bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of the strip clear-cutting system in a running bamboo (Phyllostachys glauca McClure) forest: feasibility and sustainability assessments
Authors: Liang Kuan , Wang Guangru , Shen Zhan , Wu Juan , Zou Na , Yu Hongying , Yu Shebao , Chen Fusheng , Shi Jianmin 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionAs a renewable forest resource, bamboo plays a role in sustainable forest development. However, traditional cutting systems, selection cutting (SeC) and clear-cutting (ClC), result in an unsustainable production of bamboo forests due to labor-consuming or bamboo degradation. Recently, a strip clear-cutting (StC) was theoretically proposed to promote the sustainability of bamboo production, while little is known about its application consequence.MethodsBased on a 6-year experiment, we applied the strip clear-cutting system in a typical running bamboo (Phyllostachys glauca McClure) forest to assess its feasibility and sustainability. Using SeC and ClC as controls, we set three treatments with different strip widths (5 m, 10 m, and 20 m) for strip clear-cutting, simplified as StC-5, StC-10, and StC-20, respectively. Then, we investigated leaf physiological traits, bamboo size and productivity, population features, and economic benefits for all treatments.ResultsThe stands managed by StC had high eco-physiological activities, such as net photosynthetic rate (Pn), photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE), and photosynthetic phosphorus use efficiency (PPUE), and thus grew well, achieved a large diameter at breast height (DBH), and were tall. The stand biomass of StC (8.78 t hm-2 year-1) was 1.19-fold and 1.49-fold greater than that of SeC and ClC, respectively, and StC-10 and StC-20 were significantly higher than SeC or ClC (p&lt; 0.05). The income and profit increased with the increase in stand density and biomass, and StC-20 and StC-10 were significantly higher than SeC or ClC (p&lt; 0.05). Using principal components analysis and subordinate function analysis, we constructed a composite index to indicate the sustainability of bamboo forests. For the sustainability assessment, StC-10 had the highest productive sustainability (0.59 ± 0.06) and the second highest economic sustainability (0.59 ± 0.11) in all cutting treatments. StC-10 had the maximum overall sustainability, with a value of 0.53 ± 0.02, which was significantly higher than that of ClC (p&lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe results verified that StC for Phyllostachys glauca forests is feasible and sustainable as its sustainability index outweighs those of traditional cutting systems (SeC and ClC), and 10 m is the optimum distance for the strip width of StC. Our findings provide a new cutting system for managing other running bamboo forests sustainably.
We need to talk: a qualitative inquiry into pathways to care for young men at ultra-high risk for psychosis
Authors: Åmlid Håkon Olav , Carlsson Jan , Bjørnestad Jone , Joa Inge , Hegelstad Wenche ten Velden 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionIt is known from the literature that men are slower to seek help and staying engaged in mental health care compared to women. Seeing that in psychosis, men more often than women have insidious onsets but also a more malign illness course, it is important to find ways to improve timely help-seeking. The aim of this study was to explore barriers and facilitators for help-seeking in young male persons struggling with early signs of psychosis.MethodsQualitative interviews with nine young men who suffer from a first episode of psychosis or psychosis risk symptoms.ResultsMale stereotypical ideals, significant others, and knowledge of symptoms and where to get help as well characteristics of symptom trajectories appeared to be important determinants of help-seeking behavior.DiscussionInterviews indicated that help-seeking in the participants was delayed first, because of reluctancy to disclose distress and second, because significant others were unable to accurately recognize symptoms. Information, awareness, and easy access to care remain important in early detection and intervention in psychosis and psychosis risk. However, more emphasis should be placed on de-stigmatizing mental health problems in men and aiming information specifically at them.
Exploring second language students’ language assessment literacy: impact on test anxiety and motivation
Authors: Weng Fanrong , Liu Xingnan 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionThis research aims to investigate the impact of students’ language assessment literacy (LAL) on their cognition. The study specifically examines how different levels of LAL influence two critical factors: test anxiety and motivation to learn a second language.MethodsTo achieve the research objectives, a questionnaire was administered to a sample of 415 university students in China. The questionnaire utilized a five-point Likert scale to assess students’ levels of LAL, test anxiety, and motivation to learn a second language. Descriptive data were examined to reveal students’ proficiency in LAL, along with their levels of test anxiety and motivation. Multilevel regression analyses were performed using Mplus to investigate whether students’ LAL proficiency can predict their levels of test anxiety and motivation.ResultsThe findings indicated that the participating students had a proficiency level of approximately 60% in the content of the LAL questionnaire. The analysis further revealed the relationships between specific dimensions of LAL and both test anxiety and second language motivation. The multilevel regression analysis suggested that theoretical knowledge about language and language learning, the understanding of the impact and social value of language assessments, and the uses of assessments to enhance learning, positively predicted students’ extrinsic motivation. Furthermore, students’ understanding of the uses of assessments to learn and their theoretical knowledge about language learning were identified as positive predictors of intrinsic motivation. Additionally, it was observed that students’ LAL did not significantly predict test anxiety.DiscussionThese findings emphasize the significance of enhancing students’ LAL due to the identified relationships between LAL dimensions and motivation to learn a second language. The study suggests pedagogical implications for improving LAL, with a focus on specific dimensions that positively impact students’ motivation. The absence of a significant relationship between LAL dimensions and test anxiety prompts further exploration and consideration of additional factors influencing students’ anxiety in language assessments.
Current situation and influencing factors of each turnover of kindergarten teachers – a questionnaire survey
Authors: Ren Xiaoling , Yan Zhonglian , Zhang Zedong , Chen Jiewen , Tian Yun 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveFrequent teacher turnover may damage the development of teachers and the regular operation of kindergartens. This original research presented kindergarten teachers’ first, second, and third turnover rates and occurrence times. This research analyzed the relationship between socio-demographic variables and the varying frequency of kindergarten teacher turnover. These data were used to investigate the characteristics of first, second, and third kindergarten turnover. This research evaluated kindergarten teachers’ occupational ambition, emotional attachment, and self-efficacy. Likewise, this research also analyzed the social context, organizational support, management mechanism, reward, and occupational stress of kindergarten. These data were used to determine the key factors affecting kindergarten teachers’ turnover.MethodsThis research recruited 1,118 kindergarten teachers (mean age = 31.67, sd = 5.02; 3.85% male, 96.14% female) from China. Based on the existing scales, this research developed the Questionnaire of Kindergarten Teachers’ Turnover and Influencing Factors for the survey. Kindergarten teachers reported basic information and the impact factors of their first, second, and third turnover through online questionnaires. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the correlation between socio-demographic variables and different frequencies of kindergarten teacher turnover. The binary logistic regression explored the eight factors affecting kindergarten teachers’ first, second, and third turnover.ResultsThe results showed that 43.65% of kindergarten teachers had resigned. In detail, 25.60% of kindergarten teachers resigned once, 10.64% of kindergarten teachers resigned twice, and 8.41% of kindergarten teachers resigned thrice. Gender and marital status were significantly correlated with the three frequencies of kindergarten teacher turnover. Occupational stress, reward, management mechanisms, and ambition consistently affected kindergarten teachers’ first, second, and third turnover.ConclusionThe relevant management departments should pay attention to the high turnover rate of kindergarten teachers and put forward more strategies to improve their stability. Women and married can be favored in the recruitment of kindergarten teachers. It is crucial to reduce pressure and improve rewards for kindergarten teachers. Also, kindergartens should provide the space to display teachers’ talents and improve management mechanisms. These results provide empirical support for proposing effective policies to promote the stability of kindergarten teachers’ construction.
A double-blind randomized clinical trial on the suggestive effect of anxiety management questionnaires in dental emergencies
Authors: Benz Carla Irene , Wolanski Celina , Piefke Martina , Campus Guglielmo , Piwowarczyk Andree , Wolf Thomas Gerhard 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveDental anxiety is widespread among both children and adults. To diagnose dental anxiety, standardized anxiety questionnaires are recommended. Based on the suggestive nature of the questionnaires, the study aimed to find out whether asking respondents about personal coping strategies before dental treatment influences their anxiety.MethodsThis prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial included a total of 158 patients of a university dental clinic on emergency service. The intervention group (n = 82) received the Coping with Anxiety Questionnaire (CAQ) and the control group (n = 76) the Hierarchical Anxiety Questionnaire (HAF). State anxiety scores were assessed by using the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before and after the completion of each questionnaire.ResultsAnxiety decreased in the intervention group (CAQ) (p &lt; 0.001) and increased in the control group (HAF) (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionWithin the limitations of the current study, a diagnostic tool of a standardized questionnaire for the assessment to assess personal coping strategies decreased state anxiety in comparison to a questionnaire assessing anxiety.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.drks.de, German Trials Register (DRKS00032450).
Exploring gender disparities in the disease and economic tobacco-attributable burden in Latin America
Authors: Alcaraz Andrea , Lazo Elena , Casarini Agustín , Rodriguez-Cairoli Federico , Augustovski Federico , Bardach Ariel , Perelli Lucas , Palacios Alfredo , Pichon-Riviere Andrés , Espinola Natalia 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionTobacco use has significant health consequences in Latin America, and while studies have examined the overall impact, the gender-specific effects have not been thoroughly researched. Understanding these differences is crucial for effective tobacco control policies. The objective of this study was to explore the differences in tobacco-attributable disease and economic burden between men and women in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru.MethodsWe used a previously validated economic model to quantify the impact of tobacco-related illnesses, including morbidity, mortality, healthcare costs, productivity losses, informal care expenses, and DALYs, by gender and age. We utilized data from national surveys, records, studies, and expert opinions to populate the model.ResultsIn 2020, there were 351,000 smoking-attributable deaths. Men accounted for 69% and women 31%. Ecuador and Mexico had the highest male-to-female death ratio, while Peru and Chile had the smallest disparities. 2.3 million tobacco-related disease events occurred, with 65% in men and 35% in women. Ecuador and Mexico had higher disease rates among men, while Peru had a more balanced ratio. Regarding DALYs, men lost 6.3 million due to tobacco, while women lost 3.3 million, primarily from COPD, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Brazil and Mexico had the highest DALY losses for both genders. Costa Rica had a lower male-to-female tobacco use prevalence ratio but ranked second in deaths, disease events, and DALYs attributed to tobacco. Colombia had a unique pattern with a male-to-female death ratio of 2.08 but a higher ratio for disease events. The health systems spent $22.8 billion to treat tobacco-attributable diseases, with a male-to-female cost ratio 2.15. Ecuador showed the greatest gender cost difference, while Peru had the lowest. Productivity loss due to tobacco was $16.2 billion, with Ecuador and Mexico exhibiting the highest gender disparities and Peru the lowest. Informal care costs amounted to $10.8 billion, with men incurring higher costs in Ecuador, Costa Rica, and Mexico.DiscussionTobacco causes significant health and economic burdens in Latin America, with gender-based differences. There is a need for gender-disaggregated data to improve tobacco control policies.
To trust or not to trust? Face and voice modulation of virtual avatars
Authors: Siehl Sebastian , Kammler-Sücker Kornelius , Guldner Stella , Janvier Yannick , Zohair Rabia , Nees Frauke 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: This study explores the graduated perception of apparent social traits in virtual characters by experimental manipulation of perceived affiliation with the aim to validate an existing predictive model in animated whole-body avatars.Methods: We created a set of 210 animated virtual characters, for which facial features were generated according to a predictive statistical model originally developed for 2D faces. In a first online study, participants (N = 34) rated mute video clips of the characters on the dimensions of trustworthiness, valence, and arousal. In a second study (N = 49), vocal expressions were added to the avatars, with voice recordings manipulated on the dimension of trustworthiness by their speakers.Results: In study one, as predicted, we found a significant positive linear (p &lt; 0.001) as well as quadratic (p &lt; 0.001) trend in trustworthiness ratings. We found a significant negative correlation between mean trustworthiness and arousal (τ = −.37, p &lt; 0.001), and a positive correlation with valence (τ = 0.88, p &lt; 0.001). In study two, wefound a significant linear (p &lt; 0.001), quadratic (p &lt; 0.001), cubic (p &lt; 0.001), quartic (p &lt; 0.001) and quintic (p = 0.001) trend in trustworthiness ratings. Similarly, to study one, we found a significant negative correlation between mean trustworthiness and arousal (τ = −0.42, p &lt; 0.001) and a positive correlation with valence (τ = 0.76, p &lt; 0.001).Discussion: We successfully showed that a multisensory graduation of apparent social traits, originally developed for 2D stimuli, can be applied to virtually animated characters, to create a battery of animated virtual humanoid male characters. These virtual avatars have a higher ecological validity in comparison to their 2D counterparts and allow for a targeted experimental manipulation of perceived trustworthiness. The stimuli could be used for social cognition research in neurotypical and psychiatric populations.
Soccer above all? Analysis of academic and vocational education among female soccer players in the German women's Bundesliga and 2nd women's Bundesliga
Authors: Ehnold Peter , Gohritz Andreas , Lotzen Lena , Schlesinger Torsten 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionCareer-related (financial) reasons as well as advantages in terms of expanding social support systems, promoting a balanced lifestyle and personal development suggest that female soccer players should pursue academic or vocational education in parallel to elite sport. However, dual careers are fraught with challenges, mainly due to simultaneity in time and the associated conflicting goals. The aim of this article is to analyze the vocational or academic educational careers of professional female soccer players.MethodsTo generate the data, an online survey was conducted among soccer players in the German Women's Bundesliga and 2nd Women's Bundesliga. A total of n = 200 questionnaires (German: n = 191; English: n = 9) were included in the analysis, which corresponds to approx. 29.6% of the population addressed.Results90.6% of the players are pursuing or have already completed academic or vocational education. The majority (71.2%) of female soccer players choose to study. 81.8% of players report no impact or even a positive impact of soccer on their performance in academic or vocational education. Willingness to pursue and complete academic or vocational education is influenced by membership of the A-National Team, time spent playing soccer, form of school-leaving qualification, nationality and age.DiscussionThis study increases the visibility of professional women's soccer as an object of analysis in sports science research, follows up on demands for a more athlete-centered approach and generates further insights for research and practice with regard to the success of dual careers in elite sport.
Molecular identification of Haemonchus contortus in sheep from Upper Egypt
Authors: Mohamed Sara Abdel-Aal , Dyab Ahmed Kamal , Raya-Álvarez Enrique , Abdel-Aziz Fatma Mohamed , Osman Fathy , Gareh Ahmed , Farag Alshimaa M. M. , Salman Doaa , El-Khadragy Manal F. , Bravo-Barriga Daniel , Agil Ahmad , Elmahallawy Ehab Kotb 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionHaemonchus spp. are considered the most important strongylid nematodes with a worldwide distribution. The parasite’s blood-sucking nature can lead to severe anemia in infected animals. Despite its widespread impact, there is a dearth of comprehensive data on morphological and molecular identification methods for Haemonchus spp. in sheep from Upper Egypt. To address this gap, our current study aimed to assess the prevalence of Haemonchus spp. in 400 sheep fecal samples.MethodsWe employed microscopic examination and molecular techniques, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the 18S gene for precise identification. Additionally, the potential risk factors associated with the infection by the parasite in sheep were explored.ResultsThe study pointed out that 33.00% (132 of 400) of the examined sheep were infected with Haemonchus spp. Sheep age and seasonal variability were found to be significant factors (p &lt; 0.05) associated with the infection. Notably, sheep under 2 years old exhibited a higher risk, with an infection rate of 43.75% (84 out of 192), than their older counterparts. Furthermore, all reported infections were exclusively observed during the cold season, constituting 58.93% (132 out of 224) of cases. By contrast, no statistically significant association (p &gt; 0.05) was found between the sex of the examined sheep and the occurrence of haemonchosis. Employing molecular methods, we isolated and identified the parasite through PCR analysis of cultured larvae, which were then subsequently confirmed as Haemonchus contortus via phylogenetic analysis.DiscussionThe study concluded that there was a relatively high occurrence of H. contortus among sheep from Upper Egypt. We recommend the implementation of stringent and effective control measures to combat the infection and safeguard livestock health.
ANALISIS PERSENTASE LIMFOSIT DAN MONOSIT MENCIT BALB/C SETELAH DIPAPAR MEDAN ELEKTROMAGNETIK EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY 500 μT DAN 1000 μT
Authors: Sulistiyowati Ayu , Sudarti Sudarti , Anggraeni Firdha Kusuma Ayu 
Published: February 2024

Gelombang elektromagnetik Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) dihasilkan oleh perangkat listrik dan sistem daya (0 – 300 Hz). Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi dan penggunaan elektronik menyebabkan efek biologis yang merugikan bagi manusia. Namun, efek biologis dari paparan medan elektromagnetik ELF adalah tidak sepenuhnya diklarifikasi. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah mengkaji pengaruh paparan medan elektromagnetik ELF terhadap persentase limfosit dan monosit pada mencit Balb/C. Jenis penelitian adalah true experimental dengan desain Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Mencit Balb/C yang digunakan sebanyak 18 ekor mencit balb/C jantan dengan bobot tubuh 15 – 20 gram terdiri dari kelompok kontrol, kelompok eksperimen 500 µT, dan kelompok eksperimen 1000 µT. Perlakuan diberikan secara intermiten 3 jam/hari selama 30 hari. Analisis statistik menggunakan One Way Anova dengan LSD (Least Significance Different) dan uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan pada rata-rata persentase limfosit dan monosit mencit Balb/C antara kelompok kontrol, kelompok eksperimen 500 μT dan kelompok eksperimen 1000 μT. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan mengenai pengaruh medan elektromagnetik terhadap limfosit dan monosit dengan intensitas yang lebih besar dan waktu pemaparan yang lebih lama.
Pengaruh Variasi Koagulan Terhadap Kualitas Tahu Kacang Nagara (Vigna Unguiculata ssp. Cylindrica)
Authors: Yunita Permata Sari Eri , Hasanah Uswatun , Maulida Sari Noor , Aulia Zaitun , Syaifullah Muhammad , Ghani Ilmannafian Adzani 
Published: February 2024

Tahu merupakan salah satu produk makanan yang sudah popular di masyarakat Indonesia. Tahu mengandung beberapa nilai gizi, seperti protein, lemak, karbohidrat, kalori, mineral, fosfor, dan vitamin B-kompleks. Masyarakat biasanya mengonsumsi tahu yang terbuat dari bahan dasar kedelai. Namun, hal itu terkendala, yaitu dalam kurun waktu terakhir, harga kedelai yang merupakan bahan baku utama tahu terus melonjak. Dengan demikian adanya alternatif pengganti kacang kedelai dan merupakan kacang-kacangan yang berasal dari sumber daya lokal, dimana salah satunya adalah kacang Nagara (Vigna unguiculata sp Cylindrica) yang merupakan kacang lokal Kalimantan Selatan yang tumbuh di daerah rawa lebak, kecamatan Nagara, kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan. Pada hasil tahu tersebut kemudian diuji lab dengan mengetahui kadar air, kadar abu dan kadar protein. Tahu yang dibuat dari kacang nagara mempunyai nilai kandungan protein yang tidak kalah dengan tahu kacang kedelai dengan kadar air dan kadar abu yang rendah.
Aplicativo móvil dytectiveu para el tratamiento sistemático de la dislexia en alumnos de Educación General Básica
Authors: Sarango Revollero Jessica Paola , Uvillús Sumba Dayana Abigail 
Published: February 2024

La presente investigación tiene por finalidad proponer el uso de aplicaciones móviles para mejorar el aprendizaje de alumnos con dificultades específicas de aprendizaje, tales como la dislexia. Así pues, se pretende determinar en qué magnitud el uso de apps móviles facilitan corregir sustancialmente la dislexia, planteando como alternativa móvil a DytectiveU. Esta investigación es de tipo documental y descriptiva, con un enfoque cualitativo mediante el método deductivo. Con respecto a los resultados, se identificaron síntomas puntuales que llegan a presentar los niños propensos a tener dislexia: entre ellos, los componentes más destacables son errores ortográficos, un 26% de estudiantes lo presentan y asimismo la omisión de letras con un 23%. Igualmente, se tomó en consideración un estudio enfocado en exponer la población que mayoritariamente hace uso de apps móviles, resaltando principalmente a los estudiantes que utilizan este recurso como apoyo para mejorar su rendimiento académico. Si se toman en consideración los precedentes mencionados a lo largo de todo el trabajo investigativo, se puede delimitar que las apps móviles en el contexto educativo representan un avance inmemorable con respecto a las dificultades de aprendizaje, pues su acceso dinámico e interactivo permite captar mayor interés y motivación en el alumnado.