bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Niobium‐Based Oxide for Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Sheng Yun , Wang Yishan , Yin Shujuan , Zhao Lianyu , Zhang Xueqian , Liu Dongdong , Wen Guangwu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecently, it has become imperative to develop high energy density as well as high safety lithium‐ion batteries (LIBS) to meet the growing energy demand. Among the anode materials used in LIBs, the currently used commercial graphite has low capacity and is a safety hazard due to the formation of lithium dendrites during the reaction. Among the transition metal oxide (TMO) anode materials, TMO based on the intercalation reaction mechanism has a more stable structure and is less prone to volume expansion than TMO based on the conversion reaction mechanism, especially the niobium‐based oxide in it has attracted much attention. Niobium‐based oxides have a high operating potential to inhibit the formation of lithium dendrites and lithium deposits to ensure safety, and have stable and fast lithium ion transport channels with excellent multiplicative performance. This review summarizes the recent developments of niobium‐based oxides as anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries, discusses the special structure and electrochemical reaction mechanism of the materials, the synthesis methods and morphology of nanostructures, deficiencies and improvement strategies, and looks into the future developments and challenges of niobium‐based oxide anode materials.
Palladium‐Catalyzed anti‐Markovnikov Halosulfonamidation of Unactivated Alkene†
Authors: Wang Bowen , Li Jianxiao , Wu Wanqing , Jiang Huanfeng 
Published: October 2023

Comprehensive SummaryPalladium‐catalyzed regioselective amination of unactivated alkene remains a challenge and is of great interest. Herein, a three‐component coupling of unactivated alkene, sulfonamide, and N‐halo compounds accessing vicinal haloamine has been conceived. This aminohalogenation represents a modular and regioselective strategy. The electrophilic halogenating agent enables regioselective anti‐Markovnikov aminopalladation and facilitates subsequent halogenation events. And this protocol is characterized by gram‐scale syntheses and late‐stage functionalizations. Of note, the recovered byproduct phthalimide allows for reusing by conversion to the starting material.
Structural Basis of Saccharin Derivative Inhibition of Carbonic Anhydrase IX
Authors: Leitans Janis , Kazaks Andris , Bogans Janis , Supuran Claudiu T. , Akopjana Inara , Ivanova Jekaterina , Zalubovskis Raivis , Tars Kaspars 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study explores the binding mechanisms of saccharin derivatives with human carbonic anhydrase IX (hCA IX), an antitumor drug target, with the aim of facilitating the design of potent and selective inhibitors. Through the use of crystallographic analysis, we investigate the structures of hCA IX‐saccharin derivative complexes, unveiling their unique binding modes that exhibit both similarities to sulfonamides and distinct orientations of the ligand tail. Our comprehensive structural insights provide information regarding the crucial interactions between the ligands and the protein, shedding light on interactions that dictate inhibitor binding and selectivity. Through a comparative analysis of the binding modes observed in hCA II and hCA IX, isoform‐specific interactions are identified, offering promising strategies for the development of isoform‐selective inhibitors that specifically target tumor‐associated hCA IX. The findings of this study significantly deepen our understanding of the binding mechanisms of hCA inhibitors, laying a solid foundation for the rational design of more effective inhibitors.
Comparative localization of colorectal sensory afferent central projections in the mouse spinal cord dorsal horn and caudal medulla dorsal vagal complex
Authors: Wang QingQing , Caraballo Sonia Garcia , Rychkov Grigori , McGovern Alice E. , Mazzone Stuart B. , Brierley Stuart M. , Harrington Andrea M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe distal colon and rectum (colorectum) are innervated by spinal and vagal afferent pathways. The central circuits into which vagal and spinal afferents relay colorectal nociceptive information remain to be comparatively assessed. To address this, regional colorectal retrograde tracing and colorectal distension (CRD)‐evoked neuronal activation were used to compare the circuits within the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) and dorsal horn (thoracolumbar [TL] and lumbosacral [LS] spinal levels) into which vagal and spinal colorectal afferents project. Vagal afferent projections were observed in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), area postrema (AP), and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV), labeled from the rostral colorectum. In the NTS, projections were opposed to catecholamine and pontine parabrachial nuclei (PbN)‐projecting neurons. Spinal afferent projections were labeled from rostral through to caudal aspects of the colorectum. In the dorsal horn, the number of neurons activated by CRD was linked to pressure intensity, unlike in the DVC. In the NTS, 13% ± 0.6% of CRD‐activated neurons projected to the PbN. In the dorsal horn, at the TL spinal level, afferent input was associated with PbN‐projecting neurons in lamina I (LI), with 63% ± 3.15% of CRD‐activated neurons in LI projecting to the PbN. On the other hand, at the LS spinal level, only 18% ± 0.6% of CRD‐activated neurons in LI projected to the PbN. The collective data identify differences in the central neuroanatomy that support the disparate roles of vagal and spinal afferent signaling in the facilitation and modulation of colorectal nociceptive responses.
Melatonin: A biomolecule for mitigating postharvest chilling injury in fruits and vegetables
Authors: Sati Hansika , Kataria Priyanka , Chinchkar Ajay V. , Pareek Sunil 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe best strategy to extend the shelf life of fresh horticultural produce is to keep it at a low temperature. However, storing fruits and vegetables at a temperature lower than their recommended storage temperature and above the freezing point for a prolonged time leads to the development of chilling injury (CI). Melatonin (MT) being a versatile biological signal has been reported to possess antioxidant properties that aid in mediating stress response and extending the postharvest storage life of horticultural crops. Among CI‐induced mechanisms, MT substantially reduces oxidative stress by elevating the reactive oxygen species scavenging and triggering the phenol accumulation in association with 2, 2‐diphenyl‐1 picryl hydrazyl scavenging activity. Besides, MT increases intracellular energy by maintaining a proper ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acid and improving cellular fluidity. Additionally, MT regulates arginine metabolism by maintaining the γ‐aminobutyric acid synthesis. Furthermore, MT encodes the mitogen‐activated protein kinases, and calcium‐dependent protein kinases cascade and acclimate to cold stress by activating C‐repeat binding factors and helps in maintaining postharvest quality. This review reports the recent progress of MT‐induced physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms for enhancing chilling tolerance, which can elevate the marketability and earnings from postharvest horticultural crops.
An empirical study on the cushioning effect of corporate social responsibility on the negative impact of COVID‐19 on firm performance
Authors: Buertey Samuel , Chu Tuan Thanh , Thompson Ephraim Kwashie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEmbedded in the legitimacy and stakeholder theories in the context of corporate social responsibility (CSR), this study investigates the impact of COVID‐19 on firm performance, and the cushioning effect of CSR on the relationship between COVID‐19 pandemic and firm performance. The sample covers non‐financial firms listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE), South Africa. Data covering the period 2018–2021 were analyzed using multivariate linear fixed‐effect regression techniques. COVID‐19 has had a negative impact on firm performance, proxied by Tobin's Q and Sales Turnover, while CSR has a positive impact on firm performance. We also found that the negative impact of COVID‐19 on firm performance differs between high and low CSR performing firms. Additionally, based on an industry‐level analysis, we provide insight into the most affected and most resilient sectors. The findings should motivate more firms to take CSR issues more seriously and adopt such practices as part of their long‐term strategic tools to gain competitive advantage and enhance profitability in the long run.
Effects of Fe3+ on Hydrothermal Humification of Agricultural Biomass
Authors: Peng Xiong‐Xin , Gai Shuang , Liu Zhuqing , Cheng Kui , Yang Fan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHydrothermal humification technology for the preparation of artificial humic matters provides a new strategy, greatly promoting the natural maturation process. Iron, as a common metal, is widely used in the conversion of waste biomass; however, the influence of Fe3+ on hydrothermal humification remains unknown. In this study, FeCl3 is used to catalyze the hydrothermal humification of corn straw, and the influence of Fe3+ on the hydrothermal humification is explored by a series of characterization techniques. Results show that Fe3+ as the catalyst can promote the decomposition of corn straw, shorten the reaction time from 24 h to 6 h, and increase the yield from 6.77 % to 14.08 %. However, artificial humic acid (A‐HA) obtained from Fe3+‐catalysis hydrothermal humification contains more unstable carbon and low amount of aromatics, resulting in a significantly decreased stability of the artificial humic acid. These results provide theoretical guidance for regulating the structure and properties of artificial humic acid to meet various maintenance needs.
Cut‐set matrix methods for frequency response analysis curves of lumped parameter equivalent circuit model of three‐winding power transformer
Authors: Wang Song , Wang Wei , Xie Fei , Qiu Shengxuan , Yang Fengye 
Published: October 2023

SummaryTo accurately and efficiently calculate the frequency response of the lumped parameter equivalent circuit model (LPECM) of a transformer winding is the basis for studying the simulation method of the frequency response analysis (FRA). In this paper, two different cut‐set matrix (CSM) methods, including fundamental cut‐set (FCS) and independent cut‐set (ICS) matrix methods, are proposed to calculate the FRA curves of the LPECM of a three‐winding power transformer. First, based on graph theory and electrical circuit laws, the basic CSM equation is deduced. Second, four different FCS matrix selection methods of the LPECM are introduced and the best FCS matrix is determined by deeply analyzing their characteristics. Then, an ICS matrix method is proposed to obtain the ICS of the LPECM. Furthermore, FCS and ICS are taken into the CSM equation to calculate the FRA results of the LPECM, respectively. Finally, the accuracy of the proposed methods is validated by Multisim software and the performance of these two methods is compared with node voltage matrix (NVM) method by analyzing the calculation time. The results show that FCS and ICS matrix methods both can be used to accurately obtain the FRA results of the LPECM of the three‐winding power transformer, but ICS is more simple than FCS matrix method due to avoiding the procedure for the selection of the tree. In addition, since ICS matrix method has the shortest running time among these methods, it can be used to improve the calculation efficiency of the FRA curves of the LPECM of a three‐winding power transformer.
Selection of power sharing factor for hybrid battery/ultracapacitor energy storage‐based EV through load emulation technique
Authors: Dhote V. P. , Lokhande M. M. , Balapanuru Obulapathi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe hybrid battery/ultracapacitor (UC) energy storage system for electric vehicles (EVs) proved more reliable and cost‐effective. Even with the best possible sizing of these energy storage devices, unforeseen EV loading cycles are causing a single‐source transition. Mainly, the UC exhaustion in acceleration or transient loading shifts the loading to the battery, causing overdischarge and reducing the life span. This paper presents a deterministic current control algorithm to restrict the maximum allowable battery discharge current. The current discharge control in the battery/UC is implemented using symmetrical carrier‐based digital average current mode (DACM). The proposed energy management algorithm (EMA) with variable battery current sharing factor
typically controls the current flow between the battery and the UC so that the battery current is always within safe limits. The DC‐DC converter with proposed novel EMA allows the system to regulate the voltage and current flow between the two power sources. By sharing the currents in this way and limiting the battery current to a safe value, the system helps to prolong the battery's life and ensures that the vehicle operates safely and reliably over the long term. The EV load profile emulator provides the current sharing under dynamic operating conditions. The hardware results are supported to validate the single‐source transition under hybrid energy sources.
Fine‐needle aspiration of a pancreas with squamoid cyst of pancreatic duct and pancreatic duct stones: A case report of a rare pancreatic lesion and an unusual concurrent finding of stone‐related crystals
Authors: Pang Yin Huei , Ooi Li Yin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSquamoid cyst of pancreatic duct is a rare benign pancreatic lesion that is rarely encountered in fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) and surgical resection specimens. Pancreatic stones can be seen in chronic pancreatitis, but stone‐related crystals have previously not been described in pancreatic cytology. Presented here is a case report of a squamoid cyst of pancreatic duct with concurrent pancreatic duct stones. We describe the cytomorphology of this benign cyst, as well as the remarkable finding of polymorphous crystals on cyst fluid aspirate. We also describe the histology of the surgically resected cystic lesion. With the increase in detection of incidental pancreatic cysts on imaging, this case highlights the importance of awareness and recognition of benign non‐neoplastic epithelial cysts on FNA sampling to avoid overtreatment. The presence of crystals on pancreatic FNA is an unusual finding, likely representing calcium carbonate crystals related to the formation of pancreatic duct stones.
Claudin‐4 immunocytochemistry is specific and sensitive for the diagnosis of malignant carcinomatous effusions: Results from a pilot study
Authors: Hruaii Vanlal , Thirunavukkarasu Balamurugan , Prabha Vindhya , Mathur Sandeep , Iyer Venkateswaran K. , Nambirajan Aruna , Jain Deepali 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundClaudin‐4, a tight junction associated protein expressed in epithelial cells, is purported as a highly specific and sensitive marker for epithelial malignancies. Our aim was to assess the sensitivity, specificity and real‐time utility of claudin‐4 immunocytochemistry (ICC) in the diagnostic work‐up of suspected malignant effusions.MethodsClaudin‐4 (3E2C1 clone) ICC was performed prospectively in effusion cell blocks where other ICC markers were being performed as part of reporting over 3 months. Based on claudin‐4 staining in unequivocal malignant and reactive effusions, the sensitivity and specificity was calculated. In cases signed out as inconclusive encompassing atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) and suspicious for malignancy (SFM) and negative for malignancy, change in diagnostic category based on addition of claudin‐4 ICC was assessed.ResultsStudy included 107 effusions. Claudin‐4 stained 100% of metastatic adenocarcinomas including those with primaries in lung, breast, ovary, female genital tract, gastrointestinal tract and pancreatic‐biliary tract, and was negative in all reactive mesothelial and mesothelioma effusions with sensitivity of 100% (48/48) and specificity of 95% (20/21) for adenocarcinoma. Claudin‐4 upgraded the diagnostic category to positive in 70% (16/23) of SFM, 20% (1/5) of AUS, and in 50% (5/10) of negative effusions. Among cases with confirmed serosal involvement status on follow‐up, claudin‐4 showed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive values of 85% (11/13), 100% (3/3), 100% (10/10) and 75% (3/4), respectively, for metastatic adenocarcinoma.ConclusionClaudin‐4 as a single marker is sensitive and specific for adenocarcinoma and is a valuable addition to the ICC armamentarium.
Identifying genetic variation associated with environmental gradients and drought‐tolerance phenotypes in ponderosa pine
Authors: Shu Mengjun , Moran Emily V. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs climate changes, understanding the genetic basis of local adaptation in plants becomes an ever more pressing issue. Combining genotype‐environment association (GEA) with genotype–phenotype association (GPA) analysis has an exciting potential to uncover the genetic basis of environmental responses. We use these approaches to identify genetic variants linked to local adaptation to drought inPinus ponderosa. Over 4 million Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified using 223 individuals from across the Sierra Nevada of California. 927,740 (22.3%) SNPs were retained after filtering for proximity to genes and used in our association analyses. We found 1374 associated with five major climate variables, with the largest number (1151) associated with April 1st snowpack. We also conducted a greenhouse study with various drought‐tolerance traits measured in first‐year seedlings of a subset of the genotyped trees grown in the greenhouse. 796 SNPs were associated with control‐condition trait values, while 1149 were associated with responsiveness of these traits to drought. While no individual SNPs were associated with both the environmental variables and the measured traits, several annotated genes were associated with both, particularly those involved in cell wall formation, biotic and abiotic stress responses, and ubiquitination. However, the functions of many of the associated genes have not yet been determined due to the lack of gene annotation information for conifers. Future studies are needed to assess the developmental roles and ecological significance of these unknown genes.
Let's stick together: Infection enhances preferences for social grouping in a songbird species
Authors: Langager Marissa M. , Adelman James S. , Hawley Dana M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAcute infections can alter foraging and movement behaviors relevant to sociality and pathogen spread. However, few studies have directly examined how acute infections caused by directly transmitted pathogens influence host social preferences. While infected hosts often express sickness behaviors (e.g., lethargy) that can reduce social associations with conspecifics, enhanced sociality during infection might be favored in some systems if social grouping improves host survival of infection. Directly assaying social preferences of infected hosts is needed to elucidate potential changes in social preferences that may act as a form of behavioral tolerance (defined as using behavior to minimize fitness costs of infection). We tested how infection alters sociality in juvenile house finches (Haemorhous mexicanus), which are both highly gregarious and particularly susceptible to infection by the bacterial pathogen Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG). We inoculated 33 wild‐caught but captive‐held juvenile house finches with MG or media (sham control). At peak infection, birds were given a choice assay to assess preference for associating near a flock versus an empty cage. We then repeated this assay after all birds had recovered from infection. Infected birds were significantly more likely than controls to spend time associating with, and specifically foraging near, the flock. However, after infected birds had recovered from MG infection, there were no significant differences in the amount of time birds in each treatment spent with the flock. These results indicate augmented social preferences during active infection, potentially as a form of behavioral tolerance. Notably, infected birds showed strong social preferences regardless of variation in disease severity or pathogen loads, with 14/19 harboring high loads (5–6 log10 copies of MG) at the time of the assay. Overall, our results show that infection with a directly transmitted pathogen can augment social preferences, with important implications for MG spread in natural populations.
Feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a cognitive‐behavioral, family‐centered partial hospitalization program for adolescents with anorexia nervosa and atypical anorexia nervosa at six‐ and twelve‐month follow‐up
Authors: Billman Miller Marley G. , Quaill Marlana , King Steven , Mausteller Kyle , Johnson Mariah , Forrest Lauren N. , Lane‐Loney Susan E. , Essayli Jamal H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study examined the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a cognitive‐behavioral, family‐centered partial hospitalization program (PHP) for adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) and atypical AN (AAN), and described the outpatient services received following discharge. Participants (N = 31) completed anthropometric and self‐report assessments at admission, discharge, and six and twelve months after discharge from the PHP. Descriptive statistics explored markers of feasibility. Paired samples t‐tests evaluated changes in weight and eating disorder (ED) symptomatology from admission to discharge, admission to six‐month follow‐up, and admission to twelve‐month follow‐up. Descriptive statistics and effect sizes compared symptoms at each timepoint between participants with AN and AAN. Results indicated that we were successful at recruiting greater than 50% of adolescents approached for this study. We collected follow‐up data from more than 70% of participants at discharge, but did not meet this retention benchmark at six‐month and twelve‐month follow‐ups. The entire sample demonstrated significant improvements in weight and ED symptomatology from admission to discharge, and generally maintained these improvements at six‐ and twelve‐month follow‐up. While descriptive statistics suggested that participants with AN and AAN received similar outpatient services following discharge from the PHP, those with AN experienced greater improvement in self‐reported ED symptomatology than those with AAN at six‐ and twelve‐month follow‐up. These findings provide preliminary support for the efficacy of PHPs in treating adolescents with AN and AAN. Further research with larger sample sizes should investigate whether adolescents with AAN experience poorer outcomes than those with AN following discharge from a PHP.