bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting Nanomotor with Near‐Infrared/Ultrasound Triggered‐Transformation for Polystage‐Propelled Cascade Thrombolysis and Multimodal Imaging Diagnosis
Authors: Ruan Renjie , Chen Sheng , Su Jinyun , Liu Ning , Feng Hongjuan , Xiao Peijie , Zhang Xuan , Pan Gaoxing , Hou Linxi , Zhang Jin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNowadays, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases caused by venous thromboembolism become main causes of mortality around the world. The current thrombolytic strategies in clinics are confined primarily due to poor penetration of nanoplatforms, limited thrombolytic efficiency, and extremely‐low imaging accuracy. Herein, a novel nanomotor (NM) is engineered by combining iron oxide/perfluorohexane (PFH)/urokinase (UK) into liposome nanovesicle, which exhibits near‐infrared/ultrasound (NIR/US) triggered transformation, achieves non‐invasive vein thrombolysis, and realizes multimodal imaging diagnosis altogether. Interestingly, a three‐step propelled cascade thrombolytic therapy is revealed from such intelligent NM. First, the NM is effectively herded at the thrombus site under guidance of a magnetic field. Afterwards, stimulations of NIR/US propel phase transition of PFH, which intensifies penetration of the NM toward deep thrombus dependent on cavitation effect. Ultimately, UK is released from the collapsed NM and achieves pharmaceutical thrombolysis in a synergistic way. After an intravenous injection of NM in vivo, the whole thrombolytic process is monitored in real‐time through multimodal photoacoustic, ultrasonic, and color Doppler ultrasonic imagings. Overall, such advanced nanoplatform provides a brand‐new strategy for time‐critical vein thrombolytic therapy through efficient thrombolysis and multimodal imaging diagnosis.
Analyzing Electrochemical Sensing Fundamentals for Health Applications
Authors: Alam Maksud M. , Mitea Victor , Howlader Matiar M. R. , Selvaganapathy Ponnambalam Ravi , Deen M. Jamal 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHumans continuously interact with physical, chemical, and biological environments that influence their health, safety, and quality of life. Sensing devices, such as electrochemical sensors that translate environmental qualities into electrical signals, are crucial for detecting biomarker concentrations in various biofluids. However, the understanding of electrochemical sensing is often incomplete, necessitating further study of chemical reactions and sensor‐electrode interactions for healthcare applications. This review analyzes crucial topics in chemical reactions in electrochemical sensing environments. First, the dynamics of chemical energy, the roles of acidic and alkaline fluids, chemical reaction tendencies, thermodynamic equilibria, Gibbs free energy, water dissociation, and the pH scale are discussed. Sensor materials or biomarkers undergo oxidation and reduction reactions in electrochemical sensing. Oxygen‐derived radicals and nonradical reactive species significantly influence biochemical reactions, cellular responses, and clinical outcomes. Then, the review delves into the impact of oxidation reduction reactions on human pathophysiology, redox reactions in hemoglobin, redox environments in human serum albumin and cells/tissues, and thermodynamics of biological redox reactions. Finally, recent advances in electrochemical techniques are presented and research challenges and future perspectives in electrochemical sensing for health applications are addressed.
Deciphering Immune Landscape Remodeling Unravels the Underlying Mechanism for Synchronized Muscle and Bone Aging
Authors: Yin Pengbin , Chen Ming , Rao Man , Lin Yuan , Zhang Mingming , Xu Ren , Hu Xueda , Chen Ruijing , Chai Wei , Huang Xiang , Yu Haikuan , Yao Yao , Zhao Yali , Li Yi , Zhang Licheng , Tang Peifu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEvidence from numerous studies has revealed the synchronous progression of aging in bone and muscle; however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. To this end, human muscles and bones are harvested and the aging‐associated transcriptional dynamics of two tissues in parallel using single‐cell RNA sequencing are surveyed. A subset of lipid‐associated macrophages (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2, TREM2+ Macs) is identified in both aged muscle and bone. Genes responsible for muscle dystrophy and bone loss, such as secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), are also highly expressed in TREM2+ Macs, suggesting its conserved role in aging‐related features. A common transition toward pro‐inflammatory phenotypes in aged CD4+ T cells across tissues is also observed, activated by the nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 (NFKB1). CD4+ T cells in aged muscle experience Th1‐like differentiation, whereas, in bone, a skewing toward Th17 cells is observed. Furthermore, these results highlight that degenerated myocytes produce BAG6‐containing exosomes that can communicate with Th17 cells in the bone through its receptor natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 3 (NCR3). This communication upregulates CD6 expression in Th17 cells, which then interact with TREM2+ Macs through CD6‐ALCAM signaling, ultimately stimulating the transcription of SPP1 in TREM2+ Macs. The negative correlation between serum exosomal BCL2‐associated athanogene 6 (BAG6) levels and bone mineral density further supports its role in mediating muscle and bone synchronization with aging.
The miR‐669a‐5p/G3BP/HDAC6/AKAP12 Axis Regulates Primary Cilia Length
Authors: Wang Weina , Dai Xuyao , Li Yue , Li Mo , Chi Zongqi , Hu Xiaoyu , Wang Zhenshan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrimary cilia are conserved organelles in most mammalian cells, acting as “antennae” to sense external signals. Maintaining a physiological cilium length is required for cilium function. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potent gene expression regulators, and aberrant miRNA expression is closely associated with ciliopathies. However, how miRNAs modulate cilium length remains elusive. Here, using the calcium‐shock method and small RNA sequencing, a miRNA is identified, namely, miR‐669a‐5p, that is highly expressed in the cilia‐enriched noncellular fraction. It is shown that miR‐669a‐5p promotes cilium elongation but not cilium formation in cultured cells. Mechanistically, it is demonstrated that miR‐669a‐5p represses ras‐GTPase‐activating protein SH3‐domain‐binding protein (G3BP) expression to inhibit histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) expression, which further upregulates A‐kinase anchor protein 12 (AKAP12) expression. This effect ultimately blocks cilia disassembly and leads to greater cilium length, which can be restored to wild‐type lengths by either upregulating HDAC6 or downregulating AKAP12. Collectively, these results elucidate a previously unidentified miR‐669a‐5p/G3BP/HDAC6/AKAP12 signaling pathway that regulates cilium length, providing potential pharmaceutical targets for treating ciliopathies.
Improved Polarization‐Retention‐Endurance in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 Films by ZrO2 Capping via Electrostatic Effects
Authors: Song Tingfeng , Koutsogiannis Panagiotis , Magén César , Pardo José A. , Sánchez Florencio , Fina Ignasi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFerroelectric hafnia is one of the most promising materials for next generation of non‐volatile memory devices. Several strategies have demonstrated to be of interest to improve its functional properties. Interface engineering, realized by the introduction of additional layer in the capacitor structure, is demonstrated as a promising strategy. However, interface layers can have multiple implications, such as changes in the chemistry of the interfaces and an increase of depolarization field, whose effects are difficult to discriminate. The role of HfO2 and ZrO2 capping is explored on polarization, retention, endurance, and leakage properties of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 epitaxial films. In HfO2 capped films, lower polarization is observed, and endurance and retention are also comparably worse than in ZrO2 capped films. Complementary under illumination ferroelectric characterization and capacitance measurements indicate a reduction of defects and interface capacitance contribution in ZrO2 capped films. For both cappings, the interfaces with the Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 layer are shown to be compositionally sharp and the phase of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) grains is replicated on the capping layer, indicating that electrostatic effects prevail and that the use of interface layers with high permittivity, here ZrO2, is crucial to favor good functional properties.
Disproportionation of Co2+ in the Topochemically Reduced Oxide LaSrCoRuO5
Authors: Liang Zhilin , Batuk Maria , Orlandi Fabio , Manuel Pascal , Hadermann Joke , Hayward Michael A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractComplex transition‐metal oxides exhibit a wide variety of chemical and physical properties which are a strong function the local electronic states of the transition‐metal centres, as determined by a combination of metal oxidation state and local coordination environment. Topochemical reduction of the double perovskite oxide, LaSrCoRuO6, using Zr, yields LaSrCoRuO5. This reduced phase contains an ordered array of apex‐linked square‐based pyramidal Ru3+O5, square‐planar Co1+O4 and octahedral Co3+O6 units, consistent with the coordination‐geometry driven disproportionation of Co2+. Coordination‐geometry driven disproportionation of d7 transition‐metal cations (e.g. Rh2+, Pd3+, Pt3+) is common in complex oxides containing 4d and 5d metals. However, the weak ligand field experienced by a 3d transition‐metal such as cobalt leads to the expectation that d7+ Co2+ should be stable to disproportionation in oxide environments, so the presence of Co1+O4 and Co3+O6 units in LaSrCoRuO5 is surprising. Low‐temperature measurements indicate LaSrCoRuO5 adopts a ferromagnetically ordered state below 120 K due to couplings between S=1/2 Ru3+ and S=1 Co1+.
Zr‐Porphyrin Metal–Organic Framework as nanoreactor for boosting the formation of hydrogen clathrates
Authors: Carrillo‐Carrión Carolina , Farrando‐Perez Judit , Daemen Luke L. , Cheng Yongqiang Q. , Ramirez‐Cuesta Anibal J. , Silvestre‐Albero Joaquin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe report the first experimental evidence for rapid formation of hydrogen clathrates under mild pressure and temperature conditions within the cavities of a zirconium‐metalloporphyrin framework, specifically PCN‐222. PCN‐222 has been selected for its 1D mesoporous channels, high water‐stability, and proper hydrophilic behavior. Firstly, we optimize a microwave (MW)‐assisted method for the synthesis of nanosized PCN‐222 particles with precise structure control (exceptional homogeneity in morphology and crystalline phase purity), taking advantage of MW in terms of rapid/homogeneous heating, time and energy savings, as well as potential scalability of the synthetic method. Second, we explore the relevance of the large mesoporous 1D open channels within the PCN‐222 to promote the nucleation and growth of confined hydrogen clathrates. Experimental results show that PCN‐222 drives the nucleation process at a lower pressure than the bulk system (1.35 kbar vs 2 kbar), with fast kinetics (minutes), using pure water, and with a nearly complete water‐to‐hydrate conversion. Unfortunately, PCN‐222 cannot withstand these high pressures, which lead to a significant alteration of the mesoporous structure while the microporous network remains mainly unchanged.
Deploying Cationic Cellulose Nanofiber Confinement to Enable High Iodine Loadings Towards High Energy and High‐Temperature Zn‐I2 Battery
Authors: Li Zhenglin , Cao Wenwen , Hu Tao , Hu Yichan , Zhang Rong , Cui Huilin , Mo Funian , Liu Chaozheng , Zhi Chunyi , Liang Guojin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHigh iodine loading and high‐temperature adaptability of the iodine cathode are prerequisites to achieving high energy density at full battery level and promoting the practical application for the zinc‐iodine (Zn‐I2) battery. However, it would aggravate the polyiodide shuttle effect when employing high iodine loading and working temperature. Here, a sustainable cationic cellulose nanofiber (cCNF) was employed to confine the active iodine species through strong physiochemical adsorption to enlarge the iodine loading and stabilize it even at high temperatures. The cCNF could accommodate dual‐functionality by enlarging the iodine loading and suppressing the polyiodide shuttle effect, owing to the unique framework structure with abundant surface positive charges. As a result, the iodine cathode based on the cCNF could deliver high iodine mass loading of 14.1 mg cm−2 with a specific capacity of 182.7 mAh g−1, high areal capacity of 2.6 mAh cm−2, and stable cycling over 3000 cycles at 2 A g−1, thus enabling a high energy density of 34.8 Wh kg−1 and the maximum power density of 521.2 W kg−1 at a full Zn‐I2 battery level. In addition, even at a high temperature of 60 °C, the Zn‐I2 battery could still deliver a stable cycling.
Minimally invasive autopsy in the evaluation of fetal malformations and stillbirths: A feasibility study
Authors: Gupta Neerja , Langeh Nitika , Sharma Aparna , Mridha Asit , Jana Manisha , Barwad Adarsh , Mani Kalaivani , Dadhwal Vatsla , Kumar Atin , Deka Dipika , Kabra Madhulika 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundMinimally invasive autopsy (MIA) using post‐mortem magnetic resonance imaging with ancillary investigations is reported as accurate as conventional autopsy. This study assesses MIA's feasibility and accuracy compared to conventional autopsy.MethodMIA and/or conventional autopsy were performed on malformed fetuses (14–20 weeks gestation) and stillbirths (>20 weeks gestation), with/without malformation. Concordance in diagnostic accuracy (95% confidence interval [CI]) and agreement (Kappa coefficient [k]) were assessed in malformed cases where both MIA and autopsy were conducted.ResultsWe enrolled 200 cases, including 100 malformed fetuses (<20 weeks) and 100 stillbirths (with/without malformations). Concordance of 97.3% was observed between MIA and autopsy in 156 malformed cases. The overall diagnostic accuracy of MIA was 96.04%.ConclusionWhile conventional autopsy remains the gold standard, MIA is feasible in tertiary care settings. It can be considered a potential alternative for post‐mortem assessment, particularly in settings with limited facility of conventional autopsy and parental refusal.
Phytochemical analysis and hepatotoxicity assessment of braised Polygoni Multiflori Radix (Wen‐He‐Shou‐Wu)
Authors: Zhang Tao , Xie Yating , Li Tao , Deng Yaling , Wan Quan , Bai Tingting , Zhang Qing , Cai Zhongxi , Chen Mingxia , Zhang Jinlian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPolygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR) is a medicinal herb commonly used in China and Eastern Asia. Recently, the discovery of hepatotoxicity in PMR has received considerable attention from scientists. Processing is a traditional Chinese medicine technique used for the effective reduction of toxicity. One uncommon technique is the braising method—also known as ‘Wen‐Fa’ in Chinese—which is used to prepare tonics or poisonous medications. Braised PMR (BPMR)—also known as ‘Wen‐He‐Shou‐Wu’—is one of the processed products of the braising method. However, the non‐volatile components of BPMR have not been identified and examined in detail, and therefore, the hepatotoxic advantage of BPMR remains unknown. In this study, we compared the microscopic characteristics of different samples in powder form using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), investigated the non‐volatile components, assessed the effects of different processed PMR products on the liver, and compared the differences between BPMR and PMR Praeparata recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition). We found that the hepatotoxicity of BPMR was dramatically decreased, which may be related to an increase in polysaccharide content and a decrease in toxic substances. The present study provides an important foundation for future investigations of the processing mechanisms of BPMR.
Genetic analysis and prenatal diagnosis of a pedigree with developmental retardation due to paternal 8q/18q translocation
Authors: Jin Chunyan , Li Xuefang , Chen Jiao , Gu Zhiping , Xu Tianhui 
Published: December 2023

Key Clinical MessageBalanced reciprocal chromosomal translocation carriers will have greater risk to experience recurrent miscarriages, embryonic death, and infertility. We show the pedigree carrying a paternal karyotype which was reported first. This research helps to better understand the clinical manifestations and prognosis of patients with this rare chromosomal abnormality.
Successful autologous stem cell transplantation for light chain proximal tubulopathy with severe kidney injury
Authors: Kono Asuka , Bando Kana , Takahata Atsushi , Toyota Shigeo 
Published: December 2023

Key Clinical MessageLight chain proximal tubulopathy (LCPT) is a rare type of monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance. Clinicians should consider LCPT in the differential diagnosis of patients with renal or proximal tubular dysfunction with monoclonal gammopathy. They should confirm diagnosis by renal biopsy and initiate chemotherapy before disease progression.
Indium(III)‐Catalyzed Three Component Reaction of N‐Bromosuccinimide, Alkenes and N‐Tosylhydrazones
Authors: Luo Yixin , Zhou Sihan , Nkingwa Alex Adonis , Zeng Qingle 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA three‐component reaction involving alkenes, N‐sulfonylhydrazones, and N‐bromosuccinimide (NBS) is described that uses Indium(III) triflate for the synthesis of bromoethyl sulfonyl hydrazones. Using N‐tosylhydrazones as a nitrogen source and NBS as a bromine source, this intermolecular aminobromination of alkenes is carried out under air in mild conditions. A mechanism of electrophilic addition is proposed based on the GC‐MS analytical result.
Effects of nonlinear thermal radiation on magnetized Al2O3${\rm Al}_2 {\rm O}_3$‐Blood${\rm Blood}$ nanofluid flow through an inclined microporous channel: An investigation of second law analysis
Authors: Ogunsola Amos W. , Oyedotun Mathew F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study aimed at studying the variational effect of nonlinear thermal radiation on the flow of Casson nanofluid () through a porous microchannel with entropy generation. The novelty of this investigation includes the incorporation of porous media, nonlinear radiative heat flux, and convective heat transfer at the channel interface into the energy equation, which results in an enhanced analysis for the cooling design and heat transfer of microdevices that utilize nanofluid flow. Particularly, alumina () is considered as the nanoparticles in this blood base fluid due to associated advanced pharmaceutical applications. With dimensionless variables being utilized, the governing equations are minimized to their simplest form. The Chebysev‐based collocation technique was employed to numerically solve the resultant ordinary differential equations with the associated boundary conditions and the impact of flow, thermal, and irreversibility distribution fields are determined through graphs. The findings identified that higher levels of Hartmann number produce the Lorentz force, which limits fluid flow and lowers velocity, the response of nonlinear thermal radiation diminishes the heat transfer rate, and a rise in the Casson parameter also reduces the Bejan number. The results of this research can be used to improve heat transfer performance in biomedical devices, design‐efficient energy conversion cycles, optimize cooling systems, and cover a wide range of energy technologies from renewable energy to aerospace propulsion.
Extended autoantibody panel in Turkish patients with early‐stage systemic sclerosis: Coexpressions and their influences on clinical phenotypes
Authors: Temiz Karadağ Duygu , Komac Andac , Erez Yesim , Birlik Ahmet Merih , Sari Alper , Akdoğan Ali , Farisogullari Bayram , Kimyon Gezmiş , Koc Emrah , Arslan Didem , Karatas Ahmet , Koca Suleyman Serdar , Kasifoglu Nilgün , Yazici Ayten , Hayran Kadir Mutlu , Cefle Ayse 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground/AimTo investigate the frequency and clinical relevance of an extended autoantibody profile in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).Materials and MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, serum from 100 consecutive patients was subjected to indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) (HEp‐20‐10/primate liver mosaic) and Systemic Sclerosis Profile by EUROIMMUN to evaluate anti‐nuclear antibodies (ANA) and autoantibodies against 13 different autoantibodies in patients with SSc less than 3 years.ResultsNinety‐three of 100 patients were positive for ANA by IIF. Fifty‐three patients showed single positivity, 26 anti‐topoisomerase antibodies (anti‐Scl70 ab), 16 anticentromere antibodies (ACAs), six anti‐RNA polymerase III antibodies (anti‐RNAPIII ab), one anti‐Ku antibody, one anti‐PM/Scl100 antibody, two anti‐PM/Scl75 antibodies, one anti‐Ro52 antibody, whereas 32 patients had multiple autoantibody positivities. Among classic SSc‐specific autoantibodies, anti‐Scl70 and anti‐RNAPIII abs showed the highest cooccurrence (n = 4). One patient was simultaneously positive for anti‐RNAPIII ab and ACA, and one was positive for ACA and anti‐Scl70 ab. The clinical features were not statistically different between single and multiple autoantibody‐positivity for classic SSc‐specific autoantibodies (ACA, anti‐Scl70 ab, and anti‐RNAPIII ab), except for digital ulcer in the multiantibody positive ACA group (p = .019).ConclusionBased on our results, coexpression of autoantibodies is not uncommon in SSc patients. Although autoantibodies specific to SSc in early disease show generally known clinical features, it remains to be investigated how the coexpression of autoantibodies will affect clinical presentation.
A hub for regulation of mitochondrial metabolism: Fatty acid and lipoic acid biosynthesis
Authors: Dieckmann Carol L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHaving evolved from a prokaryotic origin, mitochondria retain pathways required for the catabolism of energy‐rich molecules and for the biosynthesis of molecules that aid catabolism and/or participate in other cellular processes essential for life of the cell. Reviewed here are details of the mitochondrial fatty acid biosynthetic pathway (FAS II) and its role in building both the octanoic acid precursor for lipoic acid biosynthesis (LAS) and longer‐chain fatty acids functioning in chaperoning the assembly of mitochondrial multisubunit complexes. Also covered are the details of mitochondrial lipoic acid biosynthesis, which is distinct from that of prokaryotes, and the attachment of lipoic acid to subunits of pyruvate dehydrogenase, α‐ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and glycine cleavage system complexes. Special emphasis has been placed on presenting what is currently known about the interconnected paths and loops linking the FAS II–LAS pathway and two other mitochondrial realms, the organellar translation machinery and Fe‐S cluster biosynthesis and function.