bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Melatonin ameliorates PM2.5‐induced spermatogenesis disorder by preserving H3K9 methylation and SIRT3
Authors: Liu Jianhui , Zhao Moxuan , Dong Xiaomin , Zhang Yue , Xue Jinglong , Duan Junchao , Sun Zhiwei , Zhou Xianqing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere was a link between exposure to PM2.5 and male infertility. Melatonin has beneficial effects on the male reproductive processes. How PM2.5 caused spermatogenesis disturbance and whether melatonin could prevent PM2.5‐induced reproductive toxicity have remained unclear. The results showed that PM2.5 could inhibit the Nrf2‐mediated antioxidant pathway and distinctly increase the cell apoptosis in testes. Moreover, PM2.5 also perturbed the process of meiosis by modulating meiosis‐associated proteins such as γ‐H2AX and Stra8. Mechanistically, PM2.5 inhibited G9a‐dependent H3K9 methylation and SIRT3‐mediated p53 deacetylation, which consistent with decreased sperm count and motility rate in ApoE−/− mice. Further investigation revealed melatonin effectively alleviated PM2.5‐induced meiosis inhibition by preserving H3K9 methylation. Melatonin also alleviated PM2.5‐induced apoptosis by regulating SIRT3‐mediated p53 deacetylation. Overall, our study revealed PM2.5 resulted in spermatogenesis disorder by perturbing meiosis via G9a‐dependent H3K9 di‐methylation and causing cell apoptosis via SIRT3/p53 deacetylation pathway and provided promising insights into the protective role of melatonin in air pollution associated with male infertility.
Matrine suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma tumorigenesis by modulating circ_0055976/miR‐1179/lactate dehydrogenase A axis
Authors: Chang Xinfeng , Li Hongwei , Huang Zhengchun , Song Chunhua , Zhang Zhihua , Pan Wen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundMatrine has been identified to have anticancer activity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Circ_0055976 was highly expressed in HCC. Here, we investigated the function and relationship of Matrine and circ_0055976 in HCC tumorigenesis.MethodsCell proliferation and invasion were detected using Cell Counting Kit‐8, 5‐Ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (EdU), colony formation and transwell assays, respectively. Cell aerobic glycolysis was evaluated by detecting glucose consumption, lactate production, and the ratios of ATP/ADP. Levels of genes and proteins were detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. The target relationship between miR‐1179 and circ_0055976 or lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) was analyzed by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. The mouse xenograft model was established to conduct the in vivo assay.ResultsMatrine suppressed HCC cell proliferation, invasion and anaerobic glycolysis in vitro. Circ_0055976 was highly expressed in HCC tissues and cells, and was reduced by Matrine treatment. Moreover, overexpression of circ_0055976 reversed the anticancer effects of Matrine in HCC cells. Mechanistically, circ_0055976/miR‐1179/LDHA formed an axis. Circ_0055976 knockdown or miR‐1179 overexpression impaired HCC cell proliferation, invasion, and anaerobic glycolysis, which were reversed by miR‐1179 inhibition or LDHA overexpression. Meanwhile, forced expression of LDHA abolished the regulatory effects of Matrine on HCC cells. In the clinic, Matrine impeded HCC tumor growth in vivo, and this effect was boosted after circ_0055976 silencing.ConclusionMatrine suppressed HCC cell proliferation, invasion, and anaerobic glycolysis via circ_0055976/miR‐1179/LDHA axis, providing a new insight into the clinical application of Matrine in HCC treatment.
Anticancer effect of superoxide dismutase on canine mammary gland tumour in vitro
Authors: Ko Byung‐Gee , An Ju‐Hyun , Lee Jeong‐Hwa , Kim Kyeong‐Bo , Kim Tae‐Hyeon , Park Su‐Min , Chae Hyung‐Kyu , Youn Hwa‐Young 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundReactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to promote tumour growth and metastasis in human cell lines. The superoxide anion (•O2−) is produced during ROS formation and is involved in tumour cell signalling.ObjectivesSuperoxide dismutase (SOD) has been applied to canine mammary gland tumours to investigate its antitumour effects in vitro.MethodsCell proliferation, cell cycle cell migration assays, reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis were performed to determine the effects of SOD on canine mammary tumour cell line.ResultsSOD treatment resulted in anti‐proliferative effects and mediated cell cycle arrest in the canine mammary gland tumour cell lines (CIPp and CIPm). It also downregulated the expression of N‐cadherin and Vimentin.ConclusionsThe results confirmed that SOD inhibits tumour cell proliferation and migration, thus supporting the potential applications of SOD as a chemotherapeutic agent for canine mammary gland tumours.
Multispectral data mining: A focus on remote sensing satellite images
Authors: Lim Sin Liang , Sreevalsan‐Nair Jaya , Daya Sagar B. S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article gives a brief overview of various aspects of data mining of multispectral image data. We focus on specifically the remote sensing satellite images acquired using multispectral imaging (MSI), given the technology used across multiple knowledge domains, such as chemistry, medical imaging, remote sensing, and so on with a sufficient amount of variation. In this article, the different data mining processes are reviewed along with state‐of‐the‐art methods and applications. To study data mining, it is important to know how the data are acquired and preprocessed. Hence, those topics are briefly covered in the article. The article concludes with applications demonstrating the knowledge discovery from data mining, modern challenges, and promising future directions for MSI data mining research.This article is categorized under:
Application Areas > Science and Technology
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Knowledge Representation
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Big Data Mining
Characterizing a panel of amino acid auxotrophs under auxotrophic starvation conditions
Authors: Lewis Alisha G. , Carmichael Laurin , Wang Rebecca Y. , Gibney Patrick A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAuxotrophic strains starving for their cognate nutrient, termed auxotrophic starvation, are characterized by a shorter lifespan, higher glucose wasting phenotype, and inability to accomplish cell cycle arrest when compared to a “natural starvation,” where a cell is starving for natural environmental growth‐limiting nutrients such as phosphate. Since evidence of this physiological response is limited to only a subset of auxotrophs, we evaluated a panel of auxotrophic mutants to determine whether these responses are characteristic of a broader range of amino acid auxotrophs. Based on the starvation survival kinetics, the panel of strains was grouped into three categories—short‐lived strains, strains with survival similar to a prototrophic wild type strain, and long‐lived strains. Among the short‐lived strains, we observed that the tyrosine, asparagine, threonine, and aspartic acid auxotrophs rapidly decline in viability, with all strains unable to arrest cell cycle progression. The three basic amino acid auxotrophs had a survival similar to a prototrophic strain starving in minimal media. The leucine, tryptophan, methionine, and cysteine auxotrophs displayed the longest lifespan. We also demonstrate how the phenomenon of glucose wasting is limited to only a subset of the tested auxotrophs, namely the asparagine, leucine, and lysine auxotrophs. Furthermore, we observed pleiotropic phenotypes associated with a subgroup of auxotrophs, highlighting the importance of considering unintended phenotypic effects when using auxotrophic strains especially in chronological aging experiments.
Distributed region reaching consensus control for uncertain networked multi‐robot systems
Authors: Zhu Qi , Yang Weihua , Zhang Xiaohong , Gao Ben , Yu Jinwei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to advance the concept of region reaching control for a single robot to the study of region reaching consistency for uncertain fully‐actuated multi‐robot systems formulated by Lagrange dynamics. By introducing a directed network communication topology and utilizing the pinning‐like control methods, a distributed region reaching consensus control strategy is proposed. The desired region shape can be specified by selecting an appropriate potential objective function. A feature of the developed region reaching consensus algorithm is fully distributed, which is also an important generalization of pinning‐like set point tracking scheme based on the typical proportion‐integration‐differentiation control scheme. More importantly, the scope of consistency in this paper can be explicitly defined, which is different from traditional consistency control algorithms. Subsequently, numerical examples are presented to illustrate the performance of the designed controllers.
Introduction: Technological Competence and Social Change in a Spatial Perspective
Authors: Scheffer Jörg 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExamining the entrenched inequality of opportunity between privileged and disadvantaged segments of society from the vantage point of digitalisation is a matter of urgency. The promise of individual technological empowerment should have an impact on the entire society and provide especially those who are disadvantaged with new opportunities. This guiding question will be elaborated on in the following, highlighting the special relevance of a spatial perspective. With a view on the chapters following, the subsequent approach will be laid out.
Stratification, Socialisation and Space
Authors: Scheffer Jörg 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe social upheavals happening in Western countries through a drifting apart of society—creating a wealthy minority on the one hand and increasing insecurity on the other—carry a great potential for conflict especially when they seem to become structurally entrenched. Starting with the development and the causes of social inequality today, the process of social reproduction needs to be examined closely, the goal being a step-by-step comprehension of upward mobility in the internet age. To this end, the acquisition of knowledge and qualification (according to Pierre Bourdieu and Martina Löw, among others) must be put in the larger context of socialisation and its spatial contingency in order to be able to identify group-specific mechanisms of privilege and discrimination more thoroughly.
Recursive Spaces—Conclusion and Outlook
Authors: Scheffer Jörg 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis final chapter sums up the mechanisms of social stabilisation using a summary diagram, clearly highlighting again the three types of social reproduction (“ternary recursivity”) in the digital age presented in the study. The outlook summarises the changing spatial structures and raises the following question: Which strategies and demands could the identified losers of the digital transformation use for their purposes in a situation where their opportunity for social advancement is increasingly curtailed by the data economy?
Fazit: Die Hürden auf dem Weg zur gesamtgesellschaftlichen Sichtbarkeit der Tailings
Authors: Landherr Anna 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDas zentrale Ergebnis dieser Forschung ist, dass die gesellschaftliche Unsichtbarkeit der Tailings in Chile Resultat eines multidimensionalen multiskalaren Prozesses ist, durch den die Unsichtbarkeit der Tailings nicht nur in ihrer derzeitigen Ausprägung besteht, sondern auch immer wieder durch verschiedene Gegebenheiten, soziale Mechanismen und (in)actions der jeweils beteiligten Akteure hergestellt oder zumindest begünstigt wird. Die Betrachtung einzelner Faktoren, Akteure oder Ebenen erklärt zwar zum Teil die Unsichtbarkeit eines bestimmten Tailings oder Untersuchungsfalls, allerdings nicht die derzeitige Ausprägung der gesamtgesellschaftlichen Unsichtbarkeit der Tailings, als zu lösendes Umweltproblem in Chile. Daraus ist die Notwendigkeit entstanden durch die Berücksichtigung der jeweils spezifischen Faktoren und Akteure auf den unterschiedlichen Ebenen, ein Gesamtbild zu erstellen, das es ermöglicht, die Faktoren und Akteure einzeln zu identifizieren und darauffolgend deren Zusammenspiel, Überlappungen und Wechselwirkungen zu untersuchen.
Forschungsgegenstand: Der chilenische Bergbau und die schleichende Gewalt seiner Hinterlassenschaften
Authors: Landherr Anna 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Folgenden werden zuerst das chilenische Wirtschaftsmodell, seine neoliberale und extraktivistische Ausrichtung sowie seine sozial-ökologischen Konsequenzen dargestellt. Anschließend wird ausführlich die Rolle des Bergbaus in diesem Kontext dargelegt und auf die, durch diesen bedingte, Produktion großer Mengen an Tailings eingegangen, die die in dieser Forschung untersuchten slow violence Phänomene verursachen, um mit einem ersten Zwischenfazit zu enden. Anschließend werden kurz die Region Atacama, sowie die drei dieser Arbeit zugrundeliegenden Fallstudien vorgestellt.
Schleichende Gewalt – der Fall Pabellón
Authors: Landherr Anna 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDie kleine Ortschaft Pabellón liegt im Tal von Copiapó, im Herzen der nördlichen Region Atacama, nur 37 Kilometer von der gleichnamigen Regionalhauptstadt Copiapó entfernt und ist Teil der Gemeinde von Tierra Amarilla (zur Lage siehe Abbildung 4.1 in Kapitel 4). Auf den ersten Blick deutet nichts darauf hin, dass dieses Dorf eines der giftigsten historischen Tailingdeponien Chiles beherbergt (siehe auch Ureta 2016b). In Pabellón leben laut offiziellen Zahlen der Gemeinde von Tierra Amarilla 49 Personen (33 Männer und 16 Frauen).
Die Unsichtbarkeit des Offensichtlichen– der Fall Chañaral
Authors: Landherr Anna 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungChañaral ist eine Stadt im Nordwesten der Region Atacama, in der derzeit 13.543 Menschen leben. Die wichtigste Schnellstraße Chiles – die Ruta 5 –, welche das Land einmal von Norden bis Süden durchquert, führt mitten durch Chañaral. Von den durchreisenden Fahrzeugen hält allerdings, außer einigen LKW, kaum eines an.
Dynamics of null particles and shadow for general rotating black hole
Authors: Meng Kun , Fan Xi-Long , Li Song , Han Wen-Biao , Zhang Hongsheng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Johannsen black hole (BH) is a generic rotating BH admitting three constants of motions (energy, angular momentum, and Carter constant) and is characterized by four deviation parameters besides mass and spin, which could be a model-independent probe of the no-hair theorem. We systematically study the dynamics of null particles around Johannsen BH, revealing the effects of the deviation parameters on the BH shadow as well as the effects of spin. By using the shadow boundaries of M87* and SgrA*, for the first time, the deviation parameters of those BHs are constrained. The detailed results depend on the spin a and inclination angle θ0. Assuming a = 0.2 and θ0 = 15°, the deviation parameter α13 are constained within ~ [−3.5, 6] for M87* observation and [−3, 0.5] for SgrA* observation. We also show the images of a Johannsen BH surrounded by a Page-Thorne thin accretion disk observed by a remote observer with a ray-tracing method and discuss the effects of the deviation parameters on deforming the accretion disk image, which could be tested by observations with higher sensitivities in the future.
Resolving RD and $$ {\textrm{R}}_{{\textrm{D}}^{\ast }} $$ anomalies in adjoint SU(5)
Authors: Ismael A. , Khalil S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We investigate the RD and $$ {R}_{D^{\ast }} $$

R

D
∗

anomalies in the context of non-minimal SU(5), where Higgs sector is extended by adjoint 45-dimensional multiplet. One of the light spectrum of this model could be the scalar triplet leptoquark that is contained in this multiplet. We demonstrate that this particular scalar leptogquark mediation of the transition b → cτν is capable of simultaneously accounting for both RD and $$ {R}_{D^{\ast }} $$

R

D
∗

anomalies. We further emphasize that another Yukawa coupling controls its contribution to b → sℓ+ℓ−, ensuring that RK and $$ {R}_{K^{\ast }} $$

R

K
∗

remain consistent with the standard model predictions.
Double-copying self-dual Yang-Mills theory to self-dual gravity on twistor space
Authors: Borsten Leron , Jurčo Branislav , Kim Hyungrok , Macrelli Tommaso , Saemann Christian , Wolf Martin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We construct a simple Lorentz-invariant action for maximally supersymmetric self-dual Yang-Mills theory that manifests colour-kinematics duality. We also show that this action double-copies to a known action for maximally supersymmetric self-dual gravity. Both actions live on twistor space and illustrate nicely the homotopy algebraic perspective on the double copy presented in [1]. This example is particularly interesting as the involved Hopf algebra controlling the momentum dependence is non-commutative and suggests a generalisation to gauged maximally supersymmetric self-dual gravity.
Bootstrapping the chiral anomaly at large Nc
Authors: Ma Teng , Pomarol Alex , Sciotti Francesco 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The bootstrap approach (demanding consistency conditions to scattering amplitudes) has shown to be quite powerful to tightly constrain gauge theories at large Nc. We extend previous analysis to scattering amplitudes involving pions and external gauge bosons. These amplitudes allow us to access the chiral anomaly and connect low-energy physical quantities to UV properties of the theory. In particular, we are able to obtain an analytic bound on the chiral anomaly coefficient as a function of the pion dipole polarizabilities. This bound can be useful for holographic models whose dual UV completions are not known, and provide a consistency condition to lattice simulations.
Probing M-theory with tetrahedron instantons
Authors: Pomoni Elli , Yan Wenbin , Zhang Xinyu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The duality between type IIA superstring theory and M-theory enables us to lift bound states of D0-branes and n parallel D6-branes to M-theory compactified on an n-centered multi-Taub-NUT space $$ \mathbbm{TN} $$
TN
n. Accordingly, the rank n K-theoretic Donaldson-Thomas invariants of ℂ3 are connected with the index of M-theory on ℂ3 × $$ \mathbbm{TN} $$
TN
n. In this paper, we extend this connection by considering intersecting D6-branes. In the presence of a suitable Neveu-Schwarz B-field, the system preserves two supercharges. This system is T-dual to the configuration of tetrahedron instantons which we introduced in [1]. We conjecture a closed-form expression for the K-theoretic tetrahedron instanton partition function, which is the generating function of the D0-D6 partition functions. We find that the tetrahedron instanton partition function coincides with the partition function of the magnificent four model for special values of the parameters, leading us to conjecture that our system of intersecting D6-branes can be obtained from the annihilation of D8-branes and anti-D8-branes. Remarkably, the K-theoretic tetrahedron instanton partition function allows an interpretation in terms of the index of M-theory on a noncompact Calabi-Yau fivefold which is related to a superposition of Kaluza-Klein monopoles. The dimensional reduction of the system allows us to express the cohomological tetrahedron instanton partition function in terms of the MacMahon function, generalizing the correspondence between Gromov-Witten invariants and Donaldson-Thomas invariants for Calabi-Yau threefolds.
Optimum pattern of grounding grid by using closed-form solution based on optimized results
Authors: El-Refaie El-Sayed M. , Abd Elrahman M. K. , Mohamed M. Kh. , Tawfic Abd Elrahman S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFinding the optimum conductor’s pattern for unequally spaced grounding grids can be achieved by using empirical formulas or optimization techniques. Empirical formulas give an approximate solution depending on human experience and never cover the entire search space. On the other hand, the optimization techniques generally require a significant effort and time. To overcome the previous issues, this paper presents a closed-form solution based on optimized results. The main motivation behind this formula is the comprehensive study carried out by the authors to find optimum location of grounding grid conductors over different areas. In that work, particle swarm optimization technique (PSO) has been adapted with combined integration matrix method (CIMM) to facilitate the study. In this paper, the results obtained previously were summarized in the proposed formula. The proposed formula gives the optimum design of unequally grounding grids by specifying the conductor’s locations as percentage of the side length for square and rectangular shapes. As long as the side length and the number of conductors are given, the location of each conductor as a percentage of the side length can be obtained. The effect of adding driven rods and the stratified soil conditions on the results of the optimized design were investigated. The validity of the proposed closed-form solution was verified experimentally.
Noradrenergic regulation of cue-guided decision making and impulsivity is doubly dissociable across frontal brain regions
Authors: Chernoff Chloe S. , Hynes Tristan J. , Schumacher Jackson D. , Ramaiah Shrishti , Avramidis Dimitrios K. , Mortazavi Leili , Floresco Stan B. , Winstanley Catharine A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Rationale
Win-paired stimuli can promote risk taking in experimental gambling paradigms in both rats and humans. We previously demonstrated that atomoxetine, a noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, and guanfacine, a selective α2A adrenergic receptor agonist, reduced risk taking on the cued rat gambling task (crGT), a rodent assay of risky choice in which wins are accompanied by salient cues. Both compounds also decreased impulsive premature responding.

Objective
The key neural loci mediating these effects were unknown. The lateral orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which are highly implicated in risk assessment, action selection, and impulse control, receive dense noradrenergic innervation. We therefore infused atomoxetine and guanfacine directly into either the lOFC or prelimbic (PrL) mPFC prior to task performance.

Results
When infused into the lOFC, atomoxetine improved decision making score and adaptive lose-shift behaviour in males, but not in females, without altering motor impulsivity. Conversely, intra-PrL atomoxetine improved impulse control in risk preferring animals of both sexes, but did not alter decision making. Guanfacine administered into the PrL, but not lOFC, also altered motor impulsivity in all subjects, though in the opposite direction to atomoxetine.

Conclusions
These data highlight a double dissociation between the behavioural effects of noradrenergic signaling across frontal regions with respect to risky choice and impulsive action. Given that the influence of noradrenergic manipulations on motor impulsivity could depend on baseline risk preference, these data also suggest that the noradrenaline system may function differently in subjects that are susceptible to the risk-promoting lure of win-associated cues.