bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of digital monitoring and counselling on self-management ability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Li Linda C , Xie Hui , Feehan Lynne M , Shaw Chris , Lu Na , Ramachandran Smruthi , Wang Ellen , Therrien Stephanie , Mucha Julia , Hoens Alison M , English Kelly , Davidson Eileen , Liu-Ambrose Teresa , Backman Catherine L , Esdaile John M , Miller Kimberly J , Lacaille Diane 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To assess a remote physiotherapist (PT) counselling intervention using self-monitoring tools for improving self-management ability, physical activity participation and health outcomes in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods
Eligible participants were randomly assigned to receive group education, a Fitbit®, a self-monitoring app, and PT counselling phone calls (Immediate Group). The Delayed Group received a monthly e-newsletter until week 26, and then the intervention. The primary outcome was Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13). Participants were assessed at baseline, 27 weeks (the primary end point) and 53 weeks. Secondary outcomes included disease activity, pain, fatigue, depression, sitting/walking habits, daily physical activity time and daily awake sedentary time. Generalized Linear Mixed-effect Models (GLMMs) were used to assess the effect of the intervention on the change of each outcome measure from the initiation to 27 weeks after the intervention.

Results
Analysis included 131 participants (91.6% women; 80.2% completed during the COVID-19 pandemic). The mean change of PAM-13 at 27 weeks was 4.6 (Standard Deviation [SD] = 14.7) in the Immediate Group vs −1.6 (SD = 12.5) in the Delayed Group. The mean change in Delayed Group at 53 weeks (after the 26-week intervention) was 3.6 (SD = 14.6). Overall, the intervention improved PAM-13 at 27 weeks post-intervention from the GLMM analysis (adjusted coefficient: 5.3; 95% CI: 2.0, 8.7; P ≤ 0.001). Favourable intervention effects were also found in disease activity, fatigue, depression and self-reported walking habit.

Conclusion
Remote counselling paired with self-monitoring tools improved self-management ability in people with RA. Findings of secondary outcomes indicate that the intervention had a positive effect on symptom management.
LSD1 Regulates Neurogenesis in Human Neural Stem Cells Through the Repression of Human-Enriched Extracellular Matrix and Cell Adhesion Genes
Authors: Channakkar Asha S , D’Souza Leora , Kumar Aparajita , Kalia Kishan , Prabhu Srilekha , Phalnikar Kruttika , Reddy Puli Chandramouli , Muralidharan Bhavana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Neurogenesis begins with neural stem cells undergoing symmetric proliferative divisions to expand and then switching to asymmetric differentiative divisions to generate neurons in the developing brain. Chromatin regulation plays a critical role in this switch. Histone lysine-specific demethylase LSD1 demethylates H3K4me1/2 and H3K9me1/2 but the mechanisms of its global regulatory functions in human neuronal development remain unclear. We performed genome-wide ChIP-seq of LSD1 occupancy, RNA-seq, and Histone ChIP-seq upon LSD1 inhibition to identify its repressive role in human neural stem cells. Novel downstream effectors of LSD1 were identified, including the Notch signaling pathway genes and human-neural progenitor-enriched extracellular matrix (ECM) pathway/cell adhesion genes, which were upregulated upon LSD1 inhibition. LSD1 inhibition led to decreased neurogenesis, and overexpression of downstream effectors mimicked this effect. Histone ChIP-seq analysis revealed that active and enhancer markers H3K4me2, H3K4me1, and H3K9me1 were upregulated upon LSD1 inhibition, while the repressive H3K9me2 mark remained mostly unchanged. Our work identifies the human-neural progenitor-enriched ECM pathway/cell adhesion genes and Notch signaling pathway genes as novel downstream effectors of LSD1, regulating neuronal differentiation in human neural stem cells.
Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Exosomes Alleviate Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Mice Via Macrophages
Authors: Liu Hong , Zhang Qingqing , Liu Chuanchuan , Zhang Yuwei , Wang Yuxiang , Huang Pan , Ma Lan , Ge Rili 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an intractable, severe, and progressive cardiopulmonary disease. Recent findings suggest that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (HUCMSCs) and HUCMSC-derived exosomes (HUCMSC-Exos) possess potential therapeutic value for PH. However, whether they have beneficial effects on hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is unclear. Exos are released into the extracellular environment by the fusion of intracellular multivesicular bodies with the cell membrane, and they play an important role in cellular communication. Exos ameliorate immune inflammation levels, alter macrophage phenotypes, regulate mitochondrial metabolic function, and inhibit pulmonary vascular remodeling, thereby improving PH. Macrophages are important sources of cytokines and other transmitters and can promote the release of cytokines, vasoactive molecules, and reactive oxygen species, all of which are associated with pulmonary vascular remodeling. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether HUCMSC-Exos could improve the lung inflammatory microenvironment and inhibit pulmonary vascular remodeling by targeting macrophages and identifying the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that HUCMSC-Exos promoted M2 macrophage polarization, decreased pro-inflammatory factors, increased IL-10 levels, and inhibited IL-33/ST2 axis expression, thereby inhibiting hypoxia-induced proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and ameliorating HPH.
Split-tendon Docking Technique for Tibialis Anterior Allograft Reconstruction
Authors: Elgie Cameron , Glazebrook Mark A. , Walls Andrew , Arora Gaurav 
Published: December 2023

Tibialis anterior ruptures present unique surgical challenges due to frequently delayed diagnosis, often necessitating tendon reconstruction. The Pulvertaft weave has been a mainstay for tendon coaptation in graft reconstruction, but the bulky nature of that construct is a disadvantage in areas with limited soft tissue, such as the foot and ankle. Here we introduce the “split-tendon docking” technique as an alternative, aiming to maintain the strength of the tendon coaptation while reducing its profile. Preoperative evaluation is discussed, including clinical and imaging assessments. The technique is described, including the approach, graft preparation, and docking technique. Complications and postoperative care are considered. While the technique requires further use and validation, it presents a promising, lower-profile alternative for foot and ankle tendon coaptation.

Level of Evidence:
Diagnostic Level 5. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Dermatopathology Trends in African Americans: A Retrospective Analysis of Biopsies
Authors: Stan Merida Stormy , Gamal Ahmed , Honda Kord 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
In a retrospective analysis of biopsies from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020, at University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, we aimed to determine the frequency of dermatologic conditions biopsied in African Americans (AA). Given that AAs constitute 13.4% of the US population, understanding the skin disease profile within this significant demographic is crucial. From a total of 1701 biopsies collected from 1442 AA patients, benign neoplasms emerged as the most common diagnosis, accounting for 26.7%, predominantly in females. Notably, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma was the most frequently biopsied malignancy, whereas pigmentary disorders were the least common at 1.4%. The study highlighted the higher occurrence of squamous cell carcinoma compared with basal cell carcinoma in AA, contrasting trends in other racial demographics. Moreover, recognizing the unique presentations of skin disorders in different racial backgrounds is essential, especially because disparities have been reported in skin of color training among dermatology residency programs. Understanding these racial differences in skin diseases can assist clinicians in refining their diagnostic approach. Future research could further explore the potential gaps between clinical expectations and histologic findings, improving diagnostic accuracy.
Mortality Among Individuals Diagnosed With Chronic Beryllium Disease and Beryllium Sensitization
Authors: TenHarmsel Hailey , Wang Ling , Dumas Constantine , Rosenman Kenneth D. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
The aim of the study is to investigate the cause of death among individuals diagnosed with chronic beryllium disease (CBD) or beryllium sensitization (BeS).

Methods
Vital status, cause of death, and standardized mortality ratios for the underlying cause of death were determined for a cohort of 354 individuals with CBD and 290 individuals with BeS.

Results
Among 216 deceased individuals, 153 had CBD and 63 had BeS. Nonmalignant respiratory deaths and other causes of death were significantly increased among those with CBD. No cause of death was significantly increased for BeS. Mortality from lung cancer was not increased.

Conclusions
Individuals with CBD had an overall increased mortality risk due to increased respiratory mortality regardless of their duration of exposure to beryllium. Individuals with BeS did not have increased respiratory mortality. No increased risk of lung cancer was seen among this cohort.
Flexible CO2 Laser in Therapeutic Bronchoscopy
Authors: Ortiz-Jaimes Gabriel , Mullon John , Nelson Darlene , Reisenauer Janani , Midthun David , Edell Eric , Anderson Dagny , Vargas-Brochero Maria , Petrossian Robert , Kern Ryan 
Published: December 2023

Background:
CO2 Laser (CO2L) technology deployable through flexible endoscopes now allows for their use throughout the airway, although published data are limited.

Methods:
Retrospective analysis of CO2L bronchoscopic procedures, excluding glottic and subglottic interventions. Procedural success was defined as >50% visual reduction in airway obstruction in the area treated or resolution of the procedural indication.

Results:
Seventy-two procedures were performed on 36 patients. Nonmalignant indications comprised 66%: stent-associated granulation tissue (28%), granulomatosis with polyangiitis lesions (23%), and lung transplant-related granulation tissue (16%) were the most common. Bronchoscopic access was flexible only in 81% and primarily rigid (combined with flexible) in 18%. The site of intervention was the trachea at 19%, the mainstem at 56%, and lobar/segmental airways at 45%. Procedural success was 89%. CO2L was used exclusively in 19%; in 81%, additional techniques were required, most commonly balloon dilation (59%), cryo-debulking (23%), and rigid dilation (16%). Malignant indications had a nonsignificant trend toward requiring adjuvant techniques (P=0.05). Seventy-six percent of the patients required more than 1 procedure. CO2L exclusive cases had no statistically different needs for subsequent therapeutic bronchoscopies (P=0.10) or time to reintervention (109 vs. 41 days, P=0.07), and reintervention-free survival was similar (P=0.10) and difficult to predict. The complication rate attributable to CO2L was 2.7%.

Conclusion:
CO2L is a safe and useful tool when precise cutting and vaporization are desired. Its use in multi-modality approaches has high levels of success in adequately selected lesions, adding an ablative potential to dilation techniques. Vasculitis-associated scars/webs and granulation tissue (including stent-associated) appear to be ideal targets.
Generative AI Backstories for Simulation Preparation
Authors: Reed Janet M. , Dodson Tracy M. 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Developing engaging presimulation learning materials that provide contextualized patient information is needed to best prepare students for nursing simulation. One emerging strategy that can be used by educators to create visual images for storytelling is generative artificial intelligence (AI).

Purpose:
The purpose of this pilot study was to determine how the use of generative AI–created patient backstories as a presimulation strategy might affect student engagement and learning in nursing simulation.

Methods:
A qualitative cross-sectional survey with content analysis was completed with undergraduate nursing students following an acute care simulation.

Results:
Student surveys point to positive pedagogical outcomes of using AI image generation as a strategy to prepare for simulation such as decreased anxiety in simulation, increased preparatory knowledge, and increased emotional connection with the patient's story.

Conclusions:
Images created with generative AI hold promise for future research and transforming nursing education.
EARLY PERSISTENT LYMPHOPENIA AND RISK OF DEATH IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT SEPSIS
Authors: Adigbli Derick , Liu Rebecca , Meyer Jason , Cohen Jeremy , Di Tanna Gian Luca , Gianacas Christopher , Bhattacharya Amritendu , Hammond Naomi , Walsham James , Venkatesh Balasubramanian , Hotchkiss Richard , Finfer Simon 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To examine the relationship of early persistent lymphopenia with hospital survival in critically ill patients with and without sepsis to assess whether it can be considered a treatable trait. Methods: Retrospective database analysis of patients with nonelective admission to intensive care units (ICUs) during January 2015 to December 2018. Patients were classified as having sepsis if the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III admission diagnostic code included sepsis or coded for an infection combined with a Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score of ≥2. We defined early persistent lymphopenia at two thresholds (absolute lymphocyte count [ALC] <1.0 and <0.75 × 109/L) based on two qualifying values recorded during the first 4 days in ICU. The main outcome measure was time to in-hospital death. Results: Of 8,507 eligible patients, 7,605 (89.4%) had two ALCs recorded during their first 4 days in ICU; of these, 1,482 (19.5%) had sepsis. Persistent lymphopenia (ALC <1.0) was present in 728 of 1,482 (49.1%) and 2,302 of 6,123 (37.6%) patients with and without sepsis, respectively. For ALC <0.75, the results were 487 of 1,482 (32.9%) and 1,125 of 6,123 (18.4%), respectively. Of 3,030 patients with persistent lymphopenia (ALC <1.0), 562 (18.5%) died compared with 439 of 4,575 (9.6%) without persistent lymphopenia. Persistent lymphopenia was an independent risk factor for in-hospital death in all patients. The hazard ratios for death at ALC <1.0 were 1.89 (95% confidence interval, 1.32–2.71; P = 0.0005) and 1.17 (95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.35; P = 0.0246) in patients with and without sepsis respectively. Conclusions: Early persistent lymphopenia is common in critically ill patients and associated with increased risk of death in patients with and without sepsis. Although the association is stronger in patients with sepsis, lymphopenia is a candidate to be considered a treatable trait; drugs that reverse lymphopenia should be trialed in critically ill patients.
Fine resolution clustering ofTP53variants into functional classes predicts cancer risks and spectra among germline variant carriers
Authors: Montellier Emilie , Lemonnier Nathanaël , Penkert Judith , Freycon Claire , Blanchet Sandrine , Amadou Amina , Chuffart Florent , Fischer Nicholas , Achatz Maria Isabel , Levine Arnold , Goudie Catherine , Malkin David , Bougeard Gaëlle , Kratz Christian , Hainaut Pierre 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTLi-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a heterogeneous predisposition to a broad spectrum of cancers caused by pathogenicTP53germline variants. We have used a clustering approach to assign missense variants to functional classes with distinct quantitative and qualitative features based on transcriptional activity in yeast assays. Genotype-phenotype correlations were analyzed using the germlineTP53mutation database (n= 3,446) and validated in three LFS clinical cohorts (n= 821). Carriers of class A variants recapitulated all traits of fully penetrant LFS (median age at first diagnosis = 28 years). Class B carriers showed a less penetrant form (median = 33 years, p < 0.05) dominated by adrenocortical and breast cancers. Class C or D carriers had attenuated phenotypes (median = 41 years, p < 0.001) with typical LFS cancers in C and mostly non-LFS cancers in D. This new classification provides insight into structural/functional features causing pathogenicity.
Profiling blood-based brain biomarkers and cytokines in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of multiple sclerosis using single-molecule array technology
Authors: Zahoor Insha , Mir Sajad , Giri Shailendra 
Published: December 2023

AbstractExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) remains a widely used pre-clinical animal model to study multiple sclerosis (MS). Blood-based cytokines and CNS biomarkers are increasingly used as predictors of neurodegeneration, disease activity, and disability in MS. However, there exists variation in animal model characterization and disease course across animal strains/studies due to understudied confounding factors, limiting the utility of these biomarkers to predict disease activity in EAE. In this study, we investigated the profile of blood-based analytes including, cytokines (IL6, IL17, IL12p70, IL10, and TNFα) and neural markers (NFL and GFAP) in the plasma of relapsing-remitting (RR) (SJL) and chronic (B6) models of EAE during different phases (acute, chronic, and progressive) of disease course using ultrasensitive single molecule array technology (SIMoA, Quanterix), which can detect ultra-low levels of a wide range of analytes. NFL showed a substantial increase during post-disease onset at peak, chronic, and progressive phases in both RR SJL and chronic B6 models of EAE. The increase was markedly pronounced in the chronic B6 model. The leakage of GFAP from CNS into the periphery was also higher after disease onset in EAE, however, it was highest during the acute phase in B6. Out of all cytokines, only IL10 showed consistently lower levels in both models of EAE along the disease duration. We report that NFL, GFAP, and IL10 may be more useful predictors of disease activity and neurological outcome in EAE, which would make them potential candidates for use as surrogate markers for preclinical testing of therapeutic interventions in MS.
Towards a Brighter Constellation: Multi-Organ Neuroimaging of Neural and Vascular Dynamics in the Spinal Cord and Brain
Authors: Celinskis Dmitrijs , Black Christopher J. , Murphy Jeremy , Barrios-Anderson Adriel , Friedman Nina , Shaner Nathan C. , Saab Carl , Gomez-Ramirez Manuel , Lipscombe Diane , Borton David A. , Moore Christopher I. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSignificancePain is comprised of a complex interaction between motor action and somatosensation that is dependent on dynamic interactions between the brain and spinal cord. This makes understanding pain particularly challenging as it involves rich interactions between many circuits (e.g., neural and vascular) and signaling cascades throughout the body. As such, experimentation on a single region may lead to an incomplete and potentially incorrect understanding of crucial underlying mechanisms.AimHere, we aimed to develop and validate new tools to enable detailed and extended observation of neural and vascular activity in the brain and spinal cord. The first key set of innovations were targeted to developing novel imaging hardware that addresses the many challenges of multi-site imaging. The second key set of innovations were targeted to enabling bioluminescent imaging, as this approach can address limitations of fluorescent microscopy including photobleaching, phototoxicity and decreased resolution due to scattering of excitation signals.ApproachWe designed 3D-printed brain and spinal cord implants to enable effective surgical implantations and optical access with wearable miniscopes or an open window (e.g., for one-or two-photon microscopy or optogenetic stimulation). We also tested the viability for bioluminescent imaging, and developed a novel modified miniscope optimized for these signals (BLmini).ResultsHere, we describe novel ‘universal’ implants for acute and chronic simultaneous brain-spinal cord imaging and optical stimulation. We further describe successful imaging of bioluminescent signals in both foci, and a new miniscope, the ‘BLmini,’ which has reduced weight, cost and form-factor relative to standard wearable miniscopes.ConclusionsThe combination of 3D printed implants, advanced imaging tools, and bioluminescence imaging techniques offers a new coalition of methods for understanding spinal cord-brain interactions. This work has the potential for use in future research into neuropathic pain and other sensory disorders and motor behavior.
Mutualism Destabilizes Communities, but Competition Pays the Price
Authors: Bhat Ananda Shikhara , Nag Suryadeepto , Dey Sutirth 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA classic result in theoretical ecology states that an increase in the proportion of mutualistic interactions in unstructured ecological communities leads to a loss of stability to external perturbations. However, the fate and composition of the species that constitute an unstable ecology community following such perturbations remains relatively unexplored. In this paper, we use an individual-based model to study the population dynamics of unstructured communities following external perturbations to population numbers. We find that while mutualistic interactions do indeed destabilize communities, the entire community is rarely wiped out following a perturbation. Instead, only a subset of the ecological community is driven to extinction, and the species that go extinct are more likely to be those engaged in a greater number of competitive interactions. Thus, the resultant community formed after a perturbation has a higher proportion of mutualistic interactions than the original community. We show that this result can be explained by studying the dynamics of the species engaged in the highest number of competitive interactions: After an external perturbation, those species that compete with such a ‘top competitor’ are more likely to go extinct than expected by chance alone, whereas those that are engaged in mutualistic interactions with such a species are less likely to go extinct than expected by chance alone. Our results provide a potential explanation for the ubiquity of mutualistic interactions in nature despite the known negative effects of mutualism on community stability.
SECE: accurate identification of spatial domain by incorporating global spatial proximity and local expression proximity
Authors: Yu Yuanyuan , He Yao , Xie Zhi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMotivationAccurate identification of spatial domains is essential for analyzing spatial transcriptomics data to elucidate tissue microenvironments and biological functions. Existing methods utilize either local or global spatial relationships between spots to aid domain segmentation. A method that can concurrently capture both local and global spatial information may improve identification of spatial domains.ResultsIn this article, we propose SECE, a deep learning-based method that captures both local and global relationships among spots and aggregates their information using expression similarity and spatial similarity. We benchmarked SECE against eight state-of-the-art methods on six real spatial transcriptomics datasets spanning four different platforms. SECE consistently outperformed other methods in spatial domain identification accuracy. Moreover, SECE produced spatial embeddings that exhibited clearer patterns in low-dimensional visualizations and facilitated more accurate trajectory inference.Availability and implementationSECE is implemented and provided as a pip installable Python package which is available on GitHubhttps://github.com/xie-lab/SECE.