bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond content: exploring the neglected dimensions of mathematics literacy
Authors: Fang Zhihui , Chapman Suzanne , Kellogg Geoffrey C. , Commeret Michelle 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBecoming mathematically literate means not only knowledge of the content of mathematics but also understanding of the nature of mathematics and the literate practices involved in the creation, communication, and consumption of its content. This case study examined one mathematician’s view of the nature of mathematics and his literate practices. Data collected include semi-structured interviews with the mathematician, observations of his daily work routines, and his think-alouds during the reading of a disciplinary text. These data were analyzed qualitatively through an iterative process involving multiple readings and identification and refinement of codes. The analysis revealed that the mathematician (a) viewed mathematics as rigorous and demanding, both theoretical and practical, relatively stable but highly rewarding, interconnected with other disciplines, and involving discipline-legitimated discursive practices; (b) engaged in extensive reading/viewing and writing, valued learning from repeated trials and errors, and collaborated with an international network of peers in research; (c) used a range of reading strategies (e.g. close reading, summarizing, questioning, storying, evaluating, annotating) to help him make sense of the disciplinary text; and (d) marshaled both verbal and visual resources to create specialized knowledge, engage in rigorous reasoning, develop logical argument, and construct professional identity. These findings provide important insights that can help teachers design activities that are authentic to mathematics practices and effective for promoting mathematics literacy.
Wirtschaftliche Vereine (§ 22 BGB)
Authors: Hamann Hanjo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

471Wenige Vorschriften des bürgerlichen Rechts wurden so oft totgesagt und zugleich so heftig debattiert wie § 22 BGB, der die staatliche Konzessionierung wirtschaftlicher Vereine ermöglicht. Seit Erlass des BGB wird die Streichung oder Ersetzung dieser Vorschrift immer wieder erwogen – und allein in den letzten dreißig Jahren mindestens vier Mal konkret versucht. Und dennoch gilt § 22 BGB seit über 120 Jahren praktisch unverändert. Ist die Vorschrift bloß totes „law on the books“ oder ist der Wirtschaftsverein tatsächlich eine verbreitete Rechtsform? Das weiß bislang niemand so genau, denn seit vierzig Jahren fehlen jegliche Rechtstatsachen. Diese Lücke füllt die vorliegende Studie. In einer 14-monatigen Erhebung sollte von 65 Landes- und Kommunalbehörden erstmals eine Gesamtliste der deutschen Wirtschaftsvereine zusammengetragen werden. Mit 1.033 nachweisbaren Vereinen und einer geschätzten Dunkelziffer von einigen Hundert weiteren existieren in Deutschland mehr Wirtschaftsvereine als SE, EWIV und KGaA zusammen. Die Untersuchung dieser Vereine nach ihrer zeitlichen und regionalen Verteilung sowie ihren Tätigkeitsschwerpunkten ergibt erstmals belastbare Befunde für die seit langem angemahnte rechtspolitische Neubewertung – und weckt Zweifel an der aus historischer Bequemlichkeit beibehaltenen Möglichkeit, bürgerliche Rechtsfähigkeit durch kommunale Konzessionsbehörden verleihen und überwachen zu lassen.
Testing and Evaluation of the Spark Erosion Parameter for Machining Intermetallic Ceramic Composite for Enhancing Drilled Hole Accuracy
Authors: Selvarajan L. , Rajavel R. , Nair Anish , Chandrasekaran M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this work, molybdenum disilicide (MoSi2) and hard reinforcement particles, namely silicon carbide (SiC), have been used as matrix and reinforcement material, respectively. In general, SiC material is difficult to manufacture using traditional machining methods. As a result, electric discharge machining was utilized to investigate the geometrical tolerance of MoSi2-SiC composites. The orthogonal (L25) design is utilized to investigate the electrical discharge machining (EDM) process parameters such as dielectric pressure, current, gap voltage, pulse-off-time, and pulse-on-time. Material removal rate, surface roughness, wear rate, and drilled hole precision are investigated as measuring parameters. Analysis of variance, based on a determination of the desirability function, has revealed the much more crucial measurable parameter for enhanced output responses. In determining the effectiveness of the machining, the pulse current is significant parameter. The artificial neural network model has been utilized in this research work rather than the standard regression model. An optimal neural network with the highest correlation coefficient (0.949274) is discovered. Furthermore, the sparking EDM method significantly improves the composite desirability ratings for a variety of performance parameters, increasing them from 0.7466 to 0.7778. The improvement in composites desirability values obtained is 0.0312. Finally, a confirmation experiment is utilized to estimate the results, which demonstrate that spark erosion may be improved.
Effect of Different Decontamination Agents on The Bond Strength of CAD/CAM Blocks and Repair Composite Materials
Authors: Kopuz Dilan , Sancak Elif İlgi , Tekçe Neslihan 
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different decontamination agents on the bond strength of saliva-contaminated CAD/CAM blocks and repair composite materials. Two hunderd eighty 3-mm-thick specimens were prepared from four different CAD/CAM materials: Katana Zirconia UTML disc, IPS e.max CAD block, Shofu block, and Vita Enamic block. Each material was divided into seven different subgroups (N=70). Group 1 had a clean surface. The other groups were comprised of the samples, which were contaminated with human saliva: group 2: negative control (non-cleaned); group 3: cleaned with water spray; group 4: cleaned with 70% ethanol; group 5: cleaned with Ivoclean; group 6: cleaned with Katana Cleaner; and group 7: cleaned with phosphoric acid. After the decontamination protocols, the resin composite cylinders were bonded to the CAD/CAM surfaces with a thin layer of dual-cured resin cement. The samples were stored for 24 hours at 37°C in distilled water. Then, they were subjected to a shear bond strength test (SBS). The values were recorded, and fracture types were evaluated using a microscope. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test. Generally, all decontaminating agents improved the SBS of composites to Katana Zirconia UTML, IPS e.max, and Vita Enamic materials (p<0.05). However, for Shofu materials, group 6 samples exhibited significantly higher bond strength values as compared with group 2 samples (p=0.026). The highest SBS values were seen in the phosphoric acid-treated group in Katana zirconia materials (26.45 ± 9.38 MPa), whereas the lowest values were seen in group 2 samples in Shofu materials (13.17 ± 3.40 MPa). Each decontaminant agent improved the bond strength of composites to the contaminated CAD/CAM materials. If saliva is not cleaned before adhesive procedure, SBS values may decrease. All decontamination agents can be used safely on zirconia, lithium-disilicate glass-ceramic, hybrid ceramic, and polymer-infiltrated ceramic surfaces.
Influence of the harvesting seasons on the polyphenol composition and antimicrobial activity of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) extracts
Authors: Kőszegi K. , Végvári Gy. , Stefanovits-Bányai É. , Békássy-Molnár E. , Maráz A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe aim of our research was to study the water and ethanol extractable polyphenols of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) harvested in different seasons and to determine their antimicrobial activity against certain human pathogenic and food spoiling bacteria and yeasts.Our results indicate that the spring leaf extracts had higher polyphenol contents than the root one; however, close to the end of the vegetation period these values decreased considerably in both leaves and roots. Detection and quantification of the most abundant phenolic compounds in the spring extracts by HPLC revealed the occurrence of 12 different phenol carboxylic acids and flavonoids. Flavonoid compounds were more abundant than phenol carboxylic acids in the leaves; however, their proportion was equal in the case of the roots. Nettle leaf extracts had remarkable antimicrobial activity, the spring extracts were more efficient than the autumn ones. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were sensitive to every leaf extract, while Listeria monocytogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa had reduced but remarkable sensitivity patterns. Among the yeasts, Candida glabrata was strongly inhibited by the aqueous leaf extracts. Most of the strains were insensitive to the root extracts, although Enterococcus faecalis was inhibited by the root and not the leaf extracts.
Systemic Treatment for Advanced and Metastatic Non-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Examining Modern Therapeutic Strategies for a Notoriously Challenging Malignancy
Authors: Drobner Jake , Portal Daniella , Runcie Karie , Yang Yuanquan , Singer Eric A. 
Published: September 2023

Non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) is a heterogeneous group of malignancies that represents 25% of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cases. Treatment for non-clear cell histologies is mostly based on evidence from small phase II clinical trials or extrapolated from successful therapies in clear cell RCC because of the low incidence of non-clear cell pathology. Advances in genomic profiling have improved clinicians’ understanding of molecular targets for nccRCC, such as altered mesenchymal epithelial transition (MET) gene status and fumarate hydratase (FH) gene inactivation, but patient outcomes remain poor and optimal management of this disease remains unclear. This review assesses outcomes by histologic subtype from 27 prospective and 13 ongoing clinical trials to identify therapeutic strategies for advanced or metastatic nccRCC. Vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), such as sunitinib, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, such as everolimus, have demonstrated efficacy and remain viable treatment options, with a preference for sunitinib. However, everolimus is preferred in patients with chromophobe RCC because folliculin (FLCN) gene mutations upregulate the mTOR pathway. Novel TKIs, such as cabozantinib, show improved outcomes in patients with papillary RCC because of targeted MET inhibition. Platinum-based chemotherapy continues to be the recommended treatment strategy for collecting duct and medullary RCC. Clinically meaningful antitumor activity has been observed across all non-clear cell histologies for immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and ipilimumab. Ongoing trials are evaluating novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor and immunotherapy combination regimens, with an emphasis on the promising MET-inhibitor cabozantinib and pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib.
The Instituted Ministries of Readers and Acolytes: A Kairos for the Synodality of the Liturgy
Authors: Amherdt François-Xavier 
Published: September 2023

Among the proposals for the implementation of the motu proprio Spiritus Domini and Antiquum Ministerium of Pope Francis (2021), opening the instituted ministries also to women and to lay people not on the way to ordination, the Note of the Italian Bishops’ Conference of June 2022, is certainly one of the most relevant with respect to the discernment, formation and conditions of access of candidates. By receiving a sacramental from the bishop in a community liturgy, for a perennial ministry at the service of the Word of God, the care of the body of Christ in the Eucharist and in the sick, as well as for Christian initiation and small base communities, the instituted ministers can contribute to the synodal revitalization of the ecclesial communion. Decreed ad experimentum for three years, the Italian document can inspire other Bishops’ Conferences around the world.
The tragic science: how economists cause harm (even as they aspire to do good) by George F. DeMartino
Authors: Kwarciński Tomasz 
Published: September 2023

Book review: DeMartino, G. F. (2022). The Tragic Science: How economists Cause Harm (Even as They Aspire to Do Good). University of Chicago Press (pp. 272)
This paper discusses the book The tragic science: how economists cause harm (even as they aspire to do good) by M. George F. DeMartino. The Author criticizes the moral geometry used by economists to evaluate harm, arguing for a more multifaceted understanding of harm that considers epistemic uncertainty. While the book under review lacks a systematic study of the moral dimension of harm, the Author’s versatility and scholarship are admirable, making it an inspiring read for both casual readers and professionals in economics and philosophy.
In vivo polyamine applications to globe artichoke: Effects on plant growth-development and some bioactive components
Authors: OZSAN KILIC Tugce 
Published: September 2023

The globe artichoke, Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.), is an important member of the Asteraceae family, being used as a food and due to it has certain health-improving qualities in the treatment of various disorders since ancient times. Low molecular weight organic compounds with a role in several crucial cellular and physiological processes of plants are known as polyamines. They participate in processes such as cell division, differentiation, and growth, the sprouting of seeds, root formation, and flower and fruit development. They have been identified as particularly efficient against biotic and abiotic stress factors. The present research aimed that the evaluation of effects of various polyamine (PA) types and concentrations on three different artichoke cultivars by biometric measurements and biochemical analyses. For this purpose, seedlings of three artichoke cultivars (‘Sakız OP’, ‘Bayrampaşa OP’, and ‘Olympus F1’) were sprayed with various concentrations (0, 50, 100 and 250 mg L-1) of three distinct types of significant polyamines, including putrescine, spermidine, and spermine. Several growth parameters were examined in the current research. The effects on the total phenol and antioxidant capacities, as well as changes in the amounts of cynarin and 1,5-O-dicafeoylquinic acid, were also evaluated. The results revealed that there were statistically differences based on cultivars and treatment concentrations. Among the three forms of PA spermine was potent at increasing total phenolic content, while putrescine was effective at increasing total antioxidant content. On the other hand, putrescine, spermine and, spermidine had no positive effects on cynarin and 1,5-O-dicaffeoyquinic acid levels. Results clearly revealed that each biometric data and biochemical content could not be determined by a single polyamine type and concentration. It can be concluded that to improve the biometric values and biochemical content are depending on cultivar and dosage of various PAs.
Un enfoque didáctico del programa de Etnomatemáticas
Authors: Aroca Armando 
Published: September 2023

El enfoque didáctico del Programa Etnomatemáticas que proponemos, es el resultado de 8 años de investigación con maestros en formación de la Licenciatura en Matemáticas de la Universidad del Atlántico, Colombia, mediante la asesoría y participación de Trabajos de Grado. El enfoque didáctico tiene dos momentos: la fase etnográfica y la fase de problematización de los resultados de la fase etnográfica en ambientes escolares, que podemos resumir como la fase educativa. Ambas fases implican un año de investigación: la fase etnográfica es el análisis de la Etnomatemáticas en una práctica o actividad, que por general es artesanal. La fase educativa tiene como base la enseñanza paralela y comparativa entre la matemática artesanal y la matemática escolar. El objetivo principal es presentar una propuesta didáctica del Programa Etnomatemáticas; esta propuesta muestra que es necesario soportarla como mínimo en una teoría de aprendizaje de las matemáticas y que hay que conciliar con la normatividad sobre el currículo matemático establecido por, en nuestro caso, el Ministerio de Educación Nacional de Colombia.
The Effect of Bleaching Agents on Color Change in Different Section Shapes in Beech And Fir Woods
Authors: BOZDOĞAN BALÇIK Özlem , ÖZDEMİR Turgay 
Published: September 2023

Aim of study: It is an investigation of the effects of bleaching processes on the color change in the wood of tree species. Tree species Eastern Beech (Fagus Orientalis Lipsky.) and Eastern Black Sea Fir (Abies Nordmanniana subsp.) were used in the study. Sodium hydroxide-hydrogen peroxide, oxalic acid, peracetic acid diluted 1/3, peracetic acid diluted 1/6 were used as bleaching agents. Trial samples were prepared in accordance with standards and color change measurements were made.
Area of study: Surface treatments on wooden materials
Material and methods: In the study, two wood species and one varnish type were used; Color changes were tested by applying various bleaches to the wooden material by rubbing method.
Main results: As a result of the study, differences were observed in all cross-section shapes in beech wood bleaching measurements with 1/6 diluted peracetic acid, and differences were observed in cross-section shapes in fir wood bleaching measurements. The best bleaching of fir wood was achieved with peracetic acid.
Main results: As a result of the study, differences were observed in all cross-section shapes in the beech wood bleaching measurements with 1/6 diluted peracetic acid, and in the cross-section shapes in the fir tree bleaching measurements. The best bleaching of fir wood was achieved with peracetic acid.
Highlights: The bleaching process allows the wooden material to easily acquire a homogeneous color. Since the cell arrangements are different in different cross-sectional shapes, the bleaching rates are different from each other. While there is not much difference in the color changes in the wood material when bleached with oxalic acid, the samples are bleached as a result of bleaching with sodium hydroxide-hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid. Significant changes have occurred in color changes. The reason for this difference is due to the different degrees of corrosion of bleaching agents.
Assessment of <i>ERBB2</i> and HER2 expression in metastatic breast cancer using the nCounter® system and a 100‑gene scale
Authors: Paltuev R.  M. , Volynshchikova O.  A. , Abdullaeva Sh.  R. , Aleksakhina S.  N. , Artemyeva A.  S. , Baychorov E.  A. , Bakharev S.  Yu. , Belaya Yu.  A. , Bozhok A.  A. , Vasin V.  A. , Vladimirov V.  I. , Vorontsov A.  Yu. , Gaysina E.  A. , Gofman A.  A. , Dmitriev V.  N. , Imyanitov E.  N. , Klimenko V.  V. , Komyakhov A.  V. , Konstantinova M.  M. , Kopp M. V. , Kudaybergenova A.  G. , Lalak I.  A. , Matevosyan D.  L. , Mudzhiri N.  M. , Poltareva O.  V. , Sevryukova O.  I. , Semiglazov V.  F. , Semiglazova T.  Yu. , Urezkova M.  M. , Chichkanova A.  S. , Churilova L.  A. , Shomova M.  V. 
Published: September 2023

Background. Individual molecular characteristics of a tumor can serve as a basis for a tailored approach to therapy, prediction of the disease course and outcome, and timely treatment correction in cancer patients. Tumor genomic profiling allows for a more precise tumor assessment in an individual manner. Accurate identification of the HER2 status of a breast tumor is crucial for clinical decisions and appropriate treatment strategy.Aim. To increase the efficacy of systemic therapy for breast cancer, reduce inappropriate prescribing, and ensure a tailored approach to systemic breast cancer therapy using the information on individual molecular characteristics of the tumor.Materials and methods. We explored the expression of 100 genes involved in breast cancer development in 106 tumor samples from patients with metastatic breast cancer. We used the nCounter technology based on direct digital target detection using color‑coded molecular barcodes. We analyzed the expression of 28 genes with a high predictive value for breast cancer.Results. The nCounter technology allowed us to perform semiquantitative assessment of the expression of 28 genes in tumor tissue samples. We compared the expression of ERBB2 and HER2. The HER2 expression between 252.32 and 6000 barcodes was equivalent to HER2 (0) status; between 6000 and 9196.25 barcodes, to HER2 (1+); between 9196.25 and 15022.46, to HER2 (2+ / ISH±); and ≥15022.46 barcodes, to HER2 (3+). In case of HER2 (3+) and ERBB2 below 6000 barcodes, the result was considered false positive. In case of HER2 (0) or (1+) and ERBB2 above 15000 barcodes, the result was considered false negative. In 18 tumors, the discrepancies in the results meant two principally different breast cancer subtypes requiring different treatments; in 2 cases, the discrepancies were in the level of HER2 expression.Conclusion. HER2 testing should be performed on an excision sample (ideally on the same block that was used for genomic testing). Despite the correlation between the HER2‑enriched molecular class and the response to anti‑HER2 therapy, the final result on HER2 status in discordant cases should be based on currently approved assays after results validation.
Prevalence of keratoconus and subclinical keratoconus in subjects with two or more diopters (D) of astigmatism using pentacam derived parameters
Authors: Gupta Ayushi , Jain Sakshi , Porwal Rakesh 
Published: September 2023

Keratoconus is a common progressive asymmetric, bilateral, ectatic corneal disorder that arises due to biomechanical and structural defects in organization of corneal collagen. It is characterized by axial protrusion of cornea and thinning of corneal stroma which deforms the shape of cornea leading to myopia and irregular astigmatism with decreased vision. This is a prospective cross-sectional study. All the patients within age group of 8-45 years who attended Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Ajmer, with signs and symptoms of keratoconus or with astigmatism ≥2D with no previous history of ocular trauma or surgery were evaluated and a complete ophthalmic examination was done including the best corrected visual acuity, retinoscopy, slit lamp biomicroscopy and fundus examination and the findings were recorded. Only subjects with no other signs and symptoms of other ocular pathology were included. 334 eyes (167 subjects) were included in this study and among 334 eyes, 291 eyes had ≥2 D Astigmatism, 152/167 (91.02%) right and 139/167 (83.23%) left eyes. Mean age of the patients was 19.6±9.09 years ranging from 8 to 45 years. 50.3% of study subjects were females and 49.7% were males. Overall, in both eyes, prevalence of astigmatism was found to be 73.88%, FFKCN was 10.31% and KCN was found 15.81% among the study population having ≥2 D astigmatism. Patients with astigmatism of ≥2D who attend outdoor clinics should be evaluated with corneal tomography for early diagnosis, even if visual acuity is not significantly affected. Pentacam gives a more accurate diagnosis than corneal topography devices used conventionally, particularly in keratoconus suspicious eyes.