bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alzheimer's disease‐associated P460L variant of EphA1 dysregulates receptor activity and blood‐brain barrier function
Authors: Owens Helen A. , Thorburn Lauren E. , Walsby Elisabeth , Moon Owen R. , Rizkallah Pierre , Sherwani Subuhi , Tinsley Caroline L. , Rogers Louise , Cerutti Camilla , Ridley Anne J. , Williams Julie , Knäuper Vera , Ager Ann 
Published: January 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONGenome‐wide association studies link susceptibility to late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) with EphA1. Sequencing identified a non‐synonymous substitution P460L as a LOAD risk variant. Other Ephs regulate vascular permeability and immune cell recruitment. We hypothesized that P460L dysregulates EphA1 receptor activity and impacts neuroinflammation.METHODSEphA1/P460L receptor activity was assayed in isogenic Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK) cells. Soluble EphA1/P460L (sEphA1/sP460L) reverse signaling in brain endothelial cells was assessed by T‐cell recruitment and barrier function assays.RESULTSEphA1 and P460L were expressed in HEK cells, but membrane and soluble P460L were significantly reduced. Ligand engagement induced Y781 phosphorylation of EphA1 but not P460L. sEphA1 primed brain endothelial cells for increased T‐cell recruitment; however, sP460L was less effective. sEphA1 decreased the integrity of the brain endothelial barrier, while sP460L had no effect.DISCUSSIONThese findings suggest that P460L alters EphA1‐dependent forward and reverse signaling, which may impact blood‐brain barrier function in LOAD.Highlights
EphA1‐dependent reverse signaling controls recruitment of T cells by brain endothelial cells.
EphA1‐dependent reverse signaling remodels brain endothelial cell contacts.
LOAD‐associated P460L variant of EphA1 shows reduced membrane expression and reduced ligand responses.
LOAD‐associated P460L variant of EphA1 fails to reverse signal to brain endothelial cells.
Genome‐wide association studies identify novel loci in rapidly progressive Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Wang Ping , Lynn Audrey , Miskimen Kristy , Song Yeunjoo E. , Wisniewski Thomas , Cohen Mark , Appleby Brian S. , Safar Jiri G. , Haines Jonathan L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONRecent data suggest that distinct prion‐like amyloid beta and tau strains are associated with rapidly progressive Alzheimer's disease (rpAD). The role of genetic factors in rpAD is largely unknown.METHODSPreviously known AD risk loci were examined in rpAD cases. Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) were performed to identify variants that influence rpAD.RESULTSWe identified 115 pathology‐confirmed rpAD cases and 193 clinical rpAD cases, 80% and 69% were of non‐Hispanic European ancestry. Compared to the clinical cohort, pathology‐confirmed rpAD had higher frequencies of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 and rare missense variants in AD risk genes. A novel genome‐wide significant locus (P < 5×10−8) was observed for clinical rpAD on chromosome 21 (rs2832546); 102 loci showed suggestive associations with pathology‐confirmed rpAD (P < 1×10−5).DISCUSSIONrpAD constitutes an extreme subtype of AD with distinct features. GWAS found previously known and novel loci associated with rpAD.Highlights
Rapidly progressive Alzheimer's disease (rpAD) was defined with different criteria.
Whole genome sequencing identified rare missense variants in rpAD.
Novel variants were identified for clinical rpAD on chromosome 21.
Mechanobiological stimulation in organ‐on‐a‐chip systems reduces hepatic drug metabolic capacity in favor of regenerative specialization
Authors: Scheidecker Benedikt , Poulain Stéphane , Sugimoto Masahiro , Arakawa Hiroshi , Kim Soo H. , Kawanishi Takumi , Kato Yukio , Danoy Mathieu , Nishikawa Masaki , Sakai Yasuyuki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHepatic physiology depends on the liver's complex structural composition which among others, provides high oxygen supply rates, locally differential oxygen tension, endothelial paracrine signaling, as well as residual hemodynamic shear stress to resident hepatocytes. While functional improvements were shown by implementing these factors into hepatic culture systems, direct cause‐effect relationships are often not well characterized—obfuscating their individual contribution in more complex microphysiological systems. By comparing increasingly complex hepatic in vitro culture systems that gradually implement these parameters, we investigate the influence of the cellular microenvironment to overall hepatic functionality in pharmacological applications. Here, hepatocytes were modulated in terms of oxygen tension and supplementation, endothelial coculture, and exposure to fluid shear stress delineated from oxygen influx. Results from transcriptomic and metabolomic evaluation indicate that particularly oxygen supply rates are critical to enhance cellular functionality—with cellular drug metabolism remaining comparable to physiological conditions after prolonged static culture. Endothelial signaling was found to be a major contributor to differential phenotype formation known as metabolic zonation, indicated by WNT pathway activity. Lastly, oxygen‐delineated shear stress was identified to direct cellular fate towards increased hepatic plasticity and regenerative phenotypes at the cost of drug metabolic functionality – in line with regenerative effects observed in vivo. With these results, we provide a systematic evaluation of critical parameters and their impact in hepatic systems. Given their adherence to physiological effects in vivo, this highlights the importance of their implementation in biomimetic devices, such as organ‐on‐a‐chip systems. Considering recent advances in basic liver biology, direct translation of physiological structures into in vitro models is a promising strategy to expand the capabilities of pharmacological models.
Facile microwave‐assisted synthesis of Ce‐doped Bi2O3 for efficient hybrid supercapacitors
Authors: Tao Xin , Wei Mingqi , Yu Lianghao , Zhuang Bocheng , Zhang Linlin , Zhu Ruilin , Zhao Guangzhen , Han Lu , Zhu Yuanyuan , Jin Huile , Zhu Guang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBismuth trioxide (BT) is considered a fascinating anode material for hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs) due to its high theoretical capacity, but the low conductivity limits further applications. With this in mind, Ce‐doped Bi2O3 (Ce‐BT) nanoflower spheres were synthesized by a facile and rapid microwave‐assisted solvothermal method for HSCs anode materials. It is found that the morphology of BT could be controlled by Ce doping from stacked nanosheets to well‐dispersed nanoflowers spheres and producing abundant amorphous regions, thus expediting the ion transport rate. Consequently, when the added Bi to Ce molar ratio is 40:1 (Ce‐BT‐40), it exhibited a specific capacity of 220 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1. Additionally, when fabricating HSCs with as‐prepared Ce‐BT‐40 and CeNiCo‐LDH, an energy density of 59.1 Wh kg−1 is provided at a power density of 652 W kg−1. This work not only reveals the mechanism of the effect of Ce doping on the electrochemical properties of BTs, but also proposes a rapid synthesis method of Ce‐BTs by microwave‐assisted solvent method, which provides new insights for building advanced HSCs with high energy density and low cost.
Blended learning in the engineering field: A systematic literature review
Authors: Sala Roberto , Maffei Antonio , Pirola Fabiana , Enoksson Fredrik , Ljubić Sandi , Skoki Arian , Zammit Joseph P. , Bonello Amberlynn , Podržaj Primož , Žužek Tena , Priarone Paolo C. , Antonelli Dario , Pezzotta Giuditta 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBlended Learning (BL) is defined as a combination of face‐to‐face and digital activities that, in recent years, has been adopted more and more frequently by Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs). In the engineering field, the adoption of BL allows creating challenging situations for students with industry‐like problems to foster the acquisition of advanced problem‐solving skills. Thus, it can be used to enhance traditional learning by enriching it with new aspects, allowing to update the Intended Learning Outcomes traditionally defined by teachers. Although prior coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) teachers had the time to prepare and programme the transition to BL, during the pandemic they had to abruptly move to the full digital delivery of the content, requiring technological and organizational adaptation, as well as change in the content teaching and assessment methods. Through a systematic literature review, this paper aims to understand how BL has been implemented in the engineering field by HEIs, discussing if and how the learning expectations of teachers (evaluated through Bloom's Taxonomy) change when using different mixes of face‐to‐face and digital activities and when the target audience changes. More specifically, the investigation addresses how content and learning expectations are split and set in face‐to‐face and digital settings. Additionally, the interest is towards understanding how COVID‐19 impacted the adoption of BL, not only during the pandemic but also after.
Streamlining search methods to update evidence and gap maps: A case study using intergenerational interventions
Authors: Rogers Morwenna , Sutton Anthea , Campbell Fiona , Whear Rebecca , Bethel Alison , Coon Jo Thompson 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundEvidence and Gap Maps (EGMs) should be regularly updated. Running update searches to find new studies for EGMs can be a time‐consuming process. Search Summary Tables (SSTs) can help streamline searches by identifying which resources were most lucrative for identifying relevant articles, and which were redundant. The aim of this study was to use an SST to streamline search methods for an EGM of studies about intergenerational activities.MethodsTo produce the EGM, 15 databases were searched. 8638 records were screened and 500 studies were included in the final EGM. Using an SST, we determined which databases and search methods were the most efficient in terms of sensitivity and specificity for finding the included studies. We also investigated whether any database performed particularly well for returning particular study types. For the best performing databases we analysed the search terms used to streamline the strategies.ResultsNo single database returned all of the studies included in the EGM. Out of 500 studies PsycINFO returned 40% (n = 202), CINAHL 39% (n = 194), Ageline 25% (n = 174), MEDLINE 23% (n = 117), ERIC 20% (n = 100) and Embase 19% (n = 98). HMIC database and Conference Proceedings Citation Index‐Science via Web of Science returned no studies that were included in the EGM. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) returned the highest number of unique studies (n = 42), followed by ERIC (n = 33) and Ageline (n = 29). Ageline returned the most randomised controlled trials (42%) followed by CINAHL (34%), MEDLINE (29%) and CENTRAL (29%). CINAHL, Ageline, MEDLINE and PsycINFO performed the best for locating systematic reviews. (62%, 46% and 42% respectively). CINAHL, PsycINFO and Ageline performed best for qualitative studies (41%, 40% and 34%). The Journal of Intergenerational Relationships returned more included studies than any other journal (16%). No combinations of search terms were found to be better in terms of balancing specificity and sensitivity than the original search strategies. However, strategies could be reduced considerably in terms of length without losing key, unique studies.ConclusionUsing SSTs we have developed a method for streamlining update searches for an EGM about intergenerational activities. For future updates we recommend that MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ERIC, Ageline, CINAHL and PQDT are searched. These searches should be supplemented by hand‐searching the Journal of Intergenerational Relationships and carrying out backwards citation chasing on new systematic reviews. Using SSTs to analyse database efficiency could be a useful method to help streamline search updates for other EGMs.
Obesogenic environments as major determinants of a disease: It is time to re‐shape our cities
Authors: Verde Ludovica , Barrea Luigi , Bowman‐Busato Jacqueline , Yumuk Volkan Demirhan , Colao Annamaria , Muscogiuri Giovanna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObesity rates are increasing in almost all high‐ and low‐income countries, and population‐based approaches are necessary to reverse this trend. The current global efforts are focused on identifying the root causes of obesity and developing effective methods for early diagnosis, screening, treatment, and long‐term management, both at an individual and health system level. However, there is a relative lack of effective options for early diagnosis, treatment, and long‐term management, which means that population‐based strategies are also needed. These strategies involve conceptual shifts towards community‐ and environment‐focused approaches. This review aimed to provide evidence on how environmental factors contribute to the risk of obesity and how reshaping cities can help slow down obesity prevalence rates and improve long‐term management.
Poor self‐rated health is associated with faster cognitive decline and greater small vessel disease in older adults with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ramsingh Nadia , Lin Hung‐Mo , Ouyang Yuxia , Ravona‐Springer Ramit , Livny Abigail , Soleimani Laili , Bendlin Barbara B. , Meir Mery Ben , Heymann Anthony , Sano Mary , Azuri Joseph , Beeri Michal Schnaider 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveSelf‐rated health (SRH) is a predictor for poor health outcomes and cognition. Older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) have multi‐morbidity and greater cognitive impairment. In the present study we investigated the association of SRH with cognitive decline and brain pathology in older adults with T2D.MethodsParticipants (n = 1122) were from the Israel Diabetes and Cognitive Decline study, and SRH was categorised as low (n = 202), moderate (n = 400) or high (n = 520). Cognition was measured by four cognitive domains: episodic memory, executive functions, language, and attention/working memory. Global cognition was the average of the cognitive domains. Statistical models adjusted for sociodemographic, cardiovascular, and clinical variables. In a randomly selected subsample (n = 230) that had magnetic resonance imaging, we examined relationships between baseline SRH and brain characteristics (white matter hyperintensities [WMHs], hippocampal, and total grey matter [GM] volumes).ResultsLow SRH was associated with a decline in executive functions, which accelerated over time when compared to high SRH (est = −0.0036; p = <0.001). Compared to high SRH, low SRH was associated with a faster decline in global cognition (est = −0.0024; p = 0.009). Low SRH at baseline was associated with higher volumes of WMHs (est = 9.8420; p < 0.0008). SRH was not associated with other cognitive domains, or with hippocampal and total GM.ConclusionsLow SRH is associated with cognitive decline in T2D older adults and may serve as a risk assessment. WMHs may represent an underlying mechanism.
Type 2 diabetes metabolomics score and risk of progression to type 2 diabetes among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tobias Deirdre K. , Hamaya Rikuta , Clish Clary B. , Liang Liming , Deik Amy , Dennis Courtney , Bullock Kevin , Zhang Cuilin , Hu Frank B. , Manson JoAnn E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundSeveral metabolites are individually related to incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. We prospectively evaluated a novel T2D‐metabolite pattern with a risk of progression to T2D among high‐risk women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).MethodsThe longitudinal Nurses' Health Study II cohort enroled 116,429 women in 1989 and collected blood samples from 1996 to 1999. We profiled plasma metabolites in 175 incident T2D cases and 175 age‐matched controls, all with a history of GDM before the blood draw. We derived a metabolomics score from 21 metabolites previously associated with incident T2D in the published literature by scoring according to the participants' quintile (1–5 points) of each metabolite. We modelled the T2D metabolomics score categorically in quartiles and continuously per 1 standard deviation (SD) with the risk of incident T2D using conditional logistic regression models adjusting for body mass index at the blood draw, and other established T2D risk factors.ResultsThe percentage of women progressing to T2D ranged from 10% in the bottom T2D metabolomics score quartile to 78% in the highest score quartile. Adjusting for established T2D risk factors, women in the highest quartile had more than a 20‐fold greater diabetes risk than women in the lowest quartile (odds ratios [OR] = 23.1 [95% CI = 8.6, 62.1]; p for trend<0.001). The continuous T2D metabolomics score was strongly and positively associated with incident T2D (adjusted OR = 2.7 per SD [95% CI = 1.9, 3.7], p < 0.0001).ConclusionsA pattern of plasma metabolites among high‐risk women is associated with a markedly elevated risk of progression to T2D later in life.
Researching Attitude–Identity Dynamics to Understand Social Conflict and Change
Authors: Lüders Adrian , Quayle Mike , Maher Paul , Bliuc Ana‐Maria , MacCarron Pádraig 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSocieties undergo constant change, manifested in various ways such as technological developments, economic transitions, reorganization of cultural values and beliefs, or changes in social structures. Individuals play an active role in shaping social and societal change by interactively negotiating its manifestation. However, this shaping of change is seldom harmonious; instead, it is often characterized by dissent and conflict. This special section gathers a collection of articles concerned with the role of attitude–identity dynamics in contexts of contemporary conflict and change. The corpus of research that builds this special section describes mutual impacts of attitudes and identities, explores different actors in social debates and covers a wide range of both established and innovative research methodology. This introduction summarizes and synthesizes the various contributions and offers insights into future research directions.
Effect of PCM and nano‐embedded PCM on the solar pond performance as sensible heat storage: An experimental approach
Authors: Singh Ajay Pratap , Tiwari Sumit , Pal Ghanshyam 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA solar pond is an environment‐friendly system for storing thermal energy. Solar ponds can balance the energy supply and demand when incorporated with PCM. Solar thermal energy can be stored inside the solar pond and used for solar drying, desalination, and power production. The present study reports the heat change in the solar pond with or without PCM and nanoparticles. From the literature, it was found that handling phase change material is difficult, and added nanomaterials are used to settle with time, which reduces the efficacy of the system. The novelty of present study is to examine the performance of nanoparticle‐embedded paraffin the sensible energy storage in the solar pond. The experiment has been performed, and results have been investigated/compared for four cases, namely, (i) solar pond, (ii) solar pond with heat storage (ie, paraffin wax [PW]), (iii) solar pond with aluminum oxide () mixed PW, and (iv) solar pond with copper oxide (CuO) mixed PW. The results show that with the addition of 1% and 2%, and CuO in PW, the thermal conductivity is increased by 2.94%, 5.92%, 2.99%, and 6.01%, respectively, compared to basic paraffin wax. It can be observed from the results that with the inclusion of CuO in paraffin wax solar pond temperature was high during non‐sunshine hours compared to other solar ponds. The results also show that sensible energy without heat storage material is negligible during non‐sunshine hours compared to heat storage and nanoparticle‐embedded heat storage solar ponds. Incorporating CuO in paraffin wax showed significant potential to store heat energy.
Peer groups, academic achievement and the behaviour of elementary school‐aged children: A strength‐based perspective
Authors: Rytioja Marleene , Lappalainen Kristiina , Savolainen Hannu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine how the members of children's peer groups resemble each other in terms of behavioural and emotional strengths, academic achievement and behaviour at school. The participants were 739 9‐ to 10‐year‐old children (354 boys, 385 girls) from 30 Finnish elementary schools. 431 children (241 girls, 190 boys) were part of peer groups. Less than 5% of participants were other than Finnish origin. The children self‐assessed their behavioural and emotional strengths, and teachers evaluated the children's academic achievement and behaviour at school. Children also filled the sociometric questionnaire and sociograms were drawn to identify peer groups. Standardized beta values of regression analyses were used as indicators of effect sizes. The results showed that when observed as a strength, children's school functioning was positively linked to both academic achievement and behaviour at school. The intraclass correlations (ICC) revealed that members of peer groups resembled each other in terms of behavioural strengths, and behaviour at school, but not in academic achievement. The gender composition of peer groups explained the variance in behaviour at school between peer groups. The results of this study highlight the importance to consider children's peer group also when implementing behavioural interventions.
Development and assessment of educational materials for spinal muscular atrophy carrier screening in the Plain community
Authors: Eichten Carly , Kuhl Ashley , Baker Mei , Kwon Jennifer M. , Seroogy Christine M. , Williams Katie B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) has been reported in both Amish and Mennonite (Plain) communities, and a higher incidence has been observed in certain Mennonite communities compared to the general population. There are several therapies for SMA, but all are most effective in pre‐symptomatic newborns. To identify couples from the Wisconsin Plain community who are most likely to have a child with SMA, carrier screening is offered via mailed kits with at‐home specimen collection. Our survey data about Plain families' perspectives on genetic testing suggest educational materials are needed for individuals providing informed consent with at‐home specimen collection. We therefore developed a Plain population‐specific educational trifold brochure about SMA carrier screening by incorporating existing medical education strategies and feedback from Plain community members and their health care providers. Along with the brochure, surveys were included in the kits to assess baseline knowledge about SMA carrier screening (“pre‐education”) as well as improvement in knowledge after reviewing the brochure and cultural appropriateness of the brochure (“post‐education”). Fifty‐five testing kits were distributed, and 26 survey pairs (pre‐ and post‐education) were returned and analyzed (response rate 47%). Respondents had high baseline knowledge with an average of 5 of 7 questions (71%) answered correctly on the pre‐education survey. Knowledge improved after reviewing the brochure as the average score increased to 6.5 of 7 questions (93%) answered correctly. Questions about risks of having an affected child after positive or negative carrier screening showed the most improvement from the pre‐education to post‐education surveys. Most respondents indicated the brochure was helpful, was easy to understand, and contained the right amount of information. Overall, incorporating elements of existing medical education strategies with feedback from the target population and stakeholders about appropriate language seems to be an effective method for creating beneficial, culturally responsive educational materials for the Plain population.
A proof of Frankl–Kupavskii's conjecture on edge‐union condition
Authors: Lu Hongliang , Zhang Xuechun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA 3‐graph is if for any edges , . Frankl and Kupavskii proposed the following conjecture: For any 3‐graph with vertices, if is , then
In this paper, we confirm Frankl and Kupavskii's conjecture.