bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A hybrid Eulerian–Lagrangian approach for non-self-similar expansion analysis of a cylindrical cavity in saturated and unsaturated critical state soils
Authors: Yang He , Zhuang Pei-Zhi , Zhang Jia-Liang , Ma Yue , Yu Hai-Sui , Chen Xiaohui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a powerful hybrid Eulerian–Lagrangian (HEL) approach for the analysis of cavity expansion problems. The new approach is applied to analysing the non-self-similar expansion process of a hollow cylinder of critical state soils, considering arbitrary saturation states of soils and both drained and undrained conditions. A closed-form solution for the stresses and displacements in the elastic zone is presented, taking the state-dependent soil moduli and outer boundary effect of the soil cylinder into account. Adopting large strain theory in the plastic zone, the non-self-similar cavity expansion process is formulated into a set of partial differential equations in terms of both Eulerian and Lagrangian descriptions, which is solved by a newly proposed algorithm. The HEL approach is compared with the conventional Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches for the cavity expansion analyses. It is found that the new approach can reduce to the Eulerian approach when the self-similar assumption is satisfied and to the Lagrangian approach when stress–total strain relationships are obtained analytically. Finally, the expansion process is proven to be non-self-similar by showing the stress and deformation paths, and the finite thickness of soil cylinders may greatly influence the cavity expansion behaviour, especially with a small thickness ratio. The HEL approach can provide useful tools for validating advanced numerical techniques for both saturated and unsaturated soils and interpreting pressuremeter tests in small-size calibration chambers.
Surgical phase and instrument recognition: how to identify appropriate dataset splits
Authors: Kostiuchik Georgii , Sharan Lalith , Mayer Benedikt , Wolf Ivo , Preim Bernhard , Engelhardt Sandy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Machine learning approaches can only be reliably evaluated if training, validation, and test data splits are representative and not affected by the absence of classes. Surgical workflow and instrument recognition are two tasks that are complicated in this manner, because of heavy data imbalances resulting from different length of phases and their potential erratic occurrences. Furthermore, sub-properties like instrument (co-)occurrence are usually not particularly considered when defining the split.

Methods
We present a publicly available data visualization tool that enables interactive exploration of dataset partitions for surgical phase and instrument recognition. The application focuses on the visualization of the occurrence of phases, phase transitions, instruments, and instrument combinations across sets. Particularly, it facilitates assessment of dataset splits, especially regarding identification of sub-optimal dataset splits.

Results
We performed analysis of the datasets Cholec80, CATARACTS, CaDIS, M2CAI-workflow, and M2CAI-tool using the proposed application. We were able to uncover phase transitions, individual instruments, and combinations of surgical instruments that were not represented in one of the sets. Addressing these issues, we identify possible improvements in the splits using our tool. A user study with ten participants demonstrated that the participants were able to successfully solve a selection of data exploration tasks.

Conclusion
In highly unbalanced class distributions, special care should be taken with respect to the selection of an appropriate dataset split because it can greatly influence the assessments of machine learning approaches. Our interactive tool allows for determination of better splits to improve current practices in the field. The live application is available at https://cardio-ai.github.io/endovis-ml/.
An efficient versatile video coding motion estimation hardware
Authors: Ahmad Waqar , Mahdavi Hossein , Hamzaoglu Ilker 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVersatile Video Coding (VVC) is the latest video coding standard. It provides higher compression efficiency than the previous video coding standards at the cost of significant increase in computational complexity. Motion estimation (ME) is the most time consuming and memory intensive module in VVC encoder. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an efficient VVC ME hardware. It is the first VVC ME hardware in the literature. It has real time performance with small hardware area. This efficiency is achieved by using a 64 × 64 systolic processing element array to support maximum coding tree unit (CTU) size of 128 × 128 and by using a novel memory-based sum of absolute differences (SAD) adder tree to calculate SADs of 128 × 128 CTUs. The proposed VVC ME hardware reduces memory accesses significantly by using an efficient data reuse method. It can process up to 30 4 K (3840 × 2160) video frames per second.
A computational and experimental investigation of novel synthesis fused pyrazolopyrimidine as zinc corrosion inhibitor in 1 M HNO3
Authors: Gaber Ghalia A. , Hassan Aisha Y. , Kadh Mona S. , Saleh Nashwa M. , Abou-Amra Eman S. , Amira M. Hyba  
Published: January 2024

AbstractTwo compound derived from fused Pyrazolo-Triazolo-Pyrimidine (C1 and C2), have inhibitory action against corrosion of Zinc in 1 M HNO3 examined experimentally by electrochemical tests and theoretically by density functional theory (DFT). The findings demonstrate that zinc corrodes in acidic conditions with greater corrosion resistance than C1 and C2. Concentration and corrosion inhibition directly relate to one another. The two Pyrazolopyrimidine-derived compounds had optimum inhibition efficiency of 92.06 and 79.36% for C1 and C2, respectively, at 700 ppm. In accordance to the polarization curves, the antagonists feature a mixed but primarily anodic inhibitor and a Langmuir process. DFT computations validated the compounds apparent antagonistic response. SEM also show the development of a barrier on the zinc surface. In conclusion, these two antagonists, C1 and C2, are successful in avoiding zinc dissolution in HNO3.
Hepatitis C community prevalence is over-estimated: a prospective, birth cohort study
Authors: McCormick P. Aiden , O’Grady Marie , De Gascun Cillian F. , Lambert John S. , Crosbie Orla , McKiernan Susan , Skelly Maeve , Holder Paul , Courtney Garry , Hennessy Brian , Walsh Kevin , Twohig Roisin , Browne Kate , O’Gorman Tessa , Crowley Vivion , Costelloe Seán J. , O’Byrne Roz , Whitney Elizabeth , Gildea Orla , Montgomery Noreen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis C virus infection is often asymptomatic, and many patients may be unaware they are infected. Community-based, birth cohort screening has been advocated to identify these patients. It has been estimated that 0.7–1% of individuals born between 1965 and 1985 in Ireland are infected. The cost-effectiveness of screening is critically dependent on the population prevalence.

Aims
The aim is to determine the community prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the birth cohort 1965–1985.

Methods
Residual serum samples from blood tests ordered by community general practitioners were anonymised and analysed for the presence of hepatitis C antibody ± antigen. Twelve large general hospitals throughout the country participated.

Results
A total of 14,320 samples were tested, 9347 of which were from the birth cohort 1965–1985. Seventy-two samples were positive for hepatitis C antibody of which 12 were positive for hepatitis C antigen (17%). The overall prevalence of hepatitis C antigen in the birth cohort was 0.09%. A higher prevalence (0.39%) was identified in males in two urban areas of Dublin.

Conclusions
Hepatitis C virus seroprevalence was much lower than previously estimated. The proportion of antibody positive patients with hepatitis C antigen was also lower than expected suggesting the effects of treatment and/or high spontaneous viral clearance. Universal birth cohort screening is unlikely to be cost-effective. Targeted birth cohort screening in high prevalence areas could be considered.
The Role of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine as a Potential Epigenetic Biomarker in a Large Series of Thyroid Neoplasms
Authors: Canberk Sule , Gonçalves João , Rios Elisabete , Povoa Antónia A. , Tastekin Ebru , Sobrinho-Simões Manuel , Uguz Aysun , Aydin Ozlem , Ince Umit , Soares Paula , Máximo Valdemar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCytosine modifications at the 5-carbon position play a critical role in gene expression regulation and have been implicated in cancer development. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), arising from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) oxidation, has shown promise as a potential malignancy marker due to its depletion in various human cancers. However, its significance in thyroid tumors remains underexplored, primarily due to limited data. In our study, we evaluated 5hmC expression levels by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 318 thyroid tumors. Our analysis revealed significant correlations between 5hmC staining extension scores and nodule size, vascular invasion, and oncocytic morphology. Nuclear 5hmC staining intensity demonstrated associations with focality, capsule status, extrathyroidal extension, vascular invasion, and oncocytic morphology. Follicular/oncocytic adenomas exhibited higher 5hmC expression than uncertain malignant potential (UMP) or noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP), as well as malignant neoplasms, including papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), oncocytic carcinomas (OCAs), follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTCs), and invasive encapsulated follicular variants of PTC (IEFV-PTC). TERT promoter mutation cases showed notably lower values for the 5hmC expression, while RAS (H, N, or K) mutations, particularly HRAS mutations, were associated with higher 5hmC expression. Additionally, we identified, for the first time, a significant link between 5hmC expression and oncocytic morphology. However, despite the merits of these discoveries, we acknowledge that 5hmC currently cannot segregate minimally invasive from widely invasive tumors, although 5hmC levels were lower in wi-FPTCs. Further research is needed to explore the potential clinical implications of 5hmC in thyroid tumors.
Emotional dysregulation and eating symptoms in gender dysphoria and eating disorders: the mediating role of body uneasiness
Authors: Mirabella Marta , Carone Nicola , Franco Anna , Rugo Michele Angelo , Speranza Anna Maria , Mazzeschi Claudia , Lingiardi Vittorio , Muzi Laura 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEmotional dysregulation is a key transdiagnostic dimension of several clinical conditions, including eating disorders (EDs) and gender dysphoria (GD). Not only is there frequent comorbidity between EDs and GD, but GD individuals also commonly experience ED symptoms and body-image disturbances. However, more research is needed to understand how specific body-related experiences may differently interact with difficulties in emotion regulation and dysfunctional eating behaviors in EDs and GD. Thus, the present study aimed at exploring potential associations between emotional dysregulation and ED symptomatology in individuals diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), or gender dysphoria (GD), also considering the mediating role of specific dimensions of body uneasiness. A national sample of N = 96 help-seekers assigned female at birth (n = 32 with AN, n = 32 with BN, n = 32 with GD) was recruited from two specialized care centers. Participants completed the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3) and the Body Uneasiness Test (BUT), while the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure–200 (SWAP-200) was used to evaluate emotional dysregulation. Findings showed that several body uneasiness dimensions mediated the relationship between emotional dysregulation and ED symptoms, in both AN-BN and GD participants. In GD individuals, body avoidance emerged as a significant mediator of the relationship between emotional dysregulation and ED symptoms, whereas in both AN-BN patients and GD individuals, depersonalization toward the body emerged as a significant mediator. The results suggest that the interplay between emotional dysregulation, body uneasiness, and ED symptoms may be crucial for the development of comprehensive and tailored prevention strategies.
A first-in-man study of [18F] FEDAC: a novel PET tracer for the 18-kDa translocator protein
Authors: Tamura Kentaro , Nishii Ryuichi , Tani Kotaro , Hashimoto Hiroki , Kawamura Kazunori , Zhang Ming-Rong , Maeda Takamasa , Yamazaki Kana , Higashi Tatsuya , Jinzaki Masahiro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
N-benzyl-N-methyl-2-[7, 8-dihydro-7-(2-[18F] fluoroethyl) -8-oxo-2-phenyl-9H-purin-9-yl] acetamide ([18F] FEDAC) is a novel positron emission tomography (PET) tracer that targets the translocator protein (TSPO; 18 kDa) in the mitochondrial outer membrane, which is known to be upregulated in various diseases such as malignant tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, and neuroinflammation. This study presents the first attempt to use [18F]FEDAC PET/CT and evaluate its biodistribution as well as the systemic radiation exposure to the radiotracer in humans.

Materials and Methods
Seventeen whole-body [18F]FEDAC PET/CT (injected dose, 209.1 ± 6.2 MBq) scans with a dynamic scan of the upper abdomen were performed in seven participants. Volumes of interest were assigned to each organ, and a time–activity curve was created to evaluate the biodistribution of the radiotracer. The effective dose was calculated using IDAC-Dose 2.1.

Results
Immediately after the intravenous injection, the radiotracer accumulated significantly in the liver and was subsequently excreted into the gastrointestinal tract through the biliary tract. It also showed high levels of accumulation in the kidneys, but showed minimal migration to the urinary bladder. Thus, the liver was the principal organ that eliminated [18F] FEDAC. Accumulation in the normal brain tissue was minimal. The effective dose estimated from biodistribution in humans was 19.47 ± 1.08 µSv/MBq, and was 3.60 mSV for 185 MBq dose.

Conclusion
[18F]FEDAC PET/CT provided adequate image quality at an acceptable effective dose with no adverse effects. Therefore, [18F]FEDAC may be useful in human TSPO-PET imaging.
STAT6 mutations enriched at diffuse large B-cell lymphoma relapse reshape the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Benoit Alexandre , Abraham Madelyn J. , Li Sheena , Kim John , Estrada-Tejedor Roger , Bakadlag Rowa , Subramaniam Nivetha , Makhani Kiran , Guilbert Cynthia , Tu Raymond , Salaciak Matthew , Klein Kathleen Oros , Coyle Krysta Mila , Hilton Laura K. , Santiago Raoul , Dmitrienko Svetlana , Assouline Sarit , Morin Ryan D. , del Rincon Sonia V. , Johnson Nathalie A. , Mann Koren K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) relapses in approximately 40% of patients following frontline therapy. We reported that STAT6D419 mutations are enriched in relapsed/refractory DLBCL (rrDLBCL) samples, suggesting that JAK/STAT signaling plays a role in therapeutic resistance. We hypothesized that STAT6D419 mutations can improve DLBCL cell survival by reprogramming the microenvironment to sustain STAT6 activation. Thus, we investigated the role of STAT6D419 mutations on DLBCL cell growth and its microenvironment. We found that phospho-STAT6D419N was retained in the nucleus longer than phospho-STAT6WT following IL-4 stimulation, and STAT6D419N recognized a more restricted DNA-consensus sequence than STAT6WT. Upon IL-4 induction, STAT6D419N expression led to a higher magnitude of gene expression changes, but in a more selective list of gene targets compared with STATWT. The most significantly expressed genes induced by STAT6D419N were those implicated in survival, proliferation, migration, and chemotaxis, in particular CCL17. This chemokine, also known as TARC, attracts helper T-cells to the tumor microenvironment, especially in Hodgkin’s lymphoma. To this end, in DLBCL, phospho-STAT6+ rrDLBCL cells had a greater proportion of infiltrating CD4+ T-cells than phospho-STAT6− tumors. Our findings suggest that STAT6D419 mutations in DLBCL lead to cell autonomous changes, enhanced signaling, and altered composition of the tumor microenvironment.
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Italian version of the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff (WORC) index
Authors: Milano G. , Fresta L. , Cerciello S. , Cattaneo S. , Paderno M. , Galante C. , Passiatore M. , Saccomanno M. F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe aim of the study was to accomplish translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff (WORC) Index questionnaire for its use in Italy. The WORC original version was translated and cross-culturally adapted into Italian. Subsequently, it was administered to a population of 60 patients suffering from rotator cuff disease to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Italian version. The content validity evaluated the correlation between questions and total score of each domain through Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The construct validity was similarly assessed through Pearson’s correlation coefficient by testing the correlation between the Italian WORC and the Italian version of the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. Reliability was assessed using two methods: internal consistency by calculating the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for each domain; and test–retest by means of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Italian version did not reveal any major problems. No significant floor or ceiling effects were found. All the questions were linearly related to the concept expressed by the domain of belonging. Overall correlation with the DASH score was 0.75. Internal consistency was very high overall (α = 0.93) as well as reliability (overall ICC = 0.87). The Italian version of the WORC questionnaire is a valid and reproducible measuring instrument and can be considered a valid tool for the evaluation of the effectiveness of a treatment in terms of quality of life, in Italian patients affected by rotator cuff diseases.Level of evidence Diagnostic study, level II.
Evaluating BPMN Extensions for Continuous Processes Based on Use Cases and Expert Interviews
Authors: Strutzenberger Diana , Mangler Juergen , Rinderle-Ma Stefanie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe majority of (business) processes described in literature are discrete, i.e., they result in an identifiable and distinct outcome such as a settled customer claim or a produced part. However, there also exists a plethora of processes in process and control engineering that are continuous, i.e., processes that require real-time control systems with constant inlet and outlet flows as well as temporally stable conditions. Examples comprise chemical synthesis and combustion processes. Despite their prevalence and relevance a standard method for modeling continuous processes with BPMN is missing. Hence, the paper provides BPMN modeling extensions for continuous processes enabling an exact definition of the parameters and loop conditions as well as a mapping to executable processes. The BPMN modeling extensions are evaluated based on selected use cases from process and control engineering and interviews with experts from three groups, i.e., process engineers and two groups of process modelers, one with experience in industrial processes and one without. The results from the expert interviews are intended to identify (i) the key characteristics for the representation of continuous processes, (ii) how experts evaluate the current usability and comprehensibility of BPMN for continuous processes, and (iii) potential improvements can be identified regarding the introduced BPMN modeling extensions.
Long-term neurotoxicity among childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia survivors enrolled between 1971 and 1998 in EORTC Children Leukemia Group studies
Authors: de Ville de Goyet Maëlle , Kicinski Michal , Suciu Stefan , Vandecruys Els , Uyttebroeck Anne , Ferster Alina , Freycon Claire , Plat Geneviève , Thomas Caroline , Barbati Mélissa , Dresse Marie-Françoise , Paillard Catherine , Pluchart Claire , Simon Pauline , Chantrain Christophe , Minckes Odile , van der Werff ten Bosch Jutte , Bertrand Yves , Rohrlich Pierre , Millot Frederic , Paulus Robert , Benoit Yves , Piette Caroline ,   the European Organisation for Research, Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Children’s Leukemia Group (CLG)
Published: January 2024

AbstractSurvival after childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has increased over the last 40 years with an overall survival above 90%. Survivors may experience neurological late effects secondary to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This observational retrospective study evaluated the cumulative incidence of neurological late effects among 890 childhood ALL survivors treated in EORTC CLG trials (58741, 58831/2 and 58881) between 1971 and 1998. Median follow-up was 19 years and interquartile range of the follow-up was 15–22 years. At 20 years from the end of treatment, approximately 66% of patients from the 58741 trial (accrual time: 1971–1978) and approximately 15% from the more recent trials had cognitive disturbance grade 1 or higher. Cumulative incidences at 20 years from treatment end of seizures, stroke and leukoencephalopathy were respectively 45%, 16% and 62% in study 58741, 13%, 2% and 5% in study 58831/2, and 8%, 2% and 3% in study 58881. Patients who were 10–17 years of age at diagnosis had a higher incidence of stroke and leukoencephalopathy as compared to those less than 6 years of age. Noteworthy, all neurological late effects continued to occur beyond 5 years after end of treatment. This retrospective study highlights the frequency of neurological late effects in survivors of childhood ALL. With the increase of the overall survival of ALL patients, the role and potential benefit of longitudinal neurological screening should be evaluated in further studies as these neurological late effects become an important public health challenge. This study is part of the larger EORTC CLG 58 Late Adverse Effects (LAE) study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01298388, date of registration February 16, 2011).
Additive manufacturing of patient specific bolus for radiotherapy: large scale production and quality assurance
Authors: Basaula Deepak , Hay Barry , Wright Mark , Hall Lisa , Easdon Alan , McWiggan Peter , Yeo Adam , Ungureanu Elena , Kron Tomas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBolus is commonly used to improve dose distributions in radiotherapy in particular if dose to skin must be optimised such as in breast or head and neck cancer. We are documenting four years of experience with 3D printed bolus at a large cancer centre. In addition to this we review the quality assurance (QA) program developed to support it. More than 2000 boluses were produced between Nov 2018 and Feb 2023 using fused deposition modelling (FDM) printing with polylactic acid (PLA) on up to five Raise 3D printers. Bolus is designed in the radiotherapy treatment planning system (Varian Eclipse), exported to an STL file followed by pre-processing. After checking each bolus with CT scanning initially we now produce standard quality control (QC) wedges every month and whenever a major change in printing processes occurs. A database records every bolus printed and manufacturing details. It takes about 3 days from designing the bolus in the planning system to delivering it to treatment. A ‘premium’ PLA material (Spidermaker) was found to be best in terms of homogeneity and CT number consistency (80 HU +/- 8HU). Most boluses were produced for photon beams (93.6%) with the rest used for electrons. We process about 120 kg of PLA per year with a typical bolus weighing less than 500 g and the majority of boluses 5 mm thick. Print times are proportional to bolus weight with about 24 h required for 500 g material deposited. 3D printing using FDM produces smooth and reproducible boluses. Quality control is essential but can be streamlined.