bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological effects of sphericalSiO2and hexagonal mesoporousMCM‐41 nanoparticles in polyacrylonitrile mixed matrix membranes on the biofouling mitigation in short‐term filtration
Authors: Hashemi Targol , Mehrnia Mohammad Reza , Pourafshari Chenar Mahdi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, the morphology of the nanostructures is evaluated on the surface characterization and performance of the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ultrafiltration mixed matrix membranes (MMM). To this end, silica nanoparticles (NPs) such as spherical (SiO2) and hexagonal mesoporous (MCM‐41) with high hydrophilicity were incorporated at 0.5, 1, and 2 wt%. Attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared analysis illustrated the placement of NP on the surface of the MMM. Atomic force microscopy studies also showed that SiO2NP added to PAN exhibited a smoother surface than MCM‐41 NP. Field‐emission scanning electron microscope analysis of the MMM identified that all membranes are composed of a finger‐like porous structure. Contact angle measurements indicate that the morphology of the NPs has no significant effect on MMM hydrophilicity. Moreover, the performance of the MMM was evaluated, and regardless of NP morphology, the MMM showed better permeate flux with increased loading. A higher pure water flux was observed in the PAN‐MCM41‐1% membrane (237 L/m2 h), possibly because of inherent porosity and high hydrophilicity of MCM‐41 compared to SiO2NP. Further, the PAN‐SiO2‐1% membrane exhibited superior antifouling properties due to a lower surface roughness. The present studies reveal that the morphology of the NP greatly influence on the structure, permeation, and antifouling properties of PAN membranes.
Investigation of water absorption performance of polyester‐woven fabrics coated with super absorbent polymer
Authors: Özan Kadir , Kanik Mehmet , Özer Sude Seyda 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSuperabsorbent polymers (SAPs) constitute a special class of polymers widely used in various fields, especially in the hygiene and healthcare sectors. This study investigates the feasibility of achieving high water absorption capacity surfaces by coating powdered SAP using conventional coating methods onto textile surfaces. For this purpose, water‐based coating pastes containing micronized SAP powder based on acrylamide/acrylic acid copolymer were coated onto polyester (PES)‐woven fabric surfaces using a knife‐over‐roll coating technique. As the working parameters, the pH value of the coating paste, the coating thickness (the distance between the cloth and the knife), the drying/fixing temperature and time, the SAP concentration, and the water absorption capacity according to time were investigated. The results were evaluated by applying the coating thickness, the amount of coating material transferred to the fabric on the SAP‐coated samples, water absorbing capacity, and centrifugal water retention tests. The obtained results have demonstrated that textile surfaces with high water absorption capacity (on average 200%–350%) can be achieved by coating hydrophobic fabric surfaces, such as PES, with SAP under suitable conditions.
Incorporation of healthy volunteers data on receptor occupancy into a phase II proof‐of‐concept trial using a Bayesian dynamic borrowing design
Authors: Di Stefano Fulvio , Rodrigues Christelle , Galtier Stephanie , Guilleminot Sandrine , Robert Veronique , Gasparini Mauro , Saint‐Hilary Gaelle 
Published: October 2023

AbstractReceptor occupancy in targeted tissues measures the proportion of receptors occupied by a drug at equilibrium and is sometimes used as a surrogate of drug efficacy to inform dose selection in clinical trials. We propose to incorporate data on receptor occupancy from a phase I study in healthy volunteers into a phase II proof‐of‐concept study in patients, with the objective of using all the available evidence to make informed decisions. A minimal physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling is used to model receptor occupancy in healthy volunteers and to predict it in the patients of a phase II proof‐of‐concept study, taking into account the variability of the population parameters and the specific differences arising from the pathological condition compared to healthy volunteers. Then, given an estimated relationship between receptor occupancy and the clinical endpoint, an informative prior distribution is derived for the clinical endpoint in both the treatment and control arms of the phase II study. These distributions are incorporated into a Bayesian dynamic borrowing design to supplement concurrent phase II trial data. A simulation study in immuno‐inflammation demonstrates that the proposed design increases the power of the study while maintaining a type I error at acceptable levels for realistic values of the clinical endpoint.
Lipid Droplets Specific Fluorophore for Demarcation of Normal and Diseased Tissues
Authors: Rajput Ms. Deeksha , Mahalingavelar Paramasivam , Patel Ms. Dhara , Bait Amey , Mandal Palash , Soppina Virupakshi , Kanvah Sriram 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUsing high‐fidelity, permeable, lipophilic, and bright fluorophores for imaging lipid droplets (LDs) in tissues holds immense potential in diagnosing conditions such as diabetic or alcoholic fatty liver disease. In this work, we utilized linear and Λ‐shaped polarity‐sensitive fluorescent probes for imaging LDs in both cellular and tissue environments, specifically in rats with diabetic and alcoholic fatty liver disease. The fluorescent probes possess several key characteristics, including high permeability, lipophilicity, and brightness, which make them well‐suited for efficient LD imaging. Notably, the probes exhibit a substantial Stokes shift, with 143 nm for DCS and 201 nm for DCN with selective targeting of the lipid droplets. Our experimental investigations successfully differentiated morphological variations between diseased and normal tissues in three distinct tissue types: liver, adipose, and small intestine. They could help provide pointers for improved detection and understanding of LD‐related pathologies.
A novel high‐risk aortic root anatomy for right coronary artery occlusion during TAVI
Authors: Orzalkiewicz Mateusz , Bruno Antonio G. , Saia Francesco , Palmerini Tullio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAcute coronary occlusion during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a rare but potentially lethal complication. Main mechanisms are sinus insufficiency or sinus sequestration with well‐described risk factors. We present two cases of acute right coronary artery occlusion during TAVI with a self‐expanding valve in the absence of classical risk factors and propose a novel mechanism.
Multiple emergency department encounters for acute musculoskeletal presentation with an existing mental health diagnosis
Authors: Arora Priya , Elliott James M , Pourkazemi Fereshteh , Nasseri Pebdani Roxanna 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageReconceptualising acute Musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries with both stress‐ and tissue‐ based factors is required to consider prior influences of mental health disorders on acute persistent MSK pain presentations. This report describes repeated emergency presentations of an individual with acute persistent MSK pain in their twenties living with mental health. Their mental health diagnoses included depression, mood disorders, and anorexia nervosa. This person also had mental health related inpatient admissions that were not captured under the retrospective record review for a large district hospital emergency department using the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT) classification system. This case report attempts to demonstrate that improving the understanding of preexisting vulnerabilities and mental health diagnoses may assist with informing healthcare design to develop specialised care pathways for acute injury presentations within triage settings.
Using ethephon for seedhead suppression of ‘KSUZ 0802’ (Innovation) zoysiagrass
Authors: Chhetri Manoj , Fry Jack D. , Kennelly Megan M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract‘KSUZ 0802’ zoysiagrass (Innovation zoysiagrass, Zoysia matrella × Z. japonica) is a new cultivar that provides a high‐quality playing surface on golf course fairways and tees. However, seedheads produced in late spring disrupt the playing surface. The plant growth regulator (PGR) ethephon has produced variable results in prior studies in suppressing zoysiagrass seedheads, and information for KSUZ 0802 is lacking. A two‐year field experiment was conducted from 2019–2021 in Manhattan, KS, to assess the performance of ethephon (Proxy) on seedhead suppression of KSUZ 0802 zoysiagrass. Treatments included ethephon applied in a single application at 5 fl. oz. 1000 ft−2 on multiple dates between August and November. Seedhead suppression was determined by counting seedheads in late spring. Ethephon applied in September provided >60% seedhead suppression; however, when applied during other months, variations were large between the two study years. Applying ethephon when accumulated cooling degree days (68°F base) were <37 resulted in >70% seedhead suppression, except for application on September 25, 2019. Late August ethephon applications, despite achieving good seedhead suppression (ranging from 54 to 80%), caused transient yet commercially unacceptable injury to KSUZ 0802 in both years. Application timing affected turf quality in late spring as KSUZ 0802 with fewer seedheads had better quality post‐mowing, but no effect on spring greenup was observed. Ethephon can be an effective PGR for seedhead suppression in KSUZ 0802 zoysiagrass. However, careful consideration of application timing is essential as applying ethephon in late summer or late autumn can produce undesirable results.
Optimization of the Coating Process of a Ca(OH)2‐Based Thermochemical Energy Storage Material
Authors: Lucke Benjamin W. , Afflerbach Sandra , Krumm Wolfgang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA promising candidate for a thermochemical storage system implemented into district heating is a previously developed core‐shell material based on CaO/Ca(OH)2. Proceeding from the preliminary manufacturing process, this work aims to optimize relevant material properties as mechanical stability and shell uniformity, by varying defined parameters during a reproduceable coating procedure, ready for commercial upscaling.
Resilience and depressive symptoms in inpatients with depression: A cross‐lagged panel model
Authors: Meule Adrian , Lieb Klaus , Chmitorz Andrea , Voderholzer Ulrich 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundResilience—the ability to bounce back or quickly recover from stress—has been found to predict treatment outcome in patients with mental disorders such as depression. The current study aimed to test whether resilience itself changes during treatment and whether resilience exclusively predicts changes in depressive symptoms or whether depressive symptoms also predict changes in resilience.MethodsInpatients with depression (N = 2165; average length of stay M = 60 days, SD = 32) completed the Brief Resilience Scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale at admission and discharge, scores of which were used to run a cross‐lagged panel model.ResultsResilience increased and depressive symptoms decreased from admission to discharge. Cross‐sectionally, higher resilience was related to lower depressive symptoms at admission and at discharge. Prospectively, higher resilience at admission predicted stronger decreases in depressive symptoms, and higher depressive symptoms at admission predicted smaller increases in resilience.LimitationsSelf‐report questionnaires may potentially be biased (e.g., through recall bias, social desirability, or demand effects).ConclusionsThe current study further supports that resilience is related not only to fewer mental health problems cross‐sectionally but also is sensitive to change and a predictor of treatment outcome in patients with mental disorders. Given this pivotal role in mental health, the current findings highlight the importance of prevention and intervention approaches for promoting resilience in the general population and in persons with mental disorders in particular.
A simple and effective capacitor‐based equalizer for cell‐to‐cell battery equalization
Authors: Chen Haijin 
Published: October 2023

SummaryWe propose an equalizer using two capacitors along with a resistor and a cell access network to address the weakness of low equalization power for the flying‐capacitor based equalizer, which integrates the merits of simplicity and reliability in the application of cell‐to‐cell battery equalization. The equalization process is implemented by alternately charging the capacitors from high state of charge (SoC) cell and discharging the capacitors to low SoC cell, where the capacitors are run in parallel in charging and in series in discharging, and the charging or discharging duration is determined byξ, the multiple of the time constant of the circuit. A protection is also designed to suppress the peak current occurred when initializing the equalizer due to the zero‐boot voltage of the capacitor. Theoretical analysis shows that the equalization power, which is governed by the lumped resistance of equalization path andξ, can range from less than 1 W to greater than 6 W. The battery discharging time increases about 5.14% under constant current of 0.5 C in the experimental test. Additional advantage of our equalizer is its operating frequency as low as several Hz, which benefits hardware implementations. The equalizer can attain high equalization power through simple capacitors and a regulating resistor, which is suitable to be used for industrial applications.
Going with the floe:Sea‐ice movement affects distance and destination duringAdélie penguin winter movements
Authors: Jongsomjit Dennis , Lescroël Amelie , Schmidt Annie E. , Lisovski Simeon , Ainley David G. , Hines Ellen , Elrod Megan , Dugger Katie M. , Ballard Grant 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSeasonal migration, driven by shifts in annual climate cycles and resources, is a key part of the life history and ecology of species across taxonomic groups. By influencing the amount of energy needed to move, external forces such as wind and ocean currents are often key drivers of migratory pathways exposing individuals to varying resources, environmental conditions, and competition pressures impacting individual fitness and population dynamics. Although wildlife movements in connection with wind and ocean currents are relatively well understood, movements within sea‐ice fields have been much less studied, despite sea ice being an integral part of polar ecology. Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) in the southern Ross Sea, Antarctica, currently exist at the southernmost edge of their range and undergo the longest (~12,000 km) winter migration known for the species. Within and north of the Ross Sea, the Ross Gyre drives ocean circulation and the large‐scale movement of sea ice. We used remotely sensed sea‐ice movement data together with geolocation‐based penguin movement data to test the hypothesis that penguins use gyre‐driven sea‐ice movement to aid their migration. We found that penguins traveled greater distances when their movement vectors were aligned with those of sea ice (i.e., ice support) and the amount of ice support received depended on which route a penguin took. We also found that birds that took an eastern route traveled significantly further north in two of the 3 years we examined, coinciding with higher velocities of sea ice in those years. We compare our findings to patterns observed in migrating species that utilize air or water currents for their travel and with other studies showing the importance of ocean/sea‐ice circulation patterns to wildlife movement and life history patterns within the Ross Sea. Changes in sea ice may have consequences not only for energy expenditure but, by altering migration and movement pathways, to the ecological interactions that exist in this region.
Severe aortic insufficiency‐induced cardiogenic shock treated with left atrial VA‐ECMO and emergent valve‐in‐valve TAVR
Authors: Golzarian Hafez , Thiel Arielle , Hempfling Gerri , Otto Michael , Otto Todd , Shappell Emily , Racer Lisa , Martz Denise , Recker‐Herman Christine M. , Laird Amanda , Cole William C. , Sirak John , Patel Sandeep M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractConventional venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA‐ECMO) places a functional afterload burden on the left ventricle. In the setting of acute severe aortic insufficiency‐induced cardiogenic shock, the utility of VA‐ECMO in combination with a failing valve may result in catastrophic haemodynamic consequences. This challenge is compounded when the culprit is a failing surgical bioprosthetic valve. We present a case of severe rapid‐onset bioprosthetic aortic insufficiency‐induced cardiogenic shock successfully resuscitated with left atrial VA‐ECMO promptly followed by emergent percutaneous valve‐in‐valve transaortic valve replacement. We discuss the logistics, implications, and associated haemodynamic manifestations in utilizing this strategy for such disease processes.
Systemic vascular resistance predicts high‐output cardiac failure in patients with high‐flow arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Lee Dan‐Ying , Chen Ting , Huang Wei‐Chieh , Chou Ruey‐Hsing , Wu Cheng‐Hsueh , Yang Chih‐Yu , Lee Chiu‐Yang , Lin Chih‐Ching , Tarng Der‐Cherng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimsPatients with high‐flow arteriovenous (AV) access are at risk of developing high‐output cardiac failure (HOCF) and subsequent hospitalization. However, diagnosing HOCF is challenging and often requires invasive procedures. The role of systemic vascular resistance (SVR) in diagnosing HOCF is underestimated, and its predictive value is limited. Our study aims to identify non‐invasive risk factors for HOCF to facilitate early diagnosis and timely surgical interventions.Methods and resultsWe included 109 patients with high‐flow AV access who underwent serial echocardiography. The retrospective cohort was divided into two groups based on their hospitalization due to HOCF. The two groups were matched for age and gender. After a mean follow‐up of 25.1 months, 19 patients (17.4%) were hospitalized due to HOCF. The two groups had similar baseline characteristics. However, the HOCF group had a higher value of vascular access blood flow (Qa) (2168 ± 856 vs. 1828 ± 617 mL/min; P = 0.045). Echocardiographic analysis revealed that the HOCF group had more pronounced left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (E/e′: 21.1 ± 7.3 vs. 16.2 ± 5.9; P = 0.002), more severe pulmonary hypertension (right ventricular systolic pressure: 41.4 ± 16.7 vs. 32.2 ± 12.8; P = 0.009), a higher Doppler‐derived cardiac index (CI) (4.3 ± 0.8 vs. 3.7 ± 1.1; P = 0.031), and a lower Doppler‐derived estimated SVR (eSVR) value (5.5 ± 0.3 vs. 6.9 ± 0.2; P = 0.002) than the non‐HOCF group. Using multivariable Cox regression analysis, a low eSVR value (<6) emerged as an independent predictor of HOCF hospitalization with a hazard ratio of 9.084 (95% confidence interval, 2.33–35.39; P = 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that CI/eSVR values more accurately predicted HOCF hospitalization [sensitivity: 94.7%, specificity: 51.0%, area under the curve (AUC): 0.75, P < 0.001] than the Qa/cardiac output ratio (AUC: 0.50, P = 0.955), Qa values ≥ 2000 mL/min (AUC: 0.60, P = 0.181), and Qa values indexed for height in metres (AUC: 0.65, P = 0.040).ConclusionsIn patients with high‐flow AV access, low eSVR values obtained through non‐invasive Doppler echocardiography were associated with a high rate of HOCF hospitalizations. Therefore, routine eSVR screening in these patients might expedite the diagnosis of HOCF.
Hawkes Process: Fast Calibration, Application to Trade Clustering, and Diffusive Limit
Authors: Da Fonseca José , Zaatour Riadh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study provides explicit formulas for the moments and the autocorrelation function of the number of jumps over a given interval for a self‐excited Hawkes process. These computations are possible thanks to the affine property of this process. Using these quantities an implementation of the method of moments for parameter estimation that leads to an fast optimization algorithm is developed. The estimation strategy is applied to trade arrival times for major stocks that show a clustering behavior, a feature the Hawkes process can effectively handle. As the calibration is fast, the estimation is rolled to determine the stability of the estimated parameters. Lastly, the analytical results enable the computation of the diffusive limit in a simple model for the price evolution based on the Hawkes process. It determines the connection between the parameters driving the high‐frequency activity to the daily volatility. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 34:548–579, 2014
Down‐regulation of OIP5‐AS1 inhibits obesity‐induced myocardial pyroptosis and miR‐22/NLRP3 inflammasome axis
Authors: Yue Qingxiong , Liu Yan , Ji Jun , Hu Tao , Lin Tong , Yu Shuang , Li Shijun , Wu Nan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundObesity can induce myocardial pyroptosis, but the exact mechanism is still unknown. A recent study reported the association of opa‐interacting protein 5‐antisense transcript 1 (OIP5‐AS1), an evolutionarily conserved long noncoding RNA, with pyroptosis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of OIP5‐AS1 in obesity‐induced myocardial pyroptosis.MethodsOIP5‐AS1 was downregulated in H9c2 cells, followed by treatment with 400 μM palmitic acid (PA). Propidium iodide (PI) staining, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, caspase‐1 activity assay, IL‐1β, and IL‐18 activity assay were performed to detect pyroptotic phenotype. The interaction between OIP5‐AS1 and microRNAs (miRNAs) was analyzed using RNA pull‐down and luciferase assay. The effect of OIP5‐AS1 knockdown in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced obesity rat on cardiac function, myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, and remodeling was evaluated.ResultsFat deposition was observed in cardiomyocytes 24 h after PA treatment; moreover, PA‐treated cardiomyocytes showed significant increase in the rate of pyroptotic cells, release of LDH, protein expressions of NLRP3 and cleaved caspase‐1, and the activity of caspase‐1, IL‐1β, and IL‐18 as well as OIP5‐AS1 expression. These findings suggested that PA activated pyroptosis and induced OIP5‐AS1 expression in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, OIP5‐AS1 knockdown inhibited PA‐induced pyroptosis. Mechanistically, OIP5‐AS1 was found to specifically bind to miR‐22 and to regulate NLRP3 inflammasome‐mediated pyroptosis via miR‐22. Furthermore, OIP5‐AS1 knockdown ameliorated HFD‐induced cardiac dysfunction, myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, remodeling, and pyroptosis.ConclusionOur results revealed that downregulation of OIP5‐AS1 can inhibit obesity‐induced myocardial pyroptosis via miR‐22/NLRP3 inflammasome axis. This finding lays a foundation of gene therapy for heart disease targeting OIP5‐AS1.
Dual‐board governance and board independence: Conglomerate affiliate versus standalone firms
Authors: Uddin Md Hamid , Najaf Khakan , Hassan M. Kabir , Wahab Nor Shaipah Abdul 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe argue that the corporate board of an exchange‐listed firm cannot make an independent business decision if it has an affiliation with a conglomerate group. This is because the corporate board of a conglomerate‐affiliated firm (CAF) has high moral hazard exposure due to its accountability to the superior parent board at the apex of the conglomerate structure. Based on a sample of 304 listed firms from 18 countries, we find a CAF board is less independent than a standalone board with no superior reporting body. A firm's affiliation with the conglomerate per se affects its board independence, regardless of the parent shareholding level. The additional analysis finds that the lack of board independence significantly impacts a CAF's financial performance, although the market impact is insignificant.