bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gene and domain shuffling in lytic cassettes of Enterococcus spp. bacteriophages
Authors: Viglasky Jakub , Piknova Maria , Pristas Peter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe genomes of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium bacteriophages were analysed for gene shuffling in the lytic cassettes of bacteriophages infecting. It was found that enterococcal bacteriophages could be classified into well-defined groups based on the size of their genomes and each size group had its own conserved gene composition of lytic cassettes. Enterococcal bacteriophages use a relatively broad spectrum of holins and endolysins with variable cell-wall binding (CWB) and catalytic domains, and most of them utilise a lytic cassette with more than two genes. Enterococcal bacteriophages most commonly use endolysins with amidase catalytic domains and the CWB domain SH3_5. Some bacteriophages possess in their lytic cassette a holin-like gene with the XhlA domain protein, characteristic of hemolysin. Regardless of the shuffling of genes encoding holins and endolysins in lytic modules, a novel example of CWB domain shuffling within enterococcal endolysins was identified.
FISH painting for chromosome identification of aneuploid cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis)
Authors: Ji Xianwen , Aflitos Saulo Alves , Peters Sander , Schranz M. Eric , Philipse-Berendsen Jirska , Vogelaar Aat , Lelivelt Cilia , de Jong Hans 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA common problem in the cultivation and breeding of cauliflower (Brassica oleraceaL. var.botrytis) is the occurrence of aneuploids in offspring families. To reveal the chromosomal cause of such numerical variants, it was necessary to develop karyotype tools with which chromosomes can be easily identified. Since mitotic chromosomes in this crop are morphologically similar and lack differentiating banding patterns, we tested two Fluorescent in situ Hybridization (FISH) procedures for chromosome identification: (1) FISH painting with diagnostic repetitive DNA patterns and (2) cross-species chromosome painting. The first method consists of a five-colour FISH with 5s rDNA, 45S rDNA, and twoBrassica rapacentromere-specific repeats, and aB. rapaBAC (KBrH092N02) containing a dispersed repeat of an unknown class. The second method is an advanced FISH technology based on hybridising DNA probes of a related species under adapted stringency conditions to identify their homoeologous loci. To this end, we applied four pools of BACs fromArabidopsis thalianain a multicolour FISH for a banding pattern on the chromosomes of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis). Due to the genome triplication and various chromosome rearrangements ofBrassica oleraceacompared toArabidopsis,we used MUMmer whole-genome alignment plot information to selectArabidopsisBAC pools with which all cauliflower chromosomes could be identified. In a sample of 21 plants with aberrant phenotypes, we demonstrated primary trisomy for chromosomes 1–6 and 8, and telo-trisomy for chromosomes 7 and 9. Finally, we discuss the advantages and drawbacks of the two painting methods and eventual alternatives for demonstrating numerical aberrations in the cauliflower populations.Graphical Abstract
Complexation of histone deacetylase inhibitor belinostat to Cu(II) prevents premature metabolic inactivation in vitro and demonstrates potent anti-cancer activity in vitro and ex vivo in colon cancer
Authors: Finnegan Ellen , Ding Wei , Ude Ziga , Terer Sara , McGivern Tadhg , Blümel Anna M. , Kirwan Grainne , Shao Xinxin , Genua Flavia , Yin Xiaofei , Kel Alexander , Fattah Sarinj , Myer Parvathi A. , Cryan Sally-Ann , Prehn Jochen H. M. , O’Connor Darran P. , Brennan Lorraine , Yochum Gregory , Marmion Celine J. , Das Sudipto 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), belinostat, has had limited therapeutic impact in solid tumors, such as colon cancer, due to its poor metabolic stability. Here we evaluated a novel belinostat prodrug, copper-bis-belinostat (Cubisbel), in vitro and ex vivo, designed to overcome the pharmacokinetic challenges of belinostat.

Methods
The in vitro metabolism of each HDACi was evaluated in human liver microsomes (HLMs) using mass spectrometry. Next, the effect of belinostat and Cubisbel on cell growth, HDAC activity, apoptosis and cell cycle was assessed in three colon cancer cell lines. Gene expression alterations induced by both HDACis were determined using RNA-Seq, followed by in silico analysis to identify master regulators (MRs) of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The effect of both HDACis on the viability of colon cancer patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) was also examined.

Results
Belinostat and Cubisbel significantly reduced colon cancer cell growth mediated through HDAC inhibition and apoptosis induction. Interestingly, the in vitro half-life of Cubisbel was significantly longer than belinostat. Belinostat and its Cu derivative commonly dysregulated numerous signalling and metabolic pathways while genes downregulated by Cubisbel were potentially controlled by VEGFA, ERBB2 and DUSP2 MRs. Treatment of colon cancer PDTOs with the HDACis resulted in a significant reduction in cell viability and downregulation of stem cell and proliferation markers.

Conclusions
Complexation of belinostat to Cu(II) does not alter the HDAC activity of belinostat, but instead significantly enhances its metabolic stability in vitro and targets anti-cancer pathways by perturbing key MRs in colon cancer. Complexation of HDACis to a metal ion might improve the efficacy of clinically used HDACis in patients with colon cancer.
Urologisch gedachtegoed en behoeftes traceren
Authors: Mulders Peter F.A. 
Published: November 2023

SamenvattingHet najaar is weer aangebroken als dit abstractnummer van het tijdschrift op de deurmat valt. En dat in een papierloos tijdperk, waarbij bureaus leeg zijn en postbodes weinig frequent meer rondrijden. Ook de pen is verbannen. Dus wetenschappelijk onderzoek bevindt zich in een nieuw jasje. Tot resultaat komen gaat steeds meer geautomatiseerd, vaak middels registratie van gegevens die zijn verzameld in het verleden.
Abstracts Najaarsvergadering NVU, 3 november 2023
Authors:   Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Published: November 2023

SamenvattingEr zijn geen grote studies naar gezondheidsgerelateerde kwaliteit van leven (HRQOL) na peniskanker (PeCa) chirurgie en/of studies die voorspellers voor verminderde HRQOL evalueren.
Where Will Gabapentin’s Bumpy Road Lead us? A Narrative Review of Pediatric Perioperative Gabapentinoids
Authors: Li Galaxy , Li Pulsar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Gabapentinoids, including gabapentin and pregabalin, have been commonly administered in the perioperative period since opioid-sparing effects were found in adults in the early 2000s. This review examines the current evidence for and against the perioperative use of gabapentinoids in children and identifies potential future directions for research.

Recent Findings
Many factors led to increasing use of gabapentinoids for surgical patients. The national opioid epidemic hastened the move toward the use of multimodal analgesia and early recovery after surgery protocols for both adults and children. However, subsequent adult studies have found less benefit in postoperative pain reduction than once thought, while others have investigated substantial adverse side effects. The most convincing data supporting the use of pediatric perioperative gabapentinoids show reductions in emergence agitation, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and chronic persistent surgical pain.

Summary
As adult trials of perioperative gabapentinoids show decreasing benefits in postoperative pain, opioid consumption, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) amidst increasing concerns of adverse side effects, benefits for children focus more on reduction in emergence agitation, PONV, and chronic postsurgical pain with more research needed to explore optimal dosing regimens and potential adverse side effects.
Prolattinomi in gravidanza: gestione clinica
Authors: Auriemma Renata S. , Pirchio Rosa , Del Vecchio Guendalina , Scairati Roberta , Di Meglio Sara , Graziadio Chiara , Pivonello Rosario , Colao Annamaria 
Published: November 2023

SommarioL’iperprolattinemia è tra le principali cause di infertilità femminile. L’introduzione della terapia con dopamino-agonisti (DA) è associata al ripristino della fertilità spontanea in più del 90% delle donne. Pertanto, le pazienti con prolattinoma senza evidente desiderio di fertilità devono essere edotte della necessità di utilizzare un’opportuna terapia contraccettiva. In quelle con desiderio di fertilità, l’approccio clinico risente delle dimensioni tumorali e dei trattamenti già offerti. Infatti, mentre nelle donne con microprolattinoma il rischio di crescita tumorale durante la gravidanza è minimo (∼2%), in quelle con macroprolattinoma tale rischio resta basso (∼5%) in coloro che hanno ricevuto adeguata terapia anti-tumorale prima dell’inizio della gestazione, ma aumenta fino al 21% nelle pazienti con macroadenoma non opportunamente trattate prima della gravidanza. Pertanto, all’accertamento della gravidanza è suggerita la sospensione della terapia con DA nella maggioranza delle pazienti, ma in casi selezionati può essere prudente mantenere la terapia con DA, e in particolare con bromocriptina, per l’intera durata della gestazione. Dopo la gravidanza non vi sono controindicazioni assolute all’allattamento al seno e in un terzo delle pazienti è possibile osservare remissione spontanea dell’iperprolattinemia tale da richiedere la sospensione definitiva dei DA.
A Twitter network and discourse analysis of the Rana Plaza collapse
Authors: Bergermann Kai , Wolter Margitta 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTen years after the collapse of the Rana Plaza textile factory in Dhaka, Bangladesh that killed over 1000 factory workers, the event has become a symbol for the desolate working conditions in fast fashion producer countries in the global south. We analyze the global Twitter discourse on this event over a three week window around the collapse date over the years 2013–2022 by a mixture of network-theoretic quantitative and discourse-theoretic qualitative methods. In particular, key communicators and the community structure of the discourse participants are identified using a multilayer network modeling approach and the interpretative patterns of the key communicator’s tweets of all years are analyzed using the sociology of knowledge approach to discourse. This combination of quantitative and qualitative methods reveals that the discourse is separated into three phases: reporting, reprocessing, and commemoration. These phases can be identified by the temporal evolution, network-structural properties, and the contentual analysis of the discourse. After the negotiation of the interpretative framework in the reprocessing phase, subsequent years are characterized by its commemorative repetition as well as resulting demands by different international actor groups despite highly fluctuating participants.
Zusammenhänge von Burnout, Geschlechtsidentität und Geschlecht
Authors: Wacker Eva 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungIn vorhergehenden Studien wurden Zusammenhänge der Passung in Feminität und Maskulinität zwischen Person und Arbeitsumwelt mit Burnout aufgedeckt. Es wird geprüft, ob diese eine Erklärung für gewöhnlich höhere Burnout-Werte bei Frauen liefern können.In einer Querschnittsstudie mit 889 Personen (nicht-repräsentative selbstselektive Stichprobe) – 516 Frauen (58 %), 373 Männer (42 %) im Alter 19–70 Jahren (M = 29,86; S = 7,67), wurde Geschlechtstypizitätsskala (GTS+) zur Messung von Feminität und Maskulinität als Merkmale der Persönlichkeit und Arbeitsumgebung eingesetzt. Darauf aufbauend wurden die Teilnehmenden in vier Gruppen eingeteilt, in denen Geschlechtsgruppen-Anteile sowie Burnout-Werte (erhoben mit DearEmployee-Survey) verglichen wurden.Der Anteil der Frauen sowie Burnout-Werte waren in der Gruppe mit der schlechtesten Person-Umwelt-Passung erwartungsgemäß am höchsten. In der Gruppe mit theoriegeleitet den besten Ressourcen (hohe Feminität und Maskulinität) lagen keine Geschlechtseffekte auf Burnout vor. Es konnten hier jedoch nicht die niedrigsten Burnout-Werte nachgewiesen werden.P‑E Fit in Feminität und Maskulinität kann eine Erklärung für höhere Burnout-Werte bei Frauen liefern und ist möglicherweise besser geeignet, um Burnout zu untersuchen als Geschlecht.Praktische Relevanz: Seit 2012 sind die Arbeitsunfähigkeitstage in Deutschland aufgrund von Burnout um mehr als 50 % gestiegen. Frauen berichten stets höhere Burnout-Werte und sind aufgrund von Burnout doppelt so lang krankgeschrieben wie Männer (Meyer et al. 2022).
The joint effort of enzyme technology and flow chemistry to bring biocatalytic processes to the next level of sustainability, efficiency and productivity
Authors: Donzella Silvia , Contente Martina Letizia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe number of biocatalyzed reactions at industrial level is growing rapidly together with our understanding on how we can maximize the enzyme efficiency, stability and productivity. While biocatalysis is nowadays recognized as a greener way to operate in chemistry, its combination with continuous processes has lately come up as a powerful tool to enhance process selectivity, productivity and sustainability. This perspective aims at describing the recent advances of this technology and future developments leading to smart, efficient and greener strategies for process optimization and large-scale production.
Graphical Abstract
EU Digital Competition Law: The Socio-legal Foundations
Authors: Andriychuk Oles 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCompetition policy in the EU and UK is in the process of a significant reconfiguration. Its key postulates, methodologies, and normative goals are being subject to intense discussion and revision. The emergence of sui generis ‘new competition tools’ in the area of digital markets—EU Digital Markets Act and UK Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers (bill)—epitomises this trend. The purpose of this Article is to attempt to provide legal theoretical foundations for the new subfield of competition law and policy by systematising and conceptualising these trends into the framework of socio-legal scholarship.
Strategies used for the COVID-OUT decentralized trial of outpatient treatment of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Avula Nandini , Kakach Dustin , Tignanelli Christopher J. , Liebovitz David M. , Nicklas Jacinda M. , Cohen Kenneth , Puskarich Michael A. , Belani Hrishikesh K. , Buse John B. , Klatt Nichole R. , Anderson Blake , Karger Amy B. , Hartman Katrina M. , Patel Barkha , Fenno Sarah L. , Reddy Neha V. , Erickson Spencer M. , Boulware David R. , Murray Thomas A. , Bramante Carolyn T. ,   COVID-OUT Trial Team
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the development of decentralized clinical trials (DCT). DCT’s are an important and pragmatic method for assessing health outcomes yet comprise only a minority of clinical trials, and few published methodologies exist. In this report, we detail the operational components of COVID-OUT, a decentralized, multicenter, quadruple-blinded, randomized trial that rapidly delivered study drugs nation-wide. The trial examined three medications (metformin, ivermectin, and fluvoxamine) as outpatient treatment of SARS-CoV-2 for their effectiveness in preventing severe or long COVID-19. Decentralized strategies included HIPAA-compliant electronic screening and consenting, prepacking investigational product to accelerate delivery after randomization, and remotely confirming participant-reported outcomes. Of the 1417 individuals with the intention-to-treat sample, the remote nature of the study caused an additional 94 participants to not take any doses of study drug. Therefore, 1323 participants were in the modified intention-to-treat sample, which was the a priori primary study sample. Only 1.4% of participants were lost to follow-up. Decentralized strategies facilitated the successful completion of the COVID-OUT trial without any in-person contact by expediting intervention delivery, expanding trial access geographically, limiting contagion exposure, and making it easy for participants to complete follow-up visits. Remotely completed consent and follow-up facilitated enrollment.
RADIOCARBON DATING OF THE MAJOR SETTLEMENT AT SKARKOS (IOS ISLAND, CYCLADES) AND INFERENCES FOR THE EARLY CYCLADIC CHRONOLOGY
Authors: Maniatis Yannis , Marthari Marisa , Polymeris Georgios S 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTWe have radiocarbon-dated the main settlement of Skarkos (Skarkos II) on the Cycladic island of Ios, using a set of animal bone samples. The site of Skarkos stands on a hill in a coastal plain, mid-way down the western side of Ios island and about 1 km from the island’s harbour. It is the first time this important settlement with a wealth of finds and an extraordinary building system with two-storey houses is dated in absolute terms complementing the chronology of the Cycladic EBA II period. The radiocarbon determinations show that the major phase of the settlement came to an end between circa 2550 and circa 2500 BC. The dates also confirm the archaeological evidence that the main occupation period is dated archaeologically to the EC II period (Keros-Syros culture). Furthermore, in order to embed the new Skarkos dates within the overall Cycladic chronology and define better the end of the EC II phase, we treated the Skarkos dates together with published dates from other Cycladic sites using Bayesian analysis considering two different models.
DATING THE END OF THE EGYPTIAN OLD KINGDOM: NEW CONTEXTUALIZED DATES FROM THE REIGN OF KING PEPY II
Authors: Quiles Anita , Sowada Karin , Kanawati Naguib 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTIn this study, the temporal accession date of king Pepy II is modeled by using a series of 14C dates based on samples from the burial of Djau at Deir el-Gebrawi in Middle Egypt. Djau was one of Pepy II’s officials—overseer of Upper Egypt and nomarch of the 8th and 12th provinces. Five samples of Djau’s wrapping as well as his wooden coffin were analyzed. ATR-FTIR (Attenuated Total Reflection–Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy) analyses were carried out on textile samples to ensure they were not contaminated by organic chemicals due to the embalming process, prior to being dated using the conventional radiocarbon method at the IFAO Laboratory (Cairo). Based on archaeological evidence, the temporal density associated with Djau’s death is then used as a chronological marker for the death date of king Pepy II. Taking into account the possibility of either biennial, annual or irregular censuses to assess the duration of his reign, the accession date of Pepy II is thus modeled using OxCal software. The results place king Pepy II’s accession date between 2492 to 2256 BCE with 95.4% probability, and between 2422 to 2297 BCE with 68.3%.
On struggle as experiment: Foucault in dialogue with Indigenous and decolonial movement intellectuals, for a new approach to theory
Authors: Coleman Lara Montesinos , Rosenow Doerthe 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
If critical thought is to contribute to liberatory struggle, it arguably requires a general, even structural, theorisation of the nature and sources of power and oppression. This appears to be at odds with the critical project of questioning the immanence of truth to power, as famously framed by Michel Foucault. Yet Foucault’s philosophical project in fact hinged upon his own attempts to grapple with this tension. What is more, his ultimate failure to resolve it led to ambiguities that might be considered generative (especially in light of increased rapprochement between Foucauldian, Marxian, and decolonial International Relations [IR]). Reading Indigenous and decolonial movement intellectuals in tandem with Foucault, alongside the philosophy of science of one of his major influences – Gaston Bachelard – we advocate attentiveness to the ‘experimental’ way in which struggles against capitalist extraction and (neo)colonialism hold together dissonant theoretical – and ontological – commitments when putting forward structural accounts of power. This leads us to an ethos of inquiry that starts from lived thought, as well as to a non-linear approach to the relations between method, theory, and associated ontological commitments, from which scholars are traditionally trained away in social science.
Mapping horizon scanning systems for medical devices: similarities, differences, and lessons learned
Authors: Ormstad Sari Susanna , Wild Claudia , Erdös Judit , Moulton Kristen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
This article presents the mapping of horizons scanning systems (HSS) for medical devices, conducted by the Medical Devices Working Group of the International Horizon Scanning Initiative (IHSI MDWG). It provides an overview of the identified HSS, highlights similarities and differences between the systems, and lessons learned.

Methods
Potentially relevant HSS were identified through literature searches, scan of an overview of EuroScan members, and input from the IHSI MDWG members. Structured information was collected from organizations that confirmed having an HSS for medical devices.

Results
Sixteen initiatives could be identified, of which 11 are currently ongoing. The purposes of the HSS range from raising awareness of trends and new developments to managing informed decisions on innovative health services in hospitals. The time-horizon is most often 3 years up to a few months before market entry. Three models of identification of new technologies crystallized: a reactive (stakeholders outside HSS inform), a pro-active (actively searching multifold sources), and a hybrid model. Prioritization is often conducted by separate committees via scoring or debate. The outputs focus either on in-depth information of single technologies or on a class of technologies or on technologies in specific disease areas.

Conclusions
The identified HSS share the common experience that horizon scanning (HS) for medical devices is a resource-intensive exercise that requires a dedicated and skilled team. Insights into the identified HSS and their experiences will be used in the continued work of the IHSI MDWG on its proposal for an IHSI HSS for medical devices.
Excavating the field of heritage law: support, renewal, and iconoclasm
Authors: Lixinski Lucas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article maps the field of cultural heritage law, arguing for the need for its renewal, even if at the cost of some iconoclasm of notions we hold dear in our conceptual thinking about heritage. The article pursues this thesis by excavating a conceptual archaeology (broadly in the Foucauldian sense) of four key assumptions or conceptual pillars of cultural heritage law, which are the assumption of inherent value of cultural heritage; the pillar of authenticity; the assumption that human rights can work as a panacea for the renewal of the field; and the pillar of expertise. The archaeology of these ideas shows how much of what we take for granted in cultural heritage law is no longer fit for purpose, and the article shows those stakes by contrasting the work of these pillars and assumptions against some of the key challenges to the field: interdisciplinarity; the Anthropocene; enforcement; and the growing use of heritage as an ideological target in armed conflicts.