bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential dynamic corneal response parameters for myopia: Relationship of axial length with whole eye movement at the first and second applanations and the highest concavity
Authors: Yang Ye , Chu Zhe , Cheng Lu , Cheng Hao , Ren Qi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the correlation between whole eye movement (WEM) parameters measured using Corvis ST and axial length (AL) to explore whether AL has an effect on WEM in addition to orbital soft tissue.
Methods: This single-center, cross-sectional study included data from healthy subjects and patients preparing for refractive surgery in the Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University. Data were collected from July 2021 to April 2022. First, we determined the correlations of WEMs at the time of first applanation (A1_WEM), highest concavity (HC_WEM) and second applanation (A2_WEM) and the maximum value of WEM (WEM_Max) with AL. Then we established a series of regression models to analyze the relationship between different WEM values and AL.
Results: AL was negatively correlated with HC_WEM, A2_WEM, and WEM_Max (r = −0.28, −0.23, and −0.22, respectively; P < 0.001). The correlation between AL and A1_WEM was not significant (P = 0.77). In adjusted regression models, AL was negatively associated with HC_WEM (Model 2: β = −7.39, P < 0.001) and WEM_Max (Model 4: β= −3.52, P = 0.02), but the associations of AL with A1_WEM (Model 1: P= 0.61) and A2_WEM (Model 3: P = 0.23) were not significant.
Conclusions: This study confirmed a negative correlation between AL and HC_WEM. AL is an independent influencing factor for HC_WEM.
Role of transesophageal echocardiography in decision-making of coronary artery obstruction in surgical aortic valve replacement
Authors: Mitsuishi Atsuyuki , Orihashi Kazumasa , Miura Yujiro , Saito Ren 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute coronary artery obstruction is a rare but lethal complication of surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), which may be caused by embolization of resected native tissue such as calcium plaque, thrombus or perivalvular aortic tissue like fatembolus. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are the main treatment modalities. PCI is less invasive, but it is difficult to determine its feasibility intraoperatively.
Case presentation
We report an 86-year-old woman who had asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis. She had scleroderma with an intractable left leg ulcer and bilateral leg varices. Considering the possibility of the spread of infection from the leg wound, SAVR was performed via right anterior thoracotomy to avoid complications such as mediastinitis. Coronary artery occlusion was suspected after weaning of cardiopulmonary bypass in the operation room due to asynergywith ST elevation and new severe mitral regurgitation. Transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) helped diagnose coronary obstruction by embolus based on the degree of stenosis and the movement of the stenosis site. Percutaneous catheter intervention was performed successfully to restore coronary perfusion.
Conclusion
Repeated and continuous TEE enabled the diagnosis of coronary artery stenosis caused by embolus and helped ascertain the feasibility of percutaneous catheter intervention. This is especially invaluable in cases where obtaining a saphenous graft for CABG is difficult or where CABG would have required conversion from minimally invasive surgery (anterolateralapproach) to median sternotomy. By communication with anesthesiologists who performed repeated and continuous TEE during an operation, we were able to select a less invasive surgery for the patient.
Surgical therapy of acute diaphragmatic hernia: long experience in our facilities
Authors: Saad Hassan Awad , Baz Azza , Eraky Mohamed Elsayed , El-Taher Ahmed Kamal , Riad Mohamed , Farid Mohamed Ibrahim , Sharaf Khaled 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Context Here, we discuss our surgical experience treating traumatic diaphragmatic hernias while attempting to determine the historical influence of various time periods on mortality risk factors and outcomes. methods From Mau 2005 to April 2022, we operated on 126 individuals who had been with traumatic diaphragmatic hernias in emergency Zagazig University Hospital. In order to show the features of the injuries, determine the best course of treatment, identify death risk factors, and compare two time periods (2010–2016 and 2016–2022) separated by the introduction of computed tomography at our institution, the patient records were examined and statistically evaluated. Results The average age of the population was 31.2 ± 16.3 years, with a ratio of 11/52 for men to women. In 38 cases (30.2%), penetrating trauma was the mechanism; in 88 cases (69.9%), blunt trauma was the cause. Computed tomography was performed on two-thirds of the patients in the second group (201 6–2022) but not on any of the patients in the first group (2010–2016). Twenty patients (15.9%), with four in the second group and sixteen in the first (p = .042), received their diagnoses later than expected. Thoracotomies were the most often performed incision (n = 86, 89.6%). Between the two periods, there was no statistically significant variation in either mortality or etiology. According to univariate analysis, survivors outnumbered non-survivors in terms of age, injury severity scores (ISS), and American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grade. Increased age (odds ratio, 1.275; p = .013) and greater ISS (OR, 1.174; p = .028) were found to be risk factors for death in all patients by multivariate logistic regression analysis. In conclusion The preoperative diagnostic rate has increased dramatically with the use of high-definition computed tomography. With favorable results, the transthoracic technique may be performed in certain cases of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia. Patients who are older and have a higher ISS have a higher mortality rate.
Partial femoral head replacement: A new innovative hip-preserving approach for treating osteonecrosis of the femoral head and its finite element analysis
Authors: Yang Yanjiang , Cheng Xiaodong , Zhu Yanbin , Li Guimiao , Wang Yuchuan , Sun Weiyi , An Wen , Zhang Qi , Zhang Yingze 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Controversy remains regarding the optimal treatment for stage III Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). This study presents, for the first time, the precise treatment of stage III ONFH using the "substitute the beam for a pillar" technique and performs a comparative finite element analysis with other hip-preserving procedures.
Methods
A formalin-preserved femur of male cadavers was selected to obtain the CT scan data of femur. The proximal femur model was reconstructed and assembled using Mimics 20.0, Geomagic, and UG-NX 12.0 software with four different implant types: simple core decompression, fibula implantation, porous tantalum rod implantation, and partial replacement prosthesis. The finite element simulations were conducted to simulate the normal walking gait, and the stress distribution and displacement data of the femur and the implant model were obtained.
Results
The peak von Mises stress of the femoral head and proximal femur in the PRFH group were 22.8 MPa and 37.4 MPa, respectively, which were 3.1–38.6% and 12.8–37.4% lower than those of the other three surgical methods.
Conclusions
After partial replacement of femoral head, the curvature of prosthetic head and femoral head is the same, and the stress conduction mode is the same as that of normal hip joint. However, stress concentration occurs at the joint between prosthetic head and stem, and the choice of materials with higher strength should be considered.
ANWO-MPL:An Adaptive Nonlinear Multi-layer Perceptron Cyber Intrusion Detection Framework
Authors: El-ghaish Hany , Miqrish Haitham , Elmogy Ahmed , Elawady Wael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The critical need for robust defense against cyber-attacks has driven thedevelopment of Cyber Intrusion Detection Systems (CIDSs). AlthoughCIDSs have proven good capabilities of swiftly and accurately iden-tifying malicious activities, there are still some challenges have to betackled. The exponential growth of the search space is one of thesechallenges making finding an optimal solution computationally infeasi-ble for large datasets. Furthermore, the weight space while searchingfor optimal weight is highly nonlinear. Motivated by the observedcharacteristics, complexities, and challenges in the field, this paperpresents an innovative (CIDS) named ANWO-MLP (Adaptive NonlinearWhale Optimization Multi-layer Perceptron). A novel feature selectionmethod called ANWO-FS (Adaptive Nonlinear Whale Optimization -Feature Selection) is employed in the proposed CIDS to identify themost predictive features enabling robust MLP training even in thehighly nonlinear weight spaces. The insider threat detection process is improved by investigating vital aspects of CIDS, including data pro-cessing, initiation, and output handling. We adopt ANWOA (previouslyproposed by us) to mitigate local stagnation, enable rapid conver-gence, optimize control parameters, and handle multiple objectives byinitializing the weight vector in the ANWO-MLP training with mini-mal mean square error. Experiments were conducted on various highlyimbalanced datasets to verify the robustness, stability, and efficiencyof our proposed ANWO-MLP . By employing diverse metrics, superiordetection rates are demonstrated compared to existing approaches.
Apoptotic cell death in an animal model of virus-induced acute liver failure – observations during Lagovirus europaeus/GI.2 infection
Authors: Bębnowska Dominika , Hrynkiewicz Rafał , Rzeszotek Sylwia , Freus Marika , Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej Paulina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Lagovirus europaeus/GI.2 causes severe and highly fatal Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease. Because of its characteristics, this infection is used as an animal model for acute liver failure (ALF). Apoptosis is one of the key processes underlying ALF and has been described as one of the mechanisms of RHD pathogenesis. Apoptotic cell death has been quite well characterized in infection with different variants of GI.1 strains, but so far GI.2 genotype has not been widely studied. In this study, we performed an evaluation of apoptotic cell death in hepatocytes of rabbits infected with Lagovirus europaeus/GI.2. We analyzed the expression of genes involved in apoptotic cell death by real-time PCR and performed immunohistochemical (IHC) assay. As a result, we showed a significant increase in the expression of caspase-3 and the pro-apoptotic Bax and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 in infected animals. In addition, we recorded increased Bax/Bcl2 ratios. IHC analysis showed the presence of morphological signs of apoptosis in the hepatocytes of infected rabbits. Our results indicate that caspase-3 and the proteins from Bcl2 families play a key role in apoptosis induced by Lagovirus europaeus/GI.2 infection.
Si 2 BN QuantumDots as Efficient Detectors of Carbamazepine in Aqueous Environment: First principles study
Authors: Elbendary Nada , Abdelsalam Hazem , Tawfik Walid , Ibrahim Medhat A. , Khalil Mostafa M. H. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) excreted into the environment have dangerous consequences on environmental impacts and public health. Therefore, it is crucial to find efficient methods for the treatment of these pollutants. Currently, a wide range of physical, biological, and chemical processes are being explored for the removal of such contaminants. Here we consider the capability of the ultrathin Si2BN quantum dots to adsorb and eliminate Carbamazepine. Based on first-principles calculations, we studied the electronic structure and the adsorption energy of Carbamazepine (CBZ) by a stable Si2BN nanoflakes. We estimated the adsorption energies on two different sites of Si2BN monolayer. The calculated positive values (~0.83eV) of adsorption energy implies that the considered Si2BN nanoflakes are able to adsorb Carbamazepine through all the proposed adsorption sites.
Measuring the Similarity of Charts in Graphical Statistics. Cartograms, Choropleth Maps and Radar Charts
Authors: Górnisiewicz Krzysztof , Palka Zbigniew , Ratajczak Waldemar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper adds to the existing literature in the field of graphical statistics, proposing a new approach to assessing the degree of similarity of statistical charts of various types, and presenting new metrics that make this possible.
This improves analytical capabilities with respect to various processes mapped with well-known types of statistical charts, such as choropleth maps, radar charts, etc.
Decomposition of the Anisotropic Strain in 3D-Structure GaN Layers using Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Takeuchi Kazuma , Ogura Hiroyuki , Hasuike Noriyuki , Kamikawa Takeshi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Strain engineering for gallium nitride has been studied by many researchers to improve the performance of various devices (i.e., light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, power devices, high electron mobility transistors, and so on). Further miniaturization of gallium nitride devices will clearly continue in the future, and therefore an accurate understanding of the strain state in the devices is essential. However, a measurement technique for axially resolved evaluation of the strain in microareas has not yet been established. In this study, we revealed that the anisotropic strain state induced in c-plane growth gallium nitride is linked to the split state of Raman peaks, which were measured with z(xx)z̅ and z(yx)z̅ polarized configurations. The anisotropic strain state in c-plane gallium nitride was induced in the 3D- structure by epitaxial lateral overgrowth, which enabled successful performance of our work. This result allowed us to axially decompose the strain in c-plane gallium nitride through Raman spectroscopy and establish a measurement technique for axially resolving the strain. This measurement technique is feasible using a conventional Raman spectrometer. Furthermore, the method was indicated to be applicable to all wurtzite-type crystals, including gallium nitride, silicon carbide, and aluminum nitride. Our work provides a new perspective for understanding the complex strain state in microareas for wurtzite materials.
Comprehending the strain state, which strongly affects device performance, will help promote the research and development of III-V semiconductor devices.
Welcome to the next generation of Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests: Comparative Analysis of NxTek Eliminate Malaria P.f, Biocredit Malaria Ag Pf, and SD Bioline Malaria Ag Pf for Plasmodium falciparum Diagnosis in Ghana
Authors: Kayode Tolulope A , Addo Agyapong Kofi Addo , Addison Thomas Kwame , Tweneboah Austine , Afriyie Stephen Opoku , Abass Dawood Ackom , Seth Ayesha , Badu-Tawiah Abraham K. , Badu Kingsley , Koepfli Cristian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background: Accurate diagnosis and timely treatment are crucial in combating malaria.
Methods: We evaluated the diagnostic performance of three Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) in diagnosing febrile patients, namely: Abbott NxTek Eliminate Malaria Ag Pf (detecting HRP2), Rapigen Biocredit Malaria Ag Pf (detecting HRP2 and LDH on separate bands), and SD Bioline Malaria Ag Pf (detecting HRP2). Results were compared to qPCR.
Results: Among 449 clinical patients, 45.7% (205/449) tested positive by qPCR for P. falciparum with a mean parasite density of 12.5parasites/μL. The sensitivity of the Biocredit RDT was 52.2% (107/205), NxTek RDT was 49.3% (101/205), and Bioline RDT was 40.5% (83/205). When samples with parasite densities lower than 20 parasites/uL were excluded (n=116), a sensitivity of 88.8% (79/89, NxTek), 89.9% (80/89, Biocredit), and 78.7% (70/89, Bioline) was obtained. All three RDTs demonstrated specificity above 95%. The limits of detection was 84 parasites/μL (NxTek), 56 parasites/μL (Biocredit, considering either HRP2 or LDH), and 331 parasites/μL (Bioline). None of the three qPCR-confirmed P. falciparum positive samples, identified solely through the LDH target, carried hrp2/3 deletions.
Conclusion: The Biocredit and NxTek RDTs demonstrated comparable diagnostic efficacies and both RDTs performed better than Bioline RDT.
Simulation and Characteristic Analysis of High-Temperature Thermal Runaway Process in Ternary Lithium- Ion Batteries
Authors: LIANG KUNFENG , ZHU QING , ZHOU XUN 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study addresses the thermal safety issues of ternary lithium-ion batteries, focusing on NCM523 monomer lithium-ion batteries as the research subject. A thermal abuse model for lithium-ion batteries is established, and thermal Oven experiments are simulated to investigate the thermal runaway (TR) process of lithium-ion batteries under high-temperature conditions (135°C ~ 195°C). The study analyzes the impact of various factors such as environmental temperature, state of charge (SOC) of the battery, initial battery temperature, and heat transfer coefficient on the thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries. Additionally, it examines the changes in the internal material content of the battery and heat generation in various parts of the battery during the thermal runaway process. The research reveals that at an oven temperature of 195°C, the maximum temperature during the thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries can reach approximately 625°C. The reactions between the negative electrode and electrolyte, as well as the positive electrode and electrolyte, are the primary sources of heat generation during thermal runaway. An increase in the state of charge of the battery leads to an earlier onset of thermal runaway. Furthermore, an increase in the heat transfer coefficient results in an earlier onset of thermal runaway. Implementing appropriate cooling methods (liquid cooling or direct cooling) can to some extent prevent the occurrence of thermal runaway phenomena.
Astrocyte-specific inhibition of primary cilium functions improves cognitive impairment during neuroinflammation by suppressing C3-positive reactive astrocyte differentiation
Authors: Muhamad Nor Atiqah , Masutani Kohei , Furukawa Shota , Yuri Shunsuke , Toriyama Michinori , Matsumoto Chuya , Itoh Seiya , Shinagawa Yuichiro , Isotani Ayako , Toriyama Manami , Itoh Hiroshi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

C3-positive reactive astrocytes play a neurotoxic role in various neurodegenerative diseases. While inhibiting the differentiation of C3-positive reactive astrocytes can slow disease progression, the mechanisms controlling C3-positive reactive astrocyte differentiation are largely unknown. The primary cilium is a cellular organelle that receives extracellular signals and regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and maturation. To elucidate the physiological function of the primary cilium in C3-positive reactive astrocytes, we utilized primary astrocytes and an inflammation mouse model. We found that the length of the primary cilium was increased in astrocytes, and the inhibition of primary cilium formation inhibited their differentiation into C3-positive reactive astrocytes. Since mice with systemic ciliogenesis defects exhibit embryonic lethality, the function of the primary cilium in adults has remained largely unclear. Therefore, we established conditional knockout (cKO) mice that specifically inhibit primary cilium function in astrocytes upon drug stimulation. In a neuroinflammation mouse model in which lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was intraperitoneally injected into wild-type mice, increases in C3-positive reactive astrocyte number and primary cilium length were observed in the brain. In contrast, cKO mice exhibited a reduction in the proportions of C3-positive reactive astrocytes and apoptotic cells in the brain. Additionally, the novel object recognition (NOR) score observed in the cKO mice was higher than that observed in the neuroinflammation model mice. These results suggest that the primary cilium in astrocytes is essential for C3-positive reactive astrocyte differentiation, which leads to a decline brain function. We propose that regulating astrocyte-specific primary cilium signalling may be a novel strategy for the suppression of neuroinflammation.
Reduced Gray Matter Volume of the Hippocampal Tail as a Characteristic Change in Melancholic Depression: Evidence from an MRI Study
Authors: Chu Zhaosong , Yuan Lijin , Lian Kun , He Mengxin , Lu Yi , Cheng Yuqi , Xu Xiufeng , Shen Zonglin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Melancholic depression (MD) is one of the most prevalent and severe subtypes of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, to date, no research has been conducted on the alterations in grey matter volume (GMV) of the hippocampal and amygdala subregions in MD. The purpose of this study is to investigate subregional differences of the hippocampus and amygdala in MD, non-melancholic depression (NMD) and healthy controls (HCs).
Methods
A total of 146 drug-naïve MDD patients with first-episode (72 patients with MD and 74 patients with NMD) and 81 gender-, age-, education matched HCs were included in the study. All participants completed the 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. The subregional segmentation of hippocampus and amygdala was performed using the FreeSurfer 6.0 software. The multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to detect GMV differences of the hippocampal and amygdala subregions between three groups, and partial correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between abnormal hippocampus or amygdala subfields and clinical characteristics in MD group.
Results
Patients with MD exhibited a significantly lower GMV of the right hippocampal tail compared to HCs, which was uncorrelated with clinical characteristics of MD. There were no significant differences between the three groups in overall and subregional GMV of amygdala.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that specific hippocampal subregions in MD patients are more susceptible to volumetric alterations than the entire hippocampus. Atrophy of the right hippocampal tail may underlie the unique neuropathology of MD. Future longitudinal studies would be required to better investigate the associations between right hippocampal tail atrophy and the onset and progression of MD.
An Empirical Analysis of the Performance of Small Finance Banks (SFBs) in India using DEA and Tobit Model
Authors: Verma Amandeep 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study scrutinizes Small Finance Banks (SFBs) in India from 2019 to 2022, focusing on efficiency and their post-COVID-19 role in financial inclusion. It employs a two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) framework, revealing SFBs' resilience despite a brief 2020-21 dip due to lockdowns. The study offers valuable insights for niche segment expansion, expense management, and liquidity risk mitigation, recommending stock exchange listings and policy support to enhance the SFB ecosystem and their contribution to financial inclusion in India.
JEL: C24, C80, G29