bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large Triaxial tests on Marginal soil admixed with Randomly Distributed with coir fiber and fly ash
Authors: Praveen G.V , Kurre Pandu , Bukke Lavanya 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Due to a lack of suitable granular soils, it has become necessary for various construction types to use marginal soils (soils of lower strength) at various work sites. Typically, soil with higher percentages of silt and clay (finer particles) exhibits unfavourable engineering characteristics, making it unsuitable for a variety of construction-related operations. These soils are typically possessing plasticity in nature and have low strength, especially when it comes to shear strength. Common approaches like admixture stabilisation are being implemented to enhance the strength characteristics of these soils. The quality of these marginal soils to make them amenable for construction is also being improved by the chemical additives. By adopting such procedures that involve chemical admixing for the process of modifying marginal soils, the cost of construction process rises. In this work, an effort was undertaken with regard to examine the efficacy of modifying marginal soil admixing with cement/lime and with dispersed randomly with coir fibre as reinforcing material. Additionally, shear testing was carried out by admixing fly ash. The objective of the present work is to investigate the shear strength characteristics modified marginal soil and could be affected by the reinforcement of coir fibres. Using the proposed marginal soil, a number of significant triaxial laboratory works were carried out. The experimental study is intended to provide a workable answer for increasing the shear strength of marginal soil. It was observed that the shear strength of marginal soil modified/admixed with ordinary Portland cement and reinforced with random distribution of 2 percent coir fibre and admixed with 10 percent fly ash was roughly one and half to two times that of plain marginal soil.
Analysis of Soil Behavior by Constructing the Micro Pile
Authors: Triveni Natukula , Kommu Suresh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMicro piles are piles having a diameter of less than 300 millimeters. Due to small diameter piles, this may act as reinforcement in the soil. The deep foundation in places with limited access where it is impossible to utilize larger equipment, the micropile can also be deployed. Micro piles can provide tremendous support while reducing costs, environmental effects, and building vibrations. Micro piles have been widely used in a variety of engineering applications such as increasing bearing capacities, reducing settlements, underpinning, in situ soil reinforcing, seismic retrofitting, and foundation rehabilitation. The soil behavior was analyzed by using the Plaxis 2D software. The Saturated unit weight, unsaturated unit weight, friction angle, dilatancy angle, and cohesiveness are among the criteria taken into account when analyzing the behavior of the soil. The considered parameters were assigned to the software and the output will be the lateral displacement and stresses and also to know the cross-section. The micropiles Young’s modulus, diameter, and spacing are additional factors. The behavior of soil was observed by constructing the micropile.
Interaction of Heavy Metals with Plastic Contaminated Soil
Authors: Srinidhi M , Sangeetha S , Krishna P Hari 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Microplastic (MP) contamination is a threat to soil and groundwater system. Disintegration of used plastic products under exposure to solar radiations, application of sewage sludge to the soil, plastic mulching in agricultural activities leads to the formation of microplastics in significant amounts in soil. Hence there is a need from the geo environment engineering perspective on microplastic contamination in soils. Landfills and industrial areas have microplastic pollution in abundance. The presence of microplastic may alter the behaviour of liner material and surface soil in terms of heavy metal retention capacity, shrinkage, permeability and various other properties. In the present study, the soil is artificially polluted with shredded polypropylene (Pp) fragments from single use facial mask which is extensively being used in post COVID-19 situation. Heavy metals such as Lead, Nickel, Copper and Zinc at different concentrations similar to an industrially polluted soil is applied to the plastic contaminated (Pc) and normal soil. The filtrates from the test batches are studied for Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and concentration of heavy metals using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). The obtained results concluded that plastic pollution significantly varied leached out heavy metals concentration to a maximum of 4.9 times that of normal soil. The TDS of the filtrate collected from plastic polluted soil varied by 31.29%.
Laboratory study on the spacing effect of vertical drains on the consolidation characteristics of clay
Authors: Aparna R P , Bindu J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sand drains are extensively utilized to fasten the consolidation rate, especially in soft clay deposits. However, due to the scarcity of sand, it should be substituted with some cost-effective material. In view of this, in the current investigation, along with sand, waste materials like rice husk ash, coir pith, fly ash, and quarry dust were used as drain materials. The consolidation test was performed using Kuttanad clay, filled in a mould of 15 cm diameter and 10 cm height, allowing single drainage. A triangular pattern of three drain system was used in the study. A parametric study on the effect of the spacing of the drain on consolidation characteristics was investigated by varying the spacing/diameter ratio (s/d ratio). It was observed that the consolidation rate is more for coir pith and quarry dust drains compared to rice husk ash and fly ash drain used in the study. The consolidation rate reduces with the increase in the spacing of the drain. For achieving a particular consolidation rate, the required drain spacing has to be known. Correlations were developed to predict the spacing between the drains for attaining a particular coefficient of consolidation.
Stability Analysis of Slope Using Displacement Criteria of Soil on The Shear Plane
Authors: Bala Padmaja S , Reddy G V N , Saibaba Reddy E 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Slope failure can harm structures and endanger lives due to a variety of circumstances. Landslides are such slope failures that are of abrupt, discontinuous, and complex in nature. Adopting suitable slope failure prediction tools is crucial in preventing such catastrophic failures. Conventional methods such as limit equilibrium methods applicability in stability analysis of slopes has become limited due to various limitations. The present study is to understand the slope failure mechanism using a mathematical strategy that simulates actual field conditions. Based on soil properties like the shear modulus of the soil and geometrical characteristics of the slope at failure, mathematical formulations have been developed to assess the stability of slopes. All these parameters are greatly affected by the soil mass displacement on the shearing plane at failure. The current approach demonstrates the critical safety factor, which may be more than 1, but still a threshold value where the conventional methods are lacking. The parametric analysis was conducted to ascertain the impact of displacement on crucial slope safety factors as well as for various soil parameters along the slope’s failure plane.
Analysis of Non-workers Activity-Travel Mode Choice Behaviour for the Effective Usage of Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure
Authors: Kanimozhee S , Srikanth Seelam 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Homemakers, the unemployed, and retirees are examples of non-workers who typically have a greater amount of time than workers. As a result, their travel patterns, and reactions to changes in travel management measures are distinct from those of working individuals. This study provides statistical and exploratory analysis of the activity-travel node choice patterns of non-workers in Bangalore North. The study uses primary activity-travel survey data obtained by conducting person to person questionnaire survey. The data obtained provides an overview of socioeconomic characteristics and activity-travel behavior of non-workers for various activities. Public, private, and NMT vehicles are the different modes considered when determining the choice of mode of travel for the effective usage of sustainable transportation infrastructure. According to the Multinomial Logistic Regression (MNLR) analysis carried out for this study, the main factors that significantly affect non-workers’ choice of mode are gender, two-wheeler ownership, travel time, and travel distance. The analysis also reveals that non-workers don’t prefer using public transit for most of their activities. To encourage non-workers to commute more regularly by public transport, transportation professionals and governments may view this as a crucial topic for future development and planning.
Experimental research on using Quarry Dust to partially replace Natural River Sand and adding Admixtures in Concrete for Rigid Pavements
Authors: Laxmana Reddy R , Sai Kumar K , Srinivas J , Vinesh Kumar V 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
All over the world Concrete is widely used as a sturdy and solid material for various uses. According to International usage, it comes in second place after water. River sand, considered expensive because of its scarce availability, is utilized as one of the raw materials for Concrete. Researchers started looking for potential alternatives for river sand and recent studies by them have shown promising results in using Quarry Dust as a possible alternative for sand and for producing high-quality/strength Concrete. The present study attempted to determine the properties of Quarry Dust and its use as an alternative for river sand in Rigid Pavement construction. Various specimens of M30 Grade Concrete were casted and the test results indicate that by replacing fine aggregate with Quarry Dust the Concrete meets the requirements for Rigid Pavement construction. The strength parameters of M30 Grade Concrete in the form of Cubes, Beams and Cylinders were tested at 7, 14 and 28 days. Compressive Strength Test, Flexural Test and Split Tensile Tests were performed on the test specimens and results show that in concrete up to 40% river sand can be replaced with Quarry Dust and it can be used as an alternative for river sand in Rigid Pavement Construction.
Scour Evaluation Using HEC RAS Model: A Case Study On Musiri Bridge, Trichy, India
Authors: Suriya S. , Vignesh P. , Udhayakumar M. , Vishnuram J. S. , Suresh P.K. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Bridge scour is a natural phenomenon that can cause serious damage to infrastructure. It occurs when water flows around bridge piers or abutments, eroding the soil or sediment that supports them. This can lead to structural failure, which poses a significant risk to public safety. To mitigate this risk, engineers must design bridges with scour in mind, taking into account factors such as flow velocity, sediment transport, and erosion resistance. In doing so, they can ensure that our infrastructure remains safe and sustainable for years to come. Bridge scour evaluation is a crucial step to assure the structure’s safety and integrity. There are several approaches to designing, evaluating, and inspecting bridges for scour. Scour assessment is significant since it might jeopardize the bridge’s integrity. Floods scouring bed material surrounding bridge foundations are the most prevalent cause of bridge failures. Proper scour analysis is required as scour has found to be a serious threat to bridge structures since it increases the risk of collapse of bridge. Moreover, scour seriously affects the capacity of the bridge and causes structural damage. This research focusses on the scour analysis of Musiri bridge (Thanthai Periyar bridge) located on Cauvery River in Trichy. The bridge is subjected to local scour. Hydraulic Engineering Centre, River Analysis Simulation (HEC-RAS) software is used to analyze the effect of scour at different cross sections of the river, both in upstream and downstream. A planform analysis has been done across the bridge for a time period of over 10 years using open-source satellite data with the help of Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS) software. This centre line of the river across the bridge is mapped across different years to understand the effect of scour for the period of 2013 to 2023. Remedial measures have been suggested to combat the effect of scour in the study area. Bridges are just one piece of a larger puzzle, and their construction and maintenance have environmental and social impacts that must be carefully managed. Hence, it’s important to consider the broader implications of infrastructure development and it should ensure safe and simple design of bridge constructions so that the infrastructure investments can benefit both present and future generations.
Effect of vermicompost on soil quality parameters for different land use patterns
Authors: Jayaswal K , Christian J , Singh N K , Padhiyar H , Yadav M , Sanghvi G 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Extensive industrialization, urbanization, and excessive use of chemicals in agricultural practices have caused soil quality depletion and reduced its nutritional value. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of vermicompost (VC) on different soil properties such as pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic carbon, soil organic matter, total phosphorus, and bulk density to understand the soil enrichment for different land use patterns i.e., agriculture soil (AS), forest soil (FS) and barren soil (BS). The collected soil samples were mixed with VC in different proportions (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5) and analyzed in terms of aforementioned parameters. Among the investigated soils, the highest microbial biomass was observed for FS samples and noted in the range of 6 – 8 mg/gm of soil. All the original soils, supplemented samples, and VC were also subjected to plant growth analysis. The soil quality index (SQI) was determined using principal component analysis for selected soil samples and resulted mixtures obtained from soil and various proportions of VC. Among all samples, highest SQI was observed as 0.785 for VC. Overall, the result of the study showed that vermicompost can be a potential substitute of chemical fertilizers, thus improving the soil quality and crop yield.
Assessment of effectiveness of leachate control measures adopted by the GHMC at the Jawaharnagar dump yard, Hyderabad.
Authors: SeethaRam Katakam Venkata , Faheemuddin Mohammed , Sai Akash Prathi Venkata 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
To address the problems posed by hitherto un-scientific method of dumping un-segregated solid waste at the Jawaharnagar dump yard (JDY) recently Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC) adopted certain measures to scientifically process the waste at the JDU; this involves extraction of RDF and manure at various stages besides obtaining mostly inert material for final land filling. The leachate obtained during the process is separately collected and treated at the site. This study aims to check the effectiveness of these measures in controlling the leachate to the surrounding aquifer as groundwater plays a significant role in sustainable use of water resources. Groundwater samples are collected from the surrounding region and analyzed for TDS, TH, chlorides, fluorides besides PH once before the monsoon and once after the monsoon. From the results it can be shown that leachate pollution of groundwater is still a problem. When compared with the groundwater quality data in the literature taken before the recent GHMC measures, the latest data shows marginal improvement as the legacy leachate from the previous landfill nearby continues to pollute the groundwater in the vicinity of the dump yard.
Effects of tafamidis on the left ventricular and left atrial strain in patients with wild-type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis
Authors: Nishizawa Rosy Haruna , Kawano Hiroaki , Yoshimuta Tsuyoshi , Eguchi Chisa , Kojima Sanae , Minami Takako , Sato Daisuke , Eguchi Masamichi , Okano Shinji , Ikeda Satoshi , Ueda Mitsuharu , Maemura Koji 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
Although tafamidis is used in patients with wild-type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTRwt-CA), its specific effect on cardiac function is unclear. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of tafamidis on left atrial (LA) and left ventricular function using speckle-tracking echocardiography for 1 year of treatment in patients with ATTRwt-CA.

Methods and results
We included 23 patients (mean age, 76 years) with ATTRwt-CA confirmed via biopsy. We analysed the left ventricular and LA strain using 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography and compared these parameters before and 1 year after starting treatment with tafamidis between 16 patients with sinus rhythm (SR) and 7 patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). In ATTRwt-CA patients with SR, LA reservoir strain significantly improved by 1-year tafamidis treatment (10.5 ± 5.0% to 11.9 ± 5.3%, P = 0.0307) although global longitudinal strain (GLS) did not (−10.6 ± 3.1% to −11.3 ± 3.0%, P = 0.0608). In contrast, LA reservoir strain was not significantly changed (5.4 ± 2.9% to 4.9 ± 1.7%, P = 0.4571), and GLS deteriorated (−8.4 ± 2.3% to −6.8 ± 1.4%, P = 0.0267) in ATTRwt-CA patients with AF.

Conclusion
LA function improved with tafamidis treatment in ATTRwt-CA patients with SR but not left ventricular function. However, these cardiac functions did not improve with tafamidis treatment in ATTRwt-CA patients with AF.
Show and tell: farmer field days and learning about inputs with heterogeneous yield effects
Authors: Murphy David M A , Roobroeck Dries , Lee David R 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Organic inputs can be effective in reversing soil degradation and improving crop yields, but are often underused in a developing country context. This study seeks to determine whether farmer field days (FFDs) are effective in disseminating information about novel organic inputs, and the extent to which they increase demand for these products. Using experimental auctions to measure willingness to pay (WTP) among smallholder farmers in Western Kenya, we find that those farmers exposed to information from FFDs related to biochar and vermicompost, novel organic inputs, have lower WTP for the products. We present evidence that this is likely driven by two factors in particular: changes in perceptions of input profitability and heterogeneity in yields across demonstration plots within field day sites.
Nut Cracked? Does the ACORN Trial End the Debate Surrounding Vancomycin and Piperacillin-Tazobactam Combination Therapy and Increased Risk for Acute Kidney Injury?
Authors: Pogue Jason M , Aitken Samuel L 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Observational data published over the past decade have suggested that concomitant receipt of piperacillin-tazobactam with vancomycin significantly increases the risk for vancomycin-associated acute kidney injury. Importantly, however, there is significant controversy surrounding this association, and debate continues about the veracity of the risk. Given this ongoing debate, the recently published “Cefepime vs Piperacillin-Tazobactam in Adults Hospitalized With Acute Infection: The ACORN Randomized Clinical Trial” is of tremendous interest to the infectious diseases community. In ACORN, the authors conclude that there was no association between receipt of cefepime or piperacillin-tazobactam and the primary outcome of acute kidney injury or death by day 14, despite the fact that &gt;75% of the population received concomitant vancomycin. In this perspective, we provide a brief history on the controversy, provide a critical analysis of the ACORN findings, and ultimately discuss how these data help inform the ongoing debate.
Liszt as Musical Engraver, Translator, and Colorist
Authors: Kim Hyun Joo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This essay investigates Liszt’s arrangements of the existing instrumental sounds and effects on the piano. Drawing on the discipline of French visual cultural history, this chapter situates Liszt’s sonic reworkings within the nineteenth century’s broader interest in visual art reproduction. Musical analyses illustrate that Liszt experimented with a wide array of adjustments, alterations, and radical transformations, revealing his fidelity to the original and his creativity as an arranger. He reconceived the piano as an instrument capable of suggesting the coloristic effects of particular orchestral instruments from strings to timpani, the organ, and Hungarian folk instruments, such as fiddle and cimbalom. All in all, Liszt fashioned his role as a musical engraver, translator, interpreter, and colorist to make the reproduction in “black and white” as vibrant and alive as the original.
“The Sound of the Show”
Authors: Titrington Craft Elizabeth 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Alex Lacamoire (b. 1975) is an award-winning arranger, orchestrator, keyboardist, music director, and music producer. Through his work on Broadway shows, including In the Heights (2008), Hamilton: An American Musical (2015), and Dear Evan Hansen (2016) and films, including The Greatest Showman (2017) and the In the Heights screen adaptation (2021), Lacamoire is defining the sound of twenty-first century musicals. In this interview, Lacamoire discusses arrangement and orchestration, the collaborative process, his musical influences, his use of digital technologies, and efforts to diversify theater industry music departments. Using score examples from Dear Evan Hansen and Hamilton, he demonstrates his approach to creating “the sound of the show.” A substantive introduction situates the interview and Lacamoire’s work in recent musical theater trends and scholarship.
The Sevdalinka as Traditional Bosnian Love Song
Authors: Efendić Nirha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The sevdalinka represents traditional Bosnian oral lyric poetry, a celebrated form of love song, which emerged in urban locales in the Balkans as a fusion of Slavic oral lyric song and Oriental influences. The term sevdalinka became widely accepted only at the end of the nineteenth century, although the song’s existence can be traced to the second half of the sixteenth century. In addition to twentieth-century definitions of the sevdalinka, this chapter presents a retrospective of the scholarly interest in the genre and representative examples of the most frequent motifs within a literary-theoretical approach. This chapter considers the impact of the sevdalinka on modern lyric poetry and the repertoires of singers who have appeared on radio stations after World War II along with their contributions to the wider popularity of the traditional Bosnian urban love song. The chapter ends with a discussion of recent interpretations of the sevdalinka by younger performers.