bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rearrangements of (chloromethyl)organylsilanes induced by Lewis acids or by Lewis bases: Regioselective methylenation of allylic systems
Authors: Eisch John J. , Chiu Chingchen S. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn order to study the scope and mechanisms of the migration of organyl groups from silicon to its adjacent methylene carbon, a series of derivatives of the type RSiMe2CH2Cl were synthesized, where R is vinyl, benzyl, methallyl, phenylethynyl, aryloxy, and N‐methylanilino. Attempts were then undertaken to induce such Si → C shifts by either the Lewis acid, methylaluminum dichloride, or the Lewis base, potassium fluoride. Under Lewis acidic conditions, only the benzyl and methylallyl groups could be induced to migrate; clearly, in the case of benzyl (and probably in the case of methallyl), migration was accompanied by allylic rearrangement to produce the o‐tolyl group. Under the agency of KF, all the groups investigated underwent rearrangement to produce FSiMe2CH2R. By a crossover experiment, it was shown that, when R = aryloxy, the rearrangement occurs intermolecularly. Experimental evidence indicates that all KF‐induced migrations are probably intermolecular and all MeAlCl2‐induced migrations considered here are intramolecular. The advantages for organosilicon synthesis of utilizing so‐called “relay substitution reactions” with the ClSiR2CH2Cl system are discussed:
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With unsymmetrical allylic systems, regioselective methylenation now becomes possible, simply by inducing the Si → C rearrangement by MeAlCl2 or by KF.
Substitution reactions at silicon under strongly acidic conditions: Ligand metathesis between methyltrichlorosilane and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane
Authors: Jiang Jianxiong , Brook Michael A. , Dickson James M. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA study of the reactions between methyltrichlorosilane (MeSiCl3) and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) in the presence of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (HOTf) showed that nucleophilic substitution in CHCl3 solution at the trifunctional silicon was surprisingly slow in comparison with the rate of equilibration/polymerization of D4. The reaction rate at MeSiCl3 was significantly faster with water present and faster still in THF. In these reactions, there was no evidence for SiOH groups (29Si NMR), even in the presence of excess water. The overriding criterion for relative reactivity toward nucleophilic substitution under strongly acidic conditions is the relative leaving group ability of the groups on silicon. Once MeSiCl3 begins to participate in the redistribution reactions, mono‐ 3 and tri‐ 5, but not di‐substituted 4 systems are formed (MeSiCl3−x(DnSiMe2Z (Z = OTf, Cl))x, x = 1, 3), likely through an intramolecular reaction. The mechanisms of nucleophilic substitution at silicon under these conditions are discussed.
Reactions of bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl]germylene and the corresponding stannylene with diazidosilanes
Authors: Ohtaki Toshiyuki , Kabe Yoshio , Ando Wataru 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe reactions of bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl]‐germylene (1) and the corresponding stannylene (2) with di‐tert‐butyldiazidosilane gave N‐(azidosilyl)germanimine (4) and the stannanimine (5) in quantitative yields. The structures have been confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Crystal data for 4: space group P1, Z = 2, a = 9.236 (1), b = 12.066 (1), c = 17.068 (1) Å, α = 98.45 (1), β = 90.43, γ = 110.27 (1)°. V = 1761.3 Å3, R = 0.051, and Rw = 0.069 based on 4218 reflections with |Fo2| ⩾ 3σ|Fo2|. For 5: space group P1, Z = 2, a = 9.183 (1), b = 12.193 (1), c = 17.292 (1) Å, α = 98.74 (1), β = 90.21, γ = 109.96 (1)°, V = 1795.5 Å3, R = 0.040, and Rw = 0.051 based on 4795 reflections. The similar reactions of 1 and 2 with 1,3‐diazidohexamethyltrisilane (16) provided azatrisilacyclobutanes quantitatively.
Reactions of iPr2NCP with methylating agents: Formation of the diamino‐2‐phosphaallylic cation ⊕
Authors: Grobe Joseph , Le Van Duc , Hegemann Marianne , Krebs Bernt , Läge Mechtild 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe reaction of di(isopropyl)aminophosphaethyne 1 with iodomethane or the methyl ester of trifluormethylsulfonic acid (methyl triflate) yields the ionic 1λ3, 3λ3‐diphosphetene derivatives + X− (2a: X = I; 2b: X = CF3SO3). On the basis of NMR spectroscopic and X‐ray diffraction studies, the cation can be described as a combination of an amino‐2‐phosphaallylic cation and its methylated derivative.
Aminolysis of P‐trichloro‐N‐dichlorophosphorylmonophosphazene and the crystal structure of 1‐(dichlorophosphinyl)‐2‐chloro‐2,2‐bis(diisopropylamino)phosphazene
Authors: Kılıçc Zeynel , Gündüz Necla , Yıldız Mustafa , Kılıçc Adem , Mor Sevtap , Ercan Filiz , Hökelek Tuncer , Ülkü Dinçer 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe reactions of Cl3PNP(O)Cl2 (1) with primary and secondary amines have been studied. The following monophosphazenes, (RRN)3PNP(O)(NRR)2, and bis(phosphinoyl)amines, [(RRN)2P(O)]2NH were isolated: NRR = NHCH2Ph, Net2, NH(CH2)2CH3 groups for monophosphazenes, and Net2, NH(CH2)2CH3 for phosphinoyl amines. The unexpected geminal phosphazene, Cl(RRN)2PNP(O)Cl2, {RRN = N[CH(CH3)2]2}, was also obtained in moderate yield. The spectral data (IR, 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR, and MS) are presented. The structure of 1‐(dichlorophosphinyl)‐2‐chloro‐2,2‐bis(diisopropylamino)phosphazene ( 5) was determined by X‐ray crystallography. The basicities of these and related compounds in nonaqueous nitrobenzene solution were obtained by potentiometric titration.
Conformational studies of 2‐anilino‐substituted 1,3,2‐oxazaphospholanes
Authors: Setzer William N. , Flair Mark N. , Yang Xiao‐Jing , Wu Chia‐Kuei , Meehan Edward J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA series of 2‐anilino‐2‐thio‐1,3,2‐oxazaphospholanes derived from ephedrine has been synthesized and conformationally studied by proton NMR and X‐ray crystallography. The NMR data can be interpreted in terms of twist‐envelope conformations in which the anilino substituents on phosphorus adopt predominantly equatorial positions. X‐ray crystal structures of (2R,4S,5S)‐2‐anilino‐2‐thio‐3,4‐dimethyl‐5‐phenyl‐1,3‐2‐oxazaphospholane, (2R,4S,5S)‐2‐(4‐fluoroanilino)‐2‐thio‐3,4‐dimethyl‐5‐phenyl‐1,3,2‐oxazaphospholane, and (2R,4S,5S)‐2‐(4‐methoxyanilino)‐2‐thio‐3,4‐dimethyl‐5‐phenyl‐1,3,2‐oxazaphosholane have been carried out, and these compounds adopt envelop, twist‐envelope, and twist‐envelope conformations, respectively, with the anilino moieties equatorial.
Synthesis of the P‐sulfide derivatives of 3‐phosphabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes and 1,2‐dihydrophosphinines
Authors: Keglevich György , Tőke László , Lovász Csaba , Újszászy Kálmán , Szalontai Gábor 
Published: January 2005

AbstractSeveral 3‐phosphabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane 3‐oxides have been transformed into the corresponding sulfides by reaction with phosphorus pentasulfide. The 3‐phenyl derivative could also be prepared by deoxygenation of the oxide followed by reaction with elemental sulfur. Opening of the cyclopropane ring in phosphabicyclohexane sulfides afforded mixtures of 3‐ and 5‐methyl‐1,2‐dihydro‐phosphinine‐1‐sulfides. Because of better yields, preparation of these products by thionation of the dihydrophosphinine oxides is more appropriate. The new phosphorus heterocycles have been characterized by 31P, 13C, and 1H NMR and mass spectral data.
Charge‐transfer complexes between some S‐methylated derivatives of 5,5‐dimethyl‐2,4‐dithiohydantoin and molecular diiodine. A UV‐Visible, IR, FT‐Raman, and 13C NMR study
Authors: Cristiani Franco , Devillanova Francesco A. , Garau Alessandra , Isaia Francesco , Lippolis Vito , Verani Gaetano 
Published: January 2005

AbstractEquilibrium constants (K) and thermodynamic parameters for the charge‐transfer complexes between diiodine and Δ3‐4‐S‐methyl‐5,5‐dimethylimidazolidine‐2‐thione (1), 2‐S‐methyl‐5,5‐dimethylimidazolidine‐4‐thione (2), and Δ1‐Δ3‐2S‐methyl‐4‐S‐methyl‐5,5‐dimethylimidazolidine (3) have been determined in CH2Cl2 by UV‐Visible spectroscopy. Depending on the solvent polarity, compound 2 exists as a Δ1 or Δ2 tautomer; both the tautomers are present in CH2Cl2. Compounds 1 and 2 act as good donors (K = 11,000 ± 800 and 640 ± 21 dm3 mol−1, 25°C, respectively) owing to the presence of a thioamidic group in the molecule, whereas in compound 3, the N‐coordination causes a strong reduction of the formation constant (K = 14.6 ± 0.8 dm3 mol−1, 25°C). The high difference between the stability constants of 1 and 2 has been ascribed to an intramolecular hydrogen bonding between NH and the bonded iodine, which can be possible only for 1. Additional spectroscopic data (FT‐Raman, NMR) enables a deeper understanding of the mutual interaction between donors and diiodine.
(Trialkylstannyl)cuprates: A spectroscopic and chemical investigation
Authors: Sharma Sunaina , Martin Robin A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractLow‐temperature 1H, 13C, and 119Sn NMR spectroscopic techniques were used to probe the nature of cuprates derived from Me3SnLi, CuCN, or CuBr · Me2S. In THF, addition of Me3SnLi and CuX (X = Br or CN) gives aggregated [Me3SnCu · LiX]n. When the ratio of stannyl anion to cuprous cation is 2 : 1, mixtures of (Me3Sn)3Cu2Li, (Me3Sn)2CuLi · LiX, and (Me3Sn)3CuLi2 are formed. This behavior is unlike either homo trialkylsilycyanocuprates, which form (R3Si)2Cu(CN)Li2 at 2 : 1 ratios of silyl anion to cuprous ion, or mixed trialkylstannyl‐ or trialkylsilyl‐cuprates, which exist as (R3M)Cu(R′)(CN)Li2 (M = Si or Sn and R′ = Me or Bu). (R3Sn)3CuLi2 is the major species when the stannyl anion to cuprous cation ratio reaches 3 : 1. On the other hand, the analogous magnesium cuprates are discrete species in solution and possess differential reactivity.
Dense energetic compounds of C, H, N, and O atoms IV nitro and azidofurazan derivatives
Authors: Gunasekaran Ananthakrishnan , Trudell Mark L. , Boyer Joseph H. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractBoth diaminofurazan 5 (DAF) and diaminoazofurazan 6 (DAAF) were converted to 5‐(4‐amino‐1,2,5‐oxadiazol‐3‐yl)‐1H‐[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5‐c][1,2,5]oxadiazol‐3‐yl‐1H‐[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5‐c][1,2,5]oxadiazolium inner salt 8 (AMOTO) (25 and 91%) in oxidations with iodobenzene diacetate and to dinitroazoxyfurazan 13 (DNAF) (4 and 15%) in oxidations with a mixture of ammonium persulfate and hydrogen peroxide in concentrated sulfuric acid. The intermediacy of diaminoazoxyfurazan 7 was supported by its conversion under similar treatment to DNAF (60%). Further oxidation by ammonium persulfate converted AMOTO 8 to 5,5′[azobis‐(1,2,5‐oxadiazole‐4,3 ‐ diyl)]bis[1H(1,2,3)triazolo ‐ [4,5‐c][1,2,5]oxadiazolium]bis(inner salt) 10. Diazidofurazan 19 (tentative assignment) was obtained from DAF 5 by tetrazotization followed by treatment with sodium azide. Aminoazido‐azofurazan 16 was obtained from diazotized DAAF by treatment with sodium azide and was converted to AMOTO 8 by an elimination of nitrogen at 25°C. Similar treatment converted tetrazotized DAAF to diazidoazofurazan 9 and 5‐(4‐azido‐1,2,5‐oxadiazol‐3‐yl) ‐ 1H ‐[1,2,3]‐triazolo[4,5‐c][1,2,5]‐oxadiazolium inner salt 15 (AZOTO) after evolution of nitrogen. Aminofurazan‐2‐ONN‐azoxyazidofurazan 17 (AAAF) was obtained from diazotized diaminoazoxyfurazan 7 by treatment with sodium azide. Excellent calculated detonation properties were obtained for DNAF 13, AZOTO 15, and AAAF 17.
Studies on phosphonium ylides XX. The behavior of Wittig reagents toward 1,4‐benzoquinone monoimines
Authors: Boulos Leila Sadek , Hennawy Ibtisam Tadros , Arsanious Mona Hizkial Nasr 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWittig reagents (1a–c) react with N‐(phenylsulfonyl)‐1,4‐benzoquinone monoimine 2a to give adducts 3a, 4a, and 4b. On the other hand, the reactions of 2b with the same ylides (1a–c) yield the new products 3b, 6a, and 6b, respectively. Mechanisms accounting for the formation of the new products are discussed and the probable structures of the products are presented, based on compatible analytical and spectral data.
The reactions of tellurium tetrachloride with acetone
Authors: Huang Chang‐Kai , Marhold Harold , O'Brien Daniel H. , Irgolic Kurt J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe reactions of acetone with tellurium tetrachloride have been studied with the aid of proton, carbon‐13, and tellurium‐125 NMR spectroscopy. In the absence of a proton scavenger, such as sodium hydrogen carbonate, at ambient temperature, a 2 : 1 ratio of acetone to tellurium tetrachloride quickly forms mainly acetonyl tellurium trichloride. At higher temperatures and after longer periods, the initially formed acetonyl tellurium trichloride is converted to 2‐methyl‐4‐oxo‐2‐penten‐1‐yl tellurium trichloride through an acidcatalyzed aldol condensation. In the presence of sodium hydrogen carbonate, the condensation reaction is prevented, and an equilibrium mixture of acetonyl tellurium trichloride and bis(acetonyl) tellurium dichloride is formed.
Iodine‐induced E/Z isomerization of sterically protected 3,4‐diphosphinidenecyclobutenes and 1‐phosphaethenes
Authors: Toyota Kozo , Tashiro Katsuya , Abe Tetsuya , Yoshifuji Masaaki 
Published: January 2005

AbstractSterically protected (E,E)‐3,4‐bis(2,4,6‐tri‐t‐butylphenylphosphinidene)dialkylcyclobutenes were isomerized to the corresponding (E,Z) derivatives in the presence of catalytic amounts of iodine. Similar iodine‐induced isomerizations were observed in the case of (E)‐ and (Z)‐2‐phenyl‐1‐(2,4,6‐tri‐t‐butylphenyl)‐1‐phosphaethenes.
NAD(P)+–NAD(P)H models. 84. Stereochemistry controlled by the electronic effect from a sulfinyl group
Authors: Ohno Atsuyoshi , Yamazaki Norimasa , Tsutsumi Akihiro , Mikata Yuji , Okamura Mutsuo 
Published: January 2005

Abstract2,3‐Dihydro‐2,2,4‐trimethylthieno[3,2‐b]pyridinium 1‐oxide iodide (1) has been reacted with various inorganic and organic hydride donors. It has been found that the stereochemistry of reaction is controlled by the orientation of the sulfinyl dipole, and the relative bulkiness of substituents plays no role in determining the reaction face: a reactive hydride donor prefers to attack at the anti‐face with respect to the sulfinyl dipole, whereas a less reactive hydride donor prefers to attack at the syn‐face.
Synthetic transformations of 1‐cyanomethylbenzotriazole
Authors: Katritzky Alan R. , Chen Jie , Yang Zhijun 
Published: January 2005

AbstractLithiation of 1‐cyanomethylbenzotriazole (4) with LDA and subsequent reactions with alkyl halides or carbonyl compounds afforded the corresponding 1‐(α‐cyanoalkyl)‐ and 1‐(α‐cyanoalkenyl)‐benzotriazoles. Bromination of 4 with NBS formed 1‐(bromocyanomethyl)benzotriazole. 1‐Cyanoalkylbenzotriazoles condensed with hydrazine hydrate to give 4‐amino‐3,5‐bis(benzotriazol‐1‐yl)triazoles which underwent deamination with sodium nitrite to yield 3,5‐bis(benzotriazol‐1‐yl)triazoles.
Enantioselective synthesis of alkylidene cyclohexanes by an asymmetric olefination/cross‐coupling sequence
Authors: Denmark Scott E. , Chen Chien‐Tien 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA general method for the preparation of dissymmetric olefins has been developed. The anion derived from an enantiomerically enriched P‐(phenylthiomethyl)phosphonamidate(1,3,2‐oxazaphosphorinane2‐oxide) was added to 4‐tert‐butylcyclohexanone with excellent diastereoselectivity. The β‐hydroxyphos‐phonamidate was converted into a (phenylthio)‐methylidene with excellent stereospecificity using a novel electrophile‐promoted olefination that employed trityl triflate and 2,6‐lutidine in warm acetonitrile. The vinyl sulfide underwent nickel‐catalyzed coupling with Grignard and dialkylzinc reagents to produce (S)‐4‐(tert‐butyl)alkylidenecyclohexanes with moderate to high stereospecificity.
Thermolysis, photolysis, and oxidation of an overcrowded 1,3,2‐dithiastannetane derivative
Authors: Tokitoh Norihiro , Stresing Verena , Matsuhashi Yasusuke , Okazaki Renji 
Published: January 2005

AbstractReactions of a sterically crowded 1,3,2‐dithiastannetane derivative bearing 2,4,6‐tris[bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl]phenyl (=Tbt) and 2,4,6‐triisopropylphenyl (=Tip) groups on the tin atom are described. Both thermolysis and photolysis of the 1,3,2‐dithiastannetane [Tbt(Tip)SnS2CPh2] resulted in the formation of products derived from the corresponding stannanethione [Tbt(Tip)Sn=S], while the oxidation reaction by m‐chloroperbenzoic acid gave a novel tincontaining heterocyclic system, an 1,2,4,5‐oxadithiastannolane derivative.
Synthesis and properties of a novel cyclic sulfilimine, 2‐methyl‐2,4,1‐benzodithiazin‐2‐ium‐1‐ide
Authors: Shimizu Hiroshi , Sugimoto Atsushi , Kataoka Tadashi , Hori Mikio 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA novel cyclic sulfilimine, 2‐methyl‐2,4,1‐benzodithiazin‐2‐ium‐1‐ide (4) was synthesized by deprotonation of the corresponding azasulfonium salt (3) with base. The compound 4 was oxidized with potassium permanganate to afford the sulfoximine 5, exclusively. On refluxing in several solvents, compound 4 underwent a ring contraction to afford benzothiazole (8) via the 1,2‐imino shift. The reaction of 4 with a variety of electrophiles, such as dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate, acylating agents, diphenylcyclopropenone, and phenyl isocyanate, afforded ringopened adducts. Synthetic approaches to cyclic disulfonium ylides are also described.
Investigation of the mechanism of reaction of S‐ethyl‐N,N′‐tetraethyldiamidothio‐phosphite with [C5H 5Mn(CO)2NO]+BF by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Plyamovatyi Alexandr Kh. , Mukhamadeeva Raviya M. , Milyukov Vasily A. , Sinyashin Oleg G. , Vandyukov Alexandr E. , Shagidullin Roald R. , Ginzburg Allan G. , Sokolov Vyacheslav I. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFT‐IR spectroscopy and a special mathematical program were used for the real‐time monitoring of the mechanistic path of the reaction of S‐ethyl‐N,N‐tetraethyldiamidothiophosphite with [CpMn(CO)‐2NO]+BF. The formation of a few intermediates is described.
Synthesis and reaction of selenocarbamic acid sodium and potassium salts and organo‐germanium, ‐tin, and ‐lead esters
Authors: Kato Shinzi , Kawachi Toshiaki , Ibi Kazumasa , Nakaiida Shoho , Kawai Kohji , Kanda Takahiro , Murai Toshiaki , Ishihara Hideharu 
Published: January 2005

AbstractSodium 2 and potassium selenocarbamates 3 were found to be synthesized in moderate to good yields by the reaction of carbamoyl chlorides with sodium and potassium selenides. The salts 2 and 3 reacted with alkyl halides and organo‐germanium, ‐tin, and ‐lead chlorides to give the corresponding esters 7–9 in good yields.
Reactions of diselenoic acid esters with amines and X‐ray crystal structure analyses of aromatic selenoamides
Authors: Murai Toshiaki , Mizutani Tomoyoshi , Kanda Takahiro , Kato Shinzi 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAromatic diselenoic acid Se‐methyl esters 1 react with amines at 0°C in tetrahydrofuran (THF) to yield selenoamides in moderate to good yields. The reaction course is highly dependent on the steric requirements of both starting materials. In the reactions of the ester 1a with 2‐methylpiperidine and of the ester 1b with piperidine, the starting materials disappear within 1 hour with the liberation of black selenium, but the corresponding selenoamides are not produced. These results may be ascribed to the steric congestion caused by the formation of the selenoamide group from the tetrahedral intermediate 15. X‐ray crystal structure analyses of the selenoamides 3 and 9 have been performed. The bond length of C(Se)N is shorter than a carbon nitrogen single bond. On the other hand, the CSe bond is longer than that of the ordinary carbon‐selenium double bond. These results are indicative of the efficient delocalization of the electrons of nitrogen to the carbon–selenium double bond. The double bond character between the carbon attached to selenium and the nitrogen is also supported by the nitrogen atom showing sp2 character. When a methyl group is introduced at the meta position of the aromatic ring, the deviation of the aromatic ring from the plane involving the carbon–selenium double bond and nitrogen atom becomes substantially large, perhaps due to the steric bulkiness of the selenium atom.
Facile synthesis of some novel pyrrole and pyridazinoquinazolone derivatives
Authors: Kandeel Zaghloul E. , Farag Ahmad M. , Abdelrazek Fathy M. 
Published: January 2005

Abstract3‐Dicyanomethylene‐3‐phenylpropionitrile coupled with diazotized aromatic amines (Ar‐NH2) to afford hydrazono derivatives. The latter (Ar = C6H5, 4‐CH3C6H4, 4‐CH3OC6H4, and 4‐ClC6H4) were readily cyclized upon reflux in aqueous NaOH to 3(2H) pyridazinimine derivatives, which were readily transformed into their corresponding pyridazinone derivatives on reflux in ethanolic HCl. The pyridazinimines undergo reductive cleavage and recyclization via loss of ammonia to afford the corresponding N‐aryl pyrroles on reflux in glacial acetic acid with Zn dust. The pyridazinone derivatives, however, undergo the same reaction but with loss of the aromatic amine moiety to afford only one pyrrolone derivative. The hydrazono derivative (Ar = 2‐NCC6H4) was cyclized into pyridazino[3,2‐b]quinazolin‐6‐imine, which is easily converted into pyridazino[3,2‐b]quinazolin‐6‐one on reflux in ethanolic HCl. The latter compound is also obtained from the hydrazo derivatives (Ar = 2‐HOOCC6H4 and 2‐MeOOCC6H4) by reflux in aqueous NaOH.
Activated nitriles in heterocyclic synthesis: Novel syntheses of 3H‐1,2,4‐triazolo‐[1,5‐a]pyridine derivatives
Authors: Aziz Suzan I. , Kandeel Zaghloul E. , Husein Mona M. , Gohary Salem El , Abou El Maged Eiman I. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA new route for the synthesis of 3H‐1,2,4‐triazolo[1,5‐a]pyridines 7a–j, 12a,b, and 17a,b utilizing the reaction of the hydrazones of cyanoethanoic acid hydrazide 3a,b with ylidene malononitriles 2a–e, malononitrile, and 3‐aminocrotononitrile is described.
Radical reduction of cyclic xanthates: Formation of alkenes and/or 1,3‐oxathiolanes from 1,3‐oxathiolane‐2‐thiones
Authors: Uenishi Jun'ichi , Kunugi Takayuki , Kubo Yuki 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAIBN‐initiated radical reactions of 5‐membered cyclic xanthates, 1,3‐oxathiolane‐2‐thiones, with tributyltin hydride are described. Alkenes are formed at 0.025 M concentration of tributyltin hydride, whereas a higher concentration (0.25 M) gives 1,3‐oxathiolanes. A mixture of alkene and 1,3‐oxathiolane is obtained by use of intermediate concentrations. Reactions of cis‐and trans‐4,5‐dialkyl‐1,3‐oxathiolane‐2‐thiones with tributyltin hydride afford E‐alkenes stereoselectively. For an application of this alkene formation reaction, geraniol has been converted to linalool silyl ether in good yield.
Reactions of 3,5‐diethoxycarbonyl 1,2,4‐diazaphospholes and arsoles with alkyl vinyl ethers, sulfur ylides, and diazocompounds
Authors: De Dianous Patricia , Himdi‐Kabbab Souad , Hamelin Jack 
Published: January 2005

Abstract3,5‐Diethoxycarbonyl 1,2,4‐diazaphospholes and arsoles undergo N‐alkylation by reaction with alkyl vinyl ether, sulfur ylides, and diazocompounds, owing to the acidity of the NH group. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Syntheses and characterization of pentacoordinate organo‐tin(IV) complexes II
Authors: Wang Ji‐Tao , Zhang Yun‐Wen , Xu Yu‐Ming , Wang Zhi‐Wen 
Published: January 2005

AbstractNine substituted benzoyl hydrazonyl, three semicarbazonyl, and four thiosemicarbazonyl tridentate ligands were synthesized. They were used to coordinate with Bu2SnCl2 or (PhCH2)2SnCl2 to form 18 novel tin complexes that contained pentacoordinate organotin(IV) in a heterobicyclic ring. All these complexes were characterized by MS, NMR, and IR spectroscopy elemental analyses. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
New method for the synthesis of 3(2H)‐pyridazinones and their alkene precursors: Solvent‐free reactions under microwave irradiation
Authors: Jolivet Sandrine , Texier‐Boullet Françoise , Hamelin Jack , Jacquault Patrick 
Published: January 2005

AbstractSeveral 3(2H)‐pyridazinones4were prepared from monophenylhydrazones of 1,2 dicarbonyl compounds1and various active methylene compounds2within 1−15 minutes, without solvent, under microwave irradiation, in the presence of carefully adjusted amounts of piperidine or solid potassium t‐butoxide. The intermediate alkenes3were successfully prepared in several cases. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.