bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface Modifying Substances that Reduce Apparent Yeast Cell Hydrophobicity
Authors: Colling Lisa , Essmann Michael , Hollmer Cara , Larsen Bryan 
Published: September 2005

Objective. To determine whether several topical compounds and other chemical entities are able to diminish the surface hydrophobicity of yeast cells.Method. Hydrophobicity of yeast cells was determined by binding styrene microspheres to the surface of untreated yeast or yeast pre‐incubated with various substances with potential for cell surface modification. The degree of microsphere adherence to yeast cells was measured by flow cytometry.Results. A significant reduction in cell surface hydrophobicity was observed when yeast was incubated in protein‐containing media. Other compounds that effectively reduced microsphere binding were various formulations of K‐Ymml ®
and heparin. Divalent cations (Ca++, Mg++, Zn++, Cu++)
were also potent inhibitors of microsphere adherence. It was possible to remove substances contributing to microsphere binding by chemical extraction of the yeast. Yeast having reduced microsphere binding activity also showed diminished binding of concanavalin A.Conclusions. Several commercially available compounds were able to block binding of styrene microspheres to yeast. Some of the binding activity appeared to be attributable to mannose‐containing surface components. These findings have implications for formulating therapeutic products that might block yeast binding to tissues.
Outcomes of Hysterectomy in HIV‐Seropositive Women Compared to Seronegative Women
Authors: Franz Jennifer , Jamieson Denise J. , Randall Hugh , Spann Cyril 
Published: September 2005

Objective. To compare the postoperative complication rates after hysterectomy between HIV‐infected patients and HIV‐uninfected patients.Study design. We conducted a retrospective study of 24 human immunodeficiency virus‐infected patients who underwent hysterectomy between January 1, 2000 and April 2, 2003 at Grady Memorial Hospital. Postoperative complications rates
among HIV‐infected women were compared to those rates among HIV‐uninfected women. Data were analyzed t‐tests for continuous variables and chi‐squared tests for categorical variables.Results. The HIV‐infected women were more likely to report smoking and recreational drug use. In addition, a higher proportion of the HIV‐infected women were co‐infected with hepatitis, with more than one‐quarter of HIV‐infected women
being hepatitis B or C seropositive. Although the study was limited due to small sample size, no significant differences in complication rates were found among HIV‐infected women compared with uninfected women.Conclusion. As HIV‐infected women are living longer, healthier lives we anticipate that increased numbers of HIV‐infected women will be undergoing hysterectomy for benign gynecologic conditions. It will be important, therefore, to carefully
document any potential differences in operative risks.
Automated Method for Tracking Individual Red Blood Cells Within Capillaries to Compute Velocity and Oxygen Saturation
Authors: JAPEE SHRUTI A. , PITTMAN ROLAND N. , ELLIS CHRISTOPHER G. 
Published: September 2005

ABSTRACTObjective: The authors present a new method to track individual red blood cells (RBCs) as they move through capillaries. This method uses a recently developed Measurement and Analysis System for Capillary Oxygen Transport (MASCOT) and the concept of space–time images to track RBCs between consecutive frames of video recordings of the microcirculation.Methods: A space–time image displays in a single static image for a single capillary the location of all RBCs as a function of time. Analysis is performed on video tapes of RBC flow through capillaries to obtain velocity of individual cells as they traverse the capillary of interest. A space–time image is generated to track RBCs from one frame to the next and their velocities are computed. Based on the optical density values of each cell obtained from synchronized videotapes at two wavelengths, the oxygen saturation of a cell can be determined. In this manner, oxygen saturation can be tracked for the same cells as they move through the capillary.Results and Conclusions: These measurements, taken together, allow one to determine how much and how fast oxygen is being delivered to the surrounding tissue. This method provides, for the first time, a way to track individual RBCs flowing through capillary networks and study their RBC dynamics and oxygenation.
Sediment quality and quantity issues related to the restoration of backwater lakes along the Illinois River waterway
Authors: Machesky Michael L. , Slowikowski James A. , Cahill Richard A. , Bogner William C. , Marlin John C. , Holm Thomas R. , Darmody Robert G. 
Published: September 2005

Sedimentation has severely impacted backwater lakes along the Illinois River. The State of Illinois and the US Army Corps of Engineers are currently involved in a joint effort to address ecosystem degradation within the Illinois River Basin, and excessive sedimentation of backwater lakes and side channels is a primary cause of that degradation. Necessary parts of the overall restoration effort are to adequately characterize both the quality and quantity of backwater lake sediments prior to implementing any restoration efforts, and to identify potential beneficial reuses of dredged sediments. This paper summarizes some of our efforts in these areas with an emphasis on Peoria Lake which has received the most attention to date. Sediment characterization has included detailed bathymetric surveys, sediment dating with 137Cs, chemical and mineralogical characterization of sediments to three meters depth, analysis of recent sediments (to 30 cm depth) for acid-volatile sulfide and simultaneously extracted metals, and analysis of ammonia and toxic metals in sediment pore waters. Dredged sediments have also been used in various trial projects to demonstrate potential handling and beneficial reuse strategies.Some significant findings of these studies are: 1) Long-term sedimentation rates are high, and average 1–3 cm y−1; 2) total concentrations of several trace metals (e.g., Pb, Cd, Ni) and PAH compounds sometimes exceed consensus-based probable effect levels for sensitive sediment-dwelling organisms; 3) pore water dissolved ammonia concentrations in Peoria Lake are potentially toxic to sensitive sediment-dwelling species; and 4) weathered sediments can make productive agricultural soils.
A review of the impacts of aquaculture and artificial waterways upon coastal ecosystems in the Gulf (Arabian/Persian) including a case study demonstrating how future management may resolve these impacts
Authors: Al-Jamali F. , Bishop J. M. , Osment J. , Jones D. A. , LeVay L. 
Published: September 2005

Preliminary calculations indicate that western Gulf intertidal mud and sand flat habitats such as those found in Kuwait may contribute some 30 percent of the gross marine productivity for this state, more than double that of any other intertidal biotope. Mud flats are dominated by a microbial mat system; recent application of the stable isotope ratio technique confirms a link between mat production and commercial fish and shrimp species. These findings demonstrate the importance of intertidal productivity so that dredging and coastal reclamation represent one of the most serious impacts on the Gulf environment. In addition, Gulf fish stocks are now fully exploited and many Gulf countries are placing further stress on coastal ecosystems through the development of aquaculture.
Most of these countries now have coastal management plans with zoning of areas for conservation, recreation and development and future planning prioritization should ensure sustainability of marine biodiversity, fisheries, aquaculture, aesthetic and recreational values for coastal habitats during development. Recent coastal construction projects in Qatar, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait demonstrate that even within development zones it is possible to mitigate impact and even expand areas of marine productivity. Key factors are multidisciplinary approaches to design, which promote good water circulation, avoid stagnation, prevent salinity rise due to evaporation and sustain water of bathing quality. It is suggested that artifically created lagoons and waterways could be managed to provide nursery areas suitable for fishery stock enhancement.
Incidence of postcesarean infections in relation to HIV status in a setting with limited resources
Authors: Björklund Kenneth , Mutyaba Twaha , Nabunya Evelyn , Mirembe Florence 
Published: September 2005

Background.  The aim of the present study was to assess the incidence of postcesarean infections in relation to HIV status in a setting where resources are limited, HIV infection is common, and antiretroviral treatment is not generally available.Methods.  The setting was a tertiary African obstetric unit with 27 000 deliveries annually. The study design was prospective and the sample consisted of 1600 of cesarean sections. All women requiring cesarean section were eligible for inclusion. HIV status was registered from the antenatal card only. For the analysis, the participants were divided into two categories: those with negative or unknown HIV status and those with positive HIV status. The main outcome measures are endometritis, wound infection, and mobilization parameters.Results.  A total of 1526 cases, of which 1492 were emergency cesarean sections, were included in the analysis. HIV status was negative or unknown in 1430 cases and positive in 96. In the HIV‐negative/unknown group, the incidence of endometritis was 8.5% (121/1430), wound infection 5.0% (71/1430), and endometritis and/or wound infection 10.8% (154/1430). In the HIV‐positive group, the corresponding incidences were 51.0% (49/96), 29.2% (28/96), and 65.5% (63/96), respectively. The indication for cesarean section was dystocia in 79% (134/170) of the women who developed endometritis.Conclusions.  The results indicate that women with untreated HIV infection are at very high risk of postcesarean infection in low‐resourced settings.
The sensory and microbiological quality of fresh sliced mushroom (Agaricus bisporus L.) packaged in modified atmospheres
Authors: Simón Ana , González‐Fandos Elena , Tobar Vanesa 
Published: September 2005

SummaryThe effect of modified atmospheres, generated by using different packaging films, on the quality of sliced mushrooms was evaluated. The carbon dioxide and oxygen content inside the packages as well as the colour, texture, weight loss, sensory attributes, mesophiles, psychrotrophs, Pseudomonas fluorescens, faecal coliforms, Escherichia coli and anaerobic spores were determined. Modified atmospheres containing 2.5% CO2 and 10–20% O2 reduced the microbial counts and improved the mushrooms’ appearance when compared with an air atmosphere. Modified atmospheres containing 15% CO2 and <0.1% O2 inhibited mushroom development and toughening and reduced microbial growth. Although these atmospheres had no effect on colour, they did allow the development of off odours and anaerobic spores were detected. No differences in microbial growth or mushroom spoilage were observed under the different moisture contents generated in the packages at 4 °C. Aerobic bacteria counts were considered very high even at the beginning.
Survival of tree seedlings across space and time: estimates from long‐term count data
Authors: BECKAGE BRIAN , LAVINE MICHAEL , CLARK JAMES S. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryTree diversity in forests may be maintained by variability in seedling recruitment. Although forest ecologists have emphasized the importance of canopy gaps in generating spatial variability that might promote tree regeneration, the effects of canopy gaps on seedling recruitment may be offset by dense forest understories.Large annual fluctuations in recruitment processes, coupled with the long life of forest trees, can provide an alternative mechanism for maintaining tree diversity. Evaluating the relative importance of spatial vs. temporal variability in recruitment, however, requires estimates of seedling survival that are extensive on both scales.Estimates of survival derived from conventional statistical methods require that individual seedlings are monitored through time, and are therefore often limited in extent. We demonstrate a relatively fast and easy alternative approach to measuring survival that uses repeated counts of individuals in quadrats.Annual seedling counts were used to quantify both the effects of small canopy gaps and understorey shrubs on the survival ofAcer rubrum(red maple) seedlings and the magnitude of residual spatial and temporal variability in seedling survival.We found that a dense understorey had a greater effect on seedling survival than did canopy gaps. Our canopy gaps had only a slight positive effect on seedling survival, and their benefit was offset by a large negative effect of the understorey shrubRhododendron maximum.Annual fluctuations in recruitment processes were seven times greater than spatial variability across transects and the effect of individual years on seedling survival was larger than even that of understorey shrubs.The long life span of trees coupled with large annual variability in recruitment success across species may maintain the diversity of forest trees through a storage effect.
Discordant responses to progestin in a patient with uterine low‐grade smooth‐muscle tumors metastatic to the lung
Authors: Lo Chung‐Ai , Huang Soon‐Cen , Ho Chung‐Liang , Tzeng Ching‐Cherng , Chou Cheng‐Yang , Hsu Keng‐Fu 
Published: September 2005

AbstractA 58‐year‐old woman presented with pelvic, para‐aortic masses and two isolated nodules in the right lung 6 years after hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy for uterine leiomyoma. Laparotomy was carried out and all the intra‐abdominal tumors were excised; pathology showed metastatic low‐grade leiomyosarcomas. Immunohistochemical staining revealed a high expression level of estrogen and progesterone receptors in these tumors. The pulmonary nodules were left and the patient was given oral medroxyprogesterone acetate 200 mg daily after the operation. One of the pulmonary masses regressed progressively and had disappeared 7 months later on chest X‐ray examination. However, the other was persistent. She then received wedge resection to excise the pulmonary nodule, which showed the same histologic pattern as the abdomen masses. However, the immunohistochemical staining on this nodule showed positive estrogen receptor expression but was negative for progesterone receptor expression. After the operation, she maintained progestin treatment and was tumor free for the following 12 months.
Case of mature cystic teratoma of the greater omentum misdiagnosed as ovarian cyst
Authors: Yoshida Atsushi , Murabayashi Nao , Shiozaki Takaya , Okugawa Toshiharu , Tabata Tsutomu 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe teratoma of the greater omentum is a very rare entity. We present a case of mature cystic teratoma of the greater omentum misdiagnosed as ovarian cyst. The patient was a 36‐year‐old woman with an omental teratoma of 5 × 4 × 4 cm and an atrophic left ovary. The histopathologic diagnosis was mature cystic teratoma of the greater omentum and no evidence of immaturity or malignancy was noted. Preoperative tumor marker tests revealed moderate elevation of cancer antigen (CA)125, CA19‐9 and carcinoembryonic antigen. The left ovary of the patient was atrophic and possible autoamputation of the ovarian tissue might be suggested.
Are vaginal fluid procalcitonin levels useful for the prediction of subclinial infection in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes?
Authors: Torbé Andrzej , Czajka Ryszard 
Published: September 2005

AbstractAim: To compare vaginal fluid procalcitonin concentrations in cases of preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM) and premature rupture of membranes (PROM) at term, and to determine whether the procalcitonin concentrations are of value in the diagnosis of pPROM cases suspected of subclinical intrauterine infection or in the prediction of the pPROM‐to‐delivery interval.Methods: Forty‐eight patients with pPROM and 30 with PROM at term were enrolled in this study. In pPROM group, analysis was conducted of procalcitonin concentrations with reference to serum leucocytosis, serum C‐reactive protein levels and vaginal fluid culture, as well as to the presence/absence of neonatal congenital infection or histological chorioamnionitis. The outcomes of pPROM cases were also recorded with reference to pPROM‐to‐delivery interval.Results: Procalcitonin levels in the pPROM group were significantly higher than in cases of amniorrhexis at term (1.50 vs 0.83 ng/mL; P < 0.001). In the pPROM group procalcitonin concentrations between the patients with and without positive laboratory indices of infection were comparable. Also, no significant correlation was observed between procalcitonin and leucocytosis (r = −0.14; P = 0.33) or C‐reactive protein (r = −0.17; P = 0.24). Procalcitonin concentrations of patients who gave birth to newborns with infection were comparable to those in women whose newborns were healthy. In patients with histological chorioamnionitis, procalcitonin concentrations were comparable to those without inflammatory changes.Conclusion: These findings suggest that the value of vaginal fluid procalcitonin determinations is unsatisfactory in the diagnostics of pPROM cases suspected of subclinical intrauterine infection, as well as for the prediction of pPROM‐to‐delivery interval, newborn's congenital infection or histological chorioamnionitis.
Resistance to cisatracurium in a patient with MELAS syndrome
Authors: AOUAD MARIE T. , GERGES FREDERIC J. , BARAKA ANIS S. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryThere are conflicting reports on the response of mitochondrial myopathy patients to the neuromuscular blocking drugs, showing either normal response or marked sensitivity. We present a patient with MELAS syndrome who underwent Nissen fundoplication and gastrojejunostomy. Marked resistance to the nondepolarizing muscle relaxant, cisatracurium was observed. The anesthesia management, as well as the various causes of resistance to cisatracurium in this patient are discussed.
Bronchial compression due to stent placement in pulmonary artery in a child with congenital heart disease
Authors: NÚÑEZ MÓNICA , BELEÑA JOSÉ , CABEZA RAÚL , BELTRÁN MARÍA 
Published: September 2005

SummaryCongenital heart disease, such as transposition of the great vessels (TGV), requires surgical procedures which can lead to important complications. We report on a case of bronchial obstruction following placement of a pulmonary artery stent in a 4‐year‐old boy who had undergone a Rastelli procedure to correct TGV, ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis. There are many complications that can arise as a consequence of intravascular stents in heart surgery, as well as many causes of bronchial compression. However we have not found any report which describes bronchial compression as a direct consequence of endovascular stent.
Hormones, Menstrual Distress, and Migraine Across the Phases of the Menstrual Cycle
Authors: Kibler Jeffrey L. , Rhudy Jamie L. , Penzien Donald B. , Rains Jeanetta C. , Meeks G. Rodney , Bennett William , Dollar Katherine M. 
Published: September 2005

Objective.—The primary objectives of the present study were to (1) contrast reproductive hormone levels and ratings of menstrual distress of female migraineurs with those of a control group in each menstrual cycle phase, (2) examine correlations between hormone levels and migraine frequency, severity, and migraine‐related disability, and (3) examine correlations between menstrual distress and migraine frequency, severity, and migraine‐related disability. A secondary objective was to evaluate the validity of a migraine disability measure modified to reflect 7‐day recall.Background.—Further controlled, prospective study is needed regarding the temporal relationships between reproductive hormones at each stage of the menstrual cycle and fluctuations in migraine activity across the cycle.Methods.—Twenty‐three women (17 with migraine, 6 control participants) completed laboratory hormone assays and measures of menstrual distress and disability at each phase of one menstrual cycle, and monitored their headache activity daily during the same cycle.Results.—The migraine group evidenced lower premenstrual luteinizing hormone and more menstrual distress symptoms at each phase of the menstrual cycle. Hormones were associated with migraine activity and disability within cycle phases, and across phases in a time‐lagged manner. Menstrual distress was associated with ovulatory phase migraine activity and with migraine‐related disability across the menstrual cycle. A retrospective 7‐day migraine disability measure appeared to be a consistently valid index.Conclusions.—Both reproductive hormones and menstrually related distress appear to predict migraine activity and disability. These associations were evident not only for perimenstrual migraine, but also for migraine at each phase of the menstrual cycle.
Increased Plasma Transforming Growth Factor‐β1 in Migraine
Authors: Ishizaki Kumiko , Takeshima Takao , Fukuhara Yoko , Araki Haruko , Nakaso Kazuhiro , Kusumi Masayoshi , Nakashima Kenji 
Published: September 2005

Background and Objectives.—Migraine is characterized by the peripheral and central sensitization of pain perceptive neural systems, and neurogenic inflammation is a key step in the development of migraine headache. We focused on transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1), which is a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine. To address the possibility of TGF‐β1 involvement in migraine, we investigated the plasma level of TGF‐β1 in patients with migraine headache during headache‐free periods.Subjects and Methods.—Sixty‐eight subjects with migraine participated: 23 with migraine with aura (MWA) and 45 without aura (MWoA). We recruited 58 healthy subjects without headache as controls. In addition, we examined 12 subjects with episodic tension‐type headache. Platelet poor plasma (PPP) was obtained from subjects during headache free‐periods. TGF‐β1 levels in PPP were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.Results.—The TGF‐β1 level in PPP was 2.62*± 0.23 (mean ± SE) ng/mL in migraine, 2.08 ± 0.20 ng/mL in tension‐type headache, and 1.80 ± 0.09 ng/mL in controls (P= .007, ANOVA; *P < .01, post hoc tests vs. the controls).Conclusion.—TGF‐β1 in PPP was significantly increased in patients with migraine during headache‐free periods. TGF‐β1 may play some role in the development of migraine headache.