bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levodopa suppresses grid-like activity and impairs spatial learning in novel environments in healthy young adults
Authors: Gönner Lorenz , Baeuchl Christian , Glöckner Franka , Riedel Philipp , Smolka Michael N , Li Shu-Chen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Accumulated evidence from animal studies suggests a role for the neuromodulator dopamine in memory processes, particularly under conditions of novelty or reward. Our understanding of how dopaminergic modulation impacts spatial representations and spatial memory in humans remains limited. Recent evidence suggests age-specific regulation effects of dopamine pharmacology on activity in the medial temporal lobe, a key region for spatial memory. To which degree this modulation affects spatially patterned medial temporal representations remains unclear. We reanalyzed recent data from a pharmacological dopamine challenge during functional brain imaging combined with a virtual object-location memory paradigm to assess the effect of Levodopa, a dopamine precursor, on grid-like activity in the entorhinal cortex. We found that Levodopa impaired grid cell-like representations in a sample of young adults (n = 55, age = 26–35 years) in a novel environment, accompanied by reduced spatial memory performance. We observed no such impairment when Levodopa was delivered to participants who had prior experience with the task. These results are consistent with a role of dopamine in modulating the encoding of novel spatial experiences. Our results suggest that dopamine signaling may play a larger role in shaping ongoing spatial representations than previously thought.
Anisotropic seismic velocity variations in response to different orientations of tidal deformations
Authors: Takano Tomoya , Nishimura Takeshi , Nakahara Hisashi 
Published: October 2023

SUMMARY
Microcracks or micropores in rocks cause the elastic moduli to change with the applied strain owing to the nonlinear elasticity of the geomaterial, which causes temporal changes in the seismic wave velocity. Thus, variations in seismic wave velocity can be used as a proxy for understanding the strain or stress variations in the crust, which are crucial for figuring out the dynamics of the fault zones and volcanic domains. According to the theory of nonlinear elasticity, the second- and third-order elastic constants and strain tensors contribute to the strain derivative of seismic wave velocity changes. Although laboratory experiments have estimated third-order elastic constants for rock samples, the in situ values of those constants for the crust are difficult to obtain. In this study, seismic velocity changes were investigated in different directions of tidal deformations to provide constraints on the third-order elastic constants in the shallow crust by applying a seismic interferometry method to ambient noise records. We observed that negative velocity changes were of larger magnitude in the station-pair direction parallel to the tidal strain’s direction. Nonlinear elasticity in shallow crust may cause anisotropic velocity variations in response to tidal deformations. Our results highlight the use of velocity change measurements in different directions of tidal strain to constrain nonlinear elastic parameters on a field scale.
Knocking down a DNA demethylase gene affects potato plant defense against a specialist insect herbivore
Authors: Zhang Yadong , Zhong Jian , Munawar Asim , Cai Yajie , He Wenjing , Zhang Yixin , Guo Han , Gao Yulin , Zhu Zengrong , Zhou Wenwu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
DNA demethylase (DML) is involved in plant development and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses; however, its role in plant–herbivore interaction remains elusive. Here, we found that herbivory by the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella, rapidly induced the genome-wide DNA methylation and accumulation of DML gene transcripts in potato plants. Herbivory induction of DML transcripts was suppressed in jasmonate-deficient plants, whereas exogenous application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) improved DML transcripts, indicating that the induction of DML transcripts by herbivory is associated with jasmonate signaling. Moreover, P. operculella larvae grew heavier on DML gene (StDML2) knockdown plants than on wild-type plants, and the decreased biosynthesis of jasmonates in the former may be responsible for this difference, since the larvae feeding on these two genotypes supplemented with MeJA showed similar growth. In addition, P. operculella adult moths preferred to oviposit on StDML2 knockdown plants than on wild-type plants, which was associated with the reduced emission of β-caryophyllene in the former. In addition, supplementing β-caryophyllene to these two genotypes further disrupted moths’ oviposit choice preference for them. Interestingly, in StDML2 knockdown plants, hypermethylation was found at the promoter regions for the key genes StAOS and StAOC in the jasmonate biosynthetic pathway, as well as for the key gene StTPS12 in β-caryophyllene production. Our findings suggest that knocking down StDML2 can affect herbivore defense via jasmonate signaling and defense compound production in potato plants.
Projective relative unification through duality
Authors: Balbiani Philippe , Gougeon Quentin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Unification problems can be formulated and investigated in an algebraic setting, by identifying substitutions to modal algebra homomorphisms. This opens the door to applications of the notorious duality between Heyting or modal algebras and descriptive frames. Through substantial use of this correspondence, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for formulas to be projective. A close inspection of this characterization will motivate a generalization of standard unification, which we dub relative unification. Applying this result to a number of different logics, we then obtain new proofs of their projective—or non-projective—character. Aside from reproving known results, we show that the projective extensions of $\textbf{K5}$ are exactly the extensions of $\textbf{K45}$. This resolves the open question of whether $\textbf{K5}$ is projective.
TODDLERS: a new UV–mm emission library for star-forming regions – I. Integration with SKIRT and public release
Authors: Kapoor Anand Utsav , Baes Maarten , van der Wel Arjen , Gebek Andrea , Camps Peter , Nersesian Angelos , Meidt Sharon E , Smith Aaron , Vicens Sebastien , D’Eugenio Francesco , Martorano Marco , Barrientos Daniela , Sartorio Nina Sanches 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We present and publicly release a new star-forming regions emission library TODDLERS (Time evolution of Observables including Dust Diagnostics and Line Emission from Regions containing young Stars) for the publicly available radiative transfer code SKIRT. The library generation involves the spherical evolution of a homogeneous gas cloud around a young stellar cluster that accounts for stellar feedback processes including stellar winds, supernovae, and radiation pressure, as well as the gravitational forces on the gas. The semi-analytical evolution model is coupled with the photoionization code Cloudy to calculate time-dependent UV–mm spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from star-forming regions of varying metallicity, star-formation efficiency, birth-cloud density, and mass. The calculated SEDs include the stellar, nebular, and dust continuum emission along with a wide range of emission lines originating from H ii, photodissociation, and molecular gas regimes tabulated at high resolution. The SEDs incorporated in SKIRT are generated by calculating a stellar-mass normalized luminosity, which assumes that each emission source is composed of a power-law population of star-forming clouds. When compared to the previous treatment of star-forming regions in SKIRT, TODDLERS shows a better agreement with low-redshift observational data in the IR wavelength range while offering a more comprehensive line-emission support. This paves the way for a variety of applications using simulated galaxies at low and high redshift.
Internal Displacement and Subjective Well-Being: The Case of Ukraine in 2018
Authors: Perelli-Harris Brienna , Zavisca Jane , Levchuk Nataliia , Gerber Theodore P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Ukraine is currently experiencing the largest human displacement crisis in the world. However, armed conflict that started in 2014 had already displaced nearly 1.8 million people in Ukraine, resulting in the largest internally displaced population in Europe. Although ethnically and culturally similar to the local population, Ukrainian Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) encounter severe economic, housing, and social challenges, as well as residual trauma from violence. In this study we examine the extent to which the subjective well-being (SWB) of IDPs differs from locals who were not displaced. We explore whether the difference in subjective well-being between IDPs and locals is due to economic hardship, inadequate housing, and/or weak social support. Using a unique survey conducted in 2018 and OLS regression methods, we find a sizable gap in SWB between IDPs and locals. The gap shrinks after accounting for economic and housing status, and support from local networks. Measures of loss in housing and social networks additionally account for the gap. However, none of the factors we measure can account for the difference between locals and IDPs who reported only leaving due to violence, pointing to the enduring impact of trauma on SWB.
The fluorescence‐based competitive counterflow assay developed for organic anion transporting polypeptides 1A2, 1B1, 1B3 and 2B1 identifies pentamidine as a selective OATP1A2 substrate
Authors: Ungvári Orsolya , Bakos Éva , Kovacsics Daniella , Özvegy‐Laczka Csilla 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOrganic anion transporting polypeptides OATP1A2, OATP1B1, OATP1B3 and OATP2B1 are Na+‐ and ATP‐independent exchangers of large, organic compounds, encompassing structurally diverse xenobiotics, including various drugs. These OATPs influence intestinal absorption (OATP2B1), hepatic clearance (OATP1B1/3) and blood to brain penetration (OATP1A2, OATP2B1) of their drug substrates. Consequently, OATP‐mediated drug or food interactions may lead to altered pharmacokinetics and toxicity. During drug development, investigation of hepatic OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 is recommended by international regulatory agencies. Most frequently, OATP‐drug interactions are investigated in an indirect assay, i.e., by examining uptake inhibition of a radioactive or fluorescent probe. However, indirect assays do not distinguish between transported substrates and non‐transported OATP inhibitors. To fill this hiatus, a novel assay, termed competitive counterflow (CCF) has been developed and has since been applied for several OATPs to differentiate between substrates and non‐transported inhibitors. However, previous OATP CCF assays, with the exception of that for OATP1B1, used radioactive probes. In the current study, we demonstrate that sulforhodamine 101 or pyranine can be used as fluorescent probes in a CCF assay to identify transported substrates of OATP1A2, or OATPs 1B1, 1B3 and 2B1, respectively. With the help of the newly developed fluorescence‐based CCF method, we identify the FDA‐approved anti‐protozoal drug, pentamidine as a unique substrate of OATP1A2. Furthermore, we confirm the selective, OATP1A2‐mediated uptake of pentamidine in a cytotoxicity assay. Based on our results, OATP1A2 may be an important determinant of pentamidine transport through the blood–brain barrier.
From Two Dimensions to Multidimensions: A Mechanistic Model to Support Deliberate CPD Development, Coordination, and Evaluation
Authors: Sachidanandan Grahanya , Sud Abhimanyu 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
The effectiveness of continuing professional development as an intervention to improve health professional behavior and patient health is variable and contentious. To clarify the causal relationships underlying program outcomes and facilitate a necessary shift from outcomes-only–based approaches to outcome-based and theory-based approaches in program development and evaluation, we developed a model of mechanisms mapped to relevant outcomes.

Methods:
Mechanisms identified in a prior realist synthesis of opioid agonist therapy continuing professional development programs were iteratively tested and refined using purposive and opportunistic sampling and realist approaches against two systematic reviews of programs in analgesic prescribing and palliative care. Further testing involved practical application within programs in sustainable health care and pain management.

Results:
Ninety reports on 75 programs and practical application to multiple additional programs informed the final model consisting of five distinct mechanisms: motivation transformation, expert influence, confidence development, self-efficacy facilitation, and community of practice expansion. The mechanisms and related analysis emphasize that continuing professional development is heterogeneous, complex, and context dependent.

Discussion:
Shifting toward outcome-based and theory-based approaches facilitates further conceptual shifts at intraprogram and interprogram and interintervention levels toward more deliberate program development and evaluation, increased program complementarity and subsequent collaboration. It clarifies opportunities for intercalation of continuing professional development with other intervention sciences. The model presents a resource for practitioners, researchers, and policymakers to advance continuing professional development planning, coordination, and evaluation.
The burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly growing in every region of the world from 1990 to 2019
Authors: Paik James M. , Henry Linda , Younossi Youssef , Ong Janus , Alqahtani Saleh , Younossi Zobair M. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The latest meta-analyses suggest NAFLD is increasing globally. Its limitations may preclude accurate estimates. We evaluated the global NAFLD burden and its’ trends in prevalence and NAFLD liver–related mortality (LRM) by sex, age, region, and country over the past 3 decades using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study.

Methods:
Crude and age-standardized NAFLD prevalence and NAFLD-LRM rates were obtained for all-age individuals with NAFLD from 204 countries/territories between 1990 and 2019. Joinpoint trend analysis assessed time trends. Weighted average of the annual percent change (APC) over the period 1990–2019 and 2010–2019 were reported.

Results:
All-age (children and adults) crude global NAFLD prevalence increased:10.5% (561 million)–16.0% (1,236 million); an APC increase: + 1.47% (95% CI, 1.44%, 1.50%). Among adults (+20 y), crude NAFLD prevalence increased (1990: 17.6%, 2019:23.4%; APC: + 1.00%, 95% CI: 0.97%, 1.02%). In all-age groups, the crude NAFLD-LRM rate (per 100,000) increased (1990: 1.75%, 2019: 2.18%; APC: + 0.77% (95% CI, 0.70%, 0.84%). By Joinpoint analysis, from 2010 to 2019, worsening all-age trends in NAFLD prevalence and LRM were observed among 202 and 167 countries, respectively. In 2019, there were 1.24 billion NAFLD prevalent cases and 168,969 associated deaths; Asia regions accounted for 57.2% of all-age prevalent cases and 46.2% of all-age NAFLD-LRM. The highest all-age crude NAFLD prevalence rate was the Middle East and North Africa (LRM 26.5%); the highest all-age crude NAFLD-LRM rate was Central Latin America (5.90 per 100,000).

Conclusions:
NAFLD is increasing globally in all-age groups—over 80% of countries experienced an increase in NAFLD and NAFLD-LRM. These data have important policy implications for affected countries and for global health.
Medicaid Expansions and Access to Substance Abuse Treatment Services Among Limited English Proficiency Populations
Authors: Lee Donghoon , Dugan Jerome A. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Although the myriad of provisions under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) have generally increased coverage and financial access to the health systems, language barriers represent a serious challenge to access to care among Limited English Proficiency (LEP) populations.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Medicaid expansions under the ACA on the availability of language services and Medicaid acceptance in substance abuse treatment (SAT) facilities.

Research Design:
A quasi-experimental difference-in-differences design with multiple time periods was used to compare changes in the availability of language services and Medicaid as a payment source between Medicaid expansion and nonexpansion states. Facility-level observational data in the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services 2010–2019 was included.

Measures:
Availability of LEP services and Medicaid acceptance in the SAT facilities.

Results:
The proportion of SAT facilities that provide LEP services increased from 40% in 2013 to 53% in 2019. The proportions by state are heterogeneous, ranging from approximately 20% to 70%. The ACA Medicaid expansions are not associated with changes in the availability of LEP services in the facilities. Moreover, Medicaid acceptance in the expansion states increased gradually following the expansion; however, the estimates are not statistically significant.

Conclusion:
The ACA Medicaid expansion had no impact on the availability of LEP services and the acceptance of Medicaid as a payment source in the SAT facilities.
Comparison of 18F-PSMA-1007 and 18F-Choline PET/CT in prostate cancer patients with biochemical recurrence: a phase 3, prospective, multicenter, randomized study
Authors: Panagiotidis Emmanouil , Fragkiadaki Vasiliki , Papathanasiou Nikolaos , Kypraios Charalampos , Liatsikos Evangelos , Klampatsas Athanasios , Paschali Anna , Exarhos Dimitrios , Zarokosta Foteini , Chatzipavlidou Vasiliki , Apostolopoulos Dimitrios , Datseris Ioannis 
Published: October 2023

Objectives
This prospective, multicenter, open-label, randomized, crossover trial study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of 18F-PSMA-1007 (PSMA) vs. 18F-Choline PET/CT (FCH) in prostate cancer (PCa) patients (pts) with biochemical recurrence (BCR).

Methods
One hundred eighty-six pts, who have undergone primary definitive treatment for PCa with BCR, were recruited to this prospective study. All pts underwent one PSMA and one FCH PET/CT examination in randomized order within a time frame of 8 days and were followed up for at least 6 months (182 ± 10 days).

Results
Recurrence of PCa was observed in 176 out of 186 pts. The overall correct detection rate (DR) was 84% (95% CI 0.7967–0.8830) for PSMA and 69% (95% CI 0.6191–0.7489) for FCH, yielding a difference in proportion of 16% (P < 0.0001). PSMA had a sensitivity of 0.8464 and FCH 0.6857 with an odds ratio of 2.5259 (P < 0.0001), with statistically significant greater sensitivity of PSMA (ORs, 2.7877 and 2.1283 respectively) (P < 0.0001). PET/CT imaging led to a more accurate diagnosis in 166 (89.2%) pts, of which PSMA had contributed more than FCH in 91 (54.8%) of them. The DR for cutoff point PSA ≤ 1 ng/ml was higher for PSMA compared to FCH (61.8% vs. 39.5%). DR value of 51.6% for PSMA reached at PSA ≤ 0.3 ng/ml, while FCH reached that DR value with PSA ≤ 2.2 ng/ml.

Conclusion
18F-PSMA-1007 is more efficacious than 18F-Choline for the identification metastatic lesions both in patient and in regional level analysis in PCa patients with BCR.
Potential role of pre-treatment bone marrow SUVmean to liver SUVmean ratio (BM/L) and comparison of primary tumour FDG uptake with brain FDG uptake in predicting survival in limited-stage lung cancers
Authors: Kavurgaci Suna , Özmen Özlem , Tatci Ebru , Söyler Yasemin , Cengiz Tuba İnal , Kabalak Pinar Akin , Kizilgöz Derya , Yilmaz Ülkü 
Published: October 2023

Introduction
The survival rates of patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer are low despite curative treatment. Accordingly, we investigated the disease prognosis by comparing the pre-treatment bone marrow mean standardised uptake values (SUVmean) / liver SUVmean ratio (BM/L) and primary tumour FDG uptake and brain FDG uptake to prognosis.

Materials and methods
This was an observational, retrospective, single-centre study of patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer. Maximum standardised uptake values before treatment SUVmax, mean SUV (SUVmean), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), liver (KC) SUVmean, bone marrow SUVmean, BM/L ratio (grouped as BM/L <1 and BM/L<1), FDG uptake level of the primary tumour are higher than brain FDG uptake. The association of low prevalence with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) was evaluated.

Discussion
A total of 125 patients were included in the study. The risk of death was found to be two times higher in patients with primary tumour FDG uptake higher than brain FDG uptake compared to those with less brain involvement. The risk of death in patients with BM/L>1 was found to be 1.6 times higher than in patients with BM/L<1.

Conclusion
Comparison of BM/L, FDG uptake of the primary tumour and brain FDG uptake as new prognostic parameters can be guiding in the classification of patients with LD-SCLC with a higher risk of death or progression and in planning new treatment strategies.
Quality Dashboards in Hospital Settings
Authors: Young Lisa , Vogelsmeier Amy 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Dashboards visually display quality and safety data to aid nurses in making informed decisions.

Purpose:
This systematic review evaluated quality improvement (QI) dashboard characteristics associated with interventions to improve patient outcomes and positive end-user evaluation.

Methods:
Literature was searched from 2012 to 2022 in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar.

Results:
Sixteen articles were included. Varied dashboard characteristics were noted, with mixed patient outcomes and end-user responses. Graphs and tabular presentations were associated with improved patient outcomes, whereas graphs were associated with end-user satisfaction. Benchmarks were noted with improved patient outcomes but not end-user satisfaction. Interactive dashboards were important for end users and improved patient outcomes.

Conclusion:
Nurses can find dashboards helpful in guiding QI projects. Dashboards may include graphs and/or tables, benchmarks, and interactivity but should be useful, usable, and aligned to unit needs. Future research should focus on the use of quality dashboards in nursing practice.
Remote Patient Monitoring Improves Patient Falls and Reduces Harm
Authors: Zimbro Kathie S. , Bridges Charlene , Bunn Sharon , Wilmoth Donna D. , Beck Mark , Smith Catherine V. , Marra Michael , Ver Schneider Patricia , Morgan Merri K. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Minimizing patient falls and fall-related injuries within organizational constraints is a high priority for nurse leaders. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services do not reimburse hospitals for fall-related expenditures. In-person sitters are used to prevent falls but are resource intensive and costly. Remote patient monitoring (RPM) may offer alternatives to in-person sitters to reduce fall-related harm.

Purpose:
The efficacy of RPM to reduce patient falls and fall-related injuries was explored.

Methods:
Electronic health record data were extracted from a 13-hospital integrated health care system. Incidence rate ratios were used to analyze the impact of RPM technology on falls and fall-related injuries.

Results:
When used in conjunction with standard fall precautions, RPM reduced falls 33.7% and fall-related injuries 47.4%. Fall-related expenditures decreased $304 400 with a combined estimated savings systemwide of $2 089 600 annually.

Conclusions:
RPM technology minimized falls and associated harm and improved patient safety, positively impacting hospital expenditures.