bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Encapsulation of Titanium Disulfide into MOF‐Derived N,S‐Doped Carbon Nanotablets Toward Suppressed Shuttle Effect and Enhanced Sodium Storage Performance
Authors: Yao Tianhao , Wang Hongkang , Ji Xin , Zhang Qingmiao , Meng Lingjie , Cheng Yonghong , Chen Yu , Han Xiaogang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTitanium disulfide (TiS2) is a promising anode material for sodium‐ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity, but it suffers from severe volume variation and shuttle effect of the intermediate polysulfides. To overcome the drawbacks, herein the successful fabrication of TiS2@N,S‐codoped C (denoted as TiS2@NSC) through a chemical vapor reaction between Ti‐based metal–organic framework (NH2‐MIL‐125) and carbon disulfide (CS2) is demonstrated. The C─N bonds enhance the electronic/ionic conductivity of the TiS2@NSC electrode, while the C─S bonds provide extra sodium storage capacity, and both polar bonds synergistically suppress the shuttle effect of polysulfides. Consequently, the TiS2@NSC electrode demonstrates outstanding cycling stability and rate performance, delivering reversible capacities of 418/392 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 2/5 A g−1. Ex situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope analyses reveal that TiS2 undergoes an intercalation‐conversion ion storage mechanism with the generation of metallic Ti in a deeper sodiation state, and the pristine hexagonal TiS2 is electrochemically transformed into cubic rock‐salt TiS2 as a reversible phase with enhanced reaction kinetics upon sodiation/desodiation cycling. The strategy to encapsulate TiS2 in N,S‐codoped porous carbon matrices efficiently realizes superior conductivity and physical/chemical confinement of the soluble polysulfides, which can be generally applied for the rational design of advanced electrodes.
Enhancing SERS Sensitivity in N‐Graphene Hydrangea by Synergistic Charge‐Transfer and Excitation Light Absorption
Authors: Wang Bingkun , Li Zheng , Wu Huijuan , Zhang Shan , Zhang Guanglin , Zhang Jinqiu , Lian Shanshui , Zheng Li , Xue Zhongying , Yang Siwei , Ding Guqiao , Xu Wenwu , Tang Shiwei , Wang Gang 
Published: January 2024

Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a versatile spectroscopic technique, which plays a crucial role in enhancing analytical sensitivity, investigating interfacial reaction mechanisms, enabling biosensing, and fostering efficient catalysis. Currently, the common SERS substrates are primarily metal nanostructures, which entail high manufacturing costs, complex processes, and the metal surface undergo change over time and with environmental conditions. These issues limit the development of SERS technology. In this work, a nitrogen‐doped graphene (N‐graphene) hydrangea was synthesized on a silicon (Si) substrate using plasma‐assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD), forming an N‐graphene hydrangea/Si hybrid structure as a SERS substrate. This substrate offers the advantages of high stability, ultra‐sensitivity, and reusability. The three‐dimensional nano‐cavity structure of graphene can increase the interaction between light and graphene, resulting in an increased localized electric field. Combining theoretical simulation analysis, the introduction of nitrogen (N) elements adjusts the Fermi level of graphene, promoting efficient charge transfer. In practical scenarios, Di(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a commonly used plasticizer, has raised concerns due to its potential as an endocrine disruptor and carcinogen. The as‐prepared SERS substrate achieves a remarkable detection limit of as low as 10−8 m for DEHP, providing significant support for environmental conservation and human health.
Schweißnähte höchstfester Stähle und deren Nachbehandlung zur Ermüdungsfestigkeitssteigerung
Authors: von Arnim Mareike , Gölz Lisa‐Marie , Kuhlmann Ulrike 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBei jeder Entwicklung von noch höherfesteren Stählen hat es Zweifel an der Wirtschaftlichkeit und Nutzbarkeit gegeben. Die Entwicklung von S355 zu S460 und schließlich zu S700 hat aber gezeigt, dass sich diese Innovation jeweils in kürzester Zeit auszahlte. Im Zeichen von Nachhaltigkeit können durch den Einsatz von höchstfestem Stahl bis S960 Einsparung von Ressourcen, effizientere Verbindungen und die Verlängerung der Bauteillebensdauer realisiert werden. Mit der Erweiterung des Gültigkeitsbereichs von S700 auf S960 in prEN 1993‐1‐12 wird eine Grundlage dafür geschaffen. Zugleich werden weitere Untersuchungen erforderlich, wie die Anpassung der Regelungen für das Schweißen sowie für den Einsatz von Schweißnahtnachbehandlungsverfahren zur Ermüdungsfestigkeitssteigerung. In diesem Beitrag werden Ergebnisse aus zwei aktuellen AiF‐FOSTA‐Vorhaben vorgestellt. Im Rahmen des Vorhabens „Effiziente Nachweiskonzepte für Mischverbindungen im Stahlbau“ werden umfangreiche Untersuchungen an Stumpf‐ und Kehlnahtverbindungen höchstfester Stähle S960 vorgestellt. Im Rahmen des Vorhabens „Kerbfalleinstufung von HFH‐nachbehandelten höchstfesten Baustählen unter Berücksichtigung geometrischer Fertigungsimperfektionen im Stahlbau“ werden Ergebnisse und ein Vorschlag zur Erweiterung der DASt‐Richtlinie 026 und des neuen Anhangs F in prEN 1993‐1‐9 auf höchstfeste Stähle bis S960 für das Konstruktionsdetail Quersteife vorgestellt.
Numerical simulation and experimental analysis of plastic hinge length of reinforced concrete columns under monotonic flexure and constant axial load
Authors: Souza Junior Orivaldo de Azevedo , Oliveira Dênio Ramam Carvalho de 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article investigated test results of 81 reinforced concrete columns under monotonic flexure load via numerical simulation and experimental studies from the literature to comprehensively discuss the parameters that influence plastic hinge length. Moreover, it proposed a simplified method, based on the compressive strain of longitudinal reinforcing bars, and a new expression to estimate plastic hinge length, based on axial load ratio, shear span‐depth ratio, and longitudinal reinforcement ratio. In addition, it compares and discusses analytical expressions to estimate plastic hinge reported in previous research. The analysis shows that axial load ratio, shear span‐depth ratio, and longitudinal reinforcement ratio strongly influence both lateral load–displacement responses and plastic hinge length. Furthermore, the proposed simplified method is adequate for estimating plastic hinge length. Finally, the results show that the equation proposed as a way of estimating the plastic hinge length provides satisfactory predictions for reinforced concrete columns under monotonic flexure.
Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide alleviates thiacloprid‐induced kidney injury in quails via activating the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway
Authors: Yang Xu , Guo Changming , Yu Lu , Lv Zhanjun , Li Siyu , Zhang Zhigang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThiacloprid (THI) is a neonicotinoid insecticide, and its wide‐ranging use has contributed to severe environmental and health problems. Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide (DOP) possesses multiple biological activities such as antioxidant and antiapoptosis effect. Although present research has shown that THI causes kidney injury, the exact molecular mechanism and treatment of THI‐induced kidney injury remain unclear. The study aimed to investigate if DOP could alleviate THI‐induced kidney injury and identify the potential molecular mechanism in quails. In this study, Japanese quails received DOP (200 mg/kg) daily with or without THI (4 mg/kg) exposure for 42 days. Our results showed that DOP improved hematological changes, biochemical indexes, and nephric histopathological changes induced by THI. Meanwhile, THI exposure caused oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. Furthermore, THI and DOP cotreatment significantly activated the nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2/heme oxygenase‐1 (Nrf2/HO‐1) pathway, restored antioxidant enzyme activity, and reduced apoptosis and autophagy in quail kidneys. In summary, our study demonstrated that DOP mitigated THI‐mediated kidney injury was associated with oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy via activation of the Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway in quails.
Diraxiogenesis
Authors: Berbig Maximilian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The family of Dirac Seesaw models offers an intriguing alternative explanation for the smallness of neutrino masses without necessarily requiring microscopic lepton number violation, when compared to the more familiar class of Majorana Seesaws. A global U(1)D symmetry, that is explicitly broken by a higher dimensional scalar operator, ensures that the right handed neutrino does not couple directly to the Standard Model like Higgs and an exact gauged or residual lepton number symmetry prohibits all Majorana masses. We demonstrate that all three Dirac Seesaws possess a Pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson associated with the U(1)D symmetry, that we call the Diraxion, whose cosmological dynamics have so far been left unexplored. Furthermore we illustrate that a Dirac-Leptogenesis version of the recently proposed Lepto-Axiogenesis scenario can be realized in this class of models, leading to a unified origin of the observed baryon asymmetry and dark matter relic abundance. Explaining only the baryon asymmetry can lead to potentially observable amounts of right handed neutrino dark radiation with ∆Neff. ≲ 0.028. On the other hand, if we only fix the dark matter abundance via the kinetic misalignment mechanism, this set-up could lead to detectable signatures in proposed cosmic neutrino background experiments via decays of eV-scale Diraxions to neutrinos. Here there is no domain wall problem, since topological defects decay to a subleading fraction of relic Diraxions. A key ingredient of all Axiogenesis scenarios is the dynamics of relatively light scalar called the Saxion, that in our case has a mass at the GeV-scale and which might reveal itself in heavy meson decays or collider searches. Our setup predicts isocurvature perturbations in baryons, dark matter and dark radiation sourced by fluctuations of the Saxion.
Anderson Localization in the Subwavelength Regime
Authors: Ammari Habib , Davies Bryn , Hiltunen Erik Orvehed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we use recent breakthroughs in the study of coupled subwavelength resonator systems to reveal new insight into the mechanisms responsible for the fundamental features of Anderson localization. The occurrence of strong localization in random media has proved difficult to understand, particularly in physically derived multi-dimensional models and systems with long-range interactions. We show here that the scattering of time-harmonic waves by high-contrast resonators with randomly chosen material parameters reproduces the characteristic features of Anderson localization. In particular, we show that the hybridization of subwavelength resonant modes is responsible for both the repulsion of energy levels as well as the widely observed phase transition, at which point eigenmode symmetries swap and very strong localization is possible. We derive results from first principles, using asymptotic expansions in terms of the material contrast parameter and obtain a characterization of the localized modes in terms of generalized capacitance matrices. This model captures the long-range interactions of the wave-scattering system and provides a concise framework to explain the exotic phenomena that are observed.
Pyrococcus furiosus Argonaute-mediated porcine epidemic diarrhea virus detection
Authors: Zhao Yu , Zhou Changyu , Guo Boyan , Yang Xin , Wang Hongning 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), an enteric coronavirus, induces severe vomiting and acute watery diarrhea in unweaned piglets. The pig industry has suffered tremendous financial losses due to the high mortality rate of piglets caused by PEDV. Consequently, a simple and rapid on-site diagnostic technology is crucial for preventing and controlling PEDV. This study established a detection method for PEDV using recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) and Pyrococcus furiosus Argonaute (PfAgo), which can detect 100 copies of PEDV without cross-reactivity with other pathogens. The entire reaction of RAA and PfAgo to detect PEDV does not require sophisticated instruments, and the reaction results can be observed with the naked eye. Overall, this integrated RAA-PfAgo cleavage assay is a practical tool for accurately and quickly detecting PEDV.

Key points
• PfAgo has the potential to serve as a viable molecular diagnostic tool for the detection and diagnosis of viral genomes
• The RAA-PfAgo detection technique has a remarkable level of sensitivity and specificity
• The RAA-PfAgo detection system can identify PEDV without needing advanced equipment
Fatigue Behaviour of an Additively Manufactured Drive Wheel Made of Ti6AL4V
Authors: Kaschube Deborah , Bohlmann Berend 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis contribution investigates the fatigue behaviour of a newly designed drive wheel made of Ti6Al4V using cold metal fusion. In addition to its actual task, the new drive wheel also serves as a spring element to cushion force peaks caused by the application and thus protect surrounding components. The special design with integrated spokes and stop points allows for a rotation within the drive wheel of 2.9°. The entire wheel was subjected to shape, strength, weight, and function optimisation by means of topology optimisation and specially designed for additive manufacturing using cold metal fusion. Previous tests on small specimens provide the necessary material parameters to carry out a strain life fatigue strength simulation. The simulation was validated by means of component tests on the test bench and in the vehicle.
Estrogen and psychosis — a review and future directions
Authors: Mu Eveline , Gurvich Caroline , Kulkarni Jayashri 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe link between sex hormones and schizophrenia has been suspected for over a century; however, scientific evidence supporting the pharmacotherapeutic effects of exogenous estrogen has only started to emerge during the past three decades. Accumulating evidence from epidemiological and basic research suggests that estrogen has a protective effect in women vulnerable to schizophrenia. Such evidence has led multiple researchers to investigate the role of estrogen in schizophrenia and its use in treatment. This narrative review provides an overview of the effects of estrogen as well as summarizes the recent work regarding estrogen as a treatment for schizophrenia, particularly the use of new-generation selective estrogen receptor modulators.
Initial damage and failure load of zirconia-ceramic and metal-ceramic posterior cantilever fixed partial dentures
Authors: Bömicke Wolfgang , Boisserée Philipp , Rammelsberg Peter , Rues Stefan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare failure load and initial damage in monolithic, partially veneered, and completely veneered (translucent) zirconia cantilevered fixed partial dentures (CFPDs), as well as completely veneered metal-ceramic CFPDs under different support and loading configurations.

Materials and methods
Eight test groups with anatomically congruent CFPDs (n = 8/group) were fabricated, differing in CFPD material/support structure/loading direction (load applied via steel ball (Ø 6 mm) 3 mm from the distal end of the pontic for axial loading with a 2-point contact on the inner cusp ridges of the buccal and oral cusps and 1.3 mm below the oral cusp tip for 30° oblique loading): (1) monolithic zirconia/CoCr abutment teeth/axial, (2) monolithic zirconia/CoCr abutment teeth/oblique, (3) partially veneered zirconia/CoCr abutment teeth/axial, (4) partially veneered zirconia/CoCr abutment teeth/oblique, (5) completely veneered zirconia/CoCr abutment teeth/axial, (6) completely veneered CoCr/CoCr abutment teeth/axial (control group), (7) partially veneered zirconia/implants/axial, and (8) partially veneered zirconia/natural teeth/axial. Restorations were artificially aged before failure testing. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests.

Results
Mean failure loads ranged from 392 N (group 8) to 1181 N (group 1). Axially loaded monolithic zirconia CFPDs (group 1) and controls (group 6) showed significantly higher failure loads. Oblique loading significantly reduced failure loads for monolithic zirconia CFPDs (group 2). Initial damage was observed in all groups except monolithic zirconia groups, and fractography revealed design flaws (sharp edges at the occlusal boundary of the veneering window) in partially veneered zirconia CFPDs.

Conclusions
Monolithic zirconia CFPDs might be a viable alternative to completely veneered CoCr CFPDs in terms of fracture load. However, oblique loading of monolithic zirconia CFPDs should be avoided in clinical scenarios. Design improvements are required for partially veneered zirconia CFPDs to enhance their load-bearing capacity.

Clinical relevance
Monolithic zirconia may represent a viable all-ceramic alternative to the established metal-ceramic option for CFPD fabrication. However, in daily clinical practice, careful occlusal adjustment and regular monitoring should ensure that oblique loading of the cantilever is avoided.
How the experience of California wildfires shape Twitter climate change framings
Authors: Ko Jessie W. Y. , Ni Shengquan , Taylor Alexander , Chen Xiusi , Huang Yicong , Kumar Avinash , Alsudais Sadeem , Wang Zuozhi , Liu Xiaozhen , Wang Wei , Li Chen , Hopfer Suellen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractClimate communication scientists search for effective message strategies to engage the ambivalent public in support of climate advocacy. The personal experience of wildfire is expected to render climate change impacts more concretely, pointing to a potential message strategy to engage the public. This study examined Twitter discourse related to climate change during the onset of 20 wildfires in California between the years 2017 and 2021. In this mixed method study, we analyzed tweets geographically and temporally proximal to the occurrence of wildfires to discover framings and examined how frequencies in climate framings changed before and after fires. Results identified three predominant climate framings: linking wildfire to climate change, suggesting climate actions, and attributing climate change to adversities besides wildfires. Mean tweet frequencies linking wildfire to climate change and attributing adversities increased significantly after the onset of fire. While suggesting climate action tweets also increased, the increase was not statistically significant. Temporal analysis of tweet frequencies for the three themes of tweets showed that discussion increased after the onset of a fire but persisted typically no more than 2 weeks. For fires that burned for longer periods of more than a month, external events triggered climate discussions. Our findings contribute to identifying how the personal experience of wildfire shapes Twitter discussion related to climate change, and how these framings change over time during wildfire events, leading to insights into critical time points after wildfire for implementing message strategies to increase public engagement on climate change impacts and policy.
Modeling climate change adaptation for sustainable coastal zones using GIS and AHP
Authors: Marzouk Mohamed , Azab Shimaa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe world is currently confronting one of its biggest environmental challenges: combating climate change. Coastal zones are one of the areas thought to be most sensitive to current and future climate change threats. The paper integrates Remote Sensing (RS), Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques, and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) to detect vulnerable areas from climate change impacts in coastal zones in order to recommend adaptation systems in new coastal zones that can withstand various climatic changes. The proposed decision-making framework was developed in three phases: 1) climate data collection and processing; 2) Coastal Climate Impact Assessment (CCIA) model development; and 3) implementation and adaptation system selection. The climate data collection and processing phase involves determining the most significant climate change parameters and their indicators that affect coastal zone stability, extracting climatic data indicators from different climate database sources, and prioritizing the selected indicators. The indicators’ weights were estimated using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) through a questionnaire survey shared with experts in climate change impacts. A CCIA model development phase involves the formulation of the proposed model using GIS technique to discover the vulnerable areas according to the most dominant impact. The implementation and adaptation system selection phase involves the application of the framework to Al-Alamein New City in Egypt. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to measure the behavior of several climate change parameters to identify the most critical parameter for climate change in Al-Alamein New City. The results showed that the geology of the region is the most crucial component influenced by climate change. It is capable of producing a very sensitive area in the coastal zone while also taking other factors into account. When creating new urban neighborhoods, the erosion of the shoreline is the least important factor to consider. This is because coastal deterioration is caused by both the influence of metrological data on the region and the impact of human activity. Shoreline deterioration will be reduced if climate conditions are maintained while limiting the impact of human activities. To adapt to the long-term effects of climate change on coastal zones, a combination of soft and hard protection systems should be considered.
HyperPUT: generating synthetic faulty programs to challenge bug-finding tools
Authors: Felici Riccardo , Pozzi Laura , Furia Carlo A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs research in automatically detecting bugs grows and produces new techniques, having suitable collections of programs with known bugs becomes crucial to reliably and meaningfully compare the effectiveness of these techniques. Most of the existing approaches rely on benchmarks collecting manually curated real-world bugs, or synthetic bugs seeded into real-world programs. Using real-world programs entails that extending the existing benchmarks or creating new ones remains a complex time-consuming task. In this paper, we propose a complementary approach that automatically generates programs with seeded bugs. Our technique, called HyperPUT, builds C programs from a “seed” bug by incrementally applying program transformations (introducing programming constructs such as conditionals, loops, etc.) until a program of the desired size is generated. In our experimental evaluation, we demonstrate how HyperPUT can generate buggy programs that can challenge in different ways the capabilities of modern bug-finding tools, and some of whose characteristics are comparable to those of bugs in existing benchmarks. These results suggest that HyperPUT can be a useful tool to support further research in bug-finding techniques—in particular their empirical evaluation.