bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perpetuating corridor conservation: Using public perception to advance big game management
Authors: Paolini Kelsey E. , Sisneros‐Kidd Abigail M. , Gautier Nicole , Bonnie Robert , Wallen Kenneth E. , Bennett Drew E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNatural and anthropogenic disturbances may threaten big game migration. Migration corridors span both biophysical and jurisdictional barriers, which create challenges for effective species conservation. Though corridor conservation in the Intermountain West of the United States gained traction with the 2018 Secretarial Order that directed the U.S. Department of the Interior to enhance habitat quality within big game winter ranges and identify priority migration corridors in the western U.S., public support and active policies at sub regional scales remain polarized. We surveyed registered voters in Wyoming, USA, to assess perspectives and preferences to conserve land and habitat for big game migration. We used online focus groups and phone surveys to assess attitudes and opinions specific to support for policies that conserve migrations, the believability of interest groups, and the efficacy of conservation messaging frames. Our results show that Wyoming voters favored policies that benefit both humans and big game, associated higher credibility with state agencies than federal agencies, and found messages that specify human‐centered benefits most compelling. We assessed beliefs across demographics, such as political ideology, but found few significant differences. Our work provides insight into dynamic perspectives and preferences for big game corridor conservation among critically affected public, which can aid future research and engagement to advance big game management.
Heat transfer in a dissipative nanofluid passing by a convective stretching/shrinking cylinder near the stagnation point
Authors: Khan Muhammad Riaz , Puneeth Venkatesh , Alaoui Mohammed Kbiri , Alroobaea Roobaea , Abdou Mohammed Modather Mohammed 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis contemporary article examines the transfer of heat properties and the flow behavior of water‐based nanofluid suspended with silver nanoparticles. These silver nanoparticles have a very huge thermal conductivity and hence it is presumed that the resulting nanofluid shall have enhanced thermal conductance. This article is more focused on the study of nanofluid flowing past a cylinder that is modeled mathematically using the cylindrical coordinate system. The initial modeling is designed using a system of partial derivatives while at a later stage, this system is transformed into a nonlinear group of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The equations in this system are solved to obtain the dual solutions by implementing the RKF‐45 method which has a greater rate of convergence and additionally, it is computationally very effective. The findings of the study are dealt by plotting graphs and the discussions are based on the appearance of graphs. It is further noticed that the critical point remains constant at for any changes made in the values of heat generation/absorption coefficient. Similarly, the critical value remains constant at for any change made in the values of the Eckert number. Meanwhile, it is also observed that the increase in the Eckert number increases the temperature absorbed by the nanofluid whereas it decreases the Nusselt number. Furthermore, the higher values of the velocity slip reduce the skin friction coefficient.
Studying Data Ethics Management: Research Methodology
Authors: Hirsch Dennis , Bartley Timothy , Chandrasekaran Aravind , Norris Davon , Parthasarathy Srinivasan , Turner Piers Norris 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis chapter outlines our approach to investigating how corporations manage the threats and risks that their use of advanced analytics can create. Specifically, we deploy a mixed method research design combining insights from semi-structured interviews and an original survey of business data ethics managers as well as the attorneys, consultants, and think tanks who advise them. The interviews and survey hone in on five key areas of inquiry: (1) the risks big data can create, (2) motivations for why businesses attempt to mitigate the risks of big data when the law does not yet require them do so, (3) how businesses manage these risks via frameworks, management processes, and/or technological solutions, (4) how businesses attempt to use advanced analytics and AI for the social good, and (5) the broader regulatory and legal environment within which data ethics management operates. By using multiple research methods and focusing on multiple dimensions of corporate use of analytics, our analysis provides an entrée into the state of the art of data ethics management.
Compilation Semantics for a Programming Language with Versions
Authors: Tanabe Yudai , Lubis Luthfan Anshar , Aotani Tomoyuki , Masuhara Hidehiko 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProgramming with versions is a paradigm that allows a program to use multiple versions of a module so that the programmer can selectively use functions from both older and newer versions of a single module. Previous work formalized $$\lambda _{\textrm{VL}}$$

λ
VL

, a core calculus for programming with versions, but it has not been integrated into practical programming languages. In this paper, we propose VL, a Haskell-subset surface language for $$\lambda _{\textrm{VL}}$$

λ
VL

along with its compilation method. We formally describe the core part of the VL compiler, which translates from the surface language to the core language by leveraging Girard’s translation, soundly infers the consistent version of expressions along with their types, and generates a multi-version interface by bundling specific-version interfaces. We conduct a case study to show how VL supports practical software evolution scenarios and discuss the method’s scalability.
Towards a Framework for Developing Verified Assemblers for the ELF Format
Authors: Wu Jinhua , Wang Yuting , Sun Meng , Xu Xiangzhe , Song Yichen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMost of the existing work on verified compilation leaves unverified the translation of assembly programs into binary code in object file formats (e.g., the Executable and Linkable Format or ELF). The challenges of developing verified assemblers come from the intrinsic complexities in low-level assembling processes caused by the need to support different computer architectures and their details, such as encoding a large number of instructions and verifying its correctness. We present a framework that overcomes the above challenges. It works as a template which may be instantiated to generate verified assemblers for different architectures targeting ELF object files. For this, it is parameterized over the implementation and verification of architecture-dependent assembling processes through well-defined interfaces. By plugging the architecture-dependent parts into the template, we get complete verified assemblers. To manage the complexity in developing and verifying encoding of instructions, we integrate into our framework the CSLED framework for automatically generating verified instruction encoders and decoders from declarative instruction specifications. To show the effectiveness of our framework, we have applied it to generate verified assemblers for the complete X86 and RISC-V assembly languages in CompCert.
Supraphysiological testosterone levels from anabolic steroid use and reduced sensitivity to negative facial expressions in men
Authors: Scarth Morgan , Hauger Lisa Evju , Thorsby Per Medbøe , Leknes Siri , Hullstein Ingunn R , Westlye Lars T. , Bjørnebekk Astrid 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Rationale
Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are used to improve physical performance and appearance, but have been associated with deficits in social cognitive functioning. Approximately 30% of people who use AAS develop a dependence, increasing the risk for undesired effects.

Objectives
To assess the relationship between AAS use (current/previous), AAS dependence, and the ability to recognize emotional facial expressions, and investigate the potential mediating role of hormone levels.

Methods
In total 156 male weightlifters, including those with current (n = 45) or previous (n = 34) AAS use and never-using controls (n = 77), completed a facial Emotion Recognition Task (ERT). Participants were presented with faces expressing one out of six emotions (sadness, happiness, fear, anger, disgust, and surprise) and were instructed to indicate which of the six emotions each face displayed. ERT accuracy and response time were recorded and evaluated for association with AAS use status, AAS dependence, and serum reproductive hormone levels. Mediation models were used to evaluate the mediating role of androgens in the relationship between AAS use and ERT performance.

Results
Compared to never-using controls, men currently using AAS exhibited lower recognition accuracy for facial emotional expressions, particularly anger (Cohen’s d = −0.57, pFDR = 0.03) and disgust (d = −0.51, pFDR = 0.05). Those with AAS dependence (n = 47) demonstrated worse recognition of fear relative to men without dependence (d = 0.58, p = 0.03). Recognition of disgust was negatively correlated with serum free testosterone index (FTI); however, FTI did not significantly mediate the association between AAS use and recognition of disgust.

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate impaired facial emotion recognition among men currently using AAS compared to controls. While further studies are needed to investigate potential mechanisms, our analysis did not support a simple mediation effect of serum FTI.
The role of flow cytometry in the classification of myeloid disorders
Authors: Saft Leonie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe World Health Organization classification (WHO-HAEM5) and the International Consensus Classification (ICC 2022) of myeloid neoplasms are based on the integration of clinical, morphologic, immunophenotypic, and genomic data. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping (FCIP) allows the identification, enumeration, and characterization of hematopoietic cells, and is therefore a powerful tool in the diagnosis, classification, and monitoring of hematological neoplasms. The vast majority of flow cytometry (FCM) studies in chronic myeloid neoplasms focus on its role in myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS). FCM can also be helpful for the assessment of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) and MDS/MPN, including the early detection of evolving myeloid or lymphoid blast crisis and the characterization of monocytic subsets. The classification of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is primarily based on cytogenetic and molecular findings; however, FCIP is needed for subclassification of AML, not otherwise specified (NOS; ICC)/AML defined by differentiation (WHO-HAEM5). The main role of FCM in AML remains in making a rapid diagnosis and as a tool for measurable residual disease monitoring. Machine learning and artificial intelligence approaches can be used to analyze and classify FCM data. This article, based on an invited lecture at the 106th Annual Meeting of the German Society of Pathology in 2023, reviews the role of FCM in the classification of myeloid neoplasms, including recent publications on the application of artificial intelligence.
Leaving Home: Cumulative Climate Shocks and Migration in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Di Falco Salvatore , Kis Anna B. , Viarengo Martina , Das Utsoree 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe combine a multi-country household panel dataset with high-resolution gridded precipitation data to investigate how cumulative climatic shocks affects the decision to leave the households in five sub-Saharan African countries. We find that while the effect of recent adverse weather shocks is on average modest, the cumulative effect of a persistent exposure to droughts over several years leads to a significant increase in the probability for a household member to leave the household. We speculate that this pattern can be indicative of increased migratory flows due to increase in the frequency of extremes.
Implementation, Realization and an Effective Solver of Two-Equation Turbulence Models
Authors: Langer S. , Swanson R. C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCurrently, when the Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations are solved using turbulence modelling, most often the one-equation model of Spalart and Allmaras is used. Then, it is only necessary to solve the RANS equations in conjunction with a single transport equation for modeling turbulence. For this model, considerable assessment and analysis has been performed, allowing the possibility of a reliable solution method for an eddy viscosity required to compute the Reynolds stresses in the RANS equations. Such evaluation along with analysis has not been performed for similar performance with two-equation models of the $$k$$
k
-$$\omega $$
ω
type. The primary objective of this paper is to present and discuss the components of an effective numerical algorithm for solving the RANS equations and the two transport equations of $$k$$
k
-$$\omega $$
ω
type turbulence models. All the important details of the turbulence model as actually implemented are given, which is sometimes not done in various papers considering such modeling. The viability and effectiveness of this solution algorithm are demonstrated by solving both two-dimensional and three-dimensional aerodynamic flows. In all applications, a linear rate of convergence without oscillations or other evidence of unstable behavior is observed. This behavior is also particularly true when the proposed algorithm is applied to systematically refined mesh sequences, which is generally not observed with algorithms solving more than one transport equation. Thus numerical integration errors are systematically reduced, allowing for a significantly more reliable assessment of the effectiveness of the model itself. Additionally, in this paper analysis of the solution algorithm, including linear stability, is also performed for a particular flow problem.
Systematic Review to Inform a World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Practice Guideline: Benefits and Harms of Structured and Standardized Education or Advice for Chronic Primary low back pain in Adults
Authors: Southerst Danielle , Hincapié Cesar A. , Yu Hainan , Verville Leslie , Bussières André , Gross Douglas P. , Pereira Paulo , Mior Silvano , Tricco Andrea C. , Cedraschi Christine , Brunton Ginny , Nordin Margareta , Wong Jessica J. , Connell Gaelan , Shearer Heather M. , DeSouza Astrid , Muñoz Laguna Javier , Lee Joyce G. B. , To Daphne , Lalji Rahim , Stuber Kent , Funabashi Martha , Hofstetter Léonie , Myrtos Danny , Romanelli Andrew , Guist Brett , Young James J. , da Silva-Oolup Sophia , Stupar Maja , Wang Dan , Murnaghan Kent , Cancelliere Carol 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Evaluate benefits and harms of education/advice for chronic primary low back pain (CPLBP) in adults to inform a World Health Organization (WHO) standard clinical guideline.

Methods
Electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing education/advice compared with placebo/sham, usual care, or no intervention (including comparison interventions where the attributable effect of education/advice could be isolated). We conducted meta-analyses and graded the certainty of evidence.

Results
We screened 2514 citations and 86 full text RCTs and included 15 RCTs. Most outcomes were assessed 3 to 6 months post-intervention. Compared with no intervention, education/advice improved pain (10 RCTs, MD = -1.1, 95% CI -1.63 to -0.56), function (10 RCTs, SMD = -0.51, 95% CI -0.89 to -0.12), physical health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (2 RCTs, MD = 24.27, 95% CI 12.93 to 35.61), fear avoidance (5 RCTs, SMD = -1.4, 95% CI -2.51 to -0.29), depression (1 RCT; MD = 2.10, 95% CI 1.05 to 3.15), and self-efficacy (1 RCT; MD = 4.4, 95% CI 2.77 to 6.03). Education/advice conferred less benefit than sham Kinesio taping for improving fear avoidance regarding physical activity (1 RCT, MD = 5.41, 95% CI 0.28 to 10.54). Compared with usual care, education/advice improved pain (1 RCT, MD = -2.10, 95% CI -3.13 to -1.07) and function (1 RCT, MD = -7.80, 95% CI -14.28 to -1.32). There was little or no difference between education/advice and comparisons for other outcomes. For all outcomes, the certainty of evidence was very low.

Conclusion
Education/advice in adults with CPLBP was associated with improvements in pain, function, HRQoL, and psychological outcomes, but with very low certainty.
Effects of HepaSphere microsphere encapsule epirubicin with a new loading method transarterial chemoembolization: in vitro and in vivo experiments
Authors: Zhang Wen , Du Nan , Wang Liangwen , Yu Jiaze , Yang Minjie , Zhang Wei , Qu Xvdong , Luo Jianjun , Yan Zhiping 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Methods
HS microspheres were loaded in a solution of hypertonic saline and contrast medium at different ratios. Morphology, size distribution, and drug loading capacity of the microsphere were evaluated. Rabbits with hepatic VX2 tumors underwent conventional TACE, drug-eluting beads TACE with HS microsphere loading epirubicin by recommended method (dTACE) or a new loading method (ndTACE). The plasma and tissue epirubicin concentration, tumor necrosis, and the microsphere distribution within the tumor were assessed.

Results
It was found that the mean diameter of HS microspheres was effectively reduced to 102 ± 14 μm after loading with 10.0% NaCl and Ultravist (370 mg I /mL) at a ratio of 2: 8 ml. The loading capacity reached 78.7%. It was noted that the concentration of tumor epirubicin was significantly higher (p = 0.016) in the ndTACE group (11,989.8 ± 5776.6 ng/g) than the concentration in the dTACE (6516.5 ± 3682.3 ng/g) and in cTACE groups (1564.1 ± 696.1 ng/g, p < 0.001). Further, the tumor necrosis in group with the new loading method (ndTACE) was 92.4%.

Conclusions
The size of HS microsphere can be effectively reduced when it is loaded with a mixture of hypertonic saline and non-ionic contrast material. HS microsphere loaded with epirubicin using the new method (ndTACE) can increase the drug concentration in tumor and hence exert better improved antitumor effect.
Investigation of daily patterns for smartphone keystroke dynamics based on loneliness and social isolation
Authors: Lim Seokbeen , Kim Chaeyeon , Cho Baek Hwan , Choi Soo-Hee , Lee Hyeongrae , Jang Dong Pyo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between loneliness levels and daily patterns of mobile keystroke dynamics in healthy individuals. Sixty-six young healthy Koreans participated in the experiment. Over five weeks, the participants used a custom Android keyboard. We divided the participants into four groups based on their level of loneliness (no loneliness, moderate loneliness, severe loneliness, and very severe loneliness). The very severe loneliness group demonstrated significantly higher typing counts during sleep time than the other three groups (one-way ANOVA, F = 3.75, p < 0.05). In addition, the average cosine similarity value of weekday and weekend typing patterns in the very severe loneliness group was higher than that in the no loneliness group (Welch’s t-test, t = 2.27, p < 0.05). This meant that the no loneliness group’s weekday and weekend typing patterns varied, whereas the very severe loneliness group’s weekday and weekend typing patterns did not. Our results indicated that individuals with very high levels of loneliness tended to use mobile keyboards during late-night hours and did not significantly change their smartphone usage behavior between weekdays and weekends. These findings suggest that mobile keystroke dynamics have the potential to be used for the early detection of loneliness and the development of targeted interventions.
Inclined Plane Shear Behaviour of a Recycled Construction and Demolition Material–Geocomposite Interface
Authors: Carneiro José Ricardo , Gomes Marisa , Vieira Castorina Silva 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOver the years, recycled construction and demolition (RC&D) materials have become useful and valuable construction materials. The applications of these materials have been increasing, and there are cases where they may be in contact with geosynthetics. This work, which is part of a broader investigation into the feasibility of replacing soils used in landfill final cover systems by RC&D materials, analysed the inclined plane shear behaviour of the interface between a fine-grained RC&D material and a drainage geocomposite. Inclined plane shear tests were performed with different vertical stresses and different compaction conditions (degree of compaction and water content) of the RC&D material. The friction angle at the RC&D material-geocomposite interface was estimated by two approaches: the standard and the one based on the Mohr–Coulomb failure envelope. The sliding mechanism of the RC&D material over the geocomposite was examined. For comparison with the RC&D material-geocomposite interface, the behaviour of the RC&D material under inclined plane shear movement was also characterised. The main findings of the work included: the friction angle (standard approach) at the RC&D material-geocomposite interface decreased by increasing the applied vertical stress and the RC&D material water content (with meaningful changes in the slinging mechanism in the latter case), and tended to increase by increasing the degree of compaction of the RC&D material; the behaviour of the RC&D material under inclined plane shear movement did not differ significantly from that of the RC&D material-geocomposite interface; the failure envelope approach was more conservative (smaller friction angles) than the standard approach.
Error approximation for backwards and simple continued fractions
Authors: Bjorklund Cameron , Litman Matthew 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we provide a new framework for studying continued fractions (CFs) by means of the backwards continued fraction (BCF). We develop an approximation theory for BCFs based on taking expansions of a fixed length, show the correspondence between continued fractions and their BCFs counterpart, and illustrate a rich approximation theory for continued fractions based off the methods of the approximation theory for the backwards case. In particular, we construct explicit functions that are sharp bounds for the BCF or CF error infinitely often over any BCF or CF cylinder set, and work out the details to pass seamlessly between the BCF and CF expansion of any real number.
Death in the Time of Pandemic: A Tuscan Cholera Cemetery at Benabbio (1855)
Authors: Fornaciari Antonio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCholera was one of the great killers of the 19th century. The pandemic waves that took place between 1823 and 1899 caused hundreds of thousands of deaths in the Mediterranean region and across Europe. However, the excavation of cholera cemeteries is very rare. This article presents the results of excavations at the cholera cemetery of Benabbio, a mountain village near Lucca (northwest Tuscany) in which cholera broke out in the late summer–early autumn of 1855, causing 46 deaths in a population of around 900 inhabitants. The excavation made it possible to detect for the first time the material characteristics of a cholera cemetery. The findings provide a new source for anthropologically reading the reaction of a community facing the mortality crisis, which fluctuated between acceptance of regulations imposed by the authorities and local strategies of resistance.