bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of HVFR Loading Concentrations on its Viscoelastic Properties and Proppant Transport Performance
Authors: Biheri Ghith , Norman Shari Dunn , Imqam Abdulmohsin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In unconventional reservoirs, increasing the low formation conductivities through hydraulic fracturing may substantially increase oil production from wells. This work of improving the fracture conductivity could be conducted by distributing and transporting proppant within the fracture lengths using high fracture fluid concentrations. This research focused on three areas. First, it assessed the fluid rheology including the viscosity and elasticity of a high viscosity friction reducer (HVFR) and linear guar using deionized (DI) water at different fluid concentrations (i.e., 2, 4, and 8 gpt for the HVFR and 15, 25, and 35 ppt for linear guar), and measured the impact of the Marcellus total dissolved solids (TDS) on the HVFR using different fluid concentrations. Second, it employed a static model and three proppant mesh sizes (i.e., 40, 50, and 70) to analyze the proppant settling across the aforementioned HVFR and linear guar concentrations using DI water. It also measured the Marcellus TDS effect on the settling velocity of the proppant using different HVFR concentrations. Third, the study investigated proppant transport using a dynamic model, with measurements of the proppant transport conducted using different concentrations of the HVFR and linear guar, while also measuring the effect of Marcellus TDS on different concentrations of the HVFR. All the rheology measurements, static proppant settling velocity investigations, and dynamic proppant transport evaluations were conducted at room temperature (25°C). The results demonstrated that the HVFR provided higher viscosity and elasticity than linear guar. In addition, the HVFR provided superior static proppant suspension and excellent proppant transport performance in comparison to linear guar, but the HVFR’s viscosity and elasticity decreased substantially when it was prepared using TDS water, despite increasing the HVFR concentration from 2 to 8 gpt. Therefore, different concentrations of the HVFR and linear guar must be used to measure fracture fluid rheology, the static settling velocity of the proppant, and proppant transport inside the dynamic system. Also, measuring the effect of the Marcellus TDS on HVFRs at different fluid concentrations is crucial for improving the results of hydraulic fracture operations.
Managing Uncertainty: Making Better Decisions In Gas Production Estimation Using Bayesian Approach
Authors: Sharma Akash , Joshi Deep , Chaudary Nitin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This research paper investigates the effectiveness of Bayesian modeling techniques for estimating gas production variables in challenging low-data environments and complex systems, with a specific focus on the Haynesville Basin. The study aims to evaluate the superiority of Bayesian models in handling uncertainty and quantifying risks associated with gas production estimation by utilizing early-stage data and petrophysical information to determine initial production performance, b-factor, decline parameters, and EUR. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for industry decision-makers, facilitating informed investment decisions.
The research employs a Bayesian model to predict gas production variables under different development scenarios and with both informative and non-informative priors. Various time data slices are selected from different points in the Basins' development history, and the results are compared with actual data and frequentist models generated at these different time slices. The study's conclusions highlight the superiority of Bayesian techniques in modeling and estimating gas production, as they effectively handle uncertainty and offer a clearer understanding of risks in low-data environments and complex systems. In contrast, frequentist models are prone to overtraining, particularly in the early stages, making them less suitable for such scenarios. Furthermore, the study shows that non-informative priors lead to more conservative results with wider High-Density Intervals (HDIs) on most parameters, while informative priors may introduce biases. These findings emphasize the importance of leveraging distributions instead of individual observations, especially in limited data applications.
This research contributes to the existing literature by demonstrating the practical application of Bayesian modeling in gas production estimation and underscoring its significance in basins with limited or highly heterogeneous data. The paper's innovative approach to gas production modeling and estimation offers valuable insights, making it a valuable addition to the industry and providing guidance for future investment decisions.
Effect of Fracture Conductivity on Long-Term Recovery in Shale Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Dilireba T. , Wang J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Shale gas production for the Appalachian basin was 33 billion cubic feet per day in 2022 according to U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). Horizontal wells with efficient and effective hydraulic fracture stimulation enabled economic recovery in shale gas reservoirs. However, ultimate gas recovery is still low due to the dynamics of fracture conductivity with respect to stresses, geochemistry, and interactions with formation rocks. Laboratory studies of individual factors affecting fracture conductivity were reported, but impact on long-term well performances and recovery is still lacking.
In this paper, we will (a) first understand the physics and mechanisms of proppant crushing, proppant diagenesis, and proppant embedment through a critical review of all published laboratory and field data; (b) then develop correlations and mathematical equations to quantify the change of fracture conductivity with stress and time; (c) build the equations into an advanced reservoir simulation model to investigate its impact of fracture conductivity dynamics on long-term gas recovery; (d) and conduct a systematic and comprehensive analysis to obtain new understandings and insights on optimized well stimulation and increased long-term recovery in shale gas reservoirs.
Engaging Students for the Future
Authors: Ebenhack B. W. , Jacobs C. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
There is considerable discussion of a coming energy transition and, as Petroleum Engineering faculty, we see many students (and parents) asking about the future of the profession. Whereas petroleum production must decline someday, we cannot know when that decline will come, nor how long the decline will be before petroleum slips into a minor role in the economy. There are, however, a few things that we can know or speculate with some confidence.
The following analysis shows that the transition away from oil and natural gas will be neither quick nor easy. Even as the transition gets underway and non-combustion energy sources gain significant market share, there will be need for the energy-dense, versatile, and dispatchable energy provided by fossil fuels.
The Integration of Geomechanics and Reservoir Modeling for Hydraulic Fracturing and Well Spacing Optimization in the Third Bone Spring Sand of the Delaware Basin
Authors: Bui D. , Nguyen S. , Nguyen T. , Yoo H. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to apply a numerical reservoir simulation incorporating geomechanical properties to determine the optimal well spacing, the number of hydraulic fracture stages per well, and the best timeframe to fracture the infill or child well in the Third Bone Spring Sand of the Delaware Basin. The field data of a multistage fractured horizontal parent well was examined to simulate the fracture propagations, then well spacing analysis between the parent and child well was performed. The optimal number of fracture stages for each well and the ideal timing for fracturing the chill well were also specified to achieve the highest estimated ultimate recovery.
The proposed workflow coupled the rock properties with a dual permeability reservoir simulation to construct a hydraulic fracture model capable of simulating 3D fracture propagations. The 1D mechanical earth model was initially developed to deliver geomechanical parameters of the studied formation. The quality of the parent well’s fracture simulation was validated using the production history matching technique. The matched model was analyzed for optimizing well spacing, fracture stages density, and the child well hydraulic fracture timing.
The results showed a normal faulting regime in the formation with the minimum, maximum, and overburden stress gradients of 0.79, 0.90, and 1.10 psi/ft, respectively. The coupled model successfully simulated fracture propagations of the parent well using the fracture treatment data. The fracture outputs were verified by satisfactorily matching the production data. The estimated fracture geometry of the parent well varies from 200 to 1050 ft fracture length and 150 to 250 ft height for each stage. The findings demonstrate that the fracture geometry complies with variations in stress conditions during fracture fluid injection. Parent well production also alters the stress orientations and magnitudes, affecting the fracture propagations of the child well. Well-spacing analysis between parent and child wells was conducted from 650 to 1300 ft with a 50 ft increment. The results specified an optimal spacing to avoid well communications and maximize total production. For hydraulic fracturing optimization, the number of fracture stages analysis was performed and converted to the optimal density of stages per well. Furthermore, the parent well’s production period is the most sensitive factor affecting the child well’s fracturing. Therefore, the ideal timeframe for child well hydraulic fracturing was provided to optimize the entire process.
The novelties of this research are in the ability to effectively estimate the optimal well spacing, fracture stages density, and timing of fracturing child well in the Third Bone Spring Sand formation using a 3D coupled model. Following the proposed workflow, one can optimize the hydraulic fracturing process in any other formations.
Cu/Cu2O interface-modulated two-stage reduction of Cu2O under methanol
Authors: Li Meng , Curnan Matthew , Chi Hao , House Stephen , Andolina Christopher , Han Jeong Woo , Saidi Wissam , Veser Goetz , Yang Judith 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Interfaces play crucial roles in catalysis. Beyond catalyst/support interfaces, formation of metal/metal-oxide (M/MO) interfaces during redox reactions and their impact on catalytic reaction mechanisms is poorly understood. Combining in situ Environmental TEM with quantitative statistical analyses and DFT calculations, we observe two-stage reduction dynamics of epitaxial Cu2O/Cu(110) model catalysts under methanol, which is modulated by the Cu2O||Cu junction structure. Anisotropic layer-by-layer reduction occurs at Cu2O island (110) side facets when the junction interfaces are along (100). In contrast, when the Cu2O||Cu interfaces are along (110), isotropic reduction at both top and side facets of Cu2O islands is observed. Anisotropic-to-isotropic transitions are supported by stochastic statistical analyses of island size evolution kinetics and DFT simulations showing MeOH adsorption energetics that favor defect sites at Cu2O||Cu(100) junctions. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of M/MO interfacial dynamics during catalytic reactions, providing new insights towards catalyst design and interface engineering.
Task-State Skin Potential Abnormalities Can Distinguish Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Depression from Healthy Controls
Authors: Hu Shaohua , Lyu Hailong , Huang Huimin , He Jiadong , Zhu Sheng , Hong Wanchu , Lai Jian-bo , Gao Tongsheng , Shao Jiamin , Zhu Jianfeng , Li Yubo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Early detection of bipolar depression (BPD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) has been challenging due to the lack of reliable and easily measurable biological markers. This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of discriminating patients with mood disorders from healthy controls based on task state skin potential characteristics and their correlation with individual indicators of oxidative stress. A total of 77 patients with BPD, 53 patients with MDD, and 79 healthy controls were recruited. A custom-made device, previously shown to be sufficiently accurate, was used to collect skin potential data during six emotion-inducing tasks involving video, pictorial, or textual stimuli. Blood indicators reflecting individual levels of oxidative stress were collected. A discriminant model based on the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm was constructed for discriminant analysis. MDD and BPD patients were found to have abnormal skin potential characteristics on most tasks. The accuracy of the SVM model built with SP features to discriminate MDD patients from healthy controls was 78% (sensitivity 78%, specificity 82%). The SVM model gave an accuracy of 59% (sensitivity 59%, specificity 79%) in classifying BPD patients, MDD patients, and healthy controls into three groups. Significant correlations were also found between oxidative stress indicators in the blood of patients and certain SP features. Patients with depression and bipolar depression have abnormalities in task-state skin potential that partially reflect the pathological mechanism of the illness, and the abnormalities are potential biological markers of affective disorders.
Postpartum Depression during the Syrian Conflict and Economic Crisis and Covid-19 Outbreak in Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Hospital, Damascus Syria
Authors: taifour wessam , bahsass rafat , taifour danny , adwan dema 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The Syrian crisis and bad economic situations in Syria and the COVID − 19 pandemic have had there's effects on Syrian mental status, including mothers who have given birth during these bad conditions, leading to increased postpartum depression prevalence, especially because of the poor response to deal with such threatened problems.
Methods
A Prospective longitudinal study was carried out between 13/11/2020 and 27/4/2021 in Damascus city (the capital of Syria). We evaluated the postpartum depression levels experienced by women who were seen in the Maternity Hospital of Damascus by using the Arabic version of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) after birth and 6 weeks after birth.
Results
A total of 402 participants were involved in this study and were screened for possible PPD using the Eden Burg Postpartum Depression Scale at a cutoff point of 10 once after giving birth and 6 weeks later, only 379 participants left after 6 weeks. The prevalence of postpartum depression was 46% after birth and 25.3% after 6 weeks. Women's house devastation (Sig.0 .033, 95% [CI]: 1.043–2.801), family member loss or injury (Sig. 0.018, 95% [CI]: 1.110–3.008), and female gender (Sig. 0 .034, 95% [CI]: 0.162–0.931) were significantly associated with PPD.
Conclusions
It is very important to detect possible PPD and provide specific services and treatment especially during the Syrian crisis and COVID − 19 pandemic and the bad economic situation, as it is a stressful period, particularly during puerperium.
A Ferroptosis-Related Prognostic Model of Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Gao Qianwen , Wang Xin , Zhang Yue , Wen Jingjing , Wang Fangfang , Lin Zhimei , Feng Yu , Huang Jingcao , Li Qian , Luo Hongmei , Liu Xiang , Zhai Xinyu , Li Linfeng , Zhang Li , Niu Ting , Xu Caigang , zheng yuhuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent programmed cell death, is closely related to cancer prognosis. In this study, we established a model of ferroptosis-related genes for prognostic evaluation of patients with MCL. Using the single-cell RNA sequencing datasets GSE184031 and GSE32018 from the Gene Expression Omnibus, we identified 139 ferroptosis-related genes in MCL. Next, a prognostic model was constructed by Cox regression and LASSO regression analysis. In our model, the prognosis of MCL patients was assessed by risk scoring using 7 genes ANXA1, IL1B, YBX1, CCND1, MS4A1, MFHAS1 and RILPL2. The patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups based on our model, and the high-risk patients had inferior overall survival. Finally, according to our model and computational drug sensitivity analysis, four small molecule compounds, BMS-754807, SB216763, Doramapimod and Trametinib, were identified as potential therapeutic agents for patients with MCL. In summary, we provide a prognostic model with ferroptosis-related gene signature for MCL.
Unusual Onset of Singultus As A Rare Result of Epidural Steroid Injection at a Varied Vertebral Level: A Case Report
Authors: Mena Shayla , Raj Ashneel , Caldwell William , Kaushal Amit 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective Cervical epidural steroid injections (ESI) can provide effective pain management for patients suffering from chronic neck pain due to degenerative disc disease or various pathological changes of the cervical spine. There are several rare adverse effects reported from interventional pain procedures, including persistent hiccups (singultus). Based on the limited number of cases with this adverse outcome, we propose a treatment algorithm for singultus after ESI (Fig. 3).Case Report: While rare, singultus has been documented as an adverse effect of various interventional pain procedures, including epidural steroid, facet joint, and sacroiliac joint injections. We describe the case of a general contractor who presented to clinic with chronic neck pain and central canal stenosis. The patient received an uncomplicated lumbar epidural steroid injection in the past and was recommended for an interlaminar cervical ESI. After an uneventful C6-C7 ESI with triamcinolone, 1% lidocaine, and normal saline the patient developed singultus. Baclofen was sent to his pharmacy, but this was unsuccessful at alleviating his hiccups. The patient was subsequently started on chlorpromazine and found relief from his symptomatology.Conclusion Persistent hiccups after ESI or interventional pain procedures can be treated with conservative measures and non-pharmacologic methods, with escalation to therapy with baclofen, gabapentin, pregabalin, metoclopramide, chlorpromazine, other antipsychotic or antidopaminergic agents and possible dual or triple therapy if further indicated.
Impact of age-related differences of the nasopharynx and oral cavity on pneumococcal colonisation: An ecological perspective
Authors: Miellet Willem , Mariman Rob , Veldhuizen Janieke van , Badoux Paul , Wijmenga-Monsuur Alienke , Litt David , Bosch Thijs , Miller Elizabeth , Fry Norman , Houten Marianne van , Rots Nynke , Sanders Elisabeth , Trzciński Krzysztof 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Pneumococcal carriage studies have suggested that pneumococcal colonization in adults is largely limited to the oral cavity and oropharynx. In this study we used total abundance-based β-diversity (dissimilarity) and β-diversity components to characterize age-related differences in pneumococcal serotype composition of respiratory samples. qPCR was applied to detect pneumococcal serotypes in nasopharyngeal samples collected from 946 toddlers and 602 adults, saliva samples collected from a subset of 653 toddlers, and saliva and oropharyngeal samples collected from a subset of 318 adults. Bacterial culture rates from nasopharyngeal samples were used to characterize age-related differences in colonizing bacteria. Dissimilarity in pneumococcal serotype composition was low among saliva and nasopharyngeal samples from children. In contrast, respiratory samples from adults exhibited high serotype dissimilarity, which predominantly consisted of abundance gradients and was associated with reduced nasopharyngeal colonization. Age-related serotype dissimilarity was high among nasopharyngeal samples and relatively low for saliva samples. Reduced nasopharyngeal colonization of pneumococcal serotypes coincided with significantly reduced Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae and increased Staphylococcus aureus nasopharyngeal colonization rates among adults. Findings from this study suggest that the environmental conditions utilized within the upper airways by pneumococcus and other bacteria undergo age-related changes. It may result in a host-driven ecological succession of bacterial species colonizing the nasopharynx and lead to competitive exclusion of pneumococcus from the nasopharynx but not from oral habitat. This explains poor performance of nasopharyngeal samples for pneumococcal carriage among adults and indicates that in adults saliva more accurately resembles the epidemiology of pneumococcal carriage than nasopharyngeal samples.
Two microbes assisting Miscanthus floridulus in remediating multi-metal(loid)s contaminated soil
Authors: Xiao Yunhua , Ma Jingjing , Chen Rui , Xiang Sha , Yang Bo , Chen Liang , Fang Jun , Liu Shuming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Miscanthus has good tolerance to muti-metal(loid)s and has received increasing attention in remediated studies of metal(loid)s-contaminated soil. In this study, we explored the synergic effects of Miscanthus floridulus (Lab.) and two plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), TS8 and MR2, affiliated to Enterobacteriaceae on remediation of muti-metal(loid)s contaminated soil. The results exhibited a decrease of metal(loid)s except for copper contents in the soil in bacterial inoculation groups, indicating that MR2 and TS8 could enhance the remediation of metal(loid)s. Moreover, increased fresh/dry weight and height indicated that inoculated bacteria could promote Miscanthus growth. Although the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the content of chlorophyll in the overground tissues showed no significant increase or even decrease, the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the underground tissues and soil, as well as the contents of soil nutrients (available K and P), were significantly (p < 0.05) increased to some certain. Bacterial inoculants could also decrease the soil pH. High-throughput sequencing analysis showed that the bacterial inoculant affected the rhizosphere bacterial community and reduced community diversity, but the relative abundance of some PGPB were found to increase. Phylogenetic molecular ecological networks indicated that bacterial inoculants reduced interactions between rhizosphere bacteria and thereby led to a simpler network structure but increased the proportion of positive-correlation links and enhanced the metabiosis and symbiosis of those bacteria. Spearman’s test showed that OTUs affiliated with Enterobacteriaceae and soil nutrients were critical for metal(loid) remediation and Miscanthus growth. The results of this study provide a basis for the synergic remediation of muti-metal(loid)s-contaminated soils by Miscanthus and PGPB and provide a reference for the subsequent regulation of Miscanthus remediation efficiency by the other PGPB or critical bacteria.
Measuring the Impact of DCT Solutions Use on Clinical Trial Enrollment Diversity
Authors: Smith Zachary , Getz Kenneth 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background:
Whereas anecdotal reports suggest that the use of decentralized clinical trial (DCT) solutions can improve access, equity and inclusion in, clinical trials there is no quantitative evidence to support such reports.
Methods:
Tufts CSDD conducted this initial study based on data collected from prior research and publicly available data drawn from Clinicaltrials.gov in order to compare and contrast participant diversity in trials which included various DCT solutions. Results:
The results show that the use of DCT solutions is associated with higher levels of racial and ethnic diversity, however the impact is not uniform across all DCT solutions. Specifically, the use of local labs was significantly associated with higher observed diversity in clinical trials, whereas the use of virtual visits and televisits was associated with lower enrollment diversity.