bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social learning-based health literacy promotion on the self efficacy and social anxiety of adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Begjani Jamalodin - , Hosseini Akram Sadat Sadat , Saneifard Hedieh - , Hasanabad Vida Rahimi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background and Objective:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus one of the biggest health concerns around the world, is difficult to manage during adolescence. Among the non-medical methods of controlling this disease is empowerment through self-efficacy. Poor self-efficacy leads to social anxiety and ultimately deficiencies in diabetes. There is also a correlation among health literacy, self-efficacy, and social anxiety. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the impact of a literacy promotion training program based on social learning theory on the self-efficacy and social anxiety of adolescents with T1DM.
Methods
The current research is a semi-experimental type that was carried out with the cooperation of 66 adolescents aged 15–18 years with type 1 diabetes in Iran (Tehran, 2022). It has control and intervention groups. The endocrinology and diabetes clinics of the intervention and control groups were randomly selected in a multi-stage manner (endocrine and diabetes clinic of children's medical center hospital for the control group and endocrine and diabetes clinic of Mofid hospital for the intervention group) and the participants were selected by Simple Random Sampling method (draw). The training program designed based on Bandura’s social learning theory was used to teach adolescents during seven consecutive sessions of 30–45 minutes during one week. Questionnaires were completed before and one month after the intervention. Data were analysed in SPSS-25 software.
Findings:
The intervention for adolescents with T1DM in intervention group compared to the control group had a significant effect on improve health literacy (P < 0.001), self-efficacy (P < 0.001), and social anxiety (P < 0.05).
Discussion and Conclusion:
The results can also be used to improve the capabilities of adolescents with T1DM, reduce and prevent disease complications, and develop operational-educational programs in the centers from which these adolescents receive various services.
Three-dimensional analysis of the performance of circular stepped spillways in the skimming flow regime
Authors: Ghaderi Dana , Ebrahimnezhadian Hamzeh , Mollazadeh Mahdi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

By creating an artificial rough bed, stepped spillways increase energy dissipation during the spillway and reduce the risk of cavitation and the dimensions of the stilling basin. Combining stepped spillways with labyrinth spillways in order to improve their performance can be an attractive idea. Therefore, in this research, the hydraulic characteristics of the flow, the amount of energy dissipation and the residual energy of the flow downstream of the stepped spillway with a circular labyrinth configuration, with different numbers of cycles, were compared with the conventional stepped spillway. Validation of the numerical model was done using the results of the physical model. Four three-dimensional configurations of stepped spillway including: conventional stepped, two-, three-, and four-cycle circular labyrinth were modeled using OpenFOAM open source for the skimming flow regime. In order to simulate the flow, InterFOAM solver and \(RNG\;K - \varepsilon\) turbulence model were used. The results of the numerical model showed that the combination of the labyrinth spillway with the stepped spillway causes an increase of 7.4, 28 and 18.3 percent of energy dissipation in circular forms of two, three and four cycles compared to its conventional type for a constant discharge and yc/h = 1.68. Therefore, among the circular labyrinth configurations, the three-cycle form (3CSS) has the highest dissipation rate. In addition, in the three-cycle circular labyrinth configuration, compared to other conventional and labyrinth configurations, it has resulted in less negative pressure in the upper half of the vertical face of the steps.
Single-crystalline metal oxides as dielectrics for top-gate two-dimensional transistors
Authors: Di Zengfeng , Zeng Daobing , Zhang Ziyang , Xue Zhongying , Zhang Miao , Chu Paul K. , Mei Yongfeng , Tian Ziao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) structures composed of atomically thin materials with high carrier mobility have been studied as candidates for future transistors. However, due to the unavailability of suitable high-quality dielectrics, 2D field-effect transistors (FETs) cannot attain the full theoretical potential and advantages despite their superior physical and electrical properties. Herein, we demonstrate the fabrication of atomically thin single-crystalline Al2O3 (c-Al2O3) as the high-quality top-gate dielectric layer in 2D FETs. By using the epitaxial lift-off and intercalative oxidation techniques, a stable, stoichiometric, and atomically thin c-Al2O3 layer with a thickness of 1.25 nm is formed on the single-crystalline Al surface. Owing to the favorable crystalline structure and well-defined interfaces, the gate leakage current, interface state density, and dielectric strength meet the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems (IRDS) requirements for low-power devices. By means of a one-step transfer process of the source, drain, dielectric materials, and gate onto molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), the self-aligned top-gate MoS2 FET devices are fabricated. Since direct lithography or high-energy deposition can be avoided during fabrication, the MoS2 FETs deliver outstanding performance including a steep subthreshold swing of 61 mV/dec, extremely high on/off current ratio of 108, and negligible hysteresis of 10 mV. In addition, a batch of 100 FETs with good uniformity of electronical characteristics has been fabricated. The innovative technique and materials demonstrate the possibility of producing high-quality single-crystalline oxides such as ferroelectric oxides, wide-bandgap oxides, and magnetic oxides suitable for integration into fully scalable advanced 2D FETs including negative capacitance transistors and spin transistors.
Geospatial Technologies for Landslide Monitoring, Case Study, Sighetu Marmației, Romania
Authors: Kalmar Tiberiu Mihai , Dîrja Marcel , Rădulescu Adrian Traian G.M. , Măran Petru Daniel , Rădulescu Gheorghe M.T. , Nichvid Mary , Kalinich Ivan , Rădulescu Virgil Mihai G.M. , Zaharia Gelu , Danku Gelu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Landslides are a major natural hazard. One of the main causes of landslides is deforestation, doubled by water infiltration caused by heavy rains, torrents, floods, sudden melting of snow. In turn, these latter phenomena are also caused by climate change. Landslides are mostly associated with the downward movement of soil, rocks and organic materials under the direct influence of gravity, which causes instability. The authors investigated the numerous landslides produced on the slopes or at the foot of the Solovan Hill, where Sighetu Marmației Municipality is located. Around 120 locations have been identified, which present these instability phenomena. The paper shows how geomatics and geoinformatics technologies can be effectively used in analyzing the evolution of landslides (initiation, development, accentuation, presence of a danger which is triggered suddenly). These analyzes were carried out during the three years of research, respectively, 2020 - 2022. The paper presents a case study for one of the most serious situations, in which a landslide on Valea Cufundoasă street, on the slope belonging to the Solovan Hill, produced the complete destruction of a household in the year 2000.
Response boosts serial dependence in the numerosity estimation task
Authors: MORIMOTO Yukihiro , MAKIOKA Shogo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Perceptions of current stimuli are sometimes biased toward or away from past perceptions. This phenomenon is called serial dependence. However, the strength of the effect of past responses on serial dependencehas not been fully elucidated. We conducted experiments with a task in which participants estimated the number of dot arrays (numerosity estimation task) and directly compared whether the strength of serial dependence changed in the numerosity estimation task when participants responded or did not respond in the immediately preceding trial. We also examined whether the strength of serial dependence affected the accuracy of the numerosity estimation. We found that attractive serial dependence was stronger when participants responded in the immediately preceding trial than when they only saw the stimulus. This was thought to have occurred because the symbols representing numbers are not activated by simply looking at the dot array. The results suggested that for serial dependence to occur, the representation used for the response on the current trial must have been activated in the previous trial. The magnitude of the serial dependence effect was not observed to affect numerosity estimation performance, and no evidence was found that serial dependence enhances accuracy in the numerosity estimation task.
Impact of photon flux density and light spectral quality on biomass production and arbutin compound accumulation in Origanum majorana L. plantlets
Authors: Cossa Melvis Celeste Vilanculos , Rocha João Pedro Miranda , de Assis Rafael Marlon Alves , Leite Jeremias José Ferreira , Texeira Lurdeslaine Faria , Bertolucci Suzan Kelly Vilela , Pinto José Eduardo Brasil Pereira 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Light is one of the factors that influence the growth, development and synthesis of secondary metabolites of different plant species in vitro. Origanum majorana is an aromatic plant belonging to a group of plants that produce arbutin, a substance of importance in the cosmetic industry. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of light intensity and wavelength on the growth and accumulation of arbutin in vitro in plantlets. Nodal segments were grown in MS culture medium under photon flux densities of 26, 51, 69, 94 and 130 µmol m− 2 s− 1. In the light spectrum, nodal segments were grown under different light-emitting diodes LED: red; blue; a combination of blue and red light (30% B:70% R; 50% B:50% R; 70% B:30% R); and white, yellow and green. After 40 days, the growth, photosynthetic pigments and arbutin accumulation were evaluated by HPLC-DAD. The lowest light intensity (26 µmol m− 2 s− 1) provided a higher content of photosynthetic pigments, and the intensity of 94 µmol m− 2 s− 1 increased dry biomass accumulation. Greater accumulation of arbutin was observed under a higher light intensity of 130 µmol m − 2 s − 1. Regarding the quality of light, different wavelengths did not significantly affect the number of shoots or shoot length. The white light spectrum stimulated a greater accumulation of dry biomass. The green light provided a greater accumulation of photosynthetic pigments. The amount of arbutin was influenced by the different light spectra. The red spectrum promoted the highest arbutin content, and the yellow inhibited.
In vitro fermentation with inoculated goat rumen to evaluate the degradation of diets supplemented with three levels of protected palmitic acid
Authors: Álvarez-Torres Jenny N , Bribiesca J. Efren Ramirez , Bautista-Martinez Yuridia , Crosby-Galvan Maria M , Granados-Rivera Lorenzo D , Ramirez-Mella Monica , Ruiz-Gonzalez Alexis 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Few studies evaluate the impact of a lipid-rich diet with palmitic acid (PA) in ruminal fermentation. The objective was to evaluate the in vitro bath culture of the protected PA on the ruminal fermentative variables. Four diets were used: a) without protected PA (nPA), b) inclusion of protected PA at three levels: PA3 = 3%, PA6 = 6%, and PA9 = 9% dry matter (DM). The results indicated that protected PA decreased gas production (p ≤ 0.05). DM and organic matter (OM) degradation after 72h of incubation linearly decreased (p ≤ 0.05) with a high level of protected PA. Neutral and acid detergent fiber degradation had no significant differences between treatments (p > 0.05). PA concentration in ruminal fluid had a linear effect with an increase from PA3 to PA9. Propionate had a quadratic effect (p ≤ 0.05) from nPA to PA3, and total volatile fatty acids had a linear decrease (p ≤ 0.05) from nPA to PA9. In conclusion, supplements with protected PA at 3 and 6% increased PA availability, and the results indicate good benefits of protected PA on fermentative variables. The doses of 3 and 6% of protected PA are recommended for use and evaluation in lactating goats.
Societal well-being is reflected in outcomes of antidepressant clinical trials.
Authors: Lebedev Alexander , Acar Kasim , Osika Walter , Simonsson Otto , Kringelbach Morten , Deco Gustavo , Ingvar Martin , Petrovic Predrag 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
Placebo effect has been found to be a significant contributor to the outcomes of antidepressant treatment, leading to questions about its overall efficacy. Previous research has shown that global societal trends and events such as economic recessions and pandemics, significantly affect people's mental health. The relationship between the two has not previously been examined. The present study investigated how global social sentiment, as indexed by global suicide rates, is related to the the treatment response in clinical trials of antidepressants.
Methods
We scrutinized data from a 1979–2016 meta-analysis of antidepressant clinical trials for depression. Outcomes from placebo and active groups, including responders, remitters, and dropouts, were matched with annual global suicide rates. Linear and non-linear methods were leveraged to estimate effect-sizes.
Results
During periods with high suicide rates, placebo groups displayed fewer responders (r=-0.38,P < 0.001) and remitters (r=-0.42,P < 0.001), and a higher dropout rate (r = 0.56,P < 0.001). Active groups exhibited a similar pattern, but the placebo arms were affected more strongly. The findings held true after applying non-linear methods, alternative metrics, and accounting for initial depression severity, group size, publication year, trial duration, proportion of multi-center studies. Specificity analyses revealed that earlier suicide rates had stronger association with the trial outcomes, and in a subsample of studies conducted in North America suicide rates from more culturally distant countries had weaker association with the outcomes.
Conclusions
The placebo effects observed in antidepressant treatment are influenced by societal wellbeing, suggesting that socionomic sentiment should be taken into account when assessing the effectiveness of psychopharmacological interventions.
Hospital case-fatality and mortality related to Chagas disease in Brazil over two decades
Authors: Souza Eliana Amorim , Cruz Marly Marques , Ferreira Anderson Fuentes , Sousa Andrea Silvestre , Luiz Ronir Raggio , Palmeira Swamy Lima , Luquetti Alejandro Ostermayer , Heukelbach Jorg , Ramos Alberto Novaes 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
To analyse hospital case fatality and mortality related to Chagas disease (CD) in Brazil, 2000–2019.
Method
This is a mixed ecological study with spatial and temporal trends, based on national population data from the Brazilian Ministry of Health - hospital admissions (HA) and death certificates (DC). Records with CD as a primary or secondary cause of death in HA and/or as an underlying or associated cause of death in DC were evaluated. Temporal trends were analysed by Joinpoint regression and the spatial distribution of age- and gender-adjusted rates, spatial moving averages, and standardized morbidity ratios.
Results
There was a total of 4,376 HAs due to CD that resulted in death and 122,275 deaths from CD. The Southeast region recorded the highest proportions and rates of HAs resulting in death (63.9%, n = 2,796; 0.17/100,000 inhabitants), and overall deaths from CD (51.0%, n = 62,308; 3.79/100,000 inhabitants). The highest risk of CD-related death was found in males (Relative risk [RR] 1.27) and Afro-Brazilians (RR 1.63). There was an increase in hospital mortality from CD (Average Annual Percent Change [AAPC] 7.5, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 5.3 to 9.9), and stability in the North, Northeast and Southeast regions. For CD-related mortality, a decrease was observed in the country (AAPC − 0.7%, 95%CI -0.9 to -0.5), with an increase in the Northeast region (AAPC 1.1%, 95%CI 0.6 to 1.6). Municipalities with a very high Brazilian Deprivation Index tended to show increased mortality (AAPC 2.1%, 95%CI 1.6 to 2.7), while the others showed a decrease.
Conclusion
Hospital case fatality and specific mortality due to CD are a relevant public health problem in Brazil. Differences related to gender, ethnicity, and social vulnerability reinforce the need for comprehensive care, and to ensure equity in access to health in the country. Municipalities, states, and regions with indicators that reveal higher morbidity and mortality need to be prioritized.
The Dual Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic and Medical Consumables Policy on Cardiac Surgery care in China: a Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Tianyi , Wang Shan , Yan Li , Bai Huajuan , Ma Xiaolong , Guo Jiugong , Liu Jianchao , Liu Lihua 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
China introduced Reforms on High Value Medical Consumables (RHVMC) to reduce expenses during COVID-19 pandemic. However, there exists a paucity of data regarding the adult cardiac surgical care under the combined effect of COVID-19 pandemic and RHVMC policy.
Methods
This cohort included data on cardiac surgery patients aged over 18 years, based on medical records from 17 Chinese hospitals from January 2019 to December 2019 (prepandemic period) and January 2020 to December 2021 (pandemic and RHVMC period). Interrupted time series analysis were used to estimate the change in monthly cardiac surgery admissions between the two periods. Additionally, multivariable regression and propensity score matching (PSM) analyses were used to assess the association of COVID-19 pandemic and RHVMC with in-hospital mortality, complications, 30-day readmissions, length of stay (LOS) and costs at patient-level.
Results
This study included 8154 cardiac surgery patients with mean (SD) age of 60.60(10.28) years in the prepandemic cohort and 60.75(10.48) years in the pandemic and RHVMC cohort. The period of pandemic and RHVMC was associated an immediate 47.04% decrease (95CI: -60.56%- -48,20%) followed by a gradual monthly 2.22% (95CI: 0.85%- 3.62%) increase in the volume of cardiac surgery, and 30.32% increase followed by monthly 2.47% decrease in hospitalization proportions based on ITS analyses. Multivariable and PSM analyses showed that the period of pandemic and RHVMC was associated a 5%, 3% and 52% decrease in LOS, costs and risk of cerebral infraction/hemorrhage; but a 66% and 81% increase in the risk of arrhythmia and pneumonia. The in-hospital mortality and 30-day readmissions were similar between the two periods.
Conclusions
The combination of COVID-19 pandemic and RHVMC was associated with a reduction in LOS and costs, but an increase in the risk of arrhythmia and pneumonia among cardiac surgery patients. Future attention should be focused on the risk of arrhythmia and pneumonia in these patients.
Event-Triggered Confidentiality Fusion Estimation Against Eavesdroppers in Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Xu Daxing , Chen Zhiqiang , Wang Hailun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

System state plays an important role in cyber-physical systems (CPSs). Ensuring the security of the CPSs is a key issue that can be widely applied. The confidentiality of system state is a fundamental feature of the CPSs security. This paper studies the distributed fusion estimation problem in the presence of eavesdropper, where local sensors send their estimates to a remote fusion center (FC). To prevent eavesdropping, the event triggered scheduling strategy was adopted on each sensor. Some sufficient conditions on the triggers’ threshold were derived to make the eavesdropping expected covariance unbounded while the expected error covariance for the user remains bounded. Moreover, the distributed confidentiality fusion estimation algorithm is provided to achieve perfect expected secrecy. Finally, simulations of different trigger levels for two local systems are employed to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Combination protein biomarkers predict multiple sclerosis diagnosis and outcomes
Authors: Kodosaki Eleftheria , Watkins W John , Loveless Sam , Kreft Karim L , Richards Aidan , Anderson Valerie , Hurler Lisa , Robertson Neil P , Zelek Wioleta M , Tallantyre Emma C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Establishing biomarkers to predict multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis and prognosis has been challenging using a single biomarker approach. We hypothesised that a combination of biomarkers would increase the accuracy of prediction models to differentiate MS from other neurological disorders and enhance prognostication for people with MS. We measured 24 fluid biomarkers in the blood and CSF of 77 people with MS and 80 people with other neurological disorders, using ELISA or Single Molecule Array (SiMoA) assays. Primary outcomes were multiple sclerosis versus any other diagnosis, time to first relapse, and time to disability milestone (Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) 6), adjusted for age and sex. Multivariate prediction models were calculated using the area under the curve (AUC) value for diagnostic prediction, and concordance statistics (the percentage of each pair of events that are correctly ordered in time for each of the Cox regression models) for prognostic predictions. Predictions using combinations of biomarkers were considerably better than single biomarker predictions. The combination of CSF[chitinase-3-like-1 + TNF-receptor-1 + solubleCD27] and serum[Osteopontin + MCP-1] had an AUC of 0.95 for diagnosis of MS compared to the best discriminative single marker in blood (Osteopontin: AUC 0.84) and CSF (chitinase-3-like-1: AUC 0.84). Prediction for time to next relapse was optimal with a combination of CSF[vitamin D binding protein + Factor I + C1inhibitor] + serum[Factor B + Interleukin-4 + C1inhibitor] (concordance 0.80), and time to EDSS 6 was optimally predicted by CSF[C9 + Neurofilament-light] + serum[chitinase-3-like-1 + CCL27 + vitamin D binding protein + C1inhibitor] (concordance 0.98). A combination of fluid biomarkers has a higher accuracy to differentiate MS from other neurological disorders and significantly improved the prediction of the development of sustained disability in MS. Serum models rivalled those of cerebrospinal fluid, holding promise for a non-invasive approach.