bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive review of the family of very-long-chain fatty acid elongases: structure, function, and implications in physiology and pathology
Authors: Wang Xiangyu , Yu Hao , Gao Rong , Liu Ming , Xie Wenli 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The very-long-chain fatty acid elongase (ELOVL) family plays essential roles in lipid metabolism and cellular functions. This comprehensive review explores the structural characteristics, functional properties, and physiological significance of individual ELOVL isoforms, providing insights into lipid biosynthesis, cell membrane dynamics, and signaling pathways.

Aim of review
This review aims to highlight the significance of the ELOVL family in normal physiology and disease development. By synthesizing current knowledge, we underscore the relevance of ELOVLs as potential therapeutic targets.

Key scientific concepts of review
We emphasize the association between dysregulated ELOVL expression and diseases, including metabolic disorders, skin diseases, neurodegenerative conditions, and cancer. The intricate involvement of ELOVLs in cancer biology, from tumor initiation to metastasis, highlights their potential as targets for anticancer therapies. Additionally, we discuss the prospects of using isoform-specific inhibitors and activators for metabolic disorders and cancer treatment. The identification of ELOVL-based biomarkers may advance diagnostics and personalized medicine.

Conclusion
The ELOVL family's multifaceted roles in lipid metabolism and cellular physiology underscore its importance in health and disease. Understanding their functions offers potential therapeutic avenues and personalized treatments.
Epidemiological characteristics of Plasmodium malariae malaria in China: a malaria that should not be neglected post elimination
Authors: Zhang Li , Yi Bo-Yu , Zhou Shui-Sen , Xia Zhi-Gui , Yin Jian-Hai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Plasmodium malariae was always neglected compared with P. falciparum and P. vivax. In the present study, we aimed to describe the epidemiology of reported cases infected with P. malariae in the past decade to raise awareness of the potential threat of this malaria parasite in China.

Methods
Individual data of malaria cases infected with P. malariae reported in China in the past decade were collected via the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and Parasitic Diseases Information Reporting Management System, to explore their epidemiological characteristics. Pearson Chi-square tests or Fisher’s Exact Test was used in the statistical analysis.

Results
From 2013 to 2022, a total of 581 P. malariae cases were reported in China, and mainly concentrated in 20–59 years old group (P < 0.001), and there was no significant trend in the number of cases reported per month. Moreover, four kinds of P. malariae cases were classified, including 567 imported cases from 41 countries in 8 regions and distributed in 27 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) in China, six indigenous cases in a small outbreak in Hainan, seven recurrent cases in Guangdong and Shanghai, and one induced case in Shanghai, respectively. In addition, only 379 cases (65.2%) were diagnosed as malaria on the first visit (P < 0.001), and 413 cases (71.1%) were further confirmed as P. malariae cases (P = 0.002). Meanwhile, most cases sought healthcare first in the health facilities at the county and prefectural levels, but only 76.7% (161/210) and 73.7% (146/198) cases were diagnosed as malaria, and the accuracy of confirmed diagnosis as malaria cases infected with P. malariae was only 77.2% (156/202) and 69.9% (167/239) in these health facilities respectively.

Conclusions
Even though malaria cases infected with P. malariae didn’t account for a high proportion of reported malaria cases nationwide, the threat posed by widely distributed imported cases, a small number of indigenous cases, recurrent cases and induced case cannot be ignored in China. Therefore, it is necessary to raise awareness and improve the surveillance and response to the non-falciparum species such as P. malariae, and prevent the reestablishment of malaria transmission after elimination.

Graphical Abstract
Association between the starting age of non-parental Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC), and psycho-social problems in adolescence in West and East Germany – a natural experiment using data from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS)
Authors: Zhou Ying , Wengler Annelene , Doblhammer Gabriele 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The study aimed to investigate the association between the start age of non-parental Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) and psycho-social problems in adolescence. The similarities and differences between West and East Germany were also investigated in a natural experiment.

Methods
Our sample consisted of 1022 children (621 from West Germany, 401 from East Germany) aged 3–4 years at wave 2003–2006 that were followed up to wave 2014–2017 as adolescents (mean ± SD age = 14.4 ± 0.03 years) in the KiGGS study. The psycho-social problems were measured by the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) at wave 2014–2017. Linear regression was used to explore the relationship between ECEC-start-age and psycho-social problems in adolescence in Germany, and stratified by West and East Germany.

Results
Those who started ECEC between 2 and 3 years old (reference) had the lowest scores of psycho-social problems in the whole Germany and in West Germany in adolescence. In comparison, those who started ECEC older than 3 years old had higher scores of internalizing psycho-social problems in both West Germany (with statistically significant results) and East Germany (with a relatively larger effect size but insignificant results). Those who started ECEC younger than 1 year old had statistically significant higher scores for externalizing psycho-social problems in West Germany, even though less children started ECEC younger than 1 in West Germany compared to East Germany. This significant association was not found in East Germany. Those who started ECEC between 1 and 2 years old tended to have higher scores of externalizing psycho-social problems in both West and East Germany.

Conclusion
The results suggest that if children start ECEC older than 3 years or younger than 2 years, more attention needs to be given to internalizing or externalizing psycho-social problems respectively. The regional differences for children younger than 1 year old may suggest a selection effect in West Germany where only fewer parents bring babies to ECEC, while the regional similarities for children over 3 years old indicate the importance of providing access to ECEC for children over 3 years old.
The relation between the surface composition anomaly and distribution of the exosphere of Mercury
Authors: Suzuki Yudai , Yoshioka Kazuo , Murakami Go , Yoshikawa Ichiro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn celestial bodies with tenuous collisionless atmospheres, such as Mercury, the spatial distribution of the exosphere is expected to reflect the surface composition. In this study, we discuss whether the distributions of Mg, Ca, and Na, the primary exospheric components of Mercury, have a local exosphere–surface correlation by analyzing the observation data of the Mercury Atmospheric and Surface Composition Spectrometer (MASCS) and X-ray spectrometer (XRS) onboard the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) spacecraft. It was found that Mg has a strong local exosphere–surface correlation and Ca has a weak correlation. The Monte Carlo simulations of trajectories in the exosphere show that the weak correlation of Ca is due to the relatively large solar radiation acceleration. In addition, Na production rate in high-temperature regions is longitudinally dependent. This can be explained by considering that the weakly physisorbed Na layer on the surface is depleted under high temperature and that the distribution of strongly chemisorbed Na atoms is reflected in the exosphere. Based on these results, the conditions for components with a correlation in celestial bodies with thin atmospheres may include low volatility and low solar radiation acceleration.
Graphical Abstract
A case of esophageal cancer in a diverticulum treated by surgical resection: a case report
Authors: Fukuda Momoko , Aoyama Toru , Yukawa Norio , Ju Mihwa , Kano Kazuki , Ishiguro Tetsushi , Kazama Keisuke , Sawazaki Sho , Tamagawa Hiroshi , Ikeda Ryosuke , Kaneko Hiroaki , Maeda Shin , Saito Aya , Rino Yasushi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
An esophageal diverticulum is a relatively rare disease, with reports of treatment for esophageal cancer in the diverticulum even rarer.

Case presentation
The case involved a 72-year-old male with a chief complaint of dysphagia. He was diagnosed with an esophageal diverticulum (Zenker’s diverticulum) measuring 10 cm in diameter. Five years later, an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed an iodine-unstained 0–IIb lesion of 20 mm in diameter with type B1 vessels in the diverticulum. An endoscopic biopsy and CT revealed it to be squamous cell carcinoma, cT1a-EP/LPM N0 M0, cStage 0. Because the lesion was in the diverticulum and endoscopic resection was difficult with the risk of perforation, surgical resection was set as the course of treatment. Diverticulectomy was performed via a cervical approach, using a stapler, and the patient was discharged on the 16th day without any complications. The pathological diagnosis was pTis-EP, ly0, v0, R0.

Conclusions
We think this case is very rare and diverticulectomy of early esophageal cancer in the diverticulum is available and safe.
GRD-1/PTR-11, the C. elegans hedgehog/patched-like morphogen-receptor pair, modulates developmental rate
Authors: Emans Sinclair W. , Yerevanian Armen , Ahsan Fasih M. , Rotti Jen F. , Zhou Yifei , Cedillo Lucydalila , Soukas Alexander A. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Both hedgehog (Hh) and target of rapamycin complex 2 (TORC2) are central, evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways that regulate development and metabolism. In C. elegans, loss of the essential TORC2 component RICTOR (rict-1) causes delayed development, shortened lifespan, reduced brood, small size and increased fat. Here, we report that knockdown of both the hedgehog-related morphogen grd-1 and its patched-related receptor ptr-11 rescues delayed development in TORC2 loss-of-function mutants, and grd-1 and ptr-11 overexpression delays wild-type development to a similar level to that in TORC2 loss-of-function animals. These findings potentially indicate an unexpected role for grd-1 and ptr-11 in slowing developmental rate downstream of a nutrient-sensing pathway. Furthermore, we implicate the chronic stress transcription factor pqm-1 as a key transcriptional effector in this slowing of whole-organism growth by grd-1 and ptr-11. We propose that TORC2, grd-1 and ptr-11 may act linearly or converge on pqm-1 to delay organismal development.
Από τη «Σιωπηλή άνοιξη» στους «17 Στόχους για την Αειφόρο Ανάπτυξη». Αποτυπώνοντας τη διαχρονική διαδρομή της Εκπαίδευσης για το Περιβάλλον και την Αειφορία
Authors: Δημητρίου Αναστασία 
Published: November 2023

Στην εργασία αυτή παρουσιάζεται η διαχρονική εξέλιξη της Περιβαλλοντικής Εκπαίδευσης/Εκπαίδευσης για το Περιβάλλον και την Αειφορία (ΠΕ/ΕΠΑ) στη διάρκεια των διαδοχικών δεκαετιών από τη θεσμοθέτησή της. Με αφετηρία το βιβλίο της «Σιωπηλής άνοιξης» της Rachel Carson έως και τη διαμόρφωση των 17 Στόχων για την Αειφόρο Ανάπτυξη (ΣAA) επιχειρούμε την παρουσίαση της πορείας της ΠΕ/ΕΠΑ. Ειδικότερα, συζητούνται οι σημαντικότεροι σταθμοί που συνέβαλαν στη διαμόρφωση του περιβαλλοντικού και παιδαγωγικού πλαισίου της, του σκοπού, των στόχων, των αρχών και των στρατηγικών υλοποίησής της. Η παρουσίαση οργανώνεται ανά δεκαετία, από το 1960 έως σήμερα, και επικεντρώνεται στις σχετικές διεθνείς συναντήσεις, την ανάλυση των διακηρύξεων τους και τον αντίκτυπό τους στην θεσμοθέτηση και εξέλιξη της ΠΕ. Η συζήτηση της ιστορικής της πορείας γίνεται με την παράλληλη αναφορά ζητημάτων και αποφάσεων που σχετίζονται με την ποιότητα του περιβάλλοντος και άλλων συναφών προβλημάτων, καθώς και των στρατηγικών και πολιτικών που προτείνονταν για την αντιμετώπισή τους σε διεθνές επίπεδο.
Η συμβολή των βιωματικών εργαστηρίων «Παρεμβαίνουσας μη Κατευθυντικότητας» (NDI) στην ανάπτυξη αξιών και ικανοτήτων της αειφορίας
Authors: Γεωργόπουλος Αλέξανδρος 
Published: November 2023

Ο δρόμος της αειφορίας απαιτεί ριζικές αλλαγές σε όλες τις όψεις του πολιτισμού μας, μάλιστα στην εκπαίδευση, η οποία ίσως προκαλεί παρά θεραπεύει τα δεινά των ποικίλων κρίσεων που έχουν ξεσπάσει κατά τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες. Υιοθετήσαμε τη βιωματική/μετασχηματιστική/βαθιά εκπαίδευση και την ενσωματώσαμε στο πλαίσιο σπουδών ενός μεταπτυχιακού προγράμματος μέσα σε ένα κατάλληλα διαμορφωμένο χωρόχρονο. Η εμψύχωση της ομάδας με τη μέθοδο της «παρεμβαίνουσας μη κατευθυντικότητας» (NDI), φαίνεται να καταλύει αλλαγές στα μέλη της ομάδας, οι οποίες συμπλέουν με τις απαιτήσεις της Εκπαίδευσης για το Περιβάλλον και την Αειφορία: Αποδέχονται την προοπτική της αλλαγής της προσωπικής τους εκπαιδευτικής θεωρίας και πρακτικής. Αναπτύσσουν κριτική σκέψη ανακαλύπτοντας την προοπτική του Άλλου και φτάνοντας να τον «νιώσουν» ενσυναισθητικά. Συγκινούνται και εκφράζουν τα συναισθήματά τους. Προβληματίζονται μέσα από αυτογνωσιακές διαδρομές πάνω στη βαθιά μοναξιά και αποξένωση του σημερινού ανθρώπου από τους συνανθρώπους και τη φύση. Οδηγούνται στην αναθεώρηση όψεων της επιστημολογίας της γνώσης. Ανανεώνουν τη σχέση τους με την ελευθερία «ερευνώντας» τα συστατικά της αυτοθέσμισης και ενδυναμωνόμενες μέσα από δημοκρατικές διαδικασίες. Μεταφέρουν, τέλος, στοιχεία από τα βιώματα που έζησαν εντός της ομάδας στο οικογενειακό, φιλικό και επαγγελματικό τους περιβάλλον. Πρόκειται για μια βαθιά ανθρωπολογική μετάβαση σε μια Γη της Επαγγελίας κατοικημένη από ελεύθερους ανθρώπους.
Burden of disease in Colombian Orinoquia Region, 2017
Authors: Gutiérrez-Lesmes Oscar , Grisales-Romero Hugo 
Published: November 2023

Background Population health diagnoses are a fundamental tool to guide health policies and programs, and consequently, public health requirements. In this perspective, the burden of disease in inhabitants of Colombian Orinoquia is quantified for the first time. Methods A descriptive population-based study that was based on secondary sources was carried out, which aimed at measuring the burden of the disease in the Colombian region of Orinoquia, using the simplified synthetic indicator of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of the global health estimation methodology. We used mortality records from the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE) and service provision records from the Ministry of Health and Social Protection of Colombia, both records from the year 2017, available on the Integrated Social Protection Information System. Results 288,740.2 DALYs occurred (95% UI 210,714.6-382,948.8), with higher reports for men (59%); group of non-communicable diseases accounted for 62.3% of DALYs (179,993.6, 95% UI, 115,030.2-268,405.0), followed by external cause injuries group which contributed 24.6% (71,000.0, 95% UI, 25,638.1-134,013.1), and group of communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional disorders which contributed 13.1% (37,746.0, 95% UI, 28,048.0-50,239.7). Interpersonal violence was the primary cause specific of DALYs with 9.8% of the burden, (28,290.0, 95% UI, 7,365.1-64,208.1). Conclusions Most DALYs in Orinoquia are produced by non-communicable diseases (NCD), largely caused by neoplasms and cardiovascular disease, which increased with age. However, when considered by specific cause of illness or injury, interpersonal violence is indicated as the main cause of DALYs, affecting mainly young men, possibly as an expression of social inequality, substance use, criminality, and insecurity. It is important to highlight that this region has been recognized as an area of armed conflict, drug trafficking, and poverty.
Case Report: Challenges in the etiology of left ventricular aneurysm
Authors: Channan El Mehdi , Pintea Bentea Georgiana , Berdaoui Brahim , Damry Nasroolla , Morissens Marielle , Castro Rodriguez José 
Published: November 2023

Left ventricular aneurysms are outpouchings delineated by a thin myocardial wall, more frequently encountered at the apex of the left ventricle, which is seldom dyskinetic or akinetic. Apart from coronary artery disease, the etiology can be challenging. We report the case of a 30-year-old man with an isolated apical left ventricular aneurysm associated with prominent trabeculations on echocardiography.
History of national sex surveys in Europe
Authors: Kontula Osmo , Clifton Soazig 
Published: November 2023

The historical background of European national sex surveys dates back to the late 1960s and early 1970s when the first such surveys were conducted in Europe. That was an era of Western sexual revolution, a time of increasing openness to discussion and debate of sexual issues, and legal reforms in many countries. During this period, there was a growing interest in understanding sexual behaviour, attitudes, and modern contraceptive use in the general population. Evidence was also needed for sexuality education that was emerging in some European countries. Despite this need for evidence, only a few countries (Sweden, Finland, France) conducted national surveys on the topic in the early 1970’s, becoming pioneers in national sex surveys in Europe and in the world. It was the HIV and AIDS epidemic of the 1980s that gave more researchers and funders the impetus to conduct sex studies in many European countries. As a result, medical perspectives on sexuality became prioritised around Europe. Balancing the perspectives of the diverse disciplines (including public health, sociology, psychology) that use the data from national sex surveys remains a challenge for the modern surveys. The European Sexual Medicine Network (ESMN) is a part of European cooperation in science and technology (COST), which includes a strand of work on national sex surveys among the adult population. Since 2021, a subgroup of nationally representative sex surveys, co-chaired by Osmo Kontula and Hanneke de Graaf have worked together to further the field. This submission is based on a review of the literature, combined with Kontula’s personal reflections following a history of participation in European collaboration in this field since the early 1990s.
Community School Model: Is It an Alternative for School Closures in Rural Territories?
Authors: Supule Inese 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the light of rural depopulation and a decreasing number of schoolchildren, municipalities with rural territories face a question regarding whether to close small rural schools or seek alternatives for school operation. The analysis of a quantitative survey of rural municipalities and rural schools is focused on these main questions: what are the extended functions of rural schools with pupils less than 100, and whether the community school model in rural municipalities may be considered as an alternative to school closures in the context of depopulation of rural territories. The results of quantitative surveys are supplemented and explained by the data of 58 in-depth interviews with different stakeholders, living or working in rural areas. The main findings show that rural schools and municipalities positively evaluate the approach of community schools with extended functions, and partly it is an adaptation strategy for the diminishing number of pupils. However, extended functions and the community school model do not serve as an important argument for keeping a school open, but as a means for attracting pupils from neighbouring municipalities, and is a form of competition between municipalities. The article is prepared with funding from the EEA/Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2009–2014 under Project Contract n° NFI/R/2014/014.
Commemorating the 100th Anniversary of The Polish Peasant in Europe and America
Authors: Krajewska Malwina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The paper refers to the centennial of The Polish Peasant in Europe and America written by William Isaac Thomas and Florian Znaniecki along with the overview of commemorating events and publications. Moreover, it consists of commentary on the collective work of various scholars published in Contemporary Migrations in the Humanistic Coefficient Perspective.
The impact of EU development policy on the governance capability of peripheral regions
Authors: Finta István 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The internal resource-based development of peripheral regions – which are still to be defined precisely and accepted universally – is a constant challenge for the European Union and the Member States, which is difficult to address in the form of a schematic recipe. An important aspect of this complex issue is the existence and success of local governance, which, based on its own internal characteristics alone, can mobilise a community, without which the chances of making further progress are bleak. Governance and the issue of peripheral regions together, at least at the EU level, are reflected in the EU’s development policy. This paper, based on the analysis of EU documents and the Hungarian local and regional experience, aims to investigate whether the European Union is able to assist peripheral regions to catch up, and if so, in what form and through what mechanisms, and what conditions and requirements-related to governance – may be necessary for successful catching up, which may at the same time lead to the success or failure of EU objectives.
Development of Air Defence in the United States between 1917 and 1945
Authors: Radomyski Adam 
Published: November 2023

The article presents the results of academic research focusing on the origins and development of anti-aircraft artillery in the United States which was to guarantee the safety of American soldiers fighting in the First and Second World Wars. The findings of this study confirm that, in the early days, knowledge of the phenomena occurring in the air dimension of armed struggle was primarily empirical. As early as 1916, Alexander Graham Bell warned of the possibility of air raids on the United States. Over the next 25 years, experts conducted research into air defence, which became crucial in its subsequent development. The basis for the development of air defence was the emergence of a new weapon at the end of the First World War, i.e., anti-aircraft artillery. Basing on the experience of the United States from the First World War in the interwar period, air defence began to be seen in terms of a system whose main task was to detect and destroy enemy aviation, attacking troops, civilians and facilities at the rear of the front.
Considering the outlined problem scenario and the subject of the research, it was assumed that the aim of the article will be to discuss the stages of the development of air defence in the United States in the years 1917–1945 and the experience of US anti-aircraft artillery gained on the fronts of the First and Second World Wars.