bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Temperature Resistant Solar‐Blind Ultraviolet Photosensor for Neuromorphic Computing and Cryptography
Authors: Chen Yancheng , Li Ying , Niu Shifeng , Yang Xun , Dou Wenjie , Shan Chongxin , Shen Guozhen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHigh‐temperature resistant solar‐blind optoelectronic synapse has a significant demand such as aerospace and fire warning, which integrates sensing and processing functions to realize complex functions like learning, recognition, and memory. However, developing such device remains a tremendous challenge. Herein, a two‐terminal GaOX solar‐blind optoelectronic synapse with high‐temperature working ability is proposed, and it is applied to neuromorphic computing and cryptography. Benefiting from the high internal gain, the device can detect the light intensity of nW cm−2, displaying one of the best figures‐of‐merit in solar‐blind photodetectors. Furthermore, the device possesses remarkable image sensing and memorization ability because of its ultrasensitive light detection ability and prominent synapse performance resulting from large charge trapping states density. Simultaneously, the device shows undamped photodetection and synaptic performances even at 610 K, reflecting a high‐temperature endurance and a desired property for practical applications under harsh environment. Moreover, by constructing an artificial neural network, high‐precision recognition of handwritten digits are realized under 610 K. A photosynaptic array with 12 × 12 pixels is constructed, and it is applied in cryptography that enables simultaneous sensing and encryption in the same devices. This work is expected to drive the progress of Ga2O3 in harsh environment.
Flexible Polymer Electrodes for Stable Prosthetic Visual Perception in Mice
Authors: Orlemann Corinne , Boehler Christian , Kooijmans Roxana N. , Li Bingshuo , Asplund Maria , Roelfsema Pieter R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBrain interfaces that can stimulate neurons, cause minimal damage, and work for a long time will be central for future neuroprosthetics. Here, the long‐term performance of highly flexible, thin polyimide shanks with several small (<15 µm) electrodes during electrical microstimulation of the visual cortex, is reported. The electrodes exhibit a remarkable stability when several billions of electrical pulses are applied in vitro. When the devices are implanted in the primary visual cortex (area V1) of mice and the animals are trained to detect electrical microstimulation, it is found that the perceptual thresholds are 2–20 microamperes (µA), which is far below the maximal currents that the electrodes can withstand. The long‐term functionality of the devices in vivo is excellent, with stable performance for up to more than a year and little damage to the brain tissue. These results demonstrate the potential of thin floating electrodes for the long‐term restoration of lost sensory functions.
Boosting Checkpoint Immunotherapy with Biomimetic Nanodrug Delivery Systems
Authors: Chen Wenjing , Tang Chenlu , Chen Guijin , Li Jiale , Li Nengjin , Zhang Hanwen , Di Liuqing , Wang Ruoning 
Published: February 2024

AbstractImmune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has achieved unprecedented progress in tumor immunotherapy by blocking specific immune checkpoint molecules. However, the high biodistribution of the drug prevents it from specifically targeting tumor tissues, leading to immune‐related adverse events. Biomimetic nanodrug delivery systems (BNDSs) readily applicable to ICB therapy have been widely developed at the preclinical stage to avoid immune‐related adverse events. By exploiting or mimicking complex biological structures, the constructed BNDS as a novel drug delivery system has good biocompatibility and certain tumor‐targeting properties. Herein, the latest findings regarding the aforementioned therapies associated with ICB therapy are highlighted. Simultaneously, prospective bioinspired engineering strategies can be designed to overcome the four‐level barriers to drug entry into lesion sites. In future clinical translation, BNDS‐based ICB combination therapy represents a promising avenue for cancer treatment.
Carboxylating Elastomer via Thiol‐Ene Click Reaction to Improve Miscibility with Conjugated Polymers for Mechanically Robust Organic Solar Cells with Efficiency of 19%
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Chen Qiaomei , Li Mengdi , Zhang Guangcong , Zhang Zhou , Deng Xiangmeng , Xue Jingwei , Zhao Chaowei , Xiao Chengyi , Ma Wei , Li Weiwei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIncorporating flexible insulating polymers is a straightforward strategy to enhance the mechanical properties of rigid conjugated polymers, enabling their use in flexible electronic devices. However, maintaining electronic characteristics simultaneously is challenging due to the poor miscibility between insulating polymers and conjugated polymers. This study introduces the carboxylation of insulating polymers as an effective strategy to enhance miscibility with conjugated polymers via surface energy modulation and hydrogen bonding. The carboxylated elastomer, synthesized via a thiol‐ene click reaction, closely matches the surface energy of the conjugated polymer. This significantly improves the mechanical properties, achieving a high crack‐onset strain of 21.48%, surpassing that (5.93%) of the unmodified elastomer:conjugated polymer blend. Upon incorporating the carboxylated elastomer into PM6:L8‐BO‐based organic solar cells, an impressive power conversion efficiency of 19.04% is attained, which top‐performs among insulating polymer‐incorporated devices and outperforms devices with unmodified elastomer or neat PM6:L8‐BO. The superior efficiency is attributed to the optimized microstructures and enhanced crystallinity for efficient and balanced charge transport, and suppressed charge recombination. Furthermore, flexible devices with 5% carboxylated elastomer exhibit superior mechanical stability, retaining ≈88.9% of the initial efficiency after 40 000 bending cycles at a 1 mm radius, surpassing ≈83.5% for devices with 5% unmodified elastomer.
Irreversible Ca2B2O5‐Based Multicolor Mechanoluminescence for Security Labels
Authors: Li Xi , Sun Junlu , Huang Wentao , Jiao Fuhang , Deng Yuan , Zhang Wei , Xiao Ying , Shan Chong‐Xin , Dong Lin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs the Internet of Things (IoT) continues its pervasive influence and digital technologies increasingly weave into the fabric of daily lives, the imperative for robust security measures becomes paramount to mitigate the escalating risks to the digital landscape. Traditional anti‐counterfeiting technologies, while capable to some extent, are constrained by factors such as material toxicity, low‐security efficacy, and intricate fabrication process. Mechanoluminescent materials have shown great potential in the areas of anti‐counterfeiting and security. Here, a multicolor mechanoluminescent (ML) material (lanthanide doped Ca2B2O5) synthesized by solid‐phase reaction is reported for the first time at a relatively lower temperature of 750 °C. The ML devices are obtained by embedding ML materials into polydimethylsiloxane elastomer, allowing for stress visualization with colors ranging from blue and green to orange and red. Through elaborate co‐doping, successive and accurate stress visualizations are realized. Finally, security labels based on the lanthanide ions doped Ca2B2O5 are prepared and also demonstrated to safeguard valuable packages. This work provides a novel multicolor ML material and pioneers its use in security labels, offering a universal solution for multicolor display, information security, dynamic anti‐counterfeiting, and other potential applications within the realm of IoT.
Synthetic Route to Benzostannoles via Al−Li‐dimetal Intermediate and Their Application to Dibenzofulvene Synthesis
Authors: Kurokawa Rei , Kinoshita Hidenori , Miura Katsukiyo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBenzostannoles were synthesized from commercially available and easily accessible substrates. The ring construction proceeds via an Al−Li‐dimetal intermediate generated in situ from 1‐bromo‐2‐(silylethynyl)benzenes. This methodology provided various 2‐silylbenzostannoles in 32% to 97% yields. The benzostannoles obtained were converted into dibenzofulvenes by treatment with 1,2‐dibromobenzenes in the presence of a Pd catalyst. This transformation yielded various types of symmetrical and unsymmetrical dibenzofulvenes, with combination of the benzostannoles and 1,2‐dibromobenzenes.
Ring‐Opening Amino Esterification of Cyclic Ketones to Access Distal Amino Acid Derivatives
Authors: Tomiya Ishin , Wu Yuhao , Hyodo Kengo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study developed a method of synthesizing distal amino acid derivatives by the ring‐opening reaction of cyclic ketones, following the amino esterification functionalization of both terminals. To achieve this goal, we performed the ring‐opening reaction of cyclic ketones with an aminating reagent and alcohol under metal‐ and photocatalysis‐free conditions in a single step. The method directly afforded distal amino acid derivatives bearing C4−C6, C8, and C12 carbon main chains, such as γ, δ, and ϵ‐amino esters. The obtained amino esters were simply transformed into amino acids by hydrolysis.
Base‐Promoted Structural Rearrangement of Ynamide and Simultaneous N‐Desulfonylation
Authors: Reddy Mutra Mohana , Chandana T. L. , Chang Chung‐Wei , Wang Jeh‐Jeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHerein, we describe a base‐promoted regioselective and chemoselective cascade cyclization, ynamide N−Csp bond cleavage, selective intramolecular 1,3‐migration, and simultaneous N‐desulfonylation strategy for the synthesis of 2‐phenyl‐3‐(phenylethynyl)‐1H‐indole derivatives. We observed multiple bond breaking (−N−Ts, and Csp2−Ts, Csp2−I/Csp2−SePh) from (E)‐3‐(1‐iodo‐2‐phenyl‐2‐tosylvinyl)‐2‐phenyl‐1‐tosyl‐indole/(E)‐2‐phenyl‐3‐(2‐phenyl‐1‐(phenylselanyl)‐2‐tosylvinyl)‐1‐tosyl‐indole derivatives to prepare 2‐phenyl‐3‐(phenylethynyl)‐1H‐indole in 15–60 min using our standard reaction conditions. A gram‐scale experiment as well as postsynthetic transformations of the synthesized 2‐phenyl‐3‐(phenylethynyl)‐1H‐indole were performed to exhibit the advantages of this synthetic methodology.
Exploring Spin Dynamics in Diatomic Co2 Catalysts on Graphyne for Enhanced Co Electroreduction
Authors: Zhao Shuang‐Te , Zhang Wei , Zhang Xue‐long , Lin Cun‐biao , Chen Wen‐xian , Zhuang Gui‐lin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInvestigating spin dynamics in electrocatalysis is crucial for the rational design of magnetically heterogeneous catalysts. Utilizing spin‐polarized density functional theory calculation, herein, the spin dynamic of diatomic Co₂‐supported γ‐graphyne (Co2‐GY) catalysts during the process of CO electroreduction (eCORR) is identified, focusing on the effect of the applied potential and acidity on spin dynamic and catalytic performance. In particular, the obtained Co2‐GY shows a new efficient C2 pathway of CH2* + CHO* coupling mechanism, resulting in the optimal CH3CH2OH product with ∆G of 0.50 eV and the selectivity of 99.99% under alkaline conditions. Under acidic media, Co2‐GY exhibits the optimal C1 product (CH3OH) with ∆G of 0.27 eV and a selectivity of 99.99%. During CO electroreduction, the reaction environment (pH and applied potential) influences spin dynamics in catalyst‐reactant systems, affecting the spin transition of diatomic Co2 active sites among four magnetic states: ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, paramagnetic, and diamagnetic. These findings will be helpful for the rational design of transition‐metal heterogeneous catalysts.
Experimental Investigation of Superconductivity in PdSSe Under High Pressure
Authors: Liu Sirui , Zhao Xingbin , Song Hao , Lv Xindeng , Chen Jiajun , Dan Yaqian , Huang Yanping , Cui Tian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAnalysis of the superconducting properties of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) under high pressures offers valuable insights to guide the design and synthesis of high‐performance superconducting materials. Herein, the effect of pressure is investigated on the superconductivity of a typical van der Waals layered TMDs material, PdSSe, by measuring its transport properties. After initially increased pressure, superconductivity emerges at 10.2 GPa, with a critical superconducting temperature (Tc) of ≈5.1 K, accompanied by the diminishing charge density wave (CDW) that is originally strengthening. Then, the Tc gradually increases with increasing pressure, reaching 12.1 K at the maximum pressure. The study provides experimental evidence for the superconductivity of PdSSe, and to the best of the knowledge, this is the first report on the observation of amplified CDW phenomena under increasing pressure in nonmagnetic TMDs. The abnormal enhancement of CDW transition temperature at low pressure is consistent with the upward trend of resistance, which is related to the electron–electron interaction. Moreover, synchrotron X‐ray diffraction experiments reveal two additional structural phase transitions.
New Recipe for Enhancing the Thermoelectric Performance in Topological Materials Carrying Single‐Pair Weyl Points Fermions and Phonons
Authors: Ding Guangqian , Wang Jianhua , Wu Hong , Wang Wenhong , Li Dengfeng , Li Xiao‐Ping , Wang Xiaotian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe emergence of various topological semimetal states presents a novel opportunity for enhancing the efficiency of thermoelectric transport. This study introduces a recipe to improve the thermoelectric (TE) performance in topological materials containing single‐pair Weyl points (SP WPs) fermions and phonons. The recipe focuses on two key factors contributing to the enhancement of TE performance: the increase in the density of states to achieve a high power factor, and the introduction of additional phonon scattering to reduce the lattice thermal conductivity. The proposed recipe is confirmed in a half‐metallic SP WPs material BaNiIO6 through first‐principles methods. An enhanced density of states arises near the energy of the SP WPs in BaNiIO6, leading to a peak power factor connected to the complex Fermi surface due to the degeneracy of Weyl pockets in energy. Furthermore, it is shown that the SP WPs phonons in BaNiIO6 possess a high scattering rate and can likely contribute to the low lattice thermal conductivity, especially when two crossing points in SP WPs do not degenerate in frequency. The new recipe can be used for discovering high‐performance thermoelectric materials in the future by utilizing the transport advantages of degenerate‐in‐energy SP WPs fermions and non‐degenerate‐in‐frequency SP WPs phonons.
Indirect Liftoff Mechanism for High‐Throughput, Single‐Source Laser Scribing for Perovskite Solar Modules
Authors: Flick Austin C. , Rolston Nicholas , Dauskardt Reinhold H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA high‐throughput, single‐source laser scribing method exploiting a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) indirect liftoff mechanism is developed to produce serially interconnected perovskite solar modules. The TCO‐based indirect liftoff mechanism relies solely on laser absorption in the front transparent electrode material reducing thermal damage to the overlying layers and allowing for fast scribing speeds with low‐cost μs‐pulse duration fiber laser systems. Minimal resistive power losses are observed with the method compared to conventional ablative laser scribes, maintaining the power conversion efficiencies of small‐area devices (≈0.2 cm2) across significantly larger deposition areas (≈1 cm2). Demonstrating > 3 m s−1 processing speeds, TCO‐based liftoff provides the highest throughput laser scribing method for thin‐film photovoltaic devices produced on glass/TCO substrates, capable of processing large‐area perovskite solar modules at a manufacturing scale.
Bulk‐Heterojunction Electrocatalysts in Confined Geometry Boosting Stable, Acid/Alkaline‐Universal Water Electrolysis
Authors: Jang Gyu Yong , Kim Sungsoon , Choi Jinu , Park Jeonghwan , An SiEon , Baek Jihyun , Li Yuzhe , Liu Tae‐Kyung , Kim Eugene , Lee Jung Hwan , Wang Haotian , Kim MinJoong , Cho Hyun‐Seok , Zheng Xiaolin , Yoo Jong Suk , Seo Kwanyong , Park Jong Hyeok 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlkaline water splitting electrocatalysts have been studied for decades; however, many difficulties remain for commercialization, such as sluggish hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) kinetics and poor catalytic stability. Herein, by mimicking the bulk‐heterojunction morphology of conventional organic solar cells, a uniform 10 nm scale nanocube is reported that consists of subnanometer‐scale heterointerfaces between transition metal phosphides and oxides, which serves as an alkaline water splitting electrocatalyst; showing great performance and stability toward HER and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Interestingly, the nanocube electrocatalyst reveals acid/alkaline independency from the synergistic effect of electrochemical HER (cobalt phosphide) and thermochemical water dissociation (cobalt oxide). From the spray coating process, nanocube electrocatalyst spreads uniformly on large scale (≈6.6 × 5.6 cm2) and is applied to alkaline water electrolyzers, stably delivering 600 mA cm−2 current for >100 h. The photovoltaic‐electrochemical (PV‐EC) system, including silicon PV cells, achieves 11.5% solar‐to‐hydrogen (STH) efficiency stably for >100 h.
A novel strategy of coupling artificial intelligence with chemical fingerprinting to predict drug phase behaviors in complex systems
Authors: Wang Siqi , Ji Yuanhui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith the large‐scale development of drugs, understanding the drug phase behaviors in complex systems becomes more and more important. Among them, the solubility of drugs in biorelevant media needs to be urgently understood. To address this challenge, new strategies based on machine learning models are proposed. First, the strategy trains five machine learning models (extra trees [ET], gradient boosting [GB], k‐nearest neighbors [k‐NN], random forest [RF], and extreme gradient boosting [XGBoost]) based on 15 molecular descriptors of the drug molecular properties. The XGboost model was identified as the best predictive model for predicting drug solubility performance in various solvents. Next, the input feature vectors were expanded for machine learning using the MACCS chemical fingerprint coupled with the XGboost model. The MACCS chemical fingerprint coupled with XGboost model has significantly improved the prediction accuracy of drug solubility. This finding demonstrates that the proposed strategy has solubility prediction capability, which is expected to provide valid information for drug development and drug solvent screening.
Physics‐informed sparse causal inference for source detection of plant‐wide oscillations
Authors: Madhusoodanan Nived , Chiplunkar Ranjith , Puli Vamsi Krishna , Huang Biao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIdentification of the source of plantwide oscillations is a challenging problem, even with the availability of big data. Causality analysis is often used to construct causal maps and obtain a sequence of fault propagation for an in‐depth investigation. The reliability of the widely used Granger causality depends on the quality of the observed data. But since real‐world industrial data are prone to sensor errors, their accuracy is significantly compromised. Experienced engineers possess years of valuable process knowledge which when introduced into the modeling can significantly reduce the over‐dependence on data. In this article, we propose a novel approach to efficiently amalgamate expert information with the observed data to reconstruct causal maps. A new surrogate‐data‐based approach to test the significance of the causal relations obtained for oscillatory data is also proposed in this article. The efficiency of the proposed methodology is demonstrated using a simulation and an industrial case study.
Utility of allogeneic stem cell transplantation for adult Ph+ALL with complete molecular remission
Authors: Nishiwaki Satoshi , Sugiura Isamu , Fujisawa Shin , Hatta Yoshihiro , Atsuta Yoshiko , Doki Noriko , Kurahashi Shingo , Ueda Yasunori , Dobashi Nobuaki , Maeda Tomoya , Matsumura Itaru , Tanaka Masatsugu , Kako Shinichi , Ichinohe Tatsuo , Fukuda Takahiro , Ohtake Shigeki , Ishikawa Yuichi , Miyazaki Yasushi , Kiyoi Hitoshi ,   Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the usefulness of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT) for Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ALL) in the first complete remission (CR1) with complete molecular remission (CMR). We compared the outcomes between Ph+ALL patients who did or did not undergo allo‐SCT in CR1. We included patients enrolled in the prospective clinical studies in the tyrosine kinase inhibitor era conducted by the Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group, who achieved CMR within 3 months. A total of 147 patients (allo‐SCT: 101; non‐SCT: 46) were eligible for this analysis. In the multivariate analyses, allo‐SCT was significantly associated with both superior overall survival (OS) (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.54; 95% CI: 0.30–0.97; p = .04) and relapse‐free survival (RFS) (aHR: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.12–0.38; p < .001). The 5‐year adjusted OS and RFS were 73% and 70% in the allo‐SCT cohort, whereas they were 50% and 20% in the non‐SCT cohort. Despite the higher non‐relapse mortality (aHR: 3.49; 95% CI: 1.17–10.4; p = .03), allo‐SCT was significantly associated with a lower relapse rate (aHR: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.05–0.20; p < .001). In addition, allo‐SCT was also associated with superior graft‐versus‐host disease‐free, relapse‐free survival (aHR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.25–0.74; p = .002). Propensity score‐matched analyses confirmed the results of the multivariate analyses. In patients who achieved CMR within 3 months, allo‐SCT in CR1 had superior survival and lower relapse compared with the non‐SCT cohort.
Risk of subsequent SARS‐CoV‐2 infection among vaccinated employees with or without hybrid immunity acquired early in the Omicron‐predominant era of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Jacobson Mark A. , Blanc Paul D. , Tulsky Jacqueline , Tilly Monica , Meister Raymond , Huen Will , McNicholas James E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundHybrid immunity, from COVID‐19 vaccination followed by SARS‐CoV‐2 infection acquired after its Omicron variant began predominating, has provided greater protection than vaccination alone against subsequent infection over 1–3 months of observation. Its longer‐term protection is unknown.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of COVID‐19 case incidence among healthcare personnel (HCP) mandated to be vaccinated and report on COVID‐19‐associated symptoms, high‐risk exposures, or known‐positive test results to an employee health hotline. We compared cases with hybrid immunity, defined as incident COVID‐19 during the first 6 weeks of Omicron‐variant predominance (run‐in period), to those with immunity from vaccination alone during the run‐in period. Time until COVID‐19 infection over 13 subsequent months (observation period) was analyzed by standard survival analysis.ResultsOf 5867 employees, 641 (10.9%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.1%–11.8%) acquired hybrid immunity during the run‐in period. Of these, 104 (16.2%, 95% CI: 13.5%–19.3%) experienced new SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during the 13‐month observation period, compared to 2177 (41.7%, 95% CI: 40.3%–43.0%) of the 5226 HCP without hybrid immunity. Time until incident infection was shorter among the latter (hazard ratio: 3.09, 95% CI: 2.54–3.78).ConclusionsIn a cohort of vaccinated employees, Omicron‐era acquired SARS‐CoV‐2 hybrid immunity was associated with significantly lower risk of subsequent infection over more than a year of observation—a time period far longer than previously reported and during which three, progressively more resistant, Omicron subvariants became predominant. These findings can inform institutional policy and planning for future COVID‐19 additional vaccine dosing requirements for employees, for surveillance programs, and for risk modification efforts.