bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 pandemic, losses of livelihoods and uneven recovery in Pune, India
Authors: Mittal Nitya , Steinert Janina Isabel , Vollmer Sebastian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study examines the patterns of losses in livelihoods, income and consumption expenditure among slum dwellers in Pune, a city in western India, two years after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. A four-round panel dataset is used for this study with two rounds collected before (in-person in 2018 and 2019) and two rounds collected after (via phone interviews in 2020 and 2022) the start of the pandemic. Although at the macro-level gross domestic product and unemployment rates had started to recover by mid-2020, the results of this study show that recovery of livelihoods among individuals living just above subsistence level has been very limited and uneven even two years after the start of the pandemic. Additionally, younger and less educated individuals are more vulnerable to welfare losses. Examining food consumption patterns, consumption of cereals recovered to pre-pandemic levels by 2022 but the consumption of fruits and vegetables remained below the 2019 level, thus having important implications for nutritional health.
Low-temperature growth of Ga2O3 thin films on Si substrates by metal organic chemical vapor deposition and their electrical characteristics
Authors: Lee Jung-Bok , Jeong Jee-Hun , Jang Min-Seok , Yoo Da-Hui , Lee Ho-Jun 
Published: November 2023

In this paper, Ga2O3 thin films were grown on n-type Si substrates at various growth temperatures of 500, 550, 600, 650, and 700 °C. The Ga2O3 thin films grown at 500 and 550 °C were characterized by featureless flat surfaces. Films grown at higher temperatures of 600, 650, and 700 °C showed a very rough surface morphology. To determine the effect of annealing on the thin films grown at relatively low temperatures (500, 550, 600, 650, and 700 °C), the Ga2O3 films were thermally treated at 900 °C for 10 min. The crystal structure of the Ga2O3 films grown at 500 and 550 °C changed from amorphous to polycrystalline with a flat surface. The Ga2O3 film grown at 550 °C was chosen for the fabrication of a Schottky barrier diode, whose electrical properties were evaluated before and after thermal treatment. A metal–semiconductor–metal-type photodetector was fabricated using a Ga2O3 thin film grown at low temperatures, whose photocurrent under 266-nm UV illumination wavelength was 5.32 times higher than the dark current under an operating voltage of 10 V.
Damage detection of CFRP laminates based on Adamax-INN model for EIT
Authors: Xue Qian , Chen Cong , Fan Wenru 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is electrically conductive, making it possible to detect structural damage of CFRP laminates with electrical impedance tomography (EIT). However, the inverse problem of EIT is severely non-linear, ill-posed, and underdetermined, thus limiting the resolution and accuracy of images reconstructed with EIT. This paper solves the inverse problem of EIT based on invertible neural networks (INN) and optimizes INN with Adamax gradient descent algorithm. Simulation and experimental results demonstrated that, compared with traditional EIT image reconstruction algorithms and radial basis function (RBF) neural network algorithm, the Adamax-INN model largely reduced the artifacts in reconstructed images, improved the damage recognition accuracy and edge clarity, and displayed good noise immunity.
Cs2TlRhX6 (X = Cl, Br, I): promising halide double perovskites for efficient energy harvesting in photovoltaic and thermoelectric applications
Authors: Amin Muhammad , Haq Anwar ul , Mustifa G M , Afaq A , Ramay Shahid M , Siddig Abu baker Ahmed , Sharma Ramesh , Hanif Athar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The majority of halide double perovskites, particularly chlorides and bromides, possess large band gaps. However, we have identified a composition of halide double perovskites with a narrow band gap, making them ideal for energy harvesting purposes. First-principle methods are employed to compute the structural, electronic, mechanical, optical, and thermoelectric properties of Cs2TlRhX6 (X= Cl, Br, I). The stability of the cubic perovskite compounds is confirmed through the formation energy, the Goldschmidt tolerance factor, and the elastic constant. The optical bandgaps of all the compositions are determined through the TBmBJ potential. The ductile nature of the present compounds is verified by the values of Pugh’s ratio and Cauchy’s pressure. The optical properties are investigated to check the availability of the materials for harvesting solar energy. Temperature-dependent parameters including electrical conductivity, see-beck coefficient, power factor, and figure of merit also have been computed for thermoelectric applications. All the explored characteristics of the double perovskites under study have been discussed briefly on the basis of interesting and informative Physics behind the observed results.
High-gain bandwidth product of wafer-bonded near-infrared III-V/silicon APD using polycrystalline silicon bonding layer
Authors: Bao Shiyi , Wang Jie , Meng Wenhao , Liu Lei , Zhang Hualin , Ke Shaoying 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Avalanche photodiode (APD) is a highly sensitive photodetector commonly used in applications, such as optical fiber communication and LIDAR. However, the 7.7% lattice mismatch between InGaAs and Si creates challenges in growing high-quality InGaAs thin films on Si substrates. Heterogeneous bonded techniques or semiconductor intermediate bonded techniques can effectively resolve this issue, while it is difficult to achieve an ultra-high gain bandwidth product of the APDs. This work designs the wafer-bonded InGaAs/Si APDs with a Poly-Si bonding layer as the charge layer, which is different from the conventional separation absorption gradient multiplication (SAGCM) APD. The doping concentration of the polysilicon (Poly-Si) bonding layer on the performance of the InGaAs/Si APD is calculated. The maximum value of the gain bandwidth product of the APD reaches 350 GHz when the doping concentration of the Poly-Si is set to be 2 × 1017 cm−3. This work may provide guidance for the fabrication of the InGaAs/Si APDs with ultra-high gain bandwidth product.
PSRDP: A Parallel Processing Method for Pulsar Baseband Data
Authors: Zhang Ya-Zhou , Zhang Hai-Long , Wang Jie , Ye Xin-Chen , Wang Shuang-Qiang , Du Xu , Wu Han , Zhang Ting , Guo Shao-Cong , Zhang Meng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
To address the problem of real-time processing of ultra-wide bandwidth pulsar baseband data, we designed and implemented a pulsar baseband data processing algorithm (PSRDP) based on GPU parallel computing technology. PSRDP can perform operations such as baseband data unpacking, channel separation, coherent dedispersion, Stokes detection, phase and folding period prediction, and folding integration in GPU clusters. We tested the algorithm using the J0437-4715 pulsar baseband data generated by the CASPSR and Medusa backends of the Parkes, and the J0332+5434 pulsar baseband data generated by the self-developed backend of the NanShan Radio Telescope. We obtained the pulse profiles of each baseband data. Through experimental analysis, we have found that the pulse profiles generated by the PSRDP algorithm in this paper are essentially consistent with the processing results of Digital Signal Processing Software for Pulsar Astronomy (DSPSR), which verified the effectiveness of the PSRDP algorithm. Furthermore, using the same baseband data, we compared the processing speed of PSRDP with DSPSR, and the results showed that PSRDP was not slower than DSPSR in terms of speed. The theoretical and technical experience gained from the PSRDP algorithm research in this article lays a technical foundation for the real-time processing of QTT (Qi Tai radio Telescope) ultra-wide bandwidth pulsar baseband data.
Improving EEG-based decoding of the locus of auditory attention through domain adaptation
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Authors: Wilroth Johanna , Bernhardsson Bo , Heskebeck Frida , Skoglund Martin A , Bergeling Carolina , Alickovic Emina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective. This paper presents a novel domain adaptation (DA) framework to enhance the accuracy of electroencephalography (EEG)-based auditory attention classification, specifically for classifying the direction (left or right) of attended speech. The framework aims to improve the performances for subjects with initially low classification accuracy, overcoming challenges posed by instrumental and human factors. Limited dataset size, variations in EEG data quality due to factors such as noise, electrode misplacement or subjects, and the need for generalization across different trials, conditions and subjects necessitate the use of DA methods. By leveraging DA methods, the framework can learn from one EEG dataset and adapt to another, potentially resulting in more reliable and robust classification models. Approach. This paper focuses on investigating a DA method, based on parallel transport, for addressing the auditory attention classification problem. The EEG data utilized in this study originates from an experiment where subjects were instructed to selectively attend to one of the two spatially separated voices presented simultaneously. Main results. Significant improvement in classification accuracy was observed when poor data from one subject was transported to the domain of good data from different subjects, as compared to the baseline. The mean classification accuracy for subjects with poor data increased from 45.84% to 67.92%. Specifically, the highest achieved classification accuracy from one subject reached 83.33%, a substantial increase from the baseline accuracy of 43.33%. Significance. The findings of our study demonstrate the improved classification performances achieved through the implementation of DA methods. This brings us a step closer to leveraging EEG in neuro-steered hearing devices.
Machine learning based parameter sensitivity of regional climate models—a case study of the WRF model for heat extremes over Southeast Australia
Authors: Reddy P Jyoteeshkumar , Chinta Sandeep , Matear Richard , Taylor John , Baki Harish , Thatcher Marcus , Kala Jatin , Sharples Jason 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Heatwaves and bushfires cause substantial impacts on society and ecosystems across the globe. Accurate information of heat extremes is needed to support the development of actionable mitigation and adaptation strategies. Regional climate models are commonly used to better understand the dynamics of these events. These models have very large input parameter sets, and the parameters within the physics schemes substantially influence the model’s performance. However, parameter sensitivity analysis (SA) of regional models for heat extremes is largely unexplored. Here, we focus on the southeast Australian region, one of the global hotspots of heat extremes. In southeast Australia Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is the widely used regional model to simulate extreme weather events across the region. Hence in this study, we focus on the sensitivity of WRF model parameters to surface meteorological variables such as temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed during two extreme heat events over southeast Australia. Due to the presence of multiple parameters and their complex relationship with output variables, a machine learning (ML) surrogate-based global SA method is considered for the SA. The ML surrogate-based Sobol SA is used to identify the sensitivity of 24 adjustable parameters in seven different physics schemes of the WRF model. Results show that out of these 24, only three parameters, namely the scattering tuning parameter, multiplier of saturated soil water content, and profile shape exponent in the momentum diffusivity coefficient, are important for the considered meteorological variables. These SA results are consistent for the two different extreme heat events. Further, we investigated the physical significance of sensitive parameters. This study’s results will help in further optimising WRF parameters to improve model simulation.
The role of rhizosphere microbes as phosphate solubilizing bio fertilizers in shallot: a review
Authors: Marpaung A E , Susilowati D N , Sopha G A , Siagian D R , Girsang S S , Tarigan R , Marpaung I S , Silitonga T F , Sabrina T , Rauf A , Karo B , Hutabarat R C , Barus S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Crops need nutrients to grow, develop, and produce yields, both in macro and micronutrients form. One of the essential macronutrients is phosphorus (P). Phosphorus is required by plants to produce plant biomass. Andisols are often used as agricultural lands in the highlands of the tropics. This soil type has high P retention and low available P. Andisol contains clay minerals with up to 97.8% P-retention. Therefore, this condition led to low P availability, but high total P in the soils. There was a tendency to increase the dose of inorganic fertilizers, especially P fertilizer in this area. A survey reported that shallot Andisol farmers applied P fertilizer about five times of shallot recommendation rate, however, the production has not increased, yet. The high rate of chemical fertilizers causes land degradation and environmental pollution. One of the solutions to increase phosphorus availability is by improving P solubility which increases P uptake by plants. Increasing P solubility is environmentally friendly and can be done by utilizing phosphate-solubilizing microbes which are often found in the plant rhizosphere. The use of phosphate-solubilizing microbes for plants today can be found in bio-fertilizers. This method could maintain soil health and give a good impact to the plant growth and production. This review would determine the use of phosphate-solubilizing microbes to manage P deficiency in Andisol soils. Some study cases about the effect of phosphate-solubilizing microbes on plant performances would also be addressed. Currently, it is hoped that farmers will begin to implement environmentally friendly agriculture by giving phosphate-solubilizing bio fertilizers to escalate available P and production.
The effect of AB mix fertilizer concentration on the yield of Marigold (Tagetes erecta) under hydroponic condition
Authors: Nudin Y J , Walunguru L , Lussy N D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In hydroponic substrate cultivation, nutrients are only sourced from fertilizers; therefore, fertilizer application must pay attention to concentration. The right concentration of fertilizer, namely AB Mix, affects the quality of marigold flowers (Tagetes erecta). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of flower AB mix fertilizer concentration and obtain the best AB mix fertilizer concentration for marigold flower yields on cultivated hydroponic substrate. This research was carried out in May–July 2022 at the screen house of the Horticulture Industry Technology Study Program. The study used Group Randomized Design (GRD), with AB mix fertilizer treatment tested at a concentration of 1000; 1100; 1200; 1300; 1400; 1500; and 1600 ppm. The data obtained were analyzed with various fingerprints and continued with the honest significant difference (HSD) test level of 5% if there was a real effect. The parameters observed are the number of flowers, the diameter of the flower, and the fresh weight of the flower per plant. The results obtained are: 1. The concentration of AB mix fertilizer has a significant influence on the number of flowers, flower diameter, and fresh weight of flowers per plant). AB mix fertilizer with a concentration of 1,200 ppm is the best concentration because it produces marigold plants with the highest number of flowers (17.67 florets), the widest flower diameter (in the first harvest it was 79.31 mm, the second harvest was 78.12 mm, and the third harvest was 78.16 mm), and the heaviest flower weight (in the first harvest it was 15.11 g, the second harvest was 14.33 g, and the third harvest was 12.67 g).
The Use of rhizobia and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza to improve drought resistance of Kudzu (Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.)Benth.) in coastal land
Authors: Triwahyuningsih N , Kusmiyarti T B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A study was conducted to examine the association between Rhizobium and VAM fungi on the kudzu plant growth and response to drought stress in coastal dry land. The research was carried out in three phases: (1) germination of kudzu seeds; (2) multiplication of VAM and Rhizobia inoculums; and (3) inoculation of fungi and/or bacteria on plants grown at various soil moisture content. At the inoculation phase, the pot experiment was carried out for 8 weeks with a pot experiment arranged based on a 4 x 4 treatment factorial Completely Randomized Design with three replications to test the source of the inoculum and soil moisture content (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%). Observations were made on: (1) Rhizobial infection activity and nodulation; (2) VAM infection activity; (3) plant growth, and 4) population dynamics of rhizobacteria. The results showed that the rhizobia inoculation alone was not able to increase the bacterial infection activity and root nodulation, the VAM fungal infection, and plant growth. Inoculation with VAM fungi alone was able to stimulate infection activity of nodule-forming bacteria and root nodulation, VAM fungal infection activity, and plant growth. The combination of VAM fungal and rhizobial inoculation was able to stimulate fungal infection activity and growth of plant roots and shoots, but not always able to stimulate bacterial infection activity and root nodulation. Inoculation of VAM fungi alone was able to stimulate the plant growth rates even up to a drought stress level of 75%. This means that inoculation of VAM fungi alone was able to increase drought resistance and maintain the plant growth rates at high levels of drought stress.
Eco-enzyme enhanced the growth of rice cultivars
Authors: Defiani M R , Astarini I A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Organic farming has been increasingly lately to support healthy food for consumers. Organic rice is already produced in Bali for local rice cultivars (red, white, and black color of rice) at Jatiluwih Village, Tabanan Regency using manure, compost and biopesticide. Nowadays, eco-enzyme can be applied as liquid organic fertilizer for increasing soil fertility. Eco-enzyme are produced by fermentation process from kitchen waste, such as rind of fruit and vegetables. The experiment was conducted to observed the used of eco-enzyme for rice growth using modification of SRI (System of Rice Intensification). The method initially started from seeds germination at media consist of soil, compost and manure (1:1:1). Three rice cultivars (Red Rice Jatiluwih, Red Rice Pulagan and White Rice ‘Mentik Susu’) seeds were growth using two solutions (commercial liquid organic fertilizer namely LOF (10%) and eco-enzyme (0.1%) for spraying with 5 replications. Seeds germinated almost 90-95% for both solution after four days. Red Rice from Jatiluwih showed significance increase using eco-enzyme on plant height about 25% higher than spraying by liquid organic fertilizer. Red Rice from Pulagan, Gianyar and White rice ‘Mentik Susu’ only enhanced 10% and 5%, higher using eco-enzyme respectively. Rice paddy that treated by eco-enzyme can be harvested (2-3 weeks) faster than using commercial liquid organic fertilizer. White rice ‘Mentik Susu’ showed positive response with eco-enzyme treatment because had more tillers to increase harvest product than other cultivars. The use of eco-enzyme can assist plant growth by enzyme activity in soil, therefore more availability of nutrients for root uptake.
The role of combination insectary plants and botanical pesticides in increasing arthropod populations of natural enemies and suppressing populations of s. frugiperda in corn
Authors: Muliadi  , Sjam S , Thamrin S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda is the main pest of corn with a high level of attack intensity. Utilization of natural enemies both predators and parasitoids can be lured using zinnia flowers could be an effective control technique in suppressing armyworm pest populations. Pests hate the smells and taste of botanical insecticides a mixed of maja fruit and giant milkweed leaves which contain secondary metabolites such as volatile, pectin, saponins and tannins. This study aims to determine the effect of zinnia flowers and the application of botanical insecticides in suppressing armyworm populations. This research was carried out in Padakkalawa, Mattirobulu District, Pinrang Regency and Universitas Hasanuddin’s Laboratory of Insect and Plant Disease Relations. The research observed pest intensity, larval population and natural enemies. The results showed that the highest attack intensity was observed in the control treatment with an average of 12.59%/plant. The highest observed larval population was in the control with an average of 2.13 individuals/plant. In observing natural enemy arthropods in all observation techniques, the highest population of natural enemy arthropods was in the combination treatment of zinnia flowers and botanical insecticides with the most species being Lasius niger or ants which was significantly different from the control treatment. The results showed that the combination of insect plants and the application of botanical pesticides had an effect on the population and attack intensity of S. frugiperda larvae and populations of natural enemy arthropods.
Host range of three isolates of papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) found in North Sumatera and West Java
Authors: Riska  , Budiyanti T , Jumjunidang  , Husada E D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) isolates collectd from North Sumatera and West Java were evaluated for host range using mechanical inoculation. PRSV is one of the dangerous diseases in papaya plants in Indonesia reported to have a limited host range and caused symptom variation on plants. The study aim to determine the host range of three PRSV isolates from North Sumatera and West Java to several crops. Incidence of PRSV symptoms on plants was observed by morphological characterization. The experimental results showed that two PRSV isolates from Medan Ampelas and Deli Serdang North Sumatera, and Cibinong West Java isolates were pathogenic and caused systemic symptoms to Carica papaya cv. MD (Caricacea), melon (C. melo) and bitter melon (Momordica charantia). The symptom of infected papaya by the three isolates are vein clearing, mosaic on leaves, leaf blanching, wilt, and mottle on leaf lamina. The isolates caused asymptomatic to eggplant (Solanum melongena) and choy sum (Brassica rapa), asparagus bean (Vigna unguiculata), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum syn. lycopersicum esculentum). Melon plants showed symptoms of vein clearing and lamina blanching by Medan Ampelas, and Cibinong isolates respectively, and bitter melon showed symptoms of vein clearing and leaf malformation, and mottle by isolate of Medan Ampelas and Cibinong respectively. The two plant species display asymptomatic by isolate of Deli Serdang. Isolate of Deli serdang has the potential to be a mild strain of PRSV. Complete characterization of mild strains of plant virus through molecular technology approaches can enrich understanding of the potential of these organisms for cross-protection.