bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The hidden dialogue between Lukacs and Bakhtin in the context of Socialist Realism — The Poetics of the genre in the perspective of a long time
Authors: Tan Ke 
Published: February 2025

The subject of research in this article is the hidden dialogue between the philosophical and literary theories of Mikhail Bakhtin and Gyorgy Lukacs, which unfolded against the background of the formation and development of socialist realism. The focus is on the analysis of how, by polemicizing with the teleological premises underlying Lukacs' system and the Socialist realist doctrine, Bakhtin forms his concept of the poetics of the novel in the perspective of "big time." The research focuses on contrasting approaches to understanding genre, where Lukacs, relying on the philosophy of history, builds a linear and teleological model of genre development, culminating in socialist realism, and Bakhtin, entering into a hidden polemic, develops anti-ideological, space-time poetics. Special attention is paid to how Bakhtin, shifting the focus from historical philosophy to the text level, offers a dialogic interpretation of genres in which each of them, including the novel and the epic, appears as a unique and eternal way of understanding the world, coexisting and interacting within the framework of the "big time", rather than striving for a historical conclusion. The research methodology is based on the analysis of Lukacs and Bakhtin's texts, with an emphasis on revealing hidden dialogical connections between their theories, especially in the context of the formation and development of the literary theory of socialist realism. The article uses a comparative method, exploring various aspects of genre poetics (including chronotopes, genre types, and the roles of writers) in the works of both authors. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the identification and analysis of the hidden dialogue between Bakhtin and Lukacs, which is not limited to comparing their views on the novel and the epic, but reveals fundamental differences in their approaches to understanding the historical process and the role of the literary genre. In contrast to Lukacs' teleological concept, which considers the development of genres as a linear process aimed at a specific goal, the study demonstrates the innovative nature of Bakhtin's anti-ideological poetics, which asserts eternal coexistence and dialogue between genres. In particular, the work shows that in Bakhtin's concept of “big time,” a genre that is not tied to a specific historical epoch does not act as a means of expression, but as a way of discovering and understanding the world itself, gaining its significance in dialogue with other genres.
Effect of Rosemary Leaf Ethanol Extract (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) on Arginase-1 and Tumor Suppressor P53 Expression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Male Wistar Strain Rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) Induced By p-Dimethylamino benzaldehyde (DMBA)
Authors: Adnyaswari Dewa Ayu Made , Indrayani Agung Wiwiek , Artini I Gusti Ayu , Ernawati Desak Ketut , Trapika I Gusti Made Gede Surya Candra , Sriwidyani Ni Putu , Arijana I Gusti Kamasan Nyoman 
Published: February 2025

Aims: Tumor Suppressor p53 is a frequent research target to further understand the mechanisms of cancer development and the pathogenesis of cancer. Arginase-1 may also be a potential prognosis predictor for HCC patients, and also be a new target for HCC treatment. This research aims to scientifically test whether the administration of ethanol extract from Rosemary leaves (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) inhibits the increase in Arginase-1 and inhibits the increase in Tumor Suppressor p53 from Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats (Rattus norvegicus L) Male Wistar induced by p -Dimethylamino Benzaldehyde (DMBA).
Study Design: This study used an in vivo laboratory test method. This study employed true experimental laboratories to evaluate the effects of rosemary leaf extract.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacology and Therapy and Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, between December 2023 to July 2024.
Methodology: Wistar rats were induced with p-Dimethylamino Benzaldehyde (DMBA) and treated with varying doses of ethanol extract from rosemary leaves (200 mg/kg BW, 400 mg/kg BW, and 800 mg/kg BW). A control group was included, and the experiment was replicated five times. Hepatocellular carcinoma in liver tissue samples was evaluated through immunohistochemistry for Arginase-1 and Tumor Suppressor p53 expression. Interpretation of immunoreactivity was based on Histochemical scoring (H-score) assessment.
Results: The results showed that the ethanol extract of rosemary leaves inhibited the decrease in Tumor Suppressor p53 expression in the DMBA-treated group. Significant increases in p53 expression were observed at doses of 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg BW. One-way ANOVA of the immunohistochemical tests for Arginase-1 and p53 revealed a significant difference between groups (p < 0.05). The ethanol extract of rosemary leaves demonstrated a potential to inhibit the decrease in Tumor Suppressor p53 expression but did not significantly affect the expression of Arginase-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma in male Wistar rats induced by p-Dimethylamino Benzaldehyde (DMBA).
Conclusion: Ethanol extract of rosemary leaves could not inhibit the increase in arginase-1 expression and inhibit the decrease in tumor suppressor p53 of hepatocellular carcinoma in male Wistar rats induced by p-Dimethylamino benzaldehyde (DMBA).
Emerging Opportunities for Ferroelectric Field‐Effect Transistors: Integration of 2D Materials
Authors: Yang Fang , Ng Hong Kuan , Ju Xin , Cai Weifan , Cao Jing , Chi Dongzhi , Suwardi Ady , Hu Guangwei , Ni Zhenhua , Wang Xiao Renshaw , Lu Junpeng , Wu Jing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe rapid development in information technologies necessitates rapid advancements of their supporting hardware. In particular, new computing paradigms are needed to overcome the bottleneck of traditional von Neumann architecture. Bottom‐up innovation, especially at the materials and devices level, has the potential to disrupt existing technologies through their emergent phenomena. As a new type of conceptual device, 2D ferroelectric field‐effect transistor (FeFET) is highly sought after due to its potential integration with modern semiconductor processes. Its low power consumption, area efficiency, and ultra‐fast operation provide an extra edge over traditional technologies. This review highlights recent developments in 2D FeFET, covering their device construction, working mechanisms, 2D ferroelectric polarization mechanism, multi‐functional applications and prospects. In particular, the combination of 2D semiconductor and ferroelectric dielectric materials for multi‐functionality applications is discussed. This includes non‐volatile memories (NVM), neural network computing, non‐volatile logic operation, and photodetectors. As a novel device platform, 2D semiconductor and ferroelectric interfaces are bestowed with a plethora of emergent physical mechanisms and applications.
Nanozyme‐based Clusterphene for Enhanced Electrically Catalytic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Yue Zhengya , Li Jialun , Tang Minglu , Sun Tiedong , Chen Chunxia , Wu Zhiguang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNanozyme mediated catalytic therapy is an attractive strategy for cancer therapy. However, the nanozymes are tended to assemble into 3D architectures, resulting in poor catalytic efficiency for therapy. This study designs the assembly of nanozymes and natural enzymes into the layered structures featuring hexagonal pores as nanozyme clusterphene and investigates their catalytic therapy with the assistance of electric field. The nanozyme‐based clusterphene consists of polyoxometalate (POM) and natural glucose oxidase (GOx), named POMG‐based clusterphene, which facilitate multi‐enzyme activities including peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione oxidase (GPx). The highly ordered layers with hexagonal pores of POMG units significantly improve the peroxidase‐like (POD‐like) activity of the nanozyme and thus the sustained production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). At the same time, GOx can increase endogenous H2O2 and produce gluconic acid while consuming glucose, the nutrient of tumor cell growth. The results indicate that the POD‐like activity of POMG‐based clusterphene increase approximately sevenfold under electrical stimulation compared with Nd‐substituted keggin type POM cluster (NdPW11). The experiments both in vitro and in vivo show that the proposed POMG‐based clusterphene mediated cascade catalytic therapy is capable of efficient tumor inhibiting and preventing tumor proliferation in tumor‐bearing mice model, promising as an excellent candidate for catalytic therapy.
Myeloid Cell‐Triggered In Situ Cell Engineering for Robust Vaccine‐Based Cancer Treatment
Authors: Li Wen‐Hao , Su Jing‐Yun , Zhang Bo‐Dou , Zhao Lang , Zhuo Shao‐Hua , Wang Tian‐Yang , Hu Hong‐Guo , Li Yan‐Mei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFollowing the success of the dendritic cell (DC) vaccine, the cell‐based tumor vaccine shows its promise as a vaccination strategy. Except for DC cells, targeting other immune cells, especially myeloid cells, is expected to address currently unmet clinical needs (e.g., tumor types, safety issues such as cytokine storms, and therapeutic benefits). Here, it is shown that an in situ injected macroporous myeloid cell adoptive scaffold (MAS) not only actively delivers antigens (Ags) that are triggered by scaffold‐infiltrating cell surface thiol groups but also releases granulocyte–macrophage colony‐stimulating factor and other adjuvant combos. Consequently, this promotes cell differentiation, activation, and migration from the produced monocyte and DC vaccines (MASVax) to stimulate antitumor T‐cell immunity. Neoantigen‐based MASVax combined with immune checkpoint blockade induces rejection of established tumors and long‐term immune protection. The combined depletion of immunosuppressive myeloid cells further enhances the efficacy of MASVax, indicating the potential of myeloid cell‐based therapies for immune enhancement and normalization treatment of cancer.
Spatial Photo‐Patterning of Nematic Liquid Crystal Pretilt and its Application in Fabricating Flat Gradient‐Index Lenses
Authors: Modin Alvin , Leheny Robert L. , Serra Francesca 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLiquid crystals offer a dynamic platform for developing advanced photonics and soft actuation systems due to their unique and facile tunability and reconfigurability. Achieving precise spatial patterning of the liquid crystal alignment is critical to developing electro‐optical devices, programmable origami, directed colloidal assembly, and controlling active matter. Here, a simple method is demonstrated to achieve continuous 3D control of the directions of liquid crystal mesogens using a two‐step photo‐exposure process. In the first step, polarized light sets the orientation in the plane of confining substrates; the second step uses unpolarized light of a prescribed dose to set the out‐of‐plane orientation. The method enables smoothly varying orientational patterns with sub‐micrometer precision. As a demonstration, the setup is used to create gradient‐index lenses with parabolic refractive index profiles that remain stable without external electric fields. The lenses' focal length and sensitivity to light polarization are characterized through experimental and numerical methods. The findings pave the way for developing next‐generation photonic devices and actuated materials, with potential applications in molecular self‐assembly, re‐configurable optics, and responsive matter.
Giant Blue Energy Harvesting in Two‐Dimensional Polymer Membranes with Spatially Aligned Charges
Authors: Liu Xiaohui , Li Xiaodong , Chu Xingyuan , Zhang Bowen , Zhang Jiaxu , Hambsch Mike , Mannsfeld Stefan C. B. , Borrelli Mino , Löffler Markus , Pohl Darius , Liu Yuanwu , Zhang Zhen , Feng Xinliang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBlue energy between seawater and river water is attracting increasing interest, as one of the sustainable and renewable energy resources that can be harvested from water. Within the reverse electrodialysis applied in blue energy conversion, novel membranes with nanoscale confinement that function as selective ion transport mediums are currently in high demand for realizing higher power density. The primary challenge lies in constructing well‐defined nanochannels that allow for low‐energy barrier transport. This work proposes a concept for nanofluidic channels with a simultaneous dual electrostatic effect that can enhance both ion selectivity and flux. To actualize this, this work has synthesized propidium iodide‐based two‐dimensional polymer (PI‐2DP) membranes possessing both skeleton charge and intrinsic space charge, which are spatially aligned along the ion transport pathway. The dual charge design of PI‐2DP significantly enhances the electrostatic interaction between the translocating anions and the cationic polymer framework, and a high anion selectivity coefficient (≈0.8) is reached. When mixing standard artificial seawater and river water, this work achieves a considerable power density of 48.4 W m−2, outperforming most state‐of‐the‐art nanofluidic membranes. Moreover, when applied between the Mediterranean Sea and the Elbe River, an output power density of 42.2 W m−2 is achieved by the PI‐2DP. This nanofluidic membrane design with dual‐layer charges will inspire more innovative development of ion‐selective channels for blue energy conversion that will contribute to global energy consumption.
A Universal Perovskite/C60 Interface Modification via Atomic Layer Deposited Aluminum Oxide for Perovskite Solar Cells and Perovskite–Silicon Tandems
Authors: Artuk Kerem , Turkay Deniz , Mensi Mounir D. , Steele Julian A. , Jacobs Daniel A. , Othman Mostafa , Yu Chin Xin , Moon Soo‐Jin , Tiwari Ayodhya N. , Hessler‐Wyser Aïcha , Jeangros Quentin , Ballif Christophe , Wolff Christian M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe primary performance limitation in inverted perovskite‐based solar cells is the interface between the fullerene‐based electron transport layers and the perovskite. Atomic layer deposited thin aluminum oxide (AlOX) interlayers that reduce nonradiative recombination at the perovskite/C60 interface are developed, resulting in >60 millivolts improvement in open‐circuit voltage and 1% absolute improvement in power conversion efficiency. Surface‐sensitive characterizations indicate the presence of a thin, conformally deposited AlOx layer, functioning as a passivating contact. These interlayers work universally using different lead‐halide–based absorbers with different compositions where the 1.55 electron volts bandgap single junction devices reach >23% power conversion efficiency. A reduction of metallic Pb0 is found and the compact layer prevents in‐ and egress of volatile species, synergistically improving the stability. AlOX‐modified wide‐bandgap perovskite absorbers as a top cell in a monolithic perovskite–silicon tandem enable a certified power conversion efficiency of 29.9% and open‐circuit voltages above 1.92 volts for 1.17 square centimeters device area.
Downsizing Porphyrin Covalent Organic Framework Particles Using Protected Precursors for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Endo Kenichi , Raza Asif , Yao Liang , Van Gele Samuel , Rodríguez‐Camargo Andrés , Vignolo‐González Hugo A. , Grunenberg Lars , Lotsch Bettina V. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising electrocatalyst platforms owing to their designability, porosity, and stability. Recently, COFs with various chemical structures are developed as efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction catalysts. However, controlling the morphology of COF catalysts remains a challenge, which can limit their electrocatalytic performance. Especially, while porphyrin COFs show promising catalytic properties, their particle size is mostly large and uncontrolled because of the severe aggregation of crystallites. In this work, a new synthetic methodology for rationally downsized COF catalyst particles is reported, where a tritylated amine is employed as a novel protected precursor for COF synthesis. Trityl protection provides high solubility to a porphyrin precursor, while its deprotection proceeds in situ under typical COF synthesis conditions. Subsequent homogeneous nucleation and colloidal growth yield smaller COF particles than a conventional synthesis, owing to suppressed crystallite aggregation. The downsized COF particles exhibit superior catalytic performance in electrochemical CO2 reduction, with higher CO production rate and faradaic efficiency compared to conventional COF particles. The improved performance is attributed to the higher contact area with a conductive agent. This study reveals particle size as an important factor for the evaluation of COF electrocatalysts and provides a strategy to control it.
Electronic‐Free Traceable Smart Capsule for Gastrointestinal Microbiome Sampling
Authors: Nejati Sina , Sarnaik Devendra , Gopalakrishnan Sarath , Kasi Venkat , Krishnakumar Akshay , Hyde Samuel , McCain Robyn , Park Kinam , Johnson Jay S. , Rahimi Rahim 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNon‐invasive smart electronic‐free sampling capsules have revolutionized the exploration of microbiome‐disease interactions in inaccessible regions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. However, a significant impediment to the broader use of electronic‐free capsules is the challenge of reliably tracking and determining their in vivo location. Variability in patient motility introduces uncertainties in capsule position. Thus, there is a critical need for effective solutions that ensure traceability in microbiome studies employing such capsules. While tracking methods are explored in previous smart ingestible capsule designs, most have relied on RF, imaging, and radiation‐based techniques, limiting sampling volume, increasing costs, complicating design, and raising health concerns due to ionizing radiation exposure. To address these challenges, the design of an electronic‐free smart capsule is introduced that integrates a metal tracer for easy metal detection, serving as a reliable tracking mechanism. The capsule is housed in a 3D‐printed casing and includes a superabsorbent hydrogel serving as both a sampling medium and an actuator within the capsule. The capsule's targeted sampling of the GI tract is accomplished by covering the capsule's sampling port with a pH‐responsive coating. Optimal dimensions and material for the cylindrical shaped metal tracer on the capsule are determined through extensive optimizations, considering factors such as gastric flotation, corrosion resistance, read distance, and omnidirectional detectability. The results of these investigations reveal that a 12 mm stainless steel (SS 316L) cylinder offers the necessary detection and tracing capabilities with minimal toxicity and excellent corrosion resistance under relevant physiological conditions in the GI tract. Validation studies, both in vitro and in vivo, confirmed the capsule's trackability using a handheld metal detector. These findings are further validated by X‐ray imaging and CT scans, demonstrating the metal detector's ability to distinguish approximate GI tract regions and determine the time point of excretion. This innovative approach provides a reliable and cost‐effective solution for tracking electronic‐free smart capsules, enhancing their applicability in microbiome research for both human and animal studies.
VPERD Assessment of the Mechanical Property of Plasticizing Fully π‐Conjugated Polymers with Intrinsic Stretchability for Flexible Deep‐Blue Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: An Xiang , Gong Huaqiang , Chen Wenyu , Zhuo Zhiqiang , Wei Chuanxin , Sun Ning , Ni Mingjian , Liu Bin , Wang Jianpu , Bai Lubing , Sun Pengfei , Lin Jinyi , Huang Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the realm of flexible optoelectronic devices, intrinsic flexible fully π‐conjugated polymers (FπCPs) assume a pivotal role owing to their concurrent intrinsic viscoelasticity and robust optoelectronic properties. As flexible devices are destined to encounter diverse stress environments, the selection of functional materials based on mechanical requirements becomes imperative. Here, VPERD assessment system is introduced to scrutinize the mechanical properties of side‐chain plasticizing FπCPs. The acronym VPERD encapsulates five key aspects of mechanical characteristics, namely viscidity (V), plasticity (P), elasticity (E), rigidity (R), and ductility (D). The mechanical characteristics of FπCPs are tuned through the control of flexible chain density (FCD). Enhancing FCD induces superior chain softness, favorable solubility, and heightened viscoplasticity. Through precise regulation of FCD and thoughtful structural design, freestanding FπCPs nano‐films exhibit a remarkable maximum fracture strain of ≈50%. Deep‐blue flexible polymer light‐emitting diodes (PLEDs) reveal that maintaining FCD at ≈50% achieves a balance between mechanical and optoelectronic properties. The stretched films after strain fatigue both show that mild strain is conducive to enhancing the efficiency of FπCPs films and devices. According to VPERD assessment system, the prerequisite for achieving intrinsically flexible FπCPs lies in controlling the degree of side‐chain internal plasticization through the tuning of FCD.
rWTC‐MBTA Vaccine Induces Potent Adaptive Immune Responses Against Glioblastomas via Dynamic Activation of Dendritic Cells
Authors: Wang Herui , Medina Rogelio , Ye Juan , Zhang Yaping , Chakraborty Samik , Valenzuela Alex , Uher Ondrej , Hadrava Vanova Katerina , Sun Mitchell , Sang Xueyu , Park Deric M. , Zenka Jan , Gilbert Mark R. , Pacak Karel , Zhuang Zhengping 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDespite strides in immunotherapy, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains challenging due to low inherent immunogenicity and suppressive tumor microenvironment. Converting “cold” GBMs to “hot” is crucial for immune activation and improved outcomes. This study comprehensively characterized a therapeutic vaccination strategy for preclinical GBM models. The vaccine consists of Mannan‐BAM‐anchored irradiated whole tumor cells, Toll‐like receptor ligands [lipoteichoic acid (LTA), polyinosinic‐polycytidylic acid (Poly (I:C)), and resiquimod (R‐848)], and anti‐CD40 agonistic antibody (rWTC‐MBTA). Intracranial GBM models (GL261, SB28 cells) are used to evaluate the vaccine efficacy. A substantial number of vaccinated mice exhibited complete regression of GBM tumors in a T‐cell‐dependent manner, with no significant toxicity. Long‐term tumor‐specific immune memory is confirmed upon tumor rechallenge. In the vaccine‐draining lymph nodes of the SB28 model, rWTC‐MBTA vaccination triggered a major rise in conventional dendritic cell type 1 (cDC1) 12 h post‐treatment, followed by an increase in conventional dendritic cell type 2 (cDC2), monocyte‐derived dendritic cell (moDC), and plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) on Day 5 and Day 13. Enhanced cytotoxicity of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in vaccinated mice is verified in co‐culture with tumor cells. Analyses of immunosuppressive signals (T‐cell exhaustion, myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSC), M2 macrophages) in the GBM microenvironment suggest potential combinations with other immunotherapies for enhanced efficacy. In conclusion, the authors findings demonstrate that rWTC‐MBTA induces potent and long‐term adaptive immune responses against GBM.