bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of mini-open retrograde intramedullary headless screw fixation of metacarpal fractures
Authors: El-Serwi Bahaa El-Dein Mohamed , Zayda Ahmed Ibrahim , El-Barbarey Ahmed Nasr El-Dein , Sherif Osama Abd-Almohsen , Fahmy Mohamed Alsayed 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Metacarpal fractures accounting around one-third of hand fractures, which account for ten percent of all fractures and happen predominantly between the ages of 30 and 40. This research objected to examine the radiological, functional, and complication-reduction effects of closed reduction and internal fixation utilizing headless compression screws in metacarpal fractures cases.

Patients and methods
This prospective one-arm research involved 24 subjects with a total of 25 unstable metacarpal neck and shaft fractures surgically treated at Menoufia university hospital and Sheikh-Zayed Specialized, Egypt. They were controlled with intramedullary headless compression screws (IMHS).

Results
Complications were reported in 5 (20.8%) patients, Union of fracture was reported in 23 (95.8%) patients. The mean TAM score was 250.63 ± 19.58 ranging between 180 and 260 with a median of 260. The mean dash score was 1.75 ± 2.91 ranging between 0 and 11.36 with a median of 0.00.

Conclusion
The metacarpal fractures IMHS fixation is an effective, safe, and complication-free treatment and looked to need less imposing and restore function more quickly.
Comparative study between intramedullary kirschner wires fixation and cast immobilisation in pediatric displaced diaphyseal both bones of forearm fractures
Authors: Hamdy Mohamed S , Elzawahry Aly M , Gado Ihab S , El wafa Mostafa A A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Forearm fractures involving the diaphysis are the third most frequent form of fracture in paediatrics. Conservative management is associated with higher risks of complications; therefore, the author aim to compare Kirschner (K) wire fixation with conservative management.

Methods
56 children with displaced diaphyseal ulnar and radial fractures were allocated and randomized into two groups at Kasr Al-Ainy University Hospital: the first group was managed by conservative management with cast immobilisation, and the second group was managed by K wire fixation. The primary outcomes were the degrees of postoperative ulnar and radial angulations, the required time of union, the limitation of movement degrees, and the functional outcomes. The secondary outcome was the rate of complications.

Results
K wire fixation had better significant results compared with the cast immobilisation regarding the residual radial angulation (P < 0.001), ulnar angulation degree (P < 0.001), the range of movement of forearm supination or supination (P = 0.003), and the functional outcome (P = 0.049); however, the time of union was significantly longer in the K wire group compared with the cast group (P = 0.003). Both groups were not significantly different in the complication rate (P = 0.163).

Conclusion
Cast immobilisation is safe in managing displaced diaphyseal in both bones of forearm fractures; however, K wire fixation is preferred and shows better results, especially when a good reduction cannot be achieved by conservative cast immobilisation.
Management of complex distal femur fractures with bone loss using the ‘three-in-one technique’
Authors: Khaled Abdullah , El-Rosasy Mahmoud , Shafik Ahmed , El-Gebaly Osama 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The reconstruction of complex distal femur fractures with bone loss is a surgical challenge. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the ‘three-in-one’ surgical technique, which combines a retrograde nail linked to a lateral locked plate with defect reconstruction using a bone graft in a synthetic scaffold.

Materials and Methods
A prospective study was conducted at a level 1 trauma centre from 2016 to 2021. Comminuted distal femur fractures (OTA/AO type 33A3, 33C2, or 33C3) with bone loss in skeletally mature patients were included. The ‘three-in-one’ surgical technique was used in all cases.

Results
The present study comprised 14 cases with a mean age of 28 years (range, 18–58 years). The bone defect sizes ranged from 3 to 8 cm. Ten cases (71%) had open fractures. Operative duration ranged between 150 and 210 min (Average 175 min). Excellent, good and fair outcomes according to sanders score were achieved in eight (57%), five (36%) and one case (7%), respectively. There were no cases of implant failure or varus collapse. Postoperative follow-up ranged from 12 to 53 months (mean 27 months).

Conclusion
Management of complex distal femur fractures using the ‘three-in-one technique’ (retrograde nail fixation augmented by anatomical lateral locked plate and reconstruction of the bone defect using autologous bone grafts in a scaffold of synthetic oxidised cellulose gauze) for complex distal femur fractures provides a stable biomechanical construct that allows fracture healing and early rehabilitation in a single stage through a single approach.
Profile of Patients Presenting with Hemoptysis at a Tertiary Care Center in India
Authors: Virk Baljeet Singh , Kumar Rohit , Gupta Nitesh , Chakrabarti Shibdas , Garg Puneet , Mishra Ritu , Rathi Vidushi , Ish Pranav 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
This study was designed to study the frequency distribution of etiology of various grades of severity of hemoptysis and to determine the influence of underlying etiology on the type of treatment modalities selected.

Materials and Methods:
Adult patients presenting with hemoptysis at a tertiary care hospital over 18 months were included in the study. Detailed analysis of their clinical profile, underlying etiologies as well as management, modalities, and a 6-month follow-up was done.

Results:
One hundred and five patients were included in the final analysis. Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) sequelae were the most common etiology of hemoptysis across all grades of severity. Active PTB was the second leading cause. Chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis (CCPA) was diagnosed in 6.6% of patients who mostly presented with massive hemoptysis. Bronchial artery embolization (BAE) was done in 15 patients. Most of the patients undergoing BAE had old PTB (53%) and CCPA (33%) with moderate-to-massive hemoptysis.

Conclusions:
Tuberculosis and its sequelae continue to be the most common etiology of hemoptysis in India. CCPA is a significant predictor of “moderate and massive” hemoptysis (5 out of 7 patients of CCPA) and these patients had recurrence of hemoptysis even after BAE. BAE is successful in decreasing the severity of hemoptysis and has a high utility in developing countries like India.
Thymic Transplantation in DiGeorge Syndrome
Authors: Obiekwe Samuel , Elhaddad Moamen , Medani Khalid 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Over the last 30 years, solid organ transplantation has evolved as a treatment for patients with end-stage diseases who face poor prognoses without transplantation. Recently, cellular and tissue transplantation has been advancing, particularly in the context of pancreatic islet cell and thymus transplantation. Thymus transplantation is emerging as a crucial intervention for patients with DiGeorge syndrome (DGS), a genetic disorder characterized by complete or partial absence of the thymus, leading to a lack or absence of T-cell production. This deficiency manifests in infants as recurrent opportunistic infections during the early months of life, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates. Very few children survive past 2 years. Central to T-cell development is the thymus, where progenitor cells from the bone marrow differentiate and foster the production of naive T-cells. Transplanting thymus tissue has arisen as a preeminent treatment, a procedure contingent upon meticulous donor selection - to ensure absence of infection - and recipient selection, given the frequent comorbidity of congenital abnormalities in DGS patients. This transplantation process involves harvesting thymus tissue from a donor younger than 9 months, typically secured during pediatric open-heart surgery. The tissue undergoes a 21-day culture period to remove donor thymocytes before being implanted in the recipient’s quadricep muscle. Subsequent monitoring over 3–5 months postoperation tracks the emergence of naive T-cells, which were absent preoperation. Most patients with typical DGS do not require immunosuppressants as they lack the T-lymphocytes necessary to reject an allograft. However, patients with atypical forms of the syndrome might require transient immunosuppression until full immunological reconstitution, indicated by the presence of naive T-cells, is achieved. When compared to gene therapy and hematopoietic bone marrow stem cell transplantation, thymus tissue transplantation appears to offer superior outcomes, maintaining immunological reconstitution more effectively in DGS patients.
Assessment of knowledge and awareness among North Indian populations about oral precancerous lesions (OPL): A cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Tiwari Rini , Singh Navin , Chaurasia Akhilanand , Singh Akhilesh Kumar 
Published: November 2023

Background:
A precancerous lesion is a morphologically altered tissue in which oral cancer is more likely to occur than its apparently normal counterpart. They are quite common in the Indian population due to the habitual habit of chewing tobacco. The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness of oral precancerous lesions by a questionnaire-based survey among the study subjects having been diagnosed with it.

Methods:
In this descriptive study, a structured questionnaire having 11 survey questions has been used to record the response from study subjects who have been diagnosed and reported for treatment for oral premalignant lesions in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. A total of 1013 study subjects were assessed for awareness about OPL and its consequences.

Results:
44.3% of the study population was addicted to smoking tobacco (cigarettes) while 57.9% of study subjects were addicted to non-smoking tobacco (Pan masala). The reason behind their addiction was reported to be stress (54.9%) and workload (25.3%). Most of the study subjects were diagnosed with oral sub-mucous fibrosis (53.4%). 78.6% of study subjects diagnosed with OPL were not aware of it and 94% were willing to quit the addiction.

Conclusion:
The awareness about OPL among patients was found to be low. Although many wanted to quit their addiction to smoking and chewing tobacco but were unable to do so. So it is a need for time to develop a national policy on tobacco use and related diseases. This policy will definitely reduce the burden of oral premalignant lesions and oral cancer in Indian population.
New design titanium miniplate versus conventional miniplate in treatment of mandibular angle fractures: A comparative study
Authors: Vishnani Rozina , Pattanshetti Channaveer , Gilani Rizwan , Sankeshwari Banashree 
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
Mandibular angle fracture (MAF) is the second most common site of all fractures of the mandible with the highest complication rate. Management of MAF has evolved in the past four decades. The purpose of the prospective study was to compare the efficacy of new design titanium miniplate (NDM) with conventional titanium miniplate (CTM) in the treatment of MAF.

Objectives:
Mouth opening, occlusion, bite force measurement, and radiographs compared preoperatively and first week, first month and third month postoperatively.

Materials and Method:
Fourteen patients diagnosed with MAF were randomly divided into two groups: Group A (seven patients) was treated with NDM and Group B (seven patients) with CTM. Patients were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively at an interval of one week, one month and three months.

Results:
Repeated measures ANOVA and Post hoc Tukey test showed a significant increase in bite force and mouth opening for both groups in first and third postoperative months. Unpaired t-test showed slightly better mouth opening in Group B and slightly higher bite force in Group A.

Discussion:
Both miniplates fulfilled all the study objectives and equally satisfactory healing was seen at the end of third month. NDM offers better stability, rigidity, and anatomic reduction of the fracture with a drawback of difficulty in adaptation and increased operative timing compared to CTM. Hence, we would like to conclude that both miniplates are equally efficient in the treatment of non-comminuted angle fractures with the NDM having upper hand in stability.
Therapeutic Phlebotomy as a Daycare Procedure in the Department of Transfusion Medicine as Compared to the Admission-based Procedure: A Qualitative Study on Patient’s Perspective
Authors: Basavarajegowda Abhishekh , Kumar Suresh , Srinivas Anuragaa , Punniakoti Sriraman , Sahu Swaroop Kumar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Therapeutic phlebotomy procedure, being very similar to blood donation, is currently done in various hospitals in the world in the ward or a daycare procedure room or a blood bank or an apheresis center as these facilities know the mechanics of it as well as are well equipped and trained for blood collection. Our institute started doing it in the blood center in the past couple of years. This study was performed to understand the patients’ perspectives on getting this procedure done in the blood bank compared to them getting these services in the ward side as was happening previously.

Methodology:
This was a qualitative-exploratory study done at the blood center and included adult patients who have undergone therapeutic phlebotomy in the blood center at least twice in the last 3 months. An in-depth interview in private on one to one basis was performed using a topic guide and necessary probes to get the information. Manual descriptive content was used to analyze the transcripts. Thematic analyses were performed.

Results:
Majority of the patients felt that they were comfortable getting the procedure done in a blood center compared to wards as it takes lesser time here (64%), better personal care and attention by the staff (52%), conducive attitude and friendliness of the healthcare staff (76%), better ambience (24%) and overall satisfaction (24%).

Conclusion:
The study has encouraging results with respect to patients; hence, more and more blood centers should explore this and convince the hospital administration to set the therapeutic phlebotomy facilities in the blood services.
A Pragmatic Approach for the Calculation Content Validity Indices: A Study on Validation of Training Tool for Pre and Post-test Questionnaire for the Health Care Sector
Authors: Roopashree Mandyam Rangayyan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Content validity is an integral part of the training tools that are adapted for the research methodology. For validation of the resources of the training tool as a questionnaire, a systematic process has to be performed. Before the collection of the data, the instrument has to be formatted with industry experts’ suggestions and academic/subject experts with their knowledge and insights. The pre- and post-test questionnaires have to be selected from a domain-specific question bank that is relevant, specific, and user-friendly too. Validation of training tools for relevance rating by the industry expert judgment capacity, academic experts’ knowledge, and domain-specific suggestions is vital for performing content validation and conducting the same. To make it cost-effective, improve efficiency and be effective promptly, a relevance rating is mentioned for each of the domain-specific questions. The consequences of content validity which are also used for indexing have their challenges, advantages, and limitations as tools adapted. The usefulness of the instrument has to be validated for content validity and has to be structured systematically to determine the Cronbach alpha index score. By determining the Cronbach alpha score, the internal reliability of the research tool is determined. The proper usage of the content validity process, along with the instrument developed and the judgment capacity of the panel of experts will always yield better data and participants’ satisfaction. In the health-care service industry, where evidence-based practices are inculcated, the best practices of training tools which are standardized along with content validation are performed will yield better results and outcomes.
Artificial Intelligence Application with Contact Tracing for Post COVID -19 Epidemic Management
Authors: Swain Anasuya , Sahu Subhalaxmi , Patel Monalisha , Dhal Pradeep Ranjan 
Published: November 2023

INTRODUCTION: Post COVID -19 epidemics is in a critical situation which has to be properly managed with right preventive and curative measures to protect the economy and welfare of the Human beings.
OBJECTIVES: Effective management of this terrific situation may be possible through the help of contact tracing and its application of AI mechanism. Here the authors as taken the available data for the testing of the significance of AI approach for contract tracing proper management of the post COVID epidemic situation.
METHODS: Here contact tracing data are collected analysed interpreted and validity is tested with the help of statistical tools like egression, coefficient and Annova for the testing of the available data with its further application.
R ESULTS: AI application creates more awareness, vaccination, self-testing, isolation and intake medicine
CONCLUSION: Artificial Intelligence &social media plays a vital role for the creation of social awareness and proper manage of post COVID-19 epidemics.
Impact of Digital Transformation on Strategic Change Processes in China
Authors: Huang Chen 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of digital transformation on strategic change processes in china.
Methodology: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library
Findings: The impact of digital transformation on strategic change processes in China has yielded several key findings. First, digital technologies have significantly accelerated the pace of strategic change, enabling companies to adapt swiftly to market dynamics. Second, digital tools have facilitated data-driven decision-making, enhancing the precision and effectiveness of strategic planning. Finally, successful strategic change in China increasingly hinges on digital capabilities, emphasizing the necessity for organizations to prioritize digital transformation as a core component of their strategic agenda.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Resource-Based View (RBV) Theory, Institutional Theory & Innovation Diffusion Theory may be used to anchor future studies on impact of digital transformation on strategic change processes in china. Companies in China should invest in developing digital talent internally Policymakers in China should continually adapt regulations to accommodate the dynamic nature of digital transformation.
Pemeriksaan Basil Tahan Asam dan Laju Endap Darah Sebagai Indikator Keberhasilan Pengobatan Penderita Tuberkulosis Paru di Puskesmas Singotrunan Banyuwangi
Authors: Batati Nadiah Al , Muthmainnata Dinata , Ekawati Evy Ratnasari , Santoso Setyo Dwi , Suryani Elsa Mega , Prasetya Indra Adi Wira 
Published: November 2023

This research is based on Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection which can increase the value of erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Where the transmission of these bacteria through the respiratory tract is known as Droplet Infection. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of one month tuberculosis treatment on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and acid fast bacilli (AFB) examination. This type of research is a laboratory observation study with an accidental sampling technique of 30 samples which was carried out at the Singotrunan Banyuwangi health center for 30 days. The results showed that out of 30 samples examined, it showed that there was an influence of ESR and acid fast bacilli examinations on Tuberculosis patients who had been treated for one month. The conclusion is that there is an influence on Tuberculosis patients on ESR and AFB examinations at the Singotrunan Banyuwangi Health Center. Keywords : Tuberculosis, ESR, AFB
PERBANDINGAN HASIL MIKROSKOPIS LANJUTAN PENDERITA TBC PARU SETELAH PENGOBATAN DENGAN RIWAYAT DM DAN TANPA DM DI PUSKESMAS KEDUNDUNG
Authors: Pratiwi Esti Rizkiana , Mari Frida Luthfia , Wijaya Halik , Sundari Titik , Prasetya Indra Adi Wira 
Published: November 2023

Comorbid diabetes mellitus (DM) in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients may increase the risk of death even with or during TB treatment. Immunocompromised conditions due to DM increase the risk of infection and sputum conversion failure. The risk of recurrence in comorbid patient is also higher after treatment. Objective of this research is to describe the comparison of further microscopic examination of pulmonary tuberculosis patients without DM and pulmonary tuberculosis patients with a history of diabetes at the Kedundung Public Health Center. The study was conducted by observing each of 15 TB positive sputum samples accompanied by a history of DM and those without any history of DM 2 months post-treatment on further microscopic examination. Further microscopic examination showed that 100% of sputum samples of TB patients without a history of DM and receiving treatment gave negative results, while sputum samples of TB patients with DM history and receiving treatment, while sputum samples of patients who had received treatment showed results of 2+ by 80% and 3+ by 20% and there were no negative results for TB. These results prove that there is an effect of a history of DM disease on TB treatment outcomes. Keywords : Further microscopic examination, Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
IDENTIFIKASI TELUR SOIL TRANSMITTED HELMINT (STH) PADA TANAH PERSAWAHAN DI DESA SUKODONO MENGGUNAKAN METODE NATIF
Authors: Suryani Elsa Mega , Sunarko Yuli Novianti , Pradana Muhammad Sungging , Santoso Setyo Dwi , Batati Nadiah Al 
Published: November 2023

Soil is a mineral material that has several unconsolidated forms which are located on the surface of the earth and have undergone several treatments. Soil-Transmitted Helminth (STH) is an intestinal nematode that in its life cycle requires a soil medium for the infective form to mature. worms are moist soil, shady, and protected from sunlight. This study aims to determine whether there is contamination of "Soil-Transmitted Helminth" eggs and what species are present in the rice fields using the Native method. This examination uses a 2% eosin solution. The sample uses paddy fields in Sukodono Village. Sampling at 3 sampling points with 3 types of samples, the total sample is 9 samples of paddy soil. The research was conducted on April 26-28 2021 at the Parasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Maarif Hasyim Latif University, Sidoarjo, on 9 samples of paddy soil, the results obtained were 3 types of samples, or 33% of the soil contaminated with worm eggs and 6 types of samples or 66% not contaminated with worm eggs. Keywords: Paddy fields, Soil Transmitted Helminth, Native Method