bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Event‐triggered model reference adaptive control system design for SISO plants using meta‐learning‐based physics‐informed neural networks without labeled data and transfer learning
Authors: Duanyai Worrawat , Song Weon Keun , Konghuayrob Poom , Parnichkun Manukid 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThis paper examines the controllability of a novel Lyapunov‐based model reference adaptive control (MRAC) system designed with a meta‐learning‐based physics‐informed neural network (MLPINN) for linear and nonlinear single‐input and single‐output (SISO) plants without labeled data (MLPINN‐MRAC system). It is devised with the benefits of several techniques: the integration of the identification process in a training mode into an online control mode (straightforward design); no labeled data generation for online identification by a physics‐informed neural network; the prevention of degradation in tracking performance by meta‐learning, as the system triggers a meta‐learning process only when an error threshold detects the deterioration (high efficiency and the reduction of computation cost); quick adaptation to new inputs and an updated control input for each sub‐time span by transfer learning. It is worth noting that the frequency of the meta‐learning event detection significantly affects the step response stability of the nonlinear plant. To achieve a better quality of the stabilization, more frequent event detection is necessary for both beginning and end intervals in control. Sixteen triggering events are enough to shape the acceptable step response of the nonlinear plant, and 44 triggering events achieve the plant's desired step response with its minor modeling error. While, as for the linear plant, a single triggering event is sufficient to attain its tolerable step response and modeling error, implying that intensive event detection is not critical in the identification. It is obvious that the MLPINN‐MRAC system functions well and is more beneficial and efficient for the nonlinear plant.
Hybrid Co‐Spinning and Melt Electrowriting Approach Enables Fabrication of Heterotypic Tubular Scaffolds Resembling the Non‐Linear Mechanical Properties of Human Blood Vessels
Authors: Bartolf‐Kopp Michael , de Silva Leanne , Rosenberg Antoine J. W. P. , Groll Jürgen , Gawlitta Debby , Jungst Tomasz 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe current barrier to clinical translation of small‐caliber tissue‐engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) is the long‐term patency upon implantation in vivo. Key contributors are thrombosis and stenosis caused by inadequate mechanical graft properties and mismatch of hemodynamic conditions. Herein, the authors report on an approach for the fabrication of a mechanically tunable bilayered composite TEVGs. Using a combination of solution electrospinning (SES) and melt electrowriting (MEW), it is shown that the mechanical properties can be tailored and the natural J‐shape of the stress–strain relationship can be recapitulated. Upon cell seeding, the luminal surface of the composite SES layers permits the formation of a confluent mature endothelium. MEW fibers provide structural support to promote stacking and orientation of MSCs in a near‐circumferential native vessel like direction. By adjusting the ratios of poly(ε‐caprolactone) and poly(ester‐urethane) during the SES process, TEVGs with a range of tunable mechanical properties can be manufactured. Notably, this hybrid approach permits modulation of the radial tensile properties of TEVGs to approximate different native vessels. Overall, a strategy for the fabrication of TEVGs with mechanical properties resembling those of native vessels which can help to accommodate long‐term patency of TEVGs at various treatment sites in future applications is demonstrated.
Surface Enrichment in Gallium‐Indium Liquid Alloys: Applied to CO2 Conversion
Authors: Gholampoursaadi Fahimeh , Zhi Xing , Nour Shirin , Liu Jefferson Zhe , Li Gang Kevin , Mayyas Mohannad 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLiquid metal alloys can accumulate specific solute metal atoms on their surface, creating distinct quasi‐ordered atomic layers. Such atomic layers can be tuned by varying the alloy composition to form catalytic interfaces suited for multi‐step reactions. Here, the surface enrichment in gallium‐indium alloys is studied and utilized for carbon dioxide (CO2) electrochemical reduction. The results show that adding a small amount of indium (16.8 at%) to gallium leads to a significant indium enrichment of >83 at% on the topmost layer of the alloy. This enrichment dictates the CO2 conversion pathway, leading to 98% faradaic efficiency toward formate at −1.90 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). This study produces unprecedented insights into key interfacial processes and lays the foundation for significant further work within the areas of catalysis and liquid metals.
Tailoring Ultra‐Wide Visible‐NIR Luminescence by Ce3+/Cr3+/Yb3+‐alloying Sc‐Based Oxides for Multifunctional Optical Applications
Authors: Zhang Min , Dang Peipei , Wan Yujia , Wang Yingsheng , Zeng Zixun , Liu Dongjie , Zhang Qianqian , Li Guogang , Lin Jun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVisible‐to‐near‐infrared (VIS‐NIR) luminescent materials are in great demand in the field of non‐destructive testing such as component determination and hyperspectral imaging. Although Cr3+‐activated phosphors are widely reported, controllable tailoring ultra‐wide VIS‐NIR luminescence excited by blue light is still a challenge. The strategies of cationic substitution and energy transfers are effective for adjusting the luminescence of Cr3+‐activated phosphors. In this work, a series of Cr3+‐doped Sc‐based solid solution phosphors (Ba3‐mSrmSc4O9:Cr3+) are reported. Under the excitation of blue light, these phosphors exhibit broadband emission due to the different luminescence centers induced by Cr3+ occupying different cationic sites. Because of the weaker crystal field strength, Cr3+ realizes a broadband emission with a longer peak position (λem = 820 nm) and broader full width at half maximum (FWHM≈182 nm) in Ba2SrSc4O9. Furthermore, Ce3+/Yb3+ ions are introduced into Ba2SrSc4O9:Cr3+, achieving an ultra‐wide VIS‐NIR luminescence (460–1200 nm) by the Ce3+→Cr3+→Yb3+ multiple energy transfers. Designing energy transfers is beneficial to improve the quantum efficiency and weaken the thermal quenching. Finally, the NIR phosphor‐converted light‐emitting diode (pc‐LED) fabricated by Ba2SrSc4O9:Cr3+ demonstrates great potential in night‐vision and water component detection. This work provides an effective design idea for controllable tailoring ultra‐wide VIS‐NIR luminescence by chemical substitution and energy transfer.
Enhancing Stability and Efficacy of Trichoderma Bio‐Control Agents Through Layer‐by‐Layer Encapsulation for Sustainable Plant Protection
Authors: Løvschall Kaja Borup , Velasquez Sara T. R. , Kowalska Beata , Ptaszek Magdalena , Jarecka Anna , Szczech Magdalena , Wurm Frederik R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAgricultural fungicide pollution poses a significant environmental challenge and causes adverse effects on human health. Therefore, strategies to limit fungicide usage are of paramount importance. Trichoderma fungi, due to their antagonistic activity against various pathogenic fungi, have shown potential as a sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides. However, bio‐control agents like Trichoderma are vulnerable to physical stimuli and show diminished efficacy during prolonged storage. To address these challenges, a mild and scalable encapsulation method for Trichoderma spores is introduced, employing a layer‐by‐layer (LbL) approach using biobased lignin derivatives. It is demonstrated that the LbL encapsulation technique significantly improved spore stability relative to naked spores, even under adverse conditions including extreme temperatures and prolonged exposure to Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Notably, encapsulated Trichoderma spores showed enhanced efficacy in cultivating tomato plants compared to naked spores. Additionally, the findings revealed that the in planta efficacy of encapsulated spores is dependent on the specific Trichoderma strain used. This study suggests that Trichoderma spores encapsulated with lignin through the LbL approach, are a promising and sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides with potential for commercialization.
Proximity Sensing Electronic Skin: Principles, Characteristics, and Applications
Authors: Wu Bingwei , Jiang Ting , Yu Zhongxiang , Zhou Qihui , Jiao Jian , Jin Ming Liang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe research on proximity sensing electronic skin has garnered significant attention. This electronic skin technology enables detection without physical contact and holds vast application prospects in areas such as human‐robot collaboration, human‐machine interfaces, and remote monitoring. Especially in the context of the spread of infectious diseases like COVID‐19, there is a pressing need for non‐contact detection to ensure safe and hygienic operations. This article comprehensively reviews the significant advancements in the field of proximity sensing electronic skin technology in recent years. It covers the principles, as well as single‐type proximity sensors with characteristics such as a large area, multifunctionality, strain, and self‐healing capabilities. Additionally, it delves into the research progress of dual‐type proximity sensors. Furthermore, the article places a special emphasis on the widespread applications of flexible proximity sensors in human‐robot collaboration, human‐machine interfaces, and remote monitoring, highlighting their importance and potential value across various domains. Finally, the paper provides insights into future advancements in flexible proximity sensor technology.
High‐Reproducibility Layer‐by‐Layer Non‐Fullerene Organic Photovoltaics with 19.18% Efficiency Enabled by Vacuum‐Assisted Molecular Drift Treatment
Authors: Xie Yongchao , Zhou Chunyu , Ma Xiaoling , Jeong Sang Young , Woo Han Young , Huang Fulong , Yang Yiyi , Yu Haomiao , Li Jinpeng , Zhang Fujun , Wang Kai , Zhu Xixiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe thin film deposition engineering of layer‐by‐layer (LbL) non‐fullerene organic solar cells (OSCs) favors vertical phase distributions of donor:acceptor (D:A), effectively boosting the power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, previous deposition strategies mainly aimed at optimizing the morphology of LbL films, and paid limited attention to the reproducibility of device performance. To achieve high device performance and maintain reproducibility, a strategy for hierarchical morphology manipulation in LbL OSCs is developed. A series of LbL devices are fabricated by introducing vacuum‐assisted molecular drift treatment (VMDT) to the donor or acceptor layer individually or simultaneously to elucidate the functionalities of this treatment. Essentially, the VMDT provides an extended drift driving force to manipulate the donor and acceptor molecules, resulting in a well‐defined vertical phase distribution and ordered molecular packing. These enhancements facilitate improvement in the D:A interface area and charge transport channel, ultimately contributing to impressive PCEs of 19.18% from 18.27% in the LbL devices. More importantly, using VMDT overcomes the notorious batch‐dependent and heat treatment degradation issues of OSCs, leading to excellent batch‐to‐batch reproducibility and enhanced stability of the devices. This reported method provides a promising strategy available for industrial and laboratory use to controllably manipulate the morphology of LbL OSCs.
Scientific activism to protect the world's primates and their environments from extinction: Introduction to the special issue
Authors: Garber Paul A. , Dolins Francine , Lappan Susan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNonhuman primates and their habitats are facing an impending extinction crisis. Approximately 69% of primate species are listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as threatened and 93% have declining populations. Human population growth (expected to reach 10.9 billion by the year 2100), the unsustainable demands of a small number of consumer nations for forest‐risk commodities, deforestation and habitat conversion, the expansion of roads and rail networks, cattle ranching, the hunting and trapping of wild primate populations, and the potential spread of infectious diseases are among the primary drivers of primate population decline. Climate change will only exacerbate the current situation. The time to act to protect primate populations is now! In this special issue of the American Journal of Primatology, we present a series of commentaries, formulated as “Action Letters.” These are designed to educate and inform primatologists, conservation biologists, wildlife ecologists, political leaders, and global citizens about the conservation challenges faced by particular primate taxa and particular world regions, and present examples of specific actions that one can take, individually and collectively, to promote the persistence of wild primate populations and environmental justice for local human populations and impacted ecological communities. As scientists, researchers, and educators, primatologists are in a unique position to lead local, national, and international efforts to protect biodiversity. In this special issue, we focus on primates of the Brazilian Amazon, lemurs of northeast Madagascar, Temminck's red colobus monkey (Piliocolobus badius temminckii), night monkeys (Aotus spp.), long‐tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis), the primate pet trade, and professional capacity building to foster conservation awareness and action. We encourage primatologists, regardless of their research focus, to engage in both advocacy and activism to protect wild primate populations worldwide.
Cross‐national comparisons of later‐life cognitive function using data from the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP): Considerations and recommended best practices
Authors: Kobayashi Lindsay C. , Jones Richard N. , Briceño Emily M. , Rentería Miguel Arce , Zhang Yuan , Meijer Erik , Langa Kenneth M. , Lee Jinkook , Gross Alden L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP) is a major innovation that provides, for the first time, harmonized data for cross‐national comparisons of later‐life cognitive functions that are sensitive to linguistic, cultural, and educational differences across countries. However, cognitive function does not lend itself to direct comparison across diverse populations without careful consideration of the best practices for such comparisons. This perspective discusses theoretical and methodological considerations and offers a set of recommended best practices for conducting cross‐national comparisons of risk factor associations using HCAP data. Because existing and planned HCAP studies provide cognition data representing an estimated 75% of the global population ≥65 years of age, these recommended best practices will support high‐quality comparative analyses of cognitive aging around the world. The principles described in this perspective are applicable to any researcher aiming to integrate or compare harmonized data on cognitive outcomes and their risk and protective factors across diverse populations.
Metal–Phenolic‐Mediated Assembly of Functional Small Molecules into Nanoparticles: Assembly and Bioapplications
Authors: Chen Jingqu , Cortez‐Jugo Christina , Kim Chan‐Jin , Lin Zhixing , Wang Tianzheng , De Rose Robert , Xu Wanjun , Wang Zhaoran , Gu Yuang , Caruso Frank 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSmall molecules, including therapeutic drugs and tracer molecules, play a vital role in biological processing, disease treatment and diagnosis, and have inspired various nanobiotechnology approaches to realize their biological function, particularly in drug delivery. Desirable features of a delivery system for functional small molecules (FSMs) include high biocompatibility, high loading capacity, and simple manufacturing processes, without the need for chemical modification of the FSM itself. Herein, we report a simple and versatile approach, based on metal–phenolic‐mediated assembly, for assembling FSMs into nanoparticles (i.e., FSM‐MPN NPs) under aqueous and ambient conditions. We demonstrate loading of anticancer drugs, latency reversal agents, and fluorophores at up to ~80 % that is mostly facilitated by π and hydrophobic interactions between the FSM and nanoparticle components. Secondary nanoparticle engineering involving coating with a polyphenol–antibody thin film or sequential co‐loading of multiple FSMs enables cancer cell targeting and combination delivery, respectively. Incorporating fluorophores into FSM‐MPN NPs enables the visualization of biodistribution at different time points, revealing that most of these NPs are retained in the kidney and heart 24 h post intravenous administration. This work provides a viable pathway for the rational design of small molecule nanoparticle delivery platforms for diverse biological applications.
Boosting the π‐Acceptor Property of Mesoionic Carbenes by Carbonylation with Carbon Monoxide
Authors: Merschel Arne , Vishnevskiy Yury V. , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Ghadwal Rajendra S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe report the room temperature dimerization of carbon monoxide mediated by C4/C5‐vicinal anionic dicarbenes Li(ADC) (ADC = ArC{(Dipp)NC}2; Dipp = 2,6‐iPr2C6H3; Ar = Ph, DMP (4‐Me2NC6H4), Bp (4‐PhC6H4)) to yield (E)‐ethene‐1,2‐bis(olate) (i.e. −O−C=C−O− = COen) bridged mesoionic carbene (iMIC) lithium compounds COen‐[(iMIC)Li]2 (COen‐[iMIC]2 = [ArC{(Dipp)NC}2(CO)]2) in quantitative yields. COen‐[(iMIC)Li]2 are highly colored stable solids, exhibit a strikingly small HOMO–LUMO energy gap, and readily undergo 2e‐oxidations with selenium, CuCl (or CuCl2), and AgCl to afford the dinuclear compounds COon‐[(iMIC)E]2 (E = Se, CuCl, AgCl) featuring a 1,2‐dione bridged neutral bis‐iMIC (i.e. COon‐[iMIC]2 = [ArC{(Dipp)NC}2(C=O)]2). COen‐[(iMIC)Li]2 undergo redox‐neutral salt metathesis reactions with LiAlH4 and (Et2O)2BeBr2 and afford COen‐[(iMIC)AlH2]2 and COen‐[(iMIC)BeBr]2, in which the dianionic COen‐moiety remains intact. All compounds have been characterized by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X‐ray diffraction. Stereoelectronic properties of COon‐[iMIC]2 are quantified by experimental and theoretical methods.
Beyond waste: Transforming wheat straw into oxygen and UV‐resistant cellulose films
Authors: Tang Yali , Han Penghong , Lu Lixin , Qiu Xiaolin , Pan Liao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRegenerated cellulose membrane is a biomaterial obtained by activating, dissolving, solidifying, and regenerating cellulose powder using solvents of different polarities. It has the characteristics of high oxygen resistance and high strength. However, its low water vapor barrier and single function limit its application. In order to improve the water resistance of regenerated cellulose membranes and endow them with UV resistance, lignin was extracted from waste wheat straw using formic acid method. The extracted formic acid lignin (FAL) was added to the cellulose solution to prepare a series of regenerated lignocellulosic membranes (RC‐FAL) with different lignin contents. The results indicate that lignin can not only improve the water vapor barrier, tensile strength, and water resistance of the film, but also enhance the oxygen barrier and UV absorption of the film. Compared with pure cellulose film, the contact angle of lignocellulose film can be increased by 66.2%, the UV absorption rate can reach 100%, and the oxygen transmission coefficient has no significant effect. In this paper, a new kind of biological packaging material with high oxygen resistance, strong ultraviolet absorption, and water resistance was prepared by recycling waste wheat straw, it has a broad application prospect in the industrial production of packaging materials.
Effect of terminal substituent of iso‐indigo‐based materials on the intermolecular stacking and memory performance
Authors: Hu Haiyan , Zhang Yong , Qin Hongni , Guan Weijia , Fang Menghan , Zhang Cheng , Li Yang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAttributed to the characteristics of narrow band gap structural units and full spectral response, iso‐indigo is often used as an electron acceptor in organic electronic materials. Organic molecules with large conjugated surfaces and strong intermolecular forces can form ordered stacked structures through self‐assembly. In this paper, the self‐assembly performances of IDCF3 and IDCN are regulated by changing the end groups. The effects of terminal groups on the resistive memory behaviours and reproducibility are investigated. The properties of IDCF3 and IDCN devices are characterized by UV‐VIS spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and DSC diffraction. The results show that when the end groups with different steric hindrance are introduced into the ends of the molecules with good backbone plane, the conjugated surfaces of the molecules will bend due to the different steric hindrance of the end groups in the form of cambium and layer‐ordered packing, which will affect the threshold voltage and device reproducibility.
Predefined‐time adaptive fuzzy tracking control for switched nonlinear systems
Authors: Jin Yitong , Wang Fang , Zhao Maoxian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe paper focuses on the issue of predefined‐time adaptive fuzzy tracking control for switched nonlinear systems. The complicated unknown nonlinear function is approximated by utilizing the fuzzy logic system. A novel adaptive fuzzy control scheme is proposed by using the common Lyapunov function and backstepping technology on the basis of the definition of predefined‐time stability, which can preset the setting time of tracking errors. The findings indicate that the presented controller can ensure that all signals remain bounded in the closed‐loop system under arbitrary switching conditions, and the tracking error can converge to the neighborhood near the origin within a predefined time. The feasibility of the developed control approach is further proved through an example of numerical simulation.