bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DOES STRESS MAKE YOU FEEL OLDER? A DAILY DIARY STUDY OF SUBJECTIVE AGING, STRESS, AND UPLIFTS IN TURKIYE
Authors: Can Reyyan , Neupert Shevaun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Subjective aging, how one perceives their age, is associated with psychological, emotional, and social well-being. Adults’ subjective perceptions of their age are malleable and can fluctuate on a daily basis, influenced by various life events such as experiencing stress or uplifts. We conducted a 14-day daily diary study to assess how subjective age and ageist attitudes are predicted by daily stressful events and uplifts in Turkey/Turkiye. 68 Turkish participants aged 50 to 90 years (M= 57) responded to subjective age, ageist attitudes, stress, and uplifts questionnaires every day. Multilevel model analyses indicated that individuals perceived themselves as emotionally and physically older on days when they encountered more stressors and fewer uplifting events. Additionally, on those days, participants reported that they looked and behaved older than their chronological ages. Uplifts corresponded negatively to ageist attitudes; individuals who experienced more uplifting events during the day had fewer negative judgments of aging. Taking age as a subjective construct, these results suggest that having fewer stressors in daily life changes people’s feelings about their aging process. In addition, involvement in uplifts can buffer ageist attitudes on a daily basis.
DAILY EXPERIENCES OF UPLIFTS, STRESSORS, AND SUBJECTIVE VIEWS ON AGING IN GERMANY
Authors: Kornadt Anna E 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
People’s subjective experience of aging can vary from day to day and is related to other experiences in people’s daily lives. While stressors have been previously investigated as predictors of subjective aging, less research has taken the role of positive events into account. We were thus interested in the relationship of daily stressors and uplifts on different indicators of daily subjective aging in later life. In a preliminary sample of N = 42 German adults aged 52 - 75 years, participants completed up to 14 daily-diary questionnaires on subjective age (single item and multidimensional) and ageist attitudes, daily stressors and uplifts. All variables showed significant within-person variability, with ICCs ranging from .24 (stressors) to .87 (ageist attitudes). Uplifts were related to daily subjective age: On days with more uplifts, people felt younger. Stressors were not related to subjective age and no relation was found with ageist attitudes for uplifts and stressors. Findings will be contextualized in a cross-cultural sample.
FEELING YOUNGER TODAY? THE ROLE OF MEANINGFUL AND FLOW-CONDUCIVE ACTIVITIES
Authors: Tse Dwight 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Given the conceptualization of subjective age being a construct that varies daily, one question naturally follows is whether doing particular activities may be associated with daily subjective age. Specifically, extrapolating from flow and vital engagement theory, we hypothesize that activities that are personally meaningful or flow-conducive (activities that are conducive to flow experience, a psychological state of simultaneously intense concentration and enjoyment) may be associated with older adults’ feeling younger on the day. In a 14-day diary study, participants residing in the United Kingdom reported their subjective age at the end of the day. They also identified the activity on which they spent most time during the day and reported their flow experience and perceived meaningfulness in the activity. With the initial data from a sample of N = 69 adults (age range: 50 to 83) who completed at least 7 daily surveys, we found that higher-than-usual (i.e., within-person) levels of both activity meaningfulness and flow experience were associated with feeling younger. These effects were robust even after controlling for daily stressors and uplifts. Interestingly, there was an interaction between within-person activity meaningfulness and flow experience, such that the effect of flow experience was stronger in activities with lower (vs. higher) levels of meaningfulness. Our findings provide preliminary support that doing personally meaningful and flow-conducive activities may be associated with feeling younger on the day, underscoring the possibility of activity-level behavioral change that influences subjective age.
WITHIN- AND BETWEEN-COUNTRY DIFFERENCES IN DAILY ASSOCIATION OF VIEWS OF AGING AND NEGATIVE AFFECT
Authors: Shrira Amit , Palgi Yuval , Neupert Shevaun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Few studies found cultural differences, both across and within countries, in the association between subjective views of aging (VoA) and psychological concomitants. However, a question remains whether such cultural differences exist on a daily level. We therefore examined cultural differences in daily covariation of VoA and negative affect (NA) within an Israeli sample (comparing Israeli Jews to Arabs) and between countries (comparing the Israeli sample to an American sample). The Israeli sample included 75 participants (age ranged 50 to 88, 36% Arabs). The American sample included 77 participants (age ranged 50 to 82). Participants reported subjective age, subjective accelerated aging, ageist attitudes, and NA across 14 days. Within-person variability ranged from 28% (ageist attitudes) to 52% (NA) of the total variance in the Israeli sample, and 26% (subjective age) to 38% (subjective accelerated aging) in the American sample. On days respondents felt younger, felt to be aging slower, or had less ageist attitudes, they also reported lower NA. Cross-level interactions showed that the associations of subjective age and subjective accelerated aging with NA were significantly stronger among Israeli Arabs (versus Israeli Jews) and significantly stronger in the Israeli sample (versus the American sample). The daily covariance between ageist attitudes and NA remained similar across cultural groups. These findings attest to the importance of taking a cultural perspective on daily relationships between VoA and psychological concomitants. Our talk will discuss potential explanations for the abovementioned cultural differences and similarities and will point to future directions in our Subjective AGES project.
AGING AND NUMERACY: A META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Best Ryan , Sadeqi Farima 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Numeracy, the ability to competently make use of numbers and numerical information, is a unique cognitive ability associated with diverse positive outcomes across the lifespan. Often included as a covariate in studies of cognitive aging, there is some scattered evidence of lower numeracy in older adults when compared to younger adults. Importantly, one longitudinal study found evidence of a quadratic decline in numeracy starting in later middle-age. The current study systematically reviews the literature on aging and numeracy as measured by one of three frequently implemented objective measures: the Lipkus numeracy scale (Lipkus et al., 2001), Weller et al.’s Rasch-based numeracy scale (2013), and the Berlin Numeracy Test (Cokely et al., 2012). Effect sizes were calculated from two types of studies: those including age as a categorical extreme group comparison variable or as a continuous variable from adult lifespan samples. Hedge’s g was computed as the effect size in the former studies and Pearson’s r was calculated as the effect size for the latter. For comparison across studies in a single random-effects model, Pearson’s r effect sizes were mathematically transformed into Hedge’s g’s. Type of sample (extreme group vs. adult lifespan) and age range were included in a second mixed-effects model to account for heterogeneity in effect sizes. Initial results show lower numeracy in older adults, but reduced effect size estimates in lifespan samples compared to those using extreme group comparisons. The implications for using linear estimates of effect size for the quadratic relationship between age and numeracy are discussed.
PERSPECTIVE-TAKING DECLINE IN OLDER ADULTS WITH AND WITHOUT SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE DECLINE
Authors: Yow W Quin , Ye Nina , Li Xiaoqian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD), a self-reported decline in cognitive function without objective cognitive decline, is an early risk marker of pathological aging (Jessen et al., 2020). Healthy older adults with SCD(+) were found to have lower objective cognition and increased rates of cognitive decline compared to those without SCD(-) (Morrison & Oliver, 2023). Cognitively-healthy older adults (OA) had shown a decline in perspective-taking abilities compared to younger adults (YA). However, little research has examined whether self-report SCD plays a role in such age-related declines. We examined age-related changes in perspective-taking abilities in OA with and without SCD vis-à-vis YA. Participants were 25 YA (Mage=22.44, range=20-27), 27 SCD- (Mage=68.67, range=60-77), and 20 SCD+ (Mage=66.55, range=60-72). OA were categorized as SCD-/SCD+ based on SCD-Questionnaire (Rami, 2014). SCD- and SCD+ groups were comparable in general cognition (Montreal Cognitive Assessment; p=.91). Participants completed the “owl” task assessing visual perspective-taking (VPT) and the “director” task assessing cognitive perspective-taking (CPT). Kruskal-Wallis tests revealed that YA outperformed OA (Zs&gt;3.52, ps&lt;.001) in VPT, with no significant difference between SCD- and SCD+ (Z=1.27, p=.21). Surprisingly, both YA and SCD+ were better than SCD- in CPT (Zs&gt;2.34, ps&lt;.04), and SCD+ did not differ significantly from YA (Z=0.02, p=.99). Our results suggest that while visual perspective-taking may decline with age regardless of SCD, cognitive perspective-taking may be preserved in older adults with SCD. SCD(+) may signal a hyperawareness of cognitive states in self and others, which in turn stimulate better cognitive perspective-taking. Implications of SCD on social cognition will be discussed.
THE CURRENT AND RETROSPECTIVE COGNITIVE RESERVE (2CR) SURVEY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH COGNITIVE AND MOOD MEASURES
Authors: Aichele Stephen , Borella Erika , Ghisletta Paolo , Carbone Elena 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Cognitive reserve (CR) is often assessed with surveys spanning demographic, lifestyle, and socio-behavioral variables. The role of both past and current life experiences on CR has, however, rarely been examined. We developed the Current and Retrospective Cognitive Reserve (2CR) survey to assess classical CR proxies (socio-economic status, engagement in leisure and social activities) and other dimensions of potential importance (family engagement, religious/spiritual activity) both currently (CRc; in later adulthood) and retrospectively (CRr; as recalled from younger adulthood). We administered the 2CR, measures of general cognitive functioning, working memory (WM), vocabulary, fluid reasoning, and depressive symptoms (DS) to 235 community-dwelling Italian adults (ages 55-90 years). We used exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to examine the 2CR latent structure, and we estimated correlations of its dimensions with cognitive abilities and DS. Analyses confirmed a three-level factor structure with two global CR factors (CRc and CRr) at the top level, dimensional CR factors (socio-economic status, family engagement, leisure activity, social engagement, and religious/spiritual activity) at mid-level, and observed items at the lowest level. Item-factor representations partially differed across CRc and CRr. Both CRc and CRr were positively correlated with measures of intelligence, WM, and DS. Associations with measures of intelligence were comparatively stronger for CRr, whereas associations of WM and DS were slightly stronger for CRc. The 2CR can be considered a reliable survey for assessing CR proxies within a multidimensional, “life stage-dependent” framework insofar as CRc are CRr closely related but also differently associated with intelligence, WM, and DS.
REVISITING THE TEACHING NURSING HOME: PRAGMATIC EVALUATION IN A REAL-WORLD SETTING
Authors: Degenholtz Howard 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Revisiting the Teaching Nursing Home (RTNH) is a renewal of the Teaching Nursing Home model pioneered in the 1980s, which found that creating partnerships between schools of nursing (SONs) and nursing homes (NHs) improved clinical outcomes. In its first two years, the RTNH initiative has fostered partnerships between three SONs and four NHs in Pennsylvania, and is planning to expand. The program is implementing the Institute for HealthCare Improvement Age-Friendly Health System “4Ms” quality improvement framework through an online learning network. The 4M quality improvement framework focuses on four evidence-based elements: Mobility, Mentation, Medication, and What Matters. In addition, the participating SONs are incorporating the 4Ms into curricula and clinical rotations. The evaluation will examine both implementation and outcomes for SONs and NHs. Measures include student competency, staff satisfaction and burnout, clinical process of care and resident outcomes. While some resident level measures can be extracted from the Minimum Data Set (MDS), others (deprescribing, rehabilitation goals, preference sensitive care) require access to the electronic medical record (EMR). The goal of this presentation is to describe the methodology for measuring the wide range of outcomes and to examine the performance of a synthetic comparison group to study overall quality using CASPAR data. We selected 1,764 similarly sized, non-profit NHs and conducted bivariate, and propensity score analysis to determine if the participating NHs were different on any observable characteristics. The findings suggest that the participating NHs were not statistically significantly different in terms of overall quality rating, staffing, or inspections.
DISPARITIES IN ELECTION, ACCESS, AND OUTCOMES IN MEDICARE END-OF-LIFE CARE: A NATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Christian Thomas , Plotzke Michael , Cancel Mariana Sarango , Hersey Catherine , Harrison Zinnia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We examined whether end-of-life care racial disparities persist even within groups with similar geographic access and health care options. We reviewed calendar year (CY)2021 fee-for-service Medicare claims to determine if a beneficiary ever: elected hospice, had an end-of-life care conversation with their physician, and/or received advanced care planning services. We obtained beneficiary characteristics from Medicare administrative records and used Consumer Assessment of Health Providers and Systems Hospice star ratings to identify poorer quality hospices (one- or two-stars out of five). As a measure of the quality-of-care processes beneficiaries received, we calculated Hospice Visits in the Last Days of Life (HVLDL). Using logistic regression, we calculated Adjusted Odds Ratios (AORs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) to characterize the association between race/ethnicity and end-of-life services utilization. Relative to white decedents, beneficiaries were less likely to elect hospice if they were black [AOR 0.67 95% CI 0.65-0.69], Asian [AOR 0.62 95% CI 0.59-0.66] or Hispanic [AOR 0.76 95% CI 0.72-0.81]. Additionally, non-white beneficiaries more often received care from poorer quality hospices than the white beneficiaries residing in their same zip code (black AOR 1.26 95% CI 1.21-1.31, Asian AOR 1.21 95% CI 1.14-1.29, Hispanic AOR 1.16 95% CI 1.09-1.24). In such poorer quality hospices, non-white beneficiaries have lower HVLDL rates (white 48.5%, black 40.3%, Asian 42.6%, Hispanic 45.8%). We found no substantial racial/ethnic disparities in recorded advance care plans or end-of-life conversations. CMS should continue to monitor trends in hospice utilization and ensure all beneficiaries receive equal and adequate care.
HOW DO OLDER ADULTS COPE WITH INTERSECTIONAL EXPERIENCES OF AGEISM AND RACISM?
Authors: Steward Andrew , Zhu Yating , De Fries Carson , Dunbar Annie Zean , Trujillo Miguel , Hasche Leslie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The World Health Organization recently launched a global campaign to end ageism due to its widespread, insidious negative health impacts on older adults. Similarly, racism is a key driver of health disparities and has been declared a public health crisis by jurisdictions around the United States. While a strong literature summarizes coping theory in general as well as beneficial and maladaptive coping mechanisms among older adults, limited research describes how older adults cope with experiences of ageism and racism, particularly through an intersectional lens. The aim of this qualitative, phenomenological study was to understand how older adults cope with intersectional experiences of ageism and racism. Twenty adults 60+ residing in the U.S. Mountain West who identified as Black, Hispanic/Latino(a), Asian-American/Pacific Islander, Indigenous, or White participated in a one-hour, semi-structured interview. A team of five coders engaged in an inductive coding process through independent coding followed by critical discussion. Peer debriefing, member checking, and an audit trail enhanced credibility. Nine themes were identified: 1) resistance, 2) exhaustion, 3) acceptance/‘let it go,’ 4) avoidance, 5) increased awareness through aging, 6) help others, 7) educate others, 8) self-determination/defy stereotypes, and 9) healthy lifestyle. These themes exemplify problem-focused and emotion-focused, as well as individual and collective coping strategies. Novel findings include how older adults may cope with ageism and racism through helping peer older adults and via increased awareness through aging. Practitioners should recommend coping strategies which combine collective and problem-focused responses to ageism and racism such as resistance, helping others, and educating others.
MAPPING MENTAL HEALTH PATHWAYS AMONG BISEXUAL WOMEN, MEN, AND NONBINARY INDIVIDUALS IN MID AND LATER LIFE
Authors: Jen Sarah , Kang Hyun , Kim Hyun-Jun , Lafountain Olivia , Fredriksen-Goldsen Karen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The health-related pathways of bisexual individuals are most often compared to those of lesbians and gay men or examine participants of different genders separately. However, little is known regarding how the health-related pathways of bisexual individuals of diverse genders compare to one another, particularly in mid- to later life. This analysis examines identity-related and social factors which impact the mental health outcomes of midlife and older bisexual women, men and non-binary individuals and compares health-related pathways across genders. Analyses examined data from the National Health, Aging, and Sexuality/Gender Study (NHAS), including bisexual women (96), men (102), and non-binary individuals (16) ages 50+. The study utilized structural equation modeling to investigate direct and indirect associations between gender and mental health via sexual identity-related (victimization, negative identity perception, and outness) and social factors (LGBTQ community engagement). For both men and women, negative identity perception was associated with being less out, particularly among women. Bisexual men who reported more victimization also reported more negative identity perception. However, negative identity perception was associated with worse mental health only among women. Across genders, victimization negatively impacted mental health and identity outness increased community engagement. Community engagement mediated the relationship between identity outness and mental health among men. Findings indicate distinct mental health pathways across genders. Thus, mental health interventions might also differ. While LGBTQ community engagement might be particularly beneficial to bisexual men, bisexual women might struggle more with identity perception. Future research will benefit from larger subsamples, particularly among non-binary individuals.
SENNET CONSORTIUM: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Niedernhofer Laura 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Cellular Senescence Network (SenNet) Program was established in 2021 by the NIH Director’s Office Common Fund with the goal of comprehensively identifying and characterizing senescent cells across human lifespan in numerous organs. Mapping senescent cells in mice was added in 2022 to leverage genetic and pharmacologic approaches to drive, report, and ablate senescence in vivo. Senescent cells are implicated in driving most if not all age-related chronic diseases as well as accelerated aging caused by chronic diseases and their treatments (e.g., cancer chemotherapy). Furthermore, therapeutics specifically targeting senescent cells (senotherapeutics) have been developed and are currently being tested in clinical trials for multiple disease and geriatric endpoints. Thus, identifying and characterizing senescent cells throughout human aging and disease states has the potential to significantly impact human health. The SenNet Consortium is a highly collaborative network of scientists across the globe jointly benchmarking tools, technologies, and data analytic approaches, and aligning their activities with other NIH Common Fund initiatives, such as HuBMAP. While mapping senescent cells holds great biomedical promise, there are challenges such as the absence of specific biomarker to identify senescent cells, the appearance of senescence under physiological and pathological conditions, and little knowledge of what drives senescence in vivo. Analogous to the Human Genome Project, to achieve SenNet goals, innovative tools and technologies for single cell and spatial tissue analysis must be developed. Products of SenNet, in addition these new approaches, will include common nomenclature to define senescent cells, novel biomarkers of senescent cells, and publicly accessible databases and 4D atlases of senescent cells in 18 human and murine organs that enables 4D visualization.
EMPLOYMENT AS A FORM OF SOCIAL PARTICIPATION AMONG OLDER ADULTS: LINKS TO COGNITIVE AND FUNCTIONAL HEALTH
Authors: Yang Peilin , Waite Linda , Kotwal Ashwin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Within the active aging literature, studies on social participation and health concur that people who are better socially integrated and engage in social activities tend to have better physical, mental, and cognitive health. This study revisits the literature by aiming to address three primary knowledge gaps in prior literature: 1) we explicitly examine the change within the 5-year-interval in cognition, activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) associated with social participation five years prior; 2) we examine diversity in participation’s association with not only cognitive function, but also ADL and IADL, which we lack knowledge of; 3) we conceptualize employment in later life as a kind of social participation, a part of older adults’ lives that is overlooked in the social participation literature. We also examine whether the relationship between social participation and cognition, ADL, and IADL is the same for men and women, and for those employed and those not employed. The study finds that neighborhood participation at a high level indicates worse cognitive, ADL, and IADL outcomes 5 years later, and a higher level of neighborhood participation is more indicative of worse cognitive outcomes for men than for women. Full-time employment predicts better cognitive, ADL, and IADL outcomes 5 years later. We also find evidence that full-time work creates a stronger buffer against cognitive decline, developing ADL difficulties, and IADL difficulties, even among older adults who socialize with family and friends, participate in the community, and the neighborhood at a high level, respectively.