bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous fixation of bilateral anterior column fracture and bladder repair in a single setting
Authors: Mohan Ravindra , Singh Arpit , Kumar Sanjiv , Tewari Prakash Gaurav , Bhanu Divya , Saxena Suraj 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Patients sustaining pelvic fractures following trauma are known to be at risk for an associated bladder and/or urethral injury. In an attempt to overcome the morbidity of extensile surgical approaches, percutaneous fixation of the pelvis has been receiving increasing attention. We report the case of a 30-year-old male who presented to a tertiary care trauma center for fractured bilateral acetabulum with bilateral fracture superior and inferior pubic rami with bladder injury. In pelvic trauma patients, percutaneous techniques have been specially recommended in patients with polytrauma, severe open injuries, extensive closed degloving injuries, and in elderly with medical comorbid conditions. Percutaneous screw fixation of acetabulum fractures is a relatively new procedure, and the indication for its use is not fully defined and needs to be explored.
Osteosarcoma of the proximal femur masquerading as infective osteomyelitis
Authors: Asif Naiyer , Khan Asad , Jesan Khan Mohammad , Siddiqui Yasir Salam 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most prevalent primary malignancy of bone in pediatric and adolescent patients. Infections, benign bone tumors, and various cancers are included while considering the differential diagnosis of osteosarcoma. Particularly among these alternate diagnoses, septic arthritis, and osteomyelitis can exhibit symptoms that are strikingly similar to those of osteosarcoma. To facilitate prompt evaluation and treatment, we describe a case of proximal femoral osteosarcoma that originally had characteristics of both septic arthritis and infectious osteomyelitis. We also go through the various distinctions between these two conditions.
A case report on patient with giant cell tumor of the distal ulna
Authors: Ahmed Parwez , Adnan Mohd , Khan Azad , Tomar Vishvendra 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Giant cell tumors, however benign, are locally aggressive bone tumors with a high recurrence rate. The distal radius, distal femur, proximal tibia, and humerus are the most typically affected. A bone giant-cell tumor (GCT) in the distal ulna is extremely uncommon. Wide excision is typically advised in such cases, and a long chunk of the distal ulna may need to be removed. In such cases, the conventional treatment for GCT is distal ulna resection.
Crystal deposition disease as an unusual cause of knee pain in an adult male: Report of a rare case
Authors: Adil Mohd , Julfiqar  , Sabir Aamir Bin , Siddiqui Bushra 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Gout is a monosodium urate crystal deposit disease which generally occurs in middle aged male and post-menopausal females. It is typically characterized by episodic acute and chronic arthritis due to deposition of monosodium urate crystals in joints and connective tissue. Palpable deposits of crystals known as tophi may form particularly around joints but also elsewhere. This is a single case based prospective work-up and follow up study done at our institute of a middle-aged male having chronic right knee pain since 1 year year. Meticulous history and clinical examination, laboratory investigations were done like ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and CRP (c- reactive protein) and radiological investigation including plain radiograph and MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging) right knee was done and was suggestive of giant cell tumor of patella. Excision and curettage of the lesion was done and sample was sent for HPE (histopathological examination) which showed fibrocartilaginous tissue with features of gouty arthritis. Serum uric acid was done which came out to be raised (10.14 mg/dl). At final follow-up patient had satisfactory outcome. It is important to have in mind that tophus of patella can cause chronic knee pain in patients with gouty arthritis. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential. Patients with tophaceous gout require strict disease control and close follow-up.
Effect of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy in Cervical and Lumbosacral Spine-Related Pain: A Systematic Review
Authors: Palekar Tushar J. , Gonsalves Nigel Joel 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Spine-related pain is a very common musculoskeletal disorder seen among the general population. There are many approaches to manage spine-related pain which are being implemented by physiotherapists, worldwide. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy is a novel electrotherapeutic approach, which consists of magnetic field packed in impulse bundles which permeate all cells in the body simultaneously working at the cellular level, thus reaching all parts of the body. There is a dearth of systematic reviews conducted to prove its effect.

Methods:
The keywords search included “pulsed electromagnetic field therapy” AND (“spinal pain” OR “lumbar pain” OR cervical pain’ OR “low back ache” OR “chronic low back pain” OR “lumbago” OR “chronic neck pain” OR “chronic low back ache”) AND “randomised controlled trial.” This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO-215632. Only randomized controlled trials are included. The databases searched include PubMed, Medline, PEDro, and Google Scholar and other database resources available. All research articles till October 21, 2020, are included. Bias is avoided as two different authors are reviewing the articles independently and wherever a question of dispute arises a third author intervened.

Results:
A total of 235 articles were selected in the preliminary search. Two hundred and twenty-three articles were rejected either due to duplication or full text not available or not related to PEMF therapy and spine-related pain. Twelve articles were finally selected for the systematic review. Articles were analyzed according to a verified data extraction format. A synthesis of results was obtained by analyzing for the main outcome measure, i.e., pain and function.

Discussion:
A brief summary of strengths and limitations of research articles was noted.

Conclusion:
It concluded that PEMF therapy was effective in treating.
Identification and Analysis of fatal Road Crash Black spot Clusters in an Urban Setting in South Coastal India
Authors: Anand N. , Soman Biju , Kumar Sajin 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Deaths from road crashes form the leading cause of mortality in India. Streamlining road crash data systems are essential for building robust prevention strategies. This study explores objectivisation of fatal road crash data by spatiotemporal analysis (geographical information system [GIS] technology) in an urban setting in South India.

Aim:
To identify clusters of fatal road crash black spot clusters in an urban setting and to analyze crash-related variables in clusters.

Settings and Design:
Secondary data analysis of fatal road crashes in Puducherry.

Methods:
Fatal road crash data from 2016 to 2018 were collected from South Traffic Police records. Spatiotemporal analysis was done using GIS to map high-density locations (black spots); these were further grouped into clusters. Crash-related variables in each cluster were studied to identify profiles of crash victims, alleged offenders, and risk factors.

Results:
Raw data accessed in descriptive format were converted to analyzable objective format using a self-developed data extraction template. A total of 154 fatal road crashes occurred in Puducherry South during the study period. Total 11 black spots and 3 clusters were mapped. One particular stretch of National Highway witnessed maximum (59%) black spots. Clusters differed from each other for variables such as age (of both victims and causing persons), time of the crash, and causing vehicle type. Intercluster similarities were observed in the preponderance of males (82.3%), youth (mean age: 28.9 years), vulnerable road users (92.6%), rainy season (43.4%), and weekends (46.7%) witnessing most fatal crashes.

Conclusion:
Standardized, objective format for data capturing, and seamless mechanism for data processing are essential. The crash location is a key index variable for data systems, with the feasibility to superimpose other data layers.
Susceptibility of Contemporary Staphylococcus aureus Isolates to a Novel Antibiotic Levonadifloxacin: A Report from a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Qureshi Dhruv , Gandham N.R. , Das N.K. , Vyawahare C.R. , Bhaumik Shalini , Kannuri Sririam , Mukhida Shajid , Mirza S. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Levonadifloxacin and its oral prodrug, Alalevonadifloxacin, are novel antibiotics licensed in India for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and soft tissue infections, including diabetic foot infections and concurrent bacteremia.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to assess the activity of levonadifloxacin against contemporary Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).

Methods:
A total of 102 S. aureus isolates (non-duplicate one per patient from diverse specimens) were collected from January to December 2021. Isolates were further screened for methicillin-resistance by the disk-diffusion method using Cefoxitin (30 mcg). Susceptibilities of levonadifloxacin and other antibiotics were then determined using the disk-diffusion method performed as per the recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.

Results:
Among 102 isolates, 49 (57.8%) were MRSA. Against all isolates, the susceptibilities to gentamicin, cotrimoxazole, erythromycin, clindamycin, and ciprofloxacin were 61.8, 60, 30.4, 57.8, and 12.7%, respectively, while levonadifloxacin showed 100% susceptibility. Furthermore, the susceptibilities of linezolid and vancomycin were also 100%.

Conclusion:
Levonadifloxacin is a newer, safer, and alternative treatment option for infections caused by diverse multidrug-resistant S. aureus, including MRSA. This study, in conjunction with other previous studies, also re-established that levonadifloxacin susceptibilities can be reliably determined using the disk-diffusion method.
Profile of SnakeBite Patients in Intensive Care Unit: A Clinicoepidemiological Study from North India
Authors: Gupta Heena , Jamwal Anju , Pangotra Anshu 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Snakebite is a common public health emergency which requires immediate medical attention and intensive care. Globally, more than 11,000 deaths occur every year due to snakebite. We carried out this study to evaluate the epidemiology, clinical profile, and outcomes for patients with snakebite in the intensive care unit (ICU) of our hospital.

Materials and Methods:
It was a record-based retrospective, descriptive study carried out over a period of 3 years in which the clinicoepidemiological profile of all snakebite patients admitted in the ICU of our hospital was analyzed.

Results:
Eighty-six patients of snakebite were admitted in our ICU from April 2017 to April 2020. The mean age of the patients in our study group was 32.14 years (range: 18–64 years with male predominance (male: female - 2.44:1). The most common occupational groups were agriculture workers and laborers (77.9%, n = 67). Majority of the snakebites occurred during the night and early morning time (87.2%, n = 75) and were unprovoked. Lower limbs were the most common site of snakebite (63.95%, n = 55), followed by upper limbs (23.25%, n = 20), trunk (11.62%, n = 9), and neck (2.32%, n = 2). Out of 86 patients admitted in ICU, 84 (97%) were intubated. Neuroparalytic symptoms were predominant in most of the patients (95.35%, n = 82), whereas four patients presented with hemotoxic envenomation. Ptosis with double vision and respiratory distress were the most common clinical features of snake envenomation (100% and 95.34%). Coagulopathy in terms of prolonged bleeding time was found in 40.69% cases (n = 35) only. Mechanical ventilation was the most common intervention (97.67%, n = 84) done in the ICU. Four patients developed acute renal failure and were put on hemodialysis. Mortality was seen in two patients (2.32%) due to disseminated intravascular coagulation and intracranial hemorrhage.

Conclusions:
Neuroparalytic envenomation predominated in our study. Early medical management in the ICU can significantly reduce the mortality.
Evaluation of Pediatric Leukodystrophies using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Prospective Study from North India
Authors: Malgotra Sugandhi , Kumar Ashna , Mahajan Manik 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Leukodystrophies are rare genetically determined disorders affecting the process of myelination of the central nervous system that primarily occur in the pediatric age group. These disorders are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Detailed clinical evaluation, neuroimaging, biochemical studies, and genetic analysis have a pivotal role in their evaluation.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to assess the spectrum and distinctive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) patterns of various pediatric leukodystrophies from North India.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective observational study was carried over a period of 1 year in a tertiary care center in North India. All children with suspected leukodystrophies referred to the Department of Radiology for MRI were included in the study. The findings were recorded in detail and a probable diagnosis of the type of leukodystrophy was made. Biochemical evaluation was performed wherever possible and correlated with MRI diagnosis.

Results:
Thirty patients formed the material of the study with an age range of 2.5 months to 17 years. Developmental delay was the commonest presenting complaint (66.67%) followed by abnormal muscle tone and gait disturbances. Different subtypes of leukodystrophies were seen in our study with metachromatic leukodystrophy being the commonest one (30%). Magnetic resonance spectroscopy was found to be a promising sequence in certain leukodystrophies.

Conclusions:
Varied spectrum of pediatric leukodystrophies was observed in North India. MRI is an accurate modality in determining the presence and assessing the severity of abnormalities in patients with leukodystrophies.
Beyond Cultural Humility – South Asian Cultural Specificity Training Garners Reform in Medical Curricula: A Workshop for Medical Students of Free Community Clinics
Authors: Krishnan Guhan , Chu Jaina , Guo Joanna , Sandu Shashank , Yohay Stephanie , Zhang Jim , Mihajlovic Aida S. , Batteson Tamzin J. , Loduca Ana L. 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Cultural humility is the notion of keeping an open mind towards learning about various cultural backgrounds of patients to improve health-care quality. Although medical curricula regarding cultural competency exist, a lack of integration creates disparities in culturally-appropriate healthcare. These disparities can be attributed to a lack of medical training to illuminate nuances among patient populations of interest. Educational material on cultural perspectives of the South Asian diaspora is especially limited. This article describes the implementation of a cultural humility workshop that addresses disparities preventing healthcare providers from delivering culturally appropriate care for members of the South Asian population.

Methods:
A new educational workshop on South Asian cultural humility was virtually presented to 40 medical student volunteers at a free clinic. The workshop was presented in a large-group format, followed by interactive case-based discussions with student facilitators. Cases reinforced participants’ understanding of cultural humility. Student volunteers assessed the workshop with qualitative and quantitative pre- and post-surveys.

Results:
Paired-sample t-tests across four of five domains of cultural humility reported statistically significant results. Content and thematic analysis showed participant interest in additional training and belief that the case studies solidified their understanding of the topics presented.

Conclusions:
These results highlight the utility of cultural humility training based on common clinical situations with patients of South Asian origin. It also displays a method to improve patient-provider relationships and to provide patient-centered care. Future endeavors include integrating this workshop into student clinic onboarding programs and optimizing its curriculum placement.
A Study on Body Language in Oncology Patients: Eyes are the Mirror of the Feelings
Authors: Rakici Sema Yilmaz 
Published: December 2023

Background/Objectives:
For centuries, patients and doctors have been interacting face to face. Eye contact is paramount for communication for everyone and especially so for oncology patients. Eye contact activates the subconscious mind during this encounter. The aim of this study is to contribute to the correct reading of eye expressions, which is the most important component of body language.

Methods:
As part of the study, portrait photographs of the patients who gave consent for the study were taken during the outpatient clinic checks while taking their medical history. The photographed patients were assigned into four groups based on their diagnosis and treatment status and their eye expressions were interpreted.

Results:
Group I consisted of patients in remission and the main eye expression was pupil dilatation and eye contact avoidance. In Group II, we observed that the patients avoided eye contact (glancing sideways and away). Group III patients, who were newly diagnosed or were to receive their first radiotherapy session, were characterized by challenging gaze and looking away. The eye expressions of Group IV patients with progression included closed eyes, strong gaze, and raised eyebrows.

Conclusions:
Body language adds depth and nuance to the intended message. Today, body language is valuable to various professional groups such as intelligence organizations, lawyers, marketers, and politicians. There is no doubt that health professionals constitute one of these groups. This study aims to help health professionals improve their understanding of body language by drawing attention to the emotions conveyed by the eyes.
A Retrospective Cohort Study to Assess the Long-term Retention and Outcome among Inpatients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Addiction Psychiatry Unit in India
Authors: Sarkar Siddharth , Kathiresan Preethy , Mishra Saumya , Jangra Jaswant , Dhawan Anju , Chadda Rakesh Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Background and Aims:
Understanding the long-term outcomes of patients with substance use disorders can help to understand their course and prognosis. We aimed to find out the 10-year retention of patients who underwent short-term inpatient treatment at a tertiary care addiction psychiatry treatment facility.

Methodology:
This retrospective cohort study evaluated the medical records of patients who underwent short-term inpatient treatment in the year 2009 in an addiction treatment facility. The last year retention in treatment was ascertained at 1, 2, 5, and 10 years using case records. Attempt was made to contact the patients to assess their current status using telephonic interview.

Results:
Of the 572 patients included in the study, 40.9%, 24.7%, 10.5%, and 5.1% of the initial sample were retained at 1, 2, 5, and 10 years, respectively. Only 3.0% of the sample were retained in treatment continuously without dropping out even once. Several factors such as having a comorbid medical disorder, previous inpatient setting treatment, or routine planned discharge were associated with better retention in treatment at some time points. Of the 58 patients who could be contacted telephonically to assess the 10-year outcomes, a significant proportion (41.4%) was abstinent from all substances except tobacco. Among these patients who could be followed up (about 10% of the initial sample), the most common reason of not being in treatment was that they were abstinent from substances.

Conclusion:
Gradual attrition from treatment occurs over long-term time course among patients admitted with substance use disorders, though many re-enter treatment process.
¨Impresiones de plata: discurso e imagen en la obra del pionero de la fotografía colombiana Melitón Rodríguez¨
Authors: Mondéjar Véronique 
Published: December 2023

En la obra del pionero de la fotografía Colombiana, Melitón Rodríguez¨, se consideran dos ejes de reflexión: “Visualización o espontaneidad del momento decisivo”, y por otro lado, “Proyección o ilusión de la realidad”, basados en dos fotografías con el fin de identificar el límite existente entre la ilusión creadora del fotógrafo y el registro testimonial. La imagen fotográfica es así fundadora de criterios de construcción de identidad.
Uma base de informações para grandezas constitutivas de suspensões particuladas
Authors: Silva Antônio Santos , Santos Edilson de Jesus , Pagano Rogério Luz , De Santana Pedro Leite 
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho, usando as equações do movimento de suspensões particuladas com restrição de incompressibilidade em uma dimensão, estabelecidas pela teoria contínua de misturas sem reações químicas, trata da preparação de uma base de informações para as partes constitutivas da força de interação e de cada tensor tensão. A preparação começa com a eliminação das pressões arbitrárias e da parte arbitrária da força de interação, que aparecem nos balanços de quantidade de movimento linear, a qual permite o estabelecimento de uma equação de interseção, adequada para o estudo das grandezas constitutivas por meio de duas soluções exatas. A primeira é a solução constante. A segunda é determinada da consideração de que as velocidades e a as grandezas constitutivas são funções da porosidade, a qual fornece uma equação explícita para a velocidade do sólido como função da porosidade e uma equação implícita para a porosidade como função da posição e do tempo. Para completar a base de informações as duas soluções foram inseridas em modelagem matemática do movimento gravitacional de suspensões particuladas em proveta (sedimentação em proveta), com a primeira solução encaixada na região de sedimentação livre e a segunda na região de transição. As soluções para as duas regiões mostraram que parâmetros envolvidos nas grandezas constitutivas são obtidos da modelagem matemática juntamente com dados experimentais de altura versus tempo da interface superior descendente, consolidando a base de informações.
The First V4 Summer School in Economic History, Prague, 2023
Authors: Doležalová Antonie 
Published: December 2023

In the last week of August 2023 (27 Augustus – 2 September), the first V4 Summer School in Economic History was held in Prague. It was organized by the Institute of History of the Czech Academy of Sciences in cooperation with the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, and the University of Warsaw. The event was financially supported by the Visegrad Fund. The long-term target of the Ph.D. Summer School in Economic History was to incorporate the V4 historiographies of economic history into international networks. It intended to encourage the young generation of economic historians to enter the international scene and participate in an open academic discussion.