bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women with a Common Genetic Variant in ZnT2 (T288S) Have Altered Breast Milk Composition: Implications for Suboptimal Lactation
Authors: Lee Sooyeon , Dalrymple Charles , Kelleher Shannon L 
Published: November 2023

Few studies have explored the role of nutrigenomics in lactation biology. Recent studies from our lab found that non‐synonymous genetic variation in the zinc (Zn) transporter ZnT2 (SLC30A2) is common in women and is associated with both low and elevated milk Zn concentrations. Of those variants, a threonine to serine substitution at amino acid 288 (T288S) was detected in 12% of women and milk from these women had abnormally low milk Zn and significantly elevated milk sodium levels. Because elevated milk sodium has been associated with breast dysfunction, in this study, we characterized the functional consequence of expressing the T288S variant on breast milk composition in women and in mammary epithelial cells (MECs) ectopically expressing this variant in vitro. We hypothesized that mothers with T288S variant would express biological factors in milk that reflect suboptimal lactation performance. We found that protein, lactose and fat concentrations in milk from women with T288S were similar to women expressing wild‐type ZnT2. However, milk from women expressing T288S had significantly higher levels of citrate, lactoferrin, MMP‐2 activity, 4‐HNE, mucin‐4 and endoplasmin, all of which increase in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Consistent with the milk analyses, MECs transfected to express T288S in vitro had significantly greater ROS levels and expression of oxidative stress markers, mucin‐4 and endoplasmin, compared to MECs expressing wild‐type ZnT2. To determine if this increase in oxidative stress is associated with mammary gland involution, we measured p‐STAT3, a marker of involution and found that STAT3 activation was significantly increased in T288S‐expressing MECs compared to MECs expressing wild‐type ZnT2. Collectively, our data suggest that women expressing the T288S variant in ZnT2 may have enhanced oxidative stress in the breast that may lead to precocious involution and suboptimal lactation. Importantly, this study suggests that nutrigenomics may have important implications for breast function and implicates factors in breast milk as useful bioreporters of breast (dys)function and lactation performance.Support or Funding InformationIntramural funds to SLK
Policy Changes
Authors: Kattelmann Kendra , Chen Biyi , Daniels Ann Michelle , Zies Susan , Stefura Beth , Muturi Nancy , Li Yijing , Lindshield Erika , Kidd Tandalayo 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveObesity is a significant health concern in the United States. In 2012, more than one third of all U.S. children and adolescents were overweight or obese. Causes of obesity are complex and include behavioral, social, biological and environmental factors. Ignite is a five year, tri‐state (Ohio, South Dakota and Kansas), and quasi‐experimental project, including one control and one intervention community from each state. Using the community‐based participatory research (CBPR) process each intervention community will create and implement nutrition and physical activity programs addressing overweight and obesity among 6–8th grade youth. The objective of this paper is to report the policy changes supporting healthful behaviors that have been implemented due to Ignite.Study Design, Setting, and ParticipantsAt the end of year three of programming, a virtual focus group of school administrators (n=3), community leaders (n=4), and youth (n=4) from the steering committees from each of the three intervention communities was conducted. Focus group participants were queried for priority issues and program implementation associated with Ignite.Outcome, Measures and AnalysisFocus group dialogue was recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using Nvivo software for open coding to identify and categorize emerging themes.ResultsThe major themes identified were policy changes that 1) support healthful meal behaviors and foods and 2) physical activity. The school food and nutrition and policy changes included extension of mealtime and enhanced availability of healthful snacks during the school day. The physical activity policy changes included enhancing availability and safety of school track for the community and increase in number of programs supporting walking.Conclusions and ImplicationsCBPR process guided by Cooperative Extension personnel engaged communities in identifying and implementing policies that promote healthier dietary and physical activity behavior in youth in the intervention communities.Support or Funding InformationThis material is based upon work that is supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under award number 2012‐68001‐19619
Changes in Intake of CVD‐Related Food Components Associated with an Intervention to Reduce Sedentary Time
Authors: Casey Kelsey , Rosenkranz Sara , Mailey Emily , Garcia Alyssa Baquero , Swank Aaron , Rosenkranz Richard 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundPrevious research suggests that individuals who are insufficiently active have a higher intake of food components thought to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (sodium, solid fats, and added sugars), as compared to their more active counterparts. Lifestyle changes related to physical activity have been shown to occur alongside changes in diet, but it is unknown whether participating in an intervention intended to reduce sedentary behavior would be accompanied by changes in CVD‐related food intake, and subsequent changes in CVD risk factors.MethodsInsufficiently active women (N=49) working full‐time sedentary jobs were randomized into one of two 8‐week interventions which advised decreasing sedentary time during the work week. Dietary information was collected through 3‐day food records (2 weekdays, 1 weekend day) at baseline and week 8. At baseline and week 8, fasting blood lipids and glucose were assessed via fingerstick. Blood pressure and waist circumference were determined at baseline and week 8. Dietary intake was evaluated using Nutritionist Pro software.ResultsThere were no changes in average intake for saturated fat (baseline: 24.6 ± 10.0g, 11.9 ± 3.0% total kcals, week 8: 22.8 ± 7.6g, 12.6 ± 2.7% total kcals) or cholesterol (baseline: 269.8 ± 149.5mg, week 8: 226.7 ± 123.7mg) from baseline to week 8. There were no associations between food components and CVD risk factors at baseline (p>0.05). At week 8, saturated fat intake was significantly associated with LDL (r=0.49, p<0.01) and total cholesterol (r=0.34, p<0.05). Changes in saturated fat consumption from baseline to week 8 were associated with changes in LDL (r=0.77, p<0.01) and total cholesterol (r=0.36, p<0.05). Consumption of added sugar (baseline: 77.8 ± 37.9g, week 8: 68.7 ± 35.7g, p<0.01) and sodium (baseline: 3104.0 ± 1051.3mg, week 8: 2896.5 ± 1245.5mg, p=0.05) decreased from baseline to week 8, and changes in sodium consumption from baseline to week 8 were correlated with changes in LDL (r=0.36, p<0.05).DiscussionFollowing an 8‐week intervention to reduce sedentary time among insufficiently active women, there were significant decreases in added sugar and sodium intake, indicating changes in CVD‐related food intake, despite the lack of a dietary intervention. There were no changes in saturated fat or cholesterol, but there were associations between changes in saturated fat consumption and blood lipids (total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol), as well as sodium consumption and LDL cholesterol. Future research should determine how combining dietary and sedentary behavior interventions would impact health outcomes.
Follow of children and youth people with type 1 diabetes after five years of participation in a self‐care program in Hermosillo, Mexico
Authors: Flores Perla Esmeralda Landeros , Gloria Elena Portillo A. , Alma Delia Contreras P. , Elizabeth Esmeralda Artalejo O. , Martha Nydia Ballesteros V. , Josefina Krimpe R. , María Isabel Ortega V. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionOne of the main challenges of educational programs aimed to improve diabetes care is program impact in the long term. In northern México, two diabetes care programs based on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), showed an improvement in metabolic control (HbA1c values according to recommendations of ADA by age group1), quality of life, and physical activity of children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes, nine months after the intervention2.ObjectiveTo evaluate long term evolution of diabetes care among children and youth after 5 years of an educational program based on SCT.MethodsForty two children and youth people that participated in our previous diabetes care program were invited to a follow up study. We measured participants’ glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as the main indicator of diabetes metabolic control. We conducted a structured interviewed to evaluate quality of life, physical activity, and nutritional status of participants, as well as barriers and facilitators of diabetes care using qualitative inquiry.ResultsNineteen children and youth completed the study; Mean age of participants was 17.5 ± 4.0 years. Eighty percent of them belonged to families with median socioeconomic level (SL) and 11% to a high SL. Mean HBA1c was 10.2±2.2, higher than that reported in baseline studies. Younger participants (less than 13 years of age) had better metabolic control (mean HBA1c of 6.05 ± 0.63). Qualitative analysis showed that community and family food environments, the type of medical care, and economic limitations, were the main barriers to an adequate metabolic control of diabetes.ConclusionAdequate diabetes care remains a challenge among Mexican children and youth, and it is related to economic and social cost of disease, as well as a non‐integral medical careSupport or Funding Information
Evaluation of a Multi‐component Farm‐to‐Preschool Program on Access to and Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables among Preschool‐aged Children
Authors: Parry Jade , Spence Marsha , Aaron Kindall , Colby Sarah , Kavanagh Katie 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionMost preschool‐aged children (3–5 years old) do not consume an adequate amount of fruits and vegetables. Accessibility and parent involvement are important factors in determining fruit and vegetable consumption in preschool‐aged children.ObjectiveIncrease access to and consumption of fruits and vegetables among preschool‐aged children enrolled in the Health Happens! Preschool Program.MethodsQuasi‐experimental design with an intervention and control group. Children participated in a 12‐week physical activity and nutrition program at both the intervention and control childcare centers. Parents had access to four online‐learning modules about nutrition and physical activity. Additional farm‐to‐preschool activities were provided at the intervention site including: a small‐scale farmer's market for parents to purchase local fruits and vegetables at the preschool center once a week for eight weeks and biweekly hands‐on gardening education for children. Parents at the preschool centers were asked to complete a home food inventory (HFI) to assess fruit and vegetable availability at home and a food frequency questionnaire to evaluate their preschoolers’ usual consumption of fruits and vegetables. IBM SPSS Statistics 22 was used to analyze data. Participants’ purchases from the small‐scale farmer's market were recorded and the average amount spent per week was calculated.ResultsEighteen parents participated in the program at the intervention site and 19 at the control site. Baseline results indicated that the majority of fruits and vegetables available at home were potatoes (100%), corn (93%), carrots (93%), apples (86%), bananas (86%), and grapes (86%). The majority of fruits and vegetables parents reported preschoolers consumed included: apples (88%), potatoes (82%), bananas (82%), corn (77%), green beans (71%), and grapes (71%). During the farm‐to‐preschool program, households spent an average of $6.06 per week on local okra, spaghetti squash, sweet potatoes, kale, eggplant, peppers, acorn squash, butternut squash, and apples. Final outcome data will test pre‐ to post‐ differences in home food availability and consumption of fruits and vegetables among preschool children between the intervention and control sites.ConclusionProviding local, fresh produce for parents to purchase at their child's preschool may be a viable way to increase consumption and availability of fruits and vegetables in early childhood.Support or Funding InformationUniversity of Tennessee and East Tennessee Children's Hospital
Does Installing “Healthy Eating Information” in a University Dining Hall Change Students’ Food and Beverage Choices?
Authors: Scourboutakos Mary J. , Mah Catherine L. , Murphy Sarah , Mazza Frank , L'Abbe Mary R. 
Published: November 2023

The objective was to determine if the installation of “healthy eating information” in a University dining hall would influence students’ food and beverage choices. This was a pre‐post, population nutrition intervention conducted in a buffet‐style cafeteria between September 2014 and April 2015. The intervention encouraged students to “fill half their plate with fruits and vegetables” and illustrated the number of minutes of jogging it takes to burn the calories in each beverage option. The beverage choices, as well as visits to the vegetable and fruit bar, were recorded on twelve menu‐matched occasions before and after the intervention. Inventory data was collected to determine the total liters of each beverage taken and the number of fruit cases ordered. There was a significant decrease in the proportion of students selecting a sugar‐sweetened beverage before (49% of the population) versus after (41%) the intervention (p=0.004). There was also a significant increase in the proportion of students drinking water before (43%) versus after (54%) the intervention (p<0.001). There were no significant changes in the proportion of students selecting each individual type of beverage and there was no change in the volume (ml) of each beverage taken. There was a significant increase in the number of students taking fruit before (30% of the population) versus after (36%) the intervention (p<0.001). And the number of students visiting the vegetable bar significantly increased from 60% to 72% (p<0.001). Similar trends were seen in the inventory data. These results illustrate that providing healthy eating information in settings where food choices are made, such as cafeterias, could encourage healthier choices.Support or Funding InformationVanier Canada Graduate Scholarship (MS), McHenry Unrestricted Research Grant (ML)
Healthy Store Programs and WIC, but not SNAP, are Associated with Corner Store Healthfulness
Authors: DeWeese Robin , Todd Michael , Karpyn Allison , Yedidia Michael , Kennedy Michelle , Bruening Meg , Wharton Christopher , Ohri‐Vachaspati Punam 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionIn response to residents’ lack of access to healthy foods, many low‐income communities are instituting local healthy corner store programs. Some stores also participate in the United States Department of Agriculture's Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). This study compared the healthfulness of offerings at stores participating in a local healthy store program, WIC, and/or SNAP to those of similar non‐participating stores, using two different assessment tools.MethodsBased on store audits conducted in 315 New Jersey corner stores, healthy food availability scores were calculated using an adapted version of the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey for Corner Stores (NEMS‐CS) and a short‐form corner store audit tool (SCAT). Multivariate linear regression was used to examine associations between program participation and scores on both instruments.ResultsAdjusting for store and block group characteristics, stores participating in the local healthy store program had significantly higher SCAT scores than did non‐participating stores (upgraded: M = 3.18, 95% CI 2.65–3.71; non‐upgraded: M = 2.52, 95% CI 2.32–2.73); scores on the adapted NEMS‐CS did not differ (upgraded: M = 12.8, 95% CI 11.6–14.1; non‐upgraded: M = 12.5, 95% CI 12.0–13.0). WIC‐participating stores had significantly higher scores compared to non‐participating stores on both tools. Stores participating in SNAP only (and not in WIC) scored significantly lower on both instruments compared to non‐SNAP stores.ConclusionsWIC‐participating and non‐SNAP corner stores had higher healthfulness scores on both assessment tools. Only the SCAT was useful in discriminating between upgraded and non‐upgraded stores.Support or Funding InformationThis research was funded by a National Institute of Food and Agriculture predoctoral dissertation fellowship (20146701122279) and by a grant from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (1R01HD071583‐01A1).
Multi‐micronutrient Fortified Juice Drink Improved Iron and other Biomarkers of Schoolchildren: An Intervention Study
Authors: Angeles‐Agdeppa Imelda , Rosarda Mark Ariel A. , Magsadia Clarita R , Lloyd Beate B 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundMicronutrient deficiencies occur due to limited access to micronutrient‐rich foods, inadequate food quantity and quality, poor bioavailability and presence of infections. This study evaluated the dose‐response of a multi‐micronutrients fortified juice drink on anemia, and status of iron, vitamin A, C, D, zinc of schoolchildren.MethodsParental consent was sought prior to the study. Haemoglobin (Hb) among 2,423 children aged 6 to 9 years old in six public schools were collected. The anemia rate was 10% (246) with mean Hb of 11.0 g/dl. All anemic children were randomly allocated into 4 groups to receive different doses of fortified juice drink under supervised regimen for 120 days, Group 1: daily dose (HD), Group 2: 5X/week (MD), Group 3: 3X/week (LD) and Group 4: unfortified (Control). Pre‐post measurements were collected: serum ferritin (SF), transferrin receptors (TfR), C‐reactive protein (CRP), α1—acid glycoprotein (AGP), retinol binding proteins (RBP), zinc, vitamins C and D using standard methods. The indicator of infection was CRP (>12mg/L) and AGP (>1g/L). Food intake was collected using 24h recall.ResultsA complete data set was from 228 children. The mean monthly income in all groups is below the poverty threshold. Infection rate at base and end of study was slightly high. All children received deworming medicine prior to study start. There was a significant reduction in anemia and iron deficiency prevalence in all groups from 100% at baseline to 23–36% at endline. The mean nutrient intake declined in almost all nutrients at endline in the intervention groups, not in the control group. The percent of children meeting the estimated adequate requirements for iron was 29% for control, 62% for LD, 80% for MD and 97% for HD at endline. The HD group at endline had significant increases in energy, carbohydrates, calcium, iron, vitamin C, thiamin, riboflavin, and niacin. Vitamin D and zinc, not present in the food composition tables, were consumed at 31, 52 and 73% of DRI and 47, 78 and 100%, respectively in LD, MD, HD. Between time periods, significant increases RBP were observed in all groups; while significant increases were notable in the plasma zinc in MD; and increases in plasma vitamin D and C for both MD and HD.ConclusionDespite lowered nutrient intakes at endline in the intervention groups, the fortified drink had contributed significantly in increasing the nutrient intakes likely contributing to the increases in the different biomarkers. The minimal increase in Hb even in the intervention groups implies that anemia should be addressed in a holistic approach encompassing intervention strategies on environment, sanitation, education, poverty alleviation and food security.
The Formulation of a Patient‐Centered Quality Care Improvement Tool for Nursing Home Patients
Authors: Henry‐Newton Suzette G , Einstein George P , Tulp Orien L 
Published: November 2023

It is estimated that 1.3 million elderly Americans live in nursing homes today, and it is projected that this number will increase as the baby boomers become older. Health care administrators will have to frequently adjust services provided within their facility to satisfy this rising aging population. The need to balance quality and quantity healthcare services with the ever shrinking Medicare/Medicaid dollars, while maintaining profitable results is a priority of market leaders. The purpose of this study is to develop a tool that can be used at anytime by a nursing home to get feedback from patients about the level of satisfaction for services received. Literature will integrate quality care definitions with high technologies in data collection such as technology from web‐base questionnaires to telephonic advances. It will also explore the ethical impact of data collection methods on tool development. This research will adopt a qualitative case study approach so that patients and their families could give input before the survey tool is developed in a pre‐ survey phrase. Data will be analyzed from 15 nursing home patients with B I M score greater then 7, alert and oriented × 3 with no upper extremities malfunction, and may or may not have verbalized a grievance related to the quality of care in the facility within the last 2 years. Findings on the theoretical level may reveal that when patient/family have early input in the data collection process their input can increase institutional survey effectiveness and provide better indicators for health administrators to implement more relevant and sustainable satisfaction improvement programs. On the practical level, the tool is likely to reveal what processes /services are working well, and where there might be need to give more resources for improved care and satisfaction.Support or Funding InformationSupported by Institutional Resources of USAT and the Einstein Institute