bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the switch status of Helicobacter pylori outer inflammatory protein A on gastric diseases
Authors: Oktem-Okullu Sinem , Karaman Tayyip , Akcelik-Deveci Sümeyye , Timucin Emel , Sezerman Osman Ugur , Mansur-Ozen Nesteren , Buyukcolak Yaren , Tiftikci Arzu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHelicobacter pylori OipA (Outer Inflammatory Protein A) is an outer membrane protein that takes role in the adherence and colonization to the stomach. oipA gene expression is regulated by the slipped-strand mispairing mechanism through a hypermutable CT dinucleotide repeat motif in the 5΄ region. Alterations in the CT number repeats cause frame-shift mutations to result in phase variation of oipA expression. While a functional “On” status has been recognized as a risk factor for peptic ulcer diseases and gastric cancer in many studies, some controversial findings still exist. To this end, this study compiled the sequence data of oipA from 10 different studies between 2000–2019 and 50 oipA DNA sequences from our own research that examined the relationship between the phase On/Off status of oipA and gastric diseases based on CT repeat number. Overall, we have reached 536 oipA DNA sequences from patients. This large collection of oipA sequences first clarified the absolute conservation of the peptide-pentamer of FWLHA for phase ‘’On’’ status, suggesting this pentamer as a superior marker for the determination of oipA status than counting the number of CT repeats. Combining the sequence and patient data, we have re-analyzed the association between the ‘‘On’’ status of oipA and gastric diseases. Our results showed a strong association between oipA ‘‘On’’ status and gastric cancer supporting previous findings. We also investigated the AlphaFold2 computed structure of OipA that adopts a beta-barrel fold closely resembling to the autotransporter family of H. pylori. Altogether, this study confirms a strong association between oipA ‘‘On’’ statuses and severe gastrointestinal diseases like cancer and provides useful insights into the FWLHA pentamer as an indicator of “On” status of oipA putative autotransporter function rather than CT repeats number.
Experienced barriers in the use of ICT for social interaction in older adults ageing in place: a qualitative systematic review protocol (SYSR-D-22–00848)
Authors: Jøranson Nina , Zechner Minna , Korkmaz Yaylagul Nilufer , Efthymiou Areti , Silva Rosa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Several information and communication technologies (ICT) have been developed to enhance social connectedness of older adults aging in place, although they are not accessible for all. Barriers in using ICT might for example relate to health issues, sensory loss, lack of technical skills, or reluctance to use technologies. Though knowledge on these barriers is crucial for the development and implementation of ICT for older adults, no systematic review was found on this subject. The proposed qualitative systematic review aims to explore barriers experienced by older adults aging in place in using ICT for social interaction.

Methods
The review will be conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology. Databases for search will include MEDLINE (via PubMed), CINAHL (via EBSCO), and Web of Science (ISI), among others. Included studies focus on older adults ageing in place 60 years or older. Pairs of authors will independently, by following agreed guidelines, assess the eligibility of studies, and extract data. The testing of eligibility criteria and screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts will be performed. The findings will describe for example populations, context, culture, and the phenomena of interest. Qualitative research findings will, where possible, be pooled by using JBI SUMARI for the meta-aggregation approach.

Discussion
The mapping of published studies has the potential to identify research gaps in the existing literature, which again may inform developers and stakeholders in designing more user-friendly and adaptive ICT solutions for older people ageing in place.

Systematic review registration
CRD42022370044.
Generalization of the Lehmer problem over incomplete intervals
Authors: Liu Zhaoying , Han Di 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLet $\alpha \geq 2$
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and a nonnegative integer k, we define $$ M_{\lambda _{1},\lambda _{2}} ( m,n,k;q )=\mathop{\mathop{ \mathop{\mathop{{\sum }'}_{a=1}^{q}\mathop{{\sum }'}_{b=1}^{ [ \lambda _{1}q ]}\mathop{{\sum }'}_{c=1}^{ [\lambda _{2}q ]}}_{ab\equiv 1(\bmod q)}}_{c\equiv a^{m}(\bmod q)}}_{n\nmid b+c} ( b-c )^{2k}. $$

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In this paper, we study the arithmetic properties of these generalized Kloosterman sums and give an upper bound estimation for it. By using the upper bound estimation, we discuss the properties of $M_{\lambda _{1},\lambda _{2}} ( m,n,k;q )$

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Daily consumption of γ-oryzanol-fortified canola oil, compared with unfortified canola and sunflower oils, resulted in a better improvement of certain cardiometabolic biomarkers of adult subjects with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Nikooyeh Bahareh , Zargaraan Azizollaah , Ebrahimof Samira , Kalayi Ali , Zahedirad Maliheh , Yazdani Hootan , Rismanchi Marjan , Karami Taher , Khazraei Marzieh , Jafarpour Ali , Neyestani Tirang R. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
This study was undertaken to examine the effects of daily consumption of γ-oryzanol (ORZ)-fortified canola oil, as compared with plain canola and sunflower oils, on certain cardiometabolic indicators.

Methods
Ninety-two adult subjects from both sexes with T2D were randomly assigned to one of the three groups to receive: (a) ORZ-fortified canola oil (Group 1; n1 = 30); (b) unfortified canola oil (Group 2; n2 = 32); or (c) sunflower oil (Group 3; n3 = 30) for 12 weeks. The participants were instructed to use only the given oils for all cooking (but frying) purposes. Anthropometric, dietary and biochemical assessments were done initially and finally.

Results
Though body mass index (BMI) significantly decreased in all three groups, only in Groups 1 and 2 waist circumference (WC) showed a significant decrement (-2.6 ± 0.1 and -2.2 ± 0.1 cm in Groups 1 and 2 respectively, p < 0.001 for both) which was accompanied by a significant reduction of blood pressure just in Group 1. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) showed a significant decrease only in ORZ-fortified canola oil group (−7.7 ± 0.4 mg/dL, p = 0.039 and −0.7 ± 0.1%, p < 0.001, respectively). However, insulin resistance, as judged by HOMA-IR, did not change significantly. In addition, serum triglyceride (TG) concentrations decreased in all three groups but only in ORZ-fortified canola oil was this decrement statistically significant (-17.9 ± 2.1 mg/dL, p = 0.005). Other components of serum lipid profile did not change significantly in either group.

Conclusions
Consumption of either sunflower or canola oils for 12 weeks improved certain studied biomarkers. However, only ORZ-fortified canola oil resulted in a significant decrease of blood pressure, WC, FBG, HbA1c and TG. These findings can help both clinicians and public health authorities for dietary recommendations to subjects with T2D and presumably the whole community.
Trial registration: number at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05271045).
Depressive and anxiety symptoms in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic among physicians in hospitals: results of the longitudinal, multicenter VOICE-EgePan survey over two years
Authors: Morawa Eva , Adler Werner , Schug Caterina , Geiser Franziska , Beschoner Petra , Jerg-Bretzke Lucia , Albus Christian , Weidner Kerstin , Baranowski Andreas M. , Erim Yesim 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
This longitudinal, multicenter web-based study explored the trajectories of depressive and anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic among physicians over two years.

Methods
At four measurement points between 4/2020 and 5/2022 depressive (Patient Health Questionnaire-2, PHQ-2) and anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-2, GAD-2) among physicians in German hospitals were assessed. Time, gender and age effects were analyzed with linear mixed regression models. Comparisons with norm values for the German population during the COVID-19 pandemic were also performed and frequencies of probable depression and anxiety are reported.

Results
The physicians (N = 340) showed a significant increase of depressive symptoms from T1 (M = 1.35, SD = 1.33) to T4 (M = 1.64, SD = 1.34) (p < .001) and of anxiety symptoms from T1 (M = 1.35, SD = 1.42) to T2 (M = 1.59, SD = 1.43) (p = .024). The main effect of gender was only significant for anxiety symptoms (p = .001): women demonstrated higher scores than men. A significant age class difference was observed only for depressive symptoms: the youngest age group (18–40 years) revealed higher values than the oldest group (> 50 years, p = .003). As compared to the general population, the physicians reported significantly elevated PHQ-2 (T1: M = 1.35, SD = 1.33; T2: M = 1.53, SD = 1.37; T3: M = 1.55, SD = 1.40; T4: M = 1.64, SD = 1.34) and GAD-2 scores (T1: M = 1.35, SD = 1.42; T2: M = 1.59, SD = 1.43; T3: M = 1.61, SD = 1.57; T4: M = 1.49, SD = 1.46) for all measurement points (all p < .001). The frequencies of probable depression (PHQ-2 ≥ 3) and anxiety (GAD-2 ≥ 3) were: 14.1% and 17.0% (T1), 16.5% and 21.9% (T2), 17.8% and 22.6% (T3) and 18.5% and 17.3% (T4), respectively.

Conclusions
Mental distress of physicians in German hospitals has increased in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic with gender and age-related differences. Possible causes should be explored and regular monitoring of mental health and prevention programmes for physicians should be established.

Trial registration
The study was registered on ClinicalTrials (DRKS-ID: DRKS00021268) on 9.4.2020.
The Warring States period faience beads excavated from Majiayuan Cemetery: characterization and new insights
Authors: Liu Liu , Zheng Yaozheng , Tang Yuchen , Cai Shiqi , Xie Yan , Yang Junchang , Zhu Zhanyun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In 2006, the Majiayuan Cemetery of the Warring States period (475 BCE to 221 BCE) was discovered in Zhangjiachuan county of Gansu province, northwest China. The thousands of exquisite gold/silver artifacts, bronze wares, potteries, and beads unearthed, and have attracted great interest when investigating the dynamics of exchange, mobility, and transcultural encounters in Eurasian artifacts. During the excavation, plenty of blue and purple faience beads were found arranged around the tomb owner in grave M52. Faience beads of the same style unearthed from other graves of the region indicate their mature production at the time of burials. By adopting scientific methods for the chemical and compositional characterization of the faience beads, this study explained their materials and production techniques and provided new insights into faience production in the late Warring States period.
Dietary patterns and their socioeconomic factors of adherence among adults in urban Burkina Faso: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Weil Konstantin , Coulibaly Issa , Fuelbert Hannah , Herrmann Alina , Millogo Roch Modeste , Danquah Ina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Sub-Saharan African populations undergo a nutrition transition towards diets associated with increased risk for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. For targeted prevention, we aimed to characterize dietary patterns and determine their sociodemographic factors of adherence.

Methods
We recruited 1,018 adults aged >  = 25 years from two formal and three informal settlements within the Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, between February and April 2021. In a cross-sectional sample, a culture-specific food-propensity questionnaire with 134 food items and a sociodemographic questionnaire were used to collect the data. Exploratory dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis, and sociodemographic factors of adherence were calculated using multivariable linear regression models.

Results
In this study population (median age: 42 years, interquartile range 21 years; male: 35.7%), the diet relied on starchy foods and other plant-based staples with rare consumption of animal-based products. We identified three dietary patterns, explaining 10.2%, 9.8%, and 8.9% of variation in food intake, respectively: a meat and egg-based pattern associated with younger age, male sex, better education, and economic situation; a fish-based pattern prevailed among women, higher educational levels, and better economic situation; and a starchy food-based was associated with younger age and sharing a home with other adults.

Conclusions
This study population is at an early stage of the nutrition transition and shows low intakes of health-beneficial food groups. Yet, progress along the nutrition transition varies according to age, educational attainment, and economic status. Particularly, younger and well-off people seem to adhere more strongly to diets high in animal-based products. These findings can inform strategies in public health nutrition for sub-Saharan African populations.
Emphasizing responder speed or accuracy modulates but does not abolish the distractor-induced quitting effect in visual search
Authors: Lawrence Rebecca K. , Cochrane B. A. , Eidels A. , Howard Z. , Lui L. , Pratt J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhen a highly salient distractor is present in a search array, it speeds target absent visual search and increases errors during target present visual search, suggesting lowered quitting thresholds (Moher in Psychol Sci 31(1):31–42, 2020). Missing a critical target in the presence of a highly salient distractor can have dire consequences in real-world search tasks where accurate target detection is crucial, such as baggage screening. As such, the current study examined whether emphasizing either accuracy or speed would eliminate the distractor-generated quitting threshold effect (QTE). Three blocks of a target detection search task which included a highly salient distractor on half of all trials were used. In one block, participants received no instructions or feedback regarding performance. In the remaining two blocks, they received instructions and trial-by-trial feedback that either emphasized response speed or response accuracy. Overall, the distractor lowered quitting thresholds, regardless of whether response speed or response accuracy was emphasized in a block of trials. However, the effect of the distractor on target misses was smaller when accuracy was emphasized. It, therefore, appears that while the distractor QTE is not easily eradicated by explicit instructions and feedback, it can be shifted. As such, future research should examine the applicability of these and similar strategies in real-world search scenarios.
Cognitive perspectives on maintaining physicians’ medical expertise: V. Using a motivational framework to understand the benefits and costs of testing
Authors: Nokes-Malach Timothy J. , Fraundorf Scott H. , Caddick Zachary A. , Rottman Benjamin M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe apply a motivational perspective to understand the implications of physicians’ longitudinal assessment. We review the literature on situated expectancy-value theory, achievement goals, mindsets, anxiety, and stereotype threat in relation to testing and assessment. This review suggests several motivational benefits of testing as well as some potential challenges and costs posed by high-stakes, standardized tests. Many of the motivational benefits for testing can be understood from the equation of having the perceived benefits of the test outweigh the perceived costs of preparing for and taking the assessment. Attention to instructional framing, test purposes and values, and longitudinal assessment frameworks provide vehicles to further enhance motivational benefits and reduce potential costs of assessment.
Effect of awareness training to frontline health workers and the use of e-based technology on reporting of brucellosis cases in selected pastoral communities, Tanzania: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Mligo Belinda Joseph , Sindato Calvin , Yapi Richard B , Mwabukusi Mpoki , Mathew Coletha , Mkupasi Ernatus M , Karimuribo Esron D , Kazwala Rudovick R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Brucellosis is a serious community health problem and endemic disease in Tanzania in both humans and animals. Frontline health workers (FHWs) play a vital role in reporting and hence prevent and control brucellosis in rural settings. This study aims to evaluate the effect of awareness training to frontline health workers and use of electronic technology (e- technology) on reporting of brucellosis cases.

Methods
A quasi-experimental design was implemented in two pastoral communities in eastern part of Tanzania with one as control and another as treatment involving 64 FHWs who were purposively selected from May 2020 to December 2020. A total of 32 FHWs from treatment pastoral community were purposively selected for awareness training, rapid diagnosis using Rose Bengal test (RBT) and use of electronic technology (AfyaData app) for brucellosis reporting while nothing was done in control community. Before and after training information about their knowledge, attitude and practices were collected from all participants using a structured questionnaires uploaded in the mobile phone powered by AfyaData application. Blood samples were collected from 141 febrile patients attending the selected facilities in treatment community. Serum obtained from collected blood were analyzed using RBT and Competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (c-ELISA) for brucellosis screening and confirmatory, respectively. Results from this analysis were reported back to the health facility using AfyaData app. Chi-square was used to analyze categorical variables and t-test and/Anova test was used to assess the effectiveness of the intervention.

Results
Results revealed that before the training majority of the participants were ignorant about brucellosis, although they had good attitude towards brucellosis prevention. Participant’s awareness, practice and attitude increased significantly (p = 0.003, p = 0.001, p = 0.032) respectively, after the intervention. Total of 17(12.1%) patients were positive on RBT and four (2.8%) were confirmed by c-ELISA. AfyaData app was proven to provide quick reports regarding brucellosis in the study area.

Conclusion
The training program was effective in increasing the level of knowledge and practice about brucellosis. Electronic based technology (AfyaData app) improved the reporting of brucellosis cases. There is a need for the use of electronic based technology to improve timely management of brucellosis in pastoral communities. Also, continuous training on FHWs regarding the disease is needed to improved their awareness and practices.
Early prediction of heart disease with data analysis using supervised learning with stochastic gradient boosting
Authors: Jawalkar Anil Pandurang , Swetcha Pandla , Manasvi Nuka , Sreekala Pakki , Aishwarya Samudrala , Kanaka Durga Bhavani Potru , Anjani Pendem 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHeart diseases are consistently ranked among the top causes of mortality on a global scale. Early detection and accurate heart disease prediction can help effectively manage and prevent the disease. However, the traditional methods have failed to improve heart disease classification performance. So, this article proposes a machine learning approach for heart disease prediction (HDP) using a decision tree-based random forest (DTRF) classifier with loss optimization. Initially, preprocessing of the dataset with patient records with known labels is performed for the presence or absence of heart disease records. Then, train a DTRF classifier on the dataset using stochastic gradient boosting (SGB) loss optimization technique and evaluate the classifier’s performance using a separate test dataset. The results demonstrate that the proposed HDP-DTRF approach resulted in 86% of precision, 86% of recall, 85% of F1-score, and 96% of accuracy on publicly available real-world datasets, which are higher than traditional methods.
The impact of COVID-19-pandemic-related adversity on mental health: longitudinal study in Dutch populations with and without mental health disorders
Authors: Maran Patricia Laura , Klokgieters Silvia S. , Giltay Erik J. , van Oppen Patricia , Jörg Frederike , Eikelenboom Merijn , Rius Ottenheim Nathaly , Penninx Brenda W. J. H. , Kok Almar A. L. 
Published: October 2023

Background
Despite growing concerns about mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in people with pre-existing mental health disorders, research has shown that symptoms of depression and anxiety were generally quite stable, with modest changes in certain subgroups. However, individual differences in cumulative exposure to COVID-19 stressors have not been yet considered.

Aims
We aimed to quantify and investigate the impact of individual-level cumulative exposure to COVID-19-pandemic-related adversity on changes in depressive and anxiety symptoms and loneliness. In addition, we examined whether the impact differed among individuals with various levels of pre-pandemic chronicity of mental health disorders.

Method
Between April 2020 and July 2021, 15 successive online questionnaires were distributed among three psychiatric case–control cohorts that started in the 2000s (N = 1377). Outcomes included depressive and anxiety symptoms and loneliness. We developed a COVID-19 Adversity Index (CAI) summarising up to 15 repeated measures of COVID-19-pandemic-related exposures (e.g. exposure to COVID-19 infection, negative economic impact and quarantine). We used linear mixed linear models to estimate the effects of COVID-19-related adversity on mental health and its interaction with pre-pandemic chronicity of mental health disorders and CAI.

Results
Higher CAI scores were positively associated with higher increases in depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms and loneliness. Associations were not statistically significantly different between groups with and without (chronic) pre-pandemic mental health disorders.

Conclusions
Individual differences in cumulative exposure to COVID-19-pandemic-related adversity are important predictors of mental health, but we found no evidence for higher vulnerability among people with (chronic) pre-pandemic mental health disorders.