bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the relationship between falls, fall‐related psychological concerns, and personality traits in adults: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Adandom Henrietha C. , Nwankwo Henry C. , Adandom Israel I. , Akinrolie Olayinka , Odole Adesola C. , Scott David R. , Awosoga Oluwagbohunmi A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsPersonality traits, such as neuroticism and extraversion, are emerging as important predictors of falls. Despite their significance, existing fall prevention programs often overlook these traits, creating a notable research gap. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive scoping review to explore the existing literature on the relationships among personality traits, falls, and fall‐related psychological concerns (FrPCs).MethodsThis scoping review will adhere to the framework established by Arksey and O'Malley, incorporating extensions recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute and using the PRISMA‐ScR checklist. A thorough search strategy will be employed, aligning with the population, concept, and context (PCC) selection criteria. Electronic databases, including MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus, will be searched from their inception to the present. Additionally, a manual search of the reference lists of identified and relevant full‐text articles will be conducted. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts, perform full‐text reviews, and extract data from pertinent articles.DiscussionPersonality traits are increasingly recognized as influential predictors of falls and related psychological concerns. This review aims to make a substantial contribution to the existing literature by being the first to comprehensively explore and provide a descriptive synthesis of the relationship between personality traits and falls, as well as FrPCs in adults. It is hoped that the outcomes of this review will enhance our comprehension of the role of personality traits in falls, potentially informing future research and strategies for this critical area of study.Scoping Review RegistrationThis scoping review protocol was registered with Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/KR74X).
Composite pin‐fin heat sink for effective hotspot reduction
Authors: Khan Musthfa Ali , Ali Hafiz Muhammad , Rehman Tauseef‐ur , Arsalanloo Akbar , Niyas Hakeem 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis current work aims to decrease temperature nonuniformity in a microprocessor. The proposed composite pin‐fin heat sink design is analyzed computationally, and its functioning is compared with the conventional heat sink design. According to the heat rate, the composite heat sink is divided into two sections: the hotspot and the background section. Aluminum, copper, and graphene are chosen for the background and hotspot sections. Both noncomposite and composite heat sinks are designed with similar geometrical dimensions. DI water is used as the working fluid. They are studied for heterogeneous hotspot heat flux varying from 200 to 600 kW/m2 by keeping constant background heat flux as 100 kW/m2 with the inlet mass flow rate of 0.05 kg/s. Further simulations are performed for various Reynolds numbers (Re = 150, 225, 300) with a constant background and hotspot heat flux of 100 and 600 kW/m2, respectively, for different inlet temperatures of 15°C, 20°C, and 25°C. The simulations are also carried out for other working fluids, such as TiO2 and Fe2O3 based nanofluids with the constant volume concentration of 0.65% and 3%, respectively in the DI water, at the constant background and hotspot heat flux of 100 and 600 kW/m2, respectively. The results are shown for all the above studies planned. The results suggest that composite heat sinks with graphene as a composite material and Fe2O3 based nanofluid yields higher heat dissipation.
Regulatable interfacial adhesion between stamp and ink for transfer printing
Authors: Li Yiheng , Zhang Feilong , Wang Shutao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs an emerging processing technology, transfer printing enables the assembly of functional material arrays (called inks) on various substrates with micro/nanoscale resolution and has been widely used in the fabrication of flexible electronics and display systems. The critical steps in transfer printing are the ink pick‐up and printing processes governed by the switching of adhesion states at the stamp/ink interface. In this review, we first introduce the history of transfer printing in terms of the transfer methods, transferred materials, and applications. Then, the fundamental characteristics of the transfer printing system and typical strategies for regulating the stamp/ink interfacial adhesion strength are summarized and exemplified. Finally, future challenges and opportunities for developing the novel stamps, inks, and substrates with intelligent adhesion capability are discussed, aiming to inspire the innovation in the design of transfer printing systems.
Metallosalen covalent organic frameworks for heterogeneous catalysis
Authors: Zhou Wei , Deng Wei‐Qiao , Lu Xing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMetallosalen covalent organic frameworks (M(salen)‐COFs) have garnered significant attention as promising candidates for advanced heterogeneous catalysis, including organocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and photocatalysis, due to their unique structural advantages (combining molecules catalysts and crystalline porous materials) and tunable topological network. It is essential to provide a comprehensive overview of emerging designs of M(salen)‐COFs and corresponding advances in this field. Herein, this review first summarizes the reported metallolinkers and the synthesis methods of M(salen)‐COFs. In addition, the review enumerates the excellent M(salen)‐COF based heterogeneous catalysts and discusses the fundamental mechanisms behind the outstanding heterogeneous catalytic performance of M(salen)‐COFs. These mechanisms include the pore enrichment effect (enhancing local concentration within porous materials to promote catalytic reactions), the three‐in‐one strategy (integrating enrichment, reduction, and oxidation sites in one system), and the incorporation of a built‐in electric field (implanting a built‐in electric field in heterometallic phthalocyanine covalent organic frameworks). Furthermore, this review discusses the challenges and prospects related to M(salen)‐COFs in heterogeneous catalysis.
Single‐atom materials: The application in energy conversion
Authors: Zhu Chenxi , Yang Jiarui , Zhang Jiangwei , Wang Xinqiang , Gao Yong , Wang Dingsheng , Pan Hongge 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSingle‐atom materials (SAMs) have become one of the most important power sources to push the field of energy conversion forward. Among the main types of energy, including thermal energy, electrical energy, solar energy, and biomass energy, SAMs have realized ultra‐high efficiency and show an appealing future in practical application. More than high activity, the uniform active sites also provide a convincible model for chemists to design and comprehend the mechanism behind the phenomenon. Therefore, we presented an insightful review of the application of the single‐atom material in the field of energy conversion. The challenges (e.g., accurate synthesis and practical application) and future directions (e.g., machine learning and efficient design) of the applications of SAMs in energy conversion are included, aiming to provide guidance for the research in the next step.
The use of Ambroxol for the treatment of Gaucher disease: A systematic review
Authors: Abelleyra Lastoria Diego Agustín , Grewal Simranjeet , Hughes Derralynn 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGaucher disease (GD) is a heterogeneous condition requiring tailored treatment approaches. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise and evaluate current evidence pertaining to the use of Ambroxol for the treatment of GD. Published and unpublished literature databases, conference proceedings and the reference lists of included studies were searched until 23 November 2023. A narrative synthesis was performed. Database search and risk of bias assessment were performed independently by two reviewers.Twenty‐one studies (182 patients) were included. The evidence was low in quality. Variable responses to Ambroxol were observed. Response rates were 36% and 55% in two studies reporting on type 1 GD. One study found a 22% response rate in type 2 GD, whereas another study found 29% of patients with type 3 GD reported neurological improvements. No severe adverse events were reported in the literature, with mild and reversible side effects reported. Varying response rates are to be expected (29%–100%) when treating neurological manifestations. Varying degrees of symptomatic improvement for the treatment of GD were noted in the literature. Multidisciplinary team input and clinical judgement are advised to provide personalized treatment of this complex and multi‐faceted condition.
Evaluating the h‐index as a climate metric for the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Alghamdi Ali S. , Harrington Jr John 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA number of indices exist to help climatologists understand and communicate varying aspects of local to global scale conditions. The h‐index can be applied to weather data to summarize the magnitude and frequency of heat events on an annual or seasonal basis. Using both station and reanalysis model output data for the Arabian Peninsula, this research documents the value of the h‐index approach. The method is applied to daily high temperature, daily high apparent temperature, warm overnight low temperature and warm overnight apparent temperature for the period 1991–2022. Application of the h‐index approach to data from the Arabian Peninsula provides findings that strengthen and add to existing knowledge for the region. Findings from analysis of the ERA5‐Land dataset reinforce the findings from station data and provide results for wall‐to‐wall coverage of the study area, with lower h‐index values at higher elevations. Trend analysis results corroborate ideas related to greater warming of overnight lows. The findings document that the h‐index can be used in a subtropical desert climate region.
Employee engagement index: A graph‐theoretic matrix approach
Authors: Goyal Komal , Nigam Ashutosh , Goyal Neha 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn today's fast‐paced business environment, organizations are increasingly recognizing the critical role of employee engagement in attaining long‐term success and competitiveness. Industries increasingly utilize employee engagement systems to improve public perceptions by incorporating human resource management practices, psychological ownership, job crafting, and organizational citizenship behaviors. These elements are focused on reducing the effects of employee turnover. Therefore, this article aims to represent the factors and subfactors influencing employee engagement and develop an employee engagement index. In this research, an employee engagement index was formulated and the positive impact of factors influencing employee engagement was evaluated using a graph‐theoretic and matrix approach (GTMA). This index measures the number of factors in an organization conducive to creating an engaging environment among employees. It gives information about aspects at the system and subsystem levels. A step‐by‐step procedure for implementing methodology is provided, along with an example that may assist an organization.
Erdheim–Chester disease presenting with eruptive fibrous histiocytomas
Authors: Martinez Michael J. , Meehan Shane A. , Tattersall Ian W. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractErdheim–Chester disease (ECD) is a rare, non‐Langerhans histiocytic disease, with the manifestation of cutaneous lesions becoming further recognised and understood. Most commonly presenting with xanthelasma‐like lesions, cutaneous manifestations are the first noticeable sign of ECD in a significant number of patients. Other commonly reported cutaneous lesions of ECD include panniculitis‐like lesions and granuloma annulare‐like lesions. While previously reported papular lesions of ECD include crusty yellow and erythematous papules, small, pink to fleshy coloured papules, and verruca plana‐like papules, papulonodular eruptions consistent with fibrous histiocytomas are a rare and underreported sequala of ECD. Here, we report an 86‐year‐old male with a history of prostate and bladder cancer who presented with eruptive fibrous histiocytomas, prompting workup that lead to a diagnosis of ECD. The patient received expedited imaging given the rare association of eruptive fibrohistiocytic lesions with malignancy, revealing diffuse perinephric and urothelial soft tissue thickening and enhancement, which was biopsied and found to harbour the BRAF V600E mutation. One could reasonably hypothesise that the pathologic mechanism occurring in the perinephric and urothelial soft tissue areas of this patient bodes similarities to the cutaneous sites consistent with the fibrohistiocytic lesions. This may present a potential clue to the poorly understood origin and pathogenesis of ECD.
Measuring of environment efficiency of pharmaceutical companies: Robust game cross‐efficiency data envelope analysis model
Authors: Shi Menghan , Qu Shaojian , Ji Ying , Peng Zhisheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith people's increasing attention to public health issues, biomedical enterprises have ushered in a good development opportunity. However, the rapid expansion of industrial scale makes the contradiction between enterprise development and environmental governance gradually emerge. This requires us to form a set of perfect environmental efficiency evaluation framework to make the evaluation of environmental development efficiency of pharmaceutical companies more objective and accurate. At present, many literatures on environmental efficiency assessment in the fields of green finance ignore the bias in comparison between different companies due to factors such as competition or resource allocation. At the same time, the existing studies lack the influence of disturbance factors on the output of efficiency evaluation data. Based on the sustainable development report of Shanghai Pharmaceutical as the research background, this study establishes an efficiency evaluation framework, which mainly includes three parts: (1) data preprocessing. Establish efficiency evaluation standard framework according to research background, collect relevant data, and process the data. (2) Calculate the game cross‐efficiency DEA model. We calculate the efficiency considering the game situation and compared with the efficiency calculated by the traditional DEA model. (3) Three different scenarios in robust optimization are introduced to reduce the uncertainty in efficiency evaluation. This paper uses the efficiency evaluation framework to evaluate the environmental efficiency of 13 pharmaceutical companies and finally gives policy recommendations.
Pediatric oncology provider perspectives and patient/family perceptions of chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting management: Experiences at an academic medical center
Authors: Bloomhardt Hadley , Rubin Melissa , Xue Yanling , Jin Zhezhen , Masino Laura , Seidel Drew , Hijiya Nobuko , Beauchemin Melissa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundChemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is common in children undergoing cancer treatment, and significantly impacts quality of life. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have been developed to guide CINV management, though many patients do not receive guideline‐concordant care. Few studies have examined provider perspectives on CINV management or preferred improvement approaches, or pediatric patient perception of CINV control.MethodsA cross‐sectional study of pediatric oncology providers was conducted at a large freestanding children's hospital. Providers completed an anonymous online survey about CINV control in patients admitted for scheduled chemotherapy, and their knowledge and utilization of CINV CPGs. A survey of English and Spanish‐speaking pediatric oncology patients admitted for scheduled chemotherapy was conducted to assess CINV management, with key demographics used to understand association with perceptions and adherence to antiemetic guidelines.ResultsFor providers, 75% of respondents felt CINV management could be moderately or extremely improved, significantly more so by chemotherapy prescribers and pediatric medical residents than nurses. Over half of respondents did not have awareness of CINV CPGs, particularly pediatric medical residents. For patients, nausea was reported to be extremely well controlled in 44% of cases, and vomiting extremely well controlled in 50% of cases. There were no significant differences in patient‐reported CINV across demographics, when considering emetogenicity of chemotherapy received, or concordance to guidelines.ConclusionsImplementing education in this area may help to improve provider comfort, and ultimately, the patient experience. Future studies will expand upon this novel patient perception, and develop and evaluate CINV management interventions.
Extraction and characterisation of kudzu root residue lignin based on deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Han Xinran , Song Ke , Yu Huazhong , Zhou Xianwu , Guo Jie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionLignin has great potential as the most abundant renewable phenolic polymer. Studies have shown that lignin structure varies depending on different sources and different extraction methods. However, there are few studies on lignin in kudzu root residue.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to explore optimal extraction conditions of Pueraria lobata residue lignin (PLL) with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and characterise the structure and morphology of PLL.MethodsFirstly, the chemical composition of kudzu root residue was determined by the Van‐soest method. Then, betaine was used as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA), nine kinds of common acids and alcohol were selected as hydrogen bond donor (HBD) to synthesise a DES to extract lignin from kudzu root residue. The influence of conditions on the extraction of PLL was explored by a betaine‐based DES according to a single‐factor experiment, and then the best process of PLL extraction was determined by an orthogonal experiment. Finally, the morphology and structure of PLL were analysed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and NMR.ResultsCellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and ash content in kudzu root residue were 41.13%, 16.39%, 25.03%, and 0.41%, respectively. When the DES consisted of betaine and formic acid, the solid–liquid ratio was 1:45, the extraction time was 5.5 h at 160°C, the extraction yield of lignin was 89.29%, and the purity was 83.01%. PLL was composed of interconnected spherical particles with good thermal stability and narrow polydispersity index (PDI) distribution. FTIR and 2D‐heteronuclear singular quantum correlation (HSQC) NMR illustrated that PLL was a typical G‐type and S‐type lignin.ConclusionThis study would fill the gap of research on lignin in kudzu root residue and provide a theoretical reference for the utilisation of lignin in kudzu roots as well as a new thinking for the recycling of kudzu root resources.
Spotlight on eltrombopag concentration in pediatric immune thrombocytopenia: A single‐center observational study in China
Authors: Dong Shuyue , Wang Zhifa , Wang Nan , Ma Jingyao , Meng Jinxi , Sun Yixin , Cheng Xiaoling , Wu Runhui 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTImportanceEltrombopag has been recommended for pediatric immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Response and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) varied widely between individuals, even at the same dose of eltrombopag. The appropriate eltrombopag concentration in ITP has not been reported.ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the appropriate eltrombopag concentration in pediatric ITP.MethodsThis was a single‐center, prospective cohort study. Children diagnosed with refractory persistent/chronic ITP and platelet count < 30×109/L were treated with eltrombopag and followed up for at least 2 months. Concentration was detected by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry at least 2 weeks after eltrombopag. The clinical characteristics‐concentration, concentration‐response, and concentration‐ADRs were analyzed.ResultsA total of 30 patients were enrolled, comprising 13 males and 17 females, with a median age of 72 (45‒94) months. The median dose and concentration were 1.39 (1.09‒1.56) mg/kg and 2.70 (2.25‒4.13) mg/L, respectively. Of the enrolled patients, 14 responded to treatment, whereas 16 did not. Additionally, five experienced adverse drug reactions. No linear correlation was observed between eltrombopag concentration and clinical characteristics. The concentration was lower in the response group than in the nonresponse group, but there was no significant difference (t = 0.755, P = 0.457). Patients who experienced ADRs had a higher concentration than those without ADRs (t = 2.538, P = 0.017). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of ADRs was 0.78 (95% confidence interval: 0.56‒1.00). Youden's index identified the cutoff point as 4.33 mg/L, with a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 60%. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that a higher platelet count before eltrombopag predicted a favorable response.InterpretationEltrombopag proves efficacious and well‐tolerated for treating pediatric ITP. However, prolonged and high‐dose administration may increase the likelihood of ADRs. Thus, examining the appropriate eltrombopag concentration assists in directing individualized management of pediatric ITP.
Synthesis of copolymers of N‐vinylpyrrolidone and 2‐ethylhexyl acrylate by DL‐methionine‐mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization and their dispersion behavior in preparation of LiFePO4 battery positive slurry with high solid content
Authors: An Jiaqi , Wang Zongye , Hui Shouhua , Wang Ziyu , Zhang Yanwu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDispersants play a significant role in the formulation of positive battery slurry. Adding a small amount of dispersant can effectively reduce the viscosity of the slurry, which is beneficial for the production of positive batteries. A series of copolymers of N‐vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) and 2‐ethylhexyl acrylate (2‐EHA) with different molar ratios of NVP to 2‐EHA, different polymer molecular weights and different polymer structures are synthesized by dl‐methionine‐mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization. The ability of these copolymers to disperse LiFePO4 battery positive slurry with a high solid content (57.08%) as dispersants has been evaluated. Research shows that when the ratio of NVP to 2‐EHA is 20 and the polymer molecular weight is 6000, poly(N‐vinylpyrrolidone‐ran‐2‐ethylhexyl acrylate) (NVP‐ran‐2‐EHA) exhibits the strongest dispersing ability to the slurry. This polymer can reduce the viscosity of the slurry by 43.925% and has the longest stabilization time of 3 h, which is better than poly(N‐vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly(N‐vinylpyrrolidone)‐block‐poly(2‐ethylhexyl acrylate) (PVP‐b‐PEHA) with the same molecular weight.