bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does size matter? Outcomes following revision total hip arthroplasty with long or primary stems: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sahemey Rajpreet , Ridha Ali , Stephens Alastair , Farhan-Alanie Muhamed M. , Kozdryk Jakub , Riemer Bryan , Foguet Pedro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Femoral reconstruction with long stems is widely accepted as the standard in revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA). However, long stems can be technically challenging to insert and can compromise bone stock for future revision. This study aimed to identify whether there was a difference in outcomes with using a long versus primary or short femoral stem in revision.

Methods
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of all articles comparing long and primary stem length in rTHA for Paprosky 1-3B femoral defects. The primary outcome measure was the reoperation rate after rTHA. Secondary outcomes included infection and dislocation rates, periprosthetic fracture, loosening, mortality, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Results
The results of 3,102 rTHAs performed in 2,982 patients were reported from 9 eligible studies in the systematic review, of which 6 were included in the meta-analysis. The mean patient age was 67.4 and the mean follow-up lasted 5 years (range, 1–15 years). There was no significant difference in the reoperation rate (odds ratio 0.78; 95% confidence interval, 0.28–2.17, P = 0.63). Similarly, there was no significant difference in dislocation or periprosthetic fracture risk. Harris Hip Score was better with primary stems by a mean difference of 14.4 points (P < 0.05). Pooled 5-year stem-related survival was 91.3% ± 3.5% (SD) for primary stems and 89.9% ± 6.7% (SD) for long stems.

Conclusions
A primary stem provided non-inferior outcomes compared with long stems in rTHA with Paprosky type 1-3B femoral defects. Primary stems may yield a more straightforward technique and preserve distal bone stock for future revision particularly in younger patients. In older patients with lower functional demands and who would benefit from a decreased risk of complications, a long cemented stem is recommended.
Physicochemical, in vitro starch digestibility and sensory characteristics of biofortified yellow maize-cowpea composite flours and biscuits
Authors: Irondi Emmanuel Anyachukwu , Olatoye Kazeem Koledoye , Abdulameed Hassan Taiye , Aliyu Olawale Mashood , Ajani Emmanuel Oladipo , Ogbebor Osayame Funmilayo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe consumption of whole grain cereals, pulses and their products, such as biscuits, is associated with protection against nutrition-related non-communicable diseases. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical qualities and in vitro starch digestibility of flours and biscuits formulated with biofortified yellow maize (M-f) and cowpea (C-f) composites, as well as the biscuits’ sensory attributes. Biscuits, coded M-b, MC-b1, MC-b2, MC-b3, and C-b, were baked from composite flours of M-f and C-f (M-f:C-f, w/w) at the proportions of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100, respectively. Refined wheat flour (W-f) and its biscuit (W-b) served as controls. Individually, the final viscosities of M-f (157.36 RVU) and W-f (159.12 RVU) were comparable (p > 0.05); but both were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of C-f (93.15 RVU). Among the composite flours, MC-f2 and MC-f3 had the highest final (175.43 RVU) and peak (65.52 RVU) viscosities, respectively. The total carbohydrate, crude fat, and energy value increased significantly (p < 0.05) with increasing proportion of M-f in the composite flours and biscuits, while the crude protein and ash contents increased with an increasing proportion of C-f. The ranges of total carbohydrate, crude fat, and food energy in the biscuits were 51.03 (C-b) - 68.27% (W-b), 12.15 (W-b) - 19.02% (M-b), and 414.33 (C-b) - 455.91 kCal/100 g (M-b), respectively. The concentrations of starch, amylose, amylose/amylopectin ratio, starch hydrolysis index (HI), as well as estimated glycaemic index (eGI) of the composite flours and biscuits decreased significantly with an increasing proportion of C-f. Thus, the ranges of starch and eGI in the biscuits were 41.02 (C-b) - 68.01% (W-b) and 34.99 (C-b) - 57.19% (W-b), respectively. Crude protein (r = − 0.715, − 0.696), starch (r = 0.966, 0.954), amylose (r = 0.947, 0.931), and amylopectin (r = − 0.947, − 0.931) significantly correlated with eGI and HI, respectively. The sensory acceptability of the composite biscuits improved as the proportion of C-f increased. Hence, it is concluded that increasing the level of cowpea in biofortified yellow maize-cowpea composite flours and biscuits enhanced their physicochemical and sensory attributes, and reduced their estimated GI.
Graphical Abstract
Implementing integrated hypertension and diabetes management using the World Health Organization’s HEARTS model: protocol for a pilot study in the Guatemalan national primary care system
Authors: Wellmann Irmgardt Alicia , Ayala Luis Fernando , Rodríguez José Javier , Guetterman Timothy C. , Irazola Vilma , Palacios Eduardo , Huffman Mark D. , Rohloff Peter , Heisler Michele , Ramírez-Zea Manuel , Flood David 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The HEARTS technical package was developed by the World Health Organization to address the implementation gap in cardiovascular disease prevention in low- and middle-income countries. Guatemala is a middle-income country that is currently implementing HEARTS. National authorities in Guatemala are interested in exploring how hypertension and diabetes management can be integrated in HEARTS implementation. The objective of this study is to conduct a feasibility and acceptability pilot trial of integrated hypertension and diabetes management based on HEARTS in the publicly funded primary care system in Guatemala.

Methods
A single-arm pilot trial for 6 months will be carried out in 11 Ministry of Health primary care facilities starting in September 2023. A planned sample of 100 adult patients diagnosed with diabetes (n = 45), hypertension (n = 45), or both (n = 10) will be enrolled. The intervention will consist of HEARTS-aligned components: Training health workers on healthy-lifestyle counseling and evidence-based treatment protocols, strengthening access to medications and diagnostics, training on risk-based cardiovascular disease management, team-based care and task sharing, and systems monitoring and feedback, including implementation of a facility-based electronic monitoring tool at the individual level. Co-primary outcomes of feasibility and acceptability will be assessed using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. Secondary outcomes include clinical effectiveness (treatment with medication, glycemic control, and blood pressure control), key implementation outcomes (adoption, fidelity, usability, and sustainability), and patient-reported outcome measures (diabetes distress, disability, and treatment burden). Using an implementation mapping approach, a Technical Advisory Committee will develop implementation strategies for subsequent scale-up planning.

Discussion
This trial will produce evidence on implementing HEARTS-aligned hypertension and diabetes care in the MOH primary care system in Guatemala. Results also will inform future HEARTS projects in Guatemala and other low- and middle-income countries.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT06080451. The trial was prospectively registered on October 12, 2023.
The impact of ambidexterity on robotic process automation implementation strategy in service enterprises
Authors: Sliż Piotr , Siciński Jędrzej , Jackowska Beata 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRobotic Process Automation (RPA) has gained increasing significance in recent years. RPA leverages software bots to automate repetitive business processes traditionally performed by humans, making it one of the easiest, least invasive, and fastest automation approaches. Publications on the topic are scarce, however, and concerns regarding job loss and employee acceptance of new operational processes and technologies remain significant challenges. The additional motivation behind this study is to address the lack of research on the implementation strategy of RPA in the context of ambidexterity, i.e., optimizing enterprise capability in balancing between exploration and exploitation. The paper adopts a managerial perspective and aims to identify the key factors supporting the implementation of RPA in the context of ambidexterity, using an empirical study of service companies as an example. The research methodology employed includes literature review, opinion surveys, and statistical analysis. The paper highlights the stimulating role of the ambidexterity concept in RPA implementation projects and strategies, with a hybrid approach to dynamic balancing of exploitation and exploration. The findings of this paper will be of use for researchers and practitioners in developing effective RPA implementation strategies that balance the needs for exploitation and exploration while factoring in the concerns raised by employees.
Long-Term Follow-Up of the RESORT Study (E4402): A Randomized Phase III Comparison of Two Different Rituximab Dosing Strategies for Low–Tumor Burden Follicular Lymphoma
Authors: Kahl Brad S. , Jegede Opeyemi A. , Peterson Christopher , Swinnen Lode J. , Habermann Thomas M. , Schuster Stephen J. , Weiss Matthias , Fishkin Paul A. , Fenske Timothy S. , Williams Michael E. 
Published: January 2024

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical trial updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported. In 2003, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group initiated a randomized phase III clinical trial (E4402) comparing two different rituximab dosing strategies for patients with previously untreated low–tumor burden follicular lymphoma. Rituximab-responsive patients (n = 299) were randomly assigned to either a retreatment rituximab (RR) strategy or a maintenance rituximab (MR) strategy. Each dosing strategy was continued until treatment failure. The primary end point of the study was time to treatment failure (TTF). In the original report, there was no difference in TTF between the two dosing strategies. Here, we report on the long-term outcomes for secondary end points of time to first cytotoxic therapy, duration of response, and overall survival (OS). At 7 years, 83% of MR patients had not required first chemotherapy compared with 63% of RR patients (hazard ratio, 2.37 [95% CI, 1.5 to 3.76]). At 7 years, 71% of MR remained in their first remission compared with 37% of RR patients. Despite the improved first remission length with MR, there was no difference in OS at 10 years (83% v 84%). With mature long-term data, we confirm that prolonged maintenance rituximab does not confer an OS advantage in low–tumor burden follicular lymphoma.
Brown Adipose Tissue Activation in Humans Increases Plasma Levels of Lipid Mediators
Authors: Walker Mary E , Kodani Sean D , Mena Hebe Agustina , Tseng Yu-Hua , Cypess Aaron M , Spite Matthew 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Context
Activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis improves insulin sensitivity and is beneficial in obesity. Emerging evidence indicates that BAT activation increases lipid mediators that play autocrine and endocrine roles to regulate metabolism and inflammation.

Objective
The goal of the study was to determine the relationship between 2 distinct approaches of BAT activation (cold exposure and mirabegron treatment) with lipid mediators in humans.

Methods
Healthy female subjects (n = 14) were treated with the β3-adrenergic receptor agonist mirabegron (100 mg) daily for 28 days. A subset of female subjects (n = 8) was additionally exposed to cold temperatures (14-16 °C) for 2 hours using a cooling vest prior to initiating mirabegron treatment. A panel of lipid mediators was assessed in plasma using targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and their relationship to anthropometric and metabolic parameters was determined.

Results
Activation of BAT with cold exposure acutely increased levels of lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase products, including 12-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid, 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE), 5-HETE, 14-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (HDHA), an isomer of maresin 2 (MaR2), 17-HDHA, protectin D1 (PD1), and prostaglandin E2. Mirabegron treatment similarly increased these products acutely, although levels of some mediators were blunted after chronic mirabegron treatment. Selected lipid mediators, including an MaR2 isomer, 17-HDHA, 5-HETE, and 15-HETE, positively correlated with nonesterified fatty acids and negatively correlated with the respiratory quotient, while PD1, 15-HETE, and 5-HETE positively correlated with adiponectin.

Conclusion
These results indicate that selected lipid mediators may serve as biomarkers of BAT activation.
Kierunki badań przemysłu w erze turbulencji społeczno-gospodarczych: perspektywa geograficzno-ekonomiczna
Authors: Czapliński Paweł , Rachwał Tomasz , Tobolska Anna 
Published: January 2024

Określanie kierunków badań nad przemianami przemysłu w kontekście poznawczym, zarówno w ujęciu dynamicznym, jak i w odniesieniu do relacji przestrzennych, a także ich powiązanie z konkretnymi obszarami wiedzy i praktyki staje się coraz trudniejsze. Wynika to nie tylko z braku jednoznaczności samego pojęcia przemysł i jego rozgraniczenia w stosunku do sektora usług, ale także z braku wyraźnych granic między poszczególnymi dyscyplinami naukowymi, zwłaszcza geografią społeczno-ekonomiczną i ekonomią. Szczególnie widoczne jest to w subdyscyplinach geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej, w których trudności w definiowaniu pojęcia przemysłu wpływają na problem uściślenia przedmiotu badań geografii przemysłu. W świetle tych przesłanek celem artykułu jest prezentacja wyników badań nad określeniem obszaru zainteresowania badaczy przemysłu, zwłaszcza w kontekście nowych nurtów badawczych związanych z obecnymi turbulencjami społeczno-gospodarczymi. Analiza publikacji naukowych dotyczących problematyki przemysłu od 2019 r. indeksowanych w bazach danych krajowych (BazEkon) i międzynarodowych (Scopus, Web of Science) pozwoliła na identyfikację tematów badawczych związanych z przemysłem. Autorzy skupili się także na wykorzystaniu narzędzi bazodanowych do analizy zbioru publikacji, słów kluczowych, tytułów i abstraktów związanych z szeroko rozumianym przemysłem. Wyniki analizy bibliograficznej wskazują na znaczne zróżnicowanie problematyki badawczej dominującej w trzech porównywanych bazach, przy wyraźnie widocznej małej reprezentacji ujęć geograficznych w stosunku do ekonomicznych, co można uznać za niszę dla prac dotyczących zagadnień przemysłowych w ujęciu przestrzennym. Częściowe wykorzystanie oprogramowania VOSviewer do analizy powiązań słów kluczowych potwierdziło jego użyteczność w identyfikacji głównych nurtów badań nad przemysłem.
Το θέατρο-ντοκουμέντο ως μέσο ευαισθητοποίησης των εκπαιδευτικών απέναντι σε ρατσιστικά φαινόμενα
Authors: Βασιλόπουλος Πάνος 
Published: January 2024

Το άρθρο αναφέρεται σε μελέτη περίπτωσης που σχετίζεται με την επίδραση του θεάτρου-ντοκουμέντο στις αντιλήψεις των εκπαιδευτικών και στις πιθανές επιρροές και αλλαγές στη συμπεριφορά τους, ως αποτέλεσμα της ευαισθητοποίησής τους απέναντι σε ζητήματα ρατσισμού. Στη μελέτη περιλαμβάνεται έρευνα-δράση που πραγματοποιήθηκε το διδακτικό έτος 2021-2022 σε μια σειρά βιωματικών εργαστηρίων, στα οποία περιλαμβάνονταν αντίστοιχα θεατροπαιδαγωγικά προγράμματα. Οι εκπαιδευτικοί που συμμετείχαν στην έρευνα υπηρετούσαν σε σχολεία της Α/θμιας και Β/θμιας Εκπαίδευσης του Δήμου Αιγιαλείας Αχαΐας. Τα μέλη της ομάδας, αξιοποίησαν αυθεντικές πηγές, πραγματικά γεγονότα και προσωπικές μαρτυρίες για την προσέγγιση διάφορων μορφών διακρίσεων και ρατσιστικών συμπεριφορών.
What Causes Delays in Admission to Rehabilitation Care? A Structural Estimation Approach
Authors: Dong Jing , Görgülü Berk , Sarhangian Vahid 
Published: January 2024

Problem definition: Delays in admission to rehabilitation care can adversely impact patient outcomes. In addition, delayed patients keep occupying their acute care beds, making them unavailable for incoming patients. Admission delays are mainly caused by a lack of rehabilitation bed capacity and the time required to plan for rehabilitation activities, which we refer to as processing times. Because of non-standard bed allocation decisions and data limitations in practice, quantifying the magnitude of the two sources of delays can be technically challenging yet critical to the design of evidence-based interventions to reduce delays. We propose an empirical approach to understanding the contributions of the two sources of delays when only a single (combined) measure of admission delay is available. Methodology/results: We propose a hidden Markov model (HMM) to estimate the unobserved processing times and the status-quo bed allocation policy. Our estimation results quantify the magnitude of processing times versus capacity-driven delays and provide insights into factors impacting the bed allocation decision. We validate our estimated policy using a queueing model of patient flow and find that ignoring processing times or using simple bed allocation policies can lead to highly inaccurate delay estimates. In contrast, our estimated policy allows for accurate evaluation of different operational interventions. We find that reducing processing times can be highly effective in reducing admission delays and bed-blocking costs. In addition, allowing early transfer—whereby patients can complete some of their processing requirements in the rehabilitation unit—can significantly reduce admission delays, with only a small increase in rehab LOS. Managerial implications: Our study demonstrates the importance of quantifying different sources of delays in the design of effective operational interventions for reducing delays in admission to rehabilitation care. The proposed estimation framework can be applied in other transition-of-care settings with personalized capacity allocation decisions and hidden processing delays. History: This paper was selected for Fast Track in the M&SOM journal from the 2022 MSOM Healthcare SIG Conference. Funding: J. Dong was supported in part by the National Science Foundation [Grant CMMI-1762544]. V. Sarhangian was supported in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [Grant RGPIN-2018-04518] and the Connaught Fund. Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0377 .
Application of GRIN-lens-based in-line digital holographic microscopy to automatic detection and localization of particles released from a MEMS device
Authors: Khorshad Ali Akbar , Devaney Nicholas , Houlihan Ruth 
Published: January 2024

Recently, we developed a compact and easy-to-implement in-line digital holographic microscope (DHM) using a GRIN rod lens, which provides better resolution (1.3 µm) compared with commonly used pinhole-based DHM setups. Here, we employ this microscope to acquire 3D holographically reconstructed images of silica microparticles, within the 10–300 µm size range, launched/released from a microelectro-mechanical systems (MEMS) device. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a MEMS device is implemented to store and launch microparticles. The custom-designed MEMS device consists of a 50 µm thick flat circular silicon ultrasonic membrane mounted on an off-the-shelf piezoelectric transducer. Moreover, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a new automatic hybrid detection and localization method for particle field holography that benefits from a combination of well-known minimum intensity and variance of gray level distribution focus metrics. This robust method is fast and provides precise depth/z position of particles. The proposed method is applied for particle testing of the MEMS device, reconstructing 3D visualization, and measuring the size and velocity of released particles. The obtained experimental results show that the velocity of released particles, previously dry-loaded onto the MEMS device, is of the order of a few tens of cm/s.
Multiline molecular tagging velocimetry of nitric oxide at 100  kHz using an injection-seeded burst-mode OPO
Authors: Rodrigues Neil S. , Jiang Naibo , Hsu Paul , Roy Sukesh , Danehy Paul M. 
Published: January 2024

An injection-seeded, burst-mode optical parametric oscillator (OPO) operating at a repetition rate of 100 kHz is used to demonstrate the multiline molecular tagging velocimetry of an underexpanded jet using nitric oxide fluorescence. The very narrow linewidth of the OPO system, along with the relatively high pulse energies of the burst-mode system, enables efficient single-photon excitation of nitric oxide along multiple laser beam lines at a high repetition rate. Simultaneous one-dimensional velocity profile measurements were obtained of an underexpanded jet system at six different locations using a reference initial image and single-shot delayed images. A methodology for calculating the uncertainty of single-shot velocity is also described. Mean and root-mean-square velocity profiles are obtained at multiple locations simultaneously over a sampling time of 1 ms. The high-repetition-rate velocity measurements also appear to capture the onset of velocity oscillations and has the potential to reveal velocity frequency content occurring in the tens of kHz. The demonstrated velocimetry technique could be paired with other emerging burst-mode laser capabilities for a quantitative multiparameter gas property or multicomponent gas velocity measurements for supersonic and hypersonic flows, especially within ground test facilities that are limited to very short run durations.
Phase-shifting determination and pattern recognition using a modified Sagnac interferometer with multiple reflections
Authors: Usman Abdullahi , Bhatranand Apichai , Jiraraksopakun Yuttapong , Sabo Muhammad Khalid , Buranasiri Prathan 
Published: January 2024

This work has implemented a diverse modification of the Sagnac interferometer to accommodate various measurement requirements, including phase shifting, pattern recognition, and a morphological analysis. These modifications were introduced to validate the adaptability and versatility of the system. To enable phase shifting using the multiple light reflection technique, a half-wave plate (HWP) was utilized with rotations at 0, π/8, π/4, and 3π/8 radians, generating four interference patterns. It is possible to observe a distinct circular fringe width as the polarized light experiences diffraction at the interferometer’s output as it travels through a circular aperture with various diameters ranging from 0.4 to 1 mm. Further modifications were made to the setup by inserting a pure glass and a fluoride-doped tin oxide (FTO) transparent substrate into the common path. This modification aimed to detect and analyze a horizontal fringe pattern. Subsequently, the FTO substrate was replaced with a bee leg to facilitate morphology recognition. A deep learning-based image processing technique was employed to analyze the bee leg morphology. The experimental results showed that the proposed scheme succeeded in achieving the phase shift, measuring hole diameters with errors smaller than 1.6%, separating distinct transparent crystals, and acquiring the morphological view of a bee’s leg. The method also has successfully achieved an accurate surface area and background segmentation with an accuracy over 87%. Overall, the outcomes demonstrated the potential of proposed interferometers for various applications, and the advantages of the optical sensors were highlighted, particularly in microscopic applications.