bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Survey Study on Knowledge and Attitude Toward the Ethics Committee and Research Ethical Practices Among Researchers From Kuwait
Authors: Shiju Rashmi , Thankachan Smitha , Akhil Ayesha , Sharma Prem , Bennakhi Abdullah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe integrity of research findings and the safety of participants who voluntarily consent to participate in research studies must be assured through ethical approaches. Additionally, ethical guidelines and the ethics committee protect participants from unfair practices by the research team. Therefore, this study aims to assess the knowledge and attitudes toward the ethics committee and research ethical practices among the researchers of a diabetes institute in Kuwait. An anonymous survey was conducted through an online questionnaire using Microsoft Forms. The study had a response rate of 86%. Among the 55 participants in this study, 43 (78%) had ethics training. Researchers involved in more than four research projects were shown to have a much higher awareness of the ethics committee and its role than researchers involved in no projects. Approximately 90% of researchers had training in research ethics and were knowledgeable about informed consent forms and assent, as well as additional protections for vulnerable populations. Ninety-eight percent of respondents were of the view that an ethics committee was necessary. Our study concluded that most of the researchers at the institute were aware of the role of the ethics committee, and ethical principles. However, we recommend that continuous and customized training on research ethics should be provided.
Nachhaltigkeit, Soziale Arbeit und ökosoziale Transformation
Authors: Schmitt Caroline 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag gibt einen Einblick in die internationale sozialarbeiterische Debatte zu Nachhaltigkeit und befasst sich mit Green Social Work, Ecological Social Work, Environmental Social Work, Deep Ecology Social Work und Ecosocial Work. Er ist getragen von der These, dass Rezeption und Weiterentwicklung dieser Konzepte auch im deutschsprachigen Raum gewinnbringend sind und die Standortbestimmung Sozialer Arbeit im Nachhaltigkeitsdiskurs vorantreiben.
Thermodynamic Evaluation of the Surface Tension and Viscosity of Liquid Quaternary Alloys: The Ti-Al-Cr-Nb System
Authors: Novakovic Rada , Giuranno Donatella , Mohr Markus , Fecht Hans-Jöerg 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSurface tension and viscosity of complex Ti-based industrial alloys are important for simulation of liquid assisted industrial processes such as casting, joining, crystal growth and infiltration. Modelling of the interface and mass transport during liquid-solid phase transition requires reliable surface tension and viscosity data. Therefore, to obtain accurate predictions of microstructural evolution during solidification related processes, only reliable input data are necessary. In the case of liquid Ti-Al alloys, the experimental difficulties related to high temperature measurements and reactivity of these alloys with supporting materials or containers as well as inevitable presence of oxygen may lead to data gaps including a complete lack of property data. An alternative for container-based methods are containerless processing techniques that offer a significant accuracy improvement and / or make possible to measure temperature and composition dependent thermophysical properties of metallic melts, as in the case of the Ti-Al-Cr-Nb system. Advanced mathematical models and computer simulations, developed in several theoretical frameworks, can be used to compensate the missing data; on the other side, for the validation of theoretical models, the experimental data are used. In the present work, an evaluation of the surface tension and viscosity of liquid Ti-Al-Cr-Nb alloys by means of the predictive models and a comparison to the available experimental data were done. The proposed methodology is a tool to assess the reliability of thermophysical properties data of multicomponent alloy systems.
Passaging of gingival fibroblasts from periodontally healthy and diseased sites upregulates osteogenesis-related genes
Authors: Karlis Gerasimos D. , Schoenmaker Ton , Tsoromokos Nektarios , Veth Olaf E. , Loos Bruno G. , de Vries Teun J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo investigate biological processes of the periodontium, in vitro primary cell models have been established. To study the biology of the gingiva, primary gingival fibroblast cell models are widely used. For such experiments, cells need to be expanded and passaged. A key assumption is that primary cells maintain most of their original characteristics they have in situ. The aim of this research is to explore the impact of early passaging on selected gene expression of human gingival fibroblast cells. For this purpose, gene expression from the outgrowth of the resected tissues until the fourth passage was followed for nine tissue samples, from both healthy and diseased sites. Micrographs were taken from the cultures, RNA was extracted from the samples of each passage and quantitative PCR was performed for selected genes representing various biological processes. Epithelial cells were present during the first outgrowth, but were no longer present in the second passage. Our results indicate that the morphology of the gingival fibroblast cells does not change with passaging and that passages 2–4 contain only gingival fibroblasts. Gene expression of M-CSF, TNF-α, TLR4, POSTN and FAPα was unchanged by passaging, the expression of IL-6, IL-1β and TLR2 decreased due to passaging and the expression of in particular the selected osteogenesis genes (ALP, RUNX2, Osteonectin, COL1A), OPG and MKI67 increased with passaging. Worldwide, use of the same passage in laboratory experiments using primary cell cultures is the standard. Our results support this, since for certain genes, in particular osteogenesis genes, expression may alter solely due to passaging.
Three Dimensional Bioprinting for Hepatic Tissue Engineering: From In Vitro Models to Clinical Applications
Authors: Kasturi Meghana , Mathur Vidhi , Gadre Mrunmayi , Srinivasan Varadharajan , Vasanthan Kirthanashri S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFabrication of functional organs is the holy grail of tissue engineering and the possibilities of repairing a partial or complete liver to treat chronic liver disorders are discussed in this review. Liver is the largest gland in the human body and plays a responsible role in majority of metabolic function and processes. Chronic liver disease is one of the leading causes of death globally and the current treatment strategy of organ transplantation holds its own demerits. Hence there is a need to develop an in vitro liver model that mimics the native microenvironment. The developed model should be a reliable to understand the pathogenesis, screen drugs and assist to repair and replace the damaged liver. The three-dimensional bioprinting is a promising technology that recreates in vivo alike in vitro model for transplantation, which is the goal of tissue engineers. The technology has great potential due to its precise control and its ability to homogeneously distribute cells on all layers in a complex structure. This review gives an overview of liver tissue engineering with a special focus on 3D bioprinting and bioinks for liver disease modelling and drug screening.
NFT-enabled organization design: prospects, promises and hurdles
Authors: Tinguely Patrick Nicolas , Shrestha Yash Raj 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNon-fungible tokens (NFTs) are digital assets based on blockchain technology that are increasingly being used for various applications in organizations. Given NFTs’ unique technological features, we posit that traditional, centralized organizations can adopt them to introduce novel solutions to the fundamental problems of organizing, namely, division of labor and integration of efforts. We examine the prospects and promises of NFT-enabled organization design and suggest how organizations can navigate its potential hurdles. We discuss critical boundary conditions for the deployment of NFTs in organization design and conclude by articulating how our Point of View article contributes to scholarship on blockchain technology and decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs).
On local Galois deformation rings
Authors: Böckle Gebhard , Iyengar Ashwin , Paškūnas Vytautas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We show that framed deformation rings of mod p representations of the absolute Galois group of a p-adic local field are complete intersections of expected dimension. We determine their irreducible components and show that they and their special fibres are normal and complete intersection. As an application, we prove density results of loci with prescribed p-adic Hodge theoretic properties.
Modernity and consumer culture in Visconti's early films
Authors: Capitano Rossana 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLuchino Visconti is widely recognised as a high-culture director. However, in his films of the period 1943–63 there was a firm engagement with consumer culture and modernity in terms of themes, characters and references. This article explores this often overlooked dimension in Visconti's films by analysing a number of key sequences and moments that relate directly to consumption, consumer culture, leisure, modernity, Americanisation and youth culture. The analysis shows how these representations related to the ongoing changes in Italian postwar society and to incoming Americanisation in particular. My research is informed by the work of Gary Cross, Victoria De Grazia and Emanuela Scarpellini on consumer culture and contextualises how Visconti's referencing of consumer culture and modernity was received by the PCI (Partito Comunista Italiano or Italian Communist Party).
‘WHERE CIVIL BLOOD MAKES CIVIL HANDS UNCLEAN’: THE MODEL OF STASIS IN SALLUST
Authors: Paleo‐Paz Héctor 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe following paper proposes that Sallust offers a conceptualization of civil conflict more in line with the Greek paradigm of stasis than with its Roman counterpart bellum ciuile. In doing so, it argues for the actual coexistence of these two differentiated conceptual strands in the political thought of the Late Republic. To this end, Sallust's corpus is analysed to identify the main threads that articulate civil strife in its multifarious manifestations: how it arises and who its protagonists are or, conversely, how it is kept in check, how it is connected to the human passions that drive ideology, and the violence that stems from the clash between political and familial spheres of influence. The article shows how the pathos of familial drama is what characterizes civil conflict for Sallust, rather than the struggle for legitimacy found in Cicero's narrative.
On Liouville theorems of a Hartree–Poisson system
Authors: Li Ling , Lei Yutian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we are concerned with the non-existence of positive solutions of a Hartree–Poisson system:
\begin{equation*}
\left\{
\begin{aligned}
&-\Delta u=\left(\frac{1}{|x|^{n-2}}\ast v^p\right)v^{p-1},\quad u \gt 0\ \text{in} \ \mathbb{R}^{n},\\
&-\Delta v=\left(\frac{1}{|x|^{n-2}}\ast u^q\right)u^{q-1},\quad v \gt 0\ \text{in} \ \mathbb{R}^{n},
\end{aligned}
\right.
\end{equation*} where $n \geq3$ and $\min\{p,q\} \gt 1$. We prove that the system has no positive solution under a Serrin-type condition. In addition, the system has no positive radial classical solution in a Sobolev-type subcritical case. In addition, the system has no positive solution with some integrability in this Sobolev-type subcritical case. Finally, the relation between a Liouville theorem and the estimate of boundary blowing-up rates is given.
Maria Weston Chapman, French Salons, and Transatlantic Abolitionism in the Mid-Nineteenth Century
Authors: Rivington Kate 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article examines the idea of anti-slavery sociability as part of a wider analysis of the informal elements of the transatlantic anti-slavery movement. It considers how American abolitionist Maria Weston Chapman drew support for the American anti-slavery cause from French salons during her time spent living in Paris from 1848 to 1855. This case-study highlights how a focus on the informal dimensions of anti-slavery activism illuminates the often underappreciated work of female abolitionists in the transatlantic reform sphere. Through the connections she established with the likes of French writer Victor Hugo and Russian exile Nicholas Tourgueneff at salons in Paris, most notably that of Mary Clarke Mohl on the Rue de Bac, Chapman was able to cultivate European support for abolitionism in myriad ways. This included financial donations, goods to be sold at anti-slavery bazaars, and, perhaps most importantly, testimonies against American slavery from renowned Europeans like Hugo that could be republished in the United States.
The influence of clinical experience on reliable evaluation of pharyngeal and laryngeal lesions: comparison of high-definition laryngoscopy using narrow band imaging with fibre-optic laryngoscopy
Authors: Scholman Constanze , Zwakenberg Manon A , Wedman Jan , Wachters Jan E , Halmos Gyorgy B , van der Laan Bernard F A M , Plaat Boudewijn E C 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundFibre-optic laryngoscopy is still widely used in daily clinical practice; however, high-definition laryngoscopy using narrow band imaging could be more reliable in characterising pharyngeal and laryngeal lesions.MethodsEndoscopic videos were assessed in a tertiary referral hospital by 12 observers with different levels of clinical experience. Thirty pairs of high-definition laryngoscopy with narrow band imaging and fibre-optic laryngoscopy videos were judged twice, with an interval of two to four weeks, in a random order. Inter- and intra-observer reliability, sensitivity and specificity were calculated in terms of detecting a malignant lesion and a specific histological entity, for beginners, trained observers and experts.ResultsUsing high-definition laryngoscopy with narrow band imaging, inter-observer reliability for detecting malignant lesions increased from moderate to substantial in trained observers and experts (high-definition laryngoscopy with narrow band imaging κ = 0.66 and κ = 0.77 vs fibre-optic laryngoscopy κ = 0.51 and κ = 0.56, for trained observers and experts respectively) and sensitivity increased by 16 per cent.ConclusionInter-observer reliability increased with the level of clinical experience, especially when using high-definition laryngoscopy with narrow band imaging.
Fit and Well-Being
Authors: Bruno-Niño Teresa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, I argue for Fit, a prudential version of the claim that attitudes must fit their objects, the claim that there is an extra benefit when one's reactions fit their objects. I argue that Fit has surprising and powerful consequences for theories of well-being. Classic versions of the objective list theory, hedonism, desire views, and loving-the-good theories do not accommodate Fit. Suitable modifications change some of the views substantially. Modified views give reactions a robust role as sources of well-being, and they accept that objects call for some attitudes but not others. I argue that objective list theories and loving-the-good theories require the most minimal changes to accommodate Fit, so we have a pro tanto reason to favor these views over alternatives.
How effective is public health policy in Scotland on vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy?
Authors: Campbell Ruth , Curran Christopher , Hayward Jonathan , Godwin Jon , Johnston Susan , Armstrong Julie , Collier Andrew 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the uptake of universal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy, its effectiveness in preventing vitamin D deficiency and the factors associated with these.Design:The regional public health organisation in Ayrshire, Scotland has a policy of universal provision of vitamin D supplements (10 µg/d) to all pregnant women for the duration of their pregnancy. Pregnant women in this area were recruited at their 12-week antenatal appointment. Blood samples were collected at the 12-week and 34-week appointments. To account for the seasonal variation, women were recruited in two cohorts: summer and winter. Telephone interviews were conducted at 34 weeks to assess the uptake of vitamin D supplements during pregnancy. Other variables were obtained from medical records.Setting:The study was conducted in the NHS Ayrshire and Arran Health Board in Scotland.Participants:612 pregnant women (aged 15–44 years) living in Ayrshire (latitude 55°), Scotland.Results:Sixty-six percentage took supplementation as recommended. Consumption of supplementation was significantly associated with a higher median serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations at 34 weeks. Despite this at 34 weeks, 33 % of the summer cohort had insufficient or deficient vitamin D status, while 15 % of the winter cohort had insufficient or deficient status. In multivariable analysis, only adherence and season were independent predictors of vitamin D status.Conclusions:While supplementation improved and maintained vitamin D status during pregnancy, it was not adequate to ensure all those insufficient at 12 weeks achieved sufficient status at the end of pregnancy.
Protecting Our (White) Daughters: U.S. Immigration and Benevolent Sexism
Authors: Smilan-Goldstein Rachel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo advocate for restrictive immigration policies, conservative U.S. politicians have advanced a narrative that Latino immigrants commit violent crimes against White women. This framing of immigrant threat builds on a long history of similar anti-Black discourse and activates racialized ideas about protecting femininity. I demonstrate how the identities of purported victims of immigrant crime connect attitudes about immigration with benevolent sexism—a superficially positive, protective attitude toward particular types of women. An original survey experiment shows that benevolent sexism is activated when victims of immigrant crime are White women. Using nationally representative survey data, I show that the benevolent face of sexism has a notable impact on the immigration attitudes of White Americans, particularly when it comes to the protectionist policy of policing of the U.S.-Mexico border.
Varieties of clientelism across political parties: new measures of patron–client relationships
Authors: Higashĳima Masaaki , Washida Hidekuni 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecent research on clientelism has focused on the varieties of clientelism. They suggest that clientelistic exchanges differ in terms of the expected length of iterations, whereby politicians deliver benefits to voters in exchange for political support. Using newly collected V-Party data (1,844 political parties from 165 countries, 1970–2019), we identify two prominent types of clientelism that recent studies have suggested: relational clientelism and single-shot clientelism. By demonstrating that our measures of clientelism outperform existing cross-national indices, we suggest that it is important to unpack clientelistic linkages at the party level to grasp the fine-grained differences in clientelism across parties within states. We then apply our measures to the analysis of the relationship between economic development and clientelism, one of the major topics in the clientelism study. Our analysis finds that relational clientelism persists even in relatively developed countries, whereas the effect of economic development on single-shot clientelism has a curvilinear relationship. Our applications of the new measures of clientelism also show that the gap in clientelistic practices between ruling and opposition parties varies depending on the types of clientelism, tenure lengths of incumbents, and the degree of political centralization.
The Design of The Drive
Authors: Norton J L 
Published: October 2023

The Chairman, in introducing the Lecturer, said they were to have the pleasure of listening to Mr NORTON, of the Engine Division of the Bristol Aeroplane Company, who would talk about the design of helicopter transmissionMr NORTON received his technical training at the Central Technical College, Birmingham, and his practical engineering training at Alfred Wiseman, Ltd, and various branches of what is now Birmid Industries, Ltd After periods in different departments of Norton Motors, Ltd (founded by his father), he joined the design and experimental staff of that firm In 1931 he set up in business on his own account as an electrical engineer In 1936 he joined the Bristol Aeroplane Co Ltd (Engine Division), and later became Chief of the Engine Design Office In 1941 he was appointed Special Projects Engineer, being responsible for the design and development of power plants and special transmissions for the less conventional types of installation
The Design of Helicopter Operating Sites
Authors: Hough H T 
Published: October 2023

The Chairman said the Association were transferring their thoughts for the evening from the pure technicalities of the vehicle to the equally important problem of what facilities it required for operation, particularly for the inter-city transport role which had caught the imagination in the last two years, not only in this country but in the United States and elsewhere abroadThey had been very fortunate in that Mr Hough, the City Engineer and Surveyor of the City of Liverpool, would address them on the subject Liverpool was one of the cities in this country which had given a great deal of thought to the matter
Aerial Systems
Authors: Burberry R A 
Published: October 2023

Without a good aerial system an Aircraft Radio Equipment is about as useful as a helicopter without a rotor and yet it still happens that the proper provision and siting of aerials is neglected The intention of this paper is to outline the basic requirements of aerials for the radio systems in general used on helicopters and to show how the difficulties peculiar to this class of aircraft can be overcomeCLASSIFICATIONFor the purposes of this discussion three broad categories of radio equipment can be distinguished These are1Low frequency—i e, up to 2 Mc/s or wavelengths greater than 150 meters In this range the major aircraft dimensions are much less than the wavelength2High frequency (H F) 2 to 30 Mc/s or wavelengths of 150 to 10 meters in which the aircraft size is becoming comparable with the wavelength3Very High frequency (VHF), 100 to 300 Mc/s wavelength to 1 meter where the major aircraft dimensions are appreciably greater than the wavelength but where cross-sectional dimensions may be of the same order
The Stability of Flying Platform Type Helicopters
Authors: Opatowski T 
Published: October 2023

The stability of the ‘flying platform’ type of helicopter is investigated in order to determine the margin of stability and ease of control to be expected and to show the effects of the system, weights, inertias, dimensions and aerodynamic forcesThis paper deals with the theory of stability in hovering and the theory is illustrated by a numerical example of a ‘typical’ pilot and platformThe stabilizing actions of the pilot are assumed to take the form of controlling moments at his ankles in linear response to errors in his attitude, rate of change of attitude, horizontal velocity and horizontal acceleration, the constants of proportionality being termed control constantsWithin this framework it is shown that in the absence of delay in the pilots’ response it always is possible to stabilize the platform Further, the size of the control constants required is determined solely by the weight and centre of gravity height of the pilot, the forces involved being of the same order as those used in standing