bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Posterior default mode network activity underlies distracted interoceptive attention and provides an objective basis for low mindfulness &amp; depression
Authors: Mishra Jyoti , Ramanathan Dhakshin , Grennan Gillian , Nan Jason , jaiswal Satish , Purpura Suzanna , Manchanda James , Maric Vojislav , Balasubramani Pragathi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Interoceptive attention to internal sensory signals is fundamental to mindfulness. However, it is difficult to measure objectively, and the vast majority of investigations of the neural correlates of mindfulness-based attention rely on subjective and retrospective measures of distraction. In this study, we measured consistency of response times on a breath-monitoring task (instruction to respond every 2 breath cycles) to objectively measure interoceptive attention in individuals across the lifespan (15–91 years of age, n = 324). Consistently timed responses were indicative of on-task attention, whereas variable delayed responses indicated distraction or mind-wandering. Signifying the importance of interoceptive attention consistency, we observed that this measure was positively correlated across subjects with performance across several exteroceptive cognitive tasks. Electroencephalographic (EEG) source reconstruction demonstrated that distraction on the eyes-closed task was associated with elevated alpha band (8–12 Hz) brain activity particularly in posterior default mode network (pDMN) brain regions. The neural data revealed four important findings: 1) pDMN brain activity was inversely linked with functional connectivity to the fronto-parietal network (FPN), suggesting that pDMN-FPN interactions play a key role in the regulation of pDMN activity during interoceptive attention. 2) pDMN activity on distracted trials was inversely correlated with trait level mindfulness. 3) A key hub of the pDMN, the isthmus region of the posterior cingulate cortex (ICC), showed elevated activity on distracted trials in individuals with self-reported depressive symptoms. And 4) in an independent second experiment, pDMN activity was adaptively modulated by task difficulty that invoked different levels of distraction. These results identify an EEG-based neurophysiological marker (elevated pDMN alpha activity) underlying interoceptive distraction, which is correlated with subjective markers of mindfulness and depression and that can be adaptively modulated. Our findings, thus, provide a direct link between a neurophysiological substrate of interoceptive attention, and subjective ratings of mindfulness and depressed mood.
A robust innovative pipeline-based machine learning framework for predicting COVID-19 in Mexican Patients
Authors: Abnoosian karlo , Farnoosh Rahman 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

One of the infectious diseases that were first identified in late 2019 in Wuhan, China, is COVID-19, which has killed many people around the world. Understanding the available COVID-19 data sets can help healthcare professionals identify some cases at an early stage. This paper proposes an innovative pipeline-based framework to predict death or survival from the COVID-19 disease on the Covid-19MPD dataset. Preprocessing, in the proposed framework, is an important part of achieving a high-quality result. Various machine learning models with optimal hyper parameters are implemented in the proposed framework. Using the same experimental conditions and data set, multiple experiments were performed with different combinations of preprocessing and models to maximize the AUC for predicting COVID-19 disease. Because the dimensions of the data were relatively large, and however, must find features that have an impact on death or survival from COVID-19. Feature dimensions' reduction methods such as PCA, ICA, and feature selection methods such as maximum relevance minimum redundancy, and permutation feature importance were used. Finding the feathers that have a great impact on the death or survival of the patient can help experts in the treatment of this disease and be able to control and ultimately treat this disease more efficiently. After various experiments of the proposed framework with standardized data and AUC with four components with the k-nearest neighbor algorithm, compared to other experiments, it was able to attain the optimal result in terms of AUC (100%).Because of the optimal nature of this framework in predicting COVID-19, it can be used in the smart systems of medical centers.
Y-Linked Lysine(K) Demethylase 5D as a regulator of sex-specific bladder cancer metastasis and prognosis
Authors: Ran Yuefei , Liu Ji , Zhang Wentao , Zhang Jingcheng , Zhang Zhijin , Xu Tianyuan , Mao Shiyu , Hao Yajuan , Hu ShuaiShuai , Yan Yang , Yao Xudong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background Current research in clinical oncology is focused on exploring gender-based variations in cancer risk and prognosis. Male bladder cancer incidence significantly surpasses that in females across the world. While several factors contribute to variations in cancer susceptibility between sex, a burgeoning body of research underscores the signififcance of distinct activity levels in Y-linked tumor suppressor genes in males and females. Here, we investigate the role of Y-linked lysine(K) demethylase 5D (KDM5D) in the prognosis and metastasis of bladder cancer. Methods By conducting Quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), Western Blot, immunohistochemistry, fluorescence, tumor microenvironment analysis, and bioinformatics pathway analysis on bladder cancer cell lines, bladder cancer tissues, adjacent normal epithelial tissues, combined with statistical analysis using SPSS, Results it was found that KDM5D is low expression in male bladder cancer. Moreover, this underexpression is associated with higher recurrence and metastasis rates. In silico analysis suggests that KDM5D may influence tumor metastasis or recurrence through inflammation response and EMT. Conclusion These findings not only provide evidence to support further precision medicine efforts but also offer new insights for bladder cancer recurrence or metastasis.
Context-specific synthetic T cell promoters from assembled transcriptional elements
Authors: Wei Jia , Mukherjee Rithun , Ishida Taylor , Rosser James , Saxby Chris , Chase John , Carlson Marc , Sather Cassie , Rahfeldt Wolfgang , Meechan Michael , Baldwin Michael , Flint Lindsay , Spurrell Cailyn , Gustafson Joshua , Johnson Adam , Appelbaum Jacob , Jensen Michael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Genetic engineering of human lymphocytes for therapeutic applications is constrained by a lack of transgene transcriptional control, resulting in a compromised therapeutic index. Incomplete understanding of transcriptional logic limits the rational design of contextually responsive genetic modules1. Here, we juxtaposed rationally curated transcriptional response element (TRE) oligonucleotides by random concatemerization to generate a library from which we selected context-specific inducible synthetic promoters (iSynPros). Through functional selection, we screened an iSynPro library for “IF-THEN” logic-gated transcriptional responses in human CD8+ T cells expressing a 4-1BB second generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). iSynPros exhibiting stringent off-states in quiescent T cells and CAR activation-dependent transcriptional responsiveness were cloned and subjected to TRE composition and pattern analysis, as well as performance in regulating candidate antitumor potency enhancement modules. These data reveal synthetic TRE grammar can mediate logic-gated transgene transcription in human T cells that, when applied to CAR T cell engineering, enhance potency and improve therapeutic indices.
Clinical nurses’ work-life balance prediction due to patient safety incidents using classification and regression tree analysis: A secondary data analysis
Authors: Kang Jiwon , Kwon Soon-Sun , Lee Youngjin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Patient safety incidents lead to performance difficulties for nurses when providing nursing practice. This affects work-life balance and causes second and third-victimization. This study predicts factors affecting clinical nurses’ work-life balance due to patient safety incidents using classification and regression tree analysis techniques.
Methods
This study was a secondary analysis of data from a cohort research project, which used a descriptive survey for data collection. Participants comprised 372 nurses. Data were collected using SurveyMonkey, a mobile-based survey software solution, from January to September 2021. Data included the general characteristics of clinical nurses, second damage, second damage support, third damage, and work-life balance. The data were analyzed using Lasso. Variables with low explanatory power were excluded, thereafter, the variables selected by Lasso were analyzed with a classification and regression tree model to predict work-life balance.
Results
A regression tree was applied to predict work-life balance using seven variables—education level, marital status, position, physical distress, second-victim support, turnover intentions, and absenteeism (selected through Lasso analysis). After pruning, at tree size four, when turnover intentions were < 4.250, physical distress < 2.875, and second-victim support < 2.345, the predicted work-life balance was 3.972. However, when turnover intentions were < 4.250, physical distress < 2.875, and second-victim support ≥ 2.345, then the predicted work-life balance was 2.760.
Conclusions
This study’s results can be used as fundamental data for formulating workforce risk management strategies, such as managing each nurse’s occupational stress. Ultimately, they can help improve organizational culture to prevent the recurrence of additional patient safety incidents.
Association between subsequent autoimmune disease and prior enterovirus infection in children: A population-based study in Taiwan
Authors: Shen Yu-Chuan , Hsu Hui-Ching , Lin Tzu-Min , Chang Yu-Sheng , Chen Wei-Sheng , Kuo Tzu-Tung , Lin Wei-Jui , Chen Shu-Chuan , Chang Ching-Kuei , Lee Hsiang-Gyen , Chen Jin-Hua , Chang ChiChing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Infection events can trigger autoimmune responses in several chronic inflammatory diseases; however, no study has focused on their effects in patients with enterovirus (EV) infection. We aimed to investigate the association between EV infection and the risk of autoimmune diseases.
Materials and Methods:
We used insurance claims data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) to investigate autoimmune disease (AD) incidence with or without a diagnosis of EV infection from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2015. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) and hazard ratios (HRs) of ADs for EV infection were estimated using Cox’s proportional hazard regression model.
Results:
Overall AD incidence was higher in the EV-infection cohort (37.68 per 100,000 person-years) than in the non-EV-infection cohort (25.78 per 100,000 person-years). The AD incidence rate ratio in the EV-infection cohort was 1.46 (95% CI: 1.34 to 1.60) with an adjusted HR of 1.57 (95% CI: 1.43 to 1.72) compared with the non-EV-infection cohort. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of the EV group was higher for particular organ-specific ADs, such as Type 1 diabetes mellitus (aHR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.0 to 1.62) and Henoch-Schönlein purpura (2.14, 1.84-2.49). Furthermore, the adjusted hazard ratio of the EV group was also higher for particular systemic ADs, such as juvenile ankylosing spondylitis (1.85, 1.33-2.59) and systemic vasculitis (1.25, 1.01-1.54).
Conclusion: The risk of autoimmune disease in the EV-infection cohort is higher than the non-EV-infection cohort.
English Channel Winter Storminess has increased to levels last seen 200 years ago
Authors: Cornes Richard , Jones Philip 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Information from a variety of sources has suggested that an increased rate of storminess was experienced across the British Isles in the late eighteenth/early nineteenth century. However, it is not clear how stormy that period was relative to current conditions. Using newly recovered barometric pressure data that extend back to 1748 we show here that winter storminess across the English Channel has increased since the 1870s and has now reached a level that is comparable to that experienced during 1790-1820s. However, the nature of the storm activity was quite different in the two periods: current wind increases are restricted to the winter season and originate from a south-westerly direction whereas elevated storminess in the early period extended to the summer season and the wind direction was more variable. While a strengthened North Atlantic jet stream is implicated in both periods, in the early period it is likely that the storm track shifted slightly to a more southerly location whereas in the most recent period the increases in storminess are associated with an extension of the jet north-eastwards across the British Isles. We discuss the potential forcing mechanisms responsible for the changes in storminess across the region over this multi-century timeframe.
Simian Varicella Virus Infection and Reactivation in Rhesus Macaques Trigger Cytokine and Aβ40/42 Alterations in Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid
Authors: Niemeyer Christy S , Traina-Dorge Vicki , Doyle-Meyers Lara , Das Arpita , Looper Jayme , Mescher Teresa , Feia Brittany , Medina Eva , Nagel Maria A. , Mahalingam Ravi , Bubak Andrew N. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Simian varicella virus (SVV) produces peripheral inflammatory responses during varicella (primary infection) and zoster (reactivation) in rhesus macaques (RM). However, it is unclear if peripheral measures are accurate proxies for central nervous system (CNS) responses. Thus, we analyzed cytokine and Aβ42/Aβ40 changes in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during the course of infection. During varicella and zoster, every RM had variable changes in serum and CSF cytokine and Aβ42/Aβ40 levels compared to pre-inoculation levels. Overall, peripheral infection appears to affect CNS cytokine and Aβ42/Aβ40 levels independent of serum responses, suggesting that peripheral disease may contribute to CNS disease.
Rift-inversion orogens are potential hotspots for natural H2 generation
Authors: Zwaan Frank , Brune Sascha , Glerum Anne , Vasey Dylan A. , Naliboff John B. , Manatschal Gianreto , Gaucher Eric C. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Naturally occurring hydrogen gas (H2) represents a potentially major source of clean energy. The most promising mechanism for large-scale natural H2 generation is serpentinization where mantle material reacts with water while passing through a temperature-dependent “serpentinization window” (T = 200-350˚C) during mantle exhumation. We study such serpentinization-related natural H2 generation during rifting and subsequent formation of rift-inversion orogens by means of numerical geodynamic models. In these models we trace how, when, and where mantle material enters the serpentinization window, as well as when active deformation along fault zones in mantle bodies may allow for water circulation and serpentinization to occur. Although serpentinization-related natural H2 generation is best known from rifted margins and spreading ridges, we find that volumes of natural H2 generated during inversion may be up to 20 times larger than during rifting, due to a colder thermal regime. Moreover, suitable reservoirs and seals are readily available in rift-inversion orogens, whereas they may not be present during serpentinization in rift settings. Our model results thus provide a first-order motivation to turn to rift- inversion orogens for natural H2 exploration, as supported by indications of natural H2 generation in the Western Alps, Pyrenees, and Caucasus.
Establishment of a constitutive model for the solid granules medium and its application in sheet metal forming
Authors: Shi Haiwei , Zhao Changcai , Shen Guoyi , Liu Zheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The solid granules medium forming process is a new type of forming process that employs solid granules medium as the medium for force transfer. To effectively predict experimental results, establishing an appropriate simulation model for the SGMF process is paramount. However, due to the intricate contact and frictional relationships inherent within solid granules medium, the precise development of constitutive models for these materials remains a significant challenge. In this study, the mechanical properties of the solid granules medium were investigated by triaxial compression tests, and the results showed that these properties were similar to those of over-consolidated soil or dense sand. Then, based on the parameters of the triaxial compression test, four different mechanical models for the solid granules medium were constructed, including the Mohr-Coulomb model, Drucker-Prager model, Drucker-Prager Cap model and DEM-FEM model. These models are used to numerically simulate the pressure transfer performance within the solid granules medium. Comparison with experimental data shows that the Drucker-Prager Cap model can predict the pressure transfer performance of solid granules medium with greater precision. Finally, the solid granules medium is employed in conducting the deep drawing test of 08Al cylindrical parts with hemispherical bottom, and the results are compared with the finite element model. The accuracy of the Drucker-Prager Cap model in predicting the thickness distribution of formed parts is confirmed. Therefore, the model can be used as the constitutive model for solid granules medium forming in the simulation model.
A distinct and reproducible teleconnection pattern over North America during extreme El Niño events
Authors: Beniche Margot , Vialard Jérôme , Lengaigne Matthieu , Voldoire Aurore , Srini Gangiredla , Hall Nicholas M.J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnections are an important predictability source for extratropical seasonal climate forecasts. Previous studies suggest that the ENSO teleconnection pattern depends on the ENSO phase (El Niño vs. La Niña) and/or Sea Surface Temperature (SST) pattern (central Pacific vs. eastern Pacific El Niño events). Observations and ensemble simulations with the CNRM-CM6.1 atmospheric general circulation model indicate that only extreme El Niño events (e.g. 1982-83, 1997-98, 2015-16) display a statistically significant eastward shift relative to the well-known Pacific-North American (PNA) teleconnection pattern that occurs during any type of moderate El Niño or during La Niña. This specific teleconnection pattern emerges when equatorial SST anomalies are both eastward-shifted and sufficiently large to exceed the deep atmospheric convection threshold over most of the eastern Pacific, resulting in a basin-wide reorganization of tropospheric heat sources. It yields > 0.5 std wet conditions over California (74\% likelihood) as well as > 0.5 std warm anomalies over Canada and the Northern United States (71\% likelihood), with more consistency across events and ensemble members than for any other El Niño or La Niña type. These findings hold important implications for the seasonal forecasting of El Niño’s impacts on the North American climate.
Good syndrome combined with myelodysplastic syndrome and multiple microbial pulmonary infections: A case report and literature review
Authors: Ye Yucai , Wang Juan , Bao Bahu , Chen Guorong , Hu Aoyan , Sun Jingzi , Liu Weiying 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Good syndrome (GS) is a rare acquired immunodeficiency disease characterized by thymoma and hypogammaglobulinemia that predisposes to the risk of recurrent infections with multiple pathogens.
Case representation
We describe the case of a 37-year-old male with GS who had a history of thymoma resection combined with myelodysplastic syndrome and was hospitalized multiple times for infections. The patient was admitted to our hospital with reoccurring fever, empirical antimicrobial therapy was ineffective, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, cytomegalovirus, fine cyclic virus, Candida albicans, and Pneumocystis japonicus infections were identified by high-throughput sequencing technology (NGS) testing of alveolar lavage fluid, and the patient's symptoms resolved and immunity was improved with targeted anti-infective therapy.
Conclusion
When patients with thymoma have recurrent abnormal infections, immunologic testing should be performed to clarify whether GS is present, and anti-infective therapy should be aggressively administered.
Developing Generic Templates to Shape the Future for Conducting Integrated Research Platform Trials
Authors: Mesenbrink Peter , Gidh-Jain Madhavi , Parke Tom , Koenig Franz , Spiertz Cecile 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background:Interventional clinical studies conducted in the regulated drug research environment are designed using International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) regulatory guidance documents: ICH E6 (R2) Good clinical practice - Scientific guideline, first published in 2002 and last updated in 2016. This document provides an international ethical and scientific quality standard for designing and conducting trials that involve the participation of human subjects. Recently, there has been heightened awareness of the importance of integrated research platform trials (IRPs) designed to evaluate multiple therapies simultaneously. The use of a single master protocol as a key source document to fulfil trial conduct obligations has resulted in a re-examination of the templates used to fulfill the dynamic regulatory and modern drug development environment challenges.Methods:Regulatory medical writing, biostatistical, and other members of EU Patient-cEntric clinicAl tRial pLatforms (EU-PEARL) developed the suite of templates for IRPs over a 3.5-year period. Stakeholders contributing expertise included academic hospitals, pharmaceutical companies, non-governmental organizations, patient representative groups, and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).Results:The suite of templates for IRPs based on TransCelerate’s Common Protocol Template (CPT) and statistical analysis plan (SAP) should help authors navigate relevant guidelines as they create study design content relevant for today’s IRP studies. It offers practical suggestions for adaptive platform designs which offer flexible features such as dropping treatments for futility or adding new treatments to be tested during a trial. The EU-PEARL suite of templates for IRPs comprises a Preface, followed by the actual resource. The Preface clarifies intended use and underlying principles that inform resource utility. The Preface lists references contributing to development of the resource. The resource includes TransCelerate CPT guidance text, and EU-PEARL-derived guidance text, distinguished from one another using shading. Rationale comments are used throughout for clarification purposes. In addition, a user-friendly, functional, and informative Platform Trials Best Practices tool to support the setup, design, planning, implementation and conduct of complex and innovative trials to support multi-sourced/multi-company platform trials is also provided. Together, the EU-PEARL suite of templates and the Platform Trials Best Practices tool constitute the Reference user manual.Conclusions:This publication is intended to enhance the use, understanding and dissemination of the EU-PEARL suite of templates for designing IRPs. The Reference user manual and the associated website (http://www.eu-pearl) should facilitate the designing of IRP trials.