bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Financial Flows and Financial Crises after the End of the Bretton Woods System
Authors: Meissner Christopher M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
International capital flows resumed in the 1970s. These international financial flows were often a driver for instability and crises instead of economic growth. The determinants of these crises varied over the years, but cross-border capital flows, fixed exchange rates were often involved. Incentive problems like moral hazard played a role, as did the structure of international lending and local policy choices. The successive waves of crises challenged the world to learn from and adapt to the new reality of financial flows with new policies. International lending and borrowing also created slow-burn, train-wreck-in-slow-motion debt crises in dozens of the world’s poorest countries. Unsustainable rises in foreign debt culminated in a powerful international movement in favor of debt relief. In these countries, odious debt—national debt piled up by despotic (and unaccountable) politicians—tended to crush the basis for economic growth for generations.
Prospects for the Global Economy in the 21st Century
Authors: Meissner Christopher M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Is more integration beneficial or costly for nations? Is globalization simply a convenient scapegoat? What prospect is there for globalization in the future? As this book has shown, the global economy has expanded enormously since the 1980s. Many mainstream economists and other “globalists” have approved of “hyperglobalization.” At the same time, deep integration has been blamed by many others for a number of short-term economic problems. This chapter explores three recent economic shocks that illustrate the challenges for the global economy. These include the rise of China, the Eurozone financial crisis, and Brexit. Will the global economy withstand the pressures of globalization, or will countries fail to cooperate?
Alcohol Diplomacy, Gender and Power in the Late Seventeenth-Century Gold Coast Slaving Complex
Authors: Chambers Lila O’Leary 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Across the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Atlantic African leaders confronted new challenges as the European demand for captive African labour transformed the political economy of the region and the experience of living within it. Among a range of new and remodelled strategies designed to protect their polities, West African leaders used alcohol diplomacy to facilitate political alliance, cross-cultural communication and economic exchange. This article draws on warehouse registers, European travelogues and joint-stock company correspondence to uncover Queen Tituba of Agona (c.1638–1707) in her efforts to manage the English Royal African Company. By tracing her adroit use of alcohol, it reveals how West Africans repurposed English commodities to fit their own patterns of consumption and exchange. From funnelling diplomatic gifts of brandy into Akan-speaking political hierarchies to resolving disputes over rum, the queen drew on alcohol to fortify her rule against other coastal powers and navigate the demands of her own officials, subjects and enslaved labourers. She deployed alcohol in these ways despite, and because of, the pressures placed on her as a woman political leader. Essential to trade and ritual, yet morally fraught, Queen Tituba’s use of alcohol upended the European hierarchies of race and gender that consigned West African women to the status of commodity rather than recognized them as strategic consumers. Following alcohol offers a way of unravelling the intersection between gender, consumption and authority in a period when the trafficking of enslaved African peoples fundamentally transformed Atlantic political economy.
Cynipid wasps systematically reprogram host metabolism and restructure cell walls in developing galls
Authors: Markel Kasey , Novak Vlastimil , Bowen Benjamin P , Tian Yang , Chen Yi-Chun , Sirirungruang Sasilada , Zhou Andy , Louie Katherine B , Northen Trent R , Eudes Aymerick , Scheller Henrik V , Shih Patrick M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Many insects have evolved the ability to manipulate plant growth to generate extraordinary structures called galls, in which insect larva can develop while being sheltered and feeding on the plant. In particular, cynipid (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) wasps have evolved to form morphologically complex galls and generate an astonishing array of gall shapes, colors, and sizes. However, the biochemical basis underlying these remarkable cellular and developmental transformations remains poorly understood. A key determinant in plant cellular development is cell wall deposition that dictates the physical form and physiological function of newly developing cells, tissues, and organs. However, it is unclear to what degree cell walls are restructured to initiate and support the formation of new gall tissue. Here, we characterize the molecular alterations underlying gall development using a combination of metabolomic, histological, and biochemical techniques to elucidate how valley oak (Quercus lobata) leaf cells are reprogrammed to form galls. Strikingly, gall development involves an exceptionally coordinated spatial deposition of lignin and xylan to form de novo gall vasculature. Our results highlight how cynipid wasps can radically change the metabolite profile and restructure the cell wall to enable the formation of galls, providing insights into the mechanism of gall induction and the extent to which plants can be entirely reprogrammed to form unique structures and organs.
Implementation of Peer-Assisted Physical Activity Via Telehealth for Adults on the Autism Spectrum: A Mixed Methods Feasibility Study
Authors: Tovin Melissa M , Núñez-Gaunaurd Annabel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective
Adults on the autism spectrum are at risk for physical inactivity, obesity, and related health conditions. Physical activity provides physical, social, and mental health benefits across the lifespan. Previous research examined feasibility and effectiveness of physical activity intervention in autistic children, but very few studies target autistic adults. This study examined the feasibility and acceptability of Physical Activity Connections via Telehealth, implemented during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown as an alternative to in-person programming for autistic adults aged 18 to 32.

Methods
The 10-week intervention utilized telehealth and remote technologies to deliver a theoretically grounded program to improve physical activity. Strategies included peer-guidance, coaching, individualized wellness goals, customized exercise programs, and wearable activity trackers. Feasibility and acceptability were examined using a mixed-methods design including observational and survey data collection, as well as participant interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis.

Results
Findings support feasibility and acceptability of telehealth to promote physical activity among autistic adults who have cognitive capacity and ability to utilize remote technology, with applicability beyond pandemic-imposed challenges.

Conclusion
Telehealth delivery of physical activity interventions is a viable alternative to in-person programs and may enable autistic adults to overcome barriers to physical activity participation and access.

Impact
As the rate of autism continues to rise globally, rehabilitation professionals will play a significant role in promoting health and wellness for autistic individuals across the lifespan. Findings promote informed practice based on the health needs of this growing segment of society.
Clinical characteristics, allergic response to autologous semen, and desensitization in patients with postorgasmic illness syndrome
Authors: Xi Guang-Peng , Yang Ruo-Xuan , Zhang Jing , Ma Yue-Mei , Zhong Xiao-Yan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Postorgasmic illness syndrome (POIS) is rare and includes a cluster of physical and cognitive symptoms that occur after ejaculation. The pathogenesis and effective treatments remain unclear.

Aim
This study aimed to characterize the symptomatology of POIS, study the allergic response of autologous semen in patients and controls, and evaluate the effects of desensitization therapy.

Methods
The clinical characteristics of 24 Chinese patients with POIS were analyzed. Skin prick tests, intracutaneous tests, and specific IgE detection were performed with autologous semen. Five patients were desensitized via subcutaneous injections of autologous semen.

Outcomes
Evaluated outcomes included the clinical features of POIS; scores of the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and visual analog scale (VAS) of symptoms; skin reactions; desensitization with diluted autologous seminal fluid; and the IgE reactivity patterns of immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in vitro.

Results
The most common symptom cluster was the general cluster, and the most prevalent symptoms were extreme fatigue and inattention. A total of 66.67% (14/21) of the patients had no symptoms or milder symptoms after nocturnal emission than after intercourse or masturbation. Of the patients, 87.5% (21/24) had psychiatric symptoms and 53.85% (7/13) had abnormal sex hormone levels. The SAS and SDS scores of the high and low VAS groups were significantly higher than those of the control group. Pearson analysis showed that the correlation coefficient between the SAS and VAS was 0.607 (P &lt; .01) and that between the SDS and VAS was 0.490 (P &lt; .05). The patients and healthy donors all had positive intracutaneous test results with their own semen, negative skin prick test results, and no IgE specific to autologous semen. Most patients (4/5) did not achieve ideal therapeutic effects with desensitization.

Clinical Implications
Allergy is not the main pathogenesis of POIS, and desensitization with autologous semen is not effective for most patients.

Strengths and Limitations
This project included the largest number of patients with POIS in China and assessed the allergic response to autologous semen and the effect of desensitization therapy. There is no objective method for evaluating the efficacy of desensitization with autologous semen.

Conclusions
IgE-mediated semen allergy is not the main pathogenesis of POIS, and there is a positive chance that POIS is related to psychological factors. Most patients do not respond to desensitization with autologous semen, and POIS treatment should be individualized, especially in cases with uncertain causes.
Microglia contribute to mammary tumor‐induced neuroinflammation in a female mouse model
Authors: Strehle Lindsay D. , Otto‐Dobos Lauren D. , Grant Corena V. , Glasper Erica R. , Pyter Leah M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFollowing diagnosis but before treatment, up to 30% of breast cancer patients report behavioral side effects (e.g., anxiety, depression, memory impairment). Our rodent mammary tumor model recapitulates aspects of these behavioral sequelae, as well as elevated circulating and brain inflammatory mediators. Neuroinflammation is a proposed mechanism underlying the etiology of mood disorders and cognitive deficits, and therefore may be contributing to tumor‐associated behavioral side effects. The cellular mechanisms by which tumor‐induced neuroinflammation occurs remain unknown, making targeted treatment approaches inaccessible. Here, we tested the hypotheses that microglia are the primary cells driving tumor‐induced neuroinflammation and behavioral side effects. Young adult female BALB/c mice were induced with a 67NR mammary tumor; tumor‐free controls underwent a sham surgery. Mammary tumors increased IBA1+ and GFAP+ staining in the amygdala and hippocampus relative to tumor‐free controls. However, tumors did not alter gene expression of Percoll‐enriched microglia isolated from the whole brain. While cognitive, social, and anhedonia‐like behaviors were not altered in tumor‐bearing mice, tumors increased central tendency in the open‐field test; microglia depletion did not reverse this effect. Brain region RT‐qPCR data indicated that microglia depletion attenuated tumor‐induced elevations of neuroinflammatory gene expression in a region‐ and mediator‐specific manner. These results indicate a causal role of microglia in tumor‐induced neuroinflammation. This research advances our understanding of the cellular mechanisms underlying tumor‐induced neuroinflammation in order to understand how brain responses (e.g., behavior) may be altered with subsequent cancer‐related immune challenges.
Visual outcome and postoperative complications of cataract surgery in patients with ocular surface disorders
Authors: Aggarwal Manvi , Gour Abha , Gupta Nidhi , Singh Aastha , Sangwan Virender 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
To determine the visual outcome and postoperative complications of cataract surgery in patients with ocular surface disorders (OSDs).

Setting:
Tertiary eyecare center in North India.

Design:
Retrospective observational study.

Methods:
Patients with various OSDs with stabilized ocular surfaces who underwent cataract surgery during this period and had a minimum postoperative follow-up of 6 weeks were included. The primary outcome measures were postoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) at 6 weeks, best CDVA achieved, and postoperative complications.

Results:
The study included 20 men and 24 women. A total of 55 eyes were evaluated: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) 35 eyes, ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP) 4 eyes, 8 eyes with dry eye disease (DED), 6 eyes with chemical injury and 2 eyes with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). The mean duration of OSD was 33.9 ± 52.17 months. The median preoperative CDVA was 2.0 (interquartile range [IQR], 1.45 to 2.0). The median CDVA ever achieved was 0.50 (IQR, 0.18 to 1.45) at 2 months and the median CDVA at 6 weeks was 0.6 (IQR, 0.3 to 1.5). Maximum improvement in CDVA was noted in patients with DED and SJS and the least in OCP. Phacoemulsification was performed in 47.27% eyes with intraoperative complications noted in 9% eyes. Postoperative surface complications occurred in 12 (21.82%) eyes. Other postoperative complications occurred in 9 (16%) eyes.

Conclusions:
Cataract surgery outcome can be visually rewarding in patients with OSDs provided ocular surface integrity is adequately maintained preoperatively and postoperatively.
Is Arthroscopic Meniscectomy Associated With an Increased Risk of Total Knee Arthroplasty for Claimants in the Workers’ Compensation System? A 10-Year Study of Workers’ Compensation Claims From a Large Nationwide Workers’ Compensation Insurance Carrier
Authors: Tsourmas Nicholas F. , Bernacki Edward J. , Hunt Dan L. , Kalia Nimisha , Lavin Robert A. , Yuspeh Larry , Leung Nina , Green-McKenzie Judith , Tao Xuguang (Grant) 
Published: January 2024

Background
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a commonly performed knee surgery and prior arthroscopic meniscectomy (AM) has been linked to an increased risk of TKA in the general population.

Objective
To study the relationship between AM and TKA among injured workers whose medical care is paid for under workers’ compensation (WC).

Method
A total of 17,247 lost-time claims depicting all arthroscopic knee surgical procedures performed from 2007 to 2017 were followed to the end of 2022 and analyzed.

Results
The odds ratio of undergoing a TKA for those with a preceding AM is 2.20, controlling for age, sex, and attorney involvement.

Conclusions
Undergoing an AM is associated with an increased risk of TKA in WC claimants.
Ambient Temperature Effects on Hospitalization Risk Among Farmers
Authors: Tran Nu Quy Linh , Nguyen Thi Tuong Vy , Chu Cordia , Phung Hai , Nghiem Son , Phung Dung 
Published: January 2024

Objective
The aim of the study is to assess the effect of high temperatures on hospitalization for all causes and heat-sensitive diseases among Vietnamese farmers.

Methods
The Poisson generalized linear model and distributed lag nonlinear model were used to investigate the temperature-hospitalization association for all causes and seven cause-specific disease groups.

Results
Every 1°C increase in daily mean temperature above the threshold increased the estimated relative risk (95% CI) of all-cause hospitalization by 1.022 (0.998–1.047) at the country level, 1.047 (1.007–1.089) in the south, and 0.982 (0.958–1.006) in the north. Infectious disease hospitalization was most affected by high temperatures (1.098 [1.057–1.140]). High temperatures significantly increased the risk of all-cause hospitalization for farmers 60 years and younger in three of the six provinces.

Conclusions
The findings emphasized the need for health promotion programs to prevent heat-related health issues.
The impact of genital lichen sclerosus in men and women on quality of life: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Jerkovic Gulin Sandra , Liljeberg Linnea , Seifert Oliver 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Genital lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that affects both sexes of all ages. The clinical characteristics include erosions, redness, and white plaques with atrophic skin, with symptoms such as pruritus, pain, dysuria, and dyspareunia.

Objective:
This prospective cohort study aimed to assess quality of life (QoL) in men and women with genital LS, both before and after treatment, using the Dermatology Quality of Life Index (DLQI) questionnaire.

Methods:
Patients diagnosed with genital LS were enrolled continuously in the study and were asked to complete the DLQI questionnaire before treatment and again after individualized treatment 12 weeks apart.

Results:
This study included 136 patients (48 females and 88 males) diagnosed with genital LS, with a median age of 62 years (range 18–86). The results showed a statistically significant decrease (P < .001) in DLQI score before treatment (median 6.0 [interquartile range (IQR), 1.0–11.0]) compared to after treatment (median 2.0 [IQR, 0.0–4.0)]. In males and females, the median DLQI scores before treatment were 3.0 (IQR, 0.0–10.0) and 8.0 (IQR, 4.5–11.5), respectively, and after treatment were 1.0 (IQR, 0.0–3.0) and 4.0 (IQR, 0.0–9.0), respectively. Females scored significantly higher (P < .001) than males.

Limitations:
The study’s limited generalizability stems from a small sample size of 136 patients, potentially restricting the application of findings to a broader population with genital lichen sclerosus. Additionally, the 12-week follow-up period may not adequately capture the long-term effects of interventions on quality of life. Reliance on self-reported data through the DLQI questionnaire introduces the possibility of bias, as participants may not accurately represent their symptoms and quality of life. The absence of a control group hinders the ability to attribute observed changes solely to the treatment, and the lack of detail on specific interventions makes it challenging to assess the effectiveness of individualized treatment approaches. The wide age range among participants (18–86 years) introduces potential confounding variables, as different age groups may respond differently to treatment.

Conclusion:
The study findings confirmed that individuals with genital LS experience a small decline in QoL, as observed in both males and females. This study also highlights that effective management of genital LS can significantly improve QoL in both sexes.
Implementing an evidence-based guideline to decrease opioids after cardiac surgery
Authors: Galao-Malo Roberto , Davidson Alison , D'Aoust Rita , Baker Deborah , Scott Mackenzy , Swain Julie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
Deaths related to overdoses continue growing in the United States. The overprescription of opioids after surgical procedures may contribute to this problem.

Local problem:
There is inconsistency in the prescription of opioids in cardiovascular surgery patients. Recommendations regarding the reduction of opioids at discharge are not fully implemented.

Methods:
This is a single-center, pre–post quality improvement project in adult patients after elective cardiac surgery through sternotomy.

Interventions:
Changes in guidelines, modification of order sets, creation of dashboards, and education to the providers to increase the prescription of acetaminophen around the clock on the step-down unit and at discharge, decrease the number of opioid tablets to 25 or less at discharge and decrease the prescription of opioids to 25 or less morphine milligram equivalents (MME) at discharge.

Results:
The preintervention group included 67 consecutive patients who underwent cardiac surgery from November to December 2021. The postintervention group had 67 patients during the same period in 2022. Acetaminophen prescription on the step-down unit increased from 9% to 96% (p < .001). The proportion of patients discharged with 25 or less opioid tablets increased from 18% to 90% (p < .001) and with 25 or less MME from 30% to 55% (p < .01). Acetaminophen prescription at discharge increased from 10% to 48% (p < .001).

Conclusions:
Our intervention increased the use of acetaminophen and decreased the overprescription of opioids in cardiac surgery patients at discharge. Further research is necessary to continue improving pain management to reduce the number of opioids prescribed at discharge.
Acupuncture: Effective and Recommended But More Implementation Needed
Authors: Koppelman Mel Hopper 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Acupuncture enjoys a robust evidence base for dozens of clinical conditions and decades of research exploring its mechanisms of action. It has over 9,000 positive recommendations from official government and clinical guidelines. However, it still remains relatively inaccessible in the United States, Europe and elsewhere, especially compared to the strength of evidence-based recommendations for its use. Acupuncture would benefit from robust implementation strategies, utilizing insights and approaches from implementation science. The clinical use of Botox for migraine suffered from weaker evidence of effectiveness and greater evidence of harm, but using a streamlined and robust implementation strategy, Allergan was able to achieve widespread implementation from when it began its efforts around 2010. Such a systematic approach that identifies and overcomes barriers to implementation for acupuncture would benefit millions of people who currently are offered less effective and more invasive treatments, contrary to the recommendations of clinical guidelines.
Vascular microphysiological systems
Authors: Shelton Sarah E. 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of review
This review summarizes innovations in vascular microphysiological systems (MPS) and discusses the themes that have emerged from recent works.

Recent findings
Vascular MPS are increasing in complexity and ability to replicate tissue. Many labs use vascular MPS to study transport phenomena such as analyzing endothelial barrier function. Beyond vascular permeability, these models are also being used for pharmacological studies, including drug distribution and toxicity modeling. In part, these studies are made possible due to exciting advances in organ-specific models. Inflammatory processes have also been modeled by incorporating immune cells, with the ability to explore both cell migration and function. Finally, as methods for generating vascular MPS flourish, many researchers have turned their attention to incorporating flow to more closely recapitulate in vivo conditions.

Summary
These models represent many different types of tissue and disease states. Some devices have relatively simple geometry and few cell types, while others use complex, multicompartmental microfluidics and integrate several cell types and origins. These 3D models enable us to observe model evolution in real time and perform a plethora of functional assays not possible using traditional cell culture methods.