bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Lipophilicity and Blood Partitioning of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids and Their N-Oxides In Vitro and In Silico for Toxicokinetic Modeling
Authors: Lehmann Anja , Haas Manuel , These Anja , Hethey Christoph , Taenzer Julian , Hamscher Gerd , Kloft Charlotte 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLipophilicity and blood partitioning are important determinants for predicting toxicokinetics using physiologically-based toxicokinetic modeling. In this study, the logarithm of the n-octanol : water partition coefficient and the blood-to-plasma concentration ratio were, for the first time, experimentally determined for the pyrrolizidine alkaloids intermedine, lasiocarpine, monocrotaline, retrorsine, and their N-oxides. Validated in vitro assays for determination of the n-octanol : water partition coefficient (miniaturized shake-flask method) and the blood-to-plasma conentration ratio (LC-MS/MS-based depletion assay) were compared to an ensemble of in silico models. The experimentally determined octanol : water partition coefficient indicates a higher affinity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their N-oxides to the aqueous compared to the organic phase. Depending on the method, in silico determined n-octanol : water partition
coefficients overpredicted the experimental values by ≥ 1 log unit for three out of four pyrrolizidine alkaloids (SPARC), four out of six (CLOGP), five out of eight (KowWIN), and three out of eight (S+logP) pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their N-oxides. The blood-to-plasma concentration ratio obtained in vitro suggested a low binding affinity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their N-oxides towards red blood cells. For all eight pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their N-oxides, in silico predicted blood-to-plasma ratios deviated from experimental values by less than 50%. In conclusion, for physiologically-based toxicokinetic modeling of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their N-oxides, the experimental octanol : water partition coefficient should be preferred, while the blood-to-plasma concentration ratio predicted by the acid/base classification model is a suitable surrogate for experimental data.
A wide-spectrum mid-infrared electro-optic intensity modulator employing a two-point coupled lithium niobate racetrack resonator
Authors: Hwang Hyeon , Ko Kiyoung , Nurrahman Mohamad Reza , Moon Kiwon , Ju Jung Jin , Han Sang-Wook , Jung Hojoong , Seo Min-Kyo , Lee Hansuek 
Published: January 2025

Optical intensity modulators (OIMs) are essential for mid-infrared (mid-IR) photonics, enabling applications such as bond-selective molecular sensing, and free-space communications via atmospheric windows. Integrated photonics offers a compact and cost-effective solution, yet on-chip mid-IR OIMs significantly underperform compared to their near-IR counterparts. Furthermore, despite the potential benefits for system reconfiguration in accessing various communication frequencies and molecular absorption bands, developing a single OIM capable of operating across a broad spectral range remains a challenge. In this study, we introduce an on-chip OIM that operates over a wide wavelength range in the mid-IR, implemented using a racetrack resonator structure in thin film lithium niobate (TFLN). The modulator employs a two-point coupling scheme, allowing active control of the coupling strength to maintain critical coupling and thereby ensuring high modulation extinction across a wide spectral region. This approach not only achieves high modulation performance but also relaxes the design constraints and fabrication precision typically associated with resonator-based modulators, as confirmed through an analytic model. Implemented in TFLN having a wide transmission spectrum and strong electro-optic coefficient, the OIM demonstrates a modulation extinction ratio exceeding 20 dB with an electro-optic efficiency of 7.7 V cm over the wavelength range of 3.3–3.8 μm, which falls within the first atmospheric transmission widow in the mid-IR. This approach can be adapted to other spectral regions, providing a versatile solution for diverse photonic applications.
High-performance conditional-driving gate for Kerr parametric oscillator qubits
Authors: Chono Hiroomi , Goto Hayato 
Published: January 2025

Kerr parametric oscillators (KPOs), two-photon driven Kerr-nonlinear resonators, can stably hold coherent states with opposite-sign amplitudes and are promising devices for quantum computing. Recently, we have theoretically proposed a two-qubit gate Rzz for highly detuned KPOs and called it a conditional-driving gate [Chono et al., Phys. Rev. Res. 4, 043054 (2022)]. In this study, analyzing its superconducting-circuit model and deriving a corresponding static model, we find that an AC-Zeeman shift due to the flux pulse for the gate operation largely affects the gate performance. This effect becomes a more aggravating factor with shorter gate times, leading to an increase in the error rate. We thus propose a method to cancel this undesirable effect. Furthermore, through the use of shortcuts to adiabaticity and the optimization of flux pulses, we numerically demonstrate a conditional-driving gate with average fidelity exceeding 99.9% twice faster than that without the proposed cancellation method and the shortcuts to adiabaticity.
Spatially variable recruitment response to fire severity in golden-top wattle (Acacia mariae, family: Fabaceae), a thicket-forming shrub of semi-arid forests
Authors: Wright Boyd R. , Andrew Damien D. , Hewins Michael , Hewitt Claire , Fensham Roderick J. 
Published: January 2025

Context Investigations into the life history strategies of organisms in ecosystems prone to fires are essential for effective fire impact management. In Australia, fire severity is expected to increase under anthropogenic climate change (ACC), therefore understanding plant responses to this fire regime element is essential for developing conservation-focused burning practices. Aims Assess the recruitment response of golden-top wattle (Acacia mariae) to varying fire severities (high, low and unburnt) in the semi-arid Pilliga forest in Northern Inland New South Wales. Investigate seedbank dynamics and germination biology to inform post-fire recruitment patterning. Methods Longitudinal seedbank studies were performed to understand seedbank dynamics and the associated influence on post-fire regeneration. A laboratory trial was conducted to assess the effects of heat shock and incubation temperature on seed germination. Field surveys were conducted at four sites to assess fire severity impacts and evaluate spatial variability in post-fire recruitment after the 2018 Gibbican Rd wildfire. Key results Recruitment varied among sites but was highest in shrubs burned by high-severity fire (5.8 seedlings/shrub), followed by low-severity fire (0.8 seedlings/shrub) and unburnt shrubs (0.1 seedlings/shrub). Over 5 years, seedbank densities fluctuated markedly, peaking in 2021 following a major seeding event but declined rapidly thereafter. Germination was optimised when seeds underwent heat shock at temperatures between 100 and 140°C and incubated at warm temperatures. Conclusions Acacia mariae germination is promoted by heat stimulation, explaining why high intensity burns with higher soil temperatures enhance recruitment. Differences in seedbank densities at the time of fire may account for varied recruitment across landscapes. Overall, A. mariae regenerates well after high-severity fires but poorly after low-severity fires, indicating that the species may be resilient to increased fire severity under ACC but struggle under current widespread low-severity prescribed management burning regimes.
Gap Inc. and House of Hermès
Authors: Cacchiani Silvia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper concentrates on relative communicative transparency
and effective corporate communication about sustainability — primarily, the
planet — on Gap Inc. (https://www.gapinc.com/en-us/) and
House of Hermès
(https://www.hermes.com/us/en/). Integrating the lenses of usability
research (NN/g), multimodal analysis (Bateman 2014; Kress and Van
Leuween 2020) and models of interaction in writing (Hyland 2005a, 2005b), the study suggests that Gap Inc. makes more
effective decisions in the direction of communicative transparency. While
adhering more strictly to principles of layout and user interface design, it
offers more comprehensive and more readable content. Regarding user involvement
and engagement, only Gap Inc. combines subjective naturalist images, also
dynamic images that make a strong impression, with a preference for
interactional metadiscourse and 1st-person pronouns in the written text.
Quasi-linear transport analysis of impurity mode in tokamak plasmas
Authors: Han M.K. , Dong J.Q. , Horton W. , Wang Z.X. , Duan X.R. , Zhong W.L. , Zou X.L. , Sun A.P. , Li J. , Shen Y. , Wang L.F. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The quasilinear turbulent particle and heat transports induced by the impurity mode (IM), driven by the opposite gradients of the core hydrogen and outer

C

6
+

,

O

6
+

,

O

8
+

and

Ne

8
+

ions, are shown to be crucial for plasma confinement in toroidal magnetic configurations. Full gyrokinetic effects of both the main and impurity ions, derived from the kinetic theory, are taken into account. Even in the absence of ion temperature gradient or trapped electron (TE) effects, IM turbulence induces significant particle and heat transports, when the impurity fraction remains at the low levels typically measured in plasma experiment. The small mass mz
and large charge number Z ions enhance the turbulent transport induced by the IM turbulence and reduce the excitation threshold. The investigation of the temperature ratio

τ
s

=

T
e

/

T
s

effect shows that the inward impurity and outward main ion particle and heat fluxes as well as the growth rate of IM increase when τ

z
increases. In contrast, the growth rate increases first and then decreases while the fluxes are all increase when τ

i
increases. It is also found that the TEs mainly impact the particle transport, while the impurity ion fraction dominates the particle and thermal transports. Most importantly, the IMs are shown to produce significant outward heat transport and inward impurity transport even in regimes with relatively flat ion temperature profiles.
An analysis of the solar flare event and space weather at the peak of solar cycle 23–25
Authors: Khumlumlert T , Aiemsa-ad N , Peldon D 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The potential impact of space weather violence on Earth was forecasted following a solar flare on March 23, 2024, with an X-ray class of X1.1, which occurred on the peak of the 25th solar cycle. Although a resulting geomagnetic storm with an 8 Kp index was expected to disrupt Earth on March 24, 2024, it proved to be short-lived, resulting in no significant disturbances or reported impacts. This causes people to be interested and observe the effects of space conditions. Our study focused on analyzing solar flares and X-ray class intensity across the 23rd to 25th solar cycles, aiming to compare their distribution of solar energetic particles affecting Earth’s space weather during peak solar activity. We observed the highest X-ray classes recorded as X40+, X9.96, and X6.3 for the 23rd, 24th, and 25th solar cycles, respectively. The 23rd solar cycle had five solar flares exceeding X20 and five exceeding X10, while the 24th cycle had only two flares exceeding X10, and occurred at the end of the cycle. We conducted an analysis of solar energetic particle propagation for specific events within each solar cycle, along with space weather using the diffusion transport equation. We resolved these problems using the numerical technique of the finite difference method. Our investigation showed that solar cycle 23 showed greater severity and strength compared to cycles 24 and 25.
Physical properties of globular clusters NGC 288 and NGC 362 from the ACS survey of the Hubble Space Telescope
Authors: Chehlaeh N , Keda N , Rassamesard A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This research aims to study the physical properties of two interesting globular clusters NGC 288 and NGC 362, considering photometric data in the visible (V) and infrared (I) bands. The study utilizes archival data collected from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). The data for these two globular clusters (GCs) were collected by using F606W (V) and F814W (I) bands. Data reduction and calibration were performed using the ACS pipeline, and photometry was conducted using the DOLPHOT software package. New theoretical isochrone fitting to the color-magnitude diagram (CMD) of both globular clusters were analysed using PAdova and the TRieste Stellar Evolution Code (PARSEC) in version 1.2S, which is an appropriate tool for estimating age, metallicity, and distance of stellar clusters and modeling the evolutionary stage of stellar clusters. The total exposure times were 4×130s in F606W, 4×150s in F814W for NGC 288, and 4×150s in F606W, 4×170s in F814W for NGC 362. We used photometric data from the ACS survey to construct a CMD and fitted isochrone lines to determine the physical properties of these globular cluster samples. We obtained the following characteristics for NGC 288 and NGC 362, respectively; metallicities [Fe/H] = -1.30 ±0.05 dex for both clusters; ages 13.0 ±0.5 Gyr and 11.0 ±0.5 Gyr; distance modulus (m - M) = 14.91 ± 0.01 and 14.90 ± 0.01; reddening E(V - I) = 0.01 mag and 0.02 mag. This study focuses on up-to-date theoretical stellar evolution models for these two globular clusters. The new stellar evolutionary model provides a more accurate value of distance, age, metallicity, extinction, and evolutionary stage of cluster members.
Real Time Vector Magnetometry with Quantum Diamond Sensor
Authors: Thooppanom Napoom , Yodsungnoen Rapeephat , Sapermsap Natakorn , Sangtawesin Sorawis 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The magnetic field is fundamental to numerous applications including medical diagnostic, chemical detection, and navigation. Nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond has emerged as a promising quantum system for nanoscale magnetic field sensing, facilitated by a simple optical setup at ambient temperature. Despite advancements, real-time monitoring of the change in local magnetic field and precise determination of field directions remain challenging. Here, we present an approach to real-time vector magnetometry using NV center ensembles. Our system integrates an optical light guide, microwave control, and a graphical user interface (GUI) for controlling the pulse sequence and performing rapid optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) measurements. We observe zero-field splitting at 2.87 GHz and the Zeeman effect under external magnetic fields. Additionally, when the magnetic field orientation changes, we can observe multiple transitions from the different NV center axes, from which we can combine with a simulation to determine the vector magnetic field. Our system can be used as a basic quantum phenomena demonstration kit or in applications such as navigation or magnetic field imaging.
Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) simulation of neutron flux at a vertical port in the Suranaree University of Technology Research Reactor (SUT-RR) building
Authors: Pitaktrakul Atirat , Saenpoowa Jittinun , Laojamnongwong Natthawut , Kobdaj Chinorat 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Before establishing any nuclear facility, it is important to conduct a thorough simulation and calculation to ensure radiation safety and evaluate anticipated radiation levels within the facility. In this work, we employed Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) to simulate neutron flux at a vertical port in the Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) treatment room. For the preliminary results, the released neutron flux in the vertical port was (1.52 ± 0.02) x 109 n · cm–2 · s–1, which was later used for neutron dose calculation. The simulation results will be rigorously compared with radiation safety standards and guidelines established by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). This comparative analysis will provide insights into the quality of the nuclear facility design and protection against potential radiation risks.
PID controller optimization of underwater autonomous vehicle based on dung beetle optimization algorithm
Authors: Li Hongna , Xie Jiaqi , Fan Yiqun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Due to the complexity of the marine environment, the stability of underwater vehicles has gradually become a top priority. However, a single traditional PID control cannot accurately calculate the complex environment. Therefore, the present study utilizes a technique that combines the dung beetle optimization approach with traditional PID control methods. The simulation is compared with the gray wolf algorithm optimized PID and the traditional PID. The outcomes reveal that it is feasible, good, and extensible to optimize the PID parameters by using the optimization algorithm of the worm, and this technique contributes to both improved stability and heightened control precision for the system.
Research on trajectory reconstruction method for high-speed spinning aircraft with short-term satellite loss
Authors: Hu Kejun , Liu Ning , Li Haorui , Chen Shuaiyin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To solve the problem of rapid divergence of inertial navigation errors and deviation from the original trajectory when the satellite navigation signal of high-speed spinning aircraft is lost for a short period of time, this paper proposes a trajectory reconstruction method based on prefabricated trajectories. The Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) is used to fuse the inertial device information of the carrier and the carrier set trajectory, and the prefabricated trajectory is used as a substitute observation information during the satellite loss period. This effectively suppresses the error divergence of the inertial navigation system, enhances the trajectory tracking stability of high-speed spinning aircraft, and obtains a state estimation value closer to the true value of physical quantities. The simulation results show that in the case of short-term loss of satellite signals, the deviation error of the spacecraft’s space trajectory is reduced by 78%. Compared with traditional GNSS/SINS trajectory tracking methods, the trajectory deviation error is significantly reduced, and this method does not require additional sensors, has a small computational cost, and effectively ensures the trajectory tracking accuracy of high-speed spinning aircraft under high dynamics.
Optimized design of solid state power controller (SSPC) operating circuit for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) DC power distribution systems
Authors: Yang Jingyu , Luo Wentian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Currently, most UAV power distribution systems use conventional methods such as relays, circuit breakers, contactors, and fuses to control loads. However, with the diversification and complexity of the UAV electrical system, it is difficult to meet the needs of intelligence and reliability with such a conventional control method. This paper addresses the characteristics of low-voltage DC power distribution in UAVs by optimizing the SSPC operating circuit and validating its feasibility through modeling and simulation in MATLAB/Simulink, providing a theoretical basis for using SSPC to protect and control various loads in UAVs.
A high-reliability voltage balancing circuit using MOV for series-connected HV-IGBT
Authors: Wang Kaiyuan , Jia Chen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The active clamping circuit can effectively suppress overvoltage and is often used for the series protection of IGBTs. However, when active clamping is in operation, it will increase the turn-off time of the IGBT. If it remains in an unbalanced voltage state for a prolonged period, this can lead to a significant increase in IGBT losses, particularly in high-voltage applications. This paper first analyzes the issue of turn-off losses under overvoltage conditions through theoretical derivation and then proposes a novel voltage-limiting circuit—Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV)—capable of absorbing overvoltage energy and suitable for series HV-IGBTs. Finally, the superiority of the voltage balancing circuit is demonstrated.
Research on high-precision positioning technology for equipment management based on bluetooth AOA
Authors: Liu Xinyu , Dai Chunhui , Chen Xiaoyu , Liu Tianci , Li Cheng , Shuai Chenyin , Xie Fei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, an equipment management system based on Bluetooth Angle of Arrival (AoA) technology is proposed, aiming at realizing high-precision localization and real-time monitoring of materials in military warehouses. By designing an improved antenna switching strategy, optimizing the antenna array layout, and introducing e-map and e-fence technologies, this study is dedicated to solving the problem of insufficient positioning accuracy in the existing system and improving the practicality and military value of the system. In addition, corresponding algorithms are developed to enhance the positioning accuracy and reduce the delay. The experimental results show that the system can effectively achieve sub-meter positioning accuracy and has good application prospects.
Research on intelligent guide robots based on LiDAR
Authors: Meng Zhaojun , Ma Zirong , Han Zhao , An Hui , Han Xingyi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Traditionally, the unavoidable interaction between tour guides and tourists during extraordinary circumstances, particularly COVID-19, significantly increases the risk of disease transmission. To address this concern, this research, grounded in real-world scenarios, developed an intelligent guide robot utilizing an autonomous mobile platform. The robot’s modules were encapsulated as Robot Operating System (ROS) nodes, facilitating seamless communication through ROS’s distributed messaging framework. The research group designed a LiDAR-based intelligent guide robot, carefully analyzing its hardware configuration, path planning algorithms, and simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) techniques, integrating these components through ROS’s distributed communication system. A comprehensive system platform was then established, rigorously tested through simulations, and validated with physical demonstrations. Experimental results conclusively demonstrate that the designed robot effectively achieves its intended objectives.
Research on optimizing microgrid operation considering the uncertainties of new energy generation
Authors: Wang Yubo , Hou Zhen , Yu Qian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Against the backdrop of rapid development in new energy, an increasing number of new energy output devices have been integrated into the power system, and the uncertainty in the output of these devices has affected the stable operation of the power system. This paper establishes an overall microgrid objective model based on economic considerations to achieve economically efficient and environmentally friendly microgrid operation. Assuming the microgrid operates in island mode, we design an economically optimized mathematical model that meets demand requirements. Focusing on the optimal energy distribution in the island mode of microgrids, we construct an optimal energy distribution model based on a multivariate particle swarm algorithm, considering factors such as economic efficiency, environmental protection, and reliability. This model realizes the optimal energy distribution for microgrids.