bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oscillation in a SnO2 Semiconductor Gas Sensor Exposed to Benzyl Alcohol
Authors: Nakata Satoshi , Okunishi Hirokazu , Nakashima Yusuke , Mori Toshiaki 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
The oscillatory phenomenon in a SnO2 semiconductor gas sensor exposed to benzyl alcohol vapor is reported. The rhythmic oscillation of sensor conductance maintained for 2 h, and the amplitude and frequency changed depending on the sensor temperature and the concentration of benzyl alcohol vapor. The existence of two different stationary conductance levels depending on the sensor temperature plays an important role in this oscillation.
Ruthenium Catalyzed Deuterium Labelling of α-Carbon in Primary Alcohol and Primary/Secondary Amine in D2O
Authors: Takahashi Masaaki , Oshima Koichiro , Matsubara Seijiro 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
Primary alcohols and primary/secondary amines are labelled with D atom at α-position regioselectively by means of deuterium oxide and ruthenium catalyst.
A Simple and Convenient Manganese Dioxide Oxidation of Benzyl Halides to Aromatic Aldehydes under Neutral Condition
Authors: Goswami Shyamaprosad , Jana Subrata , Dey Swapan , Adak Avijit Kumar 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
A simple, convenient and inexpensive benzylic oxidation reaction of arylmethylhalides under neutral conditions by manganese dioxide to the corresponding aldehydes has been described.
Photoinduced Transformation of Silicone-modified TiO2
Authors: Nakabayashi Akira , Kondo Junko N , Hara Michikazu , Domen Kazunari 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
Silicone-modified titanium dioxide (TiO2) was prepared by solid–liquid reaction between TiO2 powder and H-siloxane. The surface energy of the synthesized powder was found to increase upon irradiation, an effect that was determined through electron spin resonance and 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance studies to be due to photocatalytic oxidation of the silicone present on the TiO2.
Au/Rh Nanoparticles Synthesized under High Temperatures and High Pressures
Authors: Ueji Masaki , Harada Masafumi , Kimura Yoshifumi 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
Small size gold (Au) and rhodium (Rh) nanoparticles have been produced by flowing the solution containing Au(III) and Rh(III) ions with poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) through a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor. Au, mostly monometallic, particles (7.5 nm) are produced together with the smaller Rh nanoparticles (2.5 nm) within a few seconds, of which the structure and sizes are identified by the transmission electron micrograph (TEM) images and the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS).
Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Glucose at Carbon Electrodes Modified with Gold and Gold–Platinum Alloy Nanoparticles in an Alkaline Solution
Authors: Tominaga Masato , Shimazoe Toshihiro , Nagashima Makoto , Taniguchi Isao 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
The electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose in an alkaline solution was examined using gold and gold–platinum alloy nanoparticles as catalysts. In electrolysis, the catalytic activity for oxidation of glucose could be kept much longer time at gold nanoparticle-modified electrode than at a gold plate electrode. Preliminary electrolysis results at 0.3 V indicated that current efficiency for oxalate as 18-electron oxidation product at gold nanoparticle-modified electrode was approximately twice higher than that at gold–platinum alloy nanoparticle-modified electrode.
Efficient Incorporation of Metal Oxides into Neutral Surfactants-templated Mesoporous Silicas
Authors: Chao Man Chien , Lin Hong Ping , Cheng Bo Wen , Cheng Chi Feng 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
We provided a two-step synthetic method for convenient and efficient incorporation of metal oxides into the mesoporous silicas templated with neutral surfactants at room temperature.
A Novel Seeding Growth Route to Synthesize Uniform Pt Clusters within Mesoporous Silica by Non-aqueous Electroless Deposition
Authors: Li Hua , Shi Jian-lin , Li Liang , Gu Jin-lou , Zhang Ling-xia , Chen Hang-rong , Shi Wei 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
Uniform Pt nanoclusters with diameters around 6–7 nm have been synthesized within mesochannels of SBA-15 by non-aqueous electroless deposition. The result shows that non-aqueous electroless deposition combined with in situ reduction is an efficient method for preparing well-confined noble metal nanoclusters without post heat-treatment.
Single-crystalline CuO Nanosheets Synthesized from a Layered Precursor
Authors: Liang Zhen-Hua , Zhu Ying-Jie 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
Single-crystalline CuO nanosheets with the monoclinic structure have been successfully prepared from a layered precursor (copper(II) acetate hydroxide) in aq NaOH solution by microwave heating or hydrothermal method at 100–200 °C. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED).
One-pot Synthesis of β-Lactams from Aldimines and Ketene Silyl Acetals by Tandem Lewis Base-catalyzed Mannich-type Addition and Cyclization
Authors: Takahashi Eiki , Fujisawa Hidehiko , Yanai Toshiharu , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
An efficient method for one-pot synthesis of β-lactams from aldimines and ketene silyl acetals by tandem Lewis base-catalyzed Mannich-type addition and cyclization, namely reaction of benzylideneanilines and trimethylsilyl enolates derived from esters or thioesters was established by using a Lewis base catalyst such as lithium acetate, N-lithio-2-pyrrolidone, potassium salt of phthalimide or lithium methoxide in DMF at room temperature to afford the corresponding β-lactams in good to high yields with moderate trans-selectivities.
Adsorption of Di-n-butyl Phthalate by Chitosan Beads Modified with Water-soluble Calixarenes
Authors: Yanagi Akihiro , Otsuka Hideyuki , Takahara Atsushi 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
The binding ability of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) by p-sulfonatocalix[n]arenes {SCAn (n = 4, 6, 8)} and adsorption ability of DBP by chitosan beads modified with SCAn were investigated. SCA6 and SCA8 could include DBP in their hydrophobic cavities in aqueous phase. The amount of DBP adsorbed by chitosan beads modified with SCA6 was approximately 5 times as large as that for unmodified chitosan beads.
MCM-41 Supported Water-soluble TPPTS–Rh Complex in Ionic Liquids: A New Robust Catalyst for Olefin Hydroformylation
Authors: Yang Yong , Lin Haiqiang , Deng Changxi , She Jiarong , Yuan Youzhu 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
MCM-41 mesoporous silicas-supported water-soluble TPPTS–Rh complex in the ionic liquid TMGL exhibited high performance and stability for the hydroformylation of 1-hexene, and the catalyst system could be reused many times without reducing the activity and selectivity.
Sonochemical Syntheses and Catalytic Properties of Oxide and Carbide Nanocomposites on Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Park Hyelim , Kim Min-Hye , Hwang Young Kyu , Chang Jong-San , Kwon Young-Uk 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
Sonochemical decomposition of molybdenum and tungsten carbonyls in the presence of carbon nanotubes followed by heat treatments under various conditions produced nanocomposites of oxides and carbides on carbon nanotube supports; the synthesis of tungsten carbide nanoparticles is unprecedented.
Growth of Fluorocarbon Macromolecules in a Gas Phase (I). Mass Spectrometric Investigation of Products in the Downstream Region of Ar/CF4 Plasmas
Authors: Furuya Kenji , Yukita Shinobu , Okumura Hiroshi , Harata Akira 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
The growth of gaseous neutral species and positive ions was investigated in the downstream region of Ar/CF4 plasmas by mass spectrometry. As a result, there were several series of CnF2n+1+ (n = 1–7), CnF2n−1+ (n = 3–8) and CnF2n−3+ (n = 4–9) for the positive ions and CnF2n+2 (n = 2–7) and CnF2n (n = 4–8) for the neutral species. The intensity dependence of the positive ions on the partial pressure of CF4 was quite different from that of the neutral species, demonstrating that their growth mechanisms are independent of each other.
A Simple Method for Covalent Immobilization of Proteins on Porous Silicon Surfaces
Authors: Xia Bing , Li Jun , Xiao Shou-Jun , Guo Dong-Jie , Wang Jing , Pan Yi , You Xiao-Zeng 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
Biomolecules can be covalently grafted onto the hydride-terminated porous silicon surface through a simple three-step method: amino-silanization, attachment of succinimidyl ester, and finally immobilization of a fluoresein-labeled IgG. And each surface is characterized with transmission infrared Fourier-transform and photoluminescence spectroscopy.
Preparation of Nano-films by in situ Polymerization of Hydrogen-bonded Macroclusters of N-isopropylacrylamide on Silica Surfaces
Authors: Zhong Guolun , Mizukami Masashi , Fukuchi Isao , Miyahara Takashi , Kurihara Kazue 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
The in situ photopolymerization hydrogen-bonded molecular macroclusters of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) formed on silica surfaces in chloroform was performed for generating polymeric nano-films. The ATR–FTIR spectra showed that the structure of NIPAAm underwent a transformation from trans- to cis-stereoisomer during polymerization. Changes in the contact angle at temperatures below and above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) were observed at 35° and 62°, respectively.
Effect of a Small Amount of Zirconia Additive on the Activity and Stability of Iron Oxide during Repeated Redox Cycles
Authors: Urasaki Kohei , Sekine Yasushi , Tanimoto Naoshi , Tamura Eri , Kikuchi Eiichi , Matsukata Masahiko 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
Addition of an exceedingly small amount of zirconia onto iron oxide enhanced the activity for hydrogen production by the oxidation of partially reduced iron oxide. Sintering of iron oxide was also suppressed.
Encapsulation of Ferritin within a Hollow Cylinder of Glycolipid Nanotubes
Authors: Yui Hiroharu , Shimizu Yoshiki , Kamiya Shoko , Yamashita Ichiro , Masuda Mitsutoshi , Ito Kohzo , Shimizu Toshimi 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
The iron storage protein, ferritin, was encapsulated into a one-dimensional hollow cylinder of a glycolipid nanotube (LNT), which was obtained by the self-assembly of synthetic glycolipid molecules in water under ambient conditions. This report gives the first example of protein encapsulation into a synthetic LNT.
Applying a Spray-jet Method for Measuring Naphthalene Derivatives by Nanosecond Laser MPI TOF-MS
Authors: Shinohara Hidenori , Yamada Toshiki , Ge Maofa , Kimura Katsumi , Mashiko Shinro 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
A molecular-beam apparatus with a spray-jet method was applied for the laser TOF-MS study of naphthalene derivatives, 2-naphthoic acid (2NA), and 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN). The results obtained by this method are compared with those obtained by the traditional sample-heating inlet method. The spray-jet method strongly improved the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), compared to the traditional method. In addition, the intermolecular clusters due to hydrogen-bond formation were observed in case of the DHN system.
An Efficient PMo11VVO404−/Silica Material Having Cationic Ammonium Moiety: Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Performance for Oxidation of Alcohols with Dioxygen
Authors: Kato Chika N , Tanabe Akiko , Negishi Satoshi , Goto Kazuhiro , Nomiya Kenji 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
A novel method for grafting transition metal-substituted polyoxometalates (TMSP) onto a modified silica surface was found. Keggin-type vanadium(V)-substituted polyoxomolybdate, [PMo11VVO40]4− (PMoV), was electostatically anchored to a modified silica surface having cationic ammonium moiety. The PMoV-grafted silica material exhibited activities that were higher than those of homogeneous PMoV reactions for oxidation of various alcohols with 1-atm dioxygen in the presence of isobutyraldehyde (IBA).
Adsorption and Movement of Cypermethrin on Indian Soils Amended with Cationic, Non-Ionic and Anionic Surfactants
Authors: Singh R.P. , Singh Ritu 
Published: January 2005

Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the adsorption and movement of cypermethrin on surfactant-free (natural) and surfactant-amended soils at different micelle concentrations (below the CMC, at the CMC and above the CMC) using batch equilibrium and soil TLC techniques. The measured equilibrium adsorption isotherms for both surfactant-free and surfactant-amended soils were of type C and in close agreement with the Freundlich isotherm. Higher adsorption of cypermethrin in both types of system was observed on silt loam soil than on sandy loam soil as anticipated by the values obtained for the Freundlich constant, KF, and the partition coefficient, KD. The values of KF and KD confirmed that cypermethrin adsorption on surfactant-amended soils followed the order cationic > non-ionic > anionic under all CMC conditions studied. The KF and KD values also confirmed that cypermethrin adsorption was higher on soils amended with surfactants maintained below the CMC, while lower values of KF and KD confirmed the lower adsorption of cypermethrin on soils amended with both non-ionic and anionic surfactants maintained at or above the CMC value relative to the situation with surfactant-free soils. The higher values of KF and KD showed that the adsorption of cypermethrin increased on soils amended with CTAB when the latter was at or above the CMC value relative to surfactant-free soils. The Rf values obtained from soil TLC studies were inversely proportional to the KF and KD values for both surfactant-free and surfactant-amended soils. The affinity of cypermethrin towards the organic carbon and clay content of the soils was evaluated by calculating the Koc and KD values, when it was found that the affinity of cypermethrin was better correlated with the clay content of the soils than with their organic carbon content. The results obtained are interesting in that they afford basic data resulting to the possible use of surfactants for solving problems of soil contamination posed by cypermethrin.
Adsorption and Chromatographic Separation of Mo(VI) and Zr(IV) Ions from a High-Concentration Oxalic Acid Solution by a Macroporous Silica-Based N,N,N′,N′-Tetraoctyl-3-Oxapentane-1,5-Diamide Polymeric Adsorbent
Authors: Zhang Anyun , Wei Yuezhou , Hoshi Harutaka , Kumagai Mikio 
Published: January 2005

To separate Mo(VI) and Zr(IV) ions from a 0.5 M oxalic acid solution and from each other, a novel macroporous silica-based N,N,N′,N′-tetraoctyl-3-oxapentane-1,5-diamide (TODGA) chelating polymeric adsorbent (TODGA/SiO2-P) was synthesized by introducing the TODGA molecule into ca. 50-μm diameter SiO2-P particles by impregnation. The adsorption of Mo(VI) and Zr(IV) ions onto TODGA/SiO2-P was investigated by examining the influence of nitric acid and oxalic acid concentrations. It was found that the adsorption was strongly affected by increasing the HNO3 concentration from 0.5 M to 9.0 M either with or without the addition of 0.5 M H2C2O4. In the absence of 0.5 M H2C2O4, the distribution coefficients (Kd) of both Mo(VI) and Zr(IV) ions decreased with an increase in the HNO3 concentration from 0.5 M to 3.0 M, increased slowly when the concentration of HNO3 was increased further from 3.0 M to 6.0 M, and then increased gradually above 6.0 M concentration. Furthermore, the adsorption of Zn(IV) ions onto TODGA/SiO2-P was considerably greater than that of Mo(VI) ions. In the presence of 0.5 M H2C2O4, Zr(IV) ions showed no adsorption at HNO3 concentrations below 4.0 M, being partly adsorbed in the presence of 4.0–6.0 M HNO3 and fully adsorbed when the HNO3 concentration was greater than 6.0 M. In contrast, Mo(VI) ions showed a much lower adsorption at HNO3 concentrations below 2.0 M and no adsorption above this acid level. In the presence of HNO3 at a concentration above 6.0 M and containing 0.5 M H2C2O4, the adsorption of Zr(IV) ions overlapped that from a similar HNO3 solution which did not include 0.5 M H2C2O4. This was attributed to complete protonation of the C2O2−2 anion. On the basis of batch experiments, Mo(VI) and Zr(IV) ions were separated from a 6.5 M HNO3 solution containing 0.5 M H2C2O4 by means of a column packed with TODGA/SiO2-P at 50°C. The separate components, Mo(VI) and Zr(IV), could be effectively separated from each other by eluting with some selected eluants. The recovery percentage was 100.5% for Mo(VI) ions and 96.8% for Zr(IV) ions.
Factors Affecting the Activity and Selectivity of Alumina Catalysts in the Dehydration of 1-Butanol
Authors: Ashour Sheikha S. 
Published: January 2005

Alumina catalysts A1, A2 and A3 calcined at 873 K, 973 K and 1073 K, respectively, were prepared. The textural properties (surface area and porosity) of these catalysts were determined from nitrogen adsorption studies at 77 K. The acidity (acid amount, acid strength and surface acid density) was determined from the thermal desorption of chemisorbed pyridine. The catalysts were employed in the conversion of 1-butanol at 473–548 K. The surface area and total pore volume decreased and the mean pore radius increased as the calcination temperature increased, while the amount of acid and the surface acid density also depended on the calcination temperature. The conversion of 1-butanol gave 1-butene and dibutyl ether as dehydration products and 2-butenes and isobutene as isomerization products. The acid sites on the alumina catalysts were of different strength, thereby explaining the bifunctionality of these catalysts. The reaction temperature and the flow rate of carrier gas contributed to the performance of alumina catalysts towards the conversion of 1-butanol, and possibly of other alcohols.
Wind Turbine Development 1973–2000: A Critique of the Differences in Policies between the Netherlands and Denmark
Authors: Kamp Linda M. 
Published: January 2005

In the 1970s, the Netherlands and Denmark both initiated policies to stimulate the development of wind energy. However, the results of these policies are very different. In Denmark, a flourishing wind industry exists nowadays, whereas in the Netherlands only one wind turbine producer remains. Furthermore, the total wind turbine capacity installed in Denmark by 2001 (2,340 MW) was five times greater than in the Netherlands. This paper investigates the differences between the wind energy policies in the Netherlands and Denmark, in particular the learning processes: Do the different learning processes explain the difference in success between the wind energy policies? The main conclusions are that, in the Netherlands ‘learning-by-searching’ (or R&D) was stimulated far more than in Denmark, whereas in Denmark ‘learning-by-using’ and ‘learning-by-interacting’ were far more important than in the Netherlands. The strong emphasis on learning-by-searching in the Netherlands resulted in a large amount of scientific research and a good international position of the Dutch wind energy researchers. However, the results of this research were little used by the Dutch wind turbine producers. In Denmark, the domestic market was larger and better organised than in the Netherlands, because at an early stage in Denmark, subsidies for wind turbine purchasers were available. Many contacts existed between the turbine owners, the turbine producers and the wind energy research institute Risø. Due to these contacts, much information was exchanged, which enabled the wind turbine producers to improve their products. Furthermore, because of these good contacts, the reputation of wind energy within Danish society was better than in the Netherlands, which resulted in less difficulty regarding turbine siting. These differences are important reasons for the difference in success between the Dutch and the Danish wind energy policies.
Community Noise Reduction of Supersonic Business Jet
Authors: Mirzoyan Arthur A. , Chaika Taras Yu. , Ilyin Andrey V. 
Published: January 2005

The “low noise” aircraft-propulsion system control is defined in such a way as to achieve community noise reduction during takeoff and initial climb of supersonic business jet (SSBJ). The conducted low noise aircraft-propulsion system control contains special low noise propulsion system control to obtain a minimum of cumulative noise level and low noise aircraft control to obtain low noise initial flight path. The low noise control must take into account all airworthiness standards restrictions and provide the market demand requirements to SSBJ. The efficiency comparison of conventional aircraft-engine control, which is used for subsonic passenger jet and the low noise aircraft-propulsion system control is understood from the perspective of minimum noise in the community. The integrated aircraft-propulsion system control is applied to the SSBJ project with 6–10 passengers. Research has shown the technical feasibility of satisfaction of new stringent market demands on a community noise level of SSBJ.
Supersonic - Transport Takeoff Silencing
Authors: Fournier Gerard F. 
Published: January 2005

All the projects of supersonic transport have been cancelled because none of the projects comply with noise regulations. The purpose of this paper is to systematically review the acoustical properties and power performances of engines and ejectors. Based on this review we should be able to put together a realistic design solution. The model will be a collection of elementary models, which are based on first principles and empirical coefficients. The requirements are based on jet noises and margins are included for certain other noise sources, for example fan noises. Additionally, fixed and stowable engines have to be considered. Method: A parametric analysis of March 2 aircraft illustrates the following: The fixed engines should have a bypass ratio (BPR) of BPR >1, which is the highest ratio permitted for the supersonic cruise. Ejectors are not an economical solution because they are too heavy. On the other hand boost (stowable) engines with large BPR – if their auxiliary systems and structures add less than 50% of their own weight – can provide a satisfactory solution. The sensitivity of those statements to the model estimates is discussed. Conclusion: A supersonic transport is feasible at no technological risk since the required engines (no variable cycle) already exist or are close to available technology.
SepBCTF4 Is Required for the Formation of DNA-Damage-Induced UvsCRAD51 Foci in Aspergillus nidulans
Authors: Gygax Scott E , Semighini Camile P , Goldman Gustavo H , Harris Steven D 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
SepB is an essential, conserved protein required for chromosomal DNA metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans. Homologs of SepB include yeast Ctf4p and human hAnd-1. Molecular and bioinformatic characterization of these proteins suggests that they act as molecular scaffolds. Furthermore, recent observations implicate the yeast family members in lagging-strand replication and the establishment of sister-chromatid cohesion. Here, we demonstrate that SepB functions in the A. nidulans DNA damage response. In particular, analysis of double mutants reveals that SepB is a member of the UvsCRAD51 epistasis group. In accord with this prediction, we show that UvsCRAD51 forms DNA-damage-induced nuclear foci in a manner that requires SepB function. We also provide evidence that implicates SepB in sister-chromatid cohesion, thereby suggesting that cohesion may play a role in regulating the localization and/or assembly of UvsCRAD51 complexes.