bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Quality Video Recording and Monitoring System for Endoscopes
Authors: Tsunoda Koichi , Tsunoda Atsunobu , Ozawa Hiroyuki , Fujimine Takekatsu 
Published: August 2005

AbstractWe have developed a new recording system for endoscope images with the popular mini digital video (mini DV) camera. A special adaptor screws onto the lens top, and either a flexible or rigid endoscope can be attached to the camera. Using this system, we can monitor not only the endoscopic images but also the patient's condition. Satisfactory images can be obtained even with the finest fiberscope. Nevertheless, our new system costs only $1,000. Therefore, the system is both cost‐effective and useful for the outpatient clinic or casual setting or for house calls for the purpose of patient education.
Electrical Taste Thresholds Established on the Medial Tongue using Two Sizes of Electrodes
Authors: Nicolaescu Serban A. , Wertheimer Jaclyn M. , Barbash Scott E. , Doty Richard L. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis: The present study determined whether a 125 mm2 electrode would produce lower and more reliable electrical taste thresholds than a 25 mm2 electrode when measurement occurred in a medial tongue region relatively sparse in taste bud numbers. We hypothesized this would be the case and that the obtained threshold values would be higher than those previously reported for anterior and lateral tongue regions.Study Design And Methods: Sixteen college‐age subjects were tested twice, once using the 25 mm2 electrode and once using the 125 mm2 electrode on each of two sessions separated by 2 to 16 days. The order of presentation of the sessions was counterbalanced across subjects. Measurement was confined to the medial tongue, 0.7 cm lateral to the median furrow.Results: As hypothesized, the larger electrode resulted in lower and more reliable threshold values than the smaller electrode (respective median threshold values = 20.06 μA & 33.59 μA, P = .001; respective test‐retest rs = 0.78 [P < .001] and 0.46 [P < .05]). Also as hypothesized, the threshold values were higher (i.e., sensitivity lower) than previously reported for anterior and lateral tongue regions.Conclusions: The magnitude and reliability of electrical taste thresholds depends on the tongue region examined and the size of the electrodes used. These results suggest that relatively large electrodes should be considered for electrogustometric threshold testing, particularly when lingual regions not highly populated with taste buds are evaluated.
Evaluating the quality of library portals
Authors: Joint Nicholas 
Published: August 2005

PurposeTo investigate ways of demonstrating how portal implementations positively alter user information retrieval behaviour.Design/methodology/approachAn opinion piece reflecting on existing evidence about the nature of portal implementations, which extrapolates trends in user behaviour on the basis of these reflections.FindingsAlthough portal technologies probably do offer a way for libraries to create information tools that can compete with “one‐stop shop” Internet search engines, there are likely difficulties in their pattern of usage which will have to be detected by effective quality measurement techniques.Research limitations/implicationsAn expression of opinion about the possible pitfalls of using portals to optimise users’ information retrieval activity.Practical implicationsThis opinion piece gives some clear and practical guidelines for the evaluation of the success of library portal implementations.Originality/valueThis editorial points out that, because the portal can be defined as a deliberate clone of a typical successful Internet search engine and may be presented to the naïve user in the same terms, the danger is that library portals might also clone the same information habits as Internet search engines, because of their ease of use. In trying to produce a tool that can meet Google on its own terms but with better content, we might reproduce some of the same educational disbenefits as Google: quality information retrieval is not purely a function of content, it is also a function of the user’s perceptions and information habits.
Matching between assigned descriptors and title keywords in medical theses
Authors: Ansari Mariam 
Published: August 2005

PurposeTo examine the degree of exact and partial match between the assigned descriptors and title keywords of medical theses written in Farsi and submitted for a PhD degree.Design/methodology/approach – A sample population of 506 theses in Pediatrics, Gynecology, Cardiology and Psychiatry was randomly picked out of a total of 909 indexed in the Indexing Department of the Central Library of the Iran University of Medical Science and Health Care Services. The results obtained are compared with those reported for other documents written in Farsi and English. Where applicable, the influence of the foreign language and its structure is commented on.Findings – It is shown that the degree of match between the assigned descriptors and the title keywords is greater than 70 per cent, equaling those reported for Farsi books and Michigan University Library catalogue in USA. It is also shown that the frequency of the match has increased since 1982, indicating that the authors have become more attentive in their choice of title.Research limitations/implications – Detailed analysis of results, however, shows significant differences between the degree of exact match amongst the four categories, with psychiatry theses that use more common terms showing highest exact match findings (50 per cent).Originality/value – This paper highlights the need for a closer collaboration with medical institutions for definition of approved terms and their incorporation in indexation in order to improve findings in various medical categories.
Distinct and expanded roles for reference librarians
Authors: Rockman Ilene F. 
Published: August 2005

PurposeProposes advocating that reference librarians have a distinct and important role in the development, management, dissemination, and sustainability of institutional repositories.Design/methodology/approachSuggests working with faculty and students to encourage them to share their research and instructional products, and to contribute to the extension of their discipline's knowledge base in new and meaningful ways.FindingsNotes that reference librarians are natural partners to be involved with institutional repositories because of their service orientation, subject experience as knowledge managers, and communication skills.Originality/valueMakes important recommendations about the role of the reference librarian in contributing to the success of institutional repositories.
In‐situmeasurement of dust deposition on bag filters using stereo vision and non‐rigid registration
Authors: Rüther Matthias , Saleem Mahmood , Bischof Horst , Krammer Gernot 
Published: August 2005

PurposeThe goal is to perform anin‐situmeasurement of dust layer thickness on bag filters.Design/methodology/approachPresents a machine vision system in terms of hard‐ and software which is capable of obtaining the relative height difference of a cloth filter surface in different states of operation. The measurement process starts with a stereo reconstruction of filter surface patches. The patches are aligned to form a continuous model using the iterative closest point algorithm. Models acquired at different states of operation are registered using thin plate spline interpolation and afterwards subtracted from each other to obtain the relative height difference.FindingsRelative thickness measurement is possible with an accuracy ranging from 50 to 300 μm, depending on the operational states.Research limitations/implicationsIn‐situmeasurement of dust deposition is a new tool for examining the behaviour of commercial bag filters.Practical implicationsProvides the foundation for a system measuring both thickness and density of dust deposition.Originality/valueApplies findings in the field of machine vision to a problem in process engineering and filter design.
A binocular machine vision system for ball grid array package inspection
Authors: Qixin Cao , Zhuang Fu , Nianjiong Xia , Lewis F.L. 
Published: August 2005

PurposeIn this paper, an optical inspection method of the ball grid array package(BGA) is proposed using a binocular machine vision system.Design/methodology/approachThe height of each solder ball is calculated based on spatial geometrical size and location obtained from the two CCD cameras capturing range images of a LED illuminated BGA chip at certain orientation.FindingsThe structure of this system is simple and the accuracy is 0.02 mm, The experimental results have proved the validity of this system for BGA failure detection.Practical implicationsThe developed machine vision system can provide some of the critical factors for BGA quality evaluation, such as the height of solder ball, diameter, pitch and coplanarity.Originality/valueCompared with other systems, the structure of this system is simple and accurate, which meets the demand of off‐line and on‐line inspection. The limitation of this system is that the margin of field of view (FOV) is fuzzy. Further study could be focused on this problem.
KONYIN: Nigeria Multilingual Keyboard
Authors: Adomi Esharenana E. , Benson Adogbeji Oghenevwogaga 
Published: August 2005

PurposeIntroduces readers to the new multilingual keyboard technology, KONYIN.Design/methodology/approachThis paper describes KONYIN, a Nigerian multilingual keyboard that has just been invented. It highlights the features and the benefits of the keyboard manufactured by LANCOR technologies based in Boston, MA. Describes eight years of product design to achieve results.FindingsApplications for a new typewriter/keyboard that accommodates different languages and diacritical marks in a single interface.Research limitations/implicationsUsers no longer have to switch keyboard layout to type in any language. Has great potential for other language variations.Practical ImplicationsProvides useful information and advice for software architects and computer scientists, linguists and writers who want to write in native languages and dialects as well as international languages on one keyboard. Has enormous potential for translation.Originality/valueThis may be the first virtual keyboard layout with its scope.
An advanced cutting trajectory algorithm for laminated tooling
Authors: Yoo Seungryeol , Walczyk Daniel 
Published: August 2005

PurposeTo provide an advanced cutting trajectory algorithm for the profiled edge laminae (PEL) rapid tooling (RT) process, which is ideally suited for large‐scale dies and molds. The process involves assembling an array of laminae whose top edges are simultaneously profiled and beveled using a line‐of‐sight cutting method based on a CAD model of the intended tool surface.Design/methodology/approachThe cutting profiles for an individual tool lamina are based on intersection curves obtained directly from the CAD model, and generated with exact geometrical accuracy. Two adjacent slice profiles, which define a lamination's top edge and are represented as polylines, are stitched together using an adaptive surface reconstruction algorithm. A cutting trajectory algorithm then develops a series of suitable cutting vectors (i.e. position and cutting direction) that minimize abrasive waterjet (AWJ) cutting errors due to non‐uniform motion and variations in kerf geometry resulting from process parameter variations. The proposed cutting trajectory generation process is demonstrated virtually for an actual production tool.FindingsThe proposed algorithm yields well‐behaved AWJ cutting trajectories for individual lamina used in a PEL tool that are better than those obtained using any other algorithm found in the literature.Research limitations/implicationsThe algorithm is intended for use with AWJ cutting of PEL tool surfaces. Suggested future research includes assessment of the algorithm for other lamina cutting methods including laser cutting and wire‐type electro‐discharge machining, extending the algorithm to handle conformal cooling/heating channels and internal cavities, and application of the algorithm to several industrial tool case studies.Practical implicationsThe algorithm generates cutting trajectories directly from CAD geometry that are ideal for AWJ cutting of profiled edge lamina. It will simply make industrial implementation of the PEL RT process easier.Originality/valueThis paper provides a new cutting trajectory algorithm for the PEL RT process that is a significant improvement over comparable algorithms proposed in the literature.
Volume decomposition of CAD models for rapid prototyping technology
Authors: Chan C.K. , Tan S.T. 
Published: August 2005

PurposeThis paper reports on the work done to decompose a large sized solid model into smaller solid components for rapid prototyping technology. The target geometric domain of the solid model includes quadrics and free form surfaces.Design/methodology/approachThe decomposition criteria are based on the manufacturability of the model against a user‐defined manufacturing chamber size and the maintenance of geometrical information of the model. In the proposed algorithm, two types of manufacturing chamber are considered: cylindrical shape and rectangular shape. These two types of chamber shape are commonly implemented in rapid prototyping machines.FindingsThe proposed method uses a combination of the regular decomposition (RD)‐method and irregular decomposition (ID)‐method to split a non‐producible solid model into smaller producible subparts. In the ID‐method, the producible feature group decomposition (PFGD)‐method focuses on the decomposition by recognising producible feature groups. In the decomposition process, less additional geometrical and topological information are created. The RD‐method focuses on the splitting of non‐producible sub‐parts, which cannot be further decomposed by the PFGD‐method. Different types of regular split tool surface are studied.Originality/valueCombination of the RD‐method and the ID‐method makes up the proposed volume decomposition process. The user can also define the sequence and priority of using these methods manually to achieve different decomposition patterns. The proposed idea is also applicable to other decomposition algorithm. Some implementation details and the corresponding problems of the proposed methods are also discussed.
Public relations practice in English county cricket
Authors: Hopwood Maria K. 
Published: August 2005

PurposeThe main reason for conducting this research was to conduct an analysis of the extent of public relations activity in domestic first‐class cricket in an attempt to offer a strategy for effective, proactive public relations.Design/methodology/approachThe research objectives were achieved by using an exploratory case study approach to evaluate the extent of public relations within the two cricket clubs, Durham County Cricket Club and Yorkshire County Cricket Club. The constructivist approach was adopted, as primary qualitative research strategies provided the bulk of the findings. A purposive sample of respondents was identified for semi‐structured, open‐ended interviews that were conducted face‐to‐face and via the telephone.FindingsPublic relations is extremely important at Durham County Cricket Club. Durham CCC's approach to public relations is the exception rather than the rule amongst the 18 first‐class counties. Yorkshire CCC does not have a dedicated public relations professional on the marketing team. Though there is clearly a place for public relations, other commercial techniques seem to be more important at Yorkshire. The consensus is that public relations is essential to the future success of the sport but the reality is that it is not fully implemented to the extent that it should be or that many in the game would like it to be. If cricket is to have a viable future, it must address its image problems and become more appealing to a demographically different audience than has traditionally been the case. Public relations, more than the other elements of the contemporary promotional mix, offers a potential solution.Research limitations/implicationsThe major limitation to this research was that interviews could not be arranged with a Yorkshire player to balance that held with the Durham player. The information gathered by the researcher was necessarily indirect but it was felt that this did not invalidate the research, as a range of secondary sources was used to underpin the primary research findings. As this research was a snapshot in time, it would be useful to conduct further regular research in order to monitor changes in attitudes and approach to public relations in cricket.Practical implicationsThe findings from this research are applicable to all sports and can be implemented and adapted accordingly. It is felt that all sports organisations regularly need to review their communications strategies and implement public relations much more widely.Originality/valueNo such research has previously been conducted and all the findings and recommendations are original. Durham CCC has already implemented some of the proposals and the author's continuing work with other sports organisations has been founded on this research.
Flexible electronics: silicon meets paper and beyond
Authors: Whitmarsh J. 
Published: August 2005

PurposeTo consider the various aspects of this emerging market and to query the traditional view of thick film deposition and processing for successful flexible electronic production.Design/methodology/approachThe current status of flexible electronics is reviewed with particular emphasis on emerging rather than established technologies. New techniques and applications are also discussed. Material and processing developments are also required to meet the new challenges and current developments and future needs are discussed.FindingsMass production of flexible electronic circuits using processing techniques that are more akin to the newspaper printing industry is under way. Much development of both materials and processing is required but needs in the radio frequency identification, renewable energy and display markets among others justify the investment.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the wide range of new applications there is a lack of detail in this review that will necessitate further reading.Practical implicationsThere will need to be a change of thinking in the processing and material choice used in mass production of flexible electronics by any large volume manufacturer of traditional circuits on rigid substrates. Existing, new materials need development for electrical characteristics and ease of use. New materials will undoubtedly be required.Originality/valueThis paper raises awareness and technical issues surrounding emerging technologies.
Performance exploration of adder architectures for small to moderate‐sized low‐power, high‐performance adders
Authors: Gupta Anu , Shekhar Chandra 
Published: August 2005

PurposeThe objective is to explore various adder architectures using different logic‐design styles and transistor‐sizes for different operand sizes. The scope of this work is the development of tools, which can be used to predict an optimum adder design for a given application based on the speed and energy‐consumption constraints.Design/methodology/approachThe work has been carried out in two parts. In the first part, simulation results were generated using five different architectures; each designed using four logic design styles for three different transistor sizes. The designs were simulated to generate the values of worst‐case propagation delay and energy consumption per addition. This information is used for validating the delay and energy consumption per addition in the second part.FindingsOptimum adder design under varying condition can be found out using this work.Research limitations/implicationsThe predictive model does not consider the variation in load capacitance of each cell.Practical implicationsAt present, a prime requirement in application specific integrated circuit design is reduction in design cycle time. As a result, there is minimum scope for exploration of arithmetic units in order to choose the best‐suited design. This work will help the designers to choose an optimum adder design for a given set of requirements.Originality/valueIn this work, four degrees of freedom are taken in adder design space, which are not taken before. Here, the adder design space has been explored, studied, and analyzed in this study under so many varying conditions.
Making sense of mistakes in managerial careers
Authors: Blenkinsopp John , Zdunczyk Kasia 
Published: August 2005

PurposeThe paper provides initial findings on the causes and consequences of problematic mid‐career work‐role transitions – self‐reported career mistakes described by individuals in terms of a mismatch between expectations and reality.Design/methodology/approachThis exploratory study uses in‐depth interviews based on critical incident technique (CIT) to elicit accounts of problematic work‐role transitions.FindingsParticipants reported mismatches arose because their expectations were based on their prior experience, rather than upon information provided by the organisation during the course of the recruitment process. These mismatches stimulated very active sense making on the part of participants, largely focused on finding ways to make their continuation in the role tolerable.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study, which is exploratory in nature, involved a small sample size, and the use of retrospective accounts. The findings are therefore preliminary and may not be representative of mid‐career managers' experience with problematic work role transitions. However, they confirm the relevance of career mistakes to organisations and individuals and indicate a need for further research on the subject.Practical implicationsThe study suggested managers moving post in mid‐career bring to their new role a range of expectations based upon prior experience, rather than the recruitment process. Further study is needed, but these findings have significant implications for organisations, in that they suggest recruitment processes must provide information in a manner which might overcome or correct these prior assumptions.Originality/valueThe subject of career mistakes has received little treatment in the organisational side of the careers literature, and yet is of everyday concerns to organisations and individuals.