bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of electromagnetic propagation inside jet engine environment using statistical electromagnetic approach
Authors: Krishna A. , Abdelaziz A. F. , Khattab T. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the distribution of the electromagnetic field inside a complex jet engine environment is analyzed using statistical electromagnetics. The jet engine environment is an extremely complex geometry and exhibits random behavior due to the presence of moving metallic parts. This renders traditional analytical and simulation modeling techniques highly inefficient. To address this issue, two different approaches are proposed to model the propagation characteristics of the jet engine environment. The first is an innovative dynamic system approach based on dynamic system simulation which is inspired by the analysis of mechanically stirred reverberation chambers. In the dynamic system simulation the dynamic system, which is characterized by the rotation of a distinct set of blades, is primarily studied through the simulation program. A dimension scaling method is also introduced along with the dynamic system simulation to solve the complex jet engine environment. In the second approach, a novel statistical excitation method is applied to develop an equivalent model for the dynamic jet engine system. The studied jet engine is considered as a static jet engine system without blade rotation (static blades), but with a random excitation.A small signal analysis method is used to integrate the static and dynamic system parameters to generate random excitation characteristics of the static system. The extracted electric field values from the dynamic jet engine simulation environment and the static system field values from the small signal analysis have been analyzed statistically to prove the statistical equality between the two systems. The numerical results of the static system model are presented and verified through comparison with finite element method simulation packages.
Photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes using reduced graphene oxide (rGO)
Authors: Shabil Sha Mizaj , Anwar Hayarunnisa , Musthafa Farzana N. , Al-Lohedan Hamad , Alfarwati Sarya , Rajabathar Jothi Ramalingam , Khalid Alahmad Johaina , Cabibihan John-John , Karnan Muthusamy , Kumar Sadasivuni Kishor 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhotocatalysts have developed into a successful strategy for degrading synthetic and organic toxins, such as chemicals and dyes, in wastewater. In this study, graphene oxide was reduced at different temperatures and used for degrading indigo carmine and neutral red dyes. The wide surface areas, strong adsorption sites, and oxygen functionalities of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) at 250 °C (rGO-250) produced more photocatalytic degradation efficiency and adsorption percentage. The catalyst dosage, initial dye concentration, solution pH and recyclability were all used to optimize the photocatalytic activity of rGO-250. This research presents a capable nano-adsorbent photocatalyst for the efficient degradation of organic dyes. GO and rGOs were also investigated for carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption properties. Results showed that rGO-250 has better CO2 adsorption properties than other rGOs. Overall, it was observed that rGO-250 has better photocatalytic and CO2 adsorption capabilities compared to graphene oxide reduced at different temperatures.
Sex differences in colonic gene expression and fecal microbiota composition in a mouse model of obesity-associated colorectal cancer
Authors: Chang Yoo-Mee , Kang Yoo-Ree , Lee Yu-Gyeong , Sung Mi-Kyung 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the sex-specific correlation between obesity and colorectal cancer emphasizing a more pronounced association in males. Estrogen, chromosomal genes, and gut bacteria were assessed in C57BL6/J male, female and ovariectomized (OVX) female mice, subjected to either a low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 14 weeks. Induction of colon tumor involved azoxymethane (10 mg/kg) administration, followed by three cycles of dextran sulfate sodium. Male mice on HFD exhibited higher final body weight and increased colon tumors compared to females. Colonic mucin 2 expression was significantly higher in females. HFD-modulated differentially expressed genes numbered 290 for males, 64 for females, and 137 for OVX females. Only one up-regulated gene (Gfra3) overlapped between females and OVX females, while two down-regulated genes (Thrsp and Gbp11) overlapped between males and OVX females. Genes up-regulated by HFD in males were linked to cytokine-cytokine interaction, HIF-1 signaling pathway, central carbon metabolism in cancer. Sex-specific changes in gut microbial composition in response to HFD were observed. These findings suggest a male-specific vulnerability to HFD-induced colon tumor formation, implicating key genes and colonic bacteria in colon tumorigenesis.
Low-force human–human hand interactions induce gait changes through sensorimotor engagement instead of direct mechanical effects
Authors: Wu Mengnan , Hackney Madeleine E. , Ting Lena H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhysical human–robot interactions (pHRI) often provide mechanical force and power to aid walking without requiring voluntary effort from the human. Alternatively, principles of physical human–human interactions (pHHI) can inspire pHRI that aids walking by engaging human sensorimotor processes. We hypothesize that low-force pHHI can intuitively induce a person to alter their walking through haptic communication. In our experiment, an expert partner dancer influenced novice participants to alter step frequency solely through hand interactions. Without prior instruction, training, or knowledge of the expert’s goal, novices decreased step frequency 29% and increased step frequency 18% based on low forces (< 20 N) at the hand. Power transfer at the hands was 3–700 × smaller than what is necessary to propel locomotion, suggesting that hand interactions did not mechanically constrain the novice’s gait. Instead, the sign/direction of hand forces and power may communicate information about how to alter walking. Finally, the expert modulated her arm effective dynamics to match that of each novice, suggesting a bidirectional haptic communication strategy for pHRI that adapts to the human. Our results provide a framework for developing pHRI at the hand that may be applicable to assistive technology and physical rehabilitation, human-robot manufacturing, physical education, and recreation.
Cold atmospheric plasma stabilizes mismatch repair for effective, uniform treatment of diverse colorectal cancer cell types
Authors: He Yuanyuan , Lu Fu , Jiang Chenmin , Gong Fanwu , Wu Zhengwei , Ostrikov Kostya 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMismatch Repair (MMR) mechanisms play a pivotal role in rectifying DNA replication errors and maintaining the stability of DNA microsatellite structure. Colorectal cancer (CRC) can be characterized into microsatellite stability (MSS) and microsatellite instability (MSI) subtypes based on the functionality of MMR. MSI CRC notably exhibits enhanced chemotherapy resistance, attributable to diminished MMR-related protein expression. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has emerged as a promising treatment modality, demonstrating efficacy in inducing apoptosis in various cancer cells. However, the therapeutic impact of CAP on MSI colorectal cancer, and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the effects of CAP on MSI (MC38, HCT116, and LOVO) and MSS (CT26 and HT29) CRC cell lines. We are probing into the products of CAP treatment. Our findings indicate that CAP treatment induces comparable effects on apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), as well as the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in both MSI and MSS cells. Mechanistically, CAP treatment led to an elevation in the expression of mismatch repair proteins (MLH1 and MSH2), particularly in MSI cells, which notably have been proven to facilitate the activation of apoptosis-related proteins. Collectively, our study reveals that CAP enhances apoptotic signaling and induces apoptosis in MSI colorectal cancer cells by upregulating the expression of MMR-related proteins, thereby reinforcing MMR stabilization.
WiFi-based non-contact human presence detection technology
Authors: Zhang Yang , Wang Xuechun , Wen Jinghao , Zhu Xianxun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the swiftly evolving landscape of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, the demand for adaptive non-contact sensing has seen a considerable surge. Traditional human perception technologies, such as vision-based approaches, often grapple with problems including lack of sensor versatility and sub-optimal accuracy. To address these issues, this paper introduces a novel, non-contact method for human presence perception, relying on WiFi. This innovative approach involves a sequential process, beginning with the pre-processing of collected Channel State Information (CSI), followed by feature extraction, and finally, classification. By establishing signal models that correspond to varying states, this method enables the accurate perception and recognition of human presence. Remarkably, this technique exhibits a high level of precision, with sensing accuracy reaching up to 99$$\%$$
%
. The potential applications of this approach are extensive, proving to be particularly beneficial in contexts such as smart homes and healthcare, amongst various other everyday scenarios. This underscores the significant role this novel method could play in enhancing the sophistication and effectiveness of human presence detection and recognition systems in the IoT era.
Development and validation of a risk calculator for postoperative diplopia following orbital fracture repair in adults
Authors: Hassan Bashar , Hricz Nicholas , Er Seray , Yoon Joshua , Resnick Eric , Liang Fan , Yang Robin , Manson Paul N. , Grant Michael P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPostoperative diplopia is the most common complication following orbital fracture repair (OFR). Existing evidence on its risk factors is based on single-institution studies and small sample sizes. Our study is the first multi-center study to develop and validate a risk calculator for the prediction of postoperative diplopia following OFR. We reviewed trauma patients who underwent OFR at two high-volume trauma centers (2015–2019). Excluded were patients < 18 years old and those with postoperative follow-up < 2 weeks. Our primary outcome was incidence/persistence of postoperative diplopia at ≥ 2 weeks. A risk model for the prediction of postoperative diplopia was derived using a development dataset (70% of population) and validated using a validation dataset (remaining 30%). The C-statistic and Hosmer–Lemeshow tests were used to assess the risk model accuracy. A total of n = 254 adults were analyzed. The factors that predicted postoperative diplopia were: age at injury, preoperative enophthalmos, fracture size/displacement, surgical timing, globe/soft tissue repair, and medial wall involvement. Our predictive model had excellent discrimination (C-statistic = 80.4%), calibration (P = 0.2), and validation (C-statistic = 80%). Our model rules out postoperative diplopia with a 100% sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) for a probability < 8.9%. Our predictive model rules out postoperative diplopia with an 87.9% sensitivity and a 95.8% NPV for a probability < 13.4%. We designed the first validated risk calculator that can be used as a powerful screening tool to rule out postoperative diplopia following OFR in adults.
Dynamic changes in the mouse hepatic lipidome following warm ischemia reperfusion injury
Authors: Liss Kim H. H. , Mousa Muhammad , Bucha Shria , Lutkewitte Andrew , Allegood Jeremy , Cowart L. Ashley , Finck Brian N. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLiver failure secondary to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become the most common cause for liver transplantation in many parts of the world. Moreover, the prevalence of MASLD not only increases the demand for liver transplantation, but also limits the supply of suitable donor organs because steatosis predisposes grafts to ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI). There are currently no pharmacological interventions to limit hepatic IRI because the mechanisms by which steatosis leads to increased injury are unclear. To identify potential novel mediators of IRI, we used liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry to assess temporal changes in the hepatic lipidome in steatotic and non-steatotic livers after warm IRI in mice. Our untargeted analyses revealed distinct differences between the steatotic and non-steatotic response to IRI and highlighted dynamic changes in lipid composition with marked changes in glycerophospholipids. These findings enhance our knowledge of the lipidomic changes that occur following IRI and provide a foundation for future mechanistic studies. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying such changes will lead to novel therapeutic strategies to combat IRI.
Diet-induced obesity reduces bone marrow T and B cells and promotes tumor progression in a transplantable Vk*MYC model of multiple myeloma
Authors: Nedal Tonje Marie Vikene , Moen Siv Helen , Roseth Ingrid Aass , Tryggestad Synne Stokke , Aass Kristin Roseth , Hov Gunhild Garmo , Hella Hanne , Sponaas Anne-Marit , Standal Therese 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObesity is associated with an increased risk of developing multiple myeloma (MM). The molecular mechanisms causing this association is complex and incompletely understood. Whether obesity affects bone marrow immune cell composition in multiple myeloma is not characterized. Here, we examined the effect of diet-induced obesity on bone marrow immune cell composition and tumor growth in a Vk*MYC (Vk12653) transplant model of multiple myeloma. We find that diet-induced obesity promoted tumor growth in the bone marrow and spleen and reduced the relative number of T and B cells in the bone marrow. Our results suggest that obesity may reduce MM immune surveillance and thus may contribute to increased risk of developing MM.
Revealing the pharmacological effects of Remodelin against osteosarcoma based on network pharmacology, acRIP-seq and experimental validation
Authors: Gao Jia , Xu Peili , Wang Feng , Zhang Wenjie , Min Meipeng , Urba Rafi , Fan Lei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone. Remodelin, an inhibitor of the N (4)-Acetylcytidine (ac4C) acetylation modifying enzyme N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10), has been shown to have therapeutic effects on cancer in several studies, and our previous studies have confirmed the inhibitory effect of Remodelin on OS cells, however, the mechanism of action has not yet been elucidated. We used network pharmacological analysis to quantify the therapeutic targets of Remodelin against OS. acRIP-seq and RNA-seq were performed to investigate the inhibitory activity of Remodelin on acetylation and its effect on the transcriptome after intervening in OS cells U2OS with Remodelin in vitro. Key target genes were deduced based on their pharmacological properties, combined with network pharmacology results and sequencing results. Finally, the deduced target genes were validated with vitro experiments. Network pharmacological analysis showed that 2291 OS-related target genes and 369 Remodelin-related target genes were obtained, and 116 overlapping genes were identified as Remodelin targets for OS treatment. Sequencing results showed that a total of 13,736 statistically significant ac4C modification peaks were detected by acRIP-seq, including 6938 hypoacetylation modifications and 6798 hyperacetylation modifications. A total of 2350 statistically significant mRNAs were detected by RNA-seq, of which 830 were up-regulated and 1520 were down-regulated. Association analyses identified a total of 382 genes that were Hypoacetylated-down, consistent with inhibition of mRNA acetylation and expression by Remodelin. Five genes, CASP3, ESR2, FGFR2, IGF1 and MAPK1, were identified as key therapeutic targets of Remodelin against OS. Finally, in vitro experiments, CCK-8 and qRT-PCR demonstrated that Remodelin indeed inhibited the proliferation of OS cells and reduced the expression of three genes: ESR2, IGF1, and MAPK1. In conclusion, ESR2, IGF1 and MAPK1 were identified as key therapeutic targets of Remodelin against OS. This reveals the target of Remodelin's pharmacological action on OS and provides new ideas for the treatment of OS.
Irradiance driven trophic plasticity in the coral Madracis pharensis from the Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Goodbody-Gringley Gretchen , Martinez Stephane , Bellworthy Jessica , Chequer Alex , Nativ Hagai , Mass Tali 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe distribution of symbiotic scleractinian corals is driven, in part, by light availability, as host energy demands are partially met through translocation of photosynthate. Physiological plasticity in response to environmental conditions, such as light, enables the expansion of resilient phenotypes in the face of changing environmental conditions. Here we compared the physiology, morphology, and taxonomy of the host and endosymbionts of individual Madracis pharensis corals exposed to dramatically different light conditions based on colony orientation on the surface of a shipwreck at 30 m depth in the Bay of Haifa, Israel. We found significant differences in symbiont species consortia, photophysiology, and stable isotopes, suggesting that these corals can adjust multiple aspects of host and symbiont physiology in response to light availability. These results highlight the potential of corals to switch to a predominantly heterotrophic diet when light availability and/or symbiont densities are too low to sustain sufficient photosynthesis, which may provide resilience for corals in the face of climate change.
Association between healthy beverage index and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the Ravansar noncommunicable disease cohort study
Authors: Sadafi Sepehr , Azizi Ali , Rezaeian Shahab , Pasdar Yahya 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe quality of drinks affects the functioning of the liver. In recent decades, the variety of high-calorie and sweet drinks has increased. The objective of this study was to explore the association between Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among adults. We included 6,276 participants aged 35 to 65 from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study at baseline. NAFLD is defined based on the fatty liver index (FLI), calculated using anthropometric measurements and non-invasive markers. The HBI was developed using a combination of water, low-fat milk, 100% fruit juice, sugar-sweetened beverages, met fluid requirement and % energy from beverages. Logistic and linear regression models were employed to investigate the associations of the HBI and high FLI. The average FLI was significantly lower in the first tertile of HBI compared to the third tertile (47.83 vs. 45.77; P = 0.001). After adjusting for confounding variables, the odds of high FLI decreased by 28% (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.63, 0.82) in the second tertile of HBI and by 21% in the third tertile (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.70, 0.91). There was no correlation between gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels with HBI. The study findings indicate an inverse association between high FLI and HBI. Therefore, it is recommended to consume healthy beverages and without added sugar. However, additional longitudinal studies are required to examine the association between beverage consumption and the development of NAFLD.
The six-minute step test can predict COPD exacerbations: a 36-month follow-up study
Authors: Santos-de-Araújo Aldair Darlan , da Luz Goulart Cássia , Marinho Renan Shida , Dourado Izadora Moraes , Mendes Renata Gonçalves , Roscani Meliza Goi , Bassi-Dibai Daniela , Phillips Shane A. , Arena Ross , Borghi-Silva Audrey 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe six-minute step test (6MST) has been shown to be effective in assessing exercise capacity in individuals with COPD regardless of severity and, despite its easy execution, accessibility and validity, information on the prognostic power of this test remains uncertain. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the 6MST can predict the occurrence of exacerbations in patients with COPD. This is a prospective cohort study with a 36-month follow-up in patients with COPD. All patients completed a clinical assessment, followed by pulmonary function testing and a 6MST. The 6MST was performed on a 20 cm high step; heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, BORG dyspnea and fatigue were collected. Sixty-four patients were included in the study, the majority being elderly men. Performance on the 6MST demonstrated lower performance compared to normative values proposed in the literature, indicating a reduced functional capacity. Kaplan Meier analysis revealed that ≤ 59 steps climbed during the 6MST was a strong predictor of COPD exacerbation over a 36-month follow-up. We have identified a minimal threshold number of steps (≤ 59) obtained through the 6MST may be able predict the risk of exacerbations in patients with COPD.
Radical pair model for magnetic field effects on NMDA receptor activity
Authors: Nair Parvathy S. , Zadeh-Haghighi Hadi , Simon Christoph 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor is a prominent player in brain development and functioning. Perturbations to its functioning through external stimuli like magnetic fields can potentially affect the brain in numerous ways. Various studies have shown that magnetic fields of varying strengths affect these receptors. We propose that the radical pair mechanism, a quantum mechanical process, could explain some of these field effects. Radicals of the form $$[\text{RO}^\cdot \text{Mg(H}_2\text{O})_n^{+\cdot }]$$

[

RO
·

Mg(H
2

O
)

n

+
·

]

, where R is a protein residue that can be Serine or Tyrosine, are considered for this study. The variation in the singlet fractional yield of the radical pairs, as a function of magnetic field strength, is calculated to understand how the magnetic field affects the products of the radical pair reactions. Based on the results, the radical pair mechanism is a likely candidate for explaining the magnetic field effects observed on the receptor activity. The model predicts changes in the behaviour of the system as magnetic field strength is varied and also predicts certain isotope effects. The results further suggest that similar effects on radical pairs could be a plausible explanation for various magnetic field effects within the brain.