bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating hourly air temperature in an Amazon-Cerrado transitional forest in Brazil using machine learning regression models
Authors: Maionchi Daniela , Gonçalves Junior , Balista Fabio , Junior Walter , de Paulo Sergio , de Paulo Iramaia , Biudes Marcelo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Air temperature holds significant importance in microclimate and environmental health studies, playing a crucial role in weather regulation. There is a need to develop a reliable model capable of accurately capturing air temperature variations. In this study, we focused on the Amazon-Cerrado transitional forest, constructing a robust predictive model for hourly temperature fluctuations. This forest, situated approximately 50 km northwest of Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil, is a transitional area, making it important to investigate its climatic behavior and ecosystems. We estimated air temperature using machine learning techniques such as Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, Multilayer Perceptron, and Support Vector Regressor, aiming to evaluate the most effective models based on relevant metrics. Performance assessments were conducted during both dry and rainy seasons to verify their adaptability. The top-performing Random Forest model demonstrated Willmott and Spearman indexes above 0.97. The air relative humidity, solar radiation, and volumetric soil water content were identified as the most important features, evaluated with Willmott and Spearman indexes above 0.95 in a model with such dimensionality reduction. These results underscore the efficacy of machine learning techniques in accurately estimating air temperature.
Evaluating the Portable X-ray Fluorescence Reliability for Metal(loid)s Detection and Soil Contamination Status
Authors: Alqattan Zain Alabdain , Artiola Janick F. , Walls Dan , Ramírez-Andreotta Mónica D. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Environmental Justice (EJ) communities may experience barriers that can prevent soil monitoring efforts and knowledge transfer. To address this gap, this study compared two analytical methods: portable X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (pXRF, less time and costs) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS, “gold standard”). Surface soil samples were collected from yards and gardens in three counties in Arizona, USA (N=124) and public areas in Troy, New York, USA (N=33). Statistical calculations, i.e., two-sample t-tests, Bland-Altman plots, and a two-way ANOVA indicated no significant difference for As, Ba, Ca, Cu, Mn, Pb, and Zn concentrations except for Ba in the two-sample t-test. Iron, Ni, Cr, and K were statistically different for Arizona soils and V, Ni, Fe and Al concentrations were statistically different for New York soils. To assess the degree of contamination, a pollution load index (PLI), enrichment factors (EF), and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) were calculated for both methods using U.S. Geological Survey soils data. The PLI were >1, indicating pollution across the two states. Between pXRF and ICP-MS, the Igeo and EF in Arizona had similar degree of soil contamination for most elements except Zn in garden and Pb in yard, respectively. In New York, the Igeo of As, Cu, and Zn differed by an order of magnitude between the two methods. The results of this study demonstrate that pXRF is a reliable method for the inexpensive and rapid analysis of As, Ba, Ca, Cu, Mn, Pb, and Zn. Thus, EJ communities may use pXRF to screen large numbers of soil samples for several environmentally relevant contaminants to protect environmental public health.
Abnormal resting-state functional connectivity in subregions of amygdala in adults and adolescents with major depressive disorder
Authors: Guan Lin , Liu Rui , Zhou Jingjing , Wang Yun , Feng Yuan , Liu Jing , Zhou Yuan , Wang Gang , Chen Xu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background: The atypical symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents suggest there may be differences in the pathophysiology between adolescents and adults with MDD. There is limited knowledge about the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of amygdala subregions in MDD patients of different age groups, despite amygdala is believed to be critical in the pathophysiology.
Methods: In the current study, 65 adolescents (46 with MDD and 19 controls) and 91 adults (35 with MDD and 56 controls) were recruited. A seed-based functional connectivity analysis was performed for each of the amygdala subregions. A 2×2 ANOVA was used to analyze the main effect of age, diagnosis, and their interaction on the rsFC of each subregion.
Results: Significant main effect of age was revealed in the rsFC of bilateral centromedial (CM) subregions and right laterobasal (LB) subregion with several brain regions in the limbic system and frontoparietal network. Significant main effect of diagnosis showed MDD patients of different age showed a higher connectivity than controls between the right LB and left middle frontal gyrus (MFG).
Conclusions: The rsFC of specific amygdala subregions with brain regions in limbic system and frontoparietal network is affected by age, indicating a distinct amygdala connectivity profile in adolescents. The decreased rsFC between the right LB and the left MFG in both adolescents and adults with MDD could potentially serve as a biomarker for early diagnosis of MDD.
Characterization of Porous Cellulose Triacetate Derived from Kapok Fibres (Ceiba pentandra) as a Tool to Enhance Crude Oil Absorption
Authors: Alessandro Larsen , Chan Eric Wei Chiang , Jaafar Juhana , Beardall John , Soo Michelle Oi Yoon 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Kapok fibre is a natural fibre obtained from the seed pods of the kapok tree (Ceiba pentandra). Cellulose triacetate (CTA) is a cellulose derivative in which hydroxyl groups of cellulose were converted into acetyl groups. In this study, high purity cellulose was extracted from kapok fibres and was converted to CTA. The produced CTA showed a high degree of substitution (DS) (2.9) by titration, which was confirmed by 1H- and 13C-NMR. CTA was soluble in non-polar chloroform and the conversion of hydroxyl groups into acetyl groups was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscoy (FTIR). From Thermogravimetric Analysis-Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TGA-DSC) results, CTA is thermally more stable than delignified kapok fibre where at the same time, CTA needed more energy to crystallize. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) showed the decrease in crystallinity of CTA compared to delignified kapok fibre due to the presence of acetyl groups. Visually, CTA produced is irregular in shape and porous. 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR were used to confirm the CTA produced by looking at the molecular conformation. CTA from kapok exhibited stability in higher temperature, is porous and less crystalline than unmodified cellulose. CTA significantly increased the porosity of PVDF membranes, thereby enhancing its oil absorption capacities and suggesting that CTA is suitable as an additive to improve the properties of a membrane that is specifically designed for oil spill remediation.
Lateral Density Distributions of Cherenkov Photons at Different Altitudes
Authors: Li Xinlong , Chen Tianlu , Feng Youliang , Zhou Qingqian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Astrophysical very high energy (VHE) gamma-rays (with energies > 30 GeV) are believed to result almost exclusively from the interactions of populations of highly relativistic particles with ambient matter or photon ﬁelds. The study of these VHE photons therefore allows us to examine the processes of particle acceleration in the Universe, and the extreme environments in which they occur. Gamma-rays are also highly directional, making them useful for studying the origin, acceleration, propagation, and composition of cosmic rays. This study uses the Monte Carlo method to simulate the process of extensive air showers being initiated when primary incident γ-rays interact with the atmosphere. The ultimate goal is to investigate and analyze the properties and lateral density distributions of Cherenkov light at different altitudes. The simulation considers various energies and zenith angles. The results show that a hump in the lateral density distribution of Cherenkov light is a distinctive feature of a γ-initiated shower, with the hump becoming less prominent at higher energy levels and altitudes. These significant findings not only facilitate better fitting of experimental data obtained from actual extensive air showers but also assist with estimating readings from detectors, thus advancing our understanding of these processes.
Sensory Manipulation as a Countermeasure to Robot Teleoperation Delays: System and Evidence
Authors: Du Jing , Vann William , Zhou Tianyu , Ye Yang , Zhu Qi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the realm of robotics and automation, robot teleoperation, which facilitates human-machine interaction in distant or hazardous settings, has surged in significance. A persistent issue in this domain is the delays between command issuance and action execution, causing negative repercussions on operator situational awareness, performance, and cognitive load. These delays, particularly in long-distance operations, are difficult to mitigate even with the most advanced computing advancements. Current solutions mainly revolve around machine-based adjustments to combat these delays. However, a notable lacuna remains in harnessing human perceptions for an enhanced subjective teleoperation experience. This paper introduces a novel approach of sensory manipulation for induced human adaptation in delayed teleoperation. Drawing from motor learning and rehabilitation principles, it is posited that strategic sensory manipulation, via altered sensory stimuli, can mitigate the subjective feeling of these delays. The focus is not on introducing new skills or adapting to novel conditions; rather, it leverages prior motor coordination experience in the context of delays. The objective is to reduce the need for extensive training or sophisticated automation designs. A human-centered experiment involving 41 participants was conducted to examine the effects of modified haptic cues in teleoperations with delays. These cues were generated from high-fidelity physics engines using parameters from robot-end sensors or physics engine simulations. The results underscored several benefits, notably the considerable reduction in task time and enhanced user perceptions about visual delays. Real-time haptic feedback, or the anchoring method, emerged as a significant contributor to these benefits, showcasing reduced cognitive load, bolstered self-confidence, and minimized frustration. Beyond the prevalent methods of automation design and training, this research underscores induced human adaptation as a pivotal avenue in robot teleoperation. It seeks to enhance teleoperation efficacy through rapid human adaptation, offering insights beyond just optimizing robotic systems for delay compensations.
Tumor-associated macrophages-related gene signature for prediction of prognosis and immunotherapy response in head and neck squamous carcinomas
Authors: Li Jinyun , Ni Shumin , Ye Meng , Lou Pengrong , Zhou Chongchang , Ren Yuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The immune cells that infiltrate the tumor microenvironment most frequently are tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Increasing evidence has shown the positive correlation of TAMs with poor outcomes in human cancers. Yet, only a small number of studies have revealed the unique TAM characteristic in HNSCC. The development of a TAM-related forecasting model in HNSCC was the main aim of this research.
Methods
The Tumor Immune Single-cell Hub single-cell RNA-seq database was searched to investigate the putative TAM-related genes in HNSCC. Using non-negative matrix factorization, the HNSCC sub-cluster based on TAM-related gene expression was identified. The functional categories of the TAM-related genes were characterized via gene ontology, KEGG signaling pathway, and immune-related functions analyses. Next, using information from The Cancer Genome Atlas, LASSO and Cox regression analyses were performed to establish the TMA-related prognostic model. This model was then verified using information from Gene Expression Omnibus, and a nomogram was then developed. Immunophenoscore and pRRophetic were used to predict the patient's response to immunotherapy and chemotherapy drugs.
Results
We constructed a 12 TAM-related signature risk model, as well as nomograms, and then the risk model was employed to classify HNSCC patients into low- and high-risk groups. The high-risk patients recorded an unfavorable disease-specific survival, progression-free survival, and overall survival. Additionally, patients in the high-risk group demonstrated worse immunotherapy response and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs contrasted with those in the low-risk group.
Conclusion
In summary, the 12-TAM-related signature could predict the prognosis of HNSCC individuals accurately and may offer fresh perspectives on clinical applications and immunotherapy.
Study on the relationship between serum iodine malnutrition and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies
Authors: Song Qiuyi , Xu Tingting , Wang Yu , Wei Hongyan , Chen Yanting , Fang Fang , Cui Tingkai , Pan Ziyun , Guo Xiaohui , Chen Wen , Shen Jun , Zhang Wanqi , Tan Long 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Iodine deficiency results in elevated thyroglobulin (Tg) concentrations, with high iodine Tg being more immunogenic than low iodine Tg. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum iodine concentration and thyroglobulin autoantibody (TgAb) levels under different iodine nutritional statuses. Demographic information was collected from 1,482 participants through a questionnaire. Blood and spot urine were collected to measure thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), TgAb, thyroid anti-peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), total iodine (StI), serum non-protein-bound iodine (snPBI), urine iodine (UIC), creatinine (UCr). The median UIC and StI were 146.46 µg/L and 74.85 µg/L, respectively. A linear relationship was observed between StI, snPBI, and sPBI (P < 0.001). The 90% medical reference values for StI, snPBI, and sPBI were 50.74-120.66 µg/L, 21.86–52.87 µg/L, and 19.65–77.92 µg/L, respectively. The positive rate of TgAb was significantly higher in women than in men (P < 0.001). Both low and high levels of snPBI and sPBI were associated with an increased risk of elevated TgAb levels. In women, the risk of positive TgAb in the group below the reference value of snPBI (OR = 2.079, 95%CI: 1.166, 3.705) and sPBI (OR = 2.578, 95%CI: 1.419, 4.684) was higher. In men, the risk of positive TgAb in the group below the reference value of StI was higher (OR = 3.395, 95%CI: 1.286, 8.962). Iodine might influence TgAb levels by altering the iodine content of Tg, thus contributing to the development of autoimmune thyroid disorders.
Age affects lateral spurring after pediatric humerus lateral condyle fractures: A retrospective cohort study Authorship
Authors: Liu Tao , Yang Fang , Dong Chuan , Li Yuancheng , Liu Yu , Yin Xing , Han Saiping , Zhou Wei , Li Nan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background:
Lateral spurring is frequently observed after lateral condyle fractures of the humerus in children. Despite its frequent recognition, few previous studies have defined this phenomenon, explored a correlation with any fracture or treatment characteristics, nor assessed its clinical significance.
Methods:
Information of 146 lateral condyle fractures in children from June 2015 to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed and an database was established. Lateral spurring was defined as a bony overgrowth over the lateral aspect of the lateral condyle resulting in imaging irregularity on radiography. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for lateral spurring, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the impact of independent risk factors.
Results:
Among the 146 fractures identified, 6.6% were treated with cast immobilization, 93.4% with open reduction and internal fixation, and none with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning. In total, 110(75.3%) patients developed a lateral spur, age was identified as an independent risk factor for lateral spurring(P<0.001), and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.806(95% confidence interval [CI] 0.729-0.883, P<0.001). At age 61.5 months, the Youden index reached its maximum with a sensitivity of 86.1% and specificity of 65.5%, Patients with age less than 61.5 months had a higher lateral spurring, the Relative Prevalence (RP) was 1.70.
Conclusions:
The development of lateral spurring closely correlates with patient age, the incidence of lateral spurring decreases with age, the incidence of lateral spurring was higher in patients younger than 61.5 months. The presence of a lateral spur after an LCF of the humerus does not influence the function or the appearance of the elbow.
Level of Evidence:
Level Ⅳ— retrospective study.
Identification of disulfidptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma based on single-cell and bulk RNA-seq data to predict prognosis and treatment response
Authors: Zhang Xiaodan , Du Jianting , Lin Xiao , Zhang Shuliang , Zeng Taidui , Chen Maohui , Huang Guanglei , Chen Chun , Zheng Bin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Our study aims to identify the molecular subtypes of genes associated with disulfidptosis in ESCC, construct a scoring model to explore the differences in tumor growth behavior and find novel potential therapeutic targets.
Methods
Consensus cluster analysis was performed based on the GSE53625 dataset. The prognostic signature was constructed using univariate, multivariate, and Lasso-Cox regression analysis. The TCGA-ESCC dataset and single-cell RNA-seq data from the GSE160269 dataset was combined with trajectory analysis to analyze the prognostic signature. Additionally, the differences in tumor growth patterns, immune microenvironment, and cellular communication were explored, immunotherapy effects were predicted between high- and low-score groups, and potential therapeutic strategies were investigated to provide ideas for follow-up studies.
Results
We identified two distinct patterns of disulfidptosis expression with significant differences in overall survival. Then, we constructed the prognostic signature of disulfidptosis, and results showed patients with high score had worse prognosis. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that the constructed prognostic signature was an independent prognostic factor and was validated in an independent validation set. The two subgroups differed in the proportion of immune cell infiltration and related signaling pathways in ESCC. The exploration of immunotherapy data confirmed our prognostic signature also had certain predictive power for immunotherapy. Regarding drug prediction, the results suggested the EGFR inhibitor had a stronger inhibitory effect on the low-score group.
Conclusion
This study provides a new prognostic signature for ESCC, explores new therapeutic targets, and provides new theoretical support for personalized treatment.
Unveiling the cholesterol metabolism-Multiple Myeloma Linkage: Insights from Integrative Analysis of GEO and COMPASS-MMRF databases and Mendelian Randomization
Authors: Yang Huiye , Qin Meilian , Zhu Jie , Song Shuangshuang , Shi Meili , Wang Xiaotao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common incurable hematologic malignancy. Increasing evidence implicates cholesterol metabolism in MM progression. This study evaluates the influence of cholesterol-associated apolipoproteins and lipoproteins on MM development and drug resistance using bioinformatics and Mendelian randomization analyses. Additionally, it assesses the prognostic value of hub genes in MM progression.
Methods
Multiple MM datasets and clinical data were sourced from the GEO database and COMPASS-MMRF. Differential analysis was conducted on the GSE136725 and GSE110486 datasets, disclosing 71 genes linked with MM progression. APOE emerged as a central gene via PPI network intersection analysis and was corroborated in GSE179929 and GSE68871. Its engagement in cholesterol metabolism was authenticated through GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Prognostic models, encompassing APOE and pertinent clinical parameters, were formulated and appraised utilizing KM curves, Cox regression, and Nomograms. Additionally, a Mendelian randomization study probed the causal effects of cholesterol metabolism-associated lipoproteins on MM.
Results
APOE, as a pivotal gene, exhibited a correlation with the cholesterol metabolism pathway in MM patients. It manifested heightened expression in MM patients with disease progression and inadequate remission, revealing a correlation with patient gender. The amalgamated prognostic model, encompassing age, gender, stage, and APOE expression, accurately prognosticated MM patient survival at 1, 3, and 5 years. Moreover, IVW analysis unveiled a substantial association between IDL and MM risk.
Conclusions
To summarize, our investigation pinpoints APOE as a crucial gene in MM progression, notably overexpressed in advancing and recalcitrant cases, potentially serving as a prognostic indicator. Additionally, the co-expression of IDL and APOE sheds new light on an innovative mechanism underpinning MM advancement.
LncRNA PART1 promotes malignant biological behaviors associated with head and neck cancer cells by synergistic action with FUT6
Authors: Yao Yanheng , Shi Jiyuan , Gao Yunran , Xu Xiling , Zhang Yuxin , Bai Suwen , Wu Jing , Du Juan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the role of lncRNA PART1 in migration, proliferation, and apoptosis in head and neck cancer (HNC) cell lines and its relationship with FUT6 in tumorigenesis and progression. Bioinformatics analysis and qRT‒PCR showed that lncRNA PART1 was expressed at low levels in HNC. The results of proliferation, apoptosis, migration and flow cytometry showed that the low expression of lncRNA PART1 inhibited the apoptosis of HN4 cells and promoted the migration and proliferation of HN4 cells. Through bioinformatics analysis, FUT6 was found to be expressed at low levels in HNC and correlated with patient survival. Immunohistochemical, qRT-PCR results showed that FUT6 was underexpressed in tumor tissues and HN4 cells. Cell and animal experiments showed that overexpression of FUT6 could inhibit tumor proliferation and migration. Bioinformatics analysis showed that lncRNA PART1 was positively correlated with FUT6. By qRT‒PCR, we observed that after knockdown of lncRNA PART1, both the mRNA and protein expression levels of FUT6 were reduced. The above results indicated that lncRNA PART1 and FUT6 were poorly expressed in HNC and that lncRNA PART1 affected the development of cancer by interacting with FUT6.