bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A distinct pattern of memory and attention deficiency in patients with depression
Authors: Luo Lan-lan , Chen Xin , Chai Yan , Li Jin-hong , Zhang Mian , Zhang Jian-ning 
Published: January 2024

Background
Depression related cognitive deficits are frequently considered as simple epiphenomena of the disorder. However, whether or not the depression might directly bring about cognitive deficits is still under investigation. This study was to investigate the distinctpattern of cognitive deficits in patients with depression by comparing the cognitive function before and after anti-depressive drug therapy.

Methods
Sixty cases of patients, first-time diagnosed with depression, were assessed by 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD17scale). The memory ability was tested by quantitatively clinical memory scale, while the attention ability by modified Ruff 2&7 Selective Attention Test. Forty-two healthy volunteers were recruited as controls. The depressive patients were treated with Venlafaxine (75-300 mg/d), Fluoxetine (20-40 mg/d), Paroxetine (20-40 mg/d), and Sertraline (50-150 mg/d). After 12 weeks treatment, patients were tested again by HAMD17scale, quantitatively clinical memory scale, and modified Ruff 2&7 selective attention test to assess the effect of anti-depressive drugs on cognitive deficits.

Results
The memory quotient (MQ) was significantly lowered in depressive patients. The selection speed was also significantly decreased and the number of missing and error hits increased in the depression group as compared to control. However, there was no significant difference in clinical memory scale and Ruff 2&7 selective attention test between mild-to-moderate and severe depression group. Importantly, after anti-depressive drug therapy, the HAMD17 scale scores in depressive patients were significantly decreased, but the MQ, directional memory (DM), free recall (FR), associative learning (AL), and face recognition were comparable with those before the treatment. Furthermore, the selection speed and the number of missing and error hits were also not significantly different after anti-depressive drugs treatment.

Conclusions
Depressive patients suffer from short-term memory deficits, and attention extent, stability and rearrangement deficiency. Even though anti-depressive drugs sufficiently relieve the cardinal presentation of depression, they could not successfully alleviate the accompanying cognitive deficits. This might indicate a distinct pattern of cognitive deficits in patients with depression.
Thrombosis and morphology of plaque rupture using optical coherence tomography
Authors: Guo Jun , Chen Yun-dai , Tian Feng , Liu Hong-bin , Chen Lian , Sun Zhi-jun , Ren Yi-hong , Jin Qin-hua , Liu Chang-fu , Han Bao-shi , Gai Lu-yue , Yang Ting-shu 
Published: January 2024

Background
Thrombosis following plaque rupture is the main cause of acute coronary syndrome, but not all plaque ruptures lead to thrombosis. There are limited in vivo data on the relationship between the morphology of ruptured plaque and thrombosis.

Methods
We used optical coherence tomography (OCT) to investigate the morphology of plaque rupture and its relation to coronary artery thrombosis in patients with coronary heart disease. Forty-two patients with coronary artery plaque rupture detected by OCT were divided into two groups (with or without thrombus) and the morphological characteristics of ruptured plaque, including fibrous cap thickness and broken cap site, were recorded.

Results
The fibrous cap of ruptured plaque with thrombus was significantly thinner compared to caps without thrombus ((57.00±17.00)μm vs. (96.00±48.00)μm; P=0.0076).

Conclusions
Plaque rupture associated with thrombosis occurs primarily in plaque covered by a thin fibrous cap. Thick fibrous caps are associated with greater stability of ruptured plaque.
Polyinosine-polycytidylic acid promotes excessive iodine intake induced thyroiditis in non-obese diabetic mice via Toll-like receptor 3 mediated inflammation
Authors: SHI Ya-nan , LIU Feng-hua , YU Xiu-jie , LIU Ze-bing , LI Qing-xin , YUAN Ji-hong , ZANG Xiao-yi , LI Lan-ying 
Published: January 2024

Background
Excessive iodine intake and viral infection are recognized as both critical factors associated with autoimmune thyroid diseases. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been reported to play an important role in autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. In this study, we aimed to clarify the possible mechanism of TLR3 involved in polyinosine- polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) promoting excessive iodine intake induced thyroiditis in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice.

Methods
Both NOD and BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to four groups: control group (n=5), high iodine intake (HI) group (n=7), poly(I:C) group (n=7) and combination of excessive iodine and poly(I:C) injection (HIP) group (n=7). After 8 weeks, mice were weighed and blood samples were collected. All the mice were sacrificed before dissection of spleen and thyroid gland. Then, thyroid histology, thyroid secreted hormone, expression of CD3+ cells and TLR3 as well as inflammatory mRNA level were evaluated.

Results
Both NOD and BALB/c mice from HI and HIP group represented goiter and increasing thyroid relative weight. Thyroid histology evidence indicated that only HIP group of NOD mice showed severe thyroiditis with lymphocytes infiltration in majority of thyroid tissue, severe damage of follicles and general fibrosis. Immunofluorescence staining results displayed a large number of CD3+ cells in HIP NOD mice. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results suggested interferon (IFN)-α increased over 30 folds and IFN-γ expression was doubled compared with control group, but interleukin (IL)-4 remained unchanged in HIP group of NOD mice thyroid. Meanwhile, over one third decrease of blood total thyroxine (TT4) and increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was observed in HIP group of NOD mice. Only HIP group of NOD mice represented significantly elevation of TLR3 expression.

Conclusion
Poly(I:C) enhanced excessive dietary iodine induced thyroiditis in NOD mice through increasing TLR3 mediated inflammation.
Implementing surviving sepsis campaign bundles in China: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Li Zhi-qiang , Xi Xiu-ming , Luo Xin , Li Jie , Jiang Li 
Published: January 2024

Background
Surviving sepsis campaign (SSC) bundles have been demonstrated to significantly improve survival in sepsis and septic shock patients worldwide. Compliance with these protocols and resultant mortality in sepsis patients was investigated in intensive care units (ICUs) in China.

Methods
Adult patients with severe sepsis or septic shock treated from September 2007 to October 2008 in 11 ICUs of Chinese teaching hospitals were included. The primary outcome was compliance with resuscitation and management bundles. Secondary outcomes included individual bundle protocol impact and the effects of the completed bundle protocol number on 28-day mortality.

Results
Overall compliance during 6-hr resuscitation and 24-hour management bundles were 5.5% and 17.4%, respectively, and 28-day mortality was 33.0%. Compliance with protocols for blood cultures before antibiotics (42.2%), central venous pressure ≥8 mmHg (65.9%), central venous oxygen saturation ≥70% (25.0%), and optimized glucose control (82.1%), were significantly associated with decreased 28-day mortality (P <0.05). When adjusted for age, acute organ dysfunction, and APACHE II score, compliance with the blood culture before antibiotics protocol produced the most significant decrease in 28-day mortality (OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.16-0.70; P=0.004). Compliance with ≥5 protocols in the 6-hour resuscitation bundle was also associated with lower 28-day mortality in septic shock patients (OR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.06-0.54; P = 0.001).

Conclusions
Compliance with resuscitation and management bundles is generally poor in China; however, when applied, 6-hour resuscitation bundle are associated with significant reductions in 28-day mortality for sepsis patients.
Anterior cruciate ligament remnants nodule: potential factor causing extension loss
Authors: Wang Jian , Ao Ying-fang 
Published: January 2024

Background
Extension loss caused by anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) remnants nodule was usually reported by case reports. There is no systematic report analyzing ACL remnants nodule. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of extension loss caused by remnants of ACL after injury.

Methods
From June 2008 to December 2011, ACL remnants were observed by arthroscopy in 1012 cases with ACL injuries at the time of primary reconstruction. ACL remnants nodules were recorded. The time of extension loss occurrence caused by ACL remnants nodule, associated symptom and sign, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and arthroscopic findings were observed. Histological examination was performed on the lesion resected.

Results
Twenty-four cases with ACL remnants nodules were found by arthroscopy. Among them extension loss caused by remnants of ACL happened in 19 cases (male 13; female 6). The average extension loss were 9.1 (range, 5 202). The average time from injury to operation was 8.9 weeks (range, 3)26 weeks). The remnants of ACL depressed in the inter-condylar notch were found on MRI in 15 cases with extension loss. The rupture locations of ACL were all close to the upper insertion of ACL. The microscopic examination of the resected remnants of ACL revealed disorganized fibrous connective tissue and tissue of ACL ligament.

Conclusions
Among 1012 ACL injury cases, 24 ACL remnants nodules were found with arthroscopy and 19 nodules could cause knee extension loss. ACL remnants nodule should be paid attention to as a potential cause of extension loss.
Comparative outcomes between cord blood transplantation and bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation from unrelated donors in patients with hematologic malignancies: a single-institute analysis
Authors: CHEN Yu-hong , XU Lan-ping , LIU Dai-hong , CHEN Huan , ZHANG Xiao-hui , HAN Wei , WANG Feng-rong , WANG Jin-zhi , WANG Yu , HUANG Xiao-jun , LIU Kai-yan 
Published: January 2024

Background
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) has grown substantially as an alternative source of hematopoietic stem cells for unrelated donor transplantation in both adult and pediatric patients. Our aim was to assess the leukemia-free survival (LFS) and some primary results, such as hematologic recovery, risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), relapse, and long-term survival, after unrelated cord blood transplantation compared with the outcomes of transplantations from other unrelated graft source.

Methods
The clinical outcomes of 112 consecutive patients with acute leukemia who received umbilical cord blood (UCBT) as a primary unrelated stem cell source (n=38), bone marrow (UBMT n=28, transplanted before January 2003), or peripheral blood stem cells (UPBSCT n=46, transplanted after January 2003) between July 2000 and July 2008 were analyzed.

Results
Except that the patients were much younger in the UCBT group (median age, 10.5 years in UCBT, 30 years in UPBSCT, and 20 years in UBMT), other pre-transplant parameters, such as gender, diagnosis, and the phase of disease, were comparable. All patients received myeloablative regimens, primarily including BUCY; however, there was less anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) used for the UBMT patients (2/38 in UCBT, 0/46 in UPBSCT, and 8/28 in UBMT did not use ATG, P=0.000). Significant delays in engraftment occurred after UCBT for both neutrophil cells and platelets. The cumulative allo-engraftment rates were also significantly lower (87.8% vs. 97.8% vs. 100% for WBC, P=0.000; 73.0% vs. 97.5% vs. 89.5% for PLT, P=0.000) for UCBT. The incidence of Grade 2-4 and 3-4 acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) was much higher in the UBMT group but did not differ among the other groups (51% and 13.2%, 40.2% and 10.5%, and 77.4% and 41.2%, respectively, for UCBT, UPBSCT, and UBMT, P=0.000). The occurrence of extensive chronic GVHD (cGVHD) was significantly decreased for recipients of UCBT (4%) compared with that of UPBSCT (39.1%) and UBMT (49.1%, P=0.000), although the rates of whole cGVHD were not significantly different (30.3%, 63.1%, and 60.1% for UCBT, UPBSCT, and UBMT, respectively). The patients had a similar rate of CMV infection (21/38, 28/46, and 22/28 for UCBT, UPBSCT, and UBMT, respectively), while the HC occurrence was lower after UCBT (7/38, 16/46, and 14/28 for UCBT, UPBSCT, and UBMT, respectively). As of August 2012, there was no apparent difference in 5-year overall survival (OS), LFS, or the relapse rate for each graft source (52.5%, 52.6%, and 20.8% in UCBT; 48.7%, 46.4%, and 27.9% in UPBSCT; and 46.4%, 42.9%, and 16.0% in UBMT).

Conclusion
These data support the use of UCB donors as an alternative allogeneic donor.
Impact of uncontrolled blood pressure on diagnostic accuracy of coronary flow reserve for detecting significant coronary stenosis in hypertensive patients
Authors: LI Wei-hong , XU Wei-xian , LI Zhao-ping , LI Cui-ping , WANG Xin-yu , HE Li-yun , ZHAO Wei , FENG Xin-heng , GAO Wei 
Published: January 2024

Background
Impaired coronary flow reserve (CFR) in patients with hypertension may be caused by epicardial coronary stenosis or microvascular dysfunction. Antihypertensive treatment has been shown to improve coronary microvascular dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) on diagnostic accuracy of CFR for detecting significant coronary stenosis.

Methods
A total of 98 hypertensive patients scheduled for coronary angiography (CAG) due to chest pain were studied. Of them, 45 patients had uncontrolled BP (defined as the office BP ≥140/90 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) in general hypertensive patients, or ≥130/80 mmHg in hypertensive individuals with diabetes mellitus), and the remaining 53 patients had well-controlled BP. CFR was measured in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) during adenosine triphosphate-induced hyperemia by non-invasive transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE) within 48 hours prior to CAG. Significant LAD stenosis was defined as >70% luminal narrowing. Diagnostic accuracy of CFR for detecting significant coronary stenosis was analyzed with a receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Results
CFR was significantly lower in patients with uncontrolled BP than in those with well-controlled BP (2.1±0.6 vs. 2.6±0.9, P <0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis of the study showed that the value of CFR was independently associated with the angiographically determined degree of LAD stenosis (β= -0.445, P <0.0001) and the presence of uncontrolled BP (β= -0.272, P=0.014). With a receiver operating characteristic analysis, CFR <2.2 was the optimal cut-off value for detecting LAD stenosis in all hypertensive patients (AUC 0.83, 95%CI 0.75-0.91) with a sensitivity of 75%, a specificity of 78%, and an accuracy of 77%. A significant reduction of diagnostic specificity was observed in patients with uncontrolled BP compared with those with well-controlled BP (67% vs. 93%, P=0.031).

Conclusions
CFR measurement by TTDE is valuable in the diagnosis of significant coronary stenosis in hypertensive patients. However, the diagnostic specificity is reduced in patients with uncontrolled BP.
Development in mechanisms of ischemic mitral regurgitation
Authors: HUANG Wei-lin , FU Qiang 
Published: January 2024

Objective
The clinical diagnosis and treatment of ischemia mitral regurgitation (IMR) remained difficult because of its unclear mechanisms. This paper reviews studies on the mechanisms of IMR during the last 20 years, and discusses the relevance of the various mechanisms.

Data sources
Data used in this review were mainly from CNKI and Pubmed in English. The search terms were “ischemia mitral regurgitation mechanism”, “myocardial infarction” AND “mitral regurgitation”.

Study selection
Articles were selected if they involved mechanisms of IMR.

Results
IMR is one of the common complications of coronary artery disease. But currently, the clinical diagnosis and treatment of IMR remained difficult because of its unclear mechanisms.

Conclusions
For now, dominating theory of ischemic mitral regurgitation mechanisms are left ventricular remodeling, imbalance of leaflet tethering and the closing force, left ventricular dysfunction, changes in spatial structure of the annulus and the dyssynchrony of the left ventricular electromechanical activity.
Accelerated healing of diabetic wound using artificial dermis constructed with adipose stem cells and poly(L-glutamic acid)/chitosan scaffold
Authors: SHEN Ting , PAN Zhi-gang , ZHOU Xiao , HONG Chao-yang 
Published: January 2024

Background
Diabetic wound is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus. There are no significantly effective therapies for chronic non-healing diabetes ulcer so far. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of healing impaired wound using artificial dermis constructed with human adipose derived stem cells (ASCs) and poly(L-glutamic acid)/chitosan (PLGA/CS) scaffold in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.

Methods
ASCs were isolated from fresh human lipoaspirates and expanded ex vivo for three passages, and then cells were seeded onto PLGA/CS scaffold to form artificial dermis. Expression of VEGF and TGFβ1 by ASCs presented in artificial dermis was determined. The artificial dermis was transplanted to treat the 20 mm × 20 mm full-thickness cutaneous wound created on the back of diabetic mice. Wound treated with scaffold alone and without treatment, and wound in normal non-diabetic mice served as control.

Results
Cells growing within scaffold showed great proliferation potential, depositing abundant collagen matrix. Meanwhile, expression of VEGF and TGF-β1 by seeded ASCs maintained at a consistent high level. After treated with ASC based artificial dermis, diabetic wounds exhibited significantly higher healing rate compared with wounds treated with scaffold alone or without treatment. Histological examination also demonstrated an improvement in cutaneous restoration with matrix deposition and organization. Further quantitative analysis showed that there was a significant increase in dermis thickness and collagen content on artificial dermis treated wounds.

Conclusion
ASC/PLGA artificial dermis can effectively accelerate diabetic wound healing by promoting angiogenic growth factors and dermal collagen synthesis.
Redox factor-1 may mediate the repair of multiple organ injuries after liver transplantation
Authors: SUN Zhi-peng , HU Yu-bing , Aminbuhe  , GONG Ke , ZHU Bin , FAN Qing , LIAN Dong-bo , ZHANG Neng-wei 
Published: January 2024

Background
Apurinic apyrimidinic endonuclease/redox effector factor 1 (APE1/Ref-1) is an important enzyme in the repair of reactive oxygen species-induced DNA damage, and its expression/activation can be induced by reactive oxygen species. The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between multiple-organ injuries and expression of Ref-1 in the early period after liver transplantation.

Methods
One hundred and fifty adult male Wistar rats were divided randomly into three groups: liver transplantation, sham surgery, and untreated control. After liver transplantation, animals were sacrificed at different time points. Hepatic and renal functions were analyzed by serology. Histology, apoptotic levels, and Ref-1 expression were examined by immunohistochemistry in the liver, kidneys, intestines, and lungs.

Results
Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase peaked 6 hours after liver transplantation and decreased appreciably after 12 hours in the transplantation group, suggesting that the degree of liver injury in the early period after transplantation peaked at 6 hours and then decreased. Pathological analyses showed that hepatic tissues were more severely injured in the transplantation group than in the sham and untreated groups. A considerable number of infiltrating inflammatory cells was observed around the portal vein in the transplantation group. Injuries to the kidneys, intestines, and lungs were milder after liver transplantation. Apoptotic levels increased after liver transplantation in all four organs examined. Ref-1 expression was higher in the transplantation group in the early period after liver transplantation than in the sham surgery and untreated control groups.

Conclusion
Ref-1 expression induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury may have a critical role in repairing multiple-organ injuries after liver transplantation.
Cytogenetic and molecular aberrations of multiple myeloma patients: a single-center study in Singapore
Authors: Lim Alvin Soon Tiong , Lim Tse Hui , See Karen Hsu Shien , Ng Yit Jun , Tan Yu Min , Choo Natasha Swee Lian , Lim Sherry Xin Er , Yee Yenny , Lau Lai Ching , Tien Sim Leng , Sathish Kumar , Tan Daryl Chen Lung 
Published: January 2024

Background
Much is known about the cytogenetic lesions that characterize multiple myeloma (MM) patients from the USA, Europe, and East Asia. However, little has been published about the disease among Southeast Asians. The aim of this study was to determine the chromosomal abnormalities of MM patients in our Singapore population.

Methods
Forty-five newly-diagnosed, morphologically confirmed patients comprising 18 males and 27 females, aged 46-84 years (median 65 years) were investigated by karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). FISH employing standard panel probes and 1p36/1q21 and 6q21/15q22 probes was performed on diagnostic bone marrow samples.

Results
Thirty-four cases (75.6%) had karyotypic abnormalities. Including FISH, a total detection rate of 91.1% was attained. Numerical and complex structural aberrations were common to both hyperdiploid and non-hyperdiploid patients. Numerical gains of several recurring chromosomes were frequent among hyperdiploid patients while structural rearrangements of several chromosomes including 8q24.1 and 14q32 characterized non-hyperdiploid patients. With FISH, immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene rearrangements, especially fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3)/IGH and RB1 deletion/monosomy 13 were the most common abnormalities (43.4%). Amplification 1q21 was 10 times more frequent (42.5%) than del(1p36) and del(6q21).

Conclusions
We have successfully reported the comprehensive cytogenetic profiling of a cohort of newly-diagnosed myeloma patients in our population. This study indicates that the genetic and cytogenetic abnormalities, and their frequencies, in our study group are generally similar to other populations.