bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulations of multiple breeding strategy scenarios in common bean for assessing genomic selection accuracy and model updating
Authors: Chiaravallotti Isabella , Lin Jennifer , Arief Vivi , Jahufer Zulfi , Osorno Juan M. , McClean Phil , Jarquin Diego , Hoyos‐Villegas Valerio 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the ridge regression best linear unbiased prediction model across different traits, parent population sizes, and breeding strategies when estimating breeding values in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Genomic selection was implemented to make selections within a breeding cycle and compared across five different breeding strategies (single seed descent, mass selection, pedigree method, modified pedigree method, and bulk breeding) following 10 breeding cycles. The model was trained on a simulated population of recombinant inbreds genotyped for 1010 single nucleotide polymorphism markers including 38 known quantitative trait loci identified in the literature. These QTL included 11 for seed yield, eight for white mold disease incidence, and 19 for days to flowering. Simulation results revealed that realized accuracies fluctuate depending on the factors investigated: trait genetic architecture, breeding strategy, and the number of initial parents used to begin the first breeding cycle. Trait architecture and breeding strategy appeared to have a larger impact on accuracy than the initial number of parents. Generally, maximum accuracies (in terms of the correlation between true and estimated breeding value) were consistently achieved under a mass selection strategy, pedigree method, and single seed descent method depending on the simulation parameters being tested. This study also investigated model updating, which involves retraining the prediction model with a new set of genotypes and phenotypes that have a closer relation to the population being tested. While it has been repeatedly shown that model updating generally improves prediction accuracy, it benefited some breeding strategies more than others. For low heritability traits (e.g., yield), conventional phenotype‐based selection methods showed consistent rates of genetic gain, but genetic gain under genomic selection reached a plateau after fewer cycles. This plateauing is likely a cause of faster fixation of alleles and a diminishing of genetic variance when selections are made based on estimated breeding value as opposed to phenotype.
Psychological symptoms and quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in China: A multicenter study
Authors: Zhang Jixiang , Liu Chuan , An Ping , Chen Min , Wei Yuping , Li Jinting , Zeng Suqi , Xiang Dan , Cai Yanhui , Li Jun , Chen Baili , Cui Liqian , Qian Jiaming , Liu Zhongchun , Jiang Changqing , Shi Jie , Wu Kaichun , Dong Weiguo ,   Psychology Club of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group, Chinese Society of Gastroenterology, Chinese Medical Association; Chinese Association for Mental Hygiene
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsTo investigate the current situation of mental psychology and quality of life (QoL) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in China, and analyze the influencing factors.MethodsA unified questionnaire was developed to collect clinical data on IBD patients from 42 hospitals in 22 provinces from September 2021 to May 2022. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted, and independent influencing factors were screened out to construct nomogram. The consistency index (C‐index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under the ROC curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the discrimination, accuracy, and clinical utility of the nomogram model.ResultsA total of 2478 IBD patients were surveyed, including 1371 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 1107 patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Among them, 25.5%, 29.7%, 60.2%, and 37.7% of IBD patients had anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance and poor QoL, respectively. The proportion of anxiety, depression, and poor QoL in UC patients was significantly higher than that in CD patients (all p < 0.05), but there was no difference in sleep disturbance between them (p = 0.737). Female, higher disease activity and the first visit were independent risk factors for anxiety, depression and sleep disturbance in IBD patients (all p < 0.05). The first visit, higher disease activity, abdominal pain and diarrhea symptoms, anxiety, depression and sleep disturbance were independent risk factors for the poor QoL of patients (all p < 0.05). The AUC value of the nomogram prediction model for predicting poor QoL was 0.773 (95% CI: 0.754–0.792). The calibration diagram of the model showed that the calibration curve fit well with the ideal curve, and DCA showed that the nomogram model could bring clinical benefits.ConclusionIBD patients have higher anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance, which affect their QoL. The nomogram prediction model we constructed has high accuracy and performance when predicting QoL.
Patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis in Denmark have higher use of psychotropic drugs: A Danish nationwide study of psychotropic drug use in 3367 patients and 16,835 matched comparators
Authors: Øvlisen Andreas Kiesbye , Frandsen Line Tegtmeier , Hollænder Martin , Bredal Kasper , Terkelsen Jacob Holmen , Kragholm Kristian Hay , Torp‐Pedersen Christian , Melgaard Dorte , Krarup Anne Lund 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundEosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, immune‐mediated disease of the oesophagus. Eosinophilic oesophagitis is associated with a substantial disease burden affecting the quality of life and affecting mental health. There are limited data describing the incidence of psychiatric disorders and the use of psychotropic drugs (PDs) in EoE patients.ObjectivesThe aim was to investigate whether EoE patients in Denmark have higher use of PDs, contacts with the department of psychiatry, and attempts of suicide or intentional self‐harm compared with the general population after being diagnosed with EoE.MethodsThis study was a nationwide, population‐based register study including 3367 EoE patients and 16,835 age‐ and sex‐matched comparators. A register‐based EoE definition was used to identify cases. Incident PD use was extracted from the prescription register and information regarding psychiatric contacts was retrieved from the Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register.ResultsThe 5‐year incidence of PD use in EoE patients was 13.8% compared to 7.1% of the matched comparators (Hazard ratio 1.83; confidence interval 1.6–2.0; p ≤ 0.001). Antidepressants were the most frequently prescribed PD, whereas antipsychotics were the least prescribed PD. Increasing age, lower educational level, and comorbidity (Charlson Comorbidity Index score ≥1) were associated with the prescription of PDs. The risk of PD use was lower in men than in women with EoE.ConclusionTreatment with PDs were more common in EoE patients after they were diagnosed than in the general Danish population, indicating that EoE patients have an increased risk of psychiatric disorders.
Trimester‐specific diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound for detection of placenta accreta spectrum: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hessami K. , Horgan R. , Munoz J. L. , Norooznezhad A. H. , Nassr A. A. , Fox K. A. , Di Mascio D. , Caldwell M. , Catania V. , D'Antonio F. , Abuhamad A. Z. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound for detecting placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) during the first trimester of pregnancy and compare it with the accuracy of second‐ and third‐trimester ultrasound examination in pregnancies at risk for PAS.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched to identify relevant studies published from inception until 10 March 2023. Inclusion criteria were cohort, case–control or cross‐sectional studies that evaluated the accuracy of ultrasound examination performed at < 14 weeks of gestation (first trimester) or ≥ 14 weeks of gestation (second/third trimester) for the diagnosis of PAS in pregnancies with clinical risk factors. The primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of sonography in detecting PAS in the first trimester, compared with the accuracy of ultrasound examination in the second and third trimesters. The secondary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of each sonographic marker individually across the trimesters of pregnancy. The reference standard was PAS confirmed at pathological or surgical examination. The potential of ultrasound and different ultrasound signs to detect PAS was assessed by computing summary estimates of sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio and positive and negative likelihood ratios.ResultsA total of 37 studies, including 5764 pregnancies at risk of PAS, with 1348 cases of confirmed PAS, were included in our analysis. The meta‐analysis demonstrated that ultrasound had a sensitivity of 86% (95% CI, 78–92%) and specificity of 63% (95% CI, 55–70%) during the first trimester, and a sensitivity of 88% (95% CI, 84–91%) and specificity of 92% (95% CI, 85–96%) during the second/third trimester. Regarding sonographic markers examined in the first trimester, lower uterine hypervascularity exhibited the highest sensitivity (97% (95% CI, 19–100%)), and uterovesical interface irregularity demonstrated the highest specificity (99% (95% CI, 96–100%)). In the second/third trimester, loss of clear zone had the highest sensitivity (80% (95% CI, 72–86%)), and uterovesical interface irregularity exhibited the highest specificity (99% (95% CI, 97–100%)).ConclusionsFirst‐trimester ultrasound examination has similar accuracy to second‐ and third‐trimester ultrasound examinations for the diagnosis of PAS. Routine first‐trimester ultrasound screening for patients at high risk of PAS may improve detection rates and allow earlier referral to tertiary care centers for pregnancy management. © 2024 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Molecular mechanism and promising treatments of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: An exploratory bibliometric analysis and literature review of preclinical studies
Authors: Lao Yongfeng , Guan Xin , Wang Jian , Bai Yanan , Li Zewen , Wang Zhiping , Dong Zhilong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundAs one of the most common diseases in urology, a large number of preclinical studies have been accumulated to explore the etiological mechanism and potential intervention of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).MethodsIn this study, we systematically evaluated the current status of preclinical research on CP/CPPS through bibliometrics analysis using VOSviewer and Citespace. Characteristics of publication such as year, country/region, institution, author, journal, citation, and keywords were analyzed. Based on the bibliometrics analysis results of keywords, we summarized the possible mechanisms and promising treatments for CP/CPPS narratively.ResultsAccording to the results of this study, the most common mechanisms involved in CP/CPPS were as follows: Disturbed immune and inflammation mediators, immune cell dysfunction, oxidative stress, dysregulated signaling pathways, apoptosis, gut microbiota, and testosterone metabolism. Traditional Chinese Medicine and extracorporeal shock wave therapy have important potential in the treatment of CP/CPPS.ConclusionFurther translational studies targeting the above mechanisms and validating the objective efficacy of potential treatments indicated by preclinical studies in clinical patients are needed in the future.
Pyelocaliceal diverticula in a ferret (Mustela furo)
Authors: Murciano Glenda , Santa Daniele Della , Melillo Alessandro , Meini Saverio , De Felice Elisa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThrough uro‐computed tomography in a female ferret sterilised with Deslorelin Acetate implant, it was possible to discriminate the presence of a pyelocaliceal diverticula, differentiating it from a simple cyst. This method made it possible to obtain relevant information that cannot be acquired with ultrasound. Clearly, in animals such as ferrets, in which the incidence of diagnosed renal cysts is conspicuous, lesions that currently appear to be less common should be excluded through advanced diagnostics to understand the real incidence.
Differences in trauma care between district and regional hospitals and impact of a trauma intake form with decision support prompts in Ghana: A stepped‐wedge cluster randomized trial
Authors: Gyedu Adam , Amponsah‐Manu Forster , Awuku Kwabena , Ameyaw Ernest , Korankye Kennedy K. , Donkor Peter , Mock Charles 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to determine the achievement of key performance indicators (KPIs) of initial trauma care at district (first‐level) and regional (second‐level) hospitals in Ghana and to assess the effectiveness of a standardized trauma intake form (TIF) to improve care.MethodsA stepped‐wedge cluster randomized trial was performed with direct observations of trauma management before and after introducing the TIF at emergency units of eight hospitals for 17.5 months. Differences in KPIs were assessed using multivariable logistic regression and generalized linear mixed regression.ResultsManagement of 4077 patients was observed; 30% at regional and 70% at district hospitals. Eight of 20 KPIs were performed significantly more often at regional hospitals. TIF improved care at both levels. Fourteen KPIs improved significantly at district and eight KPIs improved significantly at regional hospitals. After TIF, regional hospitals still performed better with 18 KPIs being performed significantly more often than district hospitals. After TIF, all KPIs were performed in >90% of patients at regional hospitals. Examples of KPIs for which regional performed better than district hospitals after TIF included: assessment for oxygen saturation (83% vs. 98%) and evaluation for intra‐abdominal bleeding (82% vs. 99%, all p < 0.001). Mortality decreased among seriously injured patients (injury severity score ≥9) at both district (15% before vs. 8% after, p = 0.04) and regional (23% vs. 7%, p = 0.004) hospitals.ConclusionsTIF improved care and lowered mortality at both hospital levels, but KPIs remained lower at district hospitals. Further measures are needed to improve initial trauma care at this level.Clinical trials registrationClinicaltrials.gov (NCT04547192).
Warzone pediatric trauma care: Lessons from civilian medical staff in Kyiv
Authors: Benzar Iryna , Levytskyi Anatolii , Khrapach Vasyl , Unukovych Dmytro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe article discusses the challenges faced by civilian healthcare providers in Kyiv, Ukraine, during the conflict in treating pediatric trauma resulting from war‐related incidents.MethodsThe authors share their experiences and insights from managing a series of 12 pediatric patients admitted to the Ohmatdyt children's hospital between February 25 and April 1, 2022. During this period, the hospital was under constant threat due to the military conflict.ResultsThe patients, ranging in age from 3 months to 17 years, suffered injuries from various causes, including vehicle shootings, explosions, and other traumatic events. The interventions and timely management are discussed, and two detailed clinical cases are presented to illustrate the complexities of treating pediatric trauma in a warzone.ConclusionIn summary, the article sheds light on the unique challenges faced by healthcare providers in a warzone when treating pediatric trauma. It underscores the importance of timely intervention, effective triage, and the utilization of advanced medical techniques to improve patient outcomes in such challenging circumstances.
Military Leadership and Resilience
Authors: Boga MAJ Danny 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMilitary service exposes personnel to a variety of stressors and potentially traumatic events, ranging from combat through to common occupational demands found in any job. Military personnel frequently face demands such as extended time away from family and friends, exposure to ambiguous and potentially lethal situations, restrictions on personal freedoms, increased legal powers from supervisors, and the constant need to maintain “operational readiness.” The stressors faced during military service can have significant repercussions on operational effectiveness and force sustainment. How personnel respond to these demands while maintaining effective performance over time is often considered to be a matter of resilience. Resilience involves the ability to bounce back with minimal impact from adversity. Military leaders at all levels have become increasingly concerned about how the resilience of their personnel might impact or enhance operational capability. Commanders are increasingly recognizing the important roles leadership and organizational support play in the development of resilience.This chapter aims to provide a broad overview of some of the research, concepts, and practices being employed by modern militaries to foster resilience. It examines what is meant by resilience, then looks at how different concepts have been used at both individual and organizational levels to encourage greater resilience among military personnel. Overall, the development of resilience is a multifaceted process which leaders need to be aware of if they are to get the best out of their personnel. The promotion of adaptive “resilient” behaviors is particularly important in high-performance/high-stress organizations such as the military.
Einleitung
Authors: Barton Daniel 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Gestaltung von Lernumgebungen ist zumeist darauf ausgerichtet, Lernprozesse hinsichtlich der optimalen Entwicklung von SchülerInnen zu unterstützen. Affektive und motivationale Faktoren des Lernprozesses wurden in Bezug auf die Lernumgebungsgestaltung in der erziehungswissenschaftlichen sowie fachdidaktischen Forschung jedoch bisher oftmals vernachlässigt. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde ein Unterrichtsprojekt zur Förderung von lernförderlichen Emotionen sowie Motivation und Kompetenzen im Mathematikunterricht entwickelt und evaluiert. Der unterrichtliche Rahmen des Projekts orientiert sich dabei an theoretischen Gestaltungsmerkmalen zur Emotions- und Motivationsförderung.
Lernumgebung
Authors: Barton Daniel 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel werden zunächst lerntheoretische Grundlagen zur Gestaltung von Lernumgebungen betrachtet und anschließend konkrete Gestaltungsmerkmale für eine emotions- und motivationsfördernde Lernumgebung auf Grundlage theoretischer Modelle und empirischer Studien abgeleitet.
Investigation on micro-milling of cemented carbide with ball nose and corner radius diamond-coated end mills
Authors: Figueiredo Daniel , Silva Joana , Silva Tiago E. F. , de Jesus AbÍlio M. P. , Fernandes Cristina M. , Davim J. Paulo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMicro-milling of cemented carbides is a challenging task due to their high hardness, low toughness and high wear resistance. Ensuring good surface quality and dimensional accuracy is crucial for extending parts service life, which in turn enhances economical and environmental sustainability. This paper is mainly focused on evaluating surface formation mechanisms, scale effects, fracture behaviour and chip formation using distinct cemented carbide micro-milling tools with multi-layer diamond HF-CVD. In order to achieve higher precision and more efficient micro-milling operations on WC-15Co and WC-10Co, a systematic experimental approach has been carried out. The influence of cutting parameters, achievable surface quality and defects occurrence were thoroughly examined. Experimental results evidence the influence of operational conditions on the chip formation of cemented carbides as well as an important impact of the utilized cutting tool. Micro-pits, cracks, thin ploughing layer and fractured workpiece edges are amongst the observed surface damage mechanisms. A ductile cutting regime of the high-hardness composite material is confirmed, exhibited by the plastic deformation even when small depths of cut are considered.
Bifunctional peptides as alternatives to copper-based formulations to control citrus canker
Authors: Dilarri Guilherme , de Lencastre Novaes Leticia Celia , Jakob Felix , Schwaneberg Ulrich , Ferreira Henrique 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Citrus canker is an infectious bacterial disease and one of the major threats to the orange juice industry, a multibillion-dollar market that generates hundreds of thousands of jobs worldwide. This disease is caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri. In Brazil, the largest producer and exporter of concentrate orange juice, the control of citrus canker is exerted by integrated management practices, in which cupric solutions are intensively used in the orchards to refrain bacterial spreading. Copper ions accumulate and are as heavy metals toxic to the environment. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to evaluate bifunctional fusion proteins (BiFuProts) as novel and bio-/peptide-based alternatives to copper formulations to control citrus canker. BiFuProts are composed of an anchor peptide able to bind to citrus leaves, and an antimicrobial “killer” peptide to protect against bacterial infections of plants. The selected BiFuProt (Mel-CgDEF) was bactericidal against X. citri at 125 μg mL−1, targeting the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane within the first minutes of contact. The results in the greenhouse assays proved that Mel-CgDEF at 250 μg mL−1 provided protection against X. citri infection on the leaves, significantly reducing the number of lesions by area when compared with the controls. Overall, the present work showed that the BiFuProt Mel-CgDEF is a biobased and biodegradable possible alternative for substitute cupric formulations.

Key points
• The bifunctional fusion protein Mel-CgDEF was effective against Xanthomonas citri.
• Mel-CgDEF action mechanism was the disruption of the cytoplasmic membrane.
• Mel-CgDEF protected citrus leaves against citrus canker disease.
Phylogenetic conservation of the interdependent homeostatic relationship of sleep regulation and redox metabolism
Authors: Terzi Aslihan , Ngo Keri J. , Mourrain Philippe 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSleep is an essential and evolutionarily conserved process that affects many biological functions that are also strongly regulated by cellular metabolism. The interdependence between sleep homeostasis and redox metabolism, in particular, is such that sleep deprivation causes redox metabolic imbalances in the form of over-production of ROS. Likewise (and vice versa), accumulation of ROS leads to greater sleep pressure. Thus, it is theorized that one of the functions of sleep is to act as the brain’s “antioxidant” at night by clearing oxidation built up from daily stress of the active day phase. In this review, we will highlight evidence linking sleep homeostasis and regulation to redox metabolism by discussing (1) the bipartite role that sleep–wake neuropeptides and hormones have in redox metabolism through comparing cross-species cellular and molecular mechanisms, (2) the evolutionarily metabolic changes that accompanied the development of sleep loss in cavefish, and finally, (3) some of the challenges of uncovering the cellular mechanism underpinning how ROS accumulation builds sleep pressure and cellularly, how this pressure is cleared.