bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supported biopsychosocial self-management for back-related leg pain: a randomized feasibility study integrating a whole person perspective
Authors: Leininger Brent , Evans Roni , Greco Carol M. , Hanson Linda , Schulz Craig , Schneider Michael , Connett John , Keefe Francis , Glick Ronald M. , Bronfort Gert 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
There is limited high-quality research examining conservative treatments for back-related leg pain (BRLP). This feasibility study was done in preparation for a full-scale trial comparing a whole-person supported self-management intervention to medical care for chronic BRLP.

Methods
Participants were randomized to 12 weeks of individualized supported self-management delivered by physical therapists and chiropractors or medical care consisting of guideline-based pharmacologic care. Supported self-management was based on a behavioral model that used a whole person approach to enhance participants capabilities, opportunities, and motivations to engage in self-care. It combined BRLP education with psychosocial strategies (e.g., relaxed breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery, communication skills) and physical modalities such as exercise and spinal manipulation therapy. Providers were trained to address participants’ individualized needs and use behavior change and motivational communication techniques to develop a therapeutic alliance to facilitate self-management. Feasibility was assessed using pre-specified targets for recruitment and enrollment, intervention delivery, and data collection over the six-month study period. In addition, areas for potential refinement and optimization of processes and protocols for the full-scale trial were assessed.

Results
We met or exceeded nearly all feasibility targets. Forty-two participants were enrolled over a six-month period in 2022 and very few individuals declined participation due to preferences for one treatment. All but one participant received treatment and 95% of participants attended the minimum number of visits (self-management = 6, medical care = 2). At 12 weeks, 95% of participants in the self-management group reported engaging in self-management practices learned in the program and 77% of medical care participants reported taking medications as prescribed. Satisfaction with the self-management intervention was high with 85% of participants reporting satisfaction with the program overall. Self-management intervention providers delivered all required activities at 72% of visits. Providers also noted some challenges navigating the shared decision-making process and deciding what self-management tools to prioritize. Over the six-month study period, completion rates were 91% for monthly surveys and 86% for weekly surveys.

Conclusion
We were able to demonstrate that a full-scale randomized trial comparing a whole-person supported self-management intervention to medical care for chronic BRLP is feasible and identified important areas for optimization.
The role of natural products targeting macrophage polarization in sepsis-induced lung injury
Authors: Li Yake , Ai Sinan , Li Yuan , Ye Wangyu , Li Rui , Xu Xiaolong , Liu Qingquan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (SALI) is characterized by a dysregulated inflammatory and immune response. As a key component of the innate immune system, macrophages play a vital role in SALI, in which a macrophage phenotype imbalance caused by an increase in M1 macrophages or a decrease in M2 macrophages is common. Despite significant advances in SALI research, effective drug therapies are still lacking. Therefore, the development of new treatments for SALI is urgently needed. An increasing number of studies suggest that natural products (NPs) can alleviate SALI by modulating macrophage polarization through various targets and pathways. This review examines the regulatory mechanisms of macrophage polarization and their involvement in the progression of SALI. It highlights how NPs mitigate macrophage imbalances to alleviate SALI, focusing on key signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT, TLR4/NF-κB, JAK/STAT, IRF, HIF, NRF2, HMGB1, TREM2, PKM2, and exosome-mediated signaling. NPs influencing macrophage polarization are classified into five groups: terpenoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, and others. This work provides valuable insights into the therapeutic potential of NPs in targeting macrophage polarization to treat SALI.

Graphical Abstract
Protocol paper: randomized controlled trial of the smart online-to-offline model development for chronic diseases management through digital health in real world setting
Authors: Shin Jae Eun , Choi Juho , Lee Heejung , Lee Suk-Won , Oh Juhwan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension pose significant health and economic challenges globally, and South Korea is no exception. Innovative digital health services have the potential to revolutionize chronic disease management by providing patients with real-time, personalized care and empowering them to take an active role in their health. There is a critical need to evaluate the effectiveness of such services. This protocol describes a randomized controlled trial that evaluates the effectiveness of an online-to-offline (O2O) digital healthcare service for patients with chronic diseases, specifically diabetes and hypertension, in Pyeongchang-gun.

Methods
This study presents a comprehensive protocol for the assessment of an online-to-offline (O2O) digital health service model aimed at managing chronic diseases. The study consists of two main groups of participants: those with diabetes and those with hypertension. Participants are randomized into treatment and control arms for each group. The intervention includes personalized digital healthcare support, continuous data monitoring, and online education, with primary care provided by healthcare professionals. To evaluate the primary and secondary outcomes—such as HbA1c, systolic blood pressure, and cholesterol levels—the study applies a range of statistical methods. These include intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis to account for all randomized participants, regression models to estimate the treatment effect, and adjustments for baseline covariates to improve precision. Subgroup analyses will explore variations in treatment effects based on factors such as intervention intensity, comorbidity, and healthcare provider.

Discussion
This protocol outlines a novel approach to evaluating the O2O digital health service model for chronic disease management. It offers insights into the nuanced effects of the intervention, highlighting the potential for tailoring future interventions for maximum benefit. By assessing its real-world effectiveness, this study can inform healthcare policies, expand the application scope of O2O service models, and identify additional chronic diseases that can benefit from digital health services. This research bridges the gap between theory and practice, contributing to evidence-based healthcare decision-making and improving patient outcomes in the era of digital health.

Trial registration
This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov of the US National Library of Medicine. The registration number is NCT06150508, and the registered date is 2023–11-29
Molecular prevalence and associated risk factors of Entamoeba spp. in donkeys in Shanxi Province, North China
Authors: Zhang Ze-Dong , Xiao Han-Dan , Wang Dong-Yang , Su Nan , Liu Xun-Zhi , Wang Zi-Rui , Xie Shi-Chen , Zhu Xing-Quan , Zhang Shuo , Gao Wen-Wei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The intestinal protozoa Entamoeba spp. can infect humans and various animals, including donkeys, causing diarrhea and malabsorption and presenting significant risks to animal husbandry and public health. Most Entamoeba species are not pathogenic except for Entamoeba histolytica. China has among the highest rates of donkey farming worldwide. Donkey (Equus asinus) farming is increasingly important in China because of their draft and medicinal value; however, epidemiological data on Entamoeba spp. in donkeys remains limited globally. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Entamoeba in donkeys in Shanxi Province, North China, and assess associated risk factors using a molecular approach.

Methods
Fecal samples of 815 donkeys from three representative geographical locations in Shanxi Province were collected to investigate the presence of Entamoeba spp. A portion of the small-subunit rRNA gene (SSU rRNA) was amplified and sequenced to determine the prevalence and species/genotypes of Entamoeba spp. Statistical analysis of possible risk factors was performed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) 26.0 software. The phylogenetic relationship of Entamoeba spp. was reconstructed using the neighbor-joining (NJ) method in Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (Mega) 7.0 software.

Results
The overall prevalence of Entamoeba spp. in donkeys in Shanxi Province was 7.12% (58/815). Two species (Entamoeba sp. RL9 and Entamoeba equi) were identified by sequence analysis; of these, Entamoeba sp. RL9 was the most prevalent species in donkeys in this study. Statistical analysis revealed that the donkeys' sex, region, age, and altitude are the risk factors associated with Entamoeba spp. prevalence (P < 0.05). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the sequences of Entamoeba sp. RL9 and E. equi isolated from donkeys in this study were clustered with previously reported animal-derived Entamoeba sp. RL9 and E. equi sequences, respectively.

Conclusions
This study reports the occurrence and prevalence of Entamoeba spp. in donkeys worldwide for the first time to our knowledge. This not only expands the geographical distribution but also broadens the host range of Entamoeba spp., addressing the knowledge gap regarding the prevalence of Entamoeba spp. in donkeys, providing baseline data for carrying out prevention and control of Entamoeba spp. in donkeys in China.

Graphical Abstract
Barlow Twins deep neural network for advanced 1D drug–target interaction prediction
Authors: Schuh Maximilian G. , Boldini Davide , Bohne Annkathrin I. , Sieber Stephan A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Accurate prediction of drug–target interactions is critical for advancing drug discovery. By reducing time and cost, machine learning and deep learning can accelerate this laborious discovery process. In a novel approach, BarlowDTI, we utilise the powerful Barlow Twins architecture for feature-extraction while considering the structure of the target protein. Our method achieves state-of-the-art predictive performance against multiple established benchmarks using only one-dimensional input. The use of our hybrid approach of deep learning and gradient boosting machine as the underlying predictor ensures fast and efficient predictions without the need for substantial computational resources. We also propose the use of an influence method to investigate how the model reaches its decision based on individual training samples. By comparing co-crystal structures, we find that BarlowDTI effectively exploits catalytically active and stabilising residues, highlighting the model’s ability to generalise from one-dimensional input data. In addition, we further benchmark new baselines against existing methods. Together, these innovations improve the efficiency and effectiveness of drug–target interactions predictions, providing robust tools for accelerating drug development and deepening the understanding of molecular interactions. Therefore, we provide an easy-to-use web interface that can be freely accessed at https://www.bio.nat.tum.de/oc2/barlowdti.

Scientific contribution
Our computationally efficient and effective hybrid approach, combining the deep learning model Barlow Twins and gradient boosting machines, outperforms state-of-the-art methods across multiple splits and benchmarks using only one-dimensional input. Furthermore, we advance the field by proposing an influence method that elucidates model decision-making, thereby providing deeper insights into molecular interactions and improving the interpretability of drug-target interactions predictions.

Graphical Abstract
Epsin3 promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression via modulating EGFR stability
Authors: Su Huiling , Shen Jie , Gao Chenzi , Zhao Yue , Deng Wanyu , Qin Bo , Zhang Xin , Lai Juan , Wang Qian , Dou Jie , Guo Min 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The abnormal expression and overactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a typical cancer marker for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), are closely related to the tumorigenesis and progression of NSCLC. However, the endocytosis mechanism of EGFR in lung cancer is not yet known. Epsin3 (EPN3), a member of the endocytic adaptor protein family, is essential for the endocytosis of multiple receptors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of EPN3 in modulating EGFR function, its effects on NSCLC progression, and its potential involvement in tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance, which remains a significant hurdle in NSCLC treatment.

Results
Our findings revealed that the expression of EPN3 is significantly up-regulated in NSCLC patients. Elevated EPN3 expression was proportional to shorter overall survival in patients with NSCLC. Functional analyses revealed that EPN3 directly interacts with EGFR, enhancing its recycling to the plasma membrane and preventing its degradation via the lysosomal pathway. This stabilization of EGFR led to sustained downstream signalling, promoting NSCLC cell proliferation and migration. Notably, mutations in the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain, which typically confer resistance to TKIs, did not alter the regulatory effect of EPN3.

Conclusions
EPN3 enhances EGFR signalling by promoting its recycling and stability, contributing to NSCLC progression and TKI resistance. Targeting EPN3 could offer a novel therapeutic strategy to overcome drug resistance in EGFR-driven NSCLC.
Intra-specific variation in mortality of even-aged Cryptomeria japonica (L. f.) D. Don. forests can be explained using relationships among long-term stand characteristics
Authors: Fukumoto Keiko , Nishizono Tomohiro , Kitahara Fumiaki 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Context
Understanding tree mortality is critical for sustainable forest management. Long-term tree mortality may differ depending on the stand development process and can be influenced by forest management regimes. Logistic regression is widely used to explain tree mortality based on site productivity, age, size, and competition. However, the explanatory variables are interrelated. Thus, we attempted to explain long-term Japanese cedar tree mortality by considering interrelated variables.

Aims
The aim of this study was to elucidate the direct and indirect effects of site productivity, age, individual size, and competition on the long-term mortality of Japanese cedars.

Methods
Data were collected from 5130 even-aged Japanese cedar trees over approximately 50 years. We compared each variable between dead and living trees. We then constructed a mortality model using a conventional logistic approach and selected the best model for the stepwise methods. Finally, we applied a piecewise structural equation model (SEM) to identify these variables’ direct and indirect effects. We compared the conventional logistic model and piecewise SEM models and discussed the advantage of applying the SEM models.

Results
Annual mortality was approximately 4% in the most fertile stands, increasing gradually with decreasing site fertility. Dead tree size and competition status differed according to age and site productivity. Competition, individual size, and stand density were selected for the best logistic model (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.74, Brier score = 0.042), whereas age and site productivity were not (p > 0.05). The piecewise SEM results showed that age and site productivity indirectly affected tree mortality through individual size and stand density (Fisher’s C = 4.569, p = 0.102).

Conclusion
Long-term Japanese cedar tree mortality can be explained by individual size and competition as direct influencing factors and age and site productivity as indirect influencing factors. This indicated that hidden factors cannot be explained using the conventional logistic approach. Further studies are required to explore the potential factors contributing to tree mortality thoroughly.
Advancing numerical solutions for a system of singularly perturbed delay differential equations at linear rate
Authors: Joy Dany , S Dinesh Kumar , Rihan Fathalla A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This work introduces a numerical technique designed to efficiently solve a specific type of differential equations known as a weakly coupled system of singularly perturbed delay differential equations. The innovation of this approach stems from its unique integration of three key elements: the Numerov method, known for its accuracy in solving second-order ODEs; a fitting factor, which improves handling of the singular perturbation parameter essential for accurately modeling SPDDEs; and the Taylor series expansion, which approximates first-order derivative terms, facilitating the application of the Numerov method to the system. Numerical experiments are conducted with varying perturbation parameters and mesh sizes to validate the method’s effectiveness. The results, expressed in terms of maximum absolute errors and the rate of convergence, demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves first-order uniform convergence.
The role of IELTS teacher’s metapathy in IELTS candidates’ overall band score, language learning orientation, and active/passive motivation
Authors: Ghaemi Hamed , Kirkpatrick Robert 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study examines the impact of teacher metapathy, or teachers’ capacity to comprehend and sympathize with students’ emotional and cognitive requirements, on the academic outcomes of IELTS applicants, such as total band scores, motivation, and language learning orientation. Ten IELTS teachers from five language training centers and 100 IELTS candidates participated in the mixed methods design. Standardized surveys and official IELTS scores were used to collect quantitative data, and semi-structured interviews were used to acquire qualitative data. The associations between teacher metapathy, student motivation (passive vs. active), learning orientation (integrative vs. instrumental), and band scores were examined using logistic regression, Pearson correlation, chi-square tests, and structural equation modeling (SEM). Thematic analysis was used to explore participants’ perceptions of metapathy in the classroom. Results revealed a significant positive correlation between teacher metapathy and students’ overall IELTS band scores. High levels of teacher metapathy were associated with increased active motivation and integrative learning orientation among students. Additionally, the frequency of teacher-student interaction was found to mediate the relationship between teacher metapathy and students’ motivation levels. Qualitative findings reinforced these results, highlighting the importance of emotional and instructional support in promoting student engagement and success.
Physiochemical performance of electrospun PLA-lignin and PVA-lignin
Authors: Odili C C. , Gbenebour O. P. , Olanrewaju O A , Badaru T O , Adeosun S. O. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are promising biocompatible and biodegradable materials for biomedical uses, yet they have limitations. Similarly, lignin is a precursor for carbon fiber but requires plasticizers to be spun into fibers. This hampers their use in areas like carbon fiber production and tissue engineering, thus the reason for this study. Lignin was extracted from the plantain stem, and a lignin blend with PLA and PVA was made and electrospun into fibers. Thereafter, the physiochemical properties of the composite fibers were analyzed. The XRD spectra revealed increased crystallinity in PLA/Lignin fiber. When 0.75 wt.% of lignin was added to PVA, a new peak and peak shift were formed in the composite fiber, indicating strong interaction. The crystallinity of PVA/lignin decreased from 71.5 to 60.1% when 0.25 wt. % of lignin was added. DSC showed miscibility of polymers and improved melting temperatures from 155 to 228 °C, for PLA/lignin (0.5wt.%) fiber, but a reduction in melting temperatures of PVA, with higher lignin content (149–143 °C). FTIR showed notable functional groups, typical of PLA, PVA, and lignin, such as the OH group between 3800 and 3459 cm−1. The minor peak shift in PLA/lignin showed that the level of molecular interaction is less than that of PVA/lignin. PLA/lignin displayed better fiber morphology compared to PVA/lignin, where fibers became sheet-like with higher lignin content. The addition of lignin improved the tensile strength of PVA (0.7 to 2.7 MPa). Conversely, PLA/lignin’s tensile strength decreased, due to reduced load transfer efficiency. Overall, PVA/lignin and PLA/lignin composites exhibit potential as reinforcement materials for biopolymers and carbon fiber precursors, with PVA showing more promise for carbon fiber production due to robust polymer-lignin interaction.
Chiari malformation with concurrent papilledema: a patient-level meta-analysis of case reports and case series
Authors: Pando Alejandro , Valdivia Daniel J. , Brenner Daniel A. , Alvi Mohammed Ali , Sun Hai , Liu James K. , Goldstein Ira 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Chiari I malformation, characterized by the displacement of cerebellar tonsils, and Chiari 1.5, involving cerebellar tonsils and brainstem displacement, share symptoms with Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension, including headache, paresthesia, vision issues, shoulder/arm pain, diplopia, numbness, and motor weakness. Historically, papilledema marked IIH, but there are reports of papilledema in patients with Chiari I/1.5, leading to uncertainty about the most effective treatment strategies. We aim to address this gap by summarizing all reported cases of Chiari I/1.5 with papilledema.

Methods
Three primary electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS) were screened to identify case reports and case series of patients with Chiari malformation presenting with papilledema. All variables such as year and region of study, age, sex, symptoms, diagnostic information, treatment details, and follow-up duration, were recorded and analyzed. Study quality for each study included was assessed according to four scales: selection, ascertainment, causality, and reporting.

Results
27 patients from 21 studies were included. Symptoms included headache (76.4%), decreased visual acuity (70.8%), and visual field loss (29.2%). 44.4% had lumbar punctures, and 40.7% received medical management. Of those managed medically, 41.7% fully recovered. Notably, none of 21 patients who underwent surgical decompression without improvement had prior lumbar puncture (0% vs. 64.3%, n = 9; p = 0.003) or medical management (0% vs. 57.1%, n = 8; p = 0.011) compared to those with symptom improvement.

Conclusion
Chiari malformation with papilledema exhibits varied symptoms. Medical management should be considered initially, offering standalone effectiveness and potential improvement for subsequent decompression if medication alone does not lead to recovery.