bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat Transfer Neural Analysis of Bingham-Papanastasiou Fluid in Lid-driven Rectangular Cavity with viscous dissipation
Authors: Tanveer Arooj , Ul-Haq Sami , Ashraf Muhammad Bilal 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The study of Bingham-Papanastasiou fluids is conducted in lid-driven cavity with consideration of viscous dissipation. The left wall of the cavity is adiabatic while other walls are insulated. Numerical simulations are conducted to study the isotherms, temperature profile and Nusselt number. An inventive artificial neural network (ANN) model for precise predictions is made using the simulation data. Both COMSOL and ANN are used to find the best values for each input parameter to maximize the output parameters. The effectiveness of these two approaches in obtaining the best results is then evaluated through a comparison study. Plotting isotherms for larger Bingham numbers shows that the temperature distribution toward the left wall is behaving more and more rapidly. The rate of heat transfer rises with increasing Re values, but it exhibits the opposite behavior when Bn values are high close to the left adiabatic wall. After 406 epochs, the training state plot demonstrated convergence and optimization progress with gradient = 0.018363 and Mu = 0.0001. The novelty of this work is that the integrated approach involving Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) described in this study allows the prediction of flow behaviors for various cases without additional real-time CFD simulations once sufficient information is gathered through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations for a few flow cases. In real-world flow control applications where real-time CFD simulations might not be possible, this method seems to be beneficial.
Experimental playback of urban noise does not affect cognitive performance in captive Australian magpies
Authors: Connelly Farley , Johnsson Robin D. , Mulder Raoul A. , Hall Michelle L. , Lesku John A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Exposure of wildlife to anthropogenic noise is associated with an array of disruptive effects. Research on this topic has focused on the behavioural and physiological responses of animals to noise, with little work investigating potential links to cognitive function. Neurological processes that maintain cognitive performance can be impacted by stress and sleep disturbances. While sleep loss impairs cognitive performance in Australian magpies, it is unclear whether urban noise, which disrupts sleep, can impact cognition as well. To fill this gap in our understanding, we explored how environmentally relevant urban noise affected the performance of wild-caught, city-living Australian magpies (Gymnorhina tibicen tyrannica) on a battery of cognitive tasks that included associative and reversal learning, inhibitory control, and spatial memory. Birds were housed and tested in a standardised laboratory environment; sample sizes varied across tasks (n = 7 – 9 birds). Tests were conducted over four weeks, during which all magpies were exposed to both an urban noise playback and a quiet control. Birds were presented with the entire test battery twice: following exposure to, and in the absence of, an anthropogenic noise playback; however, tests were always performed without noise (playback muted during testing). Magpies performed similarly in both treatments on all four tasks. We also found that prior experience with the associative learning task had a strong effect on performance, with birds performing better on their second round of trials. Similar to previous findings on Australian magpies tested on the same tasks in the wild under noisy conditions, we could not find any disruptive effects on cognitive performance in a controlled experimental laboratory setting.
Evaluation of osseointegration of plasma-treated polyaryletherketone maxillofacial implants
Authors: Maruf D S Abdullah Al , Ren Jiongyu , Cheng Kai , Xin Hai , Lewin Will , Pickering Edmund , Kruse Hedi Verena , Leinkram David , Parthasarathi Krishnan , Wise Innes , Filippi Benjamin , Beirne Stephen , Froggatt Cate , Wykes James , Howes Dale , Suchowerska Natalka , Woodruff Maria A , Crook Jeremy M , McKenzie David R , Clark Jonathan R 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Osseointegration is a crucial property of biomaterials used for bone defect repair. While titanium is the gold standard in craniofacial surgeries, various polymeric biomaterials are being explored as alternatives. However, polymeric materials can be bioinert, hindering integration with surrounding tissues. In this investigation, plasma ion immersion implantation (PIII)-treated polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and polyether ketone (PEK) implants were assessed in a sheep maxilla and mandible model. Defects were filled with PIII-treated PEEK and PEK implants, produced through fused filament fabrication (FFF) and selective laser sintering (SLS), respectively. Positive controls were grade 23 titanium implants via selective laser melting, while untreated PEEK implants served as negative controls. Surface analyses using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed favorable properties. Osseointegration was qualitatively and quantitatively assessed at 8-, 10-, and 12-weeks post-implantation, showing significantly improved outcomes for both PIII-treated PEEK and PEK implants compared to untreated controls. The study suggests PIII treatment enhances FFF-printed PEEK's osseointegration, and PIII-treated SLS-printed PEK achieves comparable osseointegration to 3D printed titanium. These findings underscore surface modification strategies' potential for polymeric biomaterials, offering insights into developing alternative implant materials for craniofacial surgeries, with enhanced biocompatibility and osseointegration capabilities for improved clinical outcomes.
Efficacy and safety of video double-lumen tube intubation in lateral position in patients undergoing thoracic surgery: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: RAO Qianqian , YU Hong , LI Ping , ZHANG Gongwei , ZENG Jun , PU Qiang , YU Hai 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Video double-lumen tube (VDLT) intubation in lateral position is a potential alternative to intubation in supine position in patients undergoing thoracic surgery. This non-inferiority trial assessed the efficacy and safety of VDLT intubation in lateral position.
Methodsː Patients (18-70 yr) undergoing right thoracoscopic lung surgery were randomized to either the left lateral position group (group L) or the supine position group (group S). The VDLT was placed under video larygoscopy. The primary endpoint was the intubation time. Secondary endpoints included VDLT displacement rate, intubation failure rate, the satisfaction of surgeon and nurse, and intubation-related adverse events.
Resultsː The analysis covered 80 patients. The total intubation time was 52.0 [20.4]s in group L and 34.3 [13.2]s in group S, with a mean difference of 17.6s [95% confidence interval (CI): 9.9s to 25.3s; P=0.050], failing to demonstrate non-inferiority with a non-inferiority margin of 10s. Group L, compared with group S, had significantly lower VDLT displacement rate (P=0.017) and higher nurse satisfaction (P=0.026). No intubation failure occurred in any group. Intubation complications (P=0.802) and surgeon satisfaction (P=0.415) were comparable between two groups.
Conclusionsː VDLT intubation in lateral position was inferior to supine position in terms of intubation time. Given that no patient in group L suffered from hypoxia or intubation failure during intubation and group L had a lower VDLT displacement rate, it is possible that patients with a body mass index of less than 30 kg/m2, no cardiorespiratory disease, and no difficult airway could be successfully intubated using VDLT in lateral position.
Trial registration number: ChiCTR2200064831; Registry URL: Chictr.org.cn; Registration Date: 19/10/2022
Accuracy of Abott Freestyle Libre versus Dexcom G6 in a patient with pre-diabetes: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Kutoh Eiji 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Abbott FreeStyle Libre and Dexcom G6 represent widely employed continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems globally. However, their precision remains unexplored concerning postprandial glucose levels in individuals with pre-diabetes following the consumption of diverse dietary regimens.
A 58-year-old Japanese man diagnosed with pre-diabetes (postprandial hyperglycemia) underwent simultaneous monitoring using Abbott FreeStyle Libre and Dexcom G6 following the consumption of diverse diets. In the pre-meal state, both systems exhibited comparable and reliable values (around 80-100 mg/dl). However, around 60 minutes following meals containing specific amounts of carbohydrates (approximately above 50 g), FreeStyle Libre demonstrated a more pronounced acceleration in the increase and peak glucose values compared to G6. These discrepancies were further validated through self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) measurements, confirming the less accurate performance of FreeStyle Libre under these conditions. To this end, it appears that fermented products (beans, yogurt, cheese) could suppress postprandial glucose spikes.
The study results suggest that, when compared to G6, FreeStyle Libre yielded elevated glucose values and exhibited reduced accuracy in measuring postprandial glucose levels following the ingestion of a specific amount of carbohydrates in a patient with pre-diabetes.
VSMC phenotype regression induced by hypoxia is the key to unlocking VSMC solid cell cord
Authors: Song Zhi-Peng , Chen Lin , Zhang Zhen-Shan , Xu Jia-Yao , Wang Qian-Wen , Wang Shuang-Xi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Coronary heart disease is the world's leading cause of death. Vasculogenesis, sprouting angiogenesis, intussusceptive angiogenesis, coalescent angiogenesis, vessel co-option, vasculogenic mimicry and arteriogenesis are the seven main ways of collateral vessel development. However, none of the seven methods of collateral vessel development is sufficient to timely rescue a large number of dying myocardial cells in the myocardial infarction area. In this study, we first proposed the hypothesis that vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) solid cell cords are precursors of collateral vessels and confirmed the existence of VSMC solid cell cords in the heart. In addition, we further confirmed that intracellular acidification induced by hypoxia can promote VSMC phenotype regression (transformation from synthetic phenotype to contractile phenotype) by downregulating AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation level, which prepares for the rapid opening of VSMC solid cell cords to timely rescue dying myocardial cells. We hope that this innovative and challenging hypothesis can provide some inspiration to cardiovascular researchers and contribute to the cause of human health.
Cerebral Air Embolism: Neurologic Manifestations, Prognosis and Outcome
Authors: Červeňák Vladimír , Všianský Vít , Cviková Martina , Brichta Jaroslav , Vinklárek Jan , Štefela Jakub , Hájek Michal , Herzig Roman , Kouřil Dávid , Bárková Veronika , Filip Pavel , Aulický Petr , Weiss Viktor 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Cerebral air embolism (CAE) is an uncommon medical emergency with a potentially fatal course. We have retrospectively analyzed a set of patients treated with CAE at our comprehensive stroke center and a hyperbaric medicine center. An overview of the pathophysiology, causes, diagnosis, and treatment of CAE is provided.
Methods
We retrospectively identified 11 patients with cerebral venous and arterial air emboli that highlight the diversity in etiologies, manifestations, and disease courses encountered clinically.
Results
Acute-onset stroke syndrome and a progressive impairment of consciousness were the two most common presentations in 4 patients each (36%). Two patients (18%) suffered from an acute-onset coma, and one (9%) was asymptomatic. Four patients (36%) were treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBTO), high-flow oxygen therapy without HBOT was started in two patients (18%), two patients (18%) were in critical care at the time of diagnosis and three (27%) received no additional treatment. CAE was fatal in five cases (46%), caused severe disability in two (18%), mild disability in three (27%), and a single patient had no lasting deficit (9%).
Conclusions
CAE is a dangerous condition that necessitates high clinical vigilance. Due to its diverse presentation, the diagnosis can be missed or delayed in critically ill patients and result in long-lasting or fatal neurological complications. Preventative measures and a proper diagnostic and treatment approach reduce CAE’s incidence and impact.
Engineering self-cleavage fusion system for the Production of Chimera Spider Silk Proteins
Authors: zhou bixia , Huang Yufan , Su Yongqin , An Bingrui , Shen Mi , Zheng Ke , Cheng Cheng , He Bingfang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The spider silk protein (spidroin), which has powerful mechanical properties, has been extensively studied and shown potential application in various fields. The predatory nature of spiders makes native spidroin challenging to obtain, while heterologous expression of spidroin was hindered by the gene sequence features such as highly repetitive regions and high GC content. The low yield of spidroin subsequently affects its further application. In this study, we constructed a convenient expression system by employing a fusion tag in combination with a self-cleavage intronic peptide (intein) for three kinds of chimeric spidroins with different numbers of repetitive units, and soluble expression of the three kinds of spidroins after optimizing expression conditions was achieved with yields of 266 mg/L (NT2RepCT), 135 mg/L (NT4RepCT), and 125 mg/L (NT6RepCT), respectively. Three kinds of chimeric spidroins displayed increased β-sheet content with increased repetitive units during the transition from the solution to the dry state. Their capacity to form filamentous fibrils increased with the number of repetitive numbers. This study provides a solution for spidroin soluble expression and lays a foundation for its future application.
Skeletal abnormalities caused by a Connexin43R239Q mutation in a mouse model for autosomal recessive craniometaphyseal dysplasia
Authors: Chen I-Ping , Fujii Yasuyuki , Okabe Iichiro , Hatori Ayano , Sah Shyam , Kanaujiya Jitendra , Fisher Melanie , Norris Rachael , Terasaki Mark , Reichenberger Ernst 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Craniometaphyseal dysplasia (CMD), a rare craniotubular disorder, occurs in an autosomal dominant (AD) or autosomal recessive (AR) form. CMD is characterized by hyperostosis of craniofacial bones and flaring metaphyses of long bones. Many patients with CMD suffer from neurological symptoms. To date, the pathogenesis of CMD is not fully understood. Treatment is limited to decompression surgery. Here, we report a knock in (KI) mouse model for AR CMD carrying a R239Q mutation in CX43. Cx43KI/KI mice replicate many features of AR CMD in craniofacial and long bones. In contrast to Cx43+/+ littermates, Cx43KI/KI mice exhibit periosteal bone deposition and increased osteoclast (OC) numbers in the endosteum of long bones, leading to an expanded bone marrow cavity and increased cortical bone thickness. Although formation of Cx43+/+ and Cx43KI/KI resting OCs are comparable, on bone chips the actively resorbing Cx43KI/KI OCs resorb less bone. Cortical bones of Cx43KI/KI mice have an increase in degenerating osteocytes and empty lacunae. Osteocyte dendrite formation is decreased with reduced expression levels of Fgf23, Sost, Tnf-α, IL-1β, Esr1, Esr2, and a lower Rankl/Opg ratio. Female Cx43KI/KI mice display a more severe phenotype. Sexual dimorphism in bone becomes more evident as mice age. Our data show that the CX43R239Q mutation results in mislocalization of CX43 protein and impairment of gap junction and hemichannel activity. Different from CX43 ablation mouse models, the CX43R239Q mutation leads to the AR CMD-like phenotype in Cx43KI/KI mice not only by loss-of-function but also via a not yet revealed dominant function.
A composite index based screening and ranking of adsorbents for the removal of aqueous contaminants: An illustrative example with Diclofenac
Authors: Mishra Swati , Tiwari Manoj Kumar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

A diverse range of adsorbent materials have been investigated for the removal of different pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) from the aqueous media. The performance of a specific adsorbent-contaminant system is dependent on several influencing factors, which makes the systematic comparison of adsorbents a rather challenging task. To overcome these limitations, an innovative index-based ranking approach for selecting the most suitable adsorbent for a particular contaminant is proposed in this study. The adsorbent materials investigated for the adsorptive removal of diclofenac are collected through and extensive literature survey and used as case study. Adsorption Capacity, pH, equilibrium time, material cost, pHzpc, and surface area have been chosen based on relevance in the removal mechanism and the corresponding data availability as the variables for the analysis. The variables are scaled w.r.t. a standard adsorbent (Granular Activated Carbon, GAC). Weights are calculated using equal weights (used as a control), objective (Entropy) and subjective (AHP) weighting methods following a simple multiplicative addition and subsequently ranks have been assigned. It was found that activated carbon from biomass (modified with iron), and MgAl layered double hydroxide have performed well in all the weighting methods. Carbon nanotubes, Activated carbon fiber, mercapto-silicate composites, magnetic COFs, polypyrrole doped nanocomposites and nanoporous PMF particles have consistently been ranked among the least in all the methods.
Single Ru site dispersed Cu nanocluster dual sites enables outstanding photocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Xu Rong , Liu Lizhen , Hu Jingcong , Yuan Sheng , akhoundzadeh hossein , Tu Wenguang , Siow Wei Jian Samuel , Huang Hongwei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Cu-based catalysts are promising candidates for CO2 reduction owing to favorable energetics of Cu sites for CO2 adsorption and transformation. However, CO2 reduction involving insurmountable activation barriers and various by-products remains a significant challenge to achieve high activity and selectivity. Herein, a photocatalyst constructed with single-Ru-site-on-Cu-nanocluster on Bi4Ti3O12 exhibits exceptional activity and selectivity for CO2 conversion to CO. The Experimental and theoretical results consistently reveal that this unique atomic-level hierarchy allows the cascading transfer of photo-generated carriers to the surface Ru-Cu dual catalytic sites for closely interacting with CO2 molecules. Importantly, the d-band center of Cu undergoes a remarkable downshift after formation of Ru-Cu dual sites, while that of Ru is much more positive, thus collectively facilitating the adsorption of CO2, formation of crucial intermediate *COOH and desorption of CO to synergistically enhance the entire CO2 conversion process. The optimal BTOCu2Ru0.5 photocatalyst manifests a remarkable activity for selective reduction of CO2 to CO, yielding 10.84 µmol of CO with 15 mgcat after 4 h without any photosensitizer and sacrificial reagent, outperforming all bismuth-based materials and being one of the best photocatalysts ever reported. This work presents a strategy for rational design of multiple metal sites towards efficient photocatalytic reduction of CO2.
WITHDRAWN: Experimental Observation of Power Quality Problems in Grid-Tie SPV Systems
Authors: Mangalapuri Sravani , Sobhan Polamraju. V.S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The dynamic production of a grid tie Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) of a distribution network is analyzed and hardware results are furnish in this paper. In order to fluctuation environment of the SPV power plant, the grid integration requires stable and steady power injection with good Quality of Power. Hence, the Power Quality (PQ) analysis has been carried out under different climate conditions of a 10 kW Solar Power Plant (SPP). This SPP can function in grid tie or in isolated mode. The proposed SPV power plant system is modelled and its performance is studied. This integrating model is composed of a boost converter, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control, inverter and filter. It also explains the behavior of system response whether it is stable and unstable condition. It is analyzed that the existence of a high pierce grid connected SPV system will exhibit low PQ issues like voltage variations and harmonics. To study this effect a 10 kW SPP is developed for verifying the performance of the system.
Global Expansion of Tropical Cyclone Precipitation Footprint
Authors: Zhu Laiyin , Qin Lianjie , Liu Baoyin , Li Zixuan , Tian Yugang , Shen Shifei , Xu Wei , Chen Jianguo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Precipitation from tropical cyclones (TCs) can cause massive damage from inland floods and will become more intense under warming climate. Knowledge gaps still exist in how the impact area and spatial pattern of heavy precipitation change with climate and environment. Here we defined a novel metric (DIST30) that represents the footprint of heavy TC precipitation based a high-resolution satellite precipitation product and global TC record over the past 41 years. We show that the DIST30 has increased significantly globally at a rate of 0.34 km per year. Spatially, DIST30 increases by 59.87% of the total TC impact area (8.79×107 km2), especially in the Western North Pacific, Northern Atlantic, and Southern Pacific. Machine learning model (XGBoost) demonstrated strong ability in both prediction performance and interpretation of the DIST30. We found that the monthly DIST30 variabilities are majorly controlled by the variations of TC maximum wind speed, TC location, sea surface temperature, vertical wind shear, and total water column. In particular, the DIST30 shows a very strong positive relationship with vertical wind shear. And more frequent TCs migrating to higher latitudes in North Hemisphere is the major contributor to the recent global upward trend in the DIST30.
Sex-stratified multimorbidity trajectories in UK Biobank cohort identify triage rules for the risk of mortality and hospitalisation in secondary care
Authors: Ennis Matthew , McClean Paula , Shukla Priyank , Sharman Joanna , Gupta Ramneek , Watterson Steven 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Clinical presentation of diseases is complicated by multimorbidity. There is a pressing need to understand the effects of multimorbidity and where interventions should be targeted. We performed a data-driven analysis of whole-cohort UK Biobank hospital inpatient data in women and men and assembled ICD10 disease sequence trajectories. Age-relative 1-year mortality and hospitalisation rates were calculated post-trajectory using Accelerated Failure Time models with a 1:3 case-control ratio. We show that prior disease trajectories can stratify 1-year post-diagnosis mortality and hospitalisation outcomes for 63 common diseases in secondary care and highlight the impact of prior disease trajectories on mortality outcomes for respiratory failure, renal failure, nerve disorders, hypotension, influenza/pneumonia, and sepsis. Mortality and hospitalisation rates varied from 1.05 to 17594.44 and 2.85 to 582.99 times faster than age-matched controls, respectively. From this, we create triage rules that identify the highest risk multimorbid patients and highlight where intervention can have the greatest impact.