bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction of Multifunctional Covalent Organic Frameworks for Photocatalysis
Authors: Chen Zhi , Wang Jian‐Cheng , Du Jia‐Qi , Kan Xuan , Sun Ting , Kan Jing‐Lan , Dong Yu‐Bin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) have recently drawn intense attention due to their potential applications in photocatalysis. Herein, we report a multifunctional COF which consists of triphenylamine (TPA) and 2,2′‐bipyridine (2, 2′‐bipy) entities. The obtained TAPA−BPy−COF is a heterogeneous photocatalyst and can efficiently catalyze the oxidative coupling of thiols to disulfides. In addition, TAPA−BPy−COF can be further metalated by Pd(II) via 2,2′‐bipy−metal coordination. The generated Pd@TAPA−BPy−COF can highly promote photocatalytic synthesis of 3‐cyanopyridines via cascade addition/cyclization of arylboronic acids with γ‐ketodinitriles in heterogeneous way. This work has demonstrated the way for the rational design and preparation of more efficient photoactive COFs for photocatalysis.
Probabilistic stationary subspace regression model for soft sensing of nonstationary industrial processes
Authors: Zhao Hongxia , Xu Jingyun , Wang Peiliang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBenefitting from the development of industrial intelligence, data‐driven soft sensors have been widely applied in industrial processes in recent years. Driven by fluctuations in raw material quality, varying loads, and uncertain disturbances, industrial processes are often characterized by nonstationary properties. However, the nonstationary characteristics of the process are not considered in traditional data‐driven methods, leading to the poor prediction performance of soft sensors. Meanwhile, numerous nonstationary modelling methods have been proposed for process monitoring, with probabilistic stationary subspace analysis (PSSA) showing significant application potential. Unfortunately, PSSA has not yet been used to develop effective soft sensors for nonstationary processes. Therefore, the PSSA model is extended to the regression form (PSSR), and a corresponding soft sensing model is developed in this paper. Unlike previous approaches, the proposed PSSR can offer a suitable description of nonstationary processes and fully capture the mathematical correlation between input and output variables. Finally, the prediction performance of PSSR is verified through case studies on a numerical example and penicillin fermentation process. The experimental results indicate that PSSR can provide a superior solution for soft sensing modelling of nonstationary industrial processes.
Atroposelective Synthesis of 2‐Arylindoles via Chiral Phosphoric Acid‐Catalyzed Direct Amination of Indoles†
Authors: Bao Wen , Chen Ye‐Hui , Liu Yu‐Wei , Xiang Shao‐Hua , Tan Bin 
Published: November 2023

Comprehensive SummaryIndole‐based atropisomers are a very important class of axially chiral compounds. However, the atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral 2‐arylindole remains largely unexplored. In this study, we report the successful synthesis of atropisomeric 2‐arylindoles using direct amination of indoles with p‐quinonediimines in the presence of chiral phosphoric acid as a catalyst. Quinonediimine acts as an aminating reagent through formal polarity inversion of imine. The malonate group on the 2‐aryl of 2‐indoles was found to be essential for high enantioselectivity of the products. This could be due to the additional interaction between the ester group and the catalyst, as well as the intramolecular hydrogen bonding. Our findings provide a new strategy for the asymmetric construction of 2‐arylindole atropisomers.
Factors associated with disease progression in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure anticoagulated with rivaroxaban
Authors: Manito Nicolás , Cepeda‐Rodrigo José María , Farré Nuria , Castillo Orive Miguel , Galve Enrique , Jiménez‐Candil Javier , García‐Pinilla José M. , López Sánchez Eduardo Sebastián , Rafols Carles , Gómez Doblas Juan José 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) have a high risk of thromboembolism and other outcomes and anticoagulation is recommended.HypothesisThis study was aimed to explore the risk factors associated with HF worsening in patients with AF and HF taking rivaroxaban in Spain.MethodsMulticenter, prospective, observational study that included adults with AF and chronic HF, receiving rivaroxaban ≥4 months before entering. HF worsening was defined as first hospitalization or emergency visit because of HF exacerbation.ResultsA total of 672 patients from 71 Spanish centers were recruited, of whom 658 (97.9%) were included in the safety analysis and 552 (82.1%) in the per protocol analysis. At baseline, mean age was 73.7 ± 10.9 years, 64.9% were male, CHA2DS2‐VASc was 4.1 ± 1.5, HAS‐BLED was 1.6 ± 0.9% and 51.3% had HF with preserved ejection fraction. After 24 months of follow‐up, 24.9% of patients developed HF worsening, 11.6% died, 2.9% had a thromboembolic event, 3.1% a major bleeding, 0.5% an intracranial bleeding and no patient had a fatal hemorrhage. Older age, the history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the previous use of vitamin K antagonists, and restrictive or infiltrative cardiomyopathies, were independently associated with HF worsening. Only 6.9% of patients permanently discontinued rivaroxaban treatment.ConclusionsApproximately one out of four patients with HF and AF treated with rivaroxaban developed a HF worsening episode after 2 years of follow‐up. The identification of those factors that increase the risk of HF worsening could be helpful in the comprehensive management of this population.
C7‐Halomethylene/methyl‐C3‐thiophenyl‐spirocyclic‐β‐lactams: Synthesis, X‐ray Analysis, Antimicrobial Evaluation, Cytotoxicity Profile and Molecular Docking Interactions
Authors: Yadav Pooja , Kumari Sumeeta , Kaur Jaswinder , Sahoo S. C. , Reenu  , Kumar Pinnaka Anil , Bhalla Aman 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the realm of healthcare, the continuous evolution of new alternative antimicrobial agents provides hope in addressing the progressively daunting issue of severe multidrug resistance. In our quest to confront drug resistance, we explored the conjugation of thiophene motif with β‐lactams into single matrix to develop a series of spirocyclic‐β‐lactams. For this, stereoselective synthesis of cis‐C3‐alkyloxy‐C4‐thiophenyl substituted monocyclic β‐lactams was achieved which were further subjected to intramolecular sulfenyl‐cyclization to furnish C7‐halomethylene/methyl‐C3‐thiophenyl substituted spirocyclic‐β‐lactams. The synthesized compounds were investigated in vitro for their potential activity against six multidrug‐resistant bacterial strains. The most promising C7‐iodomethylene‐C3‐thiophenyl‐spirocyclic‐β‐lactam 7 a appended with 4′‐methoxyphenyl moiety, exhibited acceptable activity against B. cereus and P. aeruginosa with MIC values of 0.75 and 6.25 μg/mL respectively, surpassing ampicillin and vancomycin. Furthermore, this compound demonstrated antifungal effectiveness against C. tropicalis (1.5 μg/mL). On the basis of substituent type and their respective positions, compounds possessing −OCH3 and −C=CHX (halomethylene) groups exhibited more inhibitory potential than others. Active derivatives tested for their cytotoxicity on normal human hepatic (THLE‐2) cell lines confirmed their non‐toxic nature. Further, molecular docking studies predicted the favourable binding interactions of spirocycles within active sites of target proteins. Moreover, several compounds illustrate satisfactory in silico ADME profile. These outcomes provided bright prospect for development of spirocyclic‐β‐lactams as potential solution to combat evolving multidrug resistance.
Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies Based on Nucleic Acid Aptamers Selected against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: The Challenge of Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Gutiérrez‐Santana Juan Carlos , Coria‐Jiménez Victor Rafael 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a rapidly spreading global health problem, and approximately five million deaths associated with AMR pathogens were identified prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic. Pseudomonas aeruginosa has developed increasing AMR, and in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) colonized by this bacterium, rare phenotypes have emerged that complicate the diagnosis and treatment of the hosts, in addition to multiple associated “epidemic strains” with high morbidities and mortalities. The conjugation of aptamers with fluorochromes or nanostructures has allowed the design of new identification strategies for Pseudomonas aeruginosa with detection limits of up to 1 cell ⋅ mL−1, and the synergy of aptamers with antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides and nanostructures has exhibited promising therapeutic qualities. Some selected aptamers against this bacterium have shown intrinsic antimicrobial activity. However, these aptamers have been poorly evaluated in clinical isolates and have shown decreased interactions for CF isolates, demonstrating, in these cases, uncommon phenotypes resulting from the selective qualities of this disease as well as the great adaptive capacity of the pathogen. Therefore, finding an aptamer or set of aptamers that have the ability to recognize strange phenotypes of this bacillus is crucial in the battle against AMR.
The possible role furin and furin inhibitors in endometrial adenocarcinoma: A narrative review
Authors: Al‐kuraishy Hayder M. , Al‐Maiahy Thabat J. , Al‐Gareeb Ali I. , Alexiou Athanasios , Papadakis Marios , Saad Hebatallah M. , Batiha Gaber El‐Saber 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundEndometrial adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a malignant tumor of the endometrium. EAC is the most common female malignancy following the menopause period. About 40% of patients with EAC are linked with obesity and interrelated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and high circulating estrogen levels. Proprotein convertase (PC) furin was involved in the progression of EAC.Recent findingsFurin is a protease enzyme belonging to the subtilisin PC family called PC subtilisin/kexin type 3 that converts precursor proteins to biologically active forms and products. Aberrant activation of furin promotes abnormal cell proliferation and the development of cancer. Furin promotes angiogenesis, malignant cell proliferation, and tissue invasion by malignant cells through its pro‐metastatic and oncogenic activities. Furin activity is correlated with the malignant proliferation of EAC. Higher expression of furin may increase the development of EAC through overexpression of pro‐renin receptors and disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17). As well, inflammatory signaling in EAC promotes the expression of furin with further propagation of malignant transformation.ConclusionFurin is associated with the development and progression of EAC through the induction of proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of malignant cells of EAC. Furin induces ontogenesis in EAC through activation expression of ADAM17, pro‐renin receptor, CD109, and TGF‐β. As well, EAC‐mediated inflammation promotes the expression of furin with further propagation of neoplastic growth and invasion.
Imaging flow cytometry of tumoroids: A new method for studying GPCR expression
Authors: Gratio V. , Dayot S. , Benadda S. , Nicole P. , Saveanu L. , Voisin T. , Couvineau A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFluorescence confocal microscopy is commonly used to analyze the regulation membrane proteins expression such as G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs). With this approach, the internal movement of GPCRs within the cell can be observed with a high degree of resolution. However, these microscopy techniques led to complex and time‐consuming analysis and did not allow a large population of events to be sampled. A recent approach termed imaging flow cytometry (IFC), which combines flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy, had two main advantages to study the regulation of GPCRs expression such as orexins receptors (OXRs): the ability (1) to analyze large numbers of cells and; (2) to visualize cell integrity and fluorescent markers localization. Here, we compare these two technologies using the orexin A (OxA) ligand coupled to rhodamine (OxA‐rho) to investigate anti‐tumoral OX1R expression in human digestive cancers. IFC has been adapted for cancer epithelial adherent cells and also to 3D cell culture tumoroids which partially mimic tumoral structures. In the absence of specific antibody, expression of OX1R is examined in the presence of OxA‐rho. 2D‐culture of colon cancer cells HT‐29 exhibits a maximum level of OX1R internalization induced by OxA with 19% ± 3% colocalizing to early endosomes. In 3D‐culture of HT‐29 cells, internalization of OX1R/OxA‐rho reached its maximum at 60 min, with 30.7% ± 6.4% of OX1R colocalizing with early endosomes. This is the first application of IFC to the analysis of the expression of a native GPCR, OX1R, in both 2D and 3D cultures of adherent cancer cells.
Metamaterial‐inspired miniaturized and broadband U‐slotted patch antenna for the 5G communications covering the full N78 band
Authors: Lu Hao , Zhang Bei , Xu Xiaofei 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThis work presents a new miniaturized and broadband metamaterial‐inspired U‐slotted patch antenna (MUPA), aiming to cover the full N78 band in the 5G mobile communications. Two techniques as the mushroom metamaterials and U‐slotted patch are synthetically used in the MUPA. A particular MUPA is designed with low‐cost low‐index substrates with εr = 2.2 and further demonstrated in experiments. It is found that the new antenna has an operating bandwidth of 3.30 to 3.82 GHz (14.6%). The patch length is only 18 mm (0.21λ, λ is the wavelength at the center frequency 3.56 GHz). The radiation characteristics of the MUPA are also studied in experiments. The measured antenna gain is 5.54 dBi whereas the cross‐polarizations are successfully suppressed lower than −16 dB, making the MUPA promising to meet the demands of 5G mobile communications.
Evaluating Enterococcus faecium9 N‐2 as a probiotic candidate from traditional village white cheese
Authors: Dikbaş Neslihan , Orman Yusuf Can , Alım Şeyma , Uçar Sevda , Tülek Ahmet 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, various functional and probiotic attributes of the Enterococcus faecium 9 N‐2 strain isolated from village‐style white cheese were characterized, while also assessing its safety. To achieve this, we conducted an in vitro analysis of several key probiotic properties exhibited by the 9 N‐2 strain. Notably, this strain demonstrated robust resilience to low pH, high bile salt concentrations, lysozyme, pepsin, pancreatin, and phenol. Furthermore, this strain displayed exceptional auto‐aggregation capabilities and moderate co‐aggregation tendencies when interacting with Escherichia coli. The cell‐free supernatant derived from strain 9 N‐2 exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogens. The strain exhibited resistance to gentamicin, meropenem, and bacitracin, while remaining susceptible to vancomycin and various other antibiotics. Furthermore, it was found that E. faecium 9 N‐2 possessed the capacity to produce the phytase enzyme. When all the results of this study are evaluated, it is thought that 9 N‐2 strain has superior probiotic properties, and therefore it can be used as probiotic in food, medicine, and animal feed in the future. In addition, further in vivo tests should be performed to fully understand its effects and mechanisms of action and to confirm its safety and probiotic effects. Further research and clinical trials are also needed to identify new strains with potential probiotic properties.
Automatic detection of ischemic necrotic sites in small intestinal tissue using hyperspectral imaging and transfer learning
Authors: Zhang Lechao , Xue Jianxia , Xie Yi , Huang Danfei , Xie Zhonghao , Zhu Libin , Chen Xiaoqing , Cui Guihua , Ali Shujat , Huang Guangzao , Chen Xiaojing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAcquiring large amounts of hyperspectral data of small intestinal tissue with real labels in the clinic is difficult, and the data shows inter‐patient variability. Building an automatic identification model using a small dataset presents a crucial challenge in obtaining a strong generalization of the model. This study aimed to explore the performance of hyperspectral imaging and transfer learning techniques in the automatic identification of normal and ischemic necrotic sites in small intestinal tissue. Hyperspectral data of small intestinal tissues were collected from eight white rabbit samples. The transfer component analysis (TCA) method was performed to transfer learning on hyperspectral data between different samples and the variability of data distribution between samples was reduced. The results showed that the TCA transfer learning method improved the accuracy of the classification model with less training data. This study provided a reliable method for single‐sample modelling to detect necrotic sites in small intestinal tissue .
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: CEUS characteristics are correlated with pathological findings and help predict early recurrence after resection
Authors: Wang Lan , Wang Guojuan , Wang Peihua , Nie Fang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo identify characteristics of preoperative contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) that could predict early recurrence after curative resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).MethodsFrom January 2017 to September 2022, a total of 110 patients with PDAC (all confirmed by samples obtained via operation) who underwent CEUS within 1 month before surgery were enrolled. We proposed five CEUS enhancement patterns (Pattern I, homogeneous enhancement; Pattern II, heterogeneous enhancement without cystic components; pattern III, ring enhancement; Pattern IV, starry enhancement; Pattern V, heterogeneous enhancement with cystic components) of PDAC. Clinical‐pathologic and CEUS characteristics for predicting early recurrence (recurrence within 1 year after curative resection) were analyzed. Important CEUS characteristics were compared with the pathological findings.ResultsTumor size and TNM stage were closely associated with early recurrence. Incomplete‐enhancement and enhancement pattern III, IV and V at CEUS imaging were more prone to early recurrence. Incomplete‐enhancement lesions had higher histological tumor grades, less frequent remaining acini, and more frequent necrosis within the tumor. PDACs with pattern I and II had lower histological tumor grades, and pattern III, IV and V had higher histological tumor grades. PDACs with pattern I, II and IV had less frequent intratumoral necrosis than PDACs with pattern III and V, and PDACs with pattern IV had lower MVD values.ConclusionsPDACs with incomplete enhancement and enhancement pattern III, IV and V were more prone to early recurrence after attempted curative resection, and these important CEUS characteristics were closely related to the pathological findings of PDAC.
Identifying clinical response to daratumumab therapy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma using a patient‐derived in vitro model
Authors: van Nieuwenhuijzen Niels , Cuenca Marta , Abbink Leonie , Jak Margot , Peperzak Victor , Minnema Monique C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractResponse to daratumumab in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma is heterogeneous, and a reliable biomarker of response is lacking. We aimed to develop a method that identifies response to daratumumab therapy. Patient‐derived MM cells were collected before start of daratumumab treatment and were cultured in a hydrogel‐based culture system. The extent of antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement‐dependent cytotoxicity in vitro was associated with both clinical response and progression‐free survival in corresponding patients. Together, our results demonstrate that in vitro sensitivity to daratumumab therapy in a hydrogel culture with primary MM cells might be used to identify patients most likely to benefit from treatment.
Response of surface energy fluxes and hydrothermal characteristics to night‐time precipitation changes in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Dong Qingxue , Luo Siqiong , Wen Xiaohang , Wang Jingyuan , Tan Xiaoqing , Chen Zihang , Wang Ziyue 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the applicability of the land‐surface model CLM 4.5 in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau by utilizing field observation data from Kabu and Pailong sites. Furthermore, the study investigated the impact of night‐time precipitation changes on radiation, surface energy fluxes and soil hydrothermal characteristics in this region. Results revealed that CLM 4.5 accurately simulated upward shortwave/longwave radiation, surface energy fluxes and soil temperature in this region. However, the simulation of soil moisture exhibited a slight fluctuation of the simulated value during precipitation, resulting in poorer performance during heavy precipitation and a failure to simulate the rapid change of latent heat flux and soil moisture. Sensitivity experiments demonstrated that night‐time precipitation significantly influenced upward shortwave/longwave radiation, energy budge and soil hydrothermal processes, with each element changing considerably with changes in precipitation. Surface energy fluxes and hydrothermal characteristics were found to be more sensitive to increased precipitation than decreased precipitation. Additionally, soil moisture was found to play a crucial role in the impact of precipitation changes on surface energy fluxes and hydrothermal characteristics. Furthermore, the study also found that changes in precipitation had a more pronounced effect on relatively dry areas and seasons than already extremely wet areas and seasons. Finally, the variation in soil moisture was found to be restricted by the original soil moisture. In conclusion, this study highlighted the significant influence of night‐time precipitation on surface hydrothermal characteristics and surface energy budget in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau.
Forensic analysis of white automotive paint of same manufacturer with Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics
Authors: Lei Lei , Massonnet Geneviève 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDiscriminating paints of the same color has always been a challenge in automotive paint examination. The process is even more difficult when these paints originate from the same manufacturer and color. Raman spectroscopy is an effective and non‐destructive method that is commonly used to differentiate automotive paint. This method is often used to provide a reliable information about pigments and extenders contained in topcoats and is barely used to examine other layers of paints. In this study, A total of 54 white automotive paints from one single manufacturer (Volkswagen) were prepared and analyzed by Raman Spectroscopy. Each layer of the samples was measured in order to evaluate if Raman spectroscopy can provide good discrimination power. Statistical methods were used to characterize and classify these samples. Correlations between paint characteristics and discriminating factors (such as model, topcoat color code, production year, and assembly plant) were also investigated to get a deeper understanding of automotive paints.