bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cellular crosstalk of macrophages and therapeutic implications in non-small cell lung cancer revealed by integrative inference of single-cell transcriptomics
Authors: Wu Lei , Xia Wenying , Hua Yiting , Fan Kun , Lu Yanfei , Wang Min , Jin Yuexinzi , Zhang Wei , Pan Shiyang 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) exhibits heterogeneity with diverse immune cell infiltration patterns that can influence tumor cell behavior and immunotherapy. A comprehensive characterization of the tumor microenvironment can guide precision medicine.Methods: Here, we generated a single-cell atlas of 398170 cells from 52 NSCLC patients, and investigated the imprinted genes and cellular crosstalk for macrophages. Subsequently, we evaluated the effect of tumor cells on macrophages and verified the expression of marker genes using co-culture experiments, flow cytometry and RT-qPCR assays.Results: Remarkable macrophage adaptability to NSCLC environment was observed, which contributed to generating tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). We identified 5 distinct functional TAM subtypes, of which the majority were SELENOP-positive macrophages, with high levels of SLC40A1 and CCL13. The TAMs were also involved in mediating CD8+ T cell activity and form intercellular interaction with cancer cells, as indicated by receptor-ligand binding. Indirect coculture of tumor cells SPC-A1 and THP-1 monocytes, produced M2-like TAMs that highly expressed several markers of SELENOP-positive macrophages. The abundance of this type TAMs seemed to be associated with poorer overall survival rates [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.98-1.83, p = 0.068] based on deconvolution of TCGA-LUAD dataset.Discussion: In summary, we provided a high-resolution molecular resource of TAMs, and displayed the acquired properties in the tumor microenvironment. Dynamic crosstalk between TAMs and tumor cells via multiple ligand-receptor pairs were revealed, emphasizing its role in sustaining the pro-tumoral microenvironment and its implications for cancer therapy.
Validation of the factor structure of the Experiences Questionnaire using Exploratory Graph Analysis
Authors: Rader Lena , Drueke Barbara , Forster Saskia Doreen , Gauggel Siegfried , Mainz Verena 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionDecentering describes the ability to shift the focus away from one’s subjective experience onto the experience itself. The Experiences Questionnaire (EQ) is a self-report measure that was developed to systematically assess changes in Decentering ability. Although several studies show the validity of the questionnaire, there are discrepancies between the factorial structure of the Decentering scale of the EQ (EQ-D) found in the initial study (one factor) and other studies (two factors). Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the dimensionality of the EQ-D using Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA).MethodsIn total, 1,100 participants were recruited online (790 female, 307 male, 3 non-binary; age 18 to 65 years). Participants completed the EQ and the Rosenberg Self-esteem scale (RSES).ResultsThe bootstrapped EGA results revealed a two-dimensional structure of the EQ-D (Factor 1: Distanced Perspective, DP; Factor 2: Accepting Self-perception, AS) with high structural and item stability (all items &gt; 0.70). The two dimensions of the EQ-D showed a high internal consistency (DP: ω = 0.74; AS: ω = 0.86) and discriminant validity with the rumination items of the EQ. Furthermore, a high convergent validity of the EQ was established, as the AS factor exhibited a significantly stronger correlation with self-esteem than the DP factor (z = 7.98, p &lt; 0.001), which aligns with theoretical considerations suggesting that the AS factor encompasses aspects of self-compassion alongside decentering. We also found measurement invariance of the DP and AS factor across age, gender and country but not for education.DiscussionThese results support the EQ’s validity, demonstrated in a larger sample with a new methodology, aligning with existing two-factor decentering models literature.
Korean adolescents’ coping strategies on self-harm, ADHD, insomnia during COVID-19: text mining of social media big data
Authors: Do Ryemi , Kim Soyeon , Lim You Bin , Kim Su-Jin , Kwon Hyerim , Kim Jong-Min , Lee Sooyeon , Kim Bung-Nyun 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionSince the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), public safety measures, including social distancing and school closures, have been implemented, precipitating psychological difficulties and heightened online activities for adolescents. However, studies examining the impact of the pandemic on adolescent mental health and their coping strategies in Asian countries are limited. Further, most studies have used survey measures to capture mental health challenges so far. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine the psychological challenges South Korean adolescents experienced and their coping strategies during the pandemic using the Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Text mining (TM) technique on adolescents’ social media texts/posts.MethodsThe data were gathered from social media texts/posts such as online communities, Twitter, and personal blogs from January 1, 2019, to October 31, 2021. The 12,520,250 texts containing keywords related to adolescents’ common psychological difficulties reported during the pandemic, including self-harm, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD), and insomnia, were analyzed by TM, NLP using information extraction, co-occurrence and sentiment analysis. The monthly frequency of the keywords and their associated words was also analyzed to understand the time trend.ResultsAdolescents used the word “self-harm” in their social media texts more frequently during the second wave of COVID-19 (August to September 2020). “Friends” was the most associated word with “self-harm.” While the frequency of texts with “Insomnia” stayed constant throughout the pandemic, the word “ADHD” was increasingly mentioned in social media. ADHD and insomnia were most frequently associated with ADHD medications and sleeping pills, respectively. Friends were generally associated with positive words, while parents were associated with negative words.ConclusionDuring COVID-19, Korean adolescents often expressed their psychological challenges on social media platforms. However, their coping strategies seemed less efficient to help with their difficulties, warranting strategies to support them in the prolonged pandemic era. For example, Korean adolescents shared psychological challenges such as self-harm with friends rather than their parents. They considered using medicine (e.g., sleeping pills and ADHD medication) as coping strategies for sleep and attention problems.
Statin for mood and inflammation among adult patients with major depressive disorder: an updated meta-analysis
Authors: Xiao Xue , Deng Hu , Li Peng , Sun Jifei , Tian Jing 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionSeveral small sample-sized clinical trials have demonstrated a beneficial effect of statin on depressive mood among major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. However, observational studies have showed the increased risk of anxiety/depression with statin treatment. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effects of statin on depressive mood and inflammation status among MDD patients.MethodsWe performed an updated meta-analysis RCTs identified in systematic searches of PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, CNKI, Wan fang, VIP, and SinoMed database (up to August 2023). The primary endpoint was the Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS). The secondary endpoints were rate of response to treatment, remission rate, levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), cognition and blood lipid. We evaluated the certainty of the evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.ResultsThe search identified seven RCTs involving 448 patients with a median follow-up of 10.4 weeks (range, 6–12 weeks). Compared with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) alone, treatment with statin plus SSRIs was associated with a significantly decreased HDRS [mean difference (MD) = −2.79; 95% confidence interval (CI): −3.83 to −1.76] and C-reactive protein (MD = −0.42 mg/L; 95% CI: −0.53 to −0.12 mg/L), and decreased levels of lipid profiles (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, statin plus SSRIs was associated with a comparable rate of treatment response [relative risk (RR) = 1.26; 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.62], remission rate (RR = 1.33; 95% CI: 0.89 to 1.99). Meta-regression indicated that the follow-up period was a source of heterogeneity regarding the HDRS (r = 0.302, P = 0.041). The quality of evidence was rated as moderate for HDRS and response rate according to the GRADE.ConclusionStatin could safely and effectively improve the symptoms of depression and inflammation status among MDD patients.Systematic review registrationhttps://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-3-0016/, identifier INPLASY2022230016.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for apathy in patients with neurodegenerative conditions, cognitive impairment, stroke, and traumatic brain injury: a systematic review
Authors: Espiritu Adrian I. , Hara Takatoshi , Tolledo Joy Kirsten , Blair Mervin , Burhan Amer M. 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundWe aimed to determine the effects and tolerability of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on apathy in patients with neurodegenerative conditions, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), stroke, and traumatic brain injury (TBI) via systematic review.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search in major electronic health databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO, covering the period from inception to June 2023. Comparative clinical trials and cohort studies, and studies with before-after designs were considered for inclusion. We used the Cochrane Risk of Bias and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) tools to assess methodological quality.ResultsOut of 258 records identified, 14 studies met our eligibility criteria (11 randomized controlled trials (RCT) and 3 studies utilized before-and-after designs) with a total of 418 patients (overall female-to-male ratio 1:1.17) included in the review. The overall methodological quality of the included studies was assessed to be fair to good. The stimulation parameters used varied considerably across the studies. The summary findings of our review indicate the following observations on the effects of rTMS on apathy: (1) the results of all included studies in Alzheimer’s disease investigating the effects of rTMS on apathy have consistently shown a positive impact on apathy; (2) the majority of studies conducted in Parkinson’s disease have not found statistically significant results; (3) a single study (RCT) on patients with primary progressive aphasia demonstrated significant beneficial effects of rTMS on apathy; (4) the trials conducted on individuals with MCI yielded varying conclusions; (5) one study (RCT) in chronic stroke suggested that rTMS might have the potential to improve apathy; (6) one study conducted on individuals with mild TBI did not find a significant favorable association on apathy; and (7) the use of different rTMS protocols on the populations described is generally safe.ConclusionThe feasibility of utilizing rTMS as a treatment for apathy has been suggested in this review. Overall, limited evidence suggests that rTMS intervention may have the potential to modify apathy among patients with AD, PPA, MCI and chronic stroke, but less so in PD and mild TBI. These findings require confirmation by larger, well-designed clinical trials.
Designing a new physical activity calorie equivalent food label and comparing its effect on caloric choices to that of the traffic light label among mothers: a mixed-method study
Authors: Seyedhamzeh Shirin , Nedjat Saharnaz , Shakibazadeh Elham , Doustmohammadian Azam , Hosseini Hedayat , Kazemi Asma , Azizolahi Nafiseh , Chamary Maryam , Clark Cain C. T. , Motlagh Ahmadreza Dorosty 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveWe designed a new type of ‘physical activity calorie equivalent’ (PACE) food label in Iran to compare its effect with that of the traffic light food label (TLL) on caloric choices.DesignMixed-method study.ParticipantsMothers of school children between the ages of 6–12 years.SettingIn the qualitative phase, 10 focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with various groups of mothers, and two FGDs were conducted with food science and nutrition experts to design a new PACE label. In the quantitative phase, 496 mothers were randomly assigned to five groups: (1) no nutrition label, (2) current TLL, (3) current TLL + educational brochure, (4) PACE label, and (5) PACE label + brochure. Samples of dairy products, beverages, cakes, and biscuits were presented. ANOVA and multiple linear regressions were applied to examine the association between label types and calories of the selected products as our main outcome.ResultsThe mothers’ perspectives were classified into two sub-themes, the PACE label’s facilitators and barriers. The new PACE label’s characteristics were divided into two subcategories: (a) appearance, and (b) nutritional information, including 14 codes. In the quantitative section, mean calories of the selected foods were lowest in the TLL + brochure group (831.77 kcal; 95% CI: 794.23–869.32), and highest in the PACE label group (971.61; 95% CI: 926.37–1016.84).ConclusionThe new PACE label was a combination of PACE, TLL, and warning labels. It did not significantly affect lower caloric choice, however, the TLL + brochure option was effective in choosing foods with fewer calories.Clinical trial registration: The study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials 23 (IRCT20181002041201N1).
Contraceptive use and discontinuation among women aged 15–24 years in Kenya
Authors: Kungu Wambui 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe 15–24-year-old age group of young women make up about 15% of the population of 47 million Kenyans which comes to 7 million. Addressing the reproductive health goals of this cohort is thus a policy priority because of the high potential they pose for unintended pregnancy through incorrect and intermittent use of contraception.ObjectiveThe study sought to present evidence on contraceptive use among women aged 15–24 in Kenya between 2012 and 2014 using Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS) 2014 Contraceptive calendar data and make recommendations on enhancing the correct and consistent use of contraception.MethodologyThe data used was obtained from the Choices and Challenges tool developed by Population Reference Bureau (PRB) and visualized innovatively using Sankey Diagrams that show contraceptive use/non-use, continuation, switching/discontinuation, and pregnancy.ResultsThe use of contraceptives went up by about 30% during the study period while the use of modern methods went up by 83%. The uptake of Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC) went up by 87% while that of Short Acting Methods (SAM) went up by 70% but the progress was clouded by discontinuation rates of 35% with side effects being the leading reason for the abandonment of contraception.ConclusionFor Kenya to achieve transformative results in ending the unmet need for contraception and preventable maternal deaths, it is critical to sustaining the current gains in contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) by promoting the retention of youth users and encouraging new users.
Development and testing of the Sleep Health And Wellness Questionnaire (SHAWQ) in adolescents and university students: composite SHAWQ scores are associated with sleep problems, depression symptoms, and academic performance
Authors: Loke Yng Miin , Lim Samantha , Rukmini A. V. , Chen Patricia , Wang John C. K. , Gooley Joshua J. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionSleep problems frequently arise during adolescence and early adulthood and may contribute to the onset of depression. However, few sleep health instruments have been developed for use in student populations. Here, we developed a brief sleep health questionnaire for identifying adolescents and university students with sleep problems who may be at risk of depression.MethodsIn Study 1, sleep survey data in adolescents (n = 1,733) were analyzed by best-subsets regression to identify the strongest predictors of self-reported depression symptoms: sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, self-rated health, frequency of staying up until 3:00 am, school day sleep latency, and gender. A 6-item Sleep Health And Wellness Questionnaire (SHAWQ) was developed using these items. Students were categorized into good, fair, and bad sleep health groups based on their composite SHAWQ scores. In Study 2, the SHAWQ was tested in adolescents (n = 1,777) for associations with depression symptoms and excessive daytime sleepiness. In Study 3, the SHAWQ was tested in university students (n = 2,040) for convergent validity with instruments for measuring sleep quality and insomnia severity, and for associations with major depressive disorder symptoms and anxiety disorder symptoms. Test-retest reliability was determined in a subset of 407 students who re-took the SHAWQ several weeks later. In Study 4, we tested whether SHAWQ scores in university freshmen (cohort 1, n = 1,529; cohort 2, n = 1,488) were prospectively associated with grade point average (GPA) over their first year.ResultsAcross studies, SHAWQ scores were associated with higher depression and anxiety scores, excessive daytime sleepiness, lower sleep quality scores, and higher insomnia severity scores, demonstrating good convergent validity. Associations of SHAWQ scores with depression symptoms were stronger compared with anxiety symptoms. SHAWQ scores showed moderate test-retest reliability. Large effect sizes were observed for bad vs. good sleep health for all sleep and mental health variables. In both cohorts of university freshmen, students with bad sleep health had lower academic performance based on their GPA and percentile rank.ConclusionOur findings suggest that the SHAWQ could be used to screen for students in their teens and twenties with bad sleep health who would benefit from counseling for sleep and mental health.
Age-Specific Quantification of Overweight/Obesity Risk Factors From Infancy to Adolescence and Differences by Educational Level of Parents
Authors: Börnhorst Claudia , Ahrens Wolfgang , De Henauw Stefaan , Hunsberger Monica , Molnár Denéz , Moreno Luis A. , Russo Paola , Schreuder Anton , Sina Elida , Tornaritis Michael , Vandevijvere Stefanie , Veidebaum Thomas , Vrijkotte Tanja , Wijnant Kathleen , Wolters Maike 
Published: November 2023

Objectives: To explore the age-dependent associations between 26 risk factors and BMI in early life, and differences by parental educational level.Methods: Data of 10,310 children (24,155 measurements) aged 2–16 years participating in a multi-centre European cohort from 2007 to 2014 were utilized. Trajectories of overweight/obesity risk factors and their age-specific associations with BMI were estimated using polynomial mixed-effects models.Results: Exposure to most unfavourable factors was higher in the low/medium compared to the high education group, e.g., for PC/TV time (12.6 vs. 10.6 h/week). Trajectories of various risk factors markedly changed at an age of 9–11 years. Having a family history of obesity, maternal BMI, pregnancy weight gain and birth weight were positively associated with BMI trajectories throughout childhood/adolescence in both education groups; associations of behavioural factors with BMI were small. Parental unemployment and migrant background were positively associated with BMI in the low/medium education group.Conclusion: Associations of risk factors with BMI trajectories did not essentially differ by parental education except for social vulnerabilities. The age period of 9–11 years may be a sensitive period for adopting unfavourable behaviours.
Assessment of the Geographic Origin of Romanian Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Landraces Using Molecular Markers and Morphological Traits
Authors: Galan Paula-Maria , Leti Livia-Ioana , Strajeru Silvia , Petrescu Denisa-Elena , Cimpeanu Mirela-Mihaela , Tanasa Alina-Carmen , Sandru Dan-Marius , Gorgan Dragos-Lucian 
Published: November 2023

The extreme weather that humanity has been confronting in recent years is the result of climate change. All over the world, unknown plant species are disappearing daily, which humankind has not discovered and will never know. Since 1900, the angiosperms and gymnosperms have been disappearing at a frequency of three species per year, but it is worrying that this rate of disappearance is up to 500 times higher currently. These data, correlated with the information provided by the United Nations (the world population will reach 10 billion by the year 2050) and FAO (food insecurity and the decrease of feedstock) lead to a crucial need to conserve and study plant germplasm. Therefore, plant germplasm conserved, especially in gene banks, can represent an important source for the development of varieties with an increased resistance to abiotic stress factors. Considering the origin of the current species of Phaseolus vulgaris L. as being in two distinct centers with different gene pools (Andean and Mesoamerica), the aim of the article is to infer the ancestry of 27 landraces according to their sampling geographical origin and morphological and molecular traits based on DNA sequences of three genes associated with abiotic stress tolerance (drought and thermal stress): PvREB5A, PvDREB6B, and PvRPS4. Phaseolus vulgaris L. has two different centers of origin: the Mesoamerican and the Andean basins. In this research, 27 landraces were evaluated from different counties in Romania. Three genes, PvREB5A, PvDREB6B, and PvRPS4, were amplified by the PCR reaction, sequenced by the Sanger technique, and the data obtained were analyzed using MEGA XI software. For morphological data, the GraphPad Prism 9 software was used. According to PvDREB5A, 81.5% of all studied landraces belong to the Mesoamerican gene pool and 18.5% belong to the Andean. PvDREB6B revealed a high nucleotide and amino acid diversity between the Andean and Mesoamerican genotypes compared to the other evaluated genes. Also, the PvRPS4 gene from the chloroplast genome showed one SNP within its coding region, different for those two gene pools, which is directly involved in a nonsynonymous substitution. The morphological characteristics, such as weight for 100 seeds, length, height, width, weight, seed flatness, flatness index, seed elongation, and eccentricity index were determined. European landraces of Mesoamerican origin indicated a large seed size compared to Andean genotypes. This work can be a foundation for the identification of interesting traits that establish plant adaptation to abiotic stress and conserve landraces of common beans from genetic depletion.