bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of Anticoagulation Use and All-Cause of Mortality in Cancer Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Han Xu , Yang Xiaolei , Hidru Tesfaldet H. , Wang Chengfang , Xia Yunlong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
There is uncertainty regarding the clinical benefit of anticoagulant (AC) treatment in patients with cancer with atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to evaluate the distribution and patterns of AC use and its impact on all-cause mortality in cancer patients with AF.

Methods:
A total of 1,653 patients with cancer diagnosed with AF were included in this retrospective cohort analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify the clinical predictors of anticoagulant prescription. Kaplan–Meier curve with a log-rank test was used to compare the probability of survival between the AC and non-AC groups. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were implemented to evaluate the influences of various variables on all-cause death.

Results:
Of 1,653 patients with cancer with AF, 971 (58.7%) did not receive a prescription for AC. Among patients with CHA2DS2-VASC ≥2 in men or ≥3 in women and HAS-BLED &lt;3, 56.5% were not prescribed AC. Rivaroxaban and warfarin are more frequently used than dabigatran, mainly in patients with lung and breast cancer. Over a median follow-up of 36 months, 776 deaths were identified. The Kaplan–Meier curve suggested that patients with AC prescriptions had better clinical outcomes. On multivariate Cox proportional risk regression analysis, AC prescription was significantly associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 0.78; 95% confidence interval, 0.66–0.91; P = 0.002).

Conclusions:
The prescription of anticoagulants in patients with cancer with AF was suboptimal. AC prescription at discharge was associated with a decreased risk of all-cause mortality.

Impact:
This study highlights the importance of AC prescriptions in patients with cancer with AF.
The Need for Rabbinic Nomikoi: A Response to Yair Furstenberg
Authors: Czajkowski Kimberley 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Yair Furstenberg, in his article “The Rabbinic Movement from Pharisees to Provincial Jurists” (DOI: 10.1163/15700631-bja10070), draws parallels between the rise of the rabbinic movement and jurists in other Eastern provinces of the Roman Empire. This response considers how far we may push the comparison, especially with regard to the stimuli behind the changes in rabbinic activities that Furstenberg posits.
The Triple Helix Model and Working with Loet Leyesdorff
Authors: Lawton Smith Helen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article is a reflection on the enormous debt that I owe Loet for his kindness, generosity and intellectual mentorship. This is over a period of some twenty years. Loet also became part of the Centre for Innovation Management Research (CIMR) at Birkbeck, University of London. In one of our final articles together, Loet drew the different stands of his work together by exploring synergies in scholarship of members of CIMR.
Transfer of Surveillance Technology and End-Use Human Rights Abuses
Authors: Carpanelli Elena 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article focuses on the transfer of surveillance technology that is used to commit human rights violations and questions the international responsibility of the technology-exporting State, that is the State where the seller is based and that authorises the transfer. After having clarified that the technology-exporting State cannot be considered the principal wrongdoer for the human rights abuses committed in the receiving State, it investigates whether its international responsibility for end-use human rights abuses could be determined out of complicity or if due diligence may serve the same purpose.
Pre-service Science Teachers’ Perceptions of the Aesthetic Features of Science
Authors: Bae Kyungsuk , Oh Jun-Young , Son Yeon-A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study investigated the perception of aesthetic features within science among 73 pre-service science teachers and its implications for science education. We developed an analytical framework and questionnaire to administer to teachers. The findings revealed notable distinctions in how participants perceived aesthetic aspects, particularly between the ‘nature’ domain and others. Furthermore, some respondents exhibited negative perceptions, largely due to their naive understanding of the nature of science, while others simply acknowledged contradictions within aesthetic features. The study offers several crucial implications, including that pre-service science teachers should be granted more opportunities for hands-on experiences in the field of science; educational interventions aimed at reshaping pre-service teachers’ views on the nature of science are imperative; and there is a need to provide opportunities for pre-service teachers to recognize and grapple with opposing aesthetic features within science. Additionally, explicit education on aesthetics within the context of science is warranted.
Translanguaging, Word and Image, and the Danse Macabre
Authors: Léglu Catherine 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The late medieval Danse Macabre, a bilingual word-and-image tradition, may be understood through the theoretical lens of translanguaging. This article begins with an analysis of the visual reception of this tradition in a public art installation in Luxembourg City during the coronavirus pandemic, and is followed by the challenges of applying paratranslation to a page of the early printed Danse Macabre (1486). Returning to the earliest translations of the Danse, the article also examines evidence of untranslatability and tensions between three literary languages in the Catalan Dança de la Mort (c. 1490).
Single-handed versus multiple-handed general practices: A cross-sectional study of quality outcomes in England
Authors: Holdroyd Ian , Chadwick William , Harvey-Sullivan Adam , Bartholomew Theodore , Massou Efthalia , Tzortziou Brown Victoria , Ford John 
Published: December 2023

Objectives As general practice increasingly moves towards large group practices, there is debate about the relative benefits, safety and sustainability of different care delivery models. This study investigates the performance of single-handed practices compared to practices with multiple doctors in England, UK. Methods Practices in England with more than 1000 patients were included. Workforce data and a quality control process classified practices as single-handed or multiple-handed. Outcomes were (i) GP patient survey scores measuring access, continuity, confidence in health professional and overall satisfaction; (ii) reported diabetes and hypertension outcomes; and (iii) emergency department presentation rates and cancer detection (percentage of cancers diagnosed by a 2-week wait). Generalised linear models, controlling for patient and practice characteristics, compared outcomes in single and multiple-handed practices and assessed the effect of GP age in single-handed practices. Results Single-handed practices were more commonly found in areas of high deprivation (41% compared to 20% of multiple-handed practices). Single-handed practices had higher patient-reported access, continuity and overall satisfaction but slightly lower diabetes management and cancer detection rates. Emergency department presentations were higher when controlling for patient characteristics in single-handed practices but not when also controlling for practice rurality and size. Increased deprivation was associated with lower performance in seven out of eight outcomes. Conclusions We found single-handed practices to be associated with high patient satisfaction while performing slightly less well on selected clinical outcomes. Further research is required to better understand the association between practice size, including increasing multidisciplinary working, on patient experience and outcomes.
Plateauing atrial fibrillation burden in acute ischemic stroke admissions in the United States from 2010 to 2020
Authors: Otite Fadar Oliver , Patel Smit D , Aneni Ehimen , Lamikanra Oluwatomi , Wee Claribel , Albright Karen C , Burke Devin , Latorre Julius Gene , Morris Nicholas Allen , Anikpezie Nnabuchi , Singla Amit , Sonig Ashish , Kamel Hooman , Khandelwal Priyank , Chaturvedi Seemant 
Published: December 2023

Background: Utilization of oral anticoagulants for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) increased in the United States over the last decade. Whether this increase has been accompanied by any change in AF prevalence in AIS at the population level remains unknown. The aim of this study is to evaluate trends in AF prevalence in AIS hospitalizations in various age, sex, and racial subgroups over the last decade. Methods: We used data contained in the 2010–2020 National Inpatient Sample to conduct a serial cross-sectional study. Primary AIS hospitalizations with and without comorbid AF were identified using International Classification of Diseases Codes. Joinpoint regression was used to compute annualized percentage change (APC) in prevalence and to identify points of change in prevalence over time. Results: Of 5,190,148 weighted primary AIS hospitalizations over the study period, 25.1% had comorbid AF. The age- and sex-standardized prevalence of AF in AIS hospitalizations increased across the entire study period 2010–2020 (average APC: 1.3%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.8–1.7%). Joinpoint regression showed that prevalence increased in the period 2010–2015 (APC: 2.8%, 95% CI: 1.9–3.9%) but remained stable in the period 2015–2020 (APC: –0.3%, 95% CI: –1.0 to 1.9%). Upon stratification by age and sex, prevalence increased in all age/sex groups from 2010 to 2015 and continued to increase throughout the entire study period in hospitalizations in men 18–39 years (APC: 4.0%, 95% CI: 0.2–7.9%), men 40–59 years (APC: 3.4%, 95% CI: 1.9–4.9%) and women 40–59 years (APC: 4.4%, 95% CI: 2.0–6.8%). In contrast, prevalence declined in hospitalizations in women 60–79 (APC: –1.0%, 95% CI: –0.5 to –1.5%) and women ⩾ 80 years over the period 2015–2020 but plateaued in hospitalizations in similar-aged men over the same period. Conclusion: AF prevalence in AIS hospitalizations in the United States increased over the period 2010–2015, then plateaued over the period 2015–2020 due to declining prevalence in hospitalizations in women ⩾ 60 years and plateauing prevalence in hospitalizations in men ⩾ 60 years.
Differences in Nurses’ Satisfaction and Demand for Spatial Design Among Different Departments of Nursing Units: A Case Study in China
Authors: Xuan Xiaodong , Duan Xiaoxia , Feng Zihao , Zheng Yihe 
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The study aimed to extend original research and identify operational and space-related requirements for specialization from the perspectives of nursing behavior and process. Background: Studies related to the specialty of different nursing units have been widely conducted in nursing science, while few studies have explored the specialized requirements for the physical environments of nursing units in different departments. Method: Questionnaire survey data were collected from 125 nurses in 11 clinical departments, and nurse shadowing (approximately 68 hr) was conducted in four clinical departments. Results: The questionnaire survey showed that satisfaction with care activity, visibility, and physical environment within the existing nursing unit environment was rated differently among different departments of nursing units. However, nurses in different groups of age, education, work experience, and position indicated no statistically significant difference. Behavioral observations demonstrated that the spatial and temporal distributions of activities, spatial linkages, and communication patterns varied in distinct departments. Conclusion: This research found that nurses in different departments had different evaluations of satisfaction and environmental characteristics. It also explains the differences in nursing work behaviors and processes found in various departments and sheds light on specialized requirements from the behavior perspective. The findings could help optimize the design of efficient and satisfactory nursing units in different departments.
Effects of Delayed-Onset Muscle Pain on Respiratory Muscle Function
Authors: Ozden Sema , Ozalp Ozge , Kilic Rabia Tugba , Yosmaoglu Hayri Baran 
Published: December 2023

Background: Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) has been widely examined in the peripheral muscles; however, studies showing the potential effects of DOMS on respiratory function are limited. Hypothesis: DOMS in trunk muscles has a negative effect on respiratory function parameters, respiratory muscle strength, respiratory muscle endurance, and exercise capacity. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Level of Evidence: Level 2. Methods: In 24 healthy participants with a mean age of 21 ± 2 years, DOMS was induced for the trunk muscles with a load equal to 80% of the maximum repetitive voluntary contraction. Pulmonary function parameters, respiratory muscle strength and endurance, exercise capacity, pain, fatigue, and dyspnea perception severity were recorded before DOMS and at 24 and 48 hours after DOMS. Results: After DOMS, decreases were observed in respiratory function parameters, namely, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in the first second, vital capacity, and 25% to 75% flow rate value of forced expiratory volume (25% to 75%) ( P = 0.02, P = 0.02, P < 0.01, P = 0.01, respectively). Maximal inspiratory pressure and exercise capacity also decreased ( P = 0.02, P < 0.01, respectively). No difference was observed between all 3 measurements of maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) and MEP% values ( P1 = P2 = P3 ≥ 0.99). The results of the respiratory muscle endurance tests did not reveal a significant difference in terms of load and time in all 3 conditions ( P > 0.05). Conclusion: After DOMS, there was a 4% to 7.5% decrease in respiratory function parameters, and a 6.6% decrease in respiratory muscle strength. Clinical Relevance: The occurrence of DOMS before a competition can have a detrimental impact on pulmonary performance. Hence, it is imperative to consider this factor when devising training and exercise programs. In addition, the development of treatment protocols becomes crucial if DOMS arises.
Association between high-sensitive cardiac troponin level and coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fatemi Alireza , Zahedi Mahdi , Yazdooei Yasmin , Daei Maryam , Ansari Mohammad Mostafa , Sohrabi Ahmad , Azizinejad Arash , Hssanpour Mohammad Reza , Behrouzifar Marzieh , Babapour Hanieh 
Published: December 2023

Background and objectives Previous studies suggest a link between high-sensitive cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) levels and coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the nature of this relationship is disputed. To address this, we conducted a study to gather and assess evidence on the association between hs-cTn and CAD prediction. Data sources Studies were systematically searched and collected from four databases and different types of gray literature to cover all available evidence. After the screening, the selected articles’ quality and risk of bias assessment were evaluated. Synthesis method Meta-analysis calculated std. mean difference on the extracted data. Furthermore, heterogeneity, sensitivity, subgroups, and publication bias analyses were assessed. Results Twenty-two studies were included in this systematic review, with a total of 844 cases and 2101 control people. The results of the meta-analysis on nine studies showed a significant and positive association between hs-cTn levels and CAD (pooled std. mean difference = 0.44; 95% confidence interval = 0.14–0.73; p < 0.003), with no publication bias ( p = 0.9170). Among subgroups, std. mean differences were notably different only when the data were stratified by region or risk of bias; however, subgroup analysis could not determine the source of heterogeneity. Conclusions Available prospective studies indicate a strong association of hs-cTn with the risk of CAD and significant improvements in CAD prediction. Further investigations in both molecular and clinical fields with proper methodology and more detailed information are needed to discover more evidence and underlying mechanisms to clear the interactive aspects of hs-cTn level in CAD patients.
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Resilience Among Cis-gendered Heterosexual and LGBTQIA+ Individuals in India
Authors: Srivastava Lipika , Advani Purvi , Kaur Harsimran , Khattar Shivangi , Saxena Akash , Kumar Shraddha 
Published: December 2023

Background: In 2018, India decriminalized same-sex relationships, marking a major victory for the LGBTQIA+ community. However, it’s well known that only policy reforms are not enough for revolutionary changes. One starting point is the exploration of the quality of life, health, and wellness of these populations through careful research and examining the threats they are facing today so that early interventions can be initiated to improve the conditions and reduce the pain. Objective: To assess whether a relationship exists between adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and resilience in cis- gender heterosexual and LGBTQIA+ individuals in India and whether a significant difference exists between the two samples in their measures of the same. Method: Online forms were circulated through various social media platforms, the sample consisted of 81 participants (48 cis-gender heterosexual individuals, 33 LGBTQIA+ individuals) within the age range of 18-25 years residing in Urban areas of India. The forms consisted of two questionnaires: The ACEs Questionnaire, and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). For Data analysis, the Pearson Product moment correlation, and the Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis H test were carried out. Results & Conclusion: Findings reveal a negative correlation between ACE and resilience amongst cis-gender heterosexuals r(46) = 0.47, p < .01, a negative correlation between ACE and resilience amongst the LGBTQIA+, r(31) = 0.13, p = .47, a significant difference between cis-gender heterosexual individuals and LGBTQIA+ individuals in the ACE scores, H (1) = 16.65, p < .01, a significant difference between cis-gender heterosexuals and LGBTQIA+ in the Resilience scores, H (1) = 5.35, p < .05. The results indicate that the LGBTQIA+ individuals did experience more adverse experiences in their childhood as compared to cis-gender heterosexual counterparts, one of the many reasons could be homonegative and trans negative attitudes towards this population. Limitations of the study are that it was only a quantitative study, with a small sample size, and not all communities were equally represented, that is, more data is required from people who identify as pansexual and transgenders. Future directives for researchers are to become gender and culture-informed and conduct deeper research using narrative analysis approaches.
Telehealth serious illness care program for older adults with hematologic malignancies: a single-arm pilot study
Authors: LoCastro Marissa , Mortaz-Hedjri Soroush , Wang Ying , Mendler Jason H. , Norton Sally , Bernacki Rachelle , Carroll Thomas , Klepin Heidi , Liesveld Jane , Huselton Eric , Kluger Benzi , Loh Kah Poh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) feel shocked and bewildered when diagnosed. Serious illness conversations (SICs) may increase disease understanding and preparations for the future. However, SICs often happen late, in part because of clinician-perceived patient discomfort. Telehealth may promote patient comfort by allowing SICs to take place at home. This study assesses the feasibility and usability of a telehealth-delivered Serious Illness Care Program (SICP) for older adults with AML and MDS. We conducted a single-arm pilot study including 20 older adults with AML and MDS. Feasibility was measured using retention rate, with &gt;80% considered feasible. Usability was measured using telehealth usability questionnaire (TUQ; range, 1-7): &gt;5 considered usable. We collected other outcomes including acceptability and disease understanding and conducted post-visit qualitative interviews to elicit feedback. Hypothesis testing was performed at α = 0.10 owing to the pilot nature and small sample size. Retention rate was 95% (19/20); mean TUQ scores were 5.9 (standard deviation [SD], 0.9) and 5.9 (SD, 1.1) for patients and caregivers, respectively. We found the SICP to be acceptable. The majority of patients found the SICP to be very or extremely worthwhile (88.2%; 15/17), and reported it increased closeness with their clinician (75.0%; 12/16). After their visit, patient estimates of curability, and overall life expectancy aligned more closely with those of their clinicians. In qualitative interviews, most patients said that they would recommend this program to others (89.5%, 17/19). This study demonstrated that delivery of the telehealth SICP to older patients with AML and MDS is feasible, usable, and acceptable. This trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT04745676.
Efficacy and mechanism of Shenqi Compound in inhibiting diabetic vascular calcification
Authors: Yang Chan , Xie Ziyan , Liu Hanyu , Wang Xueru , Zhang Zehua , Du Lian , Xie Chunguang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Shenqi Compound (SQC) has been used in clinic for several decades in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its complications. But this is merely a heritage of experience. The primary aim of this study is to scientifically validate the therapeutic effects of SQC on diabetic vascular calcification (DVC) in an animal model and, simultaneously, uncover its potential underlying mechanisms.

Method
Spontaneous diabetic rat- Goto Kakizaki (GK) rats were selected for rat modeling. We meticulously designed three distinct groups: a control group, a model group, and an SQC treatment group to rigorously evaluate the influence of SQC. Utilizing a comprehensive approach that encompassed methods such as pathological staining, western blot analysis, qRT-PCR, and RNA sequencing, we thoroughly investigated the therapeutic advantages and the underlying mechanistic pathways associated with SQC in the treatment of DVC.

Result
The findings from this investigation have unveiled the extraordinary efficacy of SQC treatment in significantly mitigating DVC. The underlying mechanisms driving this effect encompass multifaceted facets, including the restoration of aberrant glucose and lipid metabolism, the prevention of phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) into osteogenic-like states, the subsequent inhibition of cell apoptosis, the modulation of inflammation responses, the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and the activation of the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway. Collectively, these mechanisms lead to the dissolution of deposited calcium salts, ultimately achieving the desired inhibition of DVC.

Conclusion
Our study has provided compelling and robust evidence of the remarkable efficacy of SQC treatment in significantly reducing DVC. This reduction is attributed to a multifaceted interplay of mechanisms, each playing a crucial role in the observed therapeutic effects. Notably, our findings illuminate prospective directions for further research and potential clinical applications in the field of cardiovascular health.

Graphical Abstract