bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of micronutrient deficiency among children aged 6–23 months in Ethiopia: a machine learning approach
Authors: Gebeye Leykun Getaneh , Dessie Eskezeia Yihunie , Yimam Jemal Ayalew 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionMicronutrient (MN) deficiencies are a major public health problem in developing countries including Ethiopia, leading to childhood morbidity and mortality. Effective implementation of programs aimed at reducing MN deficiencies requires an understanding of the important drivers of suboptimal MN intake. Therefore, this study aimed to identify important predictors of MN deficiency among children aged 6–23 months in Ethiopia using machine learning algorithms.MethodsThis study employed data from the 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey (2019 EMDHS) and included a sample of 1,455 children aged 6–23 months for analysis. Machine Learning (ML) methods including, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Neural Network (NN), and Naïve Bayes (NB) were used to prioritize risk factors for MN deficiency prediction. Performance metrics including accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUROC) curves were used to evaluate model prediction performance.ResultsThe prediction performance of the RF model was the best performing ML model in predicting child MN deficiency, with an AUROC of 80.01% and accuracy of 72.41% in the test data. The RF algorithm identified the eastern region of Ethiopia, poorest wealth index, no maternal education, lack of media exposure, home delivery, and younger child age as the top prioritized risk factors in their order of importance for MN deficiency prediction.ConclusionThe RF algorithm outperformed other ML algorithms in predicting child MN deficiency in Ethiopia. Based on the findings of this study, improving women’s education, increasing exposure to mass media, introducing MN-rich foods in early childhood, enhancing access to health services, and targeted intervention in the eastern region are strongly recommended to significantly reduce child MN deficiency.
Usual dietary intake and change in DNA methylation over years: EWAS in KORA FF4 and KORA fit
Authors: Hellbach Fabian , Freuer Dennis , Meisinger Christa , Peters Annette , Winkelmann Juliane , Costeira Ricardo , Hauner Hans , Baumeister Sebastian-Edgar , Bell Jordana T. , Waldenberger Melanie , Linseisen Jakob 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionChanges in DNA methylation can increase or suppress the expression of health-relevant genes. We investigated for the first time the relationship between habitual food consumption and changes in DNA methylation.MethodsThe German KORA FF4 and KORA Fit studies were used to study the change in methylation over a median follow-up of 4 years. Only subjects participating in both surveys and with available dietary and methylation data were included in the analysis (n = 465). DNA methylation was measured using the Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip (Illumina), resulting in 735,527 shared CpGs across both studies. Generalized estimating equation models with an interaction term of exposure and time point were used to analyze the association of 34 food groups, folic acid, and two dietary patterns with changes in DNA methylation over time.ResultsThe results were corrected for genomic inflation. Significant interaction terms indicate different effects between both time points. We observed only a few significant associations between food intake and change in DNA methylation, except for cream and spirit consumption. The annotated genes include CLN3, PROM1, DLEU7, TLL2, and UGT1A10.DiscussionWe identified weak associations between food consumption and DNA methylation change. The differential results for cream and spirits, both consumed in low quantities, require replication in independent studies.
Physiological and transcriptomic analysis dissects the molecular mechanism governing meat quality during postmortem aging in Hu sheep (Ovis aries)
Authors: Li Huan , Feng Yan-Hui , Xia Chao , Chen Yu , Lu Xin-Yi , Wei Yue , Qian Le-Le , Zhu Meng-Yao , Gao Guo-Yv , Meng Ya-Fei , You Yv-Le , Tian Qi , Liang Kun-Qi , Li Yun-Tao , Lv Chao-Tian , Rui Xiang-Yun , Wei Ming-Yue , Zhang Bin 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionHu sheep, known for its high quality and productivity, lack fundamental scientific research in China.MethodsThis study focused on the effects of 24 h postmortem aging on the meat physiological and transcriptomic alteration in Hu sheep.ResultsThe results showed that the 24 h aging process exerts a substantial influence on the mutton color, texture, and water content as compared to untreated group. Transcriptomic analysis identified 1,668 differentially expressed genes. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted the importance of glycolysis metabolism, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, and the FcγR-mediated phagocytosis pathway in mediating meat quality modification following postmortem aging. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction analysis uncovered complex regulatory networks involving glycolysis, the MAPK signaling pathway, protein metabolism, and the immune response.DiscussionCollectively, these findings offer valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying meat quality changes during postmortem aging in Hu sheep, emphasizing the potential for improving quality control strategies in mutton production.
First-line monodrug chemotherapy in low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Fang , Kemin Li 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveThe efficacy of the first-line monodrug chemotherapy has been generally established for low-risk GTN. Most patients can achieve a complete response after the first-line monodrug chemotherapy. However, which monodrug chemotherapy regimen is better for individual patients with GTN is not yet certain. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of first-line monodrug chemotherapy in low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN).MethodDatabases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, were searched from inception to November 1, 2022, for case–control studies on first-line monodrug chemotherapy in GTN. Network meta-analysis was performed to compare the efficacy outcome of six monodrug chemotherapy regimens in GTN, with a complete response rate as the endpoint.ResultTwenty-four studies were considered eligible, including 9 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 15 non-RCTs. A total of 3344 patients with low-risk GTN were involved. Six monodrug chemotherapy regimens were included and analyzed. In descending order of efficacy, these six regimens were VP-16 (5 days), ACT-D (5 days), MTX (5 days), ACT-D (1.25 mg/m2), MTX (8 days), and MTX (30–50 mg/m2) in all study, and five regimens were ACT-D (5 days), MTX (5 days), ACT-D (1.25 mg/m2), MTX (8 days), and MTX (30–50 mg/m2) in RCT.ConclusionAmong the six first-line monodrug chemotherapy regimens for low-risk GTN in all study, VP-16 (5 days) was the best in terms of efficacy. And five regimens in RCT, ACT-D was the best. However, the finding needs to be validated through more high-quality clinical studies.
Systemic lupus erythematosus complicated with Fanconi syndrome: a case report and literature review
Authors: Lou Lili , Guo Hui , Shao Meiying 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease with diverse clinical manifestations. The symptoms of SLE in children are more atypical than adults. Childhood SLE complicated with Fanconi syndrome is extremely rare and even more difficult to diagnose.Case presentationThis article reports a preschool boy with SLE who presented with renal tubular acidosis, accompanied by weakness in both lower limbs, delayed growth, and malnutrition. It was later found that the patient had the complication of Fanconi syndrome with renal tubular acidosis. Ultimately, renal biopsy confirmed lupus nephritis. The patient was treated with corticosteroid combined with mycophenolate mofetil, hydroxychloroquine, and belimumab. The symptoms of the child were relieved.ConclusionHere we report an extremely rare case of childhood SLE complicated with Fanconi syndrome. There has been no similar clinical report. It is necessary to be alert to the possibility of atypical SLE in children to avoid missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.
Incorporating anti-infective drugs into peripherally inserted catheters does not reduce infection rates in neonates
Authors: Koppitz Julia , Ascherl Rudolf Georg , Thome Ulrich Herbert , Pulzer Ferdinand 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThis study assesses whether peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICC), impregnated with anti-infective drugs, reduce the rate of infections in neonates compared with unimpregnated catheters.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on electronic patient records of neonates born between August 2014 and May 2020, who had PICCs inserted, either standard (S-PICC) or with anti-infective drugs (A-PICC). Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) were diagnosed based on clinical symptoms, laboratory results, and mentioning of infection in the patient record. Data on dwell time, mechanical ventilation, insertion site, maximum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, and anti-infective drug use were analyzed.ResultsA total of 223 PICCs were included. The infection rates were A-PICC (18.9%) and S-PICC (12.5%), which were not significantly different (p = 0.257). A-PICCs had significantly longer dwell times than S-PICCs (median 372 vs. 219 h, p = 0.004). The time to infection was not different between the groups (p = 0.3). There were also no significant differences in maximum CRP, insertion site abnormalities, or anti-infective drug use between the groups.ConclusionThis retrospective study did not find a significant reduction in infection rates by using PICCs containing anti-infective drugs in neonates. Current antibiotic impregnations do not seem to be effective in preventing blood stream infections.
Comparative efficacy of different Chinese patent medicines in preventing restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Fan Jiasai , Li Tianli , Pu Fenglan , Guo Nan , Wang Jing , Gao Yuqian , Zhao Hongbing , Wang Xian , Zhu Haiyan 
Published: January 2024

Background: Chinese patent medicines (CMPs) have curative effectiveness in preventing coronary restenosis. However, the relative efficacy between different CPMs has not been sufficiently investigated.Methods: Randomized clinical trials were searched from electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, VIP, WanFang, SinoMed, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed to analyze CPMs’ efficacy in preventing angiographic restenosis, recurrence angina, acute myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization after percutaneous coronary intervention.Results: This network meta-analysis included 47 trials with 5,077 patients evaluating 11 interventions. Regarding angiographic restenosis, the efficacy of CPMs (except Xuezhikang capsule) combined with standard treatment (Std) was superior to Std alone, and Guanxin Shutong capsule plus Std reduced the risk of angiographic restenosis by 76% (relative risk 0.24, 95% confidence interval 0.11–0.45, and very low to moderate certainty of evidence), most likely the best intervention. Fufang Danshen dripping pill combined with Std showed superiority over other interventions for relieving recurrence angina, which can reduce the risk by 83% (RR 0.17, 95% CI 0.04–0.51, very low to moderate certainty of evidence) compared to Std alone. In acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention, compared with Std alone, Danhong injection plus Std displayed a significant effect (RR 0.11, 95% CI 0.00–0.69, very low to moderate certainty of evidence) and was the best treatment probably. Chuanxiongqin tablet plus Std was the most effective treatment for reducing target lesion revascularization by 90% (RR 0.10, 95% CI 0.00–0.60, very low to moderate certainty of evidence) compared with Std alone.Conclusion: The results indicated that CPMs combined with Std reduced the risk of coronary restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously due to significant data limitations.
Efficacy and safety of Abelmoschus manihot capsule combined with ACEI/ARB on diabetic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta analysis
Authors: Tan Ying , Zhang Ziqi , Zhou Peipei , Zhang Qiling , Li Nan , Yan Qianhua , Huang Liji , Yu Jiangyi 
Published: January 2024

Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most serious microvascular complications of diabetes, with the incidence rate increasing yearly, which is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease. Abelmoschus Manihot capsule, as a proprietary Chinese patent medicine, is widely used for treating CKD in China. Currently, the combination of Abelmoschus Manihot (AM) capsule and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor (RASI) has gained popularity as a treatment option for DKD, with more and more randomized control trials (RCTs) in progress. However, the high-quality clinical evidence supporting its application in DKD is still insufficient.Aim of the study: To comprehensively and systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of AM capsule combined with RASI in the treatment of DKD.Materials and methods: English and Chinese databases such as Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, SinoMed, WF, and VIP were searched to collect the RCTs of AM capsule in treatment of DKD. Then Two investigators independently reviewed and extracted data from the RCTs which met the inclusion criteria. The quality of the data was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool, and meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.Results: 32 RCTs with a total of 2,881 DKD patients (1,442 in the treatment group and 1,439 in the control group) were included. The study results showed that AM capsule combined with RASI could be more effective in decreasing 24h-UTP [MD = −442.05, 95% CI (−609.72, −274.38), p &lt; 0.00001], UAER [MD = −30.53, 95% CI (−39.10, −21.96), p &lt; 0.00001], UACR [MD = −157.93, 95% CI (−288.60, −27.25), p &lt; 0.00001], Scr [MD = −6.80, 95% CI (−9.85, −3.74), p &lt; 0.0001], and BUN [MD = −0.59, 95% CI (−1.07, −0.12), p = 0.01], compared to using RASI alone. According to the subgroup analyses, the combination of AM and ARB seems to be more effective in reducing UAER than the combination of ACEI, and the addition of AM may achieve a more significant clinical effect on decreasing Scr for DKD patients with 24h-UTP&gt;2 g or Scr&gt;110–133 μmol/L and &gt;133 μmol/L. Furthermore, no additional adverse reactions were observed in the combination group [OR = 1.06; 95%CI: (0.66, 1.69), p = 0.82].Conclusion: Combining AM with RASI may be a superior strategy for DKD treatment compared to RASI monotherapy. However, due to significant heterogeneity, the results should be interpreted with great caution, and more high-quality RCTs with multi-centers, different stages of DKD, large sample sizes, and long follow-up periods are still needed to improve the evidence quality of AM for DKD in the future.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#recordDetails; Identifier CRD42022351422
Carnosol ameliorated cancer cachexia-associated myotube atrophy by targeting P5CS and its downstream pathways
Authors: Fang Qiao-Yu , Wang Yue-Ping , Zhang Rui-Qin , Fan Meng , Feng Li-Xing , Guo Xiao-Dong , Cheng Chun-Ru , Zhang Xiong-Wen , Liu Xuan 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Carnosol exhibited ameliorating effects on muscle atrophy of mice developed cancer cachexia in our previous research.Method: Here, the ameliorating effects of carnosol on the C2C12 myotube atrophy result from simulated cancer cachexia injury, the conditioned medium of the C26 tumor cells or the LLC tumor cells, were observed. To clarify the mechanisms of carnosol, the possible direct target proteins of carnosol were searched using DARTS (drug affinity responsive target stability) assay and then confirmed using CETSA (cellular thermal shift assay). Furthermore, proteomic analysis was used to search its possible indirect target proteins by comparing the protein expression profiles of C2C12 myotubes under treatment of C26 medium, with or without the presence of carnosol. The signal network between the direct and indirect target proteins of carnosol was then constructed.Results: Our results showed that, Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase (P5CS) might be the direct target protein of carnosol in myotubes. The influence of carnosol on amino acid metabolism downstream of P5CS was confirmed. Carnosol could upregulate the expression of proteins related to glutathione metabolism, anti-oxidant system, and heat shock response. Knockdown of P5CS could also ameliorate myotube atrophy and further enhance the ameliorating effects of carnosol.Discussion: These results suggested that carnosol might ameliorate cancer cachexia-associated myotube atrophy by targeting P5CS and its downstream pathways.
Pioglitazone in spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage: study protocol of a multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial (PSSH)
Authors: Chen Junhui , Li Mingchang , Chen Lei , Xu Qinyi , Yan Tengfeng , Zhang Chunlei , Hu Ping , He Jianqing , Zhu Xun , Zhu Xingen , Wang Yuhai 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), is a disorder that may be fatal and is primarily caused by a ruptured brain aneurysm. Despite significant leaps forward in the methods to produce aneurysms, the long-term outcomes did not much improve. Pioglitazone is a medication that has been authorized by the FDA as an agonist for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ). Pioglitazone or PPARγ has neuroprotective benefits in animal experiments both during and after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and SAH. Nevertheless, the treatment impact of Pioglitazone on humans is still unknown at this time. As a result, we will conduct a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to explore the impact of pioglitazone on SAH.Methods/Design: This trial will recruit 400 patients with SAH from four Chinese hospitals. These patients will be equally and randomly assigned to Pioglitazone and placebo control groups for up to 30 days. Scores on the modified Rankin scale (mRS) are the primary outcomes. The secondary outcomes are a 30-day all-cause mortality rate, 6 months of Montreal cognitive assessment (Mo-CA), delayed cerebral ischemia, the requirement for intensive care, the incidence of sepsis, etc. All serious adverse events (SAEs) were recorded during the hospital. Every primary and safety analysis was conducted based on the intention-to-treat technique. The participants were given either a matching placebo or 15 mg of pioglitazone, with dose titrated to a target of 45 mg daily. Data on the therapeutic use of pioglitazone after SAH will be provided as a consequence of the findings of this experiment. In addition, this pilot trial is the first to prospectively investigate the effectiveness and safety of pioglitazone in patients with SAH.Ethics and dissemination: Ethics approval was obtained from the Medical Ethics Committee of 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA (Wuxi Taihu Hospital, approval No. 20220701). The findings of the trial will be presented at conferences, discussed in relevant patient groups, and published in peer-reviewed journals.Clinical Trial Registration:clinicaltrials.gov, identifier ChiCTR2200062954.
Effects of benidipine, paracetamol, and their combination on postoperative and normal tissue pain thresholds
Authors: Bedir Zehra , Ozkaloglu Erdem Kezban Tuna , Doymus Omer , Suleyman Halis , Yavuzer Bulent , Cicek Betul , Altuner Durdu , Mammadov Renad , Yilmaz Mehmet , Coban Taha Abdulkadir , Suleyman Bahadir , Bulut Seval 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: In clinical practice, inadequate pain inhibition leads to increased morbidity and mortality. Increased intracellular calcium, oxidants, and proinflammatory cytokines are known to play a role in the pathogenesis of postoperative pain. Therefore, we investigated the analgesic effects of benidipine, paracetamol, and benidipine-paracetamol combination (BPC) on postoperative and normal pain thresholds in rats.Material and methods: Sixty-four male albino Wistar rats weighing 285–295 g were used. The without-incision rats were divided into 4 subgroups: healthy control, benidipine alone, paracetamol alone, and BPC. The scalpel-incision rats were divided into 4 subgroups: scalpel incision, scalpel incision + benidipine, scalpel incision + paracetamol, and scalpel incision + BPC. Paw pain thresholds of rats were measured using a Basile algesimeter. Biochemical analyses were performed on the paw tissues of 6 rats randomly taken from the experimental groups, each containing 8 rats. Rats were sacrificed immediately after the measurements. After the pain threshold tests were finished, the paw tissues were removed and malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (tGSH), cyclooxygenase (COX), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were measured.Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in paw pain threshold and measured biochemical parameters in rats without incision. The decrease in the pain threshold of the incised paw was also best prevented by BPC, followed by benidipine and then paracetamol. Furthermore, increases in scalpel-incised paw tissue MDA, COX-2, and IL-6 levels and the decrease in tGSH were significantly suppressed by benidipine and BPC, while paracetamol could only significantly inhibit the increase in IL-6 production.Conclusion: The combination of the L-type Ca2+ channel blocker benidipine and paracetamol (BPC) may provide potent analgesia. Our experimental results support that BPC may be useful in the treatment of severe pain that cannot be adequately inhibited by paracetamol.