bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in a retrospective full pregnancy history survey versus population-based prospective records: a validation study in rural Sarlahi District, Nepal
Authors: Erchick Daniel J. , Lama Tsering P. , Subedi Seema , Verhulst Andrea , Guillot Michel , Khatry Subarna K. , LeClerq Steven C. , Tielsch James M. , Mullany Luke C. , Katz Joanne 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Countries without complete civil registration and vital statistics systems rely on retrospective full pregnancy history surveys (FPH) to estimate incidence of pregnancy and mortality outcomes, including stillbirth and neonatal death. Yet surveys are subject to biases that impact demographic estimates, and few studies have quantified these effects. We compare data from an FPH vs. prospective records from a population-based cohort to estimate validity for maternal recall of live births, stillbirths, and neonatal deaths in a rural population in Sarlahi District, Nepal.

Methods
We used prospective data, collected through frequent visits of women from early pregnancy through the neonatal period, from a population-based randomized trial spanning 2010–2017. We randomly selected 76 trial participants from three pregnancy outcome groups: live birth (n = 26), stillbirth (n = 25), or neonatal death (n = 25). Data collectors administered the Nepal 2016 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS)-VII pregnancy history survey between October 22, 2021, and November 18, 2021. We compared total pregnancy outcomes and numbers of pregnancy and neonatal outcomes between the two data sources. We matched pregnancy outcomes dates in the two sources within ± 30 days and calculated measures of validity for adverse outcomes.

Results
Among 76 participants, we recorded 122 pregnancy outcomes in the prospective data and 104 outcomes in the FPH within ± 30 days of each woman’s total observation period in the trial. Among 226 outcomes, we observed 65 live births that survived to 28 days, 25 stillbirths, and 32 live births followed by neonatal death in the prospective data and participants reported 63 live births that survived to 28 days, 15 stillbirths, and 26 live births followed by neonatal death in the pregnancy history survey. Sixty-two FPH outcomes were matched by date within ± 30 days to an outcome in prospective data. Stillbirth, neonatal death, higher parity, and delivery at a health facility were associated with likelihood of a non-matched pregnancy outcome.

Conclusions
Stillbirth and neonatal deaths were underestimated overall by the FPH, potentially underestimating the burden of mortality in this population. There is a need to develop tools to reduce or adjust for biases and errors in retrospective surveys to improve reporting of pregnancy and mortality outcomes.
Chinese pre-service chemistry teachers’ perception of augmented reality-assisted secondary chemistry learning
Authors: Zhang Sifang , Zhou Chenshuang , Zhao Jiaoyan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis research aims to explore the functional characteristics of Augmented Reality (AR) supported teaching in secondary chemistry learning, based on the theoretical framework of AR research in science education proposed by (JSET 22:449-462, 2013). Grounded theory and interview were used to construct AR related functional models. In the study, pre-service teachers were first asked to experience organic chemistry AR teaching app—“Meet Organic”, and then semi-structured interview was conducted. Secondly, Nvivo12 was used to encode the interview results and finally relevant functional models were obtained. According to the results, AR education functions in science education are mainly divided into three parts: “Visual Presentation”, “Concept Understanding” and “Thinking Construction”, and each function is divided into 2–3 sub-functions based on the interview depth coding. Exploring the functional differences of AR between male and female meanwhile. The results of this research are of great importance to promote the in-depth understanding of the essence of augmented reality supported teaching, and the deep integration of AR teaching with science education. It also provides suggestions for future teachers to design teaching methods based on AR.
Diffusion tensor imaging and voxel-based morphometry in differentiating multiple sclerosis and its mimics
Authors: Elkossi Samaa Mostafa , Sayed Samy Abd El-Aziz , Shehata Ghaydaa A. , Seif Eldein Gehan S. , Ahmed Sayed Hassan , Ali Abeer Houssein 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The discrimination between multiple sclerosis (MS) and other white matter lesions in adults is still problematic as multiple diseases have similar clinical and radiological findings, especially at the disease onset. This case–control study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and brain morphometry in the differentiation between adult MS and its magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) mimics.

Methods
Fifty-eight patients (49 women and 9 men; mean age 35.74 ± 11.86 years, range 18–50 years) with clinically suspected MS and age- and sex-matched fifteen healthy subjects were included. All study subjects underwent MRI using 3D FLAIR, 3D T1 MPRAGE, axial T2WI fast spin echo, and DTI sequences. The included patients were classified into MS and mimics groups according to MC Donald’s criteria 2017. Image post-processing using the region of interest (ROI) analysis for DTI parameters and automated voxel brain morphometry and segmentation was done for all study groups. Statistical comparison between the two patient groups and between them and the control group was performed regarding DTI indices (fractional anisotropy [FA], mean diffusivity [MD], and relative anisotropy [RA]) and brain morphometry parameters (including white matter volume (WMV), grey matter volume (GMV), cerebrospinal fluid volume (CSFV), T2 lesion load and deep grey matter volume).

Results
A statistically significant difference was observed between the MD, FA, and RA values of the patients and control groups. The MD values were significantly higher in the MS than in its mimics with a cut-off value of > 1.058 × 10−3 mm2/s (p < 0.001). Compared to the mimics group, the MS patients showed significantly lower WMV (33.31 ± 4.40 versus 35.71 ± 4.58; p = 0.047) and higher CSFV (16.38 ± 5.93 versus 13.06 ± 3.09; p = 0.012) with no significant difference regarding the GMV.

Conclusions
MD analysis of DTI, WMV, and CSFV are useful quantitative measurements in confirming the diagnosis of MS and differentiating it from its imaging mimics.
Discriminative Dissolution Method Development Through an aQbD Approach
Authors: Chen Hongbo , Wang Rui , McElderry John-David 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUsing a one-factor-at-a-time approach for dissolution method and discrimination analysis can be time-consuming and may not yield the optimal and discriminative method. To address this, we have developed a two-stage workflow for the dissolution method development followed by demonstration of discrimination power through an analytical Quality by Design (aQbD) approach. In the first stage, an optimal dissolution method was achieved by determining the method operable design region (MODR) through a design of experiment study of the high-risk method-related parameters. In the second stage, we established a Formulation-Discrimination Correlation Diagram strategy to examine the method discrimination capability, through which one can determine the method discriminative design region (MDDR) and visualize the impact of each formulation parameter and their interactions on dissolution. The application of aQbD principles into a workflow provides a scientific-driven guidance for robust method development and demonstrating discrimination power for dissolution methods.
Graphical Abstract
A Deep Learning and Image Processing Pipeline for Object Characterization in Firm Operations
Authors: Aghasi Alireza , Rai Arun , Xia Yusen 
Published: December 2023

Given the abundance of images related to operations that are being captured and stored, it behooves firms to innovate systems using image processing to improve operational performance that refers to any activity that can save labor cost. In this paper, we use deep learning techniques, combined with classic image/signal processing methods, to propose a pipeline to solve certain types of object counting and layer characterization problems in firm operations. Using data obtained by us through a collaborative effort with real manufacturers, we demonstrate that the proposed pipeline method is able to achieve higher than 93% accuracy in layer and log counting. Theoretically, our study conceives, constructs, and evaluates proof of concept of a novel pipeline method in characterizing and quantifying the number of defined items with images, which overcomes the limitations of methods based only on deep learning or signal processing. Practically, our proposed method can help firms significantly reduce labor costs and/or improve quality and inventory control by recording the number of products in real time, more accurately and with minimal up-front technological investment. The codes and data are made publicly available online through the INFORMS Journal on Computing GitHub site. History: Accepted by Ram Ramesh, Area Editor for Data Science and Machine Learning. Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0260 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2022.0260 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
On the Causal Effect of Fame on Citations
Authors: Brogaard Jonathan , Engelberg Joseph E. , Eswar Sapnoti K. , Van Wesep Edward D. 
Published: December 2023

Papers published in finance and economics journals whose first authors are famous have more citations than papers whose second or third authors are famous. As a paper ages, its citation rate varies most with variation in the fame of the first author and less so with the fame of second and third authors. Author order is alphabetical, so these patterns are unrelated to underlying quality. The magnitudes we find are large; a three-author paper written by the most prolific author in economics and his two research assistants would increase, on average, its percentile rank by 30 percentage points if the prolific author was first rather than second or third. The effect is especially pronounced in three, rather than two, author papers, suggesting that burying a famous author in the “et al.” reduces citations the most. This paper was accepted by David Sraer, finance. Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.00840 .
Magnon blockade in a strongly coupled nonlinear cavity–magnon system
Authors: Ding Zhong , Gao Yong-Pan , Zhang Yong 
Published: December 2023

The quantum blockade effect is one of the important control methods for various quantum states. Recently, magnon has gradually become the focus of quantum device research due to its excellent properties such as stability, high spin density, and tunability. This study investigates the generation of conventional and unconventional single and double magnon blockades, as well as magnon-induced tunneling effects, in strongly nonlinearly coupled cavity–magnon systems. By adjusting the coupling strength and the driving field, we achieved single and double magnon blockades, along with magnon-induced tunneling effects. Interestingly, we found that the transition from a magnon blockade to magnon-induced tunneling can be controlled by modulating the driving field. To validate the feasibility of our model, we examined the impact of thermal noise at an experimental temperature of 20 mK. Our proposed scheme may offer a method to manipulate few-magnon states and holds potential applications in quantum communication and quantum information processing.
Downsizing and purchases of psychotropic drugs: A longitudinal study of stayers, changers and unemployed
Authors: Blomqvist Sandra , Alexanderson Kristina , Vahtera Jussi , Westerlund Hugo , Magnusson Hanson Linda L. 
Published: December 2023

Background
The evidence is insufficient regarding the association between organizational downsizing and employee mental health. Our aim was to analyze trajectories of prescribed sedatives and anxiolytics with a sufficiently long follow-up time to capture anticipation, implementation and adaption to a downsizing event among stayers, changers and those who become unemployed compared to unexposed employees.

Method
Residents in Sweden aged 20–54 years in 2007, with stable employment between 2004 and 2007, were followed between 2005 and 2013 (n = 2,305,795). Employment at a workplace with staff reductions ≥18% between two subsequent years in 2007–2011 (n = 915,461) indicated exposure to, and timing of, downsizing. The unexposed (n = 1,390,334) were randomized into four corresponding sub-cohorts. With generalized estimating equations, we calculated the odds ratios (OR) of purchasing prescribed anxiolytics or sedatives within nine 12-month periods, from four years before to four years after downsizing. In order to investigate whether the groups changed their probability of purchases over time, odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated contrasting the prevalence of purchases during the first and the last 12-month period within four time periods for each exposure group.

Results
The odds of purchasing psychotropic drugs increased more for changers (sedatives OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.05–1.11) and unemployed (anxiolytics OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.03–1.14), compared to unexposed before downsizing, while for stayers purchases increased more than for unexposed during and after downsizing. Among those without previous sickness absence, stayers increased their purchases of psychotropic drugs from the year before the event up to four years after the event.

Conclusion
This study indicates that being exposed to downsizing is associated with increased use of sedatives and anxiolytics, before the event among those who leave, but especially thereafter for employees who stay in the organization.
Temporal trends of hemoglobin among pregnant women: The Mutaba’ah study
Authors: Abdullahi Aminu S. , Suliman Abubaker , Khan Moien AB , Khair Howaida , Ghazal-Aswad Saad , Elbarazi Iffat , Al-Maskari Fatima , Loney Tom , Al-Rifai Rami H. , Ahmed Luai A. 
Published: December 2023

Background
Low hemoglobin (Hb) level is a leading cause of many adverse pregnancy outcomes. Patterns of changes in Hb levels during pregnancy are not well understood.

Aim
This study estimated Hb levels, described its changing patterns across gestational trimesters, and identified factors associated with these changes among pregnant women.

Materials and methods
Data from the ongoing maternal and child health cohort study–The Mutaba’ah Study, was used (N = 1,120). KML machine learning algorithm was applied to identify three distinct cluster trajectories of Hb levels between the first and the third trimesters. Descriptive statistics were used to profile the study participants. Multinomial multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with change patterns in Hb levels.

Results
The three identified clusters–A, B and C–had, respectively, median Hb levels (g/L) of 123, 118, and 104 in the first trimester and 119, 100, and 108 in the third trimester. Cluster ’A’ maintained average normal Hb levels in both trimesters. Cluster ’B’, on average, experienced a decrease in Hb levels below the normal range during the third trimester. Cluster ’C’ showed increased Hb levels in the third trimester but remained, on average, below the normal range in both trimesters. Pregnant women with higher gravida, diabetes mellitus (type 1 or 2), nulliparity or lower level of education were more likely to be in cluster ’B’ than the normal cluster ’A’. Pregnant women who reported using iron supplements before pregnancy or those with low levels of education. were more likely to be in cluster ’C’ than the normal cluster ’A’.

Conclusion
The majority of pregnant women experienced low Hb levels during pregnancy. Changes in Hb levels during pregnancy were associated with parity, gravida, use of iron before pregnancy, and the presence of diabetes mellitus (type 1 or 2).
Sensoriamento para automatização em processo industrial de tratamento térmico
Authors: Hanauer Anderson , Cecconello Ivandro 
Published: December 2023

Ao produzir ferramentas de uso manual, o fator chave é o controle dos indicadores de qualidade, especialmente o processo de tratamento térmico, que concede dureza e durabilidade para a ferramenta. O processo de tratamento térmico eficiente precisa manter o calor da peça estável, em produções contínuas é necessário ter repetibilidade e constância, para tanto é necessário minimizar variáveis. As operações manuais com uso de mão de obra humana, expõe fragilidade ao processo, encarregando operadores de decidir através da visualização da cor da temperatura da peça, a liberação para produzir, impondo processos de repetição exaustivos. Assim, este trabalho tem o objetivo de demonstrar a aplicação de sensoriamento no processo de tratamento térmico. Para tanto, foi aplicado o método do estudo de caso, tendo como objeto de estudo uma linha de fabricação de cavadeiras. Através do sensoriamento é possível identificar a temperatura do produto e determinar se o processo está dentro das especificações técnicas, criando alertas e correções automatizadas. O sensoriamento permite integração total das operações e viabiliza o uso de robôs nas operações repetidas e exaustivas ao ser humano. Com uso dos sensores é possível identificar perdas superiores a 20% de qualidade, onde o produto não recebeu o tratamento térmico adequado, além de perdas de produtividade e exposição inadequada dos operadores a repetição, calor e tomada de decisão. O sensoriamento e o uso de câmeras de visão, somados a tecnologias da indústria 4.0 potencializam decisões inteligentes.
Comparison of Percentage Depth Doses with the Published Data for Co-60 Radiotherapy Machine at a Regional Cancer Hospital
Authors: Ali Javaid , Sohail Muhammd , Samad Abdul , Ahmad Israr , Soomro Hafeezullah , Biradar Ghufran , Naz Irum , Tariq Imadullah 
Published: December 2023

In external beam radiation therapy, the percentage depth dose (PDD) is a main factor for estimation of patient’s dose and dose distribution in target volume, therefore its accurate estimation is important. The purpose of this article is to compare PDDs with the published PDDs of different authors along central axis at different depths and field sizes for cobalt-60 (Co-60) radiotherapy machine at a regional cancer hospital Pakistan. A dedicated water phantom was used for estimation of PDDs at different depths and different field sizes, for Theratron phoenix Co-60 machine. It was observed that for 10×10 cm2 filed size of Co-60 beam mean percent variation in measured PDDs and published PDDs by different authors was -0.29% to 1.13%, which was within acceptable limit of ± 2%. However, for one author who used semi-empirical equation for PDDs calculation, the mean percent variation between measured PDDs and that of the author was -3.23%, 4.69% and 5.88% for 10×10 cm2, 25×25 cm2 and 30×30 cm2 field sizes of Co-60 beam respectively, which were within acceptable limit of ±10%. A noticeable increase in PDDs was observed with increase of the field size at given depth which shows obvious contribution of secondary scattered radiation. Also measured PDDs were well matched with that of published PDDs of most of the authors i.e. ± 2%, but the measured PDDs were moderately matched with that of PDDs for only one author for some field sizes and some depths i.e. ±10%, which need to be rectified by taking more such data.
« Et gloriosus in saecula » : Paléographie des notations franques nord-occidentales (970–1120) - Annexes et Planches
Authors: Goudesenne Jean-François 
Published: December 2023

<p><em>The Materiality of Chant Manuscripts</em> is an innovative multi-author project dealing with the complex interconnections between learning, writing and performing chant in the Middle Ages. A number of different methodological approaches have been employed, with the aim of beginning to understand the phenomenon of chant transmission over a large geographical area, linking and contrasting modern definitions of East and West. Thus, in spite of this wide geographical spread, and the consequent variety of rites, languages and musical styles involved, the common thread of parallels and similarities between various chant repertoires arising from the need to fix oral repertories in a written form, and the challenges involved in so doing, are what bring this wide variety of repertoires and approaches together. It is the Editors’ hope that this multi-centric, multi-disciplinary approach will encourage scholars working in these areas to consider their work as part of a much larger geographical and historical picture, and thus reveal to reader and listener more, and far richer, patterns of connections and developments than might otherwise have been suspected. </p>
<p>Online Appendix</p>
<p>Analyse des neumes : étude détaillée (6 pages)</p>
<p>ANNEXES (An. 1-7)</p>
<p>1. Schéma modal du Cantique de Daniel</p>
<p>2. Liste des témoins manuscrits examinés</p>
<p>3. Axes d’écriture</p>
<p>4. Modélisation des livres liturgiques au XIe s.</p>
<p>5. Variantes mélodiques</p>
<p>6. Coefficients de diversité graphique des neumes</p>
<p>7. Distribution des versets et parcours modal dans les sources</p>
<p>SYNOPTIQUES (Planches de format A3, pliées) </p>
<p>A Tableau des neumes (pl. A-1-4)</p>
<p>B Transcriptions du Canticum Danielis (pl. B-1-16)</p>
<p>Jean-François Goudesenne, ‘« Et gloriosus in saecula ». Paléographie des notations franques nord-occidentales (970–1120)’, Musicalia Antiquitatis & Medii Aevi, 2 (Turnhout: Brepols, 2023)</p>
Estimating Risk Relativity of Driving Records using Generalized Additive Models: A Statistical Approach for Auto Insurance Rate Regulation
Authors: Xie Shengkun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Studying driving records (DR) and assessing their risk relativity is crucial for auto insurance rate regulation. Typically, the evaluation of DR involves estimating risk using empirical loss cost or modeling approaches such as Generalized Linear Models (GLM). This article presents a novel methodology employing Generalized Additive Models (GAM) to estimate the risk relativity of DR. By treating the integer level of DR as a continuous variable, the proposed method offers enhanced flexibility and practicality in evaluating the associated risk. Extending the linear model to GAM is a critical advancement that harnesses advanced statistical methods in actuarial practice, providing a more statistically robust application of the proposed approach. Moreover, the integration of functional patterns with Class or Territory enables the investigation of statistical evidence supporting the existence of associations between risk factors. This approach helps address the issue of potential double penalties in insurance pricing and calls for a statistical solution to overcome this challenge. Our study demonstrates that utilizing the GAM approach yields a more balanced estimation of DR relativity, thereby reducing discrimination among different DR levels. This finding highlights the potential of this statistical method to improve fairness and accuracy in auto insurance rate making and regulation.