bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiological responses reveal the adaptability of different body colors in tuss ah (Antheraea pernyi ) under extreme heat stress
Authors: Li Hongda , Chen Miaomiao , Jiang Xiaoxu , Jiao Yang , Xu Liang , Li Xisheng , Zhong Liang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background The tussah (Antheraea pernyi ) is an important silk-producing economic insect that needs to be reared in the wild. High temperature is a severe environmental factor affecting growth and reducing yield. Differentbody color species of A. pernyi present latitudinal distribution, and the reasons are still poorly understood. Therefore, this study was undertaken on the adaptability of different body colors of A. pernyi in response to extreme thermal temperatures, by detecting the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and level of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and (Catalase) CAT enzyme activities could display differences in different body color species.
Results This study revealed that 1. The highest SOD enzyme activity was observed in green-yellow species(Liao Can 527), and the enzyme activity was relatively lowest in yellow species (Fang shan huang). The SOD enzyme activities of the three species revealed remarkable differences after 1 h of heat shock(p<0.05). 2. The highest CAT enzyme activity was observed in green species(Ji qing), three species exhibited significant differences in CAT enzyme activity at 3 h(p<0.05), but the CAT enzyme activity was relatively low in the hemolymph. 3. The mRNA expression levels of HSP70 in the three species elevated to a maximum after 1 h of treatment and then gradually down-regulated. The HSP70 expression of green species was lowest and yellow species was highest in response to exposure to the thermal environment. The expression levels of HSP70 were significantly different among the three species at 2 h after treatment. The findings trending towards that SOD and CAT enzyme activities both showed an increasing trend followed by a decrease were subjected to acute thermal challenge and levels of HSP70 expression presented a decreasing pattern. Correlation analysis revealed that SOD activity was negatively correlated with time, and HSP70 expression presented species dependence.
Conclusion These achievements provide evidence that differences in heat resistance of different body colors A. pernyi. Yellow body color is more heat resistant and conforms to low-latitude adaptability, other body colors are relatively weak. In addition, the SOD enzyme activity and HSP70 gene expression of A. pernyiare advantageous in assessing the resistance of species.
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy in glial tumors – a histomorphological analysis
Authors: Radtke Karen , Schulz-Schaeffer Walter , Oertel Joachim Manfred Karl 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective:
Extent of resection and neurological outcome are important prognostic markers for overall survival. Confocal laser endomicroscopy is a tool to examine tissue without the need for fixation or staining. This study aims to analyze gliomas in confocal laser endomicroscopy identify reliable diagnostic criteria for glial matter and glial tumors.
Material and methods:
One-hundred-and-five glioma specimens were analyzed using a 670nm confocal laser endomicroscope, then processed to hematoxylin-eosin-stained frozen sections. All confocal images and frozen sections were evaluated for the following criteria: presence of tumor; cellularity, nuclear pleomorphism, changes of the extracellular glial matrix, microvascular proliferation, necrosis and mitotic activity. Recurring characteristics were identified. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values were assessed for each feature.
Results:
All 125 specimens could be processed and successfully analyzed via confocal laser endomicroscopy. We found diagnostic criteria to identify white and grey matter and analyze cellularity, nuclear pleomorphism, changes of the glial matrix, vascularization and necrosis in glial tumors. An accuracy of > 90.0% was reached for grey matter, cellularity and necrosis, > 80.0% for white matter and nuclear pleomorphism and > 70.0% for microsvascular proliferation and changes of the glial matrix. Mitotic activity could not be identified.
Conclusion:
Autofluorescence-based confocal laser endomicroscopy provides reliable information on tissue microstructure in glial tissue without further processing. The use of those diagnostic criteria to differentiate between glial tumor tissue and surrounding brain tissue as well as high grade versus low grade and astroglial versus oligodendroglial tumors was assessed in a follow-up study.
Trend analysis and prediction of the incidence and mortality of CKD in China and the US
Authors: Zhu Wenpeng , Han Mengqi , Wang Yuxin , Wang Guoping 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Currently, limited research is available on the comparative analysis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) incidence and mortality rates between China and the United States. This study aimed to explore the trends in CKD incidence and mortality rates in both countries, as well as make some future predictions.
Methods
A Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze temporal trends in CKD incidence and mortality. An age-period-cohort model was used to assess the effects of age, period, and birth cohort on CKD risk and forecast the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of CKD in China and the US over the next 15 years.
Results
CKD incidence in China and the US showed an upward trend. Its mortality rate showed a downward trend in China but an upward one in the US. The relative risk (RR) of CKD incidence and mortality increased with age, although individuals aged 0–5 years had a higher RR of CKD incidence. Over time, the RR of CKD incidence has gradually increased in China and the US. Individuals born in later birth cohorts had a lower RR of CKD incidence and mortality. The ASIR of CKD may increase in both China and the US, whereas its ASMR may decline over the next 15 years.
Conclusion
Screening measures should be strengthened among populations at high risk of CKD; prenatal examinations of pregnant women should be emphasized to reduce CKD incidence in newborns. It is imperative to increase health education and encourage individuals to adopt healthy lifestyles.
Decision-making regarding dental treatments – What factors matter from patients’ perspective and does Covid-19 influence patients’ behavior? A systematic review
Authors: Felgner Susanne , Handrock Johannes-Felix , Schroll Carmen Cecilia , Schütte Fabian , Henschke Cornelia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Achieving dental health for the population should be a concern of a public health care system, as it may affect its expenditures in the long term. Patients often face individual challenges in dental health care. Why patients decide for or against dental treatments can be determined by many factors, e.g., own financial resources, preferences, and external circumstances. The study’s aim is to identify these factors with an international perspective.
Methods
We systematically searched for literature in three biomedical databases. Factors of choice were extracted from relevant publications. We used a qualitative approach for analysis, and the MMAT (Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool) for quality assessment.
Results
After multistage screening of n = 4,226 publications by two reviewers, n = 233 relevant articles of different study types [qualitative (n = 42), quantitative (n = 177), and mixed methods (n = 14)] were included in the analysis. Data collection was realized across different settings [e.g., practice (n = 18)] and approaches (e.g., interviews) in n = 49 countries. Included articles focused on specific treatments (e.g., caries treatment) or treatments in general (e.g., dental tourism). Across countries, various factors of choice (n = 101) were identified, divided into three categories: (I) "dentist & dental institution" (e.g., communication), (II) "patient" (e.g., dental fear), and (III) "treatment" (e.g., durability). The factors out-of-pocket payment and dental fear were mentioned most frequently (n = 148, n = 73). In countries with most articles [UK (n = 28), Saudi Arabia (n = 23), USA (n = 22), India (n = 19), and Brazil (n = 14)], out-of-pocket payment was identified most often [e.g., India: in 68%, and the UK: in 56% of articles]. Frequency of the factor dental fear varied by country. One publication addressed the Covid-19 pandemic reporting that treatment appointments were cancelled by patients due to their fear of infection with SARS-CoV-2. Study quality is highly variable.
Conclusions
A variety of factors influence patients' choice regarding dental treatments. There is little research on impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. Knowing patients’ reasons for seeking dental care can help to inform decisions about interventions to improve dental health. Regulatory measures and information efforts should be adapted to reduce patients’ access barriers to dental care, and to reduce expenditures of health care systems in the long term.
ACE2 expression in PBMC and plasma markers of vasculopathy and fibrosis during early COVID – implications for post-COVID conditions
Authors: Ahmed Gulrayz , Abdelgadir Yasir , Abdelghani Amro , Simpson Pippa , Barbeau Jody , Basel Donald , Barrios Christy S. , Smith Brandon A , Schilter Kala F , Udani Rupa , Reddi Honey , Willoughby Rodney 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Severe COVID is uncommon, restricted to 19% of the population. In response to the first virus wave (alpha variant of SARS-CoV-2), we investigated whether variable expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in blood might identify this difference in risk.
Methods: The study was IRB-approved, comparing patients hospitalized with severe COVID to healthy controls. A single blood sample was obtained within a day of admission. ACE2 RNA expression in blood cells was measured by RT-PCR assay. Plasma ACE1 and ACE2 enzyme activities were quantified by fluorescent peptides. Plasma TIMP-1, PIIINP and MMP-2 antigens were quantified by ELISA. Data were entered into REDCap and analyzed using STATA v 14 and GraphPad Prism v 10.
Results: 48 subjects and 72 controls were recruited. ACE2 RNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was rarely detected acutely during severe COVID but common in healthy controls (OR for undetected ACE2: 12.4 [95% CI: 2.62-76.1]). ACE2 RNA expression in PBMC did not determine plasma ACE1 and ACE2 activity, suggesting alternative cell-signaling pathways. Markers of fibrosis (TIMP-1 and PIIINP) and vasculitis (MMP-9) were also elevated. ACE2 RNA expression during severe COVID often responded within hours to convalescent plasma. By analogy to oncogenesis, we speculate that potent, persistent, cryptic processes following COVID (the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), inflammation, fibrosis and vasculopathy) initiate or promote post-COVID conditions (PCC) in susceptible individuals. These may respond to convalescent plasma or its derivatives, fresh-frozen plasma or IVIG.
Conclusions: This work is hypothesis-generating, elucidating biological and temporal plausibility for ACE2, TIMP1, PIIINP and MMP-9 in the pathogenesis of PCC. Intersection of these independent systems is uncommon and may in part explain the rarity of PCC.
Cellular dynamics in the maize leaf growth zone during recovery from chilling depends on the leaf developmental stage
Authors: Laine Cindy , Elgawad Hamada Abd , Beemster Gerrit 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
• Zea mays, a major crop, is highly sensitive to chilling which frequently occurs during its seedling stage and negatively affects yields. Although the direct effect of chilling is well-studied, the mechanisms determining the subsequent recovery are still unknown. Our goal is to determine the cellular basis of the leaf growth response to chilling and during recovery of leaves exposed before or after their emergence. • We first studied the effect of a 3-day cold spell on leaf growth at the plant level. Then, we performed a kinematic analysis to analyse the dynamics of cell division and elongation during recovery of the 4th leaf after exposure to cold before or after emergence. • Our results demonstrated cold more strongly reduced the final length of non-emerged than emerged leaves (-13 vs -18%). This was not related to growth differences during cold, but a faster and more complete recovery of the growth of emerged leaves. This difference was due to a higher cell division rate on the 1st and a higher cell elongation rate on the 2nd -day of recovery, respectively. • The dynamics of cell division and expansion during recovery determine developmental stage-specific differences in cold tolerance of maize leaves.
Gankyrin inhibits ferroptosis through the P53/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis in Triple-negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Lei Ming , Zhang Yun-long , Huang Feng-Ying , Chen Hengyu , Chen Ming-Hui , Wu Ri-Hong , Dai Shu-Zhen , He Gui-Sheng , Tan Guang-Hong , Zheng Wu-Ping 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Gankyrin is found in high levels in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and has been established to form a complex with the E3 ubiquitin ligase MDM2 and p53, resulting in the degradation of p53 in hepatocarcinoma cells. Therefore, this study sought to determine whether gankyrin could inhibit ferroptosis through this mechanism in TNBC cells. The expression of gankyrin was investigated in relation to the prognosis of TNBC using bioinformatics. Co-immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assays were then conducted to determine the presence of a gankyrin and MDM2 complex. RT-qPCR and immunoblotting were used to examine molecules related to ferroptosis, such as gankyrin, p53, MDM2, SLC7A11, and GPX4. Additionally, cell death was evaluated using flow cytometry detection of 7-AAD and a lactate dehydrogenase release assay, as well as lipid peroxide C11-BODIPY. Results showed that the expression of gankyrin is significantly higher in TNBC tissues and cell lines,and is associated with a poor prognosis for patients. Subsequent studies revealed that inhibiting gankyrin activity triggered ferroptosis in TNBC cells. Additionally, silencing gankyrin caused an increase in the expression of the p53 protein, without altering its mRNA expression. Co-immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down experiments indicated that gankyrin and MDM2 form a complex. In mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking both MDM2 and p53, this gankyrin/MDM2 complex was observed to ubiquitinate p53, thus raising the expression of molecules inhibited by ferroptosis, such as SLC7A11 and GPX4. Furthermore, silencing gankyrin in TNBC cells disrupted the formation of the gankyrin/MDM2 complex, hindered the degradation of p53, increased SLC7A11 expression, impeded cysteine uptake, and decreased GPX4 production. Our findings suggest that TNBC cells are able to prevent cell ferroptosis through the gankyrin/p53/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway, indicating that gankyrin may be a useful biomarker for predicting TNBC prognosis or a potential therapeutic target.
Investigation of the Influence of Solid-Liquid Interface Shape Based on the Jordan Model on Cz-Silicon Dislocation Defects
Authors: Li Tai , Zhao Liang , Huang Zhenling , Zhao Liang , Shi Yindong , Li Shaoyun , Ren Yongsheng , Lv Guoqiang , Ma Wenhui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
During the growth of Czochralski single crystal silicon, the change of solid-liquid interface shape leads to uneven distribution of thermal stress, and the concentration of thermal stress leads to crystal defects in the process of single crystal formation, which reduces the efficiency of solar cells. In order to avoid a large number of crystal defects caused by the concentration of thermal stress near the solid-liquid interface, the effect of the solid-liquid interface shape on thermal stresses is investigated in this study using numerical calculations to determine the most favourable solid-liquid interface shape for single crystal silicon growth. The results show that the von Mises stress on the m-shaped solid-liquid interface is smaller ; von Mises stress distribution on the solid-liquid interface of a shape is more uniform ; the von Mises stress on the solid-liquid interface of the n-shaped solid-liquid interface is large, and the von Mises stress can be released by controlling the solid-liquid flipping through a small range of pulling speed fluctuations, thereby reducing defects in single-crystal silicon.
Analysis of the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and driving forces of the NDVI in the Chengdu-Chongqing region from 2001 to 2020
Authors: Zhang Luoqi , Zhang Yan , Wang Junyi , Liang Xinyu , Wei Yali 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The research on the spatiotemporal changes and driving factors of ecosystems in rapidly urbanizing regions has always been a topic of widespread concern. As the fourth pole of China's economic development, the research on the Chengdu-Chongqing region has reference significance for the urbanization process of developing countries such as India, Brazil, and South Africa.The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) has been widely applied in studies of plant and ecosystem changes. Based on MODIS NDVI data from 2001 to 2020 and meteorological data of the same period, this study reveal the evolution of NDVI in the Chengdu-Chongqing region from three aspects: the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of NDVI, the prediction of future trends in vegetation coverage, and the response of vegetation to climate change and human activities. During the period of plant growth, the mean NDVI achieved a value of 0.78, and the vegetation coverage rate is increasing year by year. According to the Hurst index, the future NDVI in Chengdu-Chongqing region will tend to decrease, and its trend is opposite to that of the past period of time. The Chengdu-Chongqing region vegetation positively affected by human activities are greater than those negatively affected, and in terms of vegetation degradation, the impact of human activities is greater than climate change.
Effective cooperation leading to support of reforestation via a ‘climate public goods game’ in the Chinese collectivistic society
Authors: Pansini Riccardo , Kesberg Rebekka , Shi Lei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Theories on evolution of cooperation assume that interacting individuals can change their strategies under different expected payoffs and cultural contexts. The willingness to invest resources into partners and to cooperate may therefore vary in collectivistic Eastern Asia as opposed to more individualistic Western countries partly because of cultural differences. An experiment was implemented examining the willingness of young Chinese subjects to mitigate the consequences of climate change in a country severely affected by air pollution. Following a design already implemented in Germany (Jacquet et al. 2013 Nat Clim Change), we set up a public goods game in which groups of six students had to reach a minimum investment threshold to be able to save funds for a reforestation project to curb climate change. Differently from the German model in which none of the groups managed to reach the threshold, five out of eight Chinese groups cooperate successfully to reach the reforestation goal. We attribute to cultural differences of individualism and collectivism the main explanation for these different results. In China, in fact, collectivistic values allow for the emergence of this environmentally driven cooperation.
Finite element analysis of three internal fixations for the posteromedial split fracture fragment in tibial plateau fractures
Authors: Zhang Wupeng , Xu Cheng , Jia Zhengfeng , Li Hua , Wang Daofeng , Gao Weilu , Tang Peifu , Li Jiantao , Zhang Licheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To compare and explain the biomechanical advantages and disadvantages of different internal fixation methods for the treatment of the posteromedial split fracture fragment in tibial plateau fractures.
Methods
Finite element models of the tibial plateau fracture were constructed. And 3 different internal fixations were developed to treat the posteromedial split fracture fragment in tibial plateau fractures finite element models: a: the novel anatomic locking plate fixation model, b: the common anatomic locking plate fixation model, c: the reconstruction plate fixation model. We applied the same loading conditions to each model: 320 N axial compression. Under the same condition, the von Mises stress (VMS) and displacement distribution of the 3 internal fixations and tibia plateau were studied.
Results
The stress values of the novel anatomic locking plate were lower than the common anatomic locking plate and the reconstruction plate. And the novel anatomic locking plate fixation system also has smaller maximum displacement. The peak stress value on the maximal stress point in the fracture fragment, tibia, plate and screws with model a, b, and c were 1.327 MPa vs. 1.164 MPa vs. 0.835 MPa, 27.64 MPa vs. 24.985 MPa vs. 23.437 MPa, 108.648 MPa vs. 123.298 MPa vs. 163.541 MPa, and 69.234 MPa vs. 86.547 MPa vs. 99.214 MPa, respectively. The maximum displacement of the tibia, plate and screws with model a, b, and c were 0.693 mm vs. 0.758 mm vs. 0.832 mm, 0.665 mm vs. 0.727 mm vs. 0.795 mm, and 0.615 mm vs. 0.732 mm vs. 0.751 mm, respectively.
Conclusions
In conclusion, our study indicated that the novel anatomic locking plate resulted in a lower stress distribution in the plate and screws, and better stability than the common anatomic locking plate and the reconstruction plate for the posteromedial split fracture fragment in tibial plateau fractures fixation under the same loading conditions. Thus, for the posteromedial split fracture fragment in tibial plateau fractures, the use of the novel anatomic locking plate internal fixation is recommended.
Longitudinal analysis on inflammatory markers and frailty progression: based on the English longitudinal study of aging
Authors: He Lingxiao , Yang Jinzhu , Fang Ya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Frailty is a common health state that is closely linked to adverse health outcomes in aging society. Although many inflammatory biomarkers have been cross-sectionally associated with frailty, knowledge on the longitudinal association is still limited.
Aims: To investigate the associations of three common inflammatory markers (hypersensitive C-reactive protein [hsCRP], white blood cell [WBC] and fibrinogen) with the progression of frailty. Methods: Data of 2316 participants (age 67.9 ± 6.1 years) were obtained from the English longitudinal study of aging (wave 4, 6 and 8) over an 8-year follow-up. The frailty index (FI) was calculated from 52 items. Mixed-effects models and Cox proportional hazards (Cox-PH) models were used to analyze the associations of hsCRP, WBC and fibrinogen with frailty progression. Values of inflammatory biomarkers were log-transformed. Age, sex and annual income were controlled.
Results: Mixed-effects models showed that at a cross-sectional level, higher levels of hsCRP (β: 0.007, 95%CI: 0.004~0.010), WBC (β: 0.021, 95%CI: 0.010~0.032) and fibrinogen (β: 0.022, 95%CI: 0.005~0.038) were associated with greater FI values while no significant time interaction was found. Cox-PH models showed that higher baseline levels of hsCRP (HR: 1.10, 95%CI: 1.03~1.17) and WBC (HR: 1.23, 95%CI: 1.10~1.37) were linked to greater risk of developing frailty within 8 years.
Conclusions: We concluded that hsCRP, WBC and fibrinogen can reflect frailty status at a cross-sectional level while only hsCRP and WBC are associated with frailty progression over an 8-year period.