bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Adding Different Concentrations of Olevera Extract on the Microbial and Sensory Characteristics of Manufactured Yogurt During Storage Periods
Authors: Khalel Angham Munther , Salih Ghazwan Mahdy , Al-Janabi Ahmed Muhsin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Current study aims to know the effect of adding different concentrations of Olevera extract on the microbial and sensory characteristics of the manufactured yogurt. Microbial tests were conducted that included (total number of bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, coliform yeasts and molds) as well as sensory evaluation including (color, flavor, freshness, taste and general acceptance). Where it is noted that the total number of bacteria increased with the increase of Olevera extract, while the number of lactic acid bacteria decreased with the increase in Olevera concentrations, and the number of coliforms decreased with the increase of Olevera extract, Olevera completely inhibits yeasts and molds, as no growth was detected during the experiment obtained on the Olevera extract, and the results of the sensory evaluation showed that the Olevera extract did not have a negative effect on the sensory properties of yogurt with regard to the concentrations used in the experiment compared with the control group, as the Olevera extract did not affect It had a significant effect on the characteristics of flavor, texture and general acceptability in low concentrations, while its results recorded a significant effect on color and freshness. These results are consistent with the results of samples obtained after storage, as the study helped to improve microbial characteristics by increasing the main microbial concentrations of made yogurt, as well as improving the characteristics Sensuality of lab-grown yogurt.
A study of the Chemical Composition, Vitamins and Minerals of Four Varieties of Raisins
Authors: Maki Rawan Raad , Yasin Sabraa Saad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to use four varieties of raisins (Iraqi, Turkish, Indian, and American). The chemical analysis showed that the American variety had a higher percentage of moisture and protein than the other two (26.30 and 16.68 percent, respectively), while the Indian variety had a higher percentage of ash and fiber (2.1 and 4.6 percent, respectively). The Turkish variety stood out for its higher fat content (1.2 percent), and the Iraqi variety had a higher carbohydrate content (67.86 percent). As for estimating the percentage of total vitamins (vitamin C and water-soluble vitamins group B), the results of estimating vitamin C in raisins showed the following results for the four varieties (2.99 mg / 100 g; 5.48 mg / 100 g; 7.60 mg / 100 g; 7.15 mg / 100 g), respectively, and the values of vitamin B group (B1 -- B2 - B3) in the four types of raisins, which were estimated using the HPLC device. 0.47 mg/100 g and 0.42 mg/100 g, respectively. The results of estimating the mineral elements (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Fe) in the four raisin varieties showed that the potassium element K was recorded at the level of Potential 5% high ratios compared to the rest of the other elements, where the highest value was recorded for the Turkish variety (235 mg per 100 g) and the lowest value for the Iraqi variety (218 mg per 100 g). It was the highest value in the American variety and the lowest value in the Iraqi variety. As for calcium Ca, we note that it had the highest value in the American variety (46.02 mg per 100 g) and the lowest value in the Iraqi variety (39.05 mg per 100 g). While we find that the Iraqi and Turkish varieties recorded consecutive values for the Iraqi Mg element (19.05 mg/100 g), the Turkish (20.04 mg/100 g), as well as the Indian (22.09 mg/100 g), and the American (23.06 mg/100 g), As for the copper element Cu, we find that its value for the American variety (2.25 mg/100 g) recorded the highest values, and the Iraqi variety (1.22 mg/100 g) recorded the lowest values. As for the element manganese, Mn, it recorded low percentages in all varieties compared to the rest of the other elements. And for the iron element Fe, we note that the Indian variety (2.72 mg/100 g) has outperformed the other three varieties. As for the element Zn, we find its value in the Iraqi, Turkish, Indian, and American varieties. Significant differences were recorded between the varieties, as the highest value was recorded for the American variety (2.42 mg/100 g) and the lowest value for the Iraqi variety (1.17 mg/100 g).
The Influence of Adding Banana Peel Powder on the Quality of Pan Bread
Authors: Shammari Bushra B. J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study’s objective was to show how nutritious banana peel powder. Moreover, to use BPP as a cheap alternative to wheat flour in bread. The results of BPP at different concentrations (0,2,6 and 10%), as well as the sensory qualities of bread. The BPP is also regarded as a beneficial protein source (7.6%), ash (9.66%) and.. Physical and chemical characteristics of bread made by partially replacing wheat flour with banana peel powder were examined. It has been established that banana peel contains a significant amount of nutrients which should not be disregarded or squandered. banana peel can become a value-added product in the food sector by being processed into powder. The powder’s flowability declines. banana peel was discovered to have a high tapped density 0.41 g/ml, and Carr’s Index 14.21 %, pH value was 6.15. This powder was high in total dietary fiber 17.99 %. Additionally, functional properties of this powder were high, the water-holding capacity 6g/g, oil-holding capacity 3.4g/g and swelling capacity 15.33 ml/g. As a result, this study showed that the ripe banana peel powder has a chance to be used as a functional food ingredient. It is advised that BPP be utilized up to 6 % to complement and enhance the qualitative qualities of bread as a result of this research at a level that has several health advantages. numerous dishes gain nutritional value from the banana peel. banana peels as a cheap and abundant source, utilization, and enrichment of nutrients.
Effect of Fortifying Sunflower Oil with Different Levels of Turmeric Powder and Studying its Physicochemical Properties
Authors: Rajab Zena M. , Kareem Abdulkareem A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Turmeric powder was added to sunflower oil at different concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6)%. The oil was stored for 21 days at a temperature of 60 °C for the purpose of studying the physicochemical properties of the oil. The viscosity was the highest value (65.46) centipedes for the sample fortified with 6% turmeric in the period (21) days, and the lowest value for the control sample was (65.46) centipedes in the period (21) days. It was found that the highest refractive index value was found in the control sample, which amounted to 1.497 during a period of (21) days, while the lowest value of the refractive index was in the 2% sample fortified with turmeric, and amounted to 1.465, a day during a period of (21) days. While the highest concentration of the density was (0.855) g. / cm for the 6% sample fortified with turmeric in the period (21) days, while the lowest concentration of the control sample was (803.0) g / cm in the period (21) days. Also, the highest pH value was (3.85) mg / potassium hydroxide / gm at the 21-day period for the control sample, and the lowest concentration for the 2% sample supported with turmeric was (1.25) mg / potassium hydroxide / gm at the 21-day period. While the highest value of the iodine number for the 6% sample fortified with turmeric was (125.52) in the period (0) days, and the lowest value of the iodine number for the control sample of sunflower oil was (110.63) during the period (21) days. While the highest value of the peroxide number for the control sample was (5.53) mg / potassium hydroxide / gm in the period (21) days, and the lowest value for the 2% sample fortified with turmeric was (3.15) mg / potassium hydroxide / gm in the period (21) days. It was observed that the highest level of saponification number in the control sample amounted to (214.60) mg / potassium hydroxide / g during storage periods (21 days) and the lowest value of the saponification number in the 2% sample fortified with turmeric when it reached (191.04) mg / potassium hydroxide / g during the storage period. (21 days. It was found that the highest value of thiobarbituric acid for the control sample was (4.53) mmaldehyde/kg oil in the period of (21) days, while the lowest value was for the 2% sample fortified with turmeric, as it amounted to (2.37) mmaldehyde/kg oil in the period (21) days.
Partial Purification, Characterization of Protease Extract from Ginger and its Effect on lipid profile and Liver Function
Authors: Abbas Ayat Adnan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A ginger rhizome from the local market, Zingiber officinale var. Bentong, was used to extract protease. The activity of the protease was estimate during the extraction, the effects of pH and stabilizer were investigated. The best conditions were found to be a buffer of sodium phosphate, pH 7, 10 mM cysteine, and 5 mM EDTA as stabilizer. During the extraction process, 1% of crude ginger protease (GP) yield with a specific activity of 198 U/mg protein was generated. The protease functioned best at a pH of 7.0 and 60 °C, respectively. The effect of partially purified ginger protease on cholesterol (lipid profile) and liver function in mice was investigated.
Impact of Lepidium meyenii Roots Addition on Reproductive Hormones and Some Productive Traits in Awassi Male Lambs
Authors: Qasim Najwan A. , Al-Abbasi Hasan Hadi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of addition of black Maca (Lepidium meyenii) roots powder on luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, thyroxine and growth hormone (GH) concentrations, and some productive traits like body weight and body condition score (BCS) in Awassi lambs. In this study, 32 Awassi male lambs 8-month-olds were divided randomly into two treatment groups (16 lambs each): first group lambs were fed basal ration plus 1g/head/day of black Maca roots powder (T1), while the second group lambs were fed basal ration only (T2), the duration of study was two months. Results revealed that LH, FSH, testosterone and GH concentrations were higher (P ≤ 0.05) in lambs fed black Maca roots powder than those fed basal ration only. Furthermore, body weight, and body condition score (BCS) in lambs fed black Maca roots powder were higher (P ≤ 0.05) than in those fed basal ration only. In conclusion, addition of black Maca roots powder improved reproductive hormone concentrations as well as growth hormone concentrations and enhanced body weight in Awassi male lambs.
Survey of some Fish Species from Different Localities in Baghdad
Authors: Ghazwan Muhammad I. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study is concerned with a survey of seven species belonging to seven genera under two families and two orders found in some different areas of the Tigris River, especially since these areas have not been surveyed for a long time, and an attempt to identify the existing species at the present time after the recent water scarcity of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and all water bodies interior of Iraq and the impact of this scarcity on the fish diversity found in some areas of the Tigris River in Baghdad.
Detecting Polymorphisms of Mutation (C327T) rs 417415931 of Gene Foxo3 and its Associations with Reproductive Performance of Awassi Sheep
Authors: Ibadi Nahedh Hamzah , Senkal Riath Hamad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The experimental samples for the current study included 45 sheep of the local Awassi breed, whose ages ranged between (2-4) years. These ewes produced 54 newborns, and their ages ranged from birth to the sixth month, and for the period from 1/2/2022 to 25/6/2022. The experiment was conducted. For this study, the field side was carried out at the Al-Fayhaa cow farm and station of the Directorate of Agriculture of Babylon / Ministry of Agriculture. As for the laboratory side, laboratory analyzes were conducted in the laboratories of the Scientific Advancement Company specialized in molecular genetics for the period from 1/5/2022 to 6/20/2022. With the aim of isolating the substance GeneticsDNA and the effect of the genetic morphology of the 417415931 (C327T) rs mutation and the study of the relationship of this genetic morphology with the productive traits represented in daily milk production (DMY), milk components, growth traits for lambs, traits related to maternal body dimensions, live weight of mothers and type of birth. This mutation was found in the plot. Studied with a molecular size of 365 bp) from exon number 2 for the Foxo3 gene, through the DNA nucleotide sequencing technique. This mutation produced three genotypes (CC, CT, and TT), with distribution ratios of (2.28, 36.36, 61.36)% sequentially, and the variance between these ratios was highly significant (p≤0.01), and the allelic frequency was (0.20, 0.80) for each of the C and T alleles. Respectively. It was found that the effect of the genotypes of the Foxo3 gene was not significant in the studied traits, as the ratios were close between the genotypes produced by the wild, the hybrid, and the pure genotype. It can be concluded from the results of this study not to rely on this mutation formed by the Foxo3 gene, and to adopt it as a genetic marker to improve productive traits or genital.
Tribulus terrestris Seeds’ Effects on some Physiological Blood Characteristics and some Reproductive Hormones of Awassi Lambs
Authors: Qasim Najwan A. , Al-Abbasi Hasan Hadi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to determine the impact supplementing powdered Tribulus terrestris (T.T.) seeds on the Red Blood Cells (RBCs) and white blood cells (WBCs) number and hemoglobin (HB), total protein (TP), triglyceride (TG), albumin (ALB) and globulin (GLOB)} levels in the blood, and concentration of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and Testosterone in Awassi lambs. In this study, 32 male Awassi lambs 8-month-old were randomly divided into two groups (each group contains 16 animals). The first group (T1) was given a basal ration plus 3 grams of powdered T.T. seeds per animal per day, while the second group (T2) was given a basal ration only. The period of study was two months. The results revealed that there was a significant effect (P ≤0.05) for (T1) on (T2) in the number of RBCs and HB concentration, also, the results showed that T1greater than T2 in FSH, LH and testosterone concentrations in the blood.
Evaluation of the Addition of Different Percentages of Gum Arabic Powder (Acacia Senegal) to Diets on the Productive Performance of Ross 308 Broilers
Authors: Al-Fahad Mohammed Essa Abd , Al-Mashhdani H. Essa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Over the course of 35 days (“from 11/21/2021 to 12/25/2021”), 150 day-old, unsexed Ross 308 broiler chicks were used in an experiment conducted in the poultry field of the College of Agriculture at the University of Karbala to determine the effects of varying percentages of gum arabic powder (Acacia Senegal) added to the diet of broiler chickens on certain productive characteristics. Five treatments were used, with three replicates of ten chicks per treatment, and gum arabic was included in the diet beginning on day one. T1 = No-addition therapy control, T2: gum arabic added at a rate of 2.5 gm per kilogram of feed, T3: 4.5 gm per kilogram of feed, T4: 6.5 gm per kilogram of feed, and T5: 8.5 gm per kilogram of feed. Food conversion coefficient improved for different weeks in the experiment compared to the remainder of the experimental and control coefficients, and average body weight and weight gain increased considerably (P<0.05) under the treatment of adding 6.5 mg of gum arabic / kg feed.
The Influence of Feeding a Moringa Oleifera Leaf Aqueous Extract on the Biochemical Attributes of the Lohmann Brown Rooster Breed
Authors: Jaber Ahmad Saadi , Ali Emad Abd Al-Jabbar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This experiment was conducted at the Department of Animal Production in the Faculty of Agriculture at Al-Qasim Green University from December 8, 2022, to February 15, 2023. It lasted for 10 weeks and aimed to see what effect, if any, different concentrations of an aqueous extract of the leaves of the Moringa Oleifera plant had on the reproductive and physiological qualities and the hatching and fertilisation rates of rooster breeders of the laying hen. An aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves can be added to 20 ml of drinking water to improve its nutritional value, while 40 ml of extract can be used to improve the nutritional value of 1 litre of water. A 60 ml dose of Moringa Oleifera leaf aqueous extract per litre of drinking water is recommended for the fourth treatment, while an 80 ml dose is recommended for the fifth. There were no statistically significant differences between the treatments for the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and the findings revealed an increase at the level (P0.05) in the LH hormone in the fifth treatment compared to the control treatment (T1) and the other addition treatments. A comparison of the testosterone levels between Treatment 1 (control) and the other supplementary Treatments indicated that Treatment 4 produced significantly higher levels of testosterone (P0.01). Malondialdehyde (MDA) enzyme levels were found to be significantly lower in the fourth treatment compared to the control treatmenT1 and the rest of the supplementary treatments, with the third and fifth treatments also showing significant superiority over the control treatmenT1 and the second treatment (P0.05 for both comparisons).
The Nature of the Composition of the Fish Community in One of the Drains of Al-Alam District – Salah Al-Din – Iraq
Authors: Hassan Ahmed Sabah , Wahab Nehad Khorsheed 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The study was conducted in one of the drain in AL-Ahd Al-Jaded - Al-Alam - Salah Al-Din Governorate for the period from the beginning of October 2022 to the end of March of the year 2023, where the number of fish species caught in the two study stations reached 15 species, of which 12 belong to the Cyprinidae family, one to the Poeciliidae family, and one to the. Al-Mugilidae family and a type of family Mastacembelidae. The types of fish that he collected (Chondrostoma regium, Carassius auratus, Carasobarbus luteus, Alburnus mossulensis, Cyprinion kais Planiliza abu, Arabibarbus grypus Cyprinus carpio Gambusia holbrooki, Acanthobrama marmid, mastacembelus, Barbus belayewi, Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi, Garra rufa). The Cyprinidae family is considered the largest percentage of species in water bodies in Iraq, according to previous studies. It was found that there were three species in most of the fishing samples that were collected during the study period for a period of six months: Chondrostoma regium, Carassius auratus, Carasobarbus luteus. The number of fish caught was 566 fish with a total weight of 19844 grams. The Chondrostoma regium came first with 257, or 45.40% of the total number, the Carassius auratus, with 172, or 30.38% of the total number, and the Carasobarbus luteus, with 53, or 9.76% of the total number. The arassius auratus accounted for the largest percentage in terms of weight at 48.23%, Chondrostoma regium ranked second at 20.94%, and the third rank by Carasobarbus luteus at 18.61%, and the lowest percentage by weight was the share of the Garra rufa by 0.05%.
Physiological Changes Caused by Dietary Proanthocyanidin Supplementation at Varying Doses in Laying Hens
Authors: Abbas Nbras Kadhim , Ali Nihad Abdul–Lateef 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The research was carried out at the college of Agriculture/Al-Qasim Green University’s Department of Animal Production farm. Beginning on March 19, 2022, and ending on July 2, 2022, the experimental field trial lasted a total of 16 weeks (four intervals of four weeks each). The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of supplementing chicken diets with varying concentrations of the Proanthocyanidin chemical on egg production, quality, and oxidation markers. During the experiment’s breeding phase, which lasted for 50 weeks, 105 Lohmann brown laying hens were split into four groups: those aged 57-60 weeks, 61-64” weeks, and 65-68 weeks. A total of 21 birds were randomly assigned to one of five experimental treatments, with three replicates per 7 birds in each treatment (as per the standard standards outlined in the Lohmann Brown Layer Managements Guide). This is what we found to work in our clinical trials: The initial procedure: a no-additions control group. Second, 100 milligrammes of proanthocyanidin per kilogramme of feed was given to a standard diet. Third, we have a standard diet with 200 milligrammes of proanthocyanidin per kilogramme of feed. Fourthly, a standard diet with 300 milligrammes of Proanthocyanidin per kilogramme of feed was used. In the sixth treatment, 400 milligrammes of proanthocyanidin per kilogramme of feed is given to a standard diet. The study found mostly these results: Compared to the control group, the third, fourth, and fifth treatments significantly increased (p≤0.05) egg production rate, total eggs laid, egg weight, egg mass, and feed conversion coefficient. - The shell’s relative weight and thickness were found to be optimal for treatments three, four, and five, while albumin height (mm) and hu units improved significantly (p≤0.05) for treatments four and five compared to the control treatment.
Impact of Age Groups on some Cellular Parameters of Male and Female Local Goats
Authors: Al-Yasery Ahmed Jawad , Majhoo Haider Haleem , Al-Gharawi Jassim Kassim 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effect of age groups (The first group from 4-8 months, the second group from 9-12 months, and the third group from 13-16 months), on some parameters of cellularity of male and female local goats, at College of Agriculture, Al-Muthanna University, from 1/10/2022 to 1/5/2023. Blood samples were collected from the slaughterhouses at Al-Muthanna Governorate for males and females of local goats. The results indicated that the third age group (13-16 months) led to a significant increase on WBC, RBC, HCT, MCV and MPV in the blood of local male goats, significant decrease on RBC, HCT, MCH and MCHC with a significant increase in MPV in the blood of local female goats.
Impact of Supplementing Anise with Black Seeds Powder on Productive Performance of Broilers
Authors: Azzez Mohammed M. Abdul , Fahad Majeed Ali , Ali Rehab H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The research had been conducted to investigate the effect of Anise with black seeds powder with their blend on some productive traits of broilers Atotal of 3600, one day old chicks (Ross 308) were used and distributed on four equal treatments. Chicks in the first treatment were fed on an ordinary ration without any addition (control), the second treatment were fed on the same ordinary ration supplemented with 2.0%. Anise powder, the third treatment had been fed on the same ordinary ration supplemented with 0.3% Black seed powder. Meanwhile the fourth treatment had been fed on the same ordinary ration supplemented with the blend of 2.0% Anise powder with 0.3% Black seeds powder Result of the research had revealed a significant surpassing of the body weights, weight gains as well as improvement of the feed conversion rate and dressing percentage of broilers that had fed on the feed supplements of Anise with Black seeds powder.