bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Vulnerability of Paddy Cultivation to Impacts of Climate Change in Anuradhapura District in North Central Province, Sri Lanka
Authors: Nawarathne, N.M.H.C.  , Ranasinghe, D.M.S.H.K.  , Piyasena, N.M.P.M.  
Published: February 2024

Anuradhapura District in Sri Lanka heavily relies on paddy cultivation and plays a significant role in the country's paddy production. Given the grave threat posed by climate change to paddy cultivation in this region, it is crucial to assess its vulnerability. This study aims to fill the gap in sub-national vulnerability assessments by determining the degree of vulnerability and mapping it in the district. A combination of secondary and primary data was employed in this study. Secondary data encompassed the analysis of average annual and monthly rainfall and temperature variations in Anuradhapura District from 2010 to 2020, as well as the occurrence of droughts and floods in the same period. Additionally, the study examined the variations in average annual paddy yield in Anuradhapura District from 2010 to 2020. For primary data collection, Climate Change Vulnerability Indices (CCVI) were employed, which included indicators, exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Under the exposure indicator, climate exposure, biophysical exposure, and biological exposure were considered. Sensitivity was assessed through social, financial, and farm sensitivity sub-indicators, while adaptive capacity was evaluated using socio-economic, agricultural, and institutional capacity sub-indicators. The field sampling focused on divisions with significant paddy lands that depend on minor irrigation and rainfed cultivation, such as Thirappane and Kahatagasdigiliya. Nuwaragam Palatha Central which had fewer paddy lands and a population engaged in non-paddy-related activities, was used as a control. Two Grama Niladhari (GN) divisions from each selected Divisional Secretariat (DS) division were randomly chosen for detailed sampling. In each GN division, 50 families were randomly selected to participate in semi- structured questionnaire surveys supplemented with focus group discussions and key informant surveys. The collected data were used to create a vulnerability map for Anuradhapura District through GIS analysis. The study results revealed that the annual rainfall showed a decrease from 2010 to 2020. Other parameters did not show significant variation. In terms of vulnerability, Kahatagasdigiliya DSD exhibited the highest vulnerability followed by Thirappane DSD. The lowest vulnerability was observed in Nuwara Gampalatha Centre DSD.

Keywords: Climate change, Paddy cultivation, Adaptation measures, Vulnerability assessment, Anuradhapura
Soil Actinomycetes as Promising Alternative to Synthetic Herbicides
Authors: Rangika, W.C.  , Gunasekara, R.D.A.  , Masakorala, K.  , Yapa, Y.M.A.L.W.  , Walpita, J.K.  , Gamage, W.S.M.K.  
Published: February 2024

Weed management is a key agronomic practice in agriculture. Since decades, synthetic herbicides played an indispensable role in weed control due to high effectiveness. However, recently there has been growing interest on exploring alternative weed control methods due to negative impacts of synthetic herbicides on the environment. Besides, there is an increasing demand for organic farm products. Actinomycetes, a group of filamentous, Gram-positive bacteria known for their bioactive secondary metabolites, have emerged as potential candidates for bioherbicides. In this study, we investigated herbicidal potential of twenty-three morphologically distinct actinomycetes strains isolated from soil using lettuce (Lactuca sativa) as a model plant. Eight weeks-old cell-free culture fermentation broth of actinomycetes strains were used for screening the effect on seed germination and seedling growth. Lettuce seeds were exposed to fermentation broth for two weeks while for control, sterilized distilled water was used. Ten seeds per treatment in three replicates were used. The results showed that sixteen actinomycetes strains, ACM25, 26, 29, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 41, 42, 43, 47, 48, 49.1 and 49.2 and ACM50 were able to completely inhibit seed germination while seeds treated with ACM32 did not produce roots although seed germination had initiated. It appears that these seventeen strains would be effective at pre-emergence weed control. Seeds that treated with the rest of the six strains had no effect on the seed germination. However, seedlings of ACM24, 45 and ACM46-treated seeds showed deaths by two weeks. Their gradual death started with discoloration of leaves followed by watery rotting of the entire plant. Seedlings of ACM30, 31, 37- treated seeds survived, and their growth performance were observed for two weeks compared to the control. Seedlings were dwarf and exhibited growth deformations such as reduced leaf size, chlorosis, leaf curling and stunted roots. Further, number of leaves, shoot length and root length were significantly different (p<0.05) from that of the control. These observations suggest that the effect of ACM24, 30, 31, 37, 45 and ACM46 would be systemic. In conclusion, our results clearly showed strong herbicidal effects of all tested twenty-three strains of actinomycetes at pre- and post- emergence stages of seed germination. Thus, they can be promising candidates for bioherbicide formulations.

Keywords: Actinomycetes, Bioherbicides, Weed management, Sustainable agriculture
Enhancing Sustainability and Performance of Pineapple Leaf Fibres in Textile Applications: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Dissanayake, T.W.M.I.I.  , Samarasinghe, S.A.S.C  
Published: February 2024

The utilization of pineapple leaves (Ananas comosus) has gained significant momentum as a source of value-added products, owing to the myriad benefits offered by Pineapple Leaf Fibres (PALF). PALF presents a range of advantages, including its contribution to a greener environment and sustainability. PALF production plays a pivotal role in reducing environmental pollution and minimizing waste. Moreover, PALF stands out due to its availability, remarkable thermal and acoustic insulation properties, cost-effectiveness, and exceptional tensile strength. Further, the extraction of PALF can be accomplished manually or mechanically, and various methods have been explored to enhance its compatibility with textile applications. In this context, extensive research has been carried out to modify PALF for its application in the textile industry. Researchers have primarily focused on surface modifications. These modifications encompass chemical treatments, physicochemical treatments, physical treatments, and thermal treatments. All of these contribute to improved interfacial adhesion and enhanced physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of PALF. Additionally, investigations into bleaching and dyeing of PALF have led to achieving superior whiteness and the ability to impart various colours to the fibres. PALF fibres exhibit remarkable qualities, including excellent sweat absorption, breathability, durability, and notable air and water permeability. These attributes make PALF a sought-after material for creating blended fabrics in conjunction with other polymers, such as polyester and wool, enhancing the performance of resulting textiles. The versatility of PALF enable its integration into an extensive range of textile products, underscoring its significance in the industry. This review also explores innovative approaches, such as blending PALF with jute, resulting in the creation of home textiles and carpets, while simultaneously improving the quality of blended yarns. Furthermore, within the textile industry, PALF fibres find diverse applications in the production of an array of products. This involves the crafting of wedding dresses, casual attire, and formal garments. It also includes the manufacturing of table linens, mats, bags, shoes, belts, cords, transmission cloths, airbag tying cords, and carpets. This comprehensive review delves into the wealth of research conducted on PALF modifications, shedding light on the potential of PALF as a sustainable and high- performance material in the textile industry, contributing to further eco-friendly and innovative future.

Keywords: Pineapple Leaf Fibres (PALF), Textile Industry, Sustainability, Greener environment
Biochar Derived from Pond Apple (Annona glabra) as a Fertilizer to Enhance the Crop Yield: A Sustainable Approach
Authors: Ravishani, B.P.R.  , Jayathilake, K.M.P.I.  , Manage, P.M.  , Idroos, F.S.  
Published: February 2024

The intensive use of inorganic fertilizers causes many economic, ecological, and social issues around the world. In the search to discover an effective fertilizer, biochar has been in the spotlight in recent years. Hence, the present study was focused on utilizing biochar derived from pond apple (Annona glabra), which is an aquatic invasive plant as a fertilizer without harming the environment. A pot experiment was carried out to determine the effects of biochar on plant growth. Biochar was applied to soil and growth differences were identified by comparing it with the control. Banana pepper (Capsicum annum) was selected as the experimental plant. Plant growth parameters (seed germination percentage, growth rate, root length, and number of leaves) were measured to determine the effects of biochar on plant growth. In each pot, 5 seeds of C. annum were sowed and examined for 14 days to get the germinate percentages. The other plant growth parameters were recorded after 45 days. Biochar treated with soil showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in average growth rate (14.46±6.67%), root lengths (4.94±0.27 cm), and number of leaves (5.83±0.76) in comparison to the control while seed germination percentages were kept as same value. An optimizing process was carried out by increasing the amount of biochar (5%, 7%, 10% by weight) to determine the ideal amount of biochar on plant growth. Considering the average growth rate, the best result (21.43±1.01%) was shown in pot treated with 7% biochar by weight. Henceforth, the utilization of biochar derived from A. glabra as a fertilizer is an effective approach to enhance crop yield while limiting the spread of these invasive aquatic plants in a sustainable and eco-friendly manner. As a result, the current study has suggested a green, sustainable strategy for the efficient use of aquatic invasive plants.

Keywords: Biochar, Fertilizers, Plant growth, Aquatic invasive plant
Along the twilights of care
Authors: Drotbohm Heike 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article explores central dimensions of different forms of asymmetric care that fall between the competences of overlapping civil society organizations. Based on anthropological fieldwork conducted in São Paulo, Brazil, the article follows migrants arriving and integrating across different nodes of reception, including church-based NGOs, humanitarian organizations, and activist housing projects. Overlaps between these different forms of reception, care, and control do not arise only when migrants refer to different organizational structures. Instead, numerous formal and organizational similarities complicate a clear separation of these domains of asymmetric care. By concentrating on incidents when the encounters between migrant activists and Brazilian activists are disturbed, this article traces the mutual irritation of differently positioned actors, who calibrate their moral claims and produce new understandings of “worthiness.”
Care as political revolution?
Authors: Ticktin Miriam 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This afterword discusses the three articles in the theme section “Affective regimes of care beyond humanitarian crisis,” suggesting that they offer us important ethnographies that each pry open and reevaluate the nature of care, including its political potential. Building on how these alternative forms shift the meaning and practice of care, but focusing on the one structuring hierarchy of humanitarianism left intact—racism—I end by briefly discussing the more radical politics of care being articulated by The Movement for Black Lives (M4BL) to show how politics and care are being combined to create revolutionary political platforms.
Lossless compression-based detection of osteoporosis using bone X-ray imaging
Authors: Alshamrani Khalaf , Alshamrani Hassan A. 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: Digital X-ray imaging is essential for diagnosing osteoporosis, but distinguishing affected patients from healthy individuals using these images remains challenging. OBJECTIVE: This study introduces a novel method using deep learning to improve osteoporosis diagnosis from bone X-ray images. METHODS: A dataset of bone X-ray images was analyzed using a newly proposed procedure. This procedure involves segregating the images into regions of interest (ROI) and non-ROI, thereby reducing data redundancy. The images were then processed to enhance both spatial and statistical features. For classification, a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier was employed to distinguish between osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic cases. RESULTS: The proposed method demonstrated a promising Area under the Curve (AUC) of 90.8% in diagnosing osteoporosis, benchmarking favorably against existing techniques. This signifies a high level of accuracy in distinguishing osteoporosis patients from healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed method effectively distinguishes between osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic cases using bone X-ray images. By enhancing image features and employing SVM classification, the technique offers a promising tool for efficient and accurate osteoporosis diagnosis.
IMPROVING SCIENCE LEARNING OUTCOMES USING SNAKES AND LADDERS GAME MEDIA IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS / PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA PERMAINAN ULAR TANGGA DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Ulfa Mariya , Nadhif Moh. , Salamah Umi 
Published: February 2024

Madrasah Ibtidaiyah merupakan awal perjalanan bagi peserta didik untuk memanfaatkan ilmu yang di dapat agar bermakna bagi kehidupannya. Pada kurikulum 2013 materi IPA hanya diberikan kepada jenjang kelas tinggi saja. IPA singkatan dari Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam merupakan kumpulan pengetahuan tentang gejala alam. IPA sering dianggap sebagai mata pelajaran paling sulit. Hal ini terlihat pada peserta didik kelas IV MI Al Fattah Malang. Dari hasil belajar IPA pada akhir semester I masih banyak yang belum mencapai nilai kriteria ketuntasan minimal (KKM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar awal peserta didik, pelaksanaan pembelajaran IPA menggunakan media permainan ular tangga dan hasil belajar akhir peserta didik setelah menggunakan media permainan ular tangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari 2 siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari 2 pertemuan. Setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, refleksi, perbaikan rencana. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh tiga simpulan berikut: hasil belajar awal peserta didik banyak mengalami ketidak tuntasan, penggunaan media permainan ular tangga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA, dan hasil belajar peserta didik dapat meningkat melalui penggunaan media permainan ular tangga. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan prosentase ketuntasan hasil belajar peserta didik sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan media permainan ular tangga yaitu dari 9,1% meningkat menjadi 81,82%.
Analisis Medication Error pada Peresepan Manual dan Peresepan Elektronik Fase Prescribing di RSU ST Madyang Palopo
Authors: T Roscita Enjel , Mursyid Murni , Samsi Al Syahril 
Published: February 2024

Medication error merupakan suatu kegagalan dan kesalahan medis yang berpotensi merugikan pasien dalam proses pengobatan. Kesalahan dalam pengobatan ini dapat menimbulkan efek yang merugikan dan berpotensi menimbulkan resiko fatal terhadap suatu penyakit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan tingkat kejadian medication error fase prescribing pada resep manual dan resep elektronik di Rsu St, Madyang Palopo. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan metode random sampling dimana data disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dari hasil pengolahan data, kemudian dihitung persentase tingkat prescribing error pada resep manual dan resep elektronik. Hasil dari Tingkat prescribing error pada resep manual 58,78% dan tingkat prescribing error pada resep elektronik 8,4% menunjukkan bahwa tingkat prescribing error pada resep manual lebih tinggi dari pada tingkat prescribing error pada resep elektronik.
Hubungan Dukungan Suami Terhadap Keikutsertaan Ibu Hamil Mengikuti Kelas Ibu Hamil di Kelurahan Petuk Ketimpun Palangka Raya
Authors: Yulita Chrisdianti , Delyka Merry 
Published: February 2024

Latar Belakang: Kurangnya partisipasi ibu hamil serta dukungan dari suami untuk mengikuti kelas ibu hamil dapat menyebabkan keterlambatan ibu dalam mengenali suatu masalah yang terjadi pada ibu hamil serta membuat keterlambatan dalam mengambil keputusan jika terjadi sesuatu. Kelas ibu hamil menjadi salah satu upaya percepatan penurunan AKI dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan ibu hamil. Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan antara dukungan suami terhadap keikutsertaan ibu hamil mengikuti kelas ibu hamil di Kelurahan Petuk Ketimpun Palangka Raya
Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling dengan jumlah responden 38 responden ibu hamil. Data primer dengan instrumen kuesioner. Analisis data dengan uji chi square (p=0,05). Hasil: Karakteristik responden berdasarkan umur mayoritas 20-35 tahun, dengan tingkat pendidikan SD, status ibu tidak bekerja, serta paritas multipara. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara dukungan suami dengan keikutsertaan ibu hamil mengikuti kelas ibu hamil. Ibu hamil yang didukung suami memiliki kemungkinan untuk mengikuti kelas ibu hamil 6,22 kali lebih besar daripada tidak didukung (OR=6,22; p=0,013). Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan antara dukungan suami terhadap keikutsertaan ibu hamil mengikuti kelas ibu hamil, ibu yang suaminya mendukung memiliki peluang untuk berpartisipasi 6,22 kali lebih besar dibandingkan ibu yang tidak mendapatkan dukungan suami. Maka perlu peningkatan peran serta suami oleh tenaga kesehatan dalam upaya mengikuti kelas ibu hamil.
„Beszélgetések a szakképzésről”
Authors: Schindler Rózsa 
Published: February 2024

A Magyar Pedagógiai Társaság Szakképzési Kollégiuma 2021 óta kéthavonta rendszeresen szervezi a „Beszélgetések a szakképzésről” című programsorozatát, melynek deklarált célja, hogy az elmúlt években lezajlott, az oktatási kormányzat szakképzésben bevezetett radikális változásaihoz/változtatásainak megismeréséhez a szakmai közösségek által birtokolt, a szakképzési rendszer működését markánsan befolyásoló szakmai területre kiterjedő tapasztalati tudásának megosztásával hozzájáruljon. Ezért a szakképzés jelenlegi rendszerét meghatározó legfontosabb elemekről témablokkokba rendezve kívánjuk az elméletet és az azt megvalósító gyakorlatot elemezni, körül járni a cél érdekében, azaz hogy a szélesebb szakmai közvélemény tájékoztatásához és aktivizálásához hozzájáruljon, információt közvetítsen a szakképzés/felnőttképzés valamint ezek felsőoktatást is érintő helyzetéről, eszmét cseréljen a szakma iránt elkötelezettséget érző szakemberekkel az aktuális szakmapedagógiai kérdésekről.
Active Displacement Control of Pantograph-catenary System for a Half-body Railway Model
Authors: Ibrahim Munaliza , Abdullah Mohd Azman , Harun Mohd Hanif , Mohamed Jamil Fathiah , Ahmad Fauzi 
Published: February 2024

The pantograph is an essential component that provides electrical contact between the overhead wires and the electric train. The quality of the current collection in high-speed trains is directly influenced by the mechanical interaction between the pantograph collector head and the overhead contact line. To overcome these challenges and improve pantograph performance, researchers and engineers have explored innovative solutions, including the introduction of active control mechanisms. Excitation by the vehicle is one of the normal disturbances in the dynamic interaction of the pantograph and the overhead line. The vertical effects of vehicle-track vibrations on the interaction between the pantograph and the overhead contact line have not yet been adequately researched. To fill this research gap, this study establishes models for both the pantograph-catenary interaction and the vehicle-track system. In this study, the performance of the modified Skyhook-Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller was investigated for a half-body of a railway pantograph-catenary system. Track irregularities such as step, sine, and random were applied to perturb the suspension system. The performance of both passive and active systems was investigated by considering the track irregularities as a basis. The root mean square analysis (RMS) found that active displacement control of pantograph-catenary systems for a half-body railway model equipped with modified Skyhook-PID controllers performed better than the passive systems. In summary, the future experimental approach for active half-body railway model could incorporate this simple modification of the Skyhook-PID controller.
Magnetic resonance imaging of mesenchymal stem cell – migration towards glioblastoma using a nano-calcium phosphate contrast agent
Authors: Anna Ida M , Gowd Genekehal Siddaramana , Ashokan Anusha , Manohar Maneesh , Nair Shantikumar V , Bhakoo Kishore , Koyakutty Manzoor 
Published: February 2024

<img src=” https://s3.amazonaws.com/production.scholastica/article/94159/large/prnano_1162024gasm.jpg?1710798321”> Tracking stem cell homing to the brain, their infiltration and brain tissue distribution, are critical for evaluating the efficacy of stem cell-based anti-glioma therapy. Here, we report the use of a biomineral magnetic nano-contrast agent, Fe-doped calcium phosphate nanoparticles (nCP:Fe), to label mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and track their migration towards brain tumor using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). nCP:Fe labelled MSCs implanted intra-ventricularly in a rat C6-glioma model showed longitudinal migration towards tumor-region over 14 days, detected as hypointense signals in T2/T2* weighted-MR images, which was confirmed ex vivo using histological staining. Although, a small fraction of implanted MSCs migrated to the tumor-site, the study demonstrates that, MRI tracking of stem cells using nCP:Fe nano-contrast agent will facilitate better assessment of the efficacy of stem cell-guided anti-tumor therapy.