bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreased reactive oxygen generation during H2O2 decomposition in the presence of samples from human rectal cancer
Authors: Kładny Józef , Lichszteld Krzysztof , Kołecki Janusz 
Published: May 2004

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) have generated a great deal of interest in the clinical field since experimental studies showed the involvement of these species in carcinogenesis. This paper reports the detection of ROS during the decomposition of H2O2 in the presence of samples obtained from tissues of 16 patients with rectal carcinoma (age 64 ± 9 years) operated on in the Division of Surgical Oncology of Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin (Poland). The samples were cut from the middle of the resected tumors and from the colonic mucosa (10 cm distant from the tumor and free of disease); they were processed and the supernatants, representing the soluble fraction, were used for measurements.Various methods for measuring free radical activity of the examined samples were used, such as chemiluminescence, fluorescent probe 2′,7′‐dichlorodihydrofluorescein, spin trap 5,5‐dimethyl‐pyrroline‐1‐oxide and EPR, the spectrophotometrically examined formation of diformazan during reduction of the p‐nitroblue tetrazolium salt, and bleaching of p‐nitrosodimethylalanine.A statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) was noticed in mean chemiluminescence ± standard error of the mean in the presence of the tumor samples (42.6 ± 7.3) in comparison to the control samples (234.6 ± 36.0). Significantly decreased generation of ROS from the decomposition of H2O2 in the presence of the tumor samples in comparison to the control samples was also observed when the above‐mentioned methods were used. Tumor samples had significantly lower superoxide dismutase activity (33 ± 4 U/mg protein) than controls (93 ± 14 U/mg, P < 0.001), which should contribute to a lower capacity of endogenous H2O2 production and therefore less ROS generation upon H2O2 decomposition.We conclude that the tested samples have different redox properties; this supports a possible role of ROS activity during carcinogenesis. Moreover, we propose a new, simple, and sensitive chemiluminescent method, which might be effective in sample differentiation. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 2004
Long‐Lived Charge‐Separated State Generated in a Ferrocene–meso,meso‐Linked Porphyrin Trimer–Fullerene Pentad with a High Quantum Yield
Authors: Imahori Hiroshi , Sekiguchi Yuji , Kashiwagi Yukiyasu , Sato Tohru , Araki Yasuyuki , Ito Osamu , Yamada Hiroko , Fukuzumi Shunichi 
Published: May 2004

AbstractA meso,meso‐linked porphyrin trimer, (ZnP)3, as a light‐harvesting chromophore, has been incorporated for the first time into a photosynthetic multistep electron‐transfer model including ferrocene (Fc) as an electron donor and fullerene (C60) as an electron acceptor, to construct the ferrocene–meso,meso‐linked porphyrin trimer–fullerene system Fc‐(ZnP)3‐C60. Photoirradiation of Fc‐(ZnP)3‐C60 results in photoinduced electron transfer from both the singlet and triplet excited states of the porphyrin trimer, 1(ZnP)${{\ast \hfill \atop 3\hfill}}$ and 3(ZnP)${{\ast \hfill \atop 3\hfill}}$, to the C60 moiety to produce the porphyrin trimer radical cation–C60 radical anion pair, Fc‐(ZnP)3.+‐C60.−. Subsequent formation of the final charge‐separated state Fc+‐(ZnP)3‐C60.− was confirmed by the transient absorption spectra observed by pico‐ and nanosecond time‐resolved laser flash photolysis. The final charge‐separated state decays, obeying first‐order kinetics, with a long lifetime (0.53 s in DMF at 163 K) that is comparable with that of the natural bacterial photosynthetic reaction center. More importantly, the quantum yield of formation of the final charge‐separated state (0.83 in benzonitrile) remains high, despite the large separation distance between the Fc+ and C60.− moieties. Such a high quantum yield results from efficient charge separation through the porphyrin trimer, whereas a slow charge recombination is associated with the localized porphyrin radical cation in the porphyrin trimer. The light‐harvesting efficiency in the visible region has also been much improved in Fc‐(ZnP)3‐C60 because of exciton coupling in the porphyrin trimer as well as an increase in the number of porphyrins.
Evaluation of Chiral Recognition Ability of a Novel Uranyl–Salophen‐Based Receptor: An Easy and Rapid Testing Protocol
Authors: Dalla Cort Antonella , Murua José Ignacio Miranda , Pasquini Chiara , Pons Miquel , Schiaffino Luca 
Published: May 2004

AbstractA novel member of a new class of chiral uranyl–salophen complexes has been synthesised. The chiral recognition ability of this receptor toward the enantiomers of two primary amines, a sulfoxide, and a quaternary ammonium chloride has been evaluated for the first time. The enantioselectivities obtained are encouraging. The NMR method developed for this purpose allows a fast, quantitative determination of the enantioselectivity of the host directly from its racemic mixture and could find application as a preliminary screening tool in the search for new receptors using combinatorial methods. The experiments carried out in this context demonstrated also that the activation barrier for the racemisation of such chiral uranyl–salophen receptors is much higher than the lower limit of 21 kcal mol−1 previously reported.
Analysis of the adaptor function of the LIM domain‐containing protein FHL2 using an affinity chromatography approach
Authors: El Mourabit Haquima , Müller Stefan , Tunggal Lucy , Paulsson Mats , Aumailley Monique 
Published: May 2004

AbstractContaining four LIM domains and an N‐terminal half LIM domain, FHL2 has been predicted to have an adaptor function in the formation of higher order molecular complexes in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of cells. We expressed recombinant FHL2 in insect cells using the baculovirus system and used it to isolate direct or indirect interaction partners from the cytosolic fraction of fibroblasts by affinity chromatography. These were identified by their peptide mass fingerprints using MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry. Cytoskeleton‐associated proteins present among the bound proteins were shown to co‐localise with FHL2 in cell lamellipodia by indirect immunofluorescence staining. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neurotensin negatively modulates Akt activity in neurotensin receptor‐1‐transfected AV12 cells
Authors: Liu Feng , Yang Peiyi , Baez Melvyn , Ni Binhui 
Published: May 2004

AbstractNeurotensin (NT) regulates a variety of biological processes primarily through interaction with neurotensin receptor‐1 (NTR1), a heterotrimeric G‐protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR). Stimulation of NTR1 has been linked to activation of multiple signaling transduction pathways via specific coupling to Gq, Gi/o, or Gs, in various cell systems. However, the function of NT/NTR1 in the regulation of the Akt pathway remains unknown. Here, we report that activation of NTR1 by NT inhibits Akt activity as determined by the dephosphorylation of Akt at both Ser473 and Thr308 in AV12 cells constitutively expressing human NTR1 (NTR1/AV12). The inactivation of Akt by NT was rapid and dose‐dependent. This effect of NT was completely blocked by the specific NTR1 antagonist, (S)‐(+)‐[1‐(7‐chloro‐4‐quinolinyl)‐5‐(2,6‐dimethoxyphenyl)pyrazol‐3‐yl)‐carbonylamino] cyclohexylacetic acid (SR 48527), but unaffected by the less active enantiomer ((R)‐(−)‐[1‐(7‐chloro‐4‐quinolinyl)‐5‐(2,6‐dimethoxyphenyl)pyrazol‐3‐yl)‐carbonylamino] cyclohexylacetic acid (SR 49711)), indicating the stereospecificity of NTR1 in the negative regulation of Akt. In addition, NT prevented insulin‐ and epidermal growth factor (EGF)‐mediated Akt activation. Our results provide insight into the role of NT in the modulation of Akt signaling and the potential physiological significance of Akt regulation by NT. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interpolation theory and first‐order boundary value problems
Authors: Everitt W. N. , Poulkou A. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThis paper discusses the connection between Kramer analytic kernels derived from first‐order, linear, ordinary boundary value problems represented by self‐adjoint differential operators and one form of the Lagrange interpolation formula, and treats the dual formulation of the sampling process, that of interpolation. In following the kernel construction results obtained by the authors in a previous paper in 2002, the results in this successor paper complete the aimed project by showing that each of these Kramer analytic kernels has an associated analytic interpolation function to give the Lagrange interpolation series. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Efficacy of a smoking‐cessation intervention for elective‐surgical patients
Authors: Ratner Pamela A. , Johnson Joy L. , Richardson Chris G. , Bottorff Joan L. , Moffat Barbara , Mackay Martha , Fofonoff Doreen , Kingsbury Kori , Miller Clara , Budz Bernice 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe tested an intervention to help smokers abstain (fast) from smoking before surgery, maintain abstinence postoperatively, and achieve long‐term cessation. A randomized experiment included 237 patients admitted for presurgical assessment who smoked. The intervention included counseling and nicotine replacement therapy. Treatment group participants (73.0%) were more likely to fast than were controls (53.0%): χ2(1, N = 228) = 8.89, p = .003, and more likely to be abstinent 6 months after surgery (31.2% vs. 20.2%). There was no significant difference in the abstinence rates at 12 months after surgery, χ2(1, N = 169) <.001, p = 1.00. Encouraging patients to fast from smoking before surgery and postoperative support are efficacious ways to reduce preoperative and immediate post‐operative tobacco use. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 27:148–161, 2004
Relationship between carbon dioxide transport, free volume and morphology of polyolefin‐based polyurethanes
Authors: Yang Yu‐Run , Wang Zhi‐Fen , Wang De‐Ning , Wang Bo , Hu Chun‐Pu 
Published: May 2004

AbstractA series of polyurethane (PU) films, produced from toluene diisocyanate, 1,4‐butane diol and either hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene/acrylonitrile (HTBN) or hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene/styrene (HTBS), was synthesized by solution polymerization. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, and positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectroscopy were used to investigate the morphologies and free volumes of these polyolefin‐based polyurethanes. The free volumes were closely related to the morphologies of such PUs. HTBN‐based PUs showed the lowest degree of phase separation, the smallest fraction of free volume and smallest hole radius among the three types of polyolefin‐based PUs, while the HTPB‐based PUs displaying the largest values. The diffusion and permeation coefficients decreased with decreasing degree of phase separation and increasing content of hard segments. The transport data were in relation to the free volume and fitted the Fujita free‐volume model. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Ultrastructural localization of high‐affinity choline transporter in the rat neuromuscular junction: Enrichment on synaptic vesicles
Authors: Nakata Kazuko , Okuda Takashi , Misawa Hidemi 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn cholinergic neurons, Na+‐ and Cl−‐dependent, hemicholinium‐3‐sensitive, high‐affinity choline uptake system is thought to be the rate‐limiting step in acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis. The system is highly regulated by neuronal activity; the choline uptake is increased by a condition in which ACh release is favored. Here we analyzed the ultrastructural localization of the high‐affinity choline transporter (CHT) in the rat neuromuscular junctions with two separate antibodies. The majority (>90%) of immunogold labeling of CHT was observed on synaptic vesicles rather than the presynaptic plasma membrane. Less than 5% of the gold‐silver particles were associated with the plasma membrane, and more than 70% of such particles were localized within or in close vicinity to presynaptic active zones. Our morphological data support the recent hypothesis that trafficking of CHT from synaptic vesicles to the plasma membrane couples neuronal activity and choline uptake. Synapse 53:53–56, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
NMDA receptor blockade attenuates locomotion elicited by intrastriatal dopamine D1‐receptor stimulation
Authors: Kreipke Christian W. , Walker Paul D. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractPrevious behavioral studies suggest that the striatum mediates a hyperactive response to systemic NMDA receptor antagonism in combination with systemic D1 receptor stimulation. However, many experiments conducted at the cellular level suggest that inhibition of NMDA receptors should block D1 receptor‐mediated locomotor activity. Therefore, we investigated the consequences of NMDA receptor blockade on the ability of striatal D1 receptors to elicit locomotor activity using systemic and intrastriatal injections of the NMDA antagonist MK‐801 combined with intrastriatal injections of the D1 full agonist SKF 82958. Following drug treatment locomotor activity was measured via computerized activity monitors designed to quantify multiple parameters of rodent open‐field behavior. Both systemic (0.1 mg/kg) and intrastriatal (1.0 μg) MK‐801 pretreatments completely blocked locomotor and stereotypic activity elicited by 10 μg of SKF 82958 directly infused into the striatum. Further, increased activity triggered by intrastriatal SKF 82958 was attenuated by a posttreatment with intrastriatal infusion of 1 μg MK‐801. These data suggest that D1‐stimulated locomotor behaviors controlled by the striatum require functional NMDA channels. Synapse 53:28–35, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Timed CCP compositionally embeds Argos and Lustre
Authors: Tini Simone 
Published: May 2004

Abstract.
We prove that both the synchronous data-flow language Lustre restricted to types with finite values and the synchronous state-oriented language Argos are embedded in the synchronous paradigm Timed Concurrent Constraint Programming (tccp). In fact, for each of the two languages we provide a tccp language encoding it compositionally with respect to the syntax of programs and linearly with respect to the size of programs. Besides giving results of expressiveness for tccp, our encodings permit us to obtain a language tailored for programming reactive systems where both control handling aspects and data processing aspects are relevant.
An integrated framework for the performance analysis of asynchronous communicating stochastic processes
Authors: López Natalia , Núñez Manuel , Rubio Fernando 
Published: May 2004

Abstract.
In this paper we present a design framework containing a process algebra and the concurrent functional programming language Eden. In order to study properties of a specification written in our process algebraic notation, we provide a translation mechanism to generate Eden programs. Once we have a translation, we may use the Eden tools to study the performance of the (simulation of the) system. In order to add expressiveness to our design language we use a very powerful process algebra. First, we allow the specification of delays induced by general random variables. We also consider value passing. Finally, the communication between concurrent processes is asynchronous. The usefulness of our framework is presented by two examples featuring all the characteristics of our process algebraic model, we give the corresponding translations, and we provide some performance measures obtained by using Eden tools.
Cellular and molecular characterization of a murine non‐union model
Authors: Choi P. , Ogilvie C. , Thompson Z. , Miclau T. , Helms J. A. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractPurpose. We have developed a method to study the molecular and cellular events underlying delayed skeletal repair in a model that utilizes distraction osteogenesis.Methods. The clinical states of delayed union and non‐union were reproduced in this murine model by altering distraction parameters such as the inclusion and exclusion of a latency phase and variations in the rate and rhythm of distraction. Radiographic, cellular, and molecular analyses were performed on the distraction tissues.Results. Eliminating the latency period delayed bony union, but did not appreciably alter the extent of platelet endothelial cell adhesion marker (PECAM) immunostaining. Following elimination of a latency phase and a threefold increase in the rate of distraction, there was a further delay in bone regeneration and a higher rate of non‐union (60%). Instead of bone, the distraction gap was comprised of adipose or fibrous tissue. Once again, despite the rigorous distraction protocol, we detected equivalent PECAM staining within the distraction gap. In a minority of cases, cartilage and osseous tissues occupied the distraction gap likely by a prolonged process of endochondral ossification.Conclusions. Here, we have altered the mechanical environment in such a way to reproducibly create delays in skeletal regeneration. These delays in skeletal tissue regeneration appear to develop even in the presence of endothelial cells, which suggests that mechanisms other than a disruption to the vascular network can account for some cases of non‐union. © 2004 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Women, Gender and Ecclesiastical History
Authors: SHAW JANE 
Published: May 2004

Outrageous women, outrageous god. Women in the first two generations of Christianity. By Ross Saunders. Pp. x+182. Alexandria, NSW: E. J. Dwyer, 1996. $10 (paper). 0 85574 278 XMontanism. Gender, authority and the new prophecy. By Christine Trevett. Pp. xiv+299. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. £37.50. 0 521 41182 3God's Englishwomen. Seventeenth-century radical sectarian writing and feminist criticism. By Hilary Hinds. Pp. vii+264. Manchester–New York: Manchester University Press, 1996. £35 (cloth), £14.99 (paper). 0 7190 4886 9; 0 7190 4887 7Women and religion in medieval and Renaissance Italy. Edited by Daniel Bornstein and Roberto Rusconi, translated by Margery J. Schneider. (Women in Culture and Society.) Pp. x+334 incl. 11 figs. Chicago–London: The University of Chicago Press, 1996. (first publ. as Mistiche e devote nell'Italia tardomedievale, Liguori Editore, 1992). £39.95 ($50) (cloth), £13.50 ($16.95) (paper). 0 226 06637 1; 0 226 06639 8The virgin and the bride. Idealized womanhood in late antiquity. By Kate Cooper. Pp. xii+180. Cambridge, Mass.–London: Harvard University Press, 1996. £24.95. 0 674 93949 2St Augustine on marriage and sexuality. Edited by Elizabeth A. Clark. (Selections from the Fathers of the Church, 1.) Pp. xi+112. Washington, DC: The Catholic University of America Press, 1996. £23.95 (cloth), £11.50 (paper). 0 8132 0866 1; 0 8132 0867 XGender, sex and subordination in England, 1500–1800. By Anthony Fletcher. Pp. xxii+442+40 plates. New Haven–London: Yale University Press, 1995. £25. 0 300 06531 0Empress and handmaid. On nature and gender in the cult of the Virgin Mary. By Sarah Jane Boss. Pp. x+253+9 plates. London–New York: Cassell, 2000. £45 (cloth), £19.99 (paper). 0 304 33926 1; 0 304 70781 3‘You have stept out of your place’. A history of women and religion in America. By Susan Hill Lindley. Pp. xi+500. Louisville, KY: Westminster/John Knox Press, 1996. $35. 0 664 22081 9The position of women within Christianity might well be described as paradoxical. The range of practices in the early Church with regard to women, leadership and ministry indicates that this was the case from the beginning, and the legacy of conflicting biblical texts about the role of women – Galatians. iii. 28 versus 1 Corinthians xi. 3 and Ephesians v. 22–3 for example – has, perhaps, made that paradoxical position inevitable ever since. It might be argued, then, that the history of Christianity illustrates the working out of that paradox, as women have sought to rediscover or remain true to what they have seen as a strand of radically egalitarian origins for Christianity which has been subsumed by the dominant patriarchal structure and ideology of the Church. The tension of this paradox has been played out when women have struggled to act upon that thread of egalitarianism and yet remain within Churches that have been (and, it could be argued, remain) ‘patriarchally’ structured.
Population structure and history of southern African scrub hares, Lepus saxatilis
Authors: Kryger U. , Robinson T. J. , Bloomer P. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractGenetic differentiation among populations of the South African scrub hare Lepus saxatilis was examined using hypervariable mitochondrial DNA control region I (CR‐I) sequences. Neighbour‐joining analysis revealed a pattern that did not correspond to the current subspecies delineations. The CR‐I sequence data delimit scrub hares into three major maternal lineages. The three phylogenetic assemblages exhibited different geographical distributions. AMOVA analyses and exact tests for population differentiation confirmed this phylogeographic partitioning. One lineage (SW) was confined to the south‐western Cape, the second lineage (N) was exclusively found in the northern part of South Africa and in the neighbouring countries, and the third lineage (C) was predominant in the central parts of South Africa. This spatial distribution did not coincide with the ranges of the 10 described subspecies covered by our sampling regime. The lineages C and N overlapped in an area including eastern parts of South Africa and southern Namibia. The presence of both lineages in that area of overlap was interpreted as the result of secondary contact due to recent range expansions after the two lineages had undergone a population restriction approximately 18 000 years ago. Analyses of contemporary gene flow disclosed an exchange of migrants between N and C, which was biased towards a movement from C to N. The SW group represents a very distinct evolutionary lineage that has been isolated for more than 45 000 years. It does not exchange female migrants with the other two groups. Mismatch distribution analyses indicated sudden population size expansions in the history of all three populations.
Is the highveld mole‐rat Cryptomys hottentotus pretoriae (Rodentia: Bathyergidae) an induced or spontaneous ovulator?
Authors: Malherbe G. P. , Schoeman A. S. , Bennett N. C. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe highveld mole‐rat Cryptomys hottentotus pretoriae is a social subterranean rodent that exhibits seasonal reproduction. Non‐reproductive females remain anovulatory whilst in the confines of the natal colony. However, during the southern hemisphere summer, dispersal of non‐reproductive females from the natal colony occurs with subsequent pairing with unrelated males. This study investigates whether the dispersing female highveld mole‐rat is an induced or spontaneous ovulator. Eight non‐reproductive females were removed from their natal colonies during the breeding season and housed individually for 5 weeks. Urine was collected every second day during the next 5 weeks of isolation. After this initial period, isolated females underwent one of three trials: two females were kept isolated without a male, three females were individually placed in chemical but not physical contact with unvasectomized males, while each of the remaining three females were allowed full contact with a vasectomized male. Urine was again collected every second day for a further 5 weeks, after which the females were killed. Both urinary progesterone profiles and histology of the ovaries revealed that the female highveld mole‐rat is an induced ovulator. Females in physical contact with vasectomized males exhibited a significant increase in urinary progesterone concentration as well as the presence of corpora lutea in their ovaries, both indicative of ovulation. The act of coitus is necessary for ovulation to take place even though the males were not capable of fertilization. This is the first time induced ovulation has been shown in bathyergid rodents.