bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transitional cell carcinoma of ureteral stump after radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Nagatsuma Katsumi , Tachibana Masaaki , Miyakawa Ayako , Asanuma Hiroshi , Murai Masaru 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA 68‐year‐old male presented with microscopic hematuria during a routine checkup after undergoing a radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. Retrograde ureterography demonstrated a ureteral stump tumor. The ureteral stump was completely resected with a bladder cuff and histologic diagnosis was grade 2 to 3 transitional cell carcinoma of the ureteral stump. He is doing well and has been tumor‐free for 2 years. The ureteral stump must be correctly evaluated using retrograde ureterography in any patient with a prior history of bladder cancer. Even if a patient had no history of ureterial cancer, whenever hematuria is present in the follow‐up period after nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma, a retrograde pyelogram should be performed.
Post‐traumatic high flow priapism: A case report
Authors: Touge Hiroshi , Watanabe Toshiyuki , Fujinaga Takuji , Kawabata Mamoru 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA case of post‐traumatic high flow priapism in a 32‐year‐old man is reported. The diagnosis was based on cavernous blood gas analysis and left internal pudendal arteriography. He was treated by unilateral super‐selective embolization of the fistula with coils and gelatin sponge. At 1 month after embolization, erectile function had recovered, as demonstrated by measurement of nocturnal penile tumescence.
Burch bladder neck suspension for cystocele repair: The necessity of combined vaginal procedures for severe cases
Authors: Sekine Hideaki , Kojima Shin‐Ichi , Igarashi Kazumasa , Toyoshima Toyoteru , Hayashi Tetsuo , Shimoji Yoshitaka 
Published: March 2003

Background: Burch operation is an accepted form of bladder neck suspension for small cystoceles. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of Burch repair for severe cystoceles compared with Burch repair along with vaginal procedures.Methods: A total of 14 patients with severe cystocele (grade III–IV) treated with open Burch operation were evaluated retrospectively. Of these patients, eight were Burch only and the remaining six underwent combined Burch with vaginal repair (anteroposterior vaginal wall plasty and hysterectomy).Results: After a mean follow up of 40 months (range 6–80), cystocele recurred in one patient at 1 month, and rectocele became prominent in three patients, including one who also presented uterine prolapse among the Burch‐only group. Conversely, all six patients who underwent the combined operation showed no occurrence of cystocele or rectocele. The proportion of patients not failing treatment was significantly higher in the combined operation group than in the Burch‐only group. Intermittent self‐catheterization was needed in one patient from the combined operation group for 6 months, but all other patients had restored smooth urination within a few weeks after the operation.Conclusions: The results suggest that, for severe cystoceles, Burch‐only repair is insufficient and combined Burch with vaginal repair should be used to manage various pelvic hypermobility symptoms.
Effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (lenograstim) on chemotherapy induced neutropenia in patients with urothelial cancer
Authors: KOTAKE TOSHIHIKO , USAMI MICHIYUKI , MIKI TSUNEHARU , TOGASHI MASAKI , AKAZA HIDEYUKI , KUBOTA YOSHINOBU , MATSUMURA YOUSUKE 
Published: March 2003

Background: A multicenter cooperative study to evaluate clinical usefulness of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rG‐CSF; lenograstim) in the treatment of neutropenia associated with cancer chemotherapy was conducted in patients with urothelial cancer.Methods: Therapeutic responses were compared within each patient between the observation and study treatment phases.Results: Treatment with rG‐CSF raised the nadir of the neutrophil count (343 to 3015/mm3), reduced the duration of neutropenia (6.2 to 0.4 days) and hastened recovery from the neutropenic state (23.5 to 5.5 days). Febrile neutropenia was encountered in 12 patients during the observation phase alone and in only one patient during the study treatment phase alone. The mean duration of febrile neutropenia was also shortened (0.39 to 0.12 days). In addition, the duration of antibiotic therapy was significantly reduced during treatment. The percentage of patients completing the chemotherapeutic regimens of combination M‐VAC therapy was markedly increased to 81.0% as a result of rG‐CSF therapy compared with 44.8% in the observation phase. Adverse reactions were observed in four patients and abnormal laboratory values were found in nine patients. None of these adverse events was of a serious nature.Conclusions: These results indicate that rG‐CSF is a useful drug for the treatment of neutropenia associated with chemotherapy in urothelial cancer.
A case of renal pseudotumor associated with chronic pachymeningitis
Authors: TANAKA TSUTOMU , HAMAGUCHI AKIKAZU , KUSHIMA RYOJI , OKADA YUSAKU 
Published: March 2003

Background: A 56‐year‐old woman was referred to our hospital with a left renal mass.Methods/Results: Radiologic studies demonstrated a solitary space‐occupying lesion in the left kidney and a malignant tumor was suspected. Left radical nephrectomy was then performed. Pathological examination revealed a sclerotic fibrous lesion with a rather distinct margin and no evidence of malignancy. These pathological findings were consistent with the diagnosis of a renal pseudotumor.Conclusions: This patient had a history of chronic pachymeningitis that formed a thoracic epidural focus causing spinal cord compression and the histologic appearance of this focus was similar to the renal lesion. It was concluded that this was a rare case of a renal pseudotumor associated with multifocal fibrosclerosis.
A case of incidentally detected Castleman’s disease with retroperitoneal paravertebral localization
Authors: Aygun Cem , Tekin M Ilteris , Demirhan Beyhan , Peskircioglu C Levent , Agildere Muhtesem , Ozkardes Hakan 
Published: March 2003

AbstractCastleman’s disease, or angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia, is a fairly rare benign tumor of lymphoid origin. The expected localization is mediastinum and rarely retroperitoneum. An asymptomatic case is reported with multimodality imaging and postoperative findings. The lesion was detected incidentally on routine chest radiogram. Surgical exploration revealed a retroperitoneal mass and the mass was resected successfully through a thoracoabdominal flank incision. Castleman’s disease should be included in the list of differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal masses which are mostly malignant tumors.
Endoscopic neodymium:yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) laser irradiation of a bladder hemangioma associated with Klippel–Weber syndrome
Authors: Kato Masanori , Chiba Yutaka , Sakai Kiyohide , Orikasa Seiichi 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA case of endoscopic neodymium:yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) laser coagulation of a bladder hemangioma associated with Klippel–Weber syndrome is presented. The patient presented with extensive nevus and swelling of the left lower limb since birth. She was diagnosed with Klippel–Weber syndrome by angiography at the age of 1 year. Gross hematuria had been observed since she was 1 year old and, in addition, endoscopic examination revealed diffuse bladder hemangiomas. At 8 years of age, gross hematuria became worse and gait disturbance also appeared. She was referred to the Department of Urology at Tohoku University School of Medicine for endoscopic treatment in June 1998. Under general anesthesia, the bladder was inflated with CO2 gas and the hemangiomas were coagulated by Nd:YAG laser photonic irradiation endoscopically. Gross hematuria was markedly improved immediately following this treatment. Klippel–Weber syndrome is a rather uncommon disease which shows various types of vascular anomaly and hypertrophy of the lower extremities. Three to 6% of the patients have associated bladder hemangiomas. Although Nd:YAG laser irradiation provides results superior to alternative therapy and is the preferred treatment for most patients with bladder hemangioma, in this case, hemangiomas are multiple and present the possibility of re‐bleeding, therefore long‐term and close follow up is important.
Congenital urethrocutaneous fistula
Authors: Nakane Akihiro , Hayashi Yutaro , Kojima Yoshiyuki , Mizuno Kentaro , Okada Atsushi , Sasaki Shoichi , Kohri Kenjiro 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: A 3‐year‐old boy visited our hospital for aberrance of urination. He had a fistula on his ventral penile shaft. Our diagnosis was congenital urethrocutaneous fistula.
Methods/Results
: We performed one‐stage repair transverse preputial onlay island flap urethroplasty. Postoperatively, the patient was voiding comfortably with no recurrence of fistula.
Conclusions
: Congenital urethrocutaneous fistula is rare. Eighteen cases of congenital urethrocutaneous fistula have been reported previously. We consider the etiology of congenital urethrocutaneous fistula as a deficiency of the urethral plate and fusion of urethral folds.
Immunohistochemical demonstration of cyclin D1 in bladder cancers as an inverse indicator of invasiveness but not an independent prognostic factor
Authors: Takagi Yasuharu , Takashi Munehisa , Koshikawa Takashi , Sakata Takao , Ohshima Shinichi 
Published: March 2003

Background:Cyclin D1 is essential for G1progression through the cell cycle phase. It is a possible proto‐oncogene whose aberrant expression may be responsible for the occurrence of some types of human neoplasms. The objective of the present study was to demonstrate immunohistochemically cyclin D1 expression in bladder cancer tissues and establish any relationship with the histologic findings and the clinical course.Methods:Tissue from 102 patients with bladder cancers and bladder tissue from five normal subjects were used for an immunohistochemical study of cyclin D1 using the avidin–biotin complex method.Results:Nuclear staining of cyclin D1 was found in 79 (77%) out of the 102 cases of bladder cancer. The five cases of normal epithelium had no immunostaining for cyclin D1. All grade 1 tumors were positive for cyclin D1. With the advance of tumor grade the incidence of cyclin D1 decreased. All pTa tumors stained positively for cyclin D1, whereas the positive staining rates of invasive tumors were 47% in pT1, 73% in pT2, 31% in pT3 and 0% in pT4 tumors. Although a univariate analysis revealed patients with lesions positive to cyclin D1 had more favorable survival rates than those with negative findings, a multivariate analysis showed that positivity for cyclin D1 is not an independent prognostic factor. No relationship was discovered between positivity for cyclin D1 and tumor recurrence in patients with superficial bladder cancers.Conclusions:These findings suggest that cyclin D1 demonstrated immunohistochemically could be used as an inverse indicator for the level of invasiveness of bladder cancer, but not as an independent prognostic factor.
Changes in the incidence of lower urinary tract stones in Japan from 1965 to 1995
Authors: Terai Akito , Okada Yusaku , Ohkawa Tadashi , Ogawa Osamu , Yoshida Osamu 
Published: March 2003

Abstract Background The changes over time of the annual incidence of lower urinary tract stones in Japan from 1965 to 1995 were analyzed.Methods Data on lower urinary tract calculi were abstracted from the past three nationwide surveys of urolithiasis, which covered nearly all major hospitals and urologists in Japan and enumerated all outpatient visits diagnosed as urolithiasis in the years 1965, 1975, 1985 and 1995. Chronological changes in the sex‐ and age‐related annual incidences of lower urinary tract stones and stone composition were estimated.Results Lower urinary tract stones were predominant in men 60 years of age or older. Between 1965 and 1995, the annual incidence has significantly decreased in men ≥ 60 years of age from 37.2 to 27.0 per 100 000 and significantly increased in women ≥ 60 years of age from 2.4 to 4.8 per 100 000. In men, an increased proportion of uric acid and calcium stones as well as a decreased frequency of infection stones is a phenomenon common to upper urinary tract stones. However, infection and calcium stones have been two major stone types in women.Conclusions In contrast to upper urinary tract calculi, the incidence of lower urinary tract stones has decreased over the last 30 years in men ≥ 60 years of age predisposed to this disease.
Roles of p53 and MDM2 in tumor proliferation and determination of the prognosis of transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter
Authors: Hashimoto Hiroshi , Sue Yoichi , Saga Yuji , Tokumitsu Masayuki , Yachiku Sunao 
Published: March 2003

Abstract Background The significance of p53 overexpression for the prognosis of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the renal pelvis and ureter remains controversial. Simultaneous evaluation of p53 and MDM2 may enable better prediction of tumor proliferation and patient prognosis than that obtained with evaluation of p53 alone.Methods Immunohistochemical detection of p53 protein, MDM2 protein and Ki‐67 antigen as proliferation markers was performed for tissue samples obtained from 74 patients with TCC of the renal pelvis and ureter. The correlations of p53/MDM2 overexpression with conventional pathological features, Ki‐67 labelling index (LI) and patient survival were studied.Results Overexpression of p53 was related to progression of each of the pathological features examined (grade, stage, type of infiltration, vascular invasion and lymphatic invasion) and Ki‐67 LI was significantly higher with high p53 expression than with low p53 expression. However, overexpression of MDM2 was related to neither disease progression nor Ki‐67 LI. Survival analyses were performed for 66 patients. Univariate analysis showed p53 to be a useful prognostic indicator, but in a multivariate analysis only type of infiltration and Ki‐67 LI were independent survival markers, while p53 was not. Overexpression of MDM2 was unrelated to patient survival, and the combination of p53 and MDM2 for survival indication was found not to be useful.Conclusions Overexpression of p53 is related to disease progression, increased tumor proliferation and patient survival for TCC of the renal pelvis and ureter, but the independent prognostic value of p53 did not reach statistical significance. Combined analysis of MDM2 with p53 cannot be recommended for examination of the malignant potential of TCC of the renal pelvis and ureter.
Microscopic hematuria as a screening marker for urinary tract malignancies
Authors: Sugimura Kazunobu , Ikemoto Shin‐Ichi , Kawashima Hidenori , Nishisaka Noboyasu , Kishimoto Taketoshi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract Background: Although a mass screening urinalysis is a widely accepted procedure, it has not yet been shown if microhematuria is an appropriate and useful screening marker for urologic malignancies.Methods: (1) The incidence of hematuria was studied in 113 patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), 185 with bladder carcinoma and 51 with renal pelvic or ureteral carcinoma. The association of the T stage with the intensity of hematuria in each malignancy was also examined. (2) In 823 asymptomatic adults with microhematuria, the prevalence of these malignancies was studied retrospectively to find the positive predictive value (PPV).Results: (1) The incidence of hematuria was 35% for RCC, including gross and microhematuria. Advanced RCC (T3 and T4) were diagnosed more frequently in the gross hematuria group than in the microhematuria and no hematuria groups. In contrast, the incidence of hematuria was 94% for urothelial carcinomas either in the upper urinary tract or in the bladder. There was no significant difference in the T stage nor grade between the gross hematuria group and the microhematuria group. (2) Regarding asymptomatic microhematuria, the PPV was 1.7% (14 cases) for bladder carcinoma, 0.4% (3 cases) for ureteral/renal pelvic carcinoma and 0.2% (2 cases) for RCC. In men aged 50 years or older, PPV was 6.2% for urothelial carcinomas. In 14 cases of bladder carcinoma, 3 cases showed muscle invasion.Conclusions: Microhematuria is an appropriate screening marker for urothelial carcinomas, particularly in elderly men, but not for RCC. However, it is unlikely that a mass screening urinalysis using a single voided urine sample would contribute to earlier detection of bladder carcinoma.
The prevalence of renal cell carcinoma: A nation‐wide survey in Japan in 1997
Authors: Marumo Ken , Satomi Yoshiaki , Miyao Noriomi , Hasegawa Michihiko , Tomita Yoshihiko , Igarashi Tatsuo , Onishi Tetsuro , Nakazawa Hayakazu , Fukuda Momokuni , Ozono Seiichiro , Terachi Toshiro , Tsushima Tomoyasu , Nakamoto Takahisa , Kawamura Juichi ,   THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF RENAL CANCER
Published: March 2003

Abstract Background: The present study was conducted to investigate the incidence of renal cell carcinoma by sex, age group and different regions in Japan.Methods: The survey was conducted from the beginning of January 1997 to the end of December 1997. A total of 1306 Institutions in all 47 prefectures throughout Japan were requested to register cases.Results: There were 6358 persons with renal cell carcinoma, consisting of 4372 men and 1986 women. The age‐specific incidence rates showed a peak in the age group of 65–70 years in both men and women. The crude incidence rates per 100 000 population for men and women were 7.1 and 3.1, respectively, and age‐standardized incidence rates per 100 000 population for men and women were 4.9 and 1.8, respectively. The incidence rates in the Hokkaido region were significantly higher than in other regions (P < 0.05), among which there was no significant difference in incidence rates.Conclusions: The present study showed that the incidence rates of renal cell carcinoma in Japan were approximately the same as among Japanese in Los Angeles. The rates were, however, lower than North American and European countries, but higher than China, Central or South American countries and African countries. The reasons for the high incidence of renal cancer in the Hokkaido region are not entirely clear. Further epidemiologic research is required.
Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty for proximal hypospadias
Authors: Mizuno Kentaro , Hayashi Yutaro , Kojima Yoshiyuki , Tozawa Keiichi , Sasaki Shoichi , Kohri Kenjiro 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Objectives
: Numerous surgical procedures have been used to correct distal hypospadias. Among them, the tubularized incised plate urethroplasty (Snodgrass procedure) has become a mainstay for the repair of distal hypospadias. We applied the procedure to proximal hypospadias.
Methods
: Three patients with proximal hypospadias underwent a tubularized incised urethral plate urethroplasty. The location of the meatus was proximal penis in one, penoscrotal margin in one and scrotum in one. A perimeatal incision was made and the two paramedian incisions were extended to the tip of the glans. The skin of the penile shaft was dissected free to the penoscrotal junction and bands of fibrous tissue were excised until the corpus spongiosum proximal to the meatus was completely exposed inside the scrotum. The urethral plate was then incised in its midline from the tip of the glans to the hypospadiac meatus and was tubularized without tension. The neourethra was covered with a pedicle of subcutaneous tissue dissected from the dorsal skin or the scrotal skin to avoid fistula formation.
Results
: The tubularized incised urethral plate urethroplasty was carried out successfully in one stage on three patients with proximal hypospadias.
Conclusions
: The Snodgrass procedure is suitable for correcting hypospadias in patients with a healthy urethral plate. It is also suitable in patients with proximal hypospadias.
Clinical features of prostate cancer patients younger than 50 years: Report of seven cases
Authors: Kanto Satoru , Ohyama Chikara , Okada Yasuhiro , MitSukawa Shiro , Takemoto Jun , Hoshi Senji , Orikasa Seiichi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: The incidence of prostate cancer increases with age and latent cancer is common in older men. But clinical prostate cancer is rare in men aged < 50 years.
Methods
: Between 1988 and 2000, we studied seven cases of prostate cancer in men aged under 50 years. The clinicopathological results included: the first sign or symptom; prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) at the time of diagnosis; existence of abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE); the differentiation of the cancer and Gleason score; and the outcome of treatment.
Results
: Six cases were diagnosed as stage D2. One case was diagnosed as stage B2 and the patient underwent radical prostatectomy. None of the cases were detected by mass screening. The PSA at diagnosis was < 10 ng/mL in only one case and that patient underwent radical prostatectomy. Six cases were diagnosed pathologically as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The only patient who survived more than 5 years underwent radical prostatectomy.
Conclusion
: Six of seven cases of prostate cancer were detected at advanced stage. Only one case was thought to be curable and this patient’s cancer was detected by chance occult blood test. Because young prostate cancer patients are potential candidates for radical prostatectomy and the sensitivity of PSA might be higher in young men, high‐risk groups could be screened by PSA.
Prolonged liver dysfunction caused by hemosiderosis in a renal transplant recipient
Authors: OGIHARA MASAHIKO , YANAGIDA TOMOHIKO , KAMATA TATSUHIKO , NAKAMURA TAKAYUKI , SUZUKI KAZUHIRO , HAGA NOBUHIRO , SUZUKI TAKAYUKI , YAMAGUCHI OSAMU 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: Liver dysfunction is a frequent complication that arises in the period following kidney transplantations, often resulting in death. We reported a case proving hemosiderosis as a cause of prolonged liver dysfunction after cadaveric kidney transplantation.
Methods
:A 47‐year‐old man, who had been undergoing hemodialysis, was referred to our hospital on 2 November 1999. On the same day, cadaveric kidney transplantation was performed, and serum creatinine level reached a normal level within 2 weeks after surgery. However, serum transaminase gradually increased in the postoperative period. Serum ALT rose up to 116 IU/L on day 20 after the operation and 215 IU/L on day 30. Microscopic examination by needle biopsy revealed hemosiderosis of the liver. Recombinant human erythropoietin was administered and phlebotomy was performed. Liver function improved as a result.
Conclusion
:Early histological diagnosis can be a useful marker in predicting the course of chronic liver disease.