bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coding traumatic brain injury with the abbreviated injury scale following a standardised radiologic template will improve classification of trauma populations
Authors: van Ditshuizen Jan C. , Niemeyer Menco J. S. , Van Lieshout Esther M. M. , Den Hartog Dennis , Visser Jan-Jaap , van Wessem Karlijn J. P. , Verhofstad Michiel H. J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Injury coding with the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) is an important element for benchmarking, trauma registries and research.

Objective
To compare the severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) coding derived from the AIS with or without the use of a standardised radiologic template.

Methods
A retrospective two-centre cohort study including patients aged ≥ 18 years with isolated TBI admitted to an intensive care between 2011 and 2016 was conducted. TBI was re-coded to conform the AIS by coders, and CT-brain imaging was reassessed by a neuro-radiologist following a standardised radiologic template from which AIS codes were derived.

Results
A total of 560 patients were included (median age 57, 37% female). The percentage of MAIS ≥ 4 and major trauma was higher when AIS coding for TBI was derived from a standardised radiologic template vs. coding without (n = 456 (81.4%) and n = 374 (66.8%), p < 0.001; n = 441 (78.8%) and n = 352 (62.9%), p < 0.001, respectively). There was an inter-centre difference in the proportion of MAIS ≥ 4 re-coded without a standardised radiologic template (n = 212 (68.2%) and n = 140 (56.2%), p = 0.004), and no difference when re-coded with the template (n = 251 (80.7%) and n = 190 (76.3%), p = 0.206).

Conclusion
Coding TBI with AIS based on a standardised radiologic template results in fewer missed AIS head codes, more detailed AIS head codes, and more patients classified as ‘major trauma’.

Key Points

Question

Radiologic reports are an important source for injury coding with the abbreviated injury scale (AIS) and are often not sufficiently specific.

Findings

An AIS-based standardised radiologic template for reporting resulted in more detailed AIS head codes and more patients classified as major trauma.

Clinical relevance

Injury coding with the AIS based on a standardised radiologic template will improve exchanging medical information in the acute health care setting and classification of trauma populations.
Gender-specific improvements in cognitive resources
Authors: Krumpolt Marlene , Rahil David , Schumacher Anneke , Sannemann Lucas , Witte Kerstin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Neuroanatomical parameters deteriorate with age and this process varies among individuals. Gender differences in these parameters have been documented but their effects on cognition remain unclear. Physical activity, continuous learning and social interactions are recognized strategies to prevent cognitive decline.

Aim
This study investigated the effects of multidimensional training on selective attention and reaction speed in physically inactive but healthy older adults, exploring gender-specific differences in cognitive abilities.

Material and methods
The study employed a pre-post design and included a 24-week exercise program. A total of 60 participants (30 male, 30 female) aged 65–69 years completed the program, which consisted of 90 min of fitness and 90 min of recreational sports each week. Cognitive performance was assessed using the STROOP (a visual test for selective attention) and reaction time (RT) tests administered through the Vienna Test System.

Results
Significant gender differences were observed. Women were initially slower than men but significantly improved their reaction speed after the training (p < 0.001, d = 1.144). Conversely, men showed significant improvements in controlled and automated actions (p = 0.021, d = 0.5).

Discussion
Multidimensional training enhances cognitive performance in physically inactive older adults. Gender-specific differences in reaction time were confirmed, while differences in other cognitive domains were revealed. The underlying causes of these differences are still unclear, raising the question of whether training programs should be tailored differently for men and women.
Ferroptosis- and stemness inhibition-mediated therapeutic potency of ferrous oxide nanoparticles-diethyldithiocarbamate using a co-spheroid 3D model of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Abu-Serie Marwa M. , Gutiérrez-García Ana K. , Enman Macie , Vaish Utpreksha , Fatima Huma , Dudeja Vikas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease with a high mortality rate and exhibits a limited response to apoptosis-dependent chemotherapeutic drugs (e.g., gemcitabine, Gem). This is mainly attributed to the antioxidant defense system (glutathione and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 1A1), which sustains stemness features of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs)-generated excess stromal proteins. This dense stroma retards drug delivery.

Methods
This study established co-spheroid model consisting of mouse PDAC cell line (KPC) and PSCs (1:5) to accurately investigate the anti-PDAC activity of nanocomplex of ferrous oxide nanoparticles-diethyldithiocarbamate (FeO NPs-DE), compared to Gem, using in vitro and in vivo 3D models.

Results
In vitro and in vivo co-spheroid models demonstrated higher therapeutic efficacy of FeO NPs-DE than Gem. FeO NPs-DE induced selective accumulation of iron-dependent ferroptosis (non-apoptosis)-generated a lethal lipid peroxidation that was potentiated by DE-mediated glutathione and ALDH1A1 suppression. This led to collapse of stemness, as evidenced by down-regulating CSC genes and p-AKT protein expression. Subsequently, gene and/or protein levels of PSC activators (transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, ZEB1, and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase) and stromal proteins (collagen 1A2, smooth muscle actin, fibronectin, and matrix metalloproteinase-9) were suppressed. Moreover, DE of nanocomplex enhanced caspase 3-dependent apoptosis with diminishing the main oncogene, BCL-2.

Conclusions
FeO NPs-DE had a stronger eradicating effect than Gem on primary and metastatic peritoneal PDAC tumors. This nanocomplex-mediated ferroptosis and stemness inhibition provides an effective therapeutic approach for PDAC.
Poromechanical Behavior of a Deep Shale Core for Geological Radioactive Waste Storage
Authors: Braun Philipp , Alavoine Axelle , Ghabezloo Siavash , Delage Pierre , Giger Silvio B. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In the context of deep geological radioactive waste disposal in Switzerland, this study investigates the hydromechanical behavior of Opalinus Clay from a borehole in Northern Switzerland at around 800 m depth. Laboratory experiments include the determination of petrophysical and water retention properties, and hydromechanical tests in a high-pressure isotropic cell. Various loading sequences were conducted on samples saturated under conditions approximating in situ stress. The cyclic drained loading and unloading revealed linear deformation above initial stress and nonlinear volume increases below it, with both reversible (elastic) and inelastic strains exhibiting anisotropy. Inelastic swelling, potentially indicative of damage, was gradual and nonlinear. Main poroelastic properties, drained bulk modulus, pore pressure modulus, and undrained bulk modulus, each with anisotropic strain components were identified. Positive correlations with effective stress were observed for the drained bulk modulus and the pore pressure modulus. The anisotropy ratio of strains perpendicular and parallel to bedding did not show significant effective stress dependency. Very low permeability was observed, at least one order of magnitude lower than measured at other sites, with negligible effective stress dependency. This study enhances the Opalinus Clay database concerning various geomechanical properties and provides direct input properties for a poroelasticity constitutive model, in particular the stress-dependent Biot tangent tensor components

$$b_{ij}$$

b

ij

which are compatible with the Voigt–Reuss–Hill average of the mineral compressibilities, and the unjacketed pore modulus

$$K_\phi$$

K
ϕ

.
Comparison of surgical approaches and outcome for symptomatic pineal cysts: microscopic/endoscopic fenestration vs. stereotactic catheter implantation
Authors: Schmutzer-Sondergeld Michael , Gencer Aylin , Schmidlechner Tristan , Zimmermann Hanna , Niedermeyer Sebastian , Katzendobler Sophie , Stoecklein Veit M. , Liebig Thomas , Schichor Christian , Thon Niklas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Treatment strategies for space-occupying/symptomatic pineal cysts (PC) are still up for debate. In this study we present PC management, outcome data and risk factors for recurrence after surgery, focusing on microscopic/endoscopic procedures vs. stereotactic catheter implantation as alternative treatment concept to permanently drain PC into ventricles/cisterns.

Methods
This monocentric retrospective analysis included clinical data from all consecutive PC patients treated surgically between 2000 and 2022. Postoperative neurological and functional outcomes, along with perioperative complications, as well as time to PC recurrence and MR-morphological data were evaluated.

Results
39 patients (median age 32.6 years, range: 5.1–71.6 years) were analyzed. Main presenting symptoms were headaches, visual impairment, and epileptic seizures. In 18 patients (46.2%) an enlarged ventricular system was preoperatively found with 7 patients (18.0%) suffering from occlusive hydrocephalus. 14 patients underwent microscopic/endosocopic surgery, in 25 cases stereotaxy was preferred. No complication was seen in the microsurgery/endoscopy group compared to one intracystic postoperative bleeding (2.6%) and two CSF leaks (5.1%) after stereotaxy (p = 0.5). Overall, clinical improvement and significant cyst volume reduction (p < 0.0001) was seen in all patients. Recurrent PC were seen in 23.1%, independent of surgical procedure (p = 0.2). In cases of recurrence, TTR was 25.2 ± 31.2 months. Male gender (p = 0.01), longer surgery time (p = 0.03) and preoperatively increased Evans index (EI) (p = 0.007) were significant risk factors for PC recurrence in multivariate analysis.

Conclusion
In patients suffering from PC, microsurgical and stereotactic approaches can improve clinical symptoms at low procedural risk, with equal extent of volume reduction. However, preoperative ventricular enlargement and EI values should be considered for optimal treatment planning to reduce recurrence.
Self-diffusion in fluorite-structured materials
Authors: Chroneos Alexander , Rushton Michael J. D. , Kilner John A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Fluorite-structured materials such as cerium dioxide (ceria or CeO2), zirconium dioxide (zirconia or ZrO2), uranium dioxide (urania or UO2), and thorium dioxide (thoria or ThO2) are technologically important for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and nuclear fuels. As such, they have an important role in the future energy mix, and their properties under a range of pressure and temperature conditions need to be understood. There is significant research effort on the material properties of classic oxide systems, both from an experimental and theoretical perspective, aiming to improve these systems using doping or external parameters such as strain. Here, we briefly review cation and oxygen diffusion in fluorite-structured materials. Emphasis is given on the impact on the diffusion of external parameters such as strain.
Determination of Diffraction Elastic Constants Using the Maximum Entropy Method
Authors: Krause Maximilian , Zürn Michael , Gibmeier Jens , Böhlke Thomas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
X-ray diffraction methods are an established technique to analyze residual stresses in polycrystalline materials. Using diffraction, lattice plane distances are measured, from which residual stresses can be calculated by using diffraction elastic constants which can be inferred from experimental measurements or calculated based on micromechanical model assumptions. We consider two different generalizations of existing micromechanical models for the case of texture-free, i.e. statistically isotropic, single-phase polycrystals. The first is based on the singular approximation method of classical micromechanics, from which existing Voigt, Reuss, Hashin-Shtrikman and self-consistent methods are recovered. The second approach, which is newly proposed in this work, is based on the micromechanical Maximum Entropy Method. Both approaches are applied to the problem of calculating diffraction elastic constants of texture-free cubic polycrystals and are found to be consistent with each other in that case. Full-field FFT simulations are used to validate the analytical models by simulating X-ray diffraction measurements of copper. In the simulative setting, many sources of experimental measurement error are not present, which results in a particularly accurate validation of theoretical bounds and approximations. The first core result of the paper is a formulation of diffraction elastic constants for texture-free polycrystals in terms of the macroscopically measurable effective shear modulus. These diffraction elastic constants can be adapted to the properties of a given material sample. The second core result is the validation of the Maximum Entropy Method for X-ray diffraction stress analysis of texture-free single-phase materials as a preliminary step before extending the method to textured and multi-phase materials.
Multimodal Assessment of Adolescent Coping with Family Conflict Incorporating Video-Mediated Recall Methodology
Authors: Watson Kelly H. , Siciliano Rachel E. , Anderson Allegra S. , Ciriegio Abagail E. , Henry Lauren M. , Gruhn Meredith , Vreeland Allison , Torres Sofia , Kuhn Tarah , Ebert Jon , Compas Bruce E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The strategies adolescents use to cope with stress are key determinants of psychological adjustment. Research has most often utilized questionnaire methods to assess coping, which can be limited by recall bias and broad time frames. This study used a novel application of video-mediated recall methodology to assess adolescent coping during discussion of a family conflict. We examined associations between coping, observed emotions and behavior, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Caregiver-adolescent dyads (N = 89; ages 10 to 15) completed questionnaires on adolescent coping, family conflict, and symptoms of psychopathology. Caregiver-adolescent dyads were videorecorded during a 10-min conflict task. Adolescents then participated in a video-mediated recall procedure to self-report their use of coping strategies while reviewing segments of the conflict task. In addition, video recordings were coded for adolescent emotions and behaviors. Bivariate correlations revealed modest correspondence between questionnaire and recalled reports of in-the-moment adolescent coping strategies. In-the-moment coping was associated with observed and reported emotional and behavioral problems across strategies. In multivariate analyses, questionnaire reports of coping were significantly associated with questionnaire reports of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, while in-the-moment coping responses were uniquely associated with observed emotions and behaviors. Differences in questionnaire and laboratory measures of coping underscore the need for comprehensive assessment to capture the complexity of coping in adolescence and their unique influence on emotions and behaviors and suggest that questionnaire measures may be sufficient to understand associations with global reports of symptoms. The conceptual, methodological, and clinical implications of the present study are discussed.
Predicting Factors in Coping Profiles Among Out-of-Home Care Leavers in Aftercare Services: A Document-Based Bayesian Analysis
Authors: Petäjä Ulla-Kaarina , Terkamo-Moisio Anja , Ryynänen Olli-Pekka , Häggman-Laitila Arja M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Adolescents in aftercare services and transitioning from out-of-home care, also known as care leavers, are more prone to social exclusion, risk behaviors, mental health problems, and lower quality of life compared to adolescents without a history in out-of-home care. These factors have a detrimental effect on their coping. This study was a cross-sectional document analysis which examined Finnish care leavers’ coping profiles and identified health related, educational, and behavioral background factors as well as their combinations predicting those profiles by utilizing Bayesian method. The data comprised information on care leavers that were aftercare services’ clients in one large Finnish city in the Fall 2020 (N = 698). Care leavers were divided into three groups based on the severity of factors affecting their coping: a minority belonged to the “moving on” group (6.7%), the majority (73.4%) to the “survivors” group, and a fifth (19.9%) to the – most problematic – “strugglers” group. Overall, 16 independent health related, educational, and behavioral factors were found to be associated with coping profiles. The most strongly associated variables were alcohol and drug use in personal history as well as during aftercare, and impulsivity. In addition, having access to a student’s social benefits had a protective effect on care leavers’ coping. Therefore, coping is a multifaceted phenomenon, which emphasizes the importance of service development and multiprofessional collaboration. In addition, the factors affecting the coping profile are also interconnected, which emphasizes the significance of further research, including intervention studies, to increase the knowledge of the phenomenon.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Photoluminescence Properties of High and Low-Temperature Dimorphs of Pb2WO5 Glass-Ceramic for Photocatalytic Application
Authors: Abdel-Hameed S. A. M. , Margha Fatma H. , Almasarawi Ola N. , Marzouk M. A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this study, pure Pb2WO5 with its two dimorphs, high temperature (HT) and low temperature (LT) forms, were successfully crystallized via melt-quenching technique in the system PbO. WO3. Al2O3. The influence of adding definite amounts of different transition metal oxides (TMO) such as ZnO, TiO2, CuO, MnO2, and V2O5 on the crystalline structure, optical, and photocatalytic activity were investigated. X-ray diffraction revealed a high degree of crystallization of pure Pb2WO5 in undoped and ZnO, TiO2, CuO, and MnO2 -doped samples. Only the V2O5-doped sample revealed crystallization of PbWO4 beside Pb2WO5. LT- Pb2(WO5) is the preferred isomorph in the undoped and ZnO, TiO2, CuO, and MnO2 -doped samples, while HT- Pb2WO5 is preferred in the V2O5-doped sample. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) depicted an undeveloped rectangular pillar with a crystal size of 400–900 nm. Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) analysis certifies the existence of transition metal in the crystals at the expanse of Pb ions. Photoluminescence measurements under ultraviolet (UV) excitation revealed an emission band at 470 nm for undoped sample and exhibited a series of peaks spanning from 400 nm to 620 nm for doped samples. The International Commission on Illumination (CIE) chromaticity coordinates for all the samples are situated within the blue color region of the chromaticity diagram. The undoped sample displays CIE coordinates at (0.117, 0.091), corresponding to a deep blue hue; while the doped samples are shifted towards the light blue area of the chromaticity diagram. Utilizing ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) diffused reflectance, the optical bandgap energy (Eopt) for all glass-ceramic samples was estimated, revealing values within the semiconductor range (2.52–3.01 eV). Photocatalytic activity, evaluated through methyl orange (MO) degradation under UV light. The undoped sample revealed a higher degradation efficiency (33.7% after 3 h). This study is thus considered a significant step toward the facile synthesis of moderately efficient UV light novel photocatalysts, semiconducting materials, and photoluminescent glass-ceramics.
Do job seekers really understand what managers want in an employee? A between-subjects analysis of perceived graduate attributes
Authors: Timming Andrew R. , Borg Jessica , French Michael T. , Mortensen Karoline 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
There has been increasing interest worldwide on the matter of graduate employability, namely the skills and attributes that render new graduates valuable contributors to the workforce. The extant literature points to a need for a better understanding of desired graduate attributes from different stakeholder perspectives. Using multivariate analysis of covariance, the present study evaluates the extent to which graduate job seekers and managers align in their ratings of 24 graduate attributes. Two distinct samples, one consisting of graduate job seekers (n = 705) and the other consisting of managers (n = 245), were sourced and subsequently merged into a single sample (n = 950), thus enabling between-subjects analyses. The results indicate that job seekers and managers agree on the importance of half of the 24 employability traits. For the remaining half, graduate job seekers both over- and under-estimate how important the attributes are in the eyes of managers. The results have important theoretical contributions to human resource management and practical implications that can benefit job applicants, employers and universities aiming to boost graduate employability.
Feed intake, preferences, in vivo digestibility, and nutritional value of tedera (B. bituminosa var. bituminosa) and maralfalfa (Pennisetum purpureum) in Canary sheep
Authors: Barbera M. , Mendoza-Grimón V. , Espinosa J. , Rodriguez-Ponce E. , Gracia A. , SanJuán E. , Ventura M. R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study evaluated the nutritional value and energy content of tedera (B. bituminosa var. bituminosa) and maralfalfa (Pennisetum purpureum) through analyses of chemical composition, digestibility, intake, and preference trials. Tedera was compared with maralfalfa and alfalfa hay (Medicago sativa). Tedera showed higher crude protein (193 g CP/kg DM) and estimated energy (10.5 MJ DE/kg DM) but lower dry matter (286.3 g DM/kg) and neutral detergent fiber (373 g NDF/kg DM) than both maralfalfa and alfalfa hay. The in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) of tedera was 61.7%, compared to 51.0% for alfalfa hay and 66.3% for maralfalfa. Digestible organic matter (DOM) ranged from 467 g/kg DM in alfalfa hay to 566.4 g/kg DM in tedera. Four Canary sheep with a mean body weight (BW) of 42.2 ± 5.0 kg were used for digestibility and preference trials. The live weights of the sheep were recorded at the start and end of the 12-day trial. Feed offered and refusals were weighed and recorded daily for eight days, while feces were collected for four days to calculate apparent in vivo digestibility. For tedera, the apparent in vivo OM digestibility, estimated digestible energy, and digestible organic matter were 69.4%, 11.8 MJ/kg DM, and 637.7 g/kg DM, respectively. Preference and feed intake were compared between tedera, maralfalfa and alfalfa hay. Total DM consumption was 1091.3 g/day (tedera + maralfalfa + alfalfa hay), with alfalfa hay intake representing 40.8%, maralfalfa 37.3%, and tedera 21.9% of the total DM consumed. However, no significant differences were observed in the ratio of forages consumed/offered (44.8% for tedera and 51.8% for maralfalfa) or in the total grams of DM, CP, and MJ/kg of DE consumed by the sheep with both forages. The sheep adopted different feeding strategies in response to the chemical composition and nutritive value of the forages. Preferences and intake in this trial were associated with high NDF content in maralfalfa and alfalfa hay and with the high CP content in tedera rather than digestibility results. This may be due to the complementarity of the three forages and the higher CP content in tedera affecting intake. Nevertheless, tedera and marafalfa could be a good forage considering its nutritive value, digestibility, and proven growth performance in herbivores.