bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracellular vesicles-coupled miRNAs from oviduct and uterus modulate signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism and bovine early embryo development.
Authors: Mazzarella Rosane , Cañón-Beltrán Karina , Cajas Yulia N , Hamdi Meriem , González Encina M , Silveira Juliano C da , Leal Claudia LV , Rizos Dimitrios 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) present in oviductal (OF) and uterine fluid (UF) have been shown to enhance bovine embryo quality during in vitro culture by reducing lipid contents and modulating lipid metabolism-related genes (LMG), while also influencing cell proliferation, suggesting their involvement on the regulation of different biological pathways. The regulation of signaling pathways related to cell differentiation, proliferation, and metabolism is crucial for early embryo development and can determine the success or failure of the pregnancy. Bioactive molecules within EVs in maternal reproductive fluids, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), may contribute to this regulatory process as they modulate gene expression through post-transcriptional mechanisms. This study evaluated miRNA cargo in OF-EVs from the early luteal phase and UF-EVs from the mid-luteal phase, coinciding with embryo transit within oviduct and uterus in vivo, and its possible influence on LMGs and signaling pathways crucial for early embryo development. miRNAs (333) were detected in both groups, 11 exclusives to OF, 59 to UF, and 263 were commonly. From differentially expressed miRNAs (20), 19 upregulated in UF-EVs (bta-miR-134, bta-miR-151-3p, bta-miR-155, bta-miR-188, bta-miR-181b, bta-miR-181d, bta-miR-224, bta-miR-23b-3p, bta-miR-24-3p, bta-miR-27a-3p, bta-miR-29a, bta-miR-324, bta-miR-326, bta-miR-345-3p, bta-miR-410, bta-miR-652, bta-miR-677, bta-miR-873 and bta-miR-708) and one (bta-miR-148b) in OF-EVs. These miRNAs were predicted to modulate several pathways such as Wnt, Hippo, MAPK and lipid metabolism and degradation. Differences in miRNAs found in OF-EVs from the early luteal phase and UF-EVs from mid-luteal phase may reflect different environments to meet the changing needs of the embryo. miRNAs may be involved, particularly in the uterus, in the regulation of embryo lipid metabolism, immune system and implantation. Understanding the expression pattern of miRNAs in OF- and UF-EVs and their predicted function may help unveil the signals that the embryo is receiving from the maternal side at different stages of early development.
Interpretation of Course Conceptual Structure and Student Self- efficiency: An Integrated Strategy of Knowledge Graphs with Item Response Modeling
Authors: CAO Zhen-Yu , LIN Feng , FENG Chun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
A lack of studies quantitively measures the difficulty and importance of knowledge points depending on students’ self-efficacy for learning (SEL). The study aims to verify the practical use of psychological measurement tools in physical therapy education by analyzing student SEL and course conceptual structure.
Methods
We extracted 100 knowledge points (KPs) from the “Therapeutic Exercise” course curriculum and administered a difficulty rating questionnaire of KPs to 218 students after their final exam. The pipeline of the non-parametric IRT and parametric IRT was employed to estimate student SEL and describe the hierarchy of KPs in terms of difficulty. Additionally, Gaussian Graphical Models with Non-Convex Penalties were deployed to create a Knowledge Graph (KG) and identify the main components. Finally, a visual analytics approach was proposed to understand the correlation and difficulty level of KPs.
Results
We identified 50 KPs to create the Mokken scale, which exhibited high reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.9675) and showed no gender bias at the overall or each item level (p > 0.05). The three-parameter logistic model (3PLM) demonstrated good fitness with questionnaire data, whose Root Mean Square Error Approximation < 0.05. Besides, item-model fitness unveiled good fitness, as indicated by each item with non-significant p-values for chi-square tests (p > 0.05). The Wright map revealed item difficulty relative to SEL levels. SEL estimated by the 3PLM correlated significantly with the high-ability range of average Grade-Point Average (p < 0.05). The KG backbone structure consisted of 58 KPs, with 29 KPs overlapping with the Mokken scale. Visual analysis of the KG backbone structure indicated that discrimination of knowledge concepts in the IRT could not replace their position parameters in the KG, suggesting KG and IRT methods offer distinct perspectives to visualize correlations and hierarchical relationships among the KPs.
Conclusion
This study integrated IRT modeling and the KG method through a questionnaire on student self-perceived knowledge difficulty, quantitatively assessing student SEL and the importance of KPs. Based on real-world teaching empirical data, this study laid a research foundation for updating course contents and customizing learning objectives.
Trial registration
Not applicable.
Pharmacological and neuroprotective effects of Helicid alleviates neuronal apoptosis of rats with depression-like behaviors by downregulating lncRNA-NONRATT030918.2
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Jiang Zhen-Yi , Wang Mei , Zhang Xiao-Tong , Ge Peng , Wang Wei , Zhang Yuan-Xiang , Tong Jiu-Cui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background Nowadays, evidence demonstrates that inflammation plays an important role in depression. Therefore, new antidepressants may be identified by screening for their anti-inflammatory properties. In parallel, Helicid (HEL) has been found to possess antidepressant pharmacological activity. Therefore, we aimed to testify the precise molecular mechanism by which HEL regulates lncRNA-NONRATT030918.2 to exert its antidepressant effect and pharmacological interventions in depression models.Methods A depression model stimulated using chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was created in rats, and the depressive state of the rats was assessed through behavioral experiments. Additionally, an in vitro model of PC12 cells induced by corticosterone (CORT) was established, and cytoactive was tested using the CCK8. The subcellular localization of the NONRATT030918.2 molecule was confirmed through a Fluorescence in situ hybridization experiment. The relationship between NONRATT030918.2, miRNA-128-3p, and Prim1 was analyzed using dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, RNA Binding Protein Immunoprecipitation assay, and RNA pull-down assay. The levels of NONRATT030918.2, miRNA-128-3p, and Prim1 were tested using Q-PCR. Furthermore, the levels of Prim1, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase3 were checked through Western blot.Results The HEL can alleviate the depression-like behavior of CUMS rats and reduce the mortality of hippocampal via down-regulating the level of NONRATT030918.2. In CORT-induced PC12 cells, intervention with HEL led to decreased expression of NONRATT030918.2 and Prim1, as well as increased expression of miRNA-128-3p. This suggests that HEL regulates the expression of NONRATT030918.2 to upregulate miRNA-128-3p, which in turn inhibits CORT-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells by targeting Prim1.Conclusions The NONRATT030918.2/miRNA-128-3p/Prim1 axis could potentially serve as a crucial regulatory network for HEL to exert its neuroprotective effects.
Pluripotency and Differentiation Capacity of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from Subcutaneous and Visceral Fat
Authors: Setiawan Abdul Malik , Ahmad Fairus , Hamid Adila A. , Karim Abdul Kadir Abdul , Kamarudin Taty Anna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Adipose derived stem cells (ADSC), a type of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) found in the vascular stroma of human fat tissues. It showed promising potentials as an alternative source for tissue engineering. Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) regulates pluripotency in ADSC, while bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) signalling is essential for the differentiation of ADSC towards ectodermal lineages.
Objective:The expression of BMP4 and OCT4 in primary ADSCs from different adipose tissue depots were assessed.
Method: Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues were harvested from the abdomen of 6 females, processed and ADSCs were isolated. The expression of BMP4and OCT4 were assessed at P4 and compared to ADSC cell line as a control group.
Results:The expression of OCT4 and BMP4 were higher in primary ADSC from both subcutaneous and visceral locations compared to the control. The OCT4 and BMP4 expression in visceral and subcutaneous ADSCs showed a different pattern. Majority (67% and 100%) of the visceral ADSCs expressed higher OCT4 and BMP4 respectively compared to subcutaneous ADSCs. These findings suggest a potential correlation between the ADSCs’ differential capacity and its location, explained by the interplays between underlying regulatory pathways of pluripotency and ectodermal differentiation.
Spatiotemporal stochastic event-rainfall process in a small mountainous catchment
Authors: cheng jianyi , guo xiaojun , li yong , liu daochuan , liu jihong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The spatial distribution and temporal process of rainfall are important with respect to rainfall-induced hazards, which represent major problems in small mountainous catchments. This study considered the rainfall process as a stochastic process, and investigated its spatial variation and temporal evolution using data obtained from a dense monitoring network in a small catchment. The event-scale rainfall–elevation and rainfall–area relations were proposed, and the temporal process was investigated at 1-min resolution and characterized by an index that included the onset time, duration, and center time of the rainfall peak period at each gauge. Analysis of the errors associated with using the relations revealed that the errors were random and followed a normal distribution. Consequently, the rainfall process could be expressed as y = f(x) + ε, where f(x) represents the specific deterministic relations used to estimate the rainfall parameters, and ε represents the estimation errors. A stochastic simulation method that incorporates the deterministic empirical relations of rainfall amount and the stochastic process of rainfall errors was proposed to simulate the rainfall process at any gauge. The simulation procedure was described in detail and validated using real event-rainfall data, also the influence of gauge selection to the hydrological forecasting (e.g. water flood simulation and debris flow forecasting) was evaluated. This study marks an attempt to establish a framework for generation of the temporal process of rainfall at a high resolution (1-min) which is significant to the hydrological hazards forecasting, and could be extended to other unknown places, thereby realizing the spatial distribution of rainfall within a catchment.
Extrapolation of midazolam disposition in neonates using physiological based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) modelling
Authors: Zhao Tangping , Zhou Sufeng , Wang Lu , Li Tongtong , Zhu Jinying , Shao Feng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective:
To explore the feasibility of model simulation research strategies for dose optimization in the neonatal populations. Using midazolam as a model drug, a PBPK/PD model was established to simulated and optimize the dosing regimen for sedation in the neonatal population.
Methods:
Firstly, an adult PBPK/PD model was established. Secondly, the research strategy of extrapolating adult drug use data to newborns was applied. The adult PBPK/PD model was extrapolated to the neonatal population according to the maturation formula of plasma albumin and metabolic enzyme CYP3A4/5. The robustness of the neonatal model was evaluated using clinical data from different age stratification. The neonatal PBPK/PD model was then used to simulate the dosage regimen of midazolam for sedation in newborns.
Results:
Individualized validation in adults showed that 95.1% of the predicted concentration values were within two-fold, and all the predicted AUC values were within two-fold; the extrapolated neonatal model showed that about 84.4% of the predicted concentration values were within two-fold, the AAFE value of the overall model was < 2, and the AFE value was between 0.5–1.5; the validated neonatal PBPK/PD model showed that virtual term neonates maintained a target plasma concentration range within 26 hours when using the dosage regimen recommended on the product label (0.06 mg/kg/h, iv infusion 12 hours), the optimal dose for premature infants to reach the target plasma concentration range may need to be slightly higher than the recommended dose on the product label (0.03mg/kg/h, iv infusion 12h).
Conclusion:
We successfully established a neonatal PBPK/PD model of midazolam by referring to extrapolated-based research strategy and integrating the influence of human physiological development on drug disposal. Finally, the model was validated with the dosage of midazolam in the product specification, and reliable results were obtained.
Impact of covariate model building methods on their clinical relevance evaluation in population pharmacokinetic analyses: comparison of the full model, stepwise covariate model (SCM) and SCM+ approaches
Authors: Philipp Morgane , Buatois Simon , Retout Sylvie , Mentré France 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Covariate analysis in population pharmacokinetics is key for adjusting doses for patients. The main objective of this work was to compare the adequacy of various modeling approaches on covariate clinical relevance decision-making. The full model, stepwise covariate model (SCM) and SCM + PsN algorithms were compared in a clinical trial simulation of a 383-patient population pharmacokinetic study mixing rich and sparse designs. A one-compartment model with first-order absorption was used. A base model including a body weight effect on CL/F and V/F and a covariate model including 4 additional covariates-parameters relationships were simulated. As for forest plots, ratios between covariates at a specific value and that of a typical individual were calculated with their 90% confidence interval (CI90) using standard errors. Covariates on CL, V and KA were considered relevant if their CI90 fell completely outside the reference area [0.8–1.2]. All approaches provided unbiased covariate ratio estimates. For covariates with a simulated effect, the 3 approaches correctly identify their clinical relevance. However, significant covariates were missed in up to 15% of cases with SCM/SCM+. For covariate with no simulated effects, the full model mainly identified them as non-relevant or with insufficient information while SCM/SCM + mainly did not select them. SCM/SCM + assume that non-selected covariates are non-relevant when it could be due to insufficient information, whereas the full model does not make this assumption and is faster. This study must be extended to other methods and completed by a more complex high-dimensional simulation framework.
Clinical nomogram for predicting type 2 diabetes in elderly patients with hypertension: a novel model approach toward predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine
Authors: Yao Wensen , Zhang Lu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a widely prevalent disease, often asymptomatic in its initial phases. Therefore, early identification of individuals at a high risk of T2D is essential in the context of Predictive, Preventive, and Personalized Medicine (PPPM/3PM). Currently, there is a lack of a specific model for estimating the risk of T2D in elderly hypertensive patients. This study aims to develop a nomogram for predicting the 5-year risk of T2D in this specific population.Methods This retrospective cohort study included 6041 elderly patients with hypertension initially free of T2D. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression model was employed to identify potential predictors. The relationship between continuous predictors and new-onset T2D was examined using the restricted cubic spline (RCS) function. Cox regression analysis was conducted to establish the optimal predictive nomogram model. The performance of the nomogram was assessed through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Time-dependent ROC analysis was conducted to evaluate the discriminative ability of the nomogram for T2D at different time points. We categorized participants into four risk categories according to their nomogram scores: low (Q1), middle (Q2), high (Q3), and extremely high (Q4). Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curve was used to assess the predictive value of the nomogram.Results All 6,041 participants, 495 individuals (8.2%) developed diabetes during the follow-up period. The nomogram model incorporated four variables: age (HR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.04), body mass index (BMI) (HR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01–1.08), fasting blood glucose (FPG) (HR = 4.32; 95% CI: 3.69–5.07), and triglyceride levels (HR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.02–1.66). The nomogram demonstrated robust discrimination performance with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.795 for the training cohort and 0.755 for the validation cohort. Furthermore, calibration curves illustrated a close alignment between the predicted and observed probabilities of T2D risk, affirming the reliability of the nomogram's predictions. The DCA substantiated the favorable clinical utility of the nomogram. The time-dependent ROC and K-M curves underscored the nomogram's good discriminatory and predictive capabilities.Conclusions We have formulated an easily applicable, personalized nomogram model that demonstrates precision and reliability in distinguishing the 5-year risk of incident T2D in elderly patients with hypertension.
HPV infection and its correlation with p53 and Bcl-2 among pregnant mothers and their infants
Authors: Sen Subhrojit 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Perinatal transmission of HPV leading to infection in infants due to swallowing of amniotic fluid or vaginal secretions is vital for early screening of cervical and oral cancers. Here, the perinatal transmission of HPV from the pregnant women to their infants was studied. p53 and Bcl-2 expressions in the mother-baby pairs were analyzed. The correlation of HPV infection with p53 and Bcl-2 in the mother-baby pairs were examined. The study included 135 mother-baby pairs. HPV infection was detected in the cervical and oral swabs employing both PCR and Hybrid Capture-II methods. Immunocytochemistry of p53 and Bcl-2 using the streptavidin-biotin peroxidase method with respective monoclonal antibodies was performed. The prevalence of HPV infection in the mothers was 28.14%, (38/135) and 30.37% (41/135) determined by the PCR and HC-II methods respectively. HPV 16 and/or 18 was identified in 81.57% (31/38) and 82.92% (34/41) of the HPV + women estimated by the PCR and HC-II methods respectively. The frequency of perinatal transmission was 21.05% (8/38) 23.68% (9/38) determined by the PCR and HC-II methods respectively. An abnormal nuclear expression of p53 and cytoplasmic expression of Bcl-2 were observed in the HPV + mother-baby pairs. A significant positive correlation was found between p53 and Bcl-2 expressions and HPV + mother-baby pairs. Cesarean section was not found protective for infants against perinatal HPV transmission. The detection of p53 and Bcl-2 proteins in the HPV-positive mother-baby pairs suggests that these biomarkers may be important in the early screening of these cancers in positive cases.
Advancing Ecological Research with MobileNet-SSD V2 CNN: A Leap in Machine Learning
Authors: P Geethanjali , . Metun , Rajeshwari M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Across different regions, the ongoing struggle between humans and animals takes various shapes, including the prevalent problems with tigers in urban spaces and crop destruction by wild elephants. Crafting successful approaches to mitigate these human-wildlife confrontations stands as a pressing issue worldwide. Manually analyzing a large volume of photos and collected footage is exceptionally time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly. Recent advancements in deep learning techniques have demonstrated promise in the identification of objects and species within images. In this paper, an automated wildlife detection system that leverages computer vision techniques and machine learning methods is introduced where the primary goal is to validate and train a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), specifically MobileNet-SSD V2, to detect wildlife captured by camera traps. The approach includes building a versatile CNN framework with labeled images from benchmark datasets, annotated using LabelImg, and implementing it in TensorFlow Lite. Regular updates with fresh camera-trap images will enhance species recognition precision. This method could aid in conserving endangered species.
Effect of femtosecond laser pre-patterned silicon substrate on Ti/Zr/Ti thin film properties
Authors: Božinović Nevena , Rajić Vladimir , Savva Kyriaki , Potočnik Jelena , Pjević Dejan , Stratakis Emmanuel , Petrović Suzana 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The experimental study of the dynamic femtosecond laser silicon substrate pre-patterning for the Ti/Zr/Ti thin film system is reported. The design of surface pattering with the micrometre features in the form of spikes is investigated in order to improve the arrayed surface structures. Femtosecond laser pulses were used to acquire black silicon surfaces decorated with conical structures (spikes) under 0.65 bar of SF6 environmental atmosphere. After irradiation, the silicon surface exhibits high aspect ratio spikes, which have conical shapes of about 2 µm height, 40° angle opening, 13x10 6 cm −2 density that remains approximately uniform across the processed area. Results show that the base of the induced conical structures has an elliptical shape with a major (long) and minor (short) axis on the horizontal plane. Spike formation has been attributed to a complex mechanism initiated by partial material melting and subsequent capillary wave formation driven by surface tension gradients within the molten region. On pre-patterned Si substrate were deposited novel composite thin films composed of two Ti layers and subsurface distributed Zr layers (thickness of 10 nm) by ion sputtering to the total thickness of 300 nm. The composition, surface morphology, reflectance and wetting properties were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS), wettability equipment tehnique and UV spectrophotometer.
Levy Flight GA with Bayesian LSTM - XGBoost optimization for Energy Consumption Prediction of LED array and Piezo-Electric Energy Harvesting system
Authors: Marimuthu C , Manikandan V 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Prediction of energy consumption from nonconventional renewable energy sources is critical task for energy suppliers. To forecast energy demand, this paper proposed an improved Bayesian Long-Short Term Memory (BiLSTM) based deep learning technique cum Gradient Boost Regression (XGBoost) with LevyGA optimization for LED array and Piezo-Electric Energy generation forecasting. The complex and nonlinear dependencies between time steps and sequences are extracted by the XGBoost mechanism, so the attention weight vector is constructed for the hidden layer output of BiLSTM and the relevant variables at different time steps are weighted to influence the input. Finally, the Levy Flight Genetic algorithm (LFGA) is used to optimize hyper-parameter selection of the model. Comparing with other forecasting techniques in terms of accuracy and stability, our method of the short-term power generation forecasting on different data sets shows that the average absolute errors of forecasting are 0.876 and 4.238.