bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Utility of an Intervertebral Motion Metric for Deciding on the Addition of Instrumented Fusion in Degenerative Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Reijmer Joey F.H. , de Jong Lex D. , Kempen Diederik H.R. , Arts Mark P. , van Susante Job L.C. 
Published: January 2024

Study Design.
A prospective single-arm clinical study.

Objective.
To explore the clinical utility of an intervertebral motion metric by determining the proportion of patients for whom it changed their surgical treatment plan from decompression only to decompression with fusion or vice versa.

Summary of Background Data.
Lumbar spinal stenosis from degenerative spondylolisthesis is commonly treated with decompression only or decompression with additional instrumented fusion. An objective diagnostic tool capable of establishing abnormal motion between lumbar vertebrae to guide decision-making between surgical procedures is needed. To this end, a metric based on the vertebral sagittal plane translation-per-degree-of-rotation calculated from flexion-extension radiographs was developed.

Materials and Methods.
First, spine surgeons documented their intended surgical plan. Subsequently, the participants’ flexion-extension radiographs were taken. From these, the translation-per-degree-of-rotation was calculated and reported as a sagittal plane shear index (SPSI). The SPSI metric of the spinal level intended to be treated was used to decide if the intended surgical plan needed to be changed or not.

Results.
SPSI was determined for 75 participants. Of these, 51 (68%) had an intended surgical plan of decompression only and 24 (32%) had decompression with fusion. In 63% of participants, the SPSI was in support of their intended surgical plan. For 29% of participants, the surgeon changed the surgical plan after the SPSI metric became available to them. A suggested change in the surgical plan was overruled by 8% of participants. The final surgical plan was decompression only for 59 (79%) participants and decompression with fusion for 16 (21%) participants.

Conclusion.
The 29% change in intended surgical plans suggested that SPSI was considered by spine surgeons as an adjunct metric in deciding whether to perform decompression only or to add instrumented fusion. This change exceeded the a priori defined 15% considered necessary to show the potential clinical utility of SPSI.
Breast-conserving surgery is associated with a lower incidence of suicide among females with breast cancer in the United States: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Guo Guiping , Li Junteng , Zheng Yongqiang , Liu Ze-Xian , Lin Huan 
Published: January 2024

Background:
With comparable overall survival and local recurrence rates with mastectomy, breast-conserving surgery (BCS) has become the cornerstone of therapy for breast cancer; however, the difference in the incidence of suicide between BCS and mastectomy among breast cancer survivors remains unclear. This study evaluated the mortality risk from suicide among breast cancer survivors and compared suicide risk between BCS and mastectomy using a population-based cohort.

Materials and methods:
Female patients newly diagnosed with first primary breast cancer, recorded in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database, were included. Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and cumulative mortality rate from suicide among those who underwent BCS and mastectomy were compared.

Results:
A total of 1 190 991 patients with newly diagnosed first primary breast cancer were included in the study, of whom 56.5% underwent BCS and 36.1% underwent mastectomy. During the follow-up period, 667 suicides were recorded. Patients who underwent mastectomy exhibited significantly higher suicide mortality than the general population [mortality rate, 8.16 per 100 000 person-years; SMR 1.18 (95% CI 1.05–1.33)], while there was no significant difference in suicide rate between patients who underwent BCS and the general population [SMR 0.92 (95% CI 0.83–1.02)]. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that BCS, compared with mastectomy, was associated with a significantly decreased risk of suicide among females with breast cancer [hazard ratio 0.80 (95% CI 0.68–0.95); P = 0.009].

Conclusion:
BCS was associated with a significantly lower incidence of suicide among females with breast cancer. BCS offers a compelling option for improving the quality of life and self-esteem of patients with cancer and provides a novel perspective on cancer management.
Polyphyllin Ⅲ regulates EMT of lung cancer cells through GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Liu Qian , Luo Zhuang , Yang Jiao 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Some studies have found that the application of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of lung cancer has achieved satisfying results. Polyphyllin Ⅲ (PP Ⅲ) is a natural steroid saponin from P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, and its analogs have played a wide role in anticancer research. This study aimed to investigate the effect of PP Ⅲ on the development of lung cancer and its molecular mechanism.

Methods:
A549 and NCI-H1299 cell lines were treated with PP Ⅲ in gradient concentration to detect the IC50 of the cells, and the optimal concentration was selected for subsequent experiments. The effects of PP III treatment on lung cancer were investigated in vitro and in vivo.

Results:
In vitro experiments, it was found that the proliferation, invasion, migration, and colony formation ability of cancer cells were significantly reduced after PP III treatment, while accompanied by a large number of cell apoptosis. Further detection showed that N-cadherin was significantly decreased, E-cadherin was increased, and Snail and Twist were decreased in A549 cells and NCI-H1299 cells, respectively. In addition, GSK-3β expression was increased, while β-catenin expression was reduced with PP III treatment. In the mouse model, it was demonstrated that the volume of transplanted tumors was significantly reduced after PP Ⅲ treatment.

Conclusions:
PP Ⅲ has the capacity to inhibit the progression of lung cancer and regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition through the GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway to suppress the malignant behavior of cancer cells. The application of PP Ⅲ is expected to be an effective method for the treatment of lung cancer.
Uncommon presentation of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in a 13-year-old girl: acute vomiting of blood as the initial symptom
Authors: Jin Xinyu , Jin Xin , Guo Piao , Lu Linjuan , Sheng Weisong , Zhu Danrong 
Published: January 2024

Introduction and importance:
Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL lymphoma), also known as mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, is a rare B-cell lymphoma that rarely affects children. The involvement of infectious agents, especially H. pylori, has been observed in the formation and progression of MALT lymphoma in the stomach. Hematemesis as the primary clinical manifestation is uncommon, highlighting the need for case studies with this presentation. This article uses SCARE2023 criteria as a framework to sort out a case report in order.

Case presentation:
A 13-year-old female patient was admitted in August 2022 with an episode of hematemesis. She had a prior diagnosis of anaemia and was found positive for H. pylori. Despite treatment, she developed symptoms of chronic non-atrophic gastritis and had recurring episodes of hematemesis. Physical and diagnostic examinations revealed B-cell lymphoma localized in the gastric antrum. The primary diagnosis was extranodal MALT lymphoma with unique plasma cell differentiation.

Clinical discussion:
The presentation of gastric MALT lymphoma can be variable, with definitive diagnosis often achieved via endoscopic biopsy. H. pylori plays a significant role in the onset and progression of this lymphoma, emphasizing the importance of its eradication for treatment. Effective outcomes can be achieved through anti-H. pylori treatment, although it is essential for clinicians to ensure its complete eradication post-treatment.

Conclusion:
Paediatric presentation of gastric MALT lymphoma, especially with hematemesis as the primary symptom, is rare and can be easily misdiagnosed. Compared to adults, children generally exhibit a better prognosis with effective H. pylori treatment. It is vital for medical professionals to recognize the differences in presentation between children and adults to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Myasthenic crisis-induced Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: a case report
Authors: Khadka Janak , Bhattarai Pravesh , Adhikari Apsara , Acharya Rajat , Rayamajhi Parash 
Published: January 2024

Introduction and importance:
Myasthenic crisis (MC) is characterized by severe weakness in the bulbar and respiratory muscles. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) is a rare clinical entity mainly associated with postmenopausal women. We report a case of both these conditions in a premenopausal woman.

Case presentation:
A 31-year-old woman with hypothyroidism presented with dyspnea. Bedside echocardiography in the ICU revealed an apical ballooning with an ejection fraction of 25%, and she was treated with losartan, furosemide, and spironolactone. She was intubated after 2 days as she developed respiratory distress and type II respiratory failure. Upon investigation, the patient tested positive for anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody. Treatment with five doses of IVIG (intravenous immunoglobulin) was given, and she made a remarkable recovery. Repeat echocardiography revealed her ejection fraction is normal and cardiac function is resolved.

Clinical discussion:
The association between TC and MC is unusual and not commonly observed. MC can be a natural progression of myasthenia gravis or due to stressors, such as infection, medicine, pregnancy, and surgery. Stressful events can lead to TC. This leads to the possibility of TC, along with other cardiac complications, in patients with MC.

Conclusion:
Patients with MC may be at potential risk of developing TC, thus careful cardiac monitoring is necessary while treating them for a better prognosis.
The science of joy: happiness among healthcare workers
Authors: Caraballo-Arias Yohama , Feola Daniela , Milani Simona 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of review
Understanding the impact of healthcare workers’ (HCW) happiness on patient care is crucial. The aim of this review is to provide an update on recent advances in the field.

Recent findings
The article depicts the importance of HCW's happiness; the factors, the psychometric tests tools and methods to measure their happiness and well being, as well as interventions that organizations can implement to improve it, summarizing what have been published from January 2022 up to August 2023.

Summary
HCW often face demanding work environments, long working hours, and emotional challenges when dealing with patients’ suffering. The constant exposure to such stressors can lead to physical and mental health issues, and factors like job satisfaction, work-life balance, and support from colleagues and supervisor play a significant role in their happiness. Tools such as the Shorted Happiness at Work Scale (SHAW) and Eudemonic and Hedonic happiness investigation, and other surveys and qualitative methods have been used to assess overall well being. Organizational strategies have been implemented to promote a positive work culture, recognize and reward efforts, and create a supportive environment to improve happiness. Mindfulness-based techniques, web-based interventions, practice gratitude, peer support programs, and stress management training seem to be effective measures to enhance the well being of HCW.
Resection to Exploration Ratios and Associated Outcomes in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Malleo Giuseppe , Casciani Fabio , Lionetto Gabriella , Esposito Alessandro , Binco Alessandra , Solinas Dario , De Pastena Matteo , Pea Antonio , Paiella Salvatore , Salvia Roberto 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
To investigate resection/exploration ratios (RER), reasons for omission of pancreatectomy, and survival outcomes in patients undergoing surgical exploration with resection intent for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Summary Background Data:
While surgical indications for PDAC are expanding, information about intraoperative attrition is lacking.

Methods:
The RER was calculated in PDAC patients undergoing exploration from 2018 through 2020. Factors associated with uncompleted resection and survival were identified using multivariable models.

Results:
In total, 681 patients were included. Upfront explorations were 296 (43.7%), and post-neoadjuvant explorations were 385 (56.3%). The overall RER was 89.7% (90.5% in the upfront setting and 89.1% post-neoadjuvant treatment). In this latter subgroup, the RER decreased from 96.1% in resectable disease to 86.6% in borderline resectable disease and 61.9% in locally advanced disease. The primary reasons for uncompleted resection were occult metastases in presumed resectable/borderline resectable disease (without difference between upfront and post-neoadjuvant operations) and local unresectability in locally advanced disease. No preoperative variable was associated with uncompleted resection in upfront explorations, while anatomical staging informed the likelihood of surgical attrition following neoadjuvant treatment. Uncompleted resection was invariably associated with a median survival of around one year. The median post-pancreatectomy survival was 36.9 months in the upfront setting and 29.5 months following neoadjuvant treatment. The median survival from diagnosis in patients receiving post-neoadjuvant resection was 34.5 months.

Conclusions:
This analysis provided contemporary information about resection rates, reasons for intraoperative attrition, and survival outcomes in the entire spectrum of PDAC patients selected for surgical exploration at an experienced institution.
Characterization of Pain Associated With Pelvic Organ Prolapse: Is Surgery the Answer?
Authors: Yuan Angela S. , Ferrando Cecile A. , Hickman Lisa C. 
Published: January 2024

Importance
Data on the incidence of pelvic organ prolapse (POP)–related pain, risk factors for its development, and treatment effects of surgery remain sparse.

Objectives
The aims of the study were to evaluate the incidence and characteristics of POP-related pain in patients presenting with POP and assess the outcome of pain after surgery.

Study Design
This was a retrospective study of patients presenting for initial evaluation of POP from May 2019 to May 2020. Using a standardized questionnaire, patients were asked “Do you have pain associated with your prolapse (not pressure or fullness)?” and to indicate pain severity and location(s). Patients who underwent surgery were asked postoperatively if their POP-related pain resolved. Patient and perioperative characteristics were obtained from the medical record and used to evaluate relationships between the presence and resolution of POP-related pain.

Results
Of the 795 patients who met inclusion criteria, 106 (13.3%) reported POP-related pain. The mean age of all patients was 59.9 years, 38.1% had stage 3 or greater POP, and 52.1% were sexually active. Women with POP-related pain reported a median severity of 5 of 10. The most common pain locations were the vagina (46.6%), lower abdomen (27.4%), and back (9.6%). Fifty-seven women with pain (53.8%) underwent surgery, and 40 (70.2%) reported postoperative pain resolution. Of those who did not have resolution, pain improved or remained stable in severity. No patients reported worsening pain after surgery.

Conclusions
Pain is a symptom experienced by more than 1 in 8 women presenting with POP, with 70% reporting resolution of their pain postoperatively.
Using Oncolytic Virus to Retask CD19-Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells for Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer: Toward a Universal Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Strategy for Solid Tumor
Authors: Chen Courtney , Park Anthony K , Monroy Isabel , Ren Yuwei , Kim Sang-In , Chaurasiya Shyambabu , Priceman Saul J , Fong Yuman 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting the B-cell antigen CD19 are standard therapy for relapsed or refractory B-cell lymphoma and leukemia. CAR T cell therapy in solid tumors is limited due to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and a lack of tumor-restricted antigens. We recently engineered an oncolytic virus (CF33) with high solid tumor affinity and specificity to deliver a nonsignaling truncated CD19 antigen (CD19t), allowing targeting by CD19-CAR T cells. Here, we tested this combination against pancreatic cancer.

STUDY DESIGN:
We engineered CF33 to express a CD19t (CF33-CD19t) target. Flow cytometry and ELISA were performed to quantify CD19t expression, immune activation, and killing by virus and CD19-CAR T cells against various pancreatic tumor cells. Subcutaneous pancreatic human xenograft tumor models were treated with virus, CAR T cells, or virus+CAR T cells.

RESULTS:
In vitro, CF33-CD19t infection of tumor cells resulted in >90% CD19t cell-surface expression. Coculturing CD19-CAR T cells with infected cells resulted in interleukin-2 and interferon gamma secretion, upregulation of T-cell activation markers, and synergistic cell killing. Combination therapy of virus+CAR T cells caused significant tumor regression (day 13): control (n = 16, 485 ± 20 mm3), virus alone (n = 20, 254 ± 23 mm3, p = 0.0001), CAR T cells alone (n = 18, 466 ± 25 mm3, p = NS), and virus+CAR T cells (n = 16, 128 ± 14 mm3, p < 0.0001 vs control; p = 0.0003 vs virus).

CONCLUSIONS:
Engineered CF33-CD19t effectively infects and expresses CD19t in pancreatic tumors, triggering cell killing and increased immunogenic response by CD19-CAR T cells. Notably, CF33-CD19t can turn cold immunologic tumors hot, enabling solid tumors to be targetable by agents designed against liquid tumor antigens.
Dynamically generated states from the
ηK*K¯*
,
πK*K¯*
, and
KK*K¯*
systems within the fixed-center approximation
Authors: Shen Qing-Hua , Zhang Xu , Liu Xiang , Xie Ju-Jun 
Published: January 2024

The three-body systems ηK*K¯*, πK*K¯*, and KK*K¯* are further investigated within the framework of fixed-center approximation, where K*K¯* is treated as the fixed-center, corresponding to the possible scalar meson a0(1780) or the tensor meson f2′(1525). The interactions between η, π, K, and K* are taken from the chiral unitary approach. The resonance structures appear in the modulus squared of the three-body scattering amplitude and suggest that η/π/K−(K*K¯*)a0(1780)/f2′(1525) hadron state can be formed. By scattering the η meson on the fixed-center (K*K¯*)a0(1780), it is found that there is a distinct peak around 2100 MeV, as shown in the modulus squared of the three-body scattering amplitude, which can be associated with the meson π(2070). For the scattering of the η meson on the (K*K¯*)f2′(1525), a resonance structure around 1890 MeV is found and it can be associated with the η2(1870) meson. Other resonance structures are also found and can be associated with π2(1880) and η(2010).

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
The unaccounted effects of digital transformation: participatory accountability in a humanitarian organisation
Authors: Dinh Tami , O'Leary Susan 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThis study explores the evolving dynamics of participatory accountability within humanitarian contexts, where digitally connected crisis-affected populations demand better accountability from aid organisations, and as a result, shift traditional hierarchies and relationships between humanitarian agencies and beneficiaries.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a case study approach, focussing on the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), to investigate how participatory accountability manifests outside formal practices and re-emerges in social media spaces. The study analyses internal organisational challenges and explores the implications of digital platforms on humanitarian practices. The authors employ Chouliaraki and Georgiou's (2015, 2019, 2022) networks of mediation, particularly intermediation and transmediation, to understand how digital expressions translate to offline contexts and reshape meanings and actions.FindingsThe study reveals that social media platforms enable beneficiaries to demand participatory accountability beyond traditional practices, democratising humanitarian response and challenging power structures. These effects are multifaceted, introducing enhanced democratic and inclusive humanitarian aid as well as new vulnerabilities. Digital intermediaries and gatekeepers play pivotal roles in curating and disseminating crisis-affected voices, which, when transmediated, result in nuanced meanings and understandings. Positive effects include capturing the potential of digital networks for democratic aid, while negative effects give rise to moral responsibilities, necessitating proactive measures from the ICRC.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature by highlighting the impact of digital technology, particularly social media, on participatory accountability. It expands the understanding of the evolving landscape of accountability within the humanitarian sector and offers critical insights into the complexities and dual purposes of participatory accountability in contexts of resistance. Employing Chouliaraki and Georgiou's networks of mediation adds depth to the understanding of digital technology's role in shaping participatory practices and introduces the concept of transmediation as a bridge between digital expressions and tangible actions.
Sleep arousal detection for monitoring of sleep disorders using one-dimensional convolutional neural network-based U-Net and bio-signals
Authors: Mishra Priya , Swetapadma Aleena 
Published: January 2024

PurposeSleep arousal detection is an important factor to monitor the sleep disorder.Design/methodology/approachThus, a unique nth layer one-dimensional (1D) convolutional neural network-based U-Net model for automatic sleep arousal identification has been proposed.FindingsThe proposed method has achieved area under the precision–recall curve performance score of 0.498 and area under the receiver operating characteristics performance score of 0.946.Originality/valueNo other researchers have suggested U-Net-based detection of sleep arousal.Research limitations/implicationsFrom the experimental results, it has been found that U-Net performs better accuracy as compared to the state-of-the-art methods.Practical implicationsSleep arousal detection is an important factor to monitor the sleep disorder. Objective of the work is to detect the sleep arousal using different physiological channels of human body.Social implicationsIt will help in improving mental health by monitoring a person's sleep.
Ethical hardware reverse engineering for securing the digital supply chain in critical infrastructure
Authors: Nygård Arne Roar , Katsikas Sokratis K. 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to discuss the ethical aspects of hardware reverse engineering (HRE) and propose an ethical framework for HRE when used to mitigate cyber risks of the digital supply chain of critical infrastructure operators.

Design/methodology/approach
A thorough review and analysis of existing relevant literature was performed to establish the current state of knowledge in the field. Ethical frameworks proposed for other areas/disciplines and identified pertinent ethical principles have been used to inform the proposed framework’s development.

Findings
The proposed framework provides actionable guidance to security professionals engaged with such activities to support them in assessing whether an HRE project conforms to ethical principles. Recommendations on action needed to complement the framework are also proposed. According to the proposed framework, reverse engineering is neither unethical nor illegal if performed honourably. Collaboration with vendors and suppliers at an industry-wide level is critical for appropriately endorsing the proposed framework.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no ethical framework currently guides cybersecurity research, far less of cybersecurity vulnerability research and reverse engineering.