bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical variability associated with intronic FGF14 GAA repeat expansion in Japan
Authors: Ando Masahiro , Higuchi Yujiro , Yuan Junhui , Yoshimura Akiko , Kojima Fumikazu , Yamanishi Yuki , Aso Yasuhiro , Izumi Kotaro , Imada Minako , Maki Yoshimitsu , Nakagawa Hiroto , Hobara Takahiro , Noguchi Yutaka , Takei Jun , Hiramatsu Yu , Nozuma Satoshi , Sakiyama Yusuke , Hashiguchi Akihiro , Matsuura Eiji , Okamoto Yuji , Takashima Hiroshi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe GAA repeat expansion within the fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14) gene has been found to be associated with late‐onset cerebellar ataxia. This study aimed to investigate the genetic causes of cerebellar ataxia in patients in Japan.MethodsWe collected a case series of 940 index patients who presented with chronic cerebellar ataxia and remained genetically undiagnosed after our preliminary genetic screening. To investigate the FGF14 repeat locus, we employed an integrated diagnostic strategy that involved fluorescence amplicon length analysis polymerase chain reaction (PCR), repeat‐primed PCR, and long‐read sequencing.ResultsPathogenic FGF14 GAA repeat expansions were detected in 12 patients from 11 unrelated families. The median size of the pathogenic GAA repeat was 309 repeats (range: 270–316 repeats). In these patients, the mean age of onset was 66.9 ± 9.6 years, with episodic symptoms observed in 56% of patients and parkinsonism in 30% of patients. We also detected FGF14 repeat expansions in a patient with a phenotype of multiple system atrophy, including cerebellar ataxia, parkinsonism, autonomic ataxia, and bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed normal to mild cerebellar atrophy, and a follow‐up study conducted after a mean period of 6 years did not reveal any significant progression.DiscussionThis study highlights the importance of FGF14 GAA repeat analysis in patients with late‐onset cerebellar ataxia, particularly when they exhibit episodic symptoms, or their brain MRI shows no apparent cerebellar atrophy. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the clinical variability of GAA‐FGF14‐related diseases.
Others (dis‐)endorse this so it must (not) be true: High relative endorsement increases perceived misinformation veracity but not correction effectiveness
Authors: Butler Lucy H. , Fay Nicolas , Ecker Ullrich K. H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPeople increasingly rely on social‐media platforms to access information; thus, understanding how platform characteristics influence belief in misinformation is important. Recent findings indicate perceived social endorsement of information (e.g., number of likes) can influence misinformation belief and correction acceptance. However, how the influence of endorsement may be modulated by concurrent disendorsement information (e.g., dislikes) is unclear. Across two experiments, we assessed the influence of relative endorsement on misinformation belief and correction acceptance. Experiment 1 exposed participants to claims and fact‐checks with a high or low likes‐to‐dislikes ratio. Experiment 2 simplified the relative‐endorsement information into a single value (i.e., a percentage). Results suggest high relative social endorsement of misinformation significantly increases misinformation belief, particularly when the endorsement information is presented as a single value. Conversely, relative endorsement had a negligible impact on correction effectiveness. This suggests perceived relative endorsement may influence belief primarily when other cues of information veracity are unavailable.
Genetically Engineered Cell Membrane‐Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles for High‐Performance Isolation of Circulating Tumor Cells
Authors: Jiang Xinbang , Zhang Xiangyun , Guo Chen , Ma Boya , Liu Zhuang , Du Yunzheng , Wang Biao , Li Nan , Huang Xinglu , Ou Lailiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) are a crucial biomarker for early cancer diagnosis and progress of cancer metastasis. However, the extremely rare CTCs with large amounts of background leukocytes seriously restricte the purity of enriched CTCs. Herein, genetically engineered cell membrane‐coated magnetic nanoparticles with following properties are constructed: I) The leukocyte membrane camouflaged nanoparticles, which could significantly reduce nonspecific binding of homologous leukocytes and achieve high‐purity isolation of CTCs, are prepared by simple one‐step extrusion and II) the cellular membrane stably expressing single‐chain variable fragment (scFv) of anti‐epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody could ensure the recognition of EGFR‐positive CTCs. The binding affinity of the resulting nanoparticles toward extracellular EGFR protein improved more than 100‐fold compared with natural cell membrane‐coated nanoparticles. Furthermore, compared with commercial immunomagnetic nanoparticles, the functional nanoparticles achieved a greater capture efficiency in artificial blood samples and the cell purity increased from 64.8% to 93.5%. Consequently, the authors successfully isolate high pure CTCs from 6 out of 6 cancer patients using engineered cell membrane‐coated nanoparticles. This platform exhibits a promising potential for CTC detection in clinical samples, offering an innovative method for cancer diagnosis and prognosis evaluation.
Electrically Controlled Vasodilator Delivery from PEDOT/Silica Nanoparticle Modulates Vessel Diameter in Mouse Brain
Authors: Woeppel Kevin M. , Krahe Daniela D. , Robbins Elaine M. , Vazquez Alberto L. , Cui Xinyan Tracy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVascular damage and reduced tissue perfusion are expected to majorly contribute to the loss of neurons or neural signals around implanted electrodes. However, there are limited methods of controlling the vascular dynamics in tissues surrounding these implants. This work utilizes conducting polymer poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) and sulfonated silica nanoparticle composite (PEDOT/SNP) to load and release a vasodilator, sodium nitroprusside, to controllably dilate the vasculature around carbon fiber electrodes (CFEs) implanted in the mouse cortex. The vasodilator release is triggered via electrical stimulation and the amount of release increases with increasing electrical pulses. The vascular dynamics are monitored in real‐time using two‐photon microscopy, with changes in vessel diameters quantified before, during, and after the release of the vasodilator into the tissues. This work observes significant increases in vessel diameters when the vasodilator is electrically triggered to release, and differential effects of the drug release on vessels of different sizes. In conclusion, the use of nanoparticle reservoirs in conducting polymer‐based drug delivery platforms enables the controlled delivery of vasodilator into the implant environment, effectively altering the local vascular dynamics on demand. With further optimization, this technology could be a powerful tool to improve the neural electrode‐tissue interface and study neurovascular coupling.
Self‐Standing Metal Foam Catalysts for Cathodic Electro‐Organic Synthesis
Authors: Moreno‐García Pavel , Gálvez‐Vázquez María de Jesús , Prenzel Tobias , Winter Johannes , Gálvez‐Vázquez Liliana , Broekmann Peter , Waldvogel Siegfried R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough electro‐organic synthesis is currently receiving renewed interest because of its potential to enable sustainability in chemical processes to value‐added products, challenges in process development persist: For reductive transformations performed in protic media, an inherent issue is the limited choice of metallic cathode materials that can effectively suppress the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) while maintaining a high activity toward the targeted electro‐organic reaction. Current development trends are aimed at avoiding the previously used HER‐suppressing elements (Cd, Hg, and Pb) because of their toxicity. Here, this work reports the rational design of highly porous foam‐type binary and ternary electrocatalysts with reduced Pb content. Optimized cathodes are tested in electro‐organic reductions using an oxime to nitrile transformation as a model reaction relevant for the synthesis of fine chemicals. Their electrocatalytic performance is compared with that of the model CuSn7Pb15 bronze alloy that has recently been endorsed as the best cathode replacement for bare Pb electrodes. All developed metal foam catalysts outperform both bare Pb and the CuSn7Pb15 benchmark in terms of chemical yield and energetic efficiency. Moreover, post‐electrolysis analysis of the crude electrolyte mixture and the cathode's surfaces through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively, reveal the foam catalysts’ elevated resistance to cathodic corrosion.
Direct Seawater Electrolysis: From Catalyst Design to Device Applications
Authors: Fei Hao , Liu Ruoqi , Liu Tong , Ju Min , Lei Jia , Wang Ziyi , Wang Siyuan , Zhang Yunze , Chen Wen , Wu Zhuangzhi , Ni Meng , Wang Jian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDirect seawater electrolysis (DSE) for hydrogen production, using earth‐abundant seawater as the feedstock and renewable electricity as the driving source, paves a new opportunity for flexible energy conversion/storage and smooths the volatility of renewable energy. Unfortunately, the complex environments of seawater impose significant challenges on the design of DSE catalysts, and the practical performance of many current DSE catalysts remains unsatisfactory on the device level. However, many studies predominantly concentrate on the development of electrocatalysts for DSE without giving due consideration to the specific devices. To mitigate this gap, the most recent progress (mainly published within the year 2020–2023) of DSE electrocatalysts and devices are systematically evaluated. By discussing key bottlenecks, corresponding mitigation strategies, and various device designs and applications, the tremendous challenges in addressing the trade‐off among activity, stability, and selectivity for DSE electrocatalysts by a single shot are emphasized. In addition, the rational design of the DSE electrocatalysts needs to align with the specific device configuration, which is more effective than attempting to comprehensively enhance all catalytic parameters. This work, featuring the first review of this kind to consider rational catalyst design in the framework of DSE devices, will facilitate practical DSE development.
Humidity‐Responsive Polyvinyl Alcohol/Microcrystalline Cellulose Composites with Shape Memory Features for Hair‐Styling Applications
Authors: Uto Koichiro , Liu Yihua , Mu Mingwei , Yamamoto Rie , Azechi Chinami , Tenjimbayashi Mizuki , Kaeser Adrien , Marliac Marie‐Adeline , Alam Mohammad Mydul , Sasai Jun , Ebara Mitsuhiro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the maintenance of humidity‐responsive shape memory polymer composites comprising polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and cellulose microcrystal for maintaining hair curls in humid environments. The composite films are prepared by a simple blending method using aqueous solutions of different polymer ratios and characterized for thermal properties, chemical structure, and surface morphology. The hydroxyl groups in the PVA and cellulose provided hydrogen‐bonding interactions and improved the miscibility of the composites. Increasing the cellulose content in the composites enhanced mechanical properties and curl‐shape recovery performance, with 20–25 wt.% cellulose achieving maximum recovery. When the PVA/cellulose solution is applied to natural hair, it effectively maintains the shape of curled hair bundles for at least 6 h under 80% humidity and promotes the hair shape recovery rate to 8–10%. Overall, The proposed humidity‐responsive PVA/cellulose composites present promising application potential in the field of hairstyling to withstand humid weather.
Development of Penroseite (Ni,Co)Se2 and Ti‐MXene Inks for Maximizing the Energy Density of Screen‐Printed Flexible Microsupercapacitor
Authors: Balan Balakrishnan , Narayanasamy Mugilan , Rajendra Saradh Prasad , AlSalhi Mohamad S. , Angaiah Subramania 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe push towards reducing the size of portable/wearable electronics, wireless sensors, and the Internet of Things (IoT's) needs a critical requirement of miniaturized energy storage solutions. Typically, micro‐supercapacitors (MSC's) are the main key factors of electrochemical energy storage systems for those miniaturized device applications. Herein, a scalable screen printable flexible microsupercapcitor with highly flexible architecture is developed using a Prussian blue derived 3D‐penroseite (Ni,Co)Se2 nanocubes as the positive electrode and Ti3C2Tx MXene as the negative electrode. As a result, the printed flexible device delivers an enhanced active electrochemical site and a high areal capacitance of 63 mF cm−2 with a broad working potential range of 1.0 V. Furthermore, the (Ni,Co)Se2 || Ti3C2Tx based flexible MSC (FMSC) offers a remarkable energy density of 8.75 µWh cm−2 at a power density of 0.5 mW cm−2, making it an excellent microscale energy storage system for small, portable, and wireless applications.
Harnessing Visible Light for the Synthesis of N‐Aryl Oxazolidines: Organocatalyzed Tandem Decarboxylation‐Cyclization
Authors: Udari Ganesh , Murugesh V. , Sabarinathan Nagaraj , Sridhar B. , Prakash Singh Surya 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHerein, we have developed an organophotocatalyzed, visible‐light mediated tandem decarboxylation‐cyclization method. The Eosin‐Y as organophotocatalyst drives photoredox tandem protocol to construct C−N, C−O, and C−C bonds in a single operation. The reaction mechanism proceeds through decarboxylation followed by amino alcohol intermediate formation from N‐arylglycine and formaldehyde followed by cyclization with another formaldehyde delivers N‐arylloxazolidine derivatives.
Brønsted‐Acid Mediated Synthesis of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Indolo[2,3‐a]carbazoles from Indoles and α‐Functionalized Ketones
Authors: Xu Teling , Huang Shanshan , Tan Linbo , Zhang Xueyan , Jiang Wengao , Luo Juan , Tang Qiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVarious symmetrical and unsymmetrical indolo[2,3‐a]carbazoles were synthesized in a one‐ or two‐step reaction using α‐haloketones and indoles. The developed methodology demonstrated controllable chemoselectivity and gram‐scale synthesis. Furthermore, this transformation was compatible with other α‐functionalized ketones, such as α‐hydroxy and α‐acetyloxy ketones, allowing for the formation of their corresponding indolocarbazoles. Additionally, our photochemical research has revealed that all the indolo[2,3‐a]carbazoles exhibited dual fluorescence, with the relative intensity varying depending on the solvent.
The Role of Vacancy Dynamics in Two‐Dimensional Memristive Devices
Authors: Spetzler Benjamin , Abdel Dilara , Schwierz Frank , Ziegler Martin , Farrell Patricio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTwo‐dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are promising memristive materials for neuromorphic computing systems. Despite extensive experimental work, the underlying switching mechanisms are still not understood, impeding progress in material and device functionality. This study reveals the dominant role of defect dynamics in the switching process of 2D TMDC materials. The switching process is governed by the formation and annihilation dynamics of a local vacancy depletion zone. It explains the distinct features of the device characteristics observed experimentally, including fundamentally different device behavior previously thought to originate from multiple mechanisms. Key influence factors are identified and discussed with a fully coupled and dynamic charge transport model for electrons, holes, and ionic point defects, including image‐charge‐induced Schottky barrier lowering (SBL). Thermal effects and local Joule heating are considered by coupling the transient heat transfer equation to the electronic properties. The model is validated with hysteresis and pulse measurements for various lateral 2D MoS2‐based devices, strongly corroborating the relevance of vacancy dynamics in TMDC devices and offering a new perspective on the switching mechanisms. The insights gained from this study can be used to extend the functional behavior of 2D TMDC memristive devices in future neuromorphic computing applications.
Decoding Internal Stress‐Induced Micro‐Short Circuit Events in Sulfide‐Based All‐Solid‐State Li‐Metal Batteries via Operando Pressure Measurements
Authors: Gu Jiabao , Chen Xiaoxuan , He Zhifeng , Liang Ziteng , Lin Ying , Shi Jingwen , Yang Yong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDespite the relatively low stiffness of sulfide solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs), which makes them capable of better formability and accommodation for volume changes of active materials, the low fracture toughness (KIC) indicates a high susceptibility to fracture caused by electrochemo‐mechanical stresses. This susceptibility to mechanical damages and the subsequent lithium filament penetration, manifesting as micro‐short circuit events, seriously hinders the practical application of lithium metal in high‐energy‐density sulfide‐based all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs). A full understanding of the stress evolution of Li metal anodes during cycling is key to decoding the mechanical damage‐induced micro‐short circuit behavior. Here, an operando and quantitative measurement of the stress evolution of an LTO/SSE/Li configuration all‐solid‐state battery (ASSB) operating with various parameters, including cell capacity and current density, is shown. Two micro‐short circuit modes and their corresponding mechanisms are revealed based on the electrochemo‐mechanical response of the Li metal anode. Furthermore, a finite element model (FEM) is used to explain this mechanical failure and a ′safety zone″ for the Li metal anode related to the ′internal stress″ is given. These findings provide new insight into the micro‐short circuit events induced by electrochemo‐mechanical damage in sulfide‐based ASSLMBs.
The impact of catastrophic events on the sex ratio at birth: A systematic review
Authors: Fontanesi Lilybeth , Verrocchio Maria Cristina , D'Ettorre Melissa , Prete Giulia , Ceravolo Francesco , Marchetti Daniela 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe impact of maternal stress on birth outcomes is well established in the scientific research. The sex ratio at birth (SRB), namely the ratio of male to female live births, shows significant alteration when mothers experience acute stress conditions, as proposed by the Trivers‐Willard Hypothesis. We aimed to synthetize the literature on the relationship between two exogenous and catastrophic stressful events (natural disasters and epidemics) and SRB.MethodsA systematic search was run in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, until March 9, 2023. The search produced 1336 articles and 25 articles met the inclusion criteria. We found seven case–control studies and 18 observational studies. Most of studies investigated the impact of earthquakes and other natural disasters. Only seven studies examined the effect of epidemics or pandemics.ResultsThe results of the studies seem inconsistent, as 16 studies found a decline in SRB, three found a rise, four did not record any change and two studies gave contradictory results. The period and population analyzed, the source of information, the method of variance analysis in the SRB, and the failure to assess confounding variables may have influenced the incongruence of the results.ConclusionOur findings contribute to improve the knowledge about the relationship between socio‐ecological factors and SRB. Future studies should investigate the mechanisms by which this relationship impacts public health, in particular the health of pregnant women and their newborn, through an accurate and consistent methodology that also includes confounding factors.
Uncovering Nitrosyl Reactivity at N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Center
Authors: Park Junbeom , Kim Jaelim , Jeong Gu Yoon , Kim Youngsuk , Lee Eunsung 
Published: November 2023

AbstractN‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have garnered much attention due to their unique properties, such as strong σ‐donating and π‐accepting abilities, as well as their transition‐metal‐like reactivity toward small molecules. In 2015, we discovered that NHCs can react with nitric oxide (NO) gas to form radical adducts that resemble transition metal nitrosyl complexes. To elucidate the analogy between NHC and transition metal NO adducts, here we have undertaken a systematic investigation of the electron‐ and proton‐transfer chemistry of [NHC−NO]⋅ (N‐heterocyclic carbene nitric oxide radical) compounds. We have accessed a suite of compounds, comprised of [NHC−NO]+, [NHC−NO]−, [NHC−NOH]0, and [NHC−NHOH]+ species. In particular, [NHC−NO]− was isolated as potassium and lithium ion adducts. Most interestingly, a monomeric potassium [NHC−NO]− compound was isolated with the assistance of 18‐crown‐6, which is the first instance of a monomeric alkali N‐oxyl compound to the best of our knowledge. Our results demonstrate that [NHC−NO]⋅ exhibits redox behavior broadly similar to metal nitrosyl complexes, which opens up more possibilities for utilizing NHCs to build on the known reactivity of metal complexes.
Insight into the Role of Fluoroethylene Carbonate on the Stability of Sb||Graphite Dual‐Ion Batteries in Propylene Carbonate‐Based Electrolyte
Authors: Yang Zhuo , Zhou Xun‐Zhu , Hao Zhi‐Qiang , Chen Jian , Li Lin , Zhao Qing , Lai Wei‐Hong , Chou Shu‐Lei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSodium dual‐ion batteries (Na‐DIBs) have attracted increasing attention due to their high operative voltages and low‐cost raw materials. However, the practical applications of Na‐DIBs are still hindered by the issues, such as low capacity and poor Coulombic efficiency, which is highly correlated with the compatibility between electrode and electrolyte but rarely investigated. Herein, fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) is introduced into the electrolyte to regulate cation/anion solvation structure and the stability of cathode/anode‐electrolyte interphase of Na‐DIBs. The FEC modulates the environment of PF6− solvation sheath and facilitates the interaction of PF6− on graphite. In addition, the NaF‐rich interphase caused by the preferential decomposition of FEC effectively inhibits side reactions and pulverization of anodes with the electrolyte. Consequently, Sb||graphite full cells in FEC‐containing electrolyte achieve an improved capacity, cycling stability and Coulombic efficiency. This work elucidates the underlying mechanism of bifunctional FEC and provides an alternative strategy of building high‐performance dual ion batteries.