bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“One’s life becomes even more miserable when we hear all those hurtful words.” A mixed methods systematic review of disrespect and abuse in abortion care.
Authors: Munnangi Meghana , Shreedhar Priya , Lippus Hedda , Gilyan Regina , Evans Dabney P. , Maxwell Lauren 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Disrespect and abuse during facility-based abortion and postabortion care (PAC) manifests in various forms, including disrespect, abuse (physical, verbal, and sexual), stigma, discrimination, failure to meet standards of care, neglect, breaches in privacy and confidentiality, misinformation or a lack of information, mistreatment or undignified care, and protests. The objective of this mixed methods systematic review was to describe the various forms of disrespect and abuse that women face during abortion or PAC.
Methods
We conducted a comprehensive literature search in Embase, Medline, and PubMed using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and text-based terms targeting disrespect and abuse in facility-based abortion care. The initial search was conducted in 2019, followed by an updated search in 2023. Thirty-eight articles conducted in 20 countries met inclusion criteria and were included in this review.
Results
The most frequently observed form of disrespect and abuse, identified in 31 studies, was the failure to meet care standards in providing quality abortion care or PAC, particularly in terms of offering adequate and accurate information to women before, during and after the procedures. Additionally, stigma was reported in 20 studies, disrespect in 19 studies, discrimination in 10 studies, and both verbal and physical abuse, as well as humiliation and condescension, each in 8 studies. The presence of abortion protestors was also noted in 8 studies.
Conclusions
Our results indicate the need for multi-level strategies to transform healthcare providers' perceptions and attitudes towards women seeking abortion care, and other actions at the individual, institutional, and policy levels to provide quality, respectful abortion care. We found that providers sometimes highlighted caste or other markers of vulnerability as part of disrespectful care. The systematic measurement of disrespect and abuse in abortion care and PAC could help understand the distribution of experiences across different groups.
Lingering symptoms in non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 – a prospective survey study of symptom expression and effects on mental health in Germany
Authors: Rohde Jörn , Simmenroth Anne , Kaußner Yvonne , Bundschuh Rene 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The infection rates with SARS-CoV 2 virus, known since 2019, are currently significantly weakened in their dynamics. Nevertheless, COVID 19 is still a common disease, which in most cases is overcome quite well and can be treated by the general practitioner. Despite an initially uncomplicated disease progression, the long-term consequences can be considerable. Symptoms persisting over a period of more than 12 weeks after infection are summarized as Post-COVID (PC) syndrome. The aim of this study is to document the symptom expression in PC patients in the outpatient setting, with a major focus on limitations in daily life and consequences for mental health.
Methods
This survey is part of a prospective European collaborative study with the German cohort having been slightly extended and evaluated separately. Data collection was performed by telephone interviews of adult SARS CoV 2 positive patients using standardized questionnaires (38 open and 6 closed questions). After an inclusion interview, follow-up interviews were conducted every 4 weeks over a period of 6 months. Participants were recruited in collaboration with the local health department (Würzburg, Germany).
Results
Sixty participants were recruited in April and May 2021. After 12 weeks (PC cutoff), 48% still reported symptoms related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The most commonly reported symptoms were fatigue (33%), cognitive impairment (27%), and breathing problems (23%). One-quarter of respondents reported impaired functioning, with the most common daily limitations being sports (28%), work (25%), and social life (15%). At 6 months, 22% of respondents experienced anxiety and 12% reported depressive symptoms. Overall, 40% of respondents were concerned that their health would deteriorate again or not fully normalize because of COVID-19. Over two-thirds (70%) visited a physician during the course of the study because of COVID-19, 74% of whom visited their general practitioner.
Conclusion
PC in the outpatient setting is a common, difficult and multidimensional condition. In addition to physical symptoms, limitations in mental health and activities of daily life are particularly apparent. PC is not yet fully understood in its complexity and poses long-term challenges, particularly for outpatient care. Routine screening for psychosocial comorbidities can help to offer supportive measures to prevent chronification and/or somatization.
Estimating the Severity of Landscape Degradation in Future Management Scenarios based on Modeling the Dynamics of Hoor Al-Azim International Wetland in Iran-Iraq Border
Authors: Shooshtari Sharif Joorabian , Jahanishakib Fatemeh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Temporal and spatial changes in land cover in wetland ecosystems indicate the severity of degradation. Understanding such processes in the past, present, and future might be necessary for managing any type of development plan. Therefore, this research has monitored and analyzed the Hoor Al-Azim International Wetland, aiming to determine the orientation of its changes in different future scenarios. Wetland status modeling was done using developed hybrid approaches and cellular automata along with evaluating the accuracy of the modeled maps. The dynamics of the land were simulated using a higher accuracy approach in three scenarios -Water Conservation, Water Decreasing, and Business-as-Usual- to get the level of degradation of the wetland. The results showed that the amount of water in the wetland has decreased in all three periods, and the salt lands and vegetation have undergone drastic changes. However, according to the results, these developments are expressed better by the developed hybrid approach than the CA-MC approach and are more reliable for future simulation. The assessment of degradation in hexagonal units showed the least degradation in the water conservation scenario compared with the other two scenarios in 2030.
Longitudinal program evaluation of an inter-institutional mentorship network for pediatric rheumatology using a quality improvement framework
Authors: Hayward Kristen , Grom Alexi , Muscal Eyal , Nigrovic Peter A. , Rouster-Stevens Kelly A. , Ardalan Kaveh , Hiraki Linda , Moorthy L. Nandini 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: The American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Mentoring Interest Group (AMIGO) is an inter-institutional mentorship program launched to target mentorship gaps within pediatric rheumatology. Initial program evaluation indicated increased mentorship access. Given the small size of the pediatric rheumatology workforce, maintaining a consistent supply of mentors was a potential threat to the longevity of the network. Our aims were to: (i) describe the sustainability of AMIGO over the period 2011-2018, (ii) highlight ongoing benefits to participants, and (iii) describe challenges in the maintenance of a mentorship network.
Methods: A mixed-methods approach centered on a quality improvement framework was used to report on process and outcomes measures associated with AMIGO annual cycles.
Results: US and Canada Pediatric rheumatology workforce surveys identified 504 possible participants during the time period. As of fall 2018, 331 unique individuals had participated in AMIGO as a mentee, mentor or both for a program response rate of 66% (331/504). Survey of mentees indicated high satisfaction with impact on general career development, research/scholarship and work-life balance. Mentors indicated increased sense of connection to the community and satisfaction with helping mentees despite minimal perceived benefit to their academic portfolios. Based on AMIGO’s success, a counterpart program, Creating Adult Rheumatology Mentorship in Academia (CARMA), was launched in 2018.
Conclusions: Despite the challenges of a limited workforce, AMIGO continues to provide consistent access to mentorship opportunities for the pediatric rheumatology community. This experience can inform approaches to mentorship gaps in other academic subspecialties.
Experimental investigations into the effect of process parameters on the machining quality for ITO conductive glass using by micro grooves grinding
Authors: Liu Yin , Qiu Xiaolong , Sun Xingwei , Pan Fei , Zhang Weifeng , Mu Shibo , Zhao Hongxun , Gong Yadong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
To investigate the effect of micro-scale grinding on the quality of ITO conductive glass, this paper conducted micro-scale grinding experiments on ITO conductive glass. The influence of process parameters on machining quality was analyzed using micro-grinding force, surface roughness, and sheet resistance as indicators. Meanwhile, soda-lime glass was set as the control group to analyze the effect of ITO film. The results indicate that brittle fracture is the main removal method for ITO films, and the glass substrate exhibits two different removal methods, brittle and ductile, depending on the process parameters. The ITO thin film layer suppresses the sheet deformation of the glass substrate, increasing the grinding force and reducing the processing quality. Increasing the spindle speed, reducing the feed speed, and reducing the cutting depth can improve the machining quality. The spindle speed has a significant impact on surface roughness, while the cutting depth has a significant impact on the sheet resistance of the thin film. In addition, soda-lime glass chips mainly appear in powder and granular form, while ITO conductive glass also has flaky thin film chips generated by interlayer fracture.
Measurement of Cosmic Radiation Dose to Organs of An Anthropomorphous Phantom at Yangbajing International Cosmic Ray Observatory
Authors: Xie Wei-min , Chen Tian-lu , Gao Qi , Chen Bao-wei , Liu Mao-yuan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The distribution of cosmic ray dose in organs of an anthropomorphous phantom at the Yangbajing International Cosmic Ray Observatory was measured using thermoluminescent detectors. Then the measurements were compared with the calculations of the theoretical equation for the variation of cosmic ray dose rate with altitude and measurements of the active gamma-ray dose meter, which provided basic data for evaluating natural cosmic radiation dose in the Yangbajing area.
Photo-induced antileishmanial activity of indocyanine green: In vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Jalili Shirin , Sazgarnia Ameneh , Hoseini Mehdi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Indocyanine green is a promising dye for photodynamic and photothermal therapy. However, ICG tends to aggregate in aqueous media, which limits its use in light therapy. Loading ICG onto a biocompatible structure can improve its aqueous stability. The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect of PDT/PTT on leishmanial activity in the presence of micelles loaded with ICG.
Methods
After synthesizing micelles containing ICG, the dark toxicity of the pharmaceutical agents and in vitro phototoxicity by a cw 808 nm laser on promastigotes were determined via MTS assay. Finally, the efficacy of the treatments was assessed by measuring the diameter of the lesion every three days in a study conducted on 33 female BALB/c mice aged 4-6 weeks.
Results
At 808 nm, the absorbance of ICG inside the micelles was approximately2.5 times that of free ICG. The optimal concentration of ICG was determined to be 100 μM based on the toxicity of the medicinal agents topromastigotes. In the in vitro experiment, the groups containing ICG showed a significant decrease in survival compared to the control group with increasing light dose. In the animal model study, the simultaneous presence of medicinal agents and the application of a laser created a significant difference in the relative area of the lesion compared to the control group.
Conclusion
The findings of this study show that PTT/PDT mediated by ICG can be considered an inexpensive, safe, easy to administer and efficient treatment against Leishmania L. major both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, this treatment does not cause any adverse effects when compared to other treatments.
High-performance methylated DNA markers for the detection of cervical lesions at risk of malignant progression in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Fackler Mary Jo , Pleas Madison , Li Youran , Soni Anushri , Xing Deyin , Cope Leslie , Ali Syed , Le Quang Van , Nguyen Chu Van , Pham Han Thi , Duong Long Minh , Berg Eunice Van Den , Wadee Reubina , Michelow Pamela , Chen Wenlong Carl , Joffe Maureen , Fjeldbo Christina Santen , Lyng Hiedi , Sukumar Saraswati 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of death, particularly in developing countries. WHO screening guidelines recommend Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) detection as a means to identify women at risk of developing cervical cancer. While HPV testing identifies those at risk, it does not specifically recognize individuals with neoplasia. We investigated whether a molecular test that quantitatively measures methylated DNA markers could identify high-risk lesions in the cervix with accuracy.
Results
Marker discovery was performed in TCGA-CESC Infinium Methylation 450K Array database, and the selected 5-gene panel was verified in three other public datasets. The panel was technically validated using Quantitative Multiplex-Methylation Specific PCR (QM-MSP) in tissue sections (N = 293) and cervical smears (N = 244) from the U. S., S. Africa, and Vietnam. The gene panel consisted of FMN2, EDNRB, ZNF671, TBXT, and MOS. Cervical tissue samples from U.S., South Africa, and Vietnam showed highly significant differential methylation in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with 100% sensitivity, 91–93% specificity, and a Receiver Operating Characteristic Area under the curve (ROC AUC) = 1.000 [CI 1.000 to 1.000], and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 (CIN2/3) with 55–100% sensitivity, 91–96% specificity, and a ROC AUC ranging from 0.793 [CI 0.681 to 0.905] to 1.000 [CI 1.000 to 1.000] compared to normal. In cervical smears, the marker panel detected SCC at 87% sensitivity, 95% specificity, and ROC AUC = 0.925 [CI 0.878 to 0.974], and high-grade intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) at 74% sensitivity, 95% specificity, and a ROC AUC = 0.907 [CI 0.851 to 0.964] in an analysis of pooled data from the three countries. Similar to HPV-positive, HPV-negative cervical carcinomas were frequently hypermethylated for these markers.
Conclusions
This 5-marker panel detected SCC and CIN2/3 in cervical smears with a high level of sensitivity and specificity. Molecular tests with the ability to rapidly detect high-risk CIN3 + lesions will lead to timely treatment for those in need while preventing unnecessary procedures in women with low-risk lesions throughout the world. Validation of these markers in prospectively collected cervical smear cells followed by the development of a hypermethylated marker-based cervical cancer detection test is warranted.
Deterministic quasi-continuous tuning of phase-change material integrated on a high-volume 300-mm silicon photonics platform
Authors: Chen Rui , Tara Virat , Choi Minho , Duta Jayita , Sim Justin , Ye Julian , Fang Zhuoran , Zheng Jiajiu , Majumdar Arka 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) consisting of reconfigurable on-chip optical components have been creating new paradigms in various applications, such as integrated spectroscopy, multi-purpose microwave photonics, and optical information processing. Among many reconfiguration mechanisms, non-volatile chalcogenide phase-change materials (PCMs) exhibit a promising approach to the future very-large-scale programmable PICs, thanks to their zero static power and large optical index modulation, leading to extremely low energy consumption and ultra-compact footprints. However, the scalability of the current PCM-based programmable PICs is still limited since they are not directly off-the-shelf in current commercial photonic foundries. Here, we demonstrate a scalable platform harnessing the mature and reliable 300-mm silicon photonic fab, assisted by in-house wide-bandgap PCM (Sb2S3) integration process. We show various non-volatile programmable devices, including micro-ring resonators, Mach-Zehnder interferometers and asymmetric directional couplers, with low loss (~ 0.0044 dB/µm), large phase shift (~ 0.012π/µm) and high endurance (> 1,000 switching events). Moreover, we showcase this platform’s capability to handle relatively complex structures with multiple PIN diode heaters, each independently controlling an Sb2S3 segment. By reliably setting the Sb2S3 segments to fully amorphous or crystalline state, we achieved deterministic multilevel operation. An asymmetric directional coupler with two unequal-length Sb2S3 segments showed the capability of four-level switching, beyond cross and bar binary states. We further showed unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometers with equal-length and unequal-length Sb2S3 segments, exhibiting reversible switching and a maximum of 5 (\(N+1, N=4\)) and 8 (\({2}^{N}, N=3\)) equally spaced operation levels, respectively. This work lays the foundation for future programmable very-large-scale PICs with deterministic programmability.
Evaluation of Therapeutic Agents for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Based on Mendelian Analysis of Two Sample Sets: Potential Merits and Disadvantages of Utilization
Authors: Xu Zhilong , Zeng Ao , Yin Yanze , Chen Keyi , Wang Chao , Fang Xinyun , Abuduwayiti Abudumijiti , Wang Jiarui , Jiang Gening , Dai Jie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study addresses the urgent need for effective treatments for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), a disease characterized by chronic and irreversible lung fibrosis with high mortality. Current treatment options are limited, emphasizing the importance of exploring innovative approaches. Our research focuses on drug repositioning and utilizes Mendelian randomization, a novel method leveraging genetic variation, to assess the potential impact of various therapeutic drugs on IPF. The aim is to advance the understanding of drug effects, potentially paving the way for the development of new and impactful treatments to slow disease progression and improve the quality of life for IPF patients.
Anemia and iron metabolism disorders after single anastomosis sleeve ileal (SASI) bypass. Is it a real problem?
Authors: Parkitna Joanna , Binda Artur , Gonciarska Agnieszka , Jaworski Paweł , Kudlicka Emilia , Barski Krzysztof , Wawiernia Karolina , Jankowski Piotr , Wąsowski Michał , Kuryłowicz Alina , Tarnowski Wiesław 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
SASI (single anastomosis sleeve ileal) bypass can lead to nutritional deficiencies, including disorders of iron metabolism and anemia. This study aims to evaluate the effect of SASI bypass on weight loss, anemia, and iron deficiency in patients with obesity during the follow-up period.
Methods
This study is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from patients who underwent SASI bypass at our hospital between January 2020 and February 2022.
Results
The mean age of the patients was 42 years (range 22–58). The average duration of the follow-up period was 26 months. The mean percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) was 90.1%, and total weight loss (%TWL) was 30.5%. During the postoperative observation period, anemia was identified in ten patients (25%), comprising 70% with normocytic anemia, 10% with microcytic anemia, and two macrocytic anemia cases (20%). Iron deficiency was observed in two patients (5%).
Conclusion
SASI bypass is an effective bariatric procedure in weight loss outcomes. However, in our follow-up period, there may be an elevated risk of anemia and disruptions in iron metabolism associated with this procedure. This indicates the need to monitor iron homeostasis parameters periodically and consider permanent supplementation in patients after SASI bypass, especially at prolonged postoperative intervals.
IoT and Blockchain for Smart Water Quality Management in Future Cities: A Hyperledger Fabric Framework for Smart Water Quality Management and Distribution
Authors: Samanta Saikat , Sarkar Achyuth 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The delivery and management of clean water are crucial for the long-term growth of Smart Cities. However, controlling water quality and delivery in a smart city is a difficult and time-consuming process. In this work, we suggest a unique solution for smart water quality monitoring and distribution in Smart Cities that combines Internet of Things (IoT) with blockchain technology. We describe a system based on Hyperledger Fabric that provides safe and efficient data gathering, authentication, preservation, and smart contract execution. A continuous monitoring of water quality parameters, such as pH, temperature, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen, is achieved using the proposed IoT system. The collected data is stored on a secure blockchain ledger using Hyperledger Fabric, ensuring transparency, immutability, and security. Smart contracts are used to automate the water distribution process, enabling the system to efficiently allocate water resources based on demand and quality. Furthermore, the use of blockchain technology ensures that water quality data cannot be tampered with, providing a high degree of trust and accountability in the system. Overall, the proposed system represents a significant step towards a sustainable and secure future for water management in cities. This technology can revolutionize the way we manage and distribute water resources, ensuring safe and clean drinking water for future generations.
Glomerular crescents are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetic kidney disease progression: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Bae Sohyun , Yun Donghwan , Lee Sung Woo , Jhee Jong Hyun , Lee Jung Pyo , Chang Tae Ik , Oh Jieun , Kwon Young Joo , Kim Sung Gyun , Lee Hajeong , Kim Dong Ki , Joo Kwon Wook , Chin Ho Jun , Han Seung Seok 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) stands as the predominant cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease. Its diverse range of manifestations complicates the treatment approach for patients. Although kidney biopsy is considered the gold standard for diagnosis, it lacks precision in predicting the progression of kidney dysfunction. Herein, we addressed whether the presence of glomerular crescents is linked to the outcomes in patients with biopsy-confirmed type 2 DKD.
Methods
A comprehensive review was conducted, involving 327 patients diagnosed with biopsy-confirmed DKD in the context of type 2 diabetes, excluding cases with other glomerular diseases, from nine tertiary hospitals. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using a Cox regression model to assess the risk of kidney disease progression, defined as either ≥ 50% decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rates or the development of end-stage kidney disease, based on the presence of glomerular crescents.
Results
Out of ten patients (3.1%), glomerular crescents were observed in their biopsied tissues. Over the follow-up period (median of 19 months, with a maximum of 18 years), the crescent group exhibited a higher risk of kidney disease progression than the no crescent group, with an adjusted HR of 2.82 (1.32–6.06) (P = 0.008). The presence of heavy proteinuria was associated with an increased risk of developing glomerular crescents.
Conclusion
The presence of glomerular crescents is indeed linked to the progression of type 2 DKD. Therefore, it may be necessary to include histological monitoring of glomerular crescents in the management of patients to provide more intensive treatment.