bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methodological insights into intervention and outcomes in randomised controlled trials of herbal medicine for obesity: a scoping review
Authors: Chan Janice Sue Wen , Lau Mei Siu , Muhamad Rosli Siti Hajar , Mustapha Kamal Siti Khadijah , Wan Seman Wan Nurul Nadia , Ali Nurul Hidayah , Tan Terence Yew Chin , Ahmad Ida Farah , Krishnan Puspawathy , Borhan Marisa Khatijah , Syed Mohamed Ami Fazlin , Lim Xin Yi 
Published: February 2025

Background: With rising obesity rates worldwide, clinical trials focused on identifying effective treatments are increasing. While guidelines exist for pharmaceutical drugs targeting obesity, there are none for herbal medicine clinical trials for anti-obesity. Both industries refer to the same guidelines for clinical trials. Objectives: This scoping review aimed to gather information from herbal medicine anti-obesity randomised controlled trials (RCTs), analyse the methodologies and assess their alignment with international guidelines. Eligibility criteria: This review included RCTs of participants of all ages with obesity utilising herbal medicine with any comparators and focusing on various outcome measures. Sources of evidence: Only published journal articles were included. Charting methods: Articles were extracted from MEDLINE, CENTRAL and EMBASE using predetermined keywords. Relevant data, such as the study characteristics, types of herbal interventions and controls, treatment durations, outcome measures and safety monitoring methods were recorded in a table format for comparative analysis. Results: We included 99 RCTs that showed participant sample sizes ranging from 8 to 182, ages 18 to 80 years and body mass indexes (BMIs) between 25 and 49.9 kg/m2. Herbal interventions used single herbs ( n = 57) and mixtures ( n = 42), given for 14 days to 56 weeks. Studies implementing diet modifications include restricted calorie diets ( n = 35), food-portion controlled diets ( n = 7) and fixed calorie diets ( n = 7). Of the 28 studies implementing exercise, most were of moderate intensity ( n = 22). All studies collected BMI and weight as primary outcomes. Body fat composition was measured in over 50% of studies using a body analyser ( n = 57). Waist, hip and abdominal circumferences were infrequently measured. Radiological tools used include dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ( n = 16), computed tomography scans ( n = 10) and ultrasound ( n = 2). Safety monitoring methods were reported in most studies ( n = 76). Conclusion: In conclusion, almost 50% of the studies adhered to international pharmaceutical clinical trial guidelines, addressing dietary, lifestyle, physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors. Nonetheless, more herbal anti-obesity studies need to consider the assessment of weight maintenance.
Assessment of Problem-Based Learning Acceptance and Associated Factors Among School of Nursing Students at Wachemo University, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Heliso Asnakech Zekiwos , Babore Getachaw Ossabo , Ashine Taye Mezgebu , Birhanu Bethlehem , Anose Bereket Hegeno , Saliya Sentayehu Admasu , Ezo Ereta Elias , Girma Hailu Awoka 
Published: February 2025

Background Problem-based learning (PBL) was introduced over half a century ago and accepted as a cornerstone in many medical education curriculums. Since there was no similar study in Ethiopia, this study assessed the gap of acceptance and associated factors among a school of nursing students at Wachemo University, Central Ethiopia. Objective To assess PBL acceptance and associated factors among school of nursing students at Wachemo University, Central Ethiopia. Method and Material This study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach among 200 students who were enrolled in PBL at Wachemo University School of Nursing from July 30, 2023 to August 30, 2023. Data were collected using a pre-tested self-administered questionnaire. The data were entered using Epi-Data version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. A descriptive analysis was done by computing proportion and cross-tabulation. Then the findings were described by using frequency, tables, and figures. Binary logistic regression was employed at p-value <.25 to identify variables that had a statistical association with PBL acceptance. Considering the candidate variables that were statistically significant in bivariate analysis, multivariate analyses were performed to determine the association between the outcome variable and each independent variable. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were done to identify factors having an association with PBL acceptance. Variables whose p < .05 are considered for statistical significance. Results In this study, 58.5% [95% CI 52.5–65.5] of the respondents accepted PBL as a teaching-learning strategy. Being female (AOR = 4.8 [95% CI 2.80–10.11]), study year (AOR = 2.92 [95% CI 1.85–5.65]) and computer access in the learning environment (AOR = 2.42 [95% CI 1.01–5.43]) were found to be associated with PBL. Conclusion The result of this study revealed that PBL acceptance among nursing students was high. Being female, study year and Computer access in the learning environment were factors associated with PBL.
The correlation between the expression of androgen receptor splice variant-7 (AR-V7) protein with the time of occurrence of castration-resistant prostate cancer and overall survival in prostate cancer in Indonesian population
Authors: Soerohardjo Indrawarman , Pikatan Narpati Wesa , Zulfiqqar Andy , Widodo Irianiwati , Heriyanto Didik Setyo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Prostate cancer follows a natural trajectory characterized by genetic alterations that transform initially hormone-sensitive cancer cells into castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which is associated with high mortality. This study endeavours to elucidate the predictive role of androgen receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7) protein expression in determining the time to CRPC onset and overall survival in prostate cancer patients.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study utilized paraffin-embedded tissue block samples collected from prostate cancer patients undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital between 2016 and 2022 (n = 47). AR-V7 protein expression was assessed via immunohistochemistry. Time to CRPC and overall survival were subjected to Log- Rank analysis and Cox regression.

Results
Patients exhibiting AR-V7 + protein expression experienced a considerably shorter time to CRPC onset compared to those with AR-V7-expression (21.13 vs. 40.05 months; p-value = 0.020). In the assessment of overall survival, patients with AR-V7 + protein expression demonstrated significantly poorer overall survival rates in contrast to those with AR-V7-expression (17.00 vs. 22.00 months; p = 0.00).

Conclusions
Diminished AR-V7 + protein expression emerges as a predictive indicator for a shortened time to CRPC onset. Moreover, AR-V7 protein expression holds prognostic value in predicting overall survival among prostate cancer patients.
Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal critical gene regulatory network in response to drought stress in Dendrobium nobile Lindl
Authors: Lv Chaoyan , He Ya , Jiang Zaiqian , Hu Wenjia , Zhang Mei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background

Dendrobium nobile Lindl belongs to the genus Dendrobium of the orchid family and is a valuable herbal medicine. Drought stress severely affects the growth of D. nobile Lindl; however, the specific regulatory mechanisms have not yet been elucidated.

Results
In the present study, we conducted a combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis of D. nobile Lindl stems under different drought stress conditions. Global transcriptomic changes were detected in Dendrobium under different drought stress conditions. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were enriched in plant hormone signal transduction; cutin, suberin, and wax biosynthesis; starch and sucrose metabolism; and the biosynthesis of various plant secondary metabolites. The differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs) detected using STEM analysis were enriched in pathways associated with glucosinolate biosynthesis and cyanoamino acid metabolism. We constructed a regulatory network for the drought tolerance of Dendrobium by weighted gene co-expression analysis.

Conclusions
The results showed that arginine and proline metabolism, glucosinolate biosynthesis and tyrosine metabolism pathways participated in regulating drought stress in D. nobile Lindl. Our study provides a theoretical basis for studying the drought resistance mechanisms in Dendrobium.
Left atrial strain predicts paroxysmal atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation: a 1-year study using three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography
Authors: Zhang Rui , Li He , Wang Yan , Yu Tianle , Li Jiacheng , Wu Yumeng , Yu Zhiwen , Liang Cuixing , Yu Dan , Xue Li 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is a widely employed method for restoring sinus rhythm(SR) in patients with drug-refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). Three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3DSTE) is a precise and practical imaging technique for clinically assessing myocardial function in the left atrium. The objective of this study was to assess alterations in three-dimensional strains and predict recurrence in patients with PAF following RFCA.

Methods
A total of 109 patients diagnosed with drug-refractory PAF and scheduled for RFCA were included in this study between September 2019 and June 2022. Conventional echocardiography and 3DSTE were performed prior to and one year(median period of 12.2 months) after RFCA. Global three-dimensional left atrial (LA) strain parameters, along with those of the left ventricle, were measured and analyzed statistically. The primary study endpoint was the recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF).

Results
Among the 109 patients, 78 maintained a stable SR during the one-year follow-up after RFCA, while 31 experienced a recurrence of AF. Notably, patients who sustained SR demonstrated significant improvements in various LA strain parameters, including reservoir, pump, and conduit functions, compared to both their preoperative levels and those of patients who experienced recurrence(p < 0.05). Additionally, patients with sustained SR exhibited a significant reduction in LA volume compared to those with recurrence(p = 0.003). Furthermore, left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) and left ventricular global area strain (LVGAS) of the left ventricle showed improvement while maintaining a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after RFCA(p < 0.05). Our multivariate regression analysis revealed that left atrial reservoir strain (LASr) independently predicted the recurrence of AF [odds ratio (OR), 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05–1.35, p = 0.005]. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve showed that the area under the curve(AUC) for LASr in assessing the risk of recurrence after RFCA in patients with PAF was 0.70 ( 95% CI, 0.60–0.81, P = 0.001). The calculated cutoff value was 16.5%.

Conclusions
RFCA plays a pivotal role in preserving SR and restoring LA function in patients with PAF. 3D-STE is highly effective for post-RFCA prognostic assessment. LASr, a predictive marker for the recurrence of PAF assists in the stratification of risk and contributes to informed treatment decisions, offering valuable points of reference.
Potentially traumatic childbirth experience, childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, and the parent-infant relationship in non-birthing parents
Authors: Hunter Rebecca , De Pascalis Leonardo , Anders Kieran , Slade Pauline 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Non-birthing parents are typically present for the birth of their infants. Evidence suggests that some non-birthing parents may experience witnessing childbirth as traumatic, with some going on to develop childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder (CB-PTSD). This study aimed to explore the associations between non-birthing parents’ experiences of childbirth, symptoms of CB-PTSD, and the parent-infant relationship. The COVID-19 pandemic context is considered throughout the study, although it must be noted that most data were not collected during UK lockdown restrictions.

Methods
A cross-sectional design was utilised. Participants were non-birthing parents who were present for the birth of their first infant, aged between 6 weeks and 12 months old. Participants were recruited through social media platforms via third-sector organisations, namely Dad Matters; a Home-Start project and The Birth Trauma Association. A total of 312 non-birthing parents provided demographic details and obstetric details of the mother’s birth. They also completed questionnaires about their experiences of the birth they were present for, CB-PTSD symptoms, and levels of warmth and invasion in the parent-infant relationship.

Results
Within this sample, 49% experienced the birth they were present for as potentially traumatic. Moreover, 10.1% met clinical criteria for CB-PTSD symptoms, and an additional 7% met sub-clinical criteria. Non-birthing parents who experienced birth as potentially traumatic reported significantly higher CB-PTSD symptoms and felt a greater sense of invasion in relation to their infant. However, levels of warmth in the parent-infant relationship were not statistically different between the two groups. CB-PTSD symptoms had significant associations with invasion but not with warmth, and they mediated the relationship between possible birth trauma and invasion in the parent-infant relationship.

Conclusions
This study’s sample revealed a substantial proportion of non-birthing parents experiencing birth as potentially traumatic, with 10.1% meeting CB-PTSD criteria, a higher incidence than previously reported in the literature. This may be attributed the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic. CB-PTSD symptoms were negatively associated with feelings of invasion in the parent-infant relationship, but not with warmth. Future research should aim to replicate this study design with routine samples of non-birthing parents recruited from maternity settings.
Most oncological pancreas resections must consider the mesopancreas
Authors: Safi S. A. , David S. , Haeberle L. , Vaghiri S. , Luedde T. , Roderburg C. , Esposito I. , Fluegen G. , Knoefel W. T. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
In preoperative staging for patients with a ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head (PDAC), resectability is anatomically characterized by the possible clearance of the medial vascular grove. Borderline resectable PDAC patients who retain an increased risk of infiltration to the portomesenteric system and/or arterial vasculate are candidates for neoadjuvant therapy. However, redefined pathological analysis revealed the dorsal resection margin to be similar at risk for R1 resection. Mesopancreatic excision (MPE) aims to secure the integrity of the dorsal and ventral resection margins. The existence of the mesopancreas (MP) is inevitable, since the pancreas is of a secondary retroperitoneal nature and the dorsal as well as ventral fascial coverings define the peripancreatic compartment anatomy. It remains unknown if the MP area is only infiltrated in high-risk PDAC patients or if MPE during pancreatoduodenectomy should be employed for localized PDAC patients as well.

Methods
Patients who underwent upfront pancreatoduodenectomy were included. CRM evaluation and analysis of the MP was standardized in all patients. Patients were sub-grouped by the infiltration status of the vascular groove (localized disease: LOC). In LOC patients there was evidently no cancerous infiltration into the medial vascular groove (true + primary resectable).

Results
Two hundred eighty-four consecutive patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy were included (169 LOC patients). In LOC patients the MP infiltration rate remained high but was significantly lower when compared to advanced PDAC patients (MP + 69.2% vs. 83.5%, p = 0.005). In LOC patients, CRM resection status of the dorsal resection status remained significantly affected by the MP infiltration status (R0CRM– 80.5% vs. 62.8%, p = 0.019).

Conclusion
These important findings clearly show underestimated tumor extensions into the mesopancreas even in localized, primary resectable PDAC patients who are currently amenable for upfront resection. Synergistically to total mesorectal or mesocolic excision, which is applied to all stages of colorectal disease, MPE is justified in primary resectable patients as well. Therefore, MPE should be employed in all PDAC patients. Since the infiltration status of the mesopancreas was a significant factor for incomplete resection in primary resectable PDAC patients, neoadjuvant treatment options for must be discussed.
Associations between media parenting practices and early adolescent consumption of R-rated movies and mature-rated video games
Authors: Nagata Jason M. , Li Karen , Sui Shirley S. , Talebloo Jonanne , Otmar Christopher D. , Shao Iris Yuefan , Kiss Orsolya , Ganson Kyle T. , Testa Alexander , He Jinbo , Baker Fiona C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
To assess whether specific parent media practices are associated with the consumption of R-rated (restricted) movies and mature-rated video game use in early adolescents.

Methods
Data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N = 10,054, 12–13 years, Year 3, 2019–2021) were analyzed. Ordinal logistic regression models were used to assess associations among media parenting practices and R-rated movies or mature-rated video game use, adjusting for potential confounders.

Results
Parental allowance of bedroom screen use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.36–1.53), family mealtime screen use (AOR 1.19, 95% CI 1.13–1.25), and parent screen use (AOR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03–1.20) were positively associated with watching R-rated movies. Parental allowance of bedroom screen use (AOR 1.44, 95% CI 1.36–1.52), family mealtime screen use (AOR 1.26, 95% CI 1.19–1.32), and parent screen use (AOR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02–1.20) were positively associated with playing mature-rated video games. Greater parental monitoring and limiting of screen time were negatively associated with watching R-rated movies (AOR 0.81, 95% CI 0.77–0.85 and AOR 0.73, 95% CI 0.68–0.79 respectively) and playing mature-rated video games (AOR 0.81, 95% CI 0.77–0.86 and AOR 0.72, 95% CI 0.67–0.77). Restricting screen time as a punishment for misbehavior was linked to a higher odds of watching R-rated movies (AOR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01–1.11) and playing mature-rated video games (AOR 1.12, 95% CI 1.07–1.17) while offering screen time to reward for good behavior was negatively associated with watching R-rated movies (AOR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90–0.99).

Conclusions
Media parenting practices such as monitoring or limiting screen use are significantly associated with playing mature-rated video games and watching R-rated movies. Punitive measures, such as restricting screen time as a punishment are slightly associated with increased engagement with such content. These findings highlight the importance of intentional and thoughtful parental strategies in managing children’s media consumption effectively.
Stepping into adulthood: pediatric cancer survivors and their parents’ perspectives on the transition from pediatric to adult care
Authors: Ekaterina Aleshchenko , Thorsten Langer , Gabriele Calaminus , Juliane Glogner , Swart Enno , Baust Katja 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims
The transition from pediatric to adult healthcare is crucial for adolescent cancer survivors due to the potential lifelong late effects of their treatment. Despite the importance of ongoing follow-up care, attendance often declines after transitioning to adult services. This study explores the perspectives of adolescent and adult pediatric cancer survivors and their families on this transition process.

Methods
Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour, we developed interview guidelines and conducted 36 episodic narrative interviews with survivors and their parents. Our analysis focuses on their transition experiences and expectations, as part of the broader VersKiK-Study aimed at improving (long-term) follow-up care for pediatric cancer survivors in Germany.

Results
Findings show that although transitioning is viewed as a significant step toward adulthood, a lack of preparedness and anxiety can hinder a shift between healthcare systems. Survivors expressed the need to initiate the transition process while still under pediatric care. Clear and effective communication was identified as key to ensuring a smooth transition. Adult survivors acknowledged the transition's importance in fostering self-reliance and independence.

Conclusions
To facilitate better outcomes, transition planning should include early introductions to adult care providers and strong communication strategies to address the emotional and psychosocial challenges faced by adolescent cancer survivors. Aligning transition practices with the needs and concerns of survivors could enhance follow-up care engagement, ultimately improving long-term outcomes for pediatric cancer survivors.
Upadacitinib in active non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: 2-year data from the phase 3 SELECT-AXIS 2 study
Authors: Van den Bosch Filip , Deodhar Atul , Poddubnyy Denis , Maksymowych Walter P. , van der Heijde Désirée , Kim Tae-Hwan , Kishimoto Mitsumasa , Baraliakos Xenofon , Bu Xianwei , Lagunes-Galindo Ivan , Song In-Ho , Wung Peter , Kato Koji , Shmagel Anna 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
In SELECT-AXIS 2, upadacitinib improved the signs and symptoms of active non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) through 52 weeks versus placebo and was well tolerated. Here, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib through 2 years.

Methods
The study enrolled eligible adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of nr-axSpA who met the 2009 Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) classification criteria and had objective signs of active inflammation on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of sacroiliac joints and/or high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive double-blinded treatment with upadacitinib 15 mg once daily (QD) or placebo for 52 weeks, after which all patients received open-label treatment with upadacitinib 15 mg QD. Efficacy results over 104 weeks were reported as observed (AO) and either AO with non-responder imputation (AO-NRI; binary endpoints) or AO with mixed-effect model for repeated measures (continuous endpoints). Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were summarized through week 104.

Results
Of 313 patients randomized and treated, 224 (continuous upadacitinib n = 117; placebo/upadacitinib n = 107) completed 104 weeks of treatment. In patients who received continuous upadacitinib, sustained improvement was observed through 2 years of treatment across efficacy endpoints including disease activity, pain, function, enthesitis, quality of life, and MRI measures of inflammation. At week 104, 57.1%, 59.0%, and 31.4% of patients achieved ASAS40 response, and low disease activity and inactive disease (as defined by Axial Spondyloarthritis Disease Activity Score), respectively (AO-NRI); week 104 outcomes were generally similar in patients who initially received placebo and were switched to upadacitinib at week 52. In total, 286 patients were exposed to ≥ 1 dose of upadacitinib, comprising 378.3 patient-years (PY) of exposure. Upadacitinib was generally well tolerated, with exposure-adjusted event rates (EAERs) for TEAEs, serious adverse events (AEs), and AEs leading to study drug discontinuation of 207.5, 8.7, and 5.3 events/100 PY, respectively. EAERs of TEAEs of special interest were broadly consistent with those reported through week 52.

Conclusions
Treatment with upadacitinib demonstrated consistent improvement and maintenance of treatment effect across efficacy endpoints through 2 years; no new safety signals were identified with additional exposure.

Trial registration
NCT04169373.