bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erythropoietic enhancing activity (EEA) secreted by the human cell line, GCT
Authors: Abboud Camille N. , Dipersio John F. , Brennan James K. , Lichtman Marshall A. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractMedium conditioned by the monocyte‐like cell line GCT contains colony‐stimulating activity (CSA), a mediator of in vitro granulopoiesis. Also, the conditioned medium (CM) contains erythroid‐enhancing activity (EEA), which can be demonstrated in a system utilizing either nonadherent marrow or blood mononuclear cells, erythropoietin (1–2 units/ml), and 20 ml/dl fetal calf serum. Under these conditions, GCT CM enhances the growth of CFU‐E and BFU‐E. Attempts were made to characterize the molecular features of EEA. Serum‐free GCT cell CM was fractionated on Sephacryl S200 and Ultrogel AcA54. EEA and CSA cochromatographed with apparent molecular weights of ∼ 40,000 daltons on Sephacryl and ∼ 30,000 daltons on Ultrogel. Fractionation on DEAE Sephacel led to an apparent separation of CSA from EEA; however, when diluted, the fractions containing CSA had EEA. Undiluted fractions containing potent CSA inhibited erythropoiesis; however, dilution of these fractions resulted in marked EEA. Diluted crude GCT CM and DEAE Sephacel fractions enriched in EEA were also capable of sustaining BFU‐E in liquid culture and mediating erythropoietin‐independent colony growth. CSA could not be unequivocally separated from EEA on concanavalin A‐Sepharose, since the diluted void volume containing CSA also had EEA. EEA was present in CM boiled for 60 minutes, whereas CSA was markedly reduced but not abolished. The inverse relationship between CSA concentration and EEA mandates dilution of fractions when bioassayed for these two activities. Although CSA and EEA are similar in molecular weight, they appear to be partially separable by ion‐exchange chromatography and heat stability.
The extracellular matrix and the control of proliferation of vascular endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Gospodarowicz D. , Vlodavsky I. , Savion N. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractIn this short review we describe the observations which have led us to conclude that one of the most important components involved in modulating cell proliferation in vitro, and probably in vivo as well, may be the extrac‐cellular matrix upon which cells rest.
Inhibition of cell proliferation and protease activity by cartilage factors and heparin
Authors: Hatcher Victor B. , Tsien Grace , Oberman Martin S. , Burk Peter G. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractProliferating rat smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts have membrane‐associated protease activity. High concentrations of heparin inhibited membrane‐associated protease activity and cell proliferation, while low concentration of heparin promoted smooth muscle cell proliferation. The inhibition of protease activity and proliferation was abolished when heparin was treated with protamine sulfate or when acid treated fetal calf serum was used. Heparin required the presence of an acid labile factor(s) in serum for the inhibition of protease activity and proliferation. Heparin and antithrombin III in the presence of acid‐treated fetal calf serum did not inhibit cell proliferation or protease activity. Cartilage factors isolated from bovine nasal cartilage containing trypsin inhibitory activity, but not papain inhibitory activity, inhibited rat smooth muscle and fibroblast proliferation and surface associated protease activity. The cartilage factors did not require acid‐labile components in the fetal calf serum for the inhibitory activity. The inhibitory activity due to heparin and cartilage factors was not permanent under our experimental condition. Protein synthesis was not inhibited by heparin or the cartilage factors. In rat smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts, the expression of surface‐associated protease activity was related to the proliferative state of the cells. Surface protease activity was only present on proliferating cells. When surface protease activity was inhibited by high concentrations of heparin in the presence of an acid‐labile serum component(s) or cartilage factors, cell proliferation was also inhibited.
In vitro characteristics of metastatic variant subclones of restricted genetic origin
Authors: Talmadge James E. , Starkey Jean R. , Stanford David R. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWe have studied several metastatic variant cell lines derived from a common clonal origin and their transformed and untransformed parental cell lines. A number of in vitro characteristics were examined for each tumor line and these properties were correlated with the ability of the tumor cells to form pulmonary nodules in an experimental metastasis assay.Direct correlations with metastatic behavior in the lung colony assay were found to exist with the amount of cell‐bound Concanavalin A and the procoagulant activities of cell lysates. In vitro parameters that did not correlate with the metastatic phenotype were: population doubling times in culture, saturation density achieved in culture, the number of colony‐forming cells shed from confluent cultures, rates of cellular attachment to homotypic or heterotypic cell monolayers, plasminogen‐activator production and procoagulant activity produced in serum‐free conditioned medium.
Spin label studies of erythrocytes with abnormal lipid composition: comparison of red cells in a hereditary hemolytic syndrome and lecithin: Cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency
Authors: Godin David V. , Herring F. Geoffrey 
Published: May 2005

AbstractErythrocytes from patients with familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency have been shown to exhibit an increase in membrane fluidity which is surprisingly small in view of the extensive alterations both in membrane lipicl composition (namely, an elevation in cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine contents as well as a decrease in phosphatidylethanolamine) and in the functional properties of these cells. In the hope of deriving some information concerning the interrelationship between the structural and functional abnormalities, we have used the spin probe 5‐doxyl stearic acid to investigate the temperature‐dependent fluidity properties of red cells from two patients with a hereditary hemolytic syndrome (HHS) whose red cells are also characterized by qualitatively similar alterations in phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine but, unlike those in LCAT deficiency, have relatively normal levels of membrane cholesterol. A small increase in membrane fluidity of HHS erythrocytes equivalent to that previously observed in LCAT deficiency was found, indicating that membrane cholesterol level does not exert an important modulatory influence on membrane fluidity in these cells. It is concluded that while the distinct patterns of structural and functional erythrocyte alterations in these two disorders cannot be explained on the basis of differences in bulk membrane fluidity, the marginally increased fluidity may underlie the abnormalities in osmotic fragility and membrane p‐nitrophenylphosphatase activity which are shared in common by both types of modified red cells.
Normal and neoplastic lymphocyte maturation
Authors: Weissman I. L. , McGrath M. S. , Pillemer E. , Hollander N. , Rouse R. V. , Jerabek L. , Stevens S. K. , Scollay R. G. , Butcher E. G. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractLymphocytes arc cells that are responsible for processes of specific antigen recognition and for those aspects of the immune response that characterize adaptive immunity. In this respect adaptive immunity can be characterized as antigen‐induced immune memory and effector functions as compared to native immunity – the nonspecific phagocytic and humoral protective elements in lower vertebrates. In vertebrates both B and T lymphocytes apparently express self‐synthesized receptors that (1) are involved in the recognition of antigens, and (2) mediate the interactions between various important cells in the hematolymphoid system. There are three major subclasses of T lymphocytes – those involved with helper/inducer functions, those involved with suppressor functions, and those involved in direct cytotoxicity of antigenic target cells [1,2].
I‐A Mutation resulted in a selective loss of an antigen‐specific Ir gene function
Authors: Lin C. Shirley , Rosenthal Alan S. , Hansen Ted H. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe immune responses to several antigens were compared in the I‐A mutant mouse strain B6.C‐H‐2bm12 and the wild‐type strain C57BL/6. With a lymph node cell proliferation assay, the response to two of these antigens, beef insulin and (TG)A‐L, was demonstrated to be controlled by a gene in the I‐Ab region. B6.C‐H‐2bm12 mice failed to respond to beef insulin, while their responses to (TG)A‐L, DNP‐OVA and PPD were comparable with those of the wild‐type strain C57BL/6. Taken together with previous studies, these data suggest that the product of a single pleiotropic I‐A gene, an la molecule, functions as a histocompatibility, la, and MLR antigen, as well as a necessary component for Ir gene function. Furthermore, the data reported here demonstrate that la molecules have multiple functional “Ir determinants,” one of which has been altered in the B6.C‐H‐2bm12 mutant. The B6.C‐H‐2bm12 mice, therefore, represent a powerful analytical tool for the understanding of the cellular and molecular basis for Ir gene control of the immune response.
Ligatin binds phosphohexose residues on acidic hydrolases
Authors: Jakoi E. R. , Kempe K. , Gaston S.M. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractLigatin, a receptor that recognizes phosphorylated sugars, was isolated from plasma membranes of mouse macrophages, rat ileum, and rat brain. Several acidic hydrolases including N‐acetyl β‐D‐glucosaminidase (β‐NAG) were solubilized with this receptor. The solubilized β‐NAG bound to ligatin in vitro as demonstrated by affinity chromatography using the immobilized receptor. β‐N‐Acetyl D‐glucosaminidase‐ligatin complexes were dissociated by low concentrations of mannose 6‐phosphate (Man6P) and/or glucose 1‐phosphate (Glc 1P). The effectiveness of these two phosphomonosaccharides varied depending on the source of the enzyme: ileal β‐NAG‐ligatin complexes showed a four‐fold preferential dissociation with Man6P; macrophage complexes showed a 160‐fold preferential dissociation with Glc 1P. Brain complexes dissociated with nearly equal preference for Man6P and Glc 1P. Heterologous complexes displayed the specificity characteristic of the source of the enzyme regardless of the source of the ligatin. Treatment of the solubilized hydrolases with endoglucosaminidase H released phosphorous‐32 label from these enzymes and prevented binding of β‐NAG to ligatin. However, treatment of the solubilized hydrolases with alkaline phosphatase reduced the binding of β‐NAG to ligatin by no more than 30%. This apparent resistance of β‐NAG to dephosphorylation was consistent with the chromatographic behavior on QAE of 3H‐labeled acidic oligosaccharides isolated from the solubilized hydrolases. The oligosaccharides that contain phosphorylated hexose were less acidic than phosphomonoesters and were insensitive to alkaline phosphatase until subjected to acid hydrolysis. These results suggested the presence of a phosphodiester on β‐NAG analogous to the NAC glucosamine 1 P6 mannose present on β‐glucuronidase isolated from mouse lymphoma cells (Tabas I, Kornfeld, S: J Biol Chem 255: 6633, 1980).
Aggregation of sponge cells: Immunological characterization of the species‐specific geodia aggregation factor
Authors: Conrad Jürgen , Zahn Rudolf K. , Kurelec Branko , Uhlenbruck Gerd , Müller Werner E. G. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAntibodies were raised against the purified aggregation factor from Geodia cydonium in order to clarify its function during cell aggregation in the homologous and heterologous system. These antibodies inhibited only cell aggregation in the homologous Geodia system and were inactive in the heterologous Tethya lyncurium system. These findings directly indicated that the species‐specific reaggregation of sponge cells was initiated by the soluble aggregation factor as already assumed in earlier studies. The amount of neutralizing antibodies was determined by a precipitation reaction with the antigen in capillaries and by microdiffusion. By using the latter technique we got evidence that the Geodia aggregation factor contained a component that was antigenetically related to a galactose‐specific lectin present in Geodia cydonium.
Praktische Erfahrungen über das Korrosionsschutzverhalten der Anstrichbezinkung
Authors: Sagel Hans 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAllgemeines über Zinkanstrichmittel; Verarbeitungstechnische Erfordernisse; Vorbehandlung der Eisenoberfläche.Vergleichende Gegenüberstellung von Testergebnissen mit unterschiedlichen Zinkstaubfarben nach verschiedenen Testverfahren.Praktische Erfahrungen mit Zinkstaubfarben im allgemeinen Stahlhochbau, bei Freiluftkonstruktionen und in der Stahlblech‐verarbeitenden Industrie.
Untersuchungen über das Korrosionsverhalten von Aluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen gegenüber organischen und anorganischen Basen
Authors: Bukowiecki A. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractIn der vorliegenden Abhandlung wird auf Grund von bei 20°C durchgeführten 73stündigen Korrosionsversuchen mit verschiedenen Aluminiumwerkstoffen die aluminiumangreifende Wirkung organischer Basen mit der anorganischer verglichen. Die Aggressivität der untersuchten Basen nimmt in der anorganischer verglichen. Die Aggressivität der untersuchten Basen nimmt in der Reihenfolge Natriumhydroxyd, Methylamin, Aethylamin, n‐Butylamin, Ammoniak, Triäthanolamin, Natriumcarbonat, Calciumhydroxyd, Hydrazin ab. Die Korrosionsfälligkeit einzelner Werkstoffe vermindert sich entsprechend der Reihe Reinaluminium Al 99,3, Reinstaluminium Raffinal Raf W (über 99,99% Al), Anticorodal Ac B, Avional Av‐23 V, Perunal Pu V und Peraluman Pe‐30 W. Bei jedem Gemisch Base/Wasser besteht eine kritische Konzentration, bei welcher die Intensität des Angriffs auf Aluminium ein Maximum erreicht. Sehr konzentrierte Basen wirken nur ganz schwach, wasserfreie Basen kaum aluminiumangreifend. Zwischen den Korrosionseigenschaften der einzelnen Basen und ihrem pH‐Wert bzw. ihrer elektrischen Leitfähigkeit bestehen keine eindeutigen Zusammenhänge.
Untersuchungen an einer zahnärztlichen Gold‐Platin‐Legierung
Authors: Yamaguchi S. , Tsuchiya T. , Nishikawa M. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractDie Legierung, die auch eine gewisse Menge Silicium enthält, besteht aus Mischkristallen mit Einschlüssen intermetallischer Verbindungen. Bei der Wärmebehandlung (zur Entladung) entsteht an der Oberfläche eine SiO2‐Schicht, die einerseits als Haftmittel für das Dentalporzellan dient und andererseits bei Kontakt mit Speichel in einen kolloidalen Zustand übergeht, so daß ein physiologisch einwandfreies Verhalten erreicht wird.
Die Ermittlung der Beständigkeit gegen Spannungsrißkorrosion (SpRK) von hochlegierten Sonderstählen in chloridhaltigen wäßrigen Medien
Authors: Brücken Volker , Rockel Manfred B. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractDie nichtrostenden Stähle auf Basis 18 Cr 10 Ni(Mo) sind durch Höherlegieren mit Cr, Ni und Mo weiterentwickelt worden. Das Spannungsrißkorrosionsverhalten dieser hochlegierten Stähle wurde in praxisnahen Prüfmedien ermittelt, da die Beständigkeit gegenüber Spannungsrißkorrosion (SpRK) teilweise noch ungeklärt ist. SpRK‐Versuche an Bügelproben in siedender 62%iger CaCl2‐Lösung ergaben eine gute Differenzierung in Abhängigkeit vom Ni‐ und Mo‐Gehalt. Mit zunehmendem Ni‐Gehalt wird die SpRK‐Anfälligkeit der Sonderstähle zu längeren Standzeiten verschoben, wobei Legierungen mit ≧ 42‐Masse% Nickel beständig sind. Sonderstähle mit hohem Molybdängehalt verhalten sich gegenüber Stählen mit niedrigem Molybdängehalt SpRK‐resistenter. Diese Ergebnisse konnten an Rundzugproben unter konstanter Last und potentiostatischen Bedingungen in siedender 62% CaCl2‐Lösung bestätigt werden. Die an den Sonderstählen mit 25% Ni und an den Ni‐Basislegierungen registrierten Freien Korrosionspotentiale liegen in dem potentiostatisch ermittelten SpRK‐unempfindlichen Bereich. Der hochmolybdänhaltige Sonderstahl X 2 NiCrMoCu 25 20 6 (1.4529) weist das gleiche sehr anodisch liegende kritische SpRK‐Potential auf wie die Ni‐Legierung NiCr 21 Mo (2.4858). Der Superferrit X 1 CrNiMoNb 28 4 2 (1.4575) und der austenitisch‐ferritische Stahl X 2 CrNiMoN 22 5 (1.4462) zeigten in beiden Versuchen das entsprechend vom Stahl X 10 CrNiMoTi 18 19 (1.4571) bekannte ungünstige SpRK‐Verhalten. Untersuchungen in siedender 4 m NaCl (Erlenmeyerkolben) ergaben auch unter verschärften Versuchsbedingungen aufgrund der Versuchsanordnung keine SpRK. Der große Einfluß des Sauerstoffgehaltes wurde in Autoklavenversuchen mit definierten Sauerstoff‐ und Chloridkonzentrationen nachgewiesen. Die SpRK‐Beständigkeit der Stähle nimmt bei Luftsättigung (8 … 10 ppm O2) ab, wobei die Chloridkonzentration (200 und 2000 ppm Cl−) keinen wesentlichen Einfluß ausübt. Bügelproben sollten bei SpRK‐Untersuchungen den Erichsenproben vorgezogen werden. Metallographisch und rasterelektronenmikroskopisch konnten die für die SpRK charakteristischen Bruchmerkmale festgestellt werden.
Elektrochemische Methode zur Prüfung des Korrosionsverhaltens austenitischer CrNiMo‐Stähle im Schweißnahtbereich
Authors: Voigt C. , Riedel G. , Werner H. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractSchweißverbindungen von austenitischen CrNiMo‐Stählen können durch Seigerungen und Ausscheidungen in der Wärmeeinfluß‐, Hochtemperaturzone und im Schweißgut gegenüber dem Grundwerkstoff loch‐ und spaltkorrosionsanfälliger sein.Geeignete Prüfmethoden sind zur Optimierung von Schweißtechnologien notwendig. Eingeführt sind Potentialvergleiche aus Potential‐Weg‐Kurven (DIN 50 919), Vergleich kritischer Lochkorrosionstemperaturen in FeCl3‐ oder anderen Modelllösungen, visuelle Beurteilung nach Dauerbelastungstest mit oder ohne elektrochemischer Belastung.Vorgestellt wird eine kleine Aufsatzmeßzelle mit Rückseitenheizung und zirkulierendem und temperierbarem Elektrolyten, mit Hilfe derer einzelne Bereiche einer Schweißnaht elektrochemisch belastet werden können.Getestet werden Schweißverbindungen von Werkstoffen X2CrNiMoN 17 12 2 (1.4406), X2CrNiMoN 17 13 5 (1.4439) und X1NiCrMoCu 31 27 4 (2.4563) in sauren NaCl‐Lösungen im Bereich 25–75°C. Grenzpotentiale der Lochkorrosion werden abgestuft für Grundwerkstoff, Wärmeeinflußzone und Schweißgut erhalten. Ein Einfluß der Streckenenergie ist angedeutet, statistisch aber nicht gesichert.
Dimethyl ether chemical ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Burrows Elizabeth P. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe uses of dimethyl ether (DME) as an unusual positive ion reagent for chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS) are reviewed. The fragment–molecule adducts formed by ion–molecule reactions of organic substrates with the ionized gas are highly characteristic for the substrates and frequently can be used to differentiate among isomers. The fragmentation mechanisms of the adducts have been studied by collision‐induced dissociation and with deuterium labeling, and, in some cases, are well‐understood. DME CIMS has been applied to a wide variety of classes of organic compounds, including substituted aromatics, amino alcohols, lactones, lactams, polyethylene glycols, benzodiazepines, azepines, trichothecenes, and certain alkaloids, nucleoside antibiotics, and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Verschleiß bei gleichzeitiger elektrochemischer Beanspruchung: Korrosionsverschleiß
Authors: Wiegand H. , Broszeit E. , Hirth F. W. , Speckhardt H. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractEs wird über erste Versuche aus dem Gebiet des Korrosionsverschleißes berichtet, die durch Schadensfälle in der Praxis angeregt wurden. Das Besondere dabei scheint zu sein, daß man bisher der kombinierten mechanisch‐chemischen Beanspruchung auf dem Gebiet des Verschleißes zu wenig Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt hat, so daß durch Korrosionsverschleiß hervorgerufene Schäden häufig nicht als solche erkannt werden, sondern ihre Ursachen nur in einem mechanischen Verschleiß (abrasiv oder adhäsiv) oder unter Umständen noch in einem chemischen Angriff gesehen werden.
Plattiertes Grobblech mit Titan‐Auflage
Authors: Pircher H. , Pennenkamp R. , Sussek G. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractDie Arbeit befaßt sich mit Fragen der Herstellung sowie den Verarbeitungs‐ und Gebrauchseigenschaften von plattierten Grobblechen. Erörtert werden die wesentlichen Merkmale von Sprengplattierungen, u. a. wird über Versuche mit höherfestem Titan der Gruppe II berichtet.Großformatige Bleche mit Titan‐Auflagedicken von 1,5 bis 3 mm werden über einen neuentwickelten Fertigungsweg durch Warmwalzen von sprengplattiertem Halbzeug hergestellt. Mit Warm‐ und Kaltumformungen, Untersuchungen zum Korrosionsverhalten sowie der erfolgreichen schweißtechnischen Erprobung wird gezeigt, daß die neuartige Plattierung den Anforderungen bezüglich der Verarbeitbarkeit voll genügt.
Identification of chemical warfare agent in air samples using capillary column gas chromatography with three simultaneous detectors
Authors: Kaipainen Antti , Kostiainen Olli , Riekkkola Marja‐Liisa 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAn identification method for chemical warfare agents using a capillary column gas chromatograph equipped with a thermal desorption cold trap injector and three different detectors is describ ed. The most reliable identification parameters were the retention indices. The relative photoinonization detector/flame ionization detector response ratios normalized to aniline gave additional information about all compounds, whereas the response ratios calculated for the thermionic flame ionization and thermionic photo‐ionization detection gave reliable results only for the nerve agents soman and tabun.
The need for levodopa as an end point of Parkinson's disease progression in a clinical trial of selegiline and α‐tocopherol
Authors: LeWitt Peter , Oakes David , Cui Lu ,   The Parkinson Study Group
Published: May 2005

AbstractProgression of Parkinson's disease (PD) can be detected through changes in clinical ratings or disability assessments. A clinical trial, Deprenyl and Alpha‐Tocopherol Antioxidative Therapy of Parkinsonism (DATATOP), used a novel study end point: increase in parkinsonian disability to the extent that investigators determined the need for treatment with levodopa. We analyzed DATATOP results to learn if this operationally defined end point could be reproduced from elements of the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) and other conventional clinical scales. Our analysis involved UPDRS, Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living (S‐E ADL), and Hoehn andYahr (H‐Y) scores when DATATOP subjects reached the study end point. Various UPDRS components were examined, including subscores measuring severity of impaired ADL, bradykinesia, postural instability and gait difficulty, tremor, and rigidity. Data from subjects reaching the end point were compared with assessments of those DATATOP subjects who did not, matched for the same duration of enrollment. All measures showed subjects who reached the end point had significantly greater mean impairment than did controls, although the two groups had substantial overlap. Multivariate analysis by using conditional logistic regression suggested that the end point was determined more by functional (S‐E ADL and the UPDRS ADL scores) than by clinical examination criteria. The method of classification and regression trees suggested a simple decision tree splitting, respectively, on S‐E ADL, UPDRS ADL, H‐Y score, and UPDRS ADL again, with an estimated overall misclassification probability of 18%. We conclude that the DATATOP end point cannot be fully reproduced from the traditional clinical measures, although it can give results that are consistent with these scales in a well‐designed clinical trial.
15N NMR spectra of pyrimidine and [1,3‐15N2]pyrimidine
Authors: Adams C. M. , Von Philipsborn W. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe fully proton‐coupled 15N NMR spectra of pyrimidine with natural isotope abundance and of bis‐labelled [1,3‐15N2]pyrimidine, obtained using single pulse experiments, are described. The 15N and 1H spectra are analysed for 2J, 3J and 4J(NH) as well as N,N and H,H coupling constants.