bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Will Virtual Hearings Remain in Post-pandemic International Arbitration?
Authors: Chen Lei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe pandemic has catalysed to hasten the wider use of virtual hearings in international arbitration. However, the promotion of virtual hearings in international commercial dispute resolution was more complex than commonly thought due to the highlighted concerns of cybersecurity and breach of confidentiality in arbitration. The worries against the wide use of virtual hearings cannot stand because technological innovations can largely improve and solve this. However, virtual arbitration hearings may not be common post-COVID times. Technology shapes how people behave, interact, grow, and develop in their relationships with others and wider communities. Yet greater immersion in the digital world undoubtedly creates new challenges and can adversely affect human-to-human interactions. There is very little scientific study on the psychological impacts of virtual hearings on arbitrators,
witnesses and counsels. It is too early to assess its effectiveness from the user's perspective until the much-needed scientific data is released. Virtual hearings are unlikely to replace in-person ones necessary for more complex and high-value disputes requiring greater interaction and personal connection. Strategically, international arbitration is a private initiative-orientated, flexible, and market-driven dispute resolution mechanism. The parties are best positioned to choose the hearing format after balancing off.
Improving Linear Interpolation of Missing Hydrological Data by Applying Integrated Autoregressive Models
Authors: Niedzielski Tomasz , Halicki Michał 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe application of linear interpolation for handling missing hydrological data is unequivocal. On one hand, such an approach offers good reconstruction in the vicinity of last observation before a no-data gap and first measurement after the gap. On the other hand, it omits irregular variability of hydrological data. Such an irregularity can be described by time series models, such as for instance the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. Herein, we propose a method which combines linear interpolation with autoregressive integrated model (ARI, i.e. ARIMA without a moving average part), named LinAR (available at GitHub), as a tool for inputing hydrological data. Linear interpolation is combined with the ARI model through linear scaling the ARI-based prediction issued for the no-data gap. Such an approach contributes to the current state of art in gap-filling methods since it removes artificial jumps between last stochastic prediction and first known observation after the gap, also introducing some irregular variability in the first part of the no-data gap. The LinAR method is applied and evaluated on hourly water level data collected between 2016 and 2021 (52,608 hourly steps) from 28 gauges strategically located within the Odra/Oder River basin in southwestern and western Poland. The data was sourced from Institute of Meteorology and Water Management (Poland). Evaluating the performance with over 100 million assessments in the validation experiment, the study demonstrates that the LinAR approach outperforms the purely linear method, especially for short no-data gaps (up to 12 hourly steps) and for rivers of considerable size. Based on rigorous statistical analysis of root mean square error (RMSE) – expressed (1) absolutely, (2) as percentages and (3) using RMSE error bars – the percentage improvement, understood as percentage difference between RMSE of linear and LinAR interpolations, was found to reach up to 10%.
Microstructure and Mechanical Property Stability of Wire Arc Directed Energy Deposition Austenitic Stainless Steels During Thermal Aging at 650°C
Authors: Gonzalez Juan , Tate Stephen , Klemm-Toole Jonah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAustenitic stainless steels are used in power generation components subjected to elevated temperatures over long service lives. Replacing these components can involve lengthy lead times and deteriorate the robustness of the energy infrastructure. Wire arc directed energy deposition (WA-DED) has the potential to enable rapid manufacturing of replacement parts, but the long-term stability of microstructures and mechanical properties produced by WA-DED is not well understood. In this work, we explore the influence of aging at 650°C for 1000 h on the formation of embrittling phases, such as sigma (σ), in the commercially available austenitic stainless steel wire feedstocks 316L, 316LSi, 316H and 16-8-2. All WA-DED samples formed secondary phases at grain boundaries (likely σ, possibly other phases as well), but these phases caused negligible changes in tensile properties in 316L, 316LSi and 316H. Samples of 16-8-2 formed significant amounts of ferrite and/or martensite after aging, which increased tensile strength but reduced ductility when tested at room temperature. This work demonstrates the need to design feedstock compositions that are stable with respect to ferrite and/or martensite formation, in addition to phases typically associated with embrittlement, to ensure microstructure and mechanical property stability for high-temperature applications with long service lives.
Computational Modeling of a 2D Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Cell
Authors: Martinez Lopez Joseba , Aramendia Iñigo , Fernandez-Gamiz Unai , Sanchez-Diez Eduardo , Beloki Aitor , Kurt Erol , Lopez-Guede Jose Manuel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThese days, the implementation of sustainable power generation has led to a difference in propensity in the energy creation and capacity frameworks, compelling them to conquer the hardships that it addresses. Considering the entirety among the suggested technologies, vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB) stand out as a wonderful choice regarding cyclability and versatility. The point of this study is to break down electrochemical performance of a vanadium redox flow battery cell in two dimensions. To accomplish this, a two-dimensional model comprising an ion exchange membrane, electrode and flow channel was created. A set of electrode compression and flow rates was tested to envision the impact on the velocity field, species concentration and potential and current distributions. As a result of compression, velocity profiles and reaction rates are both increased, by 12.7% and 9.2%, respectively, when applying 50% compression. Higher reaction rates and more stable concentration gradients were induced by higher electrolyte rates. Additionally, overpotential was reduced by 1.5% with the lowest flow rate.
Clinical long-term outcome of hepatitis D compared to hepatitis B monoinfection
Authors: Wranke Anika , Heidrich Benjamin , Deterding Katja , Hupa-Breier Katharina Luise , Kirschner Janina , Bremer Birgit , Cornberg Markus , Wedemeyer Heiner 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection causes the most severe form of chronic viral hepatitis. However, it is still unclear to what extent the underlying cirrhosis may contribute to disease progression. The aim of this study was to compare the long-term outcome of HDV infection with HBV monoinfection in a single-center cohort of both non-cirrhotic and cirrhotic patients.

Method
We retrospectively studied 175 patients with chronic hepatitis D (CHD) who were followed for at least 6 months (median of 6.3 (0.6–23.6) years). In addition, we selected 175 patients with HBV monoinfection (CHB) who were matched for gender, age, region of origin, HBeAg status, and bilirubin. Liver-related clinical end points were defined as hepatic decompensation (ascites, encephalopathy, variceal bleeding), liver transplantation, HCC, or liver-related death.

Results
Clinical complications developed earlier (4.6 vs. 6.2 years) and more frequently (35.4% vs. 12.6%, p < 0.01) in CHD patients. In a multivariate Cox regression, HDV infection was independently associated with the development of end points (p < 0.01; HR: 3.0; 95% CI 1.4–6.4). However, in cirrhotic patients there were no significant differences between HBV and HDV in the development of end points. Besides, CHB patients with cirrhosis developed more frequently HCC (35.5%) than CHD patients with cirrhosis (18.5%).

Conclusion
Our results confirmed that HDV leads to a faster progression to cirrhosis compared to HBV. However, once cirrhosis is present, not HDV but the underlying cirrhosis is the dominate intrinsic risk factor for the development of liver-related end points and for the progression to HCC.
For freedom or income? Depression among independent self-employed individuals and the mediating mechanisms: empirical evidence from China
Authors: Chen Yongjie , Zhang Zixian , Yang Tianyi , Zhao Jinxu , Liu Tianlan , He Li 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIndependent self-employment (ISE) has a crucial impact on new job creation as well as sustainable and inclusive growth. However, the findings on depression status among self-employed individuals are mixed owing to the lack of targeted classifications or the use of different classification criteria. This study investigated the association between depression and ISE, and conducted a categorical comparison of ISE. Using logit models, the study employed data from the 2018 China Labor-force Dynamics Survey (CLDS) (N = 10,758) to explore differences in depression status between individuals with ISE and those with non-ISE individuals and employees. Further, intellectual and physical ISE were distinguished. This study tested the mediating roles of job freedom and income. ISE individuals were significantly less likely to experience depression than non-ISE individuals and employees. The odds ratio (OR) of ISE with depression was 0.828 times that of non-ISE individuals and employees. The OR of intellectual ISE with depression was 0.717 times that of non-ISE individuals and employees. The regression results of depression in relation to physical ISE were not significant. A mechanism analysis showed that income (rather than work freedom) reduced the risk of depression among intellectually ISE individuals. Significantly different risk levels of depression were found between ISE individuals, and non-ISE individuals and employees in China, particularly between intellectually ISE individuals, and non-ISE individuals and employees. Moreover, the mediating role of income was identified, contradicting prior knowledge that a high degree of work freedom is what leads to high happiness and job satisfaction in self-employment.
Workplace learning, power, and practice: modes of participation for civilian criminal investigators
Authors: Lindberg Ola , Rantatalo Oscar , Haake Ulrika 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article aims to contribute to the theorization of power in workplace learning. We examined the ways in which civilian investigators participate in criminal investigation practice, and how these modes related to the social ordering in the police organization. Civilians, mostly women and well educated, are being hired in large numbers to help with the shortage of staff within the Swedish police organization. We analysed 71 interviews with both civilians and police officers, covering views on the nature of investigative work, the introduction of civilians, and their competence. The interviews were analysed in an abductive process using a practice theory outlook on power and participation. The results show four different modes of participation for civilians that have vastly different consequences for their integration into the police. These modes are dependent on how civilian competence is viewed, whether civilians are viewed as different or similar, and whether they are considered competent at investigating crimes. We conclude that the struggle to define competent practice is at the core of understanding the relationship between learning and power.
Marine and Not Terrestrial Resources Support Nearshore Food Webs Across a Gradient of Glacial Watersheds in the Northern Gulf of Alaska
Authors: Schloemer James , Munk Lee Ann , Iken Katrin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEstuaries are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth, yet they are at risk in high-latitude regions due to climate-driven effects on the connected terrestrial and marine realms. Northern Hemisphere warming exceeds the global average and accelerates the melting of glaciers. As a result, the magnitude of freshwater discharge into estuaries may increase during the peak in glacial meltwater, ultimately affecting the riverine flux of organic matter (OM) from the land to coastal environments and food webs within. We investigated the extent to which terrestrial OM subsidizes nearshore food webs in northern Gulf of Alaska watersheds and if differences in the relative proportion of terrestrial versus marine OM supporting these food webs are explained by watershed glacial cover and/or by seasonal glacial discharge regimes. A stable isotope mixing model was employed to determine the contribution of marine (phytoplankton, macroalgae) and terrestrial (vascular plant) sources to the diets of grazing/detritivore and filter/suspension-feeding coastal invertebrates at the outflows of watersheds of varying glacial influence and across three distinct discharge periods. Additionally, a distance-based redundancy analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of watershed-characteristic (e.g., slope, vegetation cover) sourcing and transport of terrestrial OM on consumer diets. The diets of both feeding groups were predominantly marine (> 90%) and varied little among estuarine study sites at watersheds of different glacial cover or glacial discharge periods. Our findings suggest that terrestrial OM is not readily used by nearshore food webs in this productive study system, presumably due to the high quantity and quality of available marine OM.
Quantification of Parkinsonian unilateral involvement from ocular fixational patterns using a deep video representation
Authors: Olmos Juan , Valenzuela Brayan , Martínez Fabio 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Lateralisation of motor symptoms is a prevalent characteristic of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Hence, unilateral involvement is crucial for personalized treatments and measuring therapy effectiveness. Nonetheless, most motor symptoms, including lateralization, are mainly evident at advanced stages of the disease. Recently, ocular fixation instability emerged as a promising PD biomarker with a high sensitivity to discriminate PD. We hypothesize that unilateral involvement can be recovered from the assessment and quantification of PD-related ocular abnormalities.

Methods
This method proposes a computer-based strategy to quantify PD lateralization from ocular fixation patterns. The method follows a markerless strategy fed by slices with spatiotemporal eye movement information. A deep convolutional model was used to discriminate between PD and a control population. Additionally, model prediction probabilities were analyzed to select the dominant eye associated with unilateral involvement.

Results
The proposed approach reports an average accuracy of 91.92% classifying PD. Interestingly, using the dominant side, the approach achieves an average PD prediction probability of 93.3% (95% CI: [91.61,95.07]), evidencing capabilities to capture the most affected side. Besides, the reported results strongly correlate with the disease, even for patients categorized at early stages. A low-dimensional projection tool was used to support the classification results by finding a 2d space that eases the discrimination among classes.

Conclusions
The strategy is sensitive to detecting and classifying PD fixational patterns and determining the side with major impairments. This approach may be a potential tool to support the characterization of the disease and as an alternative to defining personalized treatments.
Supercongruences involving Domb numbers and binary quadratic forms
Authors: Mao Guo-Shuai , Schlosser Michael J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we prove two recently conjectured supercongruences (modulo $$p^3$$

p
3

, where p is any prime greater than 3) of Zhi-Hong Sun on truncated sums involving the Domb numbers. Our proofs involve a number of ingredients such as congruences involving specialized Bernoulli polynomials, harmonic numbers, binomial coefficients, and hypergeometric summations and transformations.
Automated blood glucose regulation for nonlinear model of type-1 diabetic patient under uncertainties: GWOCS type-2 fuzzy approach
Authors: Elhoushy Mohanad , Zalam Belal A. , Sayed Amged , Nabil Essam 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRegulating blood glucose level (BGL) for type-1 diabetic patient (T1DP) accurately is very important issue, an uncontrolled BGL outside the standard safe range between 70 and 180 mg/dl results in dire consequences for health and can significantly increase the chance of death. So the purpose of this study is to design an optimized controller that infuses appropriate amounts of exogenous insulin into the blood stream of T1DP proportional to the amount of obtained glucose from food. The nonlinear extended Bergman minimal model is used to present glucose-insulin physiological system, an interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller (IT2FLC) is utilized to infuse the proper amount of exogenous insulin. Superiority of IT2FLC in minimizing the effect of uncertainties in the system depends primarily on the best choice of footprint of uncertainty (FOU) of IT2FLC. So a comparison includes four different optimization methods for tuning FOU including hybrid grey wolf optimizer-cuckoo search (GWOCS) and fuzzy logic controller (FLC) method is constructed to select the best controller approach. The effectiveness of the proposed controller was evaluated under six different scenarios of T1DP using Matlab/Simulink platform. A 24-h scenario close to real for 100 virtual T1DPs subjected to parametric uncertainty, uncertain meal disturbance and random initial condition showed that IT2FLC accurately regulate BGL for all T1DPs within the standard safe range. The results indicated that IT2FLC using GWOCS can prevent side effect of treatment with blood-sugar-lowering medication. Also stability analysis for the system indicated that the system operates within the stability region of nonlinear system.
Facets of Impulsivity in Gaming Disorder: a Narrative Review
Authors: Müller Silke M. , Antons Stephanie , Brand Matthias 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose of review
This narrative review provides a detailed look at impulsivity in the context of gaming disorder. Summarizing empirical findings, we aim to identify whether gaming disorder is associated with specific facets of impulsivity, namely motor, attentional, and decisional impulsivity, assessed by self-report and behavioral measures. Wherever possible, we distinguished between general and stimuli-specific (gaming-related) impulsivity.

Recent findings
Gaming disorder is associated with attentional impulsivity. Heightened motor impulsivity in individuals with gaming disorder is particularly evident in the presence of gaming-related cues. Decisional impulsivity is not per se increased. Gender-related differences and comorbid ADHD are likely to moderate the association between impulsivity and gaming disorder symptoms.

Summary
Facets of impulsivity are differentially associated with gaming disorder. These associations are dependent upon characteristics of the studied population, used measures, and applied diagnostic criteria. Uniform diagnosis/screening and more targeted investigations are necessary in order to derive effective clinical implications.
Pre-existing chronic kidney disease, aetiology of acute kidney injury and infection do not affect renal outcome and mortality
Authors: Buckenmayer Anna , Siebler Nadja , Haas Christian S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
We aimed to study the role of aetiology, pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and infections in acute kidney injury (AKI) on renal outcome and mortality.

Methods
This retrospective study analysed patients with AKI admitted to a university nephrology department from January 1st, 2020 through December 31st, 2020. Aetiology of AKI, underlying renal disease in case of pre-existing CKD and presence of infections were assessed. Development of renal function and risk of death were studied with follow-up until January 31st, 2023.

Results
Of 1402 patients screened, 432 patients (30.8%, 67.9 ± 15.4 years) fulfilled the inclusion criteria, half of the population presented with advanced CKD. Even though CKD patients were more often in need of chronic dialysis at time of discharge (6.9% vs 4.5%, p < .001), duration of hospital stay was shorter and in-hospital mortality tended to be lower when compared to AKI without prior renal disease. Neither aetiology of AKI nor pre-existing CKD had an impact on the combined endpoint of end-stage kidney disease and mortality (log rank 0.433 and 0.909). Overall, septic patients showed the highest in-hospital mortality (23.5%) and longest hospital stay (30.0 ± 22.8 days, p < .001), while patients with urosepsis had the shortest hospitalisation time (9.7 days) with lowest risk for dialysis (4.4%). Of note, outcome did not differ in patients with AKI when considering the infectious status.

Conclusions
Overall renal outcome and mortality in AKI patients were not affected by the cause of AKI, pre-existent CKD or infectious status. Only severity of AKI had a negative impact on outcome.

Graphical abstract
Stability and certain $$\mathbb {P}^n$$-functors
Authors: Reede Fabian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLet X be a K3 surface. We prove that Addington’s $$\mathbb {P}^n$$

P

n

-functor between the derived categories of X and the Hilbert scheme of points $$X^{[k]}$$

X

[
k
]

maps stable vector bundles on X to stable vector bundles on $$X^{[k]}$$

X

[
k
]

, given some numerical conditions are satisfied.
Mobility outcomes and associated factors of acute geriatric care in hospitalized older patients: results from the PAGER study
Authors: Werner Christian , Bauknecht Laura , Heldmann Patrick , Hummel Saskia , Günther-Lange Michaela , Bauer Jürgen M. , Hauer Klaus 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To examine distinct mobility outcomes (locomotor capacity, physical activity, life-space mobility) of acute geriatric care (AGC) in acutely hospitalized older adults and identify predictors associated with these outcomes.

Methods
The PAGER study was designed as a prospective observational study. Mobility outcomes of 107 hospitalized older patients (age = 83.2 ± 6.4 years, female: n = 68, 63.6%) receiving AGC were measured at hospital admission and discharge. Locomotor capacity was assessed with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), 24-h physical activity (step count) with an activity monitor, and life-space mobility with the Life-Space Assessment in Institutionalized Settings (LSA-IS). Baseline demographical, clinical, physical, cognitive, and psychological characteristics were analyzed as candidate predictors of mobility outcomes.

Results
SPPB (median [interquartile range] 4.0 [2.8–5.0] pt. vs. 5.0 [3.0–6.3] pt.), step count (516 [89–1806] steps vs. 1111 [228–3291] steps), and LSA-IS total score (10.5 [6.0–15.0] pt. vs. 16.3 [12.0–24.1] pt.) significantly improved during AGC (all p < 0.001). Adjusting for baseline status, frailty was identified as an independent negative predictor of SPPB, step count, and LSA-IS at discharge (p = 0.003–0.005). Barthel Index was also independently positively associated with step count (p = 0.017) at discharge, as was the mean daily PA level with SPPB (p = 0.027) at discharge, both independent of baseline status.

Conclusion
AGC improves distinct mobility outcomes in hospitalized older patients. Frailty was consistently found to be an independent negative predictor of all mobility outcomes. Frailty assessment in AGC may be important to identify patients at risk for decreased treatment gains in mobility. Early PA promotion in AGC seems to be beneficial in improving patients’ locomotor capacity.