Chao , Wang Jie , Wang Juan , Yan Yi‐Qin , Huang Yu‐Xuan , Chen Chi‐Qing , Sun Lv‐hui , Liu Meng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of tannic acid (TA) derived from gallnut supplementation on growth performance and health status of weaned piglets. A total of 432 weanling piglets (7.05 ± 1.05 kg) were randomly allocated into 4 treatment groups with 6 replicates of 18 pigs/pen. Piglets were fed either a basal diet (CON), or basal diets supplemented with 1.5 kg/t TA, 3.0 kg/t TA, or 1.8 kg/t zinc oxide (ZnO) for 21 days. The results showed that, compared to the CON, dietary TA supplementation did not affect (p > 0.05) growth performance and serum biochemistry of weaned piglets. However, 3.0 kg/t TA had higher SOD, GPX, and CAT activities and a lower MDA concentration in the jejunum than those of the CON or the ZnO group. Meanwhile, 3.0 kg/t TA increased (p < 0.05) villus height and villus height/crypt depth, and decreased (p < 0.05) crypt depth in the small intestine. Dietary TA also downregulated (p < 0.05) IL‐1β and TNF‐α expression in jejunum. Furthermore, 3.0 kg/t TA reduced (p < 0.05) the abundance of Candidatus Brocadia and Escherichia‐Shigella in cecal digesta. Notably, both Candidatus Brocadia and Escherichia‐Shigella had a negative correlation with antioxidant enzymes activities (R < −0.60, p < 0.01), but Escherichia‐Shigella was positively correlated with MDA concentrations (R = 0.44, p < 0.05) in the jejunum. In conclusion, compared to the CON, 3.0 kg/t TA supplementation improved the gut health status of weaned piglets, potentially by regulating redox homeostasis and gut microbiota.