bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serological characteristics and clinical implications of IgG subclasses in visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: Han Xin‐Yu , Li Han‐Bing , Wei Jun‐Hao , Xu Xiao‐Yong , Li Yan , Che Yi‐Qun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) represents the most severe form of Leishmaniasis infection, often resulting in fatality without timely treatment. Previous studies have found that immunosuppression increases the risk of VL disease progression and mortality, and the total immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels in peripheral blood vary before and after treatment. However, the distinct levels and roles of IgG subclasses in VL have not been documented yet. This study aims to elucidate the characteristics and clinical significance of IgG subclasses in VL.MethodsA total of 43 cases newly‐diagnosed with VL were enrolled in the cohort. We measured the levels of IgG subclasses before and after standard treatment and conducted assessments of bone marrow features. In addition, we analysed other haematological indices and examined the variations in IgG subclasses, as well as their correlation with clinical and laboratory factors.ResultsThe levels of total IgG, IgG1, and the ratios of both IgG1/IgG and IgG1/IgG2 decreased significantly after treatment, whereas the ratios of IgG2/ IgG showed an obvious increase. The VL patients without hyperglobulinemia displayed significant lower IgG1/IgG2 ratios, but higher IgG2/IgG ratios compared with those with hyperglobulinemia. In addition, VL patients with positive bone marrow amastigotes had significant higher IgG1/IgG and IgG1/IgG2 ratios, but lower IgG2/IgG ratios. IgG subclasses were correlated with abnormal blood test results, particularly immunological elements including IgM and Complement 4 (C4).ConclusionsIgG1 and IgG2 exhibited contrasting changes after treatment in VL patients. The features of bone marrow and laboratory tests indicated that IgG1 and IgG2 serve different roles in the progression of VL. The ratios of IgG subclasses may be more precise indicators to evaluate immune reaction in VL than traditional total IgG.
The study of variant s antigen expression revealing a novel c.160C>T (p.Arg54Cys) variant on GYPB*s allele associated with partial s phenotype
Authors: Wei Ling , Zhu Siying , Wen Jizhi , Liao Zhijian , Luo Guangping , Ji Yanli 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundLittle s antigen is mainly defined by a single nucleotide polymorphism at c.143C (p.Thr48) on the GYPB gene. Several variants on GYPB can alter the expression of s antigen. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular basis of variant s antigen expression in the Chinese population.Study Design and MethodsA total of 4983 whole blood samples were collected to screen the individuals with discrepant s typing results using two different monoclonal anti‐s. Then, the sequence of GYPB exon 4 was analyzed by Sanger sequencing. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to quantify s antigen expression on red blood cells (RBCs). In vitro expression study was performed to verify the effect of the GYPB variants identified on the expression of s antigen.ResultsFour donors were identified to have discrepant s typing results. Sanger sequencing showed that three donors carried the c.173C > G variant (p.Pro58Arg) specific for sD antigen, the other one carried a novel GYPB (c.160C > T, p.Arg54Cys) variant. Flow cytometry identified a partial and weak expression of s antigen on the RBCs of the four donors. Furthermore, in vitro expression study confirmed the effect of the two variants on the s antigen expression.ConclusionThe results demonstrated that in addition to p.Thr48, the two extra amino acids p.Arg54 and p.Pro58 are also important for full expression of s antigen. Since the individuals with partial s antigen are at risk for the development of alloanti‐s, it is important to select at least two different monoclonal anti‐s for correct s typing.
Hematopoietic progenitor cell count as a potential quantitative marker in apheresis products during allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Huang Lunhui , Liu Liangyi , Song Zhen , Li Qiang , He DaShui , Guo GuiQing , Zhu Guoqing , Jiang Erlie , Xia Yonghui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe quality and quantity of hematopoietic stem cells in apheresis products are essential to the success of peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (PB‐HSCT). While the flow cytometry measurement of CD34+ cells as a golden standard for stem cell count is labor and cost‐intensive, hematopoietic progenitor cell number evaluated by XN Sysmex series automated hematology analyzers (XN‐HPC) is suggested as a surrogate marker.Materials and methodsWe evaluated the correlation and consistency of XN‐HPC and CD34+ cell count in apheresis samples from both allogeneic donors and autologous patients during PB‐HSCT.ResultsGood correlation and consistency were observed between XN‐HPC and CD34+ cell counts in harvests collected from healthy donors (R = .852) rather than autologous patients (R = .375). Subgroup analysis showed that the correlation was especially poor when autologous patients used plerixafor as an additional mobilizer or were diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM). In the setting of allogeneic transplantation, the correlation coefficients were even better in samples from non‐first‐round apheresis (R = .951), with high white blood cell (WBC) counts (R = .941), or having successful engraftment within 2 weeks (R = .895). ROC analysis suggested that an optimal XN‐HPC count of 1127 × 106/L best predicted a sufficient yield of CD34+ stem cells, with diagnostic sensitivity and specificity being 92% and 72%, respectively (AUC = 0.852).ConclusionsXN‐HPC is a sufficient quantitative marker for stem cell assessment of harvest yield in allogeneic but not autologous HSCT.
A systematic review of the facilitators and barriers to rapid response team activation
Authors: Hecht Jonathan D. , Yoder Linda H. , Danesh Valerie , Heitkemper Elizabeth M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundOutcomes associated with rapid response teams (RRTs) are inconsistent. This may be due to underlying facilitators and barriers to RRT activation that are affected by team leaders and health systems.AimsThe aim of this study was to synthesize the published research about facilitators and barriers to nurse‐led RRT activation in the United States (U.S.).MethodsA systematic review was conducted. Four databases were searched from January 2000 to June 2023 for peer‐reviewed quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies reporting facilitators and barriers to RRT activation. Studies conducted outside the U.S. or with physician‐led teams were excluded.ResultsTwenty‐five studies met criteria representing 240,140 participants that included clinicians and hospitalized adults. Three domains of facilitators and barriers to RRT activation were identified: (1) hospital infrastructure, (2) clinician culture, and (3) nurses' beliefs, attributes, and knowledge. Categories were identified within each domain. The categories of perceived benefits and positive beliefs about RRTs, knowing when to activate the RRT, and hospital‐wide policies and practices most facilitated activation, whereas the categories of negative perceptions and concerns about RRTs and uncertainties surrounding RRT activation were the dominant barriers.Linking Evidence to ActionFacilitators and barriers to RRT activation were interrelated. Some facilitators like hospital leader and physician support of RRTs became barriers when absent. Intradisciplinary communication and collaboration between nurses can positively and negatively impact RRT activation. The expertise of RRT nurses should be further studied.
Storm-driven sedimentation and dynamics of a sediment slug in an ephemeral stream: Influence on sediment-routing systems within source areas
Authors: García Antonio F. , Mahan Shannon A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Stream-terrace morphostratigraphy and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) geochronology indicate that storm-driven sedimentation has caused down-system decoupling of the uppermost reaches of McMillan Creek (southern California, USA) from the lower reaches of McMillan Creek since 1960 ± 190 yr B.P. This is significant because source-to-sink studies report high degrees of sediment transport connectivity over millennial time scales during periods of high fluvial discharge in sediment routing systems.
The most recent relatively large-magnitude episode of sedimentation emplaced a sediment slug in the ephemeral channel of McMillan Creek. The sediment slug is correlated to the “California Storm of January 1862” via OSL dating. In this paper, a conceptual model of sediment slug dynamics in an ephemeral stream over 16 decades is developed based on fluvial sedimentation events that in most instances included reworking slug-derived sediment. Due to the episodic nature of streamflow in ephemeral streams and the dearth of sediment transport between streamflow events, sediment slug coherency is sustained over longer periods of time in ephemeral streams than in perennial streams having steady or variable flow regimes.
The longevity of sediment-slug coherency in ephemeral streams leads to more prolonged down-system decoupling in sediment routing systems than down-system decoupling caused by ordinary fluvial sedimentation. In McMillan Creek, it is possible that up-system decoupling driven by sedimentation has been contemporaneous with down-system decoupling, but factors other than sedimentation may have a more significant role in up-system decoupling. Source-to-sink studies completed in areas having a Mediterranean climate cannot assume that sediment flux out of upland source areas includes the total amount of sediment available for transport.
Pyoderma gangrenosum following gynaecological surgery
Authors: Allen Jennifer Tomlinson , Toro Diana , Lough Morgan , Griswold Lauren 
Published: December 2023

A perimenopausal woman with abnormal uterine bleeding underwent an uncomplicated laparoscopic hysterectomy. Postoperatively, she developed fever, abdominal erythema and pain. Imaging revealed diffuse abdominal wall skin thickening, most pronounced at the right port site with a small area concerning for developing abscess. There was high clinical suspicion for necrotising fasciitis due to rapidly progressive skin deterioration. Despite antibiotics and surgical debridement, her condition progressed. Biopsy of the inflamed tissue confirmed a diagnosis of pyoderma gangrenosum (PG), and treatment with daily prednisone led to rapid improvement of symptoms.Successful diagnosis and treatment of the patient’s symptoms required multidisciplinary collaboration among gynaecology, general surgery and dermatology. PG, although a well-known condition among dermatologists, is rarely, if ever, encountered by gynaecologists, and its resemblance to conditions such as necrotising fasciitis complicates early detection and intervention. This case highlights the diagnostic and management challenges associated with PG in the gynaecological setting.
Individual and community-level risk factors for maternal morbidity and mortality among Native American women in the USA: protocol for systematic review
Authors: Celaya Martín F , Madhivanan Purnima , McClelland Jean , Zahlan Alaa , Rock Chelsea , Nathan Akshay , Acharya Aishwarya 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionIncidents of maternal morbidity and mortality (MMM) continue to rise in the USA. Significant racial and ethnic health inequities exist, with Native American (NA) women being three to four times more likely to die than white, non-Hispanic women, and three to five times more likely to experience an incident of severe maternal morbidity. Few studies have identified individual and community-level risk factors of MMM experienced by NA women. Therefore, this systematic review will identify said risk factors of MMM experienced by NA women in the USA.Methods and analysisThis systematic review will be conducted according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews, and the findings will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA). The search strategy will include searches from electronic databases: PUBMED, EMBASE, CINAHL and SCOPUS, from 1 January 2012 to 10 October 2022. The search strategy will include terms related to the search concepts: ‘maternal’, ‘Native American’ and ‘MMM’. Bibliographies of selected articles, previously published reviews and high-yield journals will also be searched. All included papers will be evaluated for quality and bias using NIH Quality Assessment Tools for Observational Studies. A description of the study findings will be presented in a tabular format organised by outcome of interest along with study characteristics.Ethics and disseminationThere are no formal ethics approvals needed for this protocol. The findings of this systematic review will be shared with academic, governmental, community-based, institutes and NA (tribal) entities via a published peer-reviewed article, informational brief, poster and oral presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022363405.
Effectiveness of CO-OP group intervention for children with developmental coordination disorder: single-case experimental design study protocol
Authors: Madieu Emmanuel , Therriault Pierre-Yves , Cantin Noémi , Baghdadli Amaria 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionWith the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) approach, children with developmental coordination disorder learn to use a problem-solving strategy to deal with their motor difficulties and perform daily activities of their choice. Therapists use guided discovery to enable children to find their own solutions. Although CO-OP is recommended in a group setting, studies are needed to support its effectiveness.Methods and analysisA single-case study design with multiple baselines across participants and four systematic replications will be used. In each of the five groups, four children (aged 8–12 years) will be randomly included at the baseline. The baseline includes 5–8 measurements, and the CO-OP intervention stage is comprised of 10 sessions. The follow-up stage includes five measurements. Prior to baseline, each child in each of the five groups will choose five activities of which three will be carried out during the intervention sessions. Children’s performance in each of these activities will be scored using the Performance Quality Rating Scale (PQRS) as the main measure. Three secondary measures will be collected: perceived activity performance using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, quality of life using the Kidscreen-27 and spontaneous motor rhythm using a computerised typing task. Graphed data will be analysed visually at the individual level with the Visual Aid Implying an Objective Rule (VAIOR) protocol which provides a colour code based on the level and trend of two consecutive phases, facilitating an objective visual analysis. Statistics will be performed for PQRS scores at the individual level and at the group level.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol has been approved by the Comité de protection des personnes Sud-Est I (CPP 2021070) and the Comité d’éthique de la recherche avec les êtres humains de l’Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (CER-22-294-07.03). Results will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.Trial registration numberNCT05231486.
Validation of a method to assess the severity of medication administration errors in Brazil
Authors: Assunção-Costa Lindemberg , Pinto Charleston Ribeiro , Machado Juliana Ferreira Fernandes , Valli Cleidenete Gomes , de Souza Luis Eugenio Portela Fernandes , Franklin Bryony Dean 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionMedication errors are frequent and have high economic and social impacts; however, some medication errors are more likely to result in harm than others. Therefore, it is critical to determine their severity. Various tools exist to measure and classify the harm associated with medication errors; although, few have been validated internationally.MethodsWe validated an existing method for assessing the potential severity of medication administration errors (MAEs) in Brazil. Thirty healthcare professionals (doctors, nurses and pharmacists) from Brazil were invited to score 50 cases of MAEs as in the original UK study, regarding their potential harm to the patient, on a scale from 0 to 10. Sixteen cases with known harmful outcomes were included to assess the validity of the scoring. To assess test–retest reliability, 10 cases (of the 50) were scored twice. Potential sources of variability in scoring were evaluated, including the occasion on which the scores were given, the scorers, their profession and the interactions among these variables. Data were analysed using generalisability theory. A G coefficient of 0.8 or more was considered reliable, and a Bland-Altman analysis was used to assess test–retest reliability.ResultsTo obtain a generalisability coefficient of 0.8, a minimum of three judges would need to score each case with their mean score used as an indicator of severity. The method also appeared to be valid, as the judges’ assessments were largely in line with the outcomes of the 16 cases with known outcomes. The Bland-Altman analysis showed that the distribution was homogeneous above and below the mean difference for doctors, pharmacists and nurses.ConclusionThe results of this study demonstrate the reliability and validity of an existing method of scoring the severity of MAEs for use in the Brazilian health system.
Systemic corticosteroids in fibrotic lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pitre Tyler , Kawano-Dourado Leticia , Kachkovski George V , Leung Darren , Leung Gareth , Desai Kairavi , Zhai Chunjuan , Adams Wendy , Funke-Chambour Manuela , Kreuter Michael , Stewart Iain , Ryerson Christopher J , Jenkins Gisli , Zeraatkar Dena 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesWe aimed to assess the available evidence for corticosteroids in fibrotic interstitial lung disease (fILD) to inform the randomised embedded multifactorial adaptive platform ILD.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesWe searched Embase, Medline, Cochrane CENTRAL and Web of Science databases from inception to April 17 2023.Eligibility criteriaWe included studies that compared corticosteroids with standard care, placebo or no treatment in adult patients with fILD.Data extraction and synthesisWe report on the change in forced vital capacity (FVC) and mortality. We used random-effects meta-analysis to estimate relative risk (RR) for dichotomous outcomes, and mean difference (MD) and standardised MDs for continuous outcomes, with 95% CIs.ResultsOf the 13 229 unique citations identified, we included 10 observational studies comprising 1639 patients. Corticosteroids had an uncertain effect on mortality compared with no treatment (RR 1.03 (95% CI 0.85 to 1.25); very low certainty evidence). The effect of corticosteroids on the rate of decline in FVC (% predicted) was uncertain when compared with no treatment (MD 4.29% (95% CI −8.26% to 16.83%); very low certainty evidence). However, corticosteroids might reduce the rate of decline in FVC in patients with non-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) fILD (MD 10.89% (95% CI 5.25% to 16.53%); low certainty evidence), while an uncertain effect was observed in patients with IPF (MD −3.80% (95% CI −8.94% to 1.34%); very low certainty evidence).ConclusionsThe current evidence on the efficacy and safety of corticosteroids in fILD is limited and of low certainty. Randomised trials are needed to address this significant research gap.
Connectome-based predictive modelling can predict follow-up craving after abstinence in individuals with opioid use disorders
Authors: Yang Wenhan , Han Jungong , Luo Jing , Tang Fei , Fan Li , Du Yanyao , Yang Longtao , Zhang Jun , Zhang Huiting , Liu Jun 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundIndividual differences have been detected in individuals with opioid use disorders (OUD) in rehabilitation following protracted abstinence. Recent studies suggested that prediction models were effective for individual-level prognosis based on neuroimage data in substance use disorders (SUD).AimsThis prospective cohort study aimed to assess neuroimaging biomarkers for individual response to protracted abstinence in opioid users using connectome-based predictive modelling (CPM).MethodsOne hundred and eight inpatients with OUD underwent structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans at baseline. The Heroin Craving Questionnaire (HCQ) was used to assess craving levels at baseline and at the 8-month follow-up of abstinence. CPM with leave-one-out cross-validation was used to identify baseline networks that could predict follow-up HCQ scores and changes in HCQ (HCQfollow-up−HCQbaseline). Then, the predictive ability of identified networks was tested in a separate, heterogeneous sample of methamphetamine individuals who underwent MRI scanning before abstinence for SUD.ResultsCPM could predict craving changes induced by long-term abstinence, as shown by a significant correlation between predicted and actual HCQfollow-up(r=0.417, p<0.001) and changes in HCQ (negative: r=0.334, p=0.002；positive: r=0.233, p=0.038). Identified craving-related prediction networks included the somato-motor network (SMN), salience network (SALN), default mode network (DMN), medial frontal network, visual network and auditory network. In addition, decreased connectivity of frontal-parietal network (FPN)-SMN, FPN-DMN and FPN-SALN and increased connectivity of subcortical network (SCN)-DMN, SCN-SALN and SCN-SMN were positively correlated with craving levels.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the potential applications of CPM to predict the craving level of individuals after protracted abstinence, as well as the generalisation ability; the identified brain networks might be the focus of innovative therapies in the future.
Clinical implications of VUS reclassification in a single-centre series from application of ACMG/AMP classification rules specified forBRCA1/2
Authors: Innella Giovanni , Ferrari Simona , Miccoli Sara , Luppi Elena , Fortuno Cristina , Parsons Michael T , Spurdle Amanda B , Turchetti Daniela 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundBRCA1/2testing is crucial to guide clinical decisions in patients with hereditary breast/ovarian cancer, but detection of variants of uncertain significance (VUSs) prevents proper management of carriers. The ENIGMA (Evidence-based Network for the Interpretation of Germline Mutant Alleles)BRCA1/2Variant Curation Expert Panel (VCEP) has recently developedBRCA1/2variant classification guidelines consistent with ClinGen processes, specified against the ACMG/AMP (American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular-Pathology) classification framework.MethodsThe ClinGen-approvedBRCA1/2-specified ACMG/AMP classification guidelines were applied toBRCA1/2VUSs identified from 2011 to 2022 in a series of patients, retrieving information from the VCEP documentation, public databases, literature and ENIGMA unpublished data. Then, we critically re-evaluated carrier families based on new results and checked consistency of updated classification with main sources for clinical interpretation ofBRCA1/2variants.ResultsAmong 166 VUSs detected in 231 index cases, 135 (81.3%) found in 197 index cases were classified by applyingBRCA1/2-specified ACMG/AMP criteria: 128 (94.8%) as Benign/Likely Benign and 7 (5.2%) as Pathogenic/Likely Pathogenic. The average time from the first report as ‘VUS’ to classification using this approach was 49.4 months. Considering that 15 of these variants found in 64 families had already been internally reclassified prior to this work, this study provided 121 new reclassifications among the 151 (80.1%) remaining VUSs, relevant to 133/167 (79.6%) families.ConclusionsThese results demonstrated the effectiveness of newBRCA1/2ACMG/AMP classification guidelines for VUS classification within a clinical cohort, and their important clinical impact. Furthermore, they suggested a cadence of no more than 3 years for regular review of VUSs, which however requires time, expertise and resources.