bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving prenatal diagnosis through standards and aggregation
Authors: Duyzend Michael H. , Cacheiro Pilar , Jacobsen Julius O. B. , Giordano Jessica , Brand Harrison , Wapner Ronald J. , Talkowski Michael E. , Robinson Peter N. , Smedley Damian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAdvances in sequencing and imaging technologies enable enhanced assessment in the prenatal space, with a goal to diagnose and predict the natural history of disease, to direct targeted therapies, and to implement clinical management, including transfer of care, election of supportive care, and selection of surgical interventions. The current lack of standardization and aggregation stymies variant interpretation and gene discovery, which hinders the provision of prenatal precision medicine, leaving clinicians and patients without an accurate diagnosis. With large amounts of data generated, it is imperative to establish standards for data collection, processing, and aggregation. Aggregated and homogeneously processed genetic and phenotypic data permits dissection of the genomic architecture of prenatal presentations of disease and provides a dataset on which data analysis algorithms can be tuned to the prenatal space. Here we discuss the importance of generating aggregate data sets and how the prenatal space is driving the development of interoperable standards and phenotype‐driven tools.
Examining biomarkers of stress over the process of teaching among teachers of English as a foreign language
Authors: Nejad Ali Mansouri , Mahfoodh Omer Hassan Ali 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study examines stress biomarkers over the process of teaching and their associations with demographics, emotions, and mental health of 56 English as Foreign Language teachers. Participating teachers were invited to complete a questionnaire packet and provide saliva samples over three‐time points (i.e., before, during, and end of teaching). Afterward, the saliva samples were assayed for cortisol and α‐amylase as stress biomarkers. The results showed a significant change in the concentrations of cortisol and α‐amylase over the teaching process. In addition, being female, younger, more educated, and having more teaching experience were significantly associated with a higher level of α‐amylase, particularly before and during class time, thereby reflecting a greater level of stress. However, emotions and general mental health were not significantly associated with cortisol and α‐amylase over time. The findings highlighted the changes of biomarkers over the process of teaching and their relationships with other variables.
Effect of cold plasma treatment and plasma‐activated water on physicochemical and structural properties of starch: A green and novel approach for environmental sustainability
Authors: Gupta Rakesh Kumar , Guha Proshanta , Srivastav Prem Prakash 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStarch is a crucial part of the human dietary regimen. Still, its restricted water solubility, low viscosity, and weak heat stability are unfavorable physicochemical characteristics that restrict its use in food applications. So, in the 21st century, green and novel technologies such as cold plasma technology (CPT) and plasma‐activated water (PAW) have been employed for starch modification to improve the starch's physicochemical, digestibility, functional, structural, and thermal properties. This article provided an in‐depth evaluation of the use of cold plasma intervention in starch systems. Moreover, starch was modified due to cross‐linking, plasma etching, and depolymerization mechanisms mediated by plasma species. We may conclude that CPT and PAW are substitute methods for changing starch characteristics.
Mulberry Leaf Lipid Nanoparticles: a Naturally Targeted CRISPR/Cas9 Oral Delivery Platform for Alleviation of Colon Diseases
Authors: Ma Lingli , Ma Ya , Gao Qiang , Liu Shengsheng , Zhu Zhenhua , Shi Xiaoxiao , Dai Fangyin , Reis Rui L. , Kundu Subhas C. , Cai Kaiyong , Xiao Bo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOral treatment of colon diseases with the CRISPR/Cas9 system has been hampered by the lack of a safe and efficient delivery platform. Overexpressed CD98 plays a crucial role in the progression of ulcerative colitis (UC) and colitis‐associated colorectal cancer (CAC). In this study, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) derived from mulberry leaves are functionalized with Pluronic copolymers and optimized to deliver the CRISPR/Cas gene editing machinery for CD98 knockdown. The obtained LNPs possessed a hydrodynamic diameter of 267.2 nm, a narrow size distribution, and a negative surface charge (−25.6 mV). Incorporating Pluronic F127 into LNPs improved their stability in the gastrointestinal tract and facilitated their penetration through the colonic mucus barrier. The galactose end groups promoted endocytosis of the LNPs by macrophages via asialoglycoprotein receptor‐mediated endocytosis, with a transfection efficiency of 2.2‐fold higher than Lipofectamine 6000. The LNPs significantly decreased CD98 expression, down‐regulated pro‐inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α and IL‐6), up‐regulated anti‐inflammatory factors (IL‐10), and polarized macrophages to M2 phenotype. Oral administration of LNPs mitigated UC and CAC by alleviating inflammation, restoring the colonic barrier, and modulating intestinal microbiota. As the first oral CRISPR/Cas9 delivery LNP, this system offers a precise and efficient platform for the oral treatment of colon diseases.
Nitrogen and Sulfur Co‐Doped Carbon‐Coated Ni3S2/MoO2 Nanowires as Bifunctional Catalysts for Alkaline Seawater Electrolysis
Authors: Fan Xiaocheng , Li Bei , Zhu Chunling , Yan Feng , Zhang Xitian , Chen Yujin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBifunctional catalysts have inherent advantages in simplifying electrolysis devices and reducing electrolysis costs. Developing efficient and stable bifunctional catalysts is of great significance for industrial hydrogen production. Herein, a bifunctional catalyst, composed of nitrogen and sulfur co‐doped carbon‐coated trinickel disulfide (Ni3S2)/molybdenum dioxide (MoO2) nanowires (NiMoS@NSC NWs), is developed for seawater electrolysis. The designed NiMoS@NSC exhibited high activity in alkaline electrolyte with only 52 and 191 mV overpotential to attain 10 mA cm−2 for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), respectively. Significantly, the electrolyzer (NiMoS@NSC||NiMoS@NSC) based on this bifunctional catalyst drove 100 mA cm−2 at only 1.71 V along with a robust stability over 100 h in alkaline seawater, which is superior to a platinum/nickel‐iron layered double hydroxide couple (Pt||NiFe LDH). Theoretical calculations indicated that interfacial interactions between Ni3S2 and MoO2 rearranged the charge at interfaces and endowed Mo sites at the interfaces with Pt‐like HER activity, while Ni sites on Ni3S2 surfaces at non‐interfaces are the active centers for OER. Meanwhile, theoretical calculations and experimental results also demonstrated that interfacial interactions improved the electrical conductivity, boosting reaction kinetics for both HER and OER. This study presented a novel insight into the design of high‐performance bifunctional electrocatalysts for seawater splitting.
3D Pathways Enabling Highly‐Efficient Lithium Reservoir for Fast‐Charging Batteries
Authors: Han Sang A , Suh Joo Hyeong , Kim Junyoung , Park Sungmin , Jeong Won Ung , Shimada Yusuke , Kim Jung Ho , Park Min‐Sik , Dou Shi Xue 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEnhancing the mobility of lithium‐ions (Li+) through surface engineering is one of major challenges facing fast‐charging lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). In case of demanding charging conditions, the use of a conventional artificial graphite (AG) anode leads to an increase in operating temperature and the formation of lithium dendrites on the anode surface. In this study, a biphasic zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)‐AG anode, designed strategically and coated with a mesoporous material, is verified to improve the pathways of Li+ and electrons under a high charging current density. In particular, the graphite surface is treated with a coating of a ZIF‐8‐derived carbon nanoparticles, which addresses sufficient surface porosity, enabling this material to serve as an electrolyte reservoir and facilitate Li+ intercalation. Moreover, the augmentation in specific surface area proves advantageous in reducing the overpotential for interfacial charge transfer reactions. In practical terms, employing a full‐cell with the biphasic ZIF‐AG anode results in a shorter charging time and improved cycling performance, demonstrating no evidence of Li plating during 300 cycles under 3.0 C‐charging and 1.0 C‐discharging. The research endeavors to contribute to the progress of anode materials by enhancing their charging capability, aligning with the increasing requirements of the electric vehicle applications.
Analytical and computational analysis of vibrational behavior of axially loaded beams placed on elastic foundations
Authors: Alahmadi Hani , Nawaz Rab , Kanwal Gulnaz , Alruwaili Abdulmohsen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, the vibrational behavior of Rayleigh and shear beams placed over the Hetényi and Pasternak foundations is investigated, with special attention paid to the effects of axial stresses (both tensile and compressive). The uniqueness of the work comes from the thorough consideration of how axial forces, shear deformation, rotational inertia, and foundation factors affect the eigenfrequencies and eigenmodes that control beam vibrations. Eigenfrequencies and eigenmodes are determined through computational analyses with the Galerkin finite element method (GFEM) employing quadratic and cubic polynomials. Comparisons between finite element results and analytical outcomes, both in generalized and specialized contexts, serve to demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of the approximate solution. The study shows that the Hetényi foundation's influence on eigenfrequency depends on foundation stiffness and relative beam magnitudes, and that shear deformation affects eigenfrequencies more than rotary inertia does. Higher frequencies are largely unaffected by compressive and tensile stresses, but the fundamental frequency is rigorously influenced. Further demonstrating its accuracy, the finite element approach shows great agreement in forecasting eigenmodes and eigenfrequencies. A variety of real‐world situations involving elastically confined beams resting on elastic foundations and being subjected to axial forces are the focus of the study. Axial forces commonly result from external loads, thermal expansion, or structural interactions in real‐world settings. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how they affect beam vibration when designing structures that can endure expected stresses and vibrations while maintaining safety and performance criteria.
Back to heterotic strings on ALE spaces. Part II. Geometry of T-dual little strings
Authors: Del Zotto Michele , Liu Muyang , Oehlmann Paul-Konstantin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This work is the second of a series of papers devoted to revisiting the properties of Heterotic string compactifications on ALE spaces. In this project we study the geometric counterpart in F-theory of the T-dualities between Heterotic ALE instantonic Little String Theories (LSTs) extending and generalising previous results on the subject by Aspinwall and Morrison. Since the T-dualities arise from a circle reduction one can exploit the duality between F-theory and M-theory to explore a larger moduli space, where T-dualities are realised as inequivalent elliptic fibrations of the same geometry. As expected from the Heterotic/F-theory duality the elliptic F-theory Calabi-Yau we consider admit a nested elliptic K3 fibration structure. This is central for our construction: the K3 fibrations determine the flavor groups and their global forms, and are the key to identify various T-dualities. We remark that this method works also more generally for LSTs arising from non-geometric Heterotic backgrounds. We study a first example in detail: a particularly exotic class of LSTs which are built from extremal K3 surfaces that admit flavor groups with maximal rank 18. We find all models are related by a so-called T-hexality (i.e. a 6-fold family of T-dualities) which we predict from the inequivalent elliptic fibrations of the extremal K3.
Tibial plateau fracture morphology based on injury force mechanism is predictive for patient-reported outcome and conversion to total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Assink Nick , Vaartjes Thijs P. , Bosma Eelke , van Helden Sven H. , ten Brinke Joost G. , Hoekstra Harm , IJpma Frank F. A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purposes
The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between injury mechanism–based fracture patterns and patient-reported outcome as well as conversion rate to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) at follow-up.

Methods
A multicenter cross-sectional study was performed including 1039 patients treated for a tibial plateau fracture between 2003 and 2019. At a mean follow-up of 5.8 ± 3.7 years, patients completed the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire. For all patients, the injury force mechanism was defined based on CT images. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the relationship between different injury mechanisms and functional recovery. Cox regression was performed to assess the association with an increased risk on conversion to TKA.

Results
A total of 378 (36%) patients suffered valgus-flexion, 305 (29%) valgus-extension, 122 (12%) valgus-hyperextension, 110 (11%) varus-flexion, 58 (6%) varus-hyperextension, and 66 (6%) varus-extension injuries. ANOVA showed significant different KOOS values between injury fracture patterns in all subscales (P < 0.01). Varus-flexion injuries had the lowest average KOOS scores (symptoms 65; pain 67; ADL 72; sport 35; QoL 48). Varus-flexion mechanism was associated with an increased risk on a TKA (HR 1.8; P = 0.03) whereas valgus-extension mechanism was associated with a reduced risk on a TKA (HR 0.5; P = 0.012) as compared to all other mechanisms.

Conclusion
Tibial plateau fracture patterns based on injury force mechanisms are associated with clinical outcome. Varus-flexion injuries have a worse prognosis in terms of patient-reported outcome and conversion rate to TKA at follow-up. Valgus-extension injuries have least risk on conversion to TKA.
Embodied mental rotation ability in open- and closed-skill sports: pilot study with a new virtual paradigm
Authors: Geisen Mai , Raab Markus , Jansen Petra , Klatt Stefanie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEmbodied mental rotation is the influence of the body on mental rotation ability. Sports expertise enhances embodied mental rotation ability. However, sport-skill-dependent effects remain unclear. Previous studies refer to the influence of body positions on mental rotation ability. Yet, in sports, the investigation of the effect of simultaneous body and mental rotation movements is essential. Athletes need to constantly mentally and physically adapt to environmental changes and new motor tasks while being in motion themselves. This study aimed to investigate embodied mental rotation ability with simultaneous body and mental rotation in individuals with different sport skills, i.e., in open- and closed-skill sports. Forty-eight men and women, divided into two groups depending on their sport, performed 32 trials of an extended embodied mental rotation task. Simultaneous body and mental rotation were enabled by a novel test method including Virtual Reality. Results revealed shorter response times to the task stimulus in closed-skill sports participants than in open-skill sports participants. This group difference was significant for trials in which rotation directions of the own body and the mental rotation stimulus were aligned. The results might be related to sport-specific skill development processes. Motor imitation skills, as relevant in many closed-skill sports, may facilitate cognitive processes when the motion direction of the own body and of the mental rotation stimulus are aligned. The novel test method identifies potential applications that should be increasingly explored in the future, both for cognitive science and sports research.
Trophic Transfer of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, P and Se in Dutch Storage Water Reservoirs
Authors: Verstijnen Yvon J. M. , Lucassen Esther C. H. E. T. , Wagenvoort Arco J. , Ketelaars Henk A. M. , van der Velde Gerard , Smolders Alfons J. P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHeavy metals are naturally omnipresent in aquatic systems. Excess amounts of heavy metals can accumulate in organisms of pollution impacted systems and transfer across a food web. Analysing the food web structure and metal contents of the organisms can help unravel the pathways of biomagnification or biodilution and gain insight in trophic linkages. We measured heavy metals and other elements in mussel bank detritus and organisms of the Biesbosch reservoirs (the Netherlands) and linked those to stable isotopic signatures. The heavy metal contents (cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc) were often lowest in benthivorous, omnivorous and piscivorous species (mainly fish); whereas, phosphorus contents were lower in the autotrophs. Mussel bank detritus contained the highest amounts of heavy metals. The heavy metals were negatively correlated with δ15N values. For selenium no clear trend was observed. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between fish length and some heavy metals. Based on all 20 analysed elemental contents, similarities between species became apparent, related to niche or habitat. This study confirms that elemental contents of species can differ between feeding guilds and/or species, which can be attributed to metabolic and physiological processes. The organisms in higher trophic levels have adaptations preventing metal accumulation, resulting in lower contents. Within the fish species biodilution occurs, as most metal contents were lowest in bigger fish. Overall, the metals did not seem to biomagnify, but biodilute in the food web. Metal analyses combined with isotopic signatures could thus provide insights in metal transfer and possible trophic linkages within a system.
Therapeutic applications of gut microbes in cardiometabolic diseases: current state and perspectives
Authors: Yuan Lin , Li Ying , Chen Moutong , Xue Liang , Wang Juan , Ding Yu , Gu Qihui , Zhang Jumei , Zhao Hui , Xie Xinqiang , Wu Qingping 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) encompasses a range of diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, heart failure, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Recent findings about CMD’s interaction with gut microbiota have broadened our understanding of how diet and nutrition drive microbes to influence CMD. However, the translation of basic research into the clinic has not been smooth, and dietary nutrition and probiotic supplementation have yet to show significant evidence of the therapeutic benefits of CMD. In addition, the published reviews do not suggest the core microbiota or metabolite classes that influence CMD, and systematically elucidate the causal relationship between host disease phenotypes-microbiome. The aim of this review is to highlight the complex interaction of the gut microbiota and their metabolites with CMD progression and to further centralize and conceptualize the mechanisms of action between microbial and host disease phenotypes. We also discuss the potential of targeting modulations of gut microbes and metabolites as new targets for prevention and treatment of CMD, including the use of emerging technologies such as fecal microbiota transplantation and nanomedicine.

Key points
• To highlight the complex interaction of the gut microbiota and their metabolites with CMD progression and to further centralize and conceptualize the mechanisms of action between microbial and host disease phenotypes.
• We also discuss the potential of targeting modulations of gut microbes and metabolites as new targets for prevention and treatment of CMD, including the use of emerging technologies such as FMT and nanomedicine.
• Our study provides insight into identification-specific microbiomes and metabolites involved in CMD, and microbial-host changes and physiological factors as disease phenotypes develop, which will help to map the microbiome individually and capture pathogenic mechanisms as a whole.

Graphical Abstract
Evolution of anxiety management in prostate biopsy under local anesthesia: a narrative review
Authors: Vanoli Sylvain , Grobet-Jeandin Elisabeth , Windisch Olivier , Valerio Massimo , Benamran Daniel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction and methods
Prostate biopsy (PB) is an essential step in the diagnosis and active surveillance of prostate cancer (PCa). Transperineal PB (TP-PB) is now the recommended approach and is mostly conducted under local anesthesia. However, this procedure can potentially cause anxiety for patients, given the oncological context and the fear of peri-procedural pain and complications. The objective of this narrative review is to summarize the currently available tools for the management of peri-interventional anxiety during TP-PB, with a particular emphasis on the potential role of virtual reality (VR) in this setting.

Results
In TP-PB, preoperative anxiety can lead to increased pain perception, longer procedure time, and decreased patient satisfaction. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches have been explored to reduce anxiety, such as premedication, deep sedation, education, relaxation techniques, hypnosis, and music therapy, albeit with mixed results. VR has recently emerged in the technological armamentarium for managing pain and anxiety, and the efficiency of this technology has been evaluated in various medical fields, including pediatrics, gastroenterology, urology, gynecology, and psychiatry.

Conclusion
Despite the paucity of available data, VR appears to be a safe and effective technique in reducing anxiety in many procedures, even in frail patients. No studies have evaluated the role of VR in TP-PB. Future research should thus explore the optimal way to implement VR technology and any potential benefits for TP-PB patients.
Epigenetic analyses in forensic medicine: future and challenges
Authors: Gerra Maria Carla , Dallabona Cristina , Cecchi Rossana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe possibility of using epigenetics in forensic investigation has gradually risen over the last few years. Epigenetic changes with their dynamic nature can either be inherited or accumulated throughout a lifetime and be reversible, prompting investigation of their use across various fields. In forensic sciences, multiple applications have been proposed, such as the discrimination of monozygotic twins, identifying the source of a biological trace left at a crime scene, age prediction, determination of body fluids and tissues, human behavior association, wound healing progression, and determination of the post-mortem interval (PMI). Despite all these applications, not all the studies considered the impact of PMI and post-sampling effects on the epigenetic modifications and the tissue-specificity of the epigenetic marks.This review aims to highlight the substantial forensic significance that epigenetics could support in various forensic investigations. First, basic concepts in epigenetics, describing the main epigenetic modifications and their functions, in particular, DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA, with a particular focus on forensic applications, were covered. For each epigenetic marker, post-mortem stability and tissue-specificity, factors that should be carefully considered in the study of epigenetic biomarkers in the forensic context, have been discussed. The advantages and limitations of using post-mortem tissues have been also addressed, proposing directions for these innovative strategies to analyze forensic specimens.