bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS FOR IPO UNDERPERFORMANCE PREDICTION
Authors: Sonsare Pravinkumar , Pande Ashtavinayak , Kurve Akshay , Kumar Sudhanshu , Shanbhag Chinmay 
Published: December 2023

Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) are a popular way for companies to raise capital and enter the public markets. However, many IPOs underperform and fail to meet the expectations of investors. In this research paper, we explore the use of different machine learning models, namely AdaBoost, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, ANN and SVM, for predicting IPO underperformance. We collect and pre-process a dataset of IPOs from the past few years, and use it to train and evaluate the performance of each model. Our results show that Artificial Neural Network model is better suited for predicting IPO underperformance. Additionally, our analysis provides insights into the factors that contribute to underperformance and highlights the importance of certain features in predicting IPO performance. Our research provides valuable information for investors and financial analysts interested in predicting the performance of IPOs and mitigating the risks associated with IPO investments. We have tested machine learning models, namely AdaBoost, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, ANN and SVM. After Comparing the accuracy of all the models, we arrived at the conclusion that ANN model performed the best with an accuracy of 68.11%.
STEREOTYPES AS DISTORTING MIRROR OF REALITY
Authors: Harutyunyan Narine , Khachatryan Armine 
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the study is to analyze the mechanisms and causes of social stereotypes formation in modern world. The problem of stability and variability of ethnic stereotypes, as well as heterostereotypes (external stereotypes formed by representatives of one culture about another) and autostereotypes (myths about themselves that exist within the framework of the given culture) are considered.
Modern society is characterized by stereotypical mindset. There are various stereotypes that exist at language level and may interfere in the process of intercultural communication. Intercultural perception is a key point in interaction of the representatives of different cultures, and ethnic stereotypes are an important component of intercultural perception. The mechanisms of forming stereotypes are connected with the peculiarities of human mindset and psyche. Mechanisms of stereotyping also include a person’s tendency to draw conclusions based on one’s own cultural experience.
Once formed, stereotypes acquire а high degree of stability. They are difficult to modify and become a “distorting mirror”, in which the representatives of different groups are reflected in a blurred or distorted form.
Language plays a leading role in creating stereotypes. Constant repetition of the same phrases, which acquire stability on the level of language within a course of time, leads to the fact that their meaning settles in the subcortex of the brain, and their perception takes place automatically, without the participation of higher consciousness. Language carries in itself a huge influencing power. Modeling the worldview of native speakers, it defines their actions and behavior not only on the interpersonal, but also on the social levels.
Pandemi Covid-19 Sebagai Bentuk Overmacht Terjadinya Wanprestasi Kredit di Bank
Authors: Mual Yansen , Tjoanda Merry , Pariela Marselo Valentino Geovani 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The impact of Covid-19 is the weakening of the Indonesian economy, due to restrictions on activities in the business sector which show the majority of the implementation of the rights and obligations in the agreement.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this study is to find out whether the Covid-19 Pandemic is a Form of Overmacht Credit Default in Banking and How is Credit Default Settled Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic in Banking.Methods of the Research: The research method used is normative juridical research or literature study with a descriptive analytical research type which is a method that functions to describe or provide an overview of the object under study through legal sources.Results of the Research: The results of the research carried out must be understood that three things must be checked so that the persuasive situation clause can be applied. First, the facts must be beyond the control of the parties. Second, the ability of the parties to carry out their contractual obligations cannot be carried out due to the event that hinders them. Third, the parties have taken all steps to try to mitigate the risks that arise as a result of the event or the occurrence of such compelling circumstances. In the context of the spread of Covid-19, the first and second criteria of coercion can be said to have been met. The reason is that Covid-19 directly or indirectly has an impact on the performance and capacity of the parties so that it affects the ability to fulfill the agreement contained in the contract.
Penyalagunaan Wewenang Kepala Desa Dalam Membuat Surat Keterangan Tanah
Authors: Tuhuleruw Ilona Miranda , Bakarbessy Andress Deny , Matitaputty Merlien Irene 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The village head is part of the government apparatus at the lowest level, playing an important role in helping to achieve legal certainty regarding land rights.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of the current research is to know and analyze what authority the village head has in making a land certificate and to know and analyze what the legal consequences are if there is an abuse of the village head's authority in making a land certificateMethods of the Research: The research method in this study is normative legal research, using a statutory and conceptual approach. Sources of research data include primary, secondary, tertiary legal sources. The data collection technique is in the form of literature study. Processing and analysis of legal materials used in writing is using a qualitative analysis method.Results of the Research: The result of the research show that it was found that abuse of authority was found in the case of land acquisition for the AL wharf in Tawiri Ambon City, unscrupulous village heads abused authority in making land certificates for land sale and purchase transactions in 2015, the letter was made by for his personal interests and verified by the sub-district head ambon bay.
A importância do pilar da comunicação e do treinamento corporativo para a efetiva implementação da cultura do compliance
Authors: Martin Tiossi Fabiano , Hernandes Argentina Pedro Henrique 
Published: December 2023

O trabalho pretende abordar a cultura de compliance, medida que vem sendo amplamente aderida pelas empresas, na busca por uma atuação mais transparente e em consonância com as normas. Os programas de integridade ganharam popularidade após os escândalos da operação Lava-Jato, situação em que inúmeras pessoas jurídicas renomadas foram identificadas por práticas do crime de corrupção. Diante este cenário caótico, as empresas debruçaram uma atenção maior no desenvolvimento e implementação de um programa de compliance efetivo. Para que a cultura de compliance seja implementada e apresente resultados positivos, é necessário que o programa esteja pautado sobre a função tríplice de prevenir, detectar e sanar atos ilícitos e aqueles que, mesmo não configurando um crime, causam reflexos perniciosos na instituição. Para que um programa de compliance seja implementado na empresa, é necessário que o mesmo tenha como alicerce os mecanismos e ferramentas do programa, conhecido por muitos como “pilares”. Os treinamentos corporativos representam uma ferramenta essencial para o correto funcionamento do programa, tendo em vista que a comunicação dentro da empresa é o principal fator para a irradiação de uma cultura organizacional. Para atingir os objetivos, o trabalho foi elaborado de forma dedutiva. Realizado e fundamentado por meio de revisões bibliográficas, dentre elas revistas acadêmicas on-line, bem como a utilização de informações já disponibilizadas em livros, artigos, legislação e outras fontes publicadas.
Suitability of Crushed Sandcrete Block (CSB) as a Partial Replacement for Fine Aggregate in Concrete Structures
Authors: Akor Joshua , Onjefu Leonard , Edeh Joseph , Olubambi Ademilade 
Published: December 2023

In concrete structures, debris generated from construction, renovation, and demolition of buildings is often referred to as construction and demolition waste. These waste materials may be very important to recycle for several reasons for instance, recycling materials such as glass, metal, concrete, and wood waste can lessen our reliance on virgin resources, preserve natural resources, and lessen the negative environmental effects of resource exploitation. The suitability of crushed sandcrete block (CSB) for use as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete was examined. The physical and mechanical properties of the crushed sandcrete block and river sand were determined and compared. The specific gravity of the crushed sandcrete block was found to be 2.58 while that for river sand was 2.66. The concrete with compressive strength of 25N/mm2 at 28 days’ hydration period was calculated for the normal mixture as the control. The percentage mix of the fine aggregate was substituted with CSB in different mix proportions of 0:1(0%), 1:3(25%), 1:2(33.3%), 1:1(50%), 2:1(66.7%), 3:1(75%) and 1:0(100%) of crushed sandcrete block and river sand by weight as fine aggregate. The concrete cubes were cured, and compressive strength tests were carried out at 7, 14, and 28 days. It was observed that the 28-day density and compressive strength for concrete cubes with crushed sandcrete block alone as fine aggregate (i.e. 100%) were found to be 2420kg/m³ and 22N/mm² respectively compared to the 0:1(0%) proportion which was found to be 2485kg/m³ and 26N/mm² respectively. It was observed that the density and compressive strength reduced with the increasing addition of CSB in all the proportions.

Received: 6 October 2023 | Revised: 27 November 2023 | Accepted: 21 December 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Author Contribution Statement
Joshua Akor: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - review & editing, Supervision; Leonard Onjefu: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration; Joseph Edeh: Supervision; Ademilade Olubambi: Writing - original draft, Visualization.
Pembinaan Keagamaan: Urgensi dan Dampaknya Terhadap Religiusitas dan Etos Kerja Civitas Akademika IAIN Sorong
Authors: Sari Fatma , Hartinah Hartinah 
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the urgency of religious coaching for the IAIN Sorong academic community, to explore the impact of religious coaching on the religiosity of the academic community of IAIN Sorong, and to explore the impact of religious coaching on the work ethic of the Sorong IAIN academic community. The type of research used in this research was qualitative research. Qualitative research focuses on natural phenomena or events. The research subjects were the academic community of IAIN Sorong, West Papua. The research procedure used in this study was to collect data in the form of observations, interviews and documentation. In this study, the data analysis used consisted of 3 stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that religious coaching is important for the academic community of IAIN Sorong and for the community because it has an effect or implication for the continuation and continuity of the enthusiasm and performance of lecturers and staff at IAIN Sorong. The impact of religious coaching on the religiosity of the academic community at IAIN Sorong is quite significant. Religious coaching can add spiritual insight to the IAIN Sorong academic community which can be applied in carrying out work. The impact of religious coaching on the work ethic of the academic community at IAIN Sorong includes motivation, responsibility and quality of performance.
Keywords: Religious Coaching, Religiosity, Work Ethic, Academic Community
Um plano de educação ambiental baseado na educação infantil, participação social : um estudo de caso na Aldeia Terere em Sidrolândia
Authors: Angelis Cristiano Trindade De 
Published: December 2023

Resumo

É importante ter em mente que a Educação Ambiental não pode se desenvolver sozinha, como entidade isolada. Tem que estar dentro de um contexto que lhe permita crescer e fazer sentido. Portanto, este artigo propõe a transversalidade da aprendizagem da educação ambiental no ensino das crianças e então maior integração com os estudantes indígenas, atualmente severamente discriminados e até mesmo abusados. Essa transversalidade gera um maior conhecimento sobre o assunto e ao mesmo tempo uma maior consciência da importância do respeito ao meio ambiente e os moradores e defensores da natureza, os índios.
Como os indios da Aldeira Terere não confiam e não gostam da educacao tradicional das creches e pré-escola, a educacao ambiental se dá atraves da família e da uniao entre eles, mas poderia servir de solução para dificuldade de integração.
Um cidadão ecologicamente consciente da importância do respeito a natureza e outas culturas está aberto às melhores práticas de educação ambiental e assim mais preparado para a participação popular em programas e projetos governamentais. Diante desse contexto de mudança de atitudes, este trabalho propõe, além da transversalidade do aprendizado sobre Educação Ambiental, um modelo baseado em Comunidades de Prática, de participação social e alinhamento com a comunidade indigena em busca da construção de um novo paradigma para a Educação Ambiental.
Witness Oath in Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Dragović Svjetlana 
Published: December 2023

The form and content of procedural actions in criminal proceedings is prescribed by law. The law obliges all procedural subjects to undertake procedural actions as prescribed. Any deviation from the prescribed results in an irregular procedural action, the consequences of which depend on the degree and significance of the irregularity for the criminal procedure. In order to prevent improper procedural actions, the law provides certain preventive measures. One of them is witness oath.
The witness oath exists the same amount of time as witnesses. Its purpose has always been the same, to contribute to the credibility of the witnesses testimony. However, the character of the oath, and therefore its text, as well as the way of taking it, i.e. the consequences of the witness's refusal to take the oath have changed and today differ from country to country. In the papear, the author will describe the oath, its concept, significance and method of takig the oath in criminal proceedings, with special reference to the oath in the criminal proceedings of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Forensic Sciences and Ethics in the Era of Application of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Andrić Sanela D , Ivanović Aleksandar B 
Published: December 2023

Forensic sciences are an indispensable segment of criminal investigations. Forensics, as a dynamic science that is constantly developing, follows the development of modern scientific trends. The application of artificial intelligence has not bypassed forensic science, which by definition discovers modern scientific methods, adapts them and applies them with the aim of discovering and interpreting (expert) material traces from the scene of a crime. With the initial optimism of the application of artificial intelligence, especially in the development and application of information technologies in forensic databases, comes (un)justified caution. If artificial intelligence were to take over the simulation of shell, cognitive thinking and decision-making more and more over time, the question of ethical responsibility arises. This raises a number of questions, one of the most important of which is who is responsible in the event of an error in the analysis. Furthermore, if artificial intelligence also takes over the interpretations of forensic analyses, who in that case bears the responsibility for a possible complaint about the end result - the opinion.
Our paper will deal with the mentioned problems, emphasizing that the European Union, through the ENFSI network, was the first to react in the direction of studying the application of artificial intelligence in forensic sciences, with the strategic document ENFSI - Vision of the European Forensic Science Area 2030 „Improving the reliability and validity of forensic science and encouraging implementation of new technologies“, the most important parts of which will be presented in the paper.
Association of WDR36 polymorphisms with primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Garg Pragati , Malik Mehvish , Raza Tasleem 
Published: December 2023

Background: Various genes contribute to the pathophysiology of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). The WD repeat domain 36 (WDR36) gene may participate in T cell activation and, hence, in the pathogenesis of POAG. We investigated the association of two WDR36 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with POAG.
Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited patients aged >40 years with POAG and investigated the rs10038177 and rs1971050 SNPs of WDR36 using polymerase chain reaction and direct DNA sequencing. All participants underwent comprehensive ocular examination, visual field assessment using the Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm standard 24-2 threshold test, and measurement of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography.
Results: We enrolled 105 patients with a mean (standard deviation) age of 55.41 (8.56) years and a male-to-female ratio of 56 (53.3%) to 49 (46.7%), most of whom had a diagnosis of POAG for 2 to 5 years (60.0%). Most participants had diabetes (90.5%) but not hypertension (88.6%). There was a significant association of rs10038177 (P<0.05), but not rs1971050 (P>0.05), with family history of glaucoma. The association between rs10038177 and intraocular pressure was significant (P<0.05), but that between rs1971050 and intraocular pressure was not (P>0.05). No significant association was observed between mean cup-to-disc ratio and either SNP (both P>0.05). For rs10038177, a significant association was found only with the RNFLT of the superior quadrant (P<0.05), whereas for rs1971050, a significant association was found with the RNFLT of all four quadrants and average RNFLT (all P<0.05). However, pairwise comparisons revealed no significant differences between genotypes (P>0.05 for all pairwise comparisons). The association of rs10038177 with glaucoma severity was insignificant (P>0.05), and most patients with the TC genotype (71.7%) had moderate severity. There was no significant association between rs1971050 and glaucoma severity (P>0.05).
Conclusions: We observed genetic links between some, but not all, characteristics of POAG and the rs10038177 and rs1971050 SNPs of WDR36. Follow-up studies on these and other WDR36 SNPs in populations with different genetic backgrounds are necessary to confirm this genetic association.
Photophysical and photodynamic analysis of different formulations of riboflavin
Authors: Osaba Matias , Cristian Tempesti Tomas , Eduardo Reviglio Victor 
Published: December 2023

Background: Riboflavin (Rb) has been used in the ophthalmological procedure known as corneal cross-linking (CXL). Pathologies requiring this treatment include keratoconus, corneal ectasia, and infectious keratitis. Rb is instilled via different molecules that are transported into the tissues. However, each vehicle imparts different properties that alter the photodynamic behavior of Rb, leading to variable concentrations of free radicals within the medium. The objective of this study was to measure the concentrations of free radicals produced by commonly used Rb formulations. To determine the free radical production level of each formulation, L-tryptophan (L-Tryp) was used as a model substrate because it can be efficiently photo-oxidized.
Methods: We investigated the photodegradation of L-Tryp and its kinetics upon light exposure. The spectra were recorded using a Shimadzu UV-1800 PC spectrophotometer and a Cary Eclipse fluorescence spectrophotometer. A high-power solid-state LED light source was used for irradiation. L-Tryp degradation was performed using a 9-W LED lamp, and steady-state photolysis was conducted in quartz cells. The observed rate constants for L-Tryp degradation were determined by analyzing the changes in absorbance and fluorescence intensity. Data analysis was performed using Origin software.
Results: We examined the characteristics of the photophysical and photodynamic action of the carriers in different commercially available Rb formulations. These included a) Rb with dextran, b) Rb without dextran, c) VibeX Rapid® (hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as a vehicle), d) Trans-Epithelial Kit (I) (sodium chloride as a vehicle), and e) Trans-Epithelial Kit (II) (benzalkonium chloride as a vehicle), using L-Tryp as a model substrate, and focusing on absorption and emission spectra. VibeX Rapid® exhibited the highest photo-degradation constant. The study affirmed the stability of Rb formulations for CXL and highlighted the efficacy of VibeX Rapid® in L-Tryp photo-oxidation and this rationalizes its current use as a CXL agent.
Conclusions: We demonstrated that formulations for transport of Rb are of crucial importance in CXL applications. Rb in the VibeX Rapid® formulation is more effective in generating photo-degradation, and this reflects its superior performance in CXL. Future experiments should be designed and conducted to quantitatively differentiate the production of free radicals. Studies involving human participants could shed light on the clinical efficacy and safety of the available Rb formulations.