bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UPDATE OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS PART II
Authors: EI-Zawawi Heba 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an au toimmune demydinating disease of the cemral nervous system the aetiology of which remains so far unknown and which probably mvolves: .genetic, immune,_ inflammatory, as well as environmental factors. OBJECTIVES: A review of the current and past ltterature on multiple sclerosis to provide a concise and comprehensive educational resource mainly for postgraduate medica l students, but a lso for undergrad. uate med ical colleges students as well as other medical practioners and their patients. The aim being to present a simplified and clinically relevant summary of the main man ifestations, an_d ma~agement ofmulti~le sclerosis, with an update on cu rrent theories of pathophysiology, aetiology: a nd the basis behind the therapeutic agents used in current clinical practice. METHODS: The standard medical texts and journals relating lo MS were consulted as well as reliance on own experience of patients attending the teaching hospitals, and clinics in Benghazi Libya with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Local a nd worldwide epidemiological published data were also reviewed. RESULTS: The incidence of multiple sclerosis varies worldwide. Eastern Libya is an area of high risk MS incidence. The impor tance is emerging of a genetic role in the already known immune pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Diet and light have regained importance in the aetiology of the disease. Investigations are advancing and help to differentiate the
disease from other mimicking conditions. Biomarkers help to define diagnosis and determine prognosis. CONCLU SIONS: Multiple sclerosis is an important neurological disease with protean CNS manifestations which must be con sidered in the differential diagnosis of neurological symptoms at all ages: although commonly considered a disease of young people, especially females. A countrywide database may help to collate efforts and resources, as well as unify data regarding the number and presentation of patients, to assess their requirements.
قانون العقوبات بين الفكر المحافظ
Authors: سلامة د.مأمون 
Published: December 2023

اذا كان قانون العقوبات يمثل أقصى درجات الحماية التشريعية للقيم والمصالح الاجتماعية من وجهة نظر المشرع ، فمن الطبيعي أن يتأثر في سياسته الجنائية وأسلوبه في حل المشكلات القانونية بالأفكار الفلسفية والسياسية التي تقوم عليها الدولة . فالمشرع بوصفه معبرة عن القوة السياسية الدولة في جوانبها المتعددة يملى ارادته عن طريق التشريع الذي به يكفل الحماية الفعالة لمصالح المجتمع ، وعن طريقه يحقق الأهداف التي يراها صالحة لتطوير المجتمع . ومن أجل ذلك فإن تأثر التشريعات بالمدارس الفقهية المتباينة انما يتوقف على مدى مواءمة الفكر القانوني الذي نادت به مع الأهداف التي تسعى الدولة إلى تحقيقها .
وإذا كانت هذه الحقيقة هي التي قامت و تقوم عليها السياسة الجنائية في التشريعات المختلفة ، فإن دراسة الأفكار التي تقف وراء كل تشريع هو أمر لازم و ضروري لفهم الأبعاد المختلفة لتلك التشريعات خاصة اذا كنا قد تأثرنا ببعضها في قوانين الوضعية .
LA PROPRIÉTÉ DANS LA SOCIÉTÉ SOCIALISTE
Authors: JEANTIN M. 
Published: December 2023

La notion de propriété socialiste soulève un grand nombre difficultés. Outre que pour le juriste occidental la notion de opriété est plus ou moins inconsciemment perçe au travers de
seule propriété capitaliste, il est difficile de cerner avec préci on le contenu exact de cette notion. Cette difficulté est liée au it que chez les auteurs marxistes et chez Marx lui même, le rme de propriété n'est pas, comme chez les juristes bourgeois, 1 terme uniquement juridique. La propriété en effet, doit, d'un pint de vue marxiste, être envisagée dans deux directions. C'est i premier lieu une notion économique qui, d'ailleurs, revêt gnifications. Dans un sens large elle constitue l'ensemble des rela ons sociales de production; dans un sens étroit elle est « prémisse E condition de la production ». Autrement dit elle traduit la Osition de chaque personne, de chaque individu par rapport, ux moyens de production considérés comme leur étant « propres ».
’est en second lieu une notion juridique qui traduit l'idée d'une églementation des rapports économiques par le système juridique t ceci sous la forme d'un droit de propriété.
Oral Health Related Quality of Life Among Libyan Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: El-Refadi Roba , Greiw Azza , Herwis Khadija 
Published: December 2023

Background: In Libya, assessments of oral health needs were entirely based on traditional clinical measures which failed to identify the perceived impact of oral disorders within population.
Objectives: This study intended to study the association of Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHQoL) and some of the demographic factors and to reveal out the effect of oral health on the life of Libyan adults among Libyan adults
accessing private and government health services.
Subjects and Methods: A random sample of 778 adults aged 18-65years, from the outpatient department of private and governmental clinics/hospitals in Benghazi, were subjected to structured questionnaire comprising the Arabic version of the UK-Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHQoL-UK).
Results: 63.5% of the participants were females, 36.5% were males. Mean age of the participants were 35 SD±12 years.53.1% of the respondents were from private clinics and hospitals, while 46.9% were from governmental hospitals. There were no significance differences between both clinical setting attainders regarding physical, psychological and social aspects.
Conclusion: The present research found that Libyan adults do not perceive many effects and only perceive moderate impact on their lives, as influenced by oral health. The present study also found that the demographic characteristics of gender influenced their perceptions of effects and impact on oral health.
Effect of Soft-start Curing Mode on Postoperative Hypersensitivity of Class I Posterior Composites Restorations
Authors: Betamar Naeima , Shah Rupal 
Published: December 2023

Objectives: To evaluate the occurrence of postoperative hypersensitivity (POH) in Class I posterior composite restorations comparing the soft-start with the constant light curing modes. Materials and Methods: Seventy patients with each having contra lateral class I occlusal caries lesions in premolars and molars teeth were participated. 140 class I cavity preparations were restored with Adper™ Single Bond 2 adhesive and Filtek™ Z250 XT resin composite (3M-ESPE). For each patient, one restoration was cured with soft-start mode and the contralateral restoration was cured with constant curing modes using Light Emitting Diode (LED) curing light. POH to various stimuli was evaluated at week 1, 4, and 13 post-treatment using Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data were collected and analyzed by Chi-Square and Fischer Exact tests.
Results: No statistical significant differences were observed between the two curing modes (soft-start or constant) in occurrence of postoperative hypersensitivity (P>0.05). Out of 140 restorations that were placed, only two (1.4 %) restorations reported POH to cold stimuli at week 1 post-treatment, being in mild; VAS=3 for soft-start and moderate; VAS=5 for constant light curing mode. No POH was reported at week 4 and 13 for soft-start or constant curing modes.
Conclusion: Soft-start curing mode did not show any difference in occurrence of POH in class I posterior composite restorations when compared with constant curing mode.
Radiographic Assessment of Distomolar Prevalence in Patients Attending to Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi
Authors: Areibi Aisha , Buzaribah Khadeejah , Eltira Aziza , Ali Fowziya 
Published: December 2023

Background: Extra teeth are usually seen in any area of mandible and maxilla. The distomolar is an extra
tooth that occurs in both jaws distal to the third molar, where various studies pointed to assess the occur-rence of distomolars in various people. Objectives: Aimed to estimate the frequency of distomolars in teeth
of patient attending to Faculty of Dentistry, University of BenghaziMethods: A total of 3989 panoramic radiographs were examined for patient’s age ranged from 20 yearsand above. The presences, location and shape of distomolars were studied. There were 1432 women and2557 men. Results: The outcomes of the study showed that distomolars were detected in 0.18% of theexamined people. The extra teeth were noticed in both genders with frequency 0.08% in men and 0.10%in women. In total, 9 extra teeth were detected in 7 patients. Upper jaw distomolars were more frequentlyobserved than lower one. Distomolars in both quadrants of the jaw were found in one female patient andtwo distomolars were found in another one. All distomolars were impacted.Conclusions: Even though the occurrence of the extra teeth is a little, initial exploration and managementare significantly diminish or avoid problems, such as late eruption, non-eruption of teeth, ectopic eruption,abnormal root development or resorption of neighbouring teeth, crowding and cystic lesions.
Lateral Odontogenic Keratocyst Clinically Diagnosed as a Dentigerous Cyst (A case report and literature review)
Authors: Haroun Ghada , Elmurtadi Ali 
Published: December 2023

Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) has been an area of considerable research over the last decades owing to its unique behavior, debated origin, distinctive tendency to recur, and argued nature. In 2005, WHO has adopted the designation of keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) because of its aggressive nature and tendency to recur, so, it has been long been considered as a benign jaw neoplasm rather than a cyst, though the last classification has returned the OKC back to cyst category. It is not uncommon for OKC to be clinically and radiographically identical to dentigerous cyst which makes the initial diagnosis rather confusing; however, in our reported case another interesting and an unusual feature was the arrival of an intact cyst attached to the neck of an impacted tooth which has further drawn the attention toward the dentigerous cyst, particularly the lateral type. The final diagnosis was made following the microscopic examination of the surgical specimen which was almost convincing and consistent with OKC. The clinical, radiological and histological features of this pathological entity along with brief relevant studies have been discussed.
Influence of Different Placement Techniques of Bulk-fill Resin Composite on Microleakage of Class II Cavity Preparation
Authors: Bubteina Nagat , I. Faraj Manal , M. Betamar Naeima 
Published: December 2023

Aim: To evaluate the microleakage at the gingival seat of the class II cavity restored with bulk-fill resin composite using different placement techniques.
Materials and Methods: Two standardized class II cavities (MO and DO) were prepared in forty sound extracted human premolars. The cervical margin of the proximal box is located at 1 mm occlusal to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ). The prepared teeth were divided into four groups of 10 teeth each (n=20 cavities) and restored with Tetric N-Bond total-etch adhesive, followed by resin composite, Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-fill placed in four different techniques: GpI; as bulk-fill in a single increment, GpII; horizontal layering, GpIII; oblique (wedge-shaped) layering, GpIV; vertical layering. All restored teeth were stored in distilled water for 24h at 37ºC, thermocycled, and then soaked in 2% methylene blue dye for 24h. Teeth were then sectioned for microleakage evaluation using a stereomicroscope. Data were collected and statistically analyzed. Two specimens from each group were selected at random and examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) for marginal adaptation of restoration.
Results: No statistically significant differences in the microleakage score were observed between the four placement techniques (P=0.610). However, bulk placement had the highest mean and median score (3.0 ±1.45&4). The horizontal, oblique, and vertical techniques had lower scores than bulk placement (2.30±1.81, 2.6±1.66, 2.45±1.61) respectively.
Conclusions: Microleakage could not be eliminated by any of the tested placement techniques. Incremental placement techniques showed a lower score of microleakage compared with the bulk placement. The horizontal layering of bulk-fill composite showed the best results in terms of the marginal seal with tooth structure.
An Implementation of Fuzzy Logic Technique to Predict the Material Removal Rate in Abrasive Water Jet Machining Process
Authors: Elmabrok Omar , Badi Abdel 
Published: December 2023

In this study, the material removal rate values, obtained using machining abrasive water jet (AWJM), were modelled using fuzzy logic. The input variables considered are pressure, abrasive flow rate, orifice diameter, focusing tube diameter and standoff distance while the output variable was material removal rate (MRR). Fuzzy logic was developed using Matlab 2013.The mean absolute percentage errors (MAPE) of the predicted values was employed to compare the results with the previously published results obtained using response surface method technique. . The results showed that the predictive model using fuzzy logic model has reduced the errors by 0.28%, which means, using fuzzy logic model to predict material removal rate is sufficiently accurate.
Bloques de concreto con adición de ceniza de caña de azúcar y concreto reciclado en Lambayeque, Perú
Authors: Roman Neira Ader Disney , Mendoza Rojas Guzman 
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar las propiedades de resistencia a la compresión, flexión y tracción de bloques de concreto convencionales y adicionados con ceniza de caña de azúcar más escombrera (CCAE); la dosis de remplazo es respecto al peso en proporciones de 0%, 5%, 10% y 15% respectivamente, el estudio es experimental, la población muestra fue 180 bloques de concreto, los instrumentos como medio fueron moldes y equipos de laboratorio de suelos. El resultado es una resistencia a la compresión de 51.08, 42.58, 53.79 y 46.23 Kg/cm2 respectivamente a los 28 días, resistencia a la flexión de 5.80, 4.44, 6.19, 5.22 kg/cm2 respectivamente a los 28 días y una resistencia a la tracción de 1.03, 0.91, 1.09, 0.96 kg/cm2 respectivamente a los 28 días, la ceniza y el concreto reciclado tienen una influencia del 10%. Finalmente, obtuvimos que la adición del 10% de CCACR tiene mejores resultados respecto a la muestra estándar (0% de CCACR), además cumple con norma E.070 de albañilería pudiendo trabajar como bloque no portante y portante.
Modelling the energy demand of a residential building using an artificial neural network (ANN) approach
Authors: Soufiane Boukarta , Ahmad Nia Hourakhsh 
Published: December 2023

The consumption of fossil fuels accelerates and accentuates the formation and development of the climate change phenomenon. Understanding the energy demand in the early-stage design could lead to more energy savings. There are several methods for predicting buildings energy demand and they differ overall in terms of prediction quality. The multicollinearity of variables, linearity, and other conditions limit the predictive quality of standard models such as linear regression modeling. This paper is interested in developing an energy demand prediction tool based on artificial neural network modeling ANN to test its limitations and its predictive quality. For this purpose, and based on the scientific literature, a panel of parameters often used by architects at the time of architectural design was selected, which are, the thermal resistance of the external walls, the type, and rate of glazing, the orientation, the shading devices the set point cooling PMV and natural ventilation rate schedule. A campaign of 600 dynamic thermal simulations is then run under energy plus using the Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) approach. The best ANN model obtained after testing several activating functions gave a prediction potential of over 99.7%. The model also ranks each parameter according to its importance in the equation identifying the energy demand. It can therefore be assumed that the artificial neural network technique is effective and the ANN outperforms the other prediction methods.
MR imaging differences between Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: A single institutional study in a tertiary referral centre in Sri Lanka.
Authors: Muthukumarasamy M. N. , De Silva Y. A. P. , Lokubalasooriya C. 
Published: December 2023

Background and objectives- Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD) are the commonest demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system with overlapping clinical and radiological features, leading to frequent misinterpretation. This study aimed to describe neuroimaging features for differentiating MS and NMOSD and also comparing NMOSD subcategories.Methods- A cross sectional study was conducted at a single tertiary referral center in Sri Lanka. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of 82 MS and 36 NMOSD patients were prospectively evaluated by a fourth-year resident under the supervision of consultant radiologists and were analyzed using standard descriptive statistical tests. Results- Statistical analyses indicated significance (p<0.05) in distinguishing both entities (MS and 36 NMOSD) across lesions in periventricular, subcortical, intracortical, inferior temporal, corpus callosum, and infratentorial locations by MRI. Dawson finger lesions, U fibers, calloso-septal interface involvement and T1 black holes indicated MS, whereas linear ependymal lesions suggested NMOSD. In the spinal cord, peripherally located short-segment lesions were significant for MS (p=0.000) and longitudinally extensive lesions involving central grey matter (p=0.000) pointed towards NMOSD. There was only a slight variation in lesion distribution between cervical and thoracic cord. MS showed more brain parenchymal volume loss while spinal cord atrophy was higher in NMOSD. Symmetry and location of the optic pathway lesions reinforced the differentiation.Conclusion- Comprehensive analyses support the use of neuroimaging in distinguishing between NMOSD and MS. However, further multicentric longitudinal studies are required to differentiate NMOSD phenotypes.
Analysis of anatomical variations of the Cystic Duct in Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography&nbsp;&nbsp;
Authors: Rathnayaka P. G. R. S. , Dassanayake Y. B. , Pallewatte A. S. 
Published: December 2023

Background and objectives- Anatomical variants of the cystic duct (CD) are important be identified and described in the radiological report. This facilitates proper interpretation of the pathological process related to the biliary tree. Also, prior information is important before surgical, percutaneous and endoscopic interventional procedures related to the biliary tree, to avoid inadvertent complications and for successful outcomes. Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)is the best non-invasive imaging modality in detecting anatomy of the non-dilated cystic duct. This study was carried out to demonstrate imaging appearance of the cystic duct and its anatomical variants detected on MRCP and to document their prevalence in the study group. Methods- This is a single centre retrospective cross-sectional study including all consecutive patients who underwent MRCP form May 2020 to May 2021 at the neurosurgical MRI unit at National Hospital of Sri Lanka. Patients who had undergone cholecystectomies and images with poor quality were excluded.Results- Total 180 MRCP studies were analysed. Normally inserting CD to the lateral aspect of the Common Hepatic Duct (CHD) was observed in 127cases out of 180 (70.5%). 10(5.5%) demonstrated high inserting CD.12(6.6%) cases demonstrated low inserting CD.3(1.6%) had short CD. Parallel course of CD was noted in 12(6.6%). Low and medially inserting CD was present in 4(2.2%) cases. Anterior insertion was demonstrated in 5(2.7%) cases, and posterior insertion was demonstrated in 7(3.8%). Conclusion- Anatomical variants of the CD observed in our study group were comparable to reported frequencies, however posterior insertion was lesser than that found in literature.
Case Report: Gastrointestinal Basidiobolomycosis in a Young Girl with Cystic Fibrosis and Celiac Disease
Authors: Tadayon Ali , Azh Omid Reza , Poor Khosravani Mostafa , Hamzavi Seyedeh Sedigheh , Yarmahmoodi Fatemeh , Yeganeh Babak Shirazi , Ghasemian Mehdi 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT.
Basidiobolomycosis is an uncommon fungal infection that has been reported in the literature mainly as a cause of infection in the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Intraabdominal infections have been reported in tropical and subtropical areas in the Middle East, such as Iran and Saudi Arabia, and in the United States. Our patient was a 6-year-old girl with cystic fibrosis and celiac disease who was referred to our department with a history of chronic abdominal pain. In the imaging studies of the abdomen and pelvis, a large retroperitoneal mass was reported in the right upper part of the abdomen with involvement of the duodenum and the mesentery of the small and large intestines, as well as the superior mesenteric vessels, and was diagnosed as basidiobolomycosis through biopsy. Because of the large unresectable mass, the patient was first treated with antifungal drugs for 2 months and then surgical resection was performed. The main point in the management of these patients is a combination of antifungal therapy and surgical resection. In some patients, complex surgeries such as the Whipple procedure may be performed to appropriately manage intraabdominal infections.
Comment l’intensification des échanges de biens redessine les espaces et redéfinit l’exercice du pouvoir politique
Authors: Beyer Antoine 
Published: December 2023

The reorganization of flows is transforming geographical spaces by redefining the layouts and hierarchies of places. Logistics combines economic processes and their political framework and now appears as a central issue in planning. Whereas research has been able to focus on technical devices or economic choices, the conference invites the participants to highlight logistics as an instrument of geographical governance and a political issue, in a global, in a macro-regional and in a metropolitan perspective.
La réorganisation des flux transforme les espaces, redéfinit leurs agencements et leurs hiérarchies. Au croisement des processus économiques et mais aussi de son encadrement politique, la logistique apparaît désormais comme un enjeu central d’aménagement.
Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của u xơ tử cung đến kết quả thụ tinh trong ống nghiệm
Authors: Võ Thị Ngọc Ánh , Lê Minh Tâm 
Published: December 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá ảnh hưởng của u xơ tử cung đến kết quả thụ tinh trong ống nghiệm.
Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 91 chu kỳ thụ tinh trong ống nghiệm ở bệnh nhân vô sinh có u xơ tử cung và 182 chu kỳ ở nhóm chứng tại Trung tâm Nội tiết Sinh sản và Vô sinh, Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y - Dược Huế từ tháng 5/2021 đến tháng 6/2023.
Kết quả: Nhóm u xơ tử cung có tỷ lệ làm tổ (27,47% so với 40,29%, p = 0,022), tỷ lệ thai lâm sàng (35,2% so với 49,5%, p = 0,025), tỷ lệ thai diễn tiến (30,8% so với 43,4%, p = 0,044) thấp hơn so với nhóm chứng. Tuy nhiên không có sự khác biệt về tỷ lệ sẩy thai giữa hai nhóm. U xơ tử cung trong cơ và u xơ tử cung dưới niêm mạc có tỷ lệ làm tổ (25,69% và 12,96%) và tỷ lệ thai lâm sàng (31,2% và 22,2%) thấp hơn nhóm chứng (p < 0,05), tuy nhiên u xơ tử cung dưới thanh mạc không ảnh hưởng đến kết quả thụ tinh trong ống nghiệm. U xơ tử cung có đường kính lớn nhất ≥ 3 cm làm giảm tỷ lệ thai lâm sàng, trong khi những khối u có kích thước < 3 cm không ảnh hưởng đến kết quả thụ tinh trong ống nghiệm.
Kết luận: U xơ tử cung làm giảm tỷ lệ làm tổ, tỷ lệ thai lâm sàng và tỷ lệ thai diễn tiến ở bệnh nhân vô sinh điều trị thụ tinh trong ống nghiệm. U xơ tử cung dưới niêm mạc và u xơ tử cung trong cơ, các khối u có kích thước ≥ 3 cm làm giảm tỷ lệ thai lâm sàng, tuy nhiên u xơ tử cung dưới thanh mạc, các khối u kích thước < 3 cm không ảnh hưởng đến kết quả thụ tinh trong trong ống nghiệm.