bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
الضغوط المهنية وعلاقتها باتخاذ القرارات لدى عينة من الشرطة النسائية في مدينة بنغازي
Authors: عمر الفائدي. د. فريحة 
Published: December 2023

تعد القرارات الصائبة من الأمور الهامة التي يجب أن تعنى بها جميع الأجهزة الأمنية في الدولة، وذلك لما لها من أهمية للتأثير في مجريات الأمور على أرض الواقع، لذا فإن الدراسة الحالية تسلط الضوء على جهاز أمني هام، من بين الأجهزة التي تعتمد فيها الدولة الليبية لتوفير الأمن والأمان في نفوس مواطنيها ، لذا، تستهدف هذه الدراسة الميدانية لاستقصاء العلاقات السببيِّة بين الضغوط المهنية من جهة، والقدرة على اتخاذ القرار من جهة أخرى، حيث تكونت عينة الدراسة من 40 امرأة عاملة في الشرطة النسائية بمختلف رتبهن، وللوصول إلى نتائج الدراسة قامت الباحثة باستخدام التحليل والمعادلة البنائية النموذجية من خلال برنامج (AMOS)؛ لمعالجة المعلومات إحصائياً، والذي أشار بوجود علاقة إيجابية وصلت إلى 98 % بين متغير الضغوط المهنية واتخاذ القرار لدى عينة الدراسة ، الأمر الذي يؤكد على وجوب توفير مناخ مناسب للمرأة العاملة في هذا الجهاز الأمني الحساس حتى يتسنى لها التركز في عملها وبعدها عن الضغوطات التي قد تؤثر علة اتخاذ قراراتها، كما أكدت نتيجة التحليل بأن مستوى الضغوط النفسية في البعد النفسي يعد مرتفعاً مقارنه بالبعد الاجتماعي، بالإضافة لذلك فقد بينت النتائج بتأثر قدرة الشرطة النسائي على اتخاذ القرارات في ظل ازدياد الضغوط النفسية.
Analgesic and Anti- Inflammatory Effect of Zingiber Officinale in Albino Mice
Authors: Elzwi Samia , ALbarasi Hamida 
Published: December 2023

Zingiber officinale (ginger) is common part of the diet in many parts of the world, Recent research has found ginger to have various pharmacological properties due to a variety of active constituents, including shogoals and gingerols. It is a member of zingiberaceae family originated in Southeast Asia and has been introduced to many parts of the globe where it proliferates in suitable environment. Ginger contain constituents with anti-inflammatory properties. The fresh and dried ginger both contains active 6 – gingerol and gingerdion along with other resinous pungent principle, extracted with n- hexane and methanol that are responsible for inhibition of inflammatory metabolite's production by lipooxygenase and cyclooxyganse. The present paper aimed to determine anti- inflammatory effects of Zingiber officinale extract in experimental animals .The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by using carrageenan it showed that the plant extract has anti-inflammatory effect in rats by using acetic acid model. The present paper indicated that plant extract has analgesic activity in dose dependent pattern.
خلال الفترة (1990- 2014) (ARDL) دراسة أثر الانفتاح الاقتصادي على النمو الاقتصادي في ليبيا باستخدام نموذج
Authors: المسلاتي ناصر محمد 
Published: December 2023

تكمن مشكلة البحث في اعتماد الاقتصاد الليبي على العالم الخارجي الامر الذي قد يعرضه للتقلبات التي تحدث في الاقتصاديات العالمية وما يتبعها من التبعية الاقتصادية، كما ان ارتفاع نسبة الانفتاح الخارجي ترجع إلى ارتفاع قيمة الصادرات إلى الناتج المحلي الإجمالي وذلك بسبب ارتفاع أسعار النفط في الأسواق العالمية فكانت صادراتها من بين الصادرات الأقل تنوعاً في العالم ، وهدفت الدراسة قياس أثر معدل الانفتاح الاقتصادي على معدل النمو في قيمة الناتج الإجمالي و قياس اتجاه العلاقة السببية بين معدل الانفتاح الاقتصادي ومعدل النمو في قيمة الناتج الإجمالي ، وتوصلت الدراسة إلي هناك علاقة توازنيه طويلة الاجل ما بين الانفتاح الاقتصادي والنمو الاقتصادي في ليبيا وأن هناك علاقة سببيه تتجه من الانفتاح الاقتصادي إلى معدل نمو الناتج المحلي الإجمالي.
معوقات تدريب المعلمين في أثناء الخدمة كما يراها المعلمون والمعلمات في التعليم الأساسي والثانوي
Authors: عبد القادر صالح عيسى  
Published: December 2023

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة معوقات تدريب المعلمين في أثناء الخدمة كما يراها المعلمون والمعلمات في مدارس التعليم الأساسي والثانوي، وذلك من خلال الإجابة عن الأسئلة الآتية:

ما معوقات تدريب المعلمين في أثناء الخدمة كما يراها المعلمون والمعلمات في التعليم الأساسي والثانوي؟
هل توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في استجابات العينة لمعوقات تدريب المعلمين في أثناء الخدمة تعزى لمتغير سنوات الخبرة؟
هل توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في تقديرات العينة لمعوقات تدريب المعلمين في أثناء الخدمة تعزى لمتغير الجنس (معلمات ـ معلمون) ؟

وقد استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي الذي يعتمد على جمع البيانات عن الظاهرة وتفسيرها، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (314) معلماً ومعلمة، وبنى الباحث أداة الدراسة، وهي عبارة عن استبيان تكون من (46) فقرة بعد التحقق من صدقها وثباتها، وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في استجابات العينة تعزى لمتغير سنوات الخبرة، وعدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في استجابات العينة حسب متغير الجنس، وفي ضوء النتائج أوصت الدراسة بتوصيات عدة منها، أخذ رأي المعلمين في احتياجاتهم التدريبية، وضرورة تقديم الحوافز المادية والمعنوية للمعلمين المتدربين، وتدريب المعلمين على تحديد احتياجاتهم التدريبية، واختيار الوقت المناسب للتدريب.
دور المصارف التجارية في تقويم مخاطر الائتمان وتخفيفها دراسة حالات متعددة من وجهة نظر إدارات الائتمان والمخاطر
Authors: الفضلي خالد زيدان 
Published: December 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على دور المصارف في تقويم مخاطر الائتمان وتخفيفها، ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة اعتمدت الدراسة على مدخل دراسة حالات متعددة طريقة للبحث؛ حيث يعتبر هذا المدخل مثالياً لفهم الجوانب المختلفة للمشكلة قيد الدراسة، كما جمعت الدراسة بياناتها عن طريق إجراء المقابلات الشخصية مع مسؤولين بإدارتي المخاطر والائتمان وقد بلغ عدد المقابلات(15) مقابلة، كما بلغ عدد المصارف المشاركة في الدراسة(3) مصارف تجارية، واعتمدت الدراسة على الإحصاء الوصفي لتحليل البيانات، وأشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى المصارف المشاركة في الدراسة تُقَوّم المخاطر وتحللها حيث بلغت نسبتها 79% للمصارف ككل، في حين بلغت نسبة قيام المصارف بتخفيف المخاطر 24% للمصارف ككل؛ مما يعطي انطباعاً بأن المصارف غير قادرة على تخفيف مخاطر الائتمان، بل تُقَوّم فقط مخاطرها وتُحَلَّلُها؛ ويمكن إرجاع هذا السبب إلي أن عملية تخفيف المخاطر تحتاج الي الكثير من الخطط والبرامج والأساليب الكمية التي ليست متوافرة حتى الآن في إدارات المخاطر والائتمان، وبذلك وفرت الدراسة دليلاً علمياً بأن المصارف ليس لها دور في تخفيف مخاطر الائتمان ويقتصر دورها فقط على عملية تقويم مخاطر الائتمان فقط.
وتوصي الدراسة بضرورة الاهتمام بعملية تخفيف المخاطر والعمل على توفير متطلباتها من قبل المصارف، وإجراء المزيد من الدراسات والأبحاث حول تقويم مخاطر الائتمان وتخفيفها، باستخدام منهجيات وطرق جمع بيانات أخرى قد تسهم في زيادة المعرفة حول هذا الموضوع.
Morphological and Anatomical Variations of Vicia faba L. Seedlings in Response to Static Magnetic Force
Authors: Taia Wafaa K. , Bassiouni Eman M. , Eltelet Safaa A. 
Published: December 2023

Static magnetic force (SMF) is the most important factors affecting all living creatures. This force investigated for its effect on human physiology, animal behavior and migration and plant germination and horticulture. Vicia faba seeds subjected to static magnetic forces arising from iron magnetic (4.0X2.5X1.0 cm, Y30H) in two regimes. The first one (A) post soaked seeds exposed to five magnetic cycles for 30 minutes and 30 minutes in between the two cycles. Then these seeds (A) soaked in tap water for six hours before starting the germination. The second portion (B), first soaked in tap water (Presoaked) for six hours, then exposed to the five cycles beside the Blank seeds. Germination %, seedlings morphology and anatomical structure recorded throughout the experiment which last for about 26 days. The germination % increased in the first regime (A) than the control, while the second regime (B) delayed the germination till the first two weeks and then respond to be as the blank ones. The most effective seedlings portions are the root system, the leaf color and area, leaf ptyxis , number of cortex layers, chlorophyll density beside the type of vascular bundles as well as xylem/phloem ratio.
SMF has great effect on seed germination, seedling morphology andanatomicalstructure of the stem.
Morphological study of the cranial bones of the Libyan fox (Vulpes rueppellii) in the north-eastern region of Libya
Authors: Youssef Abdelgader K , Ahmed Ahmed W , Darnawi Neema A 
Published: December 2023

The cranial bones of a wild Libyan fox (Vulpes rueppellii) has been studied. The specimens were collected from different
regions of Cyrenaica province. The skull was small and delicate, and the tympanic bulla was well developed. The dental
formula was: I 3/3, C 1/1, P 4/4, M 2/3, total 42. Mental foramina and the angular process of the mandible were present.
Distorted correlations among censored data: causes, effects, and correction
Authors: Barchard Kimberly A. , Russell James A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractData censoring occurs when researchers do not know precise values of data points (e.g., age is 55+ or concentration ≤ .001). Censoring is frequent within psychology but typically unrecognized outside of longitudinal studies. We describe five circumstances when censoring may occur, demonstrate censoring distorts correlations, and discuss how censoring can create spurious factors. Next, we explain how to use R package lava to calculate maximum likelihood estimates (Holst and Budtz-Jørgensen Computational Statistics, 28(4), 1385–1452, 2013) of correlations between uncensored variables based upon censored variables. Previous research demonstrated these estimates were more accurate than Muthén’s (1984) estimate for one particular model, but no research has systematically examined their accuracy. We therefore conducted a simulation study exploring the effects of the correlation, sample size, and censoring on point and interval estimates of correlations. Based upon 80 cells in which low values of normally distributed variables were censored, we recommend the constrained regression model with Wald confidence intervals. These methods were precise and unbiased unless both variables had 70% censoring and the correlation was large and negative (e.g., −.9), in which case estimates were closer to −1 than they should be. Opposite results would occur if low values of one variable and high values of the other were censored: Estimates would be precise and unbiased unless censoring was extreme and correlations were large and positive. To estimate large correlations accurately, we recommend researchers reduce censoring by using longer longitudinal studies, using scales with more response options, and matching measures to populations to reduce floor and ceiling effects.
A Comprehensive Investigation of Metals in the Circumgalactic Medium of Nearby Dwarf Galaxies
Authors: Zheng 郑 Yong 永 , Faerman Yakov , Oppenheimer Benjamin D. , Putman Mary E. , McQuinn Kristen B. W. , Kirby Evan N. , Burchett Joseph N. , Telford O. Grace , Werk Jessica K. , Kim Doyeon A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Dwarf galaxies are found to have lost most of their metals via feedback processes; however, there still lacks consistent assessment on the retention rate of metals in their circumgalactic medium (CGM). Here we investigate the metal content in the CGM of 45 isolated dwarf galaxies with M
* = 106.5–9.5
M
⊙ (M
200m = 1010.0–11.5
M
⊙) using the Hubble Space Telescope/Cosmic Origins Spectrograph. While H i (Lyα) is ubiquitously detected (89%) within the CGM, we find low detection rates (≈5%–22%) in C ii, C iv, Si ii, Si iii, and Si iv, largely consistent with literature values. Assuming these ions form in the cool (T ≈ 104 K) CGM with photoionization equilibrium, the observed H i and metal column density profiles can be best explained by an empirical model with low gas density and high volume filling factor. For a typical galaxy with M
200m = 1010.9
M
⊙ (median of the sample), our model predicts a cool gas mass of M
CGM,cool ∼ 108.4
M
⊙, corresponding to ∼2% of the galaxy’s baryonic budget. Assuming a metallicity of 0.3 Z
⊙, we estimate that the dwarf galaxy’s cool CGM likely harbors ∼10% of the metals ever produced, with the rest either in more ionized states in the CGM or transported to the intergalactic medium. We further examine the EAGLE simulation and show that H i and low ions may arise from a dense cool medium, while C iv arises from a diffuse warmer medium. Our work provides the community with a uniform data set on dwarf galaxies’ CGM that combines our recent observations, additional archival data and literature compilation, which can be used to test various theoretical models of dwarf galaxies.
When and How Ram Pressure Stripping in Low-mass Satellite Galaxies Enhances Star Formation
Authors: Zhu Jingyao , Tonnesen Stephanie , Bryan Greg L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We investigate how a satellite's star formation rate (SFR) and surviving gas respond to ram pressure stripping (RPS) in various environments. Using a suite of high-resolution wind tunnel simulations with radiative cooling, star formation, and supernovae feedback, we model the first infall orbit of a low-mass disk galaxy (M
* = 109.7
M
⊙) in different host halos, ranging from Milky Way–like to cluster hosts. When the ram pressure is moderate, we find that the stripping satellite shows an enhanced SFR relative to the isolated control case, despite gas loss due to stripping. The SFR enhancement is caused, not directly by compression, but by ram-pressure-driven mass flows, which can increase the dense gas fraction in the central disk regions. The spatially resolved star formation main sequence and Kennicutt–Schmidt relations in our simulations are consistent with recent findings of the VERTICO and GASP surveys. Our results predict the environmental signals of RPS in future multiwavelength, high-angular resolution observations: the star formation and gas surface densities will be centralized, and symmetrically enhanced within the stripping radius.
Stellar Half-mass Radii of 0.5 z < 2.3 Galaxies: Comparison with JWST/NIRCam Half-light Radii
Authors: van der Wel Arjen , Martorano Marco , Häußler Boris , Nedkova Kalina V. , Miller Tim B. , Brammer Gabriel B. , van de Ven Glenn , Leja Joel , Bezanson Rachel S. , Muzzin Adam , Marchesini Danilo , de Graaff Anna , Nelson Erica J. , Kriek Mariska , Bell Eric F. , Franx Marijn 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We use CEERS JWST/NIRCam imaging to measure rest-frame near-IR light profiles of 435 M
⋆ > 1010
M
⊙ galaxies in the redshift range of 0.5 < z < 2.3. We compare the resulting rest-frame 1.5–2 μm half-light radii (R
NIR) with stellar half-mass radii (

R

M

⋆

) derived with multicolor light profiles from CANDELS Hubble Space Telescope imaging. In general agreement with previous work, we find that R
NIR and

R

M

⋆

are up to 40% smaller than the rest-frame optical half-light radius R
opt. The agreement between R
NIR and

R

M

⋆

is excellent, with a negligible systematic offset (<0.03 dex) up to z = 2 for quiescent galaxies and up to z = 1.5 for star-forming galaxies. We also deproject the profiles to estimate

R

M

⋆

,
3
D

, the radius of a sphere containing 50% of the stellar mass. We present the R−M
⋆ distribution of galaxies at 0.5 < z < 1.5, comparing R
opt,

R

M

⋆

, and

R

M

⋆

,
3
D

. The slope is significantly flatter for

R

M

⋆

and

R

M

⋆

,
3
D

compared to R
opt, mostly due to downward shifts in size for massive star-forming galaxies, while

R

M

⋆

and

R

M

⋆

,
3
D

do not show markedly different trends. Finally, we show rapid evolution of the size (R ∝ (1 + z)−1.7±0.1) of massive (M
⋆ > 1011
M
⊙) quiescent galaxies between z = 0.5 and z = 2.3, again comparing R
opt,

R

M

⋆

, and

R

M

⋆

,
3
D

. We conclude that the main tenets of the evolution of the size narrative established over the past 20 yr, based on rest-frame optical light profile analysis, still hold in the era of JWST/NIRCam observations in the rest-frame near-IR.
ALMA-IMF. IX. Catalog and Physical Properties of 315 SiO Outflow Candidates in 15 Massive Protoclusters
Authors: Towner A. P. M. , Ginsburg A. , Dell’Ova P. , Gusdorf A. , Bontemps S. , Csengeri T. , Galván-Madrid R. , Louvet F. K. , Motte F. , Sanhueza P. , Stutz A. M. , Bally J. , Baug T. , Chen H.-R. V. , Cunningham N. , Fernández-López M. , Liu H.-L. , Lu X. , Nony T. , Valeille-Manet M. , Wu B. , Álvarez-Gutiérrez R. H. , Bonfand M. , Di Francesco J. , Nguyen-Luong Q. , Olguin F. , Whitworth A. P. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We present a catalog of 315 protostellar outflow candidates detected in SiO J = 5 − 4 in the ALMA-IMF Large Program, observed with ∼2000 au spatial resolution, 0.339 km s−1 velocity resolution, and 2–12 mJy beam−1 (0.18–0.8 K) sensitivity. We find median outflow masses, momenta, and kinetic energies of ∼0.3 M
⊙, 4 M
⊙ km s−1, and 1045 erg, respectively. Median outflow lifetimes are 6000 yr, yielding median mass, momentum, and energy rates of

M

̇

= 10−4.4
M
⊙ yr−1,

P

̇

= 10−3.2
M
⊙ km s−1 yr−1, and

E

̇

= 1 L
⊙. We analyze these outflow properties in the aggregate in each field. We find correlations between field-aggregated SiO outflow properties and total mass in cores (∼3σ–5σ), and no correlations above 3σ with clump mass, clump luminosity, or clump luminosity-to-mass ratio. We perform a linear regression analysis and find that the correlation between field-aggregated outflow mass and total clump mass—which has been previously described in the literature—may actually be mediated by the relationship between outflow mass and total mass in cores. We also find that the most massive SiO outflow in each field is typically responsible for only 15%–30% of the total outflow mass (60% upper limit). Our data agree well with the established mechanical force−bolometric luminosity relationship in the literature, and our data extend this relationship up to L ≥ 106
L
⊙ and

P

̇

≥ 1 M
⊙ km s−1 yr−1. Our lack of correlation with clump L/M is inconsistent with models of protocluster formation in which all protostars start forming at the same time.
Properties of Steady Sub-Alfvénic Solar Wind in Comparison with Super-Alfvénic Wind from Parker Solar Probe Measurements
Authors: Jiao Yiming , Liu Ying D. , Ran Hao , Cheng Wenshuai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We identify more than 10 steady sub-Alfvénic solar wind intervals from the measurements of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) from encounter 8 to encounter 14. An analysis of these sub-Alfvénic intervals reveals similar properties and similar origins. In situ measurements show that these intervals feature a decreased radial Alfvén Mach number resulting from a reduced density and a relatively low velocity, and that switchbacks are suppressed in these intervals. Magnetic source tracing indicates that these sub-Alfvénic streams generally originate from the boundaries inside coronal holes or narrow/small regions of open magnetic fields. Such properties and origins suggest that these streams are mostly low Mach-number boundary layers (LMBLs), which is a special component of the pristine solar wind proposed by Liu et al. We find that the LMBL wind, the fast wind from deep inside coronal holes, and the slow streamer wind constitute three typical components of the young solar wind near the Sun. In these sub-Alfvénic intervals, the Alfvén radius varies between 15 and 25 solar radii, in contrast with a typical 12 radii for the Alfvén radius of the super-Alfvénic wind. These results give a self-consistent picture interpreting the PSP measurements in the vicinity of the Sun.
Shock Excitation in Narrow-line Regions Powered by AGN Outflows
Authors: Mizumoto Misaki , Sameshima Hiroaki , Kobayashi Naoto , Matsunaga Noriyuki , Kondo Sohei , Hamano Satoshi , Yasui Chikako , Fukue Kei , Arai Akira , Kawakita Hideyo , Otsubo Shogo , Bono Giuseppe , Saviane Ivo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Outflows in an active galactic nucleus (AGN) are considered to play a key role in the evolution of the host galaxy through transfer of a large amount of energy. A narrow-line region (NLR) in the AGN is composed of ionized gas extending from parsec to kiloparsec scales. It has been suggested that shocks are required to ionize the NLR gas. If AGN outflows generate these shocks, they will sweep through the NLR, and the outflow energy will be transferred into a galaxy-scale region. In order to study the contribution of the AGN outflow to the NLR-scale shock, we measure the [Fe ii]λ12570/[P ii]λ11886 line ratio, which is a good tracer of shocks, using near-infrared spectroscopic observations with the Warm INfrared Echelle spectrograph to Realize Extreme Dispersion and sensitivity (WINERED) mounted on the New Technology Telescope. In 13 Seyfert galaxies we observed, the [Fe ii] and [P ii] lines were detected in 12 and 6 targets, respectively. The [Fe ii]/[P ii] ratios in 4 targets were found to be higher than 10, which implies the existence of shocks. We also found that the shock is likely to exist where an ionized outflow, i.e., a blue wing in [S iii]λ9533, is present. Our result implies that the ionized outflow present in an NLR-scale region sweeps through the interstellar medium and generates a shock.
Xicotli Data: a project to retrieve plant-bee interactions from citizen science
Authors: Barrios Juan , Bedolla-García Brenda , González-Vanegas Paola , Lira-Noriega Andrés , López-Enriquez Juan , Mérida-Rivas Jorge , Madrigal-González Daniel , Rodríguez Pilar , Rös Matthias , Vandame Remy , Sierra-Alcocer Raúl , Cultid-Medina Carlos 
Published: December 2023

Xicotli data is the short name given to the dataset generated within the project framework "Integration of Biodiversity Data for the Management and Conservation of Wild Bee-Plant Interactions in Mexico (2021-2023)", as xicotli is the generic word for a bee in Nahuatl. The team comprised eco-informaticians, ecologists and taxonomists of both native bees and flora. The generated dataset contains so far 4,532 curated records of the plants, which are potential hosts of species of three focal families of bees native to Mexico: Apidae, Halictidae and Megachilidae and morphological and ecological data of the plant-bee interactions. This dataset was integrated and mobilised from citizen observations available at naturalista.mx (iNat), which were compiled through the iNaturalist project.
The new information obtained with the Xicotli data project was:

Taxonomic information about bee species curated by taxonomists based on the information contained in iNaturalist;

Taxonomic identification of the host plants by a botanist from the photos compiled by the Xicotli Data project;

Data on the ecomorphological traits of bees and plants based on expert knowledge and literature.

Taxonomic information about bee species curated by taxonomists based on the information contained in iNaturalist;
Taxonomic identification of the host plants by a botanist from the photos compiled by the Xicotli Data project;
Data on the ecomorphological traits of bees and plants based on expert knowledge and literature.
All the data were integrated into the Xicotli Data Project via the creation of new “observation fields". The visibility of the information originally contained in iNaturalist was maximized and can be consulted directly on the iNaturalist platform.