bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The EU’s Anti-SLAPP Directive: A Partial Victory for Rule of Law Advocacy in Europe
Authors: Borg-Barthet Justin , Farrington Francesca 
Published: January 2025

AbstractStrategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation or SLAPPs are abusive lawsuits which have the purpose or effect of suppressing public participation. This Article considers the peculiarities of this form of “strategic litigation” and takes stock of developments in the European Union to combat SLAPPs, noting that while the adoption of an Anti-SLAPP Directive represents an example of effective legal mobilization and a major positive step towards safeguarding the rule of law in the EU, its limitations render it crucial that Member States treat the Directive as a foundation and build national legislation which is more robust in substance and more far-reaching in scope.
Strategic Litigation in EU Law: Who does it Empower?
Authors: Cebulak Pola , Morvillo Marta , Salomon Stefan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractStrategic litigation is a form of legal mobilization, where actors bring cases before judges not only to win in court, but also to pursue broader political, social or economic ends. Various actors can use the law strategically – big corporations, specialized non-governmental organizations or individual academics. The ends can range from resisting market regulation or a political advocacy campaign to simply “testing the law”. The results of strategic litigation maintain or change power relations in society, economy or politics.This article provides an analytical framework for the Special Issue on Strategic Litigation in EU Law. This framework can be used to study strategic litigation mobilizing EU law. A contextual and normatively open definition of strategic litigation, recognizes that strategic litigation as a practice operates within specific social, institutional, and economic contexts while accommodating a spectrum of agendas from progressive to conservative. The framework encompasses three dimensions: the actors involved, the unique legal structures of EU law, and its effects—both in terms of strictly legal outcomes and of broader socio-political consequences. Ultimately, this framework aims to illuminate the dynamics of (dis)empowerment characterizing strategic litigation, paving the way for a comprehensive exploration of its implications within the EU legal landscape.
From Oppressive to Progressive Praise: How, Why, and When to Praise in Conditions of Oppression
Authors: McHugh Hannah 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Theories of moral responsibility have often assumed that praise does not require justification in the way that blame might. Recent accounts of oppressive praise have challenged this and demonstrated that oppressive praise will track and enforce oppressive norms. Existing solutions to the problem of oppressive praise have sought either to redistribute praise or to reorient praise to serve emancipatory goals. These solutions fail to acknowledge how emancipatory norms evolve over time, and the relationship between developing norms and developing practices of praise. This paper offers a practice-dependent account of progressive praise as a solution to oppressive praise, that (i) respects agent’s socially self-governed agency and (ii) does not reinforce oppressive norms, but (iii) can contribute to improvements to the social moral ecology.
A Firm Policy Decision: Infrastructural Form and Pahlavi Developmentalism at the Ahvāz Pipe Mill
Authors: Movahedi-Lankarani Ciruce A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
By examining the history of the Ahvāz pipe mill in the 1960s and 1970s, this article investigates the manner in which competing understandings of Iran's modernizing trajectory among Pahlavi officials were bound up with the material aspects of steel, such as weight, volume, and form. The mill was built to provide pipe for the First Iran Gas Trunkline, a sprawling system intended to gather, refine, and transport natural gas to Iranian cities and the Soviet Caucasus. Officials overseeing the project debated whether the mill's design should prioritize serving the pipeline project or, more ambitiously, establish a new pipe rolling industry able to serve domestic and regional markets. Argued in this article is the significance of attending to infrastructure and materiality in understanding Iran's twentieth-century history of developmentalism.
Obruchevodid petalodonts (Chondrichthyes, Petalodontiformes, Obruchevodidae) from the Middle Mississippian (Viséan) Joppa Member of the Ste. Genevieve Formation at Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky U.S.A.
Authors: Hodnett John-Paul M. , Egli H. Chase , Toomey Rickard , Olson Rickard , Tolleson Kelli , Boldon Richard , Tweet Justin S. , Santucci Vincent L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Obruchevodid petalodonts are rare small chondrichthyans known from nearly complete to partial skeletons from the Upper Mississippian (Serpukhovian) Bear Gulch Limestone of central Montana and isolated teeth from the Upper Mississippian Bangor Limestone of northern Alabama. New records of obruchevodid petalodonts are presented here from the Middle Mississippian (Viséan) Joppa Member of the Ste. Genevieve Formation at Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky. Obruchevodids are here represented by multiple teeth of a new taxon, Clavusodens mcginnisi n. gen. n. sp., and a single tooth referred to ?Netsepoye sp. Clavusodens mcginnisi n. gen. n. sp. is characterized by teeth with pointed mesiodistal and lingual margins and more robust chisel-like cusps on the anterolateral and distolateral teeth. The suggestion that obruchevodid petalodonts evolved to inhabit complex reef-like environments and other nearshore habitats with a feeding ecology analogous to extant triggerfish is explored and discussed.
UUID: http://zoobank.org/0955c37a-c458-4a4d-89c4-01d6915adeca
Last exit time until first exit time for spectrally negative Lévy processes
Authors: Yang Xiaofeng , Pedraza José M. , Li Bin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We study the last exit time that a spectrally negative Lévy process is below zero until it reaches a positive level b, denoted by

$g_{\tau_b^+}$

. We generalize the results of the infinite-horizon last exit time explored by Chiu and Yin (2005) by incorporating a random horizon

$\tau_b^+$

, which represents the first passage time above b. We derive an explicit expression for the joint Laplace transform of

$g_{\tau_b^+}$

and

$\tau_b^+$

by utilizing a hybrid observation scheme approach proposed by Li, Willmot, and Wong (2018). We further study the optimal prediction of

$g_{\tau_b^+}$

in the

$L_1$

sense, and find that the optimal stopping time is the first passage time above a level

$y_b^{\ast}$

, with an explicit characterization of the stopping boundary

$y_b^{\ast}$

. As examples, Brownian motion with drift and the Cramér–Lundberg model with exponential jumps are considered.
The Commensal Real-time ASKAP Fast Transient incoherent-sum survey
Authors: Shannon R. M. , Bannister K. W. , Bera A. , Bhandari S. , Day C. K. , Deller A. T. , Dial T. , Dobie D. , Ekers R. D. , Fong W.- f. , Glowacki M. , Gordon A. C. , Gourdji K. , Jaini A. , James C. W. , Kumar P. , Mahony E. K. , Marnoch L. , Muller A. R. , Prochaska J. X. , Qiu (邱昊) H. , Ryder S. D. , Sadler E. M. , Scott D. R. , Tejos N. , Uttarkar P. A. , Wang Y. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With wide-field phased array feed technology, the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) is ideally suited to search for seemingly rare radio transient sources that are difficult to discover previous-generation narrow-field telescopes. The Commensal Real-time ASKAP Fast Transient (CRAFT) Survey Science Project has developed instrumentation to continuously search for fast radio transients (duration ≲ 1 second) with ASKAP, with a particular focus on finding and localising Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs). Since 2018, the CRAFT survey has been searching for FRBs and other fast transients by incoherently adding the intensities received by individual ASKAP antennas, and then correcting for the impact of frequency dispersion on these short-duration signals in the resultant incoherent sum (ICS) in real-time. This low-latency detection enables the triggering of voltage buffers, which facilitates the localisation of the transient source and the study of spectro-polarimetric properties at high time resolution. Here we report the sample of 43 FRBs discovered in this CRAFT/ICS survey to date. This includes 22 FRBs that had not previously been reported: 16 FRBs localised by ASKAP to. ≲ 1 arcsec and 6 FRBs localised to ∼ 10 arcmin. Of the new arcsecond-localised FRBs, we have identified and characterised host galaxies (and measured redshifts) for 11. The median of all 30 measured host redshifts from the survey to date is z = 0.23. We summarise results from the searches, in particular those contributing to our understanding of the burst progenitors and emission mechanisms, and on the use of bursts as probes of intervening media. We conclude by foreshadowing future FRB surveys with ASKAP using a coherent detection system that is currently being commissioned. This will increase the burst detection rate by a factor of approximately ten and also the distance to which ASKAP can localise FRBs.
Magmatic evolution of the Paleoproterozoic A2-type granite along the northern Indian margin: insights from geochemistry and U-Pb geochronology of Baijnath Klippe, NW Himalaya
Authors: Patel Shubham , Joshi Mallickarjun , Oinam Govind , Das Biraja P. , Kumar Alok , Srivastava Tanya 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Paleoproterozoic granitoids of the lesser Himalayan belt are keys to understanding the evolution of the northern Indian continental margin and its position in the Columbia supercontinent assembly. We present whole-rock chemistry and zircon U-Pb geochronological data for Gwaldam Biotite Granite (GBGr) from the Baijnath Klippe (BK) in Kumaun Himalaya to elucidate their petrogenesis and geodynamic implications. Granites are characterized by ferroan, weakly peraluminous nature with high SiO2 and K2O contents, enrichment in LILE (Rb, Th, K and Pb), and depletion in Ba, Nb, P, Hf and Ti. Granites show enrichment in light rare earth element relative to heavy rare earth elements and pronounced negative Eu anomalies. Such chemistry suggests typical A-type granite with high Y/Nb >2 values that characterize it as A2-type granite. Zircon U-Pb ages for the granite yield upper intercept at 1900 ± 3 Ma (core) and 1854 ± 2 Ma (rim). Integrating the chemical and geochronological data, we propose a two-stage evolution model for the area. In the GBGr, the ∼1900 Ma date of zircon core is likely the date of crystallization of the melts presumably formed during the first extensional stage at uppermost mantle – lower crust levels caused by slab break-off/rollback, which followed a post-collisional setting. The second incipient rifting stage produced melt that entrained the zircon cores (∼1900 Ma) during its ascendance and crystallized as the GBGr at ∼1854 Ma when the zircon rims crystallized. It is further proposed that the Paleoproterozoic Northern Indian continental margin later underwent at least two crustal extensions during the Columbia supercontinent agglomeration.
A party with China: political party affiliation and perceptions of China in African countries
Authors: Nagao Haruka , Hatungimana William , Liu Rigao , Kennedy John James 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMost of the attention on Africa-China relations has centred on China's economic activities. What remains unclear is the role of partisanship in shaping public perceptions of China in African countries. Since the Chinese government builds a favourable relationship with an incumbent party, incumbent party supporters tend to have positive views towards China whereas opposition party supporters perceive China more critically. This study conducts multilevel mixed-effects regression analyses of public opinion across 33 African countries, and finds that opposition party supporters are indeed more critical of China. While opposition parties are motivated by their office-seeking interests, they also hold an incumbent party accountable. This study sheds light on the agency of political parties and their supporters in African countries and the mode (instead of volume) of China's bilateral engagement.
Imagined solidarity around tax practices: a two-dimensional framework based on motivating logic and group boundaries
Authors: Söderström Johanna , Rakner Lise 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUnderstanding why citizens are willing to finance public goods is central to development and state capacity. Taxation can contribute to the common good, yet particularly in developing contexts, citizens may not benefit – or contribute – equally from such resources or across their lifetimes. How do taxpayers link solidarity to the practice of paying taxes? Taxation makes solidarity visible, but taxation practices also produce and shape solidarity. To enable further scrutiny of the perceived linkages between taxation, ideas around redistribution, and solidarity we develop a framework of imagined solidarity, which differentiates between affective and calculative solidarity on the one hand, and personal and generalised solidarity on the other hand. Using data from focus groups with formal sector workers in Namibia, we illustrate how taxpayers link solidarity to the practice of paying taxes along these dimensions; demonstrating the usefulness of this framework for the further study of fiscal interconnectedness, also beyond Namibia.
Mapping tianxia and mapping the world: Cosmopolitan ideas in geographic sources of fifteenth- to eighteenth-century China
Authors: Papelitzky Elke 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The concept of tianxia (All-under-Heaven) has been described as a Chinese version of cosmopolitanism. However, tianxia is a hard-to-define term, with political, cultural, and geographic meanings. From the fifteenth century onwards, maps exist that claim to show tianxia, therefore allowing us to reconstruct how Chinese mapmakers understood tianxia’s geographic extent. Other terms in the titles of maps that show space beyond the borders of the Ming and Qing states include huayi (civilized and barbarian/Chinese and non-Chinese), wanguo (10,000 countries), and sihai (four seas). This article examines the geographic extent of these terms and changes in their usage between the fifteenth and eighteenth centuries. It argues that Ming Chinese mapmakers and scholars presented tianxia as equivalent to the Ming empire and used terms such as huayi and wanguo to advertise the maps as showing regions far away, like western Asia and the Americas. Jesuits in China, on the other hand, applied a broader meaning of tianxia, equating it with the whole globe. During the Qing, the extent of tianxia expanded to represent a cosmopolitan empire connected to a range of surrounding states, embedded in a wider world.
Pointless atheism
Authors: Hendricks Perry C 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Say theism is the view that an omnipotent, omniscient, perfectly loving, and perfectly good being exists. And say pointless atheism occurs just in case there’s an atheist who isn’t resistant to belief in God, and no greater good comes about on account of this atheist’s non-belief. In this article, I show that if two prominent views about evil and divine hiddenness are accepted, theism is compatible with pointless atheism – a result hitherto unnoticed. Furthermore, not only is theism compatible with pointless atheism, it entails pointless atheism. This is significant because many objections to the argument from divine hiddenness have tried to show that all instances of non-resistant atheism are required for a greater good. But if I’m right, given theism, there need not be a point to non-resistant atheism. Indeed, we should expect there to be pointless atheism.
Models for information propagation on graphs
Authors: Dunbar Oliver R. A. , Elliott Charles M. , Kreusser Lisa Maria 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We propose and unify classes of different models for information propagation over graphs. In a first class, propagation is modelled as a wave, which emanates from a set of known nodes at an initial time, to all other unknown nodes at later times with an ordering determined by the arrival time of the information wave front. A second class of models is based on the notion of a travel time along paths between nodes. The time of information propagation from an initial known set of nodes to a node is defined as the minimum of a generalised travel time over subsets of all admissible paths. A final class is given by imposing a local equation of an eikonal form at each unknown node, with boundary conditions at the known nodes. The solution value of the local equation at a node is coupled to those of neighbouring nodes with lower values. We provide precise formulations of the model classes and prove equivalences between them. Finally, we apply the front propagation models on graphs to semi-supervised learning via label propagation and information propagation on trust networks.
Development of an extraction method for the identification of peptides in the spermosphere of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Saccaram Chandrodhay , Bernay Benoit , Brosse Céline , Collet Boris , Peng Shuang , Sourdeval Delphine , François Tracy , Corso Massimiliano , Rajjou Loïc 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Seeds are crucial for plant reproduction, dispersal and agriculture. Seed quality and vigour greatly impact crop production by enabling rapid and uniform germination under various environmental conditions. This leads to healthy seedlings that can withstand both biotic and abiotic stresses, which are particularly important in the context of the accentuation of global climate change. Upon imbibition during germination sensu stricto, seeds release exudates, complex mixtures of organic and inorganic molecules, into the microenvironment surrounding them, known as the spermosphere. These exudates play a pivotal role in seedling development and overall plant fitness by influencing microbial selection, growth and interactions in the spermosphere, ultimately shaping the plant's microbiome. Proteins such as enzymes with protection properties have previously been demonstrated to be released by the seeds in their exudates. However, limited information is available pertaining to peptides in seed exudates. Here, we developed an experimental protocol to extract and identify peptides in the spermosphere of germinating common bean seeds. We showed that our methodology was successful in identifying a broad spectrum of peptides and that extraction solvent choice impacts peptide identification both qualitatively and quantitatively. We also show the possibility of using online prediction tools to predict the properties of identified peptides based on their amino acid sequence. We propose that this approach may be used to identify potential molecules that could be used as candidates for developing strategies to enhance seed quality and improve crop productivity.
Teaching death, spirituality, and palliative care to university students: Novel pedagogical approach
Authors: Corpuz Jeff Clyde G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Teaching death, spirituality, and palliative care equips students with critical skills and perspectives for holistic patient care. This interdisciplinary approach fosters empathy, resilience, and personal growth while enhancing competence in end-of-life care. Using experiential methods like simulations and real patient interactions, educators bridge theory and practice. Integrating theological insights and inclusive-pluralism encourages meaningful dialogue, preparing students to address patients’ physical, emotional, and spiritual needs. This holistic pedagogy not only improves patient outcomes but also promotes collaboration and compassion in healthcare.
Children’s palliative care perceptions and educational needs among healthcare professionals in humanitarian settings
Authors: Blatman Zachary , Rayala Spandana , Richardson Kathryn , Risat Md Ilias Kamal , Yantzi Rachel , Doherty Megan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Explore humanitarian healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) perceptions about implementing children’s palliative care and to identify their educational needs and challenges, including learning topics, training methods, and barriers to education.

Methods
Humanitarian HCPs were interviewed about perspectives on children’s palliative care and preferences and needs for training. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and arranged into overarching themes. Thematic analysis was performed using qualitative description.

Results
Ten healthcare workers, including doctors, nurses, psychologists, and health-project coordinators, were interviewed. Participants identified key patient and family-related barriers to palliative care in humanitarian settings, including misconceptions that palliative care was synonymous with end-of-life care or failure. Health system barriers included time constraints, insufficient provider knowledge, and a lack of standardized palliative care protocols. Important learning topics included learning strategies to address the stigma of serious illness and palliative care, culturally sensitive communication skills, and pain and symptom management. Preferred learning modalities included interactive lectures, role-play/simulation, and team-based case discussions. Participants preferred online training for theoretical knowledge and in-person learning to improve their ability to conduct serious illness conversations and learn other key palliative care skills.

Significance of results
Palliative care prevents and relieves serious illness-related suffering for children with life-threatening and life-limiting conditions; however, most children in humanitarian settings are not able to access essential palliative care, leading to preventable pain and suffering. Limited palliative care knowledge and skills among HCPs in these settings are significant barriers to improving access to palliative care. Humanitarian HCPs are highly motivated to learn and improve their skills in children’s palliative care, but they require adequate health system resources and training. These findings can guide educators in developing palliative care education packages for humanitarian HCPs.