bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology, site-specific characteristics and survival of carcinosarcoma: a retrospective study based on SEER database
Authors: Tang Lian-Sha , Zhou Yu-Wen , Wang Jia-Ling , Zhang Guo-Xu , Xu Chen-Hao , Liu Ji-Yan , Qiu Meng 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesCarcinosarcoma (CS) is a rare and biphasic malignancy characterised by a highly invasive biological nature and poor prognosis. This study explored the epidemiology, site-specific characteristics and survival outcome of CS.DesignWe conducted a retrospective study in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database (1975–2018) for primary CS.Setting and participantsSEER database includes publicly available information from regional and state cancer registries in the US centres. A total of 5042 CS patients were identified. We selected the top five anatomic CS (uterus, double adnexa, lung, bladder and breast) patients for further analysis.Primary outcome measuresIncidence was estimated by geographical region, age, sex, race, stage and primary site. Trends were calculated using joinpoint regression. The cancer-specific survival (CSS) rate and initial treatment were summarised.ResultsNearly 80% of CS occurred in the uterus and double adnexa, followed by lung, bladder and breast. The elderly and black population presented the highest age-adjusted rate of CS. The rates of distant metastasis in CS progressively increased from 1989 to 2018. Atlanta was the area with the highest incidence at 0.7 per 100 000. Pulmonary and bladder CS more frequently occurred in men and were diagnosed with regional stage. Distant metastasis was mostly found in ovary/fallopian tube CS. Radiotherapy was more commonly applied in uterine CS, while adnexa CS cases were more likely to receive chemotherapy. Multiple treatments were more used in breast CS. Pulmonary CS seemed to suffer worse CSS (median: 9.92 months), for which radiotherapy might not provide survival benefits (HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.86). Compared with the common histological types in each site, CS had the shortest survival.ConclusionsCS has unique clinical features in each primary site. Substantial prognosis variances exist based on tumour locations. The aggressive course is the common feature in CS at all sites.
Investigating Scottish Long COVID community rehabilitation service models from the perspectives of people living with Long COVID and healthcare professionals: a qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Duncan Edward , Alexander Lyndsay , Cowie Julie , Love Alison , Morris Jacqui H , Moss Rachel , Ormerod Jane , Preston Jenny , Shim Joanna , Stage Emma , Tooman Tricia , Cooper Kay 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences of barriers and facilitators to accessing Long COVID community rehabilitation.DesignWe used a qualitative descriptive design over two rounds of data collection with three participant groups: (1) people with experience of rehabilitation for Long COVID (PwLC); (2) National Health Service (NHS) staff delivering and/or managing community rehabilitation services (allied health professionals (AHPs)) and (3) NHS staff involved in strategic planning around Long COVID in their health board (Long COVID leads).SettingFour NHS Scotland territorial health boards.Participants51 interviews: eight Long COVID leads (11 interviews); 15 AHPs (25 interviews) and 15 PwLC (15 interviews).ResultsThree key themes were identified: (1) accessing care for PwLC, (2) understanding Long COVID and its management and (3) strengths and limitations of existing Long COVID rehabilitation services.ConclusionsOrganisational delivery of Long COVID community rehabilitation is complex and presents multiple challenges. In addition, access to Long COVID community rehabilitation can be challenging. When accessed, these services are valued by PwLC but require adequate planning, publicity and resource. The findings presented here can be used by those developing and delivering services for people with Long COVID.
Use of the positive deviance approach for healthcare system service improvement: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Kassie Ayelign Mengesha , Eakin Elizabeth , Abate Biruk Beletew , Endalamaw Aklilu , Zewdie Anteneh , Wolka Eskinder , Assefa Yibeltal 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionHealthcare systems are currently facing challenges in enhancing access and improving the quality of healthcare services around the world, and one of the innovative strategies that have been used to address such challenges is the positive deviance (PD) approach. The approach assumes that identifying, examining, understanding and disseminating solutions to problems that are already available within the community and organisations including the healthcare system can help in bringing improvements at scale. However, to the best of the researcher’s knowledge, there is no scoping review, that is, conducted to map and synthesise the available evidence on the use of the PD approach for healthcare system service improvements. Hence, this scoping review aims to map and synthesise resources on the methodologies and reported outcomes and identify gaps and potentials regarding the use of the PD approach in the healthcare system.Methods and analysisArticles will be searched and retrieved in research databases such as PubMed, Embase and Scopus. Retrieved articles will be screened independently for inclusion through a title and, or abstract review. Then, articles that passed the title and abstract review will be screened by reading the full texts. A descriptive mapping and synthesis of the literature will be employed to present data using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews checklist and data will be presented in text, figure and table formats.Ethics and disseminationThe results of this scoping review will be published in peer-reviewed reputable international journals. Furthermore, it will also be disseminated through conference presentations, and popular press to the wider community. However, formal ethical approval is not required as primary data will not be collected.
Measuring practice preference variation for quality improvement: development of the Neonatology Survey of Interdisciplinary Groups in Healthcare Tool (NSIGHT)
Authors: Whitesel Emily , Healy Helen , Mao Wenyang , Pursley DeWayne M , Zupancic John , Gupta Munish 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundUnderstanding behavioural psychology and the human side of change are guiding principles for quality improvement (QI). Tools to measure these to guide improvement efforts are lacking.MethodsWe created a clinical vignette-based survey to measure provider preferences for respiratory care in the neonatal intensive care unit. Fourteen vignettes were included, each vignette offering two reasonable practice choices. Responses were based on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from neutral to strong preference for either choice. The survey was completed by physicians, nurses, advanced practice providers and respiratory therapists in 2017 and again in 2019. Net preference was measured as the median value of responses, and agreement was measured as the SD of responses. Net preference and agreement were assessed for all responses, by discipline, and by year.ResultsResponse rates were 51% of all staff in 2017 and 57% in 2019. Vignettes asking about non-invasive respiratory support showed more defined net preferences and higher agreement between years, coinciding with QI efforts and guideline implementation in this area during the interval time. Results on other areas of practice were consistent between years. Discipline comparisons showed nurses and physicians agreed the least often. Six response patterns were identified, ranging from net preference and high agreement to no net preference and low agreement.ConclusionWe propose this survey, called the Neonatology Survey of Interdisciplinary Groups in Healthcare Tool, is a novel method for measurement of hospital unit psychology and culture. Demonstrated improvement where QI efforts were focused and consistency in results in other areas support the validity of this tool. Measuring the human side of change may impact QI efforts.
Intravesical Ty21a treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer induces immune responses that correlate with safety and may be associated to therapy potential
Authors: Derré Laurent , Lucca Ilaria , Cesson Valérie , Bohner Perrine , Crettenand Francois , Rodrigues-Dias Sonia-Cristina , Dartiguenave Florence , Masnada Audrey , Teixeira-Pereira Carla , Benmerzoug Sulayman , Chevalier Mathieu F , Domingos-Pereira Sonia , Nguyen Sylvain , Polak Lenka , Schneider Anna K , Jichlinski Patrice , Roth Beat , Nardelli-Haefliger Denise 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundStandard of care treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with intravesical Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) is associated with side effects, disease recurrence/progression and supply shortages. We recently showed in a phase I trial (NCT03421236) that intravesical instillation in patients with NMIBC with the maximal tolerated dose of Ty21a/Vivotif, the oral vaccine against typhoid fever, might have a better safety profile. In the present report, we assessed the immunogenicity of intravesical Ty21a in patients of the clinical trial that had received the maximal tolerated dose and compared it with data obtained in patients that had received standard BCG.MethodsUrinary cytokines and immune cells of patients with NMIBC treated with intravesical instillations of Ty21a (n=13, groups A and F inNCT03421236) or with standard BCG in a concomitant observational study (n=12, UROV1) were determined by Luminex and flow cytometry, respectively. Serum anti-lipopolysaccharide Typhi antibodies and circulating Ty21a-specific T-cell responses were also determined in the Ty21a patients. Multiple comparisons of different paired variables were performed with a mixed-effect analysis, followed by Sidak post-test. Single comparisons were performed with a paired or an unpaired Student’s t-test.ResultsAs compared with BCG, Ty21a induced lower levels of inflammatory urinary cytokines, which correlated to the milder adverse events (AEs) observed in Ty21a patients. However, both Ty21a and BCG induced a Th1 tumor environment. Peripheral Ty21a-specific T-cell responses and/or antibodies were observed in most Ty21a patients, pointing the bladder as an efficient local immune inductive site. Besides, Ty21a-mediated stimulation of unconventional Vδ2 T cells was also observed, which turned out more efficient than BCG. Finally, few Ty21a instillations were sufficient for increasing urinary infiltration of dendritic cells and T cells, which were previously associated with therapeutic efficacy in the orthotopic mouse model of NMIBC.ConclusionsTy21a immunotherapy of patient with NMIBC is promising with fewer inflammatory cytokines and mild AE, but induction of immune responses with possible antitumor potentials. Future phase II clinical trials are necessary to explore possible efficacy of intravesical Ty21a.
Daratumumab for autoimmune diseases: a systematic review
Authors: Holzer Marie-Therese , Ruffer Nikolas , Huber Tobias B. , Kötter Ina , Ostendorf Lennard , Krusche Martin 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveRefractory autoimmune diseases remain a significant challenge in clinical practice and new therapeutic options are needed. This systematic review evaluates the existing reported data on the CD38-targeting antibody daratumumab as a new therapeutic approach in autoantibody-mediated autoimmune diseases.MethodsA protocolised systematic literature review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines was performed. Two databases (Medline and Embase) were searched for suitable studies. Usage of daratumumab in non-oncological or non-transplantation associated diseases with autoimmune pathophysiology was analysed including patient characteristics, therapeutic regimen, adverse events and patient outcome.Results38 publications reporting the clinical course of 83 patients met the inclusion criteria. Daratumumab usage was reported in therapy-refractory cases (median of 5 different previous therapies) in 24 different autoimmune diseases. The median number of applications of daratumumab was 4, mainly via intravenous applications (87%). Concomitant treatment included glucocorticoids in 64% of patients, intravenous immunoglobulins (33%) and rituximab (17%). Remission or improvement of disease was reported in 81% of patients. Autoantibody depletion or reduction was stated in 52% of patients. Death occurred in three patients (3%). Adverse events were reported in 45% of patients including application-associated reaction (20%), infection (19%) and hypogammaglobulinaemia (33%).ConclusionTargeting CD38 via daratumumab is a new promising therapeutic option in therapy refractory autoimmune diseases. Efficacy as well as optimal therapeutic regimen and management or prevention of adverse events require further investigation. Therefore, systematic clinical trials of this therapeutic approach are needed.
Stratigraphic mapping of paintings by multispectral reflectography
Authors: Dal Fovo Alice , Fontana Raffaella 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite recent technological advances, it is currently not possible to uniquely and noninvasively measure the micrometric thickness of pictorial layers in paintings. The presence of optically opaque materials (pigments) severely limits the detection capability, as it hinders the penetration of the probe's near-infrared radiation, typically employed for this purpose. In our previous work, we explored the possibility of using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) to achieve stratigraphic information about painting materials. We showed that the thickness of pictorial layers can be quantified by the intensity of the spectral reflectance factor measured at a given wavelength in the infrared, i.e., an easily detectable spectral feature. In the present work, we extend the previously proposed method by applying multispectral reflectography to measure new ad hoc prepared pictorial samples and a mock-up simulating a Mondrian painting. We thus demonstrate that it is possible to obtain 2D and 3D stratigraphic maps of the pictorial layer over large areas with the same measurement time and spatial resolution as multispectral scanning reflectography.
All Roads Lead to Rome: YAP/TAZ Activity Influences Efficacy of KRASG12C Inhibitors
Authors: Johnson Christian W. , Haigis Kevin M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe development of direct inhibitors of KRASG12C represents a monumental step forward in the field of oncology. Nevertheless, there is considerable opportunity to enhance response rates to KRASG12C inhibitors. In this issue of Cancer Research, three investigative teams explore the modulation of KRASG12C inhibitor activity in lung, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers using CRISPR-based knockout screens. While each group identified and validated a variety of genes and pathways conferring resistance to KRASG12C inhibition, all three groups converged upon activation of YAP/TAZ as a common means of resistance. While coinhibition of KRASG12C and YAP/TAZ did not cause complete tumor regression in xenograft models, combining YAP/TAZ inhibition was capable of significantly extending the response of tumors to KRASG12C inhibition.See related articles by Mukhopadhyay et al., p. 4095, Edwards et al., p. 4112, and Prahallad et al., p. 4130
Q&A Label Learning
Authors: Kawamoto Kota , Uchida Masato 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Assigning labels to instances is crucial for supervised machine learning. In this letter, we propose a novel annotation method, Q&A labeling, which involves a question generator that asks questions about the labels of the instances to be assigned and an annotator that answers the questions and assigns the corresponding labels to the instances. We derived a generative model of labels assigned according to two Q&A labeling procedures that differ in the way questions are asked and answered. We showed that in both procedures, the derived model is partially consistent with that assumed in previous studies. The main distinction of this study from previous ones lies in the fact that the label generative model was not assumed but, rather, derived based on the definition of a specific annotation method, Q&A labeling. We also derived a loss function to evaluate the classification risk of ordinary supervised machine learning using instances assigned Q&A labels and evaluated the upper bound of the classification error. The results indicate statistical consistency in learning with Q&A labels.
On the Effect of Anticipation on Reading Times
Authors: Pimentel Tiago , Meister Clara , Wilcox Ethan G. , Levy Roger P. , Cotterell Ryan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Over the past two decades, numerous studies have demonstrated how less-predictable (i.e., higher surprisal) words take more time to read. In general, these studies have implicitly assumed the reading process is purely responsive: Readers observe a new word and allocate time to process it as required. We argue that prior results are also compatible with a reading process that is at least partially anticipatory: Readers could make predictions about a future word and allocate time to process it based on their expectation. In this work, we operationalize this anticipation as a word’s contextual entropy. We assess the effect of anticipation on reading by comparing how well surprisal and contextual entropy predict reading times on four naturalistic reading datasets: two self-paced and two eye-tracking. Experimentally, across datasets and analyses, we find substantial evidence for effects of contextual entropy over surprisal on a word’s reading time (RT): In fact, entropy is sometimes better than surprisal in predicting a word’s RT. Spillover effects, however, are generally not captured by entropy, but only by surprisal. Further, we hypothesize four cognitive mechanisms through which contextual entropy could impact RTs—three of which we are able to design experiments to analyze. Overall, our results support a view of reading that is not just responsive, but also anticipatory.1
Wrapping Up 1QM
Authors: Johnson Michael B. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article evaluates the debated placements of fragments in the reconstruction of the War Scroll from Cave 1 (1QM). There are three fragments (frags. 3, 9, 10) and one large fragment cluster (1QM 2, 8, DSSHU pl. 34; 1Q33 2) that are contested in 1QM scholarship. These placements are important for establishing the text of 1QM and the determination of whether there was another War Scroll from Cave 1 among the fragments assigned to 1QM and 1Q33. I will evaluate the remaining debates about fragment placements in 1QM, focusing especially on Hanan and Esther Eshel’s proposal (2000) that the large fragment cluster is not part of 1QM but is the remnant of a different scroll, which they label 1QMa. To assist in weighing the plausibility of fragment placements in 1QM, this article incorporates 3D visualizations of how 1QM would appear in a rolled state to demonstrate how well some proposed fragment placements cohere with the scroll’s damage patterns.
Diversity of symbiotic bacteria in the digestive and circulatory systems of lobster and crayfish: important connections for efficient aquaculture. A systematic review
Authors: Oliveira Ana V. da S. , Vieira Jhones de L. , Maia Hudson D. , Gaeta Juliana , de Sousa Oscarina V. , da Silva Jéssica L. S. , de Menezes Francisca G. R. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Lobsters and crayfishes have social, economic and ecological significance in several regions around the world. These crustaceans have complex digestive systems and open circulatory systems colonized by symbiotic microorganisms that play essential roles in the health, nutrition and disease of crustaceans, attracting considerable interest. The importance of the microbiota for the successful cultivation of animals in captivity is known, however, there is a lack of information about the symbiotic microbiota in different species of lobsters. The aim of this study was to summarize global information on microbiota studies of anatomical sites of lobsters and crayfishes looking for patterns of bacteria that colonize their intestine, hepatopancreas and haemolymph. A systematic review was conducted using “Methodi Ordinatio”. Twenty-five significant articles, from 12 countries, were identified for analysis from the Scopus database. The crustacean genera found were Cherax, Pacifastacus and Procambarus (crayfish); Homarus, Nephrops and Panulirus (lobsters). The intestinal, hepatopancreas and haemolymph microbiota show a wide variety of bacteria influenced by infections affecting the individual, stress caused by changes in the environment, availability and quality of food, period of the year, stage of development and the animal’s sex, among other aspects. The common core bacterial microbiota among crustaceans consist of the genera Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Candidatus Bacilloplasma, Candidatus Hepatoplasma, Citrobacter, Hafnia, Photobacterium, Pseudomonas, Shewanella and Vibrio. The results broadened our understanding of the microbiota in the intestinal and circulatory systems of crustaceans, the flaws for and needs for standardization of analysis techniques, and the use of a multi-specialized approach for the protection and management of lobsters as a fisheries resource.
First record of the pebble crab, Liagore rubromaculata (De Haan, 1835) (Decapoda, Brachyura, Xanthidae) from the west coast of India
Authors: Sureandiran B. , Dave T. H. , Solanki J. B. , Karuppasamy K. , Suyani N. K. , Vidhya V. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A single male specimen of the pebble crab, Liagore rubromaculata (De Haan, 1835) measuring 40.0 × 27.0 mm (CW × CL) was observed and is recorded for the first time from the west coast of India. The species was identified by the presence of a smooth and unarmed anterolateral margin. Globally, the species has been reported from the waters of Australia, South China, Indonesia, the Persian Gulf, and the Bay of Bengal, but no report is available from the Arabian Sea. Hence the present study bestows the first confirmed record of L. rubromaculata from the Arabian Sea along the west coast of India, provided with a detailed taxonomic description of the species.