bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of wind photovoltaic microgrid with hydrogen energy storage system in industrial aquaculture enterprises
Authors: zeyuan su , yu zhao , yanyan zhu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The high electricity consumption problem of industrial aquaculture has been the bottleneck limiting the large-scale promotion of this new aquaculture technology. At the same time, aquaculture enterprises also need a certain amount of heat energy and oxygen. Taking into account the features of the hydrogen energy storage system that generates heat and oxygen during the process of storing and releasing electrical energy, the wind photovoltaic microgrid with hydrogen energy storage system is proposed and applied to industrial aquaculture to realize the integrated supply of thermal energy, electrical energy, and oxygen to reduce the energy cost of enterprises. In this paper, the microgrid cogeneration energy storage model with wind turbines, solar arrays, thermal storage system, oxygen storage system, and hydrogen storage system is built using the Matlab/Simulink program. In the meantime, the model was put in a Penaeus Vannamei industrial aquaculture enterprise in Guangdong to simulate the energy supply of the microgrid with hydrogen energy storage system, and the system's costs and benefits were then compared to those of the microgrid battery energy storage system. The simulation findings confirmed that the system can satisfy the business's energy needs at a lower cost and with more financial success than the current battery energy storage microgrid system. The research results are expected to provide new ideas and methods for reducing energy costs in industrial aquaculture.
Analysis of free-living seabirds from Brazil as potential hosts of Toxoplasma gondii and Leptospira spp
Authors: Acosta Igor C.L. , Chiebao Daniela P. , Serafini Patricia P. , Canani Gabriel , Pena Hilda F.P. , Heinemann Marcos B. , Souza-Filho Antonio F. , Campolina Cynthia , Marques Caio A. , Neves Tatiana S. , Efe Marcio A. , Nunes Guilherme T. , Labruna Marcelo B. , Bugoni Leandro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Dispersal patterns of zoonotic pathogens can be strongly influenced by mobility and contact among hosts. Toxoplasmosis has been documented in many avian species, however, there is few information regarding free-living seabird populations.Leptospiracan infect domestic and wild animals, with birds being potential carriers of the bacteria. The continental shelf of the southwestern Atlantic Ocean is a foraging area for seabirds breed locally, as well as migratory seabirds wintering in the area, which may come into contact with each other in prey aggregation areas and contribute toLeptospiraspread. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of important zoonotic pathogens in free-living seabirds, encompassing species that nest on islands as well as migratory visitors sampled at sea. Blood samples were collected from 322 birds of three local breeders (Phaethon aethereus,Sula leucogasterandS. dactylatra) in the eastern coast of Brazil (Abrolhos archipelago), and two migratory species using the area during the pre-laying (Pterodroma arminjoniana) and the non-breeding periods (Thalassarche chlororhynchos). Serological agglutination tests for detection of anti-Toxoplasma gondiiand anti-Leptospiraspp. antibodies were performed. None of the seabirds in this study was reagent to anti-Leptospiraspp., whereas 34.5% (n = 111) of the animals presented antibodies againstT. gondii. Antibody titers in seropositive birds ranged from 10 to 640. There were seropositive birds in all sampled localities. This study provides the first records forP. arminjonianaandT. chlororhynchosas seropositive toT. gondii, suggesting their potential role as sentinels for the disease. These findings indicate the circulation of the parasite in the Brazilian coastal and oceanic regions, suggesting the influence of anthropogenic activities over the studied regions that could lead to the ingestion ofT. gondiioocysts by the birds. The epidemiological involvement of migratory birds as hosts of pathogens, as well as the role of the historical introduction of invasive vertebrates on Brazilian islands. Therefore, seabird colonies need to be better understood to be included in the risk analysis of the wildlife cycle of toxoplasmosis.
Pathogenic microorganism DNA high-throughput genetic sequencing was used to diagnose peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis as an infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Xu Rui-feng , Gao Wu-niri , Hu Ta-la , Wang Xi-feng , Zhao Jian-rong , meng yan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis is a serious complication of peritoneal dialysis, and prevention and treatment of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis are important to improve the long-term survival and quality of life of patients. However, peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is relatively rare and not easily diagnosed. Here, we present a case of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis identified by pathogenic microbial DNA high-throughput genetic sequencing. This case suggested that pathogenic microorganism high-throughput genetic sequencing could be considered to improve the detection rate of pathogenic microorganisms in patients with complex conditions, and then targeted drugs could be selected for treatment as early as possible based on the test results so that the patient's condition could be improved as soon as possible.
Novel Machine Learning Model for Fast and Accurate Diabetes Prediction
Authors: Sarkar Prosanjeet , Pawar Santosh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, one of the fastest spreading chronic diseases in the world and is related to anomalous, undeniably escalated levels of glucose in the blood. People with diabetes are at an increased risk of developing complications like strokes, diabetic retinopathy, renal failure, and neuropathy, among others, which raise the rates of morbidity and mortality. Making things even worse when medical science confirms that there is no cure for this disease yet! Even though there is no cure for diabetes. In developing nations, diabetes has emerged as the second leading cause of mortality. The primary step towards controlling and minimizing the risk factor of diabetes is the early detection of diabetes. The advancement of public healthcare facilities has prompted the gathering of sensitive and important healthcare data. The adoption of machine learning algorithms in conjunction with the analysis of acquired data facilitates the early detection and prognostication of diseases. The aim of this study is to propose a reliable and efficient novel machine learning model for predicting diabetes mellitus with better accuracy. For diabetes prediction, eight different classifiers were employed, i.e., Naïve Bayes (NB), Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM ), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), XGBoost (XGB), Novel machine learning model. For experimental evaluation, the Pima India diabetes dataset (PIDD) and Diabetes dataset are used. During the analysis, it was observed that the novel machine learning model outperformed other classifiers with 99.6% accuracy on the PIDD and 99.8 % accuracy on the Diabetes dataset. The findings reveal the resilience of a newly developed machine learning model in identifying diabetes mellitus at an early stage.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Alstonia scholaris extract: Evaluation of their antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, antimicrobial, and antimutagenic activities through in vitro and in silico studies
Authors: Shirsat Shubhangi D. , Chakranarayan Manjusha , Achal Varenyam , Rai Mahendra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Alstonia scholaris is used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of various human and livestock diseases as it contains diverse types of biologically active compounds. In the current study silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by an eco-friendly method using Alstonia scholaris leaf extract (aqueous and methanolic). The synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Green synthesized AgNPs were evaluated for their antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, antimicrobial, and antimutagenic potential. The AgNPs exhibited efficient antioxidant activities and considerable enzyme inhibition potential against α-amylase, and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. Meth-AgNPs showed strong antioxidant activity and high enzyme inhibitory effect as compared to Aq. AgNPs. Both AgNPs demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity. Synthesized AgNPs did not show any antimutagenic activity while Meth. AgNPs have demonstrated lower toxicities than previously reported AgNPs. Plant extracts are complex and contain several phytochemicals, which participate in the reduction and capping of AgNPs. Thus, despite the popularity of plant extract-mediated synthesis of AgNPs, the exact mechanism is still unclear. Here, we have used molecular simulation to reveal the interaction of phytochemicals and AgNP. Molecular dynamics simulation trajectory analysis showed that all phytochemicals- AgNP complexes reach an equilibrium within 100 ns. In addition, molecular docking experiments were performed to understand the mechanism of enzyme inhibition. The data from molecular simulation and dynamic support the capping of phytochemicals on the surface of AgNPs and is also responsible for the antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and lower toxicity of AgNPs.
Regional Prevalence of Hemoglobin C across Saudi Arabia: An Epidemiological Survey
Authors: Aljabry Mansour , Sulimani Suha , Alotaibi Ghazi , Aljabri Hassan , Alomary Shaker , Adam Izzeldin , Aljabri Omar , Alzahrani Mansour Khater , Alsultan Abdulrahman 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Introduction: HbC is a common structural hemoglobinopathy especially in West Africa. Prevalence and regional distribution of HbC in Saudi Arabia are widely undocumented. patients with homozygous HbC disease may have mild hemolytic anemia whereas combination with hemoglobin S (HbS) leads to a clinically severe phenotype.
Aim: The current epidemiological study, considered the largest from Saudi Arabia, aimed to evaluate the prevalence of the HbC variant among the couples participating in the premarital screening program from 2011-2018.
Methods: Data from the PMSGC program was obtained for premarital screening and genetic counseling. The collected data were then entered into the SEHA platform, a centralized electronic repository for the 13 designated regions in Saudi Arabia. Hemoglobin electrophoresis samples are analyzed using either HPLC, capillary electrophoresis, or a combination of both methods to confirm the presence of abnormal hemoglobin bands.
Results: This study included 1,871,184 individuals from 2011 to 2018. Of those, 49.8% were males and 50.2% were females. 112,618 (6.0%) had an abnormal test. Total number of Hb C cases were 778 (0.04%). HbC trait (HbAC) was detected in 764 participants while homozygous HbC (HbCC) and combined heterozygous (HbSC) were found in nine and five cases respectively. The regions near the Red Sea have higher rates than the central and eastern regions.
Conclusion: HbC is a rare variant in Saudi Arabia with varying regional frequencies. HbC variant is more common in Mecca and Madina regions . The geographic area of HbC distribution differs from the areas with high prevalence of HbS, which explains why HbSC disease cases are overwhelmingly rare.
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index-2: The validity of a two-item sleep quality screener in Brazilian adults
Authors: Menezes-Júnior Luiz Antônio Alves , Carraro Júlia Cristina Cardoso , Machado-Coelho George Luiz Lins , Meireles Adriana Lúcia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Several instruments are available to assess sleep quality, including the 19-item Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). As shorter measures may be desirable for use in clinical settings or population-based research, we evaluated the validity of a 2-item sleep quality screener, the PSQI-2.
Methods: The PSQI-2 inquiries about sleep duration and subjective sleep quality over the past 30 days, scoring each from 0 ("very good"; > 7h of sleep) to 3 ("very bad"; < 5h of sleep). The sum of the two items generates a score from 0 to 6; the higher the score, the worse the sleep quality. This study was conducted with 1,762 adults in a population-based household survey with stratified sampling between October and December 2020 in Brazil. Concurrent validity was assessed using the full PSQI as the reference test.
Results: As PSQI-2 scores increased from 0 to 6, a substantial increase has been found in the prevalence of individuals with poor sleep quality (p <0.05). The PSQI-2 had excellent internal consistency (α = 0.94 and ω = 0.85) and known-group validity, with higher scale scores found in individuals with symptoms of depression and anxiety. Considering PSQI > 5 (poor sleep quality) as a reference, the best cut-off point of the PSQI-2 score was > 2, with a sensitivity of 77.9% and specificity of 73.8%. The concurrent validity revealed acceptable performance of the PSQI-2 for the PSQI > 5 and > 7, and exceptional performance for the PSQI > 10.
Conclusion: The PSQI-2 presents good/excellent validity evidence for screening sleep quality in a sample of Brazilian adults.
Association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bone mineral density: a Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Yang Fangjun , Xie yinyin , Zhang qian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Previous observational studies have reported an association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bone mineral density (BMD). The nature of the relationship remains ambiguous, as it is uncertain whether it is causal in nature or influenced by shared genetic factors or confounding environmental variables. Traditional observational epidemiology is prone to the influence of unmeasured confounders and reverse causality, necessitating supplementary analyses to establish causality. The present study aimed to investigate whether there is a causal relationship between COPD and BMD using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Methods: In this study, we utilized single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that have been found to be strongly associated with COPD as instrumental variables (IVs). The primary outcomes of interest were BMD measurements at five specific anatomical sites, namely, the whole body, femoral neck, lumbar spine, forearm, and heel. These BMD measurements were primarily obtained from the summary statistics of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and the International Genetic Factors Consortium on Osteoporosis (GEFOS) consortium. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to explore the causal relationship between COPD and BMD. The primary analysis method employed in this study was the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method. Additionally, multiple sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness and reliability of the current MR. To make our results more robust, we also performed a confirmatory MR between BMD and osteoporosis (OP).
Results: Our study findings indicate the absence of a causal relationship between COPD and BMD at five specific anatomical sites. The results of the primary IVW MR were generally supported by our sensitivity MR. Nor did our confirmatory MR Analysis of COPD and OP support a causal relationship between COPD and BMD.
Conclusions: Our MR Study does not provide evidence for a causal relationship between COPD and BMD. Associations observed in epidemiological studies may be attributed, at least in part, to shared genetic effects or environmental confounders.
Evaluating Pakistan's Mental Healthcare System Using World Health Organization's Assessment Instrument for Mental Health System (WHO-AIMS)
Authors: Dayani Komal , Zia Mekaiel , Qureshi Onaiza , Baig Maria , Sabri Taha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background: Pakistan is confronted with significant mental health challenges, which necessitate the urgent need for a comprehensive assessment of its mental healthcare system. A holistic understanding of the mental health landscape is essential to identify strengths, weaknesses, and existing gaps within the system, which can inform targeted interventions and policy enhancements to improve mental healthcare delivery and accessibility.
Objective: The primary objective of this study is to conduct an in-depth analysis of Pakistan's mental healthcare system across various dimensions, guided by the World Health Organization's Assessment Tool for Mental Health Systems (WHO-AIMS).
Methods: Data for this study wereobtained through desk research, including an examination of existing policies and legislation, and consultations with various health facilities across Pakistan. This comprehensive analysis focused on six domains within the WHO-AIMS framework: (1) policy and legislation, (2) mental health services, (3) integration of mental health into primary care, (4) public awareness and collaboration with other sectors, (5) human resources, and (6) monitoring and research initiatives.
Results: The findings from our analysis revealed valuable insights within the six domains. We identified areas of strength and opportunities for improvement in Pakistan's mental healthcare system. These insights serve as the foundation for revising and updating national priorities for mental healthcare delivery and advocacy efforts. Key areas of focus include enhancing policy and legislation, expanding access to mental health services, improving existing initiatives for better integration of mental health into primary care, improving public awareness and public-private partnership, addressing human resource challenges, and strengthening monitoring and research initiatives.
Conclusion: This study provides a roadmap for refining and enhancing Pakistan's mental health ecosystem and informs the prioritization of mental health campaigning efforts. Ultimately, our study contributes to ongoing efforts to improve mental healthcare accessibility and quality in Pakistan.
On the energy of high-frequency characteristics and the lock-in phenomena of transonic buffet
Authors: Wei Lianyi , Zheng Guannan , Lu Weishuang , Yan Chang , Yang Guowei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The limit cycle oscillation (LCO) in the transonic buffet on the fixed supercritical airfoil OAT15A under Ma = 0.73, AoA=3.5° and Re≈3×106 , is successfully simulated by means of the Reynolds Stress Model. Higher-frequency characteristics related to vortex shedding is investigated through the sparsity-promoting dynamic mode decomposition (SP-DMD) and the wavenumber-frequency spectrum analysis. The modal analysis on the LCO pressure field reveals that the vortex modes whose frequencies gather around 3000 Hz correspond to acoustic waves and vortex shedding, and these vortex modes contribute quite a bit to the LCO behaviour and interact with the shock according to the energy criterion. On the other hand, the velocities of the shock-induced perturbation, Kelvin-Helmholtz vortices and acoustic waves are clearly identified in the wavenumber-frequency spectrum. Further, the buffet lock-in phenomena under prescribed pitch conditions are also studied by evaluating the energy exchange between the flow and the airfoil. From the energetic point of view, the trough of the energy map indicates the buffet lock-in onset while the upper zero energy exchange boundary offers the exit of the lock-in. The energy exchange between the flow and the airfoil alters the intensity of the shock and triggers the lock-in. Under the coupled interaction between the buffet and the airfoil motion, the onset of the lock-in is lowered compared to the flutter boundary, narrowing the flight envelope.
The effect of reward-induced arousal on the success and precision of episodic memory retrieval
Authors: Lloyd Beth , Nieuwenhuis Sander 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Moment-to-moment fluctuations in arousal can have large effects on learning and memory. For example, when neutral items are predictive of a later reward, they are often remembered better than neutral items without a reward association. This reward anticipation manipulation is thought to induce a heightened state of arousal, resulting in stronger encoding. It is unclear, however, whether these arousal-induced effects on encoding are ‘all-or-none’, or whether encoding precision varies from trial to trial with degree of arousal. Here, we examined whether trial-to-trial variability in reward-related pupil-linked arousal might correspond to variability in participants’ long-term memory encoding precision. We tested this using a location memory paradigm in which half of the to-be-encoded neutral items were linked to later monetary reward, while the other half had no reward association. After the encoding phase, we measured immediate item location memory on a continuous scale, allowing us to assess both memory success and memory precision. We found that pre-item baseline pupil size and pupil size during item encoding were not related to subsequent memory performance. In contrast, the anticipation of instrumental reward increased pupil size, and a smaller anticipatory increase in pupil size was linked to greater subsequent memory success but not memory precision.
Effect of foliar application of chemical fertilizers on morphological traits, antioxidant enzymes, and proline content of maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Tavan Tahereh , Rezaei Mohammad Ali , Janloo MehrAli Mahmoud 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Foliar application is one of the most effective ways to enhance plants physiological indexes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of foliar application of chemical fertilizers on morphological traits, antioxidant enzymes, and proline content of maize (Zea mays L.). An experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replication during two years (2018–2019) in Mazrae Katul city, located in Golestan province, Iran. The treatments included nitrogen (urea), potassium (potassium sulphate) and zinc (zinc sulphate) fertilizers of individual application, combined application of nitrogen + potassium, nitrogen + zinc, zinc + potassium and nitrogen + zinc + potassium against the control treatment. The results showed that the studied traits were affected by fertilizer resources at p < 0.01. The application of nitrogen increased dry and fresh weight of silk, number of seeds per cob, number of seeds per row, seed weight and biological yield significantly. Combined application of fertilizers increased stem diameter, number of seeds per cob, number of seeds per row, seed weight, dry and fresh weight of silk and biological yield significantly. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (leaf catalase, polyphenol oxidase in leaf, silk, seed and silk peroxidase) was affected by zinc resources and nitrogen application and increased leaf and silk peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase in leaf, silk and seed and silk catalase. Overall, combined application of fertilizers improved silk dry and fresh weight, antioxidant enzymes (leaf, silk and seed) and silk and seed proline significantly and thus, is recommended for improvement of morphophysiological traits and yield.