bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Melanoma a stem cell tumor? Identification of neurogenic proteins in trans-differentiated cells
Authors: Rasheed Suraiya , Mao Zisu , Chan Jane MC , Chan Linda S 
Published: March 2005

AbstractBackgroundAlthough several genes and proteins have been implicated in the development of melanomas, the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of these tumors are not well understood. To gain a better understanding of the relationship between the cell growth, tumorigenesis and differentiation, we have studied a highly malignant cat melanoma cell line that trans-differentiates into neuronal cells after exposure to a feline endogenous retrovirus RD114.MethodsTo define the repertoire of proteins responsible for the phenotypic differences between melanoma and its counterpart trans-differentiated neuronal cells we have applied proteomics technology and compared protein profiles of the two cell types and identified differentially expressed proteins by 2D-gel electrophoresis, image analyses and mass spectrometry.ResultsThe melanoma and trans-differentiated neuronal cells could be distinguished by the presence of distinct sets of proteins in each. Although approximately 60–70% of the expressed proteins were shared between the two cell types, twelve proteins were inducedde novoafter infection of melanoma cells with RD114 virusin vitro. Expression of these proteins in trans-differentiated cells was significantly associated with concomitant down regulation of growth promoting proteins and up-regulation of neurogenic proteins (p = < 0.001). Based on their physiologic properties, >95% proteins expressed in trans-differentiated cells could be associated with the development, differentiation and regulation of nervous system cells.ConclusionOur results indicate that the cat melanoma cells have the ability to differentiate into distinct neuronal cell types and they express proteins that are essential for self-renewal. Since melanocytes arise from the neural crest of the embryo, we conclude that this melanoma arose from embryonic precursor stem cells. This model system provides a unique opportunity to identify domains of interactions between the expressed proteins that halt the tumorigenic potential of melanoma cells and drive them toward neurogenerative pathways involved in early neurogenesis. A better understanding of these proteins in a well-coordinated signaling network would also help in developing novel approaches for suppression of highly malignant tumors that arise from stem-like embryonic cells.
Inhibition of IKK down-regulates antigen + IgE-induced TNF production by mast cells: a role for the IKK-IκB-NF-κB pathway in IgE-dependent mast cell activation
Authors: Peng Yongde , Power Melanie R , Li Bo , Lin Tong-Jun 
Published: March 2005

AbstractMast cells (MC) are major effector cells for allergic diseases. Cross-linking of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and its high-affinity receptor, FcɛRI, by antigen initiates a cascade of signaling events leading to nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production. Here, we demonstrated that inhibition of inhibitor of κB (IκB) kinase (IKK) by a peptide IKK inhibitor or by four individual chemical IKK inhibitors including 15-deoxy-prostaglandin J2, BMS-345541, SC-514, or sulindac significantly blocked IgE + trinitrophenyl (TNP)-induced TNF production by mouse bone marrow-derived MC (BMMC). Moreover, IgE + TNP induced a rapid phosphorylation of IKKα but not IKKβ in BMMC. IgE + TNP-induced phosphorylation of IKKα was accompanied with phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, subsequent NF-κB activation, and TNF production. Inhibition of IKK by sulindac decreased IKKα phosphorylation, IκBα phosphorylation and degradation, NF-κB activation, and TNF production by BMMC. It is interesting that IgE + TNP stimulation also induced a prominent synthesis of IKKα and IκBα. Inhibition of NF-κB activity by pyrrolidine dithiocarbomate (PDTC) blocked IgE + TNP-induced IκBα synthesis. NF-κB activity and TNF production were also inhibited when PDTC was used even after IgE + TNP stimulation, suggesting a potential role for the newly synthesized IκBα in MC activation. In addition, IgE + TNP-induced IKKα and IκBα phosphorylation was inhibited by a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor Ro 31-8220. Taken together, our results support a role for the IKK-IκB-NF-κB pathway, which likely involves PKC in IgE-dependent TNF production by MC. Thus, IKK may serve as a new target for the regulation of MC function in allergy.
After Colonialism: Imperial Histories and Postcolonial Displacements; Orientalism and the Postcolonlal Predicament: Perspectives on South Asia
Authors: Peabody Norbert 
Published: March 2005

After Colonialism: Imperial Histories and Postcolonial Displacements. GYAN PRAKASH, ed. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995. viii + 352 pp., notes, contributors, index.Orientalism and the Postcolonlal Predicament: Perspectives on South Asia. CAROL A. BRECKENRIDGE and PETER VAN DER VEER, eds. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993. viii + 355 pp. notes, references, contributors, index.
Of songs and signs: Audiocassette poetry, moral character, and the culture of circulation in Yemen
Authors: Miller Flagg 
Published: March 2005

ABSTRACTA problematic of authorial subjects, character (tibāc) has long provided a generative reflexive template in Yemeni textual practice. As contemporary vernacular poets and singers consider the benefits and costs of an audio‐recording industry for the integrities of political speakers, they use a graphic alienation inherent to a trope of character to articulate moral ambivalences over, and expressive possibilities of, authorial iteration. In this article, I propose a framework for considering the moral entailments of a culture of circulation.
Notch/Delta4 Interaction in Human Embryonic Liver CD34+ CD38− Cells: Positive Influence on BFU-E Production and LTC-IC Potential Maintenance
Authors: Dando Jonathan S. , Tavian Manuela , Catelain Cyril , Poirault Sonia , Bennaceur-Griscelli Annelise , Sainteny Françoise , Vainchenker William , Péault Bruno , Lauret Evelyne 
Published: March 2005

AbstractWe investigated whether Notch signaling pathways have a role in human developmental hematopoiesis. In situ histochemistry analysis revealed that Notch1, 2, and 4 and Notch ligand (Delta1–4, and Jagged1) proteins were not expressed in the yolk sac blood islands, the para-aortic splanchnopleure, the hematopoietic aortic clusters, and at the early stages of embryonic liver hematopoiesis. Notch1–2, and Delta4 were eventually detected in the embryonic liver, from 34 until 38 days postconception. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis showed that first-trimester embryonic liver CD34+CD38low cells expressed both Notch1 and Notch2. When these cells were cultured on S17 stroma stably expressing Delta4, a 2.6-fold increase in BFU-E number was observed at day 7, as compared with cultures with control stroma, and this effect was maintained for 2 weeks. Importantly, exposure of these cells to Delta4 under these conditions maintained the original frequency and quality of long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-ICs), while control cultures quickly resulted in the extinction of this LTC-IC potential. Furthermore, short-term exposure of embryonic liver adherent cells to erythropoietin resulted in a dose-dependent increase in Delta4 expression, almost doubling the expression observed with untreated stroma. This suggests that Delta4 has a role in the regulation of hematopoiesis after a hypoxic stress in the fetus.
Rate based modeling of a sulfite reduction bioreactor
Authors: Ebrahimi S. , Picioreanu C. , Kleerebezem R. , Heijnen J. J. , van Loosdrecht M. C. M. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractA novel biological sulfite/sulfate reduction process has been evaluated using a rate‐based mathematical model. The principle of this process is that sulfate reducing bacteria reduce sulfate or sulfite to sulfide using H2 and CO2 as energy and carbon source under anaerobic conditions. The H2S gas resulting from the biological sulfate reduction is simultaneously stripped off and, in a separate stage, absorbed and oxidized to elemental sulfur. In this novel process, the biological sulfate/sulfite reduction reaction is accompanied by absorption of H2 and CO2, chemical reactions in the liquid phase and the subsequent desorption of the volatile reaction product, H2S. As a result of the complicated nature of this process, accurate simulation of the system is essential for the precise design, parameter estimation and control of the process. The proposed model adopts the film theory and includes both instantaneous equilibrium reactions and reactions with finite rates. Mass transfer resistance in the gas phase is also taken into account. The rate based process model was implemented in a packed‐bed bioreactor model to obtain reactor dimensions as a function of operational variables. A sensitivity analysis was conducted on the mathematical model to define the key parameters of the process design and performance, and to establish the optimal reactor operational conditions. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2005
A statistical approach to class separability
Authors: Zighed Djamel A. , Lallich Stéphane , Muhlenbach Fabrice 
Published: March 2005

AbstractWe propose a new statistical approach for characterizing the class separability degree in ℝp. This approach is based on a non‐parametric statistic called ‘the cut edge weight’. We show in this paper the principle and the experimental applications of this statistic. First, we build a geometrical connected graph like Toussaint's Relative Neighbourhood Graph on all examples of the learning set. Second, we cut all edges between two examples of a different class. Third, we compute the relative weight of these cut edges. If the relative weight of the cut edges is in the expected range of a random distribution of the labels on all the neighbourhood of the graph's vertices, then no neighbourhood‐based method provides a reliable prediction model. We will say then that the classes to predict are non‐separable. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On‐line learning for very large data sets
Authors: Bottou Léon , Le Cun Yann 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe design of very large learning systems presents many unsolved challenges. Consider, for instance, a system that ‘watches’ television for a few weeks and learns to enumerate the objects present in these images. Most current learning algorithms do not scale well enough to handle such massive quantities of data. Experience suggests that the stochastic learning algorithms are best suited to such tasks. This is at first surprising because stochastic learning algorithms optimize the training error rather slowly. Our paper reconsiders the convergence speed in terms of how fast a learning algorithm optimizes the testing error. This reformulation shows the superiority of the well designed stochastic learning algorithm. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Results and follow‐up after implantation of four or more sirolimus‐eluting stents in the same patient
Authors: Iakovou Ioannis , Sangiorgi Giuseppe M. , Stankovic Goran , Corvaja Nicola , Vitrella Giancarlo , Ferraro Massimo , Colombo Antonio 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of ≥4 sirolimus‐eluting stent (SES; Cypher, Cordis, Johnson and Johnson) implantation. The safety of implantation of ≥4 SESs in the same patient and setting has not been established. Furthermore, it has been hypothesized that sirolimus administration with the use of multiple stents may diminish the platelet inhibitory effects of clopidogrel and may trigger drug‐drug interactions. We identified 96 consecutive patients (96 procedures) who underwent implantation of ≥4 SESs in 365 lesions (438 stents) during the same procedure. All patients received aspirin indefinitely and clopidogrel or ticlopidine for at least 1 year postprocedure; 57% and 47% of the patients were on calcium channel blocker and statin therapy, respectively. All stents were successfully deployed and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors were used in 50% of the procedures. There were no in‐hospital deaths, Q‐wave myocardial infarction (MI), urgent bypass surgery, or repeat percutaneous coronary intervention; 18 patients (19%) suffered non‐Q‐wave MI (defined as CK‐MB elevation >3 times the upper limit of normal). At 30‐day follow‐up, there was one (1%) subacute thrombosis resulting in target lesion revascularization. At mean follow‐up time of 15.4 ± 6.2 months, the frequency of target lesion revascularization, target vessel revascularization, and major adverse cardiac event rates were 12%, 16%, and 18%, respectively. No other notable clinical events that might have been attributed to the possible drug‐drug interactions or discontinuation of concomitant antithrombotic, statin, or calcium channel blocker therapy were reported. Multiple (≥4) SES implantation appears safe with no increase in major adverse cardiac events. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2005;64:436–439. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Treating chronic total occlusions using subintimal tracking and reentry: The STAR Technique
Authors: Colombo Antonio , Mikhail Ghada W. , Michev Iassen , Iakovou Ioannis , Airoldi Flavio , Chieffo Alaide , Rogacka Renata , Carlino Mauro , Montorfano Matteo , Sangiorgi Giuseppe M. , Corvaja Nicola , Stankovic Goran 
Published: March 2005

AbstractSuccessful recanalization of coronary total occlusions (CTOs) remains an area where improvements are needed. We propose an approach similar to the one utilized in treating some peripheral artery occlusions and aimed to create a subintimal dissection with distal reentry. A 0.014′ hydrophilic wire with a J‐configuration is utilized for this purpose. We applied this technique to CTO of native coronaries in 31 patients where previous attempts failed in 21 of them (67%). The right coronary artery (RCA) was the index vessel in 87% of patients. Recanalization of the vessel and of most of distal branches was achieved in 21 patients; patency of at least one major distal branch was achieved in 9 patients. Drug‐eluting stents (DESs) were implanted in 53% of patients. Three patients had intraprocedural vessel perforation without consequences. Five patients (16%) had in‐hospital non‐Q‐wave myocardial infarction. No other adverse events occurred at a mean follow‐up of 5.1 ± 3.7 months except for one noncardiac death. Angiographic follow‐up was performed in 21 (67%) patients and 53% of them developed restenosis. Reintervention on the target vessel was performed in 11 patients (52%). Complete success with the procedure was originally obtained in 8 of the 10 patients who did not develop restenosis and in 8 of them DESs were originally implanted. This technique appears a promising approach to recanalize difficult total occlusions, particularly the ones localize on the RCA, which has the most important side branches located distally. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2005;64:407–411. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intermediate‐term results of percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy in children less than 12 years of age
Authors: Kothari Shyam S. , Ramakrishnan S. , Kumar Chanakya K. , Juneja Rajnish , Yadav Rakesh 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe objectives of this study were to review the efficacy of percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) in young children less than 12 years of age and to provide intermediate‐term follow‐up data. There is a paucity of information regarding the long‐term efficacy of PTMC done in children less than 12 years of age. The data of 100 consecutive children less than 12 years of age (mean, 11.1 ± 1.2 years) who underwent PTMC using Inoue balloon were analyzed retrospectively. Serial clinical and echocardiographic follow‐up information of more than 6 months was available in 94 patients. The procedure was successful in 94 patients. The mean calculated mitral valve area (MVA) increased from 0.72 0.14 to 1.7 0.35 cm2 (P 0.0001). Echocardiographic restenosis (MVA ≤ 1 cm2 or > 50% gain loss) occurred in 14 of 94 patients (16%) over a mean follow‐up of 34.4 25.9 (range, 2–115) months. The improvement in New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class was maintained in most patients (from a mean of 2.87 0.5 pre‐PTMC to 1.42 0.6 at follow‐up). Seven out of 14 patients with restenosis underwent a re‐PTMC. The actuarial rate of good functional status (survival, no repeat interventions, and NYHA class 1 or 2) at 100 months was 75.4% 8.7%. PTMC provides excellent intermediate‐term palliation even in young children with rheumatic mitral stenosis. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2005;64:487–490. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
N‐acetylcysteine prophylaxis significantly reduces the risk of radiocontrast‐induced nephropathy: Comprehensive meta‐analysis
Authors: Duong Michael H. , MacKenzie Todd A. , Malenka David J. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe objectives of this study was to assess the overall effect of N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) in preventing radiocontrast‐induced nephropathy (RCIN) using all available data in the literature. RCIN is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Existing randomized trials of NAC are small and show inconsistent results. Prior meta‐analyses do not include data from the most current studies. We used standard search protocols to identify all published articles and abstracts of prospective trials using NAC with fluid hydration compared to hydration alone in patients with chronic renal insufficiency undergoing contrast procedures. A rise in serum creatinine by 0.5 mg/dl or 25% above baseline at 48–72 hr after contrast exposure was used as the primary outcome. We identified 14 trials of NAC with 1,584 patients published as full‐text articles. Using a random‐effects model, the use of oral NAC resulted in a significant reduction in the risk for developing RCIN (RR = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.37–0.84; P = 0.01). This finding did not significantly change in a fixed‐effect model (RR = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.42–0.73) or when the data were reanalyzed using only randomized trials in all forms (i.e., articles and abstracts; RR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.47–0.95). We identified only one important difference between the positive and the negative studies: the cumulative exposure to contrast media (174 vs. 152 ml). Metaregression did not show a significant relationship between contrast volume and the RR of developing RCIN (P > 0.10). In the trials showing benefit for NAC, the treated patients' postprocedure creatinine unexpectedly decreased by 0.21 mg/dl (95% CI = 0.33–0.08). Prophylaxis with NAC significantly reduces the risk for RCIN. The reasons for improvement in serum creatinine in patients treated with NAC are unclear, but may include improved renal blood flow due to NAC and/or vigorous hydration. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2005;64:471–479. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Wnt10a is involved in AER formation during chick limb development
Authors: Narita Tomohiro , Sasaoka Shunsuke , Udagawa Kiyoshi , Ohyama Takahiro , Wada Naoyuki , Nishimatsu Shin‐ichiro , Takada Shinji , Nohno Tsutomu 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe apical ectodermal ridge (AER) is indispensable for vertebrate limb development and requires Wnt/β‐catenin signaling for induction and maintenance. We report identification and involvement of Wnt10a in AER formation during chick limb development. Chicken Wnt10a has 82% identity with mouse Wnt10a in the amino acid sequence. The Wnt10a gene was expressed broadly in the surface ectoderm from as early as stage 10. By stage 15, the expression was restricted to the surface ectoderm overlying the lateral plate mesoderm. Wnt10a expression became intensified in the presumptive limb ectoderm during AER formation, and subsequently intense expression signals persisted in the AER. Wnt10a misexpression led to ectopic Fgf8 expression in the developing limb ectoderm and induced translocation of β‐catenin in chick embryo fibroblasts. These results suggest that Wnt10a is involved in AER formation in the chick limb bud through the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. Developmental Dynamics 233:282–287, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Novel Two‐Dimensional Layer Structure Built from a Tetracobalt(II)‐p‐sulfonatothiacalix[4]arene Cluster Unit
Authors: Yuan Daqiang , Xu Yanqing , Hong Maochun , Bi Wenhua , Zhou Youfu , Li Xing 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe novel coordination polymer [Co4(TCAS)(μ4‐SO4)(4,4′‐Hbipy)2]n (TCAS = the octaanion of p‐sulfonatothiacalix[4]arene) (1) has been synthesized hydrothermally and characterized. X‐ray diffraction analyses reveal a two‐dimensional (2D) layer structure built from the [Co4(TCAS)(μ4‐SO4)]2– unit. The tetranuclear cobalt(II) clusters bridged by the μ4‐SO42– and phenoxy groups of the same TCAS provide a unique trapeziform magnetic mode; magnetic studies in the temperature range 2–300 K show weak antiferromagnetic interactions between the four cobalt(II) centers. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Iron‐Assisted Oxidative Radical C–C Bond Cleavage
Authors: Bénisvy Laurent , Chottard Jean‐Claude , Marrot Jérôme , Li Yun 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe N2SO ligand, bis(N‐methylimidazol‐2‐yl)‐2‐methylthioethanol (L), when coordinated to Fe3+ or Fe2+, undergoes a radical C–C bond cleavage in air, to form bis(N‐methylimid‐azol‐2‐yl) ketone (Me2‐BIK). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Structural Studies of Rare Earth/Transition Metal Complex Ion Systems as a Basis for Understanding Their Thermal Decomposition to Mixed Oxides
Authors: Brayshaw Philippa A. , Hall Annegret K. , Harrison William T. A. , Harrowfield Jack M. , Pearce Dierdre , Shand Todd M. , Skelton Brian W. , Whitaker Claire R. , White Allan H. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThermal decomposition in air of the series of complexes [Co(NH3)6][Ln(dipic)3]·x H2O, [Cr(en)3][Ln(dipic)3]·y H2O and [Cr(urea)6][Ln(dipic)3]·z H2O (Ln = La – Lu, excluding Pm but plus Y; dipic = 2,6‐pyridinedicarboxylate) to give oxide phases has been examined. The products were characterised by powder X‐ray diffraction, magnetic and surface area measurements. From the Co‐containing species, either Co3O4 + Ln2O3 or perovskite (CoLnO3) products result, while the Cr‐containing species provide CrLnO4 phases in addition, the monazite form of CrNdO4 being detected for the first time in this way. Underpinning consideration of the solid state decomposition mechanisms, single‐crystal X‐ray structure de‐terminations have been performed on [Co(NH3)6][Ln(dipic)3]·n H2O across the Ln series, defining differing phases (alltriclinic P$\bar {1}$) for n = 5 (encompassing Ln = La–Pr), n = 8(.5) (Ln = Tm – Eu) and n = 10 (Ln = Pr – Er, including Y), and also on one of the low‐temperature decomposition products, [Co(NH3)6]Cl·dipic·2 H2O (1). The structure of 1 provides evidence that conventional π‐stacking of the dipicolinate anions may be of some importance in determining the solid state array, whereas consideration of all structures involving [Ln(dipic)3]3– anions indicates that “edge‐to‐face” interactions between dipicolinate ligands of adjacent complex anions may also be determinants of the formation of sheet‐like arrays of the trianions commonly observed in these compounds. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)