bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symptoms of depression and anxiety among Ukrainian children displaced to Poland following the outbreak of the Russo‐Ukrainian war: Associations with coping strategies and resilience
Authors: Urbański Piotr Kazimierz , Schroeder Kingsley , Nadolska Anna , Wilski Maciej 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study sought to discern the association of resilience, coping, and contextual factors on depression and anxiety among Ukrainian children displaced to Poland following the Russo‐Ukrainian war. A cross‐sectional analysis was undertaken with 284 Ukrainian children, aged 11–15 years, relocated to Poland in 2022 due to the ongoing conflict. Participants were assessed using validated tools for anxiety, depression, resilience, and coping, alongside a study‐specific questionnaire. Notable associations emerged between depression and variables including age (Mage = 12.04, 49% females), emotional coping, relational resilience, and significant loss, accounting for 39% of the variance (p < .001). Anxiety was intricately linked with heightened emotional coping and diminished problem‐solving capabilities, accounting for notable variances (state: 32%, trait: 45%, p < .001). Resilience, particularly in relational contexts, and the experience of bereavement stood out as paramount determinants of mental health outcomes. Children's mental health in conflict zones is shaped by a convoluted interplay of individual and environmental factors. This study accentuates the pivotal role of relational resilience, bereavement, and coping mechanisms in modulating depression and anxiety amidst war‐related adversities. It underscores the imperative for targeted interventions, fostering positive relationship frameworks, and enhancing adaptive coping mechanisms.
Testing a conservation compromise: No evidence that public wolf hunting in Slovakia reduced livestock losses
Authors: Kutal Miroslav , Duľa Martin , Selivanova Alisa Royer , López‐Bao José Vicente 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVariation in the legal status and management of wolves (Canis lupus) across EU Member States provides a good opportunity to test the effectiveness of different practices to reduce livestock losses. This opportunity for testing is particularly useful for lethal interventions, as they are among the most controversial actions within the large carnivore management toolbox. We aimed to test a conservation compromise adopted in Slovakia, based on a public wolf‐hunting scheme and annual hunting quotas between 2014 and 2019, and partially justified to reduce livestock losses. We assessed whether this hunting scheme influenced livestock depredation levels (at the district level). Wolves in the area fed mainly on wild ungulates (98.9% of consumed biomass). While domestic sheep comprised only 0.5% of the diet, they were dominant among the reported livestock killed by wolves (91.1%). Using two different approaches, we did not observe a relationship between the number of killed wolves and livestock losses. Alternatively, a negative relationship between wild prey biomass and livestock losses was found. Since 2021, public wolf hunting has not been conducted in Slovakia, and there is no merit in the previous justification for this conservation compromise to reduce livestock losses.
Unsupervised fabric defect detection based on multiscale image reconstruction and structural similarity assessment
Authors: Yu Zhiqi , Xu Yang , Wang Yuanfei , Wang Yuekun , Sheng Xiaowei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFabric defect detection is a crucial aspect of the textile industry. Currently, deep learning methods have demonstrated exceptional performance in fabric defect detection tasks. However, their performance is greatly affected by the number of defect samples, which is a challenge to obtain during actual production. To address this issue, this article proposes an unsupervised anomaly detection method for fabric defects using image reconstruction networks. This method only requires defect‐free samples for training. During the training phase, the model compresses defect‐free samples to obtain a low‐dimensional manifold and reconstruct them. During the inference phase, the method assesses whether a sample is defective by calculating the reconstruction error between the input and output images, and locates the defect region by computing the difference in various patches. Furthermore, since fabric contains rich texture features, with high correlation between neighbouring pixels, a structure similarity index measure combined with mean absolute error is introduced to evaluate the reconstruction error, which enhances the model's representation ability for defect‐free samples. Additionally, considering the diverse texture backgrounds in fabric, a multiscale reconstruction module is designed to optimise the reconstruction effect. Experimental results demonstrate that compared with other related approaches, the proposed method achieves high accuracy (image‐based area under the curve (AUC) up to 98.2% and pixel‐based AUC up to 97.3%) on multiple datasets and has good generalisation ability for different fabric textures.
Risk factors and outcomes of persistent post‐transplant hypotension among simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Aziz Fahad , Mandelbrot Didier , Jorgenson Margaret , Muth Brenda , Baltaji Ali , Pantha Monika , Kaufman Dixon , Odorico Jon , Parajuli Sandesh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe risk factors and outcomes associated with post‐ transplant hypotension after simultaneous pancreas and kidney (SPK) Transplantation are poorly defined.MethodsSPK recipients at our center between 2010 and 2021 with functioning pancreas and kidney grafts for >6 months were included. Recipients were then divided into three groups based on active medications for the treatment of hypo‐or hypertension at 6‐months post‐transplant: those with normal blood pressure (NBP) not requiring medication (NBP group), those on antihypertensive medications (HTN group), and those on medications for hypotension (fludrocortisone and/or midodrine) (Hypotensive group).ResultsA total of 306 recipients were included in the study: 54 (18%) in the NBP group, 215 (70%) in the HTN group, and 37 (12%) in the Hypotensive group. On multivariate analysis, the use of T‐depleting induction (aHR = 9.64,p = .0001, 95% Cl = 3.12–29.75), pre‐transplant use of hypotensive medications (aHR = 4.53,p = .0003, 95% Cl = 1.98–10.38), and longer duration of dialysis (aHR = 1.02,p = .01, 95% Cl = 1.00–1.04) were associated with an increased risk of post‐transplant hypotension. Post‐transplant hypotension was not associated with an increased risk of death‐censored kidney or pancreatic allograft failure, or patient death.ConclusionHypotension was common even 6 months post‐SPK transplantation. With appropriate management, hypotension was not associated with detrimental graft or patient outcomes.
Panmixia in the American eel extends to its tropical range of distribution: Biological implications and policymaking challenges
Authors: Ulmo‐Diaz Gabriela , Engman Augustin , McLarney William O. , Lasso Alcalá Carlos A. , Hendrickson Dean , Bezault Etienne , Feunteun Eric , Prats‐Léon Fernando L. , Wiener Jean , Maxwell Robert , Mohammed Ryan S. , Kwak Thomas J. , Benchetrit José , Bougas Bérénice , Babin Charles , Normandeau Eric , Djambazian Haig H. V. , Chen Shu‐Huang , Reiling Sarah J. , Ragoussis Jiannis , Bernatchez Louis 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe American eel (Anguilla rostrata) has long been regarded as a panmictic fish and has been confirmed as such in the northern part of its range. In this paper, we tested for the first time whether panmixia extends to the tropical range of the species. To do so, we first assembled a reference genome (975 Mbp, 19 chromosomes) combining long (PacBio and Nanopore and short (Illumina paired‐end) reads technologies to support both this study and future research. To test for population structure, we estimated genotype likelihoods from low‐coverage whole‐genome sequencing of 460 American eels, collected at 21 sampling sites (in seven geographic regions) ranging from Canada to Trinidad and Tobago. We estimated genetic distance between regions, performed ADMIXTURE‐like clustering analysis and multivariate analysis, and found no evidence of population structure, thus confirming that panmixia extends to the tropical range of the species. In addition, two genomic regions with putative inversions were observed, both geographically widespread and present at similar frequencies in all regions. We discuss the implications of lack of genetic population structure for the species. Our results are key for the future genomic research in the American eel and the implementation of conservation measures throughout its geographic range. Additionally, our results can be applied to fisheries management and aquaculture of the species.
Equine dental sinusitis—A statistical analysis of the effect of antibiotics on dental sinusitis following dental extraction
Authors: Lydiksen Camilla Vestergaard , Christensen Jonathan Ingerslev , Rosenmeier Jesper Grud , Jensen Dan Børge , Lindegaard Casper 
Published: November 2023

SummaryBackgroundAntibiotic resistance is an increasing global threat to human and veterinary practices. The relevance and efficacy of antibiotic therapy in the treatment of various diseases has been poorly documented in the literature. One such disease is equine sinusitis secondary to dental disease where dental extraction is most often combined with broad‐spectrum antibiotic treatment. It, however, remains undocumented if antibiotic treatment reduces the risk of complication in horses where the diseased tooth is removed by extraction.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to analyse the effects of perioperative antibiotics in horses with dental sinusitis treated by dental extraction with or without concurrent antibiotic treatment.Study designRetrospective cohort study.MethodsClinical records from horses presenting with nasal discharge between September 2016 and May 2022 were reviewed. Horses with sinusitis secondary to dental disease were identified, and data from clinical records were collected supplemented by online questionnaires. The final statistical model was built using logistic regression.ResultsA total of 59 horses with dental sinusitis were included in the study. Following dental extraction, 62.5% (15/24) of horses that did receive perioperative antibiotics and 60% (21/35) of horses that did not receive perioperative antibiotics were successfully treated without the need for further treatment. The final model showed no significant difference on the probability of success (p = 0.85) between treatment with and without antibiotics.Main limitationsThe retrospective nature of this study may increase the risk of biases in relation to data collection and follow‐up information and the limited number of individuals available for the analysis.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that the use of perioperative antibiotics does not influence the likelihood of complications or the probability of a successful outcome in horses with dental sinusitis undergoing dental extraction.
Trees for fishes: The neglected role for phylogenetic comparative methods in fisheries science
Authors: Thorson James T. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFisheries scientists compare processes among species to estimate species productivity, management reference points, and climate sensitivities. Ecologists have developed “phylogenetic comparative methods” (PCMs) to address these questions, but there is surprisingly little application of PCM within fisheries science. Here, I bridge this gap by introducing PCM (including Brownian motion, Ornstein–Uhlenbeck, and Pagel's kappa and lambda models for species covariance), thereby showing that PCM generalizes the nested taxonomic random effects that are commonly used in fisheries science. I next summarize phylogenetic structural equation models (PSEMs), which extend the linear models that are commonly used in fisheries. Finally, I re‐analyse a high‐quality database used to predict mortality rates from longevity and/or growth parameters. I specifically propose a PSEM that reverts to a longevity‐based prediction when longevity information is available but uses phylogenetic corrected growth parameters otherwise. Using this single PSEM replaces the common practice of fitting and predicting using separate linear models depending upon what data are available for a given species. Cross‐validation suggests that the relationship between log‐mortality rate and longevity does not vary based on phylogeny, and therefore, linear models and PSEM both explain 82% of variance when longevity is available. When longevity is unavailable, by contrast, the linear model explains only 37% of variance while the PSEM explains 52% of variance, where this gain occurs from conditioning predictions on phylogenetic similarities. I therefore conclude that PCM and PSEM provide a general and user‐friendly replacement for linear models and can improve performance for fisheries meta‐analyses that are used for fisheries management applications.
Short‐latency reaction time and accuracy are impaired in patients with cirrhosis: An international multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Miwa Takao , Richardson James K. , Murphy Susan L. , Ellmers Toby J. , Miwa Yoshiyuki , Maeda Teruo , Hanai Tatsunori , Shimizu Masahito 
Published: November 2023

AimThe inability to quickly react to an external event can lead to an increased risk for accidents (e.g., falls, car crashes) in patients with cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to determine whether a novel clinically feasible measure of simple reaction time (SRT) and reaction accuracy (RA)—a go/no‐go task occurring within 400 ms—could differentiate patients with cirrhosis from controls.MethodsThis retrospective study included 160 patients with cirrhosis and 160 controls assessed between January 2010 and October 2022. SRT and RA were evaluated using a ruler drop paradigm and compared using propensity score matching. Factors distinguishing patients with cirrhosis from controls were assessed using logistic regression and receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analyses.ResultsPropensity score matching identified 112 participants in each group with comparable baseline characteristics. As compared with controls, patients with cirrhosis exhibited significantly prolonged SRT (200 vs. 174 ms; P < 0.001) and diminished total RA (63% vs. 73%; P < 0.001). After adjustment for confounding factors, SRT and RA independently identified patients with cirrhosis. ROC analyses showed that SRT more effectively identified patients with cirrhosis than did the number‐connection test/trail‐making test‐B (area under the curve, 0.87 vs. 0.60; P < 0.001).ConclusionsPatients with cirrhosis demonstrated impairments in short‐latency cognitive function. Given that SRT and RA are associated with balance, falls, and response to perturbation, these parameters may present a task‐specific method to identify patients with cirrhosis at high risk of falls and motor vehicle crashes. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 25–31.
Impact of steatotic liver disease and non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis on cognitive impairment in people living with HIV: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Han Win Min , Hiransuthikul Akarin , Holroyd Kathryn B. , Apornpong Tanakorn , Lwin Hay Mar , Gatechompol Sivaporn , Ubolyam Sasiwimol , Kerr Stephen , Avihingsanon Anchalee ,   HIV‐NAT 006 study team and 207 study team
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe link between fatty liver diseases and cognitive impairment among people living with HIV (PLWH) remains unclear. We investigated the association of steatotic liver disease (SLD), advanced liver fibrosis and non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with significant activity and liver fibrosis with cognitive impairment in PLWH.MethodsCognitive performance was assessed for PLWH aged ≥50 years on stable antiretroviral therapy (ART) with the Thai‐validated version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and a cut‐off of <25/30 was used to define cognitive impairment. SLD and NASH with significant activity and liver fibrosis were defined as having a controlled attenuation parameter value ≥248 dB/m and a FibroScan‐AST (FAST) score ≥0.67, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to investigate the association of cognitive impairment with SLD or NASH.ResultsOf the 319 PLWH (63.3% male and 98% had HIV‐1 RNA ≤50 copies/mL) included, 74 (38%) had SLD. NASH with significant activity and liver fibrosis was present in 66 (20.1%) participants. Some 192 (60.2%) participants had cognitive impairment. In a multivariable analysis, NASH with significant activity and liver fibrosis was significantly associated with cognitive impairment (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.01, 95% CI 1.02–3.98, p = 0.04), after adjusting for HIV‐related parameters, age, sex, body mass index, employment status, education, income level, smoking, alcohol use, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and HIV‐related parameters. The association of a lone diagnosis of SLD and cognitive impairment was not statistically significant.ConclusionsNASH with significant activity and liver fibrosis was associated with lower cognitive performance, even after controlling for demographics and HIV disease parameters. Additional research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms.
Behavioral finance: Evolution from the classical theory and remarks
Authors: Agudelo Aguirre Roberto Arturo , Agudelo Aguirre Alberto Antonio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBehavioral finance has emerged from the divergences observed to explain and address the traditional theories of finance and serves as supplement to classical finance by introducing behavioral aspects to decision‐making. This study provides academics with a comprehensible and complete synopsis of the evolution of behavioral finance, as well as critical insight is provided. The synopsis was based on the search for publications in Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus and the use of R, Gephi and Tree of Science ‐ToS‐ software, using citation analysis, graphos and classification analysis. The results showed psychological aspects, investment in stocks and cognitive biases with the highest visibility. A tree‐like structure of hierarchization was developed by ToS. The clusters of publications with the greatest literary contribution were analyzed and the publications with the greatest visibility in each cluster identified. This study provides insights into the current trend in finance towards better understanding of the essential factors in the investor´s decision making.
Impact of light on task‐evoked pupil responses during cognitive tasks
Authors: Campbell Islay , Beckers Elise , Sharifpour Roya , Berger Alexandre , Paparella Ilenia , Aizpurua Jose Fermin Balda , Koshmanova Ekaterina , Mortazavi Nasrin , Sherif Siya , Vandewalle Gilles 
Published: November 2023

SummaryLight has many non‐image‐forming functions including modulation of pupil size and stimulation of alertness and cognition. Part of these non‐image‐forming effects may be mediated by the brainstem locus coeruleus. The processing of sensory inputs can be associated with a transient pupil dilation that is likely driven in part by the phasic activity of the locus coeruleus. In the present study, we aimed to characterise the task‐evoked pupil response associated with auditory inputs under different light levels and across two cognitive tasks. We continuously monitored the pupil of 20 young healthy participants (mean [SD] 24.05 [4.0] years; 14 women) whilst they completed an attentional and an emotional auditory task whilst exposed to repeated 30–40‐s blocks of light interleaved with darkness periods. Blocks could either consist of monochromatic orange light (0.16 melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (EDI) lux) or blue‐enriched white light of three different levels [37, 92, 190 melanopic EDI lux; 6500 K]. For the analysis, 15 and then 14 participants were included in the attentional and emotional tasks, respectively. Generalised linear mixed models showed a significant main effect of light level on the task‐evoked pupil responses triggered by the attentional and emotional tasks (p ≤ 0.0001). The impact of light was different for the target versus non‐target stimulus of the attentional task but was not different for the emotional and neutral stimulus of the emotional task. There is a smaller sustained pupil size during brighter light blocks but, a higher light level triggers a stronger task‐evoked pupil response to auditory stimulation, presumably through the recruitment of the locus coeruleus.
A Femoral Neck Osteotomy for the Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis and Thoracolumbar Kyphosis Combined with Hip Flexion Contracture
Authors: Yang Xin , Wang Qiwei , Meng Zhicao , Liu Heng , Wu Hao , Juma Talante , Pan Liping , Wang Yu , Cao Yongping 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveThe surgical treatment of patients with ankylosing spondylitis and severe thoracolumbar kyphosis combined with hip flexion contracture is very difficult for all the surgeons. The femoral neck osteotomy (FNO) is the first step to break the ice. The evaluation of a new modified FNO method is very important to improve the curative effect.MethodsFive male patients with nine bone‐fused hips who underwent the new femoral neck osteotomy were included from October 2021 to March 2022. The FNO was designed that the saw blade was manipulated from the lateral femoral neck base to the inferior part of the femoral head, keeping Pauwels' angle less than 30° on the coronal plane. On the transverse plane, the angle between the saw blade and the coronal plane was more than 15°. On the sagittal plane, the saw blade cut through the femoral neck. They accepted pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) after FNO according to the patient’ recovery. Then, 2 weeks later, the patients underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA). The visual analogue scale (VAS), Harris hip score (HHS) and passive hip flexion‐extension range of motion (ROM) were used to evaluate hip function. The data were analyzed by paired t‐test.ResultsThe average operation time and blood loss of FNO, the average interval between FNO and THA were collected. The average angle of the trunk and lower limb (ATL) was 36.33° ± 16.36° pre‐FNO, 82.89° ± 13.51° post‐FNO and 175.22° ± 3.42° post‐THA. The average VAS scores were 0 pre‐FNO, 5 ± 1.58 post‐FNO and 2.6 ± 0.55 post‐THA. The average HHS was 43.56 ± 1.59 preoperatively and 83.89 ± 2.21 postoperatively. The average hip extension ROM was 23.89° ± 12.69° pre‐FNO, −22.67° ± 14.18° post‐FNO and − 3.33° ± 2.50 post‐THA°. The average hip flexion ROM was 23.89° ± 12.69° pre‐FNO, 35.56° ± 12.11° post‐FNO and 104.44° ± 5.27° post‐THA. The differences among them were significant (p < 0.05). Only one hip (11.11%) displaced completely after FNO.ConclusionA new modified FNO was developed, which can provide osteotomy with a certain degree of stability and greater ease for performing PSO and THA.