bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes of the bacterial composition in duodenal fluid from patients with liver cirrhosis and molecular bacterascites
Authors: Höppner Jim , Krohn Sandra , van den Munckhof Ellen H. A. , Kallies René , Herber Adam , Zeller Katharina , Tünnemann Jan , Matz-Soja Madlen , Chatzinotas Antonis , Böhm Stephan , Hoffmeister Albrecht , Berg Thomas , Engelmann Cornelius 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSmall intestinal bacterial overgrowth and compositional changes of intestinal microbiota are pathomechanistic factors in liver cirrhosis leading to bacterial translocation and infectious complications. We analyzed the quantity and composition of duodenal bacterial DNA (bactDNA) in relation to bactDNA in blood and ascites of patients with liver cirrhosis. Duodenal fluid and corresponding blood and ascites samples from 103 patients with liver cirrhosis were collected. Non-liver disease patients (n = 22) served as controls. BactDNA was quantified by 16S-rRNA gene-based PCR. T-RFLP and 16S-rRNA amplicon sequencing were used to analyze bacterial composition. Duodenal bacterial diversity in cirrhosis was distinct to controls showing significantly higher abundances of Streptococcus, Enterococcus and Veillonella. Patients with bactDNA positive ascites revealed reduced spectrum of core microbiota with Streptococcus as key player of duodenal community and higher prevalence of Granulicatella proving presence of cirrhosis related intestinal dysbiosis. Regarding duodenal fluid bactDNA quantification, no significant differences were found between patients with cirrhosis and controls. Additionally, percentage of subjects with detectable bactDNA in blood did not differ between patients and controls. This study evaluated the diversity of bacterial DNA in different body specimens with potential implications on understanding how intestinal bacterial translocation may affect infectious complications in cirrhosis.
Insight into the dynamics of heat and mass transfer in nanofluid flow with linear/nonlinear mixed convection, thermal radiation, and activation energy effects over the rotating disk
Authors: Kanwal Shumaila , Shah Syed Asif Ali , Bariq Abdul , Ali Bagh , Ragab Adham E. , Az-Zo’bi Emad A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study linear and nonlinear mixed convection, activation energy, and heat radiation effects caused by nanoparticles. This study aims to improve the understanding of how nanofluids behave in the presence of rotating disks and develop more efficient and effective cooling technologies. The flow problem consisted of partial differential equations (PDE). It is challenging to calculate these equations as a result of these nonlinear PDEs. Consequently, we use appropriate similarities to transform them into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The bvp4c Matlab built-in technique is then used to resolve these ODEs. The velocities, temperature, and concentration outcomes with the various factors are examined graphically. Additionally, tables are employed to analyze the skin friction and Nusselt number values. It is analyzed that increasing the linear and linear mixed convection parameters enhances the velocity profiles of nanofluid. Enhancements in heat are analyzed by increasing nonlinear thermal radiation and enhancement in concentration is examined by increasing activation energy. Furthermore, as the variables for thermophoresis and Brownian motion are increased, the Nusselt number falls. The heat transfer rate is 27.16% for $$Rd=0.6$$

R
d
=
0.6

and 39.28% for $$Rd=1.4$$

R
d
=
1.4

. Thus, the heat transfer rate is enhanced 12.12%. This study’s practical applications include improving the behavior of fluids and the transfer of heat in rotating frameworks, which may affect energy systems, heat exchangers, and cooling advances in technology.
Convergent differentiation of multiciliated cells
Authors: Chae Shinhyeok , Park Tae Joo , Kwon Taejoon 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMulticiliated cells (MCCs) are epithelial cells that control body fluid flow and contribute to the clearance of pathogenic microbes and other particles from the airways, egg transport in oviducts, and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the central nervous system. Although MCCs have shared functions to control fluid flow via coordinated motility of multiple ciliary structures, they are found in multiple mammalian tissues originating from distinct germ layers and differentiate via distinct developmental pathways. To understand the similarities and differences of MCCs in multiple tissues, we investigated single-cell transcriptome data of nasal epithelial cells, bronchial tubes, fallopian tubes, and ependymal cells in the subventricular zone from humans and mice by cross-species data integration. Expression of cilia-associated genes was indistinguishable between these MCCs, although cell populations had unique properties by the species and tissue, demonstrating that they share the same final differentiation status for ciliary functions. We further analyzed the final differentiation step of MCCs from their distinctive progenitors and confirmed their convergent gene set expression for ciliogenesis at the final step. These results may provide new insight into understanding ciliogenesis during the developmental process.
Different spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous quantitation of Vericiguat and its alkaline degradation product: a comparative study with greenness profile assessment
Authors: Mustafa Doaa M. , Magdy Nancy , El Azab Noha F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInvestigations concerning novel drugs and their induced degradation products are necessary for clinical research and quality control in the pharmaceutical industry. Four spectrophotometric techniques have been performed for simultaneous quantitation of Vericiguat (VER) and its alkali-induced degradation product (ADP) without prior separation. Method A is a dual wavelength method (DW) that estimates the absorbance difference at 314–328 nm, and 246–262 nm for VER and ADP; respectively. Method B uses a ratio difference method (RD) to estimate the ratio spectrum’s amplitude difference (DP318-342) and (DP284-292) for VER and ADP; respectively. Method C uses a first derivative ratio method (1DD) to estimate the peak ratio spectrum amplitude of the first derivative at 318 and 275 nm for VER and ADP; respectively. Method D uses the mean centering of the ratio spectra (MCR) to estimate amplitude values for VER and ADP at 337 and 292 nm; respectively. In a concentration range of 5.00–50.00 µg/mL for VER and 5.00–100.00 µg/mL for ADP, the methods were validated following ICH criteria and utilized to estimate VER in bulk and its dosage form. The methods’ greenness was assessed via three tools: the green analytical procedure index (GAPI), analytical eco-scale, and analytical greenness assessment (AGREE).
Impact of short-duration voltage variations on VSC-HVDC performance
Authors: Mostafa Reem A. , Emary Adel , Sayed A. , EL-Shimy M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe growing load demand globally necessitates increasing the penetration of renewable energy sources into electrical grids as well as interconnecting grids from different countries and even continents through HVDC transmission systems. Since these applications rely on power electronics devices, several power quality issues arise, namely voltage sags and swells. This paper analyzes the response of a VSC-HVDC transmission system that interconnects two asynchronous AC grids to short-duration voltage variations like sag and swell by adjusting the voltage of the controllable AC source. The system is simulated with the help of MATLAB/Simulink. The study records the effect of the manipulated AC voltage on the active/reactive powers and AC/DC voltages at both converter stations to evaluate the system stability due to these prevalent power quality challenges. The obtained results reveal that the system hardly withstands voltage variation for a short period.
A comprehensive metabolite fingerprint of fibrostenosis in patients with Crohn’s disease
Authors: Bos Simon , Lobatón Triana , De Vos Martine , Van Welden Sophie , Plekhova Vera , De Paepe Ellen , Vanhaecke Lynn , Laukens Debby 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntestinal fibrostenosis in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) is a common and untreatable comorbidity that is notoriously difficult to monitor. We aimed to find metabolites associated with the presence of fibrostenosis in patients with CD using targeted and untargeted metabolomics analyses of serum and primary cell cultures using hyphenated ultra-high performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry. Targeted metabolomics revealed 11 discriminating metabolites in serum, which were enriched within the arginine and proline metabolism pathway. Based on untargeted metabolomics and discriminant analysis, 166 components showed a high predictive value. In addition, human intestinal fibroblasts isolated from stenotic tissue were characterized by differential levels of medium-chain dicarboxylic acids, which are proposed as an energy source through beta-oxidation, when oxidative phosphorylation is insufficient. Another energy providing pathway in such situations is anaerobic glycolysis, a theory supported by increased expression of hexokinase 2 and solute carrier family 16 member 1 in stenotic fibroblasts. Of interest, four (unannotated) metabolic components showed a negative correlation with hexokinase 2 gene expression. Together, this study provides a discriminative metabolic fingerprint in the serum and in intestinal fibroblasts of stenotic and non-stenotic patients with CD suggestive for increased production of building blocks for collagen synthesis and increased glycolysis.
Breamy: An augmented reality mHealth prototype for surgical decision‐making in breast cancer
Authors: Najafi Niki , Addie Miranda , Meterissian Sarkis , Kersten‐Oertel Marta 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBreast cancer is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer, affecting approximately one in eight women during their lifetime. Deciding on breast cancer treatment, which includes the choice between surgical options, frequently demands prompt decision‐making within an 8‐week timeframe. However, many women lack the necessary knowledge and preparation for making informed decisions. Anxiety and unsatisfactory outcomes can result from inadequate decision‐making processes, leading to decisional regret and revision surgeries. Shared decision‐making and personalized decision aids have shown positive effects on patient satisfaction and treatment outcomes. Here, Breamy, a prototype mobile health application that utilizes augmented reality technology to assist breast cancer patients in making more informed decisions is introduced. Breamy provides 3D visualizations of different surgical procedures, aiming to improve confidence in surgical decision‐making, reduce decisional regret, and enhance patient well‐being after surgery. To determine the perception of the usefulness of Breamy, data was collected from 166 participants through an online survey. The results suggest that Breamy has the potential to reduce patients' anxiety levels and assist them in decision‐making.
Seamless Integration of Computer-Adaptive Patient Reported Outcomes into an Electronic Health Record
Authors: Nolla Kyle , Rasmussen Luke V. , Rothrock Nan E. , Butt Zeeshan , Bass Michael , Davis Kristina , Cella David , Gershon Richard , Barnard Cynthia , Chmiel Ryan , Almaraz Federico , Schachter Michael , Nelson Therese , Langer Michelle , Starren Justin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures have become an essential component of quality measurement, quality improvement, and capturing the voice of the patient in clinical care. In 2004, the National Institutes of Health endorsed the importance of PROs by initiating the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS), which leverages computer-adaptive tests (CATs) to reduce patient burden while maintaining measurement precision. Historically, PROMIS CATs have been used in a large number of research studies outside the electronic health record (EHR), but growing demand for clinical use of PROs requires creative information technology solutions for integration into the EHR.
Objectives This paper describes the introduction of PROMIS CATs into the Epic Systems EHR at a large academic medical center using a tight integration; we describe the process of creating a secure, automatic connection between the application programming interface (API) which scores and selects CAT items and Epic.
Methods The overarching strategy was to make CATs appear indistinguishable from conventional measures to clinical users, patients, and the EHR software itself. We implemented CATs in Epic without compromising patient data security by creating custom middleware software within the organization's existing middleware framework. This software communicated between the Assessment Center API for item selection and scoring and Epic for item presentation and results. The middleware software seamlessly administered CATs alongside fixed-length, conventional PROs while maintaining the display characteristics and functions of other Epic measures, including automatic display of PROMIS scores in the patient's chart. Pilot implementation revealed differing workflows for clinicians using the software.
Results The middleware software was adopted in 27 clinics across the hospital system. In the first 2 years of hospital-wide implementation, 793 providers collected 70,446 PROs from patients using this system.
Conclusion This project demonstrated the importance of regular communication across interdisciplinary teams in the design and development of clinical software. It also demonstrated that implementation relies on buy-in from clinical partners as they integrate new tools into their existing clinical workflow.
The Method of Combining Internal and External Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in Chinese Medicine
Authors: Dai Qian , Dai Chunyan , Han Jie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTraditional Chinese medicine (TCM) believes that the main pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis is spleen deficiency; damp heat in the large intestine as the symptom, the treatment must be warming, clearing, eliminating, tonifying, astringing concurrently. From the concept of combining holism and the local treatment in TCM, idea of combining internal and external treatment is adopted. That is, the external treatment follows the therapeutic principle of using herbs with a bitter and cold nature to eliminate stagnation, and the seven carbon decoction, which can clear heat and dampness, cool the blood, and stop dysentery, is used as a rectal drip to retain the enema. Internal treatment follows the therapeutic principle of warmly tonifying and cultivating vital qi, with oral Chinese herbal medicine named Maodie Tang to strengthen the spleen and tonify the kidney, clearing heat and inducing dampness.
Endo-Hepatology: The Buzz Goes Much beyond Liver Biopsy—A Narrative Review
Authors: Puri Rajesh , Sharma Zubin , Dhampalwar Swapnil , Kathuria Abhishek , Sahu Bimal 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe word endo-hepatology evokes many perceptions. Some believe it to be the emerging new interventional branch and some believe it to be an extension of endoscopy. Nonetheless, it has continued to evolve into an exciting area of active work. With the advent of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) based procedures, new vistas have opened up. EUS-guided liver biopsies, portal hypertension management, and multiple new procedures are being described. EUS also plays a large role in the management of patients in the peritransplant period. With this review, we present an overview of the role of EUS in the field of hepatology as well as during the peritransplant period and its applications.
Impact of the Brink-Axel hypothesis on unique first-forbidden β-transitions for r-process nuclei*
Authors: Farooq Fakeha , Nabi Jameel-Un , Shehzadi Ramoona 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Key nuclear inputs for the astrophysical r-process simulations are the weak interaction rates. Consequently, the accuracy of these inputs directly affects the reliability of nucleosynthesis modeling. The majority of the stellar rates, used in simulation studies are calculated by invoking the Brink-Axel (BA) hypothesis. The BA hypothesis assumes that the strength functions of all parent excited states are the same as for the ground state, only shifted in energies. However, the BA hypothesis has to be tested against microscopically calculated state-by-state rates. In this project, we study the impact of the BA hypothesis on calculated stellar

-decay and electron capture rates. Our investigation include both unique first forbidden (U1F) and allowed transitions for 106 neutron-rich trans-iron nuclei ([27, 77] ≤ [Z, A] ≤ [82, 208]). The calculations were performed using the deformed proton-neutron quasiparticle random-phase approximation (pn-QRPA) model with a simple plus quadrupole separable and schematic interaction. Waiting-point and several key r-process nuclei lie within the considered mass region of the nuclear chart. We computed electron capture and

-decay rates using two different prescriptions for strength functions. One was based on invoking the BA hypothesis and the other was the state-by-state calculation of strength functions, under stellar density and temperature conditions ([10, 1] ≤ [

(

), T(

)] ≤ [1011, 30]). Our results show that the BA hypothesis invoked U1F

rates are overestimated by 4–5 orders of magnitude as compared to microscopic rates. For capture rates, more than two orders of magnitude differences were noted when applying the BA hypothesis. It was concluded that the BA hypothesis is not a reliable approximation, especially for

-decay forbidden transitions.
The Ponytail Lift: 22 Years of Experience in 600 Cases of Endoscopic Deep Plane Facial Rejuvenation
Authors: Kao Chia Chi , Duscher Dominik 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
During aging, the face loses volume with progressive sagging of the soft tissues, while the neck demonstrates skin laxity and muscle banding. The treatment of facial and neck aging usually involves a traditional facelift, which can cause noticeable scarring and distortion of anatomy.

Objectives
Modern facelift surgery must avoid such shortcomings and still address aging in all layers of the face. To achieve this goal a novel surgical technique was developed and coined the “ponytail lift” (PTL). When global facial rejuvenation is indicated, this procedure is combined with neck skin excision and referred to as the “ponytail facelift” (PTFL).

Methods
A retrospective analysis of 600 consecutive cases over 22 years (2000-2022) of facial rejuvenation employing the endoscopic techniques of PTL and PTFL was performed. Patients were followed for at least 12 months postoperatively. Demographics, surgical data, and complications were recorded and analyzed. Additionally, technical details of the PTL and PTFL are discussed.

Results
There were no instances of postoperative skin flap necrosis, and no permanent nerve injuries were recorded. An additional surgical touch-up procedure to address unsatisfied aesthetic needs was performed in 20 cases.

Conclusions
The ponytail procedures offer a stepwise approach matched to the extent of the problem and are intended to refresh or transform the face with minimal incisions. The procedures represent a deep plane facelift without the scar burden, with incisions that are hidden in the temple, postauricular, and posterior scalp. The described techniques are safe and effective while providing reliable and satisfying results.
Ignoring measurement errors in social networks
Authors: Lewbel Arthur , Qu Xi , Tang Xun 
Published: December 2023

Summary
We consider peer effect estimation in social network models where some network links are incorrectly measured. We show that if the number or magnitude of mismeasured links does not grow too quickly with the sample size, then standard instrumental variables estimators that ignore these measurement errors remain consistent, and standard asymptotic inference methods remain valid. These results hold even when the link measurement errors are correlated with regressors or with structural errors in the model. Simulations and real data experiments confirm our results in finite samples. These findings imply that researchers can ignore small numbers of mismeasured links in networks.
The Incidence Variety Compactification of Strata ofd-Differentials in Genus0
Authors: Nguyen Duc-Manh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGiven $d\in \mathbb {Z}_{\geq 2}$, for every $\kappa =(k_{1},\dots ,k_{n}) \in \mathbb {Z}^{n}$ such that $k_{i}\geq 1-d$ and $k_{1}+\dots +k_{n}=-2d$, denote by $\Omega ^{d}\mathcal {M}_{0,n}(\kappa )$ and $\mathbb {P}\Omega ^{d}\mathcal {M}_{0,n}(\kappa )$ the corresponding stratum of $d$-differentials in genus $0$ and its projectivization, respectively. We specify an ideal sheaf of the structure sheaf of $\overline {\mathcal {M}}_{0,n}$ and show that the incidence variety compactification $\mathbb {P}\overline {\Omega }^{d}\mathcal {M}_{0,n}(\kappa )$ of $\mathbb {P}\Omega ^{d}\mathcal {M}_{0,n}(\kappa )$ is isomorphic to the blow-up of $\overline {\mathcal {M}}_{0,n}$ along this sheaf of ideals. We also obtain an explicit divisor representative of the tautological line bundle on the incidence variety. In an accompanying work [22], the construction of $\mathbb {P}\overline {\Omega }^{d}\mathcal {M}_{0,n}(\kappa )$ in this paper will be used to prove a recursive formula computing the volumes of the spaces of flat metric with fixed conical angles on the sphere.