bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Indigenous Populations of Cannabis in Iran: A Morphological and Phenological Study
Authors: Babaei Mehdi , Nemati Hossein , Arouiee Hossein , Torkamaneh Davoud 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Cannabis is historically, culturally, and economically significant crop in human societies, owing to its versatile applications in both industry and medicine. Over many years, native cannabis populations have acclimated to the various environments found throughout Iran, resulting in rich genetic and phenotypic diversity. Examining phenotypic diversity within and between indigenous populations is crucial for effective plant breeding programs. This study aimed to classify indigenous cannabis populations in Iran to meet the needs of breeders and breeding programs in developing new cultivars.
Results
Here, we assessed phenotypic diversity in 25 indigenous populations based on 12 phenological and 14 morphological traits in male and female plants. The extent of heritability for each parameter was estimated in both genders, and relationships between quantitative and time-based traits were explored. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified traits influencing population distinctions. Overall, populations were broadly classified into early, medium, and late flowering groups. The highest extent of heritability of phenological traits were found in Start Flower Formation Time in Individuals (SFFI) for females (0.91) Flowering Time 50% in Individuals (50% of bracts formed) (FT50I) for males (0.98). Populations IR7385 and IR2845 exhibited the highest commercial index (60%). Among male plants, the highest extent of Relative Growth Rate (RGR) was observed in the IR2845 population (122 mg.g− 1.day− 1). Finally, populations were clustered into seven groups according to the morphological traits in female and male plants.
Conclusions
Overall, significant phenotypic diversity was observed among indigenous populations, emphasizing the potential for various applications. Early-flowering populations, with their high RGR and Harvest Index (HI), were found as promising options for inclusion in breeding programs. The findings provide valuable insights into harnessing the genetic diversity of indigenous cannabis for diverse purposes.
Adaptive member adding for truss topology optimization: application to elastic design
Authors: Fairclough Helen Elizabeth 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper provides a rigorous and computationally efficient means of identifying compliance-based optimal truss topologies from high-resolution ground structures - problems involving over 30 million potential elements can be solved in under 1 hr on a typical laptop. The adaptive 'member adding' approach is shown to provide significant savings in computational time and memory usage compared to directly solving the full optimization problem, whilst obtaining the same optimal solution. The observed savings are particularly notable for multiple load-case problems, as the numerical structure of these cannot be effectively exploited without understanding of the physical nature of the problem. For such cases, the member adding process reduces the computational time required from approximately O(m^2) to O(m), where m is the number of potential elements; here, the time required is reduced by a factor of up to 60 for the relatively small problems that could be solved with both approaches. By using the member adding approach, compliance optimized structures are obtained at a significantly higher resolution than has previously been possible. The findings of this paper have the potential to deliver a step-change in the size of problems that can be solved in compliance-based truss topology optimization, and an accompanying Python code is provided to facilitate this.
Diploma Thesis
Self-driving (Autonomous) Car Simulation in Ros System
Authors: Jawad Zainab Nadhim 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Autonomous car development process considered as a hard task that required to test and evaluate the proposed system, for this reason, the simulation considers as a powerful tool, as it provides testing the system components interaction, evaluates the suggested autonomous solutions with no risks. This thesis presents a simulated self-driving car robot under ROS and Gazebo simulation environment. The complete task involves creating the robot model, integrating the simulated perception system and enable autonomous navigation inside a generated 2D map of the virtual world. The results emphasize that this method of compiling programming and simulating provide a reliable piece of work which its outcomes have a direct impact on self-driving cars development.
Robot-Assisted Thoracic Surgery for benign tumors at the cervicothoracic junction：A retrospective study
Authors: Maitiyasen Maierhaba , Peng Hao , Li Jingfeng , Liu Yuxuan , Gao Chuan , Chen Jing , Yi Jun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of robot-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) using the da Vinci robotic system for benign tumors of the cervicothoracic junction resection, and to describe the patients' postoperative health-related quality of life.
METHODS
This retrospective analysis included 46 patients who underwent RATS for benign cervicothoracic junction tumors between April 2017 and December 2021. Clinical data, including manifestation, surgical technique, morbidity, resection degree, outcome, and pathological types, were collected. We administered the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire to assess patients' postoperative health-related quality of life.
RESULTS
All patients underwent successful resection of a benign tumor at the cervicothoracic junction with no intraoperative complications. The median operation time was 105 min, median duration of the chest tube was 1 d, and median postoperative hospital stay was 2 days. Four (8.7%) patients developed postoperative complications. The 3-year overall survival rate was 100% and the 5-year overall survival rate was 87.5%. An elderly patient died 56 months after surgery due to heart attack. No recurrence was found during the follow-up. For health-related quality of life, the mean EQ-5D-5L index for all patients was 0.808. Tumor sizes larger than 5 cm(mean ± SD = 0.768 ± 0.111, F = 5.173, p = 0.028) and neurogenic tumors (mean ± SD = 0.702 ± 0.082, F=-16.143, p < 0.001) remained significantly independently associated with a lower EQ-5D-5L index.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrated that robot-assisted thoracic surgery for benign tumors of the cervicothoracic junction is a safe and technically feasible procedure, especially for tumors < 5 cm and non-neurogenic tumors.
Absolute quantitation of sympathetic nerve activity using 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine SPECT-CT in neurology
Authors: Saito Shintaro , Nakajima Kenichi , Komatsu Junji , Shibutani Takayuki , Wakabayashi Hiroshi , Mori Hiroshi , Takata Aki , Ono Kenjiro , Kinuya Seigo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective
The ability of 123I- metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) sympathetic nerve imaging with three-dimensional (3D) quantitation to clinically diagnose neurological disorders has not been evaluated. This study compared absolute heart counts calculated as mean standardized uptake values (SUVmean) with conventional planar image-based quantitation and assessed the contribution of 123I-MIBG single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)-CT to the diagnosis of neurological diseases.
Methods
Seventy-two patients with neurological diseases were consecutively assessed using early and delayed 123I-MIBG SPECT-CT and planar imaging. Left ventricles were manually segmented in both early and delayed SPECT-CT images, and SUVmean and washout rates (WRs) were calculated. Heart-to-mediastinum ratios (HMRs) and WRs on planar images were conventionally computed. We investigated correlations between planar HMRs and SPECT-CT SUVmeans and between WRs obtained from planar and SPECT-CT images. The cutoff for SPECT-CT WR was defined by linear regression together with normal values of planar WR from a database, and the classification was compared with neurological diagnoses of the patients. We classified the patients according to clinical diagnoses of neurological diseases as follows: controls (n = 6), multiple system atrophy (MSA, n = 7), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP, n = 17), and Parkinson’s disease or dementia with Lewy bodies (PD/DLB, n = 19), then compared SPECT-CT and planar image parameters among them.
Results
We found significant correlations between SPECT-CT SUVmean and planar HMR on early and delayed images (R2 = 0.69 and 0.82, p < 0.0001) and between SPECT-CT and planar WRs (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.0001). When the threshold was 31% based on linear regression for SPECT-CT WR, planar and SPECT-CT WR agreed in 67 (93.1%) of 72 patients. Compared with controls, early and delayed SUVmean in patients with PSP and MSA tended more towards significance than planar HMR. This trend was similar for SPECT-CT WRs in patients with PSP.
Conclusions
Absolute heart counts and SUVmean determined using 123I-MIBG SPECT-CT correlated with findings of conventional planar images in patients with neurological diseases. Three-dimensional quantitation with 123I-MIBG SPECT-CT imaging might differentiate patients with PSP and MSA from controls.
Design and characterization of a 90 GHz CMB TES bolometer
Authors: Xu Yu , Li Zhengwei , Li Yongping , Zhang Yifei , Li Xufang , Lu Xuefeng , Liao Guofu , Li Qingchen , Lu Fangjun , Zhang Laiyu , Gu Yudong , Liu Zhouhui , Shu Shibo , Chang Zhi , Wang Guofeng , Zhang Yongjie , Gao He , Zhang Aimei , Yan Daikang , Liu Congzhan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Transition-edge sensor (TES) as a type of low-temperature superconducting detector offers superior sensitivity due to its low thermal noise. In this work, we present a prototype of TES bolometer designed for cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization measurements. This TES is made of aluminum doped with a low concentration of manganese (2000 ppm by atomic percentage), and is deposited on the SiNx membrane which connects to the silicon substrate via narrow legs. In order to calculate its electrothermal parameters we have performed dark characterizations, which include measuring voltage-current (IV) curve at different bath temperatures, square-wave time response at various bias voltages, and noise level. This TES bolometer shows a noise equivalent power (NEP) of about 5 × 10−17W/√ Hz, which meets the requirement of CMB observation. However, its saturation power is smaller and time constant is larger than what are expected. We have analyzed the reasons and will make corresponding improvements in our future work.
Surface modification of sodium hyaluronate with dopamine to enhance emulsifying capacity and application performance
Authors: Zhang Qianjie , Pingli Wang , Dongmei Zhang , Shilian Zheng , Wanping Zhang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Hyaluronic Acid (HA) is a mucopolysaccharide alternately linked by glucuronic acid and n-acetylglucosamine as disaccharide units. This study prepared HA derivative (DA-HA) by modifying sodium hyaluronate with dopamine (DA). DA-HA had unique surface activity. By optimizing the reaction conditions systematically, DA-HA could prepare the emulsion with uniform droplets successfully. When n (COOH) /n (EDC) /n (NHS) was 1/2/4, n (HA) /n (DA) was 1/5, the reaction pH was 5.5, and the molecular weight of HA was 1,350 KDa, the emulsion particles were relatively uniform. The chemical structure of DA-HA was characterize and he results showed that DA was grafted on the HA chain through the amide bond. In addition, the effect of formula composition on the emulsifying performance of DA-HA was studied. The particle size of emulsion decreased as the concentration of DA-HA increased. When the oil-water ratio was 4/6 or 5/5, the emulsion droplets were small and uniform. When the aqueous phase was in an acidic or weakly alkaline condition, the particle size of the emulsion was smaller. The introduction of high salinity will destroy the stability of the emulsion. Meanwhile, DA-HA also had good moisturizing property and biosafety, which greatly expanded the application of HA in cosmetics.
Identification and verification of novel ferroptosis genes in osteoarthritis synovial tissue through bioinformatics analysis
Authors: qiang wang rui , kai wu ying 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of pain and disability. Previous studies have indicated that synovitis may play a crucial role in OA-related pathological changes. Ferroptosis, a form of iron-dependent cell death induced by lipid peroxidation, is a novel mechanism that has not been extensively studied in the context of OA.
Objective: This study aimed to identify and validate novel potential ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) associated with synovitis in OA using bioinformatics analysis.
Materials and Methods: The microarray dataset GSE55457 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was utilized to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Further analysis involved screening DEGs using GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, as well as Immune cell infiltration analysis. Subsequently, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify meaningful modules and hub genes within these modules. Furthermore, an intersection analysis was conducted to compare these hub genes with ferroptosis genes( FDEGs) to acquire novel hub FDEGs. The diagnostic potential of the hub FDEGs were verficated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and expression levels analysis using the GSE55235 databases.
Results: Elevene genes, namely SLC2A14,SLC7A5,NR4A1,ZFP36,MEG3,CDKN1A,VEGFA, TNFAIP3,LRRFIP1 and CAPG, were identified as hub FDEGs. SLC2A14,SLC7A5 and MEG3 has not been reported before.The ROC analysis indicated that SLC2A14 and SLC7A5 exhibited strong diagnostic properties in GSE55235 with significant differences in expression levels
Conclusion: This study identified two novel FDEGs as potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for synovitis in OA, providing valuable insights into the transcriptome-level pathogenesis of OA.
Innovative Solutions to Trauma in Healthcare: Teaching the Trauma-Informed Care Framework in Medical School
Authors: Ragheb Daniel Kyrillos , Buttafuoco Kayla , Wallace Marshall , Connell Jennifer , Crook Travis 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Nearly all adults have experienced or seen a traumatic event, which can reduce overall health. Health-care interactions have the unique opportunity to either exacerbate or reduce the impact of such trauma. Trauma-informed care (TIC) is a philosophy which recognizes and reduces trauma, yet is not uniformly taught across undergraduate medical education.
Methods
An iterative intervention was administered as a course to first-year medical students, of which 95 attended per academic year. Participants were given pre- and post-surveys evaluating familiarity with TIC, belief of its importance, and self-perceived preparedness in providing it to patients.
Results
A total of 50 students in the first iteration and 60 in the second iteration completed both surveys and were included. Familiarity scores increased from 29.71 to 72.20 and from 34.88 to 73.83 in the first and second iteration (p < .001). Importance scores increased from 51.96 to 92.30 (p < .001) and from 69.75 to 92.07 (p < .001). Preparedness scores increased from 27.17 to 70.74(p < .001) and from 33.55 to 69.65 (p < .001).
Conclusions
Pre-clinical medical students lack confidence in utilizing TIC and believe this topic is both important and lacking in current curricula. We demonstrate that a single intervention can significantly improve student confidence in using TIC concepts. Thus, there is a demonstrated need for, and benefit from, implementation of TIC materials within medical school curricula. We aim to provide a practical model of incorporating TIC into existing medical school curricula.
Environmentally Friendly nanomembrane from PEF–PHBv composites: Preparation and investigation of morphologies, thermal, and mechanical properties
Authors: Thongkham Somprasong , Thiamsing Tanatorn , Onsuwan Chothika , Termkunanon Orawan , Kiwjaroun Woraporn 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Herein, a new version of fully bio-based nanofibers was prepared from poly(ethylene furanoate) or PEF and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) or PHBv. PEF was successfully synthesized by controlled polymerization technique using simple Ti-based catalyst and subsequent solid-state polymerization. The resulting PEF and its composites with PHBv were then fabricated by needle-based electrospinning, yielding a new environmently friendly nanomembranes with average sizes of 20–40 nm. The analysis of water contact angle of these membranes revealed that higher amount of PHBv results in a decrease of the angle. Their Tm showed a small decrease when the membranes contained more amount of PHBv. Regarding the thermal properties, significant differences were observed in crystallinity between PEF and PEF-PHBv membranes. Finally, the tensile testing revealed that higher amount of PHBv leads to a decrease in tensile strength by 15%-70%.
Identification and Characterization of the RcTCP Gene Family and Its Expression in Response to Abiotic Stresses in Castor Bean
Authors: Li Yanxiao , Liu Xingyang , Xu Xingyuan , Zhu Guishuang , Xiang Dianjun , Liu Peng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The TCP (teosinte branched1/cincinnata/proliferating cell factor) family plays a prominent role in plant development and stress responses. However, TCP family genes have thus far not been identified in castor bean, and therefore an understanding of the expression and functional aspects of castor bean TCP genes is lacking. To identify the potential biological functions of castor bean (RcTCP) TCP members, the composition of RcTCP family members, their basic physicochemical properties, subcellular localizations, interacting proteins, miRNA target sites, and gene expression patterns under stress were assessed.
Results
Twenty RcTCP genes were found to be unevenly distributed on the nine chromosomes of castor bean, and all of these genes possessed a TCP domain. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the RcTCP genes were closely related to Arabidopsis AtTCP genes. Subcellular localization experiments indicated that RcTC01/02/03/10/16/18 were all localized in the nucleus. Protein interaction analysis showed that the RcTCP03/06/11 proteins had the highest number of interacting proteins. Furthermore, the promoter region of the RcTCP genes was found to contain numerous stress-responsive elements and hormone-induced elements, indicating a potential link between RcTCP genes and their function in response to stress. The 20 RcTCP genes exhibited obvious tissue-specific expression patterns, and the expression of these genes was induced by abiotic stress (including low temperature, abscisic acid, drought, and high salt). The RcTCP01/03/04/08/09/10/14/15/18/19 genes may be excellent stress-response genes.
Conclusion
We discovered that RcTCP genes play a crucial role in various activities, including growth and development, the stress response, and transcription. This study offers an initial documentation of the potential significance of RcTCP genes in castor bean.
First detection and genetic characterization of donkey-like kirkovirus in diarrhoeal piglets in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Tong Panpan , Wang Zunbao , Dang Yueyi , Zhang Lei , Song Guangwei , Song Xiaozhen , Pan Juanjuan , Kuang Ling , Li Junhui , Lu Gang , Xie Jinxin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Kirkovirus (kirV), a seemingly novel virus family, has been found in horses and donkey. The objectives of the study intend to investigate the presence of the virus in swine. In this study, donkey-like kirkovirus (kirV) was detected in anal swabs of piglets with diarrhoea and the positive rate was found to be 100% (149/149), but this virus was detected in only one of 261 clinically healthy piglets, which suggested a strong relationship between the kirV and the diarrhoeal disease. We obtained the whole-genome sequences of three kirVs (named Cj-D5, Cj-D32 and Cj-D43), with length of 3750 nt and sharing 99.9% nucleotide (nt)-identity with donkey kirVs. Furthermore, three viruses shared 88.5%–100%, and 23%–51% of the Rep protein sequence identity with available reference strains of the families Kirkoviridae, Circoviridae, respectively. Moreover, like horse and donkey kirVs, RCR domain and P-loop NTPase domains of Rep protein and nonanucleotide motif (CAATATTAC), of the three viruses, were similar to those of Circovirusesand Cycloviruses. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these viruses could be potentially grouped together with members in the proposed family Kirkoviridae. This is the first report to describe that kirV can circulate in piglets with diarrhoea and future studies are needed to determine the pathogenesis of this virus.
Adaptive Flight Strategies in Urban Birds: Unraveling the Intricacies between Flight Initiation Distance and Distances Fled
Authors: Pattnayak Sakti Prasad , Raul Enwesh , Patra Rashmibala , Prusty B Anjan Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
With increased urbanization, more habitats will become less suitable for wildlife, increasing the perceived risk of predation among wildlife. The animals’ perception of predation is usually measured using flight initiation distance (FID). Further, several internal and external factors influence the FID. However, there is still ambiguity on whether these variables influence the FID, as some studies have different results in different geographical locations. This study was undertaken to understand (i) the ’influence of urbanization gradient on the FID of local birds and (ii) the association between FID and DF, as both are based on the principle of “balance between risk and cost of escape”. We collected 438 observations of FID across 22 bird species in and around Berhampur City in Odisha, India. Subsequently, a generalized linear mixed-effects model was employed in our analysis to evaluate the association between FID, DF, and body size. Interestingly, the study suggests FIDs in urban birds (9.48 ± 6.59 m) were noticeably shorter than their rural counterparts (10.00 ± 6.61 m), indicating adaptation to human presence. Subsequently, a significant association between the FID and DF was observed. The findings also reveal a significant relationship between FID and body size, suggesting body size should be considered when creating avian risk assessment frameworks. This study provides reliable proof of birds' behavioral adaptation to urban environments. It opens the door to further urban ecology research, emphasizing the need to understand wildlife responses to urbanization to create effective conservation plans.