bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of gestational weight gain with birth weight outcomes in early pregnancy weight loss women: Findings from the Beijing Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Ma Kaiwen , Zheng Wei , Yuan Xianxian , Zhang Puyang , Xu Lili , Han Weiling , Huang Junhua , Yan Xin , Zhang lirui , Yang Ruihua , Chen Tengda , Zhang Yujie , Li Guanghui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the relationship between gestational weight gain (GWG) and birth weight outcomes and establish suggested GWG patterns in early pregnancy weight loss women.MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted based on the Beijing Birth Cohort Study from 2014 to 2021 and included 20 688 women. Weight change in early pregnancy was calculated using weight measurements within 16 weeks of gestation. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the relationships of different GWG categories, based on the Chinese standard, and birth weight outcomes. The statistical‐based approach was used to determine the optimal GWG ranges and weekly weight gain.ResultsCompared to 3313 women who gained appropriate weight in early pregnancy, 2614 women who lost weight in the same period increased the risk of small for gestational age (SGA) (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.14–1.80, P = 0.002). However, the relationship disappeared after adjusting for total GWG. Among the early pregnancy weight loss women, both excessive GWG and inadequate GWG were associated with adverse birth weight outcomes after adjusting for confounders. The suggested GWG range and rate were 11.0 ~ 16.0 kg and 0.46 to 0.67 kg/week from 16 weeks to delivery for women with normal body mass index (BMI) and weight loss in early pregnancy.ConclusionWeight loss in early pregnancy was not the independent risk factor of birth weight outcomes. GWG may offset the expected effects. To achieve optimal outcomes, women with normal BMI and weight loss in early pregnancy need to have a higher weight gain rate in mid‐late pregnancy but similar total GWG ranges with the Chinese standard for general women.
Costs associated with exit or disposal activities: A topic modeling investigation of disclosure and market reaction
Authors: Cullinan Charles P. , Holowczak Richard , Louton David , Saraoglu Hakan 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThe Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) mandates disclosure of exit or disposal activity events in 8‐K filings. We use Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), a topic modeling method from computational linguistics, to investigate the possibility that substantively different event types may be subsumed under Item 2.05, the SEC category for costs associated with exit or disposal activities. Our analysis reveals that four distinct topics are reported under the Item 2.05 umbrella category: (1) restructuring, (2) disposal of a line of business, (3) plant closings, and (4) layoffs/workforce reductions. We then investigate various aspects of these 8‐K filings. We find that the market reacts most negatively to workforce reductions that are reported in the absence of a broader strategic initiative. Subsequent amendments to the Item 2.05 8‐K filings are significantly more likely for restructuring initiatives, and significantly less likely for layoffs. Asset impairment charges most frequently accompany line‐of‐business disposals and plant closings. Our results demonstrate that there are meaningful differences between the event types reported within Item 2.05 filings and that LDA provides a useful means of differentiating among these event types.
Morphology of the small and large intestines of the six‐banded armadillo (Euphractus sexcinctus) Linnaeus, 1758
Authors: Fonseca Clarisse Maria Barbosa , Farias Ingrid dos Santos , Araújo João Victor Silva , Viana Rita de Cássia , da Silva Andrezza Braga Soares , Cavalcante Maria Michele Araújo de Sousa , Conde Júnior Airton Mendes 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEuphractus sexcinctus has a diverse diet, so it needs anatomical and habitual features to help it get its meals. Therefore, the objective is to study the morphology of the small and large intestines of the six‐banded armadillo (E. sexcinctus). The research was authorized and approved under number 136/16. Six animals, obtained from victims of predatory hunting, were dissected for the research. For the anatomical analysis, the specimens were dissected and photographed. The fragments of each organ were submitted to histological routine to obtain slides stained with hematoxylin–eosin, toluidine blue and Masson's trichrome for further analysis. The small intestine has three parts: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Histologically, it has the typical four layers of tubular organs. The mucosa is covered by simple cylindrical epithelium with the presence of specializations in the form of microvilli and variation in the number of goblet cells, depending on the portion observed. In the duodenal portion, the presence of the serous layer was not observed. In the jejunal portion, it is possible to observe lymphoid tissue aggregates in the submucosa, which become more evident in the ileum. The large intestine is divided into cecum, colon, and rectum and has the same histological subdivisions as the small intestine, but with some specializations. The presence of simple cylindrical intestinal crypts is clearly observed and the presence of a large number of goblet cells, which increase as it approaches the rectum. In the submucosa of the large intestine, the presence of organized lymphoid plaques is detected.Research Highlights
The presence of large numbers of goblet cells, which increase as one approaches the rectum.
The presence of organized lymphoid plaques is detected.
The duodenal portion was not observed presence of the serous layer.
Ramsay Hunt syndrome and concurrent varicella‐zoster virus meningitis in Denmark: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Petersen Pelle T. , Bodilsen Jacob , Jepsen Micha P. G. , Larsen Lykke , Storgaard Merete , Helweg‐Larsen Jannik , Wiese Lothar , Hansen Birgitte R. , Lüttichau Hans R. , Andersen Christian Ø. , Nielsen Henrik , Brandt Christian T. ,   The Danish Study Group of Infections of the Brain (DASGIB)
Published: December 2023

AbstractRamsay Hunt syndrome (RHS) is a manifestation of reactivated varicella‐zoster virus (VZV) from the geniculate ganglion. Data on clinical features and outcomes of patients with RHS and concurrent VZV meningitis (henceforth RHS meningitis) are limited. Thus, we conducted a nationwide population‐based cohort study of all adults hospitalized for RHS meningitis at the departments of infectious diseases in Denmark from 2015 to 2020. Patients with VZV meningitis without cranial nerve palsies were included for comparison. In total, 37 patients with RHS meningitis (mean annual incidence: 1.6/1 000 000 adults) and 162 with VZV meningitis without cranial nerve palsies were included. In RHS meningitis, the median age was 52 years (interquartile range: 35–64), and in addition to peripheral facial nerve palsy (100%), dizziness (46%), and hearing loss (35%) were common symptoms. The triad of headache, neck stiffness, and photophobia/hyperacusis was less common in RHS meningitis than in VZV meningitis without cranial nerve palsies (0/27 [0%] vs. 24/143 [17%]; p = 0.02). At 30 days after discharge, 18/36 (50%) patients with RHS meningitis had persistent peripheral facial nerve palsy, with no statistically significant difference between those treated with and without adjuvant glucocorticoids (6/16 [38%] vs. 12/20 [60%]; p = 0.18). Additional sequelae of RHS meningitis included dizziness (29%), neuralgia (14%), tinnitus/hyperacusis (11%), hearing loss (9%), headache (9%), fatigue (6%), and concentration difficulties (3%). In conclusion, clinical features and outcomes of RHS meningitis were primarily related to cranial neuropathies.
Effect of glycolysis on water holding capacity during postmortem aging of Jersey cattle‐yak meat
Authors: Shi Chaoxue , Wang Linlin , Xu Jin , Li Aixia , Wang Changfeng , Zhu Xijin , Wang Wanlin , Yu Qunli , Han Ling 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDPostmortem muscle moisture loss leads to a decrease in carcass weight and can adversely impact overall meat quality. Therefore, it is critical to investigate water holding capacity (WHC) to enhance meat quality. Current research has primarily focused on examining the correlation between signaling molecules and meat quality in relation to the glycolysis effect on muscle WHC. But there exists a significant knowledge gap regarding the mechanism of WHC in Jersey cattle‐yak meat.RESULTSJersey cattle‐yak meat pH decreased and then increased during postmortem aging. Lactate content, cooking loss, pressing loss, drip loss and centrifuging loss of Jersey cattle‐yak meat increased and then decreased during postmortem aging. The glycogen content of Jersey cattle‐yak meat was significantly higher than that of yak meat at 6–120 h, being 8.40% higher than that of yak meat at 120 h. The activity of key glycolytic enzymes hexokinase (HK), pyruvate kinase (PK), phosphofructokinase (PFK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in Jersey cattle‐yak meat was lower than that in yak meat. Correlation analysis showed that Jersey cattle‐yak meat WHC was positively correlated with the activity of HK, PK, PFK and LDH.CONCLUSIONSThe WHC of Jersey cattle‐yak meat was higher than that of Gannan yak meat, and it was significantly positively correlated with the activity of key enzymes of the glycolytic signaling pathway. Therefore, the glycolysis rate can be reduced by inhibiting enzyme activity to improve Jersey cattle‐yak meat WHC and meat quality. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Current practices and challenges in application of trauma‐informed care for accidentally injured patients: An exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Xia Weiping , Wang Yanbo , Wu Xiaoning , Yang Xiaojie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the Chinese nurses’ current practices and challenges to trauma‐informed care (TIC) for accidentally injured patients, which can provide the way forward of improvement in the future.DesignA qualitative study.MethodsSixteen Chinese nurses who had experience working with accidentally injured patients were invited into the semi‐structured interviews. Following each interview, the dialogue was transcribed verbatim. Subsequently, we analysed the data in accordance with the principles of thematic analysis.ResultsFour common themes emerged from the analysis: (a) Awareness of patients’ psychological trauma; (b) Recognition of psychological trauma; (c) Response to psychological trauma; (d) Perceived barriers to implementing TIC. This research indicated an urgent need for interventions in the future, such as TIC education and training, time constraints, heavy workload, emotional exhaustion and mood self‐regulation, giving policy incentives, strengthening leadership support and internal cooperation. Identifying those factors of TIC practice among accidentally injured patients helps promote TIC development in hospitals.
Predictors of racial differences in weight loss: the PROPEL trial
Authors: Newton Robert L. , Zhang Dachuan , Johnson William D. , Martin Corby K. , Apolzan John W. , Denstel Kara D. , Brantley Phillip J. , Davis Terry C. , Arnold Connie , Sarpong Daniel F. , Price‐Haywood Eboni G. , Lavie Carl J. , Thethi Tina K. , Katzmarzyk Peter T. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveStudies have consistently shown that African American individuals lose less weight in response to behavioral interventions, but the mechanisms leading to this result have been understudied.MethodsData were derived from the PROmoting Successful Weight Loss in Primary CarE in Louisiana (PROPEL) study, which was a cluster‐randomized, two‐arm trial conducted in primary care clinics. In the PROPEL trial, African American individuals lost less weight compared with patients who belonged to other racial groups after 24 months. In the current study, counterfactual mediation analyses among 445 patients in the intervention arm of PROPEL were used to determine which variables mediated the relationship between race and weight loss. The mediators included treatment engagement, psychosocial, and lifestyle factors.ResultsAt 6 months, daily weighing mediated 33% (p = 0.008) of the racial differences in weight loss. At 24 months, session attendance and daily weighing mediated 35% (p = 0.027) and 66% (p = 0.005) of the racial differences in weight loss, respectively. None of the psychosocial or lifestyle variables mediated the race‐weight loss association.ConclusionsStrategies specifically targeting engagement, such as improving session attendance and self‐weighing behaviors, among African American individuals are needed to support more equitable weight losses over extended time periods.
Emergent airway recanalization of the left main bronchus due to obstructive adenoid cystic carcinoma enables achievement of radical resection
Authors: Takahama Makoto 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMalignant airway obstruction is a life‐threatening condition that can cause suffocation and recurrent infections due to lung atelectasis. Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare and slow‐growing tumour of low‐grade malignancy. We report the case of a 69‐year‐old female who presented with severe chest pain, orthopnea, and a 1‐month history of progressively worsening difficulty in breathing. Emergent rigid bronchoscopy revealed a polypoid tumour originating in the proximal end of the left main bronchus that was obstructing the left main bronchus. Debulking of the tumour using rigid bronchoscopy was performed to restore ventilation to collapsed lung and obtain histopathological examination. Histological analysis revealed a diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma. The patient underwent radical sleeve resection of the left main bronchus without sacrificing lung parenchyma via left posterolateral thoracotomy. No postoperative complications or disease recurrence was found at the 5‐year follow‐up. This case emphasizes the pivotal role of rigid bronchoscopic intervention in malignant central airway obstruction.
Self‐Emulsifying Drug Delivery of Khellin for Improving Its Oral Bioavailability
Authors: Shah Raj P. , Wazir Priya , Nandi Utpal , Bharate Sonali S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSelf‐emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) is extensively used for enhancing the solubility, dissolution, and pharmacokinetics of poorly soluble drugs. Khellin is a natural product with multiple pharmacological activities and has inspired the discovery of two first‐in‐class drugs, amiodarone hydrochloride and sodium cromoglycate. The poor‐aqueous solubility is one of the limitations in developing this molecule. Herein, we aimed to improve the drug loading of khellin by developing its SEDDS formulation. A combination of castor oil, tetraethylene glycol, and Transcutol HP (10 : 30 : 60 v/v) was identified, inhibiting the drug‘s precipitation post‐dilution in an aqueous media. The optimized formulation, SB‐16KD, was characterized using 1H NMR, DSC, and FTIR to understand khellin‘s physical/chemical interaction with the formulation excipients. The in vitro dissolution studies of khellin in SB‐16KD correlated well with the oral pharmacokinetics in Wistar rats (1.6 vs. 1.7‐fold). The comparative oral pharmacokinetics of formulation against native khellin was performed at 45 mg/kg in Wistar rats. The results were promising, with 1.7‐fold higher plasma exposure by SEDDS formulation. Hence, the results warrant further developmental studies on SEDDS in dose reduction.
Application of CRISPR/Cas Technology in Biological Nano‐Analysis
Authors: Liu Pingping , Aodeng Gerile , Ga Lu , Ai Jun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCurrently, with the growing global demand for infectious disease diagnostics, environmental testing and food safety, CRISPR‐Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats‐CRISPR associated proteins) system has unlimited potential as one of the emerging technologies in the field of biotechnology. Recent studies have shown that CRISPR‐Cas system has become a powerful weapon for gene editing, disease treatment, molecular diagnosis and imaging. As important biomarkers, various nucleic acid and non‐nucleic acid targets need to be detected from various samples before the situation deteriorates. In addition, there are still some limitations and challenges in the current biosensor platforms based on the CRISPR‐Cas system. Therefore, summarising the strategies, strengths and weaknesses, and development prospects of the CRISPR‐Cas system in nucleic acid and non‐nucleic acid target identification is beneficial to fully explore the potential development directions of CRISPR‐Cas‐based biosensor systems. This review briefly introduces and summarises the classification, mechanisms and applications of the system (diagnostics when combined with some signal detection means). In addition, some of the current limitations, challenges and future prospects for optimisation of biosensor platforms based on this system are discussed.
Chemistry of nanomaterials in Ukraine: per aspera
Authors: Nykyruy Lyubomyr , Andriichuk Yuliia , Tynkevych Olena , Shyliuk Oleg , Khalavka Yuriy 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis review covers major aspects of nanochemistry in Ukraine. It describes current state of the field, lists main contributors and discuss the trends and limitations of its development. Ukraine's nanotechnology can be traced back to the country's rich scientific heritage, which includes a long tradition of excellence in materials science, chemistry, and physics. Despite limited and sporadic financial support, nanochemistry has occupied decent plase in the country scientific agenda. Related courses in the education institution contributed to the formation of the generation of skilled chemists who build their successful career internationally.
Boosting Photovoltaic Output by Dual External Manipulations on 1D Ferroelectric Nanorods Solar Cell: Electric Field and Giant Dielectric Constant Variation
Authors: Fan Dayong , Wu Tiange , Zhang Kun , Yang Zhou , Lu Zhenhuan , Lu Huidan , Liu Yongping 
Published: December 2023

Unlike common photovoltaic (PV) cells whose performance has been anchored, the merits for the cells made of ferroelectric crystals, due to the non‐centrosymmetric structure, provide possibility to further enhance the efficiency by dual external manipulations through increasing the internal electric field strength and the dielectric screening effect, based on anomalous photovoltaic (APV) arisen by the external poling and giant dielectric constant variation through temperature‐controlled ferro‐paraelectric phase transition. In this study, a synergistic effect achieving a 67% improvement in power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the n‐i‐p configuration solar cell by ferroelectric polarization and high dielectricity is observed, taking c‐axis‐aligned single‐crystalline ferroelectric SbSI nanorods as the active layer. The opposite poling effects are revealed leading to asymmetric characteristics in the n‐i‐p configuration. The enhancements of Jsc induced by inherent giant variation imply strong dielectric screening facilities to lower carrier cross section captured by charged defects, uniformly suppressing various recombination mechanisms, understood by the Langevin model. Therefore, solar cells employing n‐i‐p structured ferroelectric thin films as absorbing layers hold promising potential for achieving defect‐tolerance high performance through rational design, external polarization, and dielectric property control.
Beurteilung des Vorspannkraft‐Zeit‐Verhaltens gleitfest vorgespannter Verbindungen in Turmbauwerken für Windenergieanlagen
Authors: Dörre Maik , Glienke Ralf , Wegener Fritz , Henkel Knuth‐Michael 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDie Tragfähigkeit gleitfest vorgespannter Verbindungen hängt neben der Haftreibungszahl maßgeblich von der Vorspannkraft und ihrem Erhalt ab. Für zyklisch beanspruchte Stahltragwerke wie Türme für Windenergieanlagen (WEA) sind wartungsfreie/‐arme Schraubverbindungen von besonderem Interesse. Die Ausführung mechanisch wartungsfreier Verbindungen erfordert zwingend die Kenntnis der über die Lebensdauer der betreffenden Struktur auftretenden Vorspannkraftverluste, da diese bereits bei der Bemessung der Verbindung zu berücksichtigen sind. Im stahlbaulichen Kontext werden die mechanisch gefügten Bauteile aus Korrosionsschutzgründen jedoch oftmals beschichtet. Aus diesem Grund ist anstelle einer analytischen Berechnung häufig eine versuchsgestützte Ermittlung der Verluste notwendig. Umfang und Aufwand entsprechender Versuchskampagnen im Labor oder im Feld können jedoch unter Zuhilfenahme bestehender Erfahrungen entscheidend reduziert werden. Der vorliegende Beitrag thematisiert daher Laboruntersuchungen in Anlehnung an die IEC‐Richtlinie 61400‐6, in denen erstmals systematisch die Sensitivität der Vorspannkraftverluste gegenüber relevanten Einflussgrößen bewertet wurde. Hierbei wurden neben Langzeitsetzversuchen auch Versuche unter schwingender Beanspruchung durchgeführt, die aus für Windenergieanlagen typischen Belastungssituationen abgeleitet wurden.
Flexible Borders, Permeable Territories and the Role of Water Management in Territorial Dynamics in Pre-Hispanic and Early Hispanic Peru
Authors: Prządka-Giersz Patrycja , Giersz Miłosz , Chyla Julia M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Peruvian Andes are well known for its ethnic and highly compressed ecological diversity. Ancient and modern Andean societies faced and continue to face various crises of climatic, social, political, or economic nature. Those crises forced the population to establish different types of inter-group relationships and identities, resulting in vast range of competitive/cooperative behaviors across the varied social and physical landscapes, including warfare, trade, alliance-building, co-residence, and any combinations of these and other practices. Judging by the results of systematic surveys and archaeological excavations run by the authors for the last 20 years, access to water resources has always been a major concern, especially in the vast desert areas on the coast of today's Peru. Using spatial, diachronic, and multidisciplinary approaches and employing fieldwork data from the archaeological sites of the province of Huarmey authors try to better understand the nature and outcome of distinct groups interacting across the varied social and physical landscapes of the desertic coast and highlands and how their different entanglements shaped the geo-political landscape of this area throughout the pre-Hispanic and early Hispanic periods.