bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wieviel Internet braucht der Automatisierer? – Gedanken zu Internettechnologien als Ausbildungsinhalt (How much Internet needs the Automation Engineer? – Reflections on Internet Technology as Educational Subject)
Authors: Braune Annerose , Janschek Klaus 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Internettechnologien gelten als eine der Schlüsseltechnologien, um neue Anwendungsfelder der Automatisierung erfolgreich bearbeiten zu können. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Auswahl automatisierungsrelevanter Lehrinhalte zur Netzwerktechnik für die Ausbildung in der Studienrichtung Automatisierungs- und Regelungstechnik an der Fakultät Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik der TU Dresden und stellt die bisher gesammelten Erfahrungen bei der Umsetzung des Lehrkonzeptes vor.
Internetbasierte Schulung von Polymeranlagenfahrern mittels Prozesssimulation (Web-based Training for Polymer Plant Operators using Process Simulation)
Authors: Nyström Rasmus , Kroll Andreas , Frick Alexander , Stich Christian , Hütten Klaus , Langhauser Franz , Seebass Wilhelm , Kersting Meinolf 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
This paper describes a framework offering educational services for chemical plant operators using a process model simulated in real time over the Internet. An application service provider (ASP) approach avoids the barrier of capital investment of a site-based installation. Simulation-based education can be made available for virtually anyone at any time and anywhere through the use of thin clients. At the same time, the maintainability of the server software and model is greatly increased through the centralization of the simulation server. The utility described uses a rigorous dynamic process model for simulation but requires only a computer with a web browser and an Internet connection to establish real-time data communication with the simulation server.
Effiziente Applikation der Motorsteuerung mit dynamischen Modellen (Efficient Calculation of Engine Control Maps by Means of Dynamic Models)
Authors: Hafner Michael 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Eine manuelle Applikation der Motorsteuerung gestaltet sich aufgrund zusätzlicher Stellgrößen immer schwieriger. Als Alternative bieten sich modellgestützte Ansätze an. Diese stellen jedoch hohe Ansprüche an die Modelle — besonders wenn das Emissionsverhalten unmittelbar berücksichtigt werden soll. Hier werden dynamische neuronale Netze vorgeschlagen, die auf Daten einer sehr schnellen dynamischen Vermessung des Motorverhaltens am Prüfstand basieren. Die stationäre Kennfeldoptimierung erfolgt anschließend offline im Rechner und kann mit Hilfe der dynamischen Modelle an beliebige Abgastestzyklen adaptiert werden.
Informationsüberflutung, Bewältigungsmechanismen und Implikationen für Prozessleitsysteme (Information Input Overload, Coping Strategies and Implications for Process Control Systems)
Authors: Komischke Tobias 
Published: December 2003

Zusammenfassung
Die Prozessführung in Leitwarten ist gegenwärtig von einem technologischen Wandel betroffen, der getrieben wird von neueren Entwicklungen der Informationstechnik. Die Integration neuartiger leittechnischer Einrichtungen birgt die Gefahr, die Prozessführer zu überfordern. Eine wesentliche Gefahrenquelle geht dabei von einer Informationsüberflutung aus. Der vorliegende Artikel befasst sich mit dem Phänomen des Information Input Overload und den Implikationen für eine benutzergerechte Prozessführung.
Assistenz und Delegation mit mobilen Softwareagenten - Das Leitprojekt MAP (Assistance and Delegation using Software Agents - Lead Project MAP)
Authors: Weiss Manfred , Laube Manfred 
Published: December 2003

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Bericht präsentieren wir die wesentlichen Ergebnisse aus dem interdisziplinären Leitprojekt Multimedia Arbeitsplatz der Zukunft (MAP). Die technologischen Ziele von MAP lagen in der Entwicklung innovativer und sicherer Technologien, Methoden, Architekturen und Softwarekomponenten für multimodale Interaktion und multimediale Kommunikation am und für den mobilen Arbeitsplatz. Softwareagententechnologie ermöglicht das Delegieren zeitaufwändiger Routineaufgaben und eine intelligente, proaktive Unterstützung von Geschäftsprozessen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des mobilen Aspekts. Im Rahmen arbeits- und rechtswissenschaftlicher Begleitforschungsaktivitäten wurde auch der kritische Aspekt der Automatisierung rechtlich relevanter Transaktionen mittels Softwareagenten untersucht und die hierfür in MAP entwickelten Ansätze in einer Simulationsstudie validiert. Hier wurde in einzigartiger Weise technologische Innovation von Rechtsexperten, Psychologen, Soziologen, Arbeitswissenschaftlern und Vertretern der Gewerkschaften unterstützend begleitet, um die Akzeptanz und rechtliche Akzeptabilität der MAP-Ergebnisse sicherzustellen.
Eine interaktive Robotersteuerung für chirurgische Applikationen (An Interactive Controllable Robot for Surgical Applications)
Authors: Hein Andreas 
Published: December 2003

Zusammenfassung
In der Dissertation wurde die Steuerungsarchitektur, die Regelungsalgorithmen und die erstmalige Anwendung eines interaktiv bedienbaren chirurgischen Robotersystems vorgestellt. Im Gegensatz zu anderen Anwendungsgebieten müssen chirurgische Robotersysteme mit einem Chirurgen kooperieren, anstatt eine Aufgabe automatisch auszuführen. Die vorgestellte Architektur ermöglicht die sichere gemeinsame Ausführung und ermöglicht die neuartige interaktive Führung des Roboters. Das System wurde zum exakten Bohren in der Kopfchirurgie klinisch eingesetzt.
Optische Backplanes für Avionik und Telekommunikation (Optical Backplanes for Avionic and Telecommunications)
Authors: Moisel Jörg 
Published: December 2003

Zusammenfassung
Für Anwendungen in der Luft- und Raumfahrt wurde eine optische Backplane, basierend auf Multimode-Polymerwellenleitern, entwickelt. Über die ursprünglich geplanten Anwendungen hinaus ergeben sich auch Einsatzmöglichkeiten im Bereich der Telekommunikation. Die Modendispersion der Multimodewellenleiter kann für Übertragungslängen bis zu 1 m und Datenraten bis zu 10 Gbit/s vernachlässigt werden. Die Wellenleiter können mit einem sequenziellen Verfahren (Direktschreiben) auf großen Substraten (Aluminiumblechen, FR4 und andere) hergestellt werden. Verzweiger und Koppler lassen sich mit dem selben Verfahren herstellen. Die Wellenleiter haben eine geringe Dämpfung (0,04 dB/cm bei 850 nm) und hohe Temperaturstabilität (>250 °C). Als Sendeelemente werden Laserdioden mit Vertikalresonatoren (VCL, VCSEL) mit einer Wellenlänge von 850 nm verwendet. Die Wellenleiterquerschnitte liegen etwa im Bereich von 250μm×250μm bis 100μm×100μm. Datenraten bis zu 10 Gbit/s wurden erfolgreich bei einer Wellenleiterlänge von über 100 cm getestet. Für den Übergang zwischen Leiterkarten und Backplane wird eine Freiraumübertragung mit aufgeweitetem Strahl verwendet, wodurch große Justagetoleranzen erreicht werden. Der gesamte Verlust zwischen Sender und Empfänger liegt typischerweise zwischen 2 bis 8 dB, abhängig von der Wellenleiterlänge, Krümmungsradien und Zahl der Wellenleiterkreuzungen.
Optische Verbindungstechnik auf elektrischen Leiterplatten: Technologie – Entwurf – Modellierung (Optical Interconnection Technology on the Printed Circuit Board Level: Technology – Design – Modelling)
Authors: Griese Elmar 
Published: December 2003

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird die optische Aufbau -und Verbindungstechnik auf Leiterplatten als Schlüsseltechnologie für zukünftige elektronische Geräte vorgestellt. Neben verschiedenen Technologien zur Herstellung optischer Lagen mit integrierten optischen Wellenleitern werden der Entwurf elektrisch-optischer Leiterplatten und Verfahren zur entwurfsunterstützenden Modellierung und Simulation optischer Wellenleiter beschrieben.
Integrierte optoelektronische Crossbar-Architekturen in planar-integrierter Freiraumoptik (Integrated Optoelectronic Crossbar Architectures in Planar Integrated Free-Space Optics)
Authors: Sinzinger Stefan , Cao Qing , Gruber Matthias , Jahns Jürgen 
Published: December 2003

Zusammenfassung
Crossbar-Architekturen oder Kreuzschienenverteiler finden Anwendung in Vermittlungssystemen und Rechnerarchitekturen. In ihnen werden N Eingänge über eine 2D-Schaltmatrix mit M Ausgängen verknüpft. Für zunehmende Kanalzahlen ergeben sich Anforderungen an die Anzahl der erforderlichen Verbindungen, die eine 3D-Verbindungstechnologie auf der Grundlage der Freiraumoptik interessant erscheinen lassen. In diesen Fällen ist eine kompakte Realisierung erforderlich. Mit Hilfe der planar-integrierten Freiraumoptik können sehr kompakte und stabile Systeme aufgebaut werden. In diesem Artikel werden unterschiedliche optoelektronische Crossbar-Verbindungssysteme, welche auf dieser Technologie beruhen, anhand experimenteller Ergebnisse beschrieben.
The Potential of Bacterial Isolates for Emulsification with a Range of Hydrocarbons
Authors: Rahman K. S. M. , Rahman T. J. , Lakshmanaperumalsamy P. , Marchant R. , Banat I. M. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractA study was undertaken to investigate the distribution of biosurfactant producing and crude oil degrading bacteria in the oil contaminated environment. This research revealed that hydrocarbon contaminated sites are the potent sources for oil degraders. Among 32 oil degrading bacteria isolated from ten different oil contaminated sites of gasoline and diesel fuel stations, 80% exhibited biosurfactant production. The quantity and emulsification activity of the biosurfactants varied. Pseudomonas sp. DS10‐129 produced a maximum of 7.5 ± 0.4 g/l of biosurfactant with a corresponding reduction in surface tension from 68 mN/m to 29.4 ± 0.7 mN/m at 84 h incubation. The isolates Micrococcus sp. GS2‐22, Bacillus sp. DS6‐86, Corynebacterium sp. GS5‐66, Flavobacterium sp. DS5‐73, Pseudomonas sp. DS10‐129, Pseudomonas sp. DS9‐119 and Acinetobacter sp. DS5‐74 emulsified xylene, benzene, n‐hexane, Bombay High crude oil, kerosene, gasoline, diesel fuel and olive oil. The first five of the above isolates had the highest emulsification activity and crude oil degradation ability and were selected for the preparation of a mixed bacterial consortium, which was also an efficient biosurfactant producing oil emulsifying and degrading culture. During this study, biosurfactant production and emulsification activity were detected in Moraxella sp., Flavobacterium sp. and in a mixed bacterial consortium, which have not been reported before.
Pluronic F‐68 Enhanced Shoot Regeneration in Micropropagated Citrus Rootstock and Passiflora Species
Authors: Gill M. I. S. , Cancino G. O. , Anthony P. , Davey M. R. , Power J. B. , Lowe K. C. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe promotory effects have been studied of the non‐ionic surfactant, Pluronic F‐68, on bud induction/shoot regeneration in epicotyl and cotyledon explants of Citrus depressa and on shoot regeneration from leaf segments of 4–6 week‐old axenic nodal segment‐derived in vitro plants of Passiflora mollissima, P. giberti and P. edulis var. flavicarpa. For epicotyls of C. depressa, supplementation of agar‐solidified MS‐based bud induction/shoot regeneration medium with 0.5% [w/v] Pluronic F‐68 significantly (P < 0.05) increased mean fresh weight gain of cultures, percentage of explants giving shoots and number of shoots per explant. The same Pluronic concentration also enhanced the mean percentage of cotyledons exhibiting bud induction and the number of buds regenerated per cotyledon explant. Fresh weight gain was unaffected across the range of concentrations (0.001–0.5% w/v) of Pluronic F‐68 evaluated for this latter explant source. For leaf explants from axenic shoot cultures of P. mollissima, supplementation of NN‐based medium, containing 3 mg/l 6‐benzyladenine and 2.0 mg/l kinetin with 0.001–0.5% [w/v] Pluronic F‐68, significantly (P < 0.05) increased mean (± s.e.m.) biomass gain by a maximum of 2.7 ± 0.1 g fresh weight (g f.wt.) over the control. Similarly, for leaf explants of P. giberti, 0.001–0.5% [w/v] Pluronic F‐68 in MS‐based medium, containing 1.0 mg/l 6‐BAP and 0.5 mg/l kinetin significantly (P < 0.05) increased mean percentage of explants undergoing shoot regeneration. For P. edulis leaf explants, mean f.wt. gain was also significantly (P < 0.05) higher with Pluronic F‐68 at 0.001–0.5% [w/v].
Enhancement of the Non‐Specific Defence Activities in Carp (Cyprinus carpio) and Flounder (Paralichthys olivcaces) by Oral Administration of Schizophyllan
Authors: Kwak J.‐K. , Park S. W. , Koo J.‐G. , Cho M.‐G. , Buchholz R. , Goetz P. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe effect of an immuno‐stimulative β‐glucan from Schizophyllum commune, schizophyllan, on the enhancement of fish immunity was evaluated with carp and flounder. The oral administration of schizophyllan induced a reduction in cumulative mortality after a bacterial challenge. Whereas mortality in the control groups was 100% after seven days, it was only 60% after challenging carp (Cyprinus carpio) with 1 × 106 cells of Aeromonas hydrophila and 70% for flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) using 1 × 106 cells of Edwardsiella tarda. The numbers of peripheral macrophages and neutrophiles, the phagocytic activities of leukocytes and the activity of serum lysozyme were increased in the fish being fed a schizophyllan‐supplemented diet. These results support the findings that non‐specific defence activities in fish such as the number of leukocytes, phagocytic activities and serum lysozyme activity could be enhanced by oral administration of schizophyllan. Moreover, the oral administration of schizophyllan can reduce mortality after bacterial infections depending on the size of fish and the concentrations of bacteria.
Inactivation of Escherichia coli K12 Using Atmospheric Gas Plasma Produced from Humidified Working Gas
Authors: Maeda Y. , Igura N. , Shimoda M. , Hayakawa I. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe bactericidal effect of atmospheric gas plasma (AGP) on Escherichia coli K12 cells in 0.9% [w/v] sodium chloride was investigated under normal atmospheric pressure. A plasma‐generating unit was supplied with working gas (air) at 25 °C and a relative humidity (RH) of 0, 14, 32, 43, 50, 60 or 70%. Gas plasma was generated using radio frequency discharge (20 kHz) under atmospheric pressure, and blown onto the surface of an E. coli cell suspension. Seven log‐cycles of cells were completely inactivated within 15 minutes of the start of AGP treatments using working gas at 32, 43, 50 or 60% RH. AGP at 14% RH inactivated only 2 log‐cycles of cells, but no inactivation was observed when air at 0% or 70% RH was used. The inactivation curves were biphasic and the rate constants for both stages were closely related to the RH of the working gas. The rate of cell inactivation was at its maximum at an RH of 43%. The bactericidal effect of the AGP treatment was not a result of ozone generation, however, the moisture content of the working gas was a significant factor in ensuring that E. coli K12 inactivation occurred. The interpretation of these data was that chemical species generated from the water molecules in the working gas were bactericidal in their effects.
Czochralski's Creative Mistake: A Milestone on the Way to the Gigabit Era
Authors: Evers Jürgen , Klüfers Peter , Staudigl Rudolf , Stallhofer Peter 
Published: December 2003

AbstractMuch of the rapid change in industry, science, and society is brought about by the meteoric development of the microelectronics industry. Daily life is affected by this development; one has only to think of mobile telephones and the chips on modern credit cards. The raw material for microelectronics is the single crystal of silicon, with very high purity and almost perfect crystal structure. About 95 % of the world's current production of silicon single crystals is achieved using the process that Jan Czochralski discovered in 1916. Today, single crystals of silicon can be grown that are up to 2 m long, 300 mm in diameter, and weigh up to 265 kg. The use of magnetic fields has led to significant advances in crystal‐drawing technology. Intensive research and development reveals that in addition to the technology, which provides crystals of ever‐increasing diameter, defect engineering, and the control of the numerous temperature‐dependent reactions of crystal defects, are of paramount importance.
The characteristic of photoluminescence of tris‐(7‐substituted‐8‐hydroxyquinoline) aluminum complexes and polymeric complexes
Authors: Duann Yeh‐Fang , Liao Yu‐Jung , Guo Wenjeng , Chang Shu‐Mei 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe 7‐allyl‐ and 7‐(2‐methylvinyl)‐functionalized derivatives of 8‐hydroquinoline are synthesized by Claisen rearrangement and double bond rearrangement respectively. Then 7‐allyl‐8‐hydroquinoline (C) and 7‐(2‐methylvinyl)‐8‐hydroquinoline (D) are reacted with aluminum chloride to afford the corresponding tris‐(7‐allyl‐8‐hydroxyquinoline) aluminum complex (F) and tris‐(7‐(2‐methylvinyl)‐8‐hydroxyquinoline) aluminum complex (G). The photoluminescence of complex (F) or (G), compared with that of tris‐(8‐hydroxyquinoline) aluminum complex (E), all showed a red shift in emission wavelengths in different solvents, such as chloroform, hexane and ethanol. For two substituents containing an external double bond, the 2‐methylvinyl group gives a larger red shift in the emission wavelength than the allyl group. The X‐ray crystal structure indicates that 7‐(2‐methylvinyl)‐8‐hydroxyquinoline (D) is a trans‐isomer. The styrene and 7‐allyl‐8‐hydroxyquinoline copolymer, and the styrene and 7‐(2‐methylvinyl)‐8‐hydroxyquinoline copolymer are also reported. Further reactions of the copolymer are then performed by adding aluminum(III) chloride and ligands 8‐hydroxyquinoline. The spectroscopic characteristics of these aluminum(III) polymeric complexes are discussed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tin(IV) complexes of 2‐benzoylpyridine N(4)‐phenyl‐thiosemicarbazone: spectral characterization, structural studies and antifungal activity
Authors: Rebolledo Anayive P. , de Lima Geraldo M. , Gambi Lillian N. , Speziali Nivaldo L. , Maia Daniel F. , Pinheiro Carlos B. , Ardisson José D. , Cortés Maria Esperanza , Beraldo Heloisa 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThree tin(IV) complexes of 2‐benzoylpyridine N(4)‐phenylthiosemicarbazone (H2Bz4Ph) were prepared: [Sn(L)Cl3] (1), [BuSn(L)Cl2] (2) and [(Bu)2Sn(L)Cl] (3), in which L stands for the anionic ligand formed upon complexation with deprotonation and release of HCl. The complexes were characterized by a number of spectroscopic techniques. The crystal structures of H2Bz4Ph and complex 3 were determined. The antifungal activity of the ligand and its tin(IV) complexes was tested against Candida albicans. The thiosemicarbazone proved to be more active than the tin(IV) complexes. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A sequential condition‐based repair/replacement policy with non‐periodic inspections for a system subject to continuous wear
Authors: Castanier B. , Bérenguer C. , Grall A. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThis paper studies a condition‐based maintenance policy for a repairable system subject to a continuous‐state gradual deterioration monitored by sequential non‐periodic inspections. The system can be maintained using different maintenance operations (partial repair, as good as new replacement) with different effects (on the system state), costs and durations. A parametric decision framework (multi‐threshold policy) is proposed to choose sequentially the best maintenance actions and to schedule the future inspections, using the on‐line monitoring information on the system deterioration level gained from the current inspection. Taking advantage of the semi‐regenerative (or Markov renewal) properties of the maintained system state, we construct a stochastic model of the time behaviour of the maintained system at steady state. This stochastic model allows to evaluate several performance criteria for the maintenance policy such as the long‐run system availability and the long‐run expected maintenance cost. Numerical experiments illustrate the behaviour of the proposed condition‐based maintenance policy. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A real options approach for entering the Internet securities trading businesses with start‐up time
Authors: Lin Chin‐Tsai , Lin Tyrone T. , Yeh Lung‐Chu 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThis paper uses a real options approach to establish a new evaluation model under uncertainty of both the volume of Internet securities transactions and the total transaction volume of a securities firm. The proposed approach can assist securities firms in evaluating the optimal thresholds for entering the Internet securities trading business and withdrawing from the conventional securities trading business. This paper assumes that the annual number of Internet securities transactions and the total annual number of securities transactions both follow a geometric Brownian motion. Besides, this model considers a start‐up time to complete the entry project's procedure. Accordingly, a decision model based on the real options approach is introduced, and the closed form solutions for the optimal threshold values of the entry or withdrawal models are determined. The conclusions provide some valuable references to help strategic managers of securities firms in making decisions on entering the Internet securities trading business or withdrawing from the conventional trading business. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for quantitative determination of 7‐ethyl‐10‐hydroxycamptothecin (SN‐38) in human plasma containing liposome‐based SN‐38 (LE‐SN38)
Authors: Khan Sumsullah , Ahmad Ateeq , Ahmad Imran 
Published: December 2003

Abstract7‐Ethyl‐10‐hydroxycamptothecin (SN‐38) is an active metabolite of Irinotecan (CPT‐11), an anticancer pro‐drug. To support clinical pharmacokinetic studies for liposome based formulation of SN‐38 (LE‐SN38) in cancer patients, a rapid, simple and sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for the quantiﬁcation of total SN‐38 in human plasma. Sample preparation was carried out by one‐step protein precipitation using cold acetonitrile with 0.5% acetic acid (v/v). Camptothecin was used as an internal standard (IS). Chromatographic separation of SN‐38 and IS was achieved using a Synergi Hydro‐RP column (C18, 50 × 2 mm, 4 µm), with a gradient elution of acetonitrile and 0.1% acetic acid. After ionization in electrospray source (positive ions), the acquisition was performed in the multiple reactions monitoring mode. Quantitation was accomplished using the precursor→product ion combinations of m/z 393.1→349.2 for SN‐38 and 349.1→305.1 for IS. The quantiﬁcation limit of 0.05 ng/mL was achieved by using much lower volume (0.2 mL) of plasma and in the presence of LE‐SN38. The method was validated over the concentration range of 0.05–400 ng/mL. Accuracy was within ±12% of nominal at all concentration levels. Inter‐day and intra‐day precisions expressed as percentage coefﬁcient of variation (%CVs) for quality control (QC) samples were less than 14 and 5%, respectively. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.