bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extended survival in a patient with recurrent and metastatic adrenal cortical carcinoma by aggressive transarterial embolization—a case report
Authors: Li Shau‐Hsuan , Huang Cheng‐Hua , Ko Sheung‐Fat , Chou Fong‐Fu , Huang Shun‐Chen 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe prognosis of inoperable recurrent or metastatic adrenal cortical carcinoma is poor due to lack of effective treatment modalities. We report a case of recurrent and metastatic adrenal cortical carcinoma in which prolonged survival of 58 months was achieved with aggressive three sequential transarterial embolization. It is probably the first reported case with the longest survival by transarterial embolization in the literature to date. A 60‐year‐old man received operation for left adrenal cortical carcinoma. Liver metastases, tumor bed recurrence, and spleen metastasis were noted during follow‐up. Three sequential transarterial embolization for metastatic liver tumors, tumor bed recurrence, and metastatic spleen tumor were performed and resulted in relief of symptoms and prolonged survival of 58 months after recurrence verified. Aggressive transarterial embolization seems to be a safe and effective procedure for symptoms relief, and may prolong survival in the management of inoperable adrenal cortical carcinoma. It can be considered in any patient with inoperable adrenal cortical carcinoma if not contraindicated. J. Surg. Oncol. 2005;90:101–105. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assault, psychiatric diagnoses, and sociodemographic variables in relation to help‐seeking behavior in a national sample of women
Authors: Lewis Sarah F. , Resnick Heidi S. , Ruggiero Kenneth J. , Smith Daniel W. , Kilpatrick Dean G. , Best Connie L. , Saunders Benjamin E. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractUsing a national probability household sample of 4,008 women, we estimated the prevalence and correlates of formal and informal help seeking. One‐year prevalences of formal help seeking (e.g., seeking help from professional) and informal help seeking (e.g., seeking help from a relative or friend) were 10.6 and 6.6%, respectively. In the final multivariable model, increased likelihood of informal help seeking was associated with younger age, history of sexual assault, and past‐year diagnoses of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive episode (MDE). Similarly, increased likelihood of formal help seeking was associated with younger age, Caucasian racial/ethnic status, history of sexual assault, history of physical assault, and past‐year diagnoses of PTSD and MDE. Implications for helping professionals and public education programs are discussed.
The role of loss of meaning in the pursuit of treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: Fontana Alan , Rosenheck Robert 
Published: April 2005

AbstractClinical observation and theory suggest that people who have difficulty coping with their exposure to traumatic events often experience a loss of meaning to their lives. This article examines the contribution of loss of meaning to seeking help from clergy and/or mental health providers. Results support the hypotheses that veterans who have suffered a greater loss of meaning are more likely to seek help from clergy and from VA mental health professionals. We suggest that veterans who seek help from clergy are particularly desirous of achieving a restoration of meaning that is specific to their loss, and that this quest sustains a continued pursuit of mental health treatment, especially among those who seek help from the VA.
Treatment of residual insomnia after CBT for PTSD: Case studies
Authors: DeViva Jason C. , Zayfert Claudia , Pigeon Wilfred R. , Mellman Thomas A. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractInsomnia is one of the most common symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Evidence suggests that insomnia may persist for many PTSD patients after other symptoms have responded to cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT). The present article reports the effects of administering a five‐session cognitive‐behavioral insomnia treatment to 5 patients who responded to CBT for PTSD yet continued to report insomnia. Insomnia treatment was associated with improvements on subjective sleep measures (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index, and Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale) and self‐monitored sleep efficiency and related measures in 4 of 5 cases. Results highlight issues specific to treating insomnia in trauma populations and future directions for examining treatment of insomnia associated with PTSD.
Correlation between traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder among North Korean defectors in South Korea
Authors: Jeon WooTaek , Hong ChangHyung , Lee ChangHo , Kim Dong Kee , Han Mooyoung , Min SungKil 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe number of North Korean defectors entering South Korea has been increasing rapidly since 1994. Two hundred North Korean defectors in South Korea were studied to identify their experiences of traumatic events in North Korea and during defection, and the correlation with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Researchers conducted face‐to‐face interviews and assisted defectors in performing a self‐report assessment of this survey. The study questionnaire consisted of demographic characteristics, the Traumatic Experiences Scale for North Korean Defectors, and the PTSD part of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐III‐R Korean version. Prevalence rate of PTSD in defectors was 29.5%, with a higher rate for women. In factor analysis, the 25 items of traumatic events experienced in North Korea were divided into three factors: Physical Trauma, Political‐Ideological Trauma, and Family‐Related Trauma. In addition, the 19 items of traumatic events during defection were grouped into four factors: Physical Trauma, Detection and Capture‐Related Trauma, Family‐Related Trauma, and Betrayal‐Related Trauma. In multifactorial logistic regression analysis, Family‐Related Trauma in North Korea had a significant odds ratio.
Deployment stressors, gender, and mental health outcomes among Gulf War I veterans
Authors: Vogt Dawne S. , Pless Anica P. , King Lynda A. , King Daniel W. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractAn Erratum has been published for this article in Journal of Traumatic Stress 18(3) 2005, 271–284 [].
Findings indicate that war‐zone exposure has negative implications for the postdeployment adjustment of veterans; however, most studies have relied on limited conceptualizations of war‐zone exposure and focused on male samples. In this study, an array of deployment stressors that were content valid for both female and male Gulf War I military personnel was examined to elucidate gender differences in war‐zone exposure and identify gender‐based differential associations between stressors and mental health outcomes. While women and men were exposed to both mission‐related and interpersonal stressors and both stressor categories were associated with mental health outcomes, women reported more interpersonal stressors and these stressors generally had a stronger impact on women's than on men's mental health. Exceptions are described, and implications are discussed.
Physiological arousal and dissociation in acute trauma victims during trauma narratives
Authors: Nixon Reginald D. V. , Bryant Richard A. , Moulds Michelle L. , Felmingham Kim L. , Mastrodomenico Julie A. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to examine whether the finding of suppressed physiological activity in dissociative rape‐trauma victims (Griffin, Resick, & Mechanic, 1997) was replicable in a nonsexual assault trauma group. A sample of 17 high‐dissociating (HD) participants and 18 low‐dissociating (LD) participants who had experienced a motor vehicle accident or physical assault described their trauma while skin conductance, heart rate activity, and self‐reported mood were recorded. HD individuals demonstrated a trend for elevated heart rate during the experiment compared with LD participants, but both groups displayed comparable skin‐conductance levels. Curve estimation analysis indicated that the two groups had a similar pattern of physiological responding during the trauma narratives. These findings challenge the notion that dissociative reactions are associated with reduced psychophysiological arousal after trauma.
Improving the amplitude‐modulated control experiment for multislice continuous arterial spin labeling
Authors: Werner Richard , Norris David G. , Alfke Karsten , Mehdorn H. Maximilian , Jansen Olav 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe use of an amplitude‐modulated radiofrequency (RF) pulse for a control experiment is a proven method to control for off‐resonance effects in multislice continuous arterial spin labeling (CASL) experiments. This method is also known as double adiabatic inversion. The adiabaticity factor of a single half‐pulse, β1/2, and a new dimensionless parameter α, which is obtained from the labeling parameters and the flow velocity, are introduced. This makes it possible to distinguish three distinct cases: 1) With low α, a double inversion occurs. 2) With α ≥ ∼4, the efficiency with which the longitudinal magnetization is returned to the z‐axis depends on the phase of the amplitude modulation at the time the spins cross the center of the labeling plane. 3) In the intermediate region, the efficiency shows undesirable fluctuations. In a Bloch equation simulation, three optimized parameter sets are determined. Near ideal performance should always be achieved by combinations of parameters for which β1/2 ≥ ∼2 and α ∼ π/β1/2. The efficiency increases were realized in a volunteer study, showing the practical application of the suggested optimization. Magn Reson Med 53:1096–1102, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sodium ion apparent diffusion coefficient in living rat brain
Authors: Goodman James A. , Kroenke Christopher D. , Bretthorst G. Larry , Ackerman Joseph J. H. , Neil Jeffrey J. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of Na+ was determined in live rat brain. The brain extracellular‐to‐intracellular Na+ content ratio is ∼8:2, which is the inverse of that for water in these spaces. Consequently, the ADC of Na+ is primarily affected by motion in the extracellular space, and Na+ can be viewed as a reporter molecule for motion in that space. Likewise, water ADC is dominated by intracellular motion. The brain Na+ ADC was 1.15 ± 0.09 μm2/ms, which is 61% of the aqueous Na+ free diffusion coefficient (Dfree) at 37°C (1.9 μm2/ms), while the ADC for brain water is 28% of the water Dfree at 37°C (3 μm2/ms). This suggests that the ADC of molecular species within the extracellular space is roughly twofold that within the intracellular space. In postmortem brain, both Na+ and water decrease to 17% of the respective Dfree values. These results are consistent with Na+ and water ADC values sharing the same biophysical determinants in postmortem brain. The observed difference between Na+ and water ADC/Dfree ratios in living brain tissue may be attributable to the extracellular environment hindering molecular displacements twofold less than the intracellular environment. Magn Reson Med 53:1040–1045, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Oxygen‐enhanced proton imaging of the human lung using T2*
Authors: Pracht Eberhard D. , Arnold Johannes F. T. , Wang Tungte , Jakob Peter M. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractMagnetic susceptibility gradients caused by tissue/air interfaces lead to very short T2* times in the human lung. These susceptibility gradients are dependent on the magnetic susceptibility of the respiratory gas and therefore should influence T2* relaxation. In this work, a technique for quantitative T2* mapping of the human lung during one breath hold is presented. Using this method, the lung T2* relaxation time was measured under normoxic (room air, 21% O2) and hyperoxic (100% O2) conditions to verify this assumption. The mean T2* difference between room air and 100% O2 is about 10% and contains ventilation information, since only ventilated regions contribute to signal change due to different susceptibility gradients. Magn Reson Med 53:1193–1196, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Theoretical noise model for oxygenation‐sensitive magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Wu Gaohong , Li Shi‐Jiang 
Published: April 2005

AbstractContrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) in blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD) based functional MRI (fMRI) studies is a fundamental parameter to determine statistical significance and therefore to map functional activation in the brain. The CNR is defined here as BOLD contrast with respect to temporal fluctuation. In this study, a theoretical noise model based on oxygenation‐sensitive MRI signal formation is proposed. No matter what the noise sources may be in the signal acquired by a gradient‐echo echo‐planar imaging pulse sequence, there are only three noise elements: apparent spin density fluctuations,S0(t); transverse relaxation rate fluctuations,R(t); and thermal noise,n(t). The noise contributions fromS0(t),R(t), andn(t) to voxel time course fluctuations were evaluated as a function of echo time (TE) at 3 T. Both noise contributions caused byS0(t) andR(t) are significantly larger than that of thermal noise when TE = 30 ms. In addition, the fluctuations betweenS0(t) andR(t) are cross‐correlated and become a noise factor that is large enough and cannot be ignored. The experimentally measured TE dependences of noise, temporal signal‐to‐noise ratio, and BOLD CNR in finger‐tapping activation regions were consistent with the proposed model. Furthermore, the proposed theoretical models not only unified previously proposed BOLD CNR models, but also provided mechanisms for interpreting apparent controversies and limitations that exist in the literature. Magn Reson Med 53:1046–1054, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vivo prostate magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging using two‐dimensional J‐resolved PRESS at 3 T
Authors: Kim Dong‐hyun , Margolis Daniel , Xing Lei , Daniel Bruce , Spielman Daniel 
Published: April 2005

AbstractIn vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging of the prostate using single‐voxel and multivoxel two‐dimensional (2D) J‐resolved sequences is investigated at a main magnetic field strength of 3 T. Citrate, an important metabolite often used to aid the detection of prostate cancer in magnetic resonance spectroscopic exams, can be reliably detected along with the other metabolites using this method. We show simulations and measurements of the citrate metabolite using 2D J‐resolved spectroscopy to characterize the spectral pattern. Furthermore, using spiral readout gradients, the single‐voxel 2D J‐resolved method is extended to provide the spatial distribution information as well all within a reasonable scan time (17 min). Phantom and in vivo data are presented to illustrate the multivoxel 2D J‐resolved spiral chemical shift imaging sequence. Magn Reson Med 53:1177–1182, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Imaging of single human carcinoma cells in vitro using a clinical whole‐body magnetic resonance scanner at 3.0 T
Authors: Pinkernelle Jens , Teichgräber Ulf , Neumann Fabian , Lehmkuhl Lukas , Ricke Jens , Scholz Regina , Jordan Andreas , Bruhn Harald 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to examine whether single human carcinoma cells labeled with iron oxide nanoparticles could be detected by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging on a clinical 3‐T scanner using a surface coil only. WiDr human colon carcinoma cells were loaded with two kinds of iron oxide nanoparticles differing by coating and size: aminosilan‐coated (MagForce) and carboxy‐dextran‐coated particles (Resovist). The latter were preferred by the colon carcinoma cell line used here and taken up much faster (12 h) than the smaller carboxydextran‐coated Resovist (48 h). Labeled single carcinoma cells, distributed in an agarose gel in a monodisperse layer as controlled by light microscopy, became detectable as punctuate signal extinctions when using a small circularly polarized surface coil in conjunction with a T2*‐weighted GE sequence at 3 T. The threshold for the detectability of labeled colon carcinoma cells ranged at a load of 4–5 μg iron/106 cells. Obviating the need for special hardware additions, this study opens a new lane for single‐cell tracking on clinical 3‐T MR scanners amenable to patient studies. Magn Reson Med 53:1187–1192, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Accurate myocardial T1 measurements: Toward quantification of myocardial blood flow with arterial spin labeling
Authors: Zhang Haosen , Shea Steve M. , Park Vivian , Li Debiao , Woodard Pamela K. , Gropler Robert J. , Zheng Jie 
Published: April 2005

AbstractIn this study, we investigated a method for accurately measuring myocardial T1 for the quantification of myocardial blood flow (MBF) with arterial spin labeling (ASL). A single‐shot gradient‐echo (GE)‐based ASL sequence with an adiabatic hyperbolic secant inversion recovery pulse was modified to acquire a pair of myocardial T1's within a breath‐hold. A multivariable regression algorithm that accounted for the magnetization saturation effects was developed to calculate T1. The MBF was then determined with a well‐developed model. The accuracy of our T1 calculation was first evaluated in a phantom, and then in six dogs for the MBF calculation, with (N = 4) and without (N = 2) coronary artery stenosis. In the phantom study, the accuracy of T1 measured with a slice‐selective inversion prepared pulse was within 2.5% of error. In healthy dogs, the MBF increased 2–5 times during vasodilation. In contrast, regional differences of MBF were well visualized in the stenotic dogs during vasodilation (perfusion reserve of 2.75 ± 0.83 in normal myocardium, and 1.46 ± 0.75 in the stenotic area). A correlation analysis revealed a close agreement in MBF between the ASL and microsphere (MS) in both healthy and stenotic dogs. In summary, the modified ASL technique and T1 regression algorithm proposed here provide an accurate measurement of myocardial T1 and demonstrate potential for reliably assessing MBF at steady state. Magn Reson Med 53:1135–1142, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High‐resolution diffusion tensor imaging of human patellar cartilage: Feasibility and preliminary findings
Authors: Filidoro L. , Dietrich O. , Weber J. , Rauch E. , Oerther T. , Wick M. , Reiser M.F. , Glaser C. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractMR diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to analyze the microstructural properties of articular cartilage. Human patellar cartilage‐on‐bone samples were imaged at 9.4T using a diffusion‐weighted SE sequence (12 gradient directions, resolution = 39 × 78 × 1500 μm3). Voxel‐based maps of the mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy (FA), and eigenvectors were calculated. The mean diffusivity decreased from the surface (1.45 × 10−3 mm2/s) to the tide mark (0.68 × 10−3 mm2/s). The FA was low (0.04–0.28) and had local maxima near the surface and in the portion of the cartilage corresponding to the radial layer. The eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue showed a distinct zonal pattern, being oriented tangentially and radially in the upper and lower portions of the cartilage, respectively. The findings correspond to current scanning electron microscopy (SEM) data on the zonal architecture of cartilage. The eigenvector maps appear to reflect the alignment of the collagenous fibers in cartilage. In view of current efforts to develop and evaluate structure‐modifying therapeutic approaches in osteoarthritis (OA), DTI may offer a tool to assess the structural properties of cartilage. Magn Reson Med 53:993–998, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Active‐passive gradient shielding for MRI acoustic noise reduction
Authors: Edelstein William A. , Kidane Tesfaye K. , Taracila Victor , Baig Tanvir N. , Eagan Timothy P. , Cheng Yu‐Chung N. , Brown Robert W. , Mallick John A. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractAn important source of MRI acoustic noise—magnet cryostat warm‐bore vibrations caused by eddy‐current‐induced forces—can be mitigated by a passive metal shield mounted on the outside of a vibration‐isolated, vacuum‐enclosed shielded gradient set. Finite‐element (FE) calculations for a z‐gradient indicate that a 2‐mm‐thick Cu layer wrapped on the gradient assembly can decrease mechanical power deposition in the warm bore and reduce warm‐bore acoustic noise production by about 25 dB. Eliminating the conducting warm bore and other magnet parts as significant acoustic noise sources could lead to the development of truly quiet, fully functioning MRI systems with noise levels below 70 dB. Magn Reson Med 53:1013–1017, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Continuous artery‐selective spin labeling (CASSL)
Authors: Werner Richard , Norris David G. , Alfke Karsten , Mehdorn H. Maximilian , Jansen Olav 
Published: April 2005

AbstractA new technique for selective spin labeling of individual arteries is presented. It is based on continuous arterial spin labeling (CASL) with an amplitude‐modulated control experiment. Precessionary motion of the labeling gradient about the axis of the artery, combined with an appropriate frequency modulation of the labeling RF pulse, restricts the adiabatic inversion to the desired artery. In phantom studies, it was found that the level of selectivity could be controlled by the sequence parameters, and that the achievable labeling efficiency was at a level of ∼80% compared to a regular, nonselective CASL experiment. In a volunteer study we acquired high‐quality images of the perfusion territories of the internal carotid artery (ICA), the basilar artery (BA), the middle cerebral artery (MCA), and both anterior cerebral arteries (ACAs). The results show the method's flexibility for different geometries and flow velocities. Potential applications include perfusion territory imaging of smaller cerebral arteries, and selective angiography techniques. Magn Reson Med 53:1006–1012, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fabrication of buried waveguides and nanocrystals in Er3+‐doped oxyfluoride glass
Authors: Tikhomirov V. K. , Seddon A. B. , Koch J. , Wandt D. , Chichkov B. N. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractWe report on direct writing of three‐dimensional structures within the bulk of the Er3+‐doped oxyfluoride precursor glass using tightly focused femtosecond Ti‐sapphire laser pulses at 800 nm wavelength. Buried 1 µm diameter channel and spherical waveguides and three‐dimensional periodic arrays of 1 µm diameter dots have been fabricated. In the latter case, the dot could be written with a single 25 fs laser pulse. When the laser pulse energy exceeded 10 µJ/pulse/µm2, the writing resulted in nano‐ceraming of the precursor glass and creation of about 2 to 3 nm diameter Er3+‐doped fluoride nanocrystals within the written dots/waveguides, as confirmed by a characteristic change in shape of the 1.5 µm photoluminescence band of the Er3+ ions. The diameter of the buried dots/wave‐guides, and the photoinduced change of their refractive index, can be varied by changing the number of femtosecond laser pulses, the beam waist diameter, and/or laser intensity. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electronic structures and spectra for triepoxides of fullerene C78O3
Authors: Teng Qiwen , Wu Shi 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe equilibrium structures and relative stabilities of the possible 21 lower‐energy isomers for C78O3 based on C78 (C2v) were studied by intermediate neglect of differential overlap (INDO) calculations. It was indicated that the most stable geometry is 28,29,30,31,52,53‐C78O3, where three oxygen atoms are added to the same hexagon passed by the longest axis of C78 (C2v) and epoxide structures are formed. Electronic spectra of C78O3 isomers were investigated based on the optimized geometries. The blue shift of the absorptions for 28,29,30,31,52,53‐C78O3 compared with that of C78 (C2v) was rationalized and nature of transition of the peaks discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005