bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR PERKEMBANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG ANGKASA LEPAS ANTARABANGSA: SATU ANALISA PERUNDANGAN (Malay)
Authors: Saari Che Zuhaida 
Published: January 2024

Recently, the need for the development of outer space law has become one of the main topics of discussion at the international level. It has been considered as a significant effort in ensuring that the law is corresponding with the evolution of space technology. These developments are largely driven by several factors that contribute to their sustainability. This article aims to discuss these factors and how they contribute to the development of international outer space. It is a library research that analysed data from authoritative sources in the field of space law. The article demonstrates that this development generally driven by three main factors: (1) the evolution of the early writings of the law of outer space; (2) the role and involvement of the United Nations; and (3) the institutional space law and social organization. In fact, the development of the international outer space law will not achieve the current level without the contribution of these factors.
Keywords: law of outer space, development factors, United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space.
ABSTRAK
Sejak mutakhir ini, keperluan kepada perkembangan undang-undang angkasa lepas telah menjadi antara topik utama perbincangan di peringkat antarabangsa. Malah ianya dianggap satu usaha penting dalam memastikan undang-undang ini selari dengan perkembangan teknologi angkasa. Perkembangan ini umumnya didorong oleh beberapa faktor yang menyumbang kepada kesinambungannya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membincangkan faktor-faktor tersebut dan bagaimana ia menyumbang kepada perkembangan undang-undang angkasa antarabangsa. Ia berupa kajian perpustakaan yang menganalisis data-data dari sumber kajian yang berautoriti dalam bidang perundangan angkasa. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan bahawa perkembangan ini umumnya didorong oleh 3 faktor utama iaitu: (1) evolusi penulisan awal undang-undang angkasa lepas; (2) peranan dan penglibatan pertubuhan Bangsa-bangsa Bersatu; dan (3) institusi undang-undang angkasa lepas dan organisasi sosial. Perkembangan undang-undang angkasa lepas antarabangsa tidak akan mencapai tahap sekarang tanpa sumbangan daripada faktor-faktor ini. Perkembangan ini mestilah dipergiatkan lagi demi menghadapi pelbagai cabaran baru di masa hadapan.
Kata kunci: undang-undang angkasa lepas, faktor perkembangan, Jawatankuasa Penggunaan Angkasa Lepas Secara Aman Pertubuhan Bangsa-bangsa Bersatu
Rendemen dan Mutu Lateks Pekat dengan Kombinasi Teknologi Penggetaran dan Pendadihan
Authors: Maryanti Maryanti , Delvitasari Febrina , Hartari Widia Rini , Widianti Sintya 
Published: January 2024

Lateks dengan kadar karet kering 60-64% merupakan jenis lateks pekat. Pembuatan lateks pekat dengan sentrifugasi memerlukan investasi peralatan yang mahal, sedangkan pembuatan lateks pekat dengan cara pendadihan memerlukan waktu sekitar 3 minggu. Salah satu cara untuk mempercepat pembuatan lateks pekat dengan menggunakan alat sederhana yaitu dengan penggetar orbital. Penelitian ini menggunakan RAK faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor I yaitu Waktu Penggetaran (V) dan faktor II yaitu Waktu Pendadihan (T). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama waktu penggetaran dan pendadihan pada pembuatan lateks pekat memberikan pengaruh terhadap rendemen dan mutu lateks pekat kecuali nilai pH. Mutu lateks pekat yang telah memenuhi standar ISO 2004 yaitu pH (10,1-10,83) dan WKM (564,33-618,17 detik) sedangkan KKK (53,74 – 57,64 %) dan KJP (50,58 – 53,29 %), belum memenuhi standar ISO 2004.
Pengembangan soal literasi dan numerasi tipe PISA konten space and shape konteks lebaran di masa Covid-19
Authors: Cahyani Lidya , Erviana Ria , Sepriliani Sisca Puspita 
Published: January 2024

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan soal literasi dan numerasi tipe PISA konten space and shape konteks lebaran di masa Covid-19 yang valid dan praktis. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian development yang memiliki 3 tahap, yaitu tahap preliminary, self evaluation, expert review, one to one dan small group. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Palembang tahun ajaran 2020/2021. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan walkthrough, observasi, dan tes. Penelitian menghasilkan soal literasi dan numerasi tipe PISA konteks lebaran di masa Covid-19 yang valid dari segi konten, yaitu soal sudah sesuai dengan materi pada kurikulum 2013, soal juga sudah valid dari segi konstruk, yaitu soal sesuai dengan konteks lebaran dimasa Covid-19 yang disesuaikan dengan kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah yang sering ditemui siswa serta level kemampuan siswa. Dari hasil jawaban siswa dapat disimpulkan bahwa soal yang diberikan termasuk dalam kategori praktis karena dapat dikerjakan siswa dengan mudah serta siswa dapat memahaminya dengan baik. Dari hasil tersebut terdapat keragaman jawaban antara siswa satu dengan yang lain sesuai dengan tingkat kesulitan yang sesuai untuk siswa kelas VIII. Kata kunci PISA, PMRI, Covid-19, AKM
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI PENDAFTARAN PROGRAM AYO MENGHAFAL DAN MEMAHAMI AL-QURAN (AMMA) DI YAYASAN IHYAUL QURAN INDONESIA
Authors: Shoumi Milyun Ni’ma , Syulistyo Arie Rachmad , Kirana Annisa Puspa , Hani’ah Mamluatul 
Published: January 2024

Sistem informasi (SI)cadalah salah satu faktor yang penting bagi sebuah instansi yang bergerak di bidang pendidikan. SI memungkinkan instansi untuk lebih produktif dalam memperoleh, memproses, dan menggunakan informasi secara akurat. Salah satu jenis sistem informasi yang dapat membantu proses operasional sebuah instansi di bidang pendidikan adalah Sistem Informasi Pendaftaran untuk program-program yang diselenggarakan oleh lembaga pendidikan. Yayasan Ihyaul Quran merupakan salah satu jenis yayasan pendidikan di Kota Malang yang memiliki beberapa program, diantaranya Program Pendidikan Sekolah Balita, Tahfidz Quran, Kursus Quran, Kuttab Ibadurrahman, dan Ayo Menghafal dan Memahami Al-Quran (AMMA). Saat ini dalam proses pendaftarannya, khususnya program AMMA masih dilakukan secara manual. Kegiatan PKM ini mengusulkan sebuah pengembangan aplikasi dan pelatihan Sistem Informasi Pendaftaran Program Ayo Menghafal dan Memahami Al-Quran (AMMA) di Yayasan Ihyaul Quran Indonesia. Dengan adanya sistem ini diharapkan dapat memudahkan calon peserta dalam melakukan pendaftaran, dan juga memudahkan admin program dalam melakukan pengelolaan data calon peserta.
Silver coating on dental implant-abutment connection screws as potential strategy to prevent loosening and minimizing bacteria adhesion
Authors: Velasco-Ortega Eugenio , Jiménez-Guerra Alvaro , Ortiz-Garcia Iván , Nuñez-Márquez Enrique , Moreno-Muñoz Jesús , Gil Javier , Delgado Luis M. , Rondón-Romero José Luis , Monsalve-Guil Loreto 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: One of the main problems for the long-term behavior of dental implants are loosening of the implant-abutment connection screws and bacterial infiltration. The aim of this work is to increase the screw fixation by silver coating, providing superior mechanical retaining and antibacterial effect.Methods: Eighty dental implants with their abutments and screws have been studied. Twenty screws were not coated and were used as a control while the rest of screws were silver coated by sputtering, with three different thickness: 10, 20 and 40 μm and 20 screws per each thickness. Coating morphology and thickness were determined by scanning electron microscopy using image analysis systems. The screws were tightened for each of the thicknesses and the control with two torques 15 Ncm and 20 Ncm and tested under mechanical fatigue simulating oral stresses up to a maximum of 500,000 cycles. The remaining torques at different cycles were determined with a high-sensitivity torquemeter. Cell viability assays were performed with SaOs-2 osteoblasts and microbiological studies were performed against Streptococcus gordonii and Enterococcus faecalis bacteria strains, determining their metabolic activity and viability using live/dead staining.Results: It was observed a decrease in torque as cycles increase. For a preload of 15 Ncm at 100,000 cycles, the loosening was complete and, for 20 Ncm at 500,000 cycles, 85% of torque was lost. The silver coatings retained the torque, especially the one with a thickness of 40 μm, retaining 90% of the initial torque at 500,000 cycles. It was observed that osteoblastic viability values did not reach 70%, which could indicate a slight cytotoxic effect in contact with cells or tissues; however, the screw should not be in direct contact with tissue or living cells. Silver coating induced a significant reduction of the bacteria metabolic activity for Streptococcus gordonii and Enterococcus faecalis, around 90% and 85% respectively.Discussion: Therefore, this coating may be of interest to prevent loosening of implant systems with a worthy antibacterial response.
Geological factors controlling high flowback rates of shale gas wells in the Changning area of the southern Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Liu Yongyang , Zhao Shengxian , Yang Xuefeng , Li Bo , Zhang Jian , Ji Chunhai , Huang Shan , Wu Tianpeng , Qu Chongjiu 
Published: January 2024

In the Changning block of the southern Sichuan Basin, the shale gas wells in the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation to Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation (Wufeng–Longmaxi) demonstrate significant difference in flowback rate of fracturing fluid, given the same fracturing scale and production time. Based on the P90 curve of flowback rate with time, wells with high flowback rates in this area are categorized, and they are generally defined with the 100-day flowback rate of &gt;40%, the 200-day flowback rate of &gt;50%, and the first-year flowback rate &gt;60%. Through comprehensive research on the geological characteristics of the Changning block, the geological factors that cause high gas well backflow rates have been identified. The results are obtained in four aspects. First, gas wells with high flowback rates generally show higher flow rates for smaller distances to the fault, and the NE faults formed during the late Yanshanian to early Himalayan and with fault throw &gt;200 m have the greatest impact on the flowback rate. Second, plane heterogeneity of water saturation contributes to the high flowback rate of some wells. Third, the proportion of the Middle Ordovician Baota Formation in the horizontal section of wells is positively related to the flowback rate, and the drilling and fracturing of the Baota limestone with high water content can lead to high flowback rates of gas wells to some extent. Fourth, unidirectional linear natural fractures between wells can easily cause inter-well frac-hit, leading to high flowback rates of gas wells. In conclusion, the research results are helpful in predicting areas where high backflow rate gas wells may occur and developing corresponding drainage and production methods in advance.
Friction stabilities of gypsum and kaolinite/calcite mixture fault gauges under high pressure
Authors: Ren Dongsheng 
Published: January 2024

Various lab-scale friction tests and seismic observations have highlighted the role of fault gauges in earthquake initiation in geological faults. These fault gauges consist of particles accumulated over thousands of years due to surface wear caused by friction. Understanding their properties is crucial as they significantly influence both the frictional strength and sliding stability of faults. This study investigates the friction stability parameter (a-b) under loading rates of 0.2–25 μm/s using velocity step tests on gypsum fault gauges under a low normal stress condition (0.9 MPa) and steady-state velocity step tests on fault gauges composed of varying ratios of kaolinite/calcite mixture under an effective normal stress of 3 MPa. The conclusions drawn from this study are as follows: 1) The (a-b) values obtained from near steady-state velocity step tests on gypsum fault gauges and those reported in previous studies under similar conditions were both negative. However, our results show that the former values were one order of magnitude lower than the latter, indicating a higher susceptibility to velocity weakening. 2) Steady-statevelocity steptests on the kaolinite/calcite mixture fault gauges demonstrated positive (a-b) values for all mixtures with varying kaolinite contents. Moreover, the (a-b) values were proportional to the kaolinite content. We established a functional relationship between the (a-b) values of the mixture fault gauge and the mass fraction of kaolinite, providing valuable insights for future experiments and numerical simulations related to fault stability.
Effect of BAFF blockade on the B cell receptor repertoire and transcriptome in a mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Huang Tao , Pi Chenyu , Xu Xiaoqing , Feng Yan , Zhang Jingming , Gu Hua , Fang Jianmin 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease. Anti-B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) therapy effectively depletes B cells and reduces SLE disease activity. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of BAFF blockade on B cell receptor (BCR) repertoire and gene expression.MethodsThrough next-generation sequencing, we analyzed gene expression and BCR repertoire in MRL/lpr mice that received long-term anti-BAFF therapy. Based on gene expression profiles, we predicted the relative proportion of immune cells using ImmuCellAI-mouse, validating our predictions via flow cytometry and FluoroSpot.ResultsThe loss of BCR repertoire diversity and richness, along with increased clonality and differential frequency distribution of the immunoglobulin heavy chain variable (IGHV) segment gene usage, were observed in BAFF-blockade mice. Meanwhile, the distribution of complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) length and CDR3 amino acid usage remained unaffected. BAFF blockade resulted in extensive changes in gene expression, particularly that of genes related to B cells and immunoglobulins. Besides, the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α responses and interferon (IFN)-α/γ were downregulated, consistent with the decrease in IFN-γ and TNF-α serum levels following anti-BAFF therapy. In addition, BAFF blockade significantly reduced B cell subpopulations and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and caused the depletion of antibody-secreting cells.DiscussionOur comparative BCR repertoire and transcriptome analyses of MRL/lpr mice subjected to BAFF blockade provide innovative insights into the molecular pathophysiology of SLE.
Predicting delayed remission in Cushing’s disease using radiomics models: a multi-center study
Authors: Zhang Wentai , Zhang Dewei , Liu Shaocheng , Wang He , Liu Xiaohai , Dai Congxin , Fang Yi , Fan Yanghua , Wei Zhenqing , Feng Ming , Wang Renzhi 
Published: January 2024

PurposeNo multi-center radiomics models have been built to predict delayed remission (DR) after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) in Cushing’s disease (CD). The present study aims to build clinical and radiomics models based on data from three centers to predict DR after TSS in CD.MethodsA total of 122 CD patients from Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Xuanwu Hospital, and Fuzhou General Hospital were enrolled between January 2000 and January 2019. The T1-weighted gadolinium-enhanced MRI images and clinical data were used as inputs to build clinical and radiomics models. The regions of interest (ROI) of MRI images were automatically defined by a deep learning algorithm developed by our team. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used to evaluate the performance of the models. In total, 10 machine learning algorithms were used to construct models.ResultsThe overall DR rate is 44.3% (54/122). According to multivariate Logistic regression analysis, patients with higher BMI and lower postoperative cortisol levels are more likely to achieve a higher rate of delayed remission. Among the 10 models, XGBoost achieved the best performance among all models in both clinical and radiomics models with AUC values of 0.767 and 0.819 respectively. The results from SHAP value and LIME algorithms revealed that postoperative cortisol level (PoC) and BMI were the most important features associated with DR.ConclusionRadiomics models can be built as an effective noninvasive method to predict DR and might be useful in assisting neurosurgeons in making therapeutic plans after TSS for CD patients. These results are preliminary and further validation in a larger patient sample is needed.
Factors influencing same-day discharge after minimally invasive hysterectomy for malignant and non-malignant gynecological diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Jia , Chen Yali , Tan Xin , Chen Hengxi 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveTo explore the factors influencing the successful implementation of same-day discharge in patients undergoing minimally invasive hysterectomy for malignant and non-malignant gynecological diseases.MethodWe searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and Clinical Trials.gov from inception to May 23, 2023. We included case-control and cohort studies published in English reporting same-day discharge factors in patients undergoing minimally invasive hysterectomy for malignant and non-malignant gynecological diseases. STATA 16.0 was used for the meta-analysis. Risk factors were assessed using odds ratios (OR) (relative risk (RR)/hazard ratios (HR)) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), and logistic regression determined the same-day discharge rate (%).ResultsWe analyzed 29 studies with 218192 patients scheduled for or meeting same-day discharge criteria. The pooled rates were 50% (95% CI 0.46-0.55), and were similar for malignant and non-malignant gynecological diseases (48% and 47%, respectively). In terms of basic characteristics, an increase in age (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.05), BMI (OR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01–1.03), and comorbidities including diabetes and lung disease were risk factors affecting SDD, while previous abdominal surgery history (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 0.93–2.55) and hypertension (OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 0.80–2.93) appeared not to affect SDD. In terms of surgical characteristics, radical hysterectomy (OR: 3.46; 95% CI: 1.90–6.29), surgery starting after 14:00 (OR: 4.07; 95% CI: 1.36–12.17), longer surgical time (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.06), intraoperative complications (OR: 4.68; 95% CI: 1.78–12.27), postoperative complications (OR: 3.97; 95% CI: 1.68–9.39), and surgeon preference (OR: 4.47; 95% CI: 2.08–9.60) were identified as risk factors. However, robotic surgery (OR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.14–1.42) and intraoperative blood loss (OR: 1.16; 95% CI: 0.98–1.38) did not affect same-day discharge.ConclusionsAn increase in age, body mass index, and distance to home; certain comorbidities (e.g., diabetes, lung disease), radical hysterectomy, surgery starting after 14:00, longer surgical time, operative complications, and surgeon preference were risk factors preventing same-day discharge. Same-day discharge rates were similar between malignant and non-malignant gynecological diseases. The surgery start time and body mass index have a greater impact on same-day discharge for malignant diseases than non-malignant diseases.
Fundus photograph-based cataract evaluation network using deep learning
Authors: Gao Weihao , Shao Lei , Li Fang , Dong Li , Zhang Chuan , Deng Zhuo , Qin Peiwu , Wei Wenbin , Ma Lan 
Published: January 2024

Background: Our study aims to develop an artificial intelligence-based high-precision cataract classification and grading evaluation network using fundus images.Methods: We utilized 1,340 color fundus photographs from 875 participants (aged 50–91 years at image capture) from the Beijing Eye Study 2011. Four experienced and trained ophthalmologists performed the classification of these cases based on slit-lamp and retro-illuminated images. Cataracts were classified into three types based on the location of the lens opacity: cortical cataract, nuclear cataract, and posterior subcapsular cataract. We developed a Dual-Stream Cataract Evaluation Network (DCEN) that uses color photographs of cataract fundus to achieve simultaneous cataract type classification and severity grading. The accuracy of severity grading was enhanced by incorporating the results of type classification.Results: The DCEN method achieved an accuracy of 0.9762, a sensitivity of 0.9820, an F1 score of 0.9401, and a kappa coefficient of 0.8618 in the cataract classification task. By incorporating type features, the grading of cataract severity can be improved with an accuracy of 0.9703, a sensitivity of 0.9344, an F1 score of 0.9555, and a kappa coefficient of 0.9111. We utilized Grad-CAM visualization technology to analyze and summarize the fundus image features of different types of cataracts, and we verified our conclusions by examining the information entropy of the retinal vascular region.Conclusion: The proposed DCEN provides a reliable ability to comprehensively evaluate the condition of cataracts from fundus images. Applying deep learning to clinical cataract assessment has the advantages of simplicity, speed, and efficiency.
Ergonomics and performance of using prismatic loupes in simulated surgical tasks among surgeons – a randomized controlled, cross-over trial
Authors: Fan Xuelong , Yang Liyun , Young Nathalie , Kaner Ilayda , Kjellman Magnus , Forsman Mikael 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionRecently developed prismatic loupes may mitigate the high physical workload and risk of neck disorders associated with traditional surgical loupes among surgeons. However, research in this area, particularly among surgeons, is sparse. This study examines the impact of prismatic loupes on surgeons’ physical workload, musculoskeletal discomfort, and performance during simulated surgical tasks.Materials and methodsNineteen out of twenty recruited surgeons performed three tasks in a fixed-order with their own loupes and both low-tilt (LT) and high-tilt (HT) prismatic loupes, in a randomized order. The primary outcomes were the median inclination angles and velocities of the head, trunk, and upper arms, along with the median muscle activity of the cervical erector spinae (CES), upper trapezius (UT), and lumbar erector spinae (LES) for each pair of loupes. The secondary outcomes included performance (completion time and errors), perceived body-part discomfort, and subjective evaluation of the three pairs of loupes.ResultsUsing prismatic loupes, either LT or HT, compared with the surgeons’ own loupes yielded lower head inclinations (all p &lt; 0.001), lower neck muscle activity (all p &lt; 0.05), and lower neck discomfort in indirect comparisons (p &lt; 0.01) with no significant difference in surgical errors (p = 0.628). However, HT loupes resulted in a longer task completion time in two tasks (p &lt; 0.001). Most surgeons preferred LT loupes (N = 12) for their comfort and visual functions.DiscussionThe results indicate that prismatic loupes can reduce physical workload in the neck during simulated surgical task, with no significant difference in surgical errors. Future studies are needed to investigate the long-term effects of prismatic loupes among surgeons.