bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nursing students’ emotional empathy, emotional intelligence and higher education-related stress: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xu Jiashuang , Zhang Lin , Ji Qiqi , Ji Pengjuan , Chen Yian , Song Miaojing , Guo Leilei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Nursing is one of the critically important disciplines in healthcare. Due to its complexity and specificity, nursing students often face additional higher education-related stress. However, there is less research on higher education-related stress among nursing students. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of emotional empathy and emotional intelligence on the dimensions of higher education-related stress among nursing students.

Methods
This study utilized a multi-stage sampling design and was completed within the March-June 2023 period. A total of 1126 nursing students were recruited to complete the questionnaire. The self-administered questionnaire included the basic characteristics of the subjects, an emotional empathy scale, an emotional intelligence scale, and a higher education-related stress scale. One-way ANOVA/t-tests, correlation coefficients, and hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to explore the factors affecting higher education-related stress and the relationship between emotional empathy and emotional intelligence with the dimensions of higher education-related stress.

Results
The mean (SD) scores of challenges and dissatisfaction dimensions of higher education-related stress among nursing students were 30.052 (7.466) and 8.270 (2.205), respectively. Emotional empathy was significantly and positively related to the challenges and dissatisfaction dimensions of higher education-related stress. Emotional intelligence was negatively correlated with the challenges dimension of higher education-related stress and positively correlated with the dissatisfaction dimension. Stratified multiple regression analyses revealed that nursing students' emotional empathy and emotional intelligence were significant predictors of the dimensions of higher education-related stress.

Conclusion
Overall, emotional empathy and emotional intelligence were significantly correlated with all dimensions of higher education-related stress. Consequently, in future interventions, the Chinese government and education sector can develop nursing students' ability to use emotional empathy and emotional intelligence rationally through emotional regulation strategies and emotional intelligence courses, to reduce the higher education-related stress they experience.
Tissue-specific temperature dependence of RNA editing levels in zebrafish
Authors: Li Wenhao , Bu Mengdi , Hu Ruiqin , Jiang Shouwen , Chen Liangbiao , Somero George N. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
RNA editing by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) occurs in all metazoans and fulfils several functions. Here, we examined effects of acclimation temperature (27 °C, 18 °C,13 °C) on editing patterns in six tissues of zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Results
Sites and total amounts of editing differed among tissues. Brain showed the highest levels, followed by gill and skin. In these highly edited tissues, decreases in temperatures led to large increases in total amounts of editing and changes in specific edited sites. Gene ontology analysis showed both similarities (e.g., endoplasmic reticulum stress response) and differences in editing among tissues. The majority of edited sites were in transcripts of transposable elements and the 3′UTR regions of protein coding genes. By experimental validation, translation efficiency was directly related to extent of editing of the 3′UTR region of an mRNA.

Conclusions
RNA editing increases 3′UTR polymorphism and affects efficiency of translation. Such editing may lead to temperature-adaptive changes in the proteome through altering relative amounts of synthesis of different proteins.
Genome-wide expression QTL mapping reveals the highly dynamic regulatory landscape of a major wheat pathogen
Authors: Abraham Leen Nanchira , Croll Daniel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
In agricultural ecosystems, outbreaks of diseases are frequent and pose a significant threat to food security. A successful pathogen undergoes a complex and well-timed sequence of regulatory changes to avoid detection by the host immune system; hence, well-tuned gene regulation is essential for survival. However, the extent to which the regulatory polymorphisms in a pathogen population provide an adaptive advantage is poorly understood.

Results
We used Zymoseptoria tritici, one of the most important pathogens of wheat, to generate a genome-wide map of regulatory polymorphism governing gene expression. We investigated genome-wide transcription levels of 146 strains grown under nutrient starvation and performed expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) mapping. We identified cis-eQTLs for 65.3% of all genes and the majority of all eQTL loci are within 2kb upstream and downstream of the transcription start site (TSS). We also show that polymorphism in different gene elements contributes disproportionally to gene expression variation. Investigating regulatory polymorphism in gene categories, we found an enrichment of regulatory variants for genes predicted to be important for fungal pathogenesis but with comparatively low effect size, suggesting a separate layer of gene regulation involving epigenetics. We also show that previously reported trait-associated SNPs in pathogen populations are frequently cis-regulatory variants of neighboring genes with implications for the trait architecture.

Conclusions
Overall, our study provides extensive evidence that single populations segregate large-scale regulatory variation and are likely to fuel rapid adaptation to resistant hosts and environmental change.
Cellular reprogramming is driven by widespread rewiring of promoter-enhancer interactions
Authors: Wang Miao , He Bing , Hao Yueling , Srinivasan Divyaa , Shrinet Jatin , Fraser Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Long-range interactions between promoters and cis-regulatory elements, such as enhancers, play critical roles in gene regulation. However, the role of three-dimensional (3D) chromatin structure in orchestrating changes in transcriptional regulation during direct cell reprogramming is not fully understood.

Results
Here, we performed integrated analyses of chromosomal architecture, epigenetics, and gene expression using Hi-C, promoter Capture Hi-C (PCHi-C), ChIP-seq, and RNA-seq during trans-differentiation of Pre-B cells into macrophages with a β-estradiol inducible C/EBPαER transgene. Within 1h of β-estradiol induction, C/EBPα translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, binding to thousands of promoters and putative regulatory elements, resulting in the downregulation of Pre-B cell-specific genes and induction of macrophage-specific genes. Hi-C results were remarkably consistent throughout trans-differentiation, revealing only a small number of TAD boundary location changes, and A/B compartment switches despite significant changes in the expression of thousands of genes. PCHi-C revealed widespread changes in promoter-anchored loops with decreased interactions in parallel with decreased gene expression, and new and increased promoter-anchored interactions in parallel with increased expression of macrophage-specific genes.

Conclusions
Overall, our data demonstrate that C/EBPα-induced trans-differentiation involves few changes in genome architecture at the level of TADs and A/B compartments, in contrast with widespread reorganization of thousands of promoter-anchored loops in association with changes in gene expression and cell identity.
Recent advances on high-efficiency of microRNAs in different types of lung cancer: a comprehensive review
Authors: Sadeghi Mohammad Saleh , lotfi Mohadeseh , Soltani Narges , Farmani Elahe , Fernandez Jaime Humberto Ortiz , Akhlaghitehrani Sheida , Mohammed Safaa Hallol , Yasamineh Saman , Kalajahi Hesam Ghafouri , Gholizadeh Omid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCarcinoma of the lung is among the most common types of cancer globally. Concerning its histology, it is categorized as a non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC) and a small cell cancer (SCLC) subtype. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a member of non-coding RNA whose nucleotides range from 19 to 25. They are known to be critical regulators of cancer via epigenetic control of oncogenes expression and by regulating tumor suppressor genes. miRNAs have an essential function in a tumorous microenvironment via modulating cancer cell growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, metabolism, and apoptosis. Moreover, a wide range of information produced via several investigations indicates their tumor-suppressing, oncogenic, diagnostic assessment, and predictive marker functions in different types of lung malignancy. miRNA mimics or anti-miRNAs can be transferred into a lung cancer cell, with possible curative implications. As a result, miRNAs hold promise as targets for lung cancer treatment and detection. In this study, we investigate the different functions of various miRNAs in different types of lung malignancy, which have been achieved in recent years that show the lung cancer-associated regulation of miRNAs expression, concerning their function in lung cancer beginning, development, and resistance to chemotherapy, also the probability to utilize miRNAs as predictive biomarkers for therapy reaction.
Graphical abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection as a model to study the effect of cinnamaldehyde as adjuvant therapy for viral pneumonia
Authors: Vezzani Bianca , Perrone Mariasole , Carinci Marianna , Palumbo Laura , Tombolato Alberto , Tombolato Denis , Daminato Claudio , Gentili Valentina , Rizzo Roberta , Campo Gianluca , Morandi Luca , Papi Alberto , Spadaro Savino , Casolari Paolo , Contoli Marco , Pinton Paolo , Giorgi Carlotta 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe recent pandemic outbursts, due to SARS-CoV-2, have highlighted once more the central role of the inflammatory process in the propagation of viral infection. The main consequence of COVID-19 is the induction of a diffuse pro-inflammatory state, also defined as a cytokine storm, which affects different organs, but mostly the lungs. We aimed to prove the efficacy of cinnamaldehyde, the active compound of cinnamon, as an anti-inflammatory compound, able to reduce SARS-CoV-2 induced cytokine storm.ResultsWe enrolled 53 COVID-19 patients hospitalized for respiratory failure. The cohort was composed by 39 males and 13 females, aged 65.0 ± 9.8 years. We reported that COVID-19 patients have significantly higher IL-1β and IL-6 plasma levels compared to non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients. In addition, human mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients are significantly more prone to release pro-inflammatory cytokines upon stimuli. We demonstrated, using in vitro cell models, that macrophages are responsible for mediating the pro-inflammatory cytokine storm while lung cells support SARS-CoV-2 replication upon viral infection. In this context, cinnamaldehyde administration significantly reduces SARS-CoV-2-related inflammation by inhibiting NLRP3 mediated IL-1β release in both PBMCs and THP-1 macrophages, as well as viral replication in CaLu-3 epithelial cells. Lastly, aerosol-administered cinnamaldehyde was able to significantly reduce IL-1β release in an in vivo lung-inflammatory model.ConclusionThe obtained results suggest the possible use of cinnamaldehyde as a co-adjuvant preventive treatment for COVID-19 disease together with vaccination, but also as a promising dietary supplement to reduce, more broadly, viral induced inflammation.
The impact of erythroblast enucleation efficiency on the severity of anemia in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: An Chao , Xue Fumin , Sun Ling , Han Haiyan , Zhang Yali , Hu Yibo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAnemia is the most common manifestation in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients, but the cause of ineffective hematopoiesis is not fully understood. Enucleation is an important event in the maturation process of erythroblasts. According to a series of morphological phenotypes of the pathological development of MDS erythroblasts, we speculate that there may be enucleation disorders. To verify this hypothesis, we cultured MDS bone marrow CD34+ cells in vitro and induced erythroblast development. The results showed that erythroblast enucleation in MDS was significantly lower than that in the normal group, and the rate of enucleation was positively correlated with hemoglobin concentration. Risk stratification of MDS was performed to further analyze the differences in enucleation among the normal group, low-middle risk group and high-risk group. The results showed that the enucleation rate of the high risk group was higher than that of the low-middle risk group but still lower than that of the normal group. Moreover, the expression of pERK and pAKT in MDS erythroblasts in the high risk group was higher than that in the normal group, while the expression of pERK and pAKT in the low-middle risk group was lower than that in the normal group. Furthermore, the enucleation of MDS was positively correlated with the phosphorylation degree of ERK and AKT. In conclusion, this study reveals that the enucleation of erythroblasts is one of the possible causes of anemia in MDS.
Cascade training for scaling up care for perinatal depression in primary care in Nigeria
Authors: Oladeji Bibilola D. , Ayinde Olatunde O. , Bello Toyin , Kola Lola , Faregh Neda , Abdulmalik Jibril , Zelkowitz Phyllis , Seedat Soraya , Gureje Oye 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Task-shared care is a demonstrated approach for integrating mental health into maternal and child healthcare (MCH) services. Training and continued support for frontline providers is key to the success of task sharing initiatives. In most settings this is provided by mental health specialists. However, in resource constrained settings where specialists are in short supply, there is a need to explore alternative models for providing training and supportive supervision to frontline maternal care providers. This paper reports on the impact of a cascade training (train-the-trainers) approach in improving the knowledge and attitudes of primary healthcare workers (PHCW) to perinatal depression.

Methods
Senior primary health care providers selected from across participating local government areas were trained to provide training to other PHCWs. The training sessions facilitated by these trainers were observed and rated for fidelity by specialist trainers, while the trainees provided their impression of and satisfaction with the training sessions using predesigned assessment forms. Training outcomes assessed included knowledge of depression (using mhGAP training questions and knowledge of depression questionnaire) and attitude towards providing care for depression (revised depression attitude questionnaire (R-DAQ)) measured pre and post training as well as six months after training.

Results
Trainees were 198 PHCWs (94.4% female), who routinely provide MCH services in 28 selected primary care clinics and had between 6- and 34-years’ experience. Training was provided by 11 trained trainers who were general physicians or senior nurses. Training sessions were rated high in fidelity and on training style. Sessions were rated excellent by 77.8% of the trainees with the trainers described as knowledgeable, effective and engaging. Knowledge of depression mean score improved from a pre-training level of 12.3 ± 3.5 to 15.4 ± 3.7, immediately post-training and 14.7 ± 3.2, six months post-training (both comparisons: p < 0.001). The proportion of PHCW workers endorsing statements indicative of positive attitudes on the professional confidence and the generalist perspective modules of the R-DAQ also increased with training.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that cascade training can be an effective model for rapidly providing training and upskilling frontline PHCWs to deliver care for women with perinatal depression in resource limited settings.

Trial registration
This study was retrospectively registered 03 December 2019. https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN 94,230,307.
The alternative renin–angiotensin system in critically ill patients: pathophysiology and therapeutic implications
Authors: Garcia Bruno , Zarbock Alexander , Bellomo Rinaldo , Legrand Matthieu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe renin–angiotensin system (RAS) plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and the cardio-renal system. The classical RAS, mainly mediated by angiotensin I, angiotensin-converting enzyme, and angiotensin II, has been reported to be altered in critically ill patients, such as those in vasodilatory shock. However, recent research has highlighted the role of some components of the counterregulatory axis of the classical RAS, termed the alternative RAS, such as angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and angiotensin-(1–7), or peptidases which can modulate the RAS like dipeptidyl-peptidase 3, in many critical situations. In cases of shock, dipeptidyl-peptidase 3, an enzyme involved in the degradation of angiotensin and opioid peptides, has been associated with acute kidney injury and mortality and preclinical studies have tested its neutralization. Angiotensin-(1–7) has been shown to prevent septic shock development and improve outcomes in experimental models of sepsis. In the context of experimental acute lung injury, ACE2 activity has demonstrated a protective role, and its inactivation has been associated with worsened lung function, leading to the use of active recombinant human ACE2, in preclinical and human studies. Angiotensin-(1–7) has been tested in experimental models of acute lung injury and in a recent randomized controlled trial for patients with COVID-19 related hypoxemia. Overall, the alternative RAS appears to have a role in the pathogenesis of disease in critically ill patients, and modulation of the alternative RAS may improve outcomes. Here, we review the available evidence regarding the methods of analysis of the RAS, pathophysiological disturbances of this system, and discuss how therapeutic manipulation may improve outcomes in the critically ill.
Harnessing redox proteomics to study metabolic regulation and stress response in lignin-fed Rhodococci
Authors: Li Xiaolu , Gluth Austin , Feng Song , Qian Wei-Jun , Yang Bin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Rhodococci are studied for their bacterial ligninolytic capabilities and proclivity to accumulate lipids. Lignin utilization is a resource intensive process requiring a variety of redox active enzymes and cofactors for degradation as well as defense against the resulting toxic byproducts and oxidative conditions. Studying enzyme expression and regulation between carbon sources will help decode the metabolic rewiring that stymies lignin to lipid conversion in these bacteria. Herein, a redox proteomics approach was applied to investigate a fundamental driver of carbon catabolism and lipid anabolism: redox balance.

Results
A consortium of Rhodococcus strains was employed in this study given its higher capacity for lignin degradation compared to monocultures. This consortium was grown on glucose vs. lignin under nitrogen limitation to study the importance of redox balance as it relates to nutrient availability. A modified bottom–up proteomics workflow was harnessed to acquire a general relationship between protein abundance and protein redox states. Global proteomics results affirm differential expression of enzymes involved in sugar metabolism vs. those involved in lignin degradation and aromatics metabolism. As reported previously, several enzymes in the lipid biosynthetic pathways were downregulated, whereas many involved in β-oxidation were upregulated. Interestingly, proteins involved in oxidative stress response were also upregulated perhaps in response to lignin degradation and aromatics catabolism, which require oxygen and reactive oxygen species and generate toxic byproducts. Enzymes displaying little-to-no change in abundance but differences in redox state were observed in various pathways for carbon utilization (e.g., β‑ketoadipate pathway), lipid metabolism, as well as nitrogen metabolism (e.g., purine scavenging/synthesis), suggesting potential mechanisms of redox-dependent regulation of metabolism.

Conclusions
Efficient lipid production requires a steady carbon and energy flux while balancing fundamental requirements for enzyme production and cell maintenance. For lignin, we theorize that this balance is difficult to establish due to resource expenditure for enzyme production and stress response. This is supported by significant changes to protein abundances and protein cysteine oxidation in various metabolic pathways and redox processes.
Mountain agropastoralism: traditional practices, institutions and pressures in the Indian Trans-Himalaya of Ladakh
Authors: Ladon Padma , Nüsser Marcus , Garkoti Satish Chandra 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAnimal husbandry of agropastoral communities in the mountainous region of Leh, Ladakh, has been transformed in response to socio-economic and geo-political changes. This study investigates the current state of agropastoralism in the Trans-Himalaya of Leh, Ladakh, focusing on two objectives: understanding grazing management practices and examining socio-environmental factors affecting traditional pastoral livelihoods. Through a mixed-methods approach, including interviews and focus group discussions, this study explores resource utilisation patterns and decision-making processes within local communities and institutions based on a comparative approach in three pastoral areas of Ladakh. The resource utilisation pattern differs from village to village as a response to meet seasonal fodder demands; accordingly, high-altitude pastures are assessed in winter and/or summer seasons. Key stresses to the perpetuation of traditional pastoral knowledge include livelihood diversification, increasing dependence upon exogenous food production system and diminishing significance of traditional livelihood practices with improved connectivity, higher education aspirations and development of tourism and military services. Broadly, changes could be perceived from the abandonment of regular seasonal migration to pasturelands, in livestock composition and size and the decreasing number of households practising animal herding. Apart from socio-economic and developmental pressures, pastoral practices are simultaneously threatened by wild predators as well as by global warming-induced occurrence of extreme climatic events and pest attacks. While pastoral practices are carried on by a limited number of households in the three detailed study sites, knowledge pertaining to resource management, pastureland system and grazing pattern is still intact considering the resource seasonality and range of social and environmental pressures the region experiences. Ladakh’s agropastoral practices, rooted in local ecological knowledge, face challenges from socio-economic changes, risking climate resilience, ecosystem degradation, cultural loss and food security for agropastoral communities and broader societal contexts. Thus, it becomes vital to safeguard these indigenous livelihood practices and to promote a participatory approach to enhance capacity building for the continuation of the practice, which could contribute to local economies in areas with similar socio-environmental settings.