bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ideography insight from facial recognition and neuroimaging
Authors: Nephew Benjamin C. , Polcari Justin J. , Korkin Dmitry 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
One novel example and/or perspective in support of “Why the learning account fails” is the impressive ability of humans to recognize and memorize facial features and accurately and reliably connect those to related identities. Furthermore, neuroimaging analysis presents an example in support of the crucial role of standardization in the lack of adoption of ideography.
Genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax in immigrant patients exhibiting severe and non-severe clinical manifestations in northern suburbs of Paris
Authors: Soumaoro Adama , Hamarsheh Omar , Marteau Anthony , Brun Sophie , Bouchaud Olivier , Cohen Yves , Adnet Frédéric , Thellier Marc , Houze Sandrine , Izri Arezki , Akhoundi Mohammad 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Plasmodium vivax is the most frequent and widely distributed cause of recurring malaria. It is a public health issue that mostly occurs in Southeast Asia, followed by the Middle East, Latin, and South Americas and sub-Saharan Africa. Although it is commonly known as an etiologic agent of malaria with mild clinical manifestations, it can lead to severe complications. It has been neglected and understudied for a long time, due to its low mortality, culturing infeasibility, and mild clinical manifestations in comparison to P. falciparum. Despite the mild clinical issues commonly rose for P. vivax, the correlation between the clinical manifestations exhibited by patients with severe and non-severe complications and the genetic diversity of parasites responsible for the disease is not clear. An investigation was carried out between 2011 and 2021 on patients referred to Avicenne Hospital for suspected P. vivax infection. Upon arrival, they underwent clinical and biological examinations. The lateral flow test and LAMP-PCR confirmed the presence of malaria parasites, Plasmodium sp‥ Microscopic examination revealed the presence of Plasmodium parasites with a parasitaemia between 0.01 and 0.38%. Conventional PCR amplifications targeting 714 bp DNA fragment of small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU-rDNA) followed by bidirectional sequencing allowed us to identify the parasites as P. vivax. The neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree revealed that P. vivax sequences processed in the present study clustered in two well-differentiated and supported clades. It included a bigger clade including P. vivax specimens of all our patients together with homonymous sequences from Indonesia, India, and El Salvador and the second clade encompassed the sequences from Yemen and India. In addition, the clustering displayed by the median-joining network agreed well with the topology of the phylogenetic tree generated by the neighbor-joining analysis. No correlation between the clinical manifestation of patients with severe and non-severe complications, encompassing diverse geographical origins, and the genetic diversity of parasites was observed since all sequences demonstrated a high homogeneity. These findings can be helpful in getting knowledge about the population genetics of P. vivax and taking proper control management strategies against these parasites.
Is grammatical tone item-based or process-based?
Authors: Sande Hannah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article considers the question of what constitutes item-based morphology, with a specific look at grammatical tone. Numerous case studies of grammatical tone are examined in light of the debate on whether morphology is item-based or process-based. In each case, tonal alternations are an exponent, sometimes the sole exponent, of some grammatical feature. Two of the case studies are examples of grammatical tone that can straightforwardly be analysed as involving concatenated morphophonological forms; however, in other cases, the grammatical tone cannot be reduced to the concatenation of a tonal affix or phonological feature with some stem. The latter type cannot straightforwardly be analysed as item-based, but if still phonologically predictable and productive, is not satisfactorily analysed as suppletive. This article suggests a set of diagnostics that can be used to determine whether a given phenomenon is best analysed as item-based, process-based or suppletive. Then, an analysis is presented in Cophonologies by Phase (CbP), where morphosyntactic features can be mapped not only to underlying phonological items, but also to morpheme-specific constraint weight adjustments. CbP allows for what may have been traditionally called item-based and process-based morphology to co-exist in a single framework.
Many Hamiltonian subsets in large graphs with given density
Authors: Cambie Stijn , Gao Jun , Liu Hong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA set of vertices in a graph is a Hamiltonian subset if it induces a subgraph containing a Hamiltonian cycle. Kim, Liu, Sharifzadeh, and Staden proved that for large
$d$
, among all graphs with minimum degree
$d$
,
$K_{d+1}$
minimises the number of Hamiltonian subsets. We prove a near optimal lower bound that takes also the order and the structure of a graph into account. For many natural graph classes, it provides a much better bound than the extremal one (
$\approx 2^{d+1}$
). Among others, our bound implies that an
$n$
-vertex
$C_4$
-free graph with minimum degree
$d$
contains at least
$n2^{d^{2-o(1)}}$
Hamiltonian subsets.
Radiation therapy in non-traumatic myositis ossificans of popliteal region: a case report
Authors: Shah Sonal Patel , Kulshrestha Asmita , Patel Monik , Mehta Maitrik , Kunikullaya Suryanarayana , Sharma Ankit 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Myositis ossificans (MO) is a rare disorder of ectopic ossification in soft tissue or muscle, usually associated with trauma or hereditary conditions. Surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment with anti-inflammatory medications. Radiotherapy is used as an adjuvant therapy, to treat residual lesions and to relieve symptoms.

Methods:
A 36-year-old male presented with a localised tender swelling in left popliteal fossa and progressive pain in lower limb for 6 weeks and restricted mobility for 3 weeks. A local excision of calcified mass arising from fascia of left popliteal fossa was consistent with MO features. Due to persistent symptoms and a residual lesion on imaging, adjuvant external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) was planned with a low dose of 10 Gy (Gray) in 2 fractions on 2 consecutive days in a prone position after 2 weeks using 6 MV (mega voltage) photon beam on linear accelerator (LINAC).

Results:
Radiotherapy resulted in a significant clinical improvement without any related acute toxicities. Patient is disease-free and on regular follow-up without any progression after 2 years.

Conclusion:
Post-operative EBRT can stabilise residual MO and treat intractable pain when lesion lies in the vicinity of a neurovascular bundle
Unpacking constitutional literacy
Authors: De Visser Maartje , Jones Brian Christopher 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe contemporary crisis in relation to constitutional literacy relates not to the lack of knowledge that citizens possess about fundamental constitutional texts, but to the considerable lack of development in relation to what constitutional literacy itself entails. This article accordingly unpacks the notion of constitutional literacy: its importance, its characteristics, and its variable nature. Using a comparative lens, the article invites reflection on the role we expect citizens to play in our democracies, and especially the associated knowledge and skills required for successful state performance. We suggest that constitutional literacy is exceptionally multifaceted and fluid in nature, which serves to make its conceptualization and measurement challenging endeavours, and certainly more so than the easy invocation of this notion may assume at first blush. In this regard, engaging with the constitutional text, while an integral component of constitutional literacy, is ultimately only one part of the puzzle.
The anti-infective effect of β-glucans in children
Authors: Wzorek-Łyczko Katarzyna , Woźniak Weronika , Piwowarczyk Anna , Kuchar Ernest 
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Background: β-glucans are bioactive β-D-glucose polysaccharides of natural origin, presenting antimicrobial and immunomodulation properties, with a low risk of toxicity. Objectives: This scoping review aims to present the current knowledge on the anti-infective properties of β-glucans in the pediatric population. Methods: We used the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews Checklist to prepare this review. Studies were identified by electronic searches of Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane databases up to May 2021. Results: The primary search allowed us to find 6232 studies, twelve of which were finally included in the analysis. Eight studies were designed as randomized, placebo-controlled trials, while in four studies the intervention outcome was compared with the pre-intervention period in the same group. The type of preparation and doses varied between studies: in five trials pleuran was administered (in dose 10 mg/5 kg of body weight/day), and in one study baker’s yeast β-glucan was used (in two doses: 35 mg/day and 75 mg/day). In six other studies, the analyzed preparation comprised β-glucan and other substances. The shortest study lasted seven days, while the most prolonged intervention lasted six months, followed by six months of follow-up. Ten out of twelve trials demonstrated the effectiveness of β-glucans in reducing respiratory tract infection incidence or alleviation of upper respiratory tract infection symptoms. Ten out of twelve studies have reported a good tolerance and safety profile. Conclusions: Good tolerance of β-glucans shows a favorable benefit-risk ratio of this type of intervention. Nevertheless, further monitoring of their efficacy and safety in high-quality research is necessary.
Earthquake Nucleation Characteristics Revealed by Seismicity Response to Seasonal Stress Variations Induced by Gas Production at Groningen
Authors: Acosta Mateo , Avouac Jean‐Philippe , Smith Jonathan D. , Sirorattanakul Krittanon , Kaveh Hojjat , Bourne Stephen J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDeterministic earthquake prediction remains elusive, but time‐dependent probabilistic seismicity forecasting seems within reach thanks to the development of physics‐based models relating seismicity to stress changes. Difficulties include constraining the earthquake nucleation model and fault initial stress state. Here, we analyze induced earthquakes from the Groningen gas field, where production is strongly seasonal, and seismicity began 3 decades after production started. We use the seismicity response to stress variations to constrain the earthquake nucleation process and calibrate models for time‐dependent forecasting of induced earthquakes. Remarkable agreements of modeled and observed seismicity are obtained when we consider (a) the initial strength excess, (b) the finite duration of earthquake nucleation, and (c) the seasonal variations of gas production. We propose a novel metric to quantify the nucleation model's ability to capture the damped amplitude and the phase of the seismicity response to short‐timescale (seasonal) stress variations which allows further tightening the model's parameters.
Dual-frequency piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer based on polarization switching in ferroelectric thin films
Authors: Park Jin Soo , Jung Soo Young , Kim Dong Hun , Park Jung Ho , Jang Ho Won , Kim Tae Geun , Baek Seung-Hyub , Lee Byung Chul 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDue to its additional frequency response, dual-frequency ultrasound has advantages over conventional ultrasound, which operates at a specific frequency band. Moreover, a tunable frequency from a single transducer enables sonographers to achieve ultrasound images with a large detection area and high resolution. This facilitates the availability of more advanced techniques that simultaneously require low- and high-frequency ultrasounds, such as harmonic imaging and image-guided therapy. In this study, we present a novel method for dual-frequency ultrasound generation from a ferroelectric piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer (PMUT). Uniformly designed transducer arrays can be used for both deep low-resolution imaging and shallow high-resolution imaging. To switch the ultrasound frequency, the only requirement is to tune a DC bias to control the polarization state of the ferroelectric film. Flextensional vibration of the PMUT membrane strongly depends on the polarization state, producing low- and high-frequency ultrasounds from a single excitation frequency. This strategy for dual-frequency ultrasounds meets the requirement for either multielectrode configurations or heterodesigned elements, which are integrated into an array. Consequently, this technique significantly reduces the design complexity of transducer arrays and their associated driving circuits.
WDR4 promotes the progression and lymphatic metastasis of bladder cancer via transcriptional down-regulation of ARRB2
Authors: Wang Guoli , He Xin , Dai Huiqi , Lin Lingyi , Cao Wenmin , Fu Yao , Diao Wenli , Ding Meng , Zhang Qing , Chen Wei , Guo Hongqian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLymph node (LN) metastasis is one of the key prognostic factors in bladder cancer, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we found that elevated expression of WD repeat domain 4 (WDR4) in bladder cancer correlated with worse prognosis. WDR4 can promote the LN metastasis and proliferation of bladder cancer cells. Mechanistic studies showed that WDR4 can promote the nuclear localization of DEAD-box helicase 20 (DDX20) and act as an adaptor to bind DDX20 and Early growth response 1 (Egr1), thereby inhibiting Egr1-promoted transcriptional expression of arrestin beta 2 (ARRB2) and ultimately contributing to the progression of bladder cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that WDR4 expression is also an independent predictor of LN metastasis in bladder cancer. Our results reveal a novel mechanism of LN metastasis and progression in bladder cancer and identify WDR4 as a potential therapeutic target for metastatic bladder cancer.
Test-retest reliability of short- and long-term heart rate variability in individuals with spinal cord injury
Authors: Ruangsuphaphichat Arphatsorn , Brockmann Lars , Sirasaporn Patpiya , Manimmanakorn Nuttaset , Hunt Kenneth J. , Saengsuwan Jittima 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Study design
Cross-sectional.

Objectives
To investigate test-retest reliability of heart rate variability (HRV) metrics in SCI without restriction of activity over long (24-h) and shorter durations (5-min, 10-min, 1-h, 3-h and 6-h).

Settings
University hospital in Khon Kaen, Thailand.

Methods
Forty-five participants (11 with tetraplegia and 34 with paraplegia) underwent two 24-h recordings of RR-intervals to derive time and frequency HRV metrics. Relative reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and absolute reliability by coefficient of variation (CV) and Bland–Altman limits of agreement (LoA).

Results
For 5- and 10-min durations, eight of eleven HRV metrics had moderate to excellent reliability (ICC 0.40–0.76); the remaining three were poor (ICC < 0.4). HRV values from 1-h and 3-h durations showed moderate to excellent reliability (ICC of 0.46–0.81), except for 1-h reliability of ULF and TP (ICC of 0.06 and 0.30, respectively). Relative reliability was excellent (ICC of 0.77–0.92) for 6-h and 24-h durations in all HRV metrics. Absolute reliability improved as recording duration increased (lower CVs and narrower LoAs). Participants with high AD risk (SCI level at or above T6) showed lower test-retest reliability of HF and LF values than participants with low AD risk.

Conclusion
Relative reliability of HRV was excellent for 6-h and 24-h. The best absolute reliability values were for 24-h duration. Time-domain outcomes were more reliable than frequency domain outcomes. Participants with high risk of AD, particularly those with tetraplegia, showed lower reliability, especially for HF and LF.
adgrl3.1-deficient zebrafish show noradrenaline-mediated externalizing behaviors, and altered expression of externalizing disorder-candidate genes, suggesting functional targets for treatment
Authors: Fontana Barbara D. , Reichmann Florian , Tilley Ceinwen A. , Lavlou Perrine , Shkumatava Alena , Alnassar Nancy , Hillman Courtney , Karlsson Karl Ægir , Norton William H. J. , Parker Matthew O. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractExternalizing disorders (ED) are a cause of concern for public health, and their high heritability makes genetic risk factors a priority for research. Adhesion G-Protein-Coupled Receptor L3 (ADGRL3) is strongly linked to several EDs, and loss-of-function models have shown the impacts of this gene on several core ED-related behaviors. For example, adgrl3.1−/− zebrafish show high levels of hyperactivity. However, our understanding of the mechanisms by which this gene influences behavior is incomplete. Here we characterized, for the first time, externalizing behavioral phenotypes of adgrl3.1−/− zebrafish and found them to be highly impulsive, show risk-taking in a novel environment, have attentional deficits, and show high levels of hyperactivity. All of these phenotypes were rescued by atomoxetine, demonstrating noradrenergic mediation of the externalizing effects of adgrl3.1. Transcriptomic analyses of the brains of adgrl3.1−/− vs. wild-type fish revealed several differentially expressed genes and enriched gene clusters that were independent of noradrenergic manipulation. This suggests new putative functional pathways underlying ED-related behaviors, and potential targets for the treatment of ED.
A primary luminal/HER2 negative breast cancer patient with mismatch repair deficiency
Authors: Yang Xue , Smirnov Artem , Buonomo Oreste Claudio , Mauriello Alessandro , Shi Yufang , Bischof Julia , Woodsmith Jonathan ,   TOR CENTRE, Bove Pierluigi , Rovella Valentina , Scimeca Manuel , Sica Giuseppe , Tisone Giuseppe , Wang Ying , Servadei Francesca , Melino Gerry , Candi Eleonora , Bernassola Francesca 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHere, we present the case of a 47-year-old woman diagnosed with luminal B breast cancer subtype and provide an in-depth analysis of her gene mutations, chromosomal alterations, mRNA and protein expression changes. We found a point mutation in the FGFR2 gene, which is potentially hyper-activating the receptor function, along with over-expression of its ligand FGF20 due to genomic amplification. The patient also harbors somatic and germline mutations in some mismatch repair (MMR) genes, with a strong MMR mutational signature. The patient displays high microsatellite instability (MSI) and tumor mutational burden (TMB) status and increased levels of CTLA-4 and PD-1 expression. Altogether, these data strongly implicate that aberrant FGFR signaling, and defective MMR system might be involved in the development of this breast tumor. In addition, high MSI and TMB in the context of CTLA-4 and PD-L1 positivity, suggest the potential benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Accurate characterization of molecular subtypes, based on gene mutational and expression profiling analyses, will be certainly helpful for individualized treatment and targeted therapy of breast cancer patients, especially for those subtypes with adverse outcome.
Self-sampling monkeypox virus testing in high-risk populations, asymptomatic or with unrecognized Mpox, in Spain
Authors: Agustí Cristina , Martínez-Riveros Héctor , Hernández-Rodríguez Àgueda , Casañ Cristina , Díaz Yesika , Alonso Lucía , Martró Elisa , Muñoz-Basagoiti Jordana , Gallemí Marçal , Folch Cinta , Sönmez Ibrahim , Adell Héctor , Villar Marta , París de León Alexia , Martinez-Puchol Sandra , Pelegrin A. C. , Perez-Zsolt Daniel , Raïch-Regué Dàlia , Mora Rubén , Villegas Luis , Clotet Bonaventura , Izquierdo-Useros Nuria , Cardona Pere-Joan , Casabona Jordi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe recent monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak was of global concern and has mainly affected gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM). Here we assess prevalence of MPXV in high-risk populations of GBMSM, trans women (TW) and non-binary people without symptoms or with unrecognized monkeypox (Mpox) symptoms, using a self-sampling strategy. Anal and pharyngeal swabs are tested by MPXV real-time PCR and positive samples are tested for cytopathic effect (CPE) in cell culture. 113 individuals participated in the study, 89 (78.76%) were cis men, 17 (15.04%) were TW. The median age was 35.0 years (IQR: 30.0–43.0), 96 (85.02%) individuals were gay or bisexual and 72 (63.72%) were migrants. Seven participants were MPXV positive (6.19% (95% CI: 1.75%–10.64%)). Five tested positive in pharyngeal swabs, one in anal swab and one in both. Six did not present symptoms recognized as MPXV infection. Three samples were positive for CPE, and showed anti-vaccinia pAb staining by FACS and confocal microscopy. This suggests that unrecognized Mpox cases can shed infectious virus. Restricting testing to individuals reporting Mpox symptoms may not be sufficient to contain outbreaks.
How much hydrogen is in green steel?
Authors: Özgün Özge , Lu Xu , Ma Yan , Raabe Dierk 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHydrogen-based reduction of iron ores is the key technology for future sustainable ironmaking, to mitigate the CO2 burden from the steel industry, accounting for ~7–8% of all global emissions. However, using hydrogen as a reductant prompts concerns about hydrogen embrittlement in steel products. This raises the question of how much hydrogen remains from green ironmaking in the metal produced. We answer this question here by quantifying the amount of hydrogen in iron produced via two hydrogen-based ironmaking processes, namely, direct reduction and plasma smelting reduction. Results suggest no threat of hydrogen embrittlement resulting from using hydrogen in green steel production.
Tetrafluorenofulvalene as a sterically frustrated open-shell alkene
Authors: Prajapati Bibek , Ambhore Madan D. , Dang Duy-Khoi , Chmielewski Piotr J. , Lis Tadeusz , Gómez-García Carlos J. , Zimmerman Paul M. , Stępień Marcin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractElectronic and steric effects are known to greatly influence the structure, characteristics and reactivity of organic compounds. A typical π bond is weakened by oxidation (corresponding to the removal of electrons from bonding orbitals), by reduction (through addition of electrons to antibonding orbitals) and by unpairing of the bonding electrons, such as in the triplet state. Here we describe tetrafluorenofulvalene (TFF), a twisted, open-shell alkene for which these general rules do not hold. Through the synthesis, experimental characterization and computational analysis of its charged species spanning seven redox states, the central alkene bond in TFF is shown to become substantially stronger in the tri- and tetraanion, generated by chemical reduction. Furthermore, although its triplet state contains a weaker alkene bond than the singlet, in the quintet state its bond order increases substantially, yielding a flatter structure. This behaviour originates from the doubly bifurcated topology of the underlying spin system and can be rationalized by the balancing effects of benzenoid aromaticity and spin pairing.