bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of negative mood induction and impulsivity on self‐perceived emotional eating
Authors: Bekker Marrie H.J. , van de Meerendonk Carola , Mollerus Jessica 
Published: November 2004

AbstractObjectiveThe current study investigates the influence of negative mood induction and impulsivity on self‐perceptions with respect to emotional eating. Negative affect as well as high impulsivity was expected to increase levels of self‐perceived emotional eating.MethodCollege students who were high versus low in impulsivity were assigned randomly to either a negative (failure on a quiz) or a neutral mood induction. Their levels of self‐perceived emotional eating were measured after and before mood induction.ResultsNegative affect appeared to enhance the level of self‐perceived emotional eating significantly (p < .01). There was no statistically significant effect of impulsivity. The interaction effect of affect and impulsivity approached significance (p = .08), indicating that highly impulsive subjects compared with subjects low in impulsivity were more strongly influenced by negative affect in self‐perceived emotional eating.DiscussionNegative affect substantially influences self‐perceptions in terms of emotional eating, which is relevant for both prevention and treatment. © 2004 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 36: 461–469, 2004.
Risk factors for body dissatisfaction in adolescent boys and girls: A prospective study
Authors: Presnell Katherine , Bearman Sarah Kate , Stice Eric 
Published: November 2004

AbstractObjectiveDespite evidence that body dissatisfaction predicts the onset of eating pathology and depression, few prospective studies have investigated predictors of body dissatisfaction.MethodWe examined risk factors for body dissatisfaction using prospective data from 531 adolescent boys and girls.ResultsElevations in body mass, negative affect, and perceived pressure to be thin from peers, but not thin‐ideal internalization, social support deficits, or perceived pressure to be thin from family, dating partners, or media, predicted increases in body dissatisfaction. Gender moderated the effect of body mass on body dissatisfaction and revealed a significant quadratic component for boys, but not girls. Gender also moderated negative affect.DiscussionResults support the assertion that certain sociocultural, biologic, and interpersonal factors increase the risk for body dissatisfaction, but differ for boys and girls. Results provided little support for other accepted risk factors for body dissatisfaction. © 2004 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 36: 389–401, 2004.
Binge eating and satiety in bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder: Effects of macronutrient intake
Authors: Latner Janet D. , Wilson G. Terence 
Published: November 2004

AbstractObjectiveThe current study tested the hypothesis that supplemental dietary protein would reduce binge eating frequency and test meal intake in women with bulimia nervosa (BN) or binge eating disorder (BED).MethodEighteen women with BN or BED ingested high‐carbohydrate or high‐protein supplements (280 kcal) three times daily over two 2‐week periods. On the morning after each period, participants were given a high‐protein or high‐carbohydrate supplement (420 kcal) 3 hr before an ad libitum meal.ResultsBinge eating episodes occurred less frequently during protein supplementation (1.12 episodes per week) than during carbohydrate supplementation (2.94 episodes per week) or baseline (3.01 episodes per week). Participants reported less hunger and greater fullness, and consumed less food at test meals, after protein than after carbohydrate (673 vs. 856 kcal).DiscussionAdding protein to the diets of women with BN and BED reduced food intake and binge eating over a 2‐week period. These findings may have implications for the longer‐term treatment of these disorders. © 2004 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 36: 402–415, 2004.
Green manufacturing process of chromium compounds
Authors: Zhang Yi , Li Zuo‐Hu , Qi Tao , Zheng Shi‐Li , Li Hui‐Quan , Xu Hong‐Bin 
Published: November 2004

AbstractChromium compounds are important basic chemicals essential to many industries. In the traditional process for manufacturing these compounds, the utilization efficiency of resources and energy is quite low. Large amounts of chromium‐containing toxic solid wastes and exhaust gas are discharged, resulting in serious pollution problems. A green manufacturing process of chromium compounds has been developed by the Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, China. With the design objective of eliminating pollution at the source, this green process achieves higher resource utilization efficiency and zero emissions of chromium‐containing waste residue by alteration of process chemistry, change of reactor and operation, regeneration and recycle of reaction media, and comprehensive use of resources. By use of the green process, a demonstration plant with an annual production capability of 10,000 tons has been built and operated in Henan Province, China. The green process exhibits a promising prospect for the industrial production of chromium compounds. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2004
Nutrient limitations during the biofiltration of methyl isoamyl ketone
Authors: Son Hyun‐Keun , Striebig Bradley A. , Regan Ramond W. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractWith biofiltration, both organic and inorganic compounds that are toxic to humans and volatile organic compounds from a variety of industrial and public sector sources have been effectively removed. During the initial stage of the acclimation period, the removal capacity of the biofilter is primarily attributed to the adsorption capacity of the media. The adsorption capacity of different types of biofilter media was studied. MIAK (methyl isoamyl ketone), which is one of the major air pollutants in painting operations, was used as the target air pollutant for the biofiltration experiments. All the materials tested exhibited very poor adsorption capacity for MIAK. The effect of nutrient limitation was also evaluated. A gradual decrease of removal capacity was observed under the nutrient‐limited environment. When nutrient was provided to the biofilter, the removal capacity increased from 55 to 93% in 3 days. A nutrient ratio of chemical oxygen demand (COD):N:P = 200:4:1 was sufficient for the removal of volatile organic compounds from the polluted air stream. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2004
Anaerobic treatment of waste beer
Authors: Li Pengjie , Mulligan Catherine N. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractThis research study focused on the biotreatability of waste beer in an anaerobic environment. A comparison of two bioreactors, ASBR (anaerobic sequencing batch reactor) and UASB (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket) reactors, was performed. The experiments were carried out in the two reactors under identical conditions at room temperature and 35° C under organic loading rates (OLRs) from 2 to 20 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD) m−3 day−1. The results show that the performance in the ASBR was better than that in the UASB reactor without a recirculation system at the two temperatures under all organic loading levels. In the ASBR, soluble COD reductions of 95 to 57% and 93 to 70% were obtained as the OLR increased from 2 to 20 kg COD m−3 day−1 at room temperature and 35° C, respectively. In the UASB reactor without a recirculation system, the soluble COD reduction was 78 to 49% and 80 to 65% under the same increase in OLR as the ASBR at room temperature and 35° C, respectively. Methane production was measured in the ASBR at both temperatures. Results for methane production were close to the expected yields of 0.39 m3/kg COD removed for an OLR of 2 to 6 kg COD m−3 day−1, and lower than the expected values for an OLR of 8 to 20 kg COD m−3 day−1. Therefore, anaerobic treatment of beer is sustainable by both reactors if the organic load is limited to 6 kg COD m−3 day−1. 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2004
The failure of eco‐efficiency to guarantee sustainability: Future challenges for industrial ecology
Authors: Huesemann Michael H. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractWestern industrialized societies are inherently unsustainable in their present form because they depend almost exclusively on a finite supply of nonrenewable minerals and fossil fuels. In addition, the resulting wastes cause various environmental problems ranging from widespread ecosystem disruptions to global warming. The most common response to these problems has been to promote technological improvements in eco‐efficiency, which Welford defined as “adding maximum value with minimum resource use and minimum pollution.” Although constructive, improvements in eco‐efficiency alone will not guarantee sustainability of industrialized societies because the limited supplies of nonrenewable minerals cannot be extended indefinitely by recycling and substitution, and a transition to renewable and nuclear energy sources would result in significant negative environmental impacts, particularly if deployed on a large scale. In addition, according to the second law of thermodynamics, industrial production technologies have inherently unavoidable environmental impacts. Finally, any hard‐won improvements in eco‐efficiency will soon be negated if growth in population and consumption is allowed to continue. Consequently, long‐term industrial sustainability can be achieved only through a transition to a steady‐state economy where the total throughput of matter–energy is kept at a constant and sustainable level. This requires not only improvements in eco‐efficiency but also a reassessment of fundamental societal values that erroneously equate material consumption and economic growth with well‐being and happiness. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2004
Heterogeneity of CD80 gene transcription by human keratinocytes to allergens and irritants: relevance to allergic contact dermatitis in vivo
Authors: Wakem Paul , Ramirez Francisco , Zlotnick David , Gaspari Anthony A. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractUsing an in vitro assay for CD80 promoter activity, the transcriptional response of primary cultured human keratinocytes from different donors in response to allergens and irritants was studied. The CD80 promoter activity was increased reproducibly after exposure to certain chemicals. The epithelial cell lines HeLa and HaCaT also increased CD80 transcriptional activity in response to exposure to a panel of different allergens and irritants. Normal or immortalized keratinocytes responded reproducibly with a unique pattern to a panel of chemicals in which the culture increases CD80 transcription after exposure to certain chemicals and has no increase in CD80 transcription after exposure to other chemicals. Some keratinocyte cultures responded positively to certain chemicals whereas others did not respond to the same chemicals. Cultured keratinocytes from 16 of 20 adult donors (80%) responded to nitrochlorobenzene in vitro by increasing CD80 transcriptional activity, thus predicting subsequent sensitization to this same hapten (χ2 = 7.2, P < 0.0073). Thus, a keratinocyte CD80 gene expression assay exhibits good sensitivity in predicting allergic contact dermatitis for sensitizers such as dinitrochlorobenzene. These data suggest that there is a rationale for developing the use of gene‐transcription‐based predictive assays to identify individual susceptibility to cutaneous reactivity after exposure to allergens and irritants. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acetylcholine and choline effects on erythrocyte nitrite and nitrate levels
Authors: Carvalho Filomena A. , Mesquita Rui , Martins‐Silva João , Saldanha Carlota 
Published: November 2004

AbstractAcetylcholine has been detected in human blood. Acetylcholine receptors and acetylcholinesterase are present in erythrocyte membranes. We tested the acetylcholine and choline effects on nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), namely nitrites and nitrates, and observed if they are dependent on interactions with muscarinic receptors and acetylcholinesterase. Human erythrocyte suspensions were incubated with acetylcholine and choline in the absence or presence of 10 µM atropine or 10 µM velnacrine maleate. The nitrite and nitrate concentrations were determined by the Griess method. Acetylcholine or choline increased NOx control concentrations (P < 0.001). The nitrite concentrations decreased in the presence of atropine or velnacrine maleate (P < 0.03). The nitrate concentrations only decreased when velnacrine maleate was incubated with acetylcholine or choline (10 µM, P < 0.03). These results demonstrated that acetylcholine and choline modulate nitric oxide metabolites on erythrocytes and this effect is mediated by interactions with erythrocyte membrane muscarinic receptors and membrane enzyme acetylcholinesterase. A hypothesis for the signal transduction mechanism has been discussed for acetylcholinesterase and muscarinic receptor (M1) participation. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inhalation toxicity in mice exposed to sarin (GB) for 20–720 min
Authors: Bide R. W. , Risk D. J. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractMost of the historical data for the toxicity of sarin (GB) was collected for exposure times of <10 min in attempts to establish the utility of and defence against this agent in offensive military use. However, information concerning the toxicity of GB (and other nerve agents) from longer exposures of 1–12 h is critical for all personnel who must work in or close to low‐level concentrations of chemical for extended periods and for all personnel, dressed in Individual Protective Equipment, who need to know when, and if, it is safe to take off these cumbersome garments.The data presented for the toxicity of GB to mice for whole‐body exposures of 20 min to 12 h are intended to form part of an ongoing, multi‐species effort aimed at establishing toxicity estimates for humans for these longer exposure times: lct50 values of 430, 540, 900, 1210 and 2210 mg·min m−3 or lc50 values of 21.5, 9.0, 5.0, 3.4 and 3.1 mg m−3 were obtained for mice for 20‐, 60‐, 180‐, 360‐ and 720‐min exposures to GB, respectively. The data for longer exposures do not follow Haber's rule (lct50 = CT). The 20‐ and 60‐min data ﬁt the ‘toxic load model’ involving CnT that was established previously from historical data for 0.17–30 min GB exposures to mice. The lct50 and lc50 values for 3, 6 and 12 h are progressively higher (toxicity lower) than predicted by either Haber's rule or the toxic load model. Copyright © 2004 Crown in the right of Canada. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relative difference sets in semidirect products with an amalgamated subgroup
Authors: Galati John C. , LeBel Alain C. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractWe call a group G with subgroups G1, G2 such that G = G1G2 and both N = G1 ∩ G2 and G1 are normal in G a semidirect product with amalgamated subgroup N. We show that if Gl is a group with Nl ⊲ Gl containing a relative $({m_l},n,{m_l},{{m_l}\over{n}})$‐difference set relative to Nl for l = 1,2, and if there exists a “compatible coupling” from (G2, N2) to (G1, N1), a notion introduced in the paper, then for any i,j ∈ ℕ there exists at least one semidirect product with amalgamated subgroup N ≅ N1 ≅ N2 containing a relative $(m_1^im_2^j,n, m_1^im_2^j, {{m_1^im_2^j}\over {n}})$‐difference set. We say “at least one” to emphasize that the proof is via recursive construction and that different groups may be obtained depending on the choices made at different stages of the recursion. A special case of this result shows that if K is any finite group containing a normal relative ${(m,n,m,}{{m}\over {n}})$‐difference set, then there exists, for each i ∈ ℕ, at least one semidirect product with amalgamated subgroup N containing a relative $({m^i},n,{m^i},{{m_i}\over {n}})$‐difference set. These results suggest that the class of semidirect products with an amalgamated subgroup provides a rich source of new (non‐abelian) semiregular relative difference sets. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Existence of large sets of disjoint group‐divisible designs with block size three and type 2n41
Authors: Ji L. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractLarge sets of disjoint group‐divisible designs with block size three and type 2n41 (denoted by LS (2n41)) were first studied by Schellenberg and Stinson and motivated by their connection with perfect threshold schemes. It is known that such large sets can exist only for n ≡ 0 (mod 3) and do exist for any n ∉  {12, 36, 48, 144} ∪ {m > 6 : m ≡  6,30 (mod 36)}. In this paper, we show that an LS (212k + 641) exists for any k ≠ 2. So, the existence of LS (2n41) is almost solved with five possible exceptions n ∈ {12, 30, 36, 48, 144}. This solution is based on the known existence results of S (3, 4, v)s by Hanani and special S (3, {4, 6}, 6m)s by Mills. Partitionable H (q, 2, 3, 3) frames also play an important role together with a special known LS (21841) with a subdesign LS (2641). © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Toward a consilient science of psychology
Authors: Rand Kevin L. , Ilardi Stephen S. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFrom its inception, psychology has been characterized by conceptual fragmentation and slow scientific progress (Henriques, 2004; Meehl, 1978). In contrast, the natural sciences have achieved in recent decades a remarkable degree ofconsilience—the linking of fact, theory, and method across disciplines (and subdisciplines) and across nested levels of informational complexity (Wilson, 1998). Although such consilience serves as a potent catalyst of scientific discovery, there exists several barriers to the emergence of a consilient science of psychology (e.g., the persistent influence of dualism, longstanding internecine discord, resistance to perceived reductionism, etc.). We discuss the manner in which the development of metatheoretical frameworks (including Henriques' Tree of Knowledge model) may play an important role in addressing such barriers. Likewise, we describe the hybrid interdisciplinary domain ofcognitive neuroscience, which provides an empirically testable metatheory and a promising consilient bridge between psychology and the natural sciences. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol.
Testing the limits of Henriques' proposal: Wittgensteinian lessons and hermeneutic dialogue
Authors: Slife Brent 
Published: November 2004

AbstractThe limits of Henriques' “overarching conceptions” approach to defining psychology is first tested by comparing and contrasting his conceptions to two burgeoning movements within psychology: qualitative research and spiritual therapy strategies. These movements were selected because they represent many other fragments of a fragmented psychology that could fall outside Henriques' disciplinary matrix. This comparison reveals how the broader discipline of psychology resists propositional definitions, such as Henriques' proposal. As the later work of Wittgenstein (1958) reveals, one cannot unite the various language games of a discipline's discourse communities through common overarching features. Next, another approach to unification and definition is outlined—hermeneutic dialogue. Unlike an overarching framework, hermeneutic dialogue does not require “joint points.” In fact, it assumes that the richness and vitality of a discipline can be drained away by such “unifying” principles. Instead, hermeneutic dialogue is a way of relating and unifying while preserving the integrity and identity of even incommensurable factions within a discipline. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol.
Light emitting diodes and an infrared bulb as light sources of a fixed‐film tubular photobioreactor for conversion of hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur
Authors: Syed Murtuza A , Henshaw Paul F 
Published: November 2004

AbstractThe effect of light quality on the performance a fixed‐film continuous‐flow photobioreactor for removal of hydrogen sulfide from synthetic industrial wastewater and conversion of it to elemental sulfur was investigated. Sixteen 150 mm long and 1.6 mm internal diameter (id) Tygon tubes formed the active part of the reactor. At the same light intensity, reactor performance in terms of optimal sulfide loading rates was compared between an infrared bulb and light emitting diodes (LEDs). The LEDs provided light within the peak absorption wavelength range of green sulfur bacteria (GSB) and were used as a light source for the GSB with the goal of reducing the cost of the required light. Though the reactor sustained higher sulfide loading rates using LEDs than when using an infrared bulb at equal light intensities, the infrared bulb has the potential to be more efficient overall. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Sonography of the thoracic and abdominal walls
Authors: Meuwly Jean‐Yves , Gudinchet François 
Published: November 2004

AbstractPathologic processes that may involve the thoracic or abdominal wall occasionally raise diagnostic challenges because of the low specificity of physical findings. Congenital and developmental anomalies may mimic soft‐tissue or bone tumors; tumors may mimic inflammatory and infectious diseases, and vice versa. Furthermore, these disorders may produce remote manifestations that are frequently misdiagnosed as visceral pain. Many of these parietal processes have typical sonographic appearances that allow definitive diagnosis. This article reviews characteristic sonographic appearances of thoracic and abdominal wall disorders. Familiarity with these sonographic features facilitates accurate diagnosis and optimal patient treatment. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 32:500–510, 2004