bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Temperature Pyrolysis Regulation of Schiff Base 3 d Coordination Clusters for Electrochemical Application
Authors: Wang Zhao , Rong Hongwei , Yang Xixian , Xi Xiaoxue , Chen Xueli , Li Yuebin , Yi Renshuai , Peng Xu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract3Dtransition metal coordination clusters, as structurally diverse and designable metal‐organic hybrid systems, enable deliberate modulation of active sites and bridging motifs within their structural kernels, making them ideal precursors for tailored nanostructures via pyrolysis. Through precise control over metal/organic ratios, the composition, spatial configuration, and electronic structure of derived nanomaterials can be effectively regulated, holding great promise for establishing structure‐property relations and achieving optimized functional materials. In this review, nanostructures of Schiff base coordination clusters to control and optimize electrochemical energy storage/conversion performances. Specifically, coordination framework engineered clusters have been pyrolyzed into electrode materials for supercapacitors and electrocatalysts for oxygen/hydrogen evolution reactions, exhibiting significantly enhanced capacitance and catalytic activity. Furthermore, perspectives are provided on employing molecular‐level design principles of clusters in combination with pyrolysis optimization to develop next‐generation customized energy systems. Additional investigation into structure‐performance interdependencies will shed light on targeted optimization of cluster‐derived nanostructures.
Alloy Catalysts for Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Zhang Rong , Ma Xintao , Zhang Shaoce , Li Qing , Zhao Yuwei , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractElectrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3−RR) represents a promising ammonia (NH3) production approach and has garnered significant attention in recent years. Owing to the highly tunable electronic structures and physicochemical properties, alloy materials have emerged as highly efficient catalysts for electrochemical NO3−RR. This review systematically examines the recent advancements in alloy catalysts including binary alloys and multi‐metal alloys for electrochemical NO3−RR, comprehensively analyzing their structure, catalytic activity, and the mechanisms for NO3−RR. In addition, the relationship between alloy catalysts′ composition, active sites, and catalytic activity are described, aiming to elucidate the underlying principles for high catalytic activity and guide the rational design of future alloy catalysts. Finally, this review addresses the challenges of alloy catalysts and proposes directions for future research and development.
The Impact of Sinusoidal Amplitude on Visualising Thermodynamic Dispersion in Fourier Transformed AC Voltammetry
Authors: Dale‐Evans Alister R. , Yates Nicholas D. J. , Snitkoff‐Sol Rifael Z. , Elbaz Lior , Bond Alan M. , Gavaghan David J. , Parkin Alison 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMathematical models of voltammetric experiments commonly contain a singular point value for the reversible potential, whereas experimental data for surface‐confined redox‐active species is often interpreted to contain thermodynamic dispersion, meaning the population of molecules on the electrode possess a distribution of reversible potential values. Large amplitude ramped Fourier Transformed Alternating Current Voltammetry (FTacV), a technique in which a sinusoidal potential‐time oscillation is overlaid onto a linear potential‐time ramp, is known to provide access to higher order harmonic components that are largely devoid of non‐Faradaic current. Initially, a theoretical study reveals that the use of very large amplitude sinusoidal oscillations reduces the apparent effects of thermodynamic dispersion; conversely, frequency can be varied to change the sensitivity of the measurement to kinetic dispersion. Subsequently, FTacV measurements are used to probe a highly thermodynamically dispersed surface‐confined ferrocene derivative attached to a glassy carbon electrode, with amplitudes ranging from 25 to 300 mV and low frequency, which minimises the impact of kinetic dispersion. The results from the experimental study validate the theoretical predictions, demonstrating that we can vary the amplitude in FTacV experiments to tune in and out of thermodynamic dispersion.
Metastatic Hobnail Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Initially Diagnosed by Pleural Effusion: Case Report of a Rare and Intriguing Entity
Authors: Hawes Julia , Strange Taylor , Iqbal Fatima , Clement Cecilia G. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHobnail papillary thyroid carcinoma (HNPTC) is an unusual and aggressive variant of PTC. Malignant pleural effusion secondary to thyroid carcinoma is a rare event reported in less than 1% of cases. Herein we present a case of metastatic HNPTC initially diagnosed by pleural effusion cytology, with a very poor outcome. A 42‐year‐old male with no previous cancer history, presented with an anterior neck mass growing for the past year. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a large complex cystic lesion with mass effect on the anterior thyroid gland, along with multiple neck and mediastinal necrotic lymph nodes, suspicion for metastasis. CT of the thorax showed lung nodules and a large left pleural effusion. Fluid was drained and sent for cytologic examination which revealed malignant cells predominantly in a micropapillary pattern with apically placed, bulged, “hobnail‐like” appearance; intranuclear pseudo‐inclusions or chromatin clearing was not seen. Based on cytomorphologic findings and immunohistochemical results (CK7 and PAX‐8 positive; TTF‐1, Napsin‐A, and mesothelial markers negative), final diagnosis of HNPTC metastatic to pleural fluid was made. Fine‐needle aspiration of neck mass showed similar cytomorphologic findings, confirming a thyroid origin. However, the patient experienced complications, rapid deterioration and died 6 months after diagnosis. The intersection of clinical‐radiologic findings, cytology, and immunohistochemistry guided the identification of this rare variant of PTC as the origin of the malignant pleural effusion. We believe this case provides a valuable insight into the complexities involved in the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma and emphasizes the significance of proper identification of rare variants.
Breeding‐Related Changes in Social Interactions Among Female Vulturine Guineafowl
Authors: Dehnen Tobit , Nyaguthii Brendah , Cherono Wismer , Boogert Neeltje J. , Farine Damien R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAgonistic and affiliative interactions with group members dictate individual access to resources, and investment in competing for resources is often traded off with other needs. For example, reproductive investment can reduce body condition and, thereby, an individual's ability to win future agonistic interactions. However, group members may also alter their behaviour towards reproductive individuals, such as becoming more or less aggressive. Here, we investigated the social consequences of reproduction in female vulturine guineafowl Acryllium vulturinum, a plural breeder in which females disperse and are subordinate to males. We found opposing patterns for within‐ and between‐sex dominance interactions experienced by females from before to after breeding. Specifically, breeding females became far less likely to win dominance interactions with non‐breeding females after breeding than before breeding, but received considerably fewer male aggressions than non‐breeding females after breeding. Despite a limited sample size, our study reveals that reproduction can have nuanced trade‐offs with dominance and suggests that the study of dominance may benefit from explicitly considering variation in interaction rates as an additional factor affecting individuals.
Real‐world comparative effectiveness of sacubitril/valsartan versus RAS inhibition alone in patients with de novo heart failure
Authors: Bhatt Ankeet S. , Vaduganathan Muthiah , Jena Barada P. , Suminska Sylwia , Eid Carlos , Schwende Heike , Senni Michele 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsLarge‐scale, real‐world data on early initiation of sacubitril/valsartan in patients newly diagnosed (de novo) with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) are limited. We examined the effectiveness of sacubitril/valsartan versus angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) on all‐cause and cause‐specific hospitalizations among patients with de novo HFrEF from the Optum® dataset in the United States.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included adult patients with de novo HFrEF (diagnosed ≤30 days) with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40% who were first prescribed with sacubitril/valsartan or ACEi/ARB from 1 January 2016 to 31 March 2020. The primary endpoint (all‐cause hospitalization) and secondary endpoints were analysed in propensity score‐matched cohorts.ResultsA cohort of 3290 patients with de novo HFrEF who were prescribed with sacubitril/valsartan and a propensity‐matched cohort of 6580 patients who were prescribed with ACEi/ARB were analysed. Overall, the mean (SD) age of patients was 63 (14) years, 34% were women, and baseline characteristics were balanced across treatment groups. Hypertension (67%), diabetes (33%) and chronic kidney disease (28%) were highly prevalent comorbidities. Patients in the sacubitril/valsartan cohort when compared with the ACEi/ARB cohort had lower annual rates of all‐cause hospitalizations [incidence rate ratio (IRR): 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.75–0.89, P < 0.001], cardiovascular (CV) hospitalizations (IRR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.73–0.87, P < 0.001) and HF hospitalizations (IRR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78–0.95, P = 0.002).ConclusionsAmong patients with de novo HFrEF, sacubitril/valsartan (compared with that of ACEi/ARB) was associated with fewer all‐cause, CV and HF hospitalizations. These findings are consistent with clinical trial evidence suggesting potential benefits of early initiation of sacubitril/valsartan in patients with HFrEF, including those soon after diagnosis.
Enhancement of Hydrogen Production Using an Integrated Evacuated Tube Solar Collector and PEM Electrolyzer With Al2O3 and SiO2 Hybrid Nanofluids
Authors: Sathish T. , Saravanan R. , Arunachalam S. Jothi , Giri Jayant , Al‐lehaibi Moaz , Lalvani J. Isaac JoshuaRamesh 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe motivation for this study stems from the global demand for clean energy solutions and the limitations of conventional fluids in hydrogen production systems. By exploring hybrid nanofluids, this research aims to enhance efficiency and sustainability in solar‐thermal energy applications. An evacuated tube solar collector (ETSC) with a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzer efficiently harnesses solar energy for hydrogen production. The ETSC's vacuum design minimizes heat loss, providing consistent thermal performance. This system enables clean hydrogen generation, reducing emissions. This study investigated the integration of an ETSC with a PEM electrolyzer and organic Rankine cycle (ORC) for efficient hydrogen production. Water as the working fluid in the ETSC circuit resulted in lower hydrogen production rates, prompting the introduction of Al2O3 and SiO2 hybrid nanoparticles at a 50:50 ratio to form an enhanced hybrid nanofluid. The resulting various volume concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%) of the hybrid nanofluid were tested, yielding energy gains of 13.22%, 21.37%, 30.38%, and 48.52%, respectively, compared to water. The ORC efficiency enhanced by 12.29% at 0.5 vol.%, 23.10% at 1 vol.%, 34.15% at 1.5 vol.%, and 48.40% at 2 vol.%. The PEM electrolyzer produced a maximum hydrogen yield of 3105.6 g, with an overall system efficiency of 71.3% and hydrogen production of 2156.7 g at 2 vol.%, demonstrating the significant performance enhancements achieved with hybrid nanofluids. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of hybrid nanofluids in enhancing system efficiency and hydrogen output, underscoring their importance in promoting sustainable hydrogen production technologies.
Studies on Utilization of Millets and Erythritol for Development of Low Calorie Multi Millet Muffin
Authors: Sabale Anjali N. , Udachan Iranna S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe increasing consumer preference for healthier snack options is driving innovation in low calorie food products. The aim of this study was to develop low‐calorie multi‐millet muffins by incorporating nutritious millets and substituting sugar with erythritol, thereby providing a healthier alternative. A set of trials were conducted using response surface methodology to optimize millet flours and study their effect on product responses. The levels of finger millet flour, foxtail millet flour, barnyard millet flour and refined wheat flour were kept between 20–60 g, 20–40 g, 20–50 g, and 20–60 g respectively. According to the outcome, the optimum formula was one with 20 g finger millet flour, 20 g foxtail millet flour, 40 g barnyard millet flour and 60 g refined wheat flour. To optimize erythritol, six formulations were prepared including a control muffin with 100% sugar and others with sugar to erythritol ratios of (80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80, 0:100) respectively. Muffins were analyzed for their physical, textural and chemical properties. Sensory evaluation of muffins was done by a semi‐trained panel using the nine‐point hedonic scale. Sensory analysis revealed that muffin formulation with 80% erythritol was highly accepted by panelists for its color, flavor, taste, texture, and overall acceptability.
Diagnosis and treatment of AML in the context of WHO and ICC 2022 classifications: Divergent nomenclature converges on common therapies
Authors: Platzbecker Uwe , Larson Richard A. , Gurbuxani Sandeep 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAs a consequence of rapidly developing genetic technologies and advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the classification of AML has moved gradually from a morphologic and cytochemical‐based system to one that is genetically defined. Recent molecular and genetic developments have been integrated into the diagnostic criteria for AML in the fifth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours and the 2022 International Consensus Classification (ICC) of Myeloid Neoplasms and Acute Leukemias, expanding the list of genetically defined entities. In this review article, we use a case‐based format describing the diagnostic workup, risk stratification, and possible treatment options to highlight the impact of the 2022 WHO and ICC classifications on clinical practice. We show that despite much commentary and anguish, there is a significant overlap between the two classifications. We further highlight the fact that even for entities with divergent nomenclature, such as TP53‐mutated AML, the actual genetic lesion leads to convergent therapy.
Recurrence of seminoma 48 years after orchiectomy: Longest late recurrence and treatment
Authors: Miyazaki Shinya , Ogura Ryota , Ohashi Munehiro , Shimizu Teruki , Taga Hideto , Ueda Takashi , Okumi Masayoshi , Hongo Fumiya , Ukimura Osamu 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionAlthough not frequent, the recurrence of seminoma later than 5–10 years after orchiectomy has been reported. We report a case of recurrence of seminoma 48 years after orchiectomy, with metastasis to the para‐aorta that was treated with chemotherapy.Case presentationAn 83‐year‐old man had an incidentally enlarged para‐aortic lymph node noted on computed tomography. Needle biopsy revealed metastasis from a seminoma that had been treated with orchiectomy at age 35. Chemotherapy was introduced but discontinued after the first course due to side effects. However, a decrease in fluorodeoxyglucose accumulation on positron emission tomography was observed, with no subsequent re‐enlargement of the tumor.ConclusionChemotherapy was introduced for an elderly patient with the longest known late relapse. Dose reduction should be considered in cases with good prognosis, considering factors such as age.
Development of a Double Tuned 2H/31P Whole‐Body Birdcage Transmit Coil for 2H and 31P MR Applications From Head to Toe at 7 T
Authors: Gursan Ayhan , Kahraman‐Agir Busra , Gosselink Mark , Welting Dimitri , Froeling Martijn , Hoogduin Hans , Wiegers Evita C. , Prompers Jeanine J. , Klomp Dennis W. J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDeuterium (2H) and phosphorus (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) are complementary methods for evaluating tissue metabolism noninvasively in vivo. Combined 2H and 31P MRS would therefore be of interest for various applications, from cancer to diabetes. Loop coils are commonly used in X‐nuclei studies in the human body for both transmit and receive. However, loop coils suffer from limited penetration depth and inhomogeneous B1+ field. The purpose of this work is to develop a double tuned 2H/31P whole‐body birdcage transmit coil for 7 T for 2H and 31P MRS imaging (MRSI) with homogeneous excitation over a large field‐of‐view. The performance of the 2H/31P birdcage coil was assessed on B1+ fields over a body‐sized phantom at 2H and 31P frequencies using an 8‐channel 2H/31P receive array. Using two elements of the 2H/31P receive array, natural abundance 2H and 31P 3D MRSI data at rest were acquired consecutively in the brain and lower leg muscles. Additionally, 2H and 31P 3D MRSI data were acquired from one volunteer 90 min after [6,6′‐2H2]‐glucose intake, using 8‐channel 2H/31P receive array around the abdomen. The B1+ variation of the whole‐body birdcage coil over the phantom was 12.1% for 2H and 19.2% for 31P. High‐quality 2H and 31P 3D MRSI data were acquired from the brain and the lower leg. Whole liver coverage was achieved in both 2H and 31P 3D MRSI data. The developed 2H/31P whole‐body birdcage transmit coil allows simultaneous 3D mapping of glucose and energy metabolism and membrane turnover throughout the human body.
Command Filtered Adaptive Fuzzy Event‐Triggered Control for Stochastic Time‐Delay Nonlinear System With Time‐Varying Output Constraints
Authors: Zhao Xuejing , Zhao Junsheng , Sun Zongyao , Lan QiXun , Yu Dengxiu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this article, an adaptive fuzzy event‐triggered tracking control strategy is proposed for stochastic time‐delay nonlinear systems with time‐varying output constraints based on command filtered technology. First, we combine a barrier Lyapunov function with the backstepping method to deal with the time‐varying asymmetric output constraints. Simultaneously, the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional is employed to compensate for the effect of time‐delay. Second, a command filtered technique is introduced to address the “explosion of complexity” issue caused by the backstepping process. Furthermore, an error compensation mechanism is established to mitigate the effects of the error generated by the command filter. Subsequently, the universal approximation capability of the fuzzy logic system is utilized to handle the system's unknown nonlinear terms. Notably, the design of the event‐triggered mechanism is effective in significantly reducing the communication burden and enhancing resource utilization. The presented control scheme not only guarantees that all signals in the closed‐loop system are semi‐globally uniformly ultimately bounded but also remains free of Zeno behavior without violating the output constraints. Finally, two simulation examples validate the feasibility of the scheme.
Work‐Stressors and Depression and Anxiety—A Longitudinal Study of the Moderating Role of Self‐Compassion
Authors: de Krijger E. , ten Klooster P. M. , Geuze E. , Kelders S. M. , Bohlmeijer E. T. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSelf‐compassion has been defined as being open to one's suffering, not avoiding or disconnecting from it, coupled with the kind and caring motivation to alleviate one's suffering. There is increasing evidence that self‐compassion might function as a buffer against the negative mental health effects of experiencing work‐stressors. However, while this moderating role of self‐compassion has been demonstrated when measures of subjective stress are used, different studies that use measures of more objective potential stressors failed to demonstrate a moderating role of self‐compassion. Furthermore, while cross‐sectional studies offer increasing support for this moderation effect of self‐compassion, few studies have examined this in longitudinal designs which may provide more robust insight into the role of self‐compassion on the relation between work stress experiences and symptoms of depression and anxiety. The aims of the current study were to examine whether self‐compassion moderates the concurrent and prospective association between a measure of potential work‐stressors and depressive and anxious symptomatology. The method consisted of a longitudinal survey study in a sample of 246 military personnel with three measurements, half a year apart from each other. Latent moderated structural equation modelling was conducted to test the potential moderating effect of self‐compassion. Self‐compassion was shown to significantly moderate the association between work‐stressors and depressive and anxiety symptomatology, both cross‐sectionally and prospectively after 6 and 12 months. Specifically, the experience of work‐stressors was positively associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety when self‐compassion was low and this association became weaker when self‐compassion was at a medium or high level. The results of the current study suggest that higher levels of work‐related stress covary more strongly with symptoms of depression and anxiety over time in personnel with lower levels of self‐compassion.
Configuration Testing of an Artificial Pancreas System Using a Digital Twin: An Evaluative Case Study
Authors: Somers Richard , Walkinshaw Neil , Mark Hierons Robert , Elliott Jackie , Iqbal Ahmed , Walkinshaw Emma 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe recent growth in popularity of wearable medical devices has improved the quality of life of people with medical conditions. Testing such devices may require users to configure these systems using physical trials, putting themselves in potentially dangerous scenarios. Misconfiguration of such devices has caused disease misdiagnoses and incorrect drug prescriptions. Digital twins have been proposed as an opportunity to reduce such risks of testing system configurations in simulated environments, decoupling the user from the system under test. In this paper, we perform an evaluative case study to assess the use of a digital twin for configuration testing of an artificial pancreas system (APS) control algorithm. These systems regulate the blood glucose levels in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus, and so misconfigurations can cause severe hypoglycaemia or hyperglycaemia, which can be life‐threatening. We tested the OpenAPS control algorithm against 156 people's clinical data. We found that our digital twin provided an accurate simulation environment to perform configuration testing and accurately predict blood glucose–insulin behaviour. We evaluated different APS configurations, identifying a potentially unsafe configuration without the risks associated with a physical trial. We identified the challenges associated with modelling clinical data, which could lead to misinterpretations in configuration testing and the reduction of test reliability when modelling stochastic body dynamics.