bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achieving High Initial Coulombic Efficiency and Capacity in a Surface Chemical Grafting Layer of Plateau‐type Sodium Titanate
Authors: Zhang Yanlei , Li Linwei , Wang Feng , Wang Huicai , Jiang Zhenming , Lin Zhimin , Bai Zhengshuai , Jiang Yinzhu , Zhang Yanyan , Chen Binmeng , Tang Yuxin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe plateau‐type sodium titanate with suitable sodiation potential is a promising anode candidate for high safe and high energy density of sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). However, the poor initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) and cyclic instability of sodium titanate are attributed to the unstable interfacial structure along with the decomposition of electrolytes, resulting in the continuous formation of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film. To address this issue, a chemical grafting method is developed to fabricate a highly stable interface layer of inert Al2O3 on the sodium titanate anode, rendering the high ICE and excellent cycling stability. Based on theoretical calculations, NaPF6 are more likely adsorption on the Al2O3 surface and produce sodium fluoride. The formation of a thin and dense SEI film with rich sodium fluoride achieves the low interfacial resistances and charge‐transfer resistances. Benefitting from our design, the obtained sodium titanate exhibits a high ICE from 67.7 % to 79.4 % and an enhanced reversible capacity from 151 mAh g−1 to 181 mAh g−1 at 20 mA g−1, along with an increase in capacity retention from 56.5 % to 80.6 % after 500 cycles. This work heralds a promising paradigm for rational regulation of interfacial stability to achieve high‐performance anodes for SIBs.
Poison in the water: Arsenic's silent assault on fish health
Authors: Chandel Meenakshi , Sharma Amit Kumar , Thakur Kushal , Sharma Dixit , Brar Bhavna , Mahajan Danish , Kumari Hishani , Pankaj Pranay Punj , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractArsenic occurs across the world in freshwater and marine environments, menacing the survival of aquatic organisms. Organic and inorganic forms of this substance can be found, in which the inorganic form is more hazardous than the organic form. Most aquatic bodies contain inorganic arsenic species, but organic species are believed to be the dominant form of arsenic in the majority of fish. Natural and anthropogenic both are the sources of water contamination with arsenic. Its bioaccumulation and transfer from one trophic level to another in the aquatic food chain make arsenic a vital environmental issue. Continuous exposure to low concentrations of arsenic in aquatic organisms including fish leads to its bioaccumulation, which may affect organisms of higher trophic levels including large fishes or humans. Humans can be exposed to arsenic through the consumption of fish contaminated with arsenic. Hence, the present review facilitates our understanding about sources of arsenic, its bioaccumulation, food chain transfer, and its effect on the fish health. Also, “Poison in the Water: Arsenic's Silent Assault on Fish Health” serves as a wake‐up call to recognize the pressing need to address arsenic contamination in water bodies. By understanding its devastating impact on fish health, we can strive to implement sustainable practices and policies that safeguard our precious aquatic environments and ensure the well‐being of both wildlife and human communities that depend on them.
Fragility or habitualized corporate behavior? Corporate and macroeconomic determinants of debt dollarization: Evidence from Turkey
Authors: Doruk Ömer Tuğsal 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study examines the firm‐level and macroeconomic‐level determinants of debt dollarization, which is a critical vulnerability for a key emerging market: Turkey. The study examines the firm‐level and macroeconomic determinants of debt dollarization between 2005 and 2017 using the generalized method of moments and the panel vector autoregressive method, both of which are highly innovative. The results show that manufacturing firms tend to dollarize debt, while macroeconomic variables such as the real exchange rate, inflation, and credit expansion significantly affect debt dollarization. Moreover, debt dollarization was found to be a habit of manufacturing firms in the Turkish economy.
Using Bayesian optimization for warpage compensation in injection molding
Authors: Tillmann S. , Behr M. , Elgeti S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn injection molding, shrinkage and warpage lead to a deformation of the produced parts with respect to the cavity shape. One method to mitigate this effect is to adapt the cavity shape to the expected deformation. This deformation can be determined using appropriate simulation models, which then also serve as a basis for determining the optimal cavity shape. Shape optimization usually requires a sequence of forward simulations, which can be computationally expensive. To reduce this computational cost, we use Bayesian optimization which uses Gaussian process regression as a reduced order model. Additionally, Gaussian process regression has the benefit that it allows to account for uncertainty in the model parameters and thus provides a means to investigate their influence on the optimization result. We present a Gaussian process regression trained with samples from a finite‐element solid‐body model. It predicts the deformation of the product after solidification and, together with Bayesian optimization, allows for efficient cavity optimization.
Influence of cooling path on solidification morphology and hot tearing susceptibility of an Al−Cu−Fe−Mg−Si alloy
Authors: Zhou B. , Apel M. , Eiken J. , Berger R. , Gor S. , Wolff N. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this work, a numerical approach is applied to study the impact of local cooling conditions on the hot tearing in an aluminium‐copper alloy with iron, magnesium and silicon as impurities. At first, CALPHAD‐coupled multicomponent and multiphase‐field simulations were performed to elucidate the effect of cooling conditions on solidification morphology in the final, critical stage of solidification. Then, the evolution of the melt flow permeability is derived from the simulated three‐dimensional microstructures and discussed in the context of the Rappaz‐Drezet‐Gremaud criterion for hot tearing susceptibility. With increasing cooling rates, the microstructure becomes finer and the resulting permeability first increases and then saturates within the investigated range. It is shown that the Rappaz‐Drezet‐Gremaud hot‐tearing criterion in combination with microstructure simulations responds to different cooling conditions in contrast to a Scheil‐Gulliver based model or an evaluation of the average Kou‐index.
First‐principle screening of corrosion resistant solutes (Al, Zn, Y, Ce, and Mn) in Mg alloys for Integrated Computational Materials Engineering guided stainless Mg design
Authors: Yang Zhihao , Wang Junsheng , Zhang Chi , Wang Shuo , Xue Chengpeng , Tian Guangyuan , Su Hui , Yan Chengming , Yan Zhifei , Tian Yingchun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMg alloy suffers from its poor corrosion resistance as a result of anodic dissolution of Mg and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in humid environments. In this study, the effects of alloying elements (Al, Zn, Y, Ce, and Mn) on both processes in Mg alloys have been quantitatively predicted. Using first‐principle calculations, we first obtained the substitution energies of alloying elements to compare their segregation preference, and then analyzed the influence of solutes at different layers on the stability and hydrogen adsorption properties of Mg(0001) surface by calculating the formation enthalpy, surface energy, vacancy formation energy, work function, Bader charge, deformation charge density, and adsorption free energy of H atom. It has been found that, on the one hand, the interior Mn solute atoms reduce the dissolution of Mg atoms and the transfer of electrons, consequently slowing down the anodic dissolution process. On another hand, the Mn, Y, and Ce elements on the surface inhibit the cathodic HER process by elevating the absolute value of hydrogen adsorption free energy, as a result of those solutes effectively controlling H adsorption behavior on Mg(0001) surface. In contrast, all five elements dissolved inside the Mg grain do not show significant effects on the H adsorption behavior.
Functional activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase in human brain using hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate
Authors: Zaidi Maheen , Ma Junjie , Thomas Binu P. , Peña Salvador , Harrison Crystal E. , Chen Jun , Lin Sung‐Han , Derner Kelley A. , Baxter Jeannie D. , Liticker Jeff , Malloy Craig R. , Bartnik‐Olson Brenda , Park Jae Mo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposePyruvate, produced from either glucose, glycogen, or lactate, is the dominant precursor of cerebral oxidative metabolism. Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) flux is a direct measure of cerebral mitochondrial function and metabolism. Detection of [13C]bicarbonate in the brain from hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate using carbon‐13 (13C) MRI provides a unique opportunity for assessing PDH flux in vivo. This study is to assess changes in cerebral PDH flux in response to visual stimuli using in vivo 13C MRS with hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate.MethodsFrom seven sedentary adults in good general health, time‐resolved [13C]bicarbonate production was measured in the brain using 90° flip angles with minimal perturbation of its precursors, [1‐13C]pyruvate and [1‐13C]lactate, to test the hypothesis that the appearance of [13C]bicarbonate signals in the brain reflects the metabolic changes associated with neuronal activation. With a separate group of healthy participants (n = 3), the likelihood of the bolus‐injected [1‐13C]pyruvate being converted to [1‐13C]lactate prior to decarboxylation was investigated by measuring [13C]bicarbonate production with and without [1‐13C]lactate saturation.ResultsIn the course of visual stimulation, the measured [13C]bicarbonate signal normalized to the total 13C signal in the visual cortex increased by 17.1% ± 15.9% (p = 0.017), whereas no significant change was detected in [1‐13C]lactate. Proton BOLD fMRI confirmed the regional activation in the visual cortex with the stimuli. Lactate saturation decreased bicarbonate‐to‐pyruvate ratio by 44.4% ± 9.3% (p < 0.01).ConclusionWe demonstrated the utility of 13C MRS with hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate for assessing the activation of cerebral PDH flux via the detection of [13C]bicarbonate production.
Matching it up: Non‐standard work and job satisfaction
Authors: Bech‐Wysocka Katarzyna , Smyk Magdalena , Tyrowicz Joanna , van der Velde Lucas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe study the link between working arrangements and job satisfaction and provide novel insights on the (mis)match between preferred and actual working arrangements. We propose an empirical strategy to identify this mismatch at an individual level and apply this approach to data from the European Working Conditions Survey. We demonstrate that the extent of mismatch differs across European countries, and reducing the mismatch between working arrangements and workers could substantially boost overall job satisfaction. We find that the non‐standard working arrangements are less frequently mismatched among women and parents. Overall, one‐size‐fits‐all policies to deregulate or curb non‐standard working arrangements are not likely to maximize job satisfaction across Europe.
Semi‐supervised learning methods for weed detection in turf
Authors: Liu Teng , Zhai Danlan , He Feiyu , Yu Jialin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDAccurate weed detection is a prerequisite for precise automatic precision herbicide application. Previous research has adopted the laborious and time‐consuming approach of manually labeling and processing large image data sets to develop deep neural networks for weed detection. This research introduces a novel semi‐supervised learning (SSL) approach for detecting weeds in turf. The performance of SSL was compared with that of ResNet50, a fully supervised learning (FSL) method, in detecting and differentiating sub‐images containing weeds from those containing only turfgrass.RESULTSCompared with ResNet50, the evaluated SSL methods, Π‐model, Mean Teacher, and FixMatch, increased the classification accuracy by 2.8%, 0.7%, and 3.9%, respectively, when only 100 labeled images per class were utilized. FixMatch was the most efficient and reliable model, as it exhibited higher accuracy (≥0.9530) and F1 scores (≥0.951) with fewer labeled data (50 per class) in the validation and testing data sets than the other neural networks evaluated.CONCLUSIONThese results reveal that the SSL deep neural networks are capable of being highly accurate while requiring fewer labeled training images, thus being more time‐ and labor‐efficient than the FSL method. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
On Hurwitz stability for families of polynomials
Authors: Oaxaca‐Adams Guillermo , Villafuerte‐Segura Raúl , Aguirre‐Hernández Baltazar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe robustness of a linear system in the view of parametric variations requires a stability analysis of a family of polynomials. If the parameters vary in a compact set , then obtaining necessary and sufficient conditions to determine stability of the family is one of the most important tasks in the field of robust control. Three interesting classes of families arise when is a diamond, a box or a ball of dimension . These families will be denoted by , , and , respectively. In this article, a study is presented to contribute to the understanding of Hurwitz stability of families of polynomials . As a result of this study and the use of classical results found in the literature, it is shown the existence of an extremal polynomial whose stability determines the stability of the entire family . In this case comes from minimizing determinants and in some cases coincides with a Kharitonov's polynomial. Thus another extremal property of Kharitonov's polynomials has been found. To illustrate our approach, it is applied to families such as , , and with . The study is also used to obtain the maximum robustness of the parameters of a polynomial. To exemplify the proposed results, first, a family is taken from the literature to compare and corroborate the effectiveness and the advantage of our perspective. Followed by two examples where the maximum robustness of the parameters of polynomials of degree 3 and 4 are obtained. Lastly, a family is proposed whose extreme polynomial is not necessarily a Kharitonov's polynomial. Finally, a family is used to exemplify that if the boundary of is given by a polynomial equation in several variables, the number of candidates to be an extremal polynomial is finite.
Assembling the Geographic Information Market in the United States
Authors: Alvarez León Luis F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines the construction of the geographic information market in the United States. The focus is on two key building blocks in this process: (1) the development of (legal and technical) interoperability in the collection and dissemination of geographic information, and (2) the construction of Intellectual Property (IP) regimes. These elements are explored in the context of the institutional configuration between government, the private sector, and the public. This configuration, which in the United States bounds the role of government as a producer of geographic information and limits its actions in the market, creates suitable conditions for the continued production of geographic information as input to a growing market, as well as its consumption, circulation, transformation, and use by government agencies, private firms, and the broader public. Lastly, the chapter characterizes the geographic information market in the United States as relying on the legally delimitated role of the Federal Government as a de jure producer of informational inputs that foster the development of secondary applications in addition to fulfilling its primary mission of public information. Understanding the institutional, legal, and technical dimensions of the geographic information market will enable a clearer analysis of the linkages, transactions, and logics between government agencies, private firms, and civil society groups in the production of value through geographic information and other informational resources. More generally, the author argues that identifying the interplay between specific institutional environments, governing legal frameworks, and processes of technological innovation and knowledge generation is essential to studying, governing, and regulating informational markets in the digital economy.
Vergleich von Patientenbewertungen auf Online-Portalen untereinander und mit Qualitätsberichten der Krankenhäuser und der Qualitätssicherung mit Routinedaten
Authors: Leitsmann Conrad , Kahlmeier Loraine , Lampe Paul-Oliver , Groeben Christer , Baunacke Martin , Huber Johannes , Trojan Lutz , Uhlig Johannes , Leitsmann Marianne , Uhlig Annemarie ,   Arbeitsgruppe „Versorgungsforschung & Digital health“ der GeSRU Academics,   Arbeitskreis „Versorgungsforschung, Qualität und Ökonomie“ der DGU e. V.
Published: January 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Patientenperspektive gewinnt neben objektivierbarer Behandlungsqualität zunehmend an Relevanz.

Ziel der Arbeit
Darstellung verfügbarer Krankenhausportale im Hinblick auf Patientenbewertungen (PaBew) und deren Vergleich mit Daten der Qualitätsberichte der Krankenhäuser und der Qualitätssicherung mit Routinedaten (QSR) für urologische Fachabteilungen.

Methoden
Nach einer strukturierten Online-Recherche nach Bewertungsportalen wurden eingeschlossene Portale untereinander verglichen: PaBew der 10 urologischen Fachabteilungen mit den höchsten Eingriffszahlen im Jahr 2021 wurden mittels „generalized estimated equations“ verglichen. Für die radikale Prostatektomie (RPE) wurde ein quantitativer Vergleich von PaBew („klinikbewertungen.de“) und Bewertungen anhand von QSR-Daten durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse
Die Online-Recherche ergab 1845 Treffer, 25 Portale wurden analysiert. Der Vergleich ergab je nach Portal signifikant unterschiedliche PaBew derselben Fachabteilung (jeweils p < 0,001). PaBew und QSR-Daten des „AOK-Gesundheitsnavigators“ zeigten keine signifikante Korrelation. Ein interner Vergleich von QSR-Daten und PaBew aus dem AOK-Gesundheitsnavigator zur RPE zeigte eine signifikante negative Korrelation zwischen Gesamtbewertung und ungeplanten Folgeoperationen (r = −0,81) bzw. sonstigen Komplikationen (r = −0,91). Keine signifikante Korrelation zeigte sich mit der Weiterempfehlungsrate durch Patienten.

Schlussfolgerung
Auf Online-Bewertungsportalen von Krankenhäusern besteht erhebliche Heterogenität bezüglich Patientenbewertungen derselben Fachabteilung je nach verwendetem Portal. Zudem scheint anhand der ausgewählten Beispiele weder eine Korrelation von subjektiven und objektiven Bewertungen zwischen verschiedenen Portalen noch innerhalb eines Portals vorzuliegen.
Genetik und genetische Diagnostik fokaler Epilepsien des Kindesalters – Was? Wann? Warum?
Authors: Krey Ilona , Lemke Johannes R. , von Spiczak Sarah 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungSelbstlimitierende fokale Epilepsien gehören zu den häufigsten Epilepsieformen im Kindesalter. Basierend auf Familienstudien für die Epilepsie wie auch das typische Elektroenzephalogramm (EEG-)Merkmal der „centrotemporal spikes“ wird eine genetische Grundlage angenommen, wobei von einer komplexen Vererbung sowie möglicherweise zusätzlichen Einflussfaktoren ausgegangen werden muss. Varianten inGRIN2A, kodierend für die GluN2A-Untereinheit des NMDA-Glutamat-Rezeptors (N-Methyl-D-Aspartat), stellen den bisher wichtigsten genetischen Risikofaktor da. Mit Memantin für Varianten mit Gain-of-function-Effekt und L‑Serin für Loss-of-function-Varianten stehen potenziell zwei personalisierte Therapieansätze zur Verfügung, deren Wirksamkeit und Bedeutung in weiteren Untersuchungen und Therapiestudien zu klären ist.
Formation of magnetic nanoclusters in Fe implanted amorphous and crystalline SiO2
Authors: Bharuth-Ram K. , Ronning C. , Hofsäss H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConversion electron Mössbauer Spectroscopy (CEMS) studies have been conducted on Fe implanted amorphous and crystalline SiO2 which were annealed in air up to a temperature of 1000oC. For both samples, dramatic changes set in after the 1000oC anneal and the CEM spectra are dominated by strong ferromagnetic sextets. In the amorphous sample, the sextet is characterized by magnetic hyperfine fields of 33T, 31T and 29 T, consistent with the formation α-Fe nanoclusters. In the crystalline sample the ferromagnetic sextet has spectral parameters of δ = 0.38(3) mm/s and Bhf = 52.3T, consistent with formation of α-Fe2O3 clusters, reflecting the precipitation of the implanted Fe into such clusters. The line ratios of lines 1, 2 and 3 (and 6, 5 and 4) of the sextet are 3:4:1, reflecting alignment of the magnetic moment of the precipitates normal to the c-axis of the sample surface.
Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms: Experience with a Medical Device Made of Natural Substances
Authors: Corazziari Enrico Stefano , Ribichini Emanuela 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose of review
Medical devices made of substances are widely used in clinical practice, but they are considered to have less therapeutic efficacy than pharmacological agents. In this narrative review, we report a recent RCT experience of a medical device made of natural substances (Poliprotect) that proved as effective as the standard reference treatment.
The RCT addressed three questions: (1) Is Poliprotect useful in the initial treatment of heartburn and epigastric pain/burning as an alternative to the reference standard therapy with PPI, (2) is Poliprotect useful in the medium-term treatment of heartburn and epigastric pain/burning, and (3) is Poliprotect useful in the deprescribing phase of PPI?

Recent findings
Firstly, Poliprotect proved non-inferior to omeprazole for symptom relief in confirmed upper endoscopic negativity; secondly, the benefit remained unaltered after shifting to on-demand intake, with no gut microbiota variation; and thirdly, Poliprotect can be used to deprescribe the PPI treatment, avoiding the symptomatic worsening that accompanies the hyper secretive gastric acid rebound effect.

Summary
A medical device made of natural substances can be as effective as a pharmacological agent in the therapy of upper gastrointestinal symptoms in endoscopy-negative patients. Poliprotect effect started from the first day of treatment to improve in the following 2 weeks and to be maintained unaltered in the following 4 weeks with on-demand regimen. Finally, this medical device of natural substances showed high safety without affecting the gut microbiota.