bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-Dose Radiation Yields Lower Rates of Pathologic Response in Esophageal Cancer Patients
Authors: Mantziari Styliani , Farinha Hugo Teixeira , Messier Marguerite , Winiker Michael , Allemann Pierre , Ozsahin Esat Mahmut , Demartines Nicolas , Piessen Guillaume , Schäfer Markus 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Although neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) followed by surgery is standard treatment for locally advanced esophageal or gastroesophageal junction (E/GEJ) cancer, the optimal radiation dose is still under debate.

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of different preoperative radiation doses (41.4 Gy, 45 Gy or 50.4 Gy) on pathologic response and survival in E/GEJ cancer patients.

Methods
All consecutive patients with E/GEJ tumors, treated with curative intent between January 2009 and December 2016 in two referral centers were divided into three groups (41.4 Gy, 45 Gy and 50.4 Gy) according to the dose of preoperative radiotherapy. Pathologic complete response (pCR) rates, postoperative morbidity, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared among the three groups, with separate analyses for adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Results
From the 326 patients analyzed, 48 were included in the 41.4 Gy group (14.7%), 171 in the 45 Gy group (52.5%) and 107 in the 50.4 Gy group (32.8%). Postoperative complication rates were comparable (p = 0.399). A pCR was observed in 15%, 30%, and 34% of patients in the 41.4 Gy, 45 Gy and 50.4 Gy groups, respectively (p = 0.047). A 50.4 Gy dose was independently associated with pCR (odds ratio 2.78, 95% confidence interval 1.10–7.99) in multivariate analysis. Within AC patients, pCR was observed in 6.2% of patients in the 41.4 Gy group, 29.2% of patients in the 45 Gy group, and 22.7% of patients in the 50.4 Gy group (p = 0.035). No OS or DFS differences were observed.

Conclusions
A pCR was less common after a preoperative radiation dose of 41.4 Gy in AC patients. Radiation dose had no impact on postoperative morbidity, long-term survival, and recurrence.
METHOD FOR FORMING BEHAVIORAL REACTIONS IN LABORATORY ANIMALS
Authors: Dragan Sergey P. , Veselovsky Igor A. , Komarov Dmitriy B. , Bogomolov Aleksey V. 
Published: January 2024

Background. The solution of a number of applied problems requires extrapolation of the medical and biological effects of exposure to extreme physical factors from animals on humans based on the results of experimental studies of the behavioral reactions of animals under the influence of such factors. The specificity of such studies is the need for preliminary formation of the necessary behavioral responses in a large group of laboratory animals, which requires significant time costs.
Purpose. The purpose of the study was to reduce the time of formation of behavioral reactions in laboratory animals during experimental studies.
Materials and methods. The experimental setup consists of five vertically located functionally independent identical three-beam (Y-shaped) radial labyrinths with an electric field, sensors for recording animal movements, generators of sound and light stimuli, and a control unit. The animal can move freely within all three rays. During the experiment, the time of the animal’s transition from the dangerous (starting) arm to the safe (target) arm and the number of erroneous actions performed in this case are automatically recorded. The number and duration of cycles and series of the experiment is set by software, which allows you to adjust the start time of the experiment autonomously, without the participation of the operator. To test the operability of the installation, a series of experiments was carried out to teach rats the reaction of active avoidance in the maze, white outbred mature male rats weighing 160-180 g in the amount of 50 individuals were used.
Results. At the initial stage of training (during two weeks), the rats developed a current avoidance reflex. During the first week of training, the probability of achieving the goal increased from 0.64 to 0.85. In the second week of training, the probability of achieving the goal was 0.85-0.95. In the first week of training, the average time to reach the goal (time to go to the safe sleeve) decreased from 9 to 7 s. In the second week, the time to reach the goal decreased to 5-6 s. On the second week of training, some rats began to perform the task (to avoid the action of the current) before it was turned on, that is, in less than 5 s. The number of erroneous actions in the second week also decreased. For three weeks of continuous training, 30 animals with a stable behavioral skill (probability of correct action 0.45-0.50) were selected, with a time expenditure of 4 hours per day for autonomous (without the participation of the experimenter) training.
Conclusion. The developed technology has demonstrated the possibility of effective training of a large group of animals in a relatively short period of time. A distinctive feature of the developed hardware and software complex is the possibility of implementing screening studies to study key indicators of operator functions with the possibility of autonomous operation of the experimental setup.
THE USE OF GENOTYPING TO SELECT DESIRED-TYPE ANIMALS
Authors: Surov Alexander I. , Chumachenko Svetlana N. , Omarov Arslan A. , Karpova Ekaterina D. , Evlagina Darya D. , Chernobai Evgeny N. , Efimova Nina I. , Bobryshov Sergey S. 
Published: January 2024

Modern sheep breeding should be based on the production of high quality sheep products. Knowing the limits of animal productivity potential allows to manage the breeding process in the most effective way. Applying PCR-RFLP method makes it possible to identify allelic variants of genes associated with quantitative and qualitative characteristics of animals. By identifying different polymorphic variations and their phenotypic manifestations, one can create and replenish a database for managing the genetic progression of breeding-significant traits.
The paper determines the gene polymorphism of growth hormone (GH), calpastatin (CAST) and growth differentiation factor (GDF9) of experimental animals and reflects an associative connection between the dynamics of growth and that of development of crossbred one-shear sheep of different origin (Russian meat merino ewes and imported producers). The article concludes that in order to increase sheep meat productivity, farms should give preference to animals carrying genes with the identified desired genotype on the studied polymorphisms and take into account their presence in the breeding process.
POSTULATION OF YR RESISTANCE GENES TO STRIPE RUST IN 12 COMMERCIAL WHEAT CULTIVARS OF RUSSIAN BREEDING
Authors: Matveeva Irina P. , Volkova Galina V. , Kim Yury S. , Yakhnik Yana V. 
Published: January 2024

Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) is a common wheat disease of economic importance in all world wheat production regions. In most of the regions stripe rust causes yield losses of 10-70 %, depending on the time infection occur, host susceptibility, disease development, and the duration of the epidemics. In South Russia even in unfavourable conditions for the pathogen, stripe rust occurred in the region every year, and in some areas there are foci of the disease with of up to 50% severity.
Phytopathological testing is one of the least expensive and most effective methods for the rapid identification of juvenile resistance genes in varieties against pathogens. It allows to obtain detailed information about the genetics of the host and pathogen in a short time. In the research Yr resistant genes and its combinations were postulated in winter wheat varieties of Russian breeding to North-Caucasus population of stripe rust by this method.
Purpose of this study was identification of known stripe rust resistance genes in 12 commercial winter wheat cultivars by phytopathological testing.
Material and methods: The postulation of known resistance genes was carried out in a greenhouse complex (seedling stage) and at the research station (adult plant stage) of the Laboratory of Plant Immunity to Diseases of the Federal Scientific Center for Biological Plant Protection (Krasnodar).
For postulation, we chose the method by Dubin et al. (1989), based on the comparison of response types of differential cultivars and studied varieties to Pst isolates.
Results. In 10 out of 12 winter wheat varieties of Russian breeding, 13 stripe rust resistance genes and their combinations were postulated.: Yr3, Yr3a, Yr6, Yr32, Yr2+6, Yr2+9, Yr39+Alp, Yr4+12, Yr4b, Yr3a+4a+H46, YrA, YrSp, YrSU. The following resistance genes have not been identified: Yr2, Yr5, Yr10, Yr10+Mor, Yr24, Yr27, Yr25+32, since no isolates virulent to carriers of these genes were isolated from the North Caucasian population of P. striiformis; and they are highly effective against this population. Highly effective (Yr3, Yr2+9, Yr3a, Yr4+12, Yr3a+4a+H46) resistance genes were identified in the Kurs, Morozko, and Step’ varieties. We note a combination of effective Yr2+6 genes in the Gurt variety.
In field conditions, high resistance (degree of damage up to 10%) to the North Caucasian population of the stripe rust pathogen was shown by lines and differential cultivars containing the following resistance genes: Yr2, Yr3, Yr8, Yr10, Yr24, Yr25, Yr27, Yr10+Mor, Yr3a, Yr25+32, Yr3a+4a+H46, Yr3с+Min, Yr4+12, Yr7+25, Yr8+19, 8+6+25, YrSp. Due to the low degree of damage, these genes and their combinations are classified as highly effective and can be involved in the breeding process to create new resistant varieties. Varieties containing these genes can also be recommended for breeders and used in production for effective disease control.
CENOTIC ROLE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN ABIES SIBIRICA LEDEB. STANDS IN THE SOUTH CENTRAL SIBERIA
Authors: Melnichenko Natalia P. , Tatarintsev Andrey I. 
Published: January 2024

Background. Degradation of Abies sibirica Ledeb.-dominated forests in the South Central Siberia is a reflection of the global trend of coniferous forest ecosystems decline. Nevertheless, the role of infectious diseases in coniferous forests degradation and dieback is often underestimated.
Research aim. To assess the coenotic role of infectious diseases in fir-dominated stands in the South Central Siberia, considering the differentiation in trees.
Materials and methods. The research was based on a survey of A. sibirica-dominated forest stands growing in Biryusinsky forest management unit of the Krasnoyarsk Krai government-owned publicly funded “Emelyanovskoye forestry”. Research methods included a detailed (instrumental) forest pathological examination, macroscopic diagnostics of tree diseases, graph analytics and statistical analysis of tree diameter distribution series, evaluation of disease manifestation indicators.
Results. Stem rot and fir broom rust are typical diseases increasing the risk of windsnap and trees weakening. The prevalence of fir broom rust was over 10%. Rust fungus intermediate hosts in the forest floor determine the degree of damage to a stand. Fir broom rust randomly affected trees of different age and diameters. The bacterial blight in fir forests mainly affected trees of I-II Kraft classes causing their gradual dying. The bacterial blight in the study area was of low infection degree (up to 20%). The most dangerous was the root rot caused by Armillaria mellea s.l. that affected trees of different cenotic roles causing their group dieback.
Conclusion. Dendropathogenic organisms are an important endogenous factor influencing the state of dark coniferous forests with a predominance of A. sibirica in the South Central Siberia. Their cenotic role is unequal. The most significant are pathogens causing necrosis and cancer diseases, and especially the root pathogen A. mellea, which leads to weakening and dying of a large number of trees of different status in the stand structure.
EPIZOOTIC SITUATION OF HEMOPARASITIC DISEASES OF FARM ANIMALS IN IRKUTSK REGION
Authors: Suntsova Olga V. , Rar Vera A. , Lisak Oksana V. , Meltsov Ivan V. , Doroshchenko Elena K. , Savinova Yulia S. , Tikunov Artyom Yu. , Kozlova Irina V. 
Published: January 2024

Background. Cattle anaplasmosis and babesiosis and theileriosis of horses are a group of natural focal vector-borne diseases that cause significant economic damage to livestock and horse breeding around the world. On the territory of the Baikal region these diseases and their pathogens remain little explored.
Purpose – to study the epizootic situation of blood-parasitic diseases of farm animals in the Irkutsk region, to establish the species affiliation of the identified pathogens and their genetic diversity.
Materials and methods. For the presence of Babesia spp./Theileria spp. and Anaplasma spp. has been researched659 horse blood samples, 579 sheep blood samples, 25 goat blood samples and 647 cattle blood samples. For the detection of babesia and theileria, nested two-round PCR with primers from the 18S rRNA gene region was used, and for the detection of anaplasma DNA with primers from the 16S rRNA gene region. For study the genetic diversity of the identified pathogens, selective sequencing of samples was carried out with subsequent phylogenetic analysis.
Results. The DNA of Anaplasma spp. was detected in blood samples of small ruminants from 12 districts of the region. The infection rate of sheep and goats was 68.7±1.9% and 68%±9.3%, respectively. Nucleotide sequences of the 16S rRNA gene fragment were determined in 68 A. ovis samples from the blood of sheep and goats. The researched sequences were conservative for the studied gene and differed from each other in two heterozygous sites of the gene(T/C and G/A nucleotide substitutions).They corresponded to the sequences of the prototype strain Haibei (CP015994), as well as to the A. ovis sequences previously found in the blood of sheep from Altai (Russia) and Mongolia, deer and D. niveus and D. nuttalli ticks from China.
DNA of Babesia spp./Theileria spp. found in blood samples of horses from 13 districts of the region. The average infection of horses was 64.2%±1.9%. Two etiological agents of equine piroplasmosis were found in the blood of the examined horses: T. equi (genetic groups A and E) and B. caballi. Definite sequences of the B. caballi 18S rRNA gene (700–1146 bp) were identical to each other and differed by at least ten substitutions and one deletion from the sequences available in the GenBank database. However, the greatest similarity was observed with B. caballi sequences found in the blood of a horse from Brazil (KY952238), ticks from Kazakhstan (MN907451) and China (MN173021).
The results indicate that DNA of Anaplasma and Babesia in the blood of cattle have not been identified.
Conclusion: The data received evidence a wide distribution of foci of small cattle anaplasmosis and piroplasmosis of horses in the Irkutsk region and the need to continue monitoring their epizootic condition.
SMALL MOLECULES IN BACTERIAL LUMINESCENCE INHIBITION TEST
Authors: Shoshin Daniil E. , Atlanderova Ksenia N. , Duskaev Galimzhan K. , Sizova Elena A. 
Published: January 2024

Background. The rejection of antibiotics in animal husbandry encourages the search for new more effective alternatives, one of which is phytochemicals – small molecules with pronounced bioactive effect.
Materials and methods. The article discusses the physiological properties of quercetin, 7-hydroxycoumarin, vanillin, trans-cinnamon aldehyde, as active substances from extracts of some plants. Their biological certification was carried out in the bacterial luminescence inhibition test using a recombinant strain of Escherichia coli K12 TG1 in comparison with the antibiotic drug tetracycline.
Results. Effective concentrations of quercetin, 7-hydroxycoumarin, vanillin, trans-cinnamic aldehyde, suppressing 80, 50 and 20 % luminescence in two media – H2O and scar fluid, respectively, have been established. 9,8×10-4; 4,9×10-4; 6,1×10-5 mol/l for trans-cinnamon aldehyde; 3.9×10-3; 1.9×10-3; 4.9×10-4 mol/l for vanillin; 2,5×10-1; 1,2×10-1; 9,8×10-4 mol/l for quercetin dihydrate; 1,6×10-2; 9,8×10-4; 4,9×10-4 mol/l for 7-hydroxycoumarin.
Conclusion. Trans-cinnamon aldehyde, vanillin, 7-hydroxycoumarin and quercetin have a pronounced bactericidal or bacteriostatic effect and can be used as an alternative to antibiotic preparations in feeding farm animals, including cattle. In particular, synergistically increasing suppression of the bacterial strain is observed in the environment of the scar content.
STATISTICAL DEPENDENCIES OF INDICATORS OF PHYSICAL WELL-BEING OF THE POPULATION OF A BIOSPHERE-COMPATIBLE CITY
Authors: Ilyichev Vyacheslav A. , Bakaeva Natalia V. , Gordon Vladimir A. , Afonina Marina I. , Kormina Aleksandra A. 
Published: January 2024

Background. In the near future, one should ensure a radical increase in the comfort of the urban environment and its quality index and reduce the number of cities with unfavorable living environments. The deterioration of the ecological situation in many cities poses the task of developing new principles of urban life that regulate the biosphere compatibility of cities and the development of human capital.
Purpose. The research aimed to identify the statistical regularities of the population’s livelihoods in residential areas of Russian cities, depending on the functional and spatial organization of these areas.
Materials and Methods. The theoretical basis of the research is the paradigm of the livelihoods of bio spherically compatible cities and settlements that develop humans and its following principles: (1) assessment of physical well-being and progress in human development in the city, (2) satisfaction of rational human needs with city functions, (3) implementation of social standards in public relations.
The practical methods used to solve the scientific problem were the methods of correlation and regression analysis, used to identify statistical dependencies in various municipal entities, mainly in large cities in Russia with high population density.
Results. Statistical data on the level of the population’s livelihood environment and the results of providing social infrastructure objects in the process of implementing public urban functions in 17 residential micro-districts in 15 cities were analyzed. Based on the obtained data, a type of regression model was chosen, and its parameters were numerically evaluated.
Conclusion. The identified statistical regularities can serve as a characteristic of the physical well-being of the population and be the subject of further scientific discussion of the multifactorial processes of livelihoods in a biospherically compatible city to achieve indicators of its comfort and safety.
SYNESTHETIC METAPHOR IN MEDICAL DISCOURSE
Authors: Makarova Olga V. , Khvoshch Raisa N. , Morozova Tatiana A. 
Published: January 2024

Purpose. The aim is to consider the issue of medical synesthesia in professional discourse. Thinking syncretism of doctors is manifested in polymodal perception of the information about the patient condition, who, in turn, while describing pain or worries about illness also relies on the system of sensory perception.
Materials and methods. The material of the study is about 200 terms and terminological combinations taken by the continuous sampling method from the speech of doctors. The following methods are applied: survey of 10 residents and doctors, high-quality processing of the obtained data, differential analysis of synesthetic models, compiling a glossary, semantic and functional analyses of terminological combinations.
Results. During the study the mechanism of synesthesia formation is described, its cognitive analysis indicates the relationship of the subject’s perception system, their thinking and language. Actualization of synesthetic metaphors in medical discourse is determined by the subject’s perception integrity property: categorization of information is carried out on the basis of various modality sensations (temperature, pain, tactile, gustatory, and auditory) in combination.
Among figurative expressions in medical speech, it is possible to distinguish synesthetic metaphors nominating diagnosis (cheesy pneumonia, ringworm), symptom of the disease (soft heart murmurs, tapping symptom, apple jelly symptom) or metaphors describing the patient pain nature and being regularly reproduced terminological expressions (buzzing feet, cutting pains, bursting, pulling, constricting, throbbing pain).
The glossary of terminological combinations presented contains nominations of synesthetic nature which are relevant for a number of key medicine branches: dermatology, gynecology, rheumatology, otorhinolaryngology, neurology, endocrinology and diseases of the urinary and hepatic systems. It is revealed that in medical discourse the tactile-painful type of synesthetic transfer prevails.
The communication status study of synesthetic metaphors in medical discourse is connected with their identification in the doctor’s lexicon.
Resveratrol - its properties, occurrence and health benefits
Authors: Jabłońska Wiktoria , Wardęszkiewicz Marta , Kasprzak Amelia , Markowiak Szymon , Świercz Maciej , Kubisz Magdalena , Mańkowska Aleksandra , Truchta Monika , Pejas Anna , Kolano Agata 
Published: January 2024

Introduction and purpose: Wine ingredients relevant to health are polyphenols, which are divided into flavonoids and non-flavonoids. Resveratrol is a non-flavonoid component of wine widely known for its health-promoting properties. This article will discuss its chemical structure, synthesis, metabolism, occurrence in nature and impact on human health.
Review methods: The purpose of this article was to assemble and analyse the available data about resveratrol. The search of articles in Pubmed database was carried out using following keywords: “wine”, “resveratrol”, “polyphenols”, “alcohol”. Inclusion criteria: indexed in Pubmed database, published in last 10 years. Exclusion criteria: Case reports, studies in language other than English, studies that seemed to be biased.
Descripiton of the state of knowledge: Resveratrol has a wide range of health-promoting effects. It inhibits some stages of platelet activation by reducing the synthesis of thromboxane A2 and their aggregation caused by agonists i.e. collagen, ADP, cathepsin G or thrombin. Furthermore, it causes a reduction in blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels, increases insulin sensitivity and potentially has protective effect on pancreatic cells. It lowers total plasma cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins levels while increasing insulin sensitivity and high-density lipoproteins level. In addition to this, it has neuroprotective, anti-tumour and anti-angiogenic effect proven in specific types of cancer.
Summary: Resveratrol is said to improve the therapeutic outcome in patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases, diabetes type 2, Alzheimer's disease, other neurodegeneration diseases and in certain cancers. Nevertheless, the issue of resveratrol's effect on the human body requires further research.