bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two Random Forest Models for the Non‐Iterative Parametrization of Surface‐Layer Turbulent Fluxes
Authors: Yu Yingxin , Gao Chloe Yuchao , Li Yubin , Gao Zhiqiu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study investigated two random forest (RF) models for the non‐iterative parametrization of surface‐layer turbulent fluxes: (a) the RF scheme, a calculation model that is directly trained using correlated variables, and (b) the RF_Li10 scheme, a random forest correction model based on the Li10 scheme (Li et al., 2010, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-010-9523-y). A comparison between these two new models and the Li10 scheme against an iterative scheme revealed the hierarchy of maximum relative errors in estimating stability parameters, as well as momentum and heat transfer coefficients. This hierarchy is as follows: the Li10 scheme is the greatest, followed by the RF scheme, with the RF_Li10 scheme exhibiting the least errors.
ENSO‐Related Fire Weather Changes in Southeast and Equatorial Asia: A Quantitative Evaluation Using Fire Weather Index
Authors: Zheng Huiyang , Xue Lian , Ding Ke , Lou Sijia , Wang Zilin , Ding Aijun , Huang Xin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInterannual variability of tropical fire activity has been linked to the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Here we analyze changes in fire and simultaneous fire weather related to ENSO over Southeast (SEAS) and Equatorial Asia (EQAS) and quantitively evaluate the contribution of key meteorological variables to the fire weather variations for the past decades. During the fire seasons, large increases in fires emerge in El Niño years, which greatly coincides with the more fire‐susceptible weather conditions compared to La Niña years. Moreover, the fires exhibit a more significant correlation with the ENSO index in El Niño years, mainly due to the influence of asymmetry response of the fire weather to ENSO. Composite analysis shows that it is the positive anomalous low‐level geopotential height and less water vapor transportation over SEAS (March–May) and EQAS (August–October) during El Niño that forms the fire‐favoring weather. By conducting tests in calculating fire weather index (FWI) under different ideal conditions, we identified the daily precipitation as the dominant driver of FWI variation, with the contribution reaching 65.5%–77.5% and 60.9%–90.5% for SEAS and EQAS respectively, while decreased relative humidity induces nearly a quarter of increases in FWI in El Niño years. Changes in temperature and wind speed, however, rarely perturb the fire weather for both SEAS and EQAS regions. The quantitative evaluations of individual meteorological variables in shaping fire weather as well as their asymmetrical response in ENSO years could support fire management during fire seasons in Tropical Asia.
Single-cell analysis of immune recognition in chronic myeloid leukemia patients following tyrosine kinase inhibitor discontinuation
Authors: Huuhtanen Jani , Adnan-Awad Shady , Theodoropoulos Jason , Forstén Sofia , Warfvinge Rebecca , Dufva Olli , Bouhlal Jonas , Dhapola Parashar , Duàn Hanna , Laajala Essi , Kasanen Tiina , Klievink Jay , Ilander Mette , Jaatinen Taina , Olsson-Strömberg Ulla , Hjorth-Hansen Henrik , Burchert Andreas , Karlsson Göran , Kreutzman Anna , Lähdesmäki Harri , Mustjoki Satu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractImmunological control of residual leukemia cells is thought to occur in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) that maintain treatment-free remission (TFR) following tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) discontinuation. To study this, we analyzed 55 single-cell RNA and T cell receptor (TCR) sequenced samples (scRNA+TCRαβ-seq) from patients with CML (n = 13, N = 25), other cancers (n = 28), and healthy (n = 7). The high number and active phenotype of natural killer (NK) cells in CML separated them from healthy and other cancers. Most NK cells in CML belonged to the active CD56dim cluster with high expression of GZMA/B, PRF1, CCL3/4, and IFNG, with interactions with leukemic cells via inhibitory LGALS9–TIM3 and PVR–TIGIT interactions. Accordingly, upregulation of LGALS9 was observed in CML target cells and TIM3 in NK cells when co-cultured together. Additionally, we created a classifier to identify TCRs targeting leukemia-associated antigen PR1 and quantified anti-PR1 T cells in 90 CML and 786 healthy TCRβ-sequenced samples. Anti-PR1 T cells were more prevalent in CML, enriched in bone marrow samples, and enriched in the mature, cytotoxic CD8 + TEMRA cluster, especially in a patient maintaining TFR. Our results highlight the role of NK cells and anti-PR1 T cells in anti-leukemic immune responses in CML.
Distributional labour challenges and opportunities for decarbonizing the US power system
Authors: Xie Judy Jingwei , Martin Melissa , Rogelj Joeri , Staffell Iain 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe transition towards a low-carbon power system presents challenges and opportunities for the workforce with important implications for just transitions. Studies of these distributional labour impacts could benefit from tighter linkages between energy and employment modelling. Here, we couple a power-sector optimization model, an employment impact model and demographic databases to understand state-level job characteristics and the societal implications of low-carbon transitions in the US. Although decarbonization brings consistent job growth, it heightens the need for investment in human capital and supply chain restructuring. Major fossil fuel-producing states need to prepare for fewer mining jobs under the US Long-Term Strategy, so other opportunities should be created or seized. The lowest-skilled workers will experience more uncertain employment outcomes. Expanding renewable energy could improve opportunities for women in fossil fuel-dependent states, but not enough to disrupt the national gender status quo. This work provides a new quantitative perspective to inform proactive just transition policies.
A high-throughput and low-waste viability assay for microbes
Authors: Meyer Christian T. , Lynch Grace K. , Stamo Dana F. , Miller Eugene J. , Chatterjee Anushree , Kralj Joel M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCounting viable cells is a universal practice in microbiology. The colony-forming unit (CFU) assay has remained the gold standard to measure viability across disciplines, but it is time-intensive and resource-consuming. Here we describe the geometric viability assay (GVA) that replicates CFU measurements over 6 orders of magnitude while reducing over 10-fold the time and consumables required. GVA computes a sample’s viable cell count on the basis of the distribution of embedded colonies growing inside a pipette tip. GVA is compatible with Gram-positive and Gram-negative planktonic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis), biofilms and fungi (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Laborious CFU experiments such as checkerboard assays, treatment time-courses and drug screens against slow-growing cells are simplified by GVA. The ease and low cost of GVA evinces that it can replace existing viability assays and enable viability measurements at previously impractical scales.
Profiling mitochondria-polyribosome lncRNAs associated with pluripotency
Authors: Zhou Lei , Li Hui , Sun Tingge , Wen Xue , Niu Chao , Li Min , Li Wei , Esteban Miguel A. , Hoffman Andrew R. , Hu Ji-Fan , Cui Jiuwei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPluripotent stem cells (PSCs) provide unlimited resources for regenerative medicine because of their potential for self-renewal and differentiation into many different cell types. The pluripotency of these PSCs is dynamically regulated at multiple cellular organelle levels. To delineate the factors that coordinate this inter-organelle crosstalk, we profiled those long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that may participate in the regulation of multiple cellular organelles in PSCs. We have developed a unique strand-specific RNA-seq dataset of lncRNAs that may interact with mitochondria (mtlncRNAs) and polyribosomes (prlncRNAs). Among the lncRNAs differentially expressed between induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), fibroblasts, and positive control H9 human embryonic stem cells, we identified 11 prlncRNAs related to stem cell reprogramming and exit from pluripotency. In conjunction with the total RNA-seq data, this dataset provides a valuable resource to examine the role of lncRNAs in pluripotency, particularly for studies investigating the inter-organelle crosstalk network involved in germ cell development and human reproduction.
Smoking and salivary microbiota: a cross-sectional analysis of an Italian alpine population
Authors: Antonello Giacomo , Blostein Freida , Bhaumik Deesha , Davis Elyse , Gögele Martin , Melotti Roberto , Pramstaller Peter , Pattaro Cristian , Segata Nicola , Foxman Betsy , Fuchsberger Christian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe oral microbiota plays an important role in the exogenous nitrate reduction pathway and is associated with heart and periodontal disease and cigarette smoking. We describe smoking-related changes in oral microbiota composition and resulting potential metabolic pathway changes that may explain smoking-related changes in disease risk. We analyzed health information and salivary microbiota composition among 1601 Cooperative Health Research in South Tyrol participants collected 2017–2018. Salivary microbiota taxa were assigned from amplicon sequences of the 16S-V4 rRNA and used to describe microbiota composition and predict metabolic pathways. Aerobic taxa relative abundance decreased with daily smoking intensity and increased with years since cessation, as did inferred nitrate reduction. Former smokers tended to be more similar to Never smokers than to Current smokers, especially those who had quit for longer than 5 years. Cigarette smoking has a consistent, generalizable association on oral microbiota composition and predicted metabolic pathways, some of which associate in a dose-dependent fashion. Smokers who quit for longer than 5 years tend to have salivary microbiota profiles comparable to never smokers.
Influence of magnetic field on MHD mixed convection in lid-driven cavity with heated wavy bottom surface
Authors: Mahmuda Maya Mst. Umme , Alam Md. Nur , Refaie Ali Ahmed 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of a rectangular heat source on magnetohydrodynamic hybrid convection flow in a lid-driven cavity. The effects of various parameters, such as the heat source size, magnetic field strength, and heat absorption/generation, are analyzed. The results show that increasing the heat source size decreases the average Nusselt number along the heated wall. The average Nusselt number also decreases with higher magnetic field strength and heat generation, while it increases with heat absorption. The major finding is to apply an important technique the Galerkin weighted residual technique of the finite element (FE) method to solve the non-dimensional equations and the associated boundary conditions. The isotherms are used to show the temperature distribution in a domain. Streamline present the flow field in the enclosure. However, it is easy to realize the direction and intensity of the heat transfer particularly in convection problems which the path of heat flux is perpendicular and the isotherm due to convection effect. Thus, the purpose of this research is to study the results of mixed convection. The effects of location and height of the partitions are considered for the various Richardson numbers. Fluid flow field, thermal field and heat transfer are presented through the streamlines and isotherms, respectively. Results are substantiated relating to the published work.
Angiogenic potential of skeletal muscle derived extracellular vesicles differs between oxidative and glycolytic muscle tissue in mice
Authors: Kargl Christopher K. , Jia Zhihao , Shera Deborah A. , Sullivan Brian P. , Burton Lundon C. , Kim Kun Ho , Nie Yaohui , Hubal Monica J. , Shannahan Jonathan H. , Kuang Shihuan , Gavin Timothy P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSkeletal muscle fibers regulate surrounding endothelial cells (EC) via secretion of numerous angiogenic factors, including extracellular vesicles (SkM-EV). Muscle fibers are broadly classified as oxidative (OXI) or glycolytic (GLY) depending on their metabolic characteristics. OXI fibers secrete more pro-angiogenic factors and have greater capillary densities than GLY fibers. OXI muscle secretes more EV than GLY, however it is unknown whether muscle metabolic characteristics regulate EV contents and signaling potential. EVs were isolated from primarily oxidative or glycolytic muscle tissue from mice. MicroRNA (miR) contents were determined and endothelial cells were treated with OXI- and GLY-EV to investigate angiogenic signaling potential. There were considerable differences in miR contents between OXI- and GLY-EV and pathway analysis identified that OXI-EV miR were predicted to positively regulate multiple endothelial-specific pathways, compared to GLY-EV. OXI-EV improved in vitro angiogenesis, which may have been mediated through nitric oxide synthase (NOS) related pathways, as treatment of endothelial cells with a non-selective NOS inhibitor abolished the angiogenic benefits of OXI-EV. This is the first report to show widespread differences in miR contents between SkM-EV isolated from metabolically different muscle tissue and the first to demonstrate that oxidative muscle tissue secretes EV with greater angiogenic signaling potential than glycolytic muscle tissue.
Daeshiho-tang attenuates inflammatory response and oxidative stress in LPS-stimulated macrophages by regulating TLR4/MyD88, NF-κB, MAPK, and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways
Authors: Oh Yong Jin , Jin Seong Eun , Shin Hyeun-Kyoo , Ha Hyekyung 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDaeshiho-tang (DSHT), a traditional herbal formula with diverse pharmacological effects, has shown promise in medicine owing to its anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the precise molecular mechanism underlying these effects remains unclear. Thus, we investigated the effect of DSHT on inflammatory response and oxidative stress to understand its molecular mechanism using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage (RAW 264.7) cells. DSHT decreased the contents of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) through downregulating inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expressions. DSHT suppressed the LPS-induced TLR4 as well as MyD88, subsequently suppressing the NF-κB activation and the phosphorylation of MAPK (p38, ERK, and JNK). Radical scavenging activity results revealed a dose-dependent response of DSHT with diminished ABTS activity, a hallmark of oxidative stress potential. Furthermore, DSHT enhanced Nrf2 and HO-1 expression in response to LPS. Collectively, our findings indicated that DSHT exert anti-inflammatory effect and regulating oxidative stress by modulating TLR4/MyD88, NF-κB, MAPK, and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways, consequently can provide potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of inflammation and oxidative stress-related diseases.
The study of tryptophol containing emulgel on fungal reduction and skin irritation
Authors: Kitisin Thitinan , Muangkaew Watcharamat , Thitipramote Natthawut , Pudgerd Arnon , Sukphopetch Passanesh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTryptophol (TOH), a fungal quorum-sensing molecule, that possesses anti-fungal activities for controlling the growth of human pathogenic fungi. In the present study, we developed TOH-containing emulgel formulations and examined the antifungal activities and potential use as topical treatments on the skin. The results showed that TOH-containing emulgel at 1000 μM has excellent physical characteristics as homogenous, stability, and inhibits the growth of 30 species of human pathogenic fungi in vitro. TOH-containing emulgel did not cause skin irritation in mouse model of irritation and in healthy human volunteers. Moreover, an increase in skin hydration and a decrease in trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) were observed after TOH-containing emulgel treatment on human skin. Our findings indicated that TOH-containing emulgel can be utilize as an antifungal agent for topical treatment against fungal infections on the skin.
Longitudinal anatomical and visual outcome of macular telangiectasia type 2 in Asian patients
Authors: Totsuka Kiyoto , Aoki Shuichiro , Arai Takahiro , Kitamoto Kodai , Azuma Keiko , Fujino Ryosuke , Inoue Tatsuya , Obata Ryo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLimited information regarding the anatomical and visual prognosis of macular telangiectasia (MacTel) type 2 in the Asian population is currently available. Herein, we conducted a retrospective longitudinal analysis of Japanese patients diagnosed with MacTel type 2. Disease progression was evaluated using the Simple MacTel Classification developed by Chew EY et al. in 2023, and its association with visual changes was analyzed. Sixteen eyes of eight Japanese patients were included in the study, with an average follow-up period of 8.2 ± 3.9 years (range, 2.2–14.0). At the initial visit, 7 (44%) and 5 (31%) eyes were classified as Grade 2 (central ellipsoid zone break) and Grade 3 (noncentral pigment), respectively. The proportion of eyes that progressed by 1 or 2-steps in grade after 1, 3, 5, 8, and 12 years was 0%, 14%, 43%, 70%, and 100%, or 0%, 7%, 7%, 30%, and 75%, respectively. The visual acuity significantly deteriorated during the follow-up period, particularly in the two eyes with full-thickness macular holes (FTMH). Three out of 7 patients exhibited low serum serine concentrations, although no apparent correlation with anatomical or visual outcomes was observed. Overall, this cohort demonstrated chronic disease progression, both anatomically and functionally, in eyes with MacTel type 2, with FTMH potentially associated with greater visual loss.
Water quality footprint of agricultural emissions of nitrogen, phosphorus and glyphosate associated with German bioeconomy
Authors: Schomberg Anna C. , Bringezu Stefan , Beusen Arthur W. H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFertiliser and pesticide application can cause extensive environmental damage. We use the water quality footprint to express nitrogen, phosphorus and glyphosate emissions from agriculture in volumes of water needed to virtually dilute pollution and apply the approach to agricultural imports for the German bioeconomy in 1995 and 2020. In total, the virtual German water quality footprint corresponds to 90 times the volume of Lake Constance. If water pollution had to be eliminated by dilution in export countries supplying Germany, volumes would be by a median of 300 times higher than the associated irrigation volumes there and could exceed natural water availability. Important and growing hotspots of clean water scarcity are China, Spain and India. The impact of German agricultural supply chains needs to be monitored with regard to the sustainability of national consumption and to the effectiveness of increasing fertiliser and pesticide use, especially in African, Asian and Pacific countries.
Recognition of atomic-level difference in porphyrin dyads for self-sorted supramolecular polymer growth
Authors: Lee Hosoowi , Lee Minhyeong , Hwang Jun Ho , Kim Inhye , Lee Eunji , Jang Woo-Dong 
Published: November 2023

Porphyrin dyads (PDMs; M = Zn and Cu) composed of diphenylporphyrin and tetraphenylporphyrin units, designated as DPDMs and TPDMs, respectively, exhibited remarkable differences in the molecular assemblies depending on the coordination metal ion.
Synthesis of 3-CF3-4-acyl-substituted quinoline derivatives via a cascade reaction of nitrosoarenes and β-CF3-1,3-enynes
Authors: Li Wenhui , Huang Shuangping , Liu Qiang , Li Xing , Chen Wenwen 
Published: November 2023

A tandem strategy for the construction of an array of 3-CF3-4-acyl functionalized quinolines via a sequential formation of C−N, C−O and C−C bonds has been described from nitrosoarenes and β-CF3-1,3-enynes as starting materials.
Demand response‐based autonomous voltage control for transmission and active distribution networks using modified partially observed Markov decision process model
Authors: Gu Yaru , Huang Xueliang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo fully utilize the voltage regulation capacity and interaction characteristics of the Transmission and Distribution (T&D) system, a novel Modified Partially Observed Markov Decision Process (MPOMDP)‐based Reinforcement Learning (RL) scheme for Autonomous Voltage Control is proposed, which incorporates Demand Response (DR) and cooperation with the Transmission Network . The proposed scheme consists of two vital components: an MPOMDP block and a Modified Asynchronous Advantage Actor‐Critic‐based RL block. The MPOMDP block innovatively exploits the confidence interval of the observed state to make a better perception of the precise system state by introducing two new probability vectors. Then the MPOMDP block is fed into the underlying architecture of the RL block for asynchronously capturing features and optimal decision‐making, where the solving framework additionally brings in a public data buffer to realize boundary information sharing. Case studies are conducted on a modified T&D system considering N‐1 contingencies, with a training dataset from a district in Suzhou, China. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieve significant voltage optimization while ensuring fast convergence speed.
MCAGCN: Multi‐component attention graph convolutional neural network for road travel time prediction
Authors: Zhao Zhihua , Chao Li , Zhang Xue , Xie Nengfu , Zeng Qingtian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWith the development of intelligent transportation technology, road travel time prediction has become an important research direction. Owing to the complex periodic dependence and non‐linear features of road travel time series, achieving accurate and effective predictions remains a challenging task. Most existing traffic sequence prediction methods lack modelling of the dynamic correlation between multiple period information, resulting in unsatisfactory prediction results. To address this, a multi‐component attention graph convolutional network (MCAGCN) is proposed for road travel time prediction. First, the spatial‐temporal features of three historical components (hourly, daily and weekly) are modelled individually. A skip attention layer is then used to fuse multi‐scale spatial‐temporal features to enhance the model's feature extraction capabilities. Secondly, a component attention layer is proposed to calculate the correlation between different components using the temporal features of the prediction moment, to achieve dynamic modelling between different period information. The experimental results on the Tianchi, METR‐LA, and PeMS‐BAY datasets, which are real‐world traffic forecasting datasets, demonstrate the superiority of MCAGCN.