bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methods and Limits of Data-Based Decision Support in Production Management
Authors: Kiesel Raphael , Gützlaff Andreas , Schmitt Robert H. , Schuh Günther 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe volatility of today’s markets is constantly rising due to, i.e., the rapid emergence of new and innovative competitors, changing government policies, and unknown market acceptance. This affects both short-term and long-term production management. While short-term production management must deal with a higher time sensitivity of decisions, long-term production management must deal with an increasing level of uncertainty in decisions. Thus, to stay competitive in the future, short-term production management must especially increase the implementation speed of decision, whereas long-term production management focuses on the improvement of decision quality in uncertain environments. Therefore, the Internet of Production (IoP) develops data-based decision support methods for both short-term and long-term production management, which are presented in this chapter. For short-term production management, data-based decision support methods are presented for quality control loops, production planning and control, as well as production system configuration. For long-term production management, methods are presented for factory planning, global supply chain management, and production network planning.
Internet of Production: Challenges, Potentials, and Benefits for Production Processes due to Novel Methods in Digitalization
Authors: Hopmann Christian , Hirt Gerhard , Schmitz Mauritius , Bailly David 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn industrial production, customers’ requirements are rising regarding various aspects. Products have to be produced more economical, more flexible, faster, and with much higher quality requirements. Furthermore, especially for traditional mass production processes, shorter product cycles increase the demand in rapid production and process development. The inherent increased product and production complexity raises additional challenges not only in development but also in setup and operation. Lastly, upcoming requirements for sustainable production have to be incorporated. These conflicting aspects lead to increasing complexity for production development as well as production setup at each individual production step as well as along the complete value chain. To master these challenges, digitalization and data-driven models are fundamental tools, since these allow for the automation of many basic tasks as well as processing of large data sets to achieve process understanding and derive appropriate measures. This chapter illustrates requirements for digital systems to be created and benefits derived by different novel systems. Furthermore, because modern systems have to incorporate not only single processes but complex process chains, various production processes and assembly processes are taken into account. In the following chaps. 13, “Decision Support for the Optimization of Continuous Processes Using Digital Shadows,” 14, “Modular Control and Services to Operate Lineless Mobile Assembly Systems,” 12, “Improving Manufacturing Efficiency for Discontinuous Processes by Methodological Cross-Domain Knowledge Transfer,” and 11, “Model-Based Controlling Approaches for Manufacturing Processes,” digitalization and Industry 4.0 approaches are presented, which incorporate data-driven models for a wide variety of production processes and for different time scales. Many techniques are illustrated to generate benefits on various levels due to the use of data-driven, model-based systems, which are incorporated into a digital infrastructure.
Situating Women’s Private Practices of Knowledge Production in the Early Modern Context
Authors: Klein Käfer Natacha , da Silva Perez Natália 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter introduces the bookWomen’s Private Practices of Knowledge Production in Early Modern Europeby exploring the interplays of gender, knowledge-making practices, and notions of privacy in the broader early modern European context. Paying heed to recent development in the historiography of women’s intellectual works in relation to their association to the private realm, this chapter proposes an understanding of privacy as a privilege—although under constant negotiation—that elite women could instrumentalize in their knowledge pursuits, a notion that the following chapters flesh out in their nuanced case studies.
Introduction: Climate, Cocoa and Trees
Authors: Olwig Mette Fog , Asare Richard , Meilby Henrik , Vaast Philippe , Owusu Kwadwo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractClimate change is predicted to significantly reduce areas suitable for the cultivation of cocoa, an important cash crop providing a livelihood to over six million smallholders in the humid tropics. Cocoa agroforestry shows potential to increase climate resilience while providing more stable incomes, enhancing biodiversity, supporting healthy ecosystems and reducing the pace at which farms expand into forested areas. Based on the multidisciplinary ‘Climate Smart Cocoa Systems for Ghana’ research project, this book investigates the case of the biophysical and socioeconomic sustainability of cocoa agroforestry in Ghana, the second largest producer of cocoa in the world. After a brief introduction to the research project, this introductory chapter reviews the literature on the links between climate change, farming and agroforestry, thereby situating the study within a wider context. It then presents an in-depth analysis of historical Ghanaian cocoa yields and climate data at both the national and regional levels to establish a foundation for understanding the new climate risks faced by cocoa farmers. The chapter concludes by providing an overview of the chapters that follow and introducing the overall argument that agroforestry can only successfully address climate change impacts on cocoa farming if location-specific biophysical and socioeconomic factors are considered.
Household Economics of Cocoa Agroforestry: Costs and Benefits
Authors: Boadi Sylvester Afram , Bosselmann Aske Skovmand , Owusu Kwadwo , Asare Richard , Olwig Mette Fog 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCurrent research suggests that cocoa agroforestry systems could offer stable yields, additional benefits and income from shade trees, despite potential added costs, such as from the purchase of insecticides. There is a paucity of profitability studies of different cocoa agroforestry systems. Only few of them go beyond a narrow focus on cocoa yields to model the entire agroforestry system and thus do not advance our understanding of the socio-economic value of other ecosystem goods. Based on survey data covering a thousand cocoa plots and group interviews with cocoa farmers, we explore the costs and benefits at the household level of including trees in cocoa systems. Comparing low and medium tree diversity systems, we find that income from cocoa beans, timber and fruit trees are higher and labour costs are lower in plots with medium diversity, while insecticide costs are lower on low-diversity plots. Overall, net benefits were higher on cocoa plots with higher tree diversity. Thus, cocoa agroforestry systems offer cost-reduction and income-improving advantages. Since cocoa systems vary among different agro-ecological zones in Ghana, we recommend that interventions aimed at increasing tree diversity consider the specific management practices of each farming household and the location in question.
Can Agroforestry Provide a Future for Cocoa? Implications for Policy and Practice
Authors: Olwig Mette Fog , Asare Richard , Vaast Philippe , Bosselmann Aske Skovmand 
Published: December 2023

AbstractClimate change is threatening cocoa production in Ghana, the world’s second largest cocoa exporter. Yet, as we have shown in this book, the impacts of climate change must be understood in the context of the multiple socioeconomic and biophysical pressures facing cocoa farmers, including the conversion of farms for other land uses, increasing hired labor costs as well as pests and diseases. This final chapter summarizes the book’s overall findings on cocoa agroforestry as climate change adaption and points to ways forward in terms of policy, practice and research. Our findings suggest that a nuanced view of farmers, agroecosystems and sites is necessary and emphasize the need to study shade tree species and species diversity, in addition to shade levels, to optimize the sustainability of cocoa farming. We further suggest that it may not be possible to sustainably grow cocoa in marginal regions of the cocoa belt, where yields are lower and where agroforestry may be unable to mitigate the negative impacts of the adverse climate. Finally, we point to the importance of considering rights and access to trees, land, extension services and resources, and call for more multidisciplinary research on differently situated farmers’ opportunities and needs.
Conclusion: Transformations of European Welfare States and Social Rights
Authors: Nielsen Stine Piilgaard Porner , Hammerslev Ole 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis anthology offers analyses of transformations of European welfare states and social rights from a diverse set of perspectives and contexts. This concluding chapter argues that European welfare states rely on third sector organisations to uphold the welfare system, and that social rights of today are constituted and re-constituted through discussions on deservingness which function as filtering mechanisms for access to social rights. In addition, law’s formulation and categorisation together with political priorities and agendas inform negotiations of legitimate knowledge related to social problems and adequate salutation hereto. Also, structural and individual factors are significant for welfare professionals’ scope for practice and persons’ mobilisation of social rights.
Welfare Clients’ Relational Legal Consciousness: An Empirical Perspective from the Netherlands
Authors: Hertogh Marc 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the Netherlands has increasingly become a punitive welfare state. This chapter analyses how this development affects Dutch welfare clients’ commonsense understandings of the law. Based on a survey among more than a thousand welfare clients, this study points to the relational character of their legal consciousness. Welfare clients’ critical legal consciousness is shaped by their views on the harsh and cold way that welfare officials understand and apply the law. Although most welfare clients are law-abiding, welfare officials routinely treat them as potential fraudsters. In response to this attitude, clients start to question the legitimacy of welfare law.
Peripher-extraktivistischer Kapitalismus und sozialökologische Konflikte in Chile
Authors: Graf Jakob 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDieses Kapitel legt dar, dass der chilenische Kapitalismus einerseits durch hohe Wachstumsraten und andererseits durch soziale Ungleichheit und zunehmende ökologische Krisen gekennzeichnet ist. Prekäre Arbeitsverhältnisse, niedrige Löhne und eine hohe Arbeitslosigkeit führen darüber hinaus dazu, dass ein bedeutender Teil der chilenischen Haushalte für deren alltägliche soziale Reproduktion auf den bedarfsökonomischen Sektor angewiesen ist. Mit einem Fokus auf den bedarfsökonomischen Sektor zeigt dieses Kapitel, wie aus diesen Widersprüchen sozialökologische Konflikte entstehen. Diese Konfliktdynamik wird empirisch anhand des Konflikts zwischen Forstindustrie und lokaler Bevölkerung im zentralen Süden Chiles eingehend untersucht.
Zelltypen aus menschlichen pluripotenten Zellen und deren Anwendung in Zelltherapien
Authors: Zimmermann Wolfram-Hubertus , Ader Marius , Besser Daniel , Kronstein-Wiedemann Romy , Lickert Heiko , Schlüssel Elke , Thiel Jessica , Tonn Torsten 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungPluripotente Stammzellen (PS-Zellen) des Menschen wurden erstmals in den 1990er-Jahren aus der inneren Zellmasse von Präimplantationsembryonen unter Anwendung zuvor in der Maus und im nicht humanen Primaten etablierter Techniken gewonnen (Thomson et al. 1998). Durch Selektion pluripotenter Zellen und deren klonaler Vermehrung wurden die ersten menschlichen embryonalen Stammzellen (ES-Zellen) entwickelt. Basierend auf einem tiefen Verständnis der für den Pluripotenzerhalt notwendigen molekularen Mechanismen gelang es Takahashi und Yamanaka, Transkriptionsfaktoren zu identifizieren, die bei kombinierter Anwendung als „OKSM“ (Oct3/4, Klf4, Sox2, c-Myc) somatische Zellen (z. B. Hautzellen) in sog. induzierte pluripotente Stammzellen (iPS-Zellen) reprogrammieren können (Buganim et al. 2013). Die Erstbeschreibung erfolgte im Mausmodell (Takahashi und Yamanaka 2006) und kurz darauf im Menschen (Takahashi et al. 2007).
Gentherapie und Genome-Editing im Blickpunkt internationaler Einstellungsforschung
Authors: Hampel Jürgen 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Debatte um die Gentherapie, die die Schwelle von der Grundlagenforschung zur anwendungsorientierten Forschung wie auch zur klinischen Anwendung längst überschritten hat (siehe Kap. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 und 16), bekam ein neues Momentum, als mit dem Genome-Editing (CRISPR/Cas9) die Präzision therapeutischer Maßnahmen und damit auch deren Bandbreite, was mögliche Anwendungen betrifft, erheblich gesteigert werden konnte (vgl. Reich et al. 2015). In den Bereich des Möglichen geraten damit aber auch ethisch problematische Anwendungen wie die Keimbahntherapie oder das genetische Enhancement. Schlagartig wurde dies einer globalen Öffentlichkeit klar, als der chinesische Wissenschaftler He Jiankui im November 2018 die Geburt zweier Säuglinge bekannt gab, die als Embryonen einer Keimbahntherapie unterzogen worden waren (Gießelmann 2018); eine Mitteilung, die weltweit heftige negative Reaktionen auslöste. Befürchtungen wurden laut, dass dadurch die Forschung an Gentherapien mit CRISPR mit diesem Ereignis assoziiert wird (Normile 2018).
Spotlight: Die Regulation von Arzneimitteln für neuartige Therapien (ATMP) – Rahmen und Unterstützung für die Entwicklung sicherer und wirksamer ATMP
Authors: Scherer Jürgen , Berger André 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Paul-Ehrlich-Institut (PEI) ist als Bundesoberbehörde zuständig für Impfstoffe und biomedizinische Arzneimittel wie z. B. monoklonale Antikörper, Blut- und Gewebezubereitungen, aber auch für Arzneimittel für neuartige Therapien, kurz ATMP („Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products“) genannt.
Mileage Counter HUD Mod
Authors: Brumbaugh Zander , Leithner Manuel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, you will create a mod that displays a mileage counter user interface (UI) element to players when they are seated in a vehicle. This will teach you to not only create UI elements and the networking that is required to update them but also how to add additional functionality to existing specializations and systems. Let us begin!
Domination and Cut Problems on Chordal Graphs with Bounded Leafage
Authors: Galby Esther , Marx Dániel , Schepper Philipp , Sharma Roohani , Tale Prafullkumar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe leafage of a chordal graph G is the minimum integer $$\ell $$
ℓ
such that G can be realized as an intersection graph of subtrees of a tree with $$\ell $$
ℓ
leaves. We consider structural parameterization by the leafage of classical domination and cut problems on chordal graphs. Fomin, Golovach, and Raymond [ESA 2018, Algorithmica 2020] proved, among other things, that Dominating Set on chordal graphs admits an algorithm running in time $$2^{\mathcal {O}(\ell ^2)} \cdot n^{\mathcal {O}(1)}$$

2

O
(

ℓ
2

)

·

n

O
(
1
)

. We present a conceptually much simpler algorithm that runs in time $$2^{\mathcal {O}(\ell )} \cdot n^{\mathcal {O}(1)}$$

2

O
(
ℓ
)

·

n

O
(
1
)

. We extend our approach to obtain similar results for Connected Dominating Set and Steiner Tree. We then consider the two classical cut problems MultiCut with Undeletable Terminals and Multiway Cut with Undeletable Terminals. We prove that the former is [1]-hard when parameterized by the leafage and complement this result by presenting a simple $$n^{\mathcal {O}(\ell )}$$

n

O
(
ℓ
)

-time algorithm. To our surprise, we find that Multiway Cut with Undeletable Terminals on chordal graphs can be solved, in contrast, in $$n^{{{\mathcal {O}}}(1)}$$

n

O
(
1
)

-time.
Evidenzbasierte digitale Depressionstherapie
Authors: Pezawas Lukas 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel beleuchtet die steigende Bedeutung von digitalen Therapien in der Behandlung der unipolaren Depression im Kontext aktueller Versorgungsleitlinien. Dies wird anhand verschiedener Falldarstellungen in unterschiedlichen klinischen Szenarien illustriert, in denen eine digitale Gesundheitsanwendung (DiGA) erfolgreich genutzt wurde. Dies umfasst den Einsatz einer DiGA als Mono- und als Zusatztherapie bei unterschiedlichen Depressionsformen. Zudem wird das Potenzial digitaler Therapien zur Verbesserung der Depressionskompetenz, Therapieadhärenz und Überwindung von Wartezeiten, lokalen Versorgungsengpässen und einer Stigmatisierung im Mental-Health-Bereich hervorgehoben. Die Fallberichte unterstreichen, dass DiGAs eine wertvolle Ergänzung zum bestehenden ambulanten Therapieangebot darstellen und die Versorgung depressiver Patient:innen nachhaltig verbessern können.
How is students’ well-being related to their class teacher’s professional agency in primary school?
Authors: Yli-Pietilä Roosa , Soini Tiina , Pietarinen Janne , Pyhältö Kirsi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractClass teachers have a meaningful role in the life of primary school students as they are responsible for the majority of their students’ instruction. Previous research has shown that teachers who make efforts to learn and develop in their work also promote their students’ learning and well-being. This learning orientation is referred to in this study as teachers’ professional agency. The well-being of students has been shown to be challenged in many ways already in primary school. However, we need more research on how primary school students experience well-being in classrooms in relation to their studies and whether their class teacher’s professional agency relates to their well-being. We examined students’ study well-being from two perspectives: study engagement and study burnout. Multilevel structural equation modelling was applied in the analysis to explore perceived study well-being in the classroom (student and class level) and its relation to class teachers’ sense of professional agency. The results indicate that a high level of study burnout at the class level decreases students’ study well-being over time and also challenges class teachers’ sense of professional agency.
Times of trouble—seasonal variation in number and severity of attacks on sheep caused by large carnivores and eagles in Sweden
Authors: Eklund Ann , Frank Jens , Nilsson Lovisa , Zetterberg Andreas , Månsson Johan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWildlife managers and livestock owners can choose from a multitude of interventions to prevent carnivore attacks on domestic animals, ranging from light and sound deterrents to fencing and lethal control. To guide management and make the best and most cost-effective choice of interventions, knowledge about where and when these measures are needed the most is important. By identifying spatiotemporal patterns of carnivore attacks, resources can be used more efficiently to prevent such attacks. We used a Swedish nationwide, long-term data set to identify inter- and intra-seasonal variation in probability, number, and severity (number of killed or injured per attack) of large carnivore attacks on sheep. Our results show that there are specific “times of trouble”, regarding the number of attacks from golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) in late spring, and from brown bears (Ursus arctos), lynx (Lynx lynx), and wolves (Canis lupus) in late summer. Additionally, for brown bears and wolves, the severity of attacks varied throughout the grazing season with a peak in the latter part of the summer. The results can be used for guidance of temporal prioritisation of preventive interventions to reduce the probability, number, and severity of large carnivore attacks on sheep.
Reconstructing Cryptocurrency Processes via Markov Chains
Authors: Araújo Tanya , Barbosa Paulo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe growing attention on cryptocurrencies has led to increasing research on digital stock markets. Approaches and tools usually applied to characterize standard stocks have been applied to the digital ones. Among these tools is the identification of processes of market fluctuations. Being interesting stochastic processes, the usual statistical methods are appropriate tools for their reconstruction. There, besides chance, the description of a behavioural component shall be present whenever a deterministic pattern is ever found. Markov approaches are at the leading edge of this endeavour. In this paper, Markov chains of orders one to eight are considered as a way to forecast the dynamics of three major cryptocurrencies. It is accomplished using an empirical basis of intra-day returns. Besides forecasting, we investigate the existence of eventual long-memory components in each of those stochastic processes. Results show that predictions obtained from using the empirical probabilities are better than random choices.
Phase Behavior of Isobutane + CO2 and Isobutane + H2 at Temperatures Between 190 and 400 K and at Pressures Up to 20 MPa
Authors: Latcham Riley V. , Trusler J. P. Martin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMixtures containing isobutane, carbon dioxide, and/or hydrogen are found in various industrial processes, green refrigerant systems, and the growing hydrogen industry. Understanding the thermophysical properties of these mixtures is essential for these processes, and depends on reliable experimental data. Making use of an automated static-analytical apparatus, measurements were made of the phase behavior of binary mixtures of isobutane with CO2 and with H2, extending the range of available data for both mixtures. Measurements of the system isobutane + CO2 were carried out along three isotherms at temperatures of (240, 280, and 310) K with pressures from the lower limit of the sampling system (~ 0.5 MPa) to the mixture critical pressure. The results exhibit good agreement with literature data. Measurements on isobutane + H2 were carried out along nine isotherms at temperatures of (190, 240, 280, 311, 339, 363, 375, 390, and 400) K with pressures up to 20 MPa, covering a much broader range of conditions than the one prior investigation. The results have been used to optimize temperature-dependent binary parameters in the Peng–Robinson equation of state with two different mixing rules. This approach was found to perform well in comparison to alternative models.
On the Dotsenko–Fateev complex twin of the Selberg integral and its extensions
Authors: Neretin Yury A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Selberg integral has a twin (‘the Dotsenko–Fateev integral’) of the following form. We replace real variables $$x_k$$

x
k

in the integrand $$\prod |x_k|^{\sigma -1}\,|1-x_k|^{\tau -1} \prod |x_k-x_l|^{2\theta }$$

∏
|

x
k

|

σ
-
1

|
1
-

x
k

|

τ
-
1

∏

|

x
k

-

x
l

|

2
θ

of the Selberg integral by complex variables $$z_k$$

z
k

, integration over a cube we replace by an integration over the whole complex space $${\mathbb {C}}^n$$

C

n

. According to Dotsenko, Fateev, and Aomoto, such integral is a product of Gamma functions. We define and evaluate a family of beta integrals over spaces $${\mathbb {C}}^m\times {\mathbb {C}}^{m+1}\times \dots \times {\mathbb {C}}^n$$

C

m

×

C

m
+
1

×
⋯
×

C

n

, which for $$m=n$$

m
=
n

gives the complex twin of the Selberg integral (with three additional integer parameters).