bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Air Quality on the Tourism Industry: Measuring Stakeholder Subjectivity in Mures Country Using the Q Methodology
Authors: Bacoș Ioan-Bogdan , Gabor Manuela-Rozalia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study examines the perceptions of stakeholders regarding air quality and how it influences the tourism industry, exploring the relationship between air quality and travel decisions, the impact of air pollution on tourism demand, sustainable rural tourism development, and the level of air quality awareness in tourists' home countries. Utilizing the Q Methodology, based on Stephenson's theoretical concept of operative subjectivity, subjective perceptions and opinions of stakeholders in Mureș County regarding the impact of air quality on the tourism industry were measured. Data were collected through the Q-sort tool from a heterogeneous sample of 20 participants (P-sample) socio-demographically. The research highlights significant concern about air pollution and its impact on tourism and the environment, particularly in Târgu Mureș. The results reveal strong disapproval among the stakeholders, suggesting a common, homogeneous understanding of the importance of environmental protection and the need for a sustainable approach in the tourism industry and beyond. Three relevant factors were identified, including unfavorable perceptions regarding (1) the impact of pollution, (2) consensus on the importance of environmental conservation in sustainable tourism, and (3) diversity of perceptions regarding the impact of pollution on tourism demand and tourist satisfaction. The findings underscore the necessity of a balanced and genuine approach to promote sustainable and responsible tourism, considering similarities and differences in perceptions regarding the impact of pollution on tourism demand.
Investors' Reaction to Financial Reporting – Empirical Studies on Price Volatility on the Bucharest Stock Exchange
Authors: Spătăcean Ioan Ovidiu , Herțeg Maria Cristina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, the impact of financial reporting upon investment decision is assessed through investors' behavior and measured by the stock price variation. This research analyzes preliminary, semestrial, and quarterly financial reports from 24 BSE listed companies, namely companies within the BET XT index (14) and companies within the BET AeRO index (10), over the reporting periods between 2018 and 2022. The main finding shows that investors, instead of being influenced by the market general trend, reacted rationally in 47% of the cases as they assigned the highest importance to the fundamentals from the preliminary reports. Based on the results obtained from the two indicators introduced in the research, we concluded that between financial reporting and market sentiment, the factor with the highest level of influence on price variation was financial reporting.
Applied materials engineering for orthodontic wires
Authors: Wilcock Arthur J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In Australia, the history of materials engineering for orthodontic wires is generally related to the development of the Begg appliance. Therefore, until recently, it has helped in the search for light resilient forces produced by fine high-tensile stainless steel wires. Recently there has been added the desire to include wires of a low modulus of elasticity which also produce light forces but in larger diameter rectangular wires. There have been three periods of development, namely, up to and including the Second World War, up to Dr Begg’s passing, and subsequently.
A general metallurgical background for archwire selection and use is given including the following considerations: stiffness, flexibility, zero stress relaxation, formability, resiliency, high yield phenomena, and wire fracture and crack propagation; and how some of these may be evaluated by the fingers.
Home advantage in matches of the top Polish men’s handball league in the seasons before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Krawczyk Paweł , Smoliński Maksymilian , Labiński Jan , Szczerba Mateusz 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Study aim: The aim of the study was to determine whether there are differences in performance analysis in high-sport handball matches between Pre-COVID-19, during COVID-19, and Post-COVID-19 seasons in the home and away matches.

Material and methods: The study material was obtained from the official match statistics of male PGNiG Superleague Ltd. (493 matches). The study included the 2019/2020 (before), 2020/2021 (during), and the 2021/2022 (after) season. Statistical tests were used: the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results: The COVID-19 pandemic period affected the reduction of home advantage during handball matches. The venue was a differentiating factor in selected handball team activities in the Pre-COVID-19 season, while there were no differences between home and away matches in the COVID-19 and Post-COVID-19 seasons. The away matches in the Pre-COVID-19 season were characterized by more throws from 9m and lower goals and throws from 6m than in the Post-COVID-19 season, indicating recent trends in handball play.

Conclusion: The home advantage associated with playing home matches in terms of the Pre-COVID-19 season and between seasons occurs mainly in the first round of play. Further studies focusing on performance analysis in handball depending on the outcome of the match (win, lose) and the venue (home, away) should be conducted.
The effect of a 12-week functional training program on functional movement patterns and dynamic balance in young elite ice hockey players
Authors: Bieniec Anna , Grabara Małgorzata 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Study aim: This study examined the effects of a 12-week functional training (FT) program on basic movement patterns and dynamic balance in hockey players.

Material and methods: Forty-three male ice hockey players aged 16.2 ± 0.76 years, were allocated into the experimental (EG) or control (CG) groups. The EG underwent additional 60-minute supervised FT sessions twice weekly, while the CG had an additional 60-minute team game class and swimming class. Fundamental movement patterns were assessed using the functional movement screening (FMSTM), whereas dynamic balance was assessed by the Y-balance test (YBT).

Results: After completion of the FT program, the hockey players assigned to the EG achieved higher results in the deep squat (p = 0.0143), hurdle step (p = 0.0002), in-line lunge (p = 0.0082), shoulder mobility (p = 0.0455), and rotatory stability tests (p = 0.0253), had higher total FMSTM scores (p = 0.0003), and less asymmetry (p = 0.0032) than at baseline. They improved all of the normalized scores in YBT. The hockey players assigned to the CG did not improve their results, but their performance decreased in the hurdle step test (p = 0.0082), and they showed more asymmetry (p = 0.0124) than at baseline.

Conclusions: The implementation of FT can lead to significant improvements in fundamental movement patterns and dynamic balance among ice hockey players. This suggests that implementing FT can enhance fundamental movement patterns in athletes and should be considered an integral part of sports training. By integrating FT into regular training routines, athletes across different sports may potentially improve their movement patterns, thereby enhancing their overall performance and reducing the risk of injury.
Germination and early seedling growth in four Plantago species in response to Zn, Cu and Fe
Authors: Ltaeif Hela Belhaj , Sakhraoui Anis , Castillo Jesús M. , Rouz Slim , Vicente Oscar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Heavy metal contamination is an increasingly pressing global ecological concern adversely affecting plant growth. Phytoremediation is an eco-friendly and low-cost approach to help solve this problem by using plants to remove metals. This study aimed to evaluate the phytoremediation potential of four Plantago species, exposing them to different concentrations (0, 150, 300, 600 and 900 ppm) of zinc, copper, and iron during germination and early seedling growth. These are generally the phases of the plant life cycle most sensitive to stress. The germination percentage (GP), mean germination time (MGT), radicle, hypocotyl and cotyledons length, biomass, water content and tolerance index (TI) were recorded under controlled conditions. The results indicated that metal-induced stress significantly reduced GP, increased MGT, and inhibited seedling growth with increased metal concentration. The relative toxicity of the tested metals could be ranked as Fe > Cu > Zn. Regarding the Plantago species, P. tunetana and P. lanceolata could be considered highly tolerant, P. albicans moderately tolerant, and P. afra low-tolerant to metal toxicity during germination. Therefore, P. tunetana and P. lanceolata present an excellent potential for phytoremediation of metal-contaminated zones.
Different Level of Tolerance to Herbicides is Displayed by Triticum aestivum L. Cultivars Depending on Herbicide Category and Mode of Application
Authors: Ariola Bacu , Ramize Hoxha , Kathelina Kristollari 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Herbicides (HBs) are an integral part of modern agricultural practice globally as one of the most suitable methods for chemical weed control. Hence, they may inadvertently damage crops through similar mechanisms well-functioning at weeds. Tolerance to three categories of treatments (tribenuron-methyl, 2,4 D and their combination), and the impact of the mode of application (pre-treatment of seeds or spraying on plants) was assessed through morphometric analysis (total plant length, root length, stem length, lengths of the first three leaves, relative water content-RWC), and pigment content analysis for some wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars in use in Albania. Results speak of a cultivar specific tolerance to each HB category, discriminating “Dajti” as the most resistant cultivar, and suggesting that the stress imposed to plants by the combination of HBs can produce significant differences in pigment content. The mode of treatment, on the other side showed that glyphosate pre-treatment of seeds led to inhibition of germination, and plants germinated from seed pre-treatment with in 2,4-D displayed significant modification of plant morphology, and germination rate, and had limited impact on RWC. On contrary, few statistically significant changes in morphometric traits and pigments content were evidenced when plants were treated with 2,4-D or glyphosate after the germination. In conclusion, the combination of HBs produced significant changes in plant pigments content compared to the impact of each HB alone, and the pre-treatment of seeds lead either to inhibition or delayed germination. Based on the above we recommend avoiding these practices, and suggest further exploration of alternative HB combinations and modes of treatment before large scale applications.
Artificial cells: A potentially groundbreaking field of research and therapy
Authors: Dundar Mehmet Sait , Baki Yildirim A. , Yildirim Duygu T. , Akalin Hilal , Dundar Munis 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Artificial cells are synthetic constructs that mimic the architecture and functions of biological cells. Artificial cells are designed to replicate the fundamental principles of biological systems while also have the ability to exhibit novel features and functionalities that have not been achieved before. Mainly, Artificial cells are made up of a basic structure like a cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm and cellular organelles. Nanotechnology has been used to make substances that possess accurate performance in these structures. There are many roles that artificial cells can play such as drug delivery, bio-sensors, medical applications and energy storage. An additional prominent facet of this technology is interaction with biological systems. The possibility of synthetic cells being compatible with living organisms opens up the potential for interfering with specific biological activities. This element is one of the key areas of research in medicine, aimed at developing novel therapies and comprehending life processes. Nevertheless, artificial cell technology is not exempt from ethical and safety concerns. The interplay between these structures and biological systems may give rise to questions regarding their controllability and safety. Hence, the pursuit of artificial cell research seeks to reconcile ethical and safety concerns with the potential advantages of this technology.
Human Resource Management Practices for Effective Organizational Change: A Review of Research in Western and Non-Western Countries
Authors: AL-NAKEEB Ahmed A. R. , GHADI Mohammed Yasin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Organizational change (OC) initiatives require effective human resource management practices (HRMPs). This review analyzes recent research on the role of HRMPs in OC, focusing on major trends and differences between Western and non-Western contexts. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA)-guided search using Scopus and Google Scholar identified 26 relevant studies. The key findings showed the varied and crucial roles that HRMPs play in communicating change goals, engaging employees, and collaborating with stakeholders. In particular, hard OC involving actions such as downsizing warrants responsive HRMPs. Although some practices transfer well across settings, implementing HRMPs in non-Western environments requires adaptation to local cultural and religious norms. The predominant focus on Western contexts underscores the need for more research in understudied regions, such as the Middle East and North Africa. The limitations of this review include potential biases in the source studies and the exclusion of nonindexed literature. We conclude by calling for an expanded investigation into evidence-based HRMPs and the complex dynamics between HRMPs and diverse types of OC across different organizational and national settings.
The concept of evidence obtained from electronic correspondence
Authors: Rogalski Maciej 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article addresses cross-border cooperation between Polish law enforcement authorities and those of other European Union Member States in obtaining electronic evidence in criminal matters. It discusses provisions such as Article 589g § 1, Article 589l § 1, Article 589w § 4, and Article 589ze § 10 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CCP), focusing on defining electronic evidence. Currently, there are no legal definitions for these terms. The article posits that the existing definitions of electronic evidence are imprecise and lead to interpretational doubts. Therefore, it is crucial to organise the conceptual framework in the CCP by creating new definitions or clarifying existing ones. The analysis incorporates the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2023/1543 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 July 2023 on European Prod uction Orders and European Preservation Orders for electronic evidence in criminal proceedings and the execution of custodial sentences following criminal proceedings.
Cooperation with third countries in combating money laundering in the face of modern challenges
Authors: Golonka Anna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The study is devoted to the issue of international cooperation in combating money laundering as a transnational crime. It is an original scientific article, the purpose of which is to highlight the difficulties that, in the current global situation, are posed by cooperation with third countries, i.e., those that are not members of the European Union. The analysis covers several thematic areas that are of key importance in this regard (using the formal dogmatic method). The specificity of the regulations in force in other countries was also indicated, particularly in the context of modern technologies and threats of cyber-laundering (incorporating elements of the legal and comparative method). As a result, conclusions were drawn regarding the challenges that the fight against laundering raises on the international arena, extending beyond the structures of the EU. The conclusion suggests directions for actions that would be desirable to undertake in order to ensure effective international cooperation with third countries in the field of combating money laundering.
Issuance of the European investigation order at the stage of a preparatory proceeding for the purpose of obtaining information constituting bank secrecy
Authors: Kąkol Cezary 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The article discusses matters related to the issuance of the European Investigation Order (EIO) during the stage of a preparatory proceeding, the objective of which is to obtain information protected by banking secrecy from a foreign bank. Attention is drawn to the essence of this instrument of international cooperation in criminal matters and its comprehensive nature. A key problem revealed in prosecutorial and judicial practice consists of determining the entity competent to issue the European Investigation Order in the in rem phase of the preparatory proceedings. This issue also necessitates determining whether, in such a procedural situation, it is necessary to obtain the consent of the district court to access information subject to bank secrecy and whether this affects the scope of competence of the court or the prosecutor. An examination of case law and the accompanying opinions of the doctrine presented in the article reveals a non-uniform, even mutually exclusive, approach to this issue. A critical look at the presented range of views enables a clear stance on the aforementioned issues and the formulation of a de lege ferenda proposal.
Consequences of introducing the possibility of imposing an irreducible life sentence into the criminal code with regard to extradition and the execution of the european arrest warrant
Authors: Tyburcy Tomasz , Rogoziński Piotr 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Act of 7 July 2022, amending the Act – Criminal Code and certain other acts, introduced the possibility of imposing a sentence of life imprisonment without parole into the Criminal Code. The legislator provided for two grounds for the optional imposition of an irreducible life imprisonment sentence. The first (Article 77 § 3 of the Criminal Code) is based on formal grounds: a previous conviction for a specific type of crime (against life and health, freedom, sexual freedom, public security, or of a terrorist nature) to life imprisonment or imprisonment for a term of not less than 20 years. The second ground (Article 77 § 4 of the Criminal Code) operates on a substantive condition: the nature and circumstances of the act and the personal characteristics of the perpetrator indicate that the perpetrator’s remaining at liberty would pose a permanent danger to the life, health, freedom, or sexual freedom of others. This article posits that the provisions of Article 77 § 3 and 4 of the Criminal Code are incompatible with Article 3 of the ECHR, which prohibits torture and inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. As a result of the introduction of this type of punishment in Polish law, we may unfortunately realistically expect other states to refuse to hand over individuals prosecuted for crimes punishable by such punishment or those already sentenced to such punishment.
Gloss on the judgement of the Supreme Court of 28 February 2023, I KZP 13/22 (expressing approval)
Authors: Krajnik Szymon 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The present gloss refers to the thesis and considerations expressed in the Supreme Court judgement of 28 February 2023, I KZP 13/22, concerning the exception to the rule of speciality stipulated in Article 14(1)(b) of the European Convention on Extradition. The author presents arguments concerning the broad international legal context of the analysed regulation, which develops and confirms the accuracy of the Supreme Court’s stance on a broader than lexical interpretation of the term ‘final discharge’. Moreover, the paper discusses the nature of the exception in question in the light of the standard of protection laid down in Article 52(4) of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland.
Development of a method for the determination of sedatives in bovine and porcine urine and kidneys by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Śniegocki Tomasz , Samorek Elżbieta , Sell Bartosz , Krajewska Weronika 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Sedatives have been used for a long time as animal tranquillisers to prevent stress and weight loss during their transportation. The proper determination of these substances in food of animal origin is essential for consumer safety.

Material and Methods
A 1 g portion of pig or cow urine or homogenised kidney was mixed with acetonitrile, sodium chloride was added, and the solution was further mixed and then centrifuged. The supernatant was transferred to a new centrifuge tube with primary and secondary amine, octadecylsilane and ZrO2, and mixed rapidly. The filtered solution was evaporated under a nitrogen stream. The residue was dissolved in 200 μL of acetonitrile, centrifuged with filters and then transferred to vials. Samples were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.

Results
The decision limit for confirmation was calculated at 2.5 μg kg−1 for all sedatives with relative standard deviation repeatability and reproducibility below 20%.

Conclusion
The validation results showed that this method meets the pertinent EU criteria for such methods and is suitable for sedative analysis in urine and kidney matrices.
Cytokine inflammatory response in dairy cows with mastitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae
Authors: Bochniarz Mariola , Hahaj-Siembida Agata , Krajewska-Wędzina Monika , Osińska Marcelina , Tracz Anna , Trościańczyk Aleksandra , Brodzki Piotr , Krakowski Leszek , Kosior-Korzecka Urszula , Nowakiewicz Aneta 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The aim of the study was evaluation of the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, IL-12β and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the serum and milk of cows with mastitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae.

Material and Methods
A total of 60 milk samples from diseased cows and 30 milk samples from healthy cows were included in the study. Blood and milk samples were taken from Holstein-Friesian cows from three herds (two in tie-stall and one in a free-stall housing system) in Lublin Province in Poland. The concentrations of cytokines in blood serum and quarter milk samples were determined by ELISA.

Results
The levels of IL-1β, IL-8, IL-12β and TNF-α were significantly higher in the milk of cows suffering from mastitis caused by S. agalactiae compared to the milk of healthy cows (263.03 vs 55.36 pg/mL, 298.34 vs 131.82 pg/mL, 604.10 vs 139.17 pg/mL and 460.86 vs 78.82 pg/mL, respectively). In the group of sick cows, cytokine levels were significantly higher in milk than in serum (263.03 vs 55.25 pg/mL for IL-1β, 298.34 vs 164.22 pg/mL for IL-8, 604.10 vs 70.34 pg/mL for IL-12β and 460.86 vs 104.78 pg/mL for TNF-α).

Conclusion
The results confirm the involvement of the entire bovine immune system to protect against the bacteria first locally in the udder. The response of the mammary gland to infection caused by S. agalactiae is rapid and already very strong at the beginning of the infection.
Quo Vadis, Biosemiotics?
Authors: Jurková Barbora , Šonská Barbora , Lacková Ľudmila 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This is a review of the recently published collective monograph Approaches to Biosemiotics by Rodríguez and Coca (eds.). The publication can be used as a window into the current trends in the research area of biosemiotics, especially in the connection with the social sciences. We review briefly each of the chapters of the monograph and make some general conclusions about the significance and importance of the book by Rodríguez and Coca.