bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electron moments derived from the Mercury Electron Analyzer during the cruise phase of BepiColombo
Authors: Rojo M. , Persson M. , Sauvaud J.-A. , Aizawa S. , Nicolaou G. , Penou E. , Barthe A. , André N. , Mazelle C. , Fedorov A. , Yokota S. , Saito Y. , Heyner D. , Richter I. , Auster U. , Schmid D. , Fischer D. , Horbury T. , Owen C. J. , Maksimovic M. , Khotyaintsev Y. , Louarn P. , Murakami G. 
Published: December 2023

Aims. We derive electron density and temperature from observations obtained by the Mercury Electron Analyzer on board Mio during the cruise phase of BepiColombo while the spacecraft is in a stacked configuration.
Methods. In order to remove the secondary electron emission contribution, we first fit the core electron population of the solar wind with a Maxwellian distribution. We then subtract the resulting distribution from the complete electron spectrum, and suppress the residual count rates observed at low energies. Hence, our corrected count rates consist of the sum of the fitted Maxwellian core electron population with a contribution at higher energies. We finally estimate the electron density and temperature from the corrected count rates using a classical integration method. We illustrate the results of our derivation for two case studies, including the second Venus flyby of BepiColombo when the Solar Orbiter spacecraft was located nearby, and for a statistical study using observations obtained to date for distances to the Sun ranging from 0.3 to 0.9 AU.
Results. When compared either to measurements of Solar Orbiter or to measurements obtained by HELIOS and Parker Solar Probe, our method leads to a good estimation of the electron density and temperature. Hence, despite the strong limitations arising from the stacked configuration of BepiColombo during its cruise phase, we illustrate how we can retrieve reasonable estimates for the electron density and temperature for timescales from days down to several seconds.
Association between Serum Follistatin-Like Protein 1 Levels and
Disease Activity in Behçet’s Disease
Authors: Demir Mesut , Batmaz Ibrahim , Sarıyıldız Mustafa Akif , Ekinci Aysun , Akar Zeynel Abidin , Batmaz Oznur , Karakoç Mehmet 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction This study sought to determine the serum levels of
follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL-1), a glycoprotein of mesenchymal origin shown
to be involved in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases, for example
Behçet’s disease (BD), and to investigate its association with
disease activity.
Material and Methods The study included 45 patients followed for newly
diagnosed Behçet’s disease who met the 1990 International Study
Group criteria for BD and a control group of 36 healthy volunteers who were age-
and gender-matched. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the patients
and control groups. Serum FSTL-1 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay. The disease activity was assessed using the
Behçet’s Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF).
Results A comparison of serum FSTL-1 levels in the patient and control
groups found significantly higher levels of FSTL-1 in the patient group. Serum
FSTL-1 levels were significantly higher in female patients compared with male
patients. Female patients exhibited significantly higher BDCAF scores compared
with male patients (p=0.008). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum
FSTL-1 levels were positively correlated.
Conclusion Serum FSTL-1 levels may play a role in the aetiopathogenesis of
BD and can also be a useful biomarker for determining disease activity.
Herzschrittmacher, Organ oder Gehstock? Vorher-Nachher-Befragung zur
subjektiven Wahrnehmung eines Gerätes zur Tiefen
Hirnstimulation
Authors: Krug Henriette , Scharf Anna , Weber Karsten , Kühn Andrea A. , Krause Patricia , Haug Sonja 
Published: December 2023

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Es wird eine Studie im Prä-Post-Design mit einer
Befragung von Patient*innen vorgestellt, bei denen zur Therapie einer
neurologischen Bewegungsstörung die Indikation für eine Tiefe
Hirnstimulation (THS) gegeben war. Die Patient*innen wurden vor und nach
der THS-Operation zu ihren präoperativen Assoziationen bzw.
postoperativen Wahrnehmungen im Umgang mit einem Hirnschrittmacher befragt. Ziel
der Untersuchung ist, die bisherige Praxis der ärztlichen
Aufklärung vor einer THS-Intervention um Angaben zur subjektiven
Erlebnisqualität dieser Intervention ergänzen zu
können.
Methodik Es wurde eine Längsschnittstudie mit
Patient*innen (n=132) durchgeführt, in der die
Teilnehmenden zweizeitig schriftlich zu Imaginationen zu ihrer subjektiven
Erlebnisqualität von THS befragt wurden. Die Untersuchungen erfolgten
beim präoperativen Screening (Prä-OP) sowie beim
Ein-Jahres-Follow-Up (Post-OP).
Ergebnisse Präoperativ gab die Mehrheit der Befragten die
Assoziation Herzschrittmacher an. Postoperativ wählten nur weniger als
ein Drittel diese Option, gleich häufig wie die Assoziationen Gehstock
oder Brille.
Schlussfolgerung Die Erlebnisqualität von THS im eigenen
Körper scheint sich mittels individuell verschiedener Assoziationen
vergleichen zu lassen, wobei postoperativ der Vergleich mit nicht invasiven
Hilfsmitteln überwiegt. Im Aufklärungsgespräch kann die
Thematisierung dieser Beschreibungen bei den Patient*innen zu einem
realitätsnahen Erwartungshorizont vor THS beitragen.
Postoperative Bracing after Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Schaver Andrew L. , Tranovich Meaghan A. , O'Reilly Olivia C. , Bollier Matthew J. , Duchman Kyle R. , Wolf Brian R. , Westermann Robert W. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIt is unclear if bracing is necessary after isolated medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLr) for recurrent patellar instability. We hypothesize that patients who did not use a brace will have similar outcomes to those who were braced postoperatively. A retrospective review of patients who underwent isolated MPFLr from January 2015 to September 2020 at a single institution was performed. Those with less than 6 weeks of follow-up were excluded. The braced group was provided a hinged-knee brace postoperatively until the return of quadriceps function, which was determined by the treating physical therapist (brace, “B”; no brace, “NB”). Time to straight leg raise (SLR) without lag, recurrent instability, and total re-operations were determined. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to evaluate outcomes (statistical significance, p < 0.05). Overall, 229 isolated MPFLr were included (B: 165 knees, 146 patients; NB: 64 knees, 58 patients). Baseline demographics were similar (all p > 0.05). Median time to SLR without lag was shorter in the NB group (41 days [interquartile range [IQR]: 20–47] vs. 44 days [IQR: 35.5–88.3], p = 0.01), while return to sport times were equivalent (B: 155 days [IQR: 127.3–193.8] vs. NB: 145 days [IQR: 124–162], p = 0.31). Recurrent instability rates were not significantly different (B: 12 knees [7.27%] vs. NB: 1 knee [1.56%], p = 0.09), but the re-operation rate was higher in the brace group (20 knees [12.1%] vs. 0 [0%], p = 0.001). Regression analysis identified brace use (odds ratio [OR]: 19.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.43–269.40, p = 0.026) and female patients (OR: 2.79, 95% CI: 1.01–7.34, p = 0.049) to be associated with needing reoperation. Recurrent instability rates and return to sport times were similar between patients who did or did not use a hinged knee brace after isolated MPFLr. Re-operation rates were higher in the braced group. Retrospective Comparative Study, Level III
Synthesis of New 5- or 7-Substituted 3-Nitroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine Derivatives Using SNAr and Palladium-Catalyzed Reactions To Explore Antiparasitic Structure–Activity Relationships
Authors: Primas Nicolas , Vanelle Patrice , Paoli-Lombardo Romain , Bourgeade-Delmas Sandra , Sournia-Saquet Alix , Castera-Ducros Caroline , Jacquet Inès , Verhaeghe Pierre , Rathelot Pascal 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo study the antikinetoplastid structure–activity relationships in a 3-nitroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine series, we explored the substitution of positions 5 and 7 of the scaffold, developing nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions and palladium-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura, Sonogashira, and Buchwald–Hartwig cross-coupling reactions that had never been reported at these positions in this series. In four steps from 2-amino(bromo)pyridines, 33 original compounds were obtained, allowing a better definition of the antiparasitic pharmacophore.
The Sleep Parameters of Olympic Athletes: Characteristics and
Assessment Instruments
Authors: de Mello Marco Túlio , Stieler Eduardo , Grade Isadora , Filho André Fernandes Chaves , Mendes Gabriel , Ituassu Natália , Silva Andressa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis systematic review aims to identify the sleep parameters of Olympic athletes
and the instruments used to assess and monitor the sleep of these athletes. The
search was conducted until February 2023 and was performed in PubMed, Web of
Science, and Scopus databases. This systematic review has included studies that
investigated at least one of the following sleep parameters: total sleep time
(TST), sleep onset latency (SOL), sleep efficiency (SE), awakenings after sleep
onset (WASO), quality of sleep, daytime sleepiness, and chronotype; the
participants were Olympic athletes. The search returned a total of 280 studies.
After screening based on exclusion and inclusion criteria, 11 studies were
included. The main results demonstrate that Olympic athletes have TST of
06:10 h, SE of 84%, SOL of 28 min, and WASO of 49 min. The most predominant
chronotype is indifferent; over half of the athletes have poor sleep quality and
complaints. Furthermore, actigraphy was the most used method to assess sleep. It
is concluded that Olympic athletes have TST, SE, and WASO poor than the
recommended values. In addition, sleep complaints and poor sleep quality were
also observed. Among the objective sleep assessment methods, actigraphy was the
method most frequently used in this population.
Only the Best of the Bunch—Sperm Preparation Is Not Just about Numbers
Authors: Gallagher Meurig T. , Krasauskaite Ingrida , Kirkman-Brown Jackson C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this Seminar, we present an overview of the current and emerging methods and technologies for optimizing the man and the sperm sample for fertility treatment. We argue that sperms are the secret to success, and that there are many avenues for improving both treatment and basic understanding of their role in outcomes. These outcomes encompass not just whether treatment is successful or not, but the wider intergenerational health of the offspring. We discuss outstanding challenges and opportunities of new technologies such as microfluidics and artificial intelligence, including potential pitfalls and advantages. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the importance of sperm in fertility treatment and suggests future directions for research and innovation.
Inefficiency in Delivery of General Surgery to Black Patients: A National Inpatient Sample Study
Authors: Bliton John N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background Racial disparities in outcomes among patients in the United States are widely recognized, but disparities in treatment are less commonly understood. This study is intended to identify treatment disparities in delivery of surgery and time to surgery for diagnoses managed by general surgeons—appendicitis, cholecystitis, gallstone pancreatitis, abdominal wall hernias, intestinal obstructions, and viscus perforations.
Methods The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was used to estimate and analyze disparities in delivery of surgery, type of surgery received, and timing of surgery. Age-adjusted means were compared by race/ethnicity and trends in treatment disparities were evaluated from 1993 to 2017. Linear modeling was used to measure trends in treatment and outcome disparities over time. Mediation analysis was performed to estimate contributions of all available factors to treatment differences. Relationships between treatment disparities and disparities in mortality and length of stay were similarly evaluated.
Results Black patients were less likely to receive surgery for appendicitis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, and hernias, and more likely to receive surgery for obstructions and perforations. Black patients experienced longer wait times prior to surgery, by 0.15 to 1.9 days, depending on the diagnosis. Mediation analysis demonstrated that these disparities are not attributable to the patient factors available in the NIS, and provided some insight into potential contributors to the observed disparities, such as hospital factors and socioeconomic factors.
Conclusion Treatment disparities are present even with common indications for surgery, such as appendicitis, cholecystitis, and gallstone pancreatitis. Black patients are less likely to receive surgery with these diagnoses and must wait longer for surgery if it is performed. Surgeons should plan institution-level interventions to measure, explain, and potentially correct treatment disparities.
The tension between English-medium instruction and Vietnamese-medium instruction in higher education
Authors: Tang Hoa K. , Nguyen Khanh H. , Luong Nguyen H. N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In Vietnam, English-medium instruction (EMI) has been implemented in parallel with Vietnamese-medium instruction
(VMI) in higher education, partly to help remedy its shortcomings. However, only economically advantaged students can access EMI,
which suggests EMI graduates may accrue discrepant advantages compared to VMI graduates. Research has, nonetheless, not explored the effects on these
stakeholders. Hence, to partially address the gap, this study explores EMI in information technology (IT). Using the theoretical concepts
of parity, distribution, and self-amplifying loop, this study draws on eight in-depth semi-structured interviews with EMI and VMI
graduates. Thematic analysis of the data reveals disparities in advantages ensuing from EMI and VMI including English skills and
Anglo-American acculturation, access to English-speaking jobs at different rates, and divergent professional opportunities. These
disparities are accounted for by the disciplinary paradigm of IT and the unevenly distributed resources between EMI and VMI and
are then enlarged by self-amplifying loops. In this process, EMI in IT constitutes a double accelerator and therefore enables EMI
graduates to gain the foregoing advantages by a larger margin and VMI graduates to do so but at a slower rate. The study
recommends addressing this widening gap through the formation and implementation of VMI- and EMI-related policies at all
levels.
Responses from Businesses in Rural Communities Recovering from the 2011 Tohoku Disasters during the 2020 Tokyo Olympics
Authors: Nguyen David N. , Cordoba Gabriel Fuentes 
Published: December 2023

Summary
The 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) significantly impacted the Tohoku Region in north-eastern Japan, leading to a large number of human casualties and environmental devastation. It exacerbated pre-existing economic and demographic decline. Tourism development was promoted as part of economic recovery and revitalization efforts. With Japan securing the winning bid for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, it was hoped that having some of the Olympic activities hosted in Tohoku would contribute to recovery efforts. This case study examines the perspectives of businesses in areas located near the Olympic venues in Tohoku, on what kind of effects the Olympics had on their operations.

Information
© The Authors 2023
Seven-shaped beam design for improving the sensitivity of two-dimensional MEMS sensors
Authors: Zhou Nanyan , Liu Wu , Cui Feng , Zhang Xinwei , Lv Leyang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The spring constant of the connecting beam is one of the most crucial factors that affect the detection sensitivity of MEMS sensors. Existing researches reduce the spring constant by changing the parameters or number of connecting beams. In this paper, we propose a seven-shaped beam structure to modify the spring constant of MEMS sensors. The acute angle between the two segments of seven-shaped structure lowers spring constant. Compared with the crab-leg beam, it can bring a maximum sensitivity gain of 1.29 times through different angle designs. At the same time, compared with those combined beams, seven-shaped combined beams can bring a maximum sensitivity gain of 1.6 times. The two-dimensional MEMS sensor with seven-shaped beam has been designed and fabricated. According to the experimental results, the sensor reached a detection sensitivity of 25 fF/g. The relative error of the differential capacitance change between the measurement result and the simulation result is only 8.6%.
Genuine Bell locality and its maximal violation in quantum networks
Authors: Hsu Li-Yi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In K-locality networks, local hidden variables emitted from classical sources are distributed among limited observers. We explore genuine Bell locality in classical networks, where, regarding all local hidden variables as classical objects that can be perfectly cloned and spread throughout the networks, any observer can access all local hidden variables plus shared randomness. In the proposed linear and nonlinear Bell-type inequalities, there are more correlators to reveal genuine Bell locality than those in the K-locality inequalities, and their upper bounds can be specified using the probability normalization of the predetermined probability distribution. On the other hand, the no-cloning theorem limits the broadcast of quantum correlations in quantum networks. To explore genuine Bell nonlocality, the stabilizing operators play an important role in designing the segmented Bell operators and assigning the incompatible measurements for the spatially separated observers. We prove the maximal violations of the proposed Bell-type inequalities tailored for the given qubit distributions in quantum networks.
Nested multibar cladding elements in negative curvature fibers for CO laser guidance
Authors: Khan Asfandyar , Ordu Mustafa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A numerical study on the multi-bar nested cladding design of chalcogenide glass-based negative curvature hollow-core fiber was carried out to achieve a low-loss light guidance in the mid-infrared spectrum centered at 5.4 μm. Fiber design parameters were systematically optimized, and the effect of the nested bars on the confinement and total loss performance of a five-tubular cladding structure was investigated. An ultra-low transmission loss of 0.112 dB km−1 at 5.4 μm was achieved with As2Se3 triple-bar negative curvature fiber while maintaining low bending sensitivity. The design is also suitable for high transmission performance with alternative infrared glasses and can be potentially used for low-loss light guidance in a wide mid-infrared spectrum.
The manufacture and magnetic field tuning of a merged four-row APPLE-Knot undulator at HEPS
Authors: Huang Y.S. , Li X.Y. , Li Y.H. , Lu H.H. , Yang Y.W. , Chen W. , Li Z.Q. , Zhao S.T. , Sun Y.J. , Zhang L. , Sun S.C. , Gong K.Y. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A merged four-row APPLE-Knot undulator has been manufactured
at the High Energy Photon Source(HEPS) and the magnetic field
tunning has been completed. Inclined magnetization magnetic blocks
are used in this undulator in large scale, new skills are used in
magnetic blocks' manufacturing and assembling. Magnet field tunning
is conducted by combination of various methods and resulted in a
satisfactory photon performance. The practical mechanical
deformation of aluminum girder has been measured and compared with
theoretical calculation, results indicate a significant discrepancy
between these two data, the reasons causing this discrepancy have
also been analyzed. The merged four-row APPLE-Knot undulator at HEPS
holds significant reference value for its uniqueness and
specificity.
Comment on ‘CO2 fertilization effect may balance climate change impacts on oil palm cultivation’
Authors: Monteith Paterson Robert Russell 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A paper modeling future CO2 fertilization of oil palm (OP) resulting in higher palm oil yields is a significant advance. However, climate and disease effects on OP are discussed herein inferring that CO2 fertilization will not occur significantly. It is important that logical assessments of future climate effects on the palm oil industry occur.
Hot or cold temperature disproportionately impacts U.S. energy burdens
Authors: Yu Ying , Kittner Noah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The lack of affordable, reliable, and resilient energy services remains a challenge for many U.S. households. Few studies have investigated how temperature makes already vulnerable Black, low-income, and less-educated households more likely to experience energy poverty. We construct a unique 8-year historical panel dataset to unpack the relationship between temperatures and energy burdens, paying specific attention to additional burdens among the most vulnerable groups. We find that hot and cold temperatures have further exacerbated the disproportionate impact on energy burdens across regions and multiple vulnerable groups. Extremely low-income groups are ∼6 times more adversely affected by temperatures than high-income groups. Temperatures also put other already marginalized groups, such as those less-educated/unemployed/living in energy-inefficient old houses, at higher risk of falling into an energy poverty trap. Considering temperatures are the dominant feature differentiating households in their ability to meet basic electricity needs, we recommend more equitable and inclusive electrification strategies and compensation mechanisms for affected communities to improve energy equity.
Technological methods for pavement block repairs in road bridges
Authors: Bogdanova Evgenia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Pavement block is a part of bridge a bridge superstructure. During the service life damage accumulates and there is need to repair. The aim of the article is to discuss the types of pavement blocks and to present the results of a study on the most common design solutions for realisation of the repair works. Factors influencing the choice of construction technology are systematized. Information about novelty formwork solutions and types of equipment for working at heights in Bulgaria is provided. A particular example of a bridge structure is presented and a conclusion is drawn regarding the preferred method of work in our country.
About effect of dynamic loading caused by concrete pump on bending moments, anchor forces and deformations in single level anchored retaining wall
Authors: Markov Iliyan , Radlov Kalin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper explore effect of dynamic loading caused by concrete pump on bending moments, anchor forces and deformations in single level anchored retaining wall. Dynamic loading is obtained by using a special developed dynamic mathematical model of truck-mounted concrete pump, by means of which are calculated the maximal dynamic loadings (acceleration and forces), which are transferred from concrete pump to the soil, and from there accordingly – from soil to the retaining wall under consideration. After that is performed a detailed finite element analysis of the retaining wall, by using software product Plaxis 3D, during which are analyzed the variation of bending moments, anchor forces and deformations in single level anchored retaining wall and after dynamic loading applying. There is also a numerical example considered, for which are calculated the maximal dynamic loadings, which are transferred from concrete pump to the soil, and from ground supports to the retaining wall. An amplification factor (dynamic factor) due to dynamic effects is calculated, by which is necessary to be multiplied the static loadings caused by concrete pump on soil. In the conclusion is made a qualitative assessment of the dynamic influence of concrete pump on the soil and the retaining wall section and ground anchor.