bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balloon dilatation for anastomotic stricture after upper gastro‐intestinal surgery
Authors: Inagake Masao , Yamane Tetsuro , Kitao Yoshitaka , Okuzumi Junichi , Kuwata Katsuya , Yamaguchi Toshiharu , Oya Kazuhiko , Sawai Kiyoshi , Kojima Osamu , Takahashi Toshio 
Published: September 2005

AbstractWe report our study on the correlation between the types of anastomosis and the incidence of anastomotic stricture formation in the upper gastro‐intestinal tract. Our experience with balloon dilatation is also reported. We examined the incidence of stricture formation among patients who had an anastomosis between the esophagus and stomach following subtotal esophagectomy for esophageal cancer, and esophagojejunostomy following proximal or total gastrectomy for gastric cancer in the past 17 years. Among 283 patients undergoing esophagojejunostomy, 7 cases of stricture (excluding 3 cases of cancer recurrence) were observed (conventional anastomosis 1.8%; stapling anastomosis 4.6%). There were 17 cases of stricture among 56 patients who had anastomosis between the esophagus and stomach following subtotal esophagectomy (conventional anastomosis 28.6%; stapling anastomosis 50.0%). One month or more after the operation, the diameter of the esophagojejunostomy was estimated using a barium study. The mean diameter of the anastomosis using the stapling method was 11.9 ± 2.9 mm, whereas the mean diameter of serosubmucosal single layer hand‐sewn anastomosis (Jourdan's) was 19.8 ± 2.2 mm, and that of vertical mattress hand‐sewn anastomosis was 19.0 ± 2.0 mm.Balloon dilatation was used in 29 patients with anastomotic stricture of the upper gastro‐intestinal tract (esophageal cancer, 19 patients, gastric cancer, 10 patients). With repeated dilatation, we were able to obtain satisfactory efficacy for benign strictures and there were no severe complications. We believe that balloon dilatation is an easy, safe and effective therapy for anastomotic stricture of the upper gastro‐intestinal tract.
On distributional responses of North Atlantic fish to climate change
Authors: Rose G.A. 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Changes in fish distribution and climate in the North Atlantic have been observed for millennia by seafaring peoples, chronicled in many historical anecdotes, and recently studied systematically. For temperate to Arctic North Atlantic fish, a literature compendium of limits of temperature, salinity, and depth during feeding and spawning was used to investigate factors that influence distribution. Latitude and depth were negatively correlated with species number and density. Peak numbers of species feed at 0–4°C, but spawn at 2–7°C and salinities of 32.5–33.5. Principal components of feeding depths and temperatures suggested four groups of species: (i) small pelagics characterized by shallow habitat and cooler temperatures; (ii) most groundfish in deeper and warmer waters; (iii) warm-water large pelagics; and (iv) deepwater species. Spawning temperatures, salinities, depths, and timing produced groupings consistent with feeding components for pelagics, but differing for distant migrants such as tunas. Principal components (PCA) of spawning characteristics explained 56% of the variance in species resilience (doubling time), while PCA of feeding characteristics explained only 23%. We infer that the small pelagics capelin (Mallotus villosus) and herring (Clupea harengus) react strongly and quickly to climate change because of their physiological limits and potential for fast population growth. Verification comes from Icelandic and Greenland waters, which warmed considerably during 1920–1940, and where capelin, herring, cod (Gadus morhua), and other species shifted north very quickly.
Gender differences in the prevalence of DSM-IV and ICD-10 PTSD
Authors: PETERS LORNA , ISSAKIDIS CATHY , SLADE TIM , ANDREWS GAVIN 
Published: September 2005

Background. Gender differences in the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder were examined by analysing discrepancies between the DSM-IV and ICD-10 diagnostic systems.Method. Data from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being (n=10641) were analysed at the diagnostic, criterion and symptom level for DSM-IV and ICD-10 PTSD for males versus females.Results. While there was a significant gender difference in the prevalence of PTSD for ICD-10, no such difference was found for DSM-IV. The pattern of gender difference at the diagnostic level was mirrored in the pattern of gender differences at the criterion level for both DSM-IV and ICD-10. Females only endorsed three symptoms at a significantly higher rate than males. For all other symptoms, endorsement was equal. This apparently small gender difference at the symptom level was sufficient to cause the gender difference at the diagnostic level for ICD-10, but not DSM-IV because of the different manner in which symptoms are configured into criteria in each of the diagnostic systems.Conclusions. Gender differences in ICD-10 PTSD but not in DSM PTSD diagnoses are attributable in this study to different patterns of endorsement of symptoms by males and females. Possible reasons for the differential endorsement of symptoms and implications for the use of epidemiological instruments are discussed.
role development for therapeutic radiographers in the public hospitals in hong kong
Authors: white p. , lee s.w.y. , wong c.w.y. , lee a.k.w. , cheung d.n. 
Published: September 2005

purpose: to identify factors determining the possibility of role development for therapeutic radiographers in hong kong public hospitals.methods: questionnaires were sent to all ranks of radiographers, clinical oncologists, medical physicists and nurses in four clinical oncology departments in local public hospitals. information was sought on role development and the nature of extended role tasks that should be undertaken by therapeutic radiographers. both open and closed questions were used to ascertain views. individual, semi-structured interviews were used to explore further opinions of therapeutic radiographers. for open-ended questions, data were analysed thematically by grouping similar opinions, while for closed questions data were analysed by descriptive statistics and independent-samples t-test/levene's test for homogeneity of variances.results and discussion: in total, 132 out of 285 questionnaires were returned (46.32%). subjects (77.10%) expressed views that role development in therapeutic radiography (rt) would have a positive impact on oncology services within the region. medical dominance was highlighted as the main barrier to role development (mean: 2.86; sd: 1.78). radiographers would tend not to extend their roles by taking up tasks that were performed by oncologists: for example, radiographers would not want to prescribe drugs to patients with radiation side-effects (57.58%), while 83.33% of oncologists also disagreed with this being performed by radiographers. other professionals (nurses and medical physicists) held a reserved view in delegating their tasks to radiographers, even after accredited clinical training.conclusion: role development in rt should relieve the increasing workload of the entire clinical oncology department. it also increases the status of therapeutic radiographers within the health care setting, which is beneficial for the whole profession. however, efforts must be made by all health professionals within the department to ensure that the greatest effectiveness can be achieved from such developments.
recommendations on best practice for radiographer set-up of conformal radiotherapy treatment for patients with prostate cancer: experience developed during the mrc rt01 trial (isrtcn 47772397)
Authors: griffiths s. e. , stanley s. , sydes m. ,   rt01 radiographers group on behalf of all the rt01 collaborators
Published: September 2005

the trial required field placement to within 3mm. radiographers from participating centres related set-up methods to accuracy to establish best practice and inform recommendations. all centres made changes to methods as a result of the trial to improve accuracy, identified in categories, including patient positioning, iso-centre setting, couch top, imaging methods, and bladder and rectal filling. up to 80% of centres made changes in any one category.in three centres accuracy was inferior in one axis, related to the set-up methods used.recommendations included:for reproducibility –achieving a comfortable bladder statususing a standardised firm head support (not pillow)using the hands on chest position to avoid the weight of the arms on the trunkaligning lateral tattoos in both the longitudinal and vertical directionsusing leg or ankle supportsevidence-based methods of controlling rectal filling are still requiredfor iso-centre setting –using the anterior tattoo for lateral direction and the lateral tattoos for the superior/inferior directionusing a solid/carbon couch top throughout, using the height above couch as the reference measurement, not the anterior source to skin distancedevelop an alternative to using the couch height readout alone
a critical evaluation of internal organ immobilisation techniques
Authors: bridge p. 
Published: September 2005

this paper aims to evaluate the range of techniques available to minimise both interfraction and intrafraction errors. the main interfraction errors are due to changes in volume of the rectum and bladder. intrafraction errors are mainly due to respiration and to a lesser extent cardiac motion. there are various methods of minimising internal organ motion that attempt to permit reduction of the internal margin around the clinical target volume (ctv).techniques such as rectal balloon insertion and breathing control are evaluated to determine their role in reduction of margins for improved conformal radiotherapy. the paper concludes that rectal balloons have been shown to permit limited reduction of internal margins and morbidity levels. breathing control has not increased reproducibility, but has allowed for reduction in lung morbidity. reduction of margins can only be recommended when using breathing control in conjunction with daily ctv relocalisation.although these techniques do have a role to play at the moment, it appears that attempting to maintain a static environment within the highly mobile patient is fraught with difficulties and we must accept that there is always going to be motion. rather than attempting to control the position of the tumour, future developments such as adaptive radiotherapy and tomotherapy may account for the movement.
Use of AlloDerm in Type I Tympanoplasty: A Comparison with Native Tissue Grafts
Authors: Vos Jeremy Dan , Latev Maria D. , Labadie Robert F. , Cohen Seth M. , Werkhaven Jay A. , Haynes David S. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractObjectives: AlloDerm, an acellular human dermis allograft, has been shown to be an effective option as a tympanic membrane (TM) graft in animals and humans and has several potential advantages, including eliminating donor site morbidity, reducing operative time, and preserving native tissues for later use. We compared AlloDerm and native tissue grafts in type I tympanoplasty with regard to operative time, graft success rate, and audiologic outcome.Study Design: A retrospective chart review of tympanoplasties performed at a major tertiary referral hospital over a 31 month period, starting with the first use of AlloDerm for TM grafting at this institution.Methods: The medical charts of all patients undergoing tympanoplasty were reviewed. Only those patients undergoing type I tympanoplasty without mastoidectomy or ossicular chain reconstruction were included. These 114 patients (25 AlloDerm, 56 fascia reconstruction, and 33 fascia plus cartilage reconstruction) were compared for operative time, success rate of the graft, and change in audiologic outcome.Results: There was a statistically significant reduction in operative time in the AlloDerm group when controlled for surgeon and choice of approach. All groups showed no statistically significant difference in the success rate of the graft and closure of audiologic air‐bone gap, regardless of graft material used.Conclusions: AlloDerm is an effective TM graft when used in type I tympanoplasty. It is as effective as native tissues in closing the air‐bone gap on audiogram as well as in graft success rate. AlloDerm may also significantly reduce operative time, depending on the surgeon's technique.
Neck Dissection of Level IIb: Is it Really Necessary?
Authors: Corlette Toby H. , Cole Ian E. , Albsoul Nader , Ayyash Mohammad 
Published: September 2005

AbstractObjectives: To determine whether resection of level IIb is necessary in elective or therapeutic neck dissections.Study Design: Prospective case series.Methods: Level IIb nodes were analyzed for micrometastases as separate specimens in 160 neck dissections on 148 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.Results: In 106 elective neck dissections (N0 necks) from upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) and skin/parotid squamous carcinoma primaries, level IIb was involved in 4.5% and 33%, respectively. In 54 therapeutic neck dissections (N+ necks) from UADT and skin/parotid squamous carcinoma primaries, level IIb was involved in 25% and 71%, respectively. Apart from skin/parotid squamous carcinoma primaries, level IIb was never involved unless level IIa was also involved.Conclusions: Level IIb nodes can be left in situ in UADT primary carcinomas in nontonsillar N0 necks without significantly compromising regional clearance of micrometastases.
Long‐term Effects of Micronized Alloderm Injection for Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis
Authors: Milstein Claudio F. , Akst Lee M. , Hicks M Douglas , Abelson Tom I. , Strome Marshall 
Published: September 2005

AbstractObjectives: Micronized Alloderm (Cymetra) is a relatively new product used for vocal fold augmentation. Previous studies evaluating possible long‐term effectiveness of this product have shown mixed results. The objective of this present study is to reassess possible long‐term results of Cymetra injection laryngoplasty in patients with unilateral true vocal fold paralysis.Study Design: Retrospective review of patients with unilateral true vocal fold paralysis who received Cymetra injection laryngoplasty between March 2001 and March 2004.Methods: Preoperative voice samples and videostroboscopic findings were compared with the most recently available postoperative data to assess efficacy of the procedure. A panel of voice experts analyzed both vocal and vibratory function in these samples. In addition, pre‐ and postoperative voice‐related quality of life measures and patients' self‐ratings of voice outcomes were compared.Results: Twenty patients (7 male, 13 female; 14 with left‐sided paralysis, 6 with right‐sided paralysis) were identified in the study population. Cymetra injection was performed an average of 45.1 months after onset of vocal fold paralysis (range –216 months), and average follow‐up postinjection was 11.2 (range –35) months. Comparing pre‐ and postoperative measures, voice quality (P < .0001), glottal closure (P < .0001), and degree of vocal fold bowing (P < .0001) were all improved by injection. Quality of life measures and patients' self‐perceptions of vocal quality were also improved (P < .01). Fifteen (75%) patients showed long‐lasting results. Eight patients showed improvement for more than 12 months after injection.Conclusion: Cymetra injection laryngoplasty offers improved vocal and vibratory function to patients with unilateral true vocal fold paralysis. The benefits of such medialization may be longer lasting than previously reported, and further long‐term study is warranted.
Prospective Clinical Study on Cochlear Function after Erbium:Yttrium‐Aluminum‐Garnet Laser Stapedotomy
Authors: Keck Tilman , Bürner Harald , Rettinger Gerhard 
Published: September 2005

AbstractObjective: To assess whether the application of the emitting erbium:yttrium‐aluminum‐garnet (Er:YAG) laser in stapedotomy has negative effects on vestibular and cochlear functions.Design: Prospective, with 12 to 14 months follow‐up.Setting: Academic tertiary referral center.Patients: Twenty‐four patients undergoing stapedotomy (primary surgery) in otosclerosis.Intervention: All patients underwent Er:YAG laser‐assisted stapedotomy for otosclerosis between January 2000 and June 2002.Main Outcome Measures: Early (1–3 days after surgery) and late (12–14 months after surgery) postoperative bone‐conduction thresholds and the presence of post‐operative tinnitus and vertigo were analyzed. In addition, the relation between applied laser energy and postoperative bone‐conduction thresholds was calculated.Results: In 22 patients, unchanged preoperative minus early postoperative pure‐tone bone‐conduction averages at 1, 2, and 4 kHz were observed. In one patient, a slight early deterioration between 10 and 20 dB was seen. In 18 patients, unchanged preoperative minus late postoperative pure‐tone bone‐conduction averages at 1, 2, and 4 kHz were observed. In two patients, a slight late deterioration between 10 and 20 dB was seen. In two patients, a new postoperative tinnitus was observed. No patient suffered from vertigo at the time of second evaluation. No correlation between applied laser energy and both postoperative bone‐conduction thresholds was found.Conclusions: The Er:YAG laser stapedotomy in otosclerosis is a safe technique. Vestibular and cochlear function is not significantly disturbed after Er:YAG laser stapedotomy.
Clinicopathologic Features, Treatment, and Prognosis of Postirradiation Osteosarcoma in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Wei‐wei Liu , Qiu‐liang Wu , Guo‐hao Wu , Zhi‐hua Chen , Zong‐yuan Zeng 
Published: September 2005

AbstractObjectives: Postirradiation osteosarcoma (PIOS) arising after radiation of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is rare and seldom reported. In this article, we report its clinicopathologic features, outcome, and prognostic factors.Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.Methods: Fifteen patients with NPC were determined to have PIOS after reviewing 426 patients with osteogenic sarcomas. Their clinical records, image and pathologic slides, and follow‐up data after treatment were collected to perform analysis.Results: The incidence rate of PIOS in NPC was approximately 0.037% (15/40,719), which occupied approximately 3.5% (15/426) among all kinds of osteogenic sarcomas. The latent time of PIOS after irradiation for NPC ranged from 4 to 27 years, with a mean of 13.3 years. The location where PIOS arose included 33.3% (5/15) from maxilla, 46.7% (7/15) from mandible, and 20% (3/15) from a mixture of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Radiologically, soft tissue mass, bone destruction, and tumor new bone formation were the main characteristics. Pathologic subtypes included 53.3% (8/15) of fibroblastic osteosarcoma, 33.3% (5/15) of chondroblastic osteosarcoma, and 13.3% (2/15) of mixed type osteosarcoma. Of 15 patients with PIOS, 12 patients were treated with curative intent, and the remaining 3 patients with palliative intent. For 12 patients who had undertaken ablative surgery, 1 patient had residual tumor, and 6 patients had tumor recurrence. The survival time after treatment for all patients ranged from 7 to 41 months, with a mean of 18 months. Kaplan‐Meier estimates of 1 year and 2 year survival rates were 60% and 24%, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that sex and tumor bone formation are significant prognostic factors.Conclusions: PIOS in NPC is a highly malignant disease with poorer prognosis than in other sites. Surgery combined with pre‐ and postoperative chemotherapy might be an effective way to improve survival.
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: 10‐Year Experience in Treating 592 Patients with Canalith Repositioning Procedure
Authors: Prokopakis Emmanuel P. , Chimona Theognosia , Tsagournisakis Minas , Christodoulou Panagiotis , Hirsch Barry E. , Lachanas Vassilios A. , Helidonis Emmanuel S. , Plaitakis Andreas , Velegrakis George A. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractObjective: To assess the long‐term efficacy of canalith repositioning procedure (CRP) in the treatment of patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).Background: Alternative theories for the pathophysiology of BPPV have been redefined in the past few years. CRP is considered to be the standard technique for its management. However, long‐term follow‐up results have been minimally reported in the literature.Patients/Methods: Five hundred ninety‐two patients, 290 (49%) men and 302 (51%) women, were enrolled in this prospective study; their ages ranged from 18 to 84 (mean 59) years. At the time of their first examination, patients reported the duration of symptoms varied from 1 day to 18 months. Inclusion criteria were patient history compatible with BPPV and positive provocative maneuver (either Dix‐Hallpike or Roll test). A variant of Epley and Barbeque maneuver was used. The Epley maneuver was used for posterior and anterior canal involvement, and “Barbeque roll” was used for horizontal canal involvement. Short‐term follow‐up was obtained 48 hours and 7 days after initial treatment, whereas long‐term follow‐up was obtained at repeated 6 month intervals.Results: The posterior semicircular canal was involved in 521 (88%) patients treated, whereas the horizontal and anterior semicircular canals were involved in 59 (10%) and 12 (2%) patients, respectively. Symptoms subsided immediately in 497 (84%) patients. In 77 (13%) patients, the Dix‐Hallpike maneuver remained positive after 48 hours, and CRP was performed again. Patients' mean follow‐up was 46 months; 544 (92%) of 592 patients treated reported no symptoms of vertigo.Conclusion: Our data, based on long‐term follow‐up, suggest that CRP remains an efficient and long‐lasting noninvasive treatment for BPPV.
A Quantitative Study of the Medial Surface Dynamics of an In Vivo Canine Vocal Fold during Phonation
Authors: Doellinger Michael , Berry David A. , Berke Gerald S. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to measure the medial surface dynamics of a canine vocal fold during phonation. In particular, displacements, velocities, accelerations, and relative phase velocities of vocal fold fleshpoints were reported across the entire medial surface. Although the medial surface dynamics have a profound influence on voice production, such data are rare because of the inaccessibility of the vocal folds.Study Design: Medial surface dynamics were investigated during both normal and fry‐like phonation as a function of innervation to the recurrent laryngeal nerve for conditions of constant glottal airflow.Methods: An in vivo canine model was used. The larynx was dissected similar to methods described in previous excised hemilarynx experiments. Phonation was induced with artificial airflow and innervation to the recurrent laryngeal nerve. The recordings were obtained using a high‐speed digital imaging system. Three dimensional coordinates were computed for fleshpoints along the entire medial surface. The trajectories of the fleshpoints were preprocessed using the method of Empirical Eigenfunctions.Results: Although considerable variability existed within the data, in general, the medial‐lateral displacements and vertical displacements of the vocal fold fleshpoints were large compared with anterior‐posterior displacements. For both normal and fry‐like phonation, the largest displacements and velocities were concentrated in the upper medial portion. During normal phonation, the mucosal wave propagated primarily in a vertical direction. Above a certain threshold of subglottal pressure (or stimulation to the recurrent laryngeal nerve), an abrupt transition from chest‐like to fry‐like phonation was observed.Conclusions: The study reports unique, quantitative data regarding the medial surface dynamics of an in vivo canine vocal fold during phonation, capturing both chest‐like and fry‐like vibration patterns. These data quantify a complex set of dynamics. The mathematical modeling of such complexity is still in its infancy and requires quantitative data of this nature for development, validation, and testing.