bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutritional response of sugar maple seedlings to water stress under highly nitrogen‐enriched soil conditions
Authors: Masson Eva , Mekontchou Claudele Ghotsa , Cogliastro Alain , Houle Daniel , Rivest David 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundTemperate forests of eastern North America will be increasingly affected by chronic atmospheric nitrogen deposition, elevated temperatures, and drought events that will expose trees to moisture‐stressed conditions in non‐nitrogen‐limited soils. Yet, little is known regarding the response of sugar maple‐dominated forests to moisture stress under non‐nitrogen‐limiting conditions.AimsThe objective of this greenhouse study was to analyze the effects of moisture stress on the nutrition and growth of sugar maple seedlings growing on base‐poor forest soils that were strongly fertilized with nitrogen.MethodsOne‐year‐old sugar maple seedlings were grown with and without water stress on soils from a sugar maple stand that had been fertilized for 15 years at a rate of 85 kg N ha−1 y−1.ResultsDecreased moisture availability decreased total, leaf, root and stem biomass, and root/stem ratio. Leaf concentrations of N, P, Ca, and Mg and root concentrations of K, Ca, and Mg were 6% to 23% significantly lower under stressed versus unstressed conditions despite no changes in N, P, K, and Mg concentrations in the soil. Only soil Ca concentration was negatively affected by the moisture stress treatment. Soil and leaf δ15N and the k‐factor (i.e., isotopic discrimination effect of 15N‐labeled sources of N between roots and soil) that was used to assess N‐use efficiency of sugar maple seedlings did not differ between water stress treatments.ConclusionsOur results indicate that decreasing root biomass of sugar maple seedlings under moisture stress in non‐nitrogen‐limiting situations would decrease their ability to take up nutrients that are necessary for growth and induce lower concentrations in leaves and roots. Expected severe drought events could substantially limit nutrient uptake capacity of sugar maple seedlings on sites that are subject to chronic atmospheric N‐deposition, which would contribute to dieback in sugar maple stands.
Remainder terms of a nonlocal Sobolev inequality
Authors: Deng Shengbing , Tian Xingliang , Yang Minbo , Zhao Shunneng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this note, we study a nonlocal version of the Sobolev inequalitywhere is the best constant, denotes the standard convolution and denotes the classical Sobolev space with respect to the norm . By using the nondegeneracy property of the extremal functions, we prove that the existence of the gradient type remainder term and a reminder term in the weak ‐norm of above inequality for all with .
Comparison of volumetric modulated arc therapy and helical tomotherapy for prostate cancer using Pareto fronts
Authors: Wüthrich Diana , Wang Zirun , Zeverino Michele , Bourhis Jean , Bochud François , Moeckli Raphaël 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundStudies comparing different radiotherapy treatment techniques—such as volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and helical tomotherapy (HT)—typically compare one treatment plan per technique. Often, some dose metrics favor one plan and others favor the other, so the final plan decision involves subjective preferences. Pareto front comparisons provide a more objective framework for comparing different treatment techniques. A Pareto front is the set of all treatment plans where improvement in one criterion is possible only by worsening another criterion. However, different Pareto fronts can be obtained depending on the chosen machine settings.PurposeTo compare VMAT and HT using Pareto fronts and blind expert evaluation, to explain the observed differences, and to illustrate limitations of using Pareto fronts.MethodsWe generated Pareto fronts for twenty‐four prostate cancer patients treated at our clinic for VMAT and HT techniques using an in‐house script that controlled a commercial treatment planning system. We varied the PTV under‐coverage (100% ‐ V95%) and the rectum mean dose, and fixed the mean doses to the bladder and femoral heads. In order to ensure a fair comparison, those fixed mean doses were the same for the two treatment techniques and the sets of objective functions were chosen so that the conformity indexes of the two treatment techniques were also the same. We used the same machine settings as are used in our clinic. Then, we compared the VMAT and HT Pareto fronts using a specific metric (clinical distance measure) and validated the comparison using a blinded expert evaluation of treatment plans on these fronts for all patients in the cohort. Furthermore, we investigated the observed differences between VMAT and HT and pointed out limitations of using Pareto fronts.ResultsBoth clinical distance and blind treatment plan comparison showed that VMAT Pareto fronts were better than HT fronts. VMAT fronts for 10 and 6 MV beam energy were almost identical. HT fronts improved with different machine settings, but were still inferior to VMAT fronts.ConclusionsThat VMAT Pareto fronts are better than HT fronts may be explained by the fact that the linear accelerator can rapidly vary the dose rate. This is an advantage in simple geometries that might vanish in more complex geometries. Furthermore, one should be cautious when speaking about Pareto optimal plans as the best possible plans, as their calculation depends on many parameters.
Patients' experiences of day surgery and recovery: A meta‐ethnography
Authors: Thoen Cathrine Ween , Sæle Monica , Strandberg Ragnhild Bjarkøy , Eide Petrin Hege , Kinn Liv Grethe 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo explore and synthesise findings from qualitative studies on adult patients' experiences of day surgery and the processes of recovery.BackgroundThere has been a shift in the practice of elective surgery, from inpatient to ambulatory treatment. Accordingly, more patients are undergoing day surgery and expected to care for themselves at home. To our knowledge, an updated metasynthesis on patients' experiences of day surgery across diverse contexts and continents is lacking.DesignMeta‐ethnography.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL were systematically searched for qualitative research in English published between 2006 and 2023. Noblit and Hare's meta‐ethnographic approach guided the synthesis of findings from 12 qualitative studies, and the eMERGe Reporting Guidance was used in the writing of this article.ResultsFour themes were revealed: (1) requests for tailored information, (2) challenges of recognising and understanding postoperative symptoms, (3) being dependent on continuous professional and personal support and (4) calling for individual adaptation.ConclusionOur meta‐ethnography indicates there is a need to improve information provision to better prepare patients for the processes of day surgery and recovery and promote their self‐care abilities. Our findings highlight the importance of ensuring adequate levels of individualised care and support throughout the treatment process.Relevance to Clinical PracticeTo improve quality of care in day surgery practice, implementation of interventions to enhance information provision and promote self‐care during recovery at home may be considered. Pre‐admission appointments that incorporate provision of tailored information and assessment of the patients' individual needs of care and support, home conditions and access to assistance from family/friends can be recommended.
Triazine‐based mesoporous organic polymers as palladium supports: physicochemical properties, porosity and catalytic performance in Suzuki coupling reaction
Authors: Altarawneh Suha S , Aldehasat Jafar S , Ababneh Taher S , Seifert Andreas , Weheabby Saddam , Hijazi Ahmed K , Al‐Momani Lo'ay A , Al‐jaafreh Ibtesam Y 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article reports the preparation of new mesoporous triazine‐based organic polymers and their characterization. The polymers were synthesized via a nucleophilic condensation reaction between cyanuric chloride and bisphenols or aromatic diamine linkers. As a result, two types of triazine‐based polymers were prepared: triazine‐ether and triazine‐amine polymers. The polymers reveal a mesoporous nature with surface area values ranging between 345 and 1275 m2 g−1 and mesopore volume between 0.273 and 1.03 cm3 g−1. These values were determined from argon gas isotherms at 87 K. The pore size distribution also confirmed the micro–mesoporosity, which reached up to 3.0 nm for all polymers. The triazine‐amine polymer shows good thermal oxidative stability up to 450 °C. Motivated by the mesopore size, the new polymers were also employed as palladium nanoparticle supports. The X‐ray diffraction technique indicated the successful incorporation of palladium nanoparticles, and Fourier transform infrared measurements proved that the framework of the polymers was retained after forming palladium supports. To ensure the catalytic reactivity of palladium nanoparticles, we employed one example as a catalyst in a Suzuki coupling reaction. The catalyst exhibited remarkable recyclability, maintaining catalytic efficiency through seven cycles, thereby enabling the use of palladium‐loaded triazine‐based polymeric catalysts in a variety of organic reactions in future. © 2023 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
A DFT approach toward designing selenophene‐based unfused small molecule acceptors by end‐capped modification for improving the photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells
Authors: Rukhsar Jaweria , Waqas Muhammad , Akhter Muhamed Salim , Shaban Mohamed , Al‐Saeedi Sameerah I. , Mahr Muhammad Shabir , Hasanin Tamer H. A. , Ibrahim Mahmoud A. A. , Alatawi Naifa S. , Khera Rasheed Ahmad 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, we have developed a series of eight non‐fullerene acceptors, constituting A‐D‐A type small molecules named (SS1–SS8) to enlighten the open‐circuit voltage (Voc) and the efficacy of pre‐existed SR (reference) molecule. Density functional theory has been adopted to computationally assess the optoelectronic features of fabricated molecules with the B3LYP/6‐31G (d, p) level of theory. Several factors like charge transfer, light absorption, binding energy, dipole moment, and reorganization energy are studied. The frontier orbitals analysis revealed that all the newly developed molecules have less bandgap (ranging from 1.97 to 2.22 eV) than SR (2.23 eV). Similarly, these newly engineered molecules also revealed better light absorption by screening remarkable redshift from 676.23 to 789.28 nm than SR (673.83 nm) in chloroform. These molecules have remarkably reduced excitation energy ranging from 1.71 to 1.83 eV than SR 1.84 eV. The exclusive CT analysis is carried out via J61:SS8 complex because of the higher Voc of SS8 (acceptor). Additionally, SS8 has shown the least energy loss, making it a strong contender to be used to develop improved OSCs. Because of the exceptionally improved characteristics, these newly engineered molecules (especially SS8) can be considered potential aspirants for fabricating proficient OSCs.
Pulmonary artery dilatation in different causes of pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Xi Qunying , Liu Zhihong , Xiong Changming , Luo Qin , Zhao Zhihui , Zhao Qing , Yang Tao , Zeng Qixian , Li Pingwei , Qiu Luwen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPulmonary artery (PA) dilatation is commonly observed in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, the clinical aspects of PA dilatation in various etiology of PH remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the clinical and imaging characteristics of 1018 patients with different subtypes of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). The independent determinants for all‐cause death were identified using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. PA dilatation was identified in 88.8% of the patients, and 27.2% had a PA diameter/ascending aorta diameter ratio greater than 1.5. PA diameter was shown to be significantly correlated with hemodynamic parameters and symptom duration in idiopathic PAH patients. PA diameter only correlated with pulmonary circulation volume in patients with PAH associated with congenital heart disease. PA diameter correlated with symptom duration and right ventricular end‐diastolic dimension in CTEPH patients. PA diameter correlated with right ventricular end‐diastolic dimension in patients with PAH associated with connective tissue disease. Only 6‐min walk distance, but not PA dilatation, predicts all‐cause death independently. In conclusion, PA dilatation is a common finding in PH patients. The clinical feature of PA dilatation varies greatly between PH types. PA dilatation is not associated with all‐cause death.
Lessons from robot‐assisted disaster response deployments by the German Rescue Robotics Center task force
Authors: Surmann Hartmut , Daun Kevin , Schnaubelt Marius , von Stryk Oskar , Patchou Manuel , Böcker Stefan , Wietfeld Christian , Quenzel Jan , Schleich Daniel , Behnke Sven , Grafe Robert , Heidemann Nils , Slomma Dominik , Kruijff‐Korbayová Ivana 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEarthquakes, fire, and floods often cause structural collapses of buildings. However, the inspection of such damaged buildings poses a high risk for emergency forces or is even impossible. We present three recently selected missions of the Robotics Task Force of the German Rescue Robotics Center (DRZ), where both ground and aerial robots were used to explore destroyed buildings. We describe and reflect the missions as well as the lessons learned that have resulted from them. To make robots from research laboratories fit for real operations, realistic outdoor and indoor test environments were set up at the DRZ and used for tests in regular exercises by researchers and emergency forces. On the basis of this experience, the robots and their control software were significantly improved. Furthermore, expert teams of researchers and first responders were formed, each with realistic assessments of the operational and practical suitability of robotic systems.
Meso‐Aminomethyl‐BODIPY as a Scaffold for Nitric Oxide Photo‐Releasers
Authors: Panfilov Mikhail A. , Karogodina Tatyana Yu. , Sibiryakova Anastasiya A. , Tretyakova Irina S. , Vorob'ev Alexey Yu. , Moskalensky Alexander E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) is a unique biochemical mediator involved in the regulation of vital processes. Its short lifetime in physiological conditions and local action impede direct application in medicine because highly targeted NO‐delivery systems are required. Light‐controllable NO releasers are promising for the development of smart therapies. Here we present simply prepared meso‐aminomethyl BODIPY (4,4‐difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene) derivatives containing N‐nitroso moiety, which show the photoinduced generation of NO in a solution. These compounds can additionally generate singlet oxygen, and NO/1O2 generation efficiency can be tuned by substituents. As an example of NO‐mediated effect, we demonstrate light‐dependent inhibition of platelet activation in vitro. The presented compounds could serve as the basis for the development of novel hybrid therapeutic methods.
Prominent Structural Dependence of Quantum Capacitance Unraveled by Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene Mesosponge
Authors: Tang Rui , Aziz Alex , Yu Wei , Pan Zheng‐Ze , Nishikawa Ginga , Yoshii Takeharu , Nomura Keita , Taylor Erin E. , Stadie Nicholas P. , Inoue Kazutoshi , Kotani Motoko , Kyotani Takashi , Nishihara Hirotomo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPorous carbons are important electrode materials for supercapacitors. One of the challenges associated with supercapacitors is improving their energy density without relying on pseudocapacitance, which is based on fast redox reactions that often shorten device lifetimes. A possible solution involves achieving high total capacitance (Ctot), which comprises Helmholtz capacitance (CH) and possibly quantum capacitance (CQ), in high‐surface carbon materials comprising minimally stacked graphene walls. In this work, a templating method is used to synthesize 3D mesoporous graphenes with largely identical pore structures (≈2100 m2 g−1 with an average pore size of ≈7 nm) but different concentrations of oxygen‐containing functional groups (0.3–6.7 wt.%) and nitrogen dopants (0.1–4.5 wt.%). Thus, the impact of the heteroatom functionalities on Ctot is systematically investigated in an organic electrolyte excluding the effect of pore structures. It is found that heteroatom functionalities determine Ctot, resulting in the cyclic voltammetry curves being rectangular or butterfly‐shaped. The nitrogen functionalities are found to significantly enhance Ctot owing to increased CQ.
Bleeding risk from nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs after functional endoscopic sinus surgery: Analysis of the TriNetX database
Authors: Salmon Mandy K. , Eide Jacob G. , Kshirsagar Rijul S. , Palmer James N. , Adappa Nithin D. , Kohanski Michael A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesPostoperative pain medications and aspirin before undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) are managed carefully due to concern for bleeding. Little is known regarding the increase in the risk of bleeding for patients unable to stop aspirin as trials are limited in this area. We compared outcomes for patients undergoing FESS who were managed postoperatively with nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) versus opioids. We also determined the epistaxis rate for patients on aspirin at the time of surgery compared to those who were not on aspirin.Data SourceRetrospective analysis of patients undergoing FESS using the TriNetX database.MethodsPatients were propensity‐matched, and the odds of bleeding complications between the patients prescribed postoperative NSAIDs were compared to those prescribed opioids. We also compared postoperative odds of bleeding in patients unable to halt aspirin use at the time of surgery to those who were not on aspirin before surgery.ResultsA total of 51,361 patients received opioids after FESS compared to 1923 patients who received NSAIDs. After propensity matching, 1918 patients were in each group and odds of epistaxis were similar between the NSAID group and the opioid group (odds ratio [OR]: 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90–1.94); 7.67% of the NSAID group required rescue opioids. Patients on aspirin who were unable to hold aspirin at surgery showed bleeding rates of 14.67% compared to 9.00% in propensity‐matched controls who were not on aspirin (OR: 1.74, 95%CI: 1.20–2.51).ConclusionsNSAID use appears to be a safe alternative to opioids for patients without pre‐existing risk factors for bleeding. Patients who remained on aspirin in the week before FESS had an increased risk of postoperative epistaxis.
Clustering Student Mobility Data in 3-Way Networks
Authors: Genova Vincenzo Giuseppe , Giordano Giuseppe , Ragozini Giancarlo , Vitale Maria Prosperina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe present contribution aims at introducing a network data reduction method for the analysis of 3-way networks in which classes of nodes of different types are linked. The proposed approach enables simplifying a 3-way network into a weighted two-mode network by considering the statistical concept of joint dependence in a multiway contingency table. Starting from a real application on student mobility data in Italian universities, a 3-way network is defined, where provinces of residence, universities and educational programmes are considered as the three sets of nodes, and occurrences of student exchanges represent the set of links between them. The Infomap community detection algorithm is then chosen for partitioning two-mode networks of students’ cohorts to discover different network patterns.
Clustering Brain Connectomes Through a Density-Peak Approach
Authors: Giubilei Riccardo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe density-peak (DP) algorithm is a mode-based clustering method that identifies cluster centers as data points being surrounded by neighbors with lower density and far away from points with higher density. Since its introduction in 2014, DP has reaped considerable success for its favorable properties. A striking advantage is that it does not require data to be embedded in vector spaces, potentially enabling applications to arbitrary data types. In this work, we propose improvements to overcome two main limitations of the original DP approach, i.e., the unstable density estimation and the absence of an automatic procedure for selecting cluster centers. Then, we apply the resulting method to the increasingly important task of graph clustering, here intended as gathering together similar graphs. Potential implications include grouping similar brain networks for ability assessment or disease prevention, as well as clustering different snapshots of the same network evolving over time to identify similar patterns or abrupt changes. We test our method in an empirical analysis whose goal is clustering brain connectomes to distinguish between patients affected by schizophrenia and healthy controls. Results show that, in the specific analysis, our method outperforms many existing competitors for graph clustering.
Stochastic Collapsed Variational Inference for Structured Gaussian Process Regression Networks
Authors: Meng Rui , Lee Herbert K. H. , Bouchard Kristofer 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper presents an efficient variational inference framework for a family of structured Gaussian process regression network (SGPRN) models. We incorporate auxiliary inducing variables in latent functions and jointly treat both the distributions of the inducing variables and hyper-parameters as variational parameters. Then we take advantage of the collapsed representation of the model and propose structured variational distributions, which enables the decomposability of a tractable variational lower bound and leads to stochastic optimization. Our inference approach is able to model data in which outputs do not share a common input set, and with a computational complexity independent of the size of the inputs and outputs to easily handle datasets with missing values. Finally, we illustrate our approach on both synthetic and real data.
An Online Minorization-Maximization Algorithm
Authors: Nguyen Hien Duy , Forbes Florence , Fort Gersende , Cappé Olivier 
Published: December 2023

AbstractModern statistical and machine learning settings often involve high data volume and data streaming, which require the development of online estimation algorithms. The online Expectation–Maximization (EM) algorithm extends the popular EM algorithm to this setting, via a stochastic approximation approach.We show that an online version of the Minorization–Maximization (MM) algorithm, which includes the online EM algorithm as a special case, can also be constructed in a similar manner. We demonstrate our approach via an application to the logistic regression problem and compare it to existing methods.