bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: Soyinka Wole 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the 1992 presidential elections, it would appear that the United States stood a reasonable chance of acquiring a new president in the person of a certain Mr. David Duke. Who knows, it may yet happen. No, perhaps we should consider it unlikely; but the state of Louisiana may eventually settle on him as its governor or reward his industry with a senatorial seat—Mr. Duke appears quite determined to move into the power structure at some level or another. For the moment, however, he may be said to have declined into a state of well-earned obscurity in the United States. Not elsewhere though; not in Germany where, a few years ago, it was reported that he had made his presence felt in familiar ideological territory. Even more recently, Mr. Duke appears to have sought a new lease on life in South Africa.
What is remarkable about Mr. Duke and his bid to represent the Republican party as a presidential candidate? Simply that many Americans were startled to learn that he was a prominent and still active member of the Ku Klux Klan. He lost at the primaries of course, but his loss in the governorship race was a narrow one, and that fact remains a frightening reminder of the yet unconcluded business of racism, not only in the United States, but in much of Europe and the recently desegregated society of apartheid South Africa. After Mr. Duke’s political setbacks in his own country, he cavorted briefly with the neo-Nazis and skinheads in Germany but found that the Germans, eager to renounce and distance themselves from any glorification of their shameful past, wisely kept him—in the main—at arm’s length.
A Natural History of Plants, Animals, and People
Authors: Smith Nigel J H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The floodplain forest of the Amazon is the last major agricultural frontier of the Americas. This unique habitat, inundated in some places to a depth of thirty feet a year, contains a marvellous variety of plant and animal resources that inhabitants have long reaped--fruit, nuts, building materials, fuelwood, and medicinal plants. While the floodplain has great potential for food production, its natural resource base is becoming increasingly threatened by ranching and agricultural expansion and impaired by inappropriate land-use practices. This important book, based both on field observations carried out over the past quarter century and historical material, demonstrates that knowledge possessed by area dwellers offers vital insights for promoting the sound economic development of the floodplain. Nigel Smith argues for the importance of balance between land-use systems, and suggests that research and development should be realigned to incorporate both modern science and traditional systems. Beautifully illustrated with the author's own photographs, this authoritative volume explores a broad range of ecological, historical, cultural, and socioeconomic issues, and offers practical suggestions for developing the floodplain that enhance, rather than destroy, biodiversity.
A Forest Cornucopia
Authors: Smith Nigel J H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Floodplain forests are biologically diverse, in spite of the annual floods, and people have learned to tap this biodiversity for food, medicines, and other uses. Inhabitants of the Amazon floodplain gather fruits, nuts, barks, and other plant products from a wide variety of habitats, ranging from flooded forests to floating meadows and weedy communities around garden plots and homes. The composition of the varzea forest changes markedly along the Amazon. Some species are found only in the middle or upper stretches, while other plants are widespread but occur in concentrations. Gathering activities follow a seasonal rhythm. Some species fruit during the dry season, while others release their fruits at high water to be dispersed by currents or fish. Floodplain residents thus benefit from a year-round supply of food, building materials, and other supplies for the household gathered from the wild.
Question about Globalization
Authors: Küng Hans 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Globalization is the great hope for some and the great terror for others. The fact is that the world economy is in an upheaval: it is growing together and forming a network. Even China and the former Soviet bloc have opened up; the ASEAN states are showing a tremendous economic dynamic which is rapidly also spreading to China. All over the world giant new markets are forming, with offers of goods and labour and possibilities of communication, but at the same time competition is hardening world-wide and there is growing unemployment in the industrial nations. There is no question that the epoch-making paradigm shift which has also been evident in the economy since the First World War and the rise of the new economic great powers, the USA and the USSR, away from a Eurocentric to a polycentric world economy, has achieved its definitive breakthrough after the collapse of the Soviet block and the globalization processes of the 1990s.
Introduction: Swept Away the Truth about Dirt
Authors: McHugh Kathleen Anne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Housekeeping as Autobiography: Two Kinds of Invisibility Here, a photograph found by chance in an old family scrapbook, detailing a moment perhaps completely forgotten by both participants. A mother and daughter. Coffee. Date? The 1950s, the era of domesticity, of the baby boom, denoted by the clothing, the round bulky lines of the refrigerator, the serrated edges of the black-and-white photo. A memento from the private sphere, from the space of the family, the photo depicts a mute pedagogy, knowledge passed on by a miming of the mother, by a wordless exchange. The child’s chin cranes upward, looking on to adapt her pose to that of her mother. The mother is working, preparing coffee for absent others. Her work; a child’s play.
Lessons in Labor and Love the Melodramatic Imperatives of Hollywood Housekeeping
Authors: McHugh Kathleen Anne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Griffith’s domestic melodramas illustrate with particular clarity the representational conventions that the cinema inherited from nineteenth-century domesticity. Yet his Victorian vision of a highly moralized performative femininity was not only anachronistic and excessively sentimental, it was also represented as opposed to leisure and overt displays of sexuality, two crucial attractions of the nascent film industry. Griffith’s sensibility was quickly supplanted by more sophisticated renderings of “appropriate” domestic life that tended to validate leisure and commodity acquisition and suppress the fact of domestic labor. Furthermore, even during Griffith’s heyday, an array of films took on the question of women’s work and its value within the home and marriage from a much more modern viewpoint. Many of these films were comedies, such as A Windy Day on the Roof and Alice Guy Blache’s A House Divided (1913), though others adopted didactic formats that, while lacking the sensations and extreme moral polarities of melodramas like Griffith’s, nevertheless recounted implicitly pedagogical stories about proper domesticity. These films reveal the explicitly moral and implicitly political standards that now defined the “goodness” of home and wife within a secular commodity culture. Their narratives foreground the values that constituted the success and competence of domestic femininity as it was disengaged from images of useful labor.
Housekeeping against the Grain Feminist Domesticity’s Visible Style
Authors: McHugh Kathleen Anne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In a series of superimposed stills, a broom moves back and forth, sweeping dirt off the bricks of a patio. No hand is visible; the camera frames the bristles of the broom. Beneath the dirt, a word emerges-a brand name engraved on the brick. The word is “savage,” a term that also describes the character of the surface that the brick covers and civilizes. The image, from Patricia Gruben’s experimental film The Central Character (1977), captures the salient motif of the work, the role housekeeping plays in articulating and maintaining the oppositions between surface and depth, inside and outside, nature and culture. Yet, as the paradoxical image-inscription suggests, these apparently separate categories overlap, imbricated in a pattern of distinct but interdependent surfaces.
Experimental Domesticities Patricia Gruben’s The Central Character and Zeinabu Davis’s Cycles
Authors: McHugh Kathleen Anne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1960 Yoko Ono wrote Kitchen Piece as part of her Instruction Paintings series: “Hang a canvas on a wall. Throw all the leftovers you have in the kitchen that day on the canvas. You may prepare special food for the piece.” Just as Lydia Child appropriated the recipe to serve as the basis for a system of knowledge about domesticity, so Ono takes it up to fashion a stunning piece of conceptual art that confounds instructions and experience, print and image, art concept and art object. Kitchen Piece also solicits an entirely different public and orientation for the recipe, the kitchen, and the home-cooked meal. She transforms what has been understood as the antithesis of art into its very mode and substance. Before her time in this, as in many other aspects of her work, Ono anticipates U.S. feminist artists’ intense interest in the domestic from the 1970s onward.
Transportation, Environment, and Hazards
Authors: Miller Harvey J , Shaw Shih-Lung 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Transportation facilities and systems are major sources of environmental degradation and risk in modern societies. Building transportation facilities requires major alterations to the physical environment, often creating negative impacts on sensitive environmental features and hydrological systems and visual blight in natural or historical areas. Automobile-oriented transportation systems are a major source of energy consumption and air pollution. Transportation systems also have an inherent degree of risk due to accidents, potentially causing harm to individuals and property.
Introduction
Authors: Reynolds Larry J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
With the publication of Twice-Told Tales in 1837, Nathaniel Hawthorne gained recognition as an important American author; “a new star rises in the heavens,” declared his friend Henry Wadsworth Longfellow in a review of the book. Some thirteen years later, with the publication of The Scarlet Letter (1850), Hawthorne joined the ranks of Americaߣs greatest writers. “None but a man of true genius and a highly cultivated mind could have written it,” declared a typical contemporary review. “It is a work of rare, we may say of fearful power.” During the 150 years since the publication of his masterpiece, Hawthorne has continued to occupy a central place in the American literary canon despite major shifts in critical fashions and reading tastes. Although recent scholarship has revealed the ways that influential friends, editors, and publishers assisted in the construction of Hawthorneߣs literary reputation, his short stories and novels continue to speak to a reading public fascinated by stories of sin and guilt and by exceptional individuals struggling with themselves and repressive institutions.
Hawthorne and Children in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Brown Gillian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When Hawthorne rewrote the story of King Midas for his 1852 collection of children’s stories, A Wonder-Book for Girls and Boys , he added the character of a daughter, whom he called Marygold. Midas, we are told, loved this “little maiden who played so merrily around her father’s footstool. But the more Midas loved his daughter, the more he did desire and seek for wealth,” thinking, “the best thing he could possibly do for this dear child would be to bequeath her the immensest pile of yellow, glistening gold, that had ever been heaped together since the world was made.” Even though she is the intended beneficiary of Midas’s gold, Marygold herself does not at all share her father’s “insane desire for riches.”
Hawthorne and the Visual Arts
Authors: Gollin Rita K 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nathaniel Hawthorne was born into a confident and rapidly expanding America where the visual arts were of little importance. There were no major collections of art, no government patronage of the arts nor generous private patrons, no academies where aspiring artists could develop their skills. Benjamin West and John Singleton Copley had done fine work in America, but then both moved to London and remained there for the rest of their lives. English-born portraitists like John Smibert had prospered in. colonial times, and Gilbert Stuart’s reputation soared when he returned from England to the new republic. During the early decades of the nineteenth century, talented painters like John Vanderlyn and Washington Allston spent long stretches of time in France and Italy. When they returned home, they were imbued with European standards of High Art, which preferred sacred, mythological, and historical subject matter to representations of present-day realities.
Genetics of Emotional Development
Authors: Goldsmith H Hill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The genetics of early emotional development is both a big and a small topic. The literature is a small one when emotional development is defined narrowly as involving measurement of relatively “pure” emotion expression or reception. However, the literature is substantial when we turn to the genetics of emotion-relevant features of temperament and psychopathology in early development. Rather than a comprehensive review, this chapter samples the literature, noting how various aspects of temperament or psychopathology relate to emotion. The chapter depends on the four other contributions in this part of the Handbook to elaborate the nongenetic, developmental aspects of the emotional phenomena that it features. In practical research on genetics, however, these developmental issues need to be integrated into the design of studies and assessment of infants and children. The chapter begins with a brief description of what is entailed in the behavior-genetic research paradigm. After this conceptual overview, both concepts of behavioral genetics and illustrative empirical findings on temperament and emotion-related psychopathology are treated. When possible, the examples in this lengthy section are drawn from typical infant and childhood development or from childhood psychopathology. The emphasis in this section is on quantitative genetic approaches. The next section turns to molecular genetic approaches in humans and describes linkage and association studies. Recently, this has become a very large field, heavily weighted toward analyses of disorders rather than quantitative variation. Then, the chapter turns to a few examples of nonhuman animal research to illustrate the potential of complementary animal and human approaches. This section is highly selective and brief; fortunately, other chapters in this handbook provide much more detail on the animal studies. The chapter concludes with the prospects for integrating molecular and quantitative genetic approaches and for dealing with complex, nonlinear systems. To place any particular set of behavior-genetic results in proper perspective, it is well to have in mind the broader paradigm of research in this field. This paradigm, as outlined in Table 16.1, applies to any phenotypic behavioral pattern. The term “emotion phenotype” in the table can be understood as “emotional trait” or “emotional disorder” within the context of this chapter.
Language and Emotion
Authors: Reilly Judy , Seibert Laura 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For centuries, philosophers have been concerned with the two basic human systems involved in communication: language and emotion. The first reported experiment on language was conducted in the 7th century B.C. by the Egyptian King Psammetichus. He reputedly left two infants in an isolated mountain hideaway as a means to discover the “original” language of humans. Somewhat later, in the 4th century B.C., in the dialogue Cratylus, Plato wrote on the nature of reference and the origins of words. With respect to emotion, in modern times, Darwin has made the most impact and is cited in virtually every study of emotion. However, we have records from the Greeks discussing emotion and temperament and the role of the bodily humors in mediating emotions. Thus, from the oldest available records, language and emotion have been central themes in human behavior. What is most striking, however, is that these two literatures, which are both vast and voluminous, rarely refer to one another. These nonintersecting paths continue to this day, with linguists rarely referring to emotion and the influences it may have on language, and psychologists working in the area of emotions rarely considering language and how these systems intersect. Nonetheless, these two systems are concurrently involved in daily interactions of members of all cultures: In natural discourse, any linguistic utterance is produced and interpreted in an emotional context. Moreover, specific utterances convey emotion and are interpreted as emotionally significant. A spoken utterance can incorporate emotional information paralinguistically, using facial expression, vocal prosody, and gesture, as in, “JOHN!” (walking toward the person, arms outstretched, smiling). Or similar emotional information can be lexically encoded within the actual words of the sentence, as in “John, I am so very happy to see you again.” Finally, speakers and writers have a vast repertoire of linguistic devices to convey subtle attitudinal information to “color” their utterances, and these can reflect emotional stance. For example, minimal modifications of the verb of the simple declarative sentence “I eat squid” can indicate a broad spectrum of personal preferences: I adore eating squid; I’ll eat squid; I might eat squid; I could eat squid; I don’t eat squid; I never eat squid; to I detest eating squid. In this chapter, we examine some of the different relationships of language and emotion by focusing on their expression, and the integration of their co-expression from primarily a developmental perspective. In cultures all over the world, infants begin to produce their first words around their first birthday, yet they are already skilled affective communicators. One question that arises is the role affective expression plays in language acquisition. One possibility, reflecting a modular viewpoint, is that the systems develop orthogonally to one another; a second option, from a broader cognitive perspective is that the two communicative systems are linked.
Emotional Factors in Attitudes and Persuasion
Authors: Petty Richard E , Fabrigar, Leandre R , Wegener Duane T 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this chapter we examine the role of emotional factors in attitudes and persuasion. Attitudes refer to people’s global evaluations of any object, such as oneself, other people, possessions, issues, abstract concepts, and so forth. Thus a person’s dislike of ice cream and favorable predisposition toward a political candidate are examples of attitudes. Persuasion is said to occur when a person’s attitude changes. Change can refer to moving from no attitude to some attitude or from one attitude to another. Persuasion can be very explicit and blatant, such as when a person sets out to modify another’s evaluation and provides a strong communication against the other’s point of view, or it can be rather implicit and subtle, such as when a person’s attitude changes simply because the attitude object (e.g., one’s car) shifts from being associated with pleasant to unpleasant outcomes. Classic treatises on persuasion have held that understanding emotion is critical to understanding attitude change. For example, Aristotle’s Rhetoric described how to make an audience feel specific emotions, such as anger or fear, and then how to use these emotions to influence the audience (see also Cicero, 55 B.C./1970). The importance of emotional factors was also recognized in some of the earliest contemporary work on attitudinal processes. We begin by discussing work on the structure of attitudes because it is in this work that emotional factors first received substantial attention as a theoretical construct. Then we turn to the role of affect in producing attitude change. Attitude structure refers to the underlying foundation, components, and organization of a person’s evaluation. Probably the first major attitude structure theory to feature affect prominently was the tripartite theory of attitudes. According to advocates of this perspective (e.g., Insko & Schopler, 1967; Katz & Stotland, 1959; Rosenberg & Hovland, 1960; Smith, 1947), attitudes can be conceptualized as made up of three components: affective, cognitive, and behavioral. The affective component consists of positive and negative feelings associated with the attitude object. The cognitive component comprises beliefs about and perceptions of the attitude object. Finally, the behavioral component is made up of response tendencies and overt actions related to the attitude object.
The (De-)Construction of the “Other” in The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano
Authors: Manzanas Jesus Benito Ana 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, European travelers in remote regions of the world easily found new subjects for the position of “the other,” that elusive and mobile entity that constitutes the opposite of self. “The other” becomes a discursive concept upon which the so-called “civilized” imagination projects its fantasies and anxieties. Nowhere did travelers blend fact and fiction in their accounts as much as in their description of Africa. The tradition went back to classical historians such as Herodotus and Pliny, who had already peopled Africa with monstrous wonders such as beings without heads and with mouth and eyes in their breasts.I These monstrous “others,” along with Acridophagi (insect eaters), Ichthyophagi (fish eaters), Ilophagi (wood eaters), Spermatophagi (seed eaters), and the common Anthropophagi as described by classical writers, were to fertilize the Elizabethan imagination, thirsty as it was for the details of savage life, which the Elizabethans located in the newly opened world overseas.
Landings: Robert Hayden’s and Kamau Brathwaite’s Poetic Renderings of the Middle Passage in Comparative Perspective
Authors: Charras Françoise 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The ideas developed in this essay proceed from a series of reflections evoked by Toni Morrison’s comments on her treatment of the slaves’ narratives in her novel Beloved, where she assumed that she was giving a voice to the former slaves’ “interior life” that had remained, up to then, veiled. In this experience, which had found almost no expression in the various slaves’ narratives, the collective and individual ordeal of the Middle Passage, also situated at the core of Beloved, was central. Looking into the past, to verify Toni Morrison’s claims, I tried to find literary attempts by previous African Americans to lift up the veil that had hidden the Middle Passage so deeply in the memories and consciousness of their past. The most obvious texts in the English-speaking world were Equiano’s Narrative (1792) but also the work of Cuguano who, in a very brief part of his antislavery tract published in 1787, had already evoked the horrors of the transatlantic passage.