bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation and microvascular decompression for treating glossopharyngeal neuralgia: a retrospective clinical study
Authors: Wu Zeyu , Zhao Yongming , Wu Fan , Fan Yiyue , Yang Ying 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the differences in the effectiveness of percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation (PRT) and microvascular decompression (MVD) in treating glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN).

Methods
Medical records of patients were reviewed to investigate their baseline characteristics and immediate postoperative prognosis. Long-term outcomes of these patients were obtained through telephone interviews. Visual analog scale (VAS) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scores at 1 day and 1, 4, 12, 24, and 48 weeks after surgery were compared between the MVD and PRT groups, in addition to complete pain relief rate, effective rate, adverse reactions, length of hospital stay, and economic indicators.

Results
The VAS and PSQI scores of the two groups at 1 day and 1, 4, 12, 24, and 48 weeks after surgery were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those before surgery. At 48 weeks, the complete remission rate was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the MVD group than in PRT group. No significant difference in adverse reactions was observed between the two groups. The length of hospital stay, operative time, and cost were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the MVD group than in the PRT group.

Conclusions
Both PRT and MVD can significantly reduce patients’ degree of pain and improve their sleep quality. In the medium term, MVD is better than PRT in terms of the complete curative effect. In young patients with GPN, MVD is more often recommended than PRT; however, MVD is costlier than PRT.
Identification of a basement membrane-related genes signature with immune correlation in bladder urothelial carcinoma and verification in vitro
Authors: Li Yanze , Xu Kai , Zhang Ye , Mao Hu , Qiu Qiangmin , Yan Zhiwei , Liu Xiuheng , Du Yang , Chen Zhiyuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) is the most common genitourinary cancer and the prognosis of patients is often poor. However, studies of basement membrane-related genes (BM-related genes) in BLCA are less reported. Therefore, we established a BM-related genes signature to explore their functional and prognostic value in BLCA.

Methods
In this study, a BM-related genes signature was constructed by LASSO-Cox regression analysis, and then a series of bioinformatics methods was used to assess the accuracy and validity of the signature. We constructed a nomogram for clinical application and also screened for possible therapeutic drugs. To investigate the functions and pathways affected by BM-related genes in BLCA, we performed functional enrichment analyses. In addition, we analyzed the immune cell infiltration landscape and immune checkpoint-related genes in the high and low-risk groups. Finally, we confirmed the prognostic value of BM-related genes in BLCA in vitro.

Results
Combining multiple bioinformatics approaches, we identified a seven-gene signature. The accuracy and validity of this signature in predicting BLCA patients were confirmed by the test cohort. In addition, the risk score was strongly correlated with prognosis, immune checkpoint genes, drug sensitivity, and immune cell infiltration landscape. The risk score is an independent prognostic factor for BLCA patients. Further experiments revealed that all seven signature genes were differentially expressed between BLCA cell lines and normal bladder cells. Finally, overexpression of LAMA2 inhibited the migration and invasion ability of BLCA cell lines.

Conclusions
In summary, the BM-related genes signature was able to predict the prognosis of BLCA patients accurately, indicating that the BM-related genes possess great clinical value in the diagnosis and treatment of BLCA. Moreover, LAMA2 could be a potential therapeutic target, which provides new insights into the application of the BM-related genes in BLCA patients.
Ray of dawn: Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy enhances the chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in Lymphoma patients
Authors: Zhou Yuxin , Mu Wenjing , Wang Chen , Zhuo Zipeng , Xin Yu , Li Hongxu , Wang Changsong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy, a new adoptive cell therapy, has been widely used to treat lymphoma patients. Immune checkpoint blockade may improve the cytotoxicity of CAR-T cells by reducing the failure of CAR-T cells and improving antitumor activity. It has shown promising efficacy.

Method
We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science from January 2012 to August 2022 to find data reporting the results of CAR-T cells therapy combined with PD-1 in tumor patients. An updated search was conducted in October 2023. The partial response rate (PR), complete response rate (CR), objective response rate (ORR), mortality rate, and incidence of adverse reactions were calculated.

Results
We analyzed 57 lymphoma patients from 5 clinical trials. The pooled partial, complete and overall response rates were 21% (95% CI 0.06–0.39, I2 = 0.37%), 27% (95% CI 0.03–0.60, I2 = 60.43%) and 65% (95% CI 0.23–0.98, I2 = 76.31%), respectively. The pooled incidence of cytokine release syndrome, neutropenia, fever, and fatigue was estimated to be 57% (95% CI 0.08–0.99, I2 = 85.20%), 47% (95% CI 0.14–0.81, I2 = 74.17%), 59% (95% CI 0.27–0.89, I2 = 60.23%), and 50% (95% CI 0.13–0.87, I2 = 73.89%), respectively.

Conclusion
CAR-T-cell therapy combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in the treatment of lymphoma patients has efficacy, and the most common adverse effect is fever.

Registration
The protocol was registered in prospero, with the registration number CRD42022342647.
Analysis of hindering and facilitating factors of help-seeking behavior in schizophrenia based on COM-B model: a descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Ma Rui , Wang Yu , Wang Xiao-qing , Yu Kai , Zhang Chen-chen , Zhou Yu-qiu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Timely and systematic professional treatment is crucial in schizophrenia prognosis, but the global rate of mental health service, now, use or help-seeking behavior is low.

Methods
In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 participants with the diagnosis of schizophrenia between October to December 2021. The participants were purposively sampled from a psychiatric hospital’s. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim into NVivo 12.0.

Results
The findings were summarized under 3 themes and 12 subthemes: (1) capability (lack of knowledge due to insufficient mental health literacy or lack of insight, inability to access disease information due to a lack of mental health literacy, and symptoms-related barriers); (2) opportunity (lack of disease information sources, inability to balance work and study during prolonged hospitalization, accessibility and convenience of medical resources, and the acquisition and utilization of social support); and (3) motivation (awareness of the disease and professional treatment, negative experiences of disease episodes, past medical experience, confidence in tcuring the disease, and the fulfillment of daily life and self-worth).

Conclusion
The medical help-seeking behavior of people with the diagnosis of schizophrenia is the result of the interaction of many barriers and facilitators, and challenges persist today. Interventions can be implemented with the BCW framework and our results to precisely eliminate delays in the diagnosis and treatment of mental problems.
Youth experiences with and perspectives on long covid
Authors: Irani Sarosh , Chang Claire , Morrison Leigh , Waselewski Marika , Chang Tammy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Research on the long-term effects of COVID-19 infection is ongoing, and the psychological and physical impacts of Long Covid on youth is poorly understood. To assess these impacts, we surveyed youth regarding their experiences with, and perspectives on, the long-term effects of COVID-19.

Methods
We conducted a nationwide text message survey of youth ages 14–24 years in the United States. The survey asked four open ended questions regarding their experiences and perceptions regarding the long-term effects of COVID-19. Qualitative data was analyzed independently by three investigators using thematic analysis. Prevalence of codes were summarized using descriptive statistics.

Results
Among 1150 participants, 991 responded to at least one survey question (response rate 86.1%). The vast majority of our sample had COVID-19 or knew someone who did (75%), and approximately one third (32%) of youth indicated that they knew someone who had experienced symptoms consistent with Long Covid. Many youth (50%) reported worry and concern about Long Covid even if they, or someone they knew, did not have Long Covid. Among youth who were not concerned about Long Covid, the most commonly reported reasons were having received the vaccine (29%) and not having a prior COVID-19 infection (24%).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that among younger populations, there is significant concern regarding the long-term effects of COVID-19. Vaccination campaigns and youth-centered public health communication about Long Covid may not only reduce COVID-19 transmission, but also alleviate worries and concerns about Long Covid among youth.
The association of the quality of life with Afghan households’ food insecurity before and after the recent political change in Afghanistan: a comparative analysis
Authors: Saif-Nijat Jumakhan , Pakravan-Charvadeh Mohammad Reza , Gholamrezai Saeed , Rahimian Mehdi , Lane Ginny , Béland Daniel , Koc Mustafa , Clark Nancy , Omidvar Nasrin , Sadeghi Rasoul , Vatanparast Hassan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe overreaching objective of the current study is to investigate the association of quality of life with Afghan households’ food insecurity. The data was collected immediately after the Taliban took control of a large part of Afghanistan. About a total of 555 households’ heads participated in a face-to-face interview, using the HFIAS and WHOQOL-100 questionnaires along with some questions related to their socioeconomic characteristics at two different times, before and after the Taliban’s takeover. The comparative analysis showed that 98% of Afghan households were food insecure after the Taliban takeover, while 70% of them faced food insecurity before the Taliban’s takeover. The quality of life in the Taliban era is worse than before the Taliban. All dimensions of quality of life have decreased, and this decrease was more pronounced for the psychological, environmental, and physical domains. It is recommended that international organizations, NGOs, and local agents focus on these dimensions of the quality of life to improve food security.
Knowledge, safety, and impact of alcohol consumption in young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a qualitative study
Authors: Sergel-Stringer Oscar T , Al-Sallami Hesham S , Styles Sara E , Boucsein Alisa , de Bock Martin I , Wheeler Benjamin J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To explore the lived experiences of alcohol consumption among young adults with type 1 diabetes.

Methods
Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted amongst young adults aged between 18 and 25 years, inclusive, with type 1 diabetes and experience consuming alcohol. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed to identify common themes regarding their experiences.

Results
The interviews confirmed that young adults with type 1 diabetes engage in social, and occasionally excessive, drinking behaviour. Furthermore, the interviews revealed four key themes: (i) Several sources contribute to a widely inconsistent understanding of the impact and management of alcohol consumption; (ii) Perceived inconvenience of maintaining healthy glycaemic control whilst drinking socially; (iii) Engagement in proactive strategies for harm reduction occurred when convenient; and (iv) Impact of modern diabetes technology in overcoming previous burdens and promoting glycaemic safety.

Conclusion
Young adults with type 1 diabetes continue to need anticipatory education surrounding safe alcohol consumption and behaviours, as well as ongoing support and encouragement to ensure engagement with traditional self-management tasks. Significant alcohol-diabetes related safety issues, particularly hypoglycaemia do occur, and were captured within this small sample and study. Diabetes technology has an important complementary role along with education and tailored support strategies to support health and safe glucose control during alcohol consumption.
Tomo-seq identifies NINJ1 as a potential target for anti-inflammatory strategy in thoracic aortic dissection
Authors: Sheng Yixuan , Wu Liying , Chang Yuan , Liu Wendao , Tao Menghao , Chen Xiao , Zhang Xiong , Li Bin , Zhang Ningning , Ye Dongting , Zhang Chunxi , Zhu Daliang , Zhao Haisen , Chen Aijun , Chen Haisheng , Song Jiangping 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a life-threatening disease caused by an intimal tear in the aorta. The histological characteristics differ significantly between the tear area (TA) and the distant area. Previous studies have emphasized that certain specific genes tend to cluster at the TA. Obtaining a thorough understanding of the precise molecular signatures near the TA will assist in discovering therapeutic strategies for TAD.

Methods
We performed a paired comparison of the pathological patterns in the TA with that in the remote area (RA). We used Tomo-seq, genome-wide transcriptional profiling with spatial resolution, to obtain gene expression signatures spanning from the TA to the RA. Samples from multiple sporadic TAD patients and animal models were used to validate our findings.

Results
Pathological examination revealed that the TA of TAD exhibited more pronounced intimal hyperplasia, media degeneration, and inflammatory infiltration compared to the RA. The TA also had more apoptotic cells and CD31+α-SMA+ cells. Tomo-seq revealed four distinct gene expression patterns from the TA to the RA, which were inflammation, collagen catabolism, extracellular matrix remodeling, and cell stress, respectively. The spatial distribution of genes allowed us to identify genes that were potentially relevant with TAD. NINJ1 encoded the protein-mediated cytoplasmic membrane rupture, regulated tissue remodeling, showed high expression levels in the tear area, and co-expressed within the inflammatory pattern. The use of short hairpin RNA to reduce NINJ1 expression in the beta-aminopropionitrile-induced TAD model led to a significant decrease in TAD formation. Additionally, it resulted in reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells and a decrease in the number of CD31+α-SMA+ cells. The NINJ1-neutralizing antibody also demonstrated comparable therapeutic effects and can effectively impede the formation of TAD.

Conclusions
Our study showed that Tomo-seq had the advantage of obtaining spatial expression information of TAD across the TA and the RA. We pointed out that NINJ1 may be involved in inflammation and tissue remodeling, which played an important role in the formation of TAD. NINJ1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for TAD.
Gametocyte prevalence and risk factors of P. falciparum malaria patients admitted at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Thailand: a 20-year retrospective study
Authors: Looareesuwan Panita , Krudsood Srivicha , Lawpoolsri Saranath , Tangpukdee Noppadon , Matsee Wasin , Nguitragool Wang , Wilairatana Polrat 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The incidence of malaria in Thailand has dramatically declined over the past two decades, and the goal is to eliminate malaria by 2025. Despite significant progress, one of the key challenges to malaria elimination are undetected gametocyte carriers. Human migration adds complexity to the malaria situation, as it not only sustains local transmission but also poses the risk of spreading drug-resistant parasites. Currently, no study has assessed the prevalence of gametocytes across multiple years in Plasmodium falciparum malaria patients in Thailand, and the risk factors for gametocyte carriage have not been fully explored.

Methods
Medical records of all P. falciparum malaria patients admitted from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2020 at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Thailand, were retrospectively examined and a total of 1962 records were included for analysis. Both P. falciparum parasites and gametocytes were diagnosed by microscopy. A regression model was used to evaluate predictors of gametocyte carriage.

Results
The study demonstrated gametocyte prevalence in low malaria transmission areas. Nine risk factors for gametocyte carriage were identified: age between 15 and 24 years [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18−3.26], Karen ethnicity (aOR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.56−4.29), preadmission duration of fever > 7 days (aOR = 5.40, 95% CI 3.92−7.41), fever on admission (> 37.5 °C) (aOR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.48−0.77), haemoglobin ≤ 8 g/dL (aOR = 3.32, 95% CI 2.06−5.33), asexual parasite density > 5000−25,000/µL (aOR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.52−0.98), asexual parasite density > 25,000−100,000/µL (aOR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.53−1.03), asexual parasite density > 100,000/µL (aOR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.36−0.72), platelet count ≤ 100,000/µL (aOR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.50−0.85, clinical features of severe malaria (aOR = 2.33, 95% CI 1.76−3.10) and dry season (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.10−1.80). An increasing incidence of imported transnational malaria cases was observed over the past two decades.

Conclusions
This is the first study to determine the prevalence of gametocytes among patients with symptomatic P. falciparum malaria, identify the risk factors for gametocyte carriage, and potential gametocyte carriers in Thailand. Blocking transmission is one of the key strategies for eliminating malaria in these areas. The results might provide important information for targeting gametocyte carriers and improving the allocation of resources for malaria control in Thailand. This study supports the already nationally recommended use of a single dose of primaquine in symptomatic P. falciparum malaria patients to clear gametocytes.

Graphical Abstract
Benefits and side effects of protein supplementation and exercise in sarcopenic obesity: A scoping review
Authors: Cheah Khang Jin , Cheah Lin Jia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Protein supplements have been widely used among those who are struggling with sarcopenic obesity among older adults. However, despite their popularity, there is still a lack of concrete evidence on both the potential benefits and side effects of protein supplementation and exercise on sarcopenic obesity (SO).

Objective
Thus, we aimed to determine the impacts of protein supplementation and exercise in older adults with sarcopenic obesity.

Method
A systematic database search was conducted for randomised controlled trials, quasi experimental study and pre-post study design addressing the effects of protein supplementation in improving sarcopenic obesity among older adults. This scoping review was conducted based on PRISMA-Scr guidelines across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases. To assess record eligibility, two independent reviewers performed a rigorous systematic screening process.

Results
Of the 1,811 citations identified, 7 papers met the inclusion criteria. Six studies were randomised controlled trials and one study was a pre-post test study design. The majority of studies discussed the use of both protein supplements and exercise training. The included studies prescribed protein intake ranging from 1.0 to 1.8 g/kg/BW/day for the intervention group, while the duration of exercise performed ranged from 2 to 3 times per week, with each session lasting for 1 hour. Whey protein supplementation has been shown to be effective in improving sarcopenic conditions and weight status in SO individuals. The combination of exercise training especially resistance training and the used of protein supplement provided additional benefits in terms of lean muscle mass as well as biomarkers. The study also revealed a lack of consistency in exercise design among interventions for sarcopenic obesity.

Conclusion
Overall, it appears to be a promising option for SO individuals to improve their sarcopenic condition and weight status through the combination of resistance exercise and whey protein supplementation. However, it also highlights the need for caution when it comes to high amounts of protein intake prescription. Future research is warranted to investigate the optimal exercise design for this population, given the limited research conducted in this specific area.
Association between light rare earth elements in maternal plasma and the risk of spontaneous preterm birth: a nested case-control study from the Beijing birth cohort study
Authors: Chen Junxi , Wang Aili , An Hang , Han Weiling , Huang Junhua , Zheng Wei , Yan Lailai , Li Zhiwen , Li Guanghui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Parental exposure to rare earth elements (REEs) could increase the risk of premature rupture of membranes, a major cause of spontaneous preterm birth (SPB). In addition, different subtypes of SPB, such as spontaneous preterm labor (SPL) and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), may have different susceptibility to environmental exposure. Therefore, we investigated the potential associations between REE exposure in different trimesters and SPB and its subtypes.

Methods
A nested case-control study was performed. We included 244 women with SPB as cases and 244 women with full-term delivery as controls. The plasma concentrations of light REEs were measured in the first and third trimesters. Logistic regression was used to analyze the associations between single REE levels and SPB, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used to analyze the mixed-exposure effect.

Results
Exposure to light REEs was associated with SPB and its subtypes only in the third trimester. Specifically, the intermediate- and highest-tertile concentration groups of La and the highest-tertile concentration group of Sm were associated with an increased risk of SPL, with adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of 2.00 (95% CIs: 1.07–3.75), 1.87 (95% CIs: 1.01–3.44), and 1.82 (95% CIs: 1.00–3.30), respectively. The highest-tertile concentration group of Pr was associated with an increased risk of PPROM, with an AOR of 1.69 (95% CIs: 1.00–2.85). Similar results were also found in BKMR models.

Conclusions
La and Sm levels in plasma may be associated with the risk of SPL, and Pr levels in plasma may be associated with the risk of PPROM.