bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MRI detects tubulointerstitial changes in mouse models of radiation‐induced nephropathy
Authors: Stabinska Julia , Piccolo Joe , Chhabra Anupriya , Liatsou Ioanna , Gabrielson Kathy , Li Zhi , Mohanta Zinia , Sedaghat Farzad , Hobbs Robert F. , Sgouros George , McMahon Michael T. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeWe hypothesized that radiation‐induced tubulointerstitial changes in the kidney can be assessed using MRI‐based T2 relaxation time measurements.MethodsWe performed MRI, histology, and serum biochemistry in two mouse models of radiation nephropathy: one involving external beam radiotherapy and the other using internal irradiation with an α‐particle‐emitting actinium‐225 radiolabeled antibody. We compared the mean T2 values of different renal compartments between control and external beam radiotherapy or α‐particle‐emitting actinium‐225 radiolabeled antibody–treated groups and between the two radiation‐treated groups using a Wilcoxon rank‐sum test.ResultsSignificantly higher T2 values were found in the cortex and outer stripe of the outer medulla in all treated animals compared with the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, these changes in T2 were observed before any changes in serum parameters, animal body weight, and kidney volume occurred.ConclusionT2 mapping is sensitive to radiation‐induced tubulointerstitial changes in the kidney.
Interface‐Filtering Structural Optimization
Authors: Wang Tianye , Qian Xiaoping 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we present an interface‐filtering structural optimization method that optimizes structural shape and topology through successive interface movements. This interface filtering is achieved via the combination of the variable‐radius‐based partial‐differential‐equation (PDE) filtering and the Heaviside projection on a density representation. In the proposed method, designs are represented by a density field with sharp interface and no internal grey features, and a filter radius field is used as the design variable in the optimization process. With this method, any density distribution with sharp interfaces can be used as initial designs, and sharp density contrast in density distribution is preserved throughout the optimization process. An analytical relation between the maximum movements of interfaces and the maximum filter radius is given, so that the interface movement can be controlled during the optimization process. Sensitivities with respect to filter radius variables are derived. Two numerical treatments, involving the density update scheme and the radius re‐initialization scheme, are developed to achieve smooth successive shape updates and avoid artificial local minima. Numerical examples, including geometric deformation problem, structural compliance minimization, thermal compliance minimization, and negative Poisson ratio problem, are presented to demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed method.
Non‐Pharmacological Interventions Before Cataract Surgery for Preoperative Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Nabighadim Mahsan , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Maghalian Mahsa 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimThe present study was conducted to determine the effect of non‐pharmacological interventions before cataract surgery on preoperative anxiety.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsFive databases were systematically searched until 9 June, 2024. The risk of bias was evaluated using the ROBIN‐I instrument for non‐randomised studies and risk of bias 1 (ROB1) for RCTs. For cases with heterogeneity, random effects, rather than fixed effects, were reported, and subgroup analysis was performed based on the type of intervention. The investigation of publication bias was done in the form of a funnel plot, the Egger regression test and the Trim‐and‐Fill test. Meta‐regression analysis was performed to examine the impact of possible confounding factors on the effect size. Sensitivity analysis evaluated the robustness of our findings by excluding quasi‐experimental studies and applying the Knapp–Hartung method to assess their influence on the overall results.ResultsA random‐effects meta‐analysis of 22 studies and 1998 participants revealed that non‐pharmacological interventions (back massage, hand massage, foot massage, music, educational video, patient education, aromatherapy and relaxation techniques) significantly reduced mean preoperative anxiety compared to the control group. The subgroup analysis indicated that all interventions were effective in reducing preoperative anxiety; however, hand and foot massage did not yield significant effects. Meta‐regression analysis showed a significant correlation between the percentages of women with effect size. The sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of non‐pharmacological interventions, while the Knapp–Hartung method maintained the overall effect size but indicated wider confidence intervals. More high‐quality research is needed to validate these interventions and establish clearer guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.
Compassion and the perceived rarity of plants can increase plant appreciation
Authors: Prokop Pavol , Belzárová Kristína , Tomanová Čergeťová Ivana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Plants have traditionally been perceived as “less alive” and less attractive than animals, posing challenges for conservation initiatives. Previous efforts to address Plant Awareness Disparity (PAD) mainly focused on cognitive aspects, neglecting the role of the affective domain.

In our study involving a sample of Slovak individuals, we explored whether plants evoke compassion similar to that for animals and non‐living objects, and whether the perceived rarity of plants influences participants' willingness to pay (WTP).

Results showed that withered and water‐stressed plants elicited compassion responses comparable to those for abused animals, whereas non‐living objects (dilapidated buildings before reconstruction) received significantly lower compassion scores. Participants expressed a lower WTP for plants compared to animals or minerals. The perceived rarity of plants, animals and minerals was positively correlated with the increase in WTP. As predicted, WTP positively correlated with conservation attitudes.

Our findings highlight the potential to emphasize the affective domain and rarity in addressing PAD, both in science education lessons and conservation campaigns. This underscores the importance of recognizing and cultivating emotional connections with plants to enhance conservation efforts.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Alternative driver pathways in peripheral nerve sheath tumors – including DICER1 and/or KRAS alterations
Authors: Chang Hsin‐Yi , Saoud Carla , Torrence Dianne , Tap William , Chi Ping , Antonescu Cristina R 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDICER1‐associated sarcoma is an emerging entity, defined by either somatic or germline dicer 1, ribonuclease III (DICER1) mutations and sharing characteristic morphologic features irrespective of the site of origin. In addition to the DICER1 driver mutation, concurrent genomic alterations, including tumor protein 53 (TP53) inactivation and RAS pathway activation, are frequently detected. Tumors that morphologically resemble malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) have rarely been reported among DICER1 sarcomas and often pose diagnostic challenges. This study was prompted by a case involving morphologic features of MPNST, which harbored co‐existing DICER1 and hotspot KRAS mutations. Hence, we investigated the incidence of these alterations in PNST from our molecular database compared to the genomic and morphologic spectrum of DICER1‐mutant sarcomas. In total, we identified three cases diagnosed as MPNST with co‐existing DICER1, ATRX chromatin remodeler (ATRX), and KRAS G12V/A alterations occurring in brain, cerebellopontine angle, and intra‐abdominal sites. Two additional cases each of MPNSTs and neurofibromas were identified with hotspot KRAS mutations. All five MPNSTs lacked canonical neurofibromin 1 (NF1)/neurofibromin 2 (NF2) alterations, displaying a classic morphologic appearance with fascicular monomorphic spindle cells and followed a diverse clinical behavior. Among the 38 DICER1‐associated sarcomas in our database, eight (21%) had secondary KRAS hotspot mutations, all composed of monomorphic spindle and/or round cells, including three with an MPNST‐like histology. In contrast, all 10 (26%) DICER1‐mutant sarcomas with TP53 mutations showed a pleomorphic phenotype. The DNA‐based methylation profile of our index case clustered within the group of sarcomas with DICER1 alterations. Our results highlight a small subset of MPNST associated with DICER1 and/or KRAS mutations. However, their relationship with conventional MPNST remains to be determined in larger studies. © 2025 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Access to CARe: A Narrative of Real‐World Medical Decision‐Making to Access Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T‐Cell Therapy in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults
Authors: Steineck Angela , Chao Karen , Hall Anurekha G. , Jacoby Elad , Leahy Allison Barz , Ligon John A. , Luciani Katia , Schultz Liora M. , Summers Corinne N. , Ward Lisa , Winestone Lena E. , Shah Nirali N. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy is a potentially life‐saving treatment for children with relapsed/refractory B‐cell hematologic malignancies, and remains an important investigational therapy for other childhood cancers. Yet, access to this class of therapies remains suboptimal through both commercial use and clinical trials, especially in children, adolescents, and young adults. Using a series of case‐based discussions, we outline guidance on real‐world medical decision‐making, and offer potential solutions to enhancing access to CAR T‐cell therapy as a treatment modality.
Bronchoscopic‐Guided Selective Endobronchial Injection of Methylene Blue Solution for Localising Peripheral Bronchopleural Fistulas During Pleural Debridement in a Post‐Lobectomy Patient With Bronchopleural Fistula and Empyema
Authors: Wei Yi , Wang Ke , Tao Honglei , He Zhongliang , Xu Weihua 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a pathological passageway between the bronchus and the pleural cavity. Diagnosing and localising BPF can be challenging, and the traditional retrograde methylene blue (MB) perfusion method may fail to identify multifocal BPFs. This article reports a novel method for locating multifocal BPFs in patients undergoing concurrent empyema debridement. Initially, selective endobronchial injection of MB solution is performed under bronchoscopic guidance. Subsequently, the thoracic surgeon determines the location of BPFs as the MB solution flows into the pleural cavity. This process of injecting MB within the bronchus is repeated to locate any additional BPFs until no new ones are found. We report a case where this new method was used to identify multifocal BPFs, ultimately diagnosing three BPFs' presence. Following treatment with bronchopleural fistula occlusion, no recurrence of BPFs was observed during the follow‐up period.
Hospitalised Dengue Patients and Risk of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Zhu Tonggang , Xiao Xue , Zhu Xiaoming , Wang Xiujiang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIdentification and management of hypertension is a crucial part in hospitalised patients suffering from dengue infection (DV). Several studies with data conflicting have shown that DI may be linked to an elevated risk of hypertension in hospitalised patients. To gain a comprehensive understanding of this association, a systematic review and meta‐analysis was performed. A systematic search was conducted across electronic databases including PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase and Web of Science to gather pertinent published data up to 10 November 2024. A total of five articles were incorporated into the systematic review and meta‐analysis. DerSimonian and Liard random‐effects model was applied to determine the pooled odds ratio (OR). Sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the strength of the pooled findings by excluding every individual study from the overall effect size. Subgroup analyses were performed based on age, duration of dengue infection, study design, and geographical area to identify the source of considerable heterogeneity. We included five articles retrieved from the literature search in the meta‐analysis. The findings indicate a statistically significant correlation between dengue infection and elevated risk of hypertension (OR: 4.2; 95% CI 1.05–16.9; p = 0.04). A notable degree of heterogeneity was observed among the included studies. The Begg's correlation (p = 0.80) and Egger's linear regression (p = 0.45) tests revealed no evidence of publication bias. Furthermore, meta‐regression analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between high blood pressure and age, duration of dengue infection, study design and geographical area. Our finding supports risk of hypertension in patients with dengue infection. This result can help clinicians recognise risk of hypertension in the dengue infection in order to manage and treat it promptly.
Directional Anchoring of Dual Active Sites for Boosting Electrochemical Nonenzymatic H2O2 Sensing
Authors: Kong Yaqi , Zhang Xinjin , Zhang Chongchao , Yang Ziyin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe efficient construction of active sites is crucial for regulating the electrocatalytic activity of nanomaterials. In this work, nitrogen and ruthenium nanoparticles were anchored onto the inner and outer surfaces of graphene hollow nanospheres (N/GHSs/Ru) via the template method. Notably, the synergistic effect of the superfine Ru nanoparticles and N enhances the electrocatalytic activity of the N/GHSs/Ru nanomaterials, exhibiting excellent electrochemical performance for H2O2 detection. N/GHSs/Ru nanomaterials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and X‐ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS). The electrocatalytic reduction of H2O2 showed a wide linear range from 0.02 to 5.6 mM, with a high sensitivity of 668.86 µA·mM−1·cm−2 and a limit of detection as low as 6.41 µM. This work offers a way to construct dual active sites, making N/GHSs/Ru as a promising material for nonenzymatic electrochemical H2O2 sensors.
Base‐Catalyzed Cascade Cyclization of Acyl Cyanides and Isocyanates for the Synthesis of Oxazoles
Authors: Zhang Wei , Hou Jing , Li Hongjun , Wan Yaya , Zhou Pengjuan , Tang Dong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOxazoles are key heterocyclic motifs in pharmaceuticals and natural products. We report a base‐promoted method for the synthesis of oxazoles from acyl cyanides and isocyanates under mild conditions. Using KOH as a catalyst in acetonitrile at 80 °C, a variety of acyl cyanides with different substituents were cyclized efficiently, yielding oxazoles in good to excellent yields (up to 98%). A plausible mechanism involving 1,1‐addition, 1,3‐H shift, and intramolecular cyclization is proposed. This work offers a straightforward and versatile approach to oxazole synthesis.
Development and Validation of a New Micro‐Solid‐Phase Extraction Cartridge Based On MIL‐101(Cr) in the Determination of Multiclass Pesticides in Fruit Juice Samples
Authors: Omidi Atefeh , Tabar‐Heydar Kourosh , Ahmadi Seyyed Hamid , Yazdanfar Najmeh 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this research, the metal–organic framework MIL‐101(Cr) and porous Teflon–fluorocarbon resin (ChromosorbT, 40–60 mesh) are physically mixed and used as a novel micro‐solid‐phase extraction (µ‐SPE) cartridge sorbent for efficient enrichment of nine multiclass pesticides from fruit juice samples, followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Several experimental parameters, including the effect of sorbent weight, the ratio of ChromosorbT weight to sorbent, the flow rate of the sample solution, the volume of sample solution, and the type of elution solvent, were investigated and optimized. The limits of detection (LODs, S/N = 3) and quantification (LOQs, S/N = 10) for all analytes obtained by the proposed method were in the ranges of 0.1–1.5 µg/L and 0.5–5 µg/L, respectively. The intra‐ and interday (n = 3) precisions for all pesticides at the spiked levels of 5 and 10 µg/L were 0.1%–11.5% and 0.1%–7.2%, respectively. In addition, at the two above‐mentioned concentrations, the method achieved recovery percentages of 60.7–102.9 when applied to determine the pesticides in real samples spiked. According to the advantageous findings, the proposed method was simple, sensitive, fast, and had great potential for extracting and analyzing pesticide residues from fruit juice samples.
Concurrent Analysis of Racecadotril, Ofloxacin, and Ornidazole in a Fixed‐Dose Combination by RP‐HPLC–DAD Method
Authors: Koradia Shaileshkumar K. , Dharsandia Gopi A. , Sen Ashim Kumar , Sen Dhanya B. , Patel Ashish D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe pharmaceutical combination of Racecadotril (RAC), Ofloxacin (OFL), and Ornidazole (ORN) is a commonly prescribed treatment for diarrhea and dysentery in pediatric patients. A rapid and highly sensitive reverse phase–high‐performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector (RP‐HPLC–DAD) method has been established for the concurrent analysis of all three drugs in a combined oral suspension. Drugs were separated by chromatography using a Sapphire octadecylsilane (ODS) C18 (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column, operated at 30°C. The elution solvent consisted of a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1% triethylamine solution (70:30 v/v), with the pH adjusted to 3.1 using 10% orthophosphoric acid. The flow rate was maintained at 1 mL/min, and all three drugs were monitored at 230 nm. The method showed linearity within the ranges: RAC (3–9 µg/mL), OFL (10–30 µg/mL), and ORN (25–75 µg/mL). Retention times were 2.03 min for OFL, 2.99 min for ORN, and 6.99 min for RAC. The drug content for RAC, OFL, and ORN ranged from 100.92% to 101.39%, 98.55% to 100.76%, and 99.33% to 101.22%, respectively, with recoveries of 96.33%–102.16%, 97.50%–101.32%, and 98.25%–100.76%, and %RSD values consistently below 2 in within‐day, between‐day, and repeatability studies, demonstrating method precision. The projected chromatography technique has been authenticated in line with International Council on Harmonization Q2 (R1) guidelines. This approach offers a short runtime of 10 min, providing an economically efficient chromatographic technique for the concomitant assessment of RAC, OFL, and ORN in a combined oral suspension preparation.
Using Concept of Operations to Design Human‐Centric Manufacturing Systems for Novel Products—A Comprehensive Prescriptive Case Study
Authors: Hagström Malin Hane , Bergsjö Dag 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEfficient production systems are necessary for the realization of products that fulfill customer needs and delivery requirements. However, the process of designing the production system has received little academic attention, and today's manufacturing system design processes and architecture are still based on traditional engineering methods. This paper covers a case study using the systems engineering method Concept of Operations and Operational Concept for the design of a human‐centric production system for a novel product. A comprehensive prescriptive study was designed, combined with attempts to verify the methods used. The case study applies design methods defined in ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288. A total of six workshops, the development of Concepts of Operations, three levels of Operational Concept, and two validation studies are documented. A total of 166 persons participated, and up to 15 persons participated in the validation workshops. The analysis shows that the design methods addressed gaps identified in literature: (1) the lack of systematic and effective systems engineering design methods in production system design, and (2) the lack of inclusion of human aspects in the production system design. The gaps in the effectiveness of the methods remain to be fully evaluated as the project is still running and will not be concluded until 2025. Recommendations for future work include exploring how ConOps/OpsCon method can be more widely spread and adopted by engineering as a significant artifact for systems understanding for the design of more human‐centric, resilient production systems.
Intracameral grass awn foreign body in a dog without apparent injury
Authors: Levitt Shayna M. , Osinchuk Stephanie C. , Sandmeyer Lynne S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA 3‐year‐old, neutered, male golden retriever was referred for evaluation of the right eye, which was exhibiting marked anterior uveitis and a long, thin, white strand of foreign material within the anterior chamber. Despite a lack of obvious trauma, the dog had been running through an area covered with foxtail 3 months prior. Surgical exploration revealed a one‐inch‐long plant foreign body embedded in the dorsal iris. Postoperative management involved topical and oral medications, leading to resolution of clinical signs and successful healing with mild corneal fibrosis. This case underscores the importance of prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention in ocular foreign body cases, necessitating further research to better understand migration patterns and sequelae of grass awns in the eye.
CAYSS: Package for Automatic Cytometry Analysis of Yeast Spore Segregation
Authors: Raffoux Xavier , Falque Matthieu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMeiotic recombination is a powerful source of haplotypic diversity, and thus plays an important role in the dynamics of short‐term adaptation. However, high‐throughput quantitative measurement of recombination parameters is challenging because of the large size of offspring to be genotyped. One of the most efficient approaches for large‐scale recombination measurement is to study the segregation of fluorescent markers in gametes. Applying this to yeast spores by flow cytometry has already been proved to be highly efficient, but manual analyses of distributions of signal intensities is time‐consuming and produces nonperfectly reproducible results. Such analyses are required to identify events corresponding to spores and to assign each of them to a genotypic class depending on their fluorescence intensity. The CAYSS package automatically reproduces the manual process that we've been developing to analyze yeast recombination for years, including Maximum‐Likelihood estimation of fluorescence extinction (Raffoux et al. 2018a). When comparing the results of manual versus CAYSS automatic analyses of the same cytometry data, recombination rates and interference were on average very similar, with less than 3% differences on average and strong correlations (R2 > 0.9). In conclusion, as compared to manual analysis, CAYSS allows to save a lot of human time and produces totally reproducible results.