bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of healthcare needs on disabled earthquake survivors after the Malatya earthquake
Authors: Gökalp Mücahide Gökçen , Erciyas Şeyma Kilci , Ekrem Ebru Cirban , Çetin Şirin 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
The earthquake that occurred in Turkey on February 6, 2023 is considered the biggest disaster of the century, having a major impact on 10 provinces of Turkey. This study might provide the necessary data for healthcare services planning for disabled earthquake survivors according to their needs after the Malatya earthquake.

MATERIALS AND METHOD:
This mixed-patterned study was conducted in Malatya between February 17 and 20, 2023, with 30 disabled earthquake survivors. It was a mixed-methods study which involved both qualitative study using a semi-structured interview and quantitative analysis using both the Disability Status Analysis Questionnaire and the Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale (ESCA).

RESULTS:
The study determined four themes: “Accessibility to Assistive Devices,” “Establishment of Special Facilities for Disabled Individuals after the Earthquake,” “Suitability of Living Areas,” and “Accessibility to Campgrounds and Tent Cities.” The ESCA mean score of all disabled earthquake survivors was 87.47 ± 13.75 and those with multiple disabilities had lower ESCA scores (P < .05).

CONCLUSION:
It was found that disabled earthquake survivors had difficulties in meeting their basic needs after the earthquake. It is considered vital to include disabled individuals and their families in disaster planning and to teach them about these plans.
Rationale for declined child sex ratio across Perambalur district in Tamil Nadu—A qualitative study
Authors: George Neethu , Britto Dharmaraj R. , Muniyapillai Tamilarasan , Vignesh Nawin J. , DhivyaSri Thiruvengadam Rajarajeswari , Kulothungan Karthikeyan 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Child sex ratio signifies the proportion of girls compared with boys in 0 to 6 years of age group. It is an important indicator for any population and most significantly about the status of the girl child in the society. The study tried to approach in a qualitative manner to study the rationale behind the declining of child sex ratio.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a qualitative study using five focus group discussions and 12 in-depth interviews among various age groups, pregnant women, and other stake holders. The participants were approached with a semi-structured open-ended interview guide regarding the rationale of declined child sex ratio and measures to normalize it. After a thematic analysis, main themes and subthemes were selected after consensual agreement.

Results:
The study showed that male child preference is the main theme identified in the rationale part with subthemes of female vulnerability, socioeconomic status, literacy, cultural, and caste and religion as subthemes. The theme of female child preference also came up with as second child, care taking, affectionate, and cultural factors as subthemes. In the area of suggestions/interventions, education, counseling, government policies and media along with suggestions regarding sex determination and female feticide were identified.

Conclusion:
The decline in child sex ratio should be taken as an active social issue thus focusing more into female upliftment and enlightening into the issues of patriarchal nature, with reduction of cultural/religious beliefs.
Limbal stem cell deficiency: Demography, aetiology, and clinical presentation in Eastern India
Authors: Singh Vivek K. , Kumari Neha , Kusumesh Rakhi , Sinha Bibhuti P. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Aims:
To determine demographic details, clinical profile, and underlying causes of limbal stem cell deficiency.

Settings and Design:
Descriptive cross-sectional study.

Methods and Material:
Patients visiting tertiary referral hospitals between January 2019 and December 2022 who satisfy the criteria for labeling limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) were enrolled. Parameters such as age, gender, region, duration, aetiology, and clinical features were noted. Descriptive statistics was applied. The student t-test was used.

Results:
A total of 731 eyes of 489 patients with LSCD were included in our study, with age ranging from 5 to 85 years (35.0 ± 19.4 years). The most common presenting complaints were a decrease in vision 473 (96.7%), most of them 342 (69.7%) are having history of gradual progression (>3 months), and 245 (50.1%) have bilateral involvement of eyes. Average corneal clarity was found to be grade 1.6 ± 1.2 and average corneal superficial neovascularization was found to be 7.9 ± 4.3 quadrants. Clinically, we found LSCD of about up to 90° in 57 eyes, 90 to 180° in 71 eyes, 215 eyes with 180 to 270°, and the rest of 388 eyes were having more than 270° of LSCD involvement. Out of 489 patients, 142 (29.0%) patients were of chemical injury, 125 (25.6%) patients were of Steven Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), followed by 61 (12.5%) patients of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).

Conclusions:
The majority of patients were young males presented with more than 270° LSCD and vision <2/60. In our study, chemical injury was most common in unilateral LSCD and SJS/TEN in bilateral LSCD.
Psychological impact of COVID-19 lockdown period on students of healthcare colleges
Authors: Alayadi Haya , Talakey Arwa , Alsadon Omar , Vellappally Sajith , Naik Sachin 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic globally caused depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress. Mental health was affected by social separation, curfews, school and business closures, economic deterioration, and government objectives. This study intends to assess the influence of the post-COVID-19 lockdown period on the psychological health of students enrolled in health colleges at King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among students of healthcare colleges at King Saud University. We used a validated questionnaire of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). The questionnaire was sent to participants via google forms link through WhatsApp, e-mail, and other social media platforms. A total of 311 participants responded to the questionnaire. Descriptive analysis and a Chi-square test were performed for qualitative data analysis.

Results:
Among study participants, males were 50.4% and females were 49.6%. About 63% of the students attended a training session on COVID-19 prevention strategies. About 37% of the participants were from the College of Medicine, 27% were from the College of Dentistry, 21% from the College of Pharmacy, 5% from the College of Applied Medical Sciences, and 10% from the College of Nursing. The average anxiety score was 9.84, and the perceived stress score (PSS) was 23.95. 44.1% of students reported mild anxiety, and 1.6% suffered severe anxiety. High stress was perceived by 24.1% of the students, and 75.2% perceived a moderate stress level. No significant association was reported between gender, stress, and anxiety. Similarly, no association was found between stress and the year of study. However, a significant association was found between the year of study and anxiety (P = 0.015).

Conclusion:
To the limitation of the study, the analysis revealed that COVID significantly influences students’ psychological health. Such findings can be used to develop psychological interventions and susceptible populations and execute appropriate mental health policies and programs targeting student communities.
Impact of electronic health services on patient satisfaction in primary health care centers in Southwestern Saudi Arabia
Authors: Asiri Ahmed A. , Al-Qahtani Faisal Saeed , Al-Saleh Majed M. , Alhayyani Roqayya M. , Alfaya Fahad A. , Alfaifi Sami H. , Al-Badour Hassan M. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Electronic health service (EHS) offers computerized medical knowledge, electronic patients’ information, and telecommunications. The field of EHS has grown exponentially in the last decade, especially during and after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic; therefore, it is important to evaluate its impact on patient satisfaction.

Study Aim:
To evaluate the effect of EHS on patient satisfaction at the primary care centers (PHCCs) in Abha, southwestern Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:
This study was a questionnaire-based analytical cross-sectional study that was conducted in PHCCs, Abha city, southwestern Saudi Arabia. The study used an adapted questionnaire to assess patient satisfaction of EHS. We used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26 for data entry, scoring, and analysis.

Results:
The study included 249 participants, of whom 53% were males. Married participants comprised 69.5% of respondents. The most frequent electronic application used is Sehhaty (88.8%), and most of the applicants preferred it as well (73.5%). The majority of participants agree that they are satisfied with the care they received during the visit (71.5%). Females showed greater satisfaction levels, but the holders of higher educational degrees are less satisfied with EHS.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the study results suggest that the implementation of EHS in PHCCs located in the southwestern region of Saudi Arabia can lead to an increase in patient satisfaction. Thus, it is recommended that health care providers encourage the use of EHS as a means to enhance patient satisfaction and alleviate issues related to physical visits. More studies are needed to evaluate the impact of electronic health services on other levels of health care across the kingdom and to specific populations as well.
Nutritional status and its associated factors among the geriatric population in outpatient clinics of a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Usmani Maaha , Amin Faridah , Saeed Rabeeya , Durrani Noureen , Zaheer Muhammad K. , Mateen Areeba , Shakeel Fatima , Kumar Sateesh 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Elderly malnourishment remains a largely unexplored area, despite having a significant effect on the level of mortality and morbidity. This study aims to explore the level of malnourishment and identify those at risk of malnourishment among the elderly population presenting to a teaching hospital in Karachi.

Aims:
To assess nutritional status and its associated factors among the elderly population.

Settings and Design:
This study was conducted in outpatient clinics of family medicine at a teaching hospital and its outreach primary care centres from December 2020 to December 2021. The study design was cross-sectional.

Materials and Methods:
The prevalence of malnourishment and at risk of malnourishment with its associated factors were assessed using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) scale as a screening tool among the elderly population (65 years and above) presenting to the family medicine OPDs of a teaching hospital.

Statistical Analysis:
Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.

Results:
A total of 191 patients were recruited into the study, and the majority of them were males (66.5%). Median age and body mass index (BMI) of participants were 70 (IQR = 74-65) years and 24 (IQR = 27-21) kg/m2, respectively. The median MNA scores were 23.5 (IQR = 20.5-26). A total of 92 (48.2%) participants were found to have a normal nutritional status, 81 (42.4%) were found to be at a risk of malnourishment, and 18 (9.4%) were malnourished. On the multivariable regression model, BMI and ability to manage finances were significantly associated with malnourishment.

Conclusion:
This study shows an alarmingly high rate of the elderly population at risk of developing malnourishment, and financial independence and increasing BMI were associated with a decreased risk of malnourishment.
Qualitative exploration for the under-foot fall in utilization of health services at Primary Health Center of Shahdol, Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Kabirpanthi Vikrant , Gupta Vikas , Mishra Rohit , Ranjan Rajesh 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Despite efforts to improve healthcare infrastructure and service delivery, significant disparities in healthcare utilization persist, leading to suboptimal health outcomes and hindering progress toward achieving universal health coverage. This research article aims to conduct a qualitative exploration of the under-foot fall in utilization of health services, shedding light on the barriers and challenges faced by individuals in accessing and utilizing health care to inform targeted interventions and improve health service utilization.

Methods:
This qualitative study employed free listing, pile sorting, and focus group discussions (FGDs) as data collection methods. Representatives from various stakeholders involved in the primary healthcare delivery system were selected based on their vocalness, knowledge, willingness to participate, and heterogeneity of responses. Subsequently, FGDs and key informant interviews (KIIs) were conducted to further explore the identified barriers. The collected transcripts underwent manual thematic analysis using coding rules and theme generation procedures.

Results:
A total of 30 participants, including healthcare providers, community leaders, and individuals from the local community, took part in the qualitative exploration. The themes encompassed limited awareness and knowledge, geographical and infrastructural barriers, socioeconomic constraints, trust and perceptions of the healthcare system, and cultural and social factors. These findings provide valuable insights into the multifaceted barriers hindering healthcare utilization and can guide the development of targeted interventions and policies to improve healthcare access and delivery in the study area.

Conclusion:
The identified barriers, including limited awareness and knowledge, geographical and infrastructural challenges, socioeconomic constraints, trust and perceptions of the healthcare system, cultural and social factors, and gender disparities, are consistent with the existing literature.
A nudge strategy to increase the uptake of colorectal cancer screening in Saudi Arabia: A pragmatic randomized trial in the Hail region
Authors: Elfakki Fakhralddin A. M. , Alshammari Khalil I. , Aljamani Meshari Y. , Alshammari Waleed I. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
The purpose of this research was to examine the effectiveness of using a nudge strategy to encourage eligible clients to participate in colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) at primary care facilities. Additionally, it emphasizes the good outcomes of utilizing nudge in primary healthcare settings by reflecting on the novel experience of family physicians and nurses in the field of CRCS. Nudge is a cost-effective intervention that serves as a choice architect to assist people in making wise decisions for their lives. It is a subtly changed environment or combination of words that push individuals to make a decision without restricting their alternatives.

Research Methods:
This is a six-month, pragmatic trial with open-label recruitment that enrolled people with an average CRC risk from four screening healthcare zones that included 34 public primary care facilities. The study protocol is registered and can be accessed here: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05785975.

Results:
An obvious increase in the proportion of the uptake of CRCS screening is higher in the two intervention sites—Al Hait General Hospital Zone (38%) and Al-Shamli General Hospital Zone (26%), than in the two control sites, Bagaa General Hospital Zone (18%) and King Khalid Hospital Zone (18%).

Conclusions:
Using the nudge strategy to increase CRCS uptake is valuable and effective; additionally, front-line family physicians and nurses in primary care are encouraged to use a planned, positive, and highly selective set of words when offering screening. Policymakers could make use of these research outcomes when designing new guidelines for CRCS.
In silico characterization and identification of compound heterozygous variants in H/ACA Ribonucleoprotein Assembly Factor (SHQ1) from Indian population
Authors: Gowda Vykuntaraju K. , Srinivasan Varunvenkat M. , Srivastava Sudhanshu , Ghali Noor , Kinhal Uddhav , Shamnur Asha , Srivastava Anshika 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
H/ACA small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins (snoRNP) form a complex with multiple proteins to accomplish the pseudouridylation of rRNA. The assembly of H/ACA small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins (snoRNP) is initiated by H/ACA ribonucleoprotein Assembly factor, that is, SHQ1. Mutations in SHQ1 have been reported to cause two disorders namely, dystonia-35 childhood onset (OMIM*619921) and neurodevelopmental disorder with seizures and dystonia (OMIM*619922), both of which are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Considering the high genetic and clinical diversity of SHQ1-related clinical features and the importance of SHQ1 in the assembly of the H/ACA snoRNP complex, it is important to take a systematic approach to delineate the genetic diagnosis and impact of mutations on protein structure and stability.

Methods:
Whole exome sequencing followed by Sanger validation was performed in an individual with the clinical features of neurodevelopmental disorder with seizures and dystonia (OMIM*619922). Protein modeling studies of all the reported SHQ1 variants to date were performed using freely available web servers Interactive Tree of Life, String, BioGrid, ShinyGO, DAVID, and Pathvix. Protein structures were visualized using Pymol.

Results and Discussion:
We identified compound heterozygous variants, one known frameshift deletion c. 828_831del, p.(Asp277Serfs*27) and the other novel missense variant c. 1157A>C, p.(Tyr386Ser) found in an individual with neurodevelopmental disorder, seizures, movement disorder, and hypomyelination leukodystrophy on neuroimaging. Protein-interactome studies identified potential genetic interactors that include GAR1, NAF1, TRUB1, UTP15, DKC1, NOP10, NPHOSPH 10, KRR1, NOP58, NOP56, FBL, RRP9, NHP2, RUVBL1, and RUVBL2. Ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes, RNA polymerase, RNA transport, spliceosome, ribosome, cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, DNA replication, mismatch repair, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, and basal transcription factors process were identified as the linked pathways with the prioritized genes.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, a sophisticated genotype and phenotype correlation followed by linking the genes to the key biological pathways opens new avenues to understand disease pathology and plan for therapeutic interventions.
Psychological Morbidity and Body Dysmorphic Disorder among Patients with Acne
Authors: Mehra Aseem , Kamat Divya , Narang Tarun , Avasthi Ajit , Sahoo Swapnajeet , Grover Sandeep 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Aim:
This study aimed to evaluate the psychological morbidity, depression, anxiety disorder, level of stress, and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) among patients with acne and also to examine the relationship of BDD with the psychological morbidity, stress, and severity of acne.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and fifteen adult patients with acne were evaluated on the Perceived Stress Scale, Physical Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale, and BDD Questionnaire-Dermatology Version.

Results:
Approximately one-fourth of the patients with acne in the study group had depression (27.8%) and anxiety disorder (23.5%). Less than half (44.3%) of the patients with acne had preoccupation with their appearance/body parts and one-fourth (27.0%) fulfilled the criteria for BDD. Facial flaws were reported as the most concern. A significant number of patients avoided social and occupational functioning resulting in social isolation, interference in their work/job, interpersonal problems, etc. Those with BDD had a higher prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depressive disorder.

Conclusion:
About one-fourth of the patients with acne have BDD, which is associated with stress, anxiety, and depressive disorder. Accordingly, there is a need to regularly evaluate patients of acne for psychological issues. The dermatologist and psychiatrist should work in close liaison to provide the holistic care to patients with acne.
Scope of a Signature Strengths Intervention in Improving the Mental Health of Low-income Indian Emerging Adult Women: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Shaik Amreen , Baboo Smitha , Rajan Santhosh Kareepadath 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Indian women from lower socioeconomic statuses battle severe hardships owing to various social, cultural, and economic reasons. They have limited opportunities for personal growth, development, and progress in life which adversely affects their well-being and mental health. According to the positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment (PERMA), theory of well-being, utilizing one’s inner potential or signature strengths leads to an increase in these five factors of well-being. The present study was to test the effect of signature strengths intervention on well-being and its factors of low-income Indian emerging adult women.

Methods:
The researcher conducted a 6-weeks long online signature strengths intervention in a sample of 82 economically backward Indian emerging adult women. The study implemented a randomized controlled trial using a pretest–posttest experimental design, measuring well-being and its five factors at the pretest, posttest, and 1-month follow-up. Data were collected using the PERMA Profiler, a standardized questionnaire measuring the five factors of well-being as conceptualized by the PERMA Theory.

Results:
Findings showed significant increases in well-being and four of its factors, namely, positive emotions, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment factors of well-being at the 1-month follow-up in addition to overall well-being.

Conclusion:
Results of the study yielded preliminary empirical support for the PERMA Theory of Well-being and revealed that utilizing signature strengths is an effective means to improve different elements of well-being by helping individuals function at their best and live fulfilling lives.
Cubitus Varus Deformity Posttraumatic: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: El Gourty Ayoub 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The cubitus varus, frequently caused by a vicious callus, is the most common complication of the children’s supracondylar fractures, resulting from inadequate reduction or secondary displacement. We relate one case to analyze this complication. Our patient benefited from a step-cut osteotomy; the discussion was around different techniques of osteotomy to restore physiological valgus, including lateral closing-wedge, dome, three-dimensional, and step-cut osteotomies. The cubitus varus can be operated when the esthetic problem exceeds 15°, it associates a displacement in the three planes, whereas a correction in a single coronal plane can be accepted, the hyperextension must be treated for children over 10 years old. Humeral osteotomy is used to correct this deformity and to avoid later complications, such as ulnar nerve palsy, posterolateral rotatory instability, and secondary distal humeral fracture. The prevention and knowledge of the criteria for reduction supracondylar fractures should reduce the incidence of cubitus varus.