bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Device therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Zhang Zixi , Xiao Yichao , Dai Yongguo , Lin Qiuzhen , Liu Qiming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDevice therapy is a nonpharmacological approach that presents a crucial advancement for managing patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). This review investigated the impact of device-based interventions and emphasized their potential for optimizing treatment for this complex patient demographic. Cardiac resynchronization therapy, augmented by atrioventricular node ablation with His-bundle pacing or left bundle-branch pacing, is effective for enhancing cardiac function and establishing atrioventricular synchrony. Cardiac contractility modulation and vagus nerve stimulation represent novel strategies for increasing myocardial contractility and adjusting the autonomic balance. Left ventricular expanders have demonstrated short-term benefits in HFpEF patients but require more investigation for long-term effectiveness and safety, especially in patients with AF. Research gaps regarding complications arising from left ventricular expander implantation need to be addressed. Device-based therapies for heart valve diseases, such as transcatheter aortic valve replacement and transcatheter edge-to-edge repair, show promise for patients with AF and HFpEF, particularly those with mitral or tricuspid regurgitation. Clinical evaluations show that these device therapies lessen AF occurrence, improve exercise tolerance, and boost left ventricular diastolic function. However, additional studies are required to perfect patient selection criteria and ascertain the long-term effectiveness and safety of these interventions. Our review underscores the significant potential of device therapy for improving the outcomes and quality of life for patients with AF and HFpEF.
Unpacking the p-factor. Associations Between Maladaptive Personality Traits and General Psychopathology in Female and Male Adolescents
Authors: Benzi Ilaria Maria Antonietta , Fontana Andrea , Di Pierro Rossella , Parolin Laura , Ensink Karin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAdolescence is a period of rapid physical, psychological, and neural maturation that makes youth vulnerable to emerging psychopathology, highlighting the need for improved identification of psychopathology risk indicators. Recently, a higher-order latent psychopathology factor (p-factor) was identified that explains latent liability for psychopathology beyond internalizing and externalizing difficulties. However, recent proposals suggest reconceptualizing the p-factor model in terms of impairments in personality encompassing difficulties in both self-regulation (borderline features) and self-esteem (narcissistic features), but this remains untested. To address this, this study examined the p-factor structure and the contribution of borderline and narcissistic features using two cross-sectional data collections. In Study 1, 974 cisgender adolescents (63% assigned females at birth; age range: 13–19; Mage = 16.68, SD = 1.40) reported on internalizing and externalizing problems (YSR) to test via structural equation models (SEM) different theoretical models for adolescent psychopathology. In Study 2, 725 cisgender adolescents (64.5% assigned females at birth; age range: 13–19; Mage = 16.22, SD = 1.32) reported internalizing and externalizing problems (YSR), borderline personality features (BPFSC-11), and narcissistic personality traits (PNI), to explore, via SEM, the contribution of borderline and narcissistic traits to the p-factor and accounting for gender differences. Results confirmed the utility of a bi-factor model in adolescence. Furthermore, findings highlighted the contribution of borderline features and narcissistic vulnerability to general psychopathology. The study provides the first evidence supporting a p-factor model reconceptualized in terms of personality impairments encompassing difficulties in self-regulation and self-esteem in adolescents.
Examining the Relationship Between Screening for Postpartum Depression and Associated Child Health Service Utilization and Costs: A Study Using the All Our Families Cohort and Administrative Data
Authors: Premji Shainur , McNeil Deborah Ann , Santana Maria Jose , Spackman Eldon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Despite a recognized association between maternal postpartum depression (PPD) and adverse child health outcomes, evidence examining the relationship between PPD symptoms and associated child health service utilization and costs remains unclear. In addition, there is a paucity of evidence describing the relationship between early identification of maternal PPD and associated health service utilization and costs for children. This study aims to address this gap by describing the secondary associations of screening for maternal PPD and annual health service utilization and costs for children over their first five years of life.

Methods
Mothers and children enrolled in the prospective All Our Families cohort were linked to provincial administrative data in Alberta, Canada. Multivariable generalized linear models were used to estimate the average annual inpatient, outpatient, physician, and total health service utilization and costs from a public health system perspective for children of mothers screened high risk for PPD, low/moderate risk for PPD, or unscreened.

Results
Total mean costs were greatest for children during their first year of life than other years. Those whose mothers were not screened had significantly lower costs compared to those whose mothers were screened low/moderate risk, despite equivalent health service utilization.

Discussion
Findings from this study describe the secondary associations of screening for maternal PPD using a public health system perspective. More research is required to fully understand variations in health costs for children across maternal PPD screening categories.
A global user profile framework for effective recommender systems
Authors: Mekouar Loubna , Iraqi Youssef , Damaj Issam 
Published: November 2023

AbstractModern Recommender Systems (RSs) compete to maintain rich user profiles that can accurately reflect user behavior, interests, and service contexts. While benefiting from an online service supported by an RS, user preferences and interests may rapidly change over time. To keep up with the changes from the user perspective, an RS should maintain the making of effective personalization as supported by robust profile construction methods. Building an effective user profile database requires exhaustive data and behavior analysis over extended periods. In this paper, we delve into traditional RS architectures to identify limitations, gaps, and opportunities for improvements in existing user profile mechanisms. To that end, a Global User Profile Framework (GUPF) is proposed towards achieving increased effectiveness. Furthermore, the adoption of the developed framework is exemplified by presenting different potential scenarios. The presented work concludes with the identification of important venues and research directions that are enabled by the proposed GUPF.
Incidence, management, and outcome of incidental meningioma: what has happened in 10 years?
Authors: Näslund Olivia , Strand Per Sveino , Solheim Ole , Al Masri Mohammad , Rapi Okizeva , Thurin Erik , Jakola Asgeir S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to study the use of brain scanning, and the subsequent findings of presumed incidental meningioma in two time periods, and to study differences in follow-up, treatment, and outcome.

Methods
Records of all performed CT and MRI of the brain during two time periods were retrospectively reviewed in search of patients with presumed incidental meningioma. These patients were further analyzed using medical health records, with the purpose to study clinical handling and outcome during a 3 year follow up.

Results
An identical number of unique patients underwent brain imaging during the two time periods (n = 22 259 vs. 22 013). In 2018–2019, 25% more incidental meningiomas were diagnosed compared to 2008–2009 (n = 161 vs. 129, p = 0.052). MRI was used more often in 2018–2019 (26.1 vs. 12.4%, p = 0.004), and the use of contrast enhancement, irrespective of modality, also increased (26.8 vs. 12.2%, p < 0.001). In the most recent cohort, patients were older (median 79 years vs. 73 years, p = 0.03). Indications showed a significant increase of cancer without known metastases among scanned patients. 29.5 and 35.4% of patients in the cohorts were deceased 3 years after diagnosis for causes unrelated to their meningioma.

Conclusions
Despite the same number of unique patients undergoing brain scans in the time periods, there was a trend towards more patients diagnosed with an incidental asymptomatic meningioma in the more recent years. This difference may be attributed to more contrast enhanced scans and more scans among the elderly but needs to be further studied. Patients in the cohort from 2018 to 2019 more often had non-metastatic cancer, with their cause of scan screening for metastases. There was no significant difference in management decision at diagnosis, but within 3 years of follow up significantly more patients in the latter cohort had been re-scanned. Almost a third of all patients were deceased within 3 years after diagnosis, due to causes other than their meningioma.
Sensitivity of atom based on slow light propagation and rotary photon drag: an efficient and secure model for quantum-based sensors in Internet of Things
Authors: Sajid Ullah Syed , Khan Aizaz , Hussain Saddam , Alsafyani Majed , Alroobaea Roobaea , Algarni Sultan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractQuantum technology has the potential to revolutionize sensors and the Internet of Things (IoT). Efficient and secure data transfer among sensors and IoT devices is a major challenge. To address this, the manuscript presents coherent manipulation of the scattering cross section and its sensitivity based on subluminal propagation and rotary photon drag, using an atomic medium with two levels coupled with a cavity. The group index of the proposed atomic medium is measured in the range of $$-0.1\le n_g\le 150$$

-
0.1
≤

n
g

≤
150

and group velocity in the range of $$2\times 10^6$$

2
×

10
6

$$m/s\le v_g\le \pm 2\times 10^9$$

m
/
s
≤

v
g

≤
±
2
×

10
9

m/s. The maximum delay time is reported to $$t_g=0.3$$

t
g

=
0.3

$$\mu s$$

μ
s

and rotary photon drag to $$\theta _d=\pm 5$$

θ
d

=
±
5

micro radian. This effect of photon drag is used in sensing, energy harvesting, and optical switching in IoT. The scattering cross-section of $$0.1\times 10^{21}$$

0.1
×

10
21

$$m^2$$

m
2

is reported. The scattering cross-section impacts the efficiency and reliability of quantum-based communication for IoT. The maximum cross-sectional sensitivity is measured to $$S_\sigma =0.4\times 10^{-19}m^2/n_r$$

S
σ

=
0.4
×

10

-
19

m
2

/

n
r

. The cross-sectional sensitivity potentially impacts secure communication and highly precise detection in sensors and IoT.
The crowding out of conventional electricity generation by renewable energy sources: implications from Greek, Hungarian, and Romanian electricity markets
Authors: Halužan Marko , Verbič Miroslav , Zorić Jelena 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo achieve ambitious energy-climate targets, all EU member states have introduced policies to support the market introduction of renewable energy sources (RES) generation. Motivated to close the gap of the merit order effect (MOE) in less mature Central and South East European electricity markets, we empirically confirm economic theory predictions that in the short run, an increase in RES generation reduces electricity prices. The merit order effect is initially econometrically confirmed and quantified. Different econometric model specifications are estimated to differentiate the MOE caused by wind and solar generation and to differentiate the MOE on high-load and low-load days. In addition, we simulate the adjustment of the realised day-ahead electricity prices to the no-RES generation scenario. Modern statistical methods are applied to bridge the gap in the limited public data availability to solve simulation models used in the power system or agent-based simulations. A family of data mining algorithms is applied for the merit order estimation used in the dynamic adaptation of the generation mix to the omitted RES generation. The estimated energy imbalance caused by the excluded RES generation is therefore compensated by the additional conventional generation dispatch according to the estimated power plant merit order. The estimated supply curves for each generation technology assist the reasoning behind the established MOE in econometric models. Based on our findings, policymakers should prioritise policies that facilitate the integration of RES into their electricity markets, which would in turn accelerate energy transition. With increasingly growing shares of renewables in the system, the governments need to rethink the support scheme, where the emphasis should be placed on efficiently integrating renewables in the power system by taking into account temporal and spatial dimensions.
A review of limitations and potentials of desalination as a sustainable source of water
Authors: Zolghadr-Asli Babak , McIntyre Neil , Djordjevic Slobodan , Farmani Raziyeh , Pagliero Liliana , Martínez-Alvarez Victoriano , Maestre-Valero José F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFor centuries, desalination, in one way or another, has helped alleviate water scarcity. Over time, desalination has gone through an evolutionary process influenced largely by available contemporary technology. This improvement, for the most part, was reflected in the energy efficiency and, in turn, in terms of the cost-effectiveness of this practice. Thanks to such advancements, by the 1960s, the desalination industry experienced notable exponential growth, becoming a formidable option to supplement conventional water resources with a reliable non-conventional resource. That said, often, there are pressing associated issues, most notably environmental, socioeconomic, health, and relatively recently, agronomic concerns. Such reservations raise the question of whether desalination is indeed a sustainable solution to current water supply problems. This is exceptionally important to understand in light of the looming water and food crises. This paper, thus, tends to review these potential issues from the sustainability perspective. It is concluded that the aforementioned issues are indeed major concerns, but they can be mitigated by actions that consider the local context. These may be either prophylactic, proactive measures that require careful planning to tailor the situation to best fit a given region or reactive measures such as incorporating pre- (e.g., removing particles, debris, microorganisms, suspended solids, and silt from the intake water prior to the desalination process) and post-treatments (e.g., reintroducing calcium and magnesium ions to water to enhance its quality for irrigation purposes) to target specific shortcomings of desalination.
The Vagueness of Integrating the Empirical and the Normative: Researchers’ Views on Doing Empirical Bioethics
Authors: Wangmo T. , Provoost V. , Mihailov E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe integration of normative analysis with empirical data often remains unclear despite the availability of many empirical bioethics methodologies. This paper sought bioethics scholars’ experiences and reflections of doing empirical bioethics research to feed these practical insights into the debate on methods. We interviewed twenty-six participants who revealed their process of integrating the normative and the empirical. From the analysis of the data, we first used the themes to identify the methodological content. That is, we show participants’ use of familiar methods explained as “back-and-forth” methods (reflective equilibrium), followed by dialogical methods where collaboration was seen as a better way of doing integration. Thereafter, we highlight methods that were deemed as inherent integration approaches, where the normative and the empirical were intertwined from the start of the research project. Second, we used the themes to express not only how we interpreted what was said but also how things were said. In this, we describe an air of uncertainty and overall vagueness that surrounded the above methods. We conclude that the indeterminacy of integration methods is a double-edged sword. It allows for flexibility but also risks obscuring a lack of understanding of the theoretical-methodological underpinnings of empirical bioethics research methods.
Are children with early literacy difficulties at risk for anxiety disorders in late childhood?
Authors: Kargiotidis Apostolos , Manolitsis George 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe present study examined whether literacy difficulties in both grades 2 and 3 are associated with social and generalized anxiety within the school environment in grade 5 and if children with different literacy difficulties differ in anxiety levels compared to typically developing children in grade 5 after controlling for inattention. Sixty-nine Greek children with literacy difficulties and fifty-two children with typical literacy development were assessed at the beginning of grade 2 and at the end of grade 3 on standardized literacy measures (reading accuracy, text-reading fluency, reading comprehension, and spelling). In grade 5, teachers were asked to rate their children’s social and generalized anxiety levels and inattentive behavior in the school context. Results of one-way ANCOVAs showed that children with literacy difficulties were experiencing more social anxiety than typically developing children. Furthermore, children with both reading and spelling difficulties, but not those with single reading or spelling difficulties, had more social anxiety. These findings suggest that there is a close connection between early literacy difficulties and social anxiety in upper elementary grades and particularly among children with both reading and spelling difficulties. Implications for both teachers and other professionals who support children’s socioemotional development will be discussed.
How the forensic multidisciplinary approach can solve a fatal dog pack attack
Authors: Di Nunzio M. , Della Valle A. , Serino A. , Corrado F. , Di Nunzio C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe authors present the case of a 61-year-old man found dead in an agricultural plot. The first investigation of the scene revealed the corpse laid face up in a spot of partially dried blood, next to an olive tree. His face, arms, legs, and abdomen showed signs of severe contusion and laceration of dogs’ bite wounds. Next to the victim, an olives bin had been found overturned on the ground. A multi-disciplinary approach, including crime scene analysis, autopsy findings, veterinary animals review, odontologist bite mark study, and forensic genetics DNA correlations, was performed. The present case is a documented watchdogs lethal pack attack and provides an example of how to recognize the more active participants thanks to their odontological alterations. It could be considered the first described dog pack attack case solved by dysgnathia alteration. Comparisons between the dental casts obtained from the dogs and the inflicted wounds were made, resulting in positive correlations between the injuries and the dental arches from two of the six involved dogs, thanks to dental abnormalities and DNA founding. The victim’s clothes were also compared with the dogs’ dental casts, confirming that they were the most active participants during the pack attack. Dogs’ DNA was finally matched with saliva traces found on victim’s clothes and skin bite marks.
Postictal Encephalopathy After Status Epilepticus: Outcome and Risk Factors
Authors: Bode Clara Marie , Kristensen Simon Bruun , Olsen Hanne Tanghus , Cornwall Camilla Dyremose , Roberg Lars , Monsson Olav , Krøigård Thomas , Toft Palle , Beier Christoph P. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Postictal encephalopathy is well known after status epilepticus (SE), but its prognostic impact and triggers are unknown. Here, we aimed to establish risk factors for the development of postictal encephalopathy and to study its impact on survival after discharge.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study comprised adult patients diagnosed with first nonanoxic SE at Odense University Hospital between January 2008 and December 2017. Patients with ongoing SE at discharge or unknown treatment success were excluded. Postictal symptoms of encephalopathy were estimated retrospectively using the West Haven Criteria (WHC). WHC grade was determined for postictal day 1 to 14 or until the patient died or was discharged from the hospital. Cumulative postictal WHC during 14 days after SE-cessation was used to quantify postictal encephalopathy. Clinical characteristics, patient demographics, electroencephalographic and imaging features, and details on intensive care treatment were assessed from medical records.

Results
Of all eligible patients (n = 232), 198 (85.3%) had at least WHC grade 2 postictal encephalopathy that lasted for > 14 days in 24.5% of the surviving patients. WHC grade at discharge was strongly associated with poor long-term survival (p < 0.001). Postictal encephalopathy was not associated with nonconvulsive SE, postictal changes on magnetic resonance imaging, or distinct ictal patterns on electroencephalography. Although duration of SE and treatment in the intensive care unit showed an association with cumulative postictal WHC grade, they were not independently associated with the degree of encephalopathy when controlling for confounders. In a linear regression model, etiology, duration of sedation, age, and premorbid modified Rankin Scale were significant and consistent predictors for higher cumulative postictal WHC grade. Exploratory analyses showed an association of a cumulative midazolam dosage (mg/kg/h) with higher cumulative postictal WHC grade.

Discussion
In this cohort, postictal encephalopathy after SE was common and associated with poor long-term survival. Seizure characteristics were not independently associated with postictal encephalopathy; the underlying etiology, long (high-dose midazolam) sedation, high age, and poor premorbid condition were the major risk factors for its development.
Do individualizing moral foundations protect from higher moral disengagement in imprisoned men and women?
Authors: Campos-Rams Maria , Paruzel-Czachura Mariola , Vecina Maria Luisa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe aimed to analyze whether the individualizing moral foundations play a protective role against moral disengagement in a sample of 367 women and men in prison, and whether, in addition, moral foundations promote the intention to change the behaviors that led them to prison. Controlling for gender differences, we found support for the hypothesized connection between the individualizing moral foundations, as proposed by the Moral Foundations Theory (i.e., care and fairness), and the vast majority of moral disengagement mechanisms, especially with the two cruelest (attribution of blame and dehumanization). Regarding the intention to change the immoral behavior that brought our participants into prison, we found that, as hypothesized, the individualizing moral foundations positively and victim locus category negatively showed significant predictive power. This particular result could be especially relevant to improve the re-education interventions formulated for people in prison.