bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Expired Moxifloxacin Drug as Corrosion Inhibitor for Copper in Synthetic Acid Rain (SAR) Solution
Authors: Montaser Atiat A. , El-Mahdy Mohamed S. , Mahmoud Elsayed E. , Fouda Abd El-Aziz S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper evaluated the possibility of using quinoline derivative (an expired Moxifloxacin) as an inhibitor for copper corrosion in synthetic acid rain (SAR) solution. Weight reduction (WR) experiments, potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and AC impedance spectra (EIS) were employed to investigate corrosion inhibition (ƞ%) and inhibition rates. (ƞ%) increases by increasing the concentration of MOXI in all test methods. The PDP curves indicated that this expired medication exhibited mixed-type inhibitory activity. According to the EIS tests, the ƞ % was found to improve with raising the MOXI concentration and reached 94.05% at 600 ppm. On the other hand, the ƞ% was lowered by raising the temperature. The adsorbed MOXI molecules on copper obey Langmuir isotherm model. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) are employed to examine the surface of the copper sample. The results acquired experimentally were validated through the application of density functional theory (DFT) and molecular simulation (MC) in theoretical calculations. All the tests metthods gave similar results.
The influence of Celiac disease on fertility and pregnancy: an Italian survey
Authors: Arcieri Martina , Abrami Carlotta , Graziano Annalisa , Restaino Stefano , Rizzante Elisa , D’Ippolito Silvia , Vizzielli Giuseppe , Driul Lorenza 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background Celiac disease (CD) is a permanent inflammatory enteropathy that has been associated to obstetric and gynecological disorders, like reduction of fertile period, increased risk of miscarriage and infertility, increased risk of gestational anemia, premature labor and delivery, low birth weight, small for gestational age and intrauterine fetal growth retardation. Despite the impact of celiac disease on women’s reproduction, this condition is still not adequately tested by gynecologists, mainly because it is, often, wrongly considered as an exclusively gastrointestinal disease. Limited knowledge and underestimation of the disease require the development of targeted awareness-raising interventions. Our study aimed to evaluate the association between celiac disease and obstetric and gynecological complications; to highlight the importance of informing patients about the manifestations of CD; assess the patient satisfaction with the information provided by healthcare professionals on the reproductive implications of CD.Methods administration of a digital survey to celiac women. The link to access the questionnaire has been uploaded on the website of the Italian Celiac Association.Results we analyzed 493 questionaries. The obstetric and gynecological disorders led to the diagnosis of CD in 58 out of 493 interviewees (11.7%). From the analysis of questionaries, it emerged that patients suffering from untreated CD are more predisposed to: miscarriages (in our survey, 41.8% vs 34% respectively before and after CD diagnosis, p = 0.1122), anemia in pregnancy (71.4% vs 41.7% respectively before and after CD diagnosis, p = 0000) and the risk of giving birth to a newborn with low birth weight (newborns weighing < 1500 grams were 4.0% before and 1.1% after the establishment of gluten-free dietary treatment, p = 0.028). Women with CD, both before and after gluten-free diet, were more infertile (about 19%) than the general population. The majority of patients interviewed (73%) were dissatisfied with the level of information they received from health professionals about the reproductive implications of CD.Conclusion Our research contributes to a deeper understanding of the intersection between CD and reproductive outcomes, highlighting the main obstetric and gynecological problems related to it, and also emphasizing the importance of patient's perspective and the need of more awareness about Celiac disease from healthcare workers.
Ecological niche use varies with sea turtle reproductive age
Authors: Fireman Alexandra , Stapleton Seth P , Zanden Hannah Vander , Liang Dong , Woodland Ryan J 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Understanding an organism’s niche and ecological role in its ecosystem is critical for conservation, especially for species that use multiple habitats at different life stages. The hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) is one such migratory animal that plays an ecologically important role in imperiled coral reef habitats. Although hawksbill resource use strategies (e.g., generalism vs. specialism) in these foraging grounds are poorly understood, stable isotope analysis of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) can provide information on the trophic niche and foraging location of consumers. Additionally, when a single sample is taken from a tissue that accretes through time, such as keratin, analyses can reveal information on the long-term foraging patterns of individuals. Here, we evaluate resource use strategies for 98 females within a nesting aggregation of hawksbills in Antigua, West Indies (17.159, -61.756). Stable isotope analysis of scute tissue collected from 2017–2019 revealed population-level generalism and varying degrees of individual specialization. Additionally, older turtles displayed overall smaller ranges in isotope values, indicating a narrowing of resource use with increased reproductive age amongst breeding adult females. These findings provide evidence of high variability in hawksbill diet, illustrate differences in ecological niche use across different ages, and highlight the necessity of evaluating multiple life stages to inform the conservation of this critically endangered species.
Real-world Efficacy of Ensitrelvir in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Japan: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Yoshida Ryohei , Sasaki Takaaki , Ohsaki Yoshinobu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic necessitates continuously evaluating antiviral treatments, especially for high-risk groups, including older individuals. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of three antiviral drugs, including remdesivir, molnupiravir, and ensitrelvir, in hospitalized patients, focusing on outcomes such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigen levels, hospitalization duration, and fever resolution.
Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at Yoshida Hospital, Asahikawa city, Japan, enrolling 154 patients who received antiviral treatment upon COVID-19 diagnosis from July 1, 2022 to September 15, 2023. The diagnosis was confirmed by proprietary antigen tests or loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays. Patients who received treatment outside the hospital or with consistently negative antigen results were excluded. Drug administration was determined by attending physicians, considering oral administration challenges and renal dysfunction. The data were statistically analyzed using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test and one-way analysis of variance complemented by the Tukey post-hoc test for detailed group comparisons.
Results: No significant differences were observed in the initial antigen levels among the treatment groups. By day 10, the ensitrelvir group showed lower antigen levels than did the other groups, but not significantly. The ensitrelvir group had a higher antigen-negative conversion rate and a significantly shorter hospital stay than did the molnupiravir group. However, no significant differences were noted in the fever resolution time among the groups.
Conclusion: This study suggests the potential benefits of ensitrelvir in reducing antigen levels and hospitalization duration. However, the overall efficacy of the antiviral agents for symptomatic relief appears similar. These findings underscore the need for further research to optimize COVID-19 management by considering personalized treatment approaches and long-term outcomes.
Association between physical, cognitive and social activities with the incident of sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults: A four-year longitudinal study
Authors: Nishimoto Kazuhei , Tsutsumimoto Kota , Nakakubo Sho , Kiuchi Yuto , Misu Yuka , Ohata Tomoka , Shimada Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of the present study was to comprehensively examine the association between inadequate physical activity (PA), cognitive activity (CA), and social activity (SA) and the development of sarcopenia.
Methods
We conducted a two-wave survey. In the first-wave survey, we asked participants five questions for each of the three categories—PA, CA, and SA—. The low-activity group was defined as those who fell into the decline category for one or more of the five questions. In both Wave 1 and Wave 2, we assessed the sarcopenia status of our participants. Sarcopenia was defined using the revised definition of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2.
Results
In the second wave, we were able to follow 2,530 participants. A multivariable logistic regression showed that lowPA participants face a higher risk of incident sarcopenia, both before and after multiple imputations (odds ratio [OR] 1.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22–2.15 before imputation; OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.21–2.18 after imputation); the lowSA group also showed a higher risk of incident sarcopenia both before and after multiple imputations (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.05–1.64 before imputation; OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.07–1.65 after imputation).
Conclusion
Each low PA and SA independently led to incident sarcopenia late in life. Encouraging not only PA, but also SA, may be effective to prevent sarcopenia among older adults.
ESCO2 promotes the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma through PI3K/AKT/ mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Dapeng , Huang Yue , Zhang Youcheng , Zhang Zhihong , Zhang Yamin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Establishment of sister chromatid cohesion N-Acetyltransferase 2(ESCO2), a gene reported to involved in the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion (SCC) and cell proliferation. We aim to explore how ESCO2 affects the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods: ESCO2’s expression value and its relationship with clinical prognosis were explored based on TCGA, HCCDB and ICGC databases. We then utilized bioinformatics method analysis to investigate the potential regulatory pathways in which ESCO2 may be implicated. CCK-8, clone assay, and flow cytometry were utilized to examine the impact of ESCO2 knockdown on the malignant biological activity of HCC cells. Finally, we identified the specific regulatory mechanism of ESCO2 using Western blotting.
Results: We determined ESCO2 was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues and high ESCO2 expression was linked to a worse prognosis. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that ESCO2 regulated pathways related to the cell cycle and cell proliferation. Furthermore, knockdown of ESCO2 significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro. Most significantly, ESCO2 stimulates PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, which ultimately accelerates up the cell cycle and inhibits apoptosis, promoting the progression of HCC.
Conclusion: We revealed the mechanism by which ESCO2 regulates HCC proliferation: ESCO2 promotes HCC proliferation by accelerating the cell cycle and inhibiting apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
Hypotensive episodes at 24-h Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring predict adverse outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Vallelonga Fabrizio , Valente Matteo , Tangari Marta Maria , Covolo Anna , Milazzo Valeria , Stefano Cristina Di , Sobrero Gabriele , Giudici Marta , Milan Alberto , Veglio Franco , Lopiano Leonardo , Maule Simona , Romagnolo Alberto 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose. Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH) is a frequent non-motor feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD), associated with adverse outcomes. Recently, 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) has been shown to diagnose nOH with good accuracy (in the presence of at least 2 episodes of systolic BP drop ≥ 15 mmHg compared to the average 24-h). This study aims at evaluating the prognostic role of ABPM-hypotensive episodes in predicting PD disability milestones and mortality and comparing it to well-defined prognostic role of nOH. Methods. PD patients who underwent ABPM from January 2012 to December 2014 were retrospectively enrolled and assessed for the development of falls, fractures, dementia, bed/wheelchair confinement, hospitalization, mortality, during an up-to-10-year follow-up. Results. Ninety-nine patients (male 74%; age: 64.0 ± 10.1 years; PD duration: 6.4 ± 4.0 years) were enrolled. At baseline, 38.4% of patients had ABPM-hypotensive episodes and 46.5% had bedside nOH. At Kaplan-Meier analysis patients with ABPM-hypotensive episodes had an earlier onset of falls (p = 0.001), fractures (p = 0.004), hospitalizations (p = 0.009), bed/wheelchair confinement (p = 0.032), dementia (p = 0.001), and showed a shorter survival (8.0vs9.5 years; p = 0.009). At Cox regression analysis (adjusted for age, disease duration, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and H&Y stage at baseline) a significant association was confirmed between ABPM-hypotensive episodes and falls (OR:3.626; p = 0.001), hospitalizations (OR:2.016; p = 0.038), and dementia (OR:2.926; p = 0.008), while bedside nOH was only associated with falls (OR 2.022; p = 0.039) and dementia (OR:1.908; p = 0.048). Conclusion. The presence of at least two ABPM-hypotensive episodes independently predicted the development of falls, dementia, and hospitalization, showing a stronger prognostic value than the simple bedside assessment.
Stress Echocardiographic Myocardial Work in Healthy Adults and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Patients and Doubt about Early Systolic Lengthening
Authors: Huang Liwei , Ye Luwei , Zhang Hongmei , Zhang Qingfeng , Ding Geqi , Li Chunmei , Deng Yan , Yin Lixue , Wang Yi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background The aims of this study were (1) to characterize myocardial work (MW) changes from rest to after exercise in healthy adults and heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and (2) to explore the factors influencing the decrease in global work efficiency (GWE) after exercise in healthy adults.Methods This study enrolled 167 healthy adults and 38 HFpEF patients. All subjects underwent echocardiographic assessment at rest and immediately after a symptom-limited treadmill stress test.Results GWE decreased after exercise in healthy adults. It was higher in women after exercise (women: 93% vs. men: 91%, p < 0.05). GWE was significantly lower after exercise in HFpEF patients (HFpEF: 85% vs. healthy: 92%, p < 0.05). The peak positive strain (PPS) was independently associated with global wasted work (GWW) both in healthy adults and HFpEF patients (healthy adults: r = 0.77, p < 0.001 at rest; r = 0.72, p < 0.001 after exercise; HFpEF: r = 0.74, p < 0.001 at rest; and r = 0.62, p < 0.001 after exercise).Conclusions MW parameters were less affected by sex in healthy individuals. MW parameters were lower in HFpEF than healthy adults both at rest and after exercise. GWE decreased in healthy adults after exercise because of increased GWW, and PPS was independently associated with GWW both at rest and under load, suggesting that early systolic lengthening (ESL) may be beneficial for subsequent contraction of the myocardium.
Factors Influencing Contraceptive Utilisation Among Postpartum Adolescent Mothers: a Cross Sectional Study at China-uganda Friendship Hospital
Authors: Wambi Rogers , Mujuzi Huzaima , Siya Aggrey , Ibanda Ivan , Doreen Nalubiri , Changulo Maryhilda C , Walimbwa Stanely 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Globally, modern contraceptives remain underutilized among postpartum mothers resulting in the rise of short interpregnancy intervals. This is even severe in low-income countries where health information access regarding such interventions is limited, undermining their uptake. While there are a range of other factors that can influence the uptake of such services, understanding of the significance of their influence is critical in public health programming. This study sought to analyze maternal and health facility factors influencing the utilization of contraceptives among postpartum mothers in urban areas of Uganda.
Methods
In the year 2023, we conducted a health facility-based survey in urban areas of Kampala, Uganda using cross sectional study design approaches. A total of 332 women aged between 15 and22 years were randomly selected for the interviews using semi-structured interview questionnaires. We used descriptive statistics, multivariable logistic and multinomial regression to compare age, occupation, women’s preferred contraceptive, distance from a health facility, service payment, as potential factors influencing uptake and utilization of family planning methods.
Results
An overall 28.3% utilization of contraceptives was realized in the current study. The majority of the respondents 98 (29.52) were within the age group of 17–18 years and unmarried 76.81%(255/332). Significantly associated factors were; income below UgX. 500,000 (p = 0.002), housewife and student (p = 0.006).
Conclusions
Basing on the low contraceptive utilization, understanding the attitudes and views of postpartum teenagers regarding contraception is crucial for creating effective intervention, given the negative effects of adolescent pregnancy. Adolescent mothers are a challenging demographic to interact with, therefore focus groups with them offer a forum for delving into this intricate problem.
Morphological study of dorsal Barton's fracture based on three-dimensional CT imaging
Authors: Han Mingxuan , Li Cong , Han Ning , Sun Guixin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Dorsal Barton's fracture is a distinct type of distal radius fracture. The treatment of dorsal Barton's fracture is contentious and may lead to severe complications like traumatic arthritis and fracture malunion. Furthermore, there is a scarcity of clinical studies on dorsal Barton's fractures. This study aims to use three-dimensional (3D) CT scans to more intuitively and clearly depict the characteristics and patterns of dorsal Barton fractures. The objective is to deepen the understanding of such fractures, providing reference significance for clinical treatment.
Methods
The patients with dorsal Barton's fracture who met the inclusion criteria in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. 3D models of dorsal Barton's fracture were established by high-quality CT scanning, and the relevant data of different sections were measured to obtain the fracture characteristics of dorsal Barton's fracture.
Results
This study included 122 patients, comprising 39 males and 83 females. The average age for males was 55.21 years (range: 19–87 years), and for females, it was 63.88 years (range: 42–89 years). Among the 39 cases of dorsal Barton's fractures, 27 were single dorsal fractures, including 22 cases of dorsal ulnar Barton's fractures, 3 cases of dorsal radial Barton's fractures, and 2 cases of dorsal horizontal Barton's fractures. Twelve cases presented with 2 dorsal fractures, but none had 3 dorsal fractures. Among the 83 cases of female dorsal Barton's fractures, 59 were single dorsal fractures, including 55 cases of dorsal ulnar Barton's fractures, 3 cases of dorsal radial Barton's fractures, and 1 case of dorsal horizontal Barton's fracture. Twenty-two cases had 2 dorsal fractures, and 2 cases had 3 dorsal fractures.
Conclusions
Dorsal Barton fractures exhibit variability in fracture line and number, showing morphological distinctions. The 3D fracture line map of dorsal Barton's fracture, derived from CT 3D reconstruction, not only reveals relevant characteristics but also aids in basic research and the determination of an appropriate surgical plan based on fracture line distribution.
The Prisoner’s Dilemma game as a tool to investigate cooperation and undergraduate education in evolution
Authors: Russell James E. , Xu Xin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Evolutionary theory is based on the conflict that arises when certain heritable variants out-compete others. Given this foundational conflict, a central question for evolutionary biologists concerns the presence of cooperation found throughout all levels of biological organization; from biochemical pathways to complex animal societies. Human behavior is often distinguished from other animal behavior by the presence of acts of cooperative behavior called altruism. Altruism is a cooperative act that penalizes the actor for actions that benefit the recipient. Any other form of cooperation, one that does not penalize the actor, is formally not considered altruistic. How can costly altruistic behavior evolve? This question was the basis for development of a web application tool incorporating a game theory model to investigate conditions affecting cooperative behavior. The game theory model described as Prisoner’s Dilemma incorporates acts of cooperation and non-cooperation (defection). Computer simulations of Prisoner’s Dilemma were developed and online applications were administered for five semesters at Georgia Gwinnet College, using two simulation environments referred to as Random and Non-random. Data collected from simulation runs were used to evaluate the effect of environment on student cooperative behavior and actively engage students in concepts associated with the evolution of cooperation and game theory. Results from student game play suggest group simulation environment played a significant role in the likelihood of observing cooperative behavior. Educational content and attitudinal surveys suggested that PD game play in the undergraduate evolution class at Georgia Gwinnett College improved student knowledge and self-confidence.