bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Semicrystalline Unfused Polymer Donors with Backbone Halogenation toward Cost‐Effective Organic Solar Cells†
Authors: Kong Yuxin , Ju Shijie , Qin Hongmei , Jee Min Hun , Xia Simeng , Ren Jiaqi , Gao Chao , Yuan Jianyu , Su Wenyan , Woo Han Young , Li Yuxiang 
Published: December 2023

Comprehensive SummaryDeveloping novel unfused building blocks with simple synthesis and low cost is essential to advance and enrich cost‐effective polymer donors; however, it remains a challenge due to the lack of efficient molecular strategies. Herein, a class of low‐cost and fully unfused polymer donors with precisely regulated backbone planarity via halogenation was designed and synthesized, namely PDTBTBz‐2H, PDTBTBz‐2F, and PDTBTBz‐2Cl. These polymer donors possess a four‐step synthesis route with over 80% yield from cheap raw chemicals comparable to existing low‐cost polymer donors, such as PTQ10. Benefitting from the planar backbone via incorporating the F···S non‐covalent interactions, PDTBTBz‐2F exhibits more robust J‐type aggregation in solution and a long‐ranged molecular stacking in film relative to PDTBTBz‐2H and PDTBTBz‐2Cl. Moreover, the systematical study of PDTBTBz‐based organic solar cells (OSCs) reveals the close relationship between optimized molecular self‐assembly and charge separation/transport regarding backbone halogenation when paired with the non‐fullerene acceptor (Y6‐BO‐4F). As a result, the photovoltaic devices based on semicrystalline PDTBTBz‐2F achieved a promising power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.37%. Our work highlighted the influence of backbone halogenation on the molecular self‐assembly properties and a potential unfused backbone motif for further developing cost‐effective OSCs.
Decline of Tephroseris helenitis in Hessia (Germany) over the last 120 years: Modeling implies the gradual disappearance of its temperature niche for flower induction and germination
Authors: Griebeler Eva Maria , Kadereit Joachim W. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTephroseris helenitis is a perennial herb that experienced a severe decline of species records over the last 120 years in the state of Hessia, Germany. Here, the species is found in humid habitats with moderate temperatures. In this modeling study, we assessed changes in climatic conditions between the periods 1900–1949, 1950–1979, 1980–1999 and 2000–2020 and explored whether these changes can explain the decline of records of T. helenitis. Climatic variables used were monthly precipitation sums, monthly mean, minimum and maximum temperatures, monthly temperature ranges as well as annual precipitation sum and annual mean temperature. For the majority of these variables, changes were significant across periods. Minimum temperatures in March, April and July (Tmin_Mar, Tmin_Apr, Tmin_Jul) best explained species presences and absences in 1900–1949 and 1950–1979. The species shifted its realized niche towards lower Tmin_Mar and narrowed its niche on Tmin_Apr and Tmin_Jul between these two periods. March, April and July are crucial in the life cycle of T. helenitis. Tmin_Mar and Tmin_Apr are related to the induction of flowering through a period of low temperatures (vernalization), and Tmin_Jul is related to seed germination. Documented increasing March and April temperatures as well as autumn and winter temperatures in the past 120 years may imply that vernalization became increasingly unsuccessful for the species and increasing July temperatures may have decreased its germination success. Given the disappearance of its temperature niche (Tmin_Mar, Tmin_Apr, Tmin_Jul) due to ongoing global warming not only in Hessia and Germany, we anticipate that T. helenitis will go extinct in Europe.
Approximate Bayesian computation and ecological niche models elucidate the demographic history and current fragmented population distribution of a Korean endemic shrub
Authors: Ong Homervergel G. , Kim Yong‐In , Lee Jung‐Hoon , Kim Bo‐Yun , Kang Dae‐Hyun , Jung Eui‐Kwon , Shin Jae‐Seo , Kim Young‐Dong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractClimatic fluctuations and geological events since the LGM are believed to have significantly impacted the population size, distribution, and mobility of many species that we observe today. In this paper, we determined the processes driving the phylogeographic structure of the Korean endemic white forsythia by combining the use of genome‐wide SNPs and predicting paleoclimatic habitats during the LGM (21 kya), Early Holocene (10 kya), Mid‐Holocene (6 kya), and Late Holocene (3 kya). Using a maximum of 1897 SNPs retrieved from 124 samples across nine wild populations, five environmental predictors, and the species' natural occurrence records, we aimed to infer the species' demographic history and reconstruct its possible paleodistributions with the use of approximate Bayesian computation and ecological niche models, respectively. Under this integrated framework, we found strong evidence for patterns of range shift and expansion, and population divergence events from the onset of the Holocene, resulting in the formation of its five distinct genetic units. The most highly supported model inferred that after the split of an ancestral population into the southern group and a larger central metapopulation lineage, the latter gave rise to the eastern and northern clusters, before finally dividing into two sub‐central groups. While the use of molecular data allowed us to identify and refine the (phylo)genetic relationships of the species' lineages and populations, the use of ecological data helped us infer a past LGM refugium and the directions of post‐glacial range dynamics. The time frames of these demographic events were shown to be congruent with climatic and geological events that affected the central Korean Peninsula during these periods. These findings gave us a better understanding of the consequences of past spatiotemporal factors that may have resulted in the current fragmented population distribution of this endangered plant.
Human land‐use changes the diets of sympatric native and invasive mammal species
Authors: Chiu‐Werner Antje , Jones Menna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe consequences of biological invasions and habitat degradation for native biodiversity depend on how species cope with the individual and synergetic challenges these processes present. To assess the impact of anthropogenic land‐use on the food web architecture of an invaded community, we examine the diets of nine native and two highly invasive mammal species at different trophic levels, inhabiting different land‐uses across six biogeographic regions in Tasmania, Australia. We use two complementary methods, environmental DNA metabarcoding analysis (eDNA) of faeces and stable isotope analysis (SIA) of nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) in whole blood, to account for the high interindividual and temporal variability in the diets of multiple species simultaneously. eDNA showed regionalisation in the diet of smaller species, with land‐use further defining dietary taxa within each region. SIA revealed that bioregion and land‐use influence the δ13C values of all carnivore species and omnivores, whereas the δ15N values of these species are influenced only by land‐use and not bioregion. Including multiple species showed that native rats are changing their diet in response to the presence of invasive rats, an impact that would have otherwise been attributed to land‐use. Our findings demonstrate that human activities and invasive species are moulding the diets of invaded communities, raising questions about the potential impacts that dietary modifications will have on the life‐history traits and the evolutionary consequences these modifications might have on the survival of native species. This highlights the urgency of including human activities in ecological studies and the importance of targeting multispecies assemblages to gain a better understanding of synergetic impacts on native biodiversity.
Opportunistic citizen science data reveals habitat selection of lesser black‐backed gulls in Central Europe
Authors: Lánczos Zsuzsanna , Végvári Zsolt , Ecsedi Zoltán , Boros Emil 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study is the first attempt to find a relation between the opportunistic observation data of an easily identifiable but locally rare bird, in our case the lesser black‐backed gull (Larus fuscus fuscus), and the Corine Land Cover habitat map by applying a resource selection function model to reveal the habitat selection of the species. We provide a scientific analysis using the valuable citizen science dataset sourced from the www.birding.hu website, collected by hundreds of volunteers over a span of more than a decade in Hungary. Birds selected for landfills, river and lake habitats and showed a significant but much smaller attraction towards urban areas, while they selected against arable lands. We found that in the case of rare and moderately common birds, we can obtain a representative picture of the habitat selection of the species, even if the data are collected by non‐standardized means.
Monitoring WAD cyanide concentration in river waters with a glassy carbon electrode modified with 9,10‐Phenanthroquinone
Authors: Cardenas‐Riojas Andy A. , Calderon‐Zavaleta Sandy L. , Quiroz‐Aguinaga Ulises , Muedas‐Taipe Golfer , La Rosa‐Toro Gómez Adolfo , Ponce‐Vargas Miguel , Baena‐Moncada Angélica M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHeavy metal‐containing industrial effluent streams from electroplating and metalworking industries represent a major environmental issue. They contain metal cyanide complexes ([Ni(CN)4]2− and [Cu(CN)3]2−) referred to as weak acid dissociable cyanide (CN‐WAD), which require continuous in situ monitoring. In this scenario, a glassy carbon (GC) electrode superficially decorated with 9,10‐phenanthroquinone (FNQ) is manufactured and employed for the simultaneous electrochemical monitoring of cyanide WAD complexes. The interaction between GC and FNQ was characterized by Raman and electrochemical impedance spectroscopies, cyclic voltammetry, and chronocoulometry. The electrochemical evaluation was conducted by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and CV. The GC/FNQ electrochemical sensor simultaneously detected cyanide complexes with an average linear range of 9–93 μmol L−1, and a detection limit of 0.15±0.04 μmol L−1 and 1.2±0.6 μmol L−1 for [Ni(CN)4]2− and [Cu(CN)3]2−, respectively. The sensor demonstrated remarkable selectivity in the presence of multiple interfering species with a percentage variation range of 89.2–109.4 %. Moreover, a computational DFT study provided valuable insights into the electrode/electrolyte interface. Finally, the developed sensor was applied for the electrochemical detection of WAD cyanide in river water samples.
Postoperative small intestinal obstruction caused by barbed suture after robot‐assisted laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy
Authors: Takagi Haruka , Wada Naoki , Morishita Shun , Ohtani Miyu , Kitta Takeya , Kakizaki Hidehiro , Kohro Daisuke , Shonaka Tatsuya 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionWe present a case of small intestinal obstruction due to a barbed suture used for peritoneal closure during robot‐assisted laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy.Case presentationA female patient with pelvic organ prolapse underwent robot‐assisted laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy uneventfully. Intestinal obstruction developed on postoperative Day 4. Conservative treatment with the ileus tube failed to improve abdominal symptoms. The laparoscopic examination on postoperative Day 14 revealed the barbed suture entangled with the small intestinal mesentery. The tail of the barbed suture was laparoscopically detached from the mesentery without damaging the small intestine. The tail of the barbed suture was trimmed; an antiadhesive material was applied to the peritoneal closure line and the trimmed tail of the barbed suture.ConclusionWe recommend the use of conventional absorbable sutures in the peritoneal cavity because of the potential risk of intestinal obstruction caused by the barbed suture.
Intraseasonal variations of precipitation over southern China during boreal winter and their two primary influencing factors
Authors: Chen Xiong , Chen Chaohui , Li Chongyin , Guo Hailong , Yang Minghao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper utilizes reanalysis data and statistical methods to elucidate the physical mechanisms of intraseasonal variations of precipitation over southern China during the boreal winter, as well as the two primary factors influencing these variations. Anomalous southerly (northerly) wind over southern China will result in the strong moisture convergence (divergence) in enhanced (suppressed) scenarios, and the stronger positive (negative) horizontal advection of absolute vorticity at upper troposphere induces the anomalous ascending (descending) motion in enhanced (suppressed) scenarios. The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) in the tropics and a wave train over the North Atlantic and Eurasia with four activity centres in the mid–high latitudes (referred as NAE‐wave train) are the two primary factors that modulate the intraseasoanl precipitation over southern China. The intraseasonal circulation induced by MJO and NAE‐wave train exhibits distinct features, resulting in different physical mechanisms of their influences. The moisture flux divergence anomalies over southern China associated with MJO mainly stem from the meridional moisture convergence, whereas the meridional moisture advection is the first contributor in the influence of NAE‐wave train. The anomalous vorticity advection at upper troposphere associated with MJO is primarily influenced by the meridional advection, but that associated with NAE‐wave train is dominated by the zonal advection. Anomalous precipitation induced by MJO is concentrated mainly over South China, while that caused by NAE‐wave train is primarily located in the mid–lower Yangtze River basin. Therefore, different phases locking of MJO and NAE‐wave train could lead to various precipitation anomalies over southern China.
Radiocarbon dates from the Netherlands and Doggerland as a proxy for vegetation and faunal biomass between 55 and 5 ka cal bp
Authors: Van Geel B. , Van Der Plicht J. , Kasse C. , Mol D. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTThree hundred forty‐one radiocarbon dates from the Groningen radiocarbon database are compiled in this study. They show for the first time that organic sediment samples from the eastern Netherlands and mammal bones from Doggerland reflect shifts in the presence and the density of vegetation (food for herbivores) and mammal biomass during the last ice age (Weichselian Stage, ~119–14.7 ka cal bp). Comparison with oxygen isotope curves of Greenland ice cores and geomorphological data shows that cold climate, in particular during the younger part of the Weichselian Middle Pleniglacial and during the Late Pleniglacial, and related scarcity or even absence of vegetation, were limiting factors for the carrying capacity of the landscape and thus for the population density of large herbivores during the period covered by 14C dating (last ca. 55 000 years). A ‘fossil gap’ during the Late Pleniglacial lasted ca. 13 000 years from ca. 28 to 15 ka cal
bp. Previous research from the nearby Eifel region in Germany shows that environmental conditions were less extreme (‘refugium conditions’) than in the Netherlands, taking into account the continuous presence of spores of coprophilous fungi in the Eifel, indicating uninterrupted food supply for herbivores.
Effects of leaf and stem maturation on nutritional value in Megathyrsus maximus
Authors: Hernández Álvarez Urys M. , López Colomba Eliana , Bollati Graciela P. , Carloni Edgardo J. , Reutemann Andrea G. , Grunberg Karina A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundMegathyrsus maximus is a forage grass native to Africa but widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of the world where it is part of the grazing food chain. This study aimed to evaluate five M. maximus genotypes for the effect of maturity on their morpho‐agronomic traits, nutritional composition and digestibility, and to correlate their leaf blade and stem anatomy with their nutritional value.ResultsThe proportion of sclerenchyma tissues increased as maturity was reached, while lignin accumulation was differentiated between genotypes. Gatton Panic, Green Panic and Mutale genotypes maintained their acid detergent lignin (ADL) values for leaf blades in the three cuts evaluated. In sacco ruminal dry matter disappearance was lower in Green Panic genotype at the vegetative stage for stems, but not for leaf blades. Significant positive correlations were found between dry matter disappearance and mesophyll tissues, and the latter were negatively correlated with neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and ADL.ConclusionOur results strongly indicate that cutting age and genotype affected the nutritional value of M. maximus leaf blades and stems, with a more pronounced loss of quality in stems than in leaf blades. We recommend increasing the frequency of grazing at early stage or anticipating the stage of stem elongation in Green Panic to produce forage with better nutritional value. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Ordered nanoassemblies from self‐assembly of amphiphilic molecule containing pillar[5]arene and azobenzene groups
Authors: Liu Peng , Deng Yingying , Lu Jie , Gou Xiaoliang , Han Qingqing , Pei Yi‐Rong , Jin Long Yi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe derivatization of pillar[n]arenes is a prerequisite for endowing them with functions, as well as enriching the application of pillar[n]arene materials in advanced material science. Herein, we report the self‐assembly of amphiphilic rim‐differentiated pillar[5]arene (H1). One side of the pillar[5]arene is composed of hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) chains, benzene and azobenzene groups connected with ether bonds, and the other side is composed of ethoxy groups. In CHCl3 solvent, the amphiphile H1 self‐assembled into spherical micelles, while in H2O/THF mixed solvent H1 self‐assembled into nanorod‐like assemblies. Interestingly, addition of a guest molecule composed of tetraphenylethene and hexanenitrile groups (G1) to the CHCl3 solution of H1 produces large sheet aggregates via the strong π–π stacking of rod segments. The reversible transformation between the nanosheet assemblies of host–guest complexes and nanoparticles is achieved by addition of the guest molecule 1,4‐butylamine (G2) and pillar[5]arene with ethoxy groups as competitive molecules. Notably, worm‐like and nanorod micelles of H1 were constructed in H2O/THF solution triggered by light irradiation, which assemblies can be used as photosensitive erasable writing materials. © 2023 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Sustained Release of Hydrogen by PdH‐Te Nanozyme for Anti‐Inflammatory Therapy Against Atherosclerosis
Authors: Xu Min , Zhang Xuan , Dong Baowen , Wang Wenjuan , Zhao Zhihuan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAtherosclerosis is induced by the persistent inflammation of the arterial wall. The regulation of inflammation through active drugs can mitigate atherosclerotic lesions, but the therapeutic outcome is limited due to its insufficient efficacy and stability. Herein, a PdH‐Te nanozyme with excellent reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capability is designed for anti‐inflammatory therapy, thereby preventing foam cell formation to alleviate atherosclerosis. As expected, the PdH‐Te nanozyme shows outstanding multiple antioxidant enzyme activities and sustained hydrogen release properties. Benefiting from decreased ROS levels by enzyme catalysis, PdH‐Te nanozyme significantly suppresses the pro‐inflammatory cytokines for atherosclerosis treatment. Taken together, the presented results demonstrate that inhibition of inflammation based on PdH‐Te nanozyme can effectively treat atherosclerosis, identifying an attractive strategy against cardiovascular diseases.
Experimental study on the effect of titanium hydride content on the detonation performance of emulsion explosives
Authors: Wang Fei , Ma Honghao , Shen Zhaowu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn order to improve the explosion characteristics of emulsion explosives, titanium hydride was added to emulsion explosives to produce a new type of hydrogen storage emulsion explosives. Charges with different contents of titanium hydride were evaluated through underwater explosion experiments and detonation velocity tests. The tests on underwater explosion and detonation velocity reveal that compared to pure emulsion explosives, the detonation parameters of emulsion explosives containing titanium hydride showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. When the mass ratio of titanium hydride in the emulsion explosive is 1 % to 3 %, all detonation parameters have been improved to a certain extent. When the mass ratio of titanium hydride in the emulsion explosive is 3 % to 10 %, only part of the detonation parameters (specific impulse, specific shock energy, specific total energy and volume energy density) has been improved. The maximum increase of specific impulse, specific shock energy, specific total energy and volume energy density of emulsion explosive containing titanium hydride is 7.06 %, 8.95 %, 3.97 % and 8.22 %, respectively. Based on the analysis, it is evident that though powdered TiH2 participates in the detonation reaction process of the emulsion explosive, the majority of TiH2′s energy is released during the secondary reaction occurring after the detonation wave front. Therefore, the detonation performance of emulsion explosives can be effectively improved by adding a certain mass ratio of titanium hydride.
Does migration improve the quality of life? The case of Swedish immigrants residing in Portugal
Authors: Esteves Alina , Rauhut Daniel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSituated in the intersection of the literature on QoL and lifestyle migration, this paper contributes to the discussion of three subjective components of QoL after migrating to another country. These are hedonic (happiness), evaluative (life satisfaction) and eudaimonic (having a purposeful or worthwhile life). Based on 36 in‐depth interviews to Swedish citizens permanently living in Portugal, a group understudied in the lifestyle migration framework, three groups of individuals were identified according to the drivers of migration. Following a life‐course approach, the research question exploring in what way has the QoL changed (or not) after migrating to Portugal is responded. Swedes compare different issues premigrating and postmigrating, cutting across the drivers that brought them to Portugal. The findings suggest differences in happiness, life satisfaction and purposefulness differ according to one's relative economic comfort, standards established for oneself moral principles on how to live, and identity making projects. Despite the challenges that remain, the perceived QoL has generally increased after settling in Portugal comparatively to what it was in their home country, especially in the evaluative and eudaimonic components.
Three-Way Spectral Clustering
Authors: Di Nuzzo Cinzia , Ingrassia Salvatore 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we present a spectral clustering approach for clustering three-way data. Three-way data concern data characterized by three modes: n units, p variables, and t different occasions. In other words, three-way data contain a t × p observed matrix for each statistical observation. The units generated by simultaneous observation of variables in different contexts are usually structured as three-way data, so each unit is basically represented as a matrix. In order to cluster the n units in K groups, the spectral clustering application to three-way data can be a powerful tool for unsupervised classification. Here, one example on real three-way data have been presented showing that spectral clustering method is a competitive method to cluster this type of data.