bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Horta escolar como fonte de nutrientes, educação ambiental e ferramenta pedagógica
Authors: Oliveira Antônio Fernando Subtil de , Porsch Marcia Regina Maboni Hoppen , Pfuller Ernane Ervino , Mello Ulisses Pereira de 
Published: December 2023

: O projeto de extensão “Horta Escolar como Fonte de Nutrientes, Educação Ambiental e Ferramenta Pedagógica com os Alunos da Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Professora Loreni Moreira” busca incentivar a produção e consumo de alimentos saudáveis. É no ambiente escolar que o aluno permanece boa parte de seu tempo, sendo assim, a implantação de uma horta nesse espaço pode contribuir para despertar o interesse dos alunos em vivenciar práticas educativas ambientais e incentivá-los a uma alimentação saudável e ao trabalho em equipe. Logo, esse trabalho teve como objetivo fomentar a implantação de uma horta escolar de base agroecológica na Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Professora Loreni Moreira, localizada na zona rural do Município de Santo Expedito do Sul – RS, tendo como enfoque a educação ambiental e nutricional, a interdisciplinaridade e o trabalho em equipe, mediante a implantação e manutenção da horta. O trabalho foi desenvolvido com a participação de todos os alunos da escola, distribuídos do 1º ao 9º ano do ensino fundamental I e II, perfazendo um total de 67 alunos. As atividades desenvolvidas na horta escolar contribuíram para elevar a conscientização dos alunos sobre os problemas ambientais e permitiu a compreensão do que seja sustentabilidade, equilíbrio ecológico através da adoção de práticas agroecológicas no manejo da horta.
Plausible hybrid-infrastructure alternatives for enhancing climate resilience of coastal communities -a case of megacity of Mumbai, India
Authors: Jain Jinal , Dhiman Ravinder 
Published: December 2023

Number: 1424249
Marginalized vulnerable coastal communities living along the urban
coasts are continuously under the dual threat of natural hazards and the
adverse impact of infrastructure development, which results in the
increase of cumulative risk for these communities. Further, the
irreversible impacts of climate change have also exacerbated the risks
associated with aging infrastructure and vulnerable coastal communities.
Therefore, strengthening the climate resilience of such communities
stands as a duly acknowledged priority for developing nations. One of
the possible solutions to strengthen climate resilience is through the
development and implementation of sustainable hybrid infrastructure
alternatives. In this work, we characterized the data-driven Coastal
Infrastructure Resilience Index (CIRI) to assess the performance of
existing coastal infrastructure along the coast of Mumbai City in India.
This study thoroughly utilized the potential of high-resolution
remote-sensing imagery and socio-economic parameters from SEDAC data to
derive CIRI. The robustness of the CIRI is improved with integrated
value function and expert knowledge. As both grey infrastructure, such
as seawalls, levees, and bulkheads and green infrastructure, such as
salt marshes, mangroves, beaches, dunes, oysters and coral reefs have
limited resilience in a multi-hazard environment, we identified the
major hotspots of concerns through CIRI to propose the plausible hybrid
(green-grey) infrastructure alternatives (green-grey) using Adaptive
Gradient Framework for Mumbai’s coastal context. Adapting Hybrid
infrastructure alternatives empowers coastal communities with heightened
climate benefits and co-benefits. The major findings of this study
contribute as a science-policy instrument to localize the Sustainable
Development Goals 11(11.5, 11. b), 13, and 14.2 of the United Nations.
Keyword- Integrated Coastal Management, Adaptation, risk-informed, Urban
coastal areas, decision-analysis
Drive-Around Surveys for Detection and Quantification of Methane Leaks Estimating Emission Rates from Drive-Around Surveys
Authors: Nivitanont Jeffrey , Pozsonyi Kristen , Vaughn Tim , Barbaro Arthur , sr. Santos , Riddick Stuart , Murphy Shane , Zimmerle Daniel 
Published: December 2023

Current MMRV solutions have the potential to quickly survey entire
oilfields or detect methane leaks down to the component level, but also
carry high price tags or, indirectly, high implementation costs. The
Stanford/EDF Mobile Monitoring Challenge (MMC) conducted in 2018 was the
first study to systematically evaluate methane mitigation technologies
for incorporation into LDAR programs at the operator level. Three
vehicle-based solutions tested in the MMC utilized a fence-line
screening pattern that encompassed a production site and equipment,
which we refer to as a “drive-around survey,” and showed promising
results of greater than or equal to 88% true positive source
identification rates for controlled releases in the 0-26 kg CH4/hr
range.
In this work, we evaluate a similar on-site drive-around survey as an
alternative methane leak detection method under the EPA’s recent update
to the Standards of Performance for New, Reconstructed, and Modified
Sources and Emissions: Oil and Natural Gas Sector (NSPS). We find that a
simple methane enhancement threshold binary classification system
performs well with true positive rates > 0.8, though the
precision of this classifier is inversely related to the magnitude of
the emission rates for each class. We also describe a heuristic approach
to estimating dispersion without source distance information.
Incorporating this information into a linear model of emission rates
regressed on survey data, we improve the model fit to R^2
> 0.9.
Deep Learning Saliency and Segmentation Methods for Robust Methane Plume Detection
Authors: Lee Jake , Bue Brian , Thorpe Andrew , Cusworth Daniel , Ayasse Alana , Duren Riley 
Published: December 2023

Identification of global methane (CH) sources is
critical for the quantification and mitigation of this potent greenhouse
gas. In preparation for Carbon Mapper, a future spaceborne imaging
spectrometer mission, our work so far has focused on developing a robust
methane plume detection method with AVIRIS-NG Columnwise Matched Filter
(CMF) data. While we have previously demonstrated robust classification
of plume source presence in ~800m square tiles, a
deployed Science Data System (SDS) pipeline will require heat map or
mask products that highlight the location of methane plume sources in
entire flightlines and scenes.
We present two methods for implementing pixel-wise methane plume
detection. First, we convert our existing GoogLeNet Convolutional Neural
Network (CNN) classifier into a Fully Convolutional Network (FCN)
segmentation model with a novel implementation of shift-and-stitch, in
which the final fully connected layer is replaced by a one-by-one
convolutional layer. This allows us to produce a saliency map of methane
plumes in scenes of arbitrary sizes without re-training the existing
classification model. While heatmaps produced by this method lack
pixel-wise precision, they are sufficiently localized to direct
attention for further review.
Second, we propose a new hybrid segmentation model based on the popular
U-Net architecture. Notably, we backpropagate both segmentation and
classification losses during training, which significantly reduces the
number of false positive plume detections due to false enhancements and
artifacts. Additionally, we successfully use algorithm-generated
weakly-labeled segmentation masks, mitigating the need for expensive
human-generated segmentation annotations. We report and compare the
scene-level detection performance of these two methods on previously
curated datasets from “COVID” (2020 California), “CACH4” (2018
California), and “Permian” (2019 Texas) AVIRIS-NG Campaigns.
Effect of Botanicals on Fall Armyworm and Predators in Sorghum Ecosystem
Authors: Sunkara S. V. L. , Swathi M. , Madhumathi T. , Kumar P. Anil 
Published: December 2023

The present field experiment was conducted at Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla during kharif (June-November), 2019 to know the impact of botanicals against fall armyworm, S. frugiperda and their natural enemies (coccinellids, spiders and predatory bugs) in the sorghum ecosystem. Among the botanicals, the highest population reduction of FAW egg masses and larval population was recorded in NSKE @ 5% (71.43 and 60.87%, respectively), green chilli pod extract @ 5% (61.90 and 54.35%, respectively), neem leaf extract @ 5% (69.05 and 45.65%, respectively) and garlic bulb extract @ 5% (52.38 and 54.35%, respectively) treated plots. The botanicals that are used in the experiment were found safe from natural enemies. The maximum population of natural enemies i.e., coccinellids, spiders and predatory bugs was recorded in pongamia leaf extract @ 5% (0.16, 0.22 and 0.10 plant-1, respectively) whereas, the least was observed in emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 11 g a.i. ha-1 (0.02, 0.02 and 0.01 plant-1 respectively) treated plots. The emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 11 g a.i. ha-1 presented an adverse effect on natural enemies whereas no or few natural enemies were observed compared to botanical extracts. Therefore, it is recommended that spraying of botanicals has to be done four times at weekly intervals to keep FAW populations below economic injury level until crop maturity and these treatments were also found safe to natural enemies of FAW.
Theoretical, legislative and practical aspects of release from probation
Authors: Levchenko Yu.O. 
Published: December 2023

The article partially considers the issue of release from serving a sentence with probation, as a humanization of legislation and the state, determination of the probationary period for release from serving a sentence with probation under Art. 75.79 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, the points of view of some scientists regarding the concept of the examination period and factors that affect the objectivity of the appointment of the examination period are analyzed.
The essence of exemption from serving a sentence with probation is determined, the importance of the duties imposed on convicts and the expediency of additional punishments, the state of theoretical research on the issue of probation as a criminal-legal institution, the presence of problems and gaps in the legislation when applying this form of criminal-legal influence.
An actual and promising direction of further research on this issue has been developed, which will be important for the theory of criminal, criminal law and criminology, and will also improve the effectiveness of the practical application of the specified norms of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The institute is widely used in practice, it has a place of effectiveness, because it is possible to achieve the goals set by the punishment, without actually serving it and with minimal consequences for both the state and the convicted person. At the same time, there are also negative consequences for the convict in the form of actually serving the prescribed measure of punishment, if the latter did not fulfill the duties assigned to him, committed criminal offenses during the probationary period, as well as other illegal actions, which indicate his unwillingness to stand on way to fix it. In general, this issue is a relevant and promising direction of research, which is important both for the theory of criminal and criminal enforcement law, criminology, and for the practice of application.
The formation of international legal principles on the prevention of the placement of weapons in outer space (1959-1979)
Authors: Semenchuk M.R. 
Published: December 2023

This research article explores the issue of the formation of international legal principles on the prevention of the placement of weapons in outer space (1959-1979). The historical prerequisites and main provisions of key international treaties related to this issue are analyzed. The gradual formation of key agreements in the context of political confrontation and mistrust between the leading space powers, which is considered in the research, was an important step in limiting and containing the arms race in outer space. The article also discusses the limitations and gaps of the main agreements of international space law and related agreements, which only partially regulate the military use of space and do not address new types of weapons and technologies that can be deployed or used in outer space for military purposes.
The article suggests that one of the ways to strengthen the international legal framework for outer space demilitarization is the development of new international agreements that would prohibit the proliferation and use of such weapons and technologies in space, and that would protect outer space from aggressive military activities. Moreover, the article justifies the importance of the international legal regulation of the military use of outer space as a tool for preventing an arms race in outer space. It can include such issues as regulation of new types of weapons and their deployment that are not prohibited by main international agreements of international space law and ensuring the peaceful use of outer space.
The article also presents an explanation concerning a concept of «weaponization of space», which is part of the military use of space. In this vein, it evokes the necessity of further strengthening of the international legal regulation of the discussed topic.
The functions of a Municipal Law as a branch of law: debatable issues of theory
Authors: Batanov O.V. 
Published: December 2023

In article problems of the theory of functions of a modern Municipal Law are considered. The basic essential and meaningful, objective and subjective, internal and external aspects of modern Municipal Law. It is noted that among the basic tasks that are currently faced domestic science Municipal Law, is the formation of a coherent and comprehensive knowledge of the system of municipal law of Ukraine, its legal aspects and patterns of development and operation of its norms and institutions. A holistic conception of the Municipal Law of Ukraine in the unity of its static and functional, material and procedural elements are important theoretical and methodological basis for the development and improvement of the system of national municipalism, current municipal legislation and municipal law-making and law enforcement activities.
However, if the theory of problematic issues of Municipal Law as in law, its genesis, sources, norms and institutions are reflected in the works of Ukrainian researchers, the problem functions of this area of law remains almost unexplored. Understanding the nature and content of the functions of Municipal Law makes it possible to understand the importance of this area of law to regulate social relations and answer questions about the role of Municipal Law in society and the state.
It is proven that the legal features and qualifications of the functions of municipal law find their logical continuation in each independent group of these functions, which can be distinguished according to the appropriate division criteria. These criteria, which are the basis for the classification of functions of municipal law, should include: a) objects of influence of municipal law. According to this criterion, it is necessary to distinguish such objective functions of municipal law, from among the main ones, such as political function, economic function, social function, ideological function and corresponding external functions of municipal law; b) ways and means of influence of municipal law on relevant social relations. Such functions should include regulatory, establishing, protective, control, integrative (system-forming), law-making, law­enforcing, informational, axiological and a number of other functions of municipal law; c) conditions of influence of municipal law on relevant social relations. Such functions should include temporal (permanent and temporary) and territorial (national and local).
These criteria are the main criteria for the classification of functions of municipal law and do not exclude the possibility of identifying other criteria that would make it possible to improve their classification.
Enforcement of court decisions: analysis of the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine
Authors: Pankratova A. 
Published: December 2023

Constitutional law is concerned with the fact that the executive branch is responsible for the implementation of laws. The latter is also slightly different from a related concept, which is the application of laws, as evidenced by judicial practice. The concept of execution of a court decision is also understood from the point of view of the ECtHR, since the unreasonableness of the delay in rendering the decision entails the responsibility of the state in national legislation on the basis of Articles 6, §§ 1 and 13, ECHR, as the Court reminds "that the right to the execution of a court decision is one from the aspects of the right of access to a court... and that enforcement must be complete, perfect, and not partial.”
Effective execution of court decisions is an integral part of the requirements of Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights. Given the volume of cases pending before the Court and the instruments recently adopted by the Council of Europe in the field of law enforcement. There can be no reasonable doubt that the execution of the decision is an integral part of the right to effective judicial protection, as it is a logical consequence of the court's consideration of citizens' legal claims. The right to effective judicial protection and due legal procedure, as the timely implementation of decisions of the Constitutional Court is an imperative of the principle of legal certainty. It is a fundamental element of the requirement of efficiency, which is part of the process and guarantees compliance with the principles of supremacy and constitutional inviolability by all branches of government and citizens.
The enforcement of judgments issued by constitutional courts or tribunals is adjusted to the right of the party in whose favor the judicial authority rules, so that those who issue them or those who are responsible for their execution are obliged to take the necessary and timely measures measures for their strict compliance, in accordance with current rules and procedures.
International legal mechanisms for the protection of human rights and freedoms in times of war: the practice of the ECHR
Authors: Romtsiv O.I. 
Published: December 2023

The issue of human and civil rights and freedoms is an integral part of the problems of the real human situation in society and the State. Never before have the issues of human and civil rights and freedoms been raised as acutely as they are today in connection with Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The international community is on the side of Ukraine, the inviolability of its territorial integrity, and most importantly, in defense of human rights as the highest social value in the country.
Also, after the armed aggression of Russia and its full-scale invasion of Ukraine, ensuring international security has become a major issue of the day. As an independent, legal and social state, Ukraine is particularly interested in protecting human rights and freedoms. Currently, there are many international bodies that monitor the observance of human rights and freedoms and protect these rights, including courts and tribunals. They are divided into universal, i.e. those that operate at the UN level, and regional (European, American, African, Asian and others). For a detailed study of this issue, the author has researched and analyzed international standards of human and civil rights and freedoms, in particular, the case law of the ECHR in favor of Ukraine in the human rights protection system from 2014 to the present.
As of February 21, 2023, the following interstate cases were pending before the ECtHR: the «Crimean case» related to the annexation of Crimea by Russia; the case of human rights violations in the occupied territories of Donbas, which includes the complaint about the downing of Malaysian flight MH-17 filed by Ukraine and the Netherlands; the case of violations of the rights of Ukrainian political prisoners; the case of the seizure of Ukrainian sailors and vessels in the Kerch Strait in 2018. the case of crimes committed by the Russian military during the full-scale invasion of Ukraine.
However, it is worth noting that on September 16, 2022, Russia finally withdrew from the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. This was the result of Russia's expulsion from the Council of Europe. The European Court of Human Rights has finally lost jurisdiction over Russia, and the consideration of thousands of complaints against it has been called into question, including those filed by Ukraine.
Protection of intellectual propertyrights: peculiaritiesofimplementation in Ukraine, the USA and some countries of the European Union (Germany, France)
Authors: Boiarchuk С.М. 
Published: December 2023

In our work, we consider the peculiarities of the protection of intellectual property rights in Ukraine, USA and EU countries (Germany, France).
Intellectual property is a unique creation of the human mind and one of the important achievements of every developed and democratic country. The field of law in the field of intellectual property is currently in a state of active and unceasing development: legislative norms are constantly regulated, the experience of successful countries in the field of intellectual property is analyzed and borrowed. Taking into account the possibilities of modern technologies, intellectual property rights are increasingly subject to violations, which determines the specifics of their protection in Ukraine and the countries of the European Union (USA, Germany, France).
Taking into account the above and on the basis of scientific approaches and legally established provisions, the concepts of «intellectual property», «intellectual property right», «protection of intellectual property rights» have been defined. In the course of the analysis of national and foreign legislation, normative legal acts were established, according to which intellectual property rights were established in the studied countries.
Detailed attention is paid to the peculiarities of the protection of intellectual property rights in Ukraine, the USA, Germany and France, and to the identification of similar features and opportunities for borrowing better experience in the protection of intellectual property rights.
Attention is focused on the peculiarities of judicial protection in Ukraine under the conditions of martial law.
The article analyzes the methods of protecting intellectual property rights, taking into account the peculiarities of Ukraine, the USA, Germany and France, namely, the civil-law, criminal and administrative means of protection of Ukraine and the USA, the organizational and economic mechanisms of Germany and Ukraine, proposed for even more effective protection intellectual property rights and the reduction of violations in this area, to implement the successful experience of France regarding the obligation of citizens to patent and obtain a license for inventions and the experience of the French Republic in improving the judicial system and judicial protection of intellectual property rights.