bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRAJECTORIES OF DISEASES, FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL AND COGNITIVE HEALTH OF CENTENARIANS
Authors: Zhao Erfei , Ailshire Jennifer , Crimmins Eileen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Centenarians are recognized as providing a model of delayed aging. Centenarians are generally healthier throughout their 80s/90s than non-centenarians. However, the extent of the delay in morbidities experienced by centenarians remains unclear as it requires quantifying trajectories of health deterioration with age for both centenarians and their cohort counterparts who did not survive to 100-year-old. We use the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative sample, to assess the aging experience of centenarians and non-centenarians in the following domains: diseases, functional limitations, psychological and cognitive functioning. We include data from 1993 to 2018. We include 4,778 respondents born before 1918 as they had the potential to become centenarians during the study period - 201 reached at least 100-year-old and are categorized as centenarians; 4,577 of them died before 100. We use join point regression to determine 1) how many years centenarians were delayed in morbidities onset and 2) whether deterioration is accelerated starting at certain ages. On average, onset of any limitation in activities of daily living (ADL) among centenarians is delayed by about 10 years, instrumental ADLs by 9 years, and diseases by nearly 16 years (if hypertension is not considered). Rates of deterioration are slower, in general, for centenarians; however, starting at the age of 90, centenarians experience accelerated decline in ADL, IADL, functioning, and cognition. Centenarians do not appear to experience decline in psychological well-being whereas non-centenarians do. Our results suggest centenarians generally survive to older ages because they postpone aging; it is not avoidable indefinitely.
THEORIES OF CREATIVITY AND CRAFTS FOR OLDER PEOPLE
Authors: Adams-Price Carolyn 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Although gerontologists have increased their discussions of the benefits of creative activities for older adults, some aspects of late life creativity have been discussed very little. Two aspects of late life creativity that have received little attention include 1) long-term participation in a particular creative domain, resulting in learning and the development of skills, and 2) the participation in culturally-meaningful crafts, especially those that connect people or result in a cultural legacy. Referring to examples from diverse cultures, we will discuss how theories of adult development and theories of creativity can be merged into a framework for studying the significance of participation in culturally-significant crafts for diverse older adults. Erikson’s theory of adult development and Glaveanu’s sociocultural theory of creativity will be used as a framework to explore the meaning and potential of participation in culturally-significant crafts for positive development in late life. We will discuss how practice leads to learning and mastery, how identity benefits from creating culturally-significant crafts, how creating in groups (or with an audience) leads to greater engagement, and how the creation of sharable products can lead to a meaningful legacy for some older creators. Examples from diverse cultures will be included, including from the two previous papers, and from older rural African American women who quilt.
CREATIVE ARTS INTERVENTION FOR ISOLATED LATINX OLDER ADULTS TO REDUCE TRAUMA SYMPTOMS
Authors: Alcantar Sandy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Creative arts is an important form of therapeutic psychotherapy to reduce trauma symptoms in migrant older adults by allowing them to explore what they once connected in their country of origin. This therapeutic modality helps to destigmatize mental health, promote health education, and feel accepted, include social connectiveness with individuals who have suffered similar trauma in their country of origin and have migrated to find a safer living environment. Interventions used have been tailored to Spanish Speaking Older adult immigrant clients that are at higher risk of mental health conditions, such as depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder. These clients are often hiding in isolation and feel lonely. The main objective was to reduce anxiety due to re-traumatization of symptoms more importantly during pre/post COVID isolation and multiple stressors the country has been going through. For these individuals, their arts are their livelihoods due to their immigration status. It is imperative to encourage our elderly minority community to continue to focus on their crafts i.e., weaving, embroidery, sewing, crochet, cooking, pottery, or any creative arts they pr. This allows the person to have control, autonomy, feel useful and most importantly have a sense of belonging to their community, in a country that they feel displaced from. It is vital to use arts as an option to help our older adults process their life story to support development theories, in this case, Erik Erikson’s final stage of psychosocial development, integrity vs despair.
IDENTIFYING ACUTE PRECIPITANTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF RACIAL/ETHNIC CONFLICTS IN RESIDENT-TO-RESIDENT AGGRESSION
Authors: Chang E-Shien , Teresi Jeanne , Ramirez Mildred , Eimicke Joseph , Czaja Sara , Pillemer Karl , Lachs Mark , Rosen Tony 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Resident-to-resident aggression (RRA) includes negative and aggressive physical, sexual, or verbal interactions between long-term care residents that in a community setting would likely be construed as unwelcome and have high potential to cause physical or psychological distress in the recipient. Though not explored in detail, previous research has shown that ethnic stereotyping may contribute to RRA. Our goal was to examine, for the first time, acute precipitants and consequences of RRA involving racial and ethnic conflicts. The parent study included comprehensive quantitative and qualitative information of 2,011 residents in 10 randomly-selected New York State nursing homes. Our qualitative analyses used an events perspective, focusing on how aggressive situations unfolded. We identified 51 single or repeated incidents of racial and ethnic conflicts during the study observation period. At the facility level, racial and ethnic conflicts were most commonly triggered by congested living spaces. At the relational level, racial and ethnic conflicts were frequently preceded by negative reactions to residents with cognitive impairment. At the individual level, racial and ethnic conflicts were found to be preceded by residents’ unmet or unrecognized needs. Unresolved racial and ethnic conflict commonly resulted in aggression escalation and spillover. Our results indicated racial and ethnic conflicts occurred commonly and repeatedly. Such behavior appeared tolerated and normalized, with limited institutional response. As the long-term care population becomes increasingly diverse, recognizing and addressing potential racial and ethnic conflicts becomes more pressing. Targeting racial and ethnic conflicts in RRA for intervention may also improve interactions between residents and frontline workers.
ENGAGING WITH NURSING HOME SOCIAL WORKERS TO DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT CLINICAL INTERVENTION TRAINING
Authors: Supiano Katherine , Andersen Troy , Laura Bradbury , Gonzalez Kimberly Ponce 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
PreLoss Group Support (PLGS) is a 10-session multi-modal therapeutic group intervention for dementia family care partners administered by nursing home social workers (NHSWs) to facilitate healthy death preparedness and eventual bereavement. In prior work, we used empirically validated procedures for developing psychosocial interventions, created PLGS participant and facilitator manuals, and implemented and evaluated PLGS in three cohorts of nursing home family care partners using research team LCSWs as facilitators and NHSWs as co-facilitator-trainees. Our present pragmatic trial will determine if telehealth-delivered PLGS reduces risk of poor bereavement outcome in family care partners, when delivered by NHSWs trained in PLGS via telehealth. We systematically engaged with nursing home stakeholders; administrators and NHSWs in rural, urban, and Veteran nursing homes to identify their perceptions of family care partner needs with respect to end-of-life care in residents living with dementia.NHSWs collaborated with our team to develop a full-day clinical education program. We incorporated their suggestions of family “characters” to script into our video modules using professional actors, addressed potential concerns with telehealth delivery of the training and intervention, participant identification and recruitment procedures, and requests for didactic content and interactive case examples of treatment element application. Current NHSWs who attended the full day training completed a 7-item satisfaction scale yielding a satisfaction rate of 95% (highly valuable), with 100% indicating they would recommend training to SWs in other facilities. Sustained collaboration with NH stakeholders optimizes commitment of NHSWs to PLGS participants, intervention delivery and informs later implementation strategies for translation and dissemination.
LATER-ADULTHOOD TRAUMA RE-ENGAGEMENT AMONG VIETNAM VETERANS: A COORDINATED ANALYSIS
Authors: Spiro Avron , Kaiser Anica Pless , Smith Brian , Stellman Jeanne , Stellman Steven 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Later-Adulthood Trauma Reengagement (LATR) is a framework for understanding the later-life emergence of trauma-related memories among aging veterans. LATR unfolds within the context of aging-related challenges such as retirement, physical decline, and bereavement. We developed a scale to assess LATR, the late-onset stress symptomatology short form (LOSS-SF). In this study, we compare the LOSS-SF scale across multiple samples of Vietnam veterans. Samples were surveyed between 2001 and 2020; all completed the LOSS-SF scale as well as measures of combat exposure and PTSD. We studied three male samples (256 repatriated US prisoners of war [RPW], 260 combat veterans [CV], and 507 deployed American Legion [AL] members) and one sample of 1956 women deployed to Vietnam, mostly nurses [WV]. Across samples, we examined three questions: 1) How prevalent is LATR? 2) Is LATR correlated with combat exposure and PTSD? 3) Using a regression framework, what factors (military characteristics, combat, PTSD) are related to LATR? Prevalence of LATR ranged from 5% to 38%. Mean LATR scores were higher among AL and CV samples than among the RPW and WV. LATR was modestly related to combat exposure (rs = .08 - .36) and moderately related to current PTSD symptoms (rs = .56 - .79). Regressions demonstrated the importance of PTSD to LATR across samples, and combat exposure was related to LATR only for WV. This study indicates that LATR varies across samples differing in gender and warzone experience and suggest further exploration of the overlap between PTSD and LATR among aging Vietnam veterans.
STRATEGIES FOR INVOLVING OLDER ADULTS AND INFORMAL CAREGIVERS IN HEALTH POLICY DEVELOPMENT: A SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Kolade Opeyemi , Joshua Porat-Dahlerbruch , Makhmutov Rustem , van Achterberg Theo , Ellen Moriah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Encouraging the active involvement of older adults and informal caregivers in policymaking can lead to cost-effective health and long-term care interventions and enhance the creation of responsive policies. As part of the European Union TRANS-SENIOR program, a scoping review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology. Published and grey literature was searched. Studies were included if they described the use/evaluation of methods for engaging older adults (65 years and above) and informal caregivers in local, national, or regional health policy development. Analysis was guided by the Multidimensional Framework For Patient And Family Engagement In Health And Health Care. Thirteen engagement strategies were identified from 11 publications meeting the inclusion criteria. Adopting the World Bank’s categorization of citizen engagement methods, strategies were categorized as traditional, deliberative, and others. Older adults and informal caregivers are often consulted to elicit opinions for agenda/priority setting. However, their involvement in other stages of the policy cycle: health policy formulation, implementation, and evaluation, was unclear from the literature. The described engagement methods suggested that older adults and their informal caregivers do not often have shared equal power and shared responsibility in policymaking. Findings will guide policymakers in identifying and incorporating engagement strategies to support evidence-informed policymaking processes that can improve health outcomes for older adults/informal caregivers. Future research is needed on the evaluation of involvement methods.
DAILY ASSOCIATIONS OF SOCIAL INTERACTIONS WITH OBJECTIVE SLEEP MEASURES AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Kang Jee eun , Ji Linying , Buxton Orfeu , Sliwinski Martin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Disturbed sleep is a common problem and can have profound effects on older adults. Social relationships are known to be associated with quantity and quality of sleep. To extend prior research, we examined the associations of daily social interactions and sleep, using objective sleep measures and an ecological momentary assessments (EMA) approach. Participants in the Einstein Aging Study (n=285, Mage=77, range=70-90, 68% women, 46% White, 40% Black) reported their recent social interactions and physical contact four times a day for 16 days via EMA on mobile phones. Objective sleep measures (sleep timing, night sleep time, wake after sleep onset (WASO), sleep maintenance efficiency) were calculated from concurrent wrist actigraphy. Multilevel models controlled for demographics, living arrangement, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, sleep-disordered breathing, and hypoxemia. Results showed that, on days when older adults had more day-time social interactions than their average, they had earlier sleep timing, shorter night sleep time, and less WASO, but no differences in sleep efficiency. On days when older adults had more physical contact than their average, they had earlier sleep timing and shorter night sleep time but no differences in WASO or sleep efficiency. These micro-longitudinal analyses among older adults suggest that daily social interactions are related to subsequent earlier sleep timing and shorter sleep at night, and can be beneficial for sleep quality. Physical contact seemed to be only associated with the timing and quantity of sleep but not sleep quality. Potential benefits of using an EMA approach in sleep research will be discussed.
REACTIONS TO PERPETRATORS OF BENEVOLENT AGEISM: WHAT INFLUENCES PERCEPTIONS?
Authors: Chasteen Alison , Saleem Zainab , Horhota Michelle 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Ageism against older adults is a longstanding and pervasive problem. Benevolent ageism can be particularly difficult to address, given it is characterized by warmth and condescension. In two studies, we examined the impact of confronting prejudice on perceptions of a young adult perpetrator who expressed benevolent ageism. In both studies, the perpetrator initiated unwanted help to an older person who was either 62 or 82 years old, and the older adult either accepted or politely rejected the unwanted assistance. In both studies, participants felt that rejecting (i.e., confronting) the ageist behavior decreased the likelihood the perpetrator would repeat the behavior. Young adult participants used the age of the older target as a cue for interpreting the perpetrator’s intentions, such that they rated the perpetrator’s actions as less intending to offend if the older target was 82 than 62 years of age. Moreover, younger adults used the age of the older target to determine whether the perpetrator should be confronted, indicating that confrontation should occur when the target was 62 vs. 82 years old. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that participants of all ages feel that confronting benevolent ageism can be an effective tool for reducing biased behavior. As well, these findings show that the age of the older adult target might be used as a normative cue to interpret the perpetrator’s intentions and actions, thus providing a more nuanced picture of what might drive witnesses’ responses to ageist behavior.
AGEISM, JOB SATISFACTION, INTRINSIC MOTIVATION, AND RETIREMENT DECISIONS
Authors: Swift Hannah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study examines experiences of ageism in the workplace and how they impact workers’ intentions to retire. Self-report data on experiences of ageism in the workplace, meta-perceptions of older workers, job satisfaction, motivation, and retirement intentions were collected in a sample of 125 UK employees aged 50 and older, alongside other relevant demographic information. In line with previous research, the analysis revealed that the positive relationship between ageism and intentions to retire is mediated by a reduction in job satisfaction. However, additional analysis confirmed that intrinsic motivation also partially mediates the relationship between job satisfaction and intentions to retire. A serial mediation model then established that experiences of ageism at work increased intentions to retire via reductions in job satisfaction, which in turn reduced intrinsic motivation to work. Separate models confirm these relationships remain when the experience of ageism is substituted for negative meta-perceptions of older workers. This research provides further evidence for the need to reduce ageism and negative age stereotypes in organizational settings but also highlights the role of intrinsic motivation as an important indirect pathway through which ageism increases retirement intentions. For the first time, the effects of negative meta-stereotypes on job satisfaction, intrinsic motivation, and intentions are also modelled.
BURSTING THE BUBBLE? CHANGES IN OLDER ADULTS’ LEISURE WITH OTHERS DURING THE PANDEMIC
Authors: Rauer Amy , Stewart Meagan , Fiori Katherine , Marini Christina , Kanter Jeremy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
After months of social distancing, widespread vaccine availability gave hope to older adults that they could resume social activities. However, as new variants emerged, it was not always clear how safely older adults could connect with others. Thus, the current study examined how older adults’ leisure with others changed as they reintegrated using a sample of 136 older adults in the U.S. (Mage = 68, range: 50-91; 69% females; 93% White; 72% partnered; 61% retired; 88% living independently). Participants reported on leisure at three time points (Summer 2021; Fall 2021; Winter 2022) using a modified version of the Pittsburgh Enjoyable Activities Scale (Pressman et al., 2009). Repeated measures analyses revealed that although there were no differences in the total amount of leisure individuals engaged in over time, with whom they did these activities differed both across time and activities. Participants were most likely to do activities with romantic partners at all three waves, followed by activities alone. Leisure with friends and family was least likely. Although leisure alone and with friends remained stable over time, leisure with a romantic partner and with family declined from T2 to T3, when COVID-19 cases were peaking. Interestingly, declines were seen in both more traditionally social activities (e.g., taking trips, sports) and those usually considered more solitary (e.g., computer use, chores). Despite both rising COVID-19 rates and inconsistent rhetoric on social distancing, older adults were still able to do things they enjoyed, though their ability to do so with loved ones appeared to wane.
PREDICTORS OF HOSPICE AND END-OF-LIFE CARE: GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION, PATIENT PORTALS, NURSING HOME CARE, AND HOME HEALTH
Authors: Portz Jennifer , Washington Karla 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Hospice is considered an indicator of high-quality care at end-of-life (EOL) often allowing patients to receive care aligned with their values, in their homes, surrounded by support and loved-ones. However, there is a need to address access barriers to hospice and enroll patients earlier in their disease trajectory. Understanding predictors of hospice use will help identify strategies for addressing hospice inequities, promoting longer hospice stays, and improving overall EOL outcomes. Focusing on research methodologies with large cohorts and national samples, this symposium examines the associations of health care services and inequalities on key EOL outcomes and hospice use. First, Autumn Decker will describe profiles of hospice use and EOL experience by geographic location and race from the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Next, Dr. Jennifer Portz will summarize the association between types of patient portal use and EOL outcomes including hospitalization, advance directives, and hospice use. Dr. Ellis Dillon will follow with a description of hospice use and short hospice length of enrollment for Conneticut’s Medicaid decedents, comparing decedents with nursing home stays to those without. Lastly, Dr. Olga Jarrin will present findings from her study of home health care use during the last 3 years of life as a predictor of death with hospice in a Medicare cohort. Our discussant, Dr. Karla Washington, will lead us in a conversation outlining the role of health care services, such as home health, nursing home care, and patient portals, for promoting access to hospice earlier and for all patients.
INTERGENERATIONAL CONTACT AND THE BENEFITS FOR OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Zhang Xin , Xi Wanyu , Weiss David 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Intergenerational contact can be in a variety of forms, from day-to-day interaction between family members, such as filial piety expressed by the younger generation, to artificial contact in an on-line game context. No matter what form of intergenerational contact, it is believed that such contact should be beneficial for older adults for many reasons. For example, it can help to reduce feelings of loneliness, stress and provide a greater sense of purpose. It can also help to foster a greater appreciation for differences between generations and create stronger social connections with those of different ages. It can also boost mental health, physical health, and even reduce the risk of depression. In a group of 5 individual presentations, the authors showcased that intergenerational contact could promote life satisfaction in a 5-year-interval (Ayalon & Dikla), reduce ageist attitudes toward older adults in an on-line game context (Xi, Chang, Zhang, & Ayalon), foster positive self-perception of aging (Chang & Zhang; and Tse), as well as enhance health information-seeking behaviors (Zhao, Song, & Song). These results indicated that even from different cultural background (e.g., Chinese or Americans), a positive intergenerational contact, such as providing social support to aged parents, collaborating with partners from different age groups, and even offer kindness actions toward people of a different age group could indeed be beneficial. These studies provided theoretical insights for the intergenerational contact literature, and highlighted important practical implications for potential interventions to facilitate successful aging for older adults.