bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Al-Ghazali's Theory of Real Knowledge: An Exploration of Knowledge Integration in Islamic Epistemology through Contemporary Perspectives
Authors: Aminullah Poya  , Habiburrahman Rizapoor  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This research aims to explore Al-Ghazali's theory of real knowledge and elucidate the concept of knowledge and its integration features in grounding Islamic knowledge according to the contemporary theories of epistemology. The study delves into Al-Ghazali's perspectives on knowledge, analyzing and interpreting them in light of modern knowledge theories. The research finds that the cognitive integration features in Al-Ghazali's philosophy lie in the integration of knowledge sources, methods, sciences, and scholars. This is achieved through a comprehensive review of some of Al-Ghazali's works, as well as relevant studies, books, and research about his contributions to Islamic epistemology. Al-Ghazali encourages scholars to collaborate and integrate their knowledge to attain true understanding, a principle evident in this research through the exploration of modern epistemological concepts. The research utilized both inductive and descriptive methods to identify the characteristics of knowledge and demonstrate its integration aspects in Al-Ghazali's teachings. The research is structured into an introduction and three main sections: the first section introduces Al-Ghazali and his era, the second section explores the concept of knowledge and its integration in Islamic epistemology according to Al-Ghazali, and the third section examines knowledge sources, methods, types of knowledge, and scholars in Al-Ghazali's philosophy.
Memamfaatkan Media Sosial Untuk Mengedukasi Generasi Z Mengenai Etika Kristen Di Era Digital
Authors: Lius Ade Boy Nazara  
Published: October 2023

This study aims to investigate the potential of social media in facilitating education about Christian ethics for Generation Z in the digital era. Generation Z is a group that has grown up amid advances in information technology and the widespread spread of social media. This raises new challenges in educating them about Christian ethical values.s
This research will use a qualitative approach with the case study method. Data will be collected through in-depth interviews with young generation Z who actively use social media and have a Christian religious background. In addition, an analysis of relevant social media content will also be carried out to understand the use of social media in the context of Christian ethics education.
The results of this study are expected to provide better insight into how social media can be used effectively to educate Generation Z about Christian ethics. These findings can be the basis for developing educational strategies that are more adaptive and relevant to the characteristics of the digital-savvy Generation Z.
In addition, this research is expected to contribute to overcoming the challenges faced by churches and Christian educational institutions in facing the ever-evolving digital era. By using social media as an educational tool, churches and Christian educational institutions can reach Generation Z more effectively and provide a deeper understanding of Christian ethics.
The effect of final irrigation agents on push-out bond strength of calcium silicate-based cements to dentin
Authors: Yeniçeri Özata Merve , Falakaloğlu Seda , Batur Muharrem , Adıgüzel Özkan , Goncharuk-Khomyn Myroslav 
Published: October 2023

Aim: This aim of this study was to compare the effects of different chelating agents [ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), glycolic acid (GA) and citric acid (CA)] on the push-out bond strength (POBS) of two calcium silicate-based silicate cements (CSC) (Biodentine and PD MTA White).
Methodology: Dentin discs of 1 ± 0.2 mm thickness were taken from the middle root region of thirty-nine extracted mandibular premolar teeth and two holes (1 mm diameter) were drilled in each disc (n = 78 holes). The samples were then randomly divided into three groups (n = 26 holes) according to the final irrigation agents: Group 1: 20% CA, Group 2: 17% EDTA, Group 3: 10% GA. Then, two different materials were applied to the holes in each group (n = 13 holes): a: PD MTA White, b: Biodentine. POBS test was performed at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The dentin discs were examined under stereomicroscope (25×) to assess the bond failure type. Data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and comparison of main effects was examined with the Bonferroni test, and multiple comparisons were analysed with the Tukey HSD test. The level of signifcance was 5%.
Results: Biodentine showed significantly higher POBS than PD MTA White (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the final irrigation agents (p > 0.05). CA – Biodentine group showed substantially higher POBS than EDTA – PD MTA White, CA – PD MTA White, and GA – Biodentine groups (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: While CA increased the POBS of Biodentine significantly, the POBS of PD MTA White was not affected by the final irrigation agents.

How to cite this article:
Yeniçeri Özata M, Falakaloğlu S, Batur M, Adıgüzel Ö, Goncharuk-Khomyn M. The effect of final irrigation agents on push-out bond strength of calcium silicate-based cements to dentin. Int Dent Res 2023;13(2):75-82. https://doi.org/10.5577/idr.2023.vol13.no2.5

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Boosting innovation in European bioeconomy
Authors:   Circular Bio-based Europe Joint Undertaking (CBE JU)
Published: October 2023

Boosting innovation in European bioeconomy
New projects to drive innovation within the European bioeconomy being funded by the CBE JU are outlined here. The Circular Bio-based Europe Joint Undertaking (CBE JU), a €2 billion public-private partnership advancing competitive circular bio-based industries in Europe, has signed its first 21 grant agreements this year. Two hundred ninety-three beneficiaries from 27 countries will receive €116 million in funding to develop new bio-based products and materials, first-of-their-kind production facilities, and innovative processes. The new projects will boost the competitiveness and increase the resilience of Europe’s bio-based economy by using often-underutilised resources to produce consumer products and industrial solutions to replace fossil-based ones. This will reduce the EU’s reliance on strategic imports and create new value chains, business opportunities, and green jobs, particularly in rural areas.
What is at stake in the psychedelic renaissance?
Authors: Dyck Erika 
Published: October 2023

What is at stake in the psychedelic renaissance?
Professor Erika Dyck, Canada Research Chair in the History of Health & Social Justice, discusses the extensive history and growing medical application of psychedelics known as the psychedelic renaissance. British psychiatrist Ben Sessa re-introduced the concept of the psychedelic renaissance in 2011, suggesting that it was perhaps time to rethink the role of psychedelic drugs in medicine. The idea has gained momentum, especially in places like the United States and Europe, where psychedelics had been part of psychiatric reforms in the middle of the twentieth century. However, the focus on the global north and western biomedicine does not capture the diversity of psychedelic history that has led to this moment.
Workers at risk: Families serving alongside
Authors: Cramm Heidi 
Published: October 2023

Workers at risk: Families serving alongside
Heidi Cramm, Marilyn Cox, and Deborah Norris focus on the families of public safety personnel and health care workers (PSP and HCW), plus how the risks and requirements of the job impact them. Public safety personnel (PSP) and health care workers (HCW) are dedicated to serving our communities, and that commitment can take a toll on the mental and physical well-being of both the workers and their families. Cramm, Cox, and Norris work with the Families Matter Research Group (FMRG), a large team of researchers, educators, and trainees, some of whom are PSP and HCW family members themselves. The FMRG recognizes the commitments and demands associated with public safety and healthcare work and the effects these have on family life and relationships beyond the workplace. Their primary objective is to form partnerships with families, workplaces, and other service providers to understand better the experience and needs of PSP and HCW families and promote evidence-informed programs and policies to support their health and well-being.
A case for higher spending on public goods
Authors: Ng Yew-Kwang 
Published: October 2023

A case for higher spending on public goods
Yew-Kwang Ng, Emeritus Professor in the Department of Economics at Monash University in Australia, argues in favor of increased spending on public goods. An important issue in public policy is how much we should spend on public goods. A pure public good has the characteristic that its usage by some does not reduce its availability to others. Examples include defense, broadcasting, publication, and research. Private goods (subsuming services) like apples or haircuts are typically paid for by consumers. In a market economy, their provision and prices are thus typically determined by the balance of supply and demand. The demand is in accordance with the willingness to pay by the consumers; this, in turn, depends on their marginal valuation (the additional value provided by consuming another unit). On the other hand, the supply depends on the marginal costs of production (the additional costs of producing another unit).
Youth as essential problem-solvers of our futures
Authors: Songer Nancy Butler 
Published: October 2023

Youth as essential problem-solvers of our futures
Nancy Butler Songer, Associate Provost of STEM Education at the University of Utah, discusses the importance of supporting and including young people as part of environmental decision-making teams and key problem-solvers of our futures. The New York Times calls the environmental threat of the Great Salt Lake in the United States an “Environmental Nuclear Bomb.” Even as water levels continue to decline (e.g., the 2022 average lake level was the lowest on record; Great Salt Lake Strike Team, 2023), regional population and water consumption continue to grow. The result is not only a dying off of the lake’s brine shrimp that support a stable ecosystem but the development of poisonous dust plumes that threaten human health.
Patients with diabetes in rural underserved areas
Authors: Santen Richard J 
Published: October 2023

Patients with diabetes in rural underserved areas
Richard J. Santen, MD, Emeritus Professor of Medicine at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia, USA, delineates the characteristics of patients with diabetes residing in rural underserved areas, including the role of meal replacements for weight loss. Patients with diabetes residing in rural, economically challenged and medically underserved areas generally lack endocrinologists for consultative evaluation and management. (1,2) One solution to the problem is recruiting retired endocrinologists to care for these patients by telemedicine. This can be facilitated by partnering with rural, community health clinics. In the United States, a Federal program funds 1,400 rural clinics and supports the providers and clinical educators to instruct patients regarding diabetes mellitus management, nutrition, laboratory testing, and radiology. My experience over the last six years, as a partially retired endocrinologist, indicates that such a program is beneficial and results in lowering the hemoglobin A1c levels in patients with diabetes (3).
Enhancing irrigation effectiveness in vineyards with innovative technologies
Authors: Jacoby Pete W 
Published: October 2023

Enhancing irrigation effectiveness in vineyards with innovative technologies
Professor Pete W. Jacoby, from Washington State University, walks us through enhancing irrigation effectiveness in vineyards with innovative technologies like automated irrigation. As growers worldwide struggle to sustain vineyard production during hot summer temperatures and limited water resources, emerging technologies in the form of electronic soil moisture sensors coupled with automated irrigation may provide some opportunities for consideration. Using soil moisture sensors can aid in irrigation scheduling to sustain crops such as wine grapes to avoid heat damage to vines and impacts on fruit yield ahead of visual effects on the vine.
Microbiome of the skin: The good and the bad
Authors: Martins-Green Manuela 
Published: October 2023

Microbiome of the skin: The good and the bad
Chronic wounds are a significant burden to patients and health systems; Manuela Martins-Green from the University of California tells us how her research in understanding the dynamics of wound healing could aid new approaches to wound care. The skin is the largest organ in the human body. It is the barrier that protects the organs from the environment, functioning as an interface between the environment and the inside of the body. Residing on the skin is a complex and diverse community of microbes called the microbiome. Trillions of microbes across bacterial and fungal families use a wide range of aerobic and anaerobic metabolic pathways to survive. Considerable effort is being put into studying the role of the microbiome in skin infections, disorders, and disease. Host- microbiome interactions are particularly important during wound healing because changes in microenvironmental conditions in the tissue can change commensal bacteria into pathogens that infect the wound chronically, including forming biofilm.
Psychotic-like experiences: What are they and why are they important?
Authors: Staines Lorna , Cannon Mary 
Published: October 2023

Psychotic-like experiences: What are they and why are they important?
Dr Lorna Staines and Professor Mary Cannon of RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, explore psychotic-like experiences, explaining what they are and why they are important. It is widely thought that hallucinations and delusions occur only in the context of a psychotic disorder such as schizophrenia. Although this viewpoint is common, it is not accurate. Many people will have a hallucination or delusion throughout their lifetime even though they do not have a psychotic disorder. In most cases, they will happen for only a brief period before fading and only occur once. Examples of such experiences might be hearing your name being called when alone in a house (auditory hallucination) or having an intensely strong feeling that someone on the street or in your neighbourhood may be trying to harm you, despite not having a reason to believe this (paranoid delusion). These are called “psychotic-like experiences” or “PLE”.
The successes and challenges of organ transplantation
Authors: Lakkis Fadi G 
Published: October 2023

The successes and challenges of organ transplantation
Fadi G. Lakkis, Professor of Surgery at the University of Pittsburgh, charts the successes and challenges of organ transplantation. Organ transplantation is a great success story that started 70 years ago with the first successful kidney transplant between identical twin brothers in Boston, Massachusetts. Now, more than 180,000 transplants are performed each year between related and unrelated individuals worldwide, thanks to advances in surgical techniques and medicines known as immunosuppressants. Immunosuppressants weaken the recipient’s immune system and prevent it from rejecting the transplanted organ. In addition to life-saving organs such as kidneys, livers, hearts, and lungs given to patients who otherwise would perish without them, more and more humans are receiving transplants that are not life-sustaining but that enhance life quality.
Pain regulation and research: Decoding the brain’s response to pain
Authors: Stroman Patrick 
Published: October 2023

Pain regulation and research: Decoding the brain’s response to pain
Professor Patrick Stroman from the Centre for Neuroscience Studies at Queen’s University shares insights into his research on the neural basis of human pain and pain regulation, which is supported by functional magnetic resonance imaging. The research being carried out by Dr Patrick Stroman at Queen’s University is focused on understanding the neural basis of human pain and how it is altered in chronic pain conditions. Carrying out this research in humans requires the use of a non-invasive neuroimaging method such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Over two decades, he has developed the necessary methods and has applied them to obtain new insights into neural signaling involved with pain.
Applications of discrete computation in paleoclimate systems
Authors: Gipp Michael R 
Published: October 2023

Applications of discrete computation in paleoclimate systems
In this earth climate system focus, Michael R. Gipp, Acting President from Marine Mining Corp, details the applications of discrete computation in paleoclimate systems. This paper introduces some concepts of the application of discrete computation in characterizing paleoclimatic systems. Such systems have chaotic inputs at different time and spatial scales. The methodology presented in this article was influenced by Crutchfield’s (1994) e-machine constructions, which were devised to characterize emergent behaviour in complex systems and appeared in Gipp (2022).
Age-related changes in cardiomyopathic phenotype in patients with barth syndrome
Authors: Sabbah Hani N 
Published: October 2023

Age-related changes in cardiomyopathic phenotype in patients with barth syndrome
With current treatment options for BTHS cardiomyopathic phenotype focused predominantly on alleviating symptoms, Dr Hani N. Sabbah, Director of Cardiovascular Research at Henry Ford Health, explores the potential of more targeted treatment approaches. Barth syndrome (BTHS) is a rare, X-linked disease caused by defects in the TAFAZZIN gene encoding an acyltransferase responsible for the remodeling/maturation of cardiolipin (critical to mitochondrial structure/function).(1) The most common clinical manifestation of BTHS is cardiomyopathy (~90% of BTHS patients) with a wide range of phenotypical presentations.(2,3) Mechanisms contributing to BTHS cardiomyopathy pathophysiology include abnormal mitochondrial structure/function,(4) defective mitochondrial calcium uptake,(5) a mismatch between ATP supply and demand,(6) and altered lipid/glucose metabolism.(7) The BTHS cardiomyopathic phenotypes appear to evolve with advancing age, which may be useful in treatment selection.
How can Europe and its industry transition to a more circular and sustainable society?
Authors: Lindahl Mattias , Dalhammar Carl 
Published: October 2023

How can Europe and its industry transition to a more circular and sustainable society?
Mattias Lindahl from Linköping University and Carl Dalhammar from Lund University explore how Europe and its industry can transition to a more circular and sustainable society. Society today focuses on doing things more efficiently. However, the starting point should instead always be what is the right (effective) thing to do – and to do that efficiently. Related to this, an industrial transition is necessary to shift to a more circular and sustainable society. The current situation results from past ideas on effective markets, legal concepts and cultures, business models, and thoughts on ownership and consumer culture.
Transforming integrative maker education for STEM: Empowering pre-service teachers
Authors: Chambers Ginny , York Kamryn , Marnich Mark 
Published: October 2023

Transforming integrative maker education for STEM: Empowering pre-service teachers
Dr Ginny Chambers and Dr Kamryn York from Point Park University tell us about a project aimed at enhancing integrative maker education through the training of pre-service teachers, focusing on elementary education. In recent years, maker education has gained traction as a transformative approach to teaching STEM subjects. This innovative pedagogy engages students in hands-on, collaborative learning experiences, fostering creativity, problem-solving skills, and a deeper understanding of STEM concepts. “Transforming Integrative Makerspace Education for STEM” (a National Science Foundation funded project) focuses on improving the quality and effectiveness of STEM education for pre-service teachers. The project builds on the knowledge about teaching and learning by creating, implementing, and assessing faculty development, interactive instruction, and STEM lesson plan development. This study fosters a more collaborative approach among education and STEM faculty, resulting in the revision and implementation of ten education courses to emphasize STEM experiential learning through makerspace pedagogy.
Decoding the brain’s role in preventing and recovering from knee injuries
Authors: Grooms Dustin 
Published: October 2023

Decoding the brain’s role in preventing and recovering from knee injuries
Dustin Grooms, Professor of Clinical Neuroscience at Ohio University, tells us about his research on the brain’s role in shaping injury-risk movement patterns and how this knowledge could aid rehabilitation practices and the development of new therapies to mitigate the risk of knee injuries. In sports, where split-second decisions and fast movements are crucial, knee injuries like torn ACLs pose a challenge. Experts focus on biomechanics and lower body strength, but a new frontier explores the brain’s impact on prevention and recovery. With nearly 200,000 annual ACL injuries in the US, especially among young athletes, research delves into the connection between neural adaptation and physical performance. Recent studies from our lab highlight the brain’s role in shaping injury-risk movement patterns and provide a roadmap for reducing injury risk by understanding how the brain processes sensory inputs.
Exploring the role of machine learning in materials science and engineering
Authors: Morgan Dane , Jacobs Ryan 
Published: October 2023

Exploring the role of machine learning in materials science and engineering
In this paper, Professor Dane Morgan and Research Scientist Ryan Jacobs, from the University of Wisconsin, Madison, discuss their adventures in the field of machine learning in the areas of materials science and engineering. This paper gives a very brief and inevitably biased overview of machine learning (ML) in Materials Science and Engineering (MS&E), with examples taken from our own work with collaborators. We hope it conveys our excitement about the extraordinary potential of this new area of research. MS&E focuses on developing materials with desired properties. It has led to materials innovations that underlie much of modern society, from the transistors in computers to the batteries in cars and smartphones. In recent decades, major advances in algorithms, computing power, and data access have made ML tools extremely powerful.
The cellular mechanisms of kidney fibrosis: A hitherto understudies aspect of polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Kapus Andras 
Published: October 2023

The cellular mechanisms of kidney fibrosis: A hitherto understudies aspect of polycystic kidney disease
In this exclusive Q&A session with Dr. Andras Kapus, we unravel the complexities of chronic kidney disease in general and Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) in particular, and delve into the ongoing research efforts aimed at combatting kidney fibrosis. Dr. Kapus shares valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms driving PKD and the broader implications of understanding fibrosis in the world of medical science. Let’s dive into this enlightening conversation.