bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabry's disease without angiokeratomas showing unusual eccrine gland vacuolation
Authors: Idoate Miguel A. , Pardo‐mindan Francisco J. , Alamillo Carlos Gonzalez 
Published: June 2005

AbstractAn unusual case of Anderson—Fabry's disease with renal (damage and bilateral) corneal deposits but without angiokeratomas is presented. Diagnosis was made by renal biopsy. Typical foamy transformation of endothelium, mesangium, tubular epithelial cells, vascular smooth muscle, and fibroblasts of kidney biopsy and similar changes of myoepithelial, perineural, and endothelial cells on the skin biopsy were observed. At electron microscopy, ‘fingerprint‐like’ myelin figures were seen. The epithelial cells of eccrine sweat glands showed striking vacuolation but myelin figures were not seen. We suggest that electron microscopic study of skin biopsies is indicated in the evaluation of patients clinically suspected of having Fabry's disease.
A neuroendocrine cause of oncogenic osteomalacia
Authors: Stone Michael D. , Quincey Caroline , Hosking David J. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractAll definite cases of oncogenic osteomalacia have, until now, been classified as mesenchymal tumours. We report here a case of oncogenic osteomalacia caused by a spinal tumour. Microscopically, it resembled the mixed connective tissue variant of previously described phosphaturic tumours. Immunohistochemical studies, however, showed the tumour cells to be positive for low molecular weight cytokeratin (CAM 5.2), S100 protein, PGP 9.5, and synaptophysin. Electron microscopy demonstrated neurosecretory granules. The histopathological findings strongly suggest that this is a neuroendocrine tumour.
Immunocytochemical demonstration of IGF‐II immunoreactivity in human phaeochromocytoma and extra‐adrenal abdominal paraganglioma
Authors: Suzuki Toshimitsu , Watanabe Kazuo , Sugino Takashi , Tanigawa Toshitaka , Satoh Shotaro 
Published: June 2005

AbstractInsulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐II immunoreactivity was demonstrated in 14 adrenal glands, six retroperitoneal paraganglia, 18 phaeochromocytomas, and six extra‐adrenal abdominal paragangliomas through the use of a monoclonal antibody against rat IGF‐II which cross‐reacts with human IGF‐II. A subpopulation of parenchymal cells in normal adrenal medulla and in retroperitoneal paraganglia was positively immunolabelled. Eighteen cases with phaeochromocytoma including two malignant and four multiple endocrine neoplasias all contained numerous IGF‐II‐immunoreactive tumour cells. All six extra‐adrenal abdominal paragangliomas contained numerous immunoreactive tumour cells. Almost all the other normal human adult tissues examined failed to immunolabel. These results indicate that IGF‐II‐like immunoreactivity is widely expressed in normal and neoplastic human paraganglionic tissues, although its biological significance in these tissues has not been determined.
Ubiquitin: Its potential significance in murine AA amyloidogenesis
Authors: Chronopoulos Soula , Lembo Paola , Alizadeh‐khiavi K. , Ali‐khan Z. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractAmyloid enhancing factor (AEF), which has recently been shown to have identity with ubiquitin (Ub), is believed to play a causative role in experimentally induced AA amyloidosis in mice. We have examined the profile of Ub in activated leukocytes and splenic reticulo‐endothelial (RE) cells and its relationship with serum amyloid A protein (SAA) and AA amyloid deposits in an alveolar hydatid cyst (AHC)‐infected mouse model of AA amyloidosis. Two monospecific antibodies, anti‐ubiquitin (RABU) and anti‐mouse AA amyloid, were used as immunological probes to localize Ub, SAA, and AA amyloid. In response to AHC infection, the dull and diffuse Ub immunoreactivity in normal mouse leukocytes and RE cells promptly changed to a discrete granular pattern suggesting an increase in the intracellular concentration of Ub and the formation of Ub‐protein conjugates. This corresponded to an elevation in SAA levels, SAA uptake by RABU‐positive phagocytic cells, co‐localization of Ub‐SAA immunoreactive splenocytes in the perifollicular areas, and deposition of Ub‐bound AA amyloid in the splenic and hepatic tissues. These results suggest that Ub‐loaded monocytoid cells may play an important role in the physiological processing of the sequestered SAA into AA amyloid. Aspects of AA amyloidogenesis are discussed in relation to other experimental models in which stress‐induced Ub—protein conjugate formation and its transport to lysosomal vesicles have been studied.
Parathyroid glands in primary hyperparathyroidism: An ultrastructural morphometric study of 25 cases
Authors: Cinti Saverio , Sbarbati Andrea , Morroni Manrico , Carboni Vittorio , Zancanaro Carlo , Cascio Vincenzo Lo , Dickersin G. Richard 
Published: June 2005

AbstractIn parathyroid glands removed from patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). hyperplasias and adenomas cannot be distinguished from one another by light microscopy when only one gland is available for examination. When a second gland is available, it is necessary to establish whether it is normal, suppressed, or hyperplastic. This distinction may be difficult, and the main criterion is the amount of cytoplasmic lipid in the parenchymal cells. If the lipid is abundant, the gland is considered normal or suppressed, and if it is scanty, the gland is interpreted as hyperplastic. We have performed a morphometric ultrastructural study to test the reliability of this criterion. Twentyfive adenomatous glands removed from patients with pHPT, when compared with glands of normal size from euparathyroid patients, showed a significant increase in the parameters indicative of metabolic activity, namely the size of the Golgi apparatus, the amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum, and the length of plasmalemmas. In addition, the amount of cytoplasmic lipid was significantly reduced. Furthermore, 25 glands of normal size removed from the same patients with pHPT showed an amount of lipid similar to that of normal glands from euparathyroid patients. However, all the parameters indicative of metabolic activity were significantly higher than those in glands from euparathyroid patients and comparable to those found in adenomatous glands. These results suggest that in pHPT, normal‐size glands are as active as adenomatous glands, regardless of a higher lipid content.
Immunopathological changes in the skin following recombinant interleukin‐2 treatment
Authors: Blessing Karen , Park Kenneth G. M. , Heys Steven D. , King George , Eremin Oleg 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe systemic administration of the cytokine recombinant interleukin‐2 (rIL‐2) is associated with a number of toxic effects, including dermatological complications. The clinical, histological, and immunopathological changes occurring in the skin of six patients receiving rIL‐2 for metastatic colorectal carcinoma have been studied. All of the patients developed a diffuse erythema shortly after initiation of the treatment. In one patient, generalized erythroderma and photosensitivity developed. The initial biopsy revealed patchy spongiosis, focal exocytosis, and focal basal layer damage with a perivascular chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate. With further treatment there was progressive thickening of the epidermis, Immunohistochemistry revealed changes in the expression of CD1, CD3, CD4, and CD25, particularly on perivascular cells. Additionally, there was an increase in the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) on keratinocytes in the basal and mid‐layers of the epidermis, endothelial cells, and perivascular cells. It is hypothesized that the expression of ICAM‐1 by the epidermal keratinocytes may be the important event in initiating the cutaneous manifestations associated with rIL‐2 administration.
Production of a monoclonal antibody (IND.64) identifying a cell cycle‐associated antigen using spleen cells from nude mice bearing ichikawa tumour
Authors: Meggetto Fabienne , Saati Talal Al , Cohen‐Knafo Edith , Roubinet Francis , Selves Janick , Bouche Gérard , Key Göran , Gerdes Johannes , Delsol Georges 
Published: June 2005

AbstractUsing spleen cells from athymic nude mice grafted with Ichikawa tumour, we have generated the monoclonal antibody IND.64, which detects a proliferation‐associated nuclear antigen. Immunoblotting analysis with IND.64 showed a double band with apparent molecular weights of 395 and 345 kD. In normal human tissues, the antigen detected by IND.64 was expressed only by the nuclei of proliferating cells, such as germinal centre cells of reactive lymph nodes, cortical thymocytes, the basal layer of the skin, and proiiferative compartments of the stomach, small intestine, and colon. IND.64 did not react with cells known to be non‐proliferative or to show only a low turnover, such as cells of the kidney, liver, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and brain. The expression of this antigen during the cell cycle was determined using two approaches: IND.64 immunostaining of synchronized adult bovine aortic endothelial cells and flow cytometric analysis of double‐labelled PHA‐stimulated peripheral mononuclear blood leucocytes with a DNA marker and IND.64. The antigen recognized by IND.64 was found to appear in the late G1 phase, and persisted in phases S, G2, and M, but was absent in the G0 and early Gl phases. IND.64 was further investigated in different tumour types to evaluate the correlation between the percentage of IND.64‐positive cells (IND.64 index) and the histological grade. In non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas, an excellent correlation was found between the percentage of IND.64‐positive cells and the cytomorphological grade. In nodular sclerosis and mixed cellularity Hodgkin's disease, a high number of Reed‐Sternberg cells were positive with IND.64. The non‐lymphoid neoplasms investigated showed a variable percentage of positive cells, IND.64 appears to be a promising tissue marker to complement the evaluation of prognosis in human cancer.
Tumour angiogenesis in prostatic carcinoma with and without bone marrow metastasis: A morphometric study
Authors: Wakui Shin , Furusato Masakuni , Itoh Takaaki , Sasaki Hiroshi , Akiyama Akihito , Kinoshita Ikuhiro , Asano Koji , Tokuda Takaaki , Aizawa Shigeo , Ushigome Shinichiro 
Published: June 2005

AbstractOne hundred and one cases of clinical prostatic carcinoma (PCa), primary site, were analysed to define the inter‐relationship between tumour angiogenesis, histological grade, and bone marrow metastasis. Tumour angiogenesis was determined by the blood capillary density ratio (BCDR; a/b), defined as the ratio between the area of the blood capillaries (a) and the area of the tumour (b). The BCDR was evaluated by a colour image analysis system employing a computerized morphometrical method. A total of 43 cases of PCa with bone marrow metastasis (stage D2) and 58 cases of PCa without metastasis (stage B, C) were utilized. The prostatic carcinomas were classified into three groups (low, intermediate, and high) using Gleason's grading system. 1The BCDR of the primary PCa with bone marrow metastasis was similar in each of the three histologically graded scores. On the other hand, in the cases of PCa without metastasis, the BCDR of high score PCa was higher than those of the low and intermediate score PCa (U‐test; P<0·001). The BCDR of the high score PCa without metastasis was similar to that of the PCa with bone marrow metastasis. The BCDR may provide help in predicting tumour progression with regard to bone marrow metastasis of PCa with low and intermediate Gleason's scores.
L‐Cam expression in normal, premalignant, and malignant colon mucosa
Authors: Van Der Wurff Anna A. M. , Kate Joop Ten , Van Der Linden Edith P. M. , Dinjens Winand N. M. , Arends Jan‐Willem , Bosman Fred T. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractL‐CAM is a cell adhesion molecule which is expressed at the intercellular borders of most epithelial cells. L‐CAM has been demonstrated to act as an invasion suppressor in carcinoma cell lines. In order to determine whether or not L‐CAM expression might distinguish between invasive and non‐invasive or metastatic and non‐metastatic colon neoplasms, we studied L‐CAM expression in normal colon mucosa, colon adenomas with various degrees of dysplasia, and colon carcinomas by immunohistochemistry, using the 6F9 monoclonal anti‐L‐CAM antibody. Normal mucosa showed evenly distributed distinct L‐CAM immunoreactivity along intercellular borders. In adenomas and carcinomas, a similar though weaker expression was observed. This pattern showed a tendency to decrease in parallel with decreasing differentiation. However, no correlation was found with Dukes stage or area within the tumour. In some carcinomas, L‐CAM was expressed at the luminal surface of the cells. In others, L‐CAM expression was not found. These results suggest that L‐CAM expression is disregulated or lost as an early event in the development of colon neoplasia and indicate that L‐CAM expression does not correlate with invasive or metastatic potential.
p53 immunostaining in the distinction between benign and malignant mesothelial proliferations using formalin‐fixed paraffin sections
Authors: Mayall Frederick G. , Goddard Heather , Gibbs Allen R. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe distinction between reactive mesothelium and mesothelioma in pleural biopsy specimens is notoriously difficult, and conventional immunohistochemical markers have provided no relief. The object of this study was to examine the frequency of immunohistochemically detectable p53 overcxpression in routinely processed, paraffin‐embedded tissue from pleural mesotheliomas and from pleura showing reactive mesothelial hyperplasia, using a polyclonal antibody to formalin‐resistant p53 epitopes, and to consider the diagnostic utility of this antibody in the distinction between mesothelioma and reactive mesothelium in pleural biopsy specimens. Immunostaining was enhanced by pepsin predigestion prior to the application of the primary antibody. Positivity occurred in 10/16 epithelial mesotheliomas, 9/19 biphasic mesotheliomas, 2/12 sarcomatous mesotheliomas but in none of 20 reactive pleura. Immunostaining was particularly intense in some of the biopsy specimens, which may be due to the rapidity with which these small pieces of tissue were fixed. In conclusion, this study suggests that p53 immunostaining can help to distinguish epithelial or biphasic mesothelioma from reactive mesothelial hyperplasia in formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded pleural biopsy specimens.
Expression of the p53 protein in a spectrum of astrocytic tumours
Authors: Ellison David W. , Gatter Kevin C. , Steart Philip V. , Lane David P. , Weller Roy O. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractMany human cancers are characterized by mutations of p53, a nuclear phosphoprotein which controls elements of the cell cycle. Turnover of p53 in normal cells is rapid, and the minute quantities of protein that are usually present are not detected by immunocytochemical methods. Mutations of the p53 gene in tumour cells are associated with a slower turnover and subsequent accumulation of the protein in both nucleus and cytoplasm. Genetic abnormalities of the short arm of chromosome 17, which is the site of the p53 gene locus, are a feature of astrocytic tumours. Usinga panel of five antibodies to p53 and a standard immunocytochemical method, we found detectable quantities of p53 in the cells of 3/16 diffuse astrocytomas, 8/14 anaplastic astrocytomas, and 24/34 glioblastoma multiforme. Progression of one patient's tumour from a diffuse to an anaplastic astrocytoma was characterized by the accumulation of p53. The more malignant histological features of anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme appear to be reflected by a greater incidence of p53 accumulation.
Characterization of the smooth muscle cell infiltrate and associated connective matrix of lymphangiomyomatosis. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of two cases
Authors: Peyrol S. , Gindre D. , Cordier J. F. , Loire R. , Grimaud J. A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractLymphangiomyomatosis (LAM) consists of smooth muscle (SM) cell proliferation of unknown origin involving the lymph nodes and the lung interstitium. From morphological studies showing both SM differentiation of the proliferating cells and lymphatic hyperplasia, hypotheses were suggested concerning the origin of the proliferation. Two cases of LAM were investigated by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry; tissues were obtained by lymph node and open lung biopsies. Cytoplasmic and matrix protein markers were used in order to clarify the pattern of differentiation of the proliferating cells and to characterize their connective tissue environment. The proliferating cells present ultrastructural characteristics of SM cells; they contain vimentin, desmin, and α‐SM actin and are devoid of Factor VIII, favouring a parieto‐arterial origin. The connective tissue matrix inside the infiltrate is composed of interstitial collagens and basement membrane components. At the late stage of the disease, remodelling of the interstitial matrix accompanies the infiltrate and remains perilesional.
Localization of cea messenger RNA by in situ hybridization in normal colonic mucosa and colorectal adenocarcinomas
Authors: Abbasi Tta M. , Chester Kerry A. , Macpherson Andrew J. S. , Boxer Geoffrey M. , Begent Richard H. J. , Malcolm Alan D. B. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractCarcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA expression was studied in 14 cases of normal colorectal mucosa and cclonic adenocarcinomas using in situ hybridization with a 32P‐labelled cDNA probe to the unique 3‐untranslated region of CEA. This approach has the advantage that the target mRNA remains in the cell of origin, whereas there is considerable ambiguity in immunocytochemistry data for CEA because the protein is secreted. Furthermore, the specific cDNA probe overcomes potential problems of immunological cross‐reactivity with other members of the CEA family. The results demonstrated that abundant, heterogeneously distributed CEA mRNA was present in colorectal adenocarcinomas, with the highest levels in cells lining glandular structures. Parallel immunohistochemistry with anti‐CEA monoclonal antibody A5B7 showed that the regions of tumours with the highest levels of CEA mRNA also had the highest CEA protein levels, suggesting that the heterogeneous distribution reflects CEA expression rather than differential secretion of the protein. In the normal colonic mucosa, CEA mRNA expression was observed in surface epithelial cells and goblet cells of the upper crypts, with very low hybridization in the mid crypt and at the base. This crypt‐surface distribution was identical to that observed for CEA protein. In situ hybridization therefore confirms that high levels of CEA mRNA are expressed in differentiated surface epithelial cells of the normal colon.
Overexpression of p53 in Hodgkin's disease: Lack of correlation with Epstein–Barr virus infection
Authors: Niedobitek Gerald , Rowlands David C. , Young Lawrence S. , Herbst Hermann , Williams Anne , Hall Philip , Padfield James , Rooney Nick , Jones E. Lynn 
Published: June 2005

AbstractRecent work has shown that p53 gene mutations are frequently found in Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐positive and EBV‐negative cases of Burkitt's lymphoma but not in EBV‐associated undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs). Similar viral gene expression patterns are observed in undifferentiated NPCs and in EBV‐positive cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD), suggesting that the contribution of the virus to the pathogenesis of these malignancies may also be similar. We have analysed 116 cases of HD for EBV association and for immunohistologically detectable overexpression of p53. p53 overexpression was detected in the tumour cell population of 37 (32 per cent) of the cases. Fifteen cases showed p53‐specific labelling of more than 40 per cent of tumour cells; in six of these, virtually all tumour cells were stained. In eight cases, between 5 and 40 per cent of tumour cells were labelled, and in another 14 cases, less than 5 per cent of tumour cells expressed detectable amounts of p53. EBV‐positive HD cases were found in all groups with different levels of p53 overexpression as well as amongst p53‐negative cases. While a more detailed analysis of the p53 gene in HD is required, these data show that overexpression of p53 in HD is heterogeneous and that there is no simple correlation between EBV infection and p53 overexpression.
Technical method a simple technique for the measurement of fractal dimensions in histopathological specimens
Authors: Sanders Harry , Crocker John 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA computer program has been devised which enables a simple method for the fractal dimension analysis of histological or cytological material to be performed rapidly with relatively inexpensive hardware. The fractal dimension of a structure refers to its self‐similarity over a range of scales and appears to be well suited to histopathological preparations. Thus, the fine ‘roughness’ of object profiles can be assessed more appropriately by this technique than by means of conventional Euclidean geometry. Images of the object(s) to be investigated are firstly digitized after presentation to a high‐performance computer via a video camera or a graphics tablet system and then analysed using the computer program, which has its basis in a standard perimeter estimate method. It is proposed that such techniques may find extensive use in investigative and diagnostic histopathology.
Expression and localization of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 mRNA in transplant kidneys
Authors: Wang Yiming , Thompson Elizabeth M. , Whawel Simon A. , Fleming Kenneth A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFibrinolysis in renal transplant rejection has not been systematically investigated but is known to be impaired. By an in situ hybridization technique, we have studied gene expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI‐1) in human renal tissue showing severe acute vascular rejection (n=8), clinically irreversible (chronic) vascular rejection (n = 3), mild vascular rejection (n= 8), parenchymal rejection (n=4), ‘normal’ kidneys (n=6), and non‐rejecting kidneys (n=6). The results showed that in 7/8 cases showing severe acute vascular rejction and in all three chronic vascular rejection cases, PAI‐1 mRNA was expressed by endothelial cells of arterioles and arteries, and interstitial inflammatory cells but was not detectable in any other groups. The expression of PAI‐1 was frequently associated with areas of haemorrhage. Expression of PAI‐1 might be expected to promote thrombosis and ischaemia, the catastrophic consequence of severe vascular rejection. In irreversible chronic rejection, this seems to be the principal mode of action. However, our observation that there is expression of PAI‐1 in areas of haemorrhage in severe acute vascular rejection may suggest an additional potentially protective role, if it were produced as a response to haemorrhage.