bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coumarin‐Oxazolyl‐Based Chemosensor for Selective Detection of Fe2+ Ions: Preparation, Spectral Characterization, Theoretical Studies and Cellular Bioimaging
Authors: Kalaiarasi Giriraj , Ranjani Mohanasundaram , Aswathy Mani , Kosiha Arumugam , Prabhakaran Rathinasabapathi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNew coumarin‐oxazolyl derived receptor (E)‐3(2‐(2‐(1‐(2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐3‐yl)ethylidene)hydrazinyl)oxazol‐4‐yl)‐2H‐chromen‐2‐one (AOX) was designed, synthesised from the reaction of 3‐acetyl‐coumarin semicarbazone with 3‐bromoacetyl coumarin in chloroform/ethanol and the formation of AOX was confirmed by using different spectroscopic methods. The interaction of the AOX with different metal ions was investigated using photometric titrations and its selectively detected the Fe2+ ions.
Synergetic Regulation of Interface Defects and Carriers Dynamics for High‐Performance Lead‐Free Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Yu Bo , Sun Yapeng , Zhang Jiankai , Wang Kai , Yu Huangzhong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSevere nonradiative recombination and open‐circuit voltage loss triggered by high‐density interface defects greatly restrict the continuous improvement of Sn‐based perovskite solar cells (Sn‐PVSCs). Herein, a novel amphoteric semiconductor, O‐pivaloylhydroxylammonium trifluoromethanesulfonate (PHAAT), is developed to manage interface defects and carrier dynamics of Sn‐PVSCs. The amphiphilic ionic modulators containing multiple Lewis‐base functional groups can synergistically passivate anionic and cationic defects while coordinating with uncoordinated Sn2+ to compensate for surface charge and alleviate the Sn2+ oxidation. Especially, the sulfonate anions raise the energy barrier of surface oxidation, relieve lattice distortion, and inhibit nonradiative recombination by passivating Sn‐related and I‐related deep‐level defects. Furthermore, the strong coupling between PHAAT and Sn perovskite induces the transition of the surface electronic state from p‐type to n‐type, thus creating an extra back‐surface field to accelerate electron extraction. Consequently, the PHAAT‐treated device exhibits a champion efficiency of 13.94% with negligible hysteresis. The device without any encapsulation maintains 94.7% of its initial PCE after 2000 h of storage and 91.6% of its initial PCE after 1000 h of continuous illumination. This work provides a reliable strategy to passivate interface defects and construct p‐n homojunction to realize efficient and stable Sn‐based perovskite photovoltaic devices.
A Self‐Assembly‐Induced Exciton Delocalization Strategy for Converting a Perylene Diimide Derivative from a Type‐II to Type‐I Photosensitizer
Authors: Fang Lei , Huang Rong , Gong Wenqi , Ji Yuanhui , Sun Yanyan , Gou Shaohua , Zhao Jian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractType‐I photosensitizers have shown advantages in addressing the shortcomings of traditional oxygen‐dependent type‐II photosensitizers for the photodynamic therapy (PDT) of hypoxic tumors. However, developing type‐I photosensitizers is yet a huge challenge because the type‐II energy transfer process is much faster than the type‐I electron transfer process. Herein, from the fundamental point of view, an effective approach is proposed to improve the electron transfer efficiency of the photosensitizer by lowering the internal reorganization energy and exciton binding energy via self‐assembly‐induced exciton delocalization. An example proof is presented by the design of a perylene diimide (PDI)‐based photosensitizer (PDIMp) that can generate singlet oxygen (1O2) via a type‐II energy transfer process in the monomeric state, but induce the generation of superoxide anion (O2˙ˉ) via a type‐I electron transfer process in the aggregated state. Significantly, with the addition ofcucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]), the self‐assembled PDIMp can convert back to the monomeric state via host–guest complexation and consequently recover the generation of 1O2. The biological evaluations reveal that supramolecular nanoparticles (PDIMp‐NPs) derived from PDIMp show superior phototherapeutic performance via synergistic type‐I PDT and mild photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer under either normoxia or hypoxia conditions.
An Electrochemically Initiated Self‐Limiting Hydrogel Electrolyte for Dendrite‐Free Zinc Anode
Authors: Wang Yuetao , Yang Luyi , Xu Pengfei , Liu Lele , Li Shunning , Zhao Yan , Qin Runzhi , Pan Feng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe zinc dendrite growth generally relies upon a “positive‐feedback” mode, where the fast‐grown tips receive higher current densities and ion fluxes. In this study, a self‐limiting polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogel that presents negative feedback to dendrite growth is developed. The monomers are purposefully polymerized at the dendrite tips, then the hydrogel reduces the local current density and ion flux by limiting zinc ion diffusion with abundant functional groups. As a consequence, the accumulation at the dendrite tips is restricted, and the (002) facets‐oriented deposition is achieved. Moreover, the refined porous structure of the gel enhances Coulombic Efficiency by reducing water activity. Due to the synergistic effects, the zinc anodes perform an ultralong lifetime of 5100 h at 0.5 mA cm−2 and 1500 h at 5 mA cm−2, which are among the best records for PAM‐based gel electrolytes. Further, the hydrogel significantly prolongs the lifespan of zinc‐ion batteries and capacitors by dozens of times. The developed in situ hydrogel presents a feasible and cost‐effective way to commercialize zinc anodes and provides inspiration for future research on dendrite suppression using the negative‐feedback mechanism.
Belly of the World: Toxicity, Innocence, and Indigestibility in Plastic China
Authors: Ng Emily 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn 2018, on the eve of the Trump administration’s trade war against China, the Xi administration inaugurated a ban on most plastic waste imports. Set in a small family-run plastic waste processing factory, Wang Jiuliang’s documentary Plastic China (2016) was rumored to have been an impetus for the ban. Approaching Plastic China as a cinematic portrayal of hinterlands, this chapter considers how ecocritical momentum is produced in the film by juxtaposing an aesthetics of the toxic sublime and a temporality of stagnation with the child as a figure of innocence and potentiality. Such waste and waste-times are not exclusive to China, but point to a reluctantly shared body between post/socialist and late capitalist worlds, as stubborn materials move through the intimate organs of the global digestive system.
Stable Solvers for Stiff ODE Systems
Authors: Sundnes Joakim 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the previous chapter, we introduced explicit Runge-Kutta (ERK) methods and demonstrated how they can be implemented as a hierarchy of Python classes. For most ODE systems, replacing the simple forward Euler method with a higher-order ERK method will significantly reduce the number of time steps needed to reach a specified accuracy. Furthermore, it often leads to reduced computation time, since the additional cost per time step is outweighed by the reduced number of steps. However, there exists a class of ODEs known as stiff systems, where all the ERK methods require very small time steps, and any attempt to increase the time step leads to spurious oscillations and possible divergence of the solution. Stiff ODE systems pose a challenge for explicit methods, and they are better addressed by implicit solvers such as implicit Runge-Kutta (IRK) methods. IRK methods are well-suited for stiff problems and can offer substantial reductions in computation time when tackling challenging problems.
Leading loops in cosmological correlators
Authors: Lee Mang Hei Gordon , McCulloch Ciaran , Pajer Enrico 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Cosmological correlators from inflation are often generated at tree level and hence loop contributions are bounded to be small corrections by perturbativity. Here we discuss a scenario where this is not the case. Recently, it has been shown that for any number of scalar fields of any mass, the parity-odd trispectrum of a massless scalar must vanish in the limit of exact scale invariance due to unitarity and the choice of initial state. By carefully handling UV-divergences, we show that the one-loop contribution is non-vanishing and hence leading. Surprisingly, the one-loop parity-odd trispectrum is simply a rational function of kinematics, which we compute explicitly in a series of models, including single-clock inflation. Although the loop contribution is the leading term in the parity-odd sector, its signal-to-noise ratio is typically bounded from above by that of a corresponding tree-level parity-even trispectrum, unless instrumental noise and systematics for the two observables differ. Furthermore, we identify a series of loop contributions to the wavefunction that cancel exactly when computing correlators, suggesting a more general phenomenon.
Lepton-pair scattering with an off-shell and an on-shell photon at two loops in massless QED
Authors: Badger Simon , Kryś Jakub , Moodie Ryan , Zoia Simone 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We compute the two-loop QED helicity amplitudes for the scattering of a lepton pair with an off-shell and an on-shell photon, 0 → $$ \ell \overline{\ell}\gamma \gamma $$
ℓ

ℓ
¯

γγ
*, using the approximation of massless leptons. We express all master integrals relevant for the scattering of four massless particles with a single external off-shell leg up to two loops in a basis of algebraically independent multiple polylogarithm, which guarantees an efficient numerical evaluation and compact analytic representations of the amplitudes. Analytic forms of the amplitudes are reconstructed from numerical evaluations over finite fields. Our results complete the amplitude-level ingredients contributing to the N3LO predictions of electron-muon scattering eμ → eμ, which are required to meet the precision goal of the future MUonE experiment.
Stationäre chirurgische Versorgung in Großschadenslagen und Katastrophen – Grundlagen, Ziele, Konzepte, Vorbereitung
Authors: Franke Axel , Lehmann Wolfgang , Wurmb Thomas 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDer Krieg in der Ukraine und die SARS-CoV-2(„severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2“)-Pandemie haben die Resilienz unseres Gesundheitssystems in den Fokus einer breiten Diskussion gerückt. Die Vorbereitung auf solche Schadenslagen steht im Zeichen des Verhältnisses aus verfügbarer Behandlungskapazität und einen weit über die Norm hinausgehenden Bedarf. Ziel eines resilienten Gesundheitssystems muss es sein, auf solche Ausnahmesituationen adäquat zu reagieren. Insbesondere in akuten Katastrophen- und Großschadenslagen gilt es, möglichst lange medizinische Standards und eine individualmedizinische chirurgische Versorgung aufrechtzuerhalten.Material, Methode und Ziel der ArbeitZielsetzung der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, anhand definierter Schadenslagen die aktuellen Begrifflichkeiten zur katastrophenmedizinischen Patientenversorgung aus chirurgischer Perspektive zu erläutern, vorhandene weiterzuentwickeln und mögliche Konzepte der Krisenversorgung anhand dreier schematisch dargestellter Szenarien darzustellen. Darüber hinaus werden allgemeine Reaktionsmöglichkeiten zur Mobilisation von Behandlungskapazitäten beschrieben.ErgebnisseUm die medizinische Versorgungsqualität in einer Schadenslage einheitlich zu erfassen, ist es sinnvoll, von den Stadien der Individualstandardversorgung, kompensierter Krisenversorgung und dekompensierter Krisenversorgung zu sprechen. Im Rahmen einer Großschadenslage oder einer Katastrophe werden traumatologisch-chirurgische Patienten überwiegen und es muss das Ziel sein, das Stadium einer kompensierten Krisenversorgung zu erhalten oder wieder herzustellen. Je nach Ausdehnung der Schadenslage kann dies nur unabhängig von den Landesgrenzen und durch eine übergeordnete zentrale Führungsstruktur zeitnah realisiert werden. Für eine flächendeckende Bereitstellung chirurgischer Behandlungskapazitäten ist die Darstellung eines kontinuierlichen Lagebildes mit aktuellen Ressourcen und Strukturdaten der Krankenhäuser in der betroffenen Region erforderlich.SchlussfolgerungZiel aller Bemühungen und Vorbereitungen muss es sein, die Krankenhäuser dauerhaft zu ertüchtigen und bezüglich der katastrophenmedizinischen Bewältigung einer Schadenslage auszubilden und zu entwickeln. Es ist dabei wichtig, einen allgemeinen Konsens über Begrifflichkeiten, Art der Versorgung und die taktisch strategischen Grundsätze der chirurgischen Versorgung zur Bewältigung einer Katastrophe oder Schadenslage zu etablieren.
Incidence rate and histology of appendiceal neoplasms in complicated versus uncomplicated appendicitis: A meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Solis-Pazmino Paola , Oka Kimberly , La Kristina , Termeie Orly , Figueroa Luis A. , Pilatuna Eduardo , Solis-Pazmino Daniel , Harnegie Mary Pat , Cohen Jason , Barnajian Moshe , Nasseri Yosef 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Studies evaluating the rate and histology of appendiceal neoplasms between complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis include a small number of patients. Therefore, we sought a meta-analysis and systematic review comparing the rates and types of appendiceal neoplasm between complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis.

Methods
We included articles published from the time of inception of the datasets to September 30, 2022. The electronic databases included English publications in Ovid MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, and Scopus.

Results
A total of 4962 patients with appendicitis enrolled in 4 comparative studies were included. The mean age was 43.55 years (16- 94), and half were male (51%). Based on intra-operative findings, 1394 (38%) had complicated appendicitis, and 3558 (62%) had uncomplicated appendicitis. The overall incidence rate of neoplasm was 1.98%. No significant difference was found in the incidence rate of appendiceal neoplasm between complicated (3.29%) and uncomplicated (1.49%) appendicitis (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.16- 1.23; p < 0.087; I2 = 54.9%). The most common appendiceal neoplasms were Neuroendocrine Tumors (NET) (49.21%), Nonmucinous Adenocarcinoma (24.24%), Mixed Adeno-Neuroendocrine Tumor (MANEC) (11.40%), Mucinous Adenocarcinoma (4.44%). There was a significant difference between complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis in rates of adenocarcinoma (50% vs. 13%), NET (31% vs. 74%), MANEC (19% vs. 13%) (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
While there was no significant difference in the overall neoplasm rate between complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis, the NET rate was significantly higher in uncomplicated appendicitis. In comparison, the Adenocarcinoma rate was considerably higher in Complicated appendicitis. These findings emphasize the importance of evaluating risk factors for neoplasm when considering appendectomy in patients with appendicitis.
Preventing HIV Infection in Pregnant Women in Western Uganda Through a Comprehensive Antenatal Care-Based Intervention: An Implementation Study
Authors: Jahn Lisa S. , Kengonzi Agnes , Kabwama Steven N. , Rubaihayo John , Theuring Stefanie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe implemented and assessed a comprehensive, antenatal care (ANC)-embedded strategy to prevent HIV seroconversions during pregnancy in Uganda. HIV-negative first-time ANC clients were administered an HIV risk assessment tool and received individual risk counseling. Those attending ANC without partners obtained formal partner invitation letters. After three months, repeat HIV testing was carried out; non-attending women were reminded via phone. We analyzed uptake and acceptance, HIV incidence rate, and risk behavior engagement. Among 1081 participants, 116 (10.7%) reported risk behavior engagement at first visit; 148 (13.7%) were accompanied by partners. At the repeat visit (n = 848), 42 (5%, p < 0.001) reported risk behavior engagement; 248 (29.4%, p < 0.001) women came with partners. Seroconversion occurred in two women. Increased odds for risk behavior engagement were found in rural clients (aOR 3.96; 95% CI 1.53–10.26), women with positive or unknown partner HIV-status (2.86; 1.18–6.91), and women whose partners abused alcohol (2.68; 1.15–6.26). Overall, the assessed HIV prevention strategy for pregnant women seemed highly feasible and effective. Risk behavior during pregnancy was reduced by half and partner participation rates in ANC doubled. The observed HIV incidence rate was almost four times lower compared to a pre-intervention cohort in the same study setting.
Grappling with the success and trade-offs of global nutrient redistribution
Authors: Kleinman P. J. A. , Harmel R. D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInputs of fertilizer nutrients in agriculture are estimated to have contributed to > 40% increase in crop production over the past century, resulting in widespread benefits to food security and prosperity. However, fertilizer nutrient redistribution has fundamentally altered global and local nutrient cycles alike, yielding trade-offs in socioeconomic and environmental outcomes. David Pimentel’s body of work on the management of energy, water, and soil resources in agriculture, along with his perspectives on agronomy and sustainable resource management, resonates with a critical understanding of the consequences of nutrient redistribution in agriculture. With Pimentel's legacy in mind, we consider trade-offs of global nutrient redistribution, improved recycling of nutrients in agricultural systems, as well as the challenges of, and opportunities for, transformations that seek to adjust nutrient cycles in modern agriculture. Pimentel’s legacy and contributions provide valuable insight into agriculture’s wicked nutrient challenge, as he framed the costs and opportunities of production systems across different scales of food production, developed foundational understanding of global resource challenges, promoted often marginalized or underemployed management strategies to enhance agriculture’s ecosystem services, confronted conventional wisdom and popular trends, and appropriately, attacked the use of “silver bullets” as singular solutions to ecological challenges and instead promoted systems-level analyses.
Tax policy design in a hierarchical model with occupational decisions
Authors: Castillo Sebastián 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis research examines the impact of occupational choices and tax evasion on the tax administration policy in a hierarchical tax model. The economy has two sectors, wage-earners and self-employment, with evasion only possible in the latter. Incorporating occupational decisions produces a smaller marginal tax rate and a larger budget for the IRS. However, the resources are still insufficient to audit all self-employed, resulting in distortions in occupational choices favoring self-employment. These distortions prevent production efficiency from achieving the optimum level, indicating that the Diamond-Mirrlees theorem is not applicable in this context. Finally, applying differential taxation represents a Pareto improvement, but it results in higher taxes for self-employment.
Experiences of Parental PTSD for Children Aged 9–17 in Military and Emergency First Responder Families
Authors: May Karen , Van Hooff Miranda , Doherty Matthew , Carter Drew 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study is the first to examine the experiences of children aged 9–17 who have a military or emergency first responder (EFR) parent with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These experiences of children are important to understand through a lens of intergenerational trauma theory, given the high rates of PTSD in these service populations. Additionally, we need to know if they differ from the experiences of children of civilian parents with PTSD. To examine this, we conducted a total of 17 in-depth interviews in Australia with 5 service parents, 5 co-parents and 7 children aged 9–17 who have a parent who had formerly served in the military or an emergency service. Interviewees were not always from the same family. The families included single-parent, dual-parent, separated, and same-sex families. Gender and service type (military or EFR) were evenly distributed among interviewees. We used a critical humanist approach and undertook a reflexive thematic analysis of the interview data. The major themes were (1) parental emotional extremes, volatility, and unpredictability, (2) changes in home and family relations, (3) impacts on child wellbeing, and (4) PTSD awareness and help-seeking. We found evidence of specific impacts for children related to a combination of parental PTSD symptoms and service conditioning and culture. This study highlights the role of reduced parental capacity in the transmission of trauma from parent to child. It provides an evidence base to direct policy and research into targeted and culturally specific therapeutic interventions and support services for children and parents in service families living with PTSD.
5D solid-state NMR spectroscopy for facilitated resonance assignment
Authors: Klein Alexander , Vasa Suresh K. , Linser Rasmus 
Published: November 2023

Abstract1H-detected solid-state NMR spectroscopy has been becoming increasingly popular for the characterization of protein structure, dynamics, and function. Recently, we showed that higher-dimensionality solid-state NMR spectroscopy can aid resonance assignments in large micro-crystalline protein targets to combat ambiguity (Klein et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2022). However, assignments represent both, a time-limiting factor and one of the major practical disadvantages within solid-state NMR studies compared to other structural-biology techniques from a very general perspective. Here, we show that 5D solid-state NMR spectroscopy is not only justified for high-molecular-weight targets but will also be a realistic and practicable method to streamline resonance assignment in small to medium-sized protein targets, which such methodology might not have been expected to be of advantage for. Using a combination of non-uniform sampling and the signal separating algorithm for spectral reconstruction on a deuterated and proton back-exchanged micro-crystalline protein at fast magic-angle spinning, direct amide-to-amide correlations in five dimensions are obtained with competitive sensitivity compatible with common hardware and measurement time commitments. The self-sufficient backbone walks enable efficient assignment with very high confidence and can be combined with higher-dimensionality sidechain-to-backbone correlations from protonated preparations into minimal sets of experiments to be acquired for simultaneous backbone and sidechain assignment. The strategies present themselves as potent alternatives for efficient assignment compared to the traditional assignment approaches in 3D, avoiding user misassignments derived from ambiguity or loss of overview and facilitating automation. This will ease future access to NMR-based characterization for the typical solid-state NMR targets at fast MAS.