bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANNEXIN I IS STORED WITHIN GELATINASE GRANULES OF HUMAN NEUTROPHIL AND MOBILIZED ON THE CELL SURFACE UPON ADHESION BUT NOT PHAGOCYTOSIS
Authors: Perretti Mauro , Christian Helen , Wheller Samantha K. , Aiello Ivana , Mugridge Kenneth G. , Morris John F. , Flower Roderick J. , Goulding Nicolas J. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractAnnexin I, a member of the calcium‐ and phospholipid‐binding annexin superfamily of proteins, is largely present in human neutrophils. To determine its exact intracellular distribution a combination of flow cytometry, confocal microscopy and electron microscopy analyses were performed on resting human neutrophils as well as on cells which had been activated. In resting neutrophils, annexin I was found to be present in small amounts in the nucleus, in the cytoplasm and partially also associated with the plasma membrane. The cytoplasmic pool of annexin I was predominant, and the protein was co‐localized with gelatinase (marker of gelatinase granules), but not with human serum albumin or CD35 (markers of secretory vesicles), or with lysosomes. Electron microscopy showed the presence of annexin I inside the gelatinase granules. Neutrophil adhesion to monolayers of endothelial cells, but not phagocytosis of particles of opsonized zymosan, provoked an intense mobilization of annexin I, with a marked externalization on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. Remaining intracellular annexin I was also found in proximity of the plasma membrane. These results provide a novel mechanism for annexin I secretion from human neutrophils, which is via a degranulation event involving gelatinase granules.
MACRONUCLEAR DIVISION AND CYTOKINESIS IN TETRAHYMENA
Authors: Numata Osamu , Fujiu Kenta , Gonda Kohsuke 
Published: September 2002

AbstractTetrahymena contains a micronucleus and a macronucleus. The micronucleus divides with typical mitosis, while the macronucleus divides amitotically. Although the mechanism responsible for macronuclear division was previously unknown, we clarified the organization of microtubules during macronuclear division. The macronuclear microtubules dynamically changed their distribution in an organized way throughout the macronuclear division. The macronuclear microtubules and the cytoplasmic microtubules cooperatively carried out the macronuclear division. When the micronuclear division was finished, p85 appeared at the presumptive division plane prior to the cytokinesis. The p85 directly interacted with calmodulin in a Ca2+‐dependent manner, and p85 and CaM colocalized to the division furrow during cytokinesis. Moreover, the Ca2+/CaM inhibitor, W7, inhibited the direct interaction between p85 and CaM, the localization of both proteins to the division plane, and the formation of the division furrow. Thus, Ca2+/CaM and p85 have important roles in initiation and progression of cytokinesis in Tetrahymena.
APHIDICOLIN INHIBITS DNA REPLICATION IN THE MICRONUCLEUS AND BLOCKS CYTOKINESIS IN PARAMECIUM CAUDATUM
Authors: Sabaneyeva Elena , Tao Weihai , Verbelen Jean‐Pierre 
Published: September 2002

AbstractAphidicolin, a selective inhibitor of DNA polymerase, totally blocks DNA replication in the micronucleus but not in the macronucleus of Paramecium caudatum. The ciliates no longer divide and after 4 days the DNA content of the macronucleus has increased by 64%. Concomitantly the cell volume has increased by 53%.
CYTOSKELETON‐INDUCED ALTERATIONS OF THE LECTIN ACTIVITY IN WINTER WHEAT UNDER COLD HARDENING AND ABSCISIC ACID (ABA)
Authors: Timofeeva Olga , Khokhlova Ludmila , Belyaeva Nella , Chulkova Yulia , Garaeva Liliana 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe roots and leaves of 7‐day seedlings of three winter wheat cultivars differing in frost resistant were used to study changes in lectin activity under cytoskeleton modifiers (DMSO—7%; colchicine—1mm; oryzalin—15μm; cytochalasin B—15μm) of non‐hardened (23°C) and hardened (2–3°C, 3–7 day) plants. Plants were grown with ABA (30μm) or without ABA. Pretreatment with colchicine, oryzalin [inhibitors of microtubules (MT) polymerization], cytochalasin B [inhibitor of microfilament (MF) polymerization] increased the activity of cell wall lectins, although pretreatment with DMSO (stabilizer of microtubules) decreased the activity. Both hardening and ABA decreased the effect of the cytoskeletal modifiers. These results could be explained by the appearance of tolerant MTs with less affinity. It is probable that increase in the activity of cell wall lectins may be the compensatory mechanism which stabilizes the cytoskeleton structure in conditions tending to disrupt it. The genotype with low resistance had higher sensitivity of lectin activity to cytoskeleton modifiers than the frost resistant genotype. The results suggest that leaves have more stable MTs and MFs and stronger MT—MF binding than roots.
NITRIC OXIDE MODIFIES GLYCOLYTIC PATHWAYS IN CULTURED HUMAN SYNOVIOCYTES
Authors: Borderie D. , Le Marechal H. , Ekindjian O. G. , Hernvann A. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) is a free radical produced during inflammation following activation of an inducible NO synthase by pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as IL‐1β. Since both NO and IL‐1β are involved in the physiopathology of inflammatory arthropathies, we investigated the effects of exogenous NO on glycolytic pathways in cultured human osteoarthritic synovial cells. NO generated from S‐nitroso‐N‐acetyl penicillamine (SNAP) or sodium nitroprusside (SNP) inhibited glucose uptake (by 50% after 1h of incubation) and lactate production by 16% (SNAP) and 8.5% (SNP) after 3h. Both NO donors also reduced production of glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), an enzyme of the glycolytic pathway. This effect was reversed by haemoglobin, a NO scavenger with higher affinity for the radical. In contrast, the effect on glucose uptake appeared to be irreversible.
HGF/SF‐INDUCED SPREADING OF MDCK CELLS CORRELATES WITH DISAPPEARANCE OF BARMOTIN/7H6, A TIGHT JUNCTION‐ASSOCIATED PROTEIN, FROM THE CELL MEMBRANE
Authors: Muto Samu , Sato Yasushi , Umeki Yasuhiro , Yoshida Kenji , Yoshioka Toshiaki , Nishikawa Yuji , Nakamura Toshikazu , Mori Michio , Koyama Kenji , Enomoto Katsuhiko 
Published: September 2002

AbstractChanges in expression of the two tight junction‐associated proteins, barmotin/7H6 and ZO‐1, as well as the adherence junction‐associated protein, E‐cadherin, were followed during hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SC)‐induced migration process of MDCK cells. Modulation of the HGF/SF‐induced migration process by staurosporine, an inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), was also examined. Cell migration induced by HGF/SF consisted of two distinct phases, initial cell spreading between 2 and 9h after the start of treatment, and the scattering phase which started ∼12h after treatment. Both ZO‐1 and E‐cadherin were expressed at the cell—cell border of adherent cells in the scattering phase, whereas barmotin/7H6, a barrier function‐related tight junction protein, was not seen during the early spreading phase. Confluent cultures of MDCK cells, which did not spread after HGF/SF treatment, were positive for barmotin/7H6 expression at cell—cell borders. Blocking PKC activation during HGF/SF treatment with staurosporine inhibited cell spreading, and the cells retained barmotin/7H6 expression until at 6h after HGF/SF treatment. The results indicate that disappearance of the tight junction protein, barmotin/7H6, is closely associated with cell spreading, with both barmotin/7H6 expression and cell spreading seemingly being regulated by PKC‐mediated signaling.
PRESENCE, UPTAKE AND LOCALIZATION OF AN IMMUNOREACTIVELY INTERLEUKIN 6 (IL‐6)‐LIKE MOLECULE IN TETRAHYMENA PYRIFORMIS
Authors: Kõhidai László , Kovács Péter , Lázár‐Molnár Eszter , Csaba György 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe unicellular Tetrahymena and its medium contain immunoreactively interleukin 6 (IL‐6)‐like molecules (hereinafter IL‐6) in a measurable quantity in the 24 h‐old cultures. This protozoan takes up exogenously supplied IL‐6 very quickly, and this can be found in similar amounts in both the cells and the media after 1h. After 24h (48h cultures), an equal amount of IL‐6 is present in the control and IL‐6‐treated cells and their media. By 120h, cells which have not had their medium changed retained the same quantity of IL‐6 as the control; however less than half was found in IL‐6‐treated cells. In the medium of 120h‐old cultures, there was a reduction of IL‐6 content relative to the 24h content in the control; however, in the IL‐6‐treated cell culture medium, less than half of the level in the controls was found. Confocal microscopy demonstrated the localization of IL‐6 in/on the oral apparatus and basal bodies, and the nuclear envelope also showed moderate labelling. IL‐6 antibody binding was enhanced after IL‐6 pretreatment (hormonal imprinting). The experiments call attention to the presence of an IL‐6‐like molecule and its uptake at a very low level of phylogeny.
DIFFERENT PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS CONTROL ISOVOLUMETRIC REGULATION AND REGULATORY VOLUME DECREASE IN CHICK EMBRYO CARDIOMYOCYTES
Authors: Souza Marta M. , Boyle Robert T. , Lieberman Melvyn 
Published: September 2002

AbstractCultured chick embryo cardiac myocytes submitted to a 180mOsm/kg hyposmotic solution swell present a regulatory volume decrease (RVD). This RVD is mediated by a Ca2+influx followed by a 40% loss of total taurine content accompanied by the loss of lesser amounts of other osmolytes. Kidney cells respond to a gradual change in osmolality by maintaining their volume at the initial level. This is termed isovolumetric regulation (IVR), which may activate regulatory processes other than those observed with sudden changes in osmolality. When cardiac myocytes were exposed to a gradual change in osmolality, they show a partial IVR which is not dependent upon extracellular Ca2+. Potassium channel blockers, quinidine and Ba2+, and the chloride channel blocker, diphenylamine‐2‐carboxylate (DPC), compromise IVR in our model. Tritiated taurine loss and total intracellular K+contents were analyzed in cultured cardiomyocytes submitted to a gradual change in osmolality. The cultured cells lost approximately 10% of their taurine and 35% of their total K+. These findings suggest that different compensatory mechanisms are activated when cells are exposed to stepwise and gradual changes in osmolality. Inorganic osmolytes (through conductive pathways) are preferentially mobilized during the physiological and/or patho‐physiological IVR situation, perhaps reflecting energetic conservation in response to a less traumatic event for the cardiac myocytes.
2,7‐DICHLOROFLUORESCIN OXIDATION AND REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES: WHAT DOES IT MEASURE?
Authors: Jakubowski Witold , Bartosz Grzegorz 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIntracellular 2,7‐dichlorofluorescin (H2DCF) oxidation is often used to measure the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cells. The rate of H2DCF oxidation depends on the concentration of glutathione, which is an alternative target for ROS. Our results suggest that increased rate of H2DCF oxidation be interpreted as an indication of general oxidative stress due to a variety of reasons, including depletion of antioxidants, rather than as a specific proof of augmented ROS formation.
SV‐40 LARGE T ANTIGEN REVERSIBLY INHIBITS EXPRESSION OF TYROSINASE, TRP‐1, TRP‐2 AND MITF, BUT NOT PAX‐3, IN CONDITIONALLY IMMORTALIZED MOUSE MELANOCYTES
Authors: Prince Sharon , Illing Nicola , Kidson Susan H. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractTransformation of mouse melanocytes with a variety of exogenous oncogenes or chemical carcinogens frequently results in irreversible loss of pigmentation. We have infected mouse melanocytes with a temperature‐sensitive mutant of the simian virus 40 (SV40) large tumour antigen to study the molecular mechanisms underlying depigmentation during melanocyte transformation. The results show that, out of six cell lines analyzed at the permissive temperature of the oncoprotein, three epidermal and two dermal melanocyte clones remained pigmented and retained the ability to synthesize melanin and to express the melanocyte‐specific genes, including tyrosinase, tyrosinase related protein‐1, tyrosinase related protein‐2 andMitf. In contrast, one dermal melanocyte clone (DMEL‐3) gradually depigmented. This depigmentation was characterized by enhanced growth and down‐regulation of melanocyte‐specific gene expression. When the oncogene was inactivated by culture at the non‐permissive temperature, the pigmented phenotype in DMEL‐3 cells could be rescued, and there was a corresponding time‐dependent increase in melanocyte‐specific gene expression. After extended passage, this rescue could not be achieved. Our results provide direct evidence for the role of the SV40 large T antigen in melanocyte de‐differentiation. Expression of Pax‐3, a transcription factor implicated in melanocyte differentiation, was unaltered during the SV40‐initiated de‐differentiation, and de‐differentiated melanocytes expressed normal levels of Pax‐3 message. We speculate on the mechanism by which the oncoprotein might be regulatingMitf gene expression and of the role of Pax‐3 in this process.
EFFECT OF STEROID HORMONES ON MEMBRANE PROFILES OF HELA S3 CELLS
Authors: Sommer P. , Cowley H. M. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe cervical carcinoma cell line, HeLa S3, was exposed to oestradiol and progesterone separately and combined in ratios similar to those of the luteal and follicular phases of the menstrual cycle. After 48h of exposure, membrane proteins were extracted from the plasma membrane and analyzed. The lipid composition of the cells and lectin binding patterns to the cells were also assessed. The hormones had a profound effect on the HeLa S3 membrane protein profiles. Progesterone inhibited the synthesis of a wide variety of proteins while oestradiol negated this effect. Less variation between lipid profiles was noted although progesterone reduced the amount of cholesterol present. Differences in lectin binding profiles between the various treatments were noted, indicating an hormonal effect on glycosylation. Such hormonal effects on membrane composition may have implications in cervical susceptibly to microbial infections.
HORMONAL CONTROL OF ENZYME ACTIVITY DURING THE PLASMA MEMBRANE TRANSFORMATION OF UTERINE EPITHELIAL CELLS
Authors: Bucci Maria , Murphy Christopher R. 
Published: September 2002

Ultrastructural and light microscopic catalytic histochemical methods were used to study the distribution and changes in distribution of four phosphatase enzymes; alkaline phosphatase, 5′‐nucleotidase, thiamine pyrophosphatase and adenosine triphosphatase in uterine epithelial cells in response to the ovarian hormones, oestrogen, progesterone or a combination of both used in different regimes on ovariectomised rats. Reaction product for all four enzymes was clearly localised in the epithelial cells, especially with oestrogen priming. However, the four enzymes showed markedly different patterns of organisation of reaction product in response to other hormonal treatments.Our findings clearly show that the expression of these enzymes is under ovarian hormonal control. However, while all of the enzymes are upregulated by oestrogen, the response to progesterone is variable, which can upregulate or downregulate different enzymes. The findings are particularly obvious at the electron microscopic level on the apical plasma membrane of the uterine epithelial cells, which was the main focus of our study.
First Results from the Combination of the AAO/UKST and Marseille Hα Surveys
Authors: Russeil D. , Parker Q. A. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractWe have combined the observational data of the AAO/UKST and Marseille Hα surveys to extract preliminary new results about ionised structures of our Galaxy. This includes the detection of a new large bubble located in
the far part of the Carina arm.
Base Band Data for Testing Interference Mitigation Algorithms
Authors: Bell Jon F. , Hall Peter J. , Wilson Warwick E. , Sault Robert J. , Smegal Rick J. , Smith Malcolm R. , van Straten Willem , Kesteven Michael J. , Ferris Richard H. , Briggs Frank H. , Carrad Graham J. , Sinclair Malcom W. , Gough Russell G. , Sarkissian John M. , Bunton John D. , Bailes Matthew 
Published: September 2002

AbstractDigital signal processing is one of many valuable tools for suppressing unwanted signals or inter-ference. Building hardware processing engines seems to be the way to best implement some classes of interference suppression but is, unfortunately, expensive and time-consuming, especially if several miti-gation techniques need to be compared. Simulations can be useful, but are not a substitute for real data. CSIRO’s Australia Telescope National Facility has recently commenced a ‘software radio telescope’ project designed to fill the gap between dedicated hardware processors and pure simulation. In this approach, real telescope data are recorded coherently, then processed offline. This paper summarises the current contents of a freely available database of base band recorded data that can be used to experiment with signal processing solutions. It includes data from the following systems: single dish, multi-feed receiver; single dish with reference antenna; and an array of six 22 m antennas with and without a reference antenna. Astronomical sources such as OH masers, pulsars and continuum sources subject to interfering signals were recorded. The interfering signals include signals from the US Global Positioning System (GPS) and its Russian equivalent (GLONASS), television, microwave links, a low-Earth-orbit satellite, various other transmitters, and signals leaking from local telescope systems with fast clocks. The data are available on compact disk, allowing use in general purpose computers or as input to laboratory hardware prototypes.
Shock Geometry and Inverse Compton Emission from the Wind of a Binary Pulsar
Authors: Ball Lewis , Dodd Jennifer 
Published: September 2002

AbstractPSR B1259 – 63 is a 47 ms radio pulsar with a high spin-down luminosity which is in a close, highly eccentric 3·5 yr orbit about a bright stellar companion. The binary system may be a detectable source of hard ã γ-rays produced by inverse Compton scattering of photons from the B2e star SS2883 by electrons and positrons in the pulsar wind. The star provides an enormous density of optical photons in the vicinity of the pulsar, particularly at epochs near periastron. We calculate the emission from the unshocked region of the pulsar wind, assuming that it terminates at a shock where it attains pressure balance with the companion’s wind. The spectra and light curves for the inverse Compton emission from the shock-terminated wind are compared with those for an unterminated wind. If the pulsar’s wind is weaker than that from the companion star, the termination of the wind decreases the inverse Compton flux, particularly near periastron. The termination shock geometry has the effect of decreasing the asymmetry of the γ-ray light curve around periastron, which arises because of the asymmetrical variation of the scattering angle.
Source Size Measurement from Observed Quasar Microlensing
Authors: Yonehara Atsunori 
Published: September 2002

AbstractRecently, the OGLE team have reported a clear quasar microlensing signal in Q2237+0305. I have analyzed the microlens event of ‘image C’ by using their finely and densely sampled light curves. From light curve fitting, I unambiguously set the source size of ≤0.98 Einstein-Ring radius as a conservative limit. This limit corresponds to 2000 AU, if I adopt Mlens ~ 0.1M obtained by a recent statistical study of the mean mass of the lens object. This gives clear evidence for the existence of an accretion disk in the central region of the quasar.
The Active Algol Binary KZ Pavonis
Authors: Budding E. , Marsden S. C. , Slee O. B. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe Algol type eclipsing binary KZ Pav has been observed over one complete orbit (0.95 days) with theAustraliaTelescope CompactArray. Contemporaneous optical photometric data from the University of Southern Queensland’s Observatory at Mount Kent were also collected and have been included in this multi-wavelength study.Preliminary indications are that the low levels of emission observed share similarities to those of some RS CVn binaries. The optical data show phase-linked effects which can be related to the mass transfer process of Algols. The possibility that the radio emission may be related to this process is considered.
The Effect of Nonaxisymmetric Radiative Drag on Relativistic Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Luo Qinghuan 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe effect of nonaxisymmetric radiation drag on relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei (AGN) is discussed. The radiation force due to inverse Compton scattering of photon fields from a noncircular accretion disk is calculated. It is shown that such nonaxisymmetric drag can cause jet path distortion within the subparsec region of the black hole. This subparsec scale distortion is potentially observable with the current VLBI, VLBA techniques. Any modulation of the axially asymmetric distribution of disk emission can result in variability in electromagnetic radiation from the jet.
FLAIR II Spectroscopy of Two DENIS J Band Galaxy Samples
Authors: Mamon Gary A. , Parker Quentin A. , Proust Dominique 
Published: September 2002

AbstractAs a pilot survey for the forthcoming 6dF Galaxy Redshift Survey, spectroscopy of galaxies selected in the 1.2 micron J waveband with the DENIS imaging survey was performed at the UKST using the FLAIR II multi-object spectroscope. Sixty-nine galaxy redshifts were obtained in a high galactic latitude field and an additional 12 redshifts in a low galactic latitude (b = 17˚), obscured field. This spectroscopic followup of NIR selected galaxies illustrates the feasibility of obtaining redshifts with optical spectra on galaxies selected at much longer wavelengths. It validated a very preliminary algorithm for star/galaxy separation for high galactic latitude DENIS objects, with 99% reliability for J <13.9. The FLAIR II redshifts are in excellent agreement with those, previously published, of 20 common galaxies. However, the FLAIR II redshift determinations presented here required substantially longer integration times to achieve 90% completeness than expected from previous optical surveys at comparable depth. This is mainly due to a degradation in overall fibre throughput due to known problems with ageing of the prism–cement–fibre interface with exposure to UV light. In comparison to our high galactic latitude field, our low latitude (high extinction) field required 2.5 times more exposure time for less than 50% of successful redshift measurements.Among the J ≤ 13.9 galaxies with measured redshifts, only 376% display emission lines, in comparison with 60% of emission line galaxies in optical samples of comparable depth. These galaxies are, on average, half a magnitude bluer in B-J than galaxies of the same luminosity without emission lines. We confirm a previous optically-based result that the fraction of galaxies with emission lines increases rapidly with decreasing galaxy luminosity. The J band luminosity function is estimated. Our high latitude field displays a concentration of galaxies at cz ≲ 38 000 km s−1 suggesting a possible supercluster.A radial velocity is reported for a galaxy lying near the projected centre of the Abell 1434 cluster of galaxies, for which no cluster redshift is currently available.