bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of CFTR modulators in special populations, part 1: Pregnancy and lactation
Authors: Elijah Joseph , Fitzgerald Linda J. , Phan Hanna 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSafety and efficacy data regarding cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator use in the setting of pregnancy or breastfeeding remains lacking due to exclusion from key trials and lack of multicenter prospective and retrospective studies in the post‐CFTR modulator era. A scoping review of English articles from the period of January 1, 2012, to July 31, 2023, was conducted utilizing PubMed and EmBase databases with the following terms: “special population (pregnancy, lactation, breastfeeding)” AND “ivacaftor OR lumacaftor OR tezacaftor OR elexacaftor”; “cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator” AND “off label drug use.” Search results were reviewed by title and abstract for duplications and relevance. Relative to pregnancy or breastfeeding, a total of 18 publications were included for review. Majority of case reports and surveys concluded maternal and infant health were preserved throughout gestation. Likewise, breastfeeding infant case reports show possible changes in liver function and lens opacities, though risk may be increased with both in‐utero and breastfeeding exposure. Ivacaftor (IVA) and lumacaftor (LUM) concentrations in fetal cord blood and maternal blood were found to be equivalent. Yet, low concentrations of IVA and LUM were detectable in breastmilk and infant plasma. Current safety data surrounding CFTR modulator use in the setting of pregnancy and lactation is relatively reassuring; however, long‐term safety remains unclear, necessitating ongoing observation, and reporting by care teams. As such, treatment decisions should be individualized and coproduced.
A comparative proteomic analysis for non‐invasive early prediction of hypoxic‐ischemic injury in asphyxiated neonates
Authors: Gurtoo Sumrati , Karthikkeyan Gayathree , Behera Santosh Kumar , Kotimoole Chinmaya Narayana , Najar Mohd. Altaf , Modi Prashant Kumar , KS Sahana , Pinto Sneha M. , AB Arun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimHypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) is one of the principal causes of neonatal mortality and long‐term morbidity worldwide. The neonatal signs of mild cerebral injury are subtle, making an early precise diagnosis difficult. Delayed detection, poor prognosis, and lack of specific biomarkers for the disease are increasing mortality rates. In this study, we intended to identify specific biomarkers using comparative proteomic analysis to predict the severity of perinatal asphyxia so that its outcome can also be prevented.Experimental DesignA case‐control study was conducted on 38 neonates, and urine samples were collected within 24 and 72 h of life. A tandem mass spectrometry‐based quantitative proteomics approach, followed by validation via sandwich ELISA, was performed.ResultsThe LC‐MS/MS‐based proteomics analysis resulted in the identification of 1201 proteins in urine, with 229, 244, and 426 being differentially expressed in HIE‐1, HIE‐2, and HIE‐3, respectively. Axon guidance, Diseases of programmed cell death, and Detoxification of reactive oxygen species pathways were significantly enriched in mild HIE versus severe HIE. Among the differentially expressed proteins in various stages of HIE, we chose to validate four proteins – APP, AGT, FABP1, and FN1 – via sandwich ELISA. Individual and cumulative ROC curves were plotted. AGT and FABP1 together showed high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of HIE.ConclusionEstablishing putative urinary biomarkers will facilitate clinicians to more accurately screen neonates for brain injury and monitor the disease progression. Prompt treatment of neonates may reduce mortality and neurodevelopmental impairment.
‘Going to study or plan to stay on?’ Mobility profiles of Angolan and Cape Verdean students in Portugal
Authors: Alves Elisa , King Russell , Malheiros Jorge 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough a relatively small player in the global arena of international student migration/mobility (ISM), Portugal hosts an increasing number of international students, the vast majority of whom are from its former colonies. This paper shifts the debate on ISM away from the Anglophone world by examining the future mobility intentions and outcomes of students and graduates from Angola and Cape Verde who are or were enrolled in Portuguese universities. Based on 85 interviews with 49 participants, we explore their decision‐making processes about the location of their future careers—back in their home country, in Portugal, or elsewhere. We pay particular attention to how their thinking about their future lives—and where they want to be—changes during the course of their study in Portugal. A close reading of the participants' narratives enables the construction of a fourfold typology of their sociospatial trajectories (fulfilled and envisaged) and the reasons behind them. We label them: (i) maximisers; (ii) dreamers; (iii) globally mobile; and (iv) runners. These categories are not mutually exclusive and, for any given individual, can change over time, demonstrating the complexity of international students' plans and outcomes.
Purcell‐Enhanced Single‐Photon Emission in the Telecom C‐Band
Authors: Kaupp Jochen , Reum Yorick , Kohr Felix , Michl Johannes , Buchinger Quirin , Wolf Adriana , Peniakov Giora , Huber‐Loyola Tobias , Pfenning Andreas , Höfling Sven 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurcell‐enhanced quantum dot single‐photon emission in the telecom C‐band from InAs quantum dots inside circular Bragg grating cavities is shown. The InAs quantum dots are grown by means of molecular beam epitaxy on an InP substrate and are embedded into a quaternary In0.53Al0.23Ga0.24As membrane structure. In a post‐growth flip‐chip process with subsequent substrate removal and electron beam‐lithography, circular Bragg grating (“bullseye”) resonators are defined. Micro‐photoluminescence studies of the devices at cryogenic temperatures of K reveal individual quantum dot emission lines into a pronounced cavity mode. Time‐correlated single‐photon counting measurements under above‐band gap excitation yield Purcell‐enhanced excitonic decay times of ps corresponding to a Purcell factor of . Pronounced photon antibunching with a background limited is observed, which demonstrates that the light originated mostly from one single quantum dot.
Uniportal robotic assisted surgery for anatomical lung resection—First German experience
Authors: Stamenovic Davor , Schiller P. , Karampinis I. , Galata C. , Roessner E. D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundUniportal robotic‐assisted thoracic surgery (uRATS) has emerged as a promising technique with potential advantages over multiportal approaches. This study aims to evaluate our initial outcomes of uRATS.Material and MethodsFive patients underwent anatomic lung resections with systematic nodal dissection through a uniportal robotic approach by one surgeon. The results were compared to the results of the first five uniportal video‐assisted thoracic surgery (uVATS) anatomical resections performed by the same surgeon.ResultsNo adverse events occurred during the uRATS‐procedures. Comparable surgical outcomes were observed between uRATS and uVATS, including hospital stays, complication rates, and blood loss. The average procedural time was slightly but non‐significantly longer in the uRATS‐group. Average pain‐scores were lower in the uRATS group. One patient in each group experienced major postoperative complications, with one case of in‐hospital mortality in the uRATS‐group.ConclusionThe outcomes of uRATS/uVATS were comparable, highlighting the potential and the feasibility of this technique. Prospective studies comparing the learning curves, complication rate and hospital‐stay are required in order to justify the superiority of robotics over uVATS.
Adaptive state feedback control of output‐constrained stochastic nonlinear systems with stochastic integral input‐to‐state stability inverse dynamics
Authors: Xie Ruiming , Xu Shengyuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article studies the adaptive state‐feedback control problem of output‐constrained stochastic high‐order nonlinear systems with stochastic integral input‐to‐state stability (SiISS) inverse dynamics. A key nonlinear transformation function is constructed to convert the original output‐constrained stochastic nonlinear system into an equivalent form without any output constraint. By subtly using the SiISS small‐gain condition and fully extracting the characteristics of system nonlinearities, two new control design and analysis methods are developed to guarantee that the closed‐loop system has an almost surely unique solution, all the closed‐loop signals are bounded almost surely, and the equilibrium point is stable in probability without the violation of output constraint. A simulation result is provided to show the effectiveness of this control method.
The CoFeNC@NC Catalyst with Numerous Surface Cracks Bidirectionally Catalyzes the Conversion of Polysulfides to Accelerate the Reaction Kinetics of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Wei Hualiang , Gong Yanli , Gao Chunming , Chen Zexiang , Zhou Zhiyu , Lv Huifang , Zhao Yang , Bao Mengyao , Yu Ke , Guo Xiaowei , Wang Yan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMore and more attention has been paid to lithium–sulfur (Li─S) batteries due to their high energy density and low cost. However, the intractable “shuttle effect” and the low conductivity of S and its reaction product, Li2S, compromise battery performance. To address the inherent challenges, a hollow composite catalyst as a separator coating material is designed, in which CoFe alloy is embedded in a carbon skeleton (CoFeNC@NC). In the hybrid structure, the carbon layer can endow the batteries with high electrical conductivity, while the CoFe alloy can effectively bidirectionally catalyze the conversion between lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and Li2S, accelerating the reaction kinetics and reducing the dissolution of LiPSs. Furthermore, the distinctive hollow structure with a cracked surface can facilitate the exposure of a more accessible catalytically active site and enhance Li+ diffusion. Benefiting from the synergistic effects, Li─S batteries with a CoFeNC@NC catalyst achieve a high sulfur utilization (1250.8 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C), superior rate performance (756 mAh g−1 at 2 C), and excellent cycling stability (an ultralow capacity fading of 0.054% per cycle at 1 C for 1000 cycles). Even at a sulfur loading of 5.3 mg cm−2, a high area capacity of 4.05 mAh cm−2 can still be achieved after 100 cycles, demonstrating its potential practicality.
High‐Performance, Multifunctional, and Designable Carbon Fiber Felt Skeleton Epoxy Resin Composites EP/CF‐(CNT/AgBNs)x for Thermal Conductivity and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Luo Jiamei , Yang Xueqin , Xue Yi , Yang Chenxi , Yang Zehao , Cai Zhixiang , Liu Yong , Ma Yu , Zhang Hui , Yu Jianyong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this work, high‐performance epoxy resin (EP) composites with simultaneous excellent thermal conductivity (TC) and outstanding electromagnetic shielding properties are fabricated through the structural synergy of 1D carbon nanotubes and 2D silver‐modified boron nitride nanoplates (CNT/AgBNs) to erect microscopic 3D networks on long‐range carbon fiber (CF) felt skeletons. The line‐plane combination of CNT/AgBNs improve the interfacical bonding involving EP and CF felts and alleviate the phonon scattering at the interface. Eventually, the TC of the EP composites is enhanced by 333% (up to 0.91 W m−1 K−1) with respect to EP due to the efficient and orderly transmission of phonons along the 3D pathway. Meanwhile, the unique anisotropic structure of CF felt and exceptional insulating BNs diminishes the electronic conduction between CNT and CFs, which protects the through‐plane insulating properties of EP composites. Furthermore, the EP composites present favorable electromagnetic shielding properties (51.36 dB) attributed to the multiple reflection and adsorption promoted by the multiple interfaces of stacked AgBNs and heterointerface among CNT/AgBNs, CF felt and EP. Given these distinguishing features, the high‐performance EP composites open a convenient avenue for electromagnetic wave (EMW) shielding and thermal management applications.
The question of category: A reconceptualization through Luhmann's systems theory
Authors: Skoblik Konstantin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough the problem of category has traditionally been addressed by various scholars since Aristotle, Luhmann's epistemology has kept this matter in a suspended state, occasionally prioritizing some concepts (presumably categories) over others. However, for the sake of a consistent analysis of the semantics and societal self‐descriptions, it is better to have categorical constructs as focal points of systemic analysis manifested. Drawing upon resources of Luhmann's systems theory and Durkheim's sociology, this paper aims at elaborating the concept of category as an essential element of autopoietic analytical optics. It is shown that categories possess the following attributes: the highest degree of generalization and condensation, necessity, universality despite semantic variability, historicity and evolutionary characteristics. Amid a range of distinctions, system/environment, dis‐/similar, un‐/equal and distinction itself are considered to be categorical. These serve to carry out a primordial marking of ‘unmarked space’ and prepare the essential foundation for connectivity and other distinction generation.
Exosomal miRNA‐166‐5p derived from G‐MDSCs promotes proliferation by targeting ITM3E in colorectal cancer
Authors: Ma Tao , Jiang Jinling , Shi Min , Xu Haoping 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe immune milieu of colorectal cancer is a complex phenomenon. It is imperative to investigate the crucial immune factors that promote the progression of colorectal cancer. Immune suppressor cells are granulocytic myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (G‐MDSCs). However, they also increased cancer growth in other ways that need to be investigated further.MethodsUsing flow cytometry, we isolated G‐MDSCs from colorectal cancer tissues. Ultracentrifugation was used to separate exosomes from the supernatant of G‐MDSCs, and western blotting, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and flow cytometry were used to confirm their presence. RNA sequencing was used to identify unique miRNAs and transcripts, which were subsequently confirmed by RT‐qPCR (real‐time quantitative real‐time PCR). The CCK‐8 test was used to determine the rate of proliferation. Lentiviral vectors were employed to manipulate the expression of miRNAs and genes in order to investigate their role in the development of colorectal cancer.ResultsColorectal cancer tissues have been found to contain granulocyte‐myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (G‐MDSCs) that secrete exosomes. These exosomes have been shown to accelerate cancer progression by promoting cell proliferation. Further research has identified microRNA‐166‐5p as a target from G‐MDSC‐derived exosomes. This downregulation leads to the inhibition of integral membrane protein 2B (ITM3E) transcription, which in turn activates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This pathway promotes cell proliferation and can be inhibited using deguelin. The accelerated development of colorectal cancer has been further confirmed in mice models.ConclusionThe primary results of this work show that exosomes produced from G‐MDSCs and the miR‐166‐5p/ITM3E axis have therapeutic and diagnostic promise in colorectal cancer.
Study of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in vitro and molecular docking analysis of periplocin inhibits cell cycle progression and induces apoptosis in MDA‐MB‐231
Authors: Liu Xiaomin , Liu Jinsheng , Yan Bing , Quan Zhuo , Wang Xiaolong , Ma Yujing , Alarfaj Abdullah A. , Yan Lei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBreast cancer mainly affects women and is the second leading cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. Breast cancer affects women aged 15–59. The current study explored periplocin's anticancer activities against breast cancer MDA‐MB‐231 cells by down‐regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. The MTT assay assessed control‐treated and periplocin (2.5–50 μM) treated MDA‐MB‐231 cell viability. ROS accumulation and apoptosis levels in periplocin‐treated cells were examined using DAPI, dual staining, and Annexin V‐FITC/PI assays. Caspase enzymes were studied using assay kits. Flow cytometry was used to measure cell cycle distributions. Periplocin‐treated cells were analyzed using RT‐PCR assays and insilico analyses for the expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR molecules. The periplocin treatment remarkably reduced the viability of the MDA‐MB‐231 cells, with an IC50 concentration of 7.5 μM. The fluorescent staining assays revealed a substantial increase in ROS levels and apoptotic events in the periplocin‐treated cells. The flow cytometry analysis revealed that periplocin triggered apoptosis and arrested the cell cycle in G0/G1 phases. Periplocin increased the caspase‐3, ‐8, and ‐9 enzyme activities. In MDA‐MB‐231 cells, Periplocin decreased PI3K/Akt/mTOR activity, and in silico analysis, Periplocin was inhibited by CDK8‐Cyclin C interactions. Periplocin has anticancer properties against breast cancer and may be an effective therapeutic agent for treating breast cancer.
Clinical and imaging features of a feline lumbar myelopathy resembling ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in humans
Authors: Reus‐Coll Mar , Añor Sònia , Pumarola Martí , Montes de Oca Ignacio , de la Fuente Cristian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA 9‐year‐old, male, neutered Russian blue cat was presented for a 2‐week history of pelvic limb weakness and reluctance to jump and climb stairs. Neurological examination was consistent with an L4–L6 myelopathy. Ectopic calcification of soft tissues within the vertebral canal involving the dorsal longitudinal ligament over the L5–L6 vertebrae was diagnosed based on radiography, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. The lesion was surgically excised, and histopathological examination demonstrated fibrous connective tissue with calcification. The patient was neurologically normal 2 months after surgery, and no relapses have occurred in a follow‐up period of 2 years. The findings in this case had not been previously reported in cats, and share some similarities with a clinical entity in humans named ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.
Deep learning based an effective hybrid model for water quality assessment
Authors: Utku Anıl , Utku Esen Damla , Kutlu Banu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWater, which is very important for life and civilizations on Earth, has been a source of life for all living things. However, freshwater resources gradually decrease due to climate change, pollution, and population growth. Water pollution is the quality changes that occur due to various activities of people, change the chemical, biological, and physical properties of water, restrict or prevent its use, and disrupt ecological balances. The water quality criteria determined to keep this pollution under control ensure the safe use of water. Water quality observations have gained more importance today due to intense environmental concerns and water pollution. This situation revealed the necessity of water quality assessment for water source use. In this study, the CNN‐LSTM‐based hybrid model was proposed to assess water quality. The proposed model was compared with AdaBoost, DT, GNB, kNN, LGBM, RF, and LSTM according to accuracy, precision, recall, F‐score, and AUC. The proposed model has 98.81% accuracy, 99.03% precision, 99.65% recall, 99.33% F‐score, and 93% AUC.Practitioner Points
CNN‐LSTM hybrid model was developed to water quality assessment.
The proposed model is compared with established techniques like AdaBoost, DT, GNB, kNN, LGBM, RF, and LSTM.
The developed model has 98.81% classification accuracy.
Experimental results show that the developed model will ensure the use of safe water according to water quality criteria.
Who are the key workers?
Authors: Berg Janine , Duman Anil 
Published: October 2023

During the COVID‐19 pandemic, key workers left the safety of their homes to produce, distribute and sell food, clean to minimize the spread of the pandemic, ensure public safety, transport essential goods and workers to their jobs, and care for and heal the sick. The pandemic made evident the extent to which societies need key workers – in both good times and bad – but also how undervalued most key jobs are, raising concerns about the sustainability of these essential activities. This chapters introduces the concept of key workers and provides basic demographic information on their composition.
Conservation II—Assessing Agricultural Intensification Near Protected Areas
Authors: Koulgi Pradeep , Madhusudan M. D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractProtected Areas (PAs) in many densely populated tropical regions are often small in area, and are enormously influenced by the broader production landscapes in which they are found. Changes in the agricultural matrix surrounding a PA can have a profound impact on the PA’s wildlife and on neighboring resident human communities. In this chapter, we will examine greening trend changes in the exteriors of 186 PAs in Western India from 2000 to 2021 using MODIS Terra vegetation indices, a Sen’s slope linear trend estimator, and other summary techniques available in Earth Engine. We will use these techniques to investigate how these greening trends are distributed in relation to the precipitation regimes of a given PA site.
The effect of a clock’s presence on trauma resuscitation times in a Dutch level-1 trauma center: a pre–post cohort analysis
Authors: Berkeveld Eva , Azijli Kaoutar , Bloemers Frank W. , Giannakópoulos Georgios F. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Interventions performed within the first hour after trauma increase survival rates. Literature showed that measuring times can optimize the trauma resuscitation process as time awareness potentially reduces acute care time. This study examined the effect of a digital clock placement on trauma resuscitation times in an academic level-1 trauma center.

Methods
A prospective observational pre–post cohort analysis was conducted for six months before and after implementing a visible clock in the trauma resuscitation room, indicating the time passed since starting the in-hospital resuscitation process. Trauma patients (age ≥ 16) presented during weekdays between 9.00 AM and 9.00 PM were included. Time until diagnostics (X-Ray, FAST, or CT scan), time until therapeutic intervention, and total resuscitation time were measured manually with a stopwatch by a researcher in the trauma resuscitation room. Patient characteristics and information regarding trauma- and injury type were collected. Times before and after clock implementation were compared.

Results
In total, 100 patients were included, 50 patients in each cohort. The median total resuscitation time (including CT scan) was 40.3 min (IQR 23.3) in the cohort without a clock compared to 44.3 (IQR 26.1) minutes in the cohort with a clock. The mean time until the first diagnostic and until the CT scan was 8.3 min (SD 3.1) and 25.5 min (SD 7.1) without a clock compared to 8.6 min (SD 6.5) and 26.6 min (SD 11.5) with a clock. Severely injured patients (Injury Severity Score (ISS) ≥ 16) showed a median resuscitation time in the cohort without a clock (n = 9) of 54.6 min (IQR 50.5) compared to 46.0 min (IQR 21.6) in the cohort with a clock (n = 8).

Conclusion
This study found no significant reduction in trauma resuscitation time after clock placement. Nonetheless, the data represent a heterogeneous population, not excluding specific patient categories for whom literature has shown that a short time is essential, such as severely injured patients, might benefit from the presence of a trauma clock. Future research is recommended into resuscitation times of specific patient categories and practices to investigate time awareness.