bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Rise of the Immigrant Church
Authors: Fisher James T 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Coming on the harvest time of the year 1845, the crops looked splendid,” recalled an Irish American of a fateful moment in world history, “but one fine morning in July there was a cry around that some blight had struck the potato stalks.” Soon the “air was laded with a sickly odor of decay, as if the hand of death had stricken the potato field, and ... everything growing in it was rotten.” From 1845 until the early 1850s, every potato harvest in Ireland was afflicted by a previously unknown fungus that destroyed the only source of nourishment for most of that country’s inhabitants. At least 1 million Irish people died of starvation, and another 1.8 million sought relief by emigrating to North America. These famine migrants signaled the changing nature of America’s population in that they made up the first wave of European refugees fleeing hunger and oppression who entered the United States between the 1840s and the early 1920s.
“Why Can’t I Have What I Want?”
Authors: Hertz Rosanna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Stuck. Virtually every woman I interviewed expressed the feeling. Something conspired to disrupt the trajectory of love to marriage to children. Joy, whose story opened the prologue, pointed the finger at her demanding job and a shortage of candidates in the marriage market. She declared herself unwilling to settle for her girlfriends’ compromises: a marriage arrived at to serve other ends. Claudia, also featured in the prologue, acknowledged her tug-of-war between independence and intimacy and the difficulties it caused her in her relationships with men.
A world without men, amen?
Authors: Hertz Rosanna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Fatherlessness is a heated topic in America today. Some observers worry that fatherless families could lead to a generation of children with behavioral problems, to juvenile violence in schools, to adolescent childbearing, and to future economic malaise. The executive branch of the U.S. government has proposed marriage incentives in the belief that female-headed households might be retrofitted with provider dads.
Conclusion: What Does It Mean to Be a Good Mother?
Authors: Hertz Rosanna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
No woman in this study wants to be called a “lousy mom,” especially as her route to motherhood so easily exposes her to critique. However, unlike their coupled peers who sometimes convince themselves that intensive mothering is within their reach, these women know that being a full-time mother is simply not an option. Unable to leave the workforce, these women settle for resting the measure of motherhood not on being there every moment but on being visible at key moments and logging what many call “family time.”
Old Battles and Partial Victories (1954-1959)
Authors: D'Elia John A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
George Ladd emerged from his first major engagement with dispensationalism as one of the preeminent representatives of progressive evangelicalism. He had met Dallas Seminary-and by extension John Walvoord-on its own ground, and although he did not score a decisive victory, he survived the encounter with some distinction. But critiquing dispensationalism was not what Ladd had in mind as the focus of his career, and he was beginning even at this early date to chafe at the role in which he found himself. Ladd’s reaction was to redouble his efforts to complete his critical study of the Kingdom of God. This would be the scholarly achievement that would rescue conservative evangelicals from themselves and from irrelevance in the broader world of ideas. By 1953 Ladd was again working on his magnum opus, with the provisional title “Promise, Fulfillment and Consummation,” as well as on a series of important journal articles.
Bioeconomics of Invasive Species
Authors: Keller Reuben P , Lodge David M , Lewis Mark A , Shogren Jason F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Biological invasions are one of the strongest drivers of global environmental change, and invasive species are now often in the public discourse. At the same time, economists have begun to take a real interest in determining how invasive species interact with economic systems, and how invaders should be controlled to optimize societal welfare. Although the work from ecologists and economists have both greatly expanded our understanding of the drivers and impacts of invasions, little integration between the fields has occurred that would allow managers and policy-makers to identify the optimal expenditures on, for example, prevention and control of invasive species. Because the level of effort expended on invasive species management is intricately linked to the costs and projected benefits of that management, there is an urgent need for greater synthesis between ecology and economics. This book brings ecology and economics together in new ways to address how we deal with the dynamics and impacts of invasive species, and is the outcome of many years of collaborative research between a small group of economists and ecologists. The outcome is a clear demonstration of the utility of combining ecological and economic models for addressing critical questions in the management of invasive species.
Modeling Integrated Decision-Making Responses to Invasive Species
Authors: Lewis Mark A , Potapov Alexei B , Finnoff David C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this chapter we develop and analyze bioeconomic models for decision making in the control of invasive species. The costs associated with impacts of invasive species (chapter 1) are such that control of the invader is an option that must be considered. While designed to confer a benefit to the ecosystem and/or economy, controls also incur a cost. It is through Finding a balance between the costs and benefits of control that the optimal control policy is determined. Understanding the balance necessitates bioeconomic cost-benefit analysis.
Incarnation Anyway
Authors: Van Driel Edwin Chr. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This book raises in a new way a formerly central but recently neglected question in systematic theology: what is the divine motive for the incarnation? Throughout Christian history theologians have agreed that God's decision to become incarnate in the person of Jesus Christ was made necessary by humanity's fall from grace. If Adam and Eve had not sinned, the incarnation would not have happened. This position is known as "infralapsarian." In the 19th and 20th centuries, however, some major theological figures championed a "supralapsarian" Christology, arguing that God had always intended the incarnation, independent of "the Fall." Edwin van Driel offers the first scholarly monograph to map and analyze the full range of supralapsarian arguments. He gives a thick description of each argument and its theological consequences, and evaluates the theological gains and losses inherent in each approach. Van Driel shows that each of the three ways in which God is thought to relate to all that is not God - in creation, in redemption, and in eschatological consummation - can serve as the basis for a supralapsarian argument. He illustrates this thesis with detailed case studies of the Christologies of Schleiermacher, Dorner, and Barth. He concludes that the most fruitful supralapsarian strategy is rooted in the notion of eschatological consummation, taking interpersonal interaction with God to be the goal of the incarnation. He goes on to develop his own argument along these lines, concluding in an eschatological vision in which God is visually, audibly, and tangibly present in the midst of God's people.
Families beyond the Stereotypes
Authors: Gerson Kathleen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A child views family life from below. Literally and figuratively, children look up to their parents and other adults, drawing lessons as they grow in size and awareness. Yet the lessons they draw often differ from their caretakers’ intentions. Children are active observers, not passive absorbers of the information their social world conveys. Despite adults’ best efforts, their actions can, and often do, have unintended consequences.
The young women and men who were interviewed developed complicated and nuanced reactions to their parents’ choices. Most drew unexpected lessons for their own lives from their parents’ decisions about work, marriage, and child rearing. They often reinterpreted events and decisions that once seemed right (or wrong) in a different light as time passed and they gained a new perspective looking back. Most of all, my informants saw their homes as works in progress, not as static “forms.” In the long run, they focused on the longer-term consequences of parental choices, not on the specific form or type of home these choices produced at any one moment in time.
High Hopes, Lurking Fears
Authors: Gerson Kathleen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The children of the gender revolution face the same fateful choices as previous generations, but they must grapple with new circumstances their parents could scarcely perceive. Since marriage has become just one among many options, they must decide not only what kind of lasting intimate bond to create but whether they want one at all. Since work and family life both demand more time, they must decide how to balance earning a living with caring for others. And since gender boundaries are no longer clear, they must decide how to apportion work and family tasks. No matter what the lessons of childhood may have been, contemporary young women and men have entered uncharted territory.
Amid these uncertainties, two opposing perspectives have emerged about how young people will negotiate the future. One view sees family decline and worries that the prevalence of single parents and working mothers creates self-absorbed individualists wary of commitment and disinclined to sacrifice for others. Neoconservatives concerned about family decline share this perspective with more liberal “communitarians,” who are also concerned that modern America suffers from rising individualism and a decline of community that is draining civic participation and social cohesion.
Men’s Resistance to Equal Sharing
Authors: Gerson Kathleen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
While gender inequities may explain why young women prepare for “second best” options, men are not immune from similar concerns. The increased fragility of marriage, growing time demands and insecurities at work, and women’s rising standards for a relationship all confront men with new dilemmas of their own. Though men’s responses may differ, they also face options likely to fall short of their ideals.
Young men share women’s doubts about their chances of striking a good balance between earning and caring, but they experience this conflict in a different way. If women worry about the economic, social, and psychological risks of depending too much on someone else, men are more apprehensive about their financial ability to support others. And if women worry about having to assume the lion’s share of family caretaking whether or not they marry or have a paid job, men face rising pressures to do more at home and earn more at work if they do marry.
Exposed Waiting
Authors: Auyero Javier , Swistun Débora Alejandra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In one of the many versions of the Greek myth that have been handed to us, early in life Tiresias surprises Athena while she is taking a bath. As punishment for having seen her naked, Zeus’s daughter blinds young Tiresias but comforts him with the gift of seercraft. As Alfred Schutz reminds us in his inspiring essay “Tiresias, or Our Knowledge of Future Events,” Tiresias has the knowledge of things to come but in the present time our mythical seer can neither see what actually happens nor bring things about or prevent them. “He remains,” Schutz writes, “an impotent onlooker of the future” (1964:277).
The myth of Tiresias serves Alfred Schutz as a springboard to examine the ways in which the commonsense thinking of ordinary men and women “anticipates things to come” (281), and, more generally, to distinguish between the realm of the social world that is beyond human control and that upon which individuals can act—between “events that will occur without our interference and those to be brought about by our actions” (291).
Collective Disbelief in Joint Action
Authors: Auyero Javier , Swistun Débora Alejandra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Flammable contains many of the elements—contamination of air, water, and soil; deterioration of public hygiene; a housing crisis—of what Manuel Castells (2002:ix) calls “the dark side of the urbanization process.” In this urban dystopic world, is it possible to find a trajectory that counteracts the many misinterventions and that clarifies rather than obscures the sources and effects of poisoning? As we will describe below, we began this project with the theoretical possibility of alternative collective agency in mind. Imagining the possibility of joint action is simple but, as Peter Evans states (2002:13), “constructing a clear picture of who might exercise such agency and how is more complicated. Who are the potential agents of livability?” In this chapter we examine the neighborhood as a potential site of collective mobilization against environmental suffering.
Typically, risk frames of the kind we analyzed in previous chapters are used as an independent variable to explain the collective actions people take to protest, and protect themselves, against toxic hazards (see Tierney 1999; Brown and Mikkelsen 1990; Beamish 2001; Lerner 2005).
The Uses and Risks of Adaptation
Authors: Ehrenfeld David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When my wife Joan and I were newly married, we lived in a north Jersey suburb not far from the New York state line. Every weekday morning we drove down the Palisades Interstate Parkway to the George Washington Bridge and crossed the Hudson River to Manhattan, where I taught and Joan was a graduate student. The parkway runs along the Palisades, a magnificent, igneous bluff that flanks the west bank of the Hudson and faces, on the far shore, Yonkers, the Riverdale section of the Bronx, and Manhattan. Wooded parkland extends on both sides of the road for its entire length until just before the approach to the bridge, where many lanes of superhighway converge on the toll booths.
When Machines Replace People
Authors: Ehrenfeld David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I used to enjoy listening to the National Weather Service forecasts on my shortwave weather radio. An endlessly repeated taped message updated every few hours might be less than thrilling, but the voices of the half-dozen or so forecasters made it come alive. Each one had an weather reporters there are real humans. Every now and then, I try the weather radio again, hoping that the synthetic announcers have disappeared, but they never have. One thought consoles me, however: I can still go outdoors to see and feel what the weather is like.
Obsolescence
Authors: Ehrenfeld David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
At the end of the Cretaceous period, the last dinosaurs disappeared from the earth, setting off an evolutionary jubilee among the Milquetoastlike mammals that survived them, and preparing the ground for what was to become, sixty-five million years later, a permanent source of gainful occupation for scientists whose job it is to wonder why the dinosaurs died out. Scores of reasons have been given for this remarkable concatenation of extinctions. Global climate and sea level were changed by a city-sized asteroid striking the earth near what is now the Yucatán, or by a massive set of volcanic eruptions, or by the solar system passing through the core of a giant molecular cloud, perhaps colliding with a supercomet loosened from the Oort cluster, which orbits the Sun beyond Pluto.
Scientific Discoveries and Nature’s Mysteries
Authors: Ehrenfeld David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One of the joys of science is its steady production of wonderful discoveries. At irregular but not intolerable intervals, it throws out to the waiting world findings that add spice to a thousand morning newspapers and enliven the conversations of countless barbers and taxi drivers. Some branches of science are especially fruitful in their production of wonders: physics doles out an inexhaustible supply of elemental particles with clever, memorable names like quark. Medicine provides powerful antibiotics freshly isolated from weird sources such as exotic muds and frog skin, arraying them against an equally fresh crop of antibiotic-resistant microbes.
Strangers in Our Own Land
Authors: Ehrenfeld David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Something odd is happening in the suburbs. I’ve been vaguely aware of it for a while, but it first became clear to me during a conversation with my colleague Jim Applegate, six or seven years ago. We taught graduate field ecology together and were driving a university van full of students back from an October field trip. It was twilight, and at one point we passed a small cluster of deer grazing on a suburban lawn in a development of middle-income houses. Jim, an avid outdoorsman who feeds his family much of the time on the vegetables he grows, the fish he catches, and the game he hunts, glanced at them in passing.
Linear Algebraic Equations
Authors: Pozrikidis C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is not an exaggeration to say that the vast majority of problems in computational science and engineering are reduced to solving a system of linear algebraic equations. Depending on the appli-cation, the system size can be small, large, or huge. Small systems can be solved easily by standard methods, whereas large and huge systems require efficient algorithms. Both cases will be discussed in this chapter.
Nonlinear Algebraic Equations
Authors: Pozrikidis C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In chapter 3, we discussed numerical methods for solving systems of linear algebraic equations. The algorithms we developed provide us with a basis for solving systems of nonlinear algebraic equations discussed in this chapter. We will see that, with a few exceptions, the solution of nonlinear equations must be found by iteration, where each iteration requires solving linear equations. Our main goal is to develop methods that ensure the convergence of the iterations for a reasonable initial guess.
Numerical Integration
Authors: Pozrikidis C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Numerical computation of integrals arises in various applications of mathematical physics and engineering. In some cases, the integrals represent the cumulative action of distributed force fields and other potentials. In other applications, integrals arise from the implementation of boundary-element and finite-element methods for solving ordinary and partial differential equations, as discussed in chapters 14 and 15. An extensive arsenal of numerical methods are available for computing integrals over one-, two-, and three-dimensional domains in terms of given or a priori unknown data.
Finite-Difference Methods for the Poisson and Laplace Equations
Authors: Pozrikidis C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Poisson and Laplace equations are the steady-state versions of their inclusive unsteady diffiusion– reaction equation discussed in chapter 11, expressing physical or mathematical equilibrium. Numer-ical solutions can be found by straightforward reformulations of finite-difference methods for the unsteady diffiusion equation discussed in chapter 11, in Cartesian or curvilinear grids. The imple-mentation typically results in large systems of linear algebraic equations for the nodal values of an unknown function.
Finite-Element Methods for Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Pozrikidis C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In section 10.5, we discussed the fundamental concepts underlying the formulation and implementation of the Galerkin finite element method for ordinary diffierential equations. In this chapter, we illustrate the methodology for partial differential equations. The discourse will demonstrate one of the most powerful features of the finite element method, which is the ability to readily accommodate solution domains with arbitrary geometry.
The Decay of Civilization
Authors: Cicovacki Predrag 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We are living today under the sign of the collapse of civilization. The situation has not been produced by the war; the latter is only a manifestation of it. The spiritual atmosphere has solidified into actual facts, which again react on it with disastrous results in every respect. This interaction of material and spiritual has assumed a most unhealthy character. Just below a mighty cataract we are driving along in a current full of formidable eddies, and it will need the most gigantic efforts to rescue the vessel of our fate from the dangerous side channel into which we have allowed it to drift, and bring it back into the main stream, if, indeed, we can hope to do so at all.
Compulsive Behaviors: Mirror Checking, Grooming, Camouflaging, Dieting, and Others
Authors: Phillips Katharine A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Amanda grew up in a family where appearance didn’t really matter. “So I don’t know why I worry so much about it,” she said. “But I do.” Amanda thought that overall she looked acceptable, but disliked her hair, which she thought stuck out and “looked bizarre.” She was also overly concerned about a faint scar on her face and thought her neck was too large.
Types of Crises
Authors: Roberts Albert R , Yeager Kenneth R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Single-episode crisis events encompass a wide variety of life experiences, including natural disasters, auto accidents, surgeries, crimes, and loss of loved ones. Although single episodes may require intervention, research indicates that a single shocking event exposure need not lead to an overwhelming experience for those experiencing the event. The reason for this is the individual response to each event is based on each individual’s adaptive coping mechanisms combined with the type of event. Events involving criminal violence, where one individual inflicts trauma on another (e.g., robbery, rape, and assault), have a greater psychological impact on the victim than events such as auto accidents, surgeries, or natural disasters.
Psychophysiological Reactions to a Crisis
Authors: Roberts Albert R , Yeager Kenneth R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
An individual’s normally effective coping skills can be overwhelmed in the face of severely stressful, sudden, or unusual events. Physical and mental reactions to such events are normal and are part of the process of recovering from the stress of loss or a critical incident. The following is a list of normal reactions to a traumatic event: PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL REACTIONS TO A CRISIS 25 In addition, a period of mild to moderate depression is sometimes experienced following exposure to a stressful event or tragic loss (Kaplan & Sadock, 1998). Symptoms of depression include the following: These are normal reactions and are part of the process of recovering from a loss or critical incident stress. Although there is little anyone can do to take away these uncomfortable feelings, there are several things individuals who have experienced a crisis or stress situation can do to speed up the recovery process (Jobes & Berman, 1996; Roberts, Yeager, & Streiner, 2004; Weishaar, 2004):
Crisis Intervention With Violent Crime Victims
Authors: Roberts Albert R , Yeager Kenneth R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Within crisis intervention, there is a specific focus specifically on victimology. Victimology is the scientific study of the physical, mental, and financial harm and injury people suffer because of criminal activities. Victimologists study the prevalence of victimization, the public’s reactions to the plight of victims, the impact of the injuries and losses inflicted by offenders, and the handling of victims by the criminal justice system.