bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A glucose-mediated antibiotic resistance metabolic flux from glycolysis, the pyruvate cycle, and glutamate metabolism to purine metabolism
Authors: Xiang Jiao , Wang Shi-wen , Tao Yuan , Ye Jing-zhou , Liang Ying , Peng Xuan-xian , Yang Li-fen , Li Hui 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionBacterial metabolic environment influences antibiotic killing efficacy. Thus, a full understanding for the metabolic resistance mechanisms is especially important to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria.MethodsIsobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification-based proteomics approach was employed to compare proteomes between ceftazidime-resistant and -sensitive Edwarsiella tarda LTB4 (LTB4-RCAZ and LTB4-S, respectively).ResultsThis analysis suggested the possibility that the ceftazidime resistance mediated by depressed glucose is implemented through an inefficient metabolic flux from glycolysis, the pyruvate cycle, glutamate metabolism to purine metabolism. The inefficient flux was demonstrated by the reduced expression of genes and the decreased activity of enzymes in the four metabolic pathways. However, supplement upstream glucose and downstream guanosine separately restored ceftazidime killing, which not only supports the conclusion that the inefficient metabolic flux is responsible for the resistance, but also provides an effective approach to reverse the resistance. In addition, the present study showed that ceftazidime is bound to pts promoter in E. tarda.DiscussionOur study highlights the way in fully understanding metabolic resistance mechanisms and establishing metabolites-based metabolic reprogramming to combat antibiotic resistance.
A nutritional supplement taken during preconception and pregnancy influences human milk macronutrients in women with overweight/obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Han Soo Min , Derraik José G. B. , Vickers Mark H. , Devaraj Surabhi , Huang Fang , Pang Wei Wei , Godfrey Keith M. , Chan Shiao-Yng , Thakkar Sagar K. , Cutfield Wayne S. ,   NiPPeR Study Group
Published: October 2023

RationalMaternal overweight/obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are associated with an increased risk of their offspring developing overweight/obesity or type 2 diabetes later in life. However, the impacts of maternal overweight/obesity and dysglycemia on human milk (HM) macronutrient composition are not well understood.ObjectiveThrough a double-blind randomised controlled trial, we investigated the effects of maternal supplementation from preconception throughout pregnancy until birth on HM macronutrient concentrations, in association with maternal and infant factors including maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and GDM status. In addition, we aimed to characterise longitudinal changes in HM macronutrients.MethodsThe control supplement contained calcium, iodine, iron, β-carotene, and folic acid. The intervention supplement additionally contained zinc, vitamins B2, B6, B12, and D3, probiotics, and myo-inositol. HM samples were collected across seven time points from 1 week to 12 months from Singapore and/or New Zealand. HM macronutrient concentrations were measured using a MIRIS Human Milk Analyser. Potential differences in HM macronutrient concentrations were assessed using linear mixed models with a repeated measures design.ResultsOverall, HM macronutrient concentrations were similar between control and intervention groups. Among the control group, overweight/obesity and GDM were associated with higher HM fat and energy concentrations over the first 3 months. Such associations were not observed among the intervention group. Of note, mothers with GDM in the intervention group had lower HM fat by 10% (p = 0.049) and energy by 6% (p = 0.029) than mothers with GDM in the control group. Longitudinal changes in HM macronutrient concentrations over 12 months of lactation in New Zealand showed that HM fat and energy decreased in the first 6 months then increased until 12 months. HM lactose gradually decreased from 1 week to 12 months while crude protein decreased from 1 week to 6 months then remained relatively constant until 12 months of lactation.ConclusionMaternal overweight/obesity or GDM were associated with increased HM fat and energy levels. We speculate the intervention taken during preconception and pregnancy altered the impact of maternal BMI or GDM status on HM macronutrient composition. Further studies are required to identify the mechanisms underlying altered HM macronutrient concentration in the intervention group and to determine any long-term effects on offspring health.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02509988, Universal Trial Number U1111-1171-8056. Registered on 16 July 2015. This is an academic-led study by the EpiGen Global Research Consortium.
Preoperative hematocrit levels and postoperative mortality in patients undergoing craniotomy for brain tumors
Authors: Xiao Yangchun , Cheng Xin , Jia Lu , Tian Yixin , He Jialing , He Miao , Chen Lvlin , Hao Pengfei , Li Tiangui , Chong Weelic , Hai Yang , You Chao , Peng Liyuan , Fang Fang , Zhang Yu 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundAbnormal hematocrit values, including anemia and polycythemia, are common in patients undergoing craniotomy, but the extent to which preoperative anemia or polycythemia independently increases the risk of mortality is unclear. This retrospective cohort study aimed to examine the association between preoperative anemia and polycythemia and postoperative mortality in patients who underwent craniotomy for brain tumor resection.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from 12,170 patients diagnosed with a brain tumor who underwent cranial surgery at West China Hospital between January 2011 and March 2021. The preoperative hematocrit value was defined as the last hematocrit value within 7 days before the operation, and patients were grouped according to the severity of their anemia or polycythemia. We assessed the primary outcome of 30-day postoperative mortality using logistic regression analysis adjusted for potential confounding factors.ResultsMultivariable logistic regression analysis reported that the 30-day mortality risk was raised with increasing severity of both anemia and polycythemia. Odds ratios for mild, moderate, and severe anemia were 1.12 (95% CI: 0.79–1.60), 1.66 (95% CI: 1.06–2.58), and 2.24 (95% CI: 0.99–5.06), respectively. Odds ratios for mild, moderate, and severe polycythemia were 1.40 (95% CI: 0.95–2.07), 2.81 (95% CI: 1.32–5.99), and 14.32 (95% CI: 3.84–53.44), respectively.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that moderate to severe anemia and polycythemia are independently associated with increased postoperative mortality in patients undergoing craniotomy for brain tumor resection. These findings underscore the importance of identifying and managing abnormal hematocrit values before craniotomy surgery.
Long-read sequencing of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma tumors reveal diverse patterns of high-risk Human Papillomavirus integration
Authors: Gauthier Marc-Andre , Kadam Adway , Leveque Gary , Golabi Nahid , Zeitouni Anthony , Richardson Keith , Mascarella Marco , Sadeghi Nader , Loganathan Sampath Kumar 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionIn North America and in most European countries, Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for over 70% of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. The burden of OPSCC, in high-income countries, has been steadily increasing over the past 20 years. As a result, in the USA and in the UK, the burden of HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in men has now surpassed that of cervical cancer in women. However, the oncogenic impact of high-risk HPV integration in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas hasn’t been extensively studied. The present study aimed to explore the patterns of HPV integration in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas and to assess the feasibility and reliability of long-read sequencing technology in detecting viral integration events in oropharyngeal head and neck cancers.MethodsA cohort of eight HPV-positive OPSCC pre-treatment patient tumors (four males and four females), were selected. All patients received a p16INK4A positive OPSCC diagnosis and were treated at the McGill University Health Centre, a quaternary center in Montreal. A minimum of 20mg of tumor tissue was used for DNA extraction. Extracted DNA was subjected to Nanopore long-read sequencing to detect and analyze for the presence of high-risk HPV sequences. PCR and Sanger sequencing experiments were performed to confirm Nanopore long-read sequencing readings.ResultsNanopore long-read sequencing showed that seven out of eight patient samples displayed either integrated or episomal high-risk HPV sequences. Out of these seven samples, four displayed verifiable integration events upon bioinformatic analysis. Integration confirmation experiments were designed for all four samples using PCR-based methods. Sanger sequencing was also performed. Four distinct HPV integration patterns were identified: concatemer chromosomal integration in a single chromosome, bi-chromosomal concatemer integration, single chromosome complete integration and bi-chromosomal complete integration. HPV concatemer integration also proved more common than full HPV integration events.Conclusion and relevanceLong-read sequencing technologies can be effectively used to assess HPV integration patterns in OPSCC tumors. Clinically, more research should be conducted on the prognostication value of high-risk HPV integration in OPSCC tumors using long-read sequencing technology.
The top 100 most cited articles in helical tomotherapy: a scoping review
Authors: Zhang Yadong , Rong Liyi , Wang Zhiqiang , Zhao Hongfu 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThe purpose of this scoping review was to explore the top 100 most cited articles in helical tomotherapy (HT) through bibliometric analysis and visualization tools, help researchers comprehensively understand the research hotspots of HT, and provide clear and intuitive network visualization.MethodsThe Web of Science Core Collection and the search strategy of “Title (TI)=(tomotherapy)” were used to search for articles related to HT as of 27 May 2023. The top 100 most cited articles were obtained by sorting “citations: highest first”. From these top 100 most cited articles, the following information was extracted: journals, years and months, countries, authors, types of tumor treated, and topics. The VOSviewer software was introduced for visualizing all the articles related to HT.ResultsThe top 100 most cited articles in HT were published between 1999 and 2019. The citation counts of these articles ranges from 326 to 45, with a total of 8,422 citations at the time of searching. The index of citations per year (CPY) ranges from 22.32 to 2.45. These articles originated from 17 countries, with most publications from the United States (n=50), followed by Canada (n=12), Italy (n=10), Germany (n=7) and Belgium (n=5). The International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics published the highest number of articles (n=31), followed by Radiotherapy and Oncology (n=20), Medical Physics (n=13) and Strahlentherapie und Onkologie (n=12). In terms of specific tumor types, head and neck cancer (n=15) is the most common disease, followed by cancers with complex target structures (n=14), breast cancer (n=12), prostate cancer (n=10) and lung cancer (n=8). The most common research topics also include dosimetric comparison (n = 44), quality assurance (n = 12) and Megavoltage CT (n = 8).ConclusionThis scoping review provides a comprehensive list of the 100 most cited articles in HT. This analysis offers valuable insights into the current research directions of HT that can be utilized by researchers, clinicians, and policy-makers.
NIH-supported implementation science and nutrition research: a portfolio review of the past decade
Authors: Vorkoper Susan , Korn Ariella R. , Maruvada Padma , Nicastro Holly L. , Shi Scarlet 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThis portfolio analysis aims to describe the scope of NIH-funded extramural research grants at the intersection of nutrition research and implementation science (IS) from 2011 to 2022 and to offer insights into future research opportunities relevant to the Strategic Plan for NIH Nutrition Research 2020–2030.MethodsA portfolio analysis of funded grants using NIH reporting systems was conducted to identify nutrition research and IS awarded between fiscal years 2011 and 2022. The authors screened the titles and abstracts for inclusion criteria: research and career development awards involved a nutrition and/or dietary intervention and measured a stated implementation outcome or used an IS theory, model, or framework.ResultsIn total, 33 NIH-funded awards met the inclusion criteria. Almost half of the awards (48.5%) were investigator-initiated research projects compared to research career awards and cooperative agreements. While studies were predominantly conducted in the United States, 15.2% were conducted in low- and middle-income countries in Africa, Latin America, and Asia. Adults aged 19–64 years and children aged 2–11 years represented most of the study populations (45.5 and 15.2%, respectively). Studies provided nutrition/dietary guidelines and created culturally tailored interventions, which were then adapted in collaboration with community partners in schools, hospitals, and religious settings. The most cited IS outcomes were feasibility, costs, adoption, and acceptability. Sixteen awards (48.5%) used an IS theory, model, or framework to guide their work.DiscussionThe findings show the breadth of NIH-funded nutrition and implementation research and highlight potential research opportunities.
Kitchen fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations from biomass fuel use in rural households of Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Enyew Habtamu Demelash , Hailu Abebe Beyene , Mereta Seid Tiku 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundCombustion of solid biomass fuels using traditional stoves which is the daily routine for 3 billion people emits various air pollutants including fine particulate matter which is one of the widely recognized risk factors for various cardiorespiratory and other health problems. But, there is only limited evidences of kitchen PM2.5 concentrations in rural Ethiopia.ObjectiveThis study is aimed to estimate the 24-h average kitchen area concentrations of PM2.5 and to identify associated factors in rural households of northwest Ethiopia.MethodThe average kitchen area PM2.5 concentrations were measured using a low-cost light-scattering Particle and Temperature Sensor Plus (PATS+) for a 24-h sampling period. Data from the PATS+ was downloaded in electronic form for further analysis. Other characteristics were collected using face-to-face interviews. Independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to test differences in PM2.5 concentrations between and among various characteristics, respectively.ResultMixed fuels were the most common cooking biomass fuel. The 24-h average kitchen PM2.5 concentrations was estimated to be 405 μg/m3, ranging from 52 to 965 μg/m3. The average concentrations were 639 vs. 336 μg/m3 (p &lt; 0.001) in the thatched and corrugated iron sheet roof kitchens, respectively. The average concentration was also higher among mixed fuel users at 493 vs. 347 μg/m3 (p = 0.042) compared with firewood users and 493 vs. 233 μg/m3 (p = 0.007) as compared with crop residue fuel users. Statistically significant differences were also observed across starter fuel types 613 vs. 343 μg/m3 (p = 0.016) for kerosene vs. dried leaves and Injera baking events 523 vs. 343 μg/m3 (p &lt; 0.001) for baked vs. not baked events.ConclusionThe average kitchen PM2.5 concentrations in the study area exceeded the world health organization indoor air quality guideline value of 15 μg/m3 which can put pregnant women at greater risk and contribute to poor pregnancy outcomes. Thatched roof kitchen, mixed cooking fuel, kerosene fire starter, and Injera baking events were positively associated with high-level average kitchen PM2.5. concentration. Simple cost-effective interventions like the use of chimney-fitted improved stoves and sensitizing women about factors that aggravate kitchen PM2.5 concentrations could reduce kitchen PM 2.5 levels in the future.
Serious life events and associated PTSD in Gambian girls exposed to female genital cutting
Authors: Heir Trond , Bendiksen Bothild , Minteh Fabakary , Kuye Rex A. , Lien Inger-Lise 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionPoor mental health, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), has been reported after female genital cutting (FGC). However, data documenting adverse consequences of FGC have insufficiently considered confounding factors, such as other traumatising events. Here, we examined the extent to which FGC versus other serious life events disturbed Gambian girls subjected to FGC. We additionally assessed the prevalence of PTSD and the extent to which it was attributed to FGC versus other serious life events.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study with a community-based sample of 12 years-old Gambian girls who had been subjected to FGC (N = 125). Using structured interviews, we assessed serious life events and probable PTSD related to the event that the girls cited as bothering them the most.ResultsMost of the girls reported several serious life events in addition to FGC, such as witnessing violence, experiencing violence or assaults, death of a close relative, and being exposed to natural disasters or serious accidents, for an average 4.5 events per girl. Around one-sixth of the girls (16.8%) stated that FGC was the event that currently bothered them the most, whereas the majority (75.2%) emphasised other experiences. The girls who said they were most troubled by other events reported more impaired daily functioning than those most bothered by FGC. Overall, we found a prevalence of probable PTSD of 19.2%. Of 24 PTSD cases, one was attributed to the experience of FGC, and the remaining 23 were attributed to other events.ConclusionOur findings indicate that FGC is less important than other serious life events in explaining high rates of PTSD in Gambian girls. Associations established in the field between FGC and adverse mental health must be interpreted with caution because girls who have undergone FGC may be severely exposed to other traumatising events.
Dual-Matrix Domain Wall: A Novel Technique for Generating Permutations by QUBO and Ising Models with Quadratic Sizes
Authors: Nakano Koji , Tsukiyama Shunsuke , Ito Yasuaki , Yazane Takashi , Yano Junko , Kato Takumi , Ozaki Shiro , Mori Rie , Katsuki Ryota 
Published: October 2023

The Ising model is defined by an objective function using a quadratic formula of qubit variables. The problem of an Ising model aims to determine the qubit values of the variables that minimize the objective function, and many optimization problems can be reduced to this problem. In this paper, we focus on optimization problems related to permutations, where the goal is to find the optimal permutation out of the n! possible permutations of n elements. To represent these problems as Ising models, a commonly employed approach is to use a kernel that applies one-hot encoding to find any one of the n! permutations as the optimal solution. However, this kernel contains a large number of quadratic terms and high absolute coefficient values. The main contribution of this paper is the introduction of a novel permutation encoding technique called the dual-matrix domain wall, which significantly reduces the number of quadratic terms and the maximum absolute coefficient values in the kernel. Surprisingly, our dual-matrix domain-wall encoding reduces the quadratic term count and maximum absolute coefficient values from n3−n2 and 2n−4 to 6n2−12n+4 and 2, respectively. We also demonstrate the applicability of our encoding technique to partial permutations and Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) models. Furthermore, we discuss a family of permutation problems that can be efficiently implemented using Ising/QUBO models with our dual-matrix domain-wall encoding.
On a Halley-Steffensen method for approximating the solutions of scalar equations
Authors: Păvăloiu Ion 
Published: October 2023

In the present paper we show that the Steffensen method for solving the scalar equation \(f\left( x\right) =0\), applied to equation\[h\left( x\right) =\tfrac{f\left( x\right) }{\sqrt{f^{\prime}\left( x\right) }}=0,\]leads to bilateral approximations for the solution. Moreover, the convergence order is at least 3, i.e. as in the case of the Halley method.
The approximation of the solutions of equations using approximant sequences
Authors: Diaconu Adrian 
Published: October 2023

We intend to characterize the convergence of a certain sequence
that belongs to a subset of a Banach space towards the solution of
an equation obtained by the annulment of a nonlinear mapping that
is defined on this subset and that takes values in another linear
normed space. This mapping has a Fréchet derivative of a
certain order which verifies the Lipschitz condition. We can
establish some conditions that are enough both for the existence
of the equation's solution and for a speed of convergence of a
certain order for the approximant sequence.
¿Téseras mineras del sureste hispano o nuevos cuadrantes de Carthago Nova?
Authors: Martínez Chico David 
Published: October 2023

The aim of this paper is to organize for the first time an uncertain issue, which we definitely assign to the territory of Carthago Nova. The obverse depicts an
aspergillum and the reverse a securis. The issue can be dated between the end of the 1st century BC and the beginning of the 1st century AD. In addition, unpublished coin finds confirm the suggested location. On the other hand, the nature of these bronze pieces is discussed. It seems more correct to interpret them as tesserae rather than as Carthago Nova’s quadrantes. The most convincing fact, although not definitive, is the absence of a magistrate in charge of the issue or even of the name of the colony itself, as in the form of an abbreviation – C(olonia) V(rbs) I(ulia) N(ova Carthago)– in the anonymous issue with Minerva and statue on a pedestal (RPC I 151).
الطبيعة القانونية لعقد الرعاية الرياضية
Authors: حسوني محمد , عبد الرضا حسين 
Published: October 2023

يعد عقد الرعاية الرياضية من اهم العقود التي تبرمها المؤوسسات الرياضية من اجل الحصول على التمويل الكافي لاجل اداء نشاطاتها ، فقد كان لاحترافية النشاطات الرياضية ومتابعتها من قبل فئات عديدة من الجمهور ووجود مؤوسسات تجارية او صناعية تريد ابراز اسمائها من خلال هذه النشاطات الاثر البالغ في ظهور هذا العقد وتطوره.
تطرقت هذه الدراسة للطبيعة القانونية لعقد الرعاية الرياضية من خلال البحث في مدى انطباق بعض احكام العقود المسماة عليه ، ومن ثم تطبيق أي احكام عليه ، وذلك من خلال تناول العقود الواردة على المنفعة كعقد الترخيص ، وعقد الوديعة ، والعقود الواردة على العمل كعقد العمل وعقد المقاولة.