bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micronutrient status in children aged 6–59 months with severe wasting and/or nutritional edema: implications for nutritional rehabilitation formulations
Authors: Vresk Laura , Flanagan Mary , Daniel Allison I , Potani Isabel , Bourdon Celine , Spiegel-Feld Carolyn , Thind Mehakpreet K , Farooqui Amber , Ling Catriona , Miraglia Emiliano , Hu Guanlan , Wen Bijun , Zlotkin Stanley , James Philip , McGrath Marie , Bandsma Robert H J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Undernutrition remains a global struggle and is associated with almost 45% of deaths in children younger than 5 years. Despite advances in management of severe wasting (though less so for nutritional edema), full and sustained recovery remains elusive. Children with severe wasting and/or nutritional edema (also commonly referred to as severe acute malnutrition and part of the umbrella term “severe malnutrition”) continue to have a high mortality rate. This suggests a likely multifactorial etiology that may include micronutrient deficiency. Micronutrients are currently provided in therapeutic foods at levels based on expert opinion, with few supportive studies of high quality having been conducted. This narrative review looks at the knowledge base on micronutrient deficiencies in children aged 6–59 months who have severe wasting and/or nutritional edema, in addition to highlighting areas where further research is warranted (See “Future Directions” section).
Disparities in Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control Among Women Living With and Without HIV in the US South
Authors: Blair Jessica , Kempf Mirjam-Colette , Dionne Jodie A , Causey-Pruitt Zenoria , Wise Jenni M , Jackson Elizabeth A , Muntner Paul , Hanna David B , Kizer Jorge R , Fischl Margaret A , Ofotokun Igho , Adimora Adaora A , Gange Stephen J , Brill Ilene K , Levitan Emily B 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Hypertension-related diseases are major causes of morbidity among women living with HIV. We evaluated cross-sectional associations of race/ethnicity and HIV infection with hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control.

Methods
Among women recruited into Southern sites of the Women's Interagency HIV Study (2013–2015), hypertension was defined as (1) systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg according to clinical guidelines when data were collected, (2) self-report of hypertension, or (3) use of antihypertensive medication. Awareness was defined as self-report of hypertension, and treatment was self-report of any antihypertensive medication use. Blood pressure control was defined as &lt;140/90 mm Hg at baseline. Prevalence ratios for each hypertension outcome were estimated through Poisson regression models with robust variance estimators adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical risk factors.

Results
Among 712 women, 56% had hypertension and 83% were aware of their diagnosis. Of those aware, 83% were using antihypertensive medication, and 63% of those treated had controlled hypertension. In adjusted analyses, non-Hispanic White and Hispanic women had 31% and 48% lower prevalence of hypertension than non-Hispanic Black women, respectively. Women living with HIV who had hypertension were 19% (P = .04) more likely to be taking antihypertension medication when compared with women living without HIV.

Conclusions
In this study population of women living with and without HIV in the US South, the prevalence of hypertension was lowest among Hispanic women and highest among non-Hispanic Black women. Despite similar hypertension prevalence, women living with HIV were more likely to be taking antihypertensive medication when compared with women living without HIV.
A statistical mechanics framework for constructing nonequilibrium thermodynamic models
Authors: Leadbetter Travis , Purohit Prashant K , Reina Celia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Far-from-equilibrium phenomena are critical to all natural and engineered systems, and essential to biological processes responsible for life. For over a century and a half, since Carnot, Clausius, Maxwell, Boltzmann, and Gibbs, among many others, laid the foundation for our understanding of equilibrium processes, scientists and engineers have dreamed of an analogous treatment of nonequilibrium systems. But despite tremendous efforts, a universal theory of nonequilibrium behavior akin to equilibrium statistical mechanics and thermodynamics has evaded description. Several methodologies have proved their ability to accurately describe complex nonequilibrium systems at the macroscopic scale, but their accuracy and predictive capacity is predicated on either phenomenological kinetic equations fit to microscopic data or on running concurrent simulations at the particle level. Instead, we provide a novel framework for deriving stand-alone macroscopic thermodynamic models directly from microscopic physics without fitting in overdamped Langevin systems. The only necessary ingredient is a functional form for a parameterized, approximate density of states, in analogy to the assumption of a uniform density of states in the equilibrium microcanonical ensemble. We highlight this framework’s effectiveness by deriving analytical approximations for evolving mechanical and thermodynamic quantities in a model of coiled-coil proteins and double-stranded DNA, thus producing, to the authors’ knowledge, the first derivation of the governing equations for a phase propagating system under general loading conditions without appeal to phenomenology. The generality of our treatment allows for application to any system described by Langevin dynamics with arbitrary interaction energies and external driving, including colloidal macromolecules, hydrogels, and biopolymers.
Sudden adiabaticity signals reentrant bulk superconductivity in UTe2
Authors: Schönemann Rico , Rosa Priscila F S , Thomas Sean M , Lai You , Nguyen Doan N , Singleton John , Brosha Eric L , McDonald Ross D , Zapf Vivien , Maiorov Boris , Jaime Marcelo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
There has been a recent surge of interest in UTe2 due to its unconventional magnetic field (H)-reinforced spin-triplet superconducting phases persisting at fields far above the simple Pauli limit for H∥[010]. Magnetic fields in excess of 35 T then induce a field-polarized magnetic state via a first-order-like phase transition. More controversially, for field orientations close to H∥[011] and above 40 T, electrical resistivity measurements suggest that a further superconducting state may exist. However, no Meissner effect or thermodynamic evidence exists to date for this phase making it difficult to exclude alternative scenarios. In this paper, we describe a study using thermal, electrical, and magnetic probes in magnetic fields of up to 55 T applied between the [010] (b) and [001] (c) directions. Our MHz conductivity data reveal the field-induced state of low or vanishing electrical resistance; our simultaneous magnetocaloric effect measurements (i.e. changes in sample temperature due to changing magnetic field) show the first definitive evidence for adiabaticity and thermal behavior characteristic of bulk field-induced superconductivity.
The Bone Marrow Microenvironment in Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases: Implications for Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Based Therapies
Authors: Redondo Juliana , Bailey Steven , Kemp Kevin C , Scolding Neil J , Rice Claire M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Bone marrow (BM)-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for cell-based therapy for several immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) due to their multiplicity of immunomodulatory and reparative properties and favorable safety profile. However, although preclinical data were encouraging, the clinical benefit demonstrated in clinical trials of autologous MSC transplantation in a number of conditions has been less robust. This may be explained by the growing body of evidence pointing to abnormalities of the bone marrow microenvironment in IMIDs, including impaired MSC function. However, it is not currently known whether these abnormalities arise as a cause or consequence of disease, the role they play in disease initiation and/or progression, or whether they themselves are targets for disease modification. Here, we review current knowledge about the function of the BM microenvironment in IMIDs including multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and type I diabetes, focusing on MSCs in particular. We predict that an improved understanding of disease-related changes in the bone marrow microenvironment including the role of MSCs in vivo, will yield new insights into pathophysiology and aid identification of new drug targets and optimization of cell-based therapy in IMIDs.
Determining the phosphorus release curve for Sunphase HT phytase in nursery pig diets
Authors: Kim Ty H , Gaffield Katelyn N , Tokach Mike D , DeRouchey Joel M , Woodworth Jason C , Goodband Robert D , Gebhardt Jordan T , Zhou Ying , Song Xuerong , Wu Xiuyi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A total of 280 pigs (DNA 241 × 600, initially 10.4 ± 0.24 kg) were used in a 21-d study to determine the available P (aP) release curve for Sunphase HT phytase (Wuhan Sunhy Biology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, P.R. China) when fed diets with a high phytate concentration. On day 21 post-weaning, considered day 0 of the study, pigs were blocked by average pen body weight (BW) and randomly allotted to 1 of 7 dietary treatments with 5 pigs per pen and 8 pens per treatment. Dietary treatments were derived from a single basal diet, and ingredients including phytase, monocalcium P, limestone, and sand were added to create the treatment diets. Treatments included three diets with increasing (0.11%, 0.19%, and 0.27%) aP from monocalcium P, or four diets with increasing phytase (250, 500, 1,000, or 2,000 phytase unit (FTU)/kg) added to the diet formulated to 0.11% aP. All diets were corn–soybean meal–canola meal-based and were formulated to contain 1.24% SID Lys, a 1.10:1 total calcium-to-phosphorus ratio, and a calculated 0.32% phytate P. Prior to the beginning of the study, all pigs were fed a diet containing 0.11% aP from days 18 to 21 post-weaning. At the conclusion of the study, 1 pig, closest to the mean weight of each pen, was euthanized, and the right fibula, 10th rib, and metacarpal were collected to determine bone ash and density. After cleaning, bones were submerged in ultra-purified water under a vacuum for 4 h and then weighed to calculate the density (Archimedes principle). For bone ash, bones were processed using the non-defatted method. From days 0 to 21, increasing aP from monocalcium P increased (linear, P ≤ 0.014) average daily gain (ADG), gain-to-feed (G:F), and final BW. Pigs fed increasing phytase had increased (linear, P ≤ 0.045) ADG, final BW, and plasma inositol concentration as well as improved (quadratic, P = 0.023) G:F. For bone characteristics, pigs fed increasing aP from inorganic P had a linear improvement (P ≤ 0.019) in fibula bone ash weight and percentage bone ash, rib bone ash weight and bone density, and all metacarpal bone properties, with a quadratic response (P ≤ 0.030) for fibula bone density and rib percentage ash. Additionally, pigs fed increasing phytase had increased (P &lt; 0.05) bone ash weight, percentage bone ash, and bone density in either a linear or quadratic fashion depending on the bone analyzed. The available P release curve generated for Sunphase HT phytase for percentage bone ash combining values from the right fibula, 10th rib, and metacarpal is aP release, % = (0.360 × FTU) ÷ (2,330.250 + FTU).
Import Uncertainty and Export Dynamics
Authors: Vijil Mariana , Wagner Laurent , Woldemichael Martha Tesfaye 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A supply chain is only as strong as its weakest link. Firms are constantly managing uncertainties, including unexpected delays in the provision of a critical input that can slow down or halt the production process, possibly making the manufacturer miss a delivery deadline. As most exporters are also importers of intermediate goods, supply chain unreliability related to import processing times at the border could impact downstream export dynamics. The role of unpredictability in border-clearance times for imports in manufacturing firms’ entry, exit, and survival in export markets is investigated using the PPML estimator on a rich dataset built on firm-level information for 48 developing countries over 2006–2014. Uncertainty in the time to clear imported inputs impacts neither the entry nor the exit rate, but translates into lower survival rates for new exporters, reducing the number of firms that continue serving the foreign market beyond their first year of entry. This effect grows larger over time, owing to rising reputational costs to input-importing exporters and is mainly driven by South-North trade, possibly reflecting the time-sensitivity of buyers in developed countries. Results also reveal heterogeneous effects across export industries, and the mediating role of sunk costs of entry in foreign markets, which attenuate the negative effect of uncertainty on survival rates as firms delay exiting the export market.
The Role and Mechanism of Spinal NF-κB-CXCL1/CXCR2 in Rats with Nucleus Pulposus–induced Radicular Pain
Authors: Gao Fengjiao , Wei Ming , Wang Meiyue , Yang Yongting , Duan Xuan , Yang Lin , Sun Laibao 
Published: December 2023

Study Design.
Experimental study of the role and mechanism of spinal NFκB-CXCL1/CXCR2 in rats with nucleus pulposus-induced radicular pain.

Objective.
This study investigated the role and mechanism of spinal NFκB-CXCL1/CXCR2 in autologous nucleus pulposus-induced pain behavior in rats and to clarify the involvement and regulation of spinal NFκB as an upstream molecule of CXCL1 in autologous nucleus pulposus-induced radicular pain in rats.

Summary of Background Data.
The inflammatory response of nerve roots is an important mechanism for the occurrence of chronic pain. NFκB-CXCL1/CXCR2 pathway plays an important role in the development of radicular pain, but its regulatory mechanism in the model of radicular pain induced by autologous nucleus pulposus is still unclear.

Materials and Methods.
We established a rat model of autologous medullary nucleus transplantation. We observed and recorded the changes in 50% mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency before and after the administration of CXCL1-neutralizing antibodies, CXCR2 inhibitor, and NFκB inhibitor in each group of rats and evaluated the expression of NFκB, CXCL1, and CXCR2 in the spinal dorsal horn using immunofluorescence and Western blot. To compare differences between groups in behavioral testing, analysis of variance was employed. Dunnett’s method was used to compare differences at different time points within a group and between different groups at the same time point. A comparison of the relative concentration of protein, relative concentration of mRNA, and semiquantitative data from immunofluorescence staining was conducted utilizing one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s pairwise comparison.

Results.
Autologous nucleus pulposus transplantation can induce radicular pain in rats and upregulate the expression of CXCL1, CXCR2, and NFκB in the spinal cord. CXCL1 is co-expressed with astrocytes, CXCR2 with neurons, and NFκB with both astrocytes and neurons. The application of CXCL1 neutralizing antibodies, CXCR2 inhibitors, and NFκB inhibitors can alleviate pain hypersensitivity induced by autologous nucleus pulposus transplantation in rats. Inhibitors of NFκB could downregulate the expression of CXCL1 and CXCR2.

Conclusions.
We found that spinal NFκB is involved in NP-induced radicular pain in rats through the activation of CXCL1/CXCR2, enriching the mechanism of medullary-derived radicular pain and providing a possible new target and theoretical basis for the development of more effective anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs for patients with chronic pain following LDH.
Aggressive Angiomyxoma of the Pelvis: 35-year Experience
Authors: Cardenas Lara Francisco J. , Bauzon Justin , Perry William R.G. , Kelley Scott R 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:Aggressive angiomyxoma is a very rare mesenchymal tumor most commonly found in the pelvic and perineal regions. Although many are estrogen and progesterone hormone receptor positive, the pathogenesis is unknown. Due to the rarity, there is a paucity of literature relating to this pathology. This paper presents a case-series on the management of aggressive angiomyxoma of the pelvis.OBJECTIVE:To present a 35-year experience managing aggressive angiomyxoma of the pelvis.DESIGN:This was a retrospective single system analysis.SETTINGS:This study was conducted at a quaternary referral academic healthcare system.PATIENTS:All patients treated for aggressive angiomyxoma of the pelvis.INTERVENTIONS:All patients underwent surgical and/or medical management of their disease.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The primary outcomes were disease recurrence and mortality. Secondary outcomes included risk factors for recurrence.RESULTS:A total of 32 patients (94% female) were identified with a median follow-up of 65 months. Thirty (94%) underwent operative resection and 2 were treated solely with medical management. Fifteen achieved an R0 resection (negative microscopic margins) at the index operation, of which 4 (27%) experienced tumor recurrence. There were no mortalities. No risk factors for disease recurrence were identified.LIMITATIONS:Limitations to our study include its nonrandomized retrospective nature, single healthcare system experience, and small patient sample size.CONCLUSIONS:Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare, slow-growing tumor with locally invasive features and high potential for recurrence even after resection with negative margins. Imaging modalities such as CT and/or MRI should be obtained to aid in diagnosis and surgical planning. Workup should be paired with preoperative biopsy and testing for hormone receptor status, which can increase diagnostic accuracy and guide medical treatment. Close post-treatment surveillance is imperative to detect recurrence. See Video Abstract.
THE ROLE OF OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY IN DOME-SHAPED MACULOPATHY
Authors: Milad Daniel , Antaki Fares , Dahoud Andrea , Farah Andrew , Hammamji Karim , Saab Marc 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the role of optical coherence tomography angiography in the management of dome-shaped maculopathy.

Methods:
This was a retrospective case review.

Results:
A 52-year-old woman was referred to the authors’ retinal service for potential bilateral choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) and blurry vision bilaterally. Initial spectacle-corrected visual acuity was 20/30-2 in the right eye and 20/30 + 2 in the left eye. Dome-shaped maculopathy was diagnosed on optical coherence tomography. In both eyes, optical coherence tomography B-scan passing through the fovea showed shallow irregular retinal pigment epithelium elevation suspicious of occult (type 1) CNVM. The outer retinal and choriocapillaris angiograms showed a zone of nonexudative CNVM in the right eye and exudative CNVM in the left eye. Given the persistent subretinal fluid with CNVM in the left eye, the authors elected to perform intravitreal injections of ranibizumab 0.5 mg on a treat and extend regimen. On the most recent follow-up, the best-corrected visual acuity improved to 20/20 in the left eye with no persisting subretinal fluid.

Conclusion:
The authors present a case where assessing disease progression and the development of CNVM and evaluating the efficiency of therapies were realized through the application of novel optical coherence tomography angiography technology. This diagnostic tool may be used to guide clinicians in their management of dome-shaped maculopathy, as demonstrated through the authors’ experience. Optical coherence tomography angiography can also make it possible to visualize nonexudative CNVM lesions that may be missed on traditional imaging assessments.
DELAYED SPONTANEOUS CLOSURE OF A FULL-THICKNESS MYOPIC MACULAR HOLE WITH GOOD VISUAL RECOVERY
Authors: Oh Jin Kyun , Chang Stanley 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to present the longitudinal progression of a myopic macular hole with eventual closure and excellent visual recovery over a decade after initial full-thickness hole formation.

Methods:
The patient was monitored using time domain and spectral domain optical coherence tomography images over 16 years.

Results:
A 68-year-old man with high myopia was referred for surgical evaluation of a full-thickness macular hole and retinal detachment of his left eye, which were repaired. At the initial presentation, the fellow eye demonstrated a lamellar hole, which eventually also progressed to become a full-thickness macular hole. The patient subsequently declined surgery and was observed semiannually over the course of 16 years. At 10 years after the initial injury, the full-thickness macular hole closed spontaneously. The visual recovery was excellent with an acuity of 20/25.

Conclusion:
Although surgical intervention remains the mainstay of treatment for macular holes, patients who are not surgical candidates may still have good visual and anatomic outcomes even long after initial hole formation. Lamellar hole epiretinal proliferation material is frequently seen in myopic full-thickness macular holes and may be associated with eventually delayed hole closure because of their slow progression.
Incidence of Acanthamoeba Keratitis in the United Kingdom in 2015: A Prospective National Survey
Authors: Jasim Haneen , Grzeda Mariusz , Foot Barny , Tole Derek , Hoffman Jeremy J. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
The aims of this study were to quantify the incidence of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) in the United Kingdom and investigate risk factors and management parameters.

Methods:
This was a prospective population-based study from January to December 2015 through the British Ophthalmic Surveillance Unit. Data were collected on demographics, clinical features, and management. Incidence rates were calculated from estimates of population and contact lens (CL) user numbers. Statistical analysis compared annualized incidences per million and altered risk ratios for AK with the England and Wales 24 months 1997/1998 to 1998/1999 study.

Results:
The study identified 124 AK cases, an overall incidence of 2.35 per million. CL wearers accounted for 108 of 124 cases (87%), in whom the AK incidence was 26.94 per million. Herpes keratitis was initially misdiagnosed in 25 of 124 cases (20.2%). The highest incidence of AK was among planned replacement soft CL (PRSCL) wearers (50.65 per million), 7-fold greater than for daily disposable CL (DDSCL) users (7.24 per million). There was a significant increase in AK incidence (P < 0.001) compared with both 1997/1998 [risk ratio 1.92, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.38–2.66] and 1998/1999 (risk ratio 2.13, 95% CI 1.52–2.98) together with a higher incidence per million CL users of 26.94 versus 21.14 (1997/1998) and 17.53 (1998/1999).

Conclusions:
This study provides the first published data on the nationwide incidence of AK in the United Kingdom. The findings confirm an increasing incidence of AK, particularly among contact lens wearers since 1997/1998 to 1998/1999. PRSCLs were identified as a significant risk factor compared with DDSCLs. Misdiagnosis and treatment delays remain an ongoing problem for patients with AK.