bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromosome-Scale Genome Assembly of the Freshwater Snail Semisulcospira habei from the Lake Biwa Drainage System
Authors: Miura Osamu , Toyoda Atsushi , Sakurai Tetsuya 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Semisulcospira habei is a freshwater snail species endemic to the Lake Biwa drainage and belongs to a species group radiated within the lake system. We report the chromosome-scale genome assembly of S. habei, including eight megascaffolds larger than 150 Mb. The genome assembly size is about 2.0 Gb with an N50 of 237 Mb. There are 41,547 protein-coding genes modeled by ab initio gene prediction based on the transcriptome data set, and the BUSCO completeness of the annotated genes was 92.2%. The repeat elements comprise approximately 76% of the genome assembly. The Hi-C contact map showed seven well-resolved scaffolds that correspond to the basic haploid chromosome number of S. habei inferred from the preceding karyotypic study, while it also exhibited one scaffold with a complicated mosaic pattern that is likely to represent the complex of multiple supernumerary chromosomes. The genome assembly reported here represents a high-quality genome resource in disentangling the genomic background of the adaptive radiation of Semisulcospira and also facilitates evolutionary studies in the superfamily Cerithioidea.
Resolution and trade-offs in global anelastic full-waveform inversion
Authors: Espindola-Carmona Armando , Örsvuran Rıdvan , Mai P Martin , Bozdağ Ebru , Peter Daniel B 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARY
Improving the resolution of seismic anelastic models is critical for a better understanding of the Earth’s subsurface structure and dynamics. Seismic attenuation plays a crucial role in estimating water content, partial melting and temperature variations in the Earth’s crust and mantle. However, compared to seismic wave-speed models, seismic attenuation tomography models tend to be less resolved. This is due to the complexity of amplitude measurements and the challenge of isolating the effect of attenuation in the data from other parameters. Physical dispersion caused by attenuation also affects seismic wave speeds, and neglecting scattering/defocusing effects in classical anelastic models can lead to biased results. To overcome these challenges, it is essential to account for the full 3-D complexity of seismic wave propagation. Although various synthetic tests have been conducted to validate anelastic full-waveform inversion (FWI), there is still a lack of understanding regarding the trade-off between elastic and anelastic parameters, as well as the variable influence of different parameter classes on the data. In this context, we present a synthetic study to explore different strategies for global anelastic inversions.
To assess the resolution and sensitivity for different misfit functions, we first perform mono-parameter inversions by inverting only for attenuation. Then, to study trade-offs between parameters and resolution, we test two different inversion strategies (simultaneous and sequential) to jointly constrain the elastic and anelastic parameters. We found that a sequential inversion strategy performs better for imaging attenuation than a simultaneous inversion. We also demonstrate the dominance of seismic wave speeds over attenuation, underscoring the importance of determining a good approximation of the Hessian matrix and suitable damping factors for each parameter class.
Formulating a code of ethics for Kuwaiti pharmacists using FIP ethical standards: A Delphi study
Authors: Alfailakawi R M , Waheedi S , Alhaqan A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Pharmacists play a crucial role in healthcare and are expected to adhere to high ethical standards. Ethical values provide a practical basis for identifying valued actions, intentions, and motives. Regulatory organizations in developed countries have established codes of ethics for various professions, including pharmacy, which support improved patient outcomes and increased trust in the healthcare system. While a national code of ethics for pharmacists in Kuwait is not currently published.

Aim
To formulate a code of ethics for pharmacists in Kuwait through a modified Delphi technique that is relevant and applicable for Kuwait context.

Methods
A 2-round E-Delphi consensus technique using the International Pharmaceutical Federation’s (FIP) 14 ethical standards was conducted. An ethical approval for this study was obtained from Human Ethical Committee, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University (270). Pharmacy expertise were recruited through purposive and snowballing sampling method. Consensus was achieved when at least 90% of acceptance and clarity level of the FIP's ethical standards were reached. Round 1: Expertise were asked to indicate their level of acceptance and clarity of the 14 FIP ethical standards in both the Arabic and English languages. Round 2: This round discussed seven standards, which were unaccepted, unclear, and did not reach the cut-off point from round 1.

Results
Round 1 response rate achieved 100% (30) and seven standards were accepted in terms of acceptance and languages’ clarity. Round 2 response rate was 93.3% (28), including the rest 7 standards that did not reach the required consensus’s percentage. Through the 2nd round, it ended up with 2 standards, accomplishing consensus. The remaining five standards need to be reconsidered in a follow-up study.

Discussion/Conclusion
The positive reception and understanding of the FIP ethical standards among pharmacists suggest that the regulatory authority in Kuwait can use this study's data to advance its efforts in adopting these standards. Therefore, it is essential for the regulatory authority to consider the study's findings when evaluating the implementation of ethical standards in Kuwait's healthcare system.

References
1. REFERENCE DOCUMENT Pharmacist Ethics and Professional Autonomy: Imperatives for Keeping Pharmacy Aligned with the Public Interest [Internet]. [cited 2023 Jun 5]. Available from: https://www.fip.org/file/1368
Differential Effects of Two Common Antiparasitics on Microbiota Resilience
Authors: Doolin Margaret L , Dearing M Denise 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Parasitic infections challenge vertebrate health worldwide, and off-target effects of antiparasitic treatments may be an additional obstacle to recovery. However, there have been few investigations of the effects of antiparasitics on the gut microbiome in the absence of parasites.

Methods
We investigated whether two common antiparasitics—albendazole (ALB) and metronidazole (MTZ)—significantly alter the gut microbiome of parasite-free mice. We treated mice with ALB or MTZ daily for 7 days and sampled the fecal microbiota immediately before and after treatment and again after a two-week recovery period.

Results
ALB did not immediately change the gut microbiota, while MTZ decreased microbial richness by 8.5% and significantly changed community structure during treatment. The structural changes caused by MTZ included depletion of the beneficial family Lachnospiraceae, and predictive metagenomic analysis revealed that these losses likely depressed microbiome metabolic function. Separately, we compared the fecal microbiotas of treatment groups after recovery, and there were minor differences in community structure between the ALB, MTZ, and sham-treated control groups.

Conclusions
These results suggest that a healthy microbiome is resilient after MTZ-induced depletions of beneficial gut microbes, and ALB may cause slight, latent shifts in the microbiota but does not deplete healthy gut microbiota diversity.
Comparison of databases useful for the analysis of vaginal microbiota in Japanese women using next-generation sequencing data (QIIME 2 software)
Authors: Zou Xianya , Nakura Yukiko , Kawaguchi Haruna , Nishiumi Fumiko , Wu Heng Ning , Yanagihara Itaru 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Aims
Approximately 10% of children are born prematurely, and bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy is associated with preterm delivery. Highly accurate species-level vaginal microflora analysis helps control bacteria-induced preterm birth. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a bioinformatic analysis of gene sequences using 16S databases and compare their efficacy in comprehensively identifying potentially pathogenic vaginal microbiota in Japanese women.

Methods and results
The 16 s rRNA databases, Silva, Greengenes, and the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) were compared to determine whether the classification quality could be improved using the V3–V4 region next-generation sequencing (NGS) sequences. It was found that NGS data were aligned using the BLAST database with the QIIME 2 platform, whose classification quality was higher than that of Silva, and the combined Silva and Greengenes databases based on the mutual complementarity of the two databases.

Conclusions
The reference database selected during the bioinformatic processing influenced the recognized sequence percentage, taxonomic rankings, and accuracy. This study showed that the BLAST database was the best choice for NGS data analysis of Japanese women's vaginal microbiota.
I’m not burned out. This is how I write notes
Authors: Payne Thomas H , Turner Grace K 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
We describe an automated transcription system that addresses many documentation problems and fits within scheduled clinical hours.

Materials and methods
During visits, the provider listens to the patient while maintaining eye contact and making brief notes on paper. Immediately after the visit conclusion and before the next, the provider makes a short voice recording on a smartphone which is transmitted to the system. The system uses a public domain general language model, and a hypertuned provider-specific language model that is iteratively refined as each produced note is edited by the physician, followed by final automated processing steps to add any templated text to the note.

Results
The provider leaves the clinic having completed all voice files, median duration 3.4 minutes. Created notes are formatted as preferred and are a median of 363 words (range 125-1175).

Discussion
This approach permits documentation to occur almost entirely within scheduled clinic hours, without copy-forward errors, and without interference with patient-provider interaction.

Conclusion
Though no documentation method is likely to appeal to all, this approach may appeal to many physicians and avoid many current problems with documentation.
Invasiveness and impact of invasive species on the Tibetan Plateau are inconsistent
Authors: Guan Shuping , Chen Pengdong , Qu Xingle , Wang Xiaolan , Wang Shuopeng , Li Haiying , Fang Jiangping , Wang Yi , Chen Jiarui , Huang Wei , Siemann Evan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Managing invasions in the context of globalization is a challenge in part because of the difficulty of inferring invader impacts from their invasiveness (i.e. ability to invade ecosystems). Specifically, the relationship between invasiveness and impact may be context-dependent and it has not been explored in such a unique ecosystem as the Tibetan Plateau. Here, we investigated 32 invasive plant species on the Tibetan Plateau in terms of their distribution, abundance, per capita effects on natives and traits across a large geographic transect to test the relationship between invasiveness and impacts on native communities. We decomposed the components (range, R; local abundance, A; per capita effect, E) that drive the impacts, and investigated the relative contributions of plant traits to these components. The results showed that there was no correlation between invasiveness (R × A) and impacts (R × A × E) of invasive species on the Tibetan Plateau. Specifically, plant invasiveness per se did not indicate a serious threat of harmful impact. In this ecosystem, R and A together drove invasiveness, while R alone drove impacts. Fruit type significantly influenced E, and species bearing berry fruits had the most negative per capita effects. However, plant traits did not drive invasiveness or impact through R, A or E. Our results suggest that the mismatch between components driving invasiveness vs. impact prevent the prediction of impacts of invasive species from their invasiveness. Therefore, management actions directed against invasive plants should prioritize broadly distributed species or those with demonstrated high impacts on native species.
Evaluation of patient satisfaction using the validated French version of the SSIPI questionnaire after inflatable penile implantation
Authors: Beirnaert Jeanne , Pinar Ugo , Benarroche Davy , Akakpo William , Rouprêt Morgan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Penile prothesis (PP) is a recommended treatment for erectile dysfunction that is refractory to less invasive treatments, but there are few validated tools to assess patient satisfaction.

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess patient satisfaction after PP implantation using the French Satisfaction Survey for Inflatable Penile Implant (SSIPI) questionnaire.

Methods
Demographic, clinical, and perioperative data were collected from all consecutive patients who underwent PP implantation in our center between 2016 and 2021. The French SSIPI questionnaire was completed during a telephone call with each patient by an independent investigator.

Outcomes
A good functional result was considered when the total SSIPI score was &gt;48, corresponding to a score of &gt;3 for each item.

Results
The median global SSIPI score for the cohort was 66 (interquartile range [IQR], 60-73), and 53 (89.8%) patients were satisfied. The appearance of the penis with the PP was the item that had the lowest score for satisfaction (median score 23 [IQR, 19–26]), while the patients reported almost no pain (median score 10 [IQR, 9-10]). When patients with a total score of ≤64 were compared with those with a score of &gt;64, PP size was significantly greater in the group with better functional results (P = .03).

Clinical Implications
Assessment of patient satisfaction with a PP is important because this is the main criterion used to judge the success of surgery.

Strengths and Limitations
To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the satisfaction of patients with a PP using the French-validated version of SSIPI questionnaire. However, patients came from a single center and the population size was small.

Conclusion
Almost 90% of patients with a PP were satisfied with the device when satisfaction was assessed using the SSIPI questionnaire.
On stochastic modelling of actuarial compensation for loss of future earnings in Turkey
Authors: Şahin Şule , Bulut Karageyik Başak , Nevruz Ezgi , Şimşek Güven 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article presents an actuarial perspective to estimate the economic loss for compensations resulting from a wrongful act. The main aim of this study is to propose a stochastic approach for modelling discount rates and survival probabilities which are used to calculate the present value of the future loss of earnings. We adopted the Wilkie model as an economic scenario generator to forecast future stochastic discount rates and fitted the Lee–Carter and the Heligman–Pollard models to forecast future age-specific survival probabilities using Turkish data. We discussed the impact of stochastic modelling on annuity values and compensation amounts through sensitivity analyses. We also compared the compensation amounts for various cases with the benchmark case representing current practice in Turkey. The results show that the compensation amounts are substantially affected by the financial assumptions, particularly in the case of an unstable economy. The major finding is that the uncertainty in future mortality rates is largely outweighed by the uncertainty associated with future financial and economic variables in the Turkish case.
X-ray plasma flow and turbulence in the colliding winds of WR140
Authors: Miyamoto Asca , Sugawara Yasuharu , Maeda Yoshitomo , Ishida Manabu , Hamaguchi Kenji , Corcoran Michael , Russell Christopher M P , Moffat Anthony F J 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
We analyse the XMM–Newton RGS spectra of Wolf–Rayet (WR) 140, an archetype long-period eccentric WR+O colliding wind binary. We evaluate the spectra of O and Fe emission lines and find that the plasmas emitting these lines have the largest approaching velocities with the largest velocity dispersions between phases 0.935 and 0.968 where the inferior conjunction of the O star occurs. This behaviour is the same as that of the Ne line-emission plasma presented in our previous paper. We perform a diagnosis of the electron number density ne using the He-like triplet lines of O and Ne-like Fe–L lines. The former results in a conservative upper limit of ne ≲ 1010–1012 cm−3 on the O line-emission site, while the latter cannot impose any constraint on the Fe line-emission site because of statistical limitations. We calculate the line-of-sight velocity and its dispersion separately along the shock cone. By comparing the observed and calculated line-of-sight velocities, we update the distance of the Ne line-emission site from the stagnation point. By assuming radiative cooling of the Ne line-emission plasma using the observed temperature and the local stellar wind density, we estimate that the line-emission site extends along the shock cone by at most ±58 per cent (phase 0.816) of the distance from the stagnation point. In this framework, the excess of the observed velocity dispersion over that calculated is ascribed to turbulence in the hot-shocked plasma at earlier orbital phases of 0.816, 0.912, and 0.935, with the largest velocity dispersion of 340-630 km s−1 at phase 0.912.
A Chandra survey of Milky Way globular clusters – IV. Periodic X-ray sources
Authors: Bao Tong , Li Zhiyuan , Cheng Zhongqun , Belloni Diogo 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a systematic search for periodic X-ray sources in 10 Galactic globular clusters (GCs) utilizing deep archival Chandra observations. By applying the Gregory–Loredo algorithm, we detect 28 periodic signals among 27 independent X-ray sources in 6 GCs, which include 21 newly discovered ones in the X-ray band. The remaining 4 GCs exhibit no periodic X-ray sources, mainly due to a relatively lower sensitivity of the data. Through analysis of their X-ray timing and spectral properties, complemented with available optical and ultraviolet information, we identify 21 of these periodic sources as cataclysmic variables (CVs). Combining with 11 periodic CVs in 47 Tuc similarly identified in the X-ray band, we compile the most comprehensive sample to date of GC CVs with a probable orbital period. The scarcity of old, short-period CVs in GCs compared to the Galactic inner bulge and solar neighbourhood, can be attributed to both a selection effect favouring younger, dynamically formed systems and the hindrance of CV formation through primordial binary evolution by stellar dynamical interactions common to the GC environment. Additionally, we identify a significant fraction of the GC CVs, most with an orbital period below or within the CV period gap, as probable magnetic CVs, but in the meantime there is a deficiency of luminous intermediate polars in the GC sample compared to the solar neighbourhood.
Mapping the core of the Tarantula Nebula with VLT-MUSE – III. A template for metal-poor starburst regions in the visual and far-ultraviolet
Authors: Crowther Paul A , Castro N 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the integrated VLT-MUSE spectrum of the central 2 × 2 arcmin2 (30 × 30 pc2) of NGC 2070, the dominant giant H ii region of the Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud, together with an empirical far-ultraviolet spectrum constructed via LMC template stars from the ULLYSES survey and Hubble Tarantula Treasury Project UV photometry. NGC 2070 provides a unique opportunity to compare results from individual stellar populations (e.g. VLT FLAMES Tarantula Survey) in a metal-poor starburst region to the integrated results from the population synthesis tools Starburst99, Charlot & Bruzual, and BPASS. The metallicity of NGC 2070 inferred from standard nebular strong line calibrations is ∼0.4 ± 0.1 dex lower than obtained from direct methods. The Hα inferred age of 4.2 Myr from Starburst99 is close to the median age of OB stars within the region, although individual stars span a broad range of 1–7 Myr. The inferred stellar mass is close to that obtained for the rich star cluster R136 within NGC 2070, although this contributes only 21 per cent to the integrated far-UV continuum. He ii λ1640 emission is dominated by classical WR stars and main sequence WNh + Of/WN stars. Around 18 per cent of the NGC 2070 far UV continuum flux arises from very massive stars with ≥100 M⊙, including several very luminous Of supergiants. None of the predicted population synthesis models at low metallicities are able to successfully reproduce the far-UV spectrum of NGC 2070. We attribute issues to the treatment of mass-loss in very massive stars, the lack of contemporary empirical metal-poor templates, plus WR stars produced via binary evolution.
The impact of halo concentration on the Sunyaev Zel’dovich effect signal from massive galaxy clusters
Authors: Baxter Eric J , Pandey Shivam , Adhikari Susmita , Cui Weiguang , Shin Tae-hyeon , Li Qingyang , Rasia Elena 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
The Sunyaev Zel’dovich (SZ) effect is sensitive to the pressure of ionized gas inside galaxy clusters, which is in turn controlled largely by the gravitational potential of the cluster. Changing the concentration parameter describing the cluster mass distribution impacts the gravitational potential and thus the cluster SZ signal, with implications for cosmological and other analyses of SZ-selected clusters. We investigate the concentration–SZ relation in theory and simulations. We find that the impact of concentration on the inner SZ profile (R ≲ 0.75R200c) can be captured with standard polytropic gas models. However, we find that such models do a poor job of reproducing the outer SZ profiles (R ≳ 0.75R200c) and the relation between the integrated SZ signal, Y, and concentration. This disagreement results from a sharp truncation of the gas pressure profile near the splashback radius, likely caused by virial shocks. We develop a simple description of the truncation that leads to a good match with the simulated SZ profiles out to several R200c for clusters of varying mass and concentration, and that also accurately predicts the concentration–Y relationship. Finally, we determine how inference of the linear bias parameter and splashback radius for SZ-selected clusters can be biased by ignoring the concentration dependence of the SZ signal, finding that bias to the former is essentially negligible, while bias to the latter can be as much as 2 per cent.
Discovery of a relation between the decay rate of the Sun’s magnetic dipole and the growth rate of the following sunspot cycle: a new precursor for solar cycle prediction
Authors: Jaswal Priyansh , Saha Chitradeep , Nandy Dibyendu 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Sunspots have been observed for over four centuries and the magnetic nature of sunspot cycles has been known for about a century; however, some of its underlying physics still remain elusive. It is known that the solar magnetic cycle involves a recycling of magnetic flux between the poloidal and toroidal components of the magnetic field, that manifests as the solar dipole and sunspots, respectively. Here, we report the discovery of a new relationship between the rise rate of the sunspot cycle and the decay rate of the solar (axial) dipole moment. This provides an extension to the Waldmeier effect in sunspot cycles and points to the existence of a causal connection between the aforementioned physical quantities, which can be succinctly stated as the decay rate of the Sun’s dipole moment is related to the rate of rise of the following sunspot cycle. We demonstrate how one may take advantage of this new relationship to predict the timing of the sunspot cycle. Our analysis indicates solar cycle 25 is expected to be a weak-moderate cycle, peaking in $2024.00_{-0.49}^{+0.68}$.