bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unlocking the secrets: the power of methylation-based cfDNA detection of tissue damage in organ systems
Authors: Zhang Lijing , Li Jinming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Detecting organ and tissue damage is essential for early diagnosis, treatment decisions, and monitoring disease progression. Methylation-based assays offer a promising approach, as DNA methylation patterns can change in response to tissue damage. These assays have potential applications in early detection, monitoring disease progression, evaluating treatment efficacy, and assessing organ viability for transplantation. cfDNA released into the bloodstream upon tissue or organ injury can serve as a biomarker for damage. The epigenetic state of cfDNA, including DNA methylation patterns, can provide insights into the extent of tissue and organ damage.

Content
Firstly, this review highlights DNA methylation as an extensively studied epigenetic modification that plays a pivotal role in processes such as cell growth, differentiation, and disease development. It then presents a variety of highly precise 5-mC methylation detection techniques that serve as powerful tools for gaining profound insights into epigenetic alterations linked with tissue damage. Subsequently, the review delves into the mechanisms underlying DNA methylation changes in organ and tissue damage, encompassing inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage repair mechanisms. Next, it addresses the current research status of cfDNA methylation in the detection of specific organ tissues and organ damage. Finally, it provides an overview of the multiple steps involved in identifying specific methylation markers associated with tissue and organ damage for clinical trials.

Summary
This review will explore the mechanisms and current state of research on cfDNA methylation-based assay detecting organ and tissue damage, the underlying mechanisms, and potential applications in clinical practice.
On wavelets Kantorovich $(p,q)$-Baskakov operators and approximation properties
Authors: Moreka Alexander E. , Kumar Santosh , Mursaleen M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we generalize and extend the Baskakov-Kantorovich operators by constructing the $(p, q)$
(
p
,
q
)
-Baskakov Kantorovich operators $$ \begin{aligned} (\Upsilon _{n,b,p,q} h) (x) = [ n ]_{p,q} \sum_{b=0}^{ \infty}q^{b-1} \upsilon _{b,n}^{p,q}(x) \int _{\mathbb{R}}h(y)\Psi \biggl( [ n ] _{p,q} \frac{q^{b-1}}{p^{n-1}}y - [ b ] _{p,q} \biggr) \,d_{p,q}y. \end{aligned} $$

(

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=
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The modified Kantorovich $(p, q)$
(
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,
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)
-Baskakov operators do not generalize the Kantorovich q-Baskakov operators. Thus, we introduce a new form of this operator. We also introduce the following useful conditions, that is, for any $0 \leq b \leq \omega $
0
≤
b
≤
ω
, such that $\omega \in \mathbb{N}$
ω
∈
N
, $\Psi _{\omega}$

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ω

is a continuous derivative function, and $0< q< p \leq 1$
0
<
q
<
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≤
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, we have $\int _{\mathbb{R}}x^{b}\Psi _{\omega}(x)\,d_{p,q}x = 0 $

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(
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d

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,
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=
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. Also, for every $\Psi \in L_{\infty}$
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∈

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,

there exists a finite constant γ such that $\gamma > 0$
γ
>
0
with the property $\Psi \subset [ 0, \gamma ] $
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,

its first ω moment vanishes, that is, for $1 \leq b \leq \omega $
1
≤
b
≤
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, we have that $\int _{\mathbb{R}}y^{b}\Psi (y)\,d_{p,q}y = 0$

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(
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)

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=
0
,

and $\int _{\mathbb{R}}\Psi (y)\,d_{p,q}y = 1$

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(
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)

d

p
,
q

y
=
1
.

Furthermore, we estimate the moments and norm of the new operators. And finally, we give an upper bound for the operator’s norm.
Plating the hot potato: how to make intermediate bioenergy carriers an accelerator to a climate-neutral Europe
Authors: Siegfried Konrad , Blümel Linda , Riedel Fabian , Moosmann David , Cyffka Karl-Friedrich , Richters Mark , Reumerman Patrick , Vos John , Matisons Magnus , Thrän Daniela 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
With sustainable bioenergy in the European energy mix, intermediate bioenergy carriers (IBC) become of growing importance, as they can ensure a more efficient utilisation of biomass feedstocks from agricultural and forest residues. A high potential for market uptake is foreseen for fast pyrolysis bio-oil (FPBO), one of several IBCs. While facing the chicken and egg problem in market entry, the aim of this study was the development of adequate strategies to support market implementation. The case study findings and methodological approach can provide policymakers, industry, and a broader audience with a vision for addressing similar challenges in market adoption of innovations in the bioeconomy and beyond. Therefore, we tested a new PESTEL + I approach and its practical applicability to an IBC value chain.

Results
With an adopted PESTEL method, we analysed a promising value chain in which FPBO is produced from sawdust in Sweden and Finland, transported to the Netherlands and upgraded and marketed as a marine biofuel. Our results show that the market uptake of IBCs such as FPBO and subsequently produced biofuels is above all driven by the European Renewable Energy Directive II (RED II). In Annex IX Part A, sawdust is listed as a feedstock for advanced biofuels, which can be double counted towards the 14% renewable energy share goal in the transport sector in 2030. To support the use of advanced biofuels in the maritime and aviation sector, the proposal for revision of RED II 2021 contains a new multiplier (1.2x) for fuels delivered to these sectors, while all other multipliers are deleted. These legal European obligations and implementation into national law of member states create strong incentives for many downstream market actors to use advanced biofuel. However, technological challenges for FPBO use still hamper fast market introduction.

Conclusions
Overcoming technology challenges and the creation of long-term validity of guidelines and regulatory framework will create stable market conditions, investment security and finally stimulate long-term offtake agreements between feedstock providers, technology developers and downstream customers. The approach and findings can provide a vision to overcome similar challenges in other bioeconomy innovations’ market uptake and beyond.
Venous dilation effect of hot towel (moist and dry heat) versus hot pack for peripheral intravenous catheterization: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Yasuda Kae , Shishido Inaho , Murayama Michito , Kaga Sanae , Yano Rika 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Heat application before peripheral intravenous catheterization is recommended for venous dilation. Hot pack application enlarges the venous diameter in healthy adults; however, hot towels (moist and dry heat) are used often in some medical cases. However, it is unclear whether hot towel application promotes venous dilation better than hot pack application. This study compared the venous dilation effect of using a hot towel (moist and dry heat) to a hot pack before applying the tourniquet at an access site for peripheral intravenous catheterization.

Methods
Eighty-eight healthy females aged 18–29 years were recruited for this quasi-experimental study. They underwent three types of heat applications (hot pack, moist hot towel, and dry hot towel [moist hot towel wrapped in a dry plastic bag], all of which were warmed to 40 ± 2 °C and performed for 7 min) to their forearm and tourniquet application for 30 s after each heating. Venous diameter and depth were measured using ultrasonography, and venous palpability and visibility (venous assessment score) was observed as venous dilatation effects. In addition, the skin temperature, stratum corneum hydration, and subjective evaluation of the warmth were measured.

Results
There were no significant differences in venous diameter and assessment scores after intervention between the dry hot towel and the hot pack groups, and the effect size was negligible (Cohen’s d < 0.20). However, these measurements were significantly lower for the moist hot towel than for the other two heat applications (P < .001). Although there was no significant difference in skin temperature and warmth rating score between the dry hot towel and the hot pack, these were significantly lower for the moist hot towel than for the other two heat applications (P < .001). The amount of change in stratum corneum hydration of the dry hot towel was not significantly different from that of the hot pack; however, that of the moist hot towel was significantly larger than that of the other two heat applications (P < . 001.)

Conclusions
A method in which a towel warmed in hot water is wrapped in a dry barrier may be an alternative to a hot pack.

Trial registration
This study was registered with University Hospital Medical Information Network in Japan (Registration No.: UMIN000048308. Registered on July 7, 2022).
Bacillus subtilis and Macleaya cordata extract regulate the rumen microbiota associated with enteric methane emission in dairy cows
Authors: Jia Peng , Dong Li-feng , Tu Yan , Diao Qi-yu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Ruminant livestock production is a considerable source of enteric methane (CH4) emissions. In a previous study, we found that dietary inclusions of Bacillus subtilis (BS) and Macleaya cordata extract (MCE) increased dry matter intake and milk production, while reduced enteric CH4 emission in dairy cows. The objective of this study was to further elucidate the impact of feeding BS and MCE on rumen methanogenesis in dairy cows using rumen metagenomics techniques.

Results
Sixty dairy cows were blocked in 20 groups of 3 cows accordingly to their live weight, milk yield, and days in milk, and within each group, the 3 cows were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 treatments: control diet (CON), control diet plus BS (BS), and control diet plus MCE (MCE). After 75 days of feeding experimental diets, 12 cows were selected from each treatment for collection of rumen samples for the metagenomic sequencing. Results showed that BS decreased ruminal acetate and butyrate, while increased propionate concentrations, resulting in decreased acetate:propionate ratio. The metagenomics analysis revealed that MCE reduced relative abundances of Methanobrevibacter wolinii, Methanobrevibacter sp. AbM4, Candidatus Methanomassiliicoccus intestinalis, Methanobrevibacter cuticularis, Methanomicrobium mobile, Methanobacterium formicicum, and Methanobacterium congolense. Both BS and MCE reduced relative abundances of Methanosphaera sp. WGK6 and Methanosphaera stadtmanae. The co-occurrence network analysis of rumen bacteria and archaea revealed that dietary treatments influenced microbial interaction patterns, with BS and MCE cows having more and stronger associations than CON cows. The random forest and heatmaps analysis demonstrated that the Halopenitus persicus was positively correlated with fat- and protein-corrected milk yield; Clostridium sp. CAG 269, Clostridium sp. 27 14, Haloarcula rubripromontorii, and Methanobrevibacter curvatus were negatively correlated with rumen acetate and butyrate concentrations, and acetate:propionate ratio, whereas Selenomonas rumiantium was positively correlated with those variables.

Conclusions
The present results provided new information for mitigation of enteric methane emissions of dairy cows by feeding BS and MCE to influence rumen microbial activities. This fundamental knowledge is essential for developing enteric CH4 reduction strategies to mitigate climate change and reduce dietary energy waste.
Open framework for analyzing public parliaments data
Authors: Berkovitz Shai , Mazuz Amit , Fire Michael 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOpen information about government organizations should interest all citizens who care about their governments’ functionality. Large-scale open governmental data open new opportunities for citizens and researchers to monitor their government’s activities and improve its transparency. Over the years, various projects and systems have processed and analyzed governmental data based on open government information. Here, we present the Collecting and Analyzing Parliament Data (CAPD) framework. This novel generic open framework enables collecting and analyzing large-scale public governmental data from multiple sources. This study utilized our framework to collect over 64,000 parliament protocols from over 90 committees from three countries and analyzed it to calculate structured features. Next, we utilized anomaly detection and time series analysis to achieve a number of insights into the committees’ activities. This study demonstrates that the CAPD framework can be utilized to effectively identify anomalous meetings and detect dates of events that affect the parliaments’ functionality and help to monitor their activities.
Susceptibility trends of swine respiratory pathogens from 2019 to 2022 to antimicrobials commonly used in Spain
Authors: Vilaró Anna , Novell Elena , Enrique-Tarancon Vicens , Baliellas Jordi , Fraile Lorenzo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most important health challenges in humans and animals. Antibiotic susceptibility determination is used to select the most suitable drug to treat animals according to its success probability following the European legislation in force for these drugs. We have studied the antibiotic susceptibility pattern (ASP) of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) and Pasteurella multocida (PM) isolates, collected during the period 2019–2022 in Spain. ASP was measured by determining minimum inhibitory concentration using standardized laboratory methods and its temporal trend was determined by logistic regression analysis of non-susceptible/susceptible isolates using clinical breakpoints.

Results
It was not observed any significant temporal trends for susceptibility of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae to ceftiofur, florfenicol, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, tulathromycin and tildipirosin during the study period (p > 0.05). Contrarily, a significant temporal trend (p < 0.05) was observed for quinolones (enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin), tetracyclines (doxycycline and oxyteracycline), amoxicillin, tiamulin and tilmicosin. On the other hand, it was not observed any significant temporal trends for susceptibility of Pasteurella multocida to quinolones (enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin), amoxicillin, ceftiofur, florfenicol and macrolides (tildipirosin, tulathromycin and tilmicosin) during the study period (p > 0.05). Contrarily, a significant temporal trend (p < 0.05) was observed for tetracyclines (oxyteracycline), tiamulin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.

Conclusions
In general terms, pig pathogens (APP and PM) involved in respiratory diseases analysed herein appeared to remain susceptible or tended to increase susceptibility to antimicrobials over the study period (2019–2022), but our data clearly showed a different pattern in the evolution of antimicrobial susceptibility for each combination of drug and microorganism. Our results highlight that the evolution of antimicrobial susceptibility must be studied in a case-by-case situation where generalization for drug families and bacteria is not possible even for bacteria located in the same ecological niche.
Trend of sociodemographic and economic inequalities in the use of maternal health services in Lao People’s Democratic Republic from 2006 to 2017: MICS data analysis.
Authors: Ahissou Noudéhouénou Credo Adelphe , Nonaka Daisuke , Takeuchi Rie , de los Reyes Calvin , Uehara Manami , Khampheng Phongluxa , Kounnavong Sengchanh , Kobayashi Jun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Maternal mortalities remain high in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). Since 2012, to improve access to maternal health services for all women, the country implemented several policies and strategies including user fee removal interventions for childbirth-related care. However, it remains unclear whether inequalities in access to services have reduced in the post-2012 period compared to pre-2012. Our study compared the change in sociodemographic and economic inequalities in access to maternal health services between 2006 to 2011–12 and 2011–12 to 2017.

Methods
We used the three most recent Lao Social Indicator Survey datasets conducted in 2006, 2011–12, and 2017 for this analysis. We assessed wealth, area of residence, ethnicity, educational attainment, and women’s age-related inequalities in the use of at least one antenatal care (ANC) visit with skilled personnel, institutional delivery, and at least one facility-based postnatal care (PNC) visit by mothers. The magnitude of inequalities was measured using concentration curves, concentration indices (CIX), and equiplots.

Results
The coverage of at least one ANC with skilled personnel increased the most between 2012 and 2017, by 37.1% in Hmong minority ethnic group women, 36.1% in women living in rural areas, 31.1%, and 28.4 in the poorest and poor, respectively. In the same period, institutional deliveries increased the most among women in the middle quintiles by 32.8%, the poor by 29.3%, and Hmong women by 30.2%. The most significant reduction in inequalities was related to area of residence between 2006 and 2012 while it was based on wealth quintiles in the period 2011–12 to 2017. Finally, in 2017, wealth-related inequalities in institutional delivery remained high, with a CIX of 0.193 which was the highest of all CIX values.

Conclusion
There was a significant decline in inequalities based on the area of residence in the use of maternal health services between 2006 and 2011–12 while between 2011–12 and 2017, the largest decrease was based on wealth quintiles. Policies and strategies implemented since 2011–12 might have been successful in improving access to maternal health services in Lao PDR. Meanwhile, more attention should be given to improving the uptake of facility-based PNC visits.
Estimating time-delayed variables using transformer-based soft sensors
Authors: Wibbeke Jelke , Alves Darian , Rohjans Sebastian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the course of digitization, there is an increased interest in sensor data, including data from old systems with a service life of several decades. Since the installation of sensor technology can be quite expensive, soft sensors are often used to enhance the monitoring capabilities. Soft sensors use easy-to-measure variables to predict hard-to-measure variables, employing arbitrary models. This is particularly challenging if the observed system is complex and exhibits dynamic behavior, e.g., transient responses after changes in the system. Data-driven models are, therefore, often used. As recent studies suggest using Transformer-based models for regression tasks, this paper investigates the use of Transformer-based soft sensors for modelling the dynamic behavior of systems. To this extent, the performance of Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and Long Short-term Memory (LSTM) models are compared to Transformers, based on two data sets featuring dynamic behavior in terms of time-delayed variables. The outcomes of this paper demonstrate that while the Transformer can map time delays, it is outperformed by MLP and LSTM. This deviation from previous Transformer evaluations is noteworthy as it may be influenced by the dynamic characteristics of the input data set, and its attention-based mechanism may not be optimized for sequential data. It is important to mention that the previous studies in this area did not focus on time-delayed dynamic variables.
Exploring trade-offs in public bus electrification under stochastic conditions
Authors: Heendeniya Charitha Buddhika , Nespoli Lorenzo , Belliardi Marco , Medici Vasco 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this article, we address the question of electric bus planning and operation under stochastic travel time and energy consumption. Uncertainties in the environment may cause disruptions to the planning and operation of electric buses, and a transportation planner must anticipate such conditions and be able to respond appropriately. One of the preconditions for planning robust strategies is understanding the existence and impact of multiple trade-off scenarios, which is the basis for this study. We model the travel time delays and trip energy consumption using estimated probability density functions and use a stochastic, mixed-integer formulation with chance constraints to evaluate several trade-off scenarios for electric bus fleets under uncertainty. The results show the existence of trade-off scenarios that lead to varying degrees of impacts related to network and environment. Careful fleet planning, dispatch, and charge control enable us to make the balance between these trade-offs and achieve better operational performances under uncertainty.
National-scale bi-directional EV fleet control for ancillary service provision
Authors: Nespoli Lorenzo , Wiedemann Nina , Suel Esra , Xin Yanan , Raubal Martin , Medici Vasco 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDeploying real-time control on large-scale fleets of electric vehicles (EVs) is becoming pivotal as the share of EVs over internal combustion engine vehicles increases. In this paper, we present a Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) algorithm to simultaneously schedule thousands of EVs charging and discharging operations, that can be used to provide ancillary services. To achieve scalability, the monolithic problem is decomposed using the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). Furthermore, we propose a method to handle bilinear constraints of the original problem inside the ADMM iterations, which changes the problem class from Mixed-Integer Quadratic Program (MIQP) to Quadratic Program (QP), allowing for a substantial computational speed up. We test the algorithm using real data from the largest carsharing company in Switzerland and show how our formulation can be used to retrieve flexibility boundaries for the EV fleet. Our work thus enables fleet operators to make informed bids on ancillary services provision, thereby facilitating the integration of electric vehicles.
Nesidioblastosis with delayed diagnosis and post-operative complications in a patient with complex psychiatric history
Authors: Santore Lee Ann , Mandava Soumya , Lee Gloria , Chacko Mason 
Published: October 2023

Summary
Nesidioblastosis is a rare condition of organic persistent hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia, with fewer than 100 cases since it was first recorded. However, an increasing prevalence suggests previous underdiagnosis due to poor knowledge and awareness. This case describes the presentation, clinical decision-making and unique challenges in diagnosis and care of a 21-year-old female with nesidioblastosis and extensive psychiatric comorbidities. She was repeatedly misdiagnosed until 2021, despite having presented to emergency departments with hypoglycaemic symptoms for over 7 years. Her symptoms were often misattributed to behaviours secondary to restrictive anorexia nervosa and borderline personality disorder. Even after appropriate diagnosis and management, she suffered a complicated post-operative course. Patients with psychiatric comorbidities are at higher risk of distress, communication difficulties and inadequate social support, all of which could be better managed with increased multidisciplinary collaboration between endocrine, surgery, psychiatry, pain management and social work. This study highlights the importance of well-rounded patient care that addresses all facets of patient health. This approach not only improves quality of care, but also reduces overall readmissions, revisions, morbidity and mortality.