bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical properties and oxidation corrosion resistance of phosphate ceramic coating enhanced by SiO2‐BNNSs material
Authors: Wei Wentao , Wang Quanlong , Wu Meiping , Ma Chenglong , Miao Xiaojin , Wang Yiyao , Wang Jianyu , Zhou Wen , Wang Chenyu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA method of preparing SiO2‐BNNSs hybrid material by surface modification of boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) with SiO2 was proposed to improve the dispersion of BNNSs in the coatings. Then, phosphate ceramic coatings with BNNSs and SiO2‐BNNSs were prepared on stainless steel (304) by spraying. Characterization of BNNSs and SiO2‐BNNSs by X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform‐infrared, Raman, and scanning electron microscopy proved the success of hybridization. The surface morphology and mechanical properties were conducted to characterize the protective performance of the coating. Simultaneously, the phase composition and electrochemical properties of the coatings after high‐temperature oxidation were studied. The results showed that ceramic coatings had low surface energy with a contact angle of 102.41° when .4 wt.% SiO2‐BNNSs was added. Compared with BNNSs coating, the mechanical properties of SiO2‐BNNSs coating were significantly enhanced, the hardness of .4 wt.%SiO2‐BNNSs coating was as high as 170 HV, and the interface bonding strength was 12.24 MPa. For the oxidation corrosion resistance, .4 wt.% SiO2‐BNNSs coating under oxidation at 400°C for 50 h had the minimum corrosion current density and maximum impedance, which were .864 μA/cm2 and 177 kΩ/cm2, respectively, this indicated that SiO2‐BNNSs coating could still maintain excellent oxidation corrosion resistance under high‐temperature conditions for a long time.
Molar incisor hypomineralisation: A survey of awareness and management strategies among Libyan dentists in Benghazi
Authors: Tarhuni Hala , Benghasheer Hala Fathalla , Naser Yasmin , Arheiam Arheiam 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundMolar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a developmental enamel defect in the first permanent molars and frequently in the incisors. It poses a unique challenge to the dental practitioner because of its nature, clinical presentations and treatment strategies.AimThis study assessed the perception of Libyan dentists in Benghazi regarding MIH and its management.DesignPaper‐based, self‐administered questionnaires were distributed to dentists in Benghazi, Libya. The questionnaires investigated the awareness of MIH, knowledge of MIH aetiology, clinical challenges of MIH treatment and choices of restorative management. Descriptive statistics, chi‐squared test and binary logistic regression analysis were performed at a significance level of ≤.05.ResultsA total of 389 questionnaires were completed and analysed, giving an overall response rate of 76% (389/511). Most participants were female (85%, 332), with an average of 6.05 (SD = 6.24) years of experience. The majority of participants (67%) recognised MIH in their practice. Statistically significant differences in the awareness of MIH and its prevalence were observed according to the type of practice (p ≤ .001) and experience of dentists (p ≤ .001). Dentists working in public dental practice were less familiar with MIH and less likely to report it. Likewise, novice dentists were less aware of MIH than more experienced colleagues. The most reported aetiological factor in MIH was genetics by 60.2% of respondents, followed by environmental contamination (47.6%) and fluorides (42.9%). Most participants (92.3%) considered MIH a clinical problem. Aesthetics and diagnosis were the most reported challenging aspects (59.4% and 44.2%, respectively). The most commonly selected restorative options were high‐fluoride glass ionomer cement (43.2%) and preformed metal crowns (41.6%).ConclusionThe majority of participants reported awareness of the existence of MIH condition. Nevertheless, variations in estimating MIH prevalence and its proper treatment, as well as factors influencing its treatment and diagnosis, were recorded. It is recommended that the current dental curriculum is reviewed, and scientific evidence providing dental practitioners with updated information on the diagnosis and clinical management of MIH should be circulated.
The effect of different drying temperature profiles on the shrinkage and physical quality of the freeze‐dried strawberries
Authors: Kılıç Öykü , Azak Berfu , Ersus Seda 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the effects of different drying temperature profiles on freeze‐dried strawberries. The drying temperature profiles used in the trials were as follows: Trial I: 20°C–6 h, 30°C–6 h, 40°C–6 h, 50°C–3 h, Trial II: 30°C–6 h, 40°C–9 h, 50°C–6 h, Trial III: 50°C–6 h, 40°C–9 h, 30°C–6 h. The quality of the freeze‐dried strawberries was assessed by measuring various parameters, including shrinkage, total dry matter, color, water activity, and anthocyanin content. The shrinkage rate was resulted at least in the Trial I (3.61% height, 5.44% width). Among all trials, the highest total dry matter content was found in Trial II (95.41%). Color values of freeze‐dried strawberries, the redness value was the highest in Trial I (27.45). Trial III had the highest value of anthocyanin content (317.48 mg/100 g dry matter).Practical applicationsThis study will contribute scientifically to the comparative analysis of freeze‐dried strawberries based on various freeze‐drying trials. This study will assist in determining the most suitable drying profile for freeze‐dried strawberries in terms of the desired quality, physical, and chemical properties.
Behavior of whey protein aggregates‐alginate beads filled with astaxanthin and chia oil during in vitro digestion
Authors: Espinaco Brenda Y. , Niizawa Ignacio , Zorrilla Susana E. , Sihufe Guillermo A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe addition of whey proteins to alginate beads can enhance the functionality of encapsulation systems and improve the stability of the encapsulated bioactive compounds. In this work, chia oil (rich in omega‐3 fatty acids) and astaxanthin were encapsulated in alginate (100SA) and whey protein aggregates‐alginate (25WPA75SA) beads. The behavior of both types of beads during gastrointestinal digestion was assessed using the standardized INFOGEST in vitro methodology. Different mathematical models were used to analyze the release profile of the encapsulated bioactive compounds. Both types of beads protected the bioactive compounds during the gastric phase with release percentages lower than 10% and allowed their release during the intestinal phase with release percentages of up to 90%. The addition of whey protein aggregates did not affect the amount of bioactive compounds released. Furthermore, Korsmeyer‐Peppas model showed a highly accurate fit and the release coefficient (k) values indicated a higher release rate of the bioactive compounds from 25WPA75SA beads (25WPA75SA beads: k = 9.18 × 10−4 s−n and k = 1.07 × 10−3 s−n, 100SA beads: k = 3.80 × 10−5 s−n and k = 2.20 × 10−5 s−n, for astaxanthin and omega‐3 release, respectively). On the other hand, encapsulation slightly increased the chia oil lipolysis, but no differences were found between both types of beads. Finally, the bioaccessibility of both bioactive compounds were not influenced by the addition of whey protein aggregates.Practical applicationsChia oil (source of omega‐3 fatty acids) and the pigment astaxanthin are valuable bioactive compounds for the formulation of healthy foods. The encapsulation system developed combining sodium alginate and whey protein aggregates allowed the protection of the bioactive compounds during gastric digestion and their controlled release during intestinal phase. Our findings show a promising strategy that can be satisfactorily used to deliver lipophilic active compounds.
Applying a trauma‐informed approach to home visits
Authors: Robertson Mariah , Colburn Jessica , Gerber Megan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe concept of trauma and traumatic stress and its impact on health and mental health has been studied for nearly half a century. Trauma‐informed care (TIC) is person‐centered care designed and delivered based on knowledge of the ubiquity of trauma. It requires building an understanding of the role that trauma plays in the lives and health outcomes of survivors. In doing so, it helps promote physical, psychological, and emotional safety for both clinicians and patients. Trauma and traumatic events are cumulative over the lifespan, and individuals who have experienced trauma are at higher risk for re‐traumatization and poorer health outcomes. TIC approaches have been applied in many healthcare settings successfully; however, to date, there have not been any recommendations made about applying these approaches to care of homebound older adults, even though it may be surmised that this population is at an especially high risk for prior trauma and entering a person's safe space could be especially sensitive for trauma survivors. This paper serves to provide specific recommendations for applying a trauma‐informed approach to a home visit and provides recommendations to home‐based primary care groups and health systems about implementing universal trauma‐informed care to homebound older adults.
Association between semen parameters and recurrent pregnancy loss: An umbrella review of meta‐analyses
Authors: Zhang Lei , Li Honglin , Han Letian , Zhang Liang , Zu Zhihui , Zhang Jianwei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimRecurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a common clinical reproductive problem. With research advancements, an increasing number of studies have suggested that male factors play an important role in RPL. However, the evaluation results of male sperm quality in published meta‐analyses are inconsistent. We aimed to summarize the evidence of the association between semen factors and RPL and evaluate the level and validity of the evidence.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases for systematic reviews or meta‐analyses to evaluate the association between male semen parameters and RPL. The methodological quality of the included meta‐analyses was assessed, and data and evidence were re‐synthesized and stratified using a random‐effects model.ResultsSeven meta‐analyses and nine semen parameters were included in the final analysis. The methodological quality of all publications was considered low or very low. There was highly suggestive evidence for the association between sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), sperm progressive motility rate, and RPL (class II). The evidence level for the association between sperm concentration, normal sperm morphology, sperm deformity rate, total motility, and RPL was suggestive evidence (class III). The evidence level for the association between sperm volume and sperm count and RPL was weak (class IV). There was no significant association between sperm pH and RPL (class NS).ConclusionsOur results suggest level II evidence for the association between male SDF and RPL, while the evidence level for the association between conventional semen routine parameters and RPL was low (classes III and IV).
Christianity as a Spiritual Sidepiece: How Young Black People with Diverse Sexual Identities Navigate Religion
Authors: Barnes Sandra L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractResearch about the experiences of young black members of the LGBTQIA community often centers HIV‐related themes. Fewer studies consider more emotive aspects of their lives such as their attitudes and behavior around religion and/or spirituality. This study is a response to this dynamic. Informed by the Structure versus Agency discourse, this qualitative analysis examines dimensions of the religious and spiritual lives of 76 young black members of the LGBTQIA community aged 18–30 years old. Given the continued influence of the Black Church in the black community as well as concerns about the relevance of religion in general, findings here may illumine how a cadre of young black people understand and respond to religion today. Results illustrate the tendency to espouse spirituality over religion; syncretism; and, continued use of Christian practices such as prayer, while compartmentalizing and secularizing this faith tradition. This study introduces the concept of the “spiritual sidepiece” as an exemplar that sheds light on how some young black sexual minorities today are re‐imagining religion, Christianity, the Black Church, and spirituality in their lives.
Curation protocol of Phobos sample returned by Martian Moons eXploration
Authors: Fukai Ryota , Usui Tomohiro , Fujiya Wataru , Takano Yoshinori , Bajo Ken‐ichi , Beck Andrew , Bonato Enrica , Chabot Nancy L. , Furukawa Yoshihiro , Genda Hidenori , Hibiya Yuki , Jourdan Fred , Kleine Thorsten , Koike Mizuho , Matsuoka Moe , Miura Yayoi N. , Moynier Frédéric , Okazaki Ryuji , Russell Sara S. , Sumino Hirochika , Zolensky Michael E. , Sugahara Haruna , Tachibana Shogo , Sakamoto Kanako , Abe Masanao , Cho Yuichiro , Kuramoto Kiyoshi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractJapan Aerospace Exploration Agency's Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) mission will launch a spacecraft in 2024 to return samples from Phobos in 2029. Curatorial work for the returned Phobos samples is critical for the sample allocation without degrading the sample integrity and subsequent sample analysis that will provide new constraints on the origin of Phobos and the evolution of the circum‐Mars environment. The Sample Analysis Working Team of the MMX is designing the sample curation protocol. The curation protocol consists of three phases: (1) quick analysis (extraction and mass spectrometry for gases), (2) pre‐basic characterization (bulk‐scale observation), and (3) basic characterization (grain‐by‐grain observation and allocation of the sample aliquots). Nondestructive analyses within the clean chamber (e.g., visible and near‐infrared spectral imaging) and outside the chamber (e.g., gas mass spectrometry) are incorporated into the curation flow in coordination with the MMX mission instrument teams for ground‐truthing the remote‐sensing data sets. The MMX curation/sample analysis flow enables the seamless integration between the sample and remote‐sensing data sets to maximize the scientific value of the collected Phobos samples.
Analytical method for stable background reduction for Raman spectra of carbon‐containing meteorite and terrestrial samples suffering from intense fluorescence
Authors: Kashima Aruto , Urashima Shu‐hei , Yui Hiroharu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChemical states of carbon in terrestrial (meta) sediments and carbonaceous chondrites gather attention as a geothermometer. As a nondestructive analytical method, Raman spectroscopy has been widely used to study their electronic properties, crystallinity, and structural defects through so‐called D and G bands. For the analysis of Raman spectra, a common problem is coexistence of a fluorescence background, which should be subtracted prior to the peak‐fitting analysis. However, we recently faced a problem that the band shape noticeably changed depending on the background function assumed although the background seemed to be well subtracted at a first glance regardless of the choice of the background function. For the application of the Raman spectroscopy as a geothermometer, a standard background subtraction method must be established to suppress the arbitrariness. In the present study, Raman spectra of seven carbon‐containing natural samples, whose background intensities were significantly different, were measured, and their background shape was evaluated by first‐, second‐, and third‐order polynomials. The results indicated that the third‐order polynomial was necessary and sufficient as a standard background function. Importantly, although lower order polynomials seem to successfully fit the background at a first glance, they falsely caused dispersion of the shoulder band shape.
TbsP and TrmB jointly regulate gapII to influence cell development phenotypes in the archaeon Haloferax volcanii
Authors: Hackley Rylee K. , Hwang Sungmin , Herb Jake T. , Bhanap Preeti , Lam Katie , Vreugdenhil Angie , Darnell Cynthia L. , Pastor Mar Martinez , Martin Johnathan H. , Maupin‐Furlow Julie A. , Schmid Amy K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMicrobial cells must continually adapt their physiology in the face of changing environmental conditions. Archaea living in extreme conditions, such as saturated salinity, represent important examples of such resilience. The model salt‐loving organism Haloferax volcanii exhibits remarkable plasticity in its morphology, biofilm formation, and motility in response to variations in nutrients and cell density. However, the mechanisms regulating these lifestyle transitions remain unclear. In prior research, we showed that the transcriptional regulator, TrmB, maintains the rod shape in the related species Halobacterium salinarum by activating the expression of enzyme‐coding genes in the gluconeogenesis metabolic pathway. In Hbt. salinarum, TrmB‐dependent production of glucose moieties is required for cell surface glycoprotein biogenesis. Here, we use a combination of genetics and quantitative phenotyping assays to demonstrate that TrmB is essential for growth under gluconeogenic conditions in Hfx. volcanii. The ∆trmB strain rapidly accumulated suppressor mutations in a gene encoding a novel transcriptional regulator, which we name trmB suppressor, or TbsP (a.k.a. “tablespoon”). TbsP is required for adhesion to abiotic surfaces (i.e., biofilm formation) and maintains wild‐type cell morphology and motility. We use functional genomics and promoter fusion assays to characterize the regulons controlled by each of TrmB and TbsP, including joint regulation of the glucose‐dependent transcription of gapII, which encodes an important gluconeogenic enzyme. We conclude that TrmB and TbsP coregulate gluconeogenesis, with downstream impacts on lifestyle transitions in response to nutrients in Hfx. volcanii.
Understanding risk and causal mechanisms for developing obesity in infants and young children: A National Institutes of Health workshop
Authors: Aagaard Kjersti M. , Barkin Shari L. , Burant Charles F. , Carnell Susan , Demerath Ellen , Donovan Sharon M. , Eneli Ihuoma , Francis Lori A. , Gilbert‐Diamond Diane , Hivert Marie‐France , LeBourgeois Monique K. , Loos Ruth J. F. , Lumeng Julie C. , Miller Alison L. , Okely Anthony D. , Osganian Stavroula K. , Ramirez Amelie G. , Trasande Leonardo , Van Horn Linda V. , Wake Melissa , Wright Rosalind J. , Yanovski Susan Z. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryObesity in children remains a major public health problem, with the current prevalence in youth ages 2–19 years estimated to be 19.7%. Despite progress in identifying risk factors, current models do not accurately predict development of obesity in early childhood. There is also substantial individual variability in response to a given intervention that is not well understood. On April 29–30, 2021, the National Institutes of Health convened a virtual workshop on “Understanding Risk and Causal Mechanisms for Developing Obesity in Infants and Young Children.” The workshop brought together scientists from diverse disciplines to discuss (1) what is known regarding epidemiology and underlying biological and behavioral mechanisms for rapid weight gain and development of obesity and (2) what new approaches can improve risk prediction and gain novel insights into causes of obesity in early life. Participants identified gaps and opportunities for future research to advance understanding of risk and underlying mechanisms for development of obesity in early life. It was emphasized that future studies will require multi‐disciplinary efforts across basic, behavioral, and clinical sciences. An exposome framework is needed to elucidate how behavioral, biological, and environmental risk factors interact. Use of novel statistical methods may provide greater insights into causal mechanisms.
Osteoporosis and bone health in pediatric patients with epidermolysis bullosa: A scoping review
Authors: Kwon Andie , Hwang Austin , Miller Corinne H. , Reimer‐Taschenbrecker Antonia , Paller Amy S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNutritional compromise, low levels of vitamin D, chronic inflammation, abnormal growth, and physical inactivity affect bone metabolism and compromise long‐term bone health in individuals with epidermolysis bullosa (EB). The result is a high risk for osteopenia, osteoporosis, and pathologic fractures, but this important consequence of EB has been the focus of few investigations. Our scoping review found 21 publications that assessed the current understanding and clinical practices for monitoring of osteoporosis and its treatment in EB. Recommendations summarized from 13 of these publications include early nutritional and weight assessments before 2 years of age; bloodwork every 6–12 months starting at birth; Tanner stage assessments every 6 months to detect any pubertal delay; DEXA scans starting at age 6 years with repeated scans every 1–2 years, except in mild cases; and vitamin D supplementation of 80–320 IU daily for children 0–7 years and 720 IU for patients >8 years.
Activation of murine macrophages by membrane proteins from Tritrichomonas foetus grown on iron‐ and calcium‐rich conditions
Authors: Euan‐Canto Antonio , Torres‐Romero Julio César , Alvarez‐Sánchez María Elizbeth , Arana‐Argáez Victor Ermilo , Acosta‐Viana Karla , Ceballos‐Góngora Emanuel , Vázquez‐Carrillo Laura , Alvarez‐Sánchez Leidi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTritrichomonas foetus is a protozoan parasite that causes a venereal disease in cattle limiting reproduction by abortions and sterility. The immune response against this parasite is poorly understood. Since the iron and calcium ions are important regulators of the microenvironment of the urogenital tract in cattle, we decided to evaluate the role of these divalent cations on the antigenicity of membrane proteins of T. foetus on macrophage activation as one of the first inflammatory responses towards this pathogen. Colorimetric methods and ELISA were used to detect the nitric oxide and oxygen peroxide production and expression of cytokines in culture supernatant from macrophage incubated with membrane proteins from T. foetus cultured in iron‐ and calcium‐rich conditions. qRT‐PCR assays were used to evaluate the transcript expression of genes involved in the inflammatory response on the macrophages. The membrane proteins used for in vitro stimulation caused the up‐regulation of the iNOS and NOX‐2 genes as well as the generation of NO and H2O2 in murine macrophages on a dependent way of the metal concentrations. Additionally, after stimulation, macrophages showed a considerable rise in pro‐inflammatory cytokines and a downregulation of anti‐inflammatory cytokines, as well as up‐regulation in the transcription of the TLR4 and MyD88 genes. These data suggest that membrane proteins of T. foetus induced by iron and calcium can activate an inflammatory specific macrophage response via TLR4/MyD88 signalling pathway.