bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How can ecological product value realization contribute to landscape sustainability?
Authors: Chen Qianru , Li Zhiyuan , Xie Hualin , Wu Manyu , Pan Yehan , Luo Shilong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Context
Towards the common goal of improving human well-being, Ecological Product Value Realization (EPVR) and landscape sustainability are both based on natural capital as the material foundation and sustainability science as the theoretical foundation. Integrating these two concepts can help advance the development of landscape sustainability science.

Objectives
This study was intended to explore the different ways that EPVR can contribute to landscape sustainability science.

Results
EPVR can contribute to the science and practice of landscape sustainability in multiple ways: (1) as an economic solution; (2) as an axiological research perspective; (3) as a multi-disciplinary, all-round and multi-level system concept; (4) as a dynamic mechanism with socioeconomic flows in landscape mosaic; (5) a holistic methodology through interdisciplinary integration; (6) as a landscape sustainability research approach following the “resource assetization–asset capitalization–capital monetization” chain of steps.

Conclusions
EPVR can contribute to landscape sustainability science in the following ways: to assist identifying landscape pattern by ecological product survey and monitoring; to promote landscape governance by natural-resource value transformation; to consolidate the resource base of sustainable landscapes with ecological compensation; to optimize landscape pattern by balancing the supply and demand of ecological products; to enhance landscape biodiversity by restoring ecosystems; and to optimize landscape sustainability evaluation using the comprehensive evaluation method of EPVR.
Using land cover information in assessing the ecosystem health of streams
Authors: Yates Adam G. , Bailey Robert C. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Context
Land use in a catchment area is critical to understanding how human activities are impacting streams. Catchment land cover is typically quantified as proportions of land use types, but such proportions do not quantify where land use patches are relative to the stream.

Objectives
This paper discusses the merit of land use position metrics for application to stream assessments.

Methods and results
Landscape configuration metrics (LCMs) are often used in stream assessments to describe land use position, but we argue these metrics should be avoided due to: (1) poor description of catchment land cover; (2) inconsistency, and; (3) missing link between valley and stream. Inverse-distance-weighted metrics (IDWs) explicitly quantify the position of land use patches relative to the stream, and thus are conceptually grounded in empirical evidence that the effect of land use is inversely related to its distance from the stream. Hydrologically active IDWs (HA-IDWs) further refine IDWs by quantifying the proximity of land use to hydrologic pathways connecting a stream to its catchment.

Conclusions
We recommend IDW metrics become the standard method to describe catchment land use and its effect on stream conditions and that HA-IDW metrics be used when the required data is available.
Financial impact of medication reviews by clinical pharmacists to reduce in-hospital adverse drug events: a return-on-investment analysis
Authors: Jermini Mégane , Fonzo-Christe Caroline , Blondon Katherine , Milaire Christelle , Stirnemann Jérôme , Bonnabry Pascal , Guignard Bertrand 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Adverse drug events contribute to rising health care costs. Clinical pharmacists can reduce their risks by identifying and solving drug-related problems (DRPs) through medication review.

Aim
To develop an economic model to determine whether medication reviews performed by clinical pharmacists could lead to a reduction in health care costs associated with the prevention of potential adverse drug events.

Method
Two pharmacists performed medication reviews during ward rounds in an internal medicine setting over one year. Avoided costs were estimated by monetizing five categories of DRPs (improper drug selection, drug interactions, untreated indications, inadequate dosages, and drug use without an indication). An expert panel assessed potential adverse drug events and their probabilities of occurrence for 20 randomly selected DRPs in each category. The costs of adverse drug events were extracted from internal hospital financial data. A partial economic study from a hospital perspective then estimated the annual costs avoided by resolving DRPs identified by 3 part-time clinical pharmacists (0.9 full-time equivalent) from 2019 to 2020. The return on investment (ROI) of medication review was calculated.

Results
The estimated annual avoided costs associated with the potential adverse drug events induced by 676 DRPs detected was € 304,170. The cost of a 0.9 full-time equivalent clinical pharmacist was € 112,408. Extrapolated to 1 full-time equivalent, the annual net savings was € 213,069 or an ROI of 1–1.71. Sensitivity analyses showed that the economic model was robust.

Conclusion
This economic model revealed the positive financial impact and favorable return on investment of a medication review intervention performed by clinical pharmacists. These findings should encourage the future deployment of a pharmacist-led adverse drug events prevention program.
A cautious note advocating the use of ensembles of models and driving data in modeling of regional ozone burdens
Authors: Karlický Jan , Rieder Harald E. , Huszár Peter , Peiker Jan , Sukhodolov Timofei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe investigate the performance of two widely used chemistry-transport models (CTMs) with different chemical mechanisms in reproducing the ambient maximum daily 8-h average ozone (MDA8 O$$_{3}$$

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) burden over Central Europe. We explore a base case setup with boundary conditions (BC) for meteorology from the ERA-Interim reanalysis and chemical BC from CAM-Chem as well as effects of alterations in these BC based on global model fields. Our results show that changes in meteorological BC strongly affect the correlation with observations but only marginally affect the model biases, while changes in chemical BC increase model biases while correlation patterns remain largely unchanged. Furthermore, our study highlights that CTM choice (and choice of chemical mechanism) has a similar or even larger impact on MDA8 O$$_{3}$$

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levels as the impact of altered BC. In summary, our study calls for a multi-model strategy combining different CTM and BC combinations to explore the bandwidth of MDA8 O$$_{3}$$

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distributions and thus uncertainty in hindcasts and future projections, in analogy to climate studies considering ensemble simulations under the same anthropogenic emissions but with slightly different initial conditions.
Molecular Determinants of Neurocognitive Deficits in Glioma: Based on 2021 WHO Classification
Authors: Zhang Kun , Yang Tianrui , Xia Yu , Guo Xiaopeng , Chen Wenlin , Wang Lijun , Li Junlin , Wu Jiaming , Xiao Zhiyuan , Zhang Xin , Jiang Wenwen , Xu Dongrui , Guo Siying , Wang Yaning , Shi Yixin , Liu Delin , Li Yilin , Wang Yuekun , Xing Hao , Liang Tingyu , Niu Pei , Wang Hai , Liu Qianshu , Jin Shanmu , Qu Tian , Li Huanzhang , Zhang Yi , Ma Wenbin , Wang Yu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCognitive impairment is a common feature among patients with diffuse glioma. The objective of the study is to investigate the relationship between preoperative cognitive function and clinical as well as molecular factors, firstly based on the new 2021 World Health Organization’s updated classification of central nervous system tumors. A total of 110 diffuse glioma patients enrolled underwent preoperative cognitive assessments using the Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Clinical information was collected from medical records, and gene sequencing was performed to analyze the 18 most influenced genes. The differences in cognitive function between patients with and without glioblastoma were compared under both the 2016 and 2021 WHO classification of tumors of the central nervous system to assess their effect of differentiation on cognition. The study found that age, tumor location, and glioblastoma had significant differences in cognitive function. Several genetic alterations were significantly correlated with cognition. Especially, IDH, CIC, and ATRX are positively correlated with several cognitive domains, while most other genes are negatively correlated. For most focused genes, patients with a low number of genetic alterations tended to have better cognitive function. Our study suggested that, in addition to clinical characteristics such as age, histological type, and tumor location, molecular characteristics play a crucial role in cognitive function. Further research into the mechanisms by which tumors affect brain function is expected to enhance the quality of life for glioma patients. This study highlights the importance of considering both clinical and molecular factors in the management of glioma patients to improve cognitive outcomes.
Human Enhancement and Augmented Reality
Authors: Gordon Emma C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBioconservative bioethicists (e.g., Kass, 2002, Human Dignity and Bioethics, 297–331, 2008; Sandel, 2007; Fukuyama, 2003) offer various kinds of philosophical arguments against cognitive enhancement—i.e., the use of medicine and technology to make ourselves “better than well” as opposed to merely treating pathologies. Two notable such bioconservative arguments appeal to ideas about (1) the value of achievement, and (2) authenticity. It is shown here that even if these arguments from achievement and authenticity cut ice against specifically pharmacologically driven cognitive enhancement, they do not extend over to an increasingly viable form of technological cognitive enhancement – namely, cognitive enhancement via augmented reality. An important result is that AR-driven cognitive enhancement aimed at boosting performance in certain cognitive tasks might offer an interesting kind of “sweet spot” for proponents of cognitive enhancement, allowing us to pursue many of the goals of enhancement advocates without running into some of the most prominent objections from bioconservative philosophers.
Women’s experiences of participatory small-scale fisheries monitoring in Timor-Leste
Authors: House Jenny , Amaral Nelson M. S. , Silva de Jesus Janicia , Gomes Jemima , Chew Michael , Kleiber Danika , Steenbergen Dirk J. , Stacey Natasha 
Published: February 2024

AbstractParticipatory fisheries monitoring can create many benefits, such as increasing community engagement in marine management, generating data for data-poor fisheries, and empowerment of fishing communities. Although most participatory monitoring studies have focused on men monitoring their own fishing activities, evidence from studies examining women’s increased participation in broader fisheries management suggests that monitoring programmes should also incorporate gender-inclusive approaches. Furthermore, the data collectors’ perspectives regarding the effects that participating has on themselves or their community are often not included in reporting or evaluating monitoring processes and methodologies. Such gaps in participatory monitoring approaches may overlook different people’s participation and experiences of fisheries and their management, and so disregard the general consensus that community-based fisheries are deeply socially embedded. Using the participatory photography methodology, photovoice, this paper explores women’s participation in fisheries management, and how this links with various forms of empowerment, as represented by stories and images shared by the participants of a fisheries monitoring programme in Timor-Leste. Their resulting photo stories explore motivations for participating in the monitoring programme, the enabling or constraining conditions which influence participation, and the implications for broader marine management. The participants’ photo stories demonstrate the importance of relationships in creating an enabling environment for participatory processes, and how monitoring can be relationship-building, creating a positive feedback loop that leads to awareness-raising, empowerment, advocacy and collective action. This study contributes to the growing body of literature around participatory monitoring as an empowering process by amplifying the voices of women through unpacking their experiences and aspirations.
On the interpretation of Varestraint and Transvarestraint hot cracking test results
Authors: Kromm Arne , Thomas Maximilian , Kannengiesser Thomas , Gibmeier Jens 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Varestraint test and its variant Transvarestraint are one of the most widely used techniques for evaluating a material solidification cracking sensitivity during welding. The result of such tests is a crack length which is proportional to the material’s cracking susceptibility. Nevertheless, the welding and load parameters can unintentionally influence the crack length, which in some cases can distort the material evaluation. An approach is described as to how these effects can be assessed with the aid of a digital crack analysis. The crack lengths are compared position-dependently with their possible propagation due to the weld pool movement during continuous loading. The index derived from this can be used by the operator to evaluate his test parameters. In addition, a comparison of the results of different Varestraint setups is made possible. Alongside experimental results, a numerical sensitivity analysis is presented on how individual welding and loading parameters can affect the crack lengths.
Discovering Cathodic Biocompatibility for Aqueous Zn–MnO2 Battery: An Integrating Biomass Carbon Strategy
Authors: Lv Wei , Shen Zilei , Li Xudong , Meng Jingwen , Yang Weijie , Ding Fang , Ju Xing , Ye Feng , Li Yiming , Lyu Xuefeng , Wang Miaomiao , Tian Yonglan , Xu Chao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDeveloping high-performance aqueous Zn-ion batteries from sustainable biomass becomes increasingly vital for large-scale energy storage in the foreseeable future. Therefore, γ-MnO2 uniformly loaded on N-doped carbon derived from grapefruit peel is successfully fabricated in this work, and particularly the composite cathode with carbon carrier quality percentage of 20 wt% delivers the specific capacity of 391.2 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, outstanding cyclic stability of 92.17% after 3000 cycles at 5 A g−1, and remarkable energy density of 553.12 Wh kg−1 together with superior coulombic efficiency of ~ 100%. Additionally, the cathodic biosafety is further explored specifically through in vitro cell toxicity experiments, which verifies its tremendous potential in the application of clinical medicine. Besides, Zinc ion energy storage mechanism of the cathode is mainly discussed from the aspects of Jahn–Teller effect and Mn domains distribution combined with theoretical analysis and experimental data. Thus, a novel perspective of the conversion from biomass waste to biocompatible Mn-based cathode is successfully developed.
‘Humour can open the door to conversations’: Exploring the Role of Comedy in Breaking Down Barriers to Employment for Young Disabled People
Authors: Caslin Marie , Georgiou Harry , Davies Charlene , Spoor Sarah 
Published: February 2024

AbstractYoung disabled people encounter many barriers in their transition to adulthood, including having access to the world of work. According to recent data, only 4.8% of adults with a learning disability are in paid work. We wanted to explore how we might address one of the initial barriers, the employment recruitment process. Eleven young disabled people were invited to work with The Comedy Trust to make their own video Curriculum Vitae (CV). We hoped to explore how we could draw on the art form of comedy to not only produce video CVs but also to share the voices of young people with a learning disability. Young people with learning disabilities have a desire to work and have the skills necessary to succeed in the workplace with appropriate support. This paper highlights the importance of employers and those who support young disabled people, having the opportunity to hear the voices of young people so they can consider how to make their recruitment process more inclusive and to address the barriers that are experienced.
The impacts of the transmission line length in an interconnected micro-grid on its performance and protection at different fault levels
Authors: Khoshkalam Arash , Ali Dallia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPower systems, in recent years, have been experiencing a dynamic rise in the amount of power obtained from distributed renewable energy sources leading to the concept of microgrids to address the distributed power grid integration issues. Microgrids, a promising means of facilitating the green transformation of power systems, allow the union operation of distributed energy resources (DER) such as combined heat and power (CHP), renewables like photovoltaic (PV), wind and fuel cells (FC), energy storage systems, diesel generators, and controllable loads, either individually or in combination. The protection of DERs within microgrids can be considered as one of the main challenges associated with such phenomenon. Short and Long power transmission lines, in case of a fault, both have particular impacts on system parameters and may result into subsequent events threatening the microgrid and renewable generation units. On the other hand, The high penetration of microgrids not only can change the power flow within the power network, but it can also affect the fault current levels and may lead to their islanding in case of a fault. Before investing in microgrids, especially those in far places, this paper develops a tool to be used in investigating the influence of the interconnecting transmission line length as well as the type/severity of fault on the microgrid performance. The toolbox was developed using MATLAB/Simulink Toolbox. The developed tool was then validated on a case study microgrid and results show that the length of the interconnecting transmission line and the fault severity directly impact the microgrid performance (i.e. voltage and power deviations). In that case, interconnection or islanded mode is contingent upon the decision of the utility operator which also depends on the sensitivity of the equipment used in the microgrid.
An Improved CBBA Generation Method Based on Triangular Fuzzy Numbers
Authors: Wang Niu , Chen Mengjiao , Wang Ningkui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAcknowledged as a robust tool for managing uncertain information, Dempster–Shafer evidence theory has seen significant progress in recent years, especially in the refinement of mass functions, also known as basic belief assignments (BBAs). This progress is particularly noticeable in complex domains where the effective handling of uncertainty is considered of paramount importance. Despite these advancements, the generation of complex mass functions, referred to as complex basic belief assignments (CBBAs), continues to be viewed as an open and challenging aspect within the framework of complex evidence theory. A method for CBBA generation based on triangular fuzzy numbers was introduced by Xiao, specifically applied to target recognition. However, despite its application, there is notable room for improvement in the recognition rate achieved by this method. In response to this gap, an improved CBBA generation method based on triangular fuzzy numbers is proposed in this paper. Notably, the consideration of attribute weights is incorporated into the CBBA generation process by this approach. This refinement is rooted in the recognition that, in practical scenarios, different attributes carry distinct levels of importance. Hence, adopting a more rational approach by assigning higher weights to crucial attributes becomes imperative. The proposed method is subjected to rigorous testing in the paper of target recognition, with its performance systematically compared against Xiao’s method and the conventional Dempster–Shafer evidence theory. The ensuing simulation results unequivocally demonstrate the superior efficacy of the proposed method in achieving enhanced target recognition rates.
Incidence of First-Episode Status Epilepticus and Risk Factors in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Couper R. Grace , Antaya Tresah C. , Wilk Piotr , Gofton Teneille , Debicki Derek B. , Burneo Jorge G. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTBackground:Status epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency characterized by prolonged seizures. However, the incidence of first-episode SE is unclear, as estimates vary greatly among studies. Additionally, SE risk factors have been insufficiently explored. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to estimate the incidence of first-episode SE in Ontario, Canada, and estimate the associations between potential sociodemographic and health-related risk factors and first-episode SE.Methods:We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using linked health administrative datasets. We included individuals who completed Canada’s 2006 Census long-form questionnaire, lived in Ontario, were between 18 and 105, and had no history of SE. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratios for SE within three years associated with each potential risk factor.Results:The final sample included 1,301,700 participants, 140 of whom were hospitalized or had an emergency department visit for first-episode SE during follow-up (3.5 per 100,000 person-years). Older age was the only significant sociodemographic SE risk factor (HR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.33, 1.37), while health-related risk factors included alcohol or drug abuse (HR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02, 1.08), brain tumour or cancer (HR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.12, 1.15), chronic kidney disease (HR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.29, 1.36), dementia (HR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.36, 1.48), diabetes (HR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.09, 1.12), epilepsy or seizures (HR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.09) and stroke (HR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.05, 1.11).Conclusion:The estimated incidence of SE in a sample of Ontario residents was 3.5 per 100,000 person-years. Older age and several comorbid conditions were associated with higher first-episode SE risk.
Response of lacustrine glacier dynamics to atmospheric forcing in the Cordillera Darwin
Authors: Langhamer Lukas , Sauter Tobias , Temme Franziska , Werner Niklas , Heinze Florian , Arigony-Neto Jorge , Gonzalez Inti , Jaña Ricardo , Schneider Christoph 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Calving glaciers respond quickly to atmospheric variability through ice dynamic adjustment. Particularly, single weather extremes may cause changes in ice-flow velocity and terminus position. Occasionally, this can lead to substantial event-driven mass loss at the ice front. We examine changes in terminus position, ice-flow velocity, and calving flux at the grounded lacustrine Schiaparelli Glacier in the Cordillera Darwin using geo-referenced time-lapse camera images and remote sensing data (Sentinel-1) from 2015 to 2022. Lake-level records, lake discharge measurements, and a coupled energy and mass balance model provide insight into the subglacial water discharge. We use downscaled reanalysis data (ERA5) to identify climate extremes and track land-falling atmospheric rivers to investigate the ice-dynamic response on possible atmospheric drivers.
Meltwater controls seasonal variations in ice-flow velocity, with an efficient subglacial drainage system developing during the warm season and propagating up-glacier. Calving accounts for 4.2% of the ice loss. Throughout the year, warm spells, wet spells, and landfalling atmospheric rivers promote calving. The progressive thinning of the ice destabilizes the terminus position, highlighting the positive feedback between glacier thinning, near-terminus ice-flow acceleration, and calving flux.