bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AN EVALUATION OF REIMAGINE AGING: A NEW THEORY-BASED PROGRAM TO REDUCE INTERNALIZED AGEISM
Authors: Murphy Dallas , Porter Michelle , Mackenzie Corey 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Over the lifespan individuals may internalize ageist beliefs and as they enter older age, direct them towards themselves. This internalized ageism has many deleterious effects. Despite this, few theory-based interventions have attempted to decrease internalized ageism. As such, a six-week online program was developed including education, acceptance and commitment therapy, and attributional retraining to target mechanisms of change (psychological flexibility, mindfulness, perceived control, and empowerment). The six 90-minute sessions consisted of recorded videos, and discussion groups, with during and between-session activities also being part of the program. To evaluate the feasibility of this intervention, a sub-sample of 81 program participants (58 – 85 years old, 92% female) were sent an online questionnaire following each session. Each session received between 77 and 80 responses. Results were overwhelmingly positive. On a scale of 1 (not very useful) to 5 (very useful), roughly two-thirds (65%) rated the program as a whole very useful. Items participants felt the most important to learn included ageism information, acceptance and commitment therapy tools, and reimagining what it means to age well. Participant’s opinion on what they liked most about the program varied. Among others, common aspects identified were the informational videos, the activities, and the discussion groups. Roughly 81% of participants indicated that they completed the between-session activities, and 79% completed bonus activities. The vast majority indicated the program changed their views on ageism and/or internalized ageism. Going forward, we will evaluate this program’s ability to decrease internalized ageism, and the processes by which it achieves this.
BETWEEN-PERSON AND DAILY WITHIN-PERSON VARIATION PATTERNS IN MEASURES OF VIEWS OF AGING
Authors: O’Brien Erica , Smyth Joshua 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Despite increasing evidence of daily associations between individuals’ health and their age-related thoughts, beliefs, feelings and experiences (collectively referred to as views of aging, VOA), we know little about daily variation in VOA more generally. We used data from an online sample of 122 adults (aged 26 to 78 years) who completed multiple measures of VOA (subjective age, age group identity, aging attitudes, implicit theories of aging, awareness of age-related change) on each of 7 consecutive days, partitioning variance in responses to each measure at the person and day levels to assess between- and within-person variability, respectively. Results showed that, in all measures, between-person variability accounted for most of the total observed variation (62% to 92%) whereas within-person variability accounted for a significant but smaller amount (8% to 38%). The ratio of between- to within-person variation, however, depended on the specific measure and age group assessed, with the highest ratios observed for subjective age (versus other measures) and older adults (versus young adults). Findings suggest that VOA are relatively stable in daily life and may become more stable with advanced age. Further study of measures and age groups that exhibit the most within-person variability can yield insights that help increase understanding about the dynamics of VOA (i.e., which VOA constructs are most sensitive to fluctuating contexts and for whom?) and therefore inform future work linking VOA to other phenomenon in daily life.
CHANGES AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES, KNOWLEDGE, AND INTENTION TO WORK WITH OLDER ADULTS
Authors: O’Brien Christopher , Strong Jessica 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Curricular intervention studies have examined if instruction in aging and gerontology affects undergraduates’ attitudes, knowledge, and perceptions toward older adults. However, less is known about the curricular impact on undergraduates’ intentions to work with older adults and attitudes and knowledge about sexuality and aging. The current longitudinal study examined the impact of an upper-level adult development psychology course on student attitudes, knowledge, and intentions toward working with older adults. Participants were 8 undergraduate students enrolled in upper-level undergraduate psychology courses. Participants completed validated, self-report questionnaires at the beginning of the semester and at the end of the semester related to their attitudes towards working with older adults, ageism attitudes, aging sexual knowledge and attitudes, and attitudes and knowledge about aging. Paired samples t-tests were used to examine changes in main outcome variables. Students endorsed significantly greater attitudes toward working with older adults at the end of the semester (t = -2.57, p = .037). Additionally, knowledge about sexual aging significantly increased (t = 2.62, p = 0.34). These findings suggest curricular interventions may positively impact attitudes toward working with older adults and sexual aging knowledge. Future work will evaluate predictors of change in attitudes, knowledge, and intentions. By identifying factors that increase undergraduates’ intentions to work with older adults and improve attitudes and knowledge regarding sexual aging, we may elucidate meaningful points of intervention to enhance the pursuit of careers in the geriatric workforce.
CONTROL BELIEFS MEDIATE THE WITHIN-PERSON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EVERYDAY CONTEXT AND SUBJECTIVE AGE
Authors: Zhang Shenghao , Neupert Shevaun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Appraisal and interpretation of personal experiences resulting from interaction with situational contexts might play an important role in shaping subjective age at within-person level, but it is unclear how this process unfolds. We propose that older adults evaluate situational contexts and reflect on their general psychological resources when determining their subjective age, and tested this proposal with volition of daily activities as proxy for appraisal of situational contexts and control beliefs as proxy for psychological resources. We hypothesize that appraising daily activities one engaged in as obligatory would deplete one’s perceived control and concomitantly make one feel older. Older adults (n=116) ranging in age from 60 to 90 (M=64.71) completed a nine-day daily diary study online, resulting in 743 total days. Participants reported their sociodemographic characteristics on Day 1 and major daily activities, volition of every reported activity, felt age, and control beliefs on Days 2-9. Results showed that on days when older adults felt that activities they engaged in were more of their own volition, they also felt more in control. Lower-level mediation result suggests that within-person control beliefs mediated the relationship between volition of daily activities and subjective age. Our findings suggest that older adults evaluate situational contexts and reflect on their control beliefs as a general psychological resource when determining their subjective age. These findings show the important role psychological resources play in determining subjective age from a within-person perspective and extended the within-person process proposed in previous theoretical models.
DOES INTERNET USE PROMOTE OLDER ADULTS’ SELF-PERCEPTION OF AGING: SEPARATING WITHIN- AND BETWEEN-PERSON EFFECTS
Authors: Wang Kun , Gu Danan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Previous longitudinal studies indicate a positive causal association between older adults’ Internet use and self-perception of aging (SPA). However, it is unclear whether this positive effect is truly due to the lagged within-person changes in Internet use or due to some stable, trait-like between-person differences. Thus, with between-person differences controlled, this study aimed to 1) examine reciprocal associations of within-person SPA and Internet use and 2) investigate the potential age, gender, race/ethnicity, and education group differences. Data used in this study were from the Health and Retirement Study (T1: 2008; T2: 2012; T3: 2016). Older adults aged 65 and older with normal cognition were included in the analysis (n = 6,666). Random-intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPM) were applied to separate the within- and between-person effects regarding the associations between SPA and Internet use. Multiple-group analyses were used for testing group differences. Results showed positive carry-over stability of both Internet use and SPA across time. At the within-person level, only one cross-lagged path, Internet use (T1) ♢ SPA (T2), was significant (b = .08, p &lt; .05), indicating that the within-person Internet use change was predictive of within-person SPA change at T2. At the between-person level, SPA and ICT use were positively correlated (r = .16, p &lt; .001). No group differences were identified. This study indicates that the positive effects of Internet use on SPA may be largely due to between-person differences. Internet use may promote SPA to some extent, but effects may plateau after a certain period of time.
DOES THE FACTS ON AGING QUIZ ASSESS AGING STEREOTYPES?
Authors: Schultz Savannah , Francis Sarah , Shelley Mack , Vincent Aaron , Hyde Cori , Bauman Alexandra 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) Global Report on Ageism urges researchers to develop and validate assessment tools, thus enabling the field to better address ageism. This study assesses the internal consistency and construct validity of a short Facts on Aging Quiz (SFAQ, 10-items). We hypothesize that the SFAQ is a valid and reliable tool for assessing aging stereotypes. Data from the National Resource Center on Nutrition and Aging 2022 Needs Assessment were utilized. Data were collected via an online survey through a convenience sample of the National Aging Network (n=1,910). Three aging perspective tools were included: SFAQ, Expectations Regarding Aging (ERA, 12-items), and the WHO Ageism Quiz (AQ, 8-items). An exploratory factor analysis assessed whether negative (NEG) and positive (POS)-stereotype SFAQ items emerged as constructs. The factor analysis showed that NEG and POS-SFAQ accounted for 31.39% and 19.63% of the total variance, respectively. Cronbach alpha evaluated the internal consistency of the tools. Internal consistency for ERA (α=.81) and AQ (α=.57) were acceptable but low for total SFAQ (α=.28); reliability was acceptable for NEG-SFAQ (α=.71) and lower for POS-SFAQ (α=.40). Pearson correlation assessed convergent validity, with a significance level of p&lt;.0001 (df=1,908) for all correlations. A negative correlation was detected between POS-SFAQ and ERA (r=-.31) and positive correlations between NEG-SFAQ and both ERA (r=.55) and AQ (r=.65), confirming convergent validity. POS-SFAQ was negatively correlated with NEG-SFAQ (r=-.19), suggesting the SFAQ may contain conflicting items. In conclusion, versions of the FAQ may perform better as a tool to assess aging stereotypes.
GRAY FOR A DAY: A SIMULATION ACTIVITY IMPACTS PARTICIPANTS IN COMMUNITY-BASED HEALTH EDUCATION
Authors: Buys David , Harris-Speight Jasmine , Redwine Pamela , Sansing Ann , Yelland Erin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Nearly 80% of older adults own their own homes; approximately two-thirds live within 25 miles of relatives; and most prefer to age-in-place, without access to geriatric-specific care. They rely on primary care clinics and family, friends, and other local support to meet their health needs. The healthcare workforce and lay public need to better understand age-related functional decline. Simulation activities can increase one’s understanding of new concepts or perspectives. One such activity, “Gray for a Day,” offers a didactic presentation and simulations of functional decline. In 2022, 10 Mississippi State University Cooperative Extension agents offered the “Gray for a Day” training to 550 individuals across 35 sessions in community colleges, high school career and technical education classes, and hospitals and nursing home food service departments. Participant evaluations were collected to assess learning outcomes and empathy development. Process evaluation data and descriptive statistics are reported. Nearly all (98%) of the participants reported increases in knowledge of age-related sensory and functional decline and increases in understanding how age-related sensory and functional decline can impact one’s daily life; and 95% reported an increase in considering how they can better interact with older adults experiencing functional decline. Understanding challenges facing older adults is essential to empathy and important both in a home environment and in the workplace. The “Gray for a Day” simulation activity is feasible for implementation in multiple settings and has the potential to increase knowledge, understanding, and possibly empathy for older adults experiencing functional decline.
HOW DO PEOPLE PERCEIVE THEIR OWN AGE?—SELF-REFLECTION ON HEALTH STATUS
Authors: Choi Hyojin , Litzelman Kristin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Subjective age -- how old you feel -- is a simple, but inclusive indicator of how people experience their own aging. This hypothesis-generating study sought to assess how objective and subjective indicators of well-being differ by subjective age, in order to progress our understanding of how this metric internalizes physical and psychological information. Data were drawn from the Midlife in the United States in 2004-2006 (MIDUS 2). The sample represented adults aged 50 years and over (n=612) and was divided into two groups: 1) felt younger than chronological age, and 2) felt the same or older than chronological age. Nearly four in five older adults reported feeling younger than their chronological age. Chi-square statistics showed that subjective indicators differ by subjective age. Specifically, those that felt the same/older than their chronological age were more likely to have depression or functional limitations, and report poor health status than were feeling younger group. Interestingly, bio-marker (i.e., C-reactive protein), physical and cognitive ability (i.e., gaits and episodic memory), and chronic conditions did not differ by subjective age. The findings indicate that reports of subjective age correlate with perceived rather than objective health status. Subjective age may therefore function as an indicator that health problems or life stressors are becoming internalized and overcoming an individual’s capacity to cope. Future research is needed to understand how subjective age can act as a bellweather of subjective and objective health decline.
SELF-DIRECTED AGEISM OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH AGEISM-REDUCTION INTERVENTIONS: A SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Scrivano Rachel , Jarrott Shannon 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Self-directed ageism refers to stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination toward oneself based on age or perceived age. Self-directed ageism research is limited but growing as the conceptualization of ageism evolves and the implementation of ageism-reduction interventions increases. A scoping review was conducted to explore self-directed ageism outcomes associated with ageism-reduction interventions among populations measured. The PRISMA-ScR checklist guided study methods. A systematic search for relevant peer-reviewed journal articles was conducted in 2022 using eight EBSCOhost databases. Fifty-two studies were included after screening was completed on 19,309 articles. Ageism-reduction interventions that assessed self-directed ageism outcomes were primarily implemented among college students (k = 20), older adults (k = 18), and children (k = 8). Despite methodological variation among included studies, such as measured domains of self-directed ageism, measures used, duration, dosage, and specific intervention characteristics, results suggest that purposeful in person intergenerational contact across age groups and in person intergenerational contact with aging education among college students and children are commonly effective in reducing self-directed ageism. Other interventions were found to be effective for certain age groups. Results provide initial support to suggest that intergenerational contact and aging education interventions can be similarly effective at reducing self-directed ageism as they are at reducing other-directed ageism. This scoping review also highlights several gaps in the literature. Notably, a universal definition for self-directed ageism is needed, a lifespan perspective of self-directed ageism should be taken, and research is needed to identify mechanisms of change responsible for significant outcomes achieved, especially within multifaceted interventions.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MEDIA PORTRAYALS OF OLDER PEOPLE AND PERCEPTIONS OF INTERGENERATIONAL CONFLICT
Authors: Chung Soondool , Lee Ahyoung , Kim Ju-Hyun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
As South Korea experienced rapid social change in several decades, there are lots of gaps in historical and cultural experiences of younger people and older people. In addition, with rapid population aging, generational tension became stronger due to limited resources and opportunities. This study examined the relationship between media portrayals of older people and intergenerational conflict and the mediating role of prejudice against older people in the relationship in South Korea. Also, the relationship between trust and intergenerational conflict was examined. Finally, the buffering effect of trust in the relationship between media portrayals of older adults and intergenerational conflict was examined. Secondary data analyses were conducted using Age Integration and Intergenerational Solidarity survey data of Korean adults aged 20 and over with a total of 1,000 cases. The findings revealed that prejudice against older people mediated the relationship between the media’s portrayal of older people and perceptions of intergenerational conflict. Trust showed a significant negative relationship with intergenerational conflict. Finally, trust had a buffering effect on the media’s negative portrayal of older adults and intergenerational conflict. For people with lower levels of trust, there was a significant positive relationship between negative media portrayals of older adults and intergenerational conflict. Further implications for practice to reduce intergenerational conflict were discussed.
FOOD TALK AS AGING TALK: LISTENING TO OLDER ITALIANS
Authors: Barrett Anne , Consolandi Monica , Fattorini Eliana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
An extensive literature in gerontology examines older adults’ diets and their effects on health and longevity. Much less research examines how food, including experiences of its scarcity and plentitude across the life course, shape older adults’ constructions of their own aging. Our study addressed this topic using semi-structured interviews conducted in a mid-sized northern Italian city in 2018-2019 (n=28) and 2022 (n=23). Analyses revealed that participants used vivid references to food – a topic that was not the focus of any interview questions – to illustrate their experiences of aging. Participants’ food talk referenced different tenses of time, including durable food memories from the distant past and more ephemeral food activities and concerns of the present. Participants also referred to food when making different comparisons that shaped assessments of their own aging experiences, including comparisons with older family members in the past and age peers in the present. Food figured into participants’ discussions of aging in four ways: food as anchors for childhood memories, intergenerational comparisons of food’s plentitude versus scarcity in later life, food choices to support aging well, and food sharing to sustain social relationships. Our study illustrates the use of food a lens for understanding individuals’ aging experiences, as embedded in historical times that give them meaning.
GAMBLING AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AMONG OLDER CHINESE ADULTS IN THE US
Authors: Zhu Yuyang , Ma Yiming , Tang Fengyan , Jiang Yanping 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Gambling is a common but not harm-free social practice. Few studies have investigated the long-term impact of gambling activities on psychological well-being among racial/ethnic minority groups in the U.S. This study aimed to close this gap by examining the associations between gambling, problem gambling, and psychological well-being among older Chinese immigrants. We drew data from 2,811 (58% female) participants aged 60 years or older in the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago Study who completed the baseline assessment and at least one of the three follow-ups that were conducted every two years. Gambling participation was assessed using Modified South Oaks Gambling Screen and Problem Gambling Severity Index. The responses were used to categorize participants: never gambled (the reference group), participated in gambling, and problem gambling. Psychological well-being was assessed using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Of all participants, 761 reported ever participating in gambling activities, and 52 reported problem gambling experiences. Participants who participated in gambling reported the lowest baseline scores of depression and anxiety compared to the other two groups. However, gambling participation predicted faster increases in depression (β=0.076, p=0.01) and anxiety (β=0.103, p=0.02) over time. Also, problem gambling was associated with a faster increase in anxiety (β=0.083, p=0.02). These results show a faster increase in psychological distress related to gambling participation over time. Culturally responsive interventions to reduce gambling activities and their impacts on psychological well-being are needed to promote health among this population.
THE JOINT EFFECTS OF PAIN AND ELEVATED DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AMONG MEXICAN AMERICANS AGED 80 AND OLDER
Authors: Sanchez Claudia , Cantu Phillip , Markides Kyriakos , Milani Sadaf 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Pain and depression are common among older Hispanic adults and their combined effects may increase mortality. We examined the joint effects of pain and depressive symptoms on mortality. We used data from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (2010-2016), which included Mexican Americans aged 80 and older in the Southwestern US. Participants were categorized into four groups based on self-reported pain on weight-bearing and depressive symptoms: no pain or elevated depressive symptoms, pain only, elevated depressive symptoms only, or both pain and elevated depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. A score of 16 or more was considered elevated depressive symptoms. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the joint relationship of pain and depressive symptoms with mortality. We examined social support as a potential effect modifier. At baseline, 35.9% reported pain only, 8.6% of participants reported elevated depressive symptoms only, and 16.9% reported pain and elevated depressive symptoms (n=836). Over 6 years of follow-up, 46.2% of the sample died. Those with pain and elevated depressive symptoms had 1.41 times the risk of mortality compared to those without pain or elevated depressive symptoms (95% confidence interval: 1.05, 1.09). Having pain or elevated depressive symptoms only was not significantly associated with mortality. Social support was not a significant effect modifier. Our findings highlight the importance of screening for pain and elevated depressive symptoms among older Mexican Americans.