bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the Electrochemical Performance of Zinc Sulfides by Iron Doping Toward Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Mohamed Saad Gomaa , Morad Mona Mahmoud , Siddiqui Masoom Raza , Mahmud Abdullah Al , Zoubi Wail Al 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe rational design of heterostructured Fe‐doped ZnS microspheres (FeZnS‐MS) and their use as electrode materials for supercapacitors (SCs) is proposed. FeZnS‐MS are mounted on a Ni foam substrate to develop high‐activity positive electrodes for SCs. The morphological and electrochemical performances of the hydrothermally synthesized FeZnS‐MS are investigated, revealing the formation of microspherical Fe‐doped ZnS nanocubes. Different Fe ratios (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) are successfully introduced to ZnS without impurities, whereas two phases are produced when the percentage is increased to 0.4. Notably, under a current density of 2 A g−1, the Zn0.7Fe0.3S nanocomposite showed an exceptional specific capacitance of 575 F g−1, compared to the moderate value (200 F g−1) achieved by ZnS. At 0.5 and 1 A g−1, the Zn0.7Fe0.3S electrode presented an even better specific capacitance of 700 and 604.5 F g−1, respectively. Using this electrode, a hybrid supercapacitor system is developed and delivered 11 Wh kg−1 and a high specific power of 591.2 W kg−1.
Unique Yttria Nanoparticle Strengthening in an Inconel 718 Superalloy Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Dai Shengbin , Zhu Jiangqi , Yan Xingchen , Wu Shun , Liu Yang , Gao Xiang , Fraser Hamish , Hodgson Peter , Zhu Yuman , Heilmaier Martin , Huang Aijun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) nickel (Ni)‐based superalloys are advanced materials known for their outstanding tensile and creep performance at temperatures exceeding 1000 °C. Nevertheless, their conventional synthesis presents a longstanding challenge in cost‐effectively producing intricate components for critical applications. In this work, electrostatic self‐assembly (ESA) of powders with the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process are successfully combined to produce yttria ODS Inconel 718 (IN718) alloy for the first time. This approach demonstrates a significant contribution of yttria to the strength of IN718 after the solid solution heat treatment, as evidenced by ≈50% improvement in room temperature yield strength with a 0.5 wt.% yttria addition. The addition of yttria by this process leads to a heterogeneous microstructure. This heterogeneous microstructure comprises two distinct grain areas with varying amounts of yttria nanoparticles and dislocation storage. The results show that the yield strength increase can be predicted by the combination of both Y2O3 dispersion strengthening and dislocation strengthening mechanisms. These findings offer an effective approach to tailor heterogeneous microstructures, unlocking new opportunities for cost‐effectively producing high‐performance ODS Ni‐based superalloy products with excellent mechanical properties.
Molecular Insight into the Water‐Induced Enhancement of Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence in Organic Aggregates
Authors: Lv Anqi , Gong Wenqi , Lv Kaiqi , Ma Qian , An Zhongfu , Ma Huili 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOrganic room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) from triplet excitons has shown great potential for biological imaging and sensing, but these applications in aqueous environments are often limited by the moisture‐mediated phosphorescence quenching. Water‐induced enhancement of RTP can overcome this limitation, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study focuses on two control prototypes CT and CTW, composed of trimesic acid (TMA, guest) and cyanuric acid (CA, host), while CTW introduces 20 wt.% water to CT, leading to enhanced RTP. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the molecular conformation of TMA manipulated by intermolecular interactions governs the RTP property of aggregates. From CT to CTW, the TMA tends to a more coplanar geometry due to the decreased values in the span of deviation from plane. This conformational change not only increases the spin‐orbit coupling (SOC) of S1→Tn, thereby accelerating the intersystem crossing process and radiative transition for promoting RTP efficiency, but also reduces the SOC of T1→S0, suppressing the non‐radiative transition to prolong RTP lifetime. Exciton dynamics reproduce the prolonged RTP lifetime from CT to CTW in experiments, which is dominated by the SOC, rather than the electron‐vibration coupling. The findings offer novel insights for developing water‐doped materials with improved RTP performance.
Heterovalent Doping in CsCdCl3 Enabled Tunable Multimode Luminescence and Photochromism Toward Multilevel Anti‐Counterfeiting
Authors: Zhou Xinquan , Zhang Shuai , Han Kai , Jin Jiance , Sun Yongsheng , Xia Zhiguo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntegrating self‐trapped excitons (STEs), dopants, and defect levels in a single‐component metal halide perovskite will be of significance for tunable multimode luminescence and photochromism. Here, a platform utilizing interactions of STEs, defects, and alien dopants in CsCdCl3 by a heterovalent doping strategy is demonstrated, in which the photoluminescence quantum efficiency is improved, and more importantly, the emissions can be manipulated statically and dynamically by dopants and changing excitation wavelength/irradiation time. Meanwhile, the presence of carrier trapping and de‐trapping processes leads to bright orange–near‐infrared persistent luminescence and photochromic behaviors, which can be quickly erased by white light, enabling visual displays and codable in dark and bright dual‐fields. Inspired by these versatile optical characteristics of doped luminescent metal halides, a multilevel encryption and anti‐counterfeiting platform with the advantages of nondestructive and convenient authentication is constructed.
3D Stretchable Devices: Laser‐Patterned Electronic and Photonic Structures
Authors: Thekkekara Litty V , Cheong Ying Zhi , Rahman Md. Ataur , Sriram Sharath , Bhaskaran Madhu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRealizing three‐dimensional stretchable structures of functional materials with a minimum footprint on Silicone polymer is highly desirable in soft robotics, stretchable electronics, and photonics. However, material processing on a stretchable substrate requires a sophisticated deposition system with integrated substrate cooling facilities, delamination of materials from the stretchable substrate due to stretching‐releasing cycles, and coating the functional materials. Here, a methodology to address these challenges using in situ graphitization within silicone polymer, referring to transforming the material into graphite‐like structures using three‐dimensional laser printing is reported. In this case, the graphitization process occurs due to the interaction of the material with a spatially controllable, tightly focused femtosecond laser beam in the confined region within the polymer. Three‐dimensional printed embedded, stretchable electrodes and varifocal lenses of thickness 1/20th compared to the epidermis layer thickness of human skin, which can contribute to achieving compact, highly sensitive wearable sensing and imaging systems are demonstrated and characterized. This process will open a new door for forming non‐metallic stretchable three‐dimensional conductors and photonics with minimum exposure to atmospheric conditions and a pathway to interface with thin films to develop low‐dimensional devices. These graphitized three‐dimensional structures can make them integral to intelligent skins, e‐textiles, and implantable devices.
Hypoxia‐induced cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator dysfunction is a universal mechanism underlying reduced mucociliary transport in sinusitis
Authors: Cho Do‐Yeon , Zhang Shaoyan , Norwood T. Graham , Skinner Daniel , Hollis Tonja A. , Ehrhardt Marie L. , Yang Lydia C. , Lim Dong‐Jin , Grayson Jessica W. , Lazrak Ahmed , Matalon Sadis , Rowe Steven M. , Woodworth Bradford A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionHypoxia due to sinus obstruction is a major pathogenic mechanism leading to sinusitis. The objective of the current study is to define the electrophysiologic characteristics of hypoxia in vitro and in vivo.MethodsCystic fibrosis bronchoepithelial cells expressing wild‐type cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and human sinonasal epithelial cells were exposed to 1% or atmospheric O2 for 24 h. Time‐dependent production of cytoplasmic free radicals was measured. Cells were subjected to Ussing chamber and patch clamp technique where CFTR currents were recorded in whole‐cell and cell‐attached mode for single channel studies. Indices of mucociliary transport (MCT) were measured using micro‐optical coherence tomography. In a rabbit hypoxic maxillary sinus model, tissue oxygenation, relative mRNA expression of HIF‐1α, pH, sinus potential difference (SPD), and MCT were determined.ResultsUssing chamber (p < 0.05), whole‐cell (p < 0.001), and single channel patch‐clamp (p < 0.0001) showed significant inhibition of Cl− currents in hypoxic cells. Cytoplasmic free radicals showed time‐dependent elevation peaking at 4 h (p < 0.0001). Airway surface liquid (p < 0.0001), periciliary liquid (p < 0.001), and MCT (p < 0.01) were diminished. Co‐incubation with the free radical scavenger glutathione negated the impact of hypoxia on single channel currents and MCT markers. In sinusitis rabbits, mucosa exhibited low tissue oxygenation (p < 0.0001), increased HIF1α mRNA (p < 0.05), reduced pH (p < 0.01), and decreased MCT (p < 0.001). SPD measurements demonstrated markedly diminished transepithelial Cl− transport (p < 0.0001).ConclusionHypoxia induces severe CFTR dysfunction via free radical production causing reduced MCT in vitro and in vivo. Improved oxygenation is critical to reducing the impact of persistent mucociliary dysfunction.
P450‐Modified Multicyclic Cyclophane‐Containing Ribosomally Synthesized and Post‐Translationally Modified Peptides
Authors: Liu Cheng Li , Wang Zi Jie , Shi Jing , Yan Zhang Yuan , Zhang Guo Dong , Jiao Rui Hua , Tan Ren Xiang , Ge Hui Ming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCyclic peptides with cyclophane linkers are an attractive compound type owing to the fine‐tuned rigid three‐dimensional structures and unusual biophysical features. Cytochrome P450 enzymes are capable of catalyzing not only the C−C and C−O oxidative coupling reactions found in vancomycin and other nonribosomal peptides (NRPs), but they also exhibit novel catalytic activities to generate cyclic ribosomally synthesized and post‐translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) through cyclophane linkage. To discover more P450‐modified multicyclic RiPPs, we set out to find cryptic and unknown P450‐modified RiPP biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) through genome mining. Synergized bioinformatic analysis reveals that P450‐modified RiPP BGCs are broadly distributed in bacteria and can be classified into 11 classes. Focusing on two classes of P450‐modified RiPP BGCs where precursor peptides contain multiple conserved aromatic amino acid residues, we characterized 11 novel P450‐modified multicyclic RiPPs with different cyclophane linkers through heterologous expression. Further mutation of the key ring‐forming residues and combinatorial biosynthesis study revealed the order of bond formation and the specificity of P450s. This study reveals the functional diversity of P450 enzymes involved in the cyclophane‐containing RiPPs and indicates that P450 enzymes are promising tools for rapidly obtaining structurally diverse cyclic peptide derivatives.
Strategies for revealing deformation and wear mechanisms of polymer composites by combining scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy and cross‐section techniques—Exemplified by glass fiber reinforced poly‐phenylene‐sulphide
Authors: Holmgren Jonna , Heinrichs Lindgren Jannica , Kassman Rudolphi Åsa , Jacobson Staffan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPolymers and polymer composites are frequently used in tribological applications. However, their use is often limited by excessive wear or plastic deformation, therefore research and development aiming to improve the materials is ongoing. Tribological evaluations of polymer composites often study the friction coefficient and wear rate for different types, sizes and amounts of fillers. But rarely are any mechanisms presented. Although polymer materials differ from metals, the techniques typically used for metal components, for example, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), can be adapted to polymer materials, to achieve more informative SEM micrographs and EDS analyses. The aim of this article is to present useful analysis strategies, from sample preparation and selection of viewing angles, to selection of instrument settings and detector types. The strategies are exemplified by analysis of poly‐phenylene‐sulphide filled with glass fiber, evaluated against steel in a reciprocating ball‐on‐flat test set‐up. This article takes its starting point with the worn surfaces, and subsequently analyze them using SEM and EDS. A selection of cross section preparation techniques, analysis parameters and microscopy settings are presented and discussed. By combining these techniques and settings, the observation of a strongly modified surface layer, as well as sub‐surface plastic deformation and imbedded wear particles, is facilitated.
An active learning approach to teach distributed forces using augmented reality with guided inquiry
Authors: Giancaspro James W. , Arboleda Diana , Kim Nam J. , Chin Seulki J. , Britton Jennifer C. , Secada Walter G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMastering the concept of distributed forces is vital for students who are pursuing a major involving engineering mechanics. Misconceptions related to distributed forces that are typically acquired in introductory Physics courses should be corrected to increase student success in subsequent mechanics coursework. The goal of this study was to develop and assess a guided instructional activity using augmented reality (AR) technology to improve undergraduate engineering students' understanding of distributed forces. The AR app was accompanied by a complementary activity to guide and challenge students to model objects as beams with progressively increasing difficulty. The AR tool allowed students to (a) model a tabletop as a beam with multiple distributed forces, (b) visualize the free body diagram, and (c) compute the external support reactions. To assess the effectiveness of the activity, 43 students were allocated to control and treatment groups using an experimental nonequivalent groups preactivity/postactivity test design. Of the 43 students, 35 participated in their respective activity. Students in the control group collaborated on traditional problem‐solving, while those in the treatment group engaged in a guided activity using AR. Students' knowledge of distributed forces was measured using their scores on a 10‐item test instrument. Analysis of covariance was utilized to analyze postactivity test scores by controlling for the preactivity test scores. The treatment group demonstrated a significantly greater improvement in postactivity test scores than that of the control group. The measured effect size was 0.13, indicating that 13% of the total variance in the postactivity test scores can be attributed to the activity. Though the effect size was small, the results suggest that a guided AR activity can be more effective in improving student learning outcomes than traditional problem‐solving.
An infant with lamellar ichthyosis presenting with meningitis
Authors: Mesfin Telila , Tsegaye Mesfin , Seyoum Kenbon , Geta Girma , Ejigu Neway , Elala Tesfaye , Gomora Degefa , Sahiledengle Biniyam , Tadesse Eshetu Mesfin , Kusa Getu , Tilahun Teketel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLamellar ichthyosis is a rare congenital disorder characterized by widespread epidermal hyperkeratinization. It is a rare clinical disorder throughout the entire planet, and newborns with this disease frequently have collodion membranes (adhering, supple, parchment‐like membrane). We present a 45‐day‐old infant who came to our facility complaining of a high‐grade persistent fever, high‐pitched crying, decreased feeding, odd body movements, rapid breathing, and grunting that lasted for 2 days. He was diagnosed with lamellar ichthyosis.
Piezoelectric Effect Promoted Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Ability of ZnIn2S4 Photoanode with Highly Exposed Active (110) Facets
Authors: Li Jiazeyu , Wang Chengyi , Guo Zhengang , Ruan Mengnan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIt is important to design high performance photoelectrode materials in the process of photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. Herein, ZnIn2S4 nanomaterial with highly exposed active (110) facets were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method. Meanwhile, piezoelectric polarization was used to induce the generation of built‐in electric field, which can suppress the compounding of photogenerated charge carriers caused by structural defects at the semiconductor surface. By controlling the crystal facet structure, ZnIn2S4 with a highly exposed active (110) facet shows a better photoelectrochemical water splitting performance under ultrasound, and its photocurrent density increases with the increase of ultrasound frequency, reaching a maximum value of 0.36 mA/cm2 at 1.23 VRHE, which is 2.8 times higher than that without ultrasound. It can be concluded that the (110) facet of ZnIn2S4 can induce a larger internal piezoelectric potential which allows rapid electron transer at the ZnIn2S4 surface, under ultrasonic conditions. And the highly exposed (110) facet also provides more reactive sites, leading to further enhanced catalytic activity. Such nanomaterial with highly exposed active facets will provide inspiration for the construction of photoelectrode systems with high photoelectrochemical water splitting efficiency.
Investigating the Structure‐property Relationships of Two Cd‐based Hybrid Multifunctional Compounds with High Tc, Bright Fluorescence and Wide Band‐gap
Authors: Wan Ming‐Yang , Wang Zhi‐Ying , Li Qing‐Lian , Wang Fang Xin , Liao Juan , Wang Li‐Juan , Tang Yun‐Zhi , Tan Yu‐Hui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOrganic‐inorganic hybrid multifunctional materials have shown significant application in lighting and sensor fields, owing to their prominent performance and diversity structures. Herein, we synthesized two multifunctional compounds: (propyl‐quinuclidone)2CdBr4 (1) and (F‐butyl‐quinuclidone)2CdBr4 (2). By introducing light‐emitting organic cation with flexible long chain, 1 and 2 exhibit excellent transition properties and bright blue‐white fluorescence. Then, combine fluorescence lifetime and first‐principal calculation, providing evidence for the electron transfer emission. Subsequently, investigated the impact of substituent carbon chain length (methyl to butyl), structural rigidity (C−C to C−F) and halide framework (Cl to I) on the fluorescence properties. Results indicate that Cd⋅⋅⋅Cd distance and structural rigidity play an important role in fluorescence. Overall, our research provides valuable insight and example for chemical modifications enhance compound performance.
Potassium nickel hexacyanoferrate–polyacrylonitrile composite for removing cobalt, strontium, and cesium from radioactive laundry wastewater
Authors: Septian Ardie , Masud Md Abdullah Al , Shin Won Sik 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe applicability of potassium nickel hexacyanoferrate–polyacrylonitrile (KNiFC–PAN) for the sorption of Co2+, Sr2+, and Cs+ from radioactive laundry wastewater generated in nuclear power plants was investigated. Competitive sorption of Co2+, Sr2+, and Cs+ onto KNiFC–PAN was studied for single, binary, and ternary solutions. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Kargi–Ozmıhci, Koble–Corrigan, and Langmuir–Freundlich models predicted the single‐sorption data (R2 ≥ 0.942, sum of squared error ≤ 0.105). The sorption isotherms were nonlinearly favorable (Freundlich coefficient, NF = 0.288–0.842). According to the Langmuir, Freundlich, Kargi–Ozmıhci, Koble–Corrigan, and Langmuir–Freundlich models, at pH 5 (C0 = 20 mM), KNiFC−PAN exhibited the highest maximum sorption capacity (qmL) for Cs+ among the investigated cations, wherein the primary mechanism was physical sorption. The competition between the metal ions in the binary and ternary systems reduced the respective sorption capacities. Binary and ternary sorption models, such as the ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) model coupled with Freundlich (IAST–Freundlich), IAST–Langmuir, and IAST–Langmuir–Freundlich models, were fitted to the experimental data; among these, the IAST–Freundlich model was the most accurate for the binary and ternary systems. The presence of sodium 4‐n‐octylbenzenesulfonate and dodecylbenzene–sulfonic acid sodium salt as anionic surfactants strongly affected the sorption capacity on KNiFC–PAN owing to increased distribution coefficients (Kd) of Cs+, Sr2+, and Co2+. Thus, KNiFC–PAN is promising for removing Cs+, Sr2+, and Co2+ from radioactive laundry wastewater.
Therapist engagement in measurement‐based care: The association between client outcomes and therapist viewing frequency
Authors: Bugatti Matteo , Owen Jesse , Richardson Zachary , Rasmussen Wendy , Newton Douglas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEngagement in measurement‐based care (MBC) has been shown to be an effective practice for optimizing psychotherapy outcomes. Best practices for MBC suggest that it is crucial for therapists to consistently review scores. However, the exact impact of this practice on MBC's effectiveness has yet to be fully elucidated. The current study examined the association between the frequency of therapists reviewing clients' depression scores and client psychotherapy outcomes. The sample consisted of 6182 clients diagnosed with depression who sought treatment from 2248 therapists through a practice research group. Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9) was administered prior to sessions, and therapists could access the scores via their therapist portal. The results based on multilevel modelling revealed that how often therapists view their clients' PHQ‐9 results was not a significant predictor of therapy outcomes. However, therapists who, across their caseloads, viewed client PHQ‐9 scores more frequently facilitated better treatment outcomes. These results suggest that therapists who routinely engage in MBC facilitate better therapy outcomes. Implications for practice and research are provided.