bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of the Stimulated Reservoir Volume by Rate Transient Analysis for Marcellus Shale Horizontal Wells
Authors: Parrish Amanda , Sattari Arya , Aminian Kashy , El Sgher Mohammed , Ameri Samuel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Shale reservoirs are most commonly developed by horizontal wells coupled with multi-stage hydraulic fracturing to create a stimulated volume around the well. The interference among the hydraulic fracture stages in a horizontal well leads to an early boundary-dominated flow (BDF) period within the stimulated reservoir volume (SRV). The application of the rate transient analysis to the production and flowing pressure data from this period can provide an estimate of the gas in place in SRV.
A realistic model for a horizontal Marcellus shale well, with multiple fracture stages, was utilized in this study to simulate gas production and the flowing pressure data. The simulated data by the model were then analyzed by rate transient analysis (RTA) techniques to identify the early BDF period and to estimate the gas in place in SRV. To investigate the impact of the adsorbed gas, shale compaction, and hydraulic fracture spacing on the estimated gas in place in SRV, several sets of the production and flowing pressure data were then simulated and analyzed.
The analysis of the data from the early BDF period provided reliable estimates of the gas in place in SRV. These estimates are impacted by the shale compaction but not significantly by the adsorbed gas and fracture stage spacing. When the fractures are stages are closely spaced, the early BDF period established early and last for a relatively short time. Consequently, the identification of the early BDF becomes difficult leading to uncertainty in the estimated of the gas in place in SRV. However, when the fracture stages are spaced widely, the early BDF may last for a longer time and can be identified more readily.
Success Using Low Emissions API Class L Cement in Cementing Marcellus Production Strings
Authors: Dalton J. , Winegarden J. , Thomas T. , Townsend D. , Enos C. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The manufacture of Portland cement accounts for approximately 8% of the world’s total carbon dioxide emissions. Cement manufacturers and their end users are under immense pressure to find ways to reduce the amount of Portland cement in their processes. While the well-construction industry accounts for a very small portion of the cement produced worldwide, it is still our responsibility to be good stewards of the environment and do what is in our power to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This paper describes the use of a novel API Class L cement with significantly reduced clinker content as a replacement for Class A in cementing Marcellus production casing strings in Monongalia County, West Virginia.
The testing team compared the cementing processes from two pads. The team cemented first pad using a single slurry consisting of 50:50 Poz:Class A cement, and they cemented the second pad using a new slurry consisting of 50:50 Poz:Class L cement. The study presents cement slurry lab results for comparison, as well as results of all jobs using a radial cement bond logging tool. The lab results show that Class L is an adequate replacement for Class A cement, exhibiting similar properties in standard oilwell cement testing. Slurry stability, thickening time, rheology, fluid loss and compressive strength can be tuned to similar ranges by making simple adjustments with commonly used cement additives. The radial cement bond log results show that the zonal isolation provided by the Class L cement is equivalent to that provided by Class A cement.
Shared genetic architecture between sleep behaviors and lifespan
Authors: Xiao Xiao , Wu Yong , Zhang Chu-Yi , Liu Xiaolan , Wang Lu , Li Ming , LI YI 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Poor sleep health is associated with a wide array of increased risk for cardiovascular, metabolic and mental health problems as well as all-cause mortality in observational studies, suggesting potential links between sleep health and lifespan. However, it has yet to be determined whether sleep health is genetically or/and causally associated with lifespan. In this study, we firstly studied the genetic association between sleep behaviors and lifespan using GWAS summary statistics, and both sleep duration time and insomnia were negatively correlated and shared genetic loci with lifespan. Then, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable MR analysis strategy was applied to explore the causal effects between sleep behaviors and lifespan. We found that genetically predicted short sleep duration was causally and negatively associated with lifespan in univariable and multivariable MR analyses, and this effect was partially mediated by coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In contrast, we found that insomnia had no causal effects on lifespan. Our results further confirmed the negative effects of short sleep duration on lifespan and suggested that extension of sleep may benefit the physical health of individuals with sleep loss. Further attention should be given to such public health issues.
The endogenous opioid system in the medial prefrontal cortex mediates ketamine’s antidepressant-like actions
Authors: Pittenger Christopher , Jiang Cheng , DiLeone Ralph , Duman Ronald 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Recent studies have implicated the endogenous opioid system in the antidepressant actions of ketamine, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We used a combination of pharmacological, behavioral, and molecular approaches in rats to test the contribution of the prefrontal endogenous opioid system to the antidepressant-like effects of a single dose of ketamine. Both the behavioral actions of ketamine and their molecular correlates in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) were blocked by acute systemic administration of naltrexone, a competitive opioid receptor antagonist. Naltrexone delivered directly into the mPFC similarly disrupted the behavioral effects of ketamine. Ketamine treatment rapidly increased levels of β-endorphin and the expression of the µ-opioid receptor gene (Oprm1) in the mPFC, and the expression of the gene that encodes proopiomelanocortin, the precursor of β-endorphin, in the hypothalamus, in vivo. Finally, neutralization of β-endorphin in the mPFC using a specific antibody prior to ketamine treatment abolished both behavioral and molecular effects. Together, these findings indicate that presence of β-endorphin and activation of opioid receptors in the mPFC are required for the antidepressant-like actions of ketamine.
Gut microbial CAZymes markers for depression
Authors: zheng peng , Xie Peijun , Zhou Xingyu , Li Yifan , Wu Jing , Zhang Hanping , Huang Yu , Tan Xunmin , Wen Lu , Olasunkanmi Oluwatayo Israel , Zhou Jingjing , Sun Zuoli , Liu Min , Zhang Guofu , Wang Ying , Xie Peng , Yang Jian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious mental illness, characterized by disturbances of gut microbiome, it is required to further explore how the carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) were changed in MDD. Here, using the metagenomic data from patients with MDD (n = 118) and heath controls (HC, n = 118), we found that the whole CAZymes signatures of MDD were significantly discriminated from that in HC. α-diversity indexes of the two groups were also significantly different. The patients with MDD were characterized by enriched Glycoside Hydrolases (GHs) and Polysaccharide Lyases (PLs) relative to HC. A panel of makers composed of 9 CAZymes mainly belonging to GHs enabled to discriminate the patients with MDD and HC with AUC of 0.824. In addition, this marker panel could classify blinded test samples from the two groups with an AUC of 0.736. Moreover, we found that baseline 4 CAZymes levels also could predict the antidepressant efficacy after adjusted confounding factors and times of depressive episode. Our findings showed that MDD was associated with disturbances of gut CAZymes, which may help to develop diagnostic and predictive tools for depression.
Interoceptive training impacts the neural circuit of the anterior insula cortex.
Authors: Sekiguchi Atsushi , SUGAWARA Ayako , KATSUNUMA Ruri , Terasawa Yuri 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Interoception is the perception of afferent information that arises from anywhere and everywhere within the body. Recently, interoceptive accuracy could be enhanced by cognitive training. Given that the anterior insula cortex (AIC) is a key node of interoception, we hypothesized that resting functional connectivity (RSFC) from AIC was involved in an effect of interoceptive training. To address this issue, we conducted a longitudinal intervention study using interoceptive training and obtained RSFC using fMRI before and after the intervention. A heartbeat perception task evaluated interoceptive accuracy. Twenty-two healthy volunteers (15 females, age 19.9 ± 2.0 years) participated. After the intervention, interoceptive accuracy was enhanced, and anxiety levels and somatic symptoms were reduced. Also, RSFC from AIC to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), superior marginal gyrus (SMG), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and brain stem, including nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) were enhanced, and those from AIC to the visual cortex (VC) were decreased according to enhanced interoceptive accuracy. The neural circuit of AIC, ACC, and NTS is involved in the bottom-up process of interoception. The neural circuit of AIC, DLPFC, and SMG is involved in the top-down process of interoception, which was thought to represent the cognitive control of emotion. The findings provided a better understanding of neural underpinnings of the effect of interoceptive training on somatic symptoms and anxiety levels by enhancing both bottom-up and top-down processes of interoception, which has a potential contribution to the structure of psychotherapies based on the neural mechanism of psychosomatics. Trial registration number: UMIN000037548.
https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000042812
Exploring Lessons from Regional Maintenance Workshop to Enhance Medical Equipment Functionality in Ethiopia
Authors: Bekele Abebe , Nyaruhirira Alaine Umubyeyi , Gashu Zewdu , Gebreyohannes Asfawesen , Gemechu Daniel , Habtewold Ashenafi , Assefa Solomon , Assefa Alemayehu , Beyene Rahel , Ahamed Beyan , Mekasha Fikru , Abera Sakata , Eshetu Kirubel , Biru Mulatu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
WHO estimates that around 50% of medical equipment in developing countries are not functional. In Ethiopia, lack of proper management of medical equipment has limited the capacity of health institutions to deliver adequate health care services.
Objective
To evaluate the status of regional medical equipment maintenance workshops in relation to their establishment purpose.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study where we used structured questionnaires to determine the number of qualified biomedical engineers and biomedical technicians, the number of the health facilities beneficiaries, the management structure, the maintenance and the training activities of the maintenance workshop. The collected data were analyzed by Microsoft excel.
Results
In May 2021, assessments were carried out on 10 of 11 regional medical equipment maintenance workshops established by Ethiopia ministry of health.
The number of biomedical engineers and biomedical technicians working in the workshop vary from nine to two. The number of health facilities receiving maintenance service was as high as 87 and as low as one. 25% of preventive maintenance and 40% of corrective maintenance activities were practiced in the maintenance workshops. 13.3% of the training activities were practiced in the maintenance workshops. The management structure of the workshops was varying and lacked basic materials and a budget to provide training and maintenance services.
Conclusion
The assessment indicates that the role of maintenance workshop to support the functionality of medical equipment is not as desired which indicates the need of improvement plan by ministry of health and other stakeholders working on healthcare systems.
Comparison of plaque control record measurements obtained using intraoral scanner and direct visualization
Authors: Yoshiga Chiro , Doi Kazuya , Oue Hiroshi , Kawagoe Maiko , Kobatake Reiko , Umehara Hanako , Wakamatsu Kaien , Tsuga Kazuhiro 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Intraoral scanner (IOS) can acquire three-dimensional color images of teeth. Thus, the detection of areas with plaque adhesion stained by plaque-disclosing solutions using an IOS could be a potential oral hygiene evaluation method. This study aimed to verify the usefulness of obtaining O’Leary’s plaque control record (PCR) measurements using an IOS in clinical practice.
Methods
Twenty patients with > 20% PCR measurements who underwent oral prophylaxis were enrolled in this study. A plaque-disclosing gel was applied to stain the areas with plaque adhesion, and the dentition was scanned using the IOS. The PCR values obtained via the direct method and those obtained using the digital image were compared for the entire dentition, maxillary total area, the labial and palatal aspects of the maxillary anterior teeth, the buccal and palatal aspects of the maxillary posterior teeth, mandibular total area, the labial and lingual aspects of the mandibular anterior teeth, and the buccal and lingual aspects of the mandibular posterior teeth.
Results
The IOS group tended to have higher values than the direct observation group. The labial and palatal aspect of the maxillary anterior teeth, the labial and lingual aspects of the mandibular anterior teeth did not differ significantly between the groups.
Conclusion
Plaque adhesion was visualized more easily and conclusively using an IOS than by direct observation. As the large tip size often hinders its use, it is necessary to develop a smaller IOS tip in the future.
Trial registration
This clinical study was approved by the Hiroshima University Hospital Certified Review Board (CRB6180006). This study was conducted as a clinical research study (jRCTs062220068, Registration date November 8, 2022) in accordance with the Good Clinical Practice Guideline of the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH-GCP).
Metabolomic analysis identifies guanosine as an early biomarker in Diabetic Cognitive Dysfunction in high-altitude
Authors: Shi Jing , Meng li , zhang hui , Feng li , wang yuan , Li yan , Guo yue , Li mei , He lin , Cheng jian , wu hong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder frequently accompanied by cognitive dysfunction and affects nearly 30% of people with diabetes, is an independent risk factor for cognitive dysfunction. Exposure to high-altitudes (above 2500 meters above sea level) with hypobaric hypoxia can also lead to cognitive dysfunction. Which is also a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, the two risk factors of diabetes and high-altitude combined, the damage to cognitive dysfunction may be more serious, and may even develop into dementia. So, early diagnosis and discovery of cognitive function biomarkers of diabetes at high-altitude are of great significance for prevention and treatment. This study is to investigate the early specific metabolites biomarkers of diabetic cognitive dysfunction in high-altitude by using metabolomics technology. Total 400 subjects were divided into four groups, diabetics in high-altitude (H-T2DM), normal control in high-altitude (H-HC), diabetics in low-altitude (L-T2DM)，normal control in low-altitude (L-HC). Cognitive deficits were assessed in H-T2DM and L-T2DM using a cognitive function recognition test. The recognition test showed significant cognitive impairment in the H-T2DM. Serological results showed higher hemoglobin (HbA1c) values ​​in the H-T2DM. Four groups of serum samples were analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) platform. The stability of the model was verified by principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Metabolites with significant differences were screened out as potential biomarkers through the OPLS-DA model according to the importance of variables in the project (VIP ＞1) and the P value of the t-test (P＜0.05). Through multivariate statistical and integrated analysis, a total of 26 differentially expressed endogenous metabolites were identified (18 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated in H-T2DM). Through pathway topology analysis, we found that the pipecolic acid, lauric acid, guanosine and kaempferol could be accepted as early biomarkers of diabetic cognitive impairment in high-altitude. The prediction accuracy rate was as high as 92%. The identified biomarkers are mainly related to lysine degradation, fatty acid biosynthesis, purine metabolism and metabolic pathways. Through the verification of multi-center population, it was found that guanosine is the biomarker with the most potential to become an early biomarker. This study reveals for the first time reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis of diabetes at high-altitude. It may be provide new ideas and strategies for early diagnosis.
Comparing long-term patterns of spread of native and invasive plants in a successional forest
Authors: Yamamoto Matthew , Jones Chad 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

A fundamental question in invasive plant ecology is whether invasive and native plants have different ecological roles. Differences in functional traits have been explored, but we lack a comparison of the factors affecting the spread of co-occurring natives and invasives. Some have proposed that to succeed, invasives would colonize a wider variety of sites, would disperse farther, or would be better at colonizing sites with more available light and soil nutrients than natives. We examined patterns of spread over 70 years in a regenerating forest in Connecticut, USA where both native and invasive species acted as colonizers. We compared seven invasive and 19 native species in the characteristics of colonized plots, variation in these characteristics, and the importance of site variables for colonization. We found little support for the hypotheses that invasive plants succeed by dispersing farther than native plants or by having a broader range of site tolerances. Colonization by invasives was also not more dependent on light than colonization by natives. Like native understory species, invasive plants spread into closed-canopy forest and species-rich communities despite earlier predictions that these communities would resist invasion. The biggest differences were that soil nitrate and the initial land cover being open field increased the odds of colonization for most invasives but only for some natives. In large part, though, the spread of native and invasive plants was affected by similar factors.
Evaluation of Body Shape as a Human Body Composition Assessment in Isolated Conditions and Remote Environments
Authors: Wong Michael , Bennett Jonathan , Leong Lambert , Liu Yong , Kelly Nisa , Cherry John , Kloza Kate , Li Bosco , Iuliano Sandra , Sibonga Jean D. , Sawyer Aenor , Shepherd John 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background Individuals in isolated conditions and extreme environments can experience debilitating side effects from their environment, which may include a significant decrease in fat-free mass (FFM) from disuse and inadequate nutrition. At its most severe, the decrease in FFM may lead to sarcopenia and frailty. Although there are dietary and physical activity countermeasures, there lacks accessible methods to quantify regional and total FFM during long-isolated missions. The objective of this study was to determine the strengths and weaknesses of three-dimensional optical (3DO) imaging for monitoring body shape and composition in either simulated or actual remote and isolated environments.Methods Thirty healthy adults (ASTRO, male = 15) and twenty-two Antarctic Expeditioners (ABCS, male = 18) were assessed for body composition using a whole-body 3DO scanner. The 3D mesh was used as the 3DO scanner’s output. ASTRO participants completed duplicate whole-body 3DO scans while standing and inverted by gravity boots plus a single dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan. The inverted scans were used as an analog for fluid redistribution from gravity changes. 3DO body composition estimates were compared to DXA with linear regression and reported with the coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE). Duplicate 3DO scans were used for test-retest precision, which was reported with the percent coefficient of variation (%CV) and RMSE. ABCS participants received only duplicate whole-body 3DO scans on a monthly basis. An existing body composition model was used to estimate fat mass (FM) and FFM composition and longitudinal change from 3DO meshes.Results Standing ASTRO 3DO meshes achieved an R2 of 0.76, 0.97, and 0.78 with an RMSE of 2.62 kg, 2.04 kg, and 0.06 kg for FM, FFM, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), respectively, in comparison to DXA. Inverted 3DO meshes achieved an R2 of 0.52, 0.93, and 0.39 with an RMSE of 2.84 kg, 3.23 kg, and 0.11 kg for FM, FFM, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), respectively, in comparison to DXA. Test-retest precision of inverted 3DO meshes had good precision in total fat-free as well as arm, leg, and trunk fat-free mass (%CV = 2.3%, 2.95%, 1.34%, and 1.55%; RMSE = 1.32, 0.12, 0.14, and 0.47 kg, respectively). For the ABCS arm, mean weight, FM, and FFM changes were − 0.47 kg, 0.06 kg, and − 0.54 kg, respectively.Conclusion Simulated weightlessness and fluid redistribution decreased the accuracy of estimated body composition values from 3DO scans. However, FFM was the most robust. Overall, 3DO imaging showed good absolute accuracy and precision for body composition assessment in isolated conditions and remote environments.
Community stigma, victimization, and coping strategies among gays, bisexuals, and other cis-gender men who have sex with men in slum communities in Ghana. BSGH-003
Authors: Shamrock Osman Wumpini , Abu-Ba'are Gamji Rabiu , Zigah Edem Yaw , Dakpui Henry Delali , Adjaka Gideon , LeBlanc Natalie M. , Alio Amina P. , Nelson LaRon 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Gays, bisexuals, and cis-gender men who have sex with men (GBMSM) face severe consequences, especially within stigmatized environments. However, very little is known about the experiences of GBMSM living in slums in SSA and Ghana. This study investigates the experiences of stigma, victimization, and coping strategies and proposes some interventional approaches for combating stigma facing GBMSM in slum communities.
Methods
We engaged GBMSM living in slums in two major Ghanaian cities. We used a time-location sampling and collected data through in-depth individual interviews. Two major themes emerged from the study: 1) insecurities and criminalization of GBMSM activity, and 2) GBMSM coping strategies.
Results
Findings show GBMSM experienced negative attitudes from the community due to their sexual behavior/orientation. GBMSM also developed coping strategies to avert negative experiences, such as hiding their identities/behavior, avoiding gender non-conforming men, and having relationships with persons outside their communities.
Conclusion
We propose interventions such as HIV Education, Empathy, and Empowerment and Acceptance, and Commitment Therapy as possible measures to improve the experiences of GBMSM living in Ghanaian slum communities.