bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lumber Supply-Chain Practice in Cross-Laminated Timber Industries in the United States: A Comparison with Austrian Producers
Authors: Adhikari Sailesh , Bond Brian , Quesada Henry , Smith Robert 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Lumber is the main raw material for cross-laminated timber (CLT) production, accounting for up to 80 percent of the cost. The availability, quality, and price of lumber are critical factors that influence the completion of CLT projects in the United States. Although structural-rated CLTs are made from structural-grade lumber available in the commodities market, CLT mills have additional requirements to process the lumber more efficiently. These requirements increase production costs, affecting the supply chain, delaying production schedules, and increasing project completion times. This study aims to identify the differences in the lumber supply-chain practices for CLT manufacturing in the United States and Austria. The authors used the case-study survey with convenience sampling method to describe how CLT mills work with suppliers, their delivery preferences, quality-control practices, and current critical issues in each country. The study shows significant differences in lumber procurement and quality monitoring between CLT mills in the United States and Austria. Although the quality of lumber supplied to Austrian CLT mills does not require additional preparation, the quality of lumber in the United States significantly affects production efficiency and cost. To address the lumber supply-chain problems in the United States for CLT production, the authors recommend sorting lumber from the current market to meet minimum requirements and introducing a new lumber grade specifically for CLT mills. Furthermore, adopting the Austrian practice of mass-producing blank CLTs can provide a continuous supply of lumber from sawmills or distributors and increase collaboration opportunities with suppliers and producers.
Vitamin D status in post-medieval Northern England: Insights from dental histology and enamel peptide analysis at Coach Lane, North Shields (AD 1711–1857)
Authors: Snoddy Anne Marie E. , Shaw Heidi , Newman Sophie , Miszkiewicz Justyna J. , Stewart Nicolas A. , Jakob Tina , Buckley Hallie , Caffell Anwen , Gowland Rebecca 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesThe post-medieval period in Europe saw a dramatic increase in metabolic bone disease related to vitamin D deficiency (VDD). Recent paleopathological work has utilized interglobular dentin (IGD) as a proxy for poor vitamin D status during development, while enamel peptide analysis allows the identification of chromosomal sex in non-adult remains. Here we explore the relationship between sex, the presence of IGD, and macroscopic markers of VDD in an industrial era assemblage from Northeast England.Materials and methods25 individuals (9 females, 9 males, 9 unknown sex) from the cemetery site at Coach Lane, North Shields (1711–1857) were selected for paleopathological analysis, histological assessment of IGD, and enamel peptide determination of chromosomal sex.ResultsGround tooth sections from 21 individuals were of suitable quality for detection of IGD, and enamel peptide analysis confirmed the chromosomal sex of ten individuals. Sixteen individuals (76.1%) exhibited ≥1 episode of IGD. Nine of these (42.8%) exhibited >1 episode and four (19%) exhibited ≥4 episodes in regular intervals. Male sex was significantly associated with the presence of IGD (p= 0.0351; 100% males vs. 54.5% females). Females were more likely to exhibit macroscopic evidence of VDD (45.5% females vs 30% males) but this was not statistically significant.Discussion and conclusionsPeriods of poor mineral metabolism during childhood appear much more prevalent at Coach Lane than macroscopic evidence suggests. Evidence of seasonal IGD episodes indicates that northern latitude played a major role in poor VD status in the Northeast of England. The significant association of IGD with male sex may be due to sex-related differences in dentinal mineralization or a higher risk of poor VD status in males aged <5 years. More work is needed to establish an evidence-based threshold for pathological levels of IGD before the presence of this feature can confidently be used as a biomarker for poor VD status.
3D Flower-like Composites in Energy Storage and Photocatalytic Applications: A Review
Authors: Suresh Selvaraj , Kumar Astakala Anil , Deshmukh Shubham Avinash , Ravichandran S. , Rafi Shaik , Prasad P. Hanuman 
Published: January 2024

This extant review looks at the energy storage and photocatalytic degradation efficiency of various three-dimensional flower-like composites. Cobalt/nickel composites with porous structure and high surface area were efficient in energy storage applications. Graphene in 3D flower-like compounds with cobalt/nickel compounds improves the electrochemical performance. Photocatalytic degradation of bismuth compounds/silver compounds containing 3D flower-like composites was effective. 3D Flower-like graphene composites have excellent energy storage and photocatalytic properties. This review will generate interest among researchers to develop new 3D flower-like composites with unique properties in energy storage and photocatalysis. This study could lead to more innovative methods of creating novel 3D flower-like composites with high potential for future applications.
Mechanical Properties, Morphological Characterization and Melt Dripping Studies of Polypropylene (PP) + High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) + Polystyrene (PS) Ternary Polymer Blends: Non-Isothermal Degradation Kinetics of Compatibilized and Uncompatibilized Blends
Authors: Rajan C. Surej , Varghese Lity Alen , Joseph Shiny , George Soney C. 
Published: January 2024

Polymer composites have been widely used due to its light weight, performance with good mechanical properties, corrosion resistant, solvent resistance and it becomes an important part of the industries. Polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) are applied to various commercial as well as automobile spare parts. In this study PP, PS and HDPE were melt mixed together to form a ternary polymer blend and mechanical, morphological, thermogravimetric analysis were conducted to determine its potential applications. The compatibilization of the blend was achieved by the combination of ethylene-propylenediene- monomer (EPDM) and styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS). Model free methods like Flynn Wall Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira- Sunose equation (KAS) and Friedman methods were applied to estimate the activation energy values at different heating rates of 5, 10 and 15 ºC/min. The compatibilized blend of 80PP/5PS/15HDPE with 5% SEBS/EPDM showed better tensile strength compared to uncompatibilized. Freidman method produced a higher value of average activation energy as 203.4 kJ/mol. The melt dripping characteristics was also analyzed were the time to ignition and time for first drip was found to be in the range of 6 to 9 s and 14-16 s. Pure and compatibilized blends showed a very low limiting oxygen index (LOI) values as in the range of 18.7 to 18.9. Elastomeric/rubber blend compatibilization was achieved and the material can be applied to light weight automobile applications. From morphological characterization, it was understood that compatibilized blends are more durable and easily transfer the stress uniformly through the interface. This compatibilized blend can also be used in low temperature regions.
A Study of Serial Shearwave Sonoelastography (SWE) Using Supersonic Imaging in Early Renal Post - Transplant Period
Authors: Ashbina K.  , K. G. Ramakrishnan  , Sujith Janardhanan  , Sajith Narayanan  , Feroz Aziz  
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Ultrasound elastography is a novel technique in ultrasound that quantifies the tissue stiffness in organs and recently has emerged as a tool in complementing the evaluation of renal allograft function. The pathological processes underlying the graft dysfunction cause the changes in elasticity of the graft tissue. This change in elasticity is detected and imaged using elastography. US-based elastography is now a noninvasive complementary tool in addition to the existing laboratory and Doppler-based parameters in the evaluation of renal allograft dysfunction.
METHODS
The present prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Radiology, Malabar Institute of Medical sciences, Kerala, India from January 2019 to June 2020.
RESULTS
Renal allograft parenchymal stiffness by shearwave sonoelastography correlated positively with S. creatinine (p <0.001) and RI (p <0.001) and inversely correlated with eGFR (p<0.001). There was no correlation between the SWE values and BMI of the recipient. There was no correlation between the SWE values and age of the donor and between the SWE values and age of the patient.
CONCLUSIONS
The renal parenchymal stiffness by shearwave elastography showed positive correlation with serum creatinine and RI values and inverse correlation with eGFR which reflected the functional status of the renal allograft. The renal allografts with graft dysfunction were found to have higher SWE values than the stable renal allografts. The renal parenchymal stiffness can help to differentiate stable allografts and graft with allograft dysfunction, hence may be used as a reliable tool in addition to the existing laboratorical and Doppler based parameters in predicting allograft dysfunction. The cut-off value for differentiating stable renal allografts and renal allografts with dysfunction was found to be 14.32 kpa. There was no correlation between shear wave elastography values with the BMI of the recipient and age of the donor.
Rubber Band Syndrome - An Invisible Syndrome
Authors: Pavan Banavathi Sanjeevappa  , Anugrah Suresh  
Published: January 2024

Rubber band Syndrome or Dhaga syndrome is a clinical entity still prevalent in developing countries with strong religious practices which involves the use of elastic bands or threads tied commonly around the arms or legs especially in children as part of religious previews. Here we wanted to diagnose and describe the imaging findings in a case of Rubber Band Syndrome. A three-year-old female patient presented to the surgical out-patient department with complaints of pain, swelling and discoloration of the left wrist. Her mother gave a history of religious thread being tied to the left wrist of the patient two years back. The patient was referred to the Department of Radio-diagnosis for Imaging. Plain radiograph of the left wrist with forearm (AP and Lateral views) revealed a smooth bony defect over the outer aspect of the distal radius and ulna. This syndrome is an invisible syndrome as the patients themselves would not remember tying a religious thread or rubber band over the arm or leg as it is worn for years together due to religious beliefs. Hence, it is important to have knowledge of the condition and the imaging features to make an accurate diagnosis.
Rubber Band Syndrome (A.K.A Dhaga Syndrome) is a rare disorder which is caused by elastic bracelets or rubber bands or ceremonial threads worn for decorative or religious reasons and constricting mainly the wrist. [1] All the cases were reported in children especially chubby children. [2]
The rubber band/ thread remains unnoticed on the child’s arm which slowly burrows through the skin progressing deeper and becomes invisible during physical examination. In severe cases, the constriction worsens and results in neurovascular deficits.
Timely diagnosis by imaging is required in such cases as the physical examination may not reveal any foreign body and prevent lifelong morbidity to the child.
Critical Translation in World and Comparative Literature
Authors: Reynolds Matthew 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
‘Critical Translation in World and Comparative Literature’ outlines a theory of the ‘world work’ as constituted by the source text and all its translations simultaneously. The world work is brought into being by processes that Reynolds calls ‘prismatic translation’, and sees as arising from the interplay of what he calls ‘translationality’ and ‘Translation Rigidly Conceived’. The mode of existence of the world work poses particular challenges for the practice of world and comparative literary study: Reynolds proposes a theory of ‘critical translation’ to meet these challenges, and exemplifies it from the collaborative Prismatic Jane Eyre project.
Past Forward: Holocaust Testimony in Documentary Film
Authors: Barkai Ornit 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper addresses the use of oral history sources in my practice of documentary filmmaking as a second-generation Holocaust survivor. It examines how the filmic documentation of oral history sources can reflect aspects of testimony, memory, and postmemory, as they are theorized in the field of Holocaust Studies. In my film “Past Forward: Journeys to Transnistria,” I document the challenge of relating an intergenerational and cross-cultural story while preserving historical accuracy. Filmed in Ukraine in 2002, it tells the story of my mother, a child-survivor of the Romanian Holocaust. Through oral testimony, the film captures my mother’s survival story as she tells it to me and later to her granddaughter who documents it for a history school project. It then retraces my mother’s journey between 1941 and 1944 from her hometown of Dorohoi, Romania to Transnistria as it was called then under German-allied Romanian occupation. Survivor’s testimony combined with onsite witness interviews, and an archival military map, were used to trace the story of a little Jewish Romanian girl who survived the journey to Transnistria. Recently available archival sources have further validated her story. It has also contributed to locating the film within the broader context of the Holocaust in Ukraine.
Effects of umbilical vein flow on midbrain growth and cortical development in late onset fetal growth restricted fetuses: a prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Mappa Ilenia , Marra Maria Chiara , Pietrolucci Maria Elena , Angela Lu Jia Li , D’Antonio Francesco , Rizzo Giuseppe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate midbrain growth, including corpus callusum (CC) and cerebellar vermis (CV) and cortical development in late fetal growth restricted (FGR) subclassified according to the umbilical vein blood flow (UVBF) values.

Methods
This was a prospective study on singleton fetuses late FGR with abnormal placental cerebral ratio (PCR). FGR fetuses were further subdivided into normal (≥fifth centile) and abnormal (<fifth centile) UVBF blood flow corrected for AC (UVBF/AC), neurosonography was performed at 33–34 weeks of gestation to assess CC and CV lengths and the depth of Sylvian fissure (SF), parieto-occipital (POF) and calcarine fissures (CF). Neurosonographic variables were normalized for fetal head circumference size.

Results
The study cohort included 60 late FGR, 31 with normal UVBF/AC and 29 with abnormal UVBF/AC values. The latter group showed significant differences in CC (median (interquartile range (IQR) normal 0.96 (0.73–1.16) vs. abnormal UVBF/AC 0.60 (0.47–0.87); p<0.0001)), CV (normal 1.04 (0.75–1.26) vs. abnormal UVBF (AC 0.76 (0.62–1.18)); p=0.0319), SF (normal 0.83 (0.74–0.93) vs. abnormal UVBF/AC 0.56 (0.46–0.68); p<0.0001), POF (normal 0.80 (0.71–0.90) vs. abnormal UVBF/AC l 0.49 (0.39–0.90); p≤0.0072) and CF (normal 0.83 (0.56–1.01) vs. abnormal UVBF/AC 0.72 (0.53–0.80); p<0.029).

Conclusions
Late onset FGR fetuses with of reduced umbilical vein flow showed shorter CC and CV length and a delayed cortical development when compared to those with normal umbilical vein hemodynamics. These findings support the existence of a link between abnormal brain development and changes in umbilical vein circulation.
Improved Gx40CrNi25-20 grade austenitic stainless steel
Authors: Yilmaz Serdar Osman , Teker Tanju , Atik Bahadır 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, Ce inoculated GX40CrNi25-20 material was produced by casting. The materials were subjected to heat treatment by being exposed to two different temperatures (1100, 1150 °C) and two different cooling intensities. The effects of heat treatment on primary and secondary carbide concentration, distribution, and type were investigated by using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and microhardness tests. The adhesive wear behavior of the materials was determined. After the homogenization heat treatment, the increased cooling intensity application decreased the hardness of the samples. After the homogenization heat treatment, the size of the primary carbides decreased and their distribution became homogeneous. Secondary carbides were dispersed into smaller and equiaxed formin the matrix. EGR inoculating reduced the precipitation of carbides and changed the shape of the precipitate to granule.
Role of dietary fats in reproductive, health, and nutritional benefits in farm animals: A review
Authors: Kujoana Tlou Christopher , Mabelebele Monnye , Sebola Nthabiseng Amenda 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Dietary fats serve a multitude of purposes in both humans and animals. They are a component of membranes and support the regulation of cellular influx and egress. They aid in the production of hormones, milk, embryonic, and foetal development, movement, and storage of energy, as well as absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. The objective of this review is to describe how dietary fats contribute to improved livestock reproductive performance. Data for this review study were acquired from recently published works in different journals. Databases were accessed using electronic data sources such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Research Gate, Web of Science, and the Directory of Open Access Journals. It is believed that dietary fats added to animal diets enhance animal reproduction by boosting the quantity and size of ovarian follicles and concentration of hormone progesterone plasma, declining the production of prostaglandin metabolites and increasing the lifespan of corpus luteum, which is also crucial for semen maturation, motility, and acrosomal reactions in addition to reproductive hormones. Therefore, it is important to employ dietary fats effectively to boost livestock reproduction and maximise animal output, which will achieve the relevant Sustainable Development Goals and food security.
Improved Calculation of the Shear Modulus of Rectangular Prisms from Their Resonant Frequency Overtones
Authors: Bosomworth Paul A. , Zhang Rui , Anovitz Lawrence M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The shear modulus (G) is an important parameter for characterizing the strength of and wave propagation through a given material. This study improves the empirical model for estimating shear modulus using the impulse excitation technique based on an experimental analysis of 19 soda-lime silica glass bars. Analysis of the frequency equations relating the shear modulus to the torsional resonant frequencies of rectangular prisms has been used to provide improved equations for calculating G for higher orders of vibration. These were tested by measuring the shear modulus of several novaculite rocks of different porosities up to the seventh order of vibration. These were found to be nearly frequency independent. The updated frequency equations provide a distinct improvement over previously available methods when values for higher order vibrations, and thus the frequency dependence of G, are of interest.
Bioecology and hemeroby of flora species in the Northern Steppe Dnipro Region
Authors: Baranovski B. A. , Karmyzova L. A. , Dubуna D. V. , Shevera M. V. 
Published: January 2024

The information is summarized and an annotated summary of vascular plants of the flora in the Northern Steppe Dnipro Region is represented based on the materials of previous works and on our own more than 40-years research. Bioecological characteristics of the flora species within the studied region were compiled according to the Belgard ecomorph system. For the first time, the paper presented hemerobia of species for the flora in the Northern Steppe Dnipro Region. The current occurrence categories of the plant species in the studied regional flora were given, which allows us to compare changes in their abundance within a territory studied. The occurrence categories and species hemerobicity were established. Rare and endangered vascular plant species were identified using the Red Book of Dnipropetrovsk region, the Red Book of Ukraine, and the European and World Red Lists. Adventive and invasive flora species were noted. A number of vascular plant species new for the region, not previously observed, have been identified. The major families in the studied flora were: Asteraceae, Poaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Scrophullariaceae, Ranunculaceae, Apiaceae, Boraginaceae. As a result of the study, the vascular plant flora in the Northern Steppe Dnipro Region was found to be characterized by significant systematic and bioecological diversity, and a high degree of rarity. It consists of 1,895 species, including 432 rare ones. At the same time, it was characterized by a fairly high degree of adventization, which indicates the modernization of the flora. A significant number of ruderal species, or species that are prone to ruderalization (619 species), and a large number of adventive species (357 species) indicates a significant anthropogenic transformation of the vegetation cover in the region. The paper presents a summary of the vascular plant flora with bioecological characteristics of the species. A detailed analysis of the flora will be presented in a further separate publication.
Energy absorption of AlSi10Mg origami cellular structures fabricated via laser powder bed fusion
Authors: Yasuda Hiromi , Kunimine Takahiro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe experimentally study the energy absorption of metallic origami cellular structures additively manufactured from an AlSi10Mg alloy. We fabricate AlSi10Mg origami using the laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process. Since the as-fabricated AlSi10Mg has limited elongation at break, we systematically examine the heat treatment conditions and achieve the large deformation (i.e., wide folding range) of AlSi10Mg origami without fracture of origami creases. In addition, we use a drop tower impact system to demonstrate the effectiveness of AlSi10Mg origami’s folding behavior for impact energy absorption. Based on our experimental results, AlSi10Mg origami cellular structures could be exploited to develop a highly efficient lightweight impact absorber.
Graphical abstract
Separation of base flow in upper part of the Lebrija river basin
Authors: Gómez Sully , Guzmán Jorge 
Published: January 2024

To make separation of base flow in the upper part of Lebrija River basin, we developed and applied physical concepts such as mass balance equation with natural tracers called stable isotopes of water and numerical algorithms based on stream flow recession from time series. These algorithms uses parameters hat have physical meaning in the recession of the rivers and may represent behaviours non lineal in groundwater storage. Sampling of stable isotopes in rainwater, as in groundwater and rivers were made, taking into account the response of the components of hydrograph in several scales, seasonal and spatial. The analysis resulting from the recession parameters and equation for the mass balance equation validated the existence of aquifer systems in contact with the main river. The results obtained allow proposing a significative value for base flow in the Lebrija basin.