bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adapting to stress: The effects of hibernation and hibernacula temperature on the hepatic transcriptome of Rhinolophus pusillus
Authors: Wang Ying , Wang Xufan , Chen Yu , Du Jianying , Xiao Yanhong , Guo Dongge , Liu Sen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHibernation, a survival strategy in mammals for extreme climates, induces physiological phenomena such as ischemia–reperfusion and metabolic shifts that hold great potential for advancements in modern medicine. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms underpinning hibernation remain largely unclear. This study used RNA‐seq and Iso‐seq techniques to investigate the changes in liver transcriptome expression of Rhinolophus pusillus during hibernation and active periods, as well as under different microhabitat temperatures. We identified 11 457 differentially expressed genes during hibernation and active periods, of which 395 showed significant differential expression. Genes associated with fatty acid catabolism were significantly upregulated during hibernation, whereas genes related to carbohydrate metabolism and glycogen synthesis were downregulated. Conversely, immune‐related genes displayed differential expression patterns: genes tied to innate immunity were significantly upregulated, while those linked to adaptive immunity and inflammatory response were downregulated. The analysis of transcriptomic data obtained from different microhabitat temperatures revealed that R. pusillus exhibited an upregulation of genes associated with lipid metabolism in lower microhabitat temperature. This upregulation facilitated an enhanced utilization rate of triglyceride, ultimately resulting in increased energy provision for the organism. Additionally, R. pusillus upregulated gluconeogenesis‐related genes regardless of the microhabitat temperature, demonstrating the importance of maintaining blood glucose levels during hibernation. Our transcriptomic data reveal that these changes in liver gene expression optimize energy allocation during hibernation, suggesting that liver tissue adaptively responds to the inherent stress of its function during hibernation. This study sheds light on the role of differential gene expression in promoting more efficient energy allocation during hibernation. It contributes to our understanding of how liver tissue adapts to the stressors associated with this state.
Patellar Lateralization, Absence of Joint Hypermobility, and the Mechanism of Injury Are Associated With Osteochondral Fracture After First-time Acute Lateral Patellar Dislocation in Adolescents: An MRI-based Evaluation
Authors: İğrek Servet , Şahbat Yavuz , Koç Erdem , Çeliksöz Aytek Hüseyin , Topkar Osman Mert 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Although the risk factors for patellofemoral dislocation are clearly defined, risk factors for osteochondral fracture (OCF) after patellar dislocation are not as well defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for OCF by evaluating patients with and without OCF after first-time acute patellar dislocation.

Methods:
This multicenter study was conducted as a retrospective examination of the radiologic measurements on the magnetic resonance imaging of 306 patients. The patients were divided into the OCF group and non-OCF group, and OCFs were grouped according to whether the fracture was in the patella or femur. Patellar height, patellar lateralization, trochlear morphology, patellofemoral matching, and patella types were evaluated on patient magnetic resonance imaging. The presence of joint hypermobility in the patients was determined according to the Beighton scale score. The injury mechanisms of the patients were grouped as sports-related injuries, injuries resulting from simple falls, and injuries during daily activities.

Results:
A total of 120 OCFs were detected in 108 (35.2%) patients, of which 96 (80%) were in the patella and 24 (20%) in the femur. The rate of OCF after sports-related injuries was found to be significantly higher than in other injury mechanisms (P=0.001). More joint hypermobility was detected in patients without OCF (P=0.041). The measurements of tibial tubercle–trochlear groove, tibial tubercle–posterior cruciate ligament distance and lateral patellar displacement were statistically higher in cases with OCF (P=0.001). In patients with normal joint mobility, the rate of OCF localization in the patella was significantly higher (P=0.035). No correlation was found between any other parameters and OCF (P>0.05). The absence of joint hypermobility and the measurements of tibial tubercle–trochlear groove distance, tibial tubercle–posterior cruciate ligament distance, and lateral patellar displacement were independent risk factors for the incidence of OCF according to the logistic regression analysis.

Conclusions:
The absence of joint hypermobility and patellar lateralization are independent risk factors for the occurrence of OCF after first-time patellar dislocation. Sports-related injury is a nonindependent risk factor for the presence of OCF. In patients with normal joint mobility, the incidence of OCF in the patella is higher than in the femur. These important factors should be considered when evaluating patients and starting their treatment.

Level of Evidence:
Level III—retrospective cohort study.
Recent advances and remaining challenges in lung cancer therapy
Authors: Barr Tasha , Ma Shoubao , Li Zhixin , Yu Jianhua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Lung cancer remains the most common cause of cancer death. Given the continued research into new drugs and combination therapies, outcomes in lung cancer have been improved, and clinical benefits have been expanded to a broader patient population. However, the overall cure and survival rates for lung cancer patients remain low, especially in metastatic cases. Among the available lung cancer treatment options, such as surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and alternative therapies, immunotherapy has shown to be the most promising. The exponential progress in immuno-oncology research and recent advancements made in the field of immunotherapy will further increase the survival and quality of life for lung cancer patients. Substantial progress has been made in targeted therapies using tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibody immune checkpoint inhibitors with many US Food And Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs targeting the programmed cell death ligand-1 protein (e.g., durvalumab, atezolizumab), the programmed cell death-1 receptor (e.g., nivolumab, pembrolizumab), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (e.g., tremelimumab, ipilimumab). Cytokines, cancer vaccines, adoptive T cell therapies, and Natural killer cell mono- and combinational therapies are rapidly being studied, yet to date, there are currently none that are FDA-approved for the treatment of lung cancer. In this review, we discuss the current lung cancer therapies with an emphasis on immunotherapy, including the challenges for future research and clinical applications.
Changes in Psychotropic Drug Concentrations Across the Menstrual Cycle: A Pilot Study
Authors: Spadi Julia , Scherf-Clavel Maike , Leutritz Anna Linda , Hütz Barbara , Matentzoglu Maria , Nieberler Matthias , Kurlbaum Max , Hahner Stefanie , Bartmann Catharina , McNeill Rhiannon V. , Kittel-Schneider Sarah 
Published: February 2024

Background:
The escalating prescription of psychopharmacological medications to women of reproductive age underscores the growing significance of sex-specific variations in pharmacotherapy. Despite this, clinical trials have largely overlooked these differences. Preliminary data indicate sex-specific variations in the neurobiology of affective disorders and in the metabolism, pharmacodynamics, and kinetics of therapeutic drugs. This underscores the imperative for a more nuanced exploration of menstrual cycle–dependent fluctuations in psychotropic drugs. This pilot study aimed to investigate drug and hormone fluctuations in female patients with affective disorders, aiming to enhance comprehension of the interplay between cycle-related hormone fluctuations and pharmacokinetics. The ultimate goal is to facilitate more effective and safer pharmacological therapy in the future.

Methods:
Blood samples were collected from 27 patients and 27 age-matched control participants at 3 distinct time points (early follicular phase, ovulation, and late luteal phase) during each menstrual cycle. Depressive and manic symptoms were assessed, and hormone concentrations were measured in the entire sample, while drug concentrations were assessed solely in the affective disorder sample using mass spectrometry.

Results:
Significant variations in drug concentration were observed throughout the menstrual cycle for bupropion, with a trend toward altered concentration for venlafaxine. Moreover, notable differences in hormone concentrations were identified between patients and controls, even after accounting for the impact of contraceptive use, diagnoses, and medication.

Conclusions:
This pilot study reinforces previously reported data, underscoring the significance of sex-specific pharmacological therapy approaches. It provides further evidence supporting the interaction among sex hormones, drugs, and symptoms of affective disorders.
PRETREATED LHAM GRAFT COVERING FOR RETINAL DETACHMENT WITH POSTERIOR RETINAL BREAKS ABOVE CHORIORETINAL ATROPHY IN PATHOLOGIC MYOPIA
Authors: Lin Wei , Chen Hao , Tang Yongping , Lin Xiaoyan , Wei Yong 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
To compare the surgical results of vitrectomy with untreated or pretreated lyophilized human amniotic membrane (LhAM) grafts covering in treating retinal detachment (RD) related to posterior retinal breaks above chorioretinal atrophy (CRA) in pathologic myopia (PM).

Methods
Nineteen patients with RD related to macular hole (MH) located above macular atrophy (MA) and/or posterior paravascular retinal breaks (PRBs) located above patchy CRA in PM were included. These eyes underwent vitrectomy with untreated LhAM covering (n = 10) or perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL)-assisted pretreated LhAM covering (n = 9; grafts were pretreated in 0.125% indocyanine green and 50% hypertonic glucose solution for 15 to 20 minutes). The closure of the MH or PRBs, reattachment of the retina and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were measured postoperatively.

Results
Postoperatively, graft dislocation or shift was only found in 2 eyes (20%) in the untreated group. The closure rate of the MH or PRBs was 80% (8/10) and 100% (9/9) in the untreated group and pretreated group, respectively. The occurrence rate of excessive gliosis was 40% and 11% in the untreated group and the pretreated group, respectively. In both groups. BCVA was improved and the retinal reattachment rate was 100% at the final visit.

Conclusions
PFCL-assisted pretreated LhAM graft covering was effective in treating RD related to MH and/or PRBs situated above MA or patchy CRA in PM. This technique appeared to reduce graft dislocation or shift, promote the closures of MHs/PRBs, and reduce the occurrence of gliosis.
The Making of a Health Profession: How Chinese Medicine Became a Nationally Registered Allied Health Profession in Australia
Authors: McDonald John L , James Judy B 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In 2012, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practitioners in Australia became nationally-registered allied health professionals in three categories: acupuncturist, Chinese herbal medicine practitioner, and Chinese herbal medicine dispenser. Australia was the first Western country to introduce national registration for Chinese medicine, followed by Portugal and, recently, New Zealand. The practice of TCM in Australia can be traced back to the beginning of Chinese immigration to Australia during the Victorian Gold Rush which began in the 1850s. The process which led to national registration commenced in the early 1970s with the establishment of the first acupuncture courses.
Decades of gradual development of courses from unaccredited part-time diplomas to accredited bachelor degrees, and the development, by the profession, of national consensus on educational standards were essential elements in the process which led to registration. Professional associations, such as the Australian Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine Association Ltd (AACMA), also developed a framework of professional self-regulation, including Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, ongoing professional development requirements and Infection Control Guidelines, and provided leadership in the development of the profession.
After decades of tribalism and division within the TCM profession, the National Academic Standards Committee brought almost all stakeholders together to reach a consensus on the Australian Guidelines for Traditional Chinese Medicine Education which were published by AACMA in 2001. Professional associations also collaborated on joint submissions to the government in support of registration, which was introduced first in the state of Victoria in 2000, and subsequently became national in 2012.
Despite national registration, some barriers still remain, and professional associations continue to lobby the federal government for inclusion in Medicare, chronic disease management scheme, and Veterans Affairs.
The Transmission, Establishment and Cross-Cultural Integration of Chinese Medicine in the Mainstream Healthcare, through the Eyes of a Generation of Visionaries and Pioneers
Authors: Solos Ioannis , Buck Charles 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
It has historically been very difficult to trace the history of the westward transmission of Chinese Medicine through the accounts of its protagonists. Many of the early scholars such as Jack Worsley, Dick Van Buren, and Jo Goodman were reluctant to divulge information about the source of their knowledge, or their professional qualifications. Others, such as John Shen and Hong Yuan-bain were early 20th century immigrants who transmitted highly personalized versions of acupuncture and Chinese medicine to select disciples. Eventually, a new class of scholars appeared, including names such as Ted Kaptchuk, Peter Deadman, Nigel Wiseman, Will Morris, Peter Eckman, John McDonald, Charles Buck, and the late Giovanni Maciocia who looked for answers back in China, developed translation methodologies and terminology, compiled the main textbooks currently in use at TCM Colleges, overcame enormous scholastic adversity, developed courses and pursued the regulation and accreditation of TCM in various countries. This special issue synopsizes the path towards the global acculturation of TCM over the last 50 years, the main protagonists, the enormous accomplishments they have achieved for the profession, their philosophy, their clinical perspectives and vision for the future.
Surgical resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: a single-centre’s one decade of experience
Authors: Syaiful Ridho Ardhi , Mazni Yarman , Siagian Natan Kevin Partogu , Putranto Agi Satria , Jeo Wifanto Saditya , Rahadiani Nur , Ibrahim Febiansyah , Sihardo Lam , Marbun Vania Myralda Giamour , Lalisang Arnetta Naomi Louise , Lalisang Toar Jean Maurice 
Published: February 2024

Background and aims:
Liver cancer is the third leading cause of global cancer deaths, and hepatocellular carcinoma is its most common type. Liver resection is one of the treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aims to explore our hospital’s more than a decade of experience in liver resection for HCC patients.

Methods:
This is a retrospective cohort study on HCC patients undergoing resection from 2010 to 2021 in a tertiary-level hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. Mortality rates were explored as the primary outcome of this study. Statistical analysis was done on possible predictive factors using Pearson’s χ2. Survival analysis was done using the Log-Rank test and Cox Regression.

Results:
Ninety-one patients were included in this study. The authors found that the postoperative mortality rates were 8.8% (in hospital), 11.5% (30 days), and 24.1% (90 days). Excluding postoperative mortalities, the long-term mortality rates were 44.4% (first year), 58.7% (3 years), and 69.7% (5 years). Cumulatively, the mortality rates were 46.4% (1 year), 68.9% (3 years), 77.8% (5 years), and 67.0% (all time). Significant predictive factors for cumulative 1-year mortality include large tumour diameter [odds ratio (OR) 14.06; 95% CI: 2.59–76.35; comparing <3 cm and >10 cm tumours; P<0.01], positive resection margin (OR 2.86; 1.17–77.0; P=0.02), and tumour differentiation (P=0.01). Multivariate analysis found hazard ratios of 6.35 (2.13–18.93; P<0.01) and 1.81 (1.04–3.14; P=0.04) for tumour diameter and resection margin, respectively.

Conclusion:
The mortality rate of HCC patients undergoing resection is still very high. Significant predictive factors for mortality found in this study benefit from earlier diagnosis and treatment; thus, highlighting the importance of HCC surveillance programs.
Gut microbiota and greenness co-exposure contributed to maternal prenatal depression
Authors: Fang Qingbo , Qiu Tianlai , Liu Yanqun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
Previous studies have reported an association between depression with gut microbiota and residential greenness exposure. The aim of our study was to explore whether gut microbiota and residential greenness co-exposure contributed to maternal prenatal depression.

Methods:
We collected demographic information, stool samples, and exposure to residential greenness from 75 pregnant women in the third trimester. Participants were divided into prenatal depression group and control group according to the score of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA V3/V4 gene sequence. Residential greenness [normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)] during pregnancy was calculated using database of National Science and Technology Infrastructure of China.

Results:
There were significant differences between gut microbial composition in two groups. Phylum Patescibacteria (OR=5.34*e4, 95% CI: 1.48 - 1.92*e9, P-value=0.042) and greenness exposure (OR=0.15, 95% CI: 0.04 - 0.63, P-value=0.010) significantly contributed to prenatal depression, which indicated the protective effects of greenness exposure to prenatal depression. And Adlercreutzia (OR=1.44*e4, 95% CI: 2.70 – 7.70*e9, P-value=0.032) and greenness exposure (OR=0.39, 95% CI: 0.21 – 0.73, P-value=0.003) also significantly contributed to prenatal depression.

Conclusions:
Our study highlights that gut microbiota and greenness co-exposure during pregnancy contributed to maternal prenatal depression. Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms contributing to the co-exposure of gut microbiota and greenness associated with depression in pregnant women.
Predictive models based on machine learning for early recurrence and metastasis in postoperative patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Dong Qian , Mo Minghui , Huang Xia , Sun Xia , Jia Peipei , Wang Ting , Liu Cuiping 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
To construct and validate a prediction model based on machine learning algorithms for early recurrence and metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer after surgery.

Methods:
This study employed a prospective cohort design. A total of 498 postoperative patients with colorectal cancer, treated at an affiliated hospital of Qingdao University, were recruited using convenience sampling from June to December 2021. Data were collected during outpatient visits and hospitalizations. The risk factors for early recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer were determined through multivariate logistic regression analysis in SPSS 26.0 software. Using Python 3.7.0 software, four machine learning algorithms (logistic regression, Support Vector Machine, XGBoost, and LightGBM) were used to develop and validate prediction models for early recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer after surgery.

Results:
Of the 498 patients, 51 (10.24%) had early recurrence and metastasis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that personal traits (family history of cancer, histological type, degree of tumor differentiation, number of positive lymph nodes, and T stage), behaviour and/or lifestyle (intake of refined grains, whole grains, fish, shrimp, crab, and nuts, as well as resilience), and interpersonal networks (social support) were all associated with early recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer (P<0.05). The logistic regression prediction model showed the best prediction performance out of the four models, with an accuracy rate of 0.920, specificity of 0.982, F1 of 0.495, AUC of 0.867, Kappa of 0.056, and Brier score of 0.067.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that a prediction model based on logistic regression could accurately and scientifically predict which patients are likely to experience early recurrence and metastasis, helping to lessen the burden for both patients and the healthcare system.
Using Data-To-Care Strategies to Optimize the HIV Care Continuum in Connecticut: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Machavariani Eteri , Miceli Janet , Altice Frederick L. , Fanfair Robyn Neblett , Speers Suzanne , Nichols Lisa , Jenkins Heidi , Villanueva Merceditas 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Re-engaging people with HIV who are newly out-of-care remains challenging. Data-to-care (D2C) is a potential strategy to re-engage such individuals.

Methods:
A prospective randomized controlled trial compared a D2C strategy using a disease intervention specialist (DIS) vs standard of care where 23 HIV clinics in 3 counties in Connecticut could re-engage clients using existing methods. Using a data reconciliation process to confirm being newly out-of-care, 655 participants were randomized to DIS (N = 333) or standard of care (N = 322). HIV care continuum outcomes included re-engagement at 90 days, retention in care, and viral suppression by 12 months. Multivariable regression models were used to assess factors predictive of attaining HIV care continuum outcomes.

Results:
Participants randomized to DIS were more likely to be re-engaged at 90 days (adjusted odds ratios [aOR] = 1.42, P = 0.045). Independent predictors of re-engagement at 90 days were age older than 40 years (aOR = 1.84, P = 0.012) and perinatal HIV risk category (aOR = 3.19, P = 0.030). Predictors of retention at 12 months included re-engagement at 90 days (aOR = 10.31, P < 0.001), drug injection HIV risk category (aOR = 1.83, P = 0.032), detectable HIV-1 RNA before randomization (aOR = 0.40, P = 0.003), and county (Hartford aOR = 1.74, P = 0.049; New Haven aOR = 1.80, P = 0.030). Predictors of viral suppression included re-engagement at 90 days (aOR = 2.85, P < 0.001), retention in HIV care (aOR = 7.07, P < 0.001), and detectable HIV-1 RNA prerandomization (aOR = 0.23, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
A D2C strategy significantly improved re-engagement at 90 days. Early re-engagement improved downstream benefits along the HIV care continuum like retention in care and viral suppression at 12 months. Moreover, other factors predictive of care continuum outcomes can be used to improve D2C strategies.