bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sociocultural understanding of Tuberculosis and implications for care-seeking among adults in the province of Zambezia, Mozambique: Qualitative research
Authors: Give Celso , Morris Chrissie , Murray Joanna , José Benedita , Machava Raimundo , Wayal Sonali 
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Mozambique has a high burden of Tuberculosis (TB) with an incidence of 368 per 100,000 population in 2020, coupled with a low all-form TB detection rate. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated delays in timely diagnosis and treatment of new TB cases. Promoting active TB case finding is a national priority in Mozambique. We conducted qualitative research to explore factors influencing TB testing in Zambezia province in Mozambique.

Materials and methods
One-to-one, semi-structured, audio-recorded telephone interviews were conducted to explore TB-related knowledge, and barriers and facilitators to TB testing. A sample of two TB Program staff, two community providers of TB services, and 19 community members (10 women and 9 men) was recruited, with support from provincial government TB staff, from four districts in Zambezia with a high TB burden. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and thematic analysis was conducted. The Mozambican National Bioethics Committee for Health approved the study protocol.

Results
Our study highlights that knowledge about TB symptoms and its causes is low, which could delay timely TB testing. Sociocultural beliefs often implicate certain types of sexual activity and women as causes of TB symptoms; for example, having sex with a widow who has not been traditionally purified, or with a woman who has had an abortion. Therefore, people usually tend to first seek care from traditional healers instead of going to a health facility. Additionally, stigma associated with HIV and TB also delays care seeking. Gender-related disparities in TB care seeking were also evident.

Conclusions
This study provides valuable insights into how healthcare seeking for TB is influenced by sociocultural understanding of symptoms and gender dynamics. Therefore, interventions to promote timely and appropriate care seeking for TB should be contextually tailored, culturally appropriate, and gender sensitive.
Transformative Dynamics of Youth Involvement in the Just Transition Process: The Case of Active Youths in the Region of Western Macedonia, Greece
Authors: Stergiou Konstantinos , Filippidis Kostas , Papoutzis Lazaros , Zourka Stefania 
Published: January 2024

Western Macedonia, a region nestled in the northwestern part of Greece, has long been renowned for its rich natural resources, particularly its abundant coal reserves. Τhe imperative to transition away from coal-related industries has brought to light the need for economic diversification. Western Macedonia's heavy dependence on coal mining and energy production has left it vulnerable to the inevitable decline of fossil fuels (Ziouzios, Karlopoulos, Fragkos, Vrontitsi, 2021). To secure its future and ensure the well-being of its residents, the region must identify and develop new economic sectors that align with a sustainable, low-carbon future. However, as the global shift towards sustainable energy production gains momentum -and as the climate crisis shows its harsh face-, Western Macedonia has found itself facing a myriad of challenges that have constrained the initiation of a Just Transition process in regions that were dependent on lignite (Vatalis, Avlogiaris, Tsalis 2022). The transition seeks to address critical issues, such as staggering unemployment rates, the significant brain drain of the region, and the need to diversify its economy away from coal-dependent industries.
Comparative the effect of distribution transformer coil shape on electromagnetic forces and their distribution using the FEM
Authors: Hameed Kassim Rasheed , Suraiji Ahlam Luaibi , Hanfesh Abduljabbar O. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
During the normal life of the transformers, they are subjected to different electromagnetic stresses. One of these stresses is the electromagnetic forces resulting from the passage of short-circuit current in the transformer coils due to internal or external faults and may lead to the failure of the transformer when this electromagnetic force exceeds the threshold level. This work deals with the computation and analysis of leakage magnetic flux and electromagnetic forces when the worst-case fault (symmetrical short-circuit current) occurs in distribution transformer (DT) coils using the finite element method (FEM). The three types of DTs that were adopted in this work are similar in capacity and voltage transformation ratio (250 kVA and 11,000/416 V), but they are different in the shape of coils (oval, cylindrical, and rectangular coils).
ANSYS software was used to build two-dimensional models of the three transformers, which were different in coil shapes and in the type of iron core. The objective of this work is to compare the effect of coil shape on the distribution of electromagnetic forces and their value, in order to find out which coil shape is the best to withstand electromagnetic forces when short-circuit current is passed in the coils. The results of the simulation of the finite element models were approximately equivalent to the results of the design calculations that depend on the classical method (the analytical method), but the FEM is more accurate, due to the accuracy of calculating the magnetic flux and its distribution, which cannot be calculated using the classical method. One of the most important contributions of this research is the analysis and calculation of electromagnetic forces for three types of DTs with different coils by applying the same design parameters to all the transformers. The research also contributed to determining the best coil shape by comparing simulation results, and it was found that transformers with cylindrical coils are the best to withstand electromagnetic forces due to the homogeneity of the cylindrical coil structure from all sides.
Personality as technology of self: MBTI and English language learning in South Korea
Authors: Park Joseph Sung-Yul 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper considers how a particular understanding of personality, as manifest in the way discourses about personality types are circulated and employed, may serve as a foundation for rationalizing the logic of human capital and its concomitant inequalities. Focusing on the recent popularity of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) in South Korea and the way it is adopted in online content offering advice on English language learning, this paper suggests that a conceptualization of personality as simultaneously enduring and inherent, on the one hand, and standardized and technologized, on the other, allows personality testing and personality type to serve as moral technologies of self that conceal the contradictions underlying the promotion of English language learning as a key to developing one’s human capital in neoliberal Korean society.
Multiple transitivity except for a system of imprimitivity
Authors: Reid Colin D. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Let Ω be a set equipped with an equivalence relation

∼

\sim

; we refer to the equivalence classes as blocks of Ω.
A permutation group

G
≤

Sym
⁢

(
Ω
)

G\leq\mathrm{Sym}(\Omega)

is 𝑘-by-block-transitive if

∼

\sim

is 𝐺-invariant, with at least 𝑘 blocks, and 𝐺 is transitive on the set of 𝑘-tuples of points such that no two entries lie in the same block.
The action is block-faithful if the action on the set of blocks is faithful.
In this article, we classify the finite block-faithful 2-by-block-transitive actions.
We also show that, for

k
≥
3

k\geq 3

, there are no finite block-faithful 𝑘-by-block-transitive actions with nontrivial blocks.
Influence of Moisture Content on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Chinese Ash Bolts for Anchoring Earthen Sites
Authors: Wang Nan , Yan Feifei , Qiu Qibo , Zou Hongyu , Zhang Jingke , Bai Dongming , Suo Chenyang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Chinese ash bolts are extensively utilized for anchoring earthen sites in China, but their physical and mechanical properties are influenced by changes in moisture content during the grout curing process. This study reveals significant effects on compressive strength parallel to the grain and flexural strength, with a comparatively lower influence on tensile strength parallel to the grain. As moisture content increases, the failure mode shifts from fiber fracture to inter-fiber destruction, resulting in a transition from brittleness to elastoplasticity in the bolts’ properties. Additionally, we observed that the diameter of the samples has a less pronounced effect on mechanical strength and modulus compared to moisture content, though it notably enhances resistance to deformation. Scanning electron microscopy images show interlocking textures within the wooden fibers, effectively enhancing the strength and toughness of the bolts. Importantly, this research presents quantitative results: Chinese ash bolts exhibit a natural density range of 0.65 to 0.78 g/cm3 and a saturation moisture content spanning from 93.15 to 114.15 %. Furthermore, in their natural state, these bolts display remarkable tensile strength (126.56 MPa), compressive strength (55.91 MPa), and bending strength (106.34 MPa). This study highlights the critical significance of carefully choosing the most suitable bolt diameters to fortify resistance against deformation. The concrete data provided contribute significantly to improving conservation practices for earthen sites.
Research on Magnetic Memory Detection of Weld Fatigue Damage Based on Two-Dimensional Spectral Entropy
Authors: He Zhenfeng , Zhou Jianting , Liu Dingkun , Liao Leng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In light of the intrinsic relationship between weld fatigue damage and the characteristics of magnetic leakage signals, fatigue experiments were conducted on butt welds to analyze the evolution of magnetic leakage signal as fatigue cycles increased. The introduction of two-dimensional spectral entropy allowed for the construction of a fatigue stage division model based on the two-dimensional spectral entropy diagram. The results revealed that distinctions between magnetic leakage signal under loaded and unloaded conditions were solely evident in their magnitude, with consistent curve distribution trends observed across various fatigue cycles. Furthermore, the distribution pattern of magnetic leakage signal displayed significant fluctuations, characterized by a sharp gradient increase following the emergence of fatigue cracks. These distribution characteristics of magnetic leakage signal differed markedly from the magnetic field distribution at other fatigue stages, with a higher growth rate observed as fatigue cycles increased. The two-dimensional spectral entropy spectrum analysis of magnetic leakage signals at different fatigue stages indicated the disorder in the magnetic leakage signal distribution within the high fatigue zone, signifying the expansion of fatigue microcracks. To some extent, two-dimensional spectral entropy can serve as an early warning system for detecting fatigue cracks in welds and achieving early identification of fatigue microcracks.
The Evaluation of a Technology-Embedded Solar Energy STEM (SESTEM) Module: A Pilot Implementation of Modern Teaching Tool for Diploma Science Students
Authors: Supian F. L. , Tho S. W. , Wong Y. Y. , Mohd Azmi M. S. , Hosman N. J. , Ratnawulan R. , Al Naim A. F. 
Published: January 2024

Utilising an excellent teaching tool is vital for students' education nowadays. In contrast to the traditional teaching way, Technology-Embedded Solar Energy STEM (SESTEM) module was created as a modern teaching tool for physics subject. In order to develop and evaluate the students’ perception towards the complete SESTEM module, developmental research and technology acceptance model (TAM) were applied in this research study. 52 randomly selected diploma students from Sultan Idris Education University (UPSI) were involved as respondents in this work. After the development of the SESTEM module using the analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation (ADDIE) model, the perceptions of students as respondents towards this module were evaluated based on the TAM via questionnaire. Based on the responses from the respondents, the majority of the respondents demonstrated positive attitudes and behaviour intention, as well as agreed that the SESTEM module was useful as a teaching tool. Besides, the respondents showed a positive technological acceptance towards SESTEM module. The respondents' acceptance was contingent on the employment of technology for educational purposes in the future. Consequently, SESTEM module could be utilised by educators as a contemporary tool for enhancing student learning for future benefits.
The Effect of Virtual Reality Game Based Learning to Enhance STEM Literacy in Energy Concepts
Authors: Widiyatmoko A. , Nugrahani R. , Yanitama A. , Darmawan M. S. 
Published: January 2024

STEM literacy is a competency that students must have in the 21st century. The aim of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of Virtual Reality-Game based Learning (VRGBL) to enhance junior high school students' STEM literacy. This research is Quasi Experimental Design. The sample for this research was students at Junior High School Class VIII G (experimental class) and Class VIII H (control class) of SMP Negeri 27 Semarang for academic year 2023/2024 odd semester period. The data analysis of this research was focused on the effect of VRGBL on students' STEM Literacy on energy concept. The result of the study shows that STEM literacy for 8th-grade students consists of four components: science literacy, technology literacy, engineering literacy, and mathematic literacy. The results revealed that there is a significant different between the control and experimental group that is Mexp = 83.59, SDexp = 7.54, Mcon = 65.48, SDcon = 7.89, t = 0.00, sig 0.05. The research results showed that VRGBL is effective in enhancing students' STEM literacy in energy concepts with N-gain in the experimental class of 0.57 in the medium category compared to the control class of 0.28 in the low category.
From Farm to Classroom: Tubers as Key Resources in Developing Biology Learning Media Rooted in Banten's Local Culture
Authors: Leksono S. M. , Kurniasih S. , Marianingsih P. , Nuryana S. , Camara J. S. , El Islami R. A. Z. , Cahya N. 
Published: January 2024

This study aims to investigate the diversity of tuber plants used as food by the people in Banten, which are then used as learning content based on local potential. To achieve this goal, we conducted a research and development (RD) method to create various media using the information of tubers diversity in Banten. In the first stage, we collected data on the diversity of tuber plants cultivated by residents in Banten province and their uses. In the second stage, we developed various forms of learning media from the diversity data and the status of plant utilization. Data on diversity was obtained by conducting field observation and interviews with 373 respondents: tuber farmers, traders, intermediaries, processed makers, souvenir shop owners, and homemakers in Banten. Data were analyzed using the descriptive-qualitative method. Information about the diversity of types of tubers, their use for food, and their processing techniques then use as the content on learning media of Biology subject for senior high school on biodiversity, ecosystems, and biotechnology concept. We customize content development to support Biology classes using the Kurikulum Merdeka. The results showed that there were 16 species of tubers used as food, belong to 11 families, such as Dioscoreaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Convolvulaceae which used as a staple food, snacks, and vegetables. The results of the media development analysis show that diversity data can be applied to various types of multimedia learning media in the biological sciences. While these materials may complement the learning of Biology, careful consideration must be given to the advantages and disadvantages of each medium to ensure that they are appropriate to the learning goals and circumstances of the learners.
Predicting glucocorticoid effectiveness in thyroid eye disease: combined value from serological lipid metabolism and an orbital MRI parameter
Authors: Zhang Haitao , Hu Hao , Wang Yueyue , Duan Xinjie , Chen Lu , Zhou Jiang , Chen Wen , Zhang Weizhong , Xu Xiaoquan , Chen Huanhuan 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
The aim was to determine the combined value of serological lipid metabolism and an orbital MRI quantitative parameter in predicting the effectiveness of glucocorticoid (GC) therapy in patients with thyroid eye disease (TED).

Methods
This study retrospectively enrolled 46 patients with active and moderate-to-severe TED (GC-effective group, n = 29; GC-ineffective group, n = 17). Serological lipid metabolism, the orbital MRI-based minimum signal intensity ratio of extraocular muscles (EOM-SIRmin), as well as other clinical parameters before GC therapy were collected and compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were adopted to identify independent predictable variables and assess their predictive performances.

Results
Compared to the GC-ineffective group, the GC-effective group showed lower serum total cholesterol levels (P = 0.006), lower serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P = 0.019), higher EOM-SIRmin values (P = 0.005), and shorter disease durations (P = 0.017). Serum total cholesterol and EOM-SIRmin were found to be independent predictors of GC-effective TED through multivariate analysis (odds ratios = 0.253 and 2.036 per 0.1 units, respectively) (both P < 0.05). The integration of serum total cholesterol ≤4.8 mmol/L and EOM-SIRmin ≥ 1.12 had a better predictive efficacy (area under the curve, 0.834) than EOM-SIRmin alone, with a sensitivity of 75.9% and a specificity of 82.4% (P = 0.031).

Conclusion
Serological lipid metabolism, combined with an orbital MRI-derived parameter, was a useful marker for predicting the effectiveness of GCs in patients with active and moderate-to-severe TED.
СИСТЕМАТИЗАЦИЯ ПРИЧИН ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ КЛИМАТА С ТОЧКИ ЗРЕНИЯ КЛИМАТИЧЕСКОЙ ПОВЕСТКИ
Authors: Колотовкина Полина Дмитриевна , Вегнер-Козлова Екатерина Олеговна 
Published: January 2024

Целью исследования является систематизация причин изменения климата с точки зрения климатической повестки.
Методологическую базу исследования представляют базисные положения концепции изменения климата. Основу исследования составляют труды, посвященные климатической повестке таких авторов, как О. М. Покровский, В. И. Бышев, В. Г. Нейман, Ю. А. Романов, С. М. Семенов, В. П. Мелешко, В. М. Катцов, В. М. Мирвис и др. К используемым научным методам относятся сравнительный и причинно-следственный анализ.
Результаты исследования. В работе определена значимость адаптации в контексте климатической повестки, выявлены ограничения развития указанной повестки в РФ, на основе междисциплинарного подхода с учетом актуальных геополитических тенденций предложена авторская систематизация причин изменения климата с точки зрения климатической повестки, что является научной новизной данной работы.
Перспективы исследования заключаются в развитии теоретических основ для разработки механизма адаптации регионов к климатическим изменениям.
The role of computed tomography in the early detection of damage to the small intestine and mesentery in closed combined trauma (clinical case)
Authors: Popova I. E. , Khamidova L. T. , Titova G. P. , Barmina T. G. , Zabavskaya O. A. , Plyusova N. S. , Sementsova O. V. , Rogal' M. M. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The number of victims with abdominal trauma over the past 20 years has not tended to decrease due to an increase in the number of road accidents, falls from heights, man-made disasters and natural disasters. Diagnosis of damage to hollow organs should be fast and accurate, since the time factor in providing medical care to such patients is crucial. The delay of surgery for intestinal injury for 24 hours or more is associated with an increase in the mortality rate of up to 30%. In such cases, computed tomography is the method of choice for hemodynamically stable patients with closed abdominal trauma.The aim is to demonstrate the possibilities of computed tomography in the early detection of damage to the small intestine and mesentery using the example of a clinical case of closed combined abdominal trauma with damage to a hollow organ and multiple injuries of the musculoskeletal system.Materials and methods. A clinical case of combined trauma of a patient in a traffic accident is described.Conclusion. In this clinical case, the victim with a combined injury was shown the modern possibilities of computed tomography in early detection of damage to the walls of the small intestine and mesentery, which made it possible to make a timely decision on emergency surgery, avoid serious complications, restore the patient's ability to work and quality of life.
The role of catalicedins in the development of infectious complications in hip replacement
Authors: Dmitrieva L. A. , Morozov A. N. , Say O. V. , Muhomedzyanova S. V. 
Published: January 2024

Reducing the risk of infectious complications after hip replacement both in the early and late postoperative period remains an important task. Currently, there is a search for laboratory markers of infection development in the field of surgical intervention with high prognostic significance. Violation of the production of catelecidins LL37 may be a factor contributing to the development of infectious and inflammatory complications. To investigate the concentration of cathelicidin in dynamics in patients with hip replacement and the development of postoperative infectious complications.Object and methods. A total of 49 people were examined, who were divided into three groups: the first group – 19 patients after hip replacement with no peculiarities during the postoperative period, the 2nd group – 15 patients after hip replacement: with the development of infection in the early stages (n = 6), and 9 patients with late deep complications within 1 year. The third group (n = 15) consisted of clinically healthy individuals. The results of a laboratory study of LL37 catelecidins in peripheral blood and drainage fluid were analyzed.Results. As a result of the comparative analysis of the results obtained, certain patterns were revealed. Thus, the level of catelecidin in blood serum and drainage fluid in the group of patients with infectious complications was significantly higher than in the group of patients without complications. Blood loss during surgery may be an additional factor contributing to the disruption of the production of antimicrobial peptides. Discriminant analysis revealed that the determination of the level of cathelicidin on the 10th day after surgery and its content in the drainage fluid suggests the development of a postoperative complication in the form of a paraprosthetic infection.