bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antiplasticizing effect of triethyl citrate on an isosorbide-based polycarbonate
Authors: HAN Ruiqi , kida Takumitsu , Yamaguchi Masayuki 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The effects of triethyl citrate (TEC) on the viscoelastic properties of a copolycarbonate comprising isosorbide and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (ISB-PC) were studied in both the molten and solid states. TEC acted as an antiplasticizer for ISB-PC and increased its modulus in the glassy state, as demonstrated in a blend comprising 10 wt% TEC. Because antiplasticization reduces the free volume fraction, the water content of the copolycarbonate films, which is known to affect various properties, decreased following the addition of TEC. Furthermore, TEC greatly decreased the zero-shear viscosity. The experimental values were much lower than those predicted by the Berry–Fox formula. This suggested that the monomeric frictional coefficient was reduced. In other words, a small amount of TEC greatly enhances the flowability of ISB-PC.
Implementing WHO Thinking Healthy Program in A Population of Iranian Pregnant Women with Depression and its Impact on Infant Outcomes
Authors: Botyar Maliheh , Banaem Lida Moghaddam , Sadatmahalleh Shahideh Jahanian , Esmaeilinasab Maryam , Ahmadi Fazlollah 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Maternal depression during pregnancy and after delivery can affect the mother's relationship with the baby as well as the physical growth and development of the child. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Thinking Healthy Program (THP) of the World Health Organization (WHO) which is an evidence-based intervention for the treatment of depression in in pregnant women, on infant outcomes up to 6 months after birth.
Method
This interventional study was conducted on 80 depressed pregnant women, completing all relevant questionnaires from August 2021 to March 2022, in Tehran, Iran, who were randomly divided into 2 groups of 40 participants in intervention (THP provided by healthcare liaisons) and control group (receiving routine care), and followed up to 6 months after delivery. Beck, Edinburgh, Ages & Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) were completed for all participants, and anthropometric indices of the newborn, child development, breast feeding, and gastrointestinal infections were assessed in the infants.
Result
In the 80 infants studied, weight at birth (3249.5 vs. 3042.5gr, P-value: 0.03), weight difference (birth- 4 months; 4354 vs. 4084 g, p-value: 0.02), height difference (4–6 months; 3 vs. 1 cm, P-value: 0.001), head circumference difference (4–6 months; 2 vs. 1 cm, P-value: 0.001), and ASQ score at 6 months of age (290 vs. 265, P-value: 0.001) were higher in the infants of the intervention group. Diarrhea (10% vs. 52.5%, P-value: 0.001) and respiratory infections (7.5% vs. 40%, P-value: 0.001) were less frequent, and 6 months exclusive breastfeeding rates (85% vs. 27.5%, P-value: 0.001) were higher in the intervention group; thus showing the effectiveness of THP.
Conclusion
This program led to the promotion of infant outcomes in the field of growth and development, and showed that this program can be implemented in Iran's health system and is effective for improving the health of children.
The perspectives of clinical level medical students on animal-assisted therapy -A study in Ghana
Authors: Ameade Evans Paul Kwame , Amoah Linda Ama Owusuaa , Ofori Benjamin Yeboah 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background The role of animal-assisted therapy (AAT) in complementary and alternative medicine is well acknowledged. AAT is widely patronized, in developed countries such as USA, Canada, and many European countries, but less so in developing countries in Africa including Ghana. For persons in developing African countries and elsewhere to benefit from AAT, healthcare professionals must be acquainted with it to recommend it to their patients when necessary. This study therefore assessed the perspectives of clinical-level medical students on AAT.Method A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data in a cross-sectional study from 206 randomly selected clinical-level medical students of the University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana. The data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS (Version 26) and the results were presented in Tables and charts. The association between demographic variables and the knowledge and attitude of the students were determined using ANOVA, while bivariate Pearson’s correlation was used to measure the relationships between continuous variables. Associations are considered significant when p-value < 0.05.Results The knowledge about AAT among the medical students was very poor (0.971 ± 2.407 over 10; 9.7%); almost all of them (≈ 99.0%) had very little or no exposure to AAT in school or at home. The attitude of the students was however averagely positive (3.845 ± 0.748 over 7; 54.9%), with a perceived health benefit of ATT score of 4.768 ± 1.002 (68.1%). The motivation of the students to acquire more knowledge and skills about AAT mostly through lectures and practical sessions (70.9%) was good (4.809 ± 1.221; 68.7%). Female students were significantly more knowledgeable about AAT than their male counterparts (1.5 versus 0.6; p-value = 0.006). Although no other sociodemographic characteristics had any significant association with knowledge, attitude, and perception of benefit variables, a positive significant relationship existed between them.Conclusion We conclude that the knowledge about AAT among medical students is woefully inadequate and this is worrying given the beneficial complementary role of AAT in achieving SDG 3. Medical schools and healthcare regulators could incorporate alternative medicine in the training and continuous professional development of medical practitioners to improve their knowledge and practice of AAT.
The Relationship between Perioperative Serum Albumin and Contrast-induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients after Percutaneous Coronary intervention
Authors: Wang Dong , Yan Gaoliang , Qiao Yong , Sun Renhua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective
Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a common complication in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Studies have shown that perioperative serum albumin levels may play a role in the occurrence of CI-AKI. This study aimed to investigate the effect of perioperative serum albumin (delta Albumin or &Alb) on the occurrence and long-term prognosis of CI-AKI after PCI.
Methods
A total of 959 patients who underwent PCI between January 2017 and January 2019 were selected for the study. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off value of &Alb in predicting CI-AKI after PCI. Patients were divided into two groups based on the optimal cut-off value: the high &Alb group (&Alb ≥ 4.55 g/L) and the control group (&Alb < 4.55 g/L). The incidence of CI-AKI and major adverse cardiac events (MACE, including all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization) was compared between the groups. Cox regression analysis was used to identify predictors of long-term prognosis after PCI.
Results
Of the 959 patients, 147(15.3%) developed CI-AKI after PCI. The CI-AKI group had a higher level of delta Albumin than the non-CI-AKI group ([6.14 (3.90–9.10) versus 3.48 (4.31–6.57), P < 0.01)]. The incidence of CI-AKI in the high & Alb group was significantly higher compared to the low group (23.6% versus 8.3%, P<0.01). After a 1-year follow-up, the incidence of MACE was significantly higher in the high delta Albumin group than in the low group (18.6% versus 14.5%, P = 0.030). Cox regression analysis confirmed that CI-AKI was an independent predictor of MACE at the 1-year follow-up (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.04–1.96, P = 0.028). In addition, patients with low preoperative serum albumin had a significantly higher incidence of MACE than those with high preoperative serum albumin (23.2% versus 19.5%, P = 0.013).
Conclusion
In summary, baseline high delta Albumin levels are an independent risk factor for CI-AKI in patients after PCI. Furthermore, the occurrence of CI-AKI in the perioperative period is also an independent predictor of long-term prognosis after PCI. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring delta Albumin levels and taking steps to prevent CI-AKI in patients undergoing PCI.
Overexpression of multiple cytochrome P450s contributed to resistance to sulfoxaflor and acetamiprid in different geographical populations of Aphis gossypii
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Ren-Fu , Liu Hai-Yang , Ding Rui-Feng , Lv Ming-Yuan , Liang Ge-Mei , Yao Ju 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Aphis gossypii is a destructive pest of cotton, and its serious insecticide resistance is an important threat to the safe production of cotton in Xinjiang. To investigate the differences in resistance mechanisms of cotton aphid to sulfoxaflor and acetamiprid in different geographical regions, the sulfoxaflor- and acetamiprid-resistant strains of cotton aphids from Yarkant and Jinghe were established indoors (Yarkant sulfoxaflor-resistant strain: RR = 43.12-fold, Yarkant acetamiprid-resistant strain: RR = 39.77-fold, Jinghe sulfoxaflor-resistant strain: RR = 40.77-fold, Jinghe acetamiprid-resistant strain: RR = 34.16-fold). The synergist and activity of detoxification enzyme assays showed that the resistance to sulfoxaflor and acetamiprid in cotton aphids from Yarkant and Jinghe was associated with the increase of P450s activity. Transcriptome analysis showed that 11 P450 genes were differentially expressed in sulfoxaflor- and acetamiprid-resistant strains in Yarkant and Jinghe (|log2 Fold change| ≥ 1 and P-value < 0.05), and their expression varied not only among different resistant strains but also among different cotton aphid populations. The function of overexpression genes CYP380C45, CYP380C46, CYP6CY13, CYP6DC1 and CYP6CY24 involved in resistance were further validated by using RNAi. Knockdown of CYP380C45 of cotton aphids in all resistant strains could increase the sensitivity to sulfoxaflor or acetamiprid. Silencing of CYP6DC1 and CYP380C46 expression increased the sensitivity of cotton aphids to sulfoxaflor or acetamiprid in Yarkant and Jinghe resistant strains respectively. And the knockdown of CYP6CY13 increased the sensitivity of Yarkant sulfoxaflor resistant strain to sulfoxaflor, the knockdown of CYP6CY24 increased the sensitivity of Jinghe sulfoxaflor resistant strains to sulfoxaflor. These results indicate that the resistance of cotton aphids to sulfoxaflor and acetamiprid is mediated by several P450 genes, and the changes of P450 genes expression in resistant strains various in different geographical cotton aphid populations and different selected type of insecticides.
MEO: Martial Eagle Optimizer Algorithm
Authors: Salehnia Taybeh , Ahmadi Mahmood , Abualigah Laith 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the method of flight and movement of Martial Eagle (Polemaetus Bellicosus) for hunting prey is used to design and Meta-Heuristic (MH) algorithm called Martial Eagle Optimizer (MEO). Martial Eagle is a large hunting bird of the falcon category, which lives in southern Africa. Its prey is very diverse and varies according to its habitat, including birds, reptiles and mammals. The Martial Eagle is even capable of hunting young pythons, baboons and other monkeys, and small deer. The optimization process by the proposed MEO is performed in three stages, two stages are related to the ExploRation Phase (ERP) and one stage is related to the ExploItation Phase (EIP). These steps are selecting the Search Space (SS) by soaring high, flying and moving along the horizon, and bending vertically in the ERP. Logarithmic spiral movement, vertical bending attack, vertical landing, and grabbing the prey are mechanism to achieve EIP the proficiency of MEO is tested using test functions as well as several engineering issues. The comparative results demonstrate that the MEO performs better than the existing algorithms, both in terms of achieving the final solution and reducing the number of Objective Function recalls.
A systematic review protocol of injuries and illness across all the competitive cycling disciplines, including track cycling, mountain biking, road cycling, time trial, cyclocross, gravel cycling, BMX freestyle, BMX racing, e-sport, para-cycling and artistic cycling.
Authors: Fallon Thomas , Heron Neil 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The sport of cycling has witnessed phenomenal growth over the past decade. Globally, over 200 million television hours across five continents watched the recent inaugural World Championships in Glasgow, in 2023. The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the world cycling governing body, has highlighted its mission to “promote and support research in cycling epidemiology and medicine, especially for the benefit of lesser-known disciplines” within its 2030 Agenda. This systematic review aims to comprehensively analyse and synthesize the existing literature about cycling-related injuries and illness across all competitive disciplines.
Methods
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines will be followed through each stage of this systematic review. Cycling is an umbrella term used for many individual disciplines. Investigation of all types of injuries and/or illnesses sustained during training and/or competition among competitive athletes across all disciplines will be included in this review. A computerised, systematic literature search will be conducted in electronic databases MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Independent screening by two reviewers in a two-step process: title/abstract screening followed by full-text review. The reference lists of included articles will be searched to identify any other potentially relevant articles. Narrative synthesis as well as tabular/charted presentation of the extracted data will be included.
Discussion
This will be the first systematic review of injuries and illness across all the cycling disciplines and will aim to present the known prevalence, incidences, locations and burden of injury and illness across the sport of cycling.
Ethics and dissemination
This paper outlines a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Since it does not involve human participants, ethical approval is not necessary. The intention is to disseminate the findings through a peer-reviewed journal and present them at a conference as well as meetings with key stakeholders, including cyclists themselves.
Trial registration This study has been registered with the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (registration number CRD42024502703)
Investigating GmDWF1 in Soybean for Its Involvement in Brassinosteroid Synthesis and Plant Height Control
Authors: Xiang Xumin , Yang Hongli , Yuan Xi , Dong Xue , Mai Sihua , Zhang Qianqian , Chen Limiao , Cao Dong , Chen Haifeng , Guo Wei , Li Li 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Soybeans have not adopted the Green Revolution, such as reduced height for increased planting density, which have proven beneficial for cereal crops. Our research identified the soybean genes GmDWF1aand GmDWF1b, homologous to Arabidopsis AtDWF1, and found they are widely expressed, especially in leaves, and linked to the cellular transport system, predominantly within the endoplasmic reticulum and intracellular vesicles. These genes are essential for the synthesis of brassinosteroids (BR). Single mutants of GmDWF1a and GmDWF1b, as well as double mutants of both genes generated through CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, exhibit a dwarf phenotype. The single-gene mutant exhibits moderate dwarfism, while the double mutant shows more pronounced dwarfism. Despite the reduced stature, all types of mutants preserve their node count. Notably, field tests have shown that the single GmDWF1a mutant produced significantly more pods than wild-type plants. Exogenous brassinolide (BL) has the potential to counteract the dwarf phenotype caused by low levels of endogenous BRs. Comparing transcriptome analyses of the GmDWF1a mutant and wild-type plants revealed a significant impact on the expression of many genes that influence soybean growth. Identifying the GmDWF1a and GmDWF1bgenes could aid in the development of compact, densely planted soybean varieties, potentially boosting productivity.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drug‒drug interactions in hospitalized older adults treated with direct oral anticoagulants
Authors: Decaix Théodore , Kemache Kenza , Gay Pierre , Ketz Flora , Laprévote Olivier , Pautas Éric 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose: Polypharmacy is a frequent situation in older adults that increases the risk of DDIs, both PK and PD. DOACs are frequently prescribed in older adults, mainly because of the high prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF). DOACs are subject to cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)-and/or P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated PK DDIs and PD DDIs when co-administered with drugs that interfere with platelet function. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of DDIs involving DOACs in older adults and the associated risk factors at admission and discharge.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in an acute geriatric unit between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2022, including patients over 75 years of age treated with DOACs at admission and/or discharge, for whom a comprehensive collection of co-medications was performed.
Results: From 909 hospitalizations collected, the prevalence of PK DDIs involving DOACs at admission was approximately 17-21%, and the prevalence of PD DDIs was approximately 20-21%. Factors associated with DDIs were bleeding history [adjusted odds ratio (ORa) 1.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13–2.68], number of drugs > 6 (ORa 2.54, 95% CI 1.88-3.46) and reduced dose of DOACs (ORa 0.39, 95% CI 0.28–0.54) at admission and age > 87 years (ORa 0.74, 95% CI 0.55–0.99), number of drugs > 6 (ORa 2.01, 95% CI 1.48–2.72) and reduced dose of DOACs (ORa 0.41, 95% CI 0.30–0.57) at discharge.
Conclusion: This study provides an indication of the prevalence of DDIs as well as the profile of DDIs and patients treated with DOACs.
Structure and immunomostimulating activity of Polysaccharides derived from the Roots and Leaves of Dandelion
Authors: Qiao Qinggang , Song Xianzhang , Zhang Cheng , Jiang Chengxi , Jiang Runshen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Two polysaccharides were obtained from dandelion roots (DPR) and dandelion leaves (DPL) via water extraction and ethanol precipitation. Both DPR and DPL were an acid heteropolysaccharide, with a molecular weight of 5.89 ×104 and 28.2 × 104 Da, respectively. Monosaccharide composition results showed that both DPR and DPL contained Man, Glc, Rha, GalA, Glc, Gal, and Ara with a molar ratios of 2.98:1.00:3.67:6.41:2.98:16.70:2.48 and 1.23:1.00:1.06:5.74:2.88:8.59:1.84, respectively. Methylation and NMR analysis showed DPR and DPL, with triple-helix conformations, were mainly composed of (1→4)-ɑ-Galp and (1→4)-ɑ-GalAp, terminated with t-ɑ-Araf, t-ɑ-Rhap, t-ɑ-Glcp and t-ɑ-Manp. DPL showed an immunoprotective effect in cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced black-bone silky chickens by improving chicken growth performance, increasing the spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius indices, and promoting blood lymphocyte proliferation, the secretion of cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, and INF-γ) and serum immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG, and IgM) levels in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the oxidative stress damage in immunosuppressed chickens was significantly reformed after DPL treatment. These findings provide useful information on the potential for application of dandelion polysaccharides as natural nutrients to enhance chicken immune and antioxidant functions.
An Investigation on the Traditional Timber Structures Reaching Heights up to 113m: Based on Fieldwork and Structural Mechanics Analysis of 'Tianche' in Sichuan
Authors: Zhu Zhenyu , Li Haiqing , Yu Jingwei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study examines Tianche, an ancient towering timber structure used in well salt production in Sichuan, China. Originating in the Han Dynasty and maturing in the late Qing Dynasty, the Tianches can reach up to 113.32 m and represents a unique craftsmanship and structural system that is rare worldwide, yet remains largely unexplored in scholarly research. This paper systematically delineates the craftsmanship and structural principles of Tianche using a combination method of anthropological fieldwork and structural mechanics analysis. It focuses on unraveling how small-sized logs were utilized to construct these towering structures under pre-industrial conditions. The paper unveils, for the first time, the key features of the Tianche's structural system, including its self-locking mechanisms, frictional force transmission, and hollow columns. These innovations not only reinforce the structural strength and stability but also demonstrate the feasibility of building over hundred-meter-high structures using small-sized logs. This research addresses a significant gap in the study of timber structures featuring hollow, bundle-like columns with frictional force transmission, presenting new possibilities beyond mainstream structural systems. Furthermore, it discussed the distinct environmental context and cultural significance of Tianche, providing invaluable insights for future heritage conservation research and projects.
Optimizing Reservoir Operation With Demand Uncertainty and Internal Climate Variability
Authors: Upadhyay Divya , Bhatia Udit 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Climate change projections, essential for water resource management, are dominated by multiple sources of uncertainty, including scenario uncertainty and Internal Climate Variability (ICV). The latter is often classified as irreducible and thereby overlooked in traditional decision-making processes on regional and local scales. Our study translates these traditionally irreducible uncertainties into actionable insights by leveraging multiple initial condition ensemble (MICE) outputs, a physically based hydrological model and a multiobjective stochastic optimisation approach. We focus on the Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat, India, a multipurpose reservoir integral to flood control, hydropower generation and meeting diverse water demands under two future climate scenarios (SSP245 and SSP585). We find that for the multipurpose reservoir under consideration, despite considering a broad spectrum of outputs, which are equally plausible due to the inherent variability of the climate, the system is highly reliable for meeting the drinking water supply for the region for the next
century, although at the cost of agricultural and industrial water supply. Incorporating ICV provides a robust assessment of system attributes, including reliability, vulnerability, and resilience, particularly when these objectives are in trade-off with each other. Our study emphasizes the critical role of accounting for ICV in water resource planning. This analytical approach allows stakeholders to pinpoint specific vulnerabilities, allowing targeted planning for more adaptable and resilient water resource management strategies, including sustainable water supply and flood control.