bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The detection of polarized X-ray emission from the magnetar 1E 2259+586
Authors: Heyl Jeremy , Taverna Roberto , Turolla Roberto , Israel Gian Luca , Ng Mason , Kırmızıbayrak Demet , González-Caniulef Denis , Caiazzo Ilaria , Zane Silvia , Ehlert Steven R , Negro Michela , Agudo Iván , Antonelli Lucio Angelo , Bachetti Matteo , Baldini Luca , Baumgartner Wayne H , Bellazzini Ronaldo , Bianchi Stefano , Bongiorno Stephen D , Bonino Raffaella , Brez Alessandro , Bucciantini Niccolò , Capitanio Fiamma , Castellano Simone , Cavazzuti Elisabetta , Chen Chien-Ting , Ciprini Stefano , Costa Enrico , De Rosa Alessandra , Del Monte Ettore , Di Gesu Laura , Di Lalla Niccolò , Di Marco Alessandro , Donnarumma Immacolata , Doroshenko Victor , Dovčiak Michal , Enoto Teruaki , Evangelista Yuri , Fabiani Sergio , Ferrazzoli Riccardo , Garcia Javier A , Gunji Shuichi , Hayashida Kiyoshi , Iwakiri Wataru , Jorstad Svetlana G , Kaaret Philip , Karas Vladimir , Kislat Fabian , Kitaguchi Takao , Kolodziejczak Jeffery J , Krawczynski Henric , Monaca Fabio La , Latronico Luca , Liodakis Ioannis , Maldera Simone , Manfreda Alberto , Marin Frédéric , Marinucci Andrea , Marscher Alan P , Marshall Herman L , Massaro Francesco , Matt Giorgio , Mitsuishi Ikuyuki , Mizuno Tsunefumi , Muleri Fabio , Ng C-Y , O’Dell Stephen L , Omodei Nicola , Oppedisano Chiara , Papitto Alessandro , Pavlov George G , Peirson Abel Lawrence , Perri Matteo , Pesce-Rollins Melissa , Petrucci Pierre-Olivier , Pilia Maura , Possenti Andrea , Poutanen Juri , Puccetti Simonetta , Ramsey Brian D , Rankin John , Ratheesh Ajay , Roberts Oliver J , Romani Roger W , Sgrò Carmelo , Slane Patrick , Soffitta Paolo , Spandre Gloria , Swartz Douglas A , Tamagawa Toru , Tavecchio Fabrizio , Tawara Yuzuru , Tennant Allyn F , Thomas Nicholas E , Tombesi Francesco , Trois Alessio , Tsygankov Sergey S , Vink Jacco , Weisskopf Martin C , Wu Kinwah , Xie Fei 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We report on IXPE, NICER, and XMM–Newton observations of the magnetar 1E 2259+586. We find that the source is significantly polarized at about or above 20 per cent for all phases except for the secondary peak where it is more weakly polarized. The polarization degree is strongest during the primary minimum which is also the phase where an absorption feature has been identified previously. The polarization angle of the photons are consistent with a rotating vector model with a mode switch between the primary minimum and the rest of the rotation of the neutron star. We propose a scenario in which the emission at the source is weakly polarized (as in a condensed surface) and, as the radiation passes through a plasma arch, resonant cyclotron scattering off of protons produces the observed polarized radiation. This confirms the magnetar nature of the source with a surface field greater than about 1015 G.
The FLASH pilot survey: an H i absorption search against MRC 1-Jy radio sources
Authors: Aditya J N H S , Yoon Hyein , Allison James R , An Tao , Chhetri Rajan , Curran Stephen J , Darling Jeremy , Emig Kimberly L , Glowacki Marcin , Kerrison Emily , Koribalski Bärbel S , Mahony Elizabeth K , Moss Vanessa A , Morgan John , Sadler Elaine M , Soria Roberto , Su Renzhi , Weng Simon , Whiting Matthew 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We report an ASKAP search for associated H i 21-cm absorption against bright radio sources from the Molonglo Reference Catalogue (MRC) 1-Jy sample. The search uses pilot survey data from the ASKAP First Large Absorption Survey in H i (FLASH) covering the redshift range 0.42 &lt; z &lt; 1.00. From a sample of 62 MRC 1-Jy radio galaxies and quasars, we report three new detections of associated H i 21-cm absorption, yielding an overall detection fraction of $1.8\,{{\,\rm per\,cent}}^{+4.0\,{{\,\rm per\,cent}}}_{-1.5\,{{\,\rm per\,cent}}}$. The detected systems comprise two radio galaxies (MRC 2216−281 at z = 0.657 and MRC 0531−237 at z = 0.851) and one quasar (MRC 2156−245 at z = 0.862). The MRC 0531−237 absorption system is the strongest found to date, with a velocity integrated optical depth of $\rm 143.8 \pm 0.4 \ km \ s^{-1}$. All three objects with detected H i 21-cm absorption are peaked-spectrum or compact steep-spectrum (CSS) radio sources. Two of them show strong interplanetary scintillation at 162 MHz, implying that the radio continuum source is smaller than 1 arcsec in size even at low frequencies. Among the class of peaked-spectrum and compact steep-spectrum radio sources, the H i detection fraction is $23\,{{\,\rm per\,cent}}^{+22\,{{\,\rm per\,cent}}}_{-13\,{{\,\rm per\,cent}}}$. All three detections have a high 1.4 GHz radio luminosity, with MRC 0531−237 and MRC 2216−281 having the highest values in the sample, $\rm \gt 27.5 \ W \ Hz^{-1}$. The preponderance of extended radio sources in our sample could partially explain the overall low detection fraction, while the effects of a redshift evolution in gas properties and AGN UV luminosity on the neutral gas absorption still need to be investigated.
The Hubble tension survey: A statistical analysis of the 2012–2022 measurements
Authors: Wang Bao , López-Corredoira Martín , Wei Jun-Jie 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
In order to investigate the potential Hubble tension, we compile a catalogue of 216 measurements of the Hubble–Lemaître constant H0 between 2012 and 2022, which includes 109 model-independent measurements and 107 ΛCDM model-based measurements. Statistical analyses of these measurements show that the deviations of the results with respect to the average H0 are far larger than expected from their error bars if they follow a Gaussian distribution. We find that xσ deviation is indeed equivalent in a Gaussian distribution to xeqσ deviation in the frequency of values, where xeq = 0.72x0.88. Hence, a tension of 5σ, estimated between the Cepheid-calibrated type Ia supernovae and cosmic microwave background (CMB) data, is indeed a 3σ tension in equivalent terms of a Gaussian distribution of frequencies. However, this recalibration should be independent of the data whose tension we want to test. If we adopt the previous analysis of data of 1976–2019, the equivalent tension is reduced to 2.25σ. Covariance terms due to correlations of measurements do not significantly change the results. None the less, the separation of the data into two blocks with H0 &lt; 71 and H0 ≥ 71 km s−1 Mpc−1 finds compatibility with a Gaussian distribution for each of them without removing any outlier. These statistical results indicate that the underestimation of error bars for H0 remain prevalent over the past decade, dominated by systematic errors in the methodologies of CMB and local distance ladder analyses.
Sulfur isotopes toward the extended envelope of Sagittarius B2 in the Galactic Center
Authors: Li Qingxu , Li Juan , Zheng Siqi , Wang Junzhi , Gao Feng , Wu Yajun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Isotopic ratios are good tools for probing stellar nucleosynthesis and chemical evolution. We perform high-sensitivity mapping observations of the J = 7–6 rotational transitions of OCS, OC34S, O13CS, and OC33S toward the Galactic Center giant molecular cloud Sagittarius B2 with the IRAM 30 m telescope. Positions with optically thin and uncontaminated lines are chosen to determine the sulfur isotope ratios. A 32S/34S ratio of 17.1 ± 0.9 was derived with OCS and OC34S lines, while a 34S/33S ratio of 6.8 ± 1.9 was derived directly from the integrated intensity ratio of OC34S and OC33S. With independent and accurate measurements of the 32S/34S ratio, our results confirm the termination of the decreasing trend of 32S/34S ratios toward the Galactic Center, suggesting a drop in the production of massive stars at the Galactic Center.
Bayesian Total-Evidence Dating Revisits Sloth Phylogeny and Biogeography: A Cautionary Tale on Morphological Clock Analyses
Authors: Tejada Julia V , Antoine Pierre-Olivier , Münch Philippe , Billet Guillaume , Hautier Lionel , Delsuc Frédéric , Condamine Fabien L 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Combining morphological and molecular characters through Bayesian total-evidence dating allows inferring the phylogenetic and timescale framework of both extant and fossil taxa, while accounting for the stochasticity and incompleteness of the fossil record. Such an integrative approach is particularly needed when dealing with clades such as sloths (Mammalia: Folivora), for which developmental and biomechanical studies have shown high levels of morphological convergence whereas molecular data can only account for a limited percentage of their total species richness. Here, we propose an alternative hypothesis of sloth evolution that emphasizes the pervasiveness of morphological convergence and the importance of considering the fossil record and an adequate taxon sampling in both phylogenetic and biogeographic inferences. Regardless of different clock models and morphological datasets, the extant sloth Bradypus is consistently recovered as a megatherioid, and Choloepus as a mylodontoid, in agreement with molecular-only analyses. The recently extinct Caribbean sloths (Megalocnoidea) are found to be a monophyletic sister-clade of Megatherioidea, in contrast to previous phylogenetic hypotheses. Our results contradict previous morphological analyses and further support the polyphyly of “Megalonychidae,” whose members were found in five different clades. Regardless of taxon sampling and clock models, the Caribbean colonization of sloths is compatible with the exhumation of islands along Aves Ridge and its geological time frame. Overall, our total-evidence analysis illustrates the difficulty of positioning highly incomplete fossils, although a robust phylogenetic framework was recovered by an a posteriori removal of taxa with high percentages of missing characters. Elimination of these taxa improved topological resolution by reducing polytomies and increasing node support. However, it introduced a systematic and geographic bias because most of these incomplete specimens are from northern South America. This is evident in biogeographic reconstructions, which suggest Patagonia as the area of origin of many clades when taxa are underrepresented, but Amazonia and/or Central and Southern Andes when all taxa are included. More generally, our analyses demonstrate the instability of topology and divergence time estimates when using different morphological datasets and clock models and thus caution against making macroevolutionary inferences when node support is weak or when uncertainties in the fossil record are not considered.
Impact of lamivudine treatment in late pregnancy on the development of the foetal immune response to hepatitis B virus: a meta-analysis in R with the metafor package
Authors: Zhao Peng , Zhao Ying , Du Minmin , Chen Xiuying , Lu Yongchao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide public health burden, especially in Asia and Africa. Concerns were raised that foetal exposure to HBV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) might suppress the innate immune response and reduce the production of hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) in foetuses and infants. We therefore conducted the current study to evaluate the impact of ART on the development of the immune response to HBV in foetuses and infants.

Methods
We selected lamivudine instead of telbivudine or tenofovir as the intervention measurement because it was the oldest and most widely used ART during pregnancy and its safety data have been sufficiently documented. A comprehensive search was conducted in eight electronic databases, including four Chinese and four English databases. Studies that met the following eligibility criteria were included: human randomized controlled trials (RCTs); participants in the treatment group were exclusively exposed to lamivudine; participants in the control group were exposed to placebo, no treatment or hepatitis B immunoglobulin; all participants were HBV-positive pregnant women with a high viral load and the main outcome of interest was neonatal HBsAb seropositivity. Data were tabulated and analysed using R software.

Results
Nine RCTs were included and analysed. Compared with controls, lamivudine significantly decreased HBsAb seronegativity in the newborn within 24 h after birth (indicating the foetal immune response to HBV). Similar results were noted in infants within 6–7 months after birth and infants within 12 months (indicating the neonatal immune response to HBV vaccine).

Conclusions
Lamivudine treatment in late pregnancy boosted the foetal immune response to HBV in utero and enhanced the neonatal immune response to hepatitis B vaccine after birth.
Global trends in anal cancer incidence and mortality
Authors: Mignozzi Silvia , Santucci Claudia , Malvezzi Matteo , Levi Fabio , La Vecchia Carlo , Negri Eva 
Published: December 2023

Objective
Anal cancer is a rare disease, affecting more frequently women than men, mainly related to human papillomavirus infection (HPV). Rising incidence and mortality have been reported over the past four decades in different countries.

Methods
To provide an up-to-date overview of recent trends in mortality from anal cancer, we analysed death certification data provided by the WHO in selected countries worldwide over the period from 1994 to 2020. We also analysed incidence derived from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents from 1990 to 2012 for all histologies as well as for anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Results
The highest age-standardised mortality rates around 2020 were registered in Central and Eastern Europe, such as Slovakia (0.9/100 000 men and 0.40/100 000 women), in the UK (0.24/100 000 men and 0.35/100 000 women), and Denmark (0.33/100 000 for both sexes), while the lowest ones were in the Philippines, Mexico, and Japan, with rates below 0.10/100 000 in both sexes. Upwards trends in mortality were reported in most countries for both sexes. Similarly, incidence patterns were upward or stable in most countries considered for both sexes. In 2008–2012, Germany showed the highest incidence rates (1.65/100 000 men and 2.16/100 000 women).

Conclusion
Attention towards vaccination against HPV, increased awareness of risk factors, mainly related to sexual behaviours and advancements in early diagnosis and management are required to control anal cancer incidence and mortality.
The optimal dose of pain neuroscience education added to an exercise programme for patients with chronic spinal pain: A systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis
Authors: Núñez-Cortés Rodrigo , Salazar-Méndez Joaquín , Calatayud Joaquín , Malfliet Anneleen , Lluch Enrique , Mendez-Rebolledo Guillermo , Guzmán-Muñoz Eduardo , López-Bueno Rubén , Suso-Martí Luis 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Pain neuroscience education (PNE) has shown promising results in the management of patients with chronic spinal pain (CSP). However, no previous review has determined the optimal dose of PNE added to an exercise programme to achieve clinically relevant improvements. The aim was to determine the dose–response association between PNE added to an exercise programme and improvements in pain intensity and disability in patients with CSP. A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library was conducted from inception to April 19, 2023. The exposure variable (dosage) was the total minutes of PNE. Outcome measures included pain intensity, disability, quality of life, pressure pain thresholds, and central sensitization inventory. Data extraction, risk-of-bias assessment, and certainty of evidence were performed by 2 independent reviewers. The dose–response relationship was assessed using a restricted cubic spline model. Twenty-six randomised controlled trials with 1852 patients were included. Meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant effect in favour of PNE on pain intensity and disability. In addition, a dose of 200 and 150 minutes of PNE added to an exercise programme was estimated to exceed the minimum clinically important difference described in the literature for pain intensity (−2.61 points, 95% CI = −3.12 to −2.10) and disability (−6.84 points, 95% CI = −7.98 to −5.70), respectively. The pooled effect of the isolated exercise was small. These findings may be useful in optimising the most appropriate PNE dose to achieve clinically relevant improvements in patients with CSP.
Genomics education for advance practice nurses: Staying cutting edge
Authors: Connors Laurie M. , Wysocki Kenneth 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
As we celebrate the 20th anniversary of sequencing of the human genome and the rapid integration of genetics in health care, we pause to reflect on the status of genomic competency in nursing. The literature provides evidence that nurses do not feel prepared or confident in genomics. Genomic education for nurses and other health care professionals can support access and equity in the integration of genomics into practice. Resources are provided to support genomic education and clinical support.
Comparison of efficacy between tranexamic acid and epsilon-aminocaproic acid for total knee arthroplasty: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Li Jun , Guo YuanXue , Li Ming 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Tranexamic acid (TXA) and epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) have been demonstrated to reduce blood loss following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of TXA and EACA in reducing blood loss in primary TKA patients.

Methods:
A search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases identified all relevant studies published until December 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting a comparison of TXA and EACA for TKA patients were selected. The main outcomes were total blood loss (TBL), hemoglobin (Hb) drop on postoperative day 3, intraoperative blood loss, operation time and the transfusion rate were evaluated. The weighted mean differences (WMD) and risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a fixed-effects or random-effects model. Stata 12.0 software was used for meta-analysis.

Results:
Six studies involving 739 (TXA:372; EACA:367) patients were included in this meta-analysis. There was no significant difference in terms of intraoperative blood loss, Hb drop on postoperative day 3, operation time, tourniquet time (TT), transfusion rate and the occurrence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) between the 2 treatments groups. However, compared with EACA, TXA significant reduced TBL (WMD, 174.60; 95% CI, −244.09 to −105.11).

Conclusion:
Our research did not demonstrate TXA to be superior to EACA in reducing need for transfusion and Hb drop. TXA was superior than EACA in reducing TBL in TKA patients. More RCTs with identical inclusion criteria and dose and duration of treatment, are required to confirm these findings.
A case report of Mycobacterium fortuitum infection after muscle injection
Authors: Li Hao , Zhang Tao 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Injection-related abscesses are a common complication in clinical practice, but the identification of infected bacteria might be difficult.

Patient concerns:
A 51-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital due to a lump on her right buttock that emerged after receiving intramuscular injections to treat left shoulder joint pain. The lump gradually enlarged into a 3.0 to 4.5 cm mass at the time of admission with symptoms such as skin redness, itching, and pain.

Diagnoses:
The patient received ultrasonic and other laboratory examinations. Laboratory results from the drainage indicated that the infection was caused by a rapidly growing mycobacteria and was confirmed as Mycobacterium fortuitum by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with antibiotics for 12 days after incision and drainage of the abscess in the right buttock. Local dressings were changed regularly. A migration lesion that appeared 3 days after treatment was drained and cleaned when it matured.

Outcomes:
The lesion substantially decreased in size and the patient was discharged after 2 months of treatment.

Lessons:
Rapidly growing mycobacteria are rare but important pathogens that should be considered in patients with injection-related abscesses. Early identification and appropriate treatment can result in a favorable prognosis.
The implementation and effect evaluation of AIDET standard communication health education mode under the King theory of goal attainment: A randomized control study
Authors: Yang Hao , Luo Wanying , Du Xue , Guan Yujia , Peng Wentao 
Published: December 2023

Background:
This research addresses inadequate understanding of interventional prenatal diagnosis, preoperative anxiety psychological problems in pregnant women undergoing interventional prenatal diagnosis, proposing a health education mode combined AIDET standard communication and King's theory of goal attainment approach to potentially improve health education outcomes, anxiety psychological problems, and patient satisfaction.

Methods:
A convenient sampling method was used to select a total of 300 pregnant women who were ready to undergo interventional prenatal diagnosis. They were randomly divided into a implementation group and a control group, with 150 pregnant women in each group. The control group used the communication mode of the traditional process of nurse–patient communication. The implementation group used the AIDET standard communication health education model under the King theory of goal attainment in the process of nurse–patient communication and the interventional prenatal diagnosis health education content questionnaire, the pregnant women’s satisfaction questionnaire, state anxiety scale, and disease uncertainty scale were used for evaluation.

Results:
The results of the interventional prenatal diagnosis health education questionnaire, the results of pregnant women’s anxiety, the results of pregnant women’s disease uncertainty, the results of pregnant women’s satisfaction, the implementation group all were better than the control group (P < .05).

Conclusion:
Using the AIDET standard communication health education model under the King theory of goal attainment in nurse–patient communication is conducive to the rapid establishment of a harmonious and trusting nurse–patient relationship between pregnant women and nurses, helping pregnant women and nurses jointly promote the establishment and implementation of health education goals, helping to improve pregnant women’s acceptance of information related to interventional prenatal diagnosis, health education and the procedure of walking on the day of surgery. It helps enhance the effectiveness of health education and satisfaction, reducing pregnant women’s uncertainty about the disease, their unfamiliarity with the surgery environment and surgery procedure, and their preoperative anxiety.