bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local/e
Authors: Eltringham Nigel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Recognizing that the “local” has become a central concern in “transitional justice,” this chapter asks whether this is an expression of a long-standing fetishization of “cultural authenticity” associated with (neo)colonial control. The chapter suggests that “internationals” often rely upon a fabricated “local” (identified by an exoticized “culture”). A consequence of this is that post-conflict responses that are insufficiently exotic are overlooked or intentionally ignored as they are not prone to external instumentalization. Likewise, an emphasis on an exoticized “culture” means that certain sites of transitional justice that are portrayed as being “acultural” (such as international criminal tribunals) escape scrutiny, thereby augmenting the authority of the proponents of “transitional justice.” The chapter concludes by suggesting that recognizing that “transitional justice” is a project involving diverse actors in dispersed locale(s) is a more appropriate approach than focusing on the “local.”
Managerialism at the United Nations
Authors: Grover Leena 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
One of the most significant developments in the field of transitional justice is the shift from national to international content creation regarding what constitutes a transitional injustice and how to address it. This is the story about that shift, how the United Nations (UN) went from observing to supporting and then managing transitional justice efforts. This chapter is divided into four parts. First, the UN’s initial observation of and support for national transitional justice efforts is summarized. Second, the shift from national to international content creation in this field is traced. It is argued that the UN achieved this shift through a combination of four techniques: blurring the distinction between hard and soft international laws; thickening these international norms; asserting the hegemony of these norms; and assuming the authority to administer them. Third, injustices marginalized by the UN’s transitional justice regime are fleshed out. It is argued that the UN’s understanding of transitional justice excludes four overlapping categories of injustices in transitioning societies: distributive injustices; systemic injustices; “ordinary” criminal injustices; and transitional injustices addressed through “ordinary” laws or politics. Finally, it is demonstrated that, while significantly increasing its management of transitions, the UN has nevertheless maintained a narrow and historically contingent understanding of transitional justice. This combination of administrative expansion and regime stability has been possible through the UN’s creation of distinct conceptual baskets that neighbor transitional justice—rule of law, non-recurrence, and addressing the root causes of conflict—and allocating interventions in transitioning societies to them.
Same-Sex Couples under the International Right to Marry
Authors: Waaldijk Kees 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This analysis of the textual history of the international human right to marry, and of the international case law on same-sex marriage, argues that this right does not exclude same-sex couples. The words ‘men and women’ in this right were not inserted to codify heterosexual exclusivity, but to emphasize equality of women and men. Several international human rights bodies now consider this gender-neutral right applicable to same-sex couples, but still allow countries (at least for some transitional period) to keep excluding them from marriage. With the growing number of countries opening up marriage, and with the increased focus on non-discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation, two trends in international law have emerged: to require some alternative recognition when same-sex couples are excluded from marriage (e.g. cohabitation rights or registered partnership), and to require recognition of existing same-sex marriages (including foreign marriages, and marriages where a transgender spouse changes legal gender).
Population comparative genomics discovers gene gain and loss during grapevine domestication
Authors: Long Qiming , Cao Shuo , Huang Guizhou , Wang Xu , Liu Zhongjie , Liu Wenwen , Wang Yiwen , Xiao Hua , Peng Yanling , Zhou Yongfeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Plant domestication are evolutionary experiments conducted by early farmers since thousands years ago, during which the crop wild progenitors are artificially selected for desired agronomic traits along with dramatic genomic variation in the course of moderate to severe bottlenecks. However, previous investigations are mainly focused on small-effect variants, while changes in gene contents are rarely investigated due to the lack of population-level assemblies for both the crop and its wild relatives. Here, we applied comparative genomic analyses to discover gene gain and loss during grapevine domestication using long-read assemblies of representative population samples for both domesticated grapevines (V. vinifera ssp. vinifera) and their wild progenitors (V. vinifera ssp. sylvestris). Only ∼7% of gene families were shared by 16 Vitis genomes while ∼8% of gene families were specific to each accession, suggesting dramatic variations of gene contents in grapevine genomes. Compared to wild progenitors, the domesticated accessions exhibited an increased presence of genes associated with asexual reproduction, while the wild progenitors showcased a higher abundance of genes related to pollination, revealing the transition from sexual reproduction to clonal propagation during domestication processes. Moreover, the domesticated accessions harbored fewer disease-resistance genes than wild progenitors. The SVs occurred frequently in aroma and disease-resistance related genes between domesticated grapevines and wild progenitors, indicating the rapid diversification of these genes during domestication. Our study provides insights and resources for biological studies and breeding programs in grapevine.
Affective neuroscience: applications for sexual medicine research and clinical practice
Authors: Mills-Finnerty Colleen , Staggs Halee , Bittoni Celeste , Wise Nan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionAffective neuroscience is the study of the brain substrates of emotional, embodied experiences. Affective neuroscience theory (ANT) is based on experimental evidence that all mammals are hardwired with 7 primary subcortical emotional operating systems, or “core emotions,” that have overlapping but distinct circuits buried in the deep, ancient parts of the brain. Imbalances in the 7 core emotions can affect multiple aspects of the individual’s psychosocial well-being (eg, depression, anxiety, substance abuse). Here, we propose that core emotions can also influence sexual function and, specifically, that imbalances in core emotions are the bridge connecting psychiatric symptoms (eg, anhedonia) to sexual dysfunction (eg, anorgasmia).ObjectivesIn this targeted review and commentary, we outline potential connections between ANT and sexual medicine research and clinical practice. We summarize ANT by defining the 3-level BrainMind and core emotions; examining how they relate to personality, behavior, and mental health; and determining the implications for sexual health research and clinical practice.MethodsA targeted literature review was conducted. Case studies were adapted from client files and clinician interviews and then anonymized.ResultsWe propose a novel organizational schema for implementing affective balance therapies for sexual dysfunction, which integrate psychoeducational, somatic, and cognitive therapeutic approaches under the ANT framework. We provide 3 patient case studies (anorgasmia, hypersexuality, spinal cord injury) outlining the implementation of this approach and patient outcomes.ConclusionANT has practical translational applications in sexual health research and clinical practice. By integrating our understanding of the role of core emotions in human sexuality, clinicians can better tailor treatments to address sexual dysfunction.
Facial Anthropometric Analysis of Gender-Related Characteristics in Computed Tomography
Authors: Luo Guan-Jie , Chou Pang-Yun , Chen Chih-Hao 
Published: January 2024

Background
In recent years, facial feminization surgery (FFS) has gained increasing popularity because of increases in transgender individuals and the acceptance of diversity in gender identity. However, there is still a scarcity of anthropometric research to guide evidence-based practices for FFS in Taiwan.

Aim and Objectives
The purpose of this study was to provide a reference for surgeons to achieve optimal outcomes for patients undergoing FFS. The anthropometric analysis could help surgeons meet patients' specific requirements and improve patients' alignment with their gender identity.

Materials and Methods
The study group consisted of 100 patients (50 males and 50 females) who had undergone cranial computed tomography at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan because of the indication of blunt injuries to the head and face with suspected skull and facial fractures. The computed tomography images were imported into the OsiriX image software to conduct an anthropometric evaluation. The parameters used in the measurements included 2 aspects: bone and soft tissue anthropometric analysis.

Results
Anthropometric data were obtained from 50 males (age 32.6 ± 11.4 years) and 50 females (age 33.7 ± 10.3 years). The results for bone measurements showed that both the forehead bossing length and nasal bone width in the male group were significantly greater. The frontal angle in both bone and soft tissue in the male group was significantly smaller. The chin height and bigonial width in both bone and soft tissue in the male group were significantly greater. Although the average gonial angle was greater in the female group, the difference was not significant. For the measurements of lip projection, the results showed that there was no significant difference. Although this group of Asian males had more acute nasolabial angles, the difference was not statistically significant. However, the average nasofrontal angle among females was significantly more obtuse than among males.

Conclusion
The results revealed that Asian males tend to have more prominent superior orbital rims, wider nasal bones, and wider and taller mandibles compared with Asian females. Despite showing some trends, the gonial angle and lip projections did not reveal any significant differences, which is likely because of a large amount of variation.
Platelet-Rich Plasma Lysate Enhances the Osteogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells
Authors: Chen Chia-Fang , Wang Po-Fang , Liao Han-Tsung 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have become an accepted source of cells in bone tissue engineering. This study aimed to investigate whether platelet-rich plasma (PRP) lysate can replace traditional fetal bovine serum as a culture medium with the enhanced proliferation and osteogenic potential of ADSCs. We divided the experiment into 5 groups where the ADSCs were cultured in an osteogenic medium containing 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% PRP lysate with 10% fetal bovine serum as the control group. The cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, ALP stain, alizarin red stain, osteocalcin (OCN) protein expression, and osteogenic-specific gene expression were analyzed and compared among these groups. The outcome showed that all PRP lysate–treated groups had good ALP stain and ALP activity performance. Better alizarin red stains were found in the 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% PRP lysate groups. The 2.5% and 5% PRP lysate groups showed superior results in OCN quantitative polymerase chain reaction, whereas the 5% and 7.5% PRP lysate groups showed higher OCN protein expressions. Early RUNX2 (Runt-related transcription factor 2 () genes were the most expressed in the 5% PRP lysate group, followed by the 2.5% PRP lysate group, and then the 7.5% PRP lysate group. Thus, we concluded that 5% PRP lysate seemed to provide the optimal effect on enhancing the osteogenic potential of ADSCs. Platelet-rich plasma lysate–treated ADSCs were considered to be a good cell source for application in treating nonunion or bone defects in the future.
Evaluation of Concomitant Facial Fracture in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients—Simplification and External Validation of a Prediction Model
Authors: Lin Jennifer An-Jou , Li Pei-Hua , Liao Chien-Hung , Hsieh Chi-Hsun , Kuo Yu-Chi , Hsu Ting-An , Chu Yu-Ying , Fu Chih-Yuan 
Published: January 2024

Background
Patients with traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) often experience concurrent facial bone fractures. In 2021, a prediction model with 10 variables was published and precisely predicted concomitant facial fractures in TBI patients. Herein, external validation and simplification of this model was performed.

Methods
Traumatic brain injury patients treated at a major referral trauma center were retrospectively reviewed for 1 year. The original prediction model (published in 2021), which was developed from a rural level II trauma center, was applied for external validation. A new and simplified model from our level I trauma center was developed and backwardly validated by rural level II trauma center data.

Results
In total, 313 TBI patients were enrolled; 101 (32.3%) had concomitant facial fractures. When the previous prediction model was applied to the validation cohort, it achieved acceptable discrimination, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.713 and good precision, with a Brier score of 0.083. A new and simplified model with 6 variables (age, tooth rupture, epistaxis, facial lesion, eye injury, and intracranial hemorrhage) was created with excellent discrimination (AUC = 0.836) and good precision (Brier score of 0.055). The backward validation of this new model also showed excellent discrimination in the cohort used to develop the original model (AUC = 0.875).

Conclusion
The original model provides an acceptable and reproducible prediction of concomitant facial fractures among TBI patients. A simplified model with fewer variables and the same accuracy could be applied in the emergency department and at higher- and lower-level trauma centers.
Comparing Surgical Site Infection Rate Between Primary Closure and Rhomboid Flap After Stoma Reversal
Authors: Chu Che-Ming , Chen Chih-Cheng , Chang Yu-Yao , Syu Kai-Jyun , Lin Shih-Lung 
Published: January 2024

Background
Primary closure (PC) is a common wound closure procedure after stoma reversal and is associated with a high rate of surgical site infection (SSI). This study introduced a new method of skin closure, a rhomboid flap (RF), for skin closure after stoma reversal and compared the SSI rate between the 2 techniques.

Methods
This is a single-center retrospective study. Patients who underwent colostomy or ileostomy closure performed using either rotation flap (n = 33) or PC (n = 121) techniques for skin closure after stoma reversal between April 2019 and July 2022 were enrolled in this study. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed to obtain data. Both groups were followed up postoperatively at 1 month for wound infection. Wound infection within 30 days after surgery was indicated by the presence of purulent discharge, erythema, local heat, or positive culture for bacteria.

Results
In the PC group, the infection rate was 25.6% (n = 121) compared with 12.1% (n = 33) in the RF group (P = 0.158). Among the patients who underwent colostomy reversal, the infection rate of the RF group was significantly lower compared with that of the PC group (11.1% vs 36.9%, P = 0.045). Among the patients who underwent ileostomy reversal, no significant differences in the infection rates between the groups were found (13.3% vs 12.5%, P = 1.000).

Conclusions
Although the RF technique requires slightly longer operative time for flap design in practice than the linear closure method, the technique can significantly reduce the SSI rate after colostomy reversal through the dissection of the surrounding inflammatory tissues and obliteration of the dead space. Additional studies are required to evaluate this technique, compare it with other existing methods, and explore long-term complications.
Chang Gung Forum
Authors: Chen Gloria , Tu Junior Chun-Yu , Chuang Kai-Ti , Wang Po-Fang , Yao Chuan-Fong , Chou Pang-Yun , Lu Ting-Chen , Chen Ying-An , Chang Chun-Shin , Lin Clement Cheng-Hui , Chen Zung-Chung , Lo Lun-Jou , Chen Yu-Ray 
Published: January 2024

Introduction
The Chang Gung Forum has been dedicated to the care of craniofacial anomalies since 2000. This annual continuing medical education program focuses on orofacial cleft and surgery-first orthognathic surgery by providing up-to-date information and management guidelines. This study explored how the Chang Gung Forum has influenced medical perspectives, decisions, and practices in a multidisciplinary craniofacial team.

Methods
Between 2000 and 2022, 20 Chang Gung Forums have been held. A questionnaire was distributed among 170 attendees who had participated in the forum more than once. The questionnaire collected information on the participants' experiences and levels of satisfaction with the educational program and whether or how it had influenced their clinical practice.

Results
Valid responses from 86 attendees (response rate, 50.6%) who had participated more than once were collected and analyzed. The overall satisfaction rate of the Chang Gung Forum based on the respondents' most recent visits was 4.28 ± 0.63 out of 5. Of the respondents, 90.9% acknowledged changes in their clinical practice, with modifications in surgery plans and decisions being the most notable (48.5%). In addition, comprehension increased throughout years of attending the annual forum (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
The Chang Gung Forum has contributed markedly to the community of congenital craniofacial anomalies. The program will continue providing updated information and influencing the clinical decision-making of health care professionals.
Enhanced Diabetic Rat Wound Healing by Platelet-Rich Plasma Adhesion Zwitterionic Hydrogel
Authors: Huang Nan-Chieh , Huang Nien-Chi , Kang Lan-Ya , Hsieh Pai-Shan , Dai Lien-Guo , Dai Niann-Tzyy , Huang Chun-Jen 
Published: January 2024

Background
The skin is the largest organ in the human body and serves as a barrier for protective, immune, and sensory functions. Continuous and permanent exposure to the external environment results in different levels of skin and extracellular matrix damage. During skin wound healing, the use of good dressings and addition of growth factors to the wound site can effectively modulate the rate of wound healing. A dressing containing bioactive substances can absorb wound exudates and reduce adhesion between the wound and dressing, whereas growth factors, cytokines, and signaling factors can promote cell motility and proliferation.

Aim and Objectives
We prepared a functional wound dressing by combining platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and zwitterionic hydrogels. Functional wound dressings are rich in various naturally occurring growth factors that can effectively promote the healing process in various types of tissues and absorb wound exudates to reduce adhesion between wounds and dressings. Furthermore, PRP-incorporated zwitterionic hydrogels have been used to repair full-thickness wounds in Sprague-Dawley rats with diabetes (DM SD).

Materials and Methods
Fibroblasts and keratinocytes were cultured with PRP, zwitterionic hydrogels, and PRP-incorporated zwitterionic hydrogels to assess cell proliferation and specific gene expression. Furthermore, PRP-incorporated zwitterionic hydrogels were used to repair full-thickness skin defects in DM SD rats.

Results
The swelling ratio of hydrogel, hydrogel + PRP1000 (108 platelets/mL), and hydrogel + PRP1000 (109 platelets/mL) groups were similar (~07.71% ± 1.396%, 700.17% ± 1.901%, 687.48% ± 4.661%, respectively) at 144 hours. The tensile strength and Young modulus of the hydrogel and hydrogel + PRP10000 groups were not significantly different. High concentrations of PRP (approximately 108 and 109 platelets/mL) effectively promoted the proliferation of fibroblasts and keratinocytes. The zwitterionic hydrogels were not cytotoxic to any cell type. High PRP concentration-incorporated zwitterionic hydrogels increased the rate of cell proliferation and significantly increased the expression of characteristic genes such as collagen, fibronectin, involucrin, and keratin. Subsequently, zwitterionic hydrogels with high PRP concentrations were used to repair full-thickness skin defects in DM SD rats, and a wound healing rate of more than 90% was recorded on day 12.

Conclusions
PRP contains high concentrations of growth factors that promote cell viability, enhance specific gene expression, and have a high medical value in cell therapy. Zwitterionic hydrogels have a 3-dimensional interconnected microporous structure and can resist cell adhesion without causing cytotoxicity. Platelet-rich plasma–incorporated zwitterionic hydrogels further enhance the cellular properties and provide an effective therapeutic option for wound healing.
Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an online mindful walking intervention among COVID-19 long haulers: A mixed method study including daily diary surveys
Authors: Aggarwal Abhishek , Qiao Shan , Yang Chih-Hsiang , Taylor Slone , Tam Cheuk Chi , Li Xiaoming 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveMindful-walking (MW) intervention could be an effective strategy to address the psychosocial stressors and physical health challenges faced by COVID-19 long haulers. This study aims to test the feasibility of digitally delivering MW intervention among long haulers via social media and assess its preliminary efficacy on enhancing physical and psychosocial wellbeing.MethodWe recruited 23 participants via Facebook groups in March and November 2021 for a 4-week online MW intervention, consisting of mindfulness practices (2 sessions per week), delivered entirely through the Facebook group. The intervention was assessed using mixed methods. Quantitative data were collected through 28-day brief daily evening surveys over the 4 weeks intervention period, including affect, cognition, mindfulness, physical activity, and MW engagement. Qualitative data were extracted from Paradata (i.e., participants’ responses to the social media posts). Multilevel modeling was employed for statistical analysis and a pragmatic approach was used for qualitative analysis.ResultsThe mean feasibility score was 4.93/7 (SD=1.88). Multilevel models showed that MW uptake on a given day was positively associated with positive affect (β=0.89,p<0.01), perceived cognition (β=0.52,p<0.05), and physical activity levels (β=0.41,p<0.05), and negatively associated with negative affect (β=-0.83,p<0.01). Total number of MW days across the study period were positively associated with mindfulness levels (β=0.3p<0.01). Paradata reported satisfaction in mindfulness skill enhancement, symptom management and well-being promotion.ConclusionThe digital delivery of our MW intervention via Facebook showed high acceptability. Preliminary efficacy findings indicate improved mental wellbeing and physical activity among long haulers.