bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Amorphous‐Crystalline Coupling Materials in Electrocatalysis
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Yu Xu , He Pinyi , Qin Fu , Yao Yongkang , Ren Lili 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInterface engineering has proven to be a highly efficient strategy for modulating the physicochemical properties of electrocatalysts and further enhancing their electrochemical performance in related energy applications. In this context, the newly proposed crystalline‐amorphous (c‐a) heterostructures with unusual atomic arrangements at interfaces show strong competitiveness. Nonetheless, few efforts have been made to reveal and summarize the structure‐activity relationship at the two‐phase interface and the corresponding electrocatalytic mechanism. This concept is devoted to comprehensively discussing the fundamental characteristics of crystalline‐amorphous electrocatalysts and their application in the field of energy conversion with typical examples. In addition, the development prospects and opportunities of crystalline‐amorphous heterostructure are summarized to provide potential development directions for other types of clean energy development.
Modulation of Metal Homeostasis for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Yang Ying , Fan Huanhuan , Guo Zijian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMetal ions such as iron, zinc, copper, manganese, and calcium are essential for normal cellular processes, including DNA synthesis, enzyme activity, cellular signaling, and oxidative stress regulation. When the balance of metal homeostasis is disrupted, it can lead to various pathological conditions, including cancer. Thus, understanding the role of metal homeostasis in cancer has led to the development of anti‐tumor strategies that specifically target the metal imbalance. Up to now, diverse small molecule‐based chelators, ionophores, metal complexes, and metal‐based nanomaterials have been developed to restore the normal balance of metals or exploit the dysregulation for therapeutic purposes. They hold great promise in inhibiting tumor growth, preventing metastasis, and enhancing the effectiveness of existing cancer therapies. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive summary of the strategies employed to modulate the homeostasis of iron, zinc, copper, manganese, and calcium for cancer therapy. Their modulation mechanisms for metal homeostasis are succinctly described, and their recent applications in the field of cancer therapy are discussed. At the end, the limitations of these approaches are addressed, and potential avenues for future developments are explored.
Repurposing Kraft black Liquor as Reductant for Enhanced Lithium‐Ion Battery Leaching
Authors: Carreira Ana R. F. , Nogueira André F. M. , Rocha Inês L. D. , Sosa Filipe , da Costa Lopes André M. , Passos Helena , Schaeffer Nicolas , Coutinho João A. P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe economic advantages of H2SO4 make it the acid of choice for the hydrometallurgical treatment of waste lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, to facilitate the full dissolution of the higher valency metal oxides present in the cathode black mass, a suitable reducing agent is required. Herein, the application of industrial black liquor (BL) obtained from the Kraft pulping for papermaking is investigated as a renewable reducing agent for the enhanced leaching of transition metals from LIB powder with H2SO4. The addition of acidified BL to H2SO4 significantly improved the leaching efficiency for a range of LIB cathode chemistries, with the strongest effect observed for manganese‐rich active material. Focusing on NMC111 (LiMnxCoyNizO2) material, a linear correlation between the BL concentration and the leaching yield of Mn was obtained, with the best overall leaching efficiencies being achieved for 2.0 mol L−1 H2SO4 and 50 vol % of BL at 353 K. A quasi‐total degradation of oxygenated and aromatic groups from the BL during NMC111 dissolution was observed after leaching, suggesting that these chemical groups are essential for LIB reduction. Finally, the leached transition metals could be easily recovered by pH adjustment and oxalic acid addition, closing the resource loop and fostering resource efficiency.
Bazedoxifene analogs as potential WDHD1 degraders and antitumor agents: Synthesis, evaluation and molecular dynamics simulation studies
Authors: Chen Leyuan , Liu Gaiting , Meng Fancui , shi Yu , Fang Zhennan , Peng Zhenyu , Wang Manjiang , Gou Wenfeng , Hou Wenbin , Li Yiliang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDNA repair is strongly associated with tumor resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. WD repeat and HMG‐box DNA binding protein 1 (WDHD1) is a key adaptor for homologous recombination repair of DNA, and its overexpression is relevant to the poor prognosis of many tumor patients. We previously have identified and validated bazedoxifene (BZA), which had 60% inhibitory rate on WDHD1 in MCF7 cells at 10 μM, from the Food and Drug Administration‐approved compound library. Here, we initially established the binding model of BZA, synthesized and evaluated eight BZA analogs. Further, we detailed the use of molecular dynamics simulations to provide insights into the basis for activity against WDHD1. This binding mode will be instructive for the development of new WDHD1 degraders.
Muscle‐to‐fat ratio in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in predicting glycaemic control and partial clinical remission
Authors: Averbuch Shay , Yackobovitch‐Gavan Michal , Ben Simon Asaf , Interator Hagar , Lopez Adar , Borger Ophir , Laurian Irina , Dorfman Anna , Chorna Efrat , Oren Asaf , Eyal Ori , Brener Avivit , Lebenthal Yael 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdvances in treatment could mitigate the expected adverse changes in the body composition of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D).ObjectivesTo examine the evolution of weight status and body composition and their association with glycaemic control and partial clinical remission in youth with T1D.MethodsNinety‐nine participants with T1D (median age 9.5 years [interquartile range 7.3, 12.9], 59.6% boys) were longitudinally followed for 3 years since diagnosis. Data at seven pre‐determined time points were extracted from medical files. Outcome measures included body mass index (BMI) z‐scores, muscle‐to‐fat ratio (MFR) z‐scores, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, continuous glucose monitoring metrics, and insulin dose‐adjusted HbA1c (IDAA1c) levels.ResultsThe BMI z‐scores increased significantly (p < 0.001) for both sexes, with no significant change in MFR z‐scores over time. The girls had higher BMI z‐scores (p < 0.001) and lower MFR z‐scores than the boys (p = 0.016). The mean HbA1c levels decreased during the first month and at 3 months since diagnosis (p < 0.001), then plateaued and achieved a median overall HbA1c of 7.1% for the entire cohort. At 12 months, 37 participants (37.6%) were in partial clinical remission, as evidenced by IDAA1c ≤ 9. The odds of partial clinical remission at 2 years increased by 2.1‐fold for each standard deviation increase in the MFR z‐score (p < 0.001). Higher MFR z‐scores were associated with better metabolic control.ConclusionsIntegration of body composition assessments could mitigate adverse body changes in paediatric patients with T1D.
MicroRNAs are associated with cardiac biomarkers, cardiac structure and function and incident outcomes in heart failure
Authors: Spahillari Aferdita , Jackson Laurel , Varrias Dimitrios , Michelhaugh Sam A. , Januzzi James L. , Shahideh Bobby , Daghfal David , Valkov Nedyalka , Murtagh Gillian , Das Saumya 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsThe association between microRNAs (miRNAs) and established cardiac biomarkers is largely unknown. We aimed to measure the association between plasma miRNAs and N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), cardiac troponin I, soluble urokinase‐type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), and galectin‐3 with cardiac structure and function and clinical outcomes.Methods and resultsWe quantified 32 plasma miRNAs using the FirePlex miRNA assay and measured biomarkers in 139 individuals with symptomatic heart failure (HF). We used principal component (PC) analysis and linear regression to evaluate the association between miRNAs and biomarkers with ventricular size and function by echocardiography and Cox modelling for the incidence of a first composite event of HF hospitalization, heart transplant, left ventricular assist device implant, or death. The mean (standard deviation) age at baseline was 64.3 (12.4) years, 33 (24%) were female, and 122 (88%) were White. A total of 45 events occurred over a median follow‐up of 368 (interquartile range 234, 494) days. Baseline NT‐proBNP (β = −2.0; P = 0.001) and miRNA PC2 (β = 2.6; P = 0.002) were associated with baseline left ventricular ejection fraction. NT‐proBNP (β = 20.6; P = 0.0004), suPAR (β = −39.6; P = 0.005), and PC4 (β = 21.1; P = 0.02) were associated with baseline left ventricular end‐diastolic volumes. NT‐proBNP [hazard ratio (HR) 1.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28–2.18, P = 0.0002], galectin‐3 (HR 2.02, 95% CI 1.05–3.91, P = 0.036), PC3 (HR 1.75, 95% CI 1.23–2.49, P = 0.002), and PC4 (HR 1.67, 95% CI 1.1–2.52, P = 0.016) were independently associated with incident events.ConclusionsBiomarkers and miRNA PCs are associated with cardiac structure and function and incident cardiovascular outcomes. Combining information from miRNAs provides prognostic information beyond biomarkers in HF.
Survival outcomes of TAVR and self‐expanding versus balloon‐expandable valves in patients with advanced cardiac dysfunction
Authors: Matta Anthony , Lhermusier Thibault , Ohlmann Patrick , Laszlo Levai , Nader Vanessa , Parada Francisco Campelo , Elbaz Meyer , Roncalli Jerome , Carrié Didier 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsThere is a growing body of literature on long‐term outcomes post‐transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), but to our knowledge, few research have focused on patients with advanced cardiac dysfunction. This challenging category of patients was excluded from the Partner 3 clinical trial. There are no data to guide the choice of valve type in patients with severely depressed ejection fraction. This study evaluates the safety, efficacy, and outcomes of TAVR in patients with severe aortic stenosis and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 35%. It compares post‐TAVR survival outcomes with self‐expanding (SEV) versus balloon‐expandable (BEV) valves in the context of cardiac dysfunction.Methods and resultsA retrospective cohort was conducted on 977 patients who underwent TAVR at Toulouse University Hospital between January 2016 and December 2020. The study population included two groups: LVEF ≤ 35% (N = 157) and LVEF ≥ 50% (N = 820). The group of LVEF ≤ 35% was divided into two subgroups according to the type of implanted device: self‐expanding (N = 66) versus balloon‐expandable (N = 91). The living status of each of study's participants was observed in December 2022. Patients with low ejection fraction were younger (82 vs. 84.6 years) and commonly males (71.3% vs. 45.6%). Procedural success was almost 98% in both study groups (97.5% vs. 97.9%). The prevalence of all in‐hospital post‐TAVR complications [acute kidney injury (3.8% vs. 2.2%), major bleeding events (2.5% vs. 3.2%), stroke (1.3% vs. 1.6%), pacemaker implantation (10.2% vs. 10.7%), major vascular complication (4.5% vs. 4.5%), new onset atrial fibrillation (3.2% vs. 3.4%), and in‐hospital death (3.2% vs. 2.8%)] were similar between groups (LVEF ≤ 35% vs. LVEF ≥ 50%). No difference in long‐term survival has been revealed over 3.4 years (P = 0.268). In patients with LVEF ≤ 35%, except for post‐TAVR mean aortic gradient (7.8 ± 4.2 vs. 10.2 ± 3.6), baseline and procedural characteristics were comparable between SEV versus BEV subgroups. An early improvement in LVEF (from 29.2 ± 5.5 to 37.4 ± 10.8) was observed. In patients with LVEF ≤ 35%, the all‐cause mortality rate was significantly higher in BEV than that in SEV subgroups, respectively (40.7% vs. 22.7%, P = 0.018). Kaplan–Meier curve showed better survival outcomes after SEV implantation (P = 0.032). A Cox regression identified BEV as independent predictor of mortality [HR = 3.276, 95% CI (1.520–7.060), P = 0.002].ConclusionsIn the setting of low LVEF, TAVR remains a safe and effective procedure not associated with an increased risk of complications and mortality. SEV implantation may likely result in superior survival outcomes in patients with advanced cardiac dysfunction.
Non‐dilated left ventricular cardiomyopathy vs. dilated cardiomyopathy: clinical background and outcomes
Authors: Eda Yuko , Nabeta Takeru , Iikura Saeko , Takigami Yu , Fujita Teppei , Iida Yuichiro , Ikeda Yuki , Ishii Shunsuke , Ako Junya 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsNon‐dilated left ventricular cardiomyopathy (NDLVC) was proposed as a new category of cardiomyopathy that included patients with non‐left ventricular (LV) dilatation, LV wall motion abnormality, or LV scar. However, the clinical background and event rates of NDLVC were unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics and event rates of patients with NDLVC and reduced LV ejection fraction (NDLVC–REF) in comparison with those with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).Methods and resultsWe retrospectively included 363 patients with newly diagnosed non‐ischaemic cardiomyopathy and reduced LV ejection fraction (<50%) between December 2004 and January 2018. Patients who did not have LV dilatation (LV dimension index of ≦31 mm/m2 in men and ≦34 mm/m2 in women) were categorized as NDLVC–REF (n = 80, 22.2%), and the remaining patients were categorized as DCM. Cardiac events were defined as sudden cardiac death and rehospitalization for heart failure. Patients with NDLVC–REF had a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation and a higher LV ejection fraction than those with DCM at baseline. LV ejection fraction was higher and LV end‐diastolic diameter was smaller in patients with NDLVC–REF than in those with DCM at all time points after diagnosis. During the median follow‐up period of 68.8 months (interquartile range: 33.0–93.7 months), 44 patients experienced cardiac events. The Kaplan–Meier curves showed no significant differences in the probability of cardiac events among NDLVC–REF and DCM patients (P = 0.349). However, patients with NDLVC–REF and LV dilatation after diagnosis (14%) had a higher risk of cardiac events than those with NDLVC–REF without LV dilatation (P = 0.049).ConclusionsThere was no significant difference in the incidence of cardiac events between NDLVC–REF and DCM. Among NDLVC–REF patients, 18% of patients who showed LV dilatation after diagnosis had poor outcomes. Therefore, both NDLVC–REF and DCM patients may require equivalent attention to follow‐up and regular assessment of LV function.
Redox Reactivity Control Through Electromerism
Authors: Osterbrink Johanna , Dos Santos Fabricio , Kaifer Elisabeth , Himmel Hans‐Jörg 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this work, we demonstrate that electromerism could be used to regulate the redox reactivity. Electron self‐exchange rates kex were measured for a series of diamagnetic, monocationic CuI complexes with two redox‐active diguanidine ligands and the corresponding paramagnetic, dicationic complexes. The electronic structures of the paramagnetic, dicationic complexes differ. Some complexes are exclusively present as CuII complexes with reduced, neutral diguanidine ligands. In other complexes, an equilibrium is established between the CuII electromer and the CuI electromer with the unpaired electron delocalized on the two partially‐oxidized ligands. For these complexes, the kex values increase with increasing contribution of the CuI electromer. One of the dicationic molecules is exclusively present as CuI complex with radical ligands in dichloromethane at room temperature, and as CuII electromer with neutral ligands at 200 K. Consequently, the electron self‐exchange rate kex is maximal at room temperature, and strongly decreases with decreasing temperature. The temperature effect is much stronger than for similar complexes that remain in the CuII form at all temperatures, demonstrating the use of electromerism to control the redox reactivity on a large scale.
The impact of baffle and taper channel tilt angle on the output performance of proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells
Authors: Cheng Tiancai , Liu Qiang , Jiang Guangjun , Zhao Qi , Mu Dongming 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe performance and durability of proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are constrained by fuel delivery and water management. Based on parallel and serpentine flow fields, the effects of triangular baffles (30°, 45°, and 60°) and conical runners (1°, 2°, and 3°) on the performance output of PEMFC at different angles are studied. The three‐dimensional and multi‐phase models are established by using the simulation software package (ANSYS FLUENT). The findings demonstrate that the battery's output performance reaches its peak when the baffle angle is set at 45°. When the output current density is 0.7 A/cm2, the power density of the 45° baffle increases by 18.87%. The pressure loss is not only lower than that of the 60° baffle but also exhibits no significant difference when compared to the 30° baffle. In addition, the introduction of conical channels has enhanced the output performance of PEMFCs in comparison to the traditional serpentine flow field. The power density of the 2°tapered channel exhibits a 12.65% increase when the output current density reaches 0.8 A/cm2. However, the performance output of the 3°tapered channel is inferior to that of the conventional serpentine flow field.
Estimating cortical thickness trajectories in children across different scanners using transfer learning from normative models
Authors: Gaiser C. , Berthet P. , Kia S. M. , Frens M. A. , Beckmann C. F. , Muetzel R. L. , Marquand Andre F. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis work illustrates the use of normative models in a longitudinal neuroimaging study of children aged 6–17 years and demonstrates how such models can be used to make meaningful comparisons in longitudinal studies, even when individuals are scanned with different scanners across successive study waves. More specifically, we first estimated a large‐scale reference normative model using Hierarchical Bayesian Regression fromN = 42,993 individuals across the lifespan and from dozens of sites. We then transfer these models to a longitudinal developmental cohort (N = 6285) with three measurement waves acquired on two different scanners that were unseen during estimation of the reference models. We show that the use of normative models provides individual deviation scores that are independent of scanner effects and efficiently accommodate inter‐site variations. Moreover, we provide empirical evidence to guide the optimization of sample size for the transfer of prior knowledge about the distribution of regional cortical thicknesses. We show that a transfer set containing as few as 25 samples per site can lead to good performance metrics on the test set. Finally, we demonstrate the clinical utility of this approach by showing that deviation scores obtained from the transferred normative models are able to detect and chart morphological heterogeneity in individuals born preterm.
Disrupted pattern of rich‐club organization in structural brain network from prediabetes to diabetes: A population‐based study
Authors: Zhou Yijun , Jing Jing , Zhang Zhe , Pan Yuesong , Cai Xueli , Zhu Wanlin , Li Zixiao , Liu Chang , Liu Hao , Meng Xia , Cheng Jian , Wang Yilong , Li Hao , Wang Suying , Niu Haijun , Wen Wei , Sachdev Perminder S. , Wei Tiemin , Liu Tao , Wang Yongjun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe network nature of the brain is gradually becoming a consensus in the neuroscience field. A set of highly connected regions in the brain network called “rich‐club” are crucial high efficiency communication hubs in the brain. The abnormal rich‐club organization can reflect underlying abnormal brain function and metabolism, which receives increasing attention. Diabetes is one of the risk factors for neurological diseases, and most individuals with prediabetes will develop overt diabetes within their lifetime. However, the gradual impact of hyperglycemia on brain structures, including rich‐club organization, remains unclear. We hypothesized that the brain follows a special disrupted pattern of rich‐club organization in prediabetes and diabetes. We used cross‐sectional baseline data from the population‐based PolyvasculaR Evaluation for Cognitive Impairment and vaScular Events (PRECISE) study, which included 2218 participants with a mean age of 61.3 ± 6.6 years and 54.1% females comprising 1205 prediabetes, 504 diabetes, and 509 normal control subjects. The rich‐club organization and network properties of the structural networks derived from diffusion tensor imaging data were investigated using a graph theory approach. Linear mixed models were used to assess associations between rich‐club organization disruptions and the subjects' glucose status. Based on the graphical analysis methods, we observed the disrupted pattern of rich‐club organization was from peripheral regions mainly located in frontal areas to rich‐club regions mainly located in subcortical areas from prediabetes to diabetes. The rich‐club organization disruptions were associated with elevated glucose levels. These findings provided more details of the process by which hyperglycemia affects the brain, contributing to a better understanding of the potential neurological consequences. Furthermore, the disrupted pattern observed in rich‐club organization may serve as a potential neuroimaging marker for early detection and monitoring of neurological disorders in individuals with prediabetes or diabetes.
Use of cross‐training in human–robot collaborative rescue
Authors: Pan Dan , Zhao Di , Pu Youchen , Wang Liang , Zhang Yijing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHuman–robot collaboration has been widely used in postdisaster investigation and rescue. Human–robot team training is a good way to improve the team rescue efficiency and safety; two common training methods, namely, procedural training and cross‐training, are explored in this study. Currently, relatively few studies have explored the impact of cross‐training on human–robot collaboration in rescue tasks. Cross‐training will be novel to most rescuers and as such, an evaluation of cross‐training in comparison with more conventional procedural training is warranted. This study investigated the effects of these two training methods on rescue performance, situation awareness and workload. Forty‐two participants completed a path‐planning and a photo‐taking task in an unfamiliar simulated postdisaster environment. The rescue performance results showed that cross‐training method had significant advantages over procedural training for human–robot collaborative rescue tasks. During the training process, compared with procedural training, participants were more likely to achieve excellent photo‐taking performance after cross‐training; after training, the length of the route planned by the cross‐training group was significantly shorter than that of the procedural‐training group. In addition, procedural‐training marginal significantly increased the emotion demand, which proves that cross‐training can well control the emotions of the operators and make them more involved in the rescue task. The study also found that arousal level increased significantly after the first cross‐training session, and decreased to the same level as procedural training after multiple sessions. These results contribute to the application of cross‐training in human–robot collaborative rescue teams.