bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Housekeeping by the Book From Hints to Home Economics
Authors: McHugh Kathleen Anne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
If housekeeping is not a joke, the question then becomes how to take it seriously. Nineteenth-century American culture generated an array of texts concerned with domesticity and women’s role in it. Sermons, religious literature, novels, diaries, autobiographies, magazine articles, and textbooks by, for, and about women and the home all contributed to the construction and dissemination of what is now tellingly referred to as both “the cult of True Womanhood” and “the cult of domesticity.’’ Yet, as the designation “cult” and Natha.niel Hawthorne’s outraged injunctions against “mobs of damned scribbling women” suggest, this work and its topic were dismissed at that time and have been ever since in traditional approaches to history and literature. Feminist scholars, however, have taken domesticity, housekeeping, and women’s writings about them very seriously, but their significance has often been understood in a limited way: as related exclusively to the private sphere-the home and femininity. The joke that informs this section of the book and that lays the foundation for all the material that follows is that housekeeping has never been taken seriously, though it in fact organizes and puts in place all the major questions and political problems facing the American nation in the nineteenth century.
The Labor of Maternal Melodramas Converting Angels to Icons
Authors: McHugh Kathleen Anne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Hollywood maternal melodrama flourished in a period of sustained economic crisis beginning with the depression and persisting through the national deprivation for the war effort in the forties. At the outset of this period, the genre acquired a specifically American character, eliminating the European influence that had dominated it in the twenties. I Reflecting the increasing nationalism and isolationism pervasive in Hollywood overall, maternal melodramas also registered changing or problematic relations among gender, labor, and national identity precipitated by these economic crises. Unlike the melodramas I have considered thus far, which either assume or participate in constructing a homogeneous notion of “woman,” these maternal melodramas locate significant social differences within that relationship where we would least expect to find them: between mothers and daughters. In each instance these differences, of class and race specifically, are structured through the mother’s and daughter’s very different relationships to household labor.
Converting Melodrama to Manifesto a Question of Silence
Authors: McHugh Kathleen Anne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Marleen Gorris’s De Stilte rond Christine M. or A Question of Silence (1982) does not focus exclusively on the work of housekeeping. Rather, as the Dutch title (literal translation, “The silence around Christine M.”) indicates more clearly than the English, the film is centered on the catatonic silence of an enigmatic woman named Christine M. Garris takes up the figure of the silent (silenced) housewife in order to transform various generic (in all senses of the word) accounts of women’s silence.
Pictures And Lessons
Authors: Israel Kali 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Pictures haunt texts about Francis Strong’s childhood. D.S. Maccoll, who knew Francis Pattison in his undergraduate days at Lincoln College and Emilia Dilke as a fellow art critic, wrote of seeing a picture of Francis Strong as a little girl, “curled up in the window of a book-lined Holywell sitting room, immersed in reading.”1 Charles Dilke’s memoir claims two of “a series of original historical cartoons” in penand ink by Francis as a child had “been thought by critics to be worth preservation and exhibition,” but neither names the critics nor divulges the location and subjects of the drawings. Francis Strong’s childhood artwork is invoked but invisible, perhaps surviving but not in public. As further proof of the claim that Francis Strong’s “art turn” was “developed at an early age,” Dilke’s memoir cites a text about pictures—Sir Charles Bell’s Essays on the Anatomy of Expression in Painting—which Francis bought with her “®rst pocket-money” at age eleven. Dilke makes the book an emblem of the continuity between Francis Strong and Emilia Dilke—it was her “most cherished possession”
Making A Marriage
Authors: Israel Kali 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The engagement of forty-eight year-old Mark Pattison to twenty-one-year-old Francis Strong took place soon after Francis returned from London on completing her art studies.1 The marriage ceremony was performed in If¯ey Church on September 10, 1861, by William Tuckwell, the bride’s brother-in-law.2 No account by Mark or Francis of their courtship, engagement, and wedding survives, but the marriage entered the folklore of Oxford, and contemporaries made sense of it in conversation and letters.3 The palpable shock with which the engagement was greeted in Oxford may entice us into trusting the normalizing explanations that circulated during and after the Pattisons’ lives, although the marriage’s semipublic status as a failure meant that stories of its making tended to take sides, especially after the circulation of novels purportedly based on the Pattison meÂnage. Middlemarch, after all, was published in 1872, well before Mark Pattison’s 1884 death. The scandal that coincided with Emilia Strong Pattison’s second marriage also in¯ected accounts of the marriage.
The Resources Of Style
Authors: Israel Kali 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Francis Pattison was famously associated with novels and domestic stories, but she was also written as a performer and a spectacle, a woman who enacted theatrical roles, proffered herself to vision, and made herself aesthetic and public, while eluding easy interpretation. This chapter uses the language of theater, performance, and painting to read some memoirs, letters, and non®ctional texts about Mrs. Pattison in Oxford, then places these stories of performances and pictures in relation to varied texts by E. F. S. Pattison/Emilia Dilke. I ultimately range across genres, from art history to newspaper reports of speeches, but because different media and genres construct somewhat different relations to knowledge, clarifying without rigidifying some differences between novels, plays, and pictures may illuminate my choice of initial vocabulary.
French Vices
Authors: Israel Kali 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In January 1895, Oscar Wilde’s Mrs. Cheveley, in his newly opened play, An IdealHusband,told a politician, “Nowadays . . . everyone has to pose as a paragon of purity, incorruptibility, and all the other seven deadly virtues—and what is the result? You all go over like nine pins—one after the other. Not a year passes in England without somebody disappearing. Scandals used to lend charm, or at least interest to a man—now they crush him.” Mrs. Cheveley was retrospective as well as prescient. Through the late nineteenth century, a series of highly mediated but detailed scandals, causes ceélèbres, and exposeès permitted diverse constituencies to struggle over the construction of meaningful stories about bodies and danger.1 The 1885±1886 divorce case of Crawford v. Crawford and Dilke shares with other scandals a great mixing and competition of narratives in court, press, and street, which revealed and contributed to class and gender tensions. The divorce court, like the courtroom in murder trials, In retrospect, Charles Dilke’s fate appears a rehearsal for Charles Parnell’s, especially since their two cases were heard by the same judge, but each of the famous cases of the 1880s displayed tensions and possibilities differently.
Betrayal
Authors: Mérmol Josá 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On May 4,1840, at rn:30 p.m., six men were walking across the patio of a little house on the Calle de Belgrano, in the city of Buenos Aires. On reaching the entryway, as dark as the rest of the house, one of them halted and said to the others,‘Still one more precaution’.
The Jackson Family Background
Authors: Critchley Macdonald , Critchley Eileen A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
He possessed the rare combination of characteristics that “sets a man among the little band of whom are Aristotle and Newton and Darwin”1 was one assessment ofJohn Hughlings Jackson. Beginning his career as a provincial medical apprentice and achieving a position at the pinnacle of his profession, Jackson was among the few physicians in the middle of the 19th century who were interested in disorders of the nervous system—neurologists, to use the term coined by Thomas Willis. Jackson was unique. He was held in universal respect among his medical colleagues, even though his work was not always understood during his lifetime. After his death in 191 1, many years passed before his original ideas were recognised; they were well ahead of the thinking of most medical men of his time.
Jackson the Man
Authors: Critchley Macdonald , Critchley Eileen A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Most of the world’s great neurologists have been men of strong personality, and Hughlings Jackson was no exception. He was also endowed with qualities which made him an unusual person. “Even his habits and peculiarities, his whims and crochets may help us towards understanding the powerful influence he exerted on those who were fortunate enough to come within its spheres.”1 Perhaps his most conspicuous feature was great modesty (“a gentle soul and unbelievably modest”, according to Wilfred Harris), a characteristic which stood out markedly against his intellect. For this reason alone, he was essentially a likeable man. Jackson was an inherently good, simple individual and, for all his foibles, was universally respected and held in great affection. He was also shy and self-effacing, ready to express gratitude for even trivial services rendered by colleagues and subordinates. His writings show meticulous acknowledgement of the work of others and he never failed to express his gratitude for their contributions.
Introduction, Reading Autobiography: Strategies and Structures
Authors: Rodríguez Barbara 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This book enters into the current, increasingly lively revisiting and repositioning of autobiography studies. It participates in a critical conversation that responds to discussions of the genre that developed during the 1950s and 1960s, when theorists, critics, and practitioners of au tobiography concerned themselves with inscribing—establishing, or as serting—a set of conventions that would define modern constructions of identity and acts of self-representation. Commenting on the work of Philippe Lejeune, Georges Gusdorf, Georg Misch, and others, contempo rary critics identified the ways in which autobiographical works recognize and resist those conventions; moving beyond the prescriptive and narrow generic definition of autobiography as the factual, chronological, first person narrative of the lifestory, and beyond old-fashioned notions of au tobiographical truthfulness, scholars like Paul de Man, Sidonie Smith, Fran9oise Lionnet, Barbara Johnson, and Leigh Gilmore began to theorize life-writing from postmodern and feminist perspectives. Autobiographical Inscriptions engages and expands upon these reconsiderations of autobi ography, treating as one of its subjects the critical practices of inscription and re-inscription described above and adding to the conversation about life-writing an analysis of form and personhood in autobiographies by American women writers of color.
GIS-Based Spatial Analysis and Modeling
Authors: Miller Harvey J , Shaw Shih-Lung 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Why GIS-T? In other words, why do we care so much about using geo graphic information systems in transportation analysis? An obvious answer is that transportation systems are distributed across geographic space. Indeed, the objective of transportation systems is to overcome geographic space. But what is it about GIS that enhances analysis, planning and decision making for geographic phenomena such as transportation systems?
Intelligent Transportation Systems
Authors: Miller Harvey J , Shaw Shih-Lung 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In many parts of the world, mobility has vastly improved over the past century. Increasing mobility combined with urbanization and (in some cases) rapid population growth is creating undesirable negative impacts on economies and individual quality of life. In 1995, commuters in the United States spent more than 2 billion hours in traffic jams, generating US$100 billion in lost productivity (USDOT 1998a). In 1996, 41,907 people were killed and another 3.5 million were injured in the United States due to automobile accidents (USDOT 1999a). In Japan, over 10,000 people die in traffic accidents each year, about 5.6 billion person hours were spent in traffic congestion.
Nathaniel Hawthorne 1804–1864
Authors: Wineapple Brenda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Since the publication of The Scarlet Letter in 1850 and certainlys death in 1864, Hawthorne has become a national outing skeletons out of New England closets long before Stephen King. And, like one of his own—or Kingߣs—characters, Nathaniel Hawthorne of Salem, Massachusetts, born on the Fourth of July 1804, often seems enigmatic and impenetrable. Searched and seized and, more frequently than not, diagnosed, even by contemporaries, he has nonetheless kept what he called the “Inmost Me” behind the veil.
Mysteries of Mesmerism
Authors: Coale Samuel Chase 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nathaniel Hawthorne despised and feared mesmerism, the process in which a practitioner hypnotized his subject and put her into a trance. He found it morally and philosophically regnant, since in his view the mesmerist could violate an individual consciousness and soul and gain power over his victim. At the same time, he recognized that the process was probably physiologically and psychologically sound. It worked. The master could manipulate his slave. Hawthorne used this mysterious force to describe the way the artist works upon a readerߣs consciousness. His own fictional technique emulated that process. The kind of fiction he called “romance,” in his view, was essentially a mesmeric text that hovered between our recognizable daily and social world and the more phantasmagoric realm of our dreams. Despising the force, he yet recognized its true power and was simultaneously attracted to and repelled by it.
Major Hurricanes
Authors: Elsner James B , Kara A Birol 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When winds blow at speeds of 50 m s-1 (˜ 100 kt) or higher the storm is called a major hurricane. The central pressure inside a major hurricane is typically less than 965 mb. The hurricane-driven storm surge can be expected to be as high as 3 meters or more. Damage potential ranges from extensive to catastrophic. Major hurricanes pose a significant threat to life and property in the United States, Mexico, Bermuda, and the nations of the Caribbean. Historically they are referred to as “great” hurricanes. Today they are called major or intense hurricanes. Most major North Atlantic hurricanes originate as tropical-only hurricanes. The probability of major hurricanes along the U.S. coastline shows large decadal variability in location. Florida is particularly vulnerable to the threat of major hurricanes. Periods of little or no major hurricane activity are interspersed with periods of frequent storms.
Hurricane Return Periods
Authors: Elsner James B , Kara A Birol 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The occurrence of a hurricane is a rare event. The likelihood of rare events that are not periodic in time are expressed in terms of return periods. Return periods are used to describe the occurrence of earthquakes and extreme flood events. The qualification that events are not periodic is important. A phenomenon that occurs regularly-even if it is rare-is best described in terms of periodicities (see Chapter 10). Return periods are appropriately used when no important oscillations occur in the record. Various definitions for return periods lead to a vagueness concerning concepts associated with their use. For present purposes, both return periods and recurrence intervals are utilized. A recurrence interval is the time between successive events. The recurrence interval is also called the interarrival time. Recurrence intervals may vary widely and nonuniformly over the period of record. A return period is defined as the inverse of the annual probability. A hurricane which has a probability of once in 10 years is referred to as a 10-year event. A return period of 10 years should not be understood as a forecast of an event happening about every 10 years.1 Instead, over a long period of record, say 150 years, fifteen hurricanes can be expected to have occurred. Or, in any year, there is a 10% chance that a hurricane will occur. Unfortunately, there is no universally agreed upon definition of return period. The average of the recurrence intervals in the record serves as a rough estimate of the return period.
Property at Risk
Authors: Elsner James B , Kara A Birol 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Hurricanes kill and severely impact economies. Direct economic losses occur from property damage and from evacuation and preparation efforts. Population increases bring dramatic growth in property values, particularly in the United States. As a result, the economic losses in the United States caused by hurricanes have risen dramatically during the past several decades. In the early 1980s average annual losses approximated $1 billion. This amount is five times the average annual losses during the 1950s (Chen 1995). Despite the recent downturn in hurricane activity in the North Atlantic over the period 1991 through 1994 (see Chapter 12), frequent and damaging extratropical cyclone activity1 combined with two intense U.S. hurricanes (Andrew of the North Atlantic and Iniki2 of the eastern North Pacific) caused $40 billion in insured property losses (70% of which was covered by reinsurance companies). The financial losses seriously impacted the property insurance industry with a loss of nine firms to bankruptcy (Changnon et al. 1997). As a consequence, nearly $400 million of the losses went unpaid. The shakeup sent shivers through the insurance industry leading to a better appreciation of the key role climate hazards play in estimating potential losses from storms. Moreover, major hurricane disasters affect all Americans by diverting resources from other necessary public and private programs and by reducing the efficiency of the national economy. Property-loss potential across the West Indies is also on the rise. New resort developments featuring luxury hotels and tourist districts are being built along previously uninhabited beaches. The Caribbean coast of Mexico around Cancun is a spectacular example of new development in the path of future intense hurricanes. This chapter examines some of the economic impacts of U.S. hurricanes. We begin with a look at what causes the damage and factors related to the cost of preparation and evacuation efforts. We also examine the costliest hurricanes on record for the United States.
Vietnam War Mythology and the Rise of Public Cynicism
Authors: Appy Christian , Bloom Alexander 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Long before the American War, Vietnamese children learned the glorious tales of ancient resistance to foreign domination. History and legend are alive with the deeds of Vietnamese patriots. Rebel heroes are the central figures in the Vietnamese pantheon. The Trung sisters led the first insurrection against Chinese rule in 40 c.e. One of their soldiers, Phung Thi Chinh, was said to give birth in the middle of battle and strap the newborn on her back to continue the fight. Another woman warrior, Trieu Au, rode to war in 248 atop an elephant. In 938, Ngo Quyen lured Chinese warships into a spike-filled river so the lowering tide would impale the enemy vessels. Under the command of Tran Hung Dao, the Vietnamese routed three hundred thousand Mongolians in 1288. More than a century later a giant tortoise rose from the bottom of Hoan Kiem Lake with a magic sword in its mouth, and Le Loi grasped the weapon and led Vietnam to victory over the Chinese. For two millennia the Vietnamese fought for national unification and independence—against China for well over a thousand years, against France for a hundred, against Japan during World War II, and eventually against the United States. In the face of such unrelenting resistance, many foreign soldiers came to believe that “the heart of the land itself” opposed their presence.1
Lyndon Johnson and the Roots of Contemporary Conservatism
Authors: Wicker Tom 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
By 1967, as the body count rose on both sides and the body bags piled up in America, the president’s promise of eventual victory seemed empty to millions of his countrymen, and his insistence that the war had to go on appeared stubborn, senseless, and, in a favorite word of the time, “unresponsive.” Nor did he or any of his associates ever make an adequate, coherent, believable case as to why the war had to be fought and an elusive victory endlessly pursued. By the end of his term, the man who just four years earlier had won an epic landslide over Barry Goldwater and who had confidently considered himself the heir to Franklin Roosevelt was so unpopular that he risked public embarrassment and even physical attack if he spoke anywhere but on a military base, where discipline could be enforced.
Everything Seemed Beautiful A Life in the Counterculture
Authors: Melton Barry 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I first started coming to the San Francisco Bay Area during the spring and summer of 1964. I was supposed to have graduated high school that summer, just before my seventeenth birthday. But a motorcycle accident in my junior year put me in a hospital bed for many months and caused me to fall a full semester behind, so my graduation was delayed. While laid up in bed that summer of 1963, I read Jack Kerouac’s On the Road and Woody Guthrie’s Bound for Glory. And, more important, I somehow managed to get my parents to feel so bad that I spent my sixteenth birthday in the hospital, they reluctantly agreed that I could spend the entire summer of 1964 on the road with my guitar.
Politics as Art, Art as Politics: The Freedom Singers, the Living Theatre, and Public Performance
Authors: Martin Bradford 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In June 1963, an audience of more than two thousand New Yorkers turned out to see a “Salute to Southern Freedom” benefit concert for the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) at Carnegie Hall, featuring the SNCC Freedom Singers and gospel singer Mahalia Jackson. The Freedom Singers was a quartet of young African American vocalists, organized by SNCC for fund-raising purposes, that had debuted in a concert with Pete Seeger the previous November. Robert Shelton’s New York Times review of the concert hinted that the audience displayed an even greater interest in the Freedom Singers than the renowned Jackson, attributing this to the fact that the Freedom Singers’ songs “echoed with the immediacy of today’s headlines the integration battle in the South.” The Freedom Singers conveyed to its audiences the texture of the civil rights movement’s daily confrontations, Shelton noted, “in a stirring fashion, musically and morally.”1