bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ligand‐Induced Crystallization Control in MAPbBr3 Hybrid Perovskites for High Quality Nanostructured Films
Authors: Heindl Markus W. , Lichtenegger Michael F. , Kodalle Tim , Liu Shangpu , Solhtalab Nasrin , Zerhoch Jonathan , Shcherbakov Andrii , Kivala Milan , Sutter‐Fella Carolin M. , Urban Alexander S. , Deschler Felix 
Published: February 2025

AbstractControlling the formation of hybrid perovskite thin films is crucial in obtaining high‐performance optoelectronic devices, since factors like morphology and film thickness have a profound impact on a film's functionality. For light‐emitting applications grain sizes in the sub‐micrometer‐range have previously shown enhanced brightness. It is therefore crucial to develop simple, yet reliable methods to produce such films. Here, a solution‐based synthesis protocol for the on‐substrate formation of MAPbBr3 (MA = methylammonium) nanostructures by adding the bifunctional rac‐3‐aminobutyric acid to the precursor solution is reported. This synthesis route improves key optical properties such as photoluminescence quantum yields and life times of excited states by inducing a controlled slow‐down of the film formation and suppressing agglomeration effects. In situ spectroscopy reveals a delayed and slowed down crystallization process, which achieves synthesis of perovskite structures with much reduced defect densities. Further, aggregation can be controlled by the amount of amino acid added and adjusting the synthesis protocol allows to produce cubic crystallites with targeted size from nanometer to micrometer scales. The nanocrystalline MAPbBr3 samples show enhanced amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) intensities, reduced ASE thresholds and purer ASE signals, compared to pristine films, even under intense optical driving, making them promising structures for lasing applications.
Spider Silk‐Inspired Conductive Hydrogels for Enhanced Toughness and Environmental Resilience via Dense Hierarchical Structuring
Authors: Hong Seokkyoon , Lee Jiwon , Park Taewoong , Jeong Jinheon , Lee Junsang , Joo Hyeonseo , Mesa Juan C. , Alston Claudia Benito , Ji Yuhyun , Vega Sergio Ruiz , Barinaga Cristian , Yi Jonghun , Lee Youngjun , Kim Jun , Won Kate J. , Solorio Luis , Kim Young L. , Lee Hyowon , Kim Dong Rip , Lee Chi Hwan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractConductive hydrogels, known for their biocompatibility and responsiveness to external stimuli, hold promise for biomedical applications like wearable sensors, soft robotics, and implantable electronics. However, their broader use is often constrained by limited toughness and environmental resilience, particularly under mechanical stress or extreme conditions. Inspired by the hierarchical structures of natural materials like spider silk, a strategy is developed to enhance both toughness and environmental tolerance in conductive hydrogels. By leveraging multiscale dynamics including pores, crystallization, and intermolecular interactions, a dense hierarchical structure is created that significantly improves toughness, reaching ≈90 MJ m⁻3. This hydrogel withstands temperatures from −150 to 70 °C, pressure of 12 psi, and one‐month storage under ambient conditions, while maintaining a lightweight profile of 0.25 g cm⁻3. Additionally, its tunable rheological properties allow for high‐resolution printing of desired shapes down to 220 µm, capable of supporting loads exceeding 164 kg m⁻2. This study offers a versatile framework for designing durable materials for various applications.
Elucidation of Li+ Conduction Behavior in MOF Glass Electrolyte Toward Long‐Cycling and High C‐Rate Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Kong Ourui , Jiang Guangshen , Wang Kun , Yang Anping , Zheng Jingang , Wu Shuai , Han Weichen , Li Jijia , Li Lichao , An Xilong , Wang Jin , Sun Chengguo , Li Lixiang , Xu Fei , An Baigang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractVitrified metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising solid‐state electrolytes for lithium metal batteries due to their unique structures. Nevertheless, the effect of distorted molecular structures in glassy MOFs on Li+ migration behavior at the molecular level remains largely unexplored, posing a huge obstacle to further boosting their electrochemical performances. Herein, Li+ conduction behavior in glassy ZIF‐62 quasi‐solid‐state electrolyte (GZ‐62‐QSSE) is molecularly elucidated, in which Li+ migration is accomplished by the continuous delivery of N sites in imidazole and benzimidazole ligands like the process of relay race. Such fast Li+ migration in GZ‐62‐QSSE demonstrates more than 1.5‐time increase in transference number and helps to generate inorganic‐dominated cathode/anode interphases for unblocked ion transport compared with crystalline ZIF‐62 electrolyte. Consequently, the long‐term stability with remarkable high‐rate capability is realized in the proof‐of‐the‐concept full cells, which represents one of best values among all reported MOF‐based solid‐state batteries. For example, LiFePO4 ||Li full cells employing GZ‐62‐QSSE brilliantly undergo 3000 cycles with high initial capacity of 132.1 mAh g−1 and ultralow decay rate of 0.009% at 1 C. Full cells still display high discharge capacity of 83.6 mAh g−1 at 5 C. The elaborated high‐performance glassy ZIF‐62 electrolyte offers new insights for exploiting advanced solid‐state electrolytes and propels the development of solid‐state lithium metal batteries.
Changes in flowering phenology with altered rainfall and the potential community impacts in an annual grassland
Authors: Van Dyke Mary N. , Kraft Nathan J. B. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPremiseShifts in the timing of life history events, or phenology, have been recorded across many taxa and biomes in response to global change. These phenological changes are often studied in a single species context, but considering the community context is essential for anticipating the cascading effects on biotic interactions that are likely to occur. Focusing on an annual grassland plant community, we examined how experimental changes in precipitation affect flowering phenology in a community context and explore the implications of these shifts for competitive interactions and species coexistence.MethodsWe experimentally manipulated rainfall with rainout shelters and recorded detailed flowering phenology data for seven annual species including two grasses and five forbs. We assessed how their first and peak flowering days were affected by changes in rainfall and explored how flowering overlap between competing species changed.ResultsChanges in rainfall shifted flowering phenology of some species, but sensitivity differed among neighboring species. Four of the seven species studied started and/or peaked flowering earlier in response to reduced water availability. The idiosyncratic shifts in flowering phenology have the potential to alter existing temporal dynamics that may be maintaining coexistence, such as temporal separation of resource‐use among neighbors.ConclusionsOur results show how species‐specific phenological consequences of global change can impact community dynamics and competition between neighboring plants and warrant future research.
Differential roles of Alzheimer's disease plasma biomarkers in stepwise biomarker‐guided diagnostics
Authors: Jang Hyemin , Shin Daeun , Yoo Heejin , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Gonzalez‐Ortiz Fernando , Ashton Nicholas J. , Day Theresa A. , Lee Eun Hye , Yun Jihwan , Na Duk L , Kim Hee Jin , Kang Sung Hoon , Kim Ko Woon , Kim Si Eun , Kim Yeo Jin , Kim Yeshin , Kim Jaeho , Kim Chi‐Hun , Chun Min Young , Jung Na Yeon , Cho Soo Hyun , Kim Jun Pyo , Seo Sang Won ,   the K‐ROAD study groups
Published: February 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThis study aimed to investigate the differential roles of various plasma biomarkers in a stepwise diagnostic strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD).METHODSA total of 2984 participants, including 666 cognitively unimpaired (CU), 2032 with Alzheimer's clinical syndrome (ACS), and 286 non‐ACS individuals, were recruited. Plasma amyloid beta (Aβ) 42/40, four phosphorylated tau (p‐tau) epitopes, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels were measured using immunoassays.RESULTSNfL demonstrated fair to excellent accuracy in differentiating non‐ACS from CU groups (area under the curve [AUC], 0.79 to 0.94). p‐tau217 had the highest accuracy for identifying Aβ (AUC 0.94) and tau positron emission tomography status (AUC 0.91). In the ACS group, p‐tau217 was the strongest predictor of cognitive decline (p < .001).DISCUSSIONNfL may serve as a useful screening tool, while p‐tau217 is particularly valuable for confirming AD pathology and prognosis.Highlights
Plasma NfL could screen for cognitive impairment.
p‐tau217 reliably detects AD pathology, regardless of diagnosis.
p‐tau217 and GFAP predict prognosis in ACS.
Each plasma biomarker plays a distinct role in stepwise AD diagnostics.
Paper Electrochemical Sensor Utilizing Nano Ag‐Decorated Cu2O Nanoparticles for Ascorbic Acid Detection in Tablets
Authors: Venkadesh A. , Mathew Anumol , Fahmeeda Thayyil K. , Sonia J. , Kumara B. N. , Sudhakara Prasad K. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe accurate and selective detection of vitamins are very much needed in the food, and pharmaceutical industries and health care. In this study, a new sustainable disposable electrochemical platform was fabricated with nano silver/Cu2O composite (nAg/Cu2O) for sensing ascorbic acid (vitamin C). The modified electrode exhibited reduced resistance to charge transfer and improved electro active area. The analyte displayed excellent electrochemical activity on the surface of nAg/Cu2O modified paper electrode and showed a concentration‐dependent response between 0.05 to 500 μM with a detection limit (S/N=3), 0.04 μM. Furthermore, the anti‐interference studies revealed that the nAg/Cu2O nanocomposites have high selectivity towards ascorbic acid. Notably, the sensor based on nAg/Cu2O showed exceptional stability and reproducibility, with a relative standard deviation for peak currents measuring approximately 7 % or less while testing for a week of time. The real‐world application and analytical performance was realized by identifying ascorbic acid in commercial vitamin C tablets with satisfactory results.
Facile One‐Pot Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis and Ultrafast Spectroscopic Characterization of Nitrogen–Sulfur‐Codoped Carbon Quantum Dots
Authors: Venkatesh Yeduru , Wadepalli Sadashiv , Bangal Prakriti Ranjan , Naidu Parimi Venkata Subrahmanyam , Rao Podilapu Atchutha 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWe report an eco‐friendly, cost‐effective, one‐pot microwave‐assisted synthesis of nitrogen and sulfur co‐doped carbon quantum dots (N,S‐CQDs) using citric acid and thiourea in formamide without surface passivation. The N,S‐CQDs were characterized by HRTEM, FE‐SEM, XRD, EDX, FTIR, Raman, and XPS, confirming monodispersed spherical particles of 4.8 nm with an amorphous carbon phase containing oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. The comprehensive photophysical studies of N,S‐CQD employed by steady state and different time‐resolved spectroscopic techniques (TCSPC, Ultrafast Time‐Resolved Fluorescence Up‐Conversion and Femtosecond Transient Absorption techniques). These N,S‐CQDs show broad UV–visible to near‐infrared absorption with peaks near 300 and 400 nm and emit strong blue photoluminescence at 360 nm excitation, with a quantum yield of ~8.4%. Time‐resolved spectroscopy (TCSPC, fluorescence up‐conversion, transient absorption) reveals multiexponential carrier relaxation with time constants from 0.5 ps to > 500 ps, including a 360 ps rise component and three distinct decay components, indicating complex fluorescence driven by surface defects. Ultrafast decay components correspond to thermal cooling of hot excitons, while later decays relate to carrier trapping at surface states. The tunable optical properties and carrier dynamics make N,S‐CQDs promising for optoelectronic applications such as LEDs, sensors, and photodetectors, with further enhancement possible through surface engineering and defect control.
The in vitro and in vivo skin‐whitening activity of Ectoine through enhanced autophagy in melanocytes and keratinocytes and zebrafish model
Authors: Jane Wei‐Chen , Chen Siang‐Jyun , Hseu Jhih‐Hsuan , Chen Xuan‐Zao , Pandey Sudhir , Chang Hsueh‐Wei , Yang Hsin‐Ling , Hseu You‐Cheng , Yu Yung‐Luen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractEctoine, a natural bacterial osmolyte, suppressed UVA irradiated‐α‐melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) stimulated melanogenesis through antioxidant Nrf2 pathways in human keratinocytes; however, the underlying skin whitening mechanisms were not elucidated. The depigmenting efficiency of Ectoine (0–400 μM) through antimelanogenesis and melanin degradation by autophagy promotion was investigated in melanoma (B16F10) and melanin‐feeding keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells and in vivo zebrafish model. MTT assay, Western blotting, GFP‐LC3 puncta, AVO formation, melanin assay, immunofluorescence staining, TEM techniques, siLC3 transfection, and zebrafish model were utilized. Ectoine‐induced autophagy in B16F10 and HaCaT cells was shown by enhanced LC3‐II accumulation, autophagosome GFP‐LC3 puncta, autolysosome AVOs formation, ATG4B downregulation, and Beclin‐1/Bcl‐2 dysregulation. The immunoprecipitation data revealed that Ectoine increased the association between LC3‐II and p62 proteins in B16F10 and HaCaT cells. Importantly, antioxidant NAC pretreatment antagonized the Ectoine‐induced ATG4B diminution in B16F10 and HaCaT cells. Ectoine inhibited melanogenesis by suppressing melanosome gp100, tyrosinase, TRP‐1/‐2, and/or melanin formation via autophagy in α‐MSH‐stimulated B16F10 and melanin‐feeding HaCaT cells. TEM findings displayed that Ectoine increased melanosome‐engulfing autophagosomes and autolysosomes in α‐MSH‐stimulated B16F10 and melanin‐feeding HaCaT cells. Ectoine‐inhibited melanogenesis in α‐MSH‐stimulated B16F10 cells and melanin‐feeding HaCaT cells was reversed by pretreatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3‐MA or LC3 silencing. In vivo study demonstrated that Ectoine (5 mM) suppressed endogenous body pigmentation by antimelanogenesis and melanin degradation through autophagy induction in a zebrafish model. The in vitro and in vivo study demonstrated that Ectoine inhibits melanogenesis and enhances melanin degradation by triggering autophagy. Ectoine could be utilized as a whitening ingredient in cosmetic formulations.
Perovskite Oxides for Electrocatalytic Hydrogen/Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Lu Lu , Sun Mingzi , Wu Tong , Lu Qiuyang , Chen Baian , Hei Chan Cheuk , Ho Wong Hon , Li Zikang , Huang Bolong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSince the excessive exploitation of fossil fuels will cause wars for oil, developing sustainable and eco‐friendly energy resources to solve the energy crisis and realize the carbon‐neutrality goal has been a hot issue. Water electrolysis has been acknowledged as a promising technology for hydrogen (H2)/oxygen (O2) evolution reaction (HER/OER) since the overall water splitting reaction rates can be well controlled by applying appropriate electrode voltage. Whereas the sluggish electrochemical reactions kinetics on both the cathode and anode have greatly restricted the energy conversion efficiency. Thus, developing highly active electrocatalysts to reduce the overpotentials required for electrolytic HER/OER is of great significance in increasing the utilization rates of electrical power and lowering production costs. ABO3‐structured perovskite‐oxides based electrocatalysts possess the merits of low cost, high structural stability, and lattice compatibility, and thus they have attracted intense research attention in recent decays. To inspire both theoretical and experimental researchers to design novel perovskite‐oxide electrocatalysts for efficient HER/OER, the fundamental electrode reaction mechanisms, the effects of synthetic methods on material morphologies, recently reported perovskite‐oxide electrocatalysts and effective tuning strategies on enhancing the electrocatalytic activities of existing perovskite‐oxides have been fully discussed in this review.
Development of Chiral‐At‐Ruthenium Mesoionic Carbene Catalysts
Authors: Demirel Nemrud , Moths Paul , Xie Xiulan , Ivlev Sergei I. , Meggers Eric 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBuilding on our previously established chiral‐at‐metal approach, in which the overall chirality of the transition metal catalyst is solely determined by a stereogenic metal center, we here present a new addition to the family of C2‐symmetric chiral‐at‐ruthenium catalysts. These are C2‐symmetric chiral ruthenium complexes featuring strongly σ‐donating 1,2,3‐triazol‐5‐ylidene mesoionic carbene (MIC) ligands. The complexes demonstrate excellent catalytic activity and enantioselectivity in a nitrene‐mediated ring‐closing C(sp3)−H amination of an aliphatic azide, leading to the formation of an N‐Boc‐protected chiral pyrrolidine. This study highlights the potential of this new class of chiral mesoionic carbene ruthenium complexes to further enhance or modify the reactivity of ruthenium‐based chiral‐at‐metal catalysts.
Molecular Engineering of Cordycepin Derivatives for Enhanced Biological Activity and Stability
Authors: Gu Yiming , Yu Wei , Li Xiang , Fan Yingjie , Liu Yanan , Tummatorn Jumreang , Jiang Siyu , Yang Jingyue 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTo address the metabolic instability of cordycepin induced by adenosine deaminase (ADA) and to enhance its bioactivity, this study developed eleven novel cordycepin derivatives using molecular engineering techniques. By incorporating sterically hindered protective groups and modifying the glycosyl moiety, the research aimed to improve both stability and efficacy. Antibacterial tests revealed that five derivatives showed significantly greater activity against pathogenic strains compared to cordycepin, with better compatibility with probiotics. Compound 2 c demonstrated moderate antitumor activity against K562 and MGC‐803 cells, with IC50 values of 42.21 μM and 27.79 μM, respectively. Additionally, compound 4 b demonstrated notable DPPH free radical scavenging ability. These compounds also showed improved stability in ADA solutions, providing valuable insights into the structure‐activity relationships of cordycepin derivatives.
Insight into the Coupling of HgS and CuO with Metal‐Organic Frameworks Support in Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Hupele Mitali , Raj Ritu , Rai Shikha , Sen Tapasi , Kanta Haldar Krishna 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study investigates the coupling of mercury sulfide (HgS) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles with metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) as a support material for enhancing the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The integration of HgS and CuO into the MOF framework aims to leverage the unique electronic and structural properties of both the nanoparticles and the MOFs to improve catalytic performance. Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), particularly ZIF‐67, are investigated for their potential to catalyze water‐splitting reactions due to their high porosity and large specific surface areas. The strategic incorporation of HgS and CuO into ZIF‐67 significantly enhances its electrocatalytic properties, resulting in remarkable performance metrics: a low overpotential of 246 mV at 10 mA/cm2, a Tafel slope of 123 mV/dec, an expanded electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) of 23.56 cm2, and a reduced charge transfer resistance of 34.86 Ω. This integration enhances porosity and increases active surface area, which is crucial for improved catalytic performance. This investigation introduces an innovative methodology for fabricating highly efficient electrocatalysts, positioning HgS/CuO/ZIF‐67 as a promising candidate for oxygen evolution reactions in alkaline media. The findings highlight the potential of this novel nanocomposite in future clean energy applications, particularly in the realm of water‐splitting technologies.
Continuous‐Flow Synthesis of BiVO4 Nanoparticles: From Laboratory Scale to Practical Systems
Authors: Robles Christian , Montañés Laura , Mesa Camilo A. , Iglesias Diego , Rabelo Helena , Spadaro Maria Chiara , Arbiol Jordi , Redondo Jesús , Schiller Frederik , Barja Sara , Julián‐López Beatriz , Gutiérrez‐Blanco Ana , Sans Víctor , Giménez Sixto 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCost‐effective and efficient photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting stands out as one of the most promising strategies to address sustainable energy supply in the form of green H2. Large‐area photoelectrodes featuring precise chemical and morphological control are key components for a practical solar‐to‐hydrogen conversion. Herein, we report the continuous flow synthesis of BiVO4 nanoparticles (NPs) by using a simple microreactor configuration. The solution containing the as‐prepared NPs enables the deposition of BiVO4 photoanodes with areas up to 52 cm2 through a simple and scalable chemical bath deposition method. On the other hand, surface protection by an ultrathin Al2O3 overlayer grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) increases the performance of the 1 cm2 BiVO4 photoanodes ~30 %, exhibiting a photocurrent density of ~2.0 mA⋅cm−2 at 1.23 V vs. the Reversible Hydrogen Electrode in the presence of a sacrificial hole scavenger. The optimized continuous flow synthesis provides an affordable methodology for the fabrication of cost‐effective, large‐scale photoanodes, which could potentially be applied for different photoelectrochemical reactions.
Robust Detection of Ecstasy‐Like and Adulterants Through ASAP‐MS and DD‐SIMCA
Authors: Soares Rafael D. , John Danielle K. , Thomé Marcos P. , Corrêa Patrícia S. , Souza Klester S. , Ferrão Marco F. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTEcstasy is a complex and hazardous substance, and its identification is increasingly challenging. Conventional analytical methods have limitations in terms of sensitivity and selectivity, and more precise techniques are time‐consuming and necessitate sample preparation. ASAP‐MS and DD‐SIMCA are two methods that have the potential to address these issues. This research delves into the efficacy of ASAP‐MS and DD‐SIMCA as a rapid and dependable approach for detecting ecstasy and its adulterants. PCA was conducted as an initial exploration, with the first three principal components (PCs) capturing 69% of the overall data variability. The score plot of PC1 × PC3 revealed the distribution of samples containing MDA and MDMA. The DD‐SIMCA model exhibited high sensitivity in identifying the target samples (MDA) and relatively high specificity in training and test sets. These results underscore the effectiveness of ASAP‐MS, PCA, and DD‐SIMCA for precise identification of ecstasy and its adulterants, indicating their potential in drug identification and analysis. We observed that the chemometric model associated with ASAP‐MS was able to accurately identify, when compared to the results obtained by the standard technique, the constituents of ecstasy tablets, even in the presence of adulterants. Furthermore, the method could detect emerging psychoactive substances that are typically not targeted by traditional analytical approaches. These findings suggest that ASAP‐MS and DD‐SIMCA could be valuable tools in forensic drug analysis laboratories. The method is rapid, reliable, and versatile for identifying a wide range of ecstasy and its adulterants.