bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Multiperspectival Approach to Applied Linguistic
research
Authors: Crichton Jonathan , Hocking Darryl 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the distinctive features
of the Multiperspectival Approach (MPA) to research: its
theoretical and philosophical background, the questions it
addresses, and the research orientations it enables. The chapter
explains how MPA offers researchers a heuristic that addresses
ontological and epistemological challenges to research that are
central to the language-context relationship and consequential
for any researcher who seeks to make claims about the meaning of
language in the lives of others at particular sites. The chapter
provides detailed background and guidance on what MPA involves
and its value as a practical ontology that enables researchers
to discover – rather than to search – the worlds of their
participants, iteratively to learn through this process of
discovery, developing warrants and finding themes to bridge
these worlds through multiple, mutually-corroborating
perspectives.
Topology-induced quantum transition in multiparticle systems in vicinity of a black hole
Authors: Jacak J E 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The qualitative change of the type of particle trajectory homotopy in close vicinity of general-relativistic gravitational singularity affects quantum statistics in systems of identical indistinguishable particles at passing the photon sphere rim of a Schwarzschild black hole. This causes a local departure from the Pauli exclusion principle, which results in some high energy effects manifesting themselves when the matter is falling into a black hole. The release of the energy can take place at the rim of the photon sphere of a black hole due to the decay of Fermi spheres in highly compressed fermion systems entering this region. The effect is observable at activity of quasars or at collapses of neutron star mergers. The related supplementation to conventional models of the accretion disc luminosity by additional radiation from close vicinity of the event horizon of a massive black hole powering super-luminous quasar is proposed and compared with observations. The source of short-lasting gamma-ray bursts has been also identified at collapses of unstable neutron star mergers due to the decay of Fermi sphere of neutrons. The duration and spectrum of the related e-m radiation bursts estimated by the Fermi golden rule for the Fermi sphere decay agree with observations. The quantum statistics effect contributes also to the radiation of transients of micro-quasars and short lasting brightening episodes in closer active galactic nuclei. The proposed quantum effect changes the premises for the current discussion of the information paradox and hypothesis of the black hole firewall.
Enhanced effective spin Hall efficiency contributed by the extrinsic spin Hall effect in Pt1-
x
Ta
x
/CoFeB structures
Authors: Xu Zhan , Tang Jiaxuan , Hu Sicong , Liu Er , Xu Feng , Bian Leixiang , Lew Wen Siang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
High effective spin Hall efficiency and low magnetic damping constant are essential to achieve efficient spin-charge conversion for energy-efficient spintronic devices. We report the measurements of effective spin Hall efficiency and magnetic damping constant of Pt1-

x
Ta
x
/CoFeB structures using spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) techniques. With the increase of Ta content, the spin Hall efficiency increases and peaks x = 0.15 with the value of

θ

SH

eff

=
0.35

, before decreases for further Ta content. This non-monotonic variation is attributed to the interaction between the contribution of the extrinsic skew scattering mechanism and the spin-orbit coupling (SOC). The weakening of the SOC in the Pt1-x
Ta
x
layer leads to a decrease in the effective magnetic damping constant with increasing Ta concentration. High-temperature ST-FMR measurements confirm the influence of the Ta concentration on the spin Hall effect and magnetic damping mechanism. Additionally, the decrease in spin mixing conductance and the increase in spin diffusion length leads to a decrease in the interfacial spin transparency.
A novel monitoring method based on multi-model information extraction and fusion
Authors: Li Zhichao , Shen Mingxue , Tian Li , Yan Xuefeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Modern industrial processes are increasingly complex, where multiple characteristics usually coexist in process data. Therefore, traditional monitoring methods based on a single model may ignore other data characteristics and obtain poor monitoring performance. Aiming at this problem, a novel monitoring method based on multi-model information extraction and fusion is proposed in this paper. Firstly, several methods are used to extract different characteristics from process data. For example, principal component analysis, independent component analysis and slow features analysis can be used to extract Gaussian, non-Gaussian and dynamic characteristics respectively. Secondly, features extracted from multiple models are combined into new potential features. Then, Lasso regression models between potential features and process variables are established. In this way, not only are multiple characteristics in process data considered during the reconstruction, but key potential features (KPFs) can be selected for each process variable. The KPFs for each process variable can form a monitoring subspace to enhance the sensitivity for fault detection. Furthermore, cluster analysis is used to reduce the redundancy of monitoring subspaces based on the similarity of each subspace. Process monitoring can be achieved by fusing the monitoring results of finally determined multiple subspaces and residual space. Case studies on three simulation processes and a real industrial process demonstrate the effectiveness and better performance.
Optimizing intracranial electric field distribution through temperature-driven scalp conductivity adjustments in transcranial electrical stimulation
Authors: Wang Minmin , Zhang Li , Hong Wenjun , Luo Yujia , Li Han , Feng Zhiying 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) is a promising non-invasive neuromodulation technique. How to increase the current intensity entering the skull and reduce scalp shunting has become a key factor significantly influencing regulatory efficacy. In this study, we introduce a novel approach for optimizing TES by adjusting local scalp temperature to modulate scalp conductivity. We have developed simulation models for TES-induced electric fields and for temperature-induced alterations in scalp conductivity. Two common types of stimulation montage (M1-SO and 4 × 1 montage) were adopted for the evaluation of effectiveness. We observed that the modulation of scalp temperature has a significant impact on the distribution of the electric field within the brain during TES. As local scalp temperature decreases, there is an increase in the maximum electric field intensity within the target area, with the maximum change reaching 18.3%, when compared to the electric field distribution observed under normal scalp temperature conditions. Our study provide insights into the practical implementation challenges and future directions for this innovative methodology.
The magnetic gradient scale length explains why certain plasmas require close external magnetic coils
Authors: Kappel John , Landreman Matt , Malhotra Dhairya 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The separation between the last closed flux surface of a plasma and the external coils that magnetically confine it is a limiting factor in the construction of fusion-capable plasma devices. This plasma-coil separation must be large enough so that components such as a breeding blanket and neutron shielding can fit between the plasma and the coils. Plasma-coil separation affects reactor size, engineering complexity, and particle loss due to field ripple. For some plasmas it can be difficult to produce the desired flux surface shaping with distant coils, and for other plasmas it is infeasible altogether. Here, we seek to understand the underlying physics that limits plasma-coil separation and explain why some configurations require close external coils. In this paper, we explore the hypothesis that the limiting plasma-coil separation is set by the shortest scale length of the magnetic field as expressed by the

∇

B

tensor. We tested this hypothesis on a database of

>

40 stellarator and tokamak configurations. Within this database, the coil-to-plasma distance compared to the minor radius varies by over an order of magnitude. The magnetic scale length is well correlated to the coil-to-plasma distance of actual coil designs generated using the REGCOIL method (Landreman 2017 Nucl. Fusion
57 046003). Additionally, this correlation reveals a general trend that larger plasma-coil separation is possible with a small number of field periods.
Progress in the development of the ITER baseline scenario in TCV
Authors: Labit B , Sauter O , Pütterich T , Bagnato F , Camenen Y , Coda S , Contré C , Coosemans R , Eriksson F , Février O , Fransson E , Karpushov A N , Krutkin O , Marchioni S , Merle A , Pau A , Piron L , Vallar M , Van Mulders S , Voitsekhovitch I ,   the TCV team,   the MST1 team,   the EUROfusion tokamak exploitation team
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Under the auspices of EUROfusion, the ITER baseline (IBL) scenario has been jointly investigated on AUG and TCV in the past years and this paper reports on the developments on TCV. Three ITER shapes, namely the JET, AUG and ITER IBL have been reproduced in TCV, illustrating that the higher the triangularity the larger the ELM perturbation and the more difficult it is to reach stationary states with q
95< 3.6. It is found that the performance of TCV IBL is mainly limited by (neoclassical) tearing modes, in particular 2/1 modes which are triggered after a large ELM. It is demonstrated that the shorter the ELM period the larger β

N
at the NTM onset. We show that these modes can be avoided with central X3 EC heating at relatively high q
95 and moderate β

N
. However, the lack of significant ECH at the high central densities obtained in TCV IBL scenario limits the duration of low q
95 cases to about four confinement times. During this time, density usually keeps peaking until (neoclassical) tearing modes are triggered. Nevertheless, the TCV IBL database covers the ITER target values (

H

98
y
2

∼

1,

β
N

∼

1.8 at

q

95

∼

3) and a slightly better confinement than requested for ITER is reported. Integrated modelling results show that ITG modes are the dominant instabilities, and show that, in TCV, fuelling also plays a role to sustain peaked density profiles. The role of profiles, sawteeth and ELMs regarding MHD stability are also discussed.
Feasibility study of an XPCI diagnostic to observe the evolution of micro-voids in an ICF target
Authors: Barbato F , Savino L , Schiavi A , Atzeni S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Bulk perturbations (voids or crystalline structure) inside the ablator of a capsule used for inertial confinement fusion are seeds for instabilities that can hinder the ignition. The study of these defects and their evolution during the implosion is one of the steps needed to achieve fusion. The current methods used by the field are to infer these effects indirectly with measurements of implosion velocity and neutron yield, among others. Observing them directly with an x-ray imaging diagnostic is difficult due to the small scale length of these defects. In this work we study the feasibility of a new diagnostic based on x-ray phase-contrast imaging. This technique has been demonstrated to perform better than standard x-ray absorption techniques in critical situations like this. By using a synthetic diagnostic we show the capabilities of this new possible approach and the limits in relation to the parameters of currently available laser facilities.
Insights into spatial inhomogeneity in an oxygen plasma from cavity ringdown spectroscopy
Authors: Rogers Samuel D A , Bond Amelia , Peverall Robert , Hancock Gus , Ritchie Grant A D 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cavity ringdown spectroscopy has been used to investigate the translational and rotational temperatures of the v = 0 and 1 vibrational levels of O2(X) in an inductively coupled plasma at 100 mTorr (13.332 Pa) pressure. All rotational states probed display a clear increase in temperature as plasma power increases: at fixed power, the translational temperature appears largest for rotational states in v = 1 (J= 7, 16, 17, 22) and lowest in the low energy states (J = 1, 18, 19) in v = 0; highly excited rotational states (J = 28, 30, 31) of v = 0 show intermediate behaviour. The rotational temperature values behave similarly. These observations are consistent with the effects of plasma inhomogeneity and can be interpreted with a simple one-dimensional model whereby the pressure, temperature and mole fractions of the various species across the chamber (and arms) are approximated with rational profiles and the corresponding line-of-sight averaged densities and temperatures calculated. This basic model is reasonably successful at reproducing the observations for O2(X, v = 0) and O(3P) densities. The fact that resolving several rotational transitions allows spatial variations within the plasma to be inferred from line-of-sight averaged measurements is an extremely powerful result that could be of great utility in future work.
Monolithic integration of superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors with Josephson junctions for scalable single-photon sensing
Authors: Khan Saeed , Primavera Bryce A , Mirin Richard P , Woo Nam Sae , Shainline Jeffrey M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We demonstrate superconducting single-photon detectors (SPDs) that integrate signals locally at each pixel. This capability is realized by the monolithic integration of superconducting-nanowire SPDs with Josephson electronics. The motivation is to realize superconducting sensor elements with integrating capabilities similar to their CMOS-sensor counterparts. The pixels can operate in several modes. First, we demonstrate that photons can be counted individually, with each detection event adding an identical amount of supercurrent to an integrating element. Second, we demonstrate an active gain control option, in which the signal added per detection event can be dynamically adjusted to account for variable light conditions. Additionally, the pixels can either retain signal indefinitely to record all counts incurred over an integration period, or the pixels can record a fading signal of detection events within a decay time constant. We describe additional semiconductor readout circuitry that will be used in future work to realize scalable, large-format sensor arrays of superconducting SPDs compatible with CMOS array readout architectures.
Bose–Einstein condensates and the thin-shell limit in anisotropic bubble traps
Authors: Biral Elias J P , Móller Natália S , Pelster Axel , dos Santos F Ednilson A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Within the many different models, that appeared with the use of cold atoms to create BECs, the bubble trap shaped potential has been of great interest. However, the relationship between the physical parameters and the resulting manifold geometry remains yet to be fully understood for the anisotropic bubble trap physics in the thin-shell limit. In this paper, we work towards this goal by showing how the parameters of the system must be manipulated in order to allow for a non-collapsing thin-shell limit. In such a limit, a dimensional compactification takes place, thus leading to an effective 2D Hamiltonian which relates to up-to-date bubble trap experiments. At last, the resulting Hamiltonian is perturbatively solved for both the ground-state wave function and the excitation frequencies in the leading order of deviations from a spherical bubble trap.
Nonlinear squeezing of stochastic motion
Authors: Ornigotti Luca , Moore Darren W , Filip Radim 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Linearized stochastic nanomechanical systems operating at nonzero temperatures and constant frequency and damping are restricted in their capacity to reduce noise in nonlinear combinations of the canonical variables. Nonlinear dynamics are then required in order to overcome these limits. Here we demonstrate how to make these limits explicit in the form of a threshold for nonlinear squeezing of the motional variables. Noise suppression below the threshold cannot be explained by linearized dynamics and is helpful in low-noise nonlinear devices at an ambient temperature. We predict that a state of the art levitating particle, exposed to cubic or quartic trapping potentials for a short interval will display nonlinear squeezing of stochastic motion that cannot be replicated by linear motion.
Simulating dirty bosons on a quantum computer
Authors: Oftelie Lindsay Bassman , Van Beeumen Roel , Camps Daan , de Jong Wibe A , Dupont Maxime 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Quantum computers hold the potential to unlock new discoveries in complex quantum systems by enabling the simulation of physical systems that have heretofore been impossible to implement on classical computers due to intractability. A system of particular interest is that of dirty bosons, whose physics highlights the intriguing interplay of disorder and interactions in quantum systems, playing a central role in describing, for instance, ultracold gases in a random potential, doped quantum magnets, and amorphous superconductors. Here, we demonstrate how quantum computers can be used to elucidate the physics of dirty bosons in one and two dimensions. Specifically, we explore the disorder-induced delocalized-to-localized transition using adiabatic state preparation. In one dimension, the quantum circuits can be compressed to small enough depths for execution on currently available quantum computers. In two dimensions, the compression scheme is no longer applicable, thereby requiring the use of large-scale classical state vector simulations to emulate quantum computer performance. In addition, simulating interacting bosons via emulation of a noisy quantum computer allowed us to study the effect of quantum hardware noise on the physical properties of the simulated system. Our results suggest that scaling laws control how noise modifies observables versus its strength, the circuit depth, and the number of qubits. Moreover, we observe that noise impacts the delocalized and localized phases differently. A better understanding of how noise alters the observed properties of the simulated system is essential for leveraging near-term quantum devices for simulation of dirty bosons, and indeed for condensed matter systems in general.
Physical phase field model for phagocytosis
Authors: Winkler Benjamin , Abu Hamed Mohammad , Nepomnyashchy Alexander A , Ziebert Falko 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We propose and study a simple, physical model for phagocytosis, i.e. the active, actin-mediated uptake of micron-sized particles by biological cells. The cell is described by the phase field method and the driving mechanisms of uptake are actin ratcheting, modeled by a dynamic vector field, as well as cell-particle adhesion due to receptor-ligand binding. We first test the modeling framework for the symmetric situation of a spherical cell engulfing a fixed spherical particle. We then exemplify its versatility by studying various asymmetric situations like different particle shapes and orientations, as well as the simultaneous uptake of two particles. In addition, we perform a perturbation theory of a slightly modified model version in the symmetric setting, allowing to derive a reduced model, shedding light on the effective driving forces and being easier to solve. This work is meant as a first step in describing phagocytosis and we discuss several effects that are amenable to future modeling within the same framework.
Detailed investigations on stability and optoelectronic characteristics of the 1T-PdS2 monolayer
Authors: Priyanka  , Chowdhury Suman , Ritu  , Kumar Vinod , Kumar Ramesh , Chand Fakir 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this work, detailed theoretical elucidation on the structural stability and optoelectronic characteristics of the 1T-PdS2 monolayer is provided using density functional theory (DFT). The dynamical and mechanical stabilities of the structure are assessed through the analysis of phonon dispersion spectra and the Born-Huang stability criterion. The value of Young’s modulus comes out to be 68.75 Nm−1, which demonstrates high flexibility of the structure. Further, thermal stability of the structure is investigated using Ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations. The first-principle calculations by GGA + SOC (GGA + U) methods reveal that the monolayer is an indirect bandgap semiconductor having bandgap 1.14 eV (1.173 eV). The dielectric function displays its highest peak in the energy range 1.5–2 eV, whereas the maximum absorption coefficient lies in the ultraviolet region. Furthermore, the impact of vacancy defects are also investigated on the optoelectronic characteristics of the monolayer. The bandgap changes from indirect nature to direct one and reduces from 1.17 eV to 0.25 eV and 0.43 eV under single palladium and sulphur vacancies, respectively. The optical parameters also show enhancement with the introduction of these vacancies. The computational analysis reveals that 1T-PdS2 monolayer possesses advantageous attributes, making it a viable material for different optoelectronic applications.
Numerical characterization of dual-frequency capacitively coupled plasmas modulated by electron beam injection
Authors: Zhou Youyou , Wang Yu , Wu Hao , Wang Hongyu , Jiang Wei , Zhang Ya 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The modulated approach of electron beam (EB) injection can achieve favorable parameters for capacitive coupled plasmas (CCP). In this work, a one-dimensional particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision (PIC/MCC) model is used to simulate the stable dual-frequency CCP with EB injection. First, when the parameters of EB are kept constant at 0.01 A and 30 eV, the results demonstrate significant enhancements in electron density, self-bias voltage, and ion flux. Furthermore, the electron energy probability function (EEPF) appears to have a transition from a typical bi-Maxwellian distribution to a Maxwellian distribution, and the dominant heating mode shifts from the α-mode to the α-γ-mode. Secondly, when the EB current and energy are all changed, the basic parameters of DF-CCP can be achieved by different modulations. Furthermore, we also discuss the transition of the electron heating mode as the current increases from 0.001 A to 1 A and the energy increases from 10 eV to 490 eV. In particular, we conduct a comparative study among different cases of EB injection. According to these results, the modulation capability of EB injection in DF-CCP is thoroughly investigated, which can greatly benefit atom-scale etching in practical applications.