bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation on mechanical properties of the green synthesis bamboo fiber/eggshell/coconut shell powder-based hybrid biocomposites under NaOH conditions
Authors: Natrayan L. , Chinta Neelima Devi , Gogulamudi Balakrishna , Swamy Nadh V. , Muthu G. , Kaliappan S. , Srinivas Chidurala 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This research delves into the effects of different alkalization treatment approaches on the mechanical characteristics of epoxy matrix composites that are reinforced with natural bamboo fibers and enriched with egg and coconut shell powders as fillers. Various weight ratios of fibers and fillers were investigated, specifically at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%. The study assessed mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural behavior, microhardness, and impact resilience. Findings indicate that composites with alkali-treated fibers demonstrate superior mechanical performance (49.28 MPa of tensile, 57.33 MPa of flexural 89 HV of hardness, and 1.3 kJ·m−2 of impact) compared to untreated counterparts. Particularly noteworthy is the significant improvement in fracture toughness observed with the inclusion of 20% hybrid laminates, surpassing the performance of existing biomaterial-based composites. This heightened toughness is attributed to the optimized composition of fibers and enhanced water absorption capabilities. Conversely, the incorporation of 25% and 30% hybrid composites led to a decrease in mechanical strength (38.65 MPa of tensile, 46.7 MPa of flexural, 72 HV of hardness, and 1.19 kJ·m−2 of impact) due to the formation of additional interfacial contacts, pores, and voids within the polymeric matrix.
A systematic review of English-as-a-foreign-language vocabulary learning activities for primary school students
Authors: Liu Sylvia , Reynolds Barry Lee 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
For young learners of English as a foreign language (EFL), the initial acquisition of English vocabulary is crucial to English proficiency. This study conducted a systematic review of studies of primary school students’ EFL vocabulary learning to identify types of activities for learning new vocabulary. A total of 57 vocabulary learning activities from 22 studies were coded, yielding ten types of intentional and eight types of incidental learning activities. The intentional learning activities involved more psychological conditions than the incidental ones. Following the involvement load hypothesis (ILH), we identified activities encompassing various combinations of psychological conditions inducing the highest and lowest involvement loads (ILs); the more such conditions an activity encompasses, the deeper the vocabulary learning processes, and the higher the IL, the better the retention. The comparison between the activity types provides useful information for teachers and researchers to design age-appropriate English vocabulary learning activities.
Study of explicit travelling wave solutions of nonlinear (2 + 1)-dimensional Zoomeron model in mathematical physics
Authors: Tariq Kalim U. , Liu Jian-Guo , Nisar Sana 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article studeis the nonlinear (2 + 1)-dimensional Zoomeron equation by utilizing the various prominent analytical approaches namely the unified method and the extended hyperbolic function approach. The analysis in the current paper demonstrates the presence of travelling wave solutions. The applied methods are utilized as powerful tools to investigate and solve the model. The results obtained through these analytical methods reveal insightful patterns in the behavior of the Zoomeron equation. The significance of our work lies in the uniqueness of the methods employed. The two methods are applied to systematically analyze the equation, revealing hidden patterns and structures within its solution space. This leads to the discovery of a collection of solitary wave solutions such as kink waves, singular kink waves, periodic waves and dark soliton using contour plots, 3D and 2D graphics. In this article, we definitely prove that as the free parameters change, the wave amplitude changes as well. It is shown that the applied strategies are more effective and may be implemented to a variety of contemporary nonlinear evolution models emerging in mathematical physics.
Independent and dynamic manipulation of surface waves radiation for quadruplex polarization channels enabled by programmable coding metasurface
Authors: Wang Zhenxu , Liu Tonghao , Liang Jian-Gang , Wang Jiafu , Meng Yueyu , Fu Xinmin , Chen Hongya , Zhu Ruichao , Chu Zuntian , Cui Yina , Sun Huiting , Wang Shaojie , Ma Hua , Qu Shaobo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Flexible manipulation of surface waves (SWs) radiation has been continuously intriguing enormous interests of researchers due to its promising application prospects, and metasurfaces exhibit unparalleled capability to efficiently control SWs radiation. However, existing schemes still suffer from the bottlenecks of single radiation channel and immutable radiation pattern, which are difficult to satisfy the requirements of high-integration intelligent metadevices. Herein, an ingenious strategy of the SWs radiation metadevice is proposed to independently and dynamically manipulate SWs directional radiation in four polarization channels. The waveguide port and the guided wave structure are designed to excite and propagate the desired SWs, and the programmable coding metasurface can independently convert SWs into x-polarized radiation waves, y-polarized radiation waves, left-handed circular polarized radiation waves and right-handed circular polarized radiation waves and dynamically control the corresponding radiation angles by adjusting the ON/OFF states of two positive-intrinsic-negative diodes in each spin-decoupled meta-atom. Numerous simulation and experimental results of the proof-of-concept prototype are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions, which verify the feasibility of our proposed methodology. The innovative design of four-channel SWs radiation metadevice with high radiation efficiency and broad radiation bandwidth offers an excellent platform for flexibly manipulating SWs radiation, and possesses tremendous potential in engineering application.
Investigation of the dose-response linearity of guar gum for gamma-ray dosimetry at radiation processing levels using Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Malekie Shahryar , Veiskarami Amir 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this experimental work, guar gum powder was exposed to gamma radiation from a 60Co source at absorbed doses of 0, 10, 30, 50, 80, 100, 150 kGy at dose rate of 1.62 Gy/s. Raman spectroscopy was applied to measure the intensity of the samples ranging from of 500–4600 cm−1. The intensity versus Raman shift was evaluated at 3800–4000 cm−1. Then the curve was fitted linearly. The slope of the lines was determined in each absorbed dose. Results indicated that the absolute values of the slope of each line were enhanced with increasing the absorbed dose. This trend was linear within the absorbed dose ranging from of 0–50 kGy, in which was saturated after 80 kGy. Results showed that guar gum can be applied as a passive dosimeter at radiation processing level.
Enhancement of hardness and wear strength of pure Cu and Cu–TiO2 composites via a friction stir process while maintaining electrical resistivity
Authors: Alnaser Ibrahim A. , Yunus Mohammed 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The study aims to enhance the hardness and wear of copper and Cu–TiO2-based composites while maintaining high electrical conductivity through friction stir processing (FSP). It assesses the impact of TiO2 volume fractions and groove widths (GWs) on the wear, hardness, resistivity, and microstructure of FSPed Cu and FSPed Cu–TiO2 surface composite. The samples obtained from the stir zone showed an increase in microhardness of the Cu–TiO2 surface composite due to particle refinement, uniform distribution, and efficient sticking of TiO2 with Cu. Furthermore, the wear rate increased with decreasing TiO2 volume fractions in the composite. The worn surface microstructural analysis indicated a transition from harsh to gentle wear with increasing TiO2 volume fractions and GWs. The average grain size reduced significantly in reinforced stir zones compared to pure Cu, and particle size decreased further with increasing groove size. Hardness increased by 25 and 50% compared to unprocessed Cu, but only a negligible increase in electrical resistivity (2.3% Ωm) after FSP.
Implementasi HE, AHE, dan CLAHE Pada Metode Convolutional Neural Network untuk Identifikasi Citra X-Ray Paru-Paru Normal atau Terinfeksi Covid19
Authors: Hilmi Nizar , Saputra Wahyu Andi 
Published: February 2024

Pada tanggal 7 Juni 2022 secara global terdapat 232 negara dengan total kasus infeksi Covid 19 mencapai 529.410.287 kasus serta 6.296.771 kasus kematian. Diagnosis secara cepat dan tepat diperlukan untuk menangani permasalahan tersebut, sehingga dapat menekan penyebaran virus yang semakin meluas dan tidak terkendali. Saat ini, diagnosis berbasis komputer dapat digunakan oleh tenaga medis dalam mendiagnosis pneumonia pada Covid 19. Diagnosis berbasis komputer dapat menggunakan teknologi klasifikasi dalam deep learning dengan memanfaatkan data citra x-ray. Salah satu metode dalam deep learning yang dapat menangani persoalan klasifikasi dan segmentasi melalui data citra yaitu Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Penelitian ini melakukan pengujian perbandingan performa HE, AHE, dan CLAHE terhadap akurasi CNN yang diperoleh. Hasilnya akan digunakan sebagai model untuk mendiagnosis citra x-ray apakah citra termasuk kategori Covid 19 atau normal menggunakan metode transfer learning. Berdasarkan pengujian yang telah dilakukan performa model terbaik diperoleh model CLAHE 50 epochs dengan accuracy, precision, recall, f1-score, dan AUC 96.4 %. Sedangkan pengujian kemampuan model dalam mendiagnosis 40 citra baru diperoleh akurasi 100% untuk kelas Covid 19 dan 70% pada kelas normal dengan akurasi rata-rata 85%.
Perancangan User Experience Sistem PKL Berbasis Website Menerapkan Context Awareness dan Metode Design Thinking di SMKN 2 Malang
Authors: Rokhmawati Retno Indah , Widiyanto Andre , Rachmadi Aditya 
Published: February 2024

SMKN 2 Malang adalah salah satu sekolah menengah kejuruan di Kota Malang yang memiliki program PKL untuk melatih keterampilan siswa dalam bekerja. Pelaksanaan PKL di SMKN 2 Malang masih dilakukan secara manual menggunakan aplikasi spreadsheet yang mengakibatkan panjangnya proses pengelolaan data pendaftaran PKL, pengambilan keputusan penempatan, hingga proses monitoring. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan perancangan pengalaman pengguna untuk menggali aspek people, activity, dan context permasalahan ini untuk menghasilkan desain yang memenuhi kebutuhan fungsional maupun non-fungsional dan mempermudah pelaksanaan kegiatan PKL. Perancangan ini menggunakan pendekatan Design Thinking, sedangkan untuk pengujian rancangan menggunakan Usability Testing dan Single Ease Question (SEQ). Pada penelitian ini dimasukan context awareness yang berisikan informasi pengguna berupa waktu, lokasi, aktivitas, dan identitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan observasi serta wawancara, menganalisis data, dan hasil analisis data. Penelitian ini melibatkan 4 kelompok pengguna guru pembimbing PKL, siswa, admin, dan DU/DI. Pengujian dilakukan untuk mengukur efektivitas, efisiensi, dan kemudahan dari rancangan. Pengujian efektivitas mendapatkan nilai 94,44% dan dinyatakan sukses sudah melebihi 78% sebagai standar kelulusan pengujian efektivitas. Pengujian efisiensi mendapatkan nilai rata-rata 0,178 dalam penyelesaian setiap task. Pengujian kepuasan mendapatkan nilai 6,67 dan nilai tersebut sudah melebih 5,5 sebagai standar kelulusan pengujian kepuasan.
Penerapan Stacking Ensemble Learning untuk Klasifikasi Efek Kesehatan Akibat Pencemaran Udara
Authors: Sunarko Budi , Hasanah Uswatun , Hidayat Syahroni , Muhammad Naufal , Ardiansyah Muhammad Irfan , Ananda Briska Putra , Hakiki Muhammad Khikam , Baroroh Luluk Taufiqul 
Published: February 2024

Pencemaran udara merupakan masalah serius yang berdampak negatif pada kesehatan manusia. Berbagai jenis polutan udara seperti partikel halus, sulfur dioksida, nitrogen oksida, dan ozon dapat menyebabkan gangguan pernapasan, penyakit jantung, kanker paru-paru, dan masalah kesehatan lainnya. Untuk memahami dampak kesehatan pencemaran udara, klasifikasi efek kesehatan akibat pencemaran udara menjadi penting. Metode klasifikasi ini membagi efek kesehatan berdasarkan jenis polutan, dosis, dan waktu paparan. Penelitian ini mengusulkan penerapan metode klasifikasi dengan ensemble learning untuk mengidentifikasi polutan berdampak dan tingkat risiko kesehatannya. Ensemble learning adalah teknik pembelajaran mesin yang menggabungkan beberapa model untuk meningkatkan akurasi prediksi. Stacking ensemble learning merupakan salah satu metode yang digunakan dalam klasifikasi efek kesehatan pencemaran udara dengan mengintegrasikan beberapa model dasar seperti Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbor, Support Vector Machine, dan Multi-Layer Perceptron. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model Stacking memberikan performa tertinggi dengan akurasi sekitar 99,9% pada dataset baik yang seimbang maupun tidak seimbang. Namun, model Decision Tree dan K-Nearest Neighbor juga berhasil memberikan performa yang sangat baik. Waktu pelatihan model menjadi pertimbangan penting, di mana K-Nearest Neighbor dan Decision Tree memiliki waktu yang jauh lebih singkat dibandingkan dengan model Stacking.
Seismicity under a Dormant Volcano: Unveiling Active Crustal Faulting beneath Piton des Neiges, La Réunion
Authors: Firode Lise , Duputel Zacharie , Ferrazzini Valérie , Lengliné Olivier 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Volcanic environments are commonly associated with seismic activity. The two prominent shield volcanoes of La Réunion island—Piton des Neiges and Piton de la Fournaise, exhibit sustained seismic activity. Whereas the seismicity at Piton de la Fournaise is tied to its volcanic activity, the seismic activity beneath Piton des Neiges, which has been dormant for 27,000 yr, remains poorly understood. The occurrence of earthquakes under the north flank of Piton des Neiges, often felt by the population, led to the deployment of several seismic stations in the area since 2012. In this study, we employ template matching and double-difference relocation techniques to construct a high-resolution catalog of the region. Our results reveal that the seismicity observed under Piton des Neiges is primarily concentrated on a northeast-dipping fault located in the oceanic crust beneath the volcanic edifice. Analysis of focal mechanisms indicates that this structure operates as a reverse fault. In the vicinity of this primary fault, we also identify secondary seismicity clusters with similar orientation and focal mechanisms. The region has experienced continuous seismicity since 1999, with occasional periods of increased swarmlike activity in 2011 and 2018. These fluctuations in seismicity rate do not correlate with markers of deep magma transfers often observed before eruptions at the Piton de la Fournaise volcano. Beyond the crustal faults highlighted in this study, it is noteworthy that the majority of earthquakes in northern La Réunion island exhibit consistent reverse focal mechanisms. These observations suggest that seismic events may not be driven by deep magmatic activity but, rather, result from regional tectonic stress and edifice loading on pre-existing faults.
Pengaruh Pengawetan terhadap Kuat Geser Bambu Petung (Dendrocolamus asper)
Authors: Masdar Astuti 
Published: February 2024

Bambu Petung merupakan salah jenis bambu unggulan dan banyak digunakan sebagai bahan kerajinan, alat rumah tangga, alat musik maupun sebagai konstruksi termasuk di daerah Sumatera Barat. Pengggunaan bambu sebagai bahan konstruksi dikarenakan bambu memiliki banyak keunggulan terutama pada sifat fisik dan mekaniknya. Meskipun memiliki keunggulan dari sifat mekaniknya, sebagai bahan organik Bambu Petung memiliki kelemahan yaitu tingkat keawetannya yang relatif rendah. Untuk mengatasi masalah keawetan ini diperlukan perlakuan khusus yaitu pengawetan bambu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah proses pengawetan pada Bambu Petung berpengaruh terhadap kuat geser bambu mengingat kuat geser bambu adalah salah satu nilai yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap kekuatan struktur bambu, terutama pada sambungan. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan standar ISO N225157-1 untuk pembuatan benda uji dan Standar N22157-2 untuk pengujian material. Pengawetan pada bambu dilakukan mengacu pada SNI 8909-2020. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses pengawetan dapat meningkatkan nilai kuat geser bambu pada daerah ruas sebesar 26,15% dan pada daerah antar ruas sebesar 29,89%. Kondisi ini dapat dijadikan acuan dalam merancang sambungan bambu mengingat kekuatan geser merupakan faktor penentu kekuatan sambungan.Kata-kata kunci: bambu, pengawetan, kuat geser, nodia, internodia
Praktyki dyskretne w mieście na przykładzie skrytego spożywania „małpek”
Authors: Krajewski Marek 
Published: February 2024

W artykule wprowadzam kategorię praktyk dyskretnych, rozumianych jako praktyki społeczne pozwalające jednostkom na angażowanie się w działania, których zachodzenia inne osoby nie powinny być w danym momencie świadome. Przykładem tego zjawiska, mocno obecnym w polskim kontekście, jest potajemne picie w przestrzeni publicznej wódki z małych szklanych butelek zwanych „małpkami”. Analiza tego zjawiska pozwala wykazać, w jaki sposób określone kategorie konsumentów są wykluczane ze współczesnego miasta tylko dlatego, że spożywają alkohol w niewłaściwy sposób, w nieodpowiednim miejscu i czasie. Pomimo iż skupiam się na „małpkach”, to pokazuję także, dlaczego kategoria praktyk dyskretnych jest funkcjonalna poznawczo i w jaki sposób może pomóc w badaniu współczesnego miasta, prywatności, relacji władzy i procesów indywidualizacji.
A Comparative Research and Analysis of the Development of Sustainable Tourism in Georgian and other International Curricula
Authors: Koblianidze Tamar , Sachaleli Nino 
Published: February 2024

In recent years, sustainable development has become an important part of educational systems, beginning from primary schools to universities. Consequently, it has evolved into a societal priority. In 2019, the UNESCO adopted the ESD for 2030 framework with the overall objective of building a more just and sustainable world through the achievement of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Education for sustainable development for 2030 framework identifies 5 priority action areas: policy, education and training settings, educators, youth, and communities. Sustainable tourism development has been a commonly used term for many years and is, therefore, an important concept for consideration within tourism degree courses/programs. Based on qualitative research and case study method, this paper focuses on discussing the undergraduate and graduate programs in the context of teaching sustainable tourism in foreign countries, which are compared with the experience of the Georgian Technical University. The aim of the research was to study current educational programs related to sustainable tourism and highlight its importance. In conclusion, it can be asserted that sustainable tourism programs are experiencing a growing demand, with various types of policies being developed. However, the program at the Georgian Technical University stands out on an international scale, having no analogue and being truly unique. At the same time, the results indicate that in many cases, sustainability pedagogy/teaching methods, such as systems and holistic thinking, are not yet widely adopted and are in the process of implementation.
Comparative Analysis of the Concept of Death in Turkish and Japanese Proverbs
Authors: Dogan Guliz 
Published: February 2024

Death constitutes the last part of the life cycle. Although both being born and living are welcomed with joy by human beings, death brings pain and eternal unhappiness. This paper focuses on revealing how the concept of death, which contains deep sadness, is handled in Turkish and Japanese proverbs. Proverbs are stereotypes passed from one generation to another and are very important in reflecting the lifestyles and ways of thinking of the societies to which they belong. Proverbs are essential in transferring cultural knowledge because our ancestors created them with the accumulation and experience of many years. In this study, comparative analysis method is employed. Total of 127 proverbs, including 80 Turkish proverbs and 47 Japanese proverbs, are examined. They are grouped into death has causes, death as an unknown end, death has time to occur, grief for death, death is not welcomed, death occurs one time, death as a bad situation, understanding the value of things and people after death, death and animal, after death there is no meaning, comparing the wrong things with death, death relates to funerals and religious rituals, death is a relief and escape, and contradicting proverbs. As a conclusion, although Turkish and Japanese people have different cultural backgrounds, it is seen in proverbs that they have similar cultural values to death. All categories as mentioned above have similarities except the grief for death seen in Turkish proverbs but not in Japanese. The religious rituals that relate to death differ as both (Turks and Japanese) have different religions. Although there are expressions about Islam in Turkish proverbs, expressions about Buddhism are seen in Japanese proverbs.
Digital Services in Georgian Tourism – The Basis of Smart Tourism
Authors: Meladze Maia , Gvaramadze Ana , Bestaeva Salome 
Published: February 2024

The paper is an integral part of the project "Research on the use of digital products in the Georgian tourism sector" which won the internal grant projects competition of Grigol Robakidze University.
Digitalization is an inseparable part of the modern world. More and more companies are trying to refine and simplify both production and service. Digital technologies are helping companies in the tourism industry to expand the scope of their activities, covering a much larger scale than was previously possible. The use of digital technologies helps companies in the field of tourism not only to improve the service but also with its help the company can use online marketing, which significantly stimulates sales growth. There are a lot of essential modern digital trends that those in the tourism industry need to be aware of and adapt to if they are going to successfully optimize business performance. The objective of the chapter is to identify digital services in the Georgian tourism sector, determine the level of development of smart tourism, analyze its characteristics, and review challenges and opportunities in this direction.