bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mobility, Mental Well-being and Neighborhood Walkability Among Older Adults in Nigeria: An Urban Perspective
Authors: John Jeneviv Nene , Isaac Fredrick Sunday , Osiri Emmanuel Jonah , Mgbeojedo Ukamaka Gloria , Okezue Obinna Chinedu , Nnamani Chimdi Ebubechi , Ibeneme Sam Chidi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The rapid urbanization and demographic shifts experienced globally have significant implications for the well-being of older adults, particularly in low and middle income countries like Nigeria. As individuals age, understanding the impact of environmental characteristics on mobility and mental well-being becomes crucial for optimal health. Walkable neighborhoods have the potential to enhance mobility, social engagement, and well-being among older adults. This study explored the neighborhood characteristics and its relationship with mobility and mental well-being of older adults in Nigeria.
Methods
This cross-sectional study involved 162 older adults. The Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale, Life Space Questionnaire and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale assessed the neighborhood characteristics, mobility and mental well-being respectively. Correlation and multiple regression analysis were employed.
Results
Significant relationships were observed between mobility and residential density (r= -0.223, p = 0.004), connectivity (r = 0.266, p = 0.001) aesthetics (r = 0.212, p = 0.007), and safety from traffic (r = 0.214, p = 0.006). The regression analysis with mobility as the dependent variable showed a good model fit and was significant [F = 7.389, p < 0.001, adjusted R2 = 0.28, R2 = 0.33]. The predictors/independent variables in the model accounted for 33% of the variance in mobility. Durbin Watson’s score was 2.066 indicating independence of observations in the model. Variance Inflation factor values were less than 10 while Tolerance values were greater than 0.20 indicating no multicollinearity in the model. Key predictors of mobility were residential density, land use mix, connectivity, aesthetics, safety from traffic, environmental description and child safety. Interestingly, there was no significant relationship between neighborhood characteristics and mental well-being (p > 0.05), and none of these characteristics emerged as significant predictors of mental well-being.
Conclusions
Urban planners, policymakers, and healthcare professionals should collaborate to create age-friendly environments that prioritize mobility and well-being for older adults. The insights from this study can inform policy recommendations and guidelines aimed at enhancing the overall quality of life for older adults, reducing the incidence of isolation, anxiety, and depression, and promoting healthier, more vibrant communities.
Trial registration:
Not Applicable
A Differential Game-Based Security Mechanism for Protecting Data Element Circulation
Authors: Wang Lei , Xu Haitao , Shi Haoyu , Zhou Xianwei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

In intelligent connected vehicles (ICVs), driver-users connect with the Internet through roadside units (RSUs). The driver-users transmit a large amount of personally sensitive information about their journeys to RSUs to access value-added services. Simultaneously, the attackers infiltrate RSUs at a certain frequency to steal or intercept some connected ICVs users' privacy information, which causes a great threat to the privacy of user data elements. Moreover, most defense technologies in current ICVs systems rely on a passive defense approach, which has limitations such as single strategy and difficult flexible adjustment. Given the above issue, this paper proposes a data element circulation security defense mechanism based on differential game theory. The mechanism conceptualizes the health level of RSUs as a contested resource and establishes a differential game model. Leveraging the Nash equilibrium solution with feedback, the mechanism adaptively determines the optimal packet marking strength (PMS) in accordance with the attack frequency. And the defenders can achieve maximization the effectiveness of their defenses. Ultimately, numerical simulations are conducted to validate the accuracy of the model and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism.
Atom Transition Networks and Isotope Labeling Patterns in Large Chemical Reaction Networks
Authors: Golnik Richard , Stadler Peter Florian , Gatter Thomas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Isotope tracing experiments are an important source of information in particular for the analysis of complex metabolic networks. Their evaluation, however, is a notoriously difficult and time-consuming task. Here, we derive a simple and complete solution for an important special case, namely the specific labeling of a single atom in a single feed compound. Starting from the atom-to-atom map of a reaction we first derive a transition matrix that exactly describes the propagation of the label from reactants to products, taking into account the relevant symmetries. These are subsequently combined into a global atom transition network. Assuming a steady-state flux F through the chemical reaction network we derive a system of affine differential equations describing how the reaction network is flooded by labeled atoms from an external reservoir. This leads to a unique asymptotically stable steady state distribution of labels that can be computed by solving a non-singular system of linear equations. Linear combinations of these single-atom labeling patterns also solve the problem of computing the enrichment of multiple, simultaneous labels, albeit without providing information on correlations between distinct labels.
Green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles using Ficus platyphylla leaf and bark extracts: antimicrobial activity against mrsa and other pathogens, anticoagulant and antioxidant properties
Authors: Abdulmumini Shakirat Afodun , Yusuf-Salihu Bashirat Olamide , Elegbede Joseph Adetunji , Lateef Agbaje 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Klebsiella oxytoca, underscores the need for novel antimicrobial strategies. This study synthesized selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) for the first time using Ficus platyphylla leaf (FPL) and bark (FPB) extracts, employing a sustainable green synthesis approach. The nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, TEM, XRD, and EDX. Polydispersed spherical, oval, and square-shaped SeNPs from bark (FPBS) exhibited maximum absorption at 327 nm, while monodispersed, oval-shaped SeNPs from leaves (FPLS) absorbed at 338 nm. FTIR confirmed the involvement of phenolic compounds and proteins in nanoparticle synthesis. At 200 µg/ml, FPLS and FPBS showed significant antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones of 33.3 ± 0.88 mm and 32.3 ± 0.33 mm against MRSA and Klebsiella oxytoca, respectively. The SeNPs demonstrated antifungal activity (97.21–100% inhibition) against Aspergillus and Penicillium species, as well as antioxidant activity, scavenging DPPH (37.76–79.99%) and H₂O₂ (17.32–77.40%) at 1–50 mg/ml. They also showed anticoagulant potential, comparable to EDTA. This study highlights the alignment with circular bioeconomy principles by utilizing sustainable, renewable plant resources to synthesize SeNPs, minimizing the environmental impact. It also supports the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and Goal 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production). These findings showcase F. platyphylla-derived SeNPs as eco-friendly, multifunctional nanoparticles with significant biomedical applications, advancing green nanotechnology.
Foliar application of zinc and boron alleviate deficiency stress in papaya (Carica papaya L.) seedlings
Authors: Deb Prahlad , KumarAbhishek  , Das Payel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Papaya is among the most important tropical fruits and is cultivated in nearly all Indian states. Micronutrient deficiency at an early stage can lead to poor growth and reduced yield in papaya. The effect of foliar application of zinc and boron on stress metabolism of papaya seedlings has been studied through a pot experiment conducted under greenhouse conditions. The experiment was framed in a completely randomised design with nine treatments that included zinc sulphate @ 0.2%, 0.4% and borax @ 0.2%, 0.4% and their combinations along with a control treatment (distilled water only). Seedlings were grown in polythene bags filled with properly washed sand and sprayed with the above treatment combinations of micronutrients at 15 days interval after germination adjusting neutral pH. The foliar spray of 0.4% zinc sulphate combined with 0.2% borax led to an increase in leaf chlorophyll content (a, b, and total), thereby boosting photosynthesis (soluble sugars) and enhancing the relative water content in leaves available for all metabolic processes. Increased application of zinc and boron also reduced the stress expression of papaya seedlings by reducing proline content, superoxide dismutase enzyme and phenol content. Lipid peroxidation in the leaf was also minimal with higher zinc application and moderate boron application, as indicated by the lower malondialdehyde content. Therefore, foliar application of 0.4% zinc sulphate and 0.2% borax can be recommended for better seedling growth of papaya in terms of less stress and high metabolic activity.
In Vitro Suction Comparison of 3 Flexible and Navigable Suction Ureteral Access Sheaths (FANS) of 2 Sizes using a 7.5Fr Single-Use Flexible Ureteroscope: An AUSET-EAU Endourology Collaboration
Authors: Law Yu Xi Terence , Tan Yi Quan , Htoo Ei Ei Aung , So Wei Zheng , Lau Shu-En Rachel , Kwok Jia-Lun , Yuen Steffi Kar Kei , Cho Sung Yong , Inoue Takaaki , Somani Bhaskar Kumar , Tiong Ho Yee , GAUHAR Vineet 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose The primary aim was to study the in-vitro suction performance of three different Flexible and Navigable Suction Ureteral Access Sheaths (FANS) of two sizes each. The secondary aim was to study the impact of digital occlusion versus thumb sliders on suction performance.Methods We used the 7.5Fr single-use Flexible Ureterorenoscope from Innovex Medical (US27F-12-EU). The six FANS used were: 10/12Fr and 11/13Fr Innovex 40cm FANS, ClearPetra 46cm FANS, and Reborn 40cm FANS. Time taken to suction 100ml saline was measured. To test efficiency of stone suction, 1000mm3 of 1 to 2mm stones were distributed equally between the upper and lower poles of a kidney model.Results All three 11/13Fr FANS had suction rates three times faster than their 10/12Fr counterparts (p = 0.001 for all FANS), when digital occlusion was used. Innovex and Clearpetra FANS had faster suction rates than Reborn FANS when suctioning 100ml saline, for both 10/12Fr and 11/13Fr. For the Innovex FANS, there was no difference in suction rate when using the thumb slider or digital occlusion. However, Reborn FANS had slower suction rates when using the thumb slider compared to digital occlusion for both 10/12Fr and 11/13Fr sizes. Innovex FANS was the fastest in suctioning upper pole calculi, followed by Clearpetra FANS, and Reborn FANS the slowest for 10/12Fr (198s versus 237s versus 537s respectively, p < 0.001) and 11/13Fr (158s versus 174s versus 332s respectively, p < 0.001). 10/12Fr and 11/13Fr Reborn FANS were not able to reach the lower pole calculi. Between Clearpetra and Innovex, there was no significant difference in time taken to suction lower pole calculi.Conclusions Faster suction was achieved with 11/13Fr instead of 10/12Fr FANS. With digital occlusion, the Innovex and Clearpetra FANS both performed similarly better in their suction performance than the Reborn FANS.
The association between physical function, self-perceived health, and 24-hour activity patterns for older people in Europe: a compositional data analysis
Authors: Zhou Mi , Wang Yuetong , Song Xiaomei , Hong Xinlei , Ji Zhen , Zhou Youbin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Previous research shows physical function and health state in the elderly are associated with daily activity behavior, such as physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep, though most studies examine these independently, overlooking 24-hour interactions. This study aims to investigate the relationships between physical function (vision, hearing, activity limitations), self-perceived health and the distribution of 24-hour activity behaviors via compositional data analysis. A secondary data analysis was conducted on data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. The analyzed activity behaviors included moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), sedentary behavior (SEB), and sleep duration (SD). Compositional data analysis was employed to account for the inherently interdependent nature of these behaviors. Linear regression models were implemented, designating activity behaviors as the dependent variable and physical function as the independent variable. The results indicated that vision and hearing showed weaker and nonsignificant associations with activity behaviors (Marginal effects from − 0.16 [-0.32,0.01] to 0.11 [-0.18,0.40], p-value from 0.063 to 0.991). Activity limitations significantly influence time allocation to activity behaviors, with no limitations associated with more time in MVPA (marginal effects: 0.16 [0.04, 0.28], p-value = 0.007) and less time in SEB (marginal effects: -0.08 [-0.15, 0.00], p-value = 0.038) and SD (marginal effects: -0.09 [-0.17, -0.02], p-value = 0.009). Self-perceived health are positively associated with MVPA (marginal effects ranging from 0.01 [-0.20, 0.23] to 0.21 [0.00, 0.42], p-value from 0.046 to 0.903) and LPA (-0.07 [-0.19, 0.06] to 0.15 [0.03, 0.27], p-value from 0.014 to 0.758), while inversely associated with SEB (marginal effects ranging from − 0.19 [-0.32, -0.06] to 0.04 [-0.09, 0.18], p-value from 0.003 to 0.525) and SD (marginal effects − 0.17 [-0.29, -0.04] to 0.01 [-0.12, 0.14], p-value from 0.010 to 0.964). Future research should explore longitudinal relationships and develop targeted interventions to improve activity behaviors in this population.
Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals key genetic, metabolic, and microbial drivers in bladder cancer insights into molecular subtyping and therapeutic approaches: A tumor marker prognostic study
Authors: Tan Zhiyong , Chen Xiaorong , Huang Yinglong , Fu Shi , Gong Chen , Lv Dihao , Yang Chadanfeng , Li Haihao , Wang Jiansong , Ding Mingxia , Wang Haifeng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background: Bladder cancer (BLCA) is a common malignancy with significant impact on patient health. The aim of this study was to explore the potential mechanisms of BLCA through a combination of multi-omics and single-cell analyses.
Methods: In this study, samples from BLCA and paracancerous tissues were collected for transcriptome, whole-exome sequencing, metabolome and intratumoural microbiome sequencing. These data were then co-analyzed with publicly available datasets to identify and analyze key genes, metabolites and microbiomes as well as their regulatory mechanisms in the pathogenesis of BLCA. Different BLCA clusters were then identified on the basis of key genes. Differences among the clusters were then investigated in terms of biological pathways, immunological microenvironment, genetic alterations, immunotherapy and drug susceptibility. The prognostic value of the key genes was then analyzed using publicly available data, and their molecular regulatory mechanisms were further investigated. Finally, the expression patterns of the key genes were observed at the single cell level and key cells were identified.
Results: In this paper, three key genes (AHNAK, CSPG4, and NCAM1), 90 key metabolites and two key microorganisms (Sphingomonas koreensis and Rhodospirillaceae) were identified in a multi-omics analysis. Of these, key genes and key metabolites were negatively correlated. The BLCA samples from transcriptome sequencing were then divided into cluster 1 and cluster 2 based on key genes. Single-cell analysis identified nine cell types, with fibroblasts exhibiting the highest expression of key genes, thus establishing fibroblasts as the key cell in this study. Notably, AHNAK expression was higher in fibroblast subtypes.
Conclusion: The combined multi-omics analysis revealed a significant correlation between three key genes (AHNAK, CSPG4, and NCAM1) and multiple key metabolites and key microorganisms, which offering a new reference and theoretical support for the treatment and research of BLCA.
Impact of Functional Feed Additives on Broiler Turkey Growth, Carcass Quality, Immune Response, and Gut Health
Authors: Sulaiman Aminu Shehu , Rano Prof. Nuhu Bello , Abdullahi Hussaini Isma'il , Hussaini Bakari Ado 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study investigated the impact of functional feed additives (dietary supplementation with probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bacillus subtilis) and prebiotics (mannose oligosaccharide and inulin)) on the growth performance, carcass characteristics, immune response, gut morphology, and microbiota in broiler turkeys. A total of 135 broiler turkeys were randomly assigned to three groups: a control group (G1) with no supplementation, a probiotic-supplemented group (G2), and a prebiotic-supplemented group (G3). The birds were fed these diets for 70 days Results showed that probiotics significantly improved body weight gain, feed intake, and white blood cell count (p < 0.05), while prebiotics enhanced gut morphology and nutrient absorption. Both treatments resulted in higher villus height and Lactobacillus spp. counts, contributing to improved gut health. No significant differences were observed in feed conversion ratio, carcass yield, or E. coli counts. The findings suggest that dietary supplementation with probiotics and prebiotics positively affects turkey growth performance, immune function, and gut health, with probiotics showing the most pronounced impact on body weight gain and immune response. The inclusion of these functional additives enhances turkey production efficiency without compromising carcass quality. Thus, probiotics and prebiotics supplementation can be a valuable strategy to optimize broiler turkey performance and health.
Amide Derivative of Arjunolic Acid TA-1,4-BiP Enhances ROSmediated Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Bhujel Manohar , Kaloniya Shalu , Jain Dolly , Sripada Lakshminath , Bajaj Avinash , Rao Golakoti Nageswara 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Arjunolic acid, a well-known natural product with various
medicinal properties, was isolated from the heartwood of Terminalia arjuna. Various
amides of arjunolic acid were synthesized using different aryl and cyclic amines, characterized,
and evaluated for their anti-cancer activities at the National Cancer Institute (NCI).

Method:
All the derivatives were active against all the cell lines of NCI compared to the
parent molecule arjunolic acid. Eight compounds were selected for dose-dependent activity
based on the preliminary results. IC50 of selected eight compounds was evaluated.
Based on IC50 values against various cell lines, compound 2l was further investigated to
understand the mechanism of action against HCT-116 and CT-26 colon cancer cell
lines.

Result:
Mechanistic studies of compound 2l in these two cell lines demonstrated that
compound 2l arrested the colon cancer cells at the G/G1 phase. Compound 2l-treated
cells were also found to have an increased percentage of ROS compared to untreated
cells. It induced apoptosis in both these cell lines.

Conclusion:
Compound 2l was found to inhibit cancer growth in the mice model and
was very effective against all the cancer cell lines. Therefore, it could be used for further
development to treat colon cancer.
PGD2/PTGDR2 Signaling Affects the Stemness of Gastric Cancer Stem Cells by Regulating Autophagy
Authors: Wang Feifan , Tian Hengjin , Gao Peiyao , Cha Zhanshan , Zhang Qiang 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) can inhibit the development of gastric cancer
(GC); however, its role in the autophagic death of GC stem cells (GCSCs) remains elusive.
Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the mechanisms by which PGD2 regulates the stemness in
GCSCs.

Methods:
In this study, HGC27-derived GCSCs were employed to knock down PGD2 receptor
2 (PTGDR2). Subsequently, cell stemness and autophagic activity in these GCSCs were assessed
via sphere-forming capacity, transmission electron microscopy, and western blot analyses.

Results:
The results revealed that PGD2 suppressed the stemness of GCSCs and induced GCSCs
autophagy, whereas the downregulation of PTGDR2 had the opposite effect. Furthermore,
PGD2 was also found to inhibit the expression of stemness-associated proteins CD44 and
OCT4, which were blocked by 3-MA and enhanced by RAPA. Moreover, the shPTGDR2 +
PGD2 group indicated higher stemness than the PGD2 group, with 3-MA enhancing this effect
and RAPA reducing this change.

Conclusion:
In summary, this study indicated that PGD2/PTGDR2 signaling affects stemness
and autophagy in GCSCs. The results suggest that PGD2/PTGDR2 signaling may affect the
stemness of GCSCs by regulating autophagy.
Pre-hospital Identification of a Giant Bladder Calculus through Screening Sonography: A Case Report
Authors: Miravent Sergio , Gomes Carla , Simaozinho Paula , Vaz Bruna , lobo Manuel Duarte , de Almeida Rui Pedro 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Screening ultrasound proves to be remarkably beneficial in pre-hospital settings, particularly in geographically remote areas with technological
constraints and no medical specialties. Urological pathology has a high frequency of occurrence in the emergency department and is part of the
wide range of occurrences that can benefit from this ultrasound screening as a clinical guide for patients.

Case Presentation:
In this case, a patient experiencing lower abdominal pain and symptoms of renal colic sought assistance at a basic emergency service facility.
Utilizing a renal screening ultrasound executed by a sonographer, the clinical team identified images indicative of a significant bladder calculus.
Subsequently, the patient was referred to a referral hospital for a comprehensive evaluation by medical specialties.

Conclusion:
The images obtained in both health units exhibited congruence, indicating that the screening ultrasound, while not intended to replace the
specialized orthodox ultrasound executed by a radiologist, served as a crucial tool for diagnostic presumption, providing consistency in clinical
decision-making for referring patients. This capability allowed emergency physicians to promptly transfer a patient requiring urgent further
investigation to a referral hospital with compelling and substantiated data. This shift in the approach to patient triage in a remote setting could
enhance patient safety.