bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transition Metal Oxide‐Decorated MXenes as Drugless Nanoarchitectonics for Enriched Nanocatalytic Chemodynamic Treatment
Authors: Xia Hong‐Ying , Li Bo‐Yi , Ye Ying‐Tong , Wang Shi‐Bin , Chen Ai‐Zheng , Kankala Ranjith Kumar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite their unique characteristics, 2D MXenes with sole photothermal conversion ability are required to explore their superfluous abilities in biomedicine. The small‐molecule‐based chemotherapeutics suffer from various shortcomings of time‐consuming and expensiveness concerning theoretical and performance (preclinical/clinical) checks. This study demonstrates the fabrication of Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets (TC‐MX NSs) and subsequent decoration with transition metal oxides, that is, copper oxide (Cu2O/MX, CO‐MX NCs) as drugless nanoarchitectonics for synergistic photothermal (PTT)–chemodynamic therapeutic (CDT) efficacies. Initially, the monolayer/few‐layered TC‐MX NSs are prepared using the chemical etching‐assisted ultrasonic exfoliation method and then deposited with Cu2O nanoconstructs using the in situ reduction method. Further, the photothermal ablation under near‐infrared (NIR)‐II laser irradiation shows PTT effects of CO‐MX NCs. The deposited Cu2O on TC‐MX NSs facilitates the release of copper (Cu+) ions in the acidic microenvironment intracellularly for Fenton‐like reaction‐assisted CDT effects and enriched PTT effects synergistically. Mechanistically, these deadly free radicals intracellularly imbalance the glutathione (GSH) levels and result in mitochondrial dysfunction, inducing apoptosis of 4T1 cells. Finally, the in vivo investigations in BALB/c mice confirm the substantial ablation of breast carcinoma. Together, these findings demonstrate the potential synergistic PTT–CDT effects of the designed CO‐MX NCs as drugless nanoarchitectonics against breast carcinoma.
The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO): Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer, 2023
Authors: Wang Feng‐Hua , Zhang Xiao‐Tian , Tang Lei , Wu Qi , Cai Mu‐Yan , Li Yuan‐Fang , Qu Xiu‐Juan , Qiu Hong , Zhang Yu‐Jing , Ying Jie‐Er , Zhang Jun , Sun Ling‐Yu , Lin Rong‐Bo , Wang Chang , Liu Hao , Qiu Miao‐Zhen , Guan Wen‐Long , Rao Sheng‐Xiang , Ji Jia‐Fu , Xin Yan , Sheng Wei‐Qi , Xu Hui‐Mian , Zhou Zhi‐Wei , Zhou Ai‐Ping , Jin Jing , Yuan Xiang‐Lin , Bi Feng , Liu Tian‐Shu , Liang Han , Zhang Yan‐Qiao , Li Guo‐Xin , Liang Jun , Liu Bao‐Rui , Shen Lin , Li Jin , Xu Rui‐Hua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe 2023 update of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) Clinical Guidelines for Gastric Cancer focuses on standardizing cancer diagnosis and treatment in China, reflecting the latest advancements in evidence‐based medicine, healthcare resource availability, and precision medicine. These updates address the differences in epidemiological characteristics, clinicopathological features, tumor biology, treatment patterns, and drug selections between Eastern and Western gastric cancer patients. Key revisions include a structured template for imaging diagnosis reports, updated standards for molecular marker testing in pathological diagnosis, and an elevated recommendation for neoadjuvant chemotherapy in stage III gastric cancer. For advanced metastatic gastric cancer, the guidelines introduce new recommendations for immunotherapy, anti‐angiogenic therapy and targeted drugs, along with updated management strategies for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‐positive and deficient DNA mismatch repair (dMMR)/microsatellite instability‐high (MSI‐H) patients. Additionally, the guidelines offer detailed screening recommendations for hereditary gastric cancer and an appendix listing drug treatment regimens for various stages of gastric cancer. The 2023 CSCO Clinical Guidelines for Gastric Cancer updates are based on both Chinese and international clinical research and expert consensus to enhance their applicability and relevance in clinical practice, particularly in the heterogeneous healthcare landscape of China, while maintaining a commitment to scientific rigor, impartiality, and timely revisions.
CD14 down‐modulation as a real‐time biomarker in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Inada Yutaro , Sonoda Motoshi , Mizuno Yumi , Yamamura Kenichiro , Motomura Yoshitomo , Takuma Aoba , Murata Kenji , Furuno Kenji , Tezuka Junichiro , Sakai Yasunari , Ohga Shouichi , Kishimoto Junji , Hosaka Koki , Sakata Satomi , Hara Toshiro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to investigate the pathophysiology of Kawasaki disease (KD) from immunological and oxidative stress perspectives, and to identify real‐time biomarkers linked to innate immunity and oxidative stress in KD.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 85 patients with KD and 135 patients with diverse conditions including immune, infectious and non‐infectious diseases for this investigation. Flow cytometry was used to analyse the surface expression of CD14, CD38 and CD62L on monocytes, along with a quantitative assessment of CD14 down‐modulation. Additionally, oxidative stress levels were evaluated using derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d‐ROMs) and antioxidant capacity measured by a free radical elective evaluator system.ResultsDuring the acute phase of KD, we observed a prominent CD14 down‐modulation on monocytes, reflecting the indirect detection of circulating innate immune molecular patterns. Moreover, patients with KD showed a significantly higher CD14 down‐modulation compared with infectious and non‐infectious disease controls. Notably, the surface expression of CD14 on monocytes was restored concurrently with responses to intravenous immunoglobulin and infliximab treatment in KD. Furthermore, d‐ROM levels in patients with KD were significantly elevated compared with patients with infectious and non‐infectious diseases. Following intravenous immunoglobulin treatment, oxidative stress levels decreased in patients with KD.ConclusionMonitoring CD14 down‐modulation on monocytes in real‐time is a valuable strategy for assessing treatment response, distinguishing KD relapse from concomitant infections and selecting second‐line therapy after IVIG treatment in KD patients. The interplay between inflammation and oxidative stress likely plays a crucial role in the development of KD.
PF457 MECHANISM OF MORPHOLOGICAL REMODELING OF BONE MARROW ADIPOCYTES IN ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA
Authors: Yang S. , Lu W. , Zhao C. , Zhai Y. , Wei Y. , Liu J. , Yu Y. , Li Z. , Shi J. 
Published: December 2023

Background:We have previously found that morphological remodeling of bone marrow adipocytes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients is closely related to poor prognosis, and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) may be a key factor in this pathological phenomenon.Aims:In this study, we further explored the mechanism of GDF15 regulating the bone marrow adipocyte remodeling from the perspective of calcium channel TRPV4.Methods:GDF15‐induced adipocytes were analyzed using gene expression profiling, and gene knockdown cells were generated by lentiviral‐mediated shRNA. Chip‐qPCR was used to evaluate the interaction between transcription factors and TRPV4. Signaling pathway downstream of GDF15 involved in adipocytes was analyzed by inhibitor experiments. An experimental AML mouse model was generated to investigate the role of TRPV4 in leukemia cell‐induced bone marrow adipocyte remodeling.Results:Western blot and RT‐qPCR showed that GDF15 could regulate TRPV4 expression in bone marrow adipocytes. In vitro, Transwell assay and neutralizing antibody assay further found that GDF15 secreted by leukemia cells regulated bone marrow adipocyte remodeling through TRPV4. The phenomenon was verified in obese C57/BL6 mice. Specific inhibition experiments showed that GDF15 secreted by leukemia cells combined with TGFβRII in bone marrow adipocytes, and then activated PI3K / AKT pathway. Using RNA‐Seq technique, we found that transcription factor FOXC1 mediated the inhibition of GDF15 on TRPV4 expression in bone marrow adipocytes, which causes the morphological remodeling of bone marrow adipocytes.Summary/Conclusion:GDF15 secreted by leukemia cells inhibits the expression of TRPV4 by regulating the transcription factor FOXC1 in bone marrow adipocytes, which promote the lipolysis of adipocytes. The free fatty acids released by this process provide energy support for the growth of leukemia cells. This paper provides a new perspective for the study of leukemia cell remodeling of bone marrow adipocyte microenvironment.
PF497 INFLAMMATION‐DRIVEN HEME/IRON CYTOTOXICITY IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE
Authors: Lima I. , Pêgo A.C. , Martins A.C. , Sá Pereira I. , Martins G. , Kapitão A. , Gozzelino R. 
Published: December 2023

Background:Heme is a metallo‐compound, essential for the survival of most organisms. However, the ability of the central iron (Fe) atom, contained within its protoporphyrin ring, to participate in the Fenton reaction and generate highly reactive hydroxyl radicals renders heme potentially toxic. Under inflammatory conditions, the release of heme from hemoproteins leads to an exacerbated oxidative stress, a deleterious effect associated with tissue damage and disease severity.Aims:As immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases often cause a certain degree of hemolysis and vascular leakage, it is reasonable to assume that the cytotoxicity of heme/Fe may also affect less accessible organs, such as the brain, thus increasing the risk and severity of neurodegenerative diseases.Methods:This hypothesis has been investigated in mice, in which the exogenous administration of heme or the release of this molecule upon inflammation/infectionwas shown to enhance the severity of Parkinson's disease (PD). An increased susceptibility to pharmacologic PD was observed when mice are exposed to heme and subsequently treated with 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), a neurotoxin precursor that, once converted into the active metabolite, irreversibly damages the dopaminergic neurons (DNs).Results:Our results demonstrate that from circulation, heme is capable to enter the brain and trigger neuroinflammation. While this is associated with the recruitment of immune cells, which breach the BBB and enter the brain, an increased level of circulating heme was shown to contribute to the occurrence of brain Fe overload, causing an exacerbated locomotor dysfunction in response to PD induction.Summary/Conclusion:Therefore, our findings suggest that the release of heme in circulation upon immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases is capable to prime the brain and contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as PD.
Exploring the potential of phenolic and antioxidant compounds in new Rosaceae fruits
Authors: Razola‐Díaz María del Carmen , Aznar‐Ramos María José , Benítez Guillermo , Gómez‐Caravaca Ana María , Verardo Vito 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDRosaceae fruits have been used in traditional medicine for the prevention and treatment of diseases. However, these fruits have not extensively been studied regarding their phenolic composition. Thus, this research focuses on the determination of phenolic compounds by high‐performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, flavan‐3‐ols by high‐performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection, and the antioxidant activity by 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid), and ferric reducing antioxidant power of the fruits of five species of genera Crataegus and Sorbus (Rosaceae).RESULTSWe found a total of 71 phenolic compounds from which 30 were identified in these berries for the first time. Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laciniata revealed higher total phenolic and flavan‐3‐ol contents than the other species and the highest antioxidant activities.CONCLUSIONSTherefore, the fruits evaluated have demonstrated to be important sources of bioactive compounds with huge potential for being used in nutraceutical or food scopes. Additional studies could be needed to evaluate the influence of the different production areas on the phenolic content. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Encounter between Gyroid and Lamellae in Janus Colloidal Particles Self‐Assembled by a Rod–Coil Block Copolymer
Authors: Huang Chunzhi , Zhang Xinyue , Lyu Xiaolin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractControlling the internal structure of block copolymer (BCP) particles has a significant influence on its functionalities. Here, a structure‐controlling method is proposed to regulate the internal structure of BCP Janus colloidal particles using different surfactants. Different microphase separation processes take place in two connected halves of the Janus particles. An order‐order transition between gyroid and lamellar phases is observed in polymeric colloids. The epitaxial growth during the structural transformation from gyroid to lamellar phase undergoes a two‐layered rearrangement to accommodate the interdomain spacing mismatch between these two phases. This self‐assembly behavior can be ascribed to the preferential wetting of BCP chains at the interface, which can change the chain conformation of different blocks. The Janus colloidal particles can further experience a reversible phase transition by restructuring the polymer particles under solvent vapor. It is anticipated that the new phase behavior found in Janus particles can not only enrich the self‐assembly study of BCPs but also provide opportunities for various applications based on Janus particles with ordered structures.
Influence of seawater sea sand concrete environment on the long‐term tensile properties of pultruded basalt and basalt‐carbon‐hybrid fiber reinforced polymer profiles
Authors: Su Chang , Wang Xin , Ding Lining , Zhou Jingyang , Chen Zhiyuan , Wu Zhishen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo reveal the durability of fiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) profiles, which differ from FRP bars due to the clear variations in the internal structure of the fibers. This study experimentally investigated the tensile properties of FRP profiles in the seawater sea sand concrete (SSC) environment at 25, 45, and 60°C. Unidirectional basalt FRP profiles, multidirectional basalt FRP profiles, and basalt and carbon hybrid FRP profiles were considered. SEM analysis was performed to evaluate the corrosion mechanism. Results show that the strength degradation of FRP profiles accelerated with rising ambient temperature due to resin corrosion in hyperthermia. After 63 days of immersion in the SSC environment solution, multidirectional basalt FRP (BFRP) profiles exhibited more severe corrosion than unidirectional BFRP profiles (82.5% and 88.2%, respectively). The hybrid FRP profiles exhibited a strength retention of 86.4%, which was higher than that of multidirectional BFRP profiles due to the superior alkali resistance of carbon fibers compared to basalt fibers. In addition, prediction models of FRP profiles based on the Arrhenius relation were proposed with a high correlation coefficient of R2.Highlights
Durability of FRP profiles in SSC environment was studied.
Basalt and carbon fibers hybrid reinforced multidirectional polymer profiles.
Corrosion mechanism of FRP profiles was revealed.
Tensile property prediction model of FRPs in SSC environment was proposed.
Introduction and Foundations
Authors: Badger Simon , Henn Johannes , Plefka Jan Christoph , Zoia Simone 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this introductory chapter we review the foundations of perturbative, relativistic quantum field theory. We focus on space-time and internal symmetries that are a highly successful guiding principle in the construction and classification of relativistic quantum field theories. We begin with the Poincaré group—the fundamental space-time symmetry of nature—that achieves the classification of elementary particles in terms of their masses and spins. We review scalars, fermions, gauge fields and gravity, and expose their perturbative quantisation leading to their Feynman rules. Helicity spinors are introduced that capture the polarisation and momentum degrees of freedom of the scattered particles. The internal non-Abelian gauge symmetry is reviewed and two methods for an efficient management of the colour degrees of freedom are discussed. They lead to the central concept of colour-ordered amplitudes. In the final section, we employ this colour-ordered formalism to evaluate tree-level three- and four-gluon amplitudes, and depict general classes of vanishing tree-amplitudes of gluons and gravitons.
Solutions to the Exercises
Authors: Badger Simon , Henn Johannes , Plefka Jan Christoph , Zoia Simone 
Published: December 2023

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Introduction
Authors: Debrunner Gabriela 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis book takes up a topical issue in spatial planning, land use policy, housing studies, and sustainable urban geography—the fight against urban sprawl leading to new urban densification strategies—and interrogates the consequences of densification from the perspective of its impacts on social sustainability. Such an analysis is absolutely necessary considering that the arguments in favor of densification have so far relied mostly on discourses of ecological and economic sustainability. However, planners, policymakers, and urban practitioners cannot avoid the question of the social dimension of densification, if only to secure the social acceptance of densification objectives without which implementing densification will quickly become very difficult. This chapter announces the research objectives and clearly formulates the general question, which is then broken down into three sub-questions.
Governing by New Institutionalist Political Ecology
Authors: Debrunner Gabriela 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo address the impacts of densification on social sustainability, this book follows a multidisciplinary theoretical approach based on three theoretical strands: public policy analysis (land use planning as a public policy), new institutional economics (role of property rights) and political ecology (conceptualization of power). In addition, these concepts are linked to human geography (actor-centered perspective, construction of space) as well as housing (gentrification, social segregation) and sustainability (resources use) studies. The analytical framework of the Institutional Resource Regimes (IRR) makes it possible to connect these different disciplines. The IRR enables to conceptualize the combined effect of public policies and property rights on the regulation of use rights to the land and housing resources. In general, this multidisciplinary theoretical approach allows to point out and highlight the limited amount of recent scientific research on the crucial role played by power in spatial development.
Investigating Switzerland
Authors: Debrunner Gabriela 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe book pertains the coherent integration of the four scientific articles—all published in well-known academic journals in the field. It therefore presents an outstanding empirical analysis of four case studies in Switzerland, including not only a detailed analysis of the selected case studies, but also detailed comparisons carried out according to the specific needs of the different articles. 54 interviews were carried out in total. Article 1 starts with the analysis of the Swiss federal institutional regime in force to understand how the Swiss federal government defines policies for housing (re)development in dense urban environments (sub-question 1). Article 2 discusses the concept of social sustainability in housing from different theoretical perspectives. Article 3 further investigates how densification materializes at the municipal level. It focuses on public policies and policy instruments that guide densification of housing stocks in municipalities. Finally, Article 4 then shifts the focus from the federal to the local level and examines in a single case study how private property owners respond to the Swiss policy shift towards densification.
Feedback Stabilization of a Two-Fluid Surface Tension System Modeling the Motion of a Soap Bubble at Low Reynolds Number: The Two-Dimensional Case
Authors: Court Sébastien 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to design a feedback operator for stabilizing in infinite time horizon a system modeling the interactions between a viscous incompressible fluid and the deformation of a soap bubble. The latter is represented by an interface separating a bounded domain of $$\mathbb {R}^2$$

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2

into two connected parts filled with viscous incompressible fluids. The interface is a smooth perturbation of the 1-sphere, and the surrounding fluids satisfy the incompressible Stokes equations in time-dependent domains. The mean curvature of the surface defines a surface tension force which induces a jump of the normal trace of the Cauchy stress tensor. The response of the fluids is a velocity trace on the interface, governing the time evolution of the latter, via the equality of velocities. The data are assumed to be sufficiently small, in particular the initial perturbation, that is the initial shape of the soap bubble is close enough to a circle. The control function is a surface tension type force on the interface. We design it as the sum of two feedback operators: one is explicit, the second one is finite-dimensional. They enable us to define a control operator that stabilizes locally the soap bubble to a circle with an arbitrary exponential decay rate, up to translations, and up to non-contact with the outer boundary.
Detecting and diagnosing prior and likelihood sensitivity with power-scaling
Authors: Kallioinen Noa , Paananen Topi , Bürkner Paul-Christian , Vehtari Aki 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDetermining the sensitivity of the posterior to perturbations of the prior and likelihood is an important part of the Bayesian workflow. We introduce a practical and computationally efficient sensitivity analysis approach using importance sampling to estimate properties of posteriors resulting from power-scaling the prior or likelihood. On this basis, we suggest a diagnostic that can indicate the presence of prior-data conflict or likelihood noninformativity and discuss limitations to this power-scaling approach. The approach can be easily included in Bayesian workflows with minimal effort by the model builder and we present an implementation in our new R package . We further demonstrate the workflow on case studies of real data using models varying in complexity from simple linear models to Gaussian process models.
Estimation of a likelihood ratio ordered family of distributions
Authors: Mösching Alexandre , Dümbgen Lutz 
Published: December 2023

AbstractConsider bivariate observations$$(X_1,Y_1), \ldots , (X_n,Y_n) \in {\mathbb {R}}\times {\mathbb {R}}$$(X1,Y1),…,(Xn,Yn)∈R×Rwith unknown conditional distributions$$Q_x$$QxofY, given that$$X = x$$X=x. The goal is to estimate these distributions under the sole assumption that$$Q_x$$Qxis isotonic inxwith respect to likelihood ratio order. If the observations are identically distributed, a related goal is to estimate the joint distribution$$\mathcal {L}(X,Y)$$L(X,Y)under the sole assumption that it is totally positive of order two. An algorithm is developed which estimates the unknown family of distributions$$(Q_x)_x$$(Qx)xvia empirical likelihood. The benefit of the stronger regularization imposed by likelihood ratio order over the usual stochastic order is evaluated in terms of estimation and predictive performances on simulated as well as real data.