281 Effects of Corynebacterium Glutamicum Cell Mass Supplementation on Modulation of Mucosa-Associated Microbiota to Intestinal Health of Nursery Pigs
Authors: Cheng Yi-Chi , Duarte Marcos Elias , Kim Sung Woo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The objectives were to evaluate the effects of Corynebacterium glutamicum cell mass (CGCM) supplementation, replacing blood plasma in diets, on the gene expressions of biomarkers associated with peptidoglycan and their correlation with intestinal health in nursery pigs. Weaned pigs (n = 32) were allotted to 4 dietary treatments based on the randomized complete block design with initial BW as blocks. The diets with supplementation of CGCM (0, 0.7, 1.4, and 2.1%) replacing blood plasma up to 1.5% were fed for 21 d. Pigs were euthanized on d 21 to collect proximal and distal jejunal mucosa to measure intestinal health markers. Gene expression of receptors associated with peptidoglycan (PGN) and intestinal health were evaluated by PCR. Correlations between gene expressions of receptors associated with PGN and intestinal health markers in jejunal mucosa were assessed by Pearson’s analysis. Data were analyzed using the Mixed procedure of SAS 9.4. Increasing CGCM supplementation affected (quadratic) the relative gene expression of peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGLYRP) 1 (P = 0.080, max: 1.85% at 1.1% CGCM), PGLYRP4 (P &lt; 0.05, max: 3.24% at 1.2% CGCM), and interferon-γ (P = 0.088, max: 3.25% at 1.1% CGCM). Increasing CGCM supplementation did not affect the relative gene expression of PGLYRP2A, PGLYRP2B, PGLYRP3, Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, TLR4, Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein (NOD) 1, NOD2, cluster of differentiation (CD) 14, and nuclear factor-kappa B. In proximal jejunal mucosa, PGLYRP1 was positively correlated with immunoglobulin A (IgA) and interleukin 8 (r = 0.50 and 0.45, respectively; P &lt; 0.05). PGLYRP4 was positively correlated with protein carbonyl and IgA (r = 0.65 and 0.60, respectively; P &lt; 0.05). Interferon-γ was positively correlated with Campylobacter coli (r = 0.61; P &lt; 0.05) and IgA (r = 0.52; P &lt; 0.05). PGLYRP2A was negatively correlated (r = -0.44; P &lt; 0.05) with Pseudomonadaceae. TLR2 was positively correlated with Corynebacteriaceae, Pasteurellaceae, and Propionibacteriaceae (r = 0.55, 0.51, and 0.52, respectively; P &lt; 0.05). NOD1 was positively correlated (r = 0.50; P &lt; 0.05) with Propionibacteriaceae. NOD2 were positively correlated with Pasteurellaceae and Propionibacteriaceae (r = 0.73 and 0.53, respectively; P &lt; 0.05). CD14 was negatively correlated (r = -0.47; P &lt; 0.05) with IgA. Campylobacteraceae was positively correlated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (r = 0.50; P &lt; 0.05). Pseudomonadaceae was negatively correlated with IgG (r = -0.39; P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, supplementing 1.1% to 1.2% CGCM, replacing 0.8 to 0.9% blood plasma, increased the relative gene expressions of PGLYRP1, PGLYRP4, and interferon-γ, which were related to the modulation of the mucosa-associated microbiota, immune response, and oxidative stress markers caused by CGCM supplementation. Supplementing 2.1% CGCM showed to have a similar expression of receptors associated with PGN and intestinal health by promoting the growth of less inflammatory microbiota.