bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of the immune system in liver transplantation and its implications for therapeutic interventions
Authors: Chen Guanrong , Hu Xin , Huang Yingchen , Xiang Xiaonan , Pan Sheng , Chen Ronggao , Xu Xiao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLiver transplantation (LT) stands as the gold standard for treating end‐stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma, yet postoperative complications continue to impact survival rates. The liver's unique immune system, governed by a microenvironment of diverse immune cells, is disrupted during processes like ischemia–reperfusion injury posttransplantation, leading to immune imbalance, inflammation, and subsequent complications. In the posttransplantation period, immune cells within the liver collaboratively foster a tolerant environment, crucial for immune tolerance and liver regeneration. While clinical trials exploring cell therapy for LT complications exist, a comprehensive summary is lacking. This review provides an insight into the intricacies of the liver's immune microenvironment, with a specific focus on macrophages and T cells as primary immune players. Delving into the immunological dynamics at different stages of LT, we explore the disruptions after LT and subsequent immune responses. Focusing on immune cell targeting for treating liver transplant complications, we provide a comprehensive summary of ongoing clinical trials in this domain, especially cell therapies. Furthermore, we offer innovative treatment strategies that leverage the opportunities and prospects identified in the therapeutic landscape. This review seeks to advance our understanding of LT immunology and steer the development of precise therapies for postoperative complications.
FAP deficiency enhances thermogenesis and attenuates metabolic inflammation in diet‐induced obesity
Authors: Wu Yunyun , Li Yun , Sun Miao , Yu Fangliu , Liu Hui , Xu Jingyun , Tang Xingli 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveFibroblast activation protein α (FAP) is expressed in normal adipose tissue and related to some pleiotropic metabolic regulators. However, the exact role and mechanism of FAP in obesity and related metabolic disorders are not well understood.MethodsFAP knockout mice were fed a normal diet or a high‐fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. FAP knockout mice or wild‐type mice treated with an FAP inhibitor were subjected to cold stress for 5 days.ResultsFAP deficiency protected mice against HFD‐induced obesity and obesity‐associated metabolic dysfunction, including glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperlipidemia. Notably, FAP deficiency largely reversed obesity‐induced adipose tissue macrophage accumulation and M1‐M2 imbalance in white adipose tissue (WAT). Moreover, energy expenditure was significantly higher in FAP‐deficient mice fed an HFD. Both FAP deficiency and inhibition increased cold tolerance through enhancing WAT beiging.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that FAP deficiency protects mice against diet‐induced obesity and related metabolic dysfunction. Furthermore, the protective effects are probably mediated via the promotion of WAT beiging and suppression of inflammation.image
Extracting structured information from unstructured histopathology reports using generative pre‐trained transformer 4 (GPT‐4)
Authors: Truhn Daniel , Loeffler Chiara ML , Müller‐Franzes Gustav , Nebelung Sven , Hewitt Katherine J , Brandner Sebastian , Bressem Keno K , Foersch Sebastian , Kather Jakob Nikolas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDeep learning applied to whole‐slide histopathology images (WSIs) has the potential to enhance precision oncology and alleviate the workload of experts. However, developing these models necessitates large amounts of data with ground truth labels, which can be both time‐consuming and expensive to obtain. Pathology reports are typically unstructured or poorly structured texts, and efforts to implement structured reporting templates have been unsuccessful, as these efforts lead to perceived extra workload. In this study, we hypothesised that large language models (LLMs), such as the generative pre‐trained transformer 4 (GPT‐4), can extract structured data from unstructured plain language reports using a zero‐shot approach without requiring any re‐training. We tested this hypothesis by utilising GPT‐4 to extract information from histopathological reports, focusing on two extensive sets of pathology reports for colorectal cancer and glioblastoma. We found a high concordance between LLM‐generated structured data and human‐generated structured data. Consequently, LLMs could potentially be employed routinely to extract ground truth data for machine learning from unstructured pathology reports in the future. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Interfacial properties of carbon fiber‐reinforced biobased resin composites by single fiber fragmentation, fiber push‐out, and interlaminar shear strength
Authors: Weng Panpan , Prasad Vishnu , Rao Pavan S. , O'Dowd Noel , Murphy Neal , Ivankovic Alojz , Scarselli Gennaro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe present study examines the interfacial properties of carbon fiber biobased resin composites by comparing the test methods such as the single fiber fragmentation test, fiber push‐out test, and interlaminar shear strength test. The composites were fabricated using a cold vacuum‐assisted resin infusion method for the preparation of fiber push‐out and interlaminar shear test specimens. The interfacial adhesion from the three different test methods is analyzed and compared to determine their relative effectiveness in evaluating interfacial adhesion. Plasma treatment is performed on the carbon fibers and the interfacial shear stress is evaluated by conducting the push‐out test. The surface characterization of the carbon fibers is done by scanning electron microscopy and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy to investigate the influence of the plasma treatment on the fiber surface. Plasma treatment resulted in significant improvement in the interfacial adhesion between the fiber and matrix.Highlights
Analysis and comparison of interfacial adhesion by several test methods.
Single fiber fragmentation and push‐out tests with IFSS of 40.5 and 42.2 MPa.
Plasma surface treatment improved the IFSS by 88.1%.
Surface characterization of treated and untreated fibers by SEM and XPS.
Combined histological and DNA methylome profiling approaches may provide insights into the pathophysiology of ovarian endometriomas
Authors: Maekawa Ryo , Ota Yoshiaki , Ota Ikuko , Mihara Yumiko , Takasaki Hitomi , Sato Shun , Tamura Isao , Shirafuta Yuichiro , Shinagawa Masahiro , Fujimura Taishi , Shiroshita Amon , Yoneda Toshihide , Kawamoto‐Jozaki Mai , Matsui Fuka , Taketani Toshiaki , Sugino Norihiro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo test the theory that invaginated ovarian surface epithelium and endometrial implants on the ovary form ovarian endometriomas.MethodsAdhesion sites of ovarian endometrioma on the peritoneum and consecutive ovarian endometrioma cyst wall, called non‐adhesion sites, were histologically examined. DNA methylomes of the adhesion sites, non‐adhesion sites, and blueberry spots were compared with those of ovary, endometrium, and peritoneum.ResultsThe non‐adhesion sites showed an ovarian surface epithelium‐like structure near the adhesion site, which continued to a columnar epithelium‐like structure. Calretinin staining was strong in the ovarian surface epithelium‐like structure but weak in the columnar epithelium‐like structure. Estrogen receptors were absent in the ovarian surface epithelium‐like structure, but present in the columnar epithelium‐like structure. The adhesion sites had endometrial gland‐like structures that expressed estrogen receptors. Analyses of DNA methylomes classified the non‐adhesion sites and ovaries into the same group, suggesting that ovarian endometriomas originate from the ovarian surface epithelium. The adhesion sites, blueberry spots and peritoneum were classified in the same group, suggesting that the adhesion sites and blueberry spots originate from the peritoneum.ConclusionsThe present results support the invagination theory. Ovarian endometriomas consist of invaginated ovarian surface epithelium with celomic metaplasia and endometrium implants on the peritoneum.
A Review on Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Transition Metal Oxides and their Potent Application as Supercapacitors
Authors: Sharma Pratibha , Parashar Pragati , Ghosh Debasree , Yadav Deepika , Rawat Pooja , Majumder Sudip 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPreparation of transition metal oxides and mixed metal oxides via a microwave‐assisted method that permits processes to be completed in a quicker reaction time with the formation of homogenous and well‐dispersed nanoparticles. Recently, due to the environmentally friendly nature of this technique, it has become an important approach to green chemistry. The major advantage of microwave‐assisted synthesis includes clean, fast, efficient, less time‐consuming, highly accelerated rate, high yield, and an economic method. In this review, we have discussed the process of microwave synthesis and also compared this with other synthetic methods. A discussion of transition metal oxides in groups was performed where we have discussed their synthetic route and reaction conditions along with the effect on morphology and other properties. Additionally, the application of transition metal oxides as supercapacitors was also discussed. Since then, researchers have gained a lot of interest in transition metal oxides as energy storage devices due to their low‐cost, energy efficient, long cycle life, and improved electrical, thermal, and chemical stability, variable oxidation states and excellent redox properties. However, they cannot meet the need for high‐performance energy devices due to their low conductivity.
NH4+ Pre‐Intercalation and Mo Doping VS2 to Regulate Nanostructure and Electronic Properties for High Efficiency Sodium Storage
Authors: Li Enzhi , Wang Mingshan , Hu Xi , Huang Siming , Yang Zhenliang , Chen Junchen , Yu Bo , Guo Bingshu , Ma Zhiyuan , Huang Yun , Cao Guozhong , Li Xing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSodium‐ion hybrid capacitors (SIHCs) have attracted much attention due to integrating the high energy density of battery and high out power of supercapacitors. However, rapid Na+ diffusion kinetics in cathode is counterbalanced with sluggish anode, hindering the further advancement and commercialization of SIHCs. Here, aiming at conversion‐type metal sulfide anode, taking typical VS2 as an example, a comprehensive regulation of nanostructure and electronic properties through NH4+ pre‐intercalation and Mo‐doping VS2 (Mo‐NVS2) is reported. It is demonstrated that NH4+ pre‐intercalation can enlarge the interplanar spacing and Mo‐doping can induce interlayer defects and sulfur vacancies that are favorable to construct new ion transport channels, thus resulting in significantly enhanced Na+ diffusion kinetics and pseudocapacitance. Density functional theory calculations further reveal that the introduction of NH4+ and Mo‐doping enhances the electronic conductivity, lowers the diffusion energy barrier of Na+, and produces stronger d‐p hybridization to promote conversion kinetics of Na+ intercalation intermediates. Consequently, Mo‐NVS2 delivers a record‐high reversible capacity of 453 mAh g−1 at 3 A g−1 and an ultra‐stable cycle life of over 20 000 cycles. The assembled SIHCs achieve impressive energy density/power density of 98 Wh kg−1/11.84 kW kg−1, ultralong cycling life of over 15000 cycles, and very low self‐discharge rate (0.84 mV h−1).
Nano‐omics: Frontier fields of fusion of nanotechnology
Authors: Wang Xuan , Xu Weichen , Li Jun , Shi Chen , Guo Yuanyuan , Shan Jinjun , Qi Ruogu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNanotechnology, an emerging force, has infiltrated diverse domains like biomedical, materials, and environmental sciences. Nano‐omics, an emerging fusion, combines nanotechnology with omics, boasting amplified sensitivity and resolution. This review introduces nanotechnology basics, surveys its recent strides in nano‐omics, deliberates present challenges, and envisions future growth.
Revolutionizing Lens Technology: Chitosan and Starch in Next‐Gen Ophthalmic Lenses
Authors: Aljibori Hakim S. , Shaker Lina M. , Alamiery Ahmed A. , Al‐Azzawi Waleed K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis comprehensive review explores the transformative impact of chitosan and starch in advancing ophthalmic lens technology. Derived from chitin, chitosan and starch‐based materials stand out for their exceptional biocompatibility, moisture retention, and optical clarity. The synergy between these biopolymers has unlocked new frontiers in lens design and coatings, promising elevated performance. The article scrutinizes their multifaceted applications, ranging from innovative lens materials to advanced coatings, while emphasizing their regulatory approvals and commitment to environmental sustainability. Chitosan and starch emerge as vanguards, ushering in a future marked by enhanced wearer comfort, optical clarity, and ecological responsibility. This review encapsulates their paramount significance, current applications, and exciting potential, portraying them as pioneers in shaping the next generation of state‐of‐the‐art ophthalmic lenses.
Effects of ku‐oketsu and seinetsu Kampo medicines on rosacea‐like skin symptoms induced by steroid in mice
Authors: Watanabe Natsu , Matsunaga Wataru , Gotoh Akinobu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimRosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by consistent erythema, papules, pustules, telangiectasias, and recurrent hot flashes, mainly on the cheeks, nose, and forehead. Many palliative treatment options are available for this condition; currently, no radical treatment option is available. However, improvement has been observed in some cases after the use of Kampo medicine. In this study, we aimed to analyze the effects of Jumi‐Haidokuto (JHT) and a mixture of Keishi‐Bukuryo‐gan‐ka‐Yokuinin (KBY) and JHT on steroid‐induced rosacea in mice.MethodsClobetasol propionate ointment was applied to the mice for 10 days and then the mice were provided food mixed with JHT and JHT + KBY for 28 days. Subsequently, the average velocity of capillary flow, area of the purpura, histopathologic features, and fecal metabolome were investigated.ResultsRecovery of the capillary flow velocity, reduction in the area of purpura, and restoration of the epidermal features were observed in JHT‐ and JHT + KBY‐fed mice. The improvement in circulatory disturbances observed after JHT and JHT + KBY administration might have contributed to the reduction in telangiectasias and erythema. Recovery of the skin barrier system by both Kampo medicine might be the key factor of ameliorating rosacea‐like symptoms.
Identification of a new Rsg1 allele conferring resistance to multiple greenbug biotypes from barley accessions PI 499276 and PI 566459
Authors: Xu Xiangyang , Mornhinweg Dolores , Bai Guihua , Li Genqiao , Bian Ruolin , Bernardo Amy , Armstrong J. Scott 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGreenbug [Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)] is a major insect pest that significantly affects barley production worldwide. The identification of novel greenbug resistance genes is crucial for sustainable barley production and global food security. To identify greenbug resistance genes from a US breeding line PI 499276 and a Chinese cultivar PI 566459, two F6:7 recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations developed from crosses Weskan × PI 499276 and Weskan × PI 566459 were phenotyped for responses to greenbug biotype E and genotyped using genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS). Linkage analysis using single nucleotide polymorphism and kompetitive allele‐specific polymorphism (KASP) markers delimited the greenbug resistance genes from PI 499276 and PI 566459 to a 1.2 Mb genomic region between 666.5 and 667.7 Mb on the long arm of chromosome 3H in the Morex Hordeum vulgare r1 reference sequence. Allelism tests based on responses of four F2 populations to greenbug biotype E indicated that the greenbug resistance gene in PI 499276 and PI 566459 is either allelic or very close to Rsg1. Given that PI 499276 and PI 566459 shared the same unique resistance pattern to a set of 14 greenbug biotypes, which is different from those of other Rsg1 alleles, they carry a new Rsg1 allele. The greenbug resistance genes in Post 90, PI 499276/PI 566459, and WBDC 336 were designated as Rsg1.a1, Rsg1.a2, and Rsg1.a3, respectively. KASP markers KASP‐Rsg1a3‐1, KASP‐Rsg1a3‐2, and KASP160 can be used to tag Rsg1.a2 in barley breeding.
Identification of diagnostic KASP‐SNP markers for routine breeding activities in yam (Dioscorea spp.)
Authors: Agre Paterne A. , Clark Lindsay V. , Garcia‐Oliveira Ana Luisa , Bohar Rajaguru , Adebola Patrick , Asiedu Robert , Terauchi Ryohei , Asfaw Asrat 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMaintaining genetic purity and true‐to‐type clone identification are important action steps in breeding programs. This study aimed to develop a universal set of kompetitive allele‐specific polymerase chain reaction (KASP)‐based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for routine breeding activities. Ultra‐low‐density SNP markers were created using an initial set of 173,675 SNPs that were obtained from whole‐genome resequencing of 333 diverse white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir) genotypes. From whole‐genome resequencing data, 99 putative SNP markers were found and successfully converted to high‐throughput KASP genotyping assays. The markers set was validated on 374 genotypes representing six yam species. Out of the 99 markers, 50 were highly polymorphic across the species and could distinguish different yam species and pedigree origins. The selected SNP markers classified the validation population based on the different yam species and identified potential duplicates within yam species. Through penalized analysis, the male parent of progenies involved in polycrosses was successfully predicted and validated. Our research was a trailblazer in validating KASP‐based SNP assays for species identification, parental fingerprinting, and quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA) in yam breeding programs.
Polyvinyl alcohol‐based fiber membranes with high strength and ultraviolet shielding properties for enhancing the shelf life of grapes
Authors: Gao Keying , Li Xinmei , Wang Xiaohui , Yang Rui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCurrently, the rising environmental concerns caused by nonbiodegradable food packaging materials have promoted the research and development of biodegradable alternatives. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was selected as the substrate, and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) were blended and modified with PVA, respectively. Based on the electrostatic spinning technology to prepare fiber membranes with high strength and UV blocking properties for grapes preservation. The study indicated that the tensile strength of PVA fiber membranes increased by 243% and 209% when ZnONPs and TiO2NPs were added at 1%, respectively. Under UV radiation, the PVA/ZnO composite membranes exhibited superior UV absorption than the PVA/TiO2 composite membranes. After conducting TG tests, it was found that the addition of ZnONPs decreased the thermal stability of the fiber membranes, while TiO2NPs could improve the thermal stability. Both composite membranes could extend grapes' shelf life, but the PVA/ZnO composite membranes were more effective at maintaining freshness than the PVA/TiO2 composite membranes.
Hydrothermal aging of glass fiber epoxy‐carbon nanocomposites and its service life predictions based on tensile strength
Authors: B M Madhu , Aradhya Rashmi , J. Sundara Rajan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the hydrothermal aging of pultruded glass‐fiber reinforced epoxy nanocomposite rods with carbon nanofillers. The nanocomposites developed in this study are proposed for the core of high‐tension low‐sag conductors in power transmission. Nanocomposites were fabricated with a nanomodified matrix containing 0.2 wt.% of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes and 0.6 wt.% of graphene nanoplatelets. The epoxy nanocomposites tensile strength and life predictions were determined under different water aging conditions. Objective of the study is to evaluate the water absorption kinetics and its impact on tensile strength, microstructure and to compute the service life under hydrothermal aging by predictive techniques. Nanocomposites were aged in water at 30, 50, and 80°C for a duration of 3000 h, and the microstructure and chemical composition were investigated. Based on Arrhenius's theory, a service life prediction model based on the tensile‐strength of the nanocomposite is established for hydrothermal aging. The results have shown that the addition of carbon nanofillers to the epoxy matrix improves the hydrophobicity and reduces the water diffusion coefficient. Water absorptions of the nanocomposites are observed to follow Fick's law, and its influence on the mechanical properties of the nanocomposite is evident and is more significant in epoxy composites without carbon nanofillers. After 3000 h of immersion at 50 and 80°C, the tensile strength retention is above 85%. The hydrothermal environment accelerates the development of micro‐voids and cracks, which are initially formed and observed to be the primary reason for the degradation in mechanical strength under service conditions, in addition to debonding of the fibers.Highlights
Carbon nanocomposites were aged at different temperatures and durations.
Service life prediction model established based on Arrhenius's theory.
Addition of carbon nanofillers enhances hydrophobicity and reduces water diffusion.
Tensile strength retention above 85% after 3000 h of aging.
Hydrothermal aging accelerates aging contributing to strength degradation.
Appropriate patient population for future visual system axon regeneration therapies
Authors: Bhattacharya Sanjoy K. , Alabiad Chrisfouad Raif , Kishor Krishna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA number of blinding diseases caused by damage to the optic nerve result in progressive vision loss or loss of visual acuity. Secondary glaucoma results from traumatic injuries, pseudoexfoliation or pigmentary dispersion syndrome. Progressive peripheral vision loss is common to all secondary glaucoma irrespective of the initial event. Axon regeneration is a potential therapeutic avenue to restore lost vision in these patients. In contrast to the usual approach of having the worst possible patient population for initial therapies, axon regeneration may require consideration of appropriate patient population even for initial treatment trials. The current state of axon regeneration therapies, their potential future and suitable patient population when ready is discussed in this perspective. The selection of patients are important for adoption of axon regeneration specifically in the areas of central nervous system regenerative medicine.This article is categorized under:
Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology
Neurological Diseases > Biomedical Engineering
Metabolic Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology