bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Dimensional Accuracy of Injection‐Molded Denture Base Materials to that of Conventional Pressure‐Pack Acrylic Resin
Authors: Parvizi Ali , Lindquist Terry , Schneider Robert , Williamson Derrick , Boyer Daniel , Dawson Deborah V. 
Published: May 2004

Purpose: This study compared the linear dimensional changes of 3 injection‐molded denture base materials to that of conventionally processed polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resin.
Materials and Methods: An impression of an aluminum maxillary edentulous arch was made with a condensation silicone impression material (Denture Elasticon) to fabricate a gypsum master cast that was replicated as a silicone mold. A maxillary complete denture with acrylic teeth was waxed to full contour on the master cast and replicated to make 40 wax dentures. ERA attachments cast in metal (Rexillium) with indices milled into the centers were waxed into 3 positions in each denture for recording dimensional measurements of the wax denture. Ten dentures were allocated to each of 4 groups; Group 1 was processed using conventionally processed PMMA (Microlon), Group 2 used injection‐molded PMMA (SR‐lvocap), Group 3 employed injection‐molded nylon (Valplast), and Group 4 used injection‐molded styrene (Northern). All processed specimens were stored at room temperature (25°C, ambient humidity) for 1 week (while still on the master cast) before anteroposterior and cross‐arch measurements were made using the ERA reference points with a digital caliper. After separation from the master cast and following water storage at 37°C for 7 days additional measurements were made.
Results: An analysis of the results showed that the effect of processing was not the same for the 3 dimensions studied, regardless of which dimension was considered (p < 0.0001). The pattern of dimensional changes associated with the material type was not the same between the wax and processing stages as it was for the change between the processing and decasting stages (p < 0.0001).
Conclusions: Processing the denture base materials produced unequal deformation in different dimensions (anterior‐posterior and cross‐arch). Each material tested also responded differently to the processing stages.
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS): Survey of Current Practices
Authors: Burton Allen W. , Hassenbusch Samuel J. , Warneke Carla , Racz Gabor , Stanton‐Hicks Michael 
Published: June 2004

Abstract:Background and Objectives:  There are numerous treatments for complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). These treatments are varied in scope and include pain management therapies, psychological therapies, and physiotherapy. Treatment guidelines have been published in the past, but little information exists as to how clinicians utilize these guidelines. Moreover, there has been a paradigm shift from the older “reflex sympathetic dystrophy” (RSD) nomenclature, with largely sympathetic block driven diagnosis and therapy to more recent trends towards more inclusive “CRPS” diagnostic criteria and multidisciplinary treatment. There remains controversy regarding the selection of various techniques, and the timing of advancement through the treatment algorithm to the more aggressive, interventional techniques. We set out to determine current CRPS treatment practices of interventional pain specialists.Methods:  The authors developed a 36‐item, 15–20‐minute questionnaire. This questionnaire was sent to 453 interventional pain specialists.Results:  One‐hundred‐five surveys were returned, with 100 being complete. Eighty‐three percent of our respondents were practicing anesthesiology pain specialists who on average treat 14.9 (SD = 16.8) CRPS patients per month.Conclusions:  Our survey results revealed the use of a treatment algorithm for CRPS that consists of treatment using medical therapies (pharmacologic, blocks, catheters, and implantable devices), psychological therapies, and physiotherapy in a coordinated fashion. The trend among our survey respondents is to utilize increasingly interventional techniques after a failed 2‐ to 4‐week trial of any one particular therapy.
Pharmacokinetic Profile and Efficacy of a Fentanyl Transdermal Delivery System for Acute Postoperative Pain after Intra‐abdominal Gynecologic Surgery for Cancer
Authors: Siafaka I. , Rellia P. , Argyra E. , Iakovidou N. , Sykiotis C. , Vadalouka A. 
Published: June 2004

Abstract:Purpose:  This prospective, randomized, single‐blind study evaluated the efficacy and pharmacokinetic profile of a transdermal delivery system for fentanyl to provide relief of acute postoperative pain in patients undergoing intra‐abdominal gynecologic surgery for cancer.Methods:  Forty female patients were randomized to either transdermal fentanyl 50 µg/hour (n = 20) or transdermal placebo (n = 20). Transdermal systems were placed 1 hour preoperatively and removed 25 hours later. Pain control was supplemented with a nonopioid drug, bupivacaine 0.125–0.25%, administered through an epidural catheter via patient‐controlled epidural analgesia. Serum fentanyl concentrations, bupivacaine consumption, pain scores [visual analog scale (VAS)], sedation rating score, adverse events, and physiological parameters were recorded for 48 hours postoperatively.Results:  The minimum effective concentration of fentanyl in serum (0.63 ng/mL) was achieved at 11.3 ± 4.9 hours after application, and serum concentrations remained above this level until 13 hours after removal. The TTS‐F group had lower VAS pain scores and a significant 66% reduction in utilization of bupivacaine compared with placebo. Pain scores were significantly correlated with serum fentanyl concentration (P = 0.025). All physiological parameters fluctuated within normal range and no differences were observed between treatments. Adverse events were similar between the groups with only the incidence of local erythema significantly higher in the TTS‐F group (30% vs. 5%, P < 0.05), and sedation scores were significantly higher in the TTS‐F group during the immediate postoperative period.Conclusion:  The transdermal therapeutic system for administration of fentanyl, combined with epidural administration of a nonopioid analgesic such as bupivacaine is effective in controlling postoperative pain after gynecologic surgery. Additionally, the safety/tolerability of this regimen was similar to placebo plus bupivacaine.
Permanent Neurologic Symptoms after Prolonged Epidural Analgesia
Authors: Diaz James H. , Gould Harry J. 
Published: June 2004

Abstract:Objective:  Although transient neurologic symptoms may occur after neuraxial anesthetics with lidocaine, permanent neurologic symptoms (PNS) are unusual after uncomplicated continuous epidural analgesia (CEA). This report demonstrates that PNS may follow CEA uncomplicated by paresthesias, dural puncture, spinal hemorrhage, or intravascular local anesthetic injection; and performed with bupivacaine alone administered at high dosages with vasoconstrictors over a prolonged time period.Case Report:  An obstetrical patient developed fixed left L5‐S1 sensorimotor radiculopathy following L5‐S1 level CEA with bupivacaine alone administered at high doses (270 mg) with a vasoconstrictor (epinephrine, 225 mg) over a prolonged time period (62 hours).Conclusions:  CEA should be administered at higher lumbar levels for labor analgesia rather than at lumbosacral levels that may require higher volumes and concentrations of local anesthetics with greater potential for local anesthetic neurotoxicity. Local anesthetics with vasoconstrictors should only be used as sentinel markers of unrecognized intravascular entry, rather than as primary local anesthetics during CEA to avoid any potential for ischemic neuropathy.
Development of neuropsychiatric symptoms in poststroke patients: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Angelelli P. , Paolucci S. , Bivona U. , Piccardi L. , Ciurli P. , Cantagallo A. , Antonucci G. , Fasotti L. , Di Santantonio A. , Grasso M. G. , Pizzamiglio L. 
Published: May 2004

Objective:  The study aimed to characterize neuropsychiatric symptomatology and its evolution in a large group of poststroke patients during their first year.Method:  The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) was administered to a sample of 124 poststroke patients, divided into three independent groups on the basis of time from stroke (2, 6 and 12 months). The controls were 61 healthy subjects.Results:  A wide range of neuropsychiatric symptoms was found significant in the poststroke population: mostly depression (61%), irritability (33%), eating disturbances (33%), agitation (28%), apathy (27%) and anxiety (23%). Modifications in terms of greater depression, anxiety, irritability and eating disturbances evolved in the year following stroke. Other symptoms were significantly present depending on time from stroke. Clear relations with other clinical and demographic variables were also found.Conclusion:  Neuropsychiatric symptoms constitute an important part of comorbidity in stroke patients; thus, suitable assessment tools may improve clinical understanding of these patients.
A case study in the treatment of dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Kaufer Daniel I. 
Published: May 2004

Objective: To describe the assessment and treatment of an elderly woman with parkinsonism, progressive memory and cognitive deficits, and visual hallucinations.Method:  The patient presented with a 10‐year history of hand tremors, an 8‐year history of short‐term memory problems, and a 3–4‐year history of visual hallucinations. Treatment with donepezil and rivastigmine (successively) did not produce the desired benefits. Then she was started on galantamine 4 mg b.i.d. (escalated to 8 mg b.i.d.).Results:  The patient's social interaction improved and cognitive decline appeared to be stabilized; hallucinations and agitation were also better controlled.Conclusion:  By current criteria, this subject would be labeled as having Parkinson's disease with dementia, although she exhibited the core features of dementia with Lewy body disease. As suggested in previous studies, cholinesterase inhibitors may be effective in treating psychotic symptoms; however, all currently available agents may not be equally effective.
Patient and direct‐care staff body mass index in a state mental hospital: implications for management
Authors: Vieweg W. V. R. , Thomas M. , Janisko M. , Booth M. , Fernandez A. , Pandurangi A. , Silverman J. J. 
Published: May 2004

Objective:  Obesity is a major problem among chronically psychotic patients.Method:  We assessed body mass index (BMI) of chronically psychotic patients on admission to a state mental hospital and in follow‐up. We also compared patient BMI to staff BMI.Results:  The initial patient BMI (26.4 ± 5.8 kg/m2) was in the overweight range. The patient BMI (29.1 ± 5.8 kg/m2) increased (P < 0.0001) on follow‐up and almost reached the level of obesity. Staff BMI (35.1 ± 8.6 kg/m2) was in the obese range with 64.9% meeting criteria of obesity and 29.9% meeting criteria of morbid obesity. African‐American women made up 84.5% of clinical‐care staff and constitute the race–sex mix most vulnerable to obesity in the US. Morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2) was five times more common among these African‐American female clinical‐care staff than among African‐American women in the general US population.Conclusion:  Our findings may have treatment implications for chronically psychotic patients at risk for obesity.
How to create successful partnerships—a review of the literature
Authors: Wildridge Valerie , Childs Sue , Cawthra Lynette , Madge Bruce 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThis literature review covers a wide range of publications (articles, books, reports and government publications) that provide an overview of the wider topic of partnership working. It is not a systematic review, but the authors’ personal review, drawing largely on the resources available in the King's Fund Library. Partnership working is a key component of the UK government's modernization agenda, particularly in the health field. However, the principles of achieving successful partnership are generally applicable. The review therefore concentrates on literature that can provide guidance for people planning to set up a partnership, or re‐evaluating an existing partnership. The sections of this review comprise: definition of partnership working; types of partnership; partnership initiatives; drivers; critical success factors; barriers; benefits; the process of partnership working; evaluation and assessment tools; demolishing the Berlin Wall: government policy on partnership working; exemplars of library information service partnerships.
Community partnerships for health information training: medical librarians working with health‐care professionals and consumers in Tennessee
Authors: Stephenson Priscilla L. , Green Brenda F. , Wallace Richard L. , Earl Martha F. , Orick Jan T. , Taylor Mary Virginia 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn Tennessee, several medical library outreach projects have involved collaborative work with health‐care professionals, public librarians, consumers, faith‐based organizations and community service agencies. The authors are medical librarians who worked as consultants, trainers and project directors to promote health literacy using PubMed medline and other health information resources in the several funding projects described here. We explain the programmes briefly, focusing on lessons learned and suggestions for those who follow us.
Helping the public ‘Discover Health’ in their local library. Providing health information in public libraries: a partnership approach in Scotland
Authors: Henry Elspeth , Marley Lesley 
Published: May 2004

AbstractA partnership between the Specialist Health Promotion Service of NHS Tayside and Dundee City Council developed a project, ‘Discover Health’, to bring health information to the public. The two main formats used were traditional leaflets and Internet access via the People's Network, both available in public libraries. The steering group for the project was made up of staff from both organisations. The NHS side secured the funding; the Council side provided the accommodation and information and communication technologies. The partnership worked well, and the project is continuing, with expansion in the pipeline for other areas within Tayside. The various aspects of the functioning of the partnership are discussed. A literature review of similar initiatives is included.
Cellular Stoichiometry of the Components of the Chemotaxis Signaling Complex
Authors: Li Mingshan , Hazelbauer Gerald L. 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACT

The chemotactic sensory system of
Escherichia coli
comprises membrane-embedded chemoreceptors and six soluble chemotaxis (Che) proteins. These components form signaling complexes that mediate sensory excitation and adaptation. Previous determinations of cellular content of individual components provided differing and apparently conflicting values. We used quantitative immunoblotting to perform comprehensive determinations of cellular amounts of all components in two
E. coli
strains considered wild type for chemotaxis, grown in rich and minimal media. Cellular amounts varied up to 10-fold, but ratios between proteins varied no more than 30%. Thus, cellular stoichiometries were almost constant as amounts varied substantially. Calculations using those cellular stoichiometries and values for in vivo proportions of core components in complexes yielded an in vivo stoichiometry for core complexes of 3.4 receptor dimers and 1.6 CheW monomers for each CheA dimer and 2.4 CheY, 0.5 CheZ dimers, 0.08 CheB, and 0.05 CheR per complex. The values suggest a core unit of a trimer of chemoreceptor dimers, a dimer (or two monomers) of kinase CheA, and two CheW. These components may interact in extended arrays and, thus, stoichiometries could be nonintegral. In any case, cellular stoichiometries indicate that CheY could be bound to all signaling complexes and this binding would recruit essentially the entire cellular complement of unphosphorylated CheY, and also that phosphatase CheZ, methylesterase CheB, and methyltransferase CheR would be present at 1 per 2, per 14, and per 20 core complexes, respectively. These characteristic ratios will be important in quantitative treatments of chemotaxis, both experimental and theoretical.
Identification of
mdoD
, an
mdoG
Paralog Which Encodes a Twin-Arginine-Dependent Periplasmic Protein That Controls Osmoregulated Periplasmic Glucan Backbone Structures
Authors: Lequette Yannick , Ödberg-Ferragut Carmen , Bohin Jean-Pierre , Lacroix Jean-Marie 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACT

Osmoregulated periplasmic glucans (OPGs) of
Escherichia coli
are anionic and highly branched oligosaccharides that accumulate in the periplasmic space in response to low osmolarity of the medium. The glucan length, ranging from 5 to 12 glucose residues, is under strict control. Two genes that form an operon,
mdoGH
, govern glucose backbone synthesis. The new gene
mdoD
, which appears to be a paralog of
mdoG
, was characterized in this study. Cassette inactivation of
mdoD
resulted in production of OPGs with a higher degree of polymerization, indicating that OpgD, the
mdoD
product (according to the new nomenclature), controls the glucose backbone structures. OpgD secretion depends on the Tat secretory pathway. Orthologs of the
mdoG
and
mdoD
genes are found in various proteobacteria. Most of the OpgD orthologs exhibit a Tat-dependent secretion signal, while most of the OpgG orthologs are Sec dependent.
A Homologue ofaliBIs Found in the Capsule Region of NonencapsulatedStreptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Hathaway Lucy J. , Meier Patricia Stutzmann , Bättig Patrick , Aebi Suzanne , Mühlemann Kathrin 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACTThe epidemiology, phylogeny, and biology of nonencapsulatedStreptococcus pneumoniaeare largely unknown. Increased colonization capacity and transformability are, however, intriguing features of these pneumococci and play an important role. Twenty-seven nonencapsulated pneumococci were identified in a nationwide collection of 1,980 nasopharyngeal samples and 215 blood samples obtained between 1998 and 2002. On the basis of multilocus sequence typing and capsule region analysis we divided the nonencapsulated pneumococci into two groups. Group I was closely related to encapsulated strains. Group II had a clonal population structure, including two geographically widespread clones able to cause epidemic conjunctivitis and invasive diseases. Group II strains also carried a 1,959-bp homologue ofaliB(aliB-like ORF 2) in the capsule region, which was highly homologous to a sequence in the capsule region ofStreptococcus mitis. In addition, strains of the two major clones in group II had an additional sequence,aliB-like ORF 1 (1,968 to 2,004 bp), upstream ofaliB-like ORF 2. Expression ofaliB-like ORF 1 was detected by reverse transcription-PCR, and the corresponding RNA was visualized by Northern blotting. A gene fragment homologous tocapNof serotypes 33 and 37 suggests that group II strains were derived from encapsulated pneumococci some time ago. Therefore, loss of capsule expression in vivo was found to be associated with the importation of one or twoaliBhomologues in some nonencapsulated pneumococci.
Methylation-Independent Aerotaxis Mediated by the
Escherichia coli
Aer Protein
Authors: Bibikov Sergei I. , Miller Andrew C. , Gosink Khoosheh K. , Parkinson John S. 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACT

Aer is a membrane-associated protein that mediates aerotactic responses in
Escherichia coli
. Its C-terminal half closely resembles the signaling domains of methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs), which undergo reversible methylation at specific glutamic acid residues to adapt their signaling outputs to homogeneous chemical environments. MCP-mediated behaviors are dependent on two specific enzymes, CheR (methyltransferase) and CheB (methylesterase). The Aer signaling domain contains unorthodox methylation sites that do not conform to the consensus motif for CheR or CheB substrates, suggesting that Aer, unlike conventional MCPs, might be a methylation-independent transducer. Several lines of evidence supported this possibility. (i) The Aer protein was not detectably modified by either CheR or CheB. (ii) Amino acid replacements at the putative Aer methylation sites generally had no deleterious effect on Aer function. (iii) Aer promoted aerotactic migrations on semisolid media in strains that lacked all four of the
E. coli
MCPs. CheR and CheB function had no influence on the rate of aerotactic movements in those strains. Thus, Aer senses and signals efficiently in the absence of deamidation or methylation, methylation changes, methylation enzymes, and methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins. We also found that chimeric transducers containing the PAS-HAMP sensing domain of Aer joined to the signaling domain and methylation sites of Tar, an orthodox MCP, exhibited both methylation-dependent and methylation-independent aerotactic behavior. The hybrid Aear transducers demonstrate that methylation independence does not emanate from the Aer signaling domain but rather may be due to transience of the cellular redox changes that are thought to trigger Aer-mediated behavioral responses.
Functional Dissection of
Escherichia coli
Trigger Factor: Unraveling the Function of Individual Domains
Authors: Kramer G. , Rutkowska A. , Wegrzyn R. D. , Patzelt H. , Kurz T. A. , Merz F. , Rauch T. , Vorderwülbecke S. , Deuerling E. , Bukau B. 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACT

In
Escherichia coli
, the ribosome-associated chaperone Trigger Factor (TF) promotes the folding of newly synthesized cytosolic proteins. TF is composed of three domains: an N-terminal domain (N), which mediates ribosome binding; a central domain (P), which has peptidyl-prolyl
cis/trans
isomerase activity and is involved in substrate binding in vitro; and a C-terminal domain (C) with unknown function. We investigated the contributions of individual domains (N, P, and C) or domain combinations (NP, PC, and NC) to the chaperone activity of TF in vivo and in vitro. All fragments comprising the N domain (N, NP, NC) complemented the synthetic lethality of Δ
tig
Δ
dnaK
in cells lacking TF and DnaK, prevented protein aggregation in these cells, and cross-linked to nascent polypeptides in vitro. However, Δ
tig
Δ
dnaK
cells expressing the N domain alone grew more slowly and showed less viability than Δ
tig
Δ
dnaK
cells synthesizing either NP, NC, or full-length TF, indicating beneficial contributions of the P and C domains to TF's chaperone activity. In an in vitro system with purified components, none of the TF fragments assisted the refolding of denatured
d
-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in a manner comparable to that of wild-type TF, suggesting that the observed chaperone activity of TF fragments in vivo is dependent on their localization at the ribosome. These results indicate that the N domain, in addition to its function to promote binding to the ribosome, has a chaperone activity per se and is sufficient to substitute for TF in vivo.