bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a roadmap for carbon capture, and storage in Oklahoma by assessing the viability of stacked storage
Authors: Miranda Marcos W. , Ogland‐Hand Jonathan D. , Bielicki Jeffrey M. , Moghanloo Rouzbeh G. , DaneshFar Jamal , Middleton Richard S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concludes that CO2 capture and storage (CCS) is critical for climate‐stabilizing energy transitions. In CCS, captured CO2 is sequestered in saline aquifers within sedimentary basins. The CO2 storage capacity and the rate of injection are functions of the geology of the saline aquifer, which is uncertain. To minimize impacts of this uncertainty, CCS projects could include backup plans, such as co‐locating geologic CO2 storage (GCS) sites with or near existing CO2‐enhanced oil recovery (CO2‐EOR) operations. These “stacked storage” projects could hedge against uncertainty in the saline formation performance because captured CO2 could be injected into either location in the event of unexpected events (e.g., the injectivity decreases). Here, we investigate the possibility and ramifications of developing CCS networks in Oklahoma that are amendable to stacked storage. We find that stacked storage is possible in Oklahoma but the counties with the lowest‐cost saline storage resources do not have existing CO2‐EOR operations. At the systems level, we find it is slightly more expensive (e.g., $1/tCO2 to $5/tCO2) to site GCS in counties with CO2‐EOR projects. This increased expense is largely due to increased CO2 transportation costs because hundreds of km of additional pipeline is required to capture CO2 from the lowest‐cost sources. Overall, our results suggest that it is optimal to build more pipelines and avoid injecting CO2 in some of the lowest‐cost saline storage resources, to enable capturing CO2 from the least‐cost sources. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Techniques and endocrine‐reproductive outcomes of ovarian transposition prior to pelvic radiotherapy in both gynecologic and non‐gynecologic cancers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Genovese Fortunato , Zambrotta Elisa , Incognito Giosuè G. , Gulino Ferdinando A. , Di Guardo Federica , Genovese Dominic , Di Gregorio Luisa M. , Benvenuto Domenico , Ciancio Fabio F. , Leanza Vito , Palumbo Marco 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundPremature ovarian failure may be a consequence of radiotherapy administered for the treatment of various female oncologic diseases. Before radiotherapy, fertility may be preserved through ovarian transposition (OT), which consists of moving the ovaries away from the radiation field.ObjectiveTo ascertain all types of surgical techniques employed for OT, outline the endocrine and reproductive outcomes of each one, and discover if one works better than the others.Search strategyThe authors performed a systematic search of the English literature looking for all studies related to OT before radiotherapy published up to June 2023. Nine studies were included.Selection criteriaThe eligible studies were assessed based on the presence of a description of the surgical technique employed for OT before pelvic radiotherapy and a report of the endocrine and reproductive outcomes.Data collection and analysisOdds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals were used to compare endocrine and reproductive outcomes The χ2 test was employed for the statistical analysis and a P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.Main resultsA total of 323 female patients aged between 7 and 51 years—198 (61.3%) with non‐gynecologic cancer and 125 (38.7%) with gynecologic cancer—underwent OT, either bilateral (221, 68.4%) or unilateral (102, 31.6%), before radiotherapy. Essentially, two types of OT were employed: lateral and medial. A total of 71 (22%) patients underwent medial OT and 252 (78%) patients (127 with non‐gynecologic tumors and 125 with gynecologic tumors) had a lateral OT. The latter was used in a similar percentage of cases for gynecologic (50.4%) and non‐gynecologic (49.6%) tumors, whereas the medial approach was performed only for non‐gynecologic cancers (Hodgkin's lymphoma). The difference between medial OT and lateral OT was not significant regarding the preservation of endocrine function (OR 0.65, P = 0.120). However, midline OT worked better in terms of reproductive outcomes. In fact, the percentage of patients with pregnancy (49.2%) and live births (45%) associated with medial OT was significantly higher than that associated with lateral OT, 6.5% and 13.4%, respectively, and the difference between such data was statistically significant (OR 7.04, P = 0.001 and OR 5.29, P = 0.003, respectively).ConclusionsOvarian transposition is an important method to preserve fertility before radiotherapy, considering the worldwide ongoing use of this treatment for various cancers arising in young women. The surgical method depends on the type of disease, but OT—especially medial OT when feasible—is effective in terms of ovarian function preservation and reproductive outcomes.
Vascular access for autologous peripheral blood stem cells collection by large volume leukapheresis: Single center experience
Authors: Bojanić Ines , Novosel Greta , Lukač Baričević Marijana , Škrnjug Petar , Horvat Elena , Mazić Sanja , Batinić Josip , Kinda Sandra Bašić , Ćepulić Branka Golubić 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionPeripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) harvesting requires reliable and safe vascular access. In our institution, a change of practice was implemented and the central venous catheter (CVC) placement for all autologous PBSC collections was abandoned in favor of a careful evaluation of peripheral venous access (PVA) for each individual patient. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the rate of patients with adequate peripheral veins for autologous PBSC collection and compare patient characteristics, collection efficacy, and complication rate between patients with PVA and CVC.MethodPeripheral veins were assessed by the apheresis nurse team in all patients referred between January 2020 and July 2021 to autologous PBSC collection. Only in case of difficult venous access, CVC was inserted. Large volume leukapheresis (LVL) procedures, which processed ≥3 total blood volumes, were performed.ResultsIn 65 (57%) patients PVA was used, while 49 (43%) patients required placement of short‐term CVC. Peripheral venous access was successfully used significantly more often in males (69.8%) (P = 0.010), and patients with multiple myeloma (71.0%) than in patients with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (35.9%) and Hodgkin's lymphoma patients (33.3%) (P < 0.001). There was a significant difference in the type of prior administered chemotherapy; in the patients who received cytostatics free chemotherapy, PVA was used more often (75.0%) (P = 0.007). In terms of the efficacy and safety of LVLs, there were no differences between procedures performed using PVA and CVCs.ConclusionPeripheral venous access is feasible for autologous PBSC collection in more than a half of patients, in particular in those with multiple myeloma. Changes in the treatment of multiple myeloma, using new proteasome inhibitors‐based and immunomodulatory agents that do not adversely affect peripheral veins, have enabled the use of PVA even at the high blood flow rates required by LVL. Peripheral venous access is not associated with safety issues or with a lesser collection efficiency, and it is cost‐effective as well. Each patient referred to autologous PBSC collection needs to be evaluated individually by the experienced apheresis team for the most appropriate venous access.
Estimation of Absolute and Relative Body Fat Content Using Noninvasive Surrogates: Can DXA Be Bypassed?
Authors: Greenblatt David J. , Bruno Christopher D. , Harmatz Jerold S. , Dawson‐Hughes Bess , Zhang Qingchen , Li Chunhui , Chow Christina R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning is used for objective determination of body composition, but instrumentation is expensive and not generally available in customary clinical practice. Anthropometric surrogates are often substituted as anticipated correlates of absolute and relative body fat content in the clinical management of obesity and its associated medical risks. DXA and anthropometric data from a cohort of 9230 randomly selected American subjects, available through the ongoing National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, was used to evaluate combinations of surrogates (age, height, total weight, waist circumference) as predictors of DXA‐determined absolute and relative body fat content. Multiple regression analysis yielded linear combinations of the 4 surrogates that were closely predictive of DXA‐determinedabsolutefat content (R2 = 0.93 and 0.96 for male and female subjects). Accuracy of the new algorithm was improved over customary surrogate‐based predictors such as body mass index. However prediction ofrelativebody fat was less robust (R2 less than 0.75), probably due to the nonlinear relation between degree of obesity (based on body mass index) and relative body fat. The paradigm was validated using an independent cohort from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, as well as two independent external subject groups. The described regression‐based algorithm is likely to be a sufficiently accurate predictor of absolute body fat (but not relative body fat) to substitute for DXA scanning in many clinical situations. Further work is needed to assess algorithm validity for subgroups of individuals with “atypical” body construction.
The Importance of Assessing Drug Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in the Obese Population During Drug Development
Authors: Moore Kenneth T. , Zannikos Peter N. , Masters Joanna C. , Willmann Stefan , Shen Jinshan , Frost Charles 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObesity remains a US national health crisis and a growing concern worldwide. Concerningly, individuals who are obese are at an increased risk for comorbid diseases that include, but are not limited to, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Beyond the risk for developing these conditions, obesity may also impact the pharmacological activity of the therapies being used to treat them and other disease states. The pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), safety, and efficacy of therapies, both currently marketed and under clinical development, may be directly impacted by the physiological alterations that occur secondary to the occurrence of chronic excess body weight. The increased prevalence of this disease should not be ignored. Both private and federal institutions involved in drug research and development should consider, as appropriate, a greater inclusion of individuals who are obese in clinical trials throughout the entirety of drug development, and leverage the available PK, PD, safety, and efficacy data to make more informed dosing recommendations.
An operationally simple, one‐pot, convenient synthesis, and in vitro anti‐inflammatory activity of some new spirotriazolotriazine derivatives
Authors: El‐Saghier Ahmed M. , Enaili Souhaila S. , Abdou Aly , Hamed Amany M. , Kadry Asmaa M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe wide biological actions of triazolotriazine hybrids, benzene‐sulfonamide derivatives, exhibit a good chance of displaying in vitro anti‐inflammatory effects. An operationally simple one‐pot, three‐component, and convenient synthesis method is used toward the synthesis of a series of diverse 2‐(2‐(4‐amino)‐1,3,5‐triazaspiro‐1,4‐dien‐2‐yl) hydrazinyl)‐N‐(4‐sulfamoylphenyl)‐2‐thioxoacetamides, which generated via reaction of 2‐hydrazinyl‐N‐(4‐sulfamoylphenyl)‐2‐thioxoacetamide, cyanoguanidine, and cyclic/acyclic ketones and were characterized by spectral analysis (IR, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, and elemental analysis). The spirotriazolotriazine derivatives are obtained with up to 95% yield, and their structure–activity relationship was discussed. All compounds were tested for in vitro anti‐inflammatory potential using the inhibition of RBC hemolysis technique and COX inhibition assay. The results from RBC hemolysis technique demonstrated that almost all evaluated compounds exhibited significant in vitro anti‐inflammatory efficacy. More specifically, compounds 7, 8, and 12 have superior membrane stability over indomethacin as a standard drug. At concentrations of 400, 600, 800, and 1000 μg/mL, compound 12 demonstrated highly significant inhibition of RBC hemolysis with 95.2%, 97.3%, 98.9%, and 99.8%, respectively, compared with indomethacin at the same concentrations (94.5%, 97.3%, 98.5%, and 99.3%, respectively). COX assay indicated that compounds 7, 8, and 12 exhibited excellent COX‐2 inhibition percentage (98.51 ± 0.01, 98 ± 0.01, and 98.97 ± 0.06, respectively) at 150 μg/mL using indomethacin (97.3 ± 0.005). Furthermore, an investigation using molecular docking against COX‐2 (pdb ID: 5IKT) was used to analyze the anti‐inflammatory properties of all studied substances. When compared to indomethacin, molecular docking research showed a strong connection with the intended protein and an elevated docking score. According to in vitro anti‐inflammatory action and computational approach, they show promise as a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
MRI Deep Learning‐Based Automatic Segmentation of Interventricular Septum for Black‐Blood Myocardial T2* Measurement in Thalassemia
Authors: Lian Zifeng , Lu Qiqi , Lin Bingquan , Chen Lingjian , Peng Peng , Feng Yanqiu 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe T2* value of interventricular septum is routinely reported for grading myocardial iron load in thalassemia major, and automatic segmentation of septum could shorten analysis time and reduce interobserver variability.PurposeTo develop a deep learning‐based method for automatic septum segmentation from black‐blood MR images for the myocardial T2* measurement of thalassemia patients.Study TypeRetrospective.Population/SubjectsOne hundred forty‐six transfusion‐dependent thalassemia patients with cardiac MR examinations from two centers. Data from Center 1 (1.5 T) were assigned to the training (100 examinations) and internal testing (20 examinations) sets; data from Center 2 were assigned to the external testing set (26 examinations; 10 at 1.5 T and 16 at 3.0 T).Field Strength/Sequence1.5 T and 3.0 T, multiecho gradient‐echo sequence.AssessmentA modified attention U‐Net for septum segmentation was constructed and trained, and its performance evaluated on unseen internal and external datasets. T2* was measured by fitting the average septum signal, separately segmented by automatic and manual methods.Statistical TestsAgreement between manual and automatic septum segmentations was assessed with the Dice coefficient, and T2* agreement was assessed using the Bland–Altman plot and the coefficient of variation (CoV).ResultsThe median Dice coefficient of deep network‐based septum segmentation was 0.90 [0.05] on the internal dataset, 0.82 [0.10] on the external 1.5 T dataset, and 0.86 [0.14] on the external 3.0 T dataset. T2* measurements using automatic segmentation corresponded with those from manual segmentation, with a mean difference of 0.02 (95% LoA: −0.74 to 0.79) msec, 0.43 (95% LoA: −2.1 to 3.0) msec, and 0.36 (95% LoA: −0.72 to 1.4) msec on the three datasets. The CoVs between the two methods were 3.1%, 7.0%, and 6.1% on the internal and two external datasets, respectively.Data ConclusionsThe proposed septum segmentation yielded myocardial T2* measurements which were highly consistent with those obtained by manual segmentation. This automatic approach may facilitate data processing and avoid operator‐dependent variability in practice.Evidence Level4Technical EfficacyStage 1
Clinical preparedness programme as perceived by first‐year diagnostic radiography students in South Africa
Authors: Thomas Heidi , Koch Gerhardus George Visser 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionThere is an increasing emphasis on exploring ways to improve students' transition from the classroom into the clinical environment. Diagnostic radiography (DR) students undergo rigorous theoretical and practical training before they are exposed to the clinical environment. It has been found that when DR students commence clinical learning in the workplace for the very first time, they experience difficulties in this transition. At the site of investigation, a newly integrated and dedicated clinical preparedness (CP) programme was offered; however, little is known about the DR students' perceptions of this programme.MethodsA qualitative approach coupled with a self‐developed, cross‐sectional research tool was employed. First‐year DR students were purposefully sampled against the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The principle of voluntary participation was upheld throughout the data collection process. The data were analysed using Braun and Clarke's six steps of thematic analysis.ResultsForty‐two responses were collected. Following a thematic analysis, two overarching themes were developed, namely: (1) reflections on the CP programme and (2) suggestions for future CP programmes.ConclusionThis study demonstrated the need for effective CP programmes as an approach to ease the transition of first‐year DR students from the classroom into the clinical environment. Several suggestions, for example, an extended CP programme and a clinical information pack were made for the offering of similar programmes in the future.
Effect of lattice heating on the switching performance of a silicon‐gate all around dielectric window spaced‐multi‐channelMOSFET
Authors: Yajula Ushodaya A. S. , Mishra G. P. , Sahoo G. S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this article, analysis of heating effect for a range of thermal resistance () and different ambient temperatures on the DC parameters of the proposed Silicon‐Gate All Around Dielectric Window Spaced‐Multi‐channel (Si‐GAA‐DWS‐multi‐channel) MOSFET is carried out. The performance of the device is examined through 3D‐ATLAS TCAD simulator, by performing the numerical and electrothermal analysis. Due to cylindrical dimension, the nanowire FETs undergoes undesirable self/lattice‐heating. The lattice heating of the device is calculated with respect to various device parameters such as channel length, drain‐source voltage, thermal resistance, ambient temperature, on‐current , and off‐current . The proposed device parameter has been compared with the existing devices, mainly with Silicon‐Nanowire‐Dielectric Pocket Packed MOSFET (Si‐NW‐DPP FET) and Silicon‐Nanowire MOSFET (Si‐NW FET). The Si‐GAA‐DWS‐multi‐channel FET is found to be as the better device than the other two structures, as the leakage current of the device is improved by 1 and 2 decades, drain current increases by 1 and 1 decade, a minimum SS of 63.271 mV/dec and a minimum DIBL of 26.172 mV/V, respectively. The lesser the SS, the faster will be the device; hence the proposed structure can be considered as the finest prospect for VLSI/ULSI electronic chips.
Glo3DHydroClimEventSet(v1.0): A global‐scale event set of hydroclimatic extremes detected with the 3D DBSCAN‐based workflow (1951–2022)
Authors: Liu Zhenchen , Zhou Wen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe emergency of global‐scale hydroclimatic extremes (i.e., meteorological droughts, extreme precipitations, heat waves and cold surges) and associated compound events has recently drawn much attention. A global‐scale unified and comprehensive event set with accurate information on spatiotemporal evolutions is necessary for better mechanism understanding and reliable predictions in sequential studies. Accordingly, this manuscript describes the first‐generation global event‐based database of hydroclimatic extremes produced with the newly proposed 3D (longitude–latitude–time) DBSCAN‐based workflow of event detection. The short name of this database is Glo3DHydroClimEventSet(v1.0), which is obtained from the FigsharePlus webpage (https://doi.org/10.25452/figshare.plus.23564517). The 1951–2022 ERA5‐based multiscale and multi‐threshold daily running datasets of precipitation and near‐surface air temperature are calculated and employed as the input data. A comprehensive event set of hydroclimate extremes is the output of the 3D DBSCAN‐based workflow. From perspectives of spatiotemporal evolutions, this event‐based database is also measured and attached with metric information. For case‐based validation, some recently reported hydroclimatic extremes (e.g., the 2020 summertime flood‐inducing Yangtze River extreme precipitation event) are employed and accurately detected in the Glo3DHydroClimEventSet(v1.0) database. Meanwhile, global‐scale spatiotemporal distributions are preliminarily analysed. For example, global‐scale event counts of extreme heatwaves displayed an increasing tendency since 2005, with a rapid increase after 2010. To sum up, this Glo3DHydroClimEventSet(v1.0) database may facilitate new scientific achievements concerning event‐based hydroclimatic extremes, especially in communities of atmosphere, hydrology, natural hazards and associated socioeconomics.
Integrating 2D Materials and Plasmonics on Lithium Niobate Platforms for Pulsed Laser Operation at the Nanoscale
Authors: Ramírez Mariola O. , Molina Pablo , Hernández‐Pinilla David , López‐Polín Guillermo , Ares Pablo , Lozano‐Martín Lidia , Yan Han , Wang Yan , Sarkar Soumya , Al Shuhaib Jinan H. , Leardini Fabrice , Gómez‐Herrero Julio , Chhowalla Manish , Bausá Luisa E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe current need for coherent light sources for integrated (nano)photonics motivates the search for novel laser designs emitting at technologically relevant wavelengths with high‐frequency stability and low power consumption. Here, a new monolithic architecture that integrates monolayer MoS2 and chains of silver nanoparticles on a rare‐earth (Nd3+) doped LiNbO3 platform is developed to demonstrate Q‐switched lasing operation at the nanoscale. The localized surface plasmons provided by the nanoparticle chains spatially confine the gain generated by Nd3+ ions at subwavelength scales, and large‐area monolayer MoS2 acts as saturable absorber. As a result, an ultra‐compact coherent pulsed light source delivering stable train pulses with repetition rates of hundreds of kHz and pulse duration of 1 µs is demonstrated without the need of any voltage‐driven optical modulation. Moreover, the monolithic integration of the different elements is achieved without sophisticated processing, and it is compatible with LiNbO3‐based photonics. The results highlight the robustness of the approach, which can be extended to other 2D materials and solid‐state gain media. Potential applications in communications, quantum computing, or ultra‐sensitive sensing can benefit from the synergy of the materials involved in this approach, which provides a wealth of opportunities for light control at reduced scales.