bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Q‐EANet: Implicit social modeling for trajectory prediction via experience‐anchored queries
Authors: Chen Jiuyu , Wang Zhongli , Wang Jian , Cai Baigen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAccurately predicting the future trajectory and behavior of traffic participants is crucial for the maneuvers of self‐driving vehicles. Many existing works employed a learning‐based “encoder‐interactor‐decoder” structure, but they often fail to clearly articulate the relationship between module selections and real‐world interactions. As a result, these approaches tend to rely on a simplistic stacking of attention modules. To address this issue, a trajectory prediction network (Q‐EANet) is presented in this study, which integrates GRU encoders, MLPs and attention modules. By introducing a new explanatory rule, it makes a contribution to interpretable modeling, models the entire trajectory prediction process via an implicit social modeling formula. Inspired by the anchoring effect in decision psychology, the prediction task is formulated as an information query process that occurs before traffic participants make decisions. Specifically, Q‐EANet uses GRUs to encode features and utilizes attention modules to aggregates interaction information for generating the target trajectory anchors. Then, queries are introduced for further interaction. These queries, along with the trajectory anchors with added Gaussian noise, are then processed by a GRU‐based decoder. The final prediction results are obtained through a Laplace MDN. Experimental results on the several benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of Q‐EANet in trajectory prediction tasks. Compared to the existing works, the proposed method achieves state‐of‐the‐art performance with only simple module design. The code for this work is publicly available at https://github.com/Jctrp/socialea.
Harmonic elimination of a fifteen‐level inverter with reduced number of switches using genetic algorithm
Authors: Joshi Yogesh , Letha Shimi Sudha , Bakhsh Farhad Ilahi , Jaat Gopal Lal , Tilak Suyash 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMultilevel inverters play a crucial role in high‐power renewable energy applications and medium voltage drives. However, existing solutions such as capacitor‐clamped and diode‐clamped multilevel inverters are not suitable for these applications due to their dependence on isolated DC sources, complex control techniques, and potential reliability issues. Here, a novel fifteen‐level inverter topology is proposed which addresses these limitations. The proposed multilevel inverters utilize a topology with reduced number of switches, which can effectively accommodate isolated DC sources. It consists of eight switches for level generation and four switches for polarity generation (H‐bridge). One of the key advantages of this topology is that it significantly reduces the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) in accordance with the IEEE 519 standards. Genetic algorithm‐based selective harmonic elimination technique was employed for THD minimization. A detailed switching loss calculation and harmonic analysis were performed to support the effectiveness of the proposed topology and the control used. The implementation of the proposed topology is simple and straightforward. Furthermore, to validate the results, insulated gate bipolar transistor based hardware model was developed. The optimized firing pulses were generated using the dSPACE 1104 controller. The results were compared with the existing recent literature and was found to address the limitations of existing topology.
A non‐isolated single‐switch ultra‐high step‐up DC–DC converter with coupled inductor and low‐voltage stress on switch
Authors: Nadermohammadi Ali , Maalandish Mohammad , Seifi Ali , Abolhassani Pouya , Hosseini Seyed Hossein , Farsadi Murtaza 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a non‐isolated single‐switch ultra‐high step‐up (UHSU) DC–DC converter with a three‐winding coupled inductor (CI) which is utilized to achieve ultra‐high voltage gain with a small amount of duty cycle leading to low conduction losses of the power switch and higher efficiency. The voltage gain of the suggested UHSU converter is adjusted by two methods: the duty cycle of the power switch and the three‐winding CI turn ratio, therefore enhancing the design flexibility of the suggested converter. Due to the utilization of the passive clamp circuit in the structure of the proposed converter, it is possible to select a power switch with low voltage rated and small ON‐state resistance, further enhancing the converter efficiency. The operation modes are discussed in detail and to clarify the salient features of the proposed converter, a comparison with other configurations is provided. Finally, to accredit the performance of the proposed converter, a 150‐W laboratory archetype with an input and output voltage of 20 and 300 V, respectively, at 50 kHz switching frequency is fabricated.
Quantum BER estimation modelling and analysis for satellite‐based quantum key distribution scenarios
Authors: Khanna Abhishek , Majumder Sambuddha , Jain Adarsh , Singh Dinesh Kumar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe quantum communication channel is considered to be eavesdropped when the signal Quantum Bit Error Rate (QBER) exceeds a defined theoretical limit and is thus considered a figure of merit parameter for assessing the security of a quantum channel. This work presents a general mathematical model considering device imperfections and various sources of errors for estimating signal QBER in polarisation encoded satellite‐based QKD systems. QBER performance for satellite‐to‐ground downlink scenarios has been investigated for multiple sky brightness conditions (day time and night time operations), two operating wavebands: 800 and 1550 nm as well as for different quantum transmitter and quantum receiver architectures. Further, a novel QBER estimation analysis for inter‐satellite QKD links has also been presented. The estimation results obtained from the developed model have been validated against and found in good agreement with the measured results of the only reported satellite‐to‐ground QKD experiments till date. The presented QBER modelling and analysis will aid in system engineering and efficient design of future satellite‐based QKD systems.
Development of a networked photonic‐enabled staring radar testbed for urban surveillance
Authors: Jahangir Mohammed , Griffiths Darren , White Daniel , Donlan Gwynfor , Ren Xiaofei , Kannanthara Jithin , Singh Yeshpal , Wayman Joseph P. , Baker Chris J. , Sadler Jon P. , Reynolds S. James , Antoniou Michail 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUrban surveillance of slow‐moving small targets such as drones and birds in low to medium airspace using radar presents significant challenges. Detecting, locating and identifying such low observable targets in strong clutter requires both innovation in radar hardware design and optimisation of processing algorithms. To this end, the University of Birmingham (UoB) has set‐up a testbed of two L‐band staring radars to support performance benchmarking using datasets of target and clutter from realistic urban environment. This testbed is also providing the vehicle to understand how novel radar architectures can enhance radar capabilities. Some of the challenges in installing the radar at the UoB campus are highligted. Detailed benchmarking results are provided from urban monostatic and bistatic field trials that form the basis for performance comparison against future hardware modification. The solution to the challenge of interfacing the radar to the external oscillators is described and stand‐alone bench tests with the candidate oscillators are reported. The testbed provides a valuable capability to undertake detailed analysis of performance of Quantum photonic‐enabled radar and allows for its comparison with conventional oscillator technology for surveillance of low observable targets in the presence of urban clutter.
Anästhesie und Chirurgie der Trachea
Authors: Schieren Marc , Stoelben Erich 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungZiel dieser Übersichtsarbeit ist es, einen Überblick über das aktuelle anästhesiologische Management von Trachearesektionen zu geben.Neben dem „traditionellen“ anästhesiologischen Vorgehen, bei dem nach der Einleitung der Allgemeinanästhesie eine konventionelle endotracheale Intubation erfolgt und nach chirurgischer Eröffnung der Trachea eine Cross-Field-Intubation oder Jet-Ventilation durchgeführt wird, gibt es einen Trend zu weniger invasiven anästhesiologischen Verfahren. Regionalanästhesiologische Techniken, die auf den Erhalt der Spontanatmung abzielen, werden zunehmend beschrieben. Insbesondere für zervikale Trachealpathologien scheinen Larynxmasken vorteilhafte Alternativen zur endotrachealen Intubation zu sein.Extrakorporale Verfahren können einen suffizienten Gasaustausch und/oder eine adäquate Perfusion während komplexer Resektionen und Rekonstruktionen gewährleisten, ohne dass die Atemwegshilfsmittel das operative Feld beeinträchtigen. Sie stellen zudem eine effektive Rückfallebene dar, falls andere Verfahren zur Oxygenierung versagen.Das Spektrum der verfügbaren anästhesiologischen Techniken für operative Eingriffe an der Trachea ist immens. Um den sichersten Ansatz für den individuellen Patienten zu finden, ist eine interdisziplinäre Evaluation unerlässlich. Die Lokalisation und die Beschaffenheit der Atemwegspathologie, Begleiterkrankungen, der funktionelle Zustand des respiratorischen Systems sowie die geplante rekonstruktive Technik müssen berücksichtigt werden.Bis mehr Daten verfügbar sind, ist ein evidenzbasierter Vergleich unterschiedlicher Verfahren nicht möglich.
Blunt and Penetrating Injury to the Bowel: A Review
Authors: Skelhorne-Gross Graham , Kenny James 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTraumatic injuries to the small and large bowel are common and can be highly morbid. Identifying these injuries, especially in stable patients who suffer blunt trauma, can be challenging. It is critical that traumatic bowel injuries are diagnosed in a timely fashion as delays in diagnosis and treatment are associated with worse outcomes. The literature outlining the management of traumatic bowel injuries is mostly comprised of retrospective data and case reports/series. We have compiled the existing literature and relevant guidelines into a single resource for providers who care for traumatically injured patients.
High-density ear-EEG for understanding ear-centered EEG
Authors: Meiser Arnd , Lena Knoll Anna , Bleichner Martin G 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background. Mobile ear-EEG provides the opportunity to record EEG unobtrusively in everyday life. However, in real-life, the EEG data quickly becomes difficult to interpret, as the neural signal is contaminated by other, non-neural signal contributions. Due to the small number of electrodes in ear-EEG devices, the interpretation of the EEG becomes even more difficult. For meaningful and reliable ear-EEG, it is crucial that the brain signals we wish to record in real life are well-understood and that we make optimal use of the available electrodes. Their placement should be guided by prior knowledge about the characteristics of the signal of interest. Objective. We want to understand the signal we record with ear-EEG and make recommendations on how to optimally place a limited number of electrodes. Approach. We built a high-density ear-EEG with 31 channels spaced densely around one ear. We used it to record four auditory event-related potentials (ERPs): the mismatch negativity, the P300, the N100 and the N400. With this data, we gain an understanding of how different stages of auditory processing are reflected in ear-EEG. We investigate the electrode configurations that carry the most information and use a mass univariate ERP analysis to identify the optimal channel configuration. We additionally use a multivariate approach to investigate the added value of multi-channel recordings. Main results. We find significant condition differences for all ERPs. The different ERPs vary considerably in their spatial extent and different electrode positions are necessary to optimally capture each component. In the multivariate analysis, we find that the investigation of the ERPs benefits strongly from multi-channel ear-EEG. Significance. Our work emphasizes the importance of a strong theoretical and practical background when building and using ear-EEG. We provide recommendations on finding the optimal electrode positions. These results will guide future research employing ear-EEG in real-life scenarios.
The combined research of ultra-high vacuum CF flange joints' sealing parameters considering plastic properties of materials
Authors: Davtyan A. , Isunts H. , Vardanyan A. , Azizov A. , Avagyan V. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Computer simulation and experimental research of the
tightening processes of ultrahigh vacuum CF flange joints have been
carried out. Finite element analyses were carried out considering
the plastic properties of materials. The analysis variable
parameters are flanges' knife edge angle between the shelves
(Wheeler's and CERN's models), tip rounding radiuses, and gasket
material state (annealed and hard). Curves of changes in the stress
and strain intensities of the edge nodes of the flanges' knife edge
were obtained. Essential sealing parameters of the ultrahigh vacuum
system were also studied, such as the height of the knife edge, the
length of the knife-edge trace on the gasket (in the radial
direction), and the gap between two flanges. The mentioned sealing
parameters' measurements were carried out by the combined
method. The latter is a parameters' measurement of both computer
simulation and experimental samples and a comparison of the obtained
results. It should be noted that the sealing parameters were studied
for several tightening cycles of the flanges to research their
changes in case of multiple uses. The vital value of this research
is obtained empirical functions for calculating the height of the
flanges' knife edge based on the tightening cycles.
Development of a real-time tritium-in-water monitor
Authors: Azevedo C.D.R. , Baeza A. , Chauveau E. , Corbacho J.A. , Díaz J. , Domange J. , Marquet C. , Martínez-Roig M. , Piquemal F. , Prado D. , Veloso J.F.C.A. , Yahlali N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we report the development and performance of
a detector module envisaging a tritium-in-water real-time activity
monitor. The monitor is based on modular detection units whose
number can be chosen according to the required sensitivity. The full
system is being designed to achieve a Minimum Detectable
Activity (MDA) of 100 Bq/L of tritium-in-water activity
which is the limit established by the E.U. Council Directive
2013/51/Euratom for water intended for human consumption. The same
system can be used as a real-time pre-alert system for nuclear power
plant regarding tritium-in water environmental surveillance. The
first detector module was characterized, commissioned and installed
immediately after the discharge channel of the Arrocampo dam
(Almaraz nuclear power plant, Spain) on the Tagus river. Due to the
high sensitivity of the single detection modules, the system
requires radioactive background mitigation techniques through the
use of active and passive shielding. We have extrapolated a
MDA of 3.6 kBq/L for a single module being this value
limited by the cosmic background. The obtained value for a single
module is already compatible with a real-time environmental
surveillance and pre-alert system. Further optimization of the
single-module sensitivity will imply the reduction of the number of
modules and the cost of the detector system.
On the possibility of the 2022-like spatio-temporally compounding event across the Yangtze River Valley
Authors: Liao Zhen , An Ning , Chen Yang , Zhai Panmao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
During July–September 2022, heatwaves, droughts, forest fires and floods hit the Yangtze River Valley successively, constituting a spatio-temporally compounding event. Understanding its risks matters to disaster preparedness. Through searching for event analogues in single-model initial-condition large-ensemble climate simulations, we report that the 2022 unprecedentedly widespread and intense hot drought might have occurred as early as in the 1970s, and would become increasingly possible and spatially extensive with warming. This tendency is also supported by the conventional multi-model (CMIP6) projection, especially evident in larger ensembles. Lower reaches of the valley and parts of Southwest China have greater chances of repeated exposure to the 2022-like heat—drought—fire—flood quadruple compound events. In the presence of favorable internal variability in line with future warming, it is plausible to see more than half of the valley at simultaneous risk of the 2022-like quadruple compound event. Our possibility projection highlights the urgency of accelerating the existing univariate extremes—oriented adaptation measures to better address emerging threats from unfamiliar compound hazards.
Feeding Preference of Lace Bug Stephanitis pyri (F) on Apple Tree
Authors: Altae M M A , Al-Dahwi S S J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The results showed that the Sharabi cultivar was the most favored of the tested cultivars for infection with the reticulated bug, followed by the Al-Kagdi cultivar, and the least was the Israeli Cultivar, as the average number of adults during its peak in July was 4.46, 1.6, 4.03 insect/leaf for the Sharabi, Israeli and Al-Kagdi cultivars, respectively. While the other stages peaked in the month of August, as the average of number of nymphs reached 8.43, 3.43, and 7.76 insects/leaf for the three cultivars, respectively. As for the insect’s preference for the three plant level and four tree geographical directions, it was noted that the lower level is preferred by the insect, as the average number of infected leaves at the lower level was 5.67, 6.50, 11.83 leaf / tree. Followed by the middle level of 3.92, 5.25, 10.17 adult / leaf and the upper level of 0.00, 0.08, 0.42 adult / leaf for the months of May, June and July, respectively. The results also showed that there were differences in the insect’s preference for one of the four geographical directions, as it recorded a clear preference and significant difference for the eastern and southern directions compared with the northern and western directions. The average number of infected leaves during the month of May was 0.33, 6.00, 6.33, 0.11 leaves, and in June 0.56, 7.44, 7.22, 0.56 leaves, and in July 1.11, 13.00, 13.67, 2.11 leaves for the north, south, east and west directions, respectively.
Methods of Inducing Systemic Resistance in plants by Using Abiotic Agents to Control Powdery Mildew Pathogens
Authors: Hatem M W , Ali H A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Due to the importance of powdery mildew disease in the conditions of protected agriculture in abiotic factors in controlling powdery mildew diseases can be considered a safe alternative to fungicides. particular and exposed in general, this article aimed to study the possibility of stimulating plant resistance against powdery mildew disease by using abiotic stimuli and to investigate its preventive and curative effectiveness in controlling the disease in order to reduce the problems of using chemical pesticides and their negative effects on the environment.
Genetic Diversity of Botrytis Cinerea Which Caused Gray Mold Disease in Strawberry and Some Other Vegetable Plants
Authors: Ahmed Y M , Abed J M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The study aimed to isolate and identification the fungus Botrytis cinerea that caused gray mold disease, depending on its morphological and molecular characterizations. The results of isolation on PDA showed that 75 pure isolates were obtained from The pathogenic fungus B. cinerea is distributed as follows: Strawberry (45) isolates, eggplant (11) isolates, squash (3) isolates, cucumber (3) isolates, pepper (9) isolates, and tomato (4) isolates. DNA was extracted from 17 isolates of pathogenic fungus B. cinerea, the results of electrophoresis on 2% agarose gel, which included 17 isolates distributed in crops (strawberry 11 isolates, eggplant 4 isolates, squash and tomato one isolate each) was detected at 550 base pair(bp) of all the isolates using ITS1 and ITS4 primers. The results of detection and investigation of genetic variation of pathogenic Fungi isolates were clarified by determining the degree of kinship and drawing a phylogenetic tree An evolutionary and relationship tree was drawn using Snap Gene Viewer, When performing Allayment analysis of the isolates, the results showed that the isolates bearing the symbols (S3,S2,S1) isolated from strawberry fruits were identical to the SMGM003 strain registered in South Korea with a percentage of 100%, and isolates (S6,S5,S4) isolated from strawberry fruits are identical to the strain WMG recorded in South Korea, and isolates (S10,S9,S8) isolated from strawberry fruits are identical to the strain CIM13704 registered in China, and isolates (S11) isolated from strawberry fruits.
Management of the Yellow Corn Stem Borer, Sesamia cretica Led. Using Some Pesticides and Their Alternatives and Their Effect on Production Constituents of Yellow Corn Crop Zea mays in Kirkuk Governorate
Authors: Al Bayati K A H , Mohammed Z M , Taha A A , Hassan H H , Ahmed H A , Ali A H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Our study, the spring cultivar of the yellow corn crop was adopted in the experimental land, the aim of which was to know the best materials used in managing the corn stalk borer insect. Environmentally friendly materials were used (ash - remnants of burnt materials, in addition to table salt). In addition to our use of effective and approved pesticides in the control of stem borer in a field experiment to see the effect of the materials used on insect infestation rates It also had an effect on the killing rate of corn stalk borer larvae achieved by spraying with the experimental materials, in addition to its effect on the height of infected plants compared to the control treatmen Field surveys were conducted to find out the extent of infection with this insect in the center of Kirkuk Governorate. The experiment was repeated for the fall season 2022, with field surveys conducted for the purpose of confirming the economic importance of the insect.t. The results indicated the spread of the corn stalk borer insect in all corn-growing areas, for which tables were prepared regarding the infection rate. In the autumn season 2021 in Kirkuk Governorate. The results indicated that there was a clear effect of the materials used in the treatments, with a relative superiority of the ash and table salt treatments over the pesticide treatments (Diazinon 10% granular and Aktara EC 25).
Studying the Effect of Using Super Protein as a Food Substitute on Honey Bee Colony Activity
Authors: Al-Maini A H M , Nawar M H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The research was conducted in a private apiary in Al-Buaitha region - Baghdad governorate to evaluate the effect of adding super protein to the diet of honey bee colonies, and to note its effect on the colonies’ activity, growth, development, productivity and some characteristics of the honey produced. It is clear from the results that the best acceptance rates were achieved by the super protein treatment, and according to the results of the statistical analysis, it was significantly superior to all other treatments in terms of measuring the honey area 2.631 cm2, the brood area 1.622 cm2, and the pollen area 0.378 cm2 It was also noted that there was a positive effect in terms of honey area, where the treated cults produced more honey than the comparison treatment, with an average of (2.631 cm, 1.997 cm), respectively. The results showed that feeding with super protein encouraged the worker honey bees to raise more brood and thus increase the area of the brood, as it outperformed the comparison treatment with an average of (1.622 cm2 1.024 cm2), respectively.