bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HEALTH COUNSELING ABOUT PREVENTION OF OSTEOPOROSIS IN THE ELDERLY
Authors: Sirait Reni Aprinawaty , Hulu Victor Trisman Jaya 
Published: November 2023

Osteoporosis merupakan kondisi dimana kepadatan tulang telah mencapai titik yang mengkhawatirkan, menyebabkan tulang kehilangan kekuatan dan kelenturannya. Data yang diperoleh dari Kelurahan Petapahan pada bulan oktober 2022 telah ditemukan 86 kasus osteoporosis yang terjadi pada usia lansia. Survei pendahuluan dilakukan di kelurahan petapahan pada bulan oktober ditemukan 36 orang menderita osteoporosis, diantaranya 30 orang perempuan dan 6 orang laki-laki, yang semuanya berusia diatas 50 tahun. Keluarga mengatakan selama keluarga jarang mengkonsumsi makanan yang mengandung kalsium, vitamin D, tinggi protein, rendah lemak, serta minum susu dengan kadar kalsium tinggi, dan tidak pernah mendapatkan penyuluhan kesehatan tentang penyakit osteoporosis di wilayah mereka. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk menambah pengetahuan lansia secara umumnya tentang pencegahan osteoporosis. Metode kegiatan ini diawali dengan penyuluhan berupa pemutaran video terkait dan leaflet. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan responden sangat antusias untuk mengetahui lebih mendalam pencegahan osteoporosis hal ini dibuktikan dengan semangat lansia untuk mengikuti kegiatan dan mengetahui kondisi kesehatan tulang mereka pada saat ini. Melalui kegiatan ini diharapkan adanya informasi masyaraka dapat bertambah dan merubah prilaku untuk sehat sehingga dapat memperpanjang usia harapan hidup. Melalui kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan bagi keluarga dan masyarakat serta menambah informasi dan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pencegahan penyakit osteoporosis.
ﺍﻟﺗﺫﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺟﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻭﺣﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻡ
Authors: أ.م.د.ﻫﺎﻨﻲ اﻟﺤﺴﻨﻲ  
Published: November 2023

ﺘﻌد ﻋﻤﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﺘذوق أﻤ ار ﻤﻼزﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻝ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ٬ وﻋﻨد اﻟﻘﻴـﺎس واﻟﺤﻛـم ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ٬ ﻓﺄﻨﻨـﺎ ﻨرﺠـﻊ إﻟـﻰ ﻤﺴـﺘوى

اﻟﺠﻤـﺎﻝ واﻟـرؤى واﻷﻓﻛـﺎر اﻟﺘـﻲ ﻴﺤﻤﻠﻬـﺎ .وأن اﻟﺘﺤـدث ﻋـن ﻋﻤﻠﻴـﺔ اﻟﺘـذوق اﻟﻔﻨـﻲ واﻟﺠﻤـﺎﻟﻲ وﻤﺤﺎوﻟـﺔ

ﻓﻠﺴـﻔﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﻟـﻴس ﺒـﺎﻷﻤر اﻟﺠدﻴـد ﻓـﻲ ﺘـﺄرﻴﺦ اﻟﻔﻛـر اﻹﻨﺴـﺎﻨﻲ ٬ ﺒـﻝ اﻨـﻪ ﻗـد ﻋـوﻟﺞ ﻫـذﻴن اﻷﻤـرﻴن وﻓﻘـﺎ

ﻻرﺘﺒﺎطﻬﻤـﺎ ﺒﺎﻟطﺒﻴﻌـﺔ اﻟﻔﻛرﻴـﺔ واﻟروﺤﻴـﺔ ﻟﻺﻨﺴـﺎن وﺒﺎﻟﺒﻴﺌـﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻴطـﺔ ﺒـﻪ . وﻫﻛـذا ﻛـﺎن ﻨـزوﻝ اﻟـوﺤﻲ

ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻨﺒــﻲ اﻟﻌرﺒــﻲ اﻟﻛــرﻴم ٬ اﻟﻤﺘﻤﺜــﻝ ﺒــﺎﻟﻘ ارن اﻟﻛــرﻴم ٬ وﺒﺎﻟرﺴــﺎﻟﺔ اﻻﻟﻬﻴــﻪ واﻟﺸــرﻴﻌﺔ اﻹﺴــﻼﻤﻴﺔ

اﻟواﻀﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﺼوص اﻟﻘ ارﻨﻴﺔ ٬ ﻴﺤﺘﺎج إﻟﻰ وﻗﻔﺔ ﺘﺄﻤﻝ ﺤﻀـﺎرﻴﺔ ﻛﺒﻴـرة ﻋﺒـر رؤﻴـﺔ ﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴـﺔ وﺘـذوق

ﻓﻨــﻲ ﻤﻌﺎﺼــر ٬ ﻟﻤــﺎ أ اردﻩ اﷲ (ﺴــﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ وﺘﻌــﺎﻟﻰ) ﻟﻨﺒﻴــﻪ اﻟﻛــرﻴم وﻟﻠﻌــرب وﻟﻺﻨﺴــﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺠﻤﻌــﺎء. ﻓــﺄذا

ﻤﺎﺘﺄﻤﻠﻨﺎ اﻟﻨص اﻟﻘ آرﻨﻲ ﻋﻨد ﻗ ارءﺘﻪ ﻓﺄﻨﻪ ﻴﺜﻴر اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺔ واﻟﺒﻬﺠﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻔس اﻹﻨﺴﺎﻨﻴﺔ ٬ وﻴﺠﻌﻝ اﻹﻨﺴـﺎن

ﻴﺘﻠوﻩ ﺘﻼوة إﻴﻘﺎﻋﻴﺔ ٬ ﺤﻴث ﻴﻛﻤن ﺠﻤﺎﻝ اﻟﻘ ارن ﻓﻲ ﺒﻨﺎﺌﻪ اﻟﺸﻛﻠﻲ واﻟﺒﻼﻏﻲ وﻤﺤﺘواﻩ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴـري ٬ ﻓﻬـو

ﻛﻼم اﷲ (ﺠﻝ ﺠﻼﻟﻪ) ٬ ﻟذﻟك ﻴﺘوﺠب ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﺎرئ أن ﻴظﻬر اﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌص اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺒﺠﻤﻴـﻊ ﻤظﺎﻫرﻫـﺎ

اﻟﻤﺘﻨوﻋﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ ٬ ﻤن ﺨﻼﻝ ﺤﺴن ﺘﻼوﺘﻪ وﺘذوﻗﻪ اﻟﻌﺎم ﻟﻪ وﻓﻬﻤﻪ اﻟﻌﻤﻴق ﻻﻴﺎﺘﻪ اﻟﺤﻛﻴﻤﺔ ٬ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﻨﺎﺴب

ﻗدﺴﻴﺘﻪ وﺠﻤﺎﻟﻪ وﺠﻼﻟـﻪ ٬ ﻓﻴوﺼـﻴﻨﺎ اﻟﺒـﺎري (ﻋـز وﺠـﻝ) ﻋﻨـد ﻗ ارءﺘﻨـﺎ ﻟﻠﻘـ ارن اﻟﻛـرﻴم أن ﻨرﺘﻠـﻪ ﺘـرﺘﻴﻼ ٬

ﻟﻘوﻟـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــﻪ ﺘﻌـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــﺎﻟﻰ (ورﺘـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــﻝ اﻟﻘـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ارن ﺘـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــرﺘﻴﻼ)

(اﻟﻤزﻤـﻝ ( 4 / .واﻟﻤﺘﺘﺒـﻊ ﻟﻘـ ارءة اﻴـﺎت اﻟـذﻛر اﻟﺤﻛـﻴم واﻟﻤـﺘﻤﻌن ﻓـﻲ ﻤﻌﺎﻨﻴﻬـﺎ وﻤﻀـﺎﻤﻴﻨﻬﺎ ٬ ﻴﺠـد ﻨﻔﺴـﻪ

ﻋﻨدﻤﺎ ﻴﺨﺘم اﻟﻘ ارن اﻟﻛـرﻴم ٬ ﺒﺄﻨـﻪ ﻓـﻲ ﺸـوق ﻟﻠﺒـدء ﺒـﺘﻼوة ﺠدﻴـدة ٬ ﻓﻴـﺎﺘرى ﻟﻤـﺎذا ﻴﺤـدث ﻫـذا اﻟﺸـﻲء؟

ﻓﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺔ اﻟروﺤﻴﺔ واﻟﺒﻬﺠﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺤﺼﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﻘﺎرئ ﻤن ﺨـﻼﻝ ﻗ ارءﺘـﻪ ﻵﻴـﺎت

اﻟـذﻛر اﻟﺤﻛـﻴم ٬ ﻓـﺄن ﻛﻼﻤـﻪ ﺘﻌـﺎﻟﻰ ﻴﺒـث اﻟﺒرﻛـﺔ ﻓـﻲ اﻟـروح واﻟـﻨﻔس اﻹﻨﺴـﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﺠﻌﻠﻬـﺎ ﺘﺴـﻤو ﻓـوق

ﻤﺎدﻴـﺎت اﻟﺤﻴـﺎة اﻟـدﻨﻴﺎ وﺘﻠﺘﺠـﺊ إﻟـﻰ ﺨﺎﻟﻘﻬـﺎ وﺒﺎرﺌﻬـﺎ ﻟﺘﺴـﺘﻔﻴض ﻤـن اﻟﻔـﻴض اﻹﻟﻬـﻲ اﻟﻌظـﻴم ٬ وﻋﻨـد

اﻻﺴﺘﻐ ارق ﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﺎﻨﻲ ﻫذﻩ اﻵﻴﺎت وﻓﻲ ﻤﺤﺘواﻫﺎ اﻟروﺤﻲ واﻟدﻴﻨﻲ وﺒﻨﺎﺌﻬـﺎ اﻟﺒﻼﻏـﻲ واﻟﺠﻤـﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﺴـﻴﺠد

اﻟﻘــﺎرئ ﻤﺠﻤوﻋــﺔ ﻤــن أﺴــس وﻗواﻋــد اﻟﺘﻛــوﻴن اﻟﻔﻨــﻲ ذات اﻟﺤﺒﻛــﺔ اﻟﻤﻨظﻤــﺔ ﺘﻨظﻴﻤــﺎ دﻗﻴﻘــﺎ واﻟﻤرﺘﺒــﺔ

ﺒﺼـورة ﻤﺤﻛﻤـﺔ ﺘﺜﻴـر اﻟدﻫﺸـﺔ واﻹﻋﺠـﺎب وﺘﻘـودﻩ إﻟـﻰ ﻤﻌـﺎﻨﻲ وﻤﻀـﺎﻤﻴن ﻻﺒـد ﻟـﻪ أن ﻴﺘـذوﻗﻬﺎ ﻟﻴﺼـﻝ

إﻟﻰ ﻤﺎ ﺘﺼﺒو أﻟﻴﻪ ﻫذﻩ اﻷﻴﺎت ﻤن ﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴم ﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴـﺔ . وﻤـن ﻫـذا اﻟﻤﻨطﻠـق ﻴﺘطـرق اﻟﺒﺤـث إﻟـﻰ ﻤﻔﻬـوم

اﻟﺘذوق اﻟﻔﻨﻲ واﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﺼوص اﻟﻘرآﻨﻴﺔ ٬ ﺤﻴث ﻴﺒرز اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻔﻬوم اﻟﻘرآﻨﻲ ﻤن ﺠواﻨب

ﻋدﻴدة ٬ وﻴﺘﺠﻠﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻝ رﻛن ﻤن أرﻛﺎن اﻟﻘرآن.
ﺍﻟﺧﺭﺍﺋﻁ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻭﻏﺭﺍﻓﻳﺔ ﻭﺃﻫﻣﻳﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺳﺗﺭﺍﺗﻳﺟﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻭﻁﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻲ
Authors: ﺻﺑﺣﻲ ﺻﺎﻟﺢ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺇﺑﺭﺍﻫﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻳﻧﻲ  
Published: November 2023

ﻟـم ﺘﻌـد اﻟﺠﻐ ارﻓﻴـﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺠـﺎً وﺼـﻔﻴﺎً ﻓﻘـط ٬ ﺒـﻝ ﻋﻠـم ﺘطﺒﻴﻘـﻲ ﻨظـري ٬ واﻟﺨـ ارﺌط ﺘﻌﺘﺒـر ﻤـن
اﻟﺠﺎﻨـب اﻟﻌﻠﻤـﻲ اﻟﺘطﺒﻴﻘـﻲ ﻓـﻲ اﻟﺠﻐ ارﻓﻴـﺔ ٬ وﺘﺴـﺎﻋد ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺠﻌـﻝ أﻴـﺔ د ارﺴـﺔ ﺠﻐ ارﻓﻴـﺔ ﻨﺎﺠﺤـﺔ ٬
واﻟﺨرﻴطــﺔ أداة ﻀــرورﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﻠــم اﻟﺠﻐ ارﻓﻴــﺔ ﻷﻨﻬــﺎ ﺘﻌــﻴن اﻟﺠﻐ ارﻓــﻲ ﻋﻠــﻰ ﺘﻔﺴــﻴر اﻟﻌﻼﻗــﺔ ﺒــﻴن

اﻹﻨﺴﺎن واﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ .
ﻴﻬـدف اﻟﺒﺤـث اﻟـﻰ اﻟوﺼـوﻝ اﻟـﻰ إﺜﺒـﺎت أن اﻟﺨـ ارﺌط اﻟطﺒوﻏ ارﻓﻴـﺔ ذات أﻫﻤﻴـﺔ ﺴـﺘ ارﺘﻴﺠﻴﺔ
ﻟﻠـوطن اﻟﻌرﺒـﻲ ﻛﻤﻌﻠوﻤـﺎت ﺘﺴـﺎﻋد ﻓـﻲ ﺒﻨـﺎء ﻤﻘوﻤﺎﺘـﻪ اﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎدﻴﺔ وﻗوﺘـﻪ وﻓـﻲ ﺼـﻨﻊ اﻟﻘـ ارر

اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﻲ.
أﻤﺎ أﻫﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﺤث واﻟﺤﺎﺠﺔ اﻟﻴﻪ ﻓﺘﺄﺘﻲ ﻤن ﻛوﻨﻪ ذات ﺼـﻠﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺠﻬـﺎت اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘﻬـﺘم ﺒـﺎﻟﺨ ارﺌط
اﻟطﺒوﻏ ارﻓﻴـﺔ ﻓـﻲ طﺒﻴﻌـﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻬـﺎ وﻤﻨﻬـﺎ اﻟﻤؤﺴﺴـﺎت اﻟﻌﺴـﻛرﻴﺔ واﻟﻤدﻨﻴـﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘﺘﻌﺎﻤـﻝ ﻤـﻊ اﻟﺒﻨـﺎء

واﻟﺘﺸﻴﻴد وﻤد اﻟطرق واﻟﺠﺴور .
وﻗـد اﻋﺘﻤـد اﻟﺒﺤـث اﻟﻤـﻨﻬﺞ اﻻﺴـﺘﻘ ارﺌﻲ اﻟـذي ﻴﻌﺘﻤـد ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟﺒﺤـث ﻟﻠوﺼـوﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠوﻤـﺎت ﺜـم

وﺼﻔﻬﺎ وﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻬﺎ . أن اﻟﺒﺤــث ﻨــﺎﻗش اﻟﺨــ ارﺌط اﻟطﺒوﻏ ارﻓﻴــﺔ ﺒــدأ ﻤــن ﻤﻔﻬوﻤﻬــﺎ وﺘطورﻫــﺎ واﻷﻫﻤﻴــﺔ ﻟﺘطــور اﻟﺨ ارﺌط اﻟطﺒوﻏ ارﻓﻴﺔ اﻟﻌرﺒﻴﺔ ٬ ووﻀﺢ اﻟﺒﺤث دور اﻟﻌرب ﻓﻲ ﺘطـوﻴر ﻫـذﻩ اﻟﺨـ ارﺌط واﻷﻫﻤﻴـﺔ اﻻﺴﺘ ارﺘﻴﺠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨ ارﺌط اﻟطﺒوﻏ ارﻓﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﺴﻛرﻴﺔ واﻹدارﻴﺔ واﻟﺴﻴﺎﺤﻴﺔ وﺨ ارﺌط اﺴﺘﺨدام اﻻرض . ­۱ ﺍﻟﺧﺭﺍﺋﻁ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻭﻏﺭﺍﻓﻳﺔ – ﻣﻔﻬﻭﻣﻬﺎ – ﺗﻁﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻲ ﺴﻨوﻀﺢ ﻓﻲ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻔﻘرة ﻤﻔﻬوم اﻟﺨ ارﺌط اﻟطﺒوﻏ ارﻓﻴﺔ اﻟﻌرﺒﻴﺔ وﺘطورﻫﺎ اﻟﺘﺎرﻴﺨﻲ.
ﺍﻟﺻﺭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺣﺿﺎﺭﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ( ﻣﻥ ﻳﻭﻣﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺳﻳﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺳﻌﻳﺩ )
Authors: ﺩ. ﻓﻠﻳﺢ ﻛﺭﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﻛﺎﺑﻲ  
Published: November 2023

اﻟﺤﻀـﺎرة ﻤوﻀـوع واﺴـﻊ ﻴﺼـﻌب اﻟﺨـوض ﻓﻴـﻪ ﻷﻫﻤﻴﺘـﻪ ٬ واﺨﺘﻼﻓـﻪ ﻤـن ﺸـﻌب إﻟـﻰ
آﺨـر ﺒﺤﺴـب اﻟظـروف ٬ أو اﻟﺒﻴﺌـﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﻴﻨﺸـﺄ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎﻻ اﻷﻓـ ارد ٬ وﻫـﻲ ﺸـﻲء ﻤﻌﻨـوي ﻴوﻟـد ﻤﻌﻬـم ٬
وﻴﺨﻠـد ﺒﻌـدﻫم ٬ وﻗـد أﺴﺴـت ﺤﻀـﺎ ارت ﻛﺜﻴـرة ي اﻟﻌـﺎﻟم ٬ وﻛـﺎن ﻟﻛـﻝ واﺤـدة طﺎﺒﻌﻬـﺎ اﻟﻤﻤﻴـز ٬
ﺴـواء أﻛـﺎن ﺒﺎﻟﻠﻐـﺔ أم ﺒﺎﻟﻌـﺎدات واﻟﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴـد اﻟﺴـﺎﺌدة ٬ ﻓﻛﺎﻨـت ﺘﺤﺼـﻴﻝ ﺤﺎﺼـﻝ ﻴﻨـﺘﺞ ﻋـن طرﻴـق
اﻟﺘﻘﺎء اﻟﻔرد ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ٬ واﻟﺤﻀﺎرة ((ظﺎﻫرة اﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴـﺔ ﻨﻔﺴـﻴﺔ ٬ ﺘﺤﻤـﻝ ﻓـﻲ أذﻫـﺎن اﻷﻓـ ارد ٬ وﻻ
ﺘﺠد ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﺘﻌﺒﻴ اًر إﻻّ ﺒﻬم)) (١) . وﺘﻛون ﺨﺎرﺠﺔ ﻋن إ اردﺘﻬم ﺤﻴن وﻻدﺘﻬـم وﻛﺎﻨـت ﺘﻛﺘﺴـب ﻤـن
اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻨﺸﺄون ﻓﻴﻬﺎ وﺤﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻴﻛﺒرون ﻴﻌوﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻤﺎﻤﺎً ٬ وﻴﺘﺄﺜرون ﺒﻬﺎ وﻴؤﺜرون ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ٬ وﺘﻛﺒـر
ﻤﻌﻬم وﻫم ﺒﻨﺎﺘﻬﺎ . واﻟﺤﻀـﺎرة ظـﺎﻫرة ﻤﺴـﺘﻤرة ﻤﺘطـورة ﺘواﻛـب ﻋﺠﻠـﺔ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ ٬ ﻫـدﻓﻬﺎ إﺤـداث
ﻨﻘﻠﺔ ﻨوﻋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻔﻛﻴر أﻋﻀﺎﺌﻪ وﻫﻲ ((اﺴـﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻟﻛـﻝ اﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠـﺎت اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ اﻟـذي ﻴﺘﺒﻨﺎﻫـﺎ)) (٢) .
ﻓﻀﻼً ﻋن أﻨﻬﺎ إﻓ ارز واﻗﻌﻲ ﺘﺘﺄﺜر ﺒﺎﻟﻤورث اﻟﻤﺘوﻓر ﻷﻤـﺔ ﻤـﺎ ٬ أو ﻗـد ﻻ ﺘﺘـﺄﺜر ﻓﺘﻛـون اﻛﺘﺴـﺎﺒﺎً
ﻋـن طرﻴـق اﻟـﺘﻌﻠم ﺘﻔرﻀـﻪ اﻟظـروف اﻟﻤﺤﻴطـﺔ. وﺤﻴﻨﻤـﺎ ﻴﻨﺘﻘـﻝ ﻓـرد ﻨﺎﻀـﺞ ﻤـن ﺤﻀـﺎرة إﻟـﻰ
ﺤﻀﺎرة أﺨرى ﻴﺘﺤﺘم ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻤﺴﺎﻴرة اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺠدﻴدة ٬ ﻛﻲ ﻻ ﻴﻌـﻴش ﻓـﻲ ﻋزﻟـﺔ ﺘـؤﺜر ﻓـﻲ ﺴـﻠوﻛﻪ
إذا ﻛﺎن ﻴﻨـوي اﻹﻗﺎﻤـﺔ ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ اﻟﺠدﻴـد ٬ أي اﻹﻗـ ارر ﺒﺎﻟﺤﺎﻀـر وﻋـدم ﺘﻨﺎﺴـﻲ اﻟﻤﺎﻀـﻲ ٬
وأن ﻴﺘـرك ﻷﺒﻨﺎﺌـﻪ ﺤرﻴـﺔ اﻻﺨﺘﻴـﺎر ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻌـﻴش ﻤـﻊ ﻤﺠـﺘﻤﻌﻬم اﻟﺠدﻴـد ٬ وﻫـذﻩ اﻟﻘﻀـﻴﺔ ﻻزﻤـت
ﺒﻌض اﻷﻓـ ارد اﻟـذﻴن ﻫـﺎﺠروا وﻋﺎﺸـوا ﻓـﻲ ﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌـﺎت ﺠدﻴـدة ٬ ﻓﻠـم ﻴﺘﻤﻛﻨـوا ﻤـن ﺘﺤدﻴـد طـرﻴﻘﻬم
ﻓـﻲ اﻟﺤﻀـﺎ ارت اﻷﺨـرى ٬ وﻛﺎﻨـت ﺘﻠـك اﻟﻤرﺤﻠـﺔ اﻨﻌطﺎﻓـﺔ ﺤـﺎدة ﻓـﻲ ﺤﻴـﺎﺘﻬم اﻨﻌﻛﺴـت ﺴـﻠﺒﺎً
ﻋﻠـﻴﻬم ٬ وﺼـﺎرت ﺴـﺒﺒﺎً ﻓـﻲ ﻀـﻴﺎع أﺒﻨـﺎﺌﻬم ﻓـﻲ ﺨﻀـم اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌـﺎت اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔـﺔ ((ﺤـﻴن ﻴﻔـد أي
ﻋﻨﺼـر ﺤﻀـﺎري إﻟـﻰ ﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ ﻤـﺎ ﻓـﺈن ﻗﺒوﻟـﻪ ﻴﺠـب أن ﻴﺴـﺒق ﺒﻤـدة ﺘﺠرﻴﺒﻴـﺔ ﻴﺨﻀـﻊ ﻟﻬـﺎ ذﻟـك
اﻟﻌﻨﺼر . وﻓﻲ ﺘﻠك اﻟﻤدة اﻟﺘﺠرﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻴﺼﺒﺢ اﻟﻌﻨﺼر اﻟواﻓـد واﻟﻌﻨﺼـر أو اﻟﻌـدد ﻤـن اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺼـر
اﻟﺘـﻲ ﻴﻨﺎﻓﺴـﻬﺎ ٬ وﻴرﻴـد أن ﻴﺤـﻝ ﻤﺤﻠﻬـﺎ (ﻋﻨﺎﺼـر اﺨﺘﻴﺎرﻴـﺔ) داﺨـﻝ اﻟﻤرﻛـب اﻟﺤﻀـﺎري اﻟﻌـﺎم
ﻟﻠﺤﻀـﺎرة ٬ أو ﺒﻤﺜﺎﺒـﺔ طـرق ﻤﺘﻌـددة أﻤـﺎم اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ ﻟﻠوﺼـوﻝ إﻟـﻰ ﻫـدف واﺤـد . ﻓـﺈن ﺜﺒـت أن
اﻟﻌﻨﺼر اﻟواﻓد ﻴﻔﻲ ﺒﺎﻟﺤﺎﺠـﺔ ﺒﺸـﻛﻝ أﻛﻤـﻝ ٬ أو أﺼـﻠﺢ ﻤـن اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺼـر اﻟﻘدﻴﻤـﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﻴﻨﺎﻓﺴـﻬﺎ ٬
ٕوان ﻛﺎن ﺒﺎﻹﻤﻛﺎن إدﻤﺎﺠﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤرﻛب اﻟﺤﻀﺎري اﻟﻌﺎم ٬ ﻓﺈن ﻋدداً أﻛﺒـر ﻤـن أﻓـ ارد اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ
"ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﻳﻥ ﺑﻌﺽ ﻋﻧﺎﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﻠﻳﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺑﺩﻧﻳﺔ" ﻭﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ ﻣﺑﺎﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺭﻳﺷﺔ -ﺒﺤث ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟطﻠﺒﺔ اﻟرﻴﺎﻀﻴﻴن ﻓﻲ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ اﻟطب اﻟﺒﻴطري / ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺒﻐداد-
Authors: ﻡ.ﻣﺅﻳﺩ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﺣﻣﻳﺩ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ  
Published: November 2023

اﺸـﺘﻤﻝ اﻟﺒﺤـث ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺨﻤﺴـﺔ اﺒـواب ٬ ﺘﻀـﻤن اﻟﺒـﺎب اﻻوﻝ ﻤﻨﻬـﺎ اﻟﺘﻌرﻴـف ﺒﺎﻟﺒﺤـث اﻟـذي
اﺸﺘﻤﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻘدﻤﺔ وﻤﺎﻫﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﻛﻠﺔ ٬ وﻫدف اﻟﺒﺤث وﻫو ﻤﻌرﻓﺔ اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﻴن ﺒﻌض ﻋﻨﺎﺼر

اﻟﻠﻴﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺒدﻨﻴﺔ وﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻤﺒﺎرﻴﺎت اﻟرﻴﺸﺔ ﻟﻠطﻠﺒﺔ اﻟرﻴﺎﻀﻴﻴن اﻟﺠﺎﻤﻌﻴﻴن.
وﻓـرض اﻟﺒﺤـث اﻟـذي اﻓﺘـرض ﻋﻠـﻰ ان ﻫﻨـﺎك ﻋﻼﻗـﺔ ارﺘﺒـﺎط ﻤﻌﻨوﻴـﺔ ﺒـﻴن ﺒﻌـض ﻋﻨﺎﺼـر
اﻟﻠﻴﺎﻗــﺔ اﻟﺒدﻨﻴــﺔ وﻨﺘــﺎﺌﺞ ﻤﺒﺎرﻴــﺎت اﻟرﻴﺸــﺔ اﻟﺘــﻲ اﻗﻴﻤــت ﻓــﻲ ﻛﻠﻴــﺔ اﻟطــب اﻟﺒﻴطــري وﻤﺠــﺎﻻت

اﻟﺒﺤث.
اﻤﺎ اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ واﻟذي اﺤﺘوى ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟد ارﺴـﺎت اﻟﻨظرﻴـﺔ ﻓﻘـد اﻨﻀـوى ﺘﺤـت ﺜﻼﺜـﺔ ﻤواﻀـﻴﻊ:
اﻻوﻝ ﻛـﺎن ﺒﻌﻨـوان (اﻫﻤﻴـﺔ اﻻﺨﺘﺒـﺎ ارت ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻤﺠـﺎﻝ اﻟرﻴﺎﻀـﻲ) واﻟﺜـﺎﻨﻲ ﻛـﺎن (اﻟﻠﻴﺎﻗـﺔ اﻟﺒدﻨﻴـﺔ

وﻤﻛوﻨﺎﺘﻬﺎ) اﻤﺎ اﻟﺜﺎﻟث ﻓﻛﺎن ﻋﻨواﻨﻪ (اﻟﺘﺨطﻴط ﻟﻠﺘدرﻴب اﻟرﻴﺎﻀﻲ) .
وﺘﻀــﻤن اﻟﺒــﺎب اﻟﺜﺎﻟــث ﻤﻨﻬﺠﻴــﺔ اﻟﺒﺤــث واﻟﻌﻴﻨــﺔ واﻻدوات اﻟﺘــﻲ ﻟﺴــﺘﺨدﻤت ﻓــﻲ اﻟﺒﺤــث

اﻀﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻰ اﺠ ارءات اﻟﺒﺤث واﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎ ارت واﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨدﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺤث .
اﻤـﺎ اﻟﺒـﺎب اﻟ ارﺒـﻊ ﻓـﺎﺤﺘوى ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻤﺠـﺎﻟﻴن ﻤﻬﻤـﻴن وﻫﻤـﺎ (ﻋـرض اﻟﻨﺘـﺎﺌﺞ وﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻬـﺎ) واﻟـذي

اﺸﺘﻤﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋرض وﺘﺤﻠﻴﻝ ﻏﻼﻗﺎت اﻻرﺘﺒﺎط و (ﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ) .
واﺨﻴــ اًر اﻟﺒــﺎب اﻟﺨــﺎﻤس وﺘﻀــﻤن اﻻﺴــﺘﻨﺘﺎﺠﺎت اﻟﺘــﻲ اﺴــﺘﻨﺘﺠﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﺎﺤــث واﻟﺘوﺼــﻴﺎت اﻟﺘــﻲ

ﺘﻤﺨﻀت ﻤن ﺨﻼﻝ اﻻﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺠﺎت .
ﺗﻘﻭﻳﻡ ﺍﻻﻧﺗﻣﺎء ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﻲ ﻟﻣﺧﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻗﺳـﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺳﻳﻘﻳﺔ ﻟﻸﻋﻭﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺳﻳــﺔ ۱۹۹۰ ـ ۱۹۹۱ ﻡ ۱۹۹۱/ ـ ۱۹۹۲ ﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺿﻭء ﺃﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﺳﻡ
Authors: ﻡ.ﻡ. ﺇﺣﺳﺎﻥ ﺷﺎﻛﺭ ﻣﺣﺳﻥ  
Published: November 2023

ُﻴ َﻌـّد ﻗﺴـم اﻟﻔﻨـون اﻟﻤوﺴـﻴﻘﻴﺔ واﺤـداً ﻤـن رﻛـﺎﺌِز ﺘﻌﻠـﻴم اﻟﻔـن اﻟﻤوﺴـﻴﻘﻲ ﺒﻛـﻝ ﻤـﺎ ﻴﻨطـوي
ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﻤـن ﻤﻔﺎﺼـﻝ ﺤﻴوﻴـﺔ ﺘرﻓـد اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓـﺔ اﻟﻔﻨﻴـﺔ ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻌـ ارق ﻋﺒـر ﺘﺨـرج دﻓﻌـﺎت ﻤـن اﻟﻛـوادر
اﻟﻤزﱠودة ﺒﺎﻟﺨﺒ ارت اﻟﻤوﺴﻴﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻌرﻓﻴﺔ واﻟﻤﻬﺎرﻴـﺔ واﻟﺘـﻲ ﺴـﺘﺄﺨذ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻋﺎﺘﻘﻬـﺎ ﻤﺴـؤوﻟﻴﺔ ﺘﺄﺴـﻴس
وﺘﻘوﻴم اﻟﻨﻬﻀـﺔ اﻟﻤوﺴـﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﻤﺠـﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﻌﻠـﻴم واﻷداء واﻟﻨﻘـد اﻟﻤوﺴـﻴﻘﻲ اﻷﻤـر اﻟـذي ﻴﻔـرض
اﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎم ﺒﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺘﺘﺒﻊ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻤﺨرﺠﺎت وﻤﺤﺎوﻟﺔ اﻟوﺼوﻝ إﻟـﻰ ﺘﺼـّور ﻤوﻀـوﻋﻲ ﺤـوﻝ ﻗـدرﺘﻬﺎ
ﻓﻲ اﻻﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻟﻤﺘطﻠﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ اﻟد ارﺴﻴﺔ وﻤﺘطﻠﺒﺎت اﻹﻋداد وﻤدى ﻗدرة ﺘﻠـك اﻟﻤﻨـﺎﻫﺞ ﻋﻠـﻰ

اﻻﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻟﻤﺘطﻠﺒﺎت وﺤﺎﺠﺎت اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ واﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺒﺼورة ﻋﺎﻤﺔ.
ﻟﻘــد أﻋﺘﻤــد ﻗﺴــم اﻟﻔﻨــون اﻟﻤوﺴــﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻤﻨــذ اﻓﺘﺘﺎﺤــﻪ ﻓــﻲ ﻋــﺎم ١٩٧٨ م ﻋﻠــﻰ أﻫــدا ٍف
وﻤّﺒـر ارت ﻻﺒـد وأن ﺘﻛـون ﺒﻨـﺎ َءة ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ اﻟﻌ ارﻗـﻲ ﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻠـﺔ ﻤـﻊ ﻓﺌﺎﺘـﻪ اﻟﻤوﺴـﻴﻘﻴﺔ و ﺘﻨوﻋﺎﺘﻬـﺎ
اﻟﺜرﻴـﺔ ٬ وﻗـد أﻋﺘﻤـَد ﻓـﻲ ﺴـﻴﺎﻗﺎﺘﻪ ﻤﻨـذ اﻟﺒداﻴـﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻗﺒـوﻝ طﻠﺒـﺔ ﻤـن أﻨﺤـﺎء ﻤﺤﺎﻓظـﺎت اﻟﻘطـر
اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻲ ﻟﺘﻛوﻴن ﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻤوﺴﻴﻘﻲ ﻤﺼـﻐر ﻴﺤـﺎﻛﻲ ﻗـدر اﻹﻤﻛـﺎن اﻟواﻗـﻊ اﻟﻤوﺴـﻴﻘﻲ اﻟﻌ ارﻗـﻲ
ﻟﺘﺨرﻴﺞ ﻛﺎدر ﻤﺘﺨﺼص ﻴرﻋﻰ ﺘﻨّوع اﻟﻔﻨون وﺘﻌّدد أﺸﻛﺎﻟ ِﻪ ﻤن ﺨﻼﻝ ﻗﻴﺎﻤـﻪ ﺒـﺎﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴم واﻟﺘﺜﻘﻴـف

وﻤﻤﺎرﺴﺔ ﺸﺘﻰ أﻨواع اﻟﻤﺘطﻠﺒﺎت اﻟﻤوﺴﻴﻘﻴﺔ.
أن طﺒﻴﻌﺔ اﻟد ارﺴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺴـم اﻟﻔﻨـون اﻟﻤوﺴـﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻤﻨـذ ﺘﺄﺴﻴ ِﺴـ ِﻪ ﺘَ ْن ◌َ َﺼـب ﻓـﻲ ﺘﻘـدﻴم ﻤـواد
ﻨظرﻴﺔ وﺘطﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ وﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻤوﺴﻴﻘﻴﺔ أﻛﺎدﻴﻤﻴـﺔ وﺘﻌﺘﻤـد اﻟﻤوﻫﺒـﺔ اﻟﻔﻨﻴـﺔ و اﻹد ارك اﻟـذﻫﻨﻲ ﻟﻠطﺎﻟـب
ٕواﻤﻛﺎﻨﺎﺘـﻪ اﻟﻔﺴـﻠﺠﻴﺔ واﻟﺘـﻲ ﻴﺘوﻗـﻊ ﻤﻨﻬـﺎ ن ﺘﺴـﺎﻫم ﺒﺸـﻛﻝ ﻓﺎﻋـﻝ ﻓـﻲ ﺘوﺠﻴﻬـﻪ ﻨﺤـو ﺴـﻠوك ﻤﻬﻨـﻲ
ﻤﺴـﺘﻘﺒﻠﻲ ﻴﺘّﻔـق ﻤـﻊ ﻫـذﻩ اﻟد ارﺴـﺔ وأﻫـداﻓﻬﺎ ٬ ﻏﻴـر إن واﻗـﻊ اﻟﺤـﺎﻝ ﻴﻛﺸـف ﻋـدم وﺠـود د ارﺴـﺔ
ﺘﺘﺒﻌﻴﻪ ﻟﺨرﻴﺠﻲ اﻟﻘﺴم ﻨﻌرف ﻤن ﺨﻼﻟﻬﺎ طﺒﻴﻌﺔ اﻟﺴـﻠوك واﻻﻨﺘﻤـﺎء اﻟﻤﻬﻨـﻲ ﻟﻬـم ﻟﻠوﻗـوف ﻋﻠـﻰ
ﻤـدى اﻹﻓـﺎدة ﻤـن اﻟﻤﻘـر ارت اﻟد ارﺴـﻴﺔ وﻗـدرة اﻟﻘﺴـم ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟﺘوﺠﻴـﻪ ٬ اﻷﻤـر اﻟـذي ﻴﻔـرض إﺠـ ارء
ﺘﻘوﻴم ﻟﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﻤﻔﺎﺼﻠﻪ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﻨﺴﺠم وﻤﺘطﻠﺒﺎت ﺴوق اﻟﻌﻤﻝ واﻟﺤﺎﺠﺎت اﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻴﺔ.
KEARIFAN LOKAL TRADISI SADRANAN KALI SEDANDANG DI TLAHAB TEMANGGUNG SEBAGAI BASIS NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Arrazaq Naufal Raffi , Tasnur Irvan 
Published: November 2023

The study of the Sadranan Kali Sedandang tradition in Tlahab Temanggung as a source of learning local history and character education in the PPK movement in particular has not been carried out in depth by previous researchers. The purpose of the study is to analyze the history of Sadranan Kali Sedandang, the description of the implementation of Sadranan Kali Sedandang, and the values of character education based on local wisdom in the Sadranan Kali Sedandang tradition. The method used in this study is qualitative. The results showed that the history of Sadranan Kali Sedandang in general has a connection with the Shradda tradition that has existed since the time of the Majapahit Kingdom. Sadranan is also carried out as a form of the community's expression of gratitude for the ease of access to water and the abundance of crops. The tradition related to the expression of gratitude for the abundance of water is called Sadranan Kali Sedandang. The implementation of the Sadranan Kali Sedandang tradition begins with cleaning the environment, planting trees, praying together and Slametan. People bring various attributes such as offerings, tumpeng, ingkung from roosters, and market snacks. The Sadranan Kali tradition has the potential to be used as a source of learning local history and character education in the PPK movement.
Remarkable Breakthrough: Unleashing the Power of Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in Defeating Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) of the Lungs - A Compelling Case Report
Authors: Andayani Novita , Murtaza Murtaza , Marlena Rina , Muhawan Syarifah Fera 
Published: November 2023

Background: This case report focuses on the evaluation of treatment efficacy in a 64-year-old male patient diagnosed with stage IVA lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the right upper lobe. The patient underwent chemotherapy using paclitaxel and carboplatin, administered in measured doses over six cycles. Close monitoring of patients was conducted throughout the treatment period, taking into account their clinical condition.
Case: The patient underwent a computerized tomography (CT) examination before starting treatment, followed by a comparison in the third month of treatment. Encouragingly, significant clinical improvement was observed with respect to the initial complaint. The patient achieved an excellent response, the tumor appearance disappeared and the previous size was assessed by Partial Response (PR) based on RECIST criteria.
Discussions: The administration of paclitaxel and carboplatin in patients with SCC gave positive results. Metered doses and scheduled administration allow for effective disease management, leading to substantial clinical improvement. The case studies highlight the potential of this treatment regimen in treating SCC, emphasizing the importance of close monitoring during therapy.
Conclusion: This case report underscores the promising results obtained with paclitaxel and carboplatin in the treatment of lung SCC. The patient's notable response, marked by clinical improvement and achieving a partial response based on RECIST criteria, exemplifies the potential of this therapeutic approach. Further investigations and clinical trials are warranted to explore the broader applicability and efficacy of this regimen.
O Papel fundamental da atenção primária na saúde sexual e planejamento familiar das mulheres
Authors: Lemos Schuler Maria Fernanda De , Quevedo Bárbara Chrysthyne Dos Santos , Silva Thiago Cardoso da , Kageyama Anna Julia da Costa , Torres Gloria Stefani Lins , Silva Emerson Zonel Inácio da , Faria Catarina Pioli Lamêgo de , Santos Rebecca Mascarenhas , Pellin Emerson , Silva Emanuelly Ferreira da , Romeiro Edenilze Teles , Barbosa Ana Regina Oliveira de Araújo , Liebel Vinícius Fernandes 
Published: November 2023

OBJETIVO: Descrever o papel o papel fundamental da atenção primária na saúde sexual e planejamento familiar das mulheres. MÉTODO: Consiste numa revisão integrativa, realizada com base na seguinte pergunta norteadora: Qual o papel fundamental da atenção primária na saúde sexual e planejamento familiar das mulheres? sendo utilizado a estratégia PICO, em que “p” população: mulheres atendidas na atenção primária a saúde, “I” interesse: Avaliação da influência da atenção primária à saúde na saúde sexual e planejamento familiar das mulheres, e “C” e “O” contexto: Impacto da atenção primária à saúde na saúde sexual e planejamento familiar das mulheres. O filtro utilizado para as buscas foi com os descritores: “Atenção Primária à saúde”; “Planejamento Familiar”; “Saúde da mulher”, utilizando o operador booleano “AND” e “OR”. RESULTADOS: A amostra final foi constituída de 6 artigos, que resultaram em 2 categorias: Atenção primária a saúde da mulher no Brasil e seu surgimento; Importância da atenção primária na saúde sexual da mulher e planejamento familiar. CONCLUSÃO: Entende-se que, o apoio do profissional de saúde é de grande importância durante o atendimento a mulher, deve-se oferecer um suporte integral a mulher, acolhê-la na Atenção Básica sanando todas as suas dúvidas.
Uso de un Objeto Virtual de Aprendizaje como Estrategia Didáctica para Promover la Identidad Cultural y Conservación de Especies Nativas en Extinción Con Estudiantes de Grado Sexto en Cartagena del Chairá, Caquetá
Authors: Garzón Tintinago Luz Dary 
Published: November 2023

Este artículo busca dar a conocer la importancia de implementar una “OVA” Objeto Virtual de Aprendizaje como estrategia didáctica y dinamizadora en los procesos educativos, y a la vez, permita un aprendizaje significativo en los estudiantes del grado sexto, para promover la identidad cultural y conservación de especies nativas en extinción (flora y fauna) desde el área de español y transversalidad del proyecto institucional Plan lector y (PRAE) Proyecto Ambiental Escolar. Como también, desarrollar competencias ambientales y tecnológicas para despertar la curiosidad, el interés, la creatividad, para apropiar información pertinente que le permita formar pensamientos, conocimientos con la pedagogía ambiental, actitudes y creencias culturales que pueda manifestar conductas ecológicas y así, obtener hábitos eco ambientales con sentido de pertenencia y pertinencia, que fomente el cuidado y preservación de las especies nativas del entorno, para lograr un equilibrio ecológico, que contribuya a la biodiversidad sostenible ambiental, en la Institución Educativa el Chairá José María Córdoba, de Cartagena del Chairá -Caquetá.
L’île sur le fleuve dans Mud (Jeff Nichols, 2013) et Wild River (Elia Kazan, 1960) : Requiem contre le progrès ?
Authors: Gorgievski Sandra 
Published: November 2023

Espace métaphorique, exemple de dualisme entre espace et profondeur, espace du dedans/du dehors, l’île déserte sur le fleuve Mississippi est magnifiée dans Mud, tandis que dans Wild River, les habitants de l’île sur le fleuve Hiwassee sont chassés par la marche inéluctable du progrès industriel. Ces deux films dépeignent des communautés américaines subsistantes, mais destinées à disparaître ; dans les deux cas, l’intrusion d’un étranger sur l’île provoque attirance, fascination et désir pour certains, répulsion et danger pour d’autres. Tous deux montrent, selon des points de vue et perspectives divergents, la confrontation avec l’adversité qui passe avant tout par le récit initiatique (deux adolescents dans Mud) et par la confrontation constructive entre un homme et une femme que leurs cultures respectives opposent (le Nord et le Sud dans Wild River).
Chacun sur son île et Dieu pour tous ? Solitude existentielle, isolation et insularité dans l’œuvre de Michel Houellebecq
Authors: Ferdjani Youssef 
Published: November 2023

L’île évoquée dans le titre du roman de Michel Houellebecq La Possibilité d’une île n’existe pas, c’est un endroit imaginaire qui correspond à un idéal. On pourrait l’appeler l’île du bonheur et dire que tout le cycle romanesque tend vers ce but. C’est une île car c’est forcément un endroit séparé du continent, c’est un lieu isolé car l’amour véritable ne peut exister, semble-t-il, que loin de la société. En effet, le héros houellebecquien est un être isolé au milieu de la foule. La libération sexuelle n’a donc pas eu les effets escomptés. Au lieu de l’idéal communautaire, c’est exactement l’inverse qui s’est produit. Et nous verrons comment Michel Houellebecq, à partir de ce constat, va introduire la notion d’insularité dans son œuvre. La solitude existentielle, caractéristique de l’époque contemporaine, aura pour conséquence l’isolation complète de chaque homme dans une « résidence », un territoire sur lequel il sera seul et coupé des autres. L’œuvre dans son ensemble décrit une situation qui est très deégradée mais insiste paradoxalement sur l’importance de l’amour et sur le rôle de la littérature pour inciter les êtres humains à partir à la recherche d’îles imaginaires qui sont autant d’îlots de résistance dans un monde de solitude.
Archipels imaginaires, voyages en insularités
Authors: Michel-Fauré Valérie 
Published: November 2023

L’île est l’objet de projections multiples, de mythes et légendes, tant sur le plan poétique que sur le plan romanesque, dans l’ensemble des cinq continents. Sujet de prédilection pour représenter l’exil et la solitude, volontaire ou involontaire, elle est ambivalente selon les contextes : le refuge ou la prison, le paradis ou l’enfer, la séparation ou les retrouvailles, l’arrivée ou le départ, l’immensité ou le lieu clos, la guerre ou la paix, l’utopie ou la dystopie, le profane ou le sacré. Plusieurs corpus incarnent cette pensée nomade et archipélique de l’insularité, entre réalité et fiction, récits de voyages. Ce parcours propose d’analyser en premier lieu l’approche d’auteurs-compositeurs qui ont marqué notre imaginaire populaire. En second lieu, les récits naturalistes, romans d’aventures et fantastiques, romances ont accompagné nos enfances et adolescences, tels des rituels de passage à l’âge adulte, découvrant des terres lointaines, étranges, inconnues, des espaces imaginaires ou réels, sauvages. Habitant nos inconscients collectifs, ces auteurs se révèlent aujourd’hui comme des lanceurs d’alerte, leur prise de conscience de l’impact de l’homme sur le vivant végétal et animal, anticipateurs des concepts d’écosophie, d’écologie littéraire, d’évocentrisme, de libre évolution, de littérature-monde, d’écologie humaniste.
Erector spinae plane block for post-operative analgesia in thoracolumbar spine surgery: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Chiraya Seerat , Singh Jasveer , Mitra Sukanya , Malhotra Arvind , Srivastava Mohit Kishore , Fatima Samra 
Published: November 2023

Background and Aims:
Thoracolumbar spine surgery is one of the most painful surgical procedures. This study's primary objective was to evaluate the effect of erector spinae plane (ESP) block on post-operative cumulative morphine consumption at 24 h in patients undergoing thoracolumbar spine surgery.

Methods:
Seventy adults posted for thoracolumbar spine surgery were randomised into the control group [Number of patients (n)=35], who received general anaesthesia without any nerve block, and the intervention group (n = 35), who received bilateral ultrasound (US)-guided ESP block at the level of spine surgery with 0.25% bupivacaine 20 mL after standard general anaesthesia. Along with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia morphine, post-operative analgesia was standardised for both groups. Total morphine consumption, visual analogue scale (VAS) score to evaluate pain, overall patient satisfaction, and any side effects were compared at 24 h. The statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL).

Results:
Post-operative total morphine consumption at 24 h was significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the control group [5.69 (1.549) versus 9.51 (1.634) mg; P < 0.001]. Post-operative VAS scores were also significantly decreased in the intervention group at rest (P < 0.001) and on movement (P < 0.001). Patient satisfaction scores were more favourable in the intervention group [3.8 (0.4) versus 3.2 (0.6); P < 0.001]. Post-operative nausea and vomiting were found more in the control group but were not significant (n = 14 versus 8; P = 0.127).

Conclusion:
US-guided ESP block significantly reduces post-operative morphine consumption and improves analgesia and patient satisfaction without adverse effects in patients undergoing thoracolumbar spine surgery.