bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approximate Analytical Solution for Turbulent Flow in Channel
Authors: Fedoseyev Alex 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this work, the approximate analytical solutions of the Generalized Hydrodynamic Equations (GHE) for turbulent flow in channel is presented. The general solution is a superposition of the laminar (parabolic) and turbulent (superexponential) solutions. The analytical solution compares well with the experimental data by Van Doorne (2007) and Nikuradse (1933).
It is proposed to explain the nature of turbulence as oscillations between the laminar (parabolic) and turbulent (superexponential) solutions. The suggestion is confirmed by comparing the results for turbulent velocity fluctuations of the analytical formula with the experiment by Van Doorne (2007). The Navier-Stokes equations do not have the superexponential solution.
The obtained analytical solution provides a complete structure of the turbulent boundary layer that compares well with the experiments by Wei and Willmarth (1989).
An application of some machine learning methods for biological data modeling
Authors: Sapundzhi Fatima , Lazarova Meglena , Dzimbova Tatyana , Georgiev Slavi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The development of fast and reliable methods for predicting the biological activity of the substances in computational biology is of a great importance. This improves the development of some new compounds while keeping costs low. Among many scientists, an attractive target for docking experiments is the Delta-opioid receptor (DOR) and delta-opioid ligands (DOL). Their biological efficacy can be measured by various techniques, which could facilitate the establishment of the relationship between the structure of the compounds and their biological effect. The relationship between the results of the computer experiments and the biological activity of these compounds is modelled by using machine learning regressors. The primary goal of this study is to determine the most appropriate neural network for modelling the relationship between in vitro and in silico results for DOR and delta-opioid ligands.
Moving iso-contour method for solving partial differential equations
Authors: Pohjonen Aarne 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The numerical solution of partial differential equations is often performed on a numerical grid, where the grid points are used for estimating the partial derivatives. The grid can be fully static as in Eulerian type of solution method, or the grid points can move during the solution, which is the case in Lagrangian type of method. In the current article, a numerical solution method is presented, where the grid points are located on iso-contours of the two-dimensional field. The method calculates the local movement of the iso-contours according to an evolution equation described by the PDE, and the solution proceeds by moving the grid points towards the calculated direction. Additional stability is obtained by setting the grid points to move along the iso-contour line. To exemplify the application of the method, numerical examples are calculated for the two-dimensional diffusion equation.
DFT techniques for resolution of significant practical materials problems
Authors: Alarco J A , Mackinnon I D R 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Significant examples are presented on the capacity to predict properties of practical materials and to understand fundamental properties by informed use of Density Functional Theory (DFT) computational techniques. An example in the field of battery materials, involves understanding surface phenomena via a combination of multiple experimental techniques and DFT calculations of electronic band structures (EBS). This approach delivered significantly improved cycle life of battery cathode materials. Another example is from the field of superconductivity. In this case, analysis of results from advanced experimental techniques, interpreted with the assistance of DFT calculations, reveals that crystal symmetries of superconductors are different to the general space group symmetry routinely used. The insight on fundamental properties gained from precise DFT calculations is unparalleled and accelerates research progress. The importance of calibration that enables accurate and realistic DFT approaches to modelling, combined with regular experimental validation, cannot be overstated.
Acoustic monitoring humidity effects on the formation of water bridges at sharp contacts
Authors: Supichayanggoon Kacharat , Brockman Theodore , La Rosa Andres H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Shear-force Acoustic Near-field Microscopy (SANM) and Whispering Gallery Acoustic Sensing (WGAS) are used to evaluate the role of humidity on the formation and rupture of water meniscus bridges that form between a laterally oscillating tapered probe and a flat substrate. SANM monitors the near-field acoustic wave emitted by the meniscus, while WGAS monitors acoustically the probe’s amplitude of oscillation, as a function of the probe-sample distance. In the instances reported here, the SANM/WGAS measurements are performed in frequency modulation modality, which allows to discriminate the elastic and inelastic components of the probe-fluid-substrate interaction. The response signal traces, acquired when the probe first approaches and then retracts from the sample at 56% relative humidity (or below), revealed absence of hysteresis; this result persists when performing the same experiment a few days later. However, as the humidity increases (different trials from 56% to 67% are included) a notorious hysteresis is observed between the approach and retraction traces. The results indicate that, as the probe approaches the substrate, a higher humidity promotes an increase of stochastic instabilities in the probe-fluid-substrate interactions (reflected in higher damping effects on the probe, and instabilities in the probe-sample distance feedback control). However, the elastic response of the water meniscus prevails over damping effect, as revealed by the greater acoustic emission despite a decrease in the probe’s amplitude. These measurements are relevant to investigations on the dynamic behavior of fluids near hydrophobic/philic substrates, and wetting properties of solids and nanotribology phenomena in general.
Geant4 simulation study of low-Z material detection using muon tomography
Authors: Georgadze Anzori Sh. , Kudryavtsev Vitaly A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Traditional X-ray scanning systems for cargo use ionising radiation which can be harmful
to operators and the environment and requires shielding. Fully passive muon tomography is a
promising alternative or a complementary approach to X-ray scanners. Muon tomography is a
non-invasive technique that uses naturally occurring cosmic-ray muons and their scattering in
various materials to create images of cargo in trucks or containers without applying ionising
radiation. Muons are high-energy particles that are produced when primary cosmic rays collide with
the Earth's atmosphere. These muons can penetrate through thick materials, such as concrete or
metal, and are therefore useful for detecting hidden objects, including contraband. Muon
tomography is expected to be used for detection of a wide range of materials, including metals,
plastics, and organic materials like drugs or cigarettes, as well as weapons and explosives. In
this work we have used the GEANT4 toolkit to simulate the performance of muon tomography in
identifying the contraband hidden inside the legal cargo. We have used the Point of Closest
Approach (PoCA) reconstruction algorithm to reconstruct the three-dimensional image of a loaded
truck.
A high throughput Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to enhance the security of data transmission among research centers
Authors: Grossi M. , Alfonsi F. , Prandini M. , Gabrielli A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Data breaches and cyberattacks represent a severe problem in higher education institutions
and universities that can result in illegal access to sensitive information and data loss. To
enhance the security of data transmission, Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS, i.e., firewalls) and
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS, i.e., packet sniffers) are used to detect potential threats in
the exchanged data. IPSs and IDSs are usually designed as software programs running on a server
machine. However, when the speed of exchanged data is too high, this solution can become
unreliable. In this case, IPSs and IDSs designed on a real hardware platform, such as ASICs and
FPGAs, represent a more reliable solution. This paper presents a packet sniffer that was designed
using a commercial FPGA development board. The system can support a data throughput of 10 Gbit/s
with preliminary results showing that the speed of data transmission can be reliably extended to
100 Gbit/s. The designed system is highly configurable by the user and can enhance the data
protection of information transmitted using the Ethernet protocol. It is particularly suited for
the security of universities and research centers, where point-to-point network connections are
dominant and large amount of sensitive data are shared among different hosts.
Antibacterial Activities of Heterotrigona itama Honey Farmed in Ex-Mining Area
Authors: Ardy A T K O , Arung E T , Yuliansyah  
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Honey is considered to be a valuable non-timber forest product due to its numerous preventative and therapeutic properties. The nutritional content in honey is the most complete so it can boost the immune system. This study aims to determine the potential inhibition of Heterotrigona itama stingless bee honey against the activity of Staphylococcus sp bacteria and Propionibacterium sp bacteria. This research adopted the agar diffusion method to conduct antibacterial testing. The nutrient agar media was aseptically put into a sterile petri dish and thereafter left to air-dry. Following this, the bacterial suspension was reconstituted and subsequently inoculated onto the solidified agar surface by creating perforations. The experiment involved conducting antibacterial tests using many concentrations of the samples. The experimental setup included a positive control using chloramphenicol and a negative control using distilled water. The test results showed that the activity of the inhibition of Heterotrigona itama kelulut honey against Staphylococcus sp bacteria and Propionibacterium sp bacteria belonged to the strong antibacterial category. The antibacterial activity of honey exhibits an enhanced potency against both types of bacteria in direct proportion to the content of the honey sample.
Antimicrobial, antioxidant and phytochemical activities of three orangutan plant foods in Wehea-Kelay Landscape, East Kalimantan
Authors: Ibrahim  , Rosamah E , Hendra M , Sudiono E , Rifqi M A , Kusuma I W 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) is an umbrella species with a high population in the Wehea-Kelay Landscape. In this landscape, at least 227 forage plant species have been identified as potential medicine plants including Eusideroxylon zwageri, Nephelium lappaceum, and Tristaniopsis whiteana. The aim of this study was to determine the yield value of extracts produced from three different plant samples, qualitatively and quantitatively trace the phytochemical content, as well as test the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. In this study, Qualitative phytochemical assays were conducted by observing the presence of colour changes. Quantitative analysis of phytochemicals was conducted using the colorimetric test method. The assessment of antioxidant activity involves the utilisation of the DPPH radical decolorization test method. An antimicrobial test was performed at a concentration of 62,5–500 µg/well with chloramphenicol and miconazole as positive controls. The qualitative phytochemical examination revealed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, triterpenoid, carbohydrate, carotenoid, and coumarin components in three samples. The quantitative phytochemical analysis revealed that the plant samples possessed a total phenolic content ranging from 2,397 to 4,163 µg GAE/mg extract. The plant samples were analysed and found to have a total flavonoid content ranging from 4,493 to 5,557 µg CE/mg extract. The plant samples demonstrated potent antioxidant activity, effectively inhibiting free radicals. The IC50 values ranged from strong to extremely strong. Antimicrobial testing on medicinal plant extracts provides weak to strong inhibition.
Restoring ex mining area using Pongamia pinnata in Central Kalimantan: a reclamation program alternative base on bioenergy species
Authors: Maimunah S , Erdhani S , Suwito SB , Rawana  , Lestari NS , Leksono B , Himlal B 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Malapari (Pongamia pinnata (L) Pierre) is an endemic species of Leguminosae from southeast Asia, Australia and Afrika. Malapari is one species alternative of Reclamation Program in PT Asmin Bara Bronang. The aims of this study are to know the growth and adaptation rate of Malapari in extrime area after charcoal mining and to introduce the malapari for a alternative species for reclamation program with bioenergy potential species. The research method used is the census method in areas planted with malapari at PT ABB which was observed from 2020 with parameters including malapari growth; survival rate; analysis of soil fertility; biodiversity and carbon estimate. The results showed that malapari growth on post-mining land was very rapid where within 4 years it increased in height by an average of 184,92cm with a diameter growth of 10.76 cm and a survival rate of 87,78%, above ground biomass 584,04kg (274,5kg carbon) with very good leaf growth in fresh dark green The condition of early soil fertility becomes increased after planting. The great hope in this program is that malapari can be an alternative species for post-coal mining forest restoration from local superior species of use that has the potential to be a bioenergy source.
Early Growth of Seven Local Tree Species In The Reclamation Area of PT Bara Tabang
Authors: Adman Burhanuddin , Iriyanto Yustinus , Yassir Ishak , Wahyudin  , Laban Banjar Y. , Trisnardono Rudiro , Adityawan Yustinus 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Revegetation of post-mining land with local species has been carried out by coal mining companies in East Kalimantan. However, the information about plant species that can adapt to post-mining land environments is still limited. Therefore, PT Bara Tabang, as a coal mining company, has established a demonstration plot for planting local species in post-coal mining areas. The purpose is to add information on local species that can adapt to the post-mining environment. There were 7 species planted, that is Vitex pinnata, Syzygium polyanthum, Schima wallichii, Shorea balangeran, Melaleuca cajuputi, Syzygium sp., and Hopea mengarawan. 100 plants were planted for each species with the addition of 1 kg of compost for each plant. Observations for six months showed that the survival rate of local species was still above 90%, except for H. mengerawan that only 13%. The species of plants that showed the best growth in height and diameter at 6 months of age were M. leucadendron with 8.08 cm and 0.16 cm respectively. Sc. wallichii showed the lowest growth in height and diameter of 1.60 cm and 0.05 cm respectively at 6 months of age.
Effect of cow urine concentration and NPK fertilizer doses on the growth of oil palm seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq)
Authors: Jamidi  , Zuliati S , Wirda Z 
Published: December 2023

AbstractApplication of anorganic fertilizers can be reduced by using organic fertilizers such as cow biourine. This study aimed to see the combination of cow biourine and anorganic fertilizers (NPK fertilizer) on the growth of oil palm seedlings. Research was conducted at East Reuleut Village, Muara Batu District, and Agriculture Laboratory of Malikussaleh University on April to June 2021 using factorial Randomized Block Design. Concentration of cow biourine consisting 4 levels : control (U0), 50 cc/L (U1), 75 cc/L (U2), and 100 cc/L (U3). Doses of NPK fertilizer consisting 3 levels, control (N0), 2 g/polybag (N1), and 3 g/polybag (N2), each treatment replicated 3 times. Results showed the interaction between application of cow biourine concentration and NPK fertilizer doses increase plant height on 9 WAP, and number of leave on 11 WAP of oil palm seedlings. Single-dose cow biourine increases plant height growth, stem diameter, chlorophyll content, fresh weight and dry weight of oil palm seedlings. NPK fertilizer separately increases plant height growth, leaf chlorophyll of oil palm seedlings. Interaction between 100 cc/liter of cow biourine concentration + 2 grams/polybag of NPK fertilizer dose was the best combination.
Breaking Barriers: Engaging Women Farmers in Implementing Participatory Guarantee Systems for Sustainable Crop Production
Authors: Ningrum Vanda , Subroto Athor 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Participatory Guarantee Systems (PGS) are community-based certification schemes guaranteeing sustainable and high-quality crop production. These systems can be particularly beneficial for smallholder farmers, including women who need more resources to obtain expensive third-party certifications such as organic or fair-trade. However, research on the implementation of PGS for women smallholder farmers is scarce. This study examines the implementation of Participatory Guarantee Systems in small-scale agriculture conducted by women farmers. The study was conducted using qualitative methods, which included interviews with 16 participants. The women farmer communities in Claket Village, Mojokerto Regency, Indonesia, were used as a case study. The study found that implementing PGS requires the assistance of NGOs to identify stakeholders such as farming communities, consumers, and other interested parties in promoting organic farming. Secondly, the community establishes a set of guidelines and procedures for crop production to facilitate the certification process. Thirdly, regular inspections and evaluations are necessary to ensure the crops meet the established criteria. The critical hurdle to implementing PGS in Indonesia is the limited capacity of small-scale farmers, especially women, to document their activities for certification. Thus, intensive training and capacity building are needed to enhance their production techniques and documentation abilities to meet the established criteria. Finally, implementing PGS is a collective action that is crucial in building trust among stakeholders and ensuring that the certification process is credible and transparent.
Natural Control of Sugarcane Top Borer Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker (Crambidae: Lepidoptera) by Its Egg Parasitoids
Authors: Nurindah  , Sujak  , Yulianti T , Sunarto DA , Hidayah N , Wijayanti KS , Endarto O , Wuryantini S 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The sugarcane shoot borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis) is an herbivorous insect that primarily infests sugarcane plants, leading to the development of dead heart symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of egg parasitoids in mitigating the occurrence of dead heart caused by S. excerptalis infestation. The research was conducted in Asembagus and Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The samples collection of shoot borer eggs were done twice in Asembagus, and three times in Malang. The collected eggs were examined to determine the percentage of parasitism, and the emerged parasitoids were identified. The infestation level of shoot borers was evaluated by counting the dead heart symptoms within 5 m2 observation units, comprising 18 and 15 units in Asembagus and Karangploso, respectively. Three species of parasitoids, namely Telenomus sp., Trichogramma chilonis, and Tetrastichus sp., were found to parasitize S. excerptalis eggs. The average parasitism levels by Telenomus sp., T. chilonis, and Tetrastichus sp. were 74% (ranged: 50-100%), 0.6% (ranged: 0-4.4%), and 14.3% (ranged: 0-100%), respectively. Telenomus sp. was the predominant egg parasitoid observed in all observations at both sites. There was an inverse relationship between the mortality of shoot borer eggs by parasitoids and the occurrence of dead heart symptoms. Higher levels of parasitism were associated with reduced dead shoot symptoms. The natural control of S. excerptalis through the complex of egg parasitoids holds a promise for effective management of sugarcane shoot borers and promoting sustainable agriculture.
Diversity of Fruit Flies on Three Varieties of Mango in Kuningan Regency, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Susanto A , Efendi M A , Rasiska S , Hidayat S , Suganda T , Subakti-Putri S N 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Fruit flies (Bactrocera spp.) are the major pests on mangoes that constrain the efforts to increase the production and quality of mangoes, causing yield losses of up to 100%. Kuningan Regency is one of the largest mango-producing areas in West Java. However, there is no study about the species of fruit fly in the mango plantation at Kuningan Regency, West Java. This study aimed to fruit fly inventory on Gedong Gincu, Arumanis, and Cengkir mangoes. The research used a survey method and was analyzed using descriptive analysis. Purposive sampling was used to determine mango samples by randomly selecting fruits that were attacked by fruit flies from mango fields owned by farmers, wholesalers, and markets in Sukadana Village, Ciawigebang District, Kuningan Regency, West Java. The samples were taken to the Plant Pest Laboratory at Universitas Padjadjaran for incubation till the appearance of imago. The findings showed that the Bactrocera dorsalis complex consisted of B. dorsalis, B. carambolae, and interspecific crosses. The fruit fly diversity index was considerably low (0.21<H‘<0.53). B. dorsalis was determined to be the predominant species in all mango variety and locations, with a value of 95.12%.
Insect Diversity of Some Hybrid Rice Genotypes in Sleman-Yogyakarta Irrigated Agroecosystem
Authors: Pustika Arlyna Budi , Widyayanti Setyorini , Kobarsih Mahargono , Apri Rumanti Indrastuti , Widyastuti Yuni , Pramono Wibowo Bayu , Yolanda Kiki 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Diversity of insect at the rice field gives a main impact to the stability of ecosystem. Index of diversity reflects the relationship of species abundance in the community. This research was aimed to determine the diversity of insect at some hybrid rice varieties in irrigated rice agroecosystem. Research was conducted in Sleman, Yogyakarta Indonesia from April to August 2018. The experiment was conducted using purposive random sampling. Insect samples were obtained using swing net and visual observation. Diversity index was analysed using Shanon (H), while diversity and uniformity of insect was examined using Evennes index (E). Result showed pest insects found during vegetative stage of rice consist of more species, while lower numbers were found at generative stage with less species. They were belongs to 6 orders (more than 10 families) such as Diptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Orthoptera, Hemiptera and Hymenoptera. The dominant pest was Cicadellidae, followed by Delphacidae and Alydidae. Based on the diversity data analysis (H), pest insects and natural enemies were between moderate and high, with a range between 1.5 to 2.5. It indicates the rice field ecosystem planted with hybrid rice gave good impact and balance species diversity in the agroecosystem of irrigated rice area in Sleman Yogyakarta.