bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of H+/K+-ATPase Activity in Human Gastric Biopsy Specimens
Authors: Kocsis István , Vásárhelyi Barna , Tulassay Zsolt , Szabó Teréz , Vér Ágota , Tulassay Tivadar 
Published: October 2004

Abstract
The aim of our work was to develop a method to determine the the H+/K+-ATPase activity of human gastric biopsy samples.
Our method is based on the phosphatase activity and the K+-induceable property of the enzyme. K+-induceable pNPPase activity was determined from homogenated corpus and antrum biopsy samples. H+/K+-ase activity was calculated as the difference between the corpus and antrum K+-induceable pNPPase activities.
Quality control measurements were done during 20 successive days from pooled homogenates. The total, between-day and between-run, within-day and within-run coefficients of variations were between 10 and 16%. The healthy mean and reference range of K+-induceable pNPPase activity in the corpus was 95.8 (95% CI: 83.4–108.2 mU/mg protein); in the antrum it was 28.3 (21.6–35.0) mU/mg protein. The calculated H+/K+-ATPase activity was 67.2 (56.9–77.5) mU/mg protein. The measured activities were independent of the age and gender.
Summarizing our results we have concluded, that our novel method might be a potential tool to gather data about the functional acid producing capability of human gastric mucosa.
European Cerebrospinal Fluid Consensus Group a TeamRoom (Lotus Notes)-Based Communication Network
Authors: Shaw Patricia , Reiber Hansotto , Brennan Christopher 
Published: October 2004

Abstract
A group of clinical neurochemists from all over Europe used TeamRoom to share information and to trace their discussions in a computer network. TeamRoom is a Lotus Notes based groupware tool enabling collaboration amongst geographically dispersed teams. As a result of this work a picture is emerging in the virtual TeamRoom space that represents a new kind of consensus in the use of cerebrospinal fluid analysis for diagnosis of neurological diseases. This kind of consensus differs from the conventional written report in giving a more complex and potentially richer representation of the field, in which both common views and minority perspectives are revealed. If direct access to this work is made available to other clinical neurochemists for consultation via a website, they may see their own practice in a wider context. This approach to improving different evolving traditions is more suitable for a global multicultural environment than a singular view of best practice produced by a more traditional process of group discussion. We refer to the benefits of a mixture of face to face meetings, collaboration in TeamRoom and teleconferencing for work in a non-hierarchical, multicultural and multilingual group. We suggest that the TeamRoom concept is a valuable model for enhancing self-organized harmonization across the developing European Union.
Anti-β2-Glycoprotein I ELISA: Methodology, Determination of Cut-off Values in 434 Healthy Caucasians and Evaluation of Monoclonal Antibodies as Possible International Standards
Authors: čučnik Šaa , Ambrožič Aleš , Božič Borut , Skitek Milan , Kveder Tanja 
Published: October 2004

AbstractAntibodies against β2-glycoprotein I are among the most commonly detected subset of antiphospholipid antibodies. The inter-laboratory comparability of results is hardly possible due to methodological differences, lack of international standards and different cut-off values. We evaluated an ELISA for the detection of anti-β2-glycoprotein I using the analytical goals based on biological variations for similar analytes (immunoglobulins). By our ELISA we fulfilled the optimal (IgA, IgM) or minimal (IgG) analytical goals in longterm imprecision. The determination of cut-off values was based on the frequency distribution of results obtained on 434 healthy Caucasians. To aim at a better inter-laboratory comparability we tested two monoclonal antibodies as possible calibrators: HCAL (IgG) and EY2C9 (IgM). Binding properties determined by dilutional curves showed great similarities with polyclonal sera, used as in-house standards. Cut-off values were expressed by concentrations of IgG and IgM monoclonal antibodies (4.5 and 25.3 μg/l). Our study shows the possibility for a successful application of analytical goals based on biological variation even when data for a particular analyte are not available. The expression of cut-off values, obtained on a large scale Caucasian population, by the concentration of IgG and IgM monoclonal antibodies could make possible a more reliable inter-laboratory comparison of data.
Monoethanolamine (MEA) pulping of beech and spruce wood for production of dissolving pulp
Authors: Claus Iris , Kordsachia Othar , Schröder Nils , Karstens Ties 
Published: October 2004

Abstract
Delignification with the use of monoethanolamine (MEA) is an innovative, environmentally friendly chemical pulping process that, in contrast to conventional pulping methods, works without the use of sulphur compounds. Of particular benefit is the simple MEA recovery by distillation, allowing black liquor combustion to be dispensed with and the dissolved lignin to be gained. The MEA process is suitable for pulping both hardwood (e.g. beech) and softwood (e.g. spruce). Compared with conventional processes, the MEA process has the advantage of achieving a high degree of delignification through an increase in temperature during pulping without any appreciable damage to the cellulose. When manufacturing dissolving pulps, however, this specific selectivity of MEA requires the removal of the hemicelluloses in an additional stage, preferably by acid prehydrolysis. The conditions of this prehydrolysis step must be selected specifically to be in keeping with the ultimate use of the dissolving pulp, as this stage involves the cellulose chains being chemically attacked. The residual lignin is removed after pulping in a sequence of different bleaching stages. Substituting MEA for the sodium hydroxide solution required as a bleaching alkali in the oxygen delignification stage proves to be especially beneficial, as in this case the COD after bleaching can be considerably reduced by treating the bleaching filtrate from this stage jointly with the effluents from the MEA pulping process.
Histologic Evaluation of an Immediately Loaded Titanium Implant Retrieved from a Human After 6 Months in Function
Authors: Degidi Marco , Scarano Antonio , Piattelli Maurizio , Piattelli Adriano 
Published: October 2004

Abstract
Clinical and histologic studies have demonstrated that immediate loading can be successfully used in implant dentistry. Many factors are thought to be of importance in obtaining mineralized tissues at the interface. This study describes the implant interface of an immediately loaded implant with a conical implant-abutment connection that had been inserted in the posterior mandible for 6 months. Histology showed that mineralized tissue was present at about 74% ± 6% of the implant interface. No gaps, fibrous tissue, or inflammatory infiltrate were present at the interface. The bone adjacent to the implant was mainly lamellar (90% ± 4.5%). Tetracycline was used to label trabecular bone, and labeled bone was found in direct contact with the implant surface. The extensive labelling by tetracycline demonstrated a large quantity of newly formed bone at the implant interface. The distance between the 2 lines marked by tetracycline was 85 ± 5 mm. The results of this study show that immediately loaded dental implants can form mineralized tissues at the bone-implant interface.
Biomaterials, Biomechanics, Tissue Healing, and Immediate-Function Dental Implants
Authors: Lemons Jack E. 
Published: October 2004

Abstract
Selected factors and opinions are reviewed specific to immediate function of dental implants in terms of biomaterial and biomechanical properties and how they might influence postsurgical tissue healing. Comparisons are made among plate, rod, and screw vs plateau, finn, and porous geometry endosteal dental-implant designs with and without alterations in device body-surface microchemistry and microtopography. Available information introduces more questions than answers, and recommendations are made for ongoing studies of bone responses specific to the implant fit and fill parameters focused on the kinetics of postsurgical osteotomy healing and applied loading. The clinical literature supports opportunities for immediate function; however, proposals about pathways for bone healing need further investigation. The current trends within the discipline of implant dentistry offer opportunities to reevaluate current vs previous immediate-function systems.
Glasgow Aneurysm Score as a predictor of immediate outcome after surgery for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors:   Finnvasc Study Group, Korhonen S J , Ylönen K , Biancari F , Heikkinen M , Salenius J-P , Lepäntalo M 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was to assess the value of the Glasgow Aneurysm Score in predicting postoperative death after repair of a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).MethodsBetween 1991 and 1999, 836 patients underwent surgery for ruptured AAA. Their operative risk at presentation was evaluated retrospectively using the Glasgow Aneurysm Score, based on data from the nationwide Finnvasc registry.ResultsThe operative mortality rate was 47·2 per cent (395 of 836); 164 patients (19·6 per cent) had cardiac complications and 164 (19·6 per cent) required intensive care treatment for more than 5 days. Predictors of postoperative death in univariate analysis were: coronary artery disease (P = 0·005), preoperative shock (P &lt; 0·001), age (P &lt; 0·001), and the Glasgow Aneurysm Score (P &lt; 0·001). In multivariate analysis the predictors were: preoperative shock (odds ratio (OR) 2·13 (95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 1·45 to 3·11); P &lt; 0·001) and the Glasgow Aneurysm Score (for an increase of ten units: OR 1·81 (95 per cent c.i. 1·54 to 2·12); P &lt; 0·001). Receiver–operator characteristic (ROC) curves showed that the best cut-off value of the Glasgow Aneurysm Score in predicting postoperative death was 84 (area under the curve 0·75 (95 per cent c.i. 0·72 to 0·78), standard error 0·17; P &lt; 0·001). The operative mortality rate was 28·2 per cent (114 of 404) in patients with a Glasgow Aneurysm Score of 84 or less, compared with 65·0 per cent (281 of 432) in those with a score greater than 84 (P &lt; 0·001).ConclusionThe Glasgow Aneurysm Score predicted postoperative death after repair of ruptured AAA in this series.
Randomized clinical trial of intraoperative autotransfusion in surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Mercer K G , Spark J I , Berridge D C , Kent P J , Scott D J A 
Published: October 2004

Abstract

Background
Perioperative homologous blood transfusion (HBT) is associated with adverse reactions and risks transmission of infection. It has also been implicated as an immunosuppressive agent. Intraoperative autotransfusion (IAT) is a potential method of autologous transfusion.

Methods
This was a single-centre randomized clinical trial of IAT in surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Forty patients were randomized to IAT and 41 underwent surgery with HBT only. Patients in both groups received HBT to maintain haemoglobin levels above 8 g/dl. Transfusion requirements, and incidence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and infection, were compared.

Results
Significantly fewer patients in the IAT group required HBT (21 versus 31; P = 0·038) and the median blood requirement per patient was 2 units lower (P = 0·012). There was a higher incidence of chest infection (12 versus four patients; P = 0·049) and SIRS (20 versus nine patients; P = 0·020) in the HBT group. Risk of SIRS was related to aortic cross-clamp time in the IAT group only.

Conclusion
Use of autotransfusion effectively reduced the need for HBT and was associated with a reduced incidence of postoperative SIRS and infective complications.
Synthesis and Applications of OligonucleotideCarbohydrate Conjugates
Authors: Zatsepin Timofei S. , Oretskaya Tatiana S. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractNowadays, oligonucleotidecarbohydrate conjugates are used in antisense biotechnology and in the study of glycosylated DNA functioning in vitro. The application of mono‐ and disaccharide phosphoramidites, solid‐phase supports with immobilized carbohydrates, glycosylated nucleoside phosphoramidites, and postsynthetic conjugation of reactive sugar derivatives with oligonucleotides for preparation of oligonucleotidecarbohydrate conjugates have been systematically studied. The advantages and disadvantages of these approaches are considered. Possible strategies for synthesis of glycoclusters with different topologies conjugated to DNA are discussed. Applications of oligonucleotidecarbohydrate conjugates are highlighted. Studies of interactions of glycosylated oligonucleotides with proteins and effective cell‐specific delivery of oligonucleotidecarbohydrate conjugates are discussed.
Stereo‐ and Biochemical Profiles of the 5‐6‐ and 6‐6‐Junction Isomers of α‐D‐Mannopyranosyl [60]Fullerenes
Authors: Nishida Yoshihiro , Mizuno Akiko , Kato Haruhito , Yashiro Arihiro , Ohtake Tomoyuki , Kobayashi Kazukiyo 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe 5‐6‐ and 6‐6‐junction isomers of α‐D‐mannopyranosyl [60]fullerene were studied by means of circular dichroism (CD), deuterium labeling, 1H‐NMR, molecular‐dynamics (MD) calculations, and a lectin‐binding assay. The CD spectra of the O‐acetylated derivatives allowed clear discrimination of the isomers, while the 1H‐NMR spectra, with assistance from deuterium labeling and MD calculations, served to disclose the unique conformation and molecular geometry of each acetylated isomer in chloroform solution. The deprotected 5‐6‐ and 6‐6‐isomers, which gave colloidal suspensions in aqueous mixtures, displayed marked activity in blocking lectin‐induced hemagglutination by concanavalin A.
Oldhamiphylline A: a Novel Hexacyclic Alkaloid from Daphniphyllum oldhami
Authors: Chen Xin , Zhan Zha‐Jun , Yue Jian‐Min 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA novel Daphniphyllum alkaloid, oldhamiphylline A (1), together with five known alkaloids, deoxycalyciphylline B, deoxyisocalyciphylline B, calyciphylline, secodaphniphylline, and calycicine A, was isolated from the leaves of Daphniphyllum oldhami. The structure of 1 was established by spectroscopic methods, especially 2D NMR techniques (1H,1H‐COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY).
A New Type of Floral Oil from Malpighia coccigera (Malpighiaceae) and Chemical Considerations on the Evolution of Oil Flowers
Authors: Seipold Lars , Gerlach Günter , Wessjohann Ludger 
Published: October 2004

AbstractNew, partially acetylated dihydroxy fatty acids could be identified in the floral oil of Malpighia coccigera (Malpighiaceae): 7‐OAc,3‐OH 20 : 0, 7‐OAc,3‐OH 22 : 0, 9‐OAc,3‐OH 22 : 0, 9‐OAc,5‐OH 22 : 0, 3,9‐diOAc 22 : 0, 9‐OAc,3‐OH 24 : 0, and 11‐OAc,5‐OH 24 : 0. The substitution patterns of all hitherto undescribed dihydroxylated and additionally identified monohydroxylated fatty acids are in agreement with a polyketide analogous biosynthesis. Intermediates may be 3‐acetoxy fatty acids (C16, C18, and C20), known from flower secretions of other phylogenetically unrelated plant families. A possible relationship between plant epicuticular wax and floral oil biosynthesis is discussed. It may explain why an independent but convergent development of oil flowers and flower oils in unrelated plant families was possible.
Isomeric Eremophilane Lactones from Senecio tsoongianus
Authors: Zhao Yu , Jiang Hao , MacLeod Murray , Parsons Simon , Rankin David W. H. , Wang Peng , Cheng Christopher H. K. , Shi Hao , Hao Xiaojiang , Guéritte Françoise 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFrom the whole plant of Senecio tsoongianus, two pairs of epimers, tsoongianolides A (1) and B (2), and tsoongianolides C (3) and D (4), and two new sesquiterpene lactones, tsoongianolides E (5) and F (6), all of which possess the eremophilane skeleton, were isolated. Two known eremophilane dimers (7) and (8) were also obtained from this species. Their absolute structures were elucidated by 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR techniques and by X‐ray diffraction studies, along with chemical evidence.
Post‐Impact Assessment of Oil Pollution in Agbada West Plain of Niger Delta, Nigeria: Field Reconnaissance and Total Extractable Hydrocarbon Content
Authors: Osuji Leo C. , Adesiyan S. O. , Obute G. C. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractTypical post‐impact assessment of an oil‐spill‐impacted site in Agbada west plain of the Niger Delta basin of Nigeria was carried out 13 months after recorded incidence of spillage, using empirical indices of reconnaissance and extractable hydrocarbon content. Field‐reconnaissance surveys revealed lower species' numbers and diversity of surface and subterranean flora and fauna. The presence and absence of such plant species as Elaeis guineensis, Musanga cecropiodes, and Andropogon gayanus, as well as animal species like earthworms and nematodes in sampled plots, corroborated the evidence provided by the total extractable hydrocarbon content (of (2.53±0.43)×102 mg/kg and (2.00±0.76)×102 mg/kg at surface and subsurface depths, resp.) on the level of degradation and/or regeneration at the polluted site. The most important evidence that oiling must have been responsible, at least in part, for the reduction in species' number and diversity was provided by the plant cover, Andropogan gayanus, which occurred at a lower density of 0.9 plants/m2 in the oil‐impacted plots and 14.00 plants/m2 in the unimpacted reference plots of an adjacent, geographically similar area. The presence of this species on site thus presented a significant difference (P<0.05) of over 85%, and indicated exhaustion or impoverishment of impacted soils. Elaeis guineensis, with a population density of 0.1 stands/m2, provided evidence of past cultivation on site, while species like Musanga cecropioides, with a density of 0.5 stands/m2, at the unimpacted site, confirmed the abandonment of the farmstead over a long period of time. For the fauna, the most sensitive indicator of hydrocarbon toxicity was provided by nematode Xiphinema sp. that were completely absent in the oil‐impacted site.
Chemistry and Biodiversity
Authors: Schwabe Christian 
Published: October 2004

AbstractComplex structures produced by noncatalyzed multi‐step chemical processes must have highly probable origins and assembly routes. Within any frame of reference, life is easily the most‐complex self‐assembled structure known to man. It is not possible to calculate a finite time for biogenesis by statistical mechanics, but the abundance of life makes it reasonable to propose an accelerating principle of nature that naturally shortened the time for cell formation to a billion years or less. This hypothetical principle, which I have called valence‐orbital bias, is thought to be responsible for the discrepancy between statistics and observation, and carries with it, as a conditio sine qua non, multiple origins of life.The new concept resolves the differences between the predictions based on statistical mechanics and the relatively rapid appearance of life during the post‐accretion period. It suggests as well that species and variants, the units of propagation, may also have been the units of evolution. Produced in profusion by chemistry, the origins are culled by natural selection, whereby failure means extinction, not adaptation. Biodiversity, thus, becomes a direct consequence of chemistry without positive feedback from the environment and without a constructive role for mutation.
Emx1 and Emx2 cooperate to regulate cortical size, lamination, neuronal differentiation, development of cortical efferents, and thalamocortical pathfinding
Authors: Bishop Kathie M. , Garel Sonia , Nakagawa Yasushi , Rubenstein John L.R. , O'Leary Dennis D.M. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe homeobox transcription factors Emx1 and Emx2 are expressed in overlapping patterns that include cortical progenitors in the dorsal telencephalic neuroepithelium. We have addressed cooperation of Emx1 and Emx2 in cortical development by comparing phenotypes in Emx1; Emx2 double mutant mice with wild‐type and Emx1 and Emx2 single mutants. Emx double mutant cortex is greatly reduced compared with wild types and Emx single mutants; the hippocampus and dentate gyrus are absent, and growth and lamination of the olfactory bulbs are defective. Cell proliferation and death are relatively normal early in cortical neurogenesis, suggesting that hypoplasia of the double mutant cortex is primarily due to earlier patterning defects. Expression of cortical markers persists in the reduced double mutant neocortex, but the laminar patterns exhibited are less sharp than normal, consistent with deficient cytoarchitecture, probably due in part to reduced numbers of preplate and Reelin‐positive Cajal‐Retzius neurons. Subplate neurons also exhibit abnormal differentiation in double mutants. Cortical efferent axons fail to exit the double mutant cortex, and TCAs pass through the striatum and approach the cortex but do not enter it. This TCA pathfinding defect appears to be non‐cell autonomous and supports the hypothesis that cortical efferents are required scaffolds to guide TCAs into cortex. In double mutants, some TCAs fail to turn into ventral telencephalon and take an aberrant ventral trajectory; this pathfinding defect correlates with an Emx2 expression domain in ventral telencephalon. The more severe phenotypes in Emx double mutants suggest that Emx1 and Emx2 cooperate to regulate multiple features of cortical development. J. Comp. Neurol. 457:345–360, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Standardized immune monitoring for the prediction of infections after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in risk patients
Authors: Strohmeyer Jens‐Christian , Blume Christian , Meisel Christian , Doecke Wolf‐Dietrich , Hummel Manfred , Hoeflich Conny , Thiele Kathi , Unbehaun Axel , Hetzer Roland , Volk Hans‐Dieter 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundInfections are the most common cause of late complications in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery patients, and are difficult to predict. Here we studied the diagnostic value of a standardized immune monitoring program based on recent advances in flow cytometry (exact quantification of surface‐marker expression) and cytokine determination (semiautomatic systems).MethodsCPB patients (56) at risk for complications (age >70 years and/or preoperative left‐ventricular ejection fraction < 25 %) were classified into three groups: without (33), with suspected (14), and with confirmed (9) infection. Applying the Quantibrite™‐system, we daily quantified the expression of CD11b, CD64, CD71, CD86, and HLA‐DR on monocytes/granulocytes. Furthermore, the ex vivo secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α as well as the plasma interleukin (IL)‐10 levels were determined by a semiautomatic system. Ex vivo elastase release was measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsAll patients showed signs of granulocyte activation and monocyte deactivation. Monocytic HLA‐DR and plasma IL‐10 were the best markers to discriminate patients with infection from those without as early as day 1. Using a cutoff of 5792 HLA‐DR molecules per cell, both sensitivity and negative predictive value for patients who developed microbiologically confirmed infection was 1.0, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.85.ConclusionsOur data suggest that a standardized immune monitoring at day 1 might be useful for early discrimination of patients at elevated risk for infections. Cytometry Part B (Clin. Cytometry) 53B:54–62, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.