bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La crise ukrainienne et l’espace sécuritaire Europe-Russie
Authors: Delanoë Igor 
Published: January 2024

Soumission à Epi-revel
This article argues that the Ukrainian crisis appears as the result of a dual in-depth process of weakening Euro-Atlantic security mechanisms inherited from the Cold War on the one hand, and from the deep inability of the Russians and the Europeans to build a common security space. Security in Europe has been relying since the second half of the 20th century not only on a deep transatlantic solidarity, but also on a set of mechanisms and treaties which have been jeopardized during the two past decades. The EU and NATO enlargement have furthermore conflicted with Russia’s resoluteness to ensure a de facto sphere of influence in the shared spaces, in particular in the Black Sea. The paper suggests as a conclusion that Russia and Europe could lay down new discussions in the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union
International audience
Cet article envisage la crise ukrainienne comme le résultat d’un double processus de fond qui repose d’une part sur le délitement des mécanismes de sécurité euro-atlantique hérité de la Guerre Froide, et d’autre part, sur l’incapacité chronique des Russe et des Européens à construire un espace sécuritaire commun. La sécurité en Europe a en effet reposée depuis la seconde moitié du XXe siècle non seulement sur une forte solidarité transatlantique, mais aussi sur un ensemble de mécanismes et de traités qui ont été, au cours des deux dernières décennies, remis en question. L’élargissement de l’Union européenne et de l’OTAN s’est heurté à la détermination de la Russie à préserver de facto une zone d’influence dans les espaces partagés, en particulier en mer Noire. L’article conclut sur la possibilité pour la Russie et l’Europe de renouer les discussions à travers l’établissement d’un dialogue multilatéral entre Bruxelles et l’Union économique eurasiatique
The Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth, Yield Attributes and Yield of Transplanted Rice under Irrigated Condition (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Diwedi Namrata , Singh Sudhakar , Pandey Deepak , Singh P. K. , Chanda S. S. , Tiwari H. N. , Singh D. K. , Singh Gajendra 
Published: January 2024

The present investigation was carried out in kharif season 2022-23 at Agronomy Research Farm of Chandra Bhanu Gupta Krishi Snatakottar Mahavidyalaya, Bakshi ka Talab, Lucknow (U.P). The 8 treatments comprised of T1- RDF(IF), T2- 100% RDF+25 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 (B), T3-100% RDF+2 foliar spray of ZnSO4, T4- RDF+50 kg ha-1 FeSO4 (B),T5-100% RDF+ZnSO4 25 kg ha-1 (B) + FeSO4 @ 50 kg ha-1 (B), T6- 75% RDF (IF)+25% RDN (FYM), T7- 50% RDF (IF)+50% RDN (FYM),T8-100% RDF through FYM were laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD). The soil was silty-loam texture with slightly alkaline pH 8.1, organic carbon 0.70 %, available nitrogen 270.00 kg ha-1, available phosphorus 27.0 kg ha-1, and available potash 262.0 kg ha-1 during 2022-2023. The values of growth contributing characters viz., plant height (cm), number of tillers per m2 (439.73), dry matter accumulation (g m -2 ) (829.62), at harvest and significantly highest (6.33) leaf area index (LAI) was recorded under 100% RDF + 2 foliar spray of ZnSO4 and yield attributes and yield like number of effective tillers per m-2 (200.66), panicles weight (g)(4.51), length of panicle (cm) (28.33), number of grains panicle-1 (175.33), test weight (g) (29.10), grain yield (47.85), straw yield (q ha-1 ) (64.75) of rice were significantly higher under T3- 100% RDF + 2 foliar spray of ZnSO4 compared to other treatment. The nitrogen content (%), and its uptake (kg ha-1), and protein content (%), and its production (kg ha-1) in grain and straw was significantly higher under T3-100% RDF + 2 foliar spray of ZnSO4. The Fe and Zn content (mg kg-1) and its uptake (kg ha-1) in grain and straw was higher under T3-100% RDF + 2 foliar spray of ZnSO4. Economics analysis viz gross return (123514), net return (84107) and benefit cost ratio (2.13) was recorded highest with T3-100% RDF + 2 foliar spray of ZnSO4 while lowest with T8- 100% RDF through FYM. Thus for obtaining better yield and profit apply T3-100% RDF + 2 foliar spray of ZnSO4.
Assessment of Health Care Providers Attitudes and Practices Concerning Medication Errors in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alanzi Shrooq Eid 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Medication errors are one of the leading causes of patients’ morbidity and mortality in health care settings
Objective: Assess awareness, attitude and practices of health care providers toward medication errors in Saudi Arabia.
Methodology: Cross-sectional study design was used in the period of three months, from 01 July to 30th November, 2023. participants were selected randomly. 329 health care providers including physicians, pharmacists and nurses working in different hospitals, primary health care centers and private clinics in different regions of Saudi Arabia, participated in the study. Dat was analyzed using Microsoft excel program.
Results: The mean score of good knowledge about medication errors among respondents was 77%, average score of good attitudes toward medication errors among respondents was 72%. 74% of respondents were willing to inform supervisor if they had noticed a medication error. The causes for not reporting medication error were fear of any legal consequences (41%), self-management (23%), busy with work (15%) and did not know whom to inform (21%). Less than half (48%) of study subjects had previously filled an adverse drug reaction form.
Conclusion: Medication errors play a significant role role in the quality of health of our patients. Health care providers in Saudi Arabia have good knowledge and positive attitude toward medication errors. However, medication error reporting is still not sufficiently done.
The Effectiveness of Modified Pilates Program with and without Kinesiotaping on Postnatal Urinary Stress Incontinence: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Chintamani Radhika 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Urinary Stress Incontinence is very common condition seen in postnatal woman. Without pelvic floor strengthening this condition will lead to social inhibition. The rate of urinary stress incontinence is more in normal vaginal delivery compared to C-Section. Few authors have demonstrated the effectiveness of Kegal exercise and Pilates on such woman with urinary stress incontinence. There is dirth in the literature related to effect of Kinesiotaping in reduction of urinary stress incontinence.
Research Objective: The objective of the research was to find out the effect of Kinesiotape along with the Modified Pilates program on subjects with postnatal urinary incontinence.
Methodology: This is an experimental study with randomised clinical trial design and the study setting was Bruhat Bangalore Mahanagar Palike, and the included 50 postnatal women who underwent vaginal delivery. The sample was divided into two groups: Group A (25) were subjected to Modified Pilates Program with Kinesiotaping and Group B (25) were subjected to Modified Pilates Program alone. The intervention was conducted for 6 weeks. The outcome measures like: PERFECT Scheme, Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis and Urogenital Distress Inventory were assessed both pre and post therapy at 6th week.
Results: Pre therapy both groups showed no statistical significance. Post therapy; Group A showed significant result with respect to all three outcome measures PERFECT (<0.0001), QUID (<0.001) and UDI (<0.001) and Group B showed significance only with respect to PERFECT Scheme (<0.05).
Conclusion: The study concluded that Modified Pilates will no doubt strengthen the pelvic floor muscle; but Kinesiotape addition to it will improve the strength by maintaining it and thus increasing the quality of life of the patient. Thus, using kinesiotape during the pelvic floor rehabilitation of Postnatal women with stress incontinence will provide benefit to the patient.
Summary: The current article concludes that Modified Pilates will strengthen the pelvic floor because of the abdominal cylinder involved along with Kinesiotape will add on to reduction in urinary incontinence because of the stimulation of sacral plexus.
Microbial Analysis and Antibiogram of Bacteria and Fungi Isolated from Meat Sellers Tables in Dutsin-Ma Metropolis, Katsina State
Authors: Wata I.  , Abdullahi K.  , Abdulmalik Umaru 
Published: January 2024

The goal of the research project was to carry out microbiological analysis and antibiogram of bacteria and fungi associated with meat vendor tables in the city of Dutsin-Ma. This study made use of twenty samples in total. Five distinct locations at Wednesday Market and Darawa were chosen, and two samples from each table were taken using swab sticks. For analysis, the samples were then brought to the Federal University of Dutsin-ma microbiology laboratory department. The agars that were initially employed to isolate the bacteria and fungus were MacConkey, nutrient, mannitol salt, bile esculin, salmonella-shigella, eosin methylene blue, and potato dextrose agars. Bacterial species were identified using gram staining and biochemical tests while lactophenol cotton blue staining was used for the identification of fungal species. Bacterial isolates identified include Escherichia coli, Salmonella species, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus species and Staphylococcus aureus while the fungal isolates are Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, A. fumigatus, and Oidiodendron griseum. The antimicrobial susceptibility test findings showed that while some of the bacterial isolates were responsive to certain drugs, others were resistant. The results of this study's investigations therefore demonstrated how heavily polluted meat vendors' tables are with a wide variety of bacteria. This can be explained by the unsanitary procedures used in the meat sale industry as well as other environmental issues. Therefore, it is imperative that the government authorities tasked with these duties make sure that the vendors of these meat products adhere to standard and hygienic procedures. Raising public knowledge of the risks of foodborne illnesses associated with eating raw meats is another important goal of public health awareness campaigns.
On‐line monitoring of batch processes using a PARAFAC representation
Authors: Meng X. , Morris A. J. , Martin E. B. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractFor assured through‐batch process performance monitoring, a number of established bilinear and trilinear modelling techniques require data to be available for the entire duration of the batch to realize the on‐line application of the nominal model. Various strategies have been proposed for the in‐filling of those yet unknown values. A methodology is presented where the unknown observations are calculated as a weighted combination of the scores up to the current time point in the new batch and those previously computed from a reference data set. This approach is investigated for the trilinear technique of parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). Modified confidence limits are then proposed for the bivariate scores plot for on‐line monitoring with a PARAFAC model. The identification of those variables indicative of causing changes in process operation has been accomplished through the application of contribution plots. Based on such plots, a methodology, with associated confidence limits, is proposed for the location of those variables whose behaviour differs from that encapsulated within the reference data set. The approach is demonstrated and compared with existing techniques on a benchmark simulation of a semi‐batch emulsion polymerization that has been used in similar studies. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Managing ISO 14001 implementation in the United Kingdom Continental Shelf (UKCS)
Authors: Strachan Peter A. , Sinclair Ivor McKay , Lal David 
Published: February 2003

AbstractThe activities and operations of the oil and gas industry have a significant propensity to affect the natural environment. The UK oil and gas industry, like the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, is a highly regulated industry and attracts a high level of public interest, so much so that the UK Government is keen to encourage the adoption of voluntary environmental management initiatives such as ISO 14001. In responding to the UK Government's agenda, some oil and gas enterprises have now implemented this environmental management system. This article examines the implementation of ISO 14001 in the first batch of oil and gas enterprises to have done so. Through undertaking structured face‐to‐face interviews with senior corporate staff in eight firms this article examines the drivers, implementation barriers and the benefits accrued from their participation in this management system. In contrast with some other industries, information on the oil and gas industry's experience with, and perception of, ISO 14001 is somewhat limited. Against this backdrop, the paper attempts to address these weaknesses and provide a starting point for future research in the area of corporate social responsibility and environmental management systems. The paper concludes with a number of recommendations as to how to promote the adoption of environmental management systems more widely in the oil and gas industry. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. and ERP Environment.
Corporate socially responsible (CSR) practices in the context of Greek industry
Authors: Bichta Constantina 
Published: February 2003

AbstractThis paper sets out to describe the level of corporate environmental responsibility of the Greek industrial sector. While the level of corporate socially responsible behaviour has been widely explored in the context of Northern European industry, the theoretical work surrounding the level of CSR practices of Greek industry is underdeveloped.A qualitative study was designed to increase awareness about the level of environmental responsibility of two Greek firms, which represented the chemical/fertilizer and metal sectors. The empirical findings suggest that a number of factors, both internal and external, determine the level of environmental policy and performance of the two companies. The environmental policy of the companies appears also to relate to the sector of operation. The paper concludes that the Greek business actor should look at his workforce in order to accelerate the environmental activities of the organization. With regard to the theory of CSR, it is argued that the development of a model of CSR is aided by the study and identification of factors that support and/or undermine the socially responsible behaviour of the European corporate sector. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. and ERP Environment.
Humoral and cellular immune responses to proinsulin in adults with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes
Authors: Narendran Parth , Williams Alistair J. , Elsegood Kathryn , Leech Nicola J. , Dayan Colin M. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractBackgroundType 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by immunity against pancreatic islet‐derived proteins. The object of this study was to measure antibody and T‐cell responses against proinsulin (PI), an islet‐derived protein, and to map its dominant T‐cell epitopes.MethodsAntibody responses to proinsulin, insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), protein tyrosine phosphatase IA‐2 and islet‐cell antigen were measured in 116 newly diagnosed diabetic subjects aged 16 to 40 years. T‐cell proliferative responses to proinsulin and proinsulin peptides were measured in 33 of these diabetic subjects and in 21 healthy control subjects.Results22% of diabetic subjects but no control subjects expressed antibodies to proinsulin. A strong correlation existed between antibody levels to proinsulin and insulin within diabetic subjects. Similar proportions of diabetic (12%) and healthy (9.5%) subjects displayed T‐cell responses to proinsulin. There was no correlation between antibody and T‐cell responses to proinsulin within subjects. Amino acid region 56 to 72 was identified as the major T‐cell epitope of proinsulin, though significant responses to region 14 to 37 were also present.ConclusionElevated proinsulin autoantibodies in diabetic subjects confirm proinsulin is an important autoantigen in type 1 diabetes. Though elevated cellular immunity to proinsulin protein was not detected, two dominant T‐cell epitopes of proinsulin were identified that span the C‐peptide and insulin junctions. Immunity to proinsulin was lower than that reported for childhood‐onset type 1 diabetes and we propose that, like insulin, proinsulin may be targeted less frequently in adulthood. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of enalapril and losartan on the events that precede diabetic nephropathy in rats
Authors: Aparecido Volpini Rildo , Giovanini Alves da Silva Cleonice , Silva Costa Roberto , Machado Coimbra Terezila 
Published: February 2003

AbstractBackgroundMesangial cell proliferation, phenotype change, and increased transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) precede mesangial expansion in diabetic rats. Experiments using mesangial cell culture have shown that angiotensin II increases TGF‐β production by these cells. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of enalapril and losartan on the events that precede diabetic nephropathy in rats. It was also analyzed if the determination of urinary TGF‐β could be a mean for the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy in this disease.MethodsEighty‐two female Wistar rats were made diabetic by intravenous injection of streptozotocin diluted in citrate buffer, and citrate buffer alone was injected into the control group (N = 34). Ten days later, the right kidney was removed. Thirty diabetic rats were treated with enalapril, DMN + E, in drinking water (20 mg/L) and 24 with losartan, DMN + L (50 mg/L). Urinary TGF‐β was determined 90 days after STZ or buffer injection, the animals were killed, and the kidneys were removed for histological and immunohistochemical studies.ResultsThe immunostaining for TGF‐β and fibronectin in the cortical tubulointerstitium and glomeruli was higher in untreated diabetic rats (p < 0.001). Treatment with enalapril or losartan reduced this increase. The urinary TGF‐β excretion (pg/mg urinary creatinine) was 48.6 ± 5.9 in control animals, 603.9 ± 80.41 in untreated diabetic rats, 279.3 ± 47.0 in diabetic rats treated with enalapril, and 243.7 ± 40.0 in rats treated with losartan.ConclusionsWe concluded that enalapril or losartan treatment can modify events that precede diabetic nephropathy by reducing TGF‐β and fibronectin expression in glomeruli and tubulointerstitium as well as urinary TGF‐β content. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new look at viruses in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Jun Hee‐Sook , Yoon Ji‐Won 
Published: February 2003

AbstractType 1 diabetes (T1D) results from the destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Genetic factors are believed to be a major component for the development of T1D, but the concordance rate for the development of diabetes in identical twins is only about 40%, suggesting that nongenetic factors play an important role in the expression of the disease. Viruses are one environmental factor that is implicated in the pathogenesis of T1D. To date, 14 different viruses have been reported to be associated with the development of T1D in humans and animal models. Viruses may be involved in the pathogenesis of T1D in at least two distinct ways: by inducing beta cell‐specific autoimmunity, with or without infection of the beta cells, [e.g. Kilham rat virus (KRV)] and by cytolytic infection and destruction of the beta cells (e.g. encephalomyocarditis virus in mice). With respect to virus‐mediated autoimmunity, retrovirus, reovirus, KRV, bovine viral diarrhoea‐mucosal disease virus, mumps virus, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus and Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) are discussed. With respect to the destruction of beta cells by cytolytic infection, encephalomyocarditis virus, mengovirus and Coxsackie B viruses are discussed. In addition, a review of transgenic animal models for virus‐induced autoimmune diabetes is included, particularly with regard to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, influenza viral proteins and the Epstein‐Barr viral receptor. Finally, the prevention of autoimmune diabetes by infection of viruses such as lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus is discussed. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
NF‐ATc2 induces apoptosis in Burkitt's lymphoma cells through signaling via the B cell antigen receptor
Authors: Kondo Eisaku , Harashima Akira , Takabatake Takami , Takahashi Hideo , Matsuo Yoshinobu , Yoshino Tadashi , Orita Kunzo , Akagi Tadaatsu 
Published: February 2003

AbstractCross‐linking of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) with an anti‐IgM antibody has been shown to induce dramatic apoptosis in type I Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cells. However, the apoptotic mechanism triggered via BCR remains unknown. Here we reports a mechanism of BCR ligation‐induced apoptosis involving protein phosphatase calcineurin and its specific substrate, transcriptional factor NF‐AT. In response to BCR cross‐linking, endogenous calcineurin was rapidly activated, and this facilitated nuclear translocation of NF‐ATc2, a subtype of NF‐AT members. Interestingly, nuclear‐imported NF‐ATc2 functioned pro‐apoptotically in BL cells. The effect of NF‐ATc2 was efficiently blocked with FK506, which prevented its nuclear translocation through inactivation of calcineurin. In addtion, TR3 induction during BCR cross‐linking was reduced by FK506 and the VIVIT peptide, which is a highly selective inhibitor for NF‐AT. This strongly suggests that activation of NF‐ATc2 by calcineurin is essential for TR3 recruitment, and that TR3 can be considered as a candidate for death effector in BCR‐mediated apoptosis. Therefore, NF‐ATc2 plays a crucial role in BCR‐mediated apoptosis in type IBL, providing greater insight into unique BL characteristics through BCR signaling.
c‐kit+ FcR+ myelocytes are increased in cancer and prevent the proliferation of fully cytolytic T cells in the presence of immune serum
Authors: Beck Christian , Schreiber Karin , Schreiber Hans , Rowley Donald A. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractImmunogenic cancers induce both IgG antibodies and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Rejection of almost all immunogenic tumors depends ultimately on CTL. When tumors grow progressively, IgG continues to be produced but CTL may no longer be demonstrable. Using syngeneic mixed lymphocyte tumor cell cultures, we found that proliferation of fully activated proliferating CTL is prevented by a small subpopulation of immature myeloid c‐kit+ FcR+ cells, for convenience referred to as "barrier cells". Both, FcR on barrier cells and IgG linked to TGF‐β (IgG‐TGF‐β) present in immune serum, are obligatory for barrier cells to prevent proliferation of CTL, suggesting that IgG‐TGF‐β binds FcR to activate suppression. Growing tumors increase barriercells in the spleen. Interfering with the cells or molecules essential for barrier cells to prevent proliferation of CTL may enhance tumor and other CD8+ CTL‐mediated immunity.