bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depression and anxiety in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: A 6-waves longitudinal study in the Argentine population.
Authors: López-Morales Hernán , Gelpi-Trudo Rosario , García Matías Jonás , del-Valle Macarena Verónica , Yerro Matías , Poó Fernando Martín , Bruna Ornella , Canet-Juric Lorena , Urquijo Sebastián 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The pandemic has caused stress due to isolation, loss of loved ones, work and learning changes, financial instability, fear of infection, and uncertainty. It has negatively impacted mental health, particularly increasing anxiety, and depression symptoms. This study analyzed anxiety and depression symptoms over the first 25 months of the COVID-19 pandemic, considering age group, socioeconomic status, and gender. A longitudinal study with 6 repeated measures was conducted, involving 988 adult participants from Argentina. Adapted versions of the BDI-II and STAI were administered through online questionnaires at 2, 14, 50, 130, 390, and 750 days since the start of the lockdown. The results showed a sustained increase in anxiety and depression symptoms up to 390 days, followed by a decrease in anxiety below initial levels at 750 days. Depressive symptoms significantly decreased after 750 days but remained higher than initial levels. Women consistently scored higher than men, lower socioeconomic status individuals reported more symptoms, and younger individuals had higher anxiety and depression, which decreased with age. Surprisingly, older individuals displayed better mental health indicators compared to the rest of the population.
Safety of Using a Large Femoral Head on Thin Polyethylene for Total Hip Arthroplasty Based on Different Types of Polyethylene
Authors: Do Min Uk , Moon Nam Hoon , Suh Kuen Tak , Kim Jung Shin , Lee Sang-Min , Shin Won Chul 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The use of a large femoral head in total hip arthroplasty (THA) to stabilize and reduce the incidence of dislocation is on the increase, but concerns arise when combining them with small acetabular components due to potential mechanical failures in thin polyethylene (PE) liners. A single-institution, retrospective cohort study was conducted on 116 patients with minimum 2-year follow-up who received 36-mm femoral heads and acetabular components ≤52 mm, using either remelted highly cross-linked polyethylene (remelted HXLPE) or vitamin E-infused HXLPE (VEPE). Osteolysis and implant loosening were not observed in either group. Although fractures of the PE liner were observed in two cases (1.7%), the clinical outcomes were excellent, as the mean modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) at the last follow-up was 93.5. Moreover, the mean linear wear rates in both groups were low, with 0.035 mm/y in remelted HXLPE and 0.030 mm/y in VEPE. In conclusion, The use of a large femoral head on a thin PE liner can be a good treatment option in patients who need to prioritize stability; however, careful attention should be paid to mechanical fractures of the PE liner.
Comprehensive characterisation of the IBA myQA SRS Detector for SRS and SBRT patient specific quality assurance
Authors: Junis Izabela , Yousif Yousif , Stensmyr Rachel , Barber Jeffrey 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The IBA myQA SRS device is a new to market 2D CMOS detector array with an active area 140x120 mm2 and 0.4 mm resolution, making it a potential real-time dosimetry alternative to film verification for stereotactic plan verifications. Characterisation of the device was performed to assess performance. The devices dosimetric properties were measured for 6X and 6FFF beams from a Varian TrueBeam STx with HD-MLC. Clinical suitability of the device for PSQA was verified using ten SRS/SBRT plans, compared against other detectors, as well as MLC tests including picket fence and chair. Gamma analysis was performed using myQA software with criteria of 4%/1mm. The device demonstrated compliance with recommended specifications for basic tests. After the required warm-up period, the maximum deviation in detector signal from initial readings was 0.2%. Short-term and long-term reproducibility was 0.1%(6X) and 1%(6FFF), respectively. Dose linearity was within 0.3%(6X) and 0.7%(6FFF) and dose-rate dependence within 1.70%(6X), and 2.93%(6FFF) compared to ionization chamber measurements. Angular dependence was quantified for coplanar and non-coplanar situations. Output factors and beam profiles showed agreements within 1% with the CC04 and CC13 chambers for field sizes 1x1 to 10x10cm2. The minimum gamma (4%/1mm) pass rates for MLC-pattern tests were 96% and 98% for the myQA SRS device and film, respectively. The average gamma (4%/1mm) pass rates for SBRT and SRS plans were 98.8% and 99.8% respectively. This work represents one of the first studies performed on the commissioning and performance characterisation of this novel device, demonstrating its accuracy and reliability, making it highly useful as a film alternative in stereotactic treatment plan verification.
Bardeen black hole in magnetically charged four-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Authors: Zhang Shu-Jun , Feng Yu-Hang , Zhang He-Xu , Deng Jian-Bo , Hu Xian-Ru 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the shadow radius and quasinormal modes of a four-dimensional magnetically charged Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Bardeen black hole and point out a simple connection between them in the eikonal limit. By studying a massless scalar field perturbation in this spacetime background and using the sixth-order Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (WKB) approximation, we get the quasinormal modes(QNMs) and perform a detailed analysis. It shows that the quasinormal modes are depend on the Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant α and the magnetic charge g. When the value of g increases, the values of the real parts of the QNMs increase and those of the imaginary parts decrease. There is a similar effect on α. We also give a formula of the QNMs and shadow radius in the eikonal limit and check it numerically for the real and imaginary part of it, respectively.
Barriers to advancing the sexual and reproductive health agenda in Latin America: a qualitative study of key informants’ perspectives
Authors: Alonso Juan Pedro , Cejas Cintia , Berrueta Mabel , Vazquez Paula , Perrotta Gabriela , Formia Sandra , Pirsch Sofía , Ballivian Jamile , Zavala Denise , López Analía , Belizán María 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background:
The effective attainment of sexual, reproductive, and maternal health and rights (SRMHR) requires a holistic life-course approach. This approach should address disparities in healthcare access and rights, guarantee the delivery of high-quality care devoid of discrimination, and underscore rigorous accountability mechanisms throughout the implementation process. Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries face significant disparities in SRMHR within and between nations. Vulnerable populations, such as indigenous communities, Afro-descendants, LGBTQI+ population, persons with disabilities, older adults, and migrants, often endure discrimination and stigmatization, severely impacting their access to healthcare and health rights. This paper discusses the findings of a qualitative component of a broader scoping study aimed at developing a priority research agenda to address the health gaps that affect SRHR of vulnerable populations.
This study aimed to identify critical challenges hindering progress in SRMHR and access to health services for vulnerable populations in LAC.
Methods:
Qualitative research approach employing semi-structured interviews with key informants. A purposive sample comprised of stakeholders from relevant regional organizations and local stakeholders in selected countries (Argentina, Colombia, Peru, Mexico, Guatemala, Jamaica, and Guyana), encompassing government representatives, civil organizations, and academia. A rapid content thematic analysis was conducted to analyze the data obtained from the interviews.
Results:
We interviewed 27 key informants in SRMHR, six at a regional level and 21 at a country level. The region faces barriers around establishing and sustaining agency agendas, such as a lack of political will, political instability, and opposition from civil society groups regarding SRMHR agendas. Policy implementation presents difficulties due to insufficient and unstable funding, weaknesses in sexual and reproductive health programs, unequal policy implementation in federal countries, and the absence of evidence-based policies. The lack of high-quality data and quality indicators poses obstacles, leading to limitations in evidence generation. Access to SRMHR services faces barriers such as the low-quality provision of services, discrepancies between legislation and effective access, insufficient healthcare resources, and resistance from certain healthcare providers.
Conclusion:
Addressing these multifaceted challenges will be crucial in advancing the agenda of sexual, reproductive, and maternal health rights and ensuring effective access to health services for the most vulnerable populations in the LAC region.
Characterization of a new dwarf watercress (Nasturtium officinale R Br.) ‘Boldrewood’ in commercial trials reveals a consistent increase in chemopreventive properties in a longer-grown crop
Authors: Nikol Voutsina , Hancock Robert D. , Becerra-Sanchez Felipe , Qian Yufei , Taylor Gail 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

We describe ‘Boldrewood’, a new accession of watercress (Nasturtium officinale R. Br.) that was initially found to be of short stature with high antioxidant capacity (Payne, Clarkson, Rothwell, & Taylor, 2015). This was of particular commercial interest because it offered the potential to develop a novel watercress product with fork-friendly size and improved health-benefits. In two commercial trials comparing Boldrewood to a control, we confirmed that Boldrewood exhibits a dwarf phenotype with a significantly shorter stem and consistently produced more leaves per stem area alongside comparable crop biomass. The antioxidant and chemopreventive capacity of Boldrewood were comparable to the commercial crop. For the first time, we observed a novel increase in glucosinolate concentrations and cytotoxicity to cancer cells, characterised as decreased IC50 (half-maximal concentration of an inhibitor), associated with increased crop age at harvest. This suggests that a slower-growing and longer to harvest crop provides a significant improvement in health benefits gained in this leafy crop which is already known to be highly nutrient dense and with considerable chemopreventive ability.
Deep Learning with Dual Attention and RevINF for Time Series Prediction
Authors: Zhang Ruixue , Hao Yongtao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Time series forecasting has long been a topic of widespread interest. With the advancement in computational power, the methods for time series prediction have gradually shifted from traditional machine learning approaches to deep learning methods, particularly with the widespread adoption of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) in time series problems. LSTM effectively capture dependencies between data points over time, yet they may not focus adequately on critical time points. To address this issue, we propose a dual attention mechanism that introduces attention mechanisms to better emphasize crucial nodes, thereby optimizing model performance. Furthermore, time series data are influenced by numerous factors, especially non-natural ones, which pose a significant challenge in time series forecasting. To tackle this problem, we introduce RevINF, a method that extracts non-stationary factors from time series data, predicts stationary data, and finally restores the non-stationarity of the data. This approach retains data information while enhancing the robustness of predictions, even in the presence of non-natural influences.
Evolution repeats itself in replicate long-term studies in the wild
Authors: Gompert Zachariah , Nosil Patrik , de Carvalho Clarissa , Villoutreix Romain , Zamorano Laura , Sinclair-Waters Marion , Planidin Nick , Parchman Thomas , Feder Jeffrey 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The extent to which evolution is repeatable is central to understanding the role of determinism and chance in the history of life, with implications for basic and applied science 1–5. Real-time studies of evolutionary dynamics in replicated laboratory populations have revealed repeatable evolution by natural selection, but also a role for chance mutation 6–11. In contrast to the laboratory, replicated, long-term studies of real-time evolution in the wild are rare. Such studies are required to help establish general principles of evolution and to compliment those based on the fossil record5, but are challenging to implement because time cannot simply be sped up with more effort. Here we demonstrate repeatable evolutionary changes in the frequency of cryptic color-pattern morphs of a stick-insect, using three decades of field data and 10 replicate studies that each study span at least a decade. We find predictable ‘up-and-down’ fluctuations in stripe frequency in all populations and demonstrate experimentally that these involve negative frequency-dependent selection (NFDS). Adding complexity, these fluctuations rely on demographic and selective variability that pushes populations away from equilibrium, such that they reliably move back towards it via NFDS. Finally, we show with genomic analyses that contingency in which mutations arise also affects crypsis at larger temporal and phylogenetic scales. Thus, evolution from existing variation is repeatable, but mutation adds complexity even for traits evolving deterministically under natural selection. The findings highlight how evolution can be better understood by the joint effects of selection and mutation than by either process in isolation.
Implications of climate-related disasters on refugees’ health: A case study of resettled Syrian and Iraqi refugees in San Diego, California
Authors: Albahsahli Behnan , Dimitrova Anna , Kadri Nadine , Benmarhnia Tarik , Rousan Tala Al 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background:Climate change disproportionately harms people of color and low-income communities. Despite their unprecedented numbers, being constantly on the move, and suffering extreme social vulnerability, almost nothing is known about the impact of climate change on the health of refugees. This study uses state-of-the-art mixed methods to examine the differential susceptibility of climate-sensitive exposures and environmental exposures among refugees and their links to perceived health after resettlement.
Methods:Arabic-speaking refugees (N=67) from Iraq and Syria previously diagnosed with hypertension who resettled in California were recruited from a community center. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore participant’s understanding of the impact of climate on health. Survey data were collected to inquire regarding participant’s refugee journeys prior to resettlement in the US. Survey data on climate-related disasters was retrospectively geo-referenced through the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT). Qualitative data was analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.
Results: All participants stayed in at least one temporary resettlement country during their migration journey and 12% has stayed in refugee camps. The most popular resettlement sites were Turkey (most disaster-prone in the region due to frequent floods and earthquakes) and Jordan (one of the most extreme water-scarce globally). Participants reported harsh weather conditions during their migratory journeys including extreme cold in Turkey and extreme heat in Jordan. Many participants noted their exposure to dust throughout their travels, and an inability to deal with harsh weather conditions due to financial insecurity. Participants did not link their diagnosis of hypertension to their experience of extreme weather and would only link it to their exposure to stress from war. Participants did note poorer mental health due to poor weather conditions and a challenge adjusting to the climate conditions in different countries. Few participants reported residing in a refugee camp and described it as ill-equipped for the challenges of climate hazards.
Conclusion: This study reveals the links between structural drivers of climate change and health inequities for refugee populations. Refugees are highly vulnerable to climate-sensitive exposures but remain not fully aware of the potential links between these exposures and health. Learnings from this study will inform clinical and public health interventions, and policies to close the climate gap without leaving this vulnerable population behind.
Towards the inclusion of equity principles in corporate climate aligned transitions.
Authors: Rao M. S. Rohan , Rekker Saphira , Humphrey Jacquelyn , Greig Chris 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC) in mitigating climate change is a key component of the Paris Agreement. Whilst some progress has been made on integrating the CBDR-RC principle into allocating the global carbon budget between nations, very little attention has been given at the corporate level. Many current corporate climate-target setting methodologies rely extensively on grandfathering principles (e.g., Sectoral Decarbonisation Approach (SDA)), thereby favouring high emitting incumbents. In this study, we explore the allocation of carbon budgets derived from the SDA approach with allocations based on different principles of equity. We illustrate our method using companies in the cement sector, which is a hard to abate sector and crucial for sustainable development in emerging countries. Our comparative exercise clearly shows a stark contrast between which companies bear the mitigation burden when employing the SDA methodology versus considering principles of equity. The findings make a compelling case for the thoughtful inclusion of equity in the net zero governance of the private sector, for a global just transition is to be realised.
Detection of Botnet and DDoS using Network traffic analysis and Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Yallamanda Rajesh Babu , Gunnam Rama devi , Prasanna  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The tremendous growth of the Internet brought many cyber-attacks and cybercrimes. This led to continuous development of new types of cyber-attacks, attacking tools and attacking techniques which allowed the attackers or adversaries to penetrate or get into more compounded or well-managed environments. Botnet is a real threat as it is a group of compromised or hacked Internet-connected devices. Each of those compromised devices or systems are injected with malware and they are controlled from a remote and random location without the prior hint or knowledge of the device’s rightful owner and can be used to perform DDOS attack. The model proposed here detects or predicts both botnet and DDoS attack with the highest or maximum accuracy. Highest accuracy is obtained with the selected feature and with a chosen classification algorithm. Naïve Bayes and SVM classification algorithms are used for achieving high levels of accuracy. The model detects mixed high-rate, low-rate DDOS attacks and Botnet through Network Traffic Analysis and Machine Learning.
On the convergence and the irrationality of certain continued fractions
Authors: Yoshida Hayato 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We study continued fractions $[a_{1}, a_{2}, \cdots]$, where $a_{i}$ are positive rational numbers (denoted by $a_{i} \in \mathbb{Q}>0$) for any positive integer $i$. In this paper, we give the necessary and sufficient conditions for the convergence of that, and give some sufficient conditions for that to converge to an irrational number.
To Determine The Association Of Serum Neopterin Levels In Sepsis
Authors: Hakeem Sai chandra 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background: Sepsis is a leading cause of death worldwide. Sepsis results in state of multiorgan dysfunction in the body. Early identification and appropriate treatment is the key in sepsis management. Many biomarkers have been studied in sepsis. Serum Neopterin is a biomarker, synthesised by human macrophages upon stimulation with the cytokine interferon-gamma(INF-γ) and is indicative of a pro-inflammatory immune status. Since neopterin is an indirect measure of T cell activation, it could be a useful tool in evaluation of clinical course in septic patients.
Methods
It is a case control study conducted in Amrita Institute of Medical sciences.Patients were categorised into 3 groups: Sepsis with MODS (Group 1, n=22), Sepsis Non MODS(Group 2 , n=17), and Non sepsis (Group 3, n=16). Serum Neopterin levels and along other markers like CRP, Procalcitonin, ESR and Total counts were taken from the 3 groups of patients at 0, 48 and 96 hours.
RESULTS
Data was analysed using SPSS statistics. The median Neopterin Levels performed at 48 hours were compared between Sepsis Group and Non-Sepsis patients. The median Neopterin levels in sepsis group was 87.00 (40.00,129.00) and in non-sepsis groups was 22.00(12.00, 39.00) and p value obtained was <0.001, hence neopterin is significant marker in diagnosing sepsis. The median levels were then compared between group 1 and group 2. The median values in sepsis with MODS was 123.00(79.25, 146.00) and in sepsis without MODS was 54.00(34.00, 88.50) and the p value obtained was 0.001. Hence Neopterin is significant marker in diagnosing patients with MODS in patients with sepsis.
Serum Neopterin had sensitivity of 92.31%, specificity of 100% and accuracy of 94.55 % in predicting sepsis. In predicting MODS, its sensitivity was 92.31%, specificity was 100% and accuracy was 94.55%. It also showed good correlation with SOFA, qSOFA and APACHE scores.
Conclusion
Serum Neopterin is a marker which can help in diagnosing sepsis and can also be a useful marker in differentiating patients with MODS from patients without MODS. Neopterin has showed that it is better marker in identifying MODS in patients with sepsis than Procalcitonin, ESR and total counts. The levels of Neopterin also correlated with the severity of sepsis and showed a good relation with SOFA, APACHE and Qsofa scores. The dynamic measurements of neopterin are predictive of the clinical status of the patient. Hence Serum Neopterin is a good marker to diagnose sepsis and also a good marker to prognosticate sepsis.