bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the relationship between idea contributions and idea enactments in student design teams: A social network analysis approach
Authors: Henderson Trevion S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundExisting research has demonstrated that student characteristics, such as race/ethnicity, sex, and personal beliefs about engineering knowledge, shape students' experiences in ill‐structured problem‐solving, such as engineering design, where ideas must be communicated, negotiated, and selected in complex social processes.PurposeThe purpose of this research was to examine the how student characteristics, such as race/ethnicity, sex, and epistemological beliefs, are associated with patterns of idea contributions and ideas enactments in collaborative project teams.MethodIn this article, I use the multilayer exponential random graph model (ERGM) for examining multiple complex social relationships simultaneously. Drawing on survey data from a study of engineering student teamwork, this research examines the relationship perceptions of idea contributions (layer 1) and idea enactments (layer 2) in collaborative project teams.ResultsResults indicated no sex differences in the perceptions of idea contributions and enactments in student design teams. However, underrepresented minority students and Asian America/Pacific Islander students were reported as less frequently having their ideas enacted. Further, epistemological beliefs similarity effects were a significant predictor on the idea contribution layer, and epistemological beliefs sociality effects were significant on the idea enactments layer.ConclusionAchieving equity in teamwork pedagogies requires understanding the dynamic social processes that shapes patterns of participation in student teams. This research demonstrates the power of social networks methodologies for modeling teamwork processes, pointing specifically to the ways that student characteristics are associated with perceptions shape idea contributions and enactments in student teams.
Advanced technologies towards improved HPV diagnostics
Authors: Bartosik Martin , Moranova Ludmila , Izadi Nasim , Strmiskova Johana , Sebuyoya Ravery , Holcakova Jitka , Hrstka Roman 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPersistent infection with high‐risk types of human papillomaviruses (HPV) is a major cause of cervical cancer, and an important factor in other malignancies, for example, head and neck cancer. Despite recent progress in screening and vaccination, the incidence and mortality are still relatively high, especially in low‐income countries. The mortality and financial burden associated with the treatment could be decreased if a simple, rapid, and inexpensive technology for HPV testing becomes available, targeting individuals for further monitoring with increased risk of developing cancer. Commercial HPV tests available in the market are often relatively expensive, time‐consuming, and require sophisticated instrumentation, which limits their more widespread utilization. To address these challenges, novel technologies are being implemented also for HPV diagnostics that include for example, isothermal amplification techniques, lateral flow assays, CRISPR‐Cas‐based systems, as well as microfluidics, paperfluidics and lab‐on‐a‐chip devices, ideal for point‐of‐care testing in decentralized settings. In this review, we first evaluate current commercial HPV tests, followed by a description of advanced technologies, explanation of their principles, critical evaluation of their strengths and weaknesses, and suggestions for their possible implementation into medical diagnostics.
Mitigation of acrylamide formation in wood oven baked pizza base using wholemeal and refined wheat flour with low free asparagine content: considerations on fibre intake and starch digestibility
Authors: Covino Clelia , Tafuri Andrea , Sorrentino Angela , Masci Stefania , Baldoni Elena , Sestili Francesco , Villalonga Reynaldo , Masi Paolo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn wheat‐derived bakery products, the quantity of free asparagine (fAsn) has been identified as a key factor in acrylamide (AA) formation. Based on this assumption, four varieties of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), Stromboli, Montecarlo, Sothys and Cosmic, selected for their different fAsn content inside the grain, were studied to evaluate their potential in the production of pizza with reduced AA levels. To this purpose, wholemeal and refined flours were obtained from each variety.ResultsThe fAsn content ranged from 0.25 to 3.30 mmol kg−1, with higher values for wholemeal flours which also showed greater amount of ash, fibre and damaged starch than refined wheat flours. All types of flours were separately used to produce wood oven baked pizza base, according to the Traditional Speciality Guaranteed EU Regulation (97/2010). AA reduction in the range 47–68% was found for all the selected wheat cultivars, compared with a commercial flour, with significantly lower values registered when refined flour was used. Moreover, refined leavened dough samples showed decreased levels of fAsn and reducing sugars due to the fermentation activity of yeasts. Furthermore, it was confirmed that pizza made with wholemeal flours exhibited lower rapidly digestible starch (RDS) and rapidly available glucose (RAG) values compared to that prepared with the refined flour.ConclusionThis study clearly shows that a reduced asparagine content in wheat flour is a key factor in the mitigation of AA formation in pizza base. Unfortunately, at the same time, it is highlighted how it is necessary to sacrifice the beneficial effects of fibre intake, such as lowering the glycaemic index, in order to reduce AA. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Detection of wheat saccharification power and protein content using stacked models integrated with hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Huang Yuexiang , Tian Jianping , Yang Haili , Hu Xinjun , Han Lipeng , Fei Xue , He Kangling , Liang Yan , Xie Liangliang , Huang Dan , Zhang HengJing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDWheat is one of the key ingredients used to make Chinese liquor, and its saccharification power and protein content directly affect the quality of the liquor. In pursuit of a non‐destructive assessment of wheat components and the optimization of raw material proportions in liquor, this study introduces a precise predictive model that integrates hyperspectral imaging (HSI) with stacked ensemble learning (SEL).RESULTSThis study extracted hyperspectral information from 14 different varieties of wheat and employed various algorithms for preprocessing. It was observed that multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) emerged as the most effective spectral preprocessing method. The feature wavelengths were extracted from the preprocessed spectral data using three different feature extraction methods. Then, single models (support vector machine (SVM), backpropagation neural network (BPNN), random forest (RF), and gradient boosting tree (XGBoost)) and a SEL model were developed to compare the prediction accuracies of the SEL model and the single models based on the full‐band spectral data and the characteristic wavelengths. The findings indicate that the MSC–competitive adaptive reweighted sampling–SEL model demonstrated the highest prediction accuracy, with Rp2 (test set‐determined coefficient) values of 0.9308 and 0.9939 for predicting the saccharification power and protein content and root mean square error of the test set values of 0.0081 U and 0.0116 g kg−1, respectively.CONCLUSIONThe predictive model established in this study, integrating HSI and SEL models, accurately detected wheat saccharification power and protein content. This validation underscores the practical potential of the SEL model and holds significant importance for non‐destructive component analysis of raw materials used in liquor. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Formulation of a probiotic product using Almond gum
Authors: Rasamani Padmapriya 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe application of probiotics in food has expanded significantly, yet its viability remains a challenge. In response to this issue, this study explores a unique approach. Almond gum, a natural extract from Prunus dulcis, is utilized as the primary carrier matrix for a novel probiotic product featuring Saccharomyces boulardii, a probiotic yeast.METHODSThis study involves the entrapment of S. boulardii in almond gum through centrifugation (5 min at 1300 × g) and subsequent 24 h drying at 50 °C. Sensory evaluation and other investigations were conducted at different pH levels to assess viability and performance.RESULTSPost‐drying entrapment efficiency was 83.85%, underscoring the benefits of choosing almond gum as a carrier matrix. Promising results were observed from viability testing conducted in gastric juice (pH 1.2) and in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 6.8). Matrix stability was assessed by measuring cfu ml−1 following 7 days’ storage at different temperatures, complemented by sensory analysis.CONCLUSIONAlmond gum is a promising carrier matrix for probiotic products. Its high entrapment efficiency and its viability under challenging pH conditions demonstrate its efficacy. It is rich in carbohydrates and serves a dual purpose by acting as a prebiotic source, as confirmed through ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible) analysis. The study underscores the potential of this novel approach, providing insights into responses to viability challenges in probiotic food products. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Large multiplanar changes to native alignment have no apparent impact on clinical outcomes following total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Tarassoli Payam , Warnock Jonathan M. , Lim Yoong Ping , Jagota Ishaan , Parker David 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study sought to examine if achieved postoperative alignment when compared to the native anatomy would lead to a difference in Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs), and whether the achieved alignment could be broadly categorised by an accepted alignment strategy.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected data on patients undergoing single primary or bilateral simultaneous total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was carried out. CT scans were used to determine the mean change (“delta values”) between the pre and postoperative; hip‐knee‐ankle angle, lateral distal femoral angle, medial proximal tibial angle and femoral implant rotation. Femoral implant flexion and tibial implant slope were measured postoperatively. The primary outcome was the relationship of the variables to the change in KOOS pain subscale after one year. The secondary outcome was the number of knees which could be categorised postoperatively to an alignment strategy, and the mean PROMs in each cohort.ResultsA total of 296 knees in 261 patients were available for analysis. With regards to the primary outcome, the delta values for each variable did not demonstrate any association with the change in knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) pain score. Approximately 46% of knees could not be categorised to an alignment strategy based on postoperatively measured alignment, with no significant difference between each cohort with regards to the change in KOOS Pain score.ConclusionAchieved alignment does not consistently match accepted alignment strategies, and appears to confer no benefit to clinical outcomes when the native anatomy is most closely approximated, nor results in poorer outcomes in outliers. This study highlights the importance of routine three dimensional pre and postoperative imaging in clinical practice and for the valid analysis of outcomes in studies on alignment.Level of EvidenceLevel III, retrospective cohort study.
The Impact of Four Smoking Metrics on Survival After Diagnosis with HPV+ Oropharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Wilkins Sarah G. , Shah Rema , Safranek Conrad W. , Shah Hemali P. , Mehra Saral 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveWhile tobacco use is understood to negatively impact HPV+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) outcomes, debate remains as to how this impact differs between cohorts. Multiple smoking metrics have been identified as having the greatest prognostic significance, and some recent works have found smoking to have no significant impact. Herein, we show through an analysis of four common smoking metrics that while smoking impacts overall survival (OS), it has a limited impact on recurrence‐free survival (RFS) in our cohort.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of patients treated for HPV+ OPSCC in our health system from 2012 to 2019. Patients with metastatic disease or concurrent second primaries were excluded. Four metrics of tobacco use were assessed: current/former/never smokers, ever/never smokers, and smokers with >10 or >20 pack‐year (PY) smoking histories. Our main outcomes were 3‐year RFS and OS.ResultsThree hundred and sixty‐seven patients met inclusion criteria. 37.3% of patients (137/367) were never‐smokers; 13.8% of patients (51/367) were currently smoking at diagnosis and 48.8% of patients (179/367) were former smokers. No tobacco‐use metric significantly impacted 3‐year RFS. On univariate analysis, all smoking metrics yielded inferior OS. On multivariate analysis, current and ever smoking status significantly impacted 3‐year OS.ConclusionThe impact of tobacco use on HPV+ OPSCC outcomes is not universal, but may instead be modulated by other cohort‐specific factors. The impact of smoking may decrease as rates of tobacco use decline.Level of Evidence3 (Cohort and case–control studies) Laryngoscope, 134:3158–3164, 2024
Coherent Optical Comb Generation in the Joint Space of Frequency and Topological Charge
Authors: Li Jiaqi , Zeng Shihao , Xie Yaozu , Wu Zhaoyang , Lin Shuqing , Zhang Yanfeng , Yu Siyuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCoherent photonic states in the frequency domain or optical frequency combs are investigated widely over the past decade. Meanwhile, photonic states based on spatial coherence, in particular optical vortex states, have also been studied extensively. Further exploitation of coherent photonics state in hitherto unexplored higher dimensional spaces can reveal new realms of physics. The on‐chip generation of coherent optical combs in the 2D parameter space of frequency and topological charge is reported. Using a micro‐ring resonator embedded with angular gratings, optical frequency combs are generated by Kerr nonlinearity. The coherent comb lines, with their frequencies inherently matching the cavity resonances, are immediately diffracted by the angular grating to emit an ensemble of coherent spatial photonic states with each state carrying distinctive spin and orbital angular momenta. The mapping between the frequency and the topological charge dimensions leads to the construction of coherent combs in the high‐dimensional frequency‐topological charge (f‐l) space. Operating the device in the normal‐dispersion regime enables the adjustment of comb line spacing from 1 to 11 free spectral ranges by selectively pumping different cavity resonances with high pump‐to‐comb conversion efficiency. Such on‐chip reconfigurable high‐dimensional coherent optical combs open avenues for innovative exploration of physics.
ACHIEVING GREAT LEADERSHIP WITH THREE SIMPLE STEPS
Authors: Schaniel Mandy 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe author is founder and CEO of Schaniel Consulting Inc., and joined the executive team at ZipRecruiter as employee number 19. She relates how she “learned how to embody a leadership style I could not only be proud of, but would provide the opportunity to inspire leadership and growth in my employees.” She includes “tips I learned from my own mentors, mistakes I’ve overcome and my reading and consulting with other leaders that you may realize you are already implementing.” In her words, these tips are: 1. Address Employee Engagement, 2. Foster Employee Growth, 3. Always Be Optimizing. For instance, within tip 1 she writes that “as a mother of three, family and work‐life balance has always been top‐of‐mind for me, as is managing stress and overall health.” In tip 2: “Whenever I consult a new client, leader or friend, the first question I ask them is if they are conducting one‐on‐ones.” She also describes five primary styles of leadership: Authoritative, Directive, Participative, Servant, and Transformational. “Great leadership,” she writes, “requires embracing a growth mindset, meaning you thrive on the challenge of facing down an obstacle and see each one as an opportunity to grow.”
Protective effect of alpha‐lipoic acid and epalrestat on oxaliplatin‐induced peripheral neuropathy in zebrafish
Authors: Lee Dong‐Won , Park Hae‐Chul , Kim Dong Hwee 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsOxaliplatin is a platinum‐based anti‐cancer drug widely used in colorectal cancer patients, but it may cause peripheral neuropathy. As one of the main causes of oxaliplatin‐induced peripheral neuropathy (OPN) is oxidative stress, which is also a key factor causing diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), the aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive effects of alpha‐lipoic acid (ALA) and epalrestat (EP), which are used for the treatment of DPN, in an OPN zebrafish model.MethodsTg(nbt:dsred) transgenic zebrafish, with sensory nerves in the peripheral lateral line, were treated with oxaliplatin, oxaliplatin/EP, and oxaliplatin/ALA for 4 days. A confocal microscope was used to visualize and quantify the number of axon bifurcations in the distal nerve ending. To analyze the formation of synapses on sensory nerve terminals, quantification of membrane‐associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) puncta was performed using immunohistochemistry.ResultsThe number of axon bifurcations and intensity of MAGUK puncta were significantly reduced in the oxaliplatin‐treated group compared with those in the embryo medium‐treated group. In both the oxaliplatin/EP and oxaliplatin/ALA‐treated groups, the number of axon bifurcations and intensity of MAGUK puncta were greater than those in the oxaliplatin‐treated group (p < .0001), and no significant difference was observed between larvae treated with oxaliplatin/ALA 1 μM and oxaliplatin/EP 1 μM (p = .4292).DiscussionALA and EP have protective effects against OPN in zebrafish. Our findings show that ALA and EP can facilitate more beneficial treatment for OPN.
Converting pixel‐type topology optimization results to MMC‐representation based on sparse optimization and its applications
Authors: Ling Ran , Xu Gang , Zhang Xiaoyu , Xu Jinlan , Guo Xu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHow to realize the switching between various topology optimization approaches such as SIMP and moving morphable component (MMC) method, is a crucial challenge in the field of structural design. In this article, a robust conversion framework is proposed to convert a pixel‐type topology optimization result to MMC representation. Based on the sparse optimization approach, the framework enables the determination of the minimum number of components with a specified shape error. This method provides an efficient bridge for these two types of geometric descriptions, and promotes the free switching between the topology optimization frameworks with pixel‐based and MMC‐based design domains. The proposed procedure contains a pre‐processing of resolution improvement, symmetry axis extraction with sparse optimization, and variational shape approximation. Two practical applications are demonstrated using the proposed framework. First, it can be applied to the intermediate results of SIMP, to achieve faster optimization convergence. Furthermore, a stress‐based shape optimization approach can be applied to the obtained MMCs, and novel progressive continuity constraints are also introduced to maintain boundary continuity. Several examples demonstrate advantages of the proposed framework.
Fully decoupled unconditionally stable Crank–Nicolson leapfrog numerical methods for the Cahn–Hilliard–Darcy system
Authors: Gao Yali , Han Daozhi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe develop two totally decoupled, linear and second‐order accurate numerical methods that are unconditionally energy stable for solving the Cahn–Hilliard–Darcy equations for two phase flows in porous media or in a Hele‐Shaw cell. The implicit‐explicit Crank–Nicolson leapfrog method is employed for the discretization of the Cahn–Hiliard equation to obtain linear schemes. Furthermore the artificial compression technique and pressure correction methods are utilized, respectively, so that the Cahn–Hiliard equation and the update of the Darcy pressure can be solved independently. We establish unconditionally long time stability of the schemes. Ample numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the numerical methods, including simulations of the Rayleigh–Taylor instability, the Saffman–Taylor instability (fingering phenomenon).
Assessing Laryngectomy Patient Education on YouTube: Investigating Quality and Reliability
Authors: Lin Matthew E. , Ayo‐Ajibola Oluwatobiloba , Castellanos Carlos X. , West Jonathan , Luu Neil , Kim Ian , Kokot Niels C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to characterize the quality of laryngectomy‐related patient education on YouTube and understand factors impacting video content quality.Study DesignCross‐sectional cohort analysis.SettingLaryngectomy‐related videos on YouTube.MethodsYouTube was anonymously queried for various laryngectomy procedure search terms. Video quality was evaluated using the validated DISCERN instrument which assesses treatment‐related information quality. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize our cohort. Univariate and multivariable linear regression were used to assess factors associated with increased DISCERN score. Significance was set at P < .05.ResultsOur 78‐video cohort exhibited moderate levels of engagement, averaging 13,028.40 views (SD = 24,246.93), 69.79 likes (SD = 163.75), and 5.27 comments (SD = 18.81). Videos were most frequently uploaded to accounts belonging to physicians (43.59%) or health care groups (41.03%) and showcased operations (52.56%) or physician‐led education (20.51%). Otolaryngologists were featured in most videos (85.90%), and most videos originated outside the United States (67.95%). Laryngectomy videos demonstrated poor reliability (mean = 2.35, SD = 0.77), quality of treatment information (mean = 1.92, SD = 0.86), and overall video quality (mean = 1.97, SD = 1.12). In multivariable linear regression, operative videos were associated with lower video quality relative to nonoperative videos (β = −1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [−2.03 to −1.24], P < .001); the opposite was true for videos from accounts with higher subscriber counts (β = 0.02, 95% CI = [0.01‐0.03], P = .005).ConclusionThe quality and quantity of YouTube's laryngectomy educational content is limited. There is an acute need to increase the quantity and quality of online laryngectomy‐related content to better support patients and caregivers as they cope with their diagnosis, prepare for, and recover from surgery.