bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review and meta-analysis of topical tranexamic acid in spine surgery
Authors: Izima Chiemela , Sampath Shailen G. , Tang Anthony J. , Ambati Vardhaan S. , Chou Dean , Chan Andrew K. 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic drug associated with reduced blood loss in a range of surgical specialties, including neurosurgery, orthopedic surgery, and cardiac surgery. Concerns about venous thromboembolism and seizures from intravenous (IV) TXA have led to increased use of topical TXA. Given the relative scarcity of the literature on topical TXA compared with that on IV TXA within neurosurgery, the authors aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the safety, efficacy, and optimal administration of topical TXA in a wide range of spinal procedures and pathologies.

METHODS
The PRISMA guidelines, Cochrane risk of bias tool, and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were used to extract randomized controlled trials and high-quality case-control and cross-sectional/cohort studies (adult studies only) from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase published between 2016 and 2023. Studies were analyzed by two independent reviewers for variables including dosage, TXA administration route, type of spine procedure, blood loss, adverse events including thromboembolism and infection, postoperative hemoglobin level, and hospitalization length. Pooled analysis comparing intraoperative and postoperative blood loss, postoperative hemoglobin levels, and hospitalization length of stay on the basis of route of TXA administration was conducted.

RESULTS
Four cohort studies, 1 cross-sectional study, 1 case-control study, and 12 randomized controlled trials, together involving 2045 patients, were included. The most common route of topical TXA administration was via TXA in saline solution. Other routes of topical TXA included retrograde injection and TXA-soaked Gelfoam. In pooled analysis, topical TXA significantly reduced visible blood loss (standardized mean difference [SMD] −0.22, 95% CI −0.45 to −0.00001), postoperative blood loss (SMD −1.63, 95% CI −2.03 to −1.22), and length of hospital stay (SMD −1.02, 95% CI −1.42 to −0.61), as well as higher postoperative hemoglobin (SMD 0.59, 95% CI 0.34–0.83), compared with non-TXA controls. No significant differences in outcomes were found between topical and IV TXA or between combined (topical and IV) and IV TXA. Thromboembolism and infection rates did not significantly differ between any TXA administration group and non-TXA controls.

CONCLUSIONS
In pooled analyses, topical TXA was associated with decreased perioperative blood loss in a wide range of scenarios, including cervical spine surgery and thoracolumbar trauma, as well as in patients with a thromboembolic history.
Effect of chronic antiplatelet therapy on clinical outcomes of endovascular thrombectomy for treatment of acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Dicpinigaitis Alis J. , Chowdhury Adeeb , Gagliardi Thomas A. , Soliman Zeina , Mahmoud Noor A. , Nolan Bridget , Clare Kevin , Willey Joshua Z. , Rostanski Sara K. , Medicherla Chaitanya , Patel Neisha , Kaur Gurmeen , Chong Ji Y. , Bowers Christian A. , Gandhi Chirag D. , Al-Mufti Fawaz 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of chronic antiplatelet therapy (APT) usage in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) treated with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). Long-term APT may enhance recanalization but may also predispose patients to an increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation.

METHODS
Weighted hospitalizations for anterior-circulation AIS treated with EVT were identified in a large United States claims-based registry. Baseline clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between patients with and without chronic APT usage prior to admission. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess adjusted associations between APT and study endpoints.

RESULTS
This analysis identified 36,560 patients, of whom 8170 (22.3%) were on a chronic APT regimen prior to admission. These patients were older and demonstrated a higher burden of comorbid disease, but had similar stroke severity on presentation in comparison with those not on APT. On unadjusted analysis, patients with prior APT demonstrated higher rates of favorable outcomes (24.3% vs 21.5%, p < 0.001), lower rates of mortality (7.0% vs 10.1%, p < 0.001), and lower rates of any intracranial hemorrhage (ICH; 20.3% vs 24.2%, p < 0.001), but no difference in rates of symptomatic ICH (sICH). Following multivariable adjustment for baseline clinical characteristics including age, acute stroke severity, and comorbidity burden, prior APT was associated with favorable outcome (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.21, 95% CI 1.17–1.24, p < 0.001) and a lower likelihood of mortality (aOR 0.73, 95% CI 0.70–0.77, p < 0.001), without an increased likelihood of ICH (any ICH aOR 0.84, 95% CI 0.81–0.87, p < 0.001; sICH aOR 0.92, 95% CI 0.82–1.03, p = 0.131).

CONCLUSIONS
Retrospective evaluation of patients with AIS treated with EVT using registry-based data demonstrated an association of prior APT usage with favorable outcomes, without an increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation.
Impact of premorbid oral anticoagulant use on survival in patients with traumatic intracranial hemorrhage
Authors: Botros David , Gautam Diwas , Hamrick Forrest A. , Nguyen Sarah , Cortez Janet , Young Jason B. , Lombardo Sarah , McCrum Marta L. , Menacho Sarah T. , Grandhi Ramesh 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
Although oral anticoagulant use has been implicated in worse outcomes for patients with a traumatic brain injury (TBI), prior studies have mostly examined the use of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). In an era of increasing use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in lieu of VKAs, the authors compared the survival outcomes of TBI patients on different types of premorbid anticoagulation medications with those of patients not on anticoagulation.

METHODS
The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of 1186 adult patients who presented at a level I trauma center with an intracranial hemorrhage after blunt trauma between 2016 and 2022. Patient demographics; comorbidities; and pre-, peri-, and postinjury characteristics were compared based on premorbid anticoagulation use. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression modeling of mortality was performed to adjust for risk factors that met a significance threshold of p < 0.1 on bivariate analysis.

RESULTS
Of 1186 patients with a traumatic intracranial hemorrhage, 49 (4.1%) were taking DOACs and 53 (4.5%) used VKAs at the time of injury. Patients using oral anticoagulants were more likely to be older (p < 0.001), to have a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (p < 0.001), and to present with a higher Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score (p < 0.001) and lower Injury Severity Score (ISS; p < 0.001) than those on no anticoagulation. Patients using VKAs were more likely to undergo reversal than patients using DOACs (53% vs 31%, p < 0.001). Cox proportional hazards regression demonstrated significantly increased hazard ratios (HRs) for VKA use (HR 2.204, p = 0.003) and DOAC use (HR 1.973, p = 0.007). Increasing age (HR 1.040, p < 0.001), ISS (HR 1.017, p = 0.01), and Marshall score (HR 1.186, p < 0.001) were associated with an increased risk of death. A higher GCS score on admission was associated with a decreased risk of death (HR 0.912, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
Patients with a traumatic intracranial injury who were on oral anticoagulant therapy before injury demonstrated higher mortality rates than patients who were not on oral anticoagulation after adjusting for age, comorbid conditions, and injury presentation.
Examining the safety profile of a standard dose tranexamic acid regimen in spine surgery
Authors: Setliff Joshua , Dalton Jonathan , Sadhwani Shaan , Tang Melissa Yunting , Mirvish Asher , Adida Samuel , Wawrose Richard , Lee Joon Y. , Fourman Mitchell S. , Shaw Jeremy D. 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
Perioperative blood loss during spinal surgery is associated with complications and in-hospital mortality. Weight-based administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) has the potential to reduce blood loss and related complications in spinal surgery; however, evidence for standardized dosing is lacking. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a standardized preoperative 2 g bolus TXA dosing regimen on perioperative transfusion, blood loss, thromboembolic events, and postoperative outcomes in spine surgery patients.

METHODS
An institutional review board approved this retrospective review of prospectively enrolled adult spine patients (> 18 years of age). Patients were included who underwent elective and emergency spine surgery between September 2018 and July 2021. Patients who received a standardized 2 g dose of TXA were compared to patients who did not receive TXA. The primary outcome measure was perioperative transfusion. Secondary outcomes included estimated blood loss and thromboembolic or other perioperative complications. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and continuous variables were analyzed with the two-tailed independent t-test, while categorical variables were analyzed with the Fisher’s exact test or chi-square test. Stepwise multivariate regression analysis was performed to examine independent risk factors for perioperative outcomes.

RESULTS
TXA was administered to 353 of 453 (78%) patients, and there were no demographic differences between groups. Although the TXA group had more operative levels and a longer operative time, the transfusion rate was not different between the TXA and no-TXA groups (7.4% vs 8%, p = 0.83). Stepwise multivariate regression found that the number of operative levels was an independent predictor of perioperative transfusion and that both operative levels and operative time were correlated with estimated blood loss. TXA was not identified as an independent predictor of any postoperative complication.

CONCLUSIONS
A standardized preoperative 2 g bolus TXA dosing regimen was associated with an excellent safety profile, and despite increased case complexity in terms of number of operative levels and operative time, patients treated with TXA did not require more blood transfusions than patients not treated with TXA.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PREMENOPAUSE
Authors: Suciawati Anni , Dinengsih Sri , Yani Baiti 
Published: October 2023

Pendahuluan: wanita premenopause akan mengalami masalah dari ketidakteraturan siklus haid, gejolak panas biasa dikeluhkan gerah pada leher sampai wajah, keringat malam, vagina kering/kesat, insomnia (sulit tidur), kencing tidak teratur, penurunan gairah seksual. World Health Organization (WHO) memperkirakan pada tahun 2030 ada sekitar 1,2 miliar perempuan yang berusia di atas 50 tahun meningkat sekitar 3%. Tujuan Penelitian : Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup Premenopause di Desa Bangun Negara Kecamatan Pesisir Selatan Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2023. Metode Penelitian : Desain penelitian menggunakan Cross Sectional. Populasi sebanyak 114 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Total Sampling yang artinya seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel. Analisa data Univariat dan Bivariat. Hasil Penelitian : yang mengalami kualitas hidup baik sebanyak 74 (65%) sedangkan yang kualitas hidup kurang baik sebanyak 40 (35%). Hasil uji statistik ada hubungan yang signifikan antara status pernikahan (P = 0,002), pendidikan (P =0,001), pekerjaan (P = 0,001), jumlah anak (P = 0,015) dan dukungan keluarga (P = 0,000) dengan kualitas hidup premenopause. Kesimpulan dan Saran : Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara status pernikahan, pendidikan, pekerjaan, jumlah anak dan dukungan keluarga dengan kualitas hidup Premenopause di Desa Bangun Negara Kecamatan Pesisir Selatan Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2023. Di sarankan bagi wanita Premenopause dengan melakukan jalan pagi bersama, senam dan olah raga ringan, medikal chek-up serta memperhatikan kebutuhan gizi dan nutrisi yang seimbang
PERBANDINGAN NYERI PERSALINAN PADA IBU YANG MENDAPATKAN PIJAT OKSITOSIN DENGAN PIJAT ENDORPHIN
Authors: Kundaryanti Rini , Rizkiyani Evi , Siauta Jenny Anna 
Published: October 2023

Latar belakang: Nyeri persalinan menjadi masalah dalam proses persalinan. Salah satu cara menurunkan nyeri persalinan yaitu pijat oksitosin dan pijat endorphin. Berdasarkan data dari RSUD ‘T’ Jakarta Selatan pada tahun 2022 ditemukan 38% pasien Atas Permintaan Sendiri (APS) meminta untuk tindakan operasi SC dikarenakan nyeri saat proses persalinan. Tujuan: Mengetahui perbandingan nyeri persalinan pada ibu bersalin yang mendapatkan pijat oksitosin dengan pijat endorphin. Metode: Quasy experiment dengan rancangan pretest-posttest with control group design. Sampel dalam penelitian adalah inpartu kala 1 fase aktif sebanyak 30 responden. Analisis data menggunakan uji paired sample t-test yang sebelumnya dilakukan uji normalitas dan homogenitas. Hasil penelitian: Nyeri persalinan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian pijat oksitosin mengalami penurunan dengan selisih nilai mean 4,40 nyeri persalinan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian pijat endorphin mengalami penurunan dengan selisih nilai mean sebesar 3,06. Adapun hasil dependen t-test pijat oksitosin (p value 0,00) dan pijat endorphin (p value 0,00). Dan hasil independen t-test dengan p value 0,006. Kesimpulan dan Saran: Pijat oksitosin lebih efektif mengurangi nyeri persalinan daripada pijat endorphin. Diharapkan bidan dapat memberikan terapi komplementer pijat oksitosin sebagai salah satu upaya mengurangi nyeri persalinan pada ibu bersalin.
HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI DENGAN PERILAKU PEMBATASAN CAIRAN PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIS YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS
Authors: Rahman Zakiah , Khariroh Syamilatul , Rozi Fakhrur 
Published: October 2023

Pendahuluan: Kerusakan ginjal yang terjadi dalam waktu lama (menahun) ditandai dengan penurunan fungsi ginjal menyaring darah dibukti dari penurunan laju filtrasi glomerulus. sehingga harus dilakukan hemodialisa untuk menjaga keseimbangan cairan didalam tubuh. Pasien yang menjalani hemodialisa penting melakukan pembatasan cairan, hal ini dipengaruhi oleh motivasi pasien untuk menjaga kesehatannya. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui hubungan motivasi dengan perilaku pembatasan cairan pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisis di RSUD Raja Ahmad Thabib. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 38 orang dengan tehnik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling, penelitian ini dilakukan pada pasien gagl ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisa di RSUD Raja Ahmad Thabib. Alat pengumpul data menggunakan kuisioner motivasi dan prilaku pembatasan cairan. Analisa data secara univariat dan bivariat dengan chi square. Hasil: didapatkan pasien hemodialisa 57,9% motivasi rendah dan 55,9% memiliki perilaku pembatasan cairan buruk, dengan p-value, 0,001(<0,05), artinya ada hubungan motivasi dengan perilaku pembatasan cairan pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisa. Kesimpulan dan Saran: Pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisis dengan memiliki motivasi rendah, memiliki perilaku pembatasan cairan buruk dan motivasi yang tinggi memiliki perilaku prilaku pembatasan yang baik. saran : pasien yang menjalani hemodialisa agar meningkatkan motivasi dalam menjaga masukan cairan sehingga kualitas hidup pasien lebih baik.
ANALISIS KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA IBU HAMIL TERHADAP KEJADIAN PREEKLAMSIA DI RS X
Authors: Putri Novia Rita , Amir Eka Fitri , Julianawati Tinta 
Published: October 2023

Pendahuluan: Preeklamsia merupakan gangguan kesehatan yang terjadi khususnya pada masa kehamilan dan dapat mempengaruhi kesejahteraan ibu dan janin. Preeklampsia dapat menjadi kondisi yang mengancam jiwa dengan hemolisis yang meluas, peningkatan enzim hati, jumlah trombosit yang rendah, dan peningkatan hemoglobin bebas (Hb). Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar hemoglobin pada ibu hamil dengan kejadian preeklampsia di RS Graha Hermine Kota Batam. Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian komparatif Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah sistematik random sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil dengan preeklampsia di RS Graha Hermine Kota Batam periode Januari-September 2022 sebanyak 100 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan Oktober dengan menggunakan data dari riwayat Kesehatan Hasil Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi Square menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kadar hemoglobin pada ibu hamil dengan preeklampsia adalah 12,21 g/dL, sedangkan preeklampsia berat mencapai 13,83 g/dL dengan p<0,05 (0,000). Diskusi Terdapat perbedaan kadar hemoglobin yang bermakna pada kejadian preeklampsia.
Correlating exciton coherence length, localization, and its optical lineshape
Authors: Bittner Eric , Silva Carlos , Shah S. A. , Li Hao 
Published: October 2023

The lineshapes of spectroscopic transitions offer windows into the local environment of a system. Here, we present a novel approach for connecting the lineshape of a molecular exciton to finite-temperature lattice vibrations. Our results are based upon an exact, self-consistent treatment of a continuous model in which thermal effects are introduced as fluctuations about the zero-temperature localized soliton state. Two parameters enter our model: the exciton band-width \((J)\) and the exciton reorganization energy \(\mu\). Our model bridges the strongly localized limit where the exciton homogeneous line width is observed to be independent of temperature and the molecular aggregate limit in which the line width increases linearly in temperature.
Isoniazid resistance profile in rifampicin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Shareef Naomee , Saleh Ahmed Abu , Ibne Sattar Abu Naser , Anwar Shaheda 
Published: October 2023

Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a global public health problem. Rifampicin (RIF) resistance has been used as a surrogate marker for MDR-TB but isoniazid (INH) resistance within RIF resistance cases is little known. This study aimed to determine the proportion of INH resistance among RIF-resistant MTB.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, from March 2021 to February 2022, 53 RIF-resistant MTB isolates in sputum samples detected by Xpert-MTB RIF assay were enrolled. All samples were tested for mutation in katG (codon 315) and inhA promoter (-5, -8, -15 and -16) genes to detect INH resistance by real-time PCR. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS (version 26).
Results: Out of 53 RIF-resistant samples, 15.1% were sensitive to INH, and the rest had concomitant resistance to INH. The proportion of newly diagnosed and previously treated cases was nearly equal, and most of the previously treated cases (92.9%) received treatment regularly. INH-resistant cases were mostly previously treated (55.5%), whereas sensitive cases were mostly newly diagnosed (62.5%). KatG was found to be the prominent mutation, with or without in combination with inhA mutation.
Conclusion: A considerable number of RIF-resistant isolates did not show concomitant resistance to INH. Most of the INH-resistant isolates were associated with katG mutation. Evaluation of INH resistance before using high-dose INH will help to avoid dose-dependent toxicity in MDR-TB patients.
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(3): 160-166
Association of single nucleotide polymorphism in patatin like phopholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3) gene with paediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Alam Rubaiyat , Fathema Kaniz , Rukunuzzaman Md , Nahid Khan Lamia , Mahbuba Sharmin , Akram Lubana , Sattar Abu Naser Ibne 
Published: October 2023

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most unabating cause of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents. This study aimed to examine the association of single nucleotide polymorphism in patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3) gene with paediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted from June 2021 to December 2022. Fifty-one overweight children aged 6–17 years were recruited in this study and divided into NAFLD (cases) and non-NAFLD (controls) groups based on hepatic steatosis detected by liver ultrasonography. We analysed the rs738409 polymorphism by TaqMan assay and examined its association with NAFLD.
Results: Thirty-one (60.8%) children were in the case group and 20 (39.2%) children were in the control group. Alanine aminotransferase (P<0.001) and triglycerides (P=0.02) were found to be significantly higher in cases. However, no significant association was found between the PNPLA3 rs738409 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the presence of NAFLD in children.
Conclusion: Our study didn't find any association between PNPLA3 rs 738409 single nucleotide polymorphisms and presence of NAFLD in children, but we discovered that high alanine aminotransferase and triglycerides level can be useful in screening overweight children for NAFLD.

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(3): 139-143
Pierson syndrome presenting as Alport syndrome: A case report
Authors: Santa Samina Masud , Diba Tahmina Akter , Mamun Abdullah Al , Begum Afroza , Haque Syed Saimul 
Published: October 2023

Pierson syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder, characterised by congenital nephrotic syndrome and progressive renal failure. Patient of this syndrome may have some ocular abnormalities. We report a 46 month old girl with Pierson syndrome whose renal biopsy showed features suggestive of Alport syndrome. Genetic study report showed laminin b2 (LAMB2) mutation which presents as nephrotic syndrome, type 5 with or without ocular abnormalities and Pierson syndrome, and tripartite motif containing8 (TRIM8) mutation which presents with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and neurodevelopmental syndrome. The patient was given supportive therapy.
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(3): 178-181
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK PERUSAHAAN DAN DEWAN KOMISARIS TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN ANTI KORUPSI PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Permatasari Sinta Yulia , Prastiwi Andri 
Published: October 2023

The anti-corruption program is the company's initial defense strategy against corruption. Therefore, the disclosure and transparency of these programs is a commitment in illuminating corruption and improving the ethical behavior of management, employees, partners, agents and other related parties of the company. This study aims to analyze the effect of company characteristics and the board of commissioners on corporate anti-corruption disclosures. The research objects are manufacturing sector companies listed on the IDX in 2020 and 2021. The sampling method is purposive sampling with a sample of 100 companies. Data collection uses research instruments, data analysis is quantitative/statistical in nature with the aim of testing the established hypotheses. Methods of data analysis using SPSS version 25.0. This study found that company size, company age, net profit margin, and board of commissioners have a positive effect on anti-corruption disclosure.
Keywords: Anti-corruption Disclosure, Company Characteristics, Board of Commissioners, Manufacturing Companies