bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncertainty-driven generation of neutrosophic random variates from the Weibull distribution
Authors: Aslam Muhammad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective
This paper aims to introduce an algorithm designed for generating random variates in situations characterized by uncertainty.

Method
The paper outlines the development of two distinct algorithms for producing both minimum and maximum neutrosophic data based on the Weibull distribution.

Results
Through comprehensive simulations, the efficacy of these algorithms has been thoroughly assessed. The paper includes tables presenting neutrosophic random data and an in-depth analysis of how uncertainty impacts these values.

Conclusion
The study's findings demonstrate a noteworthy correlation between the degree of uncertainty and the neutrosophic minimum and maximum data. As uncertainty intensifies, these values exhibit a tendency to decrease.
The effect of inspiratory rise time on mechanical power calculations in pressure control ventilation: dynamic approach
Authors: Acicbe Özlem , Özgür Canan Yazıcı , Rahimi Payam , Canan Emral , Aşar Sinan , Çukurova Zafer 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Mechanical power may serve as a valuable parameter for predicting ventilation-induced injury in mechanically ventilated patients. Over time, several equations have been developed to calculate power in both volume control ventilation (VCV) and pressure control ventilation (PCV). Among these equations, the linear model mechanical power equation (MPLM) closely approximates the reference method when applied in PCV. The dynamic mechanical power equation (MPdyn) computes power by utilizing the ventilatory work of breathing parameter (WOBv), which is automatically measured by the mechanical ventilator. In our study, conducted in patients with Covid-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (C-ARDS), we calculated mechanical power using both the MPLM and MPdyn equations, employing different inspiratory rise times (Tslope) at intervals of 5%, ranging from 5 to 20% and compared the obtained results.

Results
In our analysis, we used univariate linear regression at both I:E ratios of 1:2 and 1:1, considering all Tslope values. These analyses revealed that the MPdyn and MPLM equations exhibited strong correlations, with R2 values exceeding 0.96. Furthermore, our Bland–Altman analysis, which compared the power values derived from the MPdyn and MPLM equations for patient averages and all measurements, revealed a mean difference of −0.42 ± 0.41 J/min (equivalent to 2.6% ± 2.3%, p < 0.0001) and −0.39 ± 0.57 J/min (equivalent to 3.6% ± 3.5%, p < 0.0001), respectively. While there was a statistically significant difference between the equations in both absolute value and relative proportion, this difference was not considered clinically relevant. Additionally, we observed that each 5% increase in Tslope time corresponded to a decrease in mechanical power values by approximately 1 J/min.

Conclusions
The differences between mechanical power values calculated using the MPdyn and MPLM equations at various Tslope durations were determined to lack clinical significance. Consequently, for practical and continuous mechanical power estimation in Pressure-Controlled Ventilation (PCV) mode, the MPdyn equation presents itself as a viable option. It is important to note that as Tslope times increased, the calculated mechanical power exhibited a clinically relevant decrease.
Allogeneic versus autogenous shell technique augmentation procedures: a prospective-observational clinical trial comparing surgical time and complication rates
Authors: Tunkel Jochen , Hoffmann Frederik , Schmelcher Yannik , Kloss-Brandstätter Anita , Kämmerer Peer W. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Autogenous and allogeneic blocks for shell augmentation of the jaw have shown comparable results. This observational clinical study aimed to compare both materials for shell augmentation concerning surgery time and intra- and postoperative complications.

Material and methods
Bone augmentation with the shell technique using autogenous or allogenous bone was performed in 117 patients with segmental jaw atrophy. The primary study parameter was the surgical time, comparing both materials. Subsequently, intra- and postoperative complications were recorded.

Results
Allogeneic (n = 60), autogenous (n = 52), or both materials (n = 5) were used. The use of allogeneic material led to a significantly shorter operation time (p < 0.001). A more experienced surgeon needed significantly less time than a less experienced surgeon (p < 0.001). An increasing number of bone shells (p < 0.001), an additional sinus floor elevation, and intraoperative complications also significantly increased the operation time (p = 0.001). Combining allogeneic and autogenous shells (p = 0.02) and simultaneous sinus floor elevation (p = 0.043) significantly impacted intraoperative complications. No correlations were found between the included variables for postoperative complications (all p > 0.05). In total, 229 implants were inserted after a healing time of 4–6 months, with a survival of 99.6% after a mean follow-up duration of 9 months.

Conclusions
Compared to the autogenous technique, allogeneic shell augmentation has a shorter surgical time and a similar rate of intra- and postoperative complications as autogenous bone. Together with its promising clinical results, this technique can be recommended.

Graphical Abstract
Exploratory assessment of right ventricular structure and function during prolonged endurance cycling exercise
Authors: Lord Rachel N. , Adams Zoe H. , George Keith , Somauroo John , Jones Helen , Oxborough David 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
A reduction in right ventricular (RV) function during recovery from prolonged endurance exercise has been documented alongside RV dilatation. A relative elevation in pulmonary artery pressure and therefore RV afterload during exercise has been implicated in this post-exercise dysfunction but has not yet been demonstrated. The current study aimed to assess RV structure and function and pulmonary artery pressure before, during and after a 6-h cycling exercise bout.

Methods
Eight ultra-endurance athletes were recruited for this study. Participants were assessed prior to exercise supine and seated, during exercise at 2, 4 and 6 h whilst cycling seated at 75% maximum heart rate, and post-exercise in the supine position. Standard 2D, Doppler and speckle tracking echocardiography were used to determine indices of RV size, systolic and diastolic function.

Results
Heart rate and RV functional parameters increased from baseline during exercise, however RV structural parameters and indices of RV systolic and diastolic function were unchanged between in-exercise assessment points. Neither pulmonary artery pressures (26 ± 9 mmHg vs 17 ± 10 mmHg, P > 0.05) nor RV wall stress (7.1 ± 3.0 vs 6.2 ± 2.4, P > 0.05) were significantly elevated during exercise. Despite this, post-exercise measurements revealed RV dilation (increased RVD1 and 3), and reduced RV global strain (− 21.2 ± 3.5 vs − 23.8 ± 2.3, P = 0.0168) and diastolic tissue velocity (13.8 ± 2.5 vs 17.1 ± 3.4, P = 0.019) vs pre-exercise values.

Conclusion
A 6 h cycling exercise bout at 75% maximum heart rate did not alter RV structure, systolic or diastolic function assessments during exercise. Pulmonary artery pressures are not elevated beyond normal limits and therefore RV afterload is unchanged throughout exercise. Despite this, there is some evidence of RV dilation and altered function in post-exercise measurements.
Therapeutic communication and the course of the postoperative period
Authors: Motyka Marek Roman , Szufnarowska Elżbieta , Dutka Julian 
Published: December 2023

Cel pracyCelem przeprowadzonych badań była ocena efektów, jakich w stresogennej sytuacji medycznej, związanej z poważnym zabiegiem chirurgicznym dostarcza komunikacja terapeutyczna z pacjentem.MetodaBadaniem objęto 60 pacjentów oddziału ortopedyczno-urazowego, u których wykonano zabieg wszczepienia endoprotezy stawu kolanowego (51 kobiet i 9 mężczyzn). 30 osób zakwalifikowano do grupy eksperymentalnej, a 30 do grupy kontrolnej. W grupie eksperymentalnej poza standardowym postępowaniem miała miejsce dodatkowa, wspierająca rozmowa doświadczonej pielęgniarki z każdym z pacjentów. Grupę kontrolną przygotowywano w sposób standardowy. W badaniu wykorzystano analizę dokumentacji medycznej oraz autorski kwestionariusz ankiety.WynikiStwierdzono lepsze efekty postępowania terapeutycznego w przypadku, gdy łączy się ono z komunikacją zawierającą informacyjne i emocjonalne wsparcie oraz empatię. W grupie eksperymentalnej zaobserwowano spadek zużycia leków przeciwbólowych i uspokajających oraz szybszy powrót do sprawności. Zaobserwowano także zdecydowanie lepsze samopoczucie, większe zadowolenie z opieki pielęgniarskiej oraz wyższą, ogólną ocenę oddziału.WnioskiUmiejętne łączenie prawidłowego postępowania medycznego z terapeutycznie zorientowaną komunikacją zawierającą znaczny stopień emocjonalnego wsparcia i empatii poprawia przebieg okresu pooperacyjnego u pacjentów poddawanych zabiegom z zakresu chirurgii ortopedycznej.
Wskazane jest prowadzenie i rozwijanie szkoleń personelu medycznego ukierunkowanych na doskonalenie terapeutycznego kontaktu z pacjentami.
Underrepresented and Excluded from the Public Sphere: Women of Solidarity in Polish History Textbooks
Authors: Hejwosz-Gromkowska Daria , Hildebrandt-Wypych Dobrochna 
Published: December 2023

The paper aims to analyze the Solidarity movement’s textbook narratives, focusing on women’s representation in the history textbooks used in upper-secondary schools between 1991-2018. Quantitative methods were used to measure different categories of historical figures (men/women) in terms of their frequency and textual space. To explore the values and ideologies embedded in the textbook narratives of Solidarity, the study was guided by the qualitative approach and the critical discourse analysis of both verbal and visual texts. Women consequently remain outside the historical narrative of Solidarity as a marginalized group. Stereotypical images and underrepresentation of women in history textbooks provide a distorted version of social reality, acknowledging that political and social activism belongs to the public sphere occupied by men. Moreover, it reproduces the view that women do not belong to the public sphere and cannot be leaders because they are positioned in the private sphere. From the perspective of citizenship education, such a strand reproduces or/and reinforces social inequalities.
An Efficient Global Optimal Method for Cardinality Constrained Portfolio Optimization
Authors: Xu Wei , Tang Jie , Yiu Ka Fai Cedric , Peng Jian Wen 
Published: December 2023

This paper focuses on the cardinality constrained mean-variance portfolio optimization, in which only a small number of assets are invested. We first treat the covariance matrix of asset returns as a diagonal matrix with a special matrix processing technique. Using the dual theory, we formulate the lower bound problem of the original problem as a max-min optimization. For the inner minimization problem with the cardinality constraint, we obtain its analytical solution for the portfolio weights. Then, the lower bound problem turns out to be a simple concave optimization with respect to the Lagrangian multipliers. Thus, the interval split method and the supergradient method are developed to solve it. Based on the precise lower bound, the depth-first branch and bound method are designed to find the global optimal investment selection strategy. Compared with other lower bounds and the current popular mixed integer programming solvers, such as CPLEX and SCIP, the numerical experiments show that our method has a high searching efficiency. History: Accepted by Pascal Van Hentenryck, Area Editor for Computational Modeling: Methods & Analysis. Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 12101317, 12271071, and 11991024], the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [Grant BK20200819], the Team Project of Innovation Leading Talent in Chongqing [Grant CQYC20210309536], the Contract System Project of Chongqing Talent Plan [Grant cstc2022ycjh-bgzxm0147], and the Philosophy and Social Science Fund of Education Department of Jiangsu Province [Grant 2020SJA0168]. K.F.C. Yiu is supported in part by the Research Grants Council of Hong Hong [Grant PolyU 15223419], the Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Grants 4-ZZPT and 1-WZ0E], and the Research Centre for Quantitative Finance [Grant 1-CE03]. Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0344 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2022.0344 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
Compact all-optical half adder based on topology optimization
Authors: Chen Houyu , Li Jin , Cheng Lirong , Zhao Caiyue , Liu Xuanyi , Li Qian , Fu H. Y. 
Published: December 2023

We proposed an inverse-designed compact half adder on a silicon-on-insulator platform with a footprint of 2µm×2µm. The optical power of SUM and CARRY is controlled by different input combinations, according to the truth table of a half adder. Topology optimization is applied to cope with multiple objective functions in such a combinational logic circuit. The transmittance at 1550 nm for CARRY with 11 input is 170.2%, with extinction ratios (ERs) of 27.1 and 5.8 dB for SUM and CARRY, respectively. The SUM and CARRY outputs have ERs over 22.0 dB and 5.7 dB from 1515 nm to 1600 nm. Phase condition and morphology analysis show that the device has high tolerance on phase fluctuation and fabrication. The proposed device with compact footprint, low insertion loss, and large bandwidth presents a novel, to the best of our knowledge, approach to achieve all-optical combinational logic circuits with inverse design.
Exploring patients’ experiences with telehealth in obstetrics care during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Authors: Alkawaldeh Mohammad , Alkhawaldeh Asma , Yeboah Tracy 
Published: December 2023

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate patients’ experiences with telehealth provision of obstetrics and gynecology care during the COVID-19 pandemic qualitatively.

Design and setting
In this study, a qualitative research design, namely descriptive phenomenology, was employed. Participants were recruited from the OB department at UMass Memorial Medical center in Worcester, MA, between 6/2020 and 7/2020.

Methods
Between June 2020 and July 2020, in-depth interviews were conducted with 18 women receiving care at the Obstetrics and Maternal and Fetal Medicine clinics. Data were analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis, as outlined by Braun and Clarke.

Results
Telehealth is a feasible and safe health-care tool that is available during these unprecedented times. This study provided qualitative evidence based on patients’ perspectives and experiences. Participants’ meanings in relation to their experiences of using telehealth services emerged from the data in four themes: the overall experience of using modern telehealth platforms, telehealth and its perceived benefits, telehealth and its perceived challenges, and telehealth and its potential future use.

Conclusion
While this study highlights areas in telehealth implementation that require improvement, the overall positive experiences and consistent perceived benefits of most participants suggests that telehealth can be an important tool in healthcare delivery for appropriate patients and situations moving forward in a post-pandemic world.

Impact
During the global pandemic, telehealth has been recognized to have the potential to play a critical role in healthcare delivery. Establishing qualitative evidence-based practices in the emerging field of telehealth for OB services is pivotal to mitigate potential safety, feasibility, and cost issues that could be associated with the rapid adoption of telehealth. Yet, this qualitative study However highlighted several challenges that are necessary to be addressed in order for telehealth to meet maximum effectiveness and functionality in the future.
Understanding the value of brain donation for research to donors, next-of-kin and clinicians: A systematic review
Authors: Griffin Cassandra P. , Bowen Jenna R. , Walker Marjorie M. , Lynam James , Paul Christine L. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
Post-mortem brain donation affords the opportunity to characterise disease by exploring global neuropathological changes. Such opportunities are essential to progress knowledge of CNS tumours such as Glioblastoma. A comprehensive understanding of the experience of consenting to brain donation is crucial to maximising consent rates while providing patient-centred care. This review aimed to synthesise the reported facilitators and barriers according to potential donors, next-of-kin (NOK) and clinician respondents.

Design
Database searches included Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioural Science and Scopus. Search terms focused on motivations, attitudes and psychosocial experiences of brain donation. Exclusions included organ transplantation and brain death. All studies were assessed for quality and validity using tools from the Joanna Briggs Institute. To determine perceptions of benefit and harm, a method guided by the thematic analysis of Braun and Clarke was employed to reflexively assess and identify common themes and experiences.

Results
40 studies (15 qualitative, 25 quantitative) were included involving participants with paediatric cancer, neurodegenerative and psychological diseases. Perceptions of benefit included benefit to future generations, aiding scientific research, avoidance of waste, improved treatments and the belief that donation will bring consolation or aid in the grieving process. Perceptions of harm included a perceived conflict with religious beliefs, disfigurement to the donor, emotional distress at the time of autopsy and discord or objections within the family.

Conclusion
Brain donation can afford a sense of purpose, meaning and empowerment for donors and their loved ones. Careful strategies are required to mitigate or reduce potential harms during the consent process.
Risk stratification in patients with structurally normal hearts: Does fibrosis type matter?
Authors: Gil Katarzyna E. , Mikrut Katarzyna , Mazur Jan , Black Ann Lowery , Truong Vien T. , Smart Suzanne , Zareba Karolina M. 
Published: December 2023

Objectives
The study sought to assess the prognostic significance of nonischemic myocardial fibrosis (MF) on cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR)–both macroscopic MF assessed by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and diffuse microscopic MF quantified by extracellular volume fraction (ECV)–in patients with structurally normal hearts.

Background
The clinical relevance of tissue abnormalities identified by CMR in patients with structurally normal hearts remains unclear.

Methods
Consecutive patients undergoing CMR were screened for inclusion to identify those with LGE imaging and structurally normal hearts. ECV was calculated in patients with available T1 mapping. The associations between myocardial fibrosis and the outcomes of all-cause mortality, new-onset heart failure [HF], and an arrhythmic outcome were evaluated.

Results
In total 525 patients (mean age 43.1±14.2 years; 30.5% males) were included. Over a median follow-up of 5.8 years, 13 (2.5%) patients died and 18 (3.4%) developed new-onset HF. Nonischemic midwall /subepicardial LGE was present in 278 (52.9%) patients; isolated RV insertion fibrosis was present in 80 (15.2%) patients. In 276 patients with available T1 mapping, the mean ECV was 25.5 ± 4.4%. There was no significant association between LGE and all-cause mortality (HR: 1.36, CI: 0.42–4.42, p = 0.61), or new-onset HF (HR: 0.64, CI: 0.25–1.61, p = 0.34). ECV (per 1% increase) correlated with all-cause mortality (HR: 1.19, CI: 1.04–1.36, p = 0.009), but not with new-onset HF (HR: 0.97, CI: 0.86–1.10, p = 0.66). There was no significant association between arrhythmic outcomes and LGE (p = 0.60) or ECV (p = 0.49). In a multivariable model after adjusting for covariates, ECV remained significantly associated with all-cause mortality (HR per 1% increase in ECV: 1.26, CI: 1.06–1.50, p = 0.009).

Conclusion
Nonischemic LGE in patients with structurally normal hearts is common and does not appear to be associated with adverse outcomes, whereas elevated ECV is associated with all-cause mortality and may be an important risk stratification tool.
Price tag of glaucoma care is minor compared with the total direct and indirect costs of glaucoma: Results from nationwide survey and register data
Authors: Purola Petri K. M. , Taipale Joonas , Väätäinen Saku , Harju Mika , Koskinen Seppo V. P. , Uusitalo Hannu M. T. 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundThe estimations of the economic burden of glaucoma have focused on comparing different treatment modalities; hence, the total direct and indirect costs of glaucoma at population level are not well known.ObjectiveTo estimate the direct and indirect costs of glaucoma and its treatment in Finland.MethodsEconomic and glaucoma data were collected from the cross-sectional nationwide Health 2000 health examination survey linked to multiple national registers, which allowed a 13-year follow-up between 1999–2011 among survey participants. Direct costs covered eye- and non-eye-related hospitalizations and outpatient visits, outpatient health care services, and travel costs among participants aged 30 years or older, adjusted for age and sex. Indirect costs covered premature retirement and productivity losses among participants aged 30–64 years. Glaucoma patients (n= 192) were compared with non-glaucomatous population (n= 6,952).ResultsThe annual additional total direct costs were EUR 2,660/glaucoma patient, EUR 1,769/glaucoma patient with medication, and EUR 3,979/operated glaucoma patient compared with persons without glaucoma. The respective additional total indirect costs were EUR 4,288, EUR 3,246, and EUR 12,902 per year. In total, the additional annual direct and indirect expenditures associated with glaucoma in Finland were EUR 202 million (0.86% of total expenditures of health care) and EUR 71 million (0.03% of the Finnish gross domestic product) arising mainly from non-eye-related hospitalizations and productivity losses, respectively.ConclusionGlaucoma is associated with an increased health care consumption mainly due to non-eye-related health care, which can be explained by the vision loss as well as increased number of co-morbidities among glaucoma patients. Therefore, glaucoma constitutes a major economic burden for the health care system and society, highlighting the importance of early glaucoma interventions. The difference in direct and indirect costs between glaucoma treatment groups is explained by the uneven distribution of co-morbidities.