bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring experiences of talk therapies among gay and bisexual men seeking to reduce or abstain from using crystal methamphetamine in the context of chemsex
Authors: Freestone Jack , Xiao Bo Justin , Siefried Krista J. , Bourne Adam , Ezard Nadine , Maher Lisa , Stirling Robert , Degenhardt Louisa , Varma Rick , Prestage Garrett , Hammoud Mohamed 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionSome gay and bisexual men who have sex with men (GBMSM) who use drugs to enhance sex (chemsex/party and play) may experience harms and seek talk therapies. GBMSM who practice chemsex may not access drug services because of anticipated stigma and the perception that these services lack chemsex expertise. Barriers to services are documented, however, little is known about the service experiences of chemsex engaged GBMSM.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 24 participants reporting current practice of sexualised use of methamphetamine and/or gamma hydroxybutyrate. Interviews explored experiences of counselling and psychology services, participant's treatment goals and challenges. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed in NVIVO14 with a qualitative description methodology.ResultsMost in our study sought to reduce the frequency of methamphetamine use and used methamphetamine only in sexual contexts. When engaging with counsellors and psychologists in alcohol and other drug or mental health services for the general adult population, most censored the sexual drivers and types of sexual behaviours incumbent in their methamphetamine use. Participants' reliance on drugs for sex was spoken about as a major barrier to reducing methamphetamine. Sexual self‐censorship within services inhibited participants' abilities to access meaningful support and achieve treatment goals.Discussion and ConclusionsCounsellor and psychologists working with GBMSM around drug use, must ask about context of drug use and sex. Training and supervision around sexual therapies for those working alongside GBMSM who practice chemsex may be beneficial. Research on treatment approaches to support the sexual wellbeing of people who practice chemsex is required.
Do Children's Brains Function Differently During Book Reading and Screen Time? A fNIRS Study
Authors: Pecukonis Meredith , Yücel Meryem , Lee Henry , Knox Cory , Boas David A. , Tager‐Flusberg Helen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPrevious research suggests that book reading and screen time have contrasting effects on language and brain development. However, few studies have explicitly investigated whether children's brains function differently during these two activities. The present study used functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure brain response in 28 typically developing preschool‐aged children (36–72 months old) during two conditions—a book reading condition, in which children listened to a story read by a live experimenter while viewing words and pictures in a book, and a screen time condition, in which children listened to a story that was played via an audio recording while viewing words and pictures on a screen. Analyses revealed significant activation in the right temporal parietal junction (TPJ) during the book reading condition only. Across regions of interest (ROIs), including the inferior and middle frontal gyrus (IMFG), the superior and middle temporal gyrus (SMTG), and the TPJ, brain response during the book reading condition was greater in right‐lateralized ROIs than left‐lateralized ROIs, while brain response during the screen time condition was similar across left and right ROIs. Findings suggest that the lateralization of preschool‐aged children's brain function within these ROIs differs during book reading and screen time, which provides a possible neurobiological explanation for why book reading and screen time impact language development in such different ways. Findings provide important insights into how children's brains function during different types of activities (dyadic vs. solitary) and when using different types of media (print vs. digital).
Cerebral palsy and perinatal mortality in children born in Norway to immigrant mothers
Authors: Sigholt Maria Wiedswang , Andersen Guro L. , Lydersen Stian , Vestrheim Thomsen Liv Cecilie , Vik Torstein , Hollung Sandra Julsen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimTo compare the prevalence and clinical characteristics of cerebral palsy (CP), and perinatal mortality, in children born to non‐immigrant mothers with children born to immigrant mothers.MethodThis was a registry‐based cross‐sectional study. Data on children born from 2000 to 2016 were extracted from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway and linked to the Norwegian Quality and Surveillance Registry for Cerebral Palsy. The mother's country of birth was categorized into three groups: non‐immigrant (born in Norway); immigrant from high‐income countries (HICs); and immigrant from low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) (born abroad giving birth in Norway). Birth prevalence of CP and prevalence of perinatal mortality per 1000 live births were calculated. Odds ratios (ORs) for CP among live‐born children of non‐immigrant mothers compared to mothers from HICs and LMICs were calculated using logistic regression, both unadjusted and adjusted for each risk factor for CP. Pearson χ2 tests were used to compare the proportions of clinical characteristics.ResultsThe prevalence of CP among non‐immigrant mothers was 2.11 per 1000 live births, 1.44 among mothers from HICs, and 1.71 among mothers from LMICs. The OR for CP in mothers from HICs was 0.68 and 0.81 in mothers from LMICs. Despite mothers from LMICs having higher proportions of consanguinity and lower folate intake, and their children having lower Apgar scores, the ORs for CP were unchanged after adjusting for these. Yet, children born to mothers from LMICs had higher perinatal mortality; their children with CP had higher proportions of intellectual disability.InterpretationThe lower birth prevalence of CP among children born to mothers from LMICs was unexpected. Yet, children born to mothers from LMICs had higher perinatal mortality, which could impact the number of live‐born children with CP.
Geographies of Digital Nomadism: A Research Agenda
Authors: Sciuva Emanuele 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOver the past decade, digital nomadism has gained increasing prominence in both academic and public discourse, particularly in the aftermath of the COVID‐19 pandemic. The focus has shifted from just the nomads themselves to also considering the destinations they inhabit and the broader spatial implications of their movement. This review sets out a research agenda based on emerging discussions about the geographies of digital nomadism, organized around four main thematic areas. The first cluster of scholarly works examines how digital nomads are understood at the crossroads of work‐life, leisure and lifestyle mobility perspectives. The second part includes studies that explore how states are crafting migration regulations and programs to attract digital nomads, along with the difficulties that nomads face in navigating these evolving regulatory landscapes. The third cluster of scholarship investigates the intricate interplay between digital nomadism and housing, focussing on the rise of a medium‐term rental market and diverse housing solutions tailored to digital nomads, while cautioning against the potential gentrifying effects of these emerging markets. Finally, the fourth segment of research examines the socio‐economic infrastructural changes arising from the growing presence of digital nomadism within urban settlements. This includes their role in fostering local innovation as well as their influence in local economic and labour restructuring. The review concludes with a proposed agenda for future geographic research.
Identification of intraductal‐to‐invasive spatial transitions in prostate cancer: proposal for a new unifying model on intraductal carcinogenesis
Authors: Rijstenberg Lucia L , Harikumar Hridya , Verhoef Esther I , van den Bosch Thierry P P , Choiniere Roselyne , van Royen Martin E , van Leenders Geert J L H 
Published: January 2025

AimsIntraductal carcinoma (IDC) is an independent pathological parameter for adverse prostate cancer (PCa) outcome. Although most IDC are believed to originate from retrograde spread of established PCa, rare IDC cases may represent precursor lesions. The actual transition areas between intraductal and invasive cancer, however, have not yet been identified. Our objective was to identify intraductal‐invasive PCa transitions using 2‐ and 3‐dimensional microscopy.Methods and resultsSeventy‐five samples from 46 radical prostatectomies with PCa were immunohistochemically stained for basal cell keratins. In 35 samples, atypical glands that were indistinguishable from invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC) had focal 34BE12‐positive basal cells. These IAC‐like glands were present adjacent to IDC and prostatic intra‐epithelial neoplasia (PIN) in 21 of 45 (46.7%) and 16 of 58 (27.6%) cases, respectively. Whole‐mount confocal imaging of immunofluorescent Ker5/18 double‐stained and cleared 1‐mm‐thick intact tissues revealed spatial continuity between IDC, IAC‐like glands and IAC with a gradual loss of basal cells. In 24 of 35 (68.6%) samples more than one IAC‐like focus (median 3.0) was present.ConclusionsWe identified areas of spatial transition between PIN, IDC and IAC, characterised by remnant basal cells in IAC‐like glands. Based on the coexistence of IDC and PIN, the gradual loss of basal cells in IAC‐like glands and IAC‐like glands’ multifocality, we propose a novel hypothesis on intraductal carcinogenesis, which we term ‘repetitive invasion, precursor progression’ (RIPP).
Spider diversity in a disturbed forest landscape highlights the importance of management heterogeneity
Authors: Plath Eva , Böhme Wilma , Fischer Denise , Griebel Laura , Jochims Kristina , Schreek Katharina , Thiem Christoph , Fischer Klaus 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Anthropogenic climate and land use change pose threats to biodiversity. For example, timber production is altering forest ecosystems worldwide, often resulting in climate‐sensitive monocultures. In central Europe, ongoing climate change has resulted in a large‐scale dieback of spruce plantations, raising concerns about the appropriate management of such sites.
Here, we investigated the direct and indirect effects of forest management on epigeal spider diversity in a disturbed, spruce‐dominated forest landscape in western Germany. We compared five management strategies and evaluated the impact of various environmental variables on taxonomic spider diversity as well as community and functional composition.
Forest management directly affected spider diversity, with lowest values found in spruce stands and highest in salvage‐logged and succession sites. Spider abundance was negatively related to canopy closure, and spider diversity positively to deadwood occurrence on‐site and at the landscape scale. Community composition differed strongly among management regimes, with the highest number of forest specialists occurring in deadwood stands and of open landscape species on clear cuts.
Our results highlight the role of non‐intervention sites as refuges for forest spiders in a highly disturbed forest landscape, while salvage‐logged sites showed the highest overall spider diversity. Based on the occurrence of highly distinct spider assemblages among management regimes, our results stress the importance of landscape heterogeneity for spider diversity.
Forest management should therefore be planned at a landscape rather than stand‐scale. By applying intervention and non‐intervention strategies, large‐scale spruce monocultures may be transformed into diverse forest landscapes with beneficial effects for both biodiversity and forestry.
Left Bundle Branch Pacing Impact on QRS Amplitude in Different Pacing Voltages
Authors: Wang Shengchan , Geng Jie , Yang Wen , Jiang Zhixin , Zhou Xiujuan , Jiang Wanying , Zhang Shigeng , Shan Qijun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundLeft bundle branch pacing (LBBP) emerged as a novel physiological pacing modality that improves clinical outcomes. This study aimed to explore the impact of LBBP on QRS wave amplitude (RWA).MethodsThis prospective observational study included patients with complete left bundle branch block (CLBBB) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) indication, as well as patients with QRSd < 120 ms and pacemaker indication. During the procedure, when the LBBP lead reached the target site, 12‐lead ECGs at baseline and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 times the pacing thresholds and 3.5 V (pacemaker default value) pacing were recorded, and RWA values were measured accordingly. The absolute values of I + aVL, II + III+ aVF, and V1 + V2 + V3 + V4 + V5 + V6 RWA were defined as X‐, Y‐, and Z‐axis ΣRWA.ResultsA total of 195 consecutive patients (50 CLBBB and 145 narrow QRS) were enrolled (69.7 ± 10.3 years, 52.3% male). Compared with the baseline, LBBP significantly increased X‐ and Y‐axis ΣRWA independent of pacing voltage in CLBBB (ΔX/Y‐axis 0.49 ± 0.78 mV, p < 0.0001/0.61 ± 1.24 mV, p = 0.001) and narrow QRS group (ΔX/Y‐axis 0.88 ± 0.61 mV, p < 0.0001/0.91 ± 1.05 mV, p < 0.0001); LBBP significantly reduced Z‐axis ΣRWA in CLBBB patients (ΔZ‐axis −2.64 ± 3.67 mV, p < 0.0001) but not in narrow QRS group (ΔZ‐axis −0.14 ± 1.87 mV, p = 0.36). LBBP significantly improved cardiac function at 1 week of follow‐up.ConclusionsLBBP significantly increased X/Y‐axis ΣRWA independent of pacing voltage in CLBBB and narrow QRS patients. LBBP significantly reduced Z‐axis ΣRWA in CLBBB but not in narrow QRS patients. Whether these ΣRWA changes, through enhancing whole myocardial contractility, have a synergistic effect with LBBP synchronization to further improve cardiac function remains to be investigated.
Direct and indirect genetic effects on early neurodevelopmental traits
Authors: Hegemann Laura , Eilertsen Espen , Hagen Pettersen Johanne , Corfield Elizabeth C. , Cheesman Rosa , Frach Leonard , Daae Bjørndal Ludvig , Ask Helga , St Pourcain Beate , Havdahl Alexandra , Hannigan Laurie J. 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundNeurodevelopmental conditions are highly heritable. Recent studies have shown that genomic heritability estimates can be confounded by genetic effects mediated via the environment (indirect genetic effects). However, the relative importance of direct versus indirect genetic effects on early variability in traits related to neurodevelopmental conditions is unknown.MethodsThe sample included up to 24,692 parent‐offspring trios from the Norwegian MoBa cohort. We use Trio‐GCTA to estimate latent direct and indirect genetic effects on mother‐reported neurodevelopmental traits at age of 3 years (restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests, inattention, hyperactivity, language, social, and motor development). Further, we investigate to what extent direct and indirect effects are attributable to common genetic variants associated with autism, ADHD, developmental dyslexia, educational attainment, and cognitive ability using polygenic scores (PGS) in regression modeling.ResultsWe find evidence for contributions of direct and indirect latent common genetic effects to inattention (direct: explaining 4.8% of variance, indirect: 6.7%) hyperactivity (direct: 1.3%, indirect: 9.6%), and restricted and repetitive behaviors (direct: 0.8%, indirect: 7.3%). Direct effects best explained variation in social and communication, language, and motor development (5.1%–5.7%). Direct genetic effects on inattention were captured by PGS for ADHD, educational attainment, and cognitive ability, whereas direct genetic effects on language development were captured by cognitive ability, educational attainment, and autism PGS. Indirect genetic effects on neurodevelopmental traits were primarily captured by educational attainment and/or cognitive ability PGS.ConclusionsResults were consistent with differential contributions to neurodevelopmental traits in early childhood from direct and indirect genetic effects. Indirect effects were particularly important for hyperactivity and restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests and may be linked to genetic variation associated with cognition and educational attainment. Our findings illustrate the importance of within‐family methods for disentangling genetic processes that influence early neurodevelopmental traits, even when identifiable associations are small.
Mothers’ Experiences of Institutional Betrayal During Childbirth and their Postpartum Mental Health Outcomes: Evidence From a Survey of New Mothers in the United States
Authors: Kulkarni Manali , Fielding‐Singh Priya 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe purpose of this descriptive study was to explore the relationship between the experience of institutional betrayal (IB) during childbirth and postpartum mental health.MethodsWomen who had given birth within the last 3 years in the United States as of June 2021 were recruited via Qualtrics to complete an online survey. Participants (N = 588) answered questions about their birth experiences, including adverse medical events and experiences of IB. Multiple logistic regressions examined whether experiencing one or more types of IB was associated with receiving a diagnosis of a postpartum mental health condition, controlling for other theoretically relevant covariates.ResultsMore than one‐third (39%) of respondents experienced one or more types of IB during childbirth, with a mean (SD) of 1.7 (0.47) and maximum of 2. Experiencing IB increased the odds of a postpartum mental health condition diagnosis by 2.86 (95% CI, 1.63‐5.05; P < .001).DiscussionThe findings suggest that experiencing IB may be one mechanism driving negative postpartum mental health outcomes. Health care providers and policymakers should be aware of the role that IB can play in women's birth experiences and consider how strategies to decrease instances of IB during childbirth may improve postpartum mental health.
Interventions for Compassion Fatigue, Burnout, and Secondary Traumatic Stress in Nurses: A Systematic Review and Network Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Zhang Huiling , Xia Zheyuan , Yu Shuang , Shi Hui , Meng Yahui , Dator Wireen Leila 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study uses network meta‐analysis to evaluate the relative effectiveness of different interventions (behavioral, psychological, and comprehensive) in alleviating compassion fatigue, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress, as well as in improving compassion satisfaction among nurses, aiming to provide evidence‐based insights for enhancing nurses' mental health and care quality. Compassion fatigue in nurses negatively affects their mental health, patient care quality, and healthcare efficiency. Various interventions (psychological, behavioral, and integrated) target this issue, but evidence on their effectiveness is inconclusive. Network meta‐analysis. Randomized controlled trials on compassion fatigue interventions in nurses were reviewed, focusing on outcomes like compassion fatigue, satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress. PRISMA guidelines were followed. Behavioral training significantly reduced compassion fatigue and improved compassion satisfaction. Comprehensive interventions were most effective in reducing burnout, while psychological interventions alleviated secondary trauma. Targeted, multifaceted interventions, especially behavioral and comprehensive strategies, effectively manage compassion fatigue, improving nurses' mental health, job satisfaction, and care quality.
Two homologous Zn2Cys6 transcription factors play crucial roles in host specificity of Colletotrichum orbiculare by controlling the expression of cucurbit‐specific virulence effectors
Authors: Zhang Ru , Inoue Yoshihiro , Singkaravanit‐Ogawa Suthitar , Ogawa Taiki , Mise Kazuyuki , Mine Akira , Takano Yoshitaka 
Published: January 2025

Summary
Fungal plant pathogens preferentially express a set of effector genes at specific infection stages to successfully colonize the host. However, it remains unclear how effector gene expression is regulated during host infection.
This study identified a Zn2Cys6 transcription factor, TFV1 (Transcription Factor for Virulence 1), whose deletion weakened virulence of Colletotrichum orbiculare on its cucurbit hosts. The additional deletion of a TFV1 paralog gene, TVL1 (TFV1‐like 1), resulted in a further reduction in virulence on the cucurbits. Notably, TFV1 TVL1 double mutants retained wild‐type virulence on the Solanaceae host Nicotiana benthamiana.
Expression of putative effector genes, including four cucurbit host‐specific virulence effectors (effector protein for cucurbit infection, EPC1‐4), was commonly downregulated in the TFV1 knockout mutants. Yeast one‐hybrid assays suggested that TFV1 binds to the putative promoter regions of EPC2, EPC3, and EPC4, indicating the importance of TFV1 for the induced expression of key effector genes in cucurbit infection.
Among the effector‐like genes whose expression was affected by TVL1 deletion, a novel LysM effector gene, EPC5, was identified as being specifically required for virulence on cucurbit hosts. Our study extends the knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms governing host‐ and stage‐specific effectors in C. orbiculare.
Alternative transcriptional initiation of OsβCA1 produces three distinct subcellular localization isoforms involved in stomatal response regulation and photosynthesis in rice
Authors: Mao Cui , Zheng Jie , Shen Enlong , Sun Baolong , Wu Hao , Xu Yi , Huang Weifeng , Ding Xinghua , Lin Yongjun , Chen Taiyu 
Published: January 2025

Summary
Plants adjust the size of their stomatal openings to balance CO2 intake and water loss. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) facilitate the conversion between CO2 and HCO3−, and the OsβCA1 mutant in rice (Oryza sativa) shows similar traits in carbon fixation and stomatal response to CO2 as the dual βCA mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the exact role of OsβCA1 in these processes was unclear.
We used gene editing, molecular biology, and plant physiology to study how OsβCA1 contributes to carbon fixation, stomatal opening, and CO2 responses.
OsβCA1 produces three isoforms (OsβCA1A, OsβCA1B, and OsβCA1C) through alternative transcriptional initiation, which localize to the chloroplast, cell membrane, and cytosol, respectively. Protein measurements revealed that OsβCA1A/C and OsβCA1B contribute 97 and 3% to OsβCA1, respectively. By creating specific mutants for each isoform, our results found that the chloroplast and cell membrane isoforms independently participate in carbon fixation and regulation of stomatal aperture. Furthermore, the complete knockout of OsβCA1 caused a delayed response to low CO2.
Our findings provide new insights into the generation and function of different OsβCA1 isoforms, clarifying their roles in CO2 diffusion, CO2 fixation and stomatal regulation in rice.