bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A sampling strategy for longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses using a large national claims database
Authors: McMurry Timothy L. , Lobo Jennifer M. , Kim Soyoun , Kang Hyojung , Sohn Min-Woong 
Published: February 2024

ImportanceThe United States (US) Medicare claims files are valuable sources of national healthcare utilization data with over 45 million beneficiaries each year. Due to their massive sizes and costs involved in obtaining the data, a method of randomly drawing a representative sample for retrospective cohort studies with multi-year follow-up is not well-documented.ObjectiveTo present a method to construct longitudinal patient samples from Medicare claims files that are representative of Medicare populations each year.DesignRetrospective cohort and cross-sectional designs.ParticipantsUS Medicare beneficiaries with diabetes over a 10-year period.MethodsMedicare Master Beneficiary Summary Files were used to identify eligible patients for each year in over a 10-year period. We targeted a sample of ~900,000 patients per year. The first year's sample is stratified by county and race/ethnicity (white vs. minority), and targeted at least 250 patients in each stratum with the remaining sample allocated proportional to county population size with oversampling of minorities. Patients who were alive, did not move between counties, and stayed enrolled in Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) were retained in the sample for subsequent years. Non-retained patients (those who died or were dropped from Medicare) were replaced with a sample of patients in their first year of Medicare FFS eligibility or patients who moved into a sampled county during the previous year.ResultsThe resulting sample contains an average of 899,266 ± 408 patients each year over the 10-year study period and closely matches population demographics and chronic conditions. For all years in the sample, the weighted average sample age and the population average age differ by &lt;0.01 years; the proportion white is within 0.01%; and the proportion female is within 0.08%. Rates of 21 comorbidities estimated from the samples for all 10 years were within 0.12% of the population rates. Longitudinal cohorts based on samples also closely resembled the cohorts based on populations remaining after 5- and 10-year follow-up.Conclusions and relevanceThis sampling strategy can be easily adapted to other projects that require random samples of Medicare beneficiaries or other national claims files for longitudinal follow-up with possible oversampling of sub-populations.
Analysis of water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities using the WASH-FIT approach and its relation to patient satisfaction and maternal mortality at hospitals in Indonesia
Authors: Purwandari Rina , Daniel D. , Hafidz Firdaus 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionThe provision of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) is critical to reducing infection and enhancing the quality of health care services. The study aims to assess WASH facilities in Indonesian hospitals using the Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Facility Improvement Tool (WASH-FIT) approach and examine their association with customer satisfaction and maternal mortality owing to infection.MethodsWe utilized the national scale Health Facilities Research dataset in Indonesian hospitals in 2019. WASH status is determined using WASH-FIT indicators, i.e., water, sanitation, waste management, hand hygiene, environmental cleaning, and management services, and then divided into three levels: poor, adequate, and good categories.ResultsThe majority of hospitals in Indonesia had a good category, i.e., the range of hospitals with a good category was 79–97% nationally, in 6 aspects: water, sanitation, hand hygiene, environmental cleaning, and management services, except for waste management services (13%). Good WASH service facilities are more frequently found in government hospitals than in private and specialized hospitals, while lower-level hospitals tend to have poor levels of all WASH-FIT indicators. There are significant relationships between adequate sanitation services (β = 0.724), adequate and good categories of hand hygiene services (β = 0.712 and 0.866, respectively), environmental cleaning (β = −0.501 and –0.503, respectively), and management (β = −0.645 and 0.446, respectively), with the proportion of maternal mortality owing to infection. Furthermore, there was no relationship between WASH-FIT indicators and patient satisfaction, except for good hand hygiene services (β = 0.453).DiscussionDespite good conditions in almost all WASH-FIT indicators, the improvement of waste management is urgently needed to improve the WASH services in hospitals in Indonesia, as also found in other developing countries.
Identification, analysis and prediction of valid and false information related to vaccines from Romanian tweets
Authors: Valeanu Andrei , Mihai Dragos Paul , Andrei Corina , Puscasu Ciprian , Ionica Alexandra Mihaela , Hinoveanu Miruna Ioana , Predoi Valentina Patricia , Bulancea Ema , Chirita Cornel , Negres Simona , Marineci Cristian Daniel 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionThe online misinformation might undermine the vaccination efforts. Therefore, given the fact that no study specifically analyzed online vaccine related content written in Romanian, the main objective of the study was to detect and evaluate tweets related to vaccines and written in Romanian language.Methods1,400 Romanian vaccine related tweets were manually classified in true, neutral and fake information and analyzed based on wordcloud representations, a correlation analysis between the three classes and specific tweet characteristics and the validation of several predictive machine learning algorithms.Results and discussionThe tweets annotated as misinformation showed specific word patterns and were liked and reshared more often as compared to the true and neutral ones. The validation of the machine learning algorithms yielded enhanced results in terms of Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve Score (0.744–0.843) when evaluating the Support Vector Classifier. The predictive model estimates in a well calibrated manner the probability that a specific Twitter post is true, neutral or fake. The current study offers important insights regarding vaccine related online content written in an Eastern European language. Future studies must aim at building an online platform for rapid identification of vaccine misinformation and raising awareness for the general population.
Nanofluidic systems for ion transport with tunable surface charges: fabrications, characterizations, and applications
Authors: Shi Dachuang , Zhou Le , Li Zhigang 
Published: February 2024

Nanofluidics deals with the statics and dynamics of simple and complex fluids in systems with at least one dimension below 100 nm. Under strong nanoconfinements, flows may show diverse phenomena, which find rich applications in a variety of areas. In the past decades, nanofluidics has attracted great interest. Particularly, surface charge-governed ion transport in nanofluidic systems shows new flow fashions that cannot be observed in bulk systems and have been applied in different fields in science and engineering. These applications have motivated many efforts in developing surface charge-governed nanofluidic systems, including device fabrications and characterizations. Recent advances in nanotechnology have led to significant progress in surface modifications, which offer new opportunities for surface charge-governed nanofluidics systems. In this review, we discuss recent development of nanofluidic systems with tunable surface charges. Specifically, relevant theories, experimental approaches, and performance comparisons regarding the state-of-the-art fabrication techniques, characterization methods, and applications are presented. Finally, we provide a perspective about the possible future topics and applications for advancing nanofluidic systems with tunable surface charge properties.
Surgical and oncological results after rectal resections with or without previous treatment for prostate cancer
Authors: Tomminen T. , Huhtala H. , Kotaluoto S. , Veitonmäki T. , Wirta E.-V. , Hyöty M. 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionPrevious treatment for prostate cancer (PC) may potentially affect the surgical and oncological outcomes of subsequent rectal cancer surgery, but there are only a few studies regarding this particular group. In this study, we present the 3-year surgical and oncological results of rectal cancer patients who had received previous treatment for PC at a single Finnish tertiary referral centre.Material and methodsData regarding all male patients diagnosed with rectal cancer and treated at Tampere University Hospital (TAUH) between 1997 and 2016 were gathered from medical records. In total, this study included 553 rectal cancer patients who underwent curative surgery, and 54 of them (9.8%) had a prior history of treatment for prostate cancer.ResultsPatients in the PC group were older and had more comorbidities compared with those in the non-PC group. The PC patients had a significantly higher risk of permanent stoma compared with the non-PC patients (61.5% vs. 45.2%, respectively, p = 0.025). The PC patients seemed to have lower tumours than the non-PC patients (87% vs. 75%, respectively, p = 0.05). Overall, the 3-year overall survival (OS) for the PC and non-PC patients was 74.1% and 80.6%, respectively. No significant differences were observed between the study groups even in the age-adjusted comparison [hazard ratio (HR): 1.07, confidence interval (CI) 95%: 0.60–1.89]. In the univariable analysis, radically operated patients without a history of PC exhibited an improved overall survival, (HR: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.34–4.53, p = 0.004). However, only a higher age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and a low tumour location (&lt;10 cm) were found to have an independent prognostic impact on worse OS in the multivariable analysis (HR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.36–1.82, p &lt; 0.001 and HR: 2.74, 95% CI: 1.32–5.70, p = 0.007, respectively). No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of disease-free or local recurrence-free survival.ConclusionRectal cancer is more frequently found in the middle or lower part of the rectum in patients who have previously received treatment for prostate cancer. These patients also have a higher likelihood of requiring a permanent stoma. In radically operated rectal cancer, the PC group had a worse OS rate, according to the univariable analysis. However, the only independent prognostic factors for a worse OS that were highlighted in the multivariable analysis included a higher CCI and a low tumour location.
Transforaminal endoscopic lumbar foraminotomy for octogenarian patients
Authors: Ahn Yong , Song Sung-Kyu 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundRadiculopathy caused by lumbar foraminal stenosis in older people has become more common in the aging general population. However, patients aged ≥80 years rarely undergo conventional open surgery under general anesthesia because of the high risk of peri-operative morbidity and adverse events. Therefore, less invasive surgical alternatives are needed for older or medically handicapped patients. Transforaminal endoscopic lumbar foraminotomy (TELF) under local anesthesia may be helpful in at-risk patients, although only limited information is available regarding the clinical outcomes of this procedure in octogenarians. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of TELF for treating radiculopathy induced by foraminal stenosis in octogenarian patients.MethodsOverall, 32 consecutive octogenarian patients with lumbar foraminal stenosis underwent TELF between January 2019 and January 2021. The inclusion criterion was unilateral radiculopathy secondary to lumbar foraminal stenosis. The pain focus was confirmed using imaging studies and selective nerve blocks. Full-scale foraminal decompression was performed using a percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic approach under local anesthesia. Surgical outcomes were assessed using the visual analog pain score, Oswestry Disability Index, and modified MacNab criteria.ResultsThe pain scores and functional outcomes improved significantly during the 24-month follow-up period, and the rate of clinical improvement was 93.75% in 30 of the 32 patients. None of the patients experienced systemic complications.ConclusionTELF under local anesthesia is an effective and safe treatment for foraminal stenosis in octogenarian or medically compromised patients. The mid-term follow-up did not reveal any significant progression in spinal stability. Therefore, this endoscopic procedure can be an effective alternative to aggressive surgery for managing lumbar foraminal stenosis in octogenarian patients with intractable radiculopathy.
Faecal incontinence—a comprehensive review
Authors: Dexter Eloise , Walshaw Josephine , Wynn Hannah , Dimashki Safaa , Leo Alex , Lindsey Ian , Yiasemidou Marina 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionFaecal incontinence (FI) is a distressing and often stigmatizing condition characterised as the recurrent involuntary passage of liquid or solid faeces. The reported prevalence of FI exhibits considerable variation, ranging from 7 to 15% in the general population, with higher rates reported among older adults and women. This review explores the pathophysiology mechanisms, the diagnostic modalities and the efficiency of treatment options up to date.MethodsA review of the literature was conducted to identify the pathophysiological pathways, investigation and treatment modalities.Result and discussionThis review provides an in-depth exploration of the intricate physiological processes that maintain continence in humans. It then guides the reader through a detailed examination of diagnostic procedures and a thorough analysis of the available treatment choices, including their associated success rates. This review is an ideal resource for individuals with a general medical background and colorectal surgeons who lack specialized knowledge in pelvic floor disorders, as it offers a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of faecal incontinence (FI).
Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) Patient and Nurse Preferences around Novel and Standard Automated PD Device Features
Authors: Sloand James A. , Marshall Mark R. , Barnard Steve , Pendergraft Rick , Rowland Nick , Lindo Steve J. 
Published: February 2024

Key PointsAdoption and extended time on peritoneal dialysis require patient input across a spectrum of needs, including automated PD (APD) device usability features that are less intimidating to patients and enable lifestyle advantages.Analysis of APD features critical to patients align with patient priorities identified in Standardized Outcomes in NephroloGy-PD: shorter setup time, mobility within the home, near silent operation, and modified APD size/orientation.BackgroundDespite offering greater lifestyle benefits to patients with ESKD, adoption of peritoneal dialysis (PD) remains low globally, particularly among minorities and the socioeconomically disadvantaged. While automated PD (APD) affords a high potential for reducing the burden of KRT, understanding patient preferences is critical to guiding development of new and improved APD devices to better accommodate use in their daily lives.MethodsA quantitative cross-sectional survey study was performed using adaptive conjoint analysis to quantify APD feature preferences among patients on PD, PD Registered Nurses (RNs), and non-PD patients to ascertain the relative importance of eight specific cycler attributes, including portability, noise, setup time, device size, setup directions, battery power, consumables, and PD RN control (PD RNs only), each with 2–3 descriptive feature levels.ResultsForty-two patients on PD, 24 non-PD patients, and 52 PD RNs were surveyed. Preference shares spanned nearly the entire range from 0% to 100%, indicating strong preference discrimination. For all groups, “Portability in the Home,” “Noise Level,” and “Setup Time” were the most important features. Patients on PD gave highest priority to these features compared with other study participants, plausibly as features enabling improved lifestyle. A simulated “coat rack” style cycler with extended battery power that was easy to move in the home, silent, required only 10-minute setup, and had a fully animated instruction screen was preferred by all groups >90% compared with features present in existing cyclers.ConclusionsAddressing APD cycler technical and therapy-related issues to improve usability, comfort, and convenience within the home may affect PD uptake and retention. Attention and priority must be given to patient-centric APD cycler design directed at including features that improve quality of life for the device end user.
Pengaruh Metode Question Student Have Dalam Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing (Guided Inquiry) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas Xi Mia Man 2 Makassar (Studi Pada Materi Larutan Penyangga)
Authors: Apriani H. Fiqrah , Sugiarti Sugiarti , Auliah Army 
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode Question Student Have pada pembelajaran model inkuiri terbimbing terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI MAN 2 Makassar. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Question Student Have pada model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing. Variabel terikatnya adalah hasil belajar peserta didik pada materi larutan penyangga. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh kelas XI MIA MAN 2 Makassar yang tersebar dalam 6 kelas. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 2 kelas yaitu kelas XI MIA 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan XI MIA 2 sebagai kelas kontrol dengan jumlah peserta didik pada kelas eksperimen sebanyak 41 dan kelas kontrol sebanyak 36 orang yang ditentukan dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu simple random sampling. Data hasil penelitian diperoleh dengan memberikan tes hasil belajar pada materi pokok larutan penyangga yang dianalisis menggunakan uji t. Pengujian hipotesis menghasilkan thitung = 1,349 > ttabel= 1,667 pada taraf signifikan α = 0,05. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh metode Question Student Have pada pembelajaran model inkuiri terbimbing terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI MAN 2 Makassar pada materi pokok larutan penyangga.

ABSTRACT
This is a quasi-experimental research that aimed to determine The Influence of Question Student Have Method in Guided Inquiry Learning Model to ward Student Learning Outcomes in Class XI MIA Man 2 Makassar. The independent variable in this study is the question student have method in the guided inquiry learning model. The dependent variable is student learning outcomes in buffer solution subject matter. The population of this research is all class XI MIA MAN 2 Makassar which is spread in 6 classes. The research sample consisted of 2 classes, namely class XI MIA 1 as the experimental class and XI MIA 2 as the control class with the number of students in the experimental class as many as 41 and the control class as many as 36 student determined by sample random sampling. The research data obtained by providing a learning outcomes test on the subject matter of buffer solution which was analyzed using the t test. The hypothesis test produces tcount = 1,349 > ttable = 1,667 at a significant level, α = 0.05. This shows that there is not an influence of the Question Student Have Method in guided iquiry learning model to student learning outcomes in Class XI MIA Man 2 Makassar on buffer solution subject matter.
Kekasaran Permukaan Plat Resin Akrilik dengan Pemolesan Menggunakan Serbuk Cangkang Bekicot (Lissachatina Fulica)
Authors: Gustina Mara , Efrata Eka R. , Prehananto Herlambang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Acrylic resin material is often used in making dentures because the color is similar to gingiva, easy to process, small dimensional changes, and relatively cheap price. One of the conditions that must be met is that the final product is easy to polish. Snail shell can be used as an abrasive for polishing acrylic plates because it contains protein, phosphorus and calcium. This study aimed to find out whether snail shell (Lissachatina fulica) powder as an abrasive material could reduce the roughness of acrylic surfaces. This was a laboratory and experimental study. Samples of acrylic resin plates were divided into three groups, group A was polished using sandpaper, group B was polished using pumice, and group C was polished using snail shell powder. Each group had nine samples of acrylic resin plates. Surface roughness of samples was tested with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the surface of group C samples was the smoothest compared to the other groups tested with SEM. In conclusion, snail shell (Lissachatina fulica) powder can be used as an abrasive material to reduce the roughness of acrylic surfaces.
Keywords: snail shell; surface roughness; acrylic resin plate

Abstrak: Bahan resin akrilik sering digunakan dalam pembuatan gigi palsu karena warnanya mirip dengan gingiva, mudah diolah, perubahan dimensi kecil, dan harganya relatif murah. Salah satu syarat yang harus dipenuhi ialah produk akhir mudah dipoles. Cangkang bekicot dapat digunakan sebagai abrasif untuk memoles pelat akrilik karena mengandung protein, fosfor dan kalsium. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah cangkang bekicot (Lissachatina fulica) sebagai bahan abrasif dapat mengurangi kekasaran permukaan akrilik. Sampel pelat resin akrilik dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok, kelompok A dipoles menggunakan amplas, kelompok B dipoles menggunakan batu apung, dan kelompok C dipoles menggunakan serbuk cangkang bekicot. Setiap kelompok memiliki sembilan sampel pelat resin akrilik. Kekasaran permukaan sampel diuji dengan scanning electron microscope (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa permukaan sampel golongan C paling halus dibandingkan dengan kedua kelompok lainnya. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah serbuk cangkang bekicot (Lissachatina fulica) dapat digunakan sebagai bahan abrasif.
Kata kunci: cangkang bekicot; kekasaran permukaan; plat resin akrilik
Exploración de la aplicación de pódcast en la enseñanza del vocabulario en ELE: La motivación de aprendizaje, el aprendizaje autodirigido y la eficacia en la adquisición del vocabulario en español para los alumnos sinohablantes
Authors: Yun-Ting Huang 
Published: February 2024

La irrupción de la Web 2.0 y de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) ha provocado un cambio sustancial en el ámbito educativo, con una incidencia más que evidente en el campo específico de la adquisición de segundas lenguas. Dado que la integración de la tecnología digital en la enseñanza debería orientarse adecuadamente para estimular de manera efectiva la motivación de aprendizaje de los estudiantes y lograr los objetivos de enseñanza, este proyecto utiliza el podcast como un medio digital complementario en la enseñanza del vocabulario. Su objetivo es guiar a los estudiantes en el uso de la tecnología para potenciar su motivación en el aprendizaje del vocabulario español, fomentar el desarrollo del autoaprendizaje y mejorar la eficacia del aprendizaje.
En este artículo se aborda la experiencia de diseño y aplicación del podcast en la enseñanza de vocabulario español para estudiantes universitarios sinohablantes, basada en el modelo ADDIE como un proceso de desarrollo instruccional. A continuación, se realiza un análisis sobre los resultados de una experiencia práctica en la asignatura de comprensión lectora y expresión escrita española para conocer las consideraciones, valoraciones y opiniones del alumnado. También se analiza el rendimiento de aprendizaje de los alumnos para determinar si existe una relación significativa a través de la implementación del podcast en la enseñanza de vocabulario. Finalmente, se proponen propuestas y sugerencias para la aplicación del podcast en la enseñanza/aprendizaje de ELE.