bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive analysis of ovarian granulosa cell proteomics and phosphoproteomics in PCOS patients without insulin resistance
Authors: Yang Xiao , Liu Peng , He Hongcheng , Qi Dan , Yan Lei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
PCOS is a complex and heterogeneous metabolic disorder that affects 6–20% of women of reproductive age. However, research on phosphorylation modification proteomics in PCOS remains lacking. PCOS can be divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of insulin resistance: PCOS with insulin resistance (PCOS-IR) and PCOS non-insulin resistant (PCOS-NIR). This study focused on the group without insulin resistance. Twenty-one PCOS-NIR and 39 control-NIR (Ctrl-NIR) patients were included in this study. All participants underwent ICSI or IVF-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) treatment in a reproductive center from July 2020 to November 2020. During oocyte retrieval, fresh follicular fluid was aspirated, collected, and sent to the laboratory for analysis of the granulosa cells. A 4D-label-free proteome quantification method was performed in this study; this was used to analyze protein enzymatic peptide fragments by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Bioinformatic analysis was performed on differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and differentially phosphorylated proteins (DPPs). A total of 713 DEPs were identified between the two groups, including 293 upregulated and 420 downregulated DEPs in the PCOS-NIR group. There were 522 and 159 proteins with increased and decreased phosphorylation, respectively, in the PCOS-NIR group. After analyzing the different phosphorylation modification sites, 933 sites with upregulated and 211 sites with downregulated phosphorylation were found in the PCOS-NIR group. In this study, we describe the quantitative protein expression profiles and phosphorylation-modified protein expression profiles of ovarian granulosa cells from patients with PCOS-NIR, providing a new research perspective for these patients. Further studies are required to elucidate the role of protein phosphorylation in PCOS.
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory injectable hydrogel microspheres for in situ treatment of tendinopathy
Authors: Han Qibin , Bai Lang , Qian Yinhua , Zhang Xiaoyu , Wang Juan , Zhou Jing , Cui Wenguo , Hao Yuefeng , Yang Xing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Tendinopathy is a common disorder that causes local dysfunction and reduces quality of life. Recent research has indicated that alterations in the inflammatory microenvironment play a vital role in the pathogenesis of tendinopathy. Herein, injectable methacrylate gelatin (GelMA) microspheres (GM) were fabricated and loaded with heparin-dopamine conjugate (HDC) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). GM@HDC@HGF were designed to balance the inflammatory microenvironment by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby regulating extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism and halting tendon degeneration. Combining growth factors with heparin was expected to improve the encapsulation rate and maintain the long-term efficacy of HGF. In addition, the catechol groups on dopamine have adhesion and antioxidant properties, allowing potential attachment at the injured site, and better function synergized with HGF. GM@HDC@HGF injected in situ in rat Achilles tendinopathy (AT) models significantly down-regulated oxidative stress and inflammation, and ameliorated ECM degradation. In conclusion, the multifunctional platform developed presents a promising alternative for the treatment of tendinopathy.
COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Jia , Deng Yuzhi , Wang Weijing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We aimed to estimate the associations between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination during pregnancy and the risks of adverse perinatal outcomes. We performed a literature search in PubMed, Web of Science and Embase to identify eligible studies published up to 24 September 2023, yielding 39 included studies. Pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with a random effects model. The pooled results showed that COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy (any type or dose of COVID-19 vaccination during any trimester) was not associated with an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. In particular, COVID-19 vaccination in the third trimester was associated with a decreased risk of preterm birth (&lt;37 weeks) (RR 0.85 [95% CI 0.74 to 0.98]), 5-min Apgar &lt;7 (RR 0.87 [95% CI 0.78 to 0.97]) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (RR 0.90 [95% CI 0.86 to 0.95]). The inverse associations were also found in analysis of one-dose vaccination during pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage (RR 0.83 [95% CI 0.72 to 0.96]) and preterm birth (&lt;37 weeks) (RR 0.90 [95% CI 0.80 to 1.00]) and two-dose vaccination during pregnancy and the risk of NICU admission (RR 0.86 [95% CI 0.76 to 0.96]). COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy does not increase the risk of negative outcomes for the mother or baby.
The serum small non‐coding RNA (SncRNA) landscape as a molecular biomarker of age associated muscle dysregulation and insulin resistance in older adults
Authors: Burton Mark A. , Antoun Elie , Garratt Emma S. , Westbury Leo , Dennison Elaine M. , Harvey Nicholas C. , Cooper Cyrus , Patel Harnish P. , Godfrey Keith M. , Lillycrop Karen A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSmall noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) are implicated in age‐associated pathologies, including sarcopenia and insulin resistance (IR). As potential circulating biomarkers, most studies have focussed on microRNAs (miRNAs), one class of sncRNA. This study characterized the wider circulating sncRNA transcriptome of older individuals and associations with sarcopenia and IR. sncRNA expression including miRNAs, transfer RNAs (tRNAs), tRNA‐associated fragments (tRFs), and piwi‐interacting RNAs (piRNAs) was measured in serum from 21 healthy and 21 sarcopenic Hertfordshire Sarcopenia Study extension women matched for age (mean 78.9 years) and HOMA2‐IR. Associations with age, sarcopenia and HOMA2‐IR were examined and predicted gene targets and biological pathways characterized. Of the total sncRNA among healthy controls, piRNAs were most abundant (85.3%), followed by tRNAs (4.1%), miRNAs (2.7%), and tRFs (0.5%). Age was associated (FDR < 0.05) with 2 miRNAs, 58 tRNAs, and 14 tRFs, with chromatin organization, WNT signaling, and response to stress enriched among gene targets. Sarcopenia was nominally associated (p < .05) with 12 tRNAs, 3 tRFs, and 6 piRNAs, with target genes linked to cell proliferation and differentiation such as Notch Receptor 1 (NOTCH1), DISC1 scaffold protein (DISC1), and GLI family zinc finger‐2 (GLI2). HOMA2‐IR was nominally associated (p<0.05) with 6 miRNAs, 9 tRNAs, 1 tRF, and 19 piRNAs, linked with lysine degradation, circadian rhythm, and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways. These findings identify changes in circulating sncRNA expression in human serum associated with chronological age, sarcopenia, and IR. These may have clinical utility as circulating biomarkers of ageing and age‐associated pathologies and provide novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
High Intraoperative Serum Lactate Level is Associated with Acute Kidney Injury after Brain Tumor Resection
Authors: Choi Seungeun , You Jiwon , Kim Yoon Jung , Lee Hyung-Chul , Park Hee-Pyoung , Park Chul-Kee , Oh Hyongmin 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Identification of risk factors for postoperative AKI is clinically important. Serum lactate can increase in situations of inadequate oxygen delivery and is widely used to assess a patient’s clinical course. We investigated the association between intraoperative serum lactate levels and AKI after brain tumor resection.

Methods:
Demographics, medical and surgical history, tumor characteristics, surgery, anesthesia, preoperative and intraoperative blood test results, and postoperative clinical outcomes were retrospectively collected from 4131 patients who had undergone brain tumor resection. Patients were divided into high (n=1078) and low (n=3053) lactate groups based on an intraoperative maximum serum lactate level of 3.35 mmol/L. After propensity score matching, 1005 patients were included per group. AKI was diagnosed using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria, based on serum creatinine levels within 7 days after surgery.

Results:
Postoperative AKI was observed in 53 (1.3%) patients and was more frequent in those with high lactate both before (3.2% [n=35] vs. 0.6% [n=18]; P < 0.001) and after (3.3% [n=33] vs. 0.6% [n=6]; P < 0.001) propensity score matching. Intraoperative predictors of postoperative AKI were maximum serum lactate levels > 3.35 mmol/L (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 3.57 [1.45–8.74], P = 0.005), minimum blood pH (odds ratio per 1 unit, 0.01 [0.00–0.24], P = 0.004), minimum hematocrit (odds ratio per 1%, 0.91 [0.84–1.00], P = 0.037), and mean serum glucose levels > 200 mg/dL (odds ratio, 6.22 [1.75–22.16], P = 0.005).

Conclusion:
High intraoperative serum lactate levels were associated with AKI after brain tumor resection.
Contribution of Tinnitus and Hearing Loss to Depression: NHANES Population Study
Authors: Chakrabarty Sayan , Mudar Raksha , Chen Yuguo , Husain Fatima T. 
Published: January 2024

Objectives:
Hearing loss affects the emotional well-being of adults and is sometimes associated with clinical depression. Chronic tinnitus is highly comorbid with hearing loss and separately linked with depression. In this article, the authors investigated the combined effects of hearing loss and tinnitus on depression in the presence of other moderating influences such as demographic, lifestyle, and health factors.

Design:
The authors used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (2011–2012 and 2015–2016) to determine the effects of hearing loss and tinnitus on depression in a population of US adults (20 to 69 years). The dataset included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression screening, hearing testing using pure-tone audiometry, and information related to multiple demographic, lifestyle, and health factors (n = 5845).

Results:
The statistical analysis showed moderate to high associations between depression and hearing loss, tinnitus, and demographic, lifestyle, and health factors, separately. Results of logistic regression analysis revealed that depression was significantly influenced by hearing loss (adjusted odds ratios [OR] = 3.0), the functional impact of tinnitus (adjusted OR = 2.4), and their interaction, both in the absence or presence of the moderating influences. The effect of bothersome tinnitus on depression was amplified in the presence of hearing loss (adjusted OR = 2.4 in the absence of hearing loss to adjusted OR = 14.9 in the presence of hearing loss). Conversely, the effect of hearing loss on depression decreased when bothersome tinnitus was present (adjusted OR = 3.0 when no tinnitus problem was present to adjusted OR = 0.7 in the presence of bothersome tinnitus).

Conclusions:
Together, hearing loss and bothersome tinnitus had a significant effect on self-reported depression symptoms, but their relative effect when comorbid differed. Tinnitus remained more salient than hearing loss and the latter’s contribution to depression was reduced in the presence of tinnitus, but the presence of hearing loss significantly increased the effects of tinnitus on depression, even when the effects of the relevant demographic, lifestyle, or health factors were controlled. Treatment strategies that target depression should screen for hearing loss and bothersome tinnitus and provide management options for the conditions.
Evaluating Fixed Single-Point Parameters When Applied to Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials: The Effect of Single Point and Signal Window
Authors: Romero Daniel J. , Clinard Christopher , Zalewski Christopher , Piker Erin 
Published: January 2024

Objectives:
Several studies have applied a common objective detection algorithm (fixed single point [F
sp]) for detection of the vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP). However, fundamental parameters of F
sp, such as establishing the location and duration of a signal window, have not been examined. In addition, F
sp criterion values used for response detection have not been established for cervical VEMPs (cVEMPs) or ocular VEMPs (oVEMPs). The purpose of this article was to investigate the effect of various single points and signal windows on F
sp, as well as determining F
sp criteria to determine response presence for cVEMP and oVEMP in a group of young healthy participants.

Design:
Twenty young healthy adults under the age of 30 and with no history of hearing or balance concerns were enrolled in the study protocol. Air-conducted cVEMPs and oVEMPs were evoked using 500 Hz tone bursts at 123 dB pSPL recorded at a fixed electromyography activation of 50 µV for cVEMPs and 35° gaze angle for oVEMPs. Responses were analyzed off-line using visual and objective detection. F
sp was applied to cVEMPs and oVEMPs using a range of single points and signal windows.

Results:
Noise variance was lowest for cVEMPs at the latency of P1, and for oVEMPs noise variance was not significantly different across the single-point latencies. On average, extending the length of the signal window lowered the F
sp value in cVEMPs and oVEMPs. An F
sp value of 2.0 was chosen as the criterion cutoff associated with the 95th percentile during no-response conditions using group data for cVEMPs and oVEMPs, respectively. F
sp values for cVEMPs and oVEMPs were not significantly different from each other.

Discussion:
This study established single-point latency and time-window parameters for VEMP-related applications of the F
sp detection algorithm. F
sp criteria values were established for cVEMP and oVEMP. Using these parameters, responses were detected in all participants.
Ideal frozen embryo transfer regime
Authors: Castillo Juan , Kol Shahar 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of reviewThis review aims to compare evidence on four criteria (embryo implantation, obstetric outcomes, patient convenience, and IVF-unit efficiency) by analyzing published research on different endometrial preparation methods for frozen embryo transfer (FET).Recent findingsWhile the artificial-FET cycle provides advantages in scheduling and implantation, it falls short in ensuring optimal obstetric outcomes. In contrast, natural-FET ensures embryo implantation conditions if ovulation is correctly identified. Supplementing with exogenous progesterone shields against low corpus luteum progesterone secretion, crucial for positive obstetric outcomes. In mNC-FET, ovulation is hCG-triggered, closely resembling natural cycles and reducing monitoring visits for enhanced patient convenience.Letrozole is a recommended option for anovulatory patients, preserving endometrial thickness. It is cost-effective, less likely to induce multifollicular development than gonadotropins, and better tolerated.In a novel approach, the natural-proliferative-phase-FET initiates progesterone in an unmediated ovulatory cycle at 7 mm endometrial thickness, combining the benefits of a natural proliferative endometrium with the convenience of scheduled artificial cycles.SummaryThe artificial cycle offers scheduling advantages, but may compromise obstetric outcomes. Natural FET relies on accurate ovulation timing for successful implantation. mNC-FET simplifies the process using hCG induction, minimizing clinic visits for improved convenience. Letrozole is highlighted as a cost-effective and well tolerated option in anovulatory patients. A recent innovative approach combines elements of natural and artificial cycles, showing promise for FET procedures.
Audiovestibular Findings in Patients with Concurrent Superior Canal Dehiscence and Vestibular Schwannoma
Authors: Tozzi Andrea , Castellucci Andrea , Ferrulli Giuseppe , Brandolini Cristina , Piras Gianluca , Martellucci Salvatore , Malara Pasquale , Ferri Gian Gaetano , Ghidini Angelo , Marchioni Daniele , Presutti Livio 
Published: January 2024

Objective
To describe the clinical-instrumental findings in case of concurrent superior canal dehiscence (SCD) and ipsilateral vestibular schwannoma (VS), aiming to highlight the importance of an extensive instrumental assessment to achieve a correct diagnosis.

Study Design
Retrospective case review.

Setting
Tertiary referral center.

Patients
Five patients with concurrent SCD and VS.

Intervention
Clinical-instrumental assessment and imaging.

Main Outcome Measure
Clinical presentation, audiovestibular findings, and imaging.

Results
The chief complaints were hearing loss (HL) and unsteadiness (80%). Other main symptoms included tinnitus (60%) and pressure-induced vertigo (40%). Mixed-HL was identified in three patients and pure sensorineural-HL in 1, including a roll-over curve in speech-audiometry in two cases. Vibration-induced nystagmus was elicited in all cases, whereas vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials showed reduced thresholds and enhanced amplitudes on the affected side in three patients. Ipsilesional weakness on caloric testing was detected in three patients and a bilateral hyporeflexia in one. A global canal impairment was detected by the video-head impulse test in one case, whereas the rest of the cohort exhibited a reduced function for the affected superior canal, together with ipsilateral posterior canal impairment in two cases. All patients performed both temporal bones HRCT scan and brain-MRI showing unilateral SCD and ipsilateral VS, respectively. All patients were submitted to a wait-and-scan approach, requiring VS removal only in one case.

Conclusion
Simultaneous SCD and VS might result in subtle clinical presentation with puzzling lesion patterns. When unclear symptoms and signs occur, a complete audiovestibular assessment plays a key role to address imaging and diagnosis.
The use of machine learning in paediatric nutrition
Authors: Young Aneurin , Johnson Mark J. , Beattie R. Mark 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of review
In recent years, there has been a burgeoning interest in using machine learning methods. This has been accompanied by an expansion in the availability and ease of use of machine learning tools and an increase in the number of large, complex datasets which are suited to machine learning approaches. This review summarizes recent work in the field and sets expectations for its impact in the future.

Recent findings
Much work has focused on establishing good practices and ethical frameworks to guide the use of machine learning in research. Machine learning has an established role in identifying features in ‘omics’ research and is emerging as a tool to generate predictive models to identify people at risk of disease and patients at risk of complications. They have been used to identify risks for malnutrition and obesity. Machine learning techniques have also been used to develop smartphone apps to track behaviour and provide healthcare advice.

Summary
Machine learning techniques are reaching maturity and their impact on observational data analysis and behaviour change will come to fruition in the next 5 years. A set of standards and best practices are emerging and should be implemented by researchers and publishers.
Biologics, small molecule therapies and surgery in small bowel Crohn's disease
Authors: Steinberg Joshua M. , Chowdhury Reezwana , Sharma Sowmya , Charabaty Aline 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of review
The terminal ileum and small bowel (SB) are involved in 30–45% of patients with Crohn's disease, while 20% have both small and large bowel involvement. Ileal Crohn's is associated with higher risk of progression to stricturing and penetrating disease1, hence it's imperative to utilize effective therapies to induce and maintain clinical and endoscopic remission and prevent intestinal complications. We review the available data of biologics and upadacitinib in small bowel disease, and the emerging data on the role of surgery as first line therapy for isolated Crohn's ileitis.

Recent findings
Most trials assessing drug efficacy do not report efficacy by disease location, and robust data on efficacy of therapies in isolated small bowel Crohn's is sparse. Several studies indicate that small bowel disease is generally less responsive to biologics, and could require higher drug trough levels to achieve endoscopic healing.

Summary
Current therapies for induction and maintenance of remission in moderate to severe Crohn's disease include several classes of monoclonal antibodies and a Janus Kinase inhibitor, upadacitinib. While small bowel Crohn's disease is generally less responsive to treatment, anti-TNFs are still preferred as first line therapy, and the option of early ileocecal resection in early limited ileal disease is gaining interest.
Postoperative small bowel Crohn's disease: how to diagnose, manage and treat
Authors: Ip Chak Lam , Boyapati Ray , Kalla Rahul 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of reviewCrohn's disease is a relapsing inflammatory condition and disease recurrence after surgery is common. Significant variation in clinical practice remains despite progress in management of postoperative Crohn's disease. In this review, we summarise current management strategies and guidelines, unmet needs, and research progress in this field.Recent findingsThere has been real progress in risk stratifying individuals’ postsurgery and tailoring therapies based on their risk; this has been incorporated into current management guidelines in the USA, UK, and Europe. Furthermore, novel noninvasive monitoring tools such as intestinal ultrasound have shown high sensitivity and specificity at detecting disease recurrence and are an attractive point-of-care test. Recent studies are also investigating multiomic biomarkers to prognosticate postoperative Crohn's disease. However, given the heterogeneity within this condition, large multicentre clinical validation across all age groups is needed for clinical translation in the future.SummaryOngoing progress in research and the development of novel prognostic and noninvasive disease monitoring tools offers hope for personalised therapy tailored to individual recurrence risk in postoperative Crohn's disease.