bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adhesion of normal and neoplastic lymphoid cells to fibroblasts
Authors: Jack A. S. , Chapman K. J. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractAdhesion between lymphocytes and other cells is critical to many processes in the normal immune system. Alteration in the expression of cell adhesion molecules may be important in determining the behaviour of malignant lymphomas. In this study, the adhesion of normal lymphocytes to fibroblasts is compared with the adhesion of the T‐cell lymphomas J6 and Hut78 ICRF. J6 was significantly more adherent to fibroblasts than either Hut 78 or PBL despite the fact that J6 expresses almost no LFA‐1. Anti‐LFA‐1 had little effect on the basal adhesion of Hut 78 ICRF or PBL. Addition of anti‐CD2 caused enhanced adhesion of J6 and PBL but not Hut 78ICRF, which expresses little of this molecule. This enhancement was abrogated by anti‐LFA‐1. Anti‐CD45 also caused enhanced adhesion of PBL. This was largely due to LFA‐1‐mediated homotypic cell adhesion. The tumour cell lines display no such homotypic adhesion and the small enhancement of fibroblast adhesion was much less affected by the anti‐LFA‐1 antibody. These results show the complex interactions which occur between adhesion molecules and that differences in patterns of expression between normal and neoplastic cells could be a major determinant of tumour cell behaviour.
Cellular sources of matrix proteins in experimentally induced cholestatic rat liver
Authors: Abdel‐Aziz Gamal , Rescan Pierre‐Yves , Clement Bruno , Lebeau Guy , Rissel Maryvonne , Grimaud Jean‐Alexis , Campion Jean‐Pierre , Guillouzo André 
Published: June 2005

AbstractCollagens (I, III, and IV), fibronectin, and laminin were localized using the indirect immunoperoxidase technique 14 days after bile duct ligation, i. e., when extensive fibrosis and numerous neoformed bile ducts were observed. Extensive fibrous septa in enlarged portal spaces were stained for collagens I, III and IV, fibronectin, and laminin. Collagen IV and laminin were abundant around proliferative bile ducts. In addition, collagen IV was nearly continuous in the sinusoids. At the ultrastructural leve, antigens were localized in the endoplasmic reticulum of several liver cell types. In portal spaces, bile duct cells and cells that form the transitional canal of Hering were strongly labelled for basement membrane components, particulariy laminin, but not for collagens I and III and fibronectin, which were abundant in fibroblast‐like cells. Inside the lobule, only Ito cells and, to a lesser extent, endothelial cells contained collagens, fibronectin, and laminin. Ito cells were found to be heavily stained for collagens III and IV, and laminin. Except for fibronectin, which was always abundant, precursors of extracellular matrix proteins were only slightly detectable in the endoplasmic reticulum of some heptocytes, particularly those located close to altered areas. This study demonstrates that experimental extrahepatic cholestasis in the rat induces periportal fibrosis and continuous deposition of collagen IV in the sinusoids. Several cell types participate in the formation of extracellular matrix components, particularly bile duct cells and Ito cells, with a possible involvement of hepatocytes, thus suggesting that cholestasis provokes changes in the pattern of matrix protein production in liver cells.
The latent membrane protein‐1 in Epstein‐Barr virus‐transformed lymphoblastoid cells is found with ubiquitin‐protein conjugates and heat‐shock protein 70 in lysosomes oriented around the microtubule organizing centre
Authors: Lázló Lajos , Tuckwell Jayne , Self Tim , Lowe James , Landon Michael , Smith Sharon , Hawthorne John N. , Mayer R. John 
Published: June 2005

AbstractImmunofluorescence studies on Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐transformed lymphoblastoid cells have previously shown that the latent membrane transforming protein (LMP‐1) is found in patch‐like inclusions which also immunostain for vimentin. We now show that EBV transformation causes a major reorganization of intermediate filaments, microtubules, mitochondria, and lysosomal elements, which generally become oriented around the microtubute organizing centre. Immunogold electron microscopy shows that LMP‐1 is primarily concentrated in secondary lysosomes together with ubiquitin‐protein conjugates and heat‐shock protein 70. Intermediate filament inclusion formation with the above characteristics may be a general response triggered by other membrane glycoproteins; as seen, for example, in major human neurodegenerative diseases such as diffuse Lewy body disease.
A series of 14 new monoclonal antibodies to keratins: Characterization and value in diagnostic histopathology
Authors: Bártek Jiří , Vojtěšek Bořivoj , Stašková Zdenka , Bártková Jiřina , Kerekés Zoltán , Rejther Aleš , Kovařík Jan 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA series of 14 new mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to keratins is described and the data suggesting their potential value in the differential diagnosis of human tumours are reported. The specificities of individual MAbs of the ‘C‐series’ presented here range from monospecificity for keratin No. 7 (MAbs C‐18, C‐35, C‐62, and C‐68), keratin No. 8 (MAbs C‐15, C‐43, and C‐51), and keratin No. 18 (MAbs C‐04 and C‐08) up to the broadly reacting ‘pan‐keratin’ MAb C‐11, with the target epitopes of the remaining four MAbs being shared by different pairs of keratin polypeptides. The results of the biochemical characterization of the MAbs, together with their immunohistochemical staining patterns on frozen as well as on paraffin sections of normal human tissues, suggest that they represent a significant contribution to the growing list of anti‐keratin MAbs applicable in both research and routine diagnostic pathology. The immunohistochemical examination of a wide range of human neoplasms with the new MAbs not only confirmed their value in making distinctions between carcinomas, on the one hand, and lymphomas, melanomas, and gliomas, on the other, but also verified the possibility of more subtle subdivisions within the group of adenocarcinomas and their metastases. Furthermore, the identification of small subsets of breast carcinomas with decreased levels or apparent loss of the keratin No. 7 polypeptide and some cases of stomach carcinoma with apparently induced expression of this keratin suggests that such ‘exceptions’ must be considered when using keratin spectra as one of the criteria in differential diagnosis.
An outbreak of aflatoxicosis and boric acid poisoning in Malaysia: A clinicopathological study
Authors: Chao Tzee‐Cheng , Maxwell Sheila M. , Wong Su‐Yong 
Published: June 2005

AbstractAn outbreak of food poisoning resulting in 13 deaths in children occurred in Malaysia during the Chinese Festival of the Nine‐Emperor Gods in 1988. The offending food was a Chinese noodle called ‘Loh See Fun’ (LSF). The source was traced to a factory where a banned food preservative was added to make the LSF. The food poisoning was attributable to aflatoxins and boric acid. The clinical features included vomiting, pyrexia, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, anorexia, giddiness, seizures, and eventual coma. Initially, many presented with a Reye‐Like syndrome. Eleven post‐mortem examinations were performed. The pathological findings included extensive coagulative necrosis of the liver with proliferative ‘ductal/ductular metaplasia of the hepatocytes’. Giant cell formation, central vein sclerosis, bile stasis, and steatosis were also noted. There was presence of acute tubular necrosis, superficial upper gastrointestinal erosions, and ensuing encephalopathy. The eventual cause of death is acute hepatic and renal failure.
Immunocytochemical observations on macrophage populations in normal fetal and adult human liver
Authors: Bardadin Krzysztof A. , Scheuer Peter J. , Peczek Alicja , Wejman Jaroslaw 
Published: June 2005

AbstractPhenotypic expression of macrophages was studied immunocytochemically in 25 human fetal livers at various stages of development and in 20 normal human adult livers. A panel of commercially available polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies (KP1, Mac387, LN3, CR3/43, and antibodies against muramidase, alpha‐1‐antitrypsin, and factor XIIIa) was applied to paraffin sections. From the seventh week of gestation macrophages in the fetal liver showed differences in distribution with the various antibodies. Macrophages in adult liver similarly varied in morphology and phenotypic expression. In the light of these results, we conclude that the population of human liver macrophages is heterogeneous from an early stage of fetal development and that this heterogeneity extends into adult life.
Thyroglobulin in human thyroid follicles with acid mucin
Authors: Harach H. Ruben 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe minority of human thyroid follicles that contain acid mucin are often grouped in the C‐cell area of the gland, and are lined by abundant C cells. They are thought to be derived from the ultimobranchial contribution to the thyroid gland. This study demonstrates the presence of thyroglobulin reactive follicular cells and colloid as well as calcitonin and CGRP in these ultimobranchial‐related thyroid follicles. These findings add further support to the belief that the ultimobranchial body is a source of at least some C cells and follicular cells, and support the view that thyroid mixed medullary follicular neoplasia may originate from an ultimobranchial stem cell line.
Immunohistochemical and quantitative study of interstitial and intratubular leydig cells in normal men, cryptorchidism, and Klinefelter's syndrome
Authors: Regadera J. , Codesal J. , Paniagua R. , Gonzalez‐Peramato P. , Nistal M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractTesticular specimens from normal men and men with cryptorchidism (CR) or Klinefelter's syndrome (KS) were taken, processed for light microscopy, and stained with the avidin–biotin peroxidase complex method for immunohistochemical detection of testosterone. The Leydig cells were classified by their morphology (normal, multivacuolated, and pleomorphic Leydig cells) and by their staining affinity for anti‐testosterone antibodies (T−, T+, and T++ cells), and the average numbers of each cell type for each group of testes were calculated. Normal testes showed morpholigically normal interstitial Leydig cells (96·0 ± 10 per cent) and multivacuolated Leydig cells (4·0 ± 1 per cent). Cryptorchid testes showed normal Leydig cells (85·8 ± 11 per cent) and multivacuolated Leydig cells (14·2 ± 2·3 per cent). Men with KS showed normal Leydig cells (78·9 ± 9·1 per cent), multivacuolated Leydig cells (9·2 ± 1·2 per cent), and pleomorphic Leydig cells (11·0 ± 1·8 per cent). The percentage of T++ cells was higher in normal testes (29·4 ± 2·1 per cent) than in CR (11·4 ± 2·2 per cent) and KS testes (6·3 ± 0·7 per cent). This suggests reduced functional Leydig cell activity in CR and KS. Multivacuolated Leydig cells showed weaker immunostaining than did normal Leyding cells in all the testicular groups. No immunostaining was shown by pleomorphic Leydig cells. Intratubular Leydig cells were only found in CR and KS. Immunostaining was weaker in intratubular Leydig cells than in interstitial Leydig cells. This suggests that intratubular location reduces functional activity of Leydig cells.
Phenotypic analysis of malignant lymphoma in simian immunodeficiency virus infection using anti‐human antibodies
Authors: Ramsay Alan D. , Giddings June , Baskerville Arthur , Cranage Martin P. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractPrimates infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) develop a condition similar to the human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The close resemblance between the simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (SAIDS) and the human disease has led to the widespread use of SIV‐infected monkeys as an animal model in the study of acquired immunodeficiency. We have investigated the use of standard anti‐human antibodies for the immunohistochemical analysis of formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissues from monkeys with SAIDS. With the exception of antibodies UCHL1 (CD45RO), MT1 (CD43), 4KB5 (CD45RA), and Ber H2 (CD30), our routine (human) lymphoma panel of markers worked successfully on the animal tissues. Using the anti‐human antibodies, we were able to analyse the phenotypes of two cases of malignant lymphoma arising in a study group of 26 SIV‐infected rhesus monkeys. Both of the cases stained with the antibodies WR16(CD45RA) and L26 (CD20), and the B‐cell lineage of the lymphomas was confirmed by the detection of IgAδ immunoglobulin expression in one case, and IgM heavy chain in the other. We therefore report the successful use of anti‐human antibodies in the immunohistochemical analysis of lymphomas arising in non‐human primates infected with SIV.
Epstein–Barr virus and carcinomas: Undifferentiated carcinomas but not squamous cell carcinomas of the nasopharynx are regularly associated with the virus
Authors: Niedobitek Gerald , Hansmann Martin L. , Herbst Hermann , Young Lawrence S. , Dienemann Dieter , Hartmann Carl A. , Finn Teresa , Pitteroff Sibylle , Welt Anja , Anagnostopoulos Ioannis , Friedrich Reinhard , Lobeck Hartmut , Sam Choon K. , Araujo Iguaracyra , Rickinson Alan B. , Stein Harald 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is consistently associated with undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). There is, however, conflicting evidence as to whether squamous cell NPCs are also EBV associated. Moreover, it has been proposed that other epithelial tumours, particularly thymomas and thymic carcinomas, should be included in the group of EBV‐associated neoplasias. However, since the viral DNA in these studies was demonstrated only in extracted DNA, the cellular origin of the viral DNA is uncertain. We have therefore investigated 152 epithelial tumours from various sites for the presnece of EBV‐DNA by in situ hybridization with 35S‐labelled probes. Sixty‐eight of 77 undifferentiated NPCs showed an EBV‐specific autoradiographic signal, thus confirming the strong association of this tumour type with EBV even in geographical areas where undifferentiated NPC is not endemic. None of eight squamous cell NPCs showed an EBV‐specific signal. All of 15 carcinomas with a similar morphology to undifferentiated NPC but from different anatomic sites (thymus, tonsil, breast) were EBV‐negative as were 9 thymomas, 26 squamous cell carcinomas of the palatine tonsil, and 14 cervical carcinomas. Our results therefore suggest a unique association of EBV with undifferentiated NPC and support concepts assigning different biological properties to undifferentiated NPC as compared with squamous cell NPC.
AgNOR area in interphase nuclei of human tumours correlates with the proliferative activity evaluated by bromodeoxyuridine labelling and Ki‐67 immunostaining
Authors: Trerè Davide , Farabegoli Fulvia , Cancellieri Alessandra , Ceccarelli Claudio , Eusebi Vincenzo , Derenzini Massimo 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe area of silver‐stained proteins associated with interphase nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) was compared with labelling data obtained by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and Ki‐67 immunostaining in 25 tumours of different origins and two non‐neoplastic lesions of the thyroid. Our data demonstrate a highly significant correlation between the mean area occupied by the AgNOR proteins masured by an image processing system and the proliferative indices evaluated by BrdU labelling (r = 0·89, P < 0·001) and Ki‐67 immunostaining (r = 0·86, P < 0·001). AgNOR protein area measurement is therefore proposed as a simple, inexpensive, and reliable method of evaluating the proliferative activity in routinely processed tumour samples.
Insulitis in type 1 (insulin‐dependent) diabetes mellitus in man—macrophages, lymphocytes, and interferon‐γ containing cells
Authors: Foulis A. K. , McGill M. , Farquharson M. A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThis study sought to determine, firstly, the relative frequency of lymphocytes and macrophages and, secondly, the percentage of lymphocytes containing interferon‐γ in inflamed islets (insulitis) of patients with type 1 (insulindependent) diabetes. Autopsy pancreases of 12 patients who had died of recent‐onset type 1 diabetes and one prediabetic patient who had died of cardiomyopathy were examined immunohistochemically. In the 87 islets that were studied, the lymphocyte macrophage ratio was 9·7:1 and approximately 40 per cent of the lymphocytes contained interferon‐γ. Interferon‐γ release in the insulitis process may be involved in the pathogensis of type 1 diabetes.
Demonstration of insulin and glucagon mRNA in routinely fixed and processed pancreatic tissue by in‐situ hybridization
Authors: Shorrock Kenneth , Roberts Phillipa , Pringle James H. , Lauder Ian 
Published: June 2005

AbstractHuman insulin and glucagon mRNA were identified in routinely processed pancreatic tissue by non‐radioactive in‐situ hybridization using digoxigenin‐labelled oligoncleotide probes. Cocktails of synthetic oligonucleotides complementary to human insulin and glucagon mRNA were labelled with digoxigenin using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (Tdt). Specific hybrids were detected with alkaline phosphatase‐labelled anti‐digoxigenin antibody and visualized by BCIP‐nitroblue tetrazolium indicator substrate. The results showed highly sensitive and specific staining of islet cells on a range of routinely formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded tissues. Post‐mortem pancreatic tissue from adults and stillborn neonates yielded acceptable signals as long as tissue morphology was well preserved. Preliminary investigations using pancreatic endocrine cell tumours gave clear easily interpretable signals which were comparable to conventional immunostaining. The application of this technique promises to be of value in the investigation of pancreatic disease.
The expression of parathyroid hormone messenger RNA in normal and abnormal parathyroid tissue
Authors: Kendall C. H. , Roberts Phillipa A. , Pringle J. H. , Lauder I. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe distribution and expression of preproparathyroid hormone (PTH) mRNA were investigated in parathyroid tissue from 57 parathyroidectomy specimens. PTH mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization using digoxigeninlabelled oligonucleotide probes. Cell morphology was seen to correlate with PTH mRNA expression. Strong expression of PTH mRNA was confined to cells which on haematoxylin and eosin staining had large vesicular nuclei. These included both vaculated and non‐vacuolated cells. Chief cells with small dark nuclei and scanty cytoplasm had little or no expression. In both adenoma and chief cell hyperplasia, the striking difference from normal was the greatly increased proportion of cells expressing PTH mRNA. In adenomas, the rim of uninvolved parathyroid tissue showed PTH mRNA expression similar to that of normal parathyroid. In hyperplasia, there was frequently concordance of staining within individual nodules. The findings establish morphological criteria for activity of parathyroid tissue and support current concepts of the different pathogenesis of hyperplasia and adenoma. The expression of PTH mRNA in oxyphil change and parathyroid carcinomas was also investigated.
Leakiness of gastric superficial and foveolar cells. A quantitative electron microscopic study using tannic acid
Authors: Hopwood D. , Milne G. , Penston J. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractTwo adjacent antral biopsies were taken endoscopically from 41 patients attending a clinic for the investigation of upper gastrointestinal tract symptoms. One was processed for histopathological grading and assessment of the Helicobacter pylori by light microscopy. The other was fixed in tannic acid, which demonstrates cell leakiness, and processed for electron microscopy. On each grid, the light (electron lucent) and dark (electron dense—leaky) gastric superficial and foveolar cells away from mechanical trauma of biopsy were counted, along with the number of H. pylori which were in contact with the epithelial cells.There was a significant relationship between histological grade of gastritis and the extent of electron microscopic damage, i.e., the degradation of normal to leaky cells and the number of H. pylori per leaky cell.If the patients were divided into two groups with minimal and maximal gastritis and compared against each other, then there was a significant difference between the two groups with respect to surface cell damage, polymorphs per unit area, the number of glands invaded by polymorphs, light/dark cells, Helicobacter grades assessed light microscopically or totals counted in contact with epithelial cells by electron microscopy, the number of Helicobacter per cell, and the age of the patients. There was no difference between the two groups on their endoscopic appearances or treatment with H2 blockers or NSAIDS.
Immunohistochemical demonstration of keratin 7 in routinely fixed paraffin‐embedded human tissues
Authors: Van Niekerk Catharina C. , Jap Paul H. K. , Ramaekers Frans C. S. , Van De Molengraft Fred , Poels Lambert G. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe immunoreactivity of OV‐TL 12/30, a monoclonal anti‐keratin 7 antibody (Mab), was investigated on frozen as well as paraffin‐embedded human tissues. Its reactivity patterns were compared with another well‐characterized monoclonal antibody to keratin 7 (RCK 105), and with broadly cross‐reacting monclonal (OV‐TL 12/5) as well as polyclonal (pKer) keratin antisera. In frozen sections of normal and malignant human tissues both keratin 7 Mabs gave similar staining patterns. The immunoreactivity for OV‐TL 12/30 and the polyclonal antibody (pKer) in tissue sections fixed in 4 per cent formalin or Bouin solution, was completely restored when pretreated with 0·1 per cent pronase, 0·1 per cent trypsin in phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) or with 0·5 per cent pepsin in 0·01 N HCl. Except for loss of immunoreactivity on human normal stomach surface epithelium and glandular mucous cells, Mab OV‐TL 12/30 reacted strongly positive with essentially all those formalin‐ or Bouin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissues that had been shown to stain in non‐fixed, frozen sections. In addition to the good correlation in normal human tissues, a complete correlation between the reactivity on frozen and paraffin‐embedded human carcinomas (n = 86) was found as well. While both RCK 105 (anti‐keratin 7) and OV‐TL 12/5 (anti‐keratin 5, 7, 14, 19) did not stain on paraffin‐embedded sections, the polyclonal control antiserum (pKer) lost immunoreactivity in some cell types (e.g. mucous cells in compound glands, hepatocytes, pancreatic acinar cells, and proximal and distal convoluted tubules of the kidney). Our study shows that the keratin 7 Mab OV‐TL 12/30 is an excellent marker for tumour histopathology since it is reactive in paraffin‐embedded formalin‐fixed human tissues.
Composition and organization of cell–substratum contacts in normal and neoplastic renal epithelium
Authors: Rahilly Maeve A. , Salter Donald M. , Fleming Stewart 
Published: June 2005

AbstractWe have investigated the molecular basis of the organization of cell–substratum contact in normal and neoplastic renal epithelium. The several components of focal contacts and non‐collagenous basement membrane glycoproteins have been identified by antibodies, detected by immunofluorescene and viewed by laser scanning microscopy. Tubular epithelial cells grown on glass coverslips expressed laminin at the cell periphery. Co‐localized with laminin were receptors of the β1 integrin class, and the cytoplasmic plaque proteins vinculin and talin. When basement membrane glycoproteisn laminin or fibronectin were exogenously supplied by growing cells on coated coverslips, the vinculintalin‐ and integrin‐containing contact became organized into linear arrays with intervening free cell membranes. Under these conditions the actin cytoskeleton became highly organized. By contrast some tumour cells showed a reduction in focal contact molecules and a failure to organize these structures in response to laminin or fibronectin. This loss of cell matrix interaction may be important during the progression of renal tumours.