bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic alterations in vitamin D deficient systemic lupus erythematosus patients
Authors: Yan Yunxia , Yu Fangyuan , Li Qi , Feng Xuebing , Geng Linyu , Sun Lingyun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is increasingly common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and is associated with the disease activity and proteinuria. Recently, alterations in metabolism have been recognized as key regulators of SLE pathogenesis. Our objective was to identify changes in the serum metabolome of SLE with vitamin D deficiency.
Methods: In this study, we applied untargeted metabolomics to serum samples obtained from a cross-sectional cohort of age- and sex-matched SLE patients, with or without vitamin D deficiency. Subsequently, we performed metabolomics profiling analysis, including principal component analysis, student’s t test, fold change analysis, volcano plot analysis, cluster analysis, Spearman’s correlation analysis, KEGG enrichment analysis, regulatory network analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, to identify 52 significantly altered metabolites in vitamin D deficient SLE patients. The area under the curve (AUC) from ROC analyses was calculated to assess the diagnostic potential of each candidate metabolite biomarker.
Results: Lipids accounted for 66.67% of the differential metabolites in the serum, highlighted the disruption of lipid metabolism. The 52 differential metabolites were mapped to 27 metabolic pathways, with fat digestion and absorption, as well as lipid metabolism, emerging as the most significant pathways. The AUC of (S)-Oleuropeic acid and 2-Hydroxylinolenic acid during ROC analysis were 0.867 and 0.833, respectively, indicating their promising diagnostic potential.
Conclusions: In conclusion, our results revealed vitamin D deficiency alters SLE metabolome, impacting lipid metabolism, and thrown insights into the pathogenesis and diagnosis of SLE.
Predicting the risk of chronic kidney disease using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Veisani Yousef , Kheiry Maryam , Sayyadi Hojjat , Moradinazar Mehdi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background and Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is among the most severe diseases in the modern world adversely affecting human life. Various risk factors, such as age, sex, diabetes, and hypertension, predispose to the occurrence of CKD. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of CKD using machine learning algorithms.
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on the data from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort. At the end of 5 years of follow-up, the number of participants was 10065 cases, 81 (0.8%) of whom were excluded after sub-processing, and 9984 (98.92%) subjects were finally included in the study. Different machine learning algorithms were used to analyze the data, and the performance of each model was evaluated by calculating accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC). The final model was used to identify the most important predictors of CKD.
Results: The Generalized Linear Model (GLM) was selected as the final model with the highest sensitivity and accuracy (AUC =97%). According to this model, the most important predictors of CKD were identified to be SC=1.0, Wc=0.591, Rt=0.687, age=0.401, SGPT=0.334, TG=0.334, MCH=0.327, MCV=0.327, BFM=0.306, and HDLC=0.276. Also, the variables of SC, AIP, gender, and SGPT were most important in predicting CKD. Based on the final model, sodium, SGOT, and DBP were the most important predictors that contradicted with None-CKD patients.
Conclusion: Based on our results, the GLM model delivered the most proficient performance in predicting CKD by correctly identifying all patients. In this model, serum creatinine level obtained the highest weight and, therefore, was the most important predictor of CKD.
Can Digital Rectal Examination Identify the Subtype of Dyssynergic Disorders as Well as High Resolution Anorectal Manometry?
Authors: ONANA-NDONG Philippe , BAUMSTARCK Karine , Vitton Véronique 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
The diagnosis of dyssynergic disorders (DD) often necessitates high-definition anorectal manometry (3D-HRAM), introducing concerns related to cost, availability, and delayed referral. Digital rectal examination (DRE) has demonstrated reliable performance in diagnosing DD, offering a cost-effective and readily available alternative. This study aimed to assess DRE's capability to accurately classify patients with DD into the four subtypes outlined in Rao's classification.
METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective monocentric study involving patients diagnosed with DD through 3D-HRAM. The same senior clinician performed all DREs, while another senior clinician conducted the 3D-HRAM. Statistical tests were employed to gauge the correlation between DRE and HRAM in classifying the four DD subtypes.
RESULTS:
The study included 200 patients, revealing a commendable overall agreement between DRE and HRAM (Kappa= 0.658). Specific to subtype diagnosis, the correlation was substantial for subtypes I, II, and IV (0.679, 0.741, 0.649, respectively) and moderate for subtype III (Kappa = 0.325).
CONCLUSION:
DRE yields satisfactory results in diagnosing the four subtypes of DD, enabling prompt referral for rehabilitation without awaiting confirmation from 3D-HRAM. Enhanced training in DRE, emphasizing functional information, has the potential to reduce reliance on additional tests, thereby mitigating economic and organizational impacts.
AI Clinics on Mobile (AICOM): Universal AI Doctors for the Underserved and Hard-to-Reach
Authors: Yang Tianyi , Yang Tianze , An Na , Kong Ao , Tang Jie , Liu Shaoshan , Liu Xue 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This paper introduces Artificial Intelligence Clinics on Mobile (AICOM), an open-source project devoted to answering the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG3) on health, which represents a universal recognition that health is fundamental to human capital and social and economic development. The core motivation for the AICOM project is the fact that over 80% of the people in the least developed countries (LDCs) own a mobile phone, even though less than 40% of these people have internet access. Hence, the key to maximize health care access is to empower health AI on resource-constrained mobile devices without connectivity. We have evaluated AICOM’s public health benefits through analyzing data from the World Bank. For technical development, multiple technologies, including model size shrinking, compute optimization, battery usage optimization have been developed and integrated into the AICOM framework to empower AI-based disease diagnostics and screening capability on resource-constrained mobile phones without connectivity.
The effect of awn needle deep acupuncture on the hiccup after stroke: a Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Nie Chenchen , Zhang Yuhan , Su Kaiqi , Zhu Kaixuan , Ruan Wencong , Li WenBo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Hiccups are common complications after stroke and are characterized by stubborn attacks that seriously affect the patient’s diet and sleep and increase the incidence of aspiration pneumonia. In current research, acupuncture is widely used as a nonpharmacological intervention in many observational studies, but few well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted. Therefore, we designed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the therapeutic effect of awn needle deep acupuncture in the treatment of hiccups after stroke. The RCT could provide a scientific basis for the treatment of hiccups after stroke with awn needle deep acupuncture.
Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled trial, 68 patients with hiccups after stroke who meet the trial criteria will be randomized1:1 intotwo groups: the acupuncture group and the control group. The acupuncture group will be treated with awn needle deep puncture (ANDP) therapy, and the control group will be given metoclopramide intramuscular injection. Both groups of patients will receive the same basic conventional treatment. All treatments will be performed 5 times a week for 2 weeks. The primary criterion is the severity of hiccups, which will be evaluated by the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and the Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Score Scale (TCMSSS). The secondary criteria are mental state and sleep score, which will be measured by the Functional Life Index-Emesis (FLIE), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). All criteriawill be evaluated at baseline, week 2, week 4, week 8 andweek 12.
Discussion: Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of ANDP for poststroke hiccups and to assess the effect of two different treatments on patients with poststroke hiccups, thus providing a high-quality rationale for the clinical use of ANDP for hiccups after stroke.
Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, identifier: ChiCTR2100051110. Registered on 13 September 2021.
Identification of Ferroptosis-related Regulatory Network and Validation of the Expression of miRNA-326–IL-1β in Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Xu Senming , Li Xiaolu , Gui Yuchang , Yang Ye , Chen Jianmin , Jiang Yangyang , Pan Qinhe , Xu Jianwen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe central nervous system injury. Emerging research suggests a connection between SCI and ferroptosis. However, its underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. This study aims to identify key genes associated with ferroptosis after SCI and explore their potential molecular mechanisms.
Methods
Ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) were identified by intersecting GSE151371 and the FerrDb database. Enrichment analysis was performed with Gene Ontology (GO) / KEGG. And the top five hub FRGs were from protein-protein interaction network analysis. Subsequently, the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed based on ENCORI dataset. Furthermore, rat SCI Model was constructed and Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan Locomotor Scale Assessment was used to evaluate hind limb motor function in sham group and SCI group. Ferroptosis marker genes Gpx4, Acsl4 and predicted genes miR-326 – IL-1β were validated through RT-qPCR.
Results
We screened out 38 FRGs. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that lipid response was significantly associated with ferroptosis after SCI, while IL-17 signaling pathway was predominantly involved in the regulation of ferroptosis. Moreover, we identified five hub FRGs - PPARG, IL-1β, PTGS2, IFNG, and MAPK3 - which played crucial roles in the ceRNA network. Furthermore, the RNA expression level of Acsl4 was upregulated in the SCI group than in the sham group, while the Gpx4 was reversed. Similarly, in comparison to the sham group, the expression level of IL-1β was increased in the SCI group, while miR-326 exhibited a decrease expression.
Conclusions
miR-326–IL-1β may play pivotal roles in the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis after SCI. Further experimental validation is warranted.
Screening and transcriptome analysis of low phosphorus tolerance genes in Pueraria lobata
Authors: Tang Yanhua , Zhang Shuwei , Xi Yi , Liu yuyu , Zhao Lili , Chen Chao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
To explore the effects of low phosphorus stress on the root morphology, growth physiology and molecular mechanisms of Pueraria lobata, the present study utilized P. lobata from Australia and Hunan and Jiangsu Provinces in China. Three treatment levels of normal phosphorus (0.5 mmol·L− 1 KH2PO4), low phosphorus (0.05 mmol·L− 1 KH2PO4) and extremely low phosphorus (0.005 mmol·L− 1 KH2PO4) were applied by hydroponics. After 20 days of culture, the root index, proline, soluble sugar, and soluble protein contents and malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activity levels were measured. P. lobata from Australia was tolerant to low phosphorus, while P. lobata from Jiangsu was sensitive to low phosphorus. Transcriptome sequencing was performed on the roots of P. lobata from Australia and P. lobata from Jiangsu. Gene function annotation analysis and differential expression gene screening were performed on the transcriptomes. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway PR1 and CTR1 were the most differentially expressed genes in Australian P. lobata, while ERF1 was the most differentially expressed gene in Jiangsu P. lobata. The transcription factor families C2H2, bZIP, MYB, and bHLH were among the most differentially expressed transcription factors under low phosphorus stress in P. lobata from Australia, while ERF was the most differentially expressed transcription factor under low phosphorus stress in P. lobata from Jiangsu. Through transcriptome sequencing, the differences in gene expression between low-phosphorus-tolerant Australian P. lobata and low-phosphorus-sensitive Jiangsu P. lobata under low phosphorus stress were preliminarily understood, providing a basis for future research on the mechanism of P. lobata stress responses.
Stored alcohol and fatty acid intermediates and the biosynthesis of sex pheromone aldehyde in the moth Chloridea virescens
Authors: Foster Stephen P. , Anderson Karin G. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In most species of moths, the female produces and releases a volatile sex pheromone from a specific gland to attract a mate. Biosynthesis of the most common type of moth sex pheromone component (Type 1) involves de novo synthesis of hexadecanoate (16:Acyl), followed by modification to various fatty acyl intermediates, then reduction to a primary alcohol, which may be acetylated or oxidized to produce an acetate ester or aldehyde, respectively. Our previous work on the moth Chloridea virescens (Noctuidae) showed that females produce 90% of the major pheromone component, (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11-16:Ald), via a direct and rapid route of de novo biosynthesis with highly labile intermediates, and ca. 10% from an indirect route that likely mobilizes a pre-synthesized 16-carbon skeleton, possibly, (Z)-11-hexadecenoate (Z11-16:Acyl) or hexadecanoate (16:Acyl). In this paper, we use stable isotope tracer/tracee techniques to study the dynamics of the precursor alcohol (Z)-11-hexadecenol (Z11-16:OH) and stores of Z11-16:Acyl and 16:Acyl to determine their roles in biosynthesis of Z11-16:Ald. We found: (i) that intracellular Z11-16:OH is synthesized at roughly the same rate as Z11-16:Ald, indicating that translocation and oxidation of this moiety does not rate limit biosynthesis of Z11-16:Ald, (ii) intracellular Z11-16:OH consists of two pools, a highly labile one rapidly translocated out of the cell and converted to Z11-16:Ald, and a less labile one that mostly remains in gland cells, (iii) during pheromone biosynthesis, net stores of Z11-16:Acyl increase, suggesting it is not the source of Z11-16:ald produced by the indirect route, and (iv) no evidence for the gland synthesizing stored 16:Acyl prior to (up to 2 days before eclosion), or after, synthesis of pheromone commenced, suggesting the bulk of this stored moiety is synthesized elsewhere and transported to the gland prior to gland maturation. Thus, the pheromone gland of C. virescens produces very little stored fat over its functional lifetime, being optimized to produce sex pheromone.
Geospatial approach to analyse the impact of urban development on the urban heat island in Hisar city, Western Haryana, India
Authors: Kumar Surender Kumar Dr. Surender , Ripudaman Ripudaman Dr. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The significant influence of urban development on land surface temperature (LST) was always evident. Here, a study of the temperature increases in Hisar city from 1991 to 2022 was conducted using Landsat data. The extent of thermal comfort in Hisar based on the urban thermal field variance index (UTFVI) was also evaluated. A land-use change map was used to calculate land-cover change, the NDVI was used to calculate vegetation coverage, and the NDBI was used to assess building cover. Over time, the UHI effect over Hisar city has significantly increased. It was found that built-up areas greatly affected the LST, especially at greater built-up densities. From 1991 to 2022, the minimum LST increased from 17.02°C to 37.40°C. Additionally, the highest temperature in 2022 increased to 47.24°C from 30.00°C in 1991. An inverse correlation was found between the LST and NDVI, which indicates that greenery has a debilitating effect on urban temperatures. However, the NDBI and LST, are positively correlated, indicating that urbanization intensifies the LST and causes the creation of urban heat islands (UHIs). The level of comfort for urban residents decreased during 1991–2022. Thus, urban heat management and sustainable city development require proper heat action plans.
Compact spaces homeomorphic to their respective squares
Authors: Dudák Jan , Vejnar Benjamin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

We deal with topological spaces homeomorphic to their respective squares. Primarily, we investigate the existence of large families of such spaces in some subclasses of compact metrizable spaces. As our main result we show that there is a family of size continuum of pairwise non-homeomorphic compact metrizable zero-dimensional spaces homeomorphic to their respective squares. This answers a question of W. J. Charatonik. We also discuss the situation in the classes of continua, Peano continua and absolute retracts.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 54E45, Secondary 54F15 and 54F99.
An improved disjunctive graph and deep reinforcement learning for FJSP
Authors: Shao Changshun , Yu Zhenglin , Tang Jianyin , Zhou Bin , Ding Hongchang , Ding Kaifang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In the current industrial manufacturing environment, the flexible job shop scheduling problem (FJSP), which is an extension of the job shop scheduling problem, holds significant research significance. While intelligent algorithms are commonly used to solve the FJSP problem, this paper proposes the use of reinforcement learning algorithms. The FJSP is first transformed into a Markov decision process, and an improved FJSP disjunction graph structure is introduced. Subsequently, 8 state features are designed, and a combination of gated attention network and multi-layer perceptron is employed to extract these features. For the decision-making processes of FJSP, a 3-tuple is designed as the action space. Finally, a reward function is formulated to optimize the objective of minimizing the maximum makespan. The training algorithm utilizes the Advantage Actor-Critic algorithm to establish an end-to-end deep reinforcement learning framework. Experimental results demonstrate that this algorithm exhibits significant advantages in terms of FJSP solution quality and efficiency. In conclusion, the reinforcement learning method proposed in this article presents a novel approach to address the FJSP problem and holds promising application prospects.
Interprofessional Care: an Approach to Enhance Care for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders by Enhancing Interprofessional Competencies
Authors: Nagelli Sunitha Solomon , M Ciraj A , Nayak Baby S , Noronha Judith Angelitta , Jose Tessy Treesa , Ladd Elissa , N Ravishankar , N Shashidhara Y , George Anice 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Interprofessional collaborative practice is an essential component of healthcare delivery, to address the many health conditions that require a multidisciplinary approach to care. The formation of an interprofessional team that can work together utilizing interprofessional competencies is needed to perform the function seamlessly. Interprofessional education is essential to develop a “practice-ready workforce”.
This study is aimed at designing and validating an interprofessional education module to integrate and improve interprofessional competencies among students of healthcare professions to care for children with autism.
This quasi experimental study was done among 49 students from four different healthcare professions courses. The module was prepared using scientific methods and implemented among the selected healthcare professions students. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires and an observation checklist. Using the mean, frequency and percentage, and t-test, data were analysed.
There was a significantly noticeable increase in the knowledge (pre-test mean 9.43 ± 2.92; post-test mean 12.27 ± 2.98) and competency (pre-test mean 76.98 ± 7.55; post-test mean 91.88 ± 5.31) scores with a moderately positive correlation between knowledge and competencies (p ≥ 0.05). The competency observation also showed an increase in the level of competency attained by the students. The study also aligned with the promotion of Sustainable Developmental Goals 3 “good health and well-being”, 4 “quality education” and 17 “partnerships for the goals”.
The preparation and application of the module is essential to augment the interprofessional competencies of students. The study showed that the prepared module on interprofessional care for children with autism was successful in improving the interprofessional competencies of the healthcare professions students.
Trial Registration Number
CTRI/2020/03/023838
An advanced IVB lung adenocarcinoma patient with KRAS mutations, benefited from camrelizumab combined with anti- angiogenic agents for therapy: a case report
Authors: 王 丽 , Wu Jiaqi , Shao Ping , Bao Wuping , Ma Cui , Mao Lin , Pan Zhendong , Bao Aihua , Zhang Min , Wu Zhenghua , Fan Guorong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Although the presence of Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) mutations predicts of a lack of benefit from epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy for none small cell cancer (NSCLC), it may be more sensitive to programmed combination therapy with cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors + anti-angiogenesis. Recent treatment guidelines and clinical studies related to adenocarcinoma in NSCLC have indicated that in patients with inoperable stage IV lung adenocarcinoma, immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with anti-angiogenic drugs may exert a synergistic effect and significantly improve the efficacy of near-term treatment, but quantification and long-term follow-up of specific clinical indicators are still lacking. No previous cases of long-term good results with camrelizumab combined with anti-angiogenic agents for KRAS-mutated NSCLC have been described.
Methods
This manuscript reports a case where patients with advanced NSCLC with pleural effusion and KRAS mutations treated poorly with conventional chemotherapy had long-term (more than 18 months) benefit with immunotherapy combined with an anti-angiogenic inhibitor. In this case, pharmaceutical care of the patient was carried out through therapeutic drug adjustment, compliance, efficacy assessment, and safety evaluation to provide a reference for improving the efficacy and safety of drug therapy in clinical practice.
Results
As of the last follow-up date (December 2023), overall survival was 27 months and the patient is currently in good general condition with no significant complaints of discomfort.
Conclusion
ICLs in combination with antiangiogenic therapy may be a therapeutic option for patients with KRAS mutations in advanced non-small cell lung cancer with good persistence.