bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gold‐ and Silver‐Catalyzed Highly Regioselective Addition of Active Methylenes to Dienes, Triene, and Cyclic Enol Ethers.
Authors: Nguyen Rene‐Viet , Yao Xiao‐Quan , Bohle D. Scott , Li Chao‐Jun 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Low‐Valent Nb(III)‐Mediated Synthesis of 1,1,2‐Trisubstituted‐1H‐indenes from Aliphatic Ketones and Aryl‐Substituted Alkynes.
Authors: Obora Yasushi , Kimura Masahiro , Tokunaga Makoto , Tsuji Yasushi 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Insertion—Cyclization Reaction of 2,3‐Dienyl Alcohols with Aryl Iodides in Water: Synthesis of 1‐Arylvinyl‐Substituted Epoxides.
Authors: Yoshida Masahiro , Ishii Takayuki , Gotou Takahiro , Ihara Masataka 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Facile Synthesis of Novel 2‐Acetyl‐1‐hydroxycarbazoles — Synthesis of Biogenetically Possible 2‐Phenyl‐4‐oxopyrano[2,3‐a]carbazoles and Anellated Carbazoles.
Authors: Vandana Vandana , Rajendra Prasad Karnam Jayarampillai 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Non‐Acid Catalytic Acetalization of Aldehydes with Diols in Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Zhang Fan , Xu Dan‐Qian , Luo Shu‐Ping , Liu Bao‐You , Du Xiao‐Hua , Xu Zhen‐Yuan 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Trisubstituted Imidazoles by Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyclization of O‐Pentafluorobenzoylamidoximes: Application to Amino Acid Mimetics with a C‐Terminal Imidazole.
Authors: Zaman Shazia , Mitsuru Kitamura , Abell Andrew D. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Clean and Simple Synthesis of 6‐Amino‐4‐aryl‐5‐cyano‐3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐1,4‐dihydropyrano [2,3‐c]pyrazole in Water.
Authors: Jin Tong‐Shou , Wang Ai‐Qing , Chen Zhao‐Li , Zhang Jian‐She , Li Tong‐Shuang 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An Efficient Route to 5‐(Hetero)aryl‐2,4′‐ and 2,2′‐Bipyridines Through Readily Available 3‐Pyridyl‐1,2,4‐triazines.
Authors: Kozhevnikov Valery N. , Kozhevnikov Dmitry N. , Shabunina Olga V. , Rusinov Vladimir L. , Chupakhin Oleg N. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and in vitro Cytotoxic Evaluation of 1,4‐Bisubstituted and 1,3,9‐Trisubstituted β‐Carboline Derivatives.
Authors: Cao Rihui , Peng Wenlie , Chen Hongsheng , Hou Xuerui , Guan Huaji , Chen Qi , Ma Yan , Xu Anlong 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Large Scale Biginelli Reaction via Water‐Based Biphasic Media: A Green Chemistry Strategy.
Authors: Bose Ajay K. , Manhas Maghar S. , Pednekar Suhas , Ganguly Subhendu N. , Dang Hoang , He William , Mandadi Arun 
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐4‐oxo‐5‐substitutedbenzylthiopyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidines as Potential Inhibitors of Thymidylate Synthase.
Authors: Gangjee Aleem , Jain Hiteshkumar D. , Phan Jaclyn , Kisliuk Roy L. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
6‐(α‐Hydroxy‐α‐aryl/naphthyl) methyl‐3,4‐dihydro‐2,5‐benzodiazocin‐1(2H)‐ones and Diphenylmethanes from C‐2 Arylated 1,3‐Indanediones.
Authors: Kundu Sandip Kumar , Das Suven , Pramanik Animesh 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Structure—Activity Relationships and Sub‐Type Selectivity in an Oxabicyclic Estrogen Receptor α/β Agonist Scaffold.
Authors: Hamann Lawrence G. , Meyer J. Hoyt , Ruppar Daniel A. , Marschke Keith B. , Lopez Francisco J. , Allegretto Elizabeth A. , Karanewsky Donald S. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Copper‐Catalyzed, Enantioselective Desymmetrization of meso Cyclic Allylic Bis(diethyl phosphates) with Organozinc Reagents.
Authors: Piarulli Umberto , Daubos Philippe , Claverie Christelle , Monti Chiara , Gennari Cesare 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Asymmetric Synthesis of α‐Sulfinylphosphonates in the Thiolane Series.
Authors: Kielbasinski Piotr , Lyzwa Piotr , Mikolajczyk Marian , Gulea Mihaela , Lemarie Margareth , Masson Serge 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The First Synthesis of β‐Phenylchalcogeno‐α,β‐Unsaturated Esters via Hydrochalcogenation of Acetylenes Using Microwave and Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Perin Gelson , Jacob Raquel G. , de Azambuja Francisco , Botteselle Giancarlo V. , Siqueira Geonir M. , Freitag Rogerio A. , Lenardao Eder J. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of New 2‐Ferrocenyl‐5‐fluoro‐6‐(4‐substituted‐1‐piperazinyl)‐1H‐benzimidazoles of Potential Biological Interest.
Authors: Abdel‐Jalil Raid J. , Voelter Wolfgang 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Palladacycles with a Metal‐Bonded sp3‐Hybridized Carbon as Intermediates in the Synthesis of 2,2,3,4‐Tetrasubstituted 2H‐1‐Benzopyrans and 1,2‐Dihydroquinolines. Effects of Auxiliary Ligands and Substitution at a Palladium‐Bonded Tertiary Carbon.
Authors: Lu Genliang , Portscheller Janelle L. , Malinakova Helena C. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Novel Synthesis of α‐Trifluoromethylated α‐Amino Acid Derivatives from γ‐Hydroxy‐α‐fluoro‐α‐trifluoromethyl Carboxamides.
Authors: Ogu Kenichi , Matsumoto Shoji , Akazome Motohiro , Ogura Katsuyuki 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Clonostachysins A and B, New Antidinoflagellate Cyclic Peptides from a Marine‐Derived Fungus
Authors: Adachi Kyoko , Kanoh Kaneo , Wisespongp Puntip , Nishijima Miyuki , Shizuri Yoshikazu 
Published: June 2005

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De Novo Enantioselective Syntheses of Galacto‐Sugars and Deoxy Sugars via the Iterative Dihydroxylation of Dienoate.
Authors: Ahmed Md. Moinuddin , Berry Bryan P. , Hunter Thomas J. , Tomcik Dennis J. , O'Doherty George A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Derivatives of 1α,25‐Dihydroxy‐19‐norvitamin D3 with Two Substituents at C‐2: Synthesis and Biological Activity.
Authors: Shimizu Masato , Iwasaki Yukiko , Shimazaki Mika , Amano Youhei , Yamamoto Keiko , Reischl Wolfgang , Yamada Sachiko 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction: Synthesis of Novel 5,6‐Dehydronorcantharidin Derivatives of Substituted Aromatic Amines with Potential antitumor Activities.
Authors: Deng Li‐Ping , Liu Fang‐Ming , Wang Hou‐Yong 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Identification of Nonpeptidic Small‐Molecule Inhibitors of Interleukin‐2.
Authors: Waal Nathan D. , Yang Wenjin , Oslob Johan D. , Arkin Michelle R. , Hyde Jennifer , Lu Wanli , McDowell Robert S. , Yu Chul H. , Raimundo Brian C. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
One or More C—H Bond(s) Formed by Substitution: Reduction of Carbon—Nitrogen, —Phosphorus, —Arsenic, —Antimony, —Bismuth, —Carbon, —Boron and —Metal Bonds
Authors: Blanchet J. , Jia Yanxing , Zhu Jieping 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Electro‐Mechano‐Optical Conversions in Pr3+‐Doped BaTiO3—CaTiO3 Ceramics.
Authors: Wang Xusheng , Xu Chao‐Nan , Yamada Hiroshi , Nishikubo Keiko , Zheng Xu‐Guang 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Magnetic Properties, and Electronic Structure of the New Ternary Vanadate CuMnVO4.
Authors: Ben Yahia Hamdi , Gaudin Etienne , Darriet Jacques , Banks Michael , Kremer Reinhard K. , Villesuzanne Antoine , Whangbo Myung‐Hwan 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
X‐Ray Powder Diffraction, Phase Transitions and Optical Characterization of the Cu(In1‐xGax)3Te5 Semiconducting System.
Authors: Guevara R. , Marin G. , Delgado J. M. , Wasim S. M. , Rincon C. , Sanchez Perez G. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Rb3In(H2O)Si5O13: A Novel Indium Silicate with a CdSO4‐Topological‐Type Structure.
Authors: Hung Ling‐I , Wang Sue‐Lein , Chen Chia‐Yi , Chang Bor‐Chen , Lii Kwang‐Hwa 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Sol—Gel Synthesis of Li1+αV3O8. Part 1. From Precursors to Xerogel.
Authors: Dubarry Matthieu , Gaubicher Joel , Guyomard Dominique , Durupthy Olivier , Steunou Nathalie , Livage Jacques , Dupre Nicolas , Grey Clare P. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Route to Ordered Double Perovskites: Synthesis of Rock Salt Oxides, Li4MWO6, and Their Transformation to Sr2MWO6 (M: Mg, Mn, Fe, Ni) via Metathesis.
Authors: Mandal Tapas Kumar , Gopalakrishnan J. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of β‐Ketoesters to Various Imines by Using Chiral Palladium Complexes.
Authors: Hamashima Yoshitaka , Sasamoto Naoki , Hotta Daido , Somei Hidenori , Umebayashi Natsuko , Sodeoka Mikiko 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nucleophilic Acyl Substitutions of Anhydrides with Protic Nucleophiles Catalyzed by Amphoteric, Oxomolybdenum Species.
Authors: Chen Chien‐Tien , Kuo Jen‐Huang , Pawar Vijay D. , Munot Yogesh S. , Weng Shieu‐Shien , Ku Cheng‐Hsiu , Liu Cheng‐Yuan 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Michael Addition of Ketone Enolates to α,β‐Unsaturated Esters or Amides in a One‐Pot Procedure: Highly Efficient Effect of Lithium Salt Generated in situ on Organotin Enolate.
Authors: Yasuda Makoto , Shigeyoshi Yusuke , Shibata Ikuya , Baba Akio 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reaction of 3‐Acylamino‐ and 3‐Alkoxybenzo[c]pyrilium Salts with Hydrazine.
Authors: Bogza S. L. , Suikov S. Yu. , Bogdan N. M. , Dulenko V. I. , Kobrakov K. I. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Oxidation of Alcohols with 1‐Butyl‐4‐aza‐1‐azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane Chlorochromate (BAAOCC) under Nonaqueous Conditions.
Authors: Hajipour Abdol R. , Bagheri Hamid R. , Ruoho Arnold E. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
H3PW12O40 as a Useful Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Facile and Highly Efficient Michael Addition Reaction of Thiols to α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones.
Authors: Firouzabadi Habib , Iranpoor Nasser , Jafari Abbas Ali 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
N‐Bromosuccinimide (NBS) Catalyzed Highly Chemoselective Acetalization of Carbonyl Compounds Using Silylated Diols and Pentaerythritol under Neutral Aprotic Conditions.
Authors: Karimi Babak , Hazarkhani Hassan , Maleki Jafar 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Stereoselective Synthesis of 3‐Substituted Ethyl (Z)‐4,4,4‐Trifluoro‐2‐formylamino‐2‐butenoates.
Authors: Enders Dieter , Chen Zai‐Xin , Raabe Gerhard 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Versatile Synthesis of 3‐Arylindan‐1‐ones by Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Reductive Cyclization of Bromochalcones.
Authors: Pueschl Ask , Rudbeck Hans Christian , Faldt Andre , Confante Allesia , Kehler Jan 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Mucohalic Acid in Lewis Acid Catalyzed Mukaiyama Aldol Reaction: A Concise Method for Highly Functionalized γ‐Substituted γ‐Butenolides.
Authors: Angell Paul , Zhang Ji , Belmont Daniel , Curran Timothy , Davidson James G. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Flexible Carbanionic Approach to Protected trans‐(2R,3S)‐2‐Substituted 3‐Aminopyrrolidines: Application to the Asymmetric Synthesis of (+)‐Absouline.
Authors: Tang Tian , Ruan Yuan‐Ping , Ye Jian‐Liang , Huang Pei‐Qiang 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
4‐(2‐Aminoethoxy)‐N‐(phenylsulfonyl)indoles as Novel 5‐HT6 Receptor Ligands.
Authors: Zhou Ping , Yan Yinfa , Bernotas Ronald , Harrison Boyd L. , Huryn Donna , Robichaud Albert J. , Zhang Guo Ming , Smith Deborah L. , Schechter Lee E. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 5‐Hydroxy‐ and 5‐Amino‐1‐tosyl‐5‐phenyl‐3‐(2‐arylvinyl)‐4,5‐dihydropyrazoles.
Authors: Kuz'menok Nina M. , Koval'chuk Tatyana A. , Zvonok Alexander M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Dehydration of 4‐Hydroxy‐4‐methyl‐3‐phenylamino‐oxazolidine‐2‐ones.
Authors: Bogolyubov A. A. , Chernysheva N. B. , Nesterov V. V. , Antipin M. Yu. , Semenov V. V. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Mannich Bases of Some 2‐[(4‐Carbethoxymethylthiazol‐2‐yl)imino]‐4‐thiazolidinones.
Authors: Altintas Handan , Ates Oeznur , Kocabalkanli Ayse , Birteksoez Seher , Oetuek Guelten 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Syntheses of 1‐(4‐Methylsulfonylphenyl)‐5‐aryl‐1,2,3‐triazoles and 1‐(4‐Aminosulfonylphenyl)‐5‐aryl‐1,2,3‐triazoles.
Authors: Daha F. Johari , Matloubi H. , Tabatabi S. A. , Shafii B. , Shafiee A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Substituted and Unsubstituted 2,4‐Diaryl‐5‐oxo‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐2‐chromens.
Authors: Ahmed M. Giasuddin , Ahmed Syeda Asghari , Romman U. K. R. , Touchy A. Sultana , Badal Mizanur Rahman , Hossain Mohammad Awlad , Uddin Md. Khabir 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Functionalized 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydro‐β‐carboline Derived Enamines Through Bischler—Napieralski Type Cyclization of Polarized Ketene N,S‐Acetals.
Authors: Chakrabarti Sriparna , Panda Kausik , Ila Hiriyakkanavar , Junjappa Hiriyakkanavar 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
2‐Substituted‐4‐aryl‐6,7,8,9‐tetrahydro‐5H‐pyrimido[4,5‐b] [1,5]oxazocin‐5‐one as a Structurally New NK1 Antagonist.
Authors: Seto Shigeki , Tanioka Asao , Ikeda Makoto , Izawa Shigeru 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Expansive Rearrangement of N‐Vinylthiazolidines to 2,3,4,7‐Tetrahydro‐1,4‐thiazepines and Their Transformation in 3‐Thia‐6‐azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct‐6‐enes.
Authors: Calvo Luis , Gonzalez‐Ortega Alfonso , Perez Monica , Sanudo Maria Carmen 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 3‐O‐β‐D‐Glucopyranosyl‐(3R)‐hydroxybutanolide (Kinsenoside) and 3‐O‐β‐D‐Glucopyranosyl‐(3S)‐hydroxybutanolide (Goodyeroside A).
Authors: Suzuki Katsuhiko , Suzuki Nobuyuki , Yamaura Masanori , Yoshizawa Toyokichi 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Improved Synthesis of 1,3‐Propanediol Derivatives Having a Diethoxyphosphoryldifluoroethyl Functional Group at the 2‐Position: Application to Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Novel Acyclic Nucleotide Analogues of Adenosine Bisphosphates.
Authors: Murano Tetsuo , Kobayakawa Hirokuni , Yuasa Yoko , Yokomatsu Tsutomu , Shibuya Shiroshi 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Histone Deacetylation in Epigenetics: An Attractive Target for Anticancer Therapy
Authors: Mai Antonello , Massa Silvio , Rotili Dante , Cerbara Ilaria , Valente Sergio , Pezzi Riccardo , Simeoni Silvia , Ragno Rino 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Independent control of positive‐ and negative‐sequence current components in a doubly fed machine
Authors: Bendl J. , Chomat M. , Schreier L. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThis paper analyses the operation of a power unit with a doubly fed machine. A novel vector control method is presented which enables independent control of both positive‐ and negative‐sequence components of stator currents. Also, operation of the system under the condition of unbalanced voltage supply applied to the stator is discussed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A spectral method for on‐line computation of the harmonics of symmetrical components in induction machines
Authors: Assaf T. , Henao H. , Capolino G. A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThis paper describes a procedure for the on‐line computation of the harmonics of symmetrical components for voltages, currents and impedances in working induction machines. The algorithm used to compute these components is based on the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of complex sequences. An experimental test‐bed with a 0.12 kW star‐connected induction motor has been used to test the procedure. The stability of the numerical results is verified to show the performance of the proposed method. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Systematic approach to bearing current evaluation in variable speed drive systems
Authors: Muetze Annette , Binder Andreas 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA survey on published information concerning the phenomena of bearing currents in variable speed drive systems due to fast switching IGBT‐inverters is presented. This is taken as a starting point for further systematic investigations on the influence of different system parameters on bearing currents. The first results of these investigations are presented. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An induction motor model including the first space harmonics for broken rotor bar diagnosis
Authors: Didier G. , Razik H. , Rezzoug A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThis work presents a model of a three‐phase induction machine which includes the first space harmonics of the magnetomotive force. Special attention has been paid to the way of improving detection of broken rotor bars. This detection is based on the spectral analysis of the stator current. We show that it is essential to extend the analysis to the amplitudes of the side bands due to the space harmonics. This thorough method makes it possible to detect with a higher degree of accuracy the type and the importance of a defect in the rotor cage. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design, modelling and test results of the AWS PM linear generator
Authors: Polinder H. , Damen M. E. C. , Gardner F. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe Archimedes Wave Swing (AWS) is a system that converts ocean wave energy into electrical energy. A pilot plant of this system has been built. This paper describes the design of the permanent‐magnet (PM) linear synchronous generator applied in the AWS. Based on a magnetic circuit model, it is concluded that saturation does not play an important role. The correlation between measured and calculated generator parameters and no‐load voltage is reasonable, which indicates that the generator is adequate. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tracking improvement of LSRM at low‐speed operation
Authors: Dolinar D. , Štumberger G. , Milanovič M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThis paper deals with the tracking control design of a Linear Synchronous Reluctance Motor (LSRM) drive. The modified non‐linear dynamic LSRM model with the magnetic saturation included is used in the control design and realization to improve the tracking performances at very low speed of motion. The iron core saturation is included in the modified model with the experimentally determined flux linkages given as functions of the direct and the quadrature axis currents. Experimental results show that the proposed input–output linearizing tracking control with the included saturation behaves considerably better than the one without saturation, introducing smaller position and speed errors, and better drive stiffness. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transforming Growth Factor β Can Mediate Apoptosis Via the Expression of TRAIL in Human Hepatoma Cells *
Authors: Herzer Kerstin , Ganten Tom M. , Schulze-Bergkamen Henning , Grosse-Wilde Anne , Koschny Ronald , Krammer Peter H. , Walczak Henning 
Published: June 2005

Abstract

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) has been shown to induce apoptotic cell death in normal and transformed hepatocytes. However, the exact mechanism through which TGF-β induces cell death is still unknown. We examined a potential role of various death receptor/ligand systems in TGF-β–induced apoptosis and identified the tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) as a mediator of TGF-β–induced apoptosis in hepatoma cells. TGF-β–induced apoptosis is significantly impaired upon blockage of TRAIL. We show that TRAIL is upregulated in hepatoma cells upon treatment with TGF-β, whereas TRAIL receptor levels remain unchanged.
In conclusion
, our results provide evidence that the TRAIL system is critically involved in TGF-β–induced cell death in liver pathology. (Hepatology 2005;42:183–192.)
Inactivation of Stress Protein p8 Increases Murine Carbon Tetrachloride Hepatotoxicity via Preserved CYP2E1 Activity *
Authors: Taïeb David , Malicet Cédric , Garcia Stéphane , Rocchi Palma , Arnaud Christiane , Dagorn Jean-Charles , Iovanna Juan L. , Vasseur Sophie 
Published: June 2005

Abstract

The p8 protein is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes involved in cell defense against the adverse effects of stress. Its expression is strongly, rapidly, and transiently induced in most cells on exposure to various stress agents. This study assessed the role of p8 in the response of the liver to CCl4-induced injury. We found that p8 was indeed overexpressed in the liver after CCl4 administration. Hepatic injury following CCl4 injection was monitored in wild-type and p8−/− mice. Serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activities were higher and peaked earlier in p8−/− mice than in wild-type mice, which is in agreement with the observation of significantly larger areas of necrosis in p8−/− liver. Absence of p8 expression is therefore associated with increased liver sensitivity to CCl4. In fact, CCl4 toxicity is mediated by derivatives generated by its conversion by the enzyme CYP2E1. It is known that CYP2E1 is downregulated in the liver during the first hours following CCl4 administration as part of a self-defense mechanism. We found that CYP2E1 downregulation was significantly delayed in p8−/− liver compared with wild-type liver, allowing increased production of toxic CCl4 derivatives.
In conclusion
, inactivation of the p8 gene increases liver sensitivity to CCl4, as it appears to delay the triggering of CYP2E1 downregulation. The p8 protein is therefore an important element of hepatocyte stress response. (Hepatology 2005;42:176–182.)
Is the FXR the Fix for Cholesterol Gallstone Disease? *
Authors: Juran Brian D. , Lazaridis Konstantinos N. 
Published: June 2005

Abstract

Cholesterol gallstone disease is characterized by several events, including cholesterol precipitation in bile, increased bile salt hydrophobicity and gallbladder inflammation. Here, we describe the same phenotype in mice lacking the bile acid receptor, FXR. Furthermore, in susceptible wild-type mice that recapitulate human cholesterol gallstone disease, treatment with a synthetic FXR agonist prevented sequelae of the disease. These effects were mediated by FXR-dependent increases in biliary bile salt and phospholipid concentrations, which restored cholesterol solubility and thereby prevented gallstone formation. Taken together, these results indicate that FXR is a promising therapeutic target for treating or preventing cholesterol gallstone disease.