bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extrusion modification of prolamins from distiller's grains to facilitate the construction of biopolymer films
Authors: Liu Yao , Yuan Ruoyun , Jiang Lijun , Qi Mingming , Li Hongjun , Chen Shanfeng , Ma Chengye , Wang Chenjie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDDistiller's grains (DGs), which are rich in natural ingredients such as prolamins, are often used as low‐value feed or discarded directly, resulting in great environmental pollution and resource waste. Prolamins from DGs (PDGs) were found to be a potential material for the construction of biopolymer films due to their good film‐forming properties. In this study, extrusion processing was conducted to modify the physicochemical and structural properties of PDGs to facilitate the construction of biopolymer films with superior characteristics.RESULTSResults indicated that extrusion led to improved solubility (17.91% to 39.95%) and increased disulfide bonds (1.46 to 6.13 μmol g−1) in PDGs. The total and sulfur amino acid contents of extruded PDGs were increased by 13.26% and 38.83%, respectively. New aggregation patterns were formed after extrusion according to the results of scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction. Extrusion resulted in reduced surface hydrophobicity of PDGs (10 972 to 3632), sufficient evidence for which could be also found from structure analyses of PDGs. Finally, PDGs extruded at 110 °C were found to facilitate the forming of biopolymer films with superior mechanical properties, water resistance and thermal stability.CONCLUSIONSPhysicochemical and structural properties of PDGs were effectively modified by extrusion processing, and extrusion modification of PDGs could be a great way to facilitate the construction of biopolymer films with superior characteristics. It could provide more possibilities to extend the applications of DGs to alleviate the problems of environmental pollution and resource waste. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Semi‐industrial ultrasound‐assisted extraction of grape‐seed proteins
Authors: Chaji Salah , Capaldi Giorgio , Gallina Lorenzo , Grillo Giorgio , Boffa Luisa , Cravotto Giancarlo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo manage industrial waste in accordance with the circular bioeconomy concept it is sometimes necessary to handle grape seeds, an abundant by‐product of the wine‐making process. This study presents a process based on ultrasound technology for the extraction of grape‐seed proteins, due to their nutritional and techno‐functional properties. The protein content of extracts obtained under silent and lab‐scale conditions was compared with that obtained under semi‐industrial ultrasound conditions, and the chemical composition (carbohydrates, total phenols, and lipids) and the elemental profiles of the final, up‐scaled downstream extracts were characterized.RESULTSThis work found that the maximum amount of protein in the final product was 378.31 g.kg−1 of the extract. Chemical characterization revealed that each 1 kg of extract had an average content of 326.19 g gallic acid equivalent as total phenols, 162.57 g glucose equivalent as carbohydrates, and 382.76 g of lipophilic compounds. Furthermore, when the extract was checked for hazardous elements, none were found in levels that could be considered a risk for human health.CONCLUSIONThe proposed semi‐industrial strategy has the potential to contribute greatly to the valorization of grape seeds through the preparation of a protein‐rich extract that can be used as an alternative to synthetic wine stabilizers and for the development of novel food and nutraceutical products. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
T‐YOLO: a lightweight and efficient detection model for nutrient buds in complex tea‐plantation environments
Authors: Bai Bingyi , Wang Junshu , Li Jianlong , Yu Long , Wen Jiangtao , Han Yuxing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDQuick and accurate detection of nutrient buds is essential for yield prediction and field management in tea plantations. However, the complexity of tea plantation environments and the similarity in color between nutrient buds and older leaves make the location of tea nutrient buds challenging.RESULTSThis research presents a lightweight and efficient detection model, T‐YOLO, for the accurate detection of tea nutrient buds in unstructured environments. First, a lightweight module, C2fG2, and an efficient feature extraction module, DBS, are introduced into the backbone and neck of the YOLOv5 baseline model. Second, the head network of the model is pruned to achieve further lightweighting. Finally, the dynamic detection head is integrated to mitigate the feature loss caused by lightweighting. The experimental data show that T‐YOLO achieves a mean average precision (mAP) of 84.1%, the total number of parameters for model training (Params) is 11.26 million (M), and the number of floating‐point operations (FLOPs) is 17.2 Giga (G). Compared with the baseline YOLOv5 model, T‐YOLO reduces Params by 47% and lowers FLOPs by 65%. T‐YOLO also outperforms the existing optimal detection YOLOv8 model by 7.5% in terms of mAP.CONCLUSIONThe T‐YOLO model proposed in this study performs well in detecting small tea nutrient buds. It provides a decision‐making basis for tea farmers to manage smart tea gardens. The T‐YOLO model outperforms mainstream detection models on the public dataset, Global Wheat Head Detection (GWHD), which offers a reference for the construction of lightweight and efficient detection models for other small target crops. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Evaluating the quality of systematic reviews of comparative studies in autograft‐based anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using the AMSTAR‐2 tool: A systematic umbrella review
Authors: Sritharan Praveen , Milantoni Vincent , Abdel Khalik Hassaan , Kay Jeffrey , Slawaska‐Eng David , Johnson Jansen , de Sa Darren 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeThere remains a lack of consensus around autograft selection in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), though there is a large body of overlapping systematic reviews and meta‐analyses. Systematic reviews and their methodological quality were aimed to be further assessed, using a validated tool known as assessing the methodological quality of systematic reviews (AMSTAR‐2).MethodsMEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL were searched from inception to 23 April 2023 for systematic reviews (with/without meta‐analysis) comparing primary ACLR autografts. A final quality rating from AMSTAR‐2 was provided for each study (‘critically low’, ‘low’, ‘moderate’ or ‘high’ quality). Correlational analyses were conducted for ratings in relation to study characteristics.ResultsTwo thousand five hundred and ninety‐eight studies were screened, and 50 studies were ultimately included. Twenty‐four studies (48%) were rated as ‘critically low’, 17 (34%) as ‘low’, seven (14%) as ‘moderate’ and two (4%) as ‘high’ quality. The least followed domains were reporting on sources of funding (1/50 studies), the impact of risk of bias on results of meta‐analyses (11/36 studies) and publication bias (17/36 studies). There was a significant increase in the frequency of studies graded as ‘moderate’ compared to ‘low’ or ‘critically low’ quality over time (p = 0.020).ConclusionThe methodological quality of systematic reviews comparing autografts in ACLR is low, with many studies being rated lower due to commonly absent aspects of systematic review methodology such as investigating sources of funding and publication bias. More recent studies were generally more likely to be of higher quality. Authors are advised to consult AMSTAR‐2 prior to conducting systematic reviews in ACLR.Level of Evidence: Level IV.
Acromioclavicular joint dislocation Rockwood type III and V show no difference in functional outcome and 91% recovered well without the need for surgery
Authors: Haugaard Kristine B. , Bak Klaus , Ryberg Dorthe , Muharemovic Omar , Hölmich Per , Barfod Kristoffer W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeAcromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocations are common injuries, but the indication for and timing of surgery is debated. The objective of the study was to evaluate the results after acute AC joint dislocations Rockwood type III and V treated nonsurgically with the option of delayed surgical intervention.MethodsThis is a prospective cohort study with clinical, radiological and patient‐reported outcome assessment at baseline, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after acute AC joint dislocation. Patients aged 18–60 with acute AC joint dislocation and a baseline panorama (Zanca) radiograph with an increase in the coracoclavicular distance of >25% compared to the uninjured side were eligible for inclusion. All patients were treated nonsurgically with 3 months of home‐based training and with the option of delayed surgical intervention. The primary outcome was the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI). Secondary outcomes were surgery yes/no and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI).ResultsNinety‐five patients were included. Fifty‐seven patients were Rockwood type III and 38 patients were type V. There were no statistically significant differences in WOSI and SPADI between patients with type III and V injuries at any time point. Nine patients (9.5%) were referred for surgery; seven type III and two type V (ns).ConclusionNinety‐one percent of patients with acute AC joint dislocation Rockwood type III and V recovered without surgery and there were no differences in outcome scores between type III and V at any time point.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
The Ankle Ligament Reconstruction‐Return to Sport after Injury (ALR‐RSI) is a valid and reliable measure to assess psychological readiness before returning to sport following peroneal tendon pathology surgery
Authors: Saliba Ibrahim , Dagher Tanios , Valentin Eugenie , Cannell Stuart , Moussellard Hugues Pascal , Anract Philippe , Feruglio Sylvain , Vialle Raphael , Bauer Thomas , Hardy Alexandre 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeThe objective of this study was to validate a scale that could help surgeons evaluate patients' psychological readiness to return to sport (RTS) after peroneal tendon pathology surgery.MethodsThe Ankle Ligament Reconstruction‐Return to Sport after Injury (ALR‐RSI) scale, which had previously been validated in ankle ligament reconstruction patients, was adapted to evaluate the psychological preparedness for RTS in athletic patients who underwent peroneal tendinopathy surgery. The Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) and Foot Ankle Ability Measurement (FAAM) scores were employed as patient‐related outcome measurement (PROM) instruments.ResultsThis study included 57 patients. There was a strong correlation between ALR‐RSI and both FAOS and FAAM (r = −0.68 and 0.74, respectively). ALR‐RSI was considerably higher in patients who returned to sports than in those who did not. The mean score was 72.9 ± 19.0 in patients who returned to the same preinjury level, 48.5 ± 24.0 in those who returned to a lower level and 53.6 ± 31.1 in patients who changed their athletic activity (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, ALR‐RSI showed at least a similar discrimination ability when compared to FAOS and FAAM. The test–retest intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.95. The Cronbach's α statistic used to measure the internal consistency was high (0.95). A Youden index of 0.65 was observed for a cut‐off score of 68 points.ConclusionALR‐RSI is a valid instrument for assessing psychological readiness to RTS in an athletic population following peroneal tendon surgery. When compared to the most commonly used PROMs, it was strongly correlated and demonstrated at least similar discrimination capacity. This could assist surgeons in identifying athletes who will have poor postoperative results and advising them on their capability to RTS.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Unveiling Local Electronic Structures of Manganese‐Doped Double Perovskites Red Emitters
Authors: Zheng Xingke , Du Aochen , Ye Yun , Chen Enguo , Xu Sheng , Guo Tailiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOver the past few years, light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have emerged as an efficient replacement for standard incandescent and fluorescent lamps, due to their superior efficiency, energy conservation, service longevity, reliability, and affordability. However, identifying a red emitter for white LEDs has presented significant challenges. This study seeks to synthesize and analyze a novel red emitter, investigating its potential use in white LEDs and indoor plant growth lighting. The Sr2Lu(Nb,Mn)O6 is manufactured employing the traditional high‐temperature solid‐phase method. The internal and external quantum efficiencies (IQE and EQE) of double perovskites reached 32.39% and 21.67%. The g value calculates to 2.146, which corroborates that the magnetic dipolar transitions of Mn4+ ions inhabit symmetric octahedral sites. First‐principles investigations are utilized to unveil local electronic structures. Emission spectra reveal a substantial broad red emission peak at 688 nm. The Tanabe–Sugano diagram is applied to understand the luminescence mechanism. Additionally, the evaluation of parameters such as the internal UV emission ratio, crystal field strength, and Racah parameters is conducted. The luminescent intensity of the Sr2Lu(Nb,Mn)O6 can still be maintained at 60% upon reaching a temperature of 423 K. The findings suggest that Sr2Lu(Nb,Mn)O6 offers a novel alternative for white LEDs and indoor plant growth lighting.
A seamless blended multi‐model ensemble approach to probabilistic medium‐range weather pattern forecasts over the UK
Authors: Neal Robert , Robbins Joanne , Crocker Ric , Cox Dave , Fenwick Keith , Millard Jonathan , Kelly Jason 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper describes a new seamless blended multi‐model ensemble configuration of an existing probabilistic medium‐ to extended‐range weather pattern forecasting tool (called Decider) run operationally at the Met Office. In its initial configuration, the tool calculated and presented probabilistic weather pattern forecast information for five individual ensemble forecasting systems, which varied in terms of their number of ensemble members, horizontal resolution, update frequencies and forecast lead time. This resulted in multiple forecasts for the same validity time which varied in terms of forecast skill depending on the lead time in question. This presented challenges for end‐users (e.g., operational meteorologists) in terms of knowing which forecast output is best to use and at which lead time, as well as knowing what to do in situations where forecasts varied between ensembles. To get around these challenges, a new seamless blended multi‐model ensemble configuration has been implemented operationally, comprising of output from five separate ensembles, and provides a single best forecast from day one out to day 45. Objective verification for a set of eight weather pattern groups covering forecasts initialized over a 6‐year period (2017–2022) shows that the seamless blended multi‐model ensemble forecasts are at least as good as, if not better than the best performing individual model.
Design of polycarbonate‐based dual‐band conformal frequency‐selective surface for 4G/5G shielding applications
Authors: Manokaran Singaram , Sivasamy Ramprabhu , Harish Muthukaruppan V. , Kaushik Roshan E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this work, a compact conformal swastik frequency‐selective surface (FSS) has been proposed for shielding 4G/5G signals. The resonating unit of FSS is realized using swastik geometry. The proposed FSS offers resonance at 1800 MHz for 4G band and 3300 MHz for sub‐6 5G band. The unit‐cell dimension is 0.11λ0 × 0.11λ0, where λ0 is the free space wavelength corresponding to the lowest resonating frequency. The proposed FSS provides a stable response for both the TE and TM modes of polarization up to 60°. To validate the simulated results, the FSS was fabricated and tested. The simulation and measurement results are in good agreement.
Sports‐related peripheral nerve injuries of the upper limb
Authors: Dutton Rebecca A. , Norbury John , Colorado Berdale 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPeripheral nerve injuries in athletes affect the upper limb more commonly than the lower limb. Common mechanisms include compression, traction, laceration, and ischemia. Specific sports can have unique mechanisms of injury and are more likely to be associated with certain neuropathies. Familiarity with these sport‐specific variables and recognition of the common presentations of upper limb neuropathic syndromes are important in assessing an athlete with a suspected peripheral nerve injury. Evaluation may require imaging modalities and/or electrodiagnostic testing to confirm a nerve injury. In some cases, diagnostic injections may be needed to differentiate neuropathic versus musculoskeletal etiology. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for treatment/management and increases the likelihood of a safe return‐to‐sport and avoidance of long‐term functional consequences. Most nerve injuries can be treated conservatively, however, severe or persistent cases may require surgical intervention. This monograph reviews key diagnostic, management, and preventative strategies for sports‐related peripheral nerve injuries involving the upper limb.
Myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) expression in myositides: Sarcoplasmic expression is common in both dermatomyositis and lupus myositis
Authors: Xing Changhong , Trivedi Jaya , Bitencourt Nicole , Burns Dennis K. , Reisch Joan S. , Cai Chunyu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsMyxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) is a type I interferon (IFN1) pathway activation marker and MxA sarcoplasmic expression is currently recognized as a highly specific marker for dermatomyositis (DM). However, we have frequently observed endothelial tubuloreticular inclusions (TRI), another surrogate IFN1 activation marker, in a variety of overlap myositides. The aim of this study was to examine MxA expression in those myositides.MethodsWe retrospectively performed MxA immunostaining on a wide range of myositides.ResultsMxA sarcoplasmic expression was present in DM (94.4%, 17/18), active lupus myositis (LM, 80%,16/20), inactive LM (36%, 4/11), antisynthetase syndrome (ASyS, 20%, 2/10), systemic sclerosis (13%, 2/15), Sjogren's syndrome (7.7%, 1/13), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) myositis (5.6%, 1/18) and was absent in immune‐mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM, 0/16) and hydroxychloroquine myopathy (0/5). The sensitivity and specificity of MxA sarcoplasmic expression for LM and DM combined compared with all other myositides were 84.6% (95% CI: 69.5–94.1) and 92.1 (95% CI: 83.6–97.0), respectively, and superior to TRIs. MxA capillary expression was nonspecific. Histologically, 35% of LM cases demonstrated a unique panfascicular necrotizing myopathy pattern. The remainder of the LM cases had significant morphological overlap with DM/ASyS (20%), IMNM (20%), or polymyositis (15%).DiscussionMxA sarcoplasmic expression is highly prevalent in LM and DM and is a useful marker in differentiating DM and LM from other myositides. LM can manifest in various pathology patterns that need to be differentiated from DM, IMNM, ASyS, and polymyositis.
Analytical solution for consolidation of unsaturated composite foundation improved by permeable and impermeable columns considering depth‐dependent initial stress
Authors: Qin Aifang , Peng Yuxiang , Gong Jiaming , Jiang Lianghua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe combination of permeable and impermeable columns is commonly employed to enhance the stability of natural ground and expedite the consolidation process while effectively reducing foundation settlement. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the consolidation characteristics of unsaturated composite foundations (USCF) using various methods. Firstly, a mathematical model is developed under the assumption of equal strain, considering depth‐dependent initial stress. To obtain more generalized analytical solutions for excess pore pressures and foundation settlement, separation of variables, Laplace transformation, and inversion Laplace transformation are employed. Secondly, the accuracy of the proposed analytical solutions is validated by comparing them with two specific cases reported in the existing literature, achieved by reducing the compression modulus of columns. Lastly, a series of parameters are investigated to examine the consolidation characteristics of USCF considering depth‐dependent initial stress. The results demonstrate that the final settlement of the foundation will be overestimated while the variation of vertical stress along the depth is neglected. Furthermore, adjusting the values of area replacement ratios proves to be more effective and straightforward than modifying the compression modulus of columns in the reinforcement treatment of USCF.
Preoperative Vitamin D and Calcium Administration in Patients Undergoing Thyroidectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Alhakami Mohammed , Lajdam Ghassan Bin , Ghaddaf Abdullah A. , Alayoubi Sarah , Alhelali Shaden , Alshareef Mohammad , Alharbi Jabir 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to assess whether preoperative administration of calcium and vitamin D prevents postoperative hypocalcemia.Data SourcesA computerized search in Medline, Embase, and CENTRAL databases was performed.Review MethodsTrials comparing preoperative calcium and vitamin D administration with either placebo or nothing were eligible for inclusion. The primary outcomes were the occurrence of laboratory hypocalcemia, mean postoperative calcium level, and symptomatic hypocalcemia. The secondary outcomes were the development of permanent hypoparathyroidism and length of hospitalization. Continuous outcomes were represented as standardized mean difference (SMD), and dichotomous outcomes were represented as risk ratio (RR).ResultsNine trials that enrolled 1079 patients were found eligible. Postoperative laboratory hypocalcemia occurred less in patients who received preoperative calcium and vitamin D, but it was not statistically significant (RR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.60‐1.00; P = .05). Mean postoperative calcium level was significantly higher in the intervention group (SMD = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.07‐0.12; P < .00001). The number of patients with symptomatic hypocalcemia was significantly lower in the intervention group (RR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.38‐0.76; P = .0005). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in cases of permanent hypoparathyroidism and length of hospitalization.ConclusionAdministration of calcium and vitamin D preoperatively achieves lower rates of postthyroidectomy symptomatic hypocalcemia in comparison with no intervention.