bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Epstein‐Barr virus load in pyothorax‐associated lymphoma
Authors: Shide Kotaro , Henzan Hideho , Nagafuji Koji , Aoki Kenichi , Miyamoto Toshihiro , Shimoda Kazuya , Kazuyama Yukumasa , Ohshima Koichi , Gondo Hisashi , Harada Mine 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe treated a 73‐year‐old man who developed a pyothorax‐associated pleural lymphoma after a 52‐year history of tuberculous pleuritis. The lymphoma was classified histologically as a diffuse large, B‐cell type. Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) was identified in the tumor by immunocytochemical and molecular methods. Chemotherapy both without and with the addition of rituximab was only minimally effective, but adding radiotherapy to chemotherapy reduced the tumor size, resulting in a partial remission. The EBV load measured by a quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction correlated well with the tumor size and the serum lactate dehydrogenase concentration. Monitoring the EBV load may be useful in the management of pyothorax‐associated lymphoma. J. Med. Virol. 70:137–140, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Normal metabolism but different physical properties of myelin from mice deficient in proteolipid protein
Authors: Jurevics Helga , Hostettler Janell , Sammond Deanne W. , Nave Klaus‐Armin , Toews Arrel D. , Morell Pierre 
Published: March 2003

AbstractProteolipid protein (PLP) is the primary protein component of CNS myelin, yet myelin from the PLPnull mouse has only minor ultrastructural abnormalities. Might compensation for a potentially unstable structure involve increased myelin synthesis and turnover? This was not the case; neither accumulation nor in vivo synthesis rates for the myelin‐specific lipid cerebroside was altered in PLPnull mice relative to wild‐type (wt) animals. However, the yield of myelin from PLPnull mice, assayed as levels of cerebroside, was only about 55% of wt control levels. Loss of myelin occurred during initial centrifugation of brain homogenate at 20,000g for 20 min, which is sufficient to sediment almost all myelin from wt mice. Cerebroside‐containing fragments from PLPnull mice remaining in the supernatant could be sedimented by more stringent centrifugation, 100,000g for 60 min. Both the rapidly and the more slowly sedimenting cerebroside‐containing membranes banded at the 0.85/0.32 M sucrose interface of a density gradient, as did myelin from wt mice. These results suggest at least some myelin from PLPnull mice differs from wt myelin with respect to physical stability (fragmented into smaller particles during dispersion) and/or density. Alternatively, slowly sedimenting cerebroside‐containing particles could be myelin precursor membranes that, lacking PLP, were retarded in their processing toward mature myelin and thus differ from mature myelin in physical properties. If this is so, recently synthesized cerebroside should be preferentially found in these “slower‐sedimenting” myelin precursor fragments. Metabolic tracer experiments showed this was not the case. We conclude that PLPnull myelin is physically less stable and/or less dense than wt myelin. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Isomorphic substitution in vanadinite [Pb5(VO4)3Cl]—a Raman spectroscopic study
Authors: Frost Ray L. , Crane Martin , Williams Peter A. , Theo Kloprogge J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe Raman and infrared spectra of vanadinite [Pb5(VO4)3Cl] specimens from three localities were studied. Raman spectra were found to be both orientation and temperature dependent. Measurement of the Raman spectra at liquid nitrogen temperature allowed better band separation and increased the intensities of weak bands, thus permitting band assignment. Two types of isomorphous substitution were identified: (a) substitution in the bulk of the crystal where electron beam microanalysis identifies the presence of calcium and copper and (b) surface substitution where infrared spectroscopy shows the isomorphous substitution of vanadate by phosphate and of chloride by hydroxyl groups. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman investigation of 2,5‐bis(benzoxazol‐2′‐yl)‐4‐methoxyphenol under high pressure
Authors: Balzaretti Naira Maria , Gallas Márcia Russman , Costa Tânia Maria Haas , Stefani Valter , Perottoni Cláudio Antônio , da Jornada João Alziro Herz 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe Raman spectrum of the benzoxazole‐type dye 2,5‐bis(benzoxazol‐2′‐yl)‐4‐methoxyphenol was measured in a diamond anvil cell at pressures up to 10 GPa, with NaCl as the pressure‐transmitting medium. The Raman peaks at 1250, 1456, 1540, 1613 and 1645 cm−1 shifted to higher wavenumbers with increasing pressure and there was no indication of structural transition in the pressure range studied. The assignment of these Raman‐active modes was performed by means of ab initio calculations. The results from the calculations show that the peak at 1456 cm−1 is mainly related to the vibration of the terminal C—H bonds, while the other peaks can be assigned to vibrations of the tilted benzoxazole group. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Probing gas bubbles inside industrial glasses by Raman scattering
Authors: Pedeche S. , Simon P. , Matzen G. , Moulin B. , Blanchard K. , Querel G. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe gas enclosed inside bubbles in industrial glasses was probed by micro‐Raman spectrometry. The rotational and vibrational Raman spectra for various gases can be measured with high sensitivity. The elimination of a parasitic signal due to air that makes the signal acquisition difficult is discussed. In situ high‐temperature Raman measurements were used to monitor the disproportionation reaction of SO2 inside bubbles. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cytochrome P‐450 expression and lipid peroxidation in gallbladder cancer
Authors: Pandey Manoj , Sharma Lal B. , Shukla Vijay K. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesCarcinoma of the gallbladder is the commonest neoplasm of the biliary tract; however, the etiology of this tumor remains unclear.MethodsA case‐control study was carried out comprising 50 patients with gallbladder cancer and 50 patients with cholelithiasis. Cytochrome P‐450 estimation was carried out in the gallbladder tissue, and lipid peroxide product melonaldehyde (MDA) was measured in gallbladder bile. Statistical analysis was carried out by Student's t‐test, and one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated, and linear regression analysis was performed.ResultsThe mean cytochrome P‐450 concentration was significantly higher in patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder than in controls (t = 3.9, P < 0.001; F = 15.2, P = 0.002). Similarly, the mean concentration of melonaldehyde was significantly higher among cancer patients than in patients with gallstones (t = 2.7, P < 0.003; F = 7.37, P = 0.0078). No significant correlation was observed between tissue MDA and cytochrome P‐450 levels (Pearson r = 0.1, P = 0.28).ConclusionsThe results of the present study show that the rise in concentration of MDA is independent of the rise in concentration of cytochrome P‐450; however, this is statistically insignificant. This could be due to biliary stasis leading to a rise in biliary concentration of melonaldeyde that is disproportionate to its production. J. Surg. Oncol. 2003;82:180–183. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metastatic potential of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans with fibrosarcomatous change
Authors: Minter Rebecca M. , Reith John D. , Hochwald Steven N. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractDermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a relatively uncommon fibrohistiocytic tumor that is locally aggressive. DFSP is associated with frequent local recurrences but rarely metastasizes. It has been suggested that fibrosarcomatous change within a dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP‐FS) is associated with increased risk of local recurrence and distant metastases. Metastases remain rare, however, and are typically preceded by multiple local recurrences. We report a rare case of a DFSP‐FS metastasis to the head of the pancreas without any preceding local recurrence. J. Surg. Oncol. 2003;82:201–208. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Increased dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity in breast cancer
Authors: Anan Keisei , Mitsuyama Shoshu , Tamae Keiyoshi , Suehara Nobuhiro , Nishihara Kazuyoshi , Ogawa Yoshiaki , Abe Yuji , Iwashita Toshimitsu , Toyoshima Satoshi 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAlthough studies have focused on modulating the bioavailability of 5‐FU through inhibition of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) to improve efficacy of the drug, activity of this enzyme in breast cancer has not been thoroughly examined. We measured DPD activity in primary and metastatic lesions and benign breast tumors to evaluate the clinical significance of this enzyme in the treatment of breast cancer.MethodsDPD activity was measured by catalytic assay and compared in 100 primary tumors (95 invasive carcinomas, 5 intraductal carcinomas), 26 uninvolved adjacent breast tissue specimens, 6 metastatic sites, and 7 intraductal papillomas.ResultsThe enzyme level in the carcinomas was 4‐fold that of adjacent uninvolved breast tissues (101 vs 23 pmol/min/mg protein, P < 0.001). Enzyme activity in intraductal papilloma (120 pmol/min/mg protein) was comparable to that in invasive carcinoma. There were no significant differences in DPD activity related to clinicopathologic features, but a tendency toward increased DPD activity was observed in progesterone receptor‐negative breast cancer (P = 0.09). There was marginal correlation in enzyme activity between primary and metastatic lesions (P = 0.07).ConclusionsDPD activity is substantially upregulated in breast cancer tissue and is higher than that reported previously. The clinical implications of DPD inhibitors in patients being treated for breast cancer with oral fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy should be further investigated. J. Surg. Oncol. 2003;82:174–179. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The use and application of Rose's theory of lesson drawing in peripheral areas of Scotland
Authors: Nash Robert 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis article looks at Rose's theory of lesson drawing and its possible use and application in social science research. It identifies the contingencies necessary for its application and also identifies how a lesson may be transferred between cases. The use and viability of Rose's theory of lesson drawing is evaluated. The lesson drawing approach would be appropriate to most comparative social science research. It lends itself to tourism research and the establishment of circumstances in which lessons can be imported or exported between regions or countries. It recently has been used in a comparative study of islands and lesson drawing. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reaction ClO + ClO → products: Modeling and parameterization for use in atmospheric models
Authors: Golden David M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe interaction of two ClO radicals is important in the Antarctic stratosphere. Current models assume a single ClOOCl product and use the parameters suggested in the NASA/JPL or IUPAC compilations to describe the rate constant as a function of temperature and pressure (in air). It has been noted that these parameters suggest an inordinately high energy transfer efficiency and perhaps a somewhat high negative temperature dependence at the high pressure limit. Recent potential energy surface calculations reveal the possibility of the formation of ClOClO. In this study RRKM/master equation modeling of this surface was performed. Rational input parameters confirm that the formation of ClOClO in 10–15% yields may be important, but they do not conform with the shape and temperature dependence of the data. The simplest best representation of the extant data remains the single channel NASA/JPL format with parameters k0 (cm6 molecules−2 s−1) = 1.6 × 10−32 (T/300)−4.5 and k (cm3 molecules−1 s−1) = 2.0 × 10−12 (T/300)−2.4. However, the data can be represented as the sum of the two pathways as well. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 35: 206–211, 2003
Raman spectroscopy for optical diagnosis in normal and cancerous tissue of the nasopharynx—preliminary findings
Authors: Lau David P. , Huang Zhiwei , Lui Harvey , Man Chris S. , Berean Ken , Morrison Murray D. , Zeng Haishan 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesRaman spectroscopy (RS), which can detect molecular changes associated with cancer, was explored as a means of distinguishing normal and cancerous nasopharyngeal tissue.Study Design/Patients and MethodsTissue from six patients with normal and cancerous biopsies was studied using a rapid acquisition Raman spectrometer.ResultsSpectra were obtainable within 5 seconds. Consistent differences were noted between normal and cancer tissue in three bands 1,290–1,320 cm−1 (P = 0.005), 1,420–1,470 cm−1 (P = 0.006), and 1,530–1,580 cm−1 (P = 0.002).ConclusionsSpectral differences appear to exist between normal and cancerous nasopharyngeal tissue. The ability to obtain spectra rapidly supports the potential for future in vivo application. Lasers Surg. Med. 32:210–214, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A multispectral fluorescence imaging system: Design and initial clinical tests in intra‐operative Photofrin‐photodynamic therapy of brain tumors
Authors: Yang Victor X.D. , Muller Paul J. , Herman Peter , Wilson Brian C. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIntra‐operative identification of tumor by fluorescence may improve surgical resection or photodynamic therapy (PDT). A novel instrument was designed, constructed, and tested for this purpose.Study Design/Materials and MethodsThe instrument was designed to provide high‐resolution, multi‐spectral (five band) fluorescence imaging, and non‐contact point spectroscopy, with long working distance (∼50 cm), large field‐of‐view (∼3 cm diameter), large depth of view (∼2 cm), and ‘point‐and‐shoot’ operation. Its performance was determined in tissue‐simulating phantoms and in pilot studies in brain tumor resection patients, with or without intra‐operative Photofrin‐PDT.ResultsIn phantoms the imaging resolution was ∼150 μm, while Photofrin concentrations as low as 0.05 or 0.1 μg/g could be detected at the tissue surface or at 0.5 mm depth, respectively. Red Photofrin fluorescence could be clearly visualized post radical resection in all PDT patients, with biopsy confirmation of residual tumor tissue in regions that were not seen as tumor under white light. Photobleaching of Photofrin during PDT was also demonstrated.ConclusionsThe system performed to specification under realistic operating conditions and could reveal unresected residual tumor tissue. It may be used for either PDT dosimetry/monitoring and/or for surgical guidance. Lasers Surg. Med. 32:224–232, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pulpal response to Er:YAG laser drilling of dentine in healthy human third molars
Authors: Nair P.N. Ramachandran , Baltensperger Marc M. , Luder Hans‐Ulrich , Eyrich Gerold K.H. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMaintenance of pulpal health is a critical prerequisite for successful application of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiations (lasers) in the hard tissue management of vital teeth. The purpose of this study was to investigate the short‐ and long‐term pulpal effects to cavity‐preparations in healthy human teeth using erbium‐doped:yttrium, aluminum, and garnet (Er:YAG) laser.Materials and MethodsA total of seven healthy third molars that were to be removed due to space‐problem were used. Following the laser excavation, the cavities in dentine were closed temporarily and the teeth were extracted after 7 days (n = 5) and 3 months (n = 2) post‐operation. The specimens were fixed, decalcified, subdivided, and processed for light and transmission electron microscopy.ResultsIn the short‐term group, four of the five laser‐drilled teeth did not reveal any pathological changes in the pulp–dentine complex. One tooth showed mild disruption of odontoblasts (OB) and vascular dilatation subjacent to the deepest point of the cavity‐preparation with a remaining dentine thickness (RDT) of less than 80 μm. The two teeth under long‐term observation revealed distinct apposition of tertiary dentine (TD), lined predominantly with cuboidal cells on its pulpal aspect.ConclusionsThese results would allow a conclusion to be drawn that the Er:YAG laser under investigation is a pulp preserving hard‐tissue drilling tool when used with the specific energy settings and emitting radiation at a wavelength of 2.94 μm. Lasers Surg. Med. 32:203–209, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proximal and uniform convergence on apartness spaces
Authors: Vîţă Luminiţa Simona 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe main purpose of this paper is to investigate constructively the relationship between proximal convergence, uniform sequential convergence and uniform convergence for sequences of mappings between apartness spaces. It is also shown that if the second space satisfies the Efremovic axiom, then proximal convergence preserves strong continuity.
Some Boolean algebras with finitely many distinguished ideals II
Authors: Aragón Regina 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe describe the countably saturated models and prime models (up to isomorphism) of the theory Thprin of Boolean algebras with a principal ideal, the theory Thmax of Boolean algebras with a maximal ideal, the theory Thac of atomic Boolean algebras with an ideal such that the supremum of the ideal exists, and the theory Thsa of atomless Boolean algebras with an ideal such that the supremum of the ideal exists. We prove that there are infinitely many completions of the theory of Boolean algebras with a distinguished ideal that do not have a countably saturated model. Also, we give a sufficient condition for a model of the theory TX of Boolean algebras with distinguished ideals to be elementarily equivalent to a countably saturated model of TX.
Sequential topological conditions in ℝ in the absence of the axiom of choice
Authors: Gutierres Gonçalo 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIt is known that – assuming the axiom of choice – for subsets A of ℝ the following hold: (a) A is compact iff it is sequentially compact, (b) A is complete iff it is closed in ℝ, (c) ℝ is a sequential space. We will show that these assertions are not provable in the absence of the axiom of choice, and that they are equivalent to each
The Banach‐Steinhaus theorem for the space 𝒟(ℝ) in constructive analysis
Authors: Yoshida Satoru 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe prove the Banach‐Steinhaus theorem for distributions on the space 𝒟(ℝ) within Bishop's constructive mathematics. To this end, we investigate the constructive sequential completion $ \tilde {\cal D} $(ℝ) of 𝒟(ℝ).
Provably total functions of Basic Arithmetic
Authors: Salehi Saeed 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIt is shown that all the provably total functions of Basic Arithmetic BA, a theory introduced by Ruitenburg based on Predicate Basic Calculus, are primitive recursive. Along the proof a new kind of primitive recursive realizability to which BA is sound, is introduced. This realizability is similar to Kleene's recursive realizability, except that recursive functions are restricted to primitive recursives.
Bidding behavior at the auction
Authors: Johns Christy L. , Zaichkowsky Judith L. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe outcome of any auction sale is dependent upon a variety of interbehavior dynamics, which are either intensified or diminished according to the number of bidders involved. Two live auctions were studied and significant relationships were found between the number of bidders and bid range, starting bid values, and winning bids. The least competitive bidding occurred with three bidders. When there were four or more bidders, winning bids were likely to exceed starting bids. Strategies for participating in live auctions are discussed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effects of structural and grammatical variables on persuasion: An elaboration likelihood model perspective
Authors: Areni Charles S. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn research examining the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), argument quality has generally been treated as an expedient methodological tool rather than a conceptually meaningful construct. Differences between strong and weak arguments have typically been cast in terms of pretest results and/or the ad hoc interpretations of researchers. Given the importance of creating effective verbal arguments in marketing communications, a stronger theoretical rationale is needed to establish why, exactly, some verbal arguments are more persuasive than others. Drawing on the literature in logic, social psychology, jurisprudence, and sociolinguistics, this research examines various structural and grammatical elements of verbal arguments in order to develop conceptually meaningful definitions of argument quality and more rigorous theoretical accounts of argument‐driven persuasion within the ELM. Several research propositions are derived in order to suggest directions for future research on argument‐driven persuasion. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
First Diazosulfonate Homopolymer by Enzymatic Polymerization
Authors: Robert Jan P. , Uyama Hiroshi , Kobayashi Shiro , Jordan Rainer , Nuyken Oskar 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe polymerization behavior of phenolic azosulfonates and triazene by means of enzymatic polymerization using horseradish peroxidase was studied. While for the latter one, only oligomerization was observed, sodium 4‐hydroxybenzenediazosulfonate was successfully homopolymerized. The obtained polymer had an average molecular weight of Mn = 3 000 with a polydispersity index of 1.51. This is the first example of a homopolymer bearing an azosulfonate function in every monomer unit.
magnified image
Evidence of Branching in Poly(butyl acrylate) Produced in Pulsed‐Laser Polymerization Experiments
Authors: Plessis Christophe , Arzamendi Gurutze , Alberdi Juan M. , van Herk Alex M. , Leiza José R. , Asua José M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBranched poly(butyl acrylate) was obtained from pulsed‐laser polymerizations carried out in bulk and in solution between −16 and 60 °C. The predominantly short branches are formed by backbiting. The Arrhenius temperature dependence of the backbiting rate is calculated, and the activation energy of this process was found to be remarkably higher than that of propagation. Branching thus increases with temperature leading to broader SEC traces and difficulties in the accurate determination of kp.
Arrhenius plot of kfp2 versus 1/T determined experimentally.magnified imageArrhenius plot of kfp2 versus 1/T determined experimentally.