bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Neighborhood Deprivation and Social Vulnerability on Outcomes and Interventions in Patients with Cleft Palate
Authors: Varagur Kaamya , Murphy John , Skolnick Gary B. , Naidoo Sybill D. , Grames Lynn M. , Dunsky Katherine A. , Menezes Maithilee , Snyder-Warwick Alison K. , Patel Kamlesh B. 
Published: January 2024

Objective To examine whether neighborhood disadvantage impacts length of follow-up, interventions, and outcomes for patients with cleft palate. Design Retrospective cohort. Setting Cleft Palate Craniofacial Institute Database at St. Louis Children's Hospital. Patients/Participants Patients with cleft palate following in St. Louis Children's Hospital Cleft Palate Multidisciplinary Team Clinic. Interventions Primary palatoplasty between 2012–2017. Patients were divided into quartiles across area deprivation index (ADI) and social vulnerability index (SVI), two validated, composite metrics of neighborhood disadvantage, to examine whether living in neighborhoods from different deprivation quartiles impacts outcomes of interest. Main Outcome Measure Follow-up through age 5, surgeries and surgical complications, speech, developmental, and behavioral outcomes Results 205 patients were included. 39% of patients belonged to the most deprived ADI quartile, while 15% belonged to the most vulnerable SVI quartile. There were no differences between ADI or SVI quartiles in number of operations received (p ≥ 0.40). Patients in the most deprived ADI quartile were significantly more likely to have speech/language concerns (OR 2.32, 95% CI [1.20–4.89], p = 0.01). Being in a more vulnerable SVI quartile was associated with developmental delay (OR 2.29, 95% CI [1.04–5.15], p = 0.04). ADI and SVI quartile did not impact risk of loss to follow-up in the isolated and combined cleft lip and palate subgroups (p ≥ 0.21). Conclusions Neighborhood disadvantage impacts speech and developmental outcomes in patients with cleft palate despite comparable length of follow-up in multidisciplinary team clinic.
Cardiac Arrest-Associated Coagulopathy Could Predict 30-day Mortality: A Retrospective Study from Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV Database
Authors: Duan Jingwei , Ge Hongxia , Fan Wenyang , Du Lanfang , Zhang Hua , Jiamaliding Ayijiang , Duan Baomin , Ma Qingbian 
Published: January 2024

Background Cardiac arrest (CA) can activate the coagulation system. Some coagulation-related indicators are associated with clinical outcomes. Early evaluation of patients with cardiac arrest-associated coagulopathy (CAAC) not only predicts clinical outcomes, but also allows for timely clinical intervention to prevent disseminated intravascular coagulation. Objective To assess whether CAAC predicts 30-day cumulative mortality. Methods From the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database, we conducted a retrospective cohort study from 2008 to 2019. Based on international normalized ratio (INR) value and platelet count, we diagnosed CAAC cases and made the following stratification of severity: mild CAAC was defined as 1.4 > INR≧1.2 and 100,000/µL < platelet count≦150,000/µL; moderate CAAC was defined with either 1.6 > INR≧1.4 or 80,000/µL < platelet count≦100,000/µL; severe CAAC was defined as an INR≧1.6 and platelet count≦80,000/µL. Results A total of 1485 patients were included. Crude survival analysis showed that patients with CAAC had higher mortality risk than those without CAAC (33.0% vs 52.0%, P < 0.001). Unadjusted survival analysis showed an incremental increase in the risk of mortality as the severity of CAAC increased. After adjusting confounders (prehospital characteristics and hospitalization characteristics), CAAC was independently associated with 30-day mortality (hazard rate [HR] 1.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.41–2.25; P < 0.001); moderate CAAC (HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.09–2.10; P = 0.027) and severe CAAC (HR 2.22, 95% CI 1.64–2.97; P < 0.001) were independently associated with 30-day mortality. Conclusion The presence of CAAC identifies a group of CA at higher risk for mortality, and there is an incremental increase in risk of mortality as the severity of CAAC increases. However, the results of this study should be further verified by multicenter study.
A meta-ethnography of autistic people’s experiences of social camouflaging and its relationship with mental health
Authors: Field Sarah L , Williams Marc O , Jones Catherine R G , Fox John R E 
Published: January 2024

Some autistic people use strategies to hide autistic behaviour and appear more neurotypical. Previous research has linked this ‘social camouflaging’ with mental health difficulties. This review synthesised qualitative research to explore the relationship between camouflaging and mental health. Thirteen studies were systematically identified, appraised and synthesised using meta-ethnography. Four third-order concepts were developed, describing camouflaging as an attempt to cope with stressful social contexts which impact mental health. Many autistic people experienced unintended negative consequences of their camouflaging that increased stress. Potential mechanisms for the relationship between camouflaging and mental health related to the qualities of the strategies that were used. Camouflaging strategies that were superficially ‘successful’ involved high levels of self-monitoring, were highly cognitively demanding or highly habitual and appeared more linked to poor mental health. This should be investigated in future research and has potential implications for how clinicians support autistic people with mental health difficulties. Lay Abstract Some autistic people describe trying to hide autistic behaviour and seem more neurotypical. Researchers called this ‘social camouflaging’ and have linked it with mental health difficulties. We used a step-by-step approach to identify research where autistic people talk about social camouflaging to explore the relationship between camouflaging and poor mental health. Thirteen studies were combined. The results describe how society negatively impacts autistic people’s mental health, and camouflaging is a way to try and cope with this. Many autistic people find their camouflaging strategies have accidental negative consequences which also affect their mental health. Strategies which seemed ‘successful’ involved a lot of self-monitoring, were very mentally demanding or were very habitual and seemed to have more of an effect on mental health. This might be important for clinicians who support autistic people with mental health difficulties.
Numerical and experimental investigation of aerodynamic noise from a cooling fan in a turbulent flow
Authors: Lakzayi Hassan , Pouransari Zeinab , KargarAbjahan MohammadReza 
Published: January 2024

The investigation into aerodynamic noise arising from rotating surfaces bears significant practical implications. Among these, engine cooling fans have persistently been identified as primary contributors to vehicle noise. This study aims to provide a deeper comprehension of the complex unsteady flow dynamics surrounding an automotive cooling fan and its consequential impact on the generation of aerodynamic noise. Prediction of sound generated from fluid flow, despite its difficulty, can be simulated using modern numerical techniques and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). This research undertakes both numerical and experimental investigations. The experiment involves evaluating fan pressure against mass flow rate at 1500 rpm, while aerodynamic noise assessment transpires at two rotational speeds of 1500 rpm and 2500 rpm. Empirical sound pressure level data of the fan is meticulously captured using the requisite measurement apparatus. In addition, numerical investigations of the aerodynamic noise of an automotive cooling fan based on computational fluid dynamics and computational aeroacoustic (CAA) method have been performed. Initially, a steady-state aerodynamic simulation is carried out, followed by the simulation of the flow field through the application of the improved delayed detached eddy simulation (IDDES) formulation. The pressure rise of the fan versus the mass flow rate is obtained. The satisfactory concurrence observed between the simulation outcomes derived from the numerical method and the experimental dataset stands as notable validation. For the aeroacoustic computation, the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings model is invoked to deduce sound pressure levels at specific flow points. The broadband noise sources model is also used to obtain the sound power level on the blade surface. Conclusively, it emerges that maximal noise manifestation occurs at a 90° degree angle, corresponding to the hub’s frontal orientation, with discernible dominance of tonal noise within lower frequency ranges (sub-1000 Hz).
A randomized waitlist control trial of the Make the Connection® online program for caregivers of infants and young children: Study protocol
Authors: Barriault Sophie , Deneault Audrey-Ann , Kempe Samantha , Madigan Sheri , Lovegrove Anne , Dimitropoulos Gina , Riddell Rebecca Pillai , Racine Nicole 
Published: January 2024

Background A positive child-caregiver relationship is one of the strongest determinants of child health and development, yet many caregivers report challenges in establishing a positive relationship with their child. For over 20 years, Make the Connection® (MTC), an evidence-based parenting program, has been delivered in-person by child-caring professionals to over 120,000 parents to improve positive parenting behaviours and attitudes. Recently, MTC has been adapted into a ‘direct to caregiver’ online platform to increase scalability and accessibility. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the online modality of MTC in increasing parenting knowledge, attitudes, and the perceived relationship with their child, and to understand barriers and facilitators to its access. Methods Two hundred caregivers with children aged 0-3 years old will be recruited through Public Health agencies in Ontario, Canada. Participants will be randomly placed in the intervention or waitlist control group. Both groups will complete a battery of questionnaires at study enrolment and 8 weeks later. The intervention group will receive the MTC online program during the 8-week period, while the waitlist group will receive the program after an 8-week wait. The study questionnaires will address demographic information, caregivers’ relational attitudes towards their infant, self-competence in their caregiver role, depression, and caregiver stress, as well as caregivers’ and infants’ emotion regulation. Discussion Results from this study will add critical knowledge to the development, scaling, and roll out of the MTC online program, thus increasing its capacity to reach a greater number of families. Trial registration The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on 15 March 2023 (NCT05770414).
Cardioprotective Effect of Nano Gold Kalimag Injection via Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Improving Myocardial Energy Metabolism in Ischemic Heart Injury Model
Authors: Cha Jin-A , Sim Un-Rim , Mun Song-Chol , Kim Ji-Myong , Kang Kwon-Gi , Choe Sol-Hyang 
Published: January 2024

Background: Many people worldwide die from cardiovascular diseases. Myocardial ischemia can be induced by atherosclerosis, and the main factor responsible for atherosclerosis is the deposition of lipid peroxide in vessels. Therefore, atherogenesis may be prevented and treated at the cellular level by preventing oxidative stress using the properties of nanogold, magnesium and potassium. In this study, we have elucidated the cardioprotective effect of Nano Gold Kalimag injection (NGKM) in the ischemic heart injury model in rats. Methods: The ischemic heart injury models were made with adrenaline and pituitrin, and a few myocardial damage-related parameters of the models were observed after NGKM injection. After NGKM injection, the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transamiase (AST), and creatine kinase (CK) in an ischemic heart injury model in rats were detected, and TTC staining and H&E staining were performed. In addition, in the myocardial tissues of rats, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase, and Na+-K+-ATPase activity were measured, and lactate content and ATP content were measured. Results: NGKM can reduce the infarct area in the ischemic heart injury model and significantly lower LDH, AST, and CK levels. SOD, GSH-Px, and arterial tissue CAT levels significantly increased compared to the model, and MDA contents significantly decreased in myocardial tissue compared to the model group. In addition, myocardial tissue ATP content and Na+-K+-ATPase level in myocardial tissues significantly increased compared to the model group, and lactate content in myocardial tissue significantly decreased compared to the model group. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that NGKM injection has cardioprotective effects by inhibiting oxidative stress in an ischemic heart injury model in rats.
Risk factors for clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential in people with HIV: a report from the REPRIEVE trial
Authors: Bhattacharya Romit , Uddin Md Mesbah , Patel Aniruddh P. , Niroula Abhishek , Finneran Phoebe , Bernardo Rachel , Fitch Kathleen V. , Lu Michael T. , Bloomfield Gerald S. , Malvestutto Carlos , Aberg Judy A. , Fichtenbaum Carl J. , Hornsby Whitney , Ribaudo Heather J. , Libby Peter , Ebert Benjamin L. , Zanni Markella V. , Douglas Pamela S. , Grinspoon Steven K. , Natarajan Pradeep 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), the clonal expansion of myeloid cells with leukemogenic mutations, results in increased coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. CHIP is more prevalent among people with HIV (PWH), but the risk factors are unknown. CHIP was identified among PWH in REPRIEVE (Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV) using whole-exome sequencing. Logistic regression was used to associate sociodemographic factors and HIV-specific factors with CHIP adjusting for age, sex, and smoking status. In the studied global cohort of 4486 PWH, mean age was 49.9 (standard deviation [SD], 6.4) years; 1650 (36.8%) were female; and 3418 (76.2%) were non-White. CHIP was identified in 223 of 4486 (4.97%) and in 38 of 373 (10.2%) among those aged ≥60 years. Age (odds ratio [OR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.09; P &lt; .0001) and smoking (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.14-1.66; P &lt; .001) associated with increased odds of CHIP. Globally, participants outside of North America had lower odds of CHIP including sub-Saharan Africa (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.4-0.81; P = .0019), South Asia (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.23-0.80; P = .01), and Latin America/Caribbean (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.34-0.87; P = .014). Hispanic/Latino ethnicity (OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.23-0.54; P = .002) associated with significantly lower odds of CHIP. Among HIV-specific factors, CD4 nadir &lt;50 cells/mm3 associated with a 1.9-fold (95%CI, 1.21-3.05; P = .006) increased odds of CHIP, with the effect being significantly stronger among individuals with short duration of antiretroviral therapy (ART; OR, 4.15; 95% CI, 1.51-11.1; P = .005) (Pinteraction= .0492). Among PWH at low-to-moderate CAD risk on stable ART, smoking, CD4 nadir, North American origin, and non-Hispanic ethnicity associated with increased odds of CHIP. This trial was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT02344290.
Comparison of antibody-based immunotherapeutics for malignant hematological disease in an experimental murine model
Authors: Frebel Karin , Albring Jörn C. , Wohlgemuth Anika , Schwöppe Christian , Hailfinger Stephan , Lenz Georg , Stelljes Matthias 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Antibody-based immunotherapies have revolutionized leukemia and lymphoma treatment, with animal studies being crucial in evaluating effectiveness and side effects. By targeting the evolutionary conserved Slamf7 immune receptor, which is naturally expressed by the murine multiple myeloma cell line MPC-11, we have developed a syngeneic mouse model for direct comparison of 3 immunotherapies: monoclonal antibodies (mAb), bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTE), and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells (CART), all targeting Slamf7. Slamf7-BiTE is a bispecific single-chain antibody consisting of α-Slamf7 and α-CD3 Fv fragments joined through a Gly-Ser linker, and Slamf7-CART comprises the α-Slamf7 Fv fragment fused to the msCD8α transmembrane and msCD28, 4-1BB, and CD3ζ intracellular signaling domains. Slamf7-BiTE and Slamf7-CART effectively killed MPC-11 cells in vitro, independently of Slamf7-mediated inhibitory signaling by self-ligation. After chimerizing the constant region of the rat–anti-mouse Slamf7 antibody to mouse Fc-immunoglobulin G2a for enhanced effector functions, Slamf7-mAb triggered antigen-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity by binding to Fcγ receptor IV. In vivo, all 3 immunotherapies showed antitumor effects against Slamf7-expressing targets. Unlike Slamf7-mAb, Slamf7-BiTE led to considerable side effects in test animals, including weight loss and general malaise, which were also observed to a lesser extent after Slamf7-CART infusion. In allogeneic transplant, Slamf7-BiTE and Slamf7-CART maintained activity compared with the nontransplant setting, whereas Slamf7-mAb displayed enhanced antimyeloma activity. In summary, our model faithfully replicates treatment efficacy and side effects detected after human immunotherapy. It aids in developing and improving immunotherapies and may help devise novel approaches to mitigate undesired effects in steady state and allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Prophylactic maintenance with venetoclax/azacitidine after reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic transplant for high-risk MDS and AML
Authors: Garcia Jacqueline S. , Kim Haesook T. , Murdock H. Moses , Ansuinelli Michela , Brock Jennifer , Cutler Corey S. , Gooptu Mahasweta , Ho Vincent T. , Koreth John , Nikiforow Sarah , Romee Rizwan , Shapiro Roman , DeAngelo Daniel J. , Stone Richard M. , Bat-Erdene Denbaa , Ryan Jeremy , Contreras Manuel E. , Fell Geoffrey , Letai Anthony , Ritz Jerome , Lindsley R. Coleman , Soiffer Robert J. , Antin Joseph H. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We conducted a phase 1 trial assessing safety and efficacy of prophylactic maintenance therapy with venetoclax and azacitidine (Ven/Aza) for patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)/acute myeloid leukemia (AML) undergoing reduced intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) after Ven and fludarabine/busulfan conditioning (Ven/FluBu2 allo-SCT) with tacrolimus and methotrexate as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. Among 27 patients who underwent Ven/FluBu2 allo-SCT (55.6% with prior Ven exposure, and 96% with positive molecular measurable residual disease), 22 received maintenance therapy with Aza 36 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1 to 5, and Ven 400 mg by mouth on days 1 to 14 per assigned dose schedule/level (42-day cycles × 8, or 28-day cycles × 12). During maintenance, the most common grade 3-4 adverse events were leukopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia, which were transient and manageable. Infections were uncommon (n = 4, all grade 1-2). The 1-year and 2-year moderate/severe chronic GVHD rates were 4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3%-18%) and 22% (95% CI, 9%-40%), respectively. After a median follow-up of 25 months among survivors, the median overall survival (OS) was not reached. Among the 22 patients who received Ven/Aza maintenance, the 2-year OS, progression-free survival, nonrelapse mortality, and cumulative incidence of relapse rates were 67% (95% CI, 43%-83%), 59% (95% CI, 36%-76%), 0%, and 41% (95% CI, 20%-61%), respectively. Immune monitoring demonstrated no significant impact on T-cell expansion but identified reduced B-cell expansion compared with controls. This study demonstrates prophylactic Ven/Aza maintenance can be safely administered for patients with high-risk MDS/AML, but a randomized study is required to properly assess any potential benefit. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03613532.
Motion Planning for Autonomous Driving with Real Traffic Data Validation
Authors: Chu Wenbo , Yang Kai , Li Shen , Tang Xiaolin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAccurate trajectory prediction of surrounding road users is the fundamental input for motion planning, which enables safe autonomous driving on public roads. In this paper, a safe motion planning approach is proposed based on the deep learning-based trajectory prediction method. To begin with, a trajectory prediction model is established based on the graph neural network (GNN) that is trained utilizing the INTERACTION dataset. Then, the validated trajectory prediction model is used to predict the future trajectories of surrounding road users, including pedestrians and vehicles. In addition, a GNN prediction model-enabled motion planner is developed based on the model predictive control technique. Furthermore, two driving scenarios are extracted from the INTERACTION dataset to validate and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed motion planning approach, i.e., merging and roundabout scenarios. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can lower the risk and improve driving safety compared with the baseline method.
Impact of airborne particulate matter exposure on hospital admission for Alzheimer's disease and the attributable economic burden: evidence from a time-series study in Sichuan, China
Authors: Yang Xi , Jiang Wanyanhan , Gao Xi , He Yi , Lin Chenwei , Zhou Jiushun , Yang Lian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other forms of dementia are the seventh leading cause of death. Studies discern the inclusion of air pollution among modifiable risk factors for dementia, while limited studies are for China. This study aims to examine the short-term association between airborne particulate matter (PM) and the hospitalizations of AD, including the economic costs in China.

Methods
A total of 4975 cases of AD patients hospitalized from 2017 to 2019, were collected from nine city and 411 medical institutions in Sichuan Province, China. Data on air pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 were obtained from 183 air quality monitoring stations in Sichuan Province. A time series-generalized additive model was used to estimate the association between short-term exposure to PM (lag1–lag7 and moving average lag01–lag07) and AD hospital admissions (HAs), stratified by gender, age, and season.

Results
Positive short-term exposure to airborne PM was found for the HAs of AD. The greatest effect on the number of AD inpatients was on single-day lag1 (PM2.5:1.034 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.011, 1.058)). The association was also significant in the two-pollutant model. In the study period, 16.48% of AD HAs were attributed to the effect of PM. The total economic costs of AD attributable to PM exposure were US$ 2.56 million, including US$ 2.25 million of direct medical costs and US$ 0.31 million of indirect economic costs.

Conclusions
This study suggests that short-term exposure to airborne PM may increase the risk of AD HAs in Sichuan Province and result in associated economic costs.