bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accurate diagnosis and treatment of sacral meningeal cysts without spinal nerve root fibres: identifying leakage orificium using high-resolution spherical arbitrary-dimensional reconstructing magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Yang Chenlong , Lou Xiaohui , Huang Lina , Ma Qianquan , Yin Xiaoliang , Zhao Qiang , Wu Chao , Wu Haibo , Sun Jianjun 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop an arbitrary-dimensional nerve root reconstruction magnetic resonance imaging (ANRR-MRI) technique for identifying the leakage orificium of sacral meningeal cysts (SMCs) without spinal nerve root fibres (SNRFs).MethodsThis prospective study enrolled 40 consecutive patients with SMCs without SNRFs between March 2021 and March 2022. Magnetic resonance neural reconstruction sequences were performed for preoperative evaluation. The cyst and the cyst-dura intersection planes were initially identified based on the original thin-slice axial T2-weighted images. Sagittal and coronal images were then reconstructed by setting each intersecting plane as the centre. Then, three-dimensional reconstruction was performed, focusing on the suspected leakage point of the cyst. Based on the identified leakage location and size of the SMC, individual surgical plans were formulated.ResultsThis cohort included 30 females and 10 males, with an average age of 42.6 ± 12.2 years (range, 17–66 years). The leakage orificium was located at the rostral pole of the cyst in 23 patients, at the body region of the cyst in 12 patients, and at the caudal pole in 5 patients. The maximum diameter of the cysts ranged from 2 cm to 11 cm (average, 5.2 ± 1.9 cm). The leakage orificium was clearly identified in all patients and was ligated microscopically through a 4 cm minimally invasive incision. Postoperative imaging showed that the cysts had disappeared.ConclusionANRR-MRI is an accurate and efficient approach for identifying leakage orificium, facilitating the precise diagnosis and surgical treatment of SMCs without SNRFs.
Exploring the causal factor effects of hypothyroidism on ischemic stroke: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Tian Yi , Shi Xiao Qin , Shui Jing Wen , Liu Xiao Yu , Bu Ya , Liu Yi , Yin Li Ping 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundObservational studies have suggested a possible association between hypothyroidism and increased risk of ischemic stroke. However, a causal relationship remains unclear.MethodsData on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with hypothyroidism and ischemic stroke were sourced from the FinnGens database and the UK Biobank of European descent. Both databases underwent separate two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. A subsequent meta-analysis of MR results using a random-effects model was conducted to determine the causal relationship between hypothyroidism and ischemic stroke.ResultsAll five analyses indicated a positive causal relationship between hypothyroidism and ischemic stroke. MR analysis of the association between hypothyroidism and ischemic stroke yielded a result of the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method at 4.7411 (1.3598–16.5308), p = 0.0146. The analysis of ischemic stroke (without excluding controls) yielded a result of the IVW method of 4.5713 (1.3570–15.3986), p = 0.0142. MR analysis with cerebral infarction yielded a result of the IVW method at 1.0110 (1.0006–1.0215), p = 0.0373. The MR analysis with cerebrovascular disease sequelae yielded an IVW method result of 2.4556 (1.0291–5.8595), p = 0.0429. Analysis for the sequelae of cerebrovascular disease (without excluding controls) yielded an IVW method result of 2.4217 (1.0217–5.7402), p = 0.0446. No evidence of heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was found. The meta-analysis of the five MR results was 2.24 (1.18–4.26), p = 0.025.ConclusionOur two-sample Mendelian randomization study suggested a causal relationship between hypothyroidism and ischemic stroke, indicating that hypothyroidism could be a risk factor for ischemic stroke. However, further studies are required to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms.
Ultra-processed food consumption and metabolic disease risk: an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of observational studies
Authors: Lv Jia-Le , Wei Yi-Fan , Sun Jia-Nan , Shi Yu-Chen , Liu Fang-Hua , Sun Ming-Hui , Chang Qing , Wu Qi-Jun , Zhao Yu-Hong 
Published: January 2024

Background and aimsThere is an ongoing debate on whether to advocate reducing ultra-processed food (UPF) in dietary guidelines to control metabolic disease (such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM]). We aimed to summarize the evidence from systematic reviews with meta-analyses between UPF consumption and metabolic diseases risk, assess the credibility, and verify the robustness of these associations.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from their inception to July 15, 2023, to identify relevant systematic reviews with meta-analyses. We used the random-effects model to evaluate the summary effect size, along with 95% confidence interval and prediction interval. We also assessed heterogeneity, evidence of small-study effects and excess significance bias, and categorized the credibility of each association based on quantitative umbrella review criteria. Additionally, we conducted subgroup and sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of associations based on continents, study design, dietary assessment methods, definition methods of UPF, population, and units of UPF consumption.ResultsOverall, 6 systematic reviews with 13 meta-analyses were included. Three (23.08%) meta-analyses were classified as highly suggestive evidence for meeting the criteria that associations were significant at p &lt; 10−6, had more than 1,000 cases, and presented the largest study with significance at p &lt; 0.05. Among them, the highest UPF consumption quantile was associated with an increased risk of obesity (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.36–1.77) when compared with the lowest UPF consumption quantile. The highest UPF consumption quantile was associated with an increased risk of T2DM (RR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.23–1.59) when compared with the lowest UPF consumption quantile, and a 10% increase in UPF consumption (% g/d) was associated with an increased risk of T2DM (RR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.10–1.13). Meanwhile, the robustness of these associations was verified by a series of subgroup and sensitivity analyses.ConclusionUPF consumption may be a risk factor for several metabolic diseases. However, well-designed studies are still needed to verify our findings in the future.
PARC: a phase I/II study evaluating the safety and activity of pegylated recombinant human arginase BCT-100 in relapsed/refractory cancers of children and young adults
Authors: Fenwick Nicola , Weston Rebekah , Wheatley Keith , Hodgson Jodie , Marshall Lynley , Elliott Martin , Makin Guy , Ng Antony , Brennan Bernadette , Lowis Stephen , Adamski Jenny , Kilday John Paul , Cox Rachel , Gattens Mike , Moore Andrew , Trahair Toby , Ronghe Milind , Campbell Martin , Campbell Helen , Williams Molly W. , Kirby Maria , Van Eijkelenburg Natasha , Keely Jennifer , Scarpa Ugo , Stavrou Victoria , Fultang Livingstone , Booth Sarah , Cheng Paul , De Santo Carmela , Mussai Francis 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe survival for many children with relapsed/refractory cancers remains poor despite advances in therapies. Arginine metabolism plays a key role in the pathophysiology of a number of pediatric cancers. We report the first in child study of a recombinant human arginase, BCT-100, in children with relapsed/refractory hematological, solid or CNS cancers.ProcedurePARC was a single arm, Phase I/II, international, open label study. BCT-100 was given intravenously over one hour at weekly intervals. The Phase I section utilized a modified 3 + 3 design where escalation/de-escalation was based on both the safety profile and the complete depletion of arginine (defined as adequate arginine depletion; AAD &lt;8μM arginine in the blood after 4 doses of BCT-100). The Phase II section was designed to further evaluate the clinical activity of BCT-100 at the pediatric RP2D determined in the Phase I section, by recruitment of patients with pediatric cancers into 4 individual groups. A primary evaluation of response was conducted at eight weeks with patients continuing to receive treatment until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.Results49 children were recruited globally. The Phase I cohort of the trial established the Recommended Phase II Dose of 1600U/kg iv weekly in children, matching that of adults. BCT-100 was very well tolerated. No responses defined as a CR, CRi or PR were seen in any cohort within the defined 8 week primary evaluation period. However a number of these relapsed/refractory patients experienced prolonged radiological SD.ConclusionArginine depletion is a clinically safe and achievable strategy in children with cancer. The RP2D of BCT-100 in children with relapsed/refractory cancers is established at 1600U/kg intravenously weekly and can lead to sustained disease stability in this hard to treat population.Clinical trial registrationEudraCT, 2017-002762-44; ISRCTN, 21727048; and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03455140.
Assessment of chemotherapy resistance changes in human colorectal cancer xenografts in rats based on MRI histogram features
Authors: Wu Min-Yi , Han Qi-Jia , Ai Zhu , Liang Yu-Ying , Yan Hao-Wen , Xie Qi , Xiang Zhi-Ming 
Published: January 2024

PurposeWe investigated the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) histogram features, a non-invasive method, in assessing the changes in chemoresistance of colorectal cancer xenografts in rats.MethodsA total of 50 tumor-bearing mice with colorectal cancer were randomly divided into two groups: control group and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) group. The MRI histogram characteristics and the expression levels of p53 protein and MRP1 were obtained at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 120 h, and 168 h after treatment.ResultsSixty highly repeatable MRI histogram features were obtained. There were 16 MRI histogram parameters and MRP1 resistance protein differences between groups. At 24 h after treatment, the MRI histogram texture parameters of T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) images (10%, 90%, median, energy, and RootMeanSquared) and D images (10% and Range) were positively correlated with MRP1 (r = 0.925, p = 0.005). At 48 h after treatment, histogram texture parameters of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) images (Energy) were positively correlated with the presence of MRP1 resistance protein (r = 0.900, p = 0.037). There was no statistically significant difference between MRI histogram features and p53 protein expression level.ConclusionsMRI histogram texture parameters based on T2WI, D, and ADC maps can help to predict the change of 5-FU resistance in colorectal cancer in the early stage and provide important reference significance for clinical treatment.
Implementing data on targeted therapy from the INFORM registry platform for children with relapsed cancer in Sweden
Authors: Wallin Sofia , Øra Ingrid , Prochazka Gabriela , Sandgren Johanna , Björklund Caroline , Ljungman Gustaf , Vogt Hartmut , Ek Torben , van Tilburg Cornelis M. , Nilsson Anna 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundAdvances in treatment of childhood malignancies have improved overall cure rates to 80%. Nevertheless, cancer is still the most common cause of childhood mortality in Sweden. The prognosis is particularly poor for relapse of high-risk malignancies. In the international INFORM registry, tumor tissue from patients with relapsed, refractory, or progressive pediatric cancer as well as from very-high risk primary tumors is biologically characterized using next-generation sequencing to identify possible therapeutic targets. We analyzed data from Swedish children included in the INFORM registry concerning patient characteristics, survival, sequencing results and whether targeted treatment was administered to the children based on the molecular findings.MethodsA registry-based descriptive analysis of 184 patients included in the INFORM registry in Sweden during 2016–2021.ResultsThe most common diagnoses were soft tissue and bone sarcomas followed by high grade gliomas [including diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG)]. Complete molecular analysis was successful for 203/212 samples originating from 184 patients. In 88% of the samples, at least one actionable target was identified. Highly prioritized targets, according to a preset scale, were identified in 48 (24%) samples from 40 patients and 24 of these patients received matched targeted treatment but only six children within a clinical trial. No statistically significant benefit in terms of overall survival or progression free survival was observed between children treated with matched targeted treatment compared to all others.ConclusionThis international collaborative study demonstrate feasibility regarding sequencing of pediatric high-risk tumors providing molecular data regarding potential actionable targets to clinicians. For a few individuals the INFORM analysis was of utmost importance and should be regarded as a new standard of care with the potential to guide targeted therapy.
Addressing the risk and management of cardiometabolic complications in prostate cancer patients on androgen deprivation therapy and androgen receptor axis-targeted therapy: consensus statements from the Hong Kong Urological Association and the Hong Kong Society of Uro-Oncology
Authors: Poon Darren M. C. , Tan Guang-Ming , Chan Kuen , Chan Marco T. Y. , Chan Tim-Wai , Kan Raymond W. M. , Lam Martin H. C. , Leung Clarence L. H. , Wong Kenneth C. W. , Kam Kevin K. H. , Ng Chi-Fai , Chiu Peter K. F. 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundAndrogen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the foundational treatment for metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). Androgen receptor (AR) axis-targeted therapies are a new standard of care for advanced PCa. Although these agents have significantly improved patient survival, the suppression of testosterone is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic syndrome. This highlights the urgency of multidisciplinary efforts to address the cardiometabolic risk of anticancer treatment in men with PCa.MethodsTwo professional organizations invited five urologists, five clinical oncologists, and two cardiologists to form a consensus panel. They reviewed the relevant literature obtained by searching PubMed for the publication period from April 2013 to April 2023, to address three discussion areas: (i) baseline assessment and screening for risk factors in PCa patients before the initiation of ADT and AR axis-targeted therapies; (ii) follow-up and management of cardiometabolic complications; and (iii) selection of ADT agents among high-risk patients. The panel convened four meetings to discuss and draft consensus statements using a modified Delphi method. Each drafted statement was anonymously voted on by every panelist.ResultsThe panel reached a consensus on 18 statements based on recent evidence and expert insights.ConclusionThese consensus statements serve as a practical recommendation for clinicians in Hong Kong, and possibly the Asia-Pacific region, in the management of cardiometabolic toxicities of ADT or AR axis-targeted therapies in men with PCa.
Detection of potential safety signals related to the use of remdesivir and tocilizumab in the COVID era during pregnancy, resorting to open data from the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS)
Authors: Romão Beatriz Marinho Silva , Duval Felipe Vieira , Lima Elisângela Costa , Silva Fabrício Alves Barbosa da , Matos Guacira Correa de 
Published: January 2024

Background: The in-hospital treatment for COVID-19 may include medicines from various therapeutic classes, such as antiviral remdesivir and immunosuppressant tocilizumab. Safety data for these medicines are based on controlled clinical trials and case reports, limiting the knowledge about less frequent, rare or unique population adverse events excluded from clinical trials.Objective: This study aims at analyzing the reports of Adverse Drug Events (ADEs) related to these two medicines, focusing on events in pregnant women and foetuses.Methods: Data from the open-access FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from 2020 to 2022 were used to create a dashboard on the Grafana platform to ease querying and analyzing report events. Potential safety signals were generated using the ROR disproportionality measure.Results: Remdesivir was notified as the primary suspect in 7,147 reports and tocilizumab in 19,602. Three hundred and three potential safety signals were identified for remdesivir, of which six were related to pregnant women and foetuses (including abortion and foetal deaths). Tocilizumab accumulated 578 potential safety signals, and three of them were associated with this population (including neonatal death).Discussion: None of the possible signals generated for this population were found in the product labels. According to the NIH and the WHO protocols, both medicines are recommended for pregnant women hospitalized with COVID-19.Conclusion: Despite the known limitations of working with open data from spontaneous reporting systems (e.g., absence of certain clinical data, underreporting, a tendency to report severe events and recent medicines) and disproportionality analysis, the findings suggest concerning associations that need to be confirmed or rejected in subsequent clinical studies.
The double-edged sword of personality in shaping craftsmanship spirit: an investigation of conscientiousness and openness to experience
Authors: Li Zhi , Lu Fangmei , He Gang 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundCraftsmanship is associated with various positive outcomes at both individual and organizational level, and thus has attracted scholarly attention on examining its antecedents. While craftsmanship can be shaped by both contextual factors and personal traits, existing research has dominantly focused on the former, leaving the latter less examined. Such a lack of examination limits our understanding of craftsmanship in workplace.ObjectiveFollowing the view that individuals’ intrinsic desire to do the job as the core of craftsmanship, we define craftsmanship spirit (CS) as an individual’s psychological state of feeling competent, transcendent, and valuable during work, which evolves as an individual’s skills and knowledge expand. We then draw on the classic dispositional literature to explore how individuals’ personality traits (conscientiousness and openness to experience) shape the development of CS differently (i.e., the initial level and the developmental trajectory), and test our theory using a latent growth modeling (LGM) approach.MethodsWe conducted a four-round on-site questionnaire survey with participants who were employees at a large manufacturing company in China. The final sample consists of 746 matched respondents. Data analysis was performed in Mplus 8.3.ResultsEmpirical results confirm our hypotheses that both conscientiousness and openness to experience have a positive effect on the initial level of CS. Besides, conscientiousness has a negative effect on the subsequent growth of CS. However, the proposed negative effect of openness to experience on the subsequent growth of CS was not supported when the other four personality traits were considered simultaneously.ConclusionThis study reveals that conscientiousness and openness to experience have an important effect on CS. Specifically, both conscientiousness and openness to experience are associated with a high level of CS, and the former is associated with low growth of CS. This study not only broadened our understanding on the antecedents of CS, but also provided a dynamic perspective to understand CS in workplace.
Photobiomodulation improves depression symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Ji Qipei , Yan Shichang , Ding Jilin , Zeng Xin , Liu Zhixiang , Zhou Tianqi , Wu Zhuorao , Wei Wei , Li Huaqiang , Liu Shuangyue , Ai Shuangchun 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundDepression is a common mental illness that is widely recognized by its lack of pleasure, fatigue, low mood, and, in severe cases, even suicidal tendencies. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that could treat patients with mood disorders such as depression.MethodsA systematic search of ten databases, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for depression, was conducted from the time of library construction to September 25, 2023. The primary outcome was depression. The secondary outcome was sleep. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan (version 5.4) and Stata (version 14.0). Subgroup analyses were performed to identify sources of heterogeneity. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE).ResultsThree thousand two hundred and sixty-five studies were retrieved from the database and screened for inclusion in eleven trials. The forest plot results demonstrated that PBM alleviated depression (SMD = −0.55, 95% CI [−0.75, −0.35], I2 = 46%). But it is not statistically significant for patients’ sleep outcomes (SMD = −0.82, 95% CI [−2.41, 0.77], I2 = 0%, p &gt; 0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that s-PBM was superior to t-PBM in relieving symptoms of depression. The best improvement for t-PBM was achieved using a wavelength of 823 nm, fluence of 10–100 J/cm2, irradiance of 50–100 mW/cm2, irradiance time of 30 min, treatment frequency &lt; 3/week, and number of treatments &gt;15 times. The best improvement for s-PBM was achieved using a wavelength of 808 nm, fluence ≤1 J/cm2, irradiance of 50–100 mW/cm2, irradiance time ≤ 5 min, treatment frequency ≥ 3/week, number of treatments &gt;15 times. All results had evidence quality that was either moderate or very low, and there was no bias in publication.ConclusionWe conclude that PBM is effective in reducing depression symptoms in patients. However, the current number of studies is small, and further studies are needed to extend the current analysis results.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, CRD42023444677.
Cultural adaptation of INDIGO mental health stigma reduction interventions using an ecological validity model in north India
Authors: Daniel Mercian , Kallakuri Sudha , Gronholm Petra C. , Wahid Syed Shabab , Kohrt Brandon , Thornicroft Graham , Maulik Pallab K. 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe International Study of Discrimination and Stigma Outcomes (INDIGO) Partnership is a multi-country international research program in seven sites across five low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Africa and Asia to develop, contextually adapt mental health stigma reduction interventions and pilot these among a variety of target populations. The aim of this paper is to report on the process of culturally adapting these interventions in India using an established framework.MethodsAs part of this larger program, we have contextualized and implemented these interventions from March 2022 to August 2023 in a site in north India. The Ecological Validity Model (EVM) was used to guide the adaptation and contextualization process comprising eight dimensions.FindingsSix dimensions of the Ecological Validity Model were adapted, namely language, persons, metaphors, content, methods, and context; and two dimensions, namely concepts and goals, were retained.ConclusionStigma reduction strategies with varied target groups, based on culturally appropriate adaptations, are more likely to be acceptable to the stakeholders involved in the intervention, and to be effective in terms of the program impact.