bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of leisure satisfaction on perceived risk of infectious disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from new worker classes
Authors: Kim Young-Jae , Ban Young-Min , Kang Seung-Woo 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThis study examines how job market changes affect individuals’ leisure choices and satisfaction, focusing on worker classes that have undergone daily life changes (e.g., economic and social activities) due to the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.MethodsA population-based cross-sectional study design was employed. South Korean workers aged 20–59 years answered an online survey administered from September 14 to October 4, 2021. Ultimately, 764 responses were used in the analysis. The measures used in this study consisted of factors affecting infectious disease risk perception and leisure satisfaction among the six new worker classes that emerged during the pandemic, according to socio-demographic status.ResultsThe results showed that among male participants, social, emotional, physical, environmental, and educational factors of leisure satisfaction were more strongly affected, with higher social, physical, and interpersonal relationships being factors in the perception of infectious disease risk. Among female participants, the interpersonal relationship factor of perceived risk was significantly affected by the social, emotional, and educational factors of leisure satisfaction. Interpersonal relationships, affected leisure satisfaction among members of Classes 1–3, who experienced no change in pay. However, for the members of Class6 who experienced a decrease in pay, the economic factor negatively affected leisure satisfaction and played a pivotal role in our findings.ConclusionThis study verified the risk factors that inhibit leisure satisfaction among new worker classes that emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the psychological health of people suffering pandemic-related financial constraints was affected, as they experienced a lower quality of life owing to reduced leisure activities and satisfaction.
Thirty-two-year trends of cancer incidence by sex and cancer site in the Veneto Region from 1987 to 2019
Authors: Buja Alessandra , De Luca Giuseppe , Zorzi Manuel , Bovo Emanuela , Mocellin Simone , Trevisiol Chiara , Bronte Vincenzo , Guzzinati Stefano , Rugge Massimo 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThis observational study considers the sex-specific incidence of the most incident cancers as recorded in the population-based Veneto Regional Cancer Registry over a period of more than 30 years (1987-2019).MethodsThe Veneto Regional Cancer Registry collected data for the time interval 1987–2019. Significant changes in incidence trends calculated on age-standardized incidence rates (Annual Percent Change—APC) were identified by join point regression analysis.ResultsOverall, the incidence trend for all cancers decreased in males and remained stable in females. In nine cancer sites, the incidence trends showed consistent differences by sex (oral cavity, esophagus, colon rectum and anus, liver, larynx, lung, cutaneous malignant melanoma, bladder, and thyroid gland). Other malignancies did not show significant sex-related differences (stomach, pancreas, biliary tract, kidney/urinary tract, central nervous system, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and leukemia).ConclusionIn the period 1987–2019, this study revealed sex-related differences in cancer incidence trends. Over time, cancer incidence remained higher in males, with a decreasing epidemiological impact, plausibly resulting from prevention campaigns against environmental cancer risk factors, as tobacco and alcohol. Conversely, a significant decrease was not observed in the incidence trend in females. These findings contribute essential insights for profiling the epidemiological map of cancer in a large Italian population, allowing comparison with other European cancer epidemiology studies and providing updated data supporting sex-related primary and secondary cancer prevention strategies.
Prevalence of depressive symptoms and correlates among individuals who self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infection after optimizing the COVID-19 response in China
Authors: Wei Liangjia , Qin Jiao , Lin Zhifeng , Huang Xinju , He Jinfeng , Yu Dee , Zhang Fei , Li Sisi , Cen Ping , Li Mu , Luo Tong , Zhang Rongjing , Zhong Shanmei , Qin Cai , Li Zeyu , Yang Yuan , Pan Huiqi , Zhao Mengdi , Wu Xiaoqiong , Jiang Junjun , Liang Hao , Ye Li , Liang Bingyu 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe burden of depression symptoms has increased among individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 during COVID-19 pandemic. However, the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms among individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 remain uncertain after optimizing the COVID-19 response in China.MethodsAn online cross-sectional survey was conducted among the public from January 6 to 30, 2023, using a convenience sampling method. Sociodemographic and COVID-19 pandemic-related factors were collected. The depression symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the associated factors with depressive symptoms.ResultsA total of 2,726 participants completed the survey. The prevalence of depression symptoms was 35.3%. About 58% of the participants reported experiencing insufficient drug supply. More than 40% of participants reported that they had missed healthcare appointments or delayed treatment. One-third of participants responded experiencing a shortage of healthcare staff and a long waiting time during medical treatment. Logistic regression analysis revealed several factors that were associated with depression symptoms, including sleep difficulties (OR, 2.84; 95% CI, 2.34–3.44), chronic diseases (OR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.64–2.82), inpatient treatment for COVID-19 (OR, 3.24; 95% CI, 2.19–4.77), with COVID-19 symptoms more than 13 days (OR, 1.30, 95% CI 1.04–1.63), re-infection with SARS-CoV-2 (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.07–2.15), and the increased in demand for healthcare services (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.08–1.61).ConclusionThis study reveals a moderate prevalence of depression symptoms among individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2. The findings underscore the importance of continued focus on depressive symptoms among vulnerable individuals, including those with sleeping difficulties, chronic diseases, and inpatient treatment for COVID-19. It is necessary to provide mental health services and psychological interventions for these vulnerable groups during the COVID-19 epidemic.
Acute health symptoms related to perception and practice of pesticides use among farmers from all regions of Thailand
Authors: Sapbamrer Ratana , Sittitoon Nalin , Thongtip Sakesun , Chaipin Eakasit , Sutalangka Chatchada , Chaiut Wilawan , La-up Aroon , Thirarattanasunthon Phiman , Thammachai Ajchamon , Suwannakul Boonsita , Sangkarit Noppharath , Kitro Amornphat , Panumasvivat Jinjuta 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionOccupational exposure to pesticides may cause acute health effects for farmers and agricultural workers. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the prevalence of poisoning symptoms related pesticide exposure among farmers from all regions of Thailand, as well as factors linked to poisoning symptoms of neurological and neuromuscular systems, the respiratory system, and eye and skin disorders.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted in 4,035 farmers who lived in four regions of Thailand. The samples were chosen using stratified random sampling, with 746 for the Central region, 2,065 for the North-East, 586 for the North, and 638 for the South.ResultsThe results found that the highest prevalence of poisoning symptoms was found in association with neurological and neuromuscular systems (75%), followed by the respiratory system (60.4%), the eyes (41.2%), and skin (14.8%). The most prevalent symptoms were muscle pain (49%) for neurological and neuromuscular symptoms, burning nose (37.6%) for respiratory symptoms, itchy eyes (26.3%) for eye symptoms, and rashes (14.4%) for skin symptoms. The remarkable findings were that types of pesticide use, task on the farm, types of pesticide sprayers, and perception are the crucial factors affecting all poisoning symptoms.DiscussionThe findings are also beneficial to the Thai government and other relevant organizations for launching measures, campaigns, or interventions to lower modifiable risk factors, resulting in reducing health risks associated with pesticide exposure.
Anxiety and associated factors in Northwest Ethiopian pregnant women: a broad public health concern
Authors: Haile Tsion Tadesse , Kebede Azmeraw Ambachew , Gessesse Dereje Nibret , Tsega Nuhamin Tesfa , Aklil Mastewal Belayneh , Temesgan Wubedle Zelalem , Anteneh Tazeb Alemu , Tibebu Nebiyu Solomon , Alemu Haymanot Nigatu , Seyoum Asmra Tesfahun , Tiguh Agumas Eskezia , Yismaw Ayenew Engida , Mihret Muhabaw Shumye , Nenko Goshu , Wondie Kindu Yinges , Taye Birhan Tsegaw , Abegaz Marta Yimam 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionPregnancy-related anxiety is a prevalent mental health issue that mostly affects women in low-income countries such as Ethiopia. It has been linked to unfavorable pregnancy outcomes, such as miscarriage, prematurity, and low birth weight. However, it has often received less attention, and community-based evidence lacks its prevalence and associated factors. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of anxiety in Northwest Ethiopian pregnant women in Gondar city.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 July to 30 August 2021 in Gondar city. A cluster sampling technique was used to select a sample of 872 pregnant women, and in-person interviews were conducted to gather data. Descriptive and analytical statistical procedures were carried out.ResultsOf the participants, pregnancy-related anxiety was reported in 29.4% (95% CI: 26.3, 32.4) of women. The likelihood of having anxiety was higher among women who had known medical illness (AOR = 3.16; 95% CI: 1.8, 5.35), loneliness (AOR = 2.52; 95% CI: 1.34, 4.73), depression (AOR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.48, 3.85), poor social support (AOR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.21, 3.07), and intimate partner violence (AOR = 2.87; 95% CI: 2.04, 4.04).ConclusionIn this study, three out of ten women have suffered from anxiety. It is strongly advised to identify and treat known medical illnesses early in pregnancy, enhance social support, diagnose and treat depression, and limit intimate partner violence through multimodal and integrative activities with concerned bodies.
Peer effects and health impacts of different body cognitive biases in children: micro evidence from China
Authors: Zhang Yun , Wang Xueying , Zhu Weiqiang 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundIn China, children commonly display body cognitive biases, which constitute a significant yet hidden public health issue. These biases potentially jeopardize children’s well-being, hinder the cultivation of human capital, and impede societal progress. However, limited research employs theoretical analysis and econometric testing to investigate the formation of different body cognitive biases among Chinese children and their health impacts.MethodsBased on a local average network model for theoretical analysis, this study utilizes a sample of 4,289 children from four phases of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) conducted from 2004 to 2011. Utilizing Logit and IV Probit models, systematically evaluate the peer effect, heterogeneity of effects, and health impacts of children’s different body cognitive biases.Results(1) The peer effect contributes to the development of light- and heavy-body cognitive biases in Chinese children. (2) The heterogeneity analysis shows that the peer effect of body cognitive biases is more significant in rural and female children. (3) The influence of heavy-body cognitive bias is more pronounced in adolescent children. (4) The “eating-activity balance” is disrupted by the two body cognitive biases in children, leading to deviations from normal body type. (5) Specifically, the light-body cognitive bias leads children to intake more and burn fewer calories, increasing their risk of obesity. (6) Conversely, the heavy-body cognitive bias prompts children to intake less and expend more calories, resulting in a higher prevalence of thinness.DiscussionThis study innovates by exploring peer effects on body cognitive biases in Chinese children, elucidating their direction and health implications. While overweight and obesity are recognized as overt health issues, the spread and impact of implicit issues like body cognitive biases should not be overlooked. Nevertheless, the issue is largely neglected in developing countries, such as China, where existing children’s health policies are inadequate in addressing it. Promoting accurate body image perception and understanding of health prevention strategies among children requires adequate attention to peer effects.
Regional geographies and public health lessons of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Arctic
Authors: Tiwari Sweta , Petrov Andrey N. , Golosov Nikolay , Devlin Michele , Welford Mark , DeGroote John , Degai Tatiana , Ksenofontov Stanislav 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesThis study examines the COVID-19 pandemic’s spatiotemporal dynamics in 52 sub-regions in eight Arctic states. This study further investigates the potential impact of early vaccination coverage on subsequent COVID-19 outcomes within these regions, potentially revealing public health insights of global significance.MethodsWe assessed the outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic in Arctic sub-regions using three key epidemiological variables: confirmed cases, confirmed deaths, and case fatality ratio (CFR), along with vaccination rates to evaluate the effectiveness of the early vaccination campaign on the later dynamics of COVID-19 outcomes in these regions.ResultsFrom February 2020 to February 2023, the Arctic experienced five distinct waves of COVID-19 infections and fatalities. However, most Arctic regions consistently maintained Case Fatality Ratios (CFRs) below their respective national levels throughout these waves. Further, the regression analysis indicated that the impact of initial vaccination coverage on subsequent cumulative mortality rates and Case Fatality Ratio (CFR) was inverse and statistically significant. A common trend was the delayed onset of the pandemic in the Arctic due to its remoteness. A few regions, including Greenland, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Northern Canada, Finland, and Norway, experienced isolated spikes in cases at the beginning of the pandemic with minimal or no fatalities. In contrast, Alaska, Northern Sweden, and Russia had generally high death rates, with surges in cases and fatalities.ConclusionAnalyzing COVID-19 data from 52 Arctic subregions shows significant spatial and temporal variations in the pandemic’s severity. Greenland, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Northern Canada, Finland, and Norway exemplify successful pandemic management models characterized by low cases and deaths. These outcomes can be attributed to successful vaccination campaigns, and proactive public health initiatives along the delayed onset of the pandemic, which reduced the impact of COVID-19, given structural and population vulnerabilities. Thus, the Arctic experience of COVID-19 informs preparedness for future pandemic-like public health emergencies in remote regions and marginalized communities worldwide that share similar contexts.
Determinants of physical activity behavior among older adults with subjective cognitive decline based on the capability, opportunity, motivation, and behavior model: mediating and moderating effects
Authors: Chen Yiping , Li Wei , Yang Hui 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundPA is vital for secondary prevention in older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), but their physical activity (PA) levels are low, and the underlying interaction pathways among associated factors are poorly understood. This study aims to identify mediating and moderating effects of determinants on PA behavior in older adults with SCD using the capability, opportunity, motivation, and behavior model.MethodsFollowing the STROBE checklist, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among 289 older adults with SCD. Path regression, mediation effects, and moderation effects were used to explore the associated factors of PA behavior and the associations among these variables.ResultsThe prevalence of physical inactivity among older adults with SCD was high (40.3%). The path model fit indices were χ2/df = 1.145, GFI = 0.968, CFI = 0.988, and RMSEA = 0.022. Path regression revealed that frailty, physical and social support, PA motivation, and fall history had significant direct association with PA behavior. PA motivation not only partially mediates between frailty and PA behavior but also partially mediates between physical and social support and PA behavior. Additionally, fall history moderated the relationship between frailty and PA behavior.ConclusionPA behavior in older adults with SCD requires improvement. Healthcare professionals should devise more effective interventions to boost PA behavior by enhancing motivation. Screening for frailty and addressing fall history, while providing sufficient physical and social support, is crucial.
Predicting disease onset from electronic health records for population health management: a scalable and explainable Deep Learning approach
Authors: Grout Robert , Gupta Rishab , Bryant Ruby , Elmahgoub Mawada A. , Li Yijie , Irfanullah Khushbakht , Patel Rahul F. , Fawkes Jake , Inness Catherine 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe move from a reactive model of care which treats conditions when they arise to a proactive model which intervenes early to prevent adverse healthcare events will benefit from advances in the predictive capabilities of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning. This paper investigates the ability of a Deep Learning (DL) approach to predict future disease diagnosis from Electronic Health Records (EHR) for the purposes of Population Health Management.MethodsIn this study, embeddings were created using a Word2Vec algorithm from structured vocabulary commonly used in EHRs e.g., Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT) codes. This study is based on longitudinal medical data from ~50 m patients in the USA. We introduced a novel method of including binned observation values into an embeddings model. We also included novel features associated with wider determinants of health. Patient records comprising these embeddings were then fed to a Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) model to predict the likelihood of patients developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD), Hypertension or experiencing an Acute Myocardial Infarction (MI) in the next 3 years. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values were calculated to achieve model explainability.ResultsIncreasing the data scope to include binned observations and wider determinants of health was found to improve predictive performance. We achieved an area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve value of 0.92 for Diabetes prediction, 0.94 for COPD, 0.92 for Hypertension and 0.94 for MI. The SHAP values showed that the models had learned features known to be associated with these outcomes.DiscussionThe DL approach outlined in this study can identify clinically-relevant features from large-scale EHR data and use these to predict future disease outcomes. This study highlights the promise of DL solutions for identifying patients at future risk of disease and providing clinicians with the means to understand and evaluate the drivers of those predictions.
Efficacy of psychomotor therapy for children and adolescents with anxiety disorders—a systematic literature review
Authors: Vriend Evelien , Moeijes Janet , Scheffers Mia 
Published: January 2024

Specific Phobia (SP), Generalized Anxiety Disorders (GAD), and Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) are the most prevalent anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Although anxiety has a major influence on the body, evidence-based treatments mainly focus on cognitive and behavioral aspects of anxiety. Body- and movement-oriented interventions, such as psychomotor therapy (PMT), address the physical aspects. Bodily experience and interoceptive awareness are used to change behavior, cognition, and emotions. This review aimed to provide an overview of the efficacy of PMT for children and adolescents aged 0–18 years with SP, GAD, or SAD.MethodData were collected in PsycINFO, Medline, Embase, ERIC, and Web of Science, from January 2020 until April 2022. Two independent researchers (EV and JM) selected the articles and performed a critical appraisal.ResultsFrom 1,438 articles found, only one article met the inclusion criteria.ConclusionNo consensus-based statement about the efficacy of PMT in children and adolescents with SP, GAD, or SAD can be made due to the gap in the literature. Future research is needed to evaluate the efficacy. The first step may be to design treatment protocols. Subsequently, these protocols may be evaluated concerning efficacy.
Canadian dentists’ awareness and views on early childhood caries and its prevention and management
Authors: Levesque Joshua , Ghotra Suhird , Mittermuller Betty-Anne , DeMaré Daniella , Lee Victor H. K. , Cruz de Jesus Vivianne , Olatosi Olubukola O. , Alai-Towfigh Hamideh , Schroth Robert J. 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe Canadian Dental Association (CDA) recommends children visit a dentist within 6 months of the eruption of their first tooth or by 12 months of age. The aim of this study was to investigate Canadian dentists’ awareness and views on early childhood caries (ECC) and its prevention and management.MethodsThis study analyzed a subset of questions relating to dentists’ knowledge of ECC and prevention strategies, from a national survey of general and pediatric dentists, commissioned by the CDA in 2013. Analyses included descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered significant.ResultsThree thousand two hundred thirty-two out of 14,747 dentists responded (response rate of 21.9%), with 95.1% having heard of ECC. Overall, 60.9% of respondents reported that they were comfortable providing treatment to children with ECC. Significant differences were found between the number of years in practice and whether dentists were or were not comfortable providing prevention (19.5 ± 12.6 years vs. 25.4 ± 12.1 years; p &lt; 0.001) or treatment for patients with ECC (19.1 ± 12.7 years vs. 22.5 ± 12.3 years; p &lt; 0.001). Pediatric dentists (OR = 6.92; 95% CI: 2.57, 18.61), female dentists (OR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.24), dentists practicing in smaller urban areas (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.28), and dentists who were aware of the CDA's position on ECC (OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.41) were more likely to be comfortable providing treatment for children with ECC.ConclusionsWhile the majority of Canadian dentists have sufficient knowledge of ECC, not all are comfortable providing oral health care services to children at a young age. It is encouraging however, that most dentists are wanting additional oral health resources designed for education on ECC prevention for parents of young children.