bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐Attitudes and Suicidal Behavior
Authors: Kaplan Howard B. , Pokorny Alex D. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTFindings are reported concerning the hypothesized relationship between adoption of suicidal responses (ideation, threats, attempts) and antecedent negative self‐attitudes. Data were provided by junior high school student (N = 3,148) responses to questionnaires administered three times at annual intervals. Antecedent negative self‐attitudes were measured by a seven‐item self‐derogation scale at the first testing. Adoption of suicidal responses was indicated by earlier denial and subsequent affirmation of the response (self‐reports). Findings indicate that suicidal behaviors are responses (whether or not subsequently continued) to experiences of negative self‐attitudes in the more recent past. However, whether or not suicidal behaviors are related to self‐derogating feelings in the more remote past can be seen as a function of a sex‐social‐class‐mode of suicidal response interaction.
Avoiding affect in intergroup relations: The roles of dispositional and intergroup empathy in the relationship between alexithymia and prejudice
Authors: Birtel Michèle D. , Di Bernardo Gian Antonio , Hobson Hannah , Collins‐Quirk Ashleigh , Vezzali Loris 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlexithymia, that is, difficulties in recognizing, communicating, and processing one's own emotions, is associated with poorer interpersonal relations. Emotional processes are key drivers and mechanisms of prejudice and its reduction, and alexithymia is thought to influence individuals' empathic responses. This research examined the relationship between alexithymia and prejudice, and the role of empathy in this relationship. Three studies were conducted in three intergroup contexts to test whether alexithymia is also associated with poorer intergroup relations with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender+ individuals (Study 1, N = 126 heterosexual late adolescents) and Asian British people (Study 3, N = 300 White adults) in the United Kingdom, and immigrants in Italy (Study 2, N = 381 Italian adults). Participants completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS‐20), measures on dispositional and intergroup empathic concern (EC) and perspective taking (PT) as well as measures of prejudice (anti‐outgroup hostility, anti‐outgroup attitudes, and anti‐outgroup behavioral intentions). Lower dispositional EC (Studies 1, marginal effect in Study 2) and intergroup EC and PT (Study 3) mediated the relationship between the Externally Oriented Thinking subscale of the TAS‐20 (i.e., avoiding emotions and affective thinking) and greater prejudice. The findings are important for understanding the challenges of late adolescents and adults with alexithymia in intergroup relations, highlighting the role of dispositional and intergroup empathy for individual differences such as alexithymia in endorsing prejudice.
Downregulation of SLC3A2 mediates immune evasion and accelerates metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wu Jiang En , Li You , Hou Jun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignancy originating from oral mucosal tissue. OSCC cells employ immune evasion strategies to avoid immune attacks, but research on inhibiting immune evasion and delaying OSCC progression is limited. This study aimed to investigate how SLC3A2 downregulation mediates immune evasion and promotes metastasis in OSCC through bioinformatics analysis and cell experiments. Gene enrichment analysis was performed using human double sulphur death‐related genes from the GSEA database. Differentially expressed genes were selected from the GEO database. Diagnostic models were constructed and validated using gene expression datasets. Immune infiltration and function were analysed through Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. Cell experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of SLC3A2 on immune response in OSCC. Ten double sulphur death‐related genes were identified, with SLC3A2 and SLC7A11 being enriched in tongue squamous cell carcinoma‐related diseases. Differential expression analysis revealed five genes (SLC3A2, SLC7A11, RPN1, GYS1 and NDUFS1) of diagnostic significance. GO analysis showed enrichment in amino acid import and transmembrane transport, while KEGG pathway analysis highlighted enrichment in ferroptosis, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and Starch and sucrose metabolism. Experimental verification confirmed higher SLC3A2 expression in OSCC cells. Overexpression of SLC3A2 inhibited cell proliferation and reduced PD‐1 and CTLA‐4 expression. Reduced SLC3A2 expression in OSCC promotes immune evasion and tumour progression by impairing T lymphocyte function. This study provides insights into targeted regulation of SLC3A2 expression for immune response‐based therapies in OSCC.
Movement and habitat shift responses of juvenile Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) to annually permanent stream flooding
Authors: McCarthy James H , Linnansaari Tommi , Curry R. Allen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractReservoir formation in a river system changes a lotic environment to more lacustrine conditions, with impacts throughout the ecosystem. In this study, a river reach containing typical salmonid riffle/run habitat was flooded to create a large, deep pool from June to September in each of 3 years. We test the hypothesis that juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) with their preference for run/riffle habitats will respond to the transformation to a lentic environment by moving into adjacent lotic environments. Movements of juvenile Atlantic salmon were monitored using a combination of biotelemetry (radio‐ and passive integrated transponder‐tagging) and electrofishing. Results showed that no tracked fish moved away from the created pool habitat. Mass‐specific growth rates showed the created pool habitat resulted in net growth of juveniles. The results confirm that fish may not immediately (i.e., at least for an approximate 2 months) respond to rapid, large‐scale habitat alterations by moving to find similar habitat conditions outside the altered habitat. This is most probably related to plasticity of behavior and habitat use, and no change in biological conditions to a point that would negatively impact fish growth and survival, for example food availability, competition, or predation. The results also support the hypothesis that the relative importance of physical habitat variables is not universal among streams and populations, therefore limiting the value of applying standard habitat suitability criteria and use.
Epidemiology of healthcare‐associated infections and outcomes among open and robotic pancreatoduodenectomy: A retrospective study from 2013 to 2022
Authors: Yu Zheng‐Hao , Du Ming‐Mei , Lin Li , Liu Bo‐Wei , Bai Yan‐Ling , Liu Meng‐Lin , Li Jia‐Xi , Lu Qing‐Bin , Liu Yun‐Xi , Yao Hong‐Wu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimHealthcare‐associated infections (HAIs) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) are one of the common postoperative complications. This study aims to investigate the epidemiology of postoperative HAIs in patients with open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD) and robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy (RPD).MethodsThis retrospective cohort study described the trend of HAIs in patients undergoing PD from January 2013 to December 2022 at a tertiary hospital. Patients were divided into OPD and RPD, and the HAIs and outcomes were compared.ResultsAmong 2632 patients who underwent PD, 230 (8.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.7–9.9%) were diagnosed with HAIs, with a decreasing trend from 2013 to 2022 (P < 0.001 for trend). The incidence of postoperative HAIs was significantly higher in patients with OPD than RPD (9.6% vs 5.8%; P = 0.003). The incidence of HAIs for patients with OPD showed a decreasing trend (P = 0.001 for trend), and the trend for RPD was not significant (P = 0.554 for trend). Logistic regression showed that RPD was significantly associated with postoperative HAIs after adjusting for covariates (adjusted odds ratio = 0.654; 95% CI 0.443–0.965; P = 0.032), especially in the subgroup of patients without preoperative biliary drainage (adjusted odds ratio = 0.486; 95% CI 0.292–0.809; P = 0.006). Regarding clinical outcomes, RPD has a shorter length of stay and a more expensive charge than OPD (all P < 0.05).ConclusionPostoperative HAIs in patients with PD showed a decreasing trend in recent years, especially in OPD. RPD was significantly associated with reduced postoperative HAIs and length of stay, although the charge is more expensive. Attention should be paid to postoperative HAIs in OPD, and it is imperative to continue reducing the costs of RPD.
Enhancing maize's nitrogen‐fixing potential through ZmSBT3, a gene suppressing mucilage secretion
Authors: Gao Jingyang , Feng Peijiang , Zhang Jingli , Dong Chaopei , Wang Zhao , Chen Mingxiang , Yu Zhongliang , Zhao Bowen , Hou Xin , Wang Huijuan , Wu Zhaokun , Jemim Razia Sultana , Yu Haidong , Sun Doudou , Jing Pei , Chen Jiafa , Song Weibin , Zhang Xuecai , Zhou Zijian , Wu Jianyu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMaize (Zea mays) requires substantial amounts of nitrogen, posing a challenge for its cultivation. Recent work discovered that some ancient Mexican maize landraces harbored diazotrophic bacteria in mucilage secreted by their aerial roots. To see if this trait is retained in modern maize, we conducted a field study of aerial root mucilage (ARM) in 258 inbred lines. We observed that ARM secretion is common in modern maize, but the amount significantly varies, and only a few lines have retained the nitrogen‐fixing traits found in ancient landraces. The mucilage of the high‐ARM inbred line HN5‐724 had high nitrogen‐fixing enzyme activity and abundant diazotrophic bacteria. Our genome‐wide association study identified 17 candidate genes associated with ARM across three environments. Knockouts of one candidate gene, the subtilase family gene ZmSBT3, confirmed that it negatively regulates ARM secretion. Notably, the ZmSBT3 knockout lines had increased biomass and total nitrogen accumulation under nitrogen‐free culture conditions. High ARM was associated with three ZmSBT3 haplotypes that were gradually lost during maize domestication, being retained in only a few modern inbred lines such as HN5‐724. In summary, our results identify ZmSBT3 as a potential tool for enhancing ARM, and thus nitrogen fixation, in maize.
The dentate gyrus differentially metabolizes glucose and alternative fuels during rest and stimulation
Authors: York Elisa M. , Miller Anne , Stopka Sylwia A. , Martínez‐François Juan Ramón , Hossain Md Amin , Baquer Gerard , Regan Michael S. , Agar Nathalie Y. R. , Yellen Gary 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe metabolic demands of neuronal activity are both temporally and spatially dynamic, and neurons are particularly sensitive to disruptions in fuel and oxygen supply. Glucose is considered an obligate fuel for supporting brain metabolism. Although alternative fuels are often available, the extent of their contribution to central carbon metabolism remains debated. Differential fuel metabolism likely depends on cell type, location, and activity state, complicating its study. While biosensors provide excellent spatial and temporal information, they are limited to observations of only a few metabolites. On the other hand, mass spectrometry is rich in chemical information, but traditionally relies on cell culture or homogenized tissue samples. Here, we use mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI‐MSI) to focus on the fuel metabolism of the dentate granule cell (DGC) layer in murine hippocampal slices. Using stable isotopes, we explore labeling dynamics at baseline, as well as in response to brief stimulation or fuel competition. We find that at rest, glucose is the predominant fuel metabolized through glycolysis, with little to no measurable contribution from glycerol or fructose. However, lactate/pyruvate, β‐hydroxybutyrate (βHB), octanoate, and glutamine can contribute to TCA metabolism to varying degrees. In response to brief depolarization with 50 mM KCl, glucose metabolism was preferentially increased relative to the metabolism of alternative fuels. With an increased supply of alternative fuels, both lactate/pyruvate and βHB can outcompete glucose for TCA cycle entry. While lactate/pyruvate modestly reduced glucose contribution to glycolysis, βHB caused little change in glycolysis. This approach achieves broad metabolite coverage from a spatially defined region of physiological tissue, in which metabolic states are rapidly preserved following experimental manipulation. Using this powerful methodology, we investigated metabolism within the dentate gyrus not only at rest, but also in response to the energetic demand of activation, and in states of fuel competition.image
Psychometric properties of parental stress scales used in paediatric health care settings: A systematic review1
Authors: Montoro‐Pérez Néstor , Oliver‐Roig Antonio , Montejano‐Lozoya Raimunda , Richart‐Martínez Miguel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimTo identify scales that assess parental stress in the paediatric clinical population and to analyse their psychometric properties.MethodsFour electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Scopus) and metasearch engines (Google Scholar and Open Grey) were searched with no time period limitations. Methodological quality was assessed using the COnsensus‐based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) and quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach modified by COSMIN. Finally, recommendations were made for the instruments with the highest quality of evidence.ResultsA total of 38 studies reporting on 11 different instruments for assessing parental stress in the paediatric clinical setting were included. Six instruments were ‘A’ rated (recommended) in the final phase in line with COSMIN guidelines. The Paediatric Inventory for Parents was the instrument that evaluated the highest number of psychometric properties and obtained the highest methodological quality, global assessment, and quality of evidence for the different psychometric properties.ConclusionsThis systematic review provides an overview of the measurement properties of the parental stress instruments used in the paediatric clinical setting. The Paediatric Inventory for Parents stands out as being one of the most robust instruments for measuring stress in parents with a hospitalised or sick child. Evidence needs to be generated for all the parental stress scales used in the clinical setting.ImpactGiven that the psychometric properties of the existing parental stress scales used in paediatric health care settings have not been systematically assessed, the present review utilised comprehensive methods according to COSMIN.No Patient or Public ContributionReporting methodPRISMA statement and COSMIN reporting guidelines for studies on measurement properties of patient‐reported outcome measures.
Patient‐reported outcomes and framework fit accuracy of removable partial dentures fabricated using digital techniques: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Almufleh Balqees , Arellanob Alexia , Tamimi Faleh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeThis review aimed to summarize the evidence on patient‐reported outcomes and clinical performance of digitally fabricated removable partial dentures (RPDs) compared to traditionally fabricated dentures.MethodsThree databases were systematically searched (PubMed, CENTRAL, and Wiley online library) for clinical studies comparing digitally and conventionally fabricated RPDs regardless of data acquisition methods used for fabrication. The Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias assessment tool 2 and the Oxford Center for Evidence‐based Medicine tool were used to assess risk of bias, and level of evidence, respectively. Descriptive narrative analysis was used to summarize data on patient‐reported outcomes, as there were inadequate studies to pool data in a meta‐analysis. A random‐effects model was used to analyze the data of framework fit accuracy.ResultsTen randomized controlled trials were included in the systematic review, and 4 were included in the meta‐analysis. Two studies showed that digitally fabricated RPDs are associated with higher patient satisfaction than conventionally fabricated RPDs (with a mean difference of 12.5 mm on a 100‐satisfaction scale, p = .008). The pooled standardized mean difference for framework fit accuracy was 0.49 (p = 0.02) in favor of conventionally fabricated RPDs, which showed that conventionally fabricated RPDs have a quantitatively better fit compared to digitally fabricated RPDs. However, clinical evaluation studies showed that both frameworks have clinically acceptable fit.ConclusionsCurrent evidence shows that digitally fabricated RPDs are associated with higher patient satisfaction compared to conventionally fabricated RPDs. However, the scarcity of literature here warrants the generalization of this conclusion. Both digitally and conventionally fabricated metal RPD frameworks showed acceptable fit clinically.
Persuading sincere and strategic voters
Authors: Kerman Toygar T. , Herings P. Jean‐Jacques , Karos Dominik 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA sender wants to persuade multiple homogeneous receivers to vote in favor of a proposal. Before the vote sender commits to a signal which sends private, potentially correlated, messages to receivers that are contingent on the true state of the world. The best equilibrium for sender in the resulting incomplete information game is unappealing: all receivers vote in favor of sender's preferred outcome, irrespective of their message. We therefore focus on the equilibrium where receivers vote sincerely, that is they vote in favor of the outcome that is optimal given their posterior. We characterize the optimal public and the optimal private signal, both for the case where receivers are behavioral and vote sincerely as well as the case where such behavior is a Bayes–Nash equilibrium (BNE). For the optimal public signal, sincere voting is a BNE, but the optimal private signal is subject to the swing voter's curse. Imposing the constraint that sincere voting be a BNE leads to an optimal signal where receivers are never pivotal.
Evaluation of growth, nutrient absorption, body composition and blood indices under dietary exposure of iron oxide nanoparticles in Common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Hussain Syed Makhdoom , Naeem Eman , Ali Shafaqat , Adrees Muhammad , Riaz Danish , Paray Bilal Ahamad , Naeem Adan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe bioavailability, small size and direct absorption in the blood, make nanoparticles (NPs) a remarkable feed additive in the aquaculture industry. Therefore, dietary iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3‐NPs) were used to examine their effects on growth, nutrient absorption, body composition and blood indices in Cyprinus carpio (Common carp) fingerlings. Healthy C. carpio fingerlings (n = 270) were fed with six canola meal based experimental diets (D1‐control, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6) supplemented with 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg/kg Fe2O3‐NPs respectively. A total of 15 fingerlings (average initial weight 5.51 ± 0.04 g/fish) were kept in triplicates for 70 days. The results indicated that maximum growth performance, apparent digestibility coefficient, body composition and haematological parameters were observed in 40 mg/kg Fe2O3‐NPs supplementation. All the experimental diets were significantly improved (p < 0.05) in all the above parameters than control diet. In the present research, the recommended dosage of Fe2O3‐NPs as dietary supplement is 40 mg/kg for improving the growth, nutrient absorption, body composition and haematological indices in C. carpio fingerlings. Hence, this study demonstrates the potential of NPs to improve the health of fish.
Evaluation of distiller's dried grains with solubles in diets for Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, reared under pond conditions
Authors: Novriadi Romi , Herawati Vivi Endar , Prayitno Slamet Budi , Windarto Seto , Tan Ronnie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMost studies evaluating the use of distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) to partially replace the use of soybean meal (SBM) in diets of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei have been carried out under laboratory conditions, which has significant differences in terms of environmental and culture conditions with the out‐door commercial pond. This study aims to extrapolate the laboratory trials into the out‐door pond condition in order to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating DDGS at various levels (D0 (0%), D5 (5%), D10 (10%), and D 15 (15%)) to replace the use of SBM for 90‐day culture period on the growth, body composition, total hemocyte count, lysozyme activity, and organoleptic characteristics of the shrimp. Seven hundred twenty shrimp (mean initial weight 1.06 ± 0.01 g) were randomly distributed into each of 40 net pens (3 × 2 × 1 per net pen) with 10 replicates per dietary treatment. The results showed an enhancement in biomass, mean weight, and thermal growth coefficient of shrimp fed with 5 and 10% inclusion levels of DDGS. Significant reduction of FCR was also observed with the use of 5 and 10% DDGS to partially replace SBM. There were no severe changes in the total hemocyte count (THC), lysozyme activity, color, aroma, and flavor of the shrimp. However, the texture of shrimp was significantly better with the use of 10 and 15% DDGS in the diet. In summary, regarding all the factors, DDGS is a promising alternative ingredient to replace the use of SBM with 5 and 10% inclusion levels and could modulate better growth, quality, and maintain the health condition of shrimp cultured in out‐door pond conditions.
More than one way to eat a mouse: Skull shape variation within a monophyletic group of mammals (Marsupialia; Dasyurinae)
Authors: Warburton N. M. , Withers P. C. , Martin M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFunctional requirements for different diets have a strong selective pressure leading to convergent adaptations across different groups of mammals. As body size has an influence on many biomechanical and physiological characteristics, it is logical that dietary adaptations often have a strong link to body size resulting in observed ‘size guilds’ in many diverse phylogenetic lineages. However, non‐allometric variation in skull shape may provide an alternative pathway for species to adapt to diets or prey handling by breaking the mould away from the line of least evolutionary resistance, increased body size. We investigated the relationships between cranial shape and body size in the evolutionary context of the shift from insectivory to hypercarnivory in a monophyletic group of 16 dasyurine marsupial species. Analysis of 35 Procrustes‐corrected 3D skull landmarks revealed that overall, there was a correlation between mean skull shape and size that correlated with diet. However, the dominant shape variation (almost 80% irrespective of phylogeny, and more than 90% when constrained by phylogeny) was not size‐related. This non‐allometric pattern of skull shape reveals adaptation for different feeding strategies that is independent of absolute size. This highlights the potential for specific ‘thresholds’ in size and shape to exist that have the potential to mark shifts from one dietary niche to the next, that might be applied to the evolution of carnivorous taxa from other lineages.