bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lactic Dehydrogenase Enzyme and Acid-Base Status in Severe Preeclampsia: A Case-Control Study Investigating the Impact of Obesity
Authors: Rodríguez Juan Gustavo Vázquez , Martínez Karen Anahí Rodríguez 
Published: December 2023

Aims: Compare and correlate blood concentration of the LDH enzyme and arterial blood gas parameters of pregnant patients with severe preeclampsia (SP) with and without obesity.
Study Design: Case-control study.
Place and Duration of Study: Intensive Care Unit of High Specialty Medical Unit, Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital No. 3. National Medical Center “La Raza”, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, in the year 2022.
Methodology: Case-control study carried out in 73 pregnant patients with SP. Case group: 34 patients with pregestational Body Mass Index (BMI) with obesity (BMI >30) who remained obese during pregnancy. Control group: 39 women matched by gestational age with normal pregestational BMI (BMI <25) who remained with BMI normal during pregnancy. Blood concentration of total LDH enzyme and arterial blood gas parameters upon admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) were compared. The LDH correlations vs arterial blood gas parameters were calculated. Statistical analysis: descriptive statistics, paired Student's t test and Pearson correlation coefficient (r) were used with the SPSS™ version 24 program. The P value <0.05 was significant.
Results: No differences were found in the blood concentration of total LDH enzyme (case group 669.54±71.79 vs control group 474.75±30.33 U/L, P= .21). The arterial blood gas parameters showed data of compensated metabolic acidosis in both groups, but without significant differences (pH P= .42, lactate P= .060, bicarbonate P= .89, std bicarbonate P= .74, ecf base deficit P= .93, base deficit P= .73). The correlations between blood concentration of total LDH enzyme and arterial blood gas parameters were not significant.
Conclusion: Blood concentration of total LDH enzyme was similar. Both groups showed compensated metabolic acidosis without differences of gasometric parameters. No significant correlations were found.
A cross‐sectional study of MRI features and the gut microbiome in pediatric‐onset multiple sclerosis
Authors: Zhu Feng , Zhao Yinshan , Arnold Douglas L. , Bar‐Or Amit , Bernstein Charles N. , Bonner Christine , Graham Morag , Hart Janace , Knox Natalie , Marrie Ruth Ann , Mirza Ali I. , O'Mahony Julia , Van Domselaar Gary , Yeh E. Ann , Banwell Brenda , Waubant Emmanuelle , Tremlett Helen ,   US Network of Pediatric MS Centers, the Canadian Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Network
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo identify gut microbiome features associated with MRI lesion burden in persons with pediatric‐onset multiple sclerosis (symptom onset <18 years).MethodsA cross‐sectional study involving the Canadian Paediatric Demyelinating Disease Network study participants. Gut microbiome features (alpha diversity, phylum‐ and genus‐level taxa) were derived using 16S rRNA sequencing from stool samples. T1‐ and T2‐weighted lesion volumes were measured on brain MRI obtained within 6 months of stool sample procurement. Associations between the gut microbiota and MRI metrics (cube‐root‐transformed) were assessed using standard and Lasso regression models.ResultsThirty‐four participants were included; mean ages at symptom onset and MRI were 15.1 and 19.0 years, respectively, and 79% were female. The T1‐ and T2‐weighted lesion volumes were not significantly associated with alpha diversity (age and sex‐adjusted p > 0.08). At the phylum level, high Tenericutes (relative abundance) was associated with higher T1 and T2 volumes (β coefficient = 0.25, 0.37) and high Firmicutes, Patescibacteria or Actinobacteria with lower lesion volumes (β coefficient = −0.30 to −0.07). At the genus level, high Ruminiclostridium, whereas low Coprococcus 3 and low Erysipelatoclostridium were associated with higher lesion volumes.InterpretationOur study characterized the gut microbiota features associated with MRI lesion burden in pediatric‐onset MS, shedding light onto possible pathophysiological mechanisms.
Antitumor Activity and Mechanism of Terpenoids in Seaweeds Based on Literature Review and Network Pharmacology
Authors: Chen Baoguo , Li Yaxin , Li Wei , Ye Shuhong , Zhu Lin , Ding Yan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSeaweeds are a treasure trove of natural secondary metabolites. Terpenoids extracted from seaweeds are shown to possess a variety of antitumor cellular activities. However, due to the complex and diverse structures of terpenoids, their therapeutic targets and complex mechanisms of action have not been clarified. The present study summarises the research on terpenoids from seaweeds in oncological diseases over the last 20 years. Terpenoids show different degrees of inhibitory effects on different types of tumor cells, suggesting that terpenoids in seaweeds may have potential antitumor disease potential. Terpenoids with potential antitumor activity and their mechanism of action are investigated using network pharmacology. A total of 125 terpenoids and 286 targets are obtained. Proto‐oncogene tyrosine‐protein kinase Src(SRC), Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), Mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK3, MAPK1), Heat shock protein HSP 90‐alpha (HSP90AA1), Phosphatidylinositol‐4,5‐bisphosphate 3‐kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), and RAC‐alpha serine/threonine‐protein kinase (AKT1) are defined as core targets. According to GO function and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG) enrichment analysis, terpenoids may affect the Phoshatidylinositol 3'‐kinase (PI3K)‐Akt signaling pathway, Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, Prostate cancer, MAPK signaling pathway, and Proteoglycans in cancer. In addition, the molecular docking results show that the selected terpenoids are all able to bind strongly to the active protein. Terpenoids may slow down the progression of cancer by controlling apoptosis, proliferation, and protein and enzyme binding.
Ultrafast Droplets Trajectories Modulation of Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing for Pattern Refinement Using Electrostatic Deflection
Authors: Li Xiaojian , Zhu Long , Zhang Fan , Zhang Yu , Wang Huaan , Sun Lujing , Yin Penghe , Chen Li , Wang Dazhi , Liang Junsheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElectrohydrodynamic jet (E‐Jet) printing is a highly promising non‐contact additive manufacturing technology. However, the fast jets generated by E‐Jet may cause droplet accumulation on small curvature features due to the slow motion control achieved by the mechanical stage, leading to a degradation of printed patterns in localized areas. Here, a method is proposed for ultrafast modulation of jet trajectories to achieve finely patterned E‐Jet printing by introducing jet‐deflecting electrodes around the jet, which can continuously transform the jet trajectory with lateral acceleration up to 104 ms−2. This extraordinary acceleration is two orders of magnitude higher than that can be achieved by using mechanical stage motion. Through a combination of numerical calculations and experiments, the effects of electric field parameters on the feature size and kinematic properties of jet droplets are investigated. In addition, deposition errors of <5 µm are fabricated by selecting appropriate working parameters and using UV‐curable adhesives as printing ink. Subsequently, complex micropatterns with feature curvatures <4 µm are successfully printed, demonstrating the consistency and reliability of this electrostatic deflection technique in achieving a uniform droplet deposition pitch. This innovative approach holds significant promise in the field of high‐quality microscale additive manufacturing.
A Complicated Route from Disorder to Order in Antimony–Tellurium Binary Phase Change Materials
Authors: Zheng Yonghui , Song Wenxiong , Song Zhitang , Zhang Yuanyuan , Xin Tianjiao , Liu Cheng , Xue Yuan , Song Sannian , Liu Bo , Lin Xiaoling , Kuznetsov Vladimir G. , Tupitsyn Ilya I. , Kolobov Alexander V. , Cheng Yan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe disorder‐to‐order (crystallization) process in phase‐change materials determines the speed and storage polymorphism of phase‐change memory devices. Only by clarifying the fine‐structure variation can the devices be insightfully designed, and encode and store information. As essential phase‐change parent materials, the crystallized Sb–Te binary system is generally considered to have the cationic/anionic site occupied by Sb/Te atoms. Here, direct atomic identification and simulation demonstrate that the ultrafast crystallization speed of Sb–Te materials is due to the random nature of lattice site occupation by different classes of atoms with the resulting octahedral motifs having high similarity to the amorphous state. It is further proved that after atomic ordering with disordered chemical occupation, chemical ordering takes place, which results in different storage states with different resistance values. These new insights into the complicated route from disorder to order will play an essential role in designing neuromorphic devices with varying polymorphisms.
Fiber‐Based Flexible Ionic Diode with High Robustness and Rectifying Performance: Toward Electronic Textile Circuits
Authors: Woo Seohyun , Kim Hwajoong , Kim Jinho , Ryu Hyeji , Lee Jaehong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn response to the growing demand for wearable devices designed for seamless integration with 3D bio‐surfaces, fiber‐based devices have gained prominence in textile‐based wearable electronics due to their flexibility and unique structure. In particular, though diodes with rectifying properties are crucial for a range of electronic systems, there has been scant reporting on diodes with a fiber structure. This study introduces a fiber‐based flexible ionic diode that exhibits a rectification ratio of 2773 and an output current of 28.2 mA at 3 V. The diode is composed of a double helical Zn‐based fiber anode, a Ti‐based fiber cathode on Au nanoparticle‐based flexible fiber electrodes, and a LiCl hydrogel electrolyte. By modulating the double helical design and the ionic conductivity of the hydrogel, the electrical performance of the diode to achieve varying rectification ratios and output currents can be tailored. Owing to the remarkable flexibility and stability of the fiber electrodes, the fiber‐based ionic diode consistently upholds its rectifying capabilities, even under washing procedures and significant bending deformation. Furthermore, this diode seamlessly integrates into various electronic circuits, including half‐wave rectifiers, capacitor–diode filters, and logic gate systems.
Long‐read genome sequencing reveals a novel intronic retroelement insertion in NR5A1 associated with 46,XY differences of sexual development
Authors: Del Gobbo Giulia F. , Wang Xueqi , Couse Madeline , Mackay Layla , Goldsmith Claire , Marshall Aren E. , Liang Yijing , Lambert Christine , Zhang Siyuan , Dhillon Harsharan , Fanslow Cairbre , Rowell William J. ,   Care4Rare Canada Consortium, Marshall Christian R. , Kernohan Kristin D. , Boycott Kym M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite significant advancements in rare genetic disease diagnostics, many patients with rare genetic disease remain without a molecular diagnosis. Novel tools and methods are needed to improve the detection of disease‐associated variants and understand the genetic basis of many rare diseases. Long‐read genome sequencing provides improved sequencing in highly repetitive, homologous, and low‐complexity regions, and improved assessment of structural variation and complex genomic rearrangements compared to short‐read genome sequencing. As such, it is a promising method to explore overlooked genetic variants in rare diseases with a high suspicion of a genetic basis. We therefore applied PacBio HiFi sequencing in a large multi‐generational family presenting with autosomal dominant 46,XY differences of sexual development (DSD), for whom extensive molecular testing over multiple decades had failed to identify a molecular diagnosis. This revealed a rare SINE‐VNTR‐Alu retroelement insertion in intron 4 of NR5A1, a gene in which loss‐of‐function variants are an established cause of 46,XY DSD. The insertion segregated among affected family members and was associated with loss‐of‐expression of alleles in cis, demonstrating a functional impact on NR5A1. This case highlights the power of long‐read genome sequencing to detect genomic variants that have previously been intractable to detection by standard short‐read genomic testing.
Rare Earth Evoked Subsurface Oxygen Species in Platinum Alloy Catalysts Enable Durable Fuel Cells
Authors: Yang Liting , Bai Jingsen , Zhang Nanshu , Jiang Zheng , Wang Ying , Xiao Meiling , Liu Changpeng , Zhu Siyuan , Xu Zhichuan J. , Ge Junjie , Xing Wei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlleviating the degradation issue of Pt based alloy catalysts, thereby simultaneously achieving high mass activity and high durability in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), is highly challenging. Herein, we provide a new paradigm to address this issue via delaying the place exchange between adsorbed oxygen species and surface Pt atoms, thereby inhibiting Pt dissolution, through introducing rare earth bonded subsurface oxygen atoms. We have succeeded in introducing Gd−O dipoles into Pt3Ni via a high temperature entropy‐driven process, with direct spectral evidence attained from both soft and hard X‐ray absorption spectroscopies. The higher rated power of 0.93 W cm−2 and superior current density of 562.2 mA cm−2 at 0.8 V than DOE target for heavy‐duty vehicles in H2‐air mode suggest the great potential of Gd−O−Pt3Ni towards practical application in heavy‐duty transportation. Moreover, the mass activity retention (1.04 A mgPt−1) after 40 k cycles accelerated durability tests is even 2.4 times of the initial mass activity goal for DOE 2025 (0.44 A mgPt−1), due to the weakened Pt−Oads bond interaction and the delayed place exchange process, via repulsive forces between surface O atoms and those in the sublayer. This work addresses the critical roadblocks to the widespread adoption of PEMFCs.
Trapping of a Polyketide Synthase Module after C−C Bond Formation Reveals Transient Acyl Carrier Domain Interactions
Authors: Dell Maria , Tran Mai Anh , Capper Michael J. , Sundaram Srividhya , Fiedler Jonas , Koehnke Jesko , Hellmich Ute A. , Hertweck Christian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractModular polyketide synthases (PKSs) are giant assembly lines that produce an impressive range of biologically active compounds. However, our understanding of the structural dynamics of these megasynthases, specifically the delivery of acyl carrier protein (ACP)‐bound building blocks to the catalytic site of the ketosynthase (KS) domain, remains severely limited. Using a multipronged structural approach, we report details of the inter‐domain interactions after C−C bond formation in a chain‐branching module of the rhizoxin PKS. Mechanism‐based crosslinking of an engineered module was achieved using a synthetic substrate surrogate that serves as a Michael acceptor. The crosslinked protein allowed us to identify an asymmetric state of the dimeric protein complex upon C−C bond formation by cryo‐electron microscopy (cryo‐EM). The possible existence of two ACP binding sites, one of them a potential “parking position” for substrate loading, was also indicated by AlphaFold2 predictions. NMR spectroscopy showed that a transient complex is formed in solution, independent of the linker domains, and photochemical crosslinking/mass spectrometry of the standalone domains allowed us to pinpoint the interdomain interaction sites. The structural insights into a branching PKS module arrested after C−C bond formation allows a better understanding of domain dynamics and provides valuable information for the rational design of modular assembly lines.
Catalyst‐Free Trifluoromethoxylation of Silyl Enol Ethers and Allyl Silanes with Bis(trifluoromethyl)peroxide
Authors: Maas Lilian M. , Fasting Carlo , Voßnacker Patrick , Limberg Niklas , Golz Paul , Müller Carsten , Riedel Sebastian , Hopkinson Matthew N. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRadical trifluoromethoxylation is an attractive approach to prepare compounds featuring the important OCF3 group, however most existing methods have focused on aromatic substrates. Here, we report novel methodologies with alkenyl substrates employing bis(trifluoromethyl)peroxide (BTMP) as a practical and comparatively atom economical trifluoromethoxylating reagent. With silyl enol ether substrates, switching reaction solvent allows for the synthesis of either α‐(trifluoromethoxy)ketone products or unprecedented alkenyl‐OCF3 species. Furthermore, allyl silanes have been employed as substrates for the first time, affording allyl(trifluoromethyl)ether products in good yields. In each case, the methods operate at room temperature without large excesses of the alkene substrate while, in contrast to previous radical trifluoromethoxylation reactions, no catalyst, light or other activators are required.
Friction welding joint analysis of dissimilar nanocomposites: PEEK/aluminum to PEEK/titanium
Authors: Senkathir S. , Pramanik Sumit , Mukherjee Manidipto 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWelding of dissimilar materials is extremely challenging to the researchers. In present work, for the first time, poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) based aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti) reinforced nanocomposites with varying reinforcements of 10, 20, 30, and 40 vol% were developed using powder metallurgy technology. Additionally, for the first time, the two dissimilar nanocomposites of PEEK/Al and PEEK/Ti were successfully welded by friction welding (FW) process to produce FW PEEK/Al‐PEEK/Ti nanocomposites with equal metallic reinforcements (viz., 10–40 vol% Ti or Al). The nanocomposites were characterized precisely and correlated by physical, microstructural, structural, thermal, and micromechanical tests. Crystallinity being a factor of melting temperature affects significantly the micromechanical characteristics influenced by reinforced particle‐concentrations. The FW PEEK/30Al‐PEEK/30Ti was found as best material since it showed highest nanohardness (0.652 GPa) and elastic modulus (15.902 GPa) in FW Joint at 40 mN compared to other FW nanocomposites. At the FW joint section, it was discovered that the reinforced particles were being transferred through an interdiffusion mechanism. Mobility of the nanoparticles was influenced by the concentration of the reinforced particles, which further modified the matrix's crystallization behavior and consequently influenced the FW nanocomposites' micromechanical properties. Therefore, the present work has suggested a feasible route for applying thermoplastic nanocomposites in the biomedical and aerospace industries.
Knowledge and (un)certainty in climate change education in India
Authors: Puttick Steve , Chandrachud Paloma , Chopra Rahul , Khosla Radhika , Robson James , Singh Sanjana , Talks Isobel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper explores teachers' conceptions of climate change knowledge, contributing to the growing body of work on the geographies of climate change. The paper focuses on the data generated through in‐depth semi‐structured interviews with a sample of 48 teachers in India to address the research question: What discourses about climate change knowledge are being constructed by teachers in India? We argue that teachers' lesson planning and searches for information are at the forefront of the changing ways in which individuals engage with, find out and construct meaning about climate change. These teachers' beliefs about climate change are very strongly held, even in the face of a perceived lack of expertise or understanding: climate change is described as the ‘need of the hour’, which this work understands as not only involving material impacts and processes but also important epistemological, collaborative needs through which education might contribute to public reasoning about climate change. Through this analysis we present a ‘certainty problematic’ as a heuristic device that foregrounds tensions between the inherent uncertainty of knowledge and (against climate denialism) certainty about anthropogenic climate change.
ALKBH5 gene polymorphisms and risk of neuroblastoma in Chinese children from Jiangsu Province
Authors: Guan Qian , Zhang Xinxin , Liu Jiabin , Zhou Chunlei , Zhu Jinhong , Wu Haiyan , Zhuo Zhenjian , He Jing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundNeuroblastoma is one of the most common extracranial malignant solid tumors in children. AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5) is an RNA N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) demethylase that plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and development. We assessed the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ALKBH5 and the risk of neuroblastoma in a case‐control study including 402 patients and 473 non‐cancer controls.MethodsGenotyping was determined by the TaqMan method. The association between ALKBH5 polymorphisms (rs1378602 and rs8400) and the risk of neuroblastoma was evaluated using the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsWe found no strong association of ALKBH5 rs1378602 and rs8400 with neuroblastoma risk. Further stratification analysis by age, sex, primary site, and clinical stage showed that the rs1378602 AG/AA genotype was associated with a lower risk of neuroblastoma in males (adjusted OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.35–0.97, p = 0.036) and children with retroperitoneal neuroblastoma (adjusted OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.34–0.98, p = 0.040).ConclusionsALKBH5 SNPs do not seem to be associated with neuroblastoma risk. More studies are required to confirm this negative result and reveal the relationship between gene polymorphisms of the m6A modifier ALKBH5 and neuroblastoma.
Fertility concerns and treatment decision‐making among national sample of young women with breast cancer
Authors: de Kermadec Elisabeth , Zheng Yue , Rosenberg Shoshana , Ruddy Kathryn J. , Ligibel Jennifer A. , Emmons Karen M. , Partridge Ann H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiagnosis of breast cancer in young women has been shown to affect their decision‐making with regard to fertility and family planning. Limited data are available from populations across the U.S. regarding this issue; thus, we sought to describe fertility concerns and efforts to preserve fertility in a national clinical trial population of young breast cancer patients.MethodsThe young and strong study was a cluster‐randomized controlled trial testing an intervention program for young women with breast cancer. Patients were surveyed within 3 months after diagnosis and at 3, 6, and 12 months after. Surveys asked about sociodemographics, psychosocial domains, fertility concerns, and fertility preservation strategies. Univariable and multivariable models were used to investigate sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial predictors of fertility concerns.ResultsOf 467 women from 54 clinical sites across the U.S. (14 academic, 40 community), 419 were evaluable regarding fertility concerns. Median age was 40 years (range 22–45), 11% were Black, 6% Hispanic, and 75% had children. Tumor stage was I (35%), II (51%), or III (14%); 82% received chemotherapy. At time of the treatment decision, 133 (32%) participants had fertility concerns, among whom 47% indicated this affected their treatment decisions. Sixty percent of participants reported having discussed fertility with their physician. Twenty percent of those with fertility concerns used fertility preservation strategies. History of difficulty becoming pregnant and younger age were associated with higher odds of fertility concerns in multivariable modeling.ConclusionMany young women with newly diagnosed breast cancer are concerned about fertility in a way that impacts their treatment decisions. Concerns were discussed, but few used fertility preservation strategies. These findings have implications for counseling young patients.