bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New insights into mapping lesion and neurotransmitter distribution comparisons in MOG-ab and AQP4-ab neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Authors: Zhao Yinan , Liu Lei , Wu Pu-Yeh , Wu Jiali , Huang Xu , Wei Quanfeng , Gong Ruisi , Jiao Jinlin , Fan Guoguang , Cao Jibin , Cui Lingling 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective: Both aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4) associated optic neuromyelitis spectrum disease (NMOSD) and Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disease (MOGAD) involve autoimmune-mediated neuronal damage. Brain damage can have direct or indirect effects on the neurotransmitter system, leading to disruptions and functional abnormalities in neural transmission. By examing a sizable and thoroughly characterized cohort of AQP4+ NMOSD and MOGAD patients, we aimed to compare the spatial distribution of brain lesions in the two diseases and to understand the theoretical bases for location preferences. Next, we explored and compared the association between the characteristics of lesion frequency map and the distribution of neurotransmitters in the whole brain to identify novel therapeutic targets based on neurotransmitter modulation.
Methods: We gathered clinical details and MRI data to construct a lesion frequency map in AQP4+ NMOSD and MOGAD patients. Probabilistic lesion distribution maps were created after lesions automatic segmentation and spatial normalization. Lobe-wise and voxel-wise quantitative comparisons of two distributions were performed. JuSpace toolbox was performed to explore whether the lesion frequency map correlated with an abnormal distribution of specific neurotransmitters.
Results: The findings showed that both AQP4+ NMOSD and MOGAD patients had supratentorial and infratentorial brain lesions, with the highest probability in the deep sublobular white matter (WM) region in both groups; The MOGAD patients' brain lesions were larger, more concentrated, and more likely to be in the deep sublobular WM, hippocampus, cerebellum, putamen, pons, medulla oblongata, cerebellum and gray matter (GM), as well as WM in the frontal, temporal, and occipital lobes. Eight neurotransmitter levels showed a substantial positive correlation with the lesion probability distribution in AQP4+ NMOSD. On the other hand, only dability distribution of MOGAD lesions and both mGluR5 and 5HT2a. Conversely, only noradrenergic (NAT) and dopaminergic (D2, DAT, FDOPA) neurotransmitters were substantially linked with the lesion probability distribution in MOGAD. Furthermore, mGluR5 and 5HT2a showed a somewhat negative correlation with the probability distribution of MOGAD lesions. The pattern of distribution of brain lesions showed also a significant spatial correspondence with a higher distribution of 5HT1a receptor in MOGAD patients comparing to AQP4+ NMOSD.
Conclusion: The lesion spatial distribution results improved our understanding of imaging characteristics in the MOGAD and AQP4+ NMOSD patients. We also revealed that the distribution pattern of brain lesions showed a spatial correspondence with specific neurotransmitter, opening up a novel way to assess lesion location predilection or lesion origin.
Association between tea intake and alcohol consumption and diabetes complications: A two sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Jia Ming-Jie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Studies have indicated that there is a relationship between tea drinking, alcohol consumption, and a reduced risk of diabetes and its complications. However, there is currently no consensus on the potential relationships between tea drinking, alcohol consumption, and diabetes as well as its complications. In this study, we employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis for the first time to systematically explore the causal relationships between tea intake, alcohol consumption, and diabetes as well as its complications.
Methods: Genetic instruments for tea drinking were identified from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 447,485 individuals. Genetic instruments for alcohol intake were identified from a GWAS involving 462,346 individuals. Summary data for diabetes and its complications were obtained from various GWAS meta-analyses. Causal effects between tea drinking, alcohol consumption, and diabetes as well as its complications were examined. Inverse variance-weighted Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted as the primary method for causal inference. Further sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure the robustness of the results.
Results: The IVW assessment showed a causal relationship between alcohol intake and three diabetic complications. Type 2 diabetes with other specified/multiple/unspecified complications , Type 2 diabetes with ophthalmic complications and Type 2 diabetes with renal complications indicated an association with alcohol intake. However, there was horizontal pleiotropy in the study of alcohol intake and three diabetic complications, making the conclusions unreliable. The IVW assessment showed a causal relationship between tea intake and two diabetic complications. Type 1 diabetes with neurological complications, Type 1 diabetes with peripheral circulatory complications showed an association with tea intake.
Conclusion: Our research shows that tea and alcohol consumption have a protective effect against diabetic complications.This research contributes to a deeper understanding of dietary influences on diabetes, offering potential directions for future research and public health advocacy.
No Negative Influence On Complications of femoral neck fracture Children Age 14-17 years Treatment with Cannulated Screws Transphyseal fixation
Authors: Bo Rui , Liu Yang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Hip fractures in children are rare, accounting for less than 1% of all pediatric fractures. The femoral head’s physeal closure at 14 to 17 years of age provides the capacity for spontaneous fracture remodeling. The primary objective of this retrospective study was to determine the impact of transphyseal fixation of cancellous screws on outcomes in this age group.
Methods
The study included patients aged between 14 to 17 years with Delbet type II and Type III hip fractures treated with cancellous screw fixation from April 2007 to August 2016. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether the cancellous screws threaded across the proximal femur epiphysis: the no cross epiphysis (NCE) group and the cross epiphysis (CE) group. The outcome was an analysis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, nonunion, delayed union, premature epiphyseal closure (PPC), coxa vara, and overgrowth of the femoral neck.
Results
Of the 28 patients included in the study, most were male (92.9%). 19 were classified as Delbet type II, and 9 were type III. The CE and the NCE group both included 14 patients. The average follow-up time was 37.8 months (range 26–68 months). The rate of superficial infection, deep infection, AVN, non-union, delay union, coxa vara, PCE, and overgrowth was not significantly different between the two groups.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the study demonstrated that transphyseal fixation of cannulated screws has no negative impact on outcomes, particularly on femoral head osteonecrosis. Achieving accurate reduction and rigid fixation for this unique injury is more important than preserving the proximal femoral epiphysis.
Chromatographic evaluation of Safranal and Ellagic Acid in Ayurvedic Tea Formulation and its major Ingredients
Authors: Meena Ajay Kumar , Kumar Vivek , Kamra Jagriti , Kumar Vijay , Saini Pradyumn , N Srikanth 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
India is blessed with an extensive variety of plants, trees, shrubs, and herbs that are utilized in the traditional Indian medical system and have been reported to have excellent therapeutic effects in treating ailments. Historically, medicinal plants have been a primary source of compounds used in medicine to treat illnesses. In the indigenous medical system, Terminalia arjuna and Crocus sativusare the most beneficial and well-recognized medicinal plants for treating a wide range of serious illnesses. The goal of this study is thedevelopment of comparative chromatographic profiles ofAyurvedic tea formulation and its major ingredients for identification, and quantitative estimation of concerned PRS/Markers using HPTLC and HPLC. In this study, we have done HPTLC Fingerprint profiling of Ayurvedic tea formulation, Terminalia arjuna, Crocus sativus, Ellagic acid and Safranal.Safranal and Ellagic acid reference standards were visible in test solution of Crocus sativus extract, Terminalia arjuna and Ayurvedic tea formulation respectively and found comparable under UV light and after derivatization with derivatizing reagent. The quantification of Terminalia arjuna and Crocus sativus in formulation was done through HPLC. The quantitative evaluation of Safranal present in Ayurvedic tea formulation and Crocus sativus was 0.0330% and 0.1041% respectively. The quantitative evaluation of Ellagic acid present in Terminalia arjuna,stem bark and Ayurvedic tea formulation was 0.2814% and 0.1293% respectively.
Successful treatment of a B/T MPAL patient by chemo-free treatment with Venetoclax,Azacitidine and Blinatumomab
Authors: Liu Shaoyu , Cui Qingya , Li Mengyun , Li Zheng , Chen Sifan , Wu Depei , Tang Xiaowen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
B/T mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL), which represents only 2-3% of all MPAL cases, is classified as a high-risk leukemia subtype. Adults diagnosed with B/T MPAL have a notably low three-year survival rate, estimated at 20–40%. The rarity and undercharacterization of B/T MPAL present substantial challenges in identifying an optimal treatment protocol. This report aims to shed light on this issue by presenting a case in which a patient with a complex karyotype was treated using a combination of Venetoclax, Azacitidine, and Blinatumomab. This novel, chemo-free regimen resulted in the patient achieving both hematologic and molecular complete remission , with no severe organ or hematological toxicity observed. Notably, the patient continued to maintain molecular remission for 1 years following the transplantation. Based on these findings, the combination of Venetoclax, Azacitidine, and Blinatumomab could be considered a potential therapeutic approach for B/T MPAL patients, meriting further investigation.
Associated factors of sedentary behavior among patients with coronary artery disease based on health belief model
Authors: Jiang Yu-lu , Xin Xiao , Ni Xue-Ping , Cui Pei-Rong , Wang Qing-Qing , Huang Wen-Ni , Qing Shi-Yu , Li Xian-Hua 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background People’s health belief has been an important factor affecting health behavior. However, there has been little use of the health belief model (HBM) in determining the pathway effect of patients’ health belief on sedentary behavior among patients with coronary artery disease (CHD). The goal of our study was to evaluate determinants of sedentary behavior among patients with CHD based on the HBM.Methods It was a cross-sectional study. A survey about health belief and sedentary behavior was completed by 379 adults with CHD from February to August 2023. The causal relationship between HBM-related factors and sedentary behavior was explored using a structural equation model.Results A total of 379 complete responses were included; 67.0% of participants were male. The mean sedentary time was (7.18 ± 2.64) h/d. The model fit the data from the study well. Perceived barriers (total effect 0.296, P < 0.01) had promoting effects on sedentary behavior among patients with CHD. Self-efficacy (total effect − 0.253, P < 0.01), the knowledge of sedentary behavior (total effect − 0.279, P < 0.01), perceived susceptibility (total effect − 0.084, P < 0.05), perceived severity (total effect − 0.317, P < 0.01), perceived benefits (total effect − 0.266, P < 0.01) and health motivation (total effect − 0.105, P < 0.05) had negative effects on sedentary behavior. The relationship between the knowledge of sedentary behavior, perceived severity, perceived barriers, and perceived benefits on sedentary behavior were moderated by self-efficacy. The health belief could explain 32.9% of sedentary behavior among patients with CHD (P < 0.05).Conclusions The HBM constructs can serve as good predictors of sedentary behavior. Community medical staff can develop targeted sedentary behavior interventions among patients with CHD based on the health belief model in the future.
Bed Management Strategies in Hospital during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: He Yuheng , Zhou Ailing , Zeng Zhongyi , Ma Li , Wei Yi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
In late 2022, China experienced a COVID-19 outbreak in which many infected individuals had to be hospitalized due to symptoms such as fever and body aches. This situation placed significant pressure on hospitals to effectively allocate their bed resources, leading to delays in hospital medical services. There was a clear shortage of general beds and intensive care unit (ICU) beds. Therefore, the rational allocation of bed resources to meet the admission needs of COVID-19 patients has become a pressing issue for hospital management. This study aimed to summarize the bed resource management model and experiences of a large hospital in China during the COVID-19 outbreak from December 2022 to February 2023. The goal was to provide a reference for the exploration of preventive and control strategies for future public health emergencies.
Methods
To describe the bed management strategies implemented at the hospital during the COVID-19 outbreak and evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies, we analysed indicators such as length of hospital stay and waiting time by using the Wilcoxon rank sum test.
Results
From December 7, 2022, to February 7, 2023, the hospital experienced a rapid recovery after a decline in the bed occupancy rate, but the number of patients waiting for admission far exceeded the hospital's capacity. The implementation of the aforementioned measures led to a significant reduction in the waiting time for emergency department patients. The waiting time for outpatient department patients increased compared to that in the previous period, while the length of stay for patients admitted through the outpatient department decreased. On the other hand, the average length of stay for patients admitted through the emergency department slightly increased.
Conclusion
To improve bed turnover and availability, the hospital actively implemented measures to dynamically adjust the bed allocation plan and shorten the average waiting time in the emergency department and the average length of stay in the outpatient and emergency departments. This study provides valuable experiences and strategic references for future similar public health emergencies.
Vitamin D deficiency and its association with Depression in under 18s: A mysterious relationship of sunlight with darkness
Authors: Khan Hayat 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Vitamin D receptors are present in areas of the brain involved in mood regulation, such as the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. It is suggested that Vitamin D may modulate the synthesis and release of neurotransmitters, including serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, which play crucial roles in mood regulation and are implicated in depression. Vitamin D also has anti-inflammatory properties and can influence immune system functioning. Chronic inflammation has been linked to the development of depression. Vitamin D may help regulate the immune response, reducing inflammation and potentially mitigating depressive symptoms. The deficiency of this vitamin has been previously thought to be not as common as recognized now. This review examined multiple studies to investigate the correlation between Vitamin D deficiency and clinical depression in children and adolescents. While numerous studies conducted on adult cohorts have established a plausible association between Vitamin D deficiency and depression, the body of research focused on individuals under the age of 18 remains significantly limited. Drawing from the existing literature, it is imperative for mental health clinicians to uphold a vigilant clinical approach, emphasizing early identification and intervention for the diagnosis and management of Vitamin D deficiency in this demographic.
Screening for Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Associated Uveitis with Laser Flare Photometry in the Pediatric Rheumatology Office: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Ede Kaleo , Shishov Michael , Wershba Elisa , Goswami Nikita , Gorry Sabrina , Joseph Malin , Mirea Lucia , O'Neil James 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) Associated Uveitis (JIA-U) remains one of the most serious complications of JIA in children. Historically, pediatric JIA is diagnosed by an Optometrist or Ophthalmologist; however, barriers to scheduling increase wait times that may delay diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate laser flare photometry (LFP) use to diagnose JIA-U in the Pediatric Rheumatology clinic for patients with JIA.
Methods
This prospective, observational study assessed pediatric patients diagnosed with JIA without a previous history of uveitis between January 2020 and September 2022. All patients underwent at least one evaluation of both eyes using a Kowa FM-600 laser flare photometer during a routine Rheumatology appointment, as well as a standard slit lamp examination (SLE) by optometry or ophthalmology during routine clinical care. Data collected at patient visits included demographics, JIA characteristics, treatment, LFP readings, and anterior chamber (AC) cell grade score utilizing the SUN grading system. Data were summarized using descriptive analyses and the uveitis false positive rate was calculated.
Results
The study cohort included 58 pediatric patients diagnosed with JIA. The mean age was 8.4 years (1.2–16.3 years) at diagnosis and 11.9 (4.8–16.5 years) at enrollment. Participants were predominantly female (n = 43, 74.1%) and white/Caucasian race (n = 37, 63.8%). The most common JIA subtypes included persistent oligoarticular JIA (n = 19, 32.8%), and 12 RF negative polyarticular JIA (n = 12, 20.7%). At enrollment, 15 patients (25.9%) were not on medications, with 26 (44.8%) on methotrexate, 22 (37.9%) on adalimumab, 6 (10.3%) on tocilizumab, and 5 (8.6%) on etanercept During the study period, no eye exams detected active uveitis based on SLE with a SUN grade over 0. However, of the 135 LFP readings, 131 (97.0%) were normal, yielding a false positive rate of 3% (95% CI: 0.8%, 7.4%).
Conclusions
LFP is a non-invasive tool that can be utilized in the pediatric rheumatology clinic to evaluate for JIA-U. There is a low false positive rate of LFP when compared with standard slit lamp exam.
A hybrid lens to realize electrical real-time super-resolution Imaging
Authors: Wu Geng-Bo , Chen Jin , Huang Shao-Xin , Chan Ka Fai , Chan Chi Hou 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Real-time dynamic super-resolution focusing technology is crucial for various applications, particularly in super-resolution imaging. However, the diffraction limit significantly impedes the achievement of real-time dynamic super-resolution imaging. Prior studies within this domain, such as super-resolution fluorescence imaging and structural illumination microscopy, heavily rely on fluorescent labels and intricate algorithms. This article proposes a novel approach to achieving real-time dynamic super-resolution imaging at microwave frequency by integrating the Mikaelian lens derived from conformal transformation optics with the space-time-coding metasurface antenna. Real-time dynamic super-resolution focusing with a resolution ranging from 0.3λ to 0.4λ is demonstrated at the periphery of the Mikaelian lens. The proposed hybrid lens exhibits the capacity to discern features separated by about one-third of a wavelength with high precision. Our work offers a universal solution for achieving dynamic real-time super-resolution imaging electrically, which can be extended to terahertz waves, visible light, and other wave fields, such as acoustic and flexural waves
Two-dimensional red phosphorus: Emerging nonlinear optical material with solvent effect
Authors: Xie Zheng , Wang Jingjing , Wu Cuiyu , Dong Xuezhe , Li Yunfei , Liu Fulai , Zhang Hailong , Chen Yong , Zhang Han 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Currently, the existing third-order nonlinear optical research about phosphorus-based two-dimensional materials mainly focuses on black phosphorus, while the study on red phosphorus is still insufficient. Here, the third-order nonlinear optical properties of two-dimensional red phosphorus are reported for the first time. Interestingly, the nonlinear optical solvent effect is observed in several solvents including 1,2-propylene glycol and 1,2,3-glycerol. Ultrafast carrier dynamics and time-dependent density functional theory calculations jointly reveal that this solvent-dependent nonlinear optical behavior is attributed to different absorption capacities between the ground and excited states, which are influenced by the dielectric polarizations of the solvents. These results endow two-dimensional red phosphorus with promising prospects in nonlinear optical applications.
Which contributes more to the relict flora distribution pattern in East Asia, geographical processes or climate change? New evidence from the phylogeography of Rehderodendron kwangtungense
Authors: Jin Jiehao , Zhao Wanyi , Chen Sufang , Gu Chao , Chen Zhihui , Liu Zhongcheng , Liao Wenbo , Fan Qiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Relict species are important for enhancing the understanding of modern biogeographic distribution patterns. Although both geological and climatic changes since the Cenozoic have affected the relict flora in East Asia, the contributions of geographical processes remain unclear. Here, we studied the population differentiation history of the relict species Rehderodendron kwangtungense Hu during the Cenozoic. In this study, 138 individuals from 16 populations of R. kwangtungense were subjected to double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq) and shallow genome sequencing.
Results
We studied the population structure and historical biogeography of the relict species R. kwangtungense. The genetic diversity within the R. kwangtungense populations was extremely low. Mantel tests revealed an isolation-by-distance pattern, and the evidence of pollen and fruit morphology suggested that the distribution pattern of R. kwangtungense formed prior to the Miocene. Between 23 and 21 Ma, R. kwangtungense underwent a period of rapid differentiation that coincided with the rise of the Himalayas and the establishment of the East Asian monsoon. According to ecological niche modelling (ENM) and population demographic history, the suitable area and effective population size of R. kwangtungense decreased sharply during the glacial period and expanded after the last glacial maximum (LGM).
Conclusion
Our study shows that the distribution pattern of southern China mountain relict flora may have developed during the panplain stage between the middle Oligocene and the early Miocene. Then, the flora later fragmented under the force of orogenesis, including intermittent uplift during the Cenozoic Himalayan orogeny and the formation of abundant rainfall associated with the East Asian monsoon.