bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Translation of an existing implantable cardiac monitoring device for measurement of gastric electrical slow‐wave activity
Authors: Dowrick Jarrah M. , Jungbauer Nikolas Lisa , Offutt Sarah J. , Tremain Peter , Erickson Jonathan C. , Angeli‐Gordon Timothy R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite evidence that slow‐wave dysrhythmia in the stomach is associated with clinical conditions such as gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia, there is still no widely available device for long‐term monitoring of gastric electrical signals. Actionable biomarkers of gastrointestinal health are critically needed, and an implantable slow‐wave monitoring device could aid in the establishment of causal relationships between symptoms and gastric electrophysiology. Recent developments in the area of wireless implantable gastric monitors demonstrate potential, but additional work and validation are required before this potential can be realized.MethodsWe hypothesized that translating an existing implantable cardiac monitoring device, the Reveal LINQ™ (Medtronic), would present a more immediate solution. Following ethical approval and laparotomy in anesthetized pigs (n = 7), a Reveal LINQ was placed on the serosal surface of the stomach, immediately adjacent to a validated flexible‐printed‐circuit (FPC) electrical mapping array. Data were recorded for periods of 7.5 min, and the resultant signal characteristics from the FPC array and Reveal LINQ were compared.Key ResultsThe Reveal LINQ device recorded slow waves in 6/7 subjects with a comparable period (p = 0.69), signal‐to‐noise ratio (p = 0.58), and downstroke width (p = 0.98) to the FPC, but with reduced amplitude (p = 0.024). Qualitatively, the Reveal LINQ slow‐wave signal lacked the prolonged repolarization phase present in the FPC signals.Conclusions & InferencesThese findings suggest that existing cardiac monitors may offer an efficient solution for the long‐term monitoring of slow waves. Translation toward implantation now awaits.
ZmWAK02 encoding an RD‐WAK protein confers maize resistance against gray leaf spot
Authors: Dai Zhikang , Pi Qianyu , Liu Yutong , Hu Long , Li Bingchen , Zhang Bao , Wang Yanbo , Jiang Min , Qi Xin , Li Wenqiang , Gui Songtao , Llaca Victor , Fengler Kevin , Thatcher Shawn , Li Ziwei , Liu Xiangguo , Fan Xingming , Lai Zhibing 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Gray leaf spot (GLS) caused by Cercospora zeina or C. zeae‐maydis is a major maize disease throughout the world. Although more than 100 QTLs resistant against GLS have been identified, very few of them have been cloned.
Here, we identified a major resistance QTL against GLS, qRglsSB, explaining 58.42% phenotypic variation in SB12×SA101 BC1F1 population. By fine‐mapping, it was narrowed down into a 928 kb region. By using transgenic lines, mutants and complementation lines, it was confirmed that the ZmWAK02 gene, encoding an RD wall‐associated kinase, is the responsible gene in qRglsSB resistant against GLS.
The introgression of the ZmWAK02 gene into hybrid lines significantly improves their grain yield in the presence of GLS pressure and does not reduce their grain yield in the absence of GLS.
In summary, we cloned a gene, ZmWAK02, conferring large effect of GLS resistance and confirmed its great value in maize breeding.
Solidarity and collective issues in remote crowd work: A mixed methods study of the Amazon Mechanical Turk online forum
Authors: Hertwig Markus , Holz Manuel , Lorig Philipp 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe article deals with collective issues and emerging forms of solidarity in remote crowd work. Using the example of the Amazon Mechanical Turk platform, we analyse communication in one of the oldest online labour forums (OLF) with a mixed‐methods‐approach (web scraping, topic modelling and qualitative content analysis) over a 10‐year period. We identify six broader themes of collective relevance whose importance varies over time. The results indicate that elements of solidarity emerge as crowd workers communicate about deprivations, develop collective orientations, and invoke injustice frames. However, there are no indications of more profound collective activities, which may be due to different types of crowd workers, some of whom have conflicting orientations. We develop assumptions about restrictions of OLF in facilitating collective action and tasks for organisers. The research contributes to a better understanding of mobilisation issues in remote platform labour.
Alveolar bone remodelling and stability of mandibular incisors in adult patients after orthodontic treatment with premolar extractions: A prospective follow‐up study
Authors: Qin Qianyi , Guo Runzhi , Li Linwei , Zhu Kaixi , Su Xinyu , Zhang Liwen , Li Weiran 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate alveolar bone remodelling and stability of mandibular incisors in adult orthodontic extraction patients.Materials and MethodsCone‐beam computed tomography images of 25 adult patients undergoing extraction were collected before orthodontic treatment (T1), after orthodontic treatment (T2), and after at least 1 year of retention (T3). The labial and lingual alveolar bone heights (ABH), thickness (ABT), and tooth movement of the mandibular incisors were measured during the retraction (T2–T1) and retention (T3–T2) periods. According to the tooth movement during the retention period, the mandibular incisors were further divided into stable and unstable groups, and the correlation between L1‐BMe and stability was evaluated.ResultsThe labial and lingual ABHs significantly increased after orthodontic treatment and decreased during the retention period. The lingual ABH was 7.36 ± 2.27 mm at T2 and 5.37 ± 1.98 mm at T3, indicating a great bone remodelling capacity. The labial ABT exhibited a significant increase during orthodontic treatment and a slight decrease during the retention period, while the lingual ABT showed an opposite trend. During the retention period, the root apex moved labially into the alveolar bone housing. L1‐BMe significantly increased during orthodontic treatment and decreased during the retention period. Compared to the stable group, lingual ABH and L1‐BMe at T2 was significantly higher, and lingual ABT was smaller in the unstable group.ConclusionPost‐treatment lingual alveolar bone defects of the mandibular incisors could recover to some extent during the retention period. There was a negative correlation between post‐treatment L1‐BMe and mandibular incisor stability.
Feasibility and potential effectiveness of the IdentifEYE training programmes to address mental health problems in adults with vision impairment
Authors: van Munster Edine P. J. , van Nispen Ruth M. A. , Hoogland Jeroen , van der Aa Hilde P. A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTwo training programmes about depression and anxiety in adults with vision impairment were developed to support eye care practitioners (ECPs) and low vision service (LVS) workers in identifying and discussing mental health problems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the training programmes' potential effectiveness and feasibility.MethodsThe training programmes were offered to ECPs (n = 9) and LVS workers (n = 17). All participants completed surveys pre‐, mid‐ and post‐training, and at a 4 week follow‐up about the training programmes' content, effectiveness, feasibility and implementation. The Kirkpatrick model was used as a theoretical framework; linear mixed models were used to determine the potential effectiveness, and outcomes were explored during three focus group meetings.ResultsExpectations were met in the majority of the participants (84.6%). Post‐training, both ECPs and LVS workers reported increased confidence (β = 3.67, confidence interval (CI): 0.53–6.80; β = 4.35, CI: 1.57 to 7.14, respectively) and less barriers (β = −3.67, CI: −6.45 to −0.89; β = −1.82, CI: −4.56 to 0.91). Mental health problems were more likely addressed in both the groups (ECP β = 2.22, CI: −0.17 to 4.62; LVS β = 4.18, CI: 2.67 to 5.68), but these effects did not last in ECPs (β = −3.22, CI: −7.37 to 0.92). Variations of these learning effects between individual participants were found within both the groups, and LVS workers indicated a need to focus on their own profession. Participants provided information on how to improve the training programmes' feasibility, effectiveness and implementation.ConclusionThe training programmes seemed feasible and potentially effective. Transfer of the lessons learned into daily practice could be enhanced by, for example, specifying the training programmes for healthcare providers with the same profession, introducing microlearning and incorporating mental health management into organisation policies.
Anesthesia and intensive care unit care in pediatric kidney transplantation: An international survey
Authors: Voet Marieke , Lemson Joris , Cornelissen Marlies , Malagon Ignacio 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite the high perioperative risk profile, international guidelines for anesthesia and intensive care unit (ICU) care in pediatric kidney transplantation do not exist. Optimizing hemodynamics can be challenging in these patients, while scientific data to guide decisions in hemodynamic monitoring, hemodynamic targets, and perioperative fluid management are lacking. The limited annual number of pediatric kidney transplantations, even in reference centers, necessitates the urge for international collaboration to share knowledge and develop research and guidelines. The aim of this study was to collect data on current perioperative anesthesia and ICU care practices in pediatric kidney transplantation.MethodsAn international survey with an anonymized link was sent from a validated electronic data capture system (Castor). Inclusion criteria were: medical doctor in anesthesia, (ICU), or pediatric nephrology working in a pediatric kidney transplantation specialized center; and signed informed consent. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.ResultsThirty‐three records were analyzed. Responders were anesthesiologists (58%), pediatric nephrologists (30%), and pediatric intensivists (12%), representing 13 countries worldwide. About half of the centers (48%) performed more than 10 pediatric kidney transplantations a year.Perioperative hemodynamic support was guided by intra‐arterial blood pressure (88%), central venous pressure (CVP; 88%), and cardiac output (CO; 39%). The most variation was seen in the hemodynamic targets CVP and CO, fluid administration, and inotrope/vasopressor use. The protocolized use of furosemide (46%) and mannitol (61%) also varied between centers. Postoperative care for the youngest recipients occurred in the pediatric intensive care unit at all centers.ConclusionThe results of this survey reveal a large variation in anesthesia and ICU care in pediatric kidney transplantation centers worldwide, particularly in CVP and CO targets, hemodynamic therapy, and the use of furosemide and mannitol. These data identify areas for further research and can be a starting point for international research collaboration and guideline development.
Awareness of sun exposure risks and photoprotection for preventing pigmentary disorders in Asian populations: Survey results from three Asian countries and expert panel recommendations
Authors: Goh Chee Leok , Kang Hee Young , Morita Akimichi , Zhang Chengfeng , Wu Yan , Prakoeswa Cita Rosita Sigit , Sau Nguyen Huu , Kerob Delphine , Flament Frederic , Wei Liu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn this article, we review and discuss the photoprotection behavior of Asians based on the literature, along with a subanalysis of an original online survey, and make recommendations to optimize photoprotection for Asian populations to prevent photoaging and pigmentary disorders.MethodsAn international panel of eight dermatologists from Asia (China, Korea, Japan, Singapore, Indonesia, and Vietnam) met to discuss sunscreen photoprotection for Asian patients. Additionally, a subanalysis of an online survey by 3000 respondents from three Asian countries (China, Indonesia, and Japan) investigated general public awareness and attitudes to sun exposure.ResultsA pre‐meeting survey of the eight experts from Asia showed key concerns of Asian patients consulting dermatologists are pigmentary disorders, especially actinic/senile lentigo, post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation, melasma, vitiligo, and Hori's nevus. The survey subanalysis of participants from China, Indonesia, and Japan with predominantly Fitzpatrick skin types (FST) II to IV revealed that they are particularly concerned about sun exposure causing photoaging and pigmentary disorders. Most of the respondents indicated they have limited knowledge on sunlight radiation and appropriate sunscreen protection factors. Only 22%, 13%, and 3% for China, Indonesia, and Japan, respectively, systematically use multiple protective measures (using sunscreen, avoiding midday sun, staying in the shade, wearing a hat, protective clothing, and sunglasses) when exposed to the sun.ConclusionsFurther education is needed for Asian populations on the importance of comprehensive daily photoprotection, including broad‐spectrum sunscreen, with high UVA and visible light protection, to reduce and prevent photoaging and pigmentary disorders.
High resilience of campos rupestres plants to the interaction of drought and fire
Authors: da Silva K. C. , Brum M. , Oliveira R. S. , Barbosa B. V. , Negrão‐Rodrigues V. , Teodoro G. S. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The concurrent impacts of multiple disturbances have the potential to modify ecosystem functioning by diminishing recovery capacity and resilience. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain how plant species from tropical communities respond to the cumulative effects of drought and fire. In this study, we evaluated the responses of six plant species from campos rupestres subjected to a mild drought followed by fire and tested if plants subjected to simulated drought show reductions in carbon uptake and depletion of non‐structural carbohydrate (NSC) reserves, thus constraining their resprouting.
We monitored monthly variations in leaf gas exchange and aboveground biomass over 18 months. Subsequently, an accidental fire occurred in the study area, leading us to collect samples of belowground structures for NSC analyses on the day of the burn.
There were no differences in the frequency of resprouting between the above two conditions. Additionally, gas exchange in most species either remained stable or increased after the fire. Drought had no adverse effects on NSC reserves in the belowground structures and may have contributed to species resprouting after fire. The impact of drought pre‐conditions on post‐fire aboveground biomass was generally minor for most species, except Vellozia nivea, which displayed roughly a 5% reduction in biomass following the drought.
Our findings highlight the remarkable resilience of campos rupestres species, even after enduring 18 months of reduced water availability and an unintended fire event. These species demonstrated the capacity to maintain their physiological functions and resprouting capacities after a fire event, underscoring their strong recovery potential.
Education's impact on primary care dentists’ confidence in treating patients with special health care needs
Authors: Bonvallet Commentz Sofia , Mansilla Montenegro Julio , Bezanilla Fernandez Florencia , Arancibia Flores Ivania , Araya Salazar Javiera , Astudillo Gutierrez Daniela 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionSpecial care dentistry (SCD) is still developing in Chile. This study aimed to clarify whether primary care dentists are treating patients with special health care needs (SHCN), to know if they have had previous education on SCD (on an undergraduate or postgraduate level), whether their training level impacts their confidence when treating patients with SHCN, and to assess their opinion on SCD as a relevant topic in undergraduate education.MethodsA survey was answered by 149 primary care dentists working for the National Health Service of the Valparaiso region in Chile, including information on their daily clinical practice, undergraduate, and postgraduate training in SCD, and their opinions on them.ResultsMost interviewees would like to complement their training and believed that SCD should be formally incorporated into undergraduate programs. There was a significant association between confidence in treating patients with SHCN and the rating of their undergraduate training, and between confidence and the number of hours of continuous development courses.ConclusionMost primary care dentists treat patients with SHCN regularly. Therefore, including training in the undergraduate curriculum and afterward becomes necessary to increase their confidence when facing this challenging group of patients.
Stewardship and everyday governance: Managing materialities in a south‐eastern village community, Estonia
Authors: Kasemets Kadri 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article examines landscape stewardship from the perspective of landscape biography and focuses on different outcomes on how individual and collective stewardship connected to local place attachment and historic understandings are leveraged as local knowledge in sustaining locally important landscapes. The analysis is based on semi‐structured interviews with local people and active residents in three neighbouring villages of south‐eastern Estonia. Particular attention is paid to their place attachment and self‐actualisation in landscape materialities, such as housing, village centre, water bodies and village borders. To bring the diverse types of knowledge connected to landscape stewardship to the forefront, the study suggests careful differentiation between neo‐endogenous community governance and place‐based wisdom of local stakeholders. This differentiation indicates that stewardship should be identified as a micro‐policy term that is oriented towards a collective platform of the information exchange for local capacity building. This would lead to multiple and resilient place‐based know‐how related to territories, political networks and associated land use discourses.
Competition policy and firm productivity: Quasi‐experimental evidence from China
Authors: Chen Yihao , Ding Siying , Liu Yongzheng , Ye Guangliang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChina enacted the Anti‐Monopoly Law in 2008. This law is deemed a milestone of competition policy to improve market efficiency in the country. This paper builds a theoretical model and applies a difference‐in‐differences method using a firm‐level dataset of the 1998–2015 period to examine the impact of this law on firm productivity. We show that the enactment of this law significantly increased the total factor productivity (TFP) of the firms. The results are shown to be robust across alternative definitions of the treatment variable and alternative measures of productivity. Finally, we show that the productivity effect of this law tends to be stronger among state‐owned enterprises than private/foreign firms and large firms than small firms.
Vision outcomes in dogs with primary glaucoma surgically treated with lensectomy and endolaser cyclophotocoagulation after an Ahmed valve gonioimplantation failure
Authors: Turicea Bactelius , Munevar Christian L. , Edwards Sydney G. , Linton Lana L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate vision outcomes of dogs with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) that underwent Ahmed valve gonioimplantation (AVG) followed by lensectomy and endolaser cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) with or without bleb resection after AVG failure.ProcedureMedical records from 2008 to April 2022 were reviewed. All patients selected had an AVG performed first. Following valve failure, lensectomy–ECP was performed in addition to bleb resection as indicated. Additional ECP and AVG replacement surgeries were performed as deemed medically necessary. Main outcomes evaluated included vision preservation, average IOP reduction, and the number of glaucoma medications (both oral and topical) at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months.ResultsFourteen eyes from 13 patients were included in the study. Females were predominant (n = 9) compared with males (n = 4). Mean age at initial glaucoma diagnosis was 6.82 years. Following AVG and lensectomy–ECP, vision was preserved in 93%, 84%, 60%, and 48% of eyes at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years respectively. Following lensectomy–ECP, there was a significant reduction in mean IOP of 9.64 mmHg (p = .015) and 9.71 mmHg (p = .016) at 2 and 6 months, respectively. There was a reduction in mean IOP of 2.45, 7.25, and 12.25 mmHg at 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively, which was not statistically significant. There was a significant decrease in the number of glaucoma medications at all evaluated time points except 24 months.ConclusionsCombined AVG and lensectomy–ECP is successful in maintaining vision long term as well as decreasing IOP, and the number of glaucoma medications administered.
Exploring the role of the Kölliker–Fuse nucleus in breathing variability by mathematical modelling
Authors: John S. R. , Barnett W. H. , Abdala A. P. L. , Zoccal D. B. , Rubin J. E. , Molkov Y. I. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Kölliker–Fuse nucleus (KF), which is part of the parabrachial complex, participates in the generation of eupnoea under resting conditions and the control of active abdominal expiration when increased ventilation is required. Moreover, dysfunctions in KF neuronal activity are believed to play a role in the emergence of respiratory abnormalities seen in Rett syndrome (RTT), a progressive neurodevelopmental disorder associated with an irregular breathing pattern and frequent apnoeas. Relatively little is known, however, about the intrinsic dynamics of neurons within the KF and how their synaptic connections affect breathing pattern control and contribute to breathing irregularities. In this study, we use a reduced computational model to consider several dynamical regimes of KF activity paired with different input sources to determine which combinations are compatible with known experimental observations. We further build on these findings to identify possible interactions between the KF and other components of the respiratory neural circuitry. Specifically, we present two models that both simulate eupnoeic as well as RTT‐like breathing phenotypes. Using nullcline analysis, we identify the types of inhibitory inputs to the KF leading to RTT‐like respiratory patterns and suggest possible KF local circuit organizations. When the identified properties are present, the two models also exhibit quantal acceleration of late‐expiratory activity, a hallmark of active expiration featuring forced exhalation, with increasing inhibition to KF, as reported experimentally. Hence, these models instantiate plausible hypotheses about possible KF dynamics and forms of local network interactions, thus providing a general framework as well as specific predictions for future experimental testing.
imageKey points
The Kölliker–Fuse nucleus (KF), a part of the parabrachial complex, is involved in regulating normal breathing and controlling active abdominal expiration during increased ventilation.
Dysfunction in KF neuronal activity is thought to contribute to respiratory abnormalities seen in Rett syndrome (RTT). This study utilizes computational modelling to explore different dynamical regimes of KF activity and their compatibility with experimental observations.
By analysing different model configurations, the study identifies inhibitory inputs to the KF that lead to RTT‐like respiratory patterns and proposes potential KF local circuit organizations.
Two models are presented that simulate both normal breathing and RTT‐like breathing patterns.
These models provide testable hypotheses and specific predictions for future experimental investigations, offering a general framework for understanding KF dynamics and potential network interactions.