bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic multidimensional smoothing using Bayesian tensor product P-splines
Authors: Bach Paul , Klein Nadja 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We introduce a highly efficient fully Bayesian approach for anisotropic multidimensional smoothing. The main challenge in this context is the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) update of the smoothing parameters as their full conditional posterior comprises a pseudo-determinant that appears to be intractable at first sight. As a consequence, existing implementations are computationally feasible only for the estimation of two-dimensional tensor product smooths, which is, however, too restrictive for many applications. In this paper, we break this barrier and derive closed-form expressions for the log-pseudo-determinant and its first and second order partial derivatives. These expressions are valid for arbitrary dimension and very fast to evaluate, which allows us to set up an efficient MCMC sampler with derivative-based Metropolis–Hastings (MH) updates for the smoothing parameters. We derive simple formulas for low-dimensional slices and averages to facilitate visualization and investigate hyperprior sensitivity. We show that our new approach outperforms previous suggestions in the literature in terms of accuracy, scalability and computational cost and demonstrate its applicability through an illustrating temperature data example from spatio-temporal statistics.
Perceptual QP optimization for VVC with dual hybrid neural networks
Authors: Ruiz Atencia Javier , López Granado Otoniel Mario , Pérez Malumbres Manuel , Martínez-Rach Miguel Onofre 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper introduces a dual hybrid neural network model combining convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) to optimize the quantization parameter (QP) for both

$$64\times 64$$

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and

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blocks in the versatile video coding (VVC) standard, enhancing video quality and compression efficiency. The model employs CNNs for spatial feature extraction and ANNs for structured data handling, addressing the limitations of current heuristic and just noticeable distortion (JND)-based methods. A dataset of luminance channel image blocks, encoded with various QP values, is generated and preprocessed, and the dual hybrid network structure is designed with convolutional and dense layers. The QP optimization is applied at two levels: the

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model provides a global QP offset, while the

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model refines the QP for further partitioned blocks. Performance evaluations using model error metrics like mean squared error (MSE), root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), as well as perceptual metrics like weighted PSNR (WPSNR), MS-SSIM, PSNR-HVS-M, and VMAF, demonstrate the model’s effectiveness. While our approach performs competitively with state-of-the-art algorithms, it significantly outperforms in VMAF, the most advanced and widely adopted perceptual quality metric. Furthermore, the dual-model approach yields better results at lower resolutions, whereas the single-model approach is more effective at higher resolutions. These results highlight the adaptability of the proposed models, offering improvements in both compression efficiency and perceptual quality, making them highly suitable for practical applications in modern video coding.
Toxicity and bioconcentration of bisphenol A alternatives in the freshwater pulmonate snail Planorbella pilsbryi
Authors: Gilroy Ève A. M. , Robichaud Karyn , Villella Maria , Chan Kara , McNabney David W. G. , Venier Carmen , Pham-Ho Victor , Montreuil Strub Émilie C. , Ravary Shelby A. , Prosser Ryan S. , Robinson Stacey A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical identified as a vertebrate endocrine disruptor. Numerous alternatives have been developed, for which toxicity data are lacking. The present study assessed the toxicity of BPA and its replacement products bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol AF (BPAF) in freshwater snail (Planorbella pilsbryi) embryos and adults. The chronic toxicity of BPA and BPAF was further characterized in 28-day tests with adult snails, followed by 21-day assessments of hatching and survival of embryos produced at the end of the test (F1 generation). In acute tests, BPAF was the most toxic of the substances tested (maximum acceptable toxicant concentration [MATC], 136 µg/L), followed by BPA (MATC, 1404 µg/L), BPF (MATC, 1525 µg/L), and BPS (MATC > 8590 µg/L). In the chronic test with BPA, although we observed no significant effects on adult snails up to 479 µg/L, the hatching and survival of juveniles from the F1 generation decreased (MATC, 13 µg/L), and was delayed by 7.5 days, on average. In contrast, we did not observe any decrease in hatching or survival of juveniles from the F1 generation during exposure to BPAF. Effects were observed at concentrations above most reported environmental exposure concentrations, although there was an overlap between exposure and effect concentrations. Given that concentrations of alternative substances are expected to increase, and in the absence of data on potential effects of mixtures, further research is needed.
Trust and care robots: philosophical considerations, ethical challenges, and viable options
Authors: Kropf Mario 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article presents a new moral idea of trust, which seems appropriate when dealing with care robots. When we trust our counterpart, an ambivalent relationship emerges. This is often assumed, at least in the professional debate, because the person who places this trust enters a relationship of dependence and thereby also takes a risk. At the same time, due to the given trust, there is a good reason that the respective addressee will do everything not to compromise this assumed security, sincerity, and trustworthiness. This article first examines the concept of trust and derives a moral approach for application in the context of care robots. These machines are increasingly finding their way into the care sector and can support people receiving care, mobilize them, or monitor health conditions. Nevertheless, it seems more than doubtful whether AI-based robots can be trusted at all. For this reason, in a second step, numerous studies and works are examined which not only present the integration and interaction with care robots in real settings, but also allow a better understanding of the connection to the presented moral idea of trust. This is followed by an ethical discussion of the opportunities and risks of care robots, which should help to illustrate the problems of a trusting relationship with them. An ethically justifiable approach to these robot companions and trust as an important component in the sense of the idea presented seem reasonable.
Discussions on Human Enhancement Meet Science: A Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Żuradzki Tomasz , Bystranowski Piotr , Dranseika Vilius 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The analysis of citation flow from a collection of scholarly articles might provide valuable insights into their thematic focus and the genealogy of their main concepts. In this study, we employ a topic model to delineate a subcorpus of 1,360 papers representative of bioethical discussions on enhancing human life. We subsequently conduct an analysis of almost 11,000 references cited in that subcorpus to examine quantitatively, from a bird’s-eye view, the degree of openness of this part of scholarship to the specialized knowledge produced in biosciences. Although almost half of the analyzed references point to journals classified as Natural Science and Engineering (NSE), we do not find strong evidence of the intellectual influence of recent discoveries in biosciences on discussions on human enhancement. We conclude that a large part of the discourse surrounding human enhancement is inflected with “science-fictional habits of mind.” Our findings point to the need for a more science-informed approach in discussions on enhancing human life.
Age-related sensitivity deterioration evaluation of positron emission tomography utilizing cross-calibration factor measurement data
Authors: Kikuchi Asuka , Watanuki Shoichi , Watabe Hiroshi , Tashiro Manabu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Age-related deterioration in positron emission tomography (PET) systems can be monitored using cross-calibration scans for scanner calibration. This study aimed to evaluate changes in the sensitivity of a PET system over time using routinely collected cross-calibration factor (CCF) measurement data and NEMA sensitivity measurement data acquired at our facility. We used CCF measurement data acquired over eight years, from 2016 to 2023. The count rates were calculated from raw data. The NEMA sensitivity measurements were also performed in 2017 and 2024 to compare with the sensitivities obtained from the CCF measurements. The PET images were reconstructed using the CCF data. A region of interest (ROI) was placed at the center of the PET images and count rates from the PET images were obtained. The sensitivity changes in the CCF data showed a linear decrease in sensitivity over eight years, with a mean annual reduction rate of approximately 2.0%. A comparison of the NEMA sensitivity measurements indicated a decrease in sensitivity, with a 12% reduction over eight eight years. The sensitivity was higher at the center of the axial field of view than at the edges. The ROI data also showed a linear decrease in sensitivity. This is consistent with the CCF data. Additionally, the coefficient of variation increased towards the edge of the slice. By utilizing the CCF measurement data, we obtained age-related changes in the PET system, suggesting that the PET system used in our facility may experience an annual sensitivity deterioration of approximately 2.0%.
Training for Mindfulness Teachers: Benefits for Mindfulness, Well-being, and Emotion Regulation
Authors: Matiz Alessio , Chiesa Alberto , D’Antoni Fabio , Barbieri Rachele , Crescentini Cristiano 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
This study examined the effects of a 9-month mindfulness teacher training (MTT) program on mindfulness skills, emotion regulation, and psychological well-being among future mindfulness instructors, compared to a control group.

Method
Eighty-seven mindfulness instructors-in-training participated in the MTT program. The control group consisted of age- and gender-matched individuals. Mindfulness skills, emotion regulation, and psychological well-being were assessed at baseline, mid-intervention, and post-intervention using validated measures.

Results
In comparison with the control group, participants in the MTT group showed significant improvements in most facets of mindfulness (i.e., observe, describe, non-react, and act with awareness). They also reported decreased rumination, as well as increased personal growth and purpose in life compared to the control group. However, there were no significant differences between the groups in other dimensions of emotion regulation or psychological well-being.

Conclusions
This study provides preliminary evidence that mindfulness teacher trainings positively affect mindfulness skills, as well as specific aspects of psychological well-being (personal growth and purpose in life), and emotion regulation (rumination). Future research should investigate the long-term effects of these trainings and how instructors’ well-being relates to their teaching effectiveness.

Preregistration
This study is not preregistered.
Experimental study to evaluate the impact of bubble defects on the interfacial bonding properties of the self-compacting concrete filling layer
Authors: Jiang Wei , Xie Youjun , Ni Yi-Qing , Wang Su-Mei , Fu Qiang , Liu He , Li Ning , Li Wenxu , Long Guangcheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The current technical standards primarily relied on experience to judge the interfacial bonding properties between the self-compacting concrete filling layer and the steam-cured concrete precast slab in CRTS III slab ballastless track structure. This study sought to enhance technical standards for evaluating interfacial bonding properties by suggesting the use of the splitting tensile strength to evaluate the impact of bubble defects. Specimens were fabricated through on-site experiment. The percent of each area of 6 cm2 or more bubble defect was 0 in most of specimens. When the cumulative area of all bubble defects reached 12%, the splitting tensile strength value was 0.67 MPa, which exceeded the minimum required value of 0.5 MPa for ensuring bonding interface adhesion. Furthermore, when the cumulative area of all bubble defects reached 8%, the splitting tensile strength value was 0.85 MPa, which exceeded the minimum required value of 0.8 MPa, thereby overcoming the negative impact of each area of 10 cm2 or more bubble defect. Additionally, keeping the cumulative area of each area of 6 cm2 or more bubble defect below 6% ensured adequate bonding strength and reduced the occurrence of specimens with lower splitting tensile strength values.
Sleep Across the Lifespan: A Neurobehavioral Perspective
Authors: Simon Katharine C. , Cadle Chelsea , Shuster Alessandra E. , Malerba Paola 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Sleep is dynamic across the lifespan, influenced by brain maturation, neurophysiology, hormones, and cognitive processes. Sleep behaviors influenced by physiological and external factors can also impact sleep health. As sleep plays a mechanistic role in health across the lifespan, understanding when and how to intervene to benefit health is essential.

Recent Findings
Recent research has advanced our understanding of sleep across three domains: patterns, neurophysiology, and behaviors. Highlights include (1) Early childhood nap cessation is thought to relate to medial temporal lobe network maturation and underlie long-term hippocampal-dependent memory development. (2) Chronotype misalignment is a key factor in sleep deficits and social jetlag. (3) Older adult daytime sleep has complex effects on health, at times beneficial while others, potentially maladaptive. (4) Longitudinal sleep oscillation trajectories are starting to be investigated and indicate neurophysiology could be interpreted as indicative of brain maturation in development. (5) In adults, sleep quality and macrostructure trajectories show high variability, emphasizing distinctive traits in shaping sleep and its lifespan trajectories. (6) Neighborhood and socioeconomic factors influence sleep health across all ages. (7) In older adults, associations between loneliness and poor sleep are being unpacked.

Summary
This recent research, while comprehensively describing our current understanding of sleep trajectories across the lifespan, emphasizes the need to expand current approaches to longitudinal measurement studies that cross age-spans. Expanding will enhance our ability to mechanistically determine the temporal and causal relations between the multiple dimensions of sleep (i.e., patterns, behaviors, and physiology) and outcomes in sleep health.
Laparoscopic-assisted colostomy with anorectal malformation: friend or foe?
Authors: Barros Ana Isabel , Correia Mário Rui , Cagigal Jorge , Carvalho Fátima , Carvalho Catarina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The standard management of anorectal malformations (ARM) without perineal fistula involves fecal diversion via a sigmoid colostomy. This report aims to describe our initial experience and evaluate the feasibility and benefits of laparoscopically-assisted loop colostomy in a neonate with ARM without perineal fistula, addressing the question of whether this minimally invasive approach offers advantages over traditional open techniques.

Methods
We report the case of a full-term male newborn with an imperforate anus. A laparoscopic-assisted loop colostomy was performed on the second day of life. Three trocars were used: a 5 mm umbilical port for the laparoscope and two 3 mm ports on the flanks. The surgical technique, including trocar placement, bowel mobilization, stoma creation, and closure, is described. The postoperative course and long-term outcomes were monitored over 17 months, including subsequent anorectoplasty and stoma closure.

Results
The laparoscopic approach provided superior visualization of pelvic anatomy, enabling accurate identification of the fistula and optimal stoma placement. Postoperatively, the patient exhibited early stoma function, rapid recovery, and no complications such as urinary tract infections or stomal issues. Follow-up procedures, including anorectoplasty and colostomy closure, were performed without incident. The patient remains healthy and complication-free at 17 months of age

Conclusion
Laparoscopic-assisted colostomy offers distinct advantages over the open technique, including reduced complications, improved recovery, and favorable cosmetic outcomes. This minimally invasive method represents a promising alternative for ARM management, aligning with modern pediatric surgical advancements.
Tandem-repeat modules in phytopathogenic effectors driver their evolution and diversification
Authors: Li Hui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Plant pathogens deliver effector proteins into both the host apoplast and host cells. These effectors function to colonize the host typically by altering host physiology or by subverting plant immune responses. The host plants have evolved intracellular nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) immunoreceptors that directly or indirectly recognize specific effector(s) to trigger plant immunity that prevents colonization. To circumvent effector-triggered immunity, adapted pathogens rely on constantly effectors evolution to further enhance susceptible host colonization. During the past few years, evidence has arisen that many effectors containing tandem repeat modules are particularly prone to rapid evolution through module insertion/deletion/shuffling, point mutations or adoption of other function domains. In this review, we highlight the diverse function of two modular effectors: TAL effectors in prokaryotic bacteria, (L) WY effectors in eukaryotic oomycetes, focus on new insights and the potential role of modularity in effector evolution, and discuss avenues for future research.
Improving ice plant efficiency with Al2O3 nanoparticles and evaporative cooling techniques
Authors: Aher Nitin S. , Gurnani Umesh , Dhamande Laxmikant S. , Bornare Rakhi , Hamilton Anurag 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study focuses on reducing energy consumption in vapor compression refrigeration-based ice plants by incorporating nanoparticle in secondary refrigerants and evaporative cooling technique. Experimental evaluations were performed on a test rig using brine and ethylene glycol as secondary refrigerants. Results showed that brine outperformed glycol, reducing ice formation time by 15% when combined with evaporative cooling. Further enhancement was achieved by incorporating Al2O3 nanoparticles into the brine, which, combined with direct evaporative cooling, reduced ice formation time by 20% compared to glycol. The improved system demonstrated significant performance gains, lowering energy costs and enhancing the Coefficient of Performance (COP).
Towards an EU Charter of Digital Patients’ Rights in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: van Kolfschooten Hannah 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The rapid advancement of digital health innovation, including Artificial Intelligence (AI), is transforming healthcare. The growing role the European Union (EU) plays in regulating the use of AI in healthcare renders national laws insufficient to safeguard patients from unique AI-related risks. This underscores the urgent need for the recognition of a canon of patients’ rights in the scope of EU law. This paper proposes the blueprint for an EU Charter for Digital Patients’ Rights, consolidating and adapting existing rights for patients to address these specific challenges. Traditional patients’ rights such as the right to privacy and the right to informed consent are interpreted in light of the challenges posed by AI. It also proposes novel rights for patients, such as the right not to be subject to automated medical decision-making and the right to meaningful human contact. This paper highlights the EU’s central role in protecting patients’ rights and outlines strategies for effective implementation. This comprehensive approach aims to address the current shortcomings and enhance the legal framework governing digital health in Europe.
Implications of plastic pollution on global carbon cycle
Authors: Yao Lifen , Zhao Shaoyan , Tremblay Louis A. , Wang Weiping , LeBlanc Gerald A. , AN Lihui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Plastic pollution represents a critical global issue. Massive plastic waste in the environment poses significant threats to ecosystems and human health while also negatively impacting carbon cycles through multiple pathways. In particular, the global carbon cycle is disrupted by the carbon budget imbalance, primarily due to the excessive production of fossil-based plastics in past years. Meanwhile, microplastics and nanoplastics resulting from the degradation and fragmentation of plastic waste in the environment also have significant implications for the carbon cycle within both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, the leaching of plastic additives from plastics not only contributes organic carbon to the environment but also poses significant adverse effects on the growth and development of various organisms. Therefore, developing innovative and comprehensive strategies to mitigate plastic pollution is imperative. This initiative should involve the development of effective policies and the application of advanced technologies, including strategies to close both the plastic loop and the carbon loop.

Graphical Abstract
Geometrization of the Satake transform for mod p Hecke algebras
Authors: Cass Robert , Xu Yujie 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe geometrize the mod p Satake isomorphism of Herzig and Henniart–Vignéras using Witt vector affine flag varieties for reductive groups in mixed characteristic. We deduce this as a special case of a formula, stated in terms of the geometry of generalized Mirković–Vilonen cycles, for the Satake transform of an arbitrary parahoric mod p Hecke algebra with respect to an arbitrary Levi subgroup. Moreover, we prove an explicit formula for the convolution product in an arbitrary parahoric mod p Hecke algebra. Our methods involve the constant term functors inspired from the geometric Langlands program, and we also treat the case of reductive groups in equal characteristic. We expect this to be a first step toward a geometrization of a mod p Local Langlands Correspondence.