bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of an Advanced Filtering Antenna by Utilizing Coupling Mechanisms between Radiative and Non‐Radiative Resonators
Authors: Hao Jia‐Xiang , Zhu Lei , Li Hui‐Dong , Zhang Xiao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis letter proposes a novel filtering antenna with an alternated form of radiative and non‐radiative resonators. The coupling effects between radiative and non‐radiative resonators are thoroughly analyzed with proposed equivalent circuit models. Within its passband, the continuous phase changes between two radiators are discussed in detail. To obtain an in‐phase superposition between two radiators at central frequency, the original half‐wavelength non‐radiative resonator is prolonged to one wavelength. Meanwhile, the phase shifting between two radiators yields a continuous beam steering performance in the passband. With the help of the proposed circuit model, the conditions for obtaining the maximum radiation gain, the key factors affecting the antenna bandwidth, and the prediction of the scanning range are discussed. The proposed method can indeed benefit the entire design procedure quantitatively rather than qualitatively. Finally, a prototype is demonstrated and fabricated. The results show that a third‐order filtering antenna is successfully designed with a relatively high gain of 9.84 dBi and a wide frequency scanning range of −29° to 21°. The proposed antenna enjoys a rather simple structure without extra feeding networks.
Clinicopathological Features of Mixed Connective Tissue Disease‐Related Myositis: A Case Series
Authors: Sakamoto Naohiro , Izumi Rumiko , Suzuki Naoki , Tateyama Maki , Aoki Masashi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionMixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) patients often have myositis, however, myopathological and clinical data for MCTD are limited. Recent reports have shown that the pathology of MCTD myositis resembles that of immune‐mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM), whereas earlier reports described perifascicular atrophy or inflammatory infiltrates predominantly in the perivascular region in MCTD myositis. We aim to describe the clinical and myopathological features of MCTD myositis.MethodsWe analyzed the clinical and myopathological findings of nine myositis patients with U1‐RNP antibodies who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for MCTD.ResultsEight patients had muscle weakness in the proximal extremities, and overall, six patients had atypical weakness in the face, neck, wrist, or fingers. Four of those patients required additional intensive treatment (intravenous immunoglobulin or methylprednisolone). Therapeutic responses were consistently favorable overall, and there were no deaths during the observation period. In biopsied muscle specimens, common findings were mild myogenic change, increased necrotic and regenerating fibers, and inflammatory infiltrates predominating in the perivascular region. Two specimens were classified into the spectrum of dermatomyositis (DM); the remaining seven specimens, which had a smaller number of necrotic fibers and nonspecific infiltration, were unclassifiable.DiscussionPatients with MCTD myositis often exhibit an axial or atypical distribution of muscle weakness, which may require intensive therapy. Histological study demonstrates the heterogeneity of myopathology of MCTD myositis and suggests that DM and underlying vasculopathy might be present in these patients.
Intratracheal Administration of Nanoplastics With Varying Surface Hydrophobicity Results in Coarsely Vacuolated Alveolar Macrophages, Transient Respiratory Inflammation, and Mild Collagen Deposition
Authors: Morgan Anna Babin , Riffo‐Vasquez Yanira , Bodhaniya Aateka , Jones Stuart A. , Forbes Ben , Sunassee Kavitha , de Rosales Rafael T. M. , Wright Stephanie , Page Clive , Dailey Lea Ann 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTInhalation of biopersistent nanoplastics may have adverse effects on lung health. By varying the acetate content of poly(vinyl acetate‐co‐alcohol) (PVAc), model nanoplastics with different surface hydrophobicity can be produced to study the effects of nanoplastic hydrophobicity in the lung. PVAc nanoplastics with a high hydrophobicity, administered by oropharyngeal aspiration to C57BL/6j mice (300 µg; ∼10 mg/kg), show transient pulmonary inflammation which peaks at 24 h post‐administration and resolves by day 7. Hydrophilic PVAc induces no inflammatory effects at the same dose. Pulmonary administration of hydrophilic and hydrophobic PVAc nanoplastics increases the prevalence (∼30%–35%) of distinctive coarsely vacuolated alveolar macrophages over 28 days. Hydrophobic PVAc and silica nanoparticles (control) induce minor increases in collagen deposition, but do not stimulate tissue remodeling to the same extent as a bleomycin model of fibrosis. Longitudinal micro‐CT imaging is explored as a non‐invasive methodology for detection of lung fibrosis. A bespoke image analysis method to quantify high density tissue signal volume correlates moderately well with histopathology‐derived collagen deposition data (R2 = 0.73). In summary, inhaled nanoplastics with high surface hydrophobicity induce transient inflammation following a single administration of 300 µg, an increase in coarsely vacuolated macrophages and mild increases in collagen deposition.
Opportunities for Downward Accountability? Survey Evidence From Small Transnational NGOs
Authors: Schnable Allison , Appe Susan , Buyannemekh Battulga 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDevelopment NGOs face expanded pressures for accountability, both to deliver project results and to operate with participatory and democratic processes. Existing research distinguishes between “upward” accountability to donors and “downward” accountability to clients or beneficiaries, and it often finds that pressures of upward accountability can be stronger. We examine the practices of a subset of NGOs that could be an ideal case for strong downward accountability: small transnational NGOs, which rely on individual donors, tend to make long‐term commitments to a handful of sites, and prize relationships with beneficiaries. We analyze a survey of small U.S.‐based NGOs and find that informal, relational forms of downward accountability dominate among this group. Our analysis finds that the reported frequent visits by U.S. leadership and partnership structure with the host community are associated with more robust downward accountability. Contrary to our predictions, higher shares of funding from foundations and government are not associated with weaker downward accountability. Most importantly for theory, we learn that a lack of required formal upward accountability—in written reports and quantification—is not sufficient to produce stronger downward accountability. Small NGOs are largely untouched by the era of evaluation and quantification in the management of nonprofits. We cannot say whether the absence of these pressures is necessary to promote downward accountability, but we conclude that it is not sufficient.
Glycerol Adsorption on TiO2 Surfaces: A Systematic Periodic DFT Study
Authors: Muñoz Peña Andrés Camilo , Flórez Elizabeth , Núñez‐Zarur Francisco 
Published: January 2025

AbstractConversion of glycerol to added‐value products is desirable due to its surplus during biodiesel synthesis. TiO2 has been the most explored catalyst. We performed a systematic study of glycerol adsorption on anatase (101), anatase (001), and rutile (110) TiO2 at the Density Functional Theory level. We found several adsorption modes on these surfaces, with anatase (101) being the less reactive one, leading to adsorption energies between −0.8 and −0.4 eV, with all adsorptions molecular in nature. On the contrary, anatase (001) is the most reactive surface, leading to both molecular and dissociative adsorption modes, with energies ranging from −4 to −1 eV and undergoing severe surface reconstructions in some cases. Rutile (110) also shows both molecular and dissociative adsorptions, but it is less reactive than anatase (001). Surfaces with oxygen vacancies affects the adsorbed states and energies. The electronic structure analysis reveals that glycerol adsorption mainly affects the band gap of the material and not the individual contributions to the valence and conduction band. Bader charge analysis shows that strong adsorption modes on anatase (001) and rutile (110) are associated with large charge transfer from glycerol to the surface, while weak and molecular adsorption modes involve low charge transfer.
Optimizing DSSCs Performance for Indoor Lighting: Matching Organic Dyes Absorption and Indoor Lamps Emission Profiles to Maximize Efficiency
Authors: Salerno Giorgia , Franchi Daniele , Dessì Alessio , Bartolini Matteo , Manfredi Norberto , Abbotto Alessandro , Bettucci Ottavia 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe rapid proliferation of internet‐connected devices has transformed our daily habits prompting a shift towards greater sustainability in renewable energy for indoor applications. Among the various technologies available for obtaining energy in indoor conditions, Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) stand out as the most promising due to their ability to efficiently convert ambient light into usable electricity. This study explores how the optimal matching of the UV‐Vis absorption spectra of dyes commonly used in DSSCs with the emission profiles of indoor lamps allows for the enhanced efficiency of DSSC under indoor lighting. By testing four organic dyes with different UV‐Vis absorption spectra (L1, Y123, S1, and TP1) under two different common indoor light sources (OSRAM 930 and OSRAM 765 lamp), a significant dye‐lamp correlation was demonstrated. Notably, low‐priced dyes like S1 and TP1, characterized by easier synthetic routes and with an optimal overlap with the dye‐lamp spectrum, exhibited competitive efficiencies, narrowing the performance gap with high‐performing dyes like Y123, which require more demanding preparation approaches. The study highlights the critical importance of tailoring dye selection to specific indoor lighting environments, addressing a significant gap and paving the way for more sustainable and cost‐effective energy solutions for indoor applications.
Homoharringtonine in Relapsed/Refractory Paediatric T‐Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia—A Case Series and a Report on the Use of In Vitro Drug Profiling
Authors: Tong Pui Yung Grace , Lin Guanglan , Leung Kam Tong , Zhu Xiaofan , Liu Xiaoming , Zhang Jingliao , Li Chi Kong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPaediatric relapse/refractory T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T‐ALL) is notoriously difficult to treat. This group of heavily pre‐treated patients needs effective agents that can rapidly control the disease while not having significant toxicity. Homoharringtonine (HHT) has been widely used in children with acute myeloid leukaemia, but there is little information on T‐ALL. In this case series, HHT, in combination with other agents, achieved good response in five paediatric patients with T‐ALL. The in vitro drug profiling in one patient demonstrated clinical correlation with HHT activity. The study sheds light on the potential of precision medicine for patients with relapsed/refractory leukaemia.
Adherence to outpatient care among individuals with pre‐existing psychiatric disorders following the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake: A retrospective study
Authors: Nitta Yusuke , Hashimoto Reiko , Shimizu Yoshihito , Nakai Yuri , Nakai Hisao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimThe study aim was to investigate the effect of the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake on regular psychiatric outpatient check‐ups at Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Japan.MethodsWe retrospectively collected electronic medical records from January 4 to January 17, 2024, and analyzed data from 656 patients. χ2 was used to analyze the association between adherence to scheduled visits and related factors, and the association between inability to attend scheduled visits and self‐reported earthquake‐related reasons among 84 nonadherent patients. A geographical information system was used to analyze geographic characteristics, such as municipality of residence and seismic intensity distribution.ResultsOf the 656 patients, 572 (87.2%) adhered to their scheduled visits. The failure to keep appointments was significantly associated with residence in areas with a seismic intensity of ≥6 (n = 21, 35.6%; p < 0.001). Among the 84 patients who failed to keep appointments, the inability to keep appointments owing to earthquake‐related reasons was significantly associated with residence in areas with a seismic intensity of ≥6 (n = 16, 76.2%; p < 0.001) and presence of an F3 main disease code: Mood (affective) according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (n = 12, 60.0%; p = 0.034).ConclusionPatients in areas with higher seismic intensity were more likely to miss appointments, probably because of factors such as infrastructure damage and personal losses. Among patients who missed appointments, those with F3 diagnoses were more likely to cite earthquake‐related reasons. However, the high overall appointment adherence rate despite the effects of a major earthquake warrants further study.
Reassessing the Role of Low PSA in Prognosis Across Grades of Prostate Cancer: A Cohort Study
Authors: Shen Cheng , Chen Zhan , Hu Fei‐Hong , Wang Wei , Pan Yong‐Shen , Zhang Yong , Zhang Wei , Chen Xin‐Feng , Chen Hong‐Lin , Zhu Hua , Zheng Bing 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrior studies have concentrated exclusively on how different prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels affect the prognosis of high‐grade prostate cancer (PCa), often overlooking the prognosis of low‐grade PCa.MethodsThe present cohort study included individuals diagnosed with PCa from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2010 and 2021. The all‐cause mortality (ACM) and prostate cancer‐specific mortality (PCSM) for each treatment group was calculated stratified by the four PSA levels (≤ 4.0, 4.1–10.0, 10.1–20.0, and > 20.0 ng/mL). Fine and Gray competing‐risks analyses were conducted to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Cox proportional hazards regression analyses using PSA as a continuous variable with restricted cubic splines (RCS) were conducted to allow for potential nonlinear relationships.ResultsThis study encompassed 416,825 male patients diagnosed with PCa. Compared to individuals with PSA value between 4.1 and 10.0 ng/mL, a significant association between low levels of PSA (≤ 4.0 ng/mL) and an increased risk of ACM (AHR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.12−1.19; p < 0.001) and PCSM (AHR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.38−1.61; p < 0.001) was observed. Additionally, the increased risk of ACM (AHR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.29−1.40; p < 0.001) and PCSM (AHR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.67−2.02; p < 0.001) are more pronounced within the first 5 years post‐diagnosis. In most subgroups, similar results were observed. The RCS curves further corroborated the correlation between PSA value and the risk of mortality.ConclusionLow PSA levels are notably linked to a heightened risk for both ACM and PCSM, irrespective of the grade of PCa being high or low. There is a need to initiate new studies that tackle novel diagnostics and therapeutics.
Microscale imaging of phosphate mobility under unsaturated flow as affected by a fertilizer enhancing polymer
Authors: Amoozegar Aziz , Hesterberg Dean , Doydora Sarah , Northrup Paul , Webb Samuel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPhosphorus (P) fixation in soil following fertilizer application is a major issue that may be mitigated through a number of methods. Our main objective was to utilize an innovative unsaturated flow system to directly image the mobility of P in soil material as affected by AVAIL, a commercial copolymer phosphate fertilizer enhancer. Air‐dried clayey soil material, passed through a 0.25‐mm sieve and adjusted to pH 6, was packed in three side‐by‐side 1.4‐cm wide, 20‐cm long, and 0.6‐cm deep tracks. Water was applied to the tracks under approximately 1 cm tension and moved downstream by sorptivity. Five microliters of aqueous solutions containing 400 mmol P/L and varying levels of AVAIL were applied at a point near the upstream end of each track. Once water passed approximately 6 cm from the point of P application, each track was sectioned into small blocks and air‐dried. Synchrotron micro X‐ray fluorescence (μ‐XRF) images of P, silicon (Si), and aluminum (Al) were collected on block samples to measure relative movement of phosphorus along the soil tracks. Our results show that, despite the high affinity of soil minerals for P, it was relatively mobile with no enhancer under unsaturated flow conditions. Images showed diminished rate of P movement and enhanced clay dispersion with increasing proportion of AVAIL. We postulate that clay dispersion, corroborated by X‐ray computed tomography imaging, affected P transport due to interactions with Si and Al minerals. Our results demonstrate the potential utility of our unsaturated flow system combined with μ‐XRF imaging to measure convective mobility of plant nutrients or contaminants through soils.
Structural Analysis of Phosphorus and Arsenic Clusters: A Comparative DFT and MP2 Study
Authors: Wang Zerong Daniel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPhosphorus and arsenic play pivotal roles in semiconductor and material science due to their versatile applications. We have employed Gaussian 16 software to optimize 20 initial phosphorus (P4) and arsenic (As4) cluster geometries, as well as 32 As2P2 cluster geometries, utilizing B3LYP and MP2 methods with the 6‐311++G(3d2f,3p2d) basis set. The geometries were rigorously validated through frequency calculations, followed by energy calculations using B3LYP/aug‐cc‐pVQZ and MP2/aug‐cc‐pVQZ. We thoroughly analyzed and justified the observed disparities between DFT and MP2 results. Notably, a compelling linear relationship was observed in the energy gap between the most stable and the second most stable geometries from P4 to As4 in both MP2 and B3LYP calculations, with MP2 results aligning closely with additional CCSD(full) calculations. Additionally, our investigation unveiled two enantiomeric geometries of As4, specifically the semirectangular shape, with slight energy variations reminiscent of parity violation observed in amino acids. These findings significantly enhance our comprehension of pnictogen cluster stability, offering insights into the semiconductor and material science.
Recent Advances in Silver Nanoparticles‐Catalyzed Reactions
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Savanur Mohammad Roshan Shoaib , Singh Sandeep Kumar , Singh Jyoti , Bhattacharya Shampa , Asnani Karan , Kumar Bijender , Kumar Manoj , Kumar Sonu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis review article provides a detailed summary of current advances in the field of heterogeneous catalysis using silver nanoparticles. The applications of Ag nanoparticles have received a lot of attention over the past few years. The simple synthetic protocols and their green chemistry approach have raised the popularity of novel nanocatalysts. Moreover, the efforts of various researchers to make suitable support for catalysts (carbon azides, mesoporous Ag/mCTFs, reduced graphene oxides, NHC polymers, carbon nanofibers, knitting aryl network polymers, etc.) have introduced the flexibility of the nanoparticles. Their applications have been reported in a varied number of reactions, being reduction, epoxidation, cyclization of alkynes, N‐alkylation, CO2 incorporation, photochemical reactions, Diels–Alder cycloaddition, and Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling used in production of several physiologically and therapeutically significant compounds. This review provides the relevant information from the research through the past few years, required for the advancements and further research on the catalytic ability of silver nanoparticles.
Repositioning, audience churn, and identity ambiguity: The external costs of market repositioning
Authors: Wang Pengfei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractResearch SummaryPrior literature has long underscored the importance for market actors to establish clear identities. Extant studies mostly adopt a static view, assessing whether actors adhere to a specific prototype or membership. By stressing a dynamic perspective, we maintain that identities are in flux as actors constantly shift positions. Specifically, we emphasize that repositioning can induce identity ambiguity, undermining the accuracy of audience evaluation. Analyzing market repositioning of US firms, we find that firms with greater repositioning tend to experience a higher degree of churn in their coverage audiences (financial analysts). More importantly, audiences are found to be less accurate in evaluating firms that undertake greater repositioning. These results align with our conjecture about external repositioning costs: Firms risk incurring identity ambiguity when shifting market positions.Managerial SummaryFirms constantly reposition in the market via adjusting their product portfolios. We maintain that firms with greater repositioning are subject to considerable external costs, because repositioning can breed ambiguity about their market identities. By analyzing product market positioning and repositioning of US public firms, we find that firms' repositioning often leads to an increased turnover of analysts covering them and undermines the accuracy of analysts' forecasts on their earnings. Our extensions also indicate that firms' repositioning efforts may be less ambiguous, when their initial position is more conventional in the product space and/or when analysts have developed greater firm‐specific experiences. Together, the findings underscore the importance for firms to consider external costs in their repositioning processes.
Prozessmodellierung für den robotischen Zusammenbau im Stahlbau
Authors: Knitt Heinrich , Ergin Emre , Jung Victoria , Brell‐Çokcan Sigrid 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAngesichts des Fachkräftemangels, zunehmender Dokumentationspflichten und steigenden Kosten‐ sowie Zeitdrucks bietet der Einsatz flexibler Automatisierungslösungen eine vielversprechende Möglichkeit. Große Herausforderungen und Potenziale liegen in der Automatisierung im Stahlbau, insbesondere im Kontext des Zusammenbaus komplexer Baugruppen. Im Fokus steht die Integration der Bauprozess‐Ontologie IoC, welche einen nahtlosen Informationsaustausch über verschiedene Plattformen hinweg ermöglicht. Der Aufsatz stellt das Konzept der statusbasierten Prozesssteuerung vor und demonstriert es exemplarisch am Zusammenbau eines Dachrahmens. Die Forschungsergebnisse betonen die Relevanz offener Datenschnittstellen, die Notwendigkeit der Modellierung von Fähigkeitsmodellen für Roboter und automatisierte Maschinen sowie die Möglichkeit der Nachverfolgbarkeit von Fertigungsprozessen und Bauteilinformationen.