bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on surface deformation pattern in mine closure area of complex karst mountainous region based on SBAS-InSAR technology
Authors: Huang Guangcai , Dong Jihong , Xi Wenfei , Zhao Zilong , Li Sifa , Kuang Zhong , An Quan , Wei Jin , Zhu Yuhua 
Published: January 2024

Liupanshui City in Guizhou Province represents a karst mountainous region with a delicate geological environment. The area has a long history of coal mining, and several coal mines have been progressively closed in recent years. However, even after closure of coal mines, the fractured rock mass in the mined-out areas continues to undergo deformation over a specific period. In karst mountainous regions, this deformation is affected by various factors including elevation, slope, precipitation, and vegetation. In this study, we employed SBAS-InSAR technology to construct a time series of surface deformation data from January 2019 to May 2022 within Liupanshui City’s LuJiaZhai-DaPingDi Minefield. Subsequently, this data was comprehensively analyzed in conjunction with time series vegetation cover, monthly precipitation, elevation, and slope data from the identical period. The key findings of this research are as follows: 1) After the closure of the mine, the subsidence area gradually stabilized, yet the volume of subsidence continues to increase. The subsidence area primarily occurs near the MaiZiGou Coal Mine air-mining area, which had a relatively short closure time, as well as in higher elevation areas in the southern and eastern parts of the minefield. Specifically, the maximum cumulative subsidence and the subsidence rate during the study period reached −60.3 mm and −21.83 mm/a, respectively. 2) Surface deformation is closely linked to slope, vegetation type, and rainfall, with subsidence rates and amounts noticeably higher during the rainy season than in the dry season. 3) Surface vegetation cover types display varied effects on deformation, with grassland or shrub areas being more sensitive to precipitation than forests. Forests, especially pine and fir, show a delayed subsidence response to rain, typically 2–3 months post-rainy season onset. This inhibitory effect lessens with increasing slope, particularly beyond a 25° threshold, where responsiveness to precipitation and associated subsidence significantly increase. The findings of this study hold substantial scientific implications for the restoration and management of closed mining areas, as well as the prevention of geological hazards in karst complex mountainous regions.
Combined effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor and angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor on renal function in cardiovascular disease patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Xu Ling , Chen Bo , Zhang Hua , Zhu Dan 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundAngiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) have shown a significant protective role against cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and there is a growing proportion of patients who are undergoing combined therapy with the two drugs. However, the effect of this combination treatment on renal function has not yet been determined.MethodsThis study included 539 patients who were diagnosed with cardiovascular disease combined with T2DM. According to the use of SGLT2i and ARNI, patients were divided into the combination treatment group, SGLT2i group, ARNI group and control group. Primary outcomes were serum creatinine (Scr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) changes in the 6th month and 12th month.ResultsIn the ARNI group, no significant changes in Scr or eGFR were observed during the follow-up period, while the above indicators showed a trend of deterioration in the other three groups. The univariate analysis results showed that at 6 months of follow-up, the renal function indicators of patients treated with ARNI (either alone or in combination) were better than those treated with SGLT2i alone. After 12 months of follow-up, the Scr results were the same as before, while the difference in eGFR between groups disappeared. After multivariate analysis, in terms of delaying the progression of Scr, the ARNI group was superior to the other groups at the end of follow-up. No significant difference in eGFR was observed between groups during follow-up.ConclusionIn patients with cardiovascular disease and T2DM, combination therapy with ARNI and SGLT2i did not show an advantage over monotherapy in delaying renal insufficiency progression, and renal function seems to be better preserved in patients treated with ARNI alone.Clinical trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT05922852.
Prognostic indicators in pituitary adenoma surgery: a comprehensive analysis of surgical outcomes and complications
Authors: Riley George , Scheyer Nicolas , Klein Marc , Merlot Isabelle , Guerci Bruno , Jeanbert Elodie , Demarquet Lea 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveThe primary aim of this study was to identify predictive factors associated with onset of de-novo clinically significant pituitary insufficiencies following endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) for pituitary adenomas. The secondary objective explored the predictive factors of surgical successMethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 211 patients who underwent EES. Logistic regression models were employed for the primary and secondary objectives. Patients were stratified into specific groups based on surgical indications and prolactin levels for nuanced analysis.ResultsSignificant predictors for de-novo pituitary insufficiencies included male sex (OR 3.3, CI95% 1.3-8.1, p=0.01), immediate postoperative insufficiencies (OR 5.6, CI95% 2.8-11.1, p&lt;0.001), and HYPRONOS criteria (OR 5.7, CI95% 1.6-20.9, p=0.008). For surgical success, preoperative insufficiencies (OR 0.7, CI95% 0.5-0.9, p=0.008), repeat surgeries (OR 0.1, CI95% 0-0.4, p=0.001), and gonadotroph or somatotroph adenomas were significant. Age and adenoma size were not predictive in multivariate analysis. Furthermore, we observed a “dip and recover” effect of prolactin after surgery and lower prolactin levels at follow-up (&lt; 3 ng/ml) are correlated with more anterior pituitary insufficiencies than normoprolactinemic patients (p = 0.004).ConclusionThis study identifies key predictors for outcomes in pituitary surgery. Our research is the first to employ individualized success criteria for EES, challenging existing perceptions about the role of age and adenoma size. These findings open avenues for nuanced, individualized preoperative risk assessment and postoperative management.
Mechanical response analysis of the wide-chord hollow fan blade considering the fluid–structure interaction
Authors: Zhang Xinzhe , Wang Xian , Li Guoju , Zhang Yamin , Zhang Guojie 
Published: January 2024

The aero-engine wide-chord hollow fan blade with a cavity stiffener structure can effectively reduce the weight and greatly increase the rotational speed. However, during the high-speed rotation process of the hollow fan, there is a strong coupling effect between the solid domain of the blade and the incoming air. This effect leads to a certain deformation of the rotor blade, which has a large impact on the structural strength of the blade. Aiming at the problem of the fluid–structure interaction in its operation, the finite-element method was used to simulate the two-layer structure of the TC4 titanium alloy wide-chord hollow fan blade. The centrifugal force and fluid–structure coupling effect were considered when carrying out the research on the structural mechanical characteristics of the blade. The results show that the maximum equivalent stress of the blade considering the fluid–structure coupling effect is 508 MPa at the rotational speed of 2,900 r/min, which is approximately 18% higher than the maximum stress when only the centrifugal force is considered. This phenomenon indicates that the effect of aerodynamic force on the blade stress cannot be ignored. The stress concentration area of the blade is located in the third stiffener from the leading edge and near the root of the blade, and the aerodynamic force has a more significant effect on the radial stress distribution of the blade. Further analysis of the equivalent stress distribution along the blade tip direction shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The maximum equivalent stress appears at a distance of 30 mm up to the bottom of the stiffener.
Quantifying interactions in the water-energy-food nexus: data-driven analysis utilizing a causal inference method
Authors: Saed Behdad , Elshorbagy Amin , Razavi Saman 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: There is a pressing need for a holistic approach to optimize water-energy-food (WEF) resources management and to address their interlinkages with other resources due to population growth, socio-economic development, and climate change. However, the structural and spatial extent of the WEF system boundaries cause exponential growth in computational complexity, making exploratory data analysis crucial to obtain insight into the system’s characteristics and focus on critical components.Methods: This study conducts a multiscale investigation of the WEF nexus within the Canadian prairie provinces (Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba), utilizing causal-correlational analysis and the multispatial Convergence Cross Mapping (mCCM) method. Initially, we employed regression analysis to establish equations, along with their coefficients of determination (R2), to identify patterns among pairs of WEF sectors, gross domestic product (GDP), and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Subsequently, we conducted a causal analysis between correlated pairs using the mCCM method to explore the cause-and-effect relationships between sector pairs within the Canadian prairie provinces; both individually and as a single unit over the period 1990-2020.Results and discussion: Results show that energy and water are the most influential sectors on GHG emissions and GDP in the prairies as a whole. Energy has a stronger influence on GHG compared to water and food sectors, while water has the strongest causal influence on the GDP of Alberta, and food and energy do so for Saskatchewan and Manitoba, respectively. The trade-offs for improving WEF nexus security strongly depend on the scale of the system under investigation, highlighting the need for careful deliberations around boundary judgment for decision-making. This study provides a better understanding of the WEF-GDP-GHG nexus in the Canadian prairies and existing interrelationships among the aforementioned sectors, helping to build more efficient WEF nexus models for further simulation and scenario analysis.
Novel cis compound heterozygous variants in MYO6 causes early onset of non-syndromic hearing loss in a Chinese family
Authors: Ji Haiting , Zhang Lichun , Hussain Hafiz Muhammad Jafar , Aftab Ayesha , Yu Huiqian , Xiao Min 
Published: January 2024

Background: Mutations in the MYO6 gene have been associated with both autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (ADNSHL) and autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL), with a cumulative identification of 125 pathogenic variants. To investigate the underlying genetic factor within a Chinese family affected with heriditary hearing loss, prompted the utilization of high-throughput sequencing.Method: A detailed clinical investigation was performed. Genetic testing was performed by using target panel sequencing, and Sanger sequencing. Targeted sequencing identified the variants and Sanger sequencing was employed to validate segregation of the identified variants within family. Additionally, bioinformatics analysis was performed to strengthen our findings.Results: Clinical investigation revealed the family members were affected by progressive and sensorineural hearing loss with an onset around 8–10 years old. Furthermore, genetic testing identified novel MYO6 variants, c.[2377T&gt;G; 2382G&gt;T] p.[Trp793Gly; Lys794Asn], positioned in a cis pattern, as plausible pathogenic contributors to early-onset hearing loss characterized by a severe and progressive course. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis showd disruptin in hydrogen bonding of mutant amino acids with interactive amino acids.Conclusion: Our research uncovered a relationship between mutations in the MYO6 gene and non-syndromic hearing loss. We identified two variants, c.[2377T&gt;G; 2382G&gt;T] p.[Trp793Gly; Lys794Asn] in MYO6 as strong candidates responsible for the observed progressive hereditary hearing loss. This study not only adds to our knowledge about hearing problems related to MYO6 but also reveals the presence of monogenic compound heterozygosity. Our study will provide a new sight for genetic diagnosis in such patients and their management for future use.
Circulating microbiome analysis in patients with perioperative anaphylaxis
Authors: de Chaisemartin Luc , Ciocan Dragos , Gouel-Chéron Aurélie , Granger Vanessa , Longrois Dan , Montravers Philippe , Cassard Anne-Marie , Chollet-Martin Sylvie 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundPerioperative anaphylaxis is a rare and acute systemic manifestation of drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions that occurs following anesthesia induction; the two main classes of drugs responsible for these reactions being neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBA) and antibiotics. The sensitization mechanisms to the drugs are not precisely known, and few risk factors have been described. A growing body of evidence underlines a link between occurrence of allergy and microbiota composition. However, no data exist on microbiota in perioperative anaphylaxis. The aim of this study was to compare circulating microbiota richness and composition between perioperative anaphylaxis patients and matched controls.MethodsCirculating 16s rDNA was quantified and sequenced in serum samples from 20 individuals with fully characterized IgE-mediated NMBA-related anaphylaxis and 20 controls matched on sex, age, NMBA received, type of surgery and infectious status. Microbiota composition was analyzed with a published bioinformatic pipeline and links with patients clinical and biological data investigated.ResultsAnalysis of microbiota diversity showed that anaphylaxis patients seem to have a richer circulating microbiota than controls, but no major differences of composition could be detected with global diversity indexes. Pairwise comparison showed a difference in relative abundance between patients and controls for Saprospiraceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Veillonellaceae, Escherichia-Shigella, Pseudarcicella, Rhodoferax, and Lewinella. Some taxa were associated with concentrations of mast cell tryptase and specific IgE.ConclusionWe did not find a global difference in terms of microbiota composition between anaphylaxis patient and controls. However, several taxa were associated with anaphylaxis patients and with their biological data. These findings must be further confirmed in different settings to broaden our understanding of drug anaphylaxis pathophysiology and identify predisposition markers.
Exposure to common infections may shape basal immunity and potentially HIV-1 acquisition amongst a high-risk population in Coastal Kenya
Authors: Fwambah Lynn , Andisi Cheryl , Streatfield Claire , Bromell Rachel , Hare Jonathan , Esbjörnsson Joakim , Ndung’u Thumbi , Sanders Eduard J. , Hassan Amin S. , Nduati Eunice 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe impact of exposure to endemic infections on basal immunity and susceptibility to HIV-1 acquisition remains uncertain. We hypothesized that exposure to infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), malaria and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in high-risk individuals may modulate immunity and subsequently increase susceptibility to HIV-1 acquisition.MethodsA case-control study nested in an HIV-1 negative high-risk cohort from Coastal Kenya was used. Cases were defined as volunteers who tested HIV-1 positive during follow-up and had a plasma sample collected 3 ± 2 months prior to the estimated date of HIV-1 infection. Controls were individuals who remained HIV-1 negative during the follow-up and were matched 2:1 to cases by sex, age, risk group and follow-up time. STI screening was performed using microscopic and serologic tests. HIV-1 pre-infection plasma samples were used to determined exposure to CMV and malaria using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and to quantify forty-one cytokines and soluble factors using multiplexing assays. Multiplexing data were analyzed using principal component analysis. Associations between cytokines and soluble factors with subsequent HIV-1 acquisition were determined using conditional logistic regression models.Results and discussionOverall, samples from 47 cases and 94 controls were analyzed. While exposure to malaria (p=0.675) and CMV (p=0.470) were not associated with HIV-1 acquisition, exposure to STIs was (48% [95% CI, 33.3 – 63] vs. 26% [95% CI, 17.3 – 35.9]. Ten analytes were significantly altered in cases compared to controls and were clustered into four principal components: PC1 (VEGF, MIP-1β, VEGF-C and IL-4), PC2 (MCP-1, IL-2 and IL-12p70), PC3 (VEGF-D) and PC4 (Eotaxin-3). PC1, which is suggestive of a Th2-modulatory pathway, was significantly associated with HIV-1 acquisition after controlling for STIs (adjusted odds ratio, (95% CI), p-value: 1.51 [1.14 – 2.00], p=0.004). Elevation of Th2-associated pathways may dampen responses involved in viral immunity, leading to enhanced susceptibility to HIV-1 acquisition. Immunomodulatory interventions aimed at inhibiting activation of Th2-associated pathways may be an additional strategy to STI control for HIV-1 prevention and may reduce dampening of immune responses to vaccination.
Sublethal heat treatment enhances lactic acid uptake in macrophages via MCT1, leading to reduced paraspeckle formation and a subsequent decrease in macrophage pyroptosis
Authors: Fan Zhuoyang , Yang Guowei , Luo Rongkui , Qu Xudong , Ye Xiaodan , Wang Jianhua , Yan Zhiping , Shu Minfeng , Zhang Wei , Liu Rong 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionHeat ablation is one of the key modalities in treating liver cancer, yet the residual cancer tissues suffering sublethal heat treatment possess a potential for increased malignancy. This study conducts a comprehensive analysis of cellular dynamics, metabolic shifts, and macrophage polarization within the tumor microenvironment following sublethal heat treatment.MethodsWe observed significant acidification in tumor cell supernatants, attributed to increased lactic acid production. The study focused on how this pH shift, crucial in tumor progression and resistance, influences macrophage polarization, especially towards the M2 phenotype known for tumor-promoting functions. We also examined the upregulation of MCT1 expression post sublethal heat treatment and its primary role in lactic acid transport.ResultsNotably, the study found minimal disparity in MCT1 expression between hepatocellular carcinoma patients and healthy liver tissues, highlighting the complexity of cancer biology. The research further revealed an intricate relationship between lactic acid, MCT1, and the inhibition of macrophage pyroptosis, offering significant insights for therapeutic strategies targeting the tumor immune environment. Post sublethal heat treatment, a reduction in paraspeckle under lactic acid exposure was observed, indicating diverse cellular impacts. Additionally, PKM2 was identified as a key molecule in this context, with decreased levels after sublethal heat treatment in the presence of lactic acid.DiscussionCollectively, these findings illuminate the intertwined mechanisms of sublethal heat treatments, metabolic alterations, and immune modulation in the tumor milieu, providing a deeper understanding of the complex interplay in cancer biology and treatment.
Ankylosing spondylitis: acute/subacute vs. chronic iridocyclitis - a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Hui , Xu Yingying , Guo Qin , Zhang Tiantian , Zhou Shufen , Wu Meimei , Cheng Yuanxiong , Guo Chengshan 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundObservational studies found associations between ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and iridocyclitis (IC), but the causality remained unconfirmed.MethodsWe employed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the bidirectional causal relationships between AS and IC. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were chosen from the FinnGen database’s genome-wide association studies (GWAS) following a rigorous evaluation of the studies’ quality. Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the potential influence of pleiotropy and heterogeneity on the MR findings.ResultsElevated genetic risk for AS showed positive causal effects on IC and its subtypes (IC, OR = 1.094, 95% CI = 1.035-1.157, P = 0.00156; Acute/Subacute IC, OR = 1.327, 95% CI = 1.266-1.392, P = 8.73×10-32; Chronic IC, OR = 1.454, 95% CI = 1.308-1.618, P = 5.19×10-12). Significant causal association was specifically observed between Acute/Subacute IC and AS (OR = 1.944, 95% CI = 1.316-2.873, P = 8.38×10-4). Sensitivity analysis suggested that horizontal pleiotropy was unlikely to influence the causality, and the leave-one-out analysis confirmed that a single SNP did not drive the observed associations.ConclusionOur findings provide new proof of a positive causal relationship between AS and IC in the European population. Notably, it is Acute/Subacute IC, rather than IC as a whole or Chronic IC, that is associated with an elevated risk of AS. These results emphasize the significance of considering AS characteristics in the diagnosis of Acute/Subacute IC.
Characterizing ligand-receptor interactions and unveiling the pro-tumorigenic role of CCL16-CCR1 axis in the microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Dai Zongbo , Wang Yu , Sun Ning , Zhang Chengshuo 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment significantly influences the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, with cell communication through ligand-receptor complexes playing a central role.MethodsWe conducted single-cell transcriptomic analysis on ten HCC tissues to identify ligand-receptor genes involved in malignant HCC cell communication using CellChat. Leveraging RNA-Seq data from the TCGA Liver Cancer (TCGA-LIHC) and Liver Cancer - RIKEN, JP (LIRI-JP) cohorts, we employed Cox regression analysis to screen for prognosis-related genes. Prognostic risk models were constructed through unsupervised clustering and differential gene expression analysis. Subsequently, a co-culture system involving tumor cells and macrophages was established. A series of experiments, including Transwell assays, immunofluorescence staining, immunoprecipitation, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry, were conducted to elucidate the mechanism through which HCC cells recruit macrophages via the CCL16-CCR1 axis.ResultsSingle-cell analysis unveiled significant interactions between malignant HCC cells and macrophages, identifying 76 related ligand-receptor genes. Patients were classified into three subtypes based on the expression patterns of eight prognosis-related ligand-receptor genes. The subtype with the worst prognosis exhibited reduced infiltration of T cell-related immune cells, downregulation of immune checkpoint genes, and increased M2-like tumor-associated macrophage scores. In vitro experiments confirmed the pivotal role of the CCL16-CCR1 axis in the recruitment and M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. Clinical samples demonstrated a significant association between CCL16 protein expression levels and advanced stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining further confirmed the correlation between CCL16 and CCR1, CD68, and CD206, as well as CD68+CCR1+ macrophage infiltration.ConclusionsOur study identified molecular subtypes, a prognostic model, and immune microenvironment features based on ligand-receptor interactions in malignant HCC cell communication. Moreover, we revealed the pro-tumorigenic role of HCC cells in recruiting M2-like tumor-associated macrophages through the CCL16-CCR1 axis.