bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do changes in effort-reward imbalance at work contribute to an explanation of the social gradient in angina?
Authors: Chandola T , Siegrist J , Marmot M 
Published: March 2005

Aims:To determine whether an increase in effort-reward imbalance over time increases the risk of angina, and whether such increases are associated with lower occupational position.Methods:Effort-reward imbalance (ERI) at work was measured in the Whitehall II occupational cohort of London based civil servants at baseline (1985–88) and in 1997. Coronary heart disease was measured in a self-reported health questionnaire by combining the Rose Angina Questionnaire with doctor diagnosed angina in 2001.Results:Among men, increase in ERI over time was associated with an increased risk of incident angina. Moreover, as increases in ERI were more common among lower grade civil servants, change in imbalance, to some extent, contributed to explaining the social gradient in angina. Among women, increases in imbalance were not associated with risk of angina, and therefore did not contribute to the explanation of the social gradient.Conclusions:Reductions in effort-reward imbalance at work may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease among men.
ISSR markers show differentiation among Italian populations of Asparagus acutifolius L
Authors: Sica Maria , Gamba Graziella , Montieri Stefania , Gaudio Luciano , Aceto Serena 
Published: March 2005

Abstract
Background
Asparagus acutifolius L. is a dioecious and native plant species, widely distributed in the Mediterranean Basin. It is known for its fine flavour and could represent an important resource for cultivation programs in desert areas. Few molecular studies have been performed on this species. In the present paper, the ISSR technique was employed to study genetic diversity in Italian A. acutifolius.

Results
Twenty-three primers produced a total of 228 polymorphic fragments used to evaluate genetic variation. FST (0.4561) and Theta B (0.4776) values indicate a wide genetic variation among the samples examined. The distance UPGMA tree grouped together the genotypes strictly according to their geographical origin, showing that each sample is genetically structured and can be considered a distinct population. AMOVA analysis further confirmed genetic structuring of the populations. Population-specific fragments were also detected.

Conclusion
The results suggest that ISSR markers are useful in distinguishing the populations of A. acutifolius according to geographical origin, and confirm the importance of genetic studies for designing germplasm conservation strategies.
Chicken genome analysis reveals novel genes encoding biotin-binding proteins related to avidin family
Authors: Niskanen Einari A , Hytönen Vesa P , Grapputo Alessandro , Nordlund Henri R , Kulomaa Markku S , Laitinen Olli H 
Published: March 2005

Abstract
Background
A chicken egg contains several biotin-binding proteins (BBPs), whose complete DNA and amino acid sequences are not known. In order to identify and characterise these genes and proteins we studied chicken cDNAs and genes available in the NCBI database and chicken genome database using the reported N-terminal amino acid sequences of chicken egg-yolk BBPs as search strings.

Results
Two separate hits showing significant homology for these N-terminal sequences were discovered. For one of these hits, the chromosomal location in the immediate proximity of the avidin gene family was found. Both of these hits encode proteins having high sequence similarity with avidin suggesting that chicken BBPs are paralogous to avidin family. In particular, almost all residues corresponding to biotin binding in avidin are conserved in these putative BBP proteins. One of the found DNA sequences, however, seems to encode a carboxy-terminal extension not present in avidin.

Conclusion
We describe here the predicted properties of the putative BBP genes and proteins. Our present observations link BBP genes together with avidin gene family and shed more light on the genetic arrangement and variability of this family. In addition, comparative modelling revealed the potential structural elements important for the functional and structural properties of the putative BBP proteins.
Time trends in the impact factor of Public Health journals
Authors: López-Abente Gonzalo , Muñoz-Tinoco Concha 
Published: March 2005

Abstract
Background
Journal impact factor (IF) is linked to the probability of a paper being cited and is progressively becoming incorporated into researchers' curricula vitae. Furthermore, the decision as to which journal a given study should be submitted, may well be based on the trend in the journal's overall quality. This study sought to assess time trends in journal IF in the field of public, environmental and occupational health.

Methods
We used the IFs of 80 public health journals that were registered by the Science Citation Index from 1992 through 2003 and had been listed for a minimum period of the previous 3 years. Impact factor time trends were assessed using a linear regression model, in which the dependent variable was IF and the independent variable, the year. The slope of the model and its statistical significance were taken as the indicator of annual change.

Results
The IF range for the journals covered went from 0.18 to 5.2 in 2003. Although there was no statistical association between annual change and mean IF, most of the fastest growing journals registered mean IFs in excess of 1.5, and some represented emerging areas of public health research. Graphs displaying IF trends are shown.

Conclusion
In view of the delay between the publication of IFs and that of any given paper, knowing the trend in IF is essential in order to make a correct choice of journal.
Risk factors for treatment delay in pulmonary tuberculosis in Recife, Brazil
Authors: dos Santos Martinho APS , Albuquerque Maria FPM , Ximenes Ricardo AA , Lucena-Silva Norma LCL , Braga Cynthia , Campelo Antônio RL , Dantas Odimariles MS , Montarroyos Ulisses R , Souza Wayner V , Kawasaki Alexandre M , Rodrigues Laura C 
Published: March 2005

Abstract
Background
Tuberculosis is still a great challenge to public health in Brazil and worldwide. Early detection followed by effective therapy is extremely important in controlling the disease. Recent studies have investigated reasons for delays in treatment, but there is no agreed definition of what constitutes an "acceptable" delay. This study investigates factors associated with total delay in treatment of tuberculosis.

Methods
A cohort of adult cases of pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed over a two-year period was studied. Patients were interviewed on entry, reporting the duration of symptoms before the start of treatment, and sputum and blood samples were collected. It was decided that sixty days was an acceptable total delay. Associations were investigated using univariable and multivariable analysis and the population attributable fraction was estimated.

Results
Of 1105 patients, 62% had a delay of longer than 60 days. Age, sex, alcoholism and difficulty of access were not associated with delays, but associations were found in the case of unemployment, having given up smoking, having lost weight and being treated in two of the six health districts. The proportion attributable to: not being an ex-smoker was 31%; unemployment, 18%; weight loss, 12%, and going to the two worst health districts, 25%.

Conclusion
In this urban area, delays seem to be related to unemployment and general attitudes towards health. Although they reflect the way health services are organized, delays are not associated with access to care.
Association of Interleukin‐1 Polymorphisms With Periodontal Disease
Authors: López Néstor J. , Jara Lilian , Valenzuela Carlos Y. 
Published: March 2005

Background: Several studies have investigated genetic polymorphisms for cytokines as potential genetic markers for periodontitis. Some studies have found that interleukin (IL)‐1A and IL‐1B polymorphisms are associated with a higher severity of periodontitis, while others found no association. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of the IL‐1A−889 and IL‐1B+3954 (previously described as +3953) polymorphisms in Chileans and their association with periodontitis.Methods: Subjects aged 20 to 48 were selected from people requesting dental treatment at a public health center in Santiago, Chile. A case‐control study of 330 cases of periodontitis patients and 101 healthy controls was performed. A full‐mouth periodontal examination was performed on each subject and a structured questionnaire was conducted to determine smoking habits. Cases were categorized as having initial, moderate, or severe periodontitis according to the percentage of sites with clinical attachment loss ≥3 mm. Genomic DNA was analyzed for polymorphism in the IL‐1A gene at site −889 and IL‐1B gene at site +3954 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification followed by restriction enzyme digestion and gel electrophoresis. Data were analyzed by chi square test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and by calculating odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: Demographic and socio‐economic characteristics of subjects were similar in cases and in controls. A higher frequency of heterozygous of the IL‐1A−889 was found in cases than in controls, but the difference was not significant. The heterozygous of the IL‐1B+3954 was significantly higher in cases than in controls and was associated with periodontitis (OR 3.12, 95% CI 1.59 to 6.09, P = 0.001). The homozygous for allele 1 of the IL‐1B+3954 was a protective factor for periodontitis (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.66, P = 0.001). The prevalence of positive genotype (at least one allele 2 present at each locus) was significantly higher in cases (26.06%) than in controls (9.9%) and was significantly associated with periodontitis (OR 3.21, 95% CI 1.60 to 6.44, P = 0.001), irrespective of the smoking status and periodontitis severity. Sensitivity of positive genotype was 26%, the specificity 90%, and the positive predictive value 89%.Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, the results show that individuals carrying the positive genotype have significantly greater risk for developing periodontitis. J Periodontol 2005;76:234‐243.
Effect of Partial Recording Protocols on Estimates of Prevalence of Periodontal Disease
Authors: Susin Cristiano , Kingman Albert , Albandar Jasim M. 
Published: March 2005

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the degree of underreporting in the estimates of prevalence of periodontal attachment loss due to different partial recording protocols (PRP) in epidemiological studies, and to derive a correction factor to adjust for this bias.Methods: The study sample included 1,460 dentate persons 14 to 103 years old who were examined clinically to assess the clinical attachment loss at six sites per tooth. Seven PRP based on full‐mouth or half‐mouth designs were assessed, and the bias and sensitivity in the assessment of attachment loss prevalence for these protocols were assessed.Results: All partial protocols underestimated the prevalence of attachment loss. Bias estimates for any full‐mouth PRP were smaller than those for the corresponding site‐combination PRP for the half‐mouth design. The PRP using the mesio‐buccal (MB), mid‐buccal (B), and disto‐lingual (DL) sites of teeth in all four quadrants showed the smallest bias and highest sensitivity of prevalence estimates among the seven PRP evaluated, uniformly across the range of attachment loss severity level. The three site PRP incorporating the DL site produced less bias than the three site PRP including the disto‐buccal (DB) site. There was a 3% to 12% gain in sensitivity for 2 to 5 mm attachment loss thresholds for the three site half‐mouth PRP compared with the two site MB, B half‐mouth PRP.Conclusions: The bias in the assessment of attachment loss is influenced by the partial recording design and the type and number of sites assessed, and is also influenced by the severity of attachment loss in the study population. These factors should be considered when selecting a partial recording method in large surveys. Furthermore, inflation factors designed to adjust for the bias due to the use of partial systems should be calculated and reported so that comparisons of results with other surveys are more meaningful. J Periodontol 2005;76:262‐267.
Prostaglandins E2 and F2α Enhance Differentiation of Cementoblastic Cells
Authors: Camargo P.M. , Lagos R. , Pirih F.Q.M. , Benitez A. , Nervina J.M. , Tetradis S. 
Published: March 2005

Background: The prostaglandins (PG) E2 and PGF2α are important cytokines in periodontal physiology and pathology. PGE2 and PGF2α alter cell function by binding and activating the plasmamembrane G‐protein‐coupled PG receptors. In this study, we examined the PGE2 and PGF2α effects on the immortalized cementoblastic OCCM cells.Methods: Confluent OCCM cells were treated with PGE2, PGF2α, specific activators/inhibitors of the EP prostanoid receptors, a specific activator of the FP prostanoid receptor, and direct activators/inhibitors of the protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathway. Mineral nodule formation was assessed by the von Kossa stain.Results: PGE2 and PGF2α significantly increased mineralization of OCCM cells. The EP1 and EP3 PG receptor activators 16,16‐dimethyl‐prostaglandin E2 and sulprostone, also increased mineralization. In contrast, specific activators of the EP2 or the EP2/EP3/EP4 receptors did not have any effect. Fluprostenol, a specific activator of the FP receptor, significantly increased mineralization of OCCM cells. FP and EP (1 or 3) receptors signal through activation of the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway. Indeed, phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA), a direct activator of the PKC pathway, significantly increase OCCM mineralization, while pre‐treatment of OCCM cells with the PKC inhibitor GF109203× (bisindolylmaleimide) significantly decreased mineralization.Conclusion: We conclude that PGE2 and PGF2α exert an anabolic effect on OCCM mineralization through activation of PKC signaling. J Periodontol 2005;76:303‐309.
Cognitive Symptoms of Post–COVID-19 Condition and Daily Functioning
Authors: Jaywant Abhishek , Gunning Faith M. , Oberlin Lauren E. , Santillana Mauricio , Ognyanova Katherine , Druckman James N. , Baum Matthew A. , Lazer David , Perlis Roy H. 
Published: February 2024

ImportanceThe frequent occurrence of cognitive symptoms in post–COVID-19 condition has been described, but the nature of these symptoms and their demographic and functional factors are not well characterized in generalizable populations.ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of self-reported cognitive symptoms in post–COVID-19 condition, in comparison with individuals with prior acute SARS-CoV-2 infection who did not develop post–COVID-19 condition, and their association with other individual features, including depressive symptoms and functional status.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsTwo waves of a 50-state nonprobability population-based internet survey conducted between December 22, 2022, and May 5, 2023. Participants included survey respondents aged 18 years and older.ExposurePost–COVID-19 condition, defined as self-report of symptoms attributed to COVID-19 beyond 2 months after the initial month of illness.Main Outcomes and MeasuresSeven items from the Neuro-QoL cognition battery assessing the frequency of cognitive symptoms in the past week and patient Health Questionnaire-9.ResultsThe 14 767 individuals reporting test-confirmed COVID-19 illness at least 2 months before the survey had a mean (SD) age of 44.6 (16.3) years; 568 (3.8%) were Asian, 1484 (10.0%) were Black, 1408 (9.5%) were Hispanic, and 10 811 (73.2%) were White. A total of 10 037 respondents (68.0%) were women and 4730 (32.0%) were men. Of the 1683 individuals reporting post–COVID-19 condition, 955 (56.7%) reported at least 1 cognitive symptom experienced daily, compared with 3552 of 13 084 (27.1%) of those who did not report post–COVID-19 condition. More daily cognitive symptoms were associated with a greater likelihood of reporting at least moderate interference with functioning (unadjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.31 [95% CI, 1.25-1.36]; adjusted [AOR], 1.30 [95% CI, 1.25-1.36]), lesser likelihood of full-time employment (unadjusted OR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.91-0.99]; AOR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.88-0.96]) and greater severity of depressive symptoms (unadjusted coefficient, 1.40 [95% CI, 1.29-1.51]; adjusted coefficient 1.27 [95% CI, 1.17-1.38). After including depressive symptoms in regression models, associations were also found between cognitive symptoms and at least moderate interference with everyday functioning (AOR, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.21-1.33]) and between cognitive symptoms and lower odds of full-time employment (AOR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.88-0.97]).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this survey study of US adults suggest that cognitive symptoms are common among individuals with post–COVID-19 condition and associated with greater self-reported functional impairment, lesser likelihood of full-time employment, and greater depressive symptom severity. Screening for and addressing cognitive symptoms is an important component of the public health response to post–COVID-19 condition.
Supramolecular Polymer‐Based Ionogels Enable Large‐Scale Fabrication of Stable Smart Windows with Room‐Temperature Closed‐Loop Recyclability and Self‐Healing Capability
Authors: Hong Chen , Li Bing , Zhang Junjie , Li Yang , Sun Junqi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCurrent self‐healing ionogels are unable to undergo closed‐loop recycling and are unsuitable for large‐scale fabrication, which increases their manufacturing costs and limits their practical applications. In this study, self‐healing thermochromic ionogels with room‐temperature closed‐loop recyclability and self‐healing capability are large‐scale prepared by the in situ synthesis of imine bond cross‐linked supramolecular polymers in binary ionic liquids. The resulting ionogels show excellent mechanical and environmental stability, high solar modulation capability, and long service life, which can provide spontaneous solar modulation for buildings and vehicles to reduce cooling‐related energy consumption. The temperature‐responsive hydrogen bonding between supramolecular polymers and ionic liquids influences the dissolution state of the supramolecular polymers, allowing the self‐healing thermochromic ionogels to switch between transparent and opaque states through reversible agglomeration of ILs inside the ionogels. Dynamic imine bonds enable the ionogels to spontaneously heal themselves at room temperature and to be depolymerized into monomers in an extremely high yield and purity under hydrochloric acid catalysis at room temperature. The recovered monomers can be used to re‐manufacture self‐healing thermochromic ionogels without losing their original mechanical properties or thermochromic capability. This study provides a new route for developing functional self‐healing ionogels that can be large‐scale fabricated and closed‐loop recycled.
High‐Performance 2.2 V Asymmetric Supercapacitors Achieved by Appropriate Charge Matching between Ultrahigh Mass‐Loading Mn3O4 and Sodium‐Jarosite Derived FeOOH
Authors: Xu Pengfei , Luo Shuang , Liang Jianying , Pan Die , Zou Bingsuo , Li Jien 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFor the advancement of high‐energy asymmetric supercapacitors, the breakthrough point is matching charge storage capacity and balanced electrode kinetics between the positive and negative electrodes. Herein, Mn3O4 nanosheets composed of nanoparticles are anchored on activated carbon cloth (ACC) as the positive electrode by electrodeposition. FeOOH nanoparticles derived from NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 truncated cubes serve as the negative electrode. Due to the unique sheet‐like network structure, ultrahigh mass‐loading (73.3 mg cm−2), and enhanced kinetics, the Mn3O4@ACC electrode exhibits an ultrahigh specific capacitance of 12.77 F cm−2. Besides, the FeOOH@ACC electrode with a low‐crystalline structure also exhibits a maximum specific capacitance of 17.84 F cm−2. The Na+ diffusion process, the charge storage mechanism, and the electrochemical reaction kinetics of the Mn3O4@ACC are investigated by ex situ characterization. Theoretical calculations show that Mn3O4 has metallic electronic conductivity and reveal the adsorption and diffusion mechanism of Na ions during the electrode process. The assembled aqueous Mn3O4//FeOOH asymmetric supercapacitor device successfully extends the operating voltage to 2.2 V and exhibits a high energy density of 3.75 mWh cm−2 and ultra‐long cycle life (81.6% capacity retention after 26,000 cycles). Therefore, this study provides a feasible pathway for the further development of asymmetric supercapacitors with high energy density.
Enhancing the Repair of Substantial Volumetric Muscle Loss by Creating Different Levels of Blood Vessel Networks Using Pre‐Vascularized Nerve Hydrogel Implants
Authors: Wei Shih‐Yen , Chen Po‐Yu , Tsai Min‐Chun , Hsu Ting‐Lun , Hsieh Chia‐Chang , Fan Hsiu‐Wei , Chen Tzu‐Hsuan , Xie Ren‐Hao , Chen Guan‐Yu , Chen Ying‐Chieh 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVolumetric muscle loss (VML), a severe muscle tissue loss from trauma or surgery, results in scarring, limited regeneration, and significant fibrosis, leading to lasting reductions in muscle mass and function. A promising approach for VML recovery involves restoring vascular and neural networks at the injury site, a process not extensively studied yet. Collagen hydrogels have been investigated as scaffolds for blood vessel formation due to their biocompatibility, but reconstructing blood vessels and guiding innervation at the injury site is still difficult. In this study, collagen hydrogels with varied densities of vessel‐forming cells are implanted subcutaneously in mice, generating pre‐vascularized hydrogels with diverse vessel densities (0–145 numbers/mm2) within a week. These hydrogels, after being transplanted into muscle injury sites, are assessed for muscle repair capabilities. Results showed that hydrogels with high microvessel densities, filling the wound area, effectively reconnected with host vasculature and neural networks, promoting neovascularization and muscle integration, and addressing about 63% of the VML.
Recording Quality Is Systematically Related to Electrode Impedance
Authors: Lewis Christopher M. , Boehler Christian , Liljemalm Rickard , Fries Pascal , Stieglitz Thomas , Asplund Maria 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExtracellular recordings with planar microelectrodes are the gold standard technique for recording the fast action potentials of neurons in the intact brain. The introduction of microfabrication techniques has revolutionized the in vivo recording of neuronal activity and introduced high‐density, multi‐electrode arrays that increase the spatial resolution of recordings and the number of neurons that can be simultaneously recorded. Despite these innovations, there is still debate about the ideal electrical transfer characteristics of extracellular electrodes. This uncertainty is partly due to the lack of systematic studies comparing electrodes with different characteristics, particularly for chronically implanted arrays over extended time periods. Here a high‐density, flexible, and thin‐film array is fabricated and tested, containing four distinct electrode types differing in surface material and surface topology and, thus, impedance. It is found that recording quality is strongly related to electrode impedance with signal amplitude and unit yield negatively correlated to impedance. Electrode impedances are stable for the duration of the experiment (up to 12 weeks) and recording quality does not deteriorate. The findings support the expectation from the theory that recording quality will increase as impedance decreases.