bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photo-induced grease/oil switched lubricant for friction regulation
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Tang Shuangxi , Ma Liran , Tian Yu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractControllable friction regulation has drawn much interest in both scientific and industrial fields. And there have been many researches on friction regulation by many physical fields and chemical factors. Photo-sensitive materials are promising because it is relatively easy to change their properties compared with others. Here, a new kind of photo-induced grease/oil switched lubricant is designed and shows great reversibility under ultraviolet (UV) and visible (Vis) irradiation. Its viscosity can change more than 50 times under different irradiation, and the coefficients of friction (COFs) obviously increase under Vis irradiation and decrease under UV irradiation, which performs better than those of the common grease. According to the experimental results, the phenomena are contributed to the break and reconstruction of the three-dimensional network inside the lubricant. With a switchable grease/oil state under different irradiation, this work provides a new principle for designing a smart lubricant with controllable friction regulation.
A novel polyionic liquid with lubricity and viscosity-increasing dual functionalities as the additive in aqueous lubrication system
Authors: Yu Bo , Zou Kun , Wang Rui , Chen Qiang , Dong Rui , Liu Xiao , Zhang Jiaying , Lv Wenquan , Yu Qiangliang , Cai Meirong , Zhou Feng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe polyionic liquid poly-PEGMA-r-METAC (PPM) with quaternary ammonium has been synthesized and evaluated as additive in aqueous lubricating fluids. The rheological behavior of aqueous lubricating fluids with PPM has been characterized to confirm PPM’s function as a viscosity modifier. The tribological behavior of aqueous lubricating fluids with PPM has been investigated on SRV-V and MTM testing machines. It was found that PPM has excellent viscosity-increasing, lubricating, and anti-wear properties as an additive for aqueous, which can be attributed to the ability of PPM to form the protective film and boundary tribofilm generated from complex tribochemical reaction on rubbing surface. The obtained PPM with dual functions of anti-corrosion additives and viscosity index improver can play an important role in diverse lubrication regimes.
Bayesian inference-based wear prediction method for plain bearings under stationary mixed-friction conditions
Authors: König Florian , Wirsing Florian , Jacobs Georg , He Rui , Tian Zhigang , Zuo Ming J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study introduces a method to predict the remaining useful life (RUL) of plain bearings operating under stationary, wear-critical conditions. In this method, the transient wear data of a coupled elastohydrodynamic lubrication (mixed-EHL) and wear simulation approach is used to parametrize a statistical, linear degradation model. The method incorporates Bayesian inference to update the linear degradation model throughout the runtime and thereby consider the transient, system-dependent wear progression within the RUL prediction. A case study is used to show the suitability of the proposed method. The results show that the method can be applied to three distinct types of post-wearing-in behavior: wearing-in with subsequent hydrodynamic, stationary wear, and progressive wear operation. While hydrodynamic operation leads to an infinite lifetime, the method is successfully applied to predict RUL in cases with stationary and progressive wear.
Testing and modelling of transient adhesion phenomena in rolling-sliding contacts
Authors: Kvarda Daniel , Meierhofer Alexander , Six Klaus 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTransient adhesion effects in rolling–sliding contacts influence all aspects of train–track interaction. This is of high importance specifically when these effects result in critically low adhesion, which poses a risk to traction and braking of railway vehicles. This study presents a model that can replicate the transient changes of the coefficient of adhesion with tested water and solid particle mix. The experimental data for the model are measured using a commercial ball-on-disc tribometer. The experimental results showed a liquid reservoir in front of the contact area that slowly reduces in size. This observation was used in the modelling approach to divide the calculation into two stages where the reservoir is present and when it disappears. The model was able to reproduce the occurrence of low adhesion region seen in experimental results with different particle concentrations.
N self‐doped multifunctional chitosan biochar-based microsphere with heterogeneous interfaces for self-powered supercapacitors to drive overall water splitting
Authors: Yan Chunxia , Yang Yaqi , Wei Jie , Hou Jianhua , Shao Ziqiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDue to the rising need for clean and renewable energy, green materials including biochar are becoming increasingly popular in the field of energy storage and conversion. However, the lack of highly active and stable electrode materials hinders the development of stable energy supplies and efficient hydrogen production devices. Herein, we fabricated stable, conductive, and multifunctional chitosan microspheres by a facile emulsion crosslinking solution growth and hydrothermal sulphuration methods as multifunctional electrodes for overall water splitting driven by supercapacitors. This material possessed three-dimensional layered conductors with favorable heterojunction interface, ample hollow and porous structures. It presented remarkably enhanced electrochemical and catalytic activity for both supercapacitors and overall water electrolysis. The asymmetric supercapacitors based on chitosan biochar microsphere achieved high specific capacitance (260.9 F g−1 at 1 A g−1) and high energy density (81.5W h kg−1) at a power density of 978.4 W kg−1. The chitosan biochar microsphere as an electrode for electrolyze only required a low cell voltage of 1.49 V to reach a current density of 10 mA cm−2, and achieved excellent stability with 30 h continuous test at 20 mA cm−2. Then, we assembled a coupled energy storage device and hydrogen production system, the SCs as a backup power source availably guaranteed the continuous operation of overall water electrolysis. Our study provides valuable perspectives into the practical design of both integrated biochar-based electrode materials and coupled energy storage devices with energy conversion and storage in practical.
Graphical Abstract
Waste bio-tar based N-doped porous carbon for supercapacitors under dual activation: performance, mechanism, and assessment
Authors: Jia Jixiu , Sun Yuxuan , Liu Zhidan , Liu Ziyun , Huo Lili , Kang Kang , Zhao Yanan , Zhao Lixin , Xie Teng , Cao Maojiong , Yao Zonglu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBio-tar extra-produced from biomass pyrolysis is prone to pose a threat to environment and human health. A novel N-doped porous electrode from bio-tar was produced under dual-activation of urea and KOH in this study. One-pot dual-activation played significant roles in N-functional group and micro-mesoporous structure, which resulted in the carbon material with the highest of nitrogen content (4.08%) and the special surface area (1298.26 m2·g−1). Specifically, the potential mechanisms of pore formation and N-doping in the one-pot dual-activation strategy were also proposed as a consequence, the one-pot dual-activated carbon material displayed excellent electrochemical performance with the highest capacitance of 309.5 F·g−1 at 0.5 A·g−1, and the unipolar specific capacitance remained with cyclic characteristics of 80.1% after 10,000 cycles in two-electrode symmetric system. Furthermore, the one-pot dual-activation strategy could create a profit of $1.64–$2.38 per kilogram of bio-tar processed without considering the initial investment and labor costs, which provides new perspectives for the utilization of waste bio-tar.
Graphical Abstract
From Simplistic to Systemic Sustainability in the Textile and Fashion Industry
Authors: Sahimaa Olli , Miller Elizabeth M. , Halme Minna , Niinimäki Kirsi , Tanner Hannu , Mäkelä Mikko , Rissanen Marja , Härri Anna , Hummel Michael 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe fast fashion industry is notorious for wicked environmental and social problems, such as exploitative resource use, high amounts of waste, excessive pollution, below-living wages and unsafe working conditions. Addressing these problems calls for a systemic view on the industry with the goal of minimising the intake of natural resources into the system as well as the output of waste. However, thus far, most solution attempts have turned out simplistic and insufficient to nudge the industry to more sustainable practices at scale. We examine the textile and fashion system at the three different levels—the product, industry and socio-ecological system levels—and show the inadequacy of the current sustainability-driven practices in the field. As an alternative, we propose systemic solutions, geared toward long material and product lifetimes, that have the potential to trigger adaptive responses throughout different actors in the system and across all three levels. These systemic solutions operationalise a circular value retention hierarchy coupled with a sufficiency-based consumption philosophy.
A numerical study on the nonlinear fractional Klein–Gordon equation
Authors: Mulimani Mallanagoud , Kumbinarasaiah S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article helps to develop a numerical approach based on Fibonacci wavelets for solving fractional Klein-Gordan equations (FKGEs). The FKGEs are solved with Caputo-type fractional derivative. Using the definition of Fibonacci wavelets, we constructed the operational matrices of integration. These operational matrices of integration led to the development of the collocation method called the Fibonacci wavelet collocation method (FWCM). This method transforms the given nonlinear partial differential equation into a system of nonlinear algebraic equations using collocation points to determine the unknown coefficients. By substituting the unknown coefficients in the method, we obtained the numerical solution of the present approach. We furnish the different error norms for the present technique. The obtained results are compared with the Clique polynomial method. These findings demonstrate the computational attractiveness, efficiency, effectiveness, reliability, and robustness of the proposed method for addressing a variety of physical models in science and engineering.
Enhancing mechanical and corrosion performance of TiN PVD-coated tool steels through PAN pre-treatment
Authors: Dadfar M. , Pour H. R. Khandan , Sanvito T. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMechanical properties of plasma-assisted nitrided (PAN), TiN cathodic arc coated, and PAN with TiN coated samples were thoroughly evaluated on tool steel samples of 1.2379. The evaluation involved SEM, nano-indentation, profilometer, micro scratch, and corrosion tests. The results revealed that PAN treatment alters the roughness of the surface, while it has minimal impact on the coefficient of friction. However, it increases the substrate's hardness, making it twice as hard and three times more resilient against scratch tests, along with improved corrosion resistance. TiN-coated samples are four times harder than untreated ones, but they exhibit a higher elastic modulus (E), leading to a lower H/E index. The most promising results were obtained with PAN + TiN treatment, combining high hardness (H) with lower E, resulting in a high H/E index, a crucial criterion for wear resistance. These samples also demonstrated superior scratch hardness and corrosion resistance, despite being thinner and rougher.
The observed trend in unusual daily mean temperatures over Germany from 1949 to 2018 and their relationships to major climatic drivers
Authors: Yulizar Yulizar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUnusual events are detected by the statistical changes in ‘extremes’, when extreme anomalies persist through the temporal and spatial interactions of the variable of interest. To identify the occurrences of unusual daily mean temperature events in 3- and 5-day sequences, a statistical method based on an “outlyingness” function is proposed in this study. This function is based on the geometrical position of a point on the multivariate set. To illustrate the methodology, this study uses daily mean temperature records from 18 observation stations across Germany (1949–2018). The findings indicate discernible changes in the frequency of unusual events at the stations, mostly during the boreal winter months between the first and last 35 years of the study period. A wide range of temperature anomaly averages (− 12 °C to + 12 °C) are produced by the interaction of series between warm and cold conditions, which affects the occurrence of disappearing days. While this is happening, the unusual warming is more pronounced on days that emerge from both the 3- and 5-day sequences, with temperature anomaly averages ranging from + 4 to + 12 °C. The Atlantic Multi-Decadal Variability and the Arctic Oscillation/North Atlantic Oscillation, respectively, are both implicated in the unusual surface warming over Germany. The disappearance days of unusual events do not exhibit statistically significant correlations with climatic indices, suggesting a possible anthropogenic effect. The emphasis of this study is on the necessity of determining whether unusual events in daily temperature anomalies across Germany can be attributed to anthropogenic factors.
LC‒MS/MS and transcriptome analyses reveal saliva components of the seed-feeding truebug Pyrrhocoris apterus
Authors: Lin Qian , Wu Hui-Jie , Liu Zhuo-Qi , Wan Yi , Xu Hai-Jun , Zhang Jin-Li 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSaliva secretion is essential for successful feeding by piercing–sucking insects. Despite extensive studies of the saliva composition of phloem- and blood-feeding insects, less is known about the oral secretions of seed-feeding insects. The firebug Pyrrhocoris apterus is a polyphagous insect that feeds primarily on dry seeds of various plant species. Here, liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC‒MS/MS) was used to identify 165 P. apterus salivary proteins, including 110 gelling-specific proteins, 24 watery-specific proteins, and 31 proteins common to both groups. Transcriptomic analysis of saliva glands identified 567 potential salivary proteins, of which 87 overlapped with those detected by LC‒MS/MS. Comparative analysis showed that 98 out of 165 (59.4%) P. apterus saliva proteins were associated with extra-oral digestion and detoxification and had homologs in ten other species of arthropods examined. In addition, 67 proteins were specific to P. apterus, of which 22 proteins were defined with unknown functions. RNA interference-mediated gene silencing assays indicated that P. apterus-specific proteins were vital for P. apterus survival. Our findings shed light on the function of salivary proteins in feeding by seed-feeding insects and the evolution of feeding habits in piercing–sucking insects.
Assessing Peer Influence on Farmers’ Climate Adaptations: An Experimental Adoption of Index Insurance and Savings in Uzbekistan
Authors: Moritz Laura , Kuhn Lena , Bobojonov Ihtiyor , Glauben Thomas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractStrengthening climate resilience requires farmers to select climate adaptation strategies like weather index insurance. Acknowledging that decision-making is not isolated, this study explores simultaneous peer imitation in climate adaptation choices consisting of index insurance, savings, and their interaction. We present results from a lab-in-the-field experiment that introduces innovative index insurance. Findings indicate significant and strong imitation attitudes. While the bigger peer surrounding seems relevant in the static perspective, the closer surrounding gains importance in the dynamic perspective. Additionally, credit, trust, and practical understanding stimulate adoption. Community-based extension interventions and credit-bundled products may increase index insurance diffusion and improve climate resilience.
Machine learning and feature selection: Applications in economics and climate change
Authors: Akyapı Berkay 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFeature selection is an important component of machine learning for researchers that are confronted with high dimensional data. In the field of economics, researchers are often faced with high dimensional data, particularly in the studies that aim to understand the channels through which climate change affects the welfare of countries. This work reviews the current literature that introduces various feature selection algorithms that may be useful for applications in this area of study. The article first outlines the specific problems that researchers face in understanding the effects of climate change on countries’ macroeconomic outcomes, and then provides a discussion regarding different categories of feature selection. Emphasis is placed on two main feature selection algorithms: Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator and causality-based feature selection. I demonstrate an application of feature selection to discover the optimal heatwave definition for economic outcomes, enhancing our understanding of extreme temperatures’ impact on the economy. I argue that the literature in computer science can provide useful insights in studies concerned with climate change as well as its economic outcomes.
Bronchoscopy-related outbreaks and pseudo-outbreaks: A systematic review
Authors: Kakoullis Loukas , Economidou Sofia , Mehrotra Preeti , Panos George , Karampitsakos Theodoros , Stratakos Grigorios , Tzouvelekis Argyrios , Sampsonas Fotios 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjective:To identify and report the pathogens and sources of contamination associated with bronchoscopy-related outbreaks and pseudo-outbreaks.Design:Systematic review.Setting:Inpatient and outpatient outbreaks and pseudo-outbreaks after bronchoscopy.Methods:PubMed/Medline databases were searched according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, using the search terms “bronchoscopy,” “outbreak,” and “pseudo-outbreak” from inception until December 31, 2022. From eligible publications, data were extracted regarding the type of event, pathogen involved, and source of contamination. Pearson correlation was used to identify correlations between variables.Results:In total, 74 studies describing 23 outbreaks and 52 pseudo-outbreaks were included in this review. The major pathogens identified in these studies were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Legionella pneumophila, and fungi. The primary sources of contamination were the use of contaminated water or contaminated topical anesthetics, dysfunction and contamination of bronchoscopes or automatic endoscope reprocessors, and inadequate disinfection of the bronchoscopes following procedures. Correlations were identified between primary bronchoscope defects and the identification of P. aeruginosa (r = 0.351; P = .002) and K. pneumoniae (r = 0.346; P = .002), and between the presence of a contaminated water source and NTM (r = 0.331; P = .004) or L. pneumophila (r = 0.280; P = .015).Conclusions:Continued vigilance in bronchoscopy disinfection practices remains essential because outbreaks and pseudo-outbreaks continue to pose a significant risk to patient care, emphasizing the importance of stringent disinfection and quality control measures.
International charitable connections: Variation in the countries of operation of overseas charities
Authors: McDonnell Diarmuid , Clifford David 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCharities are long-established and increasingly prominent non-state actors in social policy. However, these organisations remain understudied within social policy research, particularly their presence in the delivery of global social policy. This paper provides new cross-national evidence about charities operating internationally. It makes use of a comprehensive administrative dataset covering the country of operation of every overseas charity registered in England and Wales, Australia, and Canada. The international connections of charities are extensive, and these organisations are much more likely to work in countries with shared colonial and linguistic ties, and less likely to work in those with poor governance or high levels of corruption. This paper goes beyond a binary focus on either “developing” or “developed” country contexts, and provides insight into the international connections of “non-elite” as well as “elite” social policy actors.
Partisan Stereotyping and Polarization in Brazil
Authors: Samuels David , Mello Fernando , Zucco Cesar 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTIn recent decades, Brazilian voters have grown polarized between supporters of the Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party, PT), known as petistas, and its opponents, known as antipetistas. What explains this animosity? One potential source of polarization is partisan stereotyping, a tendency for partisans to misperceive the social composition of both their own side’s bases of support as well as their opponents’. We show that most Brazilians overestimate the extent to which petistas and antipetistas belong to party-stereotypical groups such as Afro-Brazilians, evangelical Christians, or poor or rich people. We then show that stereotyping is associated with polarization: the greater the bias in perceived partisan group composition, the greater the perceptions of partisan political extremism and feelings of social distance toward the partisan out-group.
Turkish Nationalism, Egalitarianism, and Social Policy: The Compulsory Public Service of Physicians
Authors: Cörüt İlker 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article examines how the Turkish political elites have responded to the uneven geographical distribution of physicians. This has been a chronic problem in health care provision, with physicians concentrated in the urban areas of western Anatolia at the cost of rural areas and the east, especially the Kurdish southeast. Successive Turkish governments have employed compulsory service laws as major policy tools to tackle this distribution problem. Legislative discussions about these laws have revolved around the idea of a unitary Turkey, the Turkish nation, and how to close the gap between the idealized imaginary of these and the defective reality. Drawing on Kojin Karatani’s mode-of-exchange framework, this study examines the legislative process on the distribution problem through the history of the post-Ottoman republic to the present. It identifies Turkish nationalism centered on state and on commodity exchange as two variants giving shape to the response to the problem. This analysis also contributes to our understanding of the weakness of social citizenship in Turkey. It is argued that Turkish nationalism—specifically, its state-centered version—operates by interpellating Turkish citizens as indebted to the nation-state, thereby hindering the development of the notion of the rights-bearing citizen.