bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An analysis of the transformative potential of Australia’s national food policies and policy actions to promote healthy and sustainable food systems
Authors: Ribeiro de Melo Patricia , Baker Phillip , Machado Priscila Pereira , Howse Elly , Slater Scott , Lawrence Mark 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Despite commitment by many countries to promote food system transformation, Australia has yet to adopt a national food policy. This study aimed to evaluate Australian Federal Government’s (AFG) food policies and policy actions potential to promote healthy and sustainable food systems.

Design:
This study is a desk-based policy mapping followed by a theoretically guided evaluation of policy actions. This involved three steps: (1) identification of government departments and agencies that could influence Australia’s food system; (2) identification of food policies and policy actions within these departments and (3) use of a conceptual framework to evaluate policy actions’ potential of changing the food system as adjust (first-order change), reform (second-order change) or transform (third-order change).

Setting:
Australia.

Participants:
None.

Results:
Twenty-four food policies and sixty-two policy actions were identified across eight AFG departments and the Food Regulation System and evaluated based on the order of change they represented. Most policies were led by individual departments, reflecting the absence of a joined-up approach to food policy in Australia. Most policy actions (n 25/ 56·5 %) were evaluated as having adjust potential, whereas no transformative policy action was identified.

Conclusions:
These findings suggest that Australia is likely to proceed incrementally towards achieving food system change through adjustments and reforms but lacking transformative impact. To promote transformative change, all three orders of change must be strategically implemented in a coherent and coordinated matter. A comprehensive national food policy and a national coordinating body are needed to ensure a cohesive approach to policy.
Herbicide-resistance management: a common pool resource problem?
Authors: Bergmann Nicolas T. , Burke Ian C. , Wardropper Chloe B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHerbicide resistance is often viewed as a complex problem in need of innovative management solutions. Because of the transboundary mobility of many weeds, resistance to herbicides is also viewed as a community-scale issue. Consequently, the idea of greater coordination among resource users—especially growers—is often promoted as a management approach. Recently, scholars have framed herbicide resistance as a commons problem in need of collective action. Specifically, social scientists have explored the utility of adopting bottom-up, community-based approaches to help solve the growing problem of herbicide resistance through a framework for interpreting the commons known as common pool resource theory. This article analyzes how herbicide resistance fits—and fails to fit—within common pool resource theory and offers an updated conceptual framework from which to build future work. We argue that the application of common pool resource theory to herbicide-resistance management is underdeveloped, and approaches based on this theory have shown little success. The relevance of common pool resource theory for informing herbicide-resistance management is less settled than existing scholarship has suggested, and other frameworks for approaching transboundary resource problems—such as co-production of knowledge and participatory action research—warrant consideration.
The Matrix Profile in Seismology: Template Matching of Everything With Everything
Authors: Shabikay Senobari Nader , Shearer Peter M. , Funning Gareth J. , Zimmerman Zachary , Zhu Yan , Brisk Philip , Keogh Eamonn 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTemplate matching has proven to be an effective method for seismic event detection, but is biased toward identifying events similar to previously known events, and thus is ineffective at discovering events with non‐matching waveforms (e.g., those dissimilar to existing catalog events). In principle, this limitation can be overcome by cross‐correlating every segment (possible template) of a seismogram with every other segment to identify all similar event pairs, but doing so has been previously considered computationally infeasible for long time series. Here we describe a method, called the ‘Matrix Profile’ (MP), a “correlate everything with everything” calculation that can be efficiently and scalably computed. The MP returns the maximum value of the correlation coefficient of every sub‐window of continuous data with every other sub‐window, as well as the best‐correlated sub‐window location. Here we show how MP methods can obtain valuable results when applied to months and years of continuous seismic data in both local and global case studies. We find that the MP can identify many new events in Parkfield, California seismicity that are not contained in existing event catalogs and that it can efficiently find clusters of similar earthquakes in global seismic data. Either used by itself, or as a starting point for subsequent template matching calculations, the MP is likely to provide a useful new tool for seismology research.
Megaflood Erosion on Mars—How Lava‐Filled Craters Became Mesas (With Insights From Lava Physics, Stream Power, and Rock Mechanics)
Authors: Coleman Neil M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRound mesas up to 500 m high occur in Martian outflow channels. Mesas in Ravi and Elaver Valles occur in deepest parts of the channels where the most intense megaflood erosion occurred. I theorize that Noachian basalts poured into craters which acted as lava traps, similar to Kilauean lava lakes. Subsequent flood basalts buried the infilled craters. Hesperian megafloods stripped away hundreds of meters of basalts, exhuming erosion‐resistant strata. Lava solidification theory is explored to assess the role of cooling in governing the structure and strength of the Martian basalts. The postulated lava lakes that formed the Ravi Vallis mesas would have needed millennia to cool. The larger Elaver Vallis mesa may have needed up to 20,000 years to solidify. Long cooling times led to coarse, doleritic mineral textures and reduced numbers of cooling joints, greatly increasing bulk rock strength and resistance to hydrodynamic erosion. Using rock mechanics theory, cores of exhumed lava‐filled craters would have bulk rock strengths at least 5 to 30 times greater than more highly fractured basalts. Discharge hydrographs for the Morella Crater breach flood that carved Elaver Vallis peak at ∼2.1 × 107 m3 s−1. Stream power per unit streambed area ranged up to >150,000 W m−2 as the breach grew in size. The calculations provide an envelope of power sufficient to erode hundreds of meters of basalts, but not great enough to remove the large mesa. Thus the legacy of an ancient, lava‐filled crater is a high mesa on the floor of Elaver Vallis.
Using Solar Orbiter as an Upstream Solar Wind Monitor for Real Time Space Weather Predictions
Authors: Laker R. , Horbury T. S. , O’Brien H. , Fauchon‐Jones E. J. , Angelini V. , Fargette N. , Amerstorfer T. , Bauer M. , Möstl C. , Davies E. E. , Davies J. A. , Harrison R. , Barnes D. , Dumbović M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCoronal mass ejections (CMEs) can create significant disruption to human activities and systems on Earth, much of which can be mitigated with prior warning of the upstream solar wind conditions. However, it is currently extremely challenging to accurately predict the arrival time and internal structure of a CME from coronagraph images alone. In this study, we take advantage of a rare opportunity to use Solar Orbiter, at 0.5 au upstream of Earth, as an upstream solar wind monitor. In combination with low‐latency images from STEREO‐A, we successfully predicted the arrival time of two CME events before they reached Earth. Measurements at Solar Orbiter were used to constrain an ensemble of simulation runs from the ELEvoHI model, reducing the uncertainty in arrival time from 10.4 to 2.5 hr in the first case study. There was also an excellent agreement in the Bz profile between Solar Orbiter and Wind spacecraft for the second case study, despite being separated by 0.5 au and 10° longitude. The opportunity to use Solar Orbiter as an upstream solar wind monitor will repeat once a year, which should further help assess the efficacy upstream in‐situ measurements in real time space weather forecasting.
HRD1-induced TMEM2 ubiquitination promotes ER stress-mediated apoptosis through a non-canonical pathway in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion
Authors: Zhao Xuzi , Liu Deshun , Zhao Yan , Wang Zhecheng , Wang Yue , Chen Zhao , Ning Shili , Wang Guangzhi , Meng Lu , Yao Jihong , Tian Xiaofeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a typical pathological course in the clinic with a high morbidity rate. Recent research has pointed out the critical role of ubiquitination during the occurrence and development of intestinal I/R by precisely mediating protein quality control and function. Here, we conducted an integrated multiomic analysis to identify critical ubiquitination-associated molecules in intestinal I/R and identified endoplasmic reticulum-located HRD1 as a candidate molecule. During intestinal I/R, excessive ER stress plays a central role by causing apoptotic pathway activation. In particular, we found that ER stress-mediated apoptosis was mitigated by HRD1 knockdown in intestinal I/R mice. Mechanistically, TMEM2 was identified as a new substrate of HRD1 in intestinal I/R by mass spectrometry analysis, which has a crucial role in attenuating apoptosis and promoting non-canonical ER stress resistance. A strong negative correlation was found between the protein levels of HRD1 and TMEM2 in human intestinal ischemia samples. Specifically, HRD1 interacted with the lysine 42 residue of TMEM2 and reduced its stabilization by K48-linked polyubiquitination. Furthermore, KEGG pathway analysis revealed that TMEM2 regulated ER stress-mediated apoptosis in association with the PI3k/Akt signaling pathway rather than canonical ER stress pathways. In summary, HRD1 regulates ER stress-mediated apoptosis through a non-canonical pathway by ubiquitinating TMEM2 and inhibiting PI3k/Akt activation during intestinal I/R. The current study shows that HRD1 is an intestinal I/R critical regulator and that targeting the HRD1/TMEM2 axis may be a promising therapeutic approach.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response: emerging regulators in progression of traumatic brain injury
Authors: Yang Yayi , Lu Dengfeng , Wang Menghan , Liu Guangjie , Feng Yun , Ren Yubo , Sun Xiaoou , Chen Zhouqing , Wang Zhong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common trauma with high mortality and disability rates worldwide. However, the current management of this disease is still unsatisfactory. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms of TBI in depth to improve the treatment options. In recent decades, abundant evidence has highlighted the significance of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in advancing central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including TBI. ERS following TBI leads to the accumulation of unfolded proteins, initiating the unfolded protein response (UPR). Protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring protein 1 (IRE1), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) are the three major pathways of UPR initiation that determine whether a cell survives or dies. This review focuses on the dual effects of ERS on TBI and discusses the underlying mechanisms. It is suggested that ERS may crosstalk with a series of molecular cascade responses, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, autophagy, and cell death, and is thus involved in the progression of secondary injury after TBI. Hence, ERS is a promising candidate for the management of TBI.
Multi-dimensional scaling techniques unveiled gain1q&loss13q co-occurrence in Multiple Myeloma patients with specific genomic, transcriptional and adverse clinical features
Authors: Terragna Carolina , Poletti Andrea , Solli Vincenza , Martello Marina , Zamagni Elena , Pantani Lucia , Borsi Enrica , Vigliotta Ilaria , Mazzocchetti Gaia , Armuzzi Silvia , Taurisano Barbara , Testoni Nicoletta , Marzocchi Giulia , Kanapari Ajsi , Pistis Ignazia , Tacchetti Paola , Mancuso Katia , Rocchi Serena , Rizzello Ilaria , Cavo Michele 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe complexity of Multiple Myeloma (MM) is driven by several genomic aberrations, interacting with disease-related and/or -unrelated factors and conditioning patients’ clinical outcome. Patient’s prognosis is hardly predictable, as commonly employed MM risk models do not precisely partition high- from low-risk patients, preventing the reliable recognition of early relapsing/refractory patients. By a dimensionality reduction approach, here we dissect the genomic landscape of a large cohort of newly diagnosed MM patients, modelling all the possible interactions between any MM chromosomal alterations. We highlight the presence of a distinguished cluster of patients in the low-dimensionality space, with unfavorable clinical behavior, whose biology was driven by the co-occurrence of chromosomes 1q CN gain and 13 CN loss. Presence or absence of these alterations define MM patients overexpressing either CCND2 or CCND1, fostering the implementation of biology-based patients’ classification models to describe the different MM clinical behaviors.
Biomimetic computer-to-brain communication enhancing naturalistic touch sensations via peripheral nerve stimulation
Authors: Valle Giacomo , Katic Secerovic Natalija , Eggemann Dominic , Gorskii Oleg , Pavlova Natalia , Petrini Francesco M. , Cvancara Paul , Stieglitz Thomas , Musienko Pavel , Bumbasirevic Marko , Raspopovic Stanisa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractArtificial communication with the brain through peripheral nerve stimulation shows promising results in individuals with sensorimotor deficits. However, these efforts lack an intuitive and natural sensory experience. In this study, we design and test a biomimetic neurostimulation framework inspired by nature, capable of “writing” physiologically plausible information back into the peripheral nervous system. Starting from an in-silico model of mechanoreceptors, we develop biomimetic stimulation policies. We then experimentally assess them alongside mechanical touch and common linear neuromodulations. Neural responses resulting from biomimetic neuromodulation are consistently transmitted towards dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord of cats, and their spatio-temporal neural dynamics resemble those naturally induced. We implement these paradigms within the bionic device and test it with patients (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03350061). He we report that biomimetic neurostimulation improves mobility (primary outcome) and reduces mental effort (secondary outcome) compared to traditional approaches. The outcomes of this neuroscience-driven technology, inspired by the human body, may serve as a model for advancing assistive neurotechnologies.
Phosphorylation of plasma membrane H+-ATPase Thr881 participates in light-induced stomatal opening
Authors: Hayashi Yuki , Fukatsu Kohei , Takahashi Koji , Kinoshita Satoru N. , Kato Kyohei , Sakakibara Taku , Kuwata Keiko , Kinoshita Toshinori 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPlasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase is crucial for light-induced stomatal opening and phosphorylation of a penultimate residue, Thr948 (pen-Thr, numbering according to Arabidopsis AHA1) is required for enzyme activation. In this study, a comprehensive phosphoproteomic analysis using guard cell protoplasts from Vicia faba shows that both red and blue light increase the phosphorylation of Thr881, of PM H+-ATPase. Light-induced stomatal opening and the blue light-induced increase in stomatal conductance are reduced in transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing mutant AHA1-T881A in aha1–9, whereas the blue light-induced phosphorylation of pen-Thr is unaffected. Auxin and photosynthetically active radiation induce the phosphorylation of both Thr881 and pen-Thr in etiolated seedlings and leaves, respectively. The dephosphorylation of phosphorylated Thr881 and pen-Thr are mediated by type 2 C protein phosphatase clade D isoforms. Taken together, Thr881 phosphorylation, in addition of the pen-Thr phosphorylation, are important for PM H+-ATPase function during physiological responses, such as light-induced stomatal opening in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Functional plasticity of glutamatergic neurons of medullary reticular nuclei after spinal cord injury in mice
Authors: Lemieux Maxime , Karimi Narges , Bretzner Frederic 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSpinal cord injury disrupts the descending command from the brain and causes a range of motor deficits. Here, we use optogenetic tools to investigate the functional plasticity of the glutamatergic reticulospinal drive of the medullary reticular formation after a lateral thoracic hemisection in female mice. Sites evoking stronger excitatory descending drive in intact conditions are the most impaired after injury, whereas those associated with a weaker drive are potentiated. After lesion, pro- and anti-locomotor activities (that is, initiation/acceleration versus stop/deceleration) are overall preserved. Activating the descending reticulospinal drive improves stepping ability on a flat surface of chronically impaired injured mice, and its priming enhances recovery of skilled locomotion on a horizontal ladder. This study highlights the resilience and capacity for reorganization of the glutamatergic reticulospinal command after injury, along with its suitability as a therapeutical target to promote functional recovery.
Cases of trisomy 21 and trisomy 18 among historic and prehistoric individuals discovered from ancient DNA
Authors: Rohrlach Adam Benjamin , Rivollat Maïté , de-Miguel-Ibáñez Patxuka , Moilanen Ulla , Liira Anne-Mari , Teixeira João C. , Roca-Rada Xavier , Armendáriz-Martija Javier , Boyadzhiev Kamen , Boyadzhiev Yavor , Llamas Bastien , Tiliakou Anthi , Mötsch Angela , Tuke Jonathan , Prevedorou Eleni-Anna , Polychronakou-Sgouritsa Naya , Buikstra Jane , Onkamo Päivi , Stockhammer Philipp W. , Heyne Henrike O. , Lemke Johannes R. , Risch Roberto , Schiffels Stephan , Krause Johannes , Haak Wolfgang , Prüfer Kay 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAneuploidies, and in particular, trisomies represent the most common genetic aberrations observed in human genetics today. To explore the presence of trisomies in historic and prehistoric populations we screen nearly 10,000 ancient human individuals for the presence of three copies of any of the target autosomes. We find clear genetic evidence for six cases of trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) and one case of trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome), and all cases are present in infant or perinatal burials. We perform comparative osteological examinations of the skeletal remains and find overlapping skeletal markers, many of which are consistent with these syndromes. Interestingly, three cases of trisomy 21, and the case of trisomy 18 were detected in two contemporaneous sites in early Iron Age Spain (800-400 BCE), potentially suggesting a higher frequency of burials of trisomy carriers in those societies. Notably, the care with which the burials were conducted, and the items found with these individuals indicate that ancient societies likely acknowledged these individuals with trisomy 18 and 21 as members of their communities, from the perspective of burial practice.
Dynamic light manipulation via silicon-organic slot metasurfaces
Authors: Zheng Tianzhe , Gu Yiran , Kwon Hyounghan , Roberts Gregory , Faraon Andrei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractActive metasurfaces provide the opportunity for fast spatio-temporal control of light. Among various tuning methods, organic electro-optic materials provide some unique advantages due to their fast speed and large nonlinearity, along with the possibility of using fabrication techniques based on infiltration. In this letter, we report a silicon-organic platform where organic electro-optic material is infiltrated into the narrow gaps of slot-mode metasurfaces with high quality factors. The mode confinement into the slot enables the placement of metallic electrodes in close proximity, thus enabling tunability at lower voltages. We demonstrate the maximum tuning sensitivity of 0.16nm/V, the maximum extinction ratio of 38% within ± 17V voltage at telecommunication wavelength. The device has 3dB bandwidth of 3MHz. These results provide a path towards tunable silicon-organic hybrid metasurfaces at CMOS-level voltages.
Open-source microscope add-on for structured illumination microscopy
Authors: Hannebelle Mélanie T. M. , Raeth Esther , Leitao Samuel M. , Lukeš Tomáš , Pospíšil Jakub , Toniolo Chiara , Venzin Olivier F. , Chrisnandy Antonius , Swain Prabhu P. , Ronceray Nathan , Lütolf Matthias P. , Oates Andrew C. , Hagen Guy M. , Lasser Theo , Radenovic Aleksandra , McKinney John D. , Fantner Georg E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSuper-resolution techniques expand the abilities of researchers who have the knowledge and resources to either build or purchase a system. This excludes the part of the research community without these capabilities. Here we introduce the openSIM add-on to upgrade existing optical microscopes to Structured Illumination super-resolution Microscopes (SIM). The openSIM is an open-hardware system, designed and documented to be easily duplicated by other laboratories, making super-resolution modality accessible to facilitate innovative research. The add-on approach gives a performance improvement for pre-existing lab equipment without the need to build a completely new system.
An agricultural digital twin for mandarins demonstrates the potential for individualized agriculture
Authors: Kim Steven , Heo Seong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA digital twin is a digital representation that closely resembles or replicates a real world object by combining interdisciplinary knowledge and advanced technologies. Digital twins have been applied to various fields, including to the agricultural field. Given big data and systematic data management, digital twins can be used for predicting future outcomes. In this study, we endeavor to create an agricultural digital twin using mandarins as a model crop. We employ an Open API to aggregate data from various sources across Jeju Island, covering an area of approximately 185,000 hectares. The collected data are visualized and analyzed at regional, inter-orchard, and intra-orchard scales. We observe that the intra-orchard analysis explains the variation of fruit quality substantially more than the inter-orchard analysis. Our data visualization and analysis, incorporating statistical models and machine learning algorithms, demonstrate the potential use of agricultural digital twins in the future, particularly in the context of micro-precision and individualized agriculture. This concept extends the current management practices based on data-driven decisions, and it offers a glimpse into the future of individualized agriculture by enabling customized treatment for plants, akin to personalized medicine for humans.