bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
α′ corrections to 4-dimensional non-extremal stringy black holes
Authors: Zatti Matteo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We compute the first-order α′ corrections to a family of 4-dimensional, 4-charge, non-extremal black hole solutions of Heterotic Supergravity in the case with 3 independent charges. The solutions are fully analytic, reproduce the extremal limit previously found in the literature and, applying T-duality, they transform as expected. If we reduce to the case with a single independent charge we obtain the corrections to four embeddings of the Reissner-Nordström black hole in string theory. We completely characterize the black hole thermodynamics computing the Hawking temperature, Wald entropy, mass, gauge charges and their dual thermodynamic potentials. We verify that all these quantities are related by the first law of extended black hole mechanics and the Smarr formula once we include a potential associated to the dimensionful parameter α′ and the scalar charges. We found that the latter are not identified with the poles at infinity of the scalar fields because they receive α′ corrections.
A new technique to incorporate multiple fermion flavors in tensor renormalization group method for lattice gauge theories
Authors: Yosprakob Atis , Nishimura Jun , Okunishi Kouichi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We propose a new technique to incorporate multiple fermion flavors in the tensor renormalization group method for lattice gauge theories, where fermions are treated by the Grassmann tensor network formalism. The basic idea is to separate the site tensor into multiple layers associated with each flavor and to introduce the gauge field in each layer as replicas, which are all identified later. This formulation, after introducing an appropriate compression scheme in the network, enables us to reduce the size of the initial tensor with high efficiency compared with a naive implementation. The usefulness of this formulation is demonstrated by investigating the chiral phase transition and the Silver Blaze phenomenon in 2D Abelian gauge theories with Nf flavors of Wilson fermions up to Nf = 4.
Immunohistochemical markers as predictors of prognosis in multifocal prostate cancer
Authors: Segalés Laura , Juanpere Nuria , Gallarín Nerea , Lorenzo Marta , López David , Perera-Bel Júlia , Rodriguez-Vida Alejo , Fumadó Lluís , Cecchini Lluís , Bellmunt Joaquim , Lloreta-Trull Josep , Hernández-Llodrà Silvia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe impact of tumor focality on prostate cancer (PCa) prognosis has been addressed in several studies with conflicting results. Tumor foci from multifocal (MF) PCa can show highly heterogeneous molecular features. Our aim was to analyze the protein expression of PTEN, SPOP, SLC45A3, ETV1, ERG and the “triple hit” (ERG overexpression, PTEN plus SLC45A3 loss) in unifocal (UF) and MF PCa, to evaluate their value as prognostic markers according to focality, and the role of tumor heterogeneity in MF disease. PTEN, SPOP, SLC45A3, ETV1 and ERG immunohistochemical expression was evaluated in 185 PCa from 9 TMAs, 51 UF and 134 MF. In a subset of 69 MF cases, the dominant and secondary foci (DF and SF) were compared. Heterogeneity was considered when both tumor foci presented different expression patterns. Relationship with clinicopathological features was also analyzed. MF PCa was diagnosed in significantly younger patients when compared to UF ones (p = 0.007). ETV1 overexpression was associated with UF disease (p = 0.028). A shorter time to PSA recurrence was related to SLC45A3 wt expression in UF PCa (p = 0.052), and to SPOP expression loss (p = 0.043) or “triple hit” phenotype in MF PCa (p = 0.041). In MF cases, PTEN loss, SLC45A3 loss and “triple hit” phenotype were associated with the DF and had significant heterogeneity. In conclusion, our results indicate that UF and MF PCa have relevant and consistent molecular differences. The analysis of an immunohistochemical panel, composed by PTEN, SPOP, SLC45A3, ETV1 and ERG, could be useful to predict outcome in MF cases.
Molecular pathology in breast disease: diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools
Authors: Varga Zsuzsanna , Maccio Umberto 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMolecular testing in breast cancer gained increasing attention and importance as specific molecular results can tailor not only oncological decisions on systemic adjuvant or neoadjuvant or in metastatic setting, but increasingly serve in diagnostic routine histopathological services to differentiate between morphologically overlapping or ambiguous histological pictures. Diagnostic tools involve in most cases a broad spectrum of immunohistochemical panels, followed by entity-specific in situ hybridization probes and in given cases NGS-based sequencing. Workflow of which methodology is applied and in which order depends on the specific entity resp. on the given differential diagnosis in question. Regarding prognostic/predictive molecular testing, the choice of assay and the workflow are based on clinical algorithms and on the evidence of targeted therapies following the molecular alterations. In this review paper, we aim to address the use of molecular technics in [1] the histological diagnostic setting (such as subtyping of invasive carcinomas/malignant spindle cell tumors and sarcomas and some B3 lesions) and [2] in the context of adjuvant or neoadjuvant or other clinical settings with special focus of targeted therapies.
A gradient-enhanced bone remodelling approach to avoid the checkerboard phenomenon
Authors: Bensel Fynn , Reiber Marlis , Foulatier Elise , Junker Philipp , Nackenhorst Udo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNumerical simulation of bone remodelling enables the investigation of short- and long-term stability of bone implants and thus can be an essential tool for surgical planning. The first development of related mathematical models dates back to the early 90’s, and these models have been continuously refined since then. However, one issue which has been under discussion since those early days concerns a numerical instability known as checkerboarding. A literature review of recent approaches guided us to adopt a technique established in damage mechanics and topology optimisation, where similar mesh dependencies and instabilities occur. In our investigations, the so-called gradient enhancement is used to regularise the internal variable field, representing the evolution of the bone mass density. For this, a well-established mathematical model for load-adaptive bone remodelling is employed. A description of the constitutive model, the gradient enhancement extension and the implementation into an open-access Abaqus user element subroutine is provided. Parametric studies on the robustness of the approach are demonstrated using two benchmark examples. Finally, the presented approach is used to simulate a detailed femur model.
Anxiety in oncology outpatients is associated with perturbations in pathways identified in anxiety focused network pharmacology research
Authors: Oppegaard Kate , Kober Kord M. , Harris Carolyn , Shin Joosun , Morse Lisa , Calvo-Schimmel Alejandra , Paul Steven M. , Cooper Bruce A. , Conley Yvette P. , Hammer Marilyn , Dokiparthi Vasuda , Levine Jon D. , Miaskowski Christine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Evaluate for perturbed signaling pathways associated with subgroups of patients with low versus high levels of state anxiety. These pathways were compared to the pathways identified across eight network pharmacology studies of the anxiolytic effect(s) of a variety of compounds.

Methods
Adult outpatients had a diagnosis of breast, gastrointestinal, gynecological, or lung cancer; had received chemotherapy within the preceding four weeks; and were scheduled to receive at least two additional cycles of chemotherapy. Latent profile analysis was used to identify subgroups of patients with distinct anxiety profiles based on Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory scores that were obtained six times over two cycles of chemotherapy. Blood samples were processed using RNA sequencing (i.e., RNA-seq sample, n = 244) and microarray (i.e., microarray sample; n = 256) technologies. Pathway perturbations were assessed using pathway impact analysis. Fisher’s combined probability method was used to combine test results using a false discovery rate of 0.01.

Results
In the RNA-seq sample, 62.3% and 37.7% of the patients were in the low- and high-anxiety classes, respectively. In the microarray sample, 61.3% and 38.7% were in the low and high-anxiety classes, respectively. Forty-one perturbed signaling pathways were identified. Eight of these pathways were common to those identified in the network pharmacology studies.

Conclusions
Findings increase our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that underlie anxiety in patients receiving chemotherapy. This study provides initial insights into how anxiety in patients with cancer may share common mechanisms with anxiety in patients with other clinical conditions.
The impact of urgency of umbilical hernia repair on adverse outcomes in patients with cirrhosis: a population-based cohort study from England
Authors: Adiamah A. , Rashid A. , Crooks C. J. , Hammond J. , Jepsen P. , West J. , Humes D. J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Umbilical hernia is common in patients with cirrhosis; however, there is a paucity of dedicated studies on postoperative outcomes in this group of patients. This population-based cohort study aimed to determine the outcomes after emergency and elective umbilical hernia repair in patients with cirrhosis.

Methods
Two linked electronic healthcare databases from England were used to identify all patients undergoing umbilical hernia repair between January 2000 and December 2017. Patients were grouped into those with and without cirrhosis and stratified by severity into compensated and decompensated cirrhosis. Length of stay, readmission, 90-day case fatality rate and the odds ratio of 90-day postoperative mortality were defined using logistic regression.

Results
In total, 22,163 patients who underwent an umbilical hernia repair were included and 297 (1.34%) had cirrhosis. More patients without cirrhosis had an elective procedure, 86% compared with 51% of those with cirrhosis (P < 0.001). In both the elective and emergency settings, patients with cirrhosis had longer hospital length of stay (elective: 0 vs 1 day, emergency: 2 vs 4 days, P < 0.0001) and higher readmission rates (elective: 4.87% vs 11.33%, emergency:11.39% vs 29.25%, P < 0.0001) than those without cirrhosis. The 90-day case fatality rates were 2% and 0.16% in the elective setting, and 19% and 2.96% in the emergency setting in patients with and without cirrhosis respectively.

Conclusion
Emergency umbilical hernia repair in patients with cirrhosis is associated with poorer outcomes in terms of length of stay, readmissions and mortality at 90 days.
Prevalence, treatment, and neural correlates of apathy in different forms of dementia: a narrative review
Authors: Parrotta Ilaria , Cacciatore Stefano , D’Andrea Flavio , D’Anna Marianna , Giancaterino Giulia , Lazzaro Giovanni , Arcara Giorgio , Manzo Nicoletta 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this review is to provide an overview on prevalence and clinical tools for the diagnosis of apathy, as well as on neurophysiological and neuroimaging findings obtained from studies in patients with apathy in different forms of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), vascular (VaD) and mixed dementia, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD).

Methods
Randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, controlled before–after studies, and interrupted time series from four databases (WebOfScience, Scopus, Pubmed, and PsycINFO) addressing apathy in adults or older people aged over 65 years of age affected by dementia were included.

Results
The prevalence of apathy was 26–82% for AD, 28.6–91.7 for VaD, 29–97.5% in PDD, and 54.8–88.0 in FTD. The assessment of apathy was not consistent in the reviewed studies. Methylphenidate was the most successful pharmacological treatment for apathy. Neurobiological studies highlighted the relationship between both structural and functional brain areas and the presence or severity of apathy.

Conclusion
Apathy is a very common disorder in all types of dementia, although it is often underdiagnosed and undertreated. Further studies are needed to investigate its diagnosis and management. A consensus on the different evaluation scales should be achieved.
The effect of different angle kappa on higher-order aberrations after small incision lenticule extraction
Authors: Guo Lu , Cheng Zixuan , Kong Xiangmei , Huang Zhaoxia , Xu Xue , Wu Jinchuan , Lv Hongbin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to compare higher-order aberrations (HOAs) after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in patients with different angle kappa. This is a retrospective report in which 341 right eyes of 341 patients who were subjected to SMILE, which used coaxially sighted corneal light reflex (CSCLR) as the treatment zone centered, treated by the same experienced surgeon (LHB) for correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism, preoperative and postoperative spherical equivalent (SE), angle kappa, total higher-order aberrations (total HOA), spherical aberration (SA), vertical coma (VC), horizontal coma (HC), oblique trefoil (OT), and horizontal trefoil (HT), were compared. SMILE showed outstanding performance in terms of safety, efficacy, and predictability. In addition, a comparison of preoperative and postoperative HOAs exhibited the difference of total HOA (P < 0.01), SA (P < 0.01), VC (P < 0.01), and HC (P < 0.01), which was statistically significant; however, for OT and HT with the longer follow-up time, the statistical difference gradually decreased. For stratification of angle kappa into groups based on decantation, angle kappa was divided into three major groups: r < 0.1 mm, 0.1 ≤ r < 0.2 mm, and r ≥ 0.2 mm; the changes of SA (F = 4.127, P = 0.021) and OT (F = 3.687, P = 0.031) exhibited significant difference after 1 year of SMILE. We performed a correlation analysis of all preoperative and postoperative parameters, and the results indicated that the preoperative total HOA was negatively correlated with preoperative cylindrical diopter (DC), and postoperative total HOA, SA, and coma were affected by spherical diopter (DS) and SE. Moreover, we also found a significant difference of SA and VC in the early postoperative with preoperative. SA was positively correlated with Y values and r of 1 year after SMILE. All of the analyzed parameters in the three groups, except for the trefoil, gradually increased over time; however, the trefoil could gradually stabilize over time. We also divided angle kappa into four groups by quadrants; the result showed that the effects of higher-order aberrations were markedly different from the various quadrants. Patients with large angle kappa were able to increase VC and SA postoperatively, and higher HOAs were more significant in patients with high myopia. The differences in quadrants exhibited a diversity of HOAs; this could be attributed to the corneal surface reestablishment and the alteration of angle kappa, but the trend was not apparent. Although all patients displayed increased HOAs after SMILE, the potential application of CSCLR as the treatment zone centered still showed excellent safety, efficacy, and predictability.
Water under the bridge: how place meanings shape second homeowners’ engagement in flood risk management in southern Denmark
Authors: Nedergaard Mikkel , Baron Nina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn Europe, climate change is expected to increase the frequency of extreme precipitation events. Consequently, low-lying areas in southern Denmark may experience increased flooding. In this predominantly rural landscape, large areas of wetland were initially reclaimed for agricultural purposes, before being developed into recreational areas for second homes, many of which are now vulnerable to flooding. Local and national policy on flood risk management and climate change adaptation is based on the assumption that effective adaptation actions require citizen engagement. However, local authorities’ efforts to motivate homeowners to engage in collective actions have had mixed results. We adopt a case study approach, and explore how second homeowners’ place meanings shape, and are shaped by, how they experienced a climate-related hazard, and how this, in turn, informs their motivation to engage in collective flood risk management efforts. Specifically, in-depth narrative interviews were conducted with second homeowners who experienced an extreme weather event in 2011, which led to severe flooding. The findings show that place meanings can vary within the same stakeholder group, in this case, second homeowners. However, both second homeowners whose place meanings can be likened to that of a “temporary visitor”, and those whose place meanings are more akin to that of the “permanent resident” are able to mobilise their place meanings to contest engagement in local authorities’ flood risk reduction initiatives.
Manipulation of Chemical and Crystal Structures of Multilayered Copper-Hexaaminobenzene Coordination Nanosheets to Modulate Conductivity with Precise Control of Liquid–Liquid Interfacial Synthesis
Authors: Maeda Hiroaki , Takada Kenji , Fukui Naoya , Ukai Junzo , Honma Nobutaka , Sasaki Sono , Masunaga Hiroyasu , Kato Kenichi , Nishihara Hiroshi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMultilayered coordination nanosheets made of copper ions and hexaaminobenzene (CuHAB) were synthesized in a liquid–liquid interfacial reaction in the presence of a base and an oxidizing agent. X-ray diffraction studies revealed the suitability of an oxidizing agent with a low oxidation potential for the synthesis of highly crystalline CuHAB. The base concentration affects the chemical and crystal structures of CuHAB. The nanosheets synthesized at low base concentrations exhibit humidity-responsive conductivity due to the ligating amino group. Meanwhile, the nanosheets prepared at high base concentrations have different stacking structures from the CuHABs formed at low base concentrations and show greater conductivity. These results indicate that the liquid–liquid interfacial synthesis with an appropriate oxidizing agent and quantitative addition of base can modulate chemical and stacking structures of coordination nanosheets composed of hexaaminobenzene ligand and their functionalities.
Proposal and Evaluation of GPU Offloading Parts Reconfiguration During Applications Operations for Environment Adaptation
Authors: Yamato Yoji 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn recent years, not only CPUs with few cores but also heterogeneous hardware such as GPUs, FPGAs, and multi-core CPUs are increasingly used in many applications. However, to fully utilize these, users need to have technical knowledge that covers hardware such as CUDA. To overcome this high technical barrier, we have proposed environment-adaptive software that enables high-performance operation by automatically converting application code written for normal CPUs by engineers in accordance with the deployed environment and by setting appropriate amounts of resources. So far, we have also verified the elemental technologies that automatically offload to GPU and FPGA before the start of operation. Until now, we only considered conversions and settings before the start of operation. In this paper, we verify that the logic is reconfigured in accordance with the usage characteristics during operation. Especially for GPU logic, there is no example of reconfiguration during operation, so the proposed method can be expected to have a great impact on clouds or similar businesses. We propose a GPU reconfiguration method during operation and find that the application running on the GPU is reconfigured to other offload loops or other offload applications in accordance with the current usage trends. Through a reconfiguration experiment, performance improvement and break time are measured, and the effectiveness of the method is demonstrated.
Unlocking the Path to Healthier Families: The Untapped Potential of Men’s Preconception Health
Authors: Abed Alah Muna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis debate paper explores the necessity of introducing a comprehensive primary care model for men’s preconception health. It highlights the importance of a holistic approach that includes risk assessment, health promotion, and clinical and psychological interventions. Despite the current limited focus on male preconception health in primary care, there is evidence suggesting a growing awareness among men about the importance of optimizing their health before conception. The paper stresses the importance of such a model in addressing various aspects of men’s well-being, family dynamics, and overall reproductive health outcomes. It also acknowledges potential limitations and considerations related to implementing this crucial healthcare approach.
Antichains in the Bruhat Order for the Classes $$\mathcal {A}(n,k)$$
Authors: da Cruz Henrique F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLet $$\varvec{\mathcal {A}(n,k)}$$

A
(
n
,
k
)

represent the collection of all $$\varvec{n\times n}$$

n
×
n

zero-and-one matrices, with the sum of all rows and columns equalling $$\varvec{k}$$

k

. This set can be ordered by an extension of the classical Bruhat order for permutations, seen as permutation matrices. The Bruhat order on $$\varvec{\mathcal {A}(n,k)}$$

A
(
n
,
k
)

differs from the Bruhat order on permutations matrices not being, in general, graded, which results in some intriguing issues. In this paper, we focus on the maximum length of antichains in $$\varvec{\mathcal {A}(n,k)}$$

A
(
n
,
k
)

with the Bruhat order. The crucial fact that allows us to obtain our main results is that two distinct matrices in $$\varvec{\mathcal {A}(n,k)}$$

A
(
n
,
k
)

with an identical number of inversions cannot be compared using the Bruhat order. We construct sets of matrices in $$\varvec{\mathcal {A}(n,k)}$$

A
(
n
,
k
)

so that each set consists of matrices with the same number of inversions. These sets are hence antichains in $$\varvec{\mathcal {A}(n,k)}$$

A
(
n
,
k
)

. We use these sets to deduce lower bounds for the maximum length of antichains in these partially ordered sets.
The effect of time-varying fundamentals in learning-to-forecast experiments
Authors: Alfarano Simone , Camacho-Cuena Eva , Colasante Annarita , Ruiz-Buforn Alba 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInspired by macroeconomic scenarios, we aim to experimentally investigate the evolution of short- and long-run expectations under different specifications of the fundamentals. We collect individual predictions for future prices in a series of Learning to Forecast Experiments with a time-varying fundamental value. In particular, we observe how expectations evolve in markets where the fundamental value follows either a V-shaped or an inverse V-shaped pattern. These conditions are compared with markets characterized by a constant and a slightly linear increasing fundamental value. We assess whether minor but systematic variations in the fundamentals affect individual short- and long-run expectations by considering positive and negative feedback-expectation systems. Compared to a setting with constant fundamentals, the slowly varying fundamentals have a limited impact on how subjects form their expectations in positive feedback markets, whereas in negative feedback markets we observe notable changes.