bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer-associated thoracic aorta arterial thrombosis: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Borregón Miguel , Valero María , Ferrández Asia , Muñoz Álvaro , Roque Carmen , Benítez-Fuentes Javier-David 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundArterial thrombosis is an uncommon complication in cancer patients, often overshadowed by venous thromboembolic events. Its occurrence in patients with solid tumors on active antineoplastic treatment poses a significant clinical challenge.Key clinical questionGiven the lack of consensus on the optimal therapy for arterial thrombosis in cancer patients, the best practices for managing an aortic thrombus, and the benefit of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) must be reviewed.Clinical approachWe present the case of a 70-year-old female with stage IVA lung adenocarcinoma who developed an aortic thrombus during chemo-immunotherapy. The thrombus was successfully treated with LMWH, avoiding further complications, and allowing for the continuation of her cancer therapy.ConclusionsThis case highlights the importance of early detection and management of arterial thrombus in cancer patients. LMWH proved effective in resolving the thrombus, underscoring its role in managing such complications.
Therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of Fufang Danshen dripping pills for stable coronary heart disease: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Meng Li-qin , Huang Pei-ying , Li Qing-min , Feng Yu-chao , Li Ding-jian , Wu Guang-long , Ao Bo-wen , Wu Guo-chao , Zhang Guo-xiong , Chen Bo-jun 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe efficacy and mechanism of Fufang Danshen dripping pills (FFDS) in the secondary prevention of stable coronary heart disease (SCHD) is currently undetermined. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and preliminary mechanism by which FFDS may impact the progression of SCHD.MethodsBased on randomization, we administered oral FFDS to 30 patients with SCHD in addition to conventional treatment for 30 days. After treatment, three-months major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were assessed as the primary outcome. Additionally, we evaluated the patients' Seattle Angina Questionnaire score, blood pressure, circulating levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, platelets, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, serum creatinine, and fasting blood glucose as the secondary outcomes. Furthermore, we utilized mass spectrometry analysis, network pharmacology, and lipidomics to predict the potential mechanisms of FFDS in the treatment of SCHD.ResultsFollowing treatment, FFDS demonstrated significant improvements in serum triglyceride levels (P = 0.013) and a reduction in the frequency of angina episodes (P = 0.021). We conducted mass spectrometry analysis on FFDS and identified 236 chemical components. Lipidomics further confirmed triglycerides as key lipids affected by FFDS. By integrating these findings with network pharmacology targets, we highlighted the potential roles of LPL, CD36, FABPpm, L-FABP, LCAT, and CEPT in fat digestion, absorption, and metabolism pathways, suggesting their involvement in FFDS's treatment of SCHD by reducing triglycerides.ConclusionIn individuals with SCHD, the administration of FFDS has been shown to effectively reduce circulating triglyceride levels and decrease the frequency of angina episodes. This therapeutic effect is likely due to the active components of FFDS targeting key proteins: LPL, CD36, FABPpm, L-FABP, LCAT, and CEPT.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://www.chictr.org.cn/, identifier (ChiCTR2400080149).
Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis, associated anomalies and pregnancy outcomes of fetal right aortic arch
Authors: Xie Yuting , Weng Zongjie , Wang Ronghua , Wu Qiumei , Ling Wen , Chen Jinwen , Guo Shan 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThe aim was to summarise the prenatal ultrasound characteristics, associated anomalies and pregnancy outcomes of fetal right aortic arch (RAA) and to discuss the value of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis and prognostic analysis.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed 157 cases of fetal RAA diagnosed via prenatal ultrasound in our hospital from October 2017 to October 2022. RAA features were characterised by comparing prenatal ultrasound data with anatomical casting results after pregnancy termination or postnatal imaging and surgical intervention to analyse the prognosis and misdiagnoses of fetal RAA.ResultsOf the 157 fetal RAA cases, 50 (31.8%) cases were isolated RAA and 107 (68.2%) cases were nonisolated RAA. In terms of typing, 78 cases (49.7%) of right aortic arch-aberrant left subclavian artery (RAA-ALSA) and 75 cases (47.8%) of right aortic arch-mirror branch (RAA-MB), 3 cases (1.9%) of right aortic arch-isolated left subclavian artery (RAA-ILSA) and 1 case (0.6%) of right aortic arch-isolated left innominate artery (RAA-ILINA) were identified, and the incidence of combined cardiac anomalies and chromosomal anomalies was significantly greater in the RAA-MB group than the RAA-ALSA group. The live birth rate was significantly lower in the nonisolated RAA group than the isolated RAA group, and the prognosis of RAA-MB was significantly worse than that of RAA-ALSA. Among the 76 surviving patients, 72 (94.7%) cases were correctly diagnosed via prenatal ultrasound, and 4 (5.3%) cases had missed diagnoses and misdiagnoses. Of the 81 terminated pregnancies, 19 cases received pathological anatomy or vascular casting, including 18 cases with results consistent with the prenatal ultrasound and 1 case with inconsistent results.ConclusionsPrenatal echocardiography is useful for diagnosing fetal RAA. It is also necessary to classify RAA types as accurately as possible and detect the presence of potential cardiac and extracardiac anomalies and genetic abnormalities, which facilitates prenatal counselling and prognostic assessment of fetuses with RAA.
Relationship between the cognitive load and the learning success in applying force diagrams: eye-tracking study
Authors: Omarbakiyeva Yultuz , Hahn Larissa , Klein Pascal , Krumphals Ingrid , Watzka Bianca 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThis paper is concerned with investigating the cognitive demands of solving force diagram tasks in different scenarios, specifically in the wind context.MethodsIn this study, students were trained using worked examples and then completed tasks in two different scenarios while their eye movements were monitored with eye-tracking technology. After completing the tasks, cognitive load was assessed to evaluate the impact of task complexity on cognitive processing. Eye-tracking metrics were analyzed in detail to identify gaze strategies, differences and similarities.ResultsIt was found that a three-force scenario (surface wind formation) induced a higher intrinsic cognitive load than a two-force scenario, which is not only theoretically justified by cognitive load theory, but also confirmed by eye-tracking metrics. Although correlation analyses show no significant relationship between the ability to mentally rotate and learning success, the role of mental rotation in problem solving is highlighted by eye-tracking data.DiscussionOur results contribute to a better understanding of the learning and problem-solving mechanisms involved in wind direction determination and offer possible implications for the design of more effective teaching and learning methods in this area.
Test fairness of the in-house College English examination for Chinese non-English major undergraduates: a case study
Authors: Li Kangxi , Kong Mengting , Li Liye , Lu Jingwen 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe in-house College English examination is a high-stakes assessment for College English, a compulsory course for most non-English major undergraduates in China. However, the fairness of such examinations has not received due attention.MethodsThis paper employs Kunnan’s Test Fairness Framework to investigate common issues of test fairness related to the in-house College English examination, using a university in East China as an example. The data analyzed include the College English examination results of 5,680 non-English major undergraduates from 2018 to 2020.ResultThe research finds various fairness problems in terms of validity, absence of bias, access, administration, and social consequences. These issues can be attributed to underlying factors such as lack of language assessment literacy, time, and funding on the part of examiners or administrators.DiscussionHence, this research proposes a holistic approach to improve test fairness, involving all stakeholders and all procedures in the in-house College English examination. Collaborating with external experts on language tests and lowering the stakes of in-house examinations are suggested as effective measures to mitigate test unfairness issues.
Study on the synergistic effect of NOx and CO2 emission reduction in the industrial sector of Guangzhou
Authors: Qin Xingcun , Xie Pengcheng , Liao Cuiping 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionAs a major source of pollutant and CO2 emissions, the industrial sector faces the dual challenge of pollution control and carbon reduction. Accurately identifying the synergy between pollutant and carbon emissions in different regions’ industrial sectors is crucial for developing regional policies for coordinated pollution reduction and carbon abatement.MethodsThis study takes Guangzhou as a case study to quantitatively assess the synergistic effect of NOx and CO2 emissions reduction in its industrial sector. First, the LMDI decomposition method was applied to analyze the factors influencing the change in NOx emissions in Guangzhou’s industrial sector. Next, the CFGLS model was used to quantify the synergistic effect between NOx and CO2 emissions. Finally, a robustness check was conducted on the results.Results and discussionThe findings indicate that the synergistic effect in carbon reduction is the most significant driver of NOx reduction in Guangzhou’s industrial sector, with a 10,000-ton reduction in CO2 emissions leading to a 0.4-ton decrease in NOx emissions. The interaction effect analysis shows that increasing the use of natural gas and reducing energy intensity do not amplify this synergy. The results could provide valuable insights for coordinated pollution reduction and carbon abatement policies designing in Guangzhou’s industrial sector.
Molecular assessment of splicing variants in a cohort of patients with inborn errors of immunity: methodological approach and interpretation remarks
Authors: Miguel Berenguel Laura , Gianelli Carla , Matas Pérez Elisabet , del Rosal Teresa , Méndez Echevarría Ana , Robles Marhuenda Ángel , Feito Rodríguez Marta , Caballero Molina Maria Teresa , Magallares García Lorena , Sánchez Garrido Brenda , Hita Díaz Samantha , Allende Martínez Luis , Nozal Aranda Pilar , Cámara Hijón Carmen , López Granados Eduardo , Rodríguez Pena Rebeca , Bravo García-Morato María 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundSplicing is the molecular mechanism to produce mature messenger RNA (mRNA) before its translation into protein. It is estimated that 50% of disease-causing mutations disrupt splicing, mostly of them affecting canonical positions. However, variants occurring in coding regions or deep-intronic variants can also affect splicing. In these cases, interpretation of the results may be challenging and molecular validation is required.MethodsThe study includes 23 patients with splicing variants out of a cohort of 187 patients diagnosed with inborn errors of immunity (IEI). Clinical features and immunophenotypes are shown. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the molecular assay employed for pathogenicity validation.ResultsWe detected 23 patients of 20 pedigrees with splicing variants in IEI genes, which constitutes the 12.3% of our cohort. In total, 21 splicing variants were analyzed, 10 of which had previously been reported in the literature and 11 novel ones. Among the 23 patients, 16 showed variants at canonical splice sites. Molecular validation was required only in the cases of genes of uncertain significance (GUS), high homology pseudogenes or incompatible clinical phenotype. Seven patients showed variants outside canonical positions. All of them needed molecular validation, with the exception of two patients, whose variants had previously been well characterized in the medical literature.ConclusionThis study shows the proportion of splicing variants in a cohort of IEI patients, providing their clinical phenotypic characteristics and the methodology used to validate the splicing defects. Based on the results, an algorithm is proposed to clarify when a splicing variant should be validated by complementary methodology and when, by contrast, it can be directly considered disease causing.
Radiomics-based biomarker for PD-1 status and prognosis analysis in patients with HCC
Authors: Hapaer Gulizaina , Che Feng , Xu Qing , Li Qian , Liang Ailin , Wang Zhou , Ziluo Jituome , Zhang Xin , Wei Yi , Yuan Yuan , Song Bin 
Published: January 2025

PurposeTo investigate the impact of preoperative contrast-enhanced CT-based radiomics model on PD-1 prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.MethodsThe study included 105 HCC patients (training cohort: 72; validation cohort: 33) who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced CT and received systemic sorafenib treatment after surgery. Radiomics score was built for each patient and was integrated with independent clinic radiologic predictors into the radiomics model using multivariable logistic regression analysis.ResultsSeventeen radiomics features were finally selected to construct the radiomics score. In multivariate analysis, serum creatine and peritumoral enhancement were significant independent factors for PD-1 prediction. The radiomics model integrated radiomics signature with serum creatine and peritumoral enhancement showed good discriminative performance (AUC of 0.897 and 0.794 in the training and validation cohort). Overall survival (OS) was significantly different between the radiomics-predicted PD-1-positive and PD-1-negative groups (OS: 29.66 months, CI:16.03-44.40 vs. 31.04 months, CI: 17.10-44.07, P&lt;0.001). Radiomics-predicted PD-1 was an independent predictor of OS of patients treated with sorafenib after surgery. (Hazard ratio [HR]: 1.61 [1.23-2.1], P&lt;0.001).ConclusionThe proposed model based on radiomic signature helps to evaluate PD-1 status of HCC patients and may be used for evaluating patients most likely to benefit from sorafenib as a potentially combination therapy regimen with immune checkpoint therapies.
Donor-derived cell-free DNA for detection of acute rejection in lung transplant recipients
Authors: Yavuz Gökce , Walter Julia , Hirv Kaimo , Wachter Oliver , Dick Andrea , Kovacs Julia , Zimmermann Julia , Glueck Olaf M. , Vorstandlechner Maximilian , Samm Nicole , Fertmann Jan M. , Sienel Wulf , Michel Sebastian , Irlbeck Michael , Kneidinger Nikolaus , Hatz Rudolf , Behr Jürgen , Schneider Christian , Kauke Teresa 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionAcute rejection is a significant risk factor for developing chronic lung allograft dysfunction. Current monitoring tools, transbronchial biopsies and HLA antibody determination, have limitations in detecting acute rejection. This study aims to explore the potential utility of donor-derived cell-free DNA (ddcfDNA) as a non-invasive biomarker for detecting acute rejection in lung transplant recipients (LTR).MethodsWe developed a molecular method based on digital droplet PCR to determine the total amount and the proportion of ddcfDNA. Using blood samples collected sequentially post-transplant from a cohort of 81 LTR, we compared median levels of %ddcfDNA in patients with acute cellular rejection (ACR), antibody-mediated rejection (AMR), infection, or decline in pulmonary function (FEV1).ResultsMedian %ddcfDNA levels were significantly higher in groups with ACR (1.92% [0.70%, 2.30%], p=0.0006), AMR (1.27% [0.34%, 2.29%], p=0.0009), isolated lymphocytic bronchiolitis (0.54% [0.23%, 2.18%], p=0.03), and infection or prolonged ventilation over 30 days (0.50% [0.22%, 2.35%], p=0.005) versus stable allograft function group (0.26% [0.09%, 0.60%]). %ddcfDNA levels were also elevated in patients with FEV1 loss compared to those with stable or improving FEV1 after 12 months (1.98% vs. 1.36%, p=0.04). An optimal cut-off of 0.73% for %ddcfDNA was calculated to detect ACR and AMR with 80% specificity and 68% sensitivity.Discussion%ddcfDNA is a promising biomarker for identifying allograft injury due to acute rejection in LTR and could be a valuable tool for monitoring allograft health.
Mapping the landscape and research trend of imaging diagnosis in lymphoma: a bibliometric analysis from 1976 to 2024
Authors: Ma Yi 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundOver the past five decades, extensive research has been conducted on lymphoma imaging diagnostics; however, no bibliometric analysis has been performed in this area. Therefore, we undertook a bibliometric analysis to clarify the progress and current state of research in this field.MethodsWe conducted a search of the Web of Science Core Collection database for articles related to imaging diagnosis and lymphoma, focusing exclusively on English-language publications up to June 20, 2024. We analyzed and visualized various aspects, including publication trends, journals, co-authorship networks, countries, institutions, and keywords. To examine research trends in this field, we utilized bibliometric analysis tools such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R4.3.3.ResultsFrom 1976 to 2024, a total of 10,410 publications were produced on this topic, with 2021 marking the peak in publication numbers. The most significant contributions in this research area were found in the fields of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &amp; Medical Imaging, Oncology, and Hematology. The United States, China, and Japan were the leading contributors. Zucca Emanuele ranked first among authors, followed closely by Meignan Michel. In terms of institutions, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris was the most prominent. The most frequently used keywords included positron emission tomography, computed tomography, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.ConclusionThis study presented a bibliometric analysis of lymphoma imaging diagnosis, highlight showcasing research trends, influential significant studies, and collaborative networks. The analysis identified key contributions to the field and provide insights for future research directions.
Dual-stream disentangled model for microvascular extraction in five datasets from multiple OCTA instruments
Authors: Hu Xiaoyang , Hao Jinkui , Yi Quanyong , Zhao Yitian , Zhang Jiong 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionOptical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) is a cutting-edge imaging technique that captures retinal capillaries at micrometer resolution using optical instrument. Accurate segmentation of retinal vasculature is essential for eye related diseases measurement and diagnosis. However, noise and artifacts from different imaging instruments can interfere with segmentation, and most existing deep learning models struggle with segmenting small vessels and capturing low-dimensional structural information. These challenges typically results in less precise segmentation performance.MethodsTherefore, we propose a novel and robust Dual-stream Disentangled Network (D2Net) for retinal OCTA microvascular segmentation. Specifically, the D2Net includes a dual-stream encoder that separately learns image artifacts and latent vascular features. By introducing vascular structure as a prior constraint and constructing auxiliary information, the network achieves disentangled representation learning, effectively minimizing the interference of noise and artifacts. The introduced vascular structure prior includes low-dimensional neighborhood energy from the Distance Correlation Energy (DCE) module, which helps to better perceive the structural information of continuous vessels.Results and discussionTo precisely evaluate our method on small vessels, we delicately establish OCTA microvascular labels by performing comprehensive and detailed annotations on the FOCA dataset, which includes data collected from different instruments, and evaluated the proposed D2Net effectively mitigates the challenges of microvasculature region recognition caused by noise and artifacts. The method achieves more refined segmentation performance. In addition, we validated the performance of D2Net on four OCTA datasets (OCTA-500, ROSE-O, ROSE-Z, and ROSE-H) acquired using different instruments, demonstrating its robustness and generalization capabilities in retinal vessel segmentation compared to other state-of-the-art methods.
Age and diet affect self-resilience of intestinal microbiome in mice
Authors: Shao Chenyi , Chen Shenmin , Yang Huan , Li Mufan , Liu Yinhui , Wen Shu , Xiao Jing , Tang Li 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundGut microbiota contributes to human health. Little is known about the self-resilience of the gut microbiota after dysbiosis. This study aimed to investigate the self-resilience of the gut microbiome at different ages and the effects of diet on its recovery capacity in adulthood.MethodsA rodent model of antibiotic-induced dysbiosis was used. Microscopy was used to observe morphological changes in the mucosa. In addition, 16S rRNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis were performed to identify the bacterial taxa and microbiome structure, respectively.ResultsThe diversity of the gut microbiota in infant mice was recovered by the sixth week, while relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG_014 was low and did not return to normal levels. Gut microbiota in young adult mice recovered in the fourth week. Prevotellaceae and Alloprevotella were significantly higher in the high-fat-diet group than those in the control group. The elderly mice had three, two, four, and seven statistically different genera between the dysbiosis and control groups at weeks 6, 8, 10, and 12, respectively. Intestinal epithelial structure and cecum index are restored with microbiota repaired.DiscussionThe gut microbiota in infant and adult mice is more capable of self- resilience, the composition of the microbiota and mucosal morphology of the intestine can be largely restored. Adding protein and fat to the diet accelerated colony recovery in young adult mice in the short term. In elderly mice, the resilience of the gut microbiota was reduced, and the occurrence of dysbiosis at this stage may accelerate organismal aging and affect the lifespan. A limitation of this study is that all data were derived from mice. Therefore, we must be cautious about translating the microbiome results from mice to humans.