bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of viral infections in children with influenza-like-illness during December 2018–January 2019
Authors: Chao Shuang , Wang Yuejiao , Wu Baolei , Li Runqing , Dong Jingxiao , Ji Lina , Li Xuejun , Li Ran , Yin Xiaomei , Zhao Xiuying , Liang Wannian 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionRespiratory viral infection (RVI) is of very concern after the outbreak of COVID-19, especially in pediatric departments. Learning pathogen spectrum of RVI in children previous the epidemic of COVID-19 could provide another perspective for understanding RVI under current situation and help to prepare for the post COVID-19 infection control.MethodsA nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) assay, with 19 pairs of primers targeting various respiratory viruses, was used for multi-pathogen screening of viral infections in children presenting influenza-like illness (ILI) symptoms. Children with ILI at the outpatient department of Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital during the influenza epidemic from 12/2018 to 01/2019 were included. Throat swabs were obtained for both the influenza rapid diagnostic test (IRDT) based on the colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay and the NASBA assay, targeting various respiratory viruses with an integrated chip technology.Results and discussionOf 519 patients, 430 (82.9%) were positive in the NASBA assay. The predominant viral pathogens were influenza A H1N1 pdm1/2009 (pH1N1) (48.4%) and influenza A (H3N2) (18.1%), followed by human metapneumovirus (hMPV) (8.8%) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (6.1%). Of the 320 cases identified with influenza A by NASBA, only 128 (40.0%) were positive in the IRDT. The IRDT missed pH1N1 significantly more frequently than A (H3N2) (P&lt;0.01). Influenza A pH1N1 and A (H3N2) were the major pathogens in &lt;6 years and 6-15 years old individuals respectively (P&lt;0.05). In summary, influenza viruses were the major pathogens in children with ILI during the 2018-2019 winter influenza epidemic, while hMPV and RSV were non-negligible. The coexistence of multiple pathogen leading to respiratory infections is the normalcy in winter ILI cases.
Assessing the existing guidelines of environmental impact assessment and mitigation measures for future hydropower projects in Pakistan
Authors: Butt Asim Qayyum , Shangguan Donghui , Ding Yongjian , Banerjee Abhishek , Sajjad Wasim , Mukhtar Muhammad Ahsan 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: More than 16% of the total electricity used worldwide is met by hydropower, having local to regional environmental consequences. With positive indicators that energy is becoming more broadly available and sustainable, the world is moving closer to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG 7). Pakistan became the first nation to include the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in its national development strategy.Methodology: The current study sought to investigate the structural limits of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) guidelines for hydropower development in Pakistan. The study included the document review of the EIA reports about hydropower projects in Pakistan, scientific questionnaires from decision-makers, and public consultation.Results and Discussion: The document evaluates that an adequate mechanism is available, and donors like the Asian Development Bank and World Bank observe the implementation process of EIA in Pakistan. However, a comprehensive analysis of the EIA system found several things that could be improved, not only in the institutional framework but also in actual implementation and practices. More than 20% of respondent decision-makers disagreed with the compliance of the current Institutional Framework with EIA guidelines, and 25% think that the existing guidelines followed in Pakistan are not aligned with international standards and practices for Hydropower in actual practice. EIA has a limited impact on decision-making due to insufficient technical and financial resources.Recommendations: There should be a think tank with experts who can meet the needs of present and future epochs. The public should be communicated with and educated about EIA. For better efficiency, the officers and decision-makers should be trained internationally, i.e., the Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA).
Nucleated red blood cells are a late biomarker in predicting intensive care unit mortality in patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome: an observational cohort study
Authors: Schmidt Götz , Martens Arnd , Koch Christian , Markmann Melanie , Schneck Emmanuel , Matt Ulrich , Hecker Matthias , Tello Khodr , Wolff Matthias , Sander Michael , Vadász István 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundNucleated red blood cells (nRBC) are precursor cells of the erythropoiesis that are absent from the peripheral blood under physiological conditions. Their presence is associated with adverse outcomes in critically ill patients. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of nRBC on mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Material and methodsThis retrospective, observational cohort study analyzed data on 206 ICU patients diagnosed with COVID-19 ARDS between March 2020 and March 2022. The primary endpoint was ICU mortality, and secondary endpoints included ICU and hospital stay lengths, ventilation hours, and the time courses of disease severity scores and clinical and laboratory parameters.ResultsAmong the included patients, 68.9% tested positive for nRBC at least once during their ICU stay. A maximum nRBC of 105 µl-1 had the highest accuracy in predicting ICU mortality (area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic [AUCROC] 0.780, p &lt; 0.001, sensitivity 69.0%, specificity 75.5%). Mortality was significantly higher among patients with nRBC &gt;105 µl-1 than ≤105 µl-1 (86.5% vs. 51.3%, p = 0.008). Compared to patients negative for nRBC in their peripheral blood, those positive for nRBC required longer mechanical ventilation (127 [44 - 289] h vs. 517 [255 - 950] h, p &lt; 0.001), ICU stays (12 [8 – 19] vs. 27 [13 – 51] d, p &lt; 0.001), and hospital stays (19 [12 - 29] d vs. 31 [16 - 58] d, p &lt; 0.001). Peak Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Simplified Acute Physiology Score, PaO2/FiO2, interleukin-6, and procalcitonin values were reached before the peak nRBC level. However, the predictive performance of the SOFA (AUCROC 0.842, p &lt; 0.001) was considerably improved when a maximum SOFA score &gt;8 and nRBC &gt;105 µl-1 were combined.DiscussionnRBC predict ICU mortality and indicate disease severity among patients with COVID-19 ARDS, and they should be considered a clinical alarm signal for a worse outcome. nRBC are a late predictor of ICU mortality compared to other established clinical scoring systems and laboratory parameters but improve the prediction accuracy when combined with the SOFA score.
A prognostic model based on DNA methylation-related gene expression for predicting overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Luo Jin , Zhu Wan-Cui , Chen Qiu-Xia , Yang Chang-Fu , Huang Bi-Jun , Zhang Shi-Jun 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to increase in morbidity and mortality among all types of cancer. DNA methylation, an important epigenetic modification, is associated with cancer occurrence and progression. The objective of this study was to establish a model based on DNA methylation risk scores for identifying new potential therapeutic targets in HCC and preventing cancer progression.MethodsTranscriptomic, clinical, and DNA methylation data on 374 tumor tissues and 50 adjacent normal tissues were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas–Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma database. The gene expression profiles of the GSE54236 liver cancer dataset, which contains data on 161 liver tissue samples, were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. We analyzed the relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression levels after identifying the differentially methylated and expressed genes. Then, we developed and validated a risk score model based on the DNA methylation-driven genes. A tissue array consisting of 30 human hepatocellular carcinoma samples and adjacent normal tissues was used to assess the protein and mRNA expression levels of the marker genes by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR, respectively.ResultsThree methylation-related differential genes were identified in our study: GLS, MEX3B, and GNA14. The results revealed that their DNA methylation levels were negatively correlated with local gene expression regulation. The gene methylation levels correlated strongly with the prognosis of patients with liver cancer. This was confirmed by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical verification of the expression of these genes or proteins in tumors and adjacent tissues. These results revealed the relationship between the level of relevant gene methylation and the prognosis of patients with liver cancer as well as the underlying cellular and biological mechanisms. This allows our gene signature to provide more accurate and appropriate predictions for clinical applications.ConclusionThrough bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation, we obtained three DNA methylation marker: GLS, MEX3B, and GNA14. This helps to predict the prognosis and may be a potential therapeutic target for HCC patients.
In vitro cytotoxicity of Withania somnifera (L.) roots and fruits on oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines: a study supported by flow cytometry, spectral, and computational investigations
Authors: Al Awadh Ahmed Abdullah , Sakagami Hiroshi , Amano Shigeru , Sayed Ahmed M. , Abouelela Mohamed E. , Alhasaniah Abdulaziz Hassan , Aldabaan Nayef , Refaey Mohamed S. , Abdelhamid Reda A. , Khalil Heba M. A. , Hamdan Dalia I. , Abdel-Sattar El-Shaymaa , Orabi Mohamed A. A. 
Published: January 2024

Oral cancer is a severe health problem that accounts for an alarmingly high number of fatalities worldwide. Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal has been extensively studied against various tumor cell lines from different body organs, rarely from the oral cavity. We thus investigated the cytotoxicity of W. somnifera fruits (W-F) and roots (W-R) hydromethanolic extracts and their chromatographic fractions against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines [Ca9-22 (derived from gingiva), HSC-2, HSC-3, and HSC-4 (derived from tongue)] and three normal oral mesenchymal cells [human gingival fibroblast (HGF), human periodontal ligament fibroblast (HPLF), and human pulp cells (HPC)] in comparison to standard drugs. The root polar ethyl acetate (W-R EtOAc) and butanol (W-R BuOH) fractions exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity against the Ca9-22 cell line (CC50 = 51.8 and 40.1 μg/mL, respectively), which is relatively the same effect as 5-FU at CC50 = 69.4 μM and melphalan at CC50 = 36.3 μM on the same cancer cell line. Flow cytometric analysis revealed changes in morphology as well as in the cell cycle profile of the W-R EtOAc and W-R BuOH-treated oral cancer Ca9-22 cells compared to the untreated control. The W-R EtOAc (125 μg/mL) exerted morphological changes and induced subG1 accumulation, suggesting apoptotic cell death. A UHPLC MS/MS analysis of the extract enabled the identification of 26 compounds, mainly alkaloids, withanolides, withanosides, and flavonoids. Pharmacophore-based inverse virtual screening proposed that BRD3 and CDK2 are the cancer-relevant targets for the annotated withanolides D (18) and O (12), and the flavonoid kaempferol (11). Molecular modeling studies highlighted the BRD3 and CDK2 as the most probable oncogenic targets of anticancer activity of these molecules. These findings highlight W. somnifera’s potential as an affordable source of therapeutic agents for a range of oral malignancies.
A 16-week school-based intervention improves physical fitness in Slovenian children: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Petrušič Tanja , Novak Dario 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 16-week school-based physical activity (PA) intervention on physical fitness (PF) (speed, hand-eye coordination, flexibility) of 8– to 9-year-olds.Methods: A total of seventy-eight boys and girls (boys: n = 45, aged 8.4 ± 4.9 years; girls: n = 42, aged 8.6 ± 0.5 years) from a school in Slovenia were randomly assigned to either a group with an after-school PA program (EXP) or a control group (CON) that participated exclusively in mandatory physical education (PE). The EXP group engaged in the extracurricular PA program for 60 min twice a week for 16 weeks, concurrent with regular PE classes. The program primarily involved elementary PE games that included elements of athletics (e.g., skipping, push- off running, hopping, crossstepping, and jumping) and gymnastics (e.g., handstand, forward roll, backward roll, hand support jumps, squat jump on a vault box, climbing on horizontal bars, incline benches and ropes, crawling, and jumping rope). Standardized tests appropriate for this age group were used to assess PF, including the sit and reach test (SAR), the 30-meter sprint, and the alternate hand wall toss test at distances of 1.0 and 2.0 m (AHWT 1.0 and 2.0).Results: There was a significant group-time interaction for SAR test (EXP group increase: +1.6 cm, +6.3%; CON group decrease: −0.1 cm, −0.4%; p &lt; 0.001, ηp2 = 0.361), and the 30 m sprint (EXP group improvement: −0.4 s, −6.3%; CON group decrease: +0.1 s, +1.6%; p &lt; 0.001, ηp2 = 0.193). Similarly, the EXP group improved by +2.1 points (+25.6%) in the 1.0 m wall throw with the alternating hand, while the CON group showed only minimal changes (−0.2 points, −2.4%; p &lt; 0.001, ηp2 = 0.545). No significant interaction was found for the 2.0 m toss (EXP and CON group both −0.1 points, −2.6%; p = 0.888, ηp2 = 0.001). Post-hoc analyses with paired t-tests revealed that the EXP group showed significant improvements in SAR test (p &lt; 0.001), 30 m sprint (p &lt; 0.001) and AHWT 1.0 test (p &lt; 0.001), while the CON group showed no significant changes in SAR test (p = 0.533), 30 m sprint (p = 0.150), AHWT 1.0 test (p = 0.186) and AHWT 2.0 test (p = 0.430).Discussion: The results of the study showed that the extracurricular program with only two additional weekly sessions significantly improved the components of PF in 8- to 9-year olds. Significant improvements were observed in the areas of flexibility, speed and coordination, as shown in the SAR test, 30-meter sprint and 1.0-meter handwall toss tests. However, no similar improvements were observed in the 2.0-meter handwall toss, which illustrates the specific areas of impact of the program.
Sexual harassment exposure among junior high school students in Norway: prevalence and associated factors
Authors: Bonsaksen Tore , Steigen Anne Mari , Granrud Marie Dahlen , Dangmann Cecilie Ruud , Stea Tonje Holte 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundSexual harassment is common in most countries and cultures. Less is known about sexual harassment, its risk factors, and psychosocial outcomes among young adolescents. The aim of the study was to examine the 12-month prevalence of sexual harassment exposure, and sociodemographic and psychosocial factors associated with exposure among junior high school students in Norway.MethodsA comprehensive cross-sectional study was completed by 83,297 Norwegian adolescents in junior high school in 2021. Data on exposure to sexual harassment were used in combination with sociodemographic measures and psychosocial outcomes: depressive symptoms, loneliness, self-esteem, and well-being. Group differences were analyzed with Chi Square tests, and sociodemographic risk factors were analyzed with logistic regression. Psychosocial outcomes were assessed with multivariate and univariate ANOVAs, and dose–response relationships were assessed with linear regression.ResultsAmong the adolescents, 32.6% had experienced sexual harassment during the past year. Girls had higher odds of exposure (OR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.84–1.96), whereas adolescents whose parents had higher education had lower odds (OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.90–0.99). Exposure was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms (partial η2 [ES] = 0.11) and loneliness (ES = 0.07), and with lower self-esteem (ES = 0.06) and well-being (ES = 0.06). Among exposed adolescents, more frequent exposure was associated with poorer outcomes.ConclusionExposure to sexual harassment affects one third of junior high school students in Norway. Those who are exposed have poorer psychosocial outcomes, and there is a dose–response relationship between exposure and outcomes. Awareness of sexual harassment among young adolescents, and interventions to prevent and reduce it, are needed.
RTK+OSNMA Positioning for Road Applications: An Experimental Performance Analysis in Finland
Authors: Vallet García José M. , Bhuiyan M. Zahidul H. 
Published: January 2024

We compare the performance of dual-band (GPS L1/L2 and Galileo E1/E5a) real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning in an open sky and urban scenarios in southern Finland using two different authentication schemes: one using only satellites authenticated by Galileo’s open service navigation message authentication (OSNMA) service (which at the moment of our tests led to using only authenticated Galileo satellites) and the other with no authentication. The results show the actual trade-off between accuracy and availability vs. authenticity associated with using only OSNMA-authenticated satellites, while the authentication of only Galileo satellites is possible (e.g., a drop of RTK positioning availability from 96.67 to 86.01% in our open sky and from 73.55 to 18.65% in our urban scenarios, respectively), and an upper bound of the potential performance that could be reached in similar experimental conditions had the authentication of GPS satellites been supported (e.g., an overall 14 cm and 10.20 m 95% horizontal accuracy in our open sky and urban scenarios, with below 30, 20 and 10 cm during 97.39, 96.03 and 92.43% of the time in the open sky and 49.12, 45.96 and 39.63% in the urban scenarios, respectively).
Quantifying Ultrafiltration in Peritoneal Dialysis Using the Sodium Dip
Authors: Helman Jakob , Wahlgren Hedda , Andersson Linn , Morelle Johann , Öberg Carl M. 
Published: January 2024

Key Points

Ultrafiltration (UF) is a key component of clinical peritoneal dialysis prescription, but the traditional method to assess UF is hampered by large inaccuracies.Here we propose a novel method, based on a computational model and on a single dialysate sodium measurement, to accurately estimate UF and osmotic conductance to glucose in patients on peritoneal dialysis.

Background
Volume overload is highly prevalent among patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD), contributes to hypertension, and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and death in this population. As a result, optimizing peritoneal ultrafiltration (UF) is a key component of high-quality dialysis prescription. Osmotic conductance to glucose (OCG) reflects the water transport properties of the peritoneum, but measuring it requires an accurate quantification of UF, which is often difficult to obtain because of variability in catheter patency and peritoneal residual volume.

Methods
In this study, we derived a new mathematical model for estimating UF during PD, on the basis of sodium sieving, using a single measure of dialysate sodium concentration. The model was validated experimentally in a rat model of PD, using dialysis fluid with two different sodium concentrations (125 and 134 mmol/L) and three glucose strengths (1.5%, 2.3%, and 4.25%). Then, the same model was tested in a cohort of PD patients to predict UF.

Results
In experimental and clinical conditions, the sodium-based estimation of UF rate correlated with UF rate measurements on the basis of volumetry and albumin dilution, with a R

2
=0.35 and R

2
=0.76, respectively. UF on the basis of sodium sieving was also successfully used to calculate OCG in the clinical cohort, with a Pearson r of 0.77.

Conclusions
Using the novel mathematical models in this study, the sodium dip can be used to accurately estimate OCG, and therefore, it is a promising measurement method for future clinical use.
¿Cómo impactan las variables no-cognitivas el aprendizaje de los adolescentes en matemáticas en postpandemia ?
Authors: Ovalle Ramirez Claudia Patricia 
Published: January 2024

El presente artículo hace una propuesta de modelo estructural teórico de los efectos de la salud mental tras la pandemia sobre el aprendizaje matemático en adolescentes. Método: En 3 instituciones educativas (municipal/subvencionada/privada) se aplicará una prueba de tamizaje de depresión y ansiedad post pandemia para adolescentes entre 14 a 17 años con consentimiento informado. Entre estos estudiantes, se invitará aquellos que presentan niveles medio, medio alto y altos de síntomas ansiosos o depresivos a una sesión en la que se recogerán en laboratorio medidas psicofisiológicas (potencial evocado y seguimiento ocular), medidas psicológicas (apego) y neuropsicológicas (función ejecutiva), mientras el adolescente lleva a cabo una prueba en computador (razonamiento cuantitativo). Muestra: por conveniencia de tamaño aproximado n=90 (45 adolescentes entre los 12 y 14 años y 45 adolescentes entre los 15-17 años) Análisis de datos Se propone hacer SEM con R (paquete lavaan) considerando como variable de resultado el razonamiento cuantitativo (aritmética y balanzas de la prueba WISC-V) y como moderadores el género, edad y el decil de ingreso. Resultados esperados: El modelo propuesto tiene bondad de ajuste y explica la variabilidad del razonamiento cuantitativo.
Palabras clave: Covid-19, variables no cognitivas, Razonamiento matemático, Adolescencia.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW: HUBUNGAN KEBIASAAN KONSUMSI MINUMAN MANIS DENGAN KARIES GIGI ANAK
Authors: Anastasia Danica 
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Berdasarkan data RISKESDAS tahun 2018 kejadian karies pada anak-anak Indonesia adalah sebesar 93%. Anak usia sekolah dasar (6-12 tahun) rentan mengalami karies gigi, karena pada usia ini anak memiliki kebiasaan jajan dan sering mengonsumsi minuman manis.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau hubungan kebiasaan konsumsi minuman manis terhadap terjadinya karies gigi pada anak.
Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan berupa tinjauan pustaka sistematis dengan analisis kualitatif. Literatur full text yang digunakan merupakan artikel dengan Bahasa Indonesia danBbahasa Inggris terbitan 10 tahun terakhir. Sampel populasi pada tinjauan pustaka ini adalah anak-anak usia sekolah dasar usia 6-12 tahun.
Hasil: Database yang digunakan adalah Google Schoolar, PubMed, dan Science Direct.Terdapat enam puluh artikel dengan 22 abstrak yang sesuai kriteria, dan artikel full-text yang digunakan sebanyak tujuh artikel. Ditemukan bahwa anak-anak yang memiliki kebiasaan mengonsumsi minuman manis berisiko mengalami karies gigi.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan kebiasaan konsumsi minuman manis dengan karies gigi pada anak.