bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing access to safely managed sanitation in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Chiwala Beatrice , Jacobs Choolwe , Makasa Mpundu , Silumbwe Adam , Wamunyima Monde Mercy , Zulu Joseph  Mumba 
Published: November 2023

Introduction Several interventions have been implemented to improve access for all to safely managed sanitation in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) since the beginning of the Sustainable Development Goals in September 2015. However, consolidated evidence on how such interventions worked or not worked remains limited. The proposed systematic review aims to synthesis evidence on how, why and under which circumstances the implementation of such sanitation interventions in SSA succeeded or failed so as to draw lessons for any future similar interventions. Methodology A systematic review protocol was designed and registered in PROSPERO – registration number CRD42023468109. Literature searches will be conducted in multiple electronic databases (from 2015 to 2023), including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, African Journal Online and Google scholar. Gray literature from ProQuest and Theses Global (PQTD) will also be searched. Other databases to be searched will be from IRIS- (WHO Digital Publications), United Nation Children Emergency Fund (UNICEF) and World Bank. Keyword searches will be used to identify articles. Peer-reviewed full text articles written in English and documenting how, why and in which contexts sanitation interventions improve access to safely managed sanitation will be considered eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers will independently screen eligible titles, abstracts and full articles with the third reviewer to help resolve any disputes. Assessment risk of bias in included studies will be appraised using the appropriate Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist for systematic review and disputes will be resolved through discussion and consensus. The narrative and thematic synthesis of findings will be conducted. Discussion Understanding how and why certain sanitation interventions contribute to safely managed sanitation in SSA could guide program implementers on how to design interventions that contribute to the attainment of Sustainable Development Goal number 6.2 of universal access for all to adequate and equitable sanitation. The review will further compliment the limited studies that focus only on sanitation in SSA.
Effectiveness and waning of protection with the BNT162b2 vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in immunocompromised individuals
Authors: Szekanecz Zoltán , Vokó Zoltán , Surján Orsolya , Rákóczi Éva , Szamosi Szilvia , Szűcs Gabriella , Szekanecz Éva , Müller Cecília , Kiss Zoltán 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionIn Hungary, the HUN-VE 3 study determined the comparative effectiveness of various primary and booster vaccination strategies during the Delta COVID-19 wave. That study included more than 8 million 18-100-year-old individuals from the beginning of the pandemic. Immunocompromised (IC) individuals have increased risk for COVID-19 and disease course might be more severe in them. In this study, we wished to estimate the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 related death in IC individuals compared to healthy ones and the effectiveness of the BNT162b2 vaccine by reassessing HUN-VE 3 data.Patients and methodsAmong the 8,087,988 individuals undergoing follow-up from the onset of the pandemic in the HUN-VE 3 cohort, we selected all the 263,116 patients with a diagnosis corresponding with IC and 6,128,518 controls from the second wave, before vaccinations started. The IC state was defined as two occurrences of corresponding ICD-10 codes in outpatient or inpatient claims data since 1 January, 2013. The control group included patients without chronic diseases. The data about vaccination, SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 related death were obtained from the National Public Health Center (NPHC) during the Delta wave. Cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were reported on a daily basis using a centralized system via the National Public Health Center (NPHC).ResultsOut of the 263,116 IC patients 12,055 patients (4.58%) and out of the 6,128,518 healthy controls 202,163 (3.30%) acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection. Altogether 436 IC patients and 2141 healthy controls died in relation to COVID-19. The crude incidence rate ratio (IRR) of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 1.40 (95%CI: 1.37-1.42) comparing IC patients to healthy controls. The crude mortality rate ratio was 4.75 (95%CI: 4.28-5.27). With respect to SARS-CoV-2 infection, interestingly, the BNT162b2 vaccine was more effective in IC patients compared to controls. Primary vaccine effectiveness (VE) was higher in IC patients compared to controls and the booster restored VE after waning. VE regarding COVID-19 related death was less in IC patients compared to healthy individuals. Booster vaccination increased VE against COVID-19-related death in both IC patients and healthy controls.ConclusionThere is increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 related mortality in IC patient. Moreover, booster vaccination using BNT162b2 might restore impaired VE in these individuals.
Dietary patterns in relation with nutritional outcomes and associated factors among adolescents: implications for context-specific dietary intervention for the Agrarian Community, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Agedew Eskezyiaw , Abebe Zeweter , Ayelign Abebe 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionDietary pattern analysis allows us to characterize the dietary intakes of individuals rather than nutrient intake data and strongly predicts disease risks. The relationship between food intake and adolescents’ nutritional health is not well understood yet. Therefore, this study aimed to generate evidence for context-specific dietary intervention for adolescents.ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine dietary patterns and their relationship with nutritional outcomes and identify the contributing factors among adolescents in the Agrarian Community of Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 622 randomly selected adolescents. Dietary data were collected over a 1-week recall period using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). After testing the basic assumptions, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine the dietary patterns. Anthropometric data on weight and height were collected to determine the nutritional status using WHO Anthroplus 2010 software. A chi-square test was conducted to evaluate the effect of different dietary patterns on nutritional outcomes. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors affecting the dietary patterns of adolescents.ResultThree types of dietary patterns, namely, traditional, mixed, and animal-source foods with traditional alcoholic beverage consumption were identified. These dietary patterns explain 58.64% of the variance in adolescent diet in the study setting. The burden of stunting was 15.12% vs. 11.21, 19.40% vs. 6.94, and 8.36% vs.17.97% among adolescents with lower traditional, mixed, and higher animal sources with alcoholic dietary pattern consumption habits, respectively (value of p &lt;0.05). Adolescents who resided in low-land agroecology (AOR = 2.44; 95% CL: 1.24, 4.81) and had access to animal-source foods (AOR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.60) were associated with lower consumption of traditional dietary patterns. Similarly, adolescents who resided in low-land (AOR = 1.80; 95% CI: 1.18, 2.74) had formal education (AOR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.35, 4.19) and had poor nutrition knowledge (AOR = 2.83; 95% CL: 1.55, 5.19) were associated with lower consumption of mixed dietary patterns. Moreover, adolescents residing in the high-land (AOR = 2.50; 95% CI: 1.37, 4.56) and being female (AOR =1.87; 95% CI: 1.27, 2.74) were significant factors associated with lower consumption of animal-sourced foods with traditional alcoholic beverage consumption patterns.ConclusionMultidimensional modifiable factors were explored that could be targeted for public health interventions for the identified dietary patterns. Integrated and multifaceted dietary intervention approaches are needed to promote healthy diets and discourage the consumption of unhealthy diets to reduce undernutrition in the study area and similar settings.
Ultra-deep Keck/MOSFIRE Spectroscopic Observations of z ∼ 2 Galaxies: Direct Oxygen Abundances and Nebular Excitation Properties
Authors: Clarke Leonardo , Shapley Alice , Sanders Ryan L. , Topping Michael W. , Jones Tucker , Kriek Mariska , Reddy Naveen A. , Stark Daniel P. , Tang Mengtao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Using deep near-infrared Keck/MOSFIRE observations, we analyze the rest-optical spectra of eight star-forming galaxies in the COSMOS and GOODS-N fields. We reach integration times of ∼10 hr in the deepest bands, pushing the limits on current ground-based observational capabilities. The targets fall into two redshift bins, of five galaxies at z ∼ 1.7 and three galaxies at z ∼ 2.5, and were selected as likely to yield significant auroral-line detections. Even with long integration times, detection of the auroral lines remains challenging. We stack the spectra together into subsets based on redshift, improving the signal-to-noise ratio on the [O iii]λ4364 auroral emission line and, in turn, enabling a direct measurement of the oxygen abundance for each stack. We compare these measurements to commonly employed strong-line ratios alongside measurements from the literature. We find that the stacks fall within the distribution of z > 1 literature measurements, but a larger sample size is needed to robustly constrain the relationships between strong-line ratios and oxygen abundance at high redshift. We additionally report detections of [O i]λ6302 for nine individual galaxies and composite spectra of 21 targets in the MOSFIRE pointings. We plot their line ratios on the [O iii]λ5008/Hβ versus [O i]λ6302/Hα diagnostic diagram, comparing our targets to local galaxies and H ii regions. We find that the [O i]/Hα ratios in our sample of galaxies are consistent with being produced in gas ionized by α-enhanced massive stars, as has been previously inferred for rapidly forming galaxies at early cosmic times.
Evidence of Ultrafaint Radio Frequency Interference in Deep 21 cm Epoch of Reionization Power Spectra with the Murchison Wide-field Array
Authors: Wilensky Michael J. , Morales Miguel F. , Hazelton Bryna J. , Star Pyxie L. , Barry Nichole , Byrne Ruby , Jordan C. H. , Jacobs Daniel C. , Pober Jonathan C. , Trott C. M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We present deep upper limits from the 2014 Murchison Widefield Array Phase I observing season, with a particular emphasis on identifying the spectral fingerprints of extremely faint radio frequency interference (RFI) contamination in the 21 cm power spectra (PS). After meticulous RFI excision involving a combination of the SSINS RFI flagger and a series of PS-based jackknife tests, our lowest upper limit on the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) 21 cm PS signal is Δ2 ≤ 1.61 × 104 mK2 at k = 0.258h Mpc−1 at a redshift of 7.1 using 14.7 hr of data. By leveraging our understanding of how even fainter RFI is likely to contaminate the EoR PS, we are able to identify ultrafaint RFI signals in the cylindrical PS. Surprisingly this signature is most obvious in PS formed with less than 1 hr of data, but is potentially subdominant to other systematics in multiple-hour integrations. Since the total RFI budget in a PS detection is quite strict, this nontrivial integration behavior suggests a need to more realistically model coherently integrated ultrafaint RFI in PS measurements so that its potential contribution to a future detection can be diagnosed.
Memória e identidade docente
Authors: Menezes Victória Sabbado 
Published: November 2023

O artigo tem como objetivo investigar o processo de constituição do imaginário da docência em Geografia a fim de analisar as fontes da permanência de um ensino tradicional e empirista deste componente curricular no espaço escolar. Para tanto, fundamenta-se nos conceitos de memória e identidade com o fito de problematizar as representações que os professores possuem acerca da profissão, da Geografia e do processo educativo. Representações estas que se originam desde as suas vivências na condição de aluno na escola e que influenciam o seu fazer pedagógico. O caminho metodológico envolve uma revisão bibliográfica centrada nos seguintes eixos basilares: memória, identidade, imaginário e ensino de Geografia. Adotou-se a abordagem (auto)biográfica em Educação como lente analítica para o estudo do imaginário da docência em Geografia, visto que concebe o percurso de vida como um percurso formativo que atua sobre a identidade pessoal e profissional. Portanto, evidencia-se que as memórias, sobretudo do itinerário de formação escolar, produzem um imaginário sobre o ser professor de Geografia que é pouco abalado ao longo da formação inicial docente e alimenta o processo identitário e os saberes e fazeres destes sujeitos na vida e na profissão, o que contribui para a naturalização de práticas empiristas nas posturas docentes.
Palavras-chave
Imaginário, Memória, Identidade docente, Ensino de Geografia.
Memory and teacher identity: a way to understand the teaching Geography
Abstract
This article aims to investigate the process of formation of the imaginary of geography teaching in order to analyze the sources of persistence of traditional and empiricist teaching of this subject at school. To this end, it is based on concepts of memory and identity with the purpose of problematizing representations that teachers have about the profession, geography, and the educational process. These representations originate from their own experiences as students in school and impact on their pedagogical practice. The methodological approach consists of a literature review focused on the following fundamental axes: memory, identity, imaginary and geography teaching. The (auto)biographical approach in Education was adopted as an analytical lens for studying the imaginary of geography teaching, since it conceives one’s life path as an educational pathway that acts on their professional and personal identity. Therefore, it is shown that memories, especially from the school education, create an imaginary of being a geography teacher, which is relatively unaffected throughout the initial teaching training and fuels these individuals’ identity process and their knowledge and practices in life and profession, contributing to the naturalization of empiricist practices in teachers’ attitudes.
Keywords
Imaginary, Memory, Teacher’s identity, Geography teaching.
ANALYZING THE CONNECTION BETWEEN GYMNAST'S STATURE AND MEDAL PERFORMANCE ON APPARATUSES IN MEN'S ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS
Authors: Bagci Emre 
Published: November 2023

In order to achieve success in sports, certain physical fitness characteristics are necessary. This study aims to determine whether a relationship exists between the height of male gymnasts who have won medals in the World Championships and Olympic Games in Artistic Gymnastics, and the apparatus on which they achieved those medals. Competitions in Men’s Artistic Gymnastics at World Championships and Olympic Games are held in six apparatuses for individuals: floor exercise, pommel horse, rings, vault, parallel bars and horizontal bar. Each apparatus follows specific rules for evaluating gymnastics routines. Airborne acrobatics dominate on floor and vault, while support holds prominence on pommel horse and parallel bars, and hanging manoeuvres characterize rings and the high bar. While a gymnast’s body height influences all forms of gymnastics, the question remains: who can rise to the top on each apparatus?
Within the scope of the research, the results between the years from 2009 to 2021 were examined. In this context, data from three Olympic Games (2012, 2016 and 2020) and nine World Championships (2009, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019) were used. The heights (251 sets of data) of the gymnasts who won medals in these competitions were evaluated.
While the shortest of the medal-winning gymnasts was 150cm tall (floor exercise and pommel horse) and the tallest 183cm (floor exercise and horizontal bar), the average height of the medal-winning gymnasts was 164.67cm (± 6.12). There is statistically significant difference between the heights of the gymnasts who won medals on apparatuses (p<0.05).
Pengembangan Media Trip Game Berbasis Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Materi Mata Uang pada Siswa Kelas II Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Chaerani Nabillah , Arini Novanita Whindi 
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan media pembelajaran Trip Game dalam pembelajaran matematika materi mata uang pada siswa kelas II sekolah dasar dan untuk mengetahui kelayakan media pembelajaran Trip Game dalam pembelajaran matematika materi mata uang pada siswa kelas II sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah R&D, serta dikembangkan dengan model penelitian ADDIE. Hasil pengembangan berupa produk Trip Game pada materi mata uang kelas II dengan sampel yang diambil yaitu siswa kelas II SDN Curug 5. Hasil uji validitas diperoleh skor ahli media 100% dan ahli materi 94% yang berarti sangat layak. Sedangkan untuk kepraktisan, diperoleh 91,18 % dari respon siswa dengan kriteria sangat layak. Berdasarkan uji paired t test diperoleh nilai sig. 0,000 sehingga nilai sig. < 0,05. Hasil uji N-Gain score menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata N-Gain score adalah 61,68% termasuk dalam kategori kriteria cukup efektif. Dengan nilai N-gain score minimal 25% dan maksimal 100%. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa media Trip game berada pada kategori cukup efektif untuk kegiatan pembelajaran matematika materi mata uang kelas II sekolah dasar.
Penerapan Hygiene dan Sanitasi dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Produk di Departemen Pastry Hotel Grand Tjokro Yogyakarta
Authors: Zakiah Siti , Maulida Ratna Gema , Yulianti Septi 
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang kebersihan dan sanitasi dalam proses pengolahan produk di Hotel Grand Tjokro di Yogykarta. Standar kebersihan dan sanitasi makanan, serta metode pengolahannya, akan berdampak pada kualitas produk yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian mengumpulkan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka. Wawancara dilakukan pada 2 orang yaitu, Asisten chef eksekutif, dan karyawan adalah sumber data penelitian ini. Penelitian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan pengetahuan dan wawasan lebih mendalam mengenai pentingnya melakukan standar Hygiene dan Sanitasi sebelum dan sesudah melakukan proses pengolahan produk agar tetap menghasilkan kualitas produk yang baik. Saran dari penulis dalam penelitian ini yaitu untuk para staf agar terus saling mengingatkan tentang penjaga Hygiene Personal dan Prosedural, serta terus melakukan pemeriksaan dan pelatihan rutin kepada setiap staf atau anak magang agar pemahaman tentang penerapan Hygiene dan Sanitasi ini dapat berjalan dengan lancar.
PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI TANDAN PISANG AMBON MENGGUNAKAN METODE FERMENTASI DENGAN BANTUAN MIKROORGANISME DAN DESTILASI AIR
Authors: Itsna Diah Kusumaningrum  , Melani Dewi  
Published: November 2023

Dalam tandan pisang diduga ada kandungan glukosa sebagai salah satu bahan baku untuk menghasilkan bioetanol. Tujuan penelitian yaitu peneliti ingin membuktikan bahwa tandan pisang Ambon (Musa paradisiaca var. Sapientum (L.) Kunt) menghasilkan bioetanol dengan menggunakan metode fermentasi dengan bantuan mikroorganisme Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan destilasi air. Metode fermentasi yang digunakan dengan bantuan mikroorganisme Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ragi tape NKL 15%. Sedangkan metode destilasi yang digunakan destilasi sederhana atau destilasi air labu alas bulat leher tiga. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan pra Eksperimen berupa posttest only Design / The One Shot Case Study perilakuan intervensi telah dilakukan (X), kemudian dilakukan pengukuran atau posttes.
Hasil destilat yang didapatkan 0,44 mL. Evaluasi hasil destilat tandan pisang Ambon dilakukan dengan cara menambahkan asam salisilat, asam sulfat pekat, lalu dipanaskan tecium bau metil salisilat (gondopuro), yang berarti hasil destilat mengandung bioetanol.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT KEPUASAN PASIEN TERHADAP PELAYANAN (KIE) OBAT OLEH APOTEKER DI UPTD PUSKESMAS PATEBON I
Authors: Y. B. Heru Dwi Purnomo, M.Sc., Apt.  , Itsna Diah Kusumaningrum  , Dra. Metta Dewi, M.Si.,Apt.  
Published: November 2023

Kepuasan adalah tingkat perasaan seseorang setelah membandingkan kinerja atau hasil yang dirasakan sesuai dengan harapannya. Kepuasan pasien menjadi salah satu satu faktor penentu dalam pelayanan KIE obat di UPTD Puskesmas Patebon I Kabupaten Kendal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi (KIE) obat oleh apoteker di UPTD Puskesmas Patebon I Kabupaten Kendal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan membagikan kuesioner secara langsung pada subyek peneliti sebanyak 97 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien sangat puas pada poin 1 (petugas menanggapi pasien dengan ramah dan tersenyum) sebanyak 52 (53,6%), dan pasien yang cukup puas pada poin 6 (petugas menyampaikan peringatan atau efek samping obat) sebanyak 47 (48,45%). Bagi UPTD Puskesmas Patebon I hendaknya petugas pelayanan obat menyampaikan efek samping dari obat, karena salah penggunaan obat juga berdampak buruk bagi pasien.
FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI GEL HAND SANITIZER KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KEMANGI (Ocimum basilicum L.) DAN DAUN JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantifolia)
Authors: Verawaty  , Irene Puspa Dewi  , Bernadet Indah Ayu Asmarita  
Published: November 2023

Antiseptik atau hand sanitizer bila digunakan terus menerus dapat mengakibatkan iritasi pada kulit karena menggunakan alkohol dan triklosan yang merupakan bahan kimia. Salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, dapat menggunakan daun kemangi dan daun jeruk nipis yang merupakan salah satu tanaman herbal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui stabilitas hand sanitizer dan aktivitas antibakteri dari sediaan gel hand sanitiser kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) dan daun jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia). Stabilitas fisik sediaan gel ditentukan berdasarkan pengamatan terhadap perubahan warna, bau, bentuk, pH dan homogenitas sediaan sebelum dan setelah penyimpanan selama 7, 14, dan 21 hari. Dari semua uji stabilitas, pengamatan uji bau, bentuk dan homogenitas sediaan dinyatakan stabil. Pada uji pH, setelah dilakukan penyimpanan selama 28 hari berada pada range kulit yaiu 4,5-6,5. Pada uji daya hambat bakteri hasil yang didapat diolah dengan program SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution) menggunakan uji anova (p<0.05) dan didapatkan hasil signifikansi sebesar 0.000 artinya nilai p (0.000) < (0.05) dengan rata-rata diameter daya hambat kelompok perbandingan 1:1 (1,35 cm), 1:3 (1,54 cm), 3:1 (1,06 cm), basis gel (1,10 cm), kontrol positif (1,39 cm), dan kontrol negatif (0 cm).