bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Need for Responsive Workforce Development During the Pandemic and Beyond: A Case Study of the Regional Public Health Training Centers
Authors: Kulik Phoebe K. G. , Alperin Melissa , Todd Barrett Karla S. , Bekemeier Betty , Documet Patricia I. , Francis Kimberly A. , Gloria Christian T. , Healy Erich , Hileman Roger , Kenefick Hope W. , Lederer Alyssa M. , Leider Jonathon P. , McCormick Lisa C. , Prechter Laura , Reynolds Kelly A. , Rogers Megan H. , Rose Barbara , Scallan Walter Elaine J. , Walkner Laurie M. , Zemmel Danielle J. , Power Laura E. 
Published: November 2023

Context:
The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the importance of a strong public health infrastructure for protecting and supporting the health of communities. This includes ensuring an adaptive workforce capable of leading through rapidly changing circumstances, communicating effectively, and applying systems thinking to leverage cross-sector partnerships that help promote health equity. The 10 Regional Public Health Training Centers (PHTCs) advance the capacity of the current and future public health workforce through skill development and technical assistance in these and other strategic areas.

Program:
This study examines activities through which the Regional PHTCs and their partners supported the public health workforce during the pandemic. Representatives of the 10 Regional PHTCs completed a survey in the spring of 2022. The survey included (1) pulling trends in training usage from 2018-2021 annual performance reports and (2) questions assessing the type, content, and reach of training needs assessments, training and technical assistance, student placements, and PHTC Network collaborative activities that occurred from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021. Respondents also reflected on trends in use, challenges, lessons learned, stories of impact, and future PHTC practice.

Evaluation:
During the pandemic, the Regional PHTCs engaged in numerous efforts to assess needs, provide training and technical assistance to the practice community, facilitate projects that built student competency to support public health agency efforts, and collaborate as the PHTC Network on national-level initiatives. Across these activities, the Regional PHTCs adjusted their approaches and learned from each other in order to meet regional needs.

Discussion:
The Regional PHTCs provided student and professional development in foundational public health knowledge and skills within their regions and nationally while being flexible and responsive to the changing needs of the field during the pandemic. Our study highlights opportunities for collaboration and adaptive approaches to public health workforce development in a postpandemic environment.
Alterations and Significance of Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography–Derived Parameters in Older Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Zeng Yuli , Liu Peng , Xie An , Che Yilei , Yi Xi , Liu Si , Sun Wenjie , Liu Jianbin , Wang Guiliang 
Published: November 2023

Objective
This study aimed to investigate changes of computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA)–derived parameters in older adults with acute pulmonary embolism (APE).

Methods
According to the pulmonary artery obstruction index (PAOI), patients with APE were divided into the A1 (PAOI ≥30%, n = 57) and A2 (PAOI <30%, n = 40) groups. Participants without APE were placed in group B (n = 170). The left atrial (LA) and left ventricular (LV) parameters among the three groups were compared, and the parameter changes in the 44 patients with APE were analyzed before and after treatment. The correlation between APE severity and the parameters was analyzed using correlation analysis.

Results
The left-to-right diameters (LR) of LA, and LR × anteroposterior diameters (AP) of LA and LV: A1 < A2 < B; LR of LV: A1 < A2, B; AP of LA and LV: A1, A2 < B. After treatment, LR and LR × AP of the LA and LV were significantly increased in the group A1 and LR of the LV and LR × AP of the LA and LV were elevated in the group A2. Acute pulmonary embolism severity was closely associated with LR × AP (r = −0.557) and LR (r = −0.477) of LA.

Conclusions
With an increase in the degree of obstruction, older adults had a smaller LA and LV. Furthermore, the LR and LR × AP values of the LA were significantly decreased. These results contribute to in-time risk stratification.
Management of pediatric renal trauma: Results from the American Association for Surgery and Trauma Multi-Institutional Pediatric Acute Renal Trauma Study
Authors: Hwang Catalina K. , Matta Rano , Woolstenhulme Jonathan , Britt Alexandra K. , Schaeffer Anthony J. , Zakaluzny Scott A. , Kleber Kara Teresa , Sheikali Adam , Flynn-O’Brien Katherine T. , Sandilos Georgianna , Shimonovich Shachar , Fox Nicole , Hess Alexis B. , Zeller Kristen A. , Koberlein George C. , Levy Brittany E. , Draus John M. , Sacks Marla , Chen Catherine , Luo-Owen Xian , Stephens Jacob Robert , Shah Mit , Burks Frank , Moses Rachel A. , Rezaee Michael E. , Vemulakonda Vijaya M. , Halstead N. Valeska , LaCouture Hunter M. , Nabavizadeh Behnam , Copp Hillary , Breyer Benjamin , Schwartz Ian , Feia Kendall , Pagliara Travis , Shi Jennifer , Neuville Paul , Hagedorn Judith C. 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND
Pediatric renal trauma is rare and lacks sufficient population-specific data to generate evidence-based management guidelines. A nonoperative approach is preferred and has been shown to be safe. However, bleeding risk assessment and management of collecting system injury are not well understood. We introduce the Multi-institutional Pediatric Acute Renal Trauma Study (Mi-PARTS), a retrospective cohort study designed to address these questions. This article describes the demographics and contemporary management of pediatric renal trauma at Level I trauma centers in the United States.

METHODS
Retrospective data were collected at 13 participating Level I trauma centers on pediatric patients presenting with renal trauma between 2010 and 2019. Data were gathered on demographics, injury characteristics, management, and short-term outcomes. Descriptive statistics were used to report on demographics, acute management, and outcomes.

RESULTS
In total, 1,216 cases were included in this study. Of all patients, 67.2% were male, and 93.8% had a blunt injury mechanism. In addition, 29.3% had isolated renal injuries, and 65.6% were high-grade (American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Grades III–V) injuries. The mean Injury Severity Score was 20.5. Most patients were managed nonoperatively (86.4%), and 3.9% had an open surgical intervention, including 2.7% having nephrectomy. Angioembolization was performed in 0.9%. Collecting system intervention was performed in 7.9%. Overall mortality was 3.3% and was only observed in patients with multiple injuries. The rate of avoidable transfer was 28.2%.

CONCLUSION
The management and outcomes of pediatric renal trauma lack data to inform evidence-based guidelines. Nonoperative management of bleeding following renal injury is a well-established practice. Intervention for renal trauma is rare. Our findings reinforce differences from the adult population and highlights opportunities for further investigation. With data made available through Mi-PARTS, we aimed to answer pediatric specific questions, including a pediatric-specific bleeding risk nomogram, and better understanding indications for interventions for collecting system injuries.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Prognostic and Epidemiological; Level IV.
The Impact of Health Technologies on Ostomy Care
Authors: Moulaei Khadijeh , Iranmanesh Elnaz , Ahmadian Leila 
Published: November 2023

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate studies in which health information technology was used to improve ostomy care and management.

METHODS:
Systematic literature review.

SEARCH STRATEGIES:
The review was performed according to PRISMA Guidelines. Three scientific databases, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science, were searched with no time limitation using key words related to information technology and ostomy. The selection of articles and data collection were carried out by 2 reviewers and disagreements were resolved via discussion with a third, independent reviewer.

FINDINGS:
The initial search of electronic databases retrieved 1679 elements; following removal of duplicate records, title and abstract review, and articles read in full for inclusion/exclusion criteria, 10 articles were included in the review. Analysis of findings from studies included in our review addresses technologies used to care for persons living with an ostomy. Elements were divided into 2 categories: (1) sensor-based wearable technologies, which were mostly used to assess the fecal output and fullness of ostomy pouching system, and (2) computer-based, tablet based, and smartphones platforms, which were used for teaching and learning. The most significant outcomes were increasing patients' knowledge and awareness of ostomy, enhancing patient's participation in self-care processes, and improving self-efficacy levels.

IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE:
We found limited research regarding the effectiveness of technology-based interventions on the management of ostomy patients. Findings of this systematic review suggest that the application of technologies has created a positive effect on the management of an ostomy, provided opportunities for enhancing self-efficacy, self-care, and self-management. The results of this study can be a basis for designing efficient technology-based systems for the management of ostomy.
Postpartum hemorrhage prevention and management in women in an inpatient postpartum unit: a best practice implementation project
Authors: Fatherree Debi Lane , Palokas Michelle 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTIntroduction and objectives:Ninety percent of maternal deaths are attributed to postpartum hemorrhage, with 50% being preventable. Annually, University of Mississippi Medical Center staff have more than 20,000 obstetrical encounters and deliver thousands of infants, with ∼75% being high-risk. The mother/baby unit, 3 Wiser, experienced two postpartum hemorrhages in August 2022. Post-event debriefings revealed opportunities for improvement. This project aimed to promote evidence-based practices regarding the prevention and management of postpartum hemorrhage in 3 Wiser.Methods:The project was guided by the JBI Model of Evidence-Based Healthcare and used the JBI Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System together with the Getting Research into Practice audit and feedback strategy. Four evidence-based practices were selected as audit criteria. After baseline audits were conducted, strategies to improve compliance with evidence-based practices were implemented. Finally, a follow-up audit was conducted, and the results of both audits were compared.Results:The baseline audits revealed 84% average compliance with the four evidence-based practices. Strategies to improve compliance included a simulation for nursing staff with a review of postpartum hemorrhage policies and skills. The post-implementation audit revealed 98% average compliance with the four evidence-based practices, a 14% increase from the baseline audit.Conclusions:This evidence implementation project utilized a clinical audit process, which led to improvements in practice related to the prevention and management of postpartum hemorrhage in the inpatient postpartum unit.
Anisotropy distorts the spreading of a fixed volume porous gravity current
Authors: Benham Graham P. 
Published: November 2023

We consider the release and subsequent gravity-driven spreading of a dense finite volume of fluid in an anisotropic porous medium bounded by an impermeable substrate. When the permeability in the vertical direction is much smaller than in the horizontal direction, as is the case in many real geological reservoirs, this restricts the spread of the current to a very thin layer near the impermeable base. Using a combination of asymptotic analysis and finite difference computations of Darcy flow, we show that there exist two distinct flow regimes. At early times, the bulk of the current descends slowly and uniformly, injecting fluid into thin finger-like regions near the base. At much later times, the current transitions to the classical gravity-driven solution and continues to spread with a self-similar shape. One interesting consequence is that the swept volume of the current grows differently depending on the anisotropy of the medium. This has important consequences for managing contaminant spills, where it is important to minimize the contacted volume of the aquifer, or during geological

CO

2

sequestration where a larger contacted volume results in more

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2

being stored.
Methods for Implementing Integrated Step-Selection Functions with Incomplete Data
Authors: Hofmann David D. , Cozzi Gabriele , Fieberg John 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntegrated step-selection analyses (iSSAs) are versatile and powerful frameworks for studying habitat and movement preferences of tracked animals. iSSAs utilize integrated step-selection functions (iSSFs) to model movements in discrete time, and thus, require animal location data that are regularly spaced in time. However, many realworld datasets are incomplete due to tracking devices failing to locate an individual at one or more scheduled times, leading to slight irregularities in the duration between consecutive animal locations. To address this issue, researchers typically only consider bursts of regular data (i.e., sequences of locations that are equally spaced in time), thereby reducing the number of observations used to model movement and habitat selection. We reassess this practice and explore four alternative approaches that account for temporal irregularity resulting from missing data. Using a simulation study, we compare these alternatives to a baseline approach where temporal irregularity is ignored and demonstrate the potential improvements in model performance that can be gained by leveraging these additional data.
Development of Portable Electronic Health Record Based Algorithms to Identify Individuals with Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Breeyear Joseph H. , Mitchell Sabrina L. , Nealon Cari L. , Hellwege Jacklyn N. , Charest Brian , Khakharia Anjali , Halladay Christopher W. , Yang Janine , Garriga Gustavo A. , Wilson Otis D. , Basnet Til B. , Hung Adriana M. , Reaven Peter D. , Meigs James B , Rhee Mary K , Sun Yang , Lynch Mary G. , Sobrin Lucia , Brantley Milam A. , Sun Yan V. , Wilson Peter W. , Iyengar Sudha K. , Peachey Neal S. , Phillips Lawrence S. , Edwards Todd L. , Giri Ayush 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo develop, validate and implement algorithms to identify diabetic retinopathy (DR) cases and controls from electronic health care records (EHR)s.Methods: We developed and validated EHR-based algorithms to identify DR cases and individuals with type I or II diabetes without DR (controls) in three independent EHR systems: Vanderbilt University Medical Center Synthetic Derivative (VUMC), the VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System (VANEOHS), and Massachusetts General Brigham (MGB). Cases were required to meet one of three criteria: 1) two or more dates with any DR ICD-9/10 code documented in the EHR, or 2) at least one affirmative health-factor or EPIC code for DR along with an ICD9/10 code for DR on a different day, or 3) at least one ICD-9/10 code for any DR occurring within 24 hours of an ophthalmology exam. Criteria for controls included affirmative evidence for diabetes as well as an ophthalmology exam.ResultsThe algorithms, developed and evaluated in VUMC through manual chart review, resulted in a positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.93 for cases and negative predictive value (NPV) of 0.97 for controls. Implementation of algorithms yielded similar metrics in VANEOHS (PPV=0.94; NPV=0.86) and lower in MGB (PPV=0.84; NPV=0.76). In comparison, use of DR definition as implemented in Phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) in VUMC, yielded similar PPV (0.92) but substantially reduced NPV (0.48). Implementation of the algorithms to the Million Veteran Program identified over 62,000 DR cases with genetic data including 14,549 African Americans and 6,209 Hispanics with DR.Conclusions/DiscussionWe demonstrate the robustness of the algorithms at three separate health-care centers, with a minimum PPV of 0.84 and substantially improved NPV than existing high-throughput methods. We strongly encourage independent validation and incorporation of features unique to each EHR to enhance algorithm performance for DR cases and controls.
Integration of ζ-deficient CARs into theCD3-zetagene conveys potent cytotoxicity in T and NK cells
Authors: Kath Jonas , Franke Clemens , Drosdek Vanessa , Du Weijie , Glaser Viktor , Fuster-Garcia Carla , Stein Maik , Zittel Tatiana , Schulenberg Sarah , Porter Caroline E. , Andersch Lena , Künkele Annette , Alcaniz Joshua , Hoffmann Jens , Abken Hinrich , Abou-el-Enein Mohamed , Pruß Axel , Suzuki Masataka , Cathomen Toni , Stripecke Renata , Volk Hans-Dieter , Reinke Petra , Schmueck-Henneresse Michael , Wagner Dimitrios L. 
Published: November 2023

I.AbstractChimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-reprogrammed immune cells hold significant therapeutic potential for oncology, autoimmune diseases, transplant medicine, and infections. All approved CAR-T therapies rely on personalized manufacturing using undirected viral gene transfer, which results in non-physiological regulation of CAR-signaling and limits their accessibility due to logistical challenges, high costs and biosafety requirements. Here, we propose a novel approach utilizing CRISPR-Cas gene editing to redirect T cells and natural killer (NK) cells with CARs. By transferring shorter, truncated CAR-transgenes lacking a main activation domain into the humanCD3ζ(CD247)gene, functional CAR fusion-genes are generated that exploit the endogenousCD3ζ gene as the CAR’s activation domain. Repurposing this T/NK-cell lineage gene facilitated physiological regulation of CAR-expression and reprogramming of various immune cell types, including conventional T cells, TCRγ/δ T cells, regulatory T cells, and NK cells. In T cells,CD3ζ in-frame fusion eliminated TCR surface expression, reducing the risk of graft-versus-host disease in allogeneic off-the-shelf settings.CD3ζ-CD19-CAR-T cells exhibited comparable leukemia control toT cell receptor alpha constant(TRAC)-replaced and lentivirus-transduced CAR-T cellsin vivo. Tuning ofCD3ζ-CAR-expression levels significantly improved thein vivoefficacy. Compared toTRAC-edited CAR-T cells, integration of a Her2-CAR intoCD3ζ conveyed similarin vitrotumor lysis but reduced susceptibility to activation-induced cell death and differentiation, presumably due to lower CAR-expression levels. Notably,CD3ζ gene editing enabled reprogramming of NK cells without impairing their canonical functions. Thus,CD3ζ gene editing is a promising platform for the development of allogeneic off-the-shelf cell therapies using redirected killer lymphocytes.Key pointsIntegration of ζ-deficient CARs intoCD3ζ gene allows generation of functional TCR-ablated CAR-T cells for allogeneic off-the-shelf useCD3ζ-editing platform allows CAR reprogramming of NK cells without affecting their canonical functions
An agent based model (ABM) to reproduce the boolean logic behaviour of neuronal self organized communities through pulse delay modulation and generation of logic gates
Authors: Irastorza-Valera Luis , Benitez José María , Montáns Francisco J. , Saucedo-Mora Luis 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe human brain is arguably the most complex “machine” to ever exist. Its detailed functioning is yet to be fully understood, let alone modeled. Neurological processes have logical signal-processing aspects and biophysical aspects, and both affect the brain structure, functioning and adaptation. Mathematical approaches based on both information and graph theory have been extensively used in an attempt to approximate its biological functioning, along with Artificial Intelligence approaches inspired by its logical functioning. In this article, we present an approach to model some aspects of the brain learning and signal processing, mimicking the metastability and backpropagation found in the real brain while also accounting for neuroplasticity. Several simulations are carried out with this model, to demonstrate how dynamic neuroplasticity, neural inhibition and neurons migration can remodel the brain logical connectivity to syncronize signal processing and obtain target latencies. This work demonstrates the importance of dynamic logical and biophysical remodelling in brain plasticity.
Characterization of a Novel Mouse Platelet Transfusion Model
Authors: Gordy Dominique , Swayne Theresa , Berry Gregory J. , Thomas Tiffany A. , Hudson Krystalyn E. , Stone Elizabeth F. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDPlatelet transfusions are increasing with advances in medical care. Based on FDA criteria, platelet units are assessed byin vitromeasures; however, it is not known how platelet processing and storage duration affect functionin vivo. To address this, we developed a novel platelet transfusion model that meets FDA criteria adapted to mice, and transfused fresh and stored platelets are detected in clotsin vivo.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSPlatelet units stored in mouse plasma were prepared using a modified platelet rich plasma collection protocol. Characteristics of fresh and stored units, including pH, cell count, in vitro measures of activity, including activation and aggregation, and post-transfusion recovery (PTR), were determined. Lastly, a tail transection assay was conducted using mice transfused with fresh or stored units, and transfused platelets were identified by confocal imaging.RESULTSPlatelet units had acceptable platelet and white cell counts and were negative for bacterial contamination. Fresh and 1-day stored units had acceptable pH; the platelets were activatable by thrombin and ADP, aggregable with thrombin, had acceptable PTR, and were presentin vivoin clots of recipients after tail transection. In contrast, 2-day stored units had clinically unacceptable quality.DISCUSSIONWe developed mouse platelets for transfusion analogous to human platelet units using a modified platelet rich plasma collection protocol with maximum storage of 1 day for an “old” unit. This provides a powerful tool to test how process modifications and storage conditions affect transfused platelet functionin vivo.
Nucleoporin93 (Nup93) Limits Yap Activity to Prevent Endothelial Cell Senescence
Authors: Nguyen Tung D. , Rao Mihir K. , Dhyani Shaiva P. , Banks Justin M. , Winek Michael A. , Michalkiewicz Julka , Lee Monica Y. 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARYEndothelial cells (ECs) form the innermost lining of the vasculature and serve a pivotal role in preventing age-related vascular disease. Endothelial health relies on the proper nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of transcription factors via nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). Emerging studies report NPC degradation with natural aging, suggesting impaired nucleocytoplasmic transport in age-related EC dysfunction. We herein identify nucleoporin93 (Nup93), a crucial structural NPC protein, as an indispensable player for vascular protection. Endothelial Nup93 protein levels are significantly reduced in the vasculature of aged mice, paralleling observations of Nup93 loss when usingin vitromodels of endothelial aging. Mechanistically, we find that loss of Nup93 impairs NPC transport, leading to the nuclear accumulation of Yap and downstream inflammation. Collectively, our findings indicate maintenance of endothelial Nup93 as a key determinant of EC health, where aging targets endothelial Nup93 levels to impair NPC function as a novel mechanism for EC senescence and vascular aging.