bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review on the effects of exercise on gut microbial diversity, taxonomic composition, and microbial metabolites: identifying research gaps and future directions
Authors: Cullen John M. A. , Shahzad Shahim , Dhillon Jaapna 
Published: December 2023

The gut microbiome, hosting a diverse microbial community, plays a pivotal role in metabolism, immunity, and digestion. While the potential of exercise to influence this microbiome has been increasingly recognized, findings remain incongruous. This systematic review examined the effects of exercise on the gut microbiome of human and animal models. Databases (i.e., PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched up to June 2022. Thirty-two exercise studies, i.e., 19 human studies, and 13 animal studies with a minimum of two groups that discussed microbiome outcomes, such as diversity, taxonomic composition, or microbial metabolites, over the intervention period, were included in the systematic review (PROSPERO registration numbers for human review: CRD42023394223). Results indicated that over 50% of studies found no significant exercise effect on human microbial diversity. When evident, exercise often augmented the Shannon index, reflecting enhanced microbial richness and evenness, irrespective of disease status. Changes in beta-diversity metrics were also documented with exercise but without clear directionality. A larger percentage of animal studies demonstrated shifts in diversity compared to human studies, but without any distinct patterns, mainly due to the varied effects of predominantly aerobic exercise on diversity metrics. In terms of taxonomic composition, in humans, exercise usually led to a decrease in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and consistent increases with Bacteroides and Roseburia genera. In animal models, Coprococcus, another short chain fatty acid (SCFA) producer, consistently rose with exercise. Generally, SCFA producers were found to increase with exercise in animal models. With regard to metabolites, SCFAs emerged as the most frequently measured metabolite. However, due to limited human and animal studies examining exercise effects on microbial-produced metabolites, including SCFAs, clear patterns did not emerge. The overall risk of bias was deemed neutral. In conclusion, this comprehensive systematic review underscores that exercise can potentially impact the gut microbiome with indications of changes in taxonomic composition. The significant variability in study designs and intervention protocols demands more standardized methodologies and robust statistical models. A nuanced understanding of the exercise-microbiome relationship could guide individualized exercise programs to optimize health.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=394223, identifier CRD42023394223.
Association between illness perception and medication adherence in patients with diabetes mellitus in North Shoa, Zone: cross-sectional study
Authors: Eshete Akine , Getye Birhan , Aynaddis Getachew , Tilaye Bantalem , Mekonnen Elda , Taye Bethlehem , Zeleke Dereje , Deresse Tilahun , Kifleyohans Tewodros , Assefa Yibeltal 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundAlthough the impact of illness perception on medication adherence is well-established, its specific influence on medication adherence in Ethiopia remains unclear. Consequently, the objective of this study was to examine the association between illness perception and medication adherence among patients with diabetes mellitus in the North Shoa Zone.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 24 May to 25 June 2022 in the North Shoa zone. The study included a random sample of 552 individuals with diabetes from four public hospitals. Data was collected and entered into Epi Data V.3.1, and analysis was performed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize continuous variables as means with standard deviations, while categorical variables were presented as percentages. The study variables were analyzed using binary logistic regression models to assess the associations between illness perception and medication adherence. In the bivariable analysis, variables with p-values less than 0.20 were entered into a multivariable logistic regression model. Associations with a p-value ≤0.05 and an odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval were considered statistically significant.ResultsThe study results revealed that medication adherence was 64.4% (95% CI: 60.1, 67.9), while illness perception was 54.7% (95% CI, 41.2, 49.4). There was a significant and strong association between illness perception and medication adherence (p &lt; 0.0001). In the adjusted model, the illness perception components of consequence showed a significant association with medication adherence (AOR = 3.10, 95% CI: 2.11, 4.55). Similarly, personal control (AOR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.20, 2.61) and emotional representation of diabetes (AOR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.54, 3.32) were also significantly associated with medication adherence in patients with diabetes.ConclusionThe findings of this study indicate a positive association between higher illness perception and increased medication adherence and practice. Therefore, when engaging in discussions about diabetic self-management, diabetes educators should employ psychoeducational approaches that take into account the illness perceptions of patients.
Developing the theoretical model of Chinese physical education teachers’ health communication competence: based on grounded theory
Authors: Chen Lilin , Xu Yue , Li Fangfei , Sun Mingzhu , Yin Zhihua , Guo Zhen , Liu Bo 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundPhysical education teachers’ health communication competence is a key factor in health promotion. Although health communication is a multidisciplinary field, medical practitioners are the primary focus of health communication research, whereas physical education teachers are marginalized. Therefore, this study proposes a theoretical model of health communication competence for physical education teachers.MethodsThis qualitative research utilized interviews as the primary data collection method. Purposeful sampling was employed to select participants, including university teachers, primary and secondary school teachers, and health education professionals from diverse regions of China. A total of 31 participants were interviewed through two focus groups (N = 15) and individual semi-structured interviews (N = 16). Grounded theory was used to analyze and code the collected interview materials.ResultsThe health communication competence of physical education teachers consisted of three main categories, 10 subcategories, 30 concepts, and 240 statement labels. The three main categories were as follows: (i) foundations of health communication knowledge and skills (this category encompassed three subcategories, namely sport and health knowledge reserve, health beliefs, and health behaviors); (ii) health communication perception competence (this category included two subcategories, namely health risk and crisis perception competence and communication audience perception competence); and (iii) practical competence of health communication (this category consisted of five subcategories, namely language expression competence, organizational and design competence, utilization of new media tools competence, communication content selection and processing competence, and professional skills).ConclusionThe theoretical model of health communication competence in this study provides a foundation for the involvement of physical education teachers in health communication work. It can serve as a reference for the development of both pre-service health education courses and in-service training systems for physical education teachers. Future research can expand the sample size and geographic coverage to further validate the applicability of the findings. Additionally, investigating the factors influencing the formation of the identified competencies is recommended.
The combined impact of social networks and connectedness on anxiety, stress, and depression during COVID-19 quarantine: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Luo Huiting , Luo Dan , Tang Qiao , Niu Zhiang , Xu Jiajun , Li Jing 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic and associated quarantine measures have precipitated a surge in mental health disorders, particularly depression and anxiety. Government policies and restrictions on physical activity have contributed to this phenomenon, as well as diminished subjective social connectedness and exacerbated objective social isolation. As two dimensions of social isolation, it is worth noting that subjectively perceived social connectedness serves as a protective factor for mental health, whereas the decline in the size of objectively evaluated social networks poses a significant risk. However, research investigating the combined influence of these two dimensions remains limited.MethodsThis study used an online survey to collect data to investigate the effects of objective social connectedness and objective social networks on anxiety, stress, and depression during COVID-19 quarantine. A total of 485 participants were analyzed using statistical methods, including paired t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, linear regression, cluster analysis, ANOVA, and moderated mediated.ResultsThe study found that anxiety and depression scores increased during the quarantine, with age, education, and social connectedness scores associated with the increase. Pre-quarantine anxiety and depression levels were strongly correlated with mental health status during quarantine. Cluster analysis, respectively, revealed three clusters for those without increasing anxiety and depression scores. The study also found that objective social network influences the impact of subjective social connectedness on pre-quarantine mental health, which in turn affects anxiety and depression levels during quarantine.ConclusionThe study identified that quarantine increased anxiety and depression, with age being protective, and education and subjective social connectedness as risk factors. The study also emphasizes the comprehensive impact of objective and subjective social isolation. Although individuals perceive the same degree of social connectedness, those with smaller social networks are more prone to developing symptoms of anxiety and depression, which are also more likely to worsen during quarantine.
Using normalization process theory to inform practice: evaluation of a virtual autism training for clinicians
Authors: O’Hagan Belinda , Augustyn Marilyn , Amgott Rachel , White Julie , Hardesty Ilana , Bangham Candice , Ursitti Amy , Foster Sarah , Chandler Alana , Greece Jacey 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundThere is growing demand for developmental and behavioral pediatric services including autism evaluation and care management. Clinician trainings have been found to result in an increase of knowledge and attitudes. This study utilizes Normalization Process theory (NPT) to evaluate a clinician training program and its effects on practice.MethodsThe year-long virtual training program about autism screening and care management included didactic portions and case presentations. Focus groups and interviews were conducted with primary care clinicians (n = 10) from community health centers (n = 6) across an urban area five months post-training. Transcripts were deductively coded using NPT to uncover barriers to implementation of autism screening and care, benefits of the training program, and areas for future training.ResultsParticipants were motivated by the benefits of expanding and improving support for autistic patients but noted this effort requires effective collaboration within a complex network of care providers including clinicians, insurance agencies, and therapy providers. Although there were support that participants could provide to families there were still barriers including availability of behavior therapy and insufficient staffing. Overall, participants positively viewed the training and reported implementing new strategies into practice.ConclusionDespite the small sample size, application of NPT allowed for assessment of both training delivery and implementation of strategies, and identification of recommendations for future training and practice sustainability. Follow-up focus groups explored participants' practice five months post-program. Variations in participants' baseline experience and context at follow-up to enable application of skills should be considered when using NPT to evaluate clinician trainings.
Morphologic and Molecular Features of Antibody-Mediated Transplant Rejection: Pivotal Role of Molecular Injury as an Independent Predictor of Renal Allograft Functional Decline
Authors: Herz Carsten T. , Diebold Matthias , Kainz Alexander , Mayer Katharina A. , Doberer Konstantin , Kozakowski Nicolas , Halloran Philip F. , Böhmig Georg A. 
Published: December 2023

Current knowledge about the factors correlating with functional decline and subsequent failure of kidney allografts in antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) is limited. We conducted a cohort study involving 75 renal allograft recipients diagnosed with late ABMR occurring at least 6 months after transplantation. The study aimed to examine the correlation of molecular and histologic features with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) trajectories and death-censored graft survival. We focused on sum scores reflecting histologic ABMR activity versus chronicity and molecular scores of ABMR probability (ABMRProb), injury-repair response (IRRAT) and fibrosis (ciprob). In multivariable Cox analysis, a Banff lesion-based chronicity index (ci+ct+cg[x2]; hazard ratio per interquartile range [IQR]: 1.97 [95% confidence interval: 0.97 to 3.99]) and IRRAT (1.93 [0.96 to 3.89]) showed the strongest associations with graft failure. Among biopsy variables, IRRAT exhibited the highest relative variable importance and emerged as the sole independent predictor of eGFR slope (change per IQR: −4.2 [−7.8 to −0.6] mL/min/1.73 m2/year). In contrast, morphologic chronicity associated with baseline eGFR only. We conclude that the extent of molecular injury is a robust predictor of renal function decline. Transcriptome analysis has the potential to improve outcome prediction and possibly identify modifiable injury, guiding targeted therapeutic interventions.
Dermatophyte Infections Worldwide: Increase in Incidence and Associated Antifungal Resistance
Authors: Kruithoff Caroline , Gamal Ahmed , McCormick Thomas S. , Ghannoum Mahmoud A. 
Published: December 2023

The increase in incidence of superficial fungal infections combined with the emergence of antifungal resistance represents both a global health challenge and a considerable economic burden. Recently, dermatophytes, the main culprit causing superficial fungal infections, have started to exhibit antifungal resistance. This can be observed in some of the most common species such as Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Importantly, the new subspecies, known as Trichophyton indotineae, has been reported to show high resistance to terbinafine, a first-line treatment for dermatophyte infections. Compounding these issues is the realization that diagnosing the causative infectious agents requires using molecular analysis that goes beyond the conventional macroscopic and microscopic methods. These findings emphasize the importance of conducting antifungal susceptibility testing to select the appropriate antifungal necessary for successful treatment. Implementing these changes may improve clinical practices that combat resistant dermatophyte infections.
Global Existence, Blowup, and Asymptotic Behavior for a Kirchhoff-Type Parabolic Problem Involving the Fractional Laplacian with Logarithmic Term
Authors: Guan Zihao , Pan Ning 
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we studied a class of semilinear pseudo-parabolic equations of the Kirchhoff type involving the fractional Laplacian with logarithmic nonlinearity: ut+M([u]s2)(−Δ)su+(−Δ)sut=|u|p−2uln|u|,in Ω×(0,T),u(x,0)=u0(x),in Ω,u(x,t)=0,on ∂Ω×(0,T),, where [u]s is the Gagliardo semi-norm of u, (−Δ)s is the fractional Laplacian, s∈(0,1), 2λ<p<2s*=2N/(N−2s), Ω∈RN is a bounded domain with N>2s, and u0 is the initial function. To start with, we combined the potential well theory and Galerkin method to prove the existence of global solutions. Finally, we introduced the concavity method and some special inequalities to discuss the blowup and asymptotic properties of the above problem and obtained the upper and lower bounds on the blowup at the sublevel and initial level.
Probing Reactivity with External Forces: The Case of Nitroacetamides in Water
Authors: La Penna Giovanni , Machetti Fabrizio 
Published: December 2023

Many computational methods have been applied to interpret and predict changes in reactivity by slight modifications of a given molecular scaffold. We describe a novel and simple method based on approximate density-functional theory of valence electrons that can be applied within a large high-performance computational infrastructure to probe such changes using a statistical sample of molecular configurations, including the solvent. All the used computational tools are fully open-source. Following our previous application, we are able to explain the high acidity of C-H bond at α position in nitro compounds when the amide linkage an ammonium group is inserted into the α substituent.
Dampak Berita Hoax pada Masyarakat: Studi Fenomenologi Kelurahan Ngronggo Kota Kediri
Authors: Septiana Nila , Wahyu R Marcelino 
Published: December 2023

Hoax news during a pandemic like this very often circulates among the public. Its impact also cannot be underestimated. Because people who should receive accurate and fact-based information at this time, become receptive to artificial and uncertain information, so that in this study researchers will discuss the process of spreading hoax news and its impact on society. In which the researchers took the object of research, namely the Ngronggo village community, Kediri city.
As for the data collection method, the researcher uses a phenomenological approach where this approach is used to examine a situation that is happening in the community. And also the analytical method used for researchers using descriptive qualitative methods, which this method will explain how things are in the community when there is hoax news circulating. The researchers will analyze the source of the data obtained with communication theories so that they can better explain how the process of spreading hoax news and the impact of the hoax news.
The results of the research itself reveal that the spread of hoax news itself is a noise in Shanon and Weaver's communication theory which in every process of delivering information there will be noise or interference on the channel or media used to convey information. And also the impact caused by the hoax news will lead to the swaying of public opinion and also anxiety that occurs in the community so that it will cause disturbance and noise in the surrounding social environment.
Vyacheslav Ivanov’s Dionysian-mysterial Plot and his Mystical
Anthropology (the Concept of «Thou art»). The First Article
Authors: Kaianidi Leonid 
Published: December 2023

The article «Thou art» is the quintessence of Ivanov’s mystical anthropology. The understanding of this text as a palimpsest in which Christian theology, Sophiology, Gnosticism and Anthroposophy coexist established in the research
literature. But it remains unclear what is the beginning which integrates such diverse semantic layers. Our purpose is to show that such a common denominator is the Dionysian-mysterial plot – a dialectically constructed narrative that goes
back to the orphic myth of Dionysus' tearing. The research material was Ivanov’s poetic, philosophical, scientific and epistolary texts. We used comparative, hermeneutic, structural and semantic methods. In this study, we consider the meaning of the principle «thou art» in Ivanov's works, its genesis and the history of interpretation of Ivanov's mystical anthropology, we define the Dionysian-mysterial plot, describe its structure and analyze the handwritten history of the article «Thou art», which turns out to be directly related to the Dionysian-mysterial plot.
The article «Thou art» has a rich history of interpretation, which, however, suffers from two disadvantages: anti-dialectical static nature and discreteness. To understand the principle of «thou art» we compare it with Ivanov' Dionysianmysterial plot. While analyzing the handwritten history of «Thou art», we show how, at the final stage of work on the text of the article, Ivanov adds several paragraphs in which Dionysian-mysterial motifs are concentrated, thereby emphasizing their significance for his mystical anthropology.
The Relationship between Lead Exposure and Depression in Online Ojek Drivers in West Jakarta in 2022
Authors: Hudyono Johannes , Tamba Ernawati , Silvia Lisa 
Published: December 2023

Lead is a naturally occurring element found in trace amounts in the earth's crust. Lead can be toxic to humans and animals, causing health effects. This study used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional design technique, samples were taken using a non-probability sampling method using an accidental sampling technique, using the Lameshow formula with a total of 100 online motorcycle taxi drivers as subjects. Lead exposure in subjects showed no exposure/mild was not found, moderate, high, very high levels of lead exposure were found in 7 (7.0%), 35 (35.0%), 58 (58.0%) respondents respectively. Subjects with mild, moderate, severe and very severe depression were found in 27 (57.4%), 14 (29.8%), 2 (4.3%), 4 (8.5%) respondents respectively. Obtained subjects with moderate lead exposure with depression, high with depression, very high with depression 3 (3.0%), 16 (16.0%), 28 (28.0%) respondents respectively. Moderate lead exposure was not depressed, high was not depressed, 4 (4.0%), 19 (19.0%), 30 (30.0%) respondents respectively, and the relationship between lead exposure and the incidence of depression obtained results p<0.061, Conclusion in this study there was no significant relationship between lead exposure and the incidence of depression in online motorcycle taxi drivers in West Jakarta in 2022.
Overview of Routine Hematology Results in COVID-19 Patients at UKRIDA Hospital in 2021
Authors: Sinsanta Sinsanta , Susanto Inneke Kusumawati , Priawan Chandra 
Published: December 2023

Coronavirus Disease 2019, more commonly known as COVID-19, is an infectious disease that has a contagious nature, the etiologic cause is Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Several clinical manifestations that commonly occur when infected with COVID-19 include acute respiratory system disorders, for example cough, fever and shortness of breath. on March 12 2020, WHO confirmed that COVID-19 was a pandemic case. This research was conducted in a cross-sectional descriptive manner, using consecutive sampling with a total sample of 110 patients, using secondary data in the form of medical records. It was concluded that the results of routine hematological examinations (hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets) were mostly normal, this was because the patients in the study sample were patients who had recently been infected with the Covid-19 virus, and the medical records taken were the results of a hematological examination. the first time when I entered the hospital. On examination of hemoglobin found 22 patients (20%) decreased. On leukocyte examination, it was found that 28 patients (25.5%) experienced a decrease in platelets, 15 patients (13.6%) decreased.