bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasensitive Flexible Pressure Sensors with Broad Linear Detection Range Enabled by Magnetically Induced Self‐Assembled Parallel Circuit
Authors: Zhang Zeying , Qiao Jiacheng , Peng Bin , Dong Guohua , Zhang Qi , Zhan Wang , Xue Li , Zhang Cuiling , Wu Jingen , Peng Niancai , Jiang Zhuangde , Liu Ming , Zhang Xiaohui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFlexible pressure sensors have attracted intensive interest for promising applications in healthcare monitoring and flexible electronic devices. Nonetheless, designing flexible pressure sensors to achieve both ultrahigh sensitivity (>1000 kPa−1) and an extensive linear range (>50 kPa) poses a significant challenge. In this study, a facile magnetic‐facilitated self‐assembly parallel circuit strategy to prepare high‐performance flexible pressure sensors in Nickel particles/polydimethylsiloxane (Ni/PDMS) matrices is proposed. The optimized magnetic‐induced Ni/PDMS piezoresistive sensor (MANPS) exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 3707 kPa−1 over a wide broad linear range (0–80 kPa), and excellent durability with the capability of withstanding 2000 pressure cycles. The MANPS is able to detect a broad range of pressures from pulse to plantar pressures (≈60 kPa), demonstrating great potential for whole‐body healthcare monitoring. Additionally, the sensor is further assembled into an array configuration (2 × 5 pixels) for the assessment of plantar pressure distribution. Importantly, the sensitivity and linear range of the MANPS can be readily adjusted by modifying the mixing ratio of the curing agent, thereby significantly broadening its potential applications.
Modeling multicomponent wax deposition and aging on cold surfaces with application to pipeline fouling
Authors: Ogunwale Samuel A. , Mahir Luqman Hakim Ahmad , Larson Ronald G. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA multicomponent model is developed for wax deposition onto a cold finger from a stirred wax‐containing oil. It utilizes Coutinho's thermodynamic equations for wax component concentrations and energy and mass transport equations within the deposit and from the oil and is the first cold‐finger model to predict both deposit thickness growth and aging by selective precipitation of heavier wax components. While it captures well deposit thickness growth, it requires preventing re‐dissolution of deposited wax to avoid shrinkage not observed in experiments. The model predicts deposit aging reasonably well but with quantitative deviations for the heavier wax of up to a factor of two. Possible explanations include the inadequacy of Hayduk‐Minhas and Cussler's hindered‐diffusion models to the soluble multicomponent wax diffusivities. Using pseudo two‐ and one‐component representation can reasonably predict the deposit thickness and aging of multi‐component deposits. This work shows an improved approach to modeling wax deposition and aging.
Efficient acid/alkali recovery enabled by only one negatively charged microporous polymer membrane
Authors: Wu Wenyi , Yan Junying , Li Hui , Zuo Peipei , Yang Zhengjin , Xu Tongwen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe recovery of acid/base from industrial wastewater via membrane technology is energy efficient and has a low carbon footprint, while demanding high‐performing ion exchange membranes. It remains a grand challenge for ion exchange membranes, enabling concomitantly fast H+/OH− transport and high ion selectivity. This article presents a negatively charged microporous polymer membrane, a sulfonated polyxanthene membrane, which has intrinsic micropore channels for H+/OH− permeation, and we find that highly selective H+ and OH− transport can be acquired with the same membrane. This membrane exhibits a high H+/Fe2+ selectivity of 617 (6.3 times that of the commercial CIMS membrane) in acid recovery and a very high OH−/WO42− selectivity of 649 (the highest value ever reported) in alkali recovery while maintaining comparable H+/OH− transport rate. The results highlight the importance of hydrophilic micropores as ion‐selective channels in constructing high‐performing ion exchange membranes for resource recovery.
The effect of photooxidation aging on the cohesion and interfacial adhesion behavior of epoxy asphalt with a composite acidic curing system based on molecular simulation
Authors: Min Zhaohui , Li Mingyue , Chen Fei , Wang Qichang , Huang Wei , Shao Kaimo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper investigated the cross‐linking network structure of epoxy asphalt (EA) with the different ratio of composite curing agents, and further determined the effect of photooxidation aging on the tensile and interfacial adhesion behavior of EA with different cross‐linking network structures through molecular simulation. Based on the molecular models of EA and the interface model between EA and aggregate, the crosslinking network structural characteristics and tensile mechanical behavior were determined. The interfacial adhesion behavior and the mechanization were further studied. The results indicate that 20‐EA and 6‐EA have an epoxy resin cross‐linked network with uniform pore structure and phase distribution. 2‐EA showed a denser cross‐linking network and uneven aggregation phenomenon. Photooxidative aging alleviated the aggregation phenomenon. A dense cross‐linking network improved the tensile strength and the ability of tensile performance to resist photooxidation aging. The interface of EA‐quartz exhibited higher adhesion strength than EA‐calcite due to the closer distance and stronger nonbonding interactions between EA and quartz. The low anhydride content and photooxidation aging made EA approach to the aggregate interface, increasing nonbonding interaction and interfacial adhesion strength. In addition, quartz aggregates were more suitable for application in EA mixtures due to the higher interfacial adhesion strength and lower water sensitivity.
Advanced imaging use and delays among inpatients with psychiatric comorbidity
Authors: Bartsch Emily , Shin Saeha , Sheehan Kathleen , Fralick Michael , Verma Amol , Razak Fahad , Lapointe‐Shaw Lauren 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether presence of a psychiatric comorbidity impacts use of inpatient imaging tests and subsequent wait times.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of all patients admitted to General Internal Medicine (GIM) at five academic hospitals in Toronto, Ontario from 2010 to 2019. Exposure was presence of a coded psychiatric comorbidity on admission. Primary outcome was time to test, as calculated from the time of test ordering to time of test completion, for computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, or peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) insertion. Multilevel mixed‐effects models were used to identify predictors of time to test, and marginal effects were used to calculate differences in absolute units (h). Secondary outcome was the rate of each type of test included. Subgroup analyses were performed according to type of psychiatric comorbidity: psychotic, mood/anxiety, or substance use disorder.ResultsThere were 196,819 GIM admissions from 2010to 2019. In 77,562 admissions, ≥1 advanced imaging test was performed. After adjusting for all covariates, presence of any psychiatric comorbidity was associated with increased time to test for MRI (adjusted difference: 5.3 h, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.9–6.8), PICC (adjusted difference: 3.7 h, 95% CI: 1.6–5.8), and ultrasound (adjusted difference: 3.0 h, 95% CI: 2.3–3.8), but not for CT (adjusted difference: 0.1 h, 95% CI: −0.3 to 0.5). Presence of any psychiatric comorbidity was associated with lower rate of ordering for all test types (adjusted difference: −17.2 tests per 100 days hospitalization, interquartile range: −18.0 to −16.3).ConclusionsThere was a lower rate of ordering of advanced imaging among patients with psychiatric comorbidity. Once ordered, time to test completion was longer for MRI, ultrasound, and PICC. Further exploration, such as quantifying rates of cancelled tests and qualitative studies evaluating hospital, provider, and patient barriers to timely advanced imaging, will be helpful in elucidating causes for these disparities.
Diagnostic accuracy of serum protein induced by vitamin K absence (PIVKA‐II), serum a‐fetoprotein and their combination for hepatocellular carcinoma among Caucasian cirrhotic patients with diagnostic or non‐diagnostic serum a‐fetoprotein levels
Authors: Syriha Antonia , Pantzios Spyridon , Mandilara Dionysia , Galanis Petros , Stathopoulou Ioanna , Barla Georgia , Elefsiniotis Ioannis 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of our study was to evaluate the accuracy of serum biomarkers (AFP/PIVKA‐II) and their combination in HCC diagnosis among Caucasian cirrhotic patients.MethodsSerum AFP/PIVKA‐II levels were evaluated in 218 cirrhotics (163 males, 118 CTP‐A, 66 ALBI‐I, 111 with varices, 63 with diabetes) with (n = 90) or without (n = 128) HCC. Patients with HCC were categorized to BCLC Stage 0/A (n = 12), B (n = 21), C (n = 48), and D (n = 9).ResultsThe two groups were comparable for all baseline parameters except for age, platelets, and diabetes presence. Median levels of AFP (239.1 vs. 4.0 ng/mL) and PIVKA‐II (4082.7 vs. 45.8 mAU/mL) were both significantly higher in HCC group compared to controls (p < 0.001). AUROC and cutoff value for HCC diagnosis were 88%/12.35 ng/mL (AFP) and 84.4%/677.13 mAU/mL (PIVKA‐II), whereas their combination showed better diagnostic accuracy (AUROC = 90.2%). The diagnostic accuracy of each biomarker separately was moderate or good in BCLC‐0/A/B and was excellent only for BCLC‐C patients (AFP: AUROC = 94.3%, cutoff = 12.35 ng/mL and PIVKA‐II: 91.3%, 253.51 mAU/mL) whereas their combination presented quite acceptable results in BCLC‐B (AUROC = 92.4%) and BCLC‐C (AUROC = 95.7%). Excluding HCC patients with high AFP (above 400 ng/mL), the diagnostic accuracy of each biomarker separately and their combination was moderate/good in all groups, except for their combination in BCLC‐C (AUROC = 90.5%).ConclusionsEach biomarker separately showed acceptable accuracy for detecting HCC in cirrhotic patients and excellent for those in BCLC‐C stage. The combination of the biomarkers presented excellent results in BCLC‐B/C patients. The diagnostic accuracy of PIVKA‐II and the combination of the two biomarkers in patients expressing low/non‐diagnostic AFP levels was good in BCLC‐B and excellent in BCLC‐C patients.
Regulatory role of miRNAs in nasopharyngeal cancer involving PTEN/PI3K/AKT, TGFβ/SMAD, RAS/MAPK, Wnt/β‐catenin and pRB‐E2F signaling pathways: A review
Authors: S. M. N. Mydin Rabiatul Basria , Azlan Adam , Okekpa Simon I. , Gooderham Nigel J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNA) are small and conserved noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. These groups of RNAs are crucial in various cellular processes, especially in mediating disease pathogenesis, particularly cancer. The dysregulation of miRNAs was reported in many cancer types, including nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC), which is a malignant tumor of the nasopharynx. In this review, miRNAs involvement in crucial signaling pathways associated with NPC such as PTEN/PI3K/AKT, TGFβ/SMAD, RAS/MAPK, Wnt/β‐catenin and pRB‐E2F was investigated. miRNAs could function as tumor suppressor‐miR or onco‐miR in NPC profoundly influenced cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and metastasis. This comprehensive review of current literature provided a thorough profile of miRNAs and their interplay with the aforementioned signaling pathways in NPC. Understanding these molecular interactions could remarkably impact the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic strategies for NPC.
NHC‐Rhodium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Novel Silsesquioxanes Containing S‐Si and S‐Ge Bonds and Their Application in Hydrosilylation Process
Authors: Hanek Kamil , Grzegorczyk Kacper , Żak Patrycja 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe efficient and straightforward NHC‐rhodium‐catalyzed thiol‐silane and thiol‐germanane coupling reactions, leading to new classes of functionalized SQ‐based materials, are presented for the first time. The proposed strategies use commercially available reagents and show a broad functional groups tolerance, which opens a possibility of effective synthetic procedures of biologically active compounds.
Characterizing the burden of biliary tract cancers across 28 hospitals in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Choi Woo Jin , Roberts Surain , Verma Amol , Razak Fahad , O’Kane Grainne M. , Gallinger Steven , Hirschfield Gideon , Hansen Bettina , Sapisochin Gonzalo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThe incidence of biliary tract cancers (BTC) appears to be increasing worldwide. We analyzed the characteristics of BTC‐related hospitalizations under medical services across 28 hospitals in Ontario, Canada.MethodsThis study uses data collected by GEMINI, a hospital research data network. BTC‐related hospitalizations from 2015 to 2021 under the Department of Medicine or intensive care unit were captured using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, codes for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and gallbladder cancers.ResultsA total of 4596 BTC‐related hospitalizations (2720 iCCA, 1269 extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, 607 gallbladder cancers) were analyzed. The number of unique patients with BTC‐related hospitalizations increased over time. For iCCA‐related hospitalizations, the total number of hospitalizations increased (from 385 in 2016 to 420 in 2021, p = .005), the hospital length of stay decreased over the study period (mean 10 days [SD, 12] in 2016 to 9 days [SD, 8] in 2021, p = .04), and the number of in‐hospital deaths was stable (from 68 [18%] in 2016 to 55 [13%] in 2021, p = .62). Other outcomes such as 30‐day readmissions, medical imaging tests, intensive care unit–specific hospitalizations, and length of stay were stable over time for all cohorts. The cost of hospitalization for the BTC cohort increased from median $8203 CAD (interquartile range, 5063–15,543) in 2017 to $8507 CAD (interquartile range, 5345–14,755) in 2021.ConclusionsThis real‐world data analysis showed a rising number of patients with BTC‐related hospitalizations and rising number of iCCA‐related hospitalizations across 28 hospitals in Ontario between 2015 and 2021.
SVM‐SFL based malicious UAV detection in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Prasad Siyyadula Venkata Rama Vara , Khilar Pabitra Mohan 
Published: February 2024

SummaryIn the modern era, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based wireless sensor networks (WSN) are rising technologies in wireless communication. Through UAV, the sensed data can be forwarded to the base station. However, the increase in network users leads to several malicious attacks on UAVs. Hence, it affects the performance of a WSN platform while transmitting private information through UAVs. Therefore, the proposed study intends to develop an effective malicious UAV detection approach using a machine‐learning algorithm. Initially, the deployed sensor nodes in WSN are utilized to collect the environmental data. These sensor nodes transmit the collected data to the UAV. During data transmission, the sensor nodes generate a feed packet (authentication parameter) and forward it to the UAV along with the sensed information. The feedback packet is encrypted through a proxy re‐encryption scheme to secure the input data. These encrypted packets with the sensed input data are then transmitted to the base station. Finally, the feedback packet is decrypted and attains the actual input information. From the received data, the classification is performed using a proposed support vector machine with a shuffled frog leap (SVM‐SFL) approach. The proposed approach is implemented with the NS3 Python tool, and the results are analyzed by evaluating several performance matrices. Compared with other existing methods, the proposed study obtained improved results in terms of accuracy (98.61%), precision (98.5%), sensitivity (98.63%), and F‐measure (98.62%).
Study of timing of irrigation after foliar application of putrescine on phytochemical and physiological responses of sage
Authors: Mohammadi‐Cheraghabadi Maryam , Mousavi Amir , Hazrati Saeid , Modarres‐Sanavy Seyed Ali Mohammad , Sefidkon Fatemeh , Mokhtassi‐Bidgoli Ali 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSalvia officinalis L. (sage) is a valuable medicinal plant with various secondary metabolites. These compounds are usually inducible by different stress conditions, for example, water‐deficit stress. Therefore, cost‐effective and eco‐friendly approaches for alleviating water‐deficit stress in medicinal plant crops are in high demand. Polyamines (PAs), such as putrescine, have a significant effect on improving crop yield under water‐deficit stress conditions. Therefore, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design using two factors and three replications was conducted. Treatments included irrigation regime (IR) and timing of IR after foliar application of putrescine (TIRFP) as follows: irrigation after depletion of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% available soil water (ASWD). TIRFP was performed at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h. The treatments affected morphological, physiological, molecular, and biochemical attributes. TIRFP of 72 h under IR of 80% ASWD improved the leaf area index, relative water content, antioxidant enzyme activities, and total radical scavenging capacity compared with the controlled treatment. The results of real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis showed the highest level of sabinene synthase (SS) and bornyl diphosphate synthase (BPPS), the highest contents of 1,8‐cineole, β‐thujone, and camphor appeared in plants after 72 h of TIRFP under IR of 80% ASWD. The findings of this study confirm the protective role of putrescine against water stress. In conclusion, putrescine foliar application allows for balanced water retention. It preserves antioxidant capacity resulting in efficient photosynthesis and the restricted risk of oxidative damage under water‐deficit stress. It improves sage plants’ physiological attributes and valuable monoterpenes components of essential oil.
Day‐to‐day sleep variability with Alzheimer's biomarkers in at‐risk elderly
Authors: Baril Andrée‐Ann , Picard Cynthia , Labonté Anne , Sanchez Erlan , Duclos Catherine , Mohammediyan Béry , Ashton Nicholas J. , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Breitner John C. S. , Villeneuve Sylvia , Poirier Judes ,   PREVENT‐AD Research Group
Published: February 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONMeasuring day‐to‐day sleep variability might reveal unstable sleep‐wake cycles reflecting neurodegenerative processes. We evaluated the association between Alzheimer's disease (AD) fluid biomarkers with day‐to‐day sleep variability.METHODSIn the PREVENT‐AD cohort, 203 dementia‐free participants (age: 68.3 ± 5.4; 78 males) with a parental history of sporadic AD were tested with actigraphy and fluid biomarkers. Day‐to‐day variability (standard deviations over a week) was assessed for sleep midpoint, duration, efficiency, and nighttime activity count.RESULTSLower cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ApoE, higher CSF p‐tau181/amyloid‐β (Aβ)42, and higher plasma p‐tau231/Aβ42 were associated with higher variability of sleep midpoint, sleep duration, and/or activity count. The associations between fluid biomarkers with greater sleep duration variability were especially observed in those that carried the APOE4 allele, mild cognitive impairment converters, or those with gray matter atrophy.DISCUSSIONDay‐to‐day sleep variability were associated with biomarkers of AD in at‐risk individuals, suggesting that unstable sleep promotes neurodegeneration or, conversely, that AD neuropathology disrupts sleep‐wake cycles.
Estimation and interpretation problems and solutions when using proportion covariates in linear regression models
Authors: Valle Denis , Mintz Jeffrey , Brack Ismael Verrastro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractProportion variables, also known as compositional data, are very common in ecology. Unfortunately, few scientists are aware of how compositional data, when used as covariates, can adversely impact statistical analysis. We describe here how proportion covariates result in multicollinearity and parameter identifiability problems. Using simulated data on bird species richness as a function of land use, we show how these problems manifest when fitting a wide range of models in R, both in a frequentist and Bayesian framework. In particular, we show that similar models can often generate substantially different parameter estimates, leading to very different conclusions. Dropping a covariate or the intercept from the model can solve the multicollinearity and parameter identifiability problems. Unfortunately, these solutions do not fix the inherent challenges associated with interpreting parameter estimates. To this end, we propose focusing the interpretation on the difference of slope parameters to avoid the inherent unidentifiability of individual parameters. We also propose conditional plots with two x‐axes and marginal plots as visualization techniques that can help users better interpret their modeling results. We illustrate these problems and proposed solutions using empirical data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey. The practical and straightforward approaches suggested in this article will help the fitting of linear models and interpretation of its results when some of the covariates are proportions.
Triumphs and trials with the UK abortion law: The power of collaboration in abortion reform
Authors: Lord Jonathan , Regan Lesley 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe UK is usually viewed as having liberal abortion regulations, providing good access to abortion care within a publicly funded health service. However, the underlying laws are authoritarian, dating from an era when public executions drew large crowds and 67 years before women were able to vote. Abortion is only legal when two doctors certify it meets the permitted grounds, and the penalty for self‐managed abortion is up to life imprisonment for both the woman and any accomplice. These laws had prevented the use of mifepristone and misoprostol at home. Changes to the regulations for misoprostol in 2018 and mifepristone in 2020 permitted home use, but the government announced they were rescinding the approval for mifepristone in 2022. This article discusses how, despite the opposition of government, significant progressive changes to the abortion laws were achieved. Early medical abortion at home is now protected in law, and safe access zones protect patients and staff from harassment and intimidation from protesters. Despite this progress, increasing numbers of women are facing criminal investigation and face long prison sentences if convicted. The need for decriminalization and for abortion care to be regulated like all other health care is the next pressing issue.