bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness and risks of Treating people with Idiopathic Pulmonary fibrosis with the Addition of Lansoprazole (TIPAL): study protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled multicentre clinical trial
Authors: Jones Megan , Cahn Anthony , Chaudhuri Nazia , Clark Allan B , Forrest Ian , Hammond Matthew , Jones Stephen , Maher Toby M , Parfrey Helen , Raghu Ganesh , Simpson A John , Smith Jaclyn Ann , Spencer Lisa G , Thickett David , Vale Luke , Wahed Shajahan , Ward Christopher , Wilson Andrew M 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive fibrotic lung disease frequently complicated by gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Although several observational studies and a pilot study have investigated the role of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in IPF, their efficacy is unknown and there is much debate in international IPF guidelines on their use. We aim to undertake an adequately powered double-blind placebo-controlled randomised multicentre clinical trial to assess the change in forced vital capacity (FVC), cough and other important patient-reported outcomes, following 12-month therapy with PPIs in people with IPF.Methods and analysisA total of 298 patients with IPF diagnosed by a multidisciplinary team according to international guidelines who are not receiving PPIs will be enrolled. Patients are randomised equally to receive two capsules of lansoprazole or two placebo capsules, two times per day for 12 months. The primary outcome for the trial is change in FVC, measured at home, between the first week and last week of the study period. Secondary assessments include cough frequency (in a subgroup) measured using the VitaloJAK cough monitor, the King’s Brief Interstitial Lung Disease questionnaire, the Raghu Scale for Pulmonary Fibrosis, Medical Research Council dyspnoea score, EQ-5D-5L, Leicester Cough Questionnaire, modified DeMeester reflux symptoms questionnaire and opportunistically captured routine lung function measurements. High-resolution CT scoring will be undertaken in a subgroup. The trial is designed to determine whether treating people with IPF with lansoprazole will reduce the reduction in FVC over a year. The COVID-19 pandemic required the study to be undertaken as a remote trial.Ethics and disseminationThis study received ethical approval from the East of England Cambridgeshire and Hertfordshire Research Ethics Committee (reference 20/EE/0043; integrated research application system number 269050). Trial results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal upon completion.Trial registration numberISRCTN13526307; ClinicalTrials.govNCT04965298.
Experiences of health information-seeking behaviour in preoperative patients with lung cancer: a qualitative study in China
Authors: Guo Jiayi , Zhu Jie , Huang Lihua , Li Wei , Ye Man 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveSurgery represents the primary therapeutic modality for lung cancer, typically administered promptly following diagnosis. Accessing pertinent information and making well-informed decisions are imperative to navigate this challenging stage. This study aimed to explore preoperative lung cancer patients’ experiences related to health information-seeking process, based on the information and methodological characteristics of health information-seeking behaviour (HISB).DesignThe study used a qualitative descriptive design, adhering to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines. 23 participants were purposively selected for semistructured interviews. Data analysis was conducted using inductive conventional content analysis.SettingThe study was conducted in the thoracic surgery ward of a tertiary hospital located in China.ParticipantsA total of 23 participants, consisting of 12 males and 11 females, were recruited. Eligible participants were patients with lung cancer aged 18 and above, capable of articulate expression, informed about their diagnosis, preparing for surgical intervention and willing to engage voluntarily in the study.ResultsFour main categories were identified. Participants exhibited different psychological coping strategies and personalised health information needs in their information-seeking behaviour. Challenges emerged in comprehending and assessing factors related to lung cancer, treatment alternatives, surgical complications, online media resources and preoperative exercise protocols. The importance of preoperative respiratory training was often underestimated. Additionally, some participants displayed a tendency to passively receive information, thereby impeding their ability to effectively self-manage throughout the perioperative stage.ConclusionsUnderstanding the experiences in HISB is crucial for improving the health outcomes of patients with lung cancer. Healthcare providers should adopt a patient-centred approach to health education, with a targeted effort to recognise and mitigate specific barriers in clinical practice. Further research is needed to explore effective strategies aimed at augmenting health information-seeking process among patients with lung cancer before surgery.
Perceptions of healthcare professionals on the use of a risk prediction model to inform atrial fibrillation screening: qualitative interview study in English primary care
Authors: Hamilton Ellen , Shone Lydia , Reynolds Catherine , Wu Jianhua , Nadarajah Ramesh , Gale Chris 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesThere is increasing interest in guiding atrial fibrillation (AF) screening by risk rather than age. The perceptions of healthcare professionals (HCPs) towards the implementation of risk prediction models to target AF screening are unknown. We aimed to explore HCP perceptions about using risk prediction models for this purpose, and how models could be implemented.DesignSemistructured interviews with HCPs engaged in the Future Innovations in Novel Detection of AF (FIND-AF) study. Data were thematically analysed and synthesised to understand barriers and facilitators to AF screening and guiding screening using risk assessment.SettingFive primary care practices in England taking part in the FIND-AF study.Participants15 HCPs (doctors, nurses/nurse practitioners, healthcare assistants, receptionists and practice managers).ResultsParticipants knew the health implications of AF and were supportive of the risk prediction models for AF screening. Four main themes developed: (1) health implications of AF, (2) positives and negatives of risk prediction in AF screening, (3) strategies to implement a risk prediction model and (4) barriers and facilitators to risk-guided AF screening. HCPs thought risk-guided AF screening would improve patient outcomes by reducing AF-related stroke, and this outweighed concerns over health anxiety and the impact on workload. Pop-up notifications and practice worklists were the main suggestions for risk-guided screening implementation and for this to be predominantly run by administrative staff. Many recommended the need for educating staff on AF and the prediction models to help aid the implementation of a clear protocol for longitudinal follow-up of high-risk patients and communication of risk.ConclusionsOverall, HCPs participating in the FIND-AF study were supportive of using risk prediction to guide AF screening and willing to take on extra workload to facilitate risk-guided AF screening. The best pathway design and the method of how risk is communicated to patients require further consideration.Trial registration numberNCT05898165.
The impact of compact object deformation on thin accretion disk properties
Authors: Faraji Shokoufe 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We investigate the standard relativistic geometrically thin and optically thick accretion disk in the background of a deformed compact object. The main purpose of this work is to determine whether such a deformed object possesses its own observational fingerprint that can distinguish it from Schwarzschild and Kerr black holes. Our analysis reveals the properties of this relativistic accretion disk model and its dependence on the initial parameters.
The effect of cobalt doping on the structure and properties of copper oxide thin films: Evolution in surface morphology, p- to n-type carrier transition and enhancement optoelectronic behavior
Authors: Rahaman Rabeya , Sharmin Mehnaz , Podder Jiban 
Published: February 2025

This paper reports the preparation of CuO and cobalt (Co)-doped CuO (Co:CuO) thin films (TFs) by a convenient spray pyrolysis reactor. Co concentration (conc.) was varied in CuO TFs from 2 to 8[Formula: see text]at.% at the step of 2[Formula: see text]at.%. In the FESEM images of undoped films, aggregations of nanoparticles were found. The surface morphology of CuO turned into porous and spongy nanostructures for 6[Formula: see text]at.% Co-doping. In XRD analysis, CuO film showed a monoclinic crystal structure with ([Formula: see text]11) peak occurrence. The crystallite size of the films was found to be between 5[Formula: see text]nm and 12[Formula: see text]nm. In UV–vis spectroscopy, the optical transmittance of Co:CuO films increased in the visible region and then saturated in the NIR light region. The highest transmittance of about 96% was found for the 6 at.% Co:CuO film. The band gap of Co:CuO increased with Co doping. Urbach energy, refractive index, dielectric constants and dispersion energy parameters were estimated. Electrical resistivity and carrier concentration were found in the order of [Formula: see text]-cm and [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text], respectively. CuO films showed n-type conductivity for 4, 6 and 8[Formula: see text]at.% Co-doping. The figure of merit increased significantly with Co-doping up to 6[Formula: see text]at.%, indicating the enhancement in optoelectronic behavior.
Methane Production via Al4C3 Electrodeposition from CO2 at an Al Electrode/NaCl-CaCl2 Melt Interface
Authors: Fukuhara Hijiri , Suzuki Yuta , Tanaka Seiya , Goto Takuya 
Published: February 2025

This study proposes a new process for methane production from CO2 and H2O via Al4C3 formation by electrochemical reduction of CO2-derived CO3
2− ions on an Al electrode in NaCl-CaCl2-CaO melt at 873 K. The electrodeposited Al4C3 can generate methane through a spontaneous chemical reaction with water. The proposed process was demonstrated by electrochemical measurements, X-ray diffraction, thermodynamic evaluation, and quantitative analysis of the gas generated by the reaction between the Al4C3 and water. The effects of applied potential, electrolytic time, and additives into the melt on the current efficiency of methane were investigated. It was found that methane was obtained with a maximum current efficiency of 63 ± 2.5% when potentiostatic electrolysis was performed at 0.45 V for 5 min in the melt containing 6.0 mol% Al4C3 under CO2 atmosphere, although that was less than 10% in the system without Al4C3. The addition of Al4C3 before electrolysis prevented the dissolution of the electrodeposited Al4C3 into the melt. Based on the results, the formation mechanism of Al4C3 on the Al electrode is discussed. The novel process of methane synthesis doesn’t need reducing agents, such as hydrogen. It is also possible to obtain CO2-derived methane when needed by storing methane sources as solid Al4C3.
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Quadricuspid Aortic Valve: A Case Series and Systematic Review
Authors: Sheng Wenjing , Zhou Dao , Dai Hanyi , Zheng Rongrong , Aihemaiti Ailifeire , Liu Xianbao 
Published: February 2025

Background: Quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly associated with symptomatic aortic regurgitation (AR) or aortic stenosis (AS). Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for QAV remains uncertain.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed prospectively collected data from patients with QAV undergoing TAVR in our center and conducted a systematic literature review for further investigation.Results: Five patients with QAV were treated with TAVR between April 2016 and December 2023. The median age was 67 years (range: 59–86), and the median Society of Thoracic Surgeons score (STS‐score) was 3.750% (range: 0.916%–11.823%). Procedural success was achieved in all cases. The median follow‐up period was 3 years (from 30 days to 7 years). Four of the patients exhibited no serious complications, while one experienced delayed coronary obstruction. Our systematic review included 31 cases from 21 publications and our center. The median age of patients was 79 years (range: 57–90), including 18 males. The median STS score was 7.835%. Severe AS was present in 64.5% of the patients and severe AR in 41.9%. The most common QAV subtype was type B (48.4%). Technical success was achieved in 100% of the cases, with two cases reporting coronary obstruction and one required a permanent pacemaker implantation. During a median follow‐up period of 1 year (from 30 days to 7 years), one case experienced serious complications of delayed coronary obstruction.Conclusion: The TAVR may be an alternative treatment for patients with QAV, preliminarily demonstrating feasible early and long‐term results from current experience. However, extra precautions regarding coronary artery obstruction complications are necessary due to the rarity and anatomical complexity of QAV.
Transition of Adolescents With Diabetes Mellitus to Adult Care at the Ho Teaching Hospital in Ghana
Authors: Nukpezah Ruth Nimota , Tsigbe Cyril Charles 
Published: February 2025

Background: Transitioning adolescents with diabetes from pediatric to adult care poses significant challenges, especially in low‐resource settings like Ghana. Poorly coordinated transitions can disrupt care continuity and adversely impact health outcomes.Objective: This study explored how adolescents with diabetes mellitus (DM) transition from pediatric to adult care at Ho Teaching Hospital, Ghana.Methods: A qualitative exploratory‐descriptive design was used. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 adolescents and their caregivers. Thematic analysis was applied to identify key themes and subthemes.Findings: Six key themes emerged: (1) inadequate education on DM management, with gaps in adolescents’ and caregivers’ understanding of the disease and emergency symptoms; (2) limited self‐management skills, with caregivers performing most care tasks; (3) poor timing and uncoordinated transfer, with abrupt transitions at age 13; (4) overreliance on caregivers, as caregivers were hesitant to shift responsibilities to adolescents; (5) limited adolescent involvement in care decisions, with healthcare providers engaging more with caregivers; and (6) recommendations for transition improvement, including raising the transfer age, providing skills training, and establishing a transition clinic.Conclusion: The study underscores the need for a structured, developmentally appropriate transition process with targeted education, skills training, and adolescent participation to promote self‐management and improve transition outcomes for adolescents with DM.
Endothelial cell pY397-FAK expression predicts risk of breast cancer recurrences after radiotherapy in SweBCG91-RT cohort
Authors: Drake Rebecca J .G. , Landén Amalia H. , Holmberg Erik , Stenmark Tullberg Axel , Killander Fredrika , Niméus Emma , Jordan Alexander , McGuinness Jennifer , Karlsson Per , Hodivala-Dilke Kairbaan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
PURPOSE: Identifying biomarkers of radiotherapy (RT) response is important for optimising the treatment of early breast cancer (BC). Here we tested the interaction between endothelial cell (EC) expression of phospho-Tyr397-FAK (pY397-FAK) and adjuvant-RT on clinical outcomes after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) within a randomised study. Preclinical data suggests an enhanced effect of RT with low EC_ pY397-FAK expression. METHODS: We analysed tissue microarrays (TMAs) from the SweBCG91-RT (stage I-II, lymph node-negative) BC cohort, consisting of 1,178 patients randomly assigned to receive either BCS alone or BCS plus adjuvant-RT. TMA sections were immunostained for pY397-FAK, CD31, α-smooth-muscle-actin (αSMA) and pan-cytokeratin (panCK). HALO analysis scored mean pY397-FAK intensity in CD31+ ECs, panCK+ tumour epithelial cells (TCs) and αSMA+ mural/stromal cells per core. For 822 patients, multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed for the primary and secondary 5-year endpoints, locoregional recurrence (LRR) and ‘all recurrence’, respectively, as dependent variables, and RT and EC_pY397-FAK as independent variables. RESULTS: EC_ pY397-FAK expression was not predictive for the primary endpoint, LRR (p=0.098), but the direction of the RT effect was in line with preclinical findings. For the secondary endpoint, all recurrence, there was a significant interaction (p=0.026) between EC_ pY397-FAK and RT. Without RT, higher EC_ pY397-FAK expression resulted in lower risk for all recurrence (HR 0.74 per SD, CI 95% 0.57-0.96, p=0.026). CONCLUSION: Within the first 5-years post-BCS, patients with low EC_pY397-FAK expression derive greater benefit from RT than patients with high EC_pY397-FAK expression. However, without RT low EC_pY397-FAK expression is associated with a higher risk of recurrence.
Into the Here and Now: Explorations within a New Acoustic Virtual Reality
Authors: Cliffe Laurence 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The author reflects upon listeners’ experiences and the practice of developing a number of audio-augmented reality sound installations deployed between 2019 and 2020. The installations realized audio-augmented objects: physical real-world objects augmented with virtual audio content. Focusing on users’ feedback from one such installation environment, the author suggests that audio-augmented objects are capable of realizing virtual audio experiences that are indistinguishable from reality, offering the potential for the development of new and exciting auditory experiences that embed virtual audio content within listeners’ physical environments.
The Defining Role of Spatial Immersive Technologies in the Creation of the Electroacoustic Compositions Moments of Liberty I–IV
Authors: Savva Dimitrios 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article focuses on how recording, playback, and compositional spatial immersive technologies play a defining role in creating 8-channel electroacoustic compositions Moments of Liberty I–IV. Drawing from the author’s doctoral research, the article specifically explores the application of these technologies and techniques in the production of the primary sound material, its recording, and the spatial processing and articulation employed primarily to achieve a heightened sense of spatial immersion, and secondarily to enhance dramatization and musical flow.
A Relational Look at Interactions between Humans and Nonhuman Organisms in Interactive Art
Authors: Xu Dan , Lamers Maarten H. , Van Der Heide Edwin , Verbeek Fons J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Interactive art is evolving towards a more-than-human perspective, embracing the significance and opportunities of involving nonhuman participants. This raises questions about the forms and types of interactions applied in such artworks. To capture and analyze interactions facilitated by interspecies artworks, the authors apply a relational model that they originally developed for describing human co-located interaction. By uncovering patterns in the roles of human and nonhuman elements within these artworks, the authors demonstrate that the relational model is effective not only in analyzing such interactions but also in proposing novel roles for future more-than-human interactive art.
Presenteeism during public health crises: Examining why organisational sickness preventative practices work differently for men and women
Authors: Luksyte Aleksandra , Yeo Gillian , Avery Derek R. , Howard Emika 
Published: February 2025

People often come to work sick – a prevalent behaviour even during public health crises. Integrating trait activation and social role theories, we examine how organisational sickness preventative practices affect workplace anxiety, approach and avoidance motivation for presenteeism, in turn, contributing to male–female differences in presenteeism. We conducted a time-separated study. The results ( N = 86 working adults who completed all four waves of the data) supported our moderated mediation model in that organisational sickness preventative practices were beneficial for reducing avoidance motivation to engage in presenteeism for women, but less so for men. These practices were similarly beneficial for reducing workplace anxiety for women, which explained their lower presenteeism compared to men. We performed a cross-sectional replication using only employees who worked in the traditional office at Time 3 ( N = 56) and obtained similar findings. Our results offer steps on how to manage presenteeism. JEL Classification: M12, M14
On printability of barium titanate reinforced PVDF nano ink for smart and flexible sensors: Rheological and concentration view point
Authors: Kumar Sudhir , Duvedi Ravinder Kumar , Sharma Sandeep Kumar , Batish Ajay 
Published: February 2025

In this research, an effort has been made to explore the feasibility of nanoparticle reinforcement of barium titanate (BTO) in PVDF/Dimethylformamide (DMF) polymeric solution for DIW application. This study also explores the feasibility of 2D printing a box pattern for developed polymeric composite ink using dispenser-based phenomenon on the platform of Microplotter proto printer which is capable of printing high viscosity inks up to 450cp. The study also explores the fluidic response of developed ink to control its printability. The results suggest that 5 wt% PVDF/DMF solution works without any difficulty in nozzle ejection. The density and viscosity of the composite ink increase with increased BTO content. The highest recorded values for density and viscosity in the PVDF/DMF solution matrix reinforced with 28 wt% BTO are 1275.6 kg/m3 and 57.6 cP, respectively. The surface tension observed to be decreased above a 24.5 wt% reinforcement, attributed to the dominant hydrophilic nature of BTO at higher concentrations. Additionally, a feasibility study on 2D printing of the developed inks indicates success, as the inks were effectively printed using a dispenser-based technique. Thus, a higher BTO-reinforced PVDF/DMF matrix can be used in future studies for better piezoelectric yield which is crucial for sensor applications.