bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tunable Catalytic Vertex Wall Chemistry in Metal‐free Covalent Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Li Changqing , Wang Zhaoying , Jin Yucheng , Li Zhongping , Jeon Jong‐Pil , Zhao Songlin , Shao Yanhua , Tang Feng , Kim Won‐Yeong , Guan Runnan , Seo Jeong‐Min , Lee Zonghoon , Lee Sang‐Young , Baek Jong‐Beom 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMetal‐free covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as promising catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) because of their unique structural properties and notable stability. To enhance both catalytic activity and selectivity, a variety of linkers and linkages have been investigated in efforts to precisely engineer COFs. However, the impact of vertex structures within COFs on ORR catalysis remains largely underexplored. Here, to modulate COF catalytic performance, we introduce tunable catalytic vertex wall chemistry by introducing diverse triazine and thiophene units. The catalytic vertex wall approach allows the fine‐tuning of electronic surface states, leading to improved intermediate adsorption characteristics and accelerated ORR activity. Remarkably, the engineered COF achieved a half‐wave potential of 0.76 V, surpassing COFs modified by linker or linkage strategies. Theoretical calculations suggest that this enhanced activity arises from the strong binding affinity of OOH* intermediates to carbon atoms adjacent to the thiophene vertex, facilitating OOH* reduction to a O2 molecule, which is the rate‐limiting step of the ORR. These findings reveal the pivotal role of vertex wall engineering in conjugated COF frameworks, and offer critical insights to advance COFs design toward superior ORR performance.
Disturbance‐Triggered Instant Crystallization Activating Bioinspired Emissive Gels
Authors: Qi Min , Huang Jianxiang , Wei Junjie , Zhou Jiayin , Liu Depeng , Li Longqiang , Luo Wuzhen , Yin Guangqiang , Chen Tao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMany marine organisms feature sensitive sensory‐perceptual systems to sense the surrounding environment and respond to disturbance with intense bioluminescence. However, it remains a great challenge to develop artificial materials that can sense external disturbance and simultaneously activate intense luminescence, although such materials are attractive for visual sensing and intelligent displays. Herein, we present a new class of bioinspired smart gels constructed by integrating hydrophilic polymeric networks, metastable supersaturated salt and fluorophores containing heterogenic atoms. Upon external disturbance, the composite gels undergo an instant and reversible soft‐rigid state transition, simultaneously turning on intense fluorescence and activating ultralong afterglow emission with a maximum lifetime of 877.15 ms. The experimental results and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the disturbance‐induced luminescence mainly results from the geometrical confinement of aggregated fluorophores and enhanced molecular interactions to immensely suppress the non‐radiative dissipation. Given their versatile and sensitive disturbance‐responsiveness, dynamic interactive painting and 3D smart optical displays are demonstrated. This study paves a new avenue to achieve disturbance‐sensing soft materials and promotes the development of smart visual sensors and interactive optical displays.
Selenium‐Substitution Strategy for Enhanced Mobility, Tunable Bandgap, and Improved Electrochemical Energy Storage in Semiconducting Conjugated Coordination Polymers
Authors: Wu Sha , Huang Xing , Fu Shuai , Li Ze , Yin Siping , Liao Wenkai , Wang Mingchao , Lu Yang , Bonn Mischa , Sun Yimeng , Feng Xinliang , Xu Wei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractConjugated coordination polymers (c‐CPs), a novel class of organic–inorganic hybrid materials, are distinguished by their unique structural characteristics and exceptional charge transport properties. The electronic properties of these materials are critically determined by the constituting coordination atoms, with electron‐rich selenol ligands emerging as promising candidates for constructing high‐mobility semiconducting c‐CPs. Despite their potential, c‐CPs incorporating selenium‐substituted ligands remain scarce due to the synthetic challenges associated with both the ligands and the coordination polymers. In this study, we successfully synthesized a new tetraselenol‐hydroxyquinone (TSHQ) ligand using a “4+2” design strategy and developed a semiconducting three‐dimensional Ag−Se coordination polymer, Ag4TSHQ. Ag4TSHQ exhibits room‐temperature electrical conductivity of up to 1.6 S/m and shares the same structural topology as Ag4TTHQ (TTHQ=tetrathiol‐hydroxyquinone), enabling precise band gap modulation from 0.6 eV to 1.5 eV via a mixed‐ligand approach. Time‐resolved terahertz spectroscopy reveals that the charge mobility of Ag4TSHQ in the dc limit is ~350 cm2/V ⋅ s, which is twice that of its sulfur counterpart, Ag4TTHQ. Furthermore, our evaluations of their electrochemical energy storage capabilities demonstrate that Ag4TSHQ effectively utilizes its redox potential, achieving a remarkable specific capacitance of up to 340 F/g‐significantly outperforming Ag4TTHQ, which has a capacitance of 294 F/g. These findings underscore the potential of selenium‐ligand‐based c‐CPs for optoelectronic applications and energy storage technologies.
Promising Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Materials: Hybrid Fillers Reinforced Bio‐Based Composites
Authors: Ucpinar Bedriye , Aytac Ayse 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTElectromagnetic pollution, also known as electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues, is a growing concern as electronic and telecommunication technologies advance. The resulting urgent demand for EMI shielding materials underscores the need for the development of high‐performance, environmentally friendly shielding materials. Here, we assess the impact of multiscale carbon‐based hybrid filler on the EMI shielding performance of polyamide 11/poly(lactic acid) composites. The effects of the amounts (0.5 to 5 wt%) of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanofillers in carbon fiber (CF)/GNP and CF/MWCNT‐reinforced hybrid composites were comparatively investigated. The composites were fabricated through melt blending/compression molding and subsequently characterized in terms of morphological, fiber length, electrical properties, and EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE). Morphological imaging revealed a good adhesion between the fillers and the matrix, indicating a favorable interaction. The fiber length analysis demonstrated that fiber lengths were longer in CF/GNP hybrid composites than in CF/MWCNT. The EMI SE measurements showed the synergistic effects of the fillers in the X and Ku bands. The highest EMI SE values at 10 GHz and 16 GHz for the 20CF‐5GNP composite were 34 and 40 dB, respectively.
Heteroarene‐Fused Benzo[b]arsoles: Structure, Photophysical Properties, and Effects of the Bridging Element
Authors: Sumida Akifumi , Naka Kensuke , Imoto Hiroaki 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHeteroarene‐fused heteroles have attracted considerable attention owing to their unique electronic and photophysical properties. The bridging element plays a crucial role in determining the electronic characteristics of the resulting π‐conjugated molecules. In this study, we synthesized a series of heteroarene‐fused benzo[b]arsoles and investigated their structures and photophysical properties. All the synthesized arsoles exhibited phosphorescence at 77 K, whereas arsole oxide did not. The phosphorescence intensities of the pnictogen‐containing heteroles (phosphorus and arsenic) were significantly higher than those of the tetrel‐containing heteroles (silicon and germanium). This trend was analyzed through theoretical calculations, focusing on the energy levels of the excited singlet and triplet states as well as the spin‐orbit coupling matrix elements. Furthermore, the indole‐fused benzoarsole oxide exhibited a mechanically induced emission color change. The removal of crystalline water triggered a change in the molecular packing that reduced the excimer emission.
Further Translational Evaluations of Efficacy and Preference for Isolated and Synthesized Contingency Procedures
Authors: Auten Emma M. , Irwin Helvey Casey , Van Camp Carole 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe current study was a replication and extension of previous research using a translational evaluation of the traditional isolated FA and SCA. Four participants experienced differential reinforcement for alternative behavior (DRA) based on FA and SCA results, and a concurrent‐chains arrangement was used to evaluate preference for the DRA conditions. Results showed that the isolated FA only identified the trained function. Across participants, DRA resulted in similar decreases in the surrogate destructive behavior across synthesized and isolated conditions and increases in the alternative response. Preferences for synthesized and isolated conditions differed across participants.
Novel Perylene Diimide–Benzothaizole Hybrid: A Reaction‐Based Probe for the Detection and Discrimination of H2S, Cys and DTT
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Singh Prabhpreet 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe reaction‐based probe perylene diimide–hydroxyphenyl benzothiazole (PR) can be used for the detection and discrimination of H2S, DTT and Cys in 20% HEPES buffer–DMSO and DMSO. The H2S induced radical anion formation of PR in 20% HEPES buffer and thiolysis of the ether bond of PR in DMSO. However, the addition of DTT showed only a decrease in the absorbance intensity and Cys showed insignificant behaviour towards PR in DMSO. The optical, AFM and DLS studies along with isolation of the reaction product in the model reaction support the interaction of the PR with bio thiols.
Evaluation of growth and yield of new papaya (Carica papaya L.) hybrid lines and their performance against Moroccan watermelon mosaic virus‐causing disease
Authors: Kosgei Janet Chepng’etich , Asudi George O. , Ombwara Francis Kweya , Kariuki Lilian W. , Rimberia Fredah K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe production of Carica papaya L. in Kenya is seriously affected by the Moroccan watermelon mosaic virus and lack of improved varieties leading to the importation of expensive seeds for the resource‐scarce farmers. To curb these challenges, new papaya hybrid lines were recently selected and bred, but their growth traits and performance against papaya diseases were not evaluated. Therefore, we assessed the growth, development, and production characteristics of these new hybrid lines 1–8, with Sunrise Solo as control using the International Board of Plant Genetic Resources papaya descriptor in the field at the Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Juja. The hybrid trees matured 6–15 days before Sunrise Solo and fruited at heights of 23–37 cm lower than controls at the end of the harvesting stage, showing they could be harvested longer than the controls. Hybrid line 4 had larger fruits preferred for local markets and industrial use, while hybrid lines 1, 2, 5, 7, and 8 and Sunrise Solo had smaller and medium‐sized fruits suitable for exports. However, only hybrid lines 6 and 7 showed more tolerance to MWMV disease and powdery mildew. Therefore, normal agronomic practices are important for seed multiplication purposes to improve papaya production in Kenya.
Enhanced Electrocatalytic Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid via N‐Hydroxyphthalimide‐Integrated Porphyrin(Co) Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Yin Ying , Fang Lei , Wu Guocai , Xu Hui , Li Liangchun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe depletion of fossil fuel reserves, coupled with the mounting environmental concerns, highlights the urgent need to develop sustainable methods for chemical synthesis from renewable resources. One promising avenue is the electrocatalytic oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), utilizing non‐precious metal catalysts. Herein, we designed and synthesized covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as electrocatalysts, engineered through the integration of N‐hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) linkers with porphyrin building blocks. Electrochemical studies revealed that the Co‐Por‐COF‐NHPI with metallic porphyrin(Co) surpassed the nonmetallic Por‐COF‐NHPI in conversion, selectivity, and recyclable stability by virtue of the lower onset potentials, higher current densities, and diminished charge transfer resistance. The Co‐Por‐COF‐NHPI achieved remarkable HMF conversion of 95.5% and selectivity to FDCA of 95.6%, attributable to the synergistic effect of porphyrin(Co) and oxidative organocatalytic NHPI sites. Continuous cycling tests further verified its outstanding stability and durability, underscoring the potential of Co‐Por‐COF‐NHPI as an efficient and sustainable catalyst for biomass conversion.
One‐Step Chronoamperometric Synthesized Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene Oxide as a Novel Anode for Sodium‐Ion Battery with an Enhanced Electrochemical Performance
Authors: Almarzoge MohammedMustafa , Gencten Metin , Ozsin Gamzenur 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (NIBs) have gained significant attention in recent years due to the global abundance and cost‐effectiveness of sodium, making them a promising alternative to lithium‐based batteries. In this study, nitrogen‐doped graphene oxide powders (NGO) have been prepared in one step by using chronoamperometric method and then have been used as anode materials for NIBs. The NGO powder surface is covalently doped by C−N formation. The synthesized powder had few layers (~3 layers) with nanocrystalline domain size (Lα) ~46 nm, and the number of sp2 carbon rings was calculated to be ~18. The initial discharge capacity recorded 199.8 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C rate. Besides, the capacity retention for long‐term cycling of 100 cycles at 2 C rate was 91.78 %. The deduced diffusion coefficient from galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements for NGO as anode in NIBs is in the range of 10−11–10−12 cm2 s−1. The electrochemical performance was attributed to the enhanced d‐spacing of NGO up to 6.8 °A and formation large number of defects.
Catalytic Serine Labeling in Nonaqueous, Acidic Media
Authors: Ishizawa Seiya , Uzoewulu Chiamaka P. , Iwakura Yume , Koirala Anuja , Sato Shinichi , Ohata Jun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractChemoselective modification of alkyl alcohols (e. g., serine residues) on proteins has been a daunting challenge especially in aqueous media. Herein, we report chemical modification of alkyl alcohols in protein and cell lysate samples using carboxylic acid‐based bioconjugation media. The acidic medium is not only useful to suppress reactivity of other nucleophiles in proteins, but the medium also serves as a potentially biomolecule‐compatible solvent. The acid‐catalyzed acylation strategy has a unique selectivity paradigm compared to the common active‐serine‐targeted method and would act as a new strategy for studying biological roles of serine residues.
Synthesis of a Transient Cationic Phosphaborene and its Trapping by Facile Aliphatic C−H Bond Activation
Authors: LaPierre Etienne A. , Kehrig Anika , Patrick Brian O. , Tuononen Heikki M. , Manners Ian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe synthesis of a transient cationic phosphaborene [(Mes*)P=B(CAAC)]+ (Mes*=2,4,6,–tri‐tert‐butylphenyl, CAAC=cyclic alkylamino carbene) by halide abstraction from the B‐brominated analogue is reported. This species was found to undergo rapid and selective intramolecular aliphatic C−H bond activation to yield a phosphinoborenium cation, which undergoes facile deprotonation to give a cyclic base‐stabilized phosphaborene. Computational investigation of the mechanism of C−H activation indicates a boron‐centred activation route with an exceptionally low barrier of 8 kJ mol−1, followed by a nearly barrierless hydride migration from boron to phosphorus. This underscores the enhanced reactivity of phosphaborenes compared to their lighter iminoborane analogues and indicates that steric stabilization alone is likely insufficient to isolate persistent cationic phosphaborenes, necessitating the use of alternative design strategies.
Utilization of a Joint Point Regression Model for Predicting Mortality Rates of Common Cancers in Babol City
Authors: Ebrahimi Pouyan , Khaleghi Sara , Vali Mohebat , Delavari Sahar , Khafri Soraya , Karami Mohsen , Shojaie Layla , Nikbakht Hossein‐Ali 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCancer is a major cause of mortality. Timely information about cancer mortality trends is essential for prioritizing health programs.AimsThis study aims to use a Joint point regression model to predict the mortality rates of the top 10 common cancers in Babol City.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study considered all registered cancer‐related deaths from 2013 to 2021 in the Babol University of Medical Sciences' death registration and classification system. Crude and age‐standardized rates and cancer trends were calculated and predicted for the next 5 years, overall and by type of cancer and gender.ResultsOver these 9years, 2417 deaths from the 10 common cancers were recorded. We observed an increase in mortality rates with a slope of 12.05% from 2013 to 2016, and a gentler slope of 3.2% from 2016 to 2021. Cancer mortality rates are predicted to increase by 6.43% in the next 5 years without intervention. Detailed analysis indicates that breast cancer will have the highest mortality rate during 2022–2026, rising by 13.6% annually. Predictions based on gender indicate that, breast cancer mortality will increase by 13.6% annually for women. Also, stomach cancer mortality rates will increase by 0.15% in men annually.ConclusionCancer mortality in Babol remains a significant public health issue with an increasing trend. Nevertheless, these rising mortality rates require urgent interventions, including cancer prevention programs, increased access to medical services, and improved quality of life.
Fabrication and Modification of Hydrotalcite‐Based Photocatalysts and Their Composites for CO2 Reduction: A Critical Review
Authors: Ur Rehman Munir , Yin Rong , Yang Zhao‐Di , Zhang Guiling , Liu Yang , Zhang Feng‐Ming , Yu Cancan , Muhammad Sheraz 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLayered double hydroxides (LDHs), which resemble hydrotalcite, are a type of materials with cationic layers and exchangeable interlayer anions. They have drawn lots of curiosity as a high‐temperature CO2 adsorbent because of its quick desorption/sorption kinetics and renewability. Due to its extensive divalent or trivalent cationic metals, high anion exchange property, memory effect, adjustable behavior, bio‐friendliness, easy to prepare and relatively low cost, the LDHs‐based materials are becoming increasingly popular for photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). Fabrication and modification are good ways to move forward the advancement of LDHs‐based catalysts, which will help chemistry and materials science make great progress. In this review we discussed structural characteristics and the methods for preparation and modification of LDHs‐based photocatalysts. We also highlighted and discussed the major developments and applications in photocatalytic CO2RR as well as the photocatalytic mechanism. The goal of the present review is to give a broad summary of the various LDHs‐based photocatalysts and the corresponding design strategies, which could motivate more excellent research works to explore this kind of CO2RR photocatalysts to further increase CO2 conversion yield and selectivity.
Particle‐In‐Cell (PIC) Simulations of Electron Focusing Heating Phenomena in Bilateral Ion Extraction Process
Authors: Lu Xiaoyong , Liu Liangwei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTParticle‐in‐cell simulations of bilateral ion extraction process are carried out for electron focusing heating phenomenon in this work. The mechanisms and characteristics of the negative heating effect are simulated and analyzed. Then influences of several factors on electron heating degree and ion collection ratio are provided numerically. Finally, relations between the negative heating effect and extraction instability phenomenon are discussed and an approach to mitigate the heating effect is given.
TARRP: Trust Aware RPL Routing Protocol for IoT
Authors: Parizi Mostafa Nazarian , Ghafouri Seyyed Hamid , Hajmohammadi Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe internet of things (IoT) is vulnerable to attacks due to its unique characteristics and numerous limitations, and it is highly prone to attack due to sensitive applications. Most of these attacks are aimed at routing and data transmission (which are the most vital pillars of IoT). So far, many research studies have been proposed to improve the security of routing and data transmission, and most of these methods have been developed based on trust models. Trust models are considered as a powerful and complementary tool for security systems that provide the ability to detect malicious nodes. However, most of these researches to advance their goals are only focused on examining the behavior of nodes during data transmission, and based on this, the trust value of nodes is calculated. This way of assessing trust is not enough due to the widespread attacks of malicious nodes. In this paper, a reliable routing method based on the optimization of IPv6 routing protocol for low power and lossy networks (RPL) routing protocol and trust models is introduced called TARRP (Trust Aware RPL Routing Protocol). TARRP is a two‐step method in which the purpose of the first stage is to create a trusty and reliable topology. The second stage is to assess the trust and identify malicious nodes. In addition to implementing trust, TARRP also manages related recommendations and attacks. The results of simulations using cooja in different scenarios showed the superiority of TARRP in improving routing trust and data exchange compared to previous work.
Tree mapping and carbon inventory on a university campus in South Korea: Case study and global review
Authors: Lee Songhee , Park Woo Bin , Lee Seungmin , Lee Jeong‐Min , Son Yowhan , Yoon Tae Kyung 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCampus trees have significant potential for sequestering carbon in urban environments and improving civic life quality; however, few inventories of university campus trees have been constructed worldwide (excluding North America). This study briefly overviews the current status, challenges, and prospects of inventorying campus trees and provides a case study of a campus tree inventory and carbon assessment through a student participatory program in South Korea. Campus tree maps from 25 universities in eight countries were investigated. A campus tree inventory usually consists of various data on the tree species, dbh, and biomass, and it is often prepared through a capstone or student project in the university. This review identified the following challenges: (1) Few cases have been reported outside North America, (2) publications and data sharing are limited, and (3) participants' experiences have not been evaluated. The case study on inventorying and mapping campus trees was performed by integrating drone‐based orthographic images and field censuses of tree data (species, diameter, GPS coordinates, etc.). A total of 2341 individual trees belonging to 73 species were surveyed over 28.7 ha of green spaces on campus, and various thematic maps were created online. In 2021, the aboveground carbon storage was 263.9 Mg C, and it increased annually by 5.62 Mg C. This study presents the first attempt to evaluate and report a campus tree carbon inventory at an East Asian university. Additional advancements in monitoring techniques and practices for campus trees may contribute to the sustainability of university campuses and local communities.