bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and prevalence of congenital clubfoot in Apulia: a regional model for future prospective national studies
Authors: Panza Raffaella , Albano Federica , Casto Alberto , Del Vecchio Cosimo , Laforgia Nicola , Dibello Daniela 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Congenital clubfoot is a fairly common and severe congenital malformation, most often of idiopathic origin. A smaller percentage of cases is related to chromosomal abnormalities and genetic syndromes. It is estimated that 0.5/1000 newborns are affected worldwide, with a male to female ratio of 2:1 and greater distribution in developing countries (80%). The “European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies (EUROCAT)” reported clubfoot prevalence in European newborns, but data regarding Italy are missing or poor. We aim to provide detailed data on clubfoot incidence according to the Apulian Regional Registry on Congenital Malformations and to report current knowledge on clubfoot genetic factors.

Methods
We extrapolated data from the Regional Registry of Congenital Malformations to evaluate incidence and prevalence of congenital clubfoot in Apulia, Italy over a period of four years (2015–2018). We also performed a narrative review focusing on genetic mutations leading to congenital clubfoot.

Results
Over the period from 2015 to 2018 in Apulia, Italy, 124,017 births were recorded and 209 cases of clubfoot were found, accounting for an incidence rate of 1.7/1,000 and a prevalence rate of 1.6/1,000. Six families of genes have been reported to have an etiopathogenetic role on congenital clubfoot.

Conclusions
Incidence and prevalence of congenital clubfoot in Apulia, Italy, are comparable with those reported in the other Italian regions but higher than those reported in previous studies from Europe. Genetic studies to better classify congenital clubfoot in either syndromic or isolated forms are desirable.
Compression therapies for the treatment of venous leg ulcers: study protocol for a process evaluation in a randomised controlled trial, VenUS 6
Authors: Kletter Maartje , Griffiths Jane , Arundel Catherine , Dumville Jo ,   on behalf of the VenUS 6 Collaborators
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The VenUS 6 parallel-group randomised controlled trial (RCT) will compare the clinical and cost-effectiveness of compression wraps, two-layer compression bandage and evidence-based compression therapy, comprising of two-layers of hosiery or four-layer bandages, for healing time of venous leg ulcers. We will conduct an embedded process evaluation to evaluate the implementation of the trial and the various compression therapies and to gain a more in-depth understanding of trial participant and nursing staff views and experiences of these therapies.

Methods
This process evaluation will be a mixed-method study, embedded into a wider RCT. Qualitative data will be collected through semi-structured individual in-depth interviews with trial participants and staff members. Quantitative data will be collected using patient questionnaires and case report forms that are part of the main trial data collection process. Interview transcripts will be analysed using the Framework Analysis and interview data will be integrated with quantitative RCT data using the RE-AIM framework and the Pillar Integration Process.

Discussion
We describe the protocol for a process evaluation, designed to assess the implementation of the various venous leg ulcer compression therapies as evaluated in VenUS6, and the experiences of trial participants and nursing staff using these. This protocol provides one example of how an embedded mixed-method process evaluation can be conducted.

Trial registration
ISRCTN 67321719 (https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN67321719). Prospectively registered on 14 September 2020.
Recruitment Infographic SWAT—MRC Hub for Trials Methodology Research SWAT repository #116. Registered on 13 April 2020.
Retention Thank You Card SWAT—MRC Hub for Trials Methodology Research SWAT repository #119. Registered on 13 April 2020.
Retention Newsletter SWAT—MRC Hub for Trials Methodology Research SWAT repository #28. Registered on 01 July 2007.
Retention Pen SWAT—MRC Hub for Trials Methodology Research SWAT repository #92. Registered on 01 April 2019.
Protocol version: V1.5, 26 May 2022.
Challenges and advances in biotechnological approaches for the synthesis of canolol and other vinylphenols from biobased p-hydroxycinnamic acids: a review
Authors: Lomascolo Anne , Odinot Elise , Villeneuve Pierre , Lecomte Jérôme 
Published: November 2023

Abstractp-Hydroxycinnamic acids, such as sinapic, ferulic, p-coumaric and caffeic acids, are among the most abundant phenolic compounds found in plant biomass and agro-industrial by-products (e.g. cereal brans, sugar-beet and coffee pulps, oilseed meals). These p-hydroxycinnamic acids, and their resulting decarboxylation products named vinylphenols (canolol, 4-vinylguaiacol, 4-vinylphenol, 4-vinylcatechol), are bioactive molecules with many properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities, and potential applications in food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical industries. They were also shown to be suitable precursors of new sustainable polymers and biobased substitutes for fine chemicals such as bisphenol A diglycidyl ethers. Non-oxidative microbial decarboxylation of p-hydroxycinnamic acids into vinylphenols involves cofactor-free and metal-independent phenolic acid decarboxylases (EC 4.1.1 carboxyl lyase family). Historically purified from bacteria (Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter genera) and some yeasts (e.g. Brettanomyces or Candida), these enzymes were described for the decarboxylation of ferulic and p-coumaric acids into 4-vinylguaiacol and 4-vinylphenol, respectively. The catalytic mechanism comprised a first step involving p-hydroxycinnamic acid conversion into a semi-quinone that then decarboxylated spontaneously into the corresponding vinyl compound, in a second step. Bioconversion processes for synthesizing 4-vinylguaiacol and 4-vinylphenol by microbial decarboxylation of ferulic and p-coumaric acids historically attracted the most research using bacterial recombinant phenolic acid decarboxylases (especially Bacillus enzymes) and the processes developed to date included mono- or biphasic systems, and the use of free- or immobilized cells. More recently, filamentous fungi of the Neolentinus lepideus species were shown to natively produce a more versatile phenolic acid decarboxylase with high activity on sinapic acid in addition to the others p-hydroxycinnamic acids, opening the way to the production of canolol by biotechnological processes applied to rapeseed meal. Few studies have described the further microbial/enzymatic bioconversion of these vinylphenols into valuable compounds: (i) synthesis of flavours such as vanillin, 4-ethylguaiacol and 4-ethylphenol from 4-vinylguaiacol and 4-vinylphenol, (ii) laccase-mediated polymer synthesis from canolol, 4-vinylguaiacol and 4-vinylphenol.
Essential oils and isolated compounds for tick control: advances beyond the laboratory
Authors: Gonzaga Bruno César Ferreira , Barrozo Mayara Macêdo , Coutinho Ana Lúcia , Pereira e Sousa Lainny Jordana Martins , Vale Francisca Letícia , Marreto Laís , Marchesini Paula , de Castro Rodrigues Daniel , de Souza Evandro Davanço Ferreira , Sabatini Gustavo Adolfo , Costa-Júnior Lívio Martins , Ferreira Lorena Lopes , Lopes Welber Daniel Zanetti , Monteiro Caio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundTick control is a worldwide challenge due to its resistance to acaricides. Essential oils (EOs) and isolated compounds (EOCs) are potential alternatives for tick control technologies.MethodsA review with EOs and EOCs, under field and semi-field conditions, was performed based on Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed databases. Thirty-one studies published between 1991 and 2022 were selected. The search was performed using the following keywords: "essential oil" combined with "tick," "Ixodes," "Argas," "Rhipicephalus," "Amblyomma," "Hyalomma," "Dermacentor," "Haemaphysalis" and "Ornithodoros." The words "essential oil" and "tick" were searched in the singular and plural.ResultsThe number of studies increased over the years. Brazil stands out with the largest number (51.6%) of publications. The most studied tick species wereRhipicephalus microplus(48.4%),Ixodes scapularis(19.4%),Amblyomma americanumandR. sanguineussensu lato (9.7% each). Cattle (70%) and dogs (13%) were the main target animal species. Regarding the application of EOs/EOCs formulations, 74% of the studies were conducted with topical application (spray, pour-on, foam, drop) and 26% with environmental treatment (spray). Efficacy results are difficult to evaluate because of the lack of information on the methodology and standardization. The nanotechnology and combination with synthetic acaricides were reported as an alternative to enhance the efficacy of EOs/EOCs. No adverse reactions were observed in 86.6% of the studies evaluating EOs/EOCs clinical safety. Studies regarding toxicity in non-target species and residues are scarce.ConclusionsThis article provides a comprehensive review on the use of EOs and EOCs to reduce tick infestations, in both the hosts and the environment. As future directions, we recommend the chemical characterization of EOs, methodology standardization, combination of EOs/EOCs with potential synergists, nanotechnology for new formulations and safety studies for target and non-target organisms, also considering the environmental friendliness.Graphical abstract
Efficacy of either orally administered fluralaner or topically administered imidacloprid/flumethrin for controlling Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato premises infestations
Authors: Labruna Marcelo Bahia , Doretto Juliana Salomão , de Araújo Nascimento Olivia Carmen , Barufi Francisco Bonomi , Rosa Simone Cristina , Osowski Germana Vizzotto , Drake Jason , Armstrong Rob 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Adult, nymph, and larval Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato infest dogs and thrive in premises including homes and kennels. Ticks emerge from hiding to seek and attach to dogs, engorge, then leave their hosts to hide then molt or oviposit. This study evaluated the effect of either external or systemic canine treatment on R. sanguineus s.l. populations in premises.

Methods
Thirty-two dogs in eight kennels were divided into three groups; one group (eight dogs in two kennels) served as untreated controls; one group (12 dogs in three kennels) received oral fluralaner (25–56 mg/kg); and one group (12 dogs in three kennels) received topical flumethrin/imidacloprid impregnated collars. Treatments were administered once on day 0. Prior to treatment, R. sanguineus s.l. infestations were established in kennels holding dogs, by placing ticks every 2 weeks from day −84 through day −14. Kennel surfaces (walls and floors) were smooth except for uniform “hideouts” to permit precise off-host tick counting.

Results
Control dog kennel mean tick counts (all life stages) increased from 737 ticks/kennel at day −7 to 2213 at day 63 when all control kennel dogs were acaricide-treated as a humane endpoint. Kennels housing dogs subsequently treated with systemic fluralaner had a mean of 637 counted ticks/kennel on study day −7 (7 days before treatment). One fluralaner treatment eliminated all premises ticks (100% reduction) by day 70, and these kennels remained tick-free through study completion (day 84). Kennels housing dogs subsequently treated with an external imidacloprid/flumethrin collar had a mean of 614 counted ticks/kennel at study day −7. Collar treatment reduced counts by 90% on day 63, with kennel tick counts climbing after this and ending the study with a 75% reduction. Systemic fluralaner treatment was significantly (P = 0.003) more effective at reducing engorged adult female tick counts than external imidacloprid/flumethrin treatment.

Conclusions
Fluralaner treatment eliminated off-host R. sanguineus life stages in infested kennels by day 70 following treatment and was significantly more effective than imidacloprid/flumethrin collar treatment in reducing the premises population of engorged female ticks. Imidacloprid/flumethrin treatment did not eliminate premises tick populations, with populations increasing before the study end.

Graphical Abstract
The impact of exercise modalities on blood glucose, blood pressure and body composition in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ambelu Tensay , Teferi Getu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Physical activity has been recommended as an important non-pharmacological therapeutic strategy for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of strength, aerobic, and a combination of aerobic and resistance training on blood glucose level, blood pressure, and body composition in patients with T2DM.

Methods
From Debremarkos referral hospital, 40 subjects with T2DM (mean age 42.45 years, 29 men, 11 women) were randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups or the control group. The following variables were measured: body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and body fat percentage (BFP). Paired sample T-test and one-way ANCOVA were applied whilst controlling for diet, gender, and age.

Results
All intervention groups showed improvement in a mean difference of FBG − 13.03 (t =-5.55, df = 39, p < 0.001), SBP − 21.63 mmHg − 17.6 mmHg (t =-6.51, df = 39, p < 0.001), DBP − 11.86 mmHg (t = -5.47, df = 39, p < 0.001) and BFP − 9.14 (t = -7.49, df = 39, p < 0.001). There was a significant difference in mean BMI reduction when diet, gender, and age were controlled in a one-way ANCOVA (F (3, 33) = 11.79, p < 0.001), SBP (F (3, 33) = 13.383, p < 0.001), DBP (F (3, 33) = 7.830, p < 0.001), FBG (F (3, 33) = 6.337, p < 0.001), BFP (F (3, 33) = 24.29, p < 0.001) between the exercise intervention groups and control group. Additionally, the estimated marginal means indicate that the combined strength and aerobic exercise intervention group experienced the greatest improvements.

Conclusion
Body composition, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose were significantly lower in the combined (aerobic plus strength) treatment than in the individual treatment, indicating that the combined exercise intervention was more successful in altering these parameters.
Congenital erythropoietic porphyria presenting with recurrent epistaxis: a case report
Authors: Khan Javeriah , Hashmi Muhammad Usman , Noor Nabeeha , Khan Ahmad Jamal , Shrateh Oadi N. , Tahir Muhammad Junaid 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP), also known as pink tooth or Gunther disease, is a rare hereditary disorder caused by an enzyme mutation in the heme biosynthesis pathway, which leads to the accumulation of immature and non-physiological protoporphyrin rings in various tissues. CEP is characterized by sun-exposed bullous skin lesions, hemolytic anemia, red/brown urine, and teeth staining.

Case presentation
We present a unique case of a 10-year-old Asian boy with CEP who presented with recurrent epistaxis, an unusual presentation for this condition. Based on clinical presentation and laboratory findings, including elevated urine uroporphyrin and coproporphyrin I and III levels, microcytic anemia, a higher red cell distribution width (RDW), and a lower platelet count, a thorough assessment and detailed workup resulted in a diagnosis of CEP. The patient underwent a successful splenectomy and recovered without any complications.

Conclusion
This case report aims to raise awareness among healthcare professionals about the uncommon and atypical presentation of CEP and its management options.
Human mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue showed a more robust effect than those from the umbilical cord in promoting corneal graft survival by suppressing lymphangiogenesis
Authors: Kang Huanmin , Feng Jianing , Peng Yingqian , Liu Yingyi , Yang Yalei , Wu Ying , Huang Jian , Jie Ying , Chen Baihua , He Yan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promising potential in allograft survival. However, few reports have focused on comparing the immunosuppressive capacity of MSCs from different sources and administered via different routes in inhibiting transplant rejection. Moreover, virtually nothing is known about the role of MSCs in the regulation of graft neovascularization and lymphangiogenesis. In this study, we compared the efficacy of human adipose MSCs (hAD-MSCs) and human umbilical cord MSCs (hUC-MSCs) in vitro and in corneal transplantation models to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms and provide a powerful strategy for future clinical applications.

Methods
hAD-MSCs and hUC-MSCs were generated, and their self-renewal and multi-differentiation abilities were evaluated. The inhibitory effect of human MSCs (hMSCs) was examined by T-cell proliferation assays with or without transwell in vitro. Two MSCs from different sources were separately adoptively transferred in mice corneal transplantation (5 × 105 or 1 × 106/mouse) via topical subconjunctival or intravenous (IV) routes. Allograft survival was evaluated every other day, and angiogenesis and lymphomagenesis were quantitatively analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. The RNA expression profiles of hMSCs were revealed by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT‒PCR), western blotting or ELISA. The function of the differentially expressed gene FAS was verified by a T-cell apoptosis assay.

Results
hAD-MSCs induced stronger immunosuppression in vitro than hUC-MSCs. The inhibitory effect of hUC-MSCs but not hAD-MSCs was mediated by cell–cell contact-dependent mechanisms. Systemic administration of a lower dose of hAD-MSCs showed better performance in prolonging corneal allograft survival than hUC-MSCs, while subconjunctival administration of hMSCs was safer and further prolonged corneal allograft survival. Both types of hMSCs could inhibit corneal neovascularization, while hAD-MSCs showed greater superiority in suppressing graft lymphangiogenesis. RNA-seq analysis and confirmation experiments revealed the superior performance of hAD-MSCs in allografts based on the lower expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and higher expression of FAS.

Conclusions
The remarkable inhibitory effects on angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis and immunological transplantation effects support the development of hAD-MSCs as a cell therapy against corneal transplant rejection. Topical administration of hMSCs was a safer and more effective route for application than systemic administration.
Bright ferritin for long-term MR imaging of human embryonic stem cells
Authors: Zhuang Keyu , Romagnuolo Rocco , Sadikov Valdman Tamilla , Vollett Kyle D. W. , Szulc Daniel A. , Cheng Hai-Ying Mary , Laflamme Michael A. , Cheng Hai-Ling Margaret 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
A non-invasive imaging technology that can monitor cell viability, retention, distribution, and interaction with host tissue after transplantation is needed for optimizing and translating stem cell-based therapies. Current cell imaging approaches are limited in sensitivity or specificity, or both, for in vivo cell tracking. The objective of this study was to apply a novel ferritin-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) platform to longitudinal tracking of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in vivo.

Methods
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) were genetically modified to stably overexpress ferritin using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Cellular toxicity associated with ferritin overexpression and manganese (Mn) supplementation were assessed based on cell viability, proliferation, and metabolic activity. Ferritin-overexpressing hESCs were characterized based on stem cell pluripotency and cardiac-lineage differentiation capability. Cells were supplemented with Mn and imaged in vitro as cell pellets on a preclinical 3 T MR scanner. T1-weighted images and T1 relaxation times were analyzed to assess contrast. For in vivo study, three million cells were injected into the leg muscle of non-obese diabetic severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD SCID) mice. Mn was administrated subcutaneously. T1-weighted sequences and T1 mapping were used to image the animals for longitudinal in vivo cell tracking. Cell survival, proliferation, and teratoma formation were non-invasively monitored by MRI. Histological analysis was used to validate MRI results.

Results
Ferritin-overexpressing hESCs labeled with 0.1 mM MnCl2 provided significant T1-induced bright contrast on in vitro MRI, with no adverse effect on cell viability, proliferation, pluripotency, and differentiation into cardiomyocytes. Transplanted hESCs displayed significant bright contrast on MRI 24 h after Mn administration, with contrast persisting for 5 days. Bright contrast was recalled at 4–6 weeks with early teratoma outgrowth.

Conclusions
The bright-ferritin platform provides the first demonstration of longitudinal cell tracking with signal recall, opening a window on the massive cell death that hESCs undergo in the weeks following transplantation before the surviving cell fraction proliferates to form teratomas.
GREB1L overexpression is associated with good clinical outcomes in breast cancer
Authors: Dong Ke , Geng Chenchen , Zhan Xiaohong , Sun Zhi , Pu Qian , Li Peng , Song Haiyun , Zhao Guanghui , Gao Haidong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women worldwide. GREB1L is a protein-coding gene. Previous studies have shown that GREB1L plays a vital role in lung and gastric adenocarcinoma. Currently, there is no relevant report about its role in breast cancer.

Methods
The Cancer Genome Atlas database was used to compare the expression level of GREB1L between tumor and normal tissues. The TISIDB website was used for prognosis analysis. The LinkedOmics database was used to predict the potential biological mechanism of GREB1L in breast cancer. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the GREB1L expression level in breast tissue. Western blotting was used to detect the GREB1L expression level in cell lines. Transwell assays, CCK-8 cell proliferation assays, and colony formation assays were used to detect the migration, invasion, proliferation, and colony formation abilities of cells. Subcutaneous xenograft models were used to detect the in vivo tumor formation abilities of cells.

Results
GREB1L is highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and breast cancer cells. KEGG enrichment analysis suggested that GREB1L participates in the regulation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway; changes in GREB1L expression affected the migration and invasion abilities of MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Although changes in GREB1L expression did not affect their proliferation and colony formation abilities in vitro and in vivo, they affected the expression of tumor metastasis-related genes in vivo. The overexpression of GREB1L in breast cancer predicted a favorable prognosis.

Conclusion
These results showed that GREB1L is involved in the development of breast cancer, and it may be a potential molecular marker for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer.