bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between Affiliate Stigma and Quality of Life among Caregivers of Individuals with Dementia
Authors: Hu Yi-Ling , Chang Chih-Cheng , Lee Chiu-Hsiang , Liu Chieh-Hsiu , Chen Yi-Jung , Su Jian-An , Lin Chung-Ying , Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
The associations between affiliate stigma, caregiving burden, psychological distress, and quality of life (QoL) among family caregivers of people living with dementia (PwD) have been demonstrated in the literature. However, there is a dearth of literature regarding how these factors could form a psychological mechanism. The present study proposed a theoretical model to portray the relationships between these factors.

Methods:
Utilizing convenience sampling and cross-sectional study design, 275 family caregivers (145 females [52.7%]; mean age = 52.71 years) were recruited from a general hospital from October 2013 to September 2014. Each participant completed the following instruments in a quiet room in the general hospital without disturbance: Caregiver Burden Inventory, World Health Organization QoL Questionnaire-Brief, Affiliate Stigma Scale, and Beck Anxiety Inventory alongside the Taiwan Depression Questionnaire (assessing psychological distress). Structural equation modeling was used to examine the proposed theoretical model.

Results:
Affiliate stigma (standardized coefficient [β] = −0.338; P = 0.011) and psychological distress (β = −0.538; P < 0.001) were negatively associated with QoL, caregiving burden was positively associated with psychological distress (β = 0.818; P < 0.001), and affiliate stigma was positively associated with caregiving burden (β = 0.793; P < 0.001). Moreover, a significant mediated effect was observed between affiliate stigma and QoL via sequential mediators of caregiving burden and psychological distress (unstandardized coefficient = −1.17 and 95% confidence interval = −1.88, −0.46).

Conclusion:
Affiliate stigma, caregiving burden, and psychological distress are key factors contributing to low QoL among family caregivers of PwD. Health-care providers should design programs to help reduce affiliate stigma, caregiving burden, and psychological distress for family caregivers of PwD to facilitate their QoL.
Functional outcome of direct anterior versus posterior approach in total hip arthroplasty: a propensity-matched Asian study
Authors: Loh Bryan , Padki Akshay , Yew Andy , Pang Hee Nee 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The direct anterior approach (DAA) to total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a surgical approach that minimises soft tissue trauma, resulting in faster rehabilitation when compared to a posterior approach (PA). This study aimed to evaluate the difference between the two groups in an Asian cohort using propensity score matching.

Methods:
A retrospective review of prospectively collected registry data of 794 primary THAs was performed. The effects on patients with DAA THA versus patients with PA THA were investigated. Propensity scores were generated using logistic regression to adjust for confounding variables of age, gender, body mass index and diagnosis. Data analysis was performed, and statistical significance was defined as a P value < 0.05.

Results:
The average length of stay (LOS) for the PA group and DAA group was 5.4 days and 2.9 days, respectively (P < 0.001). One (1.9%) patient from the PA group suffered a posterior dislocation 6 months after surgery and subsequently underwent revision surgery 2 years later. No dislocations were detected in the DAA group. The DAA group had better functional outcome, satisfaction and expectation scores at 6 months and 2 years.

Conclusion:
In this study, patients who underwent DAA THA had better functional outcome at 2 years and almost 2 days shorter overall LOS than those who underwent PA THA. Therefore, the DAA to THA is a novel technique that has shown improved functional outcomes, with fewer complications compared to PA THA.
Analysis of a preimplantation genetic test for aneuploidies in 893 screened blastocysts using KaryoLite BoBs: a single-centre experience
Authors: Chen Nai Qing , Si Cay Reen , Yung Shin Chyi , Hon Sook Kit , Arasoo Jayanthi , Ng Soon-Chye 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Does euploidy of trophectoderm (TE) biopsies correlate with conventional blastocyst morphological, maternal age and implantation potential?

Methods:
This is a one-centre, retrospective, observational study.

Results:
Eight hundred and ninety-three blastocysts were biopsied; 57.73% were euploid. The euploidy rate was found to be significantly higher for the embryos with good morphology of inner cell mass (ICM) and TE. Between ICM and TE morphology variables, TE was more predictive of the euploidy rate. When broken down into different age groups, the percentage of good morphology embryos remained similar across all age groups, while the percentage of euploid embryos dropped with increasing age. These results suggest that the correlation between blastocyst morphology and ploidy status was present but poor. Faster growing day 5 blastocysts showed a significantly higher euploidy rate than slower growing day 6 or 7 blastocysts. The number of good-quality blastocysts per cycle, euploid blastocysts per cycle and the euploidy rate were strongly associated with maternal age. A trend towards an increased implantation rate was found with euploid embryo transfers compared to the control group without preimplantation genetic test for aneuploidies (PGT-A).

Conclusions:
Blastocyst morphology, rate of development and maternal age were found to be significantly associated with euploidy rate. There is a trend that suggests PGT-A may help to improve the pregnancy rate, but it is not statistically different, and therefore, PGT-A remains an unproven hypothesis. Due to the limitation of a small size of the control group, further studies with more data are needed.
Co-design of the Spinal Cord Injury Health Maintenance Tool to Support Self-Management: A Mixed-Methods Approach
Authors: Middleton James W. , Arora Mohit , Jerram K. Anne Sinnott , Bourke John , McCormick Melissa , O’Leary Dimity , Weber Gerard , Lembke Tony , Craig Ashley 
Published: February 2024

Background:
There is a lack of consumer-friendly tools to empower and support people living with spinal cord injury (SCI) to self-manage complex health needs in community. This article describes the co-design process of the new SCI Health Maintenance Tool (SCI-HMT).

Methods:
Co-design of the SCI-HMT using a mixed-methods approach included a rapid review, e-Delphi surveys with range of multidisciplinary health care professionals (n = 62), interviews of participants with SCI (n = 18) and general practitioners (n = 4), focus groups (n = 3 with 7, 4, and 4 participants with SCI, respectively), design workshops with stakeholders (n = 11, 8), and end-user testing (n = 41).

Results:
The SCI-HMT (healthmaintenancetool.com) was developed based on participatory research with data synthesis from multiple sources. Five priority health maintenance issues for bladder, bowel, skin, pain, and autonomic dysreflexia were originally covered. Best practice recommendations, red flag conditions, referrals, and clinical pathways were agreed on through an e-Delphi technique. Qualitative analysis identified six broad key concepts for self-management, including early symptom recognition, role of SCI peers, knowledge sharing with primary care, general practitioners as gatekeepers, and shared decision-making and highlighted a need to place much stronger emphasis on mental health and well-being. Design workshops and end-user testing provided key insights about user experience, functionality, and content for the SCI-HMT.

Conclusion:
The co-design process engaging end users, including people with SCI and general practitioners, enabled a shared understanding of the problem and identification of important needs and how to meet them. Informed by this process, the SCI-HMT is a freely accessible resource supporting SCI self-management, shared decision-making, and early problem identification.
Are Clinical Prediction Rules Used in Spinal Cord Injury Care? A Survey of Practice
Authors: Boyles Rowan H. , Alexander Caroline M. , Belsi Athina , Strutton Paul H. 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Accurate outcome prediction is desirable post spinal cord injury (SCI), reducing uncertainty for patients and supporting personalized treatments. Numerous attempts have been made to create clinical prediction rules that identify patients who are likely to recover function. It is unknown to what extent these rules are routinely used in clinical practice.

Objectives:
To better understand knowledge of, and attitudes toward, clinical prediction rules amongst SCI clinicians in the United Kingdom.

Methods:
An online survey was distributed via mailing lists of clinical special interest groups and relevant National Health Service Trusts. Respondents answered questions about their knowledge of existing clinical prediction rules and their general attitudes to using them. They also provided information about their level of experience with SCI patients.

Results:
One hundred SCI clinicians completed the survey. The majority (71%) were unaware of clinical prediction rules for SCI; only 8% reported using them in clinical practice. Less experienced clinicians were less likely to be aware. Lack of familiarity with prediction rules was reported as being a barrier to their use. The importance of clinical expertise when making prognostic decisions was emphasized. All respondents reported interest in using clinical prediction rules in the future.

Conclusion:
The results show widespread lack of awareness of clinical prediction rules amongst SCI clinicians in the United Kingdom. However, clinicians were positive about the potential for clinical prediction rules to support decision-making. More focus should be directed toward refining current rules and improving dissemination within the SCI community.
An Assessment on the Roles and Accountability of Adjacent Local Communities in Decentralized Forest Management System in Mufindi District, Iringa, Tanzania
Authors: Mung’ong’o Henry George 
Published: February 2024

Purpose: This study was undertaken in Ihang’ana Forest Reserve to provide an understanding of the roles and accountability of forest stakeholders in decentralized forest management for sustainability. The study was proposed specifically to assess decentralization of forest management approach by identifying the main stakeholders and examine their roles and methods used on management of the Ihang’ana Forest Reserve.
Methodology: Multiple research methods were used for data collection which included literature reviews, structured questionnaires survey; institutional and key informant interviews, transect walks and observation and focus group discussions. The study adopted a mixed methods approach with simple and purposive sampling procedures. Quantitative data were analysed through SPSS with support of content analysis for qualitative data. Three villages adjacent to Ihang’ana forest were studied as target population Igeleke, Kibengu and Mwatasi with a total of 102 sampled respondents.
Findings: The key findings of the study revealed that the major stakeholders in the management of Ihang’ana forest reserves were the local communities adjacent the forest reserves, the government and non-governmental organizations. The roles played by these stakeholders were guarding and patrolling done by local communities, education provision on forest management and facilities provision of seminars and workshops. The methods used to conserve and manage forest resources in Ihang’ana forest were afforestation, reforestation, agroforestry, destocking, implementation of enacted by-laws and the use of alternative energy. Several factors that led to effective management of the Ihang’ana Forest were implementation of forest by-laws, community inclusiveness, and strictness of the forest committee and application of deterrent penalties. The study concludes that local community participation in decentralized forest management bottom up approach is of paramount. The inclusiveness of the local community had led to effective management of the forest.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that, decentralized bottom-up approach forest management should be maintained for the forest sustainability. Also the central government should continue supporting the local communities in conservation activities of the forest, maintaining the existing fire breaks and timing for clearing the fire breaks is crucial.
Projeto ´´Roda de Conversa`` Lêvitude social, saúde e leveza emocional para pacientes com transtornos psicossociais
Authors: Marcondes Coelho de Oliveira Maria Leticia 
Published: February 2024

Introdução: A roda de conversa é um espaço de troca de experiências, que poderá proporcionar a confraternização entre pessoas, o relato de suas angústias, sofrimentos e a busca pela mudança de caminhos. Nesta troca de experiências há um exercício de escuta e fala. Objetivos: Buscar através das resoluções de conflitos o desenvolvimento de Competências Pessoais e Sociais dos pacientes integrantes do projeto de ´´Extensão Roda de Conversa``. Material e Métodos: O projeto de Extensão Universitária ´´ Roda de Conversa`` foi formado por 21 (Vinte e Um) alunos regularmente matriculados no 6º Curso de Medicina da Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP- Campus Guarujá), e coordenado por uma Docente da mesma instituição. Este projeto foi realizado entre os meses de setembro e outubro de 2023, totalizando quatorze encontros. Os voluntários são moradores do Município do Guarujá, estado de São Paulo. A maioria composta por mulheres com faixa etária entre 30 e 65 anos de idade. O número de participantes por encontro variou entre 5 a 12 pessoas. Resultados: Ao longo das semanas nas quais os alunos de Medicina estiveram no projeto pode-se observar que através dos temas abordados a cada encontro, os voluntários iniciam um processo conhecimento interpessoal. As pessoas acabaram que sabiam um dos problema dos outros e puderam sentir-se pertencente ao grupo, conhecer novas falas, ideias e visões. Considerações Finais: Por meio da avaliação coletiva voluntários podemos subjetivamente notar os que aspectos positivos e que podem contribuir com as discussões acerca das possibilidades de intervenção do projeto de Extensão ´´ Roda de Conversa`` no âmbito da população analisada.
The Flow State Scale for Rehabilitation Tasks: A New Flow Experience Questionnaire for Stroke Patients
Authors: Ottiger Beatrice , Veerbeek Janne Marieke , Cazzoli Dario , Nyffeler Thomas , Vanbellingen Tim 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Importance: Flow can be described as a subjective state that people report when they fully engage in an activity and experience pleasure, satisfaction, and enjoyment. Flow experiences are measured to determine the extent to which patients engage in therapy activities. Several flow questionnaires are used in neurorehabilitation. However, none have been validated for patients with (sub)acute stroke.
Objective: To develop and validate a new flow questionnaire for patients with (sub)acute stroke.
Design: Single-center prospective cohort study.
Setting: Neurorehabilitation unit of the Neurocenter of the Luzerner Kantonsspital in Lucerne, Switzerland.
Participants: Fifty patients with (sub)acute stroke.
Outcomes and Measures: Development of the Flow State Scale for Rehabilitation Tasks (FSSRT) and determination of the psychometric properties of the FSSRT (internal consistency, test–retest reliability, structural and construct validity) in (sub)acute stroke patients.
Results: The FSSRT showed good internal consistency and excellent test–retest reliability. Composed of four components—concentration, pleasure, movement control, and absorption—the FSSRT correlated significantly negatively with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, indicating good divergent validity.
Conclusions and Relevance: The FSSRT is a reliable and valid questionnaire measuring flow experience in patients with (sub)acute stroke. This questionnaire can be easily used in occupational therapy as well as in physical therapy and gives therapists important information about the flow experience of patients during therapy to adjust the therapy accordingly.
Plain-Language Summary: Measuring flow experience, or the extent to which patients engage in therapy activities, in the context of occupational therapy and physical therapy is a new approach. This study confirmed that the Flow State Scale for Rehabilitation Tasks questionnaire is reliable and valid for measuring the flow experience of patients after (sub)acute stroke. Occupational therapists and physical therapists can use the FSSRT to optimally adjust the therapy program and increase patient engagement during therapy.
Critical Thinking and Self Learning Skills in Mathematics Learning Outcomes
Authors: Rambe Juli Asmida , Erika Erika 
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of ability critical thinking and self-regulated learning with learning outcomes of Mathematic Student Class V State Elementary School City of Medan, the number of students as many as 153 students. The technique used to analyze the data is the statistical technique of regression and correlation.The research result showed that there was a positive correlation between (1) Critical thinking and Mathematics learning outcomes (2) Self-regulated learning Mathematics learning outcomes (3) Critical thinking, Self-regulated learning and Mathematics learning outcomes. It can be concluded there is relationship between critical thinking, self-regulated learning and Mathematics learning outcomes.
A influencia da publicidade na decisão de compra dos consumidores da pasta dentífrica da marca Colgate
Authors: Francisco Osvaldo Afonso Gabriel , Miguel João , Banze Noémia de Jesus 
Published: February 2024

O presente artigo cientifico visa estudar a influencia da publicidade na decisão de compra dos consumidores da pasta dentífrica da marca Colgate. Para compreender essa influencia foi traçado como objetivo geral é avaliar as estratégias de conceção das campanhas publicitárias da Colgate na cidade de Nampula e três objetivos específicos que incluem a identificação, análise e avaliação dessas estratégias, destacando seu impacto no processo de decisão de compra da pasta dentífrica da marca na referida cidade. Para alcançar tais objetivos, foram coletados dados exploratórios ao Customer Development Manager da Colgate, por meio de uma entrevista exploratória. Ainda, 435 consumidores com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos, que foram expostos à publicidade da Colgate em Nampula, foram inquiridos. Os dados obtidos foram processados utilizando o modelo de sete estágios proposto por (Blackwell, Miniard, & Engel, 2005). A análise dos dados revelou que todos os entrevistados já tiveram contato com a publicidade da pasta dentífrica da Colgate. Eles demonstram conhecimento sobre as variantes, cores e informações relacionadas ao produto. Foi constatado que as campanhas publicitárias exercem influência significativa em suas decisões de compra da pasta dentífrica da Colgate. A preferência de compra concentra-se principalmente em supermercados, barracas e mercearias. Os motivos de compra incluem a presença de ingredientes naturais, preço acessível, eficácia comprovada por meio da educação sobre saúde bucal, benefícios percebidos, confiança na marca e, estes consumidores recomendam a amigos e familiares o uso da pasta dentífrica da marca Colgate.
Hip Fracture Repair by the Post-Call Surgeon: A Multicenter Retrospective Review
Authors: Anderson Eliza , Sing David , Pechero Guillermo , Hagar Andrew , Dvozhinskiy Aleksey , Fraifogl Joanne , Fischer Dylan , Alqudhaya Rashed , Baig Mirza Shahid , Bramlett Kasey , Gary Joshua , Mullis Brian , Ryan Scott , Marcantonio Andrew , Leighton Ross , Ricci William , Vallier Heather , Horwitz Daniel , Tornetta Paul 
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate surgeons' ability to perform or supervise a standard operation with agreed-upon radiologic parameters after being on call.

Methods:
We reviewed a consecutive series of patients with intertrochanteric hip fractures treated with a fixed angle device at 9 centers and compared corrected tip-apex distance and reduction quality for post-call surgeons versus those who were not. Subgroup analyses included surgeons who operated the night before versus not and attending-only versus resident involved cases. Secondary outcomes included union and perioperative complications.

Results:
One thousand seven hundred fourteen patients were of average age 77 years. Post-call surgeons treated 823 patients and control surgeons treated 891. Surgical corrected tip-apex distance did not differ between groups: on-call 18 mm versus control 18 mm (P = 0.59). The Garden indices were 160° on the AP and 179° on the lateral in both groups. In 66 cases performed by surgeons who operated the night before, the TAD was 17 mm. No difference was noted in corrected tip-apex distance with and without resident involvement (P = 0.101). No difference was observed in pooled fracture-related complications (P = 0.23).

Conclusion:
Post-call surgeons demonstrated no difference in quality and no increase in complications when performing hip fracture repair the next day compared with surgeons who were not on call.
Arteries of a Changing Arctic: Small Rivers on a Global Scale
Authors:   , Speetjens Niek Jesse 
Published: February 2024

This thesis explores the intensification of the freshwater cycle under ongoing climate change through the lens of a specific landscape type: The ice-wedge polygon tundra. Permafrost degradation plays an important role in the shifting arctic biogeochemical cycle and large uncertainties exist regarding arctic land-ocean fluxes. The manuscript focuses on three investigations:
1.	Local scale study: The study examines an Arctic lowland watershed in a permafrost degradation zone near the Arctic Ocean shoreline. The findings reveal differences in soil porewater DOM properties and DOC concentrations between different thermal layers and landforms, impacting hydrology and biogeochemical fluxes. Lateral fluxes of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from soil to streams are influenced by polygon type and drainage patterns.
2.	Global scale inventory: The thesis highlights the lack of focus on smaller arctic river systems in scientific literature when upscaling lateral fluxes to the pan-Arctic scale. We present a comprehensive circum-arctic catchment database, which contains over 140 climatic, physiographic, and environmental variables. This database allows for the identification of catchments draining into the Arctic Ocean and their associated characteristics. Notably, smaller catchments in the northernmost regions, underlain by continuous permafrost and featuring substantial permafrost-specific terrain types, are found to be more vulnerable to temperature increases and are crucial in lateral carbon fluxes.
3.	Modeling lateral fluxes: The thesis proposes a conceptual hydrological-biogeochemical model for ice-wedge polygon terrain to simulate runoff and DOC flux. The model indicates increased lateral flux in catchments transitioning from low-centered to high-centered polygon-dominated landscapes due to increased drainage and subsequent DOC export.
The research emphasizes the importance of studying lateral biogeochemical fluxes from permafrost landscapes and the challenges in quantifying these fluxes. It suggests the need for improved field studies, data collection, and the development of scalable models to better predict and understand the impacts of permafrost thaw and climate change on Arctic ecosystems and the global carbon budget.