bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive factors for the outcome of radioiodine therapy in patients with benign thyroid diseases
Authors: Wedel Florian , Exarchopoulos Thomas , Brenner Winfried 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose Radioiodine therapy (RIT) of benign thyroid diseases is an established therapy. This study aimed to identify factors predictive for outcome in patients with non-toxic goiter (NTG), unifocal (UFA), multifocal (MUFA) or diffuse autonomy (DISA) and Graves’ disease (GD).
Methods Retrospective analysis of 205 patients with benign thyroid disease (54 NTG, 46 MUFA, 24 DISA, 26 UFA, 55 GD) who underwent RIT. Follow up time was 12 months for determining treatment outcome.
Results The type of disease was predictive for volume reduction after 12 months (NTS 66%, DISA 67%, MUFA 58%, UFA 51%, GD 71%, p<0.001) and post-treatment hypothyroidism (NTS 48%, DISA 33%, MUFA 15%, UFA 15%, p=0.006). Initial volume, intra-therapeutic uptake and intra-therapeutic half-life were independent prognostic factors for volume reduction 12 months after RIT. In patients with NTG, UFA, MUFA, DISA post-treatment hypothyroidism was significantly correlated with extent of volume reduction 12 months after RIT, achieved dose, higher pre-therapeutic TSH values and younger age. Two different strategies for pre-therapeutic dosimetry used in MUFA showed no differences regarding the therapeutic outcome. In GD, effective half-life, initial volume and Graves’ ophthalmopathy were predictive for treatment failure.
Conclusion Reduction of thyroid volume and the percentage of hypothyroid patients one year after RIT was primarily dependent on the type of disease. In MUFA and DISA we could identify volume reduction after 3 months as a reliable predictor for hypothyroidism while in patients with GD a short intra-therapeutic half-life, a large pre-therapeutic volume and active Graves’ ophtalmopathy were relevant predictors for treatment failure suggesting an intensified follow-up scheme in these patients.
The Role of FDG- PET/CT in Detecting Bone Marrow Involvement in Childhood Solid Tumors
Authors: Arslantaş Esra , Ayçiçek Ali , Esen Akkas Burcu , Tahtakesen Güçer Tuba Nur , Okur Acar Sultan , Özkan Karagenc Ayse , Akpınar Tekgündüz Sibel , Bayram Cengiz 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose To compare the results of 18F-Fluorodeoxy positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18 F-FDG-PET/CT) and bone marrow biopsy (BMB) procedures in the initial evaluation of bone marrow involvement (BMI) in pediatric solid tumors.
Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of newly diagnosed pediatric cases with lymphoma, neuroblastoma, Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma. Each case underwent both PET-CT imaging and BMB. Presence of tumor infiltration in BMB specimens and/or positive FDG-PET/CT findings indicate as BMI were regarded as true positive results.
Results Sixty-four patients were included in the study. BMI was detected in 23/64 (36%) patients, FDG-PET/CT imaging and BMB results were concordant in 54/64 patients. In 9/64 patients the finding was FDG-PET/CT (+), BMB (-) indicating a false negative BMB result. In only 1/64 patients FDG- PET/CT (-), BMB (+), indicating a false negative FDG-PET/CT result. In the whole patient group, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of PET/CT and BMB in detecting bone marrow involvement were 95.6%, 100%, 100% and 97.6% and 60.8 %, 100%, 100% and 82%, respectively.
Conclusion PET/CT has a high sensitivity and specificity for the assessing marrow involvement in pediatric solid tumors. We believe that PET/CT imaging should be performed as the first step in diagnostic staging, and BMB may not be necessary in every patient, only in patients with suspicious PET/CT results for bone marrow involvement. Additionally, for a more precise determination of bone marrow involvement, it is reasonable to perform BMB from FDG-retaining areas, using PET/CT as a guide tool.
Linked-color imaging with or without artificial intelligence for adenoma detection: a randomized trial
Authors: Miyaguchi Kazuya , Tsuzuki Yoshikazu , Hirooka Nobutaka , Matsumoto Hisashi , Ohgo Hideki , Nakamoto Hidetomo , Imaeda Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Adenoma detection rate (ADR) is an important indicator of colonoscopy quality and colorectal cancer incidence. Both linked-color imaging (LCI) with artificial intelligence (LCA) and LCI alone increase adenoma detection during colonoscopy, although it remains unclear whether one modality is superior. This study compared ADR between LCA and LCI alone, including according to endoscopists’ experience (experts and trainees) and polyp size.
Methods Patients undergoing colonoscopy for positive fecal immunochemical tests, follow-up of colon polyps, and abdominal symptoms at a single institution were randomly assigned to the LCA or LCI group. ADR, adenoma per colonoscopy (APC), cecal intubation time, withdrawal time, number of adenomas per location, and adenoma size were compared.
Results The LCA (n=400) and LCI (n=400) groups showed comparable cecal intubation and withdrawal times. The LCA group showed a significantly higher ADR (58.8% vs. 43.5%; P<0.001) and mean (95%CI) APC (1.31 [1.15 to 1.47] vs. 0.94 [0.80 to 1.07]; P<0.001), particularly in the ascending colon (0.30 [0.24 to 0.36] vs. 0.20 [0.15 to 0.25]; P=0.02). Total number of nonpolypoid-type adenomas was also significantly higher in the LCA group (0.15 [0.09 to 0.20] vs. 0.08 [0.05 to 0.10]; P=0.02). Small polyps (≤5, 6–9mm) were detected significantly more frequently in the LCA group (0.75 [0.64 to 0.86] vs. 0.48 [0.40 to 0.57], P<0.001 and 0.34 [0.26 to 0.41] vs. 0.24 [0.18 to 0.29], P=0.04, respectively). In both groups, ADR was not significantly different between experts and trainees.
Conclusions LCA was significantly superior to LCI alone in terms of ADR.
DNMT3A/TET2/ASXL1 Mutations are an Age-independent Thrombotic Risk Factor in Polycythemia Vera Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Segura-Díaz Adrián , Stuckey Ruth , Florido Yanira , Sobas Marta , Álvarez-Larrán Alberto , Ferrer-Marín Francisca , Pérez-Encinas Manuel , Carreño-Tarragona Gonzalo , Fox María L. , Tazón Vega Barbara , Cuevas Beatriz , López Rodríguez Juan F. , Sánchez-Farías Nuria , González-Martín Jesús M. , Gómez-Casares María T. , Bilbao-Sieyro Cristina ,   on behalf of the Spanish MPN Group (GEMFIN)
Published: January 2024

Background Polycythemia vera (PV) patients are classified as high or low thrombotic risk based on age and prior history of thrombosis. Despite adherence to treatment recommendations, vascular events remain frequent, leading us to question whether thrombotic risk stratification could be improved. We previously reported an association between thrombotic events and mutations in DTA genes (DNMT3A, TET2, and ASXL1). The objective of this study was to confirm this observation in a larger series of PV patients.
Methods PV patients with a minimum follow-up of 3 years were recruited from 8 European centers. Medical history was searched for thrombotic event recorded at any time and next-generation sequencing carried out with a myeloid panel. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated the impact of variables on thrombotic risk. Kaplan–Meier thrombosis-free survival curves were compared by the log rank test. Associations in the total cohort were confirmed in a case–control study to exclude selection bias.
Results Of the 136 patients recruited, 74 (56.1%) had a thrombotic event, with an incidence density of 2.83/100 person-years. In multivariable analysis, DTA mutation was a risk factor for thrombotic event, being predictive for shorter thrombosis-free survival in the whole cohort (p = 0.007), as well as in low-risk patients (p = 0.039) and older patients (p = 0.009), but not for patients with a prediagnostic event. A gender- and age-matched case–control study confirmed the increased risk of thrombotic event for PV patients with a DTA mutation.
Conclusion Our results support the use of molecular testing at diagnosis to help predict which PV patients are at higher risk of developing thrombosis.
Implicit Bias and Health Disparities Education in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Dyess Nicolle Fernández , Carr Cara Beth , Mavis Stephanie C. , Caruso Catherine G. , Izatt Susan , French Heather , Dadiz Rita , Bonachea Elizabeth M. , Gray Megan M. 
Published: January 2024

Objective This study aimed to characterize implicit bias (IB) and health disparities (HD) education in neonatal–perinatal medicine (NPM), including current educational opportunities, resources, and barriers.
Study Design A national web-based survey was sent to NPM fellows, neonatologists, and frontline providers after iterative review by education experts from the National Neonatology Curriculum Committee. Quantitative data were analyzed with chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. Qualitative data were evaluated using thematic analysis.
Results Of the 452 NPM survey respondents, most desired additional IB (76%) and HD (83%) education. A greater proportion of neonatologists than fellows received IB (83 vs. 57%) and HD (87 vs. 74%) education. Only 41% of neonatologists reported that their institution requires IB training. A greater proportion of fellows than neonatologists expressed dissatisfaction with the current approaches for IB (51 vs. 25%, p < 0.001) and HD (43 vs. 25%, p = 0.015) education. The leading drivers of dissatisfaction included insufficient time spent on the topics, lack of specificity to NPM, inadequate curricular scope or depth, and lack of local educator expertise. A minority of faculty who were tasked to educate others have received specific educator training on IB (21%) and HD (16%). Thematic analysis of survey free-text responses identified three main themes on the facilitators and barriers to successful IB and HD education: individual, environmental, and curricular design variables.
Conclusion NPM trainees and neonatologists desire tailored, active, and expert-guided IB and HD education. Identified barriers are important to address in developing an effective IB/HD curriculum for the NPM community.
Key Points
Effect of an E-learning resource on endoscopists’ proximal serrated polyp detection rate: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: van Toledo David E. F. W. M. , IJspeert Joep E. G. , Bleijenberg Arne G. C. , Depla Anne , Montazeri Nahid S. M. , Dekker Evelien 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Recent studies demonstrated that a higher proximal serrated polyp detection rate (PSPDR) among endoscopists is associated with a lower risk of post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer (PCCRC) incidence and death for their patients. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of an e-learning resource on PSPDR.
Methods We performed a multicenter randomized controlled trial within the Dutch fecal immunochemical test-based colorectal cancer screening program. Endoscopists were randomized using block randomization per center to either receive a 60-minute e-learning resource on serrated polyp detection or not. PSPDR was calculated based on all colonoscopies performed during a 27-month pre-intervention and a 17-month post-intervention period. The primary end point was difference in PSPDR between intervention and control arms (intention to treat) using mixed effect logistic regression modeling, with time (pre-intervention/post-intervention) and interaction between time and arm (intervention/control) as fixed effects, and endoscopists as random effects.
Results 116 endoscopists (57 intervention, 59 controls) were included, and performed 27494 and 33888 colonoscopies, respectively. Median PSPDR pre-intervention was 13.6% (95%CI 13.0–14.1) in the intervention arm and 13.8% (95%CI 13.3–14.3) in controls. Post-intervention PSPDR was significantly higher over time in the intervention arm than in controls (17.1% vs. 15.4%, P=0.01).
Conclusion In an era of increased awareness and increasing PSPDRs, endoscopists who undertook a one-time e-learning course significantly accelerated the increase in PSPDR compared with endoscopists who did not undertake the e-learning. Widespread implementation might reduce PCCRC incidence.
Recent Advances in the Multicomponent Synthesis of Heterocycles Using 5-Aminotetrazole
Authors: Javahershenas Ramin , Makarem Ata , Mei Haibo , Koley Manankar , Soloshonok Vadim A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe unique reactivity and beneficial features of the 5-aminotetrazole synthon (1H-tetrazol-5-amine) have made it a versatile and effective building block in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. In addition, several drugs containing this scaffold with a wide array of biological properties have been already introduced. Heterocyclic structures are the backbone of many biologically active and industrially important compounds. 5-Aminotetrazole is one of the favored synthons used in the preparation of heterocycle-bearing compounds, especially in multicomponent synthesis. This review highlights a comprehensive overview of the emerging applications of 5-aminotetrazole as a key component in the synthesis of heterocyclic frameworks through multicomponent reactions, reported between 2017 and July 2023.1	Introduction2	5-Aminotetrazole3	Tetrazolopyrimidine Compounds4	Spiro Compounds5	Miscellaneous6	Conclusion
Low-carbon transition and energy poverty: quasi-natural experiment evidence from China’s low-carbon city pilot policy
Authors: Xiao Yiming , Feng Zhijun , Li Xinying , Wang Shangrui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLow-carbon transition stands as a vital strategy for the global community to address the challenge of climate change, inevitably affecting residents’ daily lives. However, there is a notable gap in the quantitative analysis of the low-carbon transition’s impact on energy poverty in developing countries, limiting policymakers’ understanding of the inherent mechanism and their ability to take informed actions. This study investigates the low-carbon city pilot (LCCP) policy, China’s key low-carbon initiative, as a quasi-natural experiment, using the difference-in-differences (DID) method to examine its impact on residents’ energy poverty conditions. Utilizing panel data from 4807 households in the CHARLS dataset, this study effectively integrated household-level and city-level data. Benchmark regression indicates that the LCCP policy exacerbates energy poverty among residents. Further analysis reveals the pivotal role of energy infrastructure and expenditure in bridging the nexus between the LCCP policy and energy poverty, providing crucial insights into the potential pathways through which this policy impacts energy poverty. Additionally, heterogeneity analysis indicates that the impacts of LCCP policy are more pronounced in eastern cities, non-resource cities, and high administrative-level cities, as well as in the communities suffering from subpar governance quality. By leveraging reliable survey data and robust quantitative methods, this study not only broadens the methodology of energy poverty studies but also offers valuable insights for developing countries to safeguard residents’ energy welfare amid low-carbon transitions.
Stakeholders’ perspective on collaboration barriers in low-income housing provision: a case study from pakistan
Authors: Malik Sana , Nurunnabi Mohammad 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe prevailing housing situation in Pakistan is alarming, as more than 47% of urban households are estimated to be living in squatters. Housing stakeholders require an enabling environment to collaborate to reduce the drastic inequity with too many housing options for the high-income and too few for the low-income groups. Existing literature reveals that Pakistan lacks stakeholder studies with a collaborative focus on providing low-income housing in urban areas. This study explores the barriers and impediments to stakeholder collaborations in the low-income housing sector through in-depth interviews within the urban setting of Lahore, the capital and the most populous city of the biggest province, Punjab, Pakistan. The findings identify the emergence of five cross-cutting collaboration challenges (GLIPP), placing government capacity, institutional complexity, and political willpower & intervention as dominant ones. This study stresses revising the organizational hierarchy of government institutions to develop a collaborative culture in the Pakistani housing sector. As part of practical implications, this paper would agitate policymakers to develop housing policies and programs for low-income groups.
Bottom-to-top modeling of epoxy resins: From atomic models to mesoscale fracture mechanisms
Authors: Konrad Julian , Zahn Dirk 
Published: January 2024

We outline a coarse-grained model of epoxy resins (bisphenol-F-diglycidyl-ether/3,5-diethyltoluene-2,4-diamine) to describe elastic and plastic deformation, cavitation, and fracture at the μm scale. For this, molecular scale simulation data collected from quantum and molecular mechanics studies are coarsened into an effective interaction potential featuring a single type of beads that mimic 100 nm scale building blocks of the material. Our model allows bridging the time–length scale problem toward experimental tensile testing, thus effectively reproducing the deformation and fracture characteristics observed for strain rates of 10−1 to 10−5 s−1. This paves the way to analyzing viscoelastic deformation, plastic behavior, and yielding characteristics by means of “post-atomistic” simulation models that retain the molecular mechanics of the underlying epoxy resin at length scales of 0.1–10 µm.
Translating what the image conveys or what it arouses?
Authors: Lautenbacher Olli Philippe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
An ideal strongly anchored in the realm of translation is that of “translating without additions or
modifications.” However, with multimodal texts, one is confronted with the problem posed by the image, its reading, and its
interpretation. This article aims to better delineate the interpretative threshold between the global meaning that a still image
might convey in and of itself, on the one hand, and the more personal interpretations that this image can arouse in its receiver
(including the translator) on the other. In passing, the article also aims to suggest new ways of sensitizing translation students
to the existence of such a threshold. The principle, based on Sperber and Wilson’s relevance theory and its strong vs. weak
implicature continuum, is that the visual and compositional cues of the image, their relative salience, and their eventual
semantic convergence, combined with contextual factors in the initial production of the visual document, would constitute the
fundamental semiotic data to be considered in the translation process. Conversely, any projection of meaning external to the
image, and emanating from the translator-interpreter himself, would have to be treated with more circumspection within that
process, since it would amount to recontextualizing the original visual message by coloring it with a particular meaning, in other
words modifying it through added meanings. The corpus used for the observations consists of analyses of a photographic image made
by MA-level students in Translation Studies.
Lost in translation
Authors: Fehn Anne-Maria , Rocha Jorge 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Here, we provide new perspectives on the relationship between the extinct Angolan language Kwadi and the Khoe
languages of southern Africa. Using an innovative approach which combines newly collected data from two Kwadi rememberers with a
reanalysis of historical recordings and fieldnotes, we were able to reconstitute the Kwadi phoneme inventory and relate Kwadi to
Proto-Khoe and its daughter branches Khoekhoe and Kalahari Khoe through regular sound correspondences. Our reconstruction of 127
lexical roots in form and meaning provides further evidence for a Khoe-Kwadi language family and shows that the lexical and
phonological proximity between Proto-Khoe-Kwadi and Proto-Khoe is closer than would be expected from the significant differences
that Khoe and Kwadi display in the domains of morphology and syntax. Taken together, our study contributes to a better
understanding of diachronic sound change in languages with phonemic click sounds and introduces novel ways to incorporate
different historical data sources.
Missionary linguistics in the East Indies in the seventeenth century
Authors: Joby Christopher 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there has been increased academic interest in missionary linguistics. However, whereas much has been written on Spanish missionary linguistics, above all in the Americas, relatively little has been published on Dutch missionary linguistics. This article aims to address this situation by analyzing the texts written in Malay by Dutch missionary linguists in the seventeenth century in the East Indies, now Indonesia. It begins by providing an account of the history of the Malay language, focusing above all on the influence of other languages including Sanskrit, Arabic, and Portuguese on the Malay lexicon. It then describes the activities of the Dutch East India Company in the Indonesian archipelago. After providing a comprehensive account of the texts that the Dutch missionary linguists wrote in Malay, the article analyzes the linguistic strategies that they employed as they attempted to overcome the gap between their language and culture and the Malay language and the culture in which it was embedded. It does so using a fourfold typology: loanwords, loan translations or calques; periphrasis and conceptual transfer. The picture that emerges is that authors made extensive use of all four strategies to communicate the Christian Gospel in Malay. One interesting result is that Dutch missionary linguistics used very few Dutch loanwords in their Malay texts. The article analyzes possible reasons for this.
The construction of Hong Kong’s “one country, two systems” in China Daily
Authors: Deng Jiange , Lin Zhongxuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
“One country, two systems” (OCTS) is the constitutional principle that established Hong Kong’s high degree of
autonomy after the city’s handover from Britain to China in 1997. This study conducts the first systemic, diachronic analysis of
the discursive construction of OCTS in Chinese news media, focusing on Beijing’s mouthpiece and public diplomacy newspaper,
China Daily. After reviewing the tripartite representation of the principle in the literature, we identify a
refocus from the economic to the legal-political aspect of OCTS and an increasing emphasis on the socio-cultural dimension of OCTS
in China Daily’s news discourses from 1997 to 2020. These patterns indicated OCTS’s changing status from a ‘legitimating ideology’
to a political principle struggling to be ‘legitimate’ in Beijing’s political discourses. Despite disputes about OCTS, we
anticipate that Beijing and Hong Kong’s opposition will continue to abide by this principle in their future interactions.
Political homophobia
Authors: Schäfer Saskia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article comparatively analyses the rise of anti-LGBT rhetoric in Indonesia and Turkey in the 2010s and early
2020s. In both countries, periods of greater public visibility of LGBTQ+ people in the early 2000s were followed by waves of
severe anti-LGBT rhetoric, violence, and legal measures. This analysis focusses on the rhetoric that conservative state and
non-state actors use to other non-heteronormative people and to exclude them from the nation or “the people”. My main argument is
that state and non-state actors conduct othering of LGBTQ+ people and construct them as dangerous threats to the nation and to the
structure of the family. The anti-LGBT narratives are integrated into larger conspiracy narratives of foreign powers undermining
the nation.