bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of public health legislation during the 1918–1920 Influenza pandemic in Norway
Authors: Nyborg Vibeke Narverud 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Few studies have investigated historical pandemics from a public health perspective. This paper offers new perspectives on how legislation was implemented in Norway during the 1918–1920 Influenza pandemic. We argue that despite good intentions, individual interpretations, different knowledge and level of decision-making played an important role in the use of the legislation during this Influenza pandemic. Following the 1918–1920 Influenza pandemic there were significant advancements in public health and the establishment of public health laws in Norway. Given its severity, it was expected an active involvement of health authorities at all levels in decision-making to fight the outbreak through the enforcement of health laws and regulations. This paper explores the implementation of health legislation during this pandemic, offering valuable insights from public health and legislative perspectives. Historical sources reveal a wide array of societal challenges and various levels of medical expertise among health boards across the country. The effectiveness of existing legislation depended heavily on doctors’ knowledge and the abilities of health boards. The article shows that coordinated and well established non-pharmaceutical interventions may be necessary to effectively shield the healthy from the sick during a pandemic produced by a novel pathogen.
Searching for homophony avoidance in English coronal stop deletion
Authors: Dinkin Aaron J. , Tamminga Meredith 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
It is well-known that English variable word-final coronal stop deletion (CSD) is less likely to occur when the final coronal stop instantiates the inflectional suffix -ed. It is sometimes hypothesised that the reason for this effect is to avoid the homophony between past and present tenses that would result from the suffix -ed being deleted. This reasoning suggests another hypothesis: that CSD should also be disfavoured when it would create homophony between two distinct lexical items, such as bald and ball. In this squib, we test that hypothesis on data from a corpus of Philadelphia English. We find no evidence that probability of CSD is affected by homophony avoidance between lexical items. This weakens the case that homophony avoidance is at play in disfavouring CSD in the -ed case, and may have implications for the theory of homophony avoidance in phonology in general.
Associations of polygenic scores and developmental trajectories of externalizing behaviors
Authors: Sasia A. Brooke , Jonas Katherine G. , Waszczuk Monika A. , Li James J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Polygenic scores (PGSs) have garnered increasing attention in the clinical sciences due to their robust prediction signals for psychopathology, including externalizing (EXT) behaviors. However, studies leveraging PGSs have rarely accounted for the phenotypic and developmental heterogeneity in EXT outcomes. We used the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (analytic N = 4,416), spanning ages 13 to 41, to examine associations between EXT PGSs and trajectories of antisocial behaviors (ASB) and substance use behaviors (SUB) identified via growth mixture modeling. Four trajectories of ASB were identified: High Decline (3.6% of the sample), Moderate (18.9%), Adolescence-Peaked (10.6%), and Low (67%), while three were identified for SUB: High Use (35.2%), Typical Use (41.7%), and Low Use (23%). EXT PGSs were consistently associated with persistent trajectories of ASB and SUB (High Decline and High Use, respectively), relative to comparison groups. EXT PGSs were also associated with the Low Use trajectory of SUB, relative to the comparison group. Results suggest PGSs may be sensitive to developmental typologies of EXT, where PGSs are more strongly predictive of chronicity in addition to (or possibly rather than) absolute severity.
Evaluation of spring herbicide programs during a three-year sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) cropping cycle
Authors: Wright Alice A. , Spaunhorst Douglas J. , Petrie Eric 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A limited number of herbicides and sites of action are registered for use in sugarcane in Louisiana. Repeated use of the same sites of action can lead to the evolution of herbicide resistance in weeds. Therefore, it is critical to evaluate additional sites of action to provide growers with options for rotating herbicides to reduce the risk of resistance. Topramezone, indaziflam, and a formulation including mesotrione, bicyclopyrone, atrazine, and S-metolachlor, along with more common herbicide applications (pendimethalin, and metribuzin, clomazone, and diuron), were evaluated in the spring for injury to sugarcane, weed control, sugarcane yield, and sugar yield. Of these treatments, clomazone applied with diuron was the only herbicide combination to consistently injure the crop, with injury estimates ranging from 11 to 36%, which frequently resulted in reduced sugar yield with losses between 2.3% to 24.1% of the non-treated control. In most treatments, an increase in itchgrass counts was observed between harvests, indicating that additional control strategies will be needed in fields infested with this weed. However, topramezone alone and with triclopyr was well tolerated by sugarcane, with injuries ranging from 0 to 11% two weeks after treatment. Indaziflam and combined application of mesotrione, bicyclopyrone, atrazine, and S-metolachlor injury was at or under 10% two weeks after treatment. The tolerance of sugarcane for these herbicides suggests that they can be incorporated into weed management strategies in sugarcane. These herbicides would increase the sites of action available to be applied in sugarcane and help mitigate the risk of herbicide-resistant weeds.
Algorithm Theoretical Basis for Version 3 TEMPO O2‐O2 Cloud Product
Authors: Wang Huiqun , Nowlan Caroline R. , González Abad Gonzalo , Chong Heesung , Hou Weizhen , Houck John C. , Liu Xiong , Chance Kelly , Yang Eun‐Su , Vasilkov Alexander , Joiner Joanna , Qin Wenhan , Fasnacht Zachary , Knowland K. Emma , Chan Miller Chris , Spurr Robert J. D. , Flittner David E. , Carr James L. , Suleiman Raid M. , Davis John E. , Fitzmaurice Jean A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD) describes the retrieval algorithm and sensitivities of the Version 3 cloud product derived from the spectra collected by the Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of POllution (TEMPO) instrument. The cloud product is primarily produced for supporting the retrievals of TEMPO trace gases that are important for understanding atmospheric chemistry and monitoring air pollution. The TEMPO cloud algorithm is adapted from NASA's Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) oxygen collision complex (O2‐O2) cloud algorithm. The retrieval generates effective cloud fraction (ECF) from the normalized radiance at 466 nm and generates cloud optical centroid pressure (OCP) using the O2‐O2 column amount derived from the spectral absorption feature near 477 nm. The slant column of O2‐O2 is retrieved using Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory's spectral fitting code with optimized retrieval parameters. ECF and OCP are used by TEMPO trace gas retrievals to calculate Air Mass Factors which convert slant columns to vertical columns. The sensitivities of the cloud retrieval to various input parameters are investigated.
Rhesus Cytomegalovirus-encoded Fcγ-binding glycoproteins facilitate viral evasion from IgG-mediated humoral immunity
Authors: Otero Claire E. , Petkova Sophia , Ebermann Martin , Taher Husam , John Nessy , Hoffmann Katja , Davalos Angel , Moström Matilda J. , Gilbride Roxanne M. , Papen Courtney R. , Barber-Axthelm Aaron , Scheef Elizabeth A. , Barfield Richard , Sprehe Lesli M. , Kendall Savannah , Manuel Tabitha D. , Beechwood Teresa , Nguyen Linh Khanh , Vande Burgt Nathan H. , Chan Cliburn , Denton Michael , Streblow Zachary J. , Streblow Daniel N. , Tarantal Alice F. , Hansen Scott G. , Kaur Amitinder , Permar Sallie , Früh Klaus , Hengel Hartmut , Malouli Daniel , Kolb Philipp 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encodes four viral Fc-gamma receptors (vFcγRs) that counteract antibody-mediated activation in vitro, but their role in infection and pathogenesis is unknown. To examine their in vivo function in an animal model evolutionarily closely related to humans, we identified and characterized Rh05, Rh152/151 and Rh173 as the complete set of vFcγRs encoded by rhesus CMV (RhCMV). Each one of these proteins displays functional similarities to their prospective HCMV orthologs with respect to antagonizing host FcγR activation in vitro. When RhCMV-naïve male rhesus macaques were infected with vFcγR-deleted RhCMV, peak plasma DNAemia levels and anti-RhCMV antibody responses were comparable to wildtype infections of both male and female animals. However, the duration of plasma DNAemia was significantly shortened in immunocompetent, but not in CD4 + T cell-depleted animals. Since vFcγRs were not required for superinfection of rhesus macaques, we conclude that these proteins can prolong lytic replication during primary infection by evading virus-specific adaptive immune responses, particularly antibodies.
Temperature and repeated catecholamine surges modulate regional wall motion abnormalities in a rodent takotsubo syndrome model
Authors: Zulfaj Ermir , Nejat AmirAli , Haamid Abdulhussain , Espinosa Aaron , Elmahdy Ahmed , Pylova Tetiana , Jha Sandeep , Redfors Björn , Omerovic Elmir 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Transient regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA) after stress are a hallmark of experimental and clinical Takotsubo Syndrome (TS). The mechanisms driving RWMA remain incompletely understood. This study investigates these mechanisms in a small-animal model of TS, validating the model’s complication profile, recovery dynamics, and recurrence, while assessing the predictive value of echocardiography. Male, 7-9-week-old rats underwent TS induction via isoprenaline infusion. The effects of body temperature and repeated catecholaminergic surges on RWMA were assessed using high-resolution speckle-tracking echocardiography. Complications were evaluated through ECG, autopsy, and blood gas analysis. The TS phenotype showed reduced longitudinal strain with RWMA characterized by apical end-systolic akinesia/dyskinesia, a contracting base, and a narrow transition zone, resulting in apical ballooning. RWMA originated from the apex and recovered in the opposite direction. Hyperthermia increased RWMA incidence, while hypothermia attenuated RWMA (p = 0.008). A repeated catecholamine surge exacerbated RWMA in the acute phase (p = 0.042) but not during recovery (p = 0.308), with reduced RWMA susceptibility after recovery (RR 0.45, 95%CI; 0.27–0.76). Systolic function at initial echocardiography predicted worse outcomes (odds ratio 0.73; 95%CI 0.57–0.85), and RWMA extent correlated with recovery time (Rho = 0.772). TS rats developed complications similar to patients, including heart failure, arrhythmias, and thrombus formation. This study validates the small-animal TS model by replicating patient findings, and emphasizing the importance of controlling body temperature and limiting adrenergic drug use in managing TS. RWMA analysis offers promise as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in TS, and the delayed adaptive response presents a potential pathway for therapeutic intervention.
Forest fires under the lens: needleleaf index - a novel tool for satellite image analysis
Authors: Amiri Afshin , Soltani Keyvan , Gumiere Silvio Jose , Bonakdari Hossein 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
High-resolution coniferous forest area datasets are needed to understand spatiotemporal variations in forest capacity1–3; however, separating coniferous forests from other vegetation covers remains challenging because of their similar spectral signatures4,5. Here, we propose a new spectral index called the needleleaf index to extract coniferous forest areas in North American boreal forests based on Landsat imagery at a 30-m resolution by utilizing over 24,000 Landsat images. Our analysis revealed that 25% of the total area of coniferous forests burned over the past two decades was destroyed in the 2023 wildfires. Remotely sensed observations showed that the coniferous forest area in the 2018–2023 period increased by 5.62% compared with the 1984–1991 period and decreased by 4.85% since its peak in 1992–2001. While the needleleaf index holds potential for application in coniferous forests of the taiga biome across different continents, further validation is essential to assess its reliability.
Analysis of transient overvoltages in EV charging stations due to direct lightning strikes
Authors: Moradi Ahmad , Akbari Foroud Asghar 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe proliferation in electric vehicle (EV) adoption has necessitated the rapid development of EV charging stations (EVCSs). Given their susceptibility to lightning strikes, it is crucial to guarantee the dependability and security of these stations. This research investigates the impact of lightning on EVCSs, focusing on the critical role of grounding systems. By simulating various lightning strike scenarios, the study examines the influence of factors such as grounding configuration, cable shielding, and lightning current characteristics on the induced overvoltages within EVCS components. The findings contribute to the development of robust lightning protection strategies for EVCSs, enhancing their resilience and ensuring the safe operation of EVs.
Collisional study of Hilda and quasi-Hilda asteroids
Authors: Zain P. S. , Di Sisto R. P. , Gil-Hutton R. 
Published: January 2025

Context. The Hilda asteroids are located in the outer main belt (MB) in a stable 3:2 mean-motion resonance (MMR) with Jupiter, while the quasi-Hildas have similar orbits but are not directly under the effect of the MMR. Moreover, cometary activity has been detected in quasi-Hildas.
Aims. In this study, we aim to investigate the collisional evolution of Hilda asteroids and apply it to an investigation into the cratering on asteroid (334) Chicago; we also intend to determine whether impacts between Hildas and quasi-Hildas can serve as a viable mechanism for inducing cometary activity.
Methods. Using the Asteroid Collisions and Dynamic Computation (ACDC) code, we simulated the collisional evolution of Hilda asteroids over a period of 4 Gyr. We considered three initial size-frequency distributions (SFDs) and two scaling laws for the collisional outcomes and performed a large set of simulations for each scenario, which we used to construct median SFDs of the Hilda population. We also derived an impactor SFD on asteroid (334) Chicago and used it to calculate the crater SFD on (334) Chicago. Additionally, we evaluated the sub-catastrophic impact timescale between Hilda and quasi-Hilda objects.
Results. The observed SFD of Hilda asteroids larger than 3 km is best matched by scenarios assuming that such an SFD is mostly primordial, implying minimal collisional activity over time. For smaller sizes, although unconstrained, the SFD steepens significantly due to the catastrophic fragmentation of a small number of multi-kilometre-sized bodies. We determined that the largest impactor on (334) Chicago measures a few kilometres in size, resulting in a maximum crater size of approximately 30 km. Furthermore, the slope of the crater SFD mirrors that of the initial SFD for sub-kilometric bodies. While impact events between Hildas and quasi-Hildas can induce observable activity, and although it is stochastic in nature, the timescale of such events exceeds the dynamical lifetime of quasi-Hildas, making them an unlikely primary mechanism for inducing observable activity.
The cold neutral medium in filaments at high Galactic latitudes
Authors: Kalberla P. M. W. 
Published: January 2025

Context. The H I distribution at high Galactic latitudes has been found to be filamentary and closely related to the far infrared (FIR) in caustics with coherent velocity structures. These structures trace the orientation of magnetic field lines.
Aims. Recent absorption observations with the Australian SKA Pathfinder Telescope have led to major improvements in the understanding of the physical properties of the cold neutral medium (CNM) at high Galactic latitudes. We use these results to explore how far the physical state of the CNM may be related with caustics in H I and FIR.
Methods. We traced filamentary FIR and H I structures and probed the absorption data for coincidences in position and velocity.
Results. Of the absorption positions, 57% are associated with known FIR/H I caustics, filamentary dusty structures with a coherent velocity field. The remaining part of the absorption sample is coincident in position and velocity with genuine H I filaments that are closely related to the FIR counterparts. Thus, within the current sensitivity limitations, all the positions with H I absorption lines are associated with filamentary structures in FIR and/or H I. We summarize the physical parameters for the CNM along filaments in the framework of filament velocities vfil that have been determined from a Hessian analysis of FIR and H I emission data. Velocity deviations between absorption components and filament velocities are due to local turbulence, and we determine for the observed CNM an average turbulent velocity dispersion of 2.48 < δvturb < 3.9 km s−1. The CNM has a mean turbulent Mach number of Mt = 3.4 ± 1.6 km s−1.
Conclusions. Most, if not all, of the CNM in the diffuse interstellar medium at high Galactic latitudes is located in filaments, identified as caustics with the Hessian operator.
Les humains ont-ils coévolué avec le microbiote intestinal ?
Authors: Mazel Florent 
Published: January 2025

Le microbiote intestinal joue un rôle clef pour la santé. Alors que les mécanismes qui déterminent ses effets commencent à être élucidés, son évolution est peu connue. Des questions telles que « le microbiote évolue-t-il et à quel rythme ? », « quelle est son origine ? », ou « avons-nous coévolué avec nos bactéries intestinales ? », sont peu explorées. À court terme, les microbes évoluent en réponse à des modifications de l’environnement, comme le régime alimentaire de leur hôte. Sur une échelle de temps longue, l’évolution au sein d’un individu est contrebalancée par des échanges de microbes provenant d’autres individus. Ainsi, si les microbes intestinaux ont probablement évolué dans les populations, la plupart ont une longue histoire d’échanges entre populations. Savoir si l’évolution du microbiote depuis des dizaines de milliers d’années a facilité les adaptations humaines reste une question ouverte et fondamentale.
Histoire de l’évaluation des JO d’hiver – De la valorisation des bénéfices à la minimisation du coût d’opportunité
Authors: Barget Eric 
Published: January 2025

Cet article vise à rendre compte, dans une perspective chronologique, de la manière dont les effets des Jeux Olympiques d’hiver ont été évalués. Les différents outils utilisés répondent à une problématique spécifique privilégiée à une période donnée. Du point de vue de la méthode, trois grands types d’approches sont distingués : l’analyse monocritère pouvant reposer sur l’étude d’impact économique ou l’analyse coûts-bénéfices, l’analyse multicritères dont la mise en œuvre peut être faite à court/moyen terme par le biais de tableaux de bords d’indicateurs, et à long terme au travers du concept d’héritage, et enfin l’analyse des coûts. Les différentes méthodes étudiées sont présentées dans leurs grandes lignes au travers de tableaux de synthèse, et illustrées par des exemples d’applications aux JO d’hiver. Finalement, l’article argumente que si la prise en compte des coûts, bien que récente, se développe fortement, le concept de coût d’opportunité est trop peu considéré. Il est pourtant crucial pour juger de la légitimité d’accueillir des événements aux investissements lourds tels que les JO d’hiver. L’auteur termine l’article en préfigurant un modèle d’analyse du coût d’opportunité de différentes catégories de dépenses associées aux Jeux, en investissement et en fonctionnement.
Méthodologie d’une conception d’une intervention d’éducation pour la santé orale : application aux apprentis en boulangerie-pâtisserie
Authors: Jaroof Sabah , David Soizic , Rharmaoui Salima , Craquelin Marie , Gagnayre Rémi , Soleymani Dagmar 
Published: January 2025

Des interventions en population générale, à différents âges de la vie, visent à promouvoir des comportements favorables pour prévenir les maladies bucco-dentaires. Dans le contexte spécifique du secteur de la boulangerie-pâtisserie, un surrisque lié à la présence de sucre majore l’incidence carieuse et nécessite la conception d’une intervention adaptée au contexte professionnel pour prévenir la carie du boulanger. La contribution vise la modélisation d’une conception d’éducation pour la santé orale auprès d’apprentis boulangers-pâtissiers scolarisés en centre de formation des apprentis (CFA), et ce en coopération avec leurs formateurs en CFA et leurs maîtres d’apprentissage dans une approche globale de la personne et systémique. Cette triple focale a pour objectif la création d’environnements favorables soutenant l’adoption d’habitudes de vie favorables en milieu professionnel. Deux modèles – Health Belief Model (HBM) et Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) – ont été convoqués pour construire le diagnostic éducatif relatif à l’hygiène orale des apprentis et leurs besoins individuels et collectifs pour adopter des comportements favorables et prévenir la carie du boulanger. Dans le cadre de cette réflexion théorique, le référentiel des compétences éclaire ensuite les composantes essentielles des apprentissages critiques visés (compréhension, application, identification). Enfin, grâce au modèle micro-pédagogique en milieu scolaire, le choix des habitudes favorables à la santé orale a été opéré en prenant en compte leur contrôlabilité, leur valeur et leur exigence, toutes dépendantes d’une seule condition : pouvoir accéder à un robinet d’eau. L’auto-efficacité constitue l’élément central du croisement des modèles (modèle explicatif, modèle d’action planifiée, modèle pédagogique) qui permettent de vérifier la concordance entre compétences visées et faisabilités de la modélisation des apprentissages, notamment par l’action intersectorielle. En tant que limite cette modélisation théorique souffre du fait de sa non-réalisation sur le terrain. Cependant, la modélisation d’une conception d’intervention s’avère être une étape constitutive de l’élaboration des objectifs, la création d’outils et l’évaluation post-intervention.
Superconductivity, transport properties, and electronic structure of electron-doped cuprates Ln2–xCexCuO4–δ and Nd2CuO4–yFy
Authors: Saemann-lschenko G. S. 
Published: January 2025

The structure of sintered Ln2–xCexCuO4–δ (Ln = Nd, Pr, Ce) and Nd2CuO4–yFy bulk samples was investigated by x-ray and neutron diffraction. Superconducting Nd2–xCexCuO4–δ films on single-crystalline SrTiO3 were prepared by ion beam and laser ablation. The c-axis-oriented films exhibit a strong anisotropy of Hc2(T).
Phase diagrams for different Ln and x, critical field Hc1 and Hc2 paramagnetic moments in the normal state, the negative Hall coefficient, and irreversible behavior of granular samples in a magnetic field are discussed. Photoemission experiments were performed to study the valence of the constituents, especially the trivalent state of Nd. The F-concentration was evaluated by core level spectroscopy. Measurements of crystal and magnetic structure using neutrons (Grenoble, Riso), synchrotron radiation (Hamburg), and specific heat are in progress.