bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can an organizationally anchored, multilevel intervention improve perceived stress and psychosocial factors in the workplace? A pre-post study assessing effectiveness and implementation
Authors: Dalgaard Vita Ligaya , Kirkegaard Tanja , Wåhlin-Jacobsen Christian Dyrlund , Aust Birgit , Jaspers Sofie , Jønsson Thomas Faurholt , Winding Trine Nøhr 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Organizational multilevel interventions have been called for as a means to improve psychosocial working conditions, reduce stress, and enhance wellbeing in organizations. However, these types of interventions are highly complex to implement and evaluate, and they remain scarce in the literature. In this study, we present the evaluation of a multilevel intervention conducted in a municipality setting.

Methods
The intervention was based on a train-the-trainer principle and participatory risk assessment workshops on all organizational levels. Action plans were subsequently developed at the team level, and identified risks, which could not be addressed at the team level, were reported to the management for further action planning or escalation to the next management level. Using a pre-post study design, we evaluated changes in proximal outcomes related to the psychosocial working environment, and distal outcomes related to stress and job satisfaction. Changes over time in outcome measures were analyzed using linear mixed models. A quantitative process evaluation was used to examine the degree of implementation of the intervention.

Results
Small improvements over time were observed with regard to quantitative demands, overall perception of the psychosocial work environment, job satisfaction, and the psychosocial safety climate. We also observed an increase in empowering leadership. Positive tendencies were also found for predicatability at work, possibilities for solving work tasks and support from closest manager. The effect sizes were small in all cases. No improvements in perceived stress or stress symptoms were found. The study revealed several practical and methodological challenges in conducting and implementing this type of multilevel intervention in a municipal setting.

Conclusions
Overall, our study suggests that the intervention was associated with small positive changes in certain aspects of the working environment but no improvements were observed in stress outcomes. The study highlights a number of challenges in relation to implementing this type of multilevel intervention in a municipal setting.

Trial Registration
The study was prospectively registered at ISRCTN84940247 on April 23, 2019.
Multiomics unravels the complexity of male obesity: a prospective observational study
Authors: Papadakis Georgios E. , Favre Lucie , Zouaghi Yassine , Vionnet Nathalie , Niederländer Nicolas J. , Adamo Michela , Acierno James S. , Berdous Dassine , Boizot Alexia , Meylan Jenny , Ivanisevic Julijana , Paccou Emmanuelle , Gallart-Ayala Hector , Reyns Tim , Van Caeneghem Elise , Lapauw Bruno , Pasquier Jérôme , Aleman Yasser , Mantziari Styliani , Salamin Olivier , Nicoli Raul , Kuuranne Tiia , Fiers Tom , Hagmann Patric , Santoni Federico , Messina Andrea , Pitteloud Nelly 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Obesity is associated with varying degrees of metabolic dysfunction. In this study, we aimed to discover markers of the severity of metabolic impairment in men with obesity via a multiomics approach.

Methods
Thirty-two morbidly men with obesity who were candidates for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery were prospectively followed. Nine healthy adults served as controls. Deep phenotyping, including targeted metabolomics, transcriptomics, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), was performed.

Results
Testosterone emerged as a key contributor to phenotypic variability via principal component analysis and was therefore used to further categorize obese patients as having or not having hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH). Despite having comparable body mass indices, obese individuals with HH presented with worse metabolic defects than obese individuals without HH, including higher insulin resistance, as well as MRI signs of hypothalamic inflammation and a specific blood transcriptomics signature. The upregulated genes were involved mainly in inflammation, mitochondrial function, and protein translation. Integration of gene expression and clinical data revealed high FGF21 and low cortisol levels as the top markers correlated with the transcriptomic signature of metabolic risk. Following RYGB-induced substantial weight loss, testosterone levels markedly increased in both obese individuals with and without HH, challenging the current definition of hypogonadism. A longitudinal study in a subset of men with obesity following bariatric surgery revealed a unique FGF21 trajectory with a sharp peak at one month post-RYGB that correlated with metabolic and reproductive improvements.

Conclusions
Combining clinical, biochemical, and molecular markers allows adequate stratification of metabolic risk in men with obesity and provides novel tools for personalized care.
Lewy body diseases and the gut
Authors: Sampson Timothy R. , Tansey Malú Gámez , West Andrew B. , Liddle Rodger A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) involvement in Lewy body diseases (LBDs) has been observed since the initial descriptions of patients by James Parkinson. Recent experimental and human observational studies raise the possibility that pathogenic alpha-synuclein (⍺-syn) might develop in the GI tract and subsequently spread to susceptible brain regions. The cellular and mechanistic origins of ⍺-syn propagation in disease are under intense investigation. Experimental LBD models have implicated important contributions from the intrinsic gut microbiome, the intestinal immune system, and environmental toxicants, acting as triggers and modifiers to GI pathologies. Here, we review the primary clinical observations that link GI dysfunctions to LBDs. We first provide an overview of GI anatomy and the cellular repertoire relevant for disease, with a focus on luminal-sensing cells of the intestinal epithelium including enteroendocrine cells that express ⍺-syn and make direct contact with nerves. We describe interactions within the GI tract with resident microbes and exogenous toxicants, and how these may directly contribute to ⍺-syn pathology along with related metabolic and immunological responses. Finally, critical knowledge gaps in the field are highlighted, focusing on pivotal questions that remain some 200 years after the first descriptions of GI tract dysfunction in LBDs. We predict that a better understanding of how pathophysiologies in the gut influence disease risk and progression will accelerate discoveries that will lead to a deeper overall mechanistic understanding of disease and potential therapeutic strategies targeting the gut-brain axis to delay, arrest, or prevent disease progression.
Feruloyl-amides as natural antimicrobials for crop and food protection
Authors: Dozio Denise , Ghosh Sharmila , Consolini Daniele Alessandro , Ermini Starna Josè Luis , Pinto Loris , Baruzzi Federico , Contente Martina Letizia , Pinto Andrea , Cortesi Paolo , Princiotto Salvatore , Kunova Andrea , Dallavalle Sabrina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Plants have developed multiple chemical defence responses against pathogen attacks. The main mechanism of defence is based on a rapid transcriptional reprogramming of genes encoding biosynthetic enzymes that synthesize specific secondary metabolites. Increasing evidence indicates phenylamides (PAs) as an important group of bioactive compounds in food plants.

Results
We synthesized a small collection of ferulic acid-derived phenylamides by chemoenzymatic approaches. The compounds were tested against fungal and bacterial pathogens to assess their antimicrobial potential. The treatment with the synthesized phenylamides showed modest inhibition of the fungal growth (up to 25%) and had no significant influence on spore germination, whereas some of the compounds gave a considerable inhibition of Pyricularia oryzae appressorium formation, up to 94%. They also exhibited in vitro antibacterial activity against six foodborne bacterial pathogens. Monitoring of six growth parameters (taking into account growth rate, time and absorbance) measured during 24 h incubation showed that the synthesized molecules, assayed at four concentrations between 12.5 and 100 mg/L, produced a stronger average antimicrobial effect against Gram-positive pathogenic strains than against Gram-negative ones.

Conclusions
The obtained results evidenced that the effect of this class of compounds is mainly related to blocking fungal virulence mechanisms, mediated by a significant effect on appressorium maturation, rather than to mycelium growth inhibition. Together with the observed in vitro antibacterial activity against foodborne bacterial pathogens, we conclude that PAs are promising candidates for future developments in the agri-food sector.

Graphical Abstract
Outcomes and safety of mechanical thrombectomy, alteplase, and conventional medical care in the treatment of acute M2 segment middle cerebral artery occlusion: a comparative study
Authors: Khedr Eman M. , Elbassiouny Ahmed , Nageeb Mahmoud , Aly Ahmed , Mohamed Khalid O. , Haridy Nourelhoda A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Data on mechanical thrombectomy (MT) to treat M2 occlusions of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) are sparse. We report the outcome and safety of MT versus intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV rTPA) versus conventional medical treatment (CMT) of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to occlusion of the M2 segment of the MCA. This prospective longitudinal intervention study compared the outcomes and safety of MT, rTPA, and CMT in M2 occlusion AIS patients. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin scale (mRS), and recanalization rate assessed outcomes.

Results
74 AIS patients were recruited (23 MT, 23 rTPA, 28CMT). MT group had significantly higher admission NIHSS (p = 0.018) and mRS (p = 0.023) than rTPA. At 24 h, NIHSS improved more with MT and rTPA than CMT (p < 0.0001). At 3 months, mRS were better with MT and rTPA versus CMT (p < 0.0001). Successful recanalization occurred in 73.9% of the MT group. 69% of the MT group required stent retrieval plus aspiration thrombectomy, and 60.9% required ≥ 3 trials, but outcomes did not differ by technique or number of trials. A good outcome (mRS 0–2) at 3 months was achieved in 69.6% MT versus 65.2% rTPA versus 7.1% CMT (p < 0.0001). Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) rates were slightly, but insignificantly, higher with CMT. Mortality did not significantly differ between groups.

Conclusions
For M2 occlusions, MT and rTPA achieved better early and 3-month outcomes than CMT; however, MT was not superior to rTPA. MT of M2 is feasible and effective, with a lower hemorrhage rate than rTPA and CMT.

Trial registration: This study was prospectively registered in the clinical trial with ClinicalTrials.gov ID (NCT05091320). The link: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05091320
Bridging past and present: exploring Cannabis traditions in Armenia through ethnobotanical interviews and bibliographic prospecting
Authors: Balant Manica , Garnatje Teresa , Vitales Daniel , Oganesian Marine , Vallès Joan , Stepanyan-Gandilyan Nina , Gras Airy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background

Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae) has been widely used by humans throughout its history for a variety of purposes (medicinal, alimentary and other uses). Armenia, with its rich cultural history and diverse ecosystems, offers a unique context for ethnobotanical research about traditional uses of Cannabis. The present work aims to study and preserve the local traditional knowledge about Cannabis in Armenia by conducting interviews with informants and through a literature review.

Methods
The first part of the dataset was gathered with ethnobotanical surveys, through questionnaires conducted with 27 informants. The second part of the data was obtained from a comprehensive bibliographic search in English, Armenian and Russian language. Since the data acquisition was different, the quantitative analyses (calculation of the number of use reports and percentages) were performed separately.

Results
During the interviews 52 use reports and 3 vernacular names were recorded, while the bibliographic data from 20 references, provided us with 56 use reports and 17 Cannabis vernacular names, from the 5th century to 2020. Our results indicate that medicinal applications, particularly for human ailments, and fibre use have markedly dwindled, contrasting with earlier epochs. However, the Cannabis seeds continue to be consumed in celebrative and symbolic dishes such as aghandz and tolma.

Conclusions
The recent decline in the medicinal use of Cannabis contrasts with earlier periods when access to pharmacological remedies was limited, and societal views of the plant were more positive. This shift can be partly attributed to the impact of legal restrictions. In contrast, the use of Cannabis seeds for alimentary purposed is importantly maintained nowadays. As medicinal use, fibre use has also declined, largely due to the availability of more competitive modern products. The loss of vernacular names over time, as detected in this study, also reflects the erosion of traditional knowledge, which correlates with diminishing use. Despite the small sample size and limited geographic scope, the combination of two approaches—information from contemporary informants and a systematic bibliographic review—has provided valuable insights into the changes in the traditional use of Cannabis in Armenia, that has not been explored in this way before.
Long-Term Thyroid Outcomes After COVID-19 Vaccination: A Cohort Study of 2 333 496 Patients From the TriNetX Network
Authors: Cheng Kai-Lun , Yu Wei-Shin , Wang Yu-Hsun , Ibarburu Gema Hernández , Lee Hsiang-Lin , Wei James Cheng-Chung 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Context
Reports on long-term thyroid dysfunction following COVID-19 vaccination are limited. Understanding the risk of subacute thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism in vaccinated individuals is crucial for postvaccination monitoring.

Objective
This study evaluated the risk of thyroid dysfunction in individuals vaccinated against COVID-19 compared to unvaccinated individuals, using a large cohort.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023, using the TriNetX database, including 1 166 748 vaccinated and 1 166 748 unvaccinated individuals. Propensity score matching was used to balance baseline characteristics. The primary outcomes were new diagnoses of subacute thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism.

Results
The risk of subacute thyroiditis remained unchanged (95% CIs included 1). A significant reduction in hyperthyroidism risk was observed from 3 to 9 months postvaccination (hazard ratios [HRs]: 0.65-0.89, all 95% CIs below 1), but this trend was not significant at 12 months (HR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.92-1.06). In contrast, the risk of hypothyroidism significantly increased from 6 to 12 months postvaccination (HR: 1.14-1.30, all 95% CIs above 1). Among mRNA vaccine recipients, the risk of both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism was significantly elevated at 12 months (HR: 1.16-2.13).

Conclusion
COVID-19 vaccination was associated with a reduced risk of hyperthyroidism and an increased risk of hypothyroidism, highlighting the need for ongoing thyroid function monitoring.
Bone Health and Linear Growth in Children With Familial Hypoparathyroidism Treated With Human Parathyroid Hormone 1-34
Authors: Winer Karen K , Zemel Babette S , Kelly Andrea , Reynolds James C , Pechacek Joseph , Webb Taura , Hans Didier , Lionakis Michail S , Kalkwarf Heidi J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Context
Our study explores the impact of human parathyroid hormone (PTH) 1-34 injections (PTH therapy) on growth, areal bone mineral density (BMD), and bone quality (measured by trabecular bone score, TBS) in hypoparathyroidism due to autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1) or an activating variant of the calcium sensing receptor (CaR).

Objective
To assess associations of (1) age and PTH therapy duration with age-standardized Z-scores for height (HAZ), BMD (BMD-Z), and TBS (TBS-Z) in CaR or APS-1, and (2) APS-1 disease severity with BMD-Z and TBS-Z.

Methods
This secondary analysis pooled linear growth and lumbar spine (LS) dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry data from studies of hypoparathyroidism with mean baseline age of 13.7 ± 5.5 years. Comparing the 2 diagnostic etiologies (18 APS-1 and 9 CaR), we examined the impact of age and PTH duration on HAZ, LS-BMD-Z, and LS-TBS-Z using longitudinal mixed-effects modeling.

Results
During PTH therapy, mean HAZ remained below 0 in the APS-1 group at all ages, whereas HAZ increased in the CaR group (age by group interaction P &lt; .0001). Mean LS-BMD-Z were normal (BMD-Z: 0 ± 1) for both groups. Mean LS-TBS-Z were near or above 0 and differed by group; CaR showed an upward trajectory according to time on PTH whereas the APS-1 group maintained a LS-TBS-Z of approximately 0 (time by group interaction P = .02). The APS-1 group with greater disease severity (≥7 manifestations) had lower LS-BMD-Z and LS-TBS-Z than the less severe APS-1 or CaR groups.

Conclusion
Our study highlights distinct growth and BMD patterns in APS-1 and CaR and underscores the need for careful monitoring and tailored treatment strategies to optimize growth and bone health.
Strong nanophotonic quantum squeezing exceeding 3.5  dB in a foundry-compatible Kerr microresonator
Authors: Shen Yichen , Hsieh Ping-Yen , Sridhar Sashank Kaushik , Feldman Samantha , Chang You-Chia , Smith Thomas A. , Dutt Avik 
Published: January 2025

Squeezed light, with its quantum noise reduction capabilities, has emerged as a powerful resource in quantum information processing and precision metrology. To reach noise reduction levels such that a quantum advantage is achieved, off-chip squeezers are typically used. The development of on-chip squeezed light sources, particularly in nanophotonic platforms, has been challenging. We report 3.7±0.2dB of directly detected nanophotonic quantum squeezing using foundry-fabricated silicon nitride (Si3N4) microrings with an inferred squeezing level of 10.2 dB on-chip. The squeezing level is robust across multiple devices and pump detunings, and is consistent with the overcoupling degree without noticeable degradation from excess classical noise. We also offer insights to mitigate thermally induced excess noise, which typically degrades squeezing, by using small-radius rings with a larger free spectral range (450 GHz) and consequently lower parametric oscillation thresholds. Our results demonstrate that Si3N4 is a viable platform for strong quantum noise reduction in a CMOS-compatible, scalable architecture.
Long-term engagement in smoking cessation campaign: A mixed methods randomized trial
Authors: Schwartz Robert , Borland Tracey , Shahid Maaz , Kuzmich Karen , Chaiton Michael 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
A long-term engagement (LTE) intervention was embedded in a social marketing campaign aimed at motivating quit attempts among Canadian adult commercial tobacco users 35 to 64 years of age. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness and appeal of LTE within a marketing campaign.

Methods
3,199 Canadians who smoked cigarettes aged 35–64 recruited using Facebook and Instagram advertisements were randomized into Intervention and Control groups. Over the course of two years, Intervention Group participants received monthly emails connecting them to campaign news and activities, Mini Surveys to inform campaign refinement, feedback opportunities via focus groups and interviews, financial incentives, and proactive knowledge exchange presenting study findings. Both groups responded to a baseline and follow-up surveys every six months.

Results
LTE Intervention Group participants engaged frequently with emails (unique opens, open rates, click rates, and total clicks). Compared with Control Group members, they had significantly higher rates of: unaided and aided campaign awareness; engagement with the social marketing campaign (website visits, social media visits, likes/shares); actions towards making quit attempts; quit attempts. Many participants expressed feelings of motivation, support, and a sense of belonging.

Conclusions
When embedded in a social marketing campaign, meaningful long-term engagement of adults who smoke cigarettes shows promise as an intervention to promote quitting behaviors.

Implications
Active long-term engagement can significantly amplify the effects of social marketing campaigns aimed at promoting quit smoking behaviours among adults. The active engagement approach applied indicates that frequent long-term engagement is more effective when done in a more holistic, empathetic manner. The intervention also allows for real-time learning to support campaign development.

Trial registration
ISRCTN94797633.
The effects of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine rehabilitation programs on post-acute ankle sprain: A randomized controlled trial study protocol
Authors: Gao Hang , Chen Xiao , Ren Jiayi , Zhang Xinglai , Hu Yuqian , Ma Zhao , Gu Yuanjia , Tao Jiming , Yuan Weian 
Published: January 2025

Background
Ankle sprain is a common clinical disease, which has the highest incidence rate among joint and ligament injuries. And acute ankle sprains can easily develop into chronic ankle instability, thereby increasing the difficulty of treatment. The current clinical guidelines for post-acute ankle sprains are still controversial. Pain and functional impairment are the most significant symptoms after ankle sprain. The main purpose of this study is to explore the safety and effectiveness of the intervention of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine rehabilitation programs on post-acute ankle sprains.

Methods
This study is a single center, prospective, intervention randomized controlled trial with a control group. 174 patients of 18–35 years old with post-acute ankle sprain will be included. A randomized controlled study is conducted and divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group receive routine treatment, while the experimental group receive integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine rehabilitation programs. The intervention lasted for a total of 2 weeks. The main outcome measures are Visual Analog Scale and Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire; the secondary outcome measures are the Foot Ankle Ability Assessment Scale, AOFAS Ankle Posterior Foot Scale, torque and gait. This study protocol aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine rehabilitation programs by comparing the results of two groups before and after treatment. This protocol will follow the SPIRIT guidance.

Discussion
At present, there is a lack of rehabilitation management for post-acute ankle sprains. Therefore, this study has the potential to improve the healthcare for post-acute ankle sprains patients and might be used for future standardized evidence-based rehabilitation concepts.

Trial registration
The trial was registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=234465 (Registration No.: ChiCTR2400087456). Date: 2024-07-29.
Lapurdiko mintzoen aurkezpen dialektologikoa
Authors: Camino Iñaki 
Published: January 2025

Lapurdi inguratzen duten berrikuntzen konstelazio franko dago euskararen geografian, baina lapurtar guztiak ez dira berdin mintzatzen, eskualde batetik bestera aldea dago, badira berrikuntza-eremuak Lapurdi barrenean ere, eta horien eskema aurkezten dut saio honetan. Ikuspegi xehea dakart Lapurdiko berrikuntzez eta erakusten dut zein berrikuntza-eremutakoak diren Lapurdiko hainbat eta hainbat hizkuntza-aldaera berri: batzuk hedadura handikoak dira, baina beste batzuk eskualde ttipiagoan baliatzen dira. Nafar-lapurtarra deitu ohi den euskalkiaren ezaugarrien kronologiaz ere mintzo naiz llabur.