bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gel based on modified chitosan for oil spill cleanup
Authors: Yudaev Pavel , Semenova Anastasia , Chistyakov Evgeniy 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA method has been developed for obtaining a polymer porous gel and coating based on nontoxic and environmentally friendly components: chitosan, citral, and glutaraldehyde. The chemical structure and morphology of the polymer gel were investigated by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The contact angles were determined using a goniometer, and the water and oil absorption of the gel were determined by the gravimetric method based on changes in the gel mass. Measurement of the contact angle θ of transmission oil and water drops on the coating surface showed the hydrophobic nature of the coating (θ = 90° for water and θ = 0° for oil). Study of the sorption properties of the resulting gel showed high sorption capacity with respect to transmission oil (9.05 kg/kg) and low sorption capacity with respect to water (2.46 kg/kg). It was found that after oil desorption from the loaded aerogel, it can be reused. The potential possibility of recycling the spent gel through its biodegradation in the soil was shown. Because of the excellent sorption capacity, high porosity, low density, and soil degradability, the developed gel has a great potential for application in the field of environmental purification from oil pollution.
Ageing abandoned, lost, and discarded lobster fishing gear based on fouling assemblages
Authors: Legare Bryan J. , Nichols Owen C. , Ludwig Laura R. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear (ALDFG) is a by‐product of many fisheries. ALDFG impacts extend beyond the targeted species and include by‐catch, habitat degradation, and increased plastic in the environment. In particular ALDFG such as lobster gear attracts a succession of fouling organisms, increasing species diversity and productivity.
In Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts, USA, a seasonal lobster gear closure occurs for the protection of North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis), allowing for the removal of ALDFG. In this study, the percentage cover of fouling organisms on recovered gear was used to model the age of the recovered gear (of indeterminate age because of missing tags).
Between 2017 and 2021, a total of 379 traps were photo documented, of which 223 were of known age (1–22 years) and 156 were of unknown age. The age of the unknown traps was modelled utilizing a random forest algorithm using traps with a known age as a training library.
High correlations between modelled ages and known ages (R2 = 0.634, P < 0.001*) slightly underestimated the age of the traps by 1.2–1.8 years, but are sufficient for developing an age distribution. The majority (79%) of traps were recovered off Provincetown and averaged 10–11 years old. Approximately 50% of the traps recovered in Cape Cod Bay were deposited or lost between 2005 and 2010.
Calculating the age of ALDFG aids in determining the loss rate of gear and in identifying high concentrations of untended gear that can be recycled or reused. This analysis allows practitioners to understand the scale of the problem, helps quantify the quantity of gear in the ocean, and helps identify the areas most affected. This information improves the effectiveness of removal efforts by focusing on discrete areas of recurring and recent gear loss.
Fiber chromatographic enabled process intensification increases monoclonal antibody product yield
Authors: Anderson Sean M. , Seto Elbert , Chau David , Lee Brian , Vail Andrew , Ding Sheng , Voloshin Alexei , Nagel Mark 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe most straightforward method to increase monoclonal antibody (mAb) product yield is to complete the purification process in less steps. Here, three different fiber chromatographic devices were implemented using a holistic approach to intensify the mAb purification process and increase yield. Fiber protein A (proA) chromatography was first investigated, but traditional depth filtration was not sufficient in reducing the contaminant load as the fiber proA device prematurely fouled. Further experimentation revealed that chromatin aggregates were the most likely reason for the fiber fouling. To reduce levels of chromatin aggregates, a chromatographic clarification device (CCD) was incorporated into the process, resulting in single‐stage clarification of harvested cell culture fluid and reduction of DNA levels. The CCD clarified pool was then successfully processed through the fiber proA device, fully realizing the productivity gains that the fiber technology offers. After the proA and viral inactivation neutralization (VIN) hold step, the purification process was further intensified using a novel single‐use fiber‐based polishing anion exchange (AEX) material that is capable of binding both soluble and insoluble contaminants. The three‐stage fiber chromatographic purification process was compared to a legacy five‐step process of dual‐stage depth filtration, bead‐based proA chromatography, post‐VIN depth filtration, and bead‐based AEX chromatography. The overall yield from the five‐step process was 60%, while the fiber chromatographic‐enabled intensified process had an overall yield of 70%. The impurity clearance of DNA and host cell protein (HCP) for both processes were within the regulatory specification (<100 ppm HCP, <1 ppb DNA). For the harvest of a 2000 L cell culture, the intensified process is expected to increase productivity by 2.5‐fold at clarification, 50‐fold at the proA step, and 1.6‐fold in polishing. Relative to the legacy process, the intensified process would reduce buffer use by 1088 L and decrease overall process product mass intensity by 12.6%.
Interpreting stakeholder ecosystems through relational stakeholder theory: The case of a highly contested megaproject
Authors: Corazza Laura , Cottafava Dario , Torchia Daniel , Dhir Amandeep 
Published: October 2023

AbstractManaging stakeholders' concerns in megaprojects with an inclusive and ethical vision is a current open challenge. To overcome company‐centered stakeholder‐management practices, an ecosystem view, (i.e., one based on the network of relationships among involved stakeholders), should be adopted by designing bottom‐up participatory stakeholder mapping processes that include the stakeholders affected by the construction of a megaproject. This paper presents an analysis of the stakeholder ecosystem of a contested megaproject in Italy (the Turin–Lyon high‐speed rail) aimed at identifying similarities and discrepancies in stakeholder identification and prioritization between the managers' perception and an ecosystem point of view. The study followed a mixed‐method approach. By coding the self‐declared statements from 21 interviews with middle and top managers of the organization in charge of the construction and visualizing the emerging network of actors through a social network analysis and the use of centrality degrees, the most relevant stakeholders are identified. Our findings reveal how the prioritization of stakeholders obtained through the centrality degrees significantly differs from what the managers declare in reference to the concept of salience, highlighting how a bottom‐up stakeholder mapping process—by including the stakeholders themselves in the mapping process—should be designed and reiterated during the whole life of a megaproject in order to adopt an inclusive stakeholder management approach.
Concordance between patient‐reported and physician‐documented comorbidities and symptoms among Stage 4 breast cancer patients
Authors: Umashankar Saumya , Basu Amrita , Esserman Laura , van't Veer Laura , Melisko Michelle E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundComorbidities and symptoms in metastatic breast cancer patients impact treatment decisions and influence prognosis and quality of life. The objective of this study is to examine the concordance between physician documentation and patient reports of comorbidities and symptoms to understand their comparative effectiveness.MethodsNew patients with metastatic breast cancer completed an electronic intake survey assessing patient health history and symptoms. Physician documentation across 54 comorbidities and 42 symptoms was abstracted from notes for the corresponding clinic visits between November 2016 and March 2020. Concordance between patient reports and medical records for each condition and hazards ratios for each patient versus physician reported comorbidity and symptom were assessed.ResultsA total of 168 patients were included in the analysis (age, median = 56 years, range = 29–86 years; 131 white [78.9%]). Twenty‐three of 54 comorbidities had a moderate to high level of agreement between patients and physicians (κ ≥ 0.40). Physicians documented higher numbers of comorbidities that can be objectively measured which also had higher concordance (e.g., diabetes [κ = 0.83] and hypertension [κ = 0.79]) while patients reported higher numbers of comorbidities that are more subjective which also had lower concordance (anxiety [κ = 0.30], GERD [κ = 0.36]). One physician‐documented and two patient‐reported comorbidities were significantly associated with survival (p < 0.05). Only 2 of 42 symptoms had a moderate to high level of agreement between patients and physicians. One physician‐documented and nine patient‐reported symptoms were significantly associated with decreased survival (p < 0.05).ConclusionAgreement between patients' and physicians' reporting of comorbidities varies substantially, and patient reports can complement physician documentation. Physicians significantly underreported symptoms versus patients; thus, concordance was also low. Multiple patient‐reported symptoms were predictive of survival; thus, incorporating them can provide more informative estimates of predicted survival.
The effectiveness of ablative and non‐surgical therapies for early hepatocellular carcinoma: Systematic review and network meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: South Emily , Wade Ros , Anwer Sumayya , Sharif‐Hurst Sahar , Harden Melissa , Fulbright Helen , Dias Sofia , Simmonds Mark , Rowe Ian , Thornton Patricia , Wah Tze Min , Eastwood Alison 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground & AimsNon‐surgical therapies are frequently used for patients with early or very early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this systematic review and network meta‐analysis (NMA) was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of ablative and non‐surgical therapies for patients with small HCC.MethodsNine databases were searched (March 2021) along with clinical trial registries. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of any ablative or non‐surgical therapy versus any comparator in patients with HCC ≤3 cm were eligible. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool. The effectiveness of therapies was compared using NMA. Threshold analysis was undertaken to identify which NMA results had less robust evidence.ResultsThirty‐seven eligible RCTs were included (including over 3700 patients). Most were from China (n = 17) or Japan (n = 7). Sample sizes ranged from 30 to 308 patients. The majority had a high RoB or some RoB concerns. No RCTs were identified for some therapies and no RCTs reported quality of life outcomes. The results of the NMA and treatment effectiveness rankings were very uncertain. However, the evidence demonstrated that percutaneous ethanol injection was worse than radiofrequency ablation for overall survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.45, 95% credible interval [CrI]: 1.16–1.82), progression‐free survival (HR: 1.36, 95% CrI: 1.11–1.67), overall recurrence (relative risk [RR]: 1.19, 95% CrI: 1.02–1.39) and local recurrence (RR: 1.80, 95% CrI: 1.19–2.71). The threshold analysis suggested that robust evidence was lacking for some comparisons.ConclusionsIt is unclear which treatment is most effective for patients with small HCC because of limitations in the evidence base. It is also not known how these treatments would impact on quality of life. Further high quality RCTs are needed to provide robust evidence but may be difficult to undertake.
Early skeletal muscle loss in adolescent and young adult cancer patients treated with anthracycline chemotherapy
Authors: Wooten Savannah V. , Wang Fei , Roth Michael E. , Liu Guanshu , Livingston J. Andrew , Amini Behrang , Gilchrist Susan C. , Hildebrandt Michelle , Kleinerman Eugenie S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundEarly skeletal muscle loss has been observed in adolescent and young adult (AYA) sarcoma patients undergoing treatment. Identification of individuals within the AYA populace that are at greatest risk of anthracycline‐induced skeletal muscle loss is unknown. Moreover, investigations which seek out underlying causes of skeletal muscle degradation during chemotherapy are critical for understanding, preventing, and reducing chronic health conditions associated with poor skeletal muscle status.MethodsComputed tomography (CT) scans were used to investigate changes in skeletal muscle of 153 AYA sarcoma and Hodgkin lymphoma patients at thoracic vertebra 4 after anthracycline treatment. Images were examined at three time points during the first year of treatment. In parallel, we used translational juvenile mouse models to assess the impact of doxorubicin (DOX) in the soleus and gastrocnemius on muscle wasting.ResultsSignificant reductions in total skeletal muscle index and density were seen after chemotherapy in AYA cancer patients (p < 0.01 & p = 0.04, respectively). The severity of skeletal muscle loss varied by subgroup (i.e., cancer type, sex, and treatment). Murine models demonstrated a reduction in skeletal muscle fiber cross‐sectional area, increased apoptosis and collagen volume for both the soleus and gastrocnemius after DOX treatment (all p < 0.05). After DOX, hindlimb skeletal muscle blood flow was significantly reduced (p < 0.01).ConclusionSignificant skeletal muscle loss is experienced early during treatment in AYA cancer patients. Reductions in skeletal muscle blood flow may be a key contributing factor to anthracycline doxorubicin induced skeletal muscle loss.
The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on radiotherapy delivery in Japan: An observational study based on the national database
Authors: Tamari Keisuke , Kishigami Maiko , Nagata Yasushi , Mizowaki Takashi , Kodaira Takeshi , Onishi Hiroshi , Ogawa Kazuhiko , Shioyama Yoshiyuki , Shigematsu Naoyuki , Uno Takashi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study analyzed the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic on radiotherapy delivery in Japan using a high‐quality Japanese national database based on universal health coverage.MethodsWe performed a retrospective observational study using National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan open data focused on radiotherapy between fiscal year (FY) 2019 and FY2020 and the number of COVID‐19 cases from the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare. We statistically analyzed the relationship between the number of COVID‐19 cases and the number of radiotherapy deliveries in Japan as a whole and by prefecture.ResultsThe total number of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) fractions was 4,472,140 in FY2019 and 4,227,673 in FY2020 (−5.8%). EBRT courses were 250,395 in FY2019 and 240,329 in FY2020 (−4.0%), stereotactic radiotherapy courses were 27,619 in FY2019 and 31,786 in FY2020 (+15.1%), and single‐fraction palliative radiotherapy courses were 4124 in FY2019 and 5255 in FY2020 (+21.5%). The total number of breast and prostate hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) fractions was 155,773 and 48,188 in FY2019, and 200,256 and 84,230 in FY2020 (+28.6% and +74.8%), respectively. In the Pearson correlation analysis, EBRT fractions were lower, and breast HFRT fractions were higher in prefectures with more COVID‐19 cases.ConclusionsOverall, radiotherapy delivery in Japan was relatively stable after the pandemic, with an increase in HFRT. Also, EBRT fractions decreased, and breast HFRT were more likely to be used in prefectures with more COVID‐19 cases.
‘I guess the ending is the price you pay’. Working at relational depth in a seven‐session model: The impact of regular planned endings on counsellors
Authors: Chambers Liz , Pendle Andy 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundEvidence suggests that the quality of the therapeutic relationship impacts the outcome of therapy, with the ending phase having the potential to elicit painful and difficult emotions. There is limited research on this phase of the therapeutic relationship.AimsThe study aimed to explore the lived experiences of counsellors when ending with clients in short‐term planned settings those relationships in which they have worked at relational depth.MethodInterpretative phenomenological analysis was used to evaluate the counsellors' lived experiences of ending therapeutic relationships. Online semi‐structured interviews took place with six trainee and qualified counsellors who volunteered as counsellors for a local charity.FindingsThree main themes were identified during the study—impact of ending, impact of short‐term work and professional issues. Findings indicated that working at relational depth in short‐term counselling could elicit unprocessed powerful emotions within the ending phase of therapy.LimitationsA small sample size limits the wider application of these findings.ImplicationsFurther guidance and support are needed for trainee and qualified practitioners in the management and experience of ending counselling relationships within short‐term work, including the exploration of counsellors' self‐disclosure. Implications for practice include the need for supervisors and counsellors to be proactive in managing reflective practice within supervision, supervisors recognising and challenging supervisees' non‐disclosure and counsellors looking at further ways for self‐reflection on endings in counselling relationships.ConclusionThe ending phase for counsellors working at relational depth within a seven‐session model can elicit powerful emotions, positive experiences and challenges.
Looking for negativity! How review sentiment and review subjectivity form review helpfulness across cultures
Authors: Shah Aakash , Gohary Ali , Lie David 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNowadays, many consumers rely heavily on product reviews before making decisions; however, not all reviews are similar in terms of sentiment and helpfulness. Moreover, reviewers' linguistic styles vary according to their culture. Although various multinational companies such as eBay and Amazon operate worldwide, little research has been devoted to understanding how review sentiment influences the subjectivity and helpfulness of product reviews in a multicultural marketplace. Therefore, the present research identifies how review subjectivity explains the relationship between review sentiment and review helpfulness in individualistic (i.e., the U.S.) and collectivistic (i.e., India) cultures. By means of two studies, the first using secondary data collected from Amazon.com and the second a controlled experiment setting, we find that review subjectivity mediates the influence of review sentiments only in individualistic cultures such as the U.S., but not in collectivistic cultures like India. Furthermore, we find that the moderated mediation is evident only when comparing positive and negative sentiments. This research has implications for academic and industry practitioners in terms of incorporating culture in decisions on review helpfulness.
Biotransformation of Sclareol by a Fungal Endophyte of Salvia sclarea
Authors: Diao Mengxue , Li Chi , Lu Jian , Meng Lijun , Xie Nengzhong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMicrobial endophytes are known as versatile producers of useful metabolites, which have extensive applications in pharmacy, fragrance, agriculture and food. This study aims to screen sclareol‐biotransforming microorganisms from Salvia sclarea, an untapped source of diverse endophytes. In this study, 50 culturable endophytes were isolated from S. sclarea grown in Xinjiang using sclareol as the sole carbon source and screened for their potential to transform sclareol into analogues. A fungal endophyte, identified as the generally recognized as safe (GRAS) strain Aspergillus tubingensis, can produce labd‐14‐ene‐3β,8α,13β‐triol and 8α,13β‐dihydroxylabd‐14‐en‐3‐one from sclareol, involving hydroxylation and carbonylation at the C3 site. Structures of the two metabolites were elucidated by HR‐ESI‐MS and NMR analysis. S. sclarea was proven to be a good source of endophytes that are prospective producers of secondary metabolites with valuable chemical and biological properties. This study is the first report regarding the isolation of endophytes from S. sclarea.
Employment and workdays lost among spouses of cancer survivors: Intersection with gender across cancer treatment status
Authors: Litzelman Kristin , Han Xuesong , Zhao Jingxuan , Zheng Zhiyuan , Yabroff K. Robin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundCancer patients and survivors have high care needs, often provided by a spouse or partner. The purpose of this study was to elucidate how employment and work loss patterns differed across cancer history/treatment status and gender.MethodsUsing nationally representative data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2011, 2016, and 2017), the authors linked data across married participants and categorized them by spouses’ cancer treatment status (no cancer history, on treatment for cancer, off treatment for cancer). Multivariable logistic and zero‐inflated negative binomial regressions were used to assess the associations among cancer history/treatment status, gender, and employment outcomes (employment status and workdays lost to care for self or others).ResultsFor men, employment did not differ significantly by cancer history/treatment status (on treatment: odds ratio [OR], 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33–1.02, off treatment: OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.62–1.14 vs. no cancer history). For women, employment was not significantly different when the spouse was on treatment for cancer compared to no cancer history (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.33–1.86]) but was significantly increased for women whose spouse was off treatment (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.05–1.84). Among employed participants, women whose spouse was on cancer treatment were nine times more likely to take days off work to provide care (OR, 9.52; 95% CI, 3.94–23.03) and took more than three times as many days off to care for others (OR, 3.21; 95% CI, 2.07–4.97) as men whose spouse had no cancer history.ConclusionsWives of cancer survivors are at increased risk of work loss, with implications for their financial and psychological well‐being. Employers, policymakers, and clinicians have opportunities to support working caregivers.