bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global, regional, and national prevalence and disability-adjusted life-years for endometriosis in 204 countries and territories, 1990– 2019: findings from a global burden of disease study
Authors: Shen Dongyi , Li Jing , Hu PanWei , Qi Cong , Yang Hong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to analyze the worldwide, regional, and intra-country burden of heteropathy and its trends from 1990 to 2019, utilizing the latest data and improved methodologies from GBD 2019.
Methods: We utilized the Global Health Data Exchange Query tool, Global Burden of Disease (GBD), to analyze endometriosis in prevalence numbers, age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPR), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2019 in 204 countries and regions. Additionally, this study investigated the impacts of period, age, and cohort on the prevalence and DALYs of endometriosis from the global perspective and in the five sociodemographic index (SDI) regions.
Results: Among the 21 regions, the most significant reduction in the prevalence of heterosis between 1990 and 2019 occurred in Central Latin America. In 204 countries, the most pronounced decline was observed in Guatemala. At the SDI level, with the increase of SDI, the ASPR of endometriosis in all regions worldwide showed an overall decreasing trend. The prevalence of endometriosis peaked between the ages of 25 and 29.
Discussion: The findings of this study reflect the temporal and spatial tendency of the burden of endometriosis during the study period and provide an epidemiological basis for reducing endometriosis.
Validity and Power of the Case-Only Approach in Prospective Cohort and Case-Cohort Studies with Time-to-Event Endpoints
Authors: Freitag-Wolf Sandra , Akinloye O Mercy , Dempfle Astrid 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background For genetic epidemiological studies with binary outcomes, the case-only (CO) approach has been shown to be powerful for examining statistical interactions, in particular gene-environment interactions. For time-to-event outcomes, the CO approach has been extended in the context of randomized clinical trials (RCT), but has not yet been investigated in prospective observational data. Methods We explore the CO approach for time-to-event outcomes in scenarios with main effects of different strength (small, moderate) and compare its results with classical Cox proportional hazard and logistic regression models. We use only the earliest observed events (as ‘cases’) in the CO approach and also consider censored events (as ‘controls’ in logistic regression) by a restricted follow-up scheme in a cohort design or a random subsample of these in a case-cohort design. Results In our simulation study, the CO approach was consistently valid in the cohort settings and had a similar power as the benchmark analyses. In contrast, in the case-cohort design, the CO approach was valid and more powerful only in the scenario with just one main effect. However, in the presence of two moderate main effects, estimators may be biased, with a moderately inflated type I error rate. In a real-world example of a cohort study, the CO design represents an efficient approach that can be applied at an early follow-up time. Conclusion Under a variety of circumstances, the CO approach is as powerful as the standard models for time-to-event data in the cohort framework, but can be biased in the presence of two main effects in the case-cohort framework.
Dual Clinical Practice (DCP) policy to improve retention of Human Resource for Health in Rwanda: A cross sectional study design
Authors: Kayumba Kizito , Ntihabose Corneille , Musange Sabine , Condo Jeanine , Ngabo Bernard , Umutoni Nathalie , Kalisa Ina Rukundo , Birindabagabo Pascal , Mukundirukuri Patience , Dhanani Sumana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Despite the high demand for public services globally, the quality of services provided by public health facilities remains questionable. Poor remuneration of public sector health care providers (HCPs) prompts their migration to private health facilities. The Dual Clinical Practice (DCP) Policy in Rwanda is a promising strategy to improve retention of human resource for health in public health facilities, allowing HCPs to supplement their income by engaging in private practice alongside their public sector roles. This study aimed to explore the implementation challenges and opportunities regarding the potential reformulation of DCP schemes.Methods A cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted across five Rwandan public hospitals focusing on evaluating the implementation of the DCP policy. Quantitative and qualitative data was collected via Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) and Joint Interviews (JIs), as well as analysis of health facility records. Data was analyzed using Atlas.ti software.Results The study involved participants from six Rwandan hospitals, with 20 healthcare providers and 32 patients participating. Qualitatively, it was found that the DCP policy was well-received, with high satisfaction among patients using DCP services (81%). However, challenges were noted in policy awareness and operational tracking of DCP engagements. Quantitatively, an increase in patient enrollment was observed in most facilities, and the DCP outpatient visits accounted for a significant percentage of total outpatient visits in some hospitals. Revenue analysis showed that while the DCP contributed to hospital income, there were concerns about the sustainability of the scheme and the adequacy of remuneration for healthcare providers.Conclusion This paper underscores the need for a multi-faceted approach involving tax authorities, hospital administration, and health insurance companies in addressing these issues. Ultimately, there is great need for collaborative efforts involving various stakeholders to revise policies and improve physical infrastructure, balancing healthcare quality with healthcare provider retention, and providing insights for similar global healthcare challenges.
Autopsy findings in a case of Lomentospora prolificans fungemia in myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Imataki Osamu , Kawanaka Yui , Ishida Tomoya , Fujita Haruyuki , Uemura Makiko 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Lomentospora prolificans is a soil-, plant-, or animal-borne mold that can affect immunocompromised hosts. Most L. prolificans infections are identifieable in the bloodstream. L. prolificans fungemia has never been reported in an autopsy.
Case report
We treated a 79-year-old man with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), subtype MDS-EB-1. Due to a low MDS risk status, the patient was being monitored in an outpatient setting. He developed pneumonia and was hospitalized for treatment. He was treated empirically with meropenem and vancomycin, which did not improve the patient's symptoms or clinical data. We diagnosed the patient with bronchitis obliterans organizing pneumonia because the culture report of the lavage fluid obtained through bronchofiberscopy (BFS) was negative. We administered methylprednisolone (mPSL) at 500 mg/day for 3 days minipulse therapy on day 10, followed by high dose mPSL. The patient’s condition improved slightly but worsened again during the corticosteroid tapering process. A second BFS was performed on day 28, which detected L. prolificans on lavage culture. We treated the patient with voriconazole as per the literature, but it did not improve the condition, and on day 46, the patient died of multiple organ failure due to L. prolificans fungemia. An autopsy revealed macroscopically white nodules and foci of fungal mass abscess pathologically in systemic tissues, including the lung, heart, kidney, thyroid gland, and peritoneum.
Discussion
Diagnosing the rare invasive infection caused by L. prolificans in immunosuppressed patients with hematologic malignancies is difficult. We hope this case report contributes to understanding the pathogenesis of fatal L. prolificans fungemia.
Efficacy and toxicity of photon, proton, and carbon ion radiotherapy in the treatment of central nervous system solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma
Authors: Ton Mike , Deng Maximilian , Meixner Eva , Eichkorn Tanja , Krämer Anna , Seidensaal Katharina , Hörner-Rieber Juliane , Lischalk Jonathan , Herfarth Klaus , Debus Jürgen , König Laila 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Solitary fibrous tumors of the central nervous system are rare and treatment options are not well established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of radiotherapy and re-radiotherapy for de novo CNS-SFT and recurrent CNS-SFT.Methods This retrospective analysis included 35 patients (17 female, 18 male) who received RT for CNS-SFT at Heidelberg University Hospital between 2000 and 2020. Efficacy and toxicity of different RT modalities were analyzed in patients who received RT as primary treatment after de novo diagnosis (“primary group”). Of these patients, twelve developed a recurrence which was treated with re-RT (“recurrence group”). Median follow-up period was 54 months (0-282) in the primary group and 20.5 months (0–72) in the recurrence group. RT modalities included 3D-conformal RT, intensity-modulated RT, stereotactic radiosurgery, proton RT, and carbon-ion RT.Results The overall response rate was 40%, with 34% complete remissions and 6% partial remissions in the primary group, and 25% complete remissions and 17% partial remissions in the recurrence group. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year progression-free survival rates were 100%, 96%, and 86%, respectively, in the primary group, and 81%, 14%, and 14%, respectively, in the recurrence group. Proton therapy was associated with a lower likelihood of developing a recurrence in the primary setting than photon therapy (OR = 0.38; p = 0.002), likely due to higher RT-doses (median 60 Gy vs 56.43 Gy). Odds ratio for tumor recurrence was higher for women than for men (OR = 8.07; p = 0.014) with men having a median PFS of 136.3 months, compared to women with 66.2 months.Conclusion The data suggests RT as an effective treatment option for CNS-SFT, with high LPFS and PFS rates. Proton therapy may be associated with a lower risk of recurrence in the primary setting, likely due to the feasibility of higher RT-dose appliance.
Sustainable management studies against Ralstonia solanacearum causing bacterial wilt in tomato
Authors: Chauhan Ankita , Kumar Pardeep , Aravinthkumar A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In present investigation, The in vitro evaluation of different varieties against R. solanacearum showed that 4 tomato varieties (LS-89, Hawaii 7996, Hawaii 7998, Palam Pride), 2 brinjal varieties (Arka Keshav, Arka Nidhi) and 2 chilli varieties (PI201232, VI-037556) were found resistant to bacterial wilt. Among six bioagents, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma koningii (DMA-8) showed maximum inhibition zones of 21.67mm and 12.33mm against R. solanacearum, respectively with paper disc method. In case of botanicals, eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.) showed highest inhibition zone (6.73mm) followed by neem (Azadirachta indica) with 6.56mm at 20% conc. Similarly, among the organic inputs tamar lassi at 5% concentration showed maximum growth inhibition (99.21%) followed by Himsol (93.01%) through poison food technique whereas, Agniastra, Beejamrit and Lantana Ark were found ineffective in inhibiting the growth of R. solanacearum. The maximum survivability of the seedlings was 12.01 days followed by 4.41 days when the seedlings were dipped in a combination of tamar Lassi + Himsol + Panchgavya and tamar lassi alone for 60 minutes at 15% concentration, respectively. As a result of these experiments, we conclude the existence of variability in Ralstonia solanacearum incidence in Himachal Pradesh. This finding would further the research in developing appropriate management strategies to contain the perpetuation ofbacterial wilt disease in plants.
Impacts of Non-Linear Radiation and Internal Heat Generation in a Hybrid Nanofluid Mixed Convection Flow Around an Isothermal Wedge in Porous Media
Authors: Yih Kuo-Ann , Hsu Heng-Pin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, this article uses the Rosseland diffusion approximation to quantitatively evaluate the effect of non-uniform internal heat generation on radiation-mixed convection of a hybrid nanofluid flow around a wedge in porous media. It is believed that the internal heat generation has an exponential declining structure. The wedge's surface is kept at the uniform wall temperature. As the hybrid nanoparticles suspended in water to create a water hybrid nanofluid, alumina () and copper () are discussed. The non-similar governing equations are constructed using a set of transformation variables, and then the Keller box method (KBM) is used to solve them. The results are in good agreement with the published research after comparisons have been made. The dimensionless temperature profile and the local Nusselt number are plotted against the seven major parameters of mixed convection (), internal heat generation (), radiation (), surface temperature ratio (), volume fractions of nanoparticles (), and free stream velocity exponent () to show the results in both graphical and numerical form. Moreover, a thorough discussion of the issue's physical components is also included.
Twenty four-hour sleep, movement and sedentary activity profiles in adults living with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A cross-sectional latent class analysis
Authors: Feehan Lynne , Xie Hui , Lu Na , Li Linda C 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an auto-immune systemic inflammatory disease, affecting more than 17 million people globally. People with RA commonly have other chronic health conditions, have a higher risk for premature mortality, often experience chronic fatigue, pain and disrupted sleep and are less physically active and more sedentary than healthy counterparts. What remains unclear is how people with RA may balance their time sleeping and participating in non-ambulatory or walking activities over 24-hours. Nor is it known how different 24-hour sleep-movement patterns may be associated with common determinants of health in people with RA.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional exploration of objectively measured 24-hour walking, non-ambulatory, and sleep activities in 203 adults with RA. We used Latent Class Analysis to identify 24-hour sleep-movement profiles and examined how different profiles were associated with sleep, sitting and walking quality and meeting published guidelines. We conducted multinomial logistic regression to identify factors associated with likelihood of belonging to individual profiles.
Results
We identified 4 clusters, including one cluster (26%) with more balanced 24-hour sleep, sitting and walking behaviours. The other three clusters demonstrated progressively less balanced profiles; having either too little (< 7 hrs), too much (> 8 hrs), or enough sleep (7–8 hrs) in respective combination with sitting too much (> 12 hrs), walking to little (< 3 hrs) or both when awake. Age, existing sitting and walking habits and fatigue were associated with the likelihood of belonging to different profiles. More balanced 24-hour behaviour was associated with better metrics for sleep, sitting and walking quality and greater likelihood for meeting benchmarks for daily steps, weekly MVPA and Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines.
Discussion
For adults living with RA, and potentially other chronic health conditions, it is important to understand the ‘whole person’ and their ‘whole day’ to define who may benefit from support to modify 24-hour sleep-movement behaviours and for tailoring healthy lifestyle messages for which behaviours to modify. Supports should be are informed by an understanding of personal or health related factors that could be acting as barriers or facilitators to behaviour change including exploring how habitually engrained existing sitting or walking behaviours may be.
Trial Registrations
ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT02554474 (2015-09-16) and ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT03404245 (2018-01-11)
False discovery rate control: Moving beyond the Benjamini–Hochberg method
Authors: Koner Salil , Sarkar Navonil , Laha Nilanjana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Modern bioinformatics studies often involve numerous simultaneous statistical tests, increasing the risk of false discoveries. To control the false discovery rate (FDR), these studies typically employ a statistical method called the Benjamini–Hochberg (BH) method. Often, the BH approach tends to be overly conservative and overlooks valuable biological insights associated with data structures, particularly those of groups. Group structures can manifest when closely located genomic coordinates are functionally active and closely related because of co-regulation. Recent statistical advancements have led to the development of updated BH methods tailored for datasets featuring pre-existing group structures. These methods can improve the statistical power and potentially enhance scientific discoveries. In this study, we elucidated the advantages of contemporary group-aware BH methods using a previously published microRNA (miRNA) dataset. For this dataset, group-aware BH methods identified a larger set of miRNAs with significantly deregulated expression (p-value < 0.05) than the traditional BH method. These new findings are supported by existing literature on miRNAs and a related 2017 study. Our results underscore the potential of specialized BH methods for controlling the FDR in high throughput omics studies with pre-defined group structures.
Residual Cancer Burden in Two-Stage Nipple Sparing Mastectomy after First Stage Lumpectomy and Devascularization of the Nipple Areolar Complex
Authors: Thompson Candice N. , Chandler Julia , Ju Tammy , Tsai Jacqueline , Wapnir Irene 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Ischemic complications after nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) can be ameliorated by 2-stage procedures wherein devascularization (1S) of the nipple-areolar complex (NAC), lumpectomy, and nodal staging surgery is performed first prior to nipple sparing mastectomy (2S). We report amount of residual disease at NSM and time interval between procedures to evaluate the oncologic safety of this approach.
Methods
Women with breast cancer who received 2S NSM from 2015–2022 were identified. Both patient level and breast level analyses were conducted. Baseline disease amount was defined by preoperative imaging and confirmed by 1S pathology, and residual disease was defined by 2S pathology. The number of breasts with residual disease were calculated and subdivided into microscopic (1-2mm), minimal (3-10mm), and moderate (> 10mm) residual disease.
Results
59 patients (108 breasts) underwent 2S NSM. Of the 60 breasts with invasive carcinoma on 1S pathology, 65% (39/60) had no residual invasive disease on 2S pathology and 40% (24/60) had no residual invasive or in situ disease on final 2S. Most (56%) cases with residual invasive cancer had less than 10 mm of invasive disease on 2S pathology. The overall median time interval between 1S and 2S for all patients was 34 days—31 days for invasive and 41 days for DCIS subsets. Completion NSM was performed within 6 weeks for 72% (42 patients/82 breasts) of the breasts analyzed.
Conclusion
Invasive cancers were completely resected during 1S procedure in 65% of breasts. Residual disease was minimal and there was not significant upstaging of disease at 2S.
Forms and Sources of Arsenic in the Groundwater of the Northeastern Tectonic Active Zone of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: FENG Qingda , ZHANG Huaisheng , ZHAO Wenqiang , SHI Shengchao , ZHOU Jun , ZHU Guilin , NIU Zhaoxuan , ZHANG Shengsheng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
High-altitude tectonic zones are active areas for geothermal groundwater, and the elevated arsenic content within them has emerged as a significant resource and environmental concern. This study selected the Gonghe-Guide Basin in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as the subject of investigation, employing field tests of geothermal water samples, hydrochemistry, thermodynamic simulations, and statistical methods to explore the forms, distribution, and sources of arsenic in geothermal groundwater. The research data indicates that the geothermal groundwater in the area displays weak alkalinity, medium to high mineralization, with the primary hydrochemical types being SO4-Cl·Na and Cl·Na. Arsenic concentration shows a significant negative correlation with Cl− and a positive correlation with water temperature and DO. Thermodynamic simulations suggest that the predominant form of arsenic is As5+. Rock weathering, evaporative concentration, and ion-exchange adsorption collectively shape the hydrochemical characteristics of the study area, laying the environmental groundwork for the formation and migration of arsenic. Notably, the ion-exchange between sodium ions and calcium and magnesium ions significantly impacts the arsenic concentration. This study provides insights into the behavior, forms, and origins of arsenic in geothermal groundwater and offers a reference for similar research in other geothermally active regions.
The Utility of Echocardiography in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension Secondary to Idiopathic bronchiectasis
Authors: Bai Jiu-Wu , Mao Bei , Gao Yong-Hua , Wang Lan , Cao Zu , Li Jian-Xiong , Lu Hai-Wen , Liang Shuo , Cheng Ke-Bin , Xu Jin-Fu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a critical complication in bronchiectasis. However, the optimal noninvasive test for evaluating PH in bronchiectasis patients remains unknown.
Methods
This study included patients with idiopathic bronchiectasis who received right heart catheterization (RHC) to evaluate the consistency between pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and other noninvasive indicators (pulmonary artery systolic pressure [PASP] calculated by echocardiography, main pulmonary artery [MPA] diameter, and MPA/ascending aorta ratio on chest high-resolution computed tomography). It determined the optimal noninvasive indicator for identifying PH and its critical point according to the Youden Index, which were then used to investigate the proportion, risk factors, and prognostic value of PH in patients with idiopathic bronchiectasis in another large-scale population.
Results
Based on data from 82 patients with idiopathic bronchiectasis who received RHC, the PASP demonstrated the best correlation and consistency with the mean or systolic PAP, with a critical point of 44 mmHg. According to this critical point, the predicted proportion of PH was 11.3% (182/1606) in another idiopathic bronchiectasis population. Regression analyses showed that age, cystic or mixed type, and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (N-proBNP) were independent risk factors for PH in patients with idiopathic bronchiectasis. Follow-up data showed that mortality was higher in patients with idiopathic bronchiectasis with (n = 182; 24 deaths) than without (n = 1424; 101 deaths) PH (log-rank test = 7.783, P = 0.0053) diagnosed using the PASP.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that echocardiography is a noninvasive and dependable tool for identifying PH in patients with idiopathic bronchiectasis. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03883048).