bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time–frequency analysis of gustatory event related potentials (gERP) in taste disorders
Authors: Mastinu Mariano , Grzeschuchna Lisa Sophie , Mignot Coralie , Guducu Cagdas , Bogdanov Vasyl , Hummel Thomas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn taste disorders, the key to a correct diagnosis and an adequate treatment is an objective assessment. Compared to psychophysical tests, EEG-derived gustatory event-related potentials (gERP) could be used as a less biased measure. However, the responses identified using conventional time-domain averaging show a low signal-to-noise ratio. This study included 44 patients with dysgeusia and 59 healthy participants, who underwent a comprehensive clinical examination of gustatory function. gERPs were recorded in response to stimulation with two concentrations of salty solutions, which were applied with a high precision gustometer. Group differences were examined using gERP analyzed in the canonical time domain and with Time–Frequency Analyses (TFA). Dysgeusic patients showed significantly lower scores for gustatory chemical and electrical stimuli. gERPs failed to show significant differences in amplitudes or latencies between groups. However, TFA showed that gustatory activations were characterized by a stronger power in controls than in patients in the low frequencies (0.1–4 Hz), and a higher desynchronization in the alpha-band (8–12 Hz). Hence, gERPs reflect the altered taste sensation in patients with dysgeusia. TFA appears to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio commonly present when using conventional time-domain averaging, and might be of assistance for the diagnosis of dysgeusia.
Downregulation of Roundabout guidance receptor 2 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression by interacting with Y-box binding protein 1
Authors: Liu Ting , Zhai Congjie , Tian Bo , Li Chao , Han Shuangshuang , Wang Shihui , Xuan Mingda , Liu Dehua , Zhao Yunxia , Zhao Hongyan , Yu Weifang , Wang Jia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRoundabout guidance receptor 2 (Robo2) is closely related to malignant tumors such as pancreatic cancer and liver fibrosis, but there is no relevant research on the role of Robo2 in HCC. The study will further explore the function and mechanism of Robo2 and its downstream target genes in HCC. Firstly, Robo2 protein levels in human HCC tissues and paired adjacent normal liver tissues were detected. Then we established HepG2 and Huh7 hepatoma cell lines with knock-down Robo2 by transfection with lentiviral vectors, and examined the occurrence of EMT, proliferation and apoptosis abilities in HCC cells by western blot, flow cytometry, wound healing assay and TUNEL staining. Then we verified the interaction between Robo2 and its target gene by Co-IP and immunofluorescence co-staining, and further explored the mechanism of Robo2 and YB-1 by rescue study. The protein expression level of Robo2 in HCC was considerably higher than that in the normal liver tissues. After successfully constructing hepatoma cells with knock-down Robo2, it was confirmed that down-regulated Robo2 suppressed EMT and proliferation of hepatoma cells, and accelerated the cell apoptosis. High-throughput sequencing and validation experiments verified that YB-1 was the downstream target gene of Robo2, and over-expression of YB-1 could reverse the apoptosis induced by Robo2 down-regulation and its inhibitory effect on EMT and proliferation. Robo2 deficiency inhibits EMT and proliferation of hepatoma cells and augments the cell apoptosis by regulating YB-1, thus inhibits the occurrence of HCC and provides a new strategy for the treatment of HCC.
False-positive results of galactomannan assays in patients administered glucose-containing solutions
Authors: Shin Dong Woo , Cho Jungwon , Choi Kyung Suk , Lee Jungwha , Choi Yunsang , Choi Seong Jin , Kim Sang-A , Moon Song Mi , Kim Eu Suk , Kim Hong Bin , Park Kyoung Un , Hong Yun Ji , Song Kyoung-Ho 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGalactomannan (GM) is a polysaccharide cell wall component released by Aspergillus spp., and an immunoenzymatic GM assay is used for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. We evaluated the cause of strong positivity for GM in patients with no typical signs of aspergillosis. Repeat assays were performed using different instruments and reagent lots, but there were no differences in results among the assays. Patients with strongly positive GM results were investigated. Medication histories revealed that 14 of 23 patients had been administered total parenteral nutrition solution from one manufacturer and 4 patients had been administered dextrose solution from a different manufacturer before being tested. The results of GM assays conducted on samples of dextrose solution and the glucose fraction of the total parenteral nutrition solution were strongly positive, confirming the causes of the false-positive reactions. We hypothesize that a trace amount of GM was introduced into the glucose-containing solutions because glucoamylase, which is necessary for the saccharification step of glucose synthesis, was derived from Aspergillus niger. To enhance patient care and prevent unnecessary antifungal prescriptions, healthcare providers and manufacturers of healthcare products need to be aware of the possibility of false-positive reactions for GM.
Dose-dependent exposure to indoxyl sulfate alters AHR signaling, sirtuins gene expression, oxidative DNA damage, and bone mineral status in rats
Authors: Karbowska Malgorzata , Pawlak Krystyna , Sieklucka Beata , Domaniewski Tomasz , Lebkowska Urszula , Zawadzki Radoslaw , Pawlak Dariusz 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIndoxyl sulfate (IS), an agonist of aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhR), can accumulate in patients with chronic kidney disease, but its direct effect on bone is not clear. The present study investigated the effect of chronic exposure to low (100 mg/kg b.w.; 100 IS) and high (200 mg/kg b.w.; 200 IS) dose of IS on bone AhR pathway, sirtuins (SIRTs) expression, oxidative DNA damage and bone mineral status in Wistar rats. The accumulation of IS was observed only in trabecular bone tissue in both doses. The differences were observed in the bone parameters, depending on the applied IS dose. The exposure to 100 IS increased AhR repressor (AhRR)-CYP1A2 gene expression, which was associated with SIRT-1, SIRT-3 and SIRT-7 expression. At the low dose group, the oxidative DNA damage marker was unchanged in the bone samples, and it was inversely related to the abovementioned SIRTs expression. In contrast, the exposure to 200 IS reduced the expression of AhRR, CYP1A, SIRT-3 and SIRT-7 genes compared to 100 IS. The level of oxidative DNA damage was higher in trabecular bone in 200 IS group. Femoral bone mineral density was decreased, and inverse relations were noticed between the level of trabecular oxidative DNA damage and parameters of bone mineral status. In conclusion, IS modulates AhR-depending signaling affecting SIRTs expression, oxidative DNA damage and bone mineral status in a dose dependent manner.
Far-reaching effects of tyrosine64 phosphorylation on Ras revealed with BeF3– complexes
Authors: Baumann Patrick , Jin Yi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTyrosine phosphorylation on Ras by Src kinase is known to uncouple Ras from upstream regulation and downstream communication. However, the mechanisms by which phosphorylation modulates these interactions have not been detailed. Here, the major mono-phosphorylation level on tyrosine64 is quantified by 31P NMR and mutagenesis. Crystal structures of unphosphorylated and tyrosine64-phosphorylated Ras in complex with a BeF3− ground state analogue reveal “closed” Ras conformations very different from those of the “open” conformations previously observed for non-hydrolysable GTP analogue structures of Ras. They deliver new mechanistic and conformational insights into intrinsic GTP hydrolysis. Phosphorylation of tyrosine64 delivers conformational changes distant from the active site, showing why phosphorylated Ras has reduced affinity to its downstream effector Raf. 19F NMR provides evidence for changes in the intrinsic GTPase and nucleotide exchange rate and identifies the concurrent presence of a major “closed” conformation alongside a minor yet functionally important “open” conformation at the ground state of Ras. This study expands the application of metal fluoride complexes in revealing major and minor conformational changes of dynamic and modified Ras proteins.
Development and Validation of an Efficient and Safe Loud Music Exposure Paradigm
Authors: Iliadou Eleftheria , Pastiadis Konstantinos , Dimitriadis Dimitrios , Plack Christopher J. , Bibas Athanasios 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to develop a time-efficient music exposure and testing paradigm that safely creates temporary cochlear dysfunction that could be used in future temporary threshold shift (TTS) studies.

Method:

A 30-min audio compilation of pop rock music tracks was created. Adult volunteers with normal hearing were then exposed to this music material monaurally through headphones for 30 min at 97 dBA or 15 min at 100 dBA. Levels were measured from the ear of a manikin and are considered to provide an equivalent daily noise dose based on a 3-dB exchange. We assessed the changes in their hearing, by means of distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) testing, and standard and extended high-frequency pure-tone audiometry before and after exposure. There were 17 volunteers in total. In the first trial, eight volunteers (four females;
Mdn
age
= 31 years [interquartile range, IQR = 4.25]) were included. Although TTS was observed in all eight participants for at least one frequency, a large variation in affected frequencies was observed. To address this issue, the audio material was further remastered to adjust levels across the different frequency bands. Fourteen adults (nine newly recruited and five from the first trial; seven females;
Mdn
age
= 31 years [IQR = 5]) were exposed to the new material.

Results:
All but two of 17 participants presented clinically significant TTS or decrease in DPOAE amplitude in at least one frequency. Statistically significant average TTS of 7.43 dB was observed at 6 kHz. There were statistically significant average DPOAE amplitude shifts of −2.55 dB at 4 kHz, −4.97 dB at 6 kHz, and −3.14 dB at 8 kHz. No participant presented permanent threshold shift.

Conclusions:
A monaural music paradigm was developed and shown to induce statistically significant TTS and DPOAE amplitude shifts, without evidence of permanent loss. This realistic and time-efficient paradigm may be considered a viable option for experimental studies of temporary music-induced hearing loss.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25016471
Exploring Speech-Language Pathologists' Perception of and Individualized Education Program Goals for Vocabulary Intervention With School-Age Children With Language Disorders
Authors: Marante Leesa , Hall-Mills Shannon 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
Among the varied roles and responsibilities of school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are the planning and delivery of effective vocabulary intervention for students with language disorders. Despite the abundant literature regarding effective vocabulary intervention, practice patterns indicate that the research has not yet translated to practice. The purpose of this study was to examine SLPs' beliefs and expectations regarding vocabulary instruction and the content of Individualized Education Program (IEP) goals to better inform continuing education and research programs to generate lasting effects on SLP practices.

Method:
We queried a national sample of school-based SLPs via an online survey regarding their perspectives on robust vocabulary instruction, vocabulary intervention practices, and IEP goal development targeting vocabulary skills for school-age children with language disorders.

Results:
There was consistency across the sample for SLPs' beliefs about the importance and impact of robust vocabulary instruction. However, they reflected varied expectations about the vocabulary intervention they provide. Qualitative analysis of IEP goals for vocabulary reveals the range and frequency of strategies and intervention targets as an artifact of implementation of robust vocabulary instruction.

Conclusions:
School-based SLPs believe that vocabulary is important and have a strong understanding of the impact robust vocabulary instruction can have on reading and writing outcomes. SLPs in this sample had varying expectations regarding the way their instruction is implemented and generalized. Implications and limitations of these results are discussed.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25077992
Fault diagnosis method of a cascaded H‐bridge inverter based on a multisource adaptive fusion CNN‐transformer
Authors: Yang Weiman , Wang Weinian , Wang Xinggui , Gu Jianfeng , Wang Zhuoling 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn high‐voltage applications, the number of cascaded H‐bridge inverter units is large, the failure probability increases, and the waveform similarity is high after the failure of power devices at different positions. This paper proposes a fault diagnosis method for high‐voltage multilevel cascaded H‐bridge inverter based on a multisource adaptive fusion CNN‐transformer. The method transforms the prefiltered three‐phase multilevel voltage and postfiltered three‐phase current waveforms into wavelet time‐frequency maps using a continuous wavelet transform. The time‐frequency maps of the six signal sources are used as inputs to the network. The convolutional neural network is employed to extract fault features, resulting in six feature maps. These six feature maps are then assigned certain weights to generate a new fused feature map, which is input into the transformer for training and achieving fault state recognition in cascaded H‐bridge inverters. The experimental results show that the method can effectively identify similar fault features. The diagnostic accuracy is as high as 99.15% in the measured data of the experimental platform, and the diagnostic time is 0.069 s. It has high fault identification accuracy and provides a new idea for fault diagnosis of high‐voltage multilevel cascaded H‐bridge inverters.
A Convenient Method for Synthesizing 1-Alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamines
Authors: Okauchi Tatsuo , Tsubaki Kouta , Higuma Yuri , Shimooka Hirokazu , Kitamura Mitsuru 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA convenient method for synthesizing 1-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamines (1-alkyl-2-acyl-GPEs) starting from an optical active alcohol is described. In this method, the phosphate group was introduced through the transesterification that we developed, and a protected 1-alkyl-2-lyso-GPE was employed as an intermediate. This compound is stable and serves as a common intermediate for the synthesis of various 1-alkyl-2-acyl-GPEs with different acyl groups.
Early-Pregnancy Resilience Characteristics before versus during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ayala Nina K. , Fain Audra C. , Cersonsky Tess E.K. , Werner Erika F. , Miller Emily S. , Clark Melissa A. , Lewkowitz Adam K. 
Published: January 2024

Objective Resilience is associated with mental and somatic health benefits. Given the social, physical, and mental health toll of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, we examined whether the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with population-level changes in resilience among pregnant people.
Study Design Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of nulliparous pregnant people <20 weeks' gestation from a single hospital. Participants completed baseline assessments of resilience characteristics, including dispositional optimism (DO), mindfulness, and proactive coping. For this analysis, participants recruited before the COVID-19 pandemic were compared with those recruited during the pandemic. The primary outcome was DO, assessed as a continuous score on the validated Revised Life Orientation Test. Secondary outcomes included continuous scores on mindfulness and proactive coping assessments. Bivariable analyses were completed using chi-squared and Mann–Whitney U tests. Multivariable linear regression compared resilience scores by recruitment time frame, controlling for confounders selected a priori: maternal age, education, and marital status.
Results Of the 300 participants, 152 (50.7%) were recruited prior to the pandemic. Demographic and pregnancy characteristics differed between groups: the during-pandemic group was older, had higher levels of education, and were more likely to be married/partnered. There were no significant differences in any of the resilience characteristics before versus during the pandemic in bivariable or multivariable analyses.
Conclusion In this cohort, there were no differences in early pregnancy resilience characteristics before versus during the COVID-19 pandemic. This affirms that on a population level, resilience is a stable metric, even in the setting of a global pandemic.
Key Points
Complications of Endonasal Odontoidectomy in Pediatric versus Adult Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kosaraju Nikitha , Lee Christine K. , Qian Z. Jason , Fernandez-Miranda Juan C. , Nayak Jayakar V. , Chang Michael T. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction Endonasal odontoidectomy (EO) is a procedure for addressing compressive pathology of the craniovertebral junction. While EO has been well established in adults, its complications and cervical fusion practices are less understood in pediatric patients, despite differences in sinonasal and craniocervical anatomy. This study summarizes and compares EO complications and need for cervical fusion in pediatric and adult patients.
Methods This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. Literature review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase to identify studies reporting complications post-EO in adult and pediatric patients. Complications were categorized as neurologic, swallowing, or respiratory. Complication and posterior fusion rates were compared using a random-effects model.
Results A total of 738 articles were identified, of which 28 studies including 307 adult cases and 22 pediatric cases met inclusion criteria for systematic qualitative and quantitative review. The rates for adult and pediatric cases, respectively, were: respiratory complications 13.4 versus 9.1%, swallowing complications 12.1 versus 4.5%, neurologic complications 8.5 versus 9.1%, and cervical fusion rates 73.3 versus 86.4%. Across eight studies qualifying for meta-analysis, there were no differences in cervical fusion (odds ratio [OR]: 0.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.1, 2.1]), respiratory complications (OR: 3.5, 95% CI: [0.8, 14.5]), or swallowing complications (OR: 3.5, 95% CI: [0.5, 26.0]); however, pediatric patients had a higher rate of neurologic complications (OR: 5.2, 95% CI: [1.1, 25.0]).
Conclusion In EO, rates of aerodigestive complications and cervical fusion are similar in both populations. There may be an increased risk of neurologic complications in pediatric patients, although more high-quality studies are needed.
Unveiling Novel Synthetic Pathways through Brook Rearrangement
Authors: Agbaria Mohamed , Egbaria Nwar , Nairoukh Zackaria 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Brook rearrangement is a valuable synthetic tool that facilitates the controlled construction of complex molecules. Conventionally, it generates carbanion intermediates utilized in subsequent functionalization reactions. In this review, we will explore recent advancements in the Brook rearrangement that extend beyond the traditional functionalization reactions. Specifically, we will highlight its involvement in unusual bond cleavage, annulation reactions, and dearomatization efforts. The novelty of this rearrangement is underscored by showcasing its most recent applications.1	Introduction2	Novel Synthetic Pathways Involving the Brook Rearrangement2.1	C–C and C–X Bond Formation2.2	C–C and C–X Bond Cleavage2.3	Stereodefined Substituted Silyl Enol and Allenol Ethers2.4	Annulation Reactions2.5	Dearomatization3	Synthetic Applications4	Conclusion
Palladium-Catalyzed α-Arylation of Meyers’s Chiral Bicyclic Lactams and a Deprotonative Ring-Opening Sideline
Authors: Chiang Hsin-Lun , Zhao Wei-Ting , Wu Yen-Ku , Chen Yi-An , Lin Yi-Ching , Chen Pei-Lin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDescribed is a deprotonative α-arylation reaction of Meyers’s chiral bicyclic lactams (MCBLs) under palladium catalysis, and a substrate-dependent post-transformation. When the bridgehead carbon of the MCBLs is substituted with a methyl or an ethyl group, the initial arylation product undergoes a further rearrangement reaction to give a conjugated framework. On the other hand, substrates bearing a bridgehead isopropyl or aryl group are converted into the corresponding exo-arylation products. Preliminary studies indicated that the rearrangement pathway was promoted by deprotonation and was independent of palladium catalysis. In addition to mechanistic interests, this study demonstrates a modular and divergent synthesis of functionalized lactams.
Expected Usefulness of Fourth Dose of COVID-19 Vaccine for Patients with Underlying Solid Tumor who Previously Received the Primary Heterologous COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: Yasri Sora , Wiwanitkit Viroj 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) immunization frequently requires two standard doses. Due to the likelihood that the population may lose immunity after receiving a standard mass vaccination and the potential for the introduction of a new strain, several scientists are currently advocating the use of a booster dosage of the vaccine.The authors of this retrospective study used a clinical model for immune response prediction to forecast how solid cancer patients will respond to the fourth dosage of the COVID-19 immunization. In the case of homologous primary backgrounds, the prospective rates of extension of protective efficacy for using viral vector and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccines for vaccinees with underlying solid tumor are equal to 11.5 and 16.5%, respectively. In the event of heterologous primary backgrounds, the prospective rates of extension of protective efficacy for using viral vector and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are equal to 2.2 and 7.2%, respectively, for patients with underlying solid cancer. In conclusion, the fourth dose of the COVID-19 vaccine regimen had an effect on the immunogenicity of vaccine recipients with underlying malignancy.