bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of brightness optimizer for CRT color monitors
Authors: Hong‐suk Kim , Seung‐ok Park , Sung‐hyun Kim 
Published: October 2003

AbstractIn CRT monitor characterization accuracy is largely affected by the brightness setting on the monitor. At the optimum brightness level, which adjusts the offsets of RGB channels to nearly zero, CRT monitors have a simple relationship between DAC count and luminance so characterization can be achieved accurately. However, since the optimum brightness levels of CRT monitors are different from one another monitor users, have to make adjustments to the monitor themselves. In this study, a simple device named, brightness optimizer, is fabricated to determine the optimum brightness level objectively. This method uses change of curvature in tone reproduction curves plotted in log‐log scale, according to the changes of brightness level. In this article, the configuration of the brightness optimizer and the measurement processes are described. The repeatability and the accuracy in the measurement of the optimum brightness level for three different CRT monitors are also evaluated. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 28, 468–472, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.10199
Sustainable operations through EMS and teamwork: DOD operations and Textron Systems Corporation
Authors: Tingle Joanne , Heislein David 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe Department of Defense (DOD) is facing the challenge of maintaining troop readiness and sustainable operations while reducing potential
environmental impacts and operational costs. This is occurring while public encroachment around the installations and regulatory restrictions grows,
further restricting DOD's ability to operate and train. DOD is looking to incorporate environmental accountability into day‐to‐day
and future activities at their installations while maintaining a focus on the installations' core missions.The President issued Executive Order (EO) 13148 in April 2000 to address these challenges through the development and implementation of
Environmental Management Systems (EMSs). The partnering of base personnel, suppliers, and test/training personnel to develop and grow an
EMS can overcome these challenges while maintaining a focus on the overall mission of the military and the development of new munitions. This paper
focuses on the support role of Textron Systems Corporation (TSC), a munitions supplier to DOD, and lessons learned from the application of
EMS at our plants and DOD test ranges. This paper also explores common challenges among TSC and DOD, and our effective solutions to the challenges.
© 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plan regulations
Authors: Rasmussen Stanley L. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) program regulates oil storage vessels at federal and industrial installations
throughout the United States. After proposing revisions in 1991, 1993, and 1997, the EPA finally promulgated, on July 17, 2002, new regulations for the
SPCC program. As written, the new regulations may impose substantial new expense and implementation requirements upon installations. This article
provides a detailed review of the primary requirements of the SPCC program and identifies which issues federal installations may need to address as they
work to meet the August 17, 2004, deadline to review their plan and complete necessary amendments, and the February 18, 2005, deadline to implement those
amendments. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cost‐effective strategy for installation and operation of a bioventing system to remediate jet fuel contamination beneath the former refueling apron at Griffiss Air Force Base, New York
Authors: Broschart Michael B. , Lanier John H. , Petkovsek Richard 
Published: October 2003

AbstractA bioventing system was designed and installed beneath the former refueling apron, Apron 1, to enhance biodegradation of residual jet
fuel‐contaminated soils at the former Griffiss Air Force Base (GAFB) located in Rome, New York. The innovative reuse of existing fuel
supply lines for air injection has allowed for the continued use of the 29‐acre apron surface, while at the same time providing for aeration and
remediation of approximately 60,000 cubic yards of petroleum‐contaminated soil beneath the apron. Additionally, use of the fuel supply lines
eliminated the need for costly saw cutting and excavation of the 18‐inch concrete apron surface, or use of horizontal drilling techniques for
installation of piping to the air injection wells, and resulted in a savings of approximately $150,000. Installation costs were further reduced by
installing aboveground piping to air injection wells located at the former lateral control points in areas isolated from the biopile operations and
maintenance activities. Total remediation costs for contaminated soil beneath the apron are approximately $10 per cubic yard of treated soil.The former refueling apron is currently used for the ex situ biopile treatment of contaminated soils collected from throughout the
base. The arrangement of the existing biopiles, and the need for additional biopiles on the apron in the future, necessitated the use of underground
piping to supply air to injection wells located at former refueling hydrants. In order to facilitate uninterrupted remediation of the biopiles, existing
underground fuel supply pipelines that were cleaned and closed in place during the deactivation of the refueling apron in 1996 were utilized to supply
air from the edge of the refueling apron to the air injection wells.This remediation strategy, which maximizes the use of available space by utilizing both in situ and ex situ
treatment technologies, will significantly reduce the period of time required for remediation of contaminated soil at the former GAFB and provides a
cost‐effective approach to attaining beneficial reuse of the site. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Removal of oils and organic compounds from water and air with MYCELX HRM (Hydrocarbon Removal Matrix) technology
Authors: Alper Hal 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThis article describes the properties and uses of MYCELX HRM (Hydrocarbon Removal Matrix) filters in primary, secondary, and final
treatment of oils and other organic pollutants. MYCELX HRM filters physiochemically capture and immobilize oils and organic compounds rapidly with
negligible delta P and minimal contact time (typically less than one second). Case studies are reviewed in applications including: marine
oily wastewater, PCB remediation, protection of downstream membrane filtration devices, stormwater, boiler condensate, compressor condensate,
removal of oily mists from air, and regeneration of coolant/lubricant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Establishing a pragmatic framework for sustainability through pollution prevention
Authors: Ford Jerad A. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractIn the years leading up to the twenty‐first century, we, as a civilization, have made tremendous technological advances and entered the
globalization era. Globalization has brought us to unforeseen levels of productivity, with the United States achieving superpower status. At the same
time, we have witnessed environmental consequences such as global warming, Superfund cleanups, and an increased environmental burden on our air,
water, and land resources. In response, the United States has been regulating environmental activities for approximately three decades with a focus on
creating methods to remediate and restore environmental conditions and preventing current and future environmental degradation. These methods have
been a combination of enforcement through compliance and pollution prevention (P2) through incentives. Scientists and policymakers continue
to struggle with how best to protect the environment while encouraging economic growth.On our trek to reduce our environmental footprint we have passed through several phases (e.g., enforcement, best available technology)
and, as a nation, seem to be leaning toward sustainability. Sustainability is one of those concepts that is difficult to define because it is based on
global outcomes and values. As a result, sustainability practitioners have been trying to further define sustainability and develop tools for
practicing sustainability. There has been a plethora of confusing terms (sometimes referred to as “eco‐babble”) as
various companies and government agencies tackle the challenge of defining and implementing sustainability. Many definitions are built on the
principles of sustainability, which are often seen as idealistic and impractical. I believe a pragmatic approach to implementing technological
solutions that includes P2 must be used to achieve any level of sustainability, and must be placed in the context of current political and economic
conditions. The P2 approach will enable us to eliminate the dangerous chemicals and processes that comprise our environmental burden, and launch us on
the pathway to reducing, and hopefully eliminating, our environmental footprint. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Das ganze Ausmaß der Antarktis
Authors: Borch René , Mayer Michael , Lindner Klaus , Depenthal Claudia , Heck Bernhard 
Published: October 2003

AbstractEin satellitengestütztes Navigationssystem gibt Geowissenschaftlern millimetergenau Auskunft über Hebungs‐ und Senkungsbewegungen der Antarktis
End‐user access to multiple sources: incorporating knowledge discovery into knowledge management
Authors: Morik Katharina , Hüppe Christian , Unterstein Klaus 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe End‐User Access to Multiple Sources—Eams system—integrates given information sources into a knowledge management system. It relates the world of documents with the database world using an ontology. The focus of developing the Eams system is on the acquisition and maintenance of knowledge. Hence, in both worlds, machine learning is applied. In the document world, a learning search engine adapts to user behaviour by analysing the click‐through‐data. This eases the personalization of selecting appropriate documents for users and does not require further maintenance. In the database world, knowledge discovery in databases (KDD) bridges the gap between the ﬁne granularity of relational databases and the actual information needs of users. KDD extracts knowledge from data and, therefore, allows the knowledge management system to make good use of already existing company data—without further acquisition or maintenance. A graphical user interface provides users with a uniform access to document collections on the Internet (Intranet) as well as to relational databases. Since the ontology generates the items in the user interface, a change in the ontology automatically changes the user interface without further efforts.The Eams system has been applied to customer relationship management in the insurance domain. Questions to be answered by the system concern customer acquisition (e.g. direct marketing), customer up‐ and cross‐selling (e.g. which products sell well together), and customer retention (here, which customers are likely to leave the insurance company or ask for a return of a capital life insurance). Documents about other insurance companies and demographic data published on the Internet contribute to the answers, as do the results of data analysis of the company's contracts. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collection of peripheral progenitor cells in paediatric patients with a new programme for the collection of mononuclear cells
Authors: Moog R. , Basu O. , Kremens B. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractWhen harvesting peripheral progenitor cells (PPC) in children, the special situation of their circulatory system has to be taken into account. Therefore, extracorporeal blood volume and product volume should be small to avoid side effects. Nine children (age 2–14 years, weight 12.8–58.5 kg) with malignancies underwent 10 PPC collections with the MNC programme of the Amicus blood cell separator. The disposable kit was primed with red blood cells (RBCs) or human albumin to avoid circulatory side effects. The children were monitored for blood pressure and heart rate during the whole apheresis procedure. A median blood volume of 4,577 ml (range 3,536–8,596 ml) was processed in a separation time of 270 min (range 176–331 min). The median product weight was 81 g (range 53–107 g) and the yield of CD 34 antigen expressing cells was 12.5 × 106/kg body weight (range 1.8–26 × 106/kg body weight). Only one child had to undergo a second apheresis to collect the desired transplantation dose. The median platelet contamination of the product was 0.32 × 1011 (0.13–0.85 × 1011). No circulatory side effects were observed. Blood flow alarms occurred in seven of ten aphereses and one collection had to be terminated due to insufficient flow. PPC can be efficiently collected in children with the MNC programme without circulatory side effects. The platelet contamination of the product was low due to the elutriation principle of the collection process, thereby avoiding thrombocytopenic bleeding episodes in the patients. J. Clin. Apheresis, 18:111–114, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
LDL‐apheresis up‐regulates VEGF and IGF‐I in patients with ischemic limb
Authors: Kobayashi Shuzo , Moriya Hidekazu , Negishi Kousuke , Maesato Kyouko , Ohtake Takayasu 
Published: October 2003

AbstractAlthough it is known that LDL‐apheresis improves ischemic limb seen in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD), the underlying mechanism(s) still remains unknown. We studied whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and/or insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) levels correlated with improvement of ischemic limbs after LDL‐apheresis. Sixteen patients with PAOD (13 men, 3 women) were enrolled in our study. LDL‐apheresis was performed 10 times (treated plasma 3,000 ml) for 5 weeks. Serum level of VEGF significantly increased from 262 ± 171 pg/ml to 306 ± 165 pg/ml before and after LDL‐apheresis (P < 0.05). This value further increased up to 441 ± 175 pg/ml 3 months after the end of this therapy (P < 0.01, compared with the basal value and P < 0.05, compared with the value at the end of 10‐times session). Increased levels of VEGF paralleled increases in the ankle‐brachial pressure index (ABI). After 10‐times therapy, IGF‐I significantly decreased (P < 0.05), but increased over the basal value 3 months after this therapy. Plasma fibrinogen statistically decreased and remained low for 3 months. The favorable effects of LDL‐apheresis may be ascribed to up‐regulation of VEGF and IGF‐I associated with decreased fibrinogen levels. J. Clin. Apheresis, 18:115–119, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Plasmapheresis for the treatment of acute pancreatitis induced by hemophagocytic syndrome related to hypertriglyceridemia
Authors: Coman Tereza , Dalloz Marie‐Amélie , Coolen Nathalie , Heshmati Farhad , Pene Frédéric , Cariou Alain , Claessens Yann‐Erick 
Published: October 2003

AbstractHistiocytic cytophagic panniculitis is an unusual form of hemophagocytic syndrome related to T‐cell lymphoma that can be responsible for hypertriglyceridemia. The elevation of serum triglycerides, usually in the setting of familial lipidemia or during uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, is a well‐recognized cause of pancreatitis. We report here on the treatment by plasmapheresis of a patient suffering from a T‐cell lymphoma‐related panniculitis who presented with an acute pancreatitis induced by hypertriglyceridemia. The Ranson scoring system at day 2 was increased and predicted a poor course while clinical features worsened. The patient was treated with one plasmapheresis that allowed a dramatic (89%) decrease in the triglycerides level. The acute pancreatitis resolved and the patient was discharged from the intensive care unit at day 5 with lipids and pancreatic enzyme levels within normal range. To our knowledge, this is the first case of acute pancreatitis induced by hypertriglyceridemia in the setting of an uncontrolled cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis successfully treated by plasmapheresis. J. Clin. Apheresis 18:129–131, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Safety of donating multiple products in a single apheresis collection: Are we expecting too much?
Authors: Strauss Ronald G. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractModern blood separators rapidly process many liters of donor blood and efficiently collect vast quantities of blood components from donors, who may be stimulated with potent recombinant hematopoietic growth factors or cytokines. Accordingly, the potential risks of modern multiple product/unit apheresis donations and recombinant growth factors is analyzed in this report. As is true for all medical procedures, risks are associated with apheresis donations. Risks of a “standard” apheresis donation, in which one unit of PLTs or plasma is collected, are comparable to the risks of whole blood donation. Risks of multiple unit apheresis donations, in which either vast quantities of a single blood component or multiple units of various components are collected, are incompletely understood, particularly, when donors are stimulated with recombinant hematopoietic growth factors to increase component yields. To minimize donor risks and to increase knowledge of multiple component apheresis donations, both short‐term problems (e.g., donor reactions accompanying apheresis procedures and pre‐ vs. post‐procedure changes in results of donor laboratory studies) and long‐term problems (e.g., medical diagnoses/problems and abnormalities of donor blood counts and laboratory test results) should be monitored, ideally, by a repeat donor registry. When recombinant hematopoietic growth factors are prescribed, donors should give informed consent, and blood center professionals must be aware of 1) the effects of these drugs given at pharmacologic, rather than physiologic, doses; 2) the differences between the molecular structure of recombinant vs. natural/endogenous growth factors; 3) the fact that recombinant growth factors have both narrow/focused and broad biological activities; and 4) the probability that results of studies in sick/immunosuppressed patients may not be applicable to healthy/immunocompetent donors. J. Clin. Apheresis 18:135–140, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Renal transplantation: Basic concepts and evolution of therapy
Authors: Braun William E. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractWithin the last 5 years, dramatic changes in the area of renal transplantation have occurred. There have been shifts in the dominant types of rejection, and in the types and utilization of immunosuppressants. Hyperacute rejection is now rarely seen, and acute cellular rejection within the first 6 to 12 months has been reduced to about 10%. However, humoral/antibody‐mediated rejection has become a more prevalent problem.In the area of immunosuppressants, the ability to reduce acute cellular rejection to about 10% has been achieved through more judicious use of calcineurin inhibitors (cyclosporine and tacrolimus), increased use of mycophenolate mofetil, and the recent introduction of sirolimus (rapamycin). The polyclonal antibody (antithymocyte globulin), as well as monoclonal antibodies directed against the alpha chain of CD25 (daclizumab and basilixamab), have added substantially to the improved success of renal allografts. Because of numerous serious toxicities from glucocorticoids and calcineurin inhibitors, particularly cyclosporine, new studies are utilizing calcineurin‐free and/or glucocorticoid avoidance or rapid elimination protocols often in combination with a monoclonal antibody and sirolimus. New immunosuppressants such as FTY720 and Campath‐1 are also under study. In addition to its use in treating patients with low‐level donor‐specific antibody before transplantation in order to avoid hyperacute rejection, apheresis is utilized in various combination protocols after transplantation in the management of humoral/antibody‐mediated rejection, in the treatment of hemolytic uremia syndrome that sometimes occurs with calcineurin inhibitors and sirolimus, as well as in the treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis that has a major risk of recurrence in renal transplants. J. Clin. Apheresis 18:141–152, 2003. J. Clin. Apheresis 18:141–152, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Coal cleaning via liquid‐fluidized bed classification (LFBC) with selective particle modification
Authors: Calo J. M. , Hu Xinhui , Logan Timothy , Choi Debbie , Apicello Jocelyn 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe concept of coal beneficiation by particle segregation in water‐fluidized beds (or liquid‐fluidized bed classification – LFBC) and its improvement via selective solvent‐swelling of organic material‐rich coal particles were investigated in this study. Samples of Kentucky #9 and Illinois #6 U.S. coals of varying sizes were used in the investigations, both unswollen and swollen with acetone and saturated phenol‐water solution. Both solvents were effective swelling agents for both coals. Leaching of the solvents out of the coal particles into water was also observed to occur. This was found to be more rapid for phenol than for acetone. However, it is concluded that this process is still slow enough to allow sufficient time for segregation and separation of solvent‐swollen coal particles in a water‐fluidized bed. Particle segregation by size was observed for all the unswollen coal samples, with particle sizes increasing from top to bottom in the LFBC. Since the organic matter in the coal tends to concentrate in the smaller particles, the larger particles are typically denser. Consequently, LFBC naturally tends to separate coal particles according to mineral matter content, both due to density and size. For samples of the “larger” coal particles, it was found that solvent‐swelling did not have a significant effect on improving beneficiation over that obtained for the corresponding unswollen coal particles. This was attributed to “larger” coal particles being more similar in organic/inorganic composition. For the “smaller” coal particle samples, however, a significant improvement in beneficiation was observed due to solvent‐swelling. The ratio of bottoms/overflow particle ash content obtained was in the range of 2–4. The size range of these “smaller” particles is quite similar to that typically used in pulverized coal combustion.
Matching average masses of pitch fractions of narrow polydispersity, derived from matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionisation time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, with the polystyrene calibration of SEC
Authors: Islas Carlos A. , Suelves Isabel , Millan Marcos , Apicella Barbara , Lazaro Maria‐Jesus , Herod Alan A. , Kandiyoti Rafael 
Published: October 2003

AbstractA coal tar pitch has been fractionated by preparative and analytical size exclusion chromatography (SEC) to provide narrow time‐elution fractions, expected to have relatively low molecular dispersities. The fractions were characterised by analytical SEC, by UV‐fluorescence spectroscopy, and by laser‐desorption MS and by MALDI‐MS using sinapinic acid as matrix. The MALDI spectra were evaluated by measuring the peak‐intensity mass, Mp, and by calculating number (Mn) and weight (Mw) average masses. The high mass limits of the spectra were determined by three methods based on (i) truncating the spectrum when the signal fell below 5 times the standard deviation of signal at the instrument limit, (ii) taking the upper mass as defined by a minimum slope of the spectrum from baseline, and (iii) taking all of the high mass signal as from sample. The laser desorption spectra were evaluated by Mp values only; the results below m/z 1,000 were in excellent agreement with the polymer calibration. The MALDI mass spectra gave a good fit between Mp values below m/z 3,000 and the calibration of SEC by polymers. Working with Mp gave better results than the Mn and Mw values from Method (i). Results from Methods (ii) and (iii) were significantly worse. Reasons for the lack of agreement between results above m/z 3,000 by MALDI and above m/z 1,000 by LD‐MS have been discussed.