bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addition of Bacillus subtilis BN Strain Probiotic on Chicken Eggs Quality
Authors: Muhammad Agil Gumilang  , Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari  , Mochamad Lazuardi  , Mohammad Anam Al Arif  , Sunaryo Hadi Warsito  , Sri Chusniati  
Published: January 2024

The addition of probiotics is one effort to increase the chicken's appetite. There are many probiotics that can be mixed into feed to help improve the digestive and reproductive systems, including Bacillus subtilis, which has the function of increasing egg quality, including increasing shell thickness, increasing egg volume, increasing egg yolk and white index. This reseacrh aims to find out the effect of probiotic administration of Bacillus subtilis BN Strain on shell thickness, white index and chicken yolk index. This research used 38-week-old layer laying hens as many as 24 heads, randomized into four treatments with eight replays. Based on the analysis of statistical data, the Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) test showed no noticeable difference (p>0.05) to the thickness of the shell, white index or egg yolk index. The results showed that the addition of probiotic Bacillus subtilis BN Strain as many as 0.005 grams/kg of feed, 0.01 grams/kg of feed and 0.02 kg/kg of feed had no noticeable effect on the increase in egg shell thickness, egg white index and egg yolk index.
Peningkatan Literasi Mekanisme Penempatan PMI Sebagai Upaya Penanggulangan Undocumented Migrants di Lombok Timur
Authors: Wahyudi Irfan , Ida Rachmah , Kinasih Sri Endah , Ramadhiansyah Dimas , Fortuna Edyna 
Published: January 2024

Aktivitas Pekerja Migran Indonesia (PMI) telah menjadi fenomena sosial yang signifikan dalam beberapa dekade terakhir. Meningkatnya angka jumlah PMI di Indonesia tidak dibarengi dengan upaya persiapan yang matang terkait wawasan calon PMI terhadap mekanisme penempatan. Hasilnya, masih ditemukan beberapa PMI yang tidak berdokumen lengkap atau undocumented migrants. Tulisan ini adalah hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat terkait wawasan mekanisme penempatan calon Pekerja Migran Indonesia di Kawasan Lombok Timur, Juni 2023. Pemilihan Lombok Timur sebagai lokasi pengabdian berdasarkan pada angka partisipasi PMI tertinggi kedua di Indonesia. Untuk memperkuat hasil pengabdian, penelitian kualitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan indepth interview dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan warga desa Pandan Wangi, Kecamatan Jerowaru, Kabupaten Lombok Timur dan perwakilan Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat (LSM). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa calon PMI masih tertarik untuk berangkat tanpa dokumen lengkap, salah satunya karena kurangnya pengetahuan dan wawasan. Calon PMI tidak tergerak untuk mencari sumber-sumber informasi terkait prosedur pemberangkatan mereka ke negara penempatan. Selain itu juga banyak dari calon PMI yang hanya sekedar percaya terhadap lembaga atau biro pelayanan dan perjalanan pekerja migran yang mereka ikuti tanpa mencari tahu kredibilitas yang bersangkutan.
Antifungal Activity from Garlic Extract (Allium sativum) Against Candida albicans Growth
Authors: Agustantina Titien Hary , Soekartono R. Helal 
Published: January 2024

Background: The accumulation of food waste and plaque causes Candida albicans development, which causes the product of Candida albicans’ endotoxin to rise and enter into the mucous membrane, producing inflammation known as denture stomatitis. Many natural ingredients have been transformed into medications, including Allium sativum (garlic), which includes antibacterial allicin components. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate inhibitory activity of A. sativum extract toward C. albicans growth. Methods: The sample used in this investigation was A. sativum extract at various concentrations of 5%, 25%, 50%, and 75%. The sample was separated into five groups: 5%, 25%, 50%, and 75% A. sativum extract, with plain A. sativum extract serving as the control group. Each group has three specimens. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey honest significant different (HSD) were used to evaluate the data (p<0.05). Results: There was significant difference of 5%, 25%, 50%, and 75% A. sativum extract towards C. albicans growth. Conclusion: The highest antifungal activity on Candida albicans growth was found in 75% Allium sativum extract.
Neurological Outcomes in Traffic Accidents: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis of Medical and Non-Medical Origin Cases of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Miyashita Yumiko , Toyama Gen , Takahashi Tsukasa , Adachi Tetsuhiro , Omatsu Kentaro , Ozaki Akane , Takei Yutaka 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to comprehensively compare the characteristics of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) with medical and non-medical origins attributed to traffic accidents and explore the potential association between the cases with a medical origin and neurologically favorable outcomes.
Methods: In this retrospective nationwide population-based study, baseline data were collected between January 2018 and December 2020. We analyzed 5,091 OHCA associated with traffic accidents on the road scene. Only those encounters involving treatment or transport by prehospital emergency medical technicians were included. The characteristics of OHCA incidents and their outcomes were analyzed by categorizing patients into "medical origin" and "non-medical origin" groups.
Results: Medical-origin cases exhibited several distinct characteristics, including higher frequencies of occurrence during the daytime (79.3% [706/890] vs. 68.9% [2,895/4,201], p< 0.001), a higher prevalence among male (77.8% [692/890] vs. 68.3% [2,871/4,201], p < 0.001) and younger patients (median [25–75%]: 63 years [42–77] vs. 66 years [50–76], p = 0.003), a higher proportion of shockable initial rhythms(10.5% [93/890] vs. 1.1% [45/4,201], p < 0.001), an increased number of cases requiring advanced airway management (33.8% [301/890] vs. 28.5% [1,199/4,201], p = 0.002) and adrenaline administration by emergency medical teams (26.9% [239/890] vs. 21.7% [910/4,201], p < 0.001), and shorter transport times (55.3% [492/890] vs. 60.9% [2,558/4,201], p = 0.002) compared to non-medical-origin cases. However, medical-origin cases also had lower witness rates (42.8% [381/890] vs. 27.2% [1,142/4,201], p < 0.001) and were less likely to be transported to higher-level hospitals (55.3% [492/890] vs. 60.9% [2,558/4,201], p = 0.002). Propensity score matching analysis identified factors associated with favorable neurological outcomes in medical-origin traffic accidents. The adjusted odds ratios were as follows: 8.46 (3.47–20.61) for cases with shockable initial rhythms, 2.36 (1.01–5.52) for cases involving traffic accidents due to medical origin, and 0.09 (0.01–0.67) for cases where advanced airway management was provided.
Conclusion: In this retrospective study, the occurrence of OHCAs of medical origin involving traffic accidents were associated with favorable neurological outcomes. These cases more frequently demonstrated favorable factors for survival compared to those classified as of non-medical origin. The findings have important implications for public health and EMS professionals, they will guide future research aimed at optimizing prehospital care strategies and improving survival rates for similar cases.
Theoretical and experimental analysis of springback compensation for four-roll roll forming
Authors: Jiang Shangsheng , Jing Yigang , Liu Haoyuan , Sun Qun , Zhao Ying 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The four-roll bending machine is large-scale bending equipment. It has a wide range of applications in various engineering industries.Rebound is an unavoidable phenomenon in the process of profile roll forming, which directly affects the processing accuracy of the profile.In order to improve the forming quality of four-roll bending machine bending profiles after rebound, the forming process flow is first analyzed, and according to the relationship between its four-roll bending and side roll displacement, the establishment of a mathematical model of the side roll displacement in the state of no rebound; Secondly, the Bouhêlier rebound equation is combined with the mathematical equation of side roll displacement to obtain the theoretical forming radius-side roll displacement relationship equation and finite element simulation to verify; Then, through the prototype of the actual roll forming, the measured roll forming data through MATLAB processing, through the Power function fitting to get the actual forming radius - side roll displacement relationship and generate functional equations, and with the theoretical forming radius - side roll displacement of the relationship between the equation combined with the final elasticity of the compensation value of the equation;Finally, the elastic compensation value equation is verified practically by the prototype machine, and the results are good and meet the expected requirements.
Biology of Plassey Borer, Chilo Tumidicostalis (Hampson) (Crambidae: Lepidoptera)
Authors: Vishwajeet VISHWAJEET , Kumar Anil 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Biological studies of Chilo tumidicostalisHampson (Crambidae; Lepidoptera) revealed that the female lays eggs in 3-4 batches which averaged 410.64±45.21 eggs per female. The incubation period of the eggs was 7.05±0.60 days with hatching percentage as 97.56±0.90 %. There was a total of 5 larval instars and the duration of first, second, third, fourth and fifth larval instars were 3.20±0.52, 3.7±0.47, 4.75±0.79, 6.05±0.69 and 6.35±0.67 days, respectively. The pupa and adult showed sexual dimorphism and variation in duration of pupal and adult period. The length of the male and female pupa was 26.78±0.10 and 32.85±0.07 mm, respectively. The length of the adult male and female was 11.62±0.15 and 12.74±0.24 mm, respectively. The width of the adult male and female was 24.31±0.63 and 28.73±0.78 mm, respectively. The average pupal period of male and female was 7.25±1.21 and 8.1±1.37 days, respectively. Also, the adult male and female longevity was 3.9±0.64 and 4.8±0.77 days, respectively. The sex ratio was found to be 1:1.24 (male:female).
Study on the regulation of deformation uniformity and microstructure law in the forming of gear shafts by cross wedge rolling
Authors: Chen Lulu , Shu Xue-dao , Chen Xiaogu , Gong Wenwei , Li Zixuan , Xu Haijie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Gear shafts are commonly manufactured by machining of gear teeth and shaft separately. This kind of approach entails quite some problems, such as long processing time, large die and low production efficiency. To tackle these problems, this paper innovatively proposes a new process of cross wedge rolling (CWR) that is specifically tailored to the manufacturing of gear shafts, with which the shaft and teeth are formed at one go. The finite element model of CWR forming of gear shaft is established to simulate and analyze the CWR forming process. A three-factor and three-level response surface test is designed to optimize the processing parameters, where the friction coefficient, rolling temperature and die movement speed are chosen as three factors, and inhomogeneous deformation is set as the response. The optimal parameters are obtained as follows: the rolling temperature is 1240 ℃, the speed of the die movement is 336 mm/s, and the friction coefficient is 0.8. This result is subsequently verified by experiments. Further on, the microstructure evolution of the characteristic points of the CWR forming process of gear shaft are analyzed. It is found that the grains at the gear teeth section are continuously refined and grown from the boundary at the early section of deformation, and the final grains grown are much smaller than the original ones. In addition, the grains appear to grow in a short range of time in the process of deformation, but the overall trend is towards refinement. In the shaft section, the evolutions of the grains in the two stepped shaft segments are almost the same; the grain deformation shows cyclic changes; the degree of grain refinement in the shaft is higher than that in the teeth; and the degree of grain refinement in the shaft center is higher than that in the shaft edge. The results of the study provide a theoretical basis for short-process forming of high-performance gear shafts by cross wedge rolling.
High-resolution Environmental Monitoring Adc’s Empowered by 18nm Finfet Technology
Authors: Malathi D , Malavika S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are essential components in contemporary electronic systems for translating continuous analog signals into digital formats. Emphasizing low power consumption and high conversion efficiency, the project addresses the escalating demand for high-resolution electronic devices. The primary objective is to achieve optimal resolution, crucial for environmental monitoring which demands precision. ADC architecture Ramp ADC is the focal point of the design, implemented within an 18nm FinFET technology framework. The Ramp ADC, with its comparator array and ramp generator, offers simplicity and potential for high-speed applications. The primary objective of this project is to employ a range of design techniques and modifications aimed at reducing power consumption in ADC architecture, all while minimizing the impact on crucial performance metrics, including resolution, speed, and complexity. The comparative analysis focuses on the average power of the ADC, each possessing a resolution of 13 bits. Specifically, modifications applied to the Ramp ADC yield an impressive 47% reduction in average dynamic power, coupled with a notable 28% reduction in static power compared with the existing.
Porcine deltacoronavirus nonstructural protein 2 inhibits type I and III IFN production by targeting STING for degradation
Authors: Liu Xiqian , Sun Jianhe , Yan Yaxian , Ji Likai , Cheng Yuqiang , Kong Linghe , Xie Songhua , Yang Juan , chen Jiaqi , Wang Zhaofei , Ma Jingjiao , wang Hengan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an enteropathogenic coronavirus that has reported to employ various strategies to counter host antiviral innate immune responses. The cGAS-STING signaling pathway plays an important role in antiviral innate immunity. However, it remains unclear whether PDCoV achieves immune evasion by regulating the cGAS-STING pathway. Here, we demonstrate that the nonstructural protein 2 (nsp2) derived from PDCoV inhibits cGAS-STING-mediated type I and III interferon (IFN) responses via regulation of porcine STING (pSTING) stability. Mechanistically, PDCoV nsp2 was found to interact with N-terminal region pSTING. Consequently, pSTING undergoes degradation through K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasomal pathway, leading to the disruption of cGAS-STING signaling. Furthermore, K150 and K236 of pSTING were identified as crucial residues for nsp2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation. In summary, our findings will provide a basis for elucidating the immune evasion mechanism of PDCOV and will contribute to the development of targets for anti-coronavirus drugs.
Chromatography Affinity Resin with Photosynthetically-Sourced Protein A Ligand.
Authors: Kolotilin Igor , Owens Nisha , Anborgh Pieter 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Green, photosynthesizing plants can be proficiently used as cost-effective, single-use, fully biodegradable bioreactors for environmentally-friendly production of a variety of valuable recombinant proteins. Being near-infinitely scalable and most energy-efficient in generating biomass, plants represent profoundly valid alternatives to conventionally used stationary fermenters. To validate this, we produced a plastome-engineered tobacco bioreactor line expressing a recombinant variant of the protein A from Staphylococcus aureus, an affinity ligand widely useful in antibody purification processes, reaching accumulation levels up to ~ 250 mg per 1 kg of fresh leaf biomass. Chromatography resin manufactured from photosynthetically-sourced recombinant protein A ligand conjugated to agarose beads demonstrated the innate pH-driven ability to bind and elute IgG-type antibodies and allowed one-step efficient purification of functional monoclonal antibodies from the supernatants of the producing hybridomas. The results of this study emphasize the versatility of plant-based recombinant protein production and illustrate its vast potential in reducing the cost of diverse biotechnological applications, particularly the downstream processing and purification of monoclonal antibodies.
Subthalamic nucleus single-unit activity in humans with Parkinson's Disease encodes both the rate of change and the magnitude of force during a sustained grip-force task
Authors: Walker Harrison , Olson Joseph , Wahid Shaikh , Irwin Zachary , Kuhman Daniel , Gonzalez Christopher , Boolos Maria , Black Sarah , Gutherie Barton , Wichmann Thomas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a primary target for Parkinson's disease (PD) neuromodulation therapies, yet its role in sensorimotor neural circuits remains unclear. We investigated the neuronal activity in the dorsolateral STN during a visually cued isometric grip-force task in the contralateral hand in humans with PD who were undergoing deep brain stimulation surgery. We found significant force-related changes in STN unit activity, especially immediately after force onset and offset, but minimal changes during movement preparation. The most substantive changes in single-unit activity occurred with changes in grip force (15 of 21 units, 71%) rather than during sustained grip (12 of 21, 57%). During sustained force, the neuronal spike frequency positively correlated with force magnitude in seven units (33%), and the spike frequency during the applied force differed from baseline in nine (43%) units, all clustered in the dorsolateral STN. During a phase of the task when force changes, six units increased their spiking, while four units decreased their activity. Units with increases in activity discharged at a median of 56.5 (IQR: 25 to 156) ms after mechanical squeeze onset, whereas units with decreases preceded squeeze onset by 69.5 (23 to 79) ms. When force was released, five units increased their activity, while eight units decreased their activity, at latencies of 153.0 (84 to 260) ms and 58.0 (38 to 76) ms after release onset, respectively. Our findings suggest that neurons in the dorsolateral STN encode dynamic changes in force to a greater extent than sustained force magnitude and may play greater roles in sensory feedback and movement refinement rather than movement preparation.
Training microrobots to swim by a large language model
Authors: Xu Zhuoqun , Zhu Lailai 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Machine learning and artificial intelligence have recently represented a popular paradigm for designing and optimizing robotic systems across various scales. Recent studies have showcased the innovative application of large language models (LLMs) in industrial control [1] and in directing legged walking robots [2]. In this study, we utilize an LLM, GPT-4, to train two prototypical microrobots for swimming in viscous fluids. Adopting a few-shot learning approach, we develop a minimal, unified prompt composed of only five sentences. The same concise prompt successfully guides two distinct articulated microrobots—the three-link swimmer and the three-sphere swimmer—in mastering their signature strokes. These strokes, initially conceptualized by physicists, are now effectively interpreted and applied by the LLM, enabling the microrobots to circumvent the physical constraints inherent to micro-locomotion. Remarkably, our LLM-based decision-making strategy substantially surpasses a traditional reinforcement learning method in terms of training speed. We discuss the nuanced aspects of prompt design, particularly emphasizing the reduction of monetary expenses of using GPT-4.
Spatial distribution and determinants of optimal intermittent preventive treatment for malaria during pregnancy: A secondary data analysis of the 2019 Ghana Malaria Indicators Survey
Authors: Ndayishimiye Jean Claude , Tabong Philip Teg-Nefaah 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Malaria duringpregnancy is associated with poor maternal, foetal, and neonataloutcomes. To prevent malaria infection during pregnancy, the World Health Organization recommended the use of intermittent preventive therapy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethaminein addition to vector control strategies. Despite that recommendation, the uptake of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) has remained low in Ghana;between 2017 and 2019, only 61% of pregnant women received optimal SP (three or more doses) during their most recent pregnancy. This study sought to map the geospatial distribution and identify factors influencing optimal SP uptake during pregnancy in Ghana.
Methods: Secondary data analysis was conducted using the Ghana Malaria Indicators Survey 2019 (GMIS-2019). The data analysed wererestricted to women aged 15-49 years who reported having a live birth within the two years preceding the survey. A logistic regression model was usedto determine the factors influencing optimal SP uptake. Geospatial analysis was employed to map the spatial distribution of optimal SP uptake across the ten regions of Ghana using R software.
Results: The likelihood that pregnant women received optimal SP (three or more doses) correlated with early initiation of first antenatal care (ANC), the number of ANC visits, and family size. Overall, the greater the number of ANC visits, the more likely for the pregnant woman to receiveoptimal SP. Women with four or more ANC visitswere 4.5 times (aOR: 4.51; 95% CI: [2.49 - 8.16]) more likely to receive the optimal SP thanpregnant women with fewerthan four ANC visits. For the spatial distribution, ahigh uptake of optimal SPwas observed in the Upper East and Upper West regions,whereas the lowest was observed in the Eastern region of Ghana.
Conclusions: In Ghana, the uptake of SPduring pregnancy is influenced mainly by the number of ANC contacts. To achieve the country’s targets for malaria control duringpregnancy, there is a need to strengthen intermittent preventive treatment for malaria duringpregnancy by prioritizing comprehensive ANC services.
Experiences of Formal Caregivers of Elderly Inpatients with Physical Disabilities in China: A Qualitative Study
Authors: SUN Li-li , ZHENG Li , CHEN Liu-liu , WANG Zhao-di , LI Qian , LIU Li 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aim
To explore the views and experiences of paid carers caring for older inpatients with physical disabilities.
Methods
It was a qualitative phenomenological study. Using purposive sampling, twelve formal caregivers were chosen in a tertiary comprehensive hospital in Hangzhou, China. Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted, guided by open-ended questions that focused on gaining rich insights into participants' views and experiences. Coding reliability thematic analysis was used to guide data analysis and categorize, based on Lazarus and Folkman's theory of transactional coping.
Results
Four themes emerged from the data analysis: (1) Caregiving Threats. (2) motivations. (3) Responsibility Management. (4) Fear.
Conclusion
The job of paid carers can be demanding, identifying their sources of motivation and coping strategies can assist in providing prompt support, ultimately enhancing their resilience to stress and maintaining the stability of care services for elderly individuals with disabilities.