bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Survey of Transform Coding for High-Speed Audio Compression
Authors: Jabbar Zinah J. , George Dr. Loay E. 
Published: October 2023

The necessity for audio compression continues to be a critical issue., as it is associated with lowering the data capacity of one of the most widely distributed digital files transmitted between remote parties, audio compression remains a critical topic. The effectiveness of the two sound pressure units in this article has been tested. Because of this industry's importance,, which is reflected in storage capacity and transportation needs, Over the last two decades, sound pressure has been the topic of intense investigation. The rapid expansion of the computer industry is leading to a growing demand for high- quality audio data; As a result, the development of sound compression methods, of which there are two types: lossy and lossless, is critical. The purpose of this study is to explore sound compression techniques and to highlight the suitability and applications of each approach.
Pixel Based Techniques for Gray Image Compression: A review
Authors: Abeda Zahraa. H. , AL-Khafaji Ghadah K. 
Published: October 2023

Currently, with the huge increase in modern communication and network applications, the speed of transformation and storing data in compact forms are pressing issues. Daily an enormous amount of images are stored and shared among people every moment, especially in the social media realm, but unfortunately, even with these marvelous applications, the limited size of sent data is still the main restriction's, where essentially all these applications utilized the well-known Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) standard techniques, in the same way, the need for construction of universally accepted standard compression systems urgently required to play a key role in the immense revolution.
This review is concerned with Differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) and pixel-based techniques, where the spatial domain is exploited to compress images efficiently in terms of compression performance and preserving quality. The new pixel-based method overcomes predictive coding constraints with fewer residues and higher compression ratios.
Interactive Situated Autonomic Multi-Agents System-Comprehensive Survey
Authors: Ali Mohammed , Obied Ali 
Published: October 2023

Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) are made up of autonomous entities called agents. Agents collaborate to complete tasks, but their intrinsic capacity to learn and make independent judgments allows them to be more flexible. Agents learn new contexts and behaviors through their interactions with other agents as well as the environment. Agents then exploit their knowledge to determine and carry out an action on the environment in order to accomplish their assigned objective. Because of its versatility, MAS is well suited to solving issues in a wide range of areas, including computer science, civil engineering, electrical engineering, etc. Developing cooperative MAS necessitates tackling a variety of issues, especially coordination among agents. Consequently, this paper discusses several interaction ways among agents in many disciplines. Index Terms—multi-agent system(MAS), Robotic Process Automation, situated agents, interaction.
Pre Diagnosing the Stroke Using Deep Learning
Authors: Atshan Makarem S. , Nemer Zainab N. 
Published: October 2023

Stroke is a long-term disability that affects people all around the world. A stroke deprives the brain of oxygen and nutrients, causing brain cells to stop working or die. Radiologists classify them using Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) of the brain for people with stroke. We've presented a solution based on Deep Learning Algorithms such as Convolution Neural Networks (CNN) and Transfer Learning (TL). We divided MRI into two categories in this work (stroke and normal). In this paper, a 4-layer CNN is used from beginning to end with a modification of the EfficientNetB0 network by adding two layers to make the extracted features more diverse. CNN and pre-trained EfficientNetB0 were used to train our architecture. The EfficientNetB0 achieves an accuracy of 99.6%, while CNN achieves an accuracy of 99.2%. The newly created EfficientNetB0 could be a highly important decision-making tool in stroke research and brain diagnostic testing. As a physician's assistant, the proposed method works.
On Differential and Integration of g-g-Transformation
Authors: Fadhil Tiba Maytham , Geem Methaq Hamza 
Published: October 2023

In this work we present an integral transform, namely g-g-transform and defined as :

This transformation consider generalized for g-transformation which defined as :

We study differential and integration of this transformation. Also we find the inverse of this transformation by using g-g-transformati of integration . we use differential of g-g-transormation for finding g-g-transformation of some function of the form .
STRUCTUREAL DEASIGN OF SECURE E-COMMERCE WEBSITES EMPLOYING MULTI-AGENT SYSTEM
Authors: Abdul Hussien Farah Tawfiq , S. Rahma Abdul Monem , Bdul Wahab Hala Bahjat A 
Published: October 2023

The vast growth in electronic trading and monetary transactions results to increase the importance of E-commerce applications rapidly. In order to accomplish the fully functioning, reliable, scalable, secure, efficient and user-friendly E-commerce applications, sufficient system analysis and design processes are important. Shopping over the internet requires offering secure payment method.
Providing security for each individual online consumer at the same time (particularly for large websites) is a time-consuming effort that can result in a variety of issues, including response delays, customer orders being lost, and system freeze or crash, all of which impair system performance.
This work seeks to present a new multi-agent system prototype structure that solves the challenge of security while avoiding issues that might degrade system performance. By creating integrated system taking into account the three parties the e-commerce, the e-bank and the customer, the main concentration is to create an archeticture that helps in decreasing the website traffic and supportng the security with effective performance. To simulate the real systems a recommendation system is created based on the customer behaviors to increase system performance in helping the customers to find their favorite products and solve problems like cold start, sparsity of user‐item matrix, scalability, and changes in user interest.
This is done by creating a commercial environment (e-commerce and e-bank websites) and a software agent that is installed on the client's device to handle the purchase and ciphering procedures without the need for the consumer to intervene. The security process involve preprocessing phase followed by a modified lightweight AES employing chaotic tent map to generate encryption key.
Designing the electronic payment system for the UOITC university using Zain Cash wallet
Authors: Abdulhussein Reem Razzaq , Kamil Wail Khaled 
Published: October 2023

The payment system is a suggested project that will construct an adequate information management system, for the University of Information Technology and Communication . The proposed system will be sufficient for documenting cash payments of university fees, and eliminating mistakes caused by the manual approach of collecting student payment information. The main objective of this project is to design and implement an electronic payment system(EPS). allows students of private government University in addition evening students at the university, to pay tuition fees using the electronic payment system through the Zain Cash Wallet service. The computer-based payment documentation system of the UOITC was implemented using PHP languages, MYSQL database. Results indicate that the design of an efficient system enhances the payment system of the UOITC; the work satisfied all the objectives intended.
Modification Fuzzy Artificial Neural Networks For Solving Fuzzy Singular Perturbation Problems With Boundary Condition
Authors: Al-Janabi Tabark Aqeel , Mohammed  Al-Abrahemee Khalid Mindeel 
Published: October 2023

Throughout this work through the using of a neuro-fuzzy system, we have developed a new technique. This updated approach is known neuro – fuzzy system method (MNFS). to develop a numerical method for resolving (FSPPs) for ordinary differential equations with BC. The activation function for hyperbolic tangents used to determine the hidden units' sigmoid function and the parameters of a fuzzy neural network and its formula is: .Standard training algorithms and analytical techniques were contrasted with the suggested strategy. Our research revealed the provided approach stands out for its excellent accuracy of the results, low error rate, and much faster speed than that of conventional methods. A number of examples are used to demonstrate the suggested strategy.
Solving Fractional Partial Differential Equations by Triple g-Transformation
Authors: Hadi AL-Owaidi Rabab Jasim , Geem Metaq Hamza 
Published: October 2023

In this article, we use triple g-transformation for solving fractional partial differential equations. There are many studies about finding solutions of fractional partial differential equation by using many transformations like Laplace transform, Fourier transform and Elzaki transform. In this paper we use triple g-transformation because this transformation can be used to solve most of the fractional partial differential equations by choosing the appropriate functions .
The Cubic Rank Transmuted Gumbel Distribution
Authors: ELHertaniy Doaa Abed , Bashir Hamid Abdel Rahim 
Published: October 2023

A Cubic Rank Transmuted Gumbel distribution (CTGD) in this research is extend the work of cubic transmuted distribution families. CTGD improves the flexibility of transmuted distributions and allows for the modeling of more complex data. Its hazard rate function, moment-generating function, moments, quantile function, entropy and order statistics, are only a few of the key statistical characteristics that we examine. Finally, the Cubic Transmuted Gumbel Distribution is applied to three real datasets to test its applicability and evaluate how well estimate approaches function for the CTGD, Gumbel(G), and transmuted Gumbel (TG) distributions. The observed results demonstrated that, for the used data sets, CTGD provides a superior fit than G and TG distributions.
Human Recognition Using Ear Features: A Review
Authors: Rajab Maha A. , Hashim Kadhim M. 
Published: October 2023

Over the past few years, ear biometrics has attracted a lot of attention. It is a trusted biometric for the identification and recognition of humans due to its consistent shape and rich texture variation. The ear presents an attractive solution since it is visible, ear images are easily captured, and the ear structure remains relatively stable over time. In this paper, a comprehensive review of prior research was conducted to establish the efficacy of utilizing ear features for individual identification through the employment of both manually-crafted features and deep-learning approaches. The objective of this model is to present the accuracy rate of person identification systems based on either manually-crafted features such as DCT, DWT, DFT, PCA, LBP, SURF, SIFT, etc., or deep learning techniques such as CNN, DNN, Alex Net CNN, VGG-16, SVM, Squeeze Net, Google Net, MobileNetV2, etc. The effort will make it easier for researchers, especially those who are new to the field, to have a brief understanding of the trend of employing deep learning in a trustworthy biometric for the identification and recognition of human identification.
Enhancing The Performance of Intrusion Detection Using CNN And Reduction Techniques
Authors: Shakir Inbithaq A. , El-Bakry Hazem M. , Al-fetouh Saleh Ahmed A. 
Published: October 2023

There have been several security solutions based on artificial intelligence (AI), such as intrusion detection systems (IDS),cyberattacks are increasing because big data is increasing by using the internet on all sides of life, therefore, unbalanced data poses a serious problem in intrusion detection systems. The proposed detection system that is based on deep learning Convolutional Neural Network(CNN )partitions data into training and testing., Creating the classifier model for the Principal Component Analysis (PCA )technique of reducing features, is required for the development of intelligent analytic tools that need data pre-treatments and deep learning algorithm-performance enhancement. The UNSW-NB15 data set is used According to experimental findings, We employed a number of evaluation tools to assess the proposed NIDCNN strategy relying on the UNSW-NB15 data set that takes 30% of it for testing and after processing this part of the data became used to evaluate the proposed system. Measures such as a classifier's F-Score, precision, and sensitivity (Recall) are evaluated. Classifier performs better than the other approaches at determining if the data stream is normal or malicious. which is used to assess deep learning's effectiveness, the suggested model results from a high level of accuracy. The experimental findings demonstrate the suggested system's ability to accelerate the intrusion detection process while reducing memory and CPU usage. Experimental results prove the theoretical considerations.Because the UNSW-NB15 data set contains a wide range of patterns that accurately represent contemporary real network traffic, New NIDS algorithms can therefore be assessed using it.
SAS-Injective Modules
Authors: Chyad Heba Hadi , Mehdi Akeel Ramadan 
Published: October 2023

We introduce and investigate SAS-injective modules as a generalization of small injectivity. A right module over a ring is said to be SAS- -injective (where is a right -module) if every right-homomorphism from a semiartinian small right submodule of into extends to . A module is said to be SAS-injective, if is SAS- -injective. Some characterizations and properties of SAS-injective modules are given. Some results on small injectivity are extended to SAS-injectivity.
Solving Linear System of Fredholm Integral Equations with Homotopy Analysis and Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Ahmed Rasha F. , Al-Hayani Waleed , Al-Bayati Abbas Y. 
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we propose a technique called Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM) for solving linear systems of Fredholm integral equations to find relatively close solutions. The HAM approach involves an auxiliary parameter that offers a straightforward method for adjusting and managing the region where the series of solutions converge. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the HAM approach through our experimental results. Additionally, we improve the HAM approach by incorporating a genetic algorithm (HAM-GA) to further optimize the solutions. The performance of HAM-GA is evaluated by comparing its results to those obtained by HAM, using the residual error function as a fitness function for the genetic algorithm.
Reusability of Legacy Software Using Microservices: An Online Exam System Example
Authors: Abed Hamed Saad Hussein 
Published: October 2023

A new design approach called microservices-based architecture is quickly emerging as one of the most efficient ways to re-architect aging enterprise systems and reengineer them into new modern systems . Microservice architecture is essential for creating high-quality, scalable, high-performance, and easy-to-maintain software. The newest method of creating new applications or reorganizing existing systems is the microservice-based architecture. It is thought to be more efficient in a number of areas than the more traditional service-oriented design, including: such as maintainability, dependability, scalability, and agility. Software Engineering developed an architecture with independent and autonomous components known as the microservice architecture in response to the requirement to enhance and evolve software architecture design. Online exams are crucial components of education. It minimizes the vast amount of material resources and is both quick and effective. However, monolithic design, which was used to create online exam systems, has more issues and is incompatible with cloud computing, distribution, or new technologies. This paper presents on evolving and reusability a legacy enterprise system (Online Exam) using a microservice architecture. the study's contributions To update a legacy enterprise system, feature-driven microservice-specific transformation rules are adopted. Performance, maintainability, scalability, and testability are prioritized when comparing a historical monolithic architecture to a microservice architecture.
Generalized Hom Γ-Derivation of n- BiHom Γ-Lie algebra
Authors: Shaheen Rajaa C. , Rahman Ameer H. 
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this paper, is to introduce a new concepts which are induced n-Bi-Hom -Lie algebra, -Center, ( , ) -Center, ( , ) Hom - derivation, ( , ) Q-Hom , ( , ) Central Hom - derivation, ( , ) Hom - Centroid and give the condition to construct induced n- Bi-Hom -Lie algebra, studied Generalized Hom -derivations on direct sum of ideals and we studied the relation between Hom , Hom and Q Hom , Q Hom , G Hom .
Eventual Fitting Shadowing Property for Hyperbolic Dynamical Systems
Authors: AL-Ftlawy Dunia M.K. , AL-Shara Iftichar M.T. 
Published: October 2023

Let be a diffeomorphism map on a closed smooth manifold for dimension . We explain in this work any chain transitive set of generic diffeomorphism , if a diffeomorphism has another type of shadowing property is called, the eventual shadowing property on locally maximal chain transitive set, then is hyperbolic. In general, the eventual fitting shadowing property is not fulfilled in hyperbolic dynamical systems (satisfy in case L is Anosov diffeomorphism map) . In this paper, several concepts were presented. These concepts can be re-examined on other important spaces, and their impact on finding dynamical characteristics that may be employed in solving some mathematical problems.
Onat Kutlar’ın "Kediler" İsimli Hikâyesinde Gerçekliğin Farklı Boyutları Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Ayşe Nur 
Published: October 2023

Türk edebiyatında 1950’lerdeki modernist kırılmanın yanı sıra yaşanan siyasal ve kültürel dönüşümle ve Batılı akımların/yazarların etkisiyle yeni tarzda hikâyeler yazan bir kuşak oluşur. Özellikle basmakalıp söylemleri reddeden, hem klasik gerçekçiliğe hem de toplumcu gerçekçi edebiyat geleneklerine karşı çıkan, önceki kuşaklardan farklı bir sanat ve gerçeklik anlayışını temsil eden ve bireyin içsel yönünü merkeze alan hikâyeler kaleme alan kuşağın yazarları, biçim ve anlatım olanakları açısından da yeni teknikler kullanır.
1950 kuşağı hikâyecileri arasında müstesna bir yeri olan Onat Kutlar’ın 1959 yılında kaleme aldığı ilk hikâye kitabı olan İshak, 1960’ta Türk Dil Kurumu hikâye ödülü ile taltif edilmiştir. Henüz küçük yaşlarda bu vadide denemeler yapmaya başlayan yazarın yirmi üç yaşında ortaya koyduğu, dokuz hikâyeden oluşan bu eseri, büyük övgülere mazhar olmuş ve kimi araştırmacılar tarafından Türk edebiyatında büyülü gerçekçiliğin izlerini taşıyan ilk örnek olarak değerlendirilmiştir. İlk ve orta öğrenimini Gaziantep’te tamamlayan Kutlar’ın hayatından, çocukluğunu ve ilk gençlik yıllarını geçirdiği Gaziantep’ten izler taşıyan bu eserin Batılı kimi modernist tekniklerle de münasebeti vardır. Gerçekliğin farklı katmanlar ya da varlık düzeyleri şeklinde çoğullaştığı bu eserde fantastik motifler de gözlemlenmektedir. Dolayısıyla modernist tekniklerle kaynaşmış yerli bir temel üzerine inşa edilen bu hikâyelerde yazarın gerçekliğin farklı katmanlarında dolaştığı ve özgül bir kurmaca mantığının işlediği görülür. Hikâyelerden özellikle “Kediler”de gerçekliğin doğası klasik realizm akımının oldukça dışındadır.
Çalışmamızda, “Kediler” isimli hikâyede gerçekliğin farklı tabakaları üzerine bir inceleme yaparak Onat Kutlar ile ilgili bugüne kadar yapılan çalışmalara katkı sağlamak amaçlanmıştır.
Resection of the quadrangular lobule of the cerebellum to increase exposure of the cerebellomesencephalic fissure: an anatomical study with clinical correlation
Authors: Serrato-Avila Juan Leonardo , Paz Archila Juan Alberto , Monroy-Sosa Alejandro , Alejandro Sebastian Aníbal , Costa Marcos Devanir Silva da , Cavalheiro Sergio , Yagmurlu Kaan , Lawton Michael T. , Chaddad-Neto Feres 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
The lateral aspect of the cerebellomesencephalic fissure frequently harbors vascular pathology and is a common surgical corridor used to access the pons tegmentum, as well as the cerebellum and its superior and middle peduncles. The quadrangular lobule of the cerebellum (QLC) represents an obstacle to reach these structures. The authors sought to analyze and compare exposure of the cerebellar interpeduncular region (CIPR) before and after QLC resection and provide a case series to evaluate its clinical applicability.

METHODS
Forty-two sides of human brainstems were prepared with Klingler’s method and dissected. The exposure area before and after resection of the QLC was measured and statistically studied. A case series of 59 patients who underwent QLC resection for the treatment of CIPR lesions was presented and clinical outcomes were evaluated at 1-year follow-up.

RESULTS
The anteroposterior surgical corridor of the CIPR increased by 10.3 mm after resection of the QLC. The mean exposure areas were 42 mm2 before resection of the QLC and 159.6 mm2 after resection. In this series, ataxia, extrapyramidal syndrome, and akinetic mutism were found after surgery. However, all these cases resolved within 1 year of follow-up. Modified Rankin Scale score improved by 1 grade, on average.

CONCLUSIONS
QLC resection significantly increased the exposure area, mainly in the anteroposterior axis. This surgical strategy appears to be safe and may help the neurosurgeon when operating on the lateral aspect of the cerebellomesencephalic fissure.