bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental and endodontic‐related stress amongst undergraduate students before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Chevalier Valérie , Bonnabesse Anaïs Le Fur , Honari B. , Duncan H. F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo determine and explain the principal sources of stress among preclinical and clinical dental undergraduate students with a particular focus on the stressors linked to endodontics.MethodologyA mixed‐methods study, with an explanatory sequential design, was employed. Volunteer students of second, third and fourth years were asked to complete both the Dental Environment Stress (DES) questionnaire and a bespoke questionnaire for endodontic‐related stress assessment, which had 21 questions in common with the DES. The results were analysed by Kruskal–Wallis and Marginal Homogeneity tests. In the second part of the study, a qualitative phase was conducted through focus group interviews of students from each academic year included in the study. Interviews were analysed by inductive content analysis.ResultsThe DES questionnaire determined that for all years the most stressful domains were ‘performance pressure’, ‘workload’ and ‘clinical training’. According to the endodontic stress questionnaire, the most stressful domains were ‘self‐efficacy beliefs’, ‘endodontic clinical training’ and ‘faculty and administration’ in early years, while they were ‘endodontic patient treatment’, ‘performance pressure in endodontics’ and ‘clinical training’ in later years. Comparing questions common to both questionnaires revealed that the stress score was lower for the endodontic stress questionnaire than in the DES questionnaire for 17 questions, being significantly lower for 13 questions (p < 0.05) and significantly higher for no question. The qualitative study showed that students’ dental and endodontic‐related stress was linked to different domains: patient, clinical procedure, organization, staff, academic education, evaluation and COVID‐19‐related issues. Qualitative aspects highlighted the important role that patients and COVID‐19 have played in student stress. However, they suggested a possible explanation for the lower endodontic stress observed in this dental university hospital, which was based on: the nature of the teaching in endodontics, the consensus between endodontic supervisors, the use of a logical, progressive procedure and the considerable experience that students gain over the years.ConclusionStudents considered endodontics stressful; however, education can play a central role in reducing stress, particularly during the early parts of the undergraduate course.
Regenerative food innovation delivering foods for the future: a viewpoint on how science and technology can aid food sustainability and nutritional well‐being in the food industry
Authors: Brennan Charles Stephen 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThis thought document initiates a series of commissioned articles, which will appear in this Journal during 2024 and marks the 60th anniversary of the founding of the Institute of Food Science and Technology in the UK. Climate changes have been seen to have major effects on the disruption of food supply systems. Such changes have had implications on food sustainability, food security and the nutritional composition of foods. In response to these disruptions, food researchers and the food industry have evaluated potential research activities to alleviate risks associated with food insecurity, and focussed on waste utilisation and the use of recovered products for the well‐being of consumers. This viewpoint article focusses on a selection of recently published articles from the International Journal of Food Science and Technology and aligned journals to show the relevance of such research to today's food industry. It is by examining the recent focus of researchers in specific areas of food science and technology, that it is possible to apply these published findings to the modern food industry and help reduce the impact of what may be considered a resource hungry industry.
The role experience of advanced practice nurses in oncology: An interpretative phenomenological study
Authors: Serra‐Barril M. Antònia , Ferro‐Garcia Tàrsila , Fernandez‐Ortega Paz , Sanchez‐Lopez Cristina , Martinez‐Momblan M. Antonia , Benito‐Aracil Llúcia , Romero‐Garcia Marta 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAim(s)To understand the experiences of advanced practice nurses working in cancer care.DesignPhenomenological qualitative study.MethodsThree focus groups were held to collect qualitative data. Participants were recruited through theoretical non‐probabilistic sampling of maximum variation, based on 12 profiles. Data saturation was achieved with a final sample of 21 oncology advanced practice nurses who were performing advanced clinical practice roles in the four centers from December 2021 to March 2022. An interpretative phenomenological analysis was performed following Guba and Lincoln's criteria of trustworthiness. The centers' ethics committee approved the study, and all participants gave written informed consent. Data analysis was undertaken with NVivo 12 software.ResultsThree broad themes emerged from the data analysis: the role performed, facilitators and barriers in the development of the role and nurses' lived experience of the role.ConclusionAdvanced practice nurses are aware that they do not perform their role to its full potential, and they describe different facilitators and barriers. Despite the difficulties, they present a positive attitude as well as a capacity for leadership, which has allowed them to consolidate the advanced practice nursing role in unfavourable environments.Implications for the ProfessionThese results will enable institutions to establish strategies at different levels in the implementation and development of advanced practice nursing roles.Reporting MethodReporting complied with COREQ criteria for qualitative research.Patient or Public ContributionsNo patient or public contribution.
Spinosad‐infused biodegradable hydrogel beads as a potential organic approach for argentine ant, Linepithema humile (Mayr) (hymenoptera: Formicidae), management in California citrus orchards
Authors: Milosavljević Ivan , Irvin Nicola A. , Lewis Michael , Hoddle Mark S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractArgentine ant, Linepithema humile (Mayr), disrupts biological control services in California citrus orchards, leading to economically damaging densities of honeydew‐producing hemipteran pests. With the elimination of chlorpyrifos, the sole registered insecticide for L. humile control in California citrus, the development of effective alternatives is necessary. One alternative is aqueous sugar baits laced with minute concentrations (0.0001%) of insecticide. Field trials were conducted to assess the efficacy of spinosad and thiamethoxam‐infused alginate hydrogel beads (HGBs) for L. humile control. Thiamethoxam‐infused HGBs have previously shown high efficacy against L. humile in citrus. Spinosad is approved for organic use, while thiamethoxam, a neonicotinoid, along with other neonicotinoid insecticides, might soon face deregistration in California, underscoring the need for alternative insecticide chemistries for ant control. Therefore, this study aimed to optimize spinosad‐loaded HGBs by identifying efficacious concentrations, application rates, and deployment frequency, and to compare with thiamethoxam‐infused HGBs, the standard reference treatment. Results showed that spinosad‐infused HGBs significantly reduced high‐density L. humile populations in citrus orchards. Notably, the highest spinosad concentration tested (0.01%) demonstrated comparable control to both 0.0001% and 0.01% thiamethoxam concentrations. A tri‐weekly application schedule for spinosad‐infused HGBs provided best control. Trees treated with 125 or 250 g of hydrogels infused with 0.01% spinosad at weeks 0, 3, and 6 displayed significantly reduced ant activities compared to plots treated solely during weeks 0 and 6, as well as control plots lacking HGB applications. Spinosad‐infused HGBs may offer an effective alternative to thiamethoxam‐infused HGBs for control of L. humile in California citrus orchards.
Gut microbial signatures in clinically stable ulcerative colitis according to the mucosal state and associated symptoms
Authors: Kim Soyoung , Jung Yeonjae , Lee Seung Bum , Oh Hyun‐Seok , Hong Sung Noh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimThe gut microbiome of patients with clinically stable ulcerative colitis (UC) differs from that of healthy individuals depending on the state of the colonic mucosa, especially with or without advanced scarring; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Therefore, this study examined the gut microbiome compositional signatures in patients with significant mucosal scarring and UC‐related symptoms.MethodsStool samples for gut microbiome analysis were prospectively collected from 57 patients with clinically stable UC between January 1 and December 31, 2022. Data from 57 individuals without inflammatory bowel disease (non‐IBD) paired by age and sex were selected from our previous study as the control group. The fecal samples were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Associations between gut microbiome profiles and clinical or colonoscopic assessments were examined using diversity and differential abundance analyses.ResultsGut microbiome compositions between the patients with clinically stable UC and non‐IBD controls differed significantly. Furthermore, gut microbiome compositions varied between the preserved and altered mucosa groups identified based on mucosal changes in the UC group. Differential abundance test of patients with UC for symptomatic remission based on stool frequency from the two‐item patient‐reported outcome identified several overlapping taxa specified as gut microbiome signatures, including the Enterobacteriaceae unknown genera (Enterobacteriaceae_g), Klebsiella, and several Lachnospiraceae spp. both in mucosal and symptom change analyses.ConclusionsThe gut microbiome can change with mucosal changes, even in clinically stable UC, and some gut microbial signatures may explain the symptom manifestations in patients with UC showing significant mucosal changes.
Risk of dementia among veterans experiencing homelessness and housing instability
Authors: Roncarati Jill S. , DeVone Frank , Halladay Christopher , Tsai Jack , Jutkowitz Eric 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn the United States, nearly 85,000 Veterans experienced homelessness during 2020, and thousands more are experiencing housing instability, representing a significant proportion of the population.1 Many Veterans experiencing homelessness are aging and have complex co‐occurring medical, psychiatric, and substance use disorders. Homelessness and older age put Veterans at greater risk for age‐related disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).MethodsWe examined the rate of ADRD diagnosis for Veterans experiencing homelessness and housing instability compared to a matched cohort of stably housed Veterans over a nine‐year period using cox proportional hazard models.ResultsIn the matched cohort, 95% (n = 88,811) of Veterans were men, and 67% (n = 59,443) were White and were on average 63 years old (SD = 10.8). Veterans with housing instability had a higher hazard of 1.53 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.50, 1.59) for ADRD compared to Veterans without housing instability.ConclusionsVeterans experiencing housing instability have a substantially higher risk of receiving an ADRD diagnosis than a matched cohort of stably housed Veterans. Health systems and providers should consider cognitive screening among people experiencing housing insecurity. Existing permanent supportive housing programs should consider approaches to modify wraparound services to support Veterans experiencing ADRD.
Influence of different surface cleaning methods on STED‐FCS and scanning STED‐FCS calibration measurements
Authors: Koerfer Agnes , Reina Francesco , Eggeling Christian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMolecular mobility is an important measure in biological functionality, as molecules have to diffuse to meet and interact and perform actions. Measurement of mobility requires specific tools such as fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). Especially, combination with superresolution stimulated emission depletion microscopy (STED‐FCS), whether in a point‐ or beam‐scanning mode, has proven valuable for determination of anomalous diffusion. STED‐FCS however relies on an accurate calibration of the effective observation spot formed for different laser powers of the additional STED laser. This poster article highlights the need for calibration measurements and outlines that rather simple procedures involving acetone cover‐glass surface cleaning only, instead of piranha cover‐glass surface cleaning, and point instead of more complex scanning STED‐FCS are sufficient for calibration.
Climate Apartheid, Race, and the Future of Solidarity: Three Frameworks of Response (Anthropocene, Mestizaje, Cimarronaje)
Authors: Elia Matthew 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTIn our emerging climate future, devastation will not land evenly. “Climate apartheid” names a world where the rich insulate themselves from its most catastrophic effects, while the global poor stand increasingly subject to rising seas, failing crops, intensifying weather events (floods, hurricanes, wildfires) and thus to the necessity of movement: some project a billion climate refugees by 2050. Yet analyses often fail to link climate apartheid to the existing systems mobilized to execute it—policing, prisons, borders—and so fail to connect climate politics to enduring racialized projects of carceral control, as well as to Black, Native, and Latinx struggles against them. A key task is to develop capacious conceptual frameworks for understanding how religious actors are addressing the deep entanglements of political ecology and racial violence. This paper pursues that task in four parts. Part 1 introduces climate apartheid and proposes “cross‐border solidarity” as an organizing concept for response, while underscoring that solidarity's chief virtue—its being already in use across diverse moral communities—is also what requires rigorous specification. What is the shape of “solidarity” amid climate futures? Parts 2 and 3 critique two frameworks ethicists might employ in facing that question: anthropocene discourse obscures race, while mestizaje discourse addresses race but risks reproducing its deepest logics. Part 4 proposes an alternative I will call cimarronaje. Of Taíno‐Arawak and Spanish origin, the word refers to the historical experience, across slaveholding societies of the Americas, whereby enslaved African people fled plantations, escaped to surrounding hills and swamps, and reimagined forms of life with Indigenous communities, forged new ecologies together and, in the shadows of colonial empire, prefigured the theory and practices of cross‐border solidarity we need today.
OPPIDUM VOCANT, QUIDVIS CUM VALLO ATQUE FOSSA. SOME THOUGHTS ON OPPIDA, CENTRAL PLACES, AND SOCIAL COMPLEXITY IN THE EUROPEAN IRON AGE
Authors: Nión‐Álvarez Samuel 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThe following paper presents an analysis of the term ‘oppidum’, discussing its value for understanding social complexity in Iron Age Europe. Throughout this paper, the most relevant debates regarding the oppida and their value are synthesized from a semiotic point of view. Key features such as urban planning, social hierarchies and political centralization are analysed to frame research in terms of Iron Age mentalities and cultural diversity. Accordingly, the ‘oppidum’ is assessed as a conceptual tool, weighing its appropriateness as a wide‐ranging concept in the European Iron Age. Several criteria, such as urban planning, the role of memory or religion, and the creation of large public and assembly places, among others, are explored as proxies of social legitimation. These key aspects aim to define some traits to set the oppidum as a useful and organic archaeological term without undermining cultural specificities.
Pediatric living donor liver transplant for Budd–Chiari syndrome using a cryopreserved pulmonary vein graft for retro‐hepatic vena cava reconstruction: A case report
Authors: Yang Xin Yu , Le‐Nguyen Annie , Alvarez Fernando , Rong Zhi Xia , Borsuk Daniel , Piché Nelson , Lallier Michel , Beaunoyer Mona 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionIn pediatric patients with Budd–Chiari syndrome (BCS), living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) raises substantial challenges regarding IVC reconstruction.Case PresentationWe present a case of an 8‐year‐old girl with BCS caused by myeloproliferative syndrome with JAK2 V617F mutation. She had a complete thrombosis of the inferior vena cava (IVC) with multiple collaterals, developing a Budd–Chiari syndrome. She underwent LDLT with IVC reconstruction with a cryopreserved pulmonary vein graft obtained from a provincial biobank. The living donor underwent a laparoscopic‐assisted left lateral hepatectomy. The reconstruction of the vena cava took place on the back table and the liver was implanted en bloc with the reconstructed IVC in the recipient. Anticoagulation was immediately restarted after the surgery because of her pro‐thrombotic state. Her postoperative course was complicated by a biliary anastomotic leak and an infected biloma. The patient recovered progressively and remained well on outpatient clinic follow‐up 32 weeks after the procedure.ConclusionIVC reconstruction using a cryopreserved pulmonary vein graft is a valid option during LDLT for pediatric patients with BCS where reconstruction of the IVC entails considerable challenges. Early referral to a pediatric liver transplant facility with a multidisciplinary team is also important in the management of pediatric patients with BCS.
Maternal obesity and childhood asthma risk: Exploring mediating pathways
Authors: Rosenquist Natalie A. , Richards Megan , Ferber Jeannette R. , Strickland Matthew J. , Ryu So Young , Burkin Heather , Weber Ann M. , Li De‐Kun , Darrow Lyndsey A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundGrowing evidence for the effect of maternal obesity on childhood asthma motivates investigation of mediating pathways.ObjectiveTo investigate if childhood body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain (GWG) and preterm birth mediate the association of maternal obesity on childhood asthma risk.MethodsWe used electronic medical records from mother–child pairs enrolled in Kaiser Permanente Northern California integrated healthcare system. Children were followed from their birth (2005–2014) until at least age 4 (n = 95,723), age 6 (n = 59,230) or age 8 (n = 25,261). Childhood asthma diagnosis at each age was determined using ICD‐9/10 codes and medication dispensings. Prepregnancy BMI (underweight [<18.5], normal [18.5–24.9], overweight [25–29.9], obese [≥30] kg/m2) were defined using height and weight measurements close to the last menstrual period date. Child's BMI (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention BMI‐for‐age percentiles: underweight [<5th], normal [5th–85th], overweight [85th–95th], obese [>95th]) were obtained using anthropometric measurements taken the year preceding each follow‐up age. GWG (delivery weight‐prepregnancy weight) was categorised based on Institutes of Medicine recommendations (inadequate, adequate, excessive). Implementing first causal inference test (CIT) then causal mediator models (to decompose the natural direct and indirect effects), we examined the potential mediating effect of childhood BMI, GWG, and preterm birth on the association between prepregnancy BMI (continuous and categorical) and childhood asthma.ResultsOverall, risk of childhood asthma increased as prepregnancy BMI increased (age 4 risk ratio: 1.07, 95% confidence interval: 1.04, 1.09, per 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI; similar for age 6 and 8). CIT identified childhood BMI and preterm birth, but not GWG as potential mediators. Causal mediation models confirmed childhood BMI, but not preterm birth, as having a partial mediating effect. Results were similar for age 6 and 8, and when continuous mediators (instead of binary) were assessed.ConclusionsChildhood overweight/obesity has a modest mediating effect on the association between prepregnancy BMI and childhood asthma.
Global yield from aquaculture systems
Authors: Fong Caitlin R. , Gonzales Claire M. , Rennick Mae , Gardner Luke D. , Halpern Benjamin S. , Froehlich Halley E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAquaculture is expected to expand significantly in the coming decades to meet growing demand. A key variable for understanding the potential benefit of and impact from this growth is efficiency; yet a comprehensive assessment of on‐farm area use and yield is limited. Much like land‐based agriculture, range and variation in yields across space, species, and practice provide insights into area use and production efficiencies. Current estimates of aquaculture yields (production per area per time) aggregate on‐farm and off‐farm land use into one ‘land use’ category; in contrast, we disaggregate this category to provide on‐farm yield estimates and account for water area use. We use a quantitative review of scientific literature to synthesize and compare on‐farm area use and yield patterns across countries, taxa, aquatic systems, data source, and production mode (n = 378). Because recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) have been touted as a particularly efficient production mode, we also found estimates for RAS from industry (n = 4). Median, mean and range in yields among countries and taxa vary by orders of magnitude, with algal production greatly exceeding that of crustaceans, fishes and molluscs. Yields in marine systems were on average roughly 5× greater than yields in freshwater systems. RAS had particularly high yields but sparse data and estimates from private corporations were approximately 3.7× higher than literature estimates, on average. This comprehensive assessment of global aquaculture yields offers critical insight into the production efficiencies of different aquaculture forms and the large amount of variability, which could help guide aquaculture policy and practice.
Personal, peaceful, progressive: Integration workers’ narratives of refugee settlement and the rural
Authors: Sætermo Turid , Kristensen Guro Korsnes 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSettlement of refugees in rural areas in Norway is part of a national strategy to counter depopulation and thus links to ideas of revitalization and more promising futures for these areas. It also links up to an idea of smaller communities as ‘better at integrating’, as smaller communities both enable and necessitate more contact between the original population and newcomers. However, although some municipalities reap advantages of the dispersed settlement policy and succeed in retaining settled refugees, other municipalities ‘fail’. This article explores how the integration of refugees in rural communities is interpreted by public integration workers in two rural–coastal municipalities where the outcomes differ significantly. Drawing on 15 qualitative interviews, we discuss how integration workers make sense of local integration efforts, and how notions of the rural are (re)produced through their integration narratives. The analysis finds that the integration narratives draw on and reproduce both distinct and overlapping imaginaries of rural areas. We identify two main imaginaries: the rural as future‐oriented and dynamic, and the rural as close‐knit and peaceful.