bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of information protection level against unauthorized access
Authors: Onyshchenko Svitlana , Yanko Alina , Hlushko Alina , Sabelnikova Polina 
Published: January 2024

The object of research. The study considers an effective method of assessing the information protection level in a computer network against unauthorized access based on the security graph.
Investigated problem. Existing approaches to assessing the information protection level against unauthorized access have certain shortcomings: the real structure of computer networks is not taken into account, losses from unauthorized access are estimated in a monetary unit, which may not always be appropriate, the variability of modern cyber-attack scenarios and dynamic characteristics are not fully taken into account .
The main scientific results. The results of the study showed that the proposed method of assessing the information protection level against unauthorized access in computer networks based on the security graph allows for a more accurate description of information resources due to their characteristic vulnerabilities. Based on the calculations of the security indicators of individual resources and the security of all information in the computer network, the ranking of risks and, accordingly, information resources according to the degree of criticality for the organization's activities is carried out. Recommendations have been developed to ensure the necessary information protection level against unauthorized access in the computer network.
The area of practical use of research results. The results of the research can be used in practice in corporate computer networks of any organizations, since the proposed method for assessing the information protection level against unauthorized access is easily adapted to the specific needs of the organization, taking into account the specifics of its activities and business.
Innovative technological product. The results of the study created an innovative strategy for assessing the information protection level against unauthorized access, which increases the control of information security and the compliance of computer networks with existing eligibility criteria.
Scope of the innovative technological product. The results of the research and the created innovative strategies relate to the information security of computer networks of any organizations.
Desain Bangunan dan Fasilitas Restoran Ramah Keluarga dan Relevan dengan Budaya Urban Kota Denpasar
Authors: Dewi Ni Made Emmi Nutrisia , Rahayu Ni Nyoman Sri , Pranajaya I Kadek , Jantika Kadek Abe 
Published: January 2024

Title: The Design of Buildings and Restaurant Facilities that are Family Friendly and Relevant to the Urban Culture of Denpasar

The urban community's demand to bring families to visit restaurants is significantly high. The on-site phenomenon indicates that the building designs of several restaurants in Denpasar have not maximally met the needs of the urban community, especially for families. Therefore, research is required to analyze restaurants' facilities and building designs to align with the needs of families and urban culture in Denpasar. The method employed is a qualitative descriptive method. The research results showcase the case study objects of several favorite restaurants in Denpasar, indicating that some already meet the needs of the urban community but need to be adjusted to align with current needs. The findings show that some restaurants are not in line with urban culture due to insufficient attention to the needs of the urban community. Issues related to spatial completeness and arrangement, availability of specific facilities, furniture design, and cleanliness of facilities contribute to this mismatch. The solution is to consider standard design, space, and security to meet needs, provide specific facilities, and implement the concept of green design. The contribution provided is in the form of input to ensure that restaurants are designed to adapt to the evolving needs of the urban community.
Gossypol Acetic Acid Alleviates the Ferroptosis of Chondrocytes in
Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting GPX4 Methylation
Authors: Shang Jing J. , Xiong Chenwei , Jiang Wei , Yu Zhentang , Zhang Junjie , Zhang Yi , Han Long , Miao Kaisong , Yu Changlin , Huang Yong , Zhou Xindie 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease, usually accompanied by degeneration of the articular cartilage, fibrosis, bone hyperplasia around the joint, and damage to the
entire articular surface. Gossypol is a natural phenolic compound isolated from the seed of cotton
plants, and gossypol acetic acid (GAA) is a medicinal form of Gossypol. Recently, various biological activities of GAA, including anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects, have been widely reported. However, its effect on chondrocytes in OA has yet to be determined.

Methods:
In this study, we investigated the effect of GAA on ferroptosis in OA chondrocytes. The
effect of GAA on the cell viability and cytotoxicity of chondrocytes in rat cells was investigated
using CCK8. Western blotting, Reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR), and immunofluorescence
staining were used to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways of GAA inhibition of ferroptosis in OA chondrocytes. The effect of GAA on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidation levels in chondrocytes was examined using dihydroethidium (DHE) staining and fluorescent dye BODIPY581/591 C11. in vivo, micro-CT imaging, hematoxylin
and eosin staining, Safranin O-Fast staining, and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate the effects of GAA on OA cartilage.

Results:
The results showed that GAA treatment regulated the expression of chondrocyte extracellular matrix (ECM) related factors, including ADAMTS5, MMP13, SOX9, Aggrecan, and
COL1A2 and reduced the ROS and lipid peroxidation levels. Besides, Erastin could reverse the effects of GAA on chondrocytes. Similar to GAA, 5-AZA caused the reduction of ROS and lipid
peroxidation levels and reversed the effect of IL-1β on the expression of ECM-related factors in
OA chondrocytes. The above results clarified that GAA alleviated the ferroptosis of chondrocytes
in OA by inhibiting GPX4 methylation.

Conclusion:
Our findings revealed that GAA might be developed as a drug for treating OA clinically.
Development and Validation of the Diagnostic Model of 7 Gene in Endometriosis
Authors: Zhu Ruofei , Liu Yaqiong , Zhou Jie , Lv Zi , Shi Kun , Xiong Jian 
Published: January 2024

Aims:
To explore the diagnostic biomarkers for diagnosing endometriosis.

Background:
Endometriosis is a benign, progressive, estrogen-dependent gynecological disorder
that has highly variant prevalence. Therefore, it is essential to develop reliable diagnostic biomarkers
for endometriosis diagnosis.

Objective:
To explore the diagnostic biomarkers for endometriosis diagnosis.

Methods:
Based on transcriptome data from GSE145701, we identified potential therapeutic targets
through the intersection of endometriosis-related genes from weighted gene correlation network
analysis (WGCNA) and differential expression analysis. Aprotein-protein interaction (PPI)
was constructed. Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)
were employed for functional enrichment analysis. The intersection of hub genes from topological
analysis and module genes from module-based network analysis were selected as core targets,
which were used for diagnostic model construction. Its robustness was validated using GSE7305
and GSE134056. Associations of core targets with immune characteristics and pathways were further
evaluated. Molecular docking was employed to evaluate the docking affinity between core targets
and drugs. Additionally, western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
were also carried out to validate molecular docking results.

Results:
A diagnostic model was constructed using 7 core targets, which had a high diagnostic
ability for endometriosis. CTSK was positively correlated with immune scores, while CDH2 was
negatively correlated with immune scores. CTSK, HGF, and EPCAM were positively correlated
with energy metabolism and inflammation-related pathways, while RUNX2, FN1, NCAM1, and
CDH2 were positively correlated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and unfolded
protein response (UPR). Moreover, FN1 had good docking affinity with Elagolix, Esmya, and
Proellex. NCAM1 might be a promising target modulated by Elagolix. In vitro experiment revealed
that the expression of FN1 in human normal endometrial cell lines (hEEC) gradually decreased
with the increase of Esmya concentration, indicating that FN1 was a target for Esmya.

Conclusion:
These results may facilitate the in-depth understanding of the development of endometriosis,
and guide early diagnostic as well as clinical treatments for patients with endometriosis.
Quercetin Promotes the Repair of Mitochondrial Function in H9c2 Cells
Through the miR-92a-3p/Mfn1 Axis
Authors: Li Fen , Li Dongsheng , Yan Xisheng , Zhu Fen , Tang Shifan , Liu Jianguang , Yan Jie , Chen Haifeng 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
Cardiocerebrovascular disease is a severe threat to human health. Quercetin
has a wide range of pharmacological effects such as antitumor and antioxidant. In this study,
we aimed to determine how quercetin regulates mitochondrial function in H9c2 cells.

Methods:
An H9c2 cell oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model was constructed.
The expression of miR-92a-3p and mitofusin 1 (Mfn1) mRNA in the cells was detected
using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Changes in the
mitochondrial membrane potential of cells were examined by JC-1 staining. ATP production in
the cells was detected using a biochemical assay. Mitochondrial morphological changes were
observed using transmission electron microscopy. Detection of miR-92a-3p binding to Mfn1 was
done using dual luciferase. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of Mfn1 in
the cells.

Results:
miR-92a-3p is essential in regulating cell viability, apoptosis, and tumor cell metastasis.
OGD/R induced miR-92a-3p expression, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial
ATP production, and increased mitochondrial damage. Mitochondria are the most
critical site for ATP production. Continued opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition
pore results in an abnormal mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Both quercetin and inhibition
of miR-29a-3p were able to downregulate miR-29a-3p levels, increase cell viability, mitochondrial
membrane potential, and ATP levels, and improve mitochondrial damage morphology.
Furthermore, we found that downregulation of miR-29a-3p upregulated the protein expression of
Mfn1 in cells. Additionally, miR-92a-3p was found to bind to Mfn1 in a luciferase assay. miR-
29a-3p overexpression significantly inhibited the protein expression level of Mfn1. Quercetin
treatment partially reversed the effects of miR-29a-3p overexpression in H9c2 cells.

Conclusion:
Quercetin promoted the recovery of mitochondrial damage in H9c2 cells through
the miR-92a-3p/Mfn1 axis.
IL-1β-Stimulated Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Mitigate Sepsis through Modulation of HMGB1/AKT Pathway and M2 Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Li Yang , Sun Zifa , Li Yuanyuan , Sun Jing , Chen Biquan 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Sepsis is a life-threatening disease caused by infection, and
developing novel strategies against sepsis is still required. Exosomes derived from
mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promising therapeutic potential for
various diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the action and mechanism of
exosomes derived from IL-1β-pre-conditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal
stromal cells (BMSCs) in sepsis.

Methods:
Exosomes were isolated from BMSCs that were pretreated with (IL-1β-
BMSC/exos) or without IL-1β (BMSC/exos). In vitro, a cell model of sepsis was
induced by treating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with
lipopolysaccharide (LPS), while in vivo, a sepsis model was established through cecal
ligation and puncture (CLP) operation. Immunofluorescence staining was used to
detect the uptake of exosomes by HUVECs. The effects of exosomes on the cellular
function of HUVECs were determined through EDU proliferation assay, migration
assay, and tube formation assay. Gene and protein expression were analyzed using
qRT-PCR, Western blot, ELISA, immunofluorescence staining, and immunohistochemistry
staining.

Results:
IL-1β-BMSC/exos significantly enhanced the proliferation, migration, and
tube formation of HUVECs. Treatment with LPS induced the expression of high
mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and the phosphorylation of AKT in HUVECs, but these
effects were counteracted by the treatment of IL-1β-BMSC/exos. The protective effect
of IL-1β-BMSC/exos on the viability and tube formation ability of HUVECs was
reversed by overexpression of HMGB1. Moreover, IL-1β-BMSC/exos promoted the
polarization of M2 macrophages and reduced the secretion of inflammatory
chemokines. Additionally, IL-1β-BMSC/exos alleviated cecal ligation and puncture
(CLP)-induced sepsis in vivo.

Conclusion:
IL-1β-BMSC/exos alleviates sepsis by modulating the HMGB1/AKT
pathway and triggering M2 macrophage polarization.
Recent Progress in Free Radical Transformations of Allenamides
Authors: Liu Yongchun , Wang Zimin , Li Rui , Yao Yinhai , Shi Zhichuan , Sun Qin , Deng Guowei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Allenamides are special allenes, and the unique reactivity, selectivity (both stereoselective
and regionally selective) and stability of allenamides have been widely studied. In this
review, the development of the free radical transformation of allenamides over the last few years
will be summarized. This review discusses in detail in three parts: intermolecular radical addition
to C- X (X = N, S, O, Se) bonds, metal salt mediated cyclization of allenamides, and photocatalytic
cyclization of allenamides. In addition, reasonable details of the mechanisms are provided
for the vast majority of these transformations.
Clinical, Radiological, and Microbiologic Characteristics of Patients with Noncystic
Fibrosis Bronchiectasis in a Tertiary Center at Jordan
Authors: Albtoosh Asma S. , Altarawneh Tala , Toubasi Ahmad A. , Malek Mariam , Albulbol Dalia Mohammad , Alnugaimshi Sulaiman F. , Altarawneh Amro , Alsurkhi Raghad H. , Al Oweidat Khaled , Farah Randa I. , Obeidat Nathir , Salem Albtoush Eman Salameh 
Published: January 2024

Background::
Only a small number of the investigations that were carried out in the Middle East attempted to characterize patients with NCFB. In order to
characterize patients with NCFB, as well as their etiologies, microbiological profiles, and outcomes, we therefore carried out this investigation.

Methods::
This retrospective cohort study was carried out at the Jordan University Hospital (JUH), a tertiary facility located in Amman, Jordan. Non-cystic
Fibrosis Bronchiectasis (NCFB) was defined as an HRCT scan typical for bronchiectasis along with a negative sweat chloride test to rule out cystic
fibrosis. Patients’ data were collected by the use of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) at our institution. Frequent exacerbation was defined as
more than 2 exacerbations in 1 year of the onset of the diagnosis.

Results::
A total of 79 patients were included, and 54.4% of them were female. The mean and standard deviation of the patient's age was 48.61 ± 19.62. The
etiologies of bronchiectasis were evident in 79.7% of the sample. Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD), and Kartagener
syndrome were the most prevalent etiologies, accounting for related illnesses in 21.8%, 21.5%, and 13.9% of the patients, respectively. The most
frequent bacteria cultured in our cohort were Pseudomonas and Candida Species. Moreover, 43 patients of the study cohort were frequent
exacerbators, and 5 patients died.

Conclusion::
Our study supports the need to identify several bronchiectasis phenotypes linked to various causes. These findings provide information to clinicians
for the early detection and treatment of bronchiectasis in Jordan.
Differential Diagnostic Value of Two-dimensional Ultrasound Combined with
Three-dimensional Ultrasound Imaging Technology for Cesarean Scar
Pregnancy
Authors: Feng Chunyan , You Leiying , Zhu Xiaojuan 
Published: January 2024

Background::
Cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) refers to the phenomenon in which a fertilized egg implants and develops in the scar of the uterus in a woman with
a history of cesarean section.

Objective::
The study aimed to explore the differential diagnostic value of two-dimensional ultrasound (2D US) combined with three-dimensional ultrasound
(3D US) for CSP.

Methods::
Clinical data of 89 patients with CSP admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Of them, 65
patients met the inclusion criteria. Patients underwent 2D US, 3D US, and combined 2D and 3D US imaging. Using the clinical pathological
diagnosis as the “gold standard”, the differential diagnostic value of 2D US, 3D US, and 2D US combined with 3D US for CSP was compared.

Results::
The detection rate of CSP using a combined 2D US and 3D US was 98.46%, which was higher than 84.62% and 89.23% achieved with 2D US and
3D US alone, respectively (P<0.05). The pathological results showed that among 65 patients, CSP type I accounted for 24.62%, type II accounted
for 55.38%, and type III accounted for 20.00%. The coincidence rate of 2D US combined with 3D US was 98.46%, which was higher than that of
2D US (83.08%) and 3D US 89.23%) alone (P<0.05). The accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of 2D US combined with 3D US in diagnosing
CSP were higher compared to the two methods alone (P<0.05).

Conclusion::
The combination of 2D US and 3D US can accurately detect and classify CSP, further improving diagnostic efficiency.
Differential Diagnosis of Generalized Cystic Lymphangiomatosis: A Literature
Review
Authors: Keven Ayşe , Gürbüz Ahmet Faruk 
Published: January 2024

Background::
Generalized cystic lymphangiomatosis (GCL) is a rare disease characterized by the widespread proliferation of lymphatic vessels, often seen in the
pediatric patient group. Imaging techniques are instrumental in revealing the extent and morphological features of the disease.

Objective::
The objective of this study is to interpret the radiological findings of GCL and address the differential diagnosis between GCL and other lymphatic
malformations in light of the relevant literature data.

Methods::
The sample of this retrospective study consisted of six pediatric patients, four males and two females, diagnosed with GCL based on clinical,
radiological, and histopathological findings between 2015 and 2022. The age of the patients at the time of diagnosis and their symptoms at
admission were obtained from the hospital database. Radiological imaging findings were evaluated in detail based on the involved systems (thorax,
abdomen, and musculoskeletal).

Results::
The median age of the sample, 4/6 were male, was 9 years at admission (min. 3, max. 12). The most common symptom at admission was dyspnea,
often accompanied by pleural effusion. Bone involvement was the most common extrathoracic finding. Abdominal involvement was primarily
asymptomatic, and the spleen was the most frequently involved organ in the abdomen.

Conclusion::
The diagnosis of GCL is challenging because of its rarity and overlapping diseases. Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging is a valuable tool as
it reveals the typical radiological features of GCL and how far it has spread throughout the body.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Target Gastric Cancer and Deliver Epirubicin via Tunneling Nanotubes for Enhanced Chemotherapy
Authors: Zhou Yali , Li Yumin , Wang Haibin , Sun Haolin , Su Jing , Fan Yaqiong , Xing Wei , Fu Jie 
Published: January 2024

Background:
A reduced effective local concentration significantly contributes to the
unsatisfactory therapeutic results of epirubicin in gastric cancer. Mesenchymal stem cells exhibit
targeted chemotaxis towards solid tumors and form tunneling nanotubes with tumor cells, facilitating
the delivery of various substances. This study demonstrates the novelty of mesenchymal stem
cells in releasing epirubicin into gastric cancer cells through tunneling nanotubes.

Objective:
Epirubicin delivery to gastric cancer cells using mesenchymal stem cells

Methods:
In vitro transwell migration assays, live cell tracking, and in vivo targeting assays were
used to demonstrate the chemotaxis of mesenchymal stem cells towards gastric cancer. We verified
the targeted chemotaxis of mesenchymal stem cells towards gastric cancer cells and the epirubicin
loading ability using a high-content imaging system (Equipment type:Operetta CLS). Additionally,
tunneling nanotube formation and the targeted release of epirubicin-loaded mesenchymal
stem cells co-cultured with gastric cancer cells through mesenchymal stem cell-tunneling nanotubes
into gastric cancer cells was observed using Operetta CLS.

Results:
Mesenchymal stem cells demonstrated targeted chemotaxis towards gastric cancer, with
effective epirubicin loading and tolerance. Co-culturing induced tunneling nanotube formation between
these cells. Epirubicin-loaded mesenchymal stem cells were released into gastric cancer
cells through tunneling nanotubes, significantly increasing their non-viability compared to the negative
control group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:
We identified a novel approach for precisely targeting epirubicin release in gastric
cancer cells. Therefore, mesenchymal stem cell-tunneling nanotubes could serve as a potential
tool for targeted delivery of drugs, enhancing their chemotherapeutic effects in cancer cells.
Identification of Novel EGFR Inhibitors for the Targeted Therapy of Colorectal
Cancer Using Pharmacophore Modelling, Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation
and Biological Activity Prediction
Authors: Krishnan K. Amrutha , George Valavi Sudha , Joy Amitha 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered the second deadliest cancer in the world. One
of the reasons for the occurrence of this cancer is the deregulation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
(EGFR), which plays a critical role in regulating cell division, persistence, differentiation, and migration. The
overexpression of the EGFR protein leads to its dysregulation and causes CRC.

Objective:
Hence, this work aims to identify and validate novel EGFR inhibitors for the treatment of colorectal
cancer employing various computer aided techniques such as pharmacophore modeling, docking, molecular
dynamic simulation and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) analysis.

Methods:
In this work, a shared-featured ligand-based pharmacophore model was generated using the known
inhibitors of EGFR. The best model was validated and screened against ZincPharmer and Maybridge databases,
and 143 hits were obtained. Pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties of these hits were studied, and the
acceptable ligands were docked against EGFR. The best five protein-ligand complexes with binding energy less
than -5 kcal/mol were selected. The molecular dynamic simulation studies of these complexes were conducted
for 100 nanoseconds (ns), and the results were analyzed. The biological activity of this ligand was calculated
using QSAR analysis.

Results:
The best complex with Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) 3.429 Å and Radius of Gyration (RoG)
20.181 Å was selected. The Root Mean Square Fluctuations (RMSF) results were also found to be satisfactory.
The biological activity of this ligand was found to be 1.38 μM.

Conclusion:
This work hereby proposes the ligand 2-((1,6-dimethyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridin-3-yl)oxy)-N-
(1H-indol-4-yl)acetamide as a potential EGFR inhibitor for the treatment of colorectal cancer. The wet lab
analysis must be conducted, however, to confirm this hypothesis.