bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison and Optimization of Two Methods for Retinal Examination in Premature Infants
Authors: Liu Tian , Chen Wensi , Xiang Daoman 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose: To analyze and compare the clinical performance of Binocular Indirect Ophthalmoscope (BIO) and Wide-Field Fundus Imaging System (Retcam) in diagnosing Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP), summarized the advantages and disadvantages of each method and proposed an optimization strategy.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective case study was conducted on preterm infants screened for ROP in the outpatient and inpatient from 2020 to 2021. Two ophthalmologists performed BIO and Retcam3 fundus examination, and the examinationers recorded the clinical diagnosis respectively. Then three experts combined the BIO and Retcam results to give the definite diagnosis as the gold standard in this study. The main outcomes of diagnostic effectiveness were compared between these two methods and gold standard in the zone, stage, plus disease and lesion range in ROP.
Results: A total of 796 eyes of 398 preterm infants (mean weight 1323.8g, mean gestational age 29.8 weeks) were enrolled for both BIO and Retcam fundus examination. BIO and Retcam had high effectiveness in evaluating ROP in zones, stages and presence or absence of plus disease (all p > 0.05). The cases of misdiagnosis by Retcam was mainly located in zone III stage 1. Compared with gold standard, BIO was slightly less effective in accurately locating the lesion range (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Although BIO and Retcam had shown high diagnostic effectiveness in clinical performance, they had their respective shortcomings. BIO was limited by the visual field area when diagnosing lesion range, while Retcam sometimes lacks clarity or stereo sense in fundus examination images in evaluating the stage and presence of plus disease. In addition, we confirmed the feasibility of combining the results of BIO and Retcam for the clinical diagnosis of ROP, and provided a way to consider the characteristics of the two methods comprehensively and optimize the selection according to the actual clinical situation.
Evaluation of ABO Blood Groups System with Infection to Hepatitis C Virus: A Tertiary Hospital Study in India
Authors: Manasa Kavi , Pattnaik Gurudutta , Rao Y. Madhusudan , Behera Sarat Kumar , Behera Amulyaratna 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

People with certain blood groups and Rh positive are more prone to infections transmitted by blood transfusion. The aim of this research was to survey the accompaniment of ABO Blood Group System and Rh type with infection to hepatitis C virus in India. This was a retrospective study in patients during October 2019-March 2022 in India. The population of blood donors was tested for blood borne infections, including HCV. Logistic regression was used and collected data were analyzed using SPSS v.16. A total number of 901 people referred to the organization for donating blood during aforementioned years. Of these, 224 people had a history of hepatitis C disease, including 189 unmarried persons and the rest were married. 167 individuals were males and 57 individuals were females. People who had viral diseases were comprised of 76 persons with negative Rh and 148 positive persons with Rh. Future aims should include studies into blood groups and Rh types, according to the results of this study, in order to avoid the spread of blood-borne infections. Furthermore, further study is needed to establish the particular blood kinds that provide an elevated danger for classified donors.
Global Trends in the Research and Development of Petrochemical Waste Gas from 1981 to 2022
Authors: Wu Mengting , Liu Wei , Ma Zhifei , Qin Tian , Chen Zhiqin , Zhang Yalan , Cao Ning , Xie Xianchuan , Chi Sunlin , Xu Jinying , Qi Yi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
As a highly energy-intensive and carbon-emitting industry with significant emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the petroleum and chemical industry is a major contributor to global greenhouse effect and ozone layer destruction. Improper treatment of petrochemical waste gas (PWG) seriously harms human health and the natural environment. This study uses CiteSpace and VOSviewer to conduct a scientometric analysis of 1384 scholarly works on PWG and carbon sequestration published between 1981 and 2022, revealing the basic characteristics, knowledge base, research topic evolution, and research hotspots of the field. The results show: 1) In the early stages of the petrochemical industry, it was combustion flue gas, not process tail gas or plant leakage waste gas, that was given the top priority in PWG research. 2) Later, researchers studied the emission model of PWG (such as VOCs) and the treatment and recovery technology of PWG (condensation, pyrolysis, membrane separation, and adsorption methods). Pyrolysis is one of the main treatment methods for PWG at present, but insufficient combustion may lead to secondary pollution. 3) In recent years, research has centered on using new energy to replace fossil energy to reduce the PWG and carbon emissions of the petrochemical industry in the context of the Paris Agreement, and the number of publications related to this topic has increased rapidly. The results of our analysis can provide funding agencies and research groups with information to better understand the global trends and directions that have emerged in this field from 1981 to 2022 and serve as a reference for future research.
Transnational Inequities in Cardiovascular Diseases from 1990 to 2019：exploration based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Hu Ben , Feng Jun , Wang Yuhui , Hou Linlin , Fan Yinguang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: To describe the burden and examine transnational inequities in overall cardiovascular disease (CVD) and ten specific CVDs across different levels of societal development.
Methods: Estimates of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for each disease and their 95% uncertainty intervals (UI) were extracted from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD). Inequalities in the distribution of CVD burdens were quantified using two standard metrics, including the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Concentration Index.
Results: Between 1990 and 2019, there was a varied age and gender distribution of cases and rates of DALYs for global CVD. For overall CVD, the SII changed from 3760.40 (95% CI: 3758.26 to 3756.53) in 1990 to 3400.38 (95% CI: 3398.64 to 3402.13) in 2019. For ischemic heart disease, it shifted from 2833.18 (95% CI: 2831.67 to 2834.69) in 1990 to 1560.28 (95% CI: 1559.07 to 1561.48) in 2019. Regarding endocarditis, the figures shifted from -4.50 (95% CI: -4.64 to -4.36) in 1990 to 16.00 (95% CI: 15.88 to 16.12) in 2019. As for rheumatic heart disease, the data transitioned from -345.95 (95% CI: (-346.47 to -345.42)) in 1990 to -204.34 (95% CI: -204.67 to -204.01) in 2019. Moreover, the Concentration Index for overall CVD and each specific type also varied from 1990 to 2019.
Conclusions: There's significant heterogeneity in the global DALYs case and rate distribution by age and gender for ten specific CVDs. Countries with higher levels of societal development bear the brunt of the CVD burden, with the extent of inequality intensifying over time.
A Transfer Learning-Based Deep Learning Model for Automated Breast Cancer Identification in Mammograms
Authors: katiyar preeti 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Breast cancer is a severe health issue that affects women all over the world, underscoring the need for reliable and effective screening techniques. The early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of breast cancer are made possible by computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) systems that rely on mammograms. This study introduces a unique deep-learning model that uses transfer learning to identify and categorize breast cancer automatically. Deep convolutional neural networks have been shown in several recent studies to diagnose breast cancer in mammograms with performance comparable to or even outperforming that of human experts. In order to extract features from the dataset from the Mammographic Image Analysis Society (MIAS), the proposed model uses pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures like ResNet50 and Visual Geometry Group networks (VGG)-16. This novel deep-learning model holds significant potential for enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of breast cancer detection and classification.
Seroconversion and prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen among vaccinated health care workers in Ashanti Region, Ghana
Authors: Obeng Michael Agyemang , Okwan Daniel Kobina , Adankwah Ernest , Owusu Pisco Kofi , Gyamerah Samuel Asante , Duah Kluivert Boakye , Painstil Ellis Kobina 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Health care workers (HCWs) constantly stand a high risk of exposure to the hepatitis B virus because of the nature of their work. Hence, it is mandatory for HCWs to undergo hepatitis B vaccination. However, most HCWs in Ghana do not check their HBsAb titre after completion of their primary vaccination. This study assessed the prevalence of HBsAg and the seroconversion rate among vaccinated health care workers in the Ashanti Region, Ghana.
Materials and methods
A semi-structured open-ended questionnaire was pretested and administered to 424 HCWs. Two (2) ml of blood was drawn and qualitative analyses (HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBcAb) were done on the blood samples. Samples that tested positive to HBsAb were quantified using ELISA. Data obtained were analysed using GraphPad Prism 9.
Results
Out of the 424 study participants, 271 (63.9%) were females and 153 (36.1%) were males. Seroconversion (≥ 1 mIU/mL) and seroprotection (≥ 10 mIU/mL) through vaccination only among study participants were 67.5% (n/N = 286/424) and 58.0% (n/N = 246/424) respectively. Prevalence of hepatitis B viral infection was 2.4% (n/N = 10/424). Anti-HBc sero-positivity was 13.2% and anti-HBs seronegativity was 24.1%. 2.4% (n/N = 10/424) of study participants were negative to HBsAg but positive to HBcAb. Additional 8.5% (n/N = 36/424) of the study participants were seroprotected due to exposure and recovery from previous HBV infection. Age, the number of doses received, taking a booster dose and keeping a vaccination record card were significant factors influencing seroconversion status.
Conclusion
This study reaffirms the need for HCWs to undergo a supervised primary hepatitis B vaccination course. Post-vaccination serological testing should be done for all HWCs to confirm immunity and to reduce their chances of contracting HBV infection.
As exportações brasileiras à luz da economia política internacional: tensões e oportunidades
Authors: Da Silveira Daniel Claudy , Allebrandt Sérgio Luís , Sczmanski Andrei Cossetin Sczmanski , Biagini Diones da Silveira 
Published: December 2023

Este estudo teve como meta analisar as barreiras sanitárias e fitossanitárias sobre os volumes das exportações de carne bovina brasileira sob a luz da economia política mundial. Neste sentido elencou-se um resgate aos pensadores clássicos da economia sob a ótica da economia política para o crescimento da agricultura, as barreiras não-tarifárias e o seu histórico, bem como sua conceituação, as medidas do acordo sanitário e fitossanitário (SPS) e a evolução da produção e do comércio de carne bovina no Brasil. Como resultado, constatou-se que no período analisado a imposição de barreiras sanitárias e fitossanitárias não reduziu a competitividade brasileira nas exportações de carne bovina, visto que o país decorreu de alternativas para a manutenção de seu potencial e suas vantagens competitivas exportadoras. Deste modo é elencado o perfil organizacional do sistema produtivo, com abertura de novos mercados visando à compensação das restrições impostas por países em relação ao surgimento da febre aftosa no país.
Palavras-chave: Barreiras Não-tarifárias; Economia Política; Vantagens Competitivas; Exportações Brasileiras; Carne Bovina.
Impact of different electrodes, mediators, and microbial cultures on wastewater treatment and power generation in the microbial desalination cell (MDC)
Authors: Majumder Shobhan , D. Istalingamurthy , B. M. Sadashiva Murthy , B. M. Prakash 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Microbial desalination cell (MDC) can treat wastewater and saline water simultaneously and generate power. The aim of the present research work was to identify the critical factors influencing COD reduction and power generation from the MDC reactor and to optimize the control parameters. The experimental study was conducted by using medium to high-strength wastewater from distillery and brewery industry in batch-wise operation. The maximum voltage of 702 mV and current of 2.16 mA were observed for the carbon brush electrode. The mediated aeration process with the presence of potassium ferricyanide was reported in 87% COD reduction and 992 mV voltage generation. The presence of the microbial culture provided 82% COD reduction and 51% TDS reduction. The maximum current density (CD) of 0.04 mA/cm2 was observed for carbon brush, and a maximum power density (PD) of 15.56 mW/cm2 was found with aeration and potassium ferricyanide mediator. This study provided insight towards the impact of the electrode materials and the effects of mediator, aeration, and microbial culture on MDC performance.
Lifestyle Intervention for Diabetes Remission: A Paradigm Shift in
Diabetes Care and Management
Authors: Tripathi Pramod , Kathrikolly Thejas R. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Remission is often considered the ultimate goal in Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) management
and care. Although metabolic surgery is the conventional choice to achieve remission, substantial
evidence suggests the possibility of T2D remission through lifestyle interventions. In this context,
the current perspective explores recent scientific advancements in lifestyle intervention for diabetes
remission and also emphasises its clinical applicability as a pragmatic approach to diabetes management.
The perspective further provides additional evidence on remission from the authors' own
research findings in the Indian population. We propose that a holistic lifestyle intervention approach
- individualised diet plan, exercise protocol, and psychological intervention – may be a benchmark
protocol to achieve T2D remission.
Moisture Determination in CO2 Gas Cylinders for Application in Annulus Gas
Monitoring Systems of Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs)
Authors: Raje Naina , Kolay Siddhartha 
Published: December 2023

Background::
Critical monitoring of moisture content in annulus gas is required due to its detrimental effect on the pressure tube, leading to surface corrosion and
finally the rupture of the pressure tube.

Methods and Results::
The present work describes a simple and reliable thermo-analytical method for the quantitative determination of moisture in CO2 gas cylinders,
using anhydrous barium chloride as the novel adsorbent material and simultaneous. Thermogravimetry - Differential Thermal Analysis - Evolved
Gas Analysis (Fourier Transformed InfraRed Spectroscopy) [TG-DTA-EGA(FTIR)] as determination techniques.

Conclusion::
Conclusion:
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) coupled with Microscopy has been used to see the surface morphological variations during the heat
treatment. The results of these studies are being discussed here.
Digitalis Purpurea: Hope for Myocardial Infarction Induced by Obesity - A
Review
Authors: Passi Kusum , Kumar Ranjeet , Khurana Dipasha , Dhanda Naman 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Digitalis purpurea L. belongs to the Scrophulariaceae family. The most significant is digitoxin, a very toxic substance that builds up in the body
and is impenetrable in water. For millennia, people have utilized the medication Digitalis to treat cardiac problems induced by obesity. External
triggers like strenuous exercise, emotional stress, eating, exposure to extreme weather, sexual activity, coffee and alcohol consumption, and use of
cocaine or marijuana temporarily increase the risk of having a myocardial infarction. A person's genetic makeup influences disease progression, the
presence of chronic risk factors, and lifestyle choices. Despite various educational programs, the fight against obesity does not appear to be
successful. According to WHO (World Health Organisation) statistics, 13 percent of adults over the age of 18 are obese, and 39 percent are
overweight. Being overweight or obese significantly raises the chance of developing disorders, including coronary heart disease. Digitalis is
primarily used to treat heart conditions. It encourages and stimulates the action of all muscle tissues in cases of clogged heart failure. The herb
improves heart nutrient absorption by forcing more blood into the coronaries. Digitalis aids in the repair and regulation of the heart's function when
blood circulation is hampered.
Antihypertensive Drugs - Ayurvedic Perspective
Authors: Navdeep Kaur  , Goyal Ankita , Gurpreet Sama  
Published: December 2023

Hypertension is a very common disorder, particularly in past middle age. It is not a disease in itself, but is an important risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. According to WHO, it is above 140/90 mmHg. An estimated 1.28 billion adults aged 30-79 years worldwide have hypertension. American Association of Heart mentioned that normal blood pressure is less than 120 mmHg systolic and less than 80 mmHg diastolic. Epidemiological studies have confirmed that higher the pressure (systolic or diastolic or both) greater is the risk of cardiovascular disease. The principal focus of Ayurveda is on maintaining good health and adopting a healthy way of life. There is no description of such a single disease which can resemble with hypertension. It can be correlated with Vata Pradhaan Tridoshaj Vyadhi, Raktabhaar, Uchharaktachapa etc and involves dhatus like Rasa and Rakta and gets influenced by Mana. Our ancient science has provided us various drugs which influences the pressure of the blood. These drugs has directly or indirectly role in curing HTN for example Sarpagandha, Jatamansi, Rudraksh, Ashawgandha etc. which should be analysed by the physician clinically. This article would help future researchers and clinicians for administrating these drugs in different forms clinically and help further researches. There are specific alkaloids present in these drugs which influence different centres resulting in decrease in the Blood pressure. The present work deals with enhancing the role of Ayurvedic drugs and promoting more natural ways of treatment.
Identifying Existing Evidence to Potentially Develop a Machine Learning Diagnostic Algorithm for Cough in Primary Care Settings: Scoping Review
Authors: Cummerow Julia , Wienecke Christin , Engler Nicola , Marahrens Philip , Gruening Philipp , Steinhäuser Jost 
Published: December 2023

Background
Primary care is known to be one of the most complex health care settings because of the high number of theoretically possible diagnoses. Therefore, the process of clinical decision-making in primary care includes complex analytical and nonanalytical factors such as gut feelings and dealing with uncertainties. Artificial intelligence is also mandated to offer support in finding valid diagnoses. Nevertheless, to translate some aspects of what occurs during a consultation into a machine-based diagnostic algorithm, the probabilities for the underlying diagnoses (odds ratios) need to be determined.

Objective
Cough is one of the most common reasons for a consultation in general practice, the core discipline in primary care. The aim of this scoping review was to identify the available data on cough as a predictor of various diagnoses encountered in general practice. In the context of an ongoing project, we reflect on this database as a possible basis for a machine-based diagnostic algorithm. Furthermore, we discuss the applicability of such an algorithm against the background of the specifics of general practice.

Methods
The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched with defined search terms, supplemented by the search for gray literature via the German Journal of Family Medicine until April 20, 2023. The inclusion criterion was the explicit analysis of cough as a predictor of any conceivable disease. Exclusion criteria were articles that did not provide original study results, articles in languages other than English or German, and articles that did not mention cough as a diagnostic predictor.

Results
In total, 1458 records were identified for screening, of which 35 articles met our inclusion criteria. Most of the results (11/35, 31%) were found for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The others were distributed among the diagnoses of asthma or unspecified obstructive airway disease, various infectious diseases, bronchogenic carcinoma, dyspepsia or gastroesophageal reflux disease, and adverse effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Positive odds ratios were found for cough as a predictor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, influenza, COVID-19 infections, and bronchial carcinoma, whereas the results for cough as a predictor of asthma and other nonspecified obstructive airway diseases were inconsistent.

Conclusions
Reliable data on cough as a predictor of various diagnoses encountered in general practice are scarce. The example of cough does not provide a sufficient database to contribute odds to a machine learning–based diagnostic algorithm in a meaningful way.
Spatiotemporal Pattern and Its Determinants for Newly Reported HIV/AIDS Among Older Adults in Eastern China From 2004 to 2021: Retrospective Analysis Study
Authors: Huang Gang , Cheng Wei , Xu Yun , Yang Jiezhe , Jiang Jun , Pan Xiaohong , Zhou Xin , Jiang Jianmin , Chai Chengliang 
Published: December 2023

Background
In recent years, the number and proportion of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases among older adults have increased dramatically. However, research on the pattern of temporal and spatial changes in newly reported HIV/AIDS among older adults remains limited.

Objective
This study analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution of HIV/AIDS cases and its influencing factors among older adults in Eastern China from 2004 to 2021, with the goal of improving HIV/AIDS prevention and intervention.

Methods
We extracted data on newly reported HIV/AIDS cases between 2004 and 2021 from a case-reporting system and used a Joinpoint regression model and an age-period-cohort model to analyze the temporal trends in HIV/AIDS prevalence. Spatial autocorrelation and geographically weighted regression models were used for spatial aggregation and influence factor analysis.

Results
A total of 12,376 participants with HIV/AIDS were included in the study. The newly reported HIV infections among older adults increased from 0.13 cases per 100,000 people in 2004 to 7.00 cases per 100,000 people in 2021. The average annual percent change in newly reported HIV infections was 28.0% (95% CI –21.6% to 34.8%). The results of the age-period-cohort model showed that age, period, and cohort factors affected the newly reported HIV infections among older adults. The newly reported HIV/AIDS cases among men who have sex with men (MSM) had spatial clustering, and the hotspots were mainly concentrated in Hangzhou. The disposable income of urban residents, illiteracy rate among people aged 15 years or older, and number of hospital beds per 1000 residents showed a positive association with the newly reported HIV infections among older MSM in the Zhejiang province.

Conclusions
HIV/AIDS among older adults showed an increasing trend and was influenced by age, period, and cohort effects. Older MSM with HIV/AIDS showed regional clustering and was associated with factors such as the disposable income of urban residents, the illiteracy rate among people aged 15 years or older, and the number of hospital beds per 1000 people. Targeted prevention and control measures are needed to reduce HIV infection among those at higher risk.