bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic mechanical properties of different types of rocks under impact loading
Authors: Wang Zixu , Huang Junhong , Chen Yanglong , Li Xinping , Liu Tingting , Meng Fei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo study the mechanical properties of different types of rocks under impact loading, static mechanical parameter tests and split-Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) dynamic impact experiments were conducted on five typical rock specimens. The mechanical properties and failure modes of different rock specimens under the same static and dynamic loading were investigated. The differences between numerical simulation results and laboratory test results under different constitutive models in LS-DYNA were also compared and analyzed. The results show that with the increase of SHPB impact pressure (0.5–0.8 MPa), the stress peak values of granite, marble, and limestone also increase, while gypsum and reef limestone follow no particular trend. At the same time, both HJC and RHT constitutive models can simulate the laboratory impact test results of granite, marble, and limestone, however, the gypsum and reef limestone are not modelled by the HJC constitutive model, while the RHT constitutive model can describe the deformation-damage-failure process of rock specimens with different strengths. Therefore, the RHT model can better reflect the real deformation and failure of rocks.
Phytochemical analysis, biological activities of methanolic extracts and an isolated flavonoid from Tunisian Limoniastrum monopetalum (L.) Boiss: an in vitro and in silico investigations
Authors: Bouzidi Amel , Azizi Ahmed , Messaoudi Omar , Abderrezzak Kirouani , Vidari Giovanni , Hellal Ahmed Noureddine , Patel Chirag N. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn recent years, due to the dramatic increase of the bacteria resistance to antibiotics and chemotherapeutic drugs, an increasing importance is given to the discovery of novel bioactive molecules, more potent than those in use. In this contest, methanol extracts of different parts of the medicinal plant Limoniastrum monopetalum (L.) Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae), widely occurring in Tunisia, were prepared to evaluate the antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities. The methanol extract of the roots showed the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus and E. faecalis, whereas the stem extract exhibited the highest antiproliferative effects towards a Hela cell line. Analysis of volatile fractions, using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC–FID) techniques, led to the identification of camphor as the most abundant constituent, which represented from 84.85 to 99.48% of the methanol extracts. Multiple chromatographic separation of the methanol leaf extract afforded the flavonoid maeopsin-6-O-glucoside (S1) and a few fractions that were subjected to biological activity assays. One fraction exhibited interesting antibacterial activity against E. coli and E. faecalis (MIC values of 62.5 and 78.12 µg/mL, respectively), and antiproliferative effects against Hela and A549 cells (IC50 = 226 and 242.52 μg/mL, respectively). In addition, in silico studies indicated that maesopsin-6-O-glucoside, which was moderately active against Staphylococcus aureus, strongly interacted with the active site of the accessory gene regulator protein A (AgrA) of Staphylococcus aureus.
Influences of Mg-activation on sugarcane bagasse biochar characteristics and its PNP removing potentials from contaminated water
Authors: Mansee Ayman H. , Abdelgawad Doaa M. , El-Gamal Eman H. , Ebrahim Amal M. , Saleh Maher E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBiochar as a substitute eco-friendly and low-cost adsorbent is introduced for removing p-nitrophenol (PNP) one of the most important chemical contaminant that recognized as the main metabolite in many pesticides and an intermediate compound in many industries. Physicochemical characteristics of sugarcane bagasse biochar (SCBB) and its Mg-activation (ASCBB) generated at 500 °C for 30 min were investigate. Batch kinetic experiment was conducted (200 mg L−1 PNP) to evaluate sorption efficiency of both tested biochars. To study the reaction behavior of PNP adsorption on ASCBB, solution pH and isotherm experiment of different concentrations and dosages were as investigated. The results show that ASCBB had a higher biochar yield, ash content, pH, molar ratios (H/C and O/C), surface area, pore volume, mean pore diameter, and specific and thick wall structure than SCBB. The efficiency of ASCBB to remove PNP was higher than SCBB which reached 51.98% in the first 1 min., and pH 7 achieved the optimum adsorption. Pseudo-second-order model examination exhibited well fitted to explain the adsorption results depending on R2 value (1.00). The adsorption isotherm results were well described by the Elovich and Freundlich models depending on the R2, qm and n values, which means the formation of a multilayer of PNP on the ASCBB surface through the chemisorption reaction. The calculated qm (144.93 mg g−1) of 1g L−1 was relatively close with experimental value (142.03 mg g−1). The PNP adsorption mechanism on both biochar types was electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and π-π stacking interactions, which were confirmed by studying the surface reactions before and after adsorption. Overall, the current study provided a successful waste biomass-derived biochar as a conducive alternative eco-sorbent to eliminate p-nitrophenol from wastewater.
Characterization of the genomic alterations in poorly differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Lee Yeeun , Moon SeongRyeol , Seok Jae Yeon , Lee Joon-Hyop , Nam Seungyoon , Chung Yoo Seung 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPoorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) is a subtype of thyroid cancer that has a high rate of metastasis or recurrence and a relatively poor prognosis. However, there are few studies that have been conducted on PDTC at the whole protein-coding gene scale. Here, we performed genomic profiling of 15 patients with PDTC originated from follicular thyroid carcinoma using whole exome sequencing and also performed gene functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for three patients. Further, we investigated genetic variants associated with PDTC progression and the characteristics of clinical pathology. We revealed somatic genomic alterations in the RAF1, MAP2K2, and AKT2 genes that were not reported in previous studies. We confirmed frequent occurrences in the RAS gene in patients with PDTC; the genetic alterations were associated with the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK/JNK, PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathways, and the cell cycle. DEG analysis showed that immune response was lower in cancer tissues than in normal tissues. Through the association analysis of somatic mutations and the characteristics of clinical pathology from patients with PDTC, the somatic mutations of ABCA12, CLIP1, and ATP13A3 were significantly associated with a vascular invasion phenotype. By providing molecular genetic insight on PDTC, this study may contribute to the discovery of novel therapeutic target candidates.
Pancancer analysis of the correlations of HS6ST2 with prognosis, tumor immunity, and drug resistance
Authors: Chen Weiwei , Li Xia , Jiang Youqin , Ni Daguang , Yang Longfei , Wu Jixiang , Gao Mingcheng , Wang Jin , Song Jianxiang , Shi Wenyu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHS6ST2 has ability to encodes a member of the heparan sulfate (HS) sulfotransferase gene family, which catalyze the transfer of sulfate to HS and a crucial regulator of cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, and migration. Although mounting evidence supports a vital role for HS6ST2 in tumorigenesis of some cancers, no pan-cancer analysis of HS6ST2 has been reported. Therefore, we aimed to explore the prognostic value of HS6ST2 in 33 cancer types and investigate its potential immune function. Based on data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Cancer Cell Lines Encyclopedia, Genotype Tissue Expression, and GSCA, we used a range of bioinformatics approaches to explore the potential carcinogenic role of HS6ST2, analysis of HS6ST2 and prognosis, DNA methylation, RNA methylation, microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor mutation burden (TMB), and immune cell infiltration in different tumors. The results show that HS6ST2 was highly expressed in most cancers but lower in Breast invasive carcinoma, Kidney Chromophobe, Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma, Kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma, and Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma. Moreover, HS6ST2 is positively or negatively associated with prognosis in different cancers. HS6ST2 expression was not only associated with MSI in 5 cancer types and associated with TMB in 10 cancer types, and it's significantly correlated with DNA methylation in 13 types of cancer, but it's correlated with RNA methylation related genes in most cancer. HS6ST2 expression was correlated with immune cell infiltration, immune-related genes, tumor immune microenvironment, and drug resistance in various cancers. Eventually, HS6ST2 was validated in human lung adenocarcinoma tissues. Our study reveals that HS6ST2 can function as a prognostic marker in various malignant tumors because of its role in tumorigenesis and tumor immunity.
The effect of wafer thinning and thermal capacitance on chip temperature of SiC Schottky diodes during surge currents
Authors: Damcevska Jenny , Dimitrijev Sima , Haasmann Daniel , Tanner Philip 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDue to superior material properties of SiC for high-voltage devices, SiC Schottky diodes are used in energy-conversion systems such as solar-cell inverters, battery chargers, and power modules for electric cars and unmanned aerial vehicles. The reliable operation of these systems requires the chip temperature of SiC Schottky diodes to be maintained within the limit set by the device package. This is especially crucial during surge-current events that dissipate heat within the device. As a thermal-management method, manufactures of commercial SiC Schottky diodes have introduced wafer thinning practices to reduce the thickness of the SiC chip and, consequently, to reduce its thermal resistance. However, this also leads to a reduction in the thermal capacitance. In this paper, we present experimental data and theoretical analysis to demonstrate that the reduced thermal capacitance has a much larger adverse effect in comparison to the beneficial reduction of the thermal resistance. An implication of the presented results is that, contrary to the adopted wafer thinning practices, SiC Schottky diodes fabricated without wafer thinning have superior surge-current capability.
Study on the freeze–thaw effect on concrete arch dam using an improved response surface method
Authors: Cai Qian , Yang Miaofan , Yang Jiangui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe damming materials will be deteriorated during the long-term service of concrete arch dam by weathering, seepage dissolution, freeze–thaw and other factors which will put dams at potential risk. However, there are few researches on the reliability assessment of arch dams considering the effect of material deterioration. In this paper, a prediction model of concrete mechanical properties under freeze–thaw cycles is established using regression analysis. Considering various uncertain factors, a time-varying structural reliability analysis model is established using finite element equivalent stress method and an optimized response surface method with improved sampling strategy and convergence criterion. A case study is later carried out. The results show that, at the early stage of freeze–thaw, the structural failure probability will increase steadily in a small range. However, as the tensile strength of concrete continues to decrease under long-time freeze–thaw action, the reliability of the arch dam structure will suddenly fall off a cliff. The proposed deterioration model and reliability analysis probability model are reasonable and practical and could be serve as a technical support for similar engineering projects.
Green synthesis, biological and molecular docking of some novel sulfonamide thiadiazole derivatives as potential insecticidal against Spodoptera littoralis
Authors: El-Saghier Ahmed M. , Enaili Souhaila S. , Kadry Asmaa M. , Abdou Aly , Gad Mohamed A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough crop plants provide the majority of human food, pests and insects frequently cause huge economic losses. In order to develop innovative insecticidal compounds with low toxicity and a positive environmental impact, we developed new N-(4-sulfamoylphenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-carboxamide derivatives (2–12). With the use of spectroscopic techniques and elemental data, the chemical structure of these new compounds was meticulously clarified. The toxicological and biological effects of the synthesized compound of the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval, 1833) under laboratory conditions were also investigated. Regarding the determined LC50 values, compounds 3, 7, 8, and 10 showed the most potent toxic effect with LC50 values of 29.60, 30.06, 27.65 and 29.01 ppm, respectively. A molecular docking investigation of twelve synthetic compounds (from compound 2 to compound 12) was performed against AChE (Acetylcholinesterase). There was a wide range of binding affinities shown by these compounds. This work suggests that these substances may have insecticidal and AChE inhibitory properties, and it may be possible to further explore them in the process of creating pesticides that target AChE.
Unusually high room and elevated-temperature tensile properties observed in direct aged wire-arc directed energy deposited Inconel 718
Authors: Song Jie , Jimenez Xavier A. , Russell Carissa , To Albert C. , Fu Yao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWire-arc directed energy deposition (DED) processed Inconel (IN) 718 is known to have coarse columnar grains, strong texture, and significant chemical and microstructural inhomogeneity in the as-fabricated condition. Homogenization treatment is commonly used prior to aging to eliminate the inhomogeneity and detrimental precipitation for better mechanical properties. In this study, however, direct aging (DA) at 700 °C without homogenization has resulted in room-temperature yield strength, ultimate tensile strength (UTS), and elongation that are comparable to wrought condition and among the highest reported properties for wire-arc DED IN718. The DA samples at between 650 and 750 °C aging also demonstrates remarkable ductility when deformed at elevated temperatures. In addition, when aged below 750 °C the DA IN718 possesses significantly higher UTS compared to those with homogenization treatment. These superior mechanical properties are highly likely due to the non-uniform and hierarchical precipitation consisting of disk-shaped γ″ in diameter from a few to tens of nm in the dendritic core area and micron-sized Laves phase and carbides in the inter-dendritic region.
The DNA-binding induced (de)AMPylation activity of a Coxiella burnetii Fic enzyme targets Histone H3
Authors: Höpfner Dorothea , Cichy Adam , Pogenberg Vivian , Krisp Christoph , Mezouar Soraya , Bach Nina C. , Grotheer Jan , Zarza Sandra Madariaga , Martinez Eric , Bonazzi Matteo , Feige Matthias J. , Sieber Stephan A. , Schlüter Hartmut , Itzen Aymelt 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe intracellular bacterial pathogen Coxiella burnetii evades the host response by secreting effector proteins that aid in establishing a replication-friendly niche. Bacterial filamentation induced by cyclic AMP (Fic) enzymes can act as effectors by covalently modifying target proteins with the posttranslational AMPylation by transferring adenosine monophosphate (AMP) from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to a hydroxyl-containing side chain. Here we identify the gene product of C. burnetii CBU_0822, termed C. burnetii Fic 2 (CbFic2), to AMPylate host cell histone H3 at serine 10 and serine 28. We show that CbFic2 acts as a bifunctional enzyme, both capable of AMPylation as well as deAMPylation, and is regulated by the binding of DNA via a C-terminal helix-turn-helix domain. We propose that CbFic2 performs AMPylation in its monomeric state, switching to a deAMPylating dimer upon DNA binding. This study unveils reversible histone modification by a specific enzyme of a pathogenic bacterium.
Nutritional stress compromises mosquito fitness and antiviral immunity, while enhancing dengue virus infection susceptibility
Authors: Yan Jiayue , Kim Chang-Hyun , Chesser Leta , Ramirez Jose L. , Stone Chris M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDiet-induced nutritional stress can influence pathogen transmission potential in mosquitoes by impacting life history traits, infection susceptibility, and immunity. To investigate these effects, we manipulate mosquito diets at larval and adult stages, creating two nutritional levels (low and normal), and expose adults to dengue virus (DENV). We observe that egg number is reduced by nutritional stress at both stages and viral exposure separately and jointly, while the likelihood of laying eggs is exclusively influenced by adult nutritional stress. Adult nutritional stress alone shortens survival, while any pairwise combination between both-stage stress and viral exposure have a synergistic effect. Additionally, adult nutritional stress increases susceptibility to DENV infection, while larval nutritional stress likely has a similar effect operating via smaller body size. Furthermore, adult nutritional stress negatively impacts viral titers in infected mosquitoes; however, some survive and show increased titers over time. The immune response to DENV infection is overall suppressed by larval and adult nutritional stress, with specific genes related to Toll, JAK-STAT, and Imd immune signaling pathways, and antimicrobial peptides being downregulated. Our findings underscore the importance of nutritional stress in shaping mosquito traits, infection outcomes, and immune responses, all of which impact the vectorial capacity for DENV transmission.
Food Digestion and Absorption
Authors: Anandharamakrishnan C. , Moses Jeyan Arthur , Priyanka S. 
Published: November 2023

Focusing on the complexity of the food digestion process from oral cavity to intestine, this book looks at the anatomical intricacies of the digestive system, techniques currently used to study food digestibility, the glycemic index and bioavailability of food components. It also provides a detailed understanding of various modification techniques, critical to any food product development, such as modification of food structure, its composition, and size.
Being the first of its kind to provide an in-depth idea of various stages of food digestion, whilst linking it with approaches in modifying foods so as to cater to specific food or functional requirements, the book provides an integrated approach. Existing methods to understand the process of food digestion and advances in artificial systems that have been used for such studies are presented, substantiated with findings from scientific publications. Apart from readers from the field of medicine, this book is highly inter-disciplinary and will attract readers from food science, nutrition and food physics.
Deciphering the anisotropic energy harvesting responses of an above room temperature molecular ferroelectric copper(ii) complex single crystal
Authors: Haldar Rajashi , Kumar Ajay , Mandal Dipankar , Shanmugam Maheswaran 
Published: November 2023

A molecular ferroelectric complex [Cu2(l-phe)2(bpy)2(H2O)](ClO4)2·2H2O exhibits anisotropic responses. This shows excellent mechanical/thermal energy harvesting efficiencies in single-crystal-PENG device, which exceed that of certain bulk oxides.
Ag and N-doped carbon dot-enhanced H2O2–Co2+ chemiluminescence and its application for the determination of Co2+ and hydroquinone
Authors: Wang Xiaowei , Wang Zixuan , Jiang Yamei , Han Suqin 
Published: November 2023

Exploiting the Co2+ enhancement of CL in the Ag–NCDs–H2O2 system and HQ’s proficient quenching in the Ag–NCDs–H2O2–Co2+ system, we devised a CL method for sequential Co2+ and HQ analysis in real samples.
Extraordinary Speech and Language Outcomes After Auditory Brainstem Implantation: Guidance From a Case Study
Authors: Herbert Carolyn J. , Kronenberger William G. , Wolfert Kim , Nelson Rick F. , Yates Charles W. , Pisoni David B. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
Large individual differences and poor speech recognition outcomes are routinely observed in most patients who have received auditory brainstem implants (ABIs). A case report of an ABI recipient with exceptionally good speech recognition outcomes presents an opportunity to better understand the core information processing mechanisms that underlie variability and individual differences in outcomes.

Method:
A case study is reported of an adult ABI recipient (ID-006) with postlingually acquired, Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2)–related hearing loss who displayed exceptional postoperative speech recognition scores. A novel battery of assessment measures was used to evaluate ID-006's auditory, cognitive, and linguistic information processing skills.

Results:
Seventeen years following ABI activation, ID-006 scored 77.6% correct on the AzBio Sentences in quiet. On auditory processing tasks, ID-006 scored higher on tasks with meaningful sentences and much lower on tasks that relied exclusively on audibility. ID-006 also demonstrated exceptionally strong abilities on several cognitive and linguistic information processing tasks.

Conclusions:
Results from a novel battery of information processing tests suggest that ID-006 relies extensively on top-down predictive processing and cognitive control strategies to efficiently encode and process auditory information provided by his ABI. Results suggest that current measures of outcomes and benefits should be expanded beyond conventional speech recognition measures to include more sensitive and robust measures of speech recognition as well as neurocognitive measures such as executive function, working memory, and lexical access.
A 2D hybrid analytical electromagnetic model of the dual‐stator axial‐field flux‐switching permanent magnet motor
Authors: Farrokh Fariba , Vahedi Abolfazl , Torkaman Hossein , Banejad Mahdi , Faradonbeh Vahid Zamani 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe two‐dimensional (2D) analytical model for the calculation of the components of the flux density distribution in the air gap in a dual‐stator axial‐field flux‐switching permanent magnet (PM) motor (DSAFFSPM) is presented. The novelties of this study are deriving a 2D hybrid analytical model and replacing the rotor teeth with some surface currents for the calculation of air‐gap magnetic flux density for the first time in the DSAFFSPM motor. The 2D analytical model for DSAFFSPMs is more challenging due to the doubly salient structure and inner PM of the stator. 1D analytical interior PMs are first transferred to the bore of the stator body using the magnetic equivalent circuit model (MEC). Next, the effects of the rotor teeth are taken into consideration by injecting virtual surface currents for 2D analytical model. Applying boundary conditions and solving the Laplace/Poisson equations, the vertical and tangential flux components of the flux density distribution in the air‐gap DSAFFSPM motor are computed. The verification of the proposed method and the obtained results are validated by the 3D finite element method.