bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Anxiety Disorder and Depression in Long-Term Survivors of Testicular Cancer
Authors: Dahl Alv A. , Haaland Carl Fredrik , Mykletun Arnstein , Bremnes Roy , Dahl Olav , Klepp Olbjørn , Wist Erik , Fosså Sophie D. 
Published: March 2005

PurposeTo increase our knowledge of the prevalence of anxiety disorder and depression in long-term testicular cancer survivors (TCSs), and to identify variables associated with such caseness.Patients and MethodsParticipants were 1,408 TCSs treated between 1980 and 1994 in Norway. Participants provided information about their medical, social, and familial situation on a questionnaire. They also completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Anxiety disorder and depression were defined by a score ≥ 8 on the HADS subscales. The prevalence rates were compared with age-adjusted norm data.ResultsHADS-defined anxiety disorder was more prevalent in TCSs (19.2%; 95% CI, 17.2% to 21.3%) than in the norm sample (13.5%; 95% CI, 13.1% to 13.9%; P < .001), whereas the prevalence of HADS-defined depression did not differ from the norm (TCSs, 9.7%; 95% CI, 8.1% to 11.2% v norm, 10.1%, 95% CI, 9.5 to 10.5; P = .56). The relative risk for anxiety disorder was 1.49 (95% CI, 1.31 to 1.69) and for depression the relative risk was 0.96 (95% CI, 0.81 to1.14) in TCSs compared with norm. In multivariate analyses, HADS-defined anxiety disorder in TCSs was associated with young age, peripheral neuropathy, economic problems, alcohol problems, sexual problems, relapse anxiety, and having been treated for mental problems.ConclusionLong-term TCSs have an increased risk of HADS-defined anxiety disorder that warrants clinical attention. Checking easily available demographic and TC-related data and use of a simple screening test such as HADS assists the identification of TCSs with anxiety disorder.
Unequivocal Delineation of Clinicogenetic Subgroups and Development of a New Model for Improved Outcome Prediction in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Vandesompele Jo , Baudis Michael , De Preter Katleen , Van Roy Nadine , Ambros Peter , Bown Nick , Brinkschmidt Christian , Christiansen Holger , Combaret Valérie , Łastowska Maria , Nicholson James , O'Meara Anne , Plantaz Dominique , Stallings Raymond , Brichard Bénédicte , Van den Broecke Caroline , De Bie Sylvia , De Paepe Anne , Laureys Geneviève , Speleman Frank 
Published: March 2005

Purpose Neuroblastoma is a genetically heterogeneous pediatric tumor with a remarkably variable clinical behavior ranging from widely disseminated disease to spontaneous regression. In this study, we aimed for comprehensive genetic subgroup discovery and assessment of independent prognostic markers based on genome-wide aberrations detected by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). Materials and Methods Published CGH data from 231 primary untreated neuroblastomas were converted to a digitized format suitable for global data mining, subgroup discovery, and multivariate survival analyses. Results In contrast to previous reports, which included only a few genetic parameters, we present here for the first time a strategy that allows unbiased evaluation of all genetic imbalances detected by CGH. The presented approach firmly established the existence of three different clinicogenetic subgroups and indicated that chromosome 17 status and tumor stage were the only independent significant predictors for patient outcome. Important new findings were: (1) a normal chromosome 17 status as a delineator of a subgroup of presumed favorable-stage tumors with highly increased risk; (2) the recognition of a survivor signature conferring 100% 5-year survival for stage 1, 2, and 4S tumors presenting with whole chromosome 17 gain; and (3) the identification of 3p deletion as a hallmark of older age at diagnosis. Conclusion We propose a new regression model for improved patient outcome prediction, incorporating tumor stage, chromosome 17, and amplification/deletion status. These findings may prove highly valuable with respect to more reliable risk assessment, evaluation of clinical results, and optimization of current treatment protocols.
Patients With an Unclassified Genetic Variant in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 Genes Show Different Clinical Features From Those With a Mutation
Authors: Gómez-García Encarna B. , Ambergen Ton , Blok Marinus J. , van den Wijngaard Arthur 
Published: March 2005

Purpose To obtain and compare the probabilities of finding a mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, the clinical features, and the family history among patients with an unclassified variant (UV) and those with a pathogenic mutation. Patients and Methods The study included 70 patients: 24 with a UV (BRCA1, n = 4; BRCA2, n = 19; both, n = 1), and 46 with a mutation (BRCA1, n = 32; BRCA2, n = 14). Two of the UVs were novel variants; the rest had been reported previously as UVs. Probabilities of finding a mutation were retrospectively obtained using BRCAPRO and Myriad II programs. Results The probability to detect a mutation was significantly lower in the group of patients with a UV than in those with a mutation (BRCAPRO [mean ± standard deviation], 0.297 ± 0.312 v 0.627 ± 0.315, P = .001; and Myriad II, 0.124 ± 0.090 v 0.283 ± 0.176, P = .001, respectively). Independent predictive factors of finding either a UV or a mutation were number of affected relatives (2.9 ± 1.4 v 4.0 ± 1.9; P = .039) and number of tumors among relatives (3.3 ± 1.4 v 4.4 ± 1.8; P = .031), respectively. Conclusion The combined data about the predictive models show significant differences between both groups. Individual probabilities can be regarded as a help to guide the clinical management of patients with a UV in those genes. However, a definitive conclusion about the pathogenicity of a UV can not be obtained from the clinical features alone, but only in combination with biochemical and epidemiologic data.
Primary CNS Lymphoma of T-Cell Origin: A Descriptive Analysis From the International Primary CNS Lymphoma Collaborative Group
Authors: Shenkier Tamara N. , Blay Jean-Yves , O’Neill Brian Patrick , Poortmans Philip , Thiel Eckhard , Jahnke Kristoph , Abrey Lauren E. , Neuwelt Edward , Tsang Richard , Batchelor Tracy , Harris Nancy , Ferreri Andrés J.M. , Ponzoni Maurilio , O’Brien Peter , Rubenstein James , Connors Joseph M. 
Published: March 2005

Purpose To describe the demographic and tumor related characteristics and outcomes for patients with primary T-cell CNS lymphoma (TPCNSL). Patients and Methods A retrospective series of patients with TPCNSL was compiled from twelve cancer centers in seven countries. Results We identified 45 patients with a median age of 60 years (range, 3 to 84 years). Twenty (44%) had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) of 0 or 1. Twenty-six (58%) had involvement of a cerebral hemisphere and sixteen (36%) had lesions of deeper sites in the brain. Serum lactate dehydrogenase was elevated in 7 (32%) of 22 patients, and CSF protein was elevated in 19 of 24 patients (79%) with available data. The median disease-specific survival (DSS) was 25 months (95% CI, 11 to 38 months). The 2- and 5-year DSS were 51% (95% CI, 35% to 66%) and 17% (95% CI, 6% to 34%), respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted for age (≤ 60 v > 60 years), PS (0 or 1 v 2, 3, or 4), involvement of deep structures of the CNS (no v yes), and methotrexate (MTX) use in the primary treatment (yes v no). Only PS and MTX use were significantly associated with better outcome with hazard ratios of 0.2 (95% CI, 0.1 to 0.4) and 0.4 (95% CI, 0.2 to 0.8), respectively. Conclusion This is the largest series ever assembled of TPCNSL. The presentation and outcome appear similar to that of B cell PCNSL. PS 0 or 1 and administration of MTX are associated with better survival.
Randomized Trial of Amifostine in Locally Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy and Hyperfractionated Radiation: Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Trial 98-01
Authors: Movsas Benjamin , Scott Charles , Langer Corey , Werner-Wasik Maria , Nicolaou Nicos , Komaki Ritsuko , Machtay Mitchell , Smith Colum , Axelrod Rita , Sarna Linda , Wasserman Todd , Byhardt Roger 
Published: March 2005

Purpose To test the ability of the cytoprotectant, amifostine, to reduce chemoradiotherapy-induced esophagitis and evaluate its influence on quality of life (QOL) and swallowing symptoms. Patients and Methods A total of 243 patients with stage II to IIIA/B non–small-cell lung cancer received induction paclitaxel 225 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) days 1 and 22 and carboplatin area under the curve (AUC) days 1 and 22, followed by concurrent weekly paclitaxel (50 mg/m2 IV) and carboplatin (AUC 2), and hyperfractionated radiation therapy (69.6 Gy at 1.2 Gy bid). Patients were randomly assigned at registration to amifostine (AM) 500 mg IV four times per week or no AM during chemoradiotherapy. Beyond standard toxicity end points, physician dysphagia logs (PDLs), daily patient swallowing diaries, and QOL (EORTC QLQ-C30/LC-13) were also collected. Swallowing AUC analyses were calculated from patient diaries and PDLs. Results A total of 120 patients were randomly assigned to receive AM, and 122, to receive no AM (one patient was ineligible); 72% received AM per protocol or with a minor deviation. AM was associated with higher rates of acute nausea (P = .03), vomiting (P = .007), cardiovascular toxicity (P = .0001), and infection or febrile neutropenia (P = .03). The rate of ≥ grade 3 esophagitis was 30% with AM versus 34% without AM (P = .9). Patient diaries demonstrated lower swallowing dysfunction AUC with amifostine (z test P = .025). QOL was not significantly different between the two arms, except for pain, which showed more clinically meaningful improvement and less deterioration at 6 weeks follow-up (v pretreatment) in the AM arm (P = .003). The median survival rates for both arms were comparable (AM, 17.3 v no AM, 17.9 months; P = .87). Conclusion AM did not significantly reduce esophagitis ≥ grade 3 in patients receiving hyperfractionated radiation and chemotherapy. However, patient self-assessments suggested a possible advantage to AM that is being explored with modified dosing route strategies.
Concurrent Administration of High-Dose Rituximab Before and After Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation for Relapsed Aggressive B-Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas
Authors: Khouri Issa F. , Saliba Rima M. , Hosing Chitra , Okoroji Grace-Julia , Acholonu Sandra , Anderlini Paolo , Couriel Daniel , De Lima Marcos , Donato Michele L. , Fayad Luis , Giralt Segio , Jones Roy , Korbling Martin , Maadani Farzaneh , Manning John T. , Pro Barbara , Shpall Elizabeth , Younes Anas , McLaughlin Peter , Champlin Richard E. 
Published: March 2005

Purpose We investigated the efficacy and safety of administering high-dose rituximab (HD-R) in combination with high-dose carmustine, cytarabine, etoposide, and melphalan chemotherapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation (SCT) in patients with recurrent B-cell aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). Patients and Methods Sixty-seven consecutive patients were treated. Rituximab was administered during stem-cell mobilization (1 day before chemotherapy at 375 mg/m2 and 7 days after chemotherapy at 1,000 mg/m2), together with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 10 μg/kg and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor 250 μg/m2 administered subcutaneously daily. HD-R of 1,000 mg/m2 was administered again days 1 and 8 after transplantation. The results of this treatment were retrospectively compared with those of a historical control group receiving the same preparative regimen without rituximab. Results With a median follow-up time for the study group of 20 months, the overall survival rate at 2-years was 80% (95% CI, 65% to 89%) for the study group and 53% (95% CI, 34% to 69%) for the control group (P = .002). Disease-free survival was 67% (95% CI, 51% to 79%) for the study group and 43% (95% CI, 26% to 60%) for the control group (P = .004). The median time to recovery of absolute neutrophil count to ≥ 500 cells/μL was 11 days (range, 8 to 37 days) for the rituximab group and 10 days (range, 8 to 17 days) for the matched control group (P = .001). However, infections were not significantly increased in patients treated with rituximab. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that using HD-R and autologous SCT is a feasible and promising treatment for patients with B-cell aggressive NHL.
Update on Personal Digital Assistant Applications for the Healthcare Provider
Authors: Keplar Kristine E , Urbanski Christopher J , Kania Deanna S 
Published: March 2005

OBJECTIVE: To review the common general drug information applications and specialty drug information applications available for personal digital assistants (PDAs). DATA SOURCES: The literature was accessed through MEDLINE (2003–June 2004). Other information was obtained through secondary sources, such as Web sites describing common PDA applications as well as actual product trials. The key search terms used were handheld, PDA, personal digital assistants, drug information, pharmacokinetics, medical information, and medical applications. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Articles or studies that provided a review of drug information references for the PDA since 2002 were included. Data pertaining to cost and application size were obtained from product or vendor Web sites. DATA SYNTHESIS: There are numerous medical applications available for the PDA including general drug information references, specialty drug information references (eg, pediatrics, cardiology, infectious diseases, oncology, psychology, herbals), diagnostic applications, medical calculators, nursing references, and patient tracking databases. Due to the huge array of programs, as well as factors such as cost and memory requirements, the healthcare provider must be selective in the medical applications that are placed on the PDA. CONCLUSIONS: There are many excellent PDA drug information applications that provide fast and accurate drug information and other features that assist the healthcare provider.
Efficacy of Topical Anesthetics to Reduce Pain in Premature Infants during Eye Examinations for Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Marsh Virginia A , Young William O , Dunaway Kimberly K , Kissling Grace E , Carlos Rita Q , Jones Susan M , Shockley Dawn H , Weaver Nicole L , Ransom J Laurence , Gal Peter 
Published: March 2005

BACKGROUND: Eye examinations for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are stressful and probably painful, but many ophthalmologists do not apply topical anesthetics because their efficacy in reducing pain has not been established. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential benefits of topical anesthetic eye drops in reducing pain during neonatal eye examination for ROP. METHODS: Neonates born at ⩽30 weeks' gestation and expected to have at least 2 examinations for ROP were included. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either proparacaine HCl ophthalmic solution 0.5% or NaCl 0.9% (saline) eye drops prior to an eye examination. In a subsequent examination, each patient received the alternate treatment. Eye drops were prepared in the pharmacy in identical tuberculin syringes, and physicians, nurses, and pharmacists were blinded to the treatment given. Pain was measured using a scoring system with both physical and physiologic measures of pain (Premature Infant Pain Profile [PIPP], possible range 1–21), which has been validated in preterm infants. PIPP scoring was performed simultaneously by 2 nurses: 1 and 5 minutes before and after the eye examination and during initial placement of the eye speculum. The same ophthalmologist performed all examinations. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients were studied, with 11 infants receiving proparacaine and 11 receiving saline as the first treatment. Crossover was performed with a median of 17.5 days between treatments. Patients experienced significantly less pain at speculum insertion with proparacaine than with saline (paired difference −2.5 ± 3.4; p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Topical anesthetic pretreatment reduces the pain response to eye examination for ROP and should become routine practice. Because this is not effective in all infants, additional measures to reduce pain should be taken.
Role of reflective (metallic) support on microwave heating
Authors: Basak Tanmay 
Published: March 2005

AbstractA detailed analysis has been carried out to assess the role of reflective support on microwave heating of one‐dimensional (1‐D) slabs and 2‐D cylinders for water and oil samples. The reflective supports are placed at the unexposed face for 1‐D slabs, and the supports are the annular cylinders with specific radii for 2‐D cylinders. A preliminary analysis on microwave heating of samples has been shown via average power within a sample vs sample dimension diagram for various regimes. For 1‐D water samples, the regime I corresponds to local maxima in average power for samples with supports, and regime II corresponds to maxima in power for samples without supports. For 1‐D oil samples, the greater average power with supports during regimes I and II is observed. The enhanced power absorption is observed due to greater stationary field intensities, and the greater heating rates are due to the enhanced power deposition in samples with supports for specific regimes. For 2‐D water samples, the reflective supports are found to be attractive for specific aspects ratios and power absorption can be enhanced by several magnitudes for thicker cylinder radii. The power absorption is found to be generally decreased due to supports for 2‐D oil samples. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2005
Introduction to this issue of American Journal of Medical Genetics
Authors: Toriello Helga V. , Finnell Richard 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThis is an introduction to this issue of “Seminars” which is an offshoot of the proceedings of the third International Neural Tube Defects Symposium, held in 2003. This was an interdisciplinary meeting with the common emphasis on neural tube defects research. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of Folbp1 in the regional regulation of apoptosis and cell proliferation in the developing neural tube and craniofacies
Authors: Tang Louisa S. , Santillano Daniel R. , Wlodarczyk Bogdan J. , Miranda Rajesh C. , Finnell Richard H. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractFolic acid is essential for many cellular reactions, including synthesis of nucleotides and regulation of cell cycle. Folic acid‐binding protein one (Folbp1), a membrane‐bounded protein, is the primary mediator of folic acid transport. Mice deficient in Folbp1 gene die in utero with multiple malformations, including severe exencephaly and craniofacial defects. Fusion of the neural tube and craniofacies require precisely regulated interactions of apoptosis, cell proliferation, and differentiation. To understand the role of Folbp1 in regulating the fusions of these primordia, levels of dead and proliferating precursor cells from Folbp1 embryos were quantified before the fusion processes. Massive apoptosis was detected in the Folbp1−/− defective tissues, with Bax and activated caspase‐3 distributed evenly across the apico‐basal axis of the lateral neural plate. 5‐Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and PCNA labeling assays revealed a reduced cell proliferation as well. However, telomerase activity was unaltered, arguing against telomere shortening and consequently, chromosomal instability, as the cause of the apoptosis. Notably, Islet‐1 and 2H3 immunohistochemistry demonstrated the presence of differentiating neuronal cells, albeit in decreased numbers. Interestingly, Folbp1−/− embryos also elaborated novel neural structures that sprouted orthogonally from the embryonic neuraxis. Assays on the defective craniofacies exhibited similar phenomena, suggesting the neural crest precursor population that gives rise to both these structures is selectively vulnerable to Folbp1 inactivation. The results demonstrate a prominent role of Folbp1 in the regional regulation of apoptosis and cell proliferation that underlies the aberrant neural tube and craniofacial defects. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Current perspectives on the causes of neural tube defects resulting from diabetic pregnancy
Authors: Loeken Mary R. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractMaternal diabetes increases the risk for neural tube, and other, structural defects. The mother may have either type 1 or type 2 diabetes, but the diabetes must be existing at the earliest stages of pregnancy, during which organogenesis occurs. Abnormally high glucose levels in maternal blood, which leads to increased glucose transport to the embryo, is responsible for the teratogenic effects of maternal diabetes. Consequently, expression of genes that control essential developmental processes is disturbed. In this review, some of the biochemical pathways by which excess glucose metabolism disturbs neural tube formation are discussed. Research from the author's laboratory has shown that expression of Pax3, a gene required for neural tube closure, is significantly reduced by maternal diabetes, and this is associated with significantly increased neural tube defects (NTD). Pax3 encodes a transcription factor that has recently been shown to inhibit p53‐dependent apoptosis. Evidence in support of this model, in which excess glucose metabolism inhibits expression of Pax3, thereby derepressing p53‐dependent apoptosis of neuroepithelium and leading to NTD will be discussed. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epidemiology of neural tube defects
Authors: Mitchell Laura E. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe epidemiological investigation of the common open neural tube defects (NTDs), anencephaly, and spina bifida, has a long history. The most significant finding from these past studies of NTDs was the identification of the protective effect of maternal, periconceptional supplementation with folic acid. Fortuitously, the association between folic acid and NTDs became widely accepted in the early 1990s, at a time when genetic association studies of complex traits were becoming increasingly feasible. The confluence of these events has had a major impact on the direction of epidemiological, NTD research. Association studies to evaluate genes that may influence the risk of NTDs through their role in folate‐related processes, or through other metabolic or developmental pathways are now commonplace. Moreover, the study of genetic as well as non‐genetic, factors that may influence NTD risk through effects on the nutrient status of the mother or embryo has emerged as a major research focus. Research efforts over the past decade indicate that gene–gene, gene–environment, and higher‐order interactions, as well as maternal genetic effects influence NTD risk, highlighting the complexity of the factors that underlie these conditions. The challenge for the future is to design studies that address these complexities, and are adequately powered to detect the factors or combination of factors that influence the development of NTDs. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.