bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on immobilisation process on lateral flow assay test strip for detection of Enrofloxacin antibiotic by inkjet printing
Authors: Dinh Duc Minh Trinh , Le Anh Van Thi , Lam Phuong Hong , Le Mai Thi , Dang Dung My Thi , Dang Chien Mau , Le Ngan Nguyen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Enrofloxacin has been widely and increasingly used in veterinary medicine to treat infection on animals which could lead to antibiotic resistance for the consumer. Among the available detection techniques for Enrofloxacin, immunoassay lateral flow test strip is realised to be a rapid and accurate detection method for on-site analysis of Enrofloxacin antibiotic. The current study aims to analyse the application of inkjet printing technology on the immobilisation of biological substances at the test line and control line position of the test strip. With the printing parameters value at 35 °C, 35 °C, 7 layers and 15 μm for cartridge temperature, substrate temperature, printing layers and drop spacing, respectively, the fabricated test strips show correlation coefficient R
2 at 0.993 for the test with Enrofloxacin samples in the concentration range from 0 to 100 ppb. Compared to conventional fabrication method, the immobilisation process utilising inkjet printing technology is considered to be superior in printing patterns with a simple and material-saving process, which holds a potential of innovative and financially beneficial approach for on-site detection of Enrofloxacin antibiotic.
Microstructure and magnetic properties of MnBi powders prepared by various ball milling processes
Authors: Li Chengyu , Yang Yang , Lu Shunda , Xiang Zhen , Chen Linfeng , Truong Nguyen Xuan , Xu Huiyu , Lu Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The MnBi intermetallic compound with high purity of low-temperature phase MnBi (LTP-MnBi) and high maximum energy product (BH)max were successfully prepared using various ball milling processes. The effects of ball milling speed and duration on the microstructures, phase compositions, and magnetic properties of MnBi alloys were systematically investigated. The particle size of MnBi and the purity of LTP-MnBi gradually decreased with increasing ball milling speed. An optimized ball milling speed of 175 rpm resulted in MnBi powder with the (BH)max of 9.22 MGOe and a squareness (M
r/M
s) of 93.7%. Furthermore, the ball milling duration was optimized to observe its impact on the MnBi alloy. As the duration increased, the average particle size of MnBi decreased from 27 μm at 0 h to 1.84 μm at 10 h. Simultaneously, the coercivity (H
c) increased from 0.7 T at 0 h to 1.7 T at 10 h. Ultimately, the powder ball milled at 175 rpm for 5 h exhibited the highest (BH)max of 11.3 MGOe.
High temperature oxidation behaviors of Al/Cr composite coating on Ti2AlNb alloy
Authors: Yang Zhengang , Liang Wenping , Hu Linquan , Zhang Zhengwen , Wang He , Chen Bowen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Al/Cr coatings were deposited on Ti2AlNb alloy by magnetron sputtering and double glow plasma alloying technology to improve the oxidation resistance. The morphology of the protective coating was investigated by scanning electron microcopy and the phase composition of the coating was analyzed using x-ray diffraction. The results suggested that the protective coating with multilayer structure was dense and homogeneous. The formation of Cr inner diffusion layer was beneficial to the bonding strength between the coating and substrate, which was attributable to the double glow technology. The oxidation behaviors of Al/Cr coating were investigated by the isothermal oxidation tests for 100 h at 700 °C, 800 °C and 900 °C, respectively. The results indicated that the protective coating showed a lower oxidation rate. At 700 °C, the Al2O3 oxidation products were formed on the surface of coating at high temperature, which were dense and homogeneous against oxygen diffusion. With the increase of oxidation temperature, the external diffusion of Cr element reacted with oxygen to form Cr2O3, which provided the further protection. As for 900 °C, the volatile CrO3 was formed by the reaction of the external diffusion of Cr and Cr2O3, and the oxidation products Al2O3 and Cr2O3 continued to provide protection for Ti2AlNb alloy.
The effect of MoAlB substitutions on the oxidation behavior of ZrB2-SiC Composites at 1600 °C
Authors: Xu Yashuang , Liu Ling , Liu Yanbo , Ma Zhuang , Yang Shirui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
ZrB2-SiC ceramics are potential candidates for thermal protection materials for re-entry and hypersonic vehicles. Phases are typically added to ZrB2-SiC to enhance the oxidation resistance of the material. MoAlB is an attractive nanolaminated ternary boride compound. Due to its damage tolerance, crack healing ability, and good oxidation resistance, MoAlB is a promising material for high-temperature applications. Therefore, the effect of MoAlB substitution on the oxidation of ZrB2-SiC at 1600 °C for 10 h was evaluated. Five samples with different MoAlB contents (0 vol%, 4 vol%, 8 vol%, 12 vol%, 16 vol%) were prepared. The results indicate that ZrB2-SiC-8vol%MoAlB exhibits improved oxidation resistance compared to ZrB2-SiC. After being oxidized at 1600 °C for 10 h, the thickness of the oxide layer on ZrB2-SiC-8vol%MoAlB was significantly smaller than that on ZrB2-SiC. The thickness of the oxide layer in ZrB2-SiC was 250 μm, while the thickness of the oxide layer in ZrB2-SiC-8vol%MoAlB was 108 μm. The formation of dendritic crystals on the surface of ZrB2-SiC-4vol%MoAlB destroys the oxide layer, leading to a decrease in the oxidation resistance of material. The mass gain of ZrB2-SiC-12vol%MoAlB and ZrB2-SiC-16vol%MoAlB is greater, and the oxidation layer is thicker, indicating a lower oxidation resistance.
Influence of silica rich HNT/MoS2 hybrid reinforcements on mechanical, wear and corrosion characteristics of magnesium AZ31 alloy
Authors: Aliasker K T , Gopal P M , S Rajesh , Sadasivam Sasivaradhan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article examines the effects of combining silica-rich Halloysite Nano Tube (HNT) and Molybdenum di Sulphide (MoS2) as hybrid reinforcements, dispersed at volumes of 2, 4, and 6%, on the surface of AZ31 alloy through the application of the friction stir process (FSP). The prepared composites were analysed to evaluate their microstructure, mechanical properties, wear resistance, and corrosion characteristics. Microstructural observations indicate the occurrence of rapid recrystallization, resulting in reduced grain size and uniform dispersion. The surface composite demonstrates an increasing trend in hardness with the addition of HNT, while hardness decreases with the inclusion of MoS2. The micro tensile test results exhibits that the composite exhibits an increasing trend in strength, while the micrograph of the fractured surface of the micro tensile specimens reveals reduced ductility. The composite displays enhanced wear behaviour with the increasing volume percentages of HNT and MoS2 particles. Solid lubricant nature of the secondary reinforcement and enhanced hardness due to HNT addition and FSP leads to higher wear resistance of the developed hybrid composite. Additionally, the corrosion rate decreases with the addition of HNT, whereas higher concentrations of MoS2 lead to increased corrosion.
A physiological model of phrenic nerve excitation by electrical stimulation
Authors: Lohse Arnhold , Deininger Matthias Manfred , Loeser Johannes , Roehren Felix , Ziles Dmitrij , Breuer Thomas , Leonhardt Steffen , Walter Marian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Mechanical ventilation is essential in intensive care treatment but leads to diaphragmatic atrophy, which in turn contributes to prolonged weaning and increased mortality. One approach to prevent diaphragmatic atrophy while achieving pulmonary ventilation is electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerve. To automize phrenic nerve stimulation resulting in lung protective tidal volumes with lowest possible currents, mathematical models are required. Nerve stimulation models are often complex, so many parameters have to be identified prior to implementation. This paper presents a novel, simplified approach to model phrenic nerve excitation to obtain an individualized patient model using a few data points. The latter is based on the idea that nerve fibers are excited when the electric field exceeds a threshold. The effect of the geometry parameter on the model output was analyzed, and the model was validated with measurement data from a pig trial (RMSE in between 0.44 × 10−2 and 1.64 × 10−2 for parameterized models). The modeled phrenic nerve excitation behaved similarly to the measured tidal volumes, and thus could be used to develop automated phrenic nerve stimulation systems for lung protective ventilation.
Information bottleneck in peptide conformation determination by x-ray absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Eronen Eemeli A , Vladyka Anton , Gerbon Florent , Sahle Christoph J , Niskanen Johannes 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We apply a recently developed technique utilizing machine learning for statistical analysis of computational nitrogen K-edge spectra of aqueous triglycine. This method, the emulator-based component analysis, identifies spectrally relevant structural degrees of freedom from a data set filtering irrelevant ones out. Thus tremendous reduction in the dimensionality of the ill-posed nonlinear inverse problem of spectrum interpretation is achieved. Structural and spectral variation across the sampled phase space is notable. Using these data, we train a neural network to predict the intensities of spectral regions of interest from the structure. These regions are defined by the temperature-difference profile of the simulated spectra, and the analysis yields a structural interpretation for their behavior. Even though the utilized local many-body tensor representation implicitly encodes the secondary structure of the peptide, our approach proves that this information is irrecoverable from the spectra. A hard x-ray Raman scattering experiment confirms the overall sensibility of the simulated spectra, but the predicted temperature-dependent effects therein remain beyond the achieved statistical confidence level.
Bound on the distance between controlled quantum state and target state under decoherence
Authors: Kobayashi Kohei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
To implement quantum information technologies, carefully designed control for preparing a desired state plays a key role. However, in realistic situation, the actual performance of those methodologies is severely limited by decoherence. Therefore, it is important to evaluate how close we can steer the controlled state to a desired target state under decoherence. In this paper, we provide an upper bound of the distance between the two controlled quantum systems in the presence and absence of decoherence. The bound quantifies the degree of achievement of the control for a given target state under decoherence, and can be straightforwardly calculated without solving any equation. Moreover, the upper bound is applied to derive a theoretical limit of the probability for obtaining the target state under decoherence.
Study on the performance of reciprocating seals under the coupling effect of elastohydrodynamic lubrication and rubber wear
Authors: Zhang Yi , Wei Fu , Lin Shuai , Sun Xuebin , Liu Ling 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Due to the lack of research on the sealing performance of reciprocating combined seals under the coupling of elastohydrodynamic lubrication and rubber wear, this paper uses the UMESHMOTION user subroutine and the improved Archard model to realize the dynamic wear process of the combined seals and the adaptive meshing of the local area to simulate the wear of the seals. At the same time, combined with the elastohydrodynamic lubrication model of the toothed slip ring combined seal ring, the sealing performance of the reciprocating combination under mixed lubrication conditions is studied. Finally, the accuracy of the model is verified by building a two-cylinder reciprocating seal test bench with more accurate measurement. The results show that the influence of the change of fluid pressure on the wear of the seal lip is greater in the fast wear stage than in the stable wear stage. The influence of the change of interference on the wear of the sealing lip is small at different wear stages. The wear of the sealing lip has a significant effect on the sealing performance of the instroke, but has little effect on the sealing performance of the outstroke.
Design of lateral β-Ga2O3 MOSFET with PFOM of 769.42 MW cm–2
Authors: Zhang Yunfei , Luan Suzhen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Power figure of Merit (PFOM = Vbr
2/Ron,sp) is used to evaluate the performance of Gallium Oxide (β-Ga2O3) power devices. In this study, a lateral β-Ga2O3 MOSFET device is designed. The effects of different gate lengths, gate-drain distances, and epitaxial layer doping concentrations on the device performance are investigated. It is found that when the gate length is 3 μm, the breakdown voltage of the device is 3099 V, which is approximately twice that of devices with other gate lengths. The PFOM of the device reaches 769.14MW cm–2. Furthermore, the breakdownvoltage exhibits a trend of initially decreasing and then increasing with the increase of the gate-drain distance. When the gate-drain distance is 37 μm, the breakdown voltage of the device reaches 4367 V. Additionally, it is observed that the device performance is optimal when the epitaxial layer doping concentration is 2 × 1017 cm−3. This study provides a new approach for the design of Gallium Oxide power devices.
Variance extrapolation method for neural-network variational Monte Carlo
Authors: Fu Weizhong , Ren Weiluo , Chen Ji 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Constructing more expressive ansatz has been a primary focus for quantum Monte Carlo, aimed at more accurate ab initio calculations. However, with more powerful ansatz, e.g. various recent developed models based on neural-network architectures, the training becomes more difficult and expensive, which may have a counterproductive effect on the accuracy of calculation. In this work, we propose to make use of the training data to perform empirical variance extrapolation when using neural-network ansatz in variational Monte Carlo. We show that this approach can speed up the convergence and surpass the ansatz limitation to obtain an improved estimation of the energy. Moreover, variance extrapolation greatly enhances the error cancellation capability, resulting in significantly improved relative energy outcomes, which are the keys to chemistry and physics problems.
CoRe optimizer: an all-in-one solution for machine learning
Authors: Eckhoff Marco , Reiher Markus 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The optimization algorithm and its hyperparameters can significantly affect the training speed and resulting model accuracy in machine learning (ML) applications. The wish list for an ideal optimizer includes fast and smooth convergence to low error, low computational demand, and general applicability. Our recently introduced continual resilient (CoRe) optimizer has shown superior performance compared to other state-of-the-art first-order gradient-based optimizers for training lifelong ML potentials. In this work we provide an extensive performance comparison of the CoRe optimizer and nine other optimization algorithms including the Adam optimizer and resilient backpropagation (RPROP) for diverse ML tasks. We analyze the influence of different hyperparameters and provide generally applicable values. The CoRe optimizer yields best or competitive performance in every investigated application, while only one hyperparameter needs to be changed depending on mini-batch or batch learning.
Effects of past mating behavior versus past ejaculation on male mate choice and male attractiveness
Authors: Chung Meng-Han Joseph , Head Megan L , Fox Rebecca J , Jennions Michael D 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Past reproductive effort allows males to assess their ability to acquire mates, but it also consumes resources that can reduce their future competitive ability. Few studies have examined how a male’s reproductive history affects his subsequent mate choice, and, to date, no study has determined the relative contribution of past mating behavior and past ejaculate production because these two forms of investment are naturally highly correlated. Here, we disentangled the relative effects of past mating behavior and past ejaculate production in mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) by experimentally preventing some males from ejaculating when trying to mate. We assessed the effect of mating behavior on mate choice by comparing males that had previously been with or without access to females and male rivals for 8 and 16 weeks and assessed the effect of ejaculation on mate choice by comparing males that either could or could not ejaculate when they had access to females for 16 weeks. Reproductive treatment did not affect male attractiveness, but it did affect male mate choice. Somewhat surprisingly, in five of the six treatment-by-age at testing combinations, males preferred a female in the vicinity of a male rival over a solitary female. This preference was marginally stronger for males that had previously engaged in mating behavior but were unaffected by past ejaculate production. We discuss the potential benefits to males of associating with another male when seeking mates. This is the first study to quantify the relative influence of pre- and post-copulatory reproductive investment on male mate choice.
Population turnover, behavioral conservatism, and rates of cultural evolution
Authors: Dyble Mark , Micheletti Alberto J C 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cultural evolution facilitates behavioral adaptation in many species. The pace of cultural evolution can be accelerated by population turnover, where newcomers (immigrants or juvenile recruits) introduce adaptive cultural traits into their new group. However, where newcomers are naïve to the challenges of their new group, population turnover could potentially slow the rate of cultural evolution. Here, we model cultural evolution with population turnover and show that even if turnover results in the replacement of experienced individuals with naïve ones, turnover can still accelerate cultural evolution if (1) the rate of social learning is more than twice as fast as the turnover rate and (b) newcomers are more likely to learn socially than behaviorally conservative existing group members. Although population turnover is a relatively simple factor, it is common to all animal societies, and variation in the turnover rate may potentially play an important role in explaining variation in the occurrence and rates of adaptive cultural evolution across species.
Low sex drive and choosy females: fungal infections are a reproductive downfall for male house flies
Authors: Edwards Sam , Bath Eleanor , De Fine Licht Henrik H 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Many entomopathogenic fungi cause infections that kill their insect host. Little is understood about changes in the reproductive investment that occurs during an infection by a lethal disease over the waning life of an insect. Life-history theory suggests the host will respond by investing resources into fighting the disease or increasing reproduction. Here, we investigate how the reproductive life of adult house flies, Musca domestica, is impacted by its host-specific fungal pathogen, Entomophthora muscae. Specifically, we test how the week-long infection alters the mating behavior of virgin adult male house flies. We find that the pathogen significantly decreases male libido, an effect which grows stronger over the course of the infection. Furthermore, females were significantly less likely to choose an infected male, reducing male mating success. Additionally, we assessed sperm viability to understand the reproductive costs for monandrous females to mate with infected males. Analyses revealed that sperm quality decreases as early as 3 days post-infection. These results show that E. muscae, which can have a prevalence near 100% in wild populations, causes severe lifetime reproductive costs to male house flies. Understanding how host–pathogen interactions affect host life history is crucial for elucidating all the negative effects pathogen virulence exerts on hosts.
A new trophic specialization buffers a top predator against climate-driven resource instability
Authors: Gangoso Laura , Viana Duarte S , Merchán Marina , Figuerola Jordi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Intraspecific phenotypic variability is key to respond to environmental changes and anomalies. However, documenting the emergence of behavioral diversification in natural populations has remained elusive due to the difficulty of observing such a phenomenon at the right time and place. Here, we investigated how the emergence of a new trophic strategy in a population subjected to high fluctuations in the availability of its main trophic resource (migrating songbirds) affected the breeding performance, population structure, and population fitness of a specialized color polymorphic predator, the Eleonora’s falcon from the Canary Islands. Using long-term data (2007–2022), we found that the exploitation of an alternative prey (a local petrel species) was associated with the growth of a previously residual falcon colony. Pairs in this colony laid earlier and raised more fledglings than in the other established colonies. The specialization on petrels increased over time, independently of annual fluctuations in prey availability. Importantly, however, the positive effect of petrel consumption on productivity was stronger in years with lower food availability. This trophic diversification was further associated with the genetically determined color morph, with dark individuals preying more frequently on petrels than pale ones, which might promote the long-term maintenance of genotypic and phenotypic diversity. We empirically demonstrate how the emergence of an alternative trophic strategy can buffer populations against harsh environmental fluctuations by stabilizing their productivity.
Accurate identification of structural variations from cancer samples
Authors: Li Le , Hong Chenyang , Xu Jie , Chung Claire Yik-Lok , Leung Alden King-Yung , Boncan Delbert Almerick T , Cheng Lixin , Lo Kwok-Wai , Lai Paul B S , Wong John , Zhou Jingying , Cheng Alfred Sze-Lok , Chan Ting-Fung , Yue Feng , Yip Kevin Y 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Structural variations (SVs) are commonly found in cancer genomes. They can cause gene amplification, deletion and fusion, among other functional consequences. With an average read length of hundreds of kilobases, nano-channel-based optical DNA mapping is powerful in detecting large SVs. However, existing SV calling methods are not tailored for cancer samples, which have special properties such as mixed cell types and sub-clones. Here we propose the Cancer Optical Mapping for detecting Structural Variations (COMSV) method that is specifically designed for cancer samples. It shows high sensitivity and specificity in benchmark comparisons. Applying to cancer cell lines and patient samples, COMSV identifies hundreds of novel SVs per sample.