bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of COVID‐19 pandemic on lifestyle and bone mineral density in young adults
Authors: Falbová Darina , Kovalčíková Viktória , Beňuš Radoslav , Sulis Simona , Vorobeľová Lenka 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study investigates the relationships between the COVID‐19 pandemic, lifestyle factors, and their impact on bone mineral density in the radius forearm bone and the total bone mineral content in young adults from Slovakia.MethodsWe assessed 773 Slovak young adults aged 18 to 30 years, divided into subgroups on their pandemic status. Bone mineral density (BMD) was analyzed by the QUS device (Sunlight MiniOmni™), and bone mineral content (BMC) and fat mass (FM) were measured by InBody 770 bioimpedance analyzer. Finally, linear regression analysis tested the associations.ResultsStatistically significant lower speed of sound (SOS) along the length of the forearm radius bone and Z‐score values was determined in participants during the COVID‐19 pandemic than before it, and statistically significant lower BMC values were observed in the male group during COVID‐19 than beforehand. Regression analysis confirmed the negative pandemic effect in the following indices: SOS (p < .001 for women and p = .035 for men), Z‐score (p < .001 for women and p = .003 for men), and BMC (p = .024 for men). Vitamin D was a further significant SOS predictor in women at p = .029, but this association was not detected in men. In contrast, the significant male BMC predictors were pandemic presence (p = .028), physical activity (p = .028), and fat mass percentage (p = .001).ConclusionsSignificant COVID‐19 pandemic effects on bone tissue were determined on bone mass density in the radius forearm bone and the total bone mineral content. These effects establish that the pandemic had a negative impact on both their bone quality and health.
Sleep and fundamental movement skills in primary schoolchildren: The REACT project
Authors: Chaput Jean‐Philippe , Pereira Sara , Katzmarzyk Peter T. , Hedeker Donald , Barreira Tiago V. , Garganta Rui , Farias Cláudio , Garbeloto Fernando , Tani Go , Stodden David F. , Maia José 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveWhether sleep is related to fundamental movement skills (FMS) in the pediatric population is largely unknown. The objective of this study was to examine the association between sleep characteristics (duration, efficiency, regularity) and FMS proficiency levels in school‐aged children.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 996 children (mean age: 8.3 ± 1.2 years) from 25 of the 32 primary schools in Matosinhos, northern Portugal. Data collection occurred between January and June 2022. Sleep was assessed using an ActiGraph wGT3X‐BT accelerometer worn on the wrist for 7 consecutive days. FMS proficiency levels were assessed in the schools with a new digital platform (Meu Educativo®) that evaluated five object control skills (dribble, kick, catch, throw, and underhand roll), with a total score ranging between 5 and 15. Multilevel ordinal logistic regression was used to test the associations between sleep characteristics and FMS proficiency levels. Covariates included age, sex, body mass index z‐score, socioeconomic status, and moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity.ResultsThe results showed that sleep characteristics (duration, efficiency, and regularity) were not related to FMS proficiency. Being a boy, older age, and higher moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity levels were all significantly associated with better FMS proficiency levels. There were no significant sex‐by‐age interactions.ConclusionSleep was not found to be related to FMS performance in children. This finding suggests that sleep is not a good correlate of FMS proficiency levels in school‐aged children, and attention should be dedicated to other more important factors such as skill‐learning‐specific physical activity.
Catalyst‐Free Diastereoselective Halo‐Cycloacetalization of Olefinic Aldehydes
Authors: Qiang Shengsheng , Chan Tsz‐Chun , Yeung Ying‐Yeung 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIsochromans are valuable building blocks for the synthesis of natural products and bioactive compounds. Herein, we report a diastereoselective halo‐cycloacetalization of olefinic aldehydes and alcohols using N‐haloamides as the halogenating agents. The reaction conditions are mild and can be operated in the absence of external catalysts. Olefinic aldehydes bearing different substituents and various alcohols are compatible with the reaction protocol, giving isochroman derivatives efficiently.
Tuning the Aggregates of Thiophene‐based Trimers by Methyl Side‐chain Engineering for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Yuan Xiaojiao , Yang Kunran , Grazon Chloé , Wang Cong , Vallan Lorenzo , Isasa Jean‐David , Resende Pedro M. , Li Fanxing , Brochon Cyril , Remita Hynd , Hadziioannou Georges , Cloutet Eric , Li Jian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOrganic π‐conjugated semiconductors (OCSs) have recently emerged as a promising alternative to traditional inorganic materials for photocatalysis. However, the aggregation of OCSs in photocatalytic aqueous solution caused by self‐assembly, which closely relates to the photocatalytic activity, has not yet been studied. Here, the relationship between the aggregation of 4,7‐Bis(thiophen‐2‐yl) benzothiadiazole (TBT) and the photocatalytic activity was systematically investigated by introducing and varying the position of methyl side chains on the two peripheral thiophene units. Experimental and theoretical results indicated that the introduction of ‐CH3 group at the 3‐position of TBT resulted in the smallest size and best crystallinity of aggregates compared to that of TBT, 4‐ and 5‐positions. As a result, TBT‐3 exhibited an excellent photocatalytic activity towards H2 evolution, ascribed to the shorten charge carrier transport distance and solid long‐range order. These results suggest the important role of aggregation behavior of OCSs for efficient photocatalysis.
Enzyme‐Linked DNA Displacement (ELIDIS) Assay for Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Detection of Antibodies**
Authors: Díaz‐Fernández Ana , Ranallo Simona , Ricci Francesco 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHere we report the development of a method for the electrochemical ultrasensitive detection of antibodies that couples the programmability and versatility of DNA‐based systems with the sensitivity provided by enzymatic amplification. The platform, termed Enzyme‐Linked DNA Displacement (ELIDIS), is based on the use of antigen‐DNA conjugates that, upon the bivalent binding of a specific target antibody, induce the release of an enzyme‐DNA hybrid strand from a preformed duplex. Such enzyme‐DNA hybrid strand can then be electrochemically detected with a disposable electrode with high sensitivity. We applied ELIDIS to demonstrate the sensitive (limit of detection in the picomolar range), specific and multiplexed detection of five different antibodies including three clinically relevant ones. ELIDIS is also rapid (it only requires two reaction steps), works well in complex media (serum) and is cost‐effective. A direct comparison with a commercial ELISA kit for the detection of Cetuximab demonstrates the promising features of ELIDIS as a point‐of‐care platform for antibodies detection.
Carbon Oxyanion Self‐Transformation on NiFe Oxalates Enables Long‐Term Ampere‐Level Current Density Seawater Oxidation
Authors: Li Zixiao , Yao Yongchao , Sun Shengjun , Liang Jie , Hong Shaohuan , Zhang Hui , Yang Chaoxin , Zhang Xuefeng , Cai Zhengwei , Li Jun , Ren Yuchun , Luo Yongsong , Zheng Dongdong , He Xun , Liu Qian , Wang Yan , Gong Feng , Sun Xuping , Tang Bo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSeawater electrolysis is an attractive way of making H2 in coastal areas, and NiFe‐based materials are among the top options for alkaline seawater oxidation (ASO). However, ample Cl− in seawater can severely corrode catalytic sites and lead to limited lifespans. Herein, we report that in situ carbon oxyanion self‐transformation (COST) from oxalate to carbonate on a monolithic NiFe oxalate micropillar electrode allows safeguard of high‐valence metal reaction sites in ASO. In situ/ex situ studies show that spontaneous, timely, and appropriate COST safeguards active sites against Cl− attack during ASO even at an ampere‐level current density (j). Our NiFe catalyst shows efficient and stable ASO performance, which requires an overpotential as low as 349 mV to attain a j of 1 A cm−2. Moreover, the NiFe catalyst with protective surface CO32− exhibits a slight activity degradation after 600 h of electrolysis under 1 A cm−2 in alkaline seawater. This work reports effective catalyst surface design concepts at the level of oxyanion self‐transformation, acting as a momentous step toward defending active sites in seawater‐to‐H2 conversion systems.
Hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid‐modified starch‐based flame retardant in improving the flame retardancy of insulating paper
Authors: Zhao Wenguang , Liu Zhuo , Luan Pengcheng , Zhang Yazeng , Lin Benping , Wei Yaqin , Chen Qi‐Jie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn order to improve the flame‐retardant performance of insulating paper and reduce the fire risk, hydroxyethyl diphosphate and dicyandiamide were used to modify starch to prepare a new starch‐based flame retardant (SHPD). The combustion, mechanical, and electrical properties of SHPD treated flame‐retardant insulating paper were investigated. The results showed that when the impregnation concentration of SHPD was 25.0%, the limiting oxygen index of the insulating paper was increased from 18.3% to 38.3% and reached the level of UL‐94 V‐0. The tensile index and burst index of the flame‐retardant insulating papers were only 10.17% and 12.5% lower than that of the control insulating paper. The ring crush strength and alternating current breakdown strength in air of the flame‐retardant insulating papers were 63.3% and 1.8% higher than that of the control insulating paper. The SHPD flame retardant has a good application prospect in insulating paper.
Design of piezoelectric nanogenerator based onBiFeO3/epoxy resin with potential application for wearable electronic devices
Authors: Godzierz Marcin , Masiuchok Olha , Talaniuk Viktoriia , Kurtyka Klaudia , Olszowska Karolina , Kobyliukh Anastasiia , Janeczek Henryk , Pusz Sławomira , Głuchowski Paweł , Kujawa Daniela , Toroń Bartłomiej , Szperlich Piotr , Olesik Piotr , Smoleń Jakub , Kozioł Mateusz , Szeluga Urszula 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGrowing demand for electric energy in newly developed electronic systems causes increasing interest in research on piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs). Design and fabrication of such devices is challenging, considering cost of materials used in their construction. This is the main reason why intensive research has begun on 0‐3 composites with piezoelectric properties. One of the most promising constituent materials for composites fabrication are polymers, due to their low cost and easy processing. Herein, we present fabricated wearable PENG with good impact and vibration energy conversion properties. Correlation between matrix stiffness and piezoelectric properties of 0‐3 type composite is proposed. It was found that composite with 10 wt.% of BiFeO3particles exhibits power output density for vibrations, finger tapping, and air stream pressureP = 11.12 nW cm−3,P = 4.83 μW cm−3, andP = 769.2 μW cm−3, respectively. Decrease in stiffness of epoxy matrix results at least in two‐times lower power output density for this same PENG. The obtained results demonstrate that the fabricated BFO/epoxy composites show the wide applicability and potential to be integrated with other functional devices, for example, as a part of wearable devices in smart shoes.
Mitigation of Osteoclast‐Mediated Arthritic Bone Remodeling By Short Chain Fatty Acids
Authors: Yang Katharine Lu , Mullins Briana J. , Lejeune Alannah , Ivanova Ellie , Shin Jong , Bajwa Sofia , Possemato Richard , Cadwell Ken , Scher Jose U. , Koralov Sergei B. 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveThe objective for this study was to evaluate the effects of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on arthritic bone remodeling.MethodsWe treated a recently described preclinical murine model of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), R26STAT3Cstopfl/fl CD4Cre mice, with SCFA‐supplemented water. We also performed in vitro osteoclast differentiation assays in the presence of serum‐level SCFAs to evaluate the direct impact of these microbial metabolites on maturation and function of osteoclasts. We further characterized the molecular mechanism of SCFAs by transcriptional analysis.ResultsThe osteoporosis condition in R26STAT3Cstopfl/fl CD4Cre animals is attributed primarily to robust osteoclast differentiation driven by an expansion of osteoclast progenitor cells (OCPs), accompanied by impaired osteoblast development. We show that SCFA supplementation can rescue the osteoporosis phenotype in this model of PsA. Our in vitro experiments revealed an inhibitory effect of the SCFAs on osteoclast differentiation, even at very low serum concentrations. This suppression of osteoclast differentiation enabled SCFAs to impede osteoporosis development in R26STAT3Cstopfl/fl CD4Cre mice. Further interrogation revealed that bone marrow–derived OCPs from diseased mice expressed a higher level of SCFA receptors than those of control mice and that the progenitor cells in the bone marrow of SCFA‐treated mice presented a modified transcriptomic landscape, suggesting a direct impact of SCFAs on bone marrow progenitors in the context of osteoporosis.ConclusionWe demonstrated how gut microbiota‐derived SCFAs can regulate distal pathology (ie, osteoporosis) and identified a potential therapeutic option for restoring bone density in rheumatic disease, further highlighting the critical role of the gut–bone axis in these disorders.image
The combined effects of an anatomy program integrating drawing and gamification on basic psychological needs satisfaction among sport sciences students: Results of a natural experiment
Authors: Latre‐Navarro Lorena , Quintas‐Hijós Alejandro , Sáez‐Bondía María‐José 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAccording to self‐determination theory, the need for competence, autonomy, and relatedness has been associated with intrinsic motivation. Fulfilling basic psychological needs can lead to better learning, academic performance, and well‐being. In this study, an anatomy program integrated gamification and drawing methods to explore their influence on basic psychological needs satisfaction and potential learning implications. Basic psychological needs outcomes of sport sciences students were compared to test the effects of the Observe–Reflect–Draw–Edit–Repeat (ORDER) method and gamification (experimental condition) versus a non‐ORDER and non‐gamified program (control condition). These two different 30‐h (7‐week) anatomy education programs were implemented at two Spanish public universities with 116 first‐year sport sciences students. Pre and post‐treatment measurements were collected using the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale. Statistical analyses included independent samples t‐tests, ANCOVAs, and factorial repeated measures ANOVAs 2 × 2 (time × treatment). The gamified ORDER program achieved higher satisfaction scores in basic psychological needs compared to the control group (t = 2.98, p = 0.004, d = 0.54). Additionally, an interaction effect between time and treatment was observed (p = 0.042,  = 0.038). Treatment and interaction effects were observed for ‘autonomy’ (p = 0.003,  = 0.074) and ‘competence’ satisfaction (p = 0.048,  = 0.035). A time effect was found for ‘relatedness’ in the control group, but no significant treatment or interaction effects were identified. The causes of these effects are debated in the study, as well as the limitations. These findings support the notion that students’ basic psychological needs are better satisfied in anatomy education with the implementation of this multimethod educational intervention based on ORDER and gamification.
Three‐dimensional Polymers as Organic Cathodes for Affordable and Sustainable Sodium/Potassium‐ion Batteries
Authors: Mohammadiroudbari Motahareh , Li Shi , Huang Jinghao , Yang Zhenzhen , Chen Fu , Cheng Lei , Luo Chao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRedox‐active polymers (RAPs) are promising organic electrode materials for affordable and sustainable batteries due to their flexible chemical structures and negligible solubility in the electrolyte. Developing high‐dimensional RAPs with porous structures and crosslinkers can further improve their stability and redox capability by reducing the solubility and enhancing reaction kinetics. This work reports two three‐dimensional (3D) RAPs as stable organic cathodes in Na‐ion batteries (NIBs) and K‐ion batteries (KIBs). Carbonyl functional groups are incorporated into the repeating units of the RAPs by the polycondensation of Tetrakis(4‐aminophenyl)methane and two different dianhydrides. The RAPs with interconnected 3D extended conjugation structures undergo multi‐electron redox reactions and exhibit high performance in both NIBs and KIBs in terms of long cycle life (up to 8000 cycles) and fast charging capability (up to 2 A g−1). The results demonstrate that developing 3D RAPs is an effective strategy to achieve high‐performance, affordable, and sustainable NIBs and KIBs.
Acute stress symptoms in general population during the first wave of COVID lockdown in Italy: Results from the COMET trial
Authors: Carmassi Claudia , Sampogna Gaia , Di Vincenzo Matteo , Cipolla Salvatore , Toni Claudia , Albert Umberto , Carrà Giuseppe , Cirulli Francesca , Dell'Osso Bernardo , Fantasia Sara , Nanni Maria Giulia , Pedrinelli Virginia , Pompili Maurizio , Sani Gabriele , Tortorella Alfonso , Volpe Umberto , Fiorillo Andrea 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic is an unprecedented traumatic event that has severely impacted social, economic, and health well‐being worldwide. The COvid Mental hEalth Trial was specifically designed to evaluate the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic and its containment measures on the mental health of the Italian general population in terms of COVID‐19‐related acute stress disorder (ASD) symptoms.MethodsThe present cross‐sectional study is based on an online survey carried out in the period March–May 2020. Italian general adult population was invited to compile an anonymous survey, which included the severity of acute stress symptoms scale/National Stressful Events Survey Short Scale to investigate the occurrence and severity of ASD symptoms.ResultsThe final sample consisted of 20,720 participants. During the lockdown, subjects with pre‐existing mental health problems reported a statistically significant higher risk of acute post‐traumatic symptoms compared to the general population (B: 2.57; 95% CI:2.04–3.09; p < .0001) and health care professionals (B: .37; 95% CI: .02–0.72; p < .05). According to multivariate regression models, the levels of acute post‐traumatic symptoms (p < .0001) were higher in younger and female respondents. Social isolation and sleep disorder/insomnia represented positive predictors of acute stress (B = 3.32, 95% CI = 3.08–3.57).ConclusionsConcerns about the risk of infection as well as social isolation caused a higher incidence of acute post‐traumatic stress symptoms that may predict the subsequent development of post‐traumatic stress disorder symptoms in the long term.
Dimer Stabilization by SpyTag/SpyCatcher Coupling of the Reductase Domains of a Chimeric P450 BM3 Monooxygenase from Bacillus spp. Improves its Stability, Activity, and Purification
Authors: Essert Arabella , Castiglione Kathrin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe vast majority of known enzymes exist as oligomers, which often gives them high catalytic performance but at the same time imposes constraints on structural conformations and environmental conditions. An example of an enzyme with a complex architecture is the P450 BM3 monooxygenase CYP102A1 from Bacillus megaterium. Only active as a dimer, it is highly sensitive to dilution or common immobilization techniques. In this study, we engineered a thermostable P450BM3 chimera consisting of the heme domain of a CYP102A1 variant and the reductase domain of the homologous CYP102A3. The dimerization of the hybrid was even weaker compared to the corresponding CYP102A1 variant. To create a stable dimer, we covalently coupled the C‐termini of two monomers of the chimera via SpyTag003/SpyCatcher003 interaction. As a result, purification, thermostability, pH stability, and catalytic activity were improved. Via a bioorthogonal two‐step affinity purification, we obtained high purity (94 %) of the dimer‐stabilized variant being robust against heme depletion. Long‐term stability was increased with a half‐life of over 2 months at 20 °C and 80–90 % residual activity after 2 months at 5 °C. Most catalytic features were retained with even an enhancement of the overall activity by ~2‐fold compared to the P450BM3 chimera without SpyTag003/SpyCatcher003.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs)‐Catalyzed Coupling Reactions of Aldehydes and Organic Halides
Authors: Gao Fan , Zhang Zengyu , Yan Xiaoyu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis concept aims to summarize the direct coupling of aldehydes and organic halides (including activated and unactivated organic halides) catalyzed by N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). The key factor of this transformation is the formation of Breslow intermediates, which are either nucleophilic or reductive. Additionally, the activation of inert C−H bond also was reviewed in this performance via the processes of single electron transfer (SET) and subsequent intramolecular 1,n‐ hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) or intermolecular HAT. Finally, the key differences and reactivity of various Breslow intermediates, generated from different NHCs, have been discussed to give a deeper understanding of the ongoing popularity of NHC‐organocatalysis.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Silylated Vinylboronates by a Boron‐Wittig Reaction and Their Application to Tetrasubstituted Olefins
Authors: Hazra Subrata , Panda Santanu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe highly stereoselective synthesis of a series of tetrasubstituted mono‐ as well as disilylated vinylboronates is reported by using the boron‐Wittig approach. The condensation between acylsilanes and gem‐diborylalkanes gave the desired tetrasubstituted olefins in good to excellent yield and high stereoselectivity. Also, a series of trisubstituted silylated vinyl MIDA‐boronates was synthesized by using the boron‐Wittig reaction followed by a transesterification reaction. This methodology allows direct incorporation of B(pin) and TMS groups in the anti‐position of the olefin in a highly stereoselective manner. Further, sequential Suzuki coupling reaction with the silylated vinyl boronic esters generated all‐carbon tetrasubstituted alkenes, which have been applied in the total synthesis of the anticancer drug Tamoxifen and aggregation‐induced luminogen agent TPE‐TF17.