bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined GnRH‐agonist and HMG therapy in patients with stimulation failure
Authors: Loutradis D. , Kallianidis K. , Siskos K. , Bletsa R. , Creatsas G. , Michalas S. , Aravantinos D. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThis study deals with the combined therapy of GnRH‐agonist (GnRH‐a) and HMG for stimulation in 15 patients who failed two prior in vitro fertilization attempts. Fifty‐three patients who received HMG without GnRH‐agonist suppresion served as controls. Comparing the HMG group with GnRH‐a/HMG cycles, the cancellation rate dropped from 35.5% to 13.2%. Oocyte recovery was similar in both groups, as were the fertilization rates, 88.4% in GnRH‐a and 82% in HMG cycles, respectively. The number of embryos available for transfer was virtually identical in both groups (3.7 vs. 3.6). Embryo cleavage speed was higher in GnRH‐a than in HMG regimens. The E2 rise was smooth in the GnRH‐a group compared to the sharp rise observed in the HMG group. The pregnancy rate per transfer was 30.5% in the GnRH‐a group versus 20.5% in the HMG group. GnRH‐a seems to offer a clear improvement to a number of stimulation failures.
The daytime glucose profile as a standardized model for metabolic management of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy
Authors: Thurnau G.R. , Payne G.G. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOn the basis of normative data from non‐diabetic gravidae, the daytime glucose profile (DGP) is introduced as a model for insulin management of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy. The DGP employs four preprandial (target level = 70 mg/dl) and three 1‐h post‐prandial glucose determinations (target level = 140 mg/dl). Insulin changes are based on a simple equation applied to individual glucose value difference between the patient (P) and target (T) levels (P − T/20). With the aid of this model, the average (± SD) of the daytime mean plasma glucose (DMG) levels of 22 pregnant women requiring insulin treatment (183 ± 36 mg/dl) approached normalization (114 ± 15 mg/dl) after 2–7 profile determinations (median = 3.5).
Fructosamine as a screening‐test for gestational diabetes mellitus: a reappraisal
Authors: Nasrat H.A. , Ajabnoor M.A. , Ardawi M.S.M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFructosamine, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAIc) and serum total proteins were measured in normal nondiabetic pregnant women (n = 170) at three stages of pregnancy (14–18, 24–28, and 32–40 weeks of gestation). No significant correlation was found between fructosamine and either HbAIc or total plasma proteins. Only early in pregnancy (< 20 weeks of gestation) was a correlation found between fructosamine and fasting blood glucose (r = 0.40, P < 0.05). There was also no correlation between either tests (i.e. fructosamine and HbAIc) and fetal birthweight. The value of fructosamine measurement in the detection of diabetes in pregnancy was further tested in a group of high‐risk patients (n = 98) for developing carbohydrate intolerance. It is concluded that fructosamine has limited value as a screening test for gestational diabetes mellitus, particularly for the mild form of the glucose intolerance.
Preterm premature rupture of fetal membranes in a low socioeconomic population: results of conservative management
Authors: Okonofua F.E. , Onwudiegwu U. , Odunsi O.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA retrospective review of pregnancies complicated by preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) in 149 women of low socioeconomic status in Nigeria was undertaken. Delivery occurred within 24 h of onset of symptoms in 51 of these women (immediate delivery group), whereas 98 patients were managed conservatively. The mean length of gestation was higher in the conservatively managed group and the perinatal mortality was correspondingly lower. In contrast, there was a slightly increased incidence of puerperal febrile morbidity in the conservative group. These data suggest that conservative management can be selectively employed in PPROM occurring in women of low socioeconomic status.
Comparison between renal ultrasonography and excretory urography in cervical cancer
Authors: Frohlich E.P. , Bex P. , Nissenbaum M.M. , Epstein B.M. , Sonnendecker E.W.W. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractRenal ultrasonography was compared with intravenous pyelography in order to establish the suitability and accuracy of the former investigation as a screening method for uretic obstruction in patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix. With a sensitivity of 96.30%, specificity of 96.75%, a positive predictive value of 87.64% and a negative predictive value of 99.09% calculated on a large sample of 420 kidneys, it is recommended that renal ultrasonography is the method of choice in screening for ureteric obstruction in patients with cervical cancer. At the very least it is a suitable and equivalent alternative to intravenous pyelography in such patients.
Pituitary apoplexy in an acromegalic woman operated on during pregnancy by transphenoidal approach
Authors: Lunardi P. , Rizzo A. , Missori P. , Fraioli B. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWe report a rare case of pituitary apoplexy in a woman, acromegalic at the sixth month of pregnancy, who suddenly complained of visual acuity disturbances.
Low dose acetyl salicylic acid in severe preeclampsia
Authors: Toppozada M. , Darwish E.A. , Osman Y.F. , Abd‐Rabbo M.S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTwenty pregnant patients in the third trimester with severe preeclampsia were allocated at random into two equal groups. The first group was treated for 10 days with a low dose (75 mg/day) of acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) then with conventional therapy for another 10 days. The second group received the same regimen but conventional therapy in the first 10 days and ASA in the second 10 days. Changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, albuminuria, lower limb edema and urinary output were closely monitored and recorded. This comparative crossover study indicated that both the low dose ASA and conventional therapy significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure which was more pronounced with ASA and in group I. Crossover from one treatment to the other maintained the response but was more beneficial when ASA was given first.
Midwives: key rural health workers in maternity care
Authors: Kwast B.E. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe most acceptable and attainable rural health worker for maternity care is frequently the traditional birth attendant or other personnel lacking clinical skills to treat life‐threatening emergencies. When first referral level facilities are also poorly staffed and illequipped to deal with these emergencies, this again points to the need for training of and delegation to the trained midwife in rural areas. Unfortunately, their number is declining in rural areas of some countries most in need, e.g., Tanzania. Elsewhere, midwifery skills and knowledge have been integrated into basic nursing education, but practical skills are only developed postbasically when midwife educators are expert clinicians. The graduates of such training could be delegated responsibility for many lifesaving procedures in obstetric care. Successful clinical experience in use of these responsibilities will earn the midwife's needed community reputation as a trusted health worker.
Trends in postabortal mortality and morbidity in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Adewole I.F. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIllegally induced abortion at the University College Hospital, Ibadan increased steadily over a 10‐year period (1980–1989) despite increasing availability of family planning services. Abortion was the commonest cause of death in the gynecology service during the period of the study and constituted 36.6% of fatalities. The majority of patients (76.2%) did not accept contraceptives. Almost one‐third of the illegal terminations were performed by physicians. Although the percentage of deaths decreased, the contribution of physicians to these fatalities increased, and accounted for 6/9 (66.7%) of fatalities in 1989. This circumstance probably signifies a defect in physician training and ability to perform abortion after‐care. Physicians should be trained in abortion care and laws changed in conjunction with greater drive to improve contraceptive utilization and reduce the incidence of unsafely induced abortion.
Use of low molecular weight heparin for prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolism in pregnancy
Authors: Gillis S. , Shushan A. , Eldor A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractLow molecular weight heparin (LMWH) preserves the antithrombotic action but not the anticoagulant activity of heparin. LMWH is safe, does not cross the placenta and is administered as a single daily injection. We report our experience with 6 pregnant women given LMWH for treatment or prophylaxis of thromboembolism. The drug was successfully given to 5 women for periods of 6 weeks–6 months and no thromboembolic complications occurred during pregnancy or pueperium. There were no hemorrhagic complications and no excessive bleeding was observed during delivery. The sixth patient relapsed after 6 weeks of therapy. This patient also showed resistance to standard heparin administered intravenously at a very high dose. LMWH should be considered an alternative to standard heparin in pregnant women requiring antithrombotic prophylaxis and therapy.
Level and causes of maternal mortality in Guinea (West Africa)
Authors: Toure B. , Thonneau P. , Cantrelle P. , Barry T.M. , Ngo‐Khac T. , Papiernik E. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn order to evaluate the level of maternal mortality at Conakry, capital of Guinea (West Africa), a descriptive epidemiological study was made of all maternal deaths occurring between July 1st, 1989 and June 30th, 1990. To ensure that cases of maternal death were recorded as exhaustively as possible, we conducted this study over 1 year in municipal and hospital maternity units, and 3 months in the urban community. One hundred thirty‐nine maternal deaths were registered, representing an annual maternal mortality rate of 559/100 000 live births. The main causes of maternal death were abortion, complications linked with hypertension, and postpartum bleeding.
Small for gestational age twins: A retrospective analysis of clinical and acid‐base status immediately after delivery
Authors: Bartnicki Janusz , Meyenburg Michael , Saling Erich 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn a retrospective study on 86 twins born between 1971 and 1990, the clinical and acidity status of small for gestational age twins in cases of uncomplicated labor was analysed and compared with the status of appropriate for gestational age twins. No difference was observed in Apgar score and umbilical blood pH between growth retarded and normal twins. The single fact of growth retardation without other factors of risk during labor has no influence on clinical status of small for gestational age twins.
Pelvic tuberculosis
Authors: Saracoglu Ö.F. , Mungan T. , Tanzer F. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractPelvic tuberculosis was diagnosed in 72 patients analyzed during the years 1979–1989. Twenty‐nine percent of the patients were over 40 years of age. The most common complaints were infertility (47.2%), abdominal or pelvic pain (32%) and abnormal uterine bleeding (11%). Only 2 patients had past or family history of pulmonary tuberculosis. The physical examination was normal in 31.6% of the patients. The chest X‐ray was normal in 81% of the patients. Blocked tubes were present in 32 of 34 patients who had hysterosalpingograms. Even if the diagnosis can be made from a histopathologic examination, hysterosalpingography is also a very useful aid in establishing a diagnosis. The most common site of infection was the tubes. Reconstructive surgery was performed in nine patients. Only one pregnancy was found in the present study without any medical or surgical treatment of pelvic tuberculosis. In one patient with habitual abortion as a cause endometrial tuberculosis was also found.
Strangulation of the umbilical cord due to combined amniotic band and true knot
Authors: Elchalal U. , Ashkenazy M. , Weissman A. , Rosenman D. , Blickstein I. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA case of fetal death due to an amniotic band and an umbilical cord true knot is presented. To the best of our knowledge the simultaneous occurrence of true knot of cord and amniotic band has never been previously reported and may shed light on the possible time of true knot formation in this case.
Haptoglobin as a sensitive marker of hemolysis in hellp‐syndrome
Authors: Wilke G. , Rath W. , Schutz E. , Armstrong V.W. , Kuhn W. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn a prospective study we measured laboratory variables of hemolysis in 25 patients with HELLP‐syndrome. Reduced haptoglobin levels were observed in all 25 patients at diagnosis. Elevated bilirubin and plasma hemoglobin levels were observed in 5/25 patients while an abnormal peripheral blood smear was found in 11/25 patients. Our results suggest that haptoglobin is a sensitive parameter for early detection of moderate hemolysis in HELLP‐syndrome and should be included in laboratory screening to aid diagnosis.
Sex differences in serum hormone levels in umbilical vein blood
Authors: Herruzo A.J. , Mozas J. , Alarcón J.L. , López J.M. , Molina R. , Molto L. , Martos J. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVE: To determine the serum levels of FSH, LH, PRL, estradiol, progesterone and testosterone in umbilical vein blood in a group of normal neonates. METHOD: Umbilical vein blood was obtained for serum analyses from 52 newborns (25 females and 27 males) in the Maternity of the Hospital Regional Virgen de las Nieves, Granada (Spain) and means were compared with Student's t‐test. RESULT: Mean values of prolactin, estradiol and progesterone were similar in both sexes. The levels of gonadotropins in umbilical vein blood found were significantly higher in newborn males than in females (P < 0.001 for LH, P < 0.007 for FSH). Testosterone levels were higher in male neonates than in females (P < 0.004). CONCLUSION: Our data reflect the dynamic state of male fetal endocrinological status in comparison to female fetuses, and strongly suggest that the mechanisms of hormonal regulation differ in the two sexes.
Norplant® use by women with sickle cell disease
Authors: Ladipo O.A. , Falusi A.G. , Feldblum P.J. , Osotimehin B.O. , Otolorin E.O. , Ojengbede O.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVE: To assess the safety of Norplant® contraceptive implant use by women with mild‐moderate homozygous sickle cell disease (HbSS). METHOD: Prospective observation of women pre‐ and post‐insertion of Norplant®, with each woman serving as her own control. Participants: 25 women 18–40 years of age who attended a hospital sickle cell clinic; post‐insertion data were available for 23 women. Outcome measures: Changes in hematologic parameters including PCV, MCV, reticulocytes, ISCs, HbF and bilirubin; changes in biochemical parameters including HDL cholesterol, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphate, serum creatinine and serum albumin. RESULT: With a mean follow‐up of 12.4 months (range 1–29 months), there were no clinically or statistically significant group or individual changes in the hematologic or biochemical parameters after Norplant® insertion. CONCLUSION: Norplant® appears to be a safe and appropriate contraceptive for women with mild‐moderate HbSS disease.
Hemostatic variables in patients with intrauterine fetal death
Authors: Duchinski T. , Pisarek‐Miedzinska D. , Szczepanski M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVE: To assess the occurrence of hemostatic disturbances in patients with intrauterine fetal death (IFD). METHOD: The occurrence of abnormal results of hemostatic variables and of bleeding complications was noted from the medical records of 41 patients with IFD, 6 of whom had a multiple pregnancy. RESULT: Apart from the increased platelet count, results of blood coagulation tests in all except one patient with IFD did not differ from normal values. This patient, who had a twin pregnancy with one dead fetus, had an increase in fibrin degradation products and fibrin monomers 4 weeks after IFD and fibrinogenopenia and thrombocytopenia 2 weeks later. CONCLUSION: The deterioration of systemic hemostasis in women with IFD is rare and only occurs after 4 weeks of dead fetus retention; the main signs of this deterioration are fibrinogenopenia and thrombocytopenia.
Effect of hormone replacement therapy on spinal bone mineral density and T lymphocyte subsets in premature ovarian failure and Turner's syndrome
Authors: Kurabayashi T. , Yasuda M. , Fujimaki T. , Yamamoto Y. , Oda K. , Tanaka K. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on bone metabolism and the immunological change in premature ovarian failure (POF) and Turner's syndrome. METHOD: The study was conducted on 17 POF patients, 10 Turner's syndrome patients and 35 control subjects aged 20–40 years. Bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar vertebra by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry, serum bone metabolic parameters and T lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood were investigated. RESULT: The untreated and treated patients of POF (0.829 ± 0.077, 0.918 ± 0.094 g/cm2) and the untreated and treated patients of Turner's syndrome (0.647 ± 0.037, 0.885 ± 0.148 g/cm2) showed spinal osteopenia compared with the control group (1.039 ± 0.107 g/cm2). They showed a significantly lower percentage of CD4 and a ratio of CD4/CD8 in T lymphocytes as compared with the control group before HRT. CONCLUSION: POF and Turner's syndrome patients showed marked spinal osteopenia and abnormal T lymphocytes subsets. HRT slightly improved their BMD and immunological status.
Polymerase chain reaction analysis of human papillomavirus in adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix
Authors: Matsuo N. , Iwasaka T. , Hayashi Y. , Hara K. , Mvula M. , Sugimori H. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThirty‐two cervical adenocarcinomas and adenosquamous carcinomas were examined to search for human papillomaviruses (HPVs) using the polymerase chain reaction system. Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) and type 18 (HPV18) deoxyribonucleic acid was detected in 22% and 16% of these carcinomas, respectively. HPV16 was the most common type in both adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma, and the mean age of the HPV negative patients was significantly higher than that of HP V positive patients. There may be an association between HPVs and the development of certain adenocarcinomas and adenosquamous carcinomas of the cervix.
Total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and steroid hormone changes in normal weight women during the menstrual cycle
Authors: Nduka E.U. , Agbedana E.O. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVE: To study total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and steroid changes in normal weight women during the menstrual cycle. METHOD: Multiple point blood samples obtained at different phases of the menstrual cycle in 14 student nurses, consuming normal Nigerian diets (rich in vegetable based proteins and fiber), were analyzed for HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol and for the steroids progesterone, estradiol and testosterone by RIA. RESULTS: A multivariate repeated measures analysis was carried out according to Pillais, Hotelings Willes and Roys tests and the three phases of menstrual cycle were found to be significantly different with the significance level at 0.030. CONCLUSION: The fluctuations in plasma lipids that occur at different phases of the menstrual cycle have important implications in evaluating the factors of coronary heart disease in women of reproductive age. Also, the results suggest that multiple point measurements may give a better estimate of plasma lipid changes in blood in women of reproductive age.
Screening for consumptive coagulopathy in preeclampsia
Authors: Metz J. , Cincotta R. , Francis M. , Derosa L. , Balloch A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractObjective: To identify a practical and cost‐effective profile of tests to screen for consumptive coagulopathy in preeclampsia (PE). Methods: Retrospective analysis of the results of measurements of platelet count, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), plasma fibrinogen and D‐dimers in 100 patients presenting with PE uncomplicated by other disease or antepartum hemorrhage. Twenty‐four patients had pregnancy‐induced hypertension only, and 76 hypertension with proteinuria. Results: The incidence of abnormal tests on presentation was raised D‐dimers 34%, thrombocytopenia 14%, prolonged APTT 12%, prolonged PT 3%, and low fibrinogen 2%. Prolonged APTT without thrombocytopenia occurred in 8% of patients. In 19 patients with elevation of D‐dimers alone, only one showed evidence of consumption of coagulation factors on subsequent testing. Conclusions: A combination of platelet count and APTT is probably a practical and cost‐effective combination to screen for consumptive coagulopathy in PE.
A simple alternative to parenteral oxytocics for the third stage of labor
Authors: Irons D.W. , Sriskandabalan P. , Bullough C.H.W. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractObjective: To determine the effect of nipple stimulation on uterine activity during the third stage of labor. Methods: Randomized controlled study comparing; (i) 15 min of nipple stimulation (n = 6), (ii) routine syntometrine injection (n = 3), (iii) no action/control (N = 5). Uterine activity was continuously measured using the placenta as an in‐situ hydrostatic bag connected to a pressure transducer. Results: Compared to controls uterine pressure was higher during nipple stimulation (103 mmHg vs. 70.8 mmHg, P = 0.04). The duration of the third stage and blood loss tended to be reduced with nipple stimulation compared to controls (20.3 vs. 12.3 min) and (257 vs. 166 ml) respectively but was not significant. Similar differences were observed between syntometrine and control groups. Conclusion: For women in developing countries where parenteral oxytocics are not available, nipple stimulation might reduce the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage. A larger trial now seems warranted.
Introduction of gynecologic endoscopic surgery in an African setting
Authors: Raiga J. , Kasia J.M. , Canis M. , Glowaczower E. , Doh A. , Bruhat M.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe new operative endoscopic techniques have been fully tried in the industrialized world and have spread to all surgical specialities. These new technologies present an obvious advantage for certain gynecologic pathologies which are particularly common in Africa. For pelvic inflammatory diseases, ectopic pregnancies and tubal sterility, laparoscopic surgery enables an initial assessment of disease, a less traumatic treatment and therefore a better long‐term prognosis for fertility and reduced postoperative morbidity. Recently, an operative endoscopic unit performing laparoscopic surgery and endoscopic resections was created at the Centre Hospitalo‐Universitaire de Yaoundé in Cameroon. This facility is the result of close collaboration between the University of Yaoundé and the University Hospital of Clermont‐Ferrand. This operative endoscopic unit has been functioning since April 1992. The authors discuss the difficulties involved in such projects, such as initial investment, maintenance of equipment and in particular training of the surgical team.