bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Doubly curved aperture antenna shape prediction with the use of network‐based predictors
Authors: Punhani Amitesh , Washington Gregory , Theunissen Wilhelmus H. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe main objective of this work is to predict the shape of an antenna subreflector that produces a desired radiation far‐field pattern by utilizing artificial intelligence and other methodologies. In this study the size of the radiation beam is kept constant while it is steered throughout the domain. Three different methodologies or constructs are used to develop this model: Neural networks, batch least squares, and recursive least squares. The accuracy of a method is measured by the sum‐squared error of the training examples. During training the variables inside of the constructs are varied, so that the predicted aperture shape matches the actual shape. The networks predicted the antenna reflector shape at an average accuracy of over 97%, the maximum being 99.78%. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 156–163, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10263
Electromagnetic properties measurements of ferromagnetic materials using microstrip
Authors: Hinojosa J. , Cottevieille D. , Le Mehaute A. , Faucon L. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA broadband technique for the simultaneous measurement of the complex permittivity and permeability of film‐shaped ferromagnetic materials is presented. Complex permittivity and permeability are computed from S‐parameter measurements under a constant exterior magnetic field of microstrip transmission lines used as cells. Moreover, a simple and fast technique that allows to the measurement of magnetic materials with a low permeability is presented. The measurement bench uses a vector network analyzer, a high‐quality on‐microstrip test fixture, and an electromagnet. Measurements in the 0.05–20 GHz range show the validity of these methods. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 176–180, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10269
Extension of transmission‐line model for longitudinal‐slot dielectric‐filled waveguide
Authors: Chainon S. , Himdi M. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThis Letter presents a well‐suited model for the analysis of longitudinal‐slot dielectric‐filled waveguide antennas by extending the transmission‐line model used for printed slot antennas. The found slot admittance is calculated on the waveguide plane thanks to a transformation ratio that corresponds to the current discontinuity, taking into account the permittivity of the antenna. The results obtained with the use of this method are first compared to a commercial software based on the FDTD method, for two dielectrics, with different slot offsets, in the millimeter‐wave band. Second, the method is compared with a measurement. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 180–183, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10270
Analysis of current‐crowding effects in RF‐MEMS spiral inductors by simple equivalent circuits
Authors: Yaojiang Zhang , Haibo Long , Zhenghe Feng 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe metal loss of multiturn spiral inductors is known to increase dramatically under current‐crowding effects at high frequencies. An equivalent circuit is derived to simulate this current crowding, including skin and proximity effects. An efficient formula is derived to calculate self‐ and mutual coupling of currents in irregular hexahedrons. Possible approaches for the design of high‐Q RF‐MEMS spiral inductors are discussed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 218–221, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10280
Dual‐mode bandpass filters using triangular ring resonators with coupling stubs
Authors: Weng Min Hung , Hung Cheng‐Yuan , Chen Wu‐Nan 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA novel dual‐mode bandpass filter using a microstrip triangular ring resonator with coupling stubs has been designed and tested. The basic configuration of this novel dual‐mode filter is a triangular ring resonator. Quasi‐L‐shaped I/O arms used as coupling stubs for enhanced coupling are nonorthogonally and symmetrically separated on each corner of the triangular resonator, and a perturbation element is introduced within the resonator at a symmetrical location. The effects of the lengths of the coupling stubs and the width of the perturbation element are studied. New filters having narrower or wider bandwidth and transmission zeros are presented. The proposed filter responses are in good agreement with the simulations and experiments. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 512–515, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20519
Analysis of TP53 germline mutations in pediatric tumor patients using DNA microarray‐based sequencing technology
Authors: Schaefer Karl‐Ludwig , Wai Daniel , Poremba Christopher , Diallo Raihanatou , Boecker Werner , Dockhorn‐Dworniczak Barbara 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundWhereas in sporadic human malignancies mutations of the TP53 tumor‐suppressor gene occur in cancers of almost every organ and histologic subtype, patients with an inborn TP53 defect are at high risk to develop, in particular, soft tissue and bone sarcomas, brain tumors, leukaemias, adrenocortical tumors, and breast cancer. To demonstrate the usefulness of microarray technology applied to TP53 sequencing in pediatric tumors, we investigated young patients suffering from tumors typical of the Li‐Fraumeni context who were, therefore, candidates for harboring inborn defects in tumor‐suppressor genes.ProcedureSix individuals were studied, including typical Li‐Fraumeni patients as well as patients without any family history of cancer. DNA samples were independently analyzed for TP53 mutations by GeneChip® and standard automated laser fluorescence (ALF®) sequencing technology.ResultsThe tumor and corresponding constitutional DNA samples clearly showed identical mutations which were confirmed by ALF sequencing. All coding exons (exons 2–11) of TP53 were analyzed simultaneously. The entire sequencing procedure and data analysis was carried out within 24 hr.ConclusionsThe GeneChip® TP53‐sequencing assay may be feasible for routine molecular genetic diagnostics in determining the TP53 status of childhood‐tumor patients and in enabling a disease management based on the genetic background of the individual. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 2002;38:247–253. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Predictive value of clinical evaluation in the follow‐up of children with a brain tumor
Authors: de Graaf Nanko , Hew Joffre M. , Fock Johanna M. , Kamps Willem A. , de Graaf Siebold S.N. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundDuring follow‐up of children with a brain tumor, traditionally surveillance‐imaging studies are done in addition to clinical evaluations. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of clinical evaluations by a multidisciplinary team for the detection of recurrent tumor.ProcedureWe retrospectively assessed the predictive value of clinical evaluation, using subsequent neuroimaging as the gold standard. Ninety‐eight children with a newly diagnosed primary brain tumor were included in the study. In these patients, 393 imaging studies were done, 75 because of clinical suspicion of recurrence, and 318 for routine surveillance only.ResultsIn 28 of these 75 imaging studies on clinical indications, a radiologic diagnosis of recurrence was made. Only 9 out of 318 routine surveillance imaging studies resulted in a nunexpected diagnosis of recurrence. Thus, the overall positive predictive value of clinical evaluation was 37%; the overall negative predictive value was 97%. The negative predictive values for specific brain tumors varied from 91% (optical glioma) to 99% (primitive neuroectodermal tumors).ConclusionsAn accurate multidisciplinary clinical evaluation has a very high negative predictive value. Consequently, the added value of surveillance imaging studies is limited. The role of such studies during the follow‐up of children with brain tumors should be reconsidered. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 2002;38:254–257. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Opsoclonus‐myoclonus‐ataxia syndrome in neuroblastoma: Histopathologic features–A report from the children's cancer group†
Authors: Cooper Robert , Khakoo Yasmin , Matthay Katherine K. , Lukens John N. , Seeger Robert C. , Stram Daniel O. , Gerbing Robert B. , Nakagawa Atsuko , Shimada Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundOpsoclonus‐myoclonus‐ataxia (OMA) is a paraneoplastic syndrome that occurs in about 2–3% of all cases of neuroblastoma. The histopathologic characteristics of neuroblastoma tumors associated with this syndrome were evaluated in a series of cases and controls.ProcedurePathology slides from a total of 54 neuroblastoma tumors were reviewed blindly. They included 13 tumors associated with opsoclonus‐myoclonus and 41 age‐ and stage‐matched controls. All tumors were classified into either the favorable (FH) or unfavorable histology (UH) group according to the International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification (the Shimada system). Grade of lymphocytic infiltration was evaluated and presence or absence of lymphoid follicles was recorded in the individual tumor tissues.ResultsTwelve of 13 cases with opsoclonus–myoclonus were in the FH group. Twelve of 13 cases had diffuse (found in every section prepared from the multiple portions of the primary tumor) and extensive (occupying more than 50% of a single of multiple microscopic fields with × 100 magnification) lymphocytic infiltration with lymphoid follicles. Of the 41 control cases (27 FH and 14 UH tumors), 18 had focal areas of lymphocytic infiltration and six showed lymphoid follicles, but none had diffuse or extensive infiltration in their primary tumors.ConclusionsDiffuse and extensive lymphocytic infiltration with lymphoid follicles is a characteristic histologic feature of neuroblastic tumors with opsoclonus–myoclonus. This observation suggests an immune‐mediated mechanism for this rare paraneoplastic syndrome. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 36:623–629, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Revised International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) working classification of renal tumors of childhood
Authors: Vujanić Gordan M. , Sandstedt Bengt , Harms Dieter , Kelsey Anna , Leuschner Ivo , de Kraker Jan ,   on behalf of the SIOP Nephroblastoma Scientific Committee
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe previous International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) trials and studies recognized three prognostic groups of renal tumors of childhood: low risk, intermediate risk, and high risk tumors, which were further defined in the SIOP (Stockholm) Working Classification of Renal Tumors of Childhood (1994). The results of the latest SIOP Trials and Studies showed that certain histological features which remain after preoperative chemotherapy, such as blastema, are of prognostic significance while others are not. Therefore, in the next SIOP Trials and Study a revised classification of renal tumors will be followed. It still recognizes the three tumor risk groups with different types in each of them, but for treatment purposes, only three major types of nephroblastoma need to be recognized: completely necrotic (low risk tumor), blastemal (high risk tumor), and others (intermediate risk tumors). Patients will be treated according to tumor histology and stage. Trials which include preoperative chemotherapy have shown that the presence of necrotic tumor or chemotherapy induced changes in the renal sinus or perirenal fat can be ignored for distinguishing between stage I and II, but if present at resection margins or lymph nodes, it should be regarded as stage III. Prognostic significance of all histological component of Wilms tumors will be studied prospectively in the new trial. Med Pediatr Oncol 2002;38:79–82. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Supratentorial embryonal tumors in children under 5 years of age: An SFOP study of treatment with postoperative chemotherapy alone
Authors: Marec‐Berard P. , Jouvet A. , Thiesse P. , Kalifa C. , Doz F. , Frappaz D. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundTo determine the effectiveness of multiagent chemotherapy as sole post‐operative treatment of supratentorial central nervous system (CNS) embryonal tumors in young children.ProcedureThe data of 25 children under 5 years of age diagnosed with supratentorial embryonal tumors (17 primitive neuroectodermal tumors, four pinealoblastomas, and four medulloepitheliomas) treated exclusively by postoperative chemotherapy (CT) between 1990 and 1997 were reviewed.ResultsFifteen tumors were hemispheric and 10 were deeply seated. Four children presented with disseminated leptomeningeal disease. Total resection was performed in nine patients, subtotal in 9, partial in 3, and a diagnostic biopsy only in 2. Two children did not undergo surgery. Twenty‐four children relapsed with a median time of 5.5 months. The median overall survival was 12 months, and the 2‐, and 5‐ year survivals were 30 and 14y, respectively. The 2‐ year disease‐free survival was 4%. There was a significantly worse prognosis in patients undergoing incomplete resection and in the group with deeply situated tumors. Four relapses were treated by second surgery followed by high‐dose chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Two of them remain in CR2, and all these children are free of late sequelae.ConclusionsCT alone failed to maintain disease‐free survival in most of the children, although, disease progression was delayed to some extent. Children under 5 years with supratentorial embryonal tumors should undergo total surgical resection if possible. Med Pediatr Oncol 2002;38:83–90. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A randomised study of prophylactic G‐CSF following MRC UKALL XI intensification regimen in childhood ALL and T‐NHL
Authors: Little M.A. , Morland B. , Chisholm J. , Hole A. , Shankar A. , Devine T. , Easlea D. , Meyer L.C. , Pinkerton C.R. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundDespite the current widespread use of prophylactic G‐CSF in children with solid tumours and leukaemia, its effectiveness has not been clearly demonstrated. This randomised study evaluates the role of G‐CSF given after a 5‐day intensification block in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL).ProcedureForty‐six children with ALL or T‐Cell non‐Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL) treated on MRC ALL 97, UKALL XI or UKCCSG 9504 NHL protocols were randomised to receive granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor following either the first or the second block of intensive chemotherapy in a cross‐over study to determine if the prophylactic administration of G‐CSF could reduce the rate of readmission to hospital for management of febrile neutropenia.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference in the rate of hospital admission in the group receiving prophylaxis, with 34 of 46 being admitted, compared to 42 of 46 patients in the control arm (74 vs. 91%; P = 0.0386). There were no differences found in duration of hospital admission, haematological toxicity, neutrophil recovery or duration of supportive care between the two groups. There was no demonstrable cost benefit derived from the prophylactic administration of G‐CSF.ConclusionsThis study shows that the prophylactic administration of G‐CSF following intensification chemotherapy for childhood ALL and T‐NHL produces a significant reduction in the rate of readmission to hospital for the management of febrile neutropenia. Med Pediatr Oncol 2002;38:98–103. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Hand Collette K. , Rouleau Guy A. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe increasing complexity of the pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has stimulated intensive research in many directions. Genetic analysis of familial ALS has yielded six loci and one disease gene (SOD1), initially suggesting a role for free radicals in the disease process, although the mechanisms through which the mutant exerts toxicity and results in selective motor neuron death remain uncertain. Numerous studies have focused on structural elements of the affected cell, emphasizing the role of neurofilaments and peripherin and their functional disruption in disease. Other topics examined include cellular homeostasis of copper and calcium, particularly in the context of oxidative stress and the processes of protein aggregation, glutamate excitotoxicity, and apoptosis. It has become evident that there is considerable interplay between these mechanisms and, as the role of each is established, a common picture may emerge, enabling the development of more targeted therapies. This study discusses the main areas of investigation and reviews the findings. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 25: 135–159, 2002 DOI 10.1002/mus.10000
Intermuscle differences in activation
Authors: Behm D.G. , Whittle J. , Button D. , Power K. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate differences within individual subjects in the ability to activate the quadriceps, plantar flexors (PF), dorsiflexors (DF), and elbow flexors (EF) during isometric contractions. Twelve male subjects performed submaximal and maximal voluntary isometric contractions, and maximal tetanic contractions were also induced by electrical stimulation. The interpolated twitch technique was used to gauge the extent of muscle inactivation or inability to produce maximum force. Measurements included torque output, absolute and relative rate of force development (RFD), and percentage of muscle inactivation. The quadriceps exceeded all other muscle groups in voluntary and tetanic torque output, voluntary absolute RFD, and absolute and relative tetanic RFD. The quadriceps also exceeded the PF and DF in voluntary relative RFD and had greater muscle inactivation (15.5%) than the EF (5.0%), PF (5.0%), and DF (1.3%). Although the higher RFD may suggest a higher percentage of type II fibers in the quadriceps, their higher threshold of recruitment leads to greater difficulty in fully activating the quadriceps. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 25: 236–243, 2002 DOI 10.1002/mus.10008
Cosegregation of the mitochondrial DNA A1555G and G4309A mutations results in deafness and mitochondrial myopathy
Authors: Campos Y. , García A. , López A. , Jiménez S. , Rubio J.C. , Del Hoyo P. , Bustos F. , Martín M.A. , Cabello A. , Ricoy J.R. , Arenas J. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractWe report a patient with progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO), exercise intolerance, and deafness after aminoglycoside exposure, harboring two pathogenic mutations in her mtDNA: an A1555G in the 12S rRNA gene and a G4309A in the tRNAIle gene. Muscle histochemistry showed abundant ragged‐red fibers, and biochemistry revealed normal respiratory chain function. The A1555G mutation was homoplasmic in blood from the proband and from all maternal relatives. The G4309A mutation was abundant in the proband′s muscle, less abundant in her blood, still less abundant in the mother′s blood, and absent in blood from other maternal relatives. Family members were asymptomatic. Our data suggest that the former mutation resulted in aminoglycoside‐induced deafness and the latter caused PEO plus exercise intolerance. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 25: 185–188, 2002 DOI 10.1002/mus.10012
Effects of leukemia inhibitory factor on rat skeletal muscles are modulated by clenbuterol
Authors: Gregorevic Paul , Williams David A. , Lynch Gordon S. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractLeukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is implicated in skeletal muscle regeneration, but the effect of exogenous LIF on uninjured muscles is not known. We tested the hypothesis that LIF administration would stimulate muscle hypertrophy, with an increased effect during clenbuterol‐induced fiber remodeling. Rats received daily injections of either saline or LIF, and either regular or clenbuterol‐supplemented drinking water for 4 weeks. In the slow‐twitch soleus muscles of LIF‐treated rats, specific force (sPo) and muscle fiber size were increased by ∼13% and ∼26%, respectively, compared to saline‐treated rats. In the soleus muscles of rats receiving LIF and clenbuterol, compared to rats receiving clenbuterol alone, maximum isometric tension (Po) was ∼19% greater. LIF alone did not affect the properties of fast‐twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles, but in rats receiving LIF and clenbuterol, compared to clenbuterol alone, EDL fiber size and muscle mass were increased by ∼20% and ∼10%, respectively. The hypertrophic effects of exogenous LIF on uninjured skeletal muscles indicate that LIF may have application in the treatment of conditions characterized by muscle wasting. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 25: 194–201, 2002 DOI 10.1002/mus.10015
Bent spine syndrome: Computed tomographic study and isokinetic evaluation
Authors: Laroche Michel , Ricq Geraldine , Delisle Marie‐Bernadette , Campech Michel , Marque Philippe 
Published: October 2004

AbstractPrimary acquired lumbar kyphosis of the adult, or bent spine syndrome, is probably secondary to late‐onset muscle dystrophy preferentially involving the paravertebral muscles. In order to better define the extent of this myopathy, we compared spinal computerized tomography scans and muscle force, power, and fatigability, assessed by isokinetic tests, of the spinal erector and pelvic and shoulder girdle muscles in 23 patients with primary acquired lumbar kyphosis (20 women and 3 men, mean age 72.8 years) and 15 matched control subjects. Patients had decreased spinal and shoulder muscle density. Force, power, and work done were reduced in their paravertebral muscles, whereas in the scapular and gluteus medius muscles only work done after a series of 20 rapid movements showed a decrease. Primary acquired lumbar kyphosis in the adult may be considered as a late‐onset girdle myopathy with subclinical involvement of the muscles of the pelvic and shoulder girdles. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 25: 189–193, 2002 DOI 10.1002/mus.10017
Acquisition and expression of proximal and distal upper limb stimulus–response curves to transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Ray Julian , McNamara Brian , Boniface Simon 
Published: October 2004

AbstractMotor cortex stimulus–response (S/R) curves are an indication of cortical excitability and are of relevance to topographical mapping. The aims of this study were to compare two different methods of collecting data to construct a S/R curve for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the upper limbs, to identify reliable summary statistics for the S/R curve, and to determine whether S/R curves predicted motor threshold. Motor evoked potentials (MEP) were obtained from biceps brachii (BB) and abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscles at rest with a circular coil centered at the vertex. Motor threshold was determined using a validated protocol. MEPs were obtained with 1% increments in intensity or from the average of five trials at 5% increments. The S/R relationships were fitted to linear, S‐shaped, and Boltzmann functions. A linear function determined from the average of five trials accurately summarized our data (r2 from 0.6 to 0.9, P < 0.05, n = 8, for right APB and from 0.6 to 0.9, P < 0.05, n = 8 for right BB). The X‐axis intercept of the line determined using these methods fell between the upper and lower limits of motor threshold in all eight subjects. We propose that MEP values obtained at intervals of 5% averaged over five trials, fitted to a linear function provides a practical means of assessing the S/R characteristics of TMS for proximal and distal upper limb muscles. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 25: 202–206, 2002 DOI 10.1002/mus.10020