bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of contaminants in the Lyman-alpha forest auto-correlation with DESI
Authors: Guy J. , Gontcho S.Gontcho A. , Armengaud E. , Brodzeller A. , Cuceu A. , Font-Ribera A. , Herrera-Alcantar H.K. , Karaçaylı N.G. , Muñoz-Gutiérrez A. , Pieri M.M. , Pérez-Ràfols I. , Ramírez-Pérez C. , Ravoux C. , Rich J. , Walther M. , Abdul Karim M. , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Bault A. , Brooks D. , Claybaugh T. , de la Cruz R. , de la Macorra A. , Doel P. , Fanning K. , Forero-Romero J.E. , Gaztañaga E. , Gonzalez-Morales A.X. , Gutierrez G. , Hahn C. , Honscheid K. , Juneau S. , Kehoe R. , Kirkby D. , Kisner T. , Kremin A. , Lambert A. , Landriau M. , Le Guillou L. , Manera M. , Martini P. , Meisner A. , Miquel R. , Montero-Camacho P. , Moustakas J. , Mueller E. , Myers A.D. , Nie J. , Niz G. , Palanque-Delabrouille N. , Percival W.J. , Poppett C. , Rezaie M. , Rossi G. , Sanchez E. , Schlegel D. , Schubnell M. , Seo H. , Silber J. , Sprayberry D. , Tan T. , Tarlé G. , Vargas-Magaña M. , Zou H. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Baryon Acoustic Oscillations can be measured with sub-percent precision above redshift two with the Lyman-α (Lyα) forest auto-correlation and its cross-correlation with quasar positions. This is one of the key goals of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) which started its main survey in May 2021. We present in this paper a study of the contaminants to the Lyα forest which are mainly caused by correlated signals introduced by the spectroscopic data processing pipeline as well as astrophysical contaminants due to foreground absorption in the intergalactic medium. Notably, an excess signal caused by the sky background subtraction noise is present in the Lyα auto-correlation in the first line-of-sight separation bin. We use synthetic data to isolate this contribution, we also characterize the effect of spectro-photometric calibration noise, and propose a simple model to account for both effects in the analysis of the Lyα forest. We then measure the auto-correlation of the quasar flux transmission fraction of low redshift quasars, where there is no Lyα forest absorption but only its contaminants. We demonstrate that we can interpret the data with a two-component model: data processing noise and triply ionized Silicon and Carbon auto-correlations. This result can be used to improve the modeling of the Lyα auto-correlation function measured with DESI.
Fiducial-cosmology-dependent systematics for the DESI 2024 BAO analysis
Authors: Pérez-Fernández A. , Medina-Varela L. , Ruggeri R. , Vargas-Magaña M. , Seo H. , Padmanabhan N. , Ishak M. , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Alam S. , Alves O. , Andrade U. , Brieden S. , Brooks D. , Carnero Rosell A. , Chen X. , Claybaugh T. , Cole S. , Dawson K. , de la Macorra A. , de Mattia A. , Dey Arjun , Ding Z. , Doel P. , Fanning K. , Garcia-Quintero C. , Gaztañaga E. , Gontcho S.Gontcho A. , Gutierrez G. , Honscheid K. , Juneau S. , Kirkby D. , Kisner T. , Lambert A. , Landriau M. , Lasker J. , Le Guillou L. , Manera M. , Martini P. , Meisner A. , Mena-Fernández J. , Miquel R. , Moustakas J. , Myers A.D. , Nadathur S. , Newman J.A. , Niz G. , Paillas E. , Palanque-Delabrouille N. , Percival W.J. , Poppett C. , Prada F. , Rashkovetskyi M. , Rocher A. , Rossi G. , Sanchez A. , Sanchez E. , Schubnell M. , Sprayberry D. , Tarlé G. , Valcin D. , Weaver B.A. , Yu J. , Zou H. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
When measuring the Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) scale from galaxy surveys, one typically assumes a fiducial cosmology when converting redshift measurements into comoving distances and also when defining input parameters for the reconstruction algorithm. A parameterised template for the model to be fitted is also created based on a (possibly different) fiducial cosmology. This model reliance can be considered a form of data compression, and the data is then analysed allowing that the true answer is different from the fiducial cosmology assumed. In this study, we evaluate the impact of the fiducial cosmology assumed in the BAO analysis of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey Data Release 1 (DR1) on the final measurements in DESI 2024 III. We utilise a suite of mock galaxy catalogues with survey realism that mirrors the DESI DR1 tracers: the bright galaxy sample (BGS), the luminous red galaxies (LRG), the emission line galaxies (ELG) and the quasars (QSO), spanning a redshift range from 0.1 to 2.1. We compare the four secondary AbacusSummit cosmologies against DESI's fiducial cosmology (Planck 2018). The secondary cosmologies explored include a lower cold dark matter density, a thawing dark energy universe, a higher number of effective species, and a lower amplitude of matter clustering. The mocks are processed through the BAO pipeline by consistently iterating the grid, template, and reconstruction reference cosmologies. We determine a conservative systematic contribution to the error of 0.1% for both the isotropic and anisotropic dilation parameters α
iso and α
AP. We then directly test the impact of the fiducial cosmology on DESI DR1 data.
Characterization of pre-production petals for the ATLAS Inner Tracker strip detector
Authors: Basso M.J. ,   the ATLAS ITk collaboration
Published: January 2025

Abstract
For the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider, the ATLAS experiment will replace its current Inner Detector with an all-silicon Inner Tracker (ITk), consisting of pixel and strip systems. In the end-cap, silicon sensor modules of the strip system are mounted onto support structures called “petals”. To facilitate the assembly of petals, an automated system has been developed which streamlines the production process and ensures uniformity. This paper presents the latest results from the assembly of the first ITk pre-production petals, including characterization of their electrical performance and studies of their robustness at temperatures ≤ -35 ∘C.
Pileup mitigation in Hadron Forward calorimeter at the Level-1 trigger of the CMS experiment for the HL-LHC
Authors: Ghodgaonkar Abhijeet , Sugunan Aravind Thachayath , Govekar Pranav Keshav , Patil Mandakini Ravindra , Mazumdar Kajari ,   the CMS collaboration
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The high luminosity operation of the LHC will deliver collisions with a luminosity about 10 times the original design value. This poses a big challenge for trigger and data acquisition due to nearly 200 overlapping collisions, called pile up, within the same bunch crossing. Disentanglement of the pileup particles from those of interesting physics processes is achieved by implementing the Pile-Up Per Particle Identification (PUPPI) algorithm. We present the strategy for implementation of PUPPI at the Level-1 (L1) trigger, focusing on the Hadron Forward (HF) Calorimeter detector of the CMS experiment. The main features of the custom firmware developed for this purpose is discussed.
Edge detection and depth evaluation of CFRP internal delamination defects based on differential image frequency domain preprocessing
Authors: Zhou Guangyu , Fu Yu , Zhang Zhijie , Yin Wuliang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) are widely used in
fields such as aviation and aerospace. However, subtle defects can
significantly impact the material's service life, making defect
detection a critical priority. This paper presents a method for
detecting delamination defects in carbon fiber reinforced composites
(CFRP) using line laser infrared thermography. A preprocessing
approach combining differential thermography and frequency-domain
filtering is proposed to effectively eliminate the trailing
artifacts caused by line laser scanning, resulting in defect feature
images with an improved signal-to-noise ratio. Utilizing the
preprocessed frequency-domain magnitude image data, an improved
Fuzzy C-Means clustering segmentation algorithm is developed,
achieving high-precision edge detection of layered defects with an
average accuracy of 95.0%. Furthermore, defect depth classification
based on the frequency-domain magnitude data is performed using the
K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm, yielding an average accuracy of
98.8%. These results validate the effectiveness of the proposed
algorithms for defect edge detection and depth assessment.
Optimized design of gamma detectors based on scintillator and wavelength-shifting fiber for arrayed radiation portal monitors
Authors: Su Hengyi , Wang Jiaqi , Wang Zhenyu , Xi Shanxue , Li Jiaming , Liu Qingyang , Wang Zungang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper describes the GEANT4 simulation results of a
wavelength shifting (WLS) fiber-based γ detector, which is
the fundamental detection unit within arrayed radiation portal
monitors. The structure of the detector unit consists of a plastic
scintillator, a wavelength shifting fiber, and a silicon
photomultipliers (SiPM), which is low cost and miniaturization. The
WLS fiber is spirally coiled at the plastic scintillator's backside,
which can be used for photon collection and transmission. Besides
SiPMs are attached to both ends of WLS fiber for photons detection
and photoelectric conversion. To further optimize the detector
performance, the simulations of scintillation photon generation and
transport within the detector were conducted using GEANT4
software. The investigation focused on the effects of the bending
radius, pitch, and length of the WLS fibers on photon collection and
transport efficiency. Furthermore, the study has examined the impact
of plastic scintillator size on photon output and the uniformity of
detector response. The results demonstrate that when the plastic
scintillator is 25 cm× 25 cm× 5 cm
and the WLS fibers are coiled with a minimum radius of 35 mm and a
pitch of 10 mm, the detector exhibits a high photon output and good
response uniformity. Moreover, embedding the fibers within the
plastic scintillator yields a higher light output than coupling them
on the surface of the plastic scintillator.
Introduction
Authors: Loporcaro Laura 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter introduces the main contention of the present work: Quintilian’s Institutio oratoria is a work that is artfully crafted and intrinsically persuasive, aiming to convince readers of the validity of its teachings through a coherent didactic framework. An overview is provided of the structure of the book: the book’s first chapter analyses how Quintilian first introduces his authorial persona and his project and outlines the construction of the Institutio. The following three chapters ground their analysis of the didactic framework in the discussion of central themes: Quintilian’s reception of Cicero, his conception of the ideal orator, and his polemic against stylistic corruption and Seneca the Younger. As this introductory chapter highlights, the four chapters together aim to give a sense of the construction, goals, and models of the Institutio, and to show how didactic authority is created.
The Ideal Orator
Authors: Loporcaro Laura 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chapter 3 focuses on Quintilian’s conception of the ideal orator. First, it examines how Quintilian claims to follow Cicero and indeed does so to some extent, but substantially differs from him. Like Cicero, he requires broad knowledge from the orator to counteract Platonic criticism of rhetoric. However, he integrates Stoic elements and attacks contemporary philosophers, claiming philosophy should be appropriated by orators. Using Stoic notions, Quintilian may be said to perform the appropriation he advocates. He builds a dichotomy between philosophers who ‘talk’ and orators who ‘act’, which he may adopt from Seneca the Younger, polemically overturning it. Second, this chapter argues that through his persistent use of imagery, Quintilian may be said to ‘do things with metaphors’. Metaphors of masculinity substantially contribute to the picture of the orator as someone who ‘does things with words’, coherently with the notion, also recalling Seneca, that a man’s speech reflects his character.
Cool Fuel
Authors: Leachman Jacob W , Wilhelmsen Øivind , Matveev Konstantin I 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Hydrogen, the first and most abundant element in our universe, is an essential zero-carbon fuel in humanity’s race against catastrophic climate change. However, very few have access to cryogenic systems for energy-dense hydrogen to gain the necessary experience to contribute to this race. This textbook is written as an invitation for scientists and engineers with experience in thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer to engage in this race for the future via cryogenic hydrogen research and development. We begin with the history of hydrogen and cryogenics, to create a context for current needs. In Chapter 2, we build a foundation for hydrogen’s unique quantum-mechanical effects on bulk thermophysical properties, and how to choose from and utilize available property models. Practical methods are presented in Chapter 3 for sensing and converting between the quantum-mechanical forms. Chapter 4 presents foundational aspects of hydrogen liquefaction and cooling in recuperative and regenerative cycles. Elements of hydrogen-transfer phenomena including heat-exchanger optimization and recently developed two-phase flow correlations and thermoacoustic instabilities are discussed in Chapter 5. Chapter 6 is an extensive analysis of liquid hydrogen storage-system options. The final chapter overviews the Cool Fuel School, a hands-on cryogenic hydrogen training course that helps readers develop a new system design and associated cryogenic hydrogen safety plan. Readers of this book should gain confidence in the foundational aspects of cryogenic hydrogen science and engineering.
Liquefaction
Authors: Leachman Jacob W , Wilhelmsen Øivind , Matveev Konstantin I 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The primary challenge for cryogenic hydrogen technologies is the need for more efficient cooling and liquefaction cycles. This chapter begins with the fundamentals of refrigeration cycles, and how the efficiency is connected directly to thermophysical properties, particularly the exergy and associated exergy destruction of the hydrogen during cooling. The most common recuperator cycles for hydrogen liquefaction are discussed and exergy analysis reveals the causes of the major losses of energy efficiency. Next, regenerative and novel refrigeration cycles for hydrogen liquefaction are presented.
Elements of transfer
Authors: Leachman Jacob W , Wilhelmsen Øivind , Matveev Konstantin I 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Transferring liquid hydrogen in a manner that allows little to no boil-off losses is a primary challenge affecting the safety and widespread adoption of the fuel. This chapter begins building a foundation for this challenging topic via three difficult and essential elements of this process: hydrogen heat exchanger optimization, two-phase heat-transfer and pressure-drop correlations, and spontaneous thermoacoustic oscillations that increase heat leakage into cryogenic tanks. By the end of this chapter, a reader should be familiar with the techniques involved in basic single-phase heat-exchanger optimization, able to utilize two-phase heat-transfer and pressure-drop correlations for hydrogen flow, and know when thermoacoustic instabilities could become significant.
2473 Improving inpatient frailty identification and its impact on advance care planning
Authors: Usman T , Coffey J , Benafif A , Stapleton L 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Clinical frailty scale (CFS) is used to generate a score ranging from 1 (very fit) to 9 (terminally ill) for people aged ≥65 years. A CFS of ≥7 correlates with a one-year mortality rate of ~50%, making it useful for identifying individuals potentially approaching last year of life. NICE recommend this patient group are offered Advance care planning (ACP). ACP is paramount to ensuring individuals receive high-quality, personalised end of life care. We aimed to investigate CFS documentation and frequency of ACP discussions following educational interventions.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of all inpatients admitted to an Elderly Medicine department on a given day. Data for demographics, documented CFS score, and ACP discussions was collected. CFS scores were recalculated to assess accuracy. Following formal education sessions on CFS documentation and ACP delivered to the MDT, data was recollected. Subsequently, CFS scores were recorded within electronic ‘flowsheets’ to ensure scores could automatically populate future clinical notes and be extracted for research purposes.

Results
The initial sample included 61 patients with 52 in the repeat sample. 36% of patients had CFS recorded in the initial sample compared to 77% in the repeat. In the initial sample, there was an 18.1% difference in documented and recalculated CFS for patients with a CFS ≥ 7 compared to 7.7% in the repeat, showing improved identification of advanced frailty. In the initial cohort, 18% had pre-existing ACP and 16.4% had inpatient ACP discussions, compared to 21.2% in the repeat with pre-existing ACP and 15.4% having inpatient ACP discussions; demonstrating minimal difference.

Conclusions
CFS documentation improved highlighting effectiveness of education involving the whole MDT to better identify frailty within the inpatient setting. Despite this, ACP discussion rates remained low. Potential barriers include time–pressure and lack of confidence approaching ACP demonstrating a need for further awareness and training.
2645 Delivering safe admission avoidance via comprehensive geriatric assessment under an emergency department frailty service
Authors: Galbraith M , Irvine L , Stevenson J , Barugh A , Reynish E , Armstrong C , Armstrong A , Clancy U 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Older people account for &gt;40% of acute hospital admissions. Delivering alternatives to hospital admission and community-integrated care closer to home are increasing priorities. We aimed to develop an Emergency Department (ED) Frailty MDT to provide rapid assessment, early Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA), and reduce inpatient admission rates for frail older people.

Methods
From November 2023 to April 2024, a newly formed Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh ED Frailty team delivered CGA for older adults aged ≥75 (≥65 if care home resident) with Clinical Frailty Scores ≥5 in the ED. The ED Frailty Team consists of an Emergency Medicine Consultant with an interest in Frailty, a Consultant Geriatrician, two Frailty Advanced Nurse Practitioners, an Occupational Therapy Advanced Practitioner, Occupational Therapists and a HomeFirst Social worker. We prioritised patients who were most likely to achieve same-day discharge. We built on strong integrated community pathways including Hospital @ Home, Rapid Access Day Hospital, and Discharge2Assess. We evaluated efficacy and safety using readmission and mortality rates.

Results
We reviewed 344 patients and discharged 209/344 (60.7%) of frail older patients who were awaiting medical beds. We discharged 114/209 (54.5%) with Hospital @ Home; 49/209 (23.4%) with rapid access Day Hospital; 21/209 (10%) home with GP follow-up; 18/209 (8.6%) home with no follow-up; 5/209 (2.3%) home with other community follow-up; and 2/209 (1%) home with ambulatory care. Discharged patients had a 19.4% 30-day representation rate and a 5.8% 30-day mortality rate. Admissions from ED among Edinburgh city residents reduced from 60% to 43% in 75–85 year olds and from 52% to 46% in the 85+ age group.

Conclusion
ED Frailty MDTs can effectively deliver CGA in an Emergency Department setting, facilitating admission avoidance and delivery of integrated care closer to home that is effective and safe.
2694 Improving the quality of discharge summaries in the geriatric wards
Authors: Roy A , Samaranayake HDNM , Kyi WW , Chand K , ElMustafa A , Sivagnanam T , Sheriff SP 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
A good discharge summary for a patient is an important clinical record that narrates and communicates clinical information about the patient’s entire hospitalisation. Discharge communications between healthcare facilities play a pivotal role in the coordination of patient care. As geriatric patients’ physical health is intricately woven into their social circumstances, mobility, and available care facilities, the mention of these parameters becomes quite important as it informs the community medical team of the patient’s condition more comprehensively. Crafting a good summary is challenging and we noted insufficient documentation of geriatric domains.

Methods
A discharge summary QIP was run in the geriatric wards at the Royal Gwent Hospital for 5 cycles. In these 5 cycles, we introduced a poster, electronic MDT, teaching sessions, and discharge summary checklist respectively as our chosen intervention. We collected data prospectively and calculated the percentages of presenting complaints, diagnosis, comorbidities, history, examination findings, investigations, management, mobility, care needs, discharge destination, cognition, resuscitation and escalation plan, whether were documented or not in the summaries.

Results
A total of 20–30 patients’ discharges were included in each cycle. Overall, there was good documentation in general medical domains (95–100%). A remarkable rise in the documentation of care needs (65%), mobility (80%), and discharge destination (50%) among other parameters was noted. However, there is a comparatively small improvement in cognition, resuscitation and escalation plans as some of them do not apply to all patients. The improvement is progressing as the physicians are now frequently referring to the checklist for writing the summaries.

Conclusion
These interventional measures showed the quality of discharge summaries has improved dramatically. Hence, we uploaded the discharge checklist to our health board intranet and included it in the induction booklet. We hope to include it in our yearly induction sessions to maintain the level of improvement.