bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling of air drying of Hacıhaliloglu‐type apricots
Authors: Menges Hakan Okyay , Ertekin Can 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIn this study a laboratory dryer was used for the thin layer drying of sulfured and non‐sulfured apricots. The moisture ratio values throughout the drying process were calculated by 14 different mathematical models, namely Newton, Page, modified Page, modified Page‐II, Henderson and Pabis, logarithmic, two‐term, two‐term exponential, Wang and Singh, Thompson, diffusion approximation, modified Henderson and Papis, Verma et al. and Midilli et al. models. Root mean square error, reduced chi‐square, mean bias error, adjusted R‐square and modelling efficiency were used as statistical parameters to determine the most suitable model among them. According to the results, the Page model was chosen to explain the thin layer drying behaviour of sulfured and non‐sulfured apricots. The effects of drying air temperature (T) and velocity (V) on the constants and coefficients of the best moisture ratio model were determined by multiple regression analysis. The moisture ratio (MR) could be predicted by the Page model equation MR = exp(−ktn) with constants and coefficients k = 0.470893 + 0.078775V and n = 0.017786 exp(0.051935T) for sulfured apricots and k = 4.578252 + 1.144643T and n = 0.888040 + 0.145559V for non‐sulfured apricots. It is possible to predict the moisture content of the product with the generalised Page model incorporating the effects of drying air temperature and velocity on the model constants and coefficients in the ranges T = 70–80 °C and V = 1–3 m s−1. This developed model showed acceptable agreement with the experimental results, explained the drying behaviour of the product and could also be used for engineering applications. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Placement of deep brain stimulator electrodes using real‐time high‐field interventional magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Martin Alastair J. , Larson Paul S. , Ostrem Jill L. , Keith Sootsman W. , Talke Pekka , Weber Oliver M. , Levesque Nadja , Myers Jeffrey , Starr Philip A. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA methodology is presented for placing deep brain stimulator electrodes under direct MR image guidance. The technique utilized a small, skull‐mounted trajectory guide that is optimized for accurate alignment under MR fluoroscopy. Iterative confirmation scans are used to monitor device alignment and brain penetration. The methodology was initially tested in a human skull phantom and proved capable of achieving submillimeter accuracy over a set of 16 separate targets that were accessed. The maximum error that was obtained in this preliminary test was 2 mm, motivating use of the technique in a clinical study. Subsequently, a total of eight deep brain stimulation electrodes were placed in five patients. Satisfactory placement was achieved on the first pass in seven of eight electrodes, while two passes were required with one electrode. Mean error from the intended target on the first pass was 1.0 ± 0.8 mm (range = 0.1–1.9 mm). All procedures were considered technical successes and there were no intraoperative complications; however, one patient did develop a postoperative infection. Magn Reson Med, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
PROPELLER EPI: An MRI technique suitable for diffusion tensor imaging at high field strength with reduced geometric distortions
Authors: Wang Fu‐Nien , Huang Teng‐Yi , Lin Fa‐Hsuan , Chuang Tzu‐Chao , Chen Nan‐Kuei , Chung Hsiao‐Wen , Chen Cheng‐Yu , Kwong Kenneth K. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA technique suitable for diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) at high field strengths is presented in this work. The method is based on a periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction (PROPELLER) k‐space trajectory using EPI as the signal readout module, and hence is dubbed PROPELLER EPI. The implementation of PROPELLER EPI included a series of correction schemes to reduce possible errors associated with the intrinsically higher sensitivity of EPI to off‐resonance effects. Experimental results on a 3.0 Tesla MR system showed that the PROPELLER EPI images exhibit substantially reduced geometric distortions compared with single‐shot EPI, at a much lower RF specific absorption rate (SAR) than the original version of the PROPELLER fast spin‐echo (FSE) technique. For DTI, the self‐navigated phase‐correction capability of the PROPELLER EPI sequence was shown to be effective for in vivo imaging. A higher signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) compared to single‐shot EPI at an identical total scan time was achieved, which is advantageous for routine DTI applications in clinical practice. Magn Reson Med, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Magnetic resonance imaging of the coronary vessel wall at 3 T using an obliquely oriented reinversion slab with adiabatic pulses
Authors: Priest Andrew N. , Bansmann P. Martin , Kaul Michael G. , Stork Alexander , Adam Gerhard 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThree‐dimensional methods offer volumetric coverage in coronary vessel wall imaging, in addition to high signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNR). To increase SNR further, it is desirable to implement such 3D methods at 3 T. At this field strength, the pulse sequence must be robust to main field and RF inhomogeneities. To achieve this, the double inversion‐recovery (DIR) preparation was adapted to use adiabatic pulses, with a slab‐selective reinversion replacing the previously used 2D pencil‐beam. The slab was oriented obliquely, in order to avoid upstream blood (e.g., left ventricle) or the navigator beam. Phantom experiments suggest that at 3 T, this approach improves both the net profile of the DIR pulse pair and the restoration of magnetization in the navigator region. Using this method, the feasibility of 3D coronary vessel wall imaging was demonstrated at 3 T. Fourteen healthy subjects were scanned using a segmented gradient‐echo sequence with prospective navigator gating. Good‐quality images of left and right coronary arteries were obtained, with SNR values of 29.7 ± 7.5 (vessel wall); 10.5 ± 4.4 (blood); 14.3 ± 5.2 (fat); and 45.6 ± 18.0 (myocardium). No problems occurred with ECG‐gating or power deposition (SAR) limits. Magn Reson Med, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A novel intensive induction therapy for high‐risk neuroblastoma utilizing sequential peripheral blood stem cell collection and infusion as hematopoietic support
Authors: Pradhan Kamnesh R. , Johnson Cynthia S. , Vik Terry A. , Sender Leonard S. , Kreissman Susan G. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the feasibility, toxicities, and the response rate (RR) of a dose intensive, submyeloablative, induction chemotherapy protocol termed EPiC (etoposide, carboplatin, and intensive cyclophosphamide) utilizing sequential peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection and infusion as hematopoietic support in children with newly diagnosed Stage 4 neuroblastoma.Patients and MethodsTwenty‐five children (age >1 year) with Stage 4 neuroblastoma were enrolled. First and third cycles consisted of cyclophosphamide (4 gm/m2) and carboplatin (400 mg/m2). Second and fourth cycles consisted of carboplatin (1 gm/m2), and etoposide (450 mg/m2). PBSC were collected following Cycles 1, 2, and 3 and reinfused in each subsequent cycle. Following EPiC and surgical resection of the primary tumor, patients proceeded to various consolidation therapies. RR was scored using the International Neuroblastoma Response Criteria.ResultsUsing PBSC infusion following EPiC chemotherapy resulted in a dose intensity averaging 85% of intended dose intensity; and in early neutrophil but not platelet recovery. PBSC were adequately collected in all, but one patient. The protocol had minimal non‐hematological toxicities. There was one toxic death. The overall RR was 78%, which included PR (partial response) and VGPR (very good partial response). The 5‐year event‐free survival and overall survival were 44% and 54%, respectively at a median follow‐up of 58.6 months.ConclusionEPiC is a feasible, well‐tolerated, sub‐myeloablative, induction chemotherapy protocol for children with high‐risk neuroblastoma. RR is equivalent to prior published studies, however, with minimal toxicities. Sequential PBSC collection and infusion is feasible even in very young children. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dose intensity of chemotherapy for osteosarcoma and outcome in the Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group (COSS) trials
Authors: Eselgrim Merle , Grunert Henrike , Kühne Thomas , Zoubek Andreas , Kevric Matthias , Bürger Horst , Jürgens Herbert , Mayer‐Steinacker Regine , Gosheger Georg , Bielack Stefan S. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBackgroundThe prognostic relevance of dose intensity in the treatment of osteosarcoma is still under discussion. The aim of this study was to investigate whether higher dose intensities of chemotherapy correlated with better outcomes.ProcedureThis study contains 917 consecutive Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group (COSS) patients <40 years with primary, high‐grade central, nonmetastatic osteosarcoma of the extremities, who were in complete remission at least until day 200 after the start of chemotherapy. All COSS‐protocols were based on a uniform treatment concept of aggressive polychemotherapy and definitive surgery. Chemotherapy dose intensity in the first 200 days of treatment (DI200) and possible correlations to overall and event‐free survival were investigated. The study focused on methotrexate, doxorubicin, cisplatin, and ifosfamide, which are considered to be the most active drugs against osteosarcoma. Multivariate analyses including well‐known prognostic factors were added to complete this investigation.ResultsUntil day 200, patients received 80.7 ± 26.1 g/m2methotrexate (MTX); 242 ± 69 mg/m2doxorubicin (DOX); 324 ± 133 mg/m2cisplatin (DDP); and 13.9 ± 9.8 g/m2ifosfamide (IFO) (mean ± SD). Median follow‐up from day 200 was 6.6 (0.02–22.1) years. There was no correlation between a higher DI200of any one drug and better outcomes in uni‐ or multi‐variate analyses. Total treatment intensity did not show such correlations either.ConclusionsIn an overall setting of intensive multidrug treatment of osteosarcoma, we could not prove that higher dose intensities correlate with better outcomes. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acute graft‐versus‐host disease of the heart
Authors: Roberts Stephen S. , Leeborg Nicky , Loriaux Marc , Johnson F. Leonard , Huang Meei‐Li , Stenzel Peter , Thiede Christian , Godder Kamar T. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractGraft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality after bone marrow transplantation. Acute GVHD most commonly involves the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and liver. Involvement of other organ systems is rare and remains controversial. We report a patient with GVHD who suffered a fatal ventricular arrhythmia shortly after bone marrow transplantation. Autopsy of the heart showed lymphocyte infiltration. Investigations for cardiotrophic viruses were negative, and chimerism analysis of the heart showed both donor and recipient DNA. We conclude that the cause of death was possibly graft‐versus‐host disease of the heart. A review of the literature revealed a total of 14 cases of possible cardiac GVHD. All but one of the reported cases have occurred in pediatric patients and six of those patients died, suggesting that this may be a rare but frequently fatal complication of pediatric allogeneic stem cell transplant. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2006; 47:624–628. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ABCB1 over‐expression and drug‐efflux in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines with t(17;19) and E2A‐HLF expression
Authors: Baudis Michael , Prima Victor , Tung Yoon Han , Hunger Stephen P. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBackgroundThe t(17;19)(q21;p13), which occurs in a small subset of acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALLs) and is associated with a dismal prognosis, creates a chimeric E2A‐HLF transcription factor with transforming properties.ProcedureWe used representational difference analysis to identify candidate E2A‐HLF target genes. Transient transfection assays and an inducible expression model system were then used to evaluate the ability of E2A‐HLF to modulate target gene expression.ResultsWe identified ABCB1 (MDR1, P‐glycoprotein) as a gene differentially expressed in ALL cell lines with and without E2A‐HLF expression and demonstrated that t(17;19)+ ALL cell lines expressed high levels of ABCB1 protein and had a drug efflux‐positive phenotype. Although ABCB1 transcription is regulated by C/EBPβ via interaction with a DNA response element that shares significant homology with the optimal E2A‐HLF binding site, E2A‐HLF did not directly activate transcription of reporter genes under control of ABCB1 promoter elements in transient transfection assays. However, ABCB1 expression was induced in a DNA‐binding independent manner by E2A‐HLF, E2A‐PBX1, and truncated E2A polypeptides consisting of those portions of E2A present in leukemic fusion proteins.ConclusionsE2A‐HLF‐mediated over‐expression of ABCB1 may play a critical role in defining the clinical phenotype of ALLs with a t(17;19), suggesting pharmacologic modulation of ABCB1 activity as a rational therapeutic strategy for this chemotherapy resistant subtype of ALL. Pediatric Blood Cancer 2006;47:757–764. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vincristine sulfate as a possible cause of optic neuropathy
Authors: Weisfeld‐Adams James D. , Dutton Gordon N. , Murphy Dermot M. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA 6‐year‐old boy with skin lesions suggestive of neurofibromatosis developed a frontotemporal primitive neuroectodermal tumor and was subsequently treated with surgery, craniospinal irradiation, and chemotherapy. After the sixth cycle of treatment with vincristine sulfate, 9 months after diagnosis, the child developed a rapidly progressive bilateral deterioration in visual acuity. Retinal appearances were consistent with optic neuropathy. Gene studies for neurocutaneous syndromes were negative. Brain imaging at this time showed no tumor progression, and in the absence of other etiologies, we implicate vincristine as a probable cause. Discontinuation of this particular agent has allowed bilateral improvement in visual acuity. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007;48:238–240. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acid‐suppressing drugs and gastroesophageal reflux disease as risk factors for acute pancreatitis—results from a Swedish Case‐Control Study
Authors: Sundström Anders , Blomgren Kerstin , Alfredsson Lars , Wiholm Bengt‐Erik 
Published: October 2005

AbstractPurposeTo study risk factors for acute pancreatitis, here with emphasis on gastro‐intestinal diseases and their treatments.MethodsPopulation based case‐control study covering four areas in Sweden encompassing 2.2 million inhabitants. Included were 462 incident cases of acute pancreatitis aged 20–85 years, hospitalized from 1 January 1995–31 May 1998, and 1781 unmatched controls randomly selected from the study base using a population register. Information was captured from medical records and structured telephone interviews.ResultsCurrent use of H2 antagonists starting within 6 months of index‐date was associated with acute pancreatitis with an adjusted OR of 4.9 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6–15), and current use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) with an adjusted OR of 3.2 (95%CI 1.4–7.4). For both drug classes, the ORs tended to be higher at higher doses. Gastritis/gastro‐esophageal reflux disease (GERD) within the last 12 months not treated with PPIs or H2‐antagonists and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) not treated with anti‐inflammatory or immunosuppressive drugs were associated with development of acute pancreatitis with adjusted odds ratios (OR) of 1.9 (95%CI 1.2–3.0) and 5.1 (95%CI 2.0–13) respectively.ConclusionsCurrent IBD without treatment and gastritis/GERD without treatment were found to be associated with increased risks to develop acute pancreatitis but the nature of the latter association needs to be further evaluated. On balance, we judge that the observed associations between current use of H2‐antagonists and PPIs and increased risk of acute pancreatitis are unlikely to be explained by bias. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epidemiological assessment of levodopa use in Cuba: 1993–1998
Authors: Lara G. , Cuadrado‐Gamarra J. I. , de Pedro‐Cuesta J. , Esteban E. M. , Giménez‐Roldán S. , Luis‐González S. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study is to describe and evaluate the use of levodopa in Cuba in order to provide a basis for intervention aimed at improving pharmacological treatment of individuals presenting with Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodsWe studied the amount of levodopa, both plain and combined, distributed by the central laboratory to hospital and community pharmacies in Cuba in the period 1993–1998. An internationally established drug‐classification system and a reported method for epidemiological assessment of levodopa sales were applied. Sweden in 1994 served as the reference population.ResultsNational crude rates of levodopa use basically remained stable since 1994, and in 1998 stood at 0.11 defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants/day, approximately 15 times lower than the corresponding figure for the reference population. Annual provincial use of levodopa showed considerable geographical variation, with the lowest rates in the eastern provinces and the highest rates in Havana City (Ciudad de La Habana). Adjustment for age reduced such differences by approximately 50%.ConclusionsLevodopa use in Cuba is low and consistent with the reported low prevalence of the diagnosis of PD. Results suggest that the diagnosis and treatment of PD can be improved, with emphasis on better detection of PD. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crystallization kinetics and morphology of poly(butylene succinate‐co‐adipate)
Authors: Ren Minqiao , Song Jianbin , Song Chunlei , Zhang Huiliang , Sun Xiaohong , Chen Qingyong , Zhang Hongfang , Mo Zhishen 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe crystallization kinetics of biodegradable poly(butylene succinate‐co‐adipate) (PBS/A) copolyester was investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical microscopy (POM), respectively. The Avrami and Ozawa equations were used to analyze the isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics, respectively. By using wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), PBS/A was identified to have the same crystal structure with that of PBS. The spherulitic growth rates of PBS/A measured in isothermal conditions are very well comparable with those measured by nonisothermal procedures (cooling rates ranged from 0.5 to 15 °C/min). The kinetic data were examined with the Hoffman–Lauritzen nucleation theory. The observed spherulites of PBS/A with different shapes and textures strongly depend on the crystallization temperatures. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 3231–3241, 2005
AC and DC percolative conductivity of single wall carbon nanotube polymer composites
Authors: McLachlan David S. , Chiteme Cosmas , Park Cheol , Wise Kristopher E. , Lowther Sharon E. , Lillehei Peter T. , Siochi Emilie J. , Harrison Joycelyn S. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe equations needed to correctly interpret both AC and DC conductivity results of single wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) polymer composites and the scaling of these results onto a single master curve are presented. Brief discussions on the factors that determine the critical volume fraction (ϕc) and the percolation exponent (t) are also given. The results for a series of SWNT–polyimide composites are presented and the parameters obtained from fitting these results are discussed. The critical volume fraction for electrical percolation of the present composite was about 0.0005. Results obtained from previous work on SWNT (MWNT)–polymer composites and other percolation systems and the modeling (interpretation) of these results are also discussed and compared. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 3273–3287, 2005
Preparation and characterization of PP/clay nanocomposites based on modified polypropylene and clay
Authors: Wu Jeng‐Yue , Wu Tzong‐Ming , Chen Wei‐Yan , Tsai Shih‐Jung , Kuo Wen‐Faa , Chang Gwo‐Yang 
Published: October 2005

AbstractX‐ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) methods have been used to investigate the crystallization behavior and crystalline structure of hexamethylenediamine (HMDA)‐modified maleic‐anhydride‐grafted polypropylene/clay (PP‐g‐MA/clay) nanocomposites. These nanocomposites have been prepared by using HMDA to graft the PP‐g‐MA (designated as PP‐g‐HMA) and then mixing the PP‐g‐HMA polymer in hot xylene solution, with the organically modified montmorillonite. Both X‐ray diffraction data and transmission electron microscopy images of PP‐g‐HMA/clay nanocomposites indicate that most of the swellable silicate layers are exfoliated and randomly dispersed into PP‐g‐HMA matrix. DSC isothermal results revealed that introducing 5 wt % of clay into the PP‐g‐HMA structure causes strongly heterogeneous nucleation, which induced a change of the crystal growth process from a three‐dimensional crystal growth to a two‐dimensional spherulitic growth. Mechanical properties of PP‐g‐HMA/clay nanocomposites performed by dynamic mechanical analysis show significant improvements in the storage modulus when compared to neat PP‐g‐HMA. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 3242–3254, 2005
Deformation and fracture behavior of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluorethylene) ferroelectric copolymer films under uniaxial tension
Authors: Fang F. , Zhang M. Z. , Huang J. F. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe deformation and fracture behavior under uniaxial tension was characterized for P(VDF‐TrFE) 68/32 mol % copolymer films prepared under two different processing conditions. It was found that the copolymer films prepared by solution casting and then annealing show a typical polymeric brittle fracture feature. For the copolymer films prepared by stretching the solution‐cast films and then annealing process, a typical linearly strengthening stage occurs in the stress–strain curve after yielding, and the polymer film samples fracture at a much larger maximum strain and a higher tensile strength than those prepared by the former process. SEM observation and XRD analysis were carried out to examine the morphology and microstructure change during uniaxial tension. The results show that for the stretched film samples, the polymer chains undergo slipping or further reorientation during uniaxial tension, causing the increase of the peak intensity in the X‐ray diffraction pattern. For the directly annealed ones, no yielding phenomenon is observed and there is no apparent X‐ray diffraction intensity change. It was suggested that the highly‐oriented fibril structure of the stretched film samples contributes to the linearly strengthening stage after yielding in the stress–strain curve. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 3255–3260, 2005