bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis Orientation Achievement of National Education Goals Through Freedom of Learning Policy
Authors: Kemas Imron Rosadi  , Anatun Nisa Mun'amah  
Published: October 2023

The background of this paper is For discuss about analysis orientation achievements objective education national through policy independent learn. this study important as base direction implementation education in Indonesia. in the review process use library research method with method gather information form journal, book as well as appropriate literature with theme, then in the analysis in a manner deductive and interpretive, so produce A conclusion that policy independent Study is something step appropriate For reach suitable ideal education with objective education national that is prepare generation tough, smart, creative, and has character in accordance with values Indonesian nation. However in achievement Of course need collaboration cross stakeholders education, and engagement active parents as well as society.
KOMUNIKASI DAKWAH WALI KOTA BENGKULU DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KOTA BENGKULU MENJADI KOTA RELIGIUS
Authors: Aksar Pandes 
Published: October 2023

Perkembangan digital yang kuat telah merubah tatanan kehidupan bermasyarakat. Menyebabkan kelalaian akan pentingnya ajaran Agama Islam. Dampak yang ditimbulkan membuat masyarakat mengalami degradasi pengetahuan akan ajaran Agama Islam dan adat istiadat budaya lokal. Maka tindakan seorang da’I sekaligus pejabat publik dalam berkomunikasi untuk berdakwah kepada masyarakat. Komunikasi seorang pemimpin tentu menjadi penentu untuk membangkitkan semangat masyarakat dalam mewujudkan Madani yang unggul dan berkelanjutan.
Helmi Hasan walikota Bengkulu bertugas membangun komunikasi dakwah terhadap masyarakat kota bengkulu untuk mewujudkan kota religius. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi komunikasi dakwah wali kota bengkulu dalam mewujudkan kota religius. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi.
Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa proses komunikasi dakwah yang dibangun oleh helmi hasan melalui 4 elemen yang dikategorikan menurut model komunikasi Berlo. Pertama, Source yang dijadikan dalam penelitian ini yakni helmi hasan dengan kriteria penilaian mulai dari keterampilan bicara, sikap yang ditampilkan, Pengetahuan yang dikuasai dan sistem sosial yang dibangun. Kedua, pesan yang disampaikan oleh helmi hasan yang kemudian dianalisis melalui beberapa faktor yakni: isi pesan yang disampaikan, elemen yang terkandung dalam pesan dan gestur tubuh yang digunakan. Ketiga, Channel yang dijadikan penelitian mengambil media sosial helmi hasan yang digunakan dalam berdakwah dan menyampaikan kebijakan yang dilakukan. Keempat, penerima pesan dalam penelitian ini yakni masyarakat kota bengkulu itu sendiri. Kegiatan dakwah yang dilakukan secara kolektif ini, memudahkan Mahyeldi Ansharullah dalam melakukan pendekatan melalui komunikasi interpersonal yang dibangun bersama masyarakat dengan pendekatan secara struktural maupun kultural.
Alteraciones tempranas del perfil lipídico y del índice Triglicérido/HDL-C en lactantes menores de 2 años con sobrepeso y obesidad
Authors: Cabello Sánchez Almendra , Martínez Peralta Melissa , Pereyra Angulo Samuel 
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: Evaluar las alteraciones tempranas del perfil lipídico y del índice triglicérido/HDL-C en lactantes menores de 2 años de edad con sobrepeso y obesidad.
Material y métodos: Estudio transversal analítico que incluyó lactantes de 6 meses a 2 años de edad atendidos por sobrepeso y obesidad en el HCH entre diciembre (2018) hasta julio (2019), con historia clínica completa, antropometría y perfil lipídico. Se definió sobrepeso (Z-IMC entre 2-3DE) y obesidad (Z-IMC>3DE). El perfil lipídico se determinó mediante el método colorimétrico. Se consideró niveles aceptables: Triglicéridos<75mg/dL, HDL-C>45 mg/dL, colesterol total< 170 mg/dL y LDL- C<110mg/dL. Se consideró nivel elevado de TG/HDL-C≥2.32. Se realizó estadística descriptiva, chi cuadrado y prueba exacta de Fisher, considerándose significativo p<0.05 se utilizó paquete estadístico STATA 15.
Resultados: Fueron incluidos al análisis 32 lactantes. Sobrepeso (36.4%) y obesidad (63.6%), edad media: 1.1±0.4 años, varones (53.1%), LME (75%), GEG (18.7%), madre obesa (37.5%), padre obeso (46.9%), algún familiar de primer grado obeso (81.2%). Respecto al perfil lipídico: niveles de triglicéridos elevados (65.6%), niveles bajos de HDL-C (84.4%), niveles elevados de LDL-C (37.5%) y colesterol total elevado (40.6%). El índice triglicérido/HDL-C≥2.32: lactantes con sobrepeso (45.4%) y en obesos (66.7%) (p=0.28). No se encontró diferencia significativa del índice triglicérido/HDL-C por sexo (p=0.47) ni por tipo de lactancia (p=0.67).
Conclusiones: Las alteraciones tempranas y frecuentes del perfil lipídico en lactantes con sobrepeso y obesidad fueron los niveles elevados de triglicéridos y HDL-C bajos, los cuales generan altos porcentajes de lactantes con índice de triglicérido/HDL-C elevado. Se requieren más estudios para interpretar estos hallazgos e implementar medidas preventivas desde edades tempranas.
Abordagem breve para mudanças no estilo de vida na atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Barroso Viviane , Souza Camila Hallack , Souza Christiane Fernanda Garcia , Foureaux Filomena Magda Fernandes , Oliveira Heloísa Magalhães de , Jorge Jussandra Araújo 
Published: October 2023

Introdução: O estudo apresenta intervenção pautada na Psicologia Comportamental para o alcance de mudanças no estilo de vida, no âmbito da Atenção Primária. O cuidado em saúde pressupõe a responsabilidade ética de criar intervenções que contribuam para mudanças no estilo de vida, eficazes para geração de valor para pacientes e sistemas de saúde. Objetivo: Apresentar estratégia de abordagem breve para apoio à adoção de estilos de vida saudáveis. Metodologia: Foi realizado estudo descritivo, observacional, prospectivo e longitudinal de intervenção desenvolvida de outubro de 2022 a agosto de 2023. A abordagem possui três atendimentos pré-formatados, de 45 minutos, aproximadamente, conduzidos com flexibilidade e centralidade no paciente. A satisfação foi monitorada no decorrer do processo e após um e três meses. Resultados: Foram abordados 110 pacientes, homens e mulheres, com idade entre 21 e 76 anos, com ou sem problemas de saúde. Considerada a prontidão para a mudança, 37 (33,6%) seguiram no projeto. Dos 37 pacientes, 7 (19%) não completaram o processo. Os 30 (81%) que concluíram o processo alcançaram e mantiveram a mudança almejada após 30 dias da intervenção. Após 90 dias, 25 pacientes (83%) mantinham a mudança. 48% dos pacientes incorporaram, por conta própria, novos comportamentos saudáveis, além dos idealizados. Os pacientes referiram o valor da experiência para o autocuidado. A nota obtida por meio do Net Promoter Score (NPS), após 90 dias, foi 9,79. Conclusões: A abordagem breve foi capaz de gerar mudanças no estilo de vida, configurando-se como estratégia inovadora e personalizável, com potencial para imprimir qualidade ao cuidado e influenciar a relação profissional-paciente.
Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Biofilm-producing Escherichia coli Strains from Water Sources Around Major Slum in Port Harcourt City, Nigeria
Authors: Kpormon L. B.  , Ogbonna, D. N.  , Wemedo, S. A.  , Williams, J. O.  , Douglas I. S.  
Published: October 2023

Slum is characterized by uncontrollable development around urban areas, with huge settlements from migrants from the rural areas for greener pastures. This situation is associated with increasing environmental problems predisposing the inhabitants to public health problems. This study was therefore aimed to assess the prevalence and resistance patterns of biofilm-producing E. coli strains in water sources around major slums in Port Harcourt city. A total of three hundred and sixty water samples including surface water (120), Borehole water (120) and well water (120) samples were collected from five different slums namely: Bundu, Egede, Enugu, Ibadan and Etche watersides over a period of twelve months. The water samples were processed and screened for the presence of E. coli using standard microbiological techniques. The isolates were subjected to biofilm production assays and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Results revealed that out of the 360 water samples, 291 (80.8%) were positive for Escherichia coli across the three water sources; 120 (100%) for surface water, 98(81%) for well water and 73(60%) for borehole water. Further analysis revealed that out of the 291 Escherichia coli isolates from the three water sources, 180(62%) were positive for biofilm production, 90(31%) showed moderate biofilm production while 21(7%) were non- biofilm producing strains. The antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that the biofilm-producing E. coli exhibited high levels of resistance to commonly used antibiotics, including Augmentine, Ceftazidime, Cefuroxime, and Cloxacillin. The percentage resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from water sources in Bundu, Egede, Enugu, Etche and Ibadan watersides, were 100% resistant to Ceftazidime (CAZ) and Cefuroxime (CRX) respectively. For Cloxacillin (CXM), Escherichia coli showed resistance for Enugu and Ibadan (82.5%), Etche and Egede (79.2%) and Bundu (66%). Whereas Escherichia coli isolated from Bundu, Enugu, and Ibadan watersides were 100% while those isolated from Egede, and Etche were 75% resistant to Augmentin. On the other hand, Escherichia coli from Etche and Egede watersides were both 8.3 and 15% resistant to Gentamycin. However, Escherichia coli was 100% susceptible to Nitrofurantoin, Ofloxacin and Ceftriaxone across the five slums. E. coli strains are usually described as indicator organisms which indicate faecal pollution. The high prevalence of biofilm-producing E. coli and their resistance to multiple antibiotics suggest that the inhabitants are highly predisposed to the risk of water related and water-borne diseases and therefore need urgent intervention strategies to prevent the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in these areas.
Performance-Emission Analysis of a CI Engine Operating on D95 Diesel-n-Butanol Mixtures: An Experimental and Simulation Approach
Authors: Agboneni, O.  , Adekunle, S. O.  , Ejilah, I. R.  
Published: October 2023

Aims: This study aims to analyze the impact of diesel-n-butanol fuel blends on the performance and emissions of a 4-stroke diesel engine, with an emphasis on assessing the efficiency and emissions improvements of the D95 blend through experimentation and simulation procedures.
Study Design: Performance evaluation was conducted in compliance with SAE J1349 test standards, using a Tec-Quipment TD110-115 4-stroke engine running at 1500 rpm. The GT-Power simulation toolkit was also employed to analyze different loads, using the D95 diesel-n-butanol blend and conventional diesel fuel.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted over a span of 2 months at the Automotive Engineering Technology Workshop, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Nigeria.
Methodology: The study followed the SAE J1349 test protocol, utilizing a D95 diesel-n-butanol blend and conventional diesel fuel. Engine setup, performance, and emissions were assessed through experimental procedures and GT-Power simulations. Despite its lower calorific value, the D95 blend exhibited performance comparable to that of diesel fuel.
Results: The combined findings from both experimental and simulation analyses provided insights into the effects of n-butanol-diesel blends on engine attributes, combustion, and emissions. However, simulated torque and brake power consistently exceeded experimental values as the engine load increased. While the D95 blend exhibited brake power comparable to that of diesel fuel, it also improved performance efficiency, fuel economy, and reduced emissions. Therefore, it is expected to promote sustainability and environmentally friendly fuel choices in the transportation sector.
Conclusion: The synergy of experimental and simulation results offers valuable insights into the effects of the diesel-n-butanol blend on engine performance, emissions, and fuel efficiency, while also improving the power output potential and providing sustainable fuel options.
GM1 ganglioside exerts protective effects against glutamate‐excitotoxicity via its oligosaccharide in wild‐type and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis motor neurons
Authors: Lunghi Giulia , Di Biase Erika , Carsana Emma Veronica , Henriques Alexandre , Callizot Noelle , Mauri Laura , Ciampa Maria Grazia , Mari Luigi , Loberto Nicoletta , Aureli Massimo , Sonnino Sandro , Spedding Michael , Chiricozzi Elena , Fazzari Maria 
Published: October 2023

Alterations in glycosphingolipid metabolism have been linked to the pathophysiological mechanisms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons. Accordingly, administration of GM1, a sialic acid‐containing glycosphingolipid, is protective against neuronal damage and supports neuronal homeostasis, with these effects mediated by its bioactive component, the oligosaccharide head (GM1‐OS). Here, we add new evidence to the therapeutic efficacy of GM1 in ALS: Its administration to WT and SOD1G93A motor neurons affected by glutamate‐induced excitotoxicity significantly increased neuronal survival and preserved neurite networks, counteracting intracellular protein accumulation and mitochondria impairment. Importantly, the GM1‐OS faithfully replicates GM1 activity, emphasizing that even in ALS the protective function of GM1 strictly depends on its pentasaccharide.
2022 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Prevention and Treatment of Glucocorticoid‐Induced Osteoporosis
Authors: Humphrey Mary Beth , Russell Linda , Danila Maria I. , Fink Howard A. , Guyatt Gordon , Cannon Michael , Caplan Liron , Gore Sara , Grossman Jennifer , Hansen Karen E. , Lane Nancy E. , Ma Nina S. , Magrey Marina , McAlindon Tim , Robinson Angela Byun , Saha Sumona , Womack Charles , Abdulhadi Basma , Charles Julia F. , Cheah Jonathan T. L. , Chou Sharon , Goyal Itivrita , Haseltine Katherine , Jackson Lesley , Mirza Reza , Moledina Iram , Punni Emma , Rinden Tim , Turgunbaev Marat , Wysham Katherine , Turner Amy S. , Uhl Stacey 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThe objective is to update recommendations for prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis (GIOP) for patients with rheumatic or nonrheumatic conditions receiving >3 months treatment with glucocorticoids (GCs) ≥2.5 mg daily.MethodsAn updated systematic literature review was performed for clinical questions on nonpharmacologic, pharmacologic treatments, discontinuation of medications, and sequential therapy. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was used to rate the certainty of evidence. A Voting Panel achieved ≥70% consensus on the direction (for or against) and strength (strong or conditional) of recommendations.ResultsFor adults beginning or continuing >3 months of GC treatment, we strongly recommend as soon as possible after initiation of GCs, initial assessment of fracture risks with clinical fracture assessment, bone mineral density with vertebral fracture assessment or spinal x‐ray, and Fracture Risk Assessment Tool if ≥40 years old. For adults at medium, high, or very high fracture risk, we strongly recommend pharmacologic treatment. Choice of oral or intravenous bisphosphonates, denosumab, or parathyroid hormone analogs should be made by shared decision‐making. Anabolic agents are conditionally recommended as initial therapy for those with high and very high fracture risk. Recommendations are made for special populations, including children, people with organ transplants, people who may become pregnant, and people receiving very high‐dose GC treatment. New recommendations for both discontinuation of osteoporosis therapy and sequential therapies are included.ConclusionThis guideline provides direction for clinicians and patients making treatment decisions for management of GIOP. These recommendations should not be used to limit or deny access to therapies.
In Situ Atomic‐Scale Evidence of Unconventional Plastic Behavior at The Crack Tip in AuCu Nanocrystals
Authors: Yang Chengpeng , Fu Libo , Ma Yan , Wang Zhanxin , Li Dongwei , Shao Ruiwen , Wu Ziqi , Zhang Ze , Zhai Yadi , Li Ang , Wang Lihua , Han Xiaodong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the plastic behavior of crack tips is crucial for improving the fracture toughness of nanometals. Although many studies are carried out, most previous studies focus on pure metals, and how the crack tip accommodates the plastic deformation of highly concentrated solid‐solution alloys is unclear owing to a lack of direct atomic‐scale evidence. In this study, the atomic‐scale plastic behavior of the crack tip in face‐centered cubic (FCC) AuCu alloy nanocrystals is observed in situ, which provides direct evidence that plastic deformation is governed by the generation of deformation twins and hexagonal close‐packed (HCP) 2H and 4H phases, recurrence of reversible FCC‐HCP phase transitions, and detwinning, which are rarely observed in pure metals. This unusual behavior originates from the inherent chemical inhomogeneity of the AuCu alloy, which inhibits twin thickening via partial dislocations on the adjacent plane, instead of random generation of deformation twins, phase transitions, and reversible processes. This naturally implies a similar behavior at the crack tip in other highly concentrated solid‐solution alloys, including high‐medium‐entropy alloys, providing important insights that greatly improve the understanding of the fracture toughness of metallic materials.
Lead‐Free Halide Perovskite Materials and Optoelectronic Devices: Progress and Prospective
Authors: López‐Fernández Iago , Valli Donato , Wang Chun‐Yun , Samanta Subarna , Okamoto Takuya , Huang Yi‐Teng , Sun Kun , Liu Yang , Chirvony Vladimir S. , Patra Avijit , Zito Juliette , De Trizio Luca , Gaur Deepika , Sun Hong‐Tao , Xia Zhiguo , Li Xiaoming , Zeng Haibo , Mora‐Seró Iván , Pradhan Narayan , Martínez‐Pastor Juan P. , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter , Biju Vasudevanpillai , Debnath Tushar , Saliba Michael , Debroye Elke , Hoye Robert L. Z. , Infante Ivan , Manna Liberato , Polavarapu Lakshminarayana 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHalide perovskites, in the form of thin films and colloidal nanocrystals, have recently taken semiconductor optoelectronics research by storm, and have emerged as promising candidates for high‐performance solar cells, light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), lasers, photodetectors, and radiation detectors. The impressive optical and optoelectronic properties, along with the rapid increase in efficiencies of solar cells and LEDs, have greatly attracted researchers across many disciplines. However, most advances made so far in terms of preparation (colloidal nanocrystals and thin films), and the devices with highest efficiencies are based on Pb‐based halide perovskites, which have raised concerns over their commercialization due to the toxicity of Pb. This has triggered the search for lower‐toxicity Pb‐free halide perovskites and has led to significant progress in the last few years. In this roadmap review, researchers of different expertise have joined together to summarize the latest progress, outstanding challenges, and future directions of Pb‐free halide perovskite thin films and nanocrystals, regarding their synthesis, optical spectroscopy, and optoelectronic devices, to guide the researchers currently working in this area as well as those that will join the field in the future.
Thermally‐Induced Degradation in PM6:Y6‐Based Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Alam Shahidul , Aldosari Haya , Petoukhoff Christopher E. , Váry Tomáš , Althobaiti Wejdan , Alqurashi Maryam , Tang Hua , Khan Jafar I. , Nádaždy Vojtech , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter , Welch Gregory C. , Laquai Frédéric 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThermally induced degradation of organic photovoltaic devices hinders the commercialization of this emerging PV technology. Thus, a precise understanding of the origin of thermal device instability, as well as identifying strategies to circumvent degradation is of utmost importance. Here, it investigates thermally‐induced degradation of state‐of‐the‐art PBDB‐T‐2F (PM6):BTP (Y6) bulk heterojunction solar cells at different temperatures and reveal changes of their optical properties, photophysics, and morphology. The open‐circuit voltage and fill factor of thermally degraded devices are limited by dissociation and charge collection efficiency differences, while the short‐circuit current density is only slightly affected. Energy‐resolved electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements reveal that thermally degraded samples exhibit a higher energy barrier for the charge‐transfer state to charge‐separated state conversion. Furthermore, the field dependence of charge generation, recombination, and extraction are studied by time‐delayed collection field and transient photocurrent and photovoltage experiments, indicating significant bimolecular recombination limits device performance. Finally, coupled optical‐electrical device simulations are conducted to fit the devices’ current‐voltage characteristics, enabling us to find useful correlations between optical and electrical properties of the active layers and device performance parameters.
Defect Passivation Efficacy of 2D Perovskite Interlayer for Perovskite Sky‐Blue Emission Toward High Device Efficiency
Authors: Wang Zongpu , Peng Xuefeng , Chen Wei , Su Zhenhuang , Wang Yafei , Diao Zecheng , Qin Chaochao , Niu Lianbin , Gao Xingyu , Yang Xiaohui 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe deviated crystallization kinetics of solution‐processed perovskite layers caused by the bottom interface is a barrier to comprehensively suppressing the defect formation and further to efficaciously improve the film quality and device performance. Herein, it is reported that the incorporation of a PEA2PbBr4 interlayer can effectively modify the crystallization process of the quasi‐2D mixed‐halide perovskite layers, resulting in enhanced Lewis acid‐base interaction and improved film homogeneity, which contributes to the strong defect passivation efficacy toward efficient sky‐blue emission. As a result, the devices with the bottom‐interface modification show a maximum external quantum efficiency of 14.2%, impressively an outstanding power efficiency of 17.0 lm W−1, and an external quantum efficiency of 12.3% at 1000 cd m−2. This work provides an insight into crystallization kinetics for defect suppression of the perovskite layer and further highlights the defect passivation efficacy of 2D perovskite‐based bottom‐interface modification toward high‐efficiency sky blue‐emitting diodes.