bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactions of Indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase‐expressing LAMP3+ dendritic cells with CD4+ regulatory T cells and CD8+ exhausted T cells: synergistically remodeling of the immunosuppressive microenvironment in cervical cancer and therapeutic implications
Authors: Qu Xinyu , Wang Yumeng , Jiang Qian , Ren Tingting , Guo Chenyan , Hua Keqin , Qiu Junjun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundCervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. Although immunotherapy has been applied in clinical practice, its therapeutic efficacy remains far from satisfactory, necessitating further investigation of the mechanism of CC immune remodeling and exploration of novel treatment targets. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of CC immune remodeling and explore potential therapeutic targets.MethodsWe conducted single‐cell RNA sequencing on a total of 17 clinical specimens, including normal cervical tissues, high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, and CC tissues. To validate our findings, we conducted multicolor immunohistochemical staining of CC tissues and constructed a subcutaneous tumorigenesis model in C57BL/6 mice using murine CC cell lines (TC1) to evaluate the effectiveness of combination therapy involving indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibition and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). We used the unpaired two‐tailed Student's t‐test, Mann‐Whitney test, or Kruskal‐Wallis test to compare continuous data between two groups and one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test to compare data between multiple groups.ResultsMalignant cervical epithelial cells did not manifest noticeable signs of tumor escape, whereas lysosomal‐associated membrane protein 3‐positive (LAMP3+) dendritic cells (DCs) in a mature state with immunoregulatory roles were found to express IDO1 and affect tryptophan metabolism. These cells interacted with both tumor‐reactive exhausted CD8+ T cells and CD4+ regulatory T cells, synergistically forming a vicious immunosuppressive cycle and mediating CC immune escape. Further validation through multicolor immunohistochemical staining showed co‐localization of neoantigen‐reactive T cells (CD3+, CD4+/CD8+, and PD‐1+) and LAMP3+ DCs (CD80+ and PD‐L1+). Additionally, a combination of the IDO1 inhibitor with an ICB agent significantly reduced tumor volume in the mouse model of CC compared with an ICB agent alone.ConclusionsOur study suggested that a combination treatment consisting of targeting IDO1 and ICB agent could improve the therapeutic efficacy of current CC immunotherapies. Additionally, our results provided crucial insights for designing drugs and conducting future clinical trials for CC.
Pulmonary artery aneurysm in a young female with Takayasu arteritis
Authors: Yingchoncharoen Pitchaporn , Eshak Nouran , Thongpiya Jerapas , Benjanuwattra Juthipong , Abdelnabi Mahmoud 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageIn suspected cases of systemic vasculitis, imaging studies should include the pulmonary artery. This is a rare case of Takayasu arteritis with a large pulmonary aneurysm. Medical management is the first line and vascular intervention if fails prior.AbstractTakayasu arteritis (TA) should be suspected in young women presented with hypertension, carotidynia, and claudications. Pulmonary artery involvement is frequent, occurring in 20%–50% of patients with TA. However, this case highlights the rare presentation of TA with a large pulmonary aneurysm and minimal aortic involvement. Medical management including immunosuppressive agents and biological therapies remains an important role, with vascular intervention remains as an option if medical therapy failed.
Multidisciplinary strategies for managing acute watery diarrhea in children with congenital anorectal malformation and colostomy: A case study
Authors: Amin Mohammad Ashraful , Manna Ridwana Maher , Nahin Sabrina , Hawlader Mohammad Delwer Hossain 
Published: October 2023

Key clinical messageCongenital anorectal malformation (ARM) is a diverse group of anomalies affecting the development of the anal and rectal regions, with an estimated incidence of one in every 5000 live births. The colostomy is commonly performed as part of the staged management of children with ARM to prevent complications. However, the presence of acute watery diarrhea in children with ARM and colostomy poses significant management challenges due to the altered anatomy and physiology affecting stool regulation and absorption, exacerbated by various factors including infections, dietary issues, medication side effects, and underlying gastrointestinal complications.This case study explores the complexities involved in managing acute watery diarrhea in children with congenital ARM and colostomy. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to examine the existing evidence on the subject. The study highlights the multidisciplinary approach required, involving pediatricians, surgeons, and other specialists, to provide comprehensive care and support for these children. Effective management of acute watery diarrhea in children with congenital ARM and colostomy necessitates collaboration between pediatricians and surgeons. Pediatricians play a crucial role in assessing hydration status, monitoring electrolyte balance, and providing appropriate fluid and nutritional management. Surgeons address the surgical aspects of care and coordinate interventions with the management of acute diarrhea. The study underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to deliver comprehensive care, optimize outcomes, and improve the quality of life for affected children. The management of acute watery diarrhea in children with congenital ARM and colostomy presents significant challenges due to the complex interplay of anatomical, physiological, and clinical factors. A multidisciplinary approach involving pediatricians, surgeons, and other specialists is vital for providing comprehensive care and support. This case study emphasizes the need for further research, guidelines, and collaborative efforts to enhance the management strategies for this vulnerable population.
A combined experimental and theoretical study of a novel corrosion inhibitor derived from thiophen
Authors: Resen Ali M. , Jasim Ayad N. , Qasim Heba S. , Hanoon Mahdi M. , Al‐Kaabi Mohammed H. H. , Al‐Amiery Ahmed A. , Al‐Azzawi Waleed K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, we synthesized a novel corrosion inhibitor derived from thiophene and conducted a comprehensive evaluation of its inhibitory properties through both experimental and theoretical approaches. Our investigation encompassed experimental assessments employing Mass loss tests and electrochemical techniques. Additionally, we performed computational studies to delve into the electronic structure and bonding characteristics of the inhibitor, aiming to elucidate its inhibitory mechanism. Our findings revealed that the synthesized inhibitor displayed remarkable inhibitory efficiency, demonstrating its effectiveness in preventing the corrosion of mild steel. Specifically, the thiophene derivative exhibited an impressive inhibitory efficiency of 92.8%, underscoring its potential as a robust corrosion inhibitor for mild steel. Furthermore, this study delved into optimizing the conditions for employing the thiophene derivative as a corrosion inhibitor. Our investigation revealed that the most effective inhibition was achieved at a concentration of 0.5 mM and a temperature of 303 K. To elucidate the interaction between the inhibitor and the mild steel surface, we applied the Langmuir adsorption isotherm concept, shedding light on both the physical and chemical adsorption processes of the thiophene derivative on the metal's surface. Our investigations demonstrated that the addition of the inhibitor significantly reduced the corrosion rate of the metal. Our computational results further reinforced these experimental findings, indicating that the inhibitor formed stable adsorption complexes on the metal surface. This dual confirmation from experimental and computational approaches strengthens the confidence in the inhibitor's efficacy in mitigating corrosion.
Pseudocapacitance‐Dominated MnNb2O6‐C Nanofiber Anode for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Cao Kangzhe , Wang Sitian , Ma Jiahui , Xing Xiaobing , Liu Xiaogang , Jiang Yong , Fan Yang , Liu Huiqiao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMnNb2O6 anode has attracted much attention owing to its unique properties for holding Li ions. Unluckily, its application as a Li‐ion battery anode is restricted by low capacity because of the inferior electronic conductivity and limited electron transfer. Previous studies suggest that structure and component optimization could improve its reversible capacity. This improvement is always companied by capacity increments, however, the reasons have rarely been identified. Herein, MnNb2O6‐C nanofibers (NFs) with MnNb2O6 nanoparticles (~15 nm) confined in carbon NFs, and the counterpart MnNb2O6 NFs consisting of larger nanoparticles (40–100 nm) are prepared by electrospinning for clarifying this phenomenon. The electrochemical evaluations indicate that the capacity achieved by the MnNb2O6 NF electrode presents an activation process and a degradation in subsequence. Meanwhile, the MnNb2O6‐C NF electrode delivers high reversible capacity and ultra‐stable cycling performance. Further analysis based on electrochemical behaviors and microstructure changes reveals that the partial structure rearrangement should be in charge of the capacity increment, mainly including pseudocapacitance increment. This work suggests that diminishing the dimensions of MnNb2O6 nanoparticles and further confining them in a matrix could increase the pseudocapacitance‐dominated capacity, providing a novel way to improve the reversible capacity of MnNb2O6 and other intercalation reaction anodes.
Framing, classification, and conceptual linkages: What can interdisciplinary practice in small secondary schools contribute to the curriculum conversation?
Authors: Termaat Annie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article reports on the design of interdisciplinary units in five International Baccalaureate schools in Norway and Denmark, each with fewer than 100 students in their Middle Years Programme. The mixed methods study describes subject combinations and time frames of 37 enacted units and 111 hypothetical interdisciplinary units, and the qualitative perspectives of nine teachers, representative of the curriculum frameworks' eight subject groups, on the contribution of these school‐based units to student learning. In the special context of schools with logistically simple staffing structures, interdisciplinary units were consistently conceived and enacted as substantial units, typically implemented over 8 weeks. Subjects were usually paired using a common Key Concept and differentiated by Related Concepts. Although framing and classification were considerations in interdisciplinary planning, the quantitative data found nearly every pairing of the subject groups was feasible. Interdisciplinary units were consistently valued by teachers for helping students connect disciplinary knowledge and developing metacognitive skills that supported their future learning, and for enriching teachers' own pedagogical practice. As a pragmatic, sustainable approach that resolves the tensions posed by assessment of disciplinary and interdisciplinary perspectives, the strategies reported in this study suggest a ‘middle way’ for countering the disciplinary fragmentation associated with junior secondary education.
Process optimization of IC engine testing: SiO2 nanoparticle dosed Azolla methyl ester
Authors: Kannan T. R. , Roji S. Sheeju Selva 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNanoparticles are now widely used in biodiesel‐diesel combinations for improving the engine performance and reduction of emissions. This present study investigates the Bio‐silica (Silicon‐dioxide, SiO2). The statistical and experimental study demonstrates the utilization of various levels of SiO2 in Azolla Biodiesel blend (ABD) with appropriate engine parameters such as fuel injection pressure, fuel injection timing and compression ratio for minimal emissions and optimal performance employing response surface approach. In a mixture of Azolla biodiesel and diesel, SiO2 nanoparticles were utilized at quantities of 25, 50, and 75 ppm. To determine the existence of Silicon‐dioxide, the produced nanoparticles were subjected to tests such as XRD, SEM, TEM, and EDS. The Response Surface optimizer was used with DOE L29 array and the engine predictors with a desirability value of 0.6180, were18.5°bTDC (IT), 238 Bar (IP), 17.1237 (CR), and 45.885 ppm SiO2 nanoparticle. The results were determined to be fit statistically and with high assurance levels. Thus, the addition of SiO2 nanoadditives along with aquatic fern Azolla oil methyl ester reduced the emission without affecting the engine performance.
Wireless monitoring of cell cultures based on light scattering: A novel optical scheme and portable prototype
Authors: Litunenko Daria N. , Moskalensky Alexander E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCell cultures are widely used in scientific research, biomedicine, and industry. When culturing, it is important to maintain certain conditions, including the concentration of cells. Monitoring of the culture growth and cell counting is an urgent task for the optimization of technological processes. Most existing methods require sampling from a culture flask. This procedure is time‐consuming and associated with the risks of contamination. We present a device able to monitor the growth of cells number in a suspension noninvasively. The device uses a laser beam that pass through the culture flask and measures the intensity of scattered light as a function of coordinate along the beam. This optical scheme allows one to obtain accurate results for both high‐ and low‐scattering samples. We constructed the wireless portable prototype for monitoring of cell culture growth directly in the incubator and demonstrated the applicability of the device for Jurkat cells and Escherichia coli bacteria.
On the order of antipodal covers
Authors: Wang Jianfeng , Zhang Wenqian , Wang Yiqiao , Stanić Zoran 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA noncomplete graph of diameter is called an antipodal ‐cover if its vertex set can be partitioned into the subsets (also called fibres) of vertices each, in such a way that two vertices of are at distance if and only if they belong to the same fibre. We say that is symmetric if for every , there exist such that , where . In this paper, we prove that, for , an antipodal ‐cover which is not a cycle, has at least vertices provided , and at least vertices provided it is symmetric. Our results extend those of Göbel and Veldman.
Raman spectroscopy as a tool for monitoring osteoporosis therapy in postmenopausal osteoporosis
Authors: Beattie J. Renwick , Towler Mark R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBisphosphonate‐based pharmacological therapy of osteoporosis reduces risk of fracture, but modulation of bone mineral density does not solely explain this. Additional bone quality aspects affecting fragility need to be better understood, alongside methods to monitor them. Systemic factors that influence bone collagen remodelling also remodel keratin in parallel processes. In this study, human fingernail clippings from subjects with and without bone active pharmaceutical intervention are compared. A discriminant model was able to distinguish between the nails from patients that were treatment‐naive and treated with an area under the curve of 71% in the test set. A time series of changes relative to baseline revealed that after 1 year, the scores of the treated group (95 confidence interval 37% to 377% change) differed from both the 12 week measurements (−198% to 34%) and scores from untreated subjects (−92% to −674%). Analysis of the spectral differences and model coefficients revealed features that were inverse to those observed in three previous osteoporosis models, indicating that treatment was reverting damaged protein structure. This study provides preliminary evidence that bone active medication systemically influences keratin structure in humans and provides some discussion on the underlying mechanism. The study demonstrates that bisphosphonates have a direct influence on protein structure, warranting further investigation of these effects.
Job strain, occupation, and bladder health among women
Authors: Brady Sonya S. , Arguedas Andrés , Huling Jared D. , Hellemann Gerhard , Lewis Cora E. , Fok Cynthia S. , Van Den Eeden Stephen K. , Markland Alayne D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesLower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common among employed women. An underexplored topic is whether characteristics of women's occupations may influence LUTS. The present study examined whether job strain and its individual components (psychological demands, decision latitude) were associated with greater LUTS and their impact and whether, compared to managerial and professional occupations, occupations characterized by manual labor, sales, service, nursing, and teaching were associated with greater LUTS and their impact.MethodsCoronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults cohort study data were analyzed. Job strain and occupation were assessed in 1987–88 and 1995–96. In 2012–13, LUTS and their impact were assessed. LUTS/impact category (a composite variable ranging from bladder health to mild, moderate, and severe LUTS/impact) was regressed on job strain and occupation in separate analyses, adjusting for age, race, parity, education, and financial hardship (n = 1006).ResultsJob strain and its individual components were not associated with LUTS/impact. In comparison to managerial and professional occupations, service occupations in 1987–88 and 1995–96 were both associated with greater odds of LUTS/impact in proportional odds logistic regression analyses. Employment as a nurse, health assistant, or health aide in 1995‐96 was associated with greater odds of any LUTS/impact versus bladder health. Support positions in 1987–88 and sales positions in 1995–96 were associated with greater odds of moderate or severe LUTS/impact versus bladder health or mild LUTS/impact.ConclusionsFuture research should examine characteristics of workplaces that may promote or constrain bladder health (e.g., time and autonomy to void when desired, infrastructure to void).
Understanding nonprofit leader engagement and turnover: A story of job demands and resources
Authors: Thomas Benjamin J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNonprofit groups deeply rely on their executives to fulfill a demanding, often isolated, role leading the group in carrying out its mission. Although much research has focused on the effects of these leaders and great investment has been made in developing a talent pool to fill nonprofit leadership needs, almost no research has explored the experiences of nonprofit executives themselves. For nonprofit boards and nonprofit leadership development programs, this is a serious deficit in understanding the factors that drive engagement or withdrawal from the job. This paper reports the results of a two‐phase mixed methods research study that applied the Job‐Demands Resources (JD‐R) Model to understanding the energizing and depleting elements of professional life as a nonprofit executive. Phase 1 featured in‐depth, firsthand interviews with nonprofit executives from a variety of groups. Phase 2 progressed the research with a quantitative analysis of survey responses from more than 100 active nonprofit leaders. The results of both studies reveal important insights to supportively motivate and retain these critical executives: (1) leaders fulfill very unique jobs, although the JD‐R model can provide an organizing framework for understanding their depleting demands and energizing resources; (2). Boards of Directors can act as a demand or a resource, and executives' (dis)satisfaction with their Boards importantly predicts turnover and burnout; (3) executives need more social support in doing a sometimes lonely job. Limitations and future directions for research are also discussed.
Comparison of modelling approaches for the bending behaviour of fibre‐reinforced thermoplastics in finite element forming analyses
Authors: Kabala Philipp , Middelhoff Jan , Voigt Dominik , Dröder Klaus , Hürkamp André 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the forming of thermoplastic composite laminates, the temperature‐dependent bending behaviour plays a significant role, in addition to in‐plane tension, in‐plane shear and ply/ply as well as tool/ply friction. The bending properties are decoupled from the in‐plane properties. Classical beam theories are therefore not valid for laminates, as they significantly overestimate the bending stiffness, especially in the molten state. Various approaches to modelling the bending behaviour have been presented in the literature, which can be used to model the out‐of‐plane properties for simulation. With these approaches, a parameter optimisation based on experimental deflection curves is performed through cantilever beam tests. A comparative analysis is then carried out to evaluate the suitability of a temperature and direction dependent modelling of the bending behaviour, the influence of the in‐plane properties and the computation time.
Meflin is a marker of pancreatic stellate cells involved in fibrosis and epithelial regeneration in the pancreas
Authors: Ando Ryota , Shiraki Yukihiro , Miyai Yuki , Shimizu Hiroki , Furuhashi Kazuhiro , Minatoguchi Shun , Kato Katsuhiro , Kato Akira , Iida Tadashi , Mizutani Yasuyuki , Ito Kisuke , Asai Naoya , Mii Shinji , Esaki Nobutoshi , Takahashi Masahide , Enomoto Atsushi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are stromal cells in the pancreas that play an important role in pancreatic pathology. In chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), PSCs are known to get activated to form myofibroblasts or cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that promote stromal fibroinflammatory reactions. However, previous studies on PSCs were mainly based on the findings obtained using ex vivo expanded PSCs, with few studies that addressed the significance of in situ tissue‐resident PSCs using animal models. Their contributions to fibrotic reactions in CP and PDAC are also lesser‐known. These limitations in our understanding of PSC biology have been attributed to the lack of specific molecular markers of PSCs. Herein, we established Meflin (Islr), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored membrane protein, as a PSC‐specific marker in both mouse and human by using human pancreatic tissue samples and Meflin reporter mice. Meflin‐positive (Meflin+) cells contain lipid droplets and express the conventional PSC marker Desmin in normal mouse pancreas, with some cells also positive for Gli1, the marker of pancreatic tissue‐resident fibroblasts. Three‐dimensional analysis of the cleared pancreas of Meflin reporter mice showed that Meflin+ PSCs have long and thin cytoplasmic protrusions, and are localised on the abluminal side of vessels in the normal pancreas. Lineage tracing experiments revealed that Meflin+ PSCs constitute one of the origins of fibroblasts and CAFs in CP and PDAC, respectively. In these diseases, Meflin+ PSC‐derived fibroblasts showed a distinctive morphology and distribution from Meflin+ PSCs in the normal pancreas. Furthermore, we showed that the genetic depletion of Meflin+ PSCs accelerated fibrosis and attenuated epithelial regeneration and stromal R‐spondin 3 expression, thereby implying that Meflin+ PSCs and their lineage cells may support tissue recovery and Wnt/R‐spondin signalling after pancreatic injury and PDAC development. Together, these data indicate that Meflin may be a marker specific to tissue‐resident PSCs and useful for studying their biology in both health and disease. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.