bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracranial pressure-flow relationships in traumatic brain injury patients expose gaps in the tenets of models and pressure-oriented management
Authors: Stroh JN , Foreman Brandon , Bennett Tellen D , Briggs Jennifer K , Park Soojin , Albers David J 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe protocols and therapeutic guidance established for treating traumatic brain injuries (TBI) in neurointensive care focus on managing cerebral blood flow (CBF) and brain tissue oxygenation based on pressure signals. The decision support process relies on assumed relationships between cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) and blood flow, pressure-flow relationships (PFRs), and shares this framework of assumptions with mathematical intracranial hemodynamic models. These foundational assumptions are difficult to verify, and their violation can impact clinical decision-making and model validity.MethodA hypothesis– and model-driven method for verifying and understanding the foundational intracranial hemodynamic PFRs is developed and applied to a novel multi-modality monitoring dataset.ResultsModel analysis of joint observations of CPP and CBF validates the standard PFR when autoregulatory processes are impaired as well as unmodelable cases dominated by autoregulation. However, it also identifies a dynamical regime-or behavior pattern-where the PFR assumptions are wrong in a precise, data-inferable way due to negative CPP-CBF coordination over long timescales. This regime is of both clinical and research interest: its dynamics are modelable under modified assumptions while its causal direction and mechanistic pathway remain unclear.ConclusionsMotivated by the understanding of mathematical physiology, the validity of the standard PFR can be assesseda)directly by analyzing pressure reactivity and mean flow indices (PRx and Mx) orb)indirectly through the relationship between CBF and other clinical observables. This approach could potentially help personalize TBI care by considering intracranial pressure and CPP in relation to other data, particularly CBF. The analysis suggests a threshold using clinical indices of autoregulation jointly generalizes independently set indicators to assess CA functionality. These results support the use of increasingly data-rich environments to develop more robust hybrid physiological-machine learning models.Author SummaryThe current understanding of pressure-flow relationships used in neurocritical decision making are incomplete, and a novel dataset begins to illuminate what is missing.
Risk Factors for Pediatric Critical COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Aparicio Camila , Willis Zachary I. , Nakamura Mari M. , Wolf Joshua , Little Cordell , Maron Gabriela M. , Sue Paul K. , Anosike Brenda I. , Miller Christine , Bio Laura L. , Singh Prachi , James Scott H. , Oliveira Carlos R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundRisk stratification is a cornerstone of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society COVID-19 treatment guidance. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to define the clinical characteristics and comorbidities associated with critical COVID-19 in children and adolescents.MethodsTwo independent reviewers screened the literature (Medline and EMBASE) for studies published through August 2023 that reported outcome data on patients aged≤21 years with COVID-19. Critical disease was defined as an invasive mechanical ventilation requirement, intensive care unit admission, or death. Random effects models were used to estimate pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), and heterogeneity was explored through subgroup analyses.ResultsAmong 10,178 articles, 136 studies met the inclusion criteria for review. Data from 70 studies, which collectively examined 172,165 children and adolescents with COVID-19, were pooled for meta-analysis. In previously healthy children, the absolute risk of critical disease from COVID-19 was 4% (95% CI, 1%–10%). Compared with no comorbidities, the pooled OR for critical disease was 3.95 (95% CI, 2.78–5.63) for presence of one comorbidity and 9.51 (95% CI, 5.62–16.06) for≥2 comorbidities. Key risk factors included cardiovascular and neurological disorders, chronic pulmonary conditions (excluding asthma), diabetes, obesity, and immunocompromise, all with statistically significant ORs >2.00.ConclusionsWhile the absolute risk for critical COVID-19 in children and adolescents without underlying health conditions is relatively low, the presence of one or more comorbidities was associated with markedly increased risk. These findings support the importance of risk stratification in tailoring pediatric COVID-19 management.SummaryThis systematic review with meta-analysis integrated data from 136 studies (172,165 patients) and identified diabetes; obesity; immunocompromise; and cardiovascular, neurological, and pulmonary disease as predictors of severe pediatric COVID-19. The presence of multiple comorbidities increases the risk of critical outcomes.
Low humidity enhances Zika virus infection and dissemination inAedes aegyptimosquitoes
Authors: Abu Angel Elma I. , Becker Margaret , Accoti Anastasia , Sylla Massamba , Dickson Laura B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs climate change alters Earth’s biomes, it is expected the transmission dynamics of mosquito-borne viruses will change. While the effects of temperature changes on mosquito-virus interactions and spread of the pathogens have been elucidated over the last decade, the effects of relative humidity changes are still relatively unknown. To overcome this knowledge gap, we exposedAe. aegyptifemales to various low humidity conditions and measured different components of vectorial capacity such as survival, blood-feeding rates, and changes in infection and dissemination of Zika virus. Survival decreased as the humidity level decreased, while infection rates increased as the humidity level decreased. Alternatively, blood feeding rates and dissemination rates peaked at the intermediate humidity level, but returned to the levels of the control at the lowest humidity treatment. These results provide empirical evidence thatAe. aegyptiexposure to low humidity can enhance Zika virus infection in the mosquito, which has important implications in predicting how climate change will impact mosquito-borne viruses.
Effects and mechanisms of board faultlines on decision quality
Authors: Zhang Yaowei , Cao Tiantian , Liu Siqi , Chen Shuqi 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe inconsistent results shown in previous group faultline research have created a need for investigating the underlying mechanisms of the faultline's effects. This study focuses on clarifying the competing mediating roles of information diversity and team conflict in the nonlinear relationship between board faultlines (BF) and decision quality.Design/methodology/approachThis study is empirically tested with the questionnaire data from 105 Chinese listed companies.FindingsThis study finds: (1) an inverted U-shaped curve relationship between BF and board decision quality and (2) that the joint mediating effect of team conflict and information diversity leads to the inverted U-shaped curve relationship between BF and decision quality. Specifically, BF shows a U-shaped curve relationship with team conflict and an inverted U-shaped curve relationship with information diversity. Either too weak or too strong faultlines will inhibit the positive effects of information diversity and amplify the negative effects of team conflicts, leading to low-quality decisions.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the research on: (1) board governance as it clarifies the effect of BF on the board decision-making process and its quality, which helps to open the black box of board decision-making and (2) group faultlines as it reveals how information diversity and team conflict can play a joint mediating role in the functioning of team faultlines.
Assessing monofloral bee pollens from Türkiye: Palynological verification, phenolic profile, and antioxidant activity
Authors: Çobanoğlu Duygu Nur 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHoney bee pollen (HBP) is a hive product produced by worker bees from floral pollen grains agglutination. It is characterized by its excellent nutritional and bioactive composition, making it a superior source of human nutrition. This study aimed to evaluate the monofloral bee pollen samples, including Cistus, Crataegus monogyna, Cyanus, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Papaver somniferum, Quercus, Salix, Sinapis, and Silybum from Türkiye according to palynological analysis, antioxidant activity, phenolic profiles, and color. The phenolic profiles were detected using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Bee pollens were categorized into monofloral, bifloral, and multifloral, underscoring the significance of confirming the botanical source of them depending on palynological analyses. Total phenolic content (TPC) of bee pollens ranged from 4.5 to 14.4 mg gallic acid/g HBP. The samples exhibited antioxidant activity for 2,2′‐azinobis‐(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS •+) ranging from 94.9 to 233.5 µmol trolox/g HBP, whereas lower values were seen for 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) ranging from 25.86 to 70.81 µmol trolox/g HBP. A yellowish‐red tint color was also displayed for whole samples, whereas only E. angustifolia bee pollen indicated a darker color (L* = 31.6). Among the phenolic compounds, luteolin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, rutin, and genistein were the most abundant, and their profiles varied across the samples. It was also observed that TPC, antioxidant activities, and polyphenol composition were higher in samples containing pollen grains of P. somniferum, Quercus, Plantago, and E. angustifolia species.Practical ApplicationThe increasing number of new findings on honey bee pollen is crucial to food science and technology. In this sense, this study offers a robust method for verifying the authenticity and quality of 11 monofloral bee pollens, which is crucial for the food industry. It also identifies potential sources of high‐quality pollen, benefiting producers, and consumers seeking superior bee pollen products.
Glioblastoma and its treatment are associated with extensive accelerated brain aging
Authors: Ainslie Anna P. , Klaver Myrthe , Voshart Daniëlle C. , Gerrits Emma , den Dunnen Wilfred F. A. , Eggen Bart J. L. , Bergink Steven , Barazzuol Lara 
Published: January 2024

AbstractProgressive neurocognitive dysfunction is the leading cause of a reduced quality of life in patients with primary brain tumors. Understanding how the human brain responds to cancer and its treatment is essential to improve the associated cognitive sequelae. In this study, we performed integrated transcriptomic and tissue analysis on postmortem normal‐appearing non‐tumor brain tissue from glioblastoma (GBM) patients that had received cancer treatments, region‐matched brain tissue from unaffected control individuals and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. We show that normal‐appearing non‐tumor brain regions of patients with GBM display hallmarks of accelerated aging, in particular mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and proteostasis deregulation. The extent and spatial pattern of this response decreased with distance from the tumor. Gene set enrichment analyses and a direct comparative analysis with an independent cohort of brain tissue samples from AD patients revealed a significant overlap in differentially expressed genes and a similar biological aging trajectory. Additionally, these responses were validated at the protein level showing the presence of increased lysosomal lipofuscin, phosphorylated microtubule‐associated protein Tau, and oxidative DNA damage in normal‐appearing brain areas of GBM patients. Overall, our data show that the brain of GBM patients undergoes accelerated aging and shared AD‐like features, providing the basis for novel or repurposed therapeutic targets for managing brain tumor‐related side effects.
L‐arginine metabolism ameliorates age‐related cognitive impairment by Amuc_1100‐mediated gut homeostasis maintaining
Authors: He Jiamin , Hou Tongyao , Wang Qiwen , Wang Qingyi , Jiang Yao , Chen Luyi , Xu Jilei , Qi Yadong , Jia Dingjiacheng , Gu Yanrou , Gao Lidan , Yu Yingcong , Wang Lan , Kang Lijun , Si Jianmin , Wang Liangjing , Chen Shujie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAging‐induced cognitive impairment is associated with a loss of metabolic homeostasis and plasticity. An emerging idea is that targeting key metabolites is sufficient to impact the function of other organisms. Therefore, more metabolism‐targeted therapeutic intervention is needed to improve cognitive impairment. We first conducted untargeted metabolomic analyses and 16S rRNA to identify the aging‐associated metabolic adaption and intestinal microbiome change. Untargeted metabolomic analyses of plasma revealed L‐arginine metabolic homeostasis was altered during the aging process. Impaired L‐arginine metabolic homeostasis was associated with low abundance of intestinal Akkermansia muciniphila (AKK) colonization in mice. Long‐term supplementation of AKK outer membranes protein‐Amuc_1100, rescued the L‐arginine level and restored cognitive impairment in aging mice. Mechanically, Amuc_1100 acted directly as a source of L‐arginine and enriched the L‐arginine‐producing bacteria. In aged brain, Amuc_1100 promoted the superoxide dismutase to alleviated oxidation stress, and increased nitric oxide, derivatives of L‐arginine, to improve synaptic plasticity. Meanwhile, L‐arginine repaired lipopolysaccharide‐induced intestinal barrier damage and promoted growth of colon organoid. Our findings indicated that aging‐related cognitive impairment was closely associated with the disorders of L‐arginine metabolism. AKK‐derived Amuc_1100, as a potential postbiotic, targeting the L‐arginine metabolism, might provide a promising therapeutic strategy to maintain the intestinal homeostasis and cognitive function in aging.
Care as tyranny: Miscellaneous observations
Authors: van der Geest Sjaak , Platenkamp Coleta 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article focuses on undesired care transgressions that violate the intimacy, autonomy, and humanity of patients, pregnant women, and older people. Undesired care that hurts patients is referred to as “violence,” “abuse,” and “dehumanization.” This can take different forms: physical, verbal, and emotional, as well as deliberate negligence. We have dubbed this type of transgressive care “tyranny.” The data for this article are derived from a wide variety of sources: research articles, personal documents sharing care experiences, ethnographic observations, novels, a celebrated movie, and a TV series. Five conceptual clarifications of the occurrence of tyrannical care are proposed in the concluding discussion.
Acta Ophthalmologica 100 years—Overview of selected articles during Acta Ophthalmologica history
Authors: Kaarniranta Kai , Pawlikowska‐Łagód Katarzyna , Jääskeläinen Juha E. , Grzybowski Andrzej E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe selected and discussed 10 articles in Acta Ophthalmologica since 1923 that changed clinical ophthalmology and treatment protocols, or provided novel findings and perspectives. We are aware that the selection of articles may be debatable and we invite readers to suggest other significant Acta articles. For historians, the article archive of Acta Ophthalmologica is located in Copenhagen.
Foreign aid and bilateral relations: The Israel−East Africa case
Authors: Salman Yaron 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInternational relations literature generally tells us that donor countries see foreign aid as a key instrument of foreign policy to promote political interests. According to research, donor countries usually hope to get favorable voting at the United Nations (UN) arena in return, meaning that the motivation for foreign aid is not so altruistic. This article examines these claims and discusses the link between foreign aid, bilateral relations, and voting patterns in the UN General Assembly while focusing on Israeli foreign aid to five East African countries, using data on Israel's foreign aid and data on voting patterns from 2012 to 2021. The results testify that Israel foreign aid has helped to promote ties with Ethiopia, Kenya, South Sudan, Uganda, and Tanzania, but has not helped to promote voting patterns in favor of Israel. The results reveal a duality according to which the bilateral relations between Israel and East African countries have improved, but there has been no improvement in their voting patterns in a way that raises questions about the success level of using foreign aid as a tool to promote a favorable UN voting.
Brain state‐dependent responses of midbrain dopaminergic neurons to footshock under urethane anaesthesia
Authors: Izowit Gabriela , Walczak Magdalena , Drwięga Gniewosz , Solecki Wojciech , Błasiak Tomasz 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFor a long time, it has been assumed that dopaminergic (DA) neurons in both the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) uniformly respond to rewarding and aversive stimuli by either increasing or decreasing their activity, respectively. This response was believed to signal information about the perceived stimuli's values. The identification of VTA&SNc DA neurons that are excited by both rewarding and aversive stimuli has led to the categorisation of VTA&SNc DA neurons into two subpopulations: one signalling the value and the other signalling the salience of the stimuli. It has been shown that the general state of the brain can modulate the electrical activity of VTA&SNc DA neurons, but it remains unknown whether this factor may also influence responses to aversive stimuli, such as a footshock (FS). To address this question, we have recorded the responses of VTA&SNc DA neurons to FSs across cortical activation and slow wave activity brain states in urethane‐anaesthetised rats. Adding to the knowledge of aversion signalling by midbrain DA neurons, we report that significant proportion of VTA&SNc DA neurons can change their responses to an aversive stimulus in a brain state‐dependent manner. The majority of these neurons decreased their activity in response to FS during cortical activation but switched to increasing it during slow wave activity. It can be hypothesised that this subpopulation of DA neurons may be involved in the ‘dual signalling’ of both the value and the salience of the stimuli, depending on the general state of the brain.
Climate and human stressors on global penguin hotspots: Current assessments for future conservation
Authors: Gimeno Míriam , Giménez Joan , Chiaradia Andre , Davis Lloyd S. , Seddon Philip J. , Ropert‐Coudert Yan , Reisinger Ryan R. , Coll Marta , Ramírez Francisco 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs charismatic and iconic species, penguins can act as “ambassadors” or flagship species to promote the conservation of marine habitats in the Southern Hemisphere. Unfortunately, there is a lack of reliable, comprehensive, and systematic analysis aimed at compiling spatially explicit assessments of the multiple impacts that the world's 18 species of penguin are facing. We provide such an assessment by combining the available penguin occurrence information from Global Biodiversity Information Facility (>800,000 occurrences) with three main stressors: climate‐driven environmental changes at sea, industrial fisheries, and human disturbances on land. Our analyses provide a quantitative assessment of how these impacts are unevenly distributed spatially within species' distribution ranges. Consequently, contrasting pressures are expected among species, and populations within species. The areas coinciding with the greatest impacts for penguins are the coast of Perú, the Patagonian Shelf, the Benguela upwelling region, and the Australian and New Zealand coasts. When weighting these potential stressors with species‐specific vulnerabilities, Humboldt (Spheniscus humboldti), African (Spheniscus demersus), and Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarcticus) emerge as the species under the most pressure. Our approach explicitly differentiates between climate and human stressors, since the more achievable management of local anthropogenic stressors (e.g., fisheries and land‐based threats) may provide a suitable means for facilitating cumulative impacts on penguins, especially where they may remain resilient to global processes such as climate change. Moreover, our study highlights some poorly represented species such as the Northern Rockhopper (Eudyptes moseleyi), Snares (Eudyptes robustus), and Erect‐crested penguin (Eudyptes sclateri) that need internationally coordinated efforts for data acquisition and data sharing to understand their spatial distribution properly.
Spatially heterogeneous shifts in vegetation phenology induced by climate change threaten the integrity of the avian migration network
Authors: Wei Jie , Xu Fei , Cole Ella F. , Sheldon Ben C. , de Boer Willem F. , Wielstra Ben , Fu Haohuan , Gong Peng , Si Yali 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhenological responses to climate change frequently vary among trophic levels, which can result in increasing asynchrony between the peak energy requirements of consumers and the availability of resources. Migratory birds use multiple habitats with seasonal food resources along migration flyways. Spatially heterogeneous climate change could cause the phenology of food availability along the migration flyway to become desynchronized. Such heterogeneous shifts in food phenology could pose a challenge to migratory birds by reducing their opportunity for food availability along the migration path and consequently influencing their survival and reproduction. We develop a novel graph‐based approach to quantify this problem and deploy it to evaluate the condition of the heterogeneous shifts in vegetation phenology for 16 migratory herbivorous waterfowl species in Asia. We show that climate change‐induced heterogeneous shifts in vegetation phenology could cause a 12% loss of migration network integrity on average across all study species. Species that winter at relatively lower latitudes are subjected to a higher loss of integrity in their migration network. These findings highlight the susceptibility of migratory species to climate change. Our proposed methodological framework could be applied to migratory species in general to yield an accurate assessment of the exposure under climate change and help to identify actions for biodiversity conservation in the face of climate‐related risks.
Greenwashing: Appearance, illusion and the future of ‘green’ capitalism
Authors: Williams Joe 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGreenwashing is a well‐understood concept, describing the use of false or misleading claims and symbolism to give an impression of a company or organisation's commitment to environmental protection and sustainability. While many environmental groups use the concept widely to criticise the ‘optics’ strategies of organisations wanting to improve their image while maintaining a business‐as‐usual approach, it has largely been ignored in Geography and related disciplines. This paper argues that we need to take greenwashing seriously. It develops a broad concept of greenwashing, suggesting that the processes of obscuring social and ecological relations via greenwashing are central to the (dis)functioning of contemporary capitalism. A critical theory of greenwashing, therefore, is not simply about challenging ‘bad actors’, but is an essential part of a wider critique of ‘green’ capitalism and Sustainable Development.