bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safeguarding Europe’s Birthright against the Jewish Conspiracy
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Judaism, now that it has succeeded in infiltrating the richest countries in the world, the United States and England, is able to communicate its political directives to its communities in other nations to influence their regimes so as to achieve ever greater penetration into finance, into commerce, into the war industry, into agriculture, into mining, and into high State offices. The English plutocracy had two armies to maintain its ascendancy, one armed and open, the other covertly and insidiously co-operating with its plans for domination.
Introduction
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Once we cross the Alps we leave behind us thesole area ofgeneric fascism which poses no taxonomic problems, and enter the far more contentious sphere of the German ultra-right. In the past there has been considerable debate about whether Nazism can be fruitfully approached as a manifestation of fascism, and some major scholars exercised by the problems of defining this concept have expressed doubts on the issue, notably Renzo De Felice and Ledeen (1976), Zeev Sternhell (1979), and Gilbert Allardyce (see Text 166), doubts shared by a number of major German historians whose starting-point is the study of Nazism itself, including Klaus Hildebrand and Andreas Hillgruber. It is not swprising then if the seminal text on the scholarly debate over the nature of the Third Reich, Ian Kershaw’s The Nazi Dictatorship (1993), includes in the chapter on the ‘Essence of Nazism’ a sustained discussion as to whether it is to be considered a ‘unique phenomenon’ or a ‘form of fascism’.
Ernst Junger, The Great War: Father Of A New Age
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There are moments when from above the horizon of the mind a new constellation dazzles the eyes of all those who cannot find inner peace, an annunciation and storm-siren betokening a turning-point in world history, just as it once did for the kings from the East. From this point on the surrounding stars are engulfed in a fiery blaze, idols shatter into shards of clay, and everything that has taken shape hitherto is melted down in a thousand furnaces to be cast into new values.
Ernst Von Salomon, The Germany Of The Freikorps
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ernst von Salomon (1902-72) took part in Freikorps fights with Communists in the Eastern provinces as weU as in the abortive On I April 1919, Bismarck’s birthday-the right-wing parties were holding patriotic celebrations, we left Weimar and the regiment, twenty-eight men with Lieutenant Kay at the head, without any permission or an order to do so, and travelled to the Baltic.
Oswald Spengler, The Prussian Spirit: Salvation Of The White Race
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
make history through amorphous and unique expressions of force. The legions of Caesar are reawakening. Here, perhaps even in this century, the final decisions are waiting for the man to take them. In front of him the petty goals and concepts of today’s politics count as nothing. Whoever holds the sword which wrests victory now will be lord of the world. There lie the dice of this monstrous game.
Franz Pfeffer Von Salomon, Barren Trees
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
First of all I share with Strasser and all revolutionaries the view that property in Germany is wrongly distributed: property, power, culture are in the wrong hands, misery and ruin are suffered by the wrong people, and this situation is growing and consolidating itself to such an extent that only the most drastic, ruthless intervention can force German life and culture [Volkstum] back into the right paths. Immediately after this common assumption, however, the thinking diverges.
Gregor Strasser, Motherhood And Warriorhood As The Key To A National Socialism
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We are socialists. We are enemies, deadly enemies, of today’s capitalist economic system with its exploitation of the economically weak, its unfair wage system, its immoral way of judging the worth of human beings in terms of their wealth and their money, instead of their responsibility and performance, and we are determined to destroy this system whatever happens![... ] And yet it is not enough just to change the system, to replace one economic system by another; what is needed above all is to change the spirit! The spirit to be overcome is the spirit of materialism![... ] We must learn that work means more than possessions! Performance is more than dividends! It is the most wretched legacy of this capitalist system that the criterion for everything’s value is money, wealth, possessions! The decline of a people is the inevitable consequence of the use of this yardstick, because selection on the basis of property is the arch-enemy of race, blood, life! We have never left any doubts about the fact that our national socialism [nationaler Sozialismus] puts an end to the privileges of wealth, and that the emancipation of the worker involves participation in profits, property, and management.
Robert ley, The Joy of the National Socialist Economy
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Fortune has shone on us. It is as if fate wanted to compensate us a little for all the pain and the shame which we had to bear for years: first there was the enormous blood sacrifice which we had to make like no other people!26 And yet we still were denied victory; we still were defeated! And after suffering the heaviest losses of all time we had to endure the shame of defeat, subjugation, occupation. And now fate wants to make up everything to this so sorely tested people.
Heinrich Himmler, Moral Dilemmas
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this context and within this intimate circle I can refer to an issue which you, my fellow Party comrades, have all accepted as self-evident, but which has become for me the most difficult issue of my life, the Jewish issue. You all take it for granted as a self-evident and gratifying fact that there are no more Jews in your Gau. All Germans-with a few exceptions-are clear in their minds that we would not have held out against aerial bombardments and the pressures imposed by a fourth year of war, and maybe the fifth and sixth that lie in store, if we still had this plague destroying our people. The few words of the sentence ‘theJews must be exterminated’ are easy to say. Yet for those who must carry out what it demands it is the hardest and most difficult thing there is. You see, of course they are Jews, it is obvious, they are only Jews, but think yourselves how many-even Party members-have made their famous request to me or some other authority stating that of course allJews are swines, only that so-and-so is a decentJew and should not be harmed.[... ] In Germany we have so many millions of people each of whom knows decent Jews that this figure is already bigger than the actual number of Jews.
Oswald Mosley, Christ, Nietzsche, And Caesar
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Our opponents allege that Fascism has no historic background or philosophy, and it is my task this afternoon to suggest that Fascism has roots deep in history and has been sustained by some of the finest flights of the speculative mind. I am, of course, aware that not much philosophy attaches to our activities in the columns of the daily press, and when you read that I was to lecture on ‘The Philosophy of Fascism’, probably many of you said: ‘What has this gangster to do with philosophy?’ However, I trust you will believe that those great mirrors of the public mind do not always give a very accurate reflection, and while you only read of the more stirring moments of our progress, yet there are other moments, which have some depth in thought and constructive conception.[... ]
E d. Randell, britain awake!
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Comrades: the voices of the dead battalions Of those who fell that Britain might be great, Join in our song, for they still march in spirit with us And urge us on to gain the Fascist State! We’re of their blood, and spirit of their spirit, Sprung from that soil for whose dear sake they bled; ‘Gainst vested powers, Red Front, and massed ranks of Reaction We lead the fight for freedom and for bread! The streets are still; the final struggle’s ended; Flushed with the fight we proudly hail the dawn! See, over all the streets the Fascist banners wavmgTriumphant standard of a race reborn.
Gustavs Celmi S,A Latvian Latvia
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This extract is taken from a speech by theYerkonkrusts’ leader Gustavs Celmi,,J reported in the movement’s newspaper six months after the liberal government had tried unsuccessfully to ban it.
Today the Latvian people ask us: are you the ones who will make the Latvian master in his own land, who will save our nation from misery and collapse?[... ] We are the ones![... ] Our programme with its explanations is sufficient to form the foundation on which a Latvian State for Latvians can be built. These four principles make up the Perkonkrust’s political platform:
Ferenc Szalasi, Hungarism
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
original journey inland from the Cape was staged, led to the creation of an authentic fascist movement in the shape of the Ossewabrandwag (OB; Ox-Wagon Sentinel). Its vision of South Africa’s transformation into a ‘Christian Nationalist’ state soon attracted enough members for its leader, van Rensburg, to be able to offer Nazi agents a deal once Germany was at war with Britain. If supplied with enough arms by the Third Reich the 170,000 OB members, or rather its paramilitary formation, the Stormjaers, would stage a coup to overthrow the government, split between pro-British interventionists and neutralists. South Africa would then annex Southern Rhodesia and three British protectorates in exchange for naval and air bases. This led to Operation Weissdom to topple Smuts’s Government in 1941, plans for which were well under way before they were foiled by astute police action. Henceforth the OB ceased to be a credible revolutionary force, but remained a significant source of pro-Nazi Afrikaner ultra-nationalism till the war turned against the Third Reich. It also exerted considerable influence on the Afrikaner Werstandsbeweging formed after the war (see Text 206).
Carlos Keller, Chilean Actum And National Regeneration
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This sample of MNS ideology is taken from an article in the first issue of the movement’s newspaper Chilean Action, written by its leading ideologue, Hispano-German Carlos Keller in the heady days of its initial expansion.
Since the Pacific W ar’4 and the revolution of 1891,15 the Chilean people has entered a period of decadence, characterized by the prevalence of negative factors.
There is no doubt that the material progress which we have witnessed since the Pacific War is a consequence of the wealth it brought us. But this material progress.
Introduction
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
ow that some impression has been given of the sheer variety of fascisms which had sprung up before 1945, it is appropriate to review some of the approaches adopted by commentators and scholars intent on making sense of this new ‘ism’ which had burst so dramatically onto the scene. If they were not so varied, and in many cases contradictory, this would be unnecessary. However, as was indicated in the General Introduction, the phenomena denoted by the term ‘fascism’ shrink, expand, and change in their historical and geopolitical extension according to which ideal type is applied.
Giuseppe Borgese, The Makers Of Europe
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Not a single prophet, during more than a century of prophecies, analyzing the degradation of the romantic culture, or planning the split of the romantic atom, ever imagined anything like fascism. There was, in the lap of the future, communism and syndicalism and what not; there was anarchism, and legitimism, and even all-papacy; war, peace, pan-Germanism, pan-Slavism, Yellow Peril, signals to the planet Mars; there was no fascism. It came as a surprise to all, and to themselves too.
Hitler is only the shadow of Mussolini; but such a broad one that it seems doubtful if many sun rays for autonomous development are still left to Italian fascism. For the time being Mussolini, the creator, already looks like the precursor of Hitler, the imitator: a destiny allotted to many such geniuses.
R. Palme dutthe purging ares of fascism
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Marx and Engels long ago pointed out the inevitable working out of capitalism in barbarism and decay, if the working-class revolution should fail to conquer in time. Stage by stage, through imperialism and its world orgies of brutality and destruction, through the slaughter of the world war, and to-day through Fascism, we are tasting the first beginnings of this alternative.
It is time to end this chapter ofhuman history, before we have to tread this path still further, and to open the new one throughout the world which has already begun over one-sixth of the world. Only the working-class revolution can save humanity, can carry humanity forward, can organise the enormous powers of production that lie ready to hand.
G. D. H. Andm. 1. Cole, tribal loyalties
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Fascism is State-controlled Capitalism operated in the interests of the broad mass of property-owners, its conception being of course wide enough to include the possession of a superior type of education reserved for a few as in effect a form of property.
But it is also highly relevant that Fascism is nationalist. For there is an economic as well as a political reason for its nationalism. It must be nationalist because the national State is the only available instrument for guarding the rights of property against Socialist attack. This necessity explains the eagerness with which Fascist leaders play upon nationalist sentiment. But it does not, of course, explain the existence of the strength of the sentiment to which they are able to appeal. For the nationalist sentiment itself, though it is reinforced by economic considerations, does not depend mainly upon them, but arises rather in its present heightened state from the power of fear and the threat of insecurity to drive men back to primitive loyalties. Nationalism in its more exaggerated forms is the outcome of a fear complex expressing itself no longer in a group or tribal loyalty on a small scale but in a sense of the nation as the embodiment of collective power.
Seymour m. Lipset, extremism of the centre
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Before 1917 extremist political movements were usually thought of as a rightist phenomenon. Those who would eliminate democracy generally sought to restore monarchy or the rule of the aristocrats. After 1917 politicians and scholars alike began to refer to both left and right extremism, i.e., Communism and fascism. In this view,
extremists at either end of the political continuum develop into advocates of dictatorship, while the moderates of the center remain the defenders ofdemocracy. This chapter will attempt to show that this is an error-that extremist ideologies and groups can be classified and analyzed in the same terms as democratic groups,
The Frankfurt School, Fear And Destructiveness
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It seems obvious therefore that the modification of the potentially fascist structure cannot be achieved by psychological means alone. The task is comparable to that of eliminating neurosis, or delinquency, or nationalism from the world. These are products of the total organization of society and are to be changed only as that society is changed. It is not for the psychologist to say how such changes are to be brought about. The problem is one which requires the efforts of all social scientists. All that we would insist upon is that in the councils or round tables where the problem is considered and action planned the psychologist should have avoice. We believe that the scientific understanding of society must include an understanding of what it does to people, and that it is possible to have social reforms, even broad and sweeping ones, which though desirable in their own right would not necessarily change the structure of the prejudiced personality.
Barrington Moore, Blood And Death
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Though it might be equally profitable to undertake a parallel consideration of democratic failures that preceded fascism in Germany.Japan, and Italy, it is enough for present pwposes to notice that fascism is inconceivable without democracy or what is sometimes more turgidly called the entrance of the masses onto the historical stage. Fascism was an attempt to make reaction and conservatism popular and plebeian, through which conservatism, of course, lost the substantial connection it did have with freedom, some aspects of which were discussed in thepreceding chapter.
The conception of objective law vanished under fascism. Among its most significant features was a violent rejection of humanitarian ideals, including any notion of potential human equality. The fascist outlook stressed not only the inevitability of hierarchy, discipline, and obedience, but also posited that they were values in
Roger Eatwell, The New Synthesis
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Roger Eatwell teaches at the University of Bath and has specialized in the study of the right, with particular attention to Poujadism, the Holocaust denial, and British fascism. He has also contributed a sophisticated model with which to grasp the underlying coherence of fascist ideology in terms of the way, in evolving positions on a cluster of basic themes, it
synthesizes elements of right and lefi:, conservative and revolutionary currents of thought.
This approach has the merit ofhighlighting the structural affinity both between apparently conflicting forms of inter-war fascism, and between inter-war and post-war fascism or ‘neofascism’, which in some cases has moved a long way from its antecedents.
LEOn Degrelle, The Ideals Of The Fascist Era
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
You can see that the Spain of 1939 was not Germany of 1939.[... ] Yet the same dynamism was at work everywhere stirring the crowds, the same faith moved them, and a similar ideological bedrock could even be discerned underlying it. They shared the same reactions towards the old parties, all so sclerotic and corrupted by sordid compromises and devoid of imagination that they had nowhere brought social solutions on a sufficiently large scale or which were genuinely revolutionary. Meanwhile the people, worn down by long hours of work, miserably paid, inadequately protected against accidents at work, illnesses, or old age, waited full of impatience and anguish to be treated at last with humanity, not just materially but morally.
Gaston-Armand Amaudruz, How To Save Europe
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Some idea of the Byzantine interconnections of post-war fascism can be gl.eaned from the fact that the author of this piece is a Swiss closely associated in the late 1940s with La Sentinelle, published by the indefatigable French Eurofascist organizer, Rene Binet. Both had been active in setting up the Zurich conference for the hard-line racists who had split with non-Nazi fascists at the Malmo international congress of 1951. It was this which led to the creation ofLe Nouvel Ordre Europeen based in Switzerland, which produced L’Europe reelle, published in Brussels, and Europae, ‘official organ of NOE’. It was produced by the Barcelona branch of CEDADE, a Universal Nazi organization formed in 1965 by Spanish fascists and fugitives from the Axis Powers. The first issue contained, apart from the piece reproduced here, articles by Bardeche on ‘the real Europe’, Evola on ‘the problem of decadence’, a piece on eugenics, one on ‘genetic pollution’, and another on the dangers of democracy, all translated into German, Spanish, English, French, and Italian.
Frente Nacional, Living Stones Of The New Spain
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nearly four decades of authoritarian rule under Franco seem to have left most Spaniards disenchanted with ultra-right solutions to the problems of State, and both the nostalgic and neofascist right have remained highly marginalized. The only potential leader figure with some charisma has been Blas Pinar, who founded the Frente Nacional in 1986 after the
An Inheritance Reaffirmed: Weber
Authors: Al Howard Newby Et 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The second half of our report addresses the thesis that class conflict has somehow been restructured. In particular we concentrate on the themes of sectionalism, egoism, privatism, and fatalism. These have been well sum¬ marized by, among others, Lukes and Hobsbawm. The argument here, it will be remembered, is that technological change, the increased participation of women in paid labour, and ‘politicization of the market’ via state intervention in economic processes, together with the shift from manufacturing to service industries, have made the distinction between manual and nonmanual labour largely irrelevant. Indeed, with the rise of mass production and consumption, labour or work itself has become less central to the identity and consciousness of workers.
Sociology and the Study of Society
Authors: Touraine Alain 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The acceleration and expansion of change has modified our image of social life. The latter is dominated by the level of action through which human societies create and transform themselves. The analysis of modem societies, which is the specific field of sociology, was at first identified with the study of political and juridical institutions, because the most important things in these societies were the movement of commodities and capital, the security of roads, the respect of contracts and the standardization of weights and measures; this gave rise to a juridical interpretation of social life as a totality of regulated exchanges.
The Reality of Representation and the Representation of Reality
Authors: Bourdieu Pierre 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The classifying subjects who classify the properties and practices of others, or their own, are also classifiable objects which classify themselves (in the eyes of others) by appropriating practices and properties that are already classified (as vulgar or distinguished, high or low, heavy or light etc.—in other words, in the last analysis, as popular or bourgeois) according to their probable distribution between groups that are themselves classified. The most classifying and best classified of these properties are, of course, those which are overtly designated to function as signs of distinction or marks of infamy, stigmata, especially the names and titles expressing class membership whose intersection defines social identity at any given time—the name of a nation, a region, an ethnic group, a family name, the name of an occupation, an educational qualification, honorific titles and so on. Those who classify themselves or others, by appropriating or classifying practices or properties that are classified and classifying, cannot be unaware that, through distinctive objects or practices in which their ‘powers’ are expressed and which, being appropriated by and appropriate to classes, classify those who appropriate them, they classify themselves in the eyes of other classifying (but also classifiable) subjects, endowed with classificatory schemes analogous to those which enable them more or less adequately to anticipate their own classification.