bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure and functional impact of glycosaminoglycan modification of HSulf-2 endosulfatase revealed by atomic force microscopy and mass spectrometry
Authors: Seffouh Ilham , Bilong Mélanie , Przybylski Cédric , El Omrani Nesrine , Poyer Salomé , Lamour Guillaume , Clément Marie-Jeanne , Boustany Rebecca-Joe , Gout Evelyne , Gonnet Florence , Vivès Romain R. , Daniel Régis 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe human sulfatase HSulf-2 is one of only two known endosulfatases that play a decisive role in modulating the binding properties of heparan sulfate proteoglycans on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix. Recently, HSulf-2 was shown to exhibit an unusual post-translational modification consisting of a sulfated glycosaminoglycan chain. This study describes the structural characterization of this glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and provides new data on its impact on the catalytic properties of HSulf-2. The unrevealed nature of this GAG chain is identified as a chondroitin/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) mixed chain, as shown by mass spectrometry combined with NMR analysis. It consists primarily of 6-O and 4-O monosulfated disaccharide units, with a slight predominance of the 4-O-sulfation. Using atomic force microscopy, we show that this unique post-translational modification dramatically impacts the enzyme hydrodynamic volume. We identified human hyaluronidase-4 as a secreted hydrolase that can digest HSulf-2 GAG chain. We also showed that HSulf-2 is able to efficiently 6-O-desulfate antithrombin III binding pentasaccharide motif, and that this activity was enhanced upon removal of the GAG chain. Finally, we identified five N-glycosylation sites on the protein and showed that, although required, reduced N-glycosylation profiles were sufficient to sustain HSulf-2 integrity.
Information encoded in volumes and areas of dendritic spines is nearly maximal across mammalian brains
Authors: Karbowski Jan , Urban Paulina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMany experiments suggest that long-term information associated with neuronal memory resides collectively in dendritic spines. However, spines can have a limited size due to metabolic and neuroanatomical constraints, which should effectively limit the amount of encoded information in excitatory synapses. This study investigates how much information can be stored in the population of sizes of dendritic spines, and whether it is optimal in any sense. It is shown here, using empirical data for several mammalian brains across different regions and physiological conditions, that dendritic spines nearly maximize entropy contained in their volumes and surface areas for a given mean size in cortical and hippocampal regions. Although both short- and heavy-tailed fitting distributions approach $$90-100\%$$

90
-
100
%

of maximal entropy in the majority of cases, the best maximization is obtained primarily for short-tailed gamma distribution. We find that most empirical ratios of standard deviation to mean for spine volumes and areas are in the range $$1.0\pm 0.3$$

1.0
±
0.3

, which is close to the theoretical optimal ratios coming from entropy maximization for gamma and lognormal distributions. On average, the highest entropy is contained in spine length ($$4-5$$

4
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5

bits per spine), and the lowest in spine volume and area ($$2-3$$

2
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3

bits), although the latter two are closer to optimality. In contrast, we find that entropy density (entropy per spine size) is always suboptimal. Our results suggest that spine sizes are almost as random as possible given the constraint on their size, and moreover the general principle of entropy maximization is applicable and potentially useful to information and memory storing in the population of cortical and hippocampal excitatory synapses, and to predicting their morphological properties.
Revisiting effects of teacher characteristics on physiological and psychological stress: a virtual reality study
Authors: Bardach Lisa , Huang Yizhen , Richter Eric , Klassen Robert M. , Kleickmann Thilo , Richter Dirk 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIdentifying personal characteristics associated with teachers’ stress is a longstanding research goal with important implications for practice. The present work revisits the effects of individual characteristics in terms of neuroticism, classroom management self-efficacy, and cognitive (reasoning) abilities on stress using virtual reality (VR). Relying on a sample of 56 German pre-service teachers (Mage = 22.73, SDage = 4.93; 50.9% females), we capitalized on a VR classroom environment that allowed the integration of experimental control and authentic teaching situations, where pre-service teachers responded to the disruptive behaviors of the student avatars. We focused on stress responses in terms of psychological stress (self-reported stress) assessed after the VR session, and physiological stress (heart rate) assessed during the VR session. A total of 30 (26) participants was assigned to a condition with higher (lower) levels of disruptive student behavior, referred to as higher and lower complexity condition, respectively. Results from linear mixed-effects models revealed that neuroticism positively predicted psychological and physiological stress responses in pre-service teachers, whereas classroom management self-efficacy and cognitive (reasoning) abilities were not significantly related to stress responses. Level of complexity and the interaction between complexity and individual characteristics did not have an effect. This study underlines the value of VR as a tool for psychological research and contributes to existing knowledge on teacher characteristics and stress.
A potent subset of Mycobacterium tuberculosis glycoproteins as relevant candidates for vaccine and therapeutic target
Authors: Yari Shamsi , Afrough Parviz , Yari Fatemeh , Ghazanfari Jajin Morteza , Fateh Abolfazl , Hadizadeh Tasbiti Alireza 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most afflictive bacterial infections globally. In high burden TB countries, surveillance, diagnosis and treatment of drug resistant TB (RR and X/MDRTB) display a crucial public health challenge. Therefore, we need new TB vaccines; diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to briskly prevent disease promotion; reduce drug-resistant TB and protect everyone from disease. The study identified various potent membrane and cell wall M. tuberculosis glycolipoproteins that are relevant for diagnostics, drug and vaccine discovery. A M. tuberculosis Proskauer and Beck broth culture was extracted for total proteins by ammonium sulfate method. After ConA-Affinity Chromatography reputed glycoproteins were collected followed by 2DE gel electrophoresis and LC Mass spectrometry. A total of 293 glycoproteins were identified using GlycoPP and IEDB database. Probable conserved trans-membrane protein (Rv0954), LpqN (Rv0583), PPE68 (Rv3873), Phosphate-binding protein (Rv0932c), PPE61 (Rv3532) and LprA (Rv1270c), had the highest glycosylation percentage value with 13.86%, 11.84%, 11.68%, 11.1%, 10.59% and10.2%, respectively. Our study discloses several dominant glycoproteins that play roles in M. tuberculosis survival, and immunogenicity. These include glycoproteins involved in antigenicity, transport and biosynthesis of M. tuberculosis cell envelope, pathogen-host interaction and drug efflux pumps, which are considered as a feasible drug targets or TB new vaccine candidates.
Optimized sample buffer for dispersed, high-resolution capillary zone electrophoretic separation of Escherichia coli B
Authors: Huge Bonnie Jaskowski , Kerr Caitlin M. , Wanigasinghe Sacheela , Champion Matthew M. , Dovichi Norman J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCapillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) is a powerful tool for high resolution chemical separations. Applying CZE to microbial samples may facilitate a deeper understanding of bacterial physiology and behavior. However, the study of complex microbial samples has been limited by the uncontrolled hetero-aggregation of bacterial cells under an applied electric field. We tested a wide range of sample buffers and buffer additives for the optimization of bacterial CZE separations using a 20 mM Tris–HCl background electrolyte. By modifying the sample buffer, but not the background electrolyte, we retain constant separation conditions, which aids in the comparison of the sample buffer additives. We report optimized methods for automated CZE separation and simultaneous fractionation of Escherichia coli B, which is one of the two most widely used wild-type strains. A modified sample buffer containing neutral salts and the addition of glycerol produced a 20-fold increase in loading capacity and a reduction in peak width/broadening of 86% in comparison to previously reported work. In addition, the glycerol-modified sample buffer appears to reduce the persistent aggregation and adhesion to the capillary walls during electrophoretic separations of complex environmental microbiota.
Key factors behind various specific phobia subtypes
Authors: Zsido Andras N. , Kiss Botond L. , Basler Julia , Birkas Bela , Coelho Carlos M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhile it has been suggested that more than a quarter of the whole population is at risk of developing some form of specific phobia (SP) during their lives, we still know little about the various risk and protective factors and underlying mechanisms. Moreover, although SPs are distinct mental disorder categories, most studies do not distinguish between them, or stress their differences. Thus, our study was manifold. We examined the psychometric properties of the Specific Phobia Questionnaire (SPQ) and assessed whether it can be used for screening in the general population in a large sample (N = 685). Then, using general linear modeling on a second sample (N = 432), we tested how potential socio-demographic, cognitive emotion regulatory, and personality variables were associated with the five SP subtypes. Our results show that the SPQ is a reliable screening tool. More importantly, we identified transdiagnostic (e.g., younger age, female gender, rumination, catastrophizing, positive refocusing) as well as phobia-specific factors that may contribute to the development and maintenance of SPs. Our results support previous claims that phobias are more different than previously thought, and, consequently, should be separately studied, instead of collapsing into one category. Our findings could be pertinent for both prevention and intervention strategies.
“Take Us Into Account”: Perspectives of Family Members of People With Parkinson's Disease Regarding Speech-Language Pathology Intervention
Authors: Baylor Carolyn , Cook Kate J. , McAuliffe Megan J. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
While communication changes associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) have been documented, research on the impact of these changes on family members is just beginning to emerge. With this new focus on family, questions arise as to how well speech-language pathology services address their needs communicating with their loved one with PD. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of family members of people with PD (PwPD) and their recommendations for speech-language pathology services that incorporated their needs.

Method:
Seventeen spouses/partners of PwPD participated in focus groups that were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analyses.

Results:
Three themes emerged, all focusing around the central tenet that the experiences of family members, and hence their need for speech-language pathology support, transitioned through the stages of PD progression. Theme 1 summarized increasing burdens on family to manage communication as PD progressed beyond a brief period of independent strategy use by PwPD. Theme 2 highlighted multifactorial contributors to communication burdens on families, with cognitive impairments being the most underrecognized. Theme 3 illustrated how families wanted more intervention options from speech-language pathologists (SLPs) that included them, but with a tailored approach for PD stages and personal preferences.

Conclusions:
When SLPs provide families with either generic communication strategies or strategies that do not fit the individualized needs of PwPD and their families, we may inadvertently be increasing the burden on families. There is a need for systematic, evidence-based, family-centered interventions that include, but go beyond, current speech-focused interventions to meet the shared communication needs of PwPD and their families.
Cosmic evolution of FRI and FRII sources out to z = 2.5
Authors: de Jong J. M. G. H. J. , Röttgering H. J. A. , Kondapally R. , Mingo B. , van Weeren R. J. , Best P. N. , Morabito L. K. , Magliocchetti M. , Oonk J. B. R. , Villarrubia-Aguilar A. , Vecchi F. F. 
Published: December 2023

Context. Radio-loud active galactic nuclei (RLAGN) play an important role in the evolution of galaxies through the effects on their environment. The two major morphological classes are core-bright (FRI) and edge-bright (FRII) sources. With the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR), we can now compare the FRI and FRII evolution down to lower flux densities and with larger samples than before.
Aims. Our aim is to examine the cosmic space density evolution for FRIs and FRIIs by analyzing their space density evolution between L150 ∼ 1024.5 W Hz−1 and L150 ∼ 1028.5 W Hz−1 and up to z = 2.5. In particular, we look at the space density enhancements and compare the FRI and FRII evolution with the total RLAGN evolution.
Methods. We constructed radio luminosity functions (RLFs) from FRI and FRII catalogues based on recent data from LOFAR at 150 MHz to study the space densities as a function of radio luminosity and redshift. These catalogues contain over 100 times the number of FRIs with associated redshifts greater than z = 0.3, compared to the most recent FRI/FRII RLF study. To derive the maximum distance according to which a source can be classified and to correct for detection limits, we conducted simulations of how sources appear across a range of redshifts.
Results. Our RLFs do not show any sharp transitions between the space density evolution of FRI and FRII sources as a function of radio luminosity and redshift. We report a space density enhancement from low to high redshift for FRI and FRII sources brighter than L150 ∼ 1027 W Hz−1. Furthermore, while we observe a tentative decrease in the space densities of FRIs with luminosities below L150 ∼ 1026 W Hz−1 and at redshifts beyond z = 0.8, this may be due to residual selection biases. The FRI/FRII space density ratio does not appear to evolve strongly as a function of radio luminosity and redshift.
Conclusions. We argue that the measured space density enhancements above L150 ∼ 1027 W Hz−1 are related to the higher gas availability in the earlier, denser universe. The constant FRI/FRII space density ratio evolution as a function of radio luminosity and redshift suggests that the jet-disruption of FRIs might be primarily caused by events occurring on scales within the host galaxy, rather than being driven by changes in the overall large-scale environment. The remaining selection biases in our results also highlight the need to resolve more sources at angular scales below 40″, thereby strengthening the motivation for further developing and automating the calibration and imaging pipeline of LOFAR data to produce images at a sub-arcsecond resolution.
Gaia FGK benchmark stars: Fundamental Teff and log g of the third version
Authors: Soubiran C. , Creevey O. L. , Lagarde N. , Brouillet N. , Jofré P. , Casamiquela L. , Heiter U. , Aguilera-Gómez C. , Vitali S. , Worley C. , de Brito Silva D. 
Published: December 2023

Context. Large spectroscopic surveys devoted to the study of the Milky Way, including Gaia, use automated pipelines to determine the atmospheric parameters of millions of stars. The Gaia FGK benchmark stars are reference stars with Teff and log 𝑔 derived through fundamental relations, independently of spectroscopy, to be used as anchors for the parameter scale. The first and second versions of the sample have been extensively used for that purpose, and more generally to help constrain stellar models.
Aims. We provide the third version of the Gaia FGK benchmark stars, an extended set intended to improve the calibration of spectroscopic surveys, and their interconnection.
Methods. We have compiled about 200 candidates that have precise measurements of angular diameters and parallaxes. We determined their bolometric fluxes by fitting their spectral energy distribution. Masses were determined using two sets of stellar evolution models. In a companion paper, we describe the determination of metallicities and detailed abundances.
Results. We provide a new set of 192 Gaia FGK benchmark stars with their fundamental Teff and log 𝑔, and with uncertainties lower than 2% for most stars. Compared to the previous versions, the homogeneity and accuracy of the fundamental parameters are significantly improved thanks to the high quality of the Gaia photometric and astrometric data.
A Study on the Influence of Tiktok Live Broadcast on College Students’ Purchase Intention
Authors: Wu Xiaohan , Ai Hongxia , Yi Baoer , Wang Xiaotong , Chen Nuo , Gao Mingruo 
Published: December 2023

Nowadays, the society is experiencing the rapid development of the Internet, entering the era of web3.0 at the same time. From the dual perspectives of the transformation of value of short video and the realization of the flow in the consumer society, short video live delivery has become the main channel of consumption under the circumstances of streaming media. This emerging online shopping method based on platforms such as Tiktok has also become a trend dominated by college students. The main concern of this study is individual personalized characteristics and flow experience of anchors, which is based on the SOR stimulus response model theoretically. Using the research method of questionnaire survey, college students in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao are selected as research samples to explore what factors affect college students' purchase intention when they watch Tiktok live streaming. In addition, the study analyzes the operating mechanism and underlying logic behind these influencing factors.
The study indicates that the streamer attractiveness have a positive effect on flow experience, while flow experience has a positive effect on purchase intention, and streamer attractiveness and purchase intention are positively correlated. Moreover, flow experience has a partial mediating effect in the relationship between the two factors. Therefore, we hope that consumers would have the ability to distinguish and discriminate when watching the live videos on Tiktok, maintain a rational consumption attitude, and reasonably purchase many non-professional products on the short video platform. The study also plays a guiding role in providing consumer products and services to producers.
Teaching culture in a competitive market
Authors: Benney Jonathan , Chan Philip Wing Keung , Gindidis Maria 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In 2012, the White Paper Australia in the Asian Century urged governments across Australia to improve access to Asian studies in schools. Despite this, schools still struggle to maintain interest and success for secondary students, particularly those without an Asian family background. In response to the low numbers of non-Chinese-background students graduating from secondary schools with proficiency in Chinese language, the Victorian government launched a new Chinese Language, Culture, and Society subject in 2017. This study focuses on the teaching of this subject, which is taken in the last two years of secondary schooling during the pre-tertiary Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE). Drawing upon interview data with administrators, teachers and students during the first years of its implementation, the article presents the views and challenges of stakeholders involved in this subject and argues that the inherent limitations of the VCE system will make it difficult for the new subject to achieve its stated aims.
English-medium instruction in multilingual university settings
Authors: Shao Lijie , Wilkinson Robert 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
To identify stakeholders’ conflicting interests regarding English-medium instruction (EMI) in multilingual
university settings, this cross-case study utilised part of the data from a larger project examining the perceptions and
experiences of stakeholders (i.e., students, teachers, and management) in business schools at a Chinese university and a Dutch
university. Semi-structured interview data from 20 second- and third-year students and 13 staff members comprising management and
teachers, both universities in total, were analysed using the ROAD-MAPPING framework. The results revealed conflicting interests
in both contexts but in different forms and with different causes. Students’ opinions at the Chinese university conflicted most
with teachers and management in terms of perceptions of counterparts’ English proficiency, while teachers at the Dutch university
revealed concerns about the position of the national language, Dutch, which was less emphasised by the administration. We discuss
these conflicting interests through the lens of Bourdieu’s capital theory, which posits a hierarchy of permanent conflicts in the
field of higher education. Drawing carefully on each case, we present generalised suggestions to inform EMI policy and practice
that could lessen conflicting interests among stakeholders.
Accessing the semantic and lexical information of constituents while typing compounds
Authors: Taikh Alexander , Gagné Christina , Spalding Thomas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A key question in research concerning the typing production of morphologically complex words is whether the whole
multimorphemic word is output ballistically or whether individual constituents are accessed during typing. To address this
question, we examined keystroke latencies during the production of English compounds (e.g., snowball) to test
whether the initiation and continued typing of each constituent (e.g., snow and ball) are
influenced by its linguistic properties (length, frequency, and semantic transparency). Participants identified and then typed a
compound word. We found that the initiation and continued typing of each constituent was influenced by the linguistic properties
of that constituent. However, the linguistic properties of the second constituent also influenced the typing latency of the final
letter of the first constituent, suggesting that production of the first constituent overlapped with accessing and planning the
keystrokes of the second constituent. The influence of the linguistic properties of the first constituent on its own initiation
and continued typing suggests that accessing and planning the keystrokes of the first constituent occurred as the compound word
was being identified. Our findings indicate that individual constituents are accessed during production and influence the typing
of compound words.