bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Valorization of sorghum ash with digestate and biopreparations in the development biomass of plants in a closed production system of energy
Authors: Romanowska-Duda Zdzisława , Janas Regina , Grzesik Mieczysław , van Duijn Bert 
Published: October 2023

AbstractReplacing chemical fertilizers with non-toxic waste that meet all fertilizing purposes, including ash from plant biomass and their management is becoming the important goal of sustainable agriculture concerning energy plants production in a closed system. This study aims to explore a novel strategy for utilizing natural sorghum ash together with digestate and ecological compounds, to replace synthetic fertilizers, for the energy plant development improvement and thus reduction of the environment pollution. Sorghum, as an energy plant, cultivated in low quality sandy and podzolic soils, in Central and North Poland climate, was fertilized with different doses of YaraMila Complex, a synthetic fertilizer (0, 150, 300 kg ha−1 Each dose was supplemented with different amounts of sorghum ash (0.5, 1, 2 and 4 t ha−1), used alone or with addition of APOL-HUMUS (soil improver; 10 L ha−1), biogas plant digestate (30 m3 ha−1) and Stymjod (nano-organic leaf fertilizer; 5 L ha−1). Added to each YaraMila Complex dose, the applied ash amounts (optimally 2–4 t ha−1), increased growth of plants, crop biomass, index of chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, content of intercellular CO2, activity of acid and alkaline phosphatase, RNase and dehydrogenase and energy properties. Sorghum ash used with the lesser YaraMila Complex doses of 0 or 150 kg ha−1 caused the enhanced growth of plants more than the doubled YaraMila Complex amounts applied alone (150 or 300 kg ha−1, correspondingly). Additionally, applied biogas plant digestate, APOL-HUMUS and Stymjod further increased the plant growth. This indicates that the application of natural sorghum ash accelerates energy plant development, can reduce by half the recommended synthetic fertilizer doses on poor and marginal soil and enables the cultivation of sorghum in a closed production cycle.
A multi-objective optimization design approach of large mining planetary gear reducer
Authors: Xin Wen , Zhang Yanyan , Fu Yang , Yang Wei , Zheng Huanping 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA two-stage computational framework is proposed to optimize the radiated noise and weight of a large mining planetary gear reducer under the rated conditions, based on a combination of response surface methodology and multi-objective optimization. The well-established transient dynamic analysis model of a large mining planetary gear reducer, which is used to analyze the mechanical strength and acoustic characteristics of the gear reducer. A unified experimental design is developed to obtain the response surface of the gearbox radiated noise and the mass of the gearbox housing. After obtaining the multi-objective optimization function, the multi-objective optimization problem for a lightweight and low-noise gearbox is performed using non-dominated sorting from the Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). The research results demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed optimization method in reducing vibrating amplitude and weight of the gearbox. This is crucial for minimizing energy consumption and enhancing the overall performance of the system. Additionally, the optimized gearbox design not only saves energy but also contributes to the reduction of carbon emissions, making it environmentally friendly.
Risk and protective factors for health behaviour in adolescence in Europe
Authors: Zsakai Annamaria , Ratz-Sulyok Fanny Zselyke , Koronczai Beatrix , Varro Petra , Toth Erika , Szarvas Szilvia , Tauber Tamas , Karkus Zsolt , Molnar Kinga 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the analysis was to identify the risk and protective factors for health behaviour in European adolescents from population health status and expenditure, mental health status, sexual life, social life and education indices and the existence of national strategies, programmes. National and international databases providing information on the presumed health behaviour predictors were used in the analysis. The existence of national health strategies, the level of health expenditure, the socioeconomic conditions, the level of education and literacy had significant influence on the health-risk behaviour of adolescents in the European societies. Six clusters of European countries were extracted by considering the health behaviour risks and health protection strategies. National health strategies combined with governmental support for health prevention and action plans have the most effective impact on the health-risk behaviour of adolescents.
Early diagnosis of aortic calcification through dental X-ray examination for dental pulp stones
Authors: Ishikawa Misao , Kanzaki Hiroyuki , Kodera Ryo , Sekimizu Takehiro , Wada Satoshi , Tohyama Syunnosuke , Ida Tomomi , Shimoyama Miho , Manase Shugo , Tomonari Hiroshi , Kuroda Noriyuki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractVascular calcification, an ectopic calcification exacerbated by aging and renal dysfunction, is closely associated with cardiovascular disease. However, early detection indicators are limited. This study focused on dental pulp stones, ectopic calcifications found in oral tissues that are easily identifiable on dental radiographs. Our investigation explored the frequency and timing of these calcifications in different locations and their relationship to aortic calcification. In cadavers, we examined the association between the frequency of dental pulp stones and aortic calcification, revealing a significant association. Notably, dental pulp stones appeared prior to aortic calcification. Using a rat model of hyperphosphatemia, we confirmed that dental pulp stones formed earlier than calcification in the aortic arch. Interestingly, there were very few instances of aortic calcification without dental pulp stones. Additionally, we conducted cell culture experiments with vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and dental pulp cells (DPCs) to explore the regulatory mechanism underlying high phosphate-mediated calcification. We found that DPCs produced calcification deposits more rapidly and exhibited a stronger augmentation of osteoblast differentiation markers compared with SMCs. In conclusion, the observation of dental pulp stones through X-ray examination during dental checkups could be a valuable method for early diagnosis of aortic calcification risk.
Identification of urinary volatile organic compounds as a potential non-invasive biomarker for esophageal cancer
Authors: Liu Qi , Li Shuhai , Li Yaping , Yu Longchen , Zhao Yuxiao , Wu Zhihong , Fan Yingjing , Li Xinyang , Wang Yifeng , Zhang Xin , Zhang Yi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEarly diagnosis of esophageal cancer (EC) is extremely challenging. The study presented herein aimed to assess whether urinary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) may be emerging diagnostic biomarkers for EC. Urine samples were collected from EC patients and healthy controls (HCs). Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) was next utilised for volatile organic compound detection and predictive models were constructed using machine learning algorithms. ROC curve analysis indicated that an 8-VOCs based machine learning model could aid the diagnosis of EC, with the Random Forests having a maximum AUC of 0.874 and sensitivities and specificities of 84.2% and 90.6%, respectively. Urine VOC analysis aids in the diagnosis of EC.
Meta-analysis identifies native priority as a mechanism that supports the restoration of invasion-resistant plant communities
Authors: Halassy Melinda , Batáry Péter , Csecserits Anikó , Török Katalin , Valkó Orsolya 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe restoration of invasion-resistant plant communities is an important strategy to combat the negative impacts of alien invasions. Based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of seed-based ecological restoration experiments, here we demonstrate the potential of functional similarity, seeding density and priority effect in increasing invasion resistance. Our results indicate that native priority is the most promising mechanism to control invasion that can reduce the performance of invasive alien species by more than 50%. High-density seeding is effective in controlling invasive species, but threshold seeding rates may exist. Overall seeding functionally similar species do not have a significant effect. Generally, the impacts are more pronounced on perennial and grassy invaders and on the short-term. Our results suggest that biotic resistance can be best enhanced by the early introduction of native plant species during restoration. Seeding of a single species with high functional similarity to invasive alien species is unpromising, and instead, preference should be given to high-density multifunctional seed mixtures, possibly including native species favored by the priority effect. We highlight the need to integrate research across geographical regions, global invasive species and potential resistance mechanisms.
Korean mothers’ attitudes towards their dual heritage children’s maintenance of heritage languages in New Zealand
Authors: Park Mi Yung 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study investigates family language policy (FLP) in three dual heritage and interlingual families in New Zealand. It focuses on the language use of three Korean migrant mothers and their attitudes towards their children’s multilingualism and heritage languages (HLs). Each family’s FLP took a “one person, one language” approach, with the mothers consistently using Korean but occasionally switching to English. All three mothers in this case study showed positive attitudes towards their children maintaining their HLs, and used various strategies to encourage their children’s exposure to the HLs. However, each of the mothers conceptualized the positions of the children’s HLs somewhat differently, which influenced language socialization at home. Moreover, despite their strong commitment to bilingual or multilingual parenting, the mothers had low expectations for their children’s HL proficiency, reflecting the minority status of HLs in the wider society.
Confinement of bosons in symmetrically spherical regions with double topological defect
Authors: de Oliveira M D 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this work, we analyze the behavior of a spin-0 particle confined inside a sphere in space-time with a double topological deficit, whose line element is given by

ds

2

=

dt

2

−

b

−
2

dr

2

−

r

2

d

θ

2

−

γ

2

r

2

sin

2

θ
d

ϕ

2

, where (b, γ) are real constants. We show that it is possible to confine the particle inside a spherical cone-shaped section with θ < θ
0, where θ
0 is the confinement angle and r < a with a being the radius of the section spherical, and we obtain the angles θ
0 that confine the particle as a function of the angular moments l and m and the parameter of the cosmic string γ. As an application, we analyze the particle confined inside a regular sphere, that is θ
0 = π and r < a,and we investigate how topological defects in space influence the eigenenergies and probability densities of the particle inside the sphere. As a result, we verified that the more intense the topological defect, the greater the energy of the particle, and it will be confined in regions where r → a.
First principles investigation of electronic and elastic properties of strontium oxide and strontium peroxide phases: insights into structural stability and phase transitions
Authors: Patel H S , Dabhi V A , Vora A M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Strontium oxide (SrO) and Strontium peroxide (SrO2) with multiple phases have been observed to exist at various temperatures and pressures, however there is little literature available on their properties. We have therefore attempted to discover several unexplored properties of various phases of SrO and SrO2. In this study, the electronic and elastic properties of SrO and SrO2 have been calculated via the first principle approach. We performed the said calculations over four available phases (FCC, BCC, hexagonal-1, and hexagonal-2) of SrO and two available phases (tetragonal and orthorhombic) of SrO2. The calculations have been conducted using density functional theory within the scalar-relativistic norm-conserving optimized Vanderbilt pseudopotential. In this study, equilibrium lattice parameter, elastic constants, structural stability, bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, Pugh ratio, Universal anisotropy index, Cauchy pressure and Kleinman’s internal strain parameter as elastic properties; the band gap and nature of the band gap as electronic properties have been calculated for the aforementioned materials. The phase transition between FCC-SrO and BCC-SrO has been observed during the calculation of elastic properties at 47 GPa. Based on the mechanical stability criteria, all phases except SrO(BCC) and SrO(Hexagonal-2) have been found to pass. The value of the bulk modulus have been observed between 68 GPa and 88 GPa for the different phases of SrOx [x = 1, 2]. Satisfactory agreement could be found between the present results and the available theoretical and experimental results.
Nonclassicality of entangled Schrödinger cat states associated to generalized displaced Fock states
Authors: Miry Seyedeh Robabeh , Faghihi Mohammad Javad , Mahmoudi Hajar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce some distinct classes of entangled cat states associated to generalized displaced Fock states. For this purpose, we use the formalism of nonlinear coherent states corresponding to nonlinear oscillator algebra which yields various kinds of f-deformed entangled states. We also take a particular class of Gilmore-Perelomov-type of SU(1, 1) and a class of SU(2) coherent states. We then obtain the amount of entanglement between subsystems of the quantum states of interest by applying the measure of concurrence. Furthermore, examining some of the most important criteria, such as Mandels Q parameter, quadrature squeezing and Vogels characteristic function, we study the nonclassicality of the introduced quantum states. The numerical results show remarkable values of entanglement, sub-Poissonian statistics of the field, and squeezing indicating that the introduced states can be regarded as possible candidates for nonclassical entangled states. Afterwards, we see that the Vogel function for quantum states of interests goes beyond the value of characteristic function of the ground state, which shows the nonclassicality of the introduced states.
The Lie symmetry analysis, optimal system and exact solutions of the (2+1)-dimensional variable coefficients integrable coupled Burgers equations
Authors: Jin Meng , Yang Jiajia , Xin Xiangpeng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The variable coefficients integrable coupled Burgers equations (vcICBs) are researched by the Lie symmetry analysis method. The infinitesimal generators, commutative relations and adjoint relations are given. Optimal system of vcICBs are studied by Olver’s method. Based on the optimal system, the (2+1)-dimensional vcICB equations are reduced to (1+1)-dimensional equations. Some new exact solutions of vcICB equations are derived. Some kink solutions, breathe wave solutions and soliton solutions are got by utilising

G
′

/

G

-expansion method, Riccati equation method, Tanh-expansion method and Painlevé analysis method. By altering different coefficient functions, many different types of exact solutions can be derived. The effect of the coefficient functions on the solution is analysed. By studying the evolution of the solution with time t, the dynamic behaviors of the solutions are analysed.
Maximum likelihood bolometry for ASDEX upgrade experiments
Authors: Craciunescu Teddy , Peluso Emmanuele , Murari Andrea , Bernert Matthias , Gelfusa Michela , Rossi Riccardo , Spolladore Luca , Wyss Ivan , David Pierre , Henderson Stuart , Fevrier Olivier ,   ASDEX Upgrade Team
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Bolometry is an essential diagnostic for calculating the power balances and for the understanding of different physical aspects of tokamak experiments. The reconstruction method based on the Maximum Likelihood (ML) principle, developed initially for JET, has been implemented for ASDEX Upgrade. Due to the availability of a limited number of views, the reconstruction problem is mathematically ill-posed. A regularizing procedure, based on the assumption of smoothness along the magnetic surfaces, given by plasma equilibrium, must also be implemented. A new anisotropic smoothing technique, which acts along locally oriented kernels, has been implemented. The performances of the method have been evaluated, in terms of shapes, resolution and of the derived radiated power, and compared with the bolometry method used routinely on ASDEX Upgrade. The specific advantage of the ML reconstruction algorithm consists of the possibility to assess the uncertainties of the reconstruction and to derive confidence intervals in the emitted radiation levels. The importance of this capability is illustrated.
Improvising CODAS method functionalized with grey numbers to improve the performance of PVD titanium carbon nitride (TiCN) thin film coating: a novel approach
Authors: Das Soham , Protim Das Partha , Ghadai Ranjan Kr , Guha Spandan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This experimental study focuses on the deposition of TiCN thin film coating onto a bare p-type silicon substrate using physical vapor deposition (PVD) processes, with varying process parameters. The study employed a design of experiment in accordance with the L
16 orthogonal Array, followed by the implementation of the combinative distance-based assessment (CODAS) method functionalized with grey numbers to enhance the performance of the PVD process for the very first time in the film of thin film deposition. The study also conducted various analyses to examine the coating’s properties, including morphological, structural, microstructural, electrochemical, and mechanical properties. According to the result, the morphology of the coating was wavy in nature, with a smooth microstructure and a few agglomerated particles. The structure of the film indicated that TiCN had a single-phase FCC structure, while the mechanical and electrochemical properties improved with higher N2 flow rates. Additionally, the analysis by CODAS method functionalized with grey numbers suggested that substrate to target distance = 50 mm, N2 flow rate = 25 sccm, and bias voltage = −120 V were the most suitable condition for obtaining the best quality of TiCN thin film coating.
Easy preparation of cobalt oxide/copper oxide composites for gas sensing application
Authors: Khan Madiha , Ferlazzo Angelo , Crispi Simona , Hussain Mozaffar , Neri Giovanni 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper describes the preparation of Co3O4/CuO composites with vary CuO contents (Co3O4/CuO = 1.0wt%/0.50–1.0wt%) using a simple sol–gel process. According to SEM analysis, the composite samples exhibit a round-like morphology. XRD analysis revealed the formation of CuxCoyOz mixed oxide nanostructures. The composite materials were tested as thick films in conductometric devices for ammonia gas sensing at the optimal temperature of 150 °C. The response of Co3O4/CuO (1.0wt%/1.0wt%) composite was found much higher compared to pure Co3O4 and CuO NPs, suggesting that a synergic interaction occurs between the two metal oxide components in improving ammonia gas sensing capability. According to the findings reported, the design of Co3O4/CuO composite heterojunctions by the simple sol–gel process adopted might be an effective way to increase gas sensing toward ammonia gas at mild temperature.
Sub-Doppler dichroism as a useful tool in alkali atom hyperfine spectroscopy
Authors: Karami Mohammad , Heydarinasab Zahra , Sarreshtedari Farrokh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Analytical modeling of the sub-Doppler dichroic atomic vapor laser lock error signal shows that the slope of this error signal could be of interest for the identification of transitions in alkali atom hyperfine spectroscopy. Among four D1 line transitions of alkali atoms, the slope sign of the sub-Doppler error signal is different only for the case when the Landé g-factor is negative for both the ground and excited states. The analytical model used, which includes all sublevel transitions, shows very good agreement with the experimental spectroscopy results. The use of this technique allows us to accurately characterize hyperfine transitions in alkali atoms without the need for advanced spectroscopic tools.
Optomechanically induced grating in a graphene based nanocavity
Authors: Abdullaeva B S , Alawsi T , Alawadi A , Alsalamy A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The optomechanically induced grating (OMIG) in a nanocavity using a bilayer graphene system as the intracavity medium has been proposed. We investigate the effects of different parameters on the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern of the incident probe light. Here, one mirror of the nanocavity is considered coherently driven by the standing wave coupling and probe fields, whereas the second mirror has mechanical oscillation due to the radiation pressure. We consider interaction of bilayer graphene with the optomechanical cavity and show that OMIG can be obtained corresponding to output probe field frequency. Moreover, we find that under specific parametric conditions, most of the probe energy can transfer to the higher orders of the diffraction and only a small portion remains in the zero order.
Universal resources for quantum computing
Authors: Wang Dong-Sheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Unravelling the source of quantum computing power has been a major goal in the field of quantum information science. In recent years, the quantum resource theory (QRT) has been established to characterize various quantum resources, yet their roles in quantum computing tasks still require investigation. The so-called universal quantum computing model (UQCM), e.g. the circuit model, has been the main framework to guide the design of quantum algorithms, creation of real quantum computers etc. In this work, we combine the study of UQCM together with QRT. We find, on one hand, using QRT can provide a resource-theoretic characterization of a UQCM, the relation among models and inspire new ones, and on the other hand, using UQCM offers a framework to apply resources, study relation among these resources and classify them. We develop the theory of universal resources in the setting of UQCM, and find a rich spectrum of UQCMs and the corresponding universal resources. Depending on a hierarchical structure of resource theories, we find models can be classified into families. In this work, we study three natural families of UQCMs in detail: the amplitude family, the quasi-probability family, and the Hamiltonian family. They include some well known models, like the measurement-based model and adiabatic model, and also inspire new models such as the contextual model that we introduce. Each family contains at least a triplet of models, and such a succinct structure of families of UQCMs offers a unifying picture to investigate resources and design models. It also provides a rigorous framework to resolve puzzles, such as the role of entanglement versus interference, and unravel resource-theoretic features of quantum algorithms.