bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Safety and Efficacy of Chemical Pleurodesis Agents in Patients with Malignant Pleural Effusion Admitted in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Kathamuthu Venkateshwaran , Balakrishnan Rajeshkumar , Rajendran Saravanavasan , Rathinam Prabhakaran 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Pleurodesis alleviates symptoms such as dyspnea, chest pain, cough and prevents recurrent pleural collections which require repeated thoracentesis. Pleurodesis improves the quality of life as a minimally invasive procedure. Chemical pleurodesis is preferred through tube thoracostomy in limited resource settings. The ideal sclerosing agent should be easily administered, safe, inexpensive, and widely available. The commonly used agents in tertiary care hospitals are talc (10 mg/kg), doxycycline (100 mg/kg), and povidone-iodine (20 mL, 10%). As there was no studies comparing these three together which are widely available in all limited resource settings, this study was conducted to find an efficacious, cost-effective, and safer agent among these three used in patients with malignant pleural effusion.

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of the chemical pleurodesis agents used in patients with malignant pleural effusion.

Methods:
The study was conducted on 30 patients of malignant pleural effusion admitted to the department of respiratory medicine in the tertiary care hospital. In each of these patients, an intercostal tube of size appropriate to the patient was inserted into the fifth intercostal space along the mid-axillary line. Pleurodesis was performed in order with agents: (1) doxycycline, (2) povidone-iodine, and (3) talc, respectively, if the pleural drain was <150 mL/day and no air leak following the complete expansion of the lung after intercostal drainage. Patients were clinically and radiologically assessed with computed tomography chest on discharge, 1 month, and at the 3rd month for response.

Results:
Out of 30 patients, 21 patients had complete response (70%). Among those, 9 patients (43%) were treated with talc, 7 patients (33%) were treated with povidone-iodine, and 5 patients were treated with doxycycline (24%). Talc was superior and povidone was nearly efficacious to talc. But doxycycline was inferior at the end of 3 months (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
Povidone-iodine had an adequate response nearly equal to the talc which was a highly efficacious pleurodesis agent. Doxycycline had 50% failure and requires repeated pleurodesis for a successful outcome. Most of the adverse events were mild to moderate and were evenly distributed in all groups and could be managed conservatively.
Discrete group actions on 3-manifolds and embeddable Cayley complexes
Authors: Georgakopoulos Agelos , Kontogeorgiou George 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We prove that a group

$\Gamma $

admits a discrete, topological (equivalently, smooth) action on some simply connected 3-manifold if and only if

$\Gamma $

has a Cayley complex embeddable—with certain natural restrictions—in one of the following four 3-manifolds: (i)

$\mathbb {S}^3$

, (ii)

$\mathbb {R}^3$

, (iii)

$\mathbb {S}^2 \times \mathbb R$

, and (iv) the complement of a tame Cantor set in

$\mathbb {S}^3$

. The fact that these are the only simply connected 3-manifolds that allow such actions is a consequence of the Thurston–Perelman geometrization theorem.
Stability of weighted norm inequalities
Authors: Alexis Michel , Luna-Garcia José Luis , Sawyer Eric , Uriarte-Tuero Ignacio 
Published: January 2025

We show that while individual Riesz transforms are two-weight norm
stable
under biLipschitz change of variables on

A_{\infty}

weights, they are two-weight norm
unstable
under even rotational change of variables on doubling weights. More precisely, we show that individual Riesz transforms are unstable under a set of rotations having full measure, which includes rotations arbitrarily close to the identity. This provides an operator theoretic distinction between

A_{\infty}

weights and doubling weights. More generally, all iterated Riesz transforms of odd order are rotationally unstable on pairs of doubling weights, thus demonstrating the need for characterizations of iterated Riesz transform inequalities using testing conditions as appearing in the work of Nazarov, Treil and Volberg, and other works by subsets of the authors Alexis, Lacey, Sawyer, Shen, Uriarte-Tuero and Wick, as opposed to the typically stable ’bump’ conditions.
Еволюція Стратегічних концепцій НАТО після завершення «холодної війни»
Authors: Деменко О.Ф. 
Published: January 2025

У статті проаналізовано еволюцію Стратегічних концепцій НАТО 1991, 1999, 2010 та 2022 рр. Встановлено, що стратегія розвитку НАТО постійно спрямовувалась на пристосування до мінливих обставин, зважаючи на наявні ресурси, які потрібні для досягнення визначених цілей. Стратегічні концепції були публічним обличчям НАТО, окреслюючи головні цілі і мету діяльності та забезпечуючи механізми досягнення консенсусу між країнами-членами. На основі проведеного аналізу зроблено висновок, що Стратегічна концепція є основним документом, який визначає пріоритети, цінності та цілі Альянсу, висвітлює колективну оцінку викликів та загроз міжнародній безпеці, визначає політичні й військові завдання НАТО у мінливому світі. У всіх чотирьох останніх Стратегічних концепціях залишалась незмінною основна мета НАТО, спрямована на захист свободи і безпеки всіх країн-членів політичними та військовими засобами, ґрунтована на спільних демократичних цінностях. При цьому, на відміну від періоду «холодної війни», політика безпеки Альянсу, крім завдання колективної оборони, доповнювалась низкою інших елементів, зокрема, прагненням до діалогу, розвитком співробітництва та партнерства, кризовим реагуванням. З’ясовано, що Стратегічні концепції НАТО 1991, 1999, 2010 та 2022 рр. підкреслювали основоположний характер трансатлантичного зв’язку для існування Альянсу та неподільність безпеки країн-членів, а поглиблення європейської інтеграції та зміцнення позицій Європейського Союзу сприяло посиленню зв’язків між ЄС та НАТО, що знаходило своє відображення у стратегічних документах Альянсу. Особливістю Стратегічних концепцій НАТО, прийнятих після завершення «холодної війни», стало започаткування Альянсом широкого підходу до міжнародної безпеки. Встановлено, що важливе місце у всіх зазначених Стратегічних концепціях займала проблематика, пов’язана із розвитком оборонних спроможностей НАТО та політика відкритих дверей Альянсу, що сприяло стабільності в євроатлантичному регіоні, зміцнило безпеку Альянсу та його потенціал.
Peran Guru Sebagai Agen Perubahan: Penentu Keberhasilan Inovasi Pendidikan Di Indonesia
Authors: Hariyanto Sugeng , Abdurrahman Arif , Kurniawati Endah 
Published: January 2025

Peran guru sebagai agen perubahan merupakan faktor penting dalam menentukan keberhasilan jalannya inovasi pendidikan di Indonesia. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran guru sebagai agen perubahan yang menentukan keberhasilan pelaksanaan inovasi pendidikan dengan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan perkembangan teknologi saat ini. Artikel ini merupakan studi literatur dengan jenis kualitatif deskriptif dengan kajian kepustakaan yang berusaha menggambarkan peran guru sebagai agen perubahan. Pada artikel ini penulis menggunakan berbagai sumber tertulis seperti artikel, jurnal, dan dokumen yang relevan dengan kajian pada artikel ini. Studi literatur ini fokus pada peran guru, agen perubahan dan strategi pembelajaran. Hasil studi literatur menunjukkan bahwa guru sebagai agen perubahan memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam menentukan keberhasilan jalannya inovasi pendidikan dengan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi saat ini.. Laporan dalam artikel ini menekankan bahwa guru seyogyanya terus belajar untuk menjalankan tugasnya sebagai agen perubahan, sehingga mereka dapat menjalankan tugas dengan baik dengan menyesuaikan dengan perkembangan teknologi untuk membuat proses pembelajaran yang aktif, komunikatif, efektif dan menarik
An insight into the histopathology of oral potentially malignant disorders and malignant neoplasms of head and neck
Authors: Iqbal Fatima , Bashir Nasiha 
Published: January 2025

This retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study was planned to analyse histopathological variations in oral potentially malignant disorders and malignant tumours of the head and neck region. Incisional and excisional biopsies referred to the histopathology laboratory of Peshawar Medical College, Pakistan, between 2020 and 2022 were reviewed by two pathologists to confirm the diagnosis. The World Health Organisation criterion of diagnosis and classification was adopted to review and validate the histopathological features. A total of 16 oral potentially malignant disorders and 77 head and cancer biopsies were included. Among the disorders, lichen planus was common, presenting as subepithelial lymphocytic infiltration in 11(100%) cases. Among the head and neck tumours, oral squamous cell carcinoma was the foremost cancer in which cells were arranged in a nest pattern 37(84%), followed by basal cell carcinoma showing nodular type 10 (83%). The histopathological variations of the lesions identified may assist pathologists in better diagnosis.
Key Words: Histopathology, Head and neck cancer, Squamous cell carcinoma, Lichen planus.
Indian lab animal medicine: Getting ready for the global stage
Authors: Niemi Steven 
Published: January 2025

As biomedical research becomes more globalized, India can provide the rest of the world possibly unique insights into the care and use of laboratory animals. Nowhere else is such a rich and deep cultural veneration for life juxtaposed with society and technology modernizing at such astonishing speed. How will our Indian colleagues reconcile these two powerful and seemingly contradictory elements? Just as important, will India’s scientific community and regulators regard Western standards of lab animal care as something to adopt in an identical fashion or something to adapt to domestic circumstances? The intent of this address is to explore these fascinating aspects of India today from an outsider’s perspective and to consider how all parties may benefit together.
A note on malocclusion in young Wistar rats
Authors: M C Prasad , M G Brahmankar , P S Lonkar , U M Kapurkar 
Published: January 2025

Five cases of malocclusion were reported in 3-5 months old Wistar rats (male – 3, female - 2). Clinical history indicated that though these animals were maintained under standard laboratory/husbandry practices, since a month were anorectic, loosing weight and became lethargic/dull. Careful examination of buccal cavity showed increased length of lower / upper incisor teeth (1.5-2.5 cm) protruding outside the mouth and mild to moderate degree of congestion and erosions on buccal mucosa. Possible etiology could not be ascertained in these cases but younger age of the rats was suggestive of its congenital origin as against spontaneous.
Toxicity studies of Sapindus laurifolius methanolic leaf extract in Wistar rats
Authors: Kumar CN Santhosh , N B Shridhar , M L Satyanarayana , Kamran C Ansar 
Published: January 2025

Studies were aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition of the Sapindus laurifolius leaves and toxicological effect of the Sapindus laurifolius leaf extract using Wistar albino rats as a model animal. The phytochemical analysis was performed using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). In toxicity studies, the acute oral toxicity study was conducted as per the guidelines of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD 423 Acute Toxic Class Method) for testing of chemicals. In repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity study (OECD 407), leaf extract administered at the dose of 50, 200 and 800 mg/kg and limit dose of 1000 mg/kg. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of saponins, flavanoids, glycosides and bitter principles. In acute toxicity study, the LD50 cut-off values were found to be more than 2g/kg in leaf extract. In repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity, significant (P<0.05) increase in AST, ALT, BUN and creatinine, significant (P<0.05) increase in total protein was noticed. The histopathological changes confined to liver, kidney and intestine, revealed mild to moderate hepatotoxicity, severe nephrotoxicity and increased goblet cell activity. The changes were found to correlate with increased dose of leaf extract. Thus the phytochemical analysis of S. laurifolius revealed the presence of saponins, glycosides, flavonoids and bitter principles.The acute oral toxicity study of S. laurifolius methanolic leaf extract in rats resulted in no toxicity even at the highest dose, in repeated 28- day oral toxicity study revealed mild to moderate hepatotoxicity, severe nephrotoxicity and intestinal damage.
Refinement of Surgical Procedure and Husbandry Practices of Bile Duct Ligation in Mice Model of Cholestatic Disease
Authors: Devan R K Shakthi , Babu Sabarish , Marshal Vijay , Kuchibhotla Vijayakumar , Hushangabade Pravin 
Published: January 2025

Refinement of procedure plays a pivotal role on improving the well-being of laboratory animals that enables successful outcomes of experiments by obtaining reliable data. In general, identical practices reduce variability among mice and there may be several factors that can confound results which becomes inevitable within the context of long-term experiments. We explored several refinements pertaining to surgical techniques and husbandry practices of ongoing studies with the objectives of reducing early mortality during post-operative period (72h) and ensuring animal welfare as higher priority by providing better alternative husbandry practices until the termination of experiments. The entire refinement process was systematically implemented in mice where surgical intervention of bile duct ligation (BDL) was carried out and allowed to develop liver fibrosis as part of therapeutic requirement then treated with new chemical entities (NCE’s) along with standard of care (SOC) upto 14 days. Survival surgery involving large number of mice in different groups was approved by the ethical committee. The notable refinements implemented such as suture patterns along with tissue adhesive to prevent wound dehiscence; replacement of corncob by adopting paper based bedding with nesting pads as enrichments; provision of Individually Ventilated Cages (IVC) with top inlet air supply for uniform flow in order to minimize hypothermia. Other contributing factors which included the use of improved surgical platform with thermo-controlled integral monitoring systems; Provision of infra-red light source immediately after surgery and until recovery; use of food supplement (Diet Gel) along with regular rodent diet; clinical scoring of mice during post-operative care and its management. However, there was no interference on fibrotic disease progression as well as experimental results because these refinements were implemented in a coordinated manner as part of ongoing process. Collectively, refinements of surgical as well as husbandry practices have improved the likelihood of mice and reduced incidences of mortality from 35% to 4% of four subsequent studies conducted at different intervals in mice.
Genetic monitoring of breeding colony through evaluation of genetic diversity within and between the inbred lines by using microsatellite markers
Authors: Kumar P Satheesh , Yadav Govind 
Published: January 2025

BALB/c strain is the most commonly used animal research mouse model in biology/Bio-medical research. From BALB/c strain many of inbred, congenic and transgenic models were established and being used for the betterment of humans as well as domestic animals. At CSIR-IIIM, Jammu animal house facility conducted study for evaluation genetic diversity of inbred lines of BALB/c strain. Animals were maintained in SPF condition with routine health monitoring. Selection was conducted based on growth and reproduction performance of the mothers. Four selected lines and an unselected control line were maintained throughout the experiment. After, 20th generation of full sib mating, we obtained three different lines. All the three lines of BALB/c strain shows standardized litter size of 8 pups at birth. All line mice were genotyped by using established 14 pair of microsatellite markers and genetic diversity analysis. The Effective number of alleles was reported 1.021±0.016 in overall experimental population. Shannon’s Index for within lines was 0 and among lines was 0.019±0.014. The Estimated Diversity (u) was 0 for within lines, 0.052 ±0.036 for control lines and 0.013±0.009 for among population. Polymorphic information content (PIC) observed in D11Mit260 marker. Line1 was showing very little Genetic distance with Line 2 (0.154) followed by control line (0.114) and Line 3 (0.074). Control line and Line 2 showed very close genetic distance (0.010). It is concluded that BALB/c strain has no diversity within line and has very little diversity between lines after 20th generation of full-sib mating.
Cost-Effective Decontamination of Conventional Laboratory Animal Rooms Using Hydrogen Peroxide Aerosols
Authors: Thorat Rahul , Ahire Shashikant , Shinde Aarti , Ingle Arvind 
Published: January 2025

Conventional animal facilities lack HVAC systems with HEPA filters and therefore pose great hurdles in maintaining the pathogen-free status of macro-environment of the animal rooms. Even in places where HVAC has no HEPA filters, maintaining clean air in the animal room is a challenge. Production of healthy animals for biomedical research is a key objective of any laboratory animal facility. There are several factors which can contribute to achieve this goal, and macro
enviornment is one of them. Decontamination of animal rooms eliminates the pathogens from the room. Chemical liquids and vapours are mainly used as decontaminating agents. Vaporised Hydrogen Peroxide (VHP) technology is being widely used for this purpose. For VHP technology, motorised equimpents are required which are very expensive. Small animal facilities can not afford to buy expensive VHP equipments. Therefore, the present study was planned to find out cost effective alternative for expensive equipments. Fine mist of working solution Huwa-San- TR50 was sprayed over the walls using a domestic Vacuum Cleaner. Effectnivness of decontamination procedure was conducted by microbiological examination of air and surface monitoring with swab methods after 15 mins. of contact time. Our results suggested that after decontamination, there was significant reduction in microbiological load from animal rooms. Hence, alternatively, facilities with tight annual budget can use this technique to limit the microbiological load in animal facilities in cost effective manner.
Propagation of old and non-productive zebrafish lines using IVF technique
Authors: Kohale Kalidas 
Published: January 2025

The laboratory zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a well-established vertebrate animal model in frontline areas of modern biology research, including screening of therapeutic molecules and assessment of toxic chemicals. High fecundity is one of the important reproductive traits in zebrafish females that benefit researchers in obtaining a large number of embryos for high throughput experiments. External fertilization offers easy access to the embryos up to 5 days post fertilization without ethical concerns whilst optical transparency of developing embryos allows for imaging of the entire embryo, which is not practical in mammalian models. Despite being prolific breeders, laboratory zebrafish exhibit a reduction in reproductive performance aftertwo years. In vitro fertilization, which uses frozen sperm, is an effective method for reviving genetically modified fish lines. In this study, we attempted to us e an IVF approach to re store zebrafish lines from aged zebrafish. A total of 12 zebrafish lines were reproduced using the IVF procedure, including aged fish that are unable to spawn naturally. A total of 974 (66.96%) and 1438 (55.67%) embryos survived utilizing the IVF procedure with germ cells from both mutant and wild-type parents, respectively. Zebrafish embryos survived at a rate of 67.34% in the 2–3-years age groupand55.48% in the 3-4 years age group.
A case of adult cannibalism in BALB/c mice and the effect of Eucalyptus oil as a treatment
Authors: Shete Yogita , Basu Sandip 
Published: January 2025

Eight-week-old male and female BALB/c mice that were procured and kept for quarantine experienced 10% mortality in males and 3.3% in females from the second day onwards with partially mutilated carcasses in both cages. Considering the stress due to travel Vitamin C was provided in the drinking water from day 4. The percentage of mortality was reduced as compared to the first day however mortality continued to 5th day. Furthermore, the application of eucalyptus oil in the cage and animal body surface of the animals for one week repeatedly results in a substantial decrease in % mortality in male and female mice.
THỰC TRẠNG BỆNH NHÂN ĐIỀU TRỊ BỆNH THẬN MẠN VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN VŨNG TÀU NĂM 2024
Authors: Vũ Đức Thuận , Lê Trọng Hiệp , Trương Thị Hoài Thanh 
Published: January 2025

Mục tiêu: Mô tả thực trạng người bệnh đang điều trị bệnh thận mạn và một số yếu tố liên quan tại bệnh viện Vũng Tàu. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Sử dụng phương pháp mô tả cắt ngang, tiến hành trên 205 người bệnh đang được điều trị tại bệnh viện Vũng Tàu năm 2024. Kết quả: Điểm trung bình sức khỏe thể chất (36,77 ± 13,8), sức khỏe tinh thần (49,90 ± 6,7) và điểm chất lượng cuộc sống (43,34 ± 7,87) của bệnh nhân suy thận mạn ở mức trung bình. Có mối liên quan giữa thời gian lọc máu với điểm chất lượng cuộc sống. Có mối liên quan giữa giới và sức khỏe tinh thần. Có mối liên quan giữa bệnh đồng mắc, giai đoạn bệnh, thời gian điều trị với sức khỏe thể chất và chất lượng cuộc sống. Kết luận: Điểm chất lượng cuộc sống của bệnh nhân suy thận mạn ở mức trung bình-khá, bệnh nhân nữ có điểm sức khỏe tinh thần thấp hơn so với nam giới, thời gian điều trị và có bệnh lý tăng huyết áp, đái tháo đường liên quan đến chất lượng cuộc sống kém hơn. Việc quản lý tích cực các chỉ số huyết áp, đường huyết, thời gian điều trị là cần thiết, đặc biệt trên các bệnh nhân suy thận đang lọc máu định kỳ (bệnh thận giai đoạn cuối).