bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth of arabica coffee seeds (Coffea arabica L.) Sigarar Utang Variety as a response of treatment of various growth regulators and types of shade
Authors: Sembiring L J , Damanik R I , Hanum C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Productivity of arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Sigarar Utang Variety in Indonesia is still relatively low, especially in Simalungun Regency, Sumatera Utara. Some factors that need to be considered in nurseries are growth regulator and shade. This study aims to find out information on the type of growth regulators and the best shade density for the growth of arabica coffee seedlings. The experiment was carried out from March to June 2022 in Nagori Ujung Bawang, Simalungun Regency and Research Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatra Utara. The experiment used a Split Plot Design consisting of 2 factors and repeated 3 times. The first factor (main plot) consists of 4 levels, namely without shade, 50%, 70%, and 90% shade, while the second factor (sub-plot) consists of 3 levels are auxin growth regulator, cytokinin, and the combination of auxin with cytokinin. The results showed that the interaction of shade treatment and growth regulators had a significant effect on root canopy ratio. Root canopy ratio had a significant effect on the interaction of 90% shade treatment and a combination of auxin cytokinin of 5.27 g.
The role of Molybdenum in relation to Rhizobium sp. in increasing biological Nitrogen fixation and soybean growth
Authors: Hasanah Y , Hanum H , Harahap N A , Harahap A S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Soybean is a legume that can form a mutualism symbiosis with Rhizobium bacteria to bind N. Increasing the effectiveness of N fixation by Rhizobia requires the role of micronutrient Molybdenum (Mo), because Mo is needed for nitrate reductase enzyme for NO3
- assimilation. The objective of the research was to evaluate the role of Mo and Rhizobium sp. inoculation in the growth of soybean and increase the root nodules number. A factorial randomized block design was used in the research. The first factor was inoculation of Rhizobium sp. (0; 5 and 10 ml/plant), and the second factor was the application of Mo (0; 200; 400 and 600 g/ha). The research result showed that inoculation of Rhizobium sp. up to 10 ml/plant increased plant height, number of leaves and leaf area. Application of molybdenum up to 400 g/ha was able to increase the number of nodules formed. There was no significant interaction between Rhizobium sp. inoculation and application of Mo in all observed variables.
The content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) varieties with different method of cultivation and altitude
Authors: Hasanah Y , Mawarni L , Wirawan FR , Kurniawan I 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Differences in altitude and plant cultivation methods greatly affect the nutrient content of shallot plants. The objective of the research is to evaluate differences in the nutrient content of N, P and K in two true shallot seeds (TSS) with different cultivation methods and altitude. The study was conducted in series in the highlands (Berastagi 1295 m asl) and in Medan (32 m asl) using a factorial randomized block design. The first factor is TSS varieties (Sanren F1 and Lokananta). The second factor is the cultivation method used based on the recommendation of the seed supplier, the recommendation for double production, the modification of the recommendation of the seed supplier and the modification of the recommendation for the double production). The results showed that the location, variety, cultivation and their interactions significantly affected the N, P andK content. In both Sanren F1 and Lokananta varieties, the use cultivation method from the recommendation of the seed supplier in highlands resulted in the highest P and K content compared to other treatment combinations. The use recommendation for double production in the lowlands in Sanren F1 and Lokananta varieties resulted in the highest N content compared to other treatment combinations.
The effect of fertilizer on the growth of dwarf banana cavendish (Musa acuminata L.) seedling under the natural shade
Authors: Muhidin  , Sadimantara G R , Hyudi L O M , Eviyani M , Yusuf D N , Leomo S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Banana is a very important fruit commodity. The demand for bananas is increasing every year but the land for banana development is increasingly limited. Therefore, it is necessary to develop banana as an insert plant. The lack of readily available banana seeds with consistent growth patterns is the primary barrier to the development of bananas. The purpose of this investigation is to find out how the development of banana seedlings is affected by varied concentrations of the NPK nutrient. The research conducted at Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University. The study arranged in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with different dose of NPK as treatment consisting of P0 = without NPK (control), P1 = 50 kg NPK ha−1, P2 = 100 kg NPK ha−1, P3 = 150 kg NPK ha−1 and P4= 200 kg NPK ha−1. The parameter examined are including plant height, leaves number and leaf area. According to the findings, the application of NPK had a discernible impact on the development of banana seedlings, based on the plant height, leaves number and leaf area. The growth of plant seeds is improving as a result of an increase in the amount of NPK that has been administered.
Sustainability policy analysis of cocoa intensification program in Gorontalo Province
Authors: Rouf A A , Retnawati E , Munawaroh S , Rusliyadi M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Cocoa is one of the main plantation crops grown in Gorontalo Province, but the productivity remains well below its potential. In order to increase productivity, the government has implemented a cocoa intensification program. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyse the sustainability of cocoa intensification program policy in Gorontalo Province. Primary data being obtained from interviews with respondents selected by simple random sampling. Multidimensional scaling analysis with the rapid appraisal technique for fisheries (RAPFISH) program was used to measure the sustainability index of cocoa intensification, along with an analysis of incomes and the adoption of cocoa cultivation technology. The results showed that intensification of cocoa farming increased productivity, with a level of 612 kg/ha/year and an income of IDR 6,281,592/ha/year. Conversely, without intensification, productivity values were 421 kg/ha/year and income were IDR 4,732,823/ha/year. Based on economic, social, and ecological aspects, the sustainability of cocoa intensification is categorized as sufficient. Cocoa intensification program needs to be continuously developed in Gorontalo in the future.
Processing coconut husk waste to gain profit in Tanjung Pura Subdistrict, Langkat Regency, North Sumatera Province
Authors: Junita E , Pane T C , Darus M B 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Processing coconut husk waste not only gives added value and profit but is also beneficial for the environment and food security since coconut is another source of vegetable oil besides palm oil. This study aimed to analyse the added value, revenue, and income from the processing industries of coconut husk into Cocopeat (coir powder) and Cocobristle (coir fibre) in Tanjung Pura Subdistrict, Langkat Regency, North Sumatera Province. The research locations were purposively chosen in Suka Maju Village and Pantai Cermin Village since there are many coconut husk processing industries in these villages. Data were analysed using Hayami’s Method and income analysis. The results showed that, for Cocopeat products, the added value of the majority of respondents was high. For Cocobristle products, the added value of all respondents was high. The average total revenue was IDR 124,725.31 per Quintal of raw material. The average total overall income was IDR 94,073.00 per Quintal of raw material. The income gained from the processing industries of coconut husk into Cocopeat and Cocobristle was profitable. Therefore, processing and developing coconut husk waste into products with higher economic value and more beneficial to the environment and sustainability is highly recommended.
Determining discharge rating curve at Karai sub watershed
Authors: Tanjung M S , Nasution D L S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The availability of discharge rating curve equation in a watershed is very important to predict river discharge in a watershed, while discharge shown the water availability in a watershed. This research aims to determine discharge rating curve equation at Karai Sub Watershed in rainy season. This research was conducted by recording water level using water level logger and measuring river discharge using current meter and then analyze the relation of the water level and river discharge data to make the equation of discharge rating curve. The equation of discharge rating curve determined by using several methods that are polynomial, linear, power function, logaritmic and exponential. The equation which obtained by that methods will be examined by the value of coefficient determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE). The result shown the best methods in obtaining the equation was polynomial method which performs the R2 = 0.849 and RMSE= 0.01 with the equation Q = -1.327h2 + 3.807h - 0.215.
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) utilization for mapping the health of oil palm plants (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Authors: Charloq  , Thoha A S , Putra D Y , Muammar A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The increasing development and expansion of oil palm plantations in Indonesia cause monitoring management to be increasingly difficult to manage a plantation and currently requires technological innovation that is faster and more accurate in providing information, one of which is using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), often called a drone, a flying machine. Which is controlled remotely using a remote control from outside the vehicle, this is used for monitoring and calculating the number of healthy and diseased plants in a large plantation area that can be covered. The purpose of this research is to map the health of oil palm plants using drone technology. The research method is using drones and oil palm application (OPA) software to calculate the number of oil palm stands followed by plant verification with a plant census using a global positioning system (GPS) to determine the distribution of healthy and diseased oil palm plants. The result of the research is a map that displays information on plant health and the number of plants characterized by colour.
Modifying the particle density of cocoa powder using puffing method for sustainable consumption and production
Authors: Supriyanto G , Achadiyah S , Rahardjo B , Suparyanto T , Trinugroho J P , Pardamean B 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Flavanols contained in cocoa have several benefits for the human body. However, cocoa consumption in Indonesia is still considered low. Improving the production and quality improvements of cocoa could lead to the sustainable consumption and production of cocoa plant. One main drawback of beverage product that contains cocoa powder is that the cocoa powder precipitates easily, which can reduce the taste and health benefits of cocoa powder. Hence, this research aims to develop a method to increase the buoyancy of cocoa powder in beverages. This study used cocoa powder products (Windmolen and van Houten brands). The puffing chamber with pressure control was made from a cylindrical tube. Sensory test of the cocoa powder samples was performed. Furthermore, statistical analysis was performed on the data obtained from the sensory test. Our results showed that the cocoa powder samples undergoing the puffing process with higher pressure and longer time had a lower moisture content. In addition, the statistical analysis showed that the puffing process did not significantly affect the preference for the taste of cocoa powder. Overall, the puffing method decreased the density of cocoa particles, so the particles would be distributed in the liquid evenly.
Comparison of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) quality with fermentation and centrifugation methods from genjah and hybrid variety of coconut based on Indonesian local environment resources
Authors: Nurminah M , Lubis L M , Munthe R M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
VCO is one of the processed products made from old coconut which is obtained by extracting the flesh of fruit. VCO has many advantages compared to other oils and many ingredients beneficial for the health of body and coconut always sustainability. This study, the manufacture of VCO using method of fermentation and centrifugation. The material used is fresh old coconut which consists of 2 varieties, from Indonesian local environment resources (namely genjah coconut variey Serdang Bedagai Regency and hybrid variety from Asahan Regency). This study to compare the quality of VCO with fermentation and centrifugation methods of genjah and hybrid varieties of coconut through analysis of water content, free fatty acid peroxide number and iodine number. The results obtained are the manufacture of VCO by centrifugation method has a better quality than fermentation method. Data analysis of VCO quality testing with centrifugation method has met SNI including water content, free fatty acid, peroxide number and iodine number. While the VCO with the fermentation method, in testing the water content and free fatty acids there are those that do not meet SNI but still meet APCC standards. Based on coconut varieties, hybrid VCO varieties have better quality than genjah maturing varieties.
Sustainability of freshwater snakehead fish empowerment as animal protein in increasing albumin and hemoglobin levels of breastfeeding mothers
Authors: Simanjuntak R R , Siahaan G , Sihotang U , Bakara T L 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Mothers with a shortage of red blood cells (anemia) can cause a loss of nutritional absorption through breast milk. A mother’s lack of nourishment will affect her and her baby’s health. The study aims to identify how administering snakehead fish nuggets affects Hb and albumin levels in breastfeeding moms in the Mandala Health Centre work area in Medan. Methods: From the 3rd to the 29th of February 2020, this study was carried out in the Mandala Public Health Centre. The study is quasi-experimental. This study included all breastfeeding women with children ≤ 5 years and then found 31 samples. The data is normality and then analyzed using the T-dependent test. The results showed that providing snakehead fish nuggets affected Hb and blood albumin levels with a value of (p-value =0.001). The use of snakehead fish as a freshwater fish will maintain the ecosystem process, if the snakehead fish is raised in traditional or modern ways. The treatment of snakehead fish nuggets improves albumin values. Meanwhile, based on percentages, the normal Hb level before treatment was 61%, growing to 84%, and the normal albumin level was 71%, climbing to 93%.
Monitoring and identifying forest burnt area using NBR Landsat and Landuse in Central Kalimantan
Authors: Pratama B B , Pratiwi D , Qirom M A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Forest fires are one of the phenomena that occur in peatlands in Indonesia. This incident is due to changes in landuse in peatland and occurs repeatedly over a certain period of time. This study aims to monitor and identify burnt areas and landuse changes in the Kahayan River and Sebangau Peat Hydrological Unit (PHU) Central Kalimantan. The analysis was carried out on the Landsat imagery data series and landcover data from Ministry of Environment and Forestry Indonesia from 2014-2019. Analysis conducted with identifying burnt area using the Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) and intersected with landcover data in that area. The results of the analysis show that forest fires affect landuse changes. Landuses that were significantly affected by forest fires notably shrub swamps, plantations, and dry land farming. Landuse decrease in shrubs swamps by 18% (± 2000 ha) and increase in plantation land by 840% (± 4000 ha) and dry land farming by 6357% (± 9400 ha) prior to forest fires.
Length and weight relationship, condition factors, and growth parameters of Gulamah fish (Johnius trachycephalus) landed at Tanjung Beringin’s Fish Auction Place (TPI) Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatera Province
Authors: Desrita  , Sinaga J , Hasibuan J S , Manurung V R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This research was held three months from June-August 2022 and used a purposive random sampling method. The total sample was 137 gulamah consisting of 65 male and 72 female fish. The results showed that the total length (TL) of gulamah fish caught with gill nets ranged from 103-214 mm, with an average length of 155.74 mm. The weight of gulamah fish ranged between 12.77-126.02 grams with an average of 54.95 grams. Length-weight relationship of gulamah fish was positive allometric with the equation W=0.00001L3,15 (R² = 0.89) in male fish and W=0,00001L3,09 (R² = 0.92) in female fish. The range of the condition factor of gulamah fish is 0.43-1.12. Growth curve Von Bertalanffy equation shows the equation Lt = 234.4(1 - EXP(-0,59(t+0,063))for male gulamah fish and Lt = 217.8(1 - EXP(-0,33(t+0,058))) for female gulamah fish.
Amino acids characterization of the Ongole crossbreed cattle edible head skin using HPLC
Authors: Susanto E , Fadlilah A , Amin M F , Wahyuni  , Sutanto E , Handayani I M , Sholiha R , Yolanda G F , Khasanah N 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This research purpose was characterization of amino acids using HPLC at the edible head skin as edible by-product of ongole crossbreed cattle (OCC). The materials were the male and female head skin of OCC and the method was survey and exploration with analysis of laboratorium. The variables was amino acids profile with HPLC of edible head skin of OCC. The results of studies shown The edible head skin of OCC amino acids profile was the higher contents of L-arginin, glysine, and L-proline as essential category of amino acids and L-glutamic acid as non-essential amino acids. There were several defference between male and female amino acids profile of the OCC edible head skin, including: L-glutamic acid, L-alanin, L-arginin, glysine, L-lisin, L-aspartid acid, and L-proline of female OCC was the higher than male OCC. The peak absorption of mass spectofotometry between samples in males and females shows different.
Nitrogen utility on income over feed cost in complete feed napier grass cv gama umami based with different calliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus) substitution levels
Authors: Roychan I , Umami N , Noviandi C T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the N efficiency and economics of complete feed based on Napier grass cv Gama umami with different levels of Calliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus). The Ewes used in this study were 15 with 11.3±1.34 kg of body weight at the age of 8 months. Complete feed treatment given to livestock objects, namely T0 = Napier grass cv GU 60% + Concentrate 40%; T1 = Napier grass cv GU 45% + Concentrate 40% + Calliandra 15%; T2 = Napier grass cv GU 30% + Concentrate 40% + Calliandra 30%. The sample collection phase consisted of treatment feed, leftover feed, and urine which were collected for seven days. The resulting data was then processed using One-way ANOVA with data that had differences in further testing using DMRT (p<0.05). The experimental results showed that the addition of Calliandra levels in complete feed did not affect nitrogen retention in sheep (p>0.05). Economic figure on feed with the addition of Calliandra to complete feed showed a higher income when compared to feed without using Calliandra (p<0.05). The most effective use of Calliandra level with the highest income is seen in giving as much as 30%.
Effects of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) leaf and seeds on biochemical and hematological feature
Authors: Khafaji S S , Khafaji R S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The aim of current research to examine the effect of dried leaves, DL, and seeds, SE. of Coriandrum sativum on some biological and hematological traits. 30 male rabbits aged (93-115) days, separated randomly into 3 equal groups, treatment 1, T1, taken the basal meal represented as control group, and other treatments, T2 and T3, supplemented the basal nutrition mixed with 5% of DL and SE, respectively, for 12 weeks. At the termination of experiment, blood and sera samples collected and separated for estimating hematological and biochemical traits, as well as, liver was collected for histological study. The statistical evaluation of T3 results was demonstrated a raising in hematological parameters significantly (P<0.05) in comparison with T2 and T1. Additionally, the concentration of serum globulin and protein elevated significantly (P<0.05) in rabbits provided SE and DL in comparison with rabbits in T1 group. Besides, the values of AST, ALT and glucose showed a decline (P<0.05) in rabbits given DL and SE C.sativum comparing T1. The histological studies of liver in T3 rabbits same as that of control rabbits. In conclusion, ground seeds of C sativum could improve the histological, serological and biochemical features more than dried leaves.
3D-printed biomimetic scaffolds with precisely controlled and tunable structures guide cell migration and promote regeneration of osteochondral defect
Authors: Gu Yuqing , Zou Yiwei , Huang Yuxuan , Liang Renjie , Wu Yicong , Hu Yifan , Hong Yi , Zhang Xianzhu , Toh Yi-Chin , Ouyang Hongwei , Zhang Shufang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Untreated osteochondral defects will develop into osteoarthritis, affecting patients’ quality of life. Since articular cartilage and subchondral bone exhibit distinct biological characteristics, repairing osteochondral defects remains a major challenge. Previous studies have tried to fabricate multilayer scaffolds with traditional methods or 3D printing technology. However, the efficacy is unsatisfactory because of poor control over internal structures or a lack of integrity between adjacent layers, severely compromising repair outcomes. Therefore, there is a need for a biomimetic scaffold that can simultaneously boost osteochondral defect regeneration in both structure and function. Herein, an integrated bilayer scaffold with precisely controlled structures is successfully 3D-printed in one step via digital light processing (DLP) technology. The upper layer has both ‘lotus- and radial-’ distribution pores, and the bottom layer has ‘lotus-’ pores to guide and facilitate the migration of chondrocytes and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, respectively, to the defect area. Tuning pore sizes could modulate the mechanical properties of scaffolds easily. Results show that 3D-printed porous structures allow significantly more cells to infiltrate into the area of ‘lotus- and radial-’ distribution pores during cell migration assay, subcutaneous implantation, and in situ transplantation, which are essential for osteochondral repair. Transplantation of this 3D-printed bilayer scaffold exhibits a promising osteochondral repair effect in rabbits. Incorporation of Kartogenin into the upper layer of scaffolds further induces better cartilage formation. Combining small molecules/drugs and precisely size-controlled and layer-specific porous structure via DLP technology, this 3D-printed bilayer scaffold is expected to be a potential strategy for osteochondral regeneration.