bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mozambique — delegation of responsibility in the area of maternal care
Authors: da Luz Vaz M. , Bergström S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe shortage of physicians in Mozambique has necessitated the training and delegation of maternity care to other available health personnel, such as traditional birth attendants, midwives, and nurses. In addition, surgical technicians have been trained to perform major surgical procedures, including cesarean sections and hysterectomies.
Mullerian adenosarcoma of the uterus in adolescents
Authors: Andrade L.A.L.A. , Derchain S.F.M. , Vial J.S. , Alvarenga M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA case of uterine Mullerian tumor in an adolescent is described. Surgical and clinical management is discussed, based on the experience gained by the analysis of cases described in the literature. A review of the different age groups, primary sites, surgical management and biological behavior of cases described in the literature is tabulated and analysed.
Declining mortality in international sterilization services
Authors: Khairullah Z. , Huber D.H. , Gonzales B. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractBetween 1973 and 1988, A VSC supported 1 516 478 female sterilizations and 401 856 vasectomies in 50 countries. Overall, 73 deaths were attributable to voluntary sterilization procedures (yielding mortality rates of 4.7 deaths per 100 000 female sterilizations and 0.5 per 100 000 vasectomies). Causes of death, in order of frequency, were anesthesia (22), intestinal injury (20), infection (19), intraabdominal hemorrhage (6) and other (6). The female sterilization mortality rate declined from 7.1 per 100 000 procedures in 1973–1981 to 3.7 per 100 000 in 1982–1988. Safer anesthesia practices and improved infection control contributed most to this decline. The mortality rate related to surgical errors declined proportionately less than the rates related to anesthesia and infection. Contraceptive sterilization has become a very safe procedure in these 50 countries, where anesthesia (local and general), surgical technique (minilaparotomy and laparoscopy) and timing of the procedure (interval and postpartum) vary substantially. Future deaths will probably be rare. However, expert surgeons should review each case because identifying the most likely cause of death is always complex and these analyses help shape surgical contraception practices.
The role of the village midwife in detection of high risk pregnancies and newborns
Authors: Ibrahim S.A. , Omer M.I.A. , Amin I.K. , Babiker A.G. , Rushwan H. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe preliminary findings of a prospective study of perinatal, neonatal and maternal mortality carried out in a rural community of Sudan are reported. Out of 6275 deliveries monitored over a period of 3 years, 150 stillbirths, 167 neonatal deaths and 27 maternal deaths were observed. An intervention program to upgrade the skills of the village midwives started in the middle of the second year. There was a 25% reduction in the risk of unfavorable outcome of pregnancy (i.e. stillbirth and neonatal death) in the third year relative to the first 2 years. Peer review of the 40 village midwives who took part in the study revealed their tremendous potentials in mobilization of mothers as well as participation in primary health care. Their role in detection of high risk pregnancies and newborns cannot be overemphasized.
Comparison of four antiemetic regimens for the treatment of cisplatin‐induced vomiting
Authors: Póka R. , Hernádi Z. , Juhász B. , Lampé L. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVE: To improve the treatment of cisplatin‐induced acute emesis and vomiting, the adjuvant effect of two different doses of metoclopramide and metoclopramide plus droperidol was compared to a defined standard antiemetic regiment. METHOD: One‐hundred and twenty‐one consecutive cisplatin‐based chemotherapy treatments for ovarian carcinoma were randomly assigned to receive standard plus no adjuvant (control, n = 24), high‐dose metoclopramide (HDM, n = 33), very high dose metoclopramide (VHDM, n = 50) and very high dose metoclopramide plus droperidol (VHDM + DP, n = 14) antiemetic treatment. The number of vomiting episodes up to 4 h after the treatment were recorded and compared in the four different antiemetic groups. The effect of the number of previous chemotherapy cycles, the strength of previous antiemetic treatments, age and stage of disease on the number of vomiting episodes was also assessed. RESULT: The mean number of vomiting episodes during the first 4 h after the chemotherapy was 9, 6.4, 6.2 and 2.7 among patients receiving the standard HDM, VHDM and VHDM + DP antiemetic regimens, respectively. Analysis of variance of vomiting episodes confirmed significant differences between the groups (P < 0.001, F = 406.5, df = 120). The number of previous chemotherapy cycles and, to a lesser extent, the stage of disease, the strength of previous antiemetic regimens and the age showed significant correlation with the number of vomiting episodes (r = 0.443, −0.159, −0.14 and −0.009 respectively). CONCLUSION: Substantial improvement in the control of cisplating‐induced vomiting can be achieved by adding high‐dose metoclopramide and droperidol to a basic antiemetic regimen consisting prochlorperazine, dexamethasone and thiethylperazine.
Neonatal survival after preterm premature rupture of membranes secondary to first trimester chorionic villus sampling
Authors: Vernet M. , Pérez Picañol E. , Armengol R. , Gamissans O. , Coroleu W. , Roca A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA case of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM) secondary to first trimester chorial biopsy is described. The newborn survived and physical and psychological development was normal at 1 year of age. On review of the literature, different attitudes may be found with regard to the treatment of PROM: some authors prefer expectant management while others defend extraction of the fetus when reasonable maturity is reached. In both cases the outcome is usually poor for the fetus.
Adolescents with obsessive‐compulsive disorder: a case note review of consecutive patients referred to a provincial regional adolescent psychiatry unit
Authors: Allsopp Mark , Verduyn Chrissie 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA number of clinical descriptions of Obsessive‐Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in adolescence are available but are often of small numbers of cases with highly selective recruitment methods. We describe the findings of a systematic case note review of 44 consecutive OCD patients referred to Oxford Regional Adolescent Unit between 1974 and 1984. The relative frequencies of previously described features of the condition in this age group are presented. Many patients had problems with peer relationships and social isolation, which often preceded the onset of other symptoms by many years. The management of the cases and outcome at discharge are outlined.
Factors underlying suicidal ideation among college studients: a test of Teicher and Jacobs' model
Authors: Strang Scott P. , Orlofsky Jacob L. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe study examined three factors thought to be involved in the etiology of suicidal ideation in adolescents: an absence or disruption of interpersonal attachments, a conviction of personal helplessness, and a sense of hopelessness regarding the future. Subjects, 191 college students age 21 or less, completed questionnaires assessing suicidal ideation, parent and peer attachments, locus of control, and hopelessness. Nearly 61 per cent of the subjects reported at least some degree of suicidal ideation, and 21 per cent reported moderate or high levels of ideation. Both low‐level and moderate‐ to high‐level ideators reported poorer relationships with their parents than non‐ideators. In addition, compared to non‐ideator and low‐ideator subjects, moderate to high ideators reported poorer relationships with peers and greater convictions of helplessness and hopelessness about the future. No gender differences were found other than a suggestion that insecure attachment to parents may be a more important factor in the genesis of suicidal ideation in college women than men.
Perceived parental rearing, personality and mental status in Japanese adolescents
Authors: Furukawa Toshiaki 
Published: April 2004

AbstractAs a part of a prospective study on the psychological adjustment of Japanese teenagers enrolled in a foreign exchange student program, the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), the Maudsley Personality Inventory and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were administered to 130 females and 47 males aged 17 through 19 before departure. Parental practices were found to influence personality features, which in turn contribute to the mental health status, but no direct significant relationship was found between the PBI and GHQ measures. The last finding is in contradistinction to the previous reports which report low care and high overprotection in unipolar depressives and anxiety disorder patients but in accordance with a recent finding which failed to replicate them in general population. It is possible that the earlier findings in clinical populations were a case of Berkson bias.
Friendship and personal adjustment during adolescence
Authors: Claes Michel E. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA questionnaire evaluating the friendship network, the expectations towards friends, the level of intimacy and attachment with friends, as well as the presence of conflicts with friends, was administered to 349 adolescents. The sample consisted of both males and females, age ranging from 12 to 18 years. Subjects were also given various personal adjustment indices that were obtained from the Offer Self Image Questionnaire. The results demonstrate that there are small differences in the friendship network across age and gender. Analysis of the qualitative aspects of friendship are generally constant with respect to age, but demonstrate marked differences with respect to gender: girls expect more from their friends than boys and their level of attachment and intimacy with friends is greater. The results also indicate that the number of friends in the network is not significantly correlated with the personal adjustment variables. Multiple regression analyses revealed that the quality of attachment maintained with friends and the absence of conflict experiences in friendship account for a low but significant proportion of the score variance obtained from the personal adjustment scale. The possibility to confer personal problems and the preoccupations to friends seems beneficial for the acquisition of adaptive behavior. Deficiences in communication with friends or confrontation experiences and feelings of alienation are related to some forms of maladaptive behavior.
Mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, and corynebacterium genitalium recovered from the lower genital tracts of adolescent women
Authors: Russo Joseph F. , Coppola Karen , Furness Geoffrey 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe lower genital tracts of 137 adolescent women were examined for the presence of Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Corynebacterium genitalium in relation to sexual activity, previous pregnancy, presence of vaginal discharge and oral contraceptive use. None of the sexually inactive and 10% of the sexually active adolescent females were colonized with U. urealyticum. None of the sexually inactive and 4% of the sexually active adolescent females were colonized with C. genitalium. Nineteen percent of the sexually inactive and 36% of the sexually active adolescent females were colonized with M. hominis.The presence of M. hominis in the lower genital tract was not associated with any clinically identifiable vaginal discharge or inflammatory changes in exfoliated cervical and vaginal epithelial cells. The presence of M. hominis in the lower genital tract did not appear to be related to the use of oral contraceptives or antecedent pregnancy. There was no significant difference in the recovery rates of these microorganisms when we compared women who had non‐specific vaginitis with those who did not. There is no evidence from this study that any of these microorganisms is responsible for non‐specific vaginitis.
Bilateral ovarian lipid cell hyperplasia in a young hirsute patient
Authors: Henriksen Henel Marie , Fischer Simon , Guttorm Eigil 
Published: April 2004

AbstractVirilizing lipid cell ovarian hyperplasia occurrd in a 24‐year‐old woman referred with secondary amenorrhea, hirsutism, and weight gain. Hormone analyses revealed abnormal androgen production shown in a suppression test to be autonomic and of ovarian origin.Ovarian vein catheterization revealed abnormally increased androgen levels in the left ovarian vein and in the caval vein where it was entered by the right ovarian vein. As the patient wanted to become pregnant, three‐quarters of her ovarian tissue was resected. Menstruation and ovulation returned. Two years after the operation the patient conceived.Histopathological and electron microscopic examinations revealed bilateral lipid cell hyperplasia.
Carcinoma in situ of the cervix in the postmenopausal female
Authors: Rotmensch Jacob , Rosenshein Neil , Parmley Tim 
Published: April 2004

AbstractEleven cases of postmenopausal carcinoma in situ of the cervix (CIS) are reviewed. They comprised 7% of the 178 cases of CIS evaluated and treated at The Johns Hopkins Hospital between January 1, 1977 and June 30, 1980. The extensive involvement of the endocervical canal in the postmenopausal patient requires conization in addition to colposcopy and endocervical curettage in order to fully evaluate the cervical disease.
Conservative treatment of uterine leiomyoma with the antiestrogen antiprogesterone R‐2323
Authors: Coutinho Elsimar M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe case reported here shows how adequate conservative therapy of the antiestrogen R‐2323 saved a uterus in a woman of childbearing age who suffered a uterine leiomyoma. The patient's fertility was restored, and a twin pregnancy is currently in progress.
Sperm migration at different stages of the menstrual cycle
Authors: Faúndes Aníbal , Montes de Oca Víctor , Brache Vivian , Alvarez‐Sánchez Francisco 
Published: April 2004

AbstractSperm migration to the upper genital tract was studied in 15 volunteers who were to be surgically sterilized to see if sperm migration to the upper genital tract is consistent during different stages of the menstrual cycle. Five subjects underwent surgery during the midproliferative phase, five during the periovulatory period and five during the secretory phase. The stage of the cycle was determined by endometrial and ovarian biopsy at the time of surgery. Volunteers had a single coitus 5–12 h before surgery, confirmed by Sims‐Huhner test. Sperm were found in the uterus and at least one oviduct in all five subjects studied during the periovulatory phase, and only in two of the five cases undergoing surgery during either of the other phases. A good correlation was also observed between presence and number of sperm in the upper genital tract and quality of Sims‐Huhner test. However, neither the cycle stage nor the postcoital test had an absolute prognostic value over sperm migration.
Accessory cervix: An unusual congenital malformation
Authors: Qualiarello John , Porges Robert , Weiss Gerson 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA woman with a septate vagina and two cervices was observed. One of the cervices ended blindly. The other cervix communicated with a normal corpus and two normally positioned patent fallopian tubes. Two explanations for the origin of this accessory cervix are offered: (1) that it originated from a fusion failure of the lower portions of the müllerian ducts, and (2) that it arose from the urogenital sinus.
The economic implication in pregnancy outcome
Authors: Rodriguez‐Escudero F.J. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe economic implication in pregnancy outcome is evaluated in a Spanish homogeneous population. The potential risk is assessed for: prematurity, intrauterine growth retardation, perinatal mortality and major malformation. The husband's employment appears worthless as an economic parameter. The best estimators of economic level in our population are the total income per capita and the monthly food allowance per capita. Study results clearly support the relationship between poverty and prematurity, intrauterine growth retardation and major malformation. No correlation is found between perinatal mortality and lower economic conditions, which differs from previous reports. The author suggests that perinatal problems be differentiated from each other in studies of risk factors.
Maternal mortality at twelve teaching hospitals in Indonesia — an epidemiologic analysis
Authors: Chi I‐Cheng , Agoestina Tina , Harbin Joe 
Published: April 2004

AbstractRecords on 36,062 maternity cases admitted to 12 teaching hospitals throughout Indonesia between 1977 and 1980 were analyzed. A hospital maternal mortality rate of 37.4/10,000 cases (39.0/10,000 live births) was derived that was about ten times higher than rates reported from developed countries in the early seventies. Hemorrhage, infection and toxemia accounted for 91.2% of deaths resulting from direct obstetric causes and for 86.1% of total deaths. It is postulated that if all pregnant women received adequate antenatal care, and if all women wanting no additional children were sterilized, maternal mortality would be cut in half. It is recommended that maternal health services in Indonesia be integrated into its successful family planning program.
The roll‐over test to predict toxemia in pregnancy
Authors: Ujalambkar A.N. , Sutaria U.D. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWe performed the roll‐over test on 98 primigravid and 107 multigravid patients at 28–32 weeks' gestation to predict pre‐eclamptic toxemia. Positive results from the roll‐over test correctly predicted preeclamptic toxemia in 71.4% of primigravidae and 23.3% of multigravidae. Negative results were associated with a normal pregnancy in 94.9% of primigravidae and in 98.9% of multi‐gravidae. A mean arterial pressure of 61 mmHg or more when recorded between 28 and 32 weeks' gestation accurately predicted preeclamptic toxemia in 96% of all patients.
Placenta accreta and percreta: A review of 5 cases
Authors: Oumachigui Asha , Rajagopalan Gita , Reddy Rani , Prabhavathy R. , Chakravarty A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFive cases of placenta accreta and percreta are reviewed. Three cases, one a recurrence in the same patient, presented with acute abdominal pain; in one case perforation resulting from placenta percreta was discovered at laparotomy. In another case, placenta accreta was recognized during cesarean delivery. Total or subtotal hysterectomy was performed in three cases; piecemeal removal of placental tissue and closure of the tear was performed in two of the patients. There were no maternal deaths, but the infants were stillborn in three cases of perforation or uterine rupture.
The transcutaneous Po2 measurement as an additional evaluation index to the physiological and pathological conditions under delivery
Authors: Klink T. , Husstedt W. , Klitzing L.v. , Friedrich H. , Seoudy A. , Oberheuser F. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTranscutaneous Po2 was continuously recorded from 17 newborns sub partu by normal deliveries and four cases with umbilical cord complications. These data were correlated with the corresponding fetal heart rate alterations and the maximum of contraction directly and 30 s thereafter. During the course of delivery three stages are differentiated: first stage of labor, full cervix dilatation, second stage of labor. The statistical evaluation succeeded in the χ2‐test (P < 0.01). Deriving from this result the tcPo2 measurement is an additional aiding procedure beside the cardiotocographic control for subpartal supervision.
The effect of various oral contraceptive combinations on premenstrual symptoms
Authors: Andersch Björn 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe influence of different oral contraceptives on premenstrual complaints was examined in 191 randomly selected women from an urban population. Premenstrual depression and abdominal swelling was significantly more common in women taking oral contraceptives containing the progestogen component lynestrenol than those containing norgestrel. The reason for this difference is discussed. A deficiency of pyridoxine which affects tryptophan metabolism can explain the difference in premenstrual depression. However, it should be emphasized that the system which controls neuro‐endocrine balance is extremely complicated and does not at the present time permit any definite conclusions regarding the influence of oral contraceptives on mental complaints.
Hypogammaglobulinaemia during pregnancy in identical twin sisters
Authors: Amarin Z.O. , Grant K.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe clinical histories and reaction to pregnancy is described in identical twin sisters with acquired hypogammaglobulinemia. Additional evidence for the genetic basis of this disorder is advanced. A possible association with myasthenia gravis is noted and the occurrence of fetal growth retardation is described. Replacement therapy should be given when the diagnosis is made, and high doses might be useful during pregnancy especially if fetal growth retardation seems to be present.
Effects of long‐term treatment with bromocriptine on pituitary prolactinoma in a male
Authors: Ayalon D. , Eckstein N. , Homonnai Z.T. , Paz G.F. , Eshel A. , Reider I. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractPoor surgical results are obtained when operating on large prolactinomas, especially when an extrasellar growth is demonstrated. Several groups have reported tumor regression following bromocriptine treatment.A case report is presented of a young hyperprolactinemic man with a large pituitary adenoma with suprasellar extension, normal visual fields, decreased libido, impotence, hypogonadism and azoospermia. This man was treated with high doses of bromocriptine for a period of 5 months. A significant improvement of potency libido and sperm concentration associated with radiological evidence of a marked reduction of tumor size was noted following suppressive treatment with this ergot alkaloid.
The echogenic endometrium and alterations during menstrual cycle
Authors: Sakamoto C. , Nakano H. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractEndometrial echograms were obtained from 101 patients with a regular menses to investigate cyclic changes which occur during normal menstrual cycle.After the mid‐secretory phase, a marked increase of the reflecting interfaces was evident within the endometrium and a thickened echogenic area was observed. Such were not evident during the proliferative phase.As the increased interfaces within the endometrium represent the effects of progesterone, an assessment of the endocrinological milieu is made feasible.
Interrelationship of breast‐feeding and educational status in lactational amenorrhea
Authors: Sudarshan K. , Prabhakar A.K. , Gupta A. , Sharma N.L. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThis report presents the results of a study of breast‐feeding practices in 552 women at Smt. Sucheta Kriplani Hospital, New Delhi. Both education status and breast‐feeding had a significant correlation with lactational amenorrhea, although the correlation coefficient was higher with breast‐feeding.
The rise in ectopic pregnancy ‐ exploration of possible reasons
Authors: Chavkin Wendy 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe rate of ectopic pregnancies has been rising in the past decade and it is responsible for an increasing proportion of maternal deaths. A history of pelvic inflammatory disease is strongly associated with ectopic pregnancy. There is a higher rate of ectopic pregnancy among intrauterine device users than non‐users. A history of abdominal surgery has been associated with ectopic pregnancy and there is some evidence that women taking certain hormonal preparations experience excess ectopic pregnancies. Through a critical review of the literature, the author explores the evidence for these associations. The paper closes with recommendations for future research.