bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-occurrence of toxic epidermal necrolysis in a human immune deficiency virus infected person due to elthrombopag or ofloxacin – a rare occurrence
Authors: Chandraratne S.H. , Udagedara C. , Karunaratne Y.L.B. , Ekanayake C. 
Published: December 2023

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), a severe drug reaction which is more commonly seen in human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infected persons. It occurs commonly with anti-retroviral treatment and sulfonamides. TEN is reported previously with ofloxacin. But there are no reported cases of elthrombopag induced TEN. Early identification and withdrawal of the culprit will enhance rapid recovery and less mortality. Reporting the noted medications vulnerable for TEN will help medical personal in identifying the drug reaction and causative.
We are reporting a 45 years old male with HIV infection developed TEN with elthrombopag and ofloxacin. We identified skin tenderness of erythematous maculopapular lesions as an early identification feature for TEN before appearing typical mucosal lesions, dusky red necrotic skin patches or nikolsky sign.
The Cyclin D3 Protein Enforces Monogenic TCRβ Expression by Mediating TCRβ Protein–Signaled Feedback Inhibition of Vβ Recombination
Authors: Culberson Erica J , Shields Kymberle C , Glynn Rebecca A , Allyn Brittney M , Hayer Katharina E , Bassing Craig H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In jawed vertebrates, adaptive immunity depends on the process of V(D)J recombination creating vast numbers of T and B lymphocytes that each expresses unique Ag receptors of uniform specificity. The asynchronous initiation of V-to-(D)J rearrangement between alleles and the resulting protein from one allele signaling feedback inhibition of V recombination on the other allele ensures homogeneous receptor specificity of individual cells. Upon productive Vβ-to-DβJβ rearrangements in noncycling double-negative thymocytes, TCRβ protein signals induction of the cyclin D3 protein to accelerate cell cycle entry, thereby driving proliferative expansion of developing αβ T cells. Through undetermined mechanisms, the inactivation of cyclin D3 in mice causes an increased frequency of αβ T cells that express TCRβ proteins from both alleles, producing lymphocytes of heterogeneous specificities. To determine how cyclin D3 enforces monogenic TCRβ expression, we used our mouse lines with enhanced rearrangement of specific Vβ segments due to replacement of their poor-quality recombination signal sequence (RSS) DNA elements with a better RSS. We show that cyclin D3 inactivation in these mice elevates the frequencies of αβ T cells that display proteins from RSS-augmented Vβ segments on both alleles. By assaying mature αβ T cells, we find that cyclin D3 deficiency increases the levels of Vβ rearrangements that occur within developing thymocytes. Our data demonstrate that a component of the cell cycle machinery mediates TCRβ protein–signaled feedback inhibition in thymocytes to achieve monogenic TCRβ expression and resulting uniform specificity of individual αβ T cells.
Dynamic MAIT Cell Recovery after Severe COVID-19 Is Transient with Signs of Heterogeneous Functional Anomalies
Authors: Kammann Tobias , Gorin Jean-Baptiste , Parrot Tiphaine , Gao Yu , Ponzetta Andrea , Emgård Johanna , Maleki Kimia T , Sekine Takuya , Rivera-Ballesteros Olga ,   Karolinska COVID-19 Study Group, Gredmark-Russ Sara , Rooyackers Olav , Skagerberg Magdalena , Eriksson Lars I , Norrby-Teglund Anna , Mak Jeffrey Y W , Fairlie David P , Björkström Niklas K , Klingström Jonas , Ljunggren Hans-Gustaf , Aleman Soo , Buggert Marcus , Strålin Kristoffer , Sandberg Johan K 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are an abundant population of unconventional T cells in humans and play important roles in immune defense against microbial infections. Severe COVID-19 is associated with strong activation of MAIT cells and loss of these cells from circulation. In the present study, we investigated the capacity of MAIT cells to recover after severe COVID-19. In longitudinal paired analysis, MAIT cells initially rebounded numerically and phenotypically in most patients at 4 mo postrelease from the hospital. However, the rebounding MAIT cells displayed signs of persistent activation with elevated expression of CD69, CD38, and HLA-DR. Although MAIT cell function was restored in many patients, a subgroup displayed a predominantly PD-1high functionally impaired MAIT cell pool. This profile was associated with poor expression of IFN-γ and granzyme B in response to IL-12 + L-18 and low levels of polyfunctionality. Unexpectedly, although the overall T cell counts recovered, normalization of the MAIT cell pool failed at 9-mo follow-up, with a clear decline in MAIT cell numbers and a further increase in PD-1 levels. Together, these results indicate an initial transient period of inconsistent recovery of MAIT cells that is not sustained and eventually fails. Persisting MAIT cell impairment in previously hospitalized patients with COVID-19 may have consequences for antimicrobial immunity and inflammation and could potentially contribute to post-COVID-19 health problems.
Treble or Trouble: Mental Health Experiences of Gender-Diverse Collegiate Marching Band Artists
Authors: Uriegas Nancy A. , Winkelmann Zachary K. , Emerson Dawn M. , Moore Kenya , Portillo Breanna , Torres-McGehee Toni M. 
Published: December 2023

Context
For gender-diverse (GD) college marching band (MB) artists, the risks for anxiety and depression may be higher as they navigate the demands and stressors associated with MB, college, and their gender identity.

Objectives
To examine the risks of anxiety and depression across GD MB artists and to explore their barriers and attitudes toward seeking mental health (MH) care.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Online survey.

Patients or Other Participants
Seventy-eight GD individuals (transgender = 12, nonbinary = 66, age = 19 ± 1 years).

Main Outcome Measure(s)
A survey was used to assess demographics, anxiety risk using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, depression risk using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and barriers and attitudes using the Barriers Towards Seeking Help Checklist, the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form, and the Mental Help Seeking Attitudes Scale. We calculated descriptive statistics and univariate analyses to evaluate scores, risks, and differences between MH and receiving assistance.

Results
Participants had high state anxiety (mean = 52.0 ± 112.1), trait anxiety (mean = 55.2 ± 10.0), and symptoms of depression (mean = 30.4 ± 12.0) based on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Overall, 78.2% (n = 61 of 78) of GD MB artists were considered at risk for both state and trait anxiety and depression, and 18% (n = 11 of 61) did not seek help from an MH professional. These GD MB artists cited a lack of time (82.1%; n = 64 of 78) as the primary barrier to seeking professional help. The mean score on the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form for all GD artists was 19.5 ± 5.0, and the total score for the Mental Help Seeking Attitudes Scale was 47.8 ± 9.2, which indicated more favorable attitudes toward seeking professional help.

Conclusions
We identified high rates of clinical symptoms for depression and anxiety among GD MB artists. The data are consistent with those from other minority populations and above the normative values for cisgender students. The lack of help-seeking behaviors in nearly 15% of at-risk participants highlights the need for specialized resources for GD patients and those participating in MB.
Recent Advances in Lung Isolation Devices and Techniques
Authors: Parab Swapnil Y , Majety Sarat Chandra , Singhal Sanjoli 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The advancements in thoracic surgery have been complemented by innovations in lung isolation devices and techniques. The traditional double-lumen tube (DLT) has undergone modifications to reduce the dependence on flexible bronchoscope (e.g. VivaSight™ DLT) or to increase its adaptability in the deviated tracheobronchial tree (e.g. Silbroncho® DLT). Newer DLTs, like ECOM DLT, also helps in monitoring the cardiac output, whereas Ventibronc Anchor DLT reduces the chances of misplacements. Newer bronchial blockers like EZ blocker® have a unique design to facilitate its placement and ability to conduct alternate lung isolation. Lately, non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgeries have shown promising results in reducing airway trauma and postoperative morbidity. Despite these advances, the cost and availability of devices become the limiting factor for their widespread use. This narrative review describes the features of the newer lung isolation devices and presents the available evidence regarding their application in the field of thoracic anaesthesia.
Oral Health Status and Dental Treatment Needs among Children with and without Hearing Impairment in Hyderabad, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Koneti Laxmi Ramitha , Anitha C. T. 
Published: December 2023

Aim:
The study aimed to assess the oral health status and dental treatment needs of children with hearing impairment (CHI) and children without hearing impairment (HI).

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 110 CHI and 105 children without HI (13–18 years) in Hyderabad, India from February–March 2019. Two special schools (for CHI) and one government (regular) school were selected by purposive sampling. American Dental Association Type-4 dental examination was conducted at respective school premises and modified World Health Organization Oral Health Assessment form, 2013 was used to record the oral health findings. Chi-square test/Fisher’s exact test and Z-test were calculated at P < 0.05.

Results:
Prevalence of dental caries was 69% and 26% among CHI and children without HI, respectively (P < 0.001). Good oral hygiene, as determined by oral hygiene index scores, was merely 31.8% among CHI compared to 82.9% in children without HI. CHI in need of any dental treatment was higher at 89.1% compared to 43.8% of children without HI.

Conclusion:
The present study demonstrates that CHI has a higher prevalence of dental caries than children without HI in Hyderabad, India. This high prevalence of caries among CHI represents the unmet dental needs and neglect of their oral health care. Oral health promotion is the need of the hour to help nurture good oral health practices among children in general and CHI in particular.
To Assess the Knowledge, Perceptions, and Practice of Tobacco Use among Stone Crusher Workers of Jaipur City
Authors: Chaudhary Ankita , Solanki Jitender 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Despite various initiatives, tobacco is still the largest global epidemic. The prevalence of tobacco use among stone crusher workers is very high because of their working pattern and lack of knowledge regarding the harmful effects of tobacco consumption.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, perceptions, and practice of tobacco use among stone crusher workers of Jaipur city.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional community-based study was done on 250 stone crusher workers in and around Jaipur city selected by stratified cluster random sampling from 130 stone crusher plants in which each area was used as strata and stone crushers were selected randomly. They were assessed using predesigned and pretested questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS (19) statistical software.

Results:
Majority (98%) were tobacco users, out of which 68.40% consumed smokeless tobacco daily and 67.2% consumed smoke tobacco on a daily basis. Intention to quit the habit of tobacco among the stone crusher workers was 74.4%. Knowledge regarding health consequences of tobacco consumption among the workers was 42%, out of which 28% knew that tobacco causes heart attack and 22% knew regarding respiratory problems due to tobacco consumption. Opinion regarding introducing tobacco warning sign was found to be 34.4%.

Conclusions:
Tobacco use is an important public health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries like India workers in the stone crusher plant have a very high prevalence. Specific counseling and intervention programs are needed to reduce the burden of tobacco use-related morbidity among these workers.
Age, Reason, and Experiences Regarding the First Dental Visit among Children Belonging to Lucknow
Authors: Chowdhary Kritika , Saha Sonali , Sharma Anshul , Dhinsa Kavita , Sharma Prerna 
Published: December 2023

Background:
According to the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry guidelines, the first dental visit of a child is within 6 months of age. The need of such early visits is to help dentists to detect and treat incipient lesions, to educate parents about proper oral hygiene maintenance and the importance of diet and fluorides. Moreover, the visit helps the child to understand and adapt to the dental setup, thereby showing a positive dental attitude in future visits.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to find out the age at which children receive dental care for the first time and the reasons for such dental visits.

Subjects and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, wherein a questionnaire was provided to the parents of pediatric patients attending the outpatient department for their first dental visit, which included the sociodemographic details along with the questions related to their first dental visit, reason, and experiences regarding their visit.

Results:
On average, children reported for their first dental visit only after 5 years of age for the complaints such as pain and dental caries. Thus, indicating oral health education and preventive treatment program are yet to reach the general population.

Conclusion:
From the present study, it was evident that necessary awareness regarding the first dental visit is very low, with the subjects approaching the dentist after the establishment of ill oral health, thus demanding interception rather than prevention of diseases.
The Comparison of Soluble P-selectin, Anti-platelet Factor 4, and Platelet Maximum Aggregation Levels among Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients
Authors: Rachman Andhika , Reztaputra Rahmanu , Susilo Adityo , Nugroho Pringgodigdo , Betsy Rachelle , Juanputra Samuel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to have an enormous and extensive effect on global health, causing widespread devastation. Patients who have recovered from COVID-19 have an increased risk of thromboembolic disease. We suggest that soluble P-selectin and anti-platelet factor 4 (anti-PF4) plays a significant role in platelet activation, ultimately resulting in thrombosis. The purpose of this study is to compare the role of soluble P-selectin, anti-PF4, and platelet maximal aggregation levels in COVID-19 patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among COVID-19 patients who were admitted to the hospital between October 2021 and January 2022.

RESULTS:
From 160 individuals, we found that a number of individuals with older age (P = 0.014) and lower hemoglobin levels (P = 0.042) were significantly higher in the severe COVID-19 group compared to the nonsevere COVID-19 group. Remarkably, soluble P-selectin levels in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 were found to be significantly higher than the severe group, with statistical significance (P = 0.02). However, there was no significant difference in anti-PF4 levels between severe and nonsevere COVID-19 groups. Furthermore, platelet maximum aggregation was also significantly higher in the severe COVID-19 group than in the mild-to-moderate COVID-19 group by using 2.5 μM (P = 0.024), 5 μM (P = 0.026), and 10 mM adenosine-diphosphate (P = 0.02).

CONCLUSION:
Soluble P-selectin, an indicator of platelet activation, was shown to be significantly higher in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 group than the severe COVID-19 group. The maximum aggregation of platelets was also observed to be significantly greater in the severe COVID-19 group.
Reactive Case Detection and Treatment and Reactive Drug Administration for Reducing Malaria Transmission: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Steinhardt Laura C. , KC Achyut , Tiffany Amanda , Quincer Elizabeth M. , Loerinc Leah , Laramee Nicolas , Large Amy , Lindblade Kim A. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT.
Many countries pursuing malaria elimination implement “reactive” strategies targeting household members and neighbors of index cases to reduce transmission. These strategies include reactive case detection and treatment (RACDT; testing and treating those positive) and reactive drug administration (RDA; providing antimalarials without testing). We conducted systematic reviews of RACDT and RDA to assess their effect on reducing malaria transmission and gathered evidence about key contextual factors important to their implementation. Two reviewers screened titles/abstracts and full-text records using defined criteria (Patient = those in malaria-endemic/receptive areas; Intervention = RACDT or RDA; Comparison = standard of care; Outcome = malaria incidence/prevalence) and abstracted data for meta-analyses. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations approach was used to rate certainty of evidence (CoE) for each outcome. Of 1,460 records screened, reviewers identified five RACDT studies (three cluster-randomized controlled trials [cRCTs] and two nonrandomized studies [NRS]) and seven RDA studies (six cRCTs and one NRS); three cRCTs comparing RDA to RACDT were included in both reviews. Compared with RDA, RACDT was associated with nonsignificantly higher parasite prevalence (odds ratio [OR] = 1.85; 95% CI: 0.96–3.57; one study) and malaria incidence (rate ratio [RR] = 1.30; 95% CI: 0.94–1.79; three studies), both very low CoE. Compared with control or RACDT, RDA was associated with non-significantly lower parasite incidence (RR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.36–1.47; 2 studies, moderate CoE), prevalence (OR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.52–1.17; 4 studies, low CoE), and malaria incidence (RR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.82–1.05; six studies, moderate CoE). Evidence for reactive strategies’ impact on malaria transmission is limited, especially for RACDT, but suggests RDA might be more effective.
Mass Drug Administration to Reduce Malaria Transmission: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Schneider Zachary D. , Shah Monica P. , Boily Marisa C. , Busbee Alexandra L. , Hwang Jimee , Lindblade Kim A. , Gutman Julie R. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT.
Malaria remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, even in low-transmission settings. With the advent of longer acting, more effective, and well-tolerated antimalarials, there is renewed interest in the efficacy of mass drug administration (MDA) to accelerate to elimination. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of MDA to reduce the incidence and prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) and Plasmodium vivax (Pv) infection. From 1,044 articles screened, 14 articles, including 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), were identified. Five included data on Pf only; five included Pf and Pv. Two of the Pf studies were conducted in areas of high–moderate transmission, the remainder were in areas of low–very low transmission. In higher transmission areas, MDA reduced incidence of Pf parasitemia (rate ratio = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.40–0.92; moderate certainty) 1 to 3 months after drug administration; no significant effect of MDA on Pf parasitemia prevalence was detected 1 to 3 months post-MDA (risk ratio [RR] = 1.76, 95% CI: 0.58–5.36; low certainty). In lower transmission settings, both incidence and prevalence of Pf parasitemia were reduced 1 to 3 months post-MDA (rate ratio = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.21–0.66; RR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.15–0.41, respectively). Pv prevalence was reduced 1 to 3 months post-MDA (RR = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.10–0.24); there were no RCTs providing data on incidence of Pv. There was no significant effect of MDA at later time points. MDA may have short-term benefits; however, there was no evidence for longer term impact, although none of the trials assessed prolonged interventions.
PELATIHAN SDM PARIWISATA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA HUTATINGGI DAN SITUNGKIR
Authors: Febriana  , Dinar Sukma Pramesti  
Published: December 2023

Salah satu program Kementerian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif dalam memaksimalkan sumber daya manusia di desa wisata adalah dengan mengadakan program pelatihan pengembangan inovasi produk wisata. Hal ini kemudian dituangkan dalam kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat yang wajib dilakukan oleh dosen. Tujuan kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah meningkatkan kesiapan dan kapasitas Sumber Daya Manusia pariwisata khususnya di Desa Wisata. Pelatihan dilakukan dengan memberikan 4 modul materi kepada peserta diantaranya, modul sustainable tourism, modul exploring, modul packaging dan modul presentation. Pelatihan dilakukan dalam 5 hari secara berturut-turut dengan peserta dari dua desa wisata yaitu dari desa wisata Hutatinggi dan Situngkir. Melalui pelatihan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesiapan dan kapasitas sumber daya manusia desa wisata sehingga mampu membawa Desa Wisata Situngkir dan Huta Tinggi menjadi desa wisata yang siap bersaing dan penuh inovasi.
ÇUVAŞ KAHRAMANLIK ANLATILARININ SCHWARTZ’IN DEĞER SINIFLANDIRMASINA GÖRE DEĞER AKTARIMI BAKIMINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÖDEN Utku Mehmet 
Published: December 2023

Yakın tarihimizde Sovyetler Birliği’nin dağılması ve demir perdenin ortadan kalkması araştırmacılara yeni imkânlar sunmuş, Türk folklorunun çalışma alanına giren Türk Dünyası destancılık geleneği çerçevesinde yapılan çalışmalar sayesinde destan türünün tanımı açısından da farklı görüşler öne sürülmüştür. Türkiye dışında yaşayan Türk topluluklarının folklor malzemeleri Türk bilim insanları tarafından da derlenerek incelenme imkanı bulmuş ve bu geleneğin bütüncül olarak değerlendirilmesine imkân sağlayan gelişmeler sayesinde elde edilen malzemeler farklı disiplin, kuram, yöntem ve tekniklerle incelenmeye başlamıştır.
Destan türü gerek metin gerekse de bağlam merkezli yaklaşımlarla ele alınsın, destanın oluştuğu ve icra edildiği ortam ve zamanın sadece tarih, kültür ve coğrafya gibi unsurlara tanıklık etmesine vurgu yapmak yapılan değerlendirmeleri eksik bırakacaktır. Destanların oluştuğu ve icra edildiği zaman ve mekan göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, bu tür aynı zamanda örgün eğitimin gerçekleşmediği veya kısıtlı kaldığı toplumlarda toplumlaşmayı sağlayan, eğitim işlevini üzerinde taşıyan bir kültürlenme aracı olarak da değerlendirilmelidir. İşlevsel bir bakış açısıyla değerlendirilecek olursa destan metinlerinin ve destan anlatma geleneğinin değer aktarımı açısından da önemli bir yerde olduğunu, bu minvalde yapılan çalışmalar için zengin malzemeler barındırdığını söylemek gerekir.
Değerler ile ilgili olarak sosyoloji disiplini dahilinde çalışmalar yaparak kendi kuramını ortaya koyan Shalom H. Schwartz’ın değer sınıflandırması ve değer kuramı, dünyanın pek çok yerinde farklı toplulukların değerlerini, değer önceliklerini ortaya koyabilmek maksadıyla disiplinin kendi yöntem ve teknikleri kullanılarak uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca Türk edebiyatı metinlerinin değerler bakımından incelenmesine imkân sağlayan bu kuram ve değerler sınıflandırmasından edebi metinlerde aktarılan değerleri tespit etmek ve bu değerlerin önceliklerini belirlemek için birçok araştırmacı istifade etmiştir.
Bu çalışmada, Çuvaş Türklerinin Kahramanlık anlatılarında yer alan değerler Schwartz’ın değer kuramı ve değer sınıflandırmasına göre incelenmiş, elde edilen bulgular Çuvaş sahasının dışında kalan destanlarda yer alan değerler de göz önünde bulundurularak değerlendirilmiştir.