bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acceptance of Routine Vaccines in Pregnancy during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Perelman Allison D. , Trostle Megan E. , Pecoriello Jillian , Quinn Gwendolyn P. , Roman Ashley S. , Penfield Christina A. 
Published: October 2023

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the rates of vaccination against infectious diseases (Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis [Tdap] and influenza) in pregnancy during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic compared to contemporary historical controls.
Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study comparing rates of Tdap and influenza vaccination in pregnant people who received care at NYU Langone Health and delivered from September 1, 2020, to January 31, 2021 (“COVID cohort”) to the same period the prior year (“2019 cohort”). Demographic information, trimester of initiation of prenatal care, insurance status, and medical comorbidities were evaluated. Outcomes were analyzed using chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and multivariable logistic regression, with significance of p < 0.05.
Results In total, 1,713 pregnant people were included. Compared to historical controls, the COVID cohort differed in age, race, timing of initiation of prenatal care, insurance status, and medical comorbidities. After adjusting for these covariates, pregnant people were significantly more likely to accept influenza vaccine in the COVID cohort (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27–2.29) and had similar Tdap acceptance (aOR 1.5, 95% CI 0.99–2.17). However, this trend was not observed for the entire obstetric population; public insurance status and medical comorbidities were associated with lower vaccine rates during the pandemic. For those who had public insurance, rates of influenza vaccination decreased from 83% in 2019 to 40% during COVID (aOR 0.16, 95% CI 0.10–0.24) and for Tdap rates decreased from 93 to 54% (aOR 0.13, 95% CI 0.08–0.21).
Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic era, pregnant people at large were more likely to accept the influenza vaccine. However, this trend did not apply to Tdap, and high-risk groups with public insurance and medical comorbidities. This study highlights potential disparities in vaccination rates, which need to be accounted for when evaluating national vaccine trends. These data support increased efforts in vaccine counseling for high-risk populations.
Key Points
Risk Factors for Bleeding in Cancer Patients Treated with Conventional Dose Followed by Low-Dose Apixaban for Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Hussaini Parwana , Larsen Trine-Lise , Ghanima Waleed , Dahm Anders Erik Astrup 
Published: October 2023

Background Incidence of and risk factors for bleeding in cancer patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) treated with apixaban are poorly described.
Methods We analyzed data from the prospective CAP study where 298 cancer patients with any type of VTE received 5 mg apixaban twice daily for 6 months, and then 2.5 mg apixaban twice daily for 30 months. For most analyses, major bleedings and clinically relevant nonmajor bleedings were merged to “clinically relevant bleedings.” Risk factors were estimated by odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results The incidence of clinically relevant bleedings was 38% per person-year during the first 6 months of treatment, 21% per person-year from 7 to 12 months, and between 4 and 8% per person-year from 13 to 36 months. Clinically relevant bleedings were associated with age above 74 years (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.0–4.1), body mass index (BMI) below 21.7 (OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1–4.8), and hemoglobin at baseline below 10.5 for females (OR: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.1–7.3) and 11.1 for males (OR: 3.3, 95% CI: 1.3–8.4) during the first 6 months. Gastrointestinal (GI) or urogenital cancer was not associated with clinically relevant bleedings compared with other cancers. Among patients with luminal GI cancer, nonresected cancer had increased risk of bleeding (OR: 3.4, 95% CI: 1.0–11.6) compared with resected GI cancer.
Conclusion There were very few bleedings while patients were on low-dose apixaban. Factors associated with bleeding in patients treated with full-dose apixaban were high age, low BMI, and low hemoglobin, and probably nonresected luminal GI cancer.
Minimally Invasive Microsurgery for Cerebral Contusions
Authors: Faleiro Rodrigo Moreira , Moraes Vítor Vieira de Souza , Belo João Tiago Alves , Ribeiro Thales Francisco , Greco Chiara Menezes , Rossi Vitor Bernardes 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is among the main causes of death and neurological sequelae worldwide. Injuries are classified as diffuse (diffuse axonal injury and brain swelling) or focal (cerebral contusion [CCo], epidural hematoma, and acute subdural hematoma). Among all TBIs, CCos are the most frequent focal lesion, and treatment modalities are many. Hematoma evacuation using large craniotomies has been well described in the literature. The main goal of the present study is to discuss the advantages of minimally invasive approaches for the treatment of CCos, regarding operative time, blood loss, and postoperative tomographic results.
Methods An integrative literature review was conducted on the SciELO, LILACS, and PubMed databases. Seven case reports were included in the present study. Retrospective data collection was performed, analyzing gender, age, Glasgow coma scale score on hospital admission, surgical approach, and postoperative (tomographic) results.
Results The minimally invasive keyhole approach was used in seven patients with CCos. The supraorbital approach (n = 5) was performed for frontal lobe contusions, and the minipterional approach (n = 2) was performed for temporal lobe contusions. All cases had adequate hematoma evacuation, confirmed by postoperative computed tomography scans.
Conclusion The minimally invasive approaches were effective for hematoma evacuation, with adequate clinical and radiological postoperative results.
Scheuermann's Disease
Authors: Kaur Simranjeet , Lalam Radhesh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractScheuermann's disease is a rigid progressive kyphosis occurring in late childhood to adolescence. It is the most common cause of sagittal imbalance and angular progressive kyphosis in adolescents associated with back pain. The exact etiology of the disease is unclear, but it is characterized by defective growth of the end plate that may result from excessive mechanical stress on a weakened end plate during spinal growth. Several other theories have been proposed, and it is thought to be a multifactorial disease occurring as a result of the interplay of multiple factors. The radiographic features consist of anterior vertebral body wedging, irregular end plates, Schmorl's nodes, and intervertebral disk degeneration. The natural history and evolution of this disease is also unknown. Conservative management with physiotherapy, rehabilitation, and bracing is the first line of treatment. Mechanical bracing helps prevent further progression of the kyphotic deformity. Surgery is mostly indicated in patients with failure of conservative management, with neurologic compromise, and for cosmetic reasons.
Fluorescence of Esthetic Resin Composites: Spectrophotometry and Photography Analysis Techniques
Authors: Cruz Joana , Eira Raquel , Coito Catarina , Sousa Bernardo , Cavalheiro Alexandre 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the fluorescence of nine esthetic resin composite materials using two methods: spectrophotometry and photography analysis.
Materials and Methods Three specimens were made for each shade of resin composite (61 shades from 9 resin composites), for a total of 183 specimens. To obtain a control group, the crowns of three sound human incisors were prepared to obtain both enamel and dentin specimens. Fluorescence was measured using two methods: (1) a Spectroshade Micro fluorescence spectrophotometer (MHT Optic Research, Niederhasli, Switzerland) and (2) a photograph analysis using Adobe Photoshop CC software (version 2019.0.0, Adobe Systems, Inc.).
Statistical Analysis The results were statistically analyzed with an analysis of variance (α = 0.05) and with the Tukey–Kramer adjustment. The correlation between two techniques was analyzed by Pearson correlation test (α = 0.05).
Results Fluorescence was highly influenced by the brand of the resin composite and less influenced by the shade (chroma), except for opaquer and incisal shades, and there was almost no difference in opacity, except for incisal shades. There was a weak (r = −0.105) and statistically not significant correlation (p = 0.145) between photography analysis and spectrophotometry techniques.
Conclusion The fluorescence of esthetic resin composites is more dependent on the brand than on the shade or opacity.
Profile of Neuromuscular Disorders: Neurology Clinic, Tripoli Children Hospital
Authors: Eshrif Seham , Alghareeri Suhaylah , BenAmer Fatma , Elsheikh Sondos 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjective Neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) are any diseases affecting the lower motor neuron (anterior horn cell, peripheral nerve, and neuromuscular junction) or muscle, all of which are components of motor unit. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, demographic, and genetic profile of children diagnosed with different NMDs.Materials and Methods Descriptive case series study where clinical records for children with neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) how presented to the outpatient Neurology Clinic at Tripoli Children Hospital in the period from January 2015 to the date of data collection May 2023 have been reviewed to obtain the relevant information which include demographic data, parental consanguinity, family history of affected other members, diagnostic groups within NMDs used were spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and its subtypes, Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), limb girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) and any other NMDs, genetic testing results, ambulatory state at the time of data collection, age at death if occurred, mode of treatment (steroid for patients with diagnosis of DMD, oral Risdiplam/IV Zolgensma/intrathecal Spinraza for patients with SMA) and Genetic testing results and the eligibility to spesfic exon skipping therapy for DMD patients.Results The study revealed 53 patients with NMDs, which represent 3.8% of all neurological disorders. Of these, 32 (60.4%) were males and 21 (39.6%) were females. Patient ages ranged between 2 months and 20 years (mean = 10 years). SMA and DMD are more common than the other disorders. 77.4% of patients were have positive consanguinity and 66% are have family history. 54.7% of patients still have ability to walk independently. Four (7.5%) patients were died three of them were have diagnosis of SMA type 1 and they died before age of 18 months and the fourth who has diagnosis of SMA type 3 was die at age of 12 years.Conclusion Although neuromuscular disorders are rare as individual disease entities, as a group they are not. The retrospective study presented here could form the backbone of a future Libyan neuromuscular registry, which is necessary with many novel NMD therapies in pipeline.
Shaking off the blow: plant adjustments during submergence and post-stress growth in Lotus forage species
Authors: Buraschi Florencia B. , Mollard Federico P. O. , Di Bella Carla E. , Grimoldi Agustín A. , Striker Gustavo G. 
Published: October 2023

Flooding significantly hampers global forage production. In flood-prone regions, Lotus tenuis and Lotus corniculatus are common forage legumes, yet little is known about their responses to partial or complete submergence. To address this, we evaluated 10 Lotus accessions subjected to 11 days of either partial or complete submergence, analysing growth traits related to tolerance and recovery after de-submergence. Principal component analyses revealed that submergence associated growth parameters were linked to L. corniculatus accessions, whereas recovery was associated with L. tenuis accessions. Notably, in L. tenuis, recovery from complete submergence positively correlated with leaf mass fraction but negatively with root mass fraction, showing an opposite pattern than in L. corniculatus. Encouragingly, no trade-off was found between inherent growth capacity and submergence tolerance (both partial and complete) or recovery ability, suggesting genetic selection for increased tolerance would not compromise growth potential. L. tenuis exhibited accessions with both partial and complete submergence tolerance, making them versatile for flood-prone environments, whereas L. corniculatus accessions were better suited for partial submergence. These findings offer valuable insights to enhance forage production in flood-prone areas and guide the selection of appropriate Lotus accessions for specific flood conditions.
Interactions of non-intersecting oblique lines of fire burning in surface fuels in a combustion wind tunnel with and without wind
Authors: Sullivan Andrew L. , Swedosh William 
Published: October 2023

Background High-intensity wildfires are often characterised by the interaction of multiple coalescing fires. Previously, results of investigation of obliquely intersecting lines of fire in a ‘V’ configuration in dry eucalypt forest litter were reported. Aim This article reports on investigation of the behaviour of separated non-intersecting lines of fire in the absence and presence of wind. Methods Experiments in the CSIRO Pyrotron combustion wind tunnel investigated interactions of lines of fire of 800 and 1500 mm lengths located at incident angles of 30° and 45° and separated at the closest point by 150 mm. Key results The behaviour of separated fires in wind was fundamentally different to that of fires burning in no wind and previous non-separated fires, sustaining separation for some time and distance before merging. Conclusions Although all fires showed evidence of interactions, the strength of interaction was greater in larger fires with more energetic flames, suggesting a key influence of the magnitude and rate of release and transfer of heat to unburnt fuels. Implications Future research should focus on quantifying contributions of aspects such as fuel combustibility and bulk density that contribute to and determine the convecto–radiative interactions of fires so such behaviour can be predicted a priori.
The entrenchment of semi-schematic time constructions by German foreign
language learners of Swedish
Authors: Olofsson Joel , Prentice Julia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter investigates the entrenchment of semi-schematic time
constructions by a group of foreign language learners of Swedish. Results
from a phrasal decision experiment with 30 German speaking learners of
Swedish show that the learners of Swedish process these constructions
significantly slower, compared to an L1 control group, and also recognize
them as time expressions to a lesser extent. Additionally, we conduct an
explorative corpus study to shed some light on the role of previously
acquired languages for the entrenchment of the investigated constructions.
The results from the comparison of the Swedish and German corpora show no
clear indication of cross-linguistic differences in usage that might explain
the L2 participants’ behavior, but rather some interesting similarities,
which we discuss in relation to the experimental findings.
Minimizers as negative reinforcers in Norwegian
Authors: Vindenes Urd 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter presents a corpus-based investigation of Norwegian
negative-with-minimizer constructions (e.g. ikke forstå en
tøddel ‘not understand an umlaut’). The results from collexeme
analyses suggest that even though many minimizers are strongly associated
with a small set of verbs, indicating high idiomaticity, the combination of
these minimizers with semantically mismatching verbs (e.g. ikke bry
seg en tøddel ‘not care an umlaut’) is also used. There is no
obvious evidence for pragmatic ambiguity in many of these cases, and it is
argued that the context expansion and grammaticalization of some negative
reinforcers in Norwegian (e.g., en døyt ‘a duit’) is due to
the pragmatic effect of the semantic mismatch, and that this usage is
motivated by the maxim of extravagance.
Crosslinguistic influence in L3 acquisition
Authors: Mitrofanova Natalia , Leivada Evelina , Westergaard Marit 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the role of lexical vs structural similarity in L3 acquisition. We designed a mini-artificial language learning task where the novel L3 was lexically based on Norwegian but included a property that was present in Russian and Greek yet absent in Norwegian (grammatical case). The participants were Norwegian-Russian and Norwegian-Greek bilinguals as well as a group of Norwegian L1 speakers. All participants also knew some English. The morphological expression of the L3 target property was more like Russian than Greek in that case was marked on the noun itself, not on articles. The results of our study indicate that previous experience with a language that is structurally like the L3 (Russian) is facilitative, even when the L3 lexically resembles a language that lacks this grammatical property (Norwegian). Our results suggest overt that the morphological expression of the target property also plays a role: previous experience with Greek that marks the target contrast on determiners did not seem to be facilitative at early stages of acquisition. Overall, our results are in line with models of L3/Ln acquisition which assume that both previously acquired languages influence the development of the L3 and that structural, morphological and lexical similarity play a role.
Cultural Identity and Tourism Awareness of Rímac Residents
Authors: Granda Milagros , Carrillo Brendali 
Published: October 2023

Summary
Rímac, World Heritage City, houses important monuments from pre-Inca, colonial, and republican times, of great attraction for tourism. However, there are indications that the elements that comprise Rímac’s cultural heritage are little recognized and valued by their residents, thus, making them less willing to participate in its conservation and use for tourism purposes. For this reason, this study aimed to explore the cultural identity and tourist awareness of the residents of Rímac through in-depth interviews, where 30 youngsters participated. Participants showed little knowledge about the cultural heritage of Rímac and its tourist potential, but they reported feeling proud to live there because Rímac holds their most cherished childhood memories and family values. Results support the importance of analyzing the memories and emotions that connect residents with their city’s cultural heritage and ultimately influence their willingness to preserve it and support the tourism activity in their district. Future research could explore the role of sport and religion as part of the residents’ cultural identity and their potential for tourism.

Information
© The Authors 2023
Exploring the Case: Cultural Identity and Tourism Awareness of Rímac Residents
Authors: Granda Milagros , Carrillo Brendali 
Published: October 2023

Introduction
Rímac is a World Heritage City located in Peru with over 400 years of history and a rich cultural heritage. Many of Rímac’s cultural sites are gathering places for locals and tourists. However, there is evidence to suggest that the residents of Rímac have little knowledge of their cultural heritage and its tourism value.
Adaptive Spectral Inversion for inverse medium problems
Authors: Gleichmann Yannik G , Grote Marcus J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A nonlinear optimization method is proposed for the solution of inverse medium problems with spatially varying properties. To avoid the prohibitively large number of unknown control variables resulting from standard grid-based representations, the misfit is instead minimized in a small subspace spanned by the first few eigenfunctions of a judicious elliptic operator, which itself depends on the previous iteration. By repeatedly adapting both the dimension and the basis of the search space, regularization is inherently incorporated at each iteration without the need for extra Tikhonov penalization. Convergence is proved under an angle condition, which is included into the resulting Adaptive Spectral Inversion (ASI) algorithm. The ASI approach compares favorably to standard grid-based inversion using L
2-Tikhonov regularization when applied to an elliptic inverse problem. The improved accuracy resulting from the newly included angle condition is further demonstrated via numerical experiments from time-dependent inverse scattering problems.
Performance assessment of hydropower generator unit with the nonlinear transmissibility function method
Authors: Wu Ruixuan , Mao Hanling , Yang Yongjun , Zhang Qian , Tong Kaixuan , Li Xinxin , Lin Yongchuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The hydropower generator unit (HGU) is a complex nonlinear dynamic system, and how to utilize the monitoring data to achieve the performance assessment of the HGU is a challenge at present. In this paper, based on the linear transmissibility function and the nonlinear output frequency response function, the nonlinear transmissibility function (NTF) method is proposed to characterize the variation rule of the HGU performance, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by the monitoring data from a hydropower station located in Guangxi, China. Firstly, the feature parameters related to the operation state of the unit are extracted from the monitoring data of the HGU. Secondly, the HGU system is divided into three subsystems according to the installation position of the sensors collecting these feature parameters, and the NTFs of them are estimated from multiple time scales. Finally, the performance of the HGU is comprehensively assessed utilizing the Fe indicator and the correlation transmissibility damage indicator. The analysis results demonstrate that the NTF method can reveal the performance variation trend and detect the early fault of the HGU, which is of great significance to the stable operation of the HGU.
Quaternary, layered, 2D chalcogenide, Mo1−x
W
x
SSe: thickness dependent transport properties
Authors: Kumar Rajat , Jenjeti Ramesh Naidu , Vankayala Kiran , Sampath S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Highly oriented, single crystalline, quaternary alloy chalcogenide crystal, Mo
x
W1−x
S2y
Se2(1−y), is synthesized using a high temperature chemical vapor transport technique and its transport properties studied over a wide temperature range. Field effect transistors (FET) with bottom gated configuration are fabricated using Mo0.5W0.5SSe flakes of different thicknesses, from a single layer to bulk. The FET characteristics are thickness tunable, with thin flakes (1–4 layers) exhibiting n-type transport behaviour while ambipolar transfer characteristics are observed for thicker flakes (>90 layers). Ambipolar behavior with the dominance of n-type over p-type transport is noted for devices fabricated with layers between 9 and 90. The devices with flake thickness ∼9 layers exhibit a maximum electron mobility 63 ± 4 cm2 V−1s−1 and an I
ON/I
OFF ratio >108. A maximum hole mobility 10.3 ± 0.4 cm2 V−1s−1 is observed for the devices with flake thickness ∼94 layers with I
ON/I
OFF ratio >102–103 observed for the hole conduction. A maximum I
ON/I
OFF for hole conduction, 104 is obtained for the devices fabricated with flakes of thickness ∼7–19 layers. The electron Schottky barrier height values are determined to be ∼23.3 meV and ∼74 meV for 2 layer and 94 layers flakes respectively, as measured using low temperature measurements. This indicates that an increase in hole current with thickness is likely to be due to lowering of the band gap as a function of thickness. Furthermore, the contact resistance (R
ct) is evaluated using transmission line model (TLM) and is found to be 14 kohm.μm. These results suggest that quaternary alloys of Mo0.5W0.5SSe are potential candidates for various electronic/optoelectronic devices where properties and performance can be tuned within a single composition.