bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Effect of Input Model Uncertainties on Hydraulic Fracture Modeling and Pressure History Matching
Authors: Sarmah A. , Nasrabadi H. , Suarez-Rivera R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study assesses the impact of input data uncertainties on hydraulic fracture simulations, pressure history matching, and prediction accuracy, using the publicly available GTI Hydraulic Fracturing Test Site 2 (HFTS-2) dataset. The goal is to discuss the consequences of uncertainties from measured and calculated variables on model calibrations, predictions, and forecasting. Using the HFTS-2 data, rock properties were analyzed from lab measurements and integrated with field petrophysical logs. Statistical clustering analysis of the field logs was employed to identify rock classes with similar bulk log responses, similar texture and composition, and potentially similar rock properties. Two models with 3 and 5 rock classes were selected for evaluation, and these were used to develop rock property profiles to create one-dimensional Mechanical Earth Models (1D-MEM) for hydraulic fracturing. The models assume laterally flat and homogeneous beds. The resulting stress profiles were calibrated to 3 existing Diagnostic Fracture Injection Tests (DFIT). Despite the HFTS-2's extensive dataset, variations in 1D-MEMs due to rock classification differences and uncertainties in reservoir pressure led to different in-situ stress models and consequently different fracture geometries, pressure matching adjustments, and production forecasts. The study highlights that traditional models often overlook the variability within rock properties and stress profiles, thereby limiting the precision of simulation outcomes. Understanding the uncertainties of the input data and the corresponding uncertainties of 1D-MEM and stress profiles is significant for forecasting and field planning. The modeling effort should be transparent regarding the physical processes that are represented in the model, the existing uncertainties in the input data, as well as the consequent uncertainties in the results. These changes will result in better interpretation of the model predictions and better field results.
Simulation-Driven Operational Value Optimization Within Design Constraints: A Case Study in Applying Dynamic Stage Lengths at Execution Pace
Authors: Eidson B. , Lutey J. , Christensen A. , Hervo S. , Macklon F. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Execution optimization for completions operations is often under-addressed. While asset development optimization (focusing on parameters that impact production such as well spacing, lateral lengths, and macro stage design) is essential in the maximization of well performance and economics, further optimization opportunities remain. These opportunities are typically unrealized due to the operational demands and traditional planning software programs’ lack of focus on completions process simulation and cost estimation. While ensuring development requirements are not violated, this work uniquely focuses on execution optimization. Novel software, distinctively capable of empowering overextended, operations-focused engineers to perform optimizations previously impractical to perform. Quick analyses with high-level assumptions have been transformed into quick analyses with extensive detail and accuracy. Specifically, this paper documents a reproducible workflow for increasing stage length (by holding cluster spacing constant and increasing clusters per stage) throughout a lateral while maintaining development constraints. Representative completions cycle time and cost reductions are quantified. It is found that cycle time and cost reductions of 6.3% and 2.3% per well can be realized.
Permian Ultra-Long Lateral Drillout and Intervention Using Hydraulic Completion Units
Authors: Henson J. , Kamps E. J. , Vinasco S. , Tourigny M. , O’Brien M. , Frantz J. , Gonzales J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Oil and gas companies and the service sector continue to push the limits of technology. Operators are now drilling and completing 4-mile laterals in the Permian Basin and using Hydraulic Completion Units (HCU's) to complete and intervene in these ultra long laterals. This case study will present ExxonMobil and Deep Well Services’ preparation, execution and lessons learned from milling frac plugs and intervention operations on a set of 8 ultra-long lateral wells in the Permian Basin.
Obtaining Connectivity and Conductivity of Fractures During Geothermal Fluid Circulation Shut-In from Hydro-Thermo-Geomechanical Modeling of Distributed Strain Data
Authors: Ou Yuhao , Liu Qianjun , Sharma Mukul 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Good inter-well connectivity and conductivity are crucial to the success of any enhanced geothermal system (EGS). The primary objective of this paper is to gain insights into the connectivity and conductivity of the hydraulic fracture network created in EGS wells. To accomplish this objective, we quantitatively modeled and interpreted distributed strain data from fiber that we installed in a geothermal well at the Utah FORGE site. A fully 3-D thermo-geomechanical model was modified to simulate changes in wellbore strain during circulation and shut-in periods after EGS fluid circulation. The model incorporates full coupling of reservoir rock deformation with non-isothermal flow within the reservoir, fracture, and wellbore. Changes in strain are simulated and compared with actual distributed fiber strain measurements during fluid circulation and shut-in periods. By integrating the model results with the data, we are able to interpret the fiber data to characterize the fracture conductivity and stimulated reservoir volume (SRV).
Field wellhead pressure data sets from the injector and producer are used to constrain the EGS circulation simulations. The distributed strain change data acquired during EGS shut-in operations can be classified into two main categories: normal post-circulation shut-in and injection-only shut-in. The simulation results align well with the distributed strain change data measured in the production well during the FORGE July 2023 circulation test. Clear tensional strain change signals indicate the locations of intersecting hydraulic fractures. When injection stops, pressure recharge in the vicinity of the producer increases the near-wellbore tensional strain, which is monitored by fiber optic measurements. Sensitivity analysis provides insights into how these cumulative strain change signals during EGS shut-in are affected by changes in fracture and formation characteristics. Differences in distributed strain change data obtained under the two proposed shut-in scenarios are compared and analyzed, providing guidance on how fiber optic strain change monitoring should be conducted for better evaluation of the circulation system. This paper presents, for the first time, an integration of distributed strain change data during post-circulation shut-in with a thermo-geomechanical model to gain insights into the connectivity and conductivity of the fracture network connecting injection and production wells.
Unifying DFOS Diagnostics to Describe Fracture Morphology
Authors: Byrd D. , Conner T. , Cox C. , Aljawfi F. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Understanding fracture morphology is crucial for oil and gas companies, as it influences well placement, trajectory, completions, stimulated reservoir volume, and overall well economics. This study leverages Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing (DFOS) to provide insights into fracture placement, complexity, flow uniformity, regional stresses, geohazards, and interstage communication effects. By integrating near and far field measurements, a comprehensive understanding of fracture propagation driven by completions and geology can be achieved.
The methodology involves collecting fiber data from both a treatment well and an offset well. Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) and/or Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) are used to measure flow into each cluster of the treatment well, while Distributed Strain Sensing data are collected from the offset well. These data are overlaid to match flow uniformity with cumulative strain profiles, generating a likeness coefficient to describe the similarity of the two measurements and the relationship between the strain corridor and stage length. The strain profile further provides a measure of far field uniformity, indicating the contribution of clusters to the far field.
Results indicate that fracture morphology for each stage demonstrates a degree of simplification that increases with distance, suggesting that on a macro scale fractures propagate as simple planar structures rather than gaining complexity. Additionally, any stage domain corridor wider than the stage length is attributed to interstage communication. These findings help validate erosional DAS flow models, thermo-hydraulic models, and fracture models, highlighting the relationship between uniformity, volume, and initial response.
This research offers operators a deeper understanding of fracture behavior and stimulated reservoir volume. Notably, it proposes that flow distribution estimations in the far field can be achieved without in-well fiber, based on the strong correlation between cluster flow allocation, cumulative strain profiles, and volume to initial response. Unlike previous studies, this work unifies the mechanisms, applies metrics and calculations, and generates uniformity metrics from the far field, providing novel insights into fracture mechanics.
Folate Metabolism in Colorectal Cancer Reveals Links Between Clinical and Immune Traits, Identifying CYP26A1 as a Target
Authors: Zhang Jian , Zhu Yifei , Zhou Teng , Li Doudou , Zheng Yao , Yao Yanxi , Lin Minxi , Zeng Cheng , Yan Yuxin , Zhou Yifei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:Folic acid plays a key role in cellular regulation and metabolism, commonly found in dietary supplements. However, its complex role in colorectal cancer (CRC), particularly in metabolism and immune evasion, remains unclear.
Methods:We developed the FMRG_score system using machine learning algorithms based on TCGA and GEO databases to assess modification patterns influencing CRC patients' clinical and immune characteristics. The system’s reliability was validated using multiple external clinical cohorts receiving immunotherapy. We further explored the relationships between FMRGs-related features and clinical traits, mutation profiles, biological functions, immune infiltration, therapy response, and drug sensitivity.
Results:By combining in vitro experiments and bioinformatics analysis, we established a 9-gene risk model associated with folate metabolism to predict CRC prognosis. Notably, CYP26A1, a key component of the model, was upregulated in CRC tissues, promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Significant differences in clinical traits, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression, therapy response, and drug sensitivity were observed between risk groups.
Conclusion:The folate scoring system can assess CRC prognosis, tumor microenvironment, and immune therapy response. This is the first study proposing CYP26A1 as an oncogene in CRC.
Extracellular vesicles from immortalised human amniotic epithelial cells reduce hepatic fibrosis in mice with Steatohepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Goonetilleke Mihiri , Correia Jeanne , Chen Yuan , McDonald Hannah , Chan Siow , Inocencio Ishmael , Cross Jonathon , Greening David , Simpson Ian , Sievert William , Lim Rebecca 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) describe progressive stages of liver disease that occurs secondary to inflammation driven by abnormal hepatic lipid accumulation. Treatment that addresses the pathophysiology that underlies MASH/HCC progression is currently lacking. Human amniotic epithelial cell derived EVs (hAEC-EVs) demonstrate anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic and reparative properties.
Methods
We aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of immortalised hAEC-EVs (ihAEC-EVs) in a murine model of MASH and HCC and characterize both protein and miRNA cargo to explain therapeutic mechanisms. MASH and HCC was induced in mice following a ‘western diet’ and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) exposure for 12 weeks or 24 weeks respectively. 10µg of ihAEC EVs (treatment) and 10mg/kg obeticholic acid (treatment benchmark) was administered via oral gavage. Serum was collected for metabolic parameter analysis and livers were collected for histological and molecular analysis.
Results
Oral administration of ihAEC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) significantly reduced liver fibrosis and inflammation in MASH by reducing hepatic stellate cells and macrophages. These findings are supported by protein and miRNA analysis that reveals presence of EV cargo that modulates pathways linked to hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, and LPC response.
Conclusions
These findings indicate that oral administration of ihAEC-EVs is a promising cell-free therapy for the treatment of MASLD and MASH, having a significant impact on the treatment possibilities for patient's suffering from chronic liver disease. Further, this study allowed us to deduce and validate pathways involved in MASH progression and identify candidate proteins and miRNAs to focus on for future mechanism of action experiments.
Exciton-polariton condensate in the van der Waals magnet CrSBr
Authors: Han Bo , Shan Hangyong , Song Kok Wee , Lackner Lukas , Esmann Martin , Solovyeva Vita , Eilenberger Falk , Regner Jakub , Sofer Zdenek , Kyriienko Oleksandr , Schneider Christian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Van der Waals magnets are an emergent material class of paramount interest for fundamental studies in coupling light with matter excitations, which are uniquely linked to their underlying magnetic properties. Among these materials, the magnetic semiconductor CrSBr is possibly a first playground where we can study simultaneously the interaction of photons, magnons, and excitons at the quantum level. Here we demonstrate a coherent macroscopic quantum phase, the bosonic condensation of exciton-polaritons, which emerges in a CrSBr flake embedded in a fully tunable cryogenic open optical cavity. The Bose condensate is characterized by a highly non-linear threshold-like behavior, and coherence manifests distinctly via its first and second order quantum coherence. We find that the condensate's non-linearity is highly susceptible to the magnetic order in CrSBr, and encounters a sign change depending on the antiferro- and ferromagnetic ordering. Our findings open a route towards magnetically controllable quantum fluids of light, and optomagnonic devices where spin magnetism is coupled to on-chip Bose-Einstein condensates.
Representation of Present and Future of Mean and Extreme Precipitation in CMIP6 HighResMIP Simulation over West Africa
Authors: Ajibola Felix Olabamiji , Afolayan Stella Abosede , Okanlawon Abiola Abayomi , Ibiam Aderonke Temilade , Itiowe Oluwatosin Onajite 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This research investigates the representation of present and future of mean and extreme precipitation in the High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP) within the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) simulations over West Africa. The ensemble means of eight high- and low-resolution simulations, referred to as ENSEMBLE-H and ENSEMBLE-L, were analyzed for the period 2025–2049. Future mean and extreme precipitation patterns were examined for two sub regions of West Africa: the Sahel and the Guinea Coast. Projected annual rainfall peaks at 250 mm/month in May and 150 mm/month in both August and September. The onset of precipitation is expected between the 35th and 67th day of the year for the Guinea Coast, and between the 135th and 165th day for the Sahel. Cessation days are projected between the 315th and 330th day for the Guinea Coast, and between the 250th and 280th day for the Sahel. The length of the growing season is anticipated to increase, reaching around 10 months for the Guinea Coast and 4 months for the Sahel by 2045–2049. High rainfall events are projected to occur in 2035 and 2036, exceeding normal levels. The spatio-temporal analysis of extreme precipitation shows a more significant increase in the highest one-day precipitation over the Sahel (approximately 30%) compared to the Guinea Coast (less than 20%). Additionally, heavy rainfall events (r10mm) are projected to see a positive change of around 8% over the Guinea Coast and 12% over the Sahel. These results suggest potential future re-greening of the Sahel. A greater positive change in precipitation is projected over the Sahel compared to the Guinea Coast during the 2025–2049 period.
Unexpected strong paramagnetism of hydrogels containing carbon-oxygen double bonds induced by calcium cations
Authors: Fang Haiping , Chen Ruoyang , Zhang Yueyu , Huang Xing , Wang Liping , Zhang Lei , Song Chao , Dai Lixiong , Zhang Min , Wang Jun , Jian Yong , Xu Weiyuan , Dong Hui , Peng Bingquan , He Shuqiang , Liang Shanshan , Dai Fangfang , Fan Qihui , Ye Fangfu , Zhang Xin , Zhang Feng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Hydrogels do not have observable interaction with external magnetic fields as they are conventionally thought to be diamagnetic. If hydrogels alone can be magnetically controlled, they can promise wider applications without concerns about side effects of additives. Here we show that calcium cations can induce strong paramagnetism of hydrogels containing structures rich in carbon-oxygen double bonds, including alginate, carboxymethyl chitosan, polyacrylamide, and N-isopropyl acrylamide. Both experiments and computations reveal that the ubiquitous presence of net magnetic moments, the key to paramagnetism, is induced by the unexpected coupling of one calcium cation and one carbon-oxygen double bond. The paramagnetic phenomenon is also observed in the endogenous biomolecule sodium hyaluronate with calcium cations. We further demonstrate safe applications of the strongly paramagnetic alginate-calcium hydrogel as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging and a carrier in magnetic drug delivery. Our findings provide novel insights into the origin of magnetism and advance magnetism-related biomedical innovations.
Immunomics-guided biomarker discovery for human liver fluke infection and infection-associated cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Sadaow Lakhanna , Rodpai Rutchanee , Smout Michael , Nakajima Rie , Boonroumkaew Patcharaporn , Sotillo Javier , Tedla Bemnet , Luvira Vor , Kitkhuandee Amnat , Paonariang Krisada , Sukeepaisarnjaroen Wattana , Yamasaki Hiroshi , Suttiprapa Sutas , Laha Thewarach , Sr Banchob , de Assis Rafael ,   Aarti Jain1, Ittiprasert Wannaporn , Mann Victoria , Wong Yide , Felgner Philip , Maleewong Wanchai , Brindley Paul , Loukas Alex , Intapan Pewpan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives. Sensitive diagnostics are needed to improve management and surveillance of opisthorchiasis and opisthorchiasis-associated cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), given the major public health problem of this condition in East Asia. We aimed to screen the Opisthorchis viverrini recombinant proteome to identity antibody biomarkers of liver fluke infection and fluke-associated CCA with sera from study participants in endemic populations and evaluate their utility as point-of-care immunochromatographic tests (PoC-ICTs).
Methods. We constructed a proteome array containing 245 mass spectrometry-validated proteins from the O. viverrini secretome and screened the array with sera from endemic populations. Antigens that were IgG-reactive for diagnosing infection as well as infection-associated CCA were recombinantly expressed and incorporated into PoC-ICTs to assess their predictive values for diagnosing liver fluke infection and infection-associated CCA from sera.
Results. Two of the most promising antigens from the proteome array screen, P1 and P9, were each incorporated into PoC-ICTs to further validate their diagnostic performance. Significant correlations were observed between P1-IgG reactivity and fecal egg counts (r = 0.432, p < 0.001) and between P9-IgG4 reactivity and fecal egg counts (r = 0.450, p < 0.001). The P9-IgG4 PoC-ICT was superior amongst the single recombinant antigen tests, yielding a sensitivity of 76.3% and specificity of 87.5%. For diagnosing fluke-induced CCA, both P1-IgG and P9-IgG4 out-performed parasite crude extract-IgG ICTs, including in combination form; 75% of patients were positive for at least IgG or IgG4 against ES products whereas 92% of patients were positive for at least one of the P1-IgG (AUC 0.84) or P9-IgG4 ICTs.
Conclusion. We identified two biomarkers of O. viverrini infection and infection-associated CCA that could form the basis of novel antibody serodiagnostic tests. This study represents a truly bench-to-field approach to advance the development of serodiagnostics for human liver fluke infection and associated cancer.
Numerical and analytical modeling of shear-yielding dampers under lateral cyclic loading
Authors: Ali Yasmin , Elgammal Ahmed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Shear-yielding dampers play a vital role in eccentrically braced framed structures, by dissipating seismic energy and safeguarding surrounding structural components. These short members are deliberately designed to yield in shear under lateral loads, enabling efficient energy absorption while minimizing damage to other elements. This study investigates the reliability of numerical and analytical models in capturing the cyclic behavior of shear-yielding steel dampers. A robust methodology for constructing a 3D finite element model is developed, incorporating geometric imperfections and a material model capable of simulating cyclic plasticity. The numerical model is validated against experimental data, demonstrating excellent agreement in predicting key parameters such as yield shear force, ultimate shear strength, and elastic stiffness. Furthermore, a refined isotropic-kinematic hardening analytical model is presented, calibrated using a parametric study of 64 specimens to replicate hysteretic behavior observed in numerical tests. The refined analytical model not only predicts hysteretic curves and skeleton curves with high accuracy but also addresses limitations of existing formulations by incorporating ultimate shear strength criteria.
Biostratigraphy of Late Triassic deposits, based on foraminiferal fauna in the Central Iran Zone (Posht badam Block)
Authors: Hadadi Nooshin , Afghah Massih 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

In order to conformity of the sedimentary environment and biological fauna of Late Triassic deposits in each of blocks of the Central Iran, including Lut, Tabas, Posht badam and Yazd blocks, as well as to study the tectonics of the region, were selected sever sections in these blocks, including one section It was studied in the south of Posht badam block in Kerman region, this section is located in the northwest of Kerman city, and Between the Kohbanan and Posht badam faults. The studied section with a thickness of 112 meters is mostly composed of shale, sandstone and limestone. it has many fossils including Bivalves, Sponges, Corals, Bryozoa, Microgastropods and Cephalopods, especially Belemnite, which generally shows the presence of Late Triassic sediments (Norian-Rhaetian) in this area. According to the identified index foraminifera, 8 interval & Concurrence rang biozones Including 5 interval Zone Rectoglandulina tenuis, Triassina hantkeni, Ophtalmidum exigum, Angulodiscus communis, Planiinvoluta regularis and 3 Concurrence rang Zone Turrispirillina minima, Involutina liassica, Duostomina alta, were recognized in the Upper Triassic deposits. Based on the identified biozones, the age of the studied sequences, Late Norian - Early Rhaetian, Middle Rhaetian, Until the end of the Triassic, Late Rhaetian to the beginning of Lias is suggested that they are formation considered equivalent to the members of Howz Khan and Qhadir members from the Nayband Formation in central Iran.