bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of Al Ain University in Developing Social Awareness Among its Students
Authors: Alsrehan Hussein S , AlKhaza’leh Mohammad Salman 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: Objective: This study aimed to identify the role of Al Ain University in developing social awareness among people and to identify the differences in the sample’s answers about that role.

Study methodology: The descriptive survey method was used through the reality study and data analysis, and this method is considered appropriate for presenting the study. The study sample consisted of (450) male and female students who were selected through simple random sampling. A questionnaire on social awareness, consisting of (13) items. Means and standard deviations were extracted for the first question. The Mann Whitney test was used to determine the significance of the differences according to the gender variable, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the means of several independent societies according to the college variable.

Results and Discussion: The results of the study showed that the role of the university in developing social awareness among its students was average. The results of the study also showed that there were no differences in the role of the university due to the variables of gender and college.

Recommendations: In light of the study results, the researchers recommend the following: Educating students about social awareness skills by holding workshops and seminars, working on continuous evaluation of social awareness skills, Creating a course as a university requirement that contains social skills, concepts, and terminology.
Implementation of Child Protection Services Through Integrative Service Unit Integrative Child Social Protection
Authors: Cahyono Anang Sugeng , Zauhar Soesilo , Domai Tjahjanulin , Suryadi  
Published: November 2023

Objective: Children are valuable assets for the nation, but their traumatic patterns affect character formation. The government must address social problems to build a respected future generation. Tulungagung Regency, East Java Province, is the first district in Indonesia that is serious about advocating for children's social issues by inaugurating the Integrative Child Social Protection Integrated Service Unit (ULT PSAI). The research aims to investigate the role of the local government in developing an integrative service model to handle cases of social problems of children in Tulungagung Regency, the model of the child advocacy system carried out by ULT PSAI, and the effectiveness of ULT PSAI Tulungagung Regency activities in advocating for children's social problems.

Methode: The method used in this research is Participatory Action Research (PAR) through (FGD) with ULT PSAI, victims, and related Regional Apparatus Organizations to obtain data. The data obtained were then processed and analyzed descriptively and qualitatively.

Result: This article discusses the local government in advocating social problems for children through ULT PSAI by involving all Regional Apparatus Organizations in Tulungagung Regency, primary, secondary (outreach to at-risk groups), tertiary (response to child victims) services, and the effectiveness of PSAI ULT can be identified based on handled cases. Seeing the significance, this service model can be used as a pilot model for other regions in Indonesia.

Suggestions: It is hoped that the efforts made by the Integrative Child Social Protection Integrated Service Unit (ULT PSAI) of Tulungagung Regency in carrying out advocacy and handling system-based social problems with the services of the Integrative Child Social Protection Integrated Service Unit (ULT PSAI) for vulnerable children can run more optimally by synergizing with related parties.
Large-Scale of Hydrogen Underground Storage in Salt Caverns: The Future of Sustainable Energy Storage
Authors: Abreu Julia Franco , Costa Alvaro M. , Costa Pedro V. M. , Miranda Antônio C. O. , Tassinari Colombo C. G. , Weber Nathália , Assi Gustavo , Meneghini Júlio , Nishimoto Kazuo , Ebecken Nelson Francisco Favilla , Wang Pingfeng , Hamdan Bayan , Marquez Anabel Renteria , Xu Yanwen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Hydrogen is taking a significant lead as a complementary energy carrier. One of the most significant structural challenges in the hydrogen supply chain is storing large volumes to ensure stability between generation, delivery, and utilization. In this context, geological storage in salt caverns stands out as the most promising technology. Salt caverns mined by leaching have unique physicochemical characteristics such as negligible permeability under high gas pressures (avoiding leakage), self-healing, higher levels of stability, and stress safety shield due to the creep phenomenon. Also, it allows higher injection and withdrawal ratios of Hydrogen, meeting cycles between demand and production, a minor need for cushion gas, and more controllable construction from the point of view of monitoring and tightness. At the end of the operational life of the storage system, the cushion gas can be extracted just by injecting brine into the cavern. This article presents a geomechanical case study of hydrogen storage in salt caverns in a speculative geological site within the boundary limits found in evaporite basins (Moriak 2008, 2012). It will also be presented the design of caverns in the same geological site to store natural gas with high content of CO2. It will demonstrate the patented technology of gravitational separation of natural gas and CO2 that occurs inside the salt caverns, as the density of the CO2 is larger than the natural gas (Costa, 2018).
A New Technology of Combined Network Fracturing for Shale Oil Reservoir in Jiyang Depression
Authors: Zhu Haiyan , Huang Chuhao , Tang Xuanhe , Tao Lei , Zhao Peng , Zhang Zhaopeng , Wang Jiandong , Zhang Liaoyuan , Zhou Guangqing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The resources of Paleogene shale oil reservoirs in Jiyang depression of Bohai Bay are very rich. However, compared with other shale oil reservoirs, Jiyang Depression has a deeper burial depth, complex structure, stronger heterogeneity, more developed bedding fractures, and poor crude oil mobility. Conventional fracturing technology generally has low fracturing efficiency, leading to low production and fast attenuation after fracturing. In general, there are the following scientific problems: 1) it is difficult to evaluate the fracturing sweet spot of reservoirs with high stress, high plasticity, and strong heterogeneity reservoirs, and it is difficult to effectively guide the well and fracturing section selection; 2) it is difficult for hydraulic fractures to cross through multiple shale layers in reservoirs with developed bedding fractures; 3) It is difficult for conventional continuous sanding fracturing to meet the special demand of high viscous crude oil for high conductivity of fracture network. To solve the problems, a new technology of combined network fracturing is proposed. The technology has been applied to shale oil reservoirs in Jiyang Depression, and has continuously broken the record for the highest daily production of shale oil in China, which supports the construction of the "Jiyang Depression Shale Oil National Demonstration Zone".
Evaluation of Different Tree-Based Machine Learning Approaches for Formation Lithology Classification
Authors: Al-Khudafi Abbas M. , Al-Sharifi Hamzah A. , Hamada Ghareb M. , Bamaga Mohamed A. , Kadi Abdulrahman A. , Al-Gathe A. A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study aims to assess the effectiveness of several decision tree techniques for identifying formation lithology. 20966 data points from 4 wells were used to create the study's data. Lithology is determined using seven log parameters. The seven log parameters are the density log, neutron log, sonic log, gamma ray log, deep latero log, shallow latero log, and resistivity log. Different decision tree-based algorithms for classification approaches were applied. six typical machine learning models, namely the, Random Forest. Random trees, J48, reduced-error pruning decision trees, logistic model trees, HoeffdingTree were evaluated for formation lithology identification using well logging data. The obtained results shows that the random forest model, out of the proposed decision tree models, performed best at lithology identification, with precession, recall, and F-score values of 0.913, 0.914, and 0.913, respectively. Random trees Random trees came next. With average precision, recall, and F1-score of 0.837, 0.84, and 0.837, respectively, the J48 model came in third place. The HoeffdingTree classification model, however, showed the worst performance. We conclude that boosting strategies enhance the performance of tree-based models. Evaluation of prediction capability of models is also carried out using different datasets.
Pragmatic Methodology for Evaluation of Geomechanical Risks During Feasibility Assessment of Fields for CO2 Geological Storage
Authors: Musa I. H. , Tan C. P. , Leem J. , Tiwari P. K. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As part of on-going efforts to reduce the impact of climate change, carbon dioxide (CO2) emission is captured and reinjected into underground formations as part of carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects. Geomechanical risks assessment which is part of CCS feasibility study was conducted in Field A. The pragmatic methodology for geomechanical risk assessment in Field A begins with selection of wells with adequate data for 1D geomechanical models construction. Once the models have been generated, rock mechanical properties, pore pressure and stresses are extracted as inputs for caprock integrity analysis. Taking into account the impact of pore pressure increase on horizontal stress changes in the reservoir and caprock, maximum injection pressure at the formations of interest is determined. Fault stability analysis is then performed on the faults in the field which show that all the faults remained stable throughout CO2 injection. The resultant seabed uplift assessed is low at the end of injection period. The feasibility study has move to storage development plan stage which involved 4D coupled geomechanics dynamic modeling.
Shale and Sand Pore Pressure Disequilibrium – Challenges and Mitigation Strategy
Authors: Wijnands F. , M Haata S. N. , A Hanis H. , Sau H. Y. , A Rani A. S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Accurate pore pressure prediction and real-time interpretation are essential for safe and economical well construction but have been notoriously challenging in the Baram Delta, Offshore Sarawak, Malaysia. Field B consists of stacked sands of deltaic origin, dissected by faults that subdivide the anticline into 6 fault blocks, with steep overpressure ramps that occur at different stratigraphic layers and depths. The overpressure signatures on porosity-proxy logs (Resistivity, Sonic, Seismic Interval Velocity) are not prominent, which poses large uncertainties for Pore Pressure analysis and suggests a main overpressure mechanism other than undercompaction. Such behaviour is common in all Baram Delta fields. Our observations indicate that the overpressure is controlled by charging along faults. Deeper sands have four-way fault closure and can retain overpressure and hydrocarbons. Shallower sands rely partly on dip closure and cannot retain pressure, which can lead to large pressure ramps over a single reservoir-seal pair. Shale and sand pressures are often not at equilibrium within the ramp, necessitating the use of formation pressure measurements while drilling to ensure safe well construction and completion operations.
A Preliminary Geomechanical Study of Underground Hydrogen Storage in the Inyan Kara Saline Aquifer in the Williston Basin
Authors: Laalam A. , Tomomewo O. S. , Chellal H.A.K. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Hydrogen, as a low-carbon energy carrier, presents a promising solution for energy storage, especially to counterbalance the variability in renewable energy sources. This investigation evaluates the feasibility of underground hydrogen storage within saline aquifers, with an emphasis on the Inyan Kara formation located in the Williston Basin, North Dakota. Through a 3D hydro-mechanical simulation, the study explores both the capacity of this specific aquifer for hydrogen containment and the consequent hydraulic and geomechanical impacts of multiple hydrogen injection and extraction cycles. The adopted methodology seamlessly integrates a comprehensive 3D geomechanical model with invaluable field data, such as formation pressure measurements and insights derived from density and acoustic logs. Preliminary outcomes suggest a favorable recovery rate, with an estimated 76% of the injected hydrogen being retrievable in a 3 months injection-3 months production framework. Further, by employing the Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria and one-way coupling scheme, the research underscores the robustness and safety of this underground storage technique, emphasizing its potential in harmonizing renewable energy fluctuations.
Fractures Characterization and Their Impact on the Development of a Tight Oil Field
Authors: Conde Oliver Rojas , Silva Henry Galvis , Doghmane Mohamed Zinelabidine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Revived interest in the Hassi Toumiet area has been sparked by oil discoveries in the Ordovician Formation near Hassi Messaoud field. However, the Hamra Quartzite reservoir in Hassi Toumiet has thinned and has poor quality compared to the Hassi Guettar field. Several studies have been conducted further research in Hassi Toumiet, located north of the Amguid-El-Biod axis, through 3D seismic and wells, resulting in new discoveries. Understanding the natural fractures in the area is crucial for its development, so a study was done using core samples, borehole imagery, and 3D seismic data. The study found three fault networks, with the dominant orientation being ENE-WSW and secondary orientation being NW-SE. Analysis of well cores showed low density of mostly cemented fractures, confirmed by borehole imagery. The fractures were found to be sparse, poorly connected, and strongly cemented, but this should be taken into consideration with respect to the well's verticality.
Enhanced Geothermal Systems: The Effect of Hydraulic Fracture and Rock Matrix Permeability
Authors: Sfeir Jerome , Moridis George , Briaud Jean-Louis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Geothermal energy has been proven to be an excellent candidate to break-in the future energy mix, being a reliable, green and baseload source of energy. A lot of investments into this field are helping overcome previous limitations via new approaches and technologies. One of these technologies is EGS – Enhanced Geothermal Systems. This article presents a sensitivity analysis of an Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) with respect to two permeability parameters. A base case is set up reflecting typical geothermal conditions for an EGS reservoir and then two variations will be made 1) achieved HF permeability and 2) rock matrix permeability. The response of the EGS to these changes is analyzed by studying all thermodynamic metrics on a global reservoir scale and at areas of interest. This study is conducted via numerical simulation using the TOUGH+RGB code of the Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory. The results show that these two permeability parameters have a major impact on the hydraulic and thermal performance of the EGS from both the short term and long-term perspectives.
Energy Storage in Salt Caverns with Supercritical and Transcritical CO2
Authors: Minkley Wolfgang , Brandt Matthias , Naumann Dirk , Stepanek Jan , Dostal Vaclav 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We propose an innovative underground energy storage based on supercritical CO2 as a working fluid. The storage allows generation of electrical energy for hours, and therefore represents an ideal mean to compensate for the natural fluctuation in electricity generation from renewable energy throughout a day. The storage makes use of underground salt caverns, which allow the containerless storage of millions of cubic meters of the working fluid. Last generation supercritical CO2 turbine and compressor technology is employed. This combination allows for a very small surface area usage, which makes it superior in this regard to pumped hydro storage, and an ideal candidate for the densely populated areas of, for example, northwestern Europe. In the cycle, energy is stored by compressing the working fluid from a low-pressure cavern or surface container to the high-pressure cavern when excess electricity from renewable sources is available. Energy is extracted in the reverse operation. Cycle efficiencies of over 50% can be realized. If the thermodynamical cycle is allowed to fall below the critical pressure, the conversion of work to heat increases. With the larger pressure swing (transcritical cycle), and the addition of the stored heat, the total energy in the system can be increased significantly.
Caprock Fault Permeability Change with Reactivation: Experimental Review of Operational Constraints
Authors: Busson J. , Castets M. , Bourgeois F. , Barlet P. , Borgomano J.V.M. , Su K. , Wibberley C.A.J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Measurements of fracture-parallel permeability with shear slip under varying normal effective stress are presented from our original work and four reviewed publications on caprock lithologies. They demonstrate the existence of a normal effective stress threshold under which permeability increases with shear slip, and above which permeability decreases. Variations of fracture mechanical aperture with shear slip and ratio to equivalent hydraulic opening are also measured. Shear slip can lead to fracture-or fault-parallel permeability multiplication by 2 to 4 orders of magnitude, but only below a given normal effective stress value (estimated as 5 to 20% of the caprock UCS). These results give a robust relation between fracture and fault shear slip and permeability evolution for operational decisions and numerical simulation relative to subsurface integrity.
Optimizing Fishbone Multilateral Well Productivity Forecasting with Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Silva Henry Galvis , Conde Oliver Rojas , Khalifa Houdaifa , Benarbia Achouak , Montes Jose Carlos Cardenas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Fishbone drilling (FbD), a premier method in multilateral well drilling, has been adopted in numerous global hydrocarbon fields. Its application leads to notable improvements in recovery rates while diminishing carbon emissions from the drilling process. The essence of FbD lies in constructing several minor holes that radiate in diverse directions. However, a significant obstacle with Fishbone drilling is the absence of comprehensive models to understand the impact of each Fishbone variable on total production, and their interplay. This research delves into the intricacies of fishbone well productivity prediction by leveraging a suite of machine learning algorithms, including RandomForest, GradientBoost, LinearSVC, AdaBoost, and KNeighbors. Through extensive model evaluation metrics such as MSE, RMSE, MAE, and the R-squared score, the study offers insights into the relative weightage of input features, with bottom-hole pressure emerging as paramount. The culmination of the research is the DrillFish Web App, an innovative platform designed for industry professionals to predict fluid flowrate and optimize fishbone drilling designs.
A Multi-Scale Homogenized Hydro-Mechanical Coupled Model for Fractured Rocks
Authors: Liu Wu , Shang Jinhang , Jiang Hao , Yao Huayan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Based on the multi-scale structural characteristics of fractured rocks, a hydro-mechanical coupled model was formulated by a multi-scale homogenization method under the framework of thermodynamics. The proposed model simultaneously accounts for the deformation and permeability variation in fractured rocks induced by the structural alterations of both arbitrarily-distributed microcracks of smaller scales and group-orientated fractures of much larger scales under coupled hydro-mechanical loadings. The impacts of many important mechanisms are considered, such as the interstitial water pressure, microcrack initiation and propagation, normal stiffness recovery caused by microcrack compression closure, frictional sliding of closed microcracks, shear sliding and dilatancy of fractures, fracture surface asperities degradation. Numerical simulations of Stripa tunnel excavation performed with the proposed model, show that it’s important to account for the variations of both small-scale microcracks and large-scale fractures for better characterizing the excavation-induced permeability change in the area adjacent to the excavation face.
Discrete Element Modelling of Deep Cemented Sandstone Formation Using Adhesive Elastoplastic Contact Model
Authors: Khamitov F. , Shabdirova A. , Zhao Y. , Minh N. H. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Thornton-Ning (TN) contact model, originally designed for self-adhesive spherical particles, was implemented into the Aspherix® commercial software, and then modified to simulate the behavior of cemented sandstone material. During the initial phase of software development, the implementation of the TN model underwent successful validation. In the subsequent phase, the TN model was adapted to replicate the characteristics of a weak cemented sandstone material. Three new assumptions were used: 1) bond breakage was defined as the point of maximum negative force, 2) bonding occurred only once during the formation of the geological material in the sample preparation, and 3) bond breakage occurred under subsequent loading conditions, any new contact was not bonded and hence modelled using the non-adhesive elastoplastic equation of the TN model. To simulate the diagenesis of sandstone material at significant reservoir depths, one-dimensional DEM compression was performed; the applied vertical stresses covered the stress range in an oil-gas reservoir. By employing an elastoplastic contact and bond model, a more realistic constitutive behavior can be achieved as compared to prior studies on the same material utilizing the purely elastic Hertz contact model.
Stability Analysis of the Surrounding Rock of a Super-Large Diameter Shield Tunnel in Karst Strata
Authors: Cui Lan , Li Gang , Kou Hong-gang , Chang Liu-ming 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Based on the tunnel project at the south extension of Wuhan Heping Avenue (Zhongshan Road-Zhangzhidong Road), finite element analyses are conducted to analyse the deformation and stress characteristics of the surrounding rock and the lining of a super-large diameter shield tunnel passing through karst strata and the effect of the ground loss during the shield construction process on the stability of the karst caves and the surrounding rock of the tunnel is discussed. Analysis results show that when the diameter of the karst cave is large, the deformation of the tunnel moves towards the location of the karst cave and the local region of the tunnel close to the karst cave bears a greater force, which should be paid more attention to in the engineering practice. Results also show that the karst cave above the tunnel increases the maximum settlement of the ground surface and may lead to ground subsidence and other engineering disasters. During construction, small ground loss should be ensured as large ground loss will result in obvious ground subsidence. The research outcomes from this study can be used as a reference for similar engineering projects.