bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adventures in CH-Arylation Chemistry
Authors: Langer Peter 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe present article provides a personalized account on CH-arylation reactions employed for the synthesis of heterocycles. The presence of a nitro group allowed for direct and regioselective CH-arylations of pyrazoles, imidazoles, indoles and a variety of purine analogues. Direct CH-arylations without the presence of an activating nitro-group were employed for inter- and intramolecular reactions of purine derivatives, which allowed for the synthesis of a great variety of polycyclic systems. Domino C–N coupling / hydroamination / CH-activation reactions of diarylacetylenes with anilines allowed for the synthesis of polycondensated N-heterocycles. Products include indolo- and azaindolo[1,2-f]phenanthridines, quinolino[3′,4′:4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-f]phenanthridines, pyrimido[5′,4′:4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-f]phenanthridines, and benzothieno[2′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-f]phenanthridines. The reaction of N-heterocycles, such as indoles, with 1,1-difluoroalkenes resulted in a twofold addition-elimination reaction to give 1,1-diaminoalkenes, which were transformed by CH-arylation into various polycondensated heterocycles, such as indoloisoquinolines, thienoindolizines, oxepines and helicenes. Pyridofluoranthenes, diindenopyrene and azadiindenopyrenes were prepared by a combination of Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with acid-mediated cycloisomerizations and Pd-catalyzed intramolecular CH-arylations. Bis(carbazoles), benzodithiazoles, benzodithiophenes and 2,5-diarylpyrroles were prepared by inter- and intramolecular CH-arylation reactions.
Financial Toxicity in Breast Reconstruction: The Role of the Surgeon-Patient Cost-of-Care Discussion
Authors: Baglien Brigit D. , Ganesh Kumar Nishant , Berlin Nicholas L. , Hawley Sarah T. , Jagsi Reshma , Momoh Adeyiza O. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe financial burden of breast cancer treatment and reconstruction is a significant concern for patients. Patient desire for preoperative cost-of-care counseling while navigating the reconstructive process remains unknown. A cross-sectional survey of women from the Love Research Army was conducted. An electronic survey was distributed to women over 18 years of age and at least 1 year after postmastectomy breast reconstruction. Descriptive statistics and multivariable modeling were used to determine desire for and occurrence of cost-of-care discussions, and factors associated with preference for such discussions. Secondary outcomes included the association of financial toxicity with desire for cost discussions. Among 839 women who responded, 620 women (74.1%) did not speak to their plastic surgeon and 480 (57.4%) did not speak to a staff member regarding costs of breast reconstruction. Of the 550 women who reported it would have been helpful to discuss costs, 315 (57.3%) were not engaged in a financial conversation initiated by a health care provider. A greater proportion of women who reported financial toxicity, compared to those who did not, would have preferred to discuss costs with their plastic surgeon (65.2% vs. 43.5%, p < 0.001) or a staff member (75.5% vs. 59.3%, p < 0.001). Among women with financial toxicity, those who had some form of insurance (private, Medicaid, Medicare, “other”) were significantly more likely to prefer a cost-of-care discussion (p < 0.001, p = 0.02, p = 0.05, p = 0.01). Financial discussions about the potential costs of breast reconstruction seldom occurred in this national cohort. Given the reported preference and unmet need for financial discussions by a majority of women, better cost transparency and communication is needed.
Management of Neuropathic Pain with Neurectomy Combined with Dermal Sensory Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (DS-RPNI)
Authors: Hespe Geoffrey E. , Brown David L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNeuropathic pain affects a large percentage of the U.S. population and leads to tremendous morbidity. Numerous nonsurgical and surgical treatments have been utilized to try and manage neuropathic pain with varying degrees of success. Recent research investigating ways to improve prosthetic control have identified new mechanisms for preventing neuromas in both motor and sensory nerves with free muscle and dermal grafts, respectively. These procedures have been used to treat chronic neuropathic pain in nonamputees, as well, in order to reduce failure rates found with traditional neurectomy procedures. Herein, we focus our attention on Dermal Sensory-Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interfaces (DS-RPNI, free dermal grafts) which can be used to physiologically “cap” sensory nerves following neurectomy and have been shown to significantly decrease neuropathic pain.
Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface Surgery for the Management of Chronic Posttraumatic Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Lee Jennifer C. , Kemp Stephen W.P. , Kung Theodore A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChronic pain resulting from peripheral nerve injury remains a common issue in the United States and affects 7 to 10% of the population. Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (RPNI) surgery is an innovative surgical procedure designed to treat posttraumatic neuropathic pain, particularly when a symptomatic neuroma is present on clinical exam. RPNI surgery involves implantation of a transected peripheral nerve into an autologous free muscle graft to provide denervated targets to regenerating axons. RPNI surgery has been found in animal and human studies to be highly effective in addressing postamputation pain. While most studies have reported its uses in the amputation patient population for the treatment of neuroma and phantom limb pain, RPNI surgery has recently been used to address refractory headache, postmastectomy pain, and painful donor sites from the harvest of neurotized flaps. This review summarizes the current understanding of RPNI surgery for the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain.
Nonadherence of Polyurethane Implants: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Batiukov Dmitry , Podgaiski Vladimir 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Biointegration of polyurethane (PU) implants providing their stable position years after surgery ensures predictable results of breast augmentation and reconstruction almost eliminating implant factor as a cause of complications. However, in rare cases PU implants appear to be not connected to the surrounding tissues. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of PU implant nonadherence after primary breast augmentations and augmentation mastopexies with dual plane implant position, to analyze possible causes, and to propose preventive measures and treatment possibilities of this complication.
Methods The results of primary aesthetic surgeries in 333 patients with dual plane PU implant placement were analyzed. Patients were evaluated clinically, and pictures and videos taken in different periods after the surgery were compared. Particular attention was given to the changes in implant position and the appearance of asymmetries over time.
Results PU implant nonadherence was found in seven patients. It can be divided into primary and secondary and may be complete or partial. Primary nonadherence was found in two cases (0.6%), and secondary in five (1.5%) cases. Possible influencing factors could have been traumatic surgical technique, seroma, hematoma, or physical trauma. The average follow-up was 33 months (1 month–15 years).
Conclusion Biointegration is mandatory for the long-term predictable results with PU implants. PU implant nonadherence leads to implant malposition and may cause typical complications connected to non-PU implants. Improvements in surgical maneuvers, manufacturing process, and weight reduction of the implant may be beneficial for the stability of the results.
Level of Evidence V
Soft magnetic properties of Fe-Ni powder cores in the high frequency range
Authors: Nguyen Mai Phuong , Yoshida Shigeyoshi , Okamoto Satoshi , Muroga Sho , Miyazaki Takamichi , Endo Yasushi 
Published: January 2024

Fe-Ni cores are excellent candidates for switching regulator inductors, transformers, reactors and in-line noise filters. Herein the influence of the phenol binder content on the microstructure and magnetic properties of Fe-50 wt% Ni powder cores in the high frequency range is investigated. Regardless of the binder content, all cores form a disordered A1 phase. The saturation magnetization (4πMs) and initial permeability increase as the binder content decreases. The core with a binder content of 0.5 wt% shows a relatively high 4πMs of 1.38 T and the highest permeability value of 70.9. Moreover, the total core loss (Pcv) with frequency ranges from 5 kHz to 1 MHz under a magnetic flux density of 10 mT depending on the binder content. A binder content of 3.0 wt% significantly reduces Pcv in the high frequency range above 100 kHz. At a frequency of 500 kHz, the Pcv values are 154.9, 128.7, and 133.8 kW/m3 for the cores with binder contents of 0.3, 0.5, and 1.0 wt%, respectively, but the value drastically decreases to 60.5 kW/m3 for a binder content of 3.0 wt%. Thus, the binder, which acts as an insulator layer between particles, affects the eddy current and consequently, Pcv. These results demonstrate that Fe-Ni powder cores exhibit excellent soft magnetic properties at various frequencies and suggest that a binder content of 3.0 wt% may realize optimal properties for future high frequency applications.
Remarks on the syntax of bare nouns in Papiamentu
Authors: López Luis , Laanen Rodi , Pouw Charlotte , Parafita Couto M. Carmen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article presents an argument that bare (singular) nouns in Papiamentu include additional silent functional
structure, as proposed in Kester and Schmitt (2007). The argument is based on
Dutch-Papiamentu code-switched noun phrases and exploits the crucial datum that a Dutch bare noun is grammatical when inserted in
a Papiamentu sentence, although bare nouns are ungrammatical in a Dutch unilingual sentence. We propose that this datum can be
accounted for if the Dutch bare noun is the complement of a silent Papiamentu category, D or Num. The locus of cross-linguistic
variation that yields the (un)acceptability of bare nouns is a property in D or Num.
Photo-excited separated tuning for the frequency and magnitude of dual-band absorption in the terahertz regime
Authors: Wang Shiyang , Zhu Wenchang , Jiang Huan , Dong Huafeng , Zhao Weiren 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introducing tuning materials into metasurfaces is a crucial development trend for dynamic nanodevices. In this paper, we achieve the separate tuning for the frequency and magnitude of dual-band absorption in a photo-excited metasurface in the terahertz regime. By tuning the conductivity of the embedded photo-excited silicon, the two absorption peaks shift by 0.33 THz and switch to zero from near unity, respectively. In contrast, the absorption spectrum of x-polarized waves shows insensitivity to the variation of silicon conductivity. The LC equivalent circuit model is used to demonstrate the resonance frequencies of absorption peaks, which agree well with simulation results. This photo-excited Si based metasurface has wide potential applications in dynamic terahertz devices, such as modulators and frequency selectors.
Triple-band and polarization-insensitive rectifying metasurface with flexible substrate
Authors: Gui Haihao , Xie Haipeng , Deng Lianwen , Huang Shengxiang , Qiu Lei-Lei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A flexible triple-band and polarization-insensitive rectifying metasurface (RMS) is presented in this article. The surface consists of three parts: a periodic metal unit with integrated diodes, a DC filter composed of series inductor and parallel capacitor, and a load resistor. Due to the direct integration of rectifying diodes and interconnected branches within and between the units, complex matching networks can be eliminated and the overall structure is simplified. A 6 × 6 array is fabricated and measured. The results show that at a low input power of 0 dBm, the RMS has efficiency of 51.81%, 44.25%, and 42.01% at 2.9 GHz, 5.2 GHz, and 5.77 GHz, respectively. The efficiency remains consistent under different polarization angles, demonstrating the polarization insensitivity property of RMS. Additionally, the flexible substrate enables high efficiency in the S-band and Wi-Fi bands even under a certain range of bending, revealing its superior flexibility and adaptability. Therefore, it is well suited for ambient energy harvesting and wireless self-powered miniaturized internet of things devices.
Neutrino oscillations as a single Feynman diagram
Authors: Kovalenko S , Šimkovic F 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We propose an approach to neutrino oscillations in vacuum, based on quantum field theory (QFT). The neutrino emission and detection are identified with the charged-current vertices of a single second-order Feynman diagram for the underlying process, enclosing neutrino propagation between these two points. The key point of the presented approach is the definition of the space-time setup typical for neutrino oscillation experiments, implying macroscopically large but finite volumes of the source and detector separated by a sufficiently large distance L. We derive an L-dependent master formula for the charged lepton production rate, which provides the QFT basis for the analysis of neutrino oscillations. This formula depends on the underlying process and is not reducible to the conventional approach resorting to the concept of neutrino oscillation probability, which originates from non-relativistic quantum mechanics. We demonstrate that for some particular choice of the underlying process the derived master formula approximately coincides with the conventional one under some assumptions. In support to presented approach we show that it provides the QFT framework not only for neutrino–neutrino but also neutrino-antineutrino oscillations. It is also argued that the proposed formalism allows us to consistently incorporate medium effects, when neutrinos oscillate in dense matter.
Resonant x-ray diffraction measurements in charge ordered kagome superconductors KV3Sb5 and RbV3Sb5
Authors: Scagnoli Valerio , Riddiford Lauren J , Huang Shih Wen , Shi You-Guo , Tu Zhijun , Lei Hechang , Bombardi Alessandro , Nisbet Gareth , Guguchia Zurab 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We report on (resonant) x-ray diffraction experiments on the normal state properties of kagome-lattice superconductors KV3Sb5 and RbV3Sb5. We have confirmed previous reports indicating that the charge density wave (CDW) phase is characterized by a doubling of the unit cell in all three crystallographic directions. By monitoring the temperature dependence of Bragg peaks associated with the CDW phase, we ascertained that it develops gradually over several degrees, as opposed to CsV3Sb5, where the CDW peak intensity saturates promptly just below the CDW transition temperature. Analysis of symmetry modes indicates that this behavior arises due to lattice distortions linked to the formation of CDWs. These distortions occur abruptly in CsV3Sb5, while they progress more gradually in RbV3Sb5 and KV3Sb5. In contrast, the amplitude of the mode leading to the crystallographic symmetry breaking from

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to Fmmm appears to develop more gradually in CsV3Sb5 as well. Diffraction measurements close to the V K edge and the Sb L1 edge show no sensitivity to inversion- or time-symmetry breaking, which are claimed to be associated with the onset of the CDW phase. The azimuthal angle dependence of the resonant diffraction intensity observed at the Sb L1 edge is associated with the difference in the population of unoccupied states and the anisotropy of the electron density of certain Sb ions.
Propagation of uncertainty for an epipole-dependent model for convergent stereovision structure computation
Authors: Ezebili Ifeanyi F , Schreve Kristiaan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
An analytic model incorporating stereo epipoles is proposed for structure computation using a convergent stereovision setup. The developed model is predicated on the image parameters of both CCD camera sensors, together with two extrinsic parameters, namely the stereo baseline distance and the stereo projection angle of the scene point of interest. In the model, the points on the image planes are measured relative to the principal points, stereo epipoles are featured, and only focal length-normalized camera sensor coordinates are required for structure computation. The reconstruction model could be employed in active vision-based metrology in which the stereo imaging cameras are systematically rotated about their vertical axes relative to each other. The performance of the model is studied, and its accuracy tested by comparing the 3-space coordinates it predicted to the those obtained by a gold standard triangulation and to the ground truth results. In terms of execution speed the proposed reconstruction model exhibited a computation time of 0.6 ms compared to 6.2 ms and 9.9 ms recorded for the direct linear transformation and gold standard triangulation algorithms respectively. The coordinate measurement uncertainties determined by experimental methods are subsequently compared with those obtained by a theoretical approach based on the analytic reconstruction model. Strong correlations were found to exist between the two sets of uncertainty values obtained.
A visual measurement method of grinding surface roughness based on aliasing region index and neural network
Authors: Zhang Huijuan , Yang Zhechen , Qiu Zhehang , Chen Biao , Fu Yuanyuan , Zhan Jianming 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Most existing vision-based roughness measurements primarily rely on statistical information from grayscale images or intensity information from color images. However, the structural information of images has not been fully and effectively utilized. To more accurately measure the roughness of grinding surfaces, a visual measurement method of grinding surface roughness based on aliasing region index and neural network is proposed. Firstly, color images of grinding surface are obtained under red and green illumination. Secondly, aliasing regions of red and green images are extracted through fuzzy clustering segmentation and morphological processing. Then the aliasing width and the aliasing dispersion of aliasing region can be calculated as indices for roughness measurement. Thirdly, the relationship model between aliasing region index and grinding surface roughness is constructed using the back propagation (BP) neural network. The results demonstrate that the aliasing dispersion index has a better correlation with grinding surface roughness than the aliasing width index. The method based on the aliasing dispersion index and BP neural network is feasible and accurate for grinding surface roughness measurement.
Domain adaptation with domain specific information and feature disentanglement for bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Xie Shaozhang , Xia Peng , Zhang Hanqi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Collecting bearing fault signals from several rotating machines or under varied operating conditions often results in data distribution offset. Furthermore, the newly obtained data is typically unlabelled. When intricate confounding aspects of data distribution across several domains are present, achieving desired outcomes through straightforward transfer learning techniques becomes challenging. This research presents a new framework, the domain-specific invariant adversarial network, which combines the principles of domain-invariant representation learning and feature de-entanglement to solve the challenge at hand. This framework uses domain-specific information as an auxiliary training tool and employs the data generation process to transfer labelled source domain data to the target domain. The aim of this approach is to uncover potential information components and improve the model’s ability to acknowledge patterns. The study showcases the method’s strong diagnostic capability by conducting experimental analysis on four fault datasets.
Toward quantitative intrafractional monitoring in paraspinal SBRT using a proprietary software application: clinical implementation and patient results
Authors: Fan Qiyong , Pham Hai , Li Xiang , Zhang Pengpeng , Zhang Lei , Fu Yabo , Huang Bohong , Li Cindy , Cuaron John , Cerviño Laura , Moran Jean M. , Li Tianfang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective. We report on paraspinal motion and the clinical implementation of our proprietary software that leverages Varian’s intrafraction motion review (IMR) capability for quantitative tracking of the spine during paraspinal SBRT. The work is based on our prior development and analysis on phantoms. Approach. To address complexities in patient anatomy, digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRR’s) that highlight only the spine or hardware were constructed as tracking reference. Moreover, a high-pass filter and first-pass coarse search were implemented to enhance registration accuracy and stability. For evaluation, 84 paraspinal SBRT patients with sites spanning across the entire vertebral column were enrolled with prescriptions ranging from 24 to 40 Gy in one to five fractions. Treatments were planned and delivered with 9 IMRT beams roughly equally distributed posteriorly. IMR was triggered every 200 or 500 MU for each beam. During treatment, the software grabbed the IMR image, registered it with the corresponding DRR, and displayed the motion result in near real-time on auto-pilot mode. Four independent experts completed offline manual registrations as ground truth for tracking accuracy evaluation. Main results. Our software detected ≥1.5 mm and ≥2 mm motions among 17.1% and 6.6% of 1371 patient images, respectively, in either lateral or longitudinal direction. In the validation set of 637 patient images, 91.9% of the tracking errors compared to manual registration fell within ±0.5 mm in either direction. Given a motion threshold of 2 mm, the software accomplished a 98.7% specificity and a 93.9% sensitivity in deciding whether to interrupt treatment for patient re-setup. Significance. Significant intrafractional motion exists in certain paraspinal SBRT patients, supporting the need for quantitative motion monitoring during treatment. Our improved software achieves high motion tracking accuracy clinically and provides reliable guidance for treatment intervention. It offers a practical solution to ensure accurate delivery of paraspinal SBRT on a conventional Linac platform.