bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Nine‐Coordinated ZrIV Complex and a Self‐Assembling System Obtained from a Proton Transfer Compound Containing 2,6‐Pyridinedicarboxylate and 2,6‐Pyridinediammonium; Synthesis and X‐ray Crystal Structure
Authors: Aghabozorg Hossein , Moghimi Abolghasem , Manteghi Faranak , Ranjbar Maryam 
Published: March 2005

AbstractStarting with a zirconium salt and LH2, (pydaH2)2+(pydc)2−, (pyda=2, 6‐pyridinediamine; pydcH2=2,6‐pyridinedicarboxylic acid), as a 1:1 proton transfer self‐associated compound, two different compounds were resulted. One of them is a new complex of ZrIV with a flat pyridine containing ligand and structure of (pydaH)2[Zr(pydc)3] · 5H2O (1) and the other, (pydaH)+(NO3)− (2) is an ion pair with no zirconium ion. The zirconium(IV) complex (1) is crystallized in triclinic system with ${\rm P}{\bar 1}$ space group and Z = 2, the crystallographic parameters are: a = 10.612(5) Å, b = 10.617(5) Å, c = 16.815(8) Å, α = 103.654(9)°, β = 95.821(9)°, γ = 98.891(9)° and R‐value for 16767 collected reflections is 0.0592. The ion pair (2) has crystals of monoclinic system with P21 space group and Z = 2. Its crystallographic parameters are: a = 3.6227(11) Å, b = 10.034(4) Å, c = 10.296(4) Å, β = 93.422(9)° and R‐value for 4031 collected reflections is 0.0521. The two compounds were characterized with elemental analysis, ESI/MS, NMR and IR spectroscopy.
[Pb2(AMP)2(μ‐X)2X2], X = Br− and I−, AMP = 2‐aminomethylpyridine, Two New Dimeric Lead(II) Complexes Extended in One‐dimensional Helical Chain Polymers by Noncovalent π–π‐stacking
Authors: Payheghader Mahmood , Morsali Ali , Hertle Ivonne , Kempe Rhett 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe two lead(II) complexes [Pb2(AMP)2(μ‐X)2X2], X = Br−, I− and AMP = 2‐aminomethylpyridine, have been synthesized and characterized. Self‐assembly of these compounds in the solid state via π–π‐stacking interactions is discussed.
Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structure of 4‐Amino‐1,2,4‐Δ2‐triazoline‐5‐thione and its Silver(I) Complex
Authors: Yazdanbakhsh Mohammad , Hakimi Mohammad , Heravi Majid M. , Ghassemzadeh Mitra , Neumüller Bernhard 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe reaction of 4‐amino‐1,2,4‐Δ2‐triazoline‐5‐thione (ATT, 1) with AgNO3 in methanol led to the complex [Ag(ATT)2]NO3 (2). 2 was characterized by elemental analyses, 1H NMR, IR, and Raman spectroscopy as well as single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The molecular structure of 1 was also determined by single crystal X‐ray analysis. Crystal data for 1 at −80 C: space group C2/c with a = 2107.4(2), b = 1425.1(1), c = 688.4(1) pm, β = 104.55(1)°, Z = 16, R1 = 0.0514, crystal data for 2 at −80 °C: space group P21/c with a = 675.7(1), b = 1321.1(1), c = 1311.2(1) pm, β = 90.03(1)°, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0437.
A Series of New Molybdenum(VI) Complexes with the ONS Donor Thiosemicarbazone Ligands
Authors: Vrdoljak V. , Cindrić M. , Matković‐C̆alogović D. , Prugovec̆ki B. , Novak P. , Kamenar B. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractNew dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes were obtained by the reaction of [MoO2(acac)2] with 4‐phenylthiosemicarbazone ligands derived from salicylaldehyde, 2‐hydroxy‐1‐naphthaldehyde, 2‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxybenzaldehyde or from 4‐(diethylamino)salicylaldehyde. In all complexes the ligands are coordinated to molybdenum as tridentate ONS‐donors through phenolic‐oxygen, imine‐nitrogen and thiol‐sulphur. Octahedral coordination of each Mo atom is completed either by one neutral donor molecule (D) or by the oxygen atom of the Mo=O unit from the neighbouring molecule. All compounds were characterized by means of chemical analysis, IR spectroscopy, TG and in some cases by DSC measurements, some of them by X‐ray crystallography, and by one and two‐dimensional NMR method.
3‐(Arylhydrazono)pentane‐2, 4‐diones and their Complexes with Copper(II) and Nickel(II) — Synthesis and Crystal Structures
Authors: Marten J. , Seichter W. , Weber E. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractA series of new 3‐(arylhydrazono)pentane‐2, 4‐diones (1‐6) synthesized from pentane‐2, 4‐dione and diazonium salts of respective anilines using the procedure of Japp‐Klingemann are described. Complexes with CuII and NiII salts are prepared (7‐10, respectively). Spectroscopic properties of these compounds have been studied and X‐ray crystal structures of selected hydrazones (3, 4, 6) and of the hydrazone complexes (7‐10) are reported. The structures of the uncomplexed hydrazones feature an intramolecular N‐H···O interaction to yield a six‐membered H‐bond ring reflecting preference of the hydrazone tautomeric structure. All the complexes are mononuclear 2:1 (L:M) structures of six‐membered chelate type involving N2O2 binding sites that are quadratic arranged but differ in the entire coordination environment dependent on the metal and the ligand substitution including distorted octahedral and quadratic pyramidal coordination geometries in the CuII complexes 7 and 8 or nearly regular square planar coordination geometry in the NiII complexes 9 and 10, respectively. In the crystal packings, strong and weak H‐bond interactions cause supramolecular network structures.
First‐Principles Electronic Structure, Chemical Bonding, and High‐Pressure Phase Prediction of the Oxynitrides of Vanadium, Niobium, and Tantalum
Authors: Lumey Marck‐Willem , Dronskowski Richard 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe oxynitrides of vanadium, niobium and tantalum were investigated by density‐functional theory (LDA & GGA; plane waves & muffin – tin orbitals; pseudopotentials & all‐electron approaches). We propose a high‐pressure synthesis of stoichiometric VON beyond 12 GPa, and the unknown phase is predicted to be a small band‐gap semiconductor. Its structure is of the baddeleyite type which is also adapted by the higher homologues, TaON and NbON, at ambient pressure. Further, the high‐pressure phases of NbON and TaON were studied and phase transitions into the cotunnite type are predicted to occur at approximately 27 and 31 GPa, respectively. Electronic‐structure calculations on these high‐pressure phases show that TaON is a small band‐gap semiconductor whereas NbON appears to be a metallic conductor.
(Mis)alignments in Counseling for Huntington's Disease Predictive Testing: Clients’ Responses to Reflective Frames
Authors: Sarangi Srikant , Bennert Kristina , Howell Lucy , Clarke Angus , Harper Peter , Gray Jonathon 
Published: March 2005

AbstractAs a sequel to an earlier paper (Sarangi et al., 2004. J Genet Couns, 13(2), 135–155) examining genetic counselors’ initiation of reflective frames, in this paper we analyze the variable ways in which clients respond to such reflective frames in the clinical setting. Of the six types of reflective questions identified, we focus on two types, which recur throughout the counseling protocol: (i) questions about clients’ decisions to have genetic testing and (ii) questions exploring the potential impact of a positive or negative test result. The analytic focus here is on the mismatches surrounding clients’ apparent readiness to discuss coping with the onset of disease (risk of disease) when they have been asked to discuss coping with genetic test results (risk of knowing). Our theoretical discussion is centered around the notion of alignment as a framework for locating the convergence and divergence of counselors’ and clients’ agendas in interaction. Drawing on detailed transcripts of 24 Huntington's Disease counseling consultations in South Wales, we analyze 119 counselor–client question–response sequences using the methodology of discourse analysis. Preliminary coding of clients’ responses led us to identify three recurrent themes: (a) gaining knowledge as a basis for future action; (b) needing to know as a subjective necessity; and (c) downplaying what can be known. In a further analysis of extended data extracts, we draw attention to how clients display varying degrees of engagement with regard to the testing process and outcomes along the temporal and social axes. At one extreme, clients may take up the opportunity to engage in self‐reflection, and thus endorse the legitimacy of the reflective frame. At the other extreme, clients may implicitly or explicitly challenge the relevance of self‐reflection, and hence the usefulness of this counselor‐initiated routine. We suggest that clients’ varied response behaviors result from the perceived need of some clients to display their ‘readiness’ for predictive testing—an overarching ‘meta‐question’ posed by the very existence of the counseling protocol.
Echocardiographic ejection fraction in patients with acute heart failure: correlations with hemodynamic, clinical, and neurohormonal measures and short‐term outcome
Authors: Uriel Nir , Torre‐Amione Guillermo , Milo Olga , Kaluski Edo , Perchenet Loïc , Blatt Alex , Kobrin Isaac , Turnovski Arkadi , Kaplan Shoshana , Rainisio Maurizio , Frey Aline , Vered Zvi , Cotter Gad 
Published: March 2005

AbstractBackgroundAlthough echocardiographic ejection fraction (EF) is frequently used for the estimation of left ventricular contractility in patients with acute heart failure, its exact role and correlations with clinical, hemodynamic, and neurohormonal variables of cardiac contractility is not known.MethodsPatients (343) with acute heart failure, enrolled into two prospective placebo‐controlled hemodynamic studies of tezosentan, and in whom EF was available at baseline, were included. Outcome was evaluated in a subset of 94 patients who were enrolled in the placebo arms of the studies.ResultsHigher echocardiographic EF was correlated with older age, increased incidence of hypertension and atrial fibrillation, and female gender. We observed weak correlation between EF and cardiac output or cardiac power and no correlation with wedge pressure, and the change in hemodynamic variables over time. Higher EF was correlated with more baseline leukocytosis and higher plasma levels of endothelin‐1 and blood urea nitrogen, while lower EF was related to higher baseline B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP). We observed no overall correlations between EF and outcome.ConclusionsIn patients with acute heart failure, echocardiographic EF is weakly correlated with hemodynamic measures of left ventricular contractility and outcome; hence, it should be interpreted cautiously when evaluating patients admitted due to acute heart failure.
Anthropogenic Effects on Forest Ecosystems at Various Spatio-Temporal Scales
Authors: Bredemeier Michael 
Published: March 2005

The focus in this review of long-term effects on forest ecosystems is on human impact. As a classification of this differentiated and complex matter, three domains of long-term effects with different scales in space and time are distinguished: 1- Exploitation and conversion history of forests in areas of extended human settlement 2- Long-range air pollution and acid deposition in industrialized regions 3- Current global loss of forests and soil degradation.There is an evident link between the first and the third point in the list. Cultivation of primary forestland — with its tremendous effects on land cover — took place in Europe many centuries ago and continued for centuries. Deforestation today is a phenomenon predominantly observed in the developing countries, yet it threatens biotic and soil resources on a global scale. Acidification of forest soils caused by long-range air pollution from anthropogenic emission sources is a regional to continental problem in industrialized parts of the world. As a result of emission reduction legislation, atmospheric acid deposition is currently on the retreat in the richer industrialized regions (e.g., Europe, U.S., Japan); however, because many other regions of the world are at present rapidly developing their polluting industries (e.g., China and India), “acid rain” will most probably remain a serious ecological problem on regional scales. It is believed to have caused considerable destabilization of forest ecosystems, adding to the strong structural and biogeochemical impacts resulting from exploitation history.Deforestation and soil degradation cause the most pressing ecological problems for the time being, at least on the global scale. In many of those regions where loss of forests and soils is now high, it may be extremely difficult or impossible to restore forest ecosystems and soil productivity. Moreover, the driving forces, which are predominantly of a demographic and socioeconomic nature, do not yet seem to be lessening in strength. It can only be hoped that a wise policy of international cooperation and shared aims can cope with this problem in the future.
Can Drug–Drug Interactions Be Predicted fromIn VitroStudies?
Authors: Kremers Pierre 
Published: March 2005

Potential drug–drug interactions as well as drug–xenobiotic interactions are a major source of clinical problems, sometimes with dramatic consequences. Investigation of drug–drug interactions during drug development is a major concern for the drug companies while developing new drugs.Our knowledge of the drug-metabolising enzymes, their mechanism of action, and their regulation has made considerable progress during the last decades. Various efficientin vitroapproaches have been developed during recent years and powerful computer-based data handling is becoming widely available. All these tools allow us to initiate, early in the development of new chemical entities, large-scale studies on the interactions of drugs with selective cytochrome P-450 (CYP) isozymes, drug receptors, and other cellular entities. Standardisation and validation of these methodological approaches significantly improve the quality of the data generated and the reliability of their interpretation.The simplicity and the low costs associated with the use ofin vitrotechniques have made them a method of choice to investigate drug–drug interactions. Promising successes have been achieved in the extrapolation of in vitro data to thein vivosituation and in the prediction of drug–drug interaction. Nevertheless, linkingin vitroandin vivostudies still remains fraught with difficulties and should be made with great caution.
Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) in Cerebrovascular Disease
Authors: Edvinsson Lars 
Published: March 2005

Cerebral blood vessels are innervated by sensory nerves that store several neurotransmitters among which calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is the most abundant. In primary headaches, there is a clear association between the head pain and the release of CGRP. In cluster headache there is an additional release of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP).In connection with administration of triptans, the headache subsides and the neuropeptide release normalises, in part via a presynaptic effect.In subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), CGRP is released to counterbalance the blood-induced vasospasm. In severe cases, the stored CGRP may be exhausted while infusion of CGRP may limit cerebral vasospasm. Thus, interactions with the trigeminovascular system at CGRP receptors may be a useful target for understanding of cerebrovascular disease and to design novel treatments.
Use of Thermodynamic Orientors to Assess the Efficiency of Ecosystems: A Case Study in the Lagoon of Venice
Authors: Bastianoni Simone 
Published: March 2005

So-called orientors have been introduced at the interface between ecology and thermodynamics. Two have been chosen here to compare the characteristics of five ecological systems: exergy, which is related to the degree of organization of a system and represents the biogeochemical energy of a system, and emergy, which is defined as the total amount of solar energy directly or indirectly required to generate a product or a service. They represent two complementary aspects of a system: the actual state and the past work needed to reach that state. The ratio of exergy to the emergy flow indicates the efficiency of an ecosystem in producing or maintaining its organization.The main system under study is a portion of the Venice Lagoon, which is used as a fish farming basin. Four other aquatic ecosystems were considered for comparison. Results show that the ecosystem within the Venice Lagoon is the one with the highest efficiency in transforming the available inputs in organization of the system. This fact is due to human intervention, which is very limited but also very effective.
Early Discharge after Delivery. A Study of Safety and Risk Factors
Authors: Zimmerman Deena R. , Klinger Gil , Merlob Paul 
Published: March 2005

The increased frequency of early discharge of newborns has led to questions of its safety. Most studies have looked at mortality and rehospitalization, not all missed diagnoses. The purpose of this study was to determine diagnoses in newborn infants that would have been missed if the infant had been discharged in <24 h. The design was a cohort study at Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Campus (average monthly deliveries 1996 [250], 1997 [500]), a university-affiliated community hospital with all in-born term (≥37 weeks) infants born September through November 1996 and June 1997.The main outcome measures were medical diagnoses (except trivial physical descriptions) noted at discharge (generally at ≥48 h) exam, not noted on admission exam (<24 h).The results showed that 54 infants (5.1%) had diagnoses that were not detected before the infant was 24 h of age. The leading diagnosis was hyperbilirubinemia. Other potentially missed diagnoses included congenital heart disease (n = 10), morbidity of birth trauma (n = 9), metabolic disturbances (n = 2), hip dislocation (n = 1), suspected sepsis (n = 2), excessive weight loss (n = 2), polycythemia (n = 2), inguinal hernia (n = 1), and abducens paresis (n = 1).It is concluded that diagnoses can be missed by discharging infants in 24 h or less. These diagnoses have the potential for adverse sequela. Even if early discharge is felt to be cost effective, parents should be counseled that it is not risk free. Better mechanisms should be put in place for assuring the safety of such infants.
A parasitism gene from a plant‐parasitic nematode with function similar to CLAVATA3/ESR (CLE) of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: WANG XIAOHONG , MITCHUM MELISSA G. , GAO BINGLI , LI CHUNYING , DIAB HANANE , BAUM THOMAS J. , HUSSEY RICHARD S. , DAVIS ERIC L. 
Published: March 2005

SUMMARYThe Hg‐SYV46 parasitism gene is expressed exclusively in the dorsal oesophageal gland cell of parasitic stages of the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, and it encodes a secretory protein that contains a C‐terminal motif of the CLAVATA3/ESR‐related (CLE) family in Arabidopsis thaliana. In shoot and floral meristems of Arabidopsis, the stem cells secret CLV3, a founding member of the CLE protein family, that activates the CLV1/CLV2 receptor complex and negatively regulates WUSCHEL expression to restrict the size of the stem cell population. Mis‐expression of Hg‐SYV46 in Arabidopsis (ecotype Columbia‐0) under control of the CaMV35S promoter resulted in a wus‐like phenotype including premature termination of the shoot apical meristem and the development of flowers lacking the central gynoecium. The wus‐like phenotype observed was similar to reports of over‐expression of CLV3 and CLE40 in Arabidopsis, as was down‐regulation of WUS expression in the shoot apices of 35S::Hg‐SYV46/Col‐0 plants. Expression of 35S::Hg‐SYV46 in a clv3‐1 mutant of Arabidopsis was able partially or fully to rescue the mutant phenotype, probably dependent upon localization and level of transgene expression. A short root phenotype, as reported for over‐expression of CLV3, CLE40 and CLE19 in roots, was also produced in primary 35S::Hg‐SYV46/Col‐0 transgenic plants. The results suggest a functional similarity of HG‐SYV46 to plant‐secreted CLE ligands that may play a role in the differentiation or division of feeding cells induced in plant roots by parasitic nematodes.
High tissue expression of tumour‐associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) associates with a more favourable prognosis in gastric cancer
Authors: Wiksten J‐P , Lundin J , Nordling S , Kokkola A , Stenman U‐H , Haglund C 
Published: March 2005

Aims : The tumour‐associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) is a 6‐kDa protease inhibitor with potential inhibitory effects on tissue degradation. In serum, increased levels have been associated with adverse prognosis in different forms of cancer. We assessed the tumour tissue expression and prognostic value of TATI in a surgically treated, single‐institution series of patients with gastric cancer.Methods and results : Using a monoclonal anti‐TATI antibody, immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tumour specimens from 336 patients. TATI expression was observed in 265 (79%) of the tumours. There was a significant association between high TATI expression and low stage (P = 0.007), superficial tumours (P = 0.005), and absence of nodal (P = 0.015) and of distant metastases (P = 0.022). In univariate analysis, patients with high TATI expression had a significantly more favourable 5‐year cumulative survival compared with patients with negative to moderate immunostaining (43% and 28%, respectively, P = 0.006). On multivariate survival analysis stratified for estimated cure of surgery, stage (P < 0.0001) and age (P = 0.022) at the time of surgery were independent prognostic factors.Conclusions : High TATI expression in tumour tissue was detected more frequently in patients with early‐stage gastric cancer and seems to correlate with a favourable outcome.
Expression of D2‐40 in lymphatic endothelium of normal tissues and in vascular tumours
Authors: Fukunaga M 
Published: March 2005

Aims : To evaluate the expression of D2‐40 in normal lymphatic endothelium and vascular tumours or tumour‐like lesions of the skin and soft tissue. D2‐40 is a novel monoclonal antibody to a Mr 40 000 O‐linked sialoglycoprotein that reacts with a fixation‐resistant epitope in lymphatic endothelium.Methods and results : Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded sections from 30 normal tissue samples, including skin, soft tissue, stomach, and colon, and 84 vascular tumours or vascular tumour‐like lesions were immunostained with monoclonal antibodies to D2‐40 and CD31. Normal lymphatic endothelial cells in all normal tissues expressed D2‐40. Its positive staining delineated flattened channels or open spaces lined by a single layer of endothelial cells whose lumena were sometimes filled with lymphocytes. Ten of 10 cases of lymphangioma, nine of 10 Kaposi's sarcomas (KSs), one of five spindle cell haemangiomas, one of one reactive angioenodotheliomatosis, one of one vascular transformation of lymph node sinuses, three of three Dabska tumours, one of 10 epithelioid haemangioendotheliomas (HEs) and seven of 15 angiosarcomas were positive for D2‐40. Positively staining angiosarcomas were characterized by epithelioid or papillary endothelial cells. Twenty‐two non‐spindle cell haemangiomas, one retiform HE and one Kaposiform HE, and five glomus tumours were negative for D2‐40. In comparison, CD31 was expressed in five of 10 lymphangiomas, nine of 10 KSs, 27 of 27 haemangiomas, three of three Dabska tumours, 10 of 10 epithelioid HEs, 15 of 15 angiosarcomas and one of one each of retiform HE, Kaposiform HE, reactive angioendotheliomatosis, and vascular transformation of node sinuses. Five glomus tumours were negative for CD31.Conclusions : The monoclonal antibody D2‐40 is a highly sensitive and specific marker of lymphatic endothelium in normal tissue and a subset of vascular lesions, including KS, Dabska tumour, and lymphangioma. The findings support the concept that these tumours show at least partial lymphatic endothelial differentiation. Subsets of angiosarcomas and HEs show both vascular and lymphatic endothelial differentiation. D2‐40 can be used in a panel of markers to classify vascular tumours. There is no requirement for epitope retrieval. This novel monoclonal antibody also has the potential for increasing the accuracy of detection of lymphatic invasion in primary tumours and could be widely applied for this purpose in surgical pathology.