bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Routine Performance of Open-Heart Surgery Without Blood
Authors: Housman Leland B. , Litchford Britt , Mazur John H. 
Published: October 2023

The dramatic geometric increases in open-heart procedures have aggravated demands on blood banks. Recent surveys indicate a continual national average of eight units/patient. This study was undertaken to demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of bloodless cardiac surgery. Two groups of 100 patients each, similar in age, sex, procedures performed and pre-operative hematocrit values are analyzed. Group I patients were transfused routinely; every effort was made to avoid blood in Group II. Intra-operative PaO2, pH and Hematocrit values were similar. Total measurable blood loss was less in Group II, reflecting more careful technique. Mean transfusion (units/patient) was 8.5 in Group I, and only 0.5 in Group II (75% received no blood, 95% 2 units or less). Oxygen requirements, acidosis, pulmonary complications and hepatitis (zero) were Jess in Group II. All Group II patients received oral FeS04 and two weeks post-discharge 92% had hematocrit values ≥ 30 vol% with 56% being ≥ 35 vol %. Cardiac surgery can be safely performed without transfusion, specific benefits are afforded, and consequently this technique is recommended.
The volume of cardiac surgery performed in the United States has increased in the last five years, chiefly due to the advent of coronary artery bypass surgery. 1 This has placed an obligatory and sometimes unmeetable obligation on blood banks across the country, since the average amount of blood used per cardiopulmonary bypass procedure remains 8.5 units/patient nationally. 2 Based on laboratory and clinical reports, 3.4 there is ample evidence that cardiac surgery can be performed safely without the use of autologous banked blood. The elimination of transfusion, in addition to relieving the everincreasing demands on blood banks, also dramatically decreases the incidence of hepatitis, transfusion reaction and various coagulopathies. The techniques of hemodilution may well enhance tissue perfusion during bypass, 3,5,6 and combined with autologous transfusion with the patient's own blood further decreases the necessity for blood transfusion. This study was undertaken to demonstrate not only the feasibility but the advantages of bloodless cardiac surgery.
Die frühe Nutzenbewertung nach § 35 a SGB V – Ein Überblick über das Verfahren
Authors: Behring Antje 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungFür die Bewertung des Zusatznutzens nach § 35a SGB V gelten besondere Anforderungen, die nur zum Teil mit den Anforderungen der Zulassung vergleichbar sind. Das Verständnis der zu Grunde gelegten Maßstäbe und deren Zielsetzung hilft, die differenzierten Entscheidungen zum Zusatznutzen nachzuvollziehen und von der Arzneimittelzulassung abzugrenzen. Das Verfahren der frühen Nutzenbewertung und die festgelegten Entscheidungsgrundlagen sind nachfolgend erläutert.
Bewegungsförderung fördert
Gesundheitsförderung
Authors: Schmidt Sandra , Dresel Uwe , Baldus Angelika 
Published: October 2023

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,in den kommenden Jahren bis 2035 gehen 11 Millionen Babyboomer in Rente, das sind
25% aller Arbeitnehmer in Deutschland. Nur zwei Drittel der freiwerdenden
Arbeitsplätze können durch die jüngeren Generationen
ausgefüllt werden. Dadurch wird sich der jetzt schon bestehende
Arbeitskräftemangel in der Pflege noch drastisch erhöhen, und dies
bei steigendem Bedarf. Denn über kurz oder lang benötigen die
Babyboomer auch rehabilitative und pflegerische Leistungen.
Bewegung, körperliche Aktivität und
Alter
Authors: Köppel Maximilian 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDurch den demografischen Wandel und die steigende Lebenserwartung werden
altersassoziierte Erkrankungen in den kommenden Jahrzehnten immer
präsenter. Körperliche Aktivität und
körperliches Training stellen in diesem Kontext wirksame
Maßnahmen dar, um die Erkrankungsraten einzudämmen und
Betroffene im Umgang mit ihrer Erkrankung zu unterstützen. Gerade bei
älteren Menschen, die ein erhöhtes Sturzrisiko besitzen, kann
körperliches Training dem Risiko entgegenwirken und darüber
hinaus sturzassoziierte Verletzungen und Frakturen reduzieren. Es konnte gezeigt
werden, dass Training und körperliche Aktivität auch eng mit der
Mortalität assoziiert sind und insbesondere Menschen mit Vorerkrankungen
davon profitieren. Um die Effekte der Bewegung zusätzlich zu
verstärken, hat sich in vielen Studien die Supervision als wichtiger
Moderator herausgestellt. Eine professionelle Betreuung kann also dabei helfen,
die positiven Auswirkungen von körperlicher Aktivität und
Training weiter zu maximieren.
Effects of Training on Running Cost and Aerobic Capacity in
Individuals with Obesity
Authors: Castro Eliane Aparecida , Silva Elisangela , Benito Pedro J , Neiva Cassiano Merussi , Pessôa Filho Dalton Müller 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study investigated running cost (CRun), peak oxygen consumption
(V̇ O2peak), and ventilatory threshold (VT1)
responses to exercise programs for individuals with obesity. Ninety-four
individuals (38.2±7.7 years;
33.4±2.9 kg/m²) were assigned into strength
(n=24), endurance (n=26), combined (n=22), and physical
activity (control, n=22) groups for 22 weeks, plus diet recommendation.
The V̇ O2peak, VT1, and CRun were
assessed through a maximal incremental step test. The change of V̇
O2peak in combined (9.9%) differed from the other groups,
with lower values in women than men (0.7% vs. 6.2%). The
VT1 change in combined (16.4%) differed from the strength
(4.9%) and physical activity (1.2%) groups, with the change in
endurance (12.7%) also being higher than the physical activity group.
Only men in the combined group increased absolute V̇ O2peak,
while both sexes increased VT1 in the endurance and combined groups.
No effects for groups and sex were significant for CRun in moderate
(<VT1) or high-intensity (>VT1)
running zones, despite CRun changes in <VT1 and
>VT1 zones correlated with the alterations of V̇
O2peak and VT1 (r²=0.29–0.59).
Therefore, moderate aerobic exercise stimulus is suitable for VT1
improvement in individuals with obesity, with the increase in CRun
associated to the chances of increasing V̇ O2peak in men and
when combining strength with aerobic exercises.
Practical Aspects of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in
Children
Authors: Takken Tim , Hulzebos Erik H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe use of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in pediatrics provides
critical insights into potential physiological causes of unexplained
exercise-related complaints or symptoms, as well as specific pathophysiological
patterns based on physiological responses or abnormalities. Furthermore, CPET
helps evaluate exercise performance in children with chronic
(lung/heart) diseases. For instance, it can ascertain any adverse
reaction to exercise and estimate the effects of specific treatment measures. It
affords a global assessment of the pathophysiological patterns, responses and
abnormalities to exercise that is inadequately reflected by resting lung
function and/or cardiac function assessment. Clinical interpretation of
the results of a CPET in pediatrics requires specific knowledge regarding
pathophysiological responses and interpretative strategies that can be adapted
to address concerns specific to the child’s medical condition or
disability.
Boryl Acrylaldehyde: An Elusive Member of the α-Boryl Aldehyde Class of Reagent
Authors: Yudin Andrei K. , Trofimova Alina , Brien Chelsey , Trinchera Piera , Tien Chieh-Hung 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe describe a synthetic route to boryl acrylaldehyde, an amphoteric molecule that features BMIDA and aldehyde functionalities attached to an sp2-carbon center. As the project unfolded, conventional protocols based on aldol condensation turned out to be unsuccessful. We eventually zeroed in on oxidative conditions that preserved the BMIDA group and delivered the desired aldehyde functionality. During our investigation, it became clear that boryl alcohol displays hemilabile N–B bonding, which differs dramatically from the previously described congeners with the sp3-carbon center connected to boron. We have attempted to understand the origins of this behavior using DFT calculations. Overall, boryl acrylaldehyde can be considered as an attractive entry point in synthetic methods. These studies are underway in our laboratory.
Adoption of fourth industrial revolution 4.0 among Malaysian small and medium enterprises (SMEs)
Authors: Shahzad Arfan , bin Zakaria Mohd Syarol Azuan , Kotzab Herbert , Makki Muhammad Abdul Majid , Hussain Aamir , Fischer Julia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUsing Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR4.0) technology, companies can upscale their innovation in organizing, managing, and controlling the value chain life cycle. IR4.0 is anticipated to bring challenges and opportunities to developing economies such as Malaysia, but due to its novelty to the Malaysian business community, the concept still needs clarity in its definition for proper understanding and business practice. This paper aims to examine the impact of IR4.0 adoption on Malaysian small and medium enterprises (SMEs) by analyzing the organizational readiness, relative advantage, compatibility, top management support, government regulation, and competitive pressure, and its relationship with the adoption of IR4.0 to Malaysian SMEs. This study framework is based on the diffusion of innovation theory (DOI) and technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework. The study results verified the importance of relative advantage, compatibility, competitive pressure, and top management support as significant predictors of IR4.0 adoption. The study is expected to benefit regulators and business ecosystems in understanding the challenges in implementing IR4.0 in Malaysia and formulating intervention processes and programs for successful IR4.0 adoption.
Life satisfaction and acculturation of European students in the Chinese context
Authors: Peng Renzhong , Zhu Chongguang , Liu Na 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLife satisfaction is a crucial aspect of psychological well-being for international students during the process of acculturation. Among international students in China, European students constitute a significant demographic, making it imperative to examine their life satisfaction. However, existing research has primarily focused on theoretical literature reviews regarding the factors that impact European students’ life satisfaction and acculturation, with few empirical investigations conducted. This study aims to explore European students’ perceptions of life satisfaction in acculturation to China and the factors affecting their life satisfaction in acculturation. Through three rounds of semi-structured interviews involving 27 European students, this study employed NVivo 12 software to conduct sentiment analysis on interview materials to investigate European students’ perceptions of life satisfaction. Additionally, a coding analysis was conducted to identify the factors affecting their life satisfaction in acculturation. The results from the sentiment analysis reveal that European students generally experience a relatively high level of life satisfaction while acculturating to China. The coding analysis highlights several factors that affect their life satisfaction during this process, including social activity, social support, academic performance, language proficiency, consumption, diet, transportation, and safety. These findings offer researchers and scholars a theoretical understanding of acculturation and life satisfaction research on European students in China and could be referential for international education administrators.
Design and verification of a backward wave oscillation suppression circuit for the Ka-band gyrotron travelling-wave tube
Authors: Ma Yuan , Liu Guo , Lei Changbiao , Cao Yingjian , Wang Weijie , Wang Yu , Yao Yelei , Jiang Wei , Wang Jianxun , Luo Yong 
Published: October 2023

Backward wave oscillation seriously degrades the stability of gyrotron travelling-wave tubes (gyro-TWTs), especially during high average/continuous wave operation. To solve this problem, a selective mode suppression structure (SMSS) based on the mode coupling principle is proposed and applied in the nonlinear beam–wave interaction region to suppress the parasitic TE11 mode. It is capable of obtaining a high power and improving the tube stability. Simulation results demonstrate that the SMSS can raise the starting current from 10 to 18 A and the starting pitch factor from 1.2 to 1.6. Based on this proposed circuit, a Ka-band TE01 mode gyro-TWT was designed, and the particle-in-cell simulation shows that it can achieve a saturated output power of over 150 kW from 29.7 to 31.7 GHz with a velocity spread of 2.2%. For verification, a SMSS is manufactured and cold tested. The measurement of S-parameters reveals that it can effectively suppress the parasitic TE11 mode.
Field-free self-oscillation of magnetization enabled by the fieldlike spin-orbit torque
Authors: Wang Wen-Jie , Wang Ri-Xing , Wan Qiang , Cai Meng-Qiu , He Peng-Bin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Fieldlike spin-orbit torque, which behaves like a torque from a magnetic field, but relies on the current together with the damplike one, was recognized to influence magnetization switching. However, its role on magnetic oscillations remains to be explored. By linear stability analysis and energy averaging technique, we obtain analytic formulas for the stable boundaries of various states. Then, a phase diagram is constructed, which is controlled by the current and a tunable ratio β of the fieldlike torque to the dampinglike one. We find that some new stable, bistable and dynamic states come forth. Especially, a bias-field-free self-oscillation emerges for negative β, which enables the average energy balance between the dampinglike torque and the intrinsic damping. There occur two kinds of oscillations, analogous to the usual in-plane and out-of-plane precessions. If increasing the current, the frequency declines for the former, and subsequently rises for the latter. Varying β slightly affects the frequency range, but dramatically alters the adjustable range of current. In addition, the phase diagram indicates that the switching direction reverses with β stepping over −1/α with α being the damping constant, and the switching current decreases with ∣β∣ increasing.
Fabrication of shape-designable cartilage from human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived chondroprogenitors using a cell self-aggregation technique
Authors: Ota Tomoyuki , Takao Tomoka , Iwai Ryosuke , Moriwaki Takeshi , Kitaguchi Yohei , Fujisawa Yuki , Yamada Daisuke , Kimata Yoshihiro , Takarada Takeshi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
With the advancement of tissue engineering technologies, implantable materials have been developed for use in facial plastic surgery, including auriculoplasty and rhinoplasty. Tissue-engineered cartilage comprising only cells and cell-produced extracellular matrix is considered valuable as there is no need to consider problems associated with scaffold absorption or immune responses commonly related to conventional artificial materials. However, it is exceedingly difficult to produce large-sized complex shapes of cartilage without the use of scaffolds. In this study, we describe the production of shape-designable cartilage using a novel cell self-aggregation technique (CAT) and chondroprogenitor cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells as the source. The method described does not require special equipment such as bio-3D printers, and the produced tissue can be induced into well-matured cartilage with abundant cartilage matrix in vitro. Using CAT, we were able to generate cartilage in the form of rings or tubes with adjustable inner diameter and curvature, over a range of several centimeters, without the use of scaffolds. The in vitro fabrication of shape-designable cartilage using CAT is a promising development in facial plastic surgery.
Assessment of Metakaolin Blended Palm Kernel Shell Solid Concrete Blocks as a Sustainable Building Material
Authors: John Nova , Tensing D , Vincent Sam Jebadurai S , Srisanthi V G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The effectiveness of Palm kernel shell (PKS) as a coarse aggregate substitute in metakaolin added solid concrete masonry blocks is examined in this paper. Control solid concrete blocks and Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) added concrete blocks with metakaolin were cast with sizes of 250mm × 200mm × 150mm and a mix ratio of 1:3:6 by varying the water-binder (w/b) ratio in 0.55, 0.60, and 0.65. The blocks were water cured for 28 days before batching, which was done per volume. There were 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% replacements of coarse aggregate with PKS, respectively. Slump tests were conducted on fresh concrete and the blocks were made using solid block making machine. At the end of 28 days curing period, compressive strength tests were conducted on hardened concrete blocks using a compression testing apparatus. The findings indicated that the slump height increased with the water-binder ratio but reduced with the proportion of PKS. For higher substitutions of coarse aggregate with PKS, favourable results are obtained with a w/b ratio of 0.60. According to IS: 2185 (Part 1) - 2005, solid concrete masonry blocks must possess a minimum compressive strength of 5N/mm2. Although several samples meet this requirement, the optimized sample in terms of strength was a block with 25% PKS replacement at a w/b ratio of 0.60. The density, water absorption, and initial rate of absorption of the optimized sample were found to be lower than those of the control samples, however, both samples exhibit a similar pattern in alternate wetting and drying tests.
Effect of sucrose on slag-fly ash-based alkali activated paste
Authors: Thomas Shobha Elizabeth , Sreeja S , Muhsin Lebba A , Ramaswamy K.P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
One of the major concerns in the concrete industry is to improve the sustainability by adopting durable concrete with low energy intensity. This resulted in the remarkable progress on Alkali Activated Concrete (AAC). The AAC consists of a binder system made of a solid aluminosilicate source powder as precursor which needs to be activated by a solid or dissolved alkali activator. Considering the strength as well as durability, Alkali Activated Materials (AAM) has proved to be a novel material that could potentially replace the Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). The properties of AAM including lower carbon footprint, valorization of industrial waste materials, sustainable as well as economical characteristics has resulted in an increased research interest. Among variety of precursors available, slag based AAM has the ability to acquire strength under ambient curing. But the factors keeping it away from a wide acceptance includes its fast setting as well as low workability. This paper describes the study on effect of sucrose, a bio-additive in slag-fly ash based AAM for improving its setting time and workability. From the experimental results, sucrose has been proven as a good retarder and helps to improve the workability.
Effect of borax in slag-fly ash-based alkali activated paste
Authors: Thomas Shobha Elizabeth , Muhsin Lebba A , Sreeja S , Ramaswamy K.P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Alkali Activated Concrete (AAC) uses source materials rich in aluminosilicates to gain the properties superior to OPC based concrete. Alkaline chemicals are used to activate reaction in aluminosilicate precursors. In this study a combination of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (BFS) and fly ash with low calcium content (class F) is used as precursor and the activator used to activate the precursor is a combination of NaOH pellets and sodium silicate solution. Research interest in alkali activated materials (AAM) has grown as a result of its unique characteristics, which include less greenhouse gas emissions during its production, effective utilization of industrial waste materials, and sustainable as well as economic attributes. However, its quick setting as well as poor workability are deterring its widespread popularity. Though borax has been identified as a good retarder for cement-based materials, its effect on the blast furnace slag-fly ash-based alkali activated system with respect to the control factors were less investigated. The setting time, penetration resistance and workability of Alkali Activated Paste (AAP) is studied to identify the effect of borax with respect to the control factors. The potential of borax in AAM to improve its workability qualities were studied. According to the experimental results obtained, borax is a good retarder for slag-fly ash-based AAP and it could improve workability.
A Regression-Based Approach for Assessing the Buckling Coefficient of Stiffened and Unstiffened Elements
Authors: Raja Lakshmi J , Vijaya Vengadesh Kumar J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Sustainable construction begins essentially by enabling the application of renewable and recyclable building materials. Cold-formed steel sections providing long-term sustainability and having a high strength-to-weight ratio are finding extensive application in the fields of construction and engineering. The Effective Width Method (EWM) and the Direct Strength Method (DSM) are the primary available analytical methods for the design of these sections. The design procedure for the buckling strength prediction of these analytical methods is inherently dependent on the critical buckling load, which in turn is influenced by the plate buckling coefficients. The plate buckling coefficient of either a stiffened or an unstiffened element is defined for varied boundary conditions and elemental stress ratios. Evaluating the design procedure for the critical buckling load, which is taken as the minimum of the elemental strengths, it was clearly evident that the analytical method yields highly conservative solutions. This conservative prediction is inherently caused by the application of individual plate buckling coefficients that fail to account for the inter-element interaction.
The present research strives to propose a regression-based method for the determination of the critical buckling load. The symbolic regression analysis with the aid of machine learning is opted for to obtain more precise and reliable mathematical solutions for the buckling coefficients. The inter-element interaction and varied loading conditions are assessed for their influence and are accounted for in the expressions of the buckling coefficient. More reliable and accurate buckling strength prediction results with a broader conceptual approach are postulated.
Prioritization of CMIP5 based climate models in simulating precipitation using multicriteria decision making methods
Authors: Saranya M S , Nair Vinish V 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Selecting climate models that are accurate in simulating observed weather is a difficult task for impact modellers. For more reliable future projections, model selection is desirable. The effectiveness of nine GCM-RCM combinations in simulating precipitation over the Meenachil river basin in Kerala is examined in this study using data from the CORDEX-SA datasets. Four performance indicators—correlation coefficient (R), percentage bias (PBIAS), skill score (SS), and root mean square error (RMSE)—were used to evaluate the models’ simulation abilities. The models were ranked based on their ability to simulate observed climate data measured over a baseline period (1980–2005) using the TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) method and the PROMETHEE-2 (Preference Ranking Organisation Method of Enrichment Evaluation) method of multi-criteria decision making approaches. Rankings of GCM-RCM combinations were carried out in both scenarios of equal and varying weight. The results of the study found that the top three precipitation prediction models for the Meenachil river basin are GFDL-RCA4, GFDL-RegCM4, and CNRM-RCA4.