bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automatic classification of hyperkinetic, tonic, and tonic-clonic seizures using unsupervised clustering of video signals
Authors: Ojanen Petri , Kertész Csaba , Morales Elizabeth , Rai Pragya , Annala Kaapo , Knight Andrew , Peltola Jukka 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThis study evaluated the accuracy of motion signals extracted from video monitoring data to differentiate epileptic motor seizures in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. 3D near-infrared video was recorded by the Nelli® seizure monitoring system (Tampere, Finland).Methods10 patients with 130 seizures were included in the training dataset, and 17 different patients with 98 seizures formed the testing dataset. Only seizures with unequivocal hyperkinetic, tonic, and tonic-clonic semiology were included. Motion features from the catch22 feature collection extracted from video were explored to transform the patients' videos into numerical time series for clustering and visualization.ResultsChanges in feature generation provided incremental discrimination power to differentiate between hyperkinetic, tonic, and tonic-clonic seizures. Temporal motion features showed the best results in the unsupervised clustering analysis. Using these features, the system differentiated hyperkinetic, tonic and tonic-clonic seizures with 91, 88, and 45% accuracy after 100 cross-validation runs, respectively. F1-scores were 93, 90, and 37%, respectively. Overall accuracy and f1-score were 74%.ConclusionThe selected features of motion distinguished semiological differences within epileptic seizure types, enabling seizure classification to distinct motor seizure types. Further studies are needed with a larger dataset and additional seizure types. These results indicate the potential of video-based hybrid seizure monitoring systems to facilitate seizure classification improving the algorithmic processing and thus streamlining the clinical workflow for human annotators in hybrid (algorithmic-human) seizure monitoring systems.
Routine laboratory parameters to support decision on parenteral nutrition in palliative care
Authors: Kum Lea , Zeilinger Elisabeth L. , Vohla Dagmar , Kitta Anna , Brunevskaya Nadine , Adamidis Feroniki , Ecker Franziska , Masel Eva K. , Mayr-Pirker Brigitte , Meyer Alexa L. , Sturtzel Bärbel , Kreye Gudrun , Unseld Matthias 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionParenteral nutrition (PN) is widely used in palliative care (PC), but there is limited evidence to support its use at the end of life (EOL). This aim of this was to investigate the relationship between routine laboratory parameters and survival in patients receiving PN, and to develop a decision tree model to support clinicians decide whether to start or forgo PN.MethodsThe laboratory parameters of 113 patients with advanced diseases who were admitted to a specialized palliative care unit (PCU) were analyzed at two points in time: T0 = before PN, T1 = two weeks after initiation of PN. Univariate Mann-Whitney U-tests and multivariate linear regression models, as well as a decision tree analysis were computed; all in relation to survival time.ResultsThe final regression model was significant with p = 0.001 (adjusted R2 = 0.15) and included two predictors for survival time after PN initiation: the CRP/albumin ratio and urea at T1 (ps = 0.019). Decision tree analysis revealed three important predictors for classification of survival time after PN initiation: CRP, urea, and LDH (all at T0).DiscussionThe decision tree model may help to identify patients likely to benefit from PN, thus supporting the clinical decision whether or not to start PN.
Statutory health insurance-covered pre-exposure prophylaxis in Germany: changing trends in nationwide tenofovir disoproxil/emtricitabine prescriptions during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Prins Henrieke , Dörre Achim , Schmidt Daniel 
Published: November 2023

Background: In 2019, Germany introduced a law to reimburse high-incidence populations for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), prescribed as tenofovir-disoproxil/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC), via statutory health insurance (SHI). We studied changes in TDF/FTC-prescriptions after the implementation of this law and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: We performed an interrupted time series analysis with monthly prescriptions per defined time period as the outcome. We considered the introduction of SHI-covered PrEP (09/2019) as an interruption, and four COVID-19 waves and two national lockdowns (2020–2021) as explanatory variables. We extrapolated prescriptions had the lockdowns not occurred, and compared this to the actual prescriptions. We performed sub-analyses based on stratification by five federal states with the highest proportion of PrEP users. We assessed the models’ goodness-of-fit based on the adjusted R-squared using RStudio.Results: The best fitting model included SHI-covered PrEP and the first COVID-19 lockdown (04/2020). The decrease in prescriptions during the first lockdown was significant nationally, and in the five federal states for single-month prescriptions. The first lockdown resulted in reductions of 57.7% (95% prediction interval (PI): 23.0%–92.4%) for single-month prescriptions, while 17.4% (95% PI: 0.28%–34.5%) nationally, and 13.9% (95% PI: -3.67%–31.5%) for 3-month prescriptions.Conclusion: Introduction of SHI-covered PrEP resulted in a doubling of TDF/FTC-prescriptions nationwide in the first month alone. A drop in prescriptions was most apparent after the first lockdown, and particularly affected PrEP initiations, possibly due to reduced healthcare access and behavioural changes. Ongoing monitoring of TDF/FTC-prescriptions is needed to safeguard access to preventative care such as PrEP and particularly PrEP initiation during public health crises like COVID-19.
Making meaning of trauma in psychosis
Authors: van Sambeek Nienke , Franssen Gaston , van Geelen Stefan , Scheepers Floortje 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundFinding new meaning and identity in the aftermath of trauma has been identified as a key process of mental health recovery. However, research indicates that this meaning-making process is compromised in people with psychosis. Considering the high prevalence, yet under-treatment of trauma in people with psychosis, it is urgent to gain insight into how their meaning-making process can be supported.AimTo gain insight into how people with psychosis make meaning of trauma and identify barriers and facilitators in their meaning-making process.MethodsQualitative inquiry of N = 21 interviews transcripts from the Dutch Psychiatry Storybank. We included interviews of people who (a) lived through multiple psychotic episodes, and (b) spontaneously addressed traumatic experiences in a low-structured interview. Storyline analysis was performed to gain insight into the meaning-making of trauma within their self-stories. Psychosocial conceptualizations of narrative identity were used to inform the analysis. A data-validation session with four experts-by-experience was organized to check and improve the quality of our analysis.ResultsWe identified four different story types: (1) Psychiatry as the wrong setting to find meaning; (2) The ongoing struggle to get trauma-therapy; (3) Exposure to trauma as a threat to a stable life, and (4) Disclosure as the key to resolving alienation. Each story type comprises a different plot, meaning of trauma withing the self-story, (lack of) integration and barriers and facilitators in the meaning-making process. Overall, barriers in the meaning-making process were mostly situated within mental healthcare and stigma-related. People felt particularly hindered by pessimistic ideas on their capacity to develop self-insight and cope with distress, resulting in limited treatment options. Their process of adaptive meaning-making often started with supportive, non-judgmental relationships with individuals or communities that offered them the safety to disclose trauma and motivated them to engage in a process of self-inquiry and growth.ConclusionThe outcomes illuminate the social context of the meaning-making challenges that people with psychosis face and illustrate the devastating influence of stigma. Our outcomes offer guidance to remove barriers to adaptive meaning-making in people with psychosis, and can help clinicians to attune to differences in the meaning-making of trauma.
Does frequent tea consumption provide any benefit to cognitive function in older adults? Evidence from a national survey from China in 2018
Authors: Wei Chen , Zhang Jiao , Chen Na , Xu Zhou , Tang Huang 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThis present study aims to investigate the effect of tea consumption on cognitive function and examine possible psychosocial mechanisms in older adults.Participants and methodsThe data of this study came from the 2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS), and a total of 11,910 valid samples were included. We used ordinary least squares (OLS) to explore whether frequent tea consumption had significant effect on the cognitive function of older people. The problem of endogeneity was addressed by using a propensity score matching (PSM). Then we further explored the psychosocial mechanisms of the effect using a stepwise regression approach.ResultsFrequent tea consumption produced a positive effect on Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score (coefficient = 0.340, p &lt; 0.01), and PSM showed similar results. Specifically, the positive effect of green tea (coefficient 0.409, p &lt; 0.01) was significantly greater than the other teas (coefficient 0.261, p &lt; 0.1). Moreover, frequent tea drinkers were 59.7, 74.8, and 81.8% less likely to have severe, moderate and mild cognitive impairment respectively, compared to infrequent tea drinkers (p &lt; 0.01). Levels of depression and sleep quality had partial mediation effect for frequent tea consumption on cognitive function, accounting for 27.6 and 3.5% of the total effect, respectively.ConclusionFrequent tea consumption was found to have beneficial effects on cognitive function, especially in older people with green tea intake. Sleep quality and levels of depression partially mediated the association between frequent tea consumption and cognitive function among Chinese older adults.
Global profiling of the proteome, phosphoproteome, and N-glycoproteome of protoscoleces and adult worms of Echinococcus granulosus
Authors: Wang Zhengrong , Jia Xinyue , Ma Jing , Zhang Yanyan , Sun Yan , Bo Xinwen 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionCystic echinococcosis (CE) is a chronic zoonosis caused by infection with the metacestode of the Echinococcus granulosus. A unique characteristic of E. granulosus protoscolex (PSC) is their ability to develop bidirectionally into an adult worm in the definitive host or a secondary hydatid cyst in the intermediate host. Furthermore, cestodes have a complex life cycle involving different developmental stages; however, the mechanisms underlying this development remain unknown. Several studies have demonstrated that certain matrix proteins undergo posttranslational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation and glycosylation, which have important regulatory effects on their functional properties.MethodsSystematic analyses of the proteome, phosphorylated modified proteome, and glycosylated modified proteome of protoscoleces (PSCs) and adult worms were performed using a proteomic strategy. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD043166.ResultsIn total, 6,407 phosphorylation sites and 1757 proteins were quantified. Of these, 2032 phosphorylation sites and 770 proteins were upregulated, and 2,993 phosphorylation sites and 1,217 proteins were downregulated in adult worms compared to PSCs. A total of 612 N-glycosylation sites were identified in the 392 N-glycoproteins. Of these, 355 N-glycosylation sites and 212 N-glycoproteins were quantified. Of these, 90 N-glycosylation sites and 64 N-glycoproteins were upregulated, and 171 N-glycosylation sites and 126 N-glycoproteins were downregulated in adult worms compared to PSCs. GO enrichment analysis indicated that the differentially expressed phosphoproteins were mainly enriched in the regulation of oxidoreduction coenzyme metabolic processes, myelin sheath, and RNA helicase activity, whereas the differentially expressed N-glycoproteins were enriched in the cellular response to unfolded proteins, endoplasmic reticulum lumen, and nucleic acid binding. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the differently expressed phosphoproteins were mainly enriched in RNA transport, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, HIF-1 signaling pathway and pyruvate metabolism. Differentially expressed N-glycoproteins were enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interactions, and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum.DiscussionTo our knowledge, this study is the first global phosphoproteomic and N-glycoproteomic analysis of E. granulosus, which provides valuable information on the expression characteristics of E. granulosus and provides a new perspective to elucidate the role of protein phosphorylation and N-glycosylation in the development of E. granulosus.
A ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest model with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rats: 8 minutes arrest time leads to increased myocardial damage but does not increase neuronal damage compared to 6 minutes
Authors: Stommel Alexandra-Maria , Högler Sandra , Mueller Matthias , Magnet Ingrid Anna Maria , Kodajova Petra , Ullram Benjamin , Szinovatz Alexander , Panzer Felix Paul , Engenhart-Seyrl Anna , Kaschmekat Julia , Schütz Tamara , Holzer Michael , Weihs Wolfgang 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionExtracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is an emerging strategy in highly selected patients with refractory cardiac arrest (CA). Animal models can help to identify new therapeutic strategies to improve neurological outcome and cardiac function after global ischemia in CA. Aim of the study was to establish a reproducible ECPR rat model of ventricular fibrillation CA (VFCA) that leads to consistent neuronal damage with acceptable long-term survival rates, which can be used for future research.Materials and methodsMale Sprague Dawley rats were resuscitated with ECPR from 6 min (n = 15) and 8 min (n = 16) VFCA. Animals surviving for 14 days after return of spontaneous resuscitation (ROSC) were compared with sham operated animals (n = 10); neurological outcome was assessed daily until day 14. In the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 region viable neurons were counted. Microglia and astrocyte reaction was assessed by Iba1 and GFAP immunohistochemistry, and collagen fibers in the myocardium were detected in Azan staining. QuPath was applied for quantification.ResultsOf the 15 rats included in the 6 min CA group, all achieved ROSC (100%) and 10 (67%) survived to 14 days; in the 8 min CA group, 15 (94%) achieved ROSC and 5 (31%) reached the endpoint. All sham animals (n = 10) survived 2 weeks. The quantity of viable neurons was significantly decreased, while the area displaying Iba1 and GFAP positive pixels was significantly increased in the hippocampus across both groups that experienced CA. Interestingly, there was no difference between the two CA groups regarding these changes. The myocardium in the 8 min CA group exhibited significantly more collagen fibers compared to the sham animals, without differences between 6- and 8-min CA groups. However, this significant increase was not observed in the 6 min CA group.ConclusionOur findings indicate a uniform occurrence of neuronal damage in the hippocampus across both CA groups. However, there was a decrease in survival following an 8-min CA. Consequently, a 6-min duration of CA resulted in predictable neurological damage without significant cardiac damage and ensured adequate survival rates up to 14 days. This appears to offer a reliable model for investigating neuroprotective therapies.
RELIC COMMUNITIES OF EMPETRUM NIGRUM L. (EMPETRACEA) IN THE BORZHAVSKY MASSIF (UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS): CURRENT STATE AND CONSERVATION PROSPECTS
Authors: Felbaba-Klushyna L. , Huklyvska A. 
Published: November 2023

Among the shrub communities of the highlands of the Ukrainian Carpathians, there are rare ones that are on the verge of extinction in the modern conditions of anthropopression and climate change. These are the primary creeping shrub communities of the class Loiseleurio procumbentis – Vaccinietea Eggler ex Schubert 1960. They are considered as relicts and require monitoring and special attention in order to preserve them. Such vegetation centers include communities of the association Empetro-Vaccinietum gaultherioides Br.-Br. In Br.-Br. et Jenny 1926 corr. Grabherr 1993, which were discovered in the Borzhava massif in the last few years. The article provides information on the modern distribution of this communities in the Ukrainian Carpathians in general, and on the Borzhav massif in particular, its species composition and structure, as well as the prospects for its preservation. It was found that since the middle of the last century, the area of the communities Empetro-Vaccinietum gaultherioides association has halved at least, and some species of vascular plants characteristic only for the highlands are no longer recorded here.
Climate changes manifested in the aridization of the air and disruption of the temporal and territorial distribution of the precipitation in the highlands, as well as the increased anthropogenic load due to uncontrolled tourism in the Borzhav massif, create threatening conditions for the development of Empetrum nigrum, which is on the verge of extinction here. The creation of the «Polonina Borzhava» Regional Landscape Park, which has been proposed by the authors for several years in a row, is urgent.
Qualidade e Segurança em Saúde. Políticas Públicas do 25 de abril até ao final do século XX
Authors: D´ Arrábida Cristina Martins 
Published: November 2023

A Revolução de abril de 1974 deu início ao período de democratização em Portugal. A Constituição da República Portuguesa (CRP), aprovada pela Assembleia Constituinte em 1976, estabeleceu pela primeira vez “O direito à protecção da saúde, realizado pela criação de um Serviço Nacional de Saúde…”, que veio a ser concretizado em 1979. O Ministério da Saúde só veio a ser criado em 1983. A Direção-Geral da Saúde foi extinta em 1984 e, de novo, criada em 1993. A Lei de Bases da Saúde, criada em 1990, estabeleceu pela primeira vez a proteção da saúde perspetivada não só como um direito, mas também como uma responsabilidade conjunta dos cidadãos, da sociedade e do Estado, em liberdade de procura e de prestação de cuidados. O início da abordagem da qualidade deu-se com a organização do Seminário Internacional Évaluation des services de soins de santé primaires (1985) e o início da história da qualidade, com a avaliação da qualidade (1993). Na segunda metade da década de 90, o Ministério da Saúde assumiu a qualidade como uma prioridade. A Qualidade, como prioridade, enquanto orientação estratégica, foi enquadrada na Primeira Estratégia de Saúde – “Saúde um Compromisso” (1998-2002), sendo assim definida pela primeira vez uma política de qualidade na saúde. Não obstante as atribuições da qualidade em saúde cometidas à Direção-Geral da Saúde a partir de 1993 e das medidas estabelecidas, foi criado o Instituto da Qualidade em Saúde em 1999.
Teachers As Researchers: Assessing Research Literacy Levels Among Pre-service Teachers in Nigerian Universities
Authors:   Nnamdi Azikiwe University,  Nigeria, Okoli Oluchukwu 
Published: November 2023

This study assessed the research literacy levels among pre-service teachers. The study adopted a descriptive design and sampled 297 pre-service teachers from two Nigerian South-eastern federal universities. Five research questions guided the study. Data was collected using a semi-structured question guide and a self-developed Research Literacy Test (RLT). Rasch model analysis established the unidimensionality and reliability of the research literacy test (RLT). Moreover, mean scores, standard deviations, t-tests and content analysis were used to answer the study research questions. The study findings showed that pre-service teachers' research literacy level was at the information literacy level. Significant differences were not found between males and females in their research literacy components except at the information level; males were generally more research literate than females. Finally, pre-service teachers indicated that they believe their faculties hold a positive disposition towards their acquisition of research literacy.	Keywords: Content Analysis, Gender, Information Literacy, Knowledge of Research Literacy, Pre-service Teachers, Rasch Model Analysis, Research Literacy, Statistical literacy
First Steps Toward the French Validation of the Memory Binding Test (fMBT): Adaptation, Convergent Validity and Application to Normal Aging
Authors: Mille Jordan , Magnon Valentin , Izaute Marie , Dutheil Frédéric , T. Vallet Guillaume 
Published: November 2023

Le test d’intégration mnésique (TIM) permet de repérer les atteintes débutantes de la mémoire. La nouveauté du test est de cibler l’intégration mnésique, processus précocement altéré dans la forme prodromale de la maladie d’Alzheimer. L’objectif de cette étude est d’adapter et valider en français ce test (fMBT) et d’explorer les effets de l’âge (16 jeunes adultes et 14 personnes âgées). Le fMBT présente une bonne à excellente validité convergente avec le RL/RI-16. La performance des jeunes adultes est supérieure à celle des personnes âgées pour presque tous les indices du fMBT. Le test est aussi sensible et spécifique que le RL/RI-16 pour distinguer les personnes âgées des jeunes adultes, mais le fMBT a l’avantage de ne pas produire d’effet plafond. Ce test pourrait donc servir à évaluer la mémoire d’adultes jeunes. Cette étude offre ainsi les premières étapes de la validation du fMBT. Il reste à déterminer si le fMBT permet bien de détecter des troubles subtiles de la mémoire.
The role of memory traces quality in directed forgetting: A comparison of young and older participants using the list procedure
Authors: Collette Fabienne , Grandjean Julien , Bastin Christine 
Published: November 2023

Des résultats divergents sont observés concernant la préservation de l’effet d’Oubli Dirigé (OD) dans le vieillissement normal lorsque la méthode liste est utilisée. La présente étude vise à examiner si les effets préservés d’oubli dirigé (OD) viennent de difficultés à mettre en place spontanément des stratégies d’encodage efficaces, ou peuvent être attribuées à des capacités d’inhibition à la récupération préservées. Nous prédisons qu’augmenter la force des traces mnésiques en favorisant un encodage profond de l’information sera associée à une atténuation des effets d’OD chez les personnes âgées par rapport à des participants jeunes, en lien avec leurs difficultés d’inhibition.	Quarante participants jeunes et 40 participants âgés ont été soumis à un paradigme d’oubli dirigé de type liste, avec deux conditions d’encodage : standard et enrichi (temps de présentation plus long et proposition de stratégies mnémotechniques). Les effets attendus de l’âge, de la condition d’encodage et du type d’item ont été observés (p < 0.05). Lorsque les performances des participants âgés dans la condition d’encodage enrichi sont comparées à celles des jeunes dans la condition standard, les résultats sont très similaires entre les groupes, ce qui est en contradiction avec notre hypothèse initiale. Discussion. Ces résultats ne plaident pas en faveur d’une réduction des mécanismes inhibiteurs associés à l’OD chez les personnes âgées mais s’interprètent plutôt en lien avec les différences de mémoire épisodique entre les groupes.