bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Questionnaire for the Corneal Endothelial Cell Density and Morphology in Healthy Syrian Eyes
Authors: ALkhatib Sarah , Alfawares Maamoun , Haddeh Yusra 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

purpose: To study corneal endothelial cell density and morphology in healthy Syrian eyes and compare endothelial cell characteristics in the Syrian population with data available in the literature for other populations.
Methods and materials: Specular microscopy was performed in 520 eyes of 260 healthy Syrian volunteers, 18 to 96 years of age, Parameters studied included endothelial cell density (CD), cell area (CA), coefficient of variation (CV) in cell area, and percent of hexagonally (EX)
Results: The mean cell density was 1189 ± 326, the mean percentage of hexagonal cells was 47.75% ± 5.8%, the mean coefficient of variation was 0.4 ± 0.05, and the mean cell area was 452 ± 90, The study showed that there is a difference between the sexes in the mean values of the coefficient of variation and the mean cell area (statistical significance 0.007 and 0.013), respectively, and there is a difference in the endothelial cell density (ESD), the coefficient of variation (CV), the mean central corneal thickness (CCT), and the percentage of Hexagonal cells (EX), where the statistical significance is (0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0,006, 0.000), respectively.
Conclusion: Normative data for the corneal endothelium in the Syrian population are reported. Our data add to the knowledge about endothelial cell parameters in Syrian eyes and serve as a baseline for comparative studies with other populations.
Graphene as a nanomaterial induces apoptosis and hypoxic stress in melanoma cells
Authors: Zhao Wumei , Zhang Chengyun , Fu Wenxing , Wu Binghui , Zheng Nanfeng , Chen Hong-Duo , Shan Shi-Jun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Malignant melanoma(MM)is a proliferating skin disease, which is highly lethal and invasive. The current available treatments include surgery, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy, but the efficacy of these treatments is not optimistic. When a tumor occurs in a population that is not suitable for surgery, the treatments become extremely challenging. Graphene, as a new type of nanomaterial, possesses unique optical properties, but little is known about its far-infrared effects. Based on what we have achieved, good treatment outcomes in skin conditions using graphene film (GF) therapy previously. Here, we explored the therapeutic effects of GF on MM and investigated the preliminary mechanisms. GF inhibited B16F10 cell proliferation in a time-dependent manner. RNA sequencing revealed several pathways that were affected by GF, such as intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways, regulation of the cell cycle and hypoxic stress. Our experimental results showed that GF induced Bax and AIF expression, accompanied by the upregulation of Caspase-3 and 9 enzyme activities and the elevation of their cleavage substrate RAPR. Both Z-DEVD-FMK and Z-LEHD-FMK, inhibitors of Caspase-3 and − 9, can rescue many apoptotic cells. Interestingly, the expression of hypoxia-related proteins HIF-1α and Higd2a was down regulated, and ROS production was increased after GF treatment. Additionally, it was observed that GF arrests the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Generally, GF induces tumor cell apoptosis, hypoxic stress and cell cycle arrest, providing a new therapeutic strategy for MM.
Kenorozhdestvenskayaite-(Fe), Ag6(Ag4Fe2)Sb4S12☐: A new tetrahedrite group mineral containing a natural [Ag6]4+ cluster and its relationship to the synthetic ternary phosphide (Ag6M4P12)M6′
Authors: Qu Kai , Sun Weizhi , Nestola Fabrizio , Gu Xiangping , Yang Zeqiang , Sima Xianzhang , Tang Chao , Fan Guang , Wang Yanjuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
[Ag6]4+ clusters are extremely rare in nature (only found in Ag-rich tetrahedrite group minerals). Due to their remarkable structures and some promising applications, a few synthesis phases that contain octahedral [Ag6]4+ clusters have been reported. However, the kinds of natural conditions that promote the formation of subvalent hexasilver clusters in tetrahedrite group minerals are still unclear. Kenorozhdestvenskayaite-(Fe), ideally Ag6(Ag4Fe2)Sb4S12☐ is a new tetrahedrite group mineral containing a natural [Ag6]4+ cluster, found in the Yindongpo gold deposit, Weishancheng ore field, Henan Province, China. This new species occurs at the edges of galena crystals as anhedral grains of 2 to 20 μm in size and is associated with pyrargyrite, pyrrhotite, and siderite. Kenorozhdestvenskayaite-(Fe) is black in color with metallic luster. It is brittle with conchoidal fracture and has a calculated density of 5.329 g/cm3. The empirical formula calculated on the basis of cation = 16 apfu is M(2)Ag6M(1)(Ag2.41Cu1.20Fe1.84Zn0.71)Σ6.16X(3)(Sb3.82As0.01)Σ3.83S(1)S11.60S(2)☐. It is cubic, with space group I43m, a = 10.7119(6) Å, V = 1229.1(2) Å3, and Z = 2. Since kenorozhdestvenskayaite-(Fe) is a new tetrahedrite group mineral containing a natural [Ag6]4+ cluster, its structure is comparable to the synthetic ternary phosphide (Ag6M4P12)M6′. The presence of the unusual mineral assemblages, i.e., pyrrhotite and pyrargyrite, as well as the other keno-end-member tetrahedrites, indicates a low-fS2 state for the mineralization stage, probably a result of the fluid boiling process in an open system that likely contributed to the formation of S-deficient tetrahedrites.
Identification and mapping of surface irrigation potential in the data-scarce Jewuha watershed, Middle Awash River Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Dinku Manamno Beza , Kebede Habtamu Hailu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

This study was conducted to identify and map the surface irrigation potential in the data-scarce Jewuha watershed of the Awash Basin, Ethiopia. The suitability of the land, based on the soil characteristics and slope, was first assessed by the parametric evaluation technique. The overall suitability of the land was then evaluated considering additional factors including land use land cover, proximity to a water source and road using weighted overlay analysis through the analytic hierarchical process (AHP). Water diversion sites as the source of water supply points were selected based on theoretical site selection criteria with the help of a geographic information system (GIS) and physical observation. The surface water available at the diversion sites was estimated using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model combined with the spatial proximity regionalization technique. The land suitability analysis revealed that 16.7% (11,359 ha) of the study area is suitable for surface irrigation. Five diversion sites were identified as sources of water supply and the total flows at these sites were 12.92 Mm3. It was found that only 27.3% (3,098 ha) of the suitable land, 5% of the total area of the watershed, can be effectively developed by surface irrigation.
A comparative evaluation of streamflow prediction using the SWAT and NNAR models in the Meenachil River Basin of Central Kerala, India
Authors: Saranya M. S. , Vinish V. Nair 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Reliable and accurate modelling of streamflow is still a challenging task due to their complex behaviour, need for extensive parameter for development as well as lack of complete or accurate data. In this study, the applicability of an emerging data-driven model, specifically a neural network autoregression (NNAR) model, was evaluated for the first time as a substitute to the physically based hydrological model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for predicting streamflow under data-scarce conditions and for immediate high-quality modelling results. The inputs to the NNAR model were the lagged values of the daily streamflow time series data, and the output was the predicted value for the next day. Using streamflow data that was windowed by 20 days, the NNAR model produced the best prediction. The results of the statistical metrics used to evaluate the performance of the NNAR model were satisfactory (R = 0.90, RMSE = 28.27, MAE = 11.92, R2 = 0.83), indicating a high degree of agreement between the predicted and observed streamflow. The NNAR model outputs demonstrated its ability to accurately predict streamflow in the river basin, even without an explicit understanding of the physical processes that govern the system.
A Curriculum on Digital Psychiatry for a US-Based Psychiatry Residency Training Program: Pilot Implementation Study
Authors: Noori Sofia , Khasnavis Siddharth , DeCroce-Movson Eliza , Blay-Tofey Morkeh , Vitiello Evan 
Published: October 2023

Background
Digital psychiatry, defined as the application of health technologies to the prevention, assessment, and treatment of mental health illnesses, is a growing field. Interest in the clinical use of these technologies continues to grow. However, psychiatric trainees receive limited or no formal education on the topic.

Objective
This study aims to pilot a curriculum on digital psychiatry for a US-based psychiatry residency training program and examine the change in learner confidence regarding appraisal and clinical recommendation of digital mental health apps.

Methods
Two 60-minute sessions were presented through a web-based platform to postgraduate year 2-4 residents training in psychiatry at a US-based adult psychiatry residency program. Learner confidence was assessed using pre- and postsession surveys.

Results
Matched pre- and postsession quizzes showed improved confidence in multiple domains aligning with the course objectives. This included the structured appraisal of digital mental health apps (P=.03), assessment of a patient’s digital health literacy (P=.01), formal recommendation of digital health tools (P=.03), and prescription of digital therapeutics to patients (P=.03). Though an improvement from baseline, mean ratings for confidence did not exceed “somewhat comfortable” on any of the above measures.

Conclusions
Our study shows the feasibility of implementing a digital psychiatry curriculum for residents in multiple levels of training. We also identified an opportunity to increase learner confidence in the appraisal and clinical use of digital mental health apps through the use of a formal curriculum.
The Effects of Duration of Fermentation on Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity, and Isoflavones of The Germinated Jack Bean Tempeh (Canavalia Ensiformis)
Authors: Tsalissavrina Iva , Murdiati Agnes , Raharjo Sri , Lestari Lily Arsanti 
Published: October 2023

The daily consumption pattern of people in Indonesia is very close to the consumption of side dishes derived from legumes, especially those consumed in the form of tempeh food products. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and isoflavone content of germinated jackbean tempeh with a fermentation duration of 0–5 days. Isoflavone extract was obtained by the extraction method using 70% alcohol. The total content of phenolic compounds was measured by the method of Folin ciocalteau, antioxidant activity was measured with DPPH and isoflavone content was determined using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The total content of phenolic compounds (TPC), antioxidant activity and isoflavone was analyzed using the ANOVA assay and differences between treatments compared to the Smallest Real Difference test with a meaningfulness level of 5%. The total phenolic compound content and the highest antioxidant activity during the tempeh fermentation process were obtained on the 5th day fermentation period of 10.70±0.31 (mg. GAE/g) for total phenolic and 457.04±151.91(%) for IC50 values with intergroup test results showed significant differences. The highest isoflavone deposits were also obtained at day 5 tempeh fermentation duration for all isoflavones i.e. daidzein, glycitein, genistein and factor-2 and there were significant differences between treatment groups. The isoflavone content was 4.6341±1.7431 mg/kg for daidzein, 5.4483±2.2936 mg/kg for glycitein, 0.9236±0.3288 mg/kg for genistein and 0.458±0.209 for factor-2. This study shows that the germination and fermentation process of tempeh causes changes in the content of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity as well as increasing and influencing the isoflavone profile.
Empirical studies assessing the perceptions and knowledge of medicine in Mongolia: A Nationwide Population-based study
Authors: Lkhagvasuren Dulmaa , Bayarbat Uranbileg , Khongorzul Ganbat , Tsetsgee Purevjav , Aslam Muhammad Shahzad 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The availability and affordability of medicine is an essential issue in any population globally, and drug regulatory agencies need the information to prevent an unforeseen matter and take necessary decisions by relevant agencies so that medicine will be available at an affordable price. Moreover, it is also essential to assess the consumer perception of patterns and knowledge about medicine use, subject to perception bias and belief bias. The current study examines consumers’ perceptions of medicine availability, medicine spending, affordability of medicine, patterns and knowledge of medication use.
Design/methodology/approach
A nationwide cross-sectional study was performed in Mongolia. The survey consists of nineteen closed-ended questionnaire items. The manuscript has presented according to The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines on the cross-sectional study.
Findings
A total of seven thousand five hundred and thirty-two (n=7532) had participated in the study. 46.3% of the study population consider the quality during buying of medicine. The average spending of medicine per month in Mongolia is 4.00 USD-17.00 USD/= per month. A large percentage of the population (47.8%) has skipped buying prescription drugs due to affordability issues. 47.4% of the population believe that the price of the drug sold in the market is expensive. A surprisingly 56% of study population indicate that the pharmacy does not have enough type and stock of drug. The study population (40.4%) does not have enough awareness about falsified medicine, and 30.4% cannot buy discounted medicine covered by the health insurance fund. A considerable percentage of the population (74.2%) take medicine according to doctor instructions and is firmly in favour of the government to regulate the drug prices (79.9%).
Originality/value
The current study showed consumers’ perception, pattern, knowledge and affordability about medicines. The results indicate a lack of education by the healthcare providers on falsified medicine, the financial burden of medicine on the population, and the unavailability of different medicine stock.
Nephroprotective effect of ethanol extract Abelmoschus manihot l. Leaves in gentamicin-induced mice
Authors: Dwi Sandhiutami Ni Made , Nurefrialia Nisa Rila , Wisynu Kusuma Wardhani Bantari 
Published: October 2023

Nephrotoxicity is the most common side effect of gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic group. It was mediated by oxidative stress mechanisms. Abelmoschus manihot L. leaves (AML) have antioxidant activity flavonoids. This study aims to determine the nephroprotective effect of AML in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity using mice models. It conducted an experimental design study in a pharmacology laboratory using mice models. It was conducted experimentally in 7 groups. There are normal, solvent, negative control, and four test groups (given an ethanolic extract of AML at doses of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBW) which were administered orally for 7 days. Gentamicin 112 mg/kgBW was induced intraperitoneally on the 8th day. All mice were anesthetized on the 11th day to collect blood serum and renal organs for further examination. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 for One Way ANOVA test and followed by Duncan's post-hoc analysis test. The difference is considered significant if the p-value <0.05. Gentamicin successfully induced renal damage based on increasing creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. This was by histopathology analysis which showed renal necrosis in the negative control group. Ethanolic extract of AML prevents nephrotoxicity due to gentamicin in a dose-dependent manner in creatinine level but not in BUN and histopathology. However, taken together all results showed that ethanol extract of AML has a nephroprotective effect in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.
Keywords: Abelmoschus manihot L., gentamicin, nephroprotection, renal histopathology
CONNECTIONS BETWEEN NORTHROP FRYE AND ROBERT GRAVES
Authors: Cvetković Tanja 
Published: October 2023

Though any written trace of direct communication between Canadian theoretician Northrop Frye and British poet and novelist Robert Graves cannot be found, Frye often referred to the prolific British author in his reviews especially when weighing in Graves’ contribution to the mythopoetic school of criticism. In Frye’s opinion, Graves’s contribution is not in creating a “systematic mythology” but in depicting “mythical use of poetic language, where we invent our own myths and apply them to an indefinite number of human themes” (Gill 2010, lvi). Graves does not lead us to the objective systematic mythology since the myth in his poetry does not seem to be part of an objective system but a kaleidoscopic chaos of human fragments. It is the combination of mythical fragments that create the meaning of the poem after all while the central path to the author’s mind is found through broken images. In that sense the paper shows how the absence of direct correspondence between two authors gives way to the presence of relations between their works which is mainly reflected through the way they applied the myth of the Goddess in their works.
Sociogénesis, ontogénesis y microgénesis: una propuesta en el estudio de las representaciones sociales sobre evaluación formativa
Authors: Avila Vanegas Claudia , Castillo Vallejo Sandra Liliana , Mosquera Suárez Carlos Javier 
Published: October 2023

La evaluación del aprendizaje en el campo educativo está constituida por componentes teóricos y prácticos que revelan las disposiciones epistemológicas y ontológicas de los sujetos que dinamizan las realidades de la escuela. Estas posturas no surgen automáticamente, son dinamizadas por representaciones sociales (RS) basadas en discursos institucionalizados y las historias de los sujetos. A partir de estas convergencias, se plantea como objetivo identificar la configuración de las Representaciones Sociales sobre la Evaluación Formativa del Aprendizaje a través de la pluridimensionalidad de su génesis individual y colectiva. Las categorías se basan en la huella histórica, social y personal. Dado el enfoque cualitativo de este estudio, el paradigma es interpretativo y el método es hermenéutico. Este enfoque se desarrolla a través de la teoría de las RS para acercarse a su configuración y contenido, mediante el análisis documental y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se triangulan los resultados mediante la codificación abierta y axial, permitiendo una interrelación de significados a partir de co-ocurrencias. El hallazgo de las Representaciones sociales desde los niveles de análisis de la sociogénesis, ontogénesis y microgénesis evidencia como resultado la construcción de RS emancipadoras sustentadas en la transformación del pensamiento constituido y homogéneo a través de la reflexión como elemento clave
Placental cannabinoid receptor expression in preterm birth - preprint.
Authors: Feduniw Stepan , Krupa Izabela , Łagowska Katarzyna , Laudanski Piotr , Tabarkiewicz Jacek , Stawarz Barbara , Raba Grzegorz 
Published: October 2023

Background. The cannabinoid receptor (CBR) plays a significant
role in oogenesis, pregnancy, and childbirth. It might also play a
significant role in preterm birth (PTB). The aim of the study was to
investigate the association between the expression of the cannabinoid
receptor in the placenta and the incidence of preterm birth.
Methods. This prospective, observational, multicentre
preliminary study was conducted on placental samples obtained from 109
women. The study included 95 patients hospitalized due to the high risk
of PTB. They were divided into two groups: Group 1, where the expression
of the CBR1 and CBR1a was analyzed, and Group 2, in which we examined
CBR2 expression. The control group, i.e., Group 3, consisted of 14 women
who delivered at term and their placentas were tested for the presence
of all three receptor types (CBR1, CBR1a, CBR2).
Results. The study used reverse transcription and Real-Time PCR
methods to assess the expression of CBRs in the placental tissues. The
expression of the CBR2, CBR1 and CBR1a receptors was significantly lower
in the placentas of women after preterm birth compared to those after
term births, p = 0.038, 0.033 and 0.034, respectively.
Conclusions. The presence of CBR mRNA in the human placental
tissue was confirmed. The decreased expression of cannabinoid receptors
could serve as an indicator in predicting PTB.
KEYWORDS: Cannabinoid receptor; CBR1; CBR2; ECS; preterm birth;
PTB.
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Karakter Inisiatif Belajar Siswa Pasca Pandemi di SMA Negeri 2 Binjai
Authors: Tambunan Deby Octavia , Dewi Rosmala 
Published: October 2023

The objectives of this study were to (1) develop a valid student learning initiative character assessment instrument for use in high school, (2) develop a practical student learning initiative character assessment instrument for use in high school (3) analyze the validity and practicality of the learning initiative character assessment instrument. developed for use in high school. The study used the Research and Development (RnD) method with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The population in this study were students of class XI SMA Negeri 2 Binjai. The sample used is class XI PMS 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 and class XI PIS 1,2,3,4,5 totaling 17 people for each class. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling with the Slovin formula. The results obtained are products in the form of a character assessment instrument for student learning initiatives with the type of observation sheet for teacher assessment and a situational judgment test for student self-assessment. The items on the observation sheet were declared valid by experts with a score of 85%, and reliable with reliability > 0.7. Likewise with the situational test, the item is declared valid and reliable with Product Moment values > 0.138 and α-Cronbach > 0.813. Both instruments are also declared practical based on the value of practicality > 90%. Based on the results and discussion, it can be concluded that the character assessment instrument developed is feasible to be used in assessing the character quality of student learning initiatives in high school.
Molecular and metabolic changes in neurological manifestations of Post-COVID conditions with special consideration of spectroscopy MR analysis
Authors: Iwaszkiewicz Pawel , Iwanowski Robert , Wozniak Slawomir 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Post-COVID conditions (PCC) are conditions that continue or develop after acute COVID-19 infection. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on the molecular and metabolic basis of neurological manifestations of PCC, with particular emphasis on Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) analysis. MRS is a technique used to measure the concentrations of different metabolites in tissues within the human body (including central nervous system) and may contribute to a more precise understanding of the pathophysiology of this condition and the development of new therapeutic methods.