bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maximum likelihood gradient‐based iterative estimation for closed‐loop Hammerstein nonlinear systems
Authors: Xia Huafeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article studies a new iterative method for a class of closed‐loop Hammerstein systems. The new iterative method solves the crossproducts between the parameters of the linear block and the nonlinear block by using the key term separation technique, decomposes a system into two subidentification models by utilizing the hierarchical identification principle for reduced computational complexity, and maximizes the maximum likelihood cost function by using the input and output data with a data window for improved parameter estimation accuracy. A numerical simulation example and a continuous stirred tank reactor experiment are presented to demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can work effectively.
The Polifonia Ontology Network: Building a Semantic Backbone for Musical Heritage
Authors: de Berardinis Jacopo , Carriero Valentina Anita , Jain Nitisha , Lazzari Nicolas , Meroño-Peñuela Albert , Poltronieri Andrea , Presutti Valentina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the music domain, several ontologies have been proposed to annotate musical data, in both symbolic and audio form, and generate semantically rich Music Knowledge Graphs. However, current models lack interoperability and are insufficient for representing music history and the cultural heritage context in which it was generated; risking the propagation of recency and cultural biases to downstream applications. In this article, we propose the Polifonia Ontology Network (PON) for music cultural heritage, centred around four modules: Music Meta (metadata), Representation (content), Source (provenance) and Instrument (cultural objects). We design PON with a strong accent on cultural stakeholder requirements and competency questions (CQs), contributing an NLP-based toolkit to support knowledge engineers in generating, validating, and analysing them; and a novel, high-quality CQ dataset produced as a result. We show current and future use of these resources by internal project pilots, early adopters in the music industry, and opportunities for the Semantic Web and Music Information Retrieval communities.
Investigation of 300M ultra-high-strength steel deposited by wire-based gas metal arc additive manufacturing
Authors: Wang Jun , Diao Chenglei , Taylor Mark , Wang Chong , Pickering Ed , Ding Jialuo , Pimentel Misael , Williams Stewart 
Published: November 2023

Abstract300 M ultra-high-strength steel (UHSS) is widely used to produce landing gear components for aircraft. The conventional manufacturing route for these components involves extensive machining and significant material wastage. Here, the application of wire-based gas metal arc additive manufacturing to produce 300 M UHSS parts was investigated. In particular, the influence of torch shielding atmosphere on the process stability and material performance of 300 M UHSS was investigated. The shielding gases used for comparison are pure Ar, Ar with 2.5% CO2, Ar with 8% CO2, Ar with 20% CO2, and Ar with 2% CO2 and 38% He. It was found that the arc length decreased, the transfer mode changed from spray to droplet mode, and spattering became more severe as the CO2 proportion increased. Additionally, replacing Ar with He led to a broader arc core, and a slightly shorter arc length and maintained a spray transfer, which decreased spatter. The wall surface roughness followed the trend in spatter, becoming worse with the increasing CO2 proportion, and better with He addition. Adding CO2 and He in pure Ar significantly increased the bead and wall width. The microstructure and mechanical properties exhibited a strong location dependence in the as-built state, with fresh martensite and higher strength in the top region, and tempered martensite and better ductility in the reheated bulk. Generally, torch shielding gas composition appeared to have no significant effect on the microstructure evolution. This study provides a reference for the subsequent application of gas metal arc additive manufacturing to aircraft landing gear mass production to achieve a high deposition rate and process stability simultaneously.
Repro-protective activity of amygdalin and spirulina platensis in niosomes and conventional forms against aluminum chloride–induced testicular challenge in adult rats: role of CYP11A1, StAR, and HSD-3B expressions
Authors: Abo El-Ela Fatma I. , Gamal Amr , El-Banna Hossny A. , Ibrahim Marwa A , El-Banna Ahmed H. , Abdel-Razik Abdel-Razik H. , Abdel-Wahab Ahmed , Hassan Walid Hamdy , Abdelghany Asmaa K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe male reproductive system is negatively influenced by Al exposure. Al represented a considerable hazard to men’s reproduction capabilities. Amygdalin (AMG) and spirulina platensis (SP) have been considered to have a strong antioxidant and repro-protective activity; also, targeted drug delivery systems called niosomes improve the distribution of water-soluble medications like amygdalin and spirulina. Current study targeted to determine the effectiveness of AMG and SP against negative reproductive impact resulted by aluminum chloride (AlCl3) toxicity. Sixty adult male albino rats were separated into 6 groups, including the control group, which received distilled water; AlCl3 group, which received AlCl3; AMG+AlCl3 group, which received AlCl3+AMG; AMGLN+AlCl3 group, which received AlCl3+amygdalin-loaded niosomes; SP+AlCl3 group, which received AlCl3+SP; and SPLN+AlCl3 group, which received AlCl3+spirulina-loaded niosomes. All treatments were orally gavaged daily for 5 weeks, and rats were weighed weekly. At the termination of the experiment, some males (three from each group) were used for fertility traits via mating thirty virgin rat females (in a ratio of 1:2 and 2:3 male:female, respectively) followed by recording of birth weights and litter size (number of pups per each female) at birth to assess males’ reproductive capability. Other males were euthanized for collection of serum, epididymal semen samples, and tissue samples for biochemical, sperm evaluation, gene expression, and histopathological measurements. There are a considerable number of negative impacts of AlCl3 on male fertility clarified by declined serum testosterone levels; an increased oxidative stress (MDA, TAC); deteriorated semen quality; down-regulation of CYP11A1, StAR, and HSD-3b gene expressions; and testicular tissue degenerative changes. In addition, litter size (number of pups per each female) and birth weights of pups obtained from mated females were affected. AMG and SP treatments, either in niosomal or conventional form, alleviated the AlCl3 negative effects by reducing oxidative stress; increasing testosterone levels; improving semen quality; upregulating of CYP11A1, StAR, and HSD-3b gene expressions; and reducing degenerative changes of testicular tissue. Besides, negative reproductive effect was diminished as observed by changes in the litter size (number of pups per each female) and birth weights of pups obtained from mated females. AMG and SP treatments (either in niosomal or conventional form), ameliorated the AlCl3 negative effects as they possess powerful antioxidant activity, as well as they have the ability to improve the reproductive activity of affected males.
Graphical abstract
Reliability of the global cortical atrophy visual rating scale applied to computed tomography versus magnetic resonance imaging scans in acute stroke
Authors: Hobden Georgina , Colbourne Emma , Pendlebury Sarah T. , Demeyere Nele 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Research using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggests regional cerebral atrophy measures (e.g., frontal lobe, temporal lobe) may predict post-stroke outcomes. Clinical CT scans have excellent potential for use in research but it is unclear whether regional atrophy measures from CT are reliable compared to MRI reference standards.

Methods
We used the Global Cortical Atrophy (GCA) scale to investigate reliability of atrophy measures on CT versus MRI scans from stroke patients originally recruited to the Oxford Cognitive Screening programme. Two raters provided standardised visual ratings at two timepoints. Weighted Kappa statistics assessed the reliability of regional atrophy scores. Spearman’s correlation and a two-way repeated measures ANOVA assessed the reliability of the total score.

Results
On clinically acquired neuroimaging from 98 stroke patients (mean/SD age = 70.97/11.99, 42 female, 84 ischaemic stroke), regional GCA scores on CT versus MRI showed fair to almost perfect intra-rater agreement (κ = .50–.87), substantial to almost perfect intra-rater agreement on CT (κ = .67–.88), and moderate to almost perfect intra-rater reliability on MRI (κ = .50–.89). Regional GCA scores showed mostly moderate to substantial inter-rater reliability on both CT and MRI (κ = .43–.69), except the temporal horns and parieto-occipital region. There was a strong correlation between total GCA scores on CT and MRI (r (96) = .87–.88, p < .001).

Conclusions
These results support the use of cerebral atrophy measures from CT in clinical research, as visual ratings showed generally good agreement between CT and MRI, between raters, and between timepoints.
Evolution of Flame Displacement Speed Within Flame Front in Different Regimes of Premixed Turbulent Combustion
Authors: Chakraborty Nilanjan , Dopazo Cesar , Dunn Harry , Ahmed Umair 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA transport equation for the flame displacement speed evolution in premixed flames is derived from first principles, and the mean behaviours of the terms of this equation are analysed based on a Direct Numerical Simulation database of statistically planar turbulent premixed flames with a range of different Karlovitz numbers. It is found that the regime of combustion (or Karlovitz number) affects the statistical behaviour of the mean contributions of the terms of the displacement speed transport equation which are associated with the normal strain rate and curvature dependence of displacement speed. The contributions arising from molecular diffusion and flame curvature play leading order roles in all combustion regimes, whereas the terms arising from the flame normal straining and reactive scalar gradient become leading order contributors only for the flames with high Karlovitz number values representing the thin reaction zones regime. The mean behaviours of the terms of the displacement speed transport equation indicate that the effects arising from fluid-dynamic normal straining, reactive scalar gradient and flame curvature play key roles in the evolution of displacement speed. The mean characteristics of the various terms of the displacement speed transport equation are explained in detail and their qualitative behaviours can be expounded based on the behaviours of the corresponding terms in the case of 1D steady laminar premixed flames. This implies that the flamelet assumption has the potential to be utilised for the purpose of any future modelling of the unclosed terms of the displacement speed transport equation even in the thin reaction zones regime for moderate values of Karlovitz number.
A new fast screening method for estimating building materials hazard indices with correlated inputs
Authors: Rocznik Joanna , Pluta Julia , Tudyka Konrad , Poręba Grzegorz , Szymak Agnieszka 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this work we investigate a new fast screening method for estimation of chosen hazard indices (HI) using correlated inputs dedicated for small 3.00 g samples using a novel μDOSE. The system detects α and β particles separately, along with 220Rn/216Po, 219Rn/215Po, 212Bi/212Po and 214Bi/214Po decay pairs. Four separate decay pairs along with α and β particle count rates are used to quantify decay chains. The excess β count rates is used to quantify the 40K radioactivity. This provides radionuclide estimates that are correlated—and this correlation is taken into account in calculating hazard indices with their corresponding uncertainties. Calculated hazard indices are verified against state-of-the-art High Resolution Gamma Spectrometry (HRGS) equipped with a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector manufactured by Canberra. This research shows that results obtained with the μDOSE system correspond to the results obtained with HRGS and when the activity correlation is taken into account the HI uncertainties are similar in value for both methods.
Envisioning knowledge exchange in a gift economy
Authors: Lewis Leslie W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractKey to a new contract for education is understanding that knowledge is not scarce, it is not a commodity, and it does not belong in a market economy. Instead, knowledge exchange is gift exchange, and education, when not thwarted or constricted, demonstrates its abundance. The abundance of knowledge operates in ways similar to the abundance of nature, as described by the ecologist Robin Wall Kimmerer in her essay “The serviceberry: An economy of abundance”. We can therefore draw productive parallels between education and the new agroecology, which recognizes the intertwining nature and importance of the diversity of life and the gifts that come from the synergy of that diversity. Just as monoculture farming gives way to holistic farming, monoculture learning must also give way to a paradigm shift. Helping us envision this shift are arguments made in a court case in the US brought by the Department of Justice against 23 universities, including those in the Ivy League (US v Brown, 1992 and 1993). Through ideas expressed in court in defense of admissions practices, we can see how the cooperation necessary for a new education paradigm might be constructed. This essay invites us to more fully envision this new paradigm by focusing on the key shift that happens when knowledge exchange is understood to be gift exchange.
Affective memory, imagined emotion, and bodily imagery
Authors: Todd Cain 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper examines two phenomena that are usually treated separately but which resemble each other insofar as they both raise questions concerning the difference, if there is one, between so-called ‘real’ and ‘as if’ emotions: affective memory and imagined emotion. The existence of both states has been explicitly denied, and there are very few positive accounts of either. I will argue that there are no good grounds for scepticism about the existence of ‘as if’ emotions, but also that the existing positive accounts of them are all explanatorily inadequate. Comparing the two phenomena directly, I contend, allows us to defend the existence of both by showing how they essentially involve the same ‘affective bodily imagery’. The final part of the paper offers an original, empirically informed account of the nature of this imagery, the role it plays in ‘as if’ emotions, and how it may help illuminate some important connections between memory, imagination, and emotion.
Evaluating virtualization for fog monitoring of real-time applications in mixed-criticality systems
Authors: Cinque Marcello , De Simone Luigi , Mazzocca Nicola , Ottaviano Daniele , Vitale Francesco 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTechnological advances in embedded systems and the advent of fog computing led to improved quality of service of applications of cyber-physical systems. In fact, the deployment of such applications on powerful and heterogeneous embedded systems, such as multiprocessors system-on-chips (MPSoCs), allows them to meet latency requirements and real-time operation. Highly relevant to the industry and our reference case-study, the challenging field of nuclear fusion deploys the aforementioned applications, involving high-frequency control with hard real-time and safety constraints. The use of fog computing and MPSoCs is promising to achieve safety, low latency, and timeliness of such control. Indeed, on one hand, applications designed according to fog computing distribute computation across hierarchically organized and geographically distributed edge devices, enabling timely anomaly detection during high-frequency sampling of time series, and, on the other hand, MPSoCs allow leveraging fog computing and integrating monitoring by deploying tasks on a flexible platform suited for mixed-criticality software, leading to so-called mixed criticality systems (MCSs). However, the integration of such software on the same MPSoC opens challenges related to predictability and reliability guarantees, as tasks interfering with each other when accessing the same shared MPSoC resources may introduce non-deterministic latency, possibly leading to failures on account of deadline overruns. Addressing the design, deployment, and evaluation of MCSs on MPSoCs, we propose a model-based system development process that facilitates the integration of real-time and monitoring software on the same platform by means of a formal notation for modeling the design and deployment of MPSoCs. The proposed notation allows developers to leverage embedded hypervisors for monitoring real-time applications and guaranteeing predictability by isolation of hardware resources. Providing evidence of the feasibility of our system development process and evaluating the industry-relevant class of nuclear fusion applications, we experiment with a safety-critical case-study in the context of the ITER nuclear fusion reactor. Our experimentation involves the design and evaluation of several prototypes deployed as MCSs on a virtualized MPSoC, showing that deployment choices linked to the monitor placement and virtualization configurations (e.g., resource allocation, partitioning, and scheduling policies) can significantly impact the predictability of MCSs in terms of Worst-Case Execution Times and other related metrics.
Association between ambient air pollution exposure in pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome in Nanjing, China
Authors: Hu Bimei , Xu Linjie , Yang Xu , Qu Shiwen , Wu Lan , Sun Yumei , Yan Jun , Zhang Yexiao , Yu Zhaoer , Wang Yixiao , Jia Ruizhe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAntenatal exposure to air pollutants is thought to be associated with a variety of maternal blood markers as well as adverse birth outcomes. However, the dysgenic influence of air pollutants on the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in mothers and their pregnancy outcomes remains unclear. In the current study, 371 mother-infant pairs (189 healthy: 182 APS) from Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital as well as air pollutants concentration from their living environment were used to investigate correlations between air pollution with maternal blood indicators and fetal birth weight in the groups of APS and healthy mothers. Generalized linear model was used to evaluate the contributions of air pollutant exposure during pregnancy to the blood indicators variation. The relationships between birth weight with specific air pollutant and blood index were analyzed using ridge regression. Results showed that APS fetal birth weight was significantly impacted by air pollutant exposure during pregnancy, in particular, the birth weight decreased significantly along with increasing fine particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and fine particulate matter 10 (PM10) exposure concentrations throughout pregnancy. In contrast, birth weight increased significantly with sulfur dioxide (SO2) exposure. In addition, APS-related blood indicators comprised of platelet distribution width (PDW), total bilirubin (TBIL), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet-larger cell ratio (P_LCR), homocysteine (HCY), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), direct bilirubin (DBIL), basophilic granulocyte (BAS), platelet thrombocytocrit (PCT), preprandial glucose levels (OGTT0), monocytes (MON), and monocytes ratio (MON_ratio) were also strongly related with prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and PM10, in which PDW levels showed most strongly negative impaction on fetal birth weight. Together, we showed that prenatal exposure to air pollutant (PM2.5 and PM10) may exacerbate the poor birth outcomes of low birth weight by impacting APS maternal blood indicators especially for PDW.
Population-level impact of adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine on the incidence of metastatic breast cancer: an epidemiological prediction model of women with HER2-positive early breast cancer and residual disease following neoadjuvant therapy
Authors: Williamson Mellissa , Press David J. , Hansen Svenn Alexander , Tomar Akanksha , Jhuti Gurleen Singh , Revil Cedric , Gururaj Kaustubh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Treating early-stage breast cancer (eBC) may delay or prevent subsequent metastatic breast cancer (mBC). In the phase 3 KATHERINE study, women with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive eBC with residual disease following neoadjuvant therapy containing trastuzumab and a taxane experienced 50% reductions in disease recurrence or death when treated with adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) vs adjuvant trastuzumab. We predicted the population-level impact of adjuvant T-DM1 on mBC occurrence in five European countries (EU5) and Canada from 2021–2030.

Methods
An epidemiological prediction model using data from national cancer registries, observational studies, and clinical trials was developed. Assuming 80% population-level uptake of adjuvant treatment, KATHERINE data were extrapolated prospectively to model projections. Robustness was evaluated in alternative scenarios.

Results
We projected an eligible population of 116,335 women in Canada and the EU5 who may be diagnosed with HER2-positive eBC and have residual disease following neoadjuvant therapy from 2021–2030. In EU5, the cumulative number of women projected to experience relapsed mBC over the 10-year study period was 36,009 vs 27,143 under adjuvant trastuzumab vs T-DM1, a difference of 8,866 women, equivalent to 25% fewer cases with the use of adjuvant T-DM1 in EU5 countries from 2021–2030. Findings were similar for Canada.

Conclusion
Our models predicted greater reductions in the occurrence of relapsed mBC with adjuvant T-DM1 vs trastuzumab in the indicated populations in EU5 and Canada. Introduction of T-DM1 has the potential to reduce population-level disease burden of HER2-positive mBC in the geographies studied.