bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REDUCED SYSTOLIC PERFOMANCE BY TISSUE DOPPLER IN PATIENTS WITH PRESERVED AND ABNORMAL EJECTION FRACTION: NEW INSIGHTS IN CHRONIC HEART FAILURE
Authors: Garcia E. H. , Perna E. , Eduardo F. , Ricardo O. , Stella M. , Jorge P. , Marcelo A. , Ariel P. , Eduardo T. , Leonardo. R. 
Published: February 2004

Background: Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is a new tool in the evaluation of the systolic and diastolic function. We sought to compare TDI findings in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) due to systolic and diastolic dysfunction as well as to assess its usefulness for diagnosing diastolic CHF. Methods and Results: One hundred and ten outpatients with CHF and 68 controls were prospectively included. Ejection fraction (EF) was obtained by two‐dimensional echocardiography and systolic and diastolic wall motion velocities were recorded for basal septum. Patients without CHF were classified as Group A (controls); those with CHF were classified according to EF in Group B1: > 45% and B2: £ 45%. In groups A, B1, and B2 the mean peak S was 7.74; 5.45 and 4.89 cm/sec (p < 0.001); the mean peak E was 8.56; 5.72, and 6.1 cm/sec (p < 0.001); and the mean A peak was 10.2; 7.3 and 5.3 cm/sec (p < 0.001). Control and CHF groups were different in all terms except E/A ratio (p = 0.001), the E peak and IVRT among groups with CHF were comparable (p = ns). The most useful parameters for identifying diastolic CHF were IVRT and S peak, with area under ROC curves of 0.93 and 0.89. The cut‐off of 115 msec for IVRT and 5.8 cm/sec for S peak showed a sensitivity of 94% and 97%, with a specificity of 82% and 73%, respectively.

Parameter
Group A  (n = 68)
Group B1  (n = 37)
Group B2  (n = 73)
p value

EF (%)
66.1 ± 7.9
57 ± 7.8
28.8 ± 9.7
0.001

E peak
8.56 ± 2.4
5.72 ± 2.2
6.1 ± 1.9
0.001

A peak
10.2 ± 1.9
7.3 ± 2.9
5.3 ± 2.8
0.001

S peak
7.74 ± 1.4
5.45 ± 1.6
4.89 ± 1.2
0.001

E/A ratio
0.87 ± 0.3
0.96 ± 0.6
1.7 ± 1.5
0.001

IVTR
98 ± 26
166 ± 38
153 ± 42
0.001

IVTC
67 ± 18
110 ± 34
132 ± 47
0.001

Conclusion: TDI velocities were reduced in CHF compared with normal subjects, there were not differences among CHF with preserved or reduced EF in E peak and IVRT. In addition, the systolic velocity as well as IVRT were useful to diagnose CHF with preserved EF. These findings suggest that impairment of left ventricular systolic function is present even in those with diastolic heart failure, and that abnormalities may have an important role to identify that condition.
REGIONAL PULSED DOPPLERMYOCARDIAL MAPPING DURING EXERCISE ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
Authors: Trivi M. , Kuschnir P. , Gimenez De Paz E. , Marcolongo G. , Lombardero M. , Lardani. H. 
Published: February 2004

Background: Exercise effects on regional myocardial velocities have not been well described. Objectives: To evaluate regional systolic and diastolic velocities by pulsed Doppler myocardial mapping during exercise echocardiogram in patients without apparent cardiac disease and to explore feasibility of regional tissue Doppler during exercise. Methods: 49 consecutive patients (61 ± 10 years) without cardiovascular history who underwent 3 stages of supine bicycle exercise echocardiography were prospectively selected, if they showed normal wall motion at rest, during, and post‐submaximal exercise. Were excluded patients with a bad acoustic window and significant valvular or myocardial diseases. Maximal spectral Doppler velocities during systole and early diastole (within 3 minutes) were recorded at each stage in the basal third of the inferior, lateral and anterior walls and in the middle septum from the apical 2 and 4 chambers views. Results: All patient performed regional tissue Doppler during exercise. See table. D: diastolic, S: systolic, Exer: exercise Incr: increase% from rest ″p < 0.05 compared with other segments; *p < 0.001 compared with rest.

cm/sec
Drest
Dexer
Incr%
Dpost
Incr%
Srest
Sexer
Incr%
Spost

Septal
8.38
11.09
32
10.44
24
6.34
8.27
30
8.61

Lateral
10.97
14.51
32
13.41
22
7.82
10.05
28
10.36

Inferior
10.64
13.78
29
13.30
25
7.71
10.20
32
10.30

Anterior
9.79
10.04
43
12.88
32
6.92
9.70
40
10.59

Average
9.94
12.35*
34
12.50*
26
7.19
9.55*
32
9.95*

Conclusion: Exercise increases diastolic and systolic myocardial Doppler velocities around 30% in all segments in patients without apparent cardiac disease. Post exercise there are no different to peak exercise velocities. Middle septal velocity is lower than the other basal segments. Regional tissue Doppler may be performed during exercise echocardiogram.
TISSUE CHARACTERIZATION TO DIFFERENTIATE PATHOLOGICAL FROM PHYSIOLOGICAL HYPERTROPHY IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION AND ATHLETES
Authors: Hita A. , Chejtman D. , Baratta S. , Fernandez H. , Bang J.H. , Bilbao J. , Kotliar C. , Turri. D. 
Published: February 2004

Precedents: In pathological left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (H) of hypertensive patients (P) there is a deposition of collagen. Myocardial fibrosis is one of the factors responsible for systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Athletes increase their ventricular mass as physiological ventricular H. Integrated backscatter (IB) demonstrates changes in myocardial acoustic properties, depending upon their composition and function. Objectives: (1).Assess the capability of IB to differentiate physiological from pathological H. (2).Correlate IB with overall and regional systolic and diastolic functions. Methods: Group I(GI):13 hypertensive P with an LV mass index (LVMI)>124 gr/m2, Group II(G2):11 athletes, Group III(G3): 8 volunteers. We determined overall systolic and diastolic functions and regional function of the basal septum, IB and cyclic variation of the IB (CVIB) of the posterior wall. Results: Age (years): G1:52 ± 15, G2:28 ± 8 G3:35 ± 8 p = 0.000; Sex: G1:m/f 12/1, G2: m/f 9/2, G3: m/f 4/4, LVMI: G1: 180.1 ± 58 gr/m2, G2:130.2 ± 20 gr/m2 G3: 90.2 ± 16 gr/m2 p = 0.000. Left atrial area (LAA): G1: 22 ± 4 cm2, G2: 18.8 ± 1.8 cm2, G3: 15.8 cm2 p = 0.001, mid‐wall shortening fraction (MWSF): G1:26.9 ± 3.5, G2:27.5 ± 4 G3:25 ± 3 p = NS; CVIB: G1:5,3 ± 2,5 G2:7.6 ± 2,1 G3:6.4 ± 1.1 P = 0.048.Correlation of IB and MWSF, p = NS; IB and MWSF p = NS, IB and CVIB:‐0.56 p = 0.005.

Group 1
Goup 2
Group 3
P
Correlation  IB
P

Regional S
4.83 ± 0.9
5.68 ± 0.8
5.65 ± 1.3
0.03
regional
−0.49 (p =

cm/seg

S
0.015)

Regional e/a
0.8 ± 0.3
2.1 ± 0.6
1.9 ± 1.3
0.002
e/a
−0.43 (p =

0.038)

Transmitral
1.2 ± 0.3
2 ± 0.75
1.9 ± 0.9
0.008
E/A
NS

E/A

BI (dB)
41 ± 6
29 ± 6
35 ± 8
0.001
LAA
0.43 (p =

0.037)

Conclusion: (1). An increase in IB was seen in hypertensive patients, which may be the echocardiographic manifestation of myocardial fibrosis and/or depressed ventricular function. (2). IB differentiates physiological from pathological H. (3). Regional systolic and diastolic functions correlate inversely with IB in hypertensive patients, whereas LAA correlates with IB.
LONGITUDINAL CONTRACTION OF LEFT VENTRICLE WITH INOTROPIC STIMULATION WITH DOBUTAMINE BY TISSUE DOPPLER. CORRELATION WITH EJECTION FRACTION IN NORMAL SUBJECTS
Authors: Tassano E. , Garcia E. , Obregon R. , Parras J. , Romano A. , Duarte S. , Cayre. R. 
Published: February 2004

Introduction: The ejection fraction (EF) is an ecocardiographic parameter of left ventricle (LV) systolic function usually used in the cardiovascular evaluation. However, instead only contractility, EF is a measure that analyzes changes of LV dimensions, which are preload and afterload dependent, and evaluates mainly the contraction of the circumferentially orientated myocardic fibers. The longitudinal fibers of the LV are probably more important in the contractile function and the inotropic stimulation would affect its function in a different way to the EF. Objectives: To evaluate the proportional increase of EF and S peak induced by stress with dobutamine in healthy subjects, and the relationship between both parameters of LV systolic function. Methods: 80 patients were prospectively included. The clinical examination, the electrocardiogram, and the ecocardiographic evaluation of them all were normal. No one was on any medication. An echocardiogram with EF calculated by Simpson's method was made. To obtain the systolic peak (S) PTD was performed from an apical four‐chamber view to obtain long axis velocities, with a 5‐mm. sample size on the middle of basal septum, at the union with the mitral annulus. Both parameters were recorded at rest and after the intravenous infusion of increasing doses of 10 mg/min every 3 minutes of dobutamine until reaching 40 mg/min or an appropriate heart rate if necessary; atropine in a dose of up to 1 mg was added. The parameters obtained of S peak and EF were expressed as proportional increase from baseline in percentage. Both parameters were correlated by means of linear regression and differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. Results: The mean age was 63 ± 9 years, 22 were male (27.5%), the mean heart rate achieved with stress was 125 ± 18, systolic blood pressure was 125 ± 28 mmHg, and double product of 15,822 ± 3,495. The data of EF and S peak are shown in the following table. The correlation between proportional increase of EF and S peak was r = 0.13 (p = 0.22).

Parameters
Baseline
Post‐stress
Modification (%)
P value

EF (%)
64.5 ± 14
81.5 ± 12
27.4%
0.0001

S peak (cm/sec)
7.6 ± 3
13.6 ± 6
84.3%
0.0001

Conclusions: In healthy subjects the proportional increase of S peak was significantly higher than EF with inotropic stimulation. These data suggest that the longitudinal myocardial oriented fibers are more sensitive to dobutamine stimulation.
EFFECT OF APICAL SEGMENTAL DYSFUNCTION ON EARLY DIASTOLIC ANNULAR TISSUE VELOCITY
Authors: Migliore R. , Adania M. , Miramont G. , Barranco M. , Guerrero F. , Tamagusuku H. , Lapuente. A. 
Published: February 2004

Background: Apical segments contribute to early LV filling by actively drawing blood from mid and basal levels into the apical region, by means of relaxation and elastic recoil (suction) effect. Longitudinal axis early diastolic annular tissue velocity (Ea) is influenced by relaxation and suction of LV. Objective: To analyze the influence of apical segmental dysfunction on peak Ea velocity in a clinical model, as chronic Chagas disease cardiomyopathy (ChD) in which apical aneurysm is a common finding. Methods: Forty‐four patients with ChD (49 ± 8 years), ejection fraction (EF) > 45% and 20 age‐matched normal subjects (N) were studied. Twenty‐one patients with ChD had normal wall motion (G 1) and 23 patients had apical aneurysm (G 2). EF, peak Ea velocity of the lateral mitral annulus (tissue Doppler imaging), peak E and A velocities and E/A ratio (transmitral pulsed Doppler) were measured. Analysis of variance was used to compare groups. Results: Mean value ± standard deviation, p < 0.001 vs N, *p < 0.01 vs G 1; EF was not significantly different in the three groups.

Ea (m/s)
E/A

N
0.17 ± 0.07
1.38 ± 0.32

G1
0.15 ± 0.04
1.34 ± 0.47

G2
0.11 ± 0.03
1.21 ± 0.54

Conclusion: Patients with ChD and apical aneurysm (G 2) had peak Ea velocity significantly decreased in comparison with patients without aneurysm (G 1), although they had no difference in EF and pulsed Doppler index. In a clinical model as ChD, these findings suggest that apical segmental dysfunction influenced early diastolic annular tissue velocity.
LEFT VENTRICULAR MECHANICS IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE
Authors: Volberg V.I. , Grosso O.A. , Pecoraro C.A. , Roisinblit J. , Lerman J. , Piñeiro. D.J. 
Published: February 2004

The end systolic stress–strain relationship (mean end‐systolic fiber stress (MESFS) and the logarithm ln(h0/h) [h0 = wall thickness extrapolated to a “cero” ventricular volume; h = end‐systolic wall thickness]), evaluates the mechanics of the left ventricle (LV) independently of its mass and geometry. Objectives: To compare the LV mechanics in patients without and with compensated systolic heart failure (HF) using the MESFS–ln(h0/h) relationship. Methods: We perform echo Doppler studies in 37 patients with compensated HF (11 women) 65±15 years old (18–85) and 162 patients without HF (102 women) 50±16 years old (18–83). MESFS and ln(h0/h) were calculated and compared between the groups, and the resulting curve was plotted. Results. (o) without HF; with HF. Conclusion: Patients with compensated HF have higher‐end systolic MESFS and ln(h0/h). Consequently, they show a rightward shift in the end‐systolic MESFS‐ ln(h0/h) curve.
Fish scale collagen. Preparation and partial characterization
Authors: Nagai Takeshi , Izumi Masami , Ishii Masahide 
Published: February 2004

SummaryFish scale was decalcified and disaggregated and then collagen was prepared by limited pepsin digestion. The yields of collagens were very high on a dry weight basis; sardine 50.9%, red sea bream 37.5% and Japanese sea bass 41.0%, respectively. These scale collagens were heterotrimers with a chain composition of (α1)2α2. Although the denaturation temperature of the collagen was lower than land animal collagen, fish scales will have potential as an important collagen source for use in various industries.
An oil dilution technique used in small‐scale frying to reduce oil expenditure
Authors: Yilmaz Emin 
Published: February 2004

SummaryAn oil dilution technique was developed and it saved oil expenditure in doughnut frying by about 30% without any compromise in doughnut quality compared with standard small‐scale control frying. Doughnut quality as evaluated by a sensory panel and absorbed fat content measurements, also supported the main findings. In addition, either the oil density, acid value or alkaline contaminant materials can be effectively used to monitor oil quality changes during frying.
Chemical characterization and protein quality evaluation of leaf protein concentrates from Glyricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala
Authors: Agbede Johnson Oluwasola , Aletor Valentine Ayobore 
Published: February 2004

SummaryLeaves and leaf protein concentrates (LPCs) from leaves of Glyricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala were analysed for chemical constituents. The protein quality of the LPC, with or without dl‐methionine supplementation, was estimated by using sixty weanling albino rats. Glyricidia leaves contained higher crude protein and lower crude fibre than L. leucocephala leaves, while the ash values were identical. In the LPCs, crude protein showed a good balance of amino acids and nutritionally important minerals. The gross energy (GE) was only enhanced in the LPC of Glyricidia and, although tannin content was reduced in the LPCs, the phytate concentration increased. The rat bioassay did not suggest that, even when supplemented with dl‐methionine, Glyricidia or Leucaena LPC would support rat growth when used as the sole sources of dietary protein. Based on the analytical and bioassay data, the nutritional potentials and limitations of these under‐utilized protein resources are discussed.
Couscous, a traditional Turkish food product: production method and some applications for enrichment of nutritional value
Authors: Çelik İlyas , Işık Fatma , Gürsoy Oğuz 
Published: February 2004

SummaryTraditional Turkish couscous, a cereal‐based product, is made by covering bulgur with milk and flour. Traditionally Turkish couscous was produced from different flours (soyflour and oat flour) and eggs. The nutrient composition of traditional couscous was 90.6% dry matter, 11.27% protein, 2.58% fat, 71.80% carbohydrate, 42.25 mg sodium, 365.62 mg potassium, 2.73 mg iron and 48.30 mg calcium. The calorie content of traditional couscous is about 1487.41 kJ 100 g−1. The addition of soy and oat flours increased protein content and Ca, K and Fe levels. Sensory properties were also affected. Panellists preferred traditional couscous and couscous with eggs or soyflour over couscous with oat flour.
Characterization of hemicelluloses of sugar beet roots grown in Morocco
Authors: Fares Khalid , Renard Catherine M. G. C. , Crepeau Marie‐Jeanne , Thibault Jean‐François 
Published: February 2004

SummaryHemicelluloses, extracted by means of concentrated alkali (1 m, followed by 4 m sodium hydroxide) from alcohol‐insoluble, pectin‐free residue of Moroccan sugar beet samples, obtained by using 1 m NaOH were collected twice in 1996 (Early and Late samples). The hemicellulose extracts were precipitated by aqueous ethanol at 50 and 75%, giving three fractions P50, P75 and S (supernatant), each aqueous ethanol fraction represented approximately one‐third of the initial material. The supernatants were mostly arabinose (271–339 m g−1 and 115–164 mg g−1, for the 1 m and the 4 m extracts, respectively). Proteins were present in the supernatants and P75 fractions. Glucuronic acid and diferulic acid were present in some samples. Fractionation of P50 and P75 on DEAE Sepharose gave initial fractions containing fucose, xylose and glucose (xyloglucans). The fractions from P75 were rich in mannose and glucose (glucomannans). Those fractions that were retained were rich in xylose and arabinose but also glucose (up to 40–45 mol%) in the case of the Late season samples. The material that could only be eluted from the DEAE column by 0.5 m sodium hydroxide was mostly composed of xylose (74–80 mol%). Methylation analysis of these fractions showed the characteristic structure of xylans.
Thermal kinetics of pungency loss in relation to the quality of pickled garlic
Authors: Rejano Luis , Castro Antonio de , Sánchez Antonio H. , Casado Francisco J. , Montaño Alfredo 
Published: February 2004

SummaryThe kinetics of the loss of pungency (enzymatically formed pyruvate) from garlic slices during heating was investigated at selected temperatures (60, 65, 70 and 75 °C) with the aim of optimizing the water blanching treatment in the processing of pickled garlic. For each temperature, after a lag period, pungency appeared to decrease in two phases as heating progressed. The first and more important phase, which was used for the calculation of the kinetic parameters, followed first‐order kinetics. The calculated z‐value (9.4 °C) was significantly lower than z‐values generally reported for degradation of quality factors in foods. The effectiveness of thermal treatment to eliminate pungent flavour and inhibit green discolouration increased with increasing temperatures. Optimum blanch treatment was reached at 80 °C for 1.1 min. Pyruvate determination was shown to be a better indicator of pungency than allicin determination in blanched garlic slices.
Characteristics of set type yoghurt made from caprine or ovine milk and mixtures of the two
Authors: Stelios Kaminarides , Emmanuel Anifantakis 
Published: February 2004

SummaryRheological, physico‐chemical and organoleptic studies were made on five types of yoghurt originally from pure caprine milks of an Alpine breed and local breeds, pure ovine milk of the Lacaune breed, and two mixtures containing 50% caprine milk from an Alpine breed + 50% ovine milk of the Lacaune breed and 70% caprine milk of local breeds + 30% ovine milk of the Lacaune breed. Comparison of the yoghurts showed that it was possible to produce yoghurt of good quality from the last four types of milk. In contrast, pure caprine milk from an Alpine breed was not suitable for the production of yoghurt as this milk is low in dry matter and the yoghurt that was produced had the lowest firmness and significantly inferior organoleptic characteristics. Yoghurts prepared from mixtures of 50% caprine milk of an Alpine breed + 50% ovine milk of the Lacaune breed, and 70% caprine milk of local breeds + 30% ovine milk of the Lacaune breed, were of good quality, with similar consistency, rheological and organoleptic characteristics.
Rheological behaviour and colour changes of ginger paste during storage
Authors: Ahmed Jasim 
Published: February 2004

SummaryGinger paste was prepared from fresh ginger by addition of 8% common salt and citric acid. The paste was thermally processed and packed in glass, polyethyleneterephthalate or high‐density‐polyethylene containers and stored at 5 ± 1 and 25 ± 1 °C for 120 days. The rheological characteristics of the paste were studied by using a computer controlled rotational viscometer over the temperature range of 20–80 °C. Samples were subjected to a programmed shear rate, increasing linearly from 0 to 200 s−1 in 3 min, followed by a steady shear at 200 s−1 for 3 min and finally decreasing linearly from 200 to 0 s−1 in 3 min. Ginger paste exhibited pseudoplasticity with yield stress and flow adequately described by the Herschel–Bulkley model. The yield stress decreased exponentially with process temperature and ranged between 3.86 and 27.82 Pa. The flow behaviour index (n) varied between 0.66 and 0.82 over the temperature range. Both consistency index and apparent viscosity decreased with increase in temperature and the process activation energies were found to be in the range of 16.7 to 21.9 kJ mol−1. The effect of temperature was significant (P < 0.05) on the Hunter colour combination value of the paste during storage; however it was not affected by type of packaging material (P > 0.05). It is recommended that ginger paste is stored at 5 ± 1 °C in polyethyleneterephthalate or glass containers.
Dietary supplementation of α‐tocopheryl acetate on α‐tocopherol levels in duck tissues and its influence on meat storage stability
Authors: Russell Elizabeth Anne , Lynch Patrick Brendan , O'Sullivan Kathleen , Kerry Joseph Patrick 
Published: February 2004

SummaryThe effect of feeding three levels of α‐tocopheryl acetate on quality and stability of duck meat was studied. Day‐old white Peking ducklings (n = 75) were assigned to three dietary treatments (n = 25) 20 mg α‐tocopheryl acetate per kg feed (E20, control), 400 mg α‐tocopheryl acetate per kg feed (E400) and 1000 mg α‐tocopheryl acetate per kg feed (E1000). α‐Tocopherol concentrations in breast, thigh, liver and heart tissues were significantly (P < 0.05) increased, in a dose‐dependent manner. Supplementation also enhanced oxidative stability of duck muscle. Breast muscle was more susceptible to lipid oxidation than thigh muscle for all groups studied, even though breast muscle contained higher α‐tocopherol levels than thigh muscle. These findings are significant because previous studies using chickens and turkeys showed that breast meat was always more stable than thigh meat and that thigh meat always had higher α‐tocopherol levels than breast meat. Supplementation with α‐tocopheryl acetate did not improve the colour stability of duck meat.
Therapeutic Left Ventricular Assist Device and Apheresis on Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Matoba Yoshica , Okubo Hisashi , Nosé Yukihiko 
Published: February 2004

Abstract:  Pathogenesis and therapies of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) have been discussed for a long time, but both of the ultimate answers are still unknown. In the last decade, the pathogenic role of immunological factors, such as cardiac autoimmune antibodies and cytokines, have been discussed attentively. This has led to one possible new therapy, immunoadsorption, which removes antibodies, and it has made a remarkable effect. However, there are other factors to remove. For the removal of cytokines and neurohormones, the most effective method is hemofiltration (HF). Also, double‐filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) removes immunoglobulin as well as low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) and coagulation factors that may improve blood circulation, including the coronary arteries. Therefore, to eliminate all deteriorative factors, both apheresis therapies, HF and DFPP, should be performed.Due to the shortage of donor hearts, left ventricular assist systems (LVAD) have been used as a bridge to transplantation. It has now been reported that the total unloading of the left ventricle does not only maintain, but also recovers, the cardiac function, even from end‐stage heart failure. However, the patients who have obtained a long‐lasting recovery of cardiac function from an LVAD are still in a minority. To make this the majority, therapeutic LVAD should be combined with the apheresis therapies, DFPP and HF. We believe that this concept, a combination of HF and DFPP with therapeutic LVAD, will be the next generation of treatment that has a potential to postpone, or even avoid, heart transplantation.