bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine‐Based Learning Hierarchical Cluster Analysis: Sex‐Based Differences in Prognosis Following Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Resende Vivian , Tsilimigras Diamantis I. , Endo Yutaka , Guglielmi Alfredo , Ratti Francesca , Aldrighetti Luca , Marques Hugo P. , Soubrane Olivier , Lam Vincent , Poultsides George A. , Popescu Irinel , Alexandrescu Sorin , Gleisner Ana , Martel Guillaume , Hugh Tom , Endo Itaru , Shen Feng , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may have a heterogeneous presentation, as well as different long‐term outcomes following surgical resection. We sought to use machine learning to cluster patients into different prognostic groups based on preoperative characteristics.MethodsPatients who underwent curative‐intent liver resection for HCC between 2000 and 2020 were identified from a large international multi‐institutional database. A hierarchical cluster analysis was performed based on preoperative factors to characterize patterns of presentation and define disease‐free survival (DFS).ResultsAmong 966 with HCC, 3 distinct clusters were identified: Cluster 1 (n = 160, 16.5%), Cluster 2 (n = 537, 55.6%) and Cluster 3 (n = 269, 27.8%). Cluster 1 (n = 160, 16.5%) consisted of female patients (n = 160, 100%), low inflammation‐based scores, intermediate tumor burden score (TBS) (median: 4.71) and high alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) levels (median 41.3 ng/mL); Cluster 2 consisted of male individuals (n = 537, 100%), mainly with a history of HBV infection (n = 429, 79.9%), low inflammation‐based scores, intermediate AFP levels (median 26.0 ng/mL) and lower TBS (median 4.49); Cluster 3 was comprised of older patients (median age 68 years) predominantly male (n = 248, 92.2%) who had low incidence of HBV/HCV infection (7.1% and 8.2%, respectively), intermediate AFP levels (median 16.8 ng/mL), high inflammation‐based scores and high TBS (median 6.58). Median DFS worsened incrementally among the three different clusters with Cluster 3 having the lowest DFS (Cluster 1: median not reached; Cluster 2: 34 months, 95% CI 23.0–48.0, Cluster 3: 19 months, 95% CI 15.0–29.0, p < 0.05).ConclusionCluster analysis classified HCC patients into three distinct prognostic groups. Cluster assignment predicted DFS following resection of HCC with the female cluster having the most favorable prognosis following HCC resection.
Impact of Frailty and Sarcopenia on Short‐ and Long‐Term Outcomes in Elderly Patients Undergoing Radical Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Osaki Tomohiro , Tatebe Shigeru , Orihara Junpei , Uchinaka Ei , Ashida Keigo , Hirooka Yasuaki , Fujiwara Yoshiyuki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of frailty and sarcopenia in patients with gastric cancer is unclear. This study aimed to comprehensively examine the impact of frailty and sarcopenia on the short‐ and long‐term outcomes in elderly patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively assessed 246 patients aged ≥ 65 years who underwent radical gastrectomy. Frailty and sarcopenia were assessed using the modified frailty index (mFI) and psoas muscle mass index (PMI), respectively.ResultsThere were 30 (12.2%) and 60 (24.4%) patients with High‐mFI and Low‐PMI, respectively. As the age increased, both sexes showed significant correlations with PMI and mFI (r = − 0.238, 0.322, P = 0.003 and 0.002, respectively). High‐mFI and Low‐PMI did not affect the short‐term outcomes. However, High‐mFI was an independent risk factor for non‐home discharge (P = 0.004) and was a significant predictor of 3‐ and 5‐year overall survival (OS) (HR = 2.76 and 2.26; P = 0.002 and 0.005, respectively) and 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year non‐cancer‐specific survival (non‐CSS) (HR = 4.88, 8.05, and 4.01; P = 0.017, < 0.001, < 0.001, respectively). Low‐PMI was a significant predictor of only 5‐year OS (HR = 2.03, P = 0.003) and non‐CSS (HR = 2.10, P = 0.020).ConclusionsFrailty is significant predictor of non‐home discharge and 1‐, 3‐, 5‐year OS and 3‐ and 5‐year non‐CSS. Sarcopenia is a significant predictor of 5‐year OS and non‐CSS. Preoperative assessment of both frailty and sarcopenia can help surgeons to select adequate treatment strategies for the elderly population.
Sonics: develop intuition on biomechanical systems through interactive error controlled simulations
Authors: Mazier Arnaud , El Hadramy Sidaty , Brunet Jean-Nicolas , Hale Jack S. , Cotin Stéphane , Bordas Stéphane P. A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe describe the SOniCS (SOFA + FEniCS) plugin to help develop an intuitive understanding of complex biomechanics systems. This new approach allows the user to experiment with model choices easily and quickly without requiring in-depth expertise. Constitutive models can be modified by one line of code only. This ease in building new models makes SOniCS ideal to develop surrogate, reduced order models and to train machine-learning algorithms for enabling real-time patient-specific simulations. SOniCS is thus not only a tool that facilitates the development of surgical training simulations but also, and perhaps more importantly, paves the way to increase the intuition of users or otherwise non-intuitive behaviors of (bio)mechanical systems. The plugin uses new developments of the FEniCSx project enabling automatic generation with FFCx of finite-element tensors, such as the local residual vector and Jacobian matrix. We verify our approach with numerical simulations, such as manufactured solutions, cantilever beams, and benchmarks provided by FEBio. We reach machine precision accuracy and demonstrate the use of the plugin for a real-time haptic simulation involving a surgical tool controlled by the user in contact with a hyperelastic liver. We include complete examples showing the use of our plugin for simulations involving Saint Venant–Kirchhoff, Neo-Hookean, Mooney–Rivlin, and Holzapfel Ogden anisotropic models as supplementary material.
Ocular drug delivery systems: glaucoma patient perceptions from a German university hospital eye clinic
Authors: Weber Constance , Quintin Philipp , Holz Frank G. , Fea Antonio , Mercieca Karl 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to report on glaucoma patients’ beliefs and illness perceptions and to investigate their opinion on ocular drug delivery devices (ODD).

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study in a large tertiary-referral outpatient glaucoma clinic, with 102 patients. Validated anonymized questionnaires were used. We investigated the awareness and acceptance regarding ODD (contact lenses (CLs), punctal plugs (PPs), subconjunctival implants, anterior chamber (AC) injections, and drug-emitting stents) and looked at factors that could influence a patient’s decision for having an ODD.

Results
Sixty-three patients (61.8%) confirmed they would rather have ODD than keep their eye-drops (38.2%). The most important factors influencing their decision were effectiveness and long-lasting effect. A large proportion of patients reported a preference for CLs (48.0%), PPs (52.9%), or drug-emitting stents (44.1%). When comparing patients who preferred ODD (group-1) versus eye-drops (group-2), significantly more patients in group-1 were worried (p < 0.001) or felt disrupted (p < 0.001) by their use of eye-drops. A significantly greater share of patients in group-1 showed acceptance towards CLs (60.3% vs. 38.5%; p = 0.032), AC injections (38.1% vs. 12.8%, p = 0.006), or drug-emitting stents (54% vs. 28.2%, p = 0.023), whilst there were no significant differences regarding the acceptance of PPs (p = 0.363) or subconjunctival implants (p = 0.058).

Conclusion
ODD for the treatment of glaucoma were broadly deemed acceptable by patients in this study. Effectiveness and long-lasting effect were the most important factors for a decision towards having an ODD. The majority of patients who preferred an ODD felt severely affected by their disease and were negatively influenced by their glaucoma medication intake.
School children brief training to save foreign body airway obstruction
Authors: Martínez-Isasi Santiago , Carballo-Fazanes Aida , Jorge-Soto Cristina , Otero-Agra Martín , Fernández-Méndez Felipe , Barcala-Furelos Roberto , Izquierdo Verónica , García-Martínez María , Rodríguez-Núñez Antonio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractForeign body airway obstruction (FBAO) is a relatively common emergency and a potential cause of sudden death both in children and older people; bystander immediate action will determine the victim’s outcome. Although many school children’s basic life support (BLS) training programs have been implemented in recent years, references to specific training on FBAO are lacking. Therefore, the aim was to assess FBAO-solving knowledge acquisition in 10–13-year-old school children. A quasi-experimental non-controlled simulation study was carried out on 564 ten-to-thirteen-year-old children from 5 schools in Galicia (Spain). Participants received a 60-min training led by their physical education teachers (5 min theory, 15 min demonstration by the teacher, and 30 min hands-on training) on how to help to solve an FBAO event. After the training session, the school children’s skills were assessed in a standardized adult’s progressive FBAO simulation scenario. The assessment was carried out by proficient researchers utilizing a comprehensive checklist specifically designed to address the variables involved in resolving a FBAO event according with current international guidelines. The assessment of school children’s acquired knowledge during the simulated mild FBAO revealed that 62.2% of participants successfully identified the event and promptly encouraged the simulated patient to cough actively. When the obstruction progressed, its severity was recognized by 86.2% and back blows were administered, followed by abdominal thrusts by 90.4%. When the simulated victim became unconscious, 77.1% of children identified the situation and immediately called the emergency medical service and 81.1% initiated chest compressions. No significant differences in performance were detected according to participants’ age. Conclusion: A brief focused training contributes to prepare 10–13-year-old school children to perform the recommended FBAO steps in a standardized simulated patient. We consider that FBAO should be included in BLS training programs for school children.

What is Known:• Kids Save Lives strategy states that school children should learn basic life support (BLS) skills because of their potential role as first responders.• This BLS training does not include content for resolving a foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO).

What is New:• Following a 60-min theoretical-practical training led by physical education teachers, 10–13-year-old school children are able to solve a simulated FBAO situation.• The inclusion of FBAO content in BLS training in schools should be considered.
Influence of phylogenetic diversity of plant communities on tri-trophic interactions
Authors: Alavez Verónica , Santos-Gally Rocio , Gutiérrez-Aguilar Manuel , del-Val Ek , Boege Karina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPhylogenetic diversity of plant communities can influence the interaction between plants, herbivores, and their natural enemies. Plant communities with phylogenetically distant species tend to present a wide variety of functional traits and ecological niches, which in turn can influence competitive interactions among plants as well as food and habitat quality for herbivores and their natural enemies. To assess some different mechanisms by which phylogenetic diversity of plant communities can influence herbivores and their natural enemies, we established 12 experimental plots of tropical trees with two treatments: high and low phylogenetic diversity. We measured plant growth and anti-herbivore defenses, herbivore foliar damage, and predator activity in seven species that were present in both treatments. We found significant differences in the expression of plant traits as a function of species identity and their life history, but also depending on the phylogenetic context in which they grew. Pioneer species had higher growth and produced more phenolics in plots with high phylogenetic diversity versus plants in plots with low phylogenetic diversity. Accordingly, herbivore damage in these species was greater in plots with low phylogenetic diversity. Finally, predator activity on caterpillar clay models placed on plants was greater within the low phylogenetic diversity treatment, but only for non-myrmecophytic species. These results suggest that plant phylogenetic diversity can influence the expression of growth and defensive traits and further modify the interaction between plants, herbivores, and their natural enemies. However, such effects depend on plant life history and the presence of mutualistic interaction with ants.
Understanding evolving user choices: a neural network analysis of TAXI and ride-hailing services in Barcelona
Authors: Guillén-Pujadas Miguel , Vizuete-Luciano Emili , Alaminos David , Carmen Gracia-Ramos M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUrban mobility stands as a fundamental element worthy of consideration by both society and its leaders. Often, decisions in this realm are made by governing figures without duly factoring in the preferences and needs of citizens. In our study, we delve into the changes that have unfolded within Barcelona from the standpoint of its users. The primary aim of this article is to observe the preferences that these users hold regarding the array of mobility options available to them in the urban environment. To this end, we’ve incorporated various aspects of significant relevance and contemporary presence in today’s society, such as mobility and sustainability, focusing specifically on the two most frequently used types of commercial passenger vehicles (CPV) within urban contexts: taxis and ride-hailing services. To gather the necessary sample data, a survey was conducted with a significance level of 95%. Following an exhaustive examination of the existing literature surrounding these concepts, we proceeded with the analysis of the sample using neural networks. The outcomes garnered encompass user receptiveness to the technological evolution shaping the sector, the utilization of mobile applications, a predisposition to opt for fixed tariffs, and the pivotal role of new blockchain-based technologies (NFTs and fan tokens) in influencing user decision-making.
The clinical importance of the host anti-tumour reaction patterns in regional tumour draining lymph nodes in patients with locally advanced resectable gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Budginaite Elzbieta , Kloft Maximilian , van Kuijk Sander M. J. , Canao Pedro A. , Kooreman Loes F. S. , Pennings Alexander J. , Magee Derek R. , Woodruff Henry C. , Grabsch Heike I. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The status of regional tumour draining lymph nodes (LN) is crucial for prognostic evaluation in gastric cancer (GaC) patients. Changes in lymph node microarchitecture, such as follicular hyperplasia (FH), sinus histiocytosis (SH), or paracortical hyperplasia (PH), may be triggered by the anti-tumour immune response. However, the prognostic value of these changes in GaC patients is unclear.

Methods
A systematic search in multiple databases was conducted to identify studies on the prognostic value of microarchitecture changes in regional tumour-negative and tumour-positive LNs measured on histopathological slides. Since the number of GaC publications was very limited, the search was subsequently expanded to include junctional and oesophageal cancer (OeC).

Results
A total of 28 articles (17 gastric cancer, 11 oesophageal cancer) met the inclusion criteria, analyzing 26,503 lymph nodes from 3711 GaC and 1912 OeC patients. The studies described eight different types of lymph node microarchitecture changes, categorized into three patterns: hyperplasia (SH, FH, PH), cell-specific infiltration (dendritic cells, T cells, neutrophils, macrophages), and differential gene expression. Meta-analysis of five GaC studies showed a positive association between SH in tumour-negative lymph nodes and better 5-year overall survival. Pooled risk ratios for all LNs showed increased 5-year overall survival for the presence of SH and PH.

Conclusions
This systematic review suggests that sinus histiocytosis and paracortical hyperplasia in regional tumour-negative lymph nodes may provide additional prognostic information for gastric and oesophageal cancer patients. Further studies are needed to better understand the lymph node reaction patterns and explore their impact of chemotherapy treatment and immunotherapy efficacy.
Effects of time-delayed vibration absorber on bandwidth of beam for low broadband vibration suppression
Authors: Sun Xiuting , Qu Yipeng , Wang Feng , Xu Jian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe effects of time-delayed vibration absorber (TDVA) on the dynamic characteristics of a flexible beam are investigated. First, the vibration suppression effect of a single TDVA on a continuous beam is studied. The first optimization criterion is given, and the results show that the introduction of time-delayed feedback control (TDFC) is beneficial to improving the vibration suppression at the anti-resonance band. When a single TDVA is used, the anti-resonance is located at a specific frequency by the optimum design of TDFC parameters. Then, in order to obtain low-frequency and broad bands for vibration suppression, multiple TDVAs are uniformly distributed on a continuous beam, and the relationship between the dynamic responses and the TDFC parameters is investigated. The obtained relationship shows that the TDVA has a significant regulatory effect on the vibration behavior of the continuous beam. The effects of the number of TDVAs and the nonlinearity on the bandgap variation are discussed. As the multiple TDVAs are applied, according to the different requirements on the location and bandwidth of the effective vibration suppression band, the optimization criteria for the TDFC parameters are given, which provides guidance for the applications of TDVAs in practical projects such as bridge and aerospace.
Renewables, taxes and competitive markets: the role of energy policies on the EU’s sustainable energy consumption
Authors: García-Álvarez María Teresa , Pineiro-Villaverde Gustavo , Soares Isabel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the European Union has made sustainable consumption and production a political priority, to address economic and social development within the capacity of the ecosystem. To this end, it has put in place several actions related to resource efficiency, energy taxation and the promotion of renewable energies. This has been positive in terms of production, but less progress has been achieved in consumption. Greater understanding of the factors that influence sustainable energy consumption is particularly important. This paper investigates the effects of energy demand policies (energy taxes) and energy supply policies (renewable energies development, competitive energy markets and eco-innovation) on sustainable energy consumption in the EU-28 from 2008 to 2019. This research employs a panel data model to investigate the study’s hypotheses. Our results show that energy tax policies and clean energy have reduced energy intensity. However, electricity prices have been the greatest determinant in reducing total energy consumption. In light of its findings, this paper makes recommendations for several crucial measures for sustainable energy consumption to policymakers.
Graphical abstract
Population genetic diversity and connectivity of the kelp species Ecklonia cava from the Korean coast
Authors: Choi Dong Mun , Hong Seokwoo , Yang Kwon Mo , Ko Young Wook , Kim Jeong Ha 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGenetic connectivity of kelp populations can provide essential information for estimating their dispersal capability and related perspectives on persistence. We examined population genetic variability to identify connectivity and potential drivers shaping population genetic clusters of Ecklonia cava, a foundation kelp species in the northwest Pacific region. Using microsatellite markers, we analyzed 11 local populations along the Korean coastline from Jeju Island to Ulleungdo. We found that entire study populations were segregated into two genetic groups, inner (south coast populations) and outer (Jeju Island and Ulleungdo) coastal regions, in accordance with current patterns around South Korea and geographical topography. Genetic similarity between the furthest populations (Jeju Island and Ulleungdo) suggest that the dispersal range of E. cava could be largely expanded by the prevalent current. Inter-population genetic structure in the perspectives of isolation-by-distance (IBD) and isolation-by-environment (IBE) revealed that distance and turbidity gradient were both contributors to the gene flow of E. cava. However, different results appeared for a few populations, suggesting that effects of these factors could vary depending on geographic range of populations and surrounding oceanographic conditions. This study suggests that gene flow of E. cava could be driven by multiple seascape factors (ocean currents, coastal topography, distance and sediments) and the interplay among them at a regional scale, which is applicable to other kelp species with diverse scales.
Effects of cooking on the composition of volatiles, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity of three Chilean seaweeds
Authors: Figueroa Valentina , Holdt Susan Løvstad , Jacobsen Charlotte , Aguilera José Miguel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSeaweed consumption is increasing around the world due to consumer demands for sustainable food sources, health benefits derived from bioactive compounds, and a source of novel flavors. Despite all the benefits that come with eating seaweed, consumers still resent of their sensorial properties. Seaweed is traditionally consumed raw or cooked, but there is still not enough information on how the sensory descriptors and bioactive compounds change when cooked. The aim of this study was to determine the change in total polyphenol content (TPC), antioxidant capacity (e.g., DPPH and ORAC values) and changes in volatile compounds of three Chilean seaweeds: Durvillaea antarctica, Pyropia spp. and Ulva lactuca when subjected to traditional cooking for 15 min at 100°C. In all three seaweeds, TPC decreased with cooking and so did the measured antioxidant capacity. Altogether, 46 volatile cpmpounds were identified in D. antarctica, 49 in Pyropia spp. and 47 in U. lactuca. The concentration of these volatile compounds was correlated with aroma sensory descriptors of the same samples. Consumer preferences may be attracted by the herbal notes of U. lactuca or the sweet, caramel, and umami flavors of D. antarctica and Pyropia.