bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters in predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zheng Lu , Bian Yanzhu , Hu Yujing , Tian Congna , Zhang Xinchao , Li Shuheng , Yang Xin , Qin Yanan 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo analyse positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging and clinical data from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), to identify characteristics of survival beneficiaries of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment and to establish a survival prediction model.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on PET/CT imaging and clinical parameters of 155 NSCLC patients who underwent baseline PET/CT examination at the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hebei General Hospital. The Kaplan–Meier curve was employed to compare progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between the ICIs and non-ICIs group and to assess the impact of variables on PFS and OS in the ICIs group. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was conducted with parameters significantly associated with survival in univariate analysis.ResultsSignificant differences were observed in PFS (χ2 = 11.910, p = 0.0006) and OS (χ2 = 8.343, p = 0.0039). Independent predictors of PFS in the ICIs group included smoking history[hazard ratio (HR) = 2.522, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.044 ~ 6.091, p = 0.0398], SUVmax of the primary lesion(HR = 0.2376, 95%CI: 0.1018 ~ 0.5548, p = 0.0009), MTVp (HR = 0.0755, 95%CI: 0.0284 ~ 0.2003, p &lt; 0.001), and TLGp (HR = 0.1820, 95%CI: 0.0754 ~ 0.4395, p = 0.0002). These were also independent predictors of OS in the ICIs group[HR(95%CI) were 2.729 (1.125 ~ 6.619), 0.2636 (0.1143 ~ 0.6079), 0.0715 (0.0268 ~ 0.1907), 0.2102 (0.0885 ~ 0.4992), both p &lt; 0.05)]. Age was an additional independent predictor of OS (HR = 0.4140, 95%CI: 0.1748 ~ 0.9801, p = 0.0449).ConclusionSmoking history, primary lesion SUVmax, MTVp, and TLGp were independent predictors of PFS, whilst age, smoking history, SUVmax, MTVp, and TLGp were independent predictors of OS in the ICIs group. Patients without a history of smoking and with SUVmax ≤19.2, MTVp ≤20.745cm3, TLGp ≤158.62 g, and age ≤ 60 years benefited more from ICI treatment.
Crab bioturbation alters the community assemblies of abundant and rare bacteria on an intertidal wetland in the Yellow River estuary
Authors: Wang Zhikang , Wang Yongqi , Yang Jisong , Yan Junfen , Yang Kaixin , Ren Zhonghua , Wang Wei , He Yang , Li Min , Zhan Junfei , Guan Bo , Wang Xuehong , Li Yunzhao , Zhou Di , Cui Buli , Yu Junbao 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionRevealing assembly patterns of abundant and rare bacteria is pivotal for comprehending the responses of soil bacterial community to environmental changes. Crabs exert significant impacts on soil environments through their frequent burrowing activities in intertidal wetlands. However, there remains a paucity of knowledge regarding the influencing mechanism of crab bioturbation on community assemblies of abundant and rare bacteria.MethodsWe delved into community structures, co-occurrence networks, and assembly processes of abundant and rare bacteria within crab-bioturbated soils (encompassing burrows and mounds) across an intertidal wetland.Results and discussionThe compositions and diversities of abundant and rare subcommunities were notably altered in crab-bioturbated soils. Moreover, the co-occurrence network analysis unveiled that crab bioturbation substantially modified the interaction patterns of rare bacteria, whereas its influence on abundant bacteria was comparatively minor. Furthermore, we discovered that the assembly processes of abundant subcommunities were primarily influenced by stochastic processes, while rare subcommunity assemblies were collectively shaped by both stochastic and deterministic processes. In conclusion, our study elucidates the mechanism by which crab bioturbation mediates the distinct assembly processes of abundant and rare subcommunities, and underscores the importance of considering rare bacteria when evaluating the ecological functions of intertidal wetlands.
Transitioning of protein substitutes in patients with phenylketonuria: a pilot study
Authors: Yilmaz Nas Ozlem , Ashmore Catherine , Evans Sharon , Pinto Alex , Daly Anne , Yabanci Ayhan Nurcan , MacDonald Anita 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionIn phenylketonuria (PKU), there is limited information about transitioning between protein substitutes and the influencing factors, particularly in young children. This pilot study assessed the stepwise transition from second to third-stage protein substitutes in children with PKU, aged 3–5 years.MethodsDemographics, child behavior, maternal anxiety, and food neophobia scores were collected at baseline, mid-transition, and final assessment. Blood phenylalanine (Phe) was collected from 6 months pre-baseline to post-final assessment.ResultsTwelve children (n = 4 males, 33%, median age 3.2 years) participated. Sixty-seven percent (n = 8) transitioned to liquid amino acid-based protein substitute and 33% (n = 4) to glycomacropeptide (cGMP) powder. Forty-two percent (n = 5/12) had a smooth transition (Group 1, median 3.5 months), while the remaining faced difficulty (n = 3, 25%, Group 2), or failed full transition (n = 4, 33%, Group 3). In Groups 2 and 3, caregivers failed to follow instructions, demonstrating inconsistencies and child resistance. Group 2 children had significantly higher blood Phe levels (above 360 μmol/L), that was significantly higher than Groups 1 and 3 (p &lt; 0.01), with Groups 1 and 3 maintaining blood Phe within target (p &lt; 0.01). Higher maternal education and nursery/school attendance significantly influenced transition success (p &lt; 0.05). No significant differences were found in child neophobia, maternal anxiety, or child behavior (p &gt; 0.05). Mothers generally reported satisfaction with the stepwise transition process.ConclusionA stepwise transition to third-stage protein substitutes in PKU is effective, but is dependent on child metabolic control, parental education, and nursery/school support.
Prognosis of nodal micrometastasis in resectable pN0 non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Siwachat Sophon , Tantraworasin Apichat , Lertprasertsuke Nirush , Saeteng Somcharoen 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundNodal micrometastasis (NMM) is the presence of a small cluster of tumor cells in a regional lymph node. However, the prognostic value of NMM in resectable NSCLC is still debated.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital from 2006 to 2017 assesses the prognostic impact of nodal micrometastasis in resectable pN0 NSCLC patients, using immunohistochemistry staining for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, p53, and BerEp4. Patients are categorized into three groups: pN0 without nodal micrometastasis, pN0 with nodal micrometastasis, and pN+. Overall survival is the primary endpoint, with disease-free survival as the secondary endpoint.ResultsOut of 225 patients, 98 had pathological N0 (pN0) status and 127 had pathological N positive (pN+) status. Among pN0 patients, nodal micrometastasis was found in 21 cases (21.43%), distributed as follows: 2 (2.04%) in hilar and interlobar regions (N1), 17 (17.35%) in the mediastinal region (N2), and 2 in both hilar and mediastinal regions (N1+N2) (2.04%).Univariable analysis revealed that male sex and the presence of tumor necrosis increased both the recurrence rate of lung cancer and the mortality rate, whereas larger tumor size, intra-tumoral vascular invasion, and pleural invasion were associated solely with cancer recurrence. However, multivariable analysis showed no statistically significant difference in disease-free survival and overall survival between pN0 patients with and without NMM, with hazard ratios of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.31-3.08, P=0.973) and 1.11 (95% CI: 0.23-5.42, P=0.900), respectively.ConclusionNodal micrometastasis was identified in 21.43% of pN0 resectable NSCLC patients. However, the benefits of NMM detection in resectable cases remain controversial due to conflicting results from retrospective studies. Larger prospective cohort studies are needed to better understand disease prognosis and inform treatment strategies.
Risk factors for lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis in patients with rectal neuroendocrine tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Ziyue , Zhu Dajian 
Published: January 2025

Background and objectiveLateral pelvic lymph node (LPLN) metastasis is one of the prominent reasons for local recurrence in patients with rectal neuroendocrine tumors (RNETs). The evaluation criteria of lateral lymph node metastasis for patients and the indications and value of lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPLD) have been controversial. Total mesorectal excision (TME), a conventional surgical treatment for RNETs, excluding lateral lymph nodes, may be one of the reasons for postoperative local recurrence. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for LPLN metastasis in patients with RNETs in order to guide surgical methods.MethodsWe searched relevant databases (PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) for articles published between 1 January 2000 and 1 April 2024 to evaluate the risk factors for LPLN metastasis in patients with RNETs in this meta-analysis.ResultsA total of seven articles with 433 patients were included in this study. The overall results showed that a WHO grade &gt; G1, tumor invasion of the muscularis propria or deeper, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), mesorectal lymph node metastasis (MLNM), and distant metastasis (M1) were significant risk factors for LPLN metastasis in patients with RNETs (P &lt;0.05).ConclusionThis study identified key risk factors for LPLN metastasis in patients with RNETs, providing guidance for treatment strategies. A comprehensive evaluation of these risk factors and imaging findings is recommended to tailor personalized treatment strategies that optimize survival outcomes and improve quality of life.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42024581891.
Prognostic and clinicopathological role of soluble programmed cell death ligand-1 in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Hongbin , Luo Lulu , Mi Jie , Sun Min , Wang Huaping , Wang Zheng , Ding Wenwen 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe significance of soluble programmed death protein ligand-1 (PD-L1) in predicting the prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has been previously analyzed, but with conflicting results. This study investigated the effect of soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) expression on the prognosis of patients with DLBCL.MethodsWe comprehensively searched the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and CNKI databases between their inception and August 14, 2024. The value of sPD-L1 in predicting the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with DLBCL was analyzed by computing the combined hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Associations between sPD-L1 and the clinicopathological factors of DLBCL were explored by combining odds ratios (ORs) and 95%CIs.ResultsSeven articles involving 826 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Based on our pooled data, elevated sPD-L1 was closely related to poor OS (HR = 2.81, 95%CI = 1.99–3.95, p &lt; 0.001) and inferior PFS (HR = 3.16, 95%CI = 1.41–7.08, p = 0.005) of DLBCL. Moreover, based on the pooled data, higher sPD-L1 was significantly related to the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status Scale (ECOG PS) ≥2 (OR=4.10, 95%CI=1.82-9.24, p=0.001), clinical stage III-IV (OR = 3.30, 95%CI = 1.48–7.39, p = 0.004), elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels (OR = 2.14, 95%CI = 1.07–4.30, p = 0.032), and the International Prognostic Index (IPI) score 3–5 (OR = 3.83, 95%CI = 1.91–7.68, p &lt; 0.001) in DLBCL.ConclusionAccording to our findings, a higher sPD-L1 level was a significant predictor of poor OS and PFS in patients with DLBCL. Elevated sPD-L1 levels are closely related to factors representing disease aggressiveness in DLBCL.
Preparation of Tragopogon graminifolius-loaded electrospun nanofibers and evaluating its wound healing activity in a rat model of skin scar
Authors: Almasi Leila , Arkan Elham , Farzaei Mohammad Hosein , Iranpanah Amin , Jalili Cyrus , Abbaszadeh Fatemeh , Aghaz Faranak , Fakhri Sajad , Echeverría Javier 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundGrowing reports are dedicated to providing novel agents for wound healing with fewer adverse effects and higher efficacy. The efficacy of nanofibers composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyethylene oxide (PEO)/chitosan (CS) in promoting wound healing can be attributed to their ability to stimulate collagen production. Among the herbal agents with fewer adverse effects, Tragopogon graminifolius DC. [Asteraceae] (TG), also called “Sheng” in traditional Iranian medicine, is one of the most efficacious plants for treating various skin injuries due to its several pharmacological and biological effects like anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.PurposeIn the present study, our objective was to assess the wound-healing activity of PVA/PEO/CS nanofibers containing TG in a rat model of excision wound repair.MethodsSynthesized nanofibers from PVA, PEO, and CS were done by the electrospinning method and confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The release tests of nanofibers were assessed through the UV-visible method at different time intervals, which were conducted for about 60 h. To evaluate the wound healing effects, rats were divided into four distinct groups, including negative control (untreated), phenytoin cream (as positive control), polymer (PVA/PEO/CS), and drug (nanofiber-containing 50% of TG extract; named PVA/PEO/CS/TG) groups. All treatments were administered topically once daily for 14 days. Wound size changes were investigated in different time intervals. On the 15th day, nitrite and catalase serum levels were measured. Furthermore, samples of skin tissue were extracted and subjected to histopathological analysis.ResultsPVA/PEO/CS nanofibers containing 1.2 g of PVA, 0.3 g of PEO, and 0.8 g of CS, along with 50% of TG extract (PVA/PEO/CS/TG) at 17 kV were selected based on its favorable morphology and uniform quality. PVA/PEO/CS/TG represented a notable reduction in wound sizes. Moreover, in histopathological analysis, PVA/PEO/CS/TG showed a lower presence of inflammatory cells, higher density of dermis collagen fibers, and better regeneration of the epidemic layer. In addition, PVA/PEO/CS/TG elevated plasma antioxidant capacity via increasing catalase while reducing nitrite levels.ConclusionPVA/PEO/CS/TG is a promising wound dressing nanofiber with antioxidant and tissue regeneration potential. These results encourage further studies for the development of TG nanofibers as promising agents in treating and accelerating the process of excision wound repair.
MP-LLAVRec: an agricultural product recommendation algorithm based on LLAVA and user modal preference
Authors: Li Peishan , Gao Lutao , Zhang Lilian , Peng Lin , Bai Chunhui , Yang Linnan 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionWith the booming development of e-commerce, agricultural product recommendation plays an increasingly important role in helping consumers discover and select products. However, the following three problems still exist in the traditional agricultural product recommendation domain: (1) the problem of missing modalities made it difficult for consumers to intuitively and comprehensively understood the product information; (2) most of them relied on shallow information about the basic attributes of agricultural products and ignored the deeper associations among the products; (3) they ignored the deeper connections among individual users and the intrinsic associations between the user embedding and the localized user representation in different modalities, which affected the accuracy of user modeling and hindered the final recommendation effect.MethodsTo address these problems, this paper innovatively proposed an agricultural product recommendation algorithm based on LLAVA and user behavioral characteristics, MP-LLaVRec(Modal Preference - Large Language and Vision Recommendation). It consisted of three main components: (1) LLAVA data enhancement, which introduced a multimodal macromodel to improve the understanding of node attributes; (2) agricultural product association relationship fusion, which constructed and improved the complex association network structure among products to ensure that the system can better understand the substitution relationship, complementary relationship, and implied consumption logic among products; (3) user modal preference feature extraction block, which deeply mined the interaction data between consumers and products, and advanced the effective user feature information from the correspondence between global user representations and local modal user representations.Results and DiscussionWe conduct experiments on a real dataset from Amazon's large-scale e-commerce platform to verify the effectiveness of MP-LLAVRec. The experimental results of four metirs, NDCG@10, NDCG@20, Recall@10 and Recall@20, showed that the method has a better performance than the baseline model.
Serum advanced glycation end products as a putative biomarker in Type2 DKD patients’ prognosis
Authors: Wang Ze-Hou , Zhang Zong-Jin , Wang Yue-Fen , Xie Jin , Li Yi-Min , Shen Cun , Meng Yuan , Zhao Wen-Jing , Sun Lu-Ying , Liu Wei Jing 
Published: January 2025

AimAdvanced glycation end products (AGEs) are pivotal mediators in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, their prognostic utility remains underexplored. This study introduced corrected lgAGEs [novel biomarker derived by adjusting logarithmically transformed AGEs (lgAGEs) levels based on serum albumin (ALB) levels] to enhance the prediction of adverse renal outcomes in patients with type 2 DKD (T2DKD).MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, 196 T2DKD patients were followed up longitudinally. Serum AGEs levels were log-transformed and adjusted for ALB to calculate corrected lgAGEs. Participants were stratified into the high- and low-level groups based on the median corrected lgAGEs. The association between corrected lgAGEs and renal outcomes was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to evaluate the predictive performance of corrected lgAGEs alone and in combination with the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR).ResultsHigh level of corrected lgAGEs was independently associated with adverse renal outcomes [hazard ratio (HR), 3.252; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.461–7.243; p = 0.003]. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients in the high-level group (12 months) exhibited significantly shorter median survival times compared with those in the low-level group (50 months). ROC analysis showed that UACR alone had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.782 (95% CI, 0.705–0.858), with 82.8% sensitivity and 61.5% specificity. Corrected lgAGEs achieved an AUC of 0.725 (95% CI, 0.637–0.814), with 69.0% sensitivity and 76.9% specificity. Combining UACR and corrected lgAGEs improved the specificity to 75.6%, with an AUC of 0.764 (95% CI, 0.682–0.847), while maintaining a sensitivity of 70.7%.ConclusionCorrected lgAGEs are novel and independent biomarkers for predicting adverse renal outcomes in T2DKD. Combining UACR with corrected lgAGEs could enhance risk stratification by improving the specificity, highlighting its potential application in early identification of high-risk patients. These findings should be validated in broader populations in future research.
Metabolome and transcriptome analysis reveal the pigments biosynthesis pathways in different color fruit peels of Clausena lansium L. Skeels
Authors: Zhao Zhichang , Adjei Mark Owusu , Luo Ruixiong , Yu Huaping , Pang Yali , Wang Jian , Zhang Yu , Ma Jun , Gao Aiping 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe color of Clausena lansium L. Skeels cv. Jixin fruit peel is brown (BP), while the mutant cv. Zijin had purple fruit peels (PP). The coloration of the peels was attributed to significant differences in chlorophyll, carotenoid, and anthocyanin content between BP and PP.MethodsThis study investigates the biosynthetic metabolic activities in the brown and purple peels of Clausena lansium L. Skeels using metabolomics and transcriptomics. It aims to identify metabolic pathways and differentially expressed genes related to flavonoids and anthocyanins biosynthesis.ResultsThe PP (purple peel) has higher levels of a-carotene and b-carotene but lower levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and lutein compared to BP. Zeaxanthin was absent from both peels, suggesting that the b-carotene hydroxylase enzyme is not active. Both peels contain delphinidin-based (Dp) and cyanidin-based (Cy) anthocyanins, but not pelargonidin-based (Pg). The total anthocyanin content and the Dp/Cy ratio are higher in PP than in BP. The delphinidin, cyanidin, and mallow derivatives in the PP were significantly higher than in the BP. The increase of total anthocyanin content and Dp/Cy ratio may be the main reason for the peel color changing from brown to purple. The significant increase of F3H expression in purple peels suggested a higher efficiency of catalyzing the conversion of naringenin into dihydroflavonols in the PP, leading to the higher content of total anthocyanin. Despite the significant increase of FLS expression in PP, the contents of kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin significantly decreased, suggesting that the increase of FLS expression did not lead to an increase in flavonol biosynthesis.DiscussionThe competition between F3’H and F3’5’H may determine the ratio of Dp/Cy, the higher levels of F3’H, F3’5’H, and UFGT expression, lead to the increase accumulation of total anthocyanin and Dp/Cy in PP. The deficiency of Pg in both peels resulted from the substrate specificity of the DFR enzyme. The research also describes the transition in color from BP to PP and details of the biosynthetic pathways for carotenoids and anthocyanins, elucidating the molecular processes underlying anthocyanin production.