bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructural study of Helicobacter pylori‐associated gastritis
Authors: Kazi J. L. , Sinniah R. , Zaman V. , Ng M. L. , Jafarey N. A. , Alam S. M. , Zuberi S. J. , Kazi A. M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractEndoscopic biopsies of antral mucosa from 26 patients with Helicobacter pylori‐associated gastritis were studied by electron microscopy (EM). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed clustering of H. pylori in the intercellular areas, being entrapped by the microvilli which were decreased at the sites where the bacilli were seen. The observations of SEM were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which showed adherence of the bacilli to the cell surface, producing cup‐shaped depressions in the epithelial cells, and occasionally intracellular infiltration by H. pylori. There were also depletion of mucus granules, degenerative changes, and disruption of intercellular junction complexes of the epithelial cells. Post‐treatment biopsies showed complete disappearance of the bacilli, and ultrastructural changes associated with H. pylori infection were resolved.
Induction of antigen expression of follicular dendritic cells in a monoblastic cell line. A contribution to its cellular origin
Authors: Fliedner A. , Parwaresch M. R. , Feller A. C. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractExperiments were carried out to elucidate the cellular origin of the dendritic reticulum cell (DRC). The monoblastic cell line THP‐1, the histiocytic cell line U‐937, and the mononuclear cell fraction from peripheral blood (PMC) were stimulated with supernatants from lectin‐stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes and from stimulated T‐ and B‐cell lines. Differentiation towards DRC was assessed by immunocytochemical demonstration of the DRC‐specific antigen Ki‐M4. Supernatants from isolated peripheral T lymphocytes and from T‐ and B‐cell lines were capable of stimulating THP‐1 to Ki‐M4 antigen expression, whereas U‐937 and the PMC fraction remained negative for this antigen throughout the experiments. These results provide further evidence for a relationship of DRCs with the mononuclear phagocytic cell system and hence for their bone marrow origin. Furthermore, the data suggest that soluble factors of T and/or B cells are involved in mediating the differentiation process of precursor cells to DRC.
Renin gene expression in nephroblastoma
Authors: Lindop G. B. M. , Duncan K. , Millan D. W. M. , Gibson A. A. M. , Patrick W. J. A. , Leckie B. J. , Birnie G. D. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractMost cases of nephroblastoma have high plasma levels of prorenin which is biologically inactive. Plasma prorenin levels fall to normal following nephrectomy. In order to ascertain whether renin synthesis occurs in nephroblastomas we decided to search for renin‐specific mRNA using a cDNA probe and Northern blot analyses on total RNA purified from snap‐frozen human tumour tissue obtained at nephrectomy. We demonstrated renin‐specific mRNA in 5/11 (45 per cent) nephroblastomas. It was 1.6 Kb in length, similar to the mRNA detected in normal kidney tissue and in kidneys with renal artery stenosis. In one of the cases of nephroblastoma, in which we could detect no normal renin mRNA at 1.6 Kb, the cDNA probe hybridized with a higher molecular weight mRNA 3 Kb in length. We conclude that some nephroblastomas synthesize renin.
Evaluation of nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) by automatic image analysis: A contribution to standardization
Authors: Rüschoff Josef , Plate Karl H. , Contractor Hans , Kern Sigrid , Zimmermann Ralf , Thomas Carlos 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThis study summarizes our experiences with the silver staining of nucleolus organizer regions (AgNORs) in a total of 580 tumours from ten different tissues. In contrast to other investigators, we made use of automatic image analysis for the evaluation of AgNORs. This provided good reproducibility as determined by the standard cumulative means technique and intra‐observer (r1) and inter‐observer (r2) agreement in 30 benign (r1 = 0.83‐0.95, r2= 0.76–0.92) and 50 malignant tissue samples (r1=0.72–0.85, r2 = 0.51–0.78). By using a series of staining times on sections from 30 tissue blocks taken from the ten types of tissue investigated, considerable variation in the argyrophilic staining of NORs in different tissues and in different blocks from one tumour was shown. The mean AgNOR area of resting lymphocytes or connective tissue cells within tissue blocks of the same organ system varied up to four‐fold, even though identical staining times had been used. The most suitable silver reaction time which rendered a good diagnostic difference in the AgNOR content of benign and malignant tissue ranged, for example, in the breast cancer specimens, from 23 to 35 min. We therefore conclude that the staining time has to be adjusted to the individual silver‐binding characteristics of each tissue block or even each section. The use of internal staining standards like lymphocytes or connective tissue cells in the same tissue section is mandatory. This, in turn, is most precisely controlled by morphometry.
Ultrastructural immunogold studies of heparan sulphate proteoglycan in normal human glomeruli and glomerulonephritis
Authors: Moss Jill , Woodrow David F. , Shore Ian , Gower Peter , Phillips Malcolm , Spiro Robert G. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe distribution of heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPG) has been investigated in normal human glomeruli, membranous glomerulonephritis, mesangial IgA disease, and anti‐glomerular basement membrane disease. HSPG was localized using anti‐bovine HSPG antibody and 10 nm gold‐labelled secondary antibody on paraformaldehyde‐fixed, Lowicryl K4M resin‐embedded kidneys. HSPG was present in all glomeruli and there was a zonation of its distribution in that it was predominantly on the epithelial aspect of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and mesangium with little in the central regions of the mesangial matrix. In the cases of immune complex glomerulonephritis, no HSPG was found in the electron‐dense deposits. These findings contrast with our previous studies using the same technique in which type IV collagen and fibronectin were found predominantly on the endothelial aspect of the GBM.
Expression of gastrin‐releasing peptide (human bombesin) gene in large cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the lung
Authors: Hamid Q. A. , Corrin B. , Dewar A. , Hoefler H. , Sheppard M. N. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractProduction of the growth factor gastrin‐releasing peptide (GRP) or human bonbesin has been shown to be a feature of neuroendocrine tumours of the lung, particularly small cell carcinoma, and is possibly responsible for the characteristically rapid growth of this tumour. Large cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the lung (LCC) is also characterized by rapid growth and there is increasing evidence that some LCCs exhibit neuroendocrine differentiation. We therefore investigated GRP/bombesin immunoreactivity and the expression of GRP gene in ten LCCs. Histologically, all were composed of large cells with abundant cytoplasm, open nuclei, and prominent nucleoli, and there was no evidence of squamous, glandular, or neuroendocrine differentiation. At the ultrastructural level, most showed squamous or glandular differentiation but none contained neuroendocrine granules. None of the tumours showed immunoreactivity for GRP/bombesin but seven of the ten showed a focal hybridization signal when treated with 32P‐labelled GRP cRNA probes, indicating the presence of GRP mRNA. This was confirmed by northern‐blot analysis. This study shows for the first time that GRP gene is expressed in LCC. The production of GRP may contribute to the aggressive behaviour of LCC.
Ubiquitin carboxyl‐terminal hydrolase (PGP 9.5) is selectively present in ubiquitinated inclusion bodies characteristic of human neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Lowe James , McDermott Helen , Landon Michael , Mayer R. John , Wilkinson Keith D. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe recent discovery that brain PGP 9.5 is a ubiquitin carboxyl‐terminal hydrolase suggests that the role of this protein should be studied in relation to ubiquitinated cellular inclusions characteristic of several chronic human degenerative diseases.Formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐processed sections known to contain ubiquitin‐protein conjugate immunoreactivity in cortical Lewy bodies, neurofibrillary tangles, Rosenthal fibres, Pick bodies, spinal inclusions in motor neurone disease, and Mallory's hyaline in alcoholic liver disease were immunostained to localize PGP 9.5. The majority of cortical Lewy bodies in diffuse Lewy body disease showed immunoreactivity for PGP 9.5. In Alzheimer's disease, only a minority of loosely arranged globose‐type neurofibrillary tangles were immunostained together with a minority of neurites surrounding senile plaques. In cerebeilar astrocytomas, the periphery of the majority of Rosenthal fibres was immunostained in addition to strong diffuse cytoplasmic immunostaining in some astrocytes lacking apparent Rosenthal fibres. In Pick's disease, there was no immunostaining of inclusions but there was intense immunostaining of swollen Pick cells. No spinal inclusions in motor neurone disease were stained; however, anterior horn neurones appear to show increased levels of PGP 9.5 compared with those from control cases. No immunostaining of hepatic Mallory's hyaline was demonstrable, which accords with suggestions that PGP 9.5 is a tissue‐specific ubiquitin C‐terminal hydrolase isoenzyme.The differential detection of a ubiquitin C‐terminal hydrolase in different forms of ubiquitinated inclusion body in the nervous system may form the basis of a method for assessment of the staging of inclusion body biogenesis and give insight into the dynamics of inclusion body formation. In particular, it is possible that the proportion of inclusion‐bearing cells showing high levels of the hydrolase will provide a marker of the level of activity of the degenerative process.
Ultrastructural localization of milk fat globule membrane antigens in human breast carcinomas
Authors: Corcoran David , Walker Rosemary A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe localization of milk fat globule membrane components has been assessed using post‐fixation immunoelectron microscopy with three different antibodies for a group of breast carcinomas of different type and histological differentiation.For well differentiated carcinomas localization was in relation to the cell membrane, with polarization being evident in a proportion of cases. Moderately differentiated carcinomas showed a combined picture of cell membrane, vesicular, and intracytoplasmic luminal localization. The latter is a feature of infiltrating lobular carcinomas. Poorly differentiated carcinomas exhibited vesicular labelling throughout the cytoplasm, with no cell membrane localization. No labelling was seen over endoplasmic reticulum.It is proposed that carcinomas exhibit defects in intracellular transport of milk fat globule membrane components resulting in failure of expression at the cell surface and accumulation of vesicles within the cytoplasm, the extent of change relating to tumour differentiation.
High endothelial venules in B‐cell non‐Hodgkin malignant lymphomas
Authors: Pajor Katalin , Pap Tihamér , Csanaky György , Kalász Veronika 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe number of high endothelial venules (HEVs) per unit area was determined in 55 B‐cell non‐Hodgkin malignant lymphomas (nHMLs) classified according to the Kiel classification. The number of HEVs per unit area was significantly different between low‐ and high‐grade B‐cell nHMLs. In the low‐grade group, a large number of HEVs with preserved structure were present, whereas in high‐grade tumours the HEVs appeared damaged. The present findings support the previous observation attributing prognostic relevance to lymphocyte recirculation in nHMLs.
Early dermato‐pathological signs during bath‐puva therapy
Authors: Piérard‐franchimont Claudine , Nickels‐read Dominique , Mosbah Taha Ben , Estrada Jorge Arrese , Piérard Gérald E. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe combination of trioxsalen bath and long‐wave UV‐A is used in dermatology to treat selected patients with psoriasis. Such treatment induces side effects whose clinical aspects have already been described. We report the histological aspects of these lesions. The most striking features occur in the epidermis, where we found vacuolar alterations, disorganization of the stratum malpighi, necrotic cells, and Bowenoid changes. Langerhans cells are reduced in number, and melanocytes may become large and atypical. In addition, factor XIIIa‐positive dendrocytes of the superficial dermis increase in size, and some of them migrate into the epidermis, which is a rare location for these cells.
Chronic serum sickness glomerulonephritis: Heparin enhances the removal of glomerular antigen
Authors: Furness Peter N. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractChronic serum sickness glomerulonephritis was induced in rats using 125I‐labelled cationic bovine serum albumin as antigen. During the recovery period the animals were given protamine or polyethyleneimine (PEI), both of which are cationic, or heparin, which is anionic. A control group received saline. The cationic molecules were not shown to influence the rate of removal of antigen from the glomeruli, but heparin increased removal. In subsequent experiments this effect of heparin was confirmed, and a similar effect was demonstrated using low molecular weight heparin. These results indicate that large doses of heparin can enhance the removal of antigen from well‐established glomerular deposits. Fibrin is not detectable in the glomeruli in this model, so this effect of heparin may be independent of its anticoagulant properties.
Clinical, biochemical and immunoelectron microscopical evidence of dual hormone production in a mammosomatotroph cell adenoma
Authors: Cameron Stuart , Allen Ingrid , Ozo Chukwuemiko , Kennedy Laurence , Atkinson Brew , Hadden David 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThis paper reports the occurrence of a rare, yet distinct pituitary adenoma which was surgically removed from a 42‐year‐old male with both clinical and biochemical evidence of acromegaly and mild hyperprolactinaemia. The monomorphic adenoma consisted of mature cells which were ultrastructurally indistinguishable from those of a prolactinoma. Electron immunocytochemistry, including a series of double‐labelling techniques using selected colloidal gold particles as markers, indicated the presence of a pituitary adenoma in which the cells were capable of simultaneously producing growth hormone and prolactin and packaging them within the same secretory granule. This is thought to represent a mammosomatotroph cell adenoma.
Analysis of T‐cell receptor and immunoglobulin gene rearrangements in the diagnosis of Hodgkin's and non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: Gledhill Sarah , Krajewski Andrew S. , Dewar A. Edna , Onions David E. , Jarrett Ruth F. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe results of genotypic analysis of 29 cases of malignant lymphoma are reported and the application of this technique for differentiating between Hodgkin's disease (HD) and non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is evaluated. Five cases with a differential diagnosis which included HD and NHL were analysed. These results are compared with those obtained for six B‐cell NHLs, nine T‐cell NHLs, and nine cases of HD. This report suggests that gene rearrangement analysis is useful in some cases in which the differential diagnoses includes HD and NHL as the absence of gene rearrangements is more consistent with a diagnosis of HD than of NHL. Two monoclonal antibodies reactive with the variable region of the T‐cell receptor β‐chain and molecular probes to the relevant variable region genes were used to assist in the diagnosis of T‐cell lymphoma. This report confirms that genotypic analysis is useful diagnostically when the results are assessed in the context of the histopathological findings.
Demonstration of Epstein‐Barr viral DNA in formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded samples of Hodgkin's disease
Authors: Libetta Carole M. , Pringle J. H. , Angel Carole A. , Craft A. W. , Malcolm A. J. , Lauder I. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe presence of Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) DNA in formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded samples of Hodgkin's disease (HD) was investigated by Southern blot hybridization using a specific EBV Bam H1W fragment probe. DNA from 16 samples of HD in children and young adults was compared with that from ten samples in adults older than 45 years. A further eight cases of DNA extracted from fresh samples of HD were also studied, in order to compare the results obtained with fresh and fixed tissue samples.Hybridization was demonstrated in 15 of the 34 cases of HD studied in contrast to 3 or the 34 control specimens of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma, non‐neoplastic lymph nodes, and carcinomas. No differences between the two age groups compared were found.The results of this study suggest that there is a definite association between EBV and HD, although the exact nature of this association remains to be established. It has also been shown that DNA of sufficient quality for the detection of EBV DNA can be extracted from formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded material, and that comparable results can be obtained using DNA extracted from fresh and fixed tissue.
QBEnd/10: A new immunostain for the routine diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma
Authors: Sankey Elizabeth A. , More Linda , Dhillon Amar P. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractKaposi's sarcomas are seen more commonly in routine histopathology laboratories since the advent of the more widespread and aggressive variant of the disease associated with HIV infection. Distinguishing nodular lesions from other spindle cell and vascular tumours can sometimes be difficult. Immunohistochemistry has been disappointing as a diagnostic aid, often requiring special fixation or frozen tissue and even then, staining of spindle cells has been variable. We describe the use of the new IgGl mouse monoclonal antibody raised against human placental endothelial cells, QBEnd/10, on routine formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue. A retrospective study was performed on 22 Kaposi's sarcomas of skin including patch, plaque, and nodular lesions and compared with 38 other vascular and spindle cell tumours from skin. All sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin, QBEnd/10, Ulex europaeus agglutinin 1 (UEA‐1) and for factor VIII‐related antigen (FVIIIRAg). The results demonstrate that spindle cells in lesions from Kaposi's sarcomas, but not other vascular or spindle cell tumours, immunostain clearly with QBEnd/10. Immunostaining for FVIIIRAg shows only weak and irregular positivity of the spindle cells, whilst staining with UEA‐1 is consistently negative. We find that immunostaining with QBEnd/10 aids the diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcomas and allows their distinction from other spindle cell neoplasms of skin in routinely processed material.
Axonal damage in Crohn's disease is frequent, but non‐specific
Authors: Brewer Douglas B. , Thompson Henry , Haynes Ian G. , Alexander‐williams John 
Published: June 2005

AbstractWe have attempted to confirm the claim by Dvorak and Silen that ‘Crohn’s disease is accompanied by a severe and extensive necrosis of gut axons. ‘which’ may serve to differentiate Crohn's disease from other inflammatory conditions'. In this electron microscope study the diagnoses were withheld until the assessment of axonal damage was completed. We assessed the axonal damage in ileostomy biopsies in 13 cases of Crohn's disease, four cases of ulcerative colitis, and two ‘controls’. In Crohn's disease we found a mean per cent of abnormal axons of 29‐85, in ulcerative colitis of 21.25 per cent, and in the two ‘controls’ of 12.11 and 10.63 percent, respectively. The difference between the 13 cases of Crohn's disease and the six cases of non‐Crohn's disease is not significant. We found considerable numbers of abnormal, very small axons of uncertain nature but probably related to regeneration following surgery. Including or excluding such axons did not significantly alter the incidence of abnormal axons. We conclude that axonal damage is common in chronic inflammatory bowel disease and is not specifically related to Crohn's disease.
Role of endotoxaemia in the development of hepatic failure following hepatic artery occlusion
Authors: Shibayama Yuro 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe present study was undertaken to examine whether endotoxaemia relates to the development of hepatic failure following surgical ligation or embolization of the hepatic artery. A small amount of endotoxin was given immediately or 1 week after hepatic artery ligation in rats, and liver function tests and morphological examination of the liver were performed at 24 h after the administration. Hepatic artery ligation alone or endotoxin administration alone did not induce functional and morphological alteration of the liver. However, when endotoxin was given immediately after hepatic artery ligation, there was an increase in serum transaminase activity and focal hepatocellular necrosis developed. On the other hand, when endotoxin was given 1 week after hepatic artery ligation, the hepatic injury was not induced because of the development of hepatic arterial collaterals. These data suggest that endotoxaemia may be a cause of hepatic failure following hepatic artery occlusion, and that the risk may persist until the establishment of hepatic arterial collaterals.
Accelerated immunohistochemical staining by microwaves
Authors: Leong Anthony S.‐Y. , Milios James 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe application of microwave irradiation is extended to include the acceleration of the streptavidin‐biotin peroxidase staining procedure for the detection of a wide range of antigens in paraffin‐embedded sections of both normal and neoplastic tissues. Microwave irradiation is used for all procedural steps requiring incubation so that the entire staining procedure can be completed within 20 min. The technique is simple and convenient, with uniform irradiation times for different tissue antigens. The results obtained equalled that of conventional staining procedures.
Detection of endothelin immunoreactivity and mRNA in pulmonary tumours
Authors: Giaid Adel , Hamid Qutayba A. , Springall David R. , Yanagisawa Masahi , Shinmi Osmu , Sawamura Tatsuya , Masaki Tomoh , Kimura Sadao , Corrin Bryan , Polak Julia M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractParaffin sections of 66 surgically resected lung tumours were immunostained with antisera to human endothelin‐1 and to the C‐terminal peptide of big endothelin. With both antisera, strong immunoreactivity was demonstrated in 11 of 15 squamous cell carcinomas and 11 of 16 adenocarcinomas. Focal immunoreactivity was seen in small cell carcinoma (2/2), large cell carcinoma (2/5), and carcinoid tumours (2s/11). Four lymphomas and three sarcomas did not show endothelin immunoreactivity. Cryostat sections of 22 of the 66 tumours were hybridized with radiolabelled complementary RNA probes prepared from the 3′ non‐coding region of endothelin‐1 cDNA, and the chromosomal genes encoding endothelin‐2 and ‐3. In situ hybridization demonstrated the presence of endothelin mRNAs in 4 of 7 squamous cell carcinomas and in 5 of 8 adenocarcinomas, in a pattern similar to that shown by immunocytochemistry. No hybridization signals were obtained from the other types of tumours. In lung tissue adjacent to the tumours, endothelin‐like immunoreactivity and mRNA were detected in pulmonary endocrine cells and, in some cases, other epithelial cells, and in alveolar capillary endothelial cells. This study demonstrates the expression of endothelin in a number of pulmonary tumours and suggests a possible role for this peptide in the growth and/or differentiation of these tumours.