bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
مصادر قاعدة الترجيح بين التنزيل والتأويل والتبديل
Authors: Serrar Salim 
Published: September 2023

Sources of The Normative Legal Maxim of Preferring between Application, Interpretation and Alteration
This paper highlights the great importance associated to the normative legal maxim of preferring which comprise fundamentals of varying degrees in terms of influence. Some of which serve for the knowledge of certainty, some others assist the knowledge of reasoning in order to disambiguate the disagreement around controversial issues. This fact justifies the compulsory need to appeal to these foundational maxims to preserve the Islamic Sharia from interpretation and interpolation. The research revolves around the circle of jurisprudential controversies between the Sunni sects that are in agreement on the unity of the source in terms of ruling but through time and because of the prevalence of imitation bequeathed an imbalance in the facts, this necessitated to research the maxim of preferring, and to clarify its ruling and types and what has to do with its core. By extrapolating the history of legislation and examining the reality, it became clear that many of those engaged in jurisprudence began to meditate on the basis of approximate rules, which are not correct in the same matter, despite the disparity between them. The rule of preferring is of varying degrees in the strength and the benefit, some of them benefit from certain knowledge or close to that, and some of them benefit from theoretical inferential science, its purpose is to clarify the truth. So, the rule of preferring was a duty, in order to preserve the law of interpretation from distortion. After raising the different issues relevant to this topic, the researcher concluded that it is necessary to describe the rule of preferring in legitimacy and that this depends on its connection with the its applicability or interpreted sources, in addition to the obligation to conduct the scientific method of preferring that includes the revealed preferring and the interpreted preferring rather than the altered preferring. Just as the more correct one in the madhab does not have to be preponderant in the same matter, since the Shariah is broader than the madhhab in its texts, principles and purposes.
Compte-Rendu de Lecture
Authors: Bendjelid Faouzi 
Published: September 2023

Book Review
Stories told by the diaspora are said to reflect the real facet of truth as being lived and experienced by real individuals. Moreover, leaving one’s family shelter to realise their dreams elsewhere is not a fee free transaction. It is believed that human beings, without consideration of their nationalities, go through the same emotional suffering after abandoning their beloved ones, their cherished customs, and their adored habits. This analytical article has as an intention the discussion of the re-insertion process after having passed their life in a foreign land with all the challenges and novel forms of sufferings one has to endure again. Waid is the protagonist of the novel, an estranged character that seems to get lost between two cultural extremes, had left his village earlier to get installed in Canada. The latter is a symbol of dream land that most youngsters consider as dream land. After getting back to his village, waid finds it hard to get re-inserted in his community, though cheerful he seems joining again his beloved ones. The second part of the novel discusses the deteriorated status of what was once considered an ideal view of his country. Namely, the drift in which all aspects of life seem to sink is the main theme of the continuation of the second book. The paper discusses those issues with reference to the socio-cultural data of the protagonist’s native community.
Der Einsatz von Kunstdisziplinen "Theater, Musik und Lieder" im DaF-Unterricht
Authors: El Zein Jihane 
Published: September 2023

The Use of Art Disciplines "Theatre, Music and Songs" in Deutsch lessons
Speaking is considered to be the main element in foreign language teaching. One of the most important methods and techniques of teaching based on drama and theater, So, the integration of theater in Deutsch class practices allows the student to learn about culture and acquire language properly. The theater techniques used in classroom activities reveal the listening and reading and facilitate their acquisition naturally. The success of such an approach is determined by progression and the passage from the easiest to the most difficult task. Thus, only if the dialogues are not too difficult and demanding linguistically, learners can understand them fairly easily. Some scenes and sequences should choose carefully by the teacher to respond to the students’ needs and styles of learners. This type of learning is based on leisure and the courses of Deutsch should fulfill this target. In this article, I address the importance of integrating arts, including theater, music and songs into foreign language lessons and their effectiveness, with a particular emphasis on Deutsch courses.
اللغة عند مصطفى ناصف: دراسة وتقييم
Authors: Kaddour Ibrahim Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

The Language of Mustafa Nasif: Study and Evaluation
Language represents a decisive index of great interest in Mustafa Nasif‘ s writings. In his critical approach he devotes several chapters to give an in-depth view about language and related issues. The author deems that life with all its forms ranging from political to sociocultural intervenes in having great impacts on ways of using language by its people and ways language use is seen by non-native speakers. According to him, the sociocultural encounters may, through time, generate new forms of language as well as novel expressions. Namely, through quotidian use of language, the latter can either possess more simplified forms or rather more complicated structures that in themselves can cause further implications of comprehension hardships. Out of realizing the primal intentions of the author, the current paper intends to delve into the realm of analyzing the discourse of Nasif in his writings and through which spread the sphere of study related to literature and linguistic aspirations. The work will allot space to debate the aesthetic language design in the works of the author and its influence on the message encoded in the linguistic forms. A special attention will be shed throughout the article to differing views about language in the literary discourse as seen by ancient and contemporary authors on equal footing.
ترجمة الشعر ودوره في ميلاد الأجناس الأدبية علاقة السونيتات بالموشحات الأندلسية والأزجال أنموذجا
Authors: Ben Abdenour Ahmed , قلو ياسمين 
Published: September 2023

Translation of Poetry and its Role in the Creation of New Genres: the relationship between the “Sonnets” and “Muwashah”
Poetry has its very linguistic and formative manifestations, given the special meanings, as well as the aesthetics of the language, of form and rhythm: in order to convey a special message, full of consistency and coherence .Poetry is a very old artistic expression, it could preserve the cultural and social heritage even in societies that have never known any form of writing and reading. In fact, poetry is prior to both of them. Poetry is high-ranking among Arabs who considered it as the finest literary form; the word itself is derived from « shu’our » "sense", and the poet has always had a privileged status among his people. The English poetry witnessed such a formative and linguistic development as a literary genre that other world literatures even adopted those new forms. The English poets, have always influenced the literary field, but the Arabs were also influential in return. In this article, we will study two forms of poetry: the first one is English, called « sonnets » and the second one is the Arabic « muwashah » and their relationship, within the movement of the literary world characterized by both vulnerability and influence. This special subject refers to what is more general, namely, a comparison between the Arabic and English poetry in order to explore the potential difficulties of the translation of poetry .
Repräsentationen von Gewalt und Gegengewalt im Werk Christoph Heins: eine diskursive Analyse
Authors: Aberkane Ali 
Published: September 2023

Representations of Violence and Counter-Violence in Christoph Hein’s Work: A Discourse Analysis
Violence is generally defined as a daily phenomenon of human reality, which nowadays comes in different forms, involving verbal abuse, and which concerns all cultures and social classes. Violence is also a constitutive dimension in the work of the German author Christoph Hein. Regarding its universal importance and its presence in various discourses (literary and non-literary ones), but also its discursive and counter-discursive forms, the present article aims to de- and/or reconstruct different types of violence discourses, articulated and represented in the author's fictional texts. The prose of the author Christoph Hein is the main corpus of the present article. The representativeness of violence in fiction undeniably stems from a transcultural reflection, which does not only take into account the real and primary forms of violence (especially patriarchal), but also its sometimes invisible or even non-verbal mechanisms.
خارطة العمليات العقلية الخاصة بالترجمة الفورية
Authors: Chaal Houaria 
Published: September 2023

The Mental Process in Simultaneous Interpreting
Simultaneous interpreting is one of the most difficult tasks. It requires great intellectual and psychological efforts. It also necessitates important skills, and a long translation experience, depending on good linguistic and extralinguistic competencies. Moreover, it is an intellectual and creative activity against nature as it combines both listening and speaking, requiring a mental process in order to establish a communication. This translating kind is the focal point of communication whenever nationalities differ and languages vary. Simultaneous interpreting, especially conference interpreting, is a complex process which is based on listening, understanding, analyzing and memorizing to convey the message in a few seconds, following integrated and continuous stages. Listening comes on the head of these phases, and it is the main link within the interpreting process. However, its concept overlaps with hearing and receiving. Accordingly, listening based on good hearing and intensive attention is considered the basis for ensuring a successful transfer. Therefore, good performance requires good listening.
Les contingences liées au recueil de données multimodales en entreprise
Authors: Ait Yala Camila 
Published: September 2023

Contingencies related to the collection of multimodal data in a company
Nowadays, multi-modality is a necessary dimension for exploitation and analysis of speech-in- interaction since it enriches the classical linguistic descriptions exclusively based on the verbal. However, the constitution of visual and corporal resources by the use of the video remains complex and raises many difficulties in particular those related to the consent of the resource persons to be filmed. This is a classic problem of linguistics but it is rarely discussed in detail. In a resolutely ethico-methodological approach, and based on a field experience conducted in a company, we aim to shed light on this phenomenon which, as we will show, is significantly subject to constraints specifically related to context of the company as well as cultural considerations, particularly those related to the gender issue.
Accompagner les élèves avec autisme dans des espaces coéducatifs avec un outil numérique de planification
Authors: Mercier Cendrine 
Published: September 2023

Accompanying students with autism in co-educational spaces with a digital planning tool
Les jeunes apprenants avec autisme rencontrent certaines difficultés pour se repérer dans le temps et dans l’espace. Pour les accompagner, nous avons proposé à des acteurs de l’éducation (professionnels et parents) un outil numérique de planification. Notre travail de recherche vise à mettre en lumière les intérêts d’utilisation d'un agenda numérique auprès des jeunes avec TSA, mais également ce que cet accompagnement a favorisé en termes de coéducation, et de développement d’espaces coéducatifs. Notre recherche a été menée auprès de cinq enfants avec autisme accueillis dans une structure spécialisée avec, pour certains d’entre eux, un accompagnement scolaire en milieu ordinaire. Au travers des retours d’expériences des professionnels et des parents, nous pouvons affirmer, pour les participants à notre étude, que l’outil numérique de planification traverse les frontières et permet une prise en charge continue répondant aux besoins éducatifs particuliers des jeunes enfants avec TSA dans les différents lieux de vie permettant ainsi le développement d’espaces coéducatifs.a
Transfert stylistique des registres langagiers dans la traduction audiovisuelle vers le français des deux films égyptiens Femmes du Caire et Les Femmes du Bus 678
Authors: SAMIR FEKRY Christina 
Published: September 2023

Stylistic Transfer of Language Registers in the Audiovisual Translation into French of the Two Egyptian Films Femmes du Caire and Les Femmes du Bus 678
Pre-recorded interlinguistic subtitles are texts added in the lower part of the image to translate simultaneously the scene seen and heard. Subtitling is a delicate operation in which one must find the balance between the oral context presented on the screen and the written translation that scrolls at a pace that the viewer cannot control. During the stylistic transfer of the film dialogue, subtitles are perceived not as syntaxico-semantic units read in isolation, but as an inseparable component of the audiovisual multimodal text. The present study aims to provide answers to the following questions: what TAV strategies did the subtitler adopt to translate the dramatic cinematographic narration of the two films studied? And how does this affect the interpretation of a particular sequence by the second recipient, namely the French- speaking audience? What impact could a translational choice have on audiovisual adaptation in the target language-culture? We identified in “Femmes du Caire” and “Les Femmes du Bus 678”, two language registers, namely the common speech and the colloquial register whose use we examined in different scenes considering the linguistic classification of the language levels in French and in Arabic, and taking into account the cultural and the situational frameworks, the context of production and reception and the relationship between the interlocutors. Considering the spatio-temporal constraints of this mode of AVT requiring from the translator-adapter a hierarchy of the information contained in the speech in the light of a possible condensation, reformulation, economy, even omission, if necessary, we also based our analysis on the theory of meaning and the theory of dynamic equivalence essential for the interpretation of the source language and the production of an intelligible target subtitles stylistically appropriate to the language level used.
Autonomes Lernen des Deutschen unter Berücksichtigung saudischer kultureller Konzepte
Authors: Bin Saran Abdullah 
Published: September 2023

Autonomous learning of cultural concepts from Deutsch to Saudi Arabic
The motivation for the present article is my own experience in relation to autonomous German learning at the King Saud University in Riyadh. Treating this method scientifically and showing its central role in the language learning process in theory and practice were the reason to deal with this learning concept. Since autonomous learning in foreign language lessons is a multifaceted topic in language acquisition research, it is dealt with in this thesis taking into account Saudi cultural concepts. The contribution consists of two parts: The first part deals with the concept of “autonomous learning” and its fundamental aspects. The role of autonomy in foreign language teaching is discussed in detail, and the term “autonomous learning” is presented on the basis of the work of some authors. For this purpose, similar terms are defined that are directly related to the topic being dealt with. Then learning theories on which learning autonomy is based are discussed. Finally, the concept of “autonomy” for intercultural learning is described, and finally, autonomy and culture are brought into the discussion. The aim of this part is to present the idea of autonomy in foreign language teaching as a relevant learning method, to clarify its role within the learning theories and to discuss in detail its function and appropriateness in relation to the learning situation, namely the culture in which autonomous learning takes place. The second part of the article deals with the possibility of autonomous German learning in Saudi Arabia. After describing the importance of the German language in Saudi Arabia, three influential factors in foreign language teaching are named: the role of teacher, motivation and textbooks. These three key factors never work in isolation, they only work in context. The motivational factor and the textbooks are not functional without the teacher. Therefore, the role of the teacher as a preparatory and supportive center of learner autonomy is presented and treated. The debate about autonomous learning, its learning theories, its adaptability to the culture, its appropriateness in the Saudi learning context and finally the autonomy-promoting factors deal with the possibility of autonomous learning of German outside of class. Therefore, in conclusion, a practice-oriented learner autonomy in learning the German language is presented, which is based on my own learning methods and experiences. Since learning a language is based on the mastery of four skills, I try to substantiate each individual skill with examples. It shows how the learners at institutional learning locations, namely universities, can learn the German language independently outside of the classroom despite various inhibitions and learning blocks, although the idea of autonomy does not contradict the main features of Saudi culture.
Jacques Derrida et Souleymane Bachir Diagne La Traduction comme trahison
Authors: Ondoua Hervé Toussaint 
Published: September 2023

Jacques Derrida and Souleymane Bachir Diagne : Translation as Betrayal
Traditional Western thought finds its rise from logocentrism. The latter establishes a link of identity between the word and the thing. The resulting translation is a reflection of accuracy. It is this approach that Derrida deconstructs. The deconstructive scheme requires that there is no addressee and therefore “must be translated”. As a consequence, the translator will never exhaust a work. There will always be emptiness and lack. The translation is always unfaithful. It is neither a neutral reception nor a simple reproduction of a text. Nor is it the original restitution of meaning. To translate a work is to mourn its originality. For Derrida, translation is “an operation intended to ensure its survival as a work”. This survival of the work “lives more and better, above its author”. It is this survival that makes the translator a traitor because the meaning crumbles in the semantic transfer. Obviously, meaning is never transmitted in the same way. He still suffers betrayal. The latter makes translation an event. The event is erased, because it only happens by repeating itself and altering itself. This approach is the foundation of Souleymane Bachir Diagne’s thinking. For him, translation is celebrating plurality; it is “in a way imagining a happy Babel”. By drawing on African anthropology, by analyzing orality and the implications of its transcription, Souleymane Bachir Diagne believes that the fidelity of the translation comes from its betrayal. We cannot have a pure translation. This logic breaks completely with nationalism. The translation “contributes to the task of realizing humanity, and even better: it identifies with it”. Against the “clash of civilizations”, translation as betrayal establishes a “dialogue of cultures”. The Senegalese thinker thus thinks that it is thanks to translation that one can “say in one’s own language, the culture of the other”. Translation is “the ability to take all languages together and think about what their coexistence might mean”. This is where the Monolingualism of other by Jacques Derrida takes on its importance. This work is part of a deconstruction of language as a property and no doubt as a natural home. “I only have one language and this is not mine, my own language is a language that cannot be assimilated to me. My language, the only one I can hear myself speaking, is the language of the other”. Therefore, no pure language. This one suffers the effect of contamination. Therefore, for Bachir Diagne, the act of translating “finds two languages, two cultures’’. To translate is therefore to betray the origin and linguistic purity.
La traducción al español de las pasivas y adverbios franceses en «Un chant écarlate» de Mariama Bâ: LTAEDLPYAFEUCEDMB
Authors: Ngom Moussa 
Published: September 2023

The Spanish Translation of French Passives and Adverbs in «Un chant écarlate» by Mariama Bâ: LTAEDLPYAFEUCEDMB
This article offers a translation into Spanish of a series of passages taken from «Un Chant écarlate» (1981), the second and last novel by the Senegalese writer Mariama Bâ and unpublished until now in Spain. This narrative, it is worth mentioning, relates not only the intercultural conflicts that can arise between Africans and Europeans, but also the harm caused by polygamy and the suffering of African women, often reduced to slaves by their husbands or mothers-in-law. It consists of three parts, which are further subdivided into untitled chapters. Although she did not use the epistolary structure, the author incorporates into this long narrative of 377 pages some letters which, although they do not have the same status as in « Une Si longue lettre » (1979), play a very important role in the way she structures certain parts of the novel, which sometimes adopts a lyrical register and sometimes a pathetic register to highlight the dilemma in which each of the characters finds herself. The use of letters inserted into the narrative thread also allows the author to distance herself from subjective expression while at the same time lending a certain realism to the action. This essay also analyses the passives and adverbs of the original text and reflects on the possible solutions to these translation problems. Prior to the analysis of these morphosyntactic elements, a brief survey of Senegalese literature, dominated mainly by the indefatigable defender of Negritude, Leopold Sedar Senghor, will be made. Within this, feminist literature, which began in the 1980s, is included. In this sense, the writing of the woman who was the spokesperson for African women in general, and Senegalese women in particular, will be examined. A member of several feminist associations, including the "Optimistic Sisters", which she herself created, Mariama Bâ was known and recognised worldwide for her first novel «Une si longue lettre» (1979), which won the Noma award in Frankfurt in November 1980.