bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unusual Capping Chalcogenide Dependence of the Luminescence Quantum Yield of the Hexarhenium(III) Cyano Complexes [Re6(μ3-E)8(CN)6]4−, E2− = Se2− &gt; S2− &gt; Te2−
Authors: Yoshimura Takashi , Ishizaka Shoji , Sasaki Yoichi , Kim Haeng-Boo , Kitamura Noboru , Naumov Nikolai G , Sokolov Maxim N , Fedorov Vladimir E 
Published: October 2003

Abstract
Hexarhenium(III) clusters [Re6(μ3-E)8(CN)6]4− (E2− = S2−, Se2−, Te2−) are luminescent at room temperature with the emission quantum yield and lifetime in the order E2− = Se2− &gt; S2− &gt;&gt; Te2− both in acetonitrile and water.
Preparation of Pt/SiO2 Ultra-fine Particles in Reversed Micelles and Their Catalytic Activity
Authors: Miyao Toshihiro , Toyoizumi Noritaka , Okuda Satoko , Imai Yoko , Tajima Kazuo , Naito Shuichi 
Published: October 2003

Abstract
Ultra fine Pt particles supported on SiO2 was successfully prepared by the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane in the same reversed micellar solution of previously mono-dispersed Pt particles. Formed Pt/SiO2 surface was partly covered with the residue of surfactant, which caused the inhibition of hydrogen adsorption as well as hydrogenation of propene.
Well-defined Polynuclear Iron(II) Complexes Bridged by Back-to-back Ligands
Authors: Kimura Mutsumi , Horai Takashi , Muto Tsuyoshi , Hanabusa Kenji , Shirai Hirofusa 
Published: October 2003

Abstract
Novel linear high-molecular-weight polynuclear iron (II) complex has been synthesized using a new bridging ligand in which two 2, 2′: 6′, 2″-terpyridine have connected by a 1,4-pheneylene spacer having long alkyl chains.
Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyoxymethylene from Aqueous Formaldehyde Solution
Authors: Masamoto Junzo , Nagahara Hajime , Yokoyama Tsuneshi , Fujikawa Rikio , Tanaka Tadashi , Yamaguchi Tomio 
Published: October 2003

Abstract
Ultrahigh molecular weight polyoxymethylene with a weight average molecular weight over 1000000 was obtained from an aqueous formaldehyde solution. The molecular weight of this polymer is much higher than the reported highest molecular weight value of 46000 obtained by the condensation polymerization of formaldehyde in aqueous solution.
Implementation of an innovative grant programme to build partnerships between researchers, decision-makers and practitioners: The experience of the Quebec Social Research Council
Authors: Antil Thomas , Desrochers Mireille , Joubert Pierre , Bouchard Camil 
Published: October 2003

Objectives This paper examines a grant programme developed by the Quebec Social Research Council in the 1990s to encourage the building of research partnerships between researchers, decision-makers and practitioners. In particular, it studies the perceptions of key participants concerning the reasons behind the programme's successful implementation and growth. Methods In addition to secondary data about institutional involvement in the programme, 10 researchers and administrators were consulted as key informants. The method of concept mapping was used in order to draw out a consensus on the different factors associated with the successful implementation of the programme. Results The participants identified 10 main factors that help explain the programme's successful implementation. These factors were then grouped into a model containing four dimensions: the leadership and coherence shown in the programmeme's implementation; the presence of a favourable political and social conjuncture; the programme's responsiveness to the needs of health and social services institutions; and the programme's responsiveness to the needs of the university milieu. Conclusions Although this model remains specific to the prevailing situation in Quebec at the time of its application, it may help stimulate reflection and contribute to an understanding of how research policies can encourage partnerships between researchers, practitioners and decision-makers.
Temperature Evolution in the Lokbatan Mud Volcano Crater (Azerbaijan) after the Eruption of 25 October 2001
Authors: Mukhtarov A. Sh. , Kadirov F.A. , Guliyev I.S. , Feyzullayev A. , Lerche I. 
Published: October 2003

Temperature measurements have been made in the Lokbatan crater at three locations after the explosion of 25 October 2001. The measurements were made at depths of 0.5m, 1.0m and 1.5m into the mud ejected at the time of the explosion, and have continued to be made at intervals of approximately one month. The temperature measurements do not seem to indicate a steady cool-down with time, but rather an initial cooling for about 150 days after the primary explosion, followed by more recent re-heating events. This pattern of events is likely consistent with the on-going supply of gas to keep the central crater flame burning (at about 0.5m high over an area of about 1m2, as observed in late May, 2002); and also consistent with sporadic flame outbursts since the primary explosion, as also observed. Two regional lines of temperature measurements across the volcano region in roughly north-south and east-west directions, respectively, to distances of several km, indicate that the ejected mud cooled rapidly to background temperatures over a timescale of a month or so, unlike the crater region. Background measurements prior to the explosion from producing wells on the flanks of the volcano indicate heat flux focusing centred on the volcano, while rock ejecta indicate mud production from the Upper Cretaceous at depths of several km. The initial flame was around 100 m in diameter and approximately 400 m high, lasting about 24 hours; the ejected mud covers the crater area to a distance of more than 150 m in all directions to a depth of several metres. Oil production from the flanks of the mud volcano was unperturbed by the explosion. Both geodynamic and gravimetric records have also been made in the general region. The detailed information and inferences they provide argue for a “sloppy” unconsolidated region at around 3–6 km depth that may be the source of both mud and entrained gas flow. A more quantitative discussion of these investigations will be reported later. Currently, thermal observations in the Lokbatan crater continue on a roughly monthly basis (weather permitting) in the hope that better discrimination between competing thermal models (cooling versus re-heating) may be sharpened with such data over the next few years.
Fondaparinux for Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Major Orthopedic Surgery
Authors: Tran Alison H , Lee Garvin 
Published: October 2003

OBJECTIVE: To review clinical information related to fondaparinux, a synthetic pentasaccharide recently approved for the prevention of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgeries and for extended DVT prophylaxis after hip fracture surgery. DATA SOURCES: Primary and review articles were identified by MEDLINE (1983–June 2003) using the key words pentasaccharide, Org31540, SR90107A, DVT prophylaxis, and fondaparinux. Additional sources were found listed in articles, abstracts, and unpublished data on file from the manufacturer. Articles selected were based on their coverage of the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of fondaparinux. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All of the articles identified were evaluated and all information deemed relevant was included. DATA SYNTHESIS: Fondaparinux is a selective antithrombin-dependent, indirect inhibitor of activated factor Xa. It has a favorable and predictable pharmacokinetic profile when administered subcutaneously, and has a long half-life, allowing once-daily dosing. Fondaparinux lacks in vitro cross-reactivity with heparin-induced antibodies. Major Phase III studies have demonstrated that subcutaneous fondaparinux sodium 2.5 mg given at least 6 hours postoperatively resulted in a 55% reduction in the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery, total hip replacement surgery, or knee replacement surgery compared with standard enoxaparin therapy. It has a safety profile similar to that of enoxaparin with respect to clinically relevant major bleeding, including fatal bleeding, nonfatal bleeding, and bleeding requiring repeat surgery. The use of fondaparinux for prolonged prophylaxis after hip fracture has demonstrated further reduction in VTE events without increasing the risk of bleeding. CONCLUSIONS: Fondaparinux is the first of a new class of synthetic factor Xa inhibitors that demonstrated greater efficacy compared with enoxaparin for the prevention of VTE in major orthopedic surgery without an increase in clinically relevant bleeding. Given the favorable cost-effectiveness analysis and improved efficacy profile, fondaparinux should be considered for formulary addition for DVT prophylaxis in patients undergoing hip and knee replacement surgery. In patients undergoing hip fracture surgery, fondaparinux should be considered the DVT prophylaxis of choice. Extended thromboprophylaxis up to 28 days resulted in additional reduction in VTE (both symptomatic and venography-proven DVT) in patients with hip fracture surgery.
Assessment of Web-Based Applications for Ambulatory Care Rotations
Authors: Klockars Sara J , Blair Melissa M , Mazur Jennifer N , Ragucci Kelly R , Fermo Joli 
Published: October 2003

BACKGROUND: An interactive Web site was developed to supplement ambulatory care clinical rotations, optimize collaborative efforts of ambulatory care preceptors, and standardize the educational and evaluation experience. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate perceptions of residents and students using an interactive Web site for ambulatory care clinical pharmacy rotations. METHODS: An online anonymous survey comprised of 12 questions using a 5-point Likert scale (1–5, strongly disagree—strongly agree) and 4 open-ended questions was designed. Over a 3-year time frame, each student and resident rotating through the ambulatory care clinical rotation was instructed to complete the survey at the end of the rotation experience. Survey results were compiled and analyzed. RESULTS: Sixty-nine percent (18/26) of residents and 71% (54/76) of students completed the survey. Overall, the Web site was well accepted by all learners. Residents and students differed in opinion on a few aspects of the Web site; however, both appreciated the ease of accessibility and links to additional resources. Inoperable links and outdated quizzes were identified as major weaknesses. CONCLUSIONS: Perceptions of an interactive Web site used during ambulatory care clinical rotations were positive. The survey results reinforce the continued use of this teaching method and will enable preceptors to make appropriate adjustments for future learners.
Cross cultural transferability in child protection: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Lidchi Victoria Gabrielle 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe paper uses the experience of working in Bolivia in the ﬁeld of child protection to discuss the usage of international contributions and cooperation in the implementation of child protection measures. The challenges and opportunities involved in the implementation of child protection policy and practice in Bolivia are discussed in the context of the realities faced in many countries of South America. The paper describes how a systemic approach was used to provoke change, to maximize the effectiveness of what resources and capabilities already existed and to promote continuing improvement in multidisciplinary cooperation. Where resources are not available for an integrated multisectorial approach dedicated to child abuse and neglect (CAN), leadership and capacity‐building in this way may be used to enable practitioners to transform the challenges of implementation into opportunities for learning and better practice. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dangerous and severe parenting disorder? Personality disorder, parenting and new legal proposals
Authors: Adshead Gwen 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe Government has proposed new legal measures for the management of people with personality disorders who are dangerous to others. In this paper, it is argued that there is no reason why these proposed measures should not apply to those individuals with personality disorders who are parents and present a severe risk of harm to their own children. New measures that provided a legal and clinical framework for the provision of assessment and possible therapy for personality disordered parents who pose a risk to their children would fulﬁl a real need which is not being met. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The outcomes of a longitudinal study of non‐organic failure‐to‐thrive
Authors: Iwaniec Dorota , Sneddon Helga , Allen Sarah 
Published: October 2003

AbstractIndividuals who had failed‐to‐thrive for non‐organic reasons received psychosocial intervention which was tailor‐made to their particular needs during childhood. Their progress was followed up over 20 years later, including their physical growth and social and cognitive functioning. Not all clients showed the same outcomes. The quality of the parental relationship and the reason for the growth‐faltering were found to be related to the outcomes at 20 years. Unless they experienced a positive and sustained change in their life or circumstances, individuals who had experienced abuse showed poorer outcomes than those whose growth‐faltering had been thought due to neglect, lack of parenting or feeding difﬁculties. Abuse tended to be a contributing factor to growth‐faltering more frequently in families where the parents were observed to have a poor relationship with each other. However, a signiﬁcant change in the quality of care given to the child and the emotional environment experienced by them resulted in positive outcomes 20 years later despite experiencing abuse during childhood. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel Fabrication of Conductive Polymers Contained Micro‐Array Gas Sensitive Films Using A Micromanipulation Method
Authors: Jung H.‐S. , Shimanouchi T. , Morita S. , Kuboi R. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractA novel method for fabricating a micro gas sensor film on an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode patterned using micro‐machining technology was developed. A micromanipulation system equipped with a counter electrode (Au; Ø10 μm) and a microsyringe, which was connected to a microinjection system, was first constructed. With this system, micro gas sensor arrays could be successfully prepared on ITO electrodes. Two kinds of micro gas sensor films were prepared, based on polythiophene (PTh) and poly(3‐n‐dodecylthiophene) (PD). The response behavior of conventional PTh and micro‐PTh films against NH3 at three different operating temperatures (25, 40 and 60 °C) was investigated by measuring the resistance of the film. With the micro‐PTh film, a reversible response was observed against NH3 when measured at 40 and 60 °C. In addition, the responsive characteristics of the microsensor films against different testing gases were examined at the three operating temperatures. The resistance of the microsensor films of PTh and PD changed considerably, depending on the type of testing gas, allowing these sensor films to be used for the detection of various gases. Furthermore, the microsensor films had a high stability compared with conventional films prepared from the same polymer.
Highly Selective and Sensitive Perchlorate Sensors Based on Some Recently Synthesized Ni(II)‐Hexaazacyclotetradecane Complexes
Authors: Ganjali Mohammad Reza , Yousefi Mohammad , Poursaberi Tahereh , Naji Leila , Salavati‐Niasari Masoud , Shamsipur Mojtaba 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThree nickel(II)‐hexaazacyclotetradecane complexes were studied to characterize their abilities as perchlorate ion carrier in PVC membrane electrodes. The electrodes based on these complexes exhibit Nernstian responses for ClO$\rm{ {_{4}^{-}}}$ over very wide concentration ranges (1.0×10−1 −5.0×10−7 M) with detection limits of 2.0×10−7 −5.0×10−7 M (20–50 ng/mL). The sensors show very good selectivity for ClO$\rm{ {_{4}^{-}}}$ ion in comparison with the most common organic and inorganic anions. The responses of the proposed electrodes are independent of pH in the range of 3.5–11.0. The perchlorate selective membranes show fast response time (<10 s) and can be used for 4–12 weeks without any major deviation. The sensors were successfully used to determine the perchlorate ion in water, wastewater and human urine samples.
Quantitation of Metal Ions in Archaeological Glass by Abrasive Stripping Square‐Wave Voltammetry Using Graphite/Polyester Composite Electrodes
Authors: Doménech‐Carbó A. , Doménech‐Carbó M. T. , Osete‐Cortina L. , Gimeno‐Adelantado J. V. , Sánchez‐Ramos S. , Bosch‐Reig F. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractA method for identifying Co, Cu, Sb, Sn, Fe, Zn, and Zr pigments in glasses using square‐wave voltammetry as the detection mode is described. It is based on the abrasive attachment of glass microsamples to graphite/polyester composite electrodes. Sample amounts less than 1 μg are used allowing for the study of archaeological samples. In all cases well‐defined anodic stripping peaks corresponding to the oxidation of metal deposits generated at potentials ranging from −0.6 to −1.6 V (vs. SCE) are obtained. This response is in agreement with that displayed by the corresponding metal oxides. Quantitative estimates of the relative population of metal ions in glasses are obtained from peak area measurements with an accuracy comparable to that obtained with SEM/EDX.
Electrochemical Study of s‐Triazine Herbicides Transfer Across the Water/1,2‐Dichloroethane Interface
Authors: Juárez A. V. , Yudi L. M. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe transfer of three s‐triazine herbicides, atrazine (ATR), propazine (PRO) and prometrine (PROM), across the water/1,2‐dichloroethane interface was investigated using cyclic voltammetry. A facilitated proton transfer mechanism from the aqueous to organic phase is demonstrated by the analysis of positive peak potential and peak current as a function of pH. It is shown that the determination of 2.5×10−5 M – 5×10−4 M concentration of herbicides in aqueous phase may be possible under the experimental conditions employed.
Electrocatalysis via Direct Electrochemistry of Myoglobin Immobilized on Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Songqin , Ju Huangxian 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe direct electron transfer between immobilized myoglobin (Mb) and colloidal gold modified carbon paste electrode was studied. The Mb immobilized on the colloidal gold nanoparticles displayed a pair of redox peaks in 0.1 M pH 7.0 PBS with a formal potential of –(0.108 ± 0.002) V (vs. NHE). The response showed a surface‐controlled electrode process with an electron transfer rate constant of (26.7 ± 3.7) s −1 at scan rates from 10 to 100 mV s−1 and a diffusion‐controlled process involving the diffusion of proton at scan rates more than 100 mV s−1. The immobilized Mb maintained its activity and could electrocatalyze the reduction of both hydrogen peroxide and nitrite. Thus, the novel renewable reagentless sensors for hydrogen peroxide and nitrite were developed, respectively. The activity of Mb with respect to the pseudo peroxidase with a KMapp value of 0.65 mM could respond linearly to hydrogen peroxide concentration from 4.6 to 28 μM. The sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response to NO2− reduction and reached 93% of steady‐state current within 5 s. The linear range for NO2− determination was from 8.0 to 112 μM with a detection limit of 0.7 μM at 3σ.
Hydrodynamic Modulation Voltammetry with a Dual Disk Chopped Flow‐Microjet Electrode (CF‐MJE)
Authors: Simjee Nafeesa , Unwin Patrick R. , Macpherson Julie V. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractA novel form of hydrodynamic modulation voltammetry (HMV) is described, based on the periodic variation of mass transport in a microjet electrode (MJE) system, in combination with phase‐sensitive detection techniques. In the configuration developed, a jet of solution is fired from a nozzle that is aligned directly over the surface of a dual disk Pt‐Pt ultramicroelectrode (UME). The potential at each electrode is controlled separately. A rotating blade, positioned between the nozzle and the UME probe, is used to periodically interrupt flow to the electrode surface, resulting in modulation of the overall mass transfer rate between two defined extremes. The use of a dual disk UME enables two transport‐limited current signals to be recorded simultaneously, one for the analyte of interest, and the other for a ‘reference species’ (oxygen for the studies described herein). The latter current response corresponds to the variation in mass transport rate in the chopped flow (CF) arrangement and is used as the signal for phase sensitive detection of the analyte current. Studies of potassium hexachloroiridate (III) [IrCl$\rm{ {_{6}^{3-}}}$] oxidation in aqueous solution are used to demonstrate the capabilities of the technique. HMV in the CF‐MJE arrangement allows quantitative concentration measurements, down to at least 5×10−7 M.
Immobilized Cytochrome c Sensor in Organic/Aqueous Media for the Characterization of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Antioxidants
Authors: Beissenhirtz Moritz , Scheller Frieder , Lisdat Fred 
Published: October 2003

AbstractA method for the characterization of antioxidants is introduced, which allows the measurement of pure hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances as well as complex cosmetic creams. The sensor is based on cytochrome c covalently immobilized on a gold wire electrode working in mixtures of phosphate buffer and organic solvents. It is combined with a superoxide generating enzyme system. The decrease of the superoxide concentration in the test solution by the added antioxidants is detected and used for the quantification of their antioxidative efficiency. Electrochemical properties of immobilized cytochrome c, such as formal potential and heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant, have been investigated in mixtures of aqueous buffer and DMSO, methanol, butanediol, and THF. The maximum organic solvent content for quasi‐reversible electrode behavior was correlated to spectroscopic measurements. The activity of the radical producing enzyme in such media was determined and the radical generation characterized. The antioxidative properties of pure substance such as ascorbic acid and Biochanin A as well as of five anti‐ageing cosmetic creams were studied. This showed also the influence of matrix composition on the efficiency of antioxidative supplements.
Mixed‐model splines for environmental time series
Authors: Street W. Scott , Edwards Don , Feller Robert J. , Coull Bruce C. , Stancyk Stephen E. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractEleven‐year biweekly time series of larval abundance of benthic fauna in a South Carolina salt marsh reveal, in the log scale, a clear annual pattern of alternating near‐linear growth and decay. The ecological processes governing these dynamics, particularly the dramatic year‐to‐year differences in annual maxima and minima, are mysterious. Traditional time series analyses (Fourier and ARIMA methods) can in some cases adequately mimic the patterns in these series, but they do little to enhance ecological understanding because they are not meaningfully parameterized. We model these series using floating‐knot linear splines in two ways: (i) as high‐dimensional non‐linear regression models with no forced similarity from year to year; and (ii) as a hierarchical spline model placing a probability distribution on annual maxima, minima, growth rate and decay rate across years, thereby enforcing some similarity in seasonal patterns. We discuss fitting and inference under both approaches; both yield excellent fits with ecologically interpretable results that can be used to shed light on governing processes. Results of a simulation study show that the hierarchical approach can yield substantial improvements in efficiency over the non‐linear regression approach, particularly for series with low interannual variability. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.