bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Miscarriage after SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Velez Maria P. , Fell Deshayne B. , Shellenberger Jonas P. , Kwong Jeffrey C. , Ray Joel G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the risk of miscarriage following SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination, while accounting for the competing risk of induced abortion.DesignPopulation‐based cohort study.SettingOntario, Canada.ParticipantsWomen aged 15–50 years with a confirmed pregnancy at ≤19 completed weeks’ gestation.MethodsExposure to first SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination, handled in a time‐varying manner, was defined as (i) unvaccinated, (ii) remotely vaccinated >28 days before the estimated conception date or (iii) recently vaccinated ≤28 days before conception and up to 120 days after conception.Main outcome measuresThe outcome was miscarriage, occurring between the estimated date of conception and up to 19 completed weeks of pregnancy. Fine‐Grey hazard models, accounting for the competing risk of induced abortion, generated hazard ratios (aHR), adjusted for socio‐demographic factors, comorbidities, and biweekly periods.ResultsIncluded were 246 259 pregnant women, of whom 34% received a first SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination. Miscarriage occurred at a rate of 3.6 per 10 000 person‐days among remotely vaccinated women and 3.2 per 10 000 person‐days among those recently vaccinated, in contrast to a rate of 1.9 per 10 000 person‐days among unvaccinated women, with corresponding aHR of 0.98 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91–1.07) and 1.00 (95% CI 0.93–1.08).ConclusionsSARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination was not associated with miscarriage while accounting for the competing risk of induced abortion. This study reiterates the importance of including pregnant women in new vaccine clinical trials and registries, and the rapid dissemination of vaccine safety data.
Perceptions of work–life balance and gender issues in private radiology in Australia
Authors: Seal Alexa N , Hayter Catherine L , Singh Neha 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionWomen comprise almost 30% of practising clinical radiologists in Australia. Despite three‐quarters of clinical radiologists working in private practice, there is limited research regarding the experience of female radiologists in private practice and issues surrounding work–life balance. The primary aim of this study was to identify gender issues within private radiology and investigate work–life balance, focusing on issues relevant for female practitioners.MethodsClinical radiologists working in private practice at five major Australian private radiology service providers were sent an email on behalf of the researchers, containing study information and a link to an online questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, chi‐square analysis and Fisher's exact test were used. Binary logistic regression was used to determine odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Responses to short‐answer questions were analysed manually and grouped into themes.ResultsThere were consistent gender differences in perceptions of gender and its implication upon working and career progression in radiology private practice. There was near unanimous agreement that private radiologists should be able to work flexible/reduced working hours for a proportionate decrease in pay. Two themes with distinct gender differences related to pay equity and transparency. Key themes relating to work–life balance for private radiologists included workload, setting boundaries and flexibility of work hours in private radiology.ConclusionThis preliminary survey highlights areas related to work–life balance and gender issues relevant for female practitioners in private practice radiology in Australia that can be targeted for further investigation and improvement, namely pay equity and transparency, and part‐time leadership opportunities.
Well‐controlled disease activity with drug treatment will not improve the frailty status of RA patients to robust state: A multicenter observational study (T‐FLAG)
Authors: Ohashi Yoshifumi , Takahashi Nobunori , Sobue Yasumori , Suzuki Mochihito , Sato Ryo , Maeda Masataka , Terabe Kenya , Asai Shuji , Imagama Shiro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate a plateau in treatment enhancement for improving the frailty status of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.MethodsA total of 345 RA patients who were not robust in 2021 were assigned to the improved (“robust 2022,” n = 51) and non‐improved (“pre‐frailty/frailty 2022,” n = 294) groups. Factors associated with “robust 2022” were examined by logistic regression analysis. Patients were assigned to the stable (Follow‐up mean DAS28‐ESR in 2020 and 2021 < 3.2, n = 225) and unstable (≥3.2, n = 120) groups, which were further divided into the non‐improved (stable: n = 180, unstable: n = 114) and improved (stable: n = 45, unstable: n = 6) groups. Factors influencing Japanese Cardiovascular Health Study (J‐CHS) score were examined by multiple regression analysis. Changes over 2 years were compared between the non‐improved and improved groups of the stable group.ResultsThe associated factor of “robust 2022” was the follow‐up meanDAS28‐ESR in 2020 and 2021 < 3.2 (i.e., stable state) (OR: 4.01). Follow‐up mean DAS28‐ESR in 2020 and 2021 was associated with J‐CHS score (T = 2.536, p = .013) only in the unstable group. In the stable group, HAQ‐DI was lower (2020: 0.32 vs. 0.16; 2021: 0.32 vs. 0.17; 2022: 0.32 vs. 0.21), and the proportion of J‐CHS: Q4 (weakness) was lower (2020: 48.4 vs. 17.8%; 2021: 55.0 vs. 29.2%; 2022: 50.4 vs. 0%), in the improved group than in the non‐improved group, whereas both groups maintained clinical and functional remission over 2 years.ConclusionsDrug treatment to maintain well‐controlled disease activity alone is insufficient for improving patients' frailty status after achieving treat‐to‐target goals, suggesting the need for multifaceted approaches.
Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor levels in perinatal depression: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jafarabady Kyana , Shafiee Arman , Bahri Razman Arabzadeh , Rajai Firouzabadi Shahryar , Mohammadi Ida , Amini Mohammad Javad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aim to synthesize the available evidence and determine the overall brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in individuals diagnosed with perinatal depression (PND).MethodsWe performed a thorough search of electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, from their start until April 30, 2023. Our search strategy involved using specific keywords and medical subject headings (MeSH) terms related to BDNF, perinatal, post‐partum, and antepartum depression. In the meta‐analysis, we employed a random‐effects model, and subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate any variations in the results.ResultsA total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria, of which 10 were used in the quantitative analysis. The meta‐analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in BDNF levels in both individuals with antepartum depression (SMD: –0.31; 95% CI: −0.48 to −0.13; p‐value = 0.0008; I2 = 71%), and post‐partum depression (SMD: –0.61; 95% CI: −0.99 to −0.22; p‐value = 0.0002 I2 = 77%). Furthermore, a significantly higher rate of PND among individuals in the lowest BDNF quartile (OR: 2.64; 95% CI: 1.01 to 6.89; p‐value = 0.05; I2 = 90%) was seen. The results of subgroup analyses showed a statistically significant effect of the depression assessment tool on overall heterogeneity between studies.ConclusionThis systematic review and meta‐analysis provide evidence of lower BDNF protein levels in individuals diagnosed with PND. The results indicate that BDNF dysregulation may play a part in the development of PND. More research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind this and explore potential therapeutic applications.
SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during pregnancy and perinatal outcomes in Estonia in 2020 and 2021: A register‐based study
Authors: Veerus Piret , Nõmm Oskar , Innos Kaire , Allvee Kärt , Karro Helle 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionData from different countries show partly controversial impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection on pregnancy outcomes. A nationwide register‐based study was conducted in Estonia to assess the impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection at any time during pregnancy on stillbirth, perinatal mortality, Apgar score at 5 minutes, cesarean section rates, rates of preterm birth and preeclampsia.Material and methodsData on all newborns and their mothers were obtained from the Estonian Medical Birth Registry, and data on SARS‐CoV‐2 testing dates, test results and vaccination dates against SARS‐CoV‐2 from the Estonian Health Information System. Altogether, 26 211 births in 2020 and 2021 in Estonia were included. All analyses were performed per newborn. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were analyzed for all outcomes, adjusted for mother's place of residence, body mass index, age of mother at delivery and hypertension and for all the aforementioned variables together with mother's vaccination status using data from 2021 when vaccinations against SARS‐CoV‐2 became available. For studying the effect of a positive SARS‐CoV‐2 test during pregnancy on preeclampsia, hypertension was omitted from the models to avoid overadjustment.ResultsSARS‐CoV‐2 infection during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of stillbirth (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.81; 95% CI 1.37–5.74) and perinatal mortality (aOR 2.34; 95% CI 1.20–4.56) but not with a lower Apgar score at 5 minutes, higher risk of cesarean section, preeclampsia or preterm birth. Vaccination slightly decreased the impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during pregnancy on perinatal mortality.ConclusionsA positive SARS‐CoV‐2 test during pregnancy was associated with higher rates of stillbirth and perinatal mortality in Estonia but was not associated with change in preeclampsia, cesarean section or preterm birth rates.
CCDC65, encoding a component of the axonemal Nexin‐Dynein regulatory complex, is required for sperm flagellum structure in humans
Authors: Jreijiri Fadwa , Cavarocchi Emma , Amiri‐Yekta Amir , Cazin Caroline , Hosseini Seyedeh‐Hanieh , El Khouri Elma , Patrat Catherine , Thierry‐Mieg Nicolas , Ray Pierre F. , Dulioust Emmanuel , Whitfield Marjorie , Touré Aminata 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSperm flagella share an evolutionary conserved microtubule‐based structure with motile cilia expressed at the surface of several cell types, such as the airways epithelial cells. As a result, male infertility can be observed as an isolated condition or a syndromic trait, illustrated by Primary Cilia Dyskinesia (PCD). We report two unrelated patients showing multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) and carrying distinct homozygous truncating variants in the PCD‐associated gene CCDC65. We characterized one of the identified variants (c.1208del; p.Asn403Ilefs*9), which induces the near absence of CCDC65 protein in patient sperm. In Chlamydomonas, CCDC65 ortholog (DRC2, FAP250) is a component of the Nexin‐Dynein Regulatory complex (N‐DRC), which interconnects microtubule doublets and coordinates dynein arms activity. In sperm cells from the patient, we also show the loss of GAS8, another component of the N‐DRC, supporting a structural/functional link between the two proteins. Our work indicates that, similarly to ciliary axoneme, CCDC65 is required for sperm flagellum structure. Importantly, our work provides first evidence that mutations in the PCD‐associated gene CCDC65 also cause asthenozoospermia.
Prognostic gene HLA‐DMA associated with cell cycle and immune infiltrates in LUAD
Authors: Huang Ya‐jie , He Jian‐kun , Duan Xiaoyang , Hou Ran , Shi Jian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe dominant subclass of non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a crucial feature of carcinogenesis and progression in LUAD. Furthermore, immune and stromal components of TME are crucial factors to investigating and curing LUAD. Thus, the study assessed the value of TME‐related genes for LUAD prognosis and immune infiltration.MethodsAll data were downloaded from TCGA and GEO databases. The immune and stromal scores were downloaded from ESTIMATE, and the association between the scores and prognosis was explored by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and univariate Cox regression were used to find TME‐related differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and HLA‐DMA was regarded as a prognostic hub gene. Western blot analyses, qRT‐PCR, and immunofluorescence were applied to verify HLA‐DMA expression in clinical samples. NSCLC cell lines were used to verify the effect of HLA‐DMA on cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution. At last, the alteration of immunotherapy response and TME transition caused by HLA‐DMA different expression were further studied.ResultsThe immune score was positively correlated with survival. The functional analyses suggested that TME‐related DEGs may be involved in the immune response. The expression level of HLA‐DMA was decreased in LUAD. In addition, HLA‐DMA expression was associated with several clinical features and was positively associated with survival. Furthermore, HLA‐DMA may suspend cell proliferation by regulating cell cycle. HLA‐DMA expression was closely associated with immune infiltration and positively correlated with TMB, indicating that patients with high HLA‐DMA level were more suitable for immunotherapy.ConclusionThese results reveal that HLA‐DMA might act as a biomarker for immune infiltration and immunotherapy response.
Changes in postictal cerebral perfusion are related to the duration of electroconvulsive therapy‐induced seizures
Authors: Pottkämper Julia C. M. , Verdijk Joey P. A. J. , Aalbregt Eva , Stuiver Sven , van de Mortel Laurens , Norris David G. , van Putten Michel J. A. M. , Hofmeijer Jeannette , van Wingen Guido A. , van Waarde Jeroen A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivePostictal symptoms may result from cerebral hypoperfusion, which is possibly a consequence of seizure‐induced vasoconstriction. Longer seizures have previously been shown to cause more severe postictal hypoperfusion in rats and epilepsy patients. We studied cerebral perfusion after generalized seizures elicited by electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and its relation to seizure duration.MethodsPatients with a major depressive episode who underwent ECT were included. During treatment, 21‐channel continuous electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded. Arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired before the ECT course (baseline) and approximately 1 h after an ECT‐induced seizure (postictal) to quantify global and regional gray matter cerebral blood flow (CBF). Seizure duration was assessed from the period of epileptiform discharges on the EEG. Healthy controls were scanned twice to assess test–retest variability. We performed hypothesis‐driven Bayesian analyses to study the relation between global and regional perfusion changes and seizure duration.ResultsTwenty‐four patients and 27 healthy controls were included. Changes in postictal global and regional CBF were correlated with seizure duration. In patients with longer seizure durations, global decrease in CBF reached values up to 28 mL/100 g/min. Regional reductions in CBF were most prominent in the inferior frontal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, and insula (up to 35 mL/100 g/min). In patients with shorter seizures, global and regional perfusion increased (up to 20 mL/100 g/min). These perfusion changes were larger than changes observed in healthy controls, with a maximum median global CBF increase of 12 mL/100 g/min and a maximum median global CBF decrease of 20 mL/100 g/min.SignificanceSeizure duration is a key factor determining postictal perfusion changes. In future studies, seizure duration needs to be considered as a confounding factor due to its opposite effect on postictal perfusion.
RETRACTED: Effects of an enhanced recovery after surgery nursing programme on surgical site wound infection and postoperative complications in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Lu Haiying , Yu Jinjiao , Hong Huiqin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis meta‐analysis aimed to investigate the effects of the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) nursing program on surgical wound infection (SWI) and postoperative complications in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang databases were searched from the date of establishment of the database until August 2023 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the effects of the ERAS nursing program on SWI and postoperative complications in patients undergoing TKA. The literature was screened, data were extracted by two independent investigators, and the literature quality was assessed using the methods recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. Data analysis was performed using Stata 17.0 software. Nineteen RCTs with 1580 patients were included in the study. The meta‐analysis results showed that the rates of SWI (odds ratio [OR] = 0.19, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.10–0.37, p < 0.001) and postoperative complications (OR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.12–0.25, p < 0.001) were significantly lower in the ERAS intervention group than those in the control group. Therefore, ERAS intervention after TKA can significantly reduce the occurrence of SWI and postoperative complications. It has a remarkable rehabilitation effect and can be widely used in clinical settings.
RETRACTED: Analysis of the association between serum levels of 25(OH)D, retinol binding protein, and Cyclooxygenase‐2 and the disease severity in patients with diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Chen Xuehui , Xu Yun , Meng Xiangyu , Geng Ruina , Wang Xu , Zhang Guanying , Bai Liwei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) pose significant clinical challenges, representing severe complications in diabetes mellitus patients and contributing to non‐traumatic amputations. Identifying reliable biomarkers can optimize early diagnosis and improve therapeutic outcomes. This study focused on evaluating the association between serum levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25‐(OH)D], Serum Retinol Binding Protein (RBP), and Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) in elderly DFU patients. A retrospective study involving 240 participants, from March 2020 to March 2023. The participants were segmented into three cohorts: 80 with DFUs, 80 diabetic patients without DFUs, and 80 healthy controls. Serum concentrations of the three biomarkers were assayed using methods like enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), chemiluminescence immunoassay, and an automated biochemistry analyser. Comparisons were made both between groups and within the DFU group based on disease severity. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in biomarker levels across the groups (p < 0.05). COX‐2 and RBP concentrations were highest in the DFU group, followed by the non‐DFU diabetic group, and lowest in the control group. Conversely, 25(OH)D levels were highest in the control group, followed by the non‐DFU diabetic group, and lowest in the DFU group. Within the DFU group, RBP and COX‐2 levels increased with disease severity, while 25(OH)D levels decreased. These variations were especially pronounced in patients with the most severe Wagner grading. A significant positive correlation was observed between disease severity and levels of RBP (r = 0.651, p < 0.05) and COX‐2 (r = 0.356, p < 0.05). Conversely, a significant negative correlation was identified between disease severity and 25(OH)D levels (r = −0.658, p < 0.05). Assessing 25(OH)D, RBP, and COX‐2 serum levels offers a promising tool for evaluating the severity and progression of DFUs. Monitoring these biomarkers can enrich our understanding of the metabolic and inflammatory pathways of the disease and potentially refine therapeutic strategies.
Fitness and cold tolerance of Spodoptera frugiperda fed on corn and two winter crops
Authors: Qi Xue‐Wei , Hong Lin , Chen Jian , Liang Yu‐Yong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda is a major migratory and polyphagous pest. Overwintering, migrating and colonizing characters of FAW are closely related to vegetation and host adaptation. In this study, we investigated oviposition preference, feeding preference of FAW, as well as fitness, cold tolerance of FAW larvae fed on spring and summer crop (corn) and two winter crops (cabbage, Brassica campestris and rape, B. napus). The results showed that FAW could complete their life cycle by feeding on cabbage and rape, although fitness was not as good as corn. FAW fed on cabbage had higher survival, female pupal mass and host suitability index than rape while larvae preferred to feed on rape leaves and females preferred to lay eggs on rape plants. In addition, FAW larvae fed on cabbage had the shortest recovery time from chill coma compared to corn and rape, indicating that cold tolerance of FAW larvae was improved by feeding on cabbage. Consequently, cabbage could be an ideal host for FAW which needed to survive and reproduce in winter. These results improve our understanding of host selection and adaption of FAW, as well as lay a foundation for predicting winter breeding areas of FAW.
Flower morphology and nectar quality traits in faba bean affect attraction to bees
Authors: Barda Myrto , Karamaouna Filitsa , Kasiotis Konstantinos M. , Baira Eirini , Papadopoulos Georgios K. , Bebeli Penelope J. , Perdikis Dionysios 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLegumes provide nutritious floral resources for bees thus are commonly considered for use in schemes to enhance pollinators in agroecosystems. In particular, legume landraces are important elements in practices towards sustainable agriculture. Differences in flower morphology and nectar may affect the attraction of pollinators. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible differences in pollinator attraction between aVicia fabaL. landrace and a commercial variety and to indicate differences in floral characteristics and nectar quality traits which can be associated with bee visits. To assess this, floral morphological trait measurements and chemical analysis using high‐resolution mass spectrometry‐based non‐targeted screening of the flower nectar were carried out and bee visits on faba bean flowers were recorded. Floral traits that contributed to the separation of the two accessions were ‘intensity of streaks’ and ‘extent of anthocyanin colouration’ on standard petal which were more pronounced in the landrace. All nectar traits examined contributed to the separation of the twoV. fabaaccessions. Chemical substances such as amino acids and sugars which are important for bee nutrition are differentially increased in the landrace compared with the commercial variety. The landrace attracted more bee genera (Apis,Anthophora,Eucera) and bee visits compared with the commercial variety (onlyEucera) supporting that the floral and nectar differences between the accessions of the same plant species are important to bees. The well‐fitting interrelation of the landrace flowers and bee visits can have possible implications in agricultural practices such as crop breeding for pollinator friendly varieties through selecting floral traits, improvement of foraging resources for pollinators in agroecosystems and subsequently food production. Exploitation of theV. fabalandrace in agroecological schemes to support conservation of flora and fauna genetic resources in situ should be considered also for the benefit of future food stability and security.