bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Larvicidal and Fungicidal Activity of the Leaf Essential Oil of Five Myrtaceae Species
Authors: dos Santos Frances Regiane , da Fonseca Rezende Sabrina Rita , dos Santos Luan Valim , da Silva Elaine R. M. Nery , Silva Caiado Matheus , Alves de Souza Marco Andre , Guedes Pontes Emerson , de Carvalho Mario Geraldo , Braz Filho Raimundo , Castro Rosane Nora 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMyrtaceae is one of the most diverse and abundant botanical families, exhibiting wide diversity in the chemical composition of essential oils (EOs). EOs have various biotechnological applications such as controlling the populations of organisms that negatively impact humans. This study aimed to extract EOs from Myrtaceae species, chemically characterize them, and evaluate their larvicidal and fungicidal effects. EOs were extracted from the leaves of Eugenia brasiliensis, Eugenia uniflora, Psidium cattleyanum, Psidium guajava, and Syzygium cumini by hydrodistillation for 3 h and characterized by chromatographic analysis. Larvaes of Aedes aegypti and colonies of Fusarium oxysporum were subjected to increasing EO concentrations to determine the larvicidal and fungicidal potential. The EOs of Eugenia and Psidium species are primarily composed of sesquiterpenes (>80 %), whereas S. cumini EO is rich in monoterpenes (more than 60 %). The Eugenia species had similar amounts of oxygenated monoterpenes, which may explain their higher larvicidal potential compared to other species, with CL50 of 86.68 and 147.46 PPM, respectively. In addition to these two study species, S. cumini showed a high inhibition of fungal growth, with more than 65 % inhibition. We demonstrated that the actions of five EOs from Myrtaceae with different biological activities are associated with chemical diversity.
Biosynthesis of Octacosamicin A: Uncommon Starter/extender Units and Product Releasing via Intermolecular Amidation
Authors: Liao Yanghui , Wang Xue‐Jiao , Ma Guang‐Lei , Candra Hartono , Qiu En Sean Lee , Khandelwal Srashti , Liang Zhao‐Xun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOctacosamicin A is an antifungal metabolite featuring a linear polyene‐polyol chain flanked by N‐hydroxyguanidine and glycine moieties. We report here that sub‐inhibitory concentrations of streptomycin elicited the production of octacosamicin A in Amycolatopsis azurea DSM 43854T. We identified the biosynthetic gene cluster (oca BGC) that encodes a modular polyketide synthase (PKS) system for assembling the polyene‐polyol chain of octacosamicin A. Our analysis suggested that the N‐hydroxyguanidine unit originates from a 4‐guanidinobutyryl‐CoA starter unit, while the PKS incorporates an α‐hydroxyketone moiety using a (2R)‐hydroxymalonyl‐CoA extender unit. The modular PKS system contains a non‐canonical terminal module that lacks thioesterase (TE) and acyl carrier protein (ACP) domains, indicating the biosynthesis is likely to employ an unconventional and cryptic off‐loading mechanism that attaches glycine to the polyene‐polyol chain via an intermolecular amidation reaction.
Alliance A151945: Accrual and characteristics of adolescent and young adult patients in Alliance trials from 2000 to 2017
Authors: Rosenberg Shoshana M. , McCue Shaylene , He Jun , Lafky Jacqueline M. , Carey Lisa A. , Galanis Evanthia , Leonard John P. , Meyerhardt Jeffrey , Ng Kimmie , Schwartz Gary K. , Stock Wendy , Paskett Electra D. , Partridge Ann H. , George Suzanne 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundIdentifying patient‐ and disease‐specific characteristics associated with clinical trial enrollment of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer may target efforts to improve accrual.MethodsAlliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology (Alliance) trials opened from January 1, 2000, and closed before January 1, 2018, for common AYA cancers were identified. Proportions of AYAs (aged 18–39 years old) versus non‐AYAs (aged ≥40 years old) enrolled by cancer type were summarized by descriptive statistics. Among studies with ≥20 AYAs enrolled, demographic and disease characteristics of AYAs versus non‐AYAs were compared with χ2 and Kruskal–Wallis tests. A qualitative review was also conducted of therapeutic trials included in analysis in PubMed through December 31, 2021, that reported AYA‐specific survival.ResultsAmong 188 trials enrolling 40,396 patients, AYAs represented 11% (4468 of 40,396) of accrual. AYA accrual varied by cancer type (leukemia, 23.6%; breast, 9.9%; lymphoma, 14.8%; colorectal, 6.2%; central nervous system, 8.1%; melanoma, 11.8%; sarcoma, 12%). Across ages, the proportion of Black and Hispanic patients enrolled was 1%–10%. Compared to non‐AYAs, AYAs in breast and colorectal cancer trials were less likely to be White and more likely to be Hispanic. Disease characteristics differed by age for selected trials. Two trials reported AYA‐specific survival, with no significant differences observed by age.ConclusionsAYA accrual to Alliance trials was comparable to or exceeded population‐based, age‐specific prevalence estimates for most cancer types. Greater proportional representation of Hispanic and non‐White patients among AYAs reflects US demographic trends. The small number of minority patients enrolled across ages underscores the persistent challenge of ensuring equitable access to trials, including for AYAs.
India ink to 3D imaging: The legacy of Dr. Deepak “Dee” N. Pandya and his influence on generations of neuroanatomists
Authors: Blatt Gene J. , Brandenburg Cheryl , Poulopoulos Alexandros 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDr. Deepak “Dee” Pandya spent his career as an internal medicine physician as well as in his respective laboratories at the Bedford, Massachusetts Veterans Administration Hospital and at Boston University School of Medicine. His achievements mapping out the cytoarchitecture and connectivity of areas all over the nonhuman primate brain and small mammals are unparalleled. Dee made numerous discoveries and created painstakingly detailed reports, which impacted the field of neuroanatomy and expanded our perceptions of the many diverse inputs and suggestive functions of specific brain regions. The “old school” methods employed from microscopic work to detailed analyses yielded a product that was accurate and exciting all at the same time. We will all miss Dee's smile and tender manner, but more so, we will miss his wonderful and patient mentorship during the precious time we all spent with him. His mentorship resulted in all of his trainees becoming better scientists and left us with the understanding that people like Dee only come by once in a lifetime. In this tribute article for this special issue in the Journal of Comparative Neurology (JCN), the authors describe some of the tedious methods that were used to present our work as a way to provide insight into the extraordinary time and effort it took to produce and publish our articles with Dee in JCN. Dee's work with his colleagues set the stage for more modern methods of counting and mapping neuronal populations presented here, paving the way for such technologies as artificial intelligence and light sheet imaging to advance the field forward to reach new and exciting discoveries.
Prognostic value of lncRNA AFAP1‐AS1 in breast cancer: a meta‐analysis and validated study in Chinese population
Authors: Yang Zhenxing , Huang Tao , Sheng Chong , Wang Kaijuan , Li Yilin , Feng Yajing , Huo Dandan , Duan Fujiao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundLong non encoding RNA (lncRNA) plays a crucial role in breast cancer. However, the prognostic role of AFAP1‐AS1 in breast cancer remains unclear.AimsTo investigate the relationship between the expression of long non‐coding RNA actin filament‐associated protein1 antisense RNA1 (AFAP1‐AS1) and prognosis of breast cancer.Methods and ResultsMeta‐analysis was performed to explore the correlation between AFAP1‐AS1 and breast cancer. The AFAP1‐AS1expression in patients with breast cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue from 153 patients was determined by qRT‐PCR. Bioinformatics and Cox proportional‐hazards risk model were used to explore the relationship between expression of AFAP1‐AS1 and prognosis. The combined analysis revealed a significant correlation between AFAP1‐AS1 expression and both overall survival (hazard ratios, HR = 2.33, 95%Cl: 1.94–2.81, p < 0.001) as well as disease‐free survival/progression‐free survival (HR = 2.94, 95%CI: 2.35–3.67, p < 0.001). The relation between expression of AFAP1‐AS1 and breast cancer was determined in 153 breast cancer and adjacent normal tissues. The findings revealed a significantly higher AFAP1‐AS1expression levels in breast cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues (p < 0.001). Additionally, patients exhibiting heightened levels of AFAP1‐AS1 expression were correlated with an unfavorable prognosis (HR = 2.35, 95%CI: 1.47–3.74, p < 0.001), which aligns consistently with the findings of the pooled analysis. The subgroup analysis of clinical characteristics revealed a significant association between high expression of AFAP1‐AS1 and TNM stage (HR = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.11–2.65, p = 0.015).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that AFAP1‐AS1 acts as an oncogene and may serve as a novel prognostic marker for breast cancer, particularly in the Chinese population.
Pharmacokinetics and Safety Evaluation of Single‐Dose Saroglitazar Magnesium in Subjects with Hepatic Impairment
Authors: Lawitz Eric , Parmar Deven , Momin Taufik , Shaikh Farheen , Patel Harilal , Hayes Helen , Swint Kimberly 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSaroglitazar magnesium, a dual peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor agonist, is under evaluation for treating various liver conditions. While the pharmacokinetics (PK) of saroglitazar have been extensively studied in diverse preclinical models and healthy subjects, a comprehensive assessment of its PK behavior under conditions of hepatic impairment is lacking. In this Phase 1, open‐label, parallel‐group study, the PK of a single dose of 4‐mg saroglitazar magnesium was investigated in subjects having varying degrees of hepatic impairment with and without portal hypertension compared with appropriately matched individuals having normal hepatic function. Treatment‐emergent adverse events for safety were also evaluated. Thirty‐two subjects were enrolled in the hepatic‐impaired groups and 23 subjects in the normal hepatic function group. Mild and moderate hepatic impairment did not significantly affect the PK of saroglitazar, compared with normal hepatic function. Although severe hepatic impairment did not alter maximum observed plasma concentration and half‐life; saroglitazar exposure (area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to infinity) increased 3‐fold, while the clearance was 61% lower compared to the subjects with normal hepatic function. This may require close monitoring or dose adjustments in individuals with severe hepatic impairment. A single oral dose of saroglitazar magnesium 4 mg was found to be safe and well tolerated in subjects with varying degrees of hepatic function.
Strangulated penis in a prison inmate: Complete penile degloving and full‐thickness skin graft
Authors: Uthman Abdulla , Al‐Mashhadani Shahad , Blower Naomi , Iqbal Muhammed 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionPenile strangulation is a rare urological emergency that necessitates urgent management. The reasoning behind it may include sexual pleasure, erection reinforcement, or a psychiatric disorder.Case presentationDespite being an uncommon complication of penile strangulation, we report a 45‐year‐old prison inmate who presented with penile shaft necrosis secondary to using a non‐metallic constriction object. The patient reported a 5‐day history of progressive penile pain, edema, and skin injury but no urinary symptoms. The patient underwent complete penile skin degloving, circumcision, and insertion of a suprapubic catheter. Postoperatively, the penile tissue appeared healthy, and the wound was granulating. On the eleventh day following degloving, a full‐thickness skin graft was taken from the groin area. The patient remained in the hospital for 20 days, during which he was clinically stable with clean, healing wounds.ConclusionEarly management of penile strangulation is vital in order to prevent vascular and mechanical complications.
Multimodal photoacoustic imaging in analytic vulnerability of atherosclerosis
Authors: Zhou Wangting , Chen Duofang , Li Kezhou , Yuan Zhen , Chen Xueli 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAtherosclerosis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity, and rupture can lead to myocardial infarction and stroke. The vulnerability assessment of atherosclerosis plaques is important for providing medical treatment. Identifying vulnerable plaques requires noninvasive, high‐resolution imaging techniques for capturing and locating high‐risk markers. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a hybrid and novel imaging modality that uses nonionizing excitation and has substantial promise for vulnerability assessment of atherosclerosis. The current review examined current applications of multimodal PAI for identification of atherosclerosis plaques. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges and limitations in the implementation this method and future research directions to overcome these difficulties. First, we discuss two aspects of vulnerable plaque characterization: large necrotic cores and thin degraded cap component identification. Then, we then discuss applications of high‐risk plaque characterization, including intraplaque hemorrhage and heme degradation markers detection. We hope that this review will shed light on the potential application of optical imaging techniques in atherosclerosis identification and facilitate further studies that will ultimately lead to the broader application of multimodal PAI in clinical practice.
Better Together: acceptability, feasibility and preliminary impact of chronic illness peer support groups for South African adolescents and young adults
Authors: Harrison Abigail , Mtukushe Bulelwa , Kuo Caroline , Wilson‐Barthes Marta , Davidson Bianca , Sher Rebecca , Galárraga Omar , Hoare Jacqueline 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionPeer support can help navigate the isolation and psychological strain frequently experienced by youth living with chronic illness. Yet, data are lacking on the impact of providing support for youth living with mixed chronic conditions. We assessed the acceptability, feasibility and preliminary mental health impacts of a clinic‐based peer support group for South African youth living with chronic illnesses, including HIV.MethodsThis mixed‐methods pilot study (September 2021–June 2022) enrolled 58 young patients, ages 13–24, at an urban hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. In‐depth interviews elicited the perspectives of 20 young people in relation to their participation in the Better Together programme, a recurring clinic‐based peer support group for patients with mixed chronic illnesses. Self‐reported resilience, attitudes towards illness, stigma and mental health were captured via established measures. T‐tests and multivariate analysis of variance compared psychosocial outcomes for 20 group participants and 38 control patients, controlling for socio‐demographic characteristics at enrolment. Logistic regression analyses estimated the predicted probability of a positive depression or anxiety screening given peer group participation.ResultsAll interviewees valued being able to compare treatment regimens and disease management habits with peers living with different conditions. Adolescents living with HIV stated that understanding the hardships faced by those with other conditions helped them accept their own illness and lessened feelings of isolation. Compared to patients who did not participate in Better Together, those who attended ≥5 groups had statistically significantly higher individual‐level resilience, a more positive attitude towards their illness(es), lower internalised stigma and a more positive self‐concept. The probability of being screened positive for depression was 23.4 percentage points lower (95% CI: 1.5, 45.3) for Better Together participants compared to controls; the probability of a positive anxiety screening was 45.8 percentage points lower (95% CI: 18.1, 73.6).ConclusionsRecurring, clinic‐based peer support groups that integrate youth living with HIV and other chronic diseases are novel. Group sustainability will depend on the commitment of experienced peer leaders and providers, routine scheduling and transportation support. A fully powered randomised trial is needed to test the optimal implementation and causal mental health effects of the Better Together model.
Future direction of substrate‐based catheter ablation in Brugada syndrome and other inherited primary arrhythmia syndromes: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Prana Jagannatha Gusti Ngurah , Antara I Made Putra Swi , Kosasih Anastasya Maria , de Liyis Bryan Gervais , Labi Nikita Pratama Toding , Aji Wingga Chrisna , Deantri Fanny , Wibawa I Made Bagus Cahya , Wibawa Ida Bagus Satriya , Adrian Jonathan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundInherited Primary Arrhythmias Syndromes (IPAS), especially Brugada syndrome (BrS), have been associated with arrhythmogenic substrates that can be targeted through ablation. This meta‐analysis evaluated the outcomes of catheter ablation (CA) in different types of IPAS based on procedural guidance and location.MethodsA systematic search was conducted across multiple databases to identify studies reporting on ventricular arrhythmia (VA) events before and after CA in IPAS, including BrS, Long‐QT syndrome (LQTS), Early repolarization syndrome (ERS), and Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF). The primary outcomes were VA recurrence and VA burden, evaluated through conditional subgroup analysis. Procedural data were collected as secondary outcomes.ResultsA total of 21 studies involving 584 IPAS patients who underwent CA were included. Following a mean follow‐up duration of 33.5 months, substrate‐based ablation demonstrated efficacy in reducing VA recurrence across all types of IPAS [RR 0.23; 95% CI (0.13–0.39); p < .001; I2 = 74%]. However, activation guidance ablation was found to be effective only in IVF cases. Although recurrences still occurred, CA was successful in reducing VA burden [MD –4.70; 95% CI (−6.11–(−3.29); p < .001; I2 = 74%]. The mean size of arrhythmogenic substrate was 15.70 cm2 [95% CI (12.34–19.99 cm2)], predominantly distributed in the epicardial right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) in BrS cases and LQTS [Proportion 0.99; 95% CI (0.96–1.00) and Proportion 0.82; 95% CI ( 0.59–1.00), respectively].ConclusionSubstrate‐based CA has demonstrated effective prevention of VA and reduction in VA burden in IPAS cases.
LncRNA MIR210HG promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells by inhibiting the transcription of SH3GL3
Authors: Zou Fang , Zhang Zhi‐Hua , Zou Shuang‐Shuang , Zhuang Zhong‐Bao , Ji Qiang , Chang Rui , Cao Jia‐Huan , Wang Bu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLung cancer (LCa), the most frequent malignancy worldwide, causes millions of mortalities each year. Overexpression of the long noncoding RNA MIR210HG in LCa has been established; however, a more comprehensive investigation into its biological role within LCa is imperative. This study aimed to validate the MIR210H levels in LCa tissues and cells. The expression of indicated genes was evaluated using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and/or Western blotting. The viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of LCa cells were measured using the 3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assays, respectively. The methylation levels of LCa cells were determined via methylation‐specific PCR; additionally, chromatin immunoprecipitation or RNA immunoprecipitation assays were performed to determine the targeting relationship between DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and the SH3‐domain containing CRB2 like 3 (SH3GL3) promoters and the interaction between DNMT1 and MIR210HG, respectively. Our findings revealed the upregulation of MIR210HG, coupled with a diminished expression of SH3GL3 in LCa tissues and cells. Knockdown of MIR210HG or overexpression of SH3GL3 suppressed the proliferative, migratory, and invasive capacities of the cells. DNMT1 bound to the SH3GL3 promoter region, and MIR210HG inhibited the transcription of SH3GL3 by recruiting DNMT1. These findings indicate that MIR210HG facilitates LCa cell growth and metastasis by repressing SH3GL3 transcription via the recruitment of DNMT1 to the SH3GL3 promoter region.
Experiences of Patients Living with Retrograde Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction
Authors: Miller Mattea E. , Lina Ioan , O'Dell Karla , Akst Lee M. 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesRetrograde cricopharyngeal dysfunction (RCPD) is a newly described condition resulting from failure of cricopharyngeal sphincter relaxation during periods of esophageal distension that results in the inability to burp. Patients' perspectives on symptom experiences, barriers to care, and treatment benefits were investigated.Study DesignQualitative semi‐structured interviews were conducted with patients diagnosed with RCPD who had been treated with botulinum toxin injection into the cricopharyngeus muscle. Interview questions centered on their experience living with RCPD. Conventional content analysis was performed on interview transcripts.ResultsThematic saturation was reached with 13 participants. All participants were diagnosed with RCPD by an otolaryngologist and underwent botulinum toxin injection into the cricopharyngeus muscle with or without dilation of the upper esophageal sphincter in the operating room. Participants described having no memories of ever being able to burp, and all started experiencing RCPD symptoms during adolescence. Patients with RCPD experienced increased social isolation, lost productivity, and worsened mental health. Unanimously, participants first learned about RCPD on social media. All patients were seen by physicians in non‐otolaryngology specialties regarding their symptoms prior to learning about their RCPD diagnosis and undergoing treatment by an otolaryngologist. Dilation and chemodenervation resulted in complete resolution of RCPD symptoms for 84.6% of participants. Participants emphasized a desire for more health providers to learn about RCPD and the impact it has on quality‐of‐life.Conclusion(s)The lived experience of patients with RCPD significantly impacts quality of life and is often met with diagnostic barriers in the medical community. Although social media plays a significant role in increasing awareness of RCPD, physician education about the impact of RCPD is essential to improve diagnosis and treatment.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:2136–2143, 2024