bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the anterior dentoalveolar relationship in skeletal Class III malocclusion patients with different vertical facial patterns using cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Han Shaobo , Fan Xiangfei , Xiao Danna 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo measure and compare labiolingual inclinations of the teeth and alveolar bone and the anterior dentoalveolar inclination in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusions with different vertical facial patterns using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Materials and MethodsBased on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 84 CBCT images of patients with untreated skeletal Class III malocclusion were selected. There were 28 patients each in the hypo-, normo-, and hyperdivergent groups. The labiolingual inclinations of the teeth, the corresponding alveolar bone, and the anterior dentoalveolar inclinations were measured and analyzed statistically.ResultsThe inclinations of the mandibular canine and corresponding alveolar bone were smaller in the hypodivergent group than in the hyperdivergent group. The inclination of the alveolar bone and the maxillary dentoalveolar inclination were smaller in the hyperdivergent group than in the hypodivergent group.ConclusionsThere were differences in the inclination of the teeth, corresponding alveolar bone, and dentoalveolar inclinations at different positions among skeletal Class III patients with different vertical facial patterns. The roots were generally located on the labial side of the alveolar bone.
Kidney Disease in Women With Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Register-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Christensen Maria Hornstrup , Bistrup Claus , Rubin Katrine Hass , Nohr Ellen Aagaard , Vinter Christina Anne , Andersen Marianne Skovsager , Möller Sören , Jensen Dorte Moeller 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE
The association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and incident kidney disease, the mediating effects of diabetes and hypertension, and the impact of severity of metabolic dysfunction during pregnancy on the risk of incident kidney disease were investigated in this study.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This Danish, nationwide, register-based cohort study included all women giving birth between 1997 and 2018. Outcomes included chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney disease, based on diagnosis codes. Cox regression analyses explored the association between GDM and kidney disease. A proxy for severity of metabolic dysfunction during pregnancy was based on GDM diagnosis and insulin treatment during GDM in pregnancy and was included in the models as an interaction term. The mediating effects of subsequent diabetes and hypertension prior to kidney disease were quantified using mediation analyses.

RESULTS
Data from 697,622 women were used. Median follow-up was 11.9 years. GDM was associated with higher risk of CKD (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.92; 95% CI 1.67–2.21), whereas acute kidney disease was unrelated to GDM. The proportions of indirect effects of diabetes and hypertension on the association between GDM and CKD were 75.7% (95% CI 61.8–89.6) and 30.3% (95% CI 25.2–35.4), respectively, as assessed by mediation analyses. The CKD risk was significantly increased in women with insulin-treated GDM and no subsequent diabetes compared with women without GDM (aHR 2.35; 95% CI 1.39–3.97).

CONCLUSIONS
The risk of CKD was significantly elevated after GDM irrespective of subsequent development of diabetes and hypertension. Furthermore, women with severe metabolic dysfunction during pregnancy had the highest CKD risk.
Antioxidant Status in the Blood of Psychosocially Stressed Rats Treated with Honey
Authors: Gavrilović Ljubica , Stojiljković Vesna , Stanić Vojislav , Jovanović Dragoljub , Pejić Snežana , Borović Branka , Pajović Snežana B. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Linden honey represents a unique honey variety valued for its nutritional benefits, distinctive taste and aroma. Phenols, polyphenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid and phenolic acids in honey have antioxidant activities. This study aimed to investigate the effects of linden honey on the activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), as well as on the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in individually housed animals. The investigated parameters were quantified using spectrophotometric method for determination of enzyme activities and MDA concentration in the blood. We found that treatment with linden honey in the socially isolated animals significantly increased the enzyme activities of CAT and GPx, and significantly decreased the concentration of MDA. The modulation of CAT and GPx activities in socially isolated animals treated with linden honey may be very important for understanding the role of honey in the capacity of antioxidant defense system to increase and maintain its stability in psychosocial stress conditions. Our results may be important in biomedical research for understanding the role of honey in the amelioration of oxidative stress.
Clinical effects associated with miniscrews used as orthodontic anchorage
Authors: Kokitsawat Sulainee , Manosudprasit Montien , Godfrey Keith , Chatchaiwiwattana Charunee 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
To measure the clinical effects associated with miniscrew anchorage used to retract the upper anterior teeth, specifically the positional changes associated with the miniscrews, the upper anterior teeth and the first upper molars.

Methods
This clinical trial included 13 patients. After orthodontic alignment, miniscrews were inserted in the maxillary zygomatic buttresses as anchorage for en masse retraction of the upper anterior teeth. Following premolar extractions, nickeltitanium closed coil springs, stretched between the miniscrews and upper archwire, were used for retraction. Three-dimensional changes in the upper anterior teeth, the upper first molars and the heads of the miniscrews were measured on study models taken before a 300 g force was applied and seven months later, or when retraction was completed if less than seven months.

Results
The mean duration of retraction was 5.23 months (SD: 1.74 months) with a range of three to seven months. The mean amount of anterior retraction was 3.82 ± 1.64 mm (Range: 0.77-7.07 mm). Average movements of the miniscrew heads on the right side were 0.44 mm buccally, 0.38 mm forward and 0.54 mm downward, and on the left side 0.06 mm buccally, 0.41 mm forward and 0.50 mm downward. During the study period the right and left upper first molars moved mesially 0.70 ± 0.46 mm (Range: 0.01-2.3 mm) and 0.76 ± 0.47 mm (Range: 0.1-2.61 mm) respectively, although no force was applied to them.

Conclusion
Miniscrews provide satisfactory anchorage for retraction of the upper anterior segment, but do not remain absolutely stationary under orthodontic loads. Because of coincidental mesial movement of the upper molars, there must be sufficient clearance mesial to the molars to avoid the molar roots contacting the miniscrews.
Risk factors and indications of orthodontic temporary anchorage devices: a literature review
Authors: Hoste Sofie , Vercruyssen Marjolein , Quirynen Marc , Willems Guy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
The aims of this review are twofold, firstly, to give an overview of the general and local risk factors when using temporary anchorage devices (TADs) and the prerequisites for placement and, secondly, to illustrate the orthodontic indications of various TADs.

Methods
The PubMed database was searched for original articles on: ‘orthodontics and miniscrews/mini-implants/ miniplates/temporary anchorage devices/titanium screws/skeletal anchorage’, ‘miniscrews/mini-implants/miniplates and risk factors/biomechanics/placement procedure’. Only articles published between 2001 and December 2007 were used. In addition, each article was hand searched for references that may have been missed by the PubMed search.

Results
General risk factors are factors concerning general health. Bone quality and oral hygiene are local risk factors. Aspects of the placement procedure discussed were: primary stability, loading protocols, pre-drilling diameter and whether or not to make an intra-oral incision. A selection of published case reports is given to illustrate some orthodontic indications of TADs.

Conclusions
Temporary anchorage devices have a place in modern orthodontics. Careful treatment planning involving radiographic examination is essential. Consultation with an oral surgeon is advisable if a soft tissue flap is required. Excellent patient compliance, particularly avoidance of inflammation around the implant, is an important consideration for successful use of TADs.
Are more nickel ions released from NiTi wires after sterilisation?
Authors: Poosti Maryam , Rad Hossein Pezeshki , Kianoush Kamyar , Hadizadeh Behzad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Increased concentrations of nickel ions may be released into saliva from recycled NiTi archwires.

Aim
To compare the nickel ion concentrations released from recycled NiTi wires after sterilisation by either dry heat or steam autoclave.

Methods
Eighty preformed NiTi wires were assigned to four equal groups. In Groups 1, 2 and 3 the archwires were used intra-orally for 4 weeks. The Group 4 archwires were not used. Group 1 archwires were sterilised by dry heat, the Group 2 archwires were sterilised by steam autoclave, the Group 3 archwires were not sterilised and the Group 4 archwires were as-received. A 2 cm length, cut from each archwire, was immersed in artificial saliva for 4 weeks and the nickel ion concentrations in the artificial saliva measured with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer.

Results
There were no significant differences in the nickel ion concentrations released into the artificial saliva by each group of archwires (p = 0.467).

Conclusion
Sterilisation of used NiTi wires by either dry heat and steam autoclave does not affect the concentrations of nickel ions released into artificial saliva.
An evaluation of maxillary and mandibular rotational responses with the Clark twin block appliance
Authors: Lau Eden Y. , Sampson Wayne J. , Townsend Grant C. , Hughes Toby 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
To evaluate the dentofacial changes and growth rotational responses of Angle Class II division 1 patients treated with the Clark twin block functional appliance.

Method
This retrospective study comprised 13 boys (8.77 ± 0.86 years) and 13 girls (8.75 ± 0.70 years) treated by one orthodontist with the Clark twin block appliance. Selection was not biased by outcome and sample size power estimates exceeded 90 per cent. Tracings made on the pretreatment (T1), post-treatment (T2) and observation (T3) radiographs were superimposed on anatomically stable landmarks and the dentofacial changes and growth rotational responses compared. The data were tested for normal distribution and sexual dimorphism. Pearson correlation analyses of the treatment and observation phases were performed.

Results
In light of the few sex differences and lack of any consistent trends, the data for the boys and girls were combined. Treatment reduced the overbite, overjet and achieved Class II correction through combinations of maxillary incisor uprighting (U1-SN: –5.3 ± 5.3°), lower incisor proclination (L1-MP: 6.6 ± 6.8°), facial height increase (AFH: 5.1 ± 4.6 mm), ramal lengthening (Co-Go: 3.3 ± 2.4 mm) and mandibular length increase (Co-Pog: 5.9 ± 4.6 mm). During the observation period, similar growth changes were recorded, but the overbite (2.9 ± 1.9 mm) and overjet (3.6 ± 2.0 mm) increased due to some reversal of the treatment-induced incisor angulation changes. Over the treatment period (T1 to T2), the angles between the cranial base and maxillary (maxillary rotation) and mandibular stable structures (mandibular internal rotation) reduced by –0.1 ± 1.2 degrees and –0.3 ± 2.5 degrees, respectively. The angles between mandibular stable structures and Go-Me (mandibular external rotation) and SN-GoMe (mandibular total rotation) increased by 0.6 ± 1.7 degrees and 0.9 ± 2.1 degrees, respectively. Between T2 and T3, maxillary rotation, mandibular internal rotation and total mandibular rotation reduced –1.4 ± 2.0 degrees, –2.4 ± 2.5 degrees and –0.7 ± 1.7 degrees, respectively. Mandibular external rotation increased –1.8 ± 2.0 degrees. Mandibular total and internal rotation angles were significantly (p < 0.5) reduced at T2, but there were no significant associations between the rotations and dentofacial parameters during or following treatment.

Conclusions
On average, the maxillary and mandibular internal rotations were near zero during treatment, but the small and individually variable changes were not clearly associated with the Class II correction.
Display of the incisors as functions of age and gender
Authors: da Motta Andrea Fonseca Jardim , de Souza Margareth Maria Gomes , Bolognese Ana Maria , Guerra Clarice Júlia , Mucha José Nelson 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Older subjects usually show less of their upper incisors and more of their lower incisors than younger subjects.

Objectives
To determine how much of the upper and lower central incisor crowns are visible in Brazilian subjects with their lips at rest.

Methods
The subjects were 240 white Brazilian subjects divided into four age groups: Group 1, 12 to 15 years of age; Group 2, 20 to 30 years of age; Group 3, 31 to 50 years of age and Group 4, 51 years of age and older. Each group contained 30 males and 30 females. The vertical display of the incisors was measured in millimetres from the midpoints of the incisal edges of the upper and lower central incisors to the borders of the upper and lower lips.

Results
In females, the mean upper central incisor display reduced from 4.45 mm in Group 1 to 1.32 mm in Group 4, and in males it reduced from 3.35 mm in Group 1 to 0.57 mm in Group 4. Less of the lower central incisor crowns were displayed in Group 1 females (Mean: 0.47 mm) than in Group 4 females (Mean: 2.22 mm), and in Group 1 males (Mean: 0.61 mm) than in Group 4 males (Mean: 3.05 mm). Brazilian women showed significantly more of their upper incisor crowns than Brazilian men in Groups 1, 2 and 4, whereas Brazilian men showed significantly more of their lower central incisors than Brazilian women in Group 4.

Conclusions
With the lips at rest, older Brazilians display less of their upper central incisors and more of their lower central incisors than young Brazilians. Women show more of their upper incisors than men, while men display more of their lower central incisors than women.
Does ozone water affect the bond strengths of orthodontic brackets?
Authors: Pithon Matheus Melo , dos Santos Rogerio Lacerda 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Ozone water can be used to eliminate micro-organisms from the water systems in dental offices.

Objectives
To determine if ozone water diminishes the bond strength of orthodontic adhesives.

Methods
One hundred and twenty bovine mandibular incisors were randomly divided into four equal groups. The teeth were cleaned with pumice and washed either with tap water (Groups 1 and 3) or with ozone water Groups (2 and 4) before bonding stainless steel orthodontics brackets to the teeth with either a composite resin (Groups 1 and 2; Transbond XT, 3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA) or a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Groups 3 and 4; Fuji Ortho LC, GC America Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). The manufacturers’ recommendations for bonding were followed. All samples were subjected to thermal cycling and the shear bond strengths were determined with a universal testing machine. The Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) was used to score the amount of resin remaining on the teeth after debonding the brackets.

Results
There were no statistical differences in the shear bond strengths of the brackets debonded from enamel washed with either ozone water or tap water or between the groups bonded with the two adhesive resins (p = 0.595). The ARIs in Groups 2 and 3 were significantly different from the ARIs in Groups 3 and 4 (p = 0.030).

Conclusion
Ozone water did not alter the bond strength of brackets bonded with composite resins, but it did alter the sites of resin fracture when Fuji Ortho LC was used.
Strength of attachment between band and glass ionomer cement
Authors: Dastjerdie Elahe Vahid , Zarnegar Houman , Behnaz Mohammad , Seifi Massoud 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim
To determine the strength of attachment between plain stainless steel band material and glass ionomer cement.

Methods
Seventy-five extracted upper premolars, free of visible structural defects, were used. The teeth were divided randomly into three groups and embedded in acrylic resin blocks. A short length of plain, stainless steel band material with a welded stainless steel standard edgewise 0.022 inch bracket was adapted to the buccal surface of each tooth. The bracket-stainless steel pads were then cemented to the teeth with either Bandtite (Group 1), Granitec (Group 2) or Ariadent (Group 3) glass ionomer cement and stored in an incubator at 37 °C for 30 days. The shear bond strengths of the specimens were measured and compared.

Results
The mean shear bond strengths (SBS) were significantly different: Bandtite 0.7331 ± 0.056 Mpa; Granitec 0.3869 ± 0.047 Mpa; Ariadent 0.2931 ± 0.033 Mpa (ANOVA, p < 0.001). Tukey HSD post-hoc tests also showed significant differences between Bandtite and Granitec, Bandtite and Ariadent, and Granitec and Ariadent (p < 0.001). All specimens failed at the band-cement interface.

Conclusion
The highest and lowest SBS were related to Bandtite and Ariadent cements, respectively. All cements had bond strengths less than the range of bond strengths considered to be clinically acceptable for bonded orthodontic attachments. Mechanical factors are important for band retention.
Measuring Accessibility and Optimising Logistics of Marginal Land Grass Biomass in the Case of Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland
Authors: Ollila Katri , Kotavaara Ossi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Grass biomass originating from marginal agricultural land unsuitable for food production can be utilised in variety of bio-based productions. The key profitability constraints for such productions are regional availability and transport costs. The aim of this paper is to methodologically test open access agricultural field parcel data – enabled by the EU INSPIRE directive – integrated with the road network in measuring biomass accessibility and optimising collection and transport using geographic information system (GIS) technology in two Finnish case areas. The analytical framework applies closest facility and vehicle routing analyses for tractor and truck transport scenarios. The key finding is that the area of field parcels and the amount of biomass accumulating within an observed area are not the only important factors influencing transport efficiency: cost-effectiveness of collection routes can be equally high in regions with scarce and abundant biomass areas.
State of Perception and Knowledge of Bioeconomy in Selected European Universities
Authors: Niewiadomski Michał , Santamarta Cerezal Juan C. , Tamáš Vojtěch , Pereira Fernanda dos Santos 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sustainable bioeconomy is one of the concepts that makes it possible to achieve the European Green Deal. A similar understanding of the term bioeconomy gives the opportunity to simultaneously take proportionate actions leading to the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals in EU countries. Parallel understanding of the concept of bioeconomy is crucial for achieving a common consensus on actions aimed at introducing optimal plans for the development of green technologies. Therefore, the goal of the paper was to compare knowledge and perception about the bioeconomy in different countries. Realization of the work's objective was possible thanks to the use of the C&RT classification tree method. It was shown that the level of knowledge of respondents working or studying at selected universities was similar, while their perception of the bioeconomy differed significantly.
The Challenges of Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises in Engineering: South Africa
Authors: Mtambo Xolani Gladman , Lubbe Sam , Ohei Kenneth N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The small, medium and micro enterprise sector is an economic engine for many countries. Realizing the potential of small, medium, and micro enterprises, the government of the Republic of South Africa has put a burden on itself to create 90% of jobs through small, medium, and micro enterprises through the implementation of the 2030 National Development Plan. Despite these initiatives, the failure rate of these enterprises in South Africa is still high and continues to increase. This research aims to investigate the challenges of small, medium and micro enterprises that operate in the formal economy, with the focus narrowed down to small, medium and micro enterprises that provide engineering services to engineering-intensive firms in the public and private sectors in South Africa. The target is a sample of member companies of Consulting Engineers South Africa, as well as random engineering service firms that render similar services. In general, engineering services’ small, medium and micro enterprises mainly depend on owners’ limited capital, which limits growth initiatives. Moreover, the absence of adequate resources, business facilities and specialised equipment puts small, medium and micro enterprises at a competitive disadvantage and, therefore, causes stagnation. Government’s initiatives are not well publicised and, therefore, small, medium and micro enterprises are not well informed to capitalise on such initiatives.
Investment Decision-Making Behavior in the Era of Covid-19: An Analysis on the Basis of Mental Accounting, Loss Aversion Bias, and Risk Tolerance
Authors: Dita Rari Dwi Rinining Tyastuty , Heryana Toni , Basuki Teguh Iman 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The era of Covid-19 is a condition that illustrates the uncertainty of national and world economic conditions, which encourages individuals to be able to manage their economy and finances. Therefore, this research aims to explain whether mental accounting, loss aversion bias, as well as risk tolerance can affect investment decision-making in the Covid-19 situation from the point of view of behavioral finance theory. The results of research using SEM PLS analysis show that Mental Accounting, Loss Aversion Bias, as well as Risk Tolerance, have an effect on investment decision-making. Based on behavioral finance theory, the results of the study illustrate that in the Covid 19 pandemic situation, individuals will generally respond to information received as a basis for making decisions by paying attention to the level of risk and optimizing the rate of return from the investment made.
A Differential Effect of Research Teaching Innovation on Dissertation Completion Rate and Pass Mark at TGSL
Authors: Ngwakwe Collins C. , Lewis Janine 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis research examines the differential effect of research-writing teaching innovation on proposal and dissertation completion rates at the Turfloop Graduate School of Leadership (TGSL). The method combined a review with a longitudinal quantitative secondary data design. The data on proposal and dissertation completion rates were compared using a t-test statistics. Findings show that at an alpha level of 0.05, a significant difference (at P<0.05) exists in the proposal and dissertation completion rates between the pre-innovation teaching period and within the innovation teaching period – with improved completion rate occurring during the teaching innovation period. Results also depict a mean difference in research methodology pass marks (albeit insignificance). Based on the findings, the paper contributes by developing an agency-based inclusive framework for teaching dissertation research writing. This framework provides an agenda for further research on teacher and student agency, and hence inclusive teaching of academic writing.