bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic and clinicopathological role of pretreatment systemic immune-inflammation index in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Jiliang , Dai Shu 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThere are many studies regarding the use of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) to help predict oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) prognosis, but findings have been inconsistent. The present meta-analysis was conducted to determine whether SII could contribute to predicting OSCC prognosis.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were thoroughly searched from their inceptions through August 20, 2023. The role of SII in predicting OSCC prognosis was determined through combined hazard ratios (HRs) with relevant 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Correlations of SII with clinicopathological characteristics of OSCC patients were analyzed based on combined odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs.ResultsThis meta-analysis utilized 11 articles in total, involving 3,464 patients. According to the results, an elevated SII was markedly associated with dismal overall survival (OS) (HR=1.85, 95%CI=1.48-2.29, p&lt;0.001) and poor disease-free survival (DFS) (HR=1.77, 95%CI=1.20-2.61, p=0.004) of OSCC. Moreover, a higher SII was markedly correlated with stage T3-T4 (OR=2.47, 95%CI=1.40-4.37, p=0.002), TNM stage III-IV (OR=2.29, 95%CI=1.53-3.44, p&lt;0.001), and low differentiation (OR=1.74, 95%CI=1.25-2.43, p=0.001).ConclusionAccording to the present meta-analysis, an increased SII is significantly associated with dismal OS and DFS, advanced tumor stage and poor differentiation in OSCC. SII could be a potential and important biomarker for clinical management and predicting the prognosis of patients with OSCC.Systematic review registrationhttps://inplasy.com/inplasy-2023-9-0033/), identifier INPLASY202390033.
The use of the ratio of C-reactive protein to albumin for the diagnosis of pediatric septic arthritis
Authors: Ren Chong , Yuan Quanwen , Yin Chunhua , Yao Feng , Yu Wentao , Zhang Fuyong , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between the ratio of c-reactive protein to albumin (CAR) and pediatric septic arthritis (PSA).MethodsClinical and laboratory data were collected. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive ability of CAR in identifying PSA. Multivariable logistic regression analyses was performed to calculate adjusted odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsWe included 305 patients with PSA (CAR ≤ 0.447, 182 patients; CAR &gt; 0.447, 123 patients) between September 2013 and November 2022. ROC analysis showed that CAR performed best in diagnosing PSA, with an area under curve (AUC) value of 0.828. After adjusted for potential confounders, we found that high CAR was associated with PSA (OR = 6.85, 95% CI: 2.30–20.40, p = 0.001). In sensitivity analyses, subgroups analyses, and propensity score matching, the results remain stable.ConclusionsThe CAR (&gt;0.447) at admission was an independent risk factor for PSA. It is worthy to further investigate this association.
Case Report: effect of lumasiran treatment in a late preterm baby with antenatal diagnosis of primary hyperoxaluria type 1
Authors: Taroni Francesca , Berrettini Alfredo , Gnech Michele , Rella Francesca , Manzoni Gian Antonio , Montini Giovanni 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundPrimary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a rare disease with autosomal recessive transmission, characterized by increased urinary excretion of oxalate, resulting in chronic kidney disease secondary to recurrent urolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, and accumulation of oxalate in various organs and tissues (systemic oxalosis). Since 2020, an innovative pharmacological approach, namely, lumasiran, has been added to the therapeutic armamentarium (dialysis and liver-kidney transplantation). The purpose of this paper is to describe the effect of lumasiran initiated at 10 days of life in a newborn with prenatally diagnosed PH1. A female fetus was prenatally diagnosed with hyperoxaluria type 1, based on family history and genetic testing. Her brother had the onset of the disease at 2 months of age and underwent liver and kidney transplantation at 13 months and 8 years of age, respectively. The baby was born late preterm at 36 weeks + 4 days of gestation via spontaneous labor, and lumasiran for compassionate use was started on the tenth day of life. At 20 months of age, the baby showed normal urinary oxalate values and kidney function, while the plasma oxalate level was under the threshold of oversaturation. There were no signs of systemic oxalosis.ConclusionsEarly use of lumasiran in young infants, who do not yet show signs of the disease, represents a therapeutic challenge for the pediatric nephrologist. The ability of the drug to act on the hepatocyte of the newborn and the most appropriate dosage to be used in these very young babies have yet to be clarified.
Effect of berberine on cognitive function and β-amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimer’s disease models: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Jia-Yang , Dai Yu , He Yao-Xi , Lin Lin 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Berberis vulgaris, which possesses a variety of pharmacological activities. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex disease with multiple pathologic factors, with cognitive decline being the main manifestation of AD. The neuroprotective effects of berberine in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been widely reported, exhibiting protective effects against risk factors associated with AD. In this study, we summarize and evaluate the effects of berberine on cognitive function and β-amyloid precursor protein in animal models of AD.Material and methods: Eligible studies were retrieved from PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases up to 1 June 2023. Risk of bias was assessed by the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experiments (SYRCLE). Statistical analyses were performed using STATA 14.0 and Review Manger 5.4 software to calculate weighted standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), Morris water maze (MWM) test and β-amyloid precursor protein as outcome measures. Heterogeneity was tested using the I2 test. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also assessed.Results: 19 studies involving 360 animals met the inclusion criteria, and the results of the meta-analysis showed that berberine decreased escape latency (SMD = −2.19, 95% CI: (−2.50, −1.88), p &lt; 0.00001), increased the number of platform crossings (SMD = 4.27, 95% CI (3.38, 5.17), p &lt; 0.00001), time in the target quadrant (SMD = 5.92, 95% CI (4.43, 7.41), p &lt; 0.00001) and APP expression (SMD = 0.73, 95% CI: (0.25, 1.21), p = 0.003).Conclusion: Berberine can regulate APP expression and improve cognitive function in animal models of AD, and the mechanism may be related to the involvement of berberine in APP processing and influence the expression of its related factors.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO, CRD42023437445
Influence of mental health service provision on the perceived quality of life among psychiatric outpatients: associations and mediating factors
Authors: Lundqvist Lars-Olov , Rytterström Patrik , Rask Mikael , Brunt David , Sellin Tabita , Grim Katarina , Rystedt Ingrid , Schröder Agneta 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between perceived mental health service provision and quality of life (QoL) as perceived by patients in psychiatric outpatient care.MethodsA total of 373 adult patients registered at 15 psychiatric outpatient clinics in three regions in central and southern Sweden were included in the study. Survey data were collected using a questionnaire on mental health service provision, symptom severity, recovery, clinical diagnosis, sociodemographics (serving as independent variables) and QoL (serving as the dependent variable). Three aspects of mental health service provision were used: patients’ perceived quality of care, perceived staff-patient interaction, and patient reported psychiatric treatments. Structural equation modelling was used to model the relationship among the variables.ResultsVariables in mental health service provision showed few direct associations with patients’ perceived QoL. Instead, the associations of mental health service provision on QoL were mainly mediated through symptom severity and recovery. These relationships were retained after adjusting for sociodemographic variables and clinical diagnoses. The final model achieved excellent goodness of fit (χ2 = 49.502, p = 0.230, RMSEA = 0.020, CFI = 0.997 and a SRMR = 0.024).ConclusionThis study shows that mental health service provision is associated with patients’ perceived QoL; however, this association is mostly indirect and mediated by reduced symptom severity and increased recovery. This finding can help inform the design of future interventions to enhance service provision to improve patients’ QoL.
Decreased influenza activity during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana, 2020
Authors: Asante Ivy Asantewaa , Nyarko Stephen Ofori , Awuku-Larbi Yaw , Obeng Richard Asomadu , Sarpong Gifty Mawuli , Amenuvor Esinam Aku Apefa , Adusei-Poku Mildred , Boatemaa Linda , Magnusen Vanessa , Wutsika Jennifer , Ago Samuel , Kwasah Lorreta , Wordui Juliet , Tackie Roberta Aprilyn , Laryea Dennis Odai , Asiedu-Bekoe Franklin , Asiedu William , Mingle Daniel Lartei , Nyarko Edward Owusu , Fox Anne , Nimo-Paintsil Shirley C. , Attram Naiki , Sanders Terrel , Ampofo William Kwabena 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic had a significant effect on influenza activity globally. In this study, we analyzed trends of influenza activity in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study using active prospective influenza surveillance data from 29 sentinel sites. At the sentinel sites, we enrolled patients presenting with symptoms based on the WHO case definition for influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI). Oro and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from patients and tested for the presence of influenza viruses using specific primers and probes described by the US-CDC. The percentage of positivity for influenza between 2017–2019 and 2021 was compared to 2020. Using the test for proportions in STATA 17.0 we estimated the difference in influenza activities between two periods.Results and discussionInfluenza activity occurred in a single wave during the 2020 surveillance season into 2021, September 28 2020–March 7 2021 (week 40, 2020–week 9, 2021). Influenza activity in 2020 was significantly lower compared to previous years (2017– 2019, 2021). Influenza A (H3) was more commonly detected during the early part of the year (December 30, 2019–March 8, 2020), while influenza B Victoria was more commonly detected toward the end of the year (September 28–December 28). In Ghana, adherence to the community mitigation strategies introduced to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2, which affected the transmission of other infectious diseases, may have also impacted the transmission of influenza. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in Ghana to describe the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on influenza activity. The continuation and strict adherence to the non-pharmaceutical interventions at the community level can help reduce influenza transmission in subsequent seasons.
Climate smart agriculture impact on food and nutrition security in Ethiopia
Authors: Teklu Abyiot , Simane Belay , Bezabih Mintewab 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe objective of this study was to analyze how innovations in Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) contribute to improving the food and nutrition security of smallholder households, thereby promoting sustainable food systems.MethodsA cross-sectional household survey was conducted among a multi-stage sample of 424 smallholder farmers drawn from five different agroecosystems. To examine households’ food and nutrition security, we used food consumption score (FCS) and modified household dietary diversity score (HDDS) in propensity score matching (PSM) and endogenous switching regression (ESR) estimation models.ResultsPSM results showed that crop residue management, compost, and agroforestry have a significant effect on improving households’ food and nutrition security by 21.3, 13.6, and 16.6%, respectively, whereas Soil and water conservation (SWC) has reduced adopters’ food security by 12.9%. However, the conditional average treatment effect, or ESR result, reveals that households’ food and nutrition security has improved as a result of the adoption of crop residue management, compost, SWC, and agroforestry.DiscussionAlthough the impact of crop residue management, compost, and agroforestry is positive, the effect of SWC on household food security has been inconclusive. Hence, it is important to upscale the adoption of multiple CSA innovations to improve smallholder household’s food security in the face of climate change.
Genomic insights into ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolated from non-human primates in the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Bazalar-Gonzales Jhonathan , Silvestre-Espejo Thalía , Rodríguez Cueva Carmen , Carhuaricra Huamán Dennis , Ignación León Yennifer , Luna Espinoza Luis , Rosadio Alcántara Raúl , Maturrano Hernández Lenin 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionExtended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae are on the WHO priority pathogens list because they are associated with high mortality, health-care burden, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR), a serious problem that threatens global public health and should be addressed through the One Health approach. Non-human primates (NHP) have a high risk of acquiring these antibiotic-resistant bacteria due to their close phylogenetic relationship with humans and increased anthropogenic activities in their natural environments. This study aimed to detect and analyze the genomes of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-producing E. coli) in NHP from the Peruvian Amazon.Materials and methodsWe collected a total of 119 fecal samples from semi-captive Saguinus labiatus, Saguinus mystax, and Saimiri boliviensis, and captive Ateles chamek, Cebus unicolor, Lagothrix lagothricha, and Sapajus apella in the Loreto and Ucayali regions, respectively. Subsequently, we isolated and identified E. coli strains by microbiological methods, detected ESBL-producing E. coli through antimicrobial susceptibility tests following CLSI guidelines, and analyzed their genomes using previously described genomic methods.ResultsWe detected that 7.07% (7/99) of E. coli strains: 5.45% (3/55) from Loreto and 9.09% (4/44) from Ucayali, expressed ESBL phenotype. Genomic analysis revealed the presence of high-risk pandemic clones, such as ST10 and ST117, carrying a broad resistome to relevant antibiotics, including three blaCTX-M variants: blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-55, and blaCTX-M-65. Phylogenomic analysis confirmed the clonal relatedness of high-risk lineages circulating at the human-NHP interface. Additionally, two ESBL-producing E. coli strains were identified as EPEC (eae) and ExPEC according to their virulence profiles, and one more presented a hypermucoviscous phenotype.DiscussionWe report the detection and genomic analysis of seven ESBL-producing E. coli strains carrying broad resistome and virulence factors in NHP from two regions of the Peruvian Amazon. Some of these strains are closely related to high-risk pandemic lineages previously reported in humans and domestic animals, highlighting the negative impact of anthropogenic activities on Amazonian wildlife. To our knowledge, this is the first documentation of ESBL-producing E. coli in NHP from the Amazon, underscoring the importance of adopting the One Health approach to AMR surveillance and minimizing the potential transmission risk of antibiotic-resistant bacteria at the human-NHP interface.
Primary care transformation in Scotland: a qualitative evaluation of the views of patients
Authors: Donaghy Eddie , Sweeney Kieran , Henderson David , Angus Colin , Cullen Morag , Hemphill Mary , Wang Harry HX , Guthrie Bruce , Mercer Stewart W 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe new Scottish GP contract introduced in April 2018 aims to improve quality of care through expansion of the multidisciplinary team (MDT) to enable GPs to spend more time as expert medical generalists with patients with complex needs.AimTo explore patients’ views on the changes in general practice in Scotland since the inception of the new contract.Design and settingQualitative study with 30 patients (10 living in urban deprived areas, 10 living in urban affluent/mixed urban areas, and 10 living in remote and rural areas).MethodIn-depth semi-structured interviews with thematic analysis.ResultsPatients were generally unaware of the new GP contract, attributing recent changes in general practice to the COVID-19 pandemic. Ongoing concerns included access to GP consultations (especially face-to-face ones), short consultation length with GPs, and damage to continuity of care and the GP–patient relationship. Most patients spoke positively about consultations with MDT staff but still wanted to see a known GP for health concerns that they considered potentially serious. These issues were especially concerning for patients with multiple complex problems, particularly those from deprived areas.ConclusionFollowing the introduction of the new Scottish GP contract, patients in this study’s sample were accepting of first contact care from the MDT but still wanted continuity of care and longer face-to-face consultations with GPs. These findings suggest that the expert generalist role of the GP is not being adequately supported by the new contract, especially in deprived areas, though further quantitative research is required to confirm this.
Patrón reproductivo de la rana venenosa Amazónica Ranitomeya ventrimaculata (Shreve, 1935)
Authors: Morillo-Villarreal Iván Bladymir , Andrade-Galán Paula Adriana , Hernández–Nieto Juan Sebastián , Lucas Josh , Montenegro-García María Fabiola 
Published: January 2024

La conservación de especies animales, de manera particular los anfibios, ha cobrado gran importancia, frente a los peligros inminentes de extinción por efectos del cambio climático, la dramática alteración de sus hábitats por el ser humano, la desecación, y el ataque de microrganismos. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo contribuir al conocimiento de la biología reproductiva de una de las especies más emblemáticas de la familia Dendrobatidae, Ranitomeya ventrimaculata (Shreve 1935), llamada rana venenosa de Sarayacu, de pequeño tamaño, pero de singular belleza. Si bien su estatus de conservación es de preocupación menor de acuerdo con la UICN, sus poblaciones de baja densidad causan preocupación sobre las reales posibilidades de mantenerlas viables. Como alcances de este trabajo, se estableció que, su apareamiento es variado, con prevalencia del amplexus cefálico, en cuanto a la relación de sexos en el grupo parental, el mayor éxito de reproducción se dio entre los especímenes ubicados en proporción de una hembra un macho, el estrato preferido para la ovoposición fue el suelo en un 63%, la eclosión de los huevos se efectúo a los 14 días en promedio, los huevos de 1 día midieron en promedio 3 mm, el desarrollo completo de Ranitomeya ventrimaculata, dura entre 70 y 75 días, al completar este proceso alcanzan dimensiones, longitud rostro - cloaca en los machos en rango promedio de 15,5 a 18,3 mm; en hembras de 16,5 a 18,6 mm. Las curvas de supervivencia de los resultados obtenidos indican una tendencia de tipo II. La expectativa de vida es alta en el momento de la ovoposición, y decrece al finalizar la etapa de éxtasis metamórfico. El manejo en condiciones de cautiverio en laboratorio se considera factible y viable, en la posibilidad de replicar este procedimiento a fin de obtener individuos de Ranitomeya ventrimaculata, para repoblar bosques amazónicos.
Primary Extranodal Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma: Molecular Landscape, Antitumor Treatment and Prognosis
Authors: Мингалимов М.А. , Барях Е.А. , Мисюрина Е.Н. , Поляков Ю.Ю. , Желнова Е.И. , Толстых Т.Н. , Чуднова Т.С. , Иванова Д.Д. , Кочнева О.Л. , Зотина Е.Н. , Гаглоева Д.Э. , Лысенко М.А. 
Published: January 2024

Диффузная крупноклеточная В-клеточная лимфома (ДВКЛ) представляет собой крайне гетерогенное опухолевое заболевание лимфоидной природы и является наиболее распространенным иммуноморфологическим вариантом из группы агрессивных неходжкинских лимфом (НХЛ). Треть ДВКЛ характеризуется первичной экстранодальной локализацией и вариабельным прогнозом в зависимости от зоны поражения. Следует отметить, что именно молекулярные характеристики играют ключевую роль в различиях клинических проявлений, прогнозе опухолевого заболевания и совершенствовании терапевтического подхода с включением новых противоопухолевых агентов. Экстранодальная ДВКЛ молочной железы, кожи, матки, иммунопривелигированных зон, таких как центральная нервная система (ЦНС), и яичка, обладает фенотипом В-клеток постгерминального уровня (non-GCB) и высокой частотой мутаций MYD88/CD79B. В свою очередь для экстранодальной ДВКЛ желудка и щитовидной железы характерно благоприятное течение заболевания с низкой частотой выявляемости non-GCB-фенотипа. Ритуксимаб-содержащая иммунохимиотерапия (ИХТ) служит стандартом не только для нодальных форм заболевания, но и при первичной экстранодальной локализации. В настоящее время оптимизация стратегии терапии в соответствии с клинико-иммуноморфологическими характеристиками и молекулярной гетерогенностью является крайне актуальной проблемой. В данном обзоре рассматриваются ключевые сигнальные пути и новые подходы к противоопухолевой терапии первичной экстранодальной ДВКЛ.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an extremely heterogeneous tumour disease of lymphoid nature and is the most common immunomorphological variant from the group of aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL). One third of DLBCL is characterised by primary extranodal localization and a variable prognosis depending on the area of the lesion. It should be noted that it is molecular characteristics that play a key role in the differences in clinical manifestations, prognosis of tumour disease and improvement of the therapeutic approach with the inclusion of new antitumour agents. Extranodal DLBCL of the breast, skin, uterus, immunoprivileged areas such as the central nervous system (CNS) and testis have a postgerminal B-cell (non-GCB) phenotype and a high frequency of MYD88/CD79B mutations. In turn, extranodal gastric and thyroid DLBCL is characterised by a favourable disease course with a low incidence of the non-GCB phenotype. Rituximab- containing immunochemotherapy (ICT) is the standard not only for nodal forms of the disease, but also for primary extranodal localisation. Currently, optimizing the therapy strategy according to clinical and immunomorphological characteristics and molecular heterogeneity is a highly relevant problem. In this review, key signalling pathways and new approaches to antitumour therapy of primary extranodal DLBCL are discussed.