bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of dural sealant patches for reinforcement of durotomy repair: a systematic review
Authors: Shah Rahul , Huda Shayan , Ward Max , D’Amico Randy S. , Caridi John , Ben-Shalom Netanel 
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE
Dural sealant patches (DSPs) are a useful adjunct when closing the dura during cranial or spinal surgery to avoid cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage or infection. Authors of this paper systematically review the outcomes and incidence of CSF leakage and infection with the use of a DSP versus conventional practice.

METHODS
The MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases were searched, and clinical trials and prospective or retrospective case-control and cohort studies with a low-risk of bias and involving any solid DSP used in adults for cranial or spinal cases were included. Studies that used a DSP in combination with another method of dural sealant closure, used a DSP as a dural substitute rather than an adjunctive closure device, or used hydrogel or polymer gel (i.e., nonsolid) dural sealant "patches" were excluded. A meta-analysis of comparative studies reporting outcomes relating to CSF leakage was performed together with a subgroup analysis for each DSP type. For comparative studies reporting outcomes relating to infection, a separate meta-analysis was conducted.

RESULTS
Across the 7 noncomparative studies included, 669 patients received TachoComb (n = 421, 1 study), TachoSil (n = 8, 1 study), Liqoseal (n = 40, 1 study), TissuePatchDural (n = 144, 2 studies), or Hemopatch (n = 56, 2 studies). Across the 6 comparative studies included, 1013 patients received TachoSil (n = 784, 3 studies), TissuePatchDural (n = 147, 2 studies), or Hemopatch (n = 82, 1 study). When considering the rates of CSF leakage or infection, 2/6 comparative studies found DSPs to be significantly more effective than current practice, while the remaining 4/6 demonstrated noninferiority compared to current practice. All studies considered the DSPs to be safe. A meta-analysis revealed significant improvements in the incidence of CSF leakage with the use of a DSP overall, but the improvements in CSF leak rates for the TachoSil and TissuePatchDural subgroups did not reach statistical significance. The single study evaluating Hemopatch did find statistically significant improvements in CSF leak rates. There were no significant differences in infection between the DSP groups.

CONCLUSIONS
There was a significant improvement in the incidence of CSF leaks with the use of DSPs. Comparisons among DSP types and evaluations of outcomes relating to infection should be the focus of further research in this area.
Evaluation of diversity, equity, and inclusion information on US neurosurgery residency program websites
Authors: Kabangu Jean-Luc K. , Fowler Danny L. , Dugan John , Hernandez Amanda , Graham Delaney , Newsome-Cuby Takara , Bah Momodou G. , Eden Sonia V. 
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) information on neurosurgery residency program websites and examine the association between program size, ranking, and DEI information presence.

METHODS
A cross-sectional review of 115 US neurosurgery residency program websites was conducted from January 1 to March 2, 2024. Websites were evaluated based on six DEI criteria: 1) diversity commitment in mission/leadership statements, 2) separate diversity mission statement, 3) rotations/fellowships for underrepresented minority students, 4) diversity initiatives, 5) diversity page/section, and 6) appointed diversity leadership positions. Associations between program size, ranking, and DEI information were analyzed.

RESULTS
Among the 115 programs, only 35 (30.43%) met at least one DEI criterion. Specifically, 18.26% had a separate diversity mission statement and 15.65% included a DEI statement in mission/leadership messages. Programs with more than 13 residents were significantly more likely to meet at least one DEI criterion (OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.16–7.56; p = 0.022) and to include a DEI statement in mission/leadership messages (OR 5.38, 95% CI 1.71–24.72; p = 0.018). Top 25–ranked programs by U.S. News & World Report were more likely to have diversity initiatives (OR 6.23, 95% CI 1.78–23.97; p = 0.007). Programs meeting any DEI criterion had a higher percentage of female (29.67% vs 22.55%, p = 0.013) and Black (7.85% vs 4.49%, p = 0.019) residents. There was no statistically significant difference in the percentage of White residents (p = 0.206) across programs, and programs with a mention of DEI in the mission statement had a lower percentage of Asian residents (24.08% vs 33.29%, p = 0.042).

CONCLUSIONS
Most US neurosurgery residency programs lack DEI information on their websites. Larger programs and those with higher rankings are more likely to include DEI content, particularly standalone statements. Programs meeting DEI criteria tend to have a higher representation of female and Black residents. These findings highlight the need for greater transparency and commitment to DEI in neurosurgery residency programs, ensuring prospective applicants have access to comprehensive DEI information.
Clinical outcomes and patient-reported outcome measures among patients undergoing posterior lumbar fusion procedures with varying insurance payor status: a propensity score–matching study
Authors: Shah Aaryan , Schonfeld Ethan , Haider Ghani , Marianayagam Neelan J. , Sadeghzadeh Sina , Stienen Martin N. , Veeravagu Anand 
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE
Posterior lumbar fusion (PLF) is a routinely used procedure for treatment of spinal pathology. Several studies have highlighted disparities in reoperation and postoperative complications and demonstrated associations between differing insurance providers, complication rates, and hospital resource utilization in spine surgery. Previous studies have examined broad spinal procedures but have not extended to uninsured patients, or adjusted for sociodemographic factors or comorbidity history. Understanding relationships between payor status and outcomes following fusion procedures is vital to promoting healthcare equity. The objective of this study was to assess whether patients’ insurance impacts postoperative outcomes and patient satisfaction following PLF procedures.

METHODS
The Stanford University Medical Center inpatient registry was used to retrospectively analyze patients who underwent PLF procedures between 2016 and 2022. Propensity score matching was used to compare privately insured with Medicaid patients, as well as comparing uninsured patients with Medicaid patients based on age, sex, and comorbidities. Outcomes data, including 90-day postoperative complications, reoperation, and patient-reported outcome measures scores (Oswestry Disability Index and Patient Health Questionnaire) were collected.

RESULTS
A total of 1904 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In unmatched comparisons, statistically significant differences existed within specific types of complications including altered mental status, delirium, neurological complications, and pulmonary complications. A total of 292 privately insured patients were matched to 292 Medicaid patients. Within matched patient groups, the Medicaid group had higher rates of altered mental status (6.2% vs 2.7%, p = 0.042); delirium (9.9% vs 5.1%, p = 0.035); renal dysfunction (6.9% vs 4.1%, p = 0.020); and pulmonary complications (8.9% vs 3.8%, p = 0.049) compared to privately insured patients. Privately insured patients had lower postoperative Oswestry Disability Index scores (30.2 vs 34.4, p = 0.018) compared to Medicaid patients. Following propensity score matching of 88 Medicaid patients to 88 uninsured patients, large but not statistically significant differences existed for neurological complications (12.5% vs 5.7%, p = 0.165) and 5-year revision rates (3.4% vs 1.1%, p = 0.353).

CONCLUSIONS
The findings indicate that the treatment outcomes, care quality, and patient satisfaction following PLF procedures differ between Medicaid and privately insured patients. Further investigation is warranted to explore relationships between insurance payor status and clinical outcomes in multicenter populations.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUTUSAN KONSUMEN MEMBELI PAKAN TERNAK DI MAMMINASATA POULTRY SHOP (PS)
Authors: Iin Aprianty  , Nugraha Angga , Armayani M  
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak faktor terhadap pilihan konsumen, kualitas produk, harga, promosi dan lokasi dalam membeli pakan ternak di Mamminasata Poultry Shop (PS). Metode deskriptif kuantitatif digunakan dalam penelitian menggunakan 55 responden sebagai sampel. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan metode kusioner dan pemeriksaan informasi yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan SPSS 16.0 windows. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai koefisien kualitas pakan (X1) sebesar 0.017, harga (X2) sebesar 0.002, promosi (X3) sebesar 0.283 dan lokasi (X4) sebesar 0.886. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara umum faktor kualitas pakan (X1) dan Harga (X2) berpengaruh secara signifikan (P<0.05) terhadap Keputusan konsumen sementara faktor promosi (X3) dan lokasi(X4) tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan (P>0.05) terhadap Keputusan konsumen membeli pakan ternak. Sedangkan hasil uji simultan (F) menunjukkan bahwa nilai Fhitung sebesar 4.809 dengan tingkat siginifikan 0.05 dan nilai Ftabel sebesar 2.786. Maka dari itu disimpulkan bahwa kualitas pakan (X1), harga (X2), Promosi (X3) dan lokasi (X4) berpengaruh penting bagi Keputusan konsumen membeli pakan ternak.
Analisis Permintaan dan Penawaran Produk Tempe di Kota Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Rahbiah Sitti , Aminah  , Fatmawati Siti , Oktavian Hattah Muhammad Fiqih 
Published: February 2025

Sektor pertanian sangat penting dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi salah satunya dengan mengolah hasil pertanian menjadi produk yang bermanfaat, seperti tempe yang diolah dari bahan baku kedelai. Penelitian bertujuan: 1) Mendeskripsikan karakteristik penjual dan pembeli tempe; 2) Mendeskripsikan jumlah tempe yang dijual oleh pedagang dan jumlah yang dibeli oleh konsumen; 3)Menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi permintaan tempe; dan 4) Menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penawaran tempe. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Pasar Pa’baeng-Baeng dan Pasar Terong di Kota Makassar, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan pada bulan Juli–Desember 2022. Sampel pedagang tempe sebanyak 50 orang dan sampel pembeli sebanyak 200 orang. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik responden pembeli tempe berusia rata-rata 40 tahun, tingkat pendidikan rata-rata SMA (56,82%), jenis kelamin perempuan yg terbanyak (83,64%), dan dominan bekerja sebagai ibu rumahtangga (46,81%). Karakteristik responden pedagang tempe berdasarkan usia yaitu rata-rata 41 tahun, tingkat pendidikan rata-rata SMA, dan jenis kelamin dominan adalah laki-laki (74,00%). Rata-rata tempe yang dibeli oleh konsumen sebanyak 19 bungkus/bulan, dan rata-rata tempe yang terjual sebanyak 3.504 bungkus/bulan. Secara simultan (Uji-F) signifikan terhadap permintaan tempe, dengan koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 62,1%. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan secara parsial (Uji-t) adalah semua variabel yang diuji yaitu harga tempe, pendapatan pembeli, jumlah tanggungan keluarga, intensitas kebutuhan, selera dan harga barang subtitusi. Secara simultan (Uji-F) signifikan terhadap penawaran tempe, dengan koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 60,3%. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan secara parsial (Uji-t) terhadap penawaran tempe yaitu harga ditingkat produsen, ekspektasi harga di masa datang, jumlah produsen, dan jumlah konsumen. Sedangkan yang tidak signifikan yaitu harga ditingkat pedagang.
KAJIAN EFEKTIFITAS MIKROBA AZOTOBACTER SP. SEBAGAI PEMACU PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KAKAO (THEOBROMA CACAO L.)
Authors: Rahmi Rahmi 
Published: February 2025

Penggunaan rhizo-bakteri pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman atau plant growth promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR) sebagai pupuk hayati merupakan satu sumbangan bioteknologi dalam usaha peningkatan produktivitas tanaman.Bakteri Azotobacter spmerupakan salah satu rhizobacteri yang terdapat ditanaman perkebunan. Bakteri ini mempunyai kemampuan dalam memproduksi vitamin dan zat pengatur tumbuh seperti IAA, kinetin dan giberelin (Tang et al.,1983: Glick, 1995). Selain ituBakteri inidapat memfiksasi Nitrogen secara nonsimbiotik dan juga menghasilkan polisakarida ekstraseluler, seperti alginat dan polimer. Alginat berfungsi melindungi nitrogenase sehingga meningkatkan fiksasi Nitrogen (Sabra et al., 2000).Menurut Holt, et al., (1994) dan Cowan et al. (1993) genus Azotobacter termasuk bakterigram negatif, berbentuk batang, bersifat motil dannon motil. Sifat hidupnya aerob tetapi juga dapattumbuh secara anaerob fakultatif jika kelarutanoksigen menurun.Dari beberapa hasil kajian terlihat bahwa efektifitas bakteri azotobacter tidak hanya dalam meningkatkan fiksasi Nitrogen tapi juga mempunyai kemampuan dalam meningkatkan ketersediaan P dan berperan sebagai biokontrol yang dapatmeningkatkan kesehatan akar dan pertumbuhan tanaman melalui proteksinya terhadap beberapa penyakit (Arshad dan Frankenberger,1993), Azotobacter sp. juga dikenalsebagai pengendali penyakit tanaman karena kemampuannya menghasilkan senyawa anti antibiotik dan antifungi (Shende et al., 1977).Demikian pula dalam proses perkecambahan benih, tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh IAA tetapi juga adanya pengaruh senyawa lain yang disintesisoleh Azotobacter sp. Menurut Rao (1982), Azotobacter sp. juga menghasilkan senyawa thiamin,riblovaflavin, pridoksin, sianokobalamin,nikotin, asam pentotenat, asam indol asetat, dan giberelin yang berperan dalam perkecambahan biji.
SISTEM INFORMASI IDENTIFIKASI PENYAKIT PADA TANAMAN KEDELAI BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Kumalasari Tien 
Published: February 2025

Penyediaan informasi tentang penyakit kedelai masih bersifat manual sehingga tidak berfungsi secara maksimal dalam penyebaran informasi baik ke petani, penyuluh, dan pengguna lainnya.Gangguan penyakit merupakan masalah penting yang dihadapi petani dalam usaha tani kedelai, selain menurunkan hasil produksi serangan penyakit juga menurunkan kualitas hasil.Oleh karena itu untuk mengetahui penyakit apa yang menyerang tanaman kedelaimaka dibutuhkan suatu sistem informasi identifikasi penyakit pada tanaman kedelai berbasis web. Metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan mengacu pada systems development life cycle (SDLC), mulai dari investigasi, analisis,desain, dan implementasi sistem. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah sebuah sistem informasi identifikasi penyakit pada tanaman kedelai berbasis web.
EFEKTIVITAS SUPLEMENTASI TEPUNG LEMPUYANG (ZINGEBER AROMATICUM VAL) DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP BERAT DAN KUALITAS KARKAS AYAM PEDAGING
Authors: Dollah Zainab , Semaun Rahmawati , Amin Nurul 
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh efektivitas suplementasi tepung lempuyang (zingiber aromaticum val) dalam ransum terhadap berat dan kualitas karkas ayam pedaging. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan ulangan sebanyak tiga kali dan tiga taraf perlakuan yaitu P0 = kontrol, P1= 0,5% tepung lempuyang, P2 = 2,5% tepung lempuyang, P3 = 4,5% tepung lempuyang dan P4 = 6,5% tepung lempuyang. Berat Karkas perlakuan P3 lebih tinggi, perlakuan P3 berbeda sangat nyata dengan perlakuan P0, P1, P2 dan P4 namun perlakuan P2 tidak berbeda sangat nyata dengan perlakuan P1 dan P4. Perlakuan P0 tidak berbeda sangat nyata dengan perlakuan P1 dan P4. Berat rata-rata karkas ayam pedaging tertinggi ke terendah diperoleh dari perlakuan P3 sebesar (1,07 Kg), P2 (1,03 Kg), P4 (0,96 Kg), P1 (0,94 Kg) dan P0 (0,91 Kg). Suplementasi tepung lempuyang (zingiber aromaticum val) dalam ransum, berbeda sangat nyata pada taraf 1% terhadap kualitas karkas ayam pedaging. Perlakuan P3 berbeda sangat nyata dengan P0, namun tidak berbeda sangat nyata dengan P1, P2 dan P4. Perlakuan P0 tidak berbeda sangat nyata dengan P4 dan P1. Nilai rata – rata kualitas karkas tertinggi ke terendah adalah P3 (74,54 %), P2 (74,36 %), P4 (72,35 %), P1 (72,28 %) dan P0 (71,14%). Kualitas karkas terdiri dari persentase dan komposisi karkas (lemak sub kutan, serat dan daging). Perlemakan dibawah kulit relatif sedikit, aroma daging tidak amis, serat daging halus, padat, mengkilat dan karkas berwarna putih kekuning-kuningan. Hati nampak mengkilat, utuh (perototan kompak) dan berwarna coklat kemerah-merahan.
KANDUNGAN KALSIUM (Ca) DAN FOSPOR (P) KACANG KORO PEDANG (CANAVALIA ENSIFORMIS ) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PAKAN KONSENTRAT PADA RANSUM TERNAK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN LAMA PERENDAMAN NaCl YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Nur Eva Melani , Munir Munir , Novieta Intan Dwi 
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perendaman NaCl terhadap kandungan kalsium (Ca) dan Fospor (P)pada kacang koro pedang. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan ulangan tiga kali dan tiga taraf perlakuan yaitu . TO= kontrol, TI= perendaman 1 hari, T2= perendaman 3 hari, T3= perendaman 5 hari. perendaman kacang koro dengan menggunakan lama perendaman NaCl yang berbeda sangat nyata pada taraf 1% (P<0.01). Pada perlakuantanpa perendaman menghasilkan rata-rata kandungan kalsium 0,90%. Adapun perlakuan padaperendaman 1 hari dengan rata-rata kandungan kalsium 0,59%. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya penurunan jumlah kadar kalsium sebanyak 0,31%. Pada hasil perlakuan selanjutnya yaitu perlakuan perendaman 3 hari dengan rata-rata kandungan kalsium 0,61% . Hal ini menunjukkan penurunan kandungan kalsium sebanyak 0,29% dari perlakuan tanpaperlakuan. Adapun perlakuan perendaman 5 hari menghasilkan rata-rata 0,52%. Hal ini menunjukkan penurunan kandungan kalsium sebanyak 0,38% dari perlakuan T0. perendaman kacang koro dengan menggunakan lama perendaman NaCl yang berpengaruh sangat nyata. Pada T0 tanpa perlakuan menghasilkan rata-rata 1,10%. Perlakuan perendaman 1 hari rata-rata kandungan fospor 0,83%, ini menunjukkan adanya penurunan jumlah kadar fospor sebanyak 0,27%. Pada hasil perlakuan selanjutnya yaitu perlakuan perendaman 3 hari dengan rata-rata kandungan kalsium 0,78%,. Hal ini menunjukkan penurunan kandungan fospor sebanyak 0,32% dari tanpaperlakuan. Adapun perlakuan perendaman 5 hari, penurunan kandungan fospor sebanyak 0,33% dari perlakuantanpaperlakuandengan nilai rata-rata kandungan fospor 0,77%.
Russian-Chinese Educational Cooperation in the Pandemic and Post-Pandemic Periods
Authors: Guruleva T. L. , Wanqi Luo 
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the research is to characterize the Russian-Chinese educational cooperation during the pandemic and post-pandemic periods, as well as to assess its future prospects. The timeframe of the study includes the period of the coronavirus pandemic (January 2020 – May 2023) and the post-pandemic period (May 2023 – June 2024). The primary research methods employed in the article are the analysis of open data sources, comparative data analysis, expert surveys, as well as techniques of synthesis, abstraction, and generalization.The study revealed several characteristics of the Russian-Chinese educational cooperation system during the studied period. The system established before the pandemic demonstrated its viability and adaptability, particularly through the utilization of video conferencing, e-learning, and distance educational technologies as main tools. At the same time, it was possible to maintain the traditional offline format of education. However, a decrease in the total number of Chinese and Russian students in both countries was observed, along with a decline in the quality of education due to the transition from offline to online learning.During this period, existing forms of cooperation continued to develop. They include the opening of new joint educational institutions, the implementation of new network university programs, expanding online learning opportunities, creating new forums and associations of universities, strengthening government support for students studying in Russia and China, opening new centers for Russian research in China, etc. Additionally, a mixed format for implementing educational cooperation projects appeared.Furthermore, we identified promising areas for further development of educational cooperation. These include the optimization of the work of the Subcommittee on Educational Cooperation, the introduction of certain concepts related to the functioning of the educational cooperation system into Russian legal practice, the establishment of joint Russian-Chinese educational institutions in Russia. Other potential development areas encompass further optimization of network universities’ activities, the establishment of a multilateral university ranking system, strengthening state support for talented Russian and Chinese students, and a significant increase in the number of individuals studying and using Chinese and Russian languages in both countries.
Evidence-Based Design Approach for Assessing Universal Competencies in Higher Education: Advantages and Features
Authors: Avdeeva S. M. , Tarasova K. V. 
Published: February 2025

The article addresses the issue of assessing universal competencies, which are becoming increasingly important given modern demands on university graduates. It emphasizes the need for valid and reliable tools to measure skills such as critical thinking, creativity, communication, and complex problem-solving. The paper presents an analysis of an evidence-based design approach, which integrates cognitive theories, innovative educational technologies, and psychometric models to achieve objective assessments of these competencies.Particular attention is given to the evidence-centered design methodology, which relies on scenario-based tasks closely reflecting real-life and professional situations. This method emphasizes constructing valid argument that link students’ observable behaviors to claims about their competence levels. The approach not only captures demonstrations of knowledge and skills in realistic contexts but also structures the instrument development process to ensure that empirical results are theoretically sound. A distinctive feature of this approach is the process of building arguments from collected evidence, differentiating it from traditional methods, which focus primarily on the statistical and psychometric properties of tests.The principles of this method are illustrated using the CT Test for assessing university students’ critical thinking, a tool with established psychometric quality, which has been piloted with over 10,000 students in Russian universities. The article argues that implementing evidence-based tools will substantially enhance the validity and reliability of competency assessments among students, making this approach a promising candidate for integration into educational practice.
The Improvement of Chemical Properties of Ultisol Soils Through the Application of Coffee Husk Compost
Authors: Lubis Umar Hadi , Hanum Hamidah , Damanik Mohd. Madjid B. 
Published: February 2025

Coffee fruit waste which reaches 50-60% of the harvest should be used as compost to improve the chemical properties of Ultisol soil. Ultisol soil has problems with low organic matter, pH, C-organic nutrients N, P as well as high Al-dd soil. This research aimed to improve the chemical properties of Ultisol soil and the growth of maize (Zea mays L.) by applying coffee husk compost. This research used a non-factorial randomized block design (RAK) consisting of 4 treatments, namely without coffee husk compost, 10 tons/ha coffee husk compost (25 g/polybag), 20 tons/ha coffee husk compost (50 g/polybag), 30 tons/ha coffee husk compost and 30 tons/ha coffee husk compost. ton/ha of coffee husk compost (75 g/polybag) and 4 replications. This research was conducted in the screen house of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra. The results showed that the application of coffee husk compost had not been able to improve pH, C-organic, P-available but could increase N-total and decrease Al-dd at a dose (30ton/ha) and could increase the growth of corn plants (Zea mays. L).