bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The NERLE model–a tool for assessing the quality of intralingual subtitles at live events
Authors: Moores Zoe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFor many years, the NER model has been used to assess the quality of live subtitles created by respeaking on television. In this article, I present and explore the NERLE model, an adaptation of the NER for use at Live Events (LE). This new setting is a dynamic one. When subtitles created within it were assessed with the NER model, many new categories of error were seen which proved complicated to classify, rendering the regular pathways of analysis offered by the NER model insufficient. Some errors resulted from the new, more complex, workflow and set up required at events and others from the new communicative possibilities that live events offer: audience members and people speaking at events are able to interact with respeakers and react and respond to the subtitles they produce in a way that people in a television programme cannot. This change, combined with the more complex access provision and accuracy assessment that live events entail demand that additional steps are incorporated within the NER model analysis workflow to make it applicable to this setting. The article begins with a review of how the NER model developed within the landscape of subtitle accuracy analysis; next the process involved in using the scoring system of the NER model, as the basis for the NERLE model, is examined; finally, the refinements of the NERLE model are presented and the scoring of a number of scenarios is also discussed. It concludes with suggestions for further exploration and applications of the model.
A multiobjective optimization approach for threshold determination in extreme value analysis for financial time series
Authors: Chu Carlin C. F. , Li Simon S. W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe literature on the extreme value theory threshold optimization problem for multiple time series analysis does not consider determining a single optimal tail probability for all marginal distributions. With multiple tail probabilities, their discrepancy results in a differing number of exceedances, which may favour a particular marginal series. In this study, we propose a single optimal tail probability by integrating trade-offs among multiple time series within an MOO framework. Mathematically, our approach links the peaks-over-threshold technique and goal programming technique by developing a set of regression functions, which represent continuous paths of possible tail areas for multiple time series, and we formulate them at the desired levels within a multiobjective optimization framework. The optimal solution is found as the minimum Chebyshev variant weighted value. Our approach advances the development of the peaks-over-threshold method by considering the characteristics of a group of time series collectively instead of independently. The proposed optimal tail probability can be considered an optimal reference point for practical risk investment portfolio analysis that employs an identical tail size across multiple time series data. The daily log returns of four U.S. stock market indices, namely, S&P 500, NASDAQ Composite, NYSE Composite, and Russell 2000, from 1 July 1992 to 30 June 2022 are studied empirically.
Research and application flow-based live-streaming shopping towards compulsive buying
Authors: Ye Min , Ching Tan Chai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe purposes of this research were: (1) to study and justify customer behaviors in live-streaming e-commerce; (2) to study the flow state drivers and post-flow state mediators as crucial factors influencing compulsive buying; (3) to analyze a quantitative survey is used to collect the data. Artificial neural networks and structural equation modeling (SEM) provide the analysis for evaluating the validity of the hypotheses; and (4) to find both theoretical and practical implications provide many insights to help expand the understanding of consumer behaviors in live-streaming e-commerce. The samples used in this study were 517 valid persons who are frequently watching live-streaming e-commerce in China. The stimulus-organism-response (SOR) model captures the stimuli (both personal and flow activity levels), the organism (trust, enjoyment, and flow experience), and the responses (represented by loyalty, addiction, and compulsive buying). Theoretical Contributions is that the validated SEM structure shares the pattern of the SOR model, capturing the stimuli (both personal and flow activity levels), the organism (trust, enjoyment, and flow experience), and responses (represented by loyalty, addiction, and compulsive buying). Practical Implications is that Consumer behavior should be guided by notions of social capital, social exchange, and trust. The social context is an essential stimulant in a socio-commercial environment like live streaming e-commerce. This study gives several examples, such as the capacity of perceived social values to increase consumer trust predictably; and the social influence on consumers to elicit affective emotions like enjoyment through interactions and support from others throughout the decision-making process and in the environment of live-streamed shopping.
Acting as a Mental Health Expert by Experience and Its Impact on Social Identity
Authors: Soronen Kari 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study was conducted to examine the construction of social identity among mental health experts by experience working in Finnish municipal mental healthcare services. The construction of social identity is approached as an ongoing lifelong process that is significantly affected by lived experiences with mental health problems and recovery from them. The research data consist of focus group discussions, and the analysis is based on a thematic design that is initially material-driven. As a result, four categories are formed to describe the effect of acting as an expert by experience on social identity and the importance of the issue. Experts by experience have to consider profound questions about their identity and future in their new life situation. The individual meanings of acting as an expert by experience are considered particularly important. The support provided by group members builds confidence in one’s chances of success and thereby supports the development of social identity. Social identities of experts by experience are partially built in encounters with professionals representing the mental health care system. This creates opportunities for new roles for those who act as experts by experience.
The effect of stress on rates of asexual reproduction in an invasive planarian
Authors: Rock Sebastian L. , Oudendijk Zowi , Kürten Fabian T. , Veglia Leonardo , Tyukosova Valentina , Bourtzi Ioanna , Verzé Nicholas , Sloggett John J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAnimal reproduction under stressful conditions is often reduced, with current survival and future reproduction being generally traded off against current reproductive activity. This study examines the impacts of physical and chemical stressors on the rates of asexual reproduction of the invasive planarian Girardia tigrina. 320 wild-caught planaria (mixed size class) were kept individually in Petri dishes such that their individual rates of fission through fragmentation could be easily monitored. Four treatment groups were compared, one chemical (5 mg/L ammonia) and one physical (decapitation), in comparison to a negative control (animals were starved of food) and a positive control where the animals were given an abundance of food. The two treatment groups immediately began reproducing asexually and accumulated the highest number of fissions over the course of the 12-day investigation period, while the positive control only began to fission after 7 days. We propose that the reproductive response observed here is an adaptive one to stressful conditions, whereby the likelihood of survival through numerical abundance is enhanced, although the size and vulnerability of resulting fragments may impose a balancing cost. The response may play a role in the invasiveness of G. tigrina by making it able to colonize environments where adverse conditions prevail.
The Effect of Glycine and N-Acetylcysteine on Oxidative Stress in the Spinal Cord and Skeletal Muscle After Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Xu Xin , Zhang Chun-Jia , Talifu Zuliyaer , Liu Wu-Bo , Li Ze-Hui , Wang Xiao-Xin , Du Hua-Yong , Ke Han , Yang De-Gang , Gao Feng , Du Liang-Jie , Yu Yan , Jing Ying-Li , Li Jian-Jun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOxidative stress is a frequently occurring pathophysiological feature of spinal cord injury (SCI) and can result in secondary injury to the spinal cord and skeletal muscle atrophy. Studies have reported that glycine and N-acetylcysteine (GlyNAC) have anti-aging and anti-oxidative stress properties; however, to date, no study has assessed the effect of GlyNAC in the treatment of SCI. In the present work, we established a rat model of SCI and then administered GlyNAC to the animals by gavage at a dose of 200 mg/kg for four consecutive weeks. The BBB scores of the rats were significantly elevated from the first to the eighth week after GlyNAC intervention, suggesting that GlyNAC promoted the recovery of motor function; it also promoted the significant recovery of body weight of the rats. Meanwhile, the 4-week heat pain results also suggested that GlyNAC intervention could promote the recovery of sensory function in rats to some extent. Additionally, after 4 weeks, the levels of glutathione and superoxide dismutase in spinal cord tissues were significantly elevated, whereas that of malondialdehyde was significantly decreased in GlyNAC-treated animals. The gastrocnemius wet weight ratio and total antioxidant capacity were also significantly increased. After 8 weeks, the malondialdehyde level had decreased significantly in spinal cord tissue, while reactive oxygen species accumulation in skeletal muscle had decreased. These findings suggested that GlyNAC can protect spinal cord tissue, delay skeletal muscle atrophy, and promote functional recovery in rats after SCI.
Transformation- and twinning-induced plasticity in phase-separated bcc Nb-Zr alloys: an atomistic study
Authors: Hasan Md Mahmudul , Srinivasan Srivilliputhur G. , Choudhuri Deep 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSeveral high-temperature body-centered cubic (bcc) structural materials such as Nb-, Zr- and Ti-based alloys undergo phase separation, which is a second-order phase transformation, whereby the host lattice decomposes into distinct bcc domains with different compositions. Using atomistic simulations, we studied the high-strain-rate response of bcc-forming Nb–xZr (x = 0, 25, 50 at.%) alloys. To induce phase separation in our starter alloy, we first employed hybrid Monte Carlo/Molecular Dynamics simulations in single crystals of Nb–xZr at 1000 K. Subsequently, these crystals were deformed along different crystallographic orientations ($$\langle 001\rangle$$

⟨
001
⟩

, $$\langle 110\rangle$$

⟨
110
⟩

and $$\langle 111\rangle$$

⟨
111
⟩

) at a strain rate of $$10^{+8} s^{-1}$$

10

+
8

s

-
1

, to investigate orientation dependent mechanical response. The phase-separated Nb–xZr microstructures exhibited distinct bcc domains enriched in either Zr or Nb. Notably, Nb-50 at.%Zr contained coarser Zr-domains compared to Nb-25 at.%Zr. The Zr-rich domains acted as “soft” inclusions, resulting in reduced peak strengths in the following order: pure Nb (Nb-0 at.%Zr) > Nb-25 at.%Zr > Nb-50 at.%Zr. This implies that phase separation causes softening in Nb–xZr. We also discovered two deformation pathways that depended on the crystallographic orientation: (i) For deformation along $$\langle 110\rangle$$

⟨
110
⟩

and $$\langle 111\rangle$$

⟨
111
⟩

directions: Elastic deformation was followed by dislocation plasticity on $$\{110\}\langle 111\rangle$$

{
110
}
⟨
111
⟩

slip systems; and (ii) For deformation along $$\langle 001\rangle$$

⟨
001
⟩

direction: Elastic deformation was followed by the formation of a volumetric fcc structure, twinning on {112}$$\langle 111\rangle$$

⟨
111
⟩

system, and the formation fcc-phase at the twin/matrix interfacial regions. This was ultimately accompanied by dislocation plasticity on $$\{110\}\langle 111\rangle$$

{
110
}
⟨
111
⟩

slip system. The bcc$$\rightarrow$$
→
fcc displacive transformation facilitated {112}$$\langle 111\rangle$$

⟨
111
⟩

twinning when Nb–xZr was deformed along $$\langle 001\rangle$$

⟨
001
⟩

. Our investigation shows that softening of bcc alloys can result from a coupling of mechanisms involving local solute segregation, displacive phase transformation and twinning occurring across multiple slip planes.
Beyond Microbial Biodegradation: Plastic Degradation by Galleria mellonella
Authors: Boschi Andrea , Scieuzo Carmen , Salvia Rosanna , Arias Clemente F. , Perez Rosa Peces , Bertocchini Federica , Falabella Patrizia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOne of the major environmental issues that modern civilizations are currently dealing with is the growing amount of plastic waste. Because of how they affect all forms of life, this waste is seen as a severe worldwide issue. Current methods for plastic waste disposal do not offer definitive solutions and often lead to the production of microplastics or secondary pollution. In recent years there has been a growing interest by the scientific community in the degradation of plastics by biological means, in particular the possibilities of using insects as a potential solution to the accumulation of this type of waste have been investigated. Among these, one of the most promising is undoubtedly the lepidopteran Galleria mellonella, which synthesizes the first ever discovered polyethylene degrading enzymes. In this review we propose an overview of plastic polymers production and common degradation methodologies, and analyses the current state of the art about the degradation carried out by this insect.
Evaluation of natural radioactivity and assessment of dose increase due to the use of fertilizers produced in Poland
Authors: Szaciłowski Grzegorz 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSome types of fertilizers may contain various amounts of natural radionuclides like 238U, 232Th, 226Ra, 40K (Kuzmanoviæ et al. in J Radioanal Nucl Chem 331(12):5825–5834, 2022. 10.1007/s10967-022-08646-x; H Hamamo et al. in J Radioanal Nucl Chem 194(2): 331–336, 1995. 10.1007/BF02038431; M García-León et al. in J Radioanal Nucl Chem 197(1): 173–184, 1995. 10.1007/BF02040229). In this study 16 samples of commercially available fertilizers produced in Poland were selected for preliminary radiological evaluation. The samples were measured by means of low background gamma spectrometry. The results showed high concentrations of 40K in potassium and multinutrient fertilizers (2.3–13.8 kBq kg−1), and relatively high concentrations of uranium and radium isotopes in phosphate fertilizers. The obtained results allowed to calculate radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate increase and increase in annual effective dose equivalent.
Early Insights into Implementation of Universal Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment for Perinatal Substance Use
Authors: Reese Sarah E. , Glover Annie , Fitch Stephanie , Salyer Joe , Lofgren Valerie , McCracken III Clayton “Tersh” 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Perinatal substance use is a growing concern across the United States. Universal screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is one systems-level approach to addressing perinatal substance use. The objective of this study is to assess early efforts to implement SBIRT in an outpatient obstetric clinic.

Methods
The research team implemented universal screening with the 5 P’s screening tool. Providers then engaged patients in a brief intervention and referred to a care manager who then worked with patients via tele-health to connect patients with needed services. Feasibility was measured through the collection of aggregate data describing frequency of universal screening and referral to treatment. The implementation team met bi-weekly to reflect on implementation barriers and facilitators.

Results
In the first year of implementation, 48.5% of patients receiving care in the clinic completed the 5 P’s screener at least once during the perinatal period. Screening occurred in a little over a quarter (26.5%) of eligible visits. Of the 463 patients that completed the 5 P’s at least once during the perinatal period, 195 (42%) unique patients screened positive (answered yes to at least one question).

Conclusions for Practice
Early implementation efforts suggest this approach is feasible in this obstetric setting. Similar implementation studies should consider implementing universal screening for substance use and perinatal mood and anxiety disorders simultaneously; guide efforts using an implementation framework; invest resources in more intensive training and ongoing coaching for providers; and adopt strategies to track frequency and fidelity of brief intervention.
Young temperate tree species show different fine root acclimation capacity to growing season water availability
Authors: Jaeger Florentin C. , Handa I. Tanya , Paquette Alain , Parker William C. , Messier Christian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and aimsChanges in water availability during the growing season are becoming more frequent due to climate change. Our study aimed to compare the fine-root acclimation capacity (plasticity) of six temperate tree species aged six years and exposed to high or low growing season soil water availability over five years.MethodsRoot samples were collected from the five upper strata of mineral soil to a total soil depth of 30 cm in monoculture plots ofAcer saccharumMarsh.,Betula papyriferaMarsh.,Larix laricinaK. Koch,Pinus strobusL.,Picea glauca(Moench) Voss andQuercus rubraL. established at the International Diversity Experiment Network with Trees (IDENT) field experiment in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada. Four replicates of each monoculture were subjected to high or low water availability treatments.ResultsAbsorptive fine root density increased by 67% forLarix laricina, and 90% forPicea glauca, under the high-water availability treatment at 0–5 cm soil depth. The two late successional, slower growing tree species,Acer saccharumandPicea glauca,showed higher plasticity in absorptive fine root biomass in the upper 5 cm of soil (PIv = 0.36 & 0.54 respectively), and lower plasticity in fine root depth over the entire 30 cm soil profile compared to the early successional, faster growing tree speciesBetula papyriferaandLarix laricina.ConclusionTemperate tree species show contrasting acclimation responses in absorptive fine root biomass and rooting depth to differences in water availability. Some of these responses vary with tree species successional status and seem to benefit both early and late successional tree species.
Local Competition, Multimarket Contact, and Product Quality: Evidence From Internet Service Provision
Authors: Wilson Kyle 
Published: November 2023

AbstractI investigate the effect of competition on quality in the internet service provision industry: I examine both local competition within markets and multimarket contact among firms across markets. This industry offers an ideal setting, as quality is both objective and measurable. I use data from speedtest.net from 2008 to 2014 to estimate a reduced-form model of the effects of local competition and multimarket contact on realized consumer download speeds. I find that increased multimarket contact leads to decreased download speeds, which is consistent with the mutual forbearance hypothesis. I also find that duopolies lead to faster download speeds than do monopolies, but that further increases in the number of competitors decrease speeds.
Dynamics of Large-Scale Solar Flows
Authors: Hotta Hideyuki , Bekki Yuto , Gizon Laurent , Noraz Quentin , Rast Mark 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Sun’s axisymmetric large-scale flows, differential rotation and meridional circulation, are thought to be maintained by the influence of rotation on the thermal-convective motions in the solar convection zone. These large-scale flows are crucial for maintaining the Sun’s global magnetic field. Over the last several decades, our understanding of large-scale motions in the Sun has significantly improved, both through observational and theoretical efforts. Helioseismology has constrained the flow topology in the solar interior, and the growth of supercomputers has enabled simulations that can self-consistently generate large-scale flows in rotating spherical convective shells. In this article, we review our current understanding of solar convection and the large-scale flows present in the Sun, including those associated with the recently discovered inertial modes of oscillation. We discuss some issues still outstanding, and provide an outline of future efforts needed to address these.
A survey on IoT trust model frameworks
Authors: Ferraris Davide , Fernandez-Gago Carmen , Roman Rodrigo , Lopez Javier 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTrust can be considered as a multidisciplinary concept, which is strongly related to the context and it falls in different fields such as Philosophy, Psychology or Computer Science. Trust is fundamental in every relationship, because without it, an entity will not interact with other entities. This aspect is very important especially in the Internet of Things (IoT), where many entities produced by different vendors and created for different purposes have to interact among them through the internet often under uncertainty. Trust can overcome this uncertainty, creating a strong basis to ease the process of interaction among these entities. We believe that considering trust in the IoT is fundamental, and in order to implement it in any IoT entity, it is fundamental to consider it through the whole System Development Life Cycle. In this paper, we propose an analysis of different works that consider trust for the IoT. We will focus especially on the analysis of frameworks that have been developed in order to include trust in the IoT. We will make a classification of them providing a set of parameters that we believe are fundamental in order to properly consider trust in the IoT. Thus, we will identify important aspects to be taken into consideration when developing frameworks that implement trust in the IoT, finding gaps and proposing possible solutions.
Acaricidal and insecticidal activity of essential oils obtained from the aerial parts of three Mexican Bursera species
Authors: Krengel Felix , Pavela Roman , Ocampo-Bautista Fidel , Guevara-Fefer Patricia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn search of new sustainable biopesticides, we determined the phytochemical profiles, acaricidal and insecticidal properties of EOs distilled from the aerial parts of three Mexican Bursera species. Results were obtained by GC–MS analysis and three different bioassays, indicating that the EO of Bursera glabrifolia exhibited high relative abundancies of α-pinene, β-myrcene, and α-phellandrene, as well as promising pesticidal activity against Spodoptera littoralis larvae (LD50,90 = 32.4, 107.2 µg/larva), and Musca domestica (LD50,90 = 23.2, 103.2, and 13.5, 77.4 µg/female or male adult, respectively) and Tetranychus urticae adults (LD50,90 = 7.4, 30.3 µg/cm2). The Bursera lancifolia and Bursera linanoe samples contained mainly D-limonene or linalyl acetate and linalool, respectively, and showed generally less potent pesticidal properties (S. littoralis larva, LD50,90 = 45.4, 154.4 and 52.2, 158.7 µg/larva, respectively; female M. domestica adult, LD50,90 = 69.2, 210.9 and 45.1, 243.8 µg/female adult, respectively; T. urticae adults, LD50,90 = 20.7, 90.5 and 17.5, 71.4 µg/cm2, respectively). However, the EO of B. linanoe exhibited an especially pronounced activity against male M. domestica adults (LD50,90 = 10.6, 77.2 µg/male adult). Our findings prove the pesticidal potential of Mexican Bursera species in the context of integrated pest management (IPM) and highlight the importance of conducting further research to elucidate both the active principles and possibly existing synergistic effects.