bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reawakening Cold War Social Movements Through Memory Work and Archival Performance
Authors: Grimaldi Anna , Gukelberger Sandrine 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article examines the ways in which artefacts of Cold War social movements are reassembled in and through the creation of archives in the present. We ask: how have artefacts of past social movements been re-engaged with memory work through intergenerational transmission and performance? Through the analysis of selected examples, including a) ethnographic work on a Pan-African social movement in Senegal, b) archival research of Cuban Cold War graphic design, and c) a decolonial pedagogical project taking place at a UK university, we illustrate the different – and at times overlapping – dimensions of the ‘memory-activism nexus’ they engage (Rigney 2018; 2020). Through a theoretical framework that draws from social movement theory, memory studies and performance theory in relation to archives, we identify and analyse contemporary engagements with past social movements. We argue that through distinct interpretations, (re)assemblages, and framings of artefacts, memory work through the creation of archives is necessarily an embodied and performative practice.
On the Impact of a Dry Intrusion Driving Cloud-Regime Transitions in a Midlatitude Cold-Air Outbreak
Authors: Tornow Florian , Ackerman Andrew S. , Fridlind Ann M. , Tselioudis George , Cairns Brian , Painemal David , Elsaesser Gregory 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Marine cold-air outbreaks (CAOs) occur in the postfrontal sector of midlatitude storms, usually accompanied by dry intrusions (DIs) shaping the free-tropospheric (FT) air aloft. Substantial rain initiates overcast to broken regime transitions in marine boundary layer (MBL) cloud decks that form where cold air first meets relatively high sea surface temperatures. An exemplary CAO in the northwest Atlantic shows earlier transitions (corresponding to reduced extents of overcast clouds) closer to the low pressure center. We hypothesize that gradients in the meteorological pattern imposed by the prevailing DI induced a variability in substantial rain onset and thereby transition. We compile satellite observations, reanalysis fields, and Lagrangian large-eddy simulations (LES) translating along MBL trajectories to show that postfrontal trajectories closer to the low pressure center are more favorable to rain formation (and thereby cloud transitions) because of 1) weaker FT subsidence rates, 2) greater FT humidity, 3) stronger MBL winds, and 4) a colder MBL with reduced lower-tropospheric stability. LES confirms the observed variability in transitions, with substantial rain appearing earlier where there is swifter reduction of cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) concentration and increase of liquid water path (LWP). Prior to substantial rain, CCN budgets indicate dominant loss terms from FT entrainment and hydrometeor collisions. LWP-enhancing cloud thickness increases more rapidly for weaker large-scale subsidence that enables faster MBL deepening. Mere MBL warming and moistening cannot explain cloud thickness increases. The generality of such a DI-imposed cloud transition pattern merits further investigation with more cases that may additionally be convoluted by onshore aerosol gradients.

Significance Statement
Cold-air outbreaks (CAOs) lead to marine boundary layer (MBL) clouds that commonly undergo rain-initiated overcast to broken cloud regime transitions that can drastically impact reflected solar radiation. We aim to better understand what mechanisms control these transitions. For a CAO event in the northwest Atlantic that shows earlier transitions closer to the low pressure center, we find the transition timing to be largely governed by the coinciding dry intrusion that imposes an inhomogeneous large-scale meteorological pattern onto the overlying free troposphere and thereby affects MBL rain formation. Our findings update conceptual understanding of extratropical cyclones and motivate analyzing observations and conducting simulations for more postfrontal cases through a Lagrangian perspective as done here for one case, to assess the generality of our findings.
Impacts of Projected Arctic Sea Ice Loss on Daily Weather Patterns over North America
Authors: Gervais Melissa , Sun Lantao , Deser Clara 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Future Arctic sea ice loss has a known impact on Arctic amplification (AA) and mean atmospheric circulation. Furthermore, several studies have shown it leads to a decreased variance in temperature over North America. In this study, we analyze results from two fully coupled Community Earth System Model (CESM) Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM4) simulations with sea ice nudged to either the ensemble mean of WACCM historical runs averaged over the 1980–99 period for the control (CTL) or projected RCP8.5 values over the 2080–99 period for the experiment (EXP). Dominant large-scale meteorological patterns (LSMPs) are then identified using self-organizing maps applied to winter daily 500-hPa geopotential height anomalies () over North America. We investigate how sea ice loss (EXP − CTL) impacts the frequency of these LSMPs and, through composite analysis, the sensible weather associated with them. We find differences in LSMP frequency but no change in residency time, indicating there is no stagnation of the flow with sea ice loss. Sea ice loss also acts to de-amplify and/or shift the that characterize these LSMPs and their associated anomalies in potential temperature at 850 hPa. Impacts on precipitation anomalies are more localized and consistent with changes in anomalous sea level pressure. With this LSMP framework we provide new mechanistic insights, demonstrating a role for thermodynamic, dynamic, and diabatic processes in sea ice impacts on atmospheric variability. Understanding these processes from a synoptic perspective is critical as some LSMPs play an outsized role in producing the mean response to Arctic sea ice loss.

Significance Statement
The goal of this study is to understand how future Arctic sea ice loss might impact daily weather patterns over North America. We use a global climate model to produce one set of simulations where sea ice is similar to present conditions and another that represents conditions at the end of the twenty-first century. Daily patterns in large-scale circulation at roughly 5.5 km in altitude are then identified using a machine learning method. We find that sea ice loss tends to de-amplify these patterns and their associated impacts on temperature nearer the surface. Our methodology allows us to probe more deeply into the mechanisms responsible for these changes, which provides a new way to understand how sea ice loss can impact the daily weather we experience.
Impact of Adjusted and Nonadjusted Surface Observations on the Cold Season Performance of the Canadian Precipitation Analysis (CaPA) System
Authors: Feng Pei-Ning , Bélair Stéphane , Khedhaouiria Dikraa , Lespinas Franck , Mekis Eva , Thériault Julie M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Canadian Precipitation Analysis System (CaPA) is an operational system that uses a combination of weather gauge and ground-based radar measurements together with short-term forecasts from a numerical weather model to provide near-real-time estimates of 6- and 24-h precipitation amounts. During the winter season, many gauge measurements are rejected by the CaPA quality control process because of the wind-induced undercatch for solid precipitation. The goal of this study is to improve the precipitation estimates over central Canada during the winter seasons from 2019 to 2022. Two approaches were tested. First, the quality control procedure in CaPA has been relaxed to increase the number of surface observations assimilated. Second, the automatic solid precipitation measurements were adjusted using a universal transfer function to compensate for the undercatch problem. Although increasing the wind speed threshold resulted in lower amounts and worse biases in frequency, the overall precipitation estimates are improved as the equitable threat score is improved because of a substantial decrease in the false alarm ratio, which compensates the degradation of the probability of detection. The increase of solid precipitation amounts using a transfer function improves the biases in both frequency and amounts and the probability of detection for all precipitation thresholds. However, the false alarm ratio deteriorates for large thresholds. The statistics vary from year to year, but an overall improvement is demonstrated by increasing the number of stations and adjusting the solid precipitation amounts for wind speed undercatch.
Proximity of alcohol outlets and presentation to hospital by young people after self-harm: A retrospective geospatial study using the integrated data infrastructure
Authors: Hetrick Sarah E , Hobbs Matthew , Fortune Sarah , Marek Lukas , Wiki Jesse , Boden Joseph M , Theodore Reremoana , Ruhe Troy , Kokaua Jesse J , Thabrew Hiran , Milne Barry , Bowden Nicholas 
Published: October 2023

Objectives: There is a well-established association between alcohol use, misuse, intoxication and self-harm, the latter of which is associated with suicide. This study aimed to better understand the association between proximity to alcohol outlets and the likelihood of young people presenting to hospital following self-harm. Methods: This was a nationwide retrospective geospatial study using data from the New Zealand Integrated Data Infrastructure using population-level data for 10–29-year-olds for the 2018 and 2017 calendar years. Presentations to hospital following self-harm were identified using the national minimum data set. Proximity to alcohol outlets was defined in road network distance (in kilometres) and ascertained using Integrated Data Infrastructure geospatial data. Alternative measures of proximity were employed in sensitivity analyses. Complete-case two-level random intercept logistic regression models were used to estimate the relationship between alcohol outlet proximity and hospital presentation for self-harm. Adjusted models included sex, age, ethnicity, area-level deprivation, urbanicity and distance to nearest medical facility. Analyses were also stratified by urbanicity. Results: Of the 1,285,368 individuals (mean [standard deviation] age 20.0 [5.9] years), 7944 (0.6%) were admitted to hospital for self-harm. Overall, the odds of presenting to hospital for self-harm significantly decreased as the distance from the nearest alcohol outlet increased, including in adjusted models (adjusted odds ratio 0.980; 95% confidence interval = [0.969–0.992]); the association was robust to changes in the measure of alcohol proximity. The effect direction was consistent across all categorisations of urbanicity, but only statistically significant in large urban areas and rural areas. Conclusions: The findings of this study show a clear association between young people’s access to alcohol outlets and presentation to hospital for self-harm and may provide a mandate for government policies and universal interventions to reduce young people’s access to alcohol outlets. Further research regarding causative mechanisms is needed.
‘E koekoe te Tūī, e ketekete te Kākā, e kuku te Kererū, The Tūī chatters, the Kākā cackles, and the Kererū coos’: Insights into explanatory factors, treatment experiences and recovery for Māori with eating disorders – A qualitative study
Authors: Clark Mau Te Rangimarie , Manuel Jenni , Lacey Cameron , Pitama Suzanne , Cunningham Ruth , Jordan Jennifer 
Published: October 2023

Background: Eating disorders are as common in Māori, the Indigenous people of Aotearoa-New Zealand, as they are in non-Māori; however, research has focused on the experiences of non-Māori. This paper will describe explanatory factors, treatment experiences and what helps with recovery for Māori. Methods: Kaupapa Māori research methodology informed the methods and analysis. Fifteen semi-structured interviews comprised thirteen Māori participants with eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder) and two whānau (support network) members. A thematic analysis was undertaken by a first cycle of coding that used deductive structural coding to identify data describing participants’ perceived causes of eating disorders, their experience of treatment and recovery. A second cycle of coding used inductive analysis with descriptive and pattern coding. Results: Three overarching themes were antecedents (cumulative exposure), treatment (a system of complexities) and recovery (resource empowerment). Antecedents comprised cumulative exposure to body and sporting ideals and adversity as causal factors of eating disorders. In the treatment theme, a system of complexities critiqued rural settings for generalised mental health services, allocation of Māori cultural support, the economic burden of treatment, culturally incongruent treatment (methods, values) and a weight-focused discharge criterion. Recovery (resource empowerment) found appropriate health information, self-determination and connection to Māori culture and whānau aspirations helped with recovery. Conclusion: The diversity of birdcalls reminds us of the individuality of eating disorders. Health practitioners are reminded that just as the Tūī, Kākā and Kererū possess their own unique birdcalls, so do Māori with eating disorders and their whānau have their own experiences, needs and required treatment responses.
Influence of aerobic exercise on inhibitory control of executive functions in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Abo-zaid Nehad A , El-Gendy Amira M , Hewidy Islam , Essam Ali Mohammed , Sabbahi Ahmad 
Published: October 2023

Objective This study investigates the influence of aerobic exercise training on inhibitory control of executive functions in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Design Single-blind randomized controlled trial. Setting Outpatient Physical Therapy Clinic. Participants Children aged 7–11 with left-sided hemiplegic cerebral palsy with emotional and behavioral dysregulation evidenced by scores >28 on Paediatric Symptom Checklist and GMFCS I or II ( n = 60). Intervention Participants were randomly allocated into two equal groups. The control group received standard-of-care physical therapy for 1 h, and the aerobic exercise group received standard-of-care physical therapy for 30 min and moderate-intensity continuous exercise on a bicycle ergometer for 30 min. All groups received treatment three times a week for 12 weeks. Main Measures The Eriksen Flanker test and Stroop Color–Word test were used to assess inhibitory control of executive function at the baseline and after 12 weeks. Results Differences between pre- and post-treatment values in the exercise group showed significant improvement in Flanker response accuracy and Stroop response accuracy ( p = 0.001) and significant decreases in Flanker congruent reaction time and Stroop congruent reaction time ( p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between both groups in Flanker incongruent reaction time and Stroop incongruent reaction time ( p > 0.05). Conclusions Aerobic exercise has a promising effect on inhibitory control of executive function in children with left-sided hemiplegic cerebral palsy.
A general theory of rehabilitation: Rehabilitation catalyses and assists adaptation to illness
Authors: Wade Derick T 
Published: October 2023

Background There is no general theory of rehabilitation, only definitions and descriptions, with the biopsychosocial model of illness as a structure. Objective To develop a general theory of rehabilitation that explains how healthcare rehabilitation changes outcomes and to evaluate its validity. Need A general rehabilitation theory would help research, improve services, increase understanding, modify resource allocation and explain some anomalies, such as how rehabilitation helps when no natural recovery occurs. Building blocks People adapt to change throughout their lives. Illness is a change, and people adapt to their illness. Adaptation's purpose is to maintain an equilibrium in a person's life. The balanced components are related to Maslow's five needs: basic, safety, affiliation, status and self-fulfilment. The general theory of behaviour suggests that a person's behaviours change to maintain balance, regulated by a central homeostatic mechanism. The theory Rehabilitation aids adaptation to changes associated with illness through accurate diagnosis and formulation, catalysing adaptation, optimising the environment and assisting the person in making necessary changes by safely practising activities and teaching self-management. Implications The theory makes the person the central active agent, emphasises the importance of the environment in facilitating adaptation, explains why all conditions may benefit, including progressive and static conditions, suggests that health can be equated to someone maintaining their equilibrium and explains why a small dose may be very effective. Conclusion The general theory of rehabilitation emphasises the catalytic effects of rehabilitation in facilitating and guiding adaptation and suggests areas for research and improvement.
Concurrent laparoscopic highly selective vagotomy with closure of duodenal ulcer perforations show good clinical results as primary repair alone
Authors: Park Ji-Ho , Lee Jin‑Kwon , Kim Dong-Hwan , Min Jae-Seok , Kim Tae-Han , Jung Eun-Jung , Park Taejin , Jang Jae Yool , Woo Jung-Woo , lee Han Shin , Park Miyeong , Jeong Sang-Ho 
Published: October 2023

Objective To compare clinical and operative results between laparoscopic primary repair (LPR) alone and LPR with highly selective vagotomy (LPR-HSV) in patients with duodenal ulcer perforation. Methods Clinical data from patients who underwent either LPR or LPR-HSV by resecting both sides of the neurovascular bundle using an ultrasonic or bipolar electrosurgical device for duodenal ulcer perforations, between 2010 and 2020, were retrospectively collected. Between-group differences in continuous and categorical variables were statistically analysed. Results Data from 184 patients (mean age, 49.6 years), who underwent either LPR ( n = 132) or LPR-HSV ( n = 52) were included. The mean operation time was significantly longer in the LPR-HSV group (116.5 ± 39.8 min) than in the LPR group (91.2 ± 33.3 min). Hospital stay was significantly shorter in the LPR-HSV group (8.6 ± 2.6 days) versus the LPR group (11.3 ± 7.1 days). The mean postoperative day of starting soft fluid diet was also significantly shorter in the LPR-HSV group (4.5 ± 1.4 days) than in the LPR group (5.6 ± 4 days). No between-group difference in morbidity rate was observed. The learning curve of the HSV procedure showed a stable procedure time after 10 operations. Conclusions LPR with HSV may be a safe and feasible procedure for selective cases who are at high risk for ulcer recurrence.
Impact of brief smoking cessation intervention on quitting rate and glycemic control in patients with diabetes: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ibrahim Albaroodi K.A. , Syed Sulaiman Syed Azhar , Awaisu Ahmed , Shafie Asrul Akmal 
Published: October 2023

Objective We aimed to evaluate the impact of a brief smoking cessation intervention among patients with diabetes. Methods This randomized interventional clinical trial involved patients with diabetes who smoked tobacco and attended the outpatient diabetes clinic at Penang Hospital, Malaysia. Participants were randomized into a control group that usual care for patients with diabetes, or an intervention group that received a 5-minute physician-delivered brief counseling session on tobacco cessation using the 5A’s strategy, in addition to usual care. Primary outcome measures were assessed over three visits (every 3–4 months) including mean glycated hemoglobin level, quitting rate, blood pressure, and mean number of cigarettes smoked per day. Results In total, 126 participants were finally enrolled in the study, with 63 patients each in the intervention and control groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to glycemic control, blood pressure, and quitting rate. However, patients in both groups reduced their cigarette consumption. Conclusions The present brief smoking cessation intervention did not result in better glycemic control, blood pressure, or quitting rates among patients with diabetes. This patient group may require more intensive guidance for better outcomes. Trial registration: This study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04864327); https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?pg=1&load=cart&id=NCT04864327 .
Analysis of mitochondrial function in lymphocytes obtained from COVID-19 patients
Authors: He Zhi , Liu Jing-Jing , Ma Shao-Lei 
Published: October 2023

Objectives There is a significant decline in the lymphocyte subset counts in the peripheral blood of COVID-19 patients. However, the mitochondrial function of lymphocytes obtained from COVID-19 patients has rarely been studied. Methods A case-control study was conducted in 115 COVID-19 patients and 50 healthy controls from December 2022 to February 2023. The extent of lymphocytic mitochondrial damage in these patients using mitochondrial fluorescence staining and flow cytometry. Clinical symptoms were evaluated using the SOFA and APACHE II scores. Results The mitochondrial function of lymphocytes was severely impaired in the peripheral blood of COVID-19 patients, compared to healthy controls, and was characterized by an increased single-cell mitochondrial mass (SCMM) and increased percentage of low mitochondrial membrane potential. The increase in the SCMM of T cells was more notable in patients with severe COVID-19 and was positively correlated with the SOFA and APACHE II scores. When the SCMM-CD8 cutoff value was 38.775, the AUC for distinguishing between severe and mild COVID-19 was 0.740, and the sensitivity, specificity, and Youden index were 65.8%, 82.1%, and 0.478, respectively. Conclusion SCMM-CD8 could act as a diagnostic biomarker of COVID-19 progression. However, this needs to be verified in other multi-center studies with a larger sample size.
Impact of Using Blood Warmer During Continuous Kidney Replacement Therapy in Patients With Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Doddi Akshith , Abbasi Aisha , Ramesh Ambika , Moursy Safa , Sakhuja Ankit , Shawwa Khaled 
Published: October 2023

Purpose We investigated the impact of blood warmer use on hypotensive episodes in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) receiving continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT). Materials and Methods We included patients with AKI undergoing CKRT between January 1, 2012, and January 1, 2021, at a tertiary academic hospital. Hypotensive episodes were defined as mean arterial pressure (MAP) <60 mm Hg or a decrease in MAP by ≥10 mm Hg, systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 90 mm Hg or a decrease in SBP by ≥20 mm Hg, or increased vasopressor requirement. These were analyzed by Poisson regression with repeated-measures analysis of variance using generalized estimation equation. Results There were 669 patients with AKI that required CKRT. Use of blood warmer on first day of CKRT was in 324 (48%) patients. Incidence rate ratio of hypotensive episodes during the first 24-h of CKRT in patients where a blood warmer was used was 1.06 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98-1.13) compared to those where blood warmer was not used. This did not change in adjusted model. Overall, the within-subject effect of temperature on hypotensive episodes showed that higher temperature was associated with fewer episodes (0.94, 95% CI: 0.9-0.99 per 10 degrees increase, P = .007). Conclusion Blood rewarming was not associated with hypotensive episodes during CKRT.