bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple courses of steroid pulse therapy are required in treating acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis patients with a large anhidrotic area: A retrospective study of 28 cases
Authors: Imafuku Keisuke , Yanagi Teruki , Yoshimoto Norihiro , Miyazawa Hajime , Iwata Hiroaki , Ujiie Hideyuki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPatients with acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis (AIGA) demonstrate a sudden loss of sweating function without neurological or endocrine abnormalities. The main treatment is steroid pulse therapy. However, the number of courses required for improvement has been unclear. This study aims to clarify the factors associated with AIGA disease severity and with AIGA patients' responses to steroid pulse therapy. We retrospectively analysed the clinical information of 28 patients with AIGA in our department from the last 10 years. Univariate analysis revealed that patients with a large anhidrotic area need multiple courses of steroid pulse therapy.
Editorial: PPIs and gastric cancer–Are we dealing with a carcinogen?
Authors: Malfertheiner Peter , Schulz Christian , Howden Colin W. 
Published: October 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Gong et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17676 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17741
Editorial:HBsAgseroclearance after pegylated interferon treatment—The beginning of the end. Authors' reply
Authors: Gao Na , Guan Guiwen , Zhao Qiyi , Gao Zhiliang 
Published: October 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Gao et al papers. To view these articles, visithttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17670andhttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17690
Editorial: The role of point‐of‐care echocardiography for assessing cirrhotic cardiomyopathy and predicting clinical outcomes in acute‐on‐chronic liver failure with severe sepsis
Authors: Kimmann Markus , Trebicka Jonel 
Published: October 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Kajal et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17695
Targeting the SPHK1/S1P/S1PR2 axis ameliorates GH‐secreted pituitary adenoma progression
Authors: Sun Heng , Hu Biao , Wu Chunli , Jiang Tiejian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundGrowth hormone‐secreted pituitary adenoma (GHPA) is a prominent subtype of pituitary adenoma (PA) associated with progressive somatic disfigurement, various complications, and elevated mortality rates. Existing treatment options have limited efficacy, highlighting the urgent need for novel pharmacological interventions. Previous studies have revealed that sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1)/sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P)/S1P receptors (S1PRs) signalling have critical roles in the tumour microenvironment, but their role in GHPA remains unclear.MethodsWe performed integrative analyses including bioinformatics analyses, functional studies, and clinical validation to investigate the pathological roles of SPHK1/S1P and evaluated the effectiveness of the S1P receptor 2 (S1PR2) inhibitor JTE‐013 in GHPA treatment.ResultsSPHK1/S1P signalling is abnormally expressed in patients with GHPA. Knockdown of SPHK1 suppresses S1P‐mediated cell proliferation in GH3 Cells. Mechanistically, S1P inhibits apoptosis and autophagy while promoting the secretion of Growth Hormone (GH) by binding to the S1P receptor subtype 2 (S1PR2) in GH3 cells. Moreover, the function of S1PR2 in GH3 cells is mediated by the downstream Akt‐Creb pathway. We then identify the S1PR2 as a novel target for therapeutic intervention in GHPA. Systemic administration of the potent and selective S1PR2 antagonist, JTE‐013, significantly reduces both tumour size and GH secretion. Importantly, we identify preoperative serum S1P levels as a biomarker predicting poor prognosis in GHPA patients at follow‐up.ConclusionOur study shows that blocking SPHK1/S1P/S1PR2 axis can ameliorate the progression of GHPA, providing evidence of a promising therapeutic target for GHPA.
Why do older scholars slow down?
Authors: Hamermesh Daniel S. , Kosnik Lea‐Rachel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUsing data describing all “Top 5” economics journal publications from 1969 to 2018, we examine what determines which authors produce less as they age and which retire earlier. Sub‐field has no impact on the rate of production, but interacts with it to alter retirement probabilities. A positive, tentative, and contemporary writing style increases persistence in publishing. Authors whose previous work was more heavily cited produce slightly more. Those better‐cited with more top‐flight publications retire later than others. Declining publication with age arises mostly from habit—there is a very significant increasing positive autocorrelation of publication across the decades of a career.
Host‐foraging stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans, are preferentially attracted to objects with both visual and thermal host‐like characteristics
Authors: Hung Emmanuel , Lee Nelson , Meyer Eve , Brar Tandeep , Ng Geoffrey , Gries Gerhard 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMany haematophagous insects use the heat emitted by warm‐blooded animals as a cue for locating suitable hosts. Blood‐feeding stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), are known to respond to visual and olfactory host cues. However, the effects of thermal host cues on the foraging behaviour of these flies remain largely unknown. Here we tested the hypothesis that host‐foraging stable flies preferentially land on objects with host‐like temperature, and on objects with both visual and thermal host‐like cues. In laboratory bioassays, stable flies were offered a choice between paired temperature‐controlled copper discs. Flies preferentially landed on the disc with a host‐like temperature (40 °C), discriminating against discs that were cooler (26 or 35 °C) or warmer (50 or 60 °C) than vertebrate hosts. Flies that were well fed and thus not in foraging mode, or host‐foraging flies that were offered infrared radiation but not the conductive and convective heat of different temperature discs, failed to discriminate between the stimuli. In greenhouse experiments, when flies were offered a choice between paired barrels as surrogate hosts, flies preferentially landed on barrels that were both thermally and visually appealing (38–39 °C, black), discriminating against barrels that were cold (10 °C), white, or both cold and white. Thermal cues augmented the overall landing responses of flies but their initial (mid‐range) attraction to barrels was mediated by visual cues. Overall, the data suggest that thermal host cues affect the host‐foraging behaviour of stable flies primarily at close range, prompting landing on a host.
The social status of entrepreneurs: An analysis of informal and formal institutional determinants
Authors: Fuentelsaz Lucio , Maicas Juan P. , Montero Javier 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe social status of entrepreneurs, which measures the degree to which a country admires entrepreneurs and values their social contribution to society, varies significantly across countries. In some economies, such as the United States, entrepreneurs are seen as cultural heroes, whereas in others, particularly in many European countries, their status is less favorable. In this paper, we provide theoretical elaboration and empirical evidence to support the idea that informal institutions, such as uncertainty avoidance and collectivism, play a crucial role in determining social status. Additionally, formal institutions, like market freedom and government size, establish certain boundaries for these relationships. We analyze a sample of 105 countries that participated in the GEM project between 2003 and 2020. Our results indicate that entrepreneurs enjoy a higher social status in societies characterized by low uncertainty avoidance and a more collectivist orientation. Furthermore, these relationships are contingent upon the formal rules and regulations of the country.
Intraperitoneal administration of mouse kisspeptin‐10 to mice during estrus stage induces pseudopregnancy
Authors: Mashiko Daisuke , Tokoro Mikiko , Yao Tatsuma , Yamagata Kazuo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA simple method for producing pseudopregnant mice supports pup production. In this study, pregnant ICR were obtained mice without mating with vasectomized mice via administration of mouse Kisspeptin‐10 (mKp‐10) and transferring blastocysts to the uterus. Blastocyst transfer after mKp‐10 administration to mice with gapping and reddish pink vagina resulted in 65.2% (15/23) pregnancies, and 39.1% (34/87) of the transferred blastocysts showed full‐term growth. Vaginal smears were observed for accurate estrus cycle determination, and subsequent administration of mKp10 to mice during the estrus stage and blastocyst transfer resulted in 95.2% (20/21) pregnancies and 50.7% (104/205) birth rates. Regarding 2‐cell transfer after administration of mKp‐10, 100% (8/8) of the mice became pregnant, and 45.0% (36/80) of the embryos were born. Administration of mKp‐10 to mice during the estrus stage is a convenient way to generate pseudopregnant mice.
Associations between GoSmart Channel, health literacy and health behaviours in adolescents: A population‐based study
Authors: Huang Junjie , Chan Sze Chai , Keung Vera M. W. , Cheung Calvin K. M. , Lo Amelia S. C. , Lau Vincent T. C. , Mui Lancelot W. H. , Lee Albert , Wong Martin C. S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundHealth literacy is essential in the promotion of healthy lifestyle habits and chronic disease prevention.ObjectiveTo assess the health literacy level among Hong Kong adolescents; to evaluate the association between access of an online health information platform (GoSmart Channel) and health literacy level; and to examine the association between health literacy level and various unhealthy behaviours.DesignThis study recruited students from 10 local secondary schools in Hong Kong to assess the health literacy level among adolescents.Settings and ParticipantsParticipants were required to complete a self‐administered questionnaire on health behaviours and health literacy using the Health Literacy Measure for Adolescents (HELMA).Main Outcome MeasureData were analysed using descriptive statistics and multivariate regression modelling.ResultsA total of 777 responses were collected. Overall, most (74.4%) of the adolescents in Hong Kong have limited health literacy (HELMA score <66). The majority (63.7%) of adolescents relied on their parents for health information, while 11.4% of the respondents sought information from the GoSmart Channel. The intervention of GoSmart Channel was significantly associated with better health literacy in almost all aspects among adolescents. Desired levels of health literacy were significantly associated with better perceived health (adjusted odds ratio: 2.04, p = .001) and negatively associated with a range of unhealthy and risky behaviours including unhealthy dietary habits, poor hygienic measures and physical inactivity.Discussion and ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of improving health literacy among Hong Kong adolescents and the potential of technology‐based interventions. The findings suggest the need for continued efforts to promote health literacy and healthy behaviours among adolescents, especially given the limited health literacy levels observed in the study.Patient or Public ContributionMembers of the GoSmart.Net Built‐on Project patient and public involvement and engagement group advised about survey development.
Solitary Neurilemmoma of the Face
Authors: Thappa Devinder Mohan , Garg Bhagat Ram , Venkateswaran Sri , Ratnakar Chaganti 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA fourteen‐year‐old male with solitary neurilemmoma over his left cheek is described. Clinically, it was mistaken for molluscum contagiosum. The case is reported for its rarity and unique features.
Acute Form of Pyoderma Gangrenosum Induced by Traumatic Injury
Authors: Kitagawa Nobuko , Ikeda Mitsunori , Kodama Hajime 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA 45‐year‐old man with the acute form of pyoderma gangrenosum is reported. He developed characteristic ulcers that rapidly followed violaceous erythema at sites of traumatic injury. The skin lesions repeatedly appeared six times within 7 years. Each time, the skin lesions were localized to sites of trauma, and no systemic symptoms nor abnormal laboratory findings were associated. Histological findings were acute superficial inflammation with neutrophilic infiltration into the dermis. Sweet's syndrome‐like skin lesions were once associated, indicating that pyoderma gangrenosum and Sweet's syndrome have a close relationship. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, potassium iodide, and minocycline were not effective. He was successfully treated with oral administration of corticosteroid. The pathergy of this patient must have been caused not only by the trauma itself but by additional factors such as epidermal components or contaminating micro‐organisms, since traumatic injury did not always cause the skin lesions.
Lower contact force predicts right pulmonary vein carina breakthrough after ablation index‐guided pulmonary vein isolation using high‐power short‐duration
Authors: Chen Wei‐Tso , Chung Fa‐Po , Lin Yenn‐Jiang , Chang Shih‐Lin , Lo Li‐Wei , Hu Yu‐Feng , Tuan Ta‐Chuan , Chao Tze‐Fan , Liao Jo‐Nan , Lin Chin‐Yu , Chang Ting‐Yung , Kuo Ling , Wu Cheng‐I , Liu Chih‐Min , Liu Shin‐Huei , Hsieh Yu‐Cheng , Li Cheng‐Hung , Chen Shih‐Ann 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionCarina breakthrough (CB) at the right pulmonary vein (RPV) can occur after circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) due to epicardial bridging or transient tissue edema. High‐power short‐duration (HPSD) ablation may increase the incidence of RPV CB. Currently, the surrogate of ablation parameters to predict RPV CB is not well established. This study investigated predictors of RPV CB in patients undergoing ablation index (AI)‐guided PVI with HPSD.MethodsThe study included 62 patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF) who underwent AI‐guided PVI using HPSD. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the presence or absence of RPV CB. Lesions adjacent to the RPV carina were assessed, and CB was confirmed through residual voltage, low voltage along the ablation lesions, and activation wavefront propagation.ResultsOut of the 62 patients, 21 (33.87%) experienced RPV CB (Group 1), while 41 (66.13%) achieved first‐pass RPV isolation (Group 2). Despite similar AI and HPSD, patients with RPV CB had lower contact force (CF) at lesions adjacent to the RPV carina. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis identified CF < 10.5 g as a predictor of RPV CB, with 75.7% sensitivity and 56.2% specificity (area under the curve: 0.714).ConclusionIn patients undergoing AI‐guided PVI with HPSD, lower CF adjacent to the carina was associated with a higher risk of RPV CB. These findings suggest that maintaining higher CF during ablation in this region may reduce the occurrence of RPV CB.
Cardiac resynchronization using fusion pacing during exercise
Authors: Green Peregrine G. , Monteiro Cristiana , Holdsworth David A. , Betts Timothy R. , Herring Neil 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionFusion pacing requires correct timing of left ventricular pacing to right ventricular activation, although it is unclear whether this is maintained when atrioventricular (AV) conduction changes during exercise. We used cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) to compare cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) using fusion pacing or fixed AV delays (AVD).MethodsPatients 6 months post‐CRT implant with PR intervals < 250 ms performed two CPET tests, using either the SyncAV™ algorithm or fixed AVD of 120 ms in a double‐blinded, randomized, crossover study. All other programming was optimized to produce the narrowest QRS duration (QRSd) possible.ResultsTwenty patients (11 male, age 71 [65–77] years) were recruited. Fixed AVD and fusion programming resulted in similar narrowing of QRSd from intrinsic rhythm at rest (p = .85). Overall, there was no difference in peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2PEAK, p = .19), oxygen consumption at anaerobic threshold (VT1, p = .42), or in the time to reach either V̇O2PEAK (p = .81) or VT1 (p = .39). The BORG rating of perceived exertion was similar between groups. CPET performance was also analyzed comparing whichever programming gave the narrowest QRSd at rest (119 [96–136] vs. 134 [119–142] ms, p < .01). QRSd during exercise (p = .03), peak O2 pulse (mL/beat, a surrogate of stroke volume, p = .03), and cardiac efficiency (watts/mL/kg/min, p = .04) were significantly improved.ConclusionFusion pacing is maintained during exercise without impairing exercise capacity compared with fixed AVD. However, using whichever algorithm gives the narrowest QRSd at rest is associated with a narrower QRSd during exercise, higher peak stroke volume, and improved cardiac efficiency.
The vesiculated layer in the anomalous diogenite Northwest Africa 12973
Authors: Pittarello Lidia , Ferrière Ludovic , Chernonozhkin Stepan M. , Vanhaecke Frank , Goderis Steven 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDiogenites, which are part of the howardite–eucrite–diogenite (HED) group, are considered to represent rocks from the lower crust and mantle of a differentiated planetary body, likely the asteroid 4 Vesta. The Northwest Africa 12973 (NWA 12973) meteorite was classified as an anomalous diogenite due to the occurrence of a vesiculated layer. This work reports on the petrographic and geochemical study of two fragments of this meteorite, aiming to better constrain the origin of the vesiculated layer. Whereas the interior of NWA 12973 (here called host) presents the typical characteristics of an olivine diogenite, that is, coarse‐grained pyroxene, olivine ribbons, chromite, and accessory phases, the vesiculated layer presents a fine‐grained pyroxene groundmass with local rounded relics of olivine and interstitial chromite and metal, and is characterized by abundant large vesicles. The contact between the vesiculated layer and the host is sharply defined. The composition of individual minerals does not show any significant differences between the host and the vesiculated layer, suggesting in situ melting. Geothermobarometry indicates a slightly higher crystallization temperature at lower pressure for the vesiculated layer, consistent with melting and crystallization under lower crustal conditions upon exhumation. The trigger for the local melting was likely a large impact event, which was responsible for adiabatic decompression in the central area or deep faulting and frictional melting.
A randomized double‐blind trial of clonidine and colesevelam for women with fecal incontinence
Authors: Varma Revati , Feuerhak Kelly J. , Mishra Rahul , Chakraborty Subhankar , Oblizajek Nicholas R. , Bailey Kent R. , Bharucha Adil E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiarrhea and rectal urgency are risk factors for fecal incontinence (FI). The effectiveness of bowel modifiers for improving FI is unclear.MethodsIn this double‐blind, parallel‐group, randomized trial, women with urge FI were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to a combination of oral clonidine (0.1 mg twice daily) with colesevelam (1875 mg twice daily) or two inert tablets for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was a ≥50% decrease in number of weekly FI episodes.Key ResultsFifty‐six participants were randomly assigned to clonidine–colesevelam (n = 24) or placebo (n = 32); 51 (91%) completed 4 weeks of treatment. At baseline, participants had a mean (SD) of 7.5 (8.2) FI episodes weekly. The primary outcome was met for 13 of 24 participants (54%) treated with clonidine–colesevelam versus 17 of 32 (53%) treated with placebo (p = 0.85). The Bristol stool form score decreased significantly, reflecting more formed stools with clonidine–colesevelam treatment (mean [SD], 4.5 [1.5] to 3.2 [1.5]; p = 0.02) but not with placebo (4.2 [1.9] to 4.1 [1.9]; p = 0.47). The proportion of FI episodes for semiformed stools decreased significantly from a mean (SD) of 76% (8%) to 61% (10%) in the clonidine–colesevelam group (p = 0.007) but not the placebo group (61% [8%] to 67% [8%]; p = 0.76). However, these treatment effects did not differ significantly between groups. Overall, clonidine–colesevelam was well tolerated.Conclusions and InferencesCompared with placebo, clonidine–colesevelam did not significantly improve FI despite being associated with more formed stools and fewer FI episodes for semiformed stools.
Visual performance of new affordable and auto‐adherent lenses for presbyopia correction
Authors: Garcia‐Porta Nery , Gómez‐Varela Ana I. , Arines‐Piferrer Justo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPresbyopia is a visual condition that affects all of us, evolving with time, reducing the range of accommodation and the ability to work at near. Reading glasses, bifocals or multifocal lenses are the most common solutions. In this work, we demonstrate the near visual performance of new elastomeric auto‐adherent lenses developed for the correction of presbyopia. Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were measured in 10 presbyopic subjects. The results showed that wearing either conventional trial ophthalmic lenses or the new elastomeric lenses provided similar visual quality. These elastomeric lenses can be placed in, or removed from the distance‐vision spectacles of the wearers, providing an affordable solution for correcting presbyopia at its clinical onset, which might be especially useful in subjects with different refractive error in each eye and for those with astigmatism.
Influence of the coincubation of post‐thawed bull semen with elevated β‐hydroxybutyrate concentrations on sperm characteristics
Authors: Abdelli A. , Raboisson D. , Besbaci M. , Belabdi I. , Kalem A. , Kaidi R. , Johannisson A. , Morrell J. M. , Iguer‐Ouada M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, the relationships between post‐thaw bull sperm characteristics and hyperketonemic conditions after coincubation with cow plasma or media were determined to investigate if such a condition could affect bull sperm characteristics. Two experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, blood samples were collected from 31 cows to prepare plasma. Cows were independently categorized into two groups according to plasma β‐hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentrations (above or below 1.2 mM). Thawed bull semen was diluted and incubated with diluted plasma; motility parameters were evaluated using Computer Assisted Semen Analysis (CASA). In experiment 2, a pooled sample of thawed semen was diluted and divided into three aliquots: without BHB (control) and treated with either 1.2 mM (1.2) or 3 mM (3) BHB. In addition to motility, flow cytometric analyses were carried out. In experiment 1, the overall motility decreased significantly in plasma containing high (≥1.2 mM) BHB compared to plasma containing low (<1.2 mM) BHB. In experiment 2, the overall motility tended to be lower in BHB (3 mM)‐supplemented samples. The supplementation of 3 mM BHB increased the proportion of live superoxide‐positive sperm and sperm with high mitochondrial potential, while the DNA fragmentation index decreased.
Qualitative research at the crossroads of open science and big data: Ethical considerations
Authors: Stegenga Sondra M. , Steltenpohl Crystal N. , Lustick Hilary , Meyer Melanie S. , Renbarger Rachel , Standiford Reyes Laurel , Lee Lindsay Ellis 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOpen science practices are quickly being scaled up with publishers, grant‐makers, and Institutional Review Boards implementing new open policies, including requirements for increased data sharing across all types of research. Prior open science guidelines have focused mostly on issues relevant to quantitative, lab‐based, experimental research. Qualitative and other research traditions must be considered in the further development and implementation of these guidelines to ensure ethical practices in a new era where data is plentiful and being leveraged for research and other means. This article includes a discussion of why we must consider new research ethics in this era of big data and what steps can be taken to improve research practices through a systems change framework, The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.