bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vector-Mediated Delivery of Transgenes and RNA Interference-Based
Gene Silencing Sequences to Astrocytes for Disease Management:
Advances and Prospectives
Authors: Yadav Deepika , Malviya Rishabha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Astrocytes are a type of important glial cell in the brain that serve crucial functions in
regulating neuronal activity, facilitating communication between neurons, and keeping everything
in balance. In this abstract, we explore current methods and future approaches for using vectors to
precisely target astrocytes in the fight against various illnesses. In order to deliver therapeutic cargo
selectively to astrocytes, researchers have made tremendous progress by using viral vectors
such as adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) and lentiviruses. It has been established that engineered
viral vectors are capable of either crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or being delivered intranasally,
which facilitates their entrance into the brain parenchyma. These vectors are able to contain
transgenes that code for neuroprotective factors, synaptic modulators, or anti-inflammatory
medicines, which pave the way for multiple approaches to disease intervention. Strategies based
on RNA interference (RNAi) make vector-mediated astrocyte targeting much more likely to work.
Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) are two types of RNA that
can be made to silence disease-related genes in astrocytes. Vector-mediated delivery in conjunction
with RNAi techniques provides a powerful toolkit for investigating the complex biological
pathways that contribute to disease development. However, there are still a number of obstacles to
overcome in order to perfect the specificity, safety, and duration of vector-mediated astrocyte targeting.
In order to successfully translate research findings into clinical practise, it is essential to
minimise off-target effects and the risk of immunogenicity. To demonstrate the therapeutic effectiveness
of these strategies, rigorous preclinical investigation and validation are required.
Effects of Chronic Cold Exposure on Proteomics of Lung Tissue in Mice
Authors: Li Moyou , Liu Ying , Tian Xiaoye , Wang Zhuojun , Cheng Feng , Han Xiao , Chen Zheyuan , Ma Ruihang , Jin Hongxu 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Cold exposure can induce inflammation-related injury in lung tissue, but
the exact mechanism is still unclear.

Objective:
The study aimed to clarify the proteomic characteristics of lung tissue under cold exposure.

Methods:
Forty mice were randomly equally divided into a control group and a model group. The
model group was exposed to - 20°C for two weeks (4 hours per day), while the control group was
maintained at 22 ± 2°C. H&E staining and ELISA were used to verify the injury of lung tissue. Furthermore,
a quantitative analysis of the overall proteome in the lung of mice exposed to cold stress
was conducted by using LC-MS/MS. 15 differentially expressed proteins were selected for PRM
validation.

Results:
According to our results, cold exposure induced lung injury, and the expressions of 151
proteins were upregulated and those of 95 proteins were downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis
showed that differentially expressed proteins were associated with tricarboxylic acid cycle, fat metabolism,
glycolysis, and oxidative phosphorylation. The expression of gabra2, Klkb1, and complement-
related proteins was significantly upregulated. The results of PRM validation were consistent
with those of proteomics.

Conclusion:
We found changes in glycolysis, gabra2, Klkb1, and the complement system in the
lung tissue of cold-stressed mice, which may play an important role in cold stress-induced lung injury.
A Multimodal Ultrasound Observation Study on the Effect of Vitamin D on
Uterine Fibroids in Non-menopausal Women
Authors: Wang Qi , Tian Peng , Sun Wei , Liu Xin , Yang Xiuhua , Yang Zhiwei 
Published: November 2023

Introduction::
It has been reported in the literature that Vitamin D can inhibit the growth of uterine fibroids, but the evaluation index is only the size of the uterine
fibroids. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on the size, hardness, and blood flow of uterine fibroids in premenopausal
women by multimodal ultrasound.

Methods::
A total of 64 pre-menopausal women with uterine fibroids complicated vitamin D deficiency were enrolled in this study and randomly divided into
two groups: the vitamin D group (n=32) which received oral vitamin D (1600 IU/ day) and the control group (n=32) without vitamin D
supplementation. After three months of intervention, the mean diameter of uterine fibroids, elastic strain ratio, and blood flow grade were evaluated
by multimodal ultrasound, and the clinical symptoms of the two groups were evaluated by questionnaire.

Results::
The vitamin D group reported a significant increment in the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (P < 0.001). In addition, there were significant reductions
in the mean diameter, and elastic strain ratio of uterine fibroids (P =.043 and P =.038, respectively), but no significant difference in the blood flow
grade of uterine fibroids was observed (P =.272). Compared with the control group, the vitamin D group achieved significant relief in
dysmenorrhea and frequent urination, as well as improvement in heavy menstrual bleeding.

Conclusion::
The application of multimodal ultrasound provides a more comprehensive theoretical basis for vitamin on uterine fibroids. Vitamin D can
effectively reduce the size of uterine fibroids in pre-menopausal women and relieve their symptoms. It is highly likely to be a promising, safe,
effective, and inexpensive drug for uterine fibroids, which has good application value and promotion prospects.
Assessment of the Heart's Left and Right Ventricles (EF and TAPSE) in
CABG Surgery Patients before and after Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Zahedi Mahdi , Safi Fahime 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Post-coronary artery bypass grafting (post-CABG) is a beneficial procedure
for cardiac patients. However, without an appropriate cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program,
patient care may be inadequate, leading to recurrent hospitalizations and heart failure. This
study aims to assess the effects of a CR program on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and
tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) measures in post-CABG patients at Amir-almomenin,
kordkuy Hospital, Golestan, Iran.

Methods:
This descriptive-analytic study included 100 patients who underwent post-CABG surgery
in the second half of 2020, and whose complete information was available in their medical
files. An echocardiologist assessed the LVEF and TAPSE of the patients. After one month of CR
procedures, these measures were reevaluated and recorded. The CR program consisted of 5 to 10
sessions of physiotherapy per patient, with 2 or 3 sessions conducted per week. It involved a
four-phase therapy that included light sports activities such as running and jogging on a treadmill
at a CR clinic. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 18.

Results:
The data analysis of this study suggests that implementing a CR program for post-
CABG patients can have beneficial effects. CR significantly increased the patients' LVEF, but
the increase in TAPSE was not statistically significant. Furthermore, both male and female patients
showed improved LVEF after the CR program. There was a non-significant inverse relationship
between hospitalization duration and LVEF. Statistically, older patients had a significantly
longer duration of hospitalization compared to younger patients.

Conclusion:
Completion of a cardiac rehabilitation program leads to significant improvement in
left ventricular function, while the improvement in right ventricular function is relatively modest.
Moreover, a significant proportion of patients were able to resume their normal daily activities
after completing the rehabilitation phase.
Does Circumplast Ring Offer Safe Alternative to Standard Plastibell Ring for Infant Male Circumcision?
Authors: Moazzam Muhammad , Khwaja Aibak 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
This study evaluated the early postoperative complications in Circumplast® and Plastibell® techniques for infant male circumcision in two community clinics.

Materials and Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed the outcome of infant male circumcision (n=649) over 1 year (Jan 2021 to Feb 2022) performed under local anaesthesia by a single urologist. The technique was non-randomly selected. Data were collected retrospectively, and early postoperative complications were compared between Circumplast® and Plastibell® circumcisions. Both parents consented to the procedure. The 24-telephone support and follow-up were provided if required.

Results:
All records of infants were reviewed with Circumplast® circumcision (CC) n=302 and Plastibell® circumcision (PC) n=347 during this period. The mean age was 52.33 +/- 44.16 days in CC and 38.64 ± SD 30.39 days in PC. Three infants were excluded. There was no major complication and minor complications were lower in CC (0.99% n=3/302) versus PC (2.9% n=10/347). Delayed ring separation happened in PC (2.3% n=8/347), which was separated by a bone cutter in the clinic and no ring impaction occurred in CC. One infant in CC had bleeding after 24 hours, which was managed by removal of the ring and revision of circumcision. Two infants required separation of coronal adhesions in CC and two required revisions of circumcision in PC.

Discussion:
This is the first study to report the results of early experience involving the use of Circumplast® ring to perform pediatric circumcision. Our findings reflect the use of this device as a safe alternative to Plastibell®. A randomised controlled trial (RCT) would be required to document the relative superiority of either device. The reduced number of ring impactions among CC may be attributed to its unique design.

Conclusion:
Infant male circumcision by the Circumplast® device has a lower risk of early postoperative minor complications especially migration/impaction and may offer a safe alternative.
Future Intelligent Communication with 6G Technology: A Review
Authors: Jain Sharad , Yadav Ashwani Kumar , Kumar Raj , Yadav Vaishali , Singh Dilbag 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
With the exponentially increasing demand for wireless technology in the last few years,
fifth-generation (5G) technology is in service at many places and soon will be deployed worldwide.
But it might be complicated to address the escalating need for Internet of Things (IoT) connections
using the conventional capabilities henceforward, so the proposal of a sixth generation (6G) communication
network was introduced to upgrade the ongoing 5G networks and support to develop
smart services additionally. The unexpected Internet of Everything applications having incredibly
broad and complex needs are projected to be supported by 6G. With this, researchers in academics
and industries have started research and development for 6G wireless network. 6G with artificial
intelligence support is planned to be introduced, with new dimensions between 2027 and 2030. The
future of 6G technology is bright and vibrant; however, there are yet several obstacles in the way of
implementing 6G networks like capacity of system, reliability, security, latency, data rate, high energy
efficiency, ever-present intelligent connectivity, and recent theories. In this paper, various 6Genabled
technologies are discussed like artificial intelligence, terahertz communications, wireless
optical, free-space optical, backhaul network, and block chain along with associated challenges.
We showcase the foundation of 6G in detail, the performance of the 6G network, and key enabling
technologies that can upgrade the future of the smart world. The bibliometric analysis of recent research
on 6G networks and related applications is also achieved. Finally, we illustrate key open research
challenges and possible future directions toward the realization of 6G-enabled technologies.
Glycerosomes: Novel Nano-Vesicles for Efficient Delivery of Therapeutics
Authors: Sharma Divya , Rani Anjna , Singh Veena Devi , Shah Pranav , Sharma Sakshi , Kumar Sunil 
Published: November 2023

Background::
The topical drug delivery system has gained more attention in recent years
as compared to oral and parenteral drug delivery. However, owing to the barrier function of the
skin’s topmost layer, only a few drug molecules can be administered by this route. Therefore, encapsulating
the drugs in glycerosomes is one potential solution to this problem. Glycerosomes are
vesicular drug delivery systems primarily made up of large concentrations of glycerol, phospholipid,
water, and other active ingredients.

Objective::
The main aim of this review is to summarize the most recent information on the encapsulated
vesicular system used in cosmetic preparations, specifically glycerosomes made from both
synthetic and naturally occurring plant bioactive substances.

Purpose::
Glycerosomes offer many benefits, including increased efficacy, better stability, improve
absorption, drug targeting at specific sites, and delivering the same at a predetermined rate.

Method::
The mechanism behind the penetration of glycerosomes is the hydration and lipid fluidization
of skin, fabricated by glycerol.

Result::
Numerous methods have been reported for the formulation of glycerosomes, including the
thin film hydration method, reverse-phase evaporation, solvent spherule, detergent removal method,
and so on.

Conclusion::
Researchers are currently investigating the potential of glycerosomes as nanocarriers
for natural bioactive and synthetic drugs. This review describes the structure of glycerosomes, preparation
techniques, applications, distinctions from liposomes, and benefits of glycerosomes.
Impact of Analytics Applying Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning on Enhancing Intensive Care Unit: A Narrative Review
Authors: Charan Gopal Singh , Charan Ashok Singh , Khurana Mandeep Singh , Narang Gursharn Singh 
Published: November 2023

Introduction. The intensive care unit (ICU) plays a pivotal role in providing specialized care to patients with severe illnesses or injuries. As a critical aspect of healthcare, ICU admissions demand immediate attention and skilled care from healthcare professionals. However, the intricacies involved in this process necessitate analytical solutions to ensure effective management and optimal patient outcomes.
Aim. The aim of this review was to highlight the enhancement of the ICUs through the application of analytics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning.
Methods. The review approach was carried out through databases such as MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Taylor & Francis, Sage, ProQuest, Science Direct, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. These databases were chosen due to their potential to offer pertinent and comprehensive coverage of the topic while reducing the likelihood of overlooking certain publications. The studies for this review involved the period from 2016 to 2023.
Results. Artificial intelligence and machine learning have been instrumental in benchmarking and identifying effective practices to enhance ICU care. These advanced technologies have demonstrated significant improvements in various aspects.
Conclusions. Artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data analysis techniques significantly improved critical care, patient outcomes, and healthcare delivery.
A Bicentennial Crossroads: 200 Years of Continuity and Change in Rural Illinois
Authors: Meacham Matt 
Published: November 2023

The Illinois tour of Crossroads: Change in Rural America, a Museum on Main Street exhibition from the Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service and Illinois Humanities, coincided with the Bicentennial of Illinois statehood. The intersection of those two events elicited contemplation and celebration of the significance of rural life over the 200-year history of Illinois as a state, as well as discussion of its ongoing evolution and the roles of individuals, institutions, and communities in shaping it. The six small-town organizations that hosted *Crossroads* created companion exhibitions and public programs illustrating how their local histories and cultures reflect themes addressed by the Smithsonian-produced exhibition and contribute to trends that it describes. Taken together, the contents of those locally focused exhibitions and programs form a remarkable survey of continuity and change over two centuries of rural Illinois’s existence. Additionally, the ways in which the host organizations conducted their work reflected and responded to ongoing change in rural Illinois, contributing to their communities’ and regions’ efforts to sustain and enhance their cultural vitality. A Bicentennial Crossroads examines what we can learn about rural Illinois’s past, present, and potential future(s) from what they produced and how they produced it.
Risk Factors of Arterial Hypertension Among Mongolian Nurses
Authors: Vandannyam Davaakhuu , Dashtseren Amarsaikhan , Togoo Altantsetseg , Nemekhee Odongua , Dalkh Tserendagva 
Published: November 2023

Objectives: This study aims to survey the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension (HTN) among nurses. Methods: Data was collected from 528 nurses of 23 hospitals in Ulaanbaatar (UB) and local hospitals in other regions. We randomly selected day-shift only nurses (264) and shift nurses (264), collected blood samples, administered a health survey questionnaire, and processed data with SPSS 19.0 statistic software.
Results: Overall, 8% of participants who work for shift and 7.2% of day working nurses are smokers (p<0.0001). 3.2% of shift working nurses and 3.8% day working nurses use overuse alcohol (p<0.0001). The day working nurses and the shift working nurses and compared their BMI to measured normal (42.1% and 36.4%) overweight (39.7% and 43.9%), obesity (18.2% and 19.7%) (p<0.02), central obesity normal (39.4% and 34.5%), and central obesity≥ 80 (60.6% and 65.5%), body fat percentages are normal (29.2% and 16.1%) and increase (70.8% and 73.9%), visceral obesity are normal (65.9% and 63.3%) and increase (34.1% and 36.7%). Nurses (day-work and shift-work) who have arterial HTN are detected by normal (72.3% and 59.1%), prodromal period (14.4% and 16.7%), 1st stage (12.1% and 19.7%), 2nd stage (1.2% and 4.5%) (p><0.002). central obesity normal (39.4% and 34.5%), and central obesity≥ 80 (60.6% and 65.5%), body fat percentages are normal (29.2% and 16.1%) and increase (70.8% and 73.9%), visceral obesity are normal (65.9% and 63.3%) and increase (34.1% and 36.7%). Nurses (day-work and shift-work) who have arterial HTN are detected by normal (72.3% and 59.1%), prodromal period (14.4% and 16.7%), 1st stage (12.1% and 19.7%), 2nd stage (1.2% and 4.5%) (p<0.002). Working time of nurses detected that shift working nurses’ arterial hypertension amount is higher than day time working nurses.
Conclusion: 24.2% of shift working nurses have HTN is showed that higher than day time working nurses. Hypertension is directly related to overweight, obesity, visceral obesity and high blood glucose level. (p<0.0001). ><0.0001).
Erratum to: Cervical Schwannoma of Sympathetic Chain: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Bin Zulkifli Muhd Faiz , Kenali Solahudin Mohd 
Published: November 2023

In the report entitled “Cervical Schwannoma of Sympathetic Chain: A Rare Case Report” (2018; 4: 92-95), by Bin Zulkifli and Kenali, DOI: 10.24079/cajms.2018.03.012 the reference list at the end of the article was incomplete. The complete list of references is found below.
Взаимосвязь величины гравитационной постоянной с другими физическими постоянными. Энергия квантов гравитационного поля чёрных дыр. Результаты исследования.
Authors: Чернов Андрей 
Published: November 2023

В основе этого исследования лежит утверждение, что гравитационное сжатие больших космических масс имеет предел плотности сжатия. При этом первоначальная масса, состоящая из атомов, превращается в однородную, очень плотную массу (чёрную дыру), состоящую из одинаковых частиц (которые в исследовании были названы протоатомами).
В этом исследовании для определения параметров протоатома было использовано решение Шварцшильда. В результате была определена масса протоатома, а дальше через математические расчёты с использованием независимых физических постоянных была получена величина двух элементарных зарядов протоатома. Полученная величина заряда совпала с рекомендованной CODATA величиной элементарного заряда. Расхождение составило всего 0,098%, что подтвердило существование протоатома. Этот результат также интересен тем, что величина элементарного заряда была определена через другие независимые физические константы.
В этом исследовании была получена формула для расчёта величины гравитационной постоянной G. По этой формуле были произведены расчёты величины гравитационной постоянной у 24 химических элементов, взятых из всех групп таблицы Менделеева. Полученные результаты показали, что значение G может колебаться пределах тысячных и сотых долей процента. Также была определена величина гравитационной постоянной в гравитационном поле наиболее массивных чёрных дыр.
В этом исследовании по аналогии с дискретностью энергетических состояний атомов водорода, были исследованы квантовые состояния протоатомов. В результате с использованием полученных физических параметров протоатома была получена формула для расчёта квантов энергии гравитационных волн (гравитонов), испускаемых чёрными дырами. По этой формуле был рассчитан линейный ряд энергии гравитонов. Полученные значения энергии гравитонов уверенно согласуются с результатами астрофизических наблюдений гравитационных волн, которые возникли в результате слияния чёрных дыр. В ходе анализа новой формулы была определена масса электрона через 4 фундаментальные константы (G, c, q, h). Результат совпал с экспериментальной массой электрона. Были получены другие результаты, имеющие научное значение.