bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TEAD4 antagonizes cellular senescence by remodeling chromatin accessibility at enhancer regions
Authors: Zhang Donghui , Zhu Yanmei , Ju Yanmin , Zhang Hongyong , Zou Xiaopeng , She Shangrong , Zhu Danping , Guan Yiting 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDramatic alterations in epigenetic landscapes are known to impact genome accessibility and transcription. Extensive evidence demonstrates that senescent cells undergo significant changes in chromatin structure; however, the mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between epigenetic parameters and gene expression profiles have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we delineate the genome-wide redistribution of accessible chromatin regions that lead to broad transcriptome effects during senescence. We report that distinct senescence-activated accessibility regions (SAAs) are always distributed in H3K27ac-occupied enhancer regions, where they are responsible for elevated flanking senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) expression and aberrant cellular signaling relevant to SASP secretion. Mechanistically, a single transcription factor, TEAD4, moves away from H3K27ac-labled SAAs to allow for prominent chromatin accessibility reconstruction during senescence. The enhanced SAAs signal driven by TEAD4 suppression subsequently induces a robust increase in the expression of adjacent SASP genes and the secretion of downstream factors, which contribute to the progression of senescence. Our findings illustrate a dynamic landscape of chromatin accessibility following senescence entry, and further reveal an insightful function for TEAD4 in regulating the broad chromatin state that modulates the overall transcriptional program of SASP genes.
Genesis of Devonian volcanic-associated Lahn-Dill-type iron ores — part I: iron mobilisation and mineralisation style
Authors: Schmitt Leanne , Kirnbauer Thomas , Angerer Thomas , Volkmann Rebecca , Roddatis Vladimir , Wirth Richard , Klein Sabine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFe-oxide deposits of the Lahn-Dill-type in the eastern Rhenish Massif comprise haematite and quartz with minor siderite, magnetite, and calcite. The deposits are located in the hanging wall of thick volcaniclastic rock sequences and mark the Middle to Late Devonian boundary. Varying ore types with accompanying footwall rocks were sampled from two formerly important ore deposits, the Fortuna mine (Lahn syncline) and the Briloner Eisenberg mine (East Sauerland anticline), in order to elucidate the interplay of processes leading to ore formation. Deposit geology, petrography, and whole-rock geochemistry suggest that the ores formed by iron mobilisation from deeply altered footwall volcaniclastic rocks, subsequent venting of a modified H2O-CO2-Fe-rich and H2S-poor fluid, and precipitation on the seafloor (sedimentary-type), or locally by metasomatic replacement of wall rocks (replacement-type). Petrographic analysis to the sub-micron scale revealed that the sedimentary-type ores most likely formed from a Fe-Si-rich gel and accompanying maturation. Early gel textures include the presence of spherules, aggregates, tubes, and filamentous stalks consisting of nanocrystalline haematite dispersed in a matrix of microcrystalline quartz. Local diagenetic Fe3+ reduction within the gel is indicated by siderite replacement of haematite. Replacement-type ores formed due to a two-step process including coprecipitation of (precursor) haematite and carbonates and subsequent metasomatic replacement by haematite. These ore-forming processes took place during a time when several restricted shallow marine basins in the north-eastern Rheic Ocean were influenced by extensive volcanism and associated hydrothermal fluid flux. Examples of similar volcanic-associated Fe-oxide occurrences of Silurian to Carboniferous age can be categorised as being of Lahn-Dill-type ores as well.
The machinability of titanium alloy thin-wall parts in cooling minimum quantity lubrication (CMQL) environments
Authors: Wu Ge , Mao Xuanyu , Pan Wencheng , Li Guangxian , Ding Songlin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe machining of thin-wall components made of titanium alloys is challenging because the poor machinability of the material leads to severe problems such as accelerated tool wear and poor surface quality, while the weak rigidity of the thin-wall structure results in unavoidable vibration and surface form errors. To address these issues, this paper investigated the mechanisms and performance of cooling minimum quantity lubrication (CMQL) in milling titanium thin-wall parts. To verify the efficiency of CMQL, different cooling/lubrication strategies, including conventional flood cooling, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) and CMQL with different temperature levels, were investigated. The cutting force, tool wear state, chip formation, surface integrity, and surface form errors were compared and analysed in detail. The experiment results show that MQL is inadequate at higher spindle speeds due to its ineffective cooling capacity and weakened lubrication ability. In contrast, CMQL has demonstrated its feasibility and superiority in milling titanium thin-wall parts under all conditions. The outcomes indicate that a lower temperature level of CMQL is advantageous to producing better wear resistance and lower thermomechanical loads, and the CMQL (− 15 ºC) machining environment can remarkably improve the overall machining performance and control the surface form errors of the machined thin-wall parts. At the spindle speed of 3000 rpm, the surface roughness measured under CMQL (− 15 °C) condition is reduced by 16.53% and 23.46%, the deflection value is decreased by 54.74% and 36.99%, while the maximum thickness error is about 53.51% and 20.56% smaller in comparison to flood cooling and MQL machining. In addition, CMQL is an economical and sustainable cooling/lubrication strategy; the outcomes of this work can provide the industry with useful guidance for high-quality machining of thin-wall components.
A human-cyber-physical system for Operator 5.0 smart risk assessment
Authors: Simeone Alessandro , Grant Rebecca , Ye Weilin , Caggiano Alessandra 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the context of Industry 5.0, characterized by the human-centred transformation of manufacturing processes, assessing operator risk is crucial for ensuring workplace safety and well-being. In this respect, this paper presents the development of a human-cyber-physical system (HCPS) capable of estimating operator risk by leveraging diverse sensing data. By comprehensively analysing complex patterns and interactions among physiological, environmental, and manufacturing variables, the HCPS offers an advanced approach to operator risk assessment. Through the integration of cutting-edge sensing technologies, real-time data collection, and sophisticated analytics paradigms, the HCPS accurately identifies meaningful patterns and anomalies. It dynamically adapts to changing manufacturing conditions, generating risk profiles for operators and work processes. Timely alerts and notifications enable proactive interventions, enhancing safety measures and optimizing work processes. The HCPS empowers decision-making and supporting the well-being and productivity of operators in the Industry 5.0 paradigm, while maintaining a safe working environment. A simulated case study is reported to validate the proposed framework on a variety of industrial scenarios.
New upper bounds for spherical codes and packings
Authors: Sardari Naser Talebizadeh , Zargar Masoud 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe improve the previously best known upper bounds on the sizes of $$\theta $$
θ
-spherical codes for every $$\theta <\theta ^*\approx 62.997^{\circ }$$

θ
<

θ
∗

≈
62
.

997
∘

at least by a factor of 0.4325, in sufficiently high dimensions. Furthermore, for sphere packing densities in dimensions $$n\ge 2000$$

n
≥
2000

we have an improvement at least by a factor of $$0.4325+\frac{51}{n}$$

0.4325
+

51
n

. Our method also breaks many non-numerical sphere packing density bounds in smaller dimensions. This is the first such improvement for each dimension since the work of Kabatyanskii and Levenshtein (Problemy Peredači Informacii 14(1):3–25, 1978) and its later improvement by Levenshtein (Dokl Akad Nauk SSSR 245(6):1299–1303, 1979) . Novelties of this paper include the analysis of triple correlations, usage of the concentration of mass in high dimensions, and the study of the spacings between the roots of Jacobi polynomials.
Channel Divergences and Complexity in Algebraic QFT
Authors: Hollands Stefan , Ranallo Alessio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe consider a notion of divergence between quantum channels in relativistic continuum quantum field theory (QFT) that is derived from the Belavkin–Staszewski relative entropy and the concept of bimodules for general von Neumann algebras. Key concepts of the divergence that we shall prove based on a new variational formulation of that relative entropy are the subadditivity under composition and additivity under the tensor product between channels. Based on these properties, we propose to use the channel divergence relative to the trivial (identity-) channel as a novel measure of complexity. Using the properties of our channel divergence, we prove in the prerequisite generality necessary for the algebras in QFT that the corresponding complexity has several reasonable properties: (i) the complexity of a composite channel is not larger than the sum of its parts, (ii) it is additive for channels localized in spacelike separated regions, (iii) it is convex, (iv) for an N-ary measurement channel it is $$\log N$$

log
N

, (v) for a conditional expectation associated with an inclusion of QFTs with finite Jones index it is given by $$\log (\text {Jones Index})$$

log
(
Jones Index
)

.
Examining the giant barrel sponge species complex: molecular and microbial differentiation of Xestospongia testudinaria in Singapore
Authors: Deignan Lindsey K. , Dansson Raiyan , Loh Aaron An Rong , Pwa Keay Hoon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe giant barrel sponges (Xestospongia spp.) belong to a pan-global species complex with evidence suggesting they could encompass up to 9 cryptic species. In this study, we leveraged molecular and microbial techniques to investigate giant barrel sponges (X. testudinaria) from Singapore in relation to their placement within this species complex. Twenty-four giant barrel sponges from three sites were sequenced with mitochondrial (CO1) and nuclear (ATP6) DNA markers, identifying 6 distinct haplotypes belonging to 4 of the proposed barrel sponge species. Analysis of the X. testudinaria microbiomes was achieved with 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The microbiome composition of X. testudinaria did not differ by reef site, deviating from a pattern frequently observed in coral microbiomes across Singapore. However, there was significant differentiation in microbiome composition by host genetics consistent with the proposed species boundaries. General linear models identified 85 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) as highly significant (P < 0.01) in differentiating among the four Species Groups, consisting of 12 Archaea and 73 Bacteria, with the largest representation from phylum Chloroflexi. We also identified 52 core ASVs present in all sponges representing 33.0% of the total sequence reads. Our results support previous findings of microbiome differentiation in co-occurring genetic haplotypes of barrel sponges from the Caribbean. Together these studies underline the potential for ecological partitioning based on genetic haplotype that could contribute to cryptic speciation within the giant barrel sponge species complex.
Immunogenetics, sylvatic plague and its vectors: insights from the pathogen reservoir Mastomys natalensis in Tanzania
Authors: Haikukutu Lavinia , Lyaku Japhet R. , Lyimo Charles M. , Eiseb Seth J. , Makundi Rhodes H. , Olayemi Ayodeji , Wilhelm Kerstin , Müller-Klein Nadine , Schmid Dominik W. , Fleischer Ramona , Sommer Simone 
Published: October 2023

AbstractYersinia pestis is a historically important vector-borne pathogen causing plague in humans and other mammals. Contemporary zoonotic infections with Y. pestis still occur in sub-Saharan Africa, including Tanzania and Madagascar, but receive relatively little attention. Thus, the role of wildlife reservoirs in maintaining sylvatic plague and spillover risks to humans is largely unknown. The multimammate rodent Mastomys natalensis is the most abundant and widespread rodent in peri-domestic areas in Tanzania, where it plays a major role as a Y. pestis reservoir in endemic foci. Yet, how M. natalensis’ immunogenetics contributes to the maintenance of plague has not been investigated to date. Here, we surveyed wild M. natalensis for Y. pestis vectors, i.e., fleas, and tested for the presence of antibodies against Y. pestis using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in areas known to be endemic or without previous records of Y. pestis in Tanzania. We characterized the allelic and functional (i.e., supertype) diversity of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC class II) of M. natalensis and investigated links to Y. pestis vectors and infections. We detected antibodies against Y. pestis in rodents inhabiting both endemic areas and areas considered non-endemic. Of the 111 nucleotide MHC alleles, only DRB*016 was associated with an increased infestation with the flea Xenopsylla. Surprisingly, we found no link between MHC alleles or supertypes and antibodies of Y. pestis. Our findings hint, however, at local adaptations towards Y. pestis vectors, an observation that more exhaustive sampling could unwind in the future.
The optimal fluoroscopic views to rule out intra-articular screw penetration during acetabular fracture fixation
Authors: Elmhiregh Aissam , Hantouly Ashraf T. , Alzoubi Osama , George Bivin , Ahmadi Mohsen , Ahmed Ghalib 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To determine the ideal view(s) and the minimum number of intraoperative fluoroscopic views required to rule out any intra-articular screw violation in acetabular fractures fixation.

Methods
This study was conducted using a series of fluoroscopic examinations of pelvic synthetic models with screws positioned in different planes around the acetabulum. Ten screws were placed in the synthetic pelvis models in different planes of the acetabulum. Seven views were taken for each screw. Radiographic images were evaluated by 14 orthopaedic surgeons who were asked to assess joint violation and the view(s) required for assessment.

Results
The observers’ accuracy rate in identifying joint violation was 82.1% for the anterior part of the anterior column and the superior part of the posterior column, 89.3% for the posterior part of the anterior column and the inferior part of the posterior column, and 92.9% for the quadrilateral plate. The sensitivity was 100% for the anterior and posterior parts of the anterior column and the inferior part of the posterior column, 87.5% for the superior part of the posterior column, and 85.7% for the quadrilateral plate. The specificity was 100% for the quadrilateral plate, 80% for the superior part of the posterior column and the posterior part of the anterior column, 78.6% for the inferior part of the posterior column, and 66.7% for the anterior part of the anterior column. There was a strong overall interobserver and intra-observer agreement with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.709 and 0.86, respectively.

Conclusions
This study confirms the hypothesis that in a concave surface/joint fixation, such as the acetabulum, the probability of joint violation is unlikely if there is no evidence of it within a single fluoroscopic view. In acetabulum fracture fixation with a screw violating the joint, the screw’s presence was evident within the joint space in all fluoroscopic views. However, the absence of joint violation in one fluoroscopic view was adequate to rule out joint penetration.
Control of high-speed jumps in muscle and spring actuated systems: a comparative study of take-off energetics in bush-crickets (Mecopoda elongata) and locusts (Schistocerca gregaria)
Authors: Goode Chloe K. , Woodrow Charlie , Harrison Shannon L. , Deeming D. Charles , Sutton Gregory P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Orthoptera are a diverse insect order well known for their locomotive capabilities. To jump, the bush-cricket uses a muscle actuated (MA) system in which leg extension is actuated by contraction of the femoral muscles of the hind legs. In comparison, the locust uses a latch mediated spring actuated (LaMSA) system, in which leg extension is actuated by the recoil of spring-like structure in the femur. The aim of this study was to describe the jumping kinematics of Mecopoda elongata (Tettigoniidae) and compare this to existing data in Schistocerca gregaria (Acrididae), to determine differences in control of rotation during take-off between similarly sized MA and LaMSA jumpers. 269 jumps from 67 individuals of M. elongata with masses from 0.014 g to 3.01 g were recorded with a high-speed camera setup. In M. elongata, linear velocity increased with mass0.18 and the angular velocity (pitch) decreased with mass−0.13. In S. gregaria, linear velocity is constant and angular velocity decreases with mass−0.24. Despite these differences in velocity scaling, the ratio of translational kinetic energy to rotational kinetic energy was similar for both species. On average, the energy distribution of M. elongata was distributed 98.8% to translational kinetic energy and 1.2% to rotational kinetic energy, whilst in S. gregaria it is 98.7% and 1.3%, respectively. This energy distribution was independent of size for both species. Despite having two different jump actuation mechanisms, the ratio of translational and rotational kinetic energy formed during take-off is fixed across these distantly related orthopterans.
Tracing fluid infiltration into oceanic crust up to ultra-high-pressure conditions
Authors: Rubatto Daniela , Williams Morgan , Markmann Thorsten Andreas , Hermann Jörg , Lanari Pierre 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFluid–rock interaction within the altered oceanic crust and across the slab–mantle boundary during subduction facilitates element transfer, but the dynamics of fluid transport and fluid–rock exchange during upward fluid migration are still unclear. A study of metamorphic fluid–rock interaction within a section of subducted oceanic crust was carried out on eclogites and metasediments of the ultra-high-pressure Lago di Cignana Unit (NW Italian Alps). The P–T modeling of a quartzschist shows that garnet grew during the prograde and sporadically during the retrograde path and that phengite mainly records the peak to retrograde conditions. Microscale geochemical analysis of garnets has revealed a systematic evolution of oxygen isotopic composition with garnet major element zonation, with extreme within-sample core–rim variations in δ18O between 18 and 4‰ providing evidence for external fluid influx. Garnet in eclogites and calcschists, as well as garnet cores in quartz-rich lithologies, shows normal compositional zoning, as expected for prograde garnet growth, and a relatively constant oxygen isotopic composition. The outer garnet growth zones within a few metasediments show reverse or discontinuous zoning and progressively lower δ18O. Despite major element zoning, the isotopic composition of mica is homogeneous across chemical zoning in one eclogite and one quartzschist, but shows 6‰ variability in another quartzschist. In the underlying Zermatt–Saas serpentinites, antigorite from nine serpentinite samples shows some variation in δ18O, with average δ18O values for individual samples ranging from 1 to 6‰. These results provide evidence for two main stages of external fluid infiltration: (i) fluids from the dehydration of mafic lithologies entered the sequence at peak conditions around 3 GPa, as indicated by the oxygen composition of intermediate zones of mica and garnet, and (ii) low δ18O fluids from serpentinites infiltrated parts of the sedimentary package during exhumation prior to 1.5 GPa, as recorded by the 4‰ garnet outer rims. Samples recording external fluid infiltration are concentrated in the lower part of the sequence, indicating channelized fluid flow, suggesting focused fluid infiltration due to permeability contrasts between metasedimentary and eclogitic lithologies. Channelized fluid flow in the ultra-high-pressure metasediments of Lago di Cignana has not resulted in systematic decarbonation of the metasediments.
XEN®-45 implantation for refractory uveitic glaucoma
Authors: Evers Charlotte , Anton Alexandra , Böhringer Daniel , Kallee Sara , Keye Philip , Neß Thomas , Philippin Heiko , Reinhard Thomas , Lübke Jan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the efficacy of XEN®-45 gel stent ab interno implantation for medically uncontrolled uveitic glaucoma.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of 25 eyes receiving XEN® gel stent for medically uncontrolled uveitic glaucoma from February 2019 to February 2023 with recording of intraocular pressure (IOP) values, ocular hypotensive medication, requirement for revision or secondary surgery and complications. Prerequisites for XEN® implantation were a clear cornea, an open iridocorneal angle and an unscarred, mobile conjunctiva at the implantation site. Minimum follow-up required for inclusion was 3 months. The primary outcome measure was IOP compared to baseline. Complete and qualified success were defined as final IOP of ≤ 18 mmHg without or with topical antiglaucomatous treatment, respectively. Failure was defined as IOP > 18 mmHg on two consecutive visits, IOP reduction < 20%, persisting complications from hypotony and open conjunctival bleb revision. Further glaucoma surgical intervention was defined as complete failure.

Results
Mean preoperative IOP was 35.3 ± 10.9 mmHg on 2.9 ± 0.9 topical antiglaucomatous agents. 19 of 25 patients (76%) received additional oral acetazolamide. 19 eyes were pseudophakic, 5 eyes phakic and 1 aphakic.
Early postoperatively, mean IOP reduced to 7.7 ± 3.0 mmHg (75.8% reduction). At final follow-up (mean 17.7 months) mean IOP was 12.0 ± 3.8 mmHg (62.5% reduction) on 0.2 ± 0.6 medications.
Six eyes (24%) required bleb revision at mean 28 weeks and therefore were categorized as failure. One eye failed despite bleb revision and restart of topical ocular hypotensive medication. Three other eyes (12%) had IOP spikes with uveitis flare-ups. Transient hypotony complications occurred in 32%. At final follow-up, 18 eyes (72%) achieved complete success and one eye (4%) qualified success.

Conclusion
The XEN® gel stent effectively reduced IOP in uncontrolled uveitic glaucoma, with 72% complete success. Bleb revision was required in 24%. IOP spikes occurred in 12% despite functioning blebs. Further follow-up is needed to determine long-term outcomes.