bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid quantum neural networks show strongly reduced need for free parameters in entity matching
Authors: Bischof Lukas , Teodoropol Stefan , Füchslin Rudolf M. , Stockinger Kurt 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Modern technology and scientific experiments increasingly generate larger and larger amounts of data. This data is sometimes redundant, incomplete or inaccurate and needs to be cleaned and merged with other data before becoming useful for scientific exploration. Hence, entity matching, i.e. the process of linking data about a given entity gathered from multiple data sets, is a major problem in artificial intelligence with applications in science and industry. Typical methods for entity matching either use specialized algorithms or supervised machine learning. Although the problem has been well studied on classical computers, it is unclear how quantum approaches would tackle these challenges. In this paper, we evaluate quantum machine learning algorithms for entity matching on a hand-crafted data set and compare them to similar classical algorithms. We do this by implementing a neural network with a classical embedding layer and extending it with quantum layers. Our experimental results suggest that our hybrid quantum neural network reaches similar performance as classical approaches while requiring an order of magnitude fewer parameters than its classical counterpart. Furthermore, we also show that a model trained on a quantum simulator is portable and thus transferable to a real quantum computer. From a practical perspective and as long as quantum hardware is a scarce resource, experiments, e.g. addressing performance, can profit from producing good initial configurations for quantum neural networks via a simulator, thus only leaving the fine-tuning to quantum computations.
Innovative zero-valent cobalt decoration on MIL-88 A(Fe)@β-CD for high-efficiency and reusable cr(VI) removal
Authors: Abd El-Monaem Eman M. , Al Harby Nouf , El Batouti Mervette , Eltaweil Abdelazeem S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Herein, the magnetic ZVCo-MIL-88 A(Fe)@β-CD composite was fabricated via post-synthetic decoration of MIL-88 A(Fe)@β-CD with ZVCo to produce a magnetic efficient adsorbent for Cr(VI) removal. The experimental findings denoted that the ZVCo decoration boosted the adsorption capability of MIL-88 A(Fe)@β-CD, where the adsorption % of Cr(VI) improved from 73.07 to 94.02% after its decoration with 10 wt% of ZVCo. Furthermore, the ZVCo decoration ameliorated the recycling feature of MIL-88 A(Fe)@β-CD since the removal % of Cr(VI) by MIL-88 A(Fe)@β-CD and ZVCo-MIL-88 A(Fe)@β-CD reached 27.24 and 84.98%, respectively. The optimization experiments of the Cr(VI) ions clarified that the higher adsorption % fulfilled 94.02% at pH = 3, using ZVCo-MIL-88 A(Fe)@β-CD dosage = 0.5 g/L, Cr(VI) concentration = 50 mg/L, and at room temperature. Notably, the concentration of the adsorbed Cr(VI) brings off the equilibrium stage within an hour, implying the fast adsorption property of ZVCo-MIL-88 A(Fe)@β-CD. The kinetic and isotherms assessments denoted the contribution of the physical and chemical adsorption pathways in adsorbing the Cr(VI) species onto ZVCo-MIL-88 A(Fe)@β-CD. In addition, the XPS spectra and zeta potential results supposed that the process inside the Cr(VI)/ZVCo-MIL-88 A(Fe)@β-CD system proceeded through reduction reaction, coordination bonds, electrostatic interactions, and pore-filling mechanisms.
Whole genome sequencing in early onset advanced heart failure
Authors: Linnér Erik , Czuba Tomasz , Gidlöf Olof , Lundgren Jakob , Bollano Entela , Hellberg Maria , Celik Selvi , Pimpalwar Neha , Rentzsch Philipp , Martorella Molly , Gummesson Anders , Melander Olle , Albinsson Sebastian , Dellgren Göran , Borén Jan , Jeppsson Anders , Lumbers R. Thomas , Shah Sonia , Nilsson Johan , Natarajan Pradeep , Lappalainen Tuuli , Levin Malin , Ehrencrona Hans , Smith J. Gustav 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The genetic contributions to early onset heart failure (HF) are incompletely understood. Genetic testing in advanced HF patients undergoing heart transplantation (HTx) may yield clinical benefits, but data is limited. We performed deep-coverage whole genome sequencing (WGS) in 102 Swedish HTx recipients. Gene lists were compiled through a systematic literature review. Variants were prioritized for pathogenicity and classified manually. We also compared polygenic HF risk scores to a population-based cohort. We found a pathogenic (LP/P) variant in 34 individuals (34%). Testing yield was highest in hypertrophic (63% LP/P carriers), dilated (40%) and arrhythmogenic right ventricular (33%) cardiomyopathy and lower in ischemic cardiomyopathy (10%). A family history was more common in LP/P variant carriers than in non-carriers but was present in less than half of carriers (44% vs 13%, P < 0.001), whereas age was similar. Polygenic risk scores were similar in HTx recipients and the population cohort. In conclusion, we observed a high prevalence of pathogenic cardiomyopathy gene variants in individuals with early-onset advanced HF, which could not accurately be ruled out by family history and age. In contrast, we did not observe higher polygenic risk scores in early onset advanced HF cases than in the general population.
Non-state actor perceptions of legitimacy and meaningful participation in international climate governance
Authors: Dellmuth Lisa , Gustafsson Maria-Therese , Segovia-Tzompa Suanne Mistel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
There is a lively debate about the legitimacy of the international climate regime, as represented by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, and the quality of non-state actor participation in the regime. This commentary examines perceptions of involved non-state actors from 2021–2022 regarding their participation and regime legitimacy. The findings reveal no legitimacy crisis for the adaptation and mitigation regimes, but the surveyed NSAs are divided in their legitimacy beliefs. NSAs also express significant disappointment about their opportunities for participation.
The relationship between tumour necrosis, systemic inflammation, body composition and survival in patients with colon cancer
Authors: Dolan Ross D. , Pennel Kathryn , Thompson Joshua , McKenzie Molly , Alexander Peter , Richards Colin , Black Douglas , Abbass Tanvir , Maka Noori , McGovern Josh , Roseweir Antonia , McSorley Stephen T. , Horgan Paul G. , Roxburgh Campbell , McMillan Donald C. , Edwards Joanne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
In cancer cachexia the relationship between the tumour, its environment and the systemic inflammatory response is not clear. This study aims to examine this relationship in greater detail.

Methods
Host characteristics included the presence of a Systemic Inflammatory Response (SIR) as measured by Systemic Inflammatory Grade (SIG), sarcopenia (SMI) and myosteatosis (SMD) were measured. Categorical variables were analysed using χ2 test for linear-by-linear association, or χ2 test for 2 by 2 tables. Survival analysis was carried out using univariate and multivariate Cox regression.

Results
A total of 473 patients were included. Of these, 70.4% were over 65 years of age, 54.8% were male and 49.8% had an ASA grade of 1 or 2. Pathological examination showed that the majority of patients had a T3 (53.7%) or a T4 (34.0%) cancer and 73.0% had evidence of necrosis. A SIG score of 0 or 1 was present in 57.7% of patients. Tumour necrosis was associated with age (p < 0.01), tumour location (p < 0.01), T-stage (p < 0.001), margin involvement (p < 0.05), SIG (p < 0.001), SMI (p < 0.01), SMD (p < 0.05) and 5-year survival (p < 0.001). On multivariate survival analysis in patients with T3 cancers age (HR: 1.45 95% CI 1.13–1.86 p < 0.01), ASA grade (HR: 1.50 95% CI 1.15–1.95 p < 0.01) and SIG (HR: 1.28 95% CI 1.11–1.48 p < 0.001) remained independently associated with survival.

Conclusion
These results suggest that tumour necrosis and the subsequent SIR could result in profound changes in body composition and survival. Further pre-clinical and clinical work is required to prove causation.
Digital twin assisted multi‐task offloading for vehicular edge computing under SAGIN with blockchain
Authors: Chen Qiyong , Li Chunhai , Chen Mingfeng , Wu Maoqiang , Zhang Gen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTo better provide fast computing services, vehicular edge computing can improve the quality of service and quality of experience for intelligent transportation in 6G by reducing task transmission delay. However, vehicular edge networks face network capability limitations and privacy issues in practice. High‐speed vehicles and the time‐varying environment make them unpredictable. In the meantime, smart vehicles with distinct computation capabilities need to process various tasks with different resource requirements, which will inevitably cause untimely task offloading and massive energy consumption. This paper proposes to use the space‐air‐ground integrated network with blockchain to enhance the network capability and the privacy protection of vehicular edge networks. The digital twin is taken to better capture the dynamic characteristics of vehicles and the entire environment. The urgency level is introduced to meet the delay requirements of different tasks, while considering the impact of digital twin deviation on task offloading. Moreover, the selection algorithm and the task distribution algorithm based on the improved genetic algorithmare are proposed to obtain the optimal offloading strategy. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared with the existing algorithms, the proposed scheme can maximize the system utility while diminishing the total time for task processing.
StackAHTPs: An explainable antihypertensive peptides identifier based on heterogeneous features and stacked learning approach
Authors: Ghulam Ali , Arif Muhammad , Unar Ahsanullah , A. Thafar Maha , Albaradei Somayah , Worachartcheewan Apilak 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHypertension, often known as high blood pressure, is a major concern to millions of individuals globally. Recent studies have demonstrated the significant efficacy of naturally derived peptides in reducing blood pressure. Hypertension is one of the risks associated with cardiovascular disorders and other health problems. Naturally sourced bioactive peptides possessing antihypertensive properties provide considerable potential as viable substitutes for conventional pharmaceutical medications. Currently, thorough examination of antihypertensive peptide (AHTPs), by using traditional wet‐lab methods is highly expensive and labours. Therefore, in‐silico approaches especially machine‐learning (ML) algorithms are favourable due to saving time and cost in the discovery of AHTPs. In this study, a novel ML‐based predictor, called StackAHTP was developed for predicting accurate AHTPs from sequence only. The proposed method, utilise two types of feature descriptors Pseudo‐Amino Acid Composition and Dipeptide Composition to encode the local and global hidden information from peptide sequences. Furthermore, the encoded features are serially merged and ranked through SHapley Additive explanations (SHAP) algorithm. Then, the top ranked are fed into three different ensemble classifiers (Bagging, Boosting, and Stacking) for enhancing the prediction performance of the model. The StackAHTPs method achieved superior performance compare to other ML classifiers (AdaBoost, XGBoost and Light Gradient Boosting (LightGBM), Bagging and Boosting) on 10‐fold cross validation and independent test. The experimental outcomes demonstrate that our proposed method outperformed the existing methods and achieved an accuracy of 92.25% and F1‐score of 89.67% on independent test for predicting AHTPs and non‐AHTPs. The authors believe this research will remarkably contribute in predicting large‐scale characterisation of AHTPs and accelerate the drug discovery process. At https://github.com/ali‐ghulam/StackAHTPs you may find datasets features used.
The role of cloud particle properties in the WASP-39b transmission spectrum based on JWST/NIRSpec observations
Authors: Roy-Perez J. , Pérez-Hoyos S. , Barrado-Izagirre N. , Chen-Chen H. 
Published: February 2025

Context. Aerosols are capable of having a huge influence on reflected, emitted, and transmitted planetary spectra, especially at wavelengths similar to their average sizes, but also extending to much longer and shorter wavelengths. The Near InfraRed Spectrograph (NIRSpec) using the PRISM mode on board the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is providing valuable data of transit spectra over a wide spectral range that is able to cover the whole contribution of aerosols, potentially disentangling them from other constituents, and thus allowing us to constrain their properties.
Aims. Our aim was to investigate whether NIRSpec/PRISM JWST transmission spectroscopy observations, in addition to being useful for detecting and determining the abundance of gases more accurately than any previous instruments, are also capable of studying the physical properties of the aerosols in exoplanetary atmospheres.
Methods. We performed nested sampling Bayesian retrievals with the MultiNest library. We used the Planetary Spectrum Generator (PSG) and the Modelled Optical Properties of enSeMbles of Aerosol Particles (MOPSMAP) database as tools for the forward simulations and previously published NIRSpec/PRISM JWST observations of WASP-39b as input data.
Results. Retrievals indicate that models including an aerosol extinction weakly increasing or sharply decreasing with wavelength are decisively better than those with a flat transmission and that this increased degree of complexity is supported by the kind of data that JWST/NIRSpec can provide. Given other physical constraints from previous works, the scenario of weakly increasing particle extinction is favoured. We find that this also has an effect on the retrieved gas abundances.
Conclusions. JWST observations give us the potential to study some physical characteristics of exoplanetary clouds, in particular their overall dependence of transmissivity on wavelength. It is important to implement more detailed aerosol models as their extinction may affect significantly retrieved molecular abundances.
Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding, Vomiting, and Weight Stagnation in a Well-Appearing Neonate with Neonatal Transient Eosinophilic Gastroenterocolitis
Authors: Servitje-Verdaguer Bernat , Comalrena-de-Sobregrau-Martínez Clara , Sánchez-Molina Carmen-María , Ferreres-Piñas Joan-Carles , Torre-Monmany Núria , García-Tirado Diana 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study presents a novel case of neonatal transient eosinophilic gastroenterocolitis, a proposed new entity causing upper and lower digestive symptoms and extensive gastrointestinal eosinophilic infiltration in newborns without a proven active food allergy. The condition's proposed pathophysiology and relationship to similar conditions, alongside clinical and therapeutic approaches, are also discussed.
The Effect of QT, QTc, and Tpe Interval on Outcome and Mortality in Syncope Patients
Authors: Zortuk Ökkeş , Bedel Cihan , Selvi Fatih , Mutlucan Umut Ogün 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Introduction Syncope is a transient condition associated with disturbance of cerebral perfusion. Mortality is higher in cases of syncope of cardiac origin, which is observed in patients with arrhythmogenic findings on electrocardiogram (ECG). In this study, we plan to investigate the relationship of QT interval (QT), Corrected QT Interval (QTc), T peak end (Tpe), Tpe/QT, and Tpe/QTc measured on 12-lead ECGs of patients with mortality and outcomes of patients.
Materials and Methods Our study was conducted prospectively with syncope patients older than 18 years presenting to the emergency department of a tertiary teaching and research hospital. The demographic data, ECGs, laboratory data, and outcomes of the syncope patients were recorded and analyzed.
Results Of the 80 syncope patients who participated in the study, 36% were women. The V5 interval of the syncope patients was significantly longer than that of the control group. When comparing the TpeV5/QTc rates of the patients, the syncope patients had significantly higher rates. In a categorical comparison, the Tpe times of the syncope patients were more frequently prolonged than those of the control group.
Conclusion The measurement of Tpe interval, which is prolonged in patients, appears as a parameter for syncope. The prolongation of the Tpe time observed in lead V5 of the ECG requires a closer follow-up of the patients, especially during the follow-up in daily practice, which represents an important part of the emergency admissions.
1.9 Trifluoromethoxylation and Other Fluoroalkoxylation Reactions
Authors: Yerien D. E. , Barata-Vallejo S. , Postigo A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this review, methods to achieve the direct fluoroalkoxylation of a variety of substrates are dis-cussed, including transformations of arenes/hetarenes and compounds with carbon–carbon multiple bonds, and reactions at C(sp3) carbon centers. These reactions involve the introduction of fluoroalkoxy groups, including CF3O, CHF2O, and (CF3)2CFO, into organic molecules. Several types of methodology are discussed for achieving these transformations, including thermal radical processes, electron-transfer mechanisms, photocatalysis, electrochemical approaches, and redox-neutral radical pathways. The methods employ either radical fluoroalkoxylating reagents or nucleophilic fluoroalkoxylating sources of the fluorinated group.
1.11 Synthesis of N-Trifluoromethyl (N-CF3) Compounds
Authors: Crousse B. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe presence of fluorine in compounds is attracting more and more attention due to the remark-able properties conferred by this element. Due to its specific characteristics, the fluorine atom strongly influences the physicochemical properties of molecules, such as the modulation of the acidity or basicity of neighbouring functions (pKa), lipophilicity, conformational constraints, and metabolic stability. The N-trifluoromethyl motif has recently been a feature in a wide range of reported compounds, and significant advances in methods for constructing and installing this group have appeared in the literature. This review outlines and highlights the main transformations involved in the incorporation of an N-trifluoromethyl unit into functionalized molecules.
1.6 Synthesis of Difluoromethylated Compounds
Authors: Wu S. , Song H. , Hu M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe difluoromethyl group (CF2H) can function as a lipophilic hydrogen-bond donor, and is regarded as a bioisostere of functional groups such as hydroxy (-OH), thiol (-SH), and amino (-NH2). The unique physicochemical properties of this group make difluoromethylation a hot topic in the field of synthetic organic chemistry, and in recent decades, various methods have been developed for constructing C(sp3)—CF2H, C(sp2)—CF2H, C(sp) —CF2H, and X—CF2H (X = N, O, S, Se, B, P, etc.) bonds. This review summarizes the currently available methods and reagents for performing difluoromethylation reactions, as well as other approaches for installing a difluoromethyl unit.
Love, hope, and hopelessness
Authors: Achilleos-Sarll Columba 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The book, Self, and Other Stories: Being, Knowing, Writing, is a collection of vignettes that describe “the wash and waves” (p. 9) of Laura J. Shepherd’s academic career. Each story reveals the affects and effects of (un)disciplining the ‘self’ in the neoliberal academy. In so doing, the book charts the oft-hidden obstacles faced by women academics, in particular feminist academics, including those who are marginalised and racialized as they seek to carve out spaces for themselves and others so as to be taken ‘seriously’. Each story, food reference, and visual accompaniment moves between hope and hopelessness/helplessness. Hope is found in teaching, community, and nature, hope is articulated as motivation for thinking and writing. But, equally, there is a helplessness and hopelessness at/with the world.
Time-resolved vacuum-ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy of the Ã1Au state of acetylene
Authors: Razmus Weronika O. , Prlj Antonio , Seifert Nathan A. , Bonanomi Matteo , Callegari Carlo , Danailov Miltcho , Decleva Piero , Demidovich Alexander , De Ninno Giovanni , Devetta Michele , Faccialà Davide , Feifel Raimund , Giannessi Luca , Piteša Tomislav , Powis Ivan , Raimondi Lorenzo , Reid Katharine L. , Ribič Primož Rebernik , Spezzani Carlo , Squibb Richard J. , Thompson James O. F. , Plekan Oksana , Vozzi Caterina , Warne Emily M. , Zangrando Marco , Prince Kevin C. , Di Fraia Michele , Holland David M. P. , Minns Russell S. , Došlić Nađa , Pratt Stephen T. 
Published: February 2025

Ultrafast time-resolved photoelectron spectra are reported for the vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) photoionization of acetylene following excitation to the Ã1Au state via UV absorption at 200 nm. The excitation energy lies above the lowest dissociation threshold to C2H X̃2Σ+ + H, as well as above the threshold for adiabatic dissociation of the Ã1Au state to form C2H (Ã2Π) + H. The time-dependent mass spectra and photoelectron spectra provide insight into the intramolecular decay processes of the Ã1Au state. In addition, photoelectron spectra of the Ã1Au state with VUV light access both the X̃2Πu and Ã2Σg+ states of the ion, as well as the predicted, but previously unobserved, 1 2Πg state, which corresponds to a two-hole, one-particle configuration that lies in close proximity to the Ã2Σg+ state. The 1 2Πg state is split into 2A2 + 2B2 and 2Ag + 2Bg states in the cis and trans configurations, respectively. Electronic structure calculations, along with trajectory calculations, reproduce the principal features of the experimental data and confirm the assignment of the 1 2Πg state.
Revisiting the dynamics of a charged spinning body in curved spacetime
Authors: Andrzejewski K 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We analyse the motion of the spinning body (in the pole–dipole approximation) in the gravitational and electromagnetic fields described by the Mathisson–Papapetrou–Dixon–Souriau equations. First, we define a novel spin condition for the body with the magnetic dipole moment proportional to spin, which generalizes the one proposed by Ohashi–Kyrian–Semerák for gravity. As a result, we get the whole family of charged spinning particle models in the curved spacetime with remarkably simple dynamics (momentum and velocity are parallel). Applying the reparametrization procedure, for a specific dipole moment, we obtain equations of motion with constant mass and gyromagnetic factor. Next, we show that these equations follow from an effective Hamiltonian formalism, previously interpreted as a classical model of the charged Dirac particle.
Stability analysis of inverse problems for coupled magnetic Schrödinger equations
Authors: Hamrouni Mohamed , Khenissi Moez , Soccorsi Éric 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We consider the inverse coefficient problem of simultaneously determining the space dependent electromagnetic potential, the zero-th order coupling term and the first order coupling vector of a two-state Schrödinger equation in a bounded domain of

R

d

,

d
⩾
1

, from finitely many partial boundary measurements of the solution. We prove that these

3
d
+
3

unknown scalar coefficients can be Hölder stably retrieved by d + 2 times suitably changing the initial condition attached at the system.