bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adherence to 24‐h movement behaviour guidelines in families with multiple children
Authors: Tooth Leigh R. , Mielke Gregore I. , Moss Katrina M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the first global movement guidelines for children that combined sleep, physical activity and screen time. Our previous research showed that adherence to age‐specific guidelines for screen time was challenging for families with children in different age groups. We aimed to determine whether families with children in different age‐based movement guideline categories have poorer adherence to the broader 24‐h movement guidelines than those with all children in the same age category.MethodsData were from the 1973–1978 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (seventh survey, 2015) and the women's three youngest children (aged ≤12) (Mothers and their Children's Health sub‐study, 2016/2017). The sample was 1787 women (families) with 4064 children (mean age 7.2 [SD 2.9]). Whether children in the family were in the same or different age‐based category was determined by matching children's ages in a family against age‐based guideline categories for the 24‐h movement behaviours. The association between children in the family being in the same or different age‐based guideline category on adherence to 24‐h movement guidelines, both collectively and individually, was analysed by adjusted logistic regression (binary and multinomial).ResultsFamilies with children in the same age guideline categories had double the odds of having all children meet 24‐h movement guidelines (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.95 [95% confidence interval, CI: 1.32, 2.86]). Families with children in the same age categories on the screen guideline had higher odds of all children meeting (2.25 [1.73, 2.93]) and lower odds of some meeting/some failing the screen guideline (0.18 [0.14, 0.25]), than families with all children in different age categories. Families with children in the same age categories on the physical activity guideline had lower odds of all children meeting (0.57 [0.43, 0.75]) or some meeting/some failing the physical activity guideline (0.08 [0.06, 0.12]). No associations were found for sleep guidelines.ConclusionsFamilies with multiple children may need practical advice and strategies on how to adhere to guidelines when children span age categories. This could form part of public health strategies that raise awareness of the guidelines and may improve guideline adherence.
Epiretinal membrane in uveitis: Rate, visual prognosis, complications and surgical outcomes
Authors: Yap Aaron , Lu Lucy M. , Sims Joanne L. , Welch Sarah , Niederer Rachael L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundEpiretinal membrane (ERM) is a common finding in patients with uveitis that contributes to visual impairment. We describe the long‐term visual acuity (VA) and morphometric progression in patients with uveitis and epiretinal membrane (ERM).MethodsRetrospective cohort study of patients with uveitic ERM from a tertiary centre database. Multivariate analysis of risk factors for ERM progression was calculated using a marginal Cox regression model to estimate hazard ratios (HR).ResultsTwo hundred and sixteen eyes (4%) of a total 5450 eyes with uveitis were identified to have an ERM. The most common diagnosis was idiopathic uveitis in 45 patients (28.7%), followed by sarcoidosis in 21 (13.4%), HLAB27‐related uveitis in 15 (9.6%) and toxoplasmosis in 15 (9.6%). Risk factors for ERM development include age (HR 1.03), intermediate uveitis (HR 2.33), posterior uveitis (HR 1.53) and ERM fellow eye (HR 18.28). Anterior uveitis (HR 0.53) and alternating disease (HR 0.53) were protective. Median VA was 20/40 at diagnosis of ERM and 20/40 at final follow up. Progression of ERM grade occurred in 17 eyes (7.9%) during the study period. ERM peel was performed in 44 eyes (20.4%). Median VA was 20/60 and 20/40 at baseline and 12 months after surgery, respectively. Improvement in visual acuity occurred in 23 eyes (60.5%) following surgery.ConclusionsIn addition to intermediate and posterior uveitis, fellow eye involvement is a strong risk factor for ERM development. In treated uveitis, the majority maintain their long‐term vision and rates of ERM progression are low.
Local factors and bionomic characteristics determining the occurrence of semiaquatic bugs in streams of Central Amazonia
Authors: Godoy Bruno Spacek , Cunha Erlane José , Hamada Neusa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Individual responses to changes in the environment by different species drive a better understanding of the dynamics of diversity and habitat filtering. Hypotheses based on functional and morphometric characteristics of the species are especially useful for accounting for different interpretations of biological responses.
This study aimed to determine the responses of semiaquatic species of insects to habitat changes from the elaboration of hypotheses based on the importance of species traits facing environmental variations. We tested these hypotheses with maximum likelihood models to explain the occurrence of the species in streams of the central Amazon region.
In a total of 17 collected Gerromorpha species, we used 14 to develop five predictive models of occurrence considering the bionomic characteristics of each species and their possible relationships with habitat changes in 33 streams in the central Amazon region. We used maximum likelihood models to assess the fit of the models to the observed occurrence, with environmental characteristics as covariates affecting the occurrence probability, and sampling effort affecting the detection probability.
A total of five species exhibited changes in the probability of occurrence in streams related to an environmental condition (riparian forest disturbance, flow heterogeneity, and surface habitat heterogeneity). The probability of occurrence tended to reduce for four of the five species and increase for one with increase of environmental impacts. Furthermore, the sampling effort covariate did not affect the probability of detection in most species, indicating that the group showed a high detection.
The use of functional characteristics of Gerromorpha species to develop ecological hypotheses proved relevant and indicated unexpected relationships, expanding our knowledge of this community of aquatic insects. Therefore, including the individual responses of organisms to environmental variations helps in studies on aquatic biodiversity, both for basic ecology and for conservation and bioassessment.
A diagnostic challenge—First case of chronic lymphatic leukemia‐associated necrotizing sweet syndrome
Authors: Neumann Marie Anne‐Catherine , Nieper Pascal , Simon Florian , Shimabukuro‐Vornhagen Alexander , Hallek Michael , Garcia Borrega Jorge 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSweet syndrome, also known as acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is a rare disorder typically characterized by the clinical triad including a sudden onset of fever, painful skin lesions, and neutrophilia. The histopathological findings are a dense neutrophilic infiltrate and oedema of the dermis and epidermis without evidence of a vasculitis. Besides treatment of the underlying cause, sweet syndrome is typically treated with high‐dose corticosteroids leading to a relapse‐free response in 70% of patients. However, if left unrecognized or untreated, the condition may lead to serious complications. Here, we report on the case of a 38‐year‐old patient in whom, under the assumption of the presence of necrotizing fasciitis, exarticulation of the right arm was performed. In the absence of pathogen detection and insufficient response to anti‐infective therapies, the diagnosis of a sweet syndrome was assumed and, later, confirmed by an excellent response to high‐dose administration of systematic glucocorticoids. The case emphasizes the need to be aware of this rare syndrome, which can be easily misdiagnosed due to its close resemblance to infection and stresses the need of further research to define distinct diagnostic tools.
When does CSR payoff?
Authors: Doukas John A. , Zhang Rongyao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe investigate whether firms engaging in corporate social responsibility (CSR) can preserve firm value during normal and unprecedented exogenous adverse events. Our evidence shows, in regular times, a negative relation between CSR engagement and firm value, but under adverse economic conditions, CSR protects firm value by decreasing firm risks. We also find that firms with high managerial attributes engage in greater CSR activities that benefit shareholders in both normal and aberrant financial times. Despite the controversy surrounding CSR, our evidence points out that CSR can be viewed as a set of intangible assets that can improve firm value across good and bad economic states when firms are run by high‐attribute managers.
Characteristics of vitiligo patients with versus without associated autoimmune thyroid disease
Authors: Ma Ze , Cao Peng , Cai Menghan , Lin Qiuping , Long Xiaoyan , Ge Man , Yu Jipeng , He Sijia , Yu Jibin , Zhang Junling 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundClinical data are limited in patients with vitiligo with or without autoimmune thyroid disease.ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to investigate the clinical features and basic data of patients with vitiligo, especially those with autoimmune thyroid disease.MethodsThe study was a single‐center retrospective study. A total of 1305 patients with vitiligo from June 2018 to May 2023 were included, and the clinical characteristics and basic information of the patients were recorded in detail.ResultsWe identified an association between sex (odds ratio [OR]: 2.380; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.772–1.198), vitiligo duration (OR: 1.449; 95% CI: 1.076–1.952), skin involvement exceeding 5% of the body surface area (OR: 3.764; 95% CI: 2.134–6.640), negative emotions (OR: 3.076; 95% CI: 2.292–4.127), vitiligo type (OR: 1.974; 95% CI: 1.096–3.555), family history of AITD (OR: 4.979; 95% CI: 2.687–9.225), and family history of AD (OR: 2.418; 95% CI: 1.410–4.146) and patients with vitiligo.ConclusionsFor patients with statistically significant associated risk factors, differential diagnosis and early intervention should be performed.
Racial, ethnic, and biologic sex disparities in outpatient laboratory monitoring of isotretinoin use: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Manoharan Divya , Nkansah‐Mahaney Nancy , Chien Anna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundIsotretinoin is commonly used for the treatment of acne. Despite high efficacy, isotretinoin has a side effect profile that prompts regular outpatient laboratory monitoring. Emerging evidence suggests clinically significant lab abnormalities are rare. Racial, ethnic, and biologic sex disparities in laboratory monitoring of isotretinoin have yet to be characterized.MethodsThis study explores disparities in laboratory monitoring of patients prescribed isotretinoin, factoring in the COVID‐19 pandemic given its impacts on laboratory monitoring. Two populations were evaluated: all patients taking isotretinoin, and patients taking isotretinoin with no metabolic, cardiovascular, hematologic, hepatic, or renal comorbidities. The latter population was included to screen out patients who might receive increased laboratory testing for conditions besides isotretinoin use.ResultsOur data reveal that African‐American, Asian, and Hispanic patients prescribed isotretinoin were more likely than Caucasian patients to receive orders for outpatient laboratory monitoring. These disparities persisted independent of comorbidities that may prompt additional testing, suggesting that non‐Caucasian patients bear an additional testing burden even when their comorbidities were matched to their peers. Disparities persisted in the setting of reduced laboratory monitoring due to the COVID‐19 pandemic.ConclusionsThese data reveal that patients of color are more likely to receive outpatient laboratory monitoring for isotretinoin prescriptions. There is an opportunity for testing standardization to improve medication access, decrease burden and costs for patients and the healthcare system, and decrease racial disparities in prescribing and monitoring of isotretinoin. Dermatology clinics may benefit from standard operating procedures outlining for whom regular monitoring is needed.
Attachment security and problematic media use in infancy: A longitudinal study in the United States
Authors: Shawcroft Jane , Coyne Sarah M. , Linder Lisa , Clifford Brandon N. , McDaniel Brandon T. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMedia use during childhood has quickly become a norm across the United States and in other countries. One area still not well understood is the development of problematic (or maladaptive and disruptive) media use in children. This research examines the role of attachment security as a central component in the development of problematic media use over time in a sample of 248 parent‐child dyads (9.50% African American, 20.66% Hispanic, 62.81% White, 2.07% Asian, 4.96% other ethnicities). We examined the relationship between attachment security and problematic media use one and 2 years later. We then constructed a mediation model examining parent responsiveness while jointly engaging in media use and during play as mediators between infant attachment security and problematic media use over time. Results suggest that while infant attachment security may be protective against developing problematic media use patterns, this relationship does not seem to be mediated by parent‐child interactions while engaging in media or during play.
Quantification of surface grinding during the sample preparation of cementitious materials by optical profilometry
Authors: Holthuizen Patrick , Çopuroğlu Oğuzhan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSample preparation is of utmost importance for any microscopy and microstructural analysis. Correct preparation will allow accurate interpretation of microstructural features. A well‐polished section is essential when scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used in backscattering electron (BSE) mode and characteristic X‐rays are to be quantified using an energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) detector. However, obtaining a well‐polished section, especially for cementitious materials containing aggregates, is considered to be challenging and requires experience. A sample preparation procedure consists of cutting, grinding and polishing. Undercutting of soft and brittle paste between harder aggregates can be overcome by vacuum epoxy impregnation offering mechanical support in the matrix. Furthermore, most of the attention during the sample preparation is given to the polishing of the sample. There is a wide range of suggestions on polishing steps, ranging from grain sizes, time and applied force; however, the final assessment of a polish surface is often subjective and qualitative. Therefore, a quantitative, reproducible guidance on the grinding steps, effect of experimental parameters and the influence of different grinding steps on the surface quality are required. In this paper, the influence of grinding was quantitatively evaluated by a digital microscope equipped with optical profilometry tools, through a step‐wise procedure, including sample orientation, grinding time and the difference between cement paste and concrete. Throughout the grinding procedure, the surface profiles were determined after each grinding step. This showed the step‐wise change in surface roughness and quality during the grinding procedure. Finally, the surface qualities were evaluated using optical and electron microscopy, which show the importance of the grinding/prepolishing steps during sample preparation.
The Decline of Secured Debt
Authors: BENMELECH EFRAIM , KUMAR NITISH , RAJAN RAGHURAM 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTThe share of secured debt issued (as a fraction of total corporate debt) declined steadily in the United States over the twentieth century. This stems partly from financial development giving creditors greater confidence that high‐quality borrowers will respect their claims even if creditors do not obtain security upfront. Consequently, such borrowers prefer retaining financial flexibility by not giving security up front. Instead, security is given contingently—when a firm approaches distress. This also explains why, superimposed on the secular decline, the share of secured debt issued is countercyclical.
Evaluation of bidirectional gut‐brain axis and anorectal function in Parkinson's disease with constipation
Authors: Yan Yun , Tennekoon Karunaratne , Eubanks Audrey , Herekar Anam , Shimoga Dhanush , Ayyala Deepak , McLeod Colin , Kurek Julie A. , Morgan John C. , Rao Satish S. C. , Sharma Amol 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder with prodromal and highly prevalent gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, especially constipation. Although PD models suggest gut‐brain axis dysfunction, the mechanistic underpinnings and their correlation with GI symptoms are poorly understood.AimTo examine the bidirectional gut‐brain axis function in PD and correlate it with constipation severity, PD duration, and severity.MethodsRectal sensory thresholds and afferent cortical evoked potentials (CEP) were assessed using a 4‐ring EMG electrode probe. Efferent anal and rectal motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were obtained following transcranial and lumbosacral magnetic stimulation. Bowel symptoms were assessed by prospective stool diary. The CEP and MEP latencies, rectal sensory thresholds, and anorectal sensorimotor data were compared between PD subjects and age‐adjusted healthy subjects.Key ResultsTwenty‐five PD subjects with constipation (F/M = 6/19) and 20 healthy subjects (F/M = 14/6) were enrolled. The first and pain sensation thresholds were higher in PD subjects than healthy subjects (p < 0.002) but lost significance after adjustment for age. Age‐adjusted rectal CEP and right‐sided cortico‐anal MEP latencies were prolonged in PD subjects compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.04). Also, half (4 of 8) age‐adjusted spino‐anal and rectal MEP latencies in PD subjects were significantly longer. In multivariate linear analysis, first rectal sensation and right‐sided MEP latencies showed moderate correlation with constipation severity.Conclusions & InferencesParkinson's disease is associated with significant bidirectional gut‐brain axis dysfunction as evidenced by prolonged afferent and efferent neuronal signaling. Constipation severity in PD is correlated to abnormal rectal sensation and lateralized disturbance of efferent brain‐gut signaling.
Effectiveness of pre‐alveolar bone graft orthodontics for patients with non‐syndromic complete unilateral cleft lip, alveolus and palate: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Thiruvenkatachari Badri , Chakkaravarthi Subhiksha , Prathap Manoj , Naveed Niha , Bhuvaraghan Aarthi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aim of this systematic review was to compare the effectiveness of pre‐alveolar bonegraft (ABG) orthodontics with no orthodontic treatment for patients with non‐syndromic unilateral cleft lip, alveolus and palate. All relevant studies from 1946 to October 30, 2022, were identified using several sources including The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), LILACS, Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE (Ovid) and EPUB ahead of publications and non‐indexed citations. Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) and Controlled Clinical Trials (CCT) were included. Population: Non‐syndromic complete unilateral cleft lip, alveolus and palate patients who have had ABG surgery. Intervention: Orthodontics prior to ABG. Comparison: No orthodontic treatment prior to ABG. Primary outcome: Successful eruption of permanent canines. All articles were screened for the title, abstract and full text independently and in duplicate by 2 reviewers. The quality assessment of RCT was performed using Cochrane's risk of bias tool and the CCT was assessed using ROBINS‐I tool. Of the 904 studies retrieved in the search, one RCT and one CCT were included. Both studies were judged as high risk of bias. The results from one study showed a statistically significant increase in bone volume and decreased bone defect post‐ABG in the orthodontic treatment group. However, there was no difference with respect to other variables. Both included studies were of low quality. There is not enough evidence to recommend orthodontic treatment pre‐ABG for patients with complete unilateral cleft lip, alveolus and palate. Future high‐quality studies are required to inform patients and clinicians about the effectiveness of pre‐graft orthodontic treatment.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of atrial flutter in neonates
Authors: Kim Geena , Shin Ji Hye , Gang Mi Hyeon , Lee Yong Wook , Chang Mea‐Young , Jang Hawon , Kil Hong Ryang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtrial flutter is an uncommon arrhythmia that can cause severe morbidity, including heart failure and even death in refractory cases. This study investigated the clinical characteristics, treatment, and long‐term outcomes of patients with neonatal atrial flutter and its association with heart failure.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed atrial flutter cases observed in our center between 1999 and 2021 and analyzed the clinical characteristics, treatment, and recurrence according to the presence of heart failure.ResultsThe study comprised 15 patients with atrial flutter, with median bodyweight and gestational age of 2.7 kg, 37+4 weeks, respectively. Twelve patients were diagnosed with atrial flutter on the first day of life. The median atrial and ventricular rates were 440/min, 220/min, respectively. Four patients exhibited congestive heart failure. Episodic recurrence was noted in five patients and occurred at a higher rate in patients with congestive heart failure (p = 0.004). Antiarrhythmic drugs for maintenance treatment were administered more often in patients with heart failure (p = 0.011). Initial treatment included direct current cardioversion (n = 9), digoxin (n = 4), and observation (n = 2). Four patients treated with cardioversion experienced recurrence during the neonatal period, and none of those treated with digoxin experienced recurrence. The median follow‐up duration was 7 years, during which no atrial flutter recurrence was evident.ConclusionNeonates with congestive heart failure had a higher recurrence of atrial flutter. Direct current cardioversion is the most reliable treatment for neonatal atrial flutter, whereas digoxin may be a viable treatment option in refractory and recurrent cases.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Social Science Studies, Vol. 11, No. 6
Authors: Young James 
Published: December 2023

International Journal of Social Science Studies (IJSSS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJSSS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 6Bo Li, Miami University, USAJibrin Ubale Yahaya, National Open University of Nigeria NOUN, NigeriaMei-Ling Lin, National Open University, TaiwanRachita Shrivastava Roy, Department of Higher Education,Chhatisgarh-India, IndiaSana Ali, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, PakistanShyue Chuan CHONG, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Malaysia James YoungEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of International Journal of Social Science StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://ijsss.redfame.com