bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The crystal structure of 1,2-bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl) hydrazine, C12H8N6O8
Authors: Li Yunlu , Xue Mei , Wang Xinzhong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
C12H8N6O8, orthorhombic, Pbcn (no. 60), a = 11.9333(5) Å, b = 9.2524(4) Å, c = 12.8675(7) Å, V = 1420.72(12) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0468, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1159, T = 170 K.
Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of ethoxylated lauryl myristyl alcohol as non-ionic surfactants (surfethoxymers)
Authors: Khattab Asaad Faisal , Ismael Younis Ahmed , El-Habab Ahmed Taher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this work, fatty alcohol ethoxylation surfactant PALMEROL 1214 (lauryl myristyl alcohol C12–C14) designated as LMA-EO-30 and novel surface-active monomer (surfethoxymers) such as Hemi Ester Lauryl Myristyl Alcohol Malate designated as HELMEM, HELMEI (itaconate) and HELMES (succinate) have been synthesized. These types of non-ionic surfactant have been characterized for their structures using spectroscopic measurements. In addition, their surface-active properties like surface tension, critical micelle concentration (CMC), HLB, the cloud point and foaming properties were investigated. The results indicated that the novel surfethoxymers HELMEM, HELMEI and HELMES exhibit an excellent surface activity and a high performance in the mentioned industrial applications.
Monomeric α‐synuclein activates the plasma membrane calcium pump
Authors: Kowalski Antoni , Betzer Cristine , Larsen Sigrid Thirup , Gregersen Emil , Newcombe Estella A , Bermejo Montaña Caballero , Bendtsen Viktor Wisniewski , Diemer Jorin , Ernstsen Christina V , Jain Shweta , Bou Alicia Espiña , Langkilde Annette Eva , Nejsum Lene N , Klipp Edda , Edwards Robert , Kragelund Birthe B , Jensen Poul Henning , Nissen Poul 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlpha‐synuclein (aSN) is a membrane‐associated and intrinsically disordered protein, well known for pathological aggregation in neurodegeneration. However, the physiological function of aSN is disputed. Pull‐down experiments have pointed to plasma membrane Ca2+‐ATPase (PMCA) as a potential interaction partner. From proximity ligation assays, we find that aSN and PMCA colocalize at neuronal synapses, and we show that calcium expulsion is activated by aSN and PMCA. We further show that soluble, monomeric aSN activates PMCA at par with calmodulin, but independent of the autoinhibitory domain of PMCA, and highly dependent on acidic phospholipids and membrane‐anchoring properties of aSN. On PMCA, the key site is mapped to the acidic lipid‐binding site, located within a disordered PMCA‐specific loop connecting the cytosolic A domain and transmembrane segment 3. Our studies point toward a novel physiological role of monomeric aSN as a stimulator of calcium clearance in neurons through activation of PMCA.
A region‐resolved proteomic map of the human brain enabled by high‐throughput proteomics
Authors: Tüshaus Johanna , Sakhteman Amirhossein , Lechner Severin , The Matthew , Mucha Eike , Krisp Christoph , Schlegel Jürgen , Delbridge Claire , Kuster Bernhard 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSubstantial efforts are underway to deepen our understanding of human brain morphology, structure, and function using high‐resolution imaging as well as high‐content molecular profiling technologies. The current work adds to these approaches by providing a comprehensive and quantitative protein expression map of 13 anatomically distinct brain regions covering more than 11,000 proteins. This was enabled by the optimization, characterization, and implementation of a high‐sensitivity and high‐throughput microflow liquid chromatography timsTOF tandem mass spectrometry system (LC–MS/MS) capable of analyzing more than 2,000 consecutive samples prepared from formalin‐fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) material. Analysis of this proteomic resource highlighted brain region‐enriched protein expression patterns and functional protein classes, protein localization differences between brain regions and individual markers for specific areas. To facilitate access to and ease further mining of the data by the scientific community, all data can be explored online in a purpose‐built R Shiny app (https://brain‐region‐atlas.proteomics.ls.tum.de).
Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Preadolescents
Authors: Burke Taylor A. , Bettis Alexandra H. , Walsh Rachel F. L. , Levin Rachel Y. , Lawrence Hannah R. , Sheehan Ana E. , Turnamian Margarid R. , Liu Richard T. 
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVES
There is a dearth of literature on the prevalence and predictors of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) history and onset among preadolescent youth. This gap in the literature is significant given evidence suggesting that NSSI is a robust predictor of negative mental health outcomes, and that early onset NSSI may be associated with a more severe course of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors. This study aimed to evaluate sociodemographic characteristics, psychiatric disorders, and suicidal ideation (SI) in relation to NSSI onset and history in preadolescents.

METHODS
Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, which recruited a diverse sample of 11 875 youth aged 9 to 10 years. The primary outcome measures were lifetime history and recent onset of NSSI. Measures included sociodemographics and the K-SADS diagnostic interview assessing psychopathology and SI.

RESULTS
Female sex and identifying as Black were associated with lower odds of lifetime NSSI. Identifying as a sexual minority, having unmarried parents, and a low family income were associated with higher odds of lifetime NSSI. Although depression was most predictive of NSSI history and onset, a range of internalizing and externalizing disorders, greater comorbidity, and SI also were predictive.

CONCLUSIONS
Given that NSSI was associated with a range of mental health disorders and comorbidity, it may be best conceptualized as a transdiagnostic phenomenon. Findings highlight key sociodemographic and diagnostic factors that may help to direct screening efforts in preadolescents, particularly sexual minority status and depression.
HPLC-DAD method validation for quantification of dehydroabietic acid and abietic acid in oral spray containing Pinus merkusii heartwood extract and its antibacterial effects on clinically isolated Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Sakunpak Apirak , Saingam Worawan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPinus merkusii Jungh & De Vries. has become increasingly gathered more attention from researchers because the plant has a range of folk medicinal uses. Heartwood plant is the major source of dehydroabietic acid (DHAA) and abietic acid (AA), which possesses several medicinal properties, such as antiviral, antimicrobial, antiobesity and anti-inflammatory. The research proposed herein a low-cost, fast, specific, uncomplicated, sensitive, precise reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). This method was conducted and validated for evaluating an amount of DHAA and AA in ethanol extract and oral spray containing P. merkusii heartwood extract. Additionally, stability and antimicrobial activities against clinically isolated Streptococcus mutans of the oral spray were determined. The separation was achieved on Pursuit 200Å PFP column, 150 × 4.6 mm, particles of 3 µm with a flow rate of 1.0 mL min−1. Methanol and water (70:30 v/v) were used as eluent with an isocratic mode and sample analysis volume was set at 10 µL, at a detection wavelength of 210 and 245 nm. The developed HPLC method for analysis of DHAA and AA showed good linearity with correlation coefficients equal to 1. Moreover, other validation parameters, comprised of accuracy, precision, specificity and detection and quantitation limits of this method displayed excellent reliability, validity and sensitivity. This method could be an interesting alternative for quantitative measurement of P. merkusii heartwood extract, oral spray formulation and other P. merkusii heartwood extract preparations. The result from antibacterial tests suggested that the oral spray containing P. merkusii heartwood extract is able to inhibit the oral pathogens causing dental caries. The oral spray decreased S. mutans population size by about 0.5–2 Log CFU mL−1 at 1–4 h and complete elimination of all bacteria strains within 24 h. This study provides validity for using P. merkusii heartwood extract as an alternative for preventing and treating oral infectious diseases.
Pharmacognostic study of zingiberofficinale
Authors: SG Ambre , VS Gaikar , MN Sharmale , PB Mhaske , PL Phalke 
Published: November 2023

Ginger is scientifically known as Zingiber officinale. Zingiber officinale {ginger} widely used in pharmaceutical approach. 6-shogaol, 6-paradol,6-gingerole,zerumbone and zingerole are some active ingredients available in ginger. Ginger has been used commonly to treat diarrhea, indigestion, nausea, heart burn, cough, bronchitis, asthma, diabetes and menstrual irregularities. It consist of 80% moisture, 2% protein, 2% fiber, 1% mineral, 0.9% fat, 12% carbohydrate, volatile oil 1.9%. Volatile oil in ginger contain a-Pinene, camphene, o-Phellandrene, zingiberene, o-bisabolene, geranial.Ginger mostly preferred warm, humid climate for cultivation. It can be grown both under rain fed and irrigated conditions. Ayurveda literature preferred administration of ginger in both of communicable and non-communicable diseases.
Patterns of Glomerular Disease at a Large Urban Public Hospital in South Africa- Impact of HIV Infection
Authors: Yvette Lazarus , Malcolm Davies , Mitan Nana , Graham Paget 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Introduction

Glomerular disease is an important cause of renal failure. We sought to describe the patterns of glomerular disease in patients undergoing native kidney biopsy at a large urban public hospital in South Africa during the period 2001–2010.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed all native kidney biopsies undertaken during the study period. We further characterised and compared clinical, laboratory and demographic data between glomerular pathologies.

Results

The majority of patients undergoing biopsy were young (median age 34 years) and of Black African descent (83%). Proteinuria was the most common indication for biopsy. Secondary glomerular disease was more common than primary glomerular disease. HIV-associated glomerular diseases were the most common secondary glomerulopathies Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) was the most frequent primary glomerulopathy. Minimal change nephropathy (MCN) was more frequent in younger patients and membranous nephropathy (MN) more common in older patients. Renal function was poorer in FSGS and membranoproliferative glomerular disease.

Conclusions

HIV is an important contributor to the high rates of secondary glomerular disease. Primary glomerulopathy demonstrates geographic variation in South Africa with FSGS being dominant in Johannesburg. Although clinical parameters may suggest underlying glomerulopathy, an accurate diagnosis to facilitate directed treatment and prevent progression to renal failure requires a renal biopsy.
Risk Factors of Inguinal Hernia in Urban South Africa
Authors: Domingo Aimee , Molewa Cynthia , Nel Marietha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:

One million inguinal hernia repairs are performed annually in the USA. Although there are reports on the prevalence of inguinal hernias from sub-Sahara Africa, similar reports and guidelines are lacking for the South African population. The aim of this study was to address the epidemiology of inguinal hernias in a South African population.

Methods:

A retrospective review of all adult patients admitted with inguinal hernias to a public health facility in Johannesburg, was performed using a retrospective review of hospital patient records from August 2019 to May 2020. The patient records were analysed to identify the risk factors associated with inguinal hernias in this population.

Results:

Of the 125 patients, 91 were male (73%, mean age 50) and 34 were female (27%, mean age 47). Eighty-seven patients self-identified as Black African, 31 as White, four as Indian and three as mixed race. The right side predominated. Twenty patients had bilateral hernias. The mean BMI of males was 25, and 29 for females (p=0.002). Seventy-five patients were never-smokers, seven patients suffered from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and six had a family history of hernia. Fifteen patients indicated lifting heavy weights.

Conclusion:

Based on the study population, women had a nine-fold higher risk for developing an inguinal hernia, compared with women in Western countries. Further studies of inguinal hernia in women on the African continent are strongly advised.
Occurrence of Free-Living Amoebae in Non-Human Primate Gut
Authors: Cardoso Igor Rodrigues , De Lima Clezia Siqueira , Dos Reis Rhagner Bonono , Pinto Ana Cristina Araujo , Pissinatti Thalita , Kugelmeier Tatiana , Neto Sócrates Fraga da Costa , Da Silva Fabio Alves , Santos Helena Lúcia Carneiro 
Published: November 2023

. Gut microbiome reflects healthy and predicts possible disease in hosts. A holistic view of this community is needed, focused on identification species, and on the dissection of how species interact with their host and with each other, regardless of whether their presence is beneficial, inconsequential, or detrimental. Distribution of gut-associated eukaryotes within and across NHPs is likely driven by host behavior and ecology. To ascertain the existence of free-living amoebae (FLA) in the gut of wild and captive non-human primates (NHPs), 01 sample stools were collected and submitted to culture-dependent and microscopy examination and DNA sequencing. FLAs were detected in 45.4% (46/101) of fecal samples analysed and their morphological characteristics matching those of Acanthamoeba spp, Vermamoeba spp, and fan-shaped amoebae of the family Vannellidae. Sequence analysis of the PCR- products revealed that the suspected amoebae are highly homologous (99% identity and 100% query coverage) with Acanthamoeba genotype T4 and Vermamoeba vermiformis amoebae. The results showed a great diversity of FLAs in the NHP microbiome, which may pose a potential risk to the health of NHPs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report the presence of FLAs in NHPs naturally infected. However, it is not known whether gut-borne FLA are exploiting a viable ecological niche, or whether they are simply transient residents in the gut.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Siswa Kelas I dengan Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Media Kartu Bergambar di SDN Gebangan
Authors: Fajaryanti Mare Asia , Fitrianawati Meita , Rusmimawarti Rusmimawarti 
Published: November 2023

<p>Penerapan model pembelajaran dan media yang kurang variatif pada pembelajaran membaca permulaan berpengaruh terhadap rendahnya hasil kemampuan membaca permulaan siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan membaca permulaan siswa kelas I dengan model <em>Problem Based Learning</em> (PBL) berbantuan media kartu bergambar di SDN Gebangan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas kolaboratif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa tes, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model PBL berbantuan media kartu bergambar signifikan meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan siswa. Pada siklus I, 58,33% siswa mencapai tingkat ketuntasan membaca, dan meningkat menjadi 75,00% pada siklus II. Analisis hasil menunjukkan peningkatan kategori kemampuan membaca permulaan siswa, yakni 7 siswa (58,33%) dalam kategori baik pada siklus I, meningkat menjadi 9 siswa (75,00%) pada siklus II. Tidak ada siswa yang berada dalam kategori kurang pada siklus II, sementara 16,67% siswa masuk dalam kategori cukup. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model PBL dengan media kartu bergambar efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan siswa kelas 1 di SDN Gebangan.</p>
Comparative Study of Poverty Alleviation in The Verses of The Qur’an and The Green Economy Program SGDS
Authors: Riwanda Agus , Wafa Ali 
Published: November 2023

Poverty is defined based on the failure of individuals to meet their primary life needs. Poverty has a tremendous negative impact on the life of the individual and community level. All societies in the world have made efforts to overcome this challenge. This study uses a qualitative approach by collecting verses related to poverty and presenting them in a categorization form to obtain an intervention level. Islam, through the Qur’an, has presented a comprehensive system to overcome this poverty problem. At the individual level, poverty can be reduced by providing aqidah concepts regarding sustenance, increasing skills and creativity, and encouragement to work hard while still paying attention to sustainability aspects. At the community level, the Qur’an recommends building a social welfare net through philanthropic movements and the spirit of altruism and stipulating religious obligations and suggestions regarding the distribution of wealth.
The Double-Patella Sign
Authors: Ganz Maximillian P. , Mannino Angelo , Scuderi Giles R. 
Published: November 2023

Case:
A 79-year-old man status post total knee arthroplasty (TKA) sustained atraumatic nondisplaced fracture of the inferior pole of the patella 1 year postoperatively. The patient had full radiographic healing and clinical resolution. Two years after injury, the patient reported new-onset knee pain and was found to have atraumatic inferior migration of the patellar component. The lateral radiograph appeared to demonstrate 2 patellae, coined “the double-patella sign.”

Conclusion:
Nondisplaced patellar fractures after TKA should be monitored even after full osseous healing for component loosening. Inferior migration of a loose patellar component can mimic 2 patellae on the lateral radiograph, mimicking a double patella.
Operative Technique for Sacral Insufficiency Fractures Causing Spinopelvic Dissociation
Authors: Muralidharan Aditya , Wilson Jenna-Leigh , Piche Joshua David , Arhewoh Reme Emmanuel , Hake Mark , Perdue Aaron , Patel Rakesh , Aleem Ilyas , Ahn Jaimo 
Published: November 2023

Case:
We present a case of a 54-year-old man with atraumatic, U-type sacral insufficiency and L5 compression fractures leading to spinopelvic dissociation, inability to ambulate, and bowel/bladder compromise. The patient underwent L3-4 percutaneous pedicle screw fixation with bilateral iliac bolts and percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation. Postoperatively, the patient had return of bowel/bladder function and independent ambulation at 2.5 years.

Conclusion:
Atraumatic spinopelvic dissociation is an underappreciated pathology in older patients. Here, we describe the result of our preferred treatment strategy, triangular osteosynthesis, to preserve function and independence. Despite optimal, prompt treatment, these injuries pose a difficult rehabilitation process for patients.
Peroneal Tendon Dislocation After Total Knee Arthroplasty in a Patient With Hereditary Multiple Exostoses
Authors: Ohba Yutaro , Uchio Akihiro , Maenohara Yuji , Inui Hiroshi , Tanaka Sakae , Matsumoto Takumi 
Published: November 2023

Case:
We report a case of an 81-year-old woman with severe valgus deformity induced by hereditary multiple exostoses, which eventually led to the need for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) due to joint degeneration. Subsequently, she experienced peroneal tendon dislocation. Although changes in knee alignment can affect ankle joint alignment and reportedly lead to ankle pain after TKA, this is a rare case of nontraumatic peroneal tendon dislocation occurring after TKA.

Conclusion:
This case underscores the complexity of peroneal tendon dislocation after TKA where factors such as pre-existing anatomical abnormalities interact with the alignment changes induced by TKA.
Circling the Void: Using Heidegger and Lacan to think about Large Language Models
Authors: Heimann Marc , Hübener Anne-Friederike 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The paper aims to unite two currently distinct ways of thinking about and working with language. Large language models and continental philosophy, especially Martin Heidegger's thinking about language and, building on Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan's structural psychoanalysis. We show that the concept of language that Heidegger, Freud, and Lacan discussed and utilized in clinical frameworks is quite well matched by modern LLMs. This allows us to discuss a problem of negation and negativity that is central to continental discourse but absent from current LLM research. This also means that we offer a radically different approach than is usual in the philosophy of artificial intelligence, since we base our concepts on thinkers who are often neglected in the discourse of analytic philosophy that is closer to AI research. To this end, we also indicate where the ontological differences of the proposed approach lie. Our aim, however, is to address both AI researchers and continental philosophers.
Distinct functions of wild-type and R273H mutant Δ133p53α differentially regulate glioblastoma aggressiveness and therapy-induced senescence
Authors: Harris Curtis , Joruiz Sebastien , Von Muhlinen Natalia , Horikawa Izumi , Gilbert Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Mutations effects on p53 isoforms’ activities remain largely unknown, although they are mutated in 92% of TP53 mutant cancers. Therefore, exploring the effect of mutations on p53 isoforms activities is a critical, albeit unexplored area in the p53 field. In this article, we report for the first time a mutant Δ133p53α-specific pathway which increases IL4I1 and IDO1 expression and activates AHR, a tumor-promoting mechanism. Accordingly, mutant Δ133p53α R273H increases glioblastoma cancer cells proliferation and invasion while the WT does not. Furthermore, while WT Δ133p53α reduces apoptosis to promote DNA repair, the mutant also reduces apoptosis but fails to maintain genomic stability.Furthermore, both WT and mutant Δ133p53α reduce cellular senescence in a senescence inducer-dependent manner (temozolomide or radiation) because they regulate different senescence-associated target genes. Hence, WT Δ133p53α rescues temozolomide-induced but not radiation-induced senescence, while mutant Δ133p53α R273H rescues radiation-induced but not temozolomide-induced senescence. Lastly, using TCGA data, we determined that IL4I1, IDO1 and AHR are significantly higher in GBMs compared to LGGs. IL4I1 expression is increased in mutant TP53 LGGs and GBMs, although only significantly in LGG. Importantly, high expression of all three genes in LGG and IL4I1 in GBM is significantly associated with poorer patients’ survival. These data show that, compared to WT Δ133p53α, R273H mutation reorientates its activities toward carcinogenesis and activates the oncogenic IL4I1/IDO1/AHR pathway, a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target in GBM by combining drugs specifically modulating Δ133p53α expression and IDO1/Il4I1/AHR inhibitors.