bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The health and economic burden of dust pollution in the textile industry of Faisalabad, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Muhammad , Muhmood Kashif , Mahmood Hafiz Zahid , Khaliq Imran Hameed , Zaman Shakila 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundExposure to dust in textile mills adversely affects workers’ health. We collected epidemiological data on textile workers suffering from respiratory diseases and assessed work absence associated with illnesses in Faisalabad, Pakistan.MethodsWe recruited 206 workers using multistage sampling from 11 spinning mills in Faisalabad, Pakistan. The data were collected using 2-week health diaries and face-to-face interviews. The data pertains to socio-demographics, occupational exposures, the state of the workers’ health, and other attributes. A theoretical framework of the health production function was used to estimate the relationship between cotton dust exposure and respiratory illnesses. We also estimated functional limitations (e.g., work absence) associated with dust exposure. STATA 12 was used to calculate descriptive statistics, an ordered probit for byssinosis, a probit model for chronic cough, and three complementary log-log models for blood phlegm, bronchitis, and asthma to measure dose–response functions. A Tobit model was used to measure the sickness absence function.ResultsWe found that cotton dust exposure causes a significant health burden to workers, such as cough (35%), bronchitis (17%), and different grades of byssinosis symptoms (22%). The regression analysis showed that smoking cigarettes and working in dusty sections were the main determinants of respiratory diseases. Dusty work sections also cause illness-related work absences. However, the probability of work absence decreases with the increased use of face masks.ConclusionThe study’s findings imply the significance of promoting occupational safety and health culture through training and awareness among workers or implementing the use of safety gadgets. Promulgating appropriate dust standards in textile mills is also a need of the hour.
Evaluation of the effects of curcumin on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with a bio-computational approach
Authors: Maboudian Mohammad , Amjad Elham , Asnaashari Solmaz , Dastmalchi Siavoush , Sokouti Babak , Javadzadeh Yousef 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
According to the increasing trend of COPD, the timely diagnosis and treatment of the disease can reduce the high costs to the health systems. Therefore, by biological calculation methods, signaling pathways and genes involved in this disease can be obtained and used to design drugs and other treatment methods. By using biological calculations, we determined that curcumin can affect this disease and its genes and signaling pathways. Our goal in this study was to find the genes by which curcumin exerts its effect and can maintain the function of corticosteroids against oxidizing agents.

Results
By finding the genes, it is possible to find precisely the pathways by which curcumin works, which can be used to design other drugs that cause these pathways and minimize their side effects. This study considers healthy samples (with/without curcumin) and oxygen-free radicals (with/without curcumin). Finally, statistical algorithms extract meaningful genes as effective biomarkers to investigate curcumin's effects and signaling pathways in COPD. The results show that the genes finally obtained as the most critical genes confirmed by the literature are effective in COPD. Finally, curcumin was input in SwissTargetPrediction to identify potential protein receptors. We used LigPlot+ software to visualize the receptor–ligand binding result provided by iGEMDOCK.

Conclusions
The data showed that the most significant genes in each group have been confirmed in other studies to be effective in this disease, and protein–protein interaction networks can be established between them to investigate their roles.
Psychometric evaluation and adaptation of the stigma affiliation scale into the Indonesian language in primary family caregivers of schizophrenia patients
Authors: Kurnianingsih Tuti , Lumbantoruan Patricia Beta Ayu , Afriandi Irvan , Pandia Veranita , Dhamayanti Meita 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The Stigma Affiliation Scale (ASS) is an instrument to assess affiliation stigma used widely worldwide. This study aims to adapt the ASS to the Indonesian language and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the ASS among family caregivers of people with schizophrenia in Indonesia.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted of 94 schizophrenia patients’ family caregivers in communities, i.e., an items analysis, construct validity using the known-group method, and internal consistency reliability.

Results
The consistency between items and overall scores using Pearson product-moment correlation shows that all the items had Pearson’s coefficient correlation ≥ 0.300, indicating good and acceptable discriminant power. The construct validity using the Mann–Whitney U test comparing the ASS scores between the primary caregivers and other family members of schizophrenic patients showed higher scores in the primary caregivers than the other family members in the three domains (p < 0.0001), indicating excellent construct validity. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.80–0.89 and above 0.90, which indicate good and excellent reliability, respectively.

Conclusion
The Indonesian version of ASS shows good psychometric properties among family caregivers of people with schizophrenia in Indonesia.
PD-L1 expression and its significance in advanced NSCLC: real-world experience from a tertiary care center
Authors: Kilaru Sindhu , Panda Soumya Surath , Moharana Lalatendu , Mohapatra Debahuti , Mohapatra Satya Sundar G. , Panda Adyakinkar , Kolluri Spoorthy , Devaraj Suma , Biswas Ghanashyam 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Targeted therapies against programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have revolutionized the management in recent years. There is paucity of data on the significance of PD-L1 expression in NSCLC from India. We aimed to study the prevalence of PD-L1 expression and its relation with different clinico-pathological parameters in advanced NSCLC from a tertiary care center in Eastern India.

Methods
All consecutive patients with advanced NSCLC diagnosed from January 2020 to December 2021 were prospectively evaluated for PD-L1 expression in formalin fixed-paraffin embedded tumor tissue specimens using immunohistochemistry analysis. A PD-L1 expression of < 1%, 1–49%, and ≥ 50% were considered negative, low, and high expression positive respectively, and association with various parameters was performed.

Results
Out of the 94 patients (mean age 59.6 ± 14 years and 63.8% males), PD-L1 positivity was seen in 42 (44.7%) patients, with low positivity (1–49%) in 29 patients and high positivity (≥ 50%) in 13 patients. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) mutations were seen in 28 patients (29.8%). There were no significant differences in PD-L1 positivity with respect to gender, age, and molecular mutation status. PD-L1 positivity was significantly associated with tobacco use (p = 0.04), advanced tumor stage (p < 0.001), and higher nodal stage (p < 0.001). Median overall survival in the cohort was 17 months and it was not significantly different between the PD-L1 positive and negative groups.

Conclusions
Forty-five percent of advanced NSCLC patients in our cohort showed positive PD-L1 expression and it is associated with tobacco use and aggressive tumor characteristics.
Second-stage pipeline embolization device treatment with coil embolization for large cerebral aneurysm prevents silent diffusion-weighted image ischemic infarction: a retrospective study
Authors: Kawamura Yosuke , Takigawa Tomoji , Nariai Yasuhiko , Hyodo Akio , Suzuki Kensuke 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Second-stage flow diversion with coil embolization may improve occlusion outcomes and reduce periprocedural complications in patients with cerebral aneurysm. However, the actual cause behind this is unclear. In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of second-stage pipeline embolization device (PED) and single-stage PED with coil embolization.

Results
Of the 22 treated patients with aneurysm, 10 and 12 were treated with second-stage PED and single-stage PED with coil embolization, respectively. The mean follow-up duration was 29.6 months. The mean numbers of diffusion-weighted image (DWI)-positive spots on day 1 post-procedure were 4.9 and 10.8 in the second-stage and single-stage PED with coil embolization groups, respectively (P = 0.01). Deterioration of the modified Rankin scale score was not ≥ 2 in any patient during follow-up in the second-stage PED group but was observed in 16.7% of cases (2/12) in the single-stage PED with coil embolization group (P = 0.48). On follow-up angiography, complete occlusion was observed in all patients (10/10) in the second-stage PED group and 66.7% (8/12) in the single-stage PED with coil embolization group (P = 0.09).

Conclusions
The second-stage PED strategy significantly reduces the number of DWI high-intensity spots, leading to the prevention of ischemic complications. This strategy may help to prevent complications and reduce morbidity.
Comparison of four DNA barcoding loci to distinguish between some Apiaceae family species
Authors: Abdelaziz Shaimaa A. , Khaled Khaled A. M. , Younis Rania A. A. , Al-Kordy Magdy A. , El-Domyati Fotouh M. , Moghazee Mona M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The Apiaceae family is among the most significant plant families because it contains both beneficial and poisonous plants. Due to their morphological similarity, these harmless and lethal species are frequently confounded. Cumin, fennel, and anise are the most prevalent members of the family Apiaceae in Egypt. Members of this family are routinely used as medical surrogates, so it is crucial that they are correctly identified and distinguished. DNA barcoding is a molecular technique used for identifying species and reconstructing phylogenetic trees.

Results
Six plants from this family were chosen for this study due to their medicinal importance, and four DNA barcoding loci (rbcL, matK, trnH-psaA, and ITS) were used to identify them. The amplicons were sequenced, and the comparative analysis was conducted between the sequences evaluated and the most significant Blast results. The DNA rbcL, trnH-psaA, and ITS barcodes exhibited similar amplicons among the six species of Apiaceae, while the trnH-psaA barcode exhibited different amplicons among the Apiaceae. Maximum likelihood approach was used to calculate the genetic distance between the sex species of Apiaceae. The most significant findings were that the one from four DNA barcoding was able to distinguish between distinct species and confirm their evolutionary belonging to this family.

Conclusions
The current study concludes that trnH-psbA and ITS DNA identifiers can be used to accurately identify, differentiate, and record Apiaceae species, while the rbcl DNA barcode appears to have fallen short of its intended purpose. So, the data that come from DNA barcodes could be used for the biodiversity assessment and the similarities between hazardous and commercial plants to resolve some of these deficiencies.
RcMYB8 enhances salt and drought tolerance in rose (Rosa chinensis) by modulating RcPR5/1 and RcP5CS1
Authors: Zhang Yichang , Yu Shuang , Niu Pengfei , Su Lin , Jiao Xuecheng , Sui Xiuyu , Shi Yaru , Liu Boda , Lu Wanpei , Zhu Hong , Jiang Xinqiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPlant Myeloblastosis (MYB) proteins function crucially roles upon variegated abiotic stresses. Nonetheless, their effects and mechanisms in rose (Rosa chinensis) are not fully clarified. In this study, we characterized the effects of rose RcMYB8 under salt and drought tolerances. For induction of the RcMYB8 expression, NaCl and drought stress treatment were adopted. Rose plants overexpressing RcMYB8 displayed enhanced tolerance to salinity and drought stress, while silencing RcMYB8 resulted in decreased tolerance, as evidenced by lowered intra-leaf electrolyte leakage and callose deposition, as well as photosynthetic sustainment under stressed conditions. Here, we further show that RcMYB8 binds similarly to the promoters of RcPR5/1 and RcP5C51 in vivo and in vitro. Inhibiting RcP5CS1 by virus-induced gene silencing led to decreased drought tolerance through the reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostatic regulation. RcP5CS1-silenced plants showed an increase in ion leakage and reduce of proline content, together with the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased, lowered activities of Catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Our study highlights the transcriptional modulator role of RcMYB8 in drought and salinity tolerances, which bridges RcPR5/1 and RcP5CS1 by promoting ROS scavenging. Besides, it is probably applicable to the rose plant engineering for enhancing their abiotic stress tolerances.
Graphical Abstract
Automatic multi-disease classification on retinal images using multilevel glowworm swarm convolutional neural network
Authors: Chavan Rupali , Pete Dnyandeo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn ophthalmology, early fundus screening is an economical and effective way to prevent blindness from eye diseases. Because clinical evidence does not exist, manual detection is time-consuming and may cause the situation to be delayed clinically. With the development of deep learning, a wide variety of eye diseases have shown promising results; however, most of these studies focus on only one disease. Therefore, focusing on multi-disease classification based on fundus images is an effective approach. Consequently, this paper presents a method based on the multilevel glowworm swarm optimization convolutional neural network (MGSCNN) for the classification of multiple diseases. It is proposed that the proposed system has two stages, namely preprocessing and classification. In the beginning, the images are normalized, smoothed, and resized to prepare them for preprocessing. After pre-processing, the images are fed to the MGSCNN classifier to classify an image as normal or abnormal (covering 39 different types of diseases). In the CNN classifier, with the help of Glowworm Swarm Optimizer (GSO), we optimally detect the structure and hyperparameters of CNN simultaneously. This approach achieves an excellent accuracy of 95.09% based on various metrics.
Immune-related adverse event in the emergency department: methodology of the immune-related emergency disposition index (IrEDi)
Authors: Reyes-Gibby Cielito C. , Caterino Jeffrey M. , Coyne Christopher J. , Kyriacou Demetrios N. , Qdaisat Aiham , McQuade Jennifer , Owen Dwight H. , Bischof Jason J. , Shete Sanjay , Yeung Sai-Ching Jim 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFor many cancer patients, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can be life-saving. However, the immune-related adverse events (irAEs) from ICIs can be debilitating and can quickly become severe or even be fatal. Often, irAEs will precipitate visits to the emergency department (ED). Therefore, early recognition and the decision to admit, observe, or discharge these patients from the ED can be key to a cancer patient’s morbidity and mortality. ED clinicians typically make their decision for disposition (admit, observe, or discharge) within 2–6 h from their patient’s ED presentation. However, irAEs are particularly challenging in the ED because of atypical presentations, the absence of classic symptoms, the delayed availability of diagnostic tests during the ED encounter, and the fast pace in the ED setting. At present, there is no single sufficiently large ED data source with clinical, biological, laboratory, and imaging data that will allow for the development of a tool that will guide early recognition and appropriate ED disposition of patients with potential irAEs. We describe an ongoing federally funded project that aims to develop an immune-related emergency disposition index (IrEDi). The project capitalizes on a multi-site collaboration among 4 members of the Comprehensive Oncologic Emergency Research Network (CONCERN): MD Anderson Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Northwestern University, and University of California San Diego. If the aims are achieved, the IrEDi will be the first risk stratification tool derived from a large racial/ethnically and geographically diverse population of cancer patients. The future goal is to validate irEDi in general EDs to improve emergency care of cancer patients on ICIs.
Pulmonary wedge resection for lung cancer developing in a single transplanted lung: a case report
Authors: Aze Koji , Sato Masaaki , Nagano Masaaki , Nakajima Jun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Primary lung cancer arising in a transplanted lung is much rarer than cancer arising in a native lung. We herein describe a case of lung cancer developing in a transplanted lung after single-lung transplantation. Wedge resection was safely and successfully completed using venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO).

Case presentation
A 63-year-old man underwent right single-lung transplantation for idiopathic interstitial pneumonia from a donor in his 60s with a 44-pack-year history of smoking. One year 6 months later, computed tomography revealed a 10-mm nodule in the right lower lobe of the transplanted lung. Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography showed abnormal accumulation of fluorodeoxyglucose (maximum standardized uptake value, 2.8) in the same area, suggesting lung cancer. However, percutaneous or transbronchial biopsy was technically impossible. Surgical diagnosis and treatment were planned, and VV-ECMO was introduced before wedge resection. Although pleural adhesion and the location of the nodule close to the hilum resulted in a challenging procedure, the operation was completed in 190 min. The final pathological diagnosis was papillary adenocarcinoma.

Conclusions
Lung cancer arising in a lung transplanted from a brain-dead donor is rare. Limited lung resection using VV-ECMO is considered a useful option, particularly in cases of single-lung transplantation.
Days spent with healthcare contact by patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer in the last year of life.
Authors: Sentana Lledo Daniel , Barnett Amelia , Einstein David Johnson , Gupta Arjun , Morgans Alicia K. 
Published: January 2024

100 Background: Days spent with healthcare contact while pursuing cancer treatment (i.e., “time toxicity”) may be particularly relevant when life expectancy is most limited. Patients with metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) ultimately choose whether to pursue further cancer directed therapies or receive supportive care and reduce expected healthcare contact. We sought to define the evolution of time toxicity over the last year of life in patients with mCRPC. Methods: Contact days, defined as any day with healthcare contact outside the home, were retrospectively assessed and categorized (e.g., infusion, ER visit) in 96 patients at an academic cancer center. The primary objective was to compare contact days in the 90-day period between 12 and 9 months prior to date of death (“first quarter”) and the 90-day period prior to death (“last quarter”) using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Additional exploratory analyses were performed evaluating the association between clinicodemographic variables and systemic treatments received. Results: There were higher median [IQR] total contact days in the last quarter (6 [2,17]) compared to the first quarter (4 [3,6], p < 0.01), driven by ER visits and hospitalizations. Compared to patients off treatment/supportive care (4 [3,4]) in the first quarter, chemotherapy (5 [4,6], p = 0.02) and radiotherapeutics (5 [4,9], p = 0.03) were associated with greater contact days, but androgen signaling inhibitors were not (3 [2,5], p = 0.20). However, there were no significant differences in contact days between any treatment vs non-treatment in the last quarter. Non-White patients (n = 27) and those without higher education (n = 30) had more contact days in the last quarter (9 [2,19], p < 0.01 for both). Patients who enrolled on hospice 7 days (n = 11) or 30 days (n = 39) before date of death had more contact days in the last quarter than those with earlier enrollment (23 [7,28], p < 0.01; 13 [4,24], p < 0.01 respectively). Conclusions: Healthcare contact was higher in the last 3 months of life due to increased number of days with inpatient level of care. Further studies to define healthcare exposure and time toxicity of mCRPC treatments are warranted to inform patient expectations towards the end-of-life. [Table: see text]
PRO-WAVE1: Monitoring patient reported outcomes (PROs) in prostate cancer through Wave Health, a novel ePRO health platform.
Authors: Cacho Diego , Congregado Belen , Rivero Belenchon Ines , Linares Espinos Estefania , Basterretxea Laura , Sancho Gemma , Lainez Nuria , Buchser David , Sanguedolce Francesco , Gurruchaga Ibon , Gomez Mediavilla Borja , Esteban Brigida , Hernandez Amaia , Lashey Matthew , Duran Ignacio 
Published: January 2024

114 Background: It is well established that the monitoring and evaluation of PROs in cancer patients has a positive impact in both quality of life and overall survival.1 In parallel, the widespread use of electronic devices such as smart phones in the general population have increased significantly over recent years,2 representing a unique opportunity to operationalize ePROs. However, there is uncertainty about the feasibility and applicability of these technologies in certain patient population such as prostate cancer (PC) patients. PRO-WAVE1 aims to determine the acceptability and engagement of the Wave Health patient app and healthcare provider portal, enhanced for PC patients. Specific endpoints include measuring longitudinal use of varying ePROs to impact care management, patient health literacy, and ability to identify and manage emerging risks. Methods: The study is underway across eight sites in Spain. Patient ePRO engagement is being evaluated through the administration of 19 ePRO questionnaires over the course of 13 weeks, including: health-related QoL (FACT-P); health literacy (CHLT-30-Dkspa); and weekly reviews of symptoms (WSR). Compliance rates per patient and per cohort will be reported at assessment time-points and for the entire study period. Secondary objectives evaluated include engagement with Wave Health App; changes in HRQoL; changes in health literacy; and the perceived value of the platform by patients and HCPs. Results: 98 patients were enrolled in the study. Patient cohort representation included: 44.9% mHSPC, 36.7% mCRPC, and 18.3% nmPC. Of the 98 patients, 84 successfully became active in the study and participated (85.7% acceptance). As of September 20, 2023, among the completed patients (N=46), the compliance rate for the ePRO questionnaires was 93.7%. During their participation, these patients used the app for an average of 12.2 weeks, and approximately two-thirds (67.4%) used the app for all 13 weeks. Weekly “usefulness” ratings among the HCPS averaged 3.6 (scale: 1 “not at all useful” to 5 “very useful”). Conclusions: Study results exceeded expectations for patient acceptability and engagement with the app; as well as perceived usefulness of the portal among HCPs – suggesting the platform as an impactful tool for patients working with HCPs to manage treatment journeys. A larger study using a comparator arm will help further evaluate the impact on costs and clinical outcomes. 1. Basch E., JAMA 2017. 2. Statista, 2023.