bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model-based analysis of subthreshold mechanisms of spinal cord stimulation for pain
Authors: Rogers Evan R , Mirzakhalili Ehsan , Lempka Scott F 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a common treatment for chronic pain. For decades, SCS maximized overlap between stimulation-induced paresthesias and the patient’s painful areas. Recently developed SCS paradigms relieve pain at sub-perceptible amplitudes, yet little is known about the neural response to these new waveforms or their analgesic mechanisms of action. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the neural response to multiple forms of paresthesia-free SCS. Approach. We used computational modeling to investigate the neurophysiological effects and the plausibility of commonly proposed mechanisms of three paresthesia-free SCS paradigms: burst, 1 kHz, and 10 kHz SCS. Specifically, in C- and Aβ-fibers, we investigated the effects of different SCS waveforms on spike timing and activation thresholds, as well as how stochastic ion channel gating affects the response of dorsal column axons. Finally, we characterized membrane polarization of superficial dorsal horn neurons. Main results. We found that none of the SCS waveforms activate nor modulate spike timing in C-fibers. Spike timing was modulated in Aβ-fibers only at suprathreshold amplitudes. Ion channel stochasticity had little effect on Aβ-fiber activation thresholds but produced heterogeneous spike timings at suprathreshold amplitudes. Finally, local cells were preferentially polarized in their axon terminals, and the magnitude of this polarization was dependent on cellular morphology and position relative to the stimulation electrodes. Significance. Overall, the mechanisms of action of subparesthetic SCS remain unclear. Our results suggest that no SCS waveforms directly activate C-fibers, and modulation of spike timing is unlikely at subthreshold amplitudes. We conclude that potential subthreshold neuromodulatory effects of SCS on local cells are likely to be presynaptic in nature, as axons are preferentially depolarized during SCS.
Unsupervised domain adaptation for cross-patient seizure classification
Authors: Wang Ziwei , Zhang Wen , Li Siyang , Chen Xinru , Wu Dongrui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. Epileptic seizure is a chronic neurological disease affecting millions of patients. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is the gold standard in epileptic seizure classification. However, its low signal-to-noise ratio, strong non-stationarity, and large individual difference nature make it difficult to directly extend the seizure classification model from one patient to another. This paper considers multi-source unsupervised domain adaptation for cross-patient EEG-based seizure classification, i.e. there are multiple source patients with labeled EEG data, which are used to label the EEG trials of a new patient. Approach. We propose an source domain selection (SDS)-global domain adaptation (GDA)-target agent subdomain adaptation (TASA) approach, which includes SDS to filter out dissimilar source domains, GDA to align the overall distributions of the selected source domains and the target domain, and TASA to identify the most similar source domain to the target domain so that its labels can be utilized. Main results. Experiments on two public seizure datasets demonstrated that SDS-GDA-TASA outperformed 13 existing approaches in unsupervised cross-patient seizure classification. Significance. Our approach could save clinicians plenty of time in labeling EEG data for epilepsy patients, greatly increasing the efficiency of seizure diagnostics.
Identifying sex differences in EEG-based emotion recognition using graph convolutional network with attention mechanism
Authors: Peng Dan , Zheng Wei-Long , Liu Luyu , Jiang Wei-Bang , Li Ziyi , Lu Yong , Lu Bao-Liang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. Sex differences in emotions have been widely perceived via self-reports, peripheral physiological signals and brain imaging techniques. However, how sex differences are reflected in the electroencephalography (EEG) neural patterns of emotions remains unresolved. In this paper, we detect sex differences in emotional EEG patterns, investigate the consistency of such differences in various emotion datasets across cultures, and study how sex as a factor affects the performance of EEG-based emotion recognition models. Approach. We thoroughly assess sex differences in emotional EEG patterns on five public datasets, including SEED, SEED-IV, SEED-V, DEAP and DREAMER, systematically examine the sex-specific EEG patterns for happy, sad, fearful, disgusted and neutral emotions, and implement deep learning models for sex-specific emotion recognition. Main results. (1) Sex differences exist in various emotion types and both Western and Eastern cultures; (2) The emotion patterns of females are more stable than those of males, and the patterns of happiness from females are in sharp contrast with the patterns of sadness, fear and disgust, while the energy levels are more balanced for males; (3) The key features for emotion recognition are mainly located at the frontal and temporal sites for females and distributed more evenly over the whole brain for males, and (4) the same-sex emotion recognition models outperform the corresponding cross-sex models. Significance. These findings extend efforts to characterize sex differences in emotional brain activation, provide new physiological evidence for sex-specific emotion processing, and reinforce the message that sex differences should be carefully considered in affective research and precision medicine.
Threshold anomalies in low-energy reactions with loosely-bound projectiles
Authors: Aguilera E F , Torabi F , Morales-Rivera J C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Recent results concerning data for fusion and elastic scattering of low-energy neutron-halo 6He and weakly-bound 6Li projectiles, colliding with medium mass targets, are briefly reviewed. The extended optical model (EOM) was used, which includes two complex polarization potentials, one associated to fusion couplings and the other one associated to direct reaction couplings. Four systems having 6Li projectiles and one with 6He were analyzed. The extracted threshold anomalies are discussed.
Understanding Heavy-ion Fusion Cross Section Data Using Novel Artificial Intelligence Approaches
Authors: Dell’Aquila Daniele , Gnoffo Brunilde , Lombardo Ivano , Porto Francesco , Redigolo Luigi , Russo Marco 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An unprecedentedly extensive dataset of complete fusion cross section data is modeled via a novel artificial intelligence approach. The analysis was focused on light-to-medium-mass nuclei, where fission-like phenomena are more difficult to occur. The method used to derive the models exploits a state-of-the-art hybridization of genetic programming and artificial neural networks and is capable to derive, in a data-driven way, an analytical expression that serves to predict integrated cross section values. We analyzed a comprehensive set of nuclear variables, including quantities related to the nuclear structure of projectile and target. In this paper, we describe the derivation of two computationally simple models that can satisfactorily describe, with a reduced number of variables and only a few parameters, a large variety of light-to-intermediate-mass collision systems in an energy domain ranging approximately from the Coulomb barrier to the oncet of multi-fragmentation phenomena. The underlying methods are of potential use for a broad domain of applications in the nuclear field.
Nuclear structure and dynamics with light exotic beams
Authors: Di Pietro A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this contribution some aspects of the reaction dynamics of collisions involving light exotic nuclei will be introduced. In particular the dynamics of proton-halo nuclei and the differences with neutron-halo induced reactions will be discussed. Moreover, the formation of quasi-molecular states in the scattering of light nuclei having a neutron skin with α-particles will be presented.
Monoisotopic targets production from atomic and molecular positive ion implantation in a tandem accelerator at low energies
Authors: Mas-Ruiz J. , Marín-Lámbarri D. J. , Sandoval-Hipólito S. , Monroy-Díaz E. , Reza G. , Valdéz-Guerrero A. O. , Acosta L. , Andrade E. , Belmont D. , Huerta A. , Solís C. , Chávez E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We produced monoisotopic targets of 13C and 28,29Si with 1015−16 atoms/cm2 areal density by ion implantation in different matrices at the Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) facility in Mexico. The tandem accelerator terminal voltage was set at the lowest achievable value (200 kV) that yield beams with energy of 435 keV. It is possible to do ion implantation at lower energies in our facility through the use of molecular beams, so in this work we looked for, and successfully found, bound positively charged molecular beams, although with very low intensity. We inject 235 keV

C

6

−

molecules into the charge of exchange canal (argon) of our tandem accelerator and detected the survival fraction of C2,3,4 molecules in 1+ and 2+ charge states or above. Our results showed that some molecules remain bound, with one or more electrons missing, after being forced through a low density gas stripper at relatively high energy. In the production process of negative molecular fluxes in the Source of Negative Ions by Cesium Sputtering (SNICS) we found an odd-even effect in their intensity that we understand as the coupling between the fragment size distribution of a dynamic fragmentation of graphite by cesium impact and the electron affinity of the molecules with n-carbon atoms. The availability of these kind of high energy molecular beams opens the door for discovery both in the study of the physics of negative and positive molecular ions.
Clustering states in neutron-rich nuclei
Authors: Risitano F. , Gnoffo B. , Trimarchi M. , Acosta L. , Cardella G. , De Filippo E. , Dell’Aquila D. , Geraci E. , Lombardo I. , Maiolino C. , Martorana N.S. , Pagano A. , Pagano E.V. , Papa M. , Pirrone S. , Politi G. , Rizzo F. , Russotto P. , Santagati G. , Zagami C. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The study of clustering states in neutron-rich nuclei is an important subject of research in the field of nuclear physics, steadily growing in interest in the international scientific community. In this context, break-up reactions play an important role for the characterization of exotic states in radioactive light nuclei, like neutron halos around stable cores, α-clustering structures or exotic clusters. The CLIR (Clusters in Light Ion Reactions) experiment was performed at INFN - Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), aiming at the investigation of such states in light radioactive nuclei, by producing a radioactive beam at the FRIBs facility. Reaction products were detected by the CHIMERA multidetector, coupled with four telescopes of the FARCOS array. Calibrations of the tagging system and of the FARCOS telescopes have been performed, for which accurate procedures have been carried out. In this paper, results on the analysis will be presented. Moreover, a brief review on the new fragment separator FRAISE, currently under construction at LNS, will be given.
Total Reflection Xray Fluorescence (TXRF) spectrometry as a powerful and broad-spectrum analytical tool in the nuclear sciences
Authors: Rodríguez Alejandre J L , Sharma Vijay R. , Acosta Sánchez L. A. , Dasgupta-Schubert N 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
X-ray spectroscopy is widely used in nuclear reaction and structure studies. To aid such studies the technological envelope is continually being pushed to achieve higher quality such as superior power and brilliance, higher resolution and sensitivity. We present the discussion of a relatively new form of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry - Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence (TXRF) spectrometry that can achieve analytical sensitivities of the order of parts per billion (ppb). An overview of the TXRF technique is presented and its utility for nuclear materials analysis discussed. Polarized Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (PEDXRF) spectrometry is also an XRF technique that can complement TXRFS where it may not be applicable. That scenario is discussed with respect to our results using PEDXRF on geothermal samples that serve to corroborate the recent findings of the Borexino Geoneutrino Experiment regarding the high Th, U concentrations in the earth’s mantle.
Symmetry-resolved entanglement: general considerations, calculation from correlation functions, and bounds for symmetry-protected topological phases
Authors: Monkman Kyle , Sirker Jesko 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We discuss some general properties of the symmetry-resolved entanglement entropy in systems with particle number conservation. Using these general results, we describe how to obtain bounds on the entanglement components from correlation functions in Gaussian systems. We introduce majorization as an important tool to derive entanglement bounds. As an application, we derive lower bounds both for the number and the configurational entropy for chiral and Cn
-symmetric topological phases. In some cases, our considerations also lead to an improvement of the previously known lower bounds for the entanglement entropy in such systems.
EPS-Geofoam as Lightweight material for Replacement of Embankment Fill to Overcome Landslide Problems at STA 40+200 of Cisumdawu Toll Road, West Java
Authors: Rahardjo P P , Anggoro B W , Wijaya M , Seourin D P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Toll Road construction takes a vital role to connects cities in Indonesia. Cisumdawu toll road which is constructed to connects Cileunyi, Sumedang and Dawuan, pass through a complex geological formation and suffers a number of slope failures during construction. At STA 40+200, the toll road is constructed by using 20m height embankment by using local soil. Prior to reaching the final elevation, significant land movement was observed. In order to rehabilitate the embankment, the fill is excavated in order to reduce driving loads acting on the sliding plane and EPS geofoam is used as lightweight material to replace soil fill in order to reduce the driving forces acting on the soil. In this paper, the mechanism of slope failure and discussion on the EPS-Geofoam and pavement system employed to solve the slope failure problem will be discussed.
Design to Failure: What Went Wrong?
Authors: Nazir R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Failures resulted from a lack of awareness of the dangers involved, a lack of competent geotechnical engineering engagement, poor communication, and a tendency to invest insufficient resources to complete a thorough design. Various factors, including changes in the water table, progressive soil erosion, soil heterogeneity, excavation activities, soil liquefaction, and natural disasters such as earthquakes and landslides, can cause geotechnical failures. This demonstrates the need for geotechnical engineers to have the necessary knowledge and skills to build safe structures with a low risk of geotechnical failure. Prediction and anticipation are the arts of geotechnical design rather than a comprehensive quantitative analysis. As a result, this paper will offer various case studies of geotechnical failures to provide recommendations.
Slope Monitoring of a Road Embankment by Using Distributed Optical Fibre Sensing Inclinometer
Authors: Ghazali M F , Mohamad H , Nasir M Y , Aizzuddin A M , Aiman MS 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Distributed Optical Fibre Sensor (DOFS) is a versatile sensor considering that it can be used to measure various parameters, such as detection of small strains over large areas and long distances. The application of DOFS is currently being explored as an early warning system, particularly for slope movement detection. In this paper, an embankment slope at Sungai Rual, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia was selected to determine the best monitoring layout for landslide detection. Two methods of installation for vertical Fibre Optic (FO) inclinometers (using conventional casing with a special grove) were installed to monitor subsurface horizontal ground movements. The first method of FO inclinometer installation uses concrete (grade 35) grouting, and the second method uses a bentonite mixture. It was found that the first method was unsuccessful due to the fibre breakage during the hardening process of concrete and hence not recommended. However, the measurement was successfully taken for the bentonite mixture method. The displacement reading was taken using both the FO and conventional inclinometer probe. The reading for the 9.5 m depth of the inclinometer casing were recorded for the comparison between FO and conventional inclinometer probes. A comparison between FO and conventional systems showed almost similar results to the conventional method. The FO inclinometer developed in this project shall provide vital information to assist designers and operators, as well as inform stakeholders on the integrity of their structures.
Determination of Replacement Material Thickness in the Case of Expansive Soil in Dams
Authors: Riza Muhammad , Mulyawati Isah Bela , Kurniawan Cepi Herdiyan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
One simple solution to reduce the impact of damage caused by swelling on expansive soil is to replace it with soil that has better properties. Unlike replacing expansive soil material in the subgrade or foundation layer, replacing expansive material in a constructed dam requires special consideration, as fluctuating reservoir water levels and rainfall cycles affect the active zone of expansive soil, which will affect the stability of the dam. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the thickness of the replacement layer, which is also the active zone of expansive soil in the dam, by modeling the stability of the dam against changes in reservoir water levels and rainfall cycles with parent analysis using finite element and limit equilibrium method programs. One example of dam damage caused by expansive soil was used as a case study. The study results show that changes in the wet-dry active zone can be used as a basis for determining the thickness of the replacement material in cases of expansive soil in dams.
Strategies to stabilise a complex instability phenomenon in Central Italy
Authors: Totani F , Totani G , Tomei V 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The instability phenomena that regards very large and complex landslides are a challenge to minimize social and economic losses. In this paper we present the studies to programme and design the stabilizing works of the complex slope instability phenomena in the town of Lettomanoppello (Central Italy). It is located in the central-eastern margin of the Apennines, along the north-western foothills of the relief of the Maiella Mountain (2793 m a.s.l.). The slope, on which the village of Lettomanoppello (350 m a.s.l.)is located, is historically known for its susceptibility to landslides. These phenomena involve geo-morphological aspects and geotechnical conditions and complex geo-materials characteristics. The area incudes Quaternary continental deposits (detritus deposits, limestone debris hetero-metrics, landslide body) and Mio-Pleistocene marine deposits (clay, clay, marl and chalk alteration; limestone). The hydrogeological conditions of the area are characterized by a complex drainage system that affects the stability of the slope. Among the stabilization works that are provided in design, the drainage works take a prominent role. The paper presents the geotechnical characterization for the design (location and dimensions) of the tunnel for deep water drainage. The location of drainage tunnel was design according to the hydraulic condition. The tunnel crosses a horseshoe shaped underneath the historical centre of Lettomanoppelllo and the elevation of its mouths are at 290 m a.s.l. The total length is about 1000 m, and the coverings vary from 60 m to 100 m. The operation of drainage tunnel improves the overall stability of the slope and the drainage waters will be conveyed to pipe towards a hydraulic turbine located at 190 m a.s.l. in the lower part of the slope to produce electric energy.
Back analysis of wall displacement on deep excavation process: the case study of Taipei metro project
Authors: Soegianto D P , Chang C H , Tseng C W , Lai C M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Sinotech Engineering Consultants had started digital transformation in 2016 and developed the deep excavation automation design platform which called SinoExcavation in 2018. All design calculation are now integrated into a new design web platform, and have help optimize design process. In 2021, a new construction platform is developed to connect the each construction condition and monitoring database. One of the construction platform accompanied program to semi-automatically back analyse the monitoring data to get the real soil parameters. In this article, one of the Taipei Metro station is analysed to deduce surrounding geological parameter. By having this tool, Sinotech can developed and provide a reliable method and parameters that can be used as reference for similar geological condition and construction scale. In this article, one Taipei MRT station construction is back calculated using this platform. The result show that soil around the excavation line experience softening due to excavation unbalance force; hence, soil stiffness reduced. Secondly, the buttress wall is proven can be used as a building protection method by reducing the maximum wall deformation.
Case study on shield steering along a sharp curve
Authors: Sugimoto M , An H L C , Kinoshita K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Due to ongoing development of shield tunnelling technologies, usage of more complicated tunnel alignments is increasing. Therefore, more proper steering of shield machines is expected. Shield behaviour is controlled mainly by copy cutter, articulation mechanism, and jack force, but these three shield steering parameters are not easy to be determined, because of their high co-linearity and varying geological conditions. A discharging tunnel with a sharp curve was planned by an articulated EPB type shield. Therefore, as a preliminary analysis, the required shield steering parameters for the planned tunnel were calculated by shield behaviour simulation, and the obtained shield steering parameters were compared with the shield equipped capacity. Furthermore, as a post-analysis, the shield behaviour simulation was carried out by using the site measured data, and the input parameters at the preliminary analysis were examined. Through this research, the followings were found: 1) in the preliminary analysis, the shield equipped capacity is enough to construct the tunnel; 2) in the post-analysis, it was required to increase the face resistance parameter and to decrease the effective rates of overcut and copy cutter length, to match the analysis shield behaviour to the measured one; and 3) the shield kinematic model can simulate shield behaviour reasonably.