bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized trial of fenretinide (4‐HPR) to prevent recurrences, new localizations and carcinomas in patients operated on for oral leukoplakia: Long‐term results
Authors: Chiesa Fausto , Tradati Nicoletta , Grigolato Roberto , Boracchi Patrizia , Biganzoli Elia , Crose Nadia , Cavadini Elena , Formelli Franca , Costa Luigi , Giardini Roberto , Zurrida Stefano , Costa Alberto , De Palo Giuseppe , Veronesi Umberto 
Published: February 2005

AbstractWe assessed the efficacy of fenretinide at preventing relapses, new lesions and carcinomas after surgical excision of oral leukoplakia. In a controlled multicenter study, 170 patients operated on for oral leukoplakias with benign postoperative histology were randomized to 200 mg fenretinide daily for 1 year vs. no intervention. Preliminary analysis indicated that fenretinide had good tolerability and was effective at preventing relapses and new lesions during treatment. Analysis after 5‐year follow‐up suggested that fenretinide protected against relapses and new lesions up to 19 months after randomization, with both limits of the 95% hazard ratio CI for fenretinide vs. control below 1 for 7 months after randomization. There was also a protective effect against all first events, including cancer, for 25 months, with both limits of the 95% CI below 1 up to 11 months after randomization. Subsequently, risk ratio estimates were unstable. Fenretinide was well tolerated and effective at preventing relapses and new leukoplakias during treatment and after. The trial had to be stopped prematurely for very low recruitment and had insufficient power to reveal any protective effect against oral carcinoma; nevertheless, continuing studies on this promising chemopreventive are justified. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mono/oligoclonal pattern of Kaposi Sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV‐8) episomes in primary effusion lymphoma cells
Authors: Boulanger Emmanuelle , Duprez Renan , Delabesse Eric , Gabarre Jean , Macintyre Elizabeth , Gessain Antoine 
Published: February 2005

AbstractPrimary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare lymphoma of B‐cell origin, developed in serous cavities. PEL tumor cells are latently infected with Kaposi sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and in most cases co‐infected with Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV). In 15 primary PEL tumors including 10 EBV‐positive cases, we analyzed the fused terminal repeat (TR) regions of KSHV episomes using pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis and Southern blot. On the same genomic DNA samples, the cellular clonality was assessed by Southern blot and PCR detection of monoclonal immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) VDJ gene rearrangements, associated in the EBV‐infected cases, with Southern blot analysis of the fused termini of EBV episomes. Monoclonal IGH gene rearrangements were detected in 13 tumors using Southern blot, in 11 cases using PCR, and in all cases considering both methods. EBV infection was monoclonal in all EBV‐positive cases. However, only 5 PEL tumors were found to be monoclonally infected with KSHV. In the 10 other cases, we found a biclonal (2 bands; n = 4) or an oligoclonal pattern (3–6 bands; n = 6) of KSHV episomes. We hypothesized that the apparent discrepancy between viral and cellular clonalities in PEL might be due to several phenomena including complex mechanisms of genomic recircularization, insertion of duplicated sequences into the TR region and simultaneous infection of tumor cells with defective KSHV variants. KSHV infection of contaminating nontumoral cells, superinfection from lytically infected cells or viral integration events might also explain the oligoclonal pattern of KSHV infection. Several of these mechanisms, not mutually exclusive, might coexist in a single tumor. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
C‐terminal SH3 domain of CrkII regulates the assembly and function of the DOCK180/ELMO Rac‐GEF
Authors: Akakura Shin , Kar Bishnupriya , Singh Sukhwinder , Cho Leong , Tibrewal Nitu , Sanokawa‐Akakura Reiko , Reichman Charles , Ravichandran Kodimangalam S. , Birge Raymond B. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractGenetic studies in Caenorhabiditis elegans identified an evolutionarily conserved CED‐2 (CrkII), CED‐5 (DOCK180), CED‐12 (ELMO), CED‐10 (Rac1) module important for cell migration and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. Previous studies have shown that DOCK180 and ELMO comprise an unconventional bipartite Dbl homology domain‐independent Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Rac‐GEF); but it is still unclear how CrkII functions in Rac‐GEF activity. In this study, we have characterized a unique function of CrkII in phagocytosis and Rac activation mediated by the C‐terminal SH3 domain, a region of CrkII that has no clear cellular or biochemical function. We found that mutations that disrupt the C‐terminal SH3 domain of CrkII (CrkII‐SH3‐C) abrogate engulfment of apoptotic cells and impair cell spreading on extracellular matrix. Surprisingly, despite the effects on engulfment, W276K CrkII strongly potentiated Rac‐GTP loading when ectopically expressed in HEK 293T cells. Contrary to the effects of the true dominant negative SH2 domain mutants (R38K CrkII) and SH3‐N domain mutants (W170K CrkII) that prevent macromolecular assembly of signaling proteins, W276K CrkII increases association between DOCK180 and CrkII as well as constitutive tethering of the Crk/DOCK180/ELMO protein complex that interacted with RhoG. Our results indicate that while N‐terminal SH3 of CrkII promotes assembly between CrkII and DOCK180, the C‐terminal SH3 of CrkII regulates the stability and turnover of the DOCK180/ELMO complex. Studies with W276K CrkII may offer a unique opportunity to study the structure and function of the DOCK180/ELMO Rac‐GEF. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐5 (IGFBP‐5) interacts with thrombospondin‐1 to induce negative regulatory effects on IGF‐I actions
Authors: Moralez Anna M. , Maile Laura A. , Clarke Jane , Busby Walker H. , Clemmons David R. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractInsulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐5 (IGFBP‐5) and thrombospondin‐1 (TS‐1) are both present in extracellular matrix (ECM). Both proteins have been shown to bind to one another with high affinity. The purpose of these studies was to determine how the interaction between IGFBP‐5 and TS‐1 modulates IGF‐I actions in porcine aortic smooth muscle cells (pSMC) in culture. The addition of increasing concentrations of TS‐1 to pSMC cultures enhanced the protein synthesis and cell migration responses to IGF‐I; whereas the addition of IGFBP‐5 alone resulted in minimal changes. In contrast, the addition of IGFBP‐5 to cultures that were also exposed to IGF‐I and TS‐1 resulted in inhibition of protein synthesis. When the cell migration response was assessed, the response to IGF‐I plus TS‐1 was also significantly inhibited by the addition of IGFBP‐5, whereas 1.0 μg/ml of IGFBP‐5 alone had no effect on the response to IGF‐I.To determine the molecular mechanism by which this inhibition occurred, a mutant form of IGFBP‐5 that does not bind to IGF‐I was tested. This mutant was equipotent compared to native IGFBP‐5 in its ability to inhibit both protein synthesis and cell migration responses to IGF‐I plus TS‐1 thus excluding the possibility that IGFBP‐5 was inhibiting the response to TS‐1 and IGF‐I by inhibiting IGF‐I binding to the IGF‐I receptor. To determine if an interaction between TS‐1 and IGFBP‐5 was the primary determinant of the inhibitory effect of IGFBP‐5, an IGFBP‐5 mutant that bound poorly to TS‐1 was utilized. The addition of 1.0 μg/ml of this mutant did not inhibit the protein synthesis or cell migration responses to IGF‐I plus TS‐1. To determine the mechanism by which IGFBP‐5 binding to TS‐1 inhibited cellular responses to TS‐1 plus IGF‐I, TS‐1 binding to integrin associated protein (IAP) was assessed. The addition of IGFBP‐5 (1.0 μg/ml) inhibited TS‐1–IAP association. In contrast, a mutant form of IGFBP‐5 that bound poorly to TS‐1 had a minimal effect on TS‐1 binding to IAP. Further analysis showed that IGFBP‐5 addition altered the ability of TS‐1 to modulate the SHPS‐1/IAP interaction. When the IGFBP‐5 mutant that did not bind to IGF‐I was incubated with TS‐1 and IGF‐I, it inhibited the capacity of TS‐1 to enhance the IGF‐I receptor phosphorylation and MAP kinase activation in response to IGF‐I. In contrast, the IGFBP‐5 mutant that did not bind to TS‐1 had no effect on IGF‐I stimulated IGF‐I receptor phosphorylation or MAP kinase activation. These results indicate that IGFBP‐5 inhibits the binding of TS‐1 to IAP, and this results in an alteration of the ability of TS‐1 to modulate the disruption of the IAP/SHPS‐1 interaction which leads to attenuation of the ability of TS‐1 to enhance cellular responsiveness to IGF‐I. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Low Curing Temperature Silver Ink for Use in Ink‐Jet Printing and Subsequent Production of Conductive Tracks
Authors: Dearden Angela L. , Smith Patrick J. , Shin Dong‐Youn , Reis Nuno , Derby Brian , O'Brien Paul 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSummary: A drop‐on‐demand ink‐jet printer has been used to print a silver‐organic solution onto glass substrates. Conductive silver tracks were obtained by heat treatment of the ink‐jet printed deposits at temperatures ranging from 125 °C–200 °C in air. Resistivity values were found to have dropped to two to three times the theoretical resisitivity of bulk silver after temperatures of 150 °C and above were used.Resistivity values of a silver‐based ink.magnified imageResistivity values of a silver‐based ink.
Diffuse Interface Modeling of Droplet Impact on a Pre‐Patterned Solid Surface
Authors: Khatavkar Vinayak V. , Anderson Patrick D. , Duineveld Paul C. , Meijer Han H. E. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSummary: The impact of a droplet on a solid surface, pre‐patterned with a barrier, was studied using a diffuse interface model. The effect of the wettability of the barrier material and the width of the barrier on droplet spreading was investigated. The results show that depending on the barrier wettability and width, the flow of the spreading droplet can be controlled and that the droplet may or may not overflow the barrier.Droplet shapes with the corresponding velocity field for different barrier contact angles at ± = 1.5.magnified imageDroplet shapes with the corresponding velocity field for different barrier contact angles at ± = 1.5.
Polymer‐Based Rectifying Diodes on a Glass Substrate Fabricated by Ink‐Jet Printing
Authors: Liu Yi , Cui Tianhong 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSummary: The fabrication of polymer diodes on a glass substrate by an ink‐jet printing technique is reported. Both an n‐type semiconductive polymer, poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(2‐ethylhexyloxy)‐1,4‐(1‐cyanovinylene)phenylene] (CN‐PPV), and a p‐type semiconductive polymer, polypyrrole (PPy) or poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), were printed through a piezoelectric ink‐jet printer. The printed CN‐PPV/PPy and CN‐PPV/PEDOT diodes showed good rectifying characteristics. These results indicate the potential of the low‐cost ink‐jet printing technique to produce polymer microelectronic devices and circuits.Schematic diagram of the printed polymer diodemagnified imageSchematic diagram of the printed polymer diode
Ink‐Jet Printing of Functional Polymers and Materials: First International Workshop in Eindhoven
Authors: de Gans B.‐J. , Schubert U. S. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThis section contains reports on topical conferences. Reports are usually written at the request of the editorial office, but unsolicited contributions are also welcome. Suggestions should be sent to the editorial office of the Macromolecular journals, preferably by E‐mail to macromol@wiley‐vch.de.
Ink‐Jet Printing of Linear and Star Polymers
Authors: de Gans Berend‐Jan , Xue Lijing , Agarwal Uday S. , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSummary: The influence of architecture on ink‐jet printability of polymer solutions is investigated by comparing linear and 6‐arm star PMMA. At comparable concentration and molecular weight, filament formation is much more pronounced for linear PMMA than for star PMMA. Visual examination of filament stretching allows estimation of the involved elongation rates, which are at high voltages sufficiently large for coil‐stretch transition of the chains, suggesting its role in filament formation.The results obtained in this study suggest a possible role of the coil‐stretch transition of the polymer chains in filament formation.magnified imageThe results obtained in this study suggest a possible role of the coil‐stretch transition of the polymer chains in filament formation.
Polymerization of Aniline by Auric Acid: Formation of Gold Decorated Polyaniline Nanoballs
Authors: Mallick Kaushik , Witcomb Mike J. , Dinsmore Andy , Scurrell Mike S. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSummary: We report a new method for the preparation of polyaniline nanoballs by using HAuCl4 as an oxidizing agent. During the reaction, aniline is oxidized and forms polyaniline whilst the hydrogen tetrachloroaurate is reduced and forms gold nanoparticles. These gold nanoparticles are found to decorate the nanoballs.The resultant precipitate and corresponding TEM image of the gold‐nanoparticle covered polyaniline nanoball.magnified imageThe resultant precipitate and corresponding TEM image of the gold‐nanoparticle covered polyaniline nanoball.
Functionalization of the active chain ends of poly(vinyl chloride) obtained by single‐electron‐transfer/degenerative‐chain‐transfer mediated living radical polymerization: Synthesis of telechelic α,ω‐di(hydroxy)poly(vinyl chloride)
Authors: Percec Virgil , Popov Anatoliy V. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe chloroiodomethyl chain ends of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) obtained by the single‐electron‐transfer/degenerative‐chain‐transfer mediated living radical polymerization of vinyl chloride initiated with iodoform were quantitatively functionalized by the reaction with 2‐allyloxyethanol (CH2CHCH2OCH2CH2OH). This reaction was performed in dimethyl sulfoxide at 70 °C and was catalyzed by sodium dithionite/sodium bicarbonate. The resulting product is the first example of telechelic PVC [α,ω‐di(hydroxy)PVC]. A possible mechanism for this reaction was suggested. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 1255–1260, 2005
Room‐temperature 1.53 µm emission in Er3+‐doped PbWO4 single crystals
Authors: Huang Yanlin , Seo Hyo Jin , Zhu Wenliang , Yang Yu 
Published: February 2005

AbstractIn this work, room temperature 1.53 µm emissions were investigated for the first time in Er3+‐doped PbWO4 crystals. J–O calculations demonstrated that the high rates of nonradiative relaxation from the excited states to the level 4I13/2 ensure its effective population. Consequently there is a possibility of generation of stimulated emission based on the 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 transition. Fluorescence intensity and lifetime of 1.53 µm emission (4I13/2 → 4I15/2) with a wider full wave at half maximum show a dependence on crystal orientation, which become stronger with increasing Er3+ doping. Annealing exerts a distinct influence on the 1.53 µm emission and its fluorescence lifetime in PbWO4:Er3+ crystals, which might be caused by a reduction of defects in the lattice and to make Er3+ ions optically active. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Withdrawal: Dependence of giant magnetoresistance on the thicknesses of magnetic and nonmagnetic layers in dual spin valves [phys. stat. sol. (a) 201, 2995 (2004)]
Authors: Wang Yong , Xu Ming , Mai Zhenhong 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe authors withdraw their article published in phys. stat. sol. (a) 201, 2995 (2004). (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Investigation of copper doped InP single crystals grown by Czochralski technique for use in X‐ray detection
Authors: Zdansky K. , Zavadil J. , Pekarek L. , Gorodynskyy V. , Kozak H. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractCopper doped InP crystals were synthesized by Bridgman method and further grown by Czochralski technique. Samples of as grown crystals were of n‐type conductivity with the estimated concentration of copper smaller than 5 × 1015 cm–3. The electron mobility in these samples is largely reduced at low temperatures, which is attributed to a strong scattering of electrons on copper impurities similar to other atomic impurities with partly occupied 3d shells. The samples were converted to p‐type semi‐insulating state after annealing at 500 °C and quenched to room temperature. The energy of copper acceptor causing the semi‐insulating state was determined by temperature dependent Hall measurements as 0.29 eV in agreement with the low temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
High spatial resolution micro‐Raman temperature measurements of nitride devices (FETs and light emitters)
Authors: Kuball M. , Pomeroy J. W. , Rajasingam S. , Sarua A. , Uren M. J. , Martin T. , Lell A. , Härle V. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractKnowledge of the temperature in the active area of III‐nitride semiconductor devices such as AlGaN/GaN HFETs is essential for optimizing device design, performance and reliability, however, direct measurement of this temperature is not readily achieved. Infrared techniques often employed to measure the temperature of an active device are not well suited for AlGaN/GaN HFETs due to their limited spatial resolution when compared with the only micron‐size source‐drain device openings. The novel use of micro‐Raman spectroscopy for in‐situ measurements of device temperature, i.e., self‐heating effects, in single‐ and multi‐finger AlGaN/GaN HFETs with micrometer‐size resolution is discussed. Effects of device design on device temperature are illustrated. Variations in device temperature over a full wafer are studied considering that device reliability is strongly affected by device temperature. Applications of the technique to opto‐electronic devices in particular to InGaN/GaN laser diodes are also presented. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Resonant Raman spectroscopy on InN
Authors: Kuball M. , Pomeroy J. W. , Wintrebert‐Fouquet M. , Butcher K. S. A. , Lu Hai , Schaff W. J. , Shubina T. V. , Ivanov S. V. , Vasson A. , Leymarie J. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe novel use of resonant Raman spectroscopy to elucidate the band gap of InN is illustrated in a study of MBE‐grown films. This technique can distinguish between electronic transitions related to the InN from transitions related to defects and impurities that are so typical for current InN material. Using excitation energies from 1.49 eV (830 nm) to 2.54 eV (488 nm), we identify a critical point in the InN band structure within ≈200–300 meV below 1.5 eV. The origin of this critical point, whether band gap or higher critical point, is discussed. Furthermore, Raman results are presented on the temperature dependence of the InN phonons. Analysis of the data provides information on phonon lifetimes and decay mechanisms, important to assess whether hot phonon effects need to be considered in future InN devices. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optical characterisation of Bi‐doped GaN films grown by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Ibáñez J. , Pastor D. , Cuscó R. , Artús L. , Avella M. , Jiménez J. , Novikov S. V. , Foxon C. T. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractWe use cathodoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy to investigate GaN layers grown by plasma‐assisted molecular beam epitaxy with different Bi fluxes. We find that the growth of GaN with an additional Bi flux favours the formation of submicron cubic domains, which results in layers with reduced crystalline quality and lower luminescence emission. We detect a Bi‐related Raman feature at low frequencies that we tentatively assign to local Bi modes in GaN, which indicates that a fraction of Bi atoms incorporates into the GaN lattice. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Molecular structural conformations and hydration of internally hydrogen‐bonded salicylic acid: Ab initio and DFT studies
Authors: Anandan K. , Kolandaivel P. , Kumaresan R. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractWe studied molecular structural conformations and hydration of internally hydrogen‐bonded salicylic acid using ab initio and density functional theory methods. Molecular geometries and energetical parameters were obtained in gaseous phase using MP2 and B3LYP levels of theory, implementing the 6‐311G(2d,2p) atomic basis set. Chemical hardness and chemical potential were calculated at HF/6‐311G(2d,2p) level of theory for all the optimized structures, and the principle of maximum hardness was tested. The condensed Fukui functions were calculated using the atomic charges obtained through a natural population analysis scheme for all optimized structures at B3LYP/6‐311G(2d,2p) level of theory, and the most reactive sites of the molecules were identified. NMR studies were carried out for all the conformers in gaseous phase on the basis of Cheeseman et al.'s method at B3LYP/6‐311G(2d,2p) level of theory; the calculated chemical shift values are discussed. The self‐consistent reaction field theory (SCRF) was used to optimize all the conformers in aqueous phase (ε = 78.39) at B3LYP/6‐311G(2d,2p) level of theory and the solvent effect was studied. The geometrical and energetical parameters of all the conformers are compared and analyzed. The dimeric structure of the most stable conformer in the gaseous phase was optimized at B3LYP/6‐311G(2d,2p) level of theory and the interaction energy studied. Selected conformers were allowed to interact with water molecule; optimized parameters are discussed. Vibrational frequency analyses were performed at MP2/6‐311G(2d,2p) level of theory and the stationary point corresponding to local minima without imaginary frequencies are obtained for all the optimized structures. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005
Theoretical investigation of the proton affinities of benzazoles in the gas phase and in solution
Authors: Hilal Rifaat , Khalek Ahmed A. Abdel , Elroby Shabaan A. K. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe ground‐state equilibrium geometries of benzothiazole, benzoxazole, and benzimidazole were optimized at the density functional theory (DFT)/6‐31G** level of theory. Proton affinities on each of the possible sites in the studied series of compounds have been calculated at the DFT/6‐31G**/6‐311++G** level. The results indicate clearly that N‐site protonation is strongly favored over X‐site protonation (X = NH, O, S) for the series studied. Correlation of the computed proton affinities to the energy (EHOMO) of the highest occupied MO in the gas phase and in solution has been explored and discussed. A comprehensive investigation of the effect of solvent on the process of protonation of the studied compounds has been performed. Different dielectric continuum models (i.e., Onsager, PCM, and IPCM) have been tested; their performance and range of applicability are reported and discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005
Graph theoretical procedure for obtaining analytical expressions of eigenspectra of linear chains and cycles with alternant vertex weights and same edge weight: Application to some complicated graphs
Authors: Mandal Bholanath 
Published: February 2005

AbstractA graph theoretical procedure for obtaining eigenvalues of linear chains and cycles having alternant vertex weights (h1, h2, h1, h2, h1, h2, …) and the same edge weight (k) have been developed. The eigenvalues of some complicated graphs, such as graphs of linear polyacenes, methylene‐substituted linear polyacenes and cylindrical polyacene strips, stack graphs, and reciprocal graphs have been shown to be generated in closed analytical forms by this procedure. Many such graphs represent chemically important molecules or radicals. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005