bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in Tripterygion delaisi
Authors: CARRERAS‐CARBONELL J. , MACPHERSON E. , PASCUAL M. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractWe isolated 49 microsatellite loci from a genomic library of Tripterygion delaisi×anthosoma enriched for CA and GA repeats. Ten loci were screened in 30 individuals with high numbers of alleles per locus (averaging 15.5 ± 2.86) and observed heterozygosity (averaging 0.765 ± 0.052). No deviations from Hardy–Weinberg expectations were detected. These highly polymorphic markers will be useful in determining the spatial patterns of genetic diversity between and within subspecies of Tripterygion delaisi.
Characterization and isolation of DNA microsatellite primers in the cardinalfish (Apogon doederleini)
Authors: MILLER‐SIMS VANESSA , ATEMA JELLE , KINGSFORD MICHAEL J. , GERLACH GABRIELE 
Published: August 2004

AbstractProper management of reef areas depends greatly on understanding the degree of dispersal of each species involved. The larvae of most reef fishes disperse from the natal reef before or soon after hatching and return to the reef environment after a pre‐settlement stage of several days to weeks. We characterized eight polymorphic microsatellite loci for the cardinal fish Apogon doederleini to study the spatial scale of connectivity of populations of different reefs of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia.
Eleven polymorphic microsatellite loci in a coral reef fish, Pterapogon kauderni
Authors: HOFFMAN ERIC A. , ARGUELLO J. ROMAN , KOLM NICLAS , BERGLUND ANDERS , JONES ADAM G. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractWe describe the isolation and characterization of 11 polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite loci from a male mouthbrooding coral reef fish, the Banggai cardinalfish Pterapogon kauderni. In a sample of 37 fish from a natural population, polymorphism at these loci ranged from two to 15 alleles, with expected heterozygosities ranging from 0.107 to 0.928, enabling high‐resolution genetic studies of this coral reef fish.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from Chiasmia assimilis (Warren, 1899) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)
Authors: WARDILL T. J. , SCOTT K. D. , GRAHAM G. C. , ZALUCKI M. P. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractTwelve microsatellite loci are presented for the biological control agent Chiasmia assimilis (Warren, 1899). These microsatellite loci were obtained through the construction of an enriched library, overcoming previous reported difficulties with obtaining microsatellites from other Lepidoptera due to the low frequency of microsatellites in their genomes.
Microsatellite loci from the Caribbean Fruit Fly, Anastrepha suspensa (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: FRITZ ANN H. , SCHABLE NANCY 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThe lack of polymorphic genetic markers suitable for genotyping sperm, eggs, and all life stages of the important agricultural pest, Anastrepha suspensa, have prevented detailed genetic studies of its breeding system, reproductive dynamics, and population dynamics. We describe polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers and reaction conditions for amplifying nine polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci isolated from this species. The PCR primers were tested on four to five individuals each collected from five geographically distant locations in Florida. Heterozygosity values and the number of alleles per locus varied from 0.11 to 0.89, and from two to 12, respectively.
Microsatellites isolated in almond from an AC‐repeat enriched library
Authors: TESTOLIN R. , MESSINA R. , LAIN O. , MARRAZZO M. T. , HUANG W.‐G. , CIPRIANI G. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractWe have isolated 44 SSRs from an AC‐enriched genomic library from almond (Prunus amygdalus Batsch.). Twenty SSRs were screened for their polymorphism in 16 cultivars and for their transportability in seven different Prunus species (peach, nectarine, apricot, European plum, Japanese plum, sweet cherry, sour cherry) and in apple. The expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.62 to 0.89. About 30% of primers gave successful amplification in seven different Prunus species; in two cases amplifications were obtained also in apple.
Isolation of seven polymorphic microsatellite loci, using an enrichment protocol, in the high Andean Asteraceous Chaetanthera pusilla
Authors: TILL‐BOTTRAUD I. , GIRAUD T. , FOURNIER E. , TORRES C. , VAUTRIN D. , SOLIGNAC M. , GENTON B. , ARROYO M. T. K. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractWe report the development of seven microsatellite markers in the high Andean Asteraceae Chaetanthera pusilla. An enrichment protocol was used to isolate microsatellite loci, and polymorphism was explored with samples from two natural populations collected in the high Andes at La Parva and Valle Nevado (Chile). We found a high level of polymorphism, heterozygote deficiency and strong differentiation among populations. Four of the seven loci successfully cross‐amplified in other Chaetanthera species.
Seven polymorphic microsatellite loci for paternity assessment in the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos)
Authors: DENK A. G. , GAUTSCHI B. , CARTER K. , KEMPENAERS B. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractWe describe seven polymorphic microsatellite loci for the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos). The microsatellites presented here are highly polymorphic, with on average 12 alleles in a sample of 15 presumably unrelated individuals. Therefore, they enable detailed parentage analysis in wild mallard populations, and can be used to answer many intriguing questions in behavioural ecology and evolutionary biology.
Characterization of microsatellite multiplexes for population genetic studies of bluehead wrasse (Thalassoma bifasciatum, Pisces: Labridae)
Authors: WILLIAMS D. A. , PURCELL J. , COWEN R. K. , HUGHES C. R. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBluehead wrasse (Thalassoma bifasciatum) are common coral reef fish found throughout the Caribbean. Larval duration in the plankton is relatively long for this species, which raises the possibility of long‐distance transport by ocean currents. Several nongenetic studies suggest, however, that most recruits were spawned locally. Determination of the relative importance of local recruitment vs. immigration for recruitment is needed for the effective management of populations and establishment of marine reserves. We characterized seven new polymorphic microsatellite loci for bluehead wrasse and optimized them into PCR multiplexes with three previously published loci to determine the level of dispersal between populations.
Development and polymorphism of simple sequence repeat DNA markers for the evergreen shrub Ilex leucoclada M.
Authors: TORIMARU T. , TANI N. , TSUMURA Y. , HIRAOKA K. , TOMARU N. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractWe have developed 13 microsatellite loci from an enrichment library of genomic DNA in the evergreen shrub Ilex leucoclada. One hundred and eighty‐nine out of 432 clones were found to contain microsatellite repeats. Primer pairs were designed for 92 of these clones according to their sequence data. Thirteen of these primer pairs revealed polymorphism among 36 individuals sampled from 12 populations. Three to 27 alleles per locus were detected, and the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.133 to 0.971. Because these 13 microsatellite markers showed high degrees of genetic variation, they should be useful tools for studying population and ecological genetics of I. leucoclada.
Microsatellite loci in the European bee‐eater, Merops apiaster
Authors: DASMAHAPATRA K. K. , LESSELLS C. M. , MATEMAN A. C. , AMOS W. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractTwelve polymorphic microsatellite markers have been developed for the European bee‐eater, Merops apiaster (Coraciiformes: Meropidae). Screening of eight individuals at these loci showed that the average allelic diversity was 5.8, with a range of two to 11 alleles per locus. The loci reported here will provide insight into the levels of extra‐pair parentage, kin selection and dispersal in this species, which has co‐operative breeding and nests in large colonies.
Metamorphic evolution of the Georgetown Inlier, northeast Queensland, Australia; evidence for an accreted Palaeoproterozoic terrane?
Authors: Boger S. D. , Hansen D. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractMineral textures, coupled with thermodynamic modelling in the MnO–Na2O–CaO–K2O–FeO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O (MnNCKFMASH) model system, of mid‐amphibolite facies metapelites from the Georgetown Inlier, northeast Australia, point to the recording of two separate and unrelated metamorphic events. The first occurred contemporaneously with Palaeo‐ to Mesoproterozoic orogenesis and involved heating and burial to temperatures and pressures of approximately 600–650 °C and 6.0–7.0 kbar. Textural evidence for the up‐temperature (and pressure) prograde part of this path is inferred from the inclusion of garnet in biotite and staurolite. The second metamorphic event resulted in a low‐pressure thermal overprint that is equated with the advective addition of heat to the terrane via the emplacement of the Forsayth Batholith (c. 1550 Ma). This event is inferred from subsequent growth of andalusite and randomly orientated fibrolitic sillimanite after garnet, biotite and staurolite. This two stage metamorphic evolution, when coupled with a number of other distinct geological characteristics, suggests that the Georgetown Inlier is dissimilar to the other Australian Palaeoproterozoic terranes with which it is commonly correlated.
Periodic evaluation of the occlusal vertical dimension of maxillary dentures from the wax trial denture through 48 hours after polymerization
Authors: Swords Robert L. , Latta George H. , Wicks Russell A. , Huget Eugene F. 
Published: August 2004

Purpose This study measured the effects of commercial resin type on maxillary complete dentures with monoplane teeth by periodically comparing the occlusal vertical dimension of the polymerized dentures with the baseline, wax trial denture fiducial measurements.Materials and Methods Commercially available compression‐molded, injection‐molded, and fluid poly(methyl methacrylate) resins, as well as one compression‐molded methyl acrylate ester copolymer, were evaluated. Ten dentures were fabricated from each resin using monoplane teeth. The occlusal vertical dimension at the articulator pin was measured at the wax denture stage for each specimen, and changes in occlusal vertical dimension for each denture were evaluated at a simulated laboratory remount, and at 0, 3, 6, 24, and 48 hours after a simulated clinical remount. Repeated measures analysis of variance (α= 0.05) and post hoc one‐way factorial analysis of variance and Scheffe's F‐Tests for each resin group were performed using ranks of raw data.Results Changes in the maxillary denture mean occlusal vertical dimensions were recognized throughout the evaluation periods compared with the wax‐denture baseline, and time was a significant influence on displacement (p= .0001). Only the compression‐molded poly(methyl methacrylate) dentures exhibited a mean laboratory remount occlusal vertical dimension that was significantly greater than the mean wax denture measurement, and all resin systems exhibited occlusal error that was significantly less than the laboratory remount measurements at 48 hours. At 48 hours, all resin groups exhibited mean occlusal vertical dimension changes that were less than 1 mm compared with the wax denture. Only compression‐molded poly(methyl methacrylate) dentures exhibited a mean 48‐hour clinical remount measurement that was statistically similar to the mean wax denture occlusal vertical dimension.Conclusions Individual maxillary dentures from all resin types and at all intervals exhibited dimensional change. At the last evaluation period, the compression‐molded poly(methyl methacrylate) showed no change in mean occlusal vertical dimension from baseline, whereas remaining groups exhibited occlusal vertical dimensions significantly less than baseline.
Stresses within porcelain veneers and the composite lute using different preparation designs
Authors: Seymour Kevin G. , Cherukara George P. , Samarawickrama Dayananda Y.D. 
Published: August 2004

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate compressive and tensile stresses in porcelain and composite at the labial marginal region of porcelain veneer restorations using chamfer, shoulder, or knife‐edge labial margin designs with labial window or incisal overlap incisal preparation designs.Methods Porcelain veneer models were constructed and loaded with (1) a 200‐N, 45° palatal load to simulate functional loading, and (2) a horizontal labial loading of 200 N to mimic trauma. Maximum tensile and compressive stresses were recorded within the labial marginal region of both porcelain and composite lute.Results Under the 45° palatal load, stresses within the palatal marginal porcelain were chiefly compressive, and stresses for the knife‐edge designs as much as 42% less than for shoulder designs. Incisal overlap preparations were generally associated with less compressive stress within both porcelain and composite than the window preparation. When a labial load was applied, tensile stresses were as much as 25 times greater for the chamfer and shoulder designs compared with the knife‐edge design. Labial loading also resulted in an increase in tensile stresses within the composite lute, and stresses were again lowest within the knife‐edge margin design.Conclusions Under the limitations of this study, using the incisal overlap preparation, porcelain veneers with knife‐edge labial margins could better sustain occlusal loading without fracture.
Influence of curing method, sealer, and water storage on the hardness of a soft lining material over time
Authors: Polyzois Gregory L. , Frangou Mary J. 
Published: August 2004

Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the hardness of plasticized acrylic resin soft lining materials over time when curing procedures were modified and when surface sealers were either used or omitted.Materials and Methods A chairside plasticized acrylic resin material and a heat processed plasticized resin material were made into disks 40 mm in diameter and 10 mm in thickness. Materials were cured by processing at an elevated temperature or at mouth temperature. Five samples were used with each processing method. Half of all samples were treated with a surface sealer, whereas the other samples received no surface treatment. After processing, the samples were immersed in 37°C water for a total time of 1 year. Specimens were tested to determine hardness on a monthly basis. Testing was accomplished using a Shore A durometer.Results Hardness testing showed differences relative to material and to time after processing. The heat‐processed plasticized resin material showed significantly higher Shore A hardness values than the chairside over the entire experimental period (p < .01). Increased hardness was seen for all materials over time, but this was more pronounced with plasticized acrylic resin in which the hardness increased from 28.4% to 115.8% depending on processing method and surface treatment. Surface treatment showed significant softening only when the samples were cured at simulated mouth temperature (p < .05).Conclusions Processing method and time after processing have an effect on surface hardness of the tested materials, but neither of these effects is as profound as the initial choice of material.
The effect of amitriptyline on pain intensity and perception of stress in bruxers
Authors: Raigrodski Ariel J. , Mohamed Shawky E. , Gardiner Diana M. 
Published: August 2004

Purpose The purpose of this clinical pilot study was to evaluate the effect of a tricyclic antidepressant, amitriptyline, on pain‐intensity level and level of stress in bruxers.Materials and Methods In a randomized, double‐blind, crossover experimental design, 10 subjects received active (amitriptyline 25 mg/night) and inactive (placebo 25 mg/night) medication, over a period of 4 weeks.Results The administration of amitriptyline for 4 weeks did not significantly (p > .05) reduce pain intensity. However, it significantly (p < .05) reduced the level of stress perception.Conclusion The results of this limited study do not support the administration of small doses of amitriptyline over a period of 4 weeks for the management of pain resulting from sleep bruxism. However, the results support the administration of small doses of amitriptyline for the management of the perception of stress levels associated with sleep bruxism.
Accuracy and pourability of gypsum preweighed packages
Authors: Wee Alvin G. , Monaghan Peter , Johnston William M. 
Published: August 2004

Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of gypsum provided by the manufacturers in their preweighed packages and to determine the amount of gypsum dispensed from the packages as a function of the method used.Materials and Methods One hundred twenty unopened packages from 8 manufacturers were weighed. Ten packages from each manufacturer were opened with the contents completely removed by tapping the packages, and the contents were weighed (thorough method). The other 5 packages from each manufacturer were opened, quickly poured, and the contents weighed (quick method). All packages were then slit open on all sides and completely cleaned. The cleaned packages were then weighed. Calculations were made to determine (1) the amount of gypsum that was “supplied” by the manufacturer and (2) the amount removed from the packages using the “quick” and “thorough” methods. The raw data was normalized to percentage of stated weight. A Welch analysis of variance was used to evaluate the heteroscedastic data at a 95% confidence level. Thereafter, a post hoc Student t test was used to determine if the percentages of stated weight for (1) supplied, (2) thorough, and (3) quick were significantly different from 100%.Results A statistically significant difference was found for the amount of gypsum supplied by the manufacturers (p < .001) and the amount of material removed from the packages via the 2 different methods used (p < .001). Seven of the 8 manufacturers' preweighed packages were remarkably close to their stated weight for amounts “supplied” and the “thorough” method. High standard deviations from the mean were found for the “quick” method of gypsum removal.Conclusion Within the limits of this study, results indicate that the use of a “thorough” method to remove gypsum from preweighed packages was important. Ideally, gypsum supplied in preweighed packages should be weighed initially to ensure an optimal water/powder ratio.
Laboratory strength of glass ionomer and zinc phosphate cements
Authors: Piwowarczyk Andree , Ottl Peter , Lauer Hans‐Christoph 
Published: August 2004

Purpose The present in vitro study examined 3 mechanical properties, namely compressive, flexural, and diametral tensile strength, of various commercially available cements and core materials as a function of time after mixing.Materials and Methods The examined materials were 2 cermet cements (Ketac Silver [ESPE, Seefeld, Germany] and Chelon Silver [ESPE]), 1 metal‐reinforced glass ionomer cement (Miracle Mix [GC Dental Industrial Corp, Tokyo, Japan]), 2 conventional glass ionomer cements (Ketac Bond [ESPE] and Ketac Cem [ESPE]), 1 standard cure zinc phosphate cement (Harvard Cement [Richter and Hoffmann, Berlin, Germany]), and 1 zinc phosphate cement with the addition of 30% silver amalgam alloy powder (Harvard Cement 70% with Dispersalloy 30% [Richter and Hoffmann/Johnson and Johnson, East Windsor, NJ]). Properties were measured using a universal testing machine at 15 minutes, 1 hour, and 24 hours after first mixing.Results Compressive strengths varied widely between the 3 times of measurement from 5.8 ± 6.6 MPa for Ketac Cem to 144.3 ± 10.2 MPa for Ketac Silver. Twenty‐four hours after mixing, the Bonferroni test showed significant (p≤ .01) differences between Ketac Silver and all other materials tested. Diametral tensile strengths ranged widely from 4.4 ± 0.9 MPa for Ketac Cem to 11.5 ± 2.2 MPa for Chelon Silver. At 15 minutes, 1 hour, and 24 hours after first mixing, the analysis of variance did not show any significant differences between Ketac Silver, Chelon Silver, and Miracle Mix. The 3‐point flexural strength of Ketac Silver showed, at 15 minutes with 13.5 ± 3.9 MPa and at 24 hours with 27.2 ± 7.4 MPa, the highest values.Conclusions Setting time influences the mechanical properties of the materials tested in this study. Ketac Silver, a glass ionomer cement reinforced with sintered glass‐silver particles, showed the highest mechanical properties of the examined materials.
Effect of polyaramid fiber reinforcement on the strength of 3 denture base polymethyl methacrylate resins
Authors: Foo Hao , Lindquist Terry J. , Aquilino Steven A. , Schneider Robert L. , Williamson Derrick L. , Boyer Daniel B. 
Published: August 2004

Purpose The interactive effects of synthetic polyaramid reinforcement fibers on the transverse strength of intact and repaired heat‐polymerized denture base acrylic resins were investigated.Materials and Methods Three polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymers were tested: Acron MC (GC International Corp, Scottsdale, AZ), Lucitone 199 (Dentsply International Inc, York, PA), and Microlon (The Hygienic Corp, Akron, OH). With each polymer, there were 2 controls and 4 experimental groups (n = 9 per group). The treatment groups were intact heat‐polymerized PMMA control, PMMA with unreinforced repair, PMMA with polyaramid reinforced repair, intact polyaramid reinforced heat‐polymerized PMMA control, polyaramid reinforced PMMA with unreinforced repair, and polyaramid reinforced PMMA with polyaramid reinforced repair. The transverse fracture strengths of the samples were measured with a 3‐point bending test on a Zwick Universal Testing Machine (Zwick of America, Inc, East Windsor, CT).Results The highest mean strength at fracture was recorded with intact polyaramid reinforced heat‐polymerized PMMA controls for all resins. Analysis of variance showed significant differences in transverse strength (p < .05) by experimental group, by material, and by interaction of group and material. Tukey HSD (honestly significant difference) Multiple Comparisons Test (α= 0.05) showed that intact polyaramid reinforced heat‐polymerized PMMA controls were significantly stronger than intact heat‐polymerized PMMA controls and all the other treatment groups. Use of polyaramid reinforcement in repair of unreinforced PMMA or polyaramid reinforced PMMA did not result in significantly increased transverse strength.Conclusions Polyaramid reinforcement significantly increased the transverse strength of intact heat‐polymerized PMMA. Polyaramid fibers did not significantly increase strength to reinforce PMMA repairs.