bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel medical image data protection scheme for smart healthcare system
Authors: Rehman Mujeeb Ur , Shafique Arslan , Khan Muhammad Shahbaz , Driss Maha , Boulila Wadii , Ghadi Yazeed Yasin , Changalasetty Suresh Babu , Alhaisoni Majed , Ahmad Jawad 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Internet of Multimedia Things (IoMT) refers to a network of interconnected multimedia devices that communicate with each other over the Internet. Recently, smart healthcare has emerged as a significant application of the IoMT, particularly in the context of knowledge‐based learning systems. Smart healthcare systems leverage knowledge‐based learning to become more context‐aware, adaptable, and auditable while maintaining the ability to learn from historical data. In smart healthcare systems, devices capture images, such as X‐rays, Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The security and integrity of these images are crucial for the databases used in knowledge‐based learning systems to foster structured decision‐making and enhance the learning abilities of AI. Moreover, in knowledge‐driven systems, the storage and transmission of HD medical images exert a burden on the limited bandwidth of the communication channel, leading to data transmission delays. To address the security and latency concerns, this paper presents a lightweight medical image encryption scheme utilising bit‐plane decomposition and chaos theory. The results of the experiment yield entropy, energy, and correlation values of 7.999, 0.0156, and 0.0001, respectively. This validates the effectiveness of the encryption system proposed in this paper, which offers high‐quality encryption, a large key space, key sensitivity, and resistance to statistical attacks.
A soft switched step‐up DC–DC converter using a low‐power auxiliary circuit and continuous input current
Authors: Ardi Hossein , Ajami Ali 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a new high step‐up DC–DC converter is presented. The presence of an inductor at converter input reduces input current ripple. Furthermore, a coupled inductor with a voltage multiplier cell is also implemented to increase the voltage gain of the converter. The stored energy in leakage inductance of coupled inductor is recycled by a clamp circuit which increases efficiency and clamps voltage on power switch. The power switch is turned on and off under soft switching condition. The soft switching is also applied to auxiliary switch. All diodes are turned off under zero current condition which causes reverse recovery problem to be alleviated. A very low current flows through auxiliary components in a very short time. Therefore, a very low conduction loss is added to the converter by an auxiliary circuit. Soft switching condition is almost independent of specifications of circuit, especially the output power. Steady‐state analysis of the proposed converter is discussed. Finally, to verify the performance and validation of the proposed converter, laboratory results for a prototype with input voltage 30 V, output voltage 240 V, output power 220 W and switching frequency 50 kHz are presented and the results are discussed. The efficiency of the prototype converter at nominal power is 96%.
Star-spot activity, orbital obliquity, transmission spectrum, physical properties, and transit time variations of the HATS-2 planetary system
Authors: Biagiotti F. , Mancini L. , Southworth J. , Tregloan-Reed J. , Naponiello L. , Jørgensen U. G. , Bach-Møller N. , Basilicata M. , Bonavita M. , Bozza V. , Burgdorf M. J. , Dominik M. , Figuera Jaimes R. , Henning Th. , Hinse T. C. , Hundertmark M. , Khalouei E. , Longa-Peña P. , Peixinho N. , Rabus M. , Rahvar S. , Sajadian S. , Skottfelt J. , Snodgrass C. , Jongen Y. , Vignes J.-P 
Published: February 2024

Aims. Our aim in this paper is to refine the orbital and physical parameters of the HATS-2 planetary system and study transit timing variations and atmospheric composition thanks to transit observations that span more than 10 yr and that were collected using different instruments and pass-band filters. We also investigate the orbital alignment of the system by studying the anomalies in the transit light curves induced by starspots on the photosphere of the parent star.
Methods. We analysed new transit events from both ground-based telescopes and NASA’s TESS mission. Anomalies were detected in most of the light curves and modelled as starspots occulted by the planet during transit events. We fitted the clean and symmetric light curves with the JKTEBOP code and those affected by anomalies with the PRISM+GEMC codes to simultaneously model the photometric parameters of the transits and the position, size, and contrast of each starspot.
Results. We found consistency between the values we found for the physical and orbital parameters and those from the discovery paper and ATLAS9 stellar atmospherical models. We identified different sets of consecutive starspot-crossing events that temporally occurred in less than five days. Under the hypothesis that we are dealing with the same starspots, occulted twice by the planet during two consecutive transits, we estimated the rotational period of the parent star and, in turn the projected and the true orbital obliquity of the planet. We find that the system is well aligned. We identified the possible presence of transit timing variations in the system, which can be caused by tidal orbital decay, and we derived a low-resolution transmission spectrum.
Implications of the discovery of AF Lep b
Authors: Gratton R. , Bonavita M. , Mesa D. , Zurlo A. , Marino S. , Desidera S. , D’Orazi V. , Rigliaco E. , Squicciarini V. , Nogueira P. H. 
Published: February 2024

Context. Dynamical masses of young planets aged between 10 and 200 Myr detected in imaging play a crucial role in shaping models of giant planet formation. Regrettably, only a few such objects possess these characteristics. Furthermore, the evolutionary pattern of young sub-stellar companions in near-infrared colour-magnitude diagrams might diverge from free-floating objects, possibly due to differing formation processes.
Aims. The recent identification of a giant planet around AF Lep, part of the β Pic moving group (BPMG), encouraged us to re-examine these points.
Methods. We considered updated dynamical masses and luminosities for the sub-stellar objects in the BPMG. In addition, we compared the properties of sub-stellar companions and free-floating objects in the BPMG and other young associations remapping the positions of the objects in the colour-magnitude diagram into a dustiness-temperature plane.
Results. We found that cold-start evolutionary models do not reproduce the mass-luminosity relation for sub-stellar companions in the BPMG. This aligns rather closely with predictions from “hot start” scenarios and is consistent with recent planet formation models. We obtain rather good agreement with masses from photometry and the remapping approach compared to actual dynamical masses. We also found a strong suggestion that the near-infrared colour-magnitude diagram for young companions is different from that of free-floating objects belonging to the same young associations.
Conclusions. If confirmed by further data, this last result would imply that cloud settling – which likely causes the transition between L and T spectral type – occurs at a lower effective temperature in young companions than in free-floating objects. This might tentatively be explained with a different chemical composition.
Climatology of gravity wave activity based on two Martian years from ACS/TGO observations
Authors: Starichenko Ekaterina D. , Medvedev Alexander S. , Belyaev Denis A. , Yiğit Erdal , Fedorova Anna A. , Korablev Oleg I. , Trokhimovskiy Alexander , Montmessin Franck , Hartogh Paul 
Published: February 2024

Context. Gravity waves redistribute energy and momentum between the lower and upper atmosphere, thus providing vertical coupling between layers, and they affect the state, dynamics, and variability of the upper atmosphere. The statistics of gravity wave activity on Mars is poorly explored but is required in order to characterize the atmospheric circulation and to constrain numerical models.
Aims. We present the gravity wave statistics accumulated over two Martian years: from the second half of Martian year 34 to the middle of Martian year 36 (May 2018 to February 2022). The statistics includes seasonal and latitude distributions of the wave potential energy and drag, serving to represent the wave activity and impact on the atmospheric dynamics.
Methods. The observations were performed by the middle- and near-infrared spectrometers of the Atmospheric Chemistry Suite on board the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter. The temperature profiles we obtained independently from both channels during simultaneous measurements show a good agreement, thus providing verification and enhancing confidence in the data. The gravity wave parameters included amplitudes of temperature fluctuations, potential energy per unit mass, and wave drag. These parameters were retrieved at altitudes up to 160 and 100 km from the middle- and near-infrared channels, respectively.
Results. A comparison of the data obtained during the global dust storm of Martian year 34 with the corresponding period of Martian year 35 without a storm revealed a reduction of wave activity in mid-latitudes, which is in agreement with previous observations, and enhancement in the polar regions of the southern hemisphere, which was not predicted by simulations with a high-resolution circulation model.
Diuretika bei arterieller Hypertonie
Authors: Essigke Daniel 
Published: February 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGSeit Jahrzehnten sind Diuretika bei der antihypertensiven Therapie nicht wegzudenken und werden millionenfach verordnet. In den letzten Jahren wurden verschiedentliche Studien publiziert, in denen der Stellenwert von Diuretika in der antihypertensiven Therapie untersucht worden ist. Daraufhin wurde die Bedeutung von Diuretika in den zuletzt publizierten Hypertonieleitlinien großer Fachgesellschaften betont, was in der Folge auch zu Zulassungserweiterungen führen könnte. Nach der Veröffentlichung einer dänischen Studie bestanden zwischenzeitlich Unsicherheiten hinsichtlich des mit der Einnahme von Hydrochlorothiazid verbundenen Risikos für Hauttumoren. Diese konnten mittlerweile besser eingeordnet werden, sodass Patienten weiterhin von der Therapie profitieren können. Beim Blick in die Zukunft darf man gespannt auf die neuen Entwicklungen insbesondere in Bezug auf die neuen nichtsteroidalen Mineralokortikoid-Rezeptor-Antagonisten (MRA) und ihren Beitrag zur antihypertensiven Therapie sein.
Magen-Darm-Erkrankungen mit Heil- und Vitalpilzen erfolgreich
therapieren
Authors: Ogroske Dorothee 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungUngesunde Ernährung, ein hektischer, stressreicher Lebensstil, emotionale Belastungen, Bewegungsmangel
sowie die Einnahme bestimmter Medikamente haben einen negativen Einfluss auf unsere
Magen-Darm-Gesundheit. Völlegefühl, Blähungen, Reizdarm, Sodbrennen, Durchfälle oder auch anhaltende
Verstopfung sind weit verbreitete Symptome, die die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen erheblich
beeinträchtigen, insbesondere wenn sie sich chronifizieren. Darüber hinaus leiden viele Menschen in den
modernen Gesellschaften unter schwerwiegenden Magen-Darm-Erkrankungen wie Morbus Crohn oder Colitis
ulcerosa. Der Gesundheitszustand unseres Verdauungstraktes hat auch einen großen Einfluss auf unsere
Gesamtgesundheit. Mit den in der Mykotherapie eingesetzten Vitalpilzen – sie werden synonym auch Heil-
bzw. medizinisch wirksame Pilze genannt – steht eine effektive naturheilkundliche Therapieoption zur
Verfügung. So leisten Vitalpilze einen wertvollen Beitrag zur Wiederherstellung und Erhaltung der Magen-
und Darmgesundheit und einer intakten Verdauung. Ihr Einsatz hat sich bei der Behandlung einer Vielzahl
von Magen-Darm-Erkrankungen bewährt.
Darmnosoden im täglichen Gebrauch
Authors: Wittwer Heinz 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDarmnosoden sind wertvolle Heilmittel, die bisher nicht den Bekanntheitsgrad erlangt haben, der ihnen
gebührt. Wie die Nosoden oder die Muttermittel stammen sie aus dem Humanreich und haben deshalb – korrekt
verschrieben – oft eine erstaunlich gute Wirkung. Darmnosoden sind ein wichtiger Bestandteil der
homöopathischen Therapie und werden zur Behandlung von Darmbeschwerden und anderen Erkrankungen
eingesetzt. Sie werden aus krankhaften Geweben oder Sekreten des Darmes hergestellt und in potenzierter
Form verabreicht, um das Immunsystem zu stimulieren und die Selbstheilungskräfte des Körpers zu
aktivieren. In der Homöopathie werden Darmnosoden als eine Möglichkeit betrachtet, um die Gesundheit des
Verdauungssystems zu unterstützen und gleichzeitig das Gleichgewicht des gesamten Organismus
wiederherzustellen. Der Beitrag stellt die großen und kleinen Darmnosoden vor und zeigt
Anwendungsbeispiele aus und für die Praxis.
Impact of Pachychoroid and DRIL on the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Oedema with Intravitreal Bevacizumab
Authors: Gabriel Sara , Aljundi Wissam , Munteanu Cristian , Weinstein Isabel , Seitz Berthold , Abdin Alaa Din 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the long-term outcome of intravitreal bevacizumab in eyes with diabetic macular oedema (DME) following a PRN (pro re nata) regimen. Additionally, we investigated
the effect of the presence of disorganisation of the retinal inner layers (DRILs) and pachychoroid (PC) at baseline on clinical outcome.
Methods This retrospective study included 112 naïve eyes with DME that were followed up for 2 years. All eyes were treated with six initial bevacizumab injections at monthly
intervals and then received treatment according to a PRN regimen. In case of poor response to bevacizumab, therapy was switched to other agents. Main outcome measures included:
best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and number of intravitreal injections (IVI s). In addition, we examined the effect of the presence of DRILs and PC at
baseline on clinical outcome.
Results BVCA improved significantly and CMT decreased significantly during the first 2 years of treatment. The number of IVI s per eye was 11.1 ± 4.8 at the end of the second year.
Treatment had to be switched to other agents in 47 eyes (42%). The timing of switching was 12.4 ± 6.1 months after a mean of 9.2 ± 3.3 IVI s. Patients with DRILs at baseline (29.5%) had
significantly worse BCVA at all time points before and after treatment, although CMT was significantly lower before treatment and comparable to patients without DRILs during treatment.
Patients with PC at baseline (35.7%) had no significant differences in BVCA and CMT at all time points compared with patients without PC.
Conclusions This study demonstrates statistically significant functional and anatomical improvement in patients with DME treated with intravitreal bevacizumab after 2 years. However,
more than 40% of eyes required a switch in therapy. The presence of DRILs at baseline had a negative effect whereas the presence of PC at baseline had no effect on clinical outcome.
Development, evaluation, and overview of standardized training phantoms for abdominal ultrasound-guided interventions
Authors: Blank Valentin , Karlas Thomas , Seitzinger Max , Gnatzy Franziska , Kern Sabine , Steinhausen Ralf , Klammer Jana , Schlosser Tobias 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose Ultrasound (US) represents the primary approach for abdominal diagnosis and is regularly used to guide diagnostic and therapeutic interventions (INVUS). Due to possible serious INVUS complications, structured training concepts are required. Phantoms can facilitate teaching, but their use is currently restricted by complex manufacturing and short durability of the materials. Hence, the aim of this study was the development and evaluation of an optimized abdominal INVUS phantom.
Materials and Methods Phantom requirements were defined in a structured research process: Skin-like surface texture, homogeneous matrix with realistic tissue properties, implementation of lesions and abscess cavities in different sizes and depths as well as a modular production process allowing for customized layouts. The phantom prototypes were evaluated in certified ultrasound courses.
Results In accordance with the defined specifications, a new type of matrix was developed and cast in multiple layers including different target materials. The phantom structure is based on features of liver anatomy and includes solid focal lesions, vessels, and abscess formations. For a realistic biopsy procedure, ultrasound-proof material was additionally included to imitate bone. The evaluation was performed by US novices (n=40) and experienced participants (n=41). The majority (73/81) confirmed realistic visualization of the lesions. The 3D impression was rated as “very good” in 64% of cases (52/81) and good in 31% (25/81). Overall, 86% (70/81) of the participants certified high clinical relevance of the phantom.
Conclusion The presented INVUS phantom concept allows standardized and realistic training for interventions.
Elevated Levels of Interleukin-18 are Associated with Lymph Node
Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Chun Wang , Lu Meiyin , Chen Jiakang , Li Jian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInterleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine that primarily stimulates
the Th1 immune response. IL-18 exhibits anticancer activity and has been
evaluated in clinical trials as a potential cancer treatment. However, evidence
suggests that it may also facilitate the development and progression of some
cancers. So far, the impact of IL-18 on papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has not
been investigated. In this study, we found that the expression of IL-18 was
significantly increased in PTC compared to normal thyroid tissue. Elevated IL-18
expression was closely associated with lymphovascular invasion and lymph node
metastases. Furthermore, compared to PTC patients with no nodal metastasis,
serum IL-18 levels were slightly increased in patients with 1–4 nodal
metastases and significantly elevated in patients with 5 or more nodal
metastases. The pro-metastatic effect of IL-18 may be attributed to the
simultaneous increase in the expression of S100A10, a known factor that is
linked to nodal metastasis in PTC. In addition, the activation of several
pathways, such as the intestinal immune network for lgA production and
Staphylococcus aureus infection, may be involved in the metastasis process.
Taken together, IL-18 may trigger pro-metastatic activity in PTC. Therefore,
suppressing the function of IL-18 rather than enhancing it appears to be a
reasonable strategy for treating aggressive PTC.
Acute Paraplegia Caused by Spinal Epidural Empyema Following Infectious Cellulitis of the Hand: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Nery Breno , Filho Cláudio Brandão , Nunes Lucas , Quaggio Eduardo , Filho Fred Bernardes , Neto Joaquim Alencar , Melo Layssa Rhossana , Oliveira Anna Carolyne , Rabello Rafael , Durand Victoria Rodrigues , Silva Rayssa Rocha , Costa Rafael Emmanuel , Segundo José Alencar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background Spinal epidural abscess is a rare but serious condition that can cause spinal cord compression and neurological deficits.
Case Description and Methods The article reports a case of a 31-year-old patient who presented with an infectious cellulitis in the left hand, which progressed to a spinal epidural abscess. The diagnosis was confirmed by clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment involved laminectomy, after which the patient had complete recovery of neurological deficits. This article is a case report with a literature review. Patient data and images were collected by the researchers who participated in the patient's care. The literature was reviewed by one of the researchers based on the search for articles in the PubMed database. For the research, the following keywords were inserted: “Spinal epidural empyema,” “Spinal epidural abscess.”
Conclusion Spinal epidural abscess is often underdiagnosed, which can lead to delays in treatment and serious complications. The relationship between cellulitis and spinal epidural abscess may be related to the spread of infection through the lymphatic or blood system.
Maternal Hemodynamics from Preconception to Delivery: Research and Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications: Position Statement by Italian Association of Preeclampsia and Italian Society of Perinatal Medicine
Authors: Vasapollo Barbara , Zullino Sara , Novelli Gian Paolo , Farsetti Daniele , Ottanelli Serena , Clemenza Sara , Micaglio Massimo , Ferrazzi Enrico , Di Martino Daniela Denis , Ghi Tullio , Di Pasquo Elvira , Orabona Rossana , Corbella Paola , Frigo Maria Grazia , Prefumo Federico , Stampalija Tamara , Giannubilo Stefano Raffaele , Valensise Herbert , Mecacci Federico 
Published: February 2024

Objective The Italian Association of Preeclampsia (AIPE) and the Italian Society of Perinatal Medicine (SIMP) developed clinical questions on maternal hemodynamics state of the art.
Study Design AIPE and SIMP experts were divided in small groups and were invited to propose an overview of the existing literature on specific topics related to the clinical questions proposed, developing, wherever possible, clinical and/or research recommendations based on available evidence, expert opinion, and clinical importance. Draft recommendations with a clinical rationale were submitted to 8th AIPE and SIMP Consensus Expert Panel for consideration and approval, with at least 75% agreement required for individual recommendations to be included in the final version.
Results More and more evidence in literature underlines the relationship between maternal and fetal hemodynamics, as well as the relationship between maternal cardiovascular profile and fetal-maternal adverse outcomes such as fetal growth restriction and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Experts agreed on proposing a classification of pregnancy hypertension, complications, and cardiovascular states based on three different hemodynamic profiles depending on total peripheral vascular resistance values: hypodynamic (>1,300 dynes·s·cm−5), normo-dynamic, and hyperdynamic (<800 dynes·s·cm−5) circulation. This differentiation implies different therapeutical strategies, based drugs' characteristics, and maternal cardiovascular profile. Finally, the cardiovascular characteristics of the women may be useful for a rational approach to an appropriate follow-up, due to the increased cardiovascular risk later in life.
Conclusion Although the evidence might not be conclusive, given the lack of large randomized trials, maternal hemodynamics might have great importance in helping clinicians in understanding the pathophysiology and chose a rational treatment of patients with or at risk for pregnancy complications.
Key Points
Convenient Synthesis of Hexa- and Pentasaccharide Repeating Units Corresponding to the O-Polysaccharides of Acinetobacter baumannii O7 and Acinetobacter baumannii O10 Strains
Authors: Misra Anup Kumar , Sahaji Samim , Bag Puja 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of the hexa- and pentasaccharide repeating units of the cell wall O-polysaccharides of Acinetobacter baumannii O7 and O10 strains, respectively, has been achieved in very good yield using [4+2] and [4+1] block glycosylation strategies. The p-methoxybenzyl (PMB) group was used as an in situ removable protecting group, which was removed after glycosylation in the same pot by tuning the reaction condition. A challenging β-l-rhamnopyranosyl linkage was constructed using ‘armed-disarmed glycosylation’ conditions by the influence of a remotely located, H-bond mediating, picolinoyl group in the glycosyl donor. A d-mannosamine intermediate was prepared from d-glucose using minimum reaction steps. The hexa- and pentasaccharide were achieved as their p-methoxyphenyl (PMP) glycosides.