bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using cavity model analysis to design a dual‐band dual‐slant‐polarized microstrip antenna
Authors: Chakravarty Tapas , De Asok 
Published: April 2003

AbstractA novel method of computation of input impedance detected by a feed probe leads to a simple technique of designing a dual‐band dual‐polarized microstrip antenna using a shorting‐pin‐loaded circular patch. The computation of the radiation pattern displays a slant‐polarized antenna, in which the tilt angle follows the angular location of the shorting pin. Comparisons with simulated results show good agreement. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 37: 331–337, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10910
Slant 45° beam steering using a capacitive loaded patch antenna
Authors: Li R. L. , Fusco V. F. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractIn this paper we suggest a method for loading a microstrip patch antenna with two capacitive reactances in such a way that beam steering over a restricted range can be obtained. We show that by varying these capacitances we can maintain a reasonable VSWR < 3 while steering the beam over about 45° in a cut positioned at ϕ = 135° (slant −45° linear polarisation). Such an antenna offers the prospect for refinement as an element in a thinned array for use in a base station array. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 37: 352–355, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10915
Broadband dual‐polarization stacked microstrip antennas for Bluetooth applications
Authors: Chen Zhi Ning , See T. S. P. , Chia M. Y. W. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractIn this paper, a novel linear dual‐polarized stacked microstrip antenna that operates well within the ISM band (2.40–2.4835 GHz) for Bluetooth applications is experimentally presented. The square patch of the microstrip antenna is fed diagonally by a microstrip line. Another square patch with a superstrate is stacked above the corner‐fed patch in order to increase the operating bandwidth. The impedance and radiation characteristics of the optimized antenna configuration are presented, with variations of the sizes of the top and bottom patches and the spacing between the patches. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 37: 364–366, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10919
Simple model to study some properties of H trapped in solids
Authors: Marin J. L. , Campoy G. , Riera R. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractA simple model for the hydrogen atom trapped in a crystalline matrix is presented in this work. The model assumes the atom to be confined within a spherical cavity with impenetrable walls and the nucleus placed off the center of symmetry of the confining sphere. Because the corresponding Schrödinger equation for this system is nonseparable, we use a variational approach to study some physical properties such as the binding energy, dipole moment, and hyperfine splitting. Despite the crudeness of this model, some experimental data recently reported can be accounted, at least on qualitative grounds, thus giving some reliability to our proposal. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 93: 271–274, 2003
Announcing the winner of the IJGO Prize Paper Award for 1999
Authors: Guidozzi F 
Published: April 2003

AbstractObjective: To determine whether estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) adversely affected outcome of breast cancer survivors. Method: A prospective descriptive study of all breast cancer survivors who requested ERT because of intractable menopausal symptoms. All patients presented voluntarily as gynecological outpatients and were all given oral continuous opposed ERT: 20 premarin and medroxyprogesterone and four tibolone. Results: Twenty‐four patients who had previously been treated for breast cancer 8–91 months prior to their initiating ERT have been observed for 24–44 months. There were 15 patients with stage 1, eight with stage 2 and one with stage 4 breast cancer. The mean age of the patients at commencement of ERT was 48 years (range 42–161). Two patients had a biopsy of a suspicious breast nodule: both of which were benign. There have not been any recurrences to date. Conclusion: Breast cancer survivors did not have their outcome adversely affected by ERT during an observation period of 24–44 months.
Ultrasound guided aspiration of endometrioma — a new therapeutic modality to improve reproductive outcome
Authors: Mittal S , Kumar S , Kumar A , Verma A 
Published: April 2003

AbstractObjective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and reproductive outcome following ultrasound guided aspiration (UGA) of endometrioma in infertile patients. Method: This is a prospective non‐randomized clinical report of UGA in 22 infertile patients with endometrioma. The aspiration of endometriotic cysts was carried out transvaginally in nine and transabdominally in 13 patients. Following aspiration intranasal buserilin was given to eight and danazol to 14 patients. In the case of recurrence a reaspiration was done. Patients were allowed to conceive following medical therapy. Recurrence of endometrioma and conception rate was recorded and correlated with endometrioma size and volume aspirated. Result: A total of 47 aspirations were done. There were no procedure related complications. Reaspiration was required in six patients and one was operated (total recurrence 7/22 — 31.8%). During a mean follow‐up of 20±8.4 months nine patients (40.9%) conceived and eight have already delivered at term. The recurrence risk and the conception rate was not affected by the cyst size or volume aspirated. Conclusion: UGA of endometrioma can be an effective and safe alternative therapeutic procedure in infertile patients with endometrioma to improve their reproductive outcome.
Hysteroscopy and transvaginal ultrasonography in postmenopausal women with uterine bleeding
Authors: Garuti G , Sambruni I , Cellani F , Garzia D , Alleva P , Luerti M 
Published: April 2003

AbstractObjective: To evaluate the accuracy of hysteroscopy and transvaginal ultrasonography (TU), based on a histopathological report from endometrial specimens, in diagnosing endometrial pathology in menopausal women with uterine bleeding. Methods: Four‐hundred and nineteen postmenopausal women with uterine bleeding underwent TU, hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy. Hysteroscopic and sonographic findings have been evaluated on the basis of the final diagnosis established by histologic examination. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of TU at an endometrial thickness cut‐off point of 4 and 8 mm (double layer technique) and of panoramic hysteroscopy have been detected. Results: Normal and abnormal endometrium was found in 222 and in 197 women, respectively. TU showed sensitivity of 95.1%, specificity of 54.8% and positive predictive value of 63.7% at a cut‐off limit of 4 mm. With a cut‐off limit of 8 mm the corresponding figures were 83.8%, 81.3% and 79.4%. Hysteroscopy demonstrated a sensitivity of 96.5%, specificity of 93.6% and positive predictive value of 92.6%. The combination of the two diagnostic tools showed a 100% sensitivity, 94.8% specificity and 93.3% positive predictive value. Conclusions: With cut‐off limit of 4 mm, TU can be considered the first choice modality of endometrial investigation in women with postmenopausal uterine bleeding to select patients at risk to carry endometrial pathology. Hysteroscopy is a more accurate technique than TU because of better specificity and must be indicated for all patients showing an endometrial strip more than 4 mm. When an endometrial thickness below 4 mm is detected by ultrasound, hysteroscopy may be indicated on clinical background because of the possibility to miss infrequent (2.5% in our series), but relevant endometrial pathologies. Endometrial sampling should follow hysteroscopic view in all cases showing abnormal or suspicious lesions as well as in all cases with irregularly shaped endometrial lining and/or suboptimal endoscopic vision.
Human rights and abortion laws
Authors: Cook R.J , Dickens B.M 
Published: April 2003

AbstractHuman rights protections have developed to resist governmental intrusion in private life and choices. Abortion laws have evolved in legal practice to protect not fetuses as such but state interests, particularly in prenatal life. National and international tribunals are increasingly called upon to resolve conflicts between state enforcement of continuation of pregnancy against women's wishes and women's reproductive choices. Legal recognition that human life begins at conception does not resolve conflicts between respect due to women's reproductive self‐determination and due to prenatal life. Human rights protect healthcare providers' claims to conscientious objection, but not at the cost of women's lives and enduring health.
Molecular prenatal diagnosis of thalassemia in Taiwan
Authors: Chern Schu‐Rern , Chen Chih‐Ping 
Published: April 2003

AbstractObjective: Thalassemia is a highly prevalent genetic disorder in Taiwan. The major goal of this study was to present a feasible protocol for the prenatal diagnosis of thalassemia. Method: Prenatal investigation of thalassemia was performed on 57 at‐risk cases at the Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. We developed a method using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and high‐throughput DNA sequencing to detect mutations. All diagnoses were confirmed after delivery. Result: Prenatal testing revealed 16 normal fetuses, 24 α‐thal‐1 carriers, eight Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis, seven β‐thalassemia minor, and two β‐thalassemia major fetuses. No false‐positive or false‐negative cases were found during the postnatal follow‐ups. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that prenatal diagnosis of thalassemia syndromes in Taiwan is successful with the use of a rapid and accurate molecular method.
Long-term, predation-based control of a central-west North Sea zooplankton community
Authors: Clark Robin A , Frid Chris L.J , Nicholas Kirsty R 
Published: April 2003

Abstract
Long-term monitoring of the zooplankton community at a station 5.5 miles from the English coast in the central-west North Sea has been performed since 1968. Analyses of these data have revealed an inverse relationship between annual total zooplankton abundance and the position of the Gulf Stream North Wall (GSNW). This long-term relationship is opposite to the long-term positive association observed between the GSNW and total zooplankton abundances throughout most of the oceanic NE Atlantic region and the northern and central North Sea using Continuous Plankton Recorder data.
This study investigates the mechanism behind the inverse relationship with the GSNW, focussing on the importance of zooplankton predators in influencing long-term changes in the zooplankton community of the central-west North Sea. The results suggest that the dominant zooplankton predator Sagitta elegans plays a key role in mediating spring copepod population growth rates and thus their maximum and overall productivity during any one particular year. In turn, the abundance of Sagitta during the spring appears to be related to climatic factors. The implications of this on the zooplankton community are discussed.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors yield additional antiplatelet protection in patients with congestive heart failure treated with antecedent aspirin
Authors: Serebruany V.L. , Glassman A.H. , Malinin A.I. , Atar D. , Sane D.C. , Oshrine B.R. , Ferguson J.J. , O'Connor C.M. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractClinical depression has been identified as an independent risk factor for increased mortality in patients with coronary artery disease. Enhanced platelet activity has been suggested as the mechanism responsible for this adverse association. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are known to inhibit platelets in patients undergoing coronary stenting. We sought to determine whether concomitant therapy with SSRIs would yield additional anti‐platelet benefit in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) already treated with antecedent aspirin. A total of 88 patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40% or CHF symptoms in the setting of preserved systolic function and NYHA Class II–IV were analyzed. Of these, 23 patients (26%) were chronic SSRI users (SSRI+), and 65 patients were free from SSRI therapy (SSRI−). All patients received aspirin (325 mg) for at least 1 month prior to platelet studies. Platelets were assessed by aggregometry, flow cytometry and a rapid analyzer. The SSRI+ group exhibited a substantial decrease in platelet activity when compared with SSRI− patients, as manifested by a significant reduction in ADP‐ (P=0.001), and collagen‐induced (P=0.02) aggregation, and the expression of PECAM‐1 (P=0.03), GPIb (P=0.03), GP IIb/IIIa antigen (P=0.02) and GP IIb/IIIa activity with PAC‐1 antibody (P=0.04) and P‐selectin (P=0.02). Therapy with SSRIs also resulted in the reduced formation of platelet–leukocyte microparticles (P=0.01). Epinephrine‐induced aggregation in plasma, collagen‐induced whole blood aggregation, closure time and expression of vitronectin receptor, CD63, CD107a, CD107b and CD151 did not differ between groups. In patients with CHF already on aspirin, SSRI therapy was associated with further inhibition of platelet function. This observation may help to explain some of the clinical benefits associated with SSRI therapy. Further clinical trials may help to elucidate the potential outcome benefits of SSRIs in other potential thrombotic circumstances.
Nutritional influences on some major enteric bacterial diseases of pig
Authors: Pluske John R , Pethick David W , Hopwood Deborah E , Hampson David J 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThere are several enteric bacterial diseases and conditions of pigs that require control to prevent overt disease, to reduce morbidity and mortality, and to improve the efficiency of production. Traditionally, veterinarians, feed manufacturers and producers have relied upon antibiotics and minerals (for example, ZnO, CuSO4) in diets for a large part of this control. However, recent trends, particularly in Europe, are to reduce antimicrobial use and seek alternative or replacement strategies for controlling enteric bacterial diseases. The majority of these strategies rely on ‘nutrition’, taken in its broadest sense, to reduce the susceptibility of pigs to these diseases. Evidence to date suggests that specific dietary interventions, for example feeding very highly-digestible diets based on cooked white rice, can reduce the proliferation of a number of specific enteric bacterial infections, such as post-weaning colibacillosis. No simple and universal way to reduce susceptibility to pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract has been identified, and the underlying basis for many of the reported positive effects of ‘nutrition’ on controlling enteric infections lacks robust, scientific understanding. This makes it difficult to recommend dietary guidelines to prevent or reduce enteric bacterial diseases. Furthermore, some diseases, such as porcine intestinal spirochaetosis caused byBrachyspira pilosicoli, are sometimes associated with other pathogens (co-infections). In such cases, each pathogen might have different nutrient requirements, ecological niches and patterns of metabolism for which a variety of dietary interventions are needed to ameliorate the disease. Greater understanding of how ‘nutrition’ influences gut epithelial biology and immunobiology, and their interactions with both commensal and pathogenic bacteria, holds promise as a means of tackling enteric disease without antimicrobial agents. In addition, it is important to consider the overall system (i.e. management, housing, welfare) of pig production in the context of controlling enteric bacterial diseases.
Evaluation of the Effects of Strain-Specific Antigen Variation on the Accuracy of Serologic Diagnosis of
Helicobacter pylori
Infection
Authors: Marchildon Patrice A. , Sugiyama Toshiro , Fukada Yoshihiro , Peacock Jeffrey S. , Asaka Masahiro , Shimoyama Takashi , Graham David Y. 
Published: April 2003

ABSTRACT

It has been suggested that enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits validated in one region may yield variable diagnostic performance results in different regions, possibly due to strain-specific differences in antibody responses in different populations. We tested
13
C-urea breath test-characterized serum samples from 109 U.S. patients and 288 Japanese patients using enzyme immunoassay with different preparations of high-molecular-weight cell-associated (HM-CAP) antigens that are conserved across
Helicobacter pylori
strains. Replicate antigens were prepared from five
H. pylori
clinical isolates. Eight antigen preparations were evaluated: two of U.S. origin and six of Japanese origin. The accuracies achieved with the eight antigen preparations ranged from 94.4 to 96.3% with the U.S. samples. With the Japanese samples the accuracies achieved ranged from 92.3 to 97.2%. Use of a pool of HM-CAP antigens prepared from isolates from Japan resulted in a higher median enzyme immunoassay value and slightly fewer samples with indeterminate results compared to the results obtained by use of the U.S. standard HM-CAP antigen for
H. pylori
-positive patients (accuracies, 97.2 and 92.3%, respectively), suggesting that variations in performance between both antigen source and patient population might be reduced by using antigens pooled from several strains.
Molecular Analysis of
Staphylococcus aureus
Blood Isolates Shows Lack of Polyclonal Bacteremia
Authors: Khatib Riad , Sharma Mamta , Naqvi S. Anwar H. , Riederer Kathleen , Almoujahed Mohammed O. , Fakih Mohamad G. 
Published: April 2003

ABSTRACT

Molecular analysis of the first blood culture from 41 patients with
Staphylococcus aureus
bacteremia and 20 bacteremia-associated catheter tip isolates revealed indistinguishable blood colonies in 39 patients (95.1%) and two related variants in two patients (4.9%). Polyclonal bacteremia was not observed in any patient, including four with genetic diversity in the catheter tip isolate.
Survival of Six Auxotypes of
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
in Transport Media
Authors: Wade J. J. , Graver M. A. 
Published: April 2003

ABSTRACT
The survival in transport media of 30 strains of gonococci was determined. These strains comprised five distinguishable strains of each of six auxotypes. Survival of different auxotypes varied significantly, but this variability was reduced by charcoal. Delayed swab processing could yield isolates unrepresentative of those causing infection in a sampled patient population.
Insights Into Formation and Growth of Colloidal Multielement Alloy Nanoparticles in Solution through In Situ Liquid Cell TEM Study
Authors: Amiri Azadeh , Yurkiv Vitaliy , Phakatkar Abhijit H. , Shokuhfar Tolou , Shahbazian‐Yassar Reza 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe nucleation and growth of nanoparticles are critical processes determining the size, shape, and properties of resulting nanoparticles. However, understanding the complex mechanisms guiding the formation and growth of colloidal multielement alloy nanoparticles remains incomplete due to the involvement of multiple elements with different properties. This study investigates in situ colloidal synthesis of multielement alloys using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in a liquid cell. Two different pathways for nanoparticle formation in a solution containing Au, Pt, Ir, Cu, and Ni elements, resulting in two distinct sets of particles are observed. One set exhibits high Au and Cu content, ranging from 10 to 30 nm, while the other set is multi‐elemental, with Pt, Cu, Ir, and Ni, all less than 4 nm. The findings suggest that, besides element miscibility, metal ion characteristics, particularly reduction rates, and valence numbers, significantly impact particle composition during early formation stages. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations confirm differences in nanoparticle composition and surface properties collectively influence the unique growth behaviors in each nanoparticle set. This study illuminates mechanisms underlying the formation and growth of multielement nanoparticles by emphasizing factors responsible for chemical separation and effects of interplay between composition, surface energies, and element miscibility on final nanoparticles size and structure.
Tea‐Derived Sustainable Materials
Authors: He Qishan , Chen Huixin , Chen Xing , Zheng Juanjuan , Que Lanfang , Yu Fuda , Zhao Junhui , Xie Yiming , Huang Miaoliang , Lu Canzhong , Meng Jiashen , Zhang Xingcai 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe practical application of hard carbon in sodium‐ion batteries is limited by insufficient reversible capacity and low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE), which are caused by the lack of active sites and unstable electrode/electrolyte interface. Herein, a biomass‐derived hard carbon material based on tea stems is proposed, which exhibits an ultrahigh ICE of 90.8%. This remarkable ICE is attributed to the presence of an inorganic‐rich, thin, and robust solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer. Furthermore, the material demonstrates excellent cycling stability, showing a capacity retention of 99.5% after 500 cycles at 280 mA g−1. Additionally, when it works as the anode material in a sodium‐ion full cell without presodiation, it reaches a high energy density of 212 Wh kg−1 and a superior stability, e.g., retaining 93.1 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 1 A g−1 with a capacity retention of 91.3%. The sodium storage capacity of this material is primarily attributed to a combined adsorption‐intercalation/filling effect as confirmed by in situ XRD and ex situ Raman analyses. These findings make this biomass‐derived hard carbon material a promising candidate for commercial application of sodium‐ion batteries, achieving high performance at low cost.
Inhibiting the Keap1/Nrf2 Protein‐Protein Interaction with Protein‐Like Polymers
Authors: Carrow Kendal P. , Hamilton Haylee L. , Hopps Madeline P. , Li Yang , Qiao Baofu , Payne N. Connor , Thompson Matthew P. , Zhang Xiaoyu , Magassa Assa , Fattah Mara , Agarwal Shivangi , Vincent Michael P. , Buyanova Marina , Bertin Paul A. , Mazitschek Ralph , Olvera de la Cruz Monica , Johnson Delinda A. , Johnson Jeffrey A. , Gianneschi Nathan C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSuccessful and selective inhibition of the cytosolic protein‐protein interaction (PPI) between nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Kelch‐like ECH‐associating protein 1 (Keap1) can enhance the antioxidant response, with the potential for a therapeutic effect in a range of settings including in neurodegenerative disease (ND). Small molecule inhibitors have been developed, yet many have off‐target effects, or are otherwise limited by poor cellular permeability. Peptide‐based strategies have also been attempted to enhance specificity, yet face challenges due to susceptibility to degradation and lack of cellular penetration. Herein, these barriers are overcome utilizing a polymer‐based proteomimetics. The protein‐like polymer (PLP) consists of a synthetic, lipophilic polymer backbone displaying water soluble Keap1‐binding peptides on each monomer unit forming a brush polymer architecture. The PLPs are capable of engaging Keap1 and displacing the cellular protective transcription factor Nrf2, which then translocates to the nucleus, activating the antioxidant response element (ARE). PLPs exhibit increased Keap1 binding affinity by several orders of magnitude compared to free peptides, maintain serum stability, are cell‐penetrant, and selectively activate the ARE pathway in cells, including in primary cortical neuronal cultures. Keap1/Nrf2‐inhibitory PLPs have the potential to impact the treatment of disease states associated with dysregulation of oxidative stress, such as NDs.