bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of bioactive substances accumulation during cauliflower maturation as a way to ensure functional crop properties
Authors: Tadevosyan Laura , Martirosyan Gayane , Tsereteli Irina , Vardanyan Irina , Zadayan Merujan , Avagyan Alvina 
Published: November 2023

Background: Cauliflower heads are recognized as a rich sources of proteins, unsaturated fatty acids, numerous mineral elements, vitamins, and a high content of bioactive substances. Some studies report that the dynamics of accumulation of bioactive substances in cauliflower can be influenced by various factors. Objective: To determine the dependence of the content of bioactive components (ascorbic acid, B vitamins, macronutrients) on the stage of maturity of cauliflower heads and on the growing period.Methods: The study investigated the variation in vitamin C, B group vitamins (thiamine, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid, inositol), and seven macronutrients (silicon, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, potassium) during different stages of head ripening and cultivation periods in medium-ripening hybrids of cauliflower, specifically ‘Rocky F1’ and ‘Unibotra F1’. Ascorbic acid content in cauliflower heads was determined by the titration method. Quantitative analysis of the water-soluble B group vitamins was performed spectrophotometrically. The content of macronutrients was determined by the chemical-spectral method.Results: The maximum content of ascorbic acid in cauliflower Rocky F1 hybrid was observed at the stage of the heads technical ripening in spring cultivation conditions, and in Unibotra F1 hybrid - in the phase of new head formation in summer growing conditions. The content of group B vitamins, with the exception of pantothenic acid, was high in newly formed heads in both studied hybrids. In the conditions of spring cultivation, most of the studied macronutrients were high for Rocky F1 hybrid in the stage of technical ripening of heads, and for Unibotra F1 hybrid in the phase of new head formation (Si, Al, Na, P) and in middle ripening stage (Ca, Mg). Under the conditions of summer cultivation, most of the macronutrients were high for Rocky F1 hybrid in the phase of new head formation, and in Unibotra F1 hybrid - Si, Al, P were high in the phase of new head formation, and Ca, Mg, K - in middle ripening stage. Conclusion: The content of bioactive components (ascorbic acid, B vitamins, macronutrients) in cauliflower heads is influenced by the stage of cauliflower maturity and the cultivation period (spring, summer). This should be taken into account when developing targeting diets and growing cauliflower in semi-desert zones of the Republic of Armenia.Keywords: ascorbic acid, B vitamins, macronutrients, cauliflower head ripening stage
Relationship Between FERMT2, CELF1, COPI, CHRNA2, and ABCA7 Genetic Polymorphisms and Alzheimer’s Disease Risk in the Southern Chinese Population
Authors: Ding Yanfei , Chen Haijuan , Yan Yi , Qiu Yinghui , Zhao Aonan , Li Binyin , Xu Wei , Deng Yulei 
Published: November 2023

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multi-gene inherited disease, and apolipoprotein E ( APOE) ɛ4 is a strong risk factor. Other genetic factors are important but limited. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between 17 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and AD in the Southern Chinese populations. Methods: We recruited 242 AD patients and 208 controls. The SNaPshot technique was used to detect the SNPs. Results: Adjusted for sex and age, we found rs6572869 ( FERMT2), rs11604680 ( CELF1), and rs1317149 ( CELF1) were associated with AD risk in the dominant (rs6572869: p = 0.022, OR = 1.55; rs11604680: p = 0.007, OR = 1.68; rs1317149: p = 0.033, OR = 1.50) and overdominant models (rs6572869: p = 0.001, OR = 1.96; rs11604680: p = 0.002, OR = 1.82; rs1317149: p = 0.003, OR = 1.80). rs9898218 ( COPI) was associated with AD risk in the overdominant model ( p = 0.004, OR = 1.81). Further, rs2741342 ( CHRNA2) was associated with AD protection in the dominant ( p = 0.002, OR = 0.5) and additive models ( p = 0.002, OR = 0.64). Mutations in rs10742814 ( CELF1), rs11039280 ( CELF1), and rs3752242 ( ABCA7) contributed to AD protection. Among them, rs10742814 ( CELF1), rs3752242 ( ABCA7), and rs11039280 ( CELF1) were more significantly associated with AD carrying APOE ɛ4, whereas rs1317149 ( CELF1) showed an opposite trend. Interestingly, rs4147912 ( ABCA7) and rs2516049 ( HLA-DRB1) were identified to be relevant with AD carrying APOE ɛ4. Using expression quantitative trait locus analysis, we found polymorphisms in CELF1 (rs10742814 and rs11039280), ABCA7 (rs4147912), HLA-DRB1 (rs2516049), and ADGRF4 (rs1109581) correlated with their corresponding gene expression in the brain. Conclusions: We identified four risk and four protective SNPs associated with AD in the Southern Chinese population, with different correlations between APOE ɛ4 carriers and non-carriers. rs4147912 ( ABCA7) and rs2516049 ( HLA-DRB1) were associated with AD carrying APOE ɛ4.
Influence of the heat of combustion on calculations during the transport and consumption of natural gas
Authors: Konovalіuk V. , Franchuk Yu. 
Published: November 2023

Ukraine, as an independent state, has a market economy that works according to the requirements of the world natural gas market. Gas has become a commodity, that is, it has its own price depending on its quality and demand for it. Modern gas quality standards provide for the control of about thirty indicators. The efficiency of gas appliances has increased by about 25%. The requirement of accounting for gas in both volume units and energy units is established by law, similar to accounting in EU countries. When accounting for gas, the higher heat of combustion is used, that is, all the energy of the gas. But when conducting hydraulic calculations in the design and reconstruction of gas networks, values of lower heat of combustion are still used. When selecting gas-using equipment based on the data of the manufacturing plants, the performance characteristics of the devices, focused on lower combustion heat, are also indicated. There are differences in the approach to determining the energy component contained in a certain volume of gas in different sections of the gas transportation system. As a result, the amount of energy changes. It is proposed to use a higher heat of combustion not only when accounting for gas, but also when conducting calculations at all stages of gas movement along the gas transportation network, as well as when conducting hydraulic calculations of gas pipelines. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that at all stages of gas movement in the gas transportation network, both when designing gas networks and when calculating payment for the amount of gas consumed, it is advisable to use the value of the higher heat of combustion of gas. This will lead to a reduction in the volume of construction work and the diameters of gas pipelines during new construction and reconstruction of systems, a reduction in gas consumption due to its more complete use, a decrease in dependence on imported gas, an improvement in air quality due to a decrease in harmful emissions, which will occur when ensuring greater completeness of gas combustion.
The Potential of Renewable Energy Green Financing through Carbon Taxation to Achieve Net-Zero Emissions Target
Authors: Ayodele Freida Ozavize , Mustapa Siti Indati , Ayodele Bamidele Victor 
Published: November 2023

Climate change is mostly caused by anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide. By establishing green financing initiatives and levying taxes on carbon pollution, green financing and carbon taxes are seen as viable policy tools for reducing harmful environmental externalities. This study examines the role of carbon taxes as an emerging source of renewable energy green financing to achieve net-zero emissions targets. Raising research questions such as: Can carbon taxation be employed as a means of offsetting carbon emissions? What is the people’s perception of a carbon tax? Can carbon taxation be a potential source of green financing for renewable projects? The study established that the implementation of a carbon tax has a significant effect in offsetting carbon emissions to a large extent. However, there are divergent views of people toward the implementation of a carbon tax as indicated by studies from different countries. The findings established that the revenue generated from carbon tax could be channeled towards the funding of renewable energy projects as obtainable in Japan and other countries.
Carbon Emission Disclosure and Financial Performance of Quoted Nigerian Financial Services Companies
Authors: Emmanuel Yinka Lydia , Adenikinju Olayinka , Doorasamy Mishelle , Ayoola Tajueden John , Oladejo Abiodun Oyebamiji , Kwarbai Jerry D. , Otekunrin Adegbola Olubukola 
Published: November 2023

Countries and businesses all over the world are focusing on initiatives to safeguard the environment. The goal of stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations at a level that would preclude harmful anthropogenic interaction with the climate system is a key topic of focus during numerous endeavours. This study examined the relationship between the financial performances of quoted Nigerian financial services companies and carbon emission disclosure. The study employed ex-post facto research design and secondary data from the annual report of quoted Nigerian financial services companies. Multiple regression analysis was on a panel data set. Results show the variable that significantly returns on equity are ‘other indirect emission’ disclosure -scope 3 (coefficient = 0.416 and probability = 0.087), firm size (coefficient = 0.191 and probability = 0.089), capital intensity (coefficient = 0.000149 and probability = 0.000) and growth (coefficient = -0.0258 and probability = 0.014). The impact of other indirect emission disclosure -scope 3 on return on equity is positive and statistically significant. Also, the result shows the variable that significantly influences the return on sales are ‘other indirect emission’ disclosure -scope 3(coefficient = 0.790 and probability =0.001), firm size (coefficient = -0.395 and probability = 0.053), capital intensity (coefficient =0.000194 and probability =0.001) and growth (coefficient = 0.0360 and probability = 0.073). It was discovered that other indirect emission disclosure – scope 3 has a positive and significant effect on financial performance (ROE and ROS). This study concluded that carbon emission disclosure significantly influences the return on equity of the selected quoted Nigerian financial services companies. Also, the study concluded that carbon emission disclosure significantly influences the return on sales of the selected quoted Nigerian financial services companies.
MULHERES NEGRAS, EDUCAÇÃO E AS VULNERABILIDADES DO CÁRCERE: QUESTÕES DE GÊNERO, RAÇA E CLASSE
Authors: De Oliveira Fontoura Ivete , Araldi Vaz Rafael 
Published: November 2023

Este artigo reúne documentos e trabalhos acadêmico-científicos voltados à análise de mulheres em situação de cárcere. A partir deles, é traçado os processos históricos, sociais, culturais e educacionais envolvidos nesse contexto. São evidenciados aspectos sociais, educacionais e históricos das mulheres em situação de cárcere, cujos contornos permitem traçar um perfil da população carcerária brasileira, composta majoritariamente por homens e mulheres jovens, pretos e pretas, pardos e pardas, vulneráveis social e economicamente, com baixa escolaridade e inseridos e inseridas em sociedades precarizadas, devido à ingerência das políticas públicas na prevenção da criminalidade através da educação. O artigo se encontra organizado em duas partes. Na primeira seção analisamos o perfil das mulheres encarceradas a partir das categorias gênero, raça e classe. Na segunda seção, analisamos o que propõe a legislação no tocante à educação para pessoas em situação de cárcere e como se estruturam, a despeito da legislação vigente, as vulnerabilidades socioeducacionais femininas.
Palavras-chave: Mulheres. Cárcere. Educação. Sistema Prisional.

ABSTRACT
This article brings together documents and academic-scientific works focused on the analysis of women in prison. From them, the historical, social, cultural and educational processes involved in this context are traced. Social, educational and historical aspects of women in prison are highlighted, whose contours allow a profile of the Brazilian prison population to be drawn, mainly composed of young men and women, black and brown, brown and white, socially and economically vulnerable, with low education and inserted and inserted in precarious societies, due to the interference of public policies in the prevention of crime through education. The article is organized in two parts. In the first section, we analyze the profile of incarcerated women based on the categories of gender, race and class. In the second section, we analyze what the legislation proposes with regard to education for people in prison and how, despite the current legislation, female socio-educational vulnerabilities are structured.
Keywords: Women. Prison. Education. Prison System.
Contribution of inter-trial phase coherence at theta, alpha, and beta frequencies in auditory change detection
Authors: Xia Caifeng , Li Jinhong , Yan Rong , Su Wenwen , Liu Yuhe 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionAuditory change detection is a pre-attentive cortical auditory processing ability. Many neurological and psychological disorders can lead to defects in this process. Some studies have shown that phase synchronization may be related to auditory discrimination. However, the specific contributions of phase synchronization at different frequencies remain unclear.MethodsWe analyzed the electroencephalogram (EEG) data of 29 healthy adults using an oddball paradigm consisting of a standard stimulus and five deviant stimuli with varying frequency modulation patterns, including midpoint frequency transitions and linear frequency modulation. We then compared the peak amplitude and latency of inter-trial phase coherence (ITC) at the theta(θ), alpha(α), and beta(β) frequencies, as well as the N1 component, and their relationships with stimulus changes. At the same time, the characteristics of inter-trial phase coherence in response to the pure tone stimulation and chirp sound with a fine time-frequency structure were also assessed.ResultWhen the stimulus frequency did not change relative to the standard stimulus, the peak latency of phase coherence at β and α frequencies was consistent with that of the N1 component. The inter-trial phase coherence at β frequency (β-ITC)served as a faster indicator for detecting frequency transition when the stimulus frequency was changed relative to the standard stimulus. β-ITC demonstrates temporal stability when detecting pure sinusoidal tones and their frequency changes, and is less susceptible to interference from other neural activities. The phase coherence at θ frequency could integrate the frequency and temporal characteristics of deviant into a single representation, which can be compared with the memory trace formed by the standard stimulus, thus effectively identifying auditory changes. Pure sinusoidal tone stimulation could induce higher inter-trial phase coherence in a smaller time window, but chirp sounds with a fine time-frequency structure required longer latencies to achieve phase coherence.ConclusionPhase coherence at theta, alpha, and beta frequencies are all involved in auditory change detection, but play different roles in this automatic process. Complex time-frequency modulated stimuli require longer processing time for effective change detection.
Semen proteomics reveals alterations in fertility-related proteins post-recovery from COVID-19
Authors: Dash Ankita , Salkar Akanksha , Nissa Mehar Un , Makwana Prashant , Athalye Arundhati , Parikh Swapneil , Srivastava Sanjeeva , Parikh Firuza 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Changes to sperm quality and decline in reproductive function have been reported in COVID-19-recovered males. Further, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has caused the resurgences of COVID-19 cases globally during the last 2 years. These variants show increased infectivity and transmission along with immune escape mechanisms, which threaten the already burdened healthcare system. However, whether COVID-19 variants induce an effect on the male reproductive system even after recovery remains elusive.Methods: We used mass-spectrometry-based proteomics approaches to understand the post-COVID-19 effect on reproductive health in men using semen samples post-recovery from COVID-19. The samples were collected between late 2020 (1st wave, n = 20), and early-to-mid 2021 (2nd wave, n = 21); control samples were included (n = 10). During the 1st wave alpha variant was prevalent in India, whereas the delta variant dominated the second wave.Results: On comparing the COVID-19-recovered patients from the two waves with control samples, using one-way ANOVA, we identified 69 significantly dysregulated proteins among the three groups. Indeed, this was also reflected by the changes in sperm count, morphology, and motility of the COVID-19- recovered patients. In addition, the pathway enrichment analysis showed that the regulated exocytosis, neutrophil degranulation, antibacterial immune response, spermatogenesis, spermatid development, regulation of extracellular matrix organization, regulation of peptidase activity, and regulations of calcium ion transport were significantly dysregulated. These pathways directly or indirectly affect sperm parameters and function. Our study provides a comprehensive landscape of expression trends of semen proteins related to male fertility in men recovering from COVID-19.Discussion: Our study suggests that the effect of COVID-19 on the male reproductive system persists even after recovery from COVID-19. In addition, these post-COVID-19 complications persist irrespective of the prevalent variants or vaccination status.
Operational failures in general practice: a consensus-building study on the priorities for improvement
Authors: Sinnott Carol , Alboksmaty Ahmed , Moxey Jordan M , Morley Katherine I , Parkinson Sarah , Burt Jenni , Dixon-Woods Mary 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundSystem problems, known as operational failures, can greatly affect the work of GPs, with negative consequences for patient and professional experience, efficiency, and effectiveness. Many operational failures are tractable to improvement, but which ones should be prioritised is less clear.AimTo build consensus among GPs and patients on the operational failures that should be prioritised to improve NHS general practice.Design and settingTwo modified Delphi exercises were conducted online among NHS GPs and patients in several regions across England.MethodBetween February and October 2021, two modified Delphi exercises were conducted online: one with NHS GPs, and a subsequent exercise with patients. Over two rounds, GPs rated the importance of a list of operational failures (n= 45) that had been compiled using existing evidence. The resulting shortlist was presented to patients for rating over two rounds. Data were analysed using median scores and interquartile ranges. Consensus was defined as 80% of responses falling within one value below and above the median.ResultsSixty-two GPs responded to the first Delphi exercise, and 53.2% (n= 33) were retained through to round two. This exercise yielded consensus on 14 failures as a priority for improvement, which were presented to patients. Thirty-seven patients responded to the first patient Delphi exercise, and 89.2% (n= 33) were retained through to round two. Patients identified 13 failures as priorities. The highest scoring failures included inaccuracies in patients’ medical notes, missing test results, and difficulties referring patients to other providers because of problems with referral forms.ConclusionThis study identified the highest-priority operational failures in general practice according to GPs and patients, and indicates where improvement efforts relating to operational failures in general practice should be focused.
Elastic constants of GaN grown by the oxide vapor phase epitaxy method
Authors: Fukuda Hiroki , Nagakubo Akira , Usami Shigeyoshi , Imanishi Masayuki , Mori Yusuke , Ogi Hirotsugu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Oxide vapor phase epitaxy (OVPE) has attracted much attention as a highly efficient method for synthesizing high-quality bulk GaN crystals, but the mechanical properties of OVPE GaN have not been clarified. We measured the five independent elastic constants of the OVPE GaN by resonant ultrasound spectroscopy. The in-plane Young modulus E
1 and shear modulus C
66 of the OVPE GaN are smaller than those of the hydride vapor phase epitaxy GaN by 1.8% and 1.3%, respectively. These reductions agree with predictions by density functional theory calculations. We also calculated the Debye temperature, revealing that oxygen impurity decreases its magnitude.
الاشتقاقُ عندَ ابنِ جنِّي -دراسة تحليلية-
Authors: الجنابي سيروان عبد الزهرة 
Published: November 2023

إذا كانت العلّة التي أُسِّست من اجلها اللغة هي أداء الفهم المتبادَل بين المتخاطِبين بها، فإنَّ هذه الغاية تُلزِمُها ان تتموضع في جميع مسالكها لتحقيق تكامل (الدلالة) فنجدها تحثُّ الخطى سعياً إليها؛ لأنها تُمثِّل ثمرة البدء التي انبنت عليها قنوات التواصل على هيأة الأداء اللغوي، من هنا وجبَ ان يوضَع لكل لفظ معنى يُعبِّر عنه فتتألف لدينا - بهذا - المفردات وهي المرتكزات المحايدة او الوحدات اللغوية الأساس لنشأة أي لغة، بيد ان الوقوف عند هذا الأمر قد يكون موافقاً لبدايات عملية الفهم الإنساني اعتماداً على ضعف القدرة على التداول لبساطة التفكير الإنساني وقتذاك عامة والتفكير اللغوي خاصة، ثم ان تلك الوحدات هي أكثر ملاءمة لحاجاته البدائية التي يُحاول التعبير عنها للطرف الآخر، على حين ان امتداد العامل الزمني للإنسان ودخول المستجدات العصرية والتطور الحضاري على عالمه دعته الى البحث عن كيفيات في اللغة تُعينُهُ على التعبير عن هذه الأشياء بصورة استيعابية كاملة، من هنا افتقر الى الزيادة على الأصول الأولى (مفردات النشأة اللغوية)، فدأب على وضع وسائل تثري اللغة فكان الاشتقاق والتركيب والترادف والمشترك وغيرها، و هذه الوسائل جميعها أوجدت بغاية التوسيع في الأداء اللغوي للوصول الى تحقيق المراد وهو إيصال (الدلالة).ولأهمية هذه المرتكزات الإثرائية فان البحث سيُشرِع في دراسة إحداها وهي ركيزة (الاشتقاق) وسيتناوله تحديداً عند أبي الفتح عثمان بن جني (ت392هـ)؛ لانه أول من تنبه على وجود جنس آخر للاشتقاق غير ما هو شائع لدى الناس، واذا كان لابد لكل بحث من فرضيات يقوم عليها فان هذا البحث سينعقد على فرضيتين على المورد الآتي:الأولى: السؤال عن الأسس الفكرية التي ابتنى عليها ابن جني هذا الصنف الاشتقاقي الذي نسبه لنفسه وما ماهيته المفهومية، وهل لهذه الأسس صلة او ارتباط – في اعتقاده العميق – بنظريات نشأة اللغة الذي فصَّل فيها القول في موضعه وإذا كان الاشتقاق يمثل ولادة لتدعيم الأداء اللغوي أ فيمكن ان نعد نشوءه – عل وفق هذه الرؤيا – متزامناً مع نشأة المفردات الأولى أم انه ظهر في مرحلة لاحقة عليها؟والثانية: هل يتفق ابن جني مع فكر المحدثين في ان يجعل (الاشتقاق الأكبر) موافقاً لمفهوم الإبدال او القلب المكاني، وإذا كان هؤلاء المحدثون قد جعلوا (النحت) إحدى وسائل الاشتقاق في اللغة فهل يعدُّه ابن جني كذلك توافقاً أم انَّه يُباينُهم النظر في هذا، و سيسعى البحث للإجابة عن هاتين الفرضيتين.