bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transertion and cell geometry organize theEscherichia colinucleoid during rapid growth
Authors: Spahn Christoph , Middlemiss Stuart , Gómez-de-Mariscal Estibaliz , Henriques Ricardo , Bode Helge B. , Holden Séamus , Heilemann Mike 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBacterial chromosomes are spatiotemporally organized and sensitive to environmental changes. However, the mechanisms underlying chromosome configuration and reorganization are currently not fully understood. Using 3D single-molecule localization microscopy and live-cell imaging, we show that theEscherichia colinucleoid adopts a condensed, membrane-associated configuration during rapid growth. To study the influence of different biosynthetic processes on nucleoid morphology and positioning, we recorded multi-colour super-resolution images during drug treatment. After developing analysis routines for confocal and super-resolution images, we captured highly resolved snapshots which revealed the complete loss of the membrane-bound state of the nucleoid within 10 minutes of halting transcription and translation. This indicates an active role of transertion (coupled transcription, translation and membrane insertion) in nucleoid organization. In contrast, cell wall synthesis inhibition only affects nucleoid organization during morphological changes. Further, we provide evidence that theE. colinucleoid spatially correlates with MreB in unperturbedE. colicells, while this correlation diminishes in cells with changed cell geometry or upon inhibition of protein biosynthesis. Replication inhibition experiments, as well as multi-drug treatments highlight the role of entropic effects and transcription in nucleoid condensation and positioning. In summary, we provide experimental evidence for transertion as a principal organiser of the bacterial nucleoid, and show that an altered metabolic state and antibiotic treatment both lead to major changes in the degree of transertion and overall spatial organization of the nucleoid. Our high-resolution characterization reveals dynamics of antibiotic action and provides tools to quantify bacterial chromosome organization. This does not only provide valuable insights into the role of transertion, but can also be applied to study other cell-biological processes.
DSIF factor Spt5 coordinates transcription, maturation and exoribonucleolysis of RNA polymerase II transcripts
Authors: Kuś Krzysztof , Carrique Loic , Kecman Tea , Fournier Marjorie , Hassanein Sarah Sayed , Aydin Ebru , Kilchert Cornelia , Grimes Jonathan M. , Vasiljeva Lidia 
Published: October 2023

SUMMARYThe timely termination of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcription is critical for polymerase recycling and preventing interference with the expression of the neighbouring genes. Termination of Pol II transcription involves exoribonucleolytic decay of the nascent RNA by 5’-3’ exonuclease Xrn2. Xrn2 attacks the 5’-PO4-end and executes degradation of the nascent RNA generated by the endonucleolytic cleavage at the poly(A) site which eventually leads to Pol II release from DNA. However, the molecular details of when and how during this process Xrn2 interacts with the Pol II elongation complex to mediate its dissociation from DNA is not understood. Here, we demonstrate that Xrn2 interacts with Pol II and Spt5, a conserved transcription factor that controls Pol II processivity and pausing. Importantly, Xrn2 activity is stimulated by Spt5in vitroand Spt5-depleted cells show defective transcription termination. Our results support a model where Xrn2 first forms a stable complex with the elongating Pol II to acquire its full activity in degrading nascent RNA. Spt5 also promotes premature termination attenuating the expression of non-coding transcripts. By contrast, Spt5 depletion leads to Pol II retention at promoters of protein-coding genes. Pol IIs that transcribe into a gene body in the absence of Spt5 exhibit severely reduced elongation rates and defective pre-mRNA processing. We propose that Spt5 plays a major role in the production of functional mRNA by directly stimulating the activity of the RNA enzymes and preventing entry of Pol II complexes not configured to support transcription and pre-mRNA processing into elongation.
Diffusion MRS tracks distinct trajectories of neuronal development in the cerebellum and thalamus of rat neonates
Authors: Ligneul Clémence , Qiu Lily , Clarke William T , Jbabdi Saad , Palombo Marco , Lerch Jason P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIt is currently impossible to non-invasively assess cerebellar cell structure during early development. Here we propose a novel approach to non-invasively and longitudinally track cell-specific development using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance spectroscopy in combination with microstructural modelling. Tracking metabolite diffusion allows us to probe cell-specific developmental trajectories in the cerebellum and thalamus of healthy rat neonates from post-natal day (P) 5 to P30. Additionally, by comparing different analytical and biophysical microstructural models we can follow the differential contribution of cell bodies and neurites during development. The thalamus serves as a control region to assess the sensitivity of our method to microstructural differences between the regions. We found significant differences between cerebellar and thalamic metabolites diffusion properties. For most metabolites, the signal attenuation is stronger in the thalamus, suggesting less restricted diffusion compared to the cerebellum. There is also a trend for lower signal attenuation and lower ADCs with increasing age, suggesting increasing restriction of metabolite diffusion. This is particularly striking for taurine in the thalamus. We use biophysical modelling to interpret these differences. We report a decreased sphere fraction (or an increased neurite fraction) with age for taurine and total creatine in the cerebellum, marking dendritic growth. Surprisingly, we also report a U-shape trend for segment length (the distance between two embranchments in a dendritic tree) in the cerebellum agreeing with age-matching morphometry of openly available 3D-Purkinje reconstructions. Results demonstrate that diffusion-weighted MRS probes early cerebellar neuronal development non-invasively.
Vitamin auxotrophies shape microbial community assembly in the ocean
Authors: Gregor Rachel , Vercelli Gabriel T. , Szabo Rachel E. , Gralka Matti , Reynolds Ryan C. , Qu Evan B. , Levine Naomi M. , Cordero Otto X. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMicrobial community assembly is governed by trophic interactions that mediate the transfer of carbon sources and biomass building blocks between species. However, central metabolism corresponds to only a small fraction of the biosynthetic potential of microbes: metabolites such as antimicrobial compounds, signaling molecules, and co-factors are underexplored forces shaping microbial communities. Here, we focus on B vitamin exchange in coastal marine bacterial communities that degrade particulate organic matter and find that natural seawater communities are vitamin limited. While almost a third of bacterial isolates from these communities are B vitamin auxotrophs, the pioneering degraders that first arrive on particles are vitamin producers that likely support auxotrophs through cross-feeding. However, combining experiments and a resource-explicit model, we show that auxotroph growth is often not restored by coculture with vitamin producers, but rather requires lysis and subsequent vitamin recycling. Our results highlight the importance of vitamin auxotrophies and lysis-mediated cross-feeding as important factors controlling microbial community assembly and succession on marine particles.
Validation of measurement scales for undergraduate students' self-perceived employability and university commitment in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Shomotova Aizhan , Ibrahim Ali 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to validate the psychometric properties of the Self-Perceived Employability Scale in the context of the United Arab Emirates (UAE-SPE) and to verify the model fit of the UAE-SPE and University Commitment Scale (UC) (Rothwell et al., 2008) for undergraduate students.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey study was carried out to collect the data using a web-based survey tool (Qualtrics) at a public university in the UAE. The sample was 646 undergraduate students.FindingsAs a result of the factor analysis, the study validated three factors of SPE for undergraduate students in the UAE that explain their perceptions of their university reputation, their field of study, the state of the UAE labour market and confidence in their skills. Confirmatory factor analysis verified good model fit indices of UAE-SPE and the UC scale. In addition, the study found a statistically significant positive relationship between the UC scale and the three factors of UAE-SPE.Originality/valueCurrently, there is a scarcity of published research on self-perceived employability amongst undergraduate students in higher education institutions in the UAE and the Arab region. This article not only contributes to research on this topic but also validates two scales, allowing cross-cultural comparisons of SPE and UC of undergraduate students in the Arab region and worldwide.
Thermal properties of multi-layered seamed fabrics under wet state
Authors: Garg Samridhi , Midha Vinay Kumar , Sikka Monica 
Published: October 2023

PurposeIn experiments utilising sweat solution and distilled water, seamed ensembles performed less thermally efficiently than unseamed fabrics.Design/methodology/approachWater may not accurately reflect perspiration when testing multi-layered clothes for thermal comfort in wet state. Most researchers used water or sodium chloride (NaCl) to measure wet state thermal comfort. However, human perspiration is an extremely complex mixture of aqueous chemicals, including minerals, salts, lipids, urea and lactic acid. This study compares the effects of simulated sweat solution to distilled water on the thermal behaviour of a multi-layered fabric assembly with different seam patterns.FindingsExperiment results show that stitching decreases thermal resistance and thermal conductivity. Seam pattern of 10 cm diagonal spacing is more thermally resistant than 2.5 cm diagonal spacing. In comparison to that of simulated sweat, fabric that has been moistened with distilled water exhibits increased thermal conductivity. Hollow polyester wadding or micro polyester wadding as the intermediate layer exhibits greater thermal resistance than multi-layered construction with spacer fabric as middle layer.Originality/valueThis study considers human perspiration while designing protective clothing for wet thermal comfort.
The supportive side of organisational socialisation: how it boosts employee commitment
Authors: Awwad Mohammad Suleiman , Abuzaid Ahmad Nasser , Al-Okaily Manaf , Alqatamin Yazan Mohammad 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of organisational socialisation tactics, namely, context-based, content-based and social-based tactics, on affective commitment by the mediating role of perceived organisational support.

Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative study was conducted using a judgmental sample of 119 newcomers with one-year experience or less in Jordanian small and medium-sized enterprises. The collected data were analysed using bootstrapped procedure by the partial least squares-structural equation modelling.

Findings
The empirical results show that perceived organisational support plays a crucial role in mediating the relationships between socialisation tactics and affective commitment. Specifically, both social-based tactics and content-based tactics have a significant indirect effect on affective commitment through perceived organisational support. However, context-based tactics do not directly or indirectly influence affective commitment or perceived organisational support significantly.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first studies in the Jordanian context that investigate the relationship between organisational socialisation and affective commitment by the mediating role of perceived organisational support, thus adding originality to the existing literature. Furthermore, this study contributes to the scholarly debate on the relationship between socialisation and outcomes.
Searching for Swedish LGBTQI fiction: the librarians' perspective
Authors: Golub Koraljka , Bergenmar Jenny , Humelsjö Siska 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThis article aims to help ensure high-quality subject access to Swedish lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersexual (LGBTQI) fiction, and aims to identify challenges that librarians consider important to address, on behalf of themselves and end users.Design/methodology/approachA web-based questionnaire comprising 35 closed and open questions, 22 of which were required, was sent via online channels in January 2022. By the survey closing date, 20 March 2022, 82 responses had been received. The study was intended to complement an earlier study targeting end users.FindingsBoth this study of librarians and the previous study of end users have painted a dismal image of online search services when it comes to searching for LGBTQI fiction. The need to consult different channels (e.g. social media, library catalogues and friends), the inability to search more specifically than for the broad LGBTQI category and suboptimal search interfaces were among the commonly reported issues. The results of these studies are used to inform the development of a dedicated Swedish LGBTQI fiction database with an online search interface.Originality/valueThe subject searching of fiction via online services is usually limited to genre with facets for time and place, while users are often seeking characteristics such as pacing, characterization, storyline, frame/setting, tone and language/style. LGBTQI fiction is even more challenging to search because indexing practices are not really being standardized or disseminated worldwide. This study helps address this important gap, in both research and practical applications.
The effect of auditors’ work stress and client participation on audit quality in the COVID-19 era
Authors: Asnaashari Hamideh , Safarzadeh Mohammad Hossein , Kheirollahi Atousa , Hashemi Sadaf 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the relationship between auditors’ work stress and client participation with audit quality (AQ).

Design/methodology/approach
This study is a descriptive-survey type and the data were collected through a questionnaire distributed online. The statistical population consisted of auditors working in audit firms in Iran and the sample was selected using a random sampling method. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.

Findings
The findings of this study suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the negative relationship between auditors’ work stress and AQ. In addition, the results indicate that client participation in the audit process did not significantly impact AQ during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Originality/value
Given the global and widespread impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals’ lives and work settings, this study provides an opportunity to explore the challenges auditors face concerning health protocols and their well-being during the pandemic, specifically within the context of Iran. The unique circumstances of the pandemic have placed additional pressure on auditors to navigate and address the challenges arising from COVID-19 in their workplaces. Although research on the effects of the pandemic on accounting and auditing is ongoing, this study contributes to the literature by expanding our understanding of the specific implications and circumstances faced by auditors during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Can sharing social-media contents associated with politics influence knowledge management in organizations?
Authors: Kurniawan Achmad Wildan , Sumartias Suwandi , Priyatna Soeganda , Suryadi Karim , Sumarliah Eli 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThis study seeks to comprehend if political exposure containing disapproval and different values will affect implicit knowledge sharing (KS) amongst colleagues in the organization. This research examines participants' responses to a colleague's social-media political exposure and their readiness to perform implicit KS to their colleague.Design/methodology/approachData collection uses an online questionnaire and a vignette approach. Subsequently, data analysis for 316 finished surveys employs structural equation modelling-partial least squares (SEM-PLS).FindingsThe findings show that the perceived-value similarity of political posts of a colleague significantly and indirectly affects workers' readiness to do implicit KS. Besides, likes and trusts also significantly affect workers' readiness to perform implicit KS. While perceived-value similarity strongly shapes likes, likes significantly and positively affect trusts.Originality/valueSharing social-media postings associated with political exposure can hinder the implicit KS in organizations and is understudied in the field of knowledge management. Especially, unlike this study which focuses on private companies, previous studies have paid more attention to public enterprises. Besides, this paper's empirical verification is obtained from private organizations in Indonesia, which is also neglected by scholars.
Elastic properties of unconsolidated sandstones of interest for carbon storage
Authors: Sayers Colin M. , Dasgupta Sagnik 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUnconsolidated sandstones are attractive targets for underground storage of carbon due to their high porosity and permeability. Monitoring of injection and movement of CO2 in such formations using elastic waves requires an understanding of the acoustic properties of the sandstone. Current approaches often use the so‐called soft‐sand model in which a Hertz–Mindlin model of the acoustic properties at high porosity is mixed with the acoustic properties of the mineral phase to predict the acoustic properties over the entire porosity range. Using well‐log data from two unconsolidated sand formations of interest for CO2 storage, we discuss the limitations of this model and provide an alternative approach in which the mechanical properties of grain contacts are obtained by inversion, and the properties of infill material lying within the pore space are estimated. The formations considered are the Paluxy Formation in Kemper County, Mississippi, and the Frio Formation near Houston, Texas. The ratio of the normal to shear compliance of the grain contacts is found to be significantly less than unity for both formations. This implies that the grain contacts are more compliant in shear than in compression. However, the grain contact compliance is higher and the ratio of the normal to shear compliance is lower for the Frio example than for the Paluxy case, and this may lead to sliding at grain contacts with low shear compliance and transport of grains during fluid flow, particularly if CO2 acts to weaken any cement that may be present at the grain contacts. Such transport was suggested by Al Hosni et al. in explaining why the magnitude of the time‐lapse effect due to the injection of CO2 at the Frio CO2 injection site is greater than predicted using conventional rock physics models. A simple model of the mechanical properties of infill material lying within the pore space suggests that the bulk and shear moduli of infill material in the Paluxy case are significantly higher than the Frio case, consistent with the lower grain contact compliance in the Paluxy case.
Assessing an innovative method to promote learning from patient narratives: Findings from a field experiment in ambulatory care
Authors: Shaller Dale , Nembhard Ingrid , Matta Sasmira , Grob Rachel , Lee Yuna , Warne Emily , Evans Richard , Dicello Daniel , Colon Maria , Polanco Annery , Schlesinger Mark 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess whether an online interactive report designed to facilitate interpretation of patients' narrative feedback produces change in ambulatory staff learning, behavior at the individual staff and practice level, and patient experience survey scores.Data Sources and SettingWe studied 22 ambulatory practice sites within an academic medical center using three primary data sources: 333 staff surveys; 20 in‐depth interviews with practice leaders and staff; and 9551 modified CG‐CAHPS patient experience surveys augmented by open‐ended narrative elicitation questions.Study DesignWe conducted a cluster quasi‐experimental study, comparing 12 intervention and 10 control sites. At control sites, narratives were delivered free‐form to site administrators via email; at intervention sites, narratives were delivered online with interactive tools for interpretation, accompanied by user training. We assessed control‐versus‐intervention site differences in learning, behavior, and patient experience scores.Data CollectionStaff surveys and interviews were completed at intervention and control sites, 9 months after intervention launch. Patient surveys were collected beginning 4 months pre‐launch through 9 months post‐launch. We used control‐versus‐intervention and difference‐in‐difference analyses for survey data and thematic analysis for interview data.Principal FindingsInterviews suggested that the interface facilitated narrative interpretation and use for improvement. Staff survey analyses indicated enhanced learning from narratives at intervention sites (29% over control sites' mean of 3.19 out of 5 across eight domains, p < 0.001) and greater behavior change at staff and practice levels (31% and 21% over control sites' means of 3.35 and 3.39, p < 0.001, respectively). Patient experience scores for interactions with office staff and wait time information increased significantly at intervention sites, compared to control sites (3.7% and 8.2%, respectively); however, provider listening scores declined 3.3%.ConclusionsPatient narratives presented through structured feedback reporting methods can catalyze positive changes in staff learning, promote behavior change, and increase patient experience scores in domains of non‐clinical interaction.