bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lactobacillus reuteri inhibits Staphylococcus aureus‐induced mastitis by regulating oxytocin releasing and gut microbiota in mice
Authors: He Zhaoqi , Li Wenjia , Yuan Weijie , He Yuhong , Xu Jiawen , Yuan Chongshan , Zhao Caijun , Zhang Naisheng , Fu Yunhe , Hu Xiaoyu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMastitis is the most frequent disease of cows and has well‐recognized detrimental effects on animal wellbeing and dairy farm profitability. With the advent of the postantibiotic era, alternative antibiotic agents, especially probiotics, have received increasing attention in the treatment of mastitis. Based on research showing that Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) has anti‐inflammatory effects, this study explored the protective effects and mechanisms of L. reuteri against mastitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in mice. First, mice with S. aureus‐induced mastitis were orally administered L. reuteri, and the inflammatory response in the mammary gland was observed. The results showed that L. reuteri significantly inhibited S. aureus‐induced mastitis. Moreover, the concentration of oxytocin (OT) and protein expression of oxytocin receptor (OTR) were measured, and inhibition of OTR or vagotomy reversed the protective effect of L. reuteri or its culture supernatant (LCS) on S. aureus‐induced mastitis. In addition, in mouse mammary epithelial cells (MMECs), OT inhibited the inflammation induced by S. aureus by inhibiting the protein expression of OTR. It was suggested that L. reuteri protected against S. aureus‐induced mastitis by releasing OT. Furthermore, microbiological analysis showed that the composition of the microbiota was altered, and the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was significantly increased in gut and mammary gland after treatment with L. reuteri or LCS. In conclusion, our study found the L. reuteri inhibited the mastitis‐induced by S. aureus via promoting the release of OT, and treatment with L. reuteri increased the abundance of Lactobacillus in both gut and mammary gland.
Nursing Students’ Perception of Just Culture and Development of Self-Confidence With Clinical Judgment
Authors: Pugsley Lisa McCarty 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

AIM
The aim of this study was to determine what is currently known about just culture’s impact on nursing students’ development of self-confidence with clinical judgment.

BACKGROUND
Graduates of nursing programs must execute sound nursing judgment to provide safe client care.

METHOD
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guided the scoping review. The review elicited 1,411 sources and included 18 data sources.

RESULTS
Just culture was found to provide elements of trust, fairness, and psychological safety needed by nursing students to be self-confident in learning and executing clinical judgments that promote client safety.

CONCLUSION
Just culture promotes client safety in nursing education. Limited information exists on just culture’s influence on student self-confidence with clinical judgment; more research is therefore required.
Nuchal-type Fibroma Induced by Repetitive Trauma from Weightlifting: Case Report and Comprehensive Review of Literature
Authors: Sachs Jared P. , Dardano Anthony N. 
Published: January 2024

Summary:
A nuchal-type fibroma (NTF) is a rare, benign, subcutaneous nodule that most frequently occurs in the posterior neck along the midline. It is characterized histologically by bundles of thick collagen fibers confined to the dermis and subcutaneous tissue of the posterior neck. Few trauma-related NTF cases have been published. We present a biopsy-proven case of NTF that is likely to have developed as a result of weightlifting activity in the gym, including repetitive trauma to the area of the lesion during the exercise known as the “barbell back squat.” During this exercise, a heavy barbell was repeatedly rested on the patient’s vertebral prominence at the level of C7/T1, the location where the NTF developed. Our 25-year old patient reported that he had been doing this exercise on a weekly basis for about 10 years. We believe that repetitive trauma at this location from specific weightlifting exercises may attribute to the incidence of NTF. A description of key magnetic resonance imaging characteristics and the surgical pathology of this case are provided, along with a review of current literature on trauma-related NTFs.
The Role of Virtual Surgical Planning in Surgery for Complex Craniosynostosis
Authors: Imahiyerobo Thomas A. , Valenti Alyssa B. , Guadix Sergio , LaValley Myles , Asadourian Paul A. , Buontempo Michelle , Souweidane Mark , Hoffman Caitlin 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Virtual surgical planning (VSP) decreases reliance on intraoperative subjective assessment of aesthetic and functional outcomes in craniofacial surgery. Here, we describe our experience of using VSP for complex craniosynostosis surgery to inform preoperative decision making and optimize postoperative outcomes.

Methods:
Chart review was performed for children treated with craniosynostosis at our institution from 2015 to 2021. Eight VSP maneuvers were defined and assigned to each patient when applicable: (1) complex cranioplasty: combined autologous and synthetic; (2) autologous cranioplasty; (3) synthetic cranioplasty; (4) vector analysis and distractor placement; (5) complex osteotomies; (6) multilayered intraoperative plans; (7) volume analysis; and (8) communication with parents. Outcomes between VSP and non-VSP cohorts were compared.

Results:
Of 166 total cases, 32 were considered complex, defined by multisutural craniosynostosis, syndromic craniosynostosis, or revision status. Of these complex cases, 20 underwent VSP and 12 did not. There was no difference in mean operative time between the VSP and non-VSP groups (541 versus 532 min, P = 0.82) or in unexpected return to operating room (10.5% versus 8.3%, P = 0.84). VSP was most often used to communicate the surgical plan with parents (90%) and plan complex osteotomies (85%).

Conclusions:
In this cohort, VSP was most often used to communicate the surgical plan with families and plan complex osteotomies. Our results indicate that VSP may improve intraoperative efficiency and safety for complex craniosynostosis surgery. This tool can be considered a useful adjunct to plan and guide intraoperative decisions in complex cases, reducing variability and guiding parental expectations.
Screening and Decolonization Programs for Staphylococcus aureus Carriers in the Slamming-Practice Community: A New Strategy for Harm Reduction?
Authors: Lobo Antuña Victoria , Lobo Antuña Marta , Fernández Soro Alejandro , Climent Benjamín 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Slamming is a widespread sexual practice that has been occurring in our society for more than a decade now. It has emerged as a public health issue because it associates many harm and risks, mainly derived from unsafe sexual practice and intravenous drug abuse. In the recent years, an additional concern has emerged regarding the rising occurrence of multidrug-resistant bacteria within the community, particularly strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). In this report, we present the case of a human immunodeficiency virus patient addicted to parenteral-synthetic-cathinone use in the context of slamming, which developed necrotizing fasciitis by this resistant strain. As prevention measures, assuming the inevitability of slamming practices, harm reduction programs have been developed. Implemented for years, they aim to reduce the risks of addictive behaviors. This clinical case raises the question of whether methicillin-resistant S. aureus carrier screening and consequent decolonization among people who inject drugs, and more specifically among those engaged in slamming, should be included in the daily practice as another tool of these harm reduction programs.
Do Concerns About Police Reporting Vary by Assault Characteristics? Understanding the Nonreporting Decisions of Sexual Assault Victims Who Utilize Alternative Reporting Options
Authors: Goodman-Williams Rachael , Volz Jessica , Smith Samantha 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Forensic nurses routinely provide services to sexual assault victims who are uncertain about reporting their assault to police. The purpose of this study was to determine whether assault characteristics are related to the concerns about police reporting expressed by sexual assault victims who have forensic evidence collected but do not report their assault to police at that time.

Methods
We analyzed medical records of patients who received services at a hospital-based forensic nursing program between 2010 and 2021. Records were included if a sexual assault evidence kit was collected, the patient declined to report the assault to police, and the patient completed a nonreport sexual assault evidence kit supplement form that included a question asking why they chose not to report the assault (N = 296). We qualitatively analyzed patients' reasons for not reporting the assault and then used two-variable case-ordered matrices and chi-square analyses to explore relationships between reasons for not reporting and assault characteristics.

Results
Identified reasons for not reporting included lacking information about the assault, fear of harm/retaliation, and self-blame/minimization. Physical force, drug/alcohol consumption, and victim–offender relationship were related to patients referencing lacking information and fearing harm/retaliation as reasons for not reporting, but not related to the frequency of patients referencing self-blame/minimization.

Implications
Results indicate that assault characteristics are related to reasons for not reporting at the time of the medical forensic examination. Being aware of these relationships may help forensic nurses provide patient-centered services and anticipatory guidance.
Nurse practitioner faculty attitudes about interprofessional education
Authors: Posey Kimberly , Prol Lori 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Nurse practitioner (NP) faculty attitudes toward interprofessional education (IPE) can be barriers to the shift in culture and successful implementation of IPE into nursing curricula. A paucity of studies exist comparing faculty attitudes of IPE with different educational modalities.

Purpose:
The purpose of this research is to compare NP faculty attitudes toward IPE between IPE experiences and educational modalities in NP academic programs.

Methodology:
A quantitative cross-sectional comparative design was used. An electronic survey was advertised to approximately 3,000 members of the National Organization of NP Faculties by email blasts to assess their attitudes toward IPE in the academic setting.

Results:
Participating NP faculty (n = 208) completed the survey, with a response rate of 6.9%. The results showed that NP faculty reported positive attitudes toward IPE (M = 4.33). Nurse practitioner faculty attitudes toward IPE and participation in IPE experiences were not statistically significant (p = .126). Nurse practitioner faculty attitudes toward IPE did not differ with the educational modality. The main effect of the NP degree program educational modality was not statistically significant, F(2, 172) = 0.74, p = .479.

Conclusions:
Nurse practitioner faculty are optimistic about IPE in multiple educational modalities but still have some reservations about how to implement IPE activities successfully.

Implications:
The NP faculty attitudes and barriers to IPE curricular development in all educational modalities must be addressed to prepare NP students to be competent collaborative practice-ready providers on graduation.
Exploring the potential molecular mechanism of Gualou Guizhi decoction in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Duan Zhihao , Jin Can , Ma Shuai , Liu Jinlang , Li Shigang , Zhou You 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used in China for a long time and is gradually gaining more and more recognition worldwide. Gualou Guizhi Decoction (GGD) has long been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, but its bioactive components and therapeutic mechanisms are still unclear.

Methods:
An integrated approach using network pharmacology and molecular docking and using methotrexate as a positive control drug.

Results:
We obtained 157 active ingredients of GGD, 7542 RA disease targets and 49 intersecting targets. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that their functions were mainly related to cytokine active metal ion binding, enzyme binding and DNA binding, and enriched in TNF signaling pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, RA pathway and other signaling pathways that are closely related to RA. The molecular docking results show that the effector components of GGD bind better to the core targets of RA, and some are even better than methotrexate.

Conclusion:
The therapeutic effect of GGD for RA is achieved by affecting the core targets such as VEGFA, IL-1β, IL6, CXCL8, CCL2, and JUN, which together interfere with the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway and RA pathway to treat RA. The above study provides new ideas for further exploration of this classic formula in the future.
Brucella spondylodiscitis that affected both cervical and lumbar spines: a rare case report from Syria
Authors: Alhusseini Ayham , Hamsho Suaad , Sleiay Mouhammed , Alsmoudi Hasan , Frzat Ayham , Alabdullah Hadi , Tawashi Yamama 
Published: January 2024

Introduction and importance:
Brucellosis, the most common microbial zoonotic disease in the world, is endemic in both industrialized and underdeveloped countries. Between 2 and 53% of patients with brucellosis, patients develop spondylitis, and people between the ages of 50 and 60 are the most commonly affected. It mostly affects the lumbar vertebrae (L4 and L5 in particular) and the thoracic vertebrae.

Case presentation:
A 52-year-old patient was brought to the neurological clinic after complaining of lower back discomfort, reduced mobility, and lower extremity weakness for 6 weeks. Both the cervical and lumbar columns were the sites of the specific discomfort. MRI showed cervical and lumbar discitis.

Clinical discussion:
A high titre of anti-brucella antibodies was found by serology testing. He was treated with oral doxycycline (100 mg, two times daily), rifampicin (900 mg) orally once daily, and gentamicin (400 mg) once daily. The patient had massive improvement after 3 months of treatment.

Conclusions:
This case should serve as a reminder to healthcare providers to keep a high index of suspicion for uncommon infections, including Brucella species, in patients exhibiting discitis symptoms, especially when traditional microbiological gram stain and culture are negative.
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in a geriatric patient affected by SARS-CoV-2: complexity of a diagnosis, complexity of a virus
Authors: Corich Maria Ada , Niero Michele , Corich Lucia , Ferretti Elisabetta , De Colle Paolo , Bernardi Stella , Ceschia Giuliano , Sanson Gianfranco , Zanetti Michela 
Published: January 2024

Background. Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) has an important impact on the kidney through direct and indirect damage mechanisms. Most previous studies have highlighted lesions caused by this virus in the early segments of the nephron. However, due to the antigenic characteristics of the virus with almost ubiquitous receptors, and the molecular release it triggers, the distal segments of the nephron could also be affected.
Methods. A 71 years old man with a respiratory failure in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia presented the typical symptoms of diabetes insipidus after about 20 days of hospitalization. The water deprivation test led to the diagnosis of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
The etiological study was complex particularly because due to the patient’s previous lithium therapy.
Results. The sequence of pathognomonic events typical of diabetes insipidus associated with anamnestic, clinical and laboratory evidences supported strongly the diagnosis of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus due to SARS-CoV-2, rather than to other etiologies.
Conclusions. The collecting duct could represent a target for SARS-CoV-2 infection, directly or indirectly as a result of lesions of upstream portions of the nephron which would cascade into the distal segment. Other molecules, besides angiotensin 2 converting enzyme, might be involved in facilitating the viral aggression. The complexity of the geriatric patient shows the importance of a comprehensive approach which integrates a careful monitoring of clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory and instrumental tests. This is especially important in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection and in the management of its unexpected complications.
“That’s part of the culture:” A peer-to-peer study of reporting student mistreatment
Authors: Chen Alissa S. , Yau Bernice , Montgomery Kelsey B. , Dubuque Nicole , McDowelle Dana , Berg David , Holt Stephen R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionForty percent of graduating medical students report experiencing student mistreatment; however, most cases go unreported.MethodsPeer-to-peer, semi-structured interviews with current medical students were conducted to understand medical students’ experiences with mistreatment and reporting. These interviews were inductively coded, and themes were identified to elucidate reasons students do and do not report mistreatment.ResultsTwenty-one students were interviewed who described a total of 34 mistreatment incidents. Four main groups of factors that students consider when deciding to report mistreatment were identified: personal, situational, structural, and climate. Personal factors were intrinsically tied to the participant, including their feelings or concerns about mistreatment. Situational factors related to the act of mistreatment, such as who the perpetrator was or the actions of bystanders. Structural factors included elements of the reporting system. Climate factors were concerns related to how the institution viewed mistreatment and the student’s place in medical education.DiscussionThis peer-to-peer study revealed four main groups of factors, all of which are influenced by the culture of the institution. Participants were impacted by the inactions of witnesses and their personal sense of justice. An approach to facilitating reporting of student mistreatment must be grounded in improving the culture of medical education.
Comparative Analysis of Three Surveys on Primary Care Providers’ Experiences with Interoperability and Electronic Health Records
Authors: Hendrix Nathaniel , Maisel Natalya , Everson Jordan , Patel Vaishali , Bazemore Andrew , Rotenstein Lisa S. , Holmgren A Jay , Krist Alex H. , Adler-Milstein Julia , Phillips Robert L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study compared primary care physicians’ self-reported experiences with Electronic Health Records’ (EHR) interoperability, as reported across three surveys: the 2022 Continuous Certification Questionnaire (CCQ) from the American Board of Family Medicine, the 2022 University of California San Francisco’s (UCSF) Physician Health IT Survey, and the 2021 National Electronic Health Records Survey (NEHRS).Materials and MethodsWe used descriptive analyses to identify differences between survey pairs. To account for weighting in NEHRS and UCSF, we assessed the significance of differences using the Rao-Scott corrected chi-square test.ResultsCCQ received 3,991 responses, UCSF received 1,375 from primary care physicians, and NEHRS received 858 responses from primary care physicians. Response rates were 100%, 3.6%, and 18.2%, respectively. Substantial and largely statistically significant differences in response were detected across the three surveys. For instance, 22.2% of CCQ respondents said it was very easy to document care in their EHR, compared to 15.2% in NEHRS, and 14.8% in the UCSF survey. Approximately one-third of respondents across surveys said documenting care in their EHR was somewhat or very difficult. The surveys captured different respondent types with CCQ respondents trending younger, and NEHRS respondents more likely to be in private practice.DiscussionAll surveys pointed to room for improvement in EHR usability and interoperability. The differences observed, likely driven by differences in survey methodology and response bias, were likely substantial enough to impact policy decisions.ConclusionDiversified data sources, such as those from specialty boards, may aid in capturing physicians’ experiences with EHRs and interoperability.
Onset of Alzheimer disease in apolipoprotein ɛ4 carriers is earlier in butyrylcholinesterase K variant carriers
Authors: Lane Roger M. , Darreh-Shori Taher , Junge Candice , Li Dan , Yang Qingqing , Edwards Amanda L. , Graham Danielle L. , Moore Katrina , Mummery Catherine J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe wished to examine the impact of the K-variant ofbutyrylcholinesterase(BCHE-K) carrier status on age-at-diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD) inAPOE4carriers.MethodsIn 45 patients, aged 50-74 years, with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker confirmed mild AD, recruited into a clinical trial (NCT03186989), baseline demographics, disease characteristics, and biomarkers were evaluated byBCHE-KandAPOE4allelic status.ResultsInAPOE4carriers (N = 33), mean age-at-diagnosis of AD inBCHE-Kcarriers (n = 11) was 6.4 years earlier than inBCHE-Knoncarriers (n = 22,P <.001, ANOVA). InAPOE4noncarriers (N = 12) there was no similar influence ofBCHE-K. InAPOE4carriers with versus those withoutBCHE-K, mean age-at-baseline was over 6 years earlier and accompanied by slightly higher amyloid and tau accumulations. A predominant amyloid, limited tau pathophysiology, and limbic-amnestic phenotype was exemplified byAPOE4homozygotes withBCHE-K. Multiple regression analyses demonstrated association of amyloid accumulation withAPOE4carrier status (P <.029), larger total brain ventricle volume (P <.021), less synaptic injury (Ng,P <.001), and less tau (p-tau181,P <.005). In contrast, tau pathophysiology was associated with more neuroaxonal damage (NfL,P= .002), more synaptic injury (Ng,P <.001), and higher levels of glial activation (YKL-40,P= .01).ConclusionFindings concern the genetic architecture of prognosis in early AD, that is fundamental for patients and the design of clinical trials, and that is less well established than the genetics of susceptibility. In mild AD patients aged less than 75 years, the mean age-at-diagnosis of AD inAPOE4carriers was reduced by over 6 years inBCHE-Kcarriers versus noncarriers. Functional activation of glia may explain much of the effects ofAPOE4andBCHE-Kon the phenotype of early AD.