bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a cancer associated fibroblasts-related index to predict prognosis and immune landscape in ovarian cancer
Authors: Ye Yingquan , Zhang Shuangshuang , Jiang Yue , Huang Yi , Wang Gaoxiang , Zhang Mengmeng , Gui Zhongxuan , Wu Yue , Bian Geng , Li Ping , Zhang Mei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a role in ovarian cancer (OV) evolution, immunosuppression and promotion of drug resistance. Exploring the value of CAFs-related biomarker in OV is of great importance. In the present work, we developed a CAFs-related index (CAFRI) based on an integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing and highlighted the value of CAFRI in predicting clinical outcomes in individuals with OV, tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The GSE151214 cohort was used for cell subpopulation localization and analysis, the TCGA-OV patients as a training set. Moreover, the ICGC-OV, GSE26193, GSE26712 and GSE19829 cohorts were used for the validation of CAFRI. The TIMER 2.0, CIBERSORT and ssGSEA algorithms were used for analysis of TIME characteristics based on the CAFRI. The GSVA, GSEA, GO, KEGG and tumour mutation burden (TMB) analyses were used for mechanistic exploration. Additionally, the IMvigor210 cohort was conducted to validate the predictive value of CAFRI on the efficacy of ICIs. Finally, CAFRI-based antitumour drug sensitivity was analysed. The findings demonstrate that the CAFRI can served as an excellent predictor of prognosis for individuals with OV, as well as identifying patients with different TIME characteristics, differentiating between immune ‘hot’ and ‘cold’ tumour populations, and providing new insights into the selection of ICIs and personalised treatment regimens. CAFRI provides new perspectives for the development of novel prognostic and immunotherapy efficacy predictive biomarkers for OV.
Regulation of Na+-K+-ATPase leads to disturbances of isoproterenol-induced cardiac dysfunction via interference of Ca2+-dependent cardiac metabolism
Authors: Yan Xiaofei , Li Meihe , Lan Ping , Xun Meng , Zhang Ying , Shi Jinghui , Wang Ruijia , Zheng Jin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Reductions in Na+-K+-ATPase (NKA) activity and expression are often observed in the progress of various reason-induced heart failure (HF). However, NKA α1 mutation or knockdown cannot cause spontaneous heart disease. Whether the abnormal NKA α1 directly contributes to HF pathogenesis remains unknown. Here, we challenge NKA α1+/- mice with isoproterenol to evaluate the role of NKA α1 haploinsufficiency in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac dysfunction. Genetic knockdown of NKA α1 accelerated ISO-induced cardiac cell hypertrophy, heart fibrosis, and dysfunction. Further studies revealed decreased Krebs cycle, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial OXPHOS in the hearts of NKA α1+/- mice challenged with ISO. In ISO-treated conditions, inhibition of NKA elevated cytosolic Na+, further reduced mitochondrial Ca2+ via mNCE, and then finally down-regulated cardiac cell energy metabolism. In addition, a supplement of DRm217 alleviated ISO-induced heart dysfunction, mitigated cardiac remodeling, and improved cytosolic Na+ and Ca2+ elevation and mitochondrial Ca2+ depression in the NKA α1+/− mouse model. The findings suggest that targeting NKA and mitochondria Ca2+ could be a promising strategy in the treatment of heart disease.
Combined latissimus dorsi transfer and deltoid flap for irreparable rotator cuff tear: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Roukoz Sami , George Samuel , Aoun Marven , Daher Mohammad 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: This study will evaluate the outcomes of the combined latissimus dorsi tendon transfer and deltoid flap for the management of irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 15 patients who have undergone double transfer surgery for their irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears. These patients were followed up in three periods. Functional outcomes such as the constant score (CS), subjective shoulder value (SSV), and range of motion were assessed as well as radiographic outcomes such as the acromio–humeral distance. Results: Fifteen patients were included in the early and intermediate follow-up while only 8 remained at the latest follow-up. At the early follow-up the SSV (p = 0.001), CS (p = 0.021), and A–H distance (p = 0.008) showed a statistically significant improvement from their pre-operative values. At the latest follow-up, only the external rotation decreased from its value at the intermediate follow-up (p = 0.027). Conclusion: The double transfer technique showed sustainable improvement of the functional outcomes except for the external rotation. However, the loss of external rotation did not affect the remaining outcomes. Trials comparing this technique to other surgical managements or MIRCTs are needed to confirm these results.
Assessing low laser damage densities of fused silica optics by means of a functional raster scan protocol
Authors: Lamaignère L. , Bouyer C. , Donval T. , Beau V. , Lacombe C. 
Published: December 2023

The knowledge of the laser damage resistance of fused silica optics for their use in high-power lasers is of primary importance for the operation and maintenance of these facilities. Among the control procedures developed, one of the most relevant to date is the raster scan procedure [Lamaignère et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 78, 103105 (2007)]. This procedure is used to determine the damage density of optical components as a function of fluence. To date, this procedure takes into account all triggered damage sites, regardless of their size and/or morphology. We have added a step to this procedure, which consists in irradiating again all the damage sites with a series of shots to ascertain their ability to grow. This allows us to estimate the densities of growing damage sites, which are most critical for the safe operation of lasers. This pragmatic approach can be considered a functional test procedure. By applying this procedure to large optical areas, we were then able to measure extremely low damage densities (∼10−4 damage cm−2) over a wide range of fluences [0–18 J cm−2], corresponding to fluences to which the optics are irradiated during the operation of high-power lasers. We can then determine the damage law of a given set of optical components. This reference law makes it possible, on the one hand, to predict the lifetime of the optics. On the other hand, any deviation can then be analyzed with regard to this reference law. Thanks to the determination of confidence intervals, this functional procedure can also be used to delimit the reference law by upper and lower bounds.
Diversity and distribution of cetaceans in the Republic of Palau
Authors: Andrews Olive , Holm Tiare , Burns Daniel , Hom-Weaver Cory Ann , Olavarria Carlos , Orrukem David , Percy Rechelluul , Williams Rob 
Published: December 2023

Context Until recently, very little was known about the species diversity and occurrence of cetaceans in the Republic of Palau. A dedicated scientific investigation into the occurrence and distribution of island associated cetaceans in Palau was conducted in 2012 and 2013. Aims The aim of this project was to investigate the diversity and distribution of cetaceans in Palau to inform management and build local capacity in cetacean science. Methods Following a feasibility study in 2010, a vessel-based visual and acoustic line transect survey was conducted in 2012, covering a survey area of 4319 km2. The survey was repeated and expanded in 2013 using aerial methods. Additionally, small boat work was conducted in areas with high cetacean density to obtain genetic, acoustic, and photographic samples. In 2019, a vessel-based visual and acoustic survey of the Southwest Islands was conducted. Key results By combining the survey results with anecdotal sightings, a cetacean species inventory for Palau was established. The presence of 15 species was confirmed, while four species were identified as probably present and three as likely. Conclusions Survey results contributed to the management of cetaceans in the Palau Marine Mammal Sanctuary. The surveys raised local interest in cetaceans and, through public outreach and training, precipitated advancements in capacity building for cetacean management, along with a baseline for ongoing monitoring. Implications This study provided the first systematic, scientific investigation using multiple survey methods into the occurrence and distribution of cetaceans in Palau, highlighting the importance of conserving cetacean populations in this region.
Neutrino production in blazar radio cores
Authors: Kalashev Oleg , Kivokurtseva Polina , Troitsky Sergey 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Models of the origin of astrophysical neutrinos with energies from TeVs to PeVs are strongly constrained by multimessenger observations and population studies. Recent results point to statistically significant associations between these neutrinos and active galactic nuclei (AGN) selected by their radio flux observed with very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI). This suggests that the neutrinos are produced in central parsecs of blazars, AGN with relativistic jets pointing to the observer. However, conventional AGN models tend to explain only the highest-energy part of the neutrino flux observationally associated with blazars. Here we discuss in detail how the neutrinos can be produced in the part of an AGN giving the dominant contribution to the VLBI radio flux, the radio core located close to the jet base. Physical conditions there differ both from the immediate environment of the central black hole and from the plasma blobs moving along the jet. Required neutrino fluxes, considerably smaller than those of photons, can be produced in interactions of relativistic protons, accelerated closer to the black hole, with radiation in the core.
Rotational Phase Dependent J − H Colour of the Dwarf Planet Eris*
Authors: Szakáts Róbert , Kiss Csaba 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The largest bodies—or dwarf planets—constitute a different class among Kuiper Belt objects and are characterized by bright surfaces and volatile compositions remarkably different from that of smaller trans-Neptunian objects. These compositional differences are also reflected in the visible and near-infrared colors, and variegations across the surface can cause broadband colors to vary with rotational phase. Here we present near-infrared J and H-band observations of the dwarf planet (136199) Eris obtained with the GuideDog camera of the Infrared Telescope Facility. These measurements show that—as suspected from previous J − H measurements—the J − H color of Eris indeed varies with rotational phase. This suggests notable surface heterogenity in chemical composition and/or other material properties despite the otherwise quite homogeneous, high albedo surface, characterized by a very low amplitude visible range light curve. While variations in the grain size of the dominant CH4 may in general be responsible for notable changes in the J − H color, in the current observing geometry of the system it can only partially explain the observed J − H variation.
Uptake of plutonium isotopes by green onions in different growing mediums
Authors: Shavrina K E , Edomskaya M A , Lukashenko S N , Kuzmenkova N V 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
During the growing experiment, the uptake of plutonium isotopes by green onions (Allium cepa Centurion F1) grown on distilled water, Ellis nutrient solution and sod-podzolic soil was studied. The analysis of plutonium isotopes was carried out by alpha spectrometry with preliminary radiochemical separation. It has been determined that the uptake of 239+240Pu by the green onions decreases in a row: distilled water > Ellis nutrient solution ≫ sod-podzolic soil. The transfer factors of plutonium isotopes in green onions were 1.7 ± 0.4 for distilled water; 0.7 ± 0.2 for Ellis nutrient solution; 0.0054 ± 0.0014 for soddy-podzolic soil.
Deuterium recycling and wall retention characteristics during boron powder injection in EAST
Authors: Zuo G Z , Wang Z , Sun Z , Xu W , Zhou Z T , Guan Y H , Huang M , Maingi R , Hu J S 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Boron (B), as a low-Z material, is widely employed for wall conditioning to enhance plasma performance in fusion devices. In the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak, a series of experiments involving real-time B powder injection has been conducted to investigate fuel particle behavior. It was observed that fuel particle recycling decreased with an increase in the amount of B powder injected, resulting in an increase in short-term fuel retention. The fuel recycling decreased by up to 80%, as indicated by divertor neutral pressure and Dα line emission. Furthermore, each B atom exhibited a trapping capacity of 0.3 D particles during B powder injection at a typical flow rate. The real-time B injection had no wall hysteresis effect on D retention, implying that cumulative B injection and deposited film did not affect long-term D retention. The possible mechanism for D retention is the formation of B-C-O-D compounds and co-deposition between B and D particles during discharges. This investigation would be valuable for evaluating T retention when B is used as wall conditioning material in future fusion reactor devices.
Assessing the potential of recycled fine aggregate from freeze-thawed parent concrete for structural concrete
Authors: Hong Wei , Shen Changjun , Zhu Xing 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Recycled fine aggregate (RFA) generated from waste concrete, especially in harsh environment, can be considered as an alternative to natural sand. The yield rate, gradation and properties of RFA from natural aggregate concrete with the target strength of C40 as parent concrete (PC) every 200 freeze–thaw (FT) cycles are investigated. To more accurately evaluate the application potential of RFA, the mechanical properties and durability of recycled fine aggregate concrete (RFAC) is further studied. The results showed that as the FT cycles of PC increased, the yield rate of RFA decreases and the grading curve of RFA meets the requirements of Class II aggregate. The limit FT cycles of PC in Class II and III RFA are 148 and 450, respectively. For the compressive strength of RFAC that meets the design requirements, the FT cycles of PC are no more than 530. Based on 50 years of RFAC in Class D and Class E environments, the limit FT cycles of PC are 663 and 200, respectively. The limit FT cycles of PC are 221 based on 50 years of RFAC service in cold regions. Through the FT cycles of PC, the Class of RFA and the mechanical and durability of RFAC can be directly predicted. This provides a theoretical and data support for improving the utilization rate of waste concrete in FT environment.
Intake and growth histories modulate bone morphology, microarchitecture, and mineralization in juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas)
Authors: Abell Morgan C , Sánchez Hernández José A , Bast Robin , Bjorndal Karen A , Bolten Alan B , Roark Alison M 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCompensatory growth (CG) is accelerated growth that occurs when food availability increases after food restriction. This rapid growth may be associated with sublethal consequences. In this study, we investigated the effects of food restriction and subsequent realimentation and CG on bone structure in juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas). Turtles were fed ad libitum food for 12 weeks (AL), restricted food for 12 weeks (R), or restricted food for 5 weeks followed by ad libitum food for 7 weeks (R-AL). R-AL turtles demonstrated partial CG via enhanced food conversion efficiency (FCE) upon realimentation. After the 12th week, gross morphology (GM), microarchitecture, and mineralization of the right humerus of each turtle were analyzed. Many GM measurements (including proximal and maximal bone lengths, bone widths, and shaft thickness), most measurements of bone microarchitecture (excluding cortical and trabecular thickness and trabecular separation), and all mineralization measurements were labile in response to intake. We examined the possibility that changes in nutrient allocation to bone structure during realimentation facilitated CG in previously food-restricted turtles. Restoration of bone lengths was prioritized over restoration of bone widths during CG. Furthermore, restoration of trabecular number, connectivity density, and bone volume fraction was prioritized over restoration of cortical bone volume fraction. Finally, diaphyseal bone mineralization was partially restored, whereas no restoration of epiphyseal bone mineralization occurred during CG. Shifts in nutrient allocation away from certain bone attributes during food restriction that were not rectified when food availability increased probably provided an energy surplus that enhanced the conversion of food to growth and thus powered the CG response. Our study revealed how resource allocation to various bone attributes is prioritized as nutritional conditions change during development. These “priority rules” may have detrimental consequences later in life, indicating that conservation of green turtle foraging grounds should be given high priority.
Behavioural digital biomarkers enable real-time monitoring of patient-reported outcomes: a substudy of the multicentre, prospective observational SafeHeart study
Authors: Kolk Maarten Z H , Frodi Diana M , Langford Joss , Meskers Caroline J , Andersen Tariq O , Jacobsen Peter Karl , Risum Niels , Tan Hanno L , Svendsen Jesper H , Knops Reinoud E , Diederichsen Søren Z , Tjong Fleur V Y 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) serve multiple purposes, including shared decision-making and patient communication, treatment monitoring, and health technology assessment. Patient monitoring using PROMs is constrained by recall and non-response bias, respondent burden, and missing data. We evaluated the potential of behavioural digital biomarkers obtained from a wearable accelerometer to achieve personalized predictions of PROMs.

Methods and results
Data from the multicentre, prospective SafeHeart study conducted at Amsterdam University Medical Center in the Netherlands and Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet in Copenhagen, Denmark, were used. The study enrolled patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator between May 2021 and September 2022 who then wore wearable devices with raw acceleration output to capture digital biomarkers reflecting physical behaviour. To collect PROMs, patients received the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) and EuroQoL 5-Dimensions 5-Level (EQ5D-5L) questionnaire at two instances: baseline and after six months. Multivariable Tobit regression models were used to explore associations between digital biomarkers and PROMs, specifically whether digital biomarkers could enable PROM prediction. The study population consisted of 303 patients (mean age 62.9 ± 10.9 years, 81.2% male). Digital biomarkers showed significant correlations to patient-reported physical and social limitations, severity and frequency of symptoms, and quality of life. Prospective validation of the Tobit models indicated moderate correlations between the observed and predicted scores for KCCQ [concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) = 0.49, mean difference: 1.07 points] and EQ5D-5L (CCC = 0.38, mean difference: 0.02 points).

Conclusion
Wearable digital biomarkers correlate with PROMs, and may be leveraged for real-time prediction. These findings hold promise for monitoring of PROMs through wearable accelerometers.
Distinct Effects of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors on Soluble Biomarkers in Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid of People With HIV
Authors: Trunfio Mattia , Tang Bin , Iudicello Jennifer E , Ma Qing , Franklin Donald R , Cookson Debra , Riggs Patricia K , Cherner Mariana , Moore David J , Heaton Robert K , Letendre Scott L , Ellis Ronald J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Persistent inflammation affects people with HIV (PWH) despite antiretroviral therapy (ART). Selective serotonin and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs, SNRIs), HMG-CoA reductase-inhibitors (statins), and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) have immunomodulant properties. We evaluated the potential impact of these drugs on inflammation and neurodegeneration in PWH.

Methods
Cross-sectional single-center (United States) analysis in 184 PWH on ART with plasma HIV RNA &lt; 200 copies/mL. All participants had 10 biomarkers measured in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). To reduce dimensionality, hierarchical clustering and principal components (PCs) analysis were employed. The analyses were adjusted for duration of the drugs and clinical conditions.

Results
Participants were mostly middle-aged men, with median CD4+ T cells of 620/µL. In adjusted models, SSRI use was associated with 3 PCs: higher CSF and plasma Aβ42 and CSF CCL2 (aβ=.14, P = .040); lower CSF 8-oxo-dG, total tau, and sCD14 (aβ=−.12, P = .042); and higher plasma sCD14 with lower sCD40L (aβ=.15, P = .042). SNRI use was associated with higher values of CSF and plasma neopterin and CSF sTNFR-II (aβ=.22, P = .004). Statins and ACEIs showed no association.

Conclusions
SSRIs and SNRIs had distinct biomarker signatures. SSRIs were associated with reduced neurodegeneration, immune activation, and oxidative stress in CSF, suggesting a role of SSRIs as adjunctive therapy in PWH.
Harnessing Endogenous Peptide Compounds as Potential Therapeutics for Severe Influenza
Authors: West Alison C , Harpur Christopher M , Le Page Mélanie A , Lam Maggie , Hodges Christopher , Ely Lauren K , Gearing Andrew J , Tate Michelle D 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Excessive pulmonary inflammation and damage are characteristic features of severe influenza virus infections. LAT8881 is a synthetic 16–amino acid cyclic peptide form of a naturally occurring C-terminal fragment of human growth hormone with therapeutic efficacy against influenza. Shorter linear peptides are typically easier to manufacture and formulate for delivery than larger cyclic peptides. A 6–amino acid linear peptide fragment of LAT8881, LAT9997, was investigated as a potential influenza therapy.

Methods
LAT9997 was evaluated for its potential to limit disease in a preclinical mouse model of severe influenza infection.

Results
Intranasal treatment of mice with either LAT8881 or LAT9997 from day 1 following influenza infection significantly improved survival outcomes. Initiating LAT9997 treatment at the onset of severe disease also significantly improved disease severity. Greater disease resistance in LAT9997-treated mice correlated with reduced lung immunopathology, damage markers, vascular leak, and epithelial cell death. Treatment reduced viral loads, cytokines, and neutrophil infiltration in the airways yet maintained protective alveolar macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. Sequential trimming of N- and C-terminal amino acids from LAT9997 revealed a structure-activity relationship.

Conclusions
These findings provide preclinical evidence that therapeutic LAT9997 treatment limits viral burden and characteristic features of severe influenza, including hyperinflammation and lung damage.

Summary
Excessive pulmonary inflammation and damage are characteristic features of severe influenza virus infections. LAT9997 is a linear peptide fragment derived from human growth hormone. This study provides preclinical evidence that therapeutic LAT9997 treatment limits viral burden, hyperinflammation, and lung damage.