bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined depth and scalp electroencephalographic monitoring in acute brain injury: Yield and prognostic value
Authors: Yuan Fang , Damien Charlotte , Schuind Sophie , Salvagno Michele , Taccone Fabio Silvio , Legros Benjamin , Gaspard Nicolas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeDepth electroencephalography (dEEG) is an emerging neuromonitoring technology in acute brain injury (ABI). We aimed to explore the concordances between electrophysiological activities on dEEG and on scalp EEG (scEEG) in ABI patients.MethodsConsecutive ABI patients who received dEEG monitoring between 2018 and 2022 were included. Background, sporadic epileptiform discharges, rhythmic and periodic patterns (RPPs), electrographic seizures, brief potentially ictal rhythmic discharges, ictal–interictal continuum (IIC) patterns, and hourly RPP burden on dEEG and scEEG were compared.ResultsSixty‐one ABI patients with a median dEEG monitoring duration of 114 h were included. dEEG significantly showed less continuous background (75% vs. 90%, p = 0.03), higher background amplitude (p < 0.001), more frequent rhythmic spike‐and‐waves (16% vs. 3%, p = 0.03), more IIC patterns (39% vs. 21%, p = 0.03), and greater hourly RPP burden (2430 vs. 1090 s/h, p = 0.01), when compared to scEEG. Among five patients with seizures on scEEG, one patient had concomitant seizures on dEEG, one had periodic discharges (not concomitant) on dEEG, and three had no RPPs on dEEG. Features and temporal occurrence of electrophysiological activities observed on dEEG and scEEG are not strongly associated. Patients with seizures and IIC patterns on dEEG seemed to have a higher rate of poor outcomes at discharge than patients without these patterns on dEEG (42% vs. 25%, p = 0.37).ConclusionsdEEG can detect abnormal electrophysiological activities that may not be seen on scEEG and can be used as a complement in the neuromonitoring of ABI patients.
Strangulation of the caecum by a pedunculated lipoma in a Rocky Mountain Horse gelding
Authors: Elane George , Holbrook Todd , Iredale Marley , Cock Gemma , Biedrzycki Adam 
Published: January 2024

SummaryA 19‐year‐old Rocky Mountain Horse gelding was presented for emergency evaluation of colic. A pedunculated lipoma was found to be strangulating the caecum and ileocaecal junction at surgery. Following the resolution of the incarceration, it was found that the pedicle originated on the jejunal mesentery, but the stalk did not appear long enough to have formed a half‐hitch around both the caecum and ileum. The horse was euthanised due to complete caecal devitalisation. A second pedunculated lipoma was identified at necropsy, located on the transverse colon with an area of ischaemia on the mesenteric pedicle (the abnormal stalk of tissue connecting the lipoma to the colonic mesentery), consistent with pressure from being entwined with the jejunal mesenteric pedicle. This report is the first to describe caecal and ileal incarceration and strangulation by a pedunculated lipoma in a horse.
Comparing the effects of intraocular pressure and tear production measurements in horses in two different environments: Horse stable and medical barn
Authors: Cinar Harun , Yanmaz Latif Emrah , Buyukkaraca Nurefsan , Kaya Zehranur , Kosuncu Mirkan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo date, there are no studies on the impact of two distinct environments—one familiar to the horse and another unfamiliar—on intraocular pressure (IOP) and tear production.ObjectivesTo compare the measured IOP and tear production values in horses between a horse stable and a medical barn.Study designCross‐over.MethodsThirty healthy male Arabian horses, aged 6.88 ± 3.34 years were used. IOP and tear production measurements were assessed in both the horse stable and the medical barn, with a paired Student's t‐test and Bland–Altman analysis conducted for comparison and agreement, respectively.ResultsA significant increase in IOP was observed in the medical barn (34.2 ± 6.8 mmHg) compared with the horse stable (29.5 ± 7.2 mmHg, p = 0.02). However, no statistically significant difference in tear production was found between horse stable (22.1 ± 2.8 mm/min) and medical barn (23.6 ± 3.4 mm/min) (p = 0.09). The standard error of the slope was 0.36 for the IOP measured in the medical barn, indicating a difference of −4.7 mmHg compared with the IOP measured in the horse stable (p = 0.02). The bias was fitted to y = −7.9350 + 0.1003x. The standard error of the slope was 0.39 for the tear production measured in the medical barn, indicating a difference of −1.5 mm/min compared with the tear production measured in the horse stable (p = 0.09). The bias was fitted to y = 6.1530 + −0.3367x.Main limitationsThe absence of horses with ocular disorders and an assessment of the potential impact of transportation.ConclusionsA notable increase in IOP was observed in the medical barn compared with the horse stable, while tear production exhibited no significant variance between the two environments. The Bland–Altman analysis highlighted a discrepancy in IOP measurements in the horse stable, emphasising the potential influence of the environment on ocular parameters in horses.
Marital adjustment and children's early learning behaviors: The mediating role of maternal involvement and parenting
Authors: Liu Cong , Wang Shuang , Xie Hongbin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined associations between marital adjustment and children's learning behaviors, as well as the potential mediation effects of maternal involvement and parenting on these associations in Chinese contexts.BackgroundThe family is a vital setting for children's early learning behaviors, encompassing self‐efficacy in learning and approaches to learning. Marital adjustment, as well as maternal involvement and maternal parenting, are crucial factors in the family setting. However, there is a paucity of research on the pathway mechanism between these three family factors and children's early learning behaviors.MethodThere were 750 mothers of Chinese preschoolers (48.24% girls, Mage = 5.94 years, SD = 1.43) in three provinces—Fujian, Sichuan, and Xinjiang—who participated in the study. Mothers completed questionnaires related to marital adjustment, maternal involvement, maternal parenting, and children's learning behaviors. Structural equation models were estimated to test the hypothesized paths.ResultsThe results revealed a positive association between higher marital adjustment and improved children's self‐efficacy in learning (β = .10, p = .004) and approaches to learning (β = .15, p < .001), with maternal involvement (for self‐efficacy, β = .25, p < .001; for approaches to learning, β = .23, p < .001) and parenting (for self‐efficacy, β = .25, p < .001; for approaches to learning, β = .31, p < .001) recognized as significant mediators in this relationship.ConclusionsThe study indicated that marital adjustment, maternal involvement, and parenting have significant direct and indirect effects on children's early learning behaviors.ImplicationsGiven the research findings, marital adjustment is worth considering when recognizing children's early learning. Furthermore, parents may be encouraged to understand proper involvement and parenting practices with their children. Briefly, these findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge on how family variables are related to children's learning behaviors.
Arterial hypertension associated with PARPi: A meta‐analysis of 41 placebo randomized controlled trials combined with a World Health Organization's pharmacovigilance study
Authors: Blaize Clémence , Surtouque Ellina , Font Jonaz , Dolladille Charles , Postel‐Vinay Sophie , Da Silva Angélique , Alexandre Joachim , Morice Pierre‐Marie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundArterial hypertension has been recently reported from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi).ObjectiveIn a context of increasing use of PARPi, it is crucial to properly assess risk and incidence of this adverse event for clinical practice.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis in MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL and ClinicalTrials.gov up to January 4, 2023 with an ongoing surveillance up to June 7, 2023. RCTs comparing PARPi to placebo in adult patients with solid tumors were included if hypertension was reported. The primary outcome was the summary risk ratio (RR, with 95% CIs) of any hypertension of PARPi class in placebo RCTs. Secondary outcomes were the summary risk and incidence of hypertension of each individual PARPi. To provide clinical features of PARPi‐associated hypertension, we independently queried the WHO's pharmacovigilance database, up to September 1, 2022.ResultsIn total, 41 placebo RCTs (n = 15 264 adult patients) were included. PARPi class was not associated with an increased risk of hypertension compared with placebo. In individual analyses, the risk of hypertension was lower with olaparib than placebo (RR 0.77 [95% CI: 0.68–0.86], P < 0.01; I2 = 19%, χ2 P = 0.26). Niraparib monotherapy increased the risk of any (RR 2.84 [95% CI: 1.76–4.57], P < 0.01; I2 = 66%, χ2 P = 0.01) hypertension with a summary incidence of 19.87% (95% CI: 15.23–25.50). In real‐life setting, niraparib‐associated hypertension occurs within 20 days and was serious in 66%. Co‐prescription of at least one antihypertensive or therapy‐induced hypertension was reported in 20.5% or 14.4% of cases, respectively.ConclusionsIn a context of extensive assessment of niraparib in combination, these data reinforce the need of a close monitoring of this adverse event to preserve its clinical benefit on patients' survival.
Sodium hypochlorite accident diagnosis and management: Analysis from the literature and the French pharmacovigilance database
Authors: Kartit Zahoua , Delacroix Céline , Clement Céline , Beurrier Mathilde , Mouton‐Faivre Claudie , Petitpain Nadine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeSodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is considered as the reference irrigation solution in endodontics. However, NaOCl‐related accidents may occur, and non‐dentist health professionals might under‐recognize this rare adverse effect although it is potentially severe, with possible medical and aesthetic sequelae. We performed a literature review to provide to non‐dentist healthcare professionals a large picture of symptoms, management and potential consequences of NaOCl accidents.MethodsWe queried PubMed and the French Pharmacovigilance database and retrieved 76 cases for analysis (70 from 57 published articles, and six from the database).ResultsThe analysis showed that patients were mostly women (79%), aged around of 42 years, undergoing upper jawbone (74%) endodontic procedure. NaOCl concentration ranged from 1% to 10%, with 0.5 to 30 mL injected. Most cases (86%) corresponded to an accidental extrusion beyond the root apex to the periapical tissues, followed by tissular injection by error (8%) and extrusion into the maxillary sinus (3%). Local symptoms always occurred within 24 h, mostly pain (99%), edema (89%) and/or ecchymosis (61%). Complications were mainly neurological (29%), necrotic (22%) and cutaneous (9%). Most of patients (76%) fully recovered after medical management but 18 (24%) required surgical management.ConclusionAny healthcare professional should be aware of the classical symptomatic triad of NaOCl accident with sudden pain, haemorrhage/ecchymosis and swelling, to start or recommend adequate management. Patients should be reassured, but a close follow‐up is necessary to avoid delayed complication.
Estimating crack tip position in adhesively bonded joints subjected to mode II quasi‐static loading
Authors: Mehrabi M. , Martulli L. M. , Bernasconi A. , Carboni M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aimed at estimating crack tip position in adhesive bonded joints under mode II quasi‐static loading using experimental and numerical approaches. Experimental techniques were utilized and compared, including optical backscatter reflectometry, visual testing, and a novel strategy based on digital image correlation. Additionally, a finite element analysis was employed to identify the numerical crack tip position and the extent of damage within the bondline. This analysis revealed that a significant portion of the crack propagation region in the adhesive is occupied by the fracture process zone. Moreover, optical backscatter reflectometry shows the potential to detect this process zone within the adhesive that the other methods may not detect. This capability is particularly beneficial for detecting damage at early stages.
Woody and herbaceous invasive alien plant species‐derived biochars are potentially optimal for soil amendment, soil remediation, and carbon storage
Authors: Ceriani Alex , Dalle Fratte Michele , Agosto Gustavo , Beatrice Peter , Reguzzoni Marcella , Bettucci Lorenzo , Casini David , Cerabolini Bruno Enrico Leone , Montagnoli Antonio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInvasive alien plant species (IAPS) are a global problem, representing a threat to ecosystem functioning, biodiversity, and human health. Legislation requires the management and eradication of IAPS populations; yet, management practices are costly, require several interventions, and produce large amounts of waste biomass. However, the biomass of eradicated IAPS can become a resource by being used as feedstock for biochar production and, at the same time, implementing the management of IAPS. Here we carried out an in‐depth characterization of biochar produced at 550°C derived from 10 (five woody and five herbaceous) widespread IAPS in the central‐southern Alps region to determine their potential applications for soil amendment, soil remediation, and carbon storage. Biochar was produced at a laboratory scale, where its physicochemical characteristics, micromorphological features, and lead adsorption from aqueous solutions were measured. To investigate any possible trade‐offs among the potential biochar applications, a principal component analysis was performed. IAPS‐derived biochars exhibited relevant properties in different fields of application, suggesting that IAPS biomass can be exploited in a circular economy framework. We found coordinated variation and trade‐offs from biochars with high stability to biochars with high soil amendment potential (PC1), while the biochar soil remediation potential represents an independent axis of variation (PC2). Specifically, IAPS‐derived biochar had species‐specific characteristics, with differences between the woody and herbaceous IAPS, the latter being more suitable for soil amendment due to their greater pH, macronutrient content, and macropore area. Biochar derived from woody IAPS showed a greater surface area, smaller pores, and had higher lead adsorption potentials from aqueous solutions, hinting at their higher potential for heavy metal pollution remediation. Moreover, biochar derived from woody IAPS had a higher fixed carbon content, indicating higher carbon stability, and suggesting that their biochar is preferable for carbon sequestration in the view of climate change mitigation.
Whose city is it: The impact of an intentional community on the city—A case study from Israel
Authors: Shlomi Hila , Meir Avinoam , Alfasi Nurit 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUrban geography suffers a considerable disciplinary deficiency in studying urban intentional communities (ICs). Particularly lacking, also in general social sciences, are studies on ICs’ comprehensive impact on cities. The major reason for this might be a failure to realise that there are sub‐city geographical entities which contribute to shaping cityscape, and that an intentional community is not only a social entity but also a geographical entity. Viewing them from this perspective provides a vehicle for understanding the impact of ICs, thereby enriching the field of urban geography. Following an explanation of the concept of geographical entities and ICs as geographical entities, we present a case study from Israel with a comprehensive analysis of the impact of an IC on a city from various demographic, social, spatial, economic, political, and cultural perspectives as viewed by the residents. By studying the geographies of ICs in this approach and raising questions for further geographical research, we highlight the important role geography can play in this emerging field of urban studies.
PD‐1: A critical player and target for immune normalization
Authors: Liu Xuening , Zhao Alison , Xiao Su , Li Haohao , Li Menghua , Guo Wei , Han Qiuju 
Published: January 2024

AbstractImmune system imbalances contribute to the pathogenesis of several different diseases, and immunotherapy shows great therapeutic efficacy against tumours and infectious diseases with immune‐mediated derivations. In recent years, molecules targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) immune checkpoint have attracted much attention, and related signalling pathways have been studied clearly. At present, several inhibitors and antibodies targeting PD‐1 have been utilized as anti‐tumour therapies. However, increasing evidence indicates that PD‐1 blockade also has different degrees of adverse side effects, and these new explorations into the therapeutic safety of PD‐1 inhibitors contribute to the emerging concept that immune normalization, rather than immune enhancement, is the ultimate goal of disease treatment. In this review, we summarize recent advancements in PD‐1 research with regard to immune normalization and targeted therapy.
Indian immigrants' constructions of mental health and mental illness in the perinatal period: A qualitative study
Authors: Philip Bridgit , Kemp Lynn , Taylor Christine , Schmied Virginia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to explore how immigrant women and men from India construct mental health and mental illness in the perinatal period.DesignQualitative interpretive design.MethodsData were collected by conducting in‐depth interviews with 19 participants. Photo elicitation, free listing and pile sorting were used during the interviews. Purposive sampling was used, and data were collected in 2018 and 2019. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.Finding/ResultsOne major theme and three subthemes were identified. ‘We do not talk about it’ was the major theme and the subthemes: (1) ‘living peacefully and feeling happy’ described the views on mental health; (2) ‘that's the elephant in the room still’ captures how participants felt when talking about mental illness; and (3) ‘why don't we talk about it’ offers reasons why the Indian community does not talk about mental health and illness.ConclusionThe findings of this study have highlighted the importance of understanding the impact of immigration and being culturally sensitive when assessing mental health in the perinatal period.ImpactThe findings of this study identify some of the reasons for non‐disclosure of mental health issues by immigrants. Incorporating these findings during psychosocial assessment by health professionals in the perinatal period will help translate the cultural aspects into more effective communication.Patient or Public ContributionPatient and public contribution to the study was provided by the Community Stakeholders Group; these were members of the immigrant community from India who had expertise in mental health. They contributed to the study design and the key terms and phrases for the free list used in interviews.
Augmentation of keratinized tissue using autogenous soft‐tissue grafts and collagen‐based soft‐tissue substitutes at teeth and dental implants: Histological findings in a pilot pre‐clinical study
Authors: Lim Hyun‐Chang , Strauss Franz J. , Shin Seung‐Il , Jung Ronald E. , Jung Ui‐Won , Thoma Daniel S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo histomorphometrically assess three treatment modalities for gaining keratinized tissue (KT) at teeth and at dental implants.Materials and MethodsIn five dogs, the distal roots of the mandibular second, third and fourth premolars were extracted. Dental implants were placed at the distal root areas 2 months later. After another 2 months, KT augmentation was performed at both distal (implants) and at mesial root (teeth) areas in the presence (wKT groups) or absence (w/oKT groups) of a KT band at the mucosal/gingival level. Three treatment modalities were applied randomly: apically positioned flap only (APF), free gingival grafts (FGGs) and xenogeneic collagen matrices (XCMs). A combination of the above produced six groups. Two months later, tissue sections were harvested and analysed histomorphometrically.ResultsThe median KT height and length were greatest at implants with FGG in both wKT (3.7 and 5.1 mm, respectively) and w/oKT groups (3.7 and 4.6 mm), and at teeth with FGG in wKT groups (3.7 and 6.1 mm) and with APF in the w/oKT groups (3.9 and 4.4 mm). The XCM and APF produced more favourable results at teeth than at implants.ConclusionsFGG was advantageous in gaining KT, especially at implants.
Dynamic optical coherence tomography evaluation in locally advanced basal cell carcinoma during sonidegib treatment
Authors: Cantisani C. , Musolff N. , Longo C. , Di Guardo A. , Rovaldi E. , Rossi G. , Sasso F. , Farnetani F. , Rega F. , Bánvölgyiv A. , Azzella G. , Paolino G. , Pellacani G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundBasal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer in the Caucasian population. It has a multifactorial pathogenesis, in which constitutive activation of the Sonic Hedgehog signalling (SHH) pathway (via mutations in PTCH1 or SMO genes) represents by far the most common genetic aberration. The introduction of vismodegib and sonidegib, two SHH pathway inhibitors, changed the therapeutic approach of locally advanced and metastatic BCCs. EADO's (European Association of Dermato‐Oncology) new staging system refers to these as ‘difficult‐to‐treat’ BCCs.ObjectiveThe aim was to evaluate sonidegib's effectiveness in patients affected by difficult‐to‐treat BCCs by using non‐invasive diagnostic techniques.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 14 patients (4 females, 10 males; mean age 77 ± 11 years) affected by difficult‐to‐treat BCCs treated with oral sonidegib 200 mg/day that were followed with total body videodermoscopy (V‐Track, Vidix 4.0) and dynamic optical coherence tomography (D‐OCT, VivoSight Dx) since May 2022. Considering the risk of rhabdomyolysis routine blood tests, especially for creatine kinase concentrations, were performed. All treated patients were inserted in the BasoCare database, which aims to offer support to patients taking sonidegib. Complete and partial responses were evaluated by the overall reduction of the number of lesions and their individual sizes. Safety was evaluated by assessing the occurrence and severity of adverse reactions.ResultsEighty per cent achieved complete clearance and 75% reduction of diameter. D‐OCT scans performed at every follow‐up showed concordance with clinical appearance and demonstrated reduction of hyporeflective structures, that is, islets of tumour cells and overall improvement of morphology.ConclusionSonidegib can be considered an effective treatment option in cases where surgery or radiotherapy would be unfeasible or has previously failed, although pigmented lesions did not show complete clearance, suggesting that there are factors other than the SHH pathway involved in tumour growth. Videodermoscopy and D‐OCT were useful in the quick and seamless follow‐up of lesions and added valuable information in assessing efficacy.