bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early brain lesions and face‐processing development
Authors: de Schonen Scania , Mancini Josette , Camps Roselyne , Maes Emanuelle , Laurent Agathe 
Published: March 2005

AbstractStudies of functional plasticity after pre‐ or perinatal brain damage can tell us whether the neural substrate normally involved in the development of a given ability is specific and, if so, when it becomes functionally specified and unique. Development of face processing was investigated in 5‐ to 17‐year‐old children who had a unilateral brain injury in the pre‐, peri‐, or postnatal period. In Studies 1 and 2, patients with a posterior injury involving the temporal regions exhibited a face‐processing deficit that was independent of their age at test time. Even though differences were observed between the two hemispheres in face processing during infancy as well as in adults in cases of normal development, no clear differences between right and left injury were observed here in face‐processing deficit. Poor postlesional face‐processing plasticity seems to contrast with results of several studies on speech development after early unilateral injury. If the difference in the time window for postlesional plasticity between these two areas of competency is confirmed, it would suggest that the two kinds of abilities rely on neural cells which are sensitive to different plasticity factors. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 46: 184–208, 2005.
Are there critical periods for musical development?
Authors: Trainor Laurel J. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractA critical period can be defined as a developmental window during which specific experience has a greater effect than at other times. Musical behavior involves many skills, including the basic encoding of pitch and time information, understanding scale and harmonic structure, performance, interpretation, and composition. We review studies of genetics, behavior, and brain structure and function in conjunction with the experiences of auditory deprivation and musical enrichment, and conclude that there is more supporting evidence for critical periods for basic than for more complex aspects of musical pitch acquisition. Much remains unknown about the mechanisms of interaction between genetic and experiential factors that create critical periods, but it is clear that there are multiple pathways for achieving musical expertise. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 46: 262–278, 2005.
Use of Polished and Mercury Film‐Modified Silver Solid Amalgam Electrodes in Electrochemical Analysis of DNA
Authors: Fadrná Renata , Cahová‐Kucharíková Kateřina , Havran Luděk , Yosypchuk Bogdan , Fojta Miroslav 
Published: March 2005

AbstractPolished and mercury film‐modified silver solid amalgam electrodes (p‐AgSAE and MF‐AgSAE, respectively) were used for the measurements of intrinsic redox (faradic) and tensammetric voltammetric signals of single‐ (ss) and double‐stranded, linear (lin) or supercoiled (sc) DNAs, synthetic polynucleotides and free adenine base. At the MF‐AgSAE, all of these species yielded signals similar to those previously obtained on the hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) or on solid silver amalgam electrode modified with mercury meniscus (m‐AgSAE). Good measurable anodic peak G (due to guanine residues) and tensammetric signals of ssDNA were obtained also with the p‐AgSAE (albeit the latter appeared at significantly less negative potentials than respective signals measured at HMDE). In contrast, the cathodic DNA peak CA (due to reduction of cytosine and adenine residues) was not detected at the polished electrode. For the free adenine base, at least an order of magnitude lower sensitivity (compared to HMDE or MF‐AgSAE) was achieved when its reduction signal was measured. Double‐stranded DNAs (including sc and linDNA) yielded no measurable tensammetric signals at the p‐AgSAE. Similarly as with the HMDE and m‐AgSAE, measurements at the MF‐AgSAE allowed differentiation between sc and linDNA and were successfully applied for the detection of DNA strand breaks induced by ionizing radiation. The p‐AgSAE could be used for detection of the DNA strand breaks too, but selective denaturation of the damaged DNA (converting it into ssDNA detectable at the polished electrode) was necessary prior to the voltammetric analysis. Our results suggest that the different behavior of DNA at the p‐AgSAE and at the MF‐AgSAE (HMDE) is probably related to a considerably weaker adsorption of the DNA molecules on the polished solid amalgam surface, compared to the surface of mercury (or liquid silver amalgam).
Time‐varying reconstruction in single photon emission computed tomography
Authors: Kervinen M. , Vauhkonen M. , Kaipio J. P. , Karjalainen P. A. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractWe propose a new method for reconstruction of images in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), when the activity distribution of the object is time‐varying. The activity evolution is modeled with the first‐order Markov model, and linear observation model is used to characterize the measurement system. The state‐space representation of the measurement sequence reduces to an ill‐conditioned state estimation problem, which is solved recursively using the Kalman filter and smoother algorithms. Two special models, the compartmental model and the diffusion model, for the time variation are discussed. The method is evaluated using simulations. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 14, 186–197, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ima.20023
SAR imaging using multidimensional continuous wavelet transform and applications to polarimetry and interferometry
Authors: Colin E. , Tria M. , Titin‐Schnaider C. , Ovarlez J.P. , Benidir M. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractUsual SAR imaging process makes the assumption that the reflectors are isotropic and white (i.e., they behave in the same way regardless the angle from which they are viewed and the emitted frequency within the bandwidth). The multidimensional continuous wavelet transform (CWT) in radar imaging was initially developed to highlight the image degradations due to these assumptions. In this article the wavelet transform method is widened to polarimetry and interferometry fields. The wavelet tool is first used for polarimetric image enhancement, then for coherence optimization in interferometry. This optimization by wavelets, compared with the polarimetric one, gives better results on the coherence level. Finally, a combination of both methods is proposed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 14, 206–212, 2004; Published online in Wiley Inter‐Science (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ima.20025
In vitro transfer of keratinocytes: Comparison of transfer from fibrin membrane and delivery by aerosol spray
Authors: Duncan Christian O. , Shelton Richard M. , Navsaria Harshad , Balderson Debra S. , Papini Remo P. G. , Barralet Jake E. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThere are a variety of approaches for the delivery of autologous keratinocytes to restore epithelial coverage of burns wounds that include utilizing cultured keratinocyte sheets, transfer of cultured keratinocytes using a membrane and more recently aerosol spraying of a keratinocyte suspension. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of direct aerosol delivery of a keratinocyte suspension with a fibrin transfer system to an in vitro wound model consisting of organotypical deepidermalized dermis (DED). A comparison was made between the number of keratinocytes delivered to DED with time, either by transfer from a fibrin membrane or using an aerosol. Additionally, the effect of application time of fibrin membranes to DED, on the number of keratinocytes delivered was investigated and compared with keratinocytes delivered by aerosol at the same time points. After 2 days culture little transfer of keratinocytes had occurred from the fibrin membrane to the DED, whereas 20% more cells were present on the DED than were initially delivered by aerosol spraying. After 7 days, aerosol‐delivered cells were found to express cytokeratin K6, indicating a proliferative phenotype. The results from this study show that preconfluent keratinocytes can be delivered by aerosol, and thus may well find application clinically. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater
On stability of the hamiltonian index under contractions and closures
Authors: Xiong Liming , Ryjáček Zdeněk , Broersma Hajo 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe hamiltonian index of a graph G is the smallest integer k such that the k‐th iterated line graph of G is hamiltonian. We first show that, with one exceptional case, adding an edge to a graph cannot increase its hamiltonian index. We use this result to prove that neither the contraction of an AG(F)‐contractible subgraph F of a graph G nor the closure operation performed on G (if G is claw‐free) affects the value of the hamiltonian index of a graph G. AMS Subject Classification (2000): 05C45, 05C35. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory
Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of benzyl bromide with copper in hexamethylphosphoramide
Authors: Egorov Anatoly M. , Matyukhova Svetlana A. , Anisimov Alexander V. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe reaction of copper with benzyl bromides in hexamethylphosphoramide has been studied. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the reaction have been obtained. Hammett plots of log (k/ko) vs the substituent constant σ gave good correlations (ρ = 0.15, Sρ = 0.02, r = 0.954). The structure of the organic group has little effect on the rate of reaction of benzyl bromide with copper. In the absence of atmospheric oxygen, the oxidative dissolution of copper occurred by the mechanism of single‐electron transfer with the formation of 1,2‐diphenylethane and copper(I) complexes. The stereochemistry and intermediates compound was also investigated.The reaction mechanism is discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 37: 296–305, 2005
Kinetics and mechanisms for reactions of HNO with CH3 and C6H5 studied by quantum‐chemical and statistical‐theory calculations
Authors: Choi Y. M. , Lin M. C. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractKinetics and mechanisms for the reactions of HNO with CH3 and C6H5 have been investigated by ab initio molecular orbital (MO) and transition‐state theory (TST) and/or Rice‐Ramsperger‐Kassel‐Marcus/Master Equation (RRKM/ME) calculations. The G2M(RCC, MP2)//B3LYP/6‐31G(d) method was employed to evaluate the energetics for construction of their potential energy surfaces and prediction of reaction rate constants. The reactions R + HNO (R = CH3 and C6H5) were found to proceed by two key product channels giving (1) RH + NO and (2) RNO + H, primarily by direct abstraction and indirect association/decomposition mechanisms, respectively. As both reactions initially occur barrierlessly, their rate constants were evaluated with a canonical variational approach in our TST and RRKM/ME calculations. For practical applications, the rate constants evaluated for the atmospheric‐pressure condition are represented by modified Arrhenius equations in units of cm3 mol−1 s−1 for the temperature range 298–2500 K: κ1A = 1.47 × 1011T0.76 exp[−175/T], κ2A = 8.06 × 103T2.40 exp[−3100/T], κ1B = 3.78 × 105T2.28 exp[230/T], and κ2B = 3.79 × 109T1.19 exp[−4800/T], where A and B represent CH3 and C6H5 reactions, respectively. Based on the predicted rate constant at 1 atm pressure for R + HNO → RNO + H, we estimated their reverse rate constants for R + HNO production from H + RNO in units of cm3 mol−1 s−1: κ−2A′ = 7.01 × 1010 T0.84 exp[120/T] and κ−2B′ = 2.22 × 1019 T−1.01 exp[−9700/T]. The heats of formation at 0 K for CH3NO, CH3N(H)O, CH3NOH, C6H5N(H)O, and C6H5NOH have been estimated to be 18.6, 18.1, 22.5, 47.2, and 50.7 kcal mol−1 with an estimated ±1 kcal mol−1 error. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 37: 261–274, 2005
β‐chemokine receptor expression in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies
Authors: De Paepe Boel , De Bleecker Jan L. 
Published: March 2005

Abstractβ‐chemokines attract and activate T cells and monocytes and have a key role in chronic inflammation. Certain β‐chemokines, such as monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), have been reported to be upregulated in the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). We studied the distribution of β‐chemokine receptors in polymyositis (PM), sporadic inclusion‐body myositis (sIBM), dermatomyositis (DM), and control samples. CCR1–5 were localized to blood vessels in all samples. In addition, increased endothelial expression of CCR2A was observed in IIM. Subsets of inflammatory cells, identified as macrophages and T cells, in all three types of IIM expressed CCR2A, CCR2B, CCR3, CCR4, and CCR5. In contrast to an earlier report, we found CCR2B to be the most prominent MCP‐1 receptor on inflammatory cells in IIM, especially in PM and sIBM. Strong CCR4 expression was present on myonuclei of regenerating muscle fibers. The prominence of the CCR2 receptors further underlines the importance of the interaction with their ligand MCP‐1 in the immunopathogenesis of IIM and puts CCR2B forward as a potential target for future therapeutic intervention. Muscle Nerve, 2005
Proteomic analysis of differential protein expression in human atherosclerotic plaque progression
Authors: Donners Marjo MPC , Verluyten Monique J , Bouwman Freek G , Mariman Edwin CM , Devreese Bart , Vanrobaeys Frank , van Beeumen Jozef , van den Akker Luc HJM , Daemen Mat JAP , Heeneman Sylvia 
Published: March 2005

AbstractIn this study, differential protein expression was assessed during human atherosclerotic plaque progression. A multifaceted approach was used in which differential protein expression was studied by two‐dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and validated in individual patients using western blotting and immunohistochemistry. 2D profiles of whole‐mount advanced stable lesions were compared to those of plaques containing a thrombus. Mass spectrometry analysis identified vinexin‐β and α1‐antitrypsin (AAT) in the same spot that was differentially expressed in plaques with a thrombus. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting showed limited expression of both vinexin‐β and AAT in early lesions, whereas high expression of both proteins was found in advanced lesions. Differential expression of vinexin‐β in lesions with a thrombus compared to stable plaques could not be confirmed, indicating the importance of validation of proteomic analysis. For AAT, western blotting of 2D gels revealed expression of six isoforms in advanced plaques, one of which was confirmed to be solely expressed in thrombus‐containing plaques. In conclusion, vinexin‐β is expressed in advanced human atherosclerotic plaques, but differential expression of this protein in lesions with a thrombus versus stable plaques could not be confirmed. However, this analysis revealed expression of six isoforms of AAT in advanced plaques, one of which was uniquely expressed in thrombus‐containing plaques. Copyright © 2005 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anaplastic transformation from papillary thyroid carcinoma with increased serum CA19‐9
Authors: Ogawa Masahiro , Hori Hiroki , Hirayama Masahiro , Kobayashi Minako , Shiraishi Taizou , Watanabe Yuri , Komada Yoshihiro 
Published: March 2005

AbstractA 24‐year‐old woman presented with anaplastic transformation from papillary thyroid carcinoma with increased serum CA19‐9. The patient had been diagnosed as having papillary thyroid carcinoma with lung metastasis at 11 years of age. She received a total thyroidectomy with cervical lymph node dissection followed by iodine‐131 (131I) therapy over 12 years, but died due to sudden onset of rapid dissemination. Elevated serum CA19‐9 was detected in the terminal stage, and anaplastic transformation was confirmed by post‐mortem examination. Although there are few clinical reports suggesting a prognostic indicator for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, CA19‐9 may be a useful serum marker for this tumor. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2005; 45:64–67. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Calculation of polymer blend compositions from vibrational spectra: A simple method
Authors: Tomba J. Pablo 
Published: March 2005

AbstractIn this work, the application of a new approach for quantitative analysis, originally developed for Raman spectroscopy, is extended to IR spectroscopy. The attractive features of this methodology are its simplicity and ease of use in comparison with traditional approaches. Unlike other methods, rich spectral information containing several overlapped peaks can be used in the calculations. A robust and well‐conditioned calculation scheme renders precise results, which are independent of the operator's decisions. The method was applied to study the chemical compositions of homogeneous polymer blends made of polystyrene and poly(vinyl methyl ether). Raman and IR blend spectra were acquired with confocal Raman microspectroscopy and attenuated total reflection/Fourier transform infrared, respectively. The blend compositions were calculated from the corresponding vibrational spectra with the proposed strategy, and excellent agreement between those values and the true ones was found for both techniques. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 1144–1151, 2005
Do Intraoperative Total Serum and Ionized Calcium Levels, Like Intraoperative Intact PTH Levels, Correlate with Cure of Hyperparathyroidism?
Authors: Quiros Roderick M. , Pesce Catherine E. , Djuricin Goldie , Prinz Richard A. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractIntraoperative parathyroid hormone (ioPTH) monitoring is useful in the operative management of hyperparathyroidism. Measurement of intraoperative total serum calcium (TSC) and ionized calcium (ICa) levels may be less expensive and more readily available methods of intraoperative guidance during neck dissection than ioPTH levels, the gold standard. We compared the accuracy of monitoring intraoperative TSC and ICa to that of ioPTH for predicting surgical cure during parathyroidectomy. Over a 10‐month period, 47 parathyroidectomies were performed, during which ioPTH, TSC, and ICa were measured. Samples were obtained at the start of the operation and 5 and 10 minutes after gland removal. Data were compared and trends analyzed with respect to removal of abnormal parathyroid tissue as confirmed by pathology. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to determine if decreases in TSC and ICa were significant. The mean baseline ioPTH level (253 ± 247 pg/ml) dropped by 70% at 5 minutes after removal of the abnormal glands (68 ± 85 pg/ml) and by 83% at 10 minutes (32 ± 25 pg/ml). The mean baseline TSC level (10.1 ± 0.9 mg/dl) dropped by 4% at 5 minutes after removal of the abnormal glands (9.7 ± 0.8 mg/dl) and remained at 4% at 10 minutes (9.6 ± 0.7 mg/dl). The mean baseline ICa level (1.4 ± 0.1 mmol/dl) also dropped by 4% at 5 minutes after removal of the abnormal glands (1.3 ± 0.1 mmol/dl) and remained at 4% at 10 minutes (1.3 ± 0.1 mg/dl). ioPTH dropped by ≥ 50% in 39 patients (83%) at 5 minutes and in 46 patients (98%) at 10 minutes after gland resection. TSC decreased below baseline at 5 minutes and remained below baseline at 10 minutes in only 37 patients (79%). In the remaining 21% of patients, TSC decreased inconsistently, if at all, with respect to baseline at both the 5‐ and 10‐minute time points. ICa decreased below baseline at 5 minutes and remained below baseline at 10 minutes in only 35 patients (77%). In the remaining 23% of patients, ICa, like TSC, changed inconsistently at 5 and 10 minutes after parathyroidectomy with respect to baseline levels. Decreases in TSC and ICa during parathyroidectomy, if present, are thus minimal. Unlike ioPTH levels, TSC and ICa levels do not consistently decrease at 5 and 10 minutes after gland resection. Although inexpensive and readily available, monitoring the intraoperative TSC and ICa is not clinically reliable for confirming removal of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands.
Effect of Acetaldehyde on Growth, Substrates, and Products by Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp cremoris
Authors: Schmitt P. , Diviès C. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractAddition of 5.6 mmol/L of acetaldehyde to glucose broth led to an increase in the specific growth rate, a decrease in the specific glucose consumption rate, and an increase in the specific lactate production rate of Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp cremoris. The amount of acetate produced was enhanced. For cells growing in broth containing glucose plus citrate, addition of acetaldehyde did not stimulate growth and did not significantly change the maxima of specific consumption rate of citrate and glucose; however, a change in kinetics was observed: the maxima appeared earlier in the presence of acetaldehyde than in its absence. In the absence of acetaldehyde, the specific citrate utilization rate was higher than the specific glucose consumption rate.
Optimal Chemostat Cascades for Periplasmic Protein Production
Authors: Davis Robert H. , Ramirez W. Fred , Chatterjee Ashish 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThis theoretical work predicts the optimal system design for the steady‐state production of secreted protein in a chemostat cascade, using bakers' yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as the host organism. The protein of interest, mutant invertase, is secreted to the periplasmic space instead of the culture medium on account of its large size. This work uses the secretion model developed and tested by Park and Ramirez (1988). It is shown that the highest productivity is achieved when the chemostat cascade contains two stages, although the improvement over the single‐stage productivity is small. When no recycle is used, the advantage of two stages results from the tradeoff between maximizing the cell concentration and maximizing the rate of protein production per cell. When recycle is used, the cell concentration and protein productivity are increased, and the advantage of two stages results from the tradeoff between maximizing the specific protein production rate and maximizing the specific protein secretion rate. Cascades with three stages were also investigated, but these were found to have no improvement over the corresponding two‐stage cascades.
Overloaded Hollow‐Fiber Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Ding Hongbing , Cussler E. L. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractLiquid chromatography in hollow fibers can separate solutes like flavors and proteins by using a stationary phase of organic solvent, sometimes containing reversed micelles. Such separations, which have a much smaller pressure drop than equivalent separations in packed beds, show dispersion consistent with chromatographic theories at low flows and dilute feeds. These separations behave less predictably at high flows and concentrated feeds, which overload the hollow fibers. The results for flavors correlate well with the Graetz number, consistent with available theories of chromatography and adsorption. The results for proteins correlate poorly with the Graetz number but better with a dimensionless flux based on facilitated diffusion in the stationary phase.
Fractionation of Recombinant Tumor Necrosis Factor Using Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Membranes
Authors: Dorin Glenn , Thomson James , Hanisch Wolf 
Published: March 2005

AbstractRecombinant tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is expressed in Escherichia coli as a soluble intracellular protein. A purification process is described that incorporates a hydrophilic membrane (cellulosic) separation followed by a hydrophobic one (PTFE). The hydrophilic step is a traditional one in that species are separated primarily on the basis of size. The hydrophobic step separates species on the basis of parameters apparently not related to size. By combining these two steps, an increase in TNF purity of 7‐10‐fold can be achieved with a yield of 50%. The effects of cellular debris and pH on selectivity and recovery of the hydrophobic filtration step are discussed.