bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges for Medical Students in Applying Ethical Principles to Allocate Life-Saving Medical Devices During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Content Analysis
Authors: Hsieh Hsing-yen , Lin Chyi-her , Huang Ruyi , Lin Guan-chun , Lin Jhen-Yu , Aldana Clydie 
Published: December 2023

Background
The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has posed a significant ethical dilemma in the allocation of scarce, life-saving medical equipment to critically ill patients. It remains uncertain whether medical students are equipped to navigate this complex ethical process.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the ability and confidence of medical students to apply principles of medical ethics in allocating critical medical devices through the scenario of virtual patients.

Methods
The study recruited third- and fourth-year medical students during clinical rotation. We facilitated interactions between medical students and virtual patients experiencing respiratory failure due to COVID-19 infection. We assessed the students’ ability to ethically allocate life-saving resources. Subsequently, we analyzed their written reports using thematic analysis to identify the ethical principles guiding their decision-making.

Results
We enrolled a cohort of 67 out of 71 medical students with a mean age of 34 (SD 4.7) years, 60% (n=40) of whom were female students. The principle of justice was cited by 73% (n=49) of students while analyzing this scenario. A majority of them expressed hesitancy in determining which patient should receive life-saving resources, with 46% (n=31) citing the principle of nonmaleficence, 31% (n=21) advocating for a first-come-first-served approach, and 25% (n=17) emphasizing respect for patient autonomy as key influencers in their decisions. Notably, medical students exhibited a lack of confidence in making ethical decisions concerning the distribution of medical resources. A minority, comprising 12% (n=8), proposed the exploration of legal alternatives, while 4% (n=3) suggested medical guidelines and collective decision-making as potential substitutes for individual ethical choices to alleviate the stress associated with personal decision-making.

Conclusions
This study highlights the importance of improving ethical reasoning under time constraints using virtual platforms. More than 70% of medical students identified justice as the predominant principle in allocating limited medical resources to critically ill patients. However, they exhibited a lack of confidence in making ethical determinations and leaned toward principles such as nonmaleficence, patient autonomy, adherence to legal and medical standards, and collective decision-making to mitigate the pressure associated with such decisions.
Long-term mitral valve repair outcomes and hospital volume: 15 years’ analysis of an administrative dataset
Authors: Saitto Guglielmo , Mariangela D’Ovidio , De Luca Leonardo , Lio Antonio , Ranocchi Federico , Davoli Marina , Musumeci Francesco 
Published: December 2023

Background
Procedural volume has been documented as an important contributor to operative outcomes for most complex surgical procedures. Mitral valve repair (MVRep) has been associated with excellent results, and it is increasingly adopted in many cardiac surgical centers. We sought to investigate if procedural volume is associated with better clinical long-term outcomes after MVRep.

Methods
We analyzed the 10-year outcomes after MVRep by procedural volume for each cardiac surgery center in an Italian Region, Lazio, during the last 15 years, using a regional administrative dataset.

Results
Between 2006 and 2020, 4961 patients were treated in seven cardiac surgery centers for an isolated mitral valve surgery (2677 underwent MVRep). At multivariate analysis, mitral valve replacement (MVR) (vs. MVRep) resulted one of the independent predictors of 30-day mortality [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.40; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.96–5.90; P < 0.0001]. Notably, a clear association between hospital volume of mitral valve surgery (>40 per year) and high rate of MVRep (>50%) was found. At 10 years, the incidence of mortality and the rate of death and rehospitalization for heart failure after MVRep were significantly lower in high-volume vs. low-volume hospitals.

Conclusion
Our data suggest that hospital volume is associated with a high rate of MVRep and long-term benefits in terms of mortality and recurrence of heart failure.
The EU Accession to the Istanbul Convention: The Argument From the ‘common Accord’ Practice
Authors: Kubacka Karolina Kaja 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The main purpose of this article is to analyse the Council’s practice of ‘common accord’ as the argument behind the tardiness of accession to the Istanbul Convention by the European Union. It presents how political and legal factors condition the accession of the Istanbul Convention by the European Union. In light of the Court of Justice Opinion 1/19, there are no legal obstacles to the accession; therefore, the tardiness of ratification arose from the political context, which consists of the EU’s constitutional crisis, populists in power, and liberal decision-makers succumbing to them. Based on the sociological assumption, the case study confirms the existence of the practice of ‘common accord’ as an effect of the conditions mentioned above. Nevertheless, the social need to access the Istanbul Convention is urgent.
Teaching Natural Sciences and Possible Paths to Strengthen Cultural Capital
Authors: Santos Welson Barbosa , Martins Rone Rosa , Motta Maria Carolina Carvalho , De Souza Thomas Magno Barbosa 
Published: December 2023

Theoretical framework: The concept of Capital that we take as a reference comes from Pierre Bourdieu in the reality of rural social spaces and the basis is that cultural differences can intervene in people's future and opportunities. If it doesn't exist, the chances of academic success and entry into higher education fall, as does the quality of life.

Methodology: with a qualitative profile, discourse analysis was the reference once the testimonies of 23 peasant students were accessed. With the speeches, the search was for the meanings in the constitutivity of the subjects and their speeches, refusing univocal, easy explanations and the insistent search for the ultimate and hidden meaning of things.
Results and conclusion: regarding economic capital, we perceive its existence in the form of different factors of production, for example, land, factories, work and the set of economic goods such as money, heritage, material goods of the family in the countryside. But it was in the symbolic and cultural capital that the peasant reality could be evaluated.

Implications of the research: although social movements and their fight for rights, both in the field of education and to conquer the right to land, culture, history and memory is historic, education can break with issues that are not yet so well resolved.
The Free Economic Zone of Manaus Vis-à-Vis the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
Authors: Feltre Cristiane , Branchi Bruna Angela 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the evolution of sustainability indicators within the Free Economic Zone of Manaus (Zona Franca de Manaus - ZFM), with a specific focus on workforce engagement in the manufacturing sector.

Method/design/approach: Employing descriptive research methods, this research equips both public and private organizations with evaluation tools to assess industrial employment's quality in the context of sustainable development. The study emphasizes the importance of monitoring sustainable development indicators at various geographical levels to facilitate effective corrective strategies.

Results and conclusion: The public policies adopted in the ZFM, although generating economic growth, had adverse effects on other social indicators such as quality of life, urban sprawl, and population explosion. These outcomes indicate a misalignment with the Sustainable Development Goals outlined in the 2030 Agenda. Notably, these misalignments are evident in the declining number of manufacturing plant employees, persistent gender-based wage disparities, a rise in workers in lower income brackets, and subsequently, a limited potential for local consumption.

Research implications: The ZFM exemplifies the vital role of public policy in driving development. While innovation in the ZFM is still at an early stage, there exists potential for linking economic innovation to improvements in quality of life and sustainable natural resource management.

Originality/value: This analysis focuses on sustainability indicators to assess regional development, highlighting the significance of Sustainable Development Goals in evaluating the quality of development and monitoring the outcomes of public policy within the unique context of the ZFM.
Relationship of phase angle and skeletal muscle index in patients with liver cirrhosis of different etiologies
Authors: Zharikov Yu. O. , Maslennikov R. V. , Zharikova T. S. , Gadjiakhmedova A. N. , Aliyeva A. M. , Nerestyuk Ya. I. , Nikolenko V. N. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Sarcopenia is common among patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and has a significant impact on the quality of life of patients, the nature of the course of the disease and mortality. The phase angle (PhA) is the arctangent of the ratio of reactive and active resistances for a variable frequency current obtained using bioimpedance analysis. Data on the relationship between PhA and sarcopenia are limited, so the analysis of this topic is the important step towards understanding the role of sarcopenia in LC.The objective was to evaluate the relationship between the values of the phase angle and the index of skeletal musculature obtained by CT volumetry in patients with LC.Methods and materials. The study included 15 patients diagnosed with LC. The anthropometric examination was carried out, followed by an assessment of the component composition of the patients’ body using the ABC-01 «Medass» device (STC Medass, Russia). According to the indications, all patients underwent CT of the abdominal cavity without contrast enhancement.Results. Median and interquartile interval PhA (°): 5.3 [4.2–5.7] in men and 5.2 [4.9–6.1] in women, skeletal muscle index (cm2/m2): 51.82 [48.33–53.75] cm2/m2 in men and 44.114 [38.9–49.32] cm2/m2 in women. The correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation of the average strength between the skeletal muscle index (cm2/m2) and PhA (°): r=0.2619, p-value=0.036845.Conclusion. Determination of the components of body composition and their relationship with the course of diseases in patients with LC may have practical application and requires further study.
Dynamics of Psychological Characteristics of Female Patients of a Cosmetological Clinic During Treatment
Authors: Bagnenko E. S. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The relevance of the research is determined by the insufficient study of the psychological characteristics of female patients in the cosmetological clinic and the dynamics in the process of non-surgical correction and, in general, the psychological aspects of cosmetological treatment.The objective was to study the dynamics of the psychological characteristics of female patients of a cosmetological clinic in the process of medical correction.Methods and materials. Using psychodiagnostic methods “Neuropsychic Adaptation Test” (NPA), Wellness Index (WHO-V), Visual Analogue Scale, Big Five, Quality of Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (QL), 193 female patients of the cosmetological clinic (mean age 39.19±0.8 years) were examined in the period before treatment and 3 months after it. Data processed by SPSS v. 25.0 using Pearson’s χ2 and Wilcoxon’s Z tests.Results. The results showed statistically significant changes in the course of treatment of 11 out of 20 psychodiagnostic indicators reflecting the positive dynamics of the following psychological characteristics: the level of neuropsychiatric adaptation (р=0.014), the level of psychological well-being (р=0.000), perception of one’s appearance (р=0.000), individual characteristics of the personality “self-consciousness” (р=0.003) and “personal resources” (р=0.001), overall satisfaction with quality of life (р=0.000) and its individual components.Discussion. There are showed limitations and research prospects associated with the further expansion of the range of studied psychological characteristics, their relationship with the severity of a cosmetic defect and, in a broader context - with the determination of the role of psychosocial factors in the mechanisms of development and the effectiveness of correction of facial skin defects.
Meta-motivasyonel düzeyde kendini gerçekleştirmiş tarihi şahsiyet: Ulu Önder Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Authors: AKBAŞ Ayla 
Published: December 2023

Amaç: Hümanistik yaklaşım açısından kendini gerçekleştirmiş tarihi şahsiyetler arasında yer alan ulu önder Atatürk’ün Türk Milletine katkılarını siyasi, askeri, eğitim, sosyolojik ve kültürel gelişmeler açısından ortaya koymaktır. Atatürk’ün kendini gerçekleştirmenin ötesinde meta motivasyonel düzeye ulaşmış liderlik ve kişilik özelliğini açıklamaktır.
Tasarım/Yöntem: Bu çalışmada doküman tarama yöntemi ile Atatürk’ün kendini gerçekleştirme ile bütünleşmiş ilişkiyi inceleyerek analiz edilmiştir.
Sonuçlar: Çalışma sonucunda Atatürk’ün Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’ni kurması, kazandığı savaşlar, kalıcı devrimleriyle siyasi ve askeri şahsiyet olarak mata motivasyonel düzeyde kendini gerçekleştirmesinin ötesinde kişilik, siyasi ve askeri dehasının, liderliğinin devam edegelen etkileri vurgulanmıştır.
Özgün Değer: Atatürk ile ilgili farklı bilim dallarında farklı boyutlarda araştırmalar yapılmaya devam edilmektedir. Bu çalışma, hümanistik bir perspektiften kendini gerçekleştirme kavramının incelenmesi nedeniyle özgün bir değer taşımaktadır.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PUMPKIN PECTIN
Authors: Мамедов Э.И. , Кольцов В.А. , Родионов Ю.В. , Рыбин Г.В. , Калмыкова Е.Н. 
Published: December 2023

В работе представлены результаты выделения и очистки пектина из тыквы сорта «Мичуринская»; определения свободных карбоксильных групп и степени этерификации методами ИК-спектроскопии и кислотно-основного титрования; изучению физико-химических свойств (кинематической вязкости и молекулярной массы) вискозиметрией; а также оценке фунгицидной активности полученного полисахарида. Методом солевой экстракции выделен кислый полисахарид – пектин из тыквы сорта «Мичуринская», выход составил 29%. Методами кислотно-основного титрования установлено суммарное содержание ОMе- и ОАс-групп (36,3%), а также свободных карбоксильных групп (6,48%). Полученные результаты подтверждены данными ИК-спектроскопии: в полученных спектрах идентифицированы сигналы в области 1319-1408 см-1, которые соответствуют OMe-группам и показано наличие свободных карбоксильных групп в диапазоне 1730-1760 см-1. С помощью метода вискозиметрии установлена молекулярная масса пектина (2,5 кДа). Исследование противогрибковой активности показало, что выделенный тыквенный пектин проявляет ингибирующий эффект на рост грибов Penicillum sp.
The paper presents the results of isolation and purification of pectin from the Michurinskaya pumpkin variety; determination of free carboxyl groups and degree of esterification using IR spectroscopy and acid-base titration; study of physicochemical properties (kinematic viscosity and molecular weight) by viscometry; as well as assessing the fungicidal activity of the resulting polysaccharide. Using the salt extraction method, an acidic polysaccharide, pectin, was isolated from the Michurinskaya pumpkin variety; the yield was 29%. Using acid-base titration methods, the total content of OMe- and OAc-groups (36.3%), as well as free carboxyl groups (6.48%) was determined. The results obtained were confirmed by IR spectroscopy data: in the obtained spectra, signals were identified in the region of 1319-1408 cm-1, which correspond to OMe groups, and the presence of free carboxyl groups in the range of 1730-1760 cm-1 was shown. Using the viscometry method, the molecular weight of pectin was determined (2.5 kDa). A study of antifungal activity showed that isolated pumpkin pectin exhibits an inhibitory effect on the growth of fungi Penicillum sp.
INVESTIGATION OF THE HYDROGEN GENERATION PROCESS BY THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF ALUMINIUM HYDRIDE
Authors: Жукова М.М. , Раков А.В. , Базуров И.А. , Шанурин А.М. , Струмицкая Д.А. 
Published: December 2023

В данной работе исследуется возможность получения водорода для топливных элементов посредством термического разложения гидрида алюминия (далее - ГА) в составе водород-генерирующей системы (далее - ВГС). Целью данной работы является достижение максимальной величины объема водорода, выделяющегося при термолизе ГА, по отношению к общей массе ВГС, при чистоте получаемого водорода не менее 99,995 % (в соответствии с требованиями ISO-14687-1). Исследованы три типа ВГС на основе ГА, из которых выбрано наиболее эффективное техническое решение. Исследовано влияние качественного и количественного содержания компонентов в предложенных типах ВГС на их газогененрирующую способность. Методы исследования включают в себя: термодинамические расчёты, калориметрию, совмещенный термический анализ, рентгеновскую порошковую дифрактометрию, газовую хроматографию.
In this work, we study the possibility of obtaining hydrogen for fuel cells by thermal decomposition of aluminum hydride (hereinafter - АН) as part of a hydrogen-generating system (hereinafter - HGS). The purpose of this work is to achieve the maximum value of the volume of hydrogen released during AH thermolysis, in relation to the total mass of HGS, with a purity of the resulting hydrogen of at least 99.995% (in accordance with the requirements of ISO-14687-1). Three types of HGS based on AH were studied, from which the most effective technical solution was chosen. The influence of the qualitative and quantitative content of the components in the proposed types of HGS on their gas-generating ability has been studied. Research methods include: thermodynamic calculations, calorimetry, combined thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffractometry, gas chromatography.
Critical Success Factors For Quality Improvement Projects In Pasuruan, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sulistiyowati Wiwik , Suef Mokh. , Singgih Moses Laksono 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: This study aims to determine the factors influencing the successful implementation of quality improvement projects.

Theoretical framework: This research will focus on finding critical success factors for quality improvement projects and prioritizing improvements to improve the performance and success of quality improvement project implementation.

Design, Methodology and Approach: The research used Smart PLS-SEM and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). Smart PLS-SEM was first used to determine critical success factors for Quality Improvement Projects (QIPs). Furthermore, IPA was used to determine the position of each factor based on its importance and achievements.

Findings: The result showed all dimensions and indicators significantly affect the success of quality improvement projects. The dimension with the highest outer loading value is the quality performance measurement dimension. The next step is measured using the IPA method to determine the critical factors for project success. The results of the IPA analysis show that quality control and leadership are crucial factors in the success of quality improvement projects in the second quadrant. At the same time, the factor that prioritizes improvement is quality assurance (first quadrant).

Research, Practical & Social implications: Research, Practical, and Social Implications: The research implies that quality control and leadership are critical success factors for quality improvement projects. Leadership plays an essential role in implementing quality improvement projects, and leadership commitment is an important key to the success of these projects. In addition, there is a requirement for support from leadership regarding resource allocation. This resource allocation includes labor, costs, information systems, machines, and tools. Another factor that is critical to the success of these projects is quality control. Implementation of quality control has a vital role during the quality improvement project process and after the project. With quality control, the product suits the specifications and standards and meets the targets and standards set. Products that track the results of the implementation of quality control can ensure that the product's quality is guaranteed and follows the target set.

Originality/Value: This research combines two methods to determine the critical success factors in implementing quality improvement projects. Previous research, using SEM-PLS and IPA method measurements, was carried out separately, measuring the importance and performance levels. In this study, the outer loading results in the original sample measurement with SEM-PLS for importance value in the IPA method.
The Effect of External Efficacy on the Moral Courage and Self-Efficacy of Internal Auditors
Authors: Khelil Imen 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: This study investigates the effect of external efficacy (means efficacy and collective efficacy) on internal auditors' moral courage in the Tunisian context. This study also examines the effect of external efficacy on the self-efficacy of internal auditors.

Theoretical framework: Previous auditing studies have revealed moral courage as the required tool for internal auditors to overcome their fears, break their silence about management fraud, and guide their ethical behaviors. Based on the social cognitive theory developed by Bandura and the model of the internal-external efficacy of Eden, this study tries to explain the association between means efficacy, collective efficacy, self-efficay, and internal auditors' moral courage

Design/Methodology/Approach: 163 questionnaires were collected from internal auditors working in Tunisian companies and a partial least squares–-structural equation model was used to test the hypotheses.

Findings: The results reveal a significant and positive effect of means and collective efficacies on internal auditors’ moral courage. Similarly, these variables have a significant and positive effect on the self-efficacy of internal auditors.

Research, Practical & Social implications: This study permits to offer practical solutions to professional institutions and organizations (e.g., the Institute of Internal Auditing) that aim to determine what might encourage internal auditors to tell the truth about management fraud and report corruption.

Originality/Value: This research fills one of the major research gaps in accounting studies by revealing that the self-efficacy and courageous behavior of internal auditors can be fostered by furnishing the necessary tools and working with an efficacious team.