bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of mecA positive staphylococcal species in a wastewater treatment plant in South Africa
Authors: Oladipo Adegboyega Oyedele , Oladipo Oluwatosin Gbemisola , Bezuidenhout Carlos Cornelius 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe investigated the prevalence of antibiotic resistant staphylococci and detection of resistant, virulence, and Spa genes in a South African wastewater treatment plant. Species identified were Staphylococcus aureus, S. lentus, S. arlettae, S. cohnii, S. haemolyticus, S. nepalensis, S. sciuri (now Mammaliicoccus sciuri), and S. xylosus. Isolates showed high resistance to methicillin (91%), ampicillin (89%), ciprofloxacin (86%), amoxycillin (80%), ceftazidime (74%), and cloxacillin (71%). Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index for the isolates exceeded 0.2 (0.50–0.70). Among the isolates, 77% were mecA-positive. All S. aureus strains were positive for nuc and 7 Spa gene types. The present study highlights possibility of treated wastewaters being potential reservoir for antibiotic-resistant staphylococci. This is a cause for concern as wastewater effluents are decanted into environmental waters and these are, in many cases, used for various purposes including recreation (full contact), religious (full body submersion), and drinking water for some rural communities and water for livestock.
The impact of cardiovascular diagnostics and treatments on fall risk in older adults: a scoping review and evidence map
Authors: Pronk Anouschka C. , Wang Liping , van Poelgeest Eveline P. , Leeflang Mariska M. G. , Daams Joost G. , Hoekstra Alfons G. , van der Velde Nathalie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
We aimed to summarize the published evidence on the fall risk reducing potential of cardiovascular diagnostics and treatments in older adults.

Methods
Design: scoping review and evidence map. Data sources: Medline and Embase. Eligibility criteria: all available published evidence; Key search concepts: “older adults,” “cardiovascular evaluation,” “cardiovascular intervention,” and “falls.” Studies reporting on fall risk reducing effect of the diagnostic/treatment were included in the evidence map. Studies that investigated cardiovascular diagnostics or treatments within the context of falls, but without reporting a fall-related outcome, were included in the scoping review for qualitative synthesis.

Results
Two articles on cardiovascular diagnostics and eight articles on cardiovascular treatments were included in the evidence map. Six out of ten studies concerned pacemaker intervention of which one meta-analyses that included randomized controlled trials with contradictory results. A combined cardiovascular assessment/evaluation (one study) and pharmacotherapy in orthostatic hypotension (one study) showed fall reducing potential. The scoping review contained 40 articles on cardiovascular diagnostics and one on cardiovascular treatments. It provides an extensive overview of several diagnostics (e.g., orthostatic blood pressure measurements, heart rhythm assessment) useful in fall prevention. Also, diagnostics were identified, that could potentially provide added value in fall prevention (e.g., blood pressure variability and head turning).

Conclusion
Although the majority of studies showed a reduction in falls after the intervention, the total amount of evidence regarding the effect of cardiovascular diagnostics/treatments on falls is small. Our findings can be used to optimize fall prevention strategies and develop an evidence-based fall prevention care pathway. Adhering to the World guidelines on fall prevention recommendations, it is crucial to undertake a standardized assessment of cardiovascular risk factors, followed by supplementary testing and corresponding interventions, as effective components of fall prevention strategies. In addition, accompanying diagnostics such as blood pressure variability and head turning can be of added value.
Reflections on Perspectives of Transhumanism, Buddhist Transhumanism, and Buddhist Modernism on the Self
Authors: Borrmann Vera 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA claim made by Buddhist or Buddhism-affine scholars such as Michael LaTorra and James Hughes is that transhumanism, neuroscience, and the teachings of Buddhism are compatible because they aim to alleviate suffering and pain and attain a stable state of happiness. This claim can be challenged. At first glance, the approach seems valid, because since the 1980s there have been dialogues and scientific collaborations with representatives of Tibetan Buddhism and scientists on the topics of neuroscience, consciousness, ethics and technology, and in this context new interpretations of Buddhist thought have emerged such as ‘Buddhist modernism’ (E. Thompson). In this discussion note, however, two main arguments are advanced as to why the claim and terminology of Buddhist transhumanism are difficult to reconcile with Buddhist terminology, values, and methods: (1) the difference between the use of such methods as meditation and contemplation and the application of so-called human enhancement technologies (2) and differences concerning self-understanding in Western science and Buddhism.
Polymorphism of anhydrous iron(II) oxalate
Authors: Heger Vítězslav , Kopp Josef , Procházka Vít , Novák Petr 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecently, iron(II) oxalate has experienced a renewed interest due to their newly found application in lithium-ion batteries. Lithium is expected to be embedded between the oxalate sheets, dramatically increasing the need to understand the oxalate structure. Despite being known for decades, the discrepancies still exist regarding the anhydrous iron(II) oxalate. In this work, we explore the dehydration process of both α-FeC2O4·2H2O and β-FeC2O4·2H2O polymorphs at different heating rates and calcination temperatures by X-ray powder diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. After dehydration, iron(II) oxalates formed two polymorphs with different XRD patterns: α-FeC2O4 with sharp and narrow diffraction lines and β-FeC2O4 with very broadened lines, which were attributed to the monoclinic structure with space group P21/n.
Active and Intelligent Four-Layer Films Based on Chitosan, Gelatin, Furcellaran and Active Ingredients—Preparation, Characterisation and Application on Salmon
Authors: Nowak Nikola , Tkaczewska Joanna , Grzebieniarz Wiktoria , Juszczak Lesław , Mazur Tomasz , Szuwarzyński Michał , Guzik Paulina , Jamróz Ewelina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInnovatively, four-layer, active biopolymer films based on furcellaran, chitosan and gelatin as well as active compounds (curcumin, capsaicin, AgNPs, montmorillonite and gelatin hydrolysate) were obtained. The films showed strong antioxidant effects. Adding active ingredients caused increased enthalpy change value (ΔH) and thermal stability. The potential application of the film was analysed by storing Atlantic salmon fillets in the material. The films showed an active effect. This effect was the strongest during the first 3 days of storage. Compared to the synthetic LDPE film, the active film showed a total 0.81 log/CFU lower microbial count on the 12th day of storage. Lipid oxidation was not delayed in the salmon. Nonetheless, the results indicate high applicative potential of the composites.
Transplantation of MiR-28-5p-Modified BMSCs Promotes Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Li Zhen , Su Haitao , Lin Guandai , Wang Kai , Huang Yongming , Wen Yaqian , Luo Dan , Hou Yu , Cao Xuewei , Weng Jiaxian , Lin Dingkun , Wang Le , Li Xing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTraumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is a prevalent central nervous system condition that imposes a significant burden on both families and society, affecting more than 2 million people worldwide. Recently, there has been increasing interest in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation as a promising treatment for spinal cord injury (SCI) due to their accessibility and low immunogenicity. However, the mere transplantation of BMSCs has limited capacity to directly participate in the repair of host spinal cord nerve function. MiR-28-5p, identified as a key differentially expressed miRNA in spinal cord ischemia–reperfusion injury, exhibits differential expression and regulation in various neurological diseases. Nevertheless, its involvement in this process and its specific regulatory mechanisms in SCI remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms through which miR-28-5p promotes the neuronal differentiation of BMSCs both in vivo and in vitro. Our results indicate that miR-28-5p may directly target Notch1, thereby facilitating the neuronal differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. Furthermore, the transplantation of lentivirus-mediated miR-28-5p-overexpressed BMSCs into SCI rats effectively improved footprint tests and Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scores, ameliorated histological morphology (hematoxylin–eosin [HE] and Nissl staining), promoted axonal regeneration (MAP2 and growth-associated protein 43 [GAP43]), and facilitated axonal remyelination (myelin basic protein [MBP]). These findings may suggest that miR-28-5p-modified BMSCs could serve as a therapeutic target to enhance the behavioral and neurological recovery of SCI rats.
Be Here Now: Dispositional Mindfulness Enhances Fading Affect Bias
Authors: Crawford Matthew T. , Marsh Claire , Clegg Joel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The current study examined the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and fading affect bias, where the affect associated with negative events fades more quickly and fully than affect associated with positive events. Although much of the previous work has focused on conditions that hinder fading affect bias (e.g., depression, anxiety), few studies have examined individual difference variables that could enhance the asymmetric fading of positive and negative affect associated with autobiographical events.

Methods
Participants (n = 241) recalled and described positive and negative life events and rated the initial and current emotional intensity of those events. Events were also rated on importance, memorability, and how often they had been thought about. Participants also completed the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) to assess dispositional mindfulness.

Results
Fading affect bias emerged in the study and the strength of the effect was predicted by dispositional mindfulness. The relationship was driven by the observing and describing subscales of the FFMQ. The data fit a model where increased thinking about positive events, but not negative events, mediated the relationship between the observing subscale and fading affect bias.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that an ability to be centred in the present moment—as measured by dispositional mindfulness—enhances one’s capacity to move on from past events. Specifically, the ability to both observe and describe internal states and the external world enhances the beneficial asymmetric fade of affect associated with negative and positive life events.

Preregistration
This study is not preregistered.
How the right evolved partners in Cycads and Legumes drive enhanced growth in a harsh environment
Authors: Motsomane Nqobile , Suinyuy Terence N. , Pérez-Fernández María A. , Magadlela Anathi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCycads are ancient plants that establish symbiotic associations with plant growth-promoting (PGP) microbes. These ancient associations are rarely contrasted with more recent associations involving PGP microbes and legumes. This study investigated if Vigna unguiculata growing in Encephalartos villosus rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils shares similar symbionts with E. villosus and if there is any sanction by plants towards certain soil bacteria. Also, the biomass accumulation and plant nutrition of V. unguiculata growing in these soils was investigated. Vigna unguiculata seeds were grown in E. villosus rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils. Thereafter, growth characteristics and plant nutrition were analyzed. Vigna unguiculata plants grown in E. villosus rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils were nodulated by Paenibacillus, Bacillus, Peribacillus, Brevibacillus, Alkalihalobacillus, and Lysinibacillus species identified in E. villosus coralloid roots. Bacteria isolated from nodules and coralloid roots were phylogenetically close, regardless of the soil from which these bacteria came. That supports the filter theory by which specific environmental conditions select certain microbial groups to establish symbiotic interactions with plants. No significant differences were observed in the total plant biomass, however, V. unguiculata plants grown in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils invested significantly more resources in belowground biomass that could be related to the extra nitrogen coming from the biological nitrogen fixation that is devoted to roots. This study shows that V. unguiculata and E. villosus growing in similar soil conditions may share the same symbionts promoting plant nutrient assimilation and growth, this opens an idea of a common evolution of the two species and their symbionts.
Infiltration ability in the area of land use change, Bogor, West Java
Authors: Rahma Ayu Dyah , Rosidi Muhammad , Zapariza Rudi , Sulaeman Eman , Ridwan Iwan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe upstream of the Cisadane Watershed is included in the Mount Halimun Salak National Park area as the water catchment area. Water resource conservation is important because of land use change. Rainfall analysis was carried out to determine the rain intensity amount. Then, infiltration observations were also carried out in Ecosystem Restoration (ER) areas. ER is an area in the rehabilitation zone that requires improvement, especially in biophysical improvement. Several ER areas are in Cibunian Village and Purwabakti Village. The analysis determined the infiltration rates in the ER areas. Field surveys carried out data collection on infiltration sample measurements. Sample points were selected using Stratified Random Sampling. The results show the average rainfall in the study area is around 3950 mm/year. The results show the infiltration ability in the ER area is relatively slow. However, there are still results of rapid infiltration at several sample points. Due to limited water absorption capacity, soil characteristics with clay texture influence slow infiltration conditions. Even though the rainfall is high, surface water runoff is quickly formed. The rainfall in the Cisadane watershed should be stored to reserve water supply, especially during the dry season. In detail, water storage can be an infiltration pit, artificial water storage tanks, reservoirs, or ponds. The limited availability of water resources challenges water uses in the Cisadane Watershed. This research is essential as an initial study to find out more about the watershed hydrological system and the water demand level.
SWI/SNF-Deficient Sinonasal Carcinomas: Multidisciplinary Research Perspectives
Authors: Danti Serena , Ricci Claudio , Macchi Teresa , Dallan Iacopo , Berrettini Stefano , Franchi Alessandro 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
An emerging subset of dismal sinonasal cancers are those characterized by the loss of a SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex unit, such as the SWI/SNF-related Matrix-associated Actin-dependent Regulator of Chromatin (SMARC), which includes two main subtypes: SMARCB1- and SMARCA4-deficient sinonasal carcinomas, ultimately leading to four distinct SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal tumors. These cancers are rare entities and low treatment responsive malignancies. In fact, they are poorly differentiated and usually detected at a late stage, when invasion of facial and cranial regions had already occurred.

Recent Findings
From a histological standpoint, SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal carcinomas belong to the group of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinomas (SNUC); however, their distinctive features disclose a special category for these cancers. The identification of biomarkers and signaling pathways has led to the development of emerging therapies, such as immunotherapy and personalized treatments. Finally, we report preliminary findings on 3D in vitro models of sinonasal cancers, as a multidisciplinary tool that could empower the understanding of SWI/SNF-deficient cancer biology.

Summary
Here, we review the current knowledge about histological and molecular features of SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal cancers, with a focus on treatment options and multidisciplinary research perspectives. The possibility of studying SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal tumors in-depth would be fostered by the establishment of tumor cell lines.
Cognitive performance in hospitalized patients with severe or extreme anorexia nervosa
Authors: Hemmingsen Simone Daugaard , Lichtenstein Mia Beck , Sjögren Magnus , Gudex Claire , Larsen Pia Veldt , Støving René Klinkby 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeSevere malnourishment may reduce cognitive performance in anorexia nervosa (AN). We studied cognitive functioning during intensive nutritional and medical stabilization in patients with severe or extreme AN and investigated associations between weight gain and cognitive improvement.MethodsA few days after admission to a specialized hospital unit, 33 patients with severe or extreme AN, aged 16–42 years, completed assessments of memory, cognitive flexibility, processing speed, and attention. Mean hospitalization was 6 weeks. Patients completed the same assessments at discharge (n = 22) following somatic stabilization and follow-up up to 6 months after discharge (n = 18).ResultsThe patients displayed normal cognitive performance at admission compared to normative data. During nutritional stabilization, body weight increased (mean: 11.3%; range 2.6–22.2%) and memory, attention, and processing speed improved (pvalues: ≤ 0.0002). No relationship between weight gain and cognitive improvement was observed at discharge or follow-up.ConclusionsCognitive performance at hospital admission was normal in patients with severe or extreme AN and improved during treatment although without association to weight gain. Based on these results, which are in line with previous studies, patients with severe or extreme AN need not be excluded from cognitively demanding tasks, possibly including psychotherapy. As patients may have other symptoms that interfere with psychotherapy, future research could investigate cognitive functioning in everyday life in patients with severe AN.Trial registration number:The study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02502617).Level of evidenceLevel III, cohort study.
A-pruning: a lightweight pineapple flower counting network based on filter pruning
Authors: Yu Guoyan , Cai Ruilin , Luo Yingtong , Hou Mingxin , Deng Ruoling 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDuring pineapple cultivation, detecting and counting the number of pineapple flowers in real time and estimating the yield are essential. Deep learning methods are more efficient in real-time performance than traditional manual detection. However, existing deep learning models are characterized by low detection speeds and cannot be applied in real time on mobile devices. This paper presents a lightweight model in which filter pruning compresses the YOLOv5 network. An adaptive batch normalization layer evaluation mechanism is introduced to the pruning process to evaluate the performance of the subnetwork. With this approach, the network with the best performance can be found quickly after pruning. Then, an efficient channel attention mechanism is added for the pruned network to constitute a new YOLOv5_E network. Our findings demonstrate that the proposed YOLOv5_E network attains an accuracy of 71.7% with a mere 1.7 M parameters, a model size of 3.8 MB, and an impressive running speed of 178 frames per second. Compared to the original YOLOv5, YOLOv5_E shows a 0.9% marginal decrease in accuracy; while, the number of parameters and the model size are reduced by 75.8% and 73.8%, respectively. Moreover, the running speed of YOLOv5_E is nearly twice that of the original. Among the ten networks evaluated, YOLOv5_E boasts the fastest detection speed and ranks second in detection accuracy. Furthermore, YOLOv5_E can be integrated with StrongSORT for real-time detection and counting on mobile devices. We validated this on the NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX development board, where it achieved an average detection speed of 24 frames per second. The proposed YOLOv5_E network can be effectively used on agricultural equipment such as unmanned aerial vehicles, providing technical support for the detection and counting of crops on mobile devices.
Development and application of hobbing-cone hybrid PDC bit
Authors: Chen Lian , Cao Qiang , Qi Qingliang , Niu Shiwei , Yang Yingxin , Chen Xu , Zhao Zhijie , Wu Bin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn order to solve the problems of low ROP and short service life of the bit drilling in deep and hard formation, a new technology of hobbing-cone hybrid PDC bit which has combined the advantages of conventional PDC bit and the hobbing-cone is proposed in this paper. The bit is developed and applied on basis of the structure design and the contrast experiment between the hobbing-cone bit and the conventional roller-cone hybrid PDC bit. The indoor drilling experiments show that the hobbing-cone hybrid PDC bit can form groove-shaped crushing pits in the bottom-hole. The teeth on the roller have high circumferential coverage on bottom-hole rock and an obvious pre-fracture effect on the rock. The experiment result shows that ROP of the hobbing-cone hybrid PDC bit is 20–30% lower in soft rock but 15–20% higher in hard rock, indicating that the bit is more suitable for hard rock drilling. Moreover, in the field application, average ROP of the hobbing-cone hybrid PDC bit is 126.1% higher and the footage is 89.6% longer than the comparisons, while wear status of the bit after drilling is quite good. Field application results show that the hobbing-cone hybrid PDC bit has good drilling effect in directional and hard formations, which can be well adapted to the drilling of applied wells (blocks) and directional sections with good steering performance, making it an optimization to improve the working performance in complex and hard-to-drill formations.
Discussion: “An Upper Palaeolithic Proto-writing System and Phenological Calendar” by Bennett Bacon et al. (2023)
Authors: García-Bustos Miguel , Rivero Olivia , Sauvet Georges , Bustos Paula García 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA recent work by Bacon et al. (2023) proposes to interpret a large part of Palaeolithic art as an ethological calendar. They argue that by studying the association of certain signs (dots, lines, and Y-shapes) with an animal, it is possible to infer vital episodes such as reproduction, birth, and migration of the represented species. However, in the present article, we discuss some methodological errors made by the authors. For instance, they use a tracing to demonstrate the association between a mammoth and a series of lines at El Pindal, although this tracing is not faithful to the actual arrangement of the pictorial motifs in the cave. In Pair-non-Pair, Sotarriza, and Atxurra caves, the signs considered do not really exist. And in other cases, such as Altxerri, Covaciella, or Tito Bustillo, the signs have been misinterpreted. Important problems such as the lack of definition of “association” and various apriorisms and presentisms adopted by the authors are also exposed and discussed. In conclusion, this proposal lacks methodological support and it is not possible to conclude that an ethological calendar was present in Palaeolithic art.