bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Purification and characterization of arginine kinase from the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana)
Authors: Brown Ashli E. , France Richard M. , Grossman Steven H. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe isolation and characterization of homogeneous arginine kinase from the cockroach is reported. The purification protocol produces 6.6 mg of pure enzyme from 6.8 g of whole cockroach. The purified enzyme cross‐reacts with a heterologous antibody and monoclonal antibody against arginine kinase from the shrimp. Both antibody preparations also cross‐react with extracts from several species known to contain monomeric arginine kinase, but fail to react with extracts from organisms containing dimeric arginine kinase. Cockroach arginine kinase has a molecular mass of approximately 43,000 determined from measurements by gel filtration and gel electrophoresis. Compared with other arginine kinases, the enzyme from the cockroach is relatively thermostable (50% activity retained at 50°C for 10 min) and has a pH optima of 8.5 and 6.5–7.5, for the forward and reverse reactions, respectively. Treatment with 5,5′dithiobis[2‐nitrobenzoic acid] indicates that arginine kinase has a single reactive sulfhydryl group and, interestingly, the reaction is biphasic. The Michaelis constants for the phosphagen substrates, arginine: 0.49 mM, phosphoarginine: 0.94 mM, and nucleotide substrates MgATP: 0.14 mM, MgADP: 0.09 mM, are in the range reported for other arginine kinases. A 1% solution of pure enzyme has an absorbance of 7.0 at 280 nm. Calculations based on circular dichroic spectra indicate that arginine kinase from the cockroach has 12% α‐helical structure. The intrinsic protein fluorescence emission maximum at 340 nm suggests that tryptophan residues are below the surface of the protein and not exposed to solvent. Arginine kinase from the cockroach and shrimp are known to be deleterious immunogens towards humans. The availability of pure protein, its characterization and potential regulation of activity, will be useful in developing agents to control the cockroach population and its destructive role in agriculture and human health. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 56:51–60, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mechanisms of the insecticidal action of TEL (Talisia esculenta lectin) against Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)
Authors: Macedo Maria Lígia Rodrigues , De Castro Márcia Mota , Freire Maria Das Graças Machado 
Published: May 2004

AbstractPlant lectins have insecticidal activity that is probably mediated through their ability to bind carbohydrates. To examine the influence of sugars on the insecticidal activity of a lectin from Talisia esculenta seeds (TEL), the lectin was mixed with mannose, glucose, or mannose plus glucose. Mannose abolished the insecticidal activity. Affinity chromatography showed that TEL bound to midgut proteins of the insect Callosobruchus maculatus. Immunoblotting showed that TEL recognized some proteins, probably glycoproteins, present in the midgut membrane of this insect. The principal proteases responsible for digestive proteolysis in fourth instar larvae of C. maculatus were purified by chromatography on activated thiol‐Sepharose. These purified proteases were unable to digest TEL after a 15‐h incubation. These results suggest that the insecticidal activity of TEL involves a specific carbohydrate‐lectin interaction with glycoconjugates on the surface of digestive tract epithelial cells, as well as binding to assimilatory glycoproteins present in midgut extracts and resistance to enzymatic digestion by cysteine proteinases. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 56:84–96, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On‐line monitoring of human prostate cancer cells in a perfusion rotating wall vessel by near‐infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Rhiel Martin H. , Cohen Michael B. , Arnold Mark A. , Murhammer David W. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractPC‐3 human prostate cancer cells have been cultivated in a rotating wall vessel in which glucose, lactate, and glutamine profiles were monitored noninvasively and in real time by near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. The calibration models were based on off‐line spectra from tissue culture experiments described previously (Rhiel et al., Biotechnol Bioeng 77:73–82). Monitoring performance was improved by Fourier filtering of the spectra and initial off‐set adjustment. The resulting standard errors of predictions were 0.95, 0.74, and 0.39 mM for glucose, lactate, and glutamine, respectively. The concentration of ammonia could not be accurately measured from the same spectra. In addition, metabolite uptake and production rates were determined for PC‐3 prostate cancer cells during exponential growth in batch‐mode cultivation. Cells grew with a doubling time of 21 h and consumed glucose and glutamine at rates of 6.8 and 1.8 × 10−17 mol/cell·s, respectively. This resulted in lactate and ammonia production rates of 11.9 and 1.3 × 10−17 mol/cell·s, respectively. Compared with other monitoring technologies, this technology has many advantages for spaceflights and stand‐alone units; for instance, calibration can be performed at one time and then applied in a reagentless, low‐maintenance way at a later time. The resulting concentration information can be incorporated into closed‐loop control schemes, thereby leading to better in vitro models of in vivo behavior. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A study on application of impregnated synthetic peptide TLC stationary phases for the screening of 5‐HT1A ligands. Part 2
Authors: Zajdel Paweł , Bojarski Andrzej J. , Bugno Ryszard , Jurczyk Sławomir , Kołaczkowski Marcin , Nowak Mateusz , Subra Gilles , Martinez Jean , Pawłowski Maciej 
Published: May 2004

AbstractSix extended analogues of the recently described peptides (LDVL, ADVL) were designed and synthesized on a solid support, and then impregnated on TLC stationary phases. The impact of the impregnated peptide sequence modiﬁcations on the chromatographic retard, ΔRf (difference in the migration of tested compound on control and impregnated plates), of 42 arylpiperazine 5‐HT1A receptor ligands was studied. None of the new models tested made a better prediction of 5‐HT1A afﬁnity than that utilizing ADVL tetrapeptide. Further validation of the ADVL model on a set of 22 structurally differentiated 2‐methoxy‐phenylpiperazine derivatives conﬁrmed its effectiveness in the afﬁnity discrimination of a coherent group of 5‐HT1A receptor ligands. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
LC/MS/MS identiﬁcation of glycosides produced by biotransformation of cinnamyl alcohol in Rhodiola rosea compact callus aggregates
Authors: Tolonen Ari , György Zsuzsanna , Jalonen Jorma , Neubauer Peter , Hohtola Anja 
Published: May 2004

AbstractCinnamyl alcohol was added to the media of compact callus aggregates (CCA) of Rhodiola rosea for stimulating the production of cinnamyl glycosides. The biotransformation reaction produced high amounts of rosin, while only a very low amount of rosavin was produced. As the consumption rate of cinnamyl alcohol was much higher than production of rosin, the aqueous methanol extracts of compact callus aggregates were studied by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometric methods and four new unexpected biotransformation products of cinnamyl alcohol were identiﬁed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simplicity and typical rank of three‐way arrays, with applications to Tucker‐3 analysis with simple cores
Authors: ten Berge Jos M. F. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn chemometric applications of Tucker three‐way principal component analysis, core arrays are often constrained to have a large majority of zero elements. This gives rise to questions of non‐triviality (are the constraints active, or can any core of a given format be transformed to satisfy the constraints?) and uniqueness (can we transform the components in one or more directions without losing the given pattern of zero elements in the core?). Rather than deciding such questions on an ad hoc basis, general principles are to be preferred. This paper gives an overview of simplicity transformations on the one hand, and typical rank results on the other, which are suitable to determine whether or not certain constrained cores are trivial. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A dedicated generalized Procrustes algorithm for consensus molecular alignment
Authors: Commandeur Jacques J. F. , Kroonenberg Pieter M. , Dunn William J. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractRecently the idea of using generalized Procrustes analysis for aligning sets of molecules was introduced using standard algorithms. In this paper it is shown that, by tailoring the algorithm to this specific problem, a great gain in computational speed and memory efficiency can be obtained, but even more importantly, by using rotations without reflection, changes in chirality of molecules can be prevented, which was not previously possible. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C2C12 Co‐culture on a fibroblast substratum enables sustained survival of contractile, highly differentiated myotubes with peripheral nuclei and adult fast myosin expression
Authors: Cooper S.T. , Maxwell A.L. , Kizana E. , Ghoddusi M. , Hardeman E.C. , Alexander I.E. , Allen D.G. , North K.N. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe describe a simple culture method for obtaining highly differentiated clonal C2C12 myotubes using a feeder layer of confluent fibroblasts, and document the expression of contractile protein expression and aspects of myofibre morphology using this system. Traditional culture methods using collagen‐ or laminin‐coated tissue‐culture plastic typically results in a cyclic pattern of detachment and reformation of myotubes, rarely producing myotubes of a mature adult phenotype. C2C12 co‐culture on a fibroblast substratum facilitates the sustained culture of contractile myotubes, resulting in a mature sarcomeric register with evidence for peripherally migrating nuclei. Immunoblot analysis demonstrates that desmin, tropomyosin, sarcomeric actin, α‐actinin‐2 and slow myosin are detected throughout myogenic differentiation, whereas adult fast myosin heavy chain isoforms, members of the dystrophin‐associated complex, and α‐actinin‐3 are not expressed at significant levels until >6 days of differentiation, coincident with the onset of contractile activity. Electrical stimulation of mature myotubes reveals typical and reproducible calcium transients, demonstrating functional maturation with respect to calcium handling proteins. Immunocytochemical staining demonstrates a well‐defined sarcomeric register throughout the majority of myotubes (70–80%) and a striated staining pattern is observed for desmin, indicating alignment of the intermediate filament network with the sarcomeric register. We report that culture volume affects the fusion index and rate of sarcomeric development in developing myotubes and propose that a fibroblast feeder layer provides an elastic substratum to support contractile activity and likely secretes growth factors and extracellular matrix proteins that assist myotube development. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 58:200–211, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of high‐dose melphalan with a more intensive regimen of thiotepa, busulfan, and cyclophosphamide for patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Anagnostopoulos Athanasios , Aleman Ana , Ayers Gregory , Donato Michele , Champlin Richard , Weber Donna , Alexanian Raymond , Giralt Sergio 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDHigh‐dose chemotherapy (HDC) with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) as part of the initial treatment regimen improves progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients with multiple myeloma. The optimal preparative regimen for patients with multiple myeloma has yet to be defined. In the current study, the authors compared the outcomes associated with high‐dose melphalan (HDM) and a more intensive regimen of thiotepa, busulfan, and cyclophosphamide (TBC) in patients with multiple myeloma.METHODSOne hundred eighty‐six patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (median age, 51 years) received HDC with ASCT for consolidation of first remission (n = 108) or for treatment of primary refractory disease (n = 78). Seventy patients had a large tumor mass at the time of diagnosis. The preparative regimen consisted of TBC for 97 patients and HDM for 89 patients. Patients in the TBC group were younger and had more advanced disease stage at diagnosis and at the time of ASCT compared with patients in the HDM group.RESULTSThe response rates (complete response [CR] and partial response [PR]) were similar in the TBC group (overall response rate, 66%; CR rate, 17%; PR rate, 49%) and the HDM group (overall response rate, 69%; CR rate, 28%; PR rate, 41%). PFS and OS were similar in both groups. A proportional hazards regression model revealed that Durie–Salmon disease stage at diagnosis and having received three or more previous treatment regimens were the only factors that predicted PFS; the type of preparative regimen did not influence outcome.CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study indicate that the use of a more intensive regimen did not improve results compared with HDM in patients with multiple myeloma. HDM should continue to be considered the standard preparative regimen for patients with myeloma. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Prospective evaluation of a novel approach for the use of a quantitative galactose oxidase–Schiff reaction in ductal fluid samples from women with breast carcinoma
Authors: Chagpar Anees , Evelegh Michael , Fritsche Herbert A. , Krishnamurthy Savitri , Hunt Kelly K. , Kuerer Henry M. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe galactose oxidase–Schiff reaction (GOS) yields positive findings in a number of malignant solid tumors. The goals of the current study were to develop a novel technique for quantifying GOS reactivity in nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) samples from women with invasive breast carcinoma and to assess the clinical utility of the technique in this setting.METHODSPatients with biopsy‐proven unilateral invasive breast carcinoma were eligible for study entry. Before definitive surgery, NAF samples were obtained from healthy breast tissue and malignant breast tissue from 23 women with breast carcinoma. Under blind conditions with respect to clinical data, 10 μL NAF samples were applied to a glass fiber membrane and incubated with 100 μL galactose oxidase and 1 mL Schiff reagent. The stain was developed and the color reaction quantitated by measuring hue (shade) and chroma (intensity) using a spectrophotometer.RESULTSGOS reactivity was quantitated using two color parameters, hue and chroma. Because chroma varies with concentration, this measurement was adjusted for the concentration of NAF in each sample. After adjustment for NAF concentration, chroma was found to be statistically significantly different in the affected breast tissue sample and the healthy contralateral internal control sample (P = 0.001).CONCLUSIONSA quantitative measure of GOS reactivity based on spectrophotometric measurement of intensity of color has been developed and was found to be significantly different in the affected breast compared with the unaffected breast in the current population of patients with breast carcinoma. The preliminary results support further exploration of this novel quantitative test in patients with breast carcinoma. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Time to disease progression to evaluate a novel protein kinase C inhibitor, UCN‐01, in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Rini Brian I. , Weinberg Vivian , Shaw Vanessa , Scott Janet , Bok Robert , Park John W. , Small Eric J. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is characterized by von Hippel‐Lindau gene inactivation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) overproduction. The mechanism of VEGF overproduction may involve protein kinase C (PKC) delta and zeta isoforms. UCN‐01 (7‐hydroxystaurosporine) is a selective inhibitor of PKC. Given the historically low objective response rate in RCC, time to disease progression (TTP) as an alternative endpoint was employed to evaluate the antitumor activity of UCN‐01 in RCC.METHODSPatients with progressive, metastatic RCC received UCN‐01 intravenously on Day 1 of each 21‐day cycle. The initial dose was 90 mg/m2 and all subsequent doses were 45 mg/m2 unless modified for toxicity. TTP was the primary endpoint, defined as the period from the first day of treatment until disease progression. Detection of circulating EpCAM‐positive renal carcinoma cells was undertaken for predictive or prognostic potential.RESULTSTwenty‐one patients were enrolled in this Phase II study. Accrual was halted after failure to reach a predetermined efficacy requirement with 7 patients remaining disease progression free after 4 months (6 cycles). The median TTP for all patients was 2.67 months (range, 0.4–7.6 months). There were no objective responses. Therapy was generally well tolerated. Thirteen patients had < 0.6 EpCAM‐positive cells/mL (considered negative) at all time points measured. Two patients had detectable EpCAM‐positive cells at a single time point with other measurements being negative.CONCLUSIONSTTP is a novel endpoint for the evaluation of agents in RCC. UCN‐01 did not demonstrate significant antitumor activity. No evidence for significant circulating EpCAM‐positive cells was found in this study cohort. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: A report on 29 patients treated by Mohs micrographic surgery with long‐term follow‐up and review of the literature
Authors: Snow Stephen N. , Gordon Ellen M. , Larson Paul O. , Bagheri Mohammed M. , Bentz Michael L. , Sable David B. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDDermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is an uncommon tumor of the skin. Clinically, it often masquerades as a benign, indolent tumor on the trunk and extremities. Microscopically, it extends far beyond assessed clinical margins, spreading locally in the dermis, subcutaneous tissue, and muscle. The local recurrence rate in patients with DFSP who undergo wide local excision ranges from 0% to 21%. Recent preliminary reports indicate more consistently favorable cure rates with Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). However, to date only a few scattered reports have documented long‐term 5‐year follow‐up. The authors present data on 29 patients with DFSP who underwent MMS. In addition, they reviewed the medical literature to summarize the accumulated experience of MMS treatment in the management of DFSP.METHODSThe authors conducted a retrospective review of a series of 40 consecutive patients with DFSP who underwent MMS over the last 20 years. Of these, there were 29 patients with > 5 years of follow‐up who formed the basis of the current review. The literature also was searched for patients with DFSP who underwent MMS with > 5 years of follow‐upRESULTSAt the University of Wisconsin Mohs Surgery Clinic, 29 patients with > 5 years of follow‐up were treated. There were 16 women and 13 men. Eight patients developed recurrent disease after previous non‐Mohs treatment. Site distribution was 45% head and neck and 55% trunk and extremities. In the current series, there were no local recurrences, with a local 5‐year cure rate of 100%. In the literature review, which included the current series, there were 136 patients with DFSP who underwent Mohs surgery with > 5 years of follow‐up. Nine patients in the current series developed local recurrences, including five patients who underwent a second Mohs procedure. The local cure rates after the first and second Mohs surgeries were 93.4% and 98.5%, respectively. The rate (percent) and time to local recurrence was 50% at 3 years and 75% at 5 years. However, 25% of local recurrences appeared late, after the usual 5‐year recommendation.CONCLUSIONSIn a series of 29 patients with of DFSP and in an accompanying update of the medical literature, 136 patients with DFSP underwent MMS with > 5 years of follow‐up. There were no regional and/or distant metastases. However, late recurrences beyond the usual recommended 5‐year follow‐up may occur. Therefore, all patients with DFSP, especially those with recurrent tumors, should be followed for an extended period. The accumulated data continue to confirm that, when DFSP is discovered early and is accessible readily to excision by MMS, a favorable outcome can be expected with minimal trauma or sacrifice of adjacent normal structures and with a low recurrence rate. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
The role of preoperative endorectal magnetic resonance imaging in the decision regarding whether to preserve or resect neurovascular bundles during radical retropubic prostatectomy
Authors: Hricak Hedvig , Wang Liang , Wei David C. , Coakley Fergus V. , Akin Oguz , Reuter Victor E. , Gonen Mithat , Kattan Michael W. , Onyebuchi Chinyere N. , Scardino Peter T. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDBecause the recovery of erectile function and the avoidance of positive surgical margins are important but competing outcomes, the decision to preserve or resect a neurovascular bundle (NVB) during radical prostatectomy (RP) should be based on the most accurate information concerning the location and extent of the tumor. In the current study, the authors determined the incremental value of endorectal magnetic resonance imaging (eMRI) in making this decision.METHODSeMRI was performed in 135 patients preoperatively. For each NVB, tumor extension to the NVB and the need for NVB resection was judged by a surgeon on a scale from 1 (definite preservation) to 5 (definite resection) before and after reviewing eMRI with a radiologist. Histopathologic findings were used as the standard of reference. The value of eMRI was assessed using binormal receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis adjusted for multiple observations per patient, and a mixed effects ordinal regression model was used for risk stratification.RESULTSHistopathologic examination determined that NVB resection was warranted in 44 of 270 NVBs (16%) because of posterolateral extracapsular extension (n = 29), positive surgical margins (n = 7), or both (n = 8). The areas under the ROC curves (AUC) were 0.741 for pre‐MRI and 0.832 for post‐MRI surgical planning (P < 0.01). MRI findings suggested altering the surgical plan in 39% of NVBs (106 of 270 NVBs). When the surgeon judged that the NVB resection was definitely not necessary (165 NVBs), MRI confirmed that decision in 138 NVBs (84%); the concordant decision was correct in 96% of the cases (133 of 138 NVBs). In 36 high‐risk patients (≥ 75% probability of extracapsular extension), MRI findings changed the surgical plan for 28 NVBs (78%); the change was found to be appropriate in 26 cases (93%).CONCLUSIONSMRI was found to significantly improve the surgeon's decision to preserve or resect the NVB during radical prostatectomy. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.