bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standard Theatre Stereoptics Without Glasses: Part I
Authors: Collender Robert B. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA new concept of geometry and suggested implementation is presented, which allows single point projection from existing theatre projection booths, and the utilization of the existing present seating arrangement (with changes required only in a special complexed screen and a projector using a single strip of continuously moving special film).The picture is photographed with the aid of an extended array of electronic imaging camera tubes, whose signals are gathered in a nearby mobile processing truck, and the total information is recorded on a single film in real time. A positive copy of this film is used by a special stationary high speed projector to project the 3‐D picture in a standard theatre. The information is time and space multiplexed to satisfy each person in the theatre with a separate perspective for his point of view. The field of view available to the audience is 180°.The screen can be as large, or larger, than conventional wide screens, and is constructed of vertically dispersive direct reflective mirror type full screen height elements which are multi‐faceted and rotate at a slow constant speed. These elements are pre‐set in their phase relationship only once during the projection equipment set up and alignment procedure.
Daily Interplay of Positive and Negative Events with Adolescents' Daily Well‐Being: Multilevel Person‐Centered and Variable‐Centered Approaches
Authors: Zamir‐Sela Yael , Gilboa Ziv , Shay Shir , Darwish Shiran , Maimon‐Alimi Merav , Arbel Reout 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis study examined associations between adolescents' daily negative and positive events and their coping efficacy, an understudied topic but pivotal to adolescent thriving.MethodsThe sample included 153 parent‐adolescent triads; adolescents' mean age, 15.71 years (SD = 1.53), 51% girls. Parents were in their midlife (Mage mother = 47.82, SD = 4.90; Mage father = 50.39, SD = 5.80). The study used a daily diary methodology to test within‐person links to establish a temporal order of effects. Over seven consecutive days, adolescents reported on 14 daily negative and positive events. Adolescents, mothers, and fathers reported on adolescents' daily coping efficacy.Results and ConclusionsMultilevel latent profile analysis (MLPA) identified 4 day‐level event profiles: “low event day” (34% of days), reflecting low levels of both positive and negative events and low coping efficacy and positive and negative mood; “positive day” (44%), reflecting dominance of intense positive events and corresponding high coping efficacy and positive mood; “mixed day,” reflecting a combination of intense positive and negative events with average coping efficacy and positive mood despite high negative mood and impaired coping. Multilevel path analysis showed adolescents reported increased coping efficacy a day after increased academic load, and parents reported increased adolescent coping efficacy a day after positive parent‐adolescent interactions. Fathers reported decreased adolescent coping efficacy a day after peer disappointment. Findings suggest positive events predominate in adolescents' lives, and their coping efficacy is sensitive to dynamic changes in the valence of context.
Molecular and Electronic Structure and Properties of the Single Benzene‐Based Fluorophores Containing Guanidine Subunit
Authors: Glasovac Zoran , Margetić Davor , Antol Ivana 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe Gibbs energies of protonation (ΔGp) and the basic photophysical properties for single‐benzene fluorophores (SBFs) containing guanidine and/or amino subunits and the changes that occur upon protonation were modeled by the TDDFT approach. The calculated ΔGp energies for amino SBFs in the S1 state range from 985 to 1100 kJ mol−1 which are below the values for guanidines. The protonation of the guanidine‐SBFs induces a hypsochromic shift of the absorption and the emission maxima with the Stokes shift of > 100 nm in both cases. Isomerization through the ESIPT process is less probable than in amino‐SBFs due to the unfavorable thermodynamics. Still, if it occurs, it leads to a strong red shift of the emission by > 150 nm. Aromaticity indices point to strong antiaromatic character of the examined guanidino‐SBFs in the FC region which decreases upon geometrical relaxation and ESIPT. The excited state proton transfer occurs in guanidine‐SBF/phenol complexes in the S1 state, stabilizing CT states and fluorescence quenching.
Rational Design for Antioxidant Diphenylamine Derivatives Using Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationships and Quantum Mechanics Calculations
Authors: Aremu Ayokanmi Joseph , Naweephattana Phiphob , Putra Ismail Dwi , Toopradab Borwornlak , Maitarad Phornphimon , Rungrotmongkol Thanyada 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTDiphenylamine (DPA) derivatives, used as antioxidants in rubber‐based products, inhibit autoxidation by donating hydrogen atoms to peroxyl radicals. Octanol–water partition coefficient (LogKow), an antioxidant index, helps predict their distribution in hydrophobic polymer matrices. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the structure of DPA derivatives and their antioxidant activities, using machine learning with quantitative structure–activity relationships (QSAR) and quantum mechanics (QM). The structure of DPA derivatives was optimized using Density Functional Theory and analyzed for molecular properties. The QSAR models were trained using important descriptors identified through permutation importance. Among the models developed, the Gradient Boosting Regressor (GBR) showed the best performance, with R2 of 0.983 and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.642 for the test set. SHAP analysis revealed that molecular weight and electronic properties significantly influenced LogKow predictions. For instance, a higher molecular weight was associated with increased LogKow, and a higher positive charge of C2 correlated with higher LogKow predictions. Consequently, the two potent compounds (D1 and D2) were designed based on QSAR model guidance. The GBR model predicted LogKow values of 9.789 and 7.102 for D1 and D2, respectively, which are higher than the training compounds in the model. To gain molecular insight, the quantum chemical calculations with M062X/6–311++G(d,p)//M062X/6‐31G(d,p) were performed to investigate the bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE). The results showed that D1 (79.50 kcal/mol) and D2 (72.43 kcal/mol) exhibited lower BDEs than the reference compounds, suggesting that the designed compounds have the potential for enhanced antioxidant activity. In addition, the antioxidant reaction mechanism was studied by using M062X/6–311++G(d,p)//M062X/6‐31G(d,p) which found that the hydrogen atom transfer is the key step, where D1 and D2 showed activation energy barriers of 10.38 and 6.29 kcal/mol, respectively, compared to reference compounds of R3 (10.39 kcal/mol), R1 (10.40 kcal/mol), and R2 (18.26 kcal/mol). Therefore, our findings demonstrate that integrating QSAR with quantum chemical calculations can effectively guide the design of DPA derivatives with improved antioxidant properties.
Unraveling pH Regulation of TMEM175, an Endolysosomal Cation Channel With a Role in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Schulze Tobias , Rauh Oliver , Thiel Gerhard , Fertig Niels , Bazzone Andre , Grimm Christian 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTransmembrane protein 175 (TMEM175) is an endolysosomal cation channel, which has attracted much attention recently from academics and the pharmaceutical industry alike since human mutations in TMEM175 were found to be associated with the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). Thus, gain‐of‐function mutations were identified, which reduce and loss‐of‐function mutations, which increase the risk of developing PD. After having been characterized as an endolysosomal potassium channel initially, soon after TMEM175 was claimed to act as a proton channel. In fact, recent evidence suggests that depending on the conditions, TMEM175 can act as either a potassium or proton channel, without acting as an antiporter or exchanger. A recent work has now identified amino acid H57 to be directly involved in gating, increasing proton conductance of the channel while leaving the potassium conductance unaffected. We review here the current knowledge of TMEM175 function, pharmacology, physiology, and pathophysiology. We discuss the potential of this ion channel as a novel drug target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as PD, and we discuss the discovery of H57 as proton sensor.
Small Extracellular Vesicles Engineered Using Click Chemistry to Express Chimeric Antigen Receptors Show Enhanced Efficacy in Acute Liver Failure
Authors: Lu Yen‐Ting , Chen Tzu‐Yu , Lin Hsin‐Hung , Chen Ya‐Wen , Lin Yu‐Xiu , Le Duy‑Cuong , Huang Yen‐Hua , Wang Andrew H.‐J. , Lee Cheng‐Chung , Ling Thai‐Yen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAcetaminophen (APAP) overdose can cause severe liver injury and life‐threatening conditions that may lead to multiple organ failure without proper treatment. N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) is the accepted and prescribed treatment for detoxification in cases of APAP overdose. Nonetheless, in acute liver failure (ALF), particularly when the ingestion is substantial, NAC may not fully restore liver function. NAC administration in ALF has limitations and potential adverse effects, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, flatus, gastroesophageal reflux, and anaphylactoid reactions. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)‐based therapies using paracrine activity show promise for treating ALF, with preclinical studies demonstrating improvement. Recently, MSC‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a new therapeutic option for liver injury. MSC‐derived EVs can contain various therapeutic cargos depending on the cell of origin, participate in physiological processes, and respond to abnormalities. However, most therapeutic EVs lack a distinct orientation upon entering the body, resulting in a lack of targeting specificity. Therefore, enhancing the precision of natural EV delivery systems is urgently needed. Thus, we developed an advanced targeting technique to deliver modified EVs within the body. Our strategy aims to employ bioorthogonal click chemistry to attach a targeting molecule to the surface of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), creating exogenous chimeric antigen receptor‐modified sEVs (CAR‐sEVs) for the treatment. First, we engineered azido‐modified sEVs (N3‐sEVs) through metabolic glycoengineering by treating MSCs with the azide‐containing monosaccharide N‐azidoacetyl‐mannosamine (Ac4ManNAz). Next, we conjugated N3‐sEVs with a dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO)‐tagged single‐chain variable fragment (DBCO‐scFv) that targets the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGR1), thus producing CAR‐sEVs for precise liver targeting. The efficacy of CAR‐sEV therapy in ALF models by targeting ASGR1 was validated. MSC‐derived CAR‐sEVs reduced serum liver enzymes, mitigated liver damage, and promoted hepatocyte proliferation in APAP‐induced injury. Overall, CAR‐sEVs exhibited enhanced hepatocyte specificity and efficacy in ameliorating liver injury, highlighting the significant advancements achievable with cell‐free targeted therapy.
Tale of Two n‐Backs: Diverging Associations of Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Activation With n‐Back Task Performance
Authors: Tubiolo Philip N. , Williams John C. , Van Snellenberg Jared X. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn studying the neural correlates of working memory (WM) ability via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in health and disease, it is relatively uncommon for investigators to report associations between brain activation and measures of task performance. Additionally, how the choice of WM task impacts observed activation–performance relationships is poorly understood. We sought to illustrate the impact of WM task on brain–behavior correlations using two large, publicly available datasets. We conducted between‐participants analyses of task‐based fMRI data from two publicly available datasets: The Human Connectome Project (HCP; n = 866) and the Queensland Twin Imaging (QTIM) Study (n = 459). Participants performed two distinct variations of the n‐back WM task with different stimuli, timings, and response paradigms. Associations between brain activation ([2‐back − 0‐back] contrast) and task performance (2‐back % correct) were investigated separately in each dataset, as well as across datasets, within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), medial prefrontal cortex, and whole cortex. Global patterns of activation to task were similar in both datasets. However, opposite associations between activation and task performance were observed in bilateral pre‐supplementary motor area and left middle frontal gyrus. Within the dlPFC, HCP participants exhibited a significantly greater activation–performance relationship in bilateral middle frontal gyrus relative to QTIM Study participants. The observation of diverging activation–performance relationships between two large datasets performing variations of the n‐back task serves as a critical reminder for investigators to exercise caution when selecting WM tasks and interpreting neural activation in response to a WM task.
Autologous bone grafting combined with spheroid‐based matrix‐induced autologous chondrocyte implantation for osteochondral defects of the knee: Good clinical outcomes alongside abnormal postoperative gait patterns
Authors: Oehme Stephan , Milinkovic Danko Dan , Paolucci Azzurra , Krafzick Sophie , Fahy Stephen , Damm Philipp , Winkler Tobias , Jung Tobias , Bartek Benjamin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes of autologous bone grafting with spheroid‐based matrix‐induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MABCI) for osteochondral defects of the knee by analysing pre‐ and postoperative patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs). Postoperative gait analysis was conducted and compared with a matched healthy control group to investigate biomechanical deviations.MethodsA total of 35 patients (m: 21, f: 14; mean defect size: 4.2 ± 2.4 cm², localisation: femoral condyle: 31, patellofemoral: 5) were analysed. The mean follow‐up was 42.6 ± 22.8 months. International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), PROMIS 29 profile, and a questionnaire on patient perception of treatment success were assessed to evaluate PROMs. 3D‐instrumented gait analysis (GRAIL, Motek) was used to assess lower extremity kinematics, kinetics and vertical ground reaction forces, compared to sex‐, age‐ and body mass index‐matched healthy controls.ResultsAll clinical scores showed significant improvement compared to the preoperative condition (IKDC: 73.1 ± 10.1 vs. 56.6 ± 17.2, p < 0.01; KOOS subcategories: pain 82.0 [±12.7] vs. 70.7 [±16.7] [p < 0.01], symptoms 79.1 [±20.3] vs. 68.9 [±13.9] [p < 0.01], activities of daily living 90.1 [±11.2] vs. 80.5 [±15.6] [p < 0.01], sport and recreational function: 65.3 [±19.3] vs. 51.3 [±26.29] [p < 0.01], quality of life 52.2 [±18.6] vs. 42.6 [±18.6] [p < 0.01]; numeric pain rating scale: 2.7 ± 2.0 vs. 5.0 ± 2.5, p < 0.01). The analysed patients reported a high satisfaction rate (94.3%). Self‐selected walking speed was significantly lower than in healthy controls (1.17 ± 0.17 m/s vs. 0.98 ± 0.18 m/s, p < 0.01). Peak knee flexion angle (PKA) during loading response was significantly smaller (9.6° ± 7.0 vs. 17.7° ± 4.6, p < 0.01), and knee extension moment was significantly reduced (0.1 Nm/kg ± 0.2 vs. 0.4 Nm/kg ± 0.2, p < 0.01).ConclusionMABCI is an effective treatment for osteochondral knee defects, showing significant improvements in all evaluated PROMs. Postoperative gait analysis revealed abnormal gait patterns, including reduced PKA and lower knee extension moment, suggesting a need for further rehabilitation to optimise functional recovery.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Age‐specific over‐the‐top techniques for physeal sparing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in skeletally immature patients: Current concepts for prepubescents to older adolescents
Authors: Grassi Alberto , Borque Kyle A. , Laughlin Mitzi S. , Tao Matthew A. , Zaffagnini Stefano 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTailored surgical strategies for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in skeletally immature patients are presented, emphasizing techniques to minimize growth plate damage and ensure stability. As ACL injuries in youth increase, delaying surgery can lead to joint damage and poor recovery outcomes. Using magnetic resonance imaging‐based assessments of skeletal maturity, the authors propose the ‘over‐the‐top (OTT)’ approach with lateral tenodesis, adapted for three growth stages: prepubescents, young adolescents and older adolescents. For prepubescents, the extra‐physeal approach avoids growth plate drilling; for young adolescents, the supra‐physeal technique places tunnels above the growth plate; and for older adolescents, the trans‐physeal method mirrors adult techniques, as growth plates are closing. The minimally invasive OTT technique preserves hamstring insertion, ensures isometric graft placement, and allows for combined intra‐ and extra‐articular procedures to improve rotational control and protect the graft. Clinical outcomes highlight high return‐to‐sport rates, minimal growth disturbances, and low failure rates, although older adolescents show higher graft failures due to activity levels. Various adaptations of the OTT and lateral tenodesis techniques utilizing hamstring tendons provide promising solutions for addressing ACL injuries in skeletally immature patients, ranging from prepubescence to late adolescence. Assessing skeletal age and estimating remaining bone growth are essential for selecting the most appropriate surgical method. The biomechanical principles and positive clinical results observed across different patient groups highlight these techniques as effective, safe and attractive options for managing these challenging cases.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
3D kinematics of noncontact and indirect contact ACL injuries in elite male football players
Authors: Ranzini Alice , Alessandro Cristiano , Nitri Monica , Pellegrini Alessandro , Esposito Fabio , Della Villa Francesco , Zago Matteo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeOur primary goal was to deepen the understanding of the mechanisms leading to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries by reconstructing the three‐dimensional (3D) joint kinematics of ACL injuries that occurred in professional male football matches. In particular, we aimed to compare the time courses of trunk and injured limb joint angles between noncontact and indirect contact injury mechanisms.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional observational study, we analysed a total of 27 cases (18 noncontact, 9 indirect contact). Whole‐body 3D kinematics preceding and during ACL injuries was reconstructed using the Model‐Based Image‐Matching technique, implemented in Blender. For each injury, television footage from multiple perspectives (≥2, nine frames per view) were used, and Euler's joint angles across all the anatomical planes were extracted. The joint angle time courses of both the trunk and the injured limb, comprising 12 waveforms in total, were compared between injury mechanisms and Statistical Parametric Mapping was used to detect significant clusters.ResultsCompared to noncontact injuries, indirect contact cases showed a lower hip abduction (−16°, p = 0.003), knee internal rotation (~3°, p < 0.001) at the initial contact with the ground, and ankle dorsiflexion (~7°, p = 0.035) at instants before the initial ground contact. These differences resulted from the player's adaptation to the sudden (yet variable) mechanical perturbation due to the contact with the opponent.ConclusionMechanical interactions with other players impact segmental kinematics before and during ACL injuries in professional male football. These findings reinforce the importance of considering the sport‐specificity of mechanisms in injury prevention.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Localization Matters: Impacts of PEG‐J Localization in Intestinal Levodopa Therapy for Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Klocke Philipp , Loeffler Moritz A. , Cebi Idil , Grund Karl‐Ernst , Daniels Christine , Volkmann Jens , Koschel Jiri , Jost Wolfgang H. , Logmin Kazimierz , Wojtecki Lars , Werner Christoph R. , Weiss Daniel 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundReal‐world clinical evidence is missing to understand the resorption characteristics of levodopa through duodenal and jejunal parts of the small intestine.ObjectiveTo characterize how different application sites of intestinal levodopa gel would impact on levodopa dosing and clinical outcomes.MethodsThis multicentre retrospective analysis investigated Parkinson's disease patients (n = 111) and their change in levodopa equivalent dosage when switching from oral treatment to intestinal continuous infusion therapy while stratifying for differences in percutaneous gastrojejunostomy (PEG‐J) tube localizations. We analyzed data from patients treated with both levodopa–carbidopa (LCIG) and levodopa–carbidopa–entacapone (LECIG) intestinal gel.ResultsIn dichotomic analysis, duodenal and jejunal tube positions showed similar levodopa equivalent dosages changes from baseline (P = 0.143). This was similar when subdividing patients for LCIG and LECIG treatment. In duodenal PEG‐J positions, 44.4% of patients showed persistent motor fluctuations compared to 21.9% in jejunal placements (P = 0.026). In duodenal positions, fluctuations most often persisted when the PEG‐J tube was placed proximally into the duodenum. In jejunal localizations, several patients displayed a satisfactory outcome from the primary intervention but experienced dislocation of the PEG‐J tube to a duodenal position. This was associated with re‐emergence of motor fluctuations in a majority of them.ConclusionsOur real‐world data suggest that LCIG and LECIG are absorbed similarly in both duodenal and jejunal portions of the small intestine. However, clinical data suggest, that jejunal positioning is critical to the stabilization of dopaminergic motor fluctuations.
Adaptable, wearable, and stretchable coils: A review
Authors: Ramesh Thejas Vishnu , Narongrit Folk W. , Rispoli Joseph V. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOver the last four decades, there have been various evolutions in the design and development of coils, from volume coils to the recent introduction of wireless receive arrays. A recent aim has been to develop coils that can closely conform to the anatomy of interest to increase the acquired signal. This goal has given rise to designs ranging from adaptable transmit coils to on‐body stretchable receive arrays made using fabric or elastomer substrates. This review covers the design, fabrication details, experimental setup, and MRI results of adaptable, wearable, and stretchable MRI coils. The active and passive automatic tuning and matching strategies are examined with respect to mitigating signal‐to‐noise ratio reduction when the coil form is altered. A brief discussion of wireless MRI coils, which provide a solution to overcome the cabling issues associated with MRI coil development, is also included. The adaptable, wearable, and stretchable coils and various coil tuning techniques represent innovative radiofrequency coil solutions that pave the way for next‐generation MRI hardware development.