bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of push-out bond strength, dentinal tubule penetration and adhesive pattern of bio-ceramic and epoxy resin-based root canal sealers
Authors: Karobari Mohmed Isaqali , Batul Rumesa , Snigdha Niher Tabassum Siddiqua , AL-Rawas Matheel , Noorani Tahir Yusuf 
Published: November 2023

Introduction
Root canal sealing materials play a crucial role in an endodontic procedure by forming a bond between the dentinal walls and the gutta-percha. The current study aims to analyse the dentinal tubule penetration and adhesive pattern, including the push-out bond strength of six commercially available root canal sealers.

Methodology
Eighty-four mandibular first premolars were split into seven groups (and n = 12), Group 1: Dia-Root, Group 2: One-Fil, Group 3: BioRoot RCS, Group 4: AH Plus, Group 5: CeraSeal, Group 6: iRoot SP, Group 7: GP without sealer (control). Two groups were made, one for dentinal tubule penetration and the other for push-out bond strength; the total sample size was one hundred sixty-eight. Root canal treatment was performed using a method called the crown down technique, and for obturation, the single cone technique was used. A confocal laser scanning microscope (Leica, Microsystem Heidel GmbH, Version 2.00 build 0585, Germany) was used to evaluate dentinal tubule penetration, and Universal Testing Machine was utilised to measure the push-out bond strength (Shimadzu, Japan) using a plunger size of 0.4 mm and speed of 1mm/min. Finally, the adhesive pattern of the sealers was analysed by HIROX digital microscope (KH-7700). Statistical analysis was carried out by a one-way Anova test, Dunnet’s T3 test, and Chi-square test.

Results
Highest dentinal tubule penetration was noticed with One-Fil (p<0.05), followed by iRoot SP, CeraSeal, AH Plus, Dia-Root also, the most negligible value was recorded for BioRoot RCS. Meanwhile, BioRoot RCS (p<0.05) demonstrated the greater value of mean push-out bond strength, followed by One-fil, iRoot SP, CeraSeal, AH Plus and Dia-Root. Regarding adhesive pattern, most of the samples were classified as type 3 and type 4 which implies greater sealing ability and better adherence to the dentinal wall. However, BioRoot RCS revealed the most type 4 (p<0.05), followed by AH Plus, One-Fil, CeraSeal and Dia-Root.

Conclusion
The highest dentinal tubule penetration was shown by One-Fil compared to other groups. Meanwhile, BioRoot RCS had greater push-out bond strength and more adhesive pattern than other tested materials.
A core outcome set for evaluating the effectiveness of mixed-diagnosis falls prevention interventions for people with Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s Disease and stroke
Authors: O’Malley Nicola , Coote Susan , Staunton Fiona McCullough , O’Connor Eileen , Clifford Amanda M. 
Published: November 2023

Introduction
Clinical trials evaluating the effectiveness of falls prevention interventions for people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and stroke measure heterogeneous outcomes, often omitting those meaningful to patients. A core outcome set (COS) is a standardised set of outcomes that should be assessed in all trials within a research area. The aim of this study was to develop a COS for evaluating mixed-diagnosis falls prevention interventions for people with MS, PD and stroke in non-acute and community settings, with input from relevant stakeholder groups.

Methods
Previously published research undertaken by the team, including a qualitative study with 20 patients and a review of the literature, were used to derive a longlist of potential outcomes. Outcomes were prioritised for inclusion in the COS using a three-round online Delphi survey. A multi-stakeholder, consensus meeting was conducted to agree upon the final COS and to provide a recommendation for a single outcome measure for each outcome in the COS.

Results
Forty-eight participants were recruited across four stakeholder groups (researchers, patients, clinicians, and service-planners/policymakers). A total of 42 participants (87.5%) completed all three rounds of the surveys. Sixty-two outcomes were considered for inclusion in the COS throughout the Delphi process. A total of 15 participants attended the consensus meeting where they agreed upon the final COS and accompanying measurement instruments: fall incidence, injurious fall incidence, quality of life, falls self-efficacy, fear of falling, activity curtailment due to fear of falling, and cost-effectiveness. Attendees at the consensus meeting recommended that the proposed mechanism of impact of an intervention is considered when selecting additional outcomes outside of those in the COS to assess.

Conclusions
This study identified a COS for evaluating the effectiveness of mixed-diagnosis falls prevention interventions for people with MS, PD and stroke. It is recommended that this COS and accompanying measurement instruments be used in all future trials in this research area so that findings can be combined and compared.
Analysis of the relationship between students’ argumentation and chemical representational ability: a case study of hybrid learning oriented in the environmental chemistry course
Authors: Ramadhani Dimas Gilang , Yamtinah Sri , Saputro Sulistyo , Widoretno Sri 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Engaging students in collaborative learning fosters the expression of ideas, deepens understanding, and hones argumentation skills. Argumentation is pivotal, and instructors should facilitate opportunities for its practice. In the study on an environmental chemistry course, class conversations were recorded to analyze students’ contributions to online learning. Participants shared opinions, raised objections, and built on others’ answers. The instructor played a crucial role in harmonizing collaboration and guiding comprehensive argumentation. The study found claims and data as the most basic and common elements of argumentation. However, more complex components like rebuttal and backing warrants often need instructor intervention. While claims and data typically relied on one form of representation, such as macroscopic or symbolic, warrants demanded multiple dimensions, predominantly symbolic and submicroscopic. Toulmin’s arguments and Mahaffy’s tetrahedral ability of chemical representation were used for analysis. The findings highlighted that argumentation skills and chemical representation are intertwined, with certain argumentative components calling for specific representational dimensions. Collaborative online learning, thus, can enhance student participation and multifaceted skill development.
Road cut slope stability analysis for static and dynamic (pseudo-static analysis) loading conditions
Authors: Meko Leta , Chemeda Yadeta C. , Meko Bikila 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Slope instability has been identified as one of the most natural and man-made disasters that can lead to the life of humans in danger and enormous loss of capital. The roads which pass on the hilly and mountainous terrains are frequently affected by slope failures since hilly and mountainous areas are characterized by variable topographical, geological, hydrological, and land-use conditions. Slope stability analysis was carried out using FEM (plaxis 2D) and LEM (slide software). The stability analysis covers both static and dynamic (in pseudo-static analysis) loading conditions on soil and rock material along selected critical slope sections. Two soil-critical slope sections and two rock-critical slope sections are analyzed in this study. The strength reduction method and method of the slice with Mohr–Coulomb model were used in FEM and LEM, respectively. The slope stability analysis was carried out for both dry and wet states of the soil and rock material along the critical slope sections (i.e., static dry, dynamic dry, static wet, and dynamic wet). The analysis result shows that the total displacement of the slope along soil critical slope section one is (0.58703, 0.58755, 2.35, and 2.38 m), along soil critical slope section two is (0.6574, 0.6621, 1.2841, and 1.2872 m), along rock-critical slope section one is (4.8624, 4.8672, 17.8463, and 17.8512 m) and total displacement along rock-critical slope section two is (3.8365, 3.8391, 11.437, and 11.6275 m) during static dry, dynamic dry, static wet, and dynamic wet loading conditions, respectively. In general, the result shows soil critical slope sections one and two are stable in dry conditions and unstable in wet conditions. Rock-critical slope sections are stable during the dry and wet states of the slope.
Effect of habitual breakfast skipping on information processing capacity, cortical response, and cognitive flexibility among medical collegiate – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jennifer Anugraha , Srinivasan Krishnan , Raj Jeneth Berlin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Breakfast replenishes glucose homeostasis and provides other micro-nutrients for the normal functioning of the body after a long night at night. Habitually skipping breakfast leads not only to metabolic disturbances but also to neurocognitive impairment. Hence, the current study was carried out to study the effect of skipping breakfast on neurocognitive functions.

Methods
A 9-item breakfast questionnaire was distributed online to students for identifying habitual breakfast skippers from non-skippers based on inclusion criteria. Random blood glucose was noted and visual and auditory reaction time, critical flicker fusion frequency, and Stroop test were assessed in both groups to assess cognition.

Results
Forty one habitual breakfast skippers who met the inclusion criteria showed increased visual reaction time, and auditory reaction time indicating cognitive impairment. A significant reduction in the Stroop test was observed among the non-skipper group when compared to the skipper group.

Conclusions
This study suggests that skipping breakfast diminishes neurocognitive functions like problem-solving, planning, judgment, information retention, and reasoning.
Kann Familie Religion? Religiöse Familiensozialisation im Spiegel der sechsten Kirchenmitgliedschaftsuntersuchung
Authors: Findeis Hagen 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag diskutiert familienbezogene Daten der sechsten Kirchenmitgliedschaftsuntersuchung. Im Fokus steht die Fähigkeit von Familie, christlichen Glauben an nachfolgende Generationen weiterzugeben. Den Daten werden qualitative Befunde gegenübergestellt. Diese betreffen die Frage, welche familiären Konstellationen dazu beitragen, dass Menschen sich an religiösen Orientierungen ausrichten, sie ggf. verändern und wie diese Orientierungen über mehrere Generationen hinweg weitergegeben werden. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass die familiäre Sozialisation für die Weitergabe des Glaubens wichtig ist. Ihrer Verbindung mit kirchlichen Angeboten wie Kasualien kommt primär eine formal sozialisierende Rolle zu. Unabhängig von ihrer religiösen Disposition ist Familie vor allem auf ihre Selbsterhaltung angelegt und tradiert sich selbst. Ihre kulturelle Reproduktionsfähigkeit ist in hohem Maße kontextabhängig.
Automatic generation of high-fidelity representative volume elements and computational homogenization for the determination of thermal conductivity in foamed concretes
Authors: Fachinotti Víctor D. , Peralta Ignacio , Toro Sebastián , Storti Bruno A. , Caggiano Antonio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFoamed concretes are highly porous materials with excellent insulation properties. Their thermal conductivity is strongly dependent on the pore structure, characterized by the porosity as well as the shape and size distribution of pores. To define the representative volume element (RVE) of foamed concretes with high fidelity, we develop NRGene, an automatic generator of cubic samples with spherical air inclusions whose number and size obey a given distribution. We compute the effective thermal conductivity tensor for a given RVE using finite-element-based computational homogenization. The hi-fi RVE of foamed concretes may contain hundreds of millions of finite elements, making it better suited for benchmarking than for everyday engineering applications. Then, having the hi-fi model as benchmark, we propose a simplified model consisting of the hi-fi model called with a truncated histogram as input, which is largely cheaper while keeping a satisfactory accuracy. We model 21 different foamed concretes with a wide range of porosities and different compositions of the cement paste. Further, we demonstrate that it is the volume of all the pores of a given size, and not its quantity, what affects the effective thermal conductivity of foamed concretes.
Erişkin hastalarda semptomatik Meckel Divertikülü: Tek merkez 6 yıllık klinik deneyim ve sonuçlarımız
Authors: UÇANER Burak , ÇİFTÇİ Mehmet Sabri 
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Meckel divertikülü (MD), doğum sonrasında omfalomezenterik veya vitellin kanalın tam olmayan obliterasyonu sonucunda oluşan embriyolojik bir kalıntıdır ve gastrointestinal sistemin en sık gözlenen konjenital anomalisidir. MD genellikle asemptomatik olup; genellikle çocuk hasta popülasyonunda semptom vermektedir. Bu çalışmada; akut batının ayırıcı tanısında önemli yeri olan, preoperatif dönemde tanı konulmasının zor olduğu MD’nin güncel literatür bilgileri eşliğinde klinikopatolojik özelliklerinin analizi ve sonuçların incelenmesi amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ocak 2017 - Ocak 2023 tarihleri arasında genel cerrahi kliniğinde Meckel divertikülü tanısı alan ve ameliyat edilen hastalar retrospektif olarak tarandı. Çalışmaya 18 yaşın altındaki hastalar ve inflamatuar bağırsak hastalığı tanısı olan hastalar dahil edilmedi. Hastaların preoperatif, intraoperatif ve postoperatif verileri incelenerek analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 22 olgunun yaş ortalaması 44,6 ± 14,6 yaş (20-74 yaş) idi. 16 olgu erkek, 6 olgu ise kadındı. Erkek/kadın oranı 2,7/1 idi. 7 olguda komorbid hastalık mevcuttu. Karın ağrısı (%72.7) en sık gözlenen semptom iken histopatolojik değerlendirmede 9 olguda heterotopik doku izlendi. Postoperatif cerrahi komplikasyon 6 hastada izlenirken en sık gözlenen komplikasyonun ileus (3 hasta) olduğu saptandı. Postoperatif süreçte bir hastada mortalite gözlendi.
Sonuç: MD akut batında ayırıcı tanıda her zaman akılda bulundurulması gereken patolojilerdendir. Tanıda gecikilmesi ve ameliyat esnasında gözden kaçması özellikle semptomatik olan hastalarda ve başka akut batın sebepleri ile ilişkilendirilebilen patolojilerde mortalite ve morbidite oranlarını artırmaktadır.
Numerical modeling and simulation of the flow drill screw process for joining A365 and A6N01 multi-material joints
Authors: Lyu Shuqiang , Ding Jing , Cui Jie , Li Bin , Sun Guanyue , Wang Gongchong , Wei Yunwei , Li Xinxin , Zhao Yan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Multi-material joints are becoming more prevalent in various manufacturing processes due to their excellent mechanical characteristics and lightweight design. In particular, joining metals of dissimilar materials, such as heterogeneous aluminum alloy, is challenging due to the mismatch of material properties and processing characteristics. Flow drill screw (FDS) technology has emerged as a promising method for achieving a reliable and durable joint between dissimilar materials. This work extensively simulates and examines the flow drill screw process for a multi-material joint of aluminum alloys A365 and A6N01. The Deform-3D software and the finite element method (FEM) were employed to generate the numerical simulation model. The thermomechanical behavior of the joint during the FDS process was considered in the model, including material flow, deformation, and temperature distribution. The simulation results indicate that the large amounts of frictional heat generated by the materials and screw cause the temperature distribution around the joint area to grow considerably non-uniform. The model shows that the screw's rotation speed, screw penetration depth, and material deformation behavior significantly affect joint strength. Higher rotation speeds generate more heat and greater tool deformation, thus reducing joint strength. The simulated results are compared with the experimental results. They are found to be in good agreement, demonstrating that the model can serve as a valuable tool for optimizing the FDS process for multi-material joining applications.
Total Sleep Deprivation enhances the brain's response to emotional faces, especially in cerebellum : an fMRI study of Young Females
Authors: Chen Dongyang , Huang Shaoyun , Sun Yueji , Wang Xuemei , Li Qian , Mu Yanli 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Investigate the impact of sleep deprivation on emotional face processing in young females
Methods: A self-control design involving two functional neuroimaging scans were conducted one month apart. One scan followed a typical night of sleep (SC), and the other followed a total night of sleep deprivation (TSD). Fourteen healthy young females were participants, with a mean age of 21.07±1.33 years (range 20-22 years), all in their follicular phase. They performed the face viewing task, which contains three long blocks, HAPPY-NEUTRAL block, FEAR-NEUTRAL block, and SAD-NEUTRAL block. Each block consisted of 6 groups of pictures. We evaluated the 4 emotions separately under the 2 conditions.ROI analysis was done by the SPM.marsbar toolbox.
Results: Behavior results: all participants felt anxious, fatigued, and lower vigor after sleep deprivation. Imaging results (TSD>SC): When CFT was set as 3.09 (equivalent to p = 0.001), only the activation caused by NEUTRAL and SAD FACES was observed. The left cerebellum IV-VI, vermis VI, X, and cerebellum Crus 1 were significantly activated under NEUTRAL FACES. In contrast, cerebellar vermis VI and the left cerebellum Crus 1 were significantly activated under SAD FACES. No results were obtained under HAPPY FACES or FEAR FACES.
Conclusion: Total sleep deprivation enhances the brain's response to NEUTRAL and SAD FACES, especially in the left cerebellum IV-VI, vermis VI, X, and cerebellum Crus 1.
Brain-wide neural recordings in mice navigating physical spaces enabled by a cranial exoskeleton
Authors: Kodandaramaiah Suhasa , Hope James , Beckerle Travis , Cheng Pin-Hao , Viavattine Zoey , Feldkamp Michael , Fausner Skylar , Saxena Kapil , Ko Eunsong , Hryb Ihor , Carter Russell , Ebner Timothy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Complex behaviors are mediated by neural computations occurring throughout the brain. In recent years, tremendous progress has been made in developing technologies that can record neural activity at cellular resolution at multiple spatial and temporal scales. However, these technologies are primarily designed for studying the mammalian brain during head fixation – wherein the behavior of the animal is highly constrained. Miniaturized devices for studying neural activity in freely behaving animals are largely confined to recording from small brain regions owing to performance limitations. We present a cranial exoskeleton that assists mice in maneuvering neural recording headstages that are orders of magnitude larger and heavier than the mice, while they navigate physical behavioral environments. Force sensors embedded within the headstage are used to detect the mouse’s milli-Newton scale cranial forces which then control the x, y, and yaw motion of the exoskeleton via an admittance controller. We discovered optimal controller tuning parameters that enable mice to locomote at physiologically realistic velocities and accelerations while maintaining natural walking gait. Mice maneuvering headstages weighing up to 1.5 kg can make turns, navigate 2D arenas, and perform a navigational decision-making task with the same performance as when freely behaving. We designed an imaging headstage and an electrophysiology headstage for the cranial exoskeleton to record brain-wide neural activity in mice navigating 2D arenas. The imaging headstage enabled recordings of Ca2+ activity of 1000s of neurons distributed across the dorsal cortex. The electrophysiology headstage supported independent control of up to 4 silicon probes, enabling simultaneous recordings from 100s of neurons across multiple brain regions and multiple days. Cranial exoskeletons provide flexible platforms for largescale neural recording during the exploration of physical spaces, a critical new paradigm for unraveling the brain-wide neural mechanisms that control complex behavior.
One-shot procedures for efficient minimum compliance topology optimization
Authors: Amir Oded 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a one-shot approach for minimum compliance topology optimization is investigated. In the convex case of variable thickness sheet optimization, an optimality criteria scheme with a single step of an iterative state solver converges to the same solutions as an accurate procedure. This remarkable behavior is explained by the crucial role of the geometric multigrid preconditioner, that generates accurate design sensitivities on a coarse scale. When applied to SIMP-based topology optimization, a one-shot procedure yields designs with the same primary load-transferring features as an accurate procedure. The difference is in the absence and presence of thin features that have a relatively minor impact on the objective. Several practical remedies are suggested that can close the small performance gaps between the one-shot procedure and an accurate one. The solution scheme is directly applicable to large-scale problems executed on parallel computers, allowing for significant computational savings.
Light-Weight Slow-Rate Attack Detection Framework for Resource-Constrained Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Zahid Farzana , Kuo Matthew M.Y. , Sinha Roopak 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (ICPS) are heterogenous computer systems interacting withphysical processes in an industrial environment. The high degree of distribution and interconnectedness poses significant security threats to ICPS, including Slow−Rate Attacks (SRA ). SRA often exploit system vulnerabilities arising from the inherent limitations of resource-constrained ICPS computers like programmable logic controller (PLC). Existing literature identify several challenges in detecting and classifying SRA in resource-constrained ICPS. In this article, we propose an optimised Online Sequential−Extreme Learning Machine (OSELM)-based, novel light-weight active security framework for SRA detection. We reduce the memory and space footprint of OSELM through optimisation techniques for deployment in resource-constrained ICPS. Also, we introduce a simple stratified k-fold cross training method to improve the binary and multi-class SRA- detection capability of the proposed framework, focusing on performance and accuracy of attack detection. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed framework can effectively and efficiently detect binary and multi-class SRA with an accuracy of 0.975 and 0.96 with average detection times of 0.03 and 0.04 sec, respectively, using less than 3 MB of memory and 10-12% of CPU usage in PLC-based ICPS.