bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Calcination Temperature on Tungsten‐based Composite Catalysts for Olefins Metathesis
Authors: Wei Ning , Zhang Dazhi , Zhang Weiping , Huang Shengjun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe thermal treatment is one of the key procedures for the distribution and transformation of active sites for the supported metal oxide catalysts. However, the underlying impacts of thermal treatment on composite supported catalysts receives limited attention due to the additional complexity of the composite support. In this work, the progressive gradient in the metathesis activity, as the function of enhanced calcination temperature, has been observed for the tungsten‐based catalysts supported on the hierarchical ZSM‐5 zeolite‐alumina composite. The metathesis activity, reflected by ethene conversion, undergoes a stepwise growth from 24.2 % to 38.9 % along with the enhanced calcination temperature from 723 K to 923 K. The supported W‐oxo species share high similarity in structural states except their interaction with the Brønsted acidic bridge hydroxyl groups in zeolite. The density of bridge hydroxyl groups is reduced as the function of enhanced calcination temperatures, which reflects the intensified anchoring of surface W‐oxo species. It should be noted that such dependence is not observed for their counterparts based on microporous ZSM‐5 zeolite‐alumina. These sharp comparisons highlight the critical routes of thermal migration of W‐oxo species along the intrazeolite‐alumina interface in the evolution of active sites for the olefins cross‐metathesis reaction.
Zn‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks Using Triptycene Hexacarboxylate Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, and Gas‐Sorption Properties
Authors: Sugamata Koh , Yamada Shoko , Yanagisawa Daichi , Amanokura Natsuki , Shirai Akihiro , Minoura Mao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Koh Sugamata, Mao Minoura, and co‐workers at Rikkyo University. The image depicts triptycene‐based metal‐organic frameworks with honeycomb structures that collect carbon dioxide and hydrogen, in an analogy to bees collecting honey in their honeycombs. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202302080.
Cooperative NHC/Photoredox Catalysis: Three‐Component Reaction of Aroyl Fluorides, Styrenes and Oxalates
Authors: Lin Zheng , Lv Guanghui , Liu Jianghong , Tang Jiangyan , Mu Binsong , Chen Jian , Huang Tianle , Yang Zhongzhen , Wu Yong 
Published: November 2023

Comprehensive SummaryCooperative NHC/photoredox catalysis has emerged as an important research field in recent years. Herein, this article describes the use of cesium salt derivatives of tert‐alcohols as alkyl radical precursors in a three‐component reaction with styrene and aromatic acyl fluorides to synthesize α‐arylalkyl aryl ketones. The aroyl fluoride reacts with the NHC catalyst, leading to the formation of an acyl azolium ion. This acyl azolium ion can then be reduced by the photoredox catalyst, generating the corresponding ketyl radical anion. The C‐radical generated from oxalate oxidation undergoes an addition reaction with the styrene derivative, followed by cross‐coupling of the addition radical with the ketone radical, which is fragmented by NHC to give the target ketone.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Oxindole Sulfonamide Derivatives as Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors**
Authors: Koraboina Chandra Prakash , Maddipati Venkatanarayana Chowdary , Annadurai Narendran , Gurská Soňa , Džubák Petr , Hajdúch Marián , Das Viswanath , Gundla Rambabu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a promising molecular target for several human B‐cell‐related autoimmune disorders, inflammation, and haematological malignancies. The pathogenic alterations in various cancer tissues depend on mutant BTK for cell proliferation and survival, and BTK is also overexpressed in a range of hematopoietic cells. Due to this, BTK is emerging as a potential drug target to treat various human diseases, and several reversible and irreversible inhibitors have been developed and are being developed. As a result, BTK inhibition, clinically validated as an anticancer treatment, is finding great interest in B‐cell malignancies and solid tumours. This study focuses on the design and synthesis of new oxindole sulfonamide derivatives as promising inhibitors of BTK with negligible off‐target effects. The most cytotoxic compounds with greater basicity were PID‐4 (2.29±0.52 μM), PID‐6 (9.37±2.47 μM), and PID‐19 (2.64±0.88 μM). These compounds caused a selective inhibition of Burkitt's lymphoma RAMOS cells without significant cytotoxicity in non‐BTK cancerous and non‐cancerous cell lines. Further, PID‐4 showed promising activity in inhibiting BTK and downstream signalling cascades. As a potent inhibitor of Burkitt's lymphoma cells, PID‐4 is a promising lead for developing novel chemotherapeutics.
Teachers' perspectives on the relationship between secondary school departments of science and religious education: Independence or mutual enrichment?
Authors: Woolley Mary , Bowie Robert A. , Hulbert Sabina , Thomas Caroline , Riordan John‐Paul , Revell Lynn 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere is a gap in the research on the relationship between secondary school subject departments, particularly where, as in the case of science and religious education (RE), there is not the traditional relationship that may be seen in science and maths or across humanities subjects. More awareness of content taught in other departments is important for pupils' coherent experience of curriculum and schooling. This article reports on data from 10 focus groups with 50 participants from six universities, where student teachers of science and RE revealed a complex picture of relationships between the two departments in their placement schools. Furthermore, this article reports findings from a survey where 244 teachers and student teachers of science and RE shared their perspectives on the relationship between the two school departments. The measure was adapted from Barbour's typology, a classification describing the nature of the relationship between science and religion in a range of literature. The terms ‘conflict’, ‘independence’, ‘dialogue’, ‘collaboration’ and ‘integration’ were presented to teachers of both subjects. Little evidence was found of conflict between science and RE departments, but more ‘independence’ than ‘dialogue’ between the two departments was reported. In the light of these findings, the benefits of boundary crossing are explored alongside the role teachers should play in boundary crossing.
Investigation of phylogenetic relationships within Saxifraga diversifolia complex (Saxifragaceae) based on restriction‐site associated DNA sequence markers
Authors: Yuan Rui , Li Jiaxin , Ma Xiaolei , Feng Zhilin , Xing Rui , Chen Shilong , Gao Qingbo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSubsect. Hirculoideae Engl. & Irmsch., belonging to Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae Haw., has high species richness. It can be divided into S. diversifolia, S. pseudohirculus, and S. sinomontana complexes based on morphological characteristics. The species with prominent leaf veins on the posterior leaf edge were placed in the S. diversifolia complex, which is mainly distributed on the eastern and southern margins of the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau. In this study, 53 samples, representing 15 of the 33 described species in the S. diversifolia complex, were sequenced using the Restriction‐site Associated DNA Sequence (RAD‐seq) technique. A total of 111,938 high‐quality SNP loci were screened to investigate the phylogenetic relationships within the S. diversifolia complex. The result of the neighbor‐joining (NJ) tree shows that the S. diversifolia complex is a paraphyletic group. Despite of some inconsistencies as revealed by genetic structural analysis, clustering results of representative species reconstructed by both NJ and principal component analysis analyses support previous biogeographic and morphological evidences. In addition, long‐distance gene flow events for 11 taxa were detected in the S. diversifolia complex, respectively from S. implicans 1 to S. implicans 2, S. diversifolia and S. maxionggouensis, and from S. maxionggouensis to S. nigroglandulifera. These findings may improve our comprehension of the phylogeny, classification, and evolution of the S. diversifolia complex.
Cross‐sectoral metrics as accountability tools for twin transitioning energy systems
Authors: Sareen Siddharth 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs energy systems become ever more closely intertwined in order to enable electrification and real‐time coordination across sectors, tracking the nature of change to ensure accountability during complex implementation processes presents novel challenges and requires renewed thinking on data infrastructures. For instance, sectors like electricity generation, electricity distribution and electrified urban transport have begun to interact more closely and with more spatial complexity than ever before. Correspondingly, this conceptual article articulates the evolving relationship between cross‐sectoral metrics (CSM) and twin transitions (i.e., digitalisation and decarbonisation) of energy systems in the Anthropocene. It argues for development of explicitly cross‐sectoral metrical analysis as an accountability tool for shifts to equitable, low‐carbon energy systems. It draws on three pertinent fields of study—calculative logics, institutionalisation, and degrees of digitalisation—to provide the basis for a theory of transformative metrics for application to evolving energy systems. Scholarship on calculative logics offers insights on the nature of metrics, work on institutionalisation helps understand the dynamics of integrating novel metrics into evolving sociotechnical systems, and consideration of degrees of digitalisation ensures mindfulness of differences across contexts. Resulting insights can serve as diagnostic tools to inform timely monitoring and implementation of twin transitions for energy systems. Work across three distinct lines of scholarship is specified to enable conceptual development, and an empirical case study is sketched to show how to operationalise and apply an analytical framework. This delineation serves as a step towards a theory of transformative metrics, for integrative study of CSM for accountable twin transitions.
Chemometrics‐based signal processing methods for biosensors in health and environment: A review
Authors: Wu Wanqing , Yang Jianlei , Zhou Yu , Zheng Qinggong , Chen Qing , Bai Zhaoao , Niu Jiaqi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe increasing apprehension for health, safety and quality of life in modern society has resulted in the widespread use of biosensors. Biosensors are characterised by their high sensitivity, real‐time monitoring, and easy integration, making them indispensable for environmental monitoring on‐site, as well as invasive and non‐invasive health monitoring. Signal processing and analysis are crucial to biosensor applications, with an important role being played by chemometrics in this regard. This review presents a review of recent research findings in the fields of environmental and health monitoring. In addition, it investigates the role that chemometrics plays in the processing and analysis of biosensor data. The research comprises conventional statistical techniques, including principal component analysis and wavelet transform, as well as modern techniques of artificial intelligence, such as machine learning with neural networks. Through the examination of various algorithm strengths and weaknesses, significant recommendations are offered for biosensor applications. Furthermore, the assessment delivers focused proposals for surmounting signal processing difficulties in biosensors. Additionally, the review contains a concise analysis and reflection on the issue of multiple detection and analysis. The review intends to give essential guidance to future researchers in selecting efficient and sensible methods of data processing for their studies.
Enhancing credit risk prediction based on ensemble tree‐based feature transformation and logistic regression
Authors: Liu Jiaming , Liu Jiajia , Wu Chong , Wang Shouyang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe assessment of credit risk for P2P lending platform applicants is critical to investors. Feature engineering is an essential technique in distilling classification knowledge during the credit risk prediction data preprocessing stage. Although previous literature used feature selection methods to identify key features, feature transformation is more useful in discovering intrinsic nonlinear characteristics in credit data. In this study, we propose a synthetic multiple tree‐based feature transformation method to generate features. Multiple tree‐based feature transformation methods are employed and fused to acquire a new feature set. The bagging‐based tree ensemble feature transformation method (Bagging‐TreeEnsembleFT) and boosting‐based tree ensemble feature transformation method (Boosting‐TreeEnsembleFT) are two types of feature transformation methods that we specifically propose to validate their effect. We verify the credit risk prediction performance using the proposed synthetic feature transformation methods on real P2P Lending credit datasets. Empirical analysis demonstrates that tree‐based ensemble feature transformation methods with boosting ensemble strategy achieve better prediction performance on various datasets corresponding to different partitions and class distributions compared to tree‐based ensemble feature transformation methods with bagging ensemble strategy and individuals. Moreover, the proposed synthetic feature transformation method improves the credit risk prediction performance in terms of accuracy, AUC, and F1‐score.
Using various geotechnical techniques for challenging conditions at the West Link project
Authors: Raja Sami Ullah , Landergren Henrik , Thurner Robert 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe city of Gothenburg in western Sweden is currently experiencing the construction of one of the biggest infrastructure projects in the country – The West Link (Västlänken). The West Link is an 8 km double‐track railway project, of which 6 km will be through underground tunnels with two new stations, Haga and Korsvägen, and construction of a bigger Central station. The construction of the project began in May 2018 and the finalization is expected in 2026. The project is split into five different sections which were awarded and are being executed individually. The widely varied geological profile of the area consisting of weak‐to‐very weak clay and silty‐sandy‐gravelly moraine along with challenging local conditions like existing waterways, traffic routes, and buildings requires a range of soil improvements and shoring system solutions suiting the local conditions. Some techniques executed by Keller include dry deep soil mixing (DDSM) to stabilize the quick clay to facilitate excavation, jet grouting for water sealing, excavation support in addition to soil improvement purposes, uplift piles over a flowing river, drilled steel piles at the bottom of excavation pit as foundation support, drilled steel pile wall, and sheet piling. Apart from technical challenges, the West Link has strong focus on adopting sustainable solutions like methods to reduce disposal of wet masses from jet grouting. A team of experts of design and execution from different parts of the world is working together to make it a success story.
Excavation of a tunnel with conventional method in urbanized context – A case study from Line 15 South of Grand Paris Express
Authors: Cavagnet Spencer , Mancinelli Luca , Midali Eric , Diallo Ibrahima 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs part of the Grand Paris Express project, the work package of Metro Line 15 South Lot T2C is situated near Villiers Sur Marne in the south‐eastern outskirts of Paris. It consists in two mechanized tunnels, principal as well as maintenance and storage site lines, respectively 4.7 and 2.2 km long, connected by a shaft approximately 180 m long (O807), 92 m of which is characterized by a traditional tunnel. This article presents the study carried out for the detailed design of the conventional tunnel which is excavated in the Calcaire de Champigny formation, a succession of layers with typical characteristics of a heavily fractured rock mass alternates with marly others, sometimes showing dissolution phenomena due to the presence of gypsum. Due to the urbanized context and the workface planning, a particular construction stage was also foreseen: the lower part of the section has been excavated by tunnel boring machine when the upper was finalized. The discussion is completed with the results of the monitoring activity, designed to check the correct behavior during and after the excavation process.
Design and construction of station caverns – Melbourne Metro Tunnel Project
Authors: Lagger Hannes , Sainsbury David , Sainsbury Bre‐Anne , Storry Roger 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Metro Tunnel Project in Melbourne, Australia, involves the construction of 9 kms of twin rail tunnels and five new underground stations, including the State Library and Town Hall in the City Centre. The stations aim to provide spacious areas measuring around 260 m in length, 30 m in width, and 23 m in height. To address ground conditions, load behaviour, and land constraints, the stations are being built as trinocular form caverns, with a sequential excavation of the central (cavern) tunnel followed by the outer (platform) tunnels. Advanced 3D numerical analyses guided the design of the primary support and permanent linings, with temporary steel columns incorporated into permanent linings for efficiency. Close collaboration and an observational design approach facilitated efficient construction methods and work sequencing. The paper presents insights into the successful design, construction, and verification approaches on aspects of the project.
Prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, drug use, and sexual behaviors among street children in Iran: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Nasiri Naser , Kostoulas Polychronis , Roshanfekr Payam , Kheirkhah Vakilabad Ali Asghar , Khezri Mehrdad , Mirzaei Hossein , Sharifi Ali , Sharifi Hamid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsStreet children face a disproportionately higher risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) due to high‐risk sexual and drug use practices. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of these infections and related risk behaviors among street children in Iran.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Web of Science (ISI), Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar for the English‐language records and Iranian databases, including SID, Magiran, and IRANDOC for the Farsi‐language records up to September 18, 2022. Random effects analysis was used to obtain prevalence estimates for each condition. Homogeneity across included studies was assessed using I2.ResultsWe extracted data from 18 eligible studies, representing 5646 children (83.2% boys), with a mean age of 10.2 (range: 5–18). The prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV were 0.79% (95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 0.0–5.56), 1.97% (95% CI: 1.01–3.19), and 1.88% (95% CI: 0.74–3.46), respectively. The prevalence of lifetime drug use and sexual abuse was 8.32% (95% CI: 4.83–12.62) and 10.18% (95% CI: 3.02–20.67) among street children, respectively.ConclusionThe estimated prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV among street children in Iran was higher than the estimates in the general population. Moreover, drug use and the experience of sexual abuse were prevalent among this population. These findings suggest the need for targeted prevention programs for street children in Iran.
Denosumab and Mortality in a Real-World Setting: A Comparative Study
Authors: Alarkawi Dunia , Tran Thach , Chen Weiwen , March Lyn M , Blyth Fiona M , Blank Robert D , Bliuc Dana , Center Jacqueline R 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Denosumab (Dmab) is increasingly prescribed worldwide. Unlike bisphosphonates (BPs), its effect on mortality has yet to be well explored. This study examined the association between Dmab and all-cause mortality compared with no treatment in subjects with a fracture and BPs in subjects without a fracture. The study population was from the Sax Institute's 45 and Up Study (n = 267,357), a prospective population-based cohort with questionnaire data linked to hospital admissions (Admitted Patients Data Collection [APDC] data were linked by the Centre for Health Record Linkage), medication records (Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme [PBS] provided by Services Australia), and stored securely (secure data access was provided through the Sax Institute's Secure Unified Research Environment [SURE]). The new-user cohort design with propensity-score (PS) matching was implemented. In the fracture cohort, Dmab and oral BP users were matched 1:2 to no treatment (Dmab: 617 women, 154 men; oral BPs: 615 women, 266 men). In the no-fracture cohort, Dmab users were matched 1:1 with oral BPs and zoledronic acid (Zol) users (Dmab:oral BPs: 479 men, 1534 women; Dmab:Zol: 280 men, 625 women). Mortality risk was measured using sex-specific pairwise multivariable Cox models. In the fracture cohort, compared with no treatment, Dmab was associated with 48% lower mortality in women (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.36–0.72) but not in men. Oral BPs were associated with 44% lower mortality in both sexes (women HR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.42–0.77; men HR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.40–0.78). In the no-fracture cohort, compared with BPs, Dmab was associated with 1.5- to 2.5-fold higher mortality than oral BPs (women HR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.13–1.98; men HR = 2.74; 95% CI 1.82–4.11) but similar mortality to Zol. Dmab in women and oral BPs were associated with lower post-fracture mortality than no treatment. However, Dmab users had generally higher mortality than oral BP users in those without fractures. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).