bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of high‐dose methotrexate on the hemostatic system in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Totan Mehmet , Dagdemir Ayhan , Ak Ali Riza , Albayrak Davut , Kucukoduk Sukru 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundTromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications are significant causes of death in patients with malignancy. These are well‐known with the use of certain drugs. This study was planned to investigate whether there was any effect of high‐dose methotrexate on the hemostatic system in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.ProcedureTo evaluate the hemostatic system, we investigated coagulation screening tests (prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen), coagulation inhibitors (protein C, protein S, and antithrombin III), and fibrinolytic system (fibrin degradation products and tissue plasminogen activator). These parameters were measured in 35 cycles of high dose‐methotrexate (3 g/m2) of 20 childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases at baseline and on days 1 and 7 after the therapy.ResultsWe found that high‐dose methotrexate administration adversely affected both the coagulation system (prolonged prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time and decreased fibrinogen levels) and coagulation inhibitors (decreased protein C, protein S, antithrombin III) on day 1 after chemotherapy compared to the baseline values. The hemostatic parameters began to improve on day 7 after chemotherapy, except for fibrin degradation products. Tissue plasminogen activator levels were not changed with the therapy.ConclusionsCoagulation cascade (prolonged prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time and decreased fibrinogen) and coagulation inhibitors (decreased protein C, protein S, and antithrombin III levels) have been found to be affected by high‐dose methotrexate therapy, but these transient changes did not cause clinical thromboembolic or hemorrhagic complications. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 36:429–433, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Outcome of high‐risk neuroblastoma using a dose intensity approach: Improvement in initial but not in long‐term results
Authors: Castel Victoria , Cañete A. , Navarro S. , García‐Miguel P. , Melero C. , Acha T. , Navajas A. , Badal M.D. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundStage 4 and MYCN amplified (MNA) neuroblastoma in children have a poor prognosis. Our aim was to increase initial and long‐term reponse in this population.ProcedureHigh‐risk children were studied according to the International Neuroblastoma Staging System, then treated with high‐dose cyclophosphamide and high‐dose carboplatin, followed by surgery and autologous stem cell transplant or maintenance chemotherapy.ResultsFrom June 1992 to December 1998, 83 children were admitted in the study (72 stage 4> 1 year, 5 stage 4 MNA infants, and 6 MNA stage 3 children); tumor tissue was obtained from 73, MYCN was performed in 65, being amplified in 21 (32%). Induction chemotherapy was administered in the expected time in 35% of patients. Its toxicity was mainly hematologic followed by infections, and there were 3 chemotherapy‐related deaths. Delayed surgery was performed on 60 patients with complete or >90% resection in 80% of cases. Chemotherapy plus surgery produced some response in 90% of patients, 53% were in CR/VGPR; 49 children received autologous SCT, and 16 received maintenance chemotherapy for 9 months. Follow‐up ranges are 1–87 months, mean 30 months. S and EFS at 4 years are 0.33 (SD 0.02).ConclusionsHigh‐dose cyclophosphamide and high‐dose carboplatin are effective in the initial treatment of neuroblastoma; combined with surgery they produce some response in most patients. Nevertheless, the CR/VGPR rate reaches only 53%. Survival time has also been prolonged but most patients relapse with metastases. Med Pediatr Oncol 2001;37:537–542. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
17O NMR spectra of some butyltin(IV) acetates
Authors: Lyčka Antonín , Holeček Jaroslav 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe 17O NMR spectra of 17O isotope‐enriched tributyltin(IV) acetate (1) and dibutyltin(IV) diacetate (2) were recorded in various solvents over wide temperature ranges. Only a single 17O signal was observed for both oxygen atoms of the —COOSn—groups under these experimental conditions, in both non‐coordinating and coordinating solvents. The 17O NMR spectra of tert‐butyl acetate (3) were obtained for comparison. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimizing HMQC for ISn spin systems
Authors: Xiang Bosong , Winemiller Mark D. , Briggs Timothy F. , Fuller David J. , Collum David B. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA general analysis of the HMQC experiment for ISn nuclear spin systems is described. The optimal condition for setting up the HMQC experiment was derived. At this optimal condition, the expected HMQC signal was maximized and unwanted signals were satisfactorily reduced. The result was confirmed with the HMQC spectra of an organolithium compound. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
GIAO/DFT calculated chemical shifts of tautomeric species. 2‐Phenacylpyridines and (Z)‐2‐(2‐hydroxy‐2‐phenylvinyl)pyridines
Authors: Ośmiałowski Borys , Kolehmainen Erkki , Gawinecki Ryszard 
Published: August 2002

Abstract1H, 13C and 15N NMR chemical shifts for 28 substituted 2‐phenacylpyridines (ketimine forms) and their enolimine tautomers, (Z)‐2‐(2‐hydroxy‐2‐phenylvinyl)pyridines, were calculated via the GIAO/DFT approach. Among four tested methods at the B3LYP level of theory, the 6–311G, 6–311++G and 6–311G** basis sets gave acceptable result for 13C NMR chemical shifts whereas the 6–311++G** basis set was the minimum needed for reproduction of 15N NMR chemical shifts. Satisfactory reproduction of 13C and 15N NMR chemical shifts for different tautomers revealed that intramolecular hydrogen bonding could be modeled reliably by these calculations when the geometry optimizations were done with the HF/3–21G method. Agreements between theoretical and experimental 13C and 15N NMR chemical shifts and also HF/3–21G and HF/6–31G** optimized structural parameters with those obtained by x‐ray crystallographic measurements suggests that it is not necessary to select too sophisticated and CPU time‐intensive methods for geometry optimizations. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proton chemical shifts in NMR: Part 17. Chemical shifts in alkenes and anisotropic and steric effects of the double bond
Authors: Abraham Raymond J. , Canton Marcos , Griffiths Lee 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe 1H NMR spectra of a number of alkenes of known geometry were recorded in CDCl3 solution and assigned, namely ethylene, propene, 4‐methylcyclohexene, 1,4‐dimethylcyclohexene, methylene cyclohexane (in CFCl3–CD2Cl2 at 153 K), 5‐methylene‐2‐norbornene, camphene, bicyclopentadiene, styrene and 9‐vinylanthracene. These results together with literature data for other alkenes, i.e. 1,3‐ and 1,4‐cyclohexadiene, norbornene, norbornadiene, bicyclo[2.2.2]oct‐2‐ene and α‐ and β‐pinene, and other data allowed the determination of the olefinic shielding in these molecules. The shielding was analysed in terms of the magnetic anisotropy and steric effects of the double bond together with a model (CHARGE7) for the calculation of the two‐ and three‐bond electronic effects. For the aromatic alkenes ring current and π‐electron effects were included. This analysis showed that the double bond shielding arises from both anisotropic and steric effects. The anisotropy is due to the perpendicular term only with a value of Δχ(CC) of −12.1 × 10−6cm3mol−1. There is also a steric deshielding term of 82.5/r6 (r in Å). The shielding along the π‐axis changes sign from shielding at long range (>2.5 Å) to deshielding at short range (<2 Å). The model gives the first comprehensive calculation of the shielding of the alkene group. For the data set considered (172 proton chemical shifts) ranging from δ=0.48 to 8.39, the r.m.s. error of observed vs calculated shifts was 0.11 ppm. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structure of a new isobenzofuranone derivative from Nigella sativa Linn
Authors: Joshi B. S. , Singh K. L. , Roy Raja 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe seeds of Nigella sativa Linn contain a new isobenzofuranone derivative, 5‐hydroxy‐2,2‐dimethyl‐2,8‐dihydro‐6H‐furo[3,4‐g]chromen‐6‐one (1), obtained from the CHCl3 extract. Complete 1H and 13C assignments of the compound were carried out using one‐dimensional steady‐state difference NOE together with HMQC and HMBC experiments. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complete analysis of the 1H NMR spectra of bicyclo[3.2.0]hept‐2‐en‐6‐one and the 7,7‐dimethyl, 7,7‐dichloro and 7‐endo‐chloro derivatives
Authors: Abraham Raymond J. , Bedford Geoffrey R. , Canton Marcus , Leonard Paul 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe proton spectra of bicyclo[3.2.0]hept‐2‐en‐6‐one and the 7,7‐dimethyl, 7,7‐dichloro and 7‐endo‐chloro derivatives were analysed and the chemical shifts and coupling constants are reported. Molecular modelling and chemical shift calculations together with the observed couplings show that only minor conformational changes occur on substitution. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydroacridines: Part 23.1H and 13C NMR spectra of sym‐octahydroacridine, its 9‐(3‐pyridyl) and 9‐(4‐pyridyl) derivatives and the corresponding N(10)‐oxides. An experimental approach to the diamagnetic anisotropy of the pyridine nucleus
Authors: Potmischil Francisc , Deleanu Călin , Marinescu Maria , Gheorghiu Mircea D. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe complete 1H NMR chemical shift assignments of 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8‐octahydroacridine (1), 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8‐octahydro‐9‐(3‐pyridyl)acridine (2), 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8‐octahydro‐9‐(4‐pyridyl)acridine (3) and the corresponding N(10)‐oxides 1a, 2a and 3a, respectively, were achieved on the basis of 400 MHz 1H NMR spectra and proton–proton decoupling, HMQC and NOEDIFF experiments. The spectral data for the above compounds provided the first experimental evidence of the difference in the anisotropy effect of the two non‐symmetrical moieties of the pyridine nucleus, and allowed us to ascertain that the shielding effect of the moiety defined by the C(2′)—N—C(6′) atoms is weaker than that of the C(3′)—C(4′)—C(5′) moiety. The 13C NMR spectra of 1–3 and 1a–3a and the effect of N(10)‐oxidation on the 13C NMR chemical shifts are also discussed. The N‐oxidation of 2 and 3 with m‐chloroperbenzoic acid occurred regiospecifically, affording the N(10)‐oxides 2a and 3a free of N(1′)‐oxide isomers. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A estradiol‐17β receptor in the reproductive system of the female of Octopus vulgaris: Characterization and immunolocalization
Authors: Cosmo Anna Di , Di Cristo Carlo , Paolucci Marina 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this study, for the first time we have identified an estradiol‐17β receptor (ER) in the reproductive system of the female of Octopus vulgaris. Scatchard analysis revealed that one binding component with high affinity and low capacity for the ligand was present in the cytosol, but not in the nuclear extract of the ovary and the oviduct. A steroid specificity competition assay showed that 3H‐estradiol‐17β binding activity showed a preference for estradiol‐17β. DNA‐cellulose chromatography confirmed the presence of one 3H‐estradiol‐17β binding component. By using antibodies anti ER (578‐595), we have localized by Western blotting one band of about 70 kDa. ER immunoreactivity has been localized in the nuclei of the follicle cells of the ovary, in the nuclei of the epithelium lining the proximal portion of the oviduct and in the nuclei, and in the cytoplasm of the inner region of the oviducal gland and in the cytoplasm of the outer region of the oviducal gland. These data, taken together, provide evidence that in Octopus vulgaris the ER has biochemical and immunohistochemical characteristics resembling those of ER in vertebrates.Mol. Reprod. Dev. 61: 367–375, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
DNA topoisomerase II distribution in mouse preimplantation embryos
Authors: St. Pierre Jason , Wright David J. , Rowe Thomas C. , Wright Shirley J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractDNA topoisomerase II (topo II) is an essential enzyme that mediates a variety of chromosome activities including DNA replication, transcription, recombination, and chromosome condensation and segregation. Isoform‐specific anti‐topo II antibodies were used to determine the distribution of topo II α and β in mouse gametes and embryos. Immunoblot analysis with two anti‐topo IIα antibodies revealed that a 170 kDa topo IIα band was present in ovary and testis. Mature sperm exhibited an 89 kDa band only, which may be a degradation product of topo IIα. Immunoblots probed with a monoclonal antibody that recognizes both isoforms, showed bands at 170 and 180 kDa, which correspond to topo IIα and β, respectively. An additional 100 kDa band was also present in ovary and testis. Mature sperm did not exhibit staining with this antibody. We also localized topo II in mouse gametes and embryos up to the blastocyst stage using immunofluorescence microscopy. While both isoforms were found in nuclei and nucleoli of germinal vesicle oocytes, topo IIα localized to metaphase chromosomes during meiosis, and only to nucleoli during embryonic interphase. Topo IIβ was absent from chromosomes of metaphase II oocytes, but localized to embryonic interphase nuclei. Both full‐length isoforms were absent from sperm, indicating topo II is stored maternally. These results identify topo II as an important component of mouse oocyte and embryonic chromatin, and suggest its involvement in oocyte maturation and preimplantation embryonic development. The different immunofluorescent staining patterns indicate topo IIα and β may serve different roles during the embryonic cell cycle. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 61: 335–346, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association of MPF, MAPK, and nuclear progression dynamics during activation of young and aged bovine oocytes*
Authors: Tian X. Cindy , Lonergan Patrick , Jeong Being‐Seon , Evans Alexander C.O. , Yang Xiangzhong 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe have previously shown that bovine oocytes parthenogenetically activated after 40 hours (hr) of in vitro maturation proceed through the cell cycle faster than those after 20 hr of maturation. In the present study, we used this model of different speed of nuclear progression to investigate the correlation of two hallmarks of nuclear events, exit of metaphase arrest and pronuclear formation, with dynamics of MPF and MAPK. Bovine oocytes were matured in vitro for 20 hr (young) or 40 hr (aged) and activated in 7% ethanol followed by incubation in cycloheximide for 0, 0.5, 1, 3, 5, or 7 hr. Activity of MPF and MAPK was lower in aged than young oocytes. The responses to oocyte activation by both the two kinases and nuclear progression were faster in aged than in young oocytes. The activity of MPF declined to undetectable levels (P < 0.05) as early as 0.5 hr after activation in aged oocytes, while this did not happen in young oocytes until 3 hr after activation. The inactivation of MAPK occurred approximately 2 hr earlier in aged oocytes (5 hr post‐activation) than in young oocytes (7 hr post‐activation). Furthermore, the decline in MPF activity preceded that of MAPK in both young and aged oocytes by about 2 hr. The decrease in activity of MPF and MAPK corresponded with the exit from meiosis and pronuclei formation regardless of the speed of nuclear progression. Despite dramatic changes in activity of MPF and MAPK, the levels of Cdc2 and Erk2 proteins were unchanged (P > 0.05) during the first 7 hr of activation. These observations suggest that inactivation of MPF and MAPK are pre‐requisite for the release from metaphase arrest and formation of pronuclei in bovine oocytes. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 62: 132‐138, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Betaine is a highly effective organic osmolyte but does not appear to be transported by established organic osmolyte transporters in mouse embryos
Authors: Hammer Mary‐Anne , Baltz Jay M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBetaine protects early preimplantation mouse embryos against increased osmolarity in vitro, functioning as an organic osmolyte. Betaine is effective at very low external concentrations, with half‐maximal protection of 1‐cell embryo development to blastocysts at approximately 50 μM, making it one of the best osmoprotectants for mouse preimplantation embryos. We performed studies designed to determine whether known high‐affinity organic osmolyte transporters could account for the ability of betaine to act as an organic osmolyte in preimplantation embryos. We found no evidence in 1‐cell embryos of transport by a betaine/GABA transporter (BGT1), the osmoregulated betaine transporter found in a number of cell types, as betaine and GABA did not inhibit each other's transport. Instead, all saturable GABA transport in embryos was apparently via the β‐amino acid transporter. We also found that the glycine transporter, GLY, which mediates osmoprotective transport of glycine in early preimplantation embryos, does not appear to transport betaine. Finally, increased osmolarity did not induce any detectable System A amino acid transporter activity, which is osmotically‐inducible in other cells and can transport betaine. There does appear, however, to be a saturable betaine transporter in 1‐cell mouse embryos, as considerable 14C‐betaine transport was measured which was substantially inhibited by excess unlabeled betaine. Our data imply that betaine functions as an organic osmolyte in embryos due to its saturable transport via a mechanism distinct from known osmolyte transporters. We propose that an unidentified high‐affinity betaine transporter may be expressed in early embryos and mediate transport of betaine as an organic osmolyte. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 62: 195–202, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A novel asparaginase‐like protein is a sperm autoantigen in rats
Authors: Bush Leigh Ann , Herr John C. , Wolkowicz Michael , Sherman Nicholas E. , Shore Amy , Flickinger Charles J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA novel asparaginase‐like protein (ALP) of spermatozoa was cloned from rat and human testis cDNA libraries on the basis of reactivity with antibodies produced after vasectomy. Although obstruction of the male reproductive tract is known to cause an immunologic response, few of the sperm antigens responsible for the generation of autoantibodies have been characterized. We are identifying proteins of interest by coring autoantigenic protein spots from two‐dimensional (2‐D) gels of rat sperm extracts and microsequencing them by mass spectrometry. The peptide sequences from ALP, a 28 kDa, pI 5.7 protein, matched to a single partial length rat EST. These peptide sequences were used to clone a cDNA encoding a novel 333 amino acid open reading frame. The new protein had a similarity to portions of L‐asparaginases of plants (43%) and to glycosylasparaginases in animal cells (32%). Human ALP cDNA was subsequently cloned. It showed 77% identity to the rat ALP sequence and the gene, ASRGL1 (asparaginase‐like 1), mapped to chromosome locus 11q12.3. Purified recombinant rat ALP (rALP), expressed in E. coli, was used to raise polyclonal antiserum in guinea pigs. Two observations verified that the correct protein had been cloned: 1) the anti‐rALP antibody reacted with both rALP and rat sperm; and 2) post‐vasectomy sera bound rALP. Anti‐rALP antibody stained the midpiece of rat and human sperm coincident with staining by MitoTracker Green FM, suggesting that ALP is associated with the mitochondria. Northern analysis revealed that rat ALP message was abundantly expressed in the testis but was also present in heart, brain, liver, skeletal muscle, and kidney. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 62: 233–247, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stage‐specific expression of proprotein form of hyaluronan binding protein 1 (HABP1) during spermatogenesis in rat
Authors: Bharadwaj Archana , Ghosh Ilora , Sengupta Aniruddha , Cooper Trevor G. , Weinbauer Gerhard F. , Brinkworth Martin H. , Nieschlag Eberhard , Datta Kasturi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe presence of the 34‐kDa hyaluronan binding protein 1 (HABP1) on sperm surface and its role in fertilization is already established (Ranganathan et al., 1994: Mol Reprod Dev 38:69–76). In the present communication, we examined the expression of HABP1 in adult rat testis during spermatogenesis. Interestingly, using anti‐rHABP1 antibody, we detected a protein of 55 kDa which was present only in testis, but not in other somatic tissues like spleen and liver. However, even in testis, only one transcript of HABP1 mRNA of 1.63 kb was observed. In addition, we confirm that this testis‐specific 55 kDa protein was immunologically identical with proprotein form of HABP1 using antibody raised against a decapeptide present in the proprotein region of HABP1. Comparative immunohistochemistry of testis, spleen, and liver tissues using both the antibodies supported the observation that the proprotein form of HABP1 is present only in testis. Higher mRNA expression of HABP1 in testis as compared to that of liver and spleen could be speculated from the RT‐PCR product. Finally, detailed study of the immunohistochemical staining of the seminiferous tubules revealed the expression of the HABP1 proprotein in specific stages of germ cells, like pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids, but not in elongated ones, suggesting a possible role of HABP1 proprotein in spermatogenic differentiation. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 62: 223–232, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Control of trophectoderm differentiation by inner cell mass‐derived fibroblast growth factor‐4 in mouse blastocysts and corrective effect of fgf‐4 on high glucose‐induced trophoblast disruption
Authors: Leunda‐Casi Amaya , de Hertogh René , Pampfer Serge 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPrevious studies have suggested that fibroblast growth factor‐4 (FGF‐4) may be a paracrine signal used by inner cell mass (ICM) cells to maintain adjacent trophectoderm (TE) cells in an undifferentiated state. In the present work, immunocytochemical analysis of mouse blastocysts confirmed that FGF‐4 was predominantly detected in the ICM before and after spreading over a fibronectin‐coated culture substrate. Addition of human recombinant FGF‐4 did not influence morphological progression, cell allocation and proliferation in ICM and TE lineages or mitosis and karyorhexis frequencies during blastocyst expansion. Addition of FGF‐4 to outgrowing blastocysts, in contrast, induced a significant decrease in the surface of the trophoblast outgrowths formed by the TE cells and in the proportion of giant trophoblasts per outgrowth. The fact that blastocysts display excessive trophoblast expansion and spreading over their culture substrate upon pre‐exposure to high concentrations of glucose in vitro was used to further assess the regulatory effect of FGF‐4. Addition of FGF‐4 was indeed found to fully neutralize the disruptive impact of high glucose on trophoblast outgrowths. Altogether, our data indicate that ICM‐derived FGF‐4 participates actively in the regulation of trophoblast development. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 60: 38–46, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.