bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ideology, statecraft and the ‘double shuffle’ of Conservative planning reform in England
Authors: Shepherd Edward , Inch Andy , Sturzaker John , Marshall Tim 
Published: February 2024

This article explores the political implications of conflicts over new housebuilding for Conservative-led governments in England since 2010. Revisiting debates about the tensions between neoliberal and more collectivist traditions within the political ideology of the Conservative Party, we argue that rather than blocking change this internal conflict should be seen as a dynamic part of the politics of planning. This leads us to propose that Conservative planning reforms have been characterised by a distinctive ‘double shuffle’ through which the party has sought to progress neoliberalising reforms whilst managing these tensions and seeking to maintain their hold on power through statecraft.
This article was published open access under a CC BY licence: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/
PHANGS Hubble Space Telescope Treasury Survey: Globular Cluster Systems in 17 Nearby Spiral Galaxies
Authors: Floyd Matthew , Chandar Rupali , Whitmore Bradley C. , Thilker David A. , Lee Janice C. , Pauline Rachel E. , Thomas Zion L. , Berschback William J. , Henny Kiana F. , Dale Daniel A. , Klessen Ralf S. , Schinnerer Eva , Grasha Kathryn , Boquien Médéric , Larson Kirsten L. , Deger Sinan , Barnes Ashley T. , Leroy Adam K. , Rosolowsky Erik , Williams Thomas G. , Úbeda Leonardo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We present new catalogs of likely globular clusters (GCs) in 17 nearby spiral galaxies studied as part of the PHANGS Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Treasury Survey. The galaxies were imaged in five broadband filters from the near-ultraviolet through the I band. PHANGS-HST has produced catalogs of stellar clusters of all ages by selecting extended sources (from multiple concentration index measurements) followed by morphological classification (centrally concentrated and symmetric or asymmetric, multiple peaks, and contaminants) by visually examining the V-band images and separately by a machine-learning algorithm which classified larger samples to reach fainter limits. From both cluster catalogs, we select an initial list of candidate GCs which have B − V ≥ 0.5 and V − I ≥ 0.73 mag, then remove likely contaminants (including reddened young clusters, background galaxies misclassified by the neural network, and chance superpositions/blends of stars) after a careful visual inspection. We find that ≈86% of the color-selected candidates classified as spherically symmetric and 68% of those classified as centrally concentrated but asymmetric are likely to be GCs. The luminosity functions of the GC candidates in two of our 17 galaxies, NGC 628 and NGC 3627, are atypical, and continue to rise at least 1 mag fainter than the expected turnover near M

V
∼ −7.4. These faint candidate GCs have more extended spatial distributions than their bright counterparts, and may reside in the disk rather than the bulge/halo, similar to faint GCs previously discovered in M101. These faint clusters may be somewhat younger since the age–metallicity degeneracy makes it difficult to determine precise cluster ages from integrated colors once they reach ≈1 Gyr.
Shedding Light on the Ejection History of Molecular Outflows: Multiple Velocity Modes and Precession
Authors: Lora V. , Nony T. , Esquivel A. , Galván-Madrid R. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Variable accretion has been well studied in the evolved stages of low-mass star formation. However, the accretion history in the initial phases of star formation is still a seldom studied topic. The outflows and jets emerging from protostellar objects could shed some light on their accretion history. We consider the recently studied case of W43-MM1, a protocluster containing 46 outflows driven by 27 protostellar cores. The outflow kinematics of the individual cores and associated knots in W43-MM1 indicate episodic protostellar ejection. We take the observed parameters of an individual core system (core #8) and perform 3D hydrodynamic simulations of such a system, including episodic changes in the velocity of the outflow. The simulations consist of a collimated jet emerging from a core, taking into account one- and two-velocity modes in the variation of the ejection velocity of the jet. In addition, we investigated the effect of including the precession of the jet in the one- and two-velocity-mode models. From the simulations, we constructed position–velocity diagrams and compared them with the observations. We find that including a second mode in the ejection velocity, as well as the precession, are required to explain the positions of the outflow knots and other position–velocity features observed in core #8 in W43-MM1.
Most-likely DCF Estimates of Magnetic Field Strength
Authors: Myers Philip C. , Stephens Ian W. , Coudé Simon 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Davis–Chandrasekhar–Fermi (DCF) method is widely used to evaluate magnetic fields in star-forming regions. Yet it remains unclear how well DCF equations estimate the mean plane-of-the-sky field strength in a map region. To address this question, five DCF equations are applied to an idealized cloud map. Its polarization angles have a normal distribution with dispersion σ

θ
, and its density and velocity dispersion have negligible variation. Each DCF equation specifies a global field strength B
DCF and a distribution of local DCF estimates. The “most-likely” DCF field strength B
ml is the distribution mode, for which a correction factor β
ml ≡ B
ml/B
DCF is calculated analytically. For each equation, β
ml < 1, indicating that B
DCF is a biased estimator of B
ml. The values of β
ml are β
ml ≈ 0.7 when

B

DCF

∝

σ

θ

−
1

due to turbulent excitation of Alfvénic MHD waves, and β
ml ≈ 0.9 when

B

DCF

∝

σ

θ

−
1

/

2

due to non-Alfvénic MHD waves. These statistical correction factors β
ml have partial agreement with correction factors

β

sim

obtained from MHD simulations. The relative importance of the statistical correction is estimated by assuming that each simulation correction has both a statistical and a physical component. Then the standard, structure function, and original DCF equations appear most accurate because they require the least physical correction. Their relative physical correction factors are 0.1, 0.3, and 0.4 on a scale from 0 to 1. In contrast, the large-angle and parallel-δ
B equations have physical correction factors 0.6 and 0.7. These results may be useful in selecting DCF equations, within model limitations.
Life in a Random Universe: Sciama's Argument Reconsidered
Authors: Wang Zhi-Wei , Braunstein Samuel L. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Random sampling in high dimensions has successfully been applied to phenomena as diverse as nuclear resonances, neural networks, and black hole evaporation. Here we revisit an elegant argument by the British physicist Dennis Sciama, who demonstrated that were our Universe random, it would almost certainly have a negligible chance for life. Under plausible assumptions, we show that a random universe can masquerade as “intelligently designed,” with the fundamental constants instead appearing to be fined tuned to achieve the highest probability for life to occur. For our Universe, this mechanism may only require there to be around a dozen currently unknown fundamental constants. We speculate on broader applications for the mechanism we uncover.
SMA Detection of an Extreme Millimeter Flare from the Young Class III Star HD 283572
Authors: Lovell Joshua Bennett , Keating Garrett K. , Wilner David J. , Andrews Sean M. , MacGregor Meredith , Rahman Ramisa Akther , Rao Ramprasad , Williams Jonathan P. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We present evidence of variable 1.3 mm emission from the 1 to 3 Myr, spectral-type G2–G5 class III young stellar object (YSO), HD 283572. HD 283572 was observed on eight dates with the Submillimeter Array between 2021 December and 2023 May, with a total on-source time of 10.2 hr, probing a range of timescales down to 5.2 s. Averaging all data obtained on 2022 January 17 shows a 4.4 mJy (8.8σ) point source detection with a negative spectral index (α = −2.7 ± 1.2), with peak emission rising to 13.8 mJy in one 3 minute span, and 25 mJy in one 29.7 s integration (L

ν
= 4.7 × 1017 erg s−1 Hz−1). Combining our data for the other seven dates shows no detection, with an rms noise of 0.24 mJy beam−1. The stochastic millimeter enhancements on time frames of seconds–minutes–hours with negative spectral indices are most plausibly explained by synchrotron or gyrosynchrotron radiation from stellar activity. HD 283572's 1.3 mm lightcurve has similarities with variable binaries, suggesting HD 283572's activity may have been triggered by interactions with an as-yet undetected companion. We additionally identify variability of HD 283572 at 10 cm, from VLASS data. This study highlights the challenges of interpreting faint millimeter emission from evolved YSOs that may host tenuous disks, and suggests that a more detailed temporal analysis of spatially unresolved data is generally warranted. The variability of class III stars may open up new ground for understanding the physics of flares in the context of terrestrial planet formation.
Riparian invader: A secondary metabolite of Impatiens glandulifera impairs the development of the freshwater invertebrate key species Chironomus riparius
Authors: Hüftlein Frederic , Diller Jens G. P. , Feldhaar Heike , Laforsch Christian 
Published: February 2024

Invasive species represent a significant threat to native biodiversity. The Himalayan Balsam Impatiens glandulifera is an annual plant, which is invasive in Europe and often inhabits the riparian zone. It produces several secondary metabolites causing for example growth inhibition of terrestrial plants and invertebrates. One of these metabolites is the quinone 2-methoxy-1,4- naphthoquinone (2-MNQ). The compound gets washed out from the above-ground parts of the plant during precipitation, and may then leach into nearby water bodies. Despite some evidence for the allelopathic effect of plant secondary metabolites on terrestrial invertebrates, little is known about how 2-MNQ affects the survival or development of aquatic dipteran larvae, despite the importance of this functional group in European freshwaters. Here we investigated the effects of 2-MNQ on larvae of the river keystone species Chironomus riparius in acute and chronic scenarios. The toxicity of 2-MNQ towards the first and the fourth larval stage was determined in a 48 hours acute exposure assay. We show that 2-MNQ has a negative impact on development, growth, and survival of Chironomus riparius The LC50 of 2-MNQ was 3.19 mg/l for the first instar and 2.09 mg/l for the fourth instar.
A ten-day chronic exposure experiment, where the water was spiked with 2-MNQ, revealed that 2-MNQ had a significantly negative impact on larval body size, head capsule size, body weight, development and survival. These results demonstrate the negative impact of the secondary metabolite 2-MNQ from the terrestrial plant I. glandulifera on a crucial macroinvertebrate inhabiting the adjacent stream ecosystem in riverine ecosystems. This may lead to a decline in population size, resulting in cascading effects on the food web.
Toward A Fuller Definition for the Science of Nursing Education Through Hermeneutical Analysis
Authors: Dzurec Laura C. 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Authors writing about the science of nursing education have tended to focus extensionally, describing and analyzing the significance and benefits of nurse educators' unique, individual teaching endeavors, rather than clarifying their perceptions of the intensional core essence of the science itself. As a result, communal thinking about the science of nursing education and its implications for student learning are constrained. Methods: Hermeneutical analysis of published reports and narratives supported identification of a provisional, intensionally oriented definition of the science guiding nurse educators' disciplinary practice.

Results:
The emerging definition was “study of nurse educators' mindful implementation of effective and meaningful learning opportunities to enculturate graduates for practice excellence guided by nursing's disciplinary knowledge.”

Conclusion:

A working, intensional definition of the science of nursing education emphasizes qualities central to nurse educators' practice, ultimately contributing to preparing graduates for professional nursing practice.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(2):72–78.]
Characterizing the Journey of Geographic Atrophy Patients in Routine Ophthalmic Practice
Authors: Gupta Urvi , Maatouk Christopher M. , Markle Jonathan C. , Talcott Katherine E. , Singh Rishi P. , Rachitskaya Aleksandra V. 
Published: February 2024

Background and Objective:
Geographic atrophy (GA) is a form of late-stage age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This study aims to characterize the journey of patients with GA in real-world ophthalmology practice.

Patients and Methods:
This is a retrospective cohort study of 100 patients with GA and 100 with intermediate AMD (iAMD).

Results:
Approximately one-third of GA patients' eyes had GA at the time of their initial AMD diagnosis, and nearly half of the iAMD patients' eyes had iAMD at that time. When holding confounders constant, GA patients experienced significantly worse visual acuity outcomes, and a significantly higher proportion required referrals for low vision evaluation, needed assistance for activities of daily living, failed to meet driving standards, and met criteria for legal blindness when compared to iAMD controls.

Conclusions:
Many patients have already progressed to GA by the time they receive an AMD diagnosis, emphasizing the importance of providing early detection and intervention, especially considering novel treatment options.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2024;55:204–210.]
Quantitative Contrast Sensitivity Function and the Effect of Aging in Healthy Adult Eyes: A Normative Database
Authors: Choi Hanna , Vingopoulos Filippos , Razavi Peyman , Garcia Mauricio D. , Garg Itika , Rodriguez Jocelyn , Finn Matthew , Baldwin Grace , Romano Francesco , Ding Xinyi , Bannerman Augustine , Tracy Jack , Wescott Hannah , Husain Deeba , Kim Leo A. , Vavvas Demetrios G. , Miller John B. 
Published: February 2024

Background and Objective:
We sought to establish normative quantitative contrast sensitivity function (qCSF) values in healthy adult eyes and investigate the effect of age on qCSF.

Patients and Methods:
Healthy eyes underwent qCSF testing (adaptive sensory technology) and Snellen's visual acuity (VA). Descriptive statistics and mixed-effects multivariable linear regressions were evaluated.

Results:
A total of 334 eyes (290 patients) with median age 61 years (range 21 to 88) had qCSF values as follows: area under the log contrast sensitivity function curve: 1.18; contrast acuity: 1.32; contrast sensitivity (CS) at 1 cycle per degree (cpd): 1.32; CS at 1.5 cpd: 1.37; CS at 3 cpd: 1.38; CS at 6 cpd: 1.20; CS at 12 cpd: 0.69; CS at 18 cpd: 0.22. Linear reductions in qCSF values per decade of age ranged from −0.02 to −0.07 vs 0.01 for visual acuity (VA). Age had a greater effect on the majority of qCSF values than VA (beta standardized regression coefficient ranged from −0.309 to −0.141 for qCSF values vs 0.177 for VA).

Conclusions:
We herein establish a normative database for qCSF and quantify the effect of age on qCSF values, adding evidence towards the validation of qCSF as a clinical endpoint.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2024;55:212–219.]
Ivan da Silva Bruhns : le Brésil en dialogues
Authors: Vaudry Élodie 
Published: February 2024

Artiste protéiforme, le brésilien Ivan da Silva Bruhns, né en France en 1881, se fait connaître par la réalisation de tapis monumentaux pour les gouvernements français et étrangers et de riches mécènes, des années 1920 jusqu’à sa mort en 1980. Il puise son inspiration dans l’histoire du textile, plus particulièrement dans les savoir-faire berbères et mexicains. Parallèlement, il pratique la peinture toute sa vie, des huiles sur bois sur des formats moyens. Les formes anthropomorphes, zoomorphes, les portraits masqués et autres figures énigmatiques et géométriques parcourent son œuvre teintée d’appropriations africaines, précolombiennes et imaginaires. Son travail témoigne d’une réflexion sur le cubisme, l’abstraction et la couleur. Dialogues entre les arts, entre les formes et les aplats chromatiques, entre les cultures, l’oeuvre peinte d’Ivan da Silva Bruhns est profondément discursive et mérite d’être étudiée.
Usages des archives dans les documentaires chiliens contemporains. Les explorations de subjectivités réflexives et affectives
Authors: Lattanzi M. Laura 
Published: February 2024

Dans cet article l’autrice analyse l’usage de documents d’archives dans des documentaires chiliens contemporains à caractère d’essai autobiographique. Les œuvres que nous analyserons sont : El eco de las canciones (Antonia Rossi, 2010) et El rastreador de estatuas (Jerónimo Rodríguez, 2015).
Prevalence and impact of antithyroid antibodies in children with immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Khamis Salma A , Elhawary Eslam E , Mahmoud Mona M , Hablas Nahed M 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a common autoimmune condition characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia. ITP can present either as a primary disorder or secondary to other diseases, such as infections or altered immune states. The aim of this work was to evaluate the prevalence of antithyroid autoantibodies found at the time of diagnosis of childhood ITP and their influence on treatment response, in addition to prevalence of antiplatelet antibodies and thyroid dysfunction in pediatric patients with ITP.

Patients and methods
This prospective controlled study was carried out on 50 children with newly diagnosed primary ITP, and 50 apparently healthy children served as a control group. Serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxin and free triiodothyronine), anti-thyroglobin, anti-peroxidase antibodies, and antiplatelet antibodies were evaluated at diagnosis.

Results
Anti-thyroglobin, anti-peroxidase antibodies, and antiplatelet were significantly positive in children with ITP than the control group. Patients with positive antiplatelet, anti-thyroglobin, and anti-peroxidase antibodies show more resistance to effective medications in comparison to ITP patients with negative antibodies (P<0.001). The relation of these antibody positivity and the clinical course of these groups was statistically significant.

Conclusions
Pediatric ITP patients are prone to develop autoantibodies such as antiplatelet antibodies. Also, anti-thyroglobin and anti-peroxidase antibodies were significantly higher in children with ITP with positive antiplatelet, and both show more resistance to effective medications with relatively good response to eltrombopag olamine in comparison to ITP patients with negative antiplatelet, anti-thyroglobin, and anti-peroxidase antibodies.
Impact of Binet Staging versus Tumour Bulk on Treatment Outcome in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia
Authors: Madu Anazoeze Jude , Okoye Helen Chioma , Muoghalu Ebele Adaobi , Ugwu Angela Ogechukwu , Duru Augustine Nwakuche , Nonyelu Charles Emeka , Anigbogu Ikechukwu Okwudili , Ezekekwu Chinedu Anthony 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Most of the predictive tools put up to prognosticate treatment outcomes in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) are not easily available and affordable in our resource-constrained environment.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of staging and some tumour bulk on treatment outcomes of persons with CLL, Enugu, Nigeria.

Patients and Methods:
This is a 10-year review of the CLL data from the haemato-oncology unit of a Nigerian tertiary hospital to evaluate the impact of staging and tumour bulk indicators. Data were retrieved from the case notes of 102 patients with CLL receiving care at the facility. Data of interest include basic demographic variables, clinical features including spleen size and disease staging and blood counts. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22.

Results:
The median absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) was 108.05 (confidence interval [CI] = 50.8–201.3, interquartile range [IQR] = 124.4) ×109/L, and duration of survival for the study cohort was 5.5 (CI = 3.5–31.9, IQR = 27) months. Majority (69, 79.3%) were in Stage C. The Binet stage showed a significant association with the ALC (r = 0.338; P = 0.002) but not with spleen size (r = 0.198; P = 0.056). The duration of survival only showed a significant inverse relationship with the ALC (r = 0.35, P = 0.006) but with neither the Binet stage (r = 0.103, P = 0.431) nor spleen size (r = 0.184, P = 0.116).

Conclusion:
In CLL patients, ALC at presentation correlates with the duration of survival. We recommend that the ALC at presentation be used as a prognostic marker in our clime.
How Outreach Training and Supportive Supervision (OTSS) Affect Health Facility Readiness and Health-Care Worker Competency to Prevent and Treat Malaria in Niger: A Secondary Analysis of OTSS Data
Authors: Koko Daniel , Arouna Djibrilla , Bernard Yves-Marie , Ba Thierno , Mostel Jadmin , Abdou Yahaya , Coulibaly Eric , Bahari-Tohon Zilahatou , Barat Lawrence M. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT.
The quality of health services is key to the goal of averting morbidity and mortality from malaria. From July 2020 to August 2021, PMI Impact Malaria supported the implementation of four rounds of Outreach Training and Supportive Supervision (OTSS) in 12 health districts in the two regions of Niger: Dosso and Tahoua. Through OTSS, trained supervisors conducted onsite visits to observe an average of 174 healthcare workers (HCWs) per round in 96 public primary health facilities, managing persons with fever or conducting antenatal care (ANC) consultations, and then provided instant and individualized feedback and onsite training. Data from health facility readiness, case management, and malaria in pregnancy (MiP) checklists across the four rounds were analyzed using Wilcoxon’s and the χ2 tests. These analyses highlighted improved facility readiness, including an increased likelihood that HCWs had received classroom training, and facilities had increased availability of guidelines and algorithms by round 4 compared with round 1. Median HCW performance scores showed an improvement in the correct performance and interpretation of malaria rapid diagnostic tests, in classification of malaria as uncomplicated or severe, and in the management of uncomplicated malaria across the four rounds. For MiP services, malaria prevention and the management of pregnant women with malaria also improved from round 1 to round 4. These findings provide further evidence that OTSS can achieve rapid improvements in health facility readiness and HCW competency in managing outpatients and ANC clients.