bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SURVEILLANCE BY MAGNIFYING ENDOSCOPY IN PATIENTS WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Authors: Sada Miwa , Igarashi Masahiro , Yoshizawa Shigeru , Kobayashi Kiyonori , Katsumata Tomoe , Saigenji Katsunori , Otani Yoshimasa , Okayasu Isao 
Published: September 2005

Background:  Patients with total or left‐sided ulcerative colitis (UC) for more than 10 years have an increased risk of colon cancer. We studied usefulness of magnifying chromoendoscopy for the surveillance of dysplasia and colitic cancer associated with UC.Methods:  From April 2003 through February 2004, 39 patients who had total or left‐sided UC for at least 7 years were prospectively enrolled in an endoscopic surveillance program, including target biopsy. All patients were examined by chromoendoscopy and magnifying endoscopy. Sites showing abnormal mucosal surface patterns or pit patterns suggestive of dysplasia underwent biopsy.Results:  Of the 39 patients, 26 had total UC and 13 left‐sided UC. The mean time elapsed since the onset of UC was 16.2 ± 5.9 years. Disease activity at examination was remission in 22 patients, mild in 15, and moderate in two. Dysplasia was diagnosed in two patients (three lesions), dysplastic changes were suspected in two (two lesions), and sporadic adenoma was diagnosed in four (five lesions). On endoscopic examination, dysplasia appeared as flat elevated lesions with types IIIl and IV pit patterns. Resected specimens showed low‐to‐high‐grade dysplasia. The four patients presenting with a type III to IV mucosal pit pattern during remission were evaluated as sporadic adenoma on pathological findings.Conclusions:  A combination of chromoendoscopy and magnifying endoscopy is useful for the detection of dysplasia and colitic cancer in patients with UC.
JUXTAPAPILLARY DIVERTICULA AND ENDOSCOPIC TREATMENT OF BILE DUCT STONES
Authors: Horaguchi Jun , Fujita Naotaka , Noda Yutaka , Kobayashi Go , Kimura Katsumi , Ito Kei , Takasawa Osamu 
Published: September 2005

Aim:  To assess the influence of juxtapapillary diverticula on endoscopic treatment of bile duct stones.Methods:  Two hundred and fifty‐eight consecutive patients with bile duct stones who had undergone endoscopic treatment at our department were included in this study. Comparison was done between a group that had a juxtapapillary diverticulum (Group D) and a group that did not (Group N).Results:  Deep cannulation was achieved in 98% and 100% of Group D and Group N, respectively. The time required for cannulation was 18 min in both groups. Deep cannulation of the bile duct tended to be difficult in cases with the papilla located at the edge of or in the diverticulum in Group D. Complete removal of stones was achieved in 97.7% and 96.9% of the respective groups. The number of sessions and the total time required for removal of stones in Group D and Group N were 1.6 and 47 min, and 1.5 and 47 min, respectively (n.s.). The occurrence rate of complications was not statistically different (12.4%vs 10.1%); however, it was higher (50%) in those who had a papilla inside the diverticulum.Conclusions:  Although the presence of juxtapapillary diverticula has only a subtle influence on endoscopic treatment of bile duct stones, caution is necessary when treating patients with a papilla in a diverticulum because of the high incidence of complications in such patients.
ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY FINDINGS AND CLINICAL BACKGROUNDS IN CASES WITH EARLY RECURRENCE OF ESOPHAGEAL VARICES AFTER ENDOSCOPIC INJECTION SCLEROTHERAPY
Authors: Ishii Shunya , Kakemura Tadayoshi , Fujinuma Sumio , Sakai Yoshihiro 
Published: September 2005

Aims:  To investigate the factors affecting early recurrence of esophageal varices after endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS).Subjects and Methods:  Forty‐four cases with esophageal varices were examined by esophagogastroscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) 2 months after EIS. Cases with and without red color (RC) signs evaluated within 1 year after EIS were classified as Early Recurrent Group (ERG) and Non‐Early Recurrent Group (N‐ERG), respectively, and compared with EUS images and clinical backgrounds.Results:  Compared with ERG (17 cases), N‐ERG (27 cases) had significantly higher detection rates of cardiac intramural veins (CV) and esophageal intramural veins (EV), larger maximum diameters of CV and EV, and higher numbers of CV (P < 0.05). The detection rates of gastric perforating veins (GPV)—but not esophageal perforating veins (EPV), paragastric veins (PGV), or paraesophageal veins (PEV)—correlated with recurrence of varices (P < 0.05). ERG differed in age, gender, γ‐glutamyltranspeptidase (GTP), and detection rates of portosystemic (PS) shunts from N‐ERG (P < 0.05). Age, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ‐GTP level, detection rates of PS shunt, maximum diameters of CV and EV, numbers of CV, and GPV‐positive case differed (P < 0.10) by univariate analysis, and maximum diameters (hazard ratio (HR)), 7.16: 95% CI [1.45–35.33]; P = 0.016) and numbers (HR, 1.96: 95% CI, [1.02–3.75]; P = 0.043) of CV differed significantly between the two groups by multivariate analysis.Conclusions:  EUS is useful in predicting recurrence of esophageal varices after EIS, and the degree of the development of CV is the most important critical factor for early recurrences.
Transobturator tape for stress incontinence: The North Queensland experience
Authors: NAIDU Aruku , LIM Yik Nyok , BARRY Christopher , GOODWIN Samuel , CORSTIAANS Audrey , RANE Ajay 
Published: September 2005

AbstractA prospective observational study of 96 patients undergoing insertion of the MONARC transobturator tape (American Medical Systems, Minnetonka, USA) for treatment of urodynamic stress incontinence was conducted to investigate its’ the safety and efficacy. Although there were no major intraoperative complications, sling protrusion was observed in 11/91 patients (12.1%) at early follow up visits. At these visits, 80 women (87.9%) were either completely or substantially continent and 74 women (81.3%) were satisfied with the operation. Objectively, 74 women (81.3%) were cured on urodynamic assessment and only one woman (1.1%) was found to have voiding dysfunction. As a conclusion, it would appear that this new technique is effective for the treatment of stress incontinence; but further studies are needed to investigate its long‐term results and complications.
An anonymous survey of provincial, rural and remote obstetricians’ long‐term practice intentions; Implications for the provision of specialist obstetric services outside metropolitan areas in Australia
Authors: ROBSON Stephen , BLAND Peter , BUNTING Michael 
Published: September 2005

AbstractBackground:  Objective data and anecdotal reports suggest that non‐metropolitan Australia may face a severe shortage of specialist obstetricians in the near future.Aims:  To assess the workload and practice intentions of specialist obstetricians working in provincial, rural and remote areas of Australia.Methods:  1. A structured questionnaire posted to Fellows of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RANZCOG) who undertake part or all of their work in provincial, rural or remote areas of Australia. 2. A telephone survey of all non‐metropolitan hospitals in Australia.Main outcome measures:  Demographic data (e.g. age, sex); length of time working in the area; practice characteristics; professional supports; workload; intentions for future practice; factors that might improve practice satisfaction.Results:  Approximately 30% of Australia's births occur in non‐metropolitan hospitals, of which 57% do not currently have specialist obstetric cover. Survey response rate of 73%. The rural workforce is older than the metropolitan demographic, and almost half of respondents intended to cease obstetric practice within 5 years.Conclusions:  These data may presage a major public health crisis for rural Australia.
Uptake of HIV screening in an antenatal clinic
Authors: GROVER Sonia , PETTERSON Claire 
Published: September 2005

AbstractObjective:  To assess the uptake of HIV screening in pregnant women attending a tertiary hospital antenatal clinic.Methods:  An audit was undertaken in an antenatal clinic where HIV screening was routinely offered to all women following counselling. For the women offered HIV testing, note was taken whether the woman agreed to testing or refused, and if so, the reason for refusal.Results:  Sixty eight percent of women who were offered testing opted to have the test performed. Thirty two percent of women decided against testing, with half of these reporting a recent (negative) HIV test result.Conclusions:  Over 80% of pregnant women were willing to have HIV testing.Implications:  With the introduction of recommendations that all pregnant women be given the opportunity for HIV screening, a high participation rate can be expected from women who are offered testing, with the potential for minimisation of vertical transmission by identification of HIV positive women.
Tissue Fixation System posterior sling for repair of uterine/vault prolapse – A preliminary report
Authors: PETROS Peter E. P. , RICHARDSON Peter A. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractAims:  To assess the posterior Tissue Fixation System (TFS) sling for repair of uterine/vault prolapse.Patients and methods:  The TFS comprises of two small polypropylene soft tissue anchors connected to an adjustable polypropylene tape. The posterior TFS sling works much like a McCall procedure. The anchors are inserted just lateral to the uterosacral ligaments. Tightening the sling elevates the prolapsed uterus/vaginal vault. The study group comprised 67 patients who were assessed with a 24‐h urinary diary, structured questionnaire, transperineal ultrasound, urodynamics, cough stress test, and 24‐h pad test, pre and postoperatively.Results:  Sixty‐seven patients, mean age 65 years (35–87), mean weight 71 kg (38–117 kg), mean 1.6 previous pelvic operations, underwent posterior sling (level 1) repair for uterine/vault prolapse (fourth degree: n = 2; third degree: n = 17; second degree: n = 20; symptomatic first degree: n = 28). Level 2 (n = 18) and level 3 repairs (n = 18) were also performed as required. One patient was lost to the study. At mean 9 months’ review (3–15 months), the prolapse repair had been successful in all but one patient. There were however, 14 de novo herniations postoperatively (20%), cystocoele 12, enterocoele 1, rectocoele 1. Operating time for the sling only was 5–10 min, and mean hospital stay was 1.5 days. Minimal analgesia was required.Conclusions:  The preliminary results indicate that the TFS posterior sling appears to work well in patients with uterine/vault prolapse. Longer term follow up and studies by other surgeons are required to fully evaluate this procedure.
Maternal and neonatal morbidity after first vaginal delivery using Thierry's spatulas
Authors: MAZOUNI Chafika , BRETELLE Florence , COLLETTE Emmanuelle , HECKENROTH Hélène , BONNIER Pascal , GAMERRE Marc 
Published: September 2005

AbstractObjective:  To analyse maternal and neonatal morbidity associated with instrumental delivery using Thierry's spatulas.Methods:  Between January 2001 and December 2003, 570 nulliparous women with term, singleton, cephalic pregnancies gave birth by either instrumental (n = 279) or spontaneous vaginal delivery (n = 291) and were studied in a retrospective case‐control study. Maternal and neonatal morbidity were compared in the instrumental vs. spontaneous delivery groups.Results:  Women who underwent instrumental delivery using Thierry's spatula were more likely to have severe perineal tears (ORa 7.5, 95% CI 1.5, 32.3), urinary retention (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.3, 5.6), postpartum blood loss (ORa 3.4, 2.4, 4.9) and extended hospital stay (OR 3.21, 95% CI 2.3, 4.6) than women having a spontaneous vaginal birth. Regarding the infant, one case of subgaleal haematoma was noted. No significant difference was noted in neonatal period.Conclusion:  This data support the safety of Thierry's spatula on infant outcome. Maternal morbidity observed with Thierry spatulas was similar to that reported in the literature for other modes of instrumental delivery but the risk for perineal morbidity was higher than for spontaneous delivery. Neonatal morbidity appeared to be limited.
Oronasopharyngeal suction versus no suction in normal, term and vaginally born infants: A prospective randomised controlled trial
Authors: GUNGOR Sadettin , TEKSOZ Ertan , CEYHAN Temel , KURT Ercan , GOKTOLGA Umit , BASER İskender 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThis prospective randomised controlled trial aimed to compare the effects of oronasopharyngeal suction with those of no suction in normal, term and vaginally born infants and was performed at a Turkish tertiary hospital from June 2003 to January 2004. A total of 140 newborns were enrolled in the trial (n = 70 per group). The no suction group showed lower mean heart rates through the 3rd and 6th minutes and higher SaO2 values through the first 6 mins of life (P < 0.001). The maximum time to reach SaO2 of ≥ 92% (6 vs. 11 min) and ≥ 86% (5 vs. 8 min) were shorter in the no suction group (P < 0.001).
Prevalence of rectocele in young nulliparous women
Authors: DIETZ Hans P. , CLARKE Barton 
Published: September 2005

AbstractBackground:  It is generally assumed that fascial defects in the rectovaginal septum are the result of childbirth. However, rectoceles do occur in women who have never delivered vaginally.Aims:  To determine the incidence of rectocele in a cohort of asymptomatic, young nulliparous women.Methods:  Observational cohort study on 178 nulliparous caucasian women (aged 18–24) recruited for a twin study of pelvic floor dysfunction. All women were interviewed and examined by translabial ultrasound, supine and after voiding. In 52 women, 3D imaging was obtained and 171 datasets were complete and available for analysis. Ultrasound findings were reviewed for rectovaginal septal integrity by an assessor blinded against interview and demographic data for rectovaginal septal integrity.Results:  A discontinuity of the anterior rectal wall with extrusion of rectal mucosa or contents (depth of ≥ 10 mm) was observed in 21/171 (12%). The depth of this herniation ranged from 10 to 25 mm and was filled with stool (n = 10) or rectal mucosa (n = 11). Defects were associated with a higher BMI (P = 0.049), with the complaint of constipation (P = 0.049) and non‐significantly with straining at stool (P = 0.09). Descent of the ampulla to beyond the level of the symphysis pubis without fascial defect, that is, significant perineal relaxation, was observed in 23/171 (13%).Conclusions:  Twelve percent of 171 young nulligravid caucasian women showed a defect of the rectovaginal septum. Associations were observed with higher body mass index and a history of constipation. It is hypothesised that in some women defects of the rectovaginal septum and perineal hypermobility may be congenital in nature.
A preliminary survey of Atopobium vaginae in women attending the Dunedin gynaecology out‐patients clinic: Is the contribution of the hard‐to‐culture microbiota overlooked in gynaecological disorders?
Authors: BURTON Jeremy P. , CHILCOTT Chris N. , AL‐QUMBER Mohammed , BROOKS Heather J. L. , WILSON Don , TAGG John R. , DEVENISH Celia 
Published: September 2005

AbstractPreliminary studies have indicated that the recently described bacterium Atopobium vaginae may have an association with bacterial vaginosis (BV). Fifty‐five women attending the gynaecology out‐patient's clinic were tested for the presence of this micro‐organism, Gardnerella vaginalis, Mobiluncus and Bacteroides species by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based assays. The frequency of detection was 40%. PCR detection of Gardnerella vaginalis with A. vaginae, occurred in 50% of A. vaginae‐positive cases. Due to the high detection rate of A. vaginae we believe that it is important to determine whether this and other hard‐to‐culture microorganisms have a role in gynaecological disorders.
Foetal response to music and voice
Authors: AL‐QAHTANI Noura H. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractObjective:  To examine whether prenatal exposure to music and voice alters foetal behaviour and whether foetal response to music differs from human voice.Subjects and methods:  A prospective observational study was conducted in 20 normal term pregnant mothers. Ten foetuses were exposed to music and voice for 15 s at different sound pressure levels to find out the optimal setting for the auditory stimulation. Music, voice and sham were played to another 10 foetuses via a headphone on the maternal abdomen. The sound pressure level was 105 db and 94 db for music and voice, respectively. Computerised assessment of foetal heart rate and activity were recorded. 90 actocardiograms were obtained for the whole group. One way anova followed by posthoc (Student‐Newman‐Keuls method) analysis was used to find if there is significant difference in foetal response to music and voice versus sham.Results:  Foetuses responded with heart rate acceleration and motor response to both music and voice. This was statistically significant compared to sham. There was no significant difference between the foetal heart rate acceleration to music and voice.Conclusion:  Prenatal exposure to music and voice alters the foetal behaviour. No difference was detected in foetal response to music and voice.
Abdominal sacral colpopexy: an independent prospective long‐term follow‐up study
Authors: HIGGS Peta , GOH Judith , KRAUSE Hannah , SLOANE Kate , CAREY Marcus 
Published: September 2005

AbstractAims:  The aim of the study was to provide a long‐term follow up of subjective and objective outcomes following sacral colpopexy.Methods:  A cohort of 148 women who had undergone sacral colpopexy in a tertiary unit between 1998 and 2001 were contacted for follow‐up. Women were questioned about current symptoms including patient determined subjective measures and the Baden‐Walker site specific examination for vaginal prolapse was performed.Results:  Ninety‐three women were able to be contacted for review. Of these, 64 were available for clinical examination and a further 29 were available for telephone interview. Of those women examined 62 had good vault support. Therefore, recurrent vault prolapse was uncommon at 3%. Recurrent prolapse was present in other vaginal compartments in 40.6% of women. Subjectively 78% of women felt that their prolapse symptoms had resolved and 65% had a visual analogue score (VAS) ≥ 80, indicating satisfaction with the surgery. Stress urinary incontinence symptoms decreased at this long‐term review, however, 24% of women required further incontinence surgery.Conclusions:  Abdominal sacral colpopexy is an effective technique for the management of vaginal vault prolapse, with a two‐year successful outcome in excess of 90%. Further study is required to investigate recurrent prolapse in other vaginal compartments and the functional aspects following surgery.
Prediction of laparoscopic surgery outcomes in tubal infertility
Authors: KUDAIBERDIEVA Anara , KANGELDIEVA Aygul 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThis study aimed to elucidate the predictive value of hysterosalpingography (HSG) and laparoscopy (LS) scores for spontaneous pregnancy after laparoscopic surgery in 50 patients with tubal infertility. During a 1‐year follow‐up period, 28% of these patients became pregnant. Both scores were informative in prediction of pregnancy with the area under the ROC curve being 0.80 (95% CI 0.67–0.93) and 0.74 (95% CI 0.58–0.89) for LS and HSG scores, respectively.
Bleeding disorders in teenagers presenting with menorrhagia
Authors: JAYASINGHE Yasmin , MOORE Patricia , DONATH Susan , CAMPBELL Janine , MONAGLE Paul , GROVER Sonia 
Published: September 2005

AbstractObjective:  To assess the prevalence of bleeding disorders and establish the clinical variables that are predictive of a bleeding disorder in adolescent women.Design:  A retrospective audit of all patients who had coagulation tests following presentation with menorrhagia.Setting:  Inpatient and outpatients of a tertiary adolescent gynaecology service.Patients:  Subjects aged 9–19 years with menorrhagia who had coagulation tests performed, and who did not have a known bleeding disorder prior to presentation were included.Outcome measures:  A bleeding screen was performed to assess prevalence of bleeding disorders in the population. Variables that were investigated as predictive of a bleeding disorder included clinical history, family history, and haematological indices of blood loss.Results:  The prevalence of an inherited bleeding disorder was 10.4%. The only statistically significant predictor was a family history of bruising and bleeding. Menstrual history was not predictive.Conclusion:  Severity of menstrual loss was not predictive of a bleeding disorder, as a significant cause of teenage metrostaxis is due to anovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding. The authors recommend that a careful personal and family history of bruising and bleeding be taken in all teenagers who present de novo with menorrhagia. Routine screening in a primary care setting is impractical, but should be mandatory in all patients with a positive family history.
Treatment of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Bytzer Peter , O'Morain Colm 
Published: September 2005

ABSTRACTThe efficacy of established Helicobacter pylori regimes needs to be reviewed. In view of drug resistance, side effects, and compliance and expense of therapy, treatment failure is increasing and second‐line treatment strategies need to be developed. A simulation model suggested by the Cochrane review group showed that H. pylori eradication is cost‐effective for duodenal and gastric ulcer long‐term. The duration of eradication therapy continues to be controversial. In Europe and other parts of the world, 7‐day triple regimes are used, whereas guidelines from the United States recommend 10–14 days of therapy. Antibiotic resistance is a major factor affecting the outcome of eradication therapy. New modified eradication regimes involve substitution of antibiotics used in conjunction with other drugs. The newer generation fluoroquinolones have shown some promise as part of an eradication regimen. Quadruple therapy (bismuth, proton pump inhibitor [PPI] and two antibiotics and sequential treatment [PPI with three antibiotics]) are promising first‐line treatments. Novel agents have been tried, but with disappointing results. New drugs and administration forms have been reported but their efficacy needs confirmation.
Helicobacter pylori and Extragastric Diseases – Other Helicobacters
Authors: Nilsson Hans‐Olof , Pietroiusti Antonio , Gabrielli Maurizio , Zocco Maria Assunta , Gasbarrini Giovanni , Gasbarrini Antonio 
Published: September 2005

ABSTRACTThe involvement of Helicobacter pylori in the pathogenesis of extragastric diseases continues to be an interesting topic in the field of Helicobacter‐related pathology.Although conflicting findings have been reported for most of the disorders, a role of H. pylori seems to be important especially for the development of cardiovascular and hematologic disorders.Previously isolated human and animal Helicobacter sp. flexispira and “Helicobacter heilmannii” strains have been validated using polyphasic taxonomy. A novel enterohepatic Helicobacter has been isolated from mastomys and mice, adding to the list of helicobacters that colonize the liver. Genetic targets that may aid the classification of novel Helicobacter species have emerged. Animal models of Helicobacter‐induced gastric and hepatobiliary diseases have offered insights to the mechanisms associated with premalignant transformation.