bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inﬂuence of the type of planting material on the efﬁciency of establishment of poplar plantations in the Right Bank Forest Steppe
Authors: Kyrylko Ya. O. , Fuchylo Ya. D. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose. To determine the features of the cultivation of energy plantation of poplar variety ‘Robusta’ on leached chernozems in the Central Forest Steppe of Ukraine.
Methods. Field, laboratory, statistical.
Results. Climatic changes actualize the need for the transition of agrarian business of Ukraine to agroforestry systems not only in the Steppe, but also in more northern regions of the country. The purpose of the research was to study the features of establishing poplar (Populus × euramericana) field protection plantations in the Central Forest Steppe of Ukraine. It was established that an effective way to increase the survival rate of one-year cutting seedlings of poplar varieties ‘Dorskamp’, ‘Robusta’ and ‘I‑45/51’ is to plant them without trunks. In all studied varieties, during the first two years, the survival of seedlings was higher in the version without a trunk and ranged from 57.0 to 68.9%, while in seedlings with a trunk it ranged from 50.3% to 68.1%. In 2022, due to irrigation, the survival rate was from 74.4% to 88.9%. The average height was also higher in plants grown from seedlings without a trunk. It turned out to be the highest in plants of the ‘Dorskamp’ clone, ranging from 188.6 to 209.3 cm. In uncutted plants of this variety, it was from 174.0 to 197.2 cm. It is advisable to continue the research started with the aim of breeding new forms of poplar and improving the technologies of creating forest and field plantations with the use of the varieties which can be used in the Polissia and Forest Steppe zones.
Association of visceral adiposity index with cardiovascular risk factors among young adults
Authors: Rajendran Suryapriya , Sekar Logesh Khanna , Mishra Sasmita , Madhavanpillai Manju 
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: The frequent cause of mortality today is cardiovascular disease. Though dyslipidemia predicts cardiovascular risk, the possibility of risk cannot be excluded in normal lipid profile. Therefore, the study was conducted to associate visceral adiposity index (VAI) with cardiovascular risk factors among young adults.

Materials and Methods: It is a cross-sectional study in which 150 men and 150 women between the ages of 20 and 40 participated. A detailed clinical history, anthropometric measurements, fasting plasma glucose and fasting lipid profile were estimated. VAI was calculated.

Results: Mean VAI was 2.13±0.5 in men and 2.65±0.8 in women. Based on visceral adiposity index, 53% men and 61% women have a high risk of cardiovascular disease. VAI correlated positively with waist circumference, BMI, waist hip ratio, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, serum triglyceride, lipid ratios. VAI showed significant negative correlation with HDL cholesterol.

Conclusion: We explored the increase in cardiovascular risk among young adults. Though mean values of lipid profile and lipid ratios were within the desired range in our study, around 50% of the young adults had high risk for cardiovascular disease. Hence, VAI index can be used along with the existing lipid profile to identify those at increased cardiovascular risk.
Normal saline infiltration as a treatment of steroid injection induced tissue atrophy: A clinical study
Authors: Biswas Rabindranath , Sarkar Dibyajyoti , Ghoshal Loknath 
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Intramuscular steroid injection is a technique often used by unqualified village practitioners to control symptoms of a variety of disease processes. Such injudicious use of high dosages of steroids results in local side effects. Such side effects include occurrence of tissue atrophy at the site of injection. The treatment of such tissue atrophy includes filling up the gap with injection of autologous fat and other materials. However, these are expensive and require specialised set up. Normal saline infiltration into the atrophic area at varying intervals has been successfully tried by several authors in the past. The aim of the study was to find the efficiency and side effects of normal saline infiltration into acquired lipoatrophy areas as a method of treatment.

Material and Methods: After informed consent, normal saline was infiltrated into the defect till sufficient tumescence was obtained.

Results: Nine children were treated. Most of them had received steroid injections for exacerbation of childhood asthma. The defect had appeared shortly (2 to 4 months) after the last injection was received. The site of the defect was rounded and located on the deltoid region in the majority. Our success rate was 66%. The determination of the success rate of this technique and the factors contributing to the success of the technique requires more studies in this field.

Conclusion: Normal saline infiltration is a safe and effective way for treating steroid injection induced skin and tissue atrophy.
Prevalence of target organ disease and its relation with HbA1c at the point of detection of type 2 diabetes mellitus – A cross sectional study from a tertiary care hospital in Odisha
Authors: Elika Manasa , Kabi Sobhitendu , Dash Abhishek Prasad , Sahu Samir , Kumbha Gopi , Jonnalagadda Vihari , Bhargav Vamsi Krishna Yargarla , V S R S L Aneesh Kalavakolanu , Jain Abhik , Veneeth Varma Tirumalaraju 
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: HbA1c is not only a valid indicator of chronic hyperglycaemia but also coincides with the increased risk of diabetic complications in the long term. This study focuses on the prevalence of target organ disease (TOD) and its relation with HbA1c at the point of detecting Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(T2DM).

Materials and Methods: This is a single-centre cross-sectional study done in the Department of General medicine at IMS and SUM Hospital, Odisha, between November 2020 and June 2022, including all newly diagnosed Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus patients aged > 30 years. Besides all the biochemical parameters, the demographic profile was noted in an excel sheet, and later on, using SPSS version 26, the data was analysed categorically.

Results: 148 newly diagnosed Type 2 DM patients were enrolled in the study with male predominance (54.72%). The mean age was found as 52.49±9.40 years. There were 29 (19.5%) cases of diabetic retinopathy, 39 (26.3%) diabetic neuropathy, 32(21.6%) diabetic nephropathy and 23(15.54%) left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, with a minimal number of RWMA [7 (4.72%)], Concentric left ventricular hypertrophy [9 (6.08%)] and Ischemic DCM [1(0.67%)] found as complications of newly diagnosed Diabetes mellitus patients. The prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) is higher in our study than in other diabetic complications, i.e., 40 (27.02%).A statistically significant (p<0.05) correlation exists between newly diagnosed Diabetes patients with higher HbA1C and serum creatinine, serum urea, microalbuminuria, and positive monofilament test.

Conclusion: This study underscores the significance of assessing target organ damage (TOD) prevalence for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) detection, highlighting the utility of HbA1c testing. HbA1c, a rapid and precise diagnostic tool, holds promise, especially in resource-limited settings, aiding in timely T2DM diagnosis and improved patient care amid the global diabetes epidemic.
Isolation and characterization of an antibacterial compound Bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate from the fungi Penicillium digitatum
Authors: A. Abd Ali Mohammed , O. Darweesh Asaad , M. Matar Muthanna 
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Penicillium is a fungal antibiotic derived from Penicillium notatum. In this study, we aimed to isolate the antibacterial compound Bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate from the fungi Penicillium digitatum, as well as study its antibacterial activity against the the pathogens Escherichia coli,Group B Streptococcus agalactiae, and Staphylococcus aureus.

Materials and Methods: The identification of Bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-containing secondary metabolite was achieved through bioassay-guided chemical analysis of the crude extract. The structure of the compound was identified from UV spectra, IR, and GC-MS spectral data. The antimicrobial activity of Bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, isolated from the fungus Penicillium digitatum, was determined using standard methods.

Results: UV, IR, and GC-MS spectroscopy confirmed the crude extract of fungi Penicillium digitatum to contain the bioactive compounds 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid and bis(ethylhexyl) phthalate. The MIC value of the bioactive molecule was also determined to be 32 mg/ml. The P. digitatum ethyl acetate extract showed moderate antibacterial activity against the Gram-negative bacterial isolate Escherichia coli and high activity against the Gram positive pathogens Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus.

Conclusion: The fungi Penicillium digitatum produces the metabolite Bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, which exhibits antibacterial activity against Gram positive and Gram-negative pathogens and hence could be used in treating infections by these bacterial pathogens.
Salivary calcium in postmenopausal women and prevalence of dental caries: A cross sectional study
Authors: Shetty Nireeksha , N. Hegde Mithra , Rai Manisha , Rama Varma Sudhir 
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Hormonal variations in postmenopausal women may cause growth and development of the oral epithelium, especially in response to estrogen levels. One of the manifestations of this issue is xerostomia or dryness of the mouth. Saliva provides a first line of defence against diseases like caries by maintaining the pH levels. However, estrogen levels have been shown to directly affect the salivary flow rate.

Materials and Methods: The current study focuses on the estimation of salivary calcium levels in postmenopausal women and its association with the prevalence of dental caries. Informed consent was obtained from study subjects and they were categorized into case and control based on DMFT index (Decay, filled, missing) WHO criteria 2013.Post menopausal women with caries were categorized has case(n=40) and women who have not attained menopause free of caries were categorized has control (n=40). Unstimulated salivary samples were collected by Navazesh protocol and the salivary calcium levels were estimated by ARSENAZO method.

Results: The average calcium levels in saliva were found to be 1.84± 0.30 and 1.67± 0.32 for case group and control group respectively. The mean decayed, missing due to caries, and filled teeth (DMFT) score was observed to be 10.45± 3.81 and 1.80± 0.341 for case group and control group respectively.

Conclusion: According to the findings, postmenopausal women need to be administered enough calcium supplements in order to maintain good dental hygiene and thus improve lifestyle.
In vitro anticancer activity of Citrus maxima peel extract on human breast cancer cells
Authors: Monteiro Flama , S. Shetty Shilpa , Acharya Ranjitha , Vittal Shetty Vijith , Kumari N. Suchetha 
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: The alarming rise in breast cancer cases highlights the need for a safer, effective, and more responsive chemoprevention approach for cancer treatment. In contrast to conventional chemotherapeutic medicines, which primarily function as mono-target agents, phytochemicals have been proven to inhibit cancer growth by influencing numerous processes, such as apoptosis and signaling pathways. Citrus maxima (Burm). Merr., frequently identified as pomelo, exhibits a wide range of biological activities, and is utilized extensively in the conventional approach to medicine, and this study focused on anti-cancer properties of Citrus maxima peel extracts.

Materials and Methods: The anti-proliferative properties of the Citrus maxima peel extracts and its flavonoid Naringin on the breast cancer cell line was evaluated using the MTT test. The ability of the breast cancer cells to migrate was assessed using a wound healing assay and their capacity to form colonies was assessed using a colony formation assay.

Results: The Citrus maxima crude peel extracts and Naringin inhibited the cell proliferation of the breast cancer cell line. The cell viability of breast cancer cells decreased with time after treatment with their corresponding IC50. The colony-formation capacity and migration ability of the cells was also reduced.

Conclusion: The examined Citrus maxima crude peel extracts and its flavonoid Naringin showed strong anticancer efficacy by suppressing cell proliferation and could be seen as prospective candidates for upcoming breast cancer therapeutic medications. Extensive research is also needed to fully comprehend the precise mechanism of action of extracts and its components.
Anti-cancer potential of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum NG28 through the induction of intrinsic apoptosis
Authors: Shankar Sowmya , Jayarama Shankar , Gopal Shubha 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Probiotics and fermented foods have become the focal point of research across different scientific disciplines, with recent findings indicating that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) isolated from various origins, holds significant promise in combating numerous diseases, including cancer. Hence, our current study seeks to explore how the L. plantarum NG28 strain might counteract the growth of HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, potentially contributing to anti-cancer strategies.

Methods: The effect of the ethyl acetate extract of L. plantarum NG28 strain on HT-29 cells was evaluated in several ways. First, the cytotoxicity of HT-29 cells was determined by MTT assay. Additionally, the changes in cell morphology of HT-29 cells through DAPI staining and the induction of apoptosis using Annexin V-FITC/PI staining followed by flow cytometry were investigated. By using the RT-PCR and western blot techniques the expression of pro-apoptotic genes and proteins such as Bax, Caspase-9, and Caspase-3, as well as the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 was examined.

Results: The findings revealed that the ethyl acetate extract of L. plantarum NG28 strain had a significant impact on the viability of HT-29 colon cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, in contrast to its minimal effect on HUVEC cells. DAPI staining revealed the noticeable DNA damage and condensation of treated HT-29 cells and the flow cytometry strengthened the occurrence of apoptosis in the treated HT-29 cells. RT-PCR and western blot techniques investigated the intrinsic apoptosis of HT-29 cells through the increased expression levels of pro-apoptotic genes / proteins and decreased expression levels of anti-apoptotic gene.

Conclusion: The study demonstrated the anti-cancer activity of ethyl acetate extract of the L. plantarum NG28 strain against HT-29 colon cancer cells, primarily through the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. This suggests that L. plantarum NG28 strain could be used as a therapeutic tool in the inhibition and medication of colorectal cancer.
Analisis Performansi Jaringan Komputer Menggunakan Metode Unequal Load Balance Pada Jaringan Lokal
Authors: Putri Agustyaningsih  , Cahyo Prihantoro  , Iqsyahiro Kresna A  
Published: November 2023

Salah satu kendala jaringan yang perlu diwaspadai adalah putusnya jalur koneksi yang menyebabkan jaringan sama sekali tidak dapat melakukan pengiriman data. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, dilakukan teknik load balance dengan metode unequal load balance. Dengan metode unequal load balance selain untuk mengantisipasi koneksi terputus, teknik ini juga dapat meringankan beban traffic karena tidak hanya satu jalur yang akan menopang traffic jaringan komputer. Penerapan unequal load balance dilakukan secara simulasi pada emulator network GNS3 pada jaringan lokal dengan menggunakan router cisco 7200 sebanyak 8 buah yang terbagi menjadi empat jalur untuk mencapai router tujuan. Adapun hasil pengukuran Quality of Service (QoS) pada unequal load balance yaitu throughput sebesar 2105,832 Kbps dan masuk pada kategori througput yang sangat bagus, untuk delay sebesar 0,0042640 ms dan masuk pada kategori delay yang sangat bagus, untuk jitter sebesar 0,0000003769 ms masuk pada kategori jitter yang sangat bagus, serta untuk packet loss yaitu 0% sehingga masuk pada kategori packet loss yang sangat bagus. Hasil delay perpindahan link sebelum unequal load balance berpengaruh pada link/jalur mana yang diputus, apakah link pada jalur utama atau link pada jalur cadangan yang di putus. Sedangkan hasil delay perpindahan link sesudah unequal load balance tidak berpengaruh dengan jalur mana yang diputus.
Tiktok As a Media Application for Improving the Student Speaking Skills
Authors: Gunawan  , Taslim  , Dewi Sartika  
Published: November 2023

This research reports on the study of students' speaking ability through the use of the TikTok application. The problem of this research was the improvement of the students’ speaking accuracy and fluency through the use of the TikTok application at SMA Negeri 13 Bone. The purpose of the study was to determine students' ability to speak through the use of the TikTok application. The researcher used classroom action research (CAR), which was conducted in two cycles; each cycle consisted of four meetings. Thirty students in the eleventh grade at SMAN 13 Bone participated in this study The techniques for collecting data were observation and speaking tests. The research findings indicated that the application of the TikTok application was significant in improving the students’ speaking skills in terms of fluency and accuracy. It was proved by the mean score in the speaking ability for DT of 50.7, C1 of 65.79, and C2 of 77.69. So the improvement of the student's speaking ability from DT to C1 is 30.11%, DT to C2 is 52.96%, and CI to C2 is 18.08%. The researcher suggests that the use of media in language learning, particularly for speaking students, is absolutely essential. The TikTok media application is one that must be used. Students respond positively and enjoyably to the use of social media in the language learning process.
ANALISIS KADAR VITAMIN D PADA PENERIMA VAKSIN SINOVAC SEBAGAI GAMBARAN SISTEM IMUNITAS
Authors: Yusmiati Siti Nur Husnul , Damayanti Aprilia Aly , Wijayanti Christina Destri Wiwis , Watoyani Tonny 
Published: November 2023

The body's immune system is a system that detects a wide variety of outside biological influences, organisms will protect the body from infections, bacteria, viruses to parasites. During the current pandemic, the immune system is very important to prevent exposure to COVID-19. Efforts are made to be able to sufficient intake of vitamins and vaccinations. Vitamin D is one that is needed to prevent exposure to viruses. This study aims to determine vitamin D levels in sinovac vaccine recipients as an illustration of the immune system. This scientific paper research uses primary data analytic observation method with a cross-sectional design supported by literature studies, namely by describing the results of the research in the form of a percentage (%) decrease and increase in vitamin D compared to normal values. The results of the research on vitamin D levels receiving the Sinovac vaccine found that 92% or 23 patients out of 25 patients showed vitamin D levels were still within normal values and 8% or 2 patients showed vitamin D levels below normal values. It can be concluded that some of the research samples were in the normal range so that the immune system as the response of vitamin D to vaccines is still being seen. Keywords : SINOVAC Vaccine, Vitamin D, Immune System.
Deep learning with a multi-task convolutional neural network to generate a national-scale 3D soil data product: Particle size distribution of the German agricultural soil-landscape
Authors: Ließ Mareike , Sakhaee Ali 
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Many soil functions and processes are controlled by the soil particle size distribution. The generated three-dimensional continuous data product, which covers the particle size fractions of sand, silt, and clay in the agricultural soil-landscape of Germany, has a spatial resolution of 100 m and a depth resolution of 1 cm. This product is an important component for predicting the effects of agricultural management practices and their adaptability to climate change, as well as for analyzing soil functions and numerous risks. The effectiveness of the convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm in producing multidimensional, multivariate data products is demonstrated. Even though the potential of this deep learning approach to understand and model the complex soil-landscape relationship is virtually limitless, limitations are data-driven. Further research is needed to assess the required complexity and depth of the CNN and the inclusion of the landscape surrounding each soil profile.
Quantum simulation of ODEs, PDEs and related problems. Part I: Schrodingerisation of linear systems
Authors: Liu Nana 
Published: November 2023

One of the oldest and currently most promising application areas for quantum devices is quantum simulation. Popularised by Feynman in the early 1980s, it is important for the efficient simulation – compared to its classical counterpart – of one special partial differential equation (PDE): Schrodinger’s equation. This is possible because quantum devices themselves naturally obey Schrodinger’s equation. Just like with large-scale quantum systems, classical methods for other high-dimensional and large-scale PDEs often suffer from the curse-of-dimensionality, which a quantum treatment might in certain cases be able to mitigate. Aside from Schrodinger’s equation, can quantum simulators also efficiently simulate other PDEs? To enable the simulation of PDEs on quantum devices that obey Schrodinger’s equations, it is crucial to first develop good methods for mapping other PDEs onto Schrodinger’s equations. After a brief introduction to quantum simulation, I will address the above question in this talk by introducing a simple and natural method for mapping other linear PDEs onto Schrodinger’s equations. It turns out that by transforming a linear partial differential equation (PDE) into a higher-dimensional space, it can be transformed into a system of Schrodinger’s equations, which is the natural dynamics of quantum devices. This new method – called Schrodingerisation – thus allows one to simulate, in a simple way, any general linear partial differential equation and system of linear ordinary differential equations via quantum simulation. This simple methodology is also very versatile. It can be used directly either on discrete-variable quantum systems (qubits) or on analog/continuous quantum degrees of freedom (qumodes). The continuous representation in the latter case can be more natural for PDEs since, unlike most computational methods, one does not need to discretise the PDE first. In this way, we can directly map D-dimensional linear PDEs onto a (D + 1)-qumode quantum system where analog Hamiltonian simulation on (D + 1) qumodes can be used. It is the quantum version of analog computing and is more amenable to near-term realisation. I will show how this Schrodingerisation method can be applied to linear PDEs, systems of linear ODEs and also linear PDES with random coefficients, where the latter is important in the area of uncertainty quantification. Furthermore, these methods can be extended to solve problems in linear algebra by transforming iterative methods in linear algebra into the evolution of linear ODEs.