bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stat5 expression is critical for mast cell development and survival
Authors: Shelburne Christopher P. , McCoy Margaret E. , Piekorz Roland , Sexl Veronica , Roh Kwan-Ho , Jacobs-Helber Sarah M. , Gillespie Sheila R. , Bailey Daniel P. , Mirmonsef Paria , Mann Meredith N. , Kashyap Mohit , Wright Harry V. , Chong Hey Jin , Bouton L. Andrew , Barnstein Brian , Ramirez Carlos D. , Bunting Kevin D. , Sawyer Steven , Lantz Chris S. , Ryan John J. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractInterleukin-3 (IL-3) and stem cell factor (SCF) are important mast cell growth and differentiation factors. Since both cytokines activate the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (Stat5), a known regulator of proliferation and survival, we investigated the effects of Stat5 deficiency on mast cell development and survival. Bone marrow–derived mast cell (BMMC) populations cultured from Stat5A/B-deficient mice survived in IL-3 + SCF, but not in either cytokine alone. These cells demonstrated reduced expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-x(L), cyclin A2, and cyclin B1, with increased apoptosis and delayed cell cycle progression during IL-3 or SCF culture. Finally, the absence of Stat5 resulted in loss of in vivo mast cell development, as judged by assessments of Stat5-deficient mice and transplantation of Stat5-deficient bone marrow cells to mast cell-deficient recipient mice. These results indicate that Stat5A and Stat5B are critical regulators of in vitro and in vivo mast cell development and survival.
Randomized Controlled Trial of Exercise Training in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Survivors: Cardiopulmonary and Quality of Life Outcomes
Authors: Courneya Kerry S. , Mackey John R. , Bell Gordon J. , Jones Lee W. , Field Catherine J. , Fairey Adrian S. 
Published: April 2003

Purpose: To determine the effects of exercise training on cardiopulmonary function and quality of life (QOL) in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors who had completed surgery, radiotherapy, and/or chemotherapy with or without current hormone therapy use. Methods: Fifty-three postmenopausal breast cancer survivors were randomly assigned to an exercise (n = 25) or control (n = 28) group. The exercise group trained on cycle ergometers three times per week for 15 weeks at a power output that elicited the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide. The control group did not train. The primary outcomes were changes in peak oxygen consumption and overall QOL from baseline to postintervention. Peak oxygen consumption was assessed by a graded exercise test using gas exchange analysis. Overall QOL was assessed by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Breast scale. Results: Fifty-two participants completed the trial. The exercise group completed 98.4% of the exercise sessions. Baseline values for peak oxygen consumption (P = .254) and overall QOL (P = .286) did not differ between groups. Peak oxygen consumption increased by 0.24 L/min in the exercise group, whereas it decreased by 0.05 L/min in the control group (mean difference, 0.29 L/min; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18 to 0.40; P < .001). Overall QOL increased by 9.1 points in the exercise group compared with 0.3 points in the control group (mean difference, 8.8 points; 95% CI, 3.6 to 14.0; P = .001). Pearson correlations indicated that change in peak oxygen consumption correlated with change in overall QOL (r = 0.45; P < .01). Conclusion: Exercise training had beneficial effects on cardiopulmonary function and QOL in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors.
Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma With Sclerosis in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients: Treatment and Results From Three Therapeutic Studies of the Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster Group
Authors: Seidemann K. , Tiemann M. , Lauterbach I. , Mann G. , Simonitsch I. , Stankewitz K. , Schrappe M. , Zimmermann M. , Niemeyer C. , Parwaresch R. , Riehm H. , Reiter A. 
Published: April 2003

Purpose: Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma with sclerosis (PMLBL) is a rare entity of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) arising from thymic mature B cells. Optimal treatment strategies remain to be established, especially in pediatric patients. Patients and Methods: This study analyzes clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of 30 pediatric patients with PMLBL, diagnosed in multicenter therapy NHL–Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster Group (BFM) trials. Treatment was stratified by stage and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and consisted of four to six 5-day courses of chemotherapy using steroids, oxazaphosphorine alkylating agents, methotrexate, cytarabine, etoposide, and doxorubicin. Radiation was not part of the protocol. Results: From April 1986 to August 1999, 1,650 patients with newly diagnosed NHL were enrolled in the NHL-BFM trials; 30 patients (1.8%) had PMLBL. Median age was 14.3 years (range, 1.4 to 16.7 years); 15 patients were male and 15 patients were female. With a median observation time of 5 years (range, 1 to 12 years), probability of event-free survival (pEFS) at 5 years was 0.70 (SE, 0.08). Two patients erroneously diagnosed as T-cell NHL received non–B-cell therapy and died from progress of disease. Events in 28 patients receiving B-cell therapy included early progress during therapy (n = 1) and relapse (n = 6). Residual mediastinal masses were present in 23 patients after two courses of therapy and in 15 patients after the end of therapy. LDH ≥ 500 U/L was associated with increased risk of failure in multivariate analysis. Conclusion: PMLBL mainly is found in adolescents. Dose-intense chemotherapy including high-dose methotrexate yields a pEFS at 5 years of 0.70 (SE, 0.08). LDH is of prognostic value in pediatric patients with PMLBL.
Classification of Clear-Cell Sarcoma as a Subtype of Melanoma by Genomic Profiling
Authors: Segal Neil H. , Pavlidis Paul , Noble William S. , Antonescu Cristina R. , Viale Agnes , Wesley Umadevi V. , Busam Klaus , Gallardo Humilidad , DeSantis Dianne , Brennan Murray F. , Cordon-Cardo Carlos , Wolchok Jedd D. , Houghton Alan N. 
Published: April 2003

Purpose: To develop a genome-based classification scheme for clear-cell sarcoma (CCS), also known as melanoma of soft parts (MSP), which would have implications for diagnosis and treatment. This tumor displays characteristic features of soft tissue sarcoma (STS), including deep soft tissue primary location and a characteristic translocation, t(12;22)(q13;q12), involving EWS and ATF1 genes. CCS/MSP also has typical melanoma features, including immunoreactivity for S100 and HMB45, pigmentation, MITF-M expression, and a propensity for regional lymph node metastases. Materials and Methods: RNA samples from 21 cell lines and 60 pathologically confirmed cases of STS, melanoma, and CCS/MSP were examined using the U95A GeneChip (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA). Hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and support vector machine (SVM) analysis exploited genomic correlations within the data to classify CCS/MSP. Results: Unsupervised analyses demonstrated a clear distinction between STS and melanoma and, furthermore, showed that CCS/MSP cluster with the melanomas as a distinct group. A supervised SVM learning approach further validated this finding and provided a user-independent approach to diagnosis. Genes of interest that discriminate CCS/MSP included those encoding melanocyte differentiation antigens, MITF, SOX10, ERBB3, and FGFR1. Conclusion: Gene expression profiles support the classification of CCS/MSP as a distinct genomic subtype of melanoma. Analysis of these gene profiles using the SVM may be an important diagnostic tool. Genomic analysis identified potential targets for the development of therapeutic strategies in the treatment of this disease.
Mediastinal Lymph Node Clearance After Docetaxel-Cisplatin Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Is Prognostic of Survival in Patients With Stage IIIA pN2 Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Phase II Trial
Authors: Betticher Daniel C. , Hsu Schmitz Shu-Fang , Tötsch Martin , Hansen Eva , Joss Christine , von Briel Christian , Schmid Ralph A. , Pless Miklos , Habicht James , Roth Arnaud D. , Spiliopoulos Anastase , Stahel Rolf , Weder Walter , Stupp Roger , Egli Fritz , Furrer Markus , Honegger Hanspeter , Wernli Martin , Cerny Thomas , Ris Hans-Beat 
Published: April 2003

Purpose: A multicenter, phase II trial investigated the efficacy and toxicity of neoadjuvant docetaxel-cisplatin in locally advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and examined prognostic factors for patients not benefiting from surgery. Patients and Methods: Ninety patients with previously untreated, potentially operable stage IIIA (mediastinoscopically pN2) NSCLC received three cycles of docetaxel 85 mg/m2 day 1 plus cisplatin 40 mg/m2 days 1 and 2, with subsequent surgical resection. Results: Administered dose-intensities were docetaxel 85 mg/m2/3 weeks (range, 53 to 96) and cisplatin 95 mg/m2/3 weeks (range, 0 to 104). The 265 cycles were well tolerated, and the overall response rate was 66% (95% confidence interval [CI], 55% to 75%). Seventy-five patients underwent tumor resection with positive resection margin and involvement of the uppermost mediastinal lymph node in 16% and 35% of patients, respectively (perioperative mortality, 3%; morbidity, 17%). Pathologic complete response occurred in 19% of patients with tumor resection. In patients with tumor resection, downstaging to N0–1 at surgery was prognostic and significantly prolonged event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS; P = .0001). At median follow-up of 32 months, the median EFS and OS were 14.8 months (range, 2.4 to 53.4) and 33 months (range, 2.4 to 53.4), respectively. Local relapse occurred in 27% of patients with tumor resection, with distant metastases in 37%. Multivariate analyses identified mediastinal clearance (hazard ratio, 0.22; P = .0003) and complete resection (hazard ratio, 0.26; P = .0006) as strongly prognostic for increased survival. Conclusion: Neoadjuvant docetaxel-cisplatin is effective and tolerable in stage IIIA pN2 NSCLC. Resection is recommended only for patients with mediastinal downstaging after chemotherapy.
Synthesis and characterization of novel crosslinked polyurethane–acrylate electrolyte
Authors: Ren Tianbin , Luo Yinpei , Huang Xiaobin , Tang Xiaozhen 
Published: April 2003

AbstractFlexible, transparent, and crosslinked polymer films were synthesized by polymerization of PEG‐modified urethane acrylate using a simple method. A series of novel solid polymer electrolytes and gel electrolytes were prepared based on this type of polymer film. To understand the interactions among salt, solvent, and polymer, the swelling behaviors of the crosslinked polymer in pure propylene carbonate (PC) and liquid electrolyte solutions (LiClO4/PC) were investigated. The results showed that the swelling rate in the electrolyte solution containing moderate LiClO4 was greater than that in pure PC. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) also supported the interaction between the solvent and polymer. The morphology and crystallinity of the crosslinked polymer and polymer electrolytes were studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) spectroscopy. The effects of the content of the electrolyte solution on the ionic conductivity of gel electrolytes were explored. The dependence of the conductivity on the amount of the electrolyte solution was nonlinear. With a different content of the plasticizer, the ionic conduction pathway of the polymer electrolytes would be changed. The best ionic conductivity of the gel electrolytes, which should have good mechanical properties, was 4 × 10r−3 S cm−1 at 25°C. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 340–348, 2003
Melt rheological behavior of intimately mixed short sisal–glass hybrid fiber‐reinforced low‐density polyethylene composites. I. Untreated fibers
Authors: Kalaprasad G. , Mathew G. , Pavithran C. , Thomas Sabu 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe melt rheological behavior of intimately mixed short sisal–glass hybrid fiber‐reinforced low‐density polyethylene composites was studied with an Instron capillary rheometer. The variation of melt viscosity with shear rate and shear stress at different temperatures was studied. The effect of relative composition of component fibers on the overall rheological behavior also was examined. A temperature range of 130 to 150°C and shear rate of 16.4 to 5470 s−1 were chosen for the analysis. The melt viscosity of the hybrid composite increased with increase in the volume fraction of glass fibers and reached a maximum for the composite containing glass fiber alone. Also, experimental viscosity values of hybrid composites were in good agreement with the theoretical values calculated using the additive rule of hybrid mixtures, except at low volume fractions of glass fibers. Master curves were plotted by superpositioning shear stress and temperature results. The breakage of fibers during the extrusion process, estimated by optical microscopy, was higher for glass fiber than sisal fiber. The surface morphology of the extrudates was analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 432–442, 2003
Preparation and characterization of a novel responsive hydrogel with a β‐cyclodextrin‐based macromonomer
Authors: Liu Yu‐Yang , Fan Xiao‐Dong 
Published: April 2003

AbstractBased on a combination of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide), which could respond to an external temperature, and β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD), which could form a molecular inclusion complex, a novel hydrogel, having both thermal and pH sensitivities and containing β‐CD and N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPA) segments, was synthesized. For the incorporation of β‐CD into the polymer network, a macromonomer was prepared first by the reaction of a β‐CD‐based polymer with maleic anhydride in dimethylformamide and then by copolymerization with NIPA in an aqueous solution. Elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and swelling measurements were employed for the characterization of the hydrogel chain structure and its physical properties. With methyl orange as a model compound in inclusion tests, it was found that the hydrogel not only possessed a remarkable supramolecular inclusion ability (with respect to that of the small molecule cyclodextrin) but also could sensitively respond to various external stimuli, including the temperature, pH, and ionic strength. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 361–367, 2003
Determination of the reactivity ratios for acrylonitrile/N‐vinylpyrrolidone copolymerization systems
Authors: Hou Chen , Wang Cheng‐Guo , Cai Hua‐Su , Zhang Wang‐Xi 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe effects of the copolymerization system on the monomer reactivity ratios for a copolymer of acrylonitrile with N‐vinylpyrrolidone was studied for contrast. The values of the monomer reactivity ratios were calculated by the Kelen–Tudos method. The reactivity ratios in the aqueous suspension polymerization system were similar to those in the solution polymerization system at polymerization conversions of less than 6% [reactivity ratio of acrylonitrile (rAN) = 0.438 ± 0.015, reactivity ratio of N‐vinylpyrrolidone (rN‐VP) = 2.28 ± 0.02]. As conversion of more than 12%, the changes in the monomer reactivity ratios became less prominent (rAN = 0.651, rN‐VP = 1.98). In the water‐rich reaction medium [H2O/dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) > 60/40], the monomer reactivity ratios were approximately equivalent to those in the aqueous suspension polymerization system. In the DMSO‐rich reaction medium (DMSO/H2O > 60/40), the reactivity ratios were similar to those in the solution polymerization system. With an increase in the polarity of the solvent, the values of the reaction ratios both decreased. The values of the reaction ratios gradually tended toward 1 with increasing copolymerization temperature. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 422–425, 2003
Dynamic mechanical and thermal analyses of magnetic particle and metal evaporated tapes and their individual layers
Authors: Ma Tiejun , Bhushan Bharat 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe mechanical and thermal properties of magnetic tapes and their individual layers strongly affect the tribology of the magnetic head–tape interface. Dynamic mechanical analysis and thermomechanical analysis tests were performed on magnetic tapes, tapes with front coat or back coat removed, substrates (with front and back coats removed), and never‐coated virgin films of the substrates. Storage modulus and loss tangent were obtained at a frequency range from 0.016 to 28 Hz, and at a temperature range from −50 to 150 or 210°C. Coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) of various samples were measured at a temperature range from 30 to 70°C. The tapes used in this research include two magnetic particle (MP) tapes and two metal evaporated (ME) tapes based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(ethylene naphthalate) substrates. The master curves of storage modulus for these samples were generated for a frequency range from 10−20 to 1015 Hz. The effect of the tape manufacturing process on the dynamic mechanical properties of substrates was analyzed by comparing the data for the substrates (with front and back coats removed) and the never‐coated virgin films. A model based on the rule of mixtures was developed to determine the storage modulus, complex modulus, and CTE for the front coat and back coat of MP and ME tapes. To validate the procedure, data for these individual layers were then used to calculate the corresponding properties of the finished tape. The predicted results were compared with the experimental measurements. The data obtained in the study are also discussed in light of previously published lateral contraction, Poisson's ratio, CTE, and CHE (coefficient of hygroscopic expansion) data. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 548–567, 2003
Kinetic of epoxy resin formation by high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Dopico García M. S. , González Rodríguez M. V. , Díez Redondo F. J. , López Lago J. , Barral Losada L. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThis article is focused on the following of the cure of an epoxy resin by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the comparison of the data obtained with those obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) techniques usually employed for characterize curing processes. A reversed‐phase HPLC method with UV detection is developed to study the kinetic of the curing reaction of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) with 1,3‐cyclohexanebismethylamine (1,3‐BAC) at 60, 70, and 80°C, before and after gelation. The limits of quantification obtained permit the application of the proposed method until the last steps of the formation kinetic. HPLC and DSC analysis show a good correlation. The gel conversions obtained by HPLC and DMA agree well. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 497–504, 2003
The first thalamocortical synapses are made in the cortical plate in the developing visual cortex of the wallaby (Macropus eugenii)
Authors: Pearce Amy R. , Marotte Lauren R. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe time course of development and laminar distribution of thalamocortical synapses in the visual cortex of the marsupial mammal the wallaby (Macropus eugenii) has been studied by electron microscopy from the time of afferent ingrowth to the appearance of layer 4, the main target for thalamic axons. Axons were labeled from the thalamus by a fluorescent carbocyanine dye in fixed tissue or by transneuronal transport of horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat germ agglutinin from the eye. Thalamic axons first reached the cortex 2 weeks after birth and grew into the developing cortical plate without a waiting period in the subplate. The first thalamocortical synapses were detected 2 weeks later solely throughout the loosely packed zone of the cortical plate, where layer 6 cells previously have been shown to reside. As the thickness of the cortex increased with age, thalamocortical synapses were increasingly prevalent in the loosely packed zone of the cortical plate. With the appearance of layer 4, thalamocortical synapses were found there as well as in the marginal zone and layer 6. There was no evidence for an early population of thalamocortical synapses in the subplate. The first synapses made by thalamic axons were in a region containing layer 6 cells, one of their normal targets in the mature cortex. J. Comp. Neurol. 461:205–216, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Relay of visual information to the lateral geniculate nucleus and the visual cortex in albino ferrets
Authors: Akerman Colin J. , Tolhurst David J. , Morgan James E. , Baker Gary E. , Thompson Ian D. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe abnormal organization of the central visual pathways in the albino ferret has been characterized anatomically and physiologically. Recordings in dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the albino ferret show that lamina A1, which receives an aberrant projection from the contralateral eye, contains an extensive representation of the ipsilateral visual hemifield with receptive fields located up to 35 degrees from the vertical meridian. This is not the case in pigmented ferrets, for which the vast majority of units, activated through either the contralateral or ipsilateral eye, have receptive fields confined to the contralateral hemifield. The few fields found in the ipsilateral hemifield are driven through the contralateral eye and none is more than 10 degrees from the midline. Cortical topography was studied by making closely spaced electrode penetrations across the area 17/18 border. In pigmented animals, the reversal of topography at the border is characterized by units with receptive fields centered a few degrees into the ipsilateral hemifield. In 22 of 25 albinos, the “Boston” aberrant topography was found: the representation of the vertical meridian is within area 17, rather than at the area 17/18 border. Instead, at the area 17/18 border, there is a reversal in the topographic progression at up to 30 degrees into the ipsilateral hemifield. This pattern was most pronounced in the upper visual field. In agreement with the “Boston” physiology, injections of retrograde tracer made in area 17 usually label neurons in either lamina A or the part of lamina A1 that is aberrantly innervated by the contralateral eye. A column of labeled cells extending through all geniculate layers is rarely seen in albinos, although this is commonly the pattern in pigmented ferrets. J. Comp. Neurol. 461:217–235, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sol–gel‐derived amperometric glucose biosensor based on covalent attachment of toluidine blue O to carrier
Authors: Qian Junmin , Li Xuxiang , Huang Haiyan 
Published: April 2003

AbstractAn amperometric‐mediated glucose biosensor has been fabricated by immobilizing glucose oxidase (GOx) and mediator toluidine blue O (TBO) to a functional sol–gel thin layer on the surface of a platinum electrode via the cross‐linking agent glutaraldehyde. The functional sol–gel thin layer was synthesized through the hydrolysis and polycondensation of γ‐aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane (APMDMOS) and tetramethoxysilicane (TMOS). GOx and TBO were covalently attached to carrier sol–gel material based on the interaction between the aldehyde group of glutaraldehyde and the amino group of GOx, TBO and carrier. Covalent immobilization eliminates leakage of the sensing reagent and mediator from the carrier. Cyclic voltammetry was employed to demonstrate the feasibility of electron transfer between the active site of sol–gel‐immobilized GOx and the surface of a platinum electrode. The calibration curve of glucose was linear in the range from 1 to 8 mmol/l, with a detection limit of 5 × 10−2 mmol/l. The lifetime of the biosensor was 30 days. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.