bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women leadership development in local governance in South and Southeast Asia: a critical analysis
Authors: Azizuddin Muhammad , Shamsuzzoha Ahm 
Published: September 2023

PurposeThe main goal of the study is to participate in academic debates and explore women's leadership and related challenges and opportunities in governance, and the extent to which women’s leadership has been enhanced by administrative reforms. The goal is to broaden the scope of action by promoting women's engagement and leadership in local government.Design/methodology/approachThis is a qualitative study that uses inductive content analysis to examine the relationship between administrative reforms and women’s leadership development in the context of local government in Southeast and South Asia.FindingsThere is a positive impact of administrative reforms on women's leadership development. There is evidence that women are preparing for leadership roles in administration, which is a sign of progress in political change and modernization of society. They have been empowered by political and administrative education in a transformative way.Research limitations/implicationsThis article contributes to the literature that expands knowledge about governance, female leadership and administrative reform. They are interrelated because they are precursors to the development of women's leadership in countries.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study can help governments in South and Southeast Asia become more aware of strategies to promote gender balance in governance. The unsatisfactory situation was found to exist because of problems related to socio-political, economic, cultural, and personal development.Originality/valueThis study is the first to highlight the relationship between administrative reform and the development of women in leadership positions in a rarely studied developing country.
Beyond labels: segmenting the Gen Z market for more effective marketing
Authors: Van den Bergh Joeri , De Pelsmacker Patrick , Worsley Ben 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify segments in the Gen Z population (born between 1996 and 2010) in Europe, the USA and Australia, based on brand- and lifestyle-related variables and perceptions about their online activities. This study explores how these segments differ and provide insights into cross-country similarities and differences.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was conducted with 4,304 participants, and cluster analysis and analysis of variance were used to identify and profile Gen Z segments in each of three geographical areas.FindingsFive segments in Europe and four segments in the USA and in Australia were identified. Segments differ in terms of the importance they attach to exclusivity, inclusivity and sustainability of brands, how Gen Z members perceive money issues and stand in life and how they perceive their online activities. Similar segments are found in the three geographical areas.Research limitations/implicationsThis study proposes a conceptual and analytical approach for exploring intra-cohort diversity. Future research can apply this approach to different generational cohorts and use it to study intra-cohort diversity in other parts of the world.Practical implicationsThis study provides input for marketing practitioners to create better focused and more effective campaigns.Originality/valueCross-country generational cohort research is scarce, and especially intra-cohort diversity is under-researched. This study offers a deep and fine-grained insight into the diversity of the Gen Z cohort across three geographical areas, based on representative samples in these areas.
Shifts in risk sensitivity and resource availability alter fat stores for a large mammal following extreme winter conditions
Authors: LaSharr Tayler N. , Jakopak Rhiannon P. , Bårdsen Bård‐Jørgen , Robinson Timothy J. , Dwinnell Samantha P. H. , Randall Jill , Kaiser Rusty C. , Thonhoff Mark , Scurlock Brandon , Fieseler Troy , Hymas Neil , Monteith Kevin L. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

For species that inhabit environments where resource availability may be unpredictable, balance of resource allocation to life‐history traits can have heightened consequences for survival, reproduction, and ultimately, fitness. Acquisition and allocation of energy to maintenance, capital gain and reproduction should be in tune with the landscape an animal inhabits—environmental severity, food availability and population size all influence the resources animals have and dictate the ways they should be allocated.

In seasonal environments, animals that experience periods of extreme resource limitation (e.g. harsh winters) may favour allocation of resources to body reserves to secure their survival at the cost of reproduction (i.e. risk averse). In contrast, the same accumulation of body reserves may not be necessary to survive in relatively benign landscapes where instead, allocation to reproduction is favoured (i.e. risk prone).

According to the theory of risk‐sensitive allocation of resources, when animals are exposed to unprecedented or life‐threatening conditions, they may shift resource allocation to favour building capital over allocation in reproduction to preempt against encountering another life‐threatening event in the future.

Using data from a long‐term project on a highly site‐faithful and long‐lived species, mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), we evaluated how a life‐threatening winter and the associated changes in resource availability resulting from a population reduction influenced how animals acquired and allocated energy to survival (i.e. fat accumulation).

Per capita precipitation, and the associated reduction in population abundance after the severe winter, had a positive influence of accrual of fat over summer. After the extreme physiological stress of a hard winter, deer starting spring with low body reserves accumulated 2.8 percentage points more fat over summer compared with before the experience of a bad winter and had an increased probability of recruiting fewer offspring. Fat stores can interact with environment, life history and behaviour to influence survival during periods of resource scarcity.

For a long‐lived herbivore, we documented shifts in risk tolerance associated with fat accrual in preparation for winter, supporting the notion that risk‐sensitive allocation of resources may be plastic—an essential adaptation for animals to cope with rapidly changing landscapes.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Consumers and nutrients alter colonization of an old field community independently and by distinct mechanisms
Authors: Heckman Robert W. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

As communities assemble, species establishment can be driven by multiple factors. Two such factors, nutrients and consumers, are predicted to interact, but few studies have explored whether this interaction results from synergistically altering the same biotic and abiotic mediators or complementarily altering different mediators.

To test this, I added seeds of multiple native species to old field communities in which I experimentally manipulated soil nutrients, leaf litter and consumers (insect herbivores and fungal pathogens). Using Bayesian hierarchical modelling, I evaluated the degree to which changes in light and water availability, fungal disease and insect herbivory, and community functional composition influenced seedling establishment and the richness of colonizing species and were driven by experimental treatments. I then examined whether nutrients, litter and consumers interactively determined the success of colonizing species with different resource allocation strategies.

Contrary to expectation, nutrient addition and consumer exclusion reduced, and litter removal increased, seedling establishment and colonizer richness independently and via different pathways. Also contrary to expectation, seedling resource allocation strategy did not interact with nutrient addition and consumer exclusion to alter establishment success. Rather, as community damage (foliar fungal disease + insect herbivory) increased, seedlings with high % leaf nitrogen (a proxy for an acquisitive resource allocation strategy) become increasingly disadvantaged relative to seedlings with low % leaf nitrogen (a proxy for a conservative resource allocation strategy).

Synthesis: These results indicate that seedling establishment is unlikely to be interactively impacted by nutrients and consumers (fungal pathogens + insect herbivores) because these two drivers act on different environmental pathways to influence community assembly.
Back to the Stone Age: Europe's Mainstream Right and Climate Change
Authors: Pearson Mitya 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhile populist radical right parties’ stances on climate change are well‐researched, accounts of Europe's mainstream right parties’ actions in this policy area are less common. This article provides a survey of the approach of four European centre‐right parties—the Christian Democratic Union in Germany, the Moderate Party in Sweden, the People's Party in Spain and the Austrian People's Party—to climate change in recent years. It examines some of the key strategic challenges that mainstream right parties are facing and their implications for climate policy, finding evidence of common approaches among this party family to climate policy.
Journey for a cure: Illness narratives of obstetric fistula survivors in North Central Nigeria
Authors: Degge Hannah M. , Laurenson Mary , Dumbili Emeka W. , Saxby Heidi , Hayter Mark 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObstetric fistula is a life transforming event resulting in embodied biographical disruption. Survivors suffer myriad long‐term physical and emotional consequences. This paper is an account of a narrative inquiry, conducted with 15 fistula survivors in North‐central, Nigeria, who described how their identities had been transformed by their condition. A narrative therapeutic approach, using Frank’s ‘chaos, restitution and quest’ typology, was used to map their recovery narratives. ‘Chaos’, described by Frank as the opposite of restitution, dominated, with women losing hope of recovery. Women’s shift towards ‘restitution’ began with treatment, but inadequate health‐care access often delayed this process. In their quest narratives, women’s life and identify changes enabled them to derive meaning from their experience of obstetric fistula within the context of their own lives. The findings highlight socio‐structural factors raising the risk of obstetric fistula, which in turn causes biographical disruption and hampers sufferers’ treatment and recovery. Rehabilitation should include income‐generating skills to bring succour to survivors, particularly those whose incontinence persists after repairs.
Comprehensive applications of metabolomics on tea science and technology: Opportunities, hurdles, and perspectives
Authors: Wen Mingchun , Zhu Mengting , Han Zisheng , Ho Chi‐Tang , Granato Daniel , Zhang Liang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the development of metabolomics analytical techniques, relevant studies have increased in recent decades. The procedures of metabolomics analysis mainly include sample preparation, data acquisition and pre‐processing, multivariate statistical analysis, as well as maker compounds’ identification. In the present review, we summarized the published articles of tea metabolomics regarding different analytical tools, such as mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, ultraviolet–visible spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The metabolite variation of fresh tea leaves with different treatments, such as biotic/abiotic stress, horticultural measures, and nutritional supplies was reviewed. Furthermore, the changes of chemical composition of processed tea samples under different processing technologies were also profiled. Since the identification of critical or marker metabolites is a complicated task, we also discussed the procedure of metabolite identification to clarify the importance of omics data analysis. The present review provides a workflow diagram for tea metabolomics research and also the perspectives of related studies in the future.
A charred body inside a burning car with a garden hose connected to the exhaust pipe: Post‐mortem self‐immolation, a complex or a complicated suicide after the ingestion of alcohol? The importance of an interdisciplinary approach
Authors: Simonit Francesco , Da Broi Ugo , Angeli Federica , Innocenti Dario , Desinan Lorenzo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe analysis of charred bodies represents a serious challenge for forensic pathologists, and an interdisciplinary approach is often the only way to determine the cause and manner of death. We present an unusual case in which the charred body of a 61‐year‐old man was found inside his burning vehicle. In order to determine cause and manner of death, an interdisciplinary team was employed, with experts in forensic pathology, forensic radiology, toxicology and fire investigations. Post‐mortem computed tomography, autopsy and toxicology ruled out the presence of trauma injury and detected signs of vital exposure to fire and blood alcohol levels. On the other hand, according to fire investigations, the fire started inside the car and partially burned fragments of a garden hose were found along the right side of the car. A suicide could therefore be hypothesized, with the man having attempted to poison himself with the car's exhaust fumes and having set the car on fire. The death was consistent with a complicated suicide in which the victim, in a state of reduced capability, accidentally set his car on fire and was unable to escape. The hypothesis of a complex suicide, with the car having been set deliberately on fire, could not, however, be ruled out.
Can the World Trade Organization Act as a Bulwark Against Deglobalization?
Authors: Evenett Simon J. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTWhether existing multilateral trade commitments really deter larger trading nations from taking steps that further weaken cross‐border commercial ties is assessed here. Evidence from salient commercial policy episodes of recent years is combined with information on the actual leeway available to G‐20 members under extant World Trade Organization rules. The upshot is a bleak assessment of the capacity of the existing multilateral trade rule book to rein in any attempt by larger trading nations to “deglobalize” the world economy.
Treatment of age‐related macular degeneration with aflibercept using a treat, extend and fixed protocol; A 4‐year study of treatment outcomes, durability, safety and quality of life (An extension to the MATE randomised controlled trial)
Authors: Airody Archana , Baseler Heidi A. , Seymour Julie , Allgar Victoria , Mukherjee Rajarshi , Downey Louise , Dhar‐Munshi Sushma , Mahmood Sajjad , Balaskas Konstantinos , Empeslidis Theo , Hanson Rachel L. W. , Dorey Tracey , Szczerbicki Tom , Sivaprasad Sobha , Gale Richard P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeData are limited pertaining to the long‐term benefits of aflibercept treatment for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (nAMD). The aim of this study was to provide outcomes, safety, durability and quality‐of‐life data with aflibercept using a modified treat, extend and fixed regime over 4 years.MethodsProspective, multicentre, single cohort observational study of treatment‐naïve nAMD participants treated with aflibercept as 2‐year extension of the MATE‐trial that compared early and late Treat‐and‐Extend for 2 years. Refracted ETDRS best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), treatment interval and adverse events were assessed. Quality‐of‐life was measured using the Macular Disease Dependent Quality of Life (MacDQoL) and Macular Disease Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaires (MacTSQ).ResultsTwenty‐six of 40 participants completing the MATE‐trial were enrolled with 20 completing the total 4‐year study. Mean BCVA was 60.7 at Month 0 and 64.8 ETDRS letters at Month 48 while CRT decreased from 423.7 μm to 292.2 μm. Five participants discontinued treatment due to inactivity. The mean number of treatments and visits for the remaining participants was 27 and 30.0, respectively, with treatment intervals extended to 12 weeks in four participants at Month 48. Both AMD‐specific QoL and treatment satisfaction remained stable between Months 0 and 48 and mean BCVA significantly correlated with AMD‐specific QoL scores at Months 12, 24 and 48.ConclusionsResults suggest that BCVA can be maintained over 48 months when following a treat‐extend‐and‐fix regimen of aflibercept with intervals out to 12 weeks, while maintaining AMD‐specific QoL and treatment satisfaction.
Ethical challenges in research on sexual dysfunction
Authors: Binik Ariella , Binik Yitzchak M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDespite more than a century of research on sexual dysfunction, there has been limited attention to ethical concerns. This is problematic because sex research involves complex ethical questions that generate confusion for ethics review and have not been addressed by ethical guidelines. We analyze two questions. First, does sexual content raise the risk profile of a research protocol? We argue that there is nothing inherent in sexual content that makes a study high risk and that many sexual dysfunction studies involve no more than minimal risk. Second, we ask whether research interventions that involve seeing participants undressed or having physical contact with a research subject are permissible? We argue that these interventions raise an important ethical challenge—they often involve sexual dysfunction researchers engaging in interventions that would not be conducted in their standard practice. To resolve this, we propose an expertise‐based account of the permissibility of sexual dysfunction research.
University students' digital spaces in online learning communities: Implications for understanding, protecting and maintaining privacy
Authors: Özer Şanal Seda , Çiçek Büşra 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn addition to learning effectively and effectively in online learning communities (OLCs), students must be in a secure environment and privacy must be respected. The study aimed to identify privacy violations that university students encounter in OLCs, and identify recommendations and some strategies to implement to ensure privacy at the OLC. A qualitative research method was applied in the study. First, focus group interviews were conducted with a total of 108 students who participated actively in the OLC. After analysing the interview data, a privacy violations report (RPV‐OLC) was prepared at the OLC. According to the RPV‐OLC, a problem description for the Delphi technique was designed and 17 experts were identified for the interview. Delphi panels with experts were completed in 5 months. The content analysis process was used for the data obtained. Students said they encountered information sharing and access, access to information, system/course settings, resistance to negotiations, communication problems and lack of knowledge. On the other hand, experts suggest that different suggestions and strategies could be implemented to ensure privacy in the OLC, such as partial privacy, mutual trust, contextual privacy agreements, role‐based or anonymous identity use, and privacy education. The study focused on defining the concept of privacy and student privacy violations in online learning environments and providing solutions for educators, students and system administrators.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

Digital learning environments pose a threat to the privacy of students.

The fact that privacy violations in the OLC can trigger concerns among students has a negative impact on learning processes.

There is high interest at the moment in how to plan the most effective teaching in online learning environments—but privacy is being neglected.

What this paper adds

This article explains the privacy violations university students encounter at the OLC.

This document contains guidelines on how to mitigate and prevent privacy violations in OLC.

The results of the study also provide suggestions for privacy protection at the OLC.

Implications for practice and/or policy

It is important that the instructors who participate in the OLC are informed about the necessary measures, rules, principles, activities and follow‐up measures to protect their personal privacy.

If we can overcome students' concerns about privacy violations at the OLC, we can create more comfortable learning spaces.

The aim of learning should not only be to peak performance; the most important responsibility of educators or system administrators is to preserve each student's private space, while at the same time achieving the best performance.
Cord blood transplantation for AML: Comparable LFS in patients with de novo versus secondary AML in CR1, an ALWP/EBMT study
Authors: Baron Frédéric , Nagler Arnon , Galimard Jacques‐Emmanuel , Sanz Jaime , Versluis Jurjen , Forcade Edouard , Chevallier Patrice , Sirvent Anne , Anthias Chloe , Kuball Jürgen , Furst Sabine , Rambaldi Alessandro , Sierra Jorge , von dem Borne Peter A. , Gallego Hernanz Maria Pilar , Cluzeau Thomas , Robinson Stephen , Raiola Anna Maria , Labussière‐Wallet Hélène , Byrne Jenny L. , Malfuson Jean‐Valère , Ruggeri Annalisa , Mohty Mohamad , Ciceri Fabio 
Published: October 2023

SummaryWe investigated whether secondary versus de novo acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) would be associated with poor outcomes in adult acute AML patients in first complete remission (CR1) receiving unrelated cord blood transplantation (CBT). This is a retrospective study from the acute leukaemia working party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Inclusion criteria included adult at first allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation between 2000 and 2021, unrelated single or double unit CBT, AML in CR1, no ex vivo T‐cell depletion and no post‐transplant cyclophosphamide. The primary end‐point of the study was leukaemia‐free survival (LFS). A total of 879 patients with de novo (n = 696) or secondary (n = 183) AML met the inclusion criteria. In multivariable analyses, sAML patients had non‐significantly different LFS (HR = 0.98, p = 0.86), overall survival (HR = 1.07, p = 0.58), relapse incidence (HR = 0.74, p = 0.09) and non‐relapse mortality (HR = 1.26, p = 0.13) than those with de novo AML. Our results demonstrate non‐significantly different LFS following CBT in adult patients with secondary versus de novo AML.