bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single males among wild women? Gender trouble in the parodos of Euripides’ Bacchae
Authors: Bednarek Bartłomiej 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
According to scholarly tradition, maenadic practices were exclusively feminine. Thus, the parodos of Euripides’ Bacchae is thought to contain references and allusions to rituals from which men were either excluded or could participate only by way of exception. As I argue, however, the text does not actually contain any clues to such an effect. Instead, the chorus insists on male participation in Dionysian rituals and invites the fictional men of Thebes to join them in the cult.
Ventris’ Grids
Authors: Stavrakakis Emmanouil 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
What is the relationship between Michael Ventris’ decipherment of Linear B and his architecture? The British architect who—against all philologists, archaeologists, and linguists—deciphered the ancient script is still renowned as a decipherer but a long-forgotten figure in the realm of architecture. This article compares the two operations; deciphering (writing) and drawing with the use of a series of his drawings (many of which have never been published before). Through a formal analysis of the various types of grids coming from his work on architecture and on the decipherment, this piece claims that Ventris used the construction of maps (Guides) of the modern buildings of London as an exercise for the mapping of the signs of Linear B. The argument rests on how certain operations of architecture can be understood outside architecture. (What counts as architectural?) On the one hand, it adds to the fascinating story of Michael Ventris and the decipherment of Linear B. On the other hand, it contributes to our understanding of the radical operation of pattern recognition in the predigital (analogical) world of architecture.
Efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of an investigational maternal respiratory syncytial virus prefusion F protein-based vaccine
Authors: Banooni Peyman , Gonik Bernard , Epalza Cristina , Reyes Osvaldo , Madhi Shabir A , Gomez-Go Grace Devota , Zaman Khalequ , Llapur Conrado Juan , López-Medina Eduardo , Stanley Thorsten , Kantele Anu , Huang Li-Min , Mussi-Pinhata Marisa Márcia , Dewulf Jonas , Langley Joanne M , Seidl Claudia , Ota Martin , Kirabo Martha , Anspach Bruno , Dieussaert Ilse , Henry Ouzama , Kim Joon Hyung , Picciolato Marta 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
In this phase 3 trial of an investigational maternal respiratory syncytial virus prefusion F protein-based vaccine (RSVPreF3-Mat), a higher rate of preterm birth was observed in the vaccine (6.8%) versus the placebo group (4.9%). Trial enrollment and vaccination were stopped. Results of investigations into this safety signal were reported previously. Here, we describe end-of-trial efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety results.

Methods
Women 18-49 years old were randomized 2:1 to receive one dose of RSVPreF3-Mat (n=3557) or placebo (n=1771) at 240/7-340/7 weeks’ gestation. Primary outcomes were any and severe medically assessed RSV-associated lower respiratory tract disease (MA-RSV-LRTD) in infants until 6 months post-birth and safety until 12 months post-birth. Other efficacy outcomes were evaluated, along with immunogenicity (until 6 months post-partum/birth) and safety in mothers and infants.

Results
Efficacy in infants until 6 months post-birth was 65.5% (95% credible interval: 37.5-82.0) against any MA-RSV-LRTD, 69.0% (33.0-87.6) against severe MA-RSV-LRTD, and 50.1% (-3.6-75.8) against RSV hospitalization; it waned over time thereafter. Efficacy against MA-RSV-LRTD was 47.8% (-25.8-77.3) in low- and middle-income and 75.9% (46.1-91.5) in high-income countries. RSVPreF3-Mat induced a substantial increase in RSV-A neutralization titers in mothers, with efficient transplacental transfer of antibodies that persisted in infants until at least 6 months post-birth.

Conclusion
Consistent with the high titers of transplacentally transferred antibodies, this trial suggests a reduced risk of any/severe MA-RSV-LRTD and RSV hospitalization until 6 months post-birth in infants born to mothers immunized with RSVPreF3-Mat during pregnancy. However, vaccine development was terminated due to an identified preterm birth risk.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04605159
Sustainable solutions to the continuous threat of antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Spellberg Brad , Gilbert David N , Baym Michael , Bearman Gonzalo , Boyles Tom , Casadevall Arturo , Forrest Graeme N , Freling Sarah , Ghanem Bassam , Hamilton Fergus , Luna Brian , Moore Jessica , Musher Daniel M , Nielsen Travis B , Nori Priya , Phillips Matthew C , Pirofski Liise-Anne , Shorr Andrew F , Tong Steven Y C , Lee Todd C , McDonald Emily G 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR), advocates have called for passage of the Pioneering Antimicrobial Subscriptions To End Upsurging Resistance (PASTEUR) Act in the United States, which would appropriate $6 billion in new taxpayer-funded subsidies for antibiotic development. However, the number of antibiotics in clinical development, and US Food and Drug Administration approvals of new antibiotics, have already markedly increased in the last 15 years. Thus, instead of focusing on more economic subsidies, we recommend reducing selective pressure driving AMR by (1) establishing pay-for-performance mechanisms that disincentivize overprescribing of antibiotics, (2) focusing existing research and development funding on strategies that decrease reliance on antibiotics, and (3) changing regulation or law to require specialized training in antibiotic stewardship for a clinician to be able to prescribe new antibiotics that target unmet AMR need. To stabilize the antibiotic market, we recommend (1) establishment of an advisory board of clinical practitioners to more accurately target existing antibiotic incentives and (2) endowment of nonprofit companies that sustainably self-fund antibiotic discovery, creating a bench of molecules that can be partnered with industry at later stages of development.
Combination adjuvant improves influenza virus immunity by downregulation of immune homeostasis genes in lymphocytes
Authors: Dollinger Emmanuel , Hernandez-Davies Jenny , Felgner Jiin , Jain Aarti , Hwang Michael , Strahsburger Erwin , Nakajima Rie , Jasinskas Algimantas , Nie Qing , Pone Egest James , Othy Shivashankar , Davies David Huw 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Adjuvants play a central role in enhancing the immunogenicity of otherwise poorly immunogenic vaccine antigens. Combining adjuvants has the potential to enhance vaccine immunogenicity compared with single adjuvants, although the cellular and molecular mechanisms of combination adjuvants are not well understood. Using the influenza virus hemagglutinin H5 antigen, we define the immunological landscape of combining CpG and MPLA (TLR-9 and TLR-4 agonists, respectively) with a squalene nanoemulsion (AddaVax) using immunologic and transcriptomic profiling. Mice immunized and boosted with recombinant H5 in AddaVax, CpG+MPLA, or AddaVax plus CpG+MPLA (IVAX-1) produced comparable levels of neutralizing antibodies and were equally well protected against the H5N1 challenge. However, after challenge with H5N1 virus, H5/IVAX-1–immunized mice had 100- to 300-fold lower virus lung titers than mice receiving H5 in AddaVax or CpG+MPLA separately. Consistent with enhanced viral clearance, unsupervised expression analysis of draining lymph node cells revealed the combination adjuvant IVAX-1 significantly downregulated immune homeostasis genes, and induced higher numbers of antibody-producing plasmablasts than either AddaVax or CpG+MPLA. IVAX-1 was also more effective after single-dose administration than either AddaVax or CpG+MPLA. These data reveal a novel molecular framework for understanding the mechanisms of combination adjuvants, such as IVAX-1, and highlight their potential for the development of more effective vaccines against respiratory viruses.
Complete Integrability of Subriemannian Geodesic Flows on 𝕊7
Authors: Bauer Wolfram , Laaroussi Abdellah , Tarama Daisuke 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Four subriemannian (SR) structures over the Euclidean sphere $\mathbb{S}^{7}$ are considered in accordance to the previous literature. The defining bracket generating distribution is chosen as the horizontal space in the Hopf fibration, the quaternionic Hopf fibration, or spanned by a suitable number of canonical vector fields. In all cases the induced SR geodesic flow on $T^{*}\mathbb{S}^{7}$ is studied. Adapting a method by A. Thimm in [36], a maximal set of functionally independent and Poisson commuting first integrals are constructed, including the corresponding SR Hamiltonian. As a result, the complete integrability in the sense of Liouville is proved for the SR geodesic flow. It is observed that these first integrals arise as the symbols of commuting second-order differential operators one of them being a (not necessarily intrinsic) sublaplacian. On the way one explicitly derives the Lie algebras of all SR isometry groups intersected with $O(8)$.
Genetic and species rearrangements in microbial consortia impact biodegradation potential
Authors: Saati-Santamaría Zaki , Navarro-Gómez Pilar , Martínez-Mancebo Juan A , Juárez-Mugarza Maitane , Flores Amando , Canosa Inés 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Genomic reorganisation between species and horizontal gene transfer have been considered the most important mechanism of biological adaptation under selective pressure. Still, the impact of mobile genes in microbial ecology is far from being completely understood. Here we present the collection and characterisation of microbial consortia enriched from environments contaminated with emerging pollutants, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. We have obtained and further enriched two ibuprofen-degrading microbial consortia from two unrelated wastewater treatment plants. We have also studied their ability to degrade the drug and the dynamics of the reorganisations of the genetic information responsible for its biodegradation among the species within the consortium. Our results show that genomic reorganisation within microorganisms and species rearrangements occur rapidly and efficiently during the selection process, which may be facilitated by plasmids and/or transposable elements located within the sequences. We show the evolution of at least two different plasmid backbones on samples from different locations, showing rearrangements of genomic information, including genes encoding activities for IBU degradation. As a result, we found variations in the expression pattern of the consortia after evolution under selective pressure, as an adaptation process to the new conditions. This work provides evidence for changes in the metagenomes of microbial communities that allow adaptation under a selective constraint –ibuprofen as a sole carbon source– and represents a step forward in knowledge that can inspire future biotechnological developments for drug bioremediation.
Non-invasive quantification of bone (re) modeling dynamics in adults with osteogenesis imperfecta treated with Setrusumab using timelapse HR-pQCT
Authors: Hosseinitabatabaei Seyedmahdi , Vitienes Isabela , Rummler Maximillian , Birkhold Annette , Rauch Frank , Willie Bettina M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Timelapse imaging using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) has emerged as a noninvasive method to quantify bone (re)modelling. However, there is no consensus on how to perform the procedure. As part of the ASTEROID phase-2b multicenter trial, we used 29 same-day repeated scans from adults with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) to identify a method that minimized measurement error. We evaluated input image type, registration method, segmentation mask, and for grayscale images various values for the voxel density difference considered formed or resorbed, minimum formation/resorption cluster size, and Gaussian smoothing sigma. We verified the accuracy of our method and then used it on longitudinal scans (baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 month) from 78 participants to assess bone formation and resorption induced by an anabolic (setrusumab) and anti-catabolic (zoledronic acid) treatments as part of the ASTEROID trial. Regardless of image registration method, binary input images resulted in large errors ~13% and ~ 8% for first- and second-generation scanners, respectively. For the grayscale input images, errors were smaller for 3D compared to matched angle registration. For both scanner generations, a density threshold of 200mgHA/cm3 combined with Gaussian noise reduction resulted in errors &lt;1%. We verified the method was accurate by showing that similar regions of bone formation and resorption were identified when comparing each scan from the same-day repeated scans with a scan from another timepoint. Timelapse analysis revealed a dose-dependent increase in bone formation and resorption with setrusumab treatment. Zoledronic acid altered bone changes in favor of formation, although no changes reached statistical significance. This study identifies a timelapse method that minimizes measurement error, which can be used in future studies to improve the uniformity of results. This noninvasive imaging biomarker revealed dose dependent bone (re) modeling outcomes from one year of setrusumab treatment in adults with OI.
Boundedly finite-to-one functions
Authors: Hu Xiao , Shen Guozhen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A function is boundedly finite-to-one if there is a natural number $k$ such that each point has at most $k$ inverse images. In this paper, we prove in $\textsf{ZF}$ (i.e. the Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory without the axiom of choice) several results concerning this notion, among which are the following:
(1)For each infinite set $A$ and natural number $n$, there is no boundedly finite-to-one function from $\mathcal{S}(A)$ to $\mathcal{S}_{\leq n}(A)$, where $\mathcal{S}(A)$ is the set of all permutations of $A$ and $\mathcal{S}_{\leq n}(A)$ is the set of all permutations of $A$ moving at most $n$ points.
(2) For each infinite set $A$, there is no boundedly finite-to-one function from $\mathcal{B}(A)$ to $\textrm{fin}(A)$, where $\mathcal{B}(A)$ is the set of all partitions of $A$ such that every block is finite and $\textrm{fin}(A)$ is the set of all finite subsets of $A$.
Clinicopathological background of local recurrence in high grade sarcoma of the extremity with preoperative chemotherapy: a supplementary analysis of JCOG0304
Authors: Tsukushi Satoshi , Tanaka Kazuhiro , Kunisada Toshiyuki , Machida Ryunosuke , Takenaka Satoshi , Kawai Akira , Katagiri Hirohisa , Takeyama Masanobu , Endo Makoto , Hayashi Katsuhiro , Nakayama Robert , Hatano Hiroshi , Emori Makoto , Yoshida Shinichirou , Kojima Toshio , Sakamoto Akio , Imanishi Jungo , Kita Ryosuke , Ozaki Toshifumi , Iwamoto Yukihide 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The mainstay of treatment for soft-tissue sarcomas is complete resection with negative surgical margins. However, treatment strategies for local control including the frequency of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) and surgical margin differ greatly between Japan and other countries, and the optimal strategy of local control remains controversial.

Methods
A total of 70 patients with high-grade sarcoma who underwent surgery of the 72 patients enrolled in JCOG0304, were included. The primary endpoint was the proportion of local recurrence, and we investigated the clinicopathological background of local recurrence cases, including the surgical margins according to the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) margin classification or histological margin, and use of adjuvant RT.

Results
Local recurrence occurred in five patients, with a 5-year local recurrence proportion of 7.1% (95% confidence interval, 2.6%–14.8%) in 70 patients. The histological subtype were four cases of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) and 1 case of liposarcoma. The 5-year local recurrence proportions for UPS and non-UPS were 19.0% and 2.0%, respectively. Two of the five recurrent cases (40%) had adjuvant RT. The recurrent cases were four males and one female, median age 54 years (range: 33–66), JOA margin classification showed wide resection in four cases and marginal resection in one case, and histological margin showed negative in all five cases.

Conclusion
Despite the low proportion of adjuvant RT, local control of high-grade soft tissue sarcoma with preoperative chemotherapy in JCOG0304 was good. However, more detailed surgical margin evaluation and the use of adjuvant RT should be further investigated in the future for UPS.
Dental Caries, Erosive Tooth Wear, and Periodontal Status of Military Student Pilots in Finland: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Muhonen Annakaisa , Tanner Tarja , Päkkilä Jari , Huttunen Mika , Räsänen Sari , Moilanen Pernelle , Patinen Pertti , Leino Tuomo , Tjäderhane Leo , Anttonen Vuokko , Kämppi Antti 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Oral health is a crucial factor for service safety among military pilots, but studies specifically on pilots are still very few in Finland. The aim of this study was to assess the oral health status of military student pilots compared to other conscripts of the same age group.

Materials and Methods
The data were collected during the oral health examinations of the annual class of the Pilot Reserve Officer Course students at the beginning of their duty at the Air Force Academy (N = 38). A voluntary random sample of conscripts’ oral health data (N = 574) collected from the 8 largest garrisons was used as a peer group. The study included males born between 2000 and 2002. The examinations were conducted in accordance with the WHO guidelines. Values of decayed (DT), missing, and filled teeth as well as the combined decayed, missing, and filled teeth value were recorded along with Basic Erosive Wear Examination scoring and Community Periodontal Index. The study was designed in accordance with the STROBE guidelines.

Results
The proportion of student pilots without any decayed teeth (DT = 0) was 42.1% with third molars and 44.7% without third molars. Among other conscripts, the proportions were 29.1% and 30.8%, respectively. Mean DT values among student pilots were 1.16 (third molars included) and 1.11 (third molars not included) (P = .543), and among other conscripts 1.10 and 1.00 (P = .429), respectively.
The mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth values were 2.50 among student pilots and 3.34 among others (third molars included), and 2.18 and 3.10 (without third molars), respectively (P = .289 and .211).
The proportion of student pilots with at least moderate erosive tooth wear (Basic Erosive Wear Examination sum &gt; 2) was 68.4%, while for other conscripts it was 22.1% (P = .000). None of the student pilots fell into Community Periodontal Index class 3 or 4, whereas 9.9% of other conscripts did (P = .006).

Conclusions
The student pilots exhibited good overall oral health, which differed from that of other conscripts, mainly in terms of erosive changes. Continuous monitoring is crucial, as maintaining optimal oral health is vital for reducing the risk of barodontalgia and thus improving flight safety. Therefore, it is important to be aware that those who aspire to be military pilots are at an increased risk of erosive changes to their teeth.
The importance of nuclear star clusters for massive black hole growth and nuclear star formation in simulated low-mass galaxies
Authors: Partmann Christian , Lahén Thorsten NaabNatalia , Rantala Antti , Hirschmann Michaela , Hislop Jessica M , Petersson Jonathan , Johansson Peter H 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Observed low-mass galaxies with nuclear star clusters (NSCs) can host accreting massive black holes (MBH). We present simulations of dwarf galaxies ($M_{\mathrm{baryon}} \sim 0.6\hbox{--}2.4 \times 10^8 \rm \, M_\odot$) at solar mass resolution ($0.5\rm \, M_\odot &lt; m_{\mathrm{gas}} &lt; 4 \rm \, M_\odot$) with a multi-phase interstellar medium (ISM) and investigate the impact of NSCs on MBH growth and nuclear star formation (SF). The griffin simulation model includes non-equilibrium low temperature cooling, chemistry and the effect of H ii regions and supernovae (SN) from massive stars. Individual stars are sampled down to 0.08 $\rm M_\odot$ and their non-softened gravitational interactions with MBHs are computed with the regularised KETJU integrator. MBHs with masses in the range of $10^2 - 10^5 \, \rm M_\odot$ are represented by accreting sink particles without feedback. We find that the presence of NSCs boost nuclear SF (i.e. NSC growth) and MBH accretion by funneling gas to the central few parsecs. Low-mass MBHs grow more rapidly on ∼600 Myr timescales, exceeding their Eddington rates at peak accretion. MBH accretion and nuclear SF is episodic (i.e. leads to multiple stellar generations), coeval and regulated by SN explosions. On 40 – 60 Myr timescales the first SN of each episode terminates MBH accretion and nuclear SF. Without NSCs, low-mass MBHs do not grow and MBH accretion and reduced nuclear SF become irregular and uncorrelated. This study gives the first insights into the possible co-evolution of MBHs and NSCs in low-mass galaxies and highlights the importance of considering dense NSCs in galactic studies of MBH growth.
Incidence rates of tuberculosis and inflammatory bowel disease in patients with ankylosing spondylitis treated with biologics in Korea
Authors: Kwon Oh Chan , Lee Hye Sun , Yang Juyeon , Paul Thomas , Jin Hyerim , Lee Youkyung , Park Min-Chan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
To describe the incidence rates of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and tuberculosis (TB) in Korean patients with ankylosing spondylitis receiving biologics.

Methods
Data from a Korean claims database between 2010 and 2021 was used to calculate crude incidence rates of TB and IBD using number of events and total patient-years (PYs).

Results
Overall, 43 643 and 43 396 patients were included in TB and IBD cohorts, respectively. Exposure-adjusted incidence rates (EAIRs) of TB for non-exposure, TNF inhibitors (TNFis), and IL-17 inhibitors (IL-17is) were 0.14, 0.25 and 0.12 and of IBD were 0.18, 0.19 and 0.44 per 100 PYs, respectively. Incidence rates during biologic DMARD (bDMARD) non-exposure, adalimumab, etanercept, golimumab, infliximab, secukinumab and ixekizumab exposures for TB were 13.96, 27.79, 14.28, 21.19, 33.62, 12.74 and 0.00 and for IBD were 18.29, 19.98, 22.41, 18.85, 15.73, 44.99 and 0.00 per 10 000 PYs, respectively. Compared with bDMARD non-exposure, adalimumab, golimumab and infliximab exposures were associated with a significantly higher risk of TB. Etanercept and secukinumab exposure showed no significant increase in risk of TB. Compared with bDMARD non-exposure, exposure to biologics did not show a significant difference in risk of IBD.

Conclusion
EAIRs of TB and IBD with use of IL-17is in patients with AS were within anticipated low range. IL-17is had numerically lower incidence of TB, and numerically higher incidence of IBD compared with TNFis. Notably, secukinumab showed no increased risk of TB compared with bDMARD non-exposure. Neither TNFis nor IL-17is showed increased risk of IBD compared with bDMARD non-exposure.