bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clueless in the Neo-Colonial World Order
Authors: Wald Gayle 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Seldom has a contemporary U.S. “teen flick” risen to the levels of both critical and commercial popularity attained by Amy Heckering’s 1995 film Clueless, an Americanized and updated version of Jane Austen’s novel Emma.1 One of four Austen film adaptations released in U.S. cinemas in the space of two years (the others were Sense and Sensibility, Persuasion and a much-hyped version of Emma featuring Gwyneth Paltrow), Clueless not only attracted generally high critical regard in the mainstream and independent film press, but in its video version the film became a fast best-seller, particularly among the young female teenagers who were its primary target audience. Indeed, in a year that also witnessed the release of Larry Clark’s frankly dystopian Kids, a movie with which it was frequently contrasted in reviews, the fate of Clueless seemed almost as charmed as that of its protagonist, the ever fortunate Cher Horowitz. Modelled on Austen’s heroine Emma Woodhouse, Cher lives a life that appears as orderly and abundantly provided for as her over-stocked clothes closet, as seen in the film’s opening sequence. It is a life untouched by the social and familial conflict, drugged-out confusion or sexual turmoil that characterize other cinematic depictions of adolescence, including Heckerling’s own classic Fast Times at Ridgemont High (1982).
Sterne and the Narrative of Determinateness
Authors: New Melvyn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I will begin with a seemingly noncontroversial observation by a recent critic of Tristram Shandy, anonymous simply because it is the sort of comment any one of a hundred might write today: “Sterne’s point,” he asserts, “is clear enough: life is a confused muddle of intent and accident.” It is the sort of generalization many have accepted at least since E. M. Forster in 1927 declared “muddle” to be the God ruling over the work. However, a closer examination of this particular formulation, not a jot different from that of countless others, might suggest an interesting problem.
Tristram Shandy and the Appositeness of War
Authors: Descargues Madeleine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The motto to this article is the opening sentence of Uncle Toby’s three-page-long “apologetical oration,” a problematic passage set in the sixth volume of Tristram Shandy. The sources of the uneasiness are several. There is of course the moral and political judgment one may pass on Toby-as-character’s “private views” despite his attempt at vindicating himself from them. Then there is the philosophical and ethical problem posed by the oration, i.e., the ambivalence of Toby’s figure as Everyman, a compound of Christian “goodness” and “excellency,” celebrated by his nephew Tristram (TS, 3.34.265), when taken with his more sanguinary appetites. Also the composition of the oration, a criss-cross of intertextual references, makes it a puzzle set for the reader. Only the working out of this may eventually suggest an interpretation of this apology for war as such and within the narrative structure of Tristram Shandy.
Keeping It All in Balance: Teaching Asian Religions through Illness and Healing
Authors: Vargas-O’Bryan Ivette 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Initially, my fascination with teaching a course on illness and healing in Asian religions grew out of my experience of working with undergraduate students in religious studies and the sciences at Harvard University who wanted to learn about the cultural beliefs and customs of Asia in unconventional ways, crossing disciplinary boundaries and creating a net of interconnections between various fields like religious studies, medicine, anthropology, and sociology. Intersecting with my own doctoral work at the time on illness and renunciation in Tibetan Buddhist biographies, I was thrown into a search for what I saw as an exciting field of inquiry—illness, healing, and religion. I found that these themes appear throughout a number of traditions within Asia, have an overarching human element that crosses cultural boundaries, and have historical and current-day prominence. Thereafter, teaching several courses on the topic as junior tutorials at the same university and as undergraduate courses at two liberal arts colleges helped me consider large pedagogical questions: How do I teach an engaging yet informative introductory course on Asian religions year after year? How do the lenses of illness and healing help students understand Asian religious traditions? How do I engage responsibly in comparative and interdisciplinary studies? This essay discusses how the journey of teaching a course on illness and healing in selected religious traditions of India, Tibet, and China from a large urban setting to smaller isolated liberal arts colleges led to several revelations.
Shamanism as a Point of Departure: Two Courses on Christianity and Healing
Authors: Porterfield Amanda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
My two courses on religious healing begin with discussions of shamanism, presented as a type of ritual practice. In the subsequent sections of both courses, we explore historical changes in beliefs and practices associated with Christian healing. We focus on Christianity because my particular research interests prepare me to direct discussion of the role of healing in the historical development of that tradition more effectively than in the history of other religions. But other religious traditions would work just as well in this section of the course devoted to historical study, and instructors with other areas of expertise might revise this section of the course accordingly.
Teaching about Shamanism and Religious Healing: A Cross-Cultural, Biosocial-Spiritual Approach
Authors: Winkelman Michael , Carr Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This course addresses the healing and spiritual practices of shamans in the broader context of their roles as diviners, psychopomps, charismatic leaders, public ceremonial specialists, war leaders, intergroup mediators, and material and spiritual ecologists. As two anthropologists, our approach borrows from the classic perspectives of Eliade (1964) on shamanism, as well as Harner’s (1990) concept of “core” shamanism. We distinguish (core) shamans from a universal manifestation of shamanistic healers—practitioners who use altered states of consciousness (ASC) to interact with the spirit world in order to heal and divine on behalf of their communities (Winkelman 1986a, 1990, 1992; see also Carr and Case 2005). Two basic approaches guide our pedagogy: one is cross-cultural and comparative; the other is interdisciplinary, specifically biopsychosocial. The crosscultural, comparative approach involves examining shamanism in multiple traditional cultures and relative to other magicoreligious healing practices. Similarities and differences among various shamanistic traditions are identified, and the social conditions that are associated with them and that shape their particular forms are elucidated. The interdisciplinary, biopsychosocial approach attempts to understand universal aspects of shamanism from perspectives provided by biological, psychological, clinical, and spiritual models, and their relationships to social, cognitive, and ecological processes. This view helps to illustrate shamanistic healing as a part of the human heritage.
Religious Healing as Pedagogical Performance
Authors: Mitchem Stephanie Y 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Teaching an undergraduate course in the anthropology of religion provided an initial context in which I included religious healing content. I had expected that the topic would serve as a theme demonstrating the dynamics of anthropology of religion. Instead, healing rapidly came to hold the center of students’ attention. I also tried to incorporate some foci on religious anthropology—that is, how different religions have operative anthropologies—because American politics were focused on the possibility of war with Iraq. Again, healing proved to be the window into these differences. My assumptions in structuring the course were, as usual, complicated by encounters with students and university climate. Both I, as the instructor, and my students became caught up in pedagogical performances that encompassed nation, race, gender, and class. This essay discusses some of the dynamics of teaching religious healing in one anthropology of religion course. Within the context of the classroom and university setting and my initial assumptions, I began by constructing a course that seemed to only use religious healing as an example. However, as this essay explains, discussions of religious healing became increasingly central to the students’ experiences of the course and raised more attendant issues than I expected.
Magic, Witchcraft, and Healing
Authors: Payne-Jackson Arvilla 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I teach the course Magic, Witchcraft, and Healing to both undergraduate and graduate students at Howard University, a historically black university that has a large, international student body. Class discussions revolve around multiple worldviews, bringing to light the many ways in which the supernatural effects the way we live, as well as the similarities and differences across cultures. Students from different cultures, religious backgrounds, and persuasions disclose their beliefs and practices. Most of them begin the course with a general conception of religion as a structured/organized institution or system of faith, in which a Supreme Being or deities merit obedience, reverence, and worship; of magic as illusion and deception performed by a magician on stage; of witchcraft as the practice of people who cast evil spells and participate in strange rituals; and of healing only as curing a disease or restoring health. Students usually see each of these as a separate entity.
The Worldviews Seminar: An Intensive Survey of American Urban Religious Diversity
Authors: Mosher Lucinda A , Jacobs Claude 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
After the attacks of September 11, 2001, a statement commonly heard from New York City’s caregivers was, “We are working to heal this city, one person at a time.” Clearly, improved interreligious understanding would be an important component of this healing; furthermore, the need to heal breaches of interreligious understanding certainly was not peculiar to New York City: it was an imperative for the nation as a whole. The Worldviews Seminar was inaugurated in the aftermath of the events of 9/11/01 to be a mechanism for healing and a vehicle for teaching about how healing is understood and effected by America’s many religions. Our own objective was to equip “healers” (health care professionals, religious leaders, educators) with the cultural awareness and sensitivity needed to go about their work.
Teaching Religion and Healing: Spirituality and Aging in the San Francisco Japanese Community
Authors: Nakasone Ronald Y 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In an attempt to reconcile their traditional culture with their modern American experience, the Japanese American community of San Francisco initiated a unique experiment in community-based education for eldercare in planning for the newly built Kokoro Assisted Living Facility. Envisioning a seamless blend of modern medicine with culturally and spiritually competent care for Japanese American elders in a multicultural and multifaith setting, the Japanese America Religious Federation of San Francisco (JARF)1 commissioned the design and implementation of “Spirituality and Aging in the Japanese Experience.”
The Newtonian Moment
Authors: Feingold Mordechai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Isaac Newton is a legendary figure whose mythical dimension threatens to overshadow the actual man. The story of the apple falling from the tree may or may not be true, but Isaac Newton's revolutionary discoveries and their importance to the Enlightenment era and beyond are undeniable. The Newtonian Moment, a companion volume to a forthcoming exhibition by the New York Public Library, investigates the effect that Newton's theories and discoveries had, not only on the growth of science, but also on the very shape of modern culture and thought. Newton's scientific work at Cambridge was groundbreaking. From his optical experiments with prisms during the 1660s to the publication of both Principia (1687) and Opticks (1704), Newton's achievements were widely disseminated, inciting tremendous interest and excitement. Newtonianism developed into a worldview marked by many tensions: between modernity and the old guard, between the humanities and science, and the public battles between great minds. The Newtonian Moment illuminates the many facets of his colossal accomplishments, as well as the debates over the kind of knowledge that his accomplishments engendered. The book contributes to a greater understanding of the world today by offering a panoramic view of the profound impact of Newtonianism on the science, literature, art, and religion of the Enlightenment. Copiously illustrated with items drawn from the collections of the New York Public Library as well as numerous other libraries and museums, The Newtonian Moment enlightens its audience with a guided and in-depth look at the man, his world, and his enduring legacy.
The Iron Core
Authors: Jones Alex S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Imagine a sphere of pitted iron, grey and imperfect like a large cannonball. Think of this dense, heavy ball as the total mass of each day’s serious reported news, the iron core of information that is at the center of a functioning democracy. This iron core is big and unwieldy, reflecting each day’s combined output of all the professional journalism done by news organizations— newspapers, radio and television news, news services such as the Associated Press and Reuters, and a few magazines. Some of its content is now created by new media, nonprofits, and even, occasionally, the supermarket tabloids, but the overwhelming majority still comes from the traditional news media. This iron core does not include Paris Hilton’s latest escapade or an account of the Yankees game or the U.S. Open. It has no comics or crossword puzzle. No ads.
Media and Democracy
Authors: Jones Alex S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The pivotal decision in establishing the modern relationship between the press and the American government was made around 2 a.m. in a London hotel room in June 1971. The person making that decision—Arthur Ochs “Punch” Sulzberger, publisher of the New York Times—was excruciatingly uncomfortable to be faced with the dilemma his editors in New York had roused him to resolve. But the decision he made set a new standard of defiantly independent judgment that most Americans seem to value in press coverage, though not necessarily when their favored ox is being gored.
As Eugene Patterson proclaimed in his speech to the nation’s newspaper editors in 1978, the most important modern development in the media’s role in our democracy was the transformation from an “obedient press” to an “adversarial press.” That change took place gradually, but if there was a defining moment of the new aggressive press, it was the New York Times’s decision to publish what came to be known as the Pentagon Papers—and then to continue to publish in defiance of the president.
Media Ethics—The Painful Balance
Authors: Jones Alex S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the spring of 2003, the most spectacular ethical scandal in the modern history of the New York Times virtually paralyzed American journalism. If any news organization is looked to as the standard, it is the Times, and for those of us who love the paper—as I do—this was a horrible failure in several respects. Jayson Blair, a 27-year-old reporter on the make, had managed to find a crease in the paper’s editorial oversight and hidden out in it like a lizard in a crack. In four years at the Times, he had repeatedly had to publish corrections, which should have been a red flag. Sloppiness was only one of his professional crimes. In April, he got caught plagiarizing an article from the San Antonio Express-News, which finally triggered a thorough review of his work.
The New News Media
Authors: Jones Alex S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The headline on the cover of the American Journalism Review said it all: “Adapt or Die.” In a frenzy of change, every sector of the traditional news media has been trying to solve the riddle of how to remain solvent and relevant. There have been many “new media” moments for news, when some new technology came along and overturned what had been the accepted way of doing things. Radio allowed President Franklin Roosevelt to speak with Americans in a totally new way. His famous “fireside chats” were revolutionary because he was able to speak in a personal, even intimate, way to a nation that had always before heard its presidents orating with dramatic flourishes. Similarly, in the early days of television, news was delivered with almost funereal seriousness. When Chet Huntley and David Brinkley adopted a more personal style for their newscast, it was an instant hit and changed TV anchormen into welcome friends with whom people forged personal relationships.
Problem and Oprtunity
Authors: Bayley David H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
What would you do if you were sent by the U.S. government to make the police more effective and democratic in a non–English-speaking, third-world country that had just emerged from a bitter and protracted civil war and was experiencing a sharp rise in criminal violence under the new regime? During the civil war an estimated 75,000 people were killed out of a population of approximately 5.9 million. The war ended with a negotiated settlement in which reform of the police figured prominently. Few details were agreed upon, however, apart from a formula for staffing the new police with officers representative of both warring factions.
U.S. Programs and Policy
Authors: Bayley David H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
How big an enterprise is foreign assistance by the U.S. government to police abroad? What agencies do it? And what forms does it take? The fact is we don’t know. At the present time, there are no authoritative estimates of the amount of police assistance, no roster of assistance programs, and no listing of the departments and agencies, or units within them, authorized to engage in such work (Neild 2001, 2004).
Managing Assistance
Authors: Bayley David H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In providing assistance to facilitate the development of democratic policing abroad, there must be both strategic vision and tactical skill. The preceding two chapters discussed the former, specifying the substantive programs that will make the greatest contribution to the creation of democratic police. In this chapter, I will examine the tactics of managing reform assistance. I will specify how the providers of foreign assistance should manage assistance so that its strategic democratic elements are more likely to be accepted and incorporated into local police practice.
Shifting Scholarly Perspectives
Authors: Bradshaw Paul F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It seems strange that, while conscious reflection on the methodologies appropriate to the discipline has constituted a significant element in scholarly research in such areas as biblical studies and ecclesiastical history in the course of recent decades, the same has not really been true in the field of liturgical history. There has been very little critical discussion of the particular methods which are applicable to this subject and few serious attempts to formulate principles for the interpretation of primary sources which ought to guide ongoing research.This chapter, then, attempts to do something towards filling that gap with regard to the early centuries of Christian worship.
The Background of Early Christian Worship
Authors: Bradshaw Paul F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Apparently driven by a conviction as to the unique character of the Christian religion over against its pagan rivals, older studies of the early Church and its worship generally paid scant attention to the practices of contemporary pagan cults, except to draw attention to the differences which separated them from Christianity. Any influence that these other religions might have had on Christian liturgy was usually reckoned as belonging only to the period from the fourth century onwards, when they were seen as having had a corrupting effect upon the purity of the original practices.Jonathan Z. Smith has alleged that this point of view, particularly prominent among Protestant scholars, was shaped by their desire to equate Roman Catholic and pagan influences on ‘pure’ Christianity.
Worship in the New Testament
Authors: Bradshaw Paul F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The number of studies in the last 50 years relating to various aspects of worship in the New Testament has been so great that a comprehensive and detailed account is quite impossible within the limits of this chapter. We shall content ourselves, therefore, with indicating a number of major trends or tendencies that can be observed within this literature, and noting some methodological criticisms which may be raised in connection with them. Some of these trends belong chiefly to older generations of scholarship, while others persist down to the present.
Other Major Liturgical Sources
Authors: Bradshaw Paul F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter contains a brief introduction to some of the other major documentary resources which need to be used in any attempt at the reconstruction of liturgical practices in the early Church. It is arranged according to geographical provenance and includes both material dating from the second, third, and fourth centuries and also eucharistic prayers and other liturgical texts which in their extant form are of a somewhat later date but which may be able to cast some light on earlier practices. It can make no claim to be a comprehensive listing, for our knowledge comes from a wide variety of texts, many of which supply only one or two incidental details concerning some individual custom. Nonetheless, it does aim to provide background information to the more widely used sources, and especially those which pose critical problems or other difficulties of interpretation.
The Evolution of Eucharistic Rites
Authors: Bradshaw Paul F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As we saw in Chapter 1, at least up to the middle of the twentieth century the majority of liturgical scholars believed that all extant ancient eucharistic rites were ultimately derived from a single apostolic archetype. But as more and more evidence for early practices emerged, they were forced to qualify their theories to some extent. Thus Louis Duchesne (1843–1922), in what became a standard work for first half of the twentieth century, Origines du culte chrétien, maintained that, while there must have been variation in the details of early eucharistic rites and that the celebrant would have had some freedom in improvising the prayers, yet ‘at the beginning the procedure was almost identical everywhere’. Even so, he had to admit that it was not long before ‘local diversities had crept into the ritual.