bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fighting the flames: site-specific effects determine species richness of Australian frogs after fire
Authors: Mitchell Brittany A. , Gorta Simon B. Z. , Callaghan Corey T. , Kingsford Richard T. , Rowley Jodi J. L. 
Published: December 2023

Context Fire has played an integral role in regulating patterns of biodiversity for millions of years. However, anthropogenic disturbance and climate change has altered fire activity – driving increases in both fire severity and scale. The effect fire now has on the persistence of biodiversity is poorly known, especially for frogs. Studies examining frog responses to fire usually have small sample sizes, focus upon small geographic areas and are based on low-severity fires, which can mean results are not applicable to high-severity fires, such as those expected under future climate change. Aims Our aims were to examine (1) persistence of frog species, measured by species richness, up to 18 months post-fire, and (2) the effects of varying fire severity on frog species richness and recovery, where we expected higher fire severity to lead to lower species richness after fire. Methods Using large-scale citizen science data from the Australian Museum’s FrogID project, coupled with remotely sensed fire data, we present a spatially and taxonomically broad analysis examining post-fire recovery responses for Australian frog species after the 2019/2020 ‘Black Summer’ bushfires. Key results We reveal no overall decrease in the species richness of Australian frogs both in the short- and long-term post-fire. Furthermore, species richness did not decline with increasing fire severity. Instead, species richness and its response to fire was highly site-specific. Conclusions We provide evidence that widespread and common Australian frog species have persisted post-fire in most sites and concluded that this is potentially due to their ability to shelter from fire adequately and/or La Niña-driven high rainfall offering conditions conducive to breeding activity and persistence. Implications We show how citizen science provides critical data for conservation, especially in response to unprecedented disturbance events, such as the 2019/2020 megafires. Our research also highlights the need for ongoing and targeted scientific monitoring, especially for less common or threatened species.
Definite-like meaning of bare classifiers in Nung
Authors: Lam Esther 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Nung (Tai, Kra-Dai) is a numeral-classifier language that contains the Classifier-Noun (cl-n, or ‘bare
classifier’) construction. Drawing on Langacker’s Cognitive Grammar (Langacker 1987,
2004, 2008, 2017) (CG), I argue that the use of a Nung cl-n phrase is only possible when it refers to a
unique instance in the current discourse frame of the current discourse space. This explains why cl-n
phrases show a definite-like meaning contrast with other types of nominal phrases (NPs) in Nung, as well as why Nung cl-n
phrases can be interpreted as either specific or non-specific indefinite. This paper makes two theoretical contributions. Firstly,
it shows that the existing theory of numeral classifiers within CG, which is based on the unitization function of numeral
classifiers, is not sufficient to account for the meaning contrast between cl-n and other types of NP in Nung. Secondly,
given that a referent that exists in the current discourse frame need not exist in the actual world or pre-exist in the
discourse, this paper illustrates how a referent can satisfy a presupposition of uniqueness without satisfying a presupposition of
existence in the actual world or in the discourse.
Animal Welfare Concerns of Farm-Based Education Programs
Authors: Kapral Suzanne M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The integrating of farm animals with educational and therapeutic settings continues to expand, with Farm-animal-assisted interventions (AAI) being a method specifically designed to assist individuals, particularly children, who are dealing with trauma, depression, anxiety, and addiction. Farm-based education includes standards-based curriculum such as agriculture, biology, ecology, nutrition, and science. AAI and education sessions may occur on-site (farm) or off-site (school, hospital, or residential treatment facility). This study delves into the benefits that farm-based activities can bring to children, while shedding light on the potential welfare implications for the animals involved.
Research supports that individuals of diverse ages and capabilities may experience positive outcomes from engaging in repetitive, structured interventions with farm animals. What remains unclear is the impact of these interventions on the well-being of the farm animals themselves.
Understanding and prioritizing animal welfare is of paramount importance when considering farm-based AAI. If we define welfare as how well an animal copes with its living conditions, we must ensure that animals are healthy, comfortable, well-nourished, safe and can express innate behavior, and are free from pain, fear, frustration, and distress. Another key area of animal welfare is how an animal responds to stress, which may occur when an animal is removed from its environment and required to interact with novel objects or unfamiliar individuals.

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The size effect and analogous boundary states in a circular non-Hermitian chain
Authors: Ma Xin-Yu , Guan Yi-Han , Li Qiao-Nan , He Ai-Lei , Qi Lu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We investigate the size effect and boundary states based on a circular non-Hermitian chain under the nonreciprocal intra-cell coupling and inter-cell coupling regimes. We find that the circular non-Hermitian chain exhibits an even–odd effect on the unit cell corresponding to a large chain, which is different from the open non-Hermitian chain only exhibiting the same effect for a small chain. Moreover, we find that the originally localized bulk states become totally extended via designing the boundary coupling strength appropriately. The extended bulk states reveal the fact of the disappearance of the non-Hermitian skin effect. In particular, we show that the circular non-Hermitian chain also possesses the analogous edge states under some parameter regimes, which is pretty counterintuitive since the circular chain usually cannot define a boundary. Our investigations supply the different non-Hermitian phenomena in a circular non-Hermitian chain.
Legislative Omission: Portrait of Regional Waste Management Arrangements in Gorontalo Province-Indonesia
Authors: Ngilu Novendri M. , Kasim Ramdhan , Towadi Mellisa , Badu Lisnawaty W. , Imran Suwitno , Kaluku Julisa Aprilia , Kakoe Rismanto , Rasyid Usman 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article intends to take images of waste management arrangements throughout the province of Gorontalo. This article was written using the statutory and case law approaches. The findings of this investigation are: (1) Four regions out of a total of 6 have established regional regulations on waste management in their formation exceeding the formation grace period stipulated in the law. (2) Gorontalo Regency and Boalemo Regency still need to establish regional regulations on waste management. (3) The absence of local regulations on waste management in the two districts is influenced by the view that waste management has been regulated in the Regent Regulations in the two districts. Therefore, it is important to encourage the formation of regional regulations in the two regions and for the Ministry of Home Affairs to periodically evaluate the formation of regional regulations in all regions throughout Indonesia.
The Antinomy of Green Economy Implementation Towards Indigenous People in Natural Resources Management
Authors: Yani Ahmad , Noviantika Tria 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Is Green economy practices adaptive and universally applicable? There are certain conditions where the application cannot be imposed, such as in the environment of indigenous peoples. This research aims to determine the contradiction and explore the Actualization of local wisdom among indigenous peoples in natural resource management. This research uses socio-legal methods with the conceptual, case, and statute approaches. The results showed that: Firstly, conflicts arising from differences in management techniques, concepts, claims of ownership rights, access, and objectives of natural resource management between indigenous peoples and green economy are significantly different. Secondly, Actualization and implementation in Indonesia can be done by adjusting the projection of green economy development with the wisdom patterns of each region, the participation of indigenous peoples in the policy formulation process, and the values of local wisdom in natural resource management as a limitation of the implementation of the green economy.
The Potential use of Bio-mineralization Technique in Developing Eco-Sustainable Self-Healing Geopolymer Binder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lekshmi Sreedevi , Benjamin Babitha , Sudhakumar J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The enormous demand for concrete as a construction material over the globe has proliferated the production of cement. It has been reported that the production of one ton of cement produces approximately one ton of carbon dioxide gas to the atmosphere. In geopolymer system, the use of cement is eliminated by using aluminosilicate rich industrial and agricultural waste as source material, which is activated by an alkaline medium. Biomineralization in concrete by using microorganisms is a technique used to enhance the mechanical and durability performance of concrete by imparting self-healing of cracks generated in the system. This paper reviews the feasibility of microbial inclusion in geopolymers. In this review, the mechanical and durability characteristics of microbial geopolymer binders along with the observations of microstructural characterization are elucidated. The mechanical properties in terms of compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength are studied systematically from the existing literature. The durability studies of bio-mineralized geopolymer binder (BMGP) in terms of water absorption, sorptivity, acid attack resistance, sulphate attack resistance and resistance towards freeze thaw effect are analysed in the study. Also, the possible applications of biomineralized microbial geopolymer concrete are critically reviewed in this paper
Study on effects of TiO2 Nano particles on properties of concrete
Authors: Jayakalyani P , Sujatha Takkellapati , Nithin P , Mydili Priya CH , Mouni J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Civil Engineering is one of the vast specializations that required an advanced research to utilize the current trend in Nano technology especially utilizing eco-friendly Nano materials for various constructions such as roads, building, soil stabilization and backfill material treatment. Nanomaterials enhance the strength, durability against aggressive chemical compounds and elements that extend the effective service life of the structure. Nanomaterials can also help to reduce the need for raw materials for upkeep and repair. In particular for heavy-duty applications, Nano materials are crucial in the development of high-strength and low-energy buildings. The outcomes of laboratory and field experiments on the effects of Nano materials on the environment are also thoroughly analyzed. There are many different types of Nano particles accessible nowadays, but TiO2 was chosen for this investigation. There are several civil engineering applications for this, to investigate how mechanical properties (compressive strength and flexure strength) are affected by TiO2 Nano particles (NT). In this investigation, M30grade concrete with TiO2 at 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 percent by adding to the weight of cement was used.
Microstructure Analysis of Concrete with Pulverized Used Foundry Sand as Mineral Admixture
Authors: Salim P M , Prasad E V 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
There are several mineral admixtures used in concrete to enhance its properties. Pulverized used foundry sand (PUFS) is a recently introduced patented material into the mineral admixture category. The pulverized used foundry sand is made from the discarded waste foundry sand generated from the foundry operations. In this paper, an effort is made to investigate the different micro structure analysis methods employed in the elemental study of mineral compounds and to accentuate the strength enhancement mechanism of the pulverized used foundry sand in concrete. Representative samples obtained from concrete comprising pulverised used foundry sand content at 0%,5%,10%,15%, and 20% of the cement content by weight as per standard practice were tested with EDX (Energy Dispersive X-ray), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). EDX, SEM and XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) analysis were conducted on pulverized used foundry sand and silica fume for studying the various elements and its proportions. From the SEM images it is ascertained that the addition of PUFS increases the quantities of CSH (Calcium Silicate Hydrate) and Calcite in the concrete. As an outcome, the microstructure analysis of concrete having different proportions of PUFS portrays how the PUFS as a mineral additive affects the strength characteristics of concrete that contains it.
Compressive strength of geopolymer mortar on different molarities, liquid binder, and alkaline solution ratios.
Authors: Ranga Ramanujam I.V. , Ramachandra Reddy K. , Venkata Ramana N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article examines the impact of liquid binder (L/B) ratio, molarities, sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide ratios on the compressive strength of geopolymer mortars. In total 72 trial mixes of geopolymer mortar are prepared with GGBS as base constituent material. In the experimental investigation the molarities varied from 8 to 18 by increment of 2 and liquid binder ratio is varied as 0.35, 0.40 and 0.45. In addition to those two variables, alkaline solution ratios are also changed as 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0. From the experimental study it is noticed that the geopolymer mortar with GGBS has shown higher compressive strength. Amongst all the mixes, the specimens with liquid binder ratio of 0.45, alkaline ratio of 2.0 and Molarity 14M of NaOH solution exhibited maximum strength of 52.69 MPa.
Influence of GGBFS and Silica Fume on the Properties of High-Strength Self-Compacting Concrete
Authors: Japthi Sravani , Reddy B Jayarami , Manoj Kumar P 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
When the compaction of concrete becomes challenging to carry out, Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) is considered as an alternative to ordinary concrete. The aim of the present work is to obtain high-strength SCC by substituting Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) and Silica Fume (SF) for cement. GGBFS and SF have been extensively employed as admixtures in recent years to produce high-strength concrete. SCC was created as a reference mix without any mineral admixtures, whereas the other mixes had varying amounts of GGBS and SF. The remaining six mixtures contained various concentrations of GGBFS from 10 to 30 percent with variations of 10% and silica fume from 5 to 15 percent with variations of 5 percentile. As workability is the primary attribute of SCC, various flowability features, including the Slump test, V funnel, and L box test were recognized. Studies on mechanical performance and durability properties were conducted. At 28 days, a ternary combination of 30% GGBS and 5% SF reaches its maximum compressive strength of 70.12 MPa. Also, when SF is replaced with 5% and GGBFS with 30% by weight of cement, the results showed better improvement in durability.
Study on Strength Characteristics of Granular Materials
Authors: Renuka K , Sudam P Arti 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Crushing strength of granular material plays vital role in major civil engineering structures like offshore constructions, pile driving, mining under the high stresses. Determining the crushing strength of granular materials and also experimental results get influenced by its size, shape of grains, density, load application, strain rate, and its aspect ratio etc. So, crushing strength value differs from material to material. With this in view, here an attempt is made to determine the crushing strength for different granular materials like Natural River sand, Ennore sand, Glass beads and Geopolymer fly ash sand with specially fabricated mold. All materials are tested and characterized for index and engineering properties and also determined crushing strength by strain controlled digital load frame for different aspect ratios. Similar crushing strength values obtained for 12M Geo-polymer sand compared to other granular materials hence Geopolymer sand as an alternative material to natural river sand. Experimental results are tabulated in the paper.
Utilization of Fly Ash and Coconut Shell as Sustainable Alternatives in M30 Grade Concrete: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Sagar Tummala Santhi , Paluri Yeswanth , Krishna Y Murali , Ravi Bayyavarapu , Ravi Yakkanti 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The gradual reduction in availability of traditional construction materials and disposal of waste materials are the two most important challenges which engineers or researchers face. To encounter these challenges, industrial or agricultural waste as a substitute for traditional building materials is generally adopted. Among various waste generated in our country, fly ash and coconut shell waste occupy a significant proportion and, if not appropriately managed, can cause serious waste disposal problems. Therefore, in this investigation, a feasibility study on the valorisation of fly ash and coconut shell as substitute materials to cement and natural coarse aggregates (NA), respectively in M30 grade concrete is carried out. The study incorporates the examination of two variables, namely the fly ash (FA) content ranging from 0% to 30% and the coconut shell aggregates (CSA) content ranging from 0% to 30%. The present study assesses the fresh and hardened characteristics of concrete mixtures using different proportions of fly ash as a substitute for cement and coconut shell aggregates as a replacement for coarse aggregate. Based on the obtained data, it is evident that when NA is replaced by CSA in all instances, the hardened properties of the concrete reduced gradually, while the use of FA as a partial substitute to cement by up to 20% showed positive results and could almost counter act the loss in strength of the concrete with incorporation of 20% CSA.
Effect of manufactured sand, micro silica, and GGBS on properties of high-performance concrete
Authors: Chougale Jaydeep B , Bage A A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The most often used building material for engineering constructions is concrete. The rapid urbanization has necessitated the need for High Strength (HS) and High -Performance Concrete (HPC) for specialized constructions, such as high rise/tall structure and other important structures. Greater cement content may be required for concrete with higher performance like strength and durability, but code does not permit it, because higher cement content increases the heat of hydration, which leads to the development of thermal cracks in concrete, reduces its structural performance and damage environment by producing CO2 during production of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). This study tries to replace OPC by Micro Silica (MS) and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) by some percentage to find our effect of these materials on properties of concrete HPC.
In this work, the influence of Manufactured Sand (M-Sand), Micro Silica (MS) and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) on the mechanical and durability qualities of High - Performance Concrete (HPC) is examined experimentally. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is used to create the HPC mixtures and then 40%,45%, 50% by weight of OPC is replaced with GGBS and 2.5% and 5% by weight of OPC is replaced with MS respectively. Additionally, OPC is replaced by 40%GGBS+ 2.5% MS, 40% GGBS+5% MS, 45%GGBS+ 2.5% MS, 45% GGBS+5% MS, and 50%GGBS+ 2.5%MS, 50%GGBS+5% MS. For each percentage replacement workability test, compressive test at the age of 28,56 and 90 days, water permeability test at 28 days and 90 days, Scanning Elector Microscope (SEM) test after 90 days are carried out. The investigative study’s findings showed that partial replacement of OPC with GGBS, MS, and combinations of GGBS and MS produces more consistent outcomes for strength and durability when compared to control mix.
Study on Mechanical Properties of Alkali-Activated Concrete Developed using Bio Cementation Process
Authors: Nihar Ch , Narayana Rao U.V. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The second-most-used material worldwide is concrete. The production of cement is responsible for 8% of the world’s carbon emissions. For every kilogram of cement produced, 0.9 kilograms of carbon dioxide are released. OPC use is growing, which has negative repercussions like global warming that have an impact on the environment. We require an eco-binder that can replace OPC in concrete either completely or partially in order to considerably reduce CO2 emissions from the cement industry. An environmentally sustainable approach to reducing carbon emissions from the construction industry is alkali-activated materials. It involves the reaction of industrial wastes like fly ash and GGBS, which are rich in aluminosilicates, with alkali activators like NaOH and Na2SiO3, forming a binding material called alkali-activated concrete. There is a wealth of information on the effectiveness of alkali-activated concrete. The behaviour of such alkali-activated concrete made by bio-cementation is the topic of the current investigation. The process involves the specific action of urease-producing bacteria, which results in calcium carbonate buildup and enhances the mechanical characteristics of cementitious materials. The focus of the current investigation was on the mechanical characteristics of GGBS and fly ash-based alkali-activated concretes using the activators NaOH and Na2SiO3 made with the bio-cementation technique.
Effect of Crab Shell on Properties of Soil: A Mini Review
Authors: Alisha Shaik Subhan , Dumpa Venkateswarlu , Sreenivasulu Vemu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Soil stabilization is crucial for infrastructure development, cost savings, environmental protection, construction efficiency, and overall project safety. Cement and lime are frequently used conventional materials for stabilizing soils worldwide. The production of these materials releases huge amounts of greenhouse gasses. There is a need to minimize the utilization of these materials. Researchers are finding alternative materials to cement or lime. The fly ash, silica fume, and crab shells are utilized as partial replacement material for cement. Crab shell waste, generated from the seafood processing industry, has gained attention as a potential sustainable partial alternative to cement or lime for soil stabilization due to its abundance and eco-friendly properties. In this study, an attempt has been made to review the effectiveness of crab shells as a soil-stabilizing material in various applications. Also, the physical and chemical parameters of the crab’s shell powder as well as the variables that affect its qualities were also reviewed. The literature shows that the addition of crab shell powder as a partial replacement for cement enhances the strength of the soil. The crab shell possesses an ultimate strength of 36 N/mm2 due to this the soil properties are enhanced when crab shell powder has been added as soil stabilizer. The review suggests that the inclusion of crab shell powder as a replacement to cement up 20% for enhancing the properties of soil and brick.