bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological Characteristics of Human Rabies in Urban and Suburban Districts in Shanghai, 2006–2021
Authors: Li Zhi , Hu Jiayu , Huang Zhuoying , Guo Xiang , Ren Jia , Qiu Jing , Ma Xiaoying , Yan Han , Huang Fang , Sun Xiaodong 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
Rabies is a vaccine-preventable, viral zoonotic disease caused by a lyssavirus. This study was aimed at analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of human rabies in Shanghai to provide valuable information to support accurate prevention and control.

Methods:
Individual-level data on human rabies and dog bites/attacks in Shanghai were collected from 2006 to 2021. Demographic characteristics, spatial and seasonal patterns, and correlations were analyzed to explore the epidemiological profiles. Infection risk was predicted with a Bayesian aggression model.

Results:
A total of 43 human rabies cases were registered in Shanghai in 2006–2021; the annual average incidence rate was 0.01/100000. Males and residents at ages of 10 to 19 years and over 50 years had an elevated risk of rabies. All cases were reported in suburban districts and peaked in July. The body parts most frequently injured by dogs were the hands (48.84%). The fatality rate was 100%. Most cases (86.05%) were not treated after exposure. A total of 310 dog bites/attacks were reported and significantly correlated with the number of cases (P=0.010). The predicted risk of human rabies was higher in suburban than urban areas.

Conclusion:
The incidence of human rabies in Shanghai was relatively low; nevertheless, risk still existed, particularly in suburban areas.
Nigerian women’s modern contraceptive use: evidence from NDHS 2018
Authors: Abubakar Ibrahim Banaru , Abubakar Hafsat Banaru 
Published: January 2024

Nigeria has the largest population in Africa, a high fertility rate, and unmet needs for family planning. Family planning is a key strategy for sustainable development. A good knowledge of factors that determine contraceptive uptake is imperative for policy formulation. A nationally representative secondary dataset of 41,821 women aged 15–49 years who participated in the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey was analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between various factors and the current use of modern contraceptives. The respondents’ average age was 35.9 ± 7.9 years. Overall, contraceptive prevalence was 16.6% for traditional methods and 12.2% for modern methods. Predictors of an increase in modern contraception use were age 40–44 (aOR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.75–1.53); being a working-class woman (aOR = 1.15, 95% CI: 0.99–1.33); living in an urban area (aOR = 1.14, 95% CI: 0.97–1.33); living in the South West (aOR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.03–1.79); increasing wealth (aOR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.66–0.93); and health insurance (aOR = 1.22, 95% CI: 0.89–1.68). Couple dynamics influencing modern contraceptive use were joint decision (aOR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.81–2.59), self-decision on health care (aOR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.06–1.70), and earning more than a partner (aOR = 1.14, 95% CI: 0.78–1.66). There are significant variations in contraceptive uptake attributable to socioeconomic and political inequalities, requiring a holistic approach to mitigate barriers and improve contraceptive uptake.

Lay summary
This study examined modern contraceptive use among 41,821 Nigerian women aged 15–49 using data from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. The average age of the participants was 36 years. The findings showed that 12.2% of women used modern contraceptive methods, while 16.6% used traditional methods. Factors influencing modern contraceptive use included being aged 40–44, being employed, living in urban areas, residing in the South West region, having higher wealth, and having health insurance. Couple dynamics also played a role, with joint decision-making, self-decision on health care, and higher earnings than a partner being associated with increased contraceptive use. The study highlights the importance of addressing socioeconomic and political disparities to improve access to and use of contraceptives for Nigerian women, ultimately contributing to sustainable development.
Development of polarity-reversed endometrial epithelial organoids
Authors: Ahmad Vakil , Yeddula Sai Goutham Reddy , Telugu Bhanu P , Spencer Thomas E , Kelleher Andrew M 
Published: January 2024

In brief
Polarity-reversed endometrial epithelial organoids exhibit histological and physiological characteristics resembling uterine epithelium in vivo, respond to hormones, and undergo secretory cell transformation. The ability to modify the polarity without impairing functionality, coupled with successful coculture with microbial and embryonic entities, paves the way for investigating complex interactions at the endometrial epithelial surface.

Abstract
The uterine epithelium comprises a single layer of hormone-responsive polarized epithelial cells that line the lumen and form tubular glands. Endometrial epithelial organoids (EEO) can be generated from uterine epithelia and recapitulate cell composition and hormone responses in vitro. As such, the development of EEO represents a significant advance in facilitating mechanistic studies in vitro. However, a major limitation of the use of EEO cultured in basement membrane extract and other hydrogels is the inner location of the apical membrane (apical-in EEO), thereby hindering direct access to the apical surface of the epithelium to study interactions with the embryo or infectious agents such as viruses and bacteria. To address this challenge, we developed a suspension culture method to reverse the polarity of EEO. The result is an apical-out organoid that preserves a distinct apical–basolateral orientation and remains responsive to ovarian steroid hormones. Apical-out EEO were positive for the gland marker, FOXA2, and exhibited appropriate hormonal regulation of steroid hormone receptor expression. Notably, progesterone treatment resulted in secretory transformation in apical-out EEO, including a decrease in microvilli and cilia, and an increase in secretory granules. Likewise, reflective of in vivo conditions, ENPP3, a P4-regulated gene, was localized apically in steroid hormone-treated organoids. Coculture experiments with apical out EEO demonstrate the model’s utility in studying uterine epithelium interactions with bacteria (E. coli) and blastocysts. The apical out EEO model lays the foundation for developing new in vitro functional assays, particularly regarding epithelial interactions with embryos during pregnancy or other luminal constituents in a pathological or diseased state.
Interfacility Transfer Outcomes Among Children With Complex Chronic Conditions: Associations Between Patient-Level and Hospital-Level Factors and Transfer Outcomes
Authors: Uthappa Diya M. , Ellett Tressa L. , Nyarko Tichelle , Rikhi Aruna , Parente Victoria M. , Ming David Y. , White Michelle J. 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES
Determine patient- and referring hospital-level predictors of transfer outcomes among children with 1 or more complex chronic conditions (CCCs) transferred to a large academic medical center.

METHODS
We conducted a retrospective chart review of 2063 pediatric inpatient admissions from 2017 to 2019 with at least 1 CCC defined by International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes. Charts were excluded if patients were admitted via any route other than transfer from a referring hospital's emergency department or inpatient ward. Patient-level factors were race/ethnicity, payer, and area median income. Hospital-level factors included the clinician type initiating transfer and whether the referring-hospital had an inpatient pediatric ward. Transfer outcomes were rapid response within 24 hours of admission, Pediatric Early Warning Score at admission, and hours to arrival. Regression analyses adjusted for age were used to determine association between patient- and hospital-level predictors with transfer outcomes.

RESULTS
There were no significant associations between patient-level predictors and transfer outcomes. Hospital-level adjusted analyses indicated that transfers from hospitals without inpatient pediatrics wards had lower odds of ICU admission during hospitalization (odds ratio, 0.46; 95% confidence interval, 0.22–0.97) and shorter transfer times (β-coefficient, −2.54; 95% CI, −3.60 to −1.49) versus transfers from hospitals with inpatient pediatrics wards. There were no significant associations between clinician type and transfer outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS
For pediatric patients with CCCs, patient-level predictors were not associated with clinical outcomes. Transfers from hospitals without inpatient pediatric wards were less likely to require ICU admission and had shorter interfacility transfer times compared with those from hospitals with inpatient pediatrics wards.
FEATURES OF THE LIPID PROFILE AND ADIPOSE TISSUE IN PATIENTS WITH CAROTID ARTERY STENOSIS ON THE BACKGROUND OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Tsygankov Denis A. , Polikutina Olga M. 
Published: January 2024

HighlightsIntra-abdominal adipose tissue thickness (IAAT) was statistically significantly greater in patients with hypertriglyceridemia compared to patients with normal triglyceride levels. Linear regression analysis confirmed the following findings: the greater the thickness of IAAT and preperitoneal fat thickness (PFT), the higher the levels of triglycerides and very-low-density lipoproteins.AbstractAim. To assess the lipid profile and distribution of adipose tissue (based on ultrasound parameters) and their role in the development of carotid artery stenosis in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods. Ultrasound parameters of adipose tissue in 125 patients, diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD), were studied. The average age of the patients was 68 (61.0; 74.0) years old. The sample was represented predominantly by males (58.4%).Results. It was determined that in patients who did not reach the target levels of triglycerides (TG), the thickness of the IAAT is 15 mm more than in patients with the adequate level of this indicator (p = 0.031). Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) values also exceeded the values ​​in individuals with low HDL levels (p = 0.050), in contrast to patients with normal HDL. Linear regression analysis (after adjusting for gender and age) showed that the increase in IAAT thickness was associated with the increase in TG (b = 0.002, p = 0.028) and VLDL (b = 0.001, p = 0.023). It was also found that only 43.4% of the examined individuals received lipid-lowering therapy, and 17.3% received an adequate dose of statins (reached the target LDL values).Conclusion. No statistically significant patterns were found between the achievement of lipid targets and the presence of carotid stenosis. An extremely low percentage of patients taking adequate lipid-lowering therapy (17.3%) was determined, and the proportion of the people with carotid stenosis who reached the target levels of total cholesterol was 58.4%, TG – 79.3%, HDL – 31.7%, LDL – 12.2%. The thickness of the IAAT is statistically significantly higher in individuals with hypertriglyceridemia, in contrast to patients with normal TG levels. The tendencies towards statistical significance of PFT indicators in individuals with hypertriglyceridemia, minimum and maximum SAT values, depending on the level of HDL, were determined. Linear regression analysis confirmed the data obtained: the higher the thickness of IAAT and PFT, the higher the levels of TG and VLDL.
STUDY OF RISK FACTORS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES AND CENTRAL HEMODYNAMICS IN SENIOR STUDENTS
Authors: Gorenkov Roman V. , Yakushin Mikhail A. , Aleksandrova Oksana Yu. , Ivanitskiy Ludwig V. , Vasilyeva Tatyana P. , Mashinskiy Aleksey A. 
Published: January 2024

HighlightsThe article examines the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and the state of central hemodynamics (CHD) in senior students. Aim. To study the risk factors for CHD and CVD in senior students with the aim of early detection of arterial hypertension (AH) and the implementation of therapeutic and prophylactic measures.Methods. The study involved 223 senior students of medical universities in Moscow aged 20-27 years (the mean age was 22.8±0.17 years). The following cardiovascular risk factors were assessed for each student: age, gender, smoking, physical activity, genetic predispositions; body mass index. The indicators of CHD were studied by volumetric compression oscillometry using a portable automated software-hardware complex for non-invasive research of central hemodynamics (“SHCNIR CHD vco-“Globus” device).Results. The presence of CVD risk factors in senior students was revealed in 52.5% of cases; more than two risk factors were found in 19.3% of cases; 1st degree arterial hypertension (AH) in 11.2% of cases; “white coat hypertension” in 10.8% of cases; genetic predisposition to CVD in 30.0% of cases; overweight in 17.0% of cases; obesity in 5.4% of cases; low physical activity in 23.8% of cases; smoking in 16.1% of cases. An altered CHD profile was found in 62.1% of students. An increase in total peripheral vascular resistance at normal blood pressure levels was noted in 31.8% of cases. Indicators of total peripheral vascular resistance, mean blood pressure, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in the group of students with CHD risk factors.Conclusion. Outpatient follow-up groups should include students with established risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, diagnosed AH, and with altered indicators of CHD. Preventive examinations should include a simple method for studying hemodynamics – compression oscillometry.
Accounting for the Variability of Earthquake Rates within Low-Seismicity Regions: Application to the 2022 Aotearoa New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model
Authors: Iturrieta Pablo , Gerstenberger Matthew C. , Rollins Chris , Van Dissen Russ , Wang Ting , Schorlemmer Danijel 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTThe distribution of earthquakes in time and space is seldom stationary, which could hinder a robust statistical analysis, particularly in low-seismicity regions with limited data. This work investigates the performance of stationary Poisson and spatially precise forecasts, such as smoothed seismicity models (SSMs), in terms of the available training data. Catalog bootstrap experiments are conducted to: (1) identify the number of training data necessary for SSMs to perform spatially better than the least-informative Uniform Rate Zone (URZ) models; and (2) describe the rate temporal variability accounting for the overdispersion and nonstationarity of seismicity. Formally, the strict-stationarity assumption used in traditional forecasts is relaxed into local and incremental stationarity (i.e., a catalog is only stationary in the vicinity of a given time point t) along with self-similar behavior described by a power law. The results reveal rate dispersion up to 10 times higher than predicted by Poisson models and highlight the impact of nonstationarity in assuming a constant mean rate within training-forecast intervals. The temporal rate variability is translated into a reduction of spatial precision by means of URZ models. First, counting processes are devised to capture rate distributions, considering the rate as a random variable. Second, we devise a data-driven method based on geodetic strain rate to spatially delimit the precision of URZs, assuming that strain/stress rate is related to the timescales of earthquake interactions. Finally, rate distributions are inferred from the available data within each URZ. We provide forecasts for the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model update, which can exhibit rates up to ten times higher in low-seismicity regions compared with SSMs. This study highlights the need to consider nonstationarity in seismicity models and underscores the importance of appropriate statistical descriptions of rate variability in probabilistic seismic hazard analysis.
Reevaluating Earthquake Fatalities in the Taiwan Region: Toward More Accurate Assessments
Authors: Shi Yang , Li Yilong , Zhang Zhenguo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Earthquakes occurring in the Taiwan region have the potential to cause significant damage and loss of life. To ensure an effective emergence response and mitigate the impact of seismic events, it is imperative to develop an earthquake fatality prediction model that incorporates the Taiwan region’s seismic background, geological context, and socioeconomic level. This research article analyzes 35 historically damaging earthquakes in the Taiwan region, considering their fatality records, macroseismic intensities (modified Mercalli shaking intensity scale), and population exposure, to propose a specific seismic fatality ratio applicable to the Taiwan region. The model incorporates adjustments based on the gross national income per capita to address temporal and spatial disparities resulting from socioeconomic development. The predicted results highlight the superior performance of this fatality estimation model compared to other existing models. Furthermore, the earthquake fatality estimation model for the Taiwan region differs significantly from the models employed for South China and Qinghai–Tibet, suggesting variations in geological background, earthquake-resistant structures, and seismic resilience of society between the Taiwan region and mainland China. Moreover, a comparison with the U.S. Geological Survey model for the Taiwan region reveals that previous evaluations of the Taiwan region earthquakes greatly underestimated the number of fatalities.
Gender Equality in the Middle of the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Labor Market
Authors: Setyari Ni Putu Wiwin , Saskara Ida Ayu Nyoman , Suwitanty Ananda Putri Pratama , Lestari Gusti Ayu Putu Sinta Dewi 
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the digitization process in service systems and manufacturing industries in most countries, although at varying speeds. This was triggered by social distancing requirements and other COVID-19-related regulations imposed by governments around the world, including Indonesia. Digital technology is widely regarded as a promising means of promoting gender equality in education, the labor market, access to finance, and health care. This study is aimed at examining whether there are significant differences between female and male workers in the labor market and the digital access they have during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research design used is quantitative. The objects in this study are female and male workers in the province of Bali. In general, the results here confirm indications of increasing gender inequality in Bali. Gender issues are often ignored in gender-related research because technology is believed to be gender-neutral. Male workers have higher productivity than female workers in the labor market. The gender approach argues that technology is not neutral, but dependent on culture. Technology reflects the society that creates it. Access to (and effective use of) technology is affected by a spectrum of exclusions that intersect including gender, ethnicity, age, social class, geography, and disability. The power relations that exist in society determine the enjoyment of the benefits of ICTs, therefore they are not gender-neutral.
Agroecological assessment of fallow soils in the north‐west of the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Gumerov A. F. , Nizamutdinov T. I. , Abakumov E. V. , Suleymanov R. R. 
Published: January 2024

Aim. To analyse samples of fallow soils in the north‐west of the Republic of Bashkortostan in order to identify the main characteristics and properties of the soil cover. Material and Methods. Field studies were carried out in November 2021 and August 2022. A key site was chosen, an abandoned agricultural land in the territory of the Nizhnekaryshevsky village council of the Baltachevsky district. During the work, 45 soil samples were taken from the PY horizon (depth 10–20 cm). A morphological description of the soil was also carried out for the key area studied. During laboratory studies, the following properties were investigated: actual acidity, potential acidity, organic matter content, basal soil respiration. Results. The results obtained showed the spatial heterogeneity of the distribution of soil cover properties (actual and potential acidity, basal respiration, carbon and humus content) in the study area. Such heterogeneity is formed under the influence of a complex of physical and geographical factors. Conclusion. In the future, our research will also be devoted to the study of fallow lands on grey forest soils. Emphasis should be placed on studying the relationship between soil cover properties and plant communities and geological and geomorphological conditions. The study of various physical and geographical factors affecting the soil cover will make it possible to describe in more detail the entire mechanism and evolution of soils of abandoned agricultural lands.
Analysis of modern problems of cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of environmental management and environmental safety
Authors: Levykin S. V. , Padalko Yu. A. , Chibilev A. A. 
Published: January 2024

Aim. The problems of cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of nature management and environmental safety are considered. Possible directions for the development of cooperation both at the interstate and interregional levels of border territories are presented. Purpose is to analyse the current state of cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of environmental management and environmental safety. Material and Methods. The main results were obtained using a systematic approach through field geographical research, comparative historical and comparative typological analysis, etc. Materials regarding water resources, reservoirs and statistical indicators of the dynamics and structure of water use were used. Results. The main problems in the field of nature management and environmental safety of the two countries were identified. The prospects of interstate cooperation between Russia and Kazakhstan at the interstate and regional levels on transboundary environmental problems and sustainable use of land and water resources, protection of wildlife are identified and substantiated. Based on a retrospective analysis of the experience of interaction between the two countries and possible prospects for cooperation, concepts and directions for the development of strategic partnership in field of cross‐border nature management and environmental safety of transboundary water bodies, and the conservation of migratory species of wildlife are proposed. Conclusions. The modern post–virgin space is confidently transforming into an agro‐export one – an analogue of the virgin one at a new technological and climatic stage with an export orientation in the face of new challenges. The further development of this space should be based on the optimisation of agriculture and water use, taking into account the preservation of natural diversity.