bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying differences in plant architectural development between hybrid potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants grown from two types of propagules
Authors: Gu Jiahui , Struik Paul C , Evers Jochem B , Lertngim Narawitch , Lin Ruokai , Driever Steven M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Plants can propagate generatively and vegetatively. The type of propagation and the resulting propagule can influence the growth of the plants, such as plant architectural development and pattern of biomass allocation. Potato is a species that can reproduce through both types of propagation: through true botanical seeds and seed tubers. The consequences of propagule type on the plant architectural development and biomass partitioning in potatoes are not well known. We quantified architectural differences between plants grown from these two types of propagules from the same genotype, explicitly analysing branching dynamics above and below ground, and related these differences to biomass allocation patterns.

Methods
A greenhouse experiment was conducted, using potato plants of the same genotype but grown from two types of propagules: true seeds and seed tubers from a plant grown from true seed (seedling tuber). Architectural traits and biomass allocation to different organs were quantified at four developmental stages. Differences between true-seed-grown and seedling-tuber-grown plants were compared at the whole-plant level and at the level of individual stems and branches, including their number, size and location on the plant.

Key Results
A more branched and compact architecture was produced in true-seed-grown plants compared with seedling-tuber-grown plants. The architectural differences between plants grown from true seeds and seedling tubers appeared gradually and were attributed mainly to the divergent temporal–spatial distribution of lateral branches above and below ground on the main axis. The continual production of branches in true-seed-grown plants indicated their indeterminate growth habit, which was also reflected in a slower shift of biomass allocation from above- to below-ground branches, whereas the opposite trend was found in seedling-tuber-grown plants.

Conclusions
In true-seed-grown plants, lateral branching was stronger and determined whole-plant architecture and plant function with regard to light interception and biomass production, compared with seedling-tuber-grown plants. This different role of branching indicates that a difference in preference between clonal and sexual reproduction might exist. The divergent branching behaviours in true-seed-grown and seedling-tuber-grown plants might be regulated by the different intensity of apical dominance, which suggests that the control of branching can depend on the propagule type.
Altered spread of waves of activities at large scale is influenced by cortical thickness organization in temporal lobe epilepsy: a magnetic resonance imaging–high-density electroencephalography study
Authors: Duma Gian Marco , Pellegrino Giovanni , Rabuffo Giovanni , Danieli Alberto , Antoniazzi Lisa , Vitale Valerio , Scotto Opipari Raffaella , Bonanni Paolo , Sorrentino Pierpaolo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTemporal lobe epilepsy is a brain network disorder characterized by alterations at both the structural and the functional levels. It remains unclear how structure and function are related and whether this has any clinical relevance. In the present work, we adopted a novel methodological approach investigating how network structural features influence the large-scale dynamics. The functional network was defined by the spatio-temporal spreading of aperiodic bursts of activations (neuronal avalanches), as observed utilizing high-density electroencephalography in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. The structural network was modelled as the region-based thickness covariance. Loosely speaking, we quantified the similarity of the cortical thickness of any two brain regions, both across groups and at the individual level, the latter utilizing a novel approach to define the subject-wise structural covariance network. In order to compare the structural and functional networks (at the nodal level), we studied the correlation between the probability that a wave of activity would propagate from a source to a target region and the similarity of the source region thickness as compared with other target brain regions. Building on the recent evidence that large-waves of activities pathologically spread through the epileptogenic network in temporal lobe epilepsy, also during resting state, we hypothesize that the structural cortical organization might influence such altered spatio-temporal dynamics. We observed a stable cluster of structure–function correlation in the bilateral limbic areas across subjects, highlighting group-specific features for left, right and bilateral temporal epilepsy. The involvement of contralateral areas was observed in unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy. We showed that in temporal lobe epilepsy, alterations of structural and functional networks pair in the regions where seizures propagate and are linked to disease severity. In this study, we leveraged on a well-defined model of neurological disease and pushed forward personalization approaches potentially useful in clinical practice. Finally, the methods developed here could be exploited to investigate the relationship between structure–function networks at subject level in other neurological conditions.
Racial, Ethnic, and Geographic Disparities in Immunization Rates Among Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Beniwal-Patel Poonam , Waclawik Gabrielle , Browning Keely , Urmat Aijan , Schell Trevor L , Smith Ryan , Huerta Antonio , Hipp Lauren , Dave Sonya , Shah Neemit , Dillon Kayla E , Reiter-Schreurs Katelyn , Russ Rachel K , Mailig Miguel A , Osman Fauzia , Farraye Francis A , Weiss Jennifer , Hayney Mary S , Caldera Freddy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Racial and ethnic disparities exist in the treatment of IBD. These disparities exist in adult vaccine uptake among the general population and may extend to patients with IBD. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether racial, ethnic, or geographic disparities existed in influenza vaccine uptake among patients with IBD.

Methods
We performed a multicenter, retrospective cohort study evaluating adult vaccine uptake among patients with IBD seen at two tertiary referral centers between September 2019 and February 2020. The primary outcome was to determine if racial/ethnic and geographic disparities existed in influenza vaccine uptake for the two prior seasons. Our secondary outcomes were to determine if disparities existed for pneumococcal, zoster, or hepatitis B vaccines.

Results
Among the 2453 patients who met the inclusion criteria, most identified as non-Hispanic White (89.9%), were on immunosuppressive therapy (74.5%), and received the influenza vaccine in both seasons (56.0%). Older age (prevalence ratio (PR) 0.98; 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 0.98-0.99; P &lt; .001) and non-Hispanic White patients (PR 0.76, 95%CI 0.59–0.98, P &lt; 0.03) were significantly more likely to be immunized. Black patients (PR 1.37; 95%CI 1.18–1.59; P &lt; .001) and those living in underserved geographic areas (PR 1.35; 95%CI 1.17–1.56; P &lt; 0.001) were less likely to be immunized. Racial/ethnic and geographic disparities were identified for pneumococcal, zoster, and hepatitis B vaccine uptake.

Conclusions
Racial and ethnic vaccination uptake disparities exist among patients with IBD; patients from medically underserved areas are also vulnerable to these disparities Studies identifying patient, provider, and system-level opportunities to address these disparities are needed.
Mechanical instability of heavy column with rotational spring
Authors: Kanahama Tohya , Chalermsin Carol Lee , Sato Motohiro 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In previous research on the mechanical instability of trees based on mechanical theory, wild tree has been modeled as a cantilever which was perfectly attached to the ground. However, experimental research has identified two failure modes, including root turnover and self-buckling of the trunk. This suggests that the imperfect fixation caused by root-soil interaction must be considered when discussing tree stability. The purpose of this study is to clarify the self-buckling characteristics of wild trees considering soil instability. To account for the resistance moment caused by the interaction between the root and soil, trees as cantilevers fixed to the ground by a rotational spring were modeled. In this model, the self-buckling problem was formulated considering the rotational rigidity of the spring, and the formula derived for the critical height and buckling mode. As a result, the formula for critical height considering rotational rigidity was obtained, and it was found that the buckling modes can be classified into the rigid-body mode and beam mode based on the rotational rigidity. By comparing this result with the statistical law based on the measurement of real trees reported in previous research, it was determined that real trees were designed based on beam mode. This suggests that the wild tree skillfully balances the moment of resistance caused by the interaction between the root and soil to prevent “uprooting,” which is extremely fatal for trees. Moreover, it was also found that the safety factor of trees for self-buckling is ensured enough to prevent the beam mode.
Nanoparticles separation by different conditions at asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation
Authors: Chiang C L , Yeh J A , Yeh C W 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
As semiconductor manufacturing enters the era of sub-10 nm and 3D stacking, “cleanliness” in the process becomes a crucial factor for process yield. The measurement of nanoparticle concentration, size, and shape in various solutions that may cause contamination during the manufacturing process is currently an important research topic. Although there are various nanoparticle measurement techniques available, further technological development and breakthroughs are still needed for measuring low concentrations and complex mixtures of nanoparticles. Therefore, in this study, we attempted to address the measurement challenges posed by mixed particles by applying asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation in combination with dynamic light scattering and ultraviolet. The strategy involved separating the samples before measurement. For a nanomixture containing five different sizes of gold nanoparticles with diameters of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 nm, three different methods were employed to control the driving force for particle separation during the elution stage: constant cross flow rate, linearly decreasing cross flow rate, and exponentially decreasing cross flow rate. The results demonstrated that different flow rate control methods indeed yielded variations in nanoparticle separation, with the constant flow rate method showing the best separation efficiency. Additionally, it was observed that the thickness of the experimental chamber played a significant role in affecting the retention time of the nanoparticles during separation.
Incidental multifocal granular cell tumor in the setting of chronic gastritis discovered following gastric sleeve operation: a case report and brief review of the literature
Authors: Kent Thomas , Saulino David 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Granular cell tumors are uncommon neoplasms of Schwannian origin that can present nearly anywhere in the body, but are most commonly seen in the head and neck region. While the majority of these tumors are benign, a subset can behave aggressively and even have metastatic potential. We are reporting a case of a 35-year-old female with a history morbid obesity presenting for bariatric surgery (sleeve gastrectomy). Upon receiving the specimen in pathology, nodular vaguely defined lesions were identified in the gastric wall. Representative sections were submitted for microscopic examination, which revealed the incidental finding of a multifocal granular cell tumor with a background of chronic gastritis. The patient has not had any regional recurrences or metastasis in the past 2 years following the procedure.
Energy distribution and substructure formation in astrophysical MHD simulations
Authors: Kayanikhoo Fatemeh , Čemeljić Miljenko , Wielgus Maciek , Kluźniak Włodek 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
During substructure formation in magnetized astrophysical plasma, dissipation of magnetic energy facilitated by magnetic reconnection affects the system dynamics by heating and accelerating the ejected plasmoids. Numerical simulations are a crucial tool for investigating such systems. In astrophysical simulations, the energy dissipation, reconnection rate, and substructure formation critically depend on the onset of reconnection of numerical or physical origin. In this paper, we hope to assess the reliability of the state-of-the-art numerical codes, pluto and koral by quantifying and discussing the impact of dimensionality, resolution, and code accuracy on magnetic energy dissipation, reconnection rate, and substructure formation. We quantitatively compare results obtained with relativistic and non-relativistic, resistive and non-resistive, as well as two- and three-dimensional set-ups performing the Orszag–Tang test problem. We find sufficient resolution in each model, for which numerical error is negligible and the resolution does not significantly affect the magnetic energy dissipation and reconnection rate. The non-relativistic simulations show that at sufficient resolution, magnetic and kinetic energies convert to internal energy and heat the plasma. In the relativistic system, energy components undergo mutual conversion during the simulation time, which leads to a substantial increase in magnetic energy at 20 per cent and 90 per cent of the total simulation time of 10 light-crossing times – the magnetic field is amplified by a factor of 5 due to relativistic shocks. We also show that the reconnection rate in all our simulations is higher than 0.1, indicating plasmoid-mediated regime. It is shown that in koral simulations more substructures are captured than in pluto simulations.
Impact of untreated and microbially treated equalization tank effluent of textile industry on freshwater fish Channa punctata using haematological, biochemical, histopathological and ultrastructural analysis
Authors: Sharma Khushboo , Koundal Satish , Singh Mandeep , Chadha Pooja , Saini Harvinder Singh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The unregulated expulsion of untreated or partially treated industrial effluents poses serious threat to the aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, in the present study fish Channa punctata were exposed to untreated and microbially treated equalization tank effluent of textile industry and toxicity studies were carried out for 45 days. The study was planned to analyze the toxicity proffered by textile effluents through haematological, biochemical, histopathological and ultrastructural analysis in blood, liver and gill tissues of fish. While comparing untreated and microbially treated effluent exposed groups haematological parameters were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) less in the untreated effluent exposed group whereas White blood cell count was highly escalated. However, in the microbially treated groups, the alterations were less severe. Increased malondialdehyde content indicating oxidative stress, reduced Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity showing a weakened antioxidant defence system and increased glutathione activity was also perceived in untreated effluent exposed groups in comparison to microbially treated groups. Histopathological alterations in gill (telangiectasia, lamellae fusion, breakage, vacuolization and bending of lamellae) and liver (sinusoid dilations, fusion, necrosis and congestion) were more pronounced and severe in the untreated effluent exposed group as compared to microbially treated group. The results observed in histopathology were further reaffirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The study clearly highlights less alterations and deformities in microbially treated effluent groups in comparison to untreated effluent groups. These findings, therefore, necessitate the search for more effective microbial inocula for the better treatment of effluents in order to protect the aquatic life as well as human beings.

Highlights
The Effects of COVID-19 on First-Generation College Nursing Students
Authors: Austin Heather M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on nursing education and nursing students needs to be explored. The purpose of the study was to determine if there was a difference in comprehensive predictor scores for first-generation college nursing students compared to non-first-generation students before and during the pandemic. This quantitative comparative study showed no statistically significant difference in scores for these two groups. However, there was a statistically significant difference in scores for first-generation nursing students compared to non-first-generation students regardless of time frame.
Just Another Patient? Student Reflections on Providing Mental Health Care to Transgender and Gender Expansive People During Simulated Encounters
Authors: Schwindt Rhonda G. , Posey Laurie , Zhou Qiuping , Birch Kara 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

AIM
This study analyzed psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) students’ reflections following a virtual simulated encounter with a patient who identified as transgender or gender expansive (TGE).

BACKGROUND
To reduce mental health disparities, PMHNP students must be prepared to deliver affirming care. Engaging in and reflecting on simulated encounters with standardized patients can improve PMHNP students’ affirming care competency.

METHOD
A thematic analysis process was used to analyze student reflections during simulation debriefings.

RESULTS
Five themes emerged: application of affirming care principles, recognizing minority stressors, treating all patients the same, desire to learn more, and valuing authentic practice.

CONCLUSION
PMHNP students’ reflections on the experience of providing care to a standardized patient who identified as TGE support the use of virtual simulations to prepare future providers to deliver affirming, person-centered care.
Pre-eclampsia Screening in Denmark (PRESIDE): National Validation Study
Authors: Riishede I. , Rode L. , Sperling L. , Overgaard M. , Ravn J. D. , Sandager P. , Skov H. , Wagner S. R. , Nørgaard P. , Clausen T. D. , Jensen C. A. Juel , Pihl K. , Jørgensen F. S. , Munk J. K. , Zingenberg H. J. , Pedersen N. G. , Andersen M. R. , Wright A. , Wright D. , Tabor A. , Ekelund C. K. 
Published: December 2023

(Abstracted from Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2023;61:682–690)
Preeclampsia (PE) is a significant obstetrical and perinatal problem, affecting 2% to 8% of all pregnancies. Research has shown some treatments are effective for reducing the incidence of PE when started early in pregnancy and when risk factors for PE have been identified.
The Impact of a Universal Late Third-Trimester Scan for Fetal Growth Restriction on Perinatal Outcomes in Term Singleton Births: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Aderoba Adeniyi Kolade , Ioannou Christos , Kurinczuk Jennifer J. , Quigley Maria A. , Cavallaro Angelo , Impey Lawrence ,   Oxford Growth Restriction Identification Programme (OxGRIP) Group
Published: December 2023

(Abstracted from BJOG 2023;130:791–802)
Although perinatal morbidity and mortality remain a significant concern among all populations, there are still few effective methods available to either identify risks or intervene to improve outcomes. Implementing a universal third-trimester ultrasound has been shown to increase the identification of infants whose growth is less than the 10th percentile, but also shown to not functionally improve outcomes related to stillbirth or fetal growth restriction (FGR).
Remote Patient Monitoring for Management of Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy Is Associated With Improved Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes
Authors: Kantorowska Agata , Cohen Koral , Oberlander Maxwell , Jaysing Anna R. , Akerman Meredith B. , Wise Anne-Marie , Mann Devin M. , Testa Paul A. , Chavez Martin R. , Vintzileos Anthony M. , Heo Hye J. 
Published: December 2023

(Abstracted from Am J Obstet Gynecol 2023;228:726.e1–726.e11)
Remote patient monitoring (RPM) is a type of telehealth that enables the remote management of patients' health in real time and between office visits. In pregnant patients, studies on the use of telehealth technologies, such as RPM or smartphone-based feedback, to manage diabetes mellitus (DM) have been limited. Some studies have shown that telehealth technologies are not worse than standard management.
Association of Infertility With Type and Timing of Menopause: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Scime Natalie V. , Brown Hilary K. , Shea Alison K. , Brennand Erin A. 
Published: December 2023

(Abstracted from Hum Reprod 2023;38(9):1843–1852)
Up to 25% of women experience infertility in their lifetime, with a variety of possible causes including dysfunction in the endocrine system, immune system, or reproductive anatomic structures. Research has found that infertility is associated with propensity for poor health outcomes later in life, including reproductive cancer, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and diabetes mellitus.
Development and Validation of a Photonumeric Scale to Assess Marionette Lines
Authors: Kefalas Nicola , Ruiz del Cueto Sofía , Urdiales-Gálvez Fernando , Barry Laurence , Gritti Alessandro , Marchac Alexandre , Lim Maria , de la Guardia Carola , Kerson Graeme , Silberberg Michael 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
A validated scale is needed for objective and reproducible comparisons of marionette lines before and after treatment in clinical studies.

OBJECTIVE
To describe the development and validation of a 5-point photonumeric marionette lines scale.

METHODS
The scale was developed to include an assessment guide, verbal descriptors, and real and morphed subject images for each scale grade. Intrarater and interrater reliability was evaluated in initial scale validation (web-based review) (N = 51) and live-subject validation (N = 75) studies, each completed during 2 sessions.

RESULTS
In the initial scale validation study, intrarater agreement for 2 physician raters was near perfect (weighted kappa = 0.92 and 0.94). Interrater agreement was excellent during sessions 1 and 2 (intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.94 and 0.95, respectively). In the live-subject validation study, intrarater agreement for 3 physician raters showed a strong correlation (mean weighted kappa = 0.77). Interrater agreement was high during live-subject validation sessions 1 and 2 (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.89 for both sessions).

CONCLUSION
This new marionette lines scale is a validated and reliable scale for physician rating of marionette line severity.