bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating palliative care and heart failure: a systematic realist synthesis (PalliatHeartSynthesis)
Authors: McConnell Tracey , Blair Carolyn , Burden John , Duddy Claire , Hill Loreena , Howie Clare , Jones Bob , Ruane Bob , Wong Geoff , Reid Joanne 
Published: December 2023

Objectives(1) Develop a programme theory of why, for whom and in what contexts integrated palliative care (PC) and heart failure (HF) services work/do not work; (2) use the programme theory to co-produce with stakeholders, intervention strategies to inform best practice and future research.MethodsA systematic review of all published articles and grey literature using a realist logic of analysis. The search strategy combined terms significant to the review questions: HF, PC and end of life. Documents were included if they were in English and provided data relevant to integration of PC and HF services. Searches were conducted in November 2021 in EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, AMED, HMIC and CINAHL. Further relevant documents were identified via monthly alerts (up until April 2023) and the project stakeholder group (patient/carers, content experts and multidisciplinary practitioners).Results130 documents were included (86 research, 22 literature reviews, 22 grey literature). The programme theory identified intervention strategies most likely to support integration of PC and HF services. These included protected time for evidence-based PC and HF education from undergraduate/postgraduate level and continuing professional practice; choice of educational setting (eg, online, face-to-face or hybrid); increased awareness and seeing benefits of PC for HF management; conveying the emotive and intellectual need for integrating PC and HF via credible champions; and prioritising PC and HF guidelines in practice.ConclusionsThe review findings outline the required steps to take to increase the likelihood that all key players have the capacity, opportunity and motivation to integrate PC into HF management.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021240185.
Sexual network characteristics and partnership types among men who have sex with men diagnosed with syphilis, gonorrhoea and/or chlamydia in Lima, Peru
Authors: Freese Jonathan , Segura Eddy R , Gutierrez Jessica , Lake Jordan E , Cabello Robinson , Clark Jesse L , Blair Cherie 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesSexual networks are known to structure sexually transmitted infection (STI) transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM). We sought to estimate the risks of STI diagnosis for various partnership types within these networks.MethodsOur cross-sectional survey analysed data from 1376 MSM screened for a partner management intervention in Lima, Peru. Participants were tested for HIV, syphilis, gonorrhoea (NG) and chlamydia (CT) and completed surveys on their demographics, sexual identity/role, HIV status, partnership types and sexual network from the prior 90 days. χ2and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests compared participants without an STI to those diagnosed with (1) syphilis, (2) NG and/or CT (NG/CT) and (3) syphilis and NG/CT coinfection (coinfection).Results40.8% (n=561/1376) of participants were diagnosed with an STI (syphilis: 14.9%, NG/CT: 16.4%, coinfection: 9.5%). 47.9% of all participants were living with HIV and 8.9% were newly diagnosed. A greater proportion of participants with syphilis and coinfection were living with HIV (73.5%, p<0.001; 71.0%, p<0.001) compared with those with NG/CT (47.8%) or no STI (37.8%). Participants with syphilis more often reported sex-on-premises venues (SOPVs) as the location of their last sexual encounter (51.7%, p=0.038) while those with NG/CT tended to meet their last sexual partner online (72.8%, p=0.031). Respondents with coinfection were the only STI group more likely to report transactional sex than participants without an STI (31.3%, p=0.039).ConclusionsSexual networks and partnership types of Peruvian MSM are associated with differential risks for STIs. Participants diagnosed with syphilis tended to meet single-encounter casual partners at SOPV, while MSM with NG/CT were younger and often contacted casual partners online. Coinfection had higher frequency of transactional sex. These findings suggest the potential importance of public health interventions through combined syphilis/HIV screening at SOPV, syphilis screening at routine clinic appointments for MSM living with HIV and directed advertisements and/or access to NG/CT testing through online platforms.
GLP-1 response during pregnancy: variations between trimesters and associations with appetite sensations and usual energy intake
Authors: Mangliar Inès Auclair , Plante Anne-Sophie , Chabot Myriam , Savard Claudia , Lemieux Simone , Michaud Andréanne , Weisnagel S. John , Camirand Lemyre Félix , Veilleux Alain , Morisset Anne-Sophie 
Published: December 2023

Further research is required to understand hormonal regulation of food intake during pregnancy and its association with energy intake. The objectives are to ( i) compare postprandial responses of plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) between trimesters, ( ii) compare postprandial appetite sensations between trimesters, and ( iii) examine trimester-specific associations between GLP-1 levels, appetite sensations, and usual energy intake. At each trimester, participants ( n = 26) consumed a standard test meal following a 12 h fast. Plasma GLP-1 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method at fasting and at 30, 60, 120, and 180 min postprandial. A visual analogue scale assessing appetite sensations was completed at fasting and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 min postprandial. Mean energy intake was assessed using three web-based 24 h dietary recalls at each trimester. Lower postprandial GLP-1 responses were observed in the 2nd ( p = 0.004) and 3rd trimesters ( p < 0.001) compared to the 1st trimester. Greater postprandial sensations of desire to eat, hunger, and prospective food consumption were noted in the 3rd trimester compared to the 1st trimester ( p < 0.04, for all). Fasting GLP-1 was negatively associated with fasting appetite sensations (except fullness) at the 2nd trimester ( p < 0.02, for all). Postprandially, significant associations were observed for incremental areas under the curve from 0 to 30 min between GLP-1 and fullness at the 2nd ( p = 0.01) and 3rd trimesters ( p = 0.03). No associations between fasting or postprandial GLP-1 and usual energy intake were observed. Overall, GLP-1 and appetite sensation responses significantly differ between trimesters, but few associations were observed between GLP-1, appetite sensations, and usual energy intake.
Nonspherically-symmetric black hole in Einstein-massless scalar theory
Authors: Mazharimousavi S. Habib 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe introduce a two-parameter static, nonspherically-symmetric black hole solution in the Einstein theory of gravity coupled with a massless scalar field. The scalar field depends only on the polar coordinate $$\theta $$
θ
in the spherical coordinates representation. The scalar invariant of the spacetime, namely, the Kretschmann scalar reveals that the black hole is singular on its axis of symmetry for all nonzero values of the scalar charge. It also manifests two surfaces of singularity for a certain interval of the value of the scalar charge. These singularities are hidden behind the event horizon’s surface except the singularity on the axis which is naked. The energy-momentum of the scalar field satisfies all energy conditions. A simple investigation reveals that the circular orbits of massive and massless particles in the equatorial plane are identical to those near a Schwarzschild black hole.
Low-energy matrix elements of heavy-quark currents
Authors: Meyer Harvey B. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn QCD at energies well below a heavy-quark threshold, the heavy-quark vector current can be represented via local operators made of the lighter quarks and of the gluon fields. We extract the leading perturbative matching coefficients for the two most important sets of operators from known results. As an application, we analytically determine the $$\textrm{O}(\alpha _s^3)m_c^2/m_b^2$$

O

(

α
s
3

)

m
c
2

/

m
b
2

effect of the bottom quark current on the R(s) ratio below the bottom but above the charm threshold. For the low-energy representation of the charm quark current, the two most important operators are given by the total divergence of dimension-six gluonic operators. We argue that the charm magnetic moment of the nucleon is effectively measuring the forward matrix elements of these gluonic operators and predict the corresponding bottom magnetic moment. Similarly, the contribution of the charm current to $$R(s\approx 1\,\textrm{GeV}^2)$$

R
(
s
≈
1

GeV
2

)

, which is associated with quark-disconnected diagrams, is dominantly determined by the decay constants of the $$\omega $$
ω
and $$\phi $$
ϕ
mesons with respect to the two gluonic operators.
When energy goes missing: new physics in $$b\rightarrow s \nu \nu $$ with sterile neutrinos
Authors: Felkl Tobias , Giri Anjan , Mohanta Rukmani , Schmidt Michael A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBelle II recently reported the first measurement of $$B^+\rightarrow K^+ + \textrm{inv}$$

B
+

→

K
+

+
inv

, which is $$2.8\sigma $$

2.8
σ

above the Standard Model prediction. We explore the available parameter space of new physics within Standard Model effective field theory extended by sterile neutrinos ($$\nu $$
ν
SMEFT) and provide predictions for the other $$B\rightarrow K^{(\star )} +\textrm{inv}$$

B
→

K

(
⋆
)

+
inv

decay modes and invisible $$B_s$$

B
s

decays. We also briefly comment on charged current decays $$B\rightarrow D^{(\star )} \ell \bar{\nu }$$

B
→

D

(
⋆
)

ℓ

ν

¯

and possible ultraviolet completions of the relevant $$\nu $$
ν
SMEFT operators.
Reduction of couplings in the Type-II 2HDM
Authors: May Pech M. A. , Mondragón M. , Patellis G. , Zoupanos G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe idea of reduction of couplings consists in the search for relations between seemingly independent couplings of a renormalizable theory that are renormalization group invariant. In this article, we demonstrate the existence of such 1-loop relations among the top Yukawa, the Higgs quartic and the gauge colour couplings of the Type-II Two Higgs Doublet Model at a high-energy boundary. The phenomenological viability of the reduced theory suggests the value of $$\tan \beta $$

tan
β

and the scale in which new physics may appear.
Lipid Enhancement in Oleaginous Nannochloropsis sp. under Nitrate Limitation for Future Bioenergy Production
Authors: Palanisamy Karthick Murugan , Bhuyar Prakash , Rahim MohdHasbi Ab. , Vadiveloo Ashiwin , Al-Dhabi Naif Abdullah , Govindan Natanamurugaraj , Maniam GaantyPragas 
Published: December 2023

Microalgae possess high oil content, exhibit rapid growth rates and biomass productivity, and leave a minimal environmental footprint, making them highly attractive for biofuel applications. Consequently, this present study is aimed at evaluating the impact of nitrogen starvation on the marine microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. to enhance lipid accumulation. The microalga culture was grown under an irradiance of 120 μmol photon m-2 s-1, temperature

25
±
1

°C, continuous air-CO2, and with different concentrations of sodium nitrites over a 14-day cultivation period. From the results, it was found that the growth of the strain decreased under limited nitrogen conditions. After harvesting, the cells in the supernatant were regenerated by cultivating in double concentration of media. The results showed that on the 12th day, the highest lipid content was achieved, reaching

68.0
±
2.3

wt.% of the dry weight under nitrogen limitation. The composition of the obtained lipid consisted of 18.0 wt.% saturated fatty acids, 72.38 wt.% monounsaturated fatty acids, and 8.95 wt.% polyunsaturated fatty acids. The lipid composition was dominated by monounsaturated oleic acid (

70.97
±
4.6

wt.%), saturated palmitic acid (

13.68
±
1.0

wt.%), and polyunsaturated linoleic acid (

8.41
±
0.4

wt.%). The findings of this study demonstrated that limiting nitrogen availability enhanced lipid accumulation in Nannochloropsis sp. Despite experiencing inhibited growth, this microalga species shows great potential for the large-scale cultivation of lipids and essential fatty acids. These results contribute to understanding the relationship between nitrogen availability and lipid metabolism in microalgae, providing valuable insights for optimizing lipid production in the context of biofuel and biotechnology applications.
Causal Association of Iron Status With Functional Outcome After Ischemic Stroke
Authors: He Qiang , Wang Wenjing , Xu Dingkang , Xiong Yang , You Chao , Tao Chuanyuan , Ma Lu 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:
Iron status has been associated with functional outcomes after ischemic stroke (IS). Nonetheless, this association may be affected by confounders. We perform Mendelian randomization to clarify the causal association between iron status and functional outcome after IS.

METHODS:
We obtained summary-level statistics related to iron status biomarkers from a meta-analysis of a gene-wide association study conducted by the Genetics of Iron Status Consortium, which included 11 discovery cohorts and 8 replication cohorts. We also took genetic variants related to 4 biomarkers of iron status from combining gene-wide association study results of Iceland, the United Kingdom, and Denmark to perform a replicate Mendelian randomization analysis. This data set included 4 iron status biomarkers, namely, ferritin, total iron binding capacity, iron, and transferrin saturation (TSAT). The confounders in these data sets have been adjusted to mitigate the collider bias. We acquired summary statistics data sets for functional outcomes following IS from the gene-wide association study meta-analysis conducted by the Genetics of Ischemic Stroke Functional Outcome Consortium. The genetic estimates for functional outcomes at 90 days after IS were evaluated by the modified Rankin Scale score, including 3741 cases with good functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score, 0–2) and 2280 subjects with poor functional outcomes poststroke (modified Rankin Scale score, 3–6). Inverse variance weighting was used as the primary method, complemented by sensitivity analyses for pleiotropy and increasing robustness.

RESULTS:

Reported with odds ratios (ORs) of stroke outcome with per SD unit increase in genetically determined iron status biomarker, TSAT and iron were associated with poor functional outcome after IS (TSAT: OR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.23–1.50];
P
=2.27×10
−
9
; iron: OR, 1.44 [95% CI, 1.13–1.85];
P
=0.0033). In replicate Mendelian randomization analysis, the detrimental effects of iron on poor functional outcome after IS remained stable (OR, 1.60 [95% CI, 1.24–2.08];
P
=0.0003). In the meta-analysis, iron and TSAT were associated with poor functional outcomes after IS (TSAT: OR
meta
, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.23–1.48]; iron: OR
meta
, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.27–1.81]). Through sensitivity analyses and reverse Mendelian randomization analyses, we confirmed the robustness of the results.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our study provides evidence suggesting a potential causal relationship between iron status and poor functional outcomes after IS. Future studies are required to illuminate the underlying mechanism.
In vivo parcellation of the human spinal cord functional architecture
Authors: Kinany Nawal , Landelle Caroline , De Leener Benjamin , Lungu Ovidiu , Doyon Julien , Van De Ville Dimitri 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The spinal cord is a critical component of the central nervous system, transmitting and integrating signals between the brain and the periphery via topographically organized functional levels. Despite its central role in sensorimotor processes and several neuromotor disorders, mapping the functional organization of the spinal cord in vivo in humans has been a long-standing challenge. Here, we test the efficacy of two data-driven connectivity approaches to produce a reliable and temporally stable functional parcellation of the cervical spinal cord through resting-state networks in two different functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) datasets. Our results demonstrate robust and replicable patterns across methods and datasets, effectively capturing the spinal functional levels. Furthermore, we present the first evidence of spinal resting-state networks organized in functional levels in individual participants, unveiling personalized maps of the spinal functional organization. These findings underscore the potential of non-invasive, data-driven approaches to reliably outline the spinal cord’s functional architecture. The implications are far-reaching, from spinal cord fMRI processing to personalized investigations of healthy and impaired spinal cord function.
Euro-American Esoteric Readings of East Asia: Introductory Remarks
Authors: Pokorny Lukas K. , Winter Franz 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article introduces the special issue “Euro-American Esoteric Readings of East Asia.” First, the genesis of the special issue is explained, after which working definitions of the key terminology are given, namely, “East Asia,” “Euro-American,” “Western,” and “esotericism.” Next, the rationale of the special issue as well as short synopses of its five contributions are presented. The article argues that esoteric readings of things East Asia have saliently coshaped their Western reception history.
Chen Di’s Investigations of the Ancient Pronunciations of the Mao Odes (Mao Shi guyin kao) and Textual Research in the Late Ming
Authors: Jenco Leigh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chen Di’s 1606 masterwork of historical phonology, Investigations of the Ancient Pronunciations of the Mao Odes, has been identified as foundational for Qing dynasty text-critical scholarship, providing systematic evidence for historical sound change via comparative analysis of the Odes’ rhyme schemes. I argue, however, that this research was motivated and shaped by Neo-Confucian xinxue commitments to embodied moral knowledge, typically seen at odds with later Qing approaches. Both Chen and his Taizhou school collaborator Jiao Hong located the moral substance of a text not in the intention of its sagely authors, but rather in the authentic emotional experiences prompted by its historically specific phonological and narrative features. Although recent scholarship has begun to reveal how xinxue fostered philological enquiry to reveal universal sagely truths, less well recognized is how xinxue could also motivate investigation of historical contexts—unsettling the division of moral concerns from the production of textual and historical knowledge.
Safety assessment of Rhodobacter azotoformans SY5 for potential application in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis
Authors: Cao H. , Zhang S. , Zheng X. , Xu L. , Diao J. , Wang Y. , Gai C. , Ye H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Rhodobacter species are promising beneficial microbes that can improve growth performance, immunity and antioxidant capability in aquatic crustaceans. Yet the safety of Rhodobacter azotoformans for potential application in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis is still unclear. In the present study, R. azotoformans SY5, a potential probiotic additive that can significantly improve the growth performance, immunity, antioxidant capability, and disease resistance in E. sinensis, was evaluated for safety through whole genome sequencing, antibiotic resistance, toxic metabolites, virulence, and crab tolerance assays. The results indicated that R. azotoformans SY5 only harboured the acyl carrier protein-encoding gene (acpP) that was universal in probiotic bacteria with the function of bacterial fatty acid biosynthesis, exhibited high susceptibility to aminoglycosides, penicillins, polymyxins, polyphosphates, quinolones, and tetracyclines antimicrobials, and possessed inability to produce hemolysin, hydrogen sulphide, nitrite, ammonia, and phenylpyruvate. In addition, R. azotoformans SY5 showed no pathogenicity for E. sinensis with the seven-day acute intraperitoneal LD50 value of above 6.0 × 109 cfu/ml and 30-day chronic oral LD50 of above 6.0 × 109 cfu/g diet. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the safety of R. azotoformans for potential application in Chinese mitten crabs.
Improving Science Conceptual Understanding and Attitudes in Elementary Science Classes through the Development and Application of a Rule-Based AI Chatbot
Authors: Lee Juyeon , An Taesoo , Chu Hye-Eun , Hong Hun-Gi , Martin Sonya N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to develop a specialized rule-based AI chatbot tailored for a sixth-grade optics unit and to evaluate the impact of the implementation of the chatbot on students’ cognitive and affective outcomes related to science within the classroom setting. Specifically, this study explored how factors such as gender and achievement levels have an impact on student attitudes. The development of the rule-based chatbot adhered to the network-based instructional systems design framework, which involves the application of the analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate model to the e-learning design and development process. The participants were 192 sixth-grade students, with 81 in the experimental group and 111 in the control group. The results revealed a positive effect on students’ science achievement and interest, with a particularly significant impact on those with lower achievement levels. Notably, the chatbot played a crucial role in elevating the interest of female students in science. These findings highlight the need for continued research into the integration of rule-based AI chatbots in science education.