bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Model for Organizational Learning Capability: The Three Building Blocks
Authors: Yeung Arthur K , Ulrich David O , Nason Stephen W , Glinow Mary Ann Von 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the early 1990s, General Motors established a pocket of excellence through its new Saturn division and manufacturing site in Springfield, Tennessee. After years of falling behind Japanese automobile manufacturers like Toyota and Honda, GM rightly decided on an about-face in business strategy. Saturn was conceived, created, and brought on-line to show how new manufacturing techniques—complete with automation, high-performing teams, inventory control, and labor/management cooperation—could transform the company. To some extent, they have. Saturn has exceeded all expectations in terms of sales, productivity, and morale. Employees have become empowered; new technologies have changed how they approach and do work; products have been created faster and with better quality; contracts with dealers limit negotiation of sales price, restricting vendor competition but ultimately making more money for GM. And a sophisticated marketing plan has built strong brand image for Saturn: warm-and-fuzzy cars made by dedicated American workers—driven by nice, regular people-and sold by nice, low-pressure dealers who don’t try to chisel you on the lot.
Identifying Learning Disabilities: Samsung Revisited and Three Health Care Systems
Authors: Yeung Arthur K , Ulrich David O , Nason Stephen W , Glinow Mary Ann Von 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It’s no accident that most organizations learn poorly. As Chris Argyris and many other theorists have pointed out, the ways organizations are designed and managed, the definitions of people’s jobs, and—most important—the manner in which we have all been taught to think and interact inevitably create fundamental learning disabilities. The last two chapters have emphasized that successful organizational learning involves an ability to generate and generalize ideas with impact—recall our expression for learning capability, g × g. Yet as any manager who has participated in learning initiatives can attest, problems soon arise that interfere with idea generation, idea generalization, or both; they may even prevent the firm from becoming a learning organization, no matter how committed the CEO, line managers, or HR staff are. These learning disabilities are generally poorly understood and hard to diagnose from within the firm, a frustrating situation for all concerned. That’s why we believe that identifying learning disabilities is the third essential building block for creating a learning organization.
The Rehnquist Court and the Constitution
Authors: Yarbrough Tinsley E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In The Rehnquist Court and the Constitution, Tinsley Yarbrough provides a comprehensive look at today’s Supreme Court Justices and their record--a study all the more valuable for the Court’s mixed decisions and hard-to-categorize course. An accomplished biographer, Yarbrough offers incisive portraits of the nine who now sit on the high bench, and tellingly reviews their nomination hearings. He also explores the workings of the Court, ranging from the selection and role of the clerks to the work load (including the end-of-term “June crunch”) and assignment of opinions. But the heart of the book is a systematic exploration of the Court’s record in such fields as government power, economic regulation, and criminal justice. In decision after decision, the author discusses the various justices’ opinions, arguments, and legal theories; he also offers his own analysis (including a sharp critique of the decision to allow the Paula Jones lawsuit to move forward). Like many writers on the Rehnquist Court, Yarbrough finds a general continuity with the past, shaded by a conservative outlook (especially in matters of criminal justice and affirmative action), but he identifies a significant departure in its rulings on economic regulation. Since 1937, he writes, the Supreme Court had generally adopted an expansive view of federal power over economic matters; the Rehnquist Court has reversed that trend. The Rehnquist Court has not launched an all-out assault on the Warren Court’s precedents, as many conservatives hoped, but as Yarbrough shows it has embarked on important new departures. Thoughtful, wide-ranging, intelligently written, this book will stand as the finest study of the Rehnquist Court for years to come.
Criminal Justice
Authors: Yarbrough Tinsley E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Supreme Court’s docket of criminal justice cases given full review, like its docket of cases accepted for review in general, has declined considerably since Chief Justice Rehnquist’s move to the Court’s center seat. Even so, the Court has produced a remarkably wide-ranging array of decisions dealing with the rights of suspects and defendants in criminal cases. In one of several rare cases construing the Constitution’s ban on expost facto laws, a unanimous Court in 1987 struck down application of a state’s revised sentencing guidelines to a defendant whose crimes occurred before their effective date.
Economics of The Law
Authors: Miceli Thomas J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Over the past two decades, the field of law and economics has matured to the point where scholars have employed the latest economic methods in an effort to understand the nature of legal rules and to guide legal reform. This book is the first to provide a broad survey of this scholarship as it has been applied to problems in torts, contracts, property, and litigation. It will therefore serve as a convenient reference guide to this exciting field.
The Economics of Tort Law
Authors: Miceli Thomas J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
From an economic perspective, tort law is concerned with internalizing the costs associated with accidental harm. This chapter develops the basic accident model that economists have employed to examine the structure of tort law.
The economic analysis of tort law is primarily concerned with the incentives that various assignments of liability create for injurers and victims to take precautions against accidents. In most accident settings, if injurers do not face the threat of liability for the victims’ injuries, they have no incentive to take precautions because the victims’ costs represent an externality. Alternatively, if victims always expect to be fully compensated for their injuries, they too will have little or no incentive to take precaution. This two-sided “moral hazard” presents a difficult problem for tort law, and the economic model of accidents (the model of precaution) shows how negligence rules elegantly solve it. More broadly, the basic principles that arise from this analysis turn out to be applicable to problems in both contracts and property, thereby demonstrating the ability of the model to provide a unifying framework for the economic analysis of law.
On Some Syntactic Properties of Word-structure and Modular Grammars
Authors: Law Paul 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In a theory of modular grammar as a system of several independent components (for example, syntax, phonology, semantics, and so on), each of which is governed by its own principles (and parameters) as originally conceived by Chomsky (1981), an issue of central concern is the delimitation of these grammatical components and the connection between them. To this end, I examine in this chapter some properties of nominalization, in the hope that the conclusions drawn from this study would shed some light on the issue of where the dividing line between syntax and morphology is.
On Passive as Partitive Quantification
Authors: Rooryck Johan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the modular framework of generative grammar, passive is reduced to the interaction of various principles involving Case theory, movement, and Theta theory (Chomsky 1981). Movement of the object to subject position is dependent on the thematic vacuousness of this subject position, which in turn is obtained by the “absorption” of the external thematic role by the passive morphology transmit¬ ting this thematic role to the by-phrase (Jaeggli 1986; Baker, Johnson, and Roberts 1989). Movement is triggered as aconsequence of Burzio’s (1986) generalization: a verb without an external Theta-role has no accusative Case to assign. Since no accusative Case is available for the object NP in the postverbal position (or in Spec AgrOP, in the minimalist framework), the object NP moves to subject position, where nominative Case is available. If the object stays in object position, it can only do so if provided with inherent partitive Case, yielding impersonal passives (le) with necessarily indefinite (partitive) NPs in object position (Belletti 1988).
Performativity Effect In Three Gay English Texts
Authors: Leap William l. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
To date, most of my work in queer linguistics has focused on conversations and narratives as sites for the construction of gay message. In this chapter, I focus on single sentences as sites for such constructions-specifically, sentences that do not contain explicit gay vocabulary or flamboyant linguistic details but convey gay message through suggestion, implication, or other indirect means.
The Corporation as a Political Actor
Authors: Wilson James Q 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the quarter century between the early 1950s and the mid-l 970s, the American corporation changed dramatically the manner in which it engaged the political process. Most of these changes were born of necessity: declining success in Congress with respect to matters of fundamental importance to corporate management, a profound alteration in the ways in which money and information could be converted into political resources, the resurgence of intellectual opinion favorable to markets with respect to some transactions and unfavorable to them with respect to others, and a steady erosion in the prestige of business executives and the legitimacy of the large corporation.
The Sensory System
Authors: Swanson Larry W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In many ways the sensory system is the easiest for us to understand at an almost intuitive level. The eye has a lens like a camera and a retina for capturing focused visual scenes almost like film, and then those scenes are transmitted by the optic nerve to the brain where they are somehow converted into sensations and perceptions. This same principle basically applies for sounds detected by the ear, odors detected by the nose, tastes detected by the tongue, hunger pangs detected by the stomach, and tickles and pinches detected by the skin.
Anger, Gender, Language Shift, and the Politics of Revelation in a Papua New Guinean Village
Authors: Kulick Don 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In a number of recent publications, Catherine Lutz (1986, 1990) has explored the network of associations in Western culture that link women with emotion, which in most cases is overtly devalued. A contrasting situation is described by Bambi Schieffelin (1990), E. L. Schieffelin (1976, 1985), and Steven Feld (1990), all of whom argue that among the Kaluli people of Papua New Guinea, it is males who are “stereotypically culturally constructed as the emotional gender” (Feld 1990:262) and that this emotionality is encouraged and strongly valued in a wide variety of ritual and mundane contexts. Studies like these, as well as many others by anthropologists (e.g., articles in Lutz and Abu-Lughod 1990, Bloch and Parry 1982, Watson-Gegeo and White 1990, White and Kirkpatrick 1985), have shown that in probably all communities throughout the world, the expression of affect is engendered and that, therefore, in Catherine Lutz’s words, “any discourse on emotion is also, at least implicitly, a discourse on gender” (Lutz 1990:69; see also Ochs 1988:177-83, 215-16).
The “Real” Haitian Creole
Authors: Schieffelin Bambi B , Doucet Rachelle Charlier 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this essay, we examine the cultural categories and the conceptual logic that underlie the orthography debates about kreyòl that have taken place over the past fifty years. In Haiti, as in many countries concerned with nation-building, the development of an orthography for vernacular literacy has been neither a neutral activity nor simply a search for a way to mechanically reduce a spoken language to written form. The processes of transforming a spoken language to written form have often been viewed as scientific, arbitrary, or unproblematic. However, the creation of supposedly arbitrary sound/sign (signifier/signified) relationships that constitute an orthography always involves choices based on someone’s idea of what is important. This process of representing the sounds of language in written form is thus an activity deeply grounded in frameworks of value.
Spectacles of Prosperity
Authors: Truesdell Matthew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Although allusions to the past can be found throughout virtually all Second Empire spectacle, the heart of those references remained the activities and celebrations that were already a part of the monarchical and imperial traditions. More modern allusions were never entirely absent even from these events, as we saw in the emperor’s announcement of his marriage, but they were generally peripheral to the imitation and commemoration of past regimes.
Elements of Competitiveness
Authors: Ahlbrandt Roger S , Fruehan Richard J , Giarratani Frank 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The realignment of steel markets in the United States has been driven by the decisions of leaders in a large number of individual firms. Some of the decisions were bold and involved major risks; others were taken at the mar­ gin with little to be lost or gained. Some were in response to perceived opportunity; others were purely defensive, a reaction to realized losses and a recognition that traditional battle lines had been redrawn.
Regaining Competitiveness in the United Kingdom
Authors: Ahlbrandt Roger S , Fruehan Richard J , Giarratani Frank 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Faced with severe excess supply conditions, eroding prices, and large losses in the 1980s the steel industry in the European Community restructured significantly, much as did their competitors in the United States. In both places, when the integrated producers closed plants and strove for more efficient operation in their remaining plants and when minimills staked out new markets, the pattern in their actions was very clear. The most successful firms sharpened their focus on product lines, and used that as a guide for strategic investment. In the process, they reduced costs and enhanced product quality.
Converging Technologies
Authors: Ahlbrandt Roger S , Fruehan Richard J , Giarratani Frank 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The vitality of the American steel industry and its structure in terms of the kinds of firms that characterize the industry as we know it today result from the fact that individuals seized opportunities available to them. Invariably those opportunities were in the form of extraordinary profits to be realized by taking full advantage of existing technology or by pushing the technology frontier. The forces driving that opportunity were those of the marketplace, whether the market involved was steel or that for the materials needed to produce steel. Overall what we have observed is com­ petition, foreign or domestic, forcing downward pressure on prices in product markets or moderating price increases, which created a profit squeeze that caused firms to re examine current practice. These conditions were exploited by those bold enough to take the risks involved.
Pronouns
Authors: Shlonsky Ur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Alongside the agreement suffixes or “clitic” forms discussed in chapter 9, both Hebrew and Arabic possess sets of unattached or free standing pronouns. The internal structure of nominative pronouns is discussed in chapter 7, where it is argued, following Ritter (1995), that first and second person pronouns are D0 elements while third person (or more precisely, nonperson) pronouns belong to the category Num0. Example (10-1) below lists the forms of the nominative series in Hebrew.
Face and Social Context
Authors: Earley P Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Although a great deal of research and theory has been directed toward the understanding of social interaction, self-presentation, and related concepts, the nature of how people present themselves in a social dynamic is not well understood from a cultural perspective. A fundamental aspect of action is that we interact in a given social context for a variety of purposes, and a critical aspect of this interaction is the way we present ourselves and are judged in the presence of others. Self-worth, from the view of self and others, as well as the perceived image of others, is at the very heart of a concept of face (Goffman, 1959, 1967; Ho, 1994; Hu, 1944; Redding & Ng, 1982; Ting-Toomey & Cocroft, 1994).
Societal Context
Authors: Earley P Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Although my approach up to this point in the book has been focused on a micro-to-macro transition, I am leaving the discussion and description of the organizational context and content aspect of my model for a subsequent chapter in order to provide a context richness for the concepts discussed so far. The constructs of face, social actor, and harmony cannot fully be understood without a more explicit reference to societal context, or what I will refer to as cultural context.
Individual Differences and Offending
Authors: Farrington David P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is plausible to assume that offending, like all other types of behavior, arises from the interaction between the individual and the environment. This chapter focuses on the individual side of the equation. Explanations of the development of criminal persons (i.e., persons with a relatively high likelihood of committing criminal acts in different situations) are not at all incompatible with explanations of the occurrence of criminal acts. On the contrary, a comprehensive theory of crime should aim to explain both.
The LCA, Cyclicity, Trace Theory, and the Head Parameter
Authors: Kawashima Samuel David Epstein Erich M Groat Ruriko , Kitahara Hisatsugu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Thus far we have examined the consequences of a strictly derivational account of syntactic relations in two domains: first with respect to semantic interpretation in chapter 2 and second within the syntactic component in chapters 3 and 4, in which we developed a theory oflocal relations required for feature-checking and a version of local economy that constrains syntactic operations.
‘‘Uncrowned Mayor of New York’’
Authors: Procter Ben 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In July, 1904, William Randolph Hearst returned to New York City after an exhaustive presidential campaign that had ended in defeat. But, as James Creelman recognized, he was now “not a force in prospect, but a force in being:’ Or putting it another way, Lincoln Steffens observed that Hearst had the capabilities of “arousing in some people dread, in others hope, but compelling in all an interest which of itself is significant:’ And no wonder! At his command and dictation was a journalistic empire of eight newspapers in New York City, Chicago, Boston, Los Angeles, and San Francisco that influenced and entertained more than two million readers. Already he was gearing up to enter the magazine arena with the publication of Motor; and, within a year, he would acquire Cosmopolitan. Other than President Roosevelt, he was arguably the best-known American, not just in the United States but in the world.
The World of Mergers and Acquisitions
Authors: Hitt Michael A , Harrison Jeffrey S , Ireland R Duane 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1998, there were a large number of “blockbuster” mergers and acquisitions that made past mergers and acquisitions look small by comparison. For example, the largest announced mergers in 1998 were the marriage between Citicorp and Traveler’s Group estimated at approximately $77 billion in value and Exxon’s acquisition of Mobil for an estimated $79 billion. Closely following were transactions between SBC and Ameritech valued at approximately $61.8 billion and between Nations Bank Corp. and BancAmerica Corp. valued at approximately $60 billion. AT&T announced the acquisition of Tele-Communications, Inc. valued at approximately $43 billion.
The Myth of the Trial Court Judge as Nonideological
Authors: Philips Susan U 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this chapter I show how the Tucson judges with whom I worked operate in a political climate in which they present themselves, as in the previous quote, as mere implementers of law, uninfluenced by their own political and social backgrounds. Yet what they must do to become judges, their routes to the trial court bench, requires a significant involvement in local political processes that makes it highly unlikely they are not so influenced. Historically, in the United States, there has always been a tension in the selection of trial court judges-between wanting judges who are responsive to local community values and political ideologies and wanting judges who are impartial and some what removed from such influences. In recent decades, the political tide has moved, and is still moving, toward emphasizing impartiality over local community responsiveness. I suggest this is largely due to the growth in influence of professional organizations oflawyers, such as the State Bar of Arizona, and the lessening (though by no means the disappearance) of the influence of state and county political party organizations over these same processes. This emphasis has intensified the judges’ need to appear uninfluenced by anything other than the law itself.
Details Matter
Authors: Cutcher-Gershenfeld Joel , Nitta Michio , Barrett Betty J , Belhedi Nejib , Chow Simon Soi-Chung , Inaba Takashi , lshino lwao , Lin Wen-Jeng , Moore Michael , Mothersell William M , Palthe Jennifer , Ramanand Shobha , Strolle Mark E , Wheaton Arthur C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This book began as a study of shop-floor work practices in Japaneseaffiliated plants in North America. We were initially drawn to the study of these work practices for all the usual reasons,1 including the importance of the global economy and the Japanese reputation for quality and productivity. Reports in the literature suggested that work practices in Japanese-affiliated factories would be very different and highly pro-ductive. These expectations began to shift even before our initial plant visits.
Nicotine and the Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Rhodes John , Green, John , Thomas Gareth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There is little information about the direct effects of nicotine on the gastrointestinal tract in humans. Most observations derive from studies of smoking. The effect of smoking on body weight is perhaps the best recognized observation, and it ac­ counts for up to a 10% difference between smokers and nonsmokers.
Matching and Refining the Hierarchies of Adverb Phrases and Functional Heads
Authors: Cinque Guglielmo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
If we match, left to right, the independently established hierarchies of AdvPs ((58)+(44) of chapter 1) and functional heads (96) of chapter 3), we can observe some striking correspondences (see (1) below). In many cases a transparent specifier/head relation between a certain adverb class and the right-adjacent functional head is immediately recognizable.