bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Professional societies of obstetrics and gynecology as agents of change in sexual and reproductive health:FIGO's 10‐country safe abortion advocacy project in Africa and Latin America
Authors: Morris Jessica L. , Armitage Sinéad , Davis Jema , Kaur Jameen , Pretty Matthew , Ea Sophie , Seok Jane , de Vries Irene 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn 2019, FIGO started implementing its abortion project focusing on advocacy. The Advocacy for Safe Abortion (ASA) Project was conducted in partnership with 10 national professional societies of obstetrics and gynecology in Latin America and Africa. The project aimed to strengthen national societies, support them to be leaders in sexual and reproductive health, and enable them to obtain context‐specific advocacy goals that improve access to safe abortion. Innovative monitoring and evaluation methodology enabled tracking of outcomes, consideration of their contribution to success, and cross‐country evaluation. The project saw success through some key strategies: institutional capacity strengthening; enhanced work through collaborations; training to increase knowledge and reduce abortion‐related stigma with a broad array of stakeholders; and generation and use of evidence to influence decision‐makers. This article describes the project and methodology used and provides tangible examples of how societies have been agents of change in their countries and of the need for such important work to continue.
Decriminalization of abortion by the Mexican Supreme Court
Authors: Bonifaz Alfonzo Leticia , Mora Sierra Rosalba 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn September 2021, the Mexican Supreme Court issued a decision disallowing any federal or local judicial authority to indict someone for the offense of voluntary or consensual abortion. This decision also declared unconstitutional penalties imposed on medical personnel who facilitate or assist such procedures. Furthermore, the Court decided that limiting access to abortion in cases of rape to a specific time frame was disproportionate. Later on, in September 2023, the Supreme Court confirmed that absolute criminalization of abortion was unconstitutional and declared that the rule supporting criminalization in the Federal Penal Code was without effects. Consequently, healthcare providers who work in public federal health institutions cannot be criminalized for guaranteeing the right to abortion. This article reviews the reasons advanced by the Supreme Court to guarantee the right of reproductive self‐determination, as well as the effects of both decisions beyond the decriminalization of abortion by Mexican federal and state legislatures. The paper also examines the scope and limitations of these rulings and identifies the remaining challenges regarding voluntary abortion procedures in Mexico.
Literary responses in Spanish adolescents: Adaptation, validation, and analysis of the Literary Response Questionnaire
Authors: Muela‐Bermejo Diana , Mendoza‐Cercadillo Irene , Hernández‐Heras Lucía 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study involves translating, cross‐culturally adapting, and validating the Literary Response Questionnaire (LRQ) for 413 Spanish adolescents. It explores the evolution of literary education in Spain and its alignment with the Reading Responses paradigm. The LRQ, adapted across various locations, is validated in Spanish through Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The research analyzes reading responses in dimensions like Leisure Escape, Insight, Empathy, Story‐driven Reading, Concern with Author, Imagery Vividness, and Rejecting Literary Values. Findings reveal widespread indifference and rejection toward literary reading among the adolescents, along with a clear disapproval of the historicist‐authorial approach to literary education. Significant variations were identified based on students' gender, enrollment in a bilingual program, and notably, the number of books read per year. This underscores the significance of introducing literary reading practices in secondary education that align with the leisure preferences of adolescents, encouraging personal and experiential engagement with texts. This could materialize in the classroom the shift from a historicist to a reader‐centered approach suggested by the current Spanish curriculum.
Pnictogen bond‐driven control of the molecular interaction between organophosphorus and acetylcholinesterase enzyme
Authors: Andolpho Gustavo A. , Ramalho Teodorico C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study addresses a comprehensive assessment of the interaction between chemical warfare agents (CWA) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) systems, focus on the intriguing pnictogen‐bond interaction (PnB). Utilizing the crystallographic data from the Protein Data Bank pertaining to the AChE‐CWA complex involving Sarin (GB), Cyclosarin (GF), 2‐[fluoro(methyl)phosphoryl]oxy‐1,1‐dimethylcyclopentane (GP) and venomous agent X (VX) agents, the CWA is systematically displaced by increments of 0.1 Å along the PO bond axis, extending its distance by 4 Å from the original position. The AIM analysis was carried out and consistently revealed the presence of a significant interaction along the PO bond. Investigating the intrinsic nature of the PnB, the NBO and the EDA analysis unearthed the contribution of orbital factors to the overall energy of the system. Strikingly, this observation challenges the conventional σ‐hole explanation commonly associated with such interactions. This finding adds a layer of complexity to understanding of PnB, encouraging further exploration into the underlying mechanisms governing these intriguing chemical phenomena.
Mechanistic Modeling of Empagliflozin: Predicting Pharmacokinetics, Urinary Glucose Excretion, and Investigating Compensatory Role of SGLT1 in Renal Glucose Reabsorption
Authors: Ping Xian , Wang Guopeng , Gao Dongmei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to use a combination of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling and urinary glucose excretion (UGE) modeling to predict the time profiles of pharmacokinetics (PK) and UGE for the sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor empagliflozin (EMP). Additionally, the study aims to explore the compensatory effect of SGLT1 in renal glucose reabsorption (RGR) when SGLT2 is inhibited. The PBPK‐UGE model was developed using physicochemical and biochemical properties, renal physiological parameters, binding kinetics, glucose, and Na+ reabsorption kinetics by SGLT1/2. For area under the plasma concentration‐time curve, maximum plasma concentration, and cumulative EMP excretion in urine, the predicted values fell within a range of 0.5‐2.0 when compared to observed data. Additionally, the simulated UGE data also matched well with the clinical data, further validating the accuracy of the model. According to the simulations, SGLT1 and SGLT2 contributed approximately 13% and 87%, respectively, to RGR in the absence of EMP. However, in the presence of EMP at doses of 2.5 and 10 mg, the contribution of SGLT1 to RGR significantly increased to approximately 76%‐82% and 89%‐93%, respectively, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, the model supported the understanding that the compensatory effect of SGLT1 is the underlying mechanism behind the moderate inhibition observed in total RGR. The PBPK‐UGE model has the capability to accurately predict the PK and UGE time profiles in humans. Furthermore, it provides a comprehensive analysis of the specific contributions of SGLT1 and SGLT2 to RGR in the presence or absence of EMP.
Dental students’ perceptions of standardized patient experiences using Zoom: Dyadic factors
Authors: Desai Jhanvi P. , Young Lance Brendan , McQuistan Michelle R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeThe COVID‐19 pandemic required a rapid transition to online education, including simulations. The current study identified students’ perceptions of communicating with standardized patients in a virtual setting.MethodsThis qualitative study thematically analyzed 485 reflections submitted by 248 students between Spring 2020 and Spring 2022. Statements describing both the virtual medium and dyadic interactions between students and patients were coded for emergent themes and also coded as positive (facilitative) or negative (critical).ResultsFour themes emerged from the data related to the virtual medium: impact on nonverbal communication, patient engagement/rapport, presentation aids, and listening. Within these broad themes, 13 subthemes were identified, nine of which were negative/critical. Technology problems were specifically identified as compromising both engagement and listening. Even when technology worked well, students noted that it reduced the number of message cues received from the patient and complicated the process of sending cues (e.g., by requiring students to look away from a patient's face to make “eye contact” through a camera).ConclusionsOverall, students were critical of Zoom's impact on dyadic factors with standardized patients. However, they did acknowledge some positive aspects regarding the technology. These findings provide a foundation to consider when teaching students how to communicate effectively via teledentistry.
Anciently duplicated genes continuously recruited to heart expression in vertebrate evolution are associated with heart chamber increase
Authors: Zou Yangyun , Yang Jingwen , Zhou Jingqi , Liu Gangbiao , Shen Libing , Zhou Zhan , Su Zhixi , Gu Xun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlthough gene/genome duplications in the early stage of vertebrates have been thought to provide major resources of raw genetic materials for evolutionary innovations, it is unclear whether they continuously contribute to the evolution of morphological complexity during the course of vertebrate evolution, such as the evolution from two heart chambers (fishes) to four heart chambers (mammals and birds). We addressed this issue by our heart RNA‐Seq experiments combined with published data, using 13 vertebrates and one invertebrate (sea squirt, as an outgroup). Our evolutionary transcriptome analysis showed that number of ancient paralogous genes expressed in heart tends to increase with the increase of heart chamber number along the vertebrate phylogeny, in spite that most of them were duplicated at the time near to the origin of vertebrates or even more ancient. Moreover, those paralogs expressed in heart exert considerably different functions from heart‐expressed singletons: the former are functionally enriched in cardiac muscle and muscle contraction‐related categories, whereas the latter play more basic functions of energy generation like aerobic respiration. These findings together support the notion that recruiting anciently paralogous genes that are expressed in heart is associated with the increase of chamber number in vertebrate evolution.
Comparison of immune‐related gene signatures and immune infiltration features in early‐ and late‐onset preeclampsia
Authors: Wu Quanfeng , Ying Xiang , Yu Weiwei , Li Huanxi , Wei Wei , Lin Xueyan , Yang Meilin , Zhang Xueqin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundPreeclampsia, a severe pregnancy syndrome, is widely accepted divided into early‐ and late‐onset preeclampsia (EOPE and LOPE) based on the onset time of preeclampsia, with distinct pathophysiological origins. However, the molecular mechanism especially immune‐related mechanisms for EOPE and LOPE is currently obscure. In the present study, we focused on placental immune alterations between EOPE and LOPE and search for immune‐related biomarkers that could potentially serve as potential therapeutic targets through bioinformatic analysis.MethodsThe gene expression profiling data was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. ESTIMATE algorithm and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were employed to evaluate the immune status. The intersection of differentially expressed genes in GSE74341 series and immune‐related genes set screened differentially expressed immune‐related genes. Protein–protein interaction network and random forest were used to identify hub genes with a validation by a quantitative real‐time PCR. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, Gene Ontology and gene set variation analysis were utilized to conduct biological function and pathway enrichment analyses. Single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis and CIBERSORTx tools were employed to calculate the immune cell infiltration score. Correlation analyses were evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis. Hub genes‐miRNA network was performed by the NetworkAnalyst online tool.ResultsImmune score and stromal score were all lower in EOPE samples. The immune system‐related gene set was significantly downregulated in EOPE compared to LOPE samples. Four hub differentially expressed immune‐related genes (IL15, GZMB, IL1B and CXCL12) were identified based on a protein–protein interaction network and random forest. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction validated the lower expression levels of four hub genes in EOPE compared to LOPE samples. Immune cell infiltration analysis found that innate and adaptive immune cells were apparent lacking in EOPE samples compared to LOPE samples. Cytokine‐cytokine receptor, para‐inflammation, major histocompatibility complex class I and T cell co‐stimulation pathways were significantly deficient and highly correlated with hub genes. We constructed a hub genes‐miRNA regulatory network, revealing the correlation between hub genes and hsa‐miR‐374a‐5p, hsa‐miR‐203a‐3p, hsa‐miR‐128‐3p, hsa‐miR‐155‐3p, hsa‐miR‐129‐2‐3p and hsa‐miR‐7‐5p.ConclusionsThe innate and adaptive immune systems were severely impaired in placentas of EOPE. Four immune‐related genes (IL15, GZMB, IL1B and CXCL12) were closely correlated with immune‐related pathogenesis of EOPE. The result of our study may provide a new basis for discriminating between EOPE and LOPE and acknowledging the role of the immune landscape in the eventual interference and tailored treatment of EOPE.
Interventions to alleviate anxiety and pain during venipuncture in children with chronic gastrointestinal and/or liver disease: A single‐center prospective observational study
Authors: Fuchs Albert , Cordes Berrit L. , van Dick Rolf , Ebers Gianna , Kaluza Antonia , Konietzny Christiane , Baumann Ulrich 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe goal of this longitudinal study was to reduce anxiety and pain in children with chronic conditions from the gastrointestinal tract during venipuncture. These children undergo regular venipuncture as part of their medical management and the procedure is often accompanied with anxiety and pain. In addition, children as well as their parents and health care professionals (HCPs) often suffer “compassionate pain” because of emotional interference.MethodIn a realistic clinical setting, different psychological and medical interventions were examined: (1) Psychoeducational brochures and (2) four different medical‐technical interventions during venipuncture. In a large hospital in Germany, 169 children, their parents, and HCPs were asked to rate anxiety and pain during venipuncture before and after the intervention.ResultsChildren showed a clear preference for some of the medical‐technical interventions. Using Linear Mixed Models anxiety and pain rated by the children themselves showed no significant reduction. However, parents and HCPs reported a significant reduction. Age, gender, and status of liver transplantation were associated with a reduction in anxiety and pain in most of the analyses.ConclusionBoth psychoeducational brochures and medical‐technical interventions had a positive impact on anxiety and pain. However, effectivity for the medical–technical interventions was lower than in previous studies utilizing individual interventions. Reasons for this difference as well as possibilities to improve the intervention are discussed. In addition, this study provides practical day‐to‐day information about the implementation of interventions for the work in pediatric units such as when and how to provide psychoeducational materials.
RADCURE: An open‐source head and neck cancer CT dataset for clinical radiation therapy insights
Authors: Welch Mattea L. , Kim Sejin , Hope Andrew J. , Huang Shao Hui , Lu Zhibin , Marsilla Joseph , Kazmierski Michal , Rey‐McIntyre Katrina , Patel Tirth , O'Sullivan Brian , Waldron John , Bratman Scott , Haibe‐Kains Benjamin , Tadic Tony ,   Princess Margaret Head and Neck Site Group
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeThis manuscript presents RADCURE, one of the most extensive head and neck cancer (HNC) imaging datasets accessible to the public. Initially collected for clinical radiation therapy (RT) treatment planning, this dataset has been retrospectively reconstructed for use in imaging research.Acquisition and Validation MethodsRADCURE encompasses data from 3346 patients, featuring computed tomography (CT) RT simulation images with corresponding target and organ‐at‐risk contours. These CT scans were collected using systems from three different manufacturers. Standard clinical imaging protocols were followed, and contours were manually generated and reviewed at weekly RT quality assurance rounds. RADCURE imaging and structure set data was extracted from our institution's radiation treatment planning and oncology information systems using a custom‐built data mining and processing system. Furthermore, images were linked to our clinical anthology of outcomes data for each patient and includes demographic, clinical and treatment information based on the 7th edition TNM staging system (Tumor‐Node‐Metastasis Classification System of Malignant Tumors). The median patient age is 63, with the final dataset including 80% males. Half of the cohort is diagnosed with oropharyngeal cancer, while laryngeal, nasopharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal cancers account for 25%, 12%, and 5% of cases, respectively. The median duration of follow‐up is five years, with 60% of the cohort surviving until the last follow‐up point.Data Format and Usage NotesThe dataset provides images and contours in DICOM CT and RT‐STRUCT formats, respectively. We have standardized the nomenclature for individual contours—such as the gross primary tumor, gross nodal volumes, and 19 organs‐at‐risk—to enhance the RT‐STRUCT files’ utility. Accompanying demographic, clinical, and treatment data are supplied in a comma‐separated values (CSV) file format. This comprehensive dataset is publicly accessible via The Cancer Imaging Archive.Potential ApplicationsRADCURE's amalgamation of imaging, clinical, demographic, and treatment data renders it an invaluable resource for a broad spectrum of radiomics image analysis research endeavors. Researchers can utilize this dataset to advance routine clinical procedures using machine learning or artificial intelligence, to identify new non‐invasive biomarkers, or to forge prognostic models.
Motion compensated structured low‐rank reconstruction for 3D multi‐shot EPI
Authors: Chen Xi , Wu Wenchuan , Chiew Mark 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeThe 3D multi‐shot EPI imaging offers several benefits including higher SNR and high isotropic resolution compared to 2D single shot EPI. However, it suffers from shot‐to‐shot inconsistencies arising from physiologically induced phase variations and bulk motion. This work proposed a motion compensated structured low‐rank (mcSLR) reconstruction method to address both issues for 3D multi‐shot EPI.MethodsStructured low‐rank reconstruction has been successfully used in previous work to deal with inter‐shot phase variations for 3D multi‐shot EPI imaging. It circumvents the estimation of phase variations by reconstructing an individual image for each phase state which are then sum‐of‐squares combined, exploiting their linear interdependency encoded in structured low‐rank constraints. However, structured low‐rank constraints become less effective in the presence of inter‐shot motion, which corrupts image magnitude consistency and invalidates the linear relationship between shots. Thus, this work jointly models inter‐shot phase variations and motion corruptions by incorporating rigid motion compensation for structured low‐rank reconstruction, where motion estimates are obtained in a fully data‐driven way without relying on external hardware or imaging navigators.ResultsSimulation and in vivo experiments at 7T have demonstrated that the mcSLR method can effectively reduce image artifacts and improve the robustness of 3D multi‐shot EPI, outperforming existing methods which only address inter‐shot phase variations or motion, but not both.ConclusionThe proposed mcSLR reconstruction compensates for rigid motion, and thus improves the validity of structured low‐rank constraints, resulting in improved robustness of 3D multi‐shot EPI to both inter‐shot motion and phase variations.
Integrated analyses of the genetic and clinicopathological features of cholangiolocarcinoma: cholangiolocarcinoma may be characterized by mismatch‐repair deficiency
Authors: Makino Kenta , Ishii Takamichi , Takeda Haruhiko , Saito Yoichi , Fujiwara Yukio , Fujimoto Masakazu , Ito Takashi , Wakama Satoshi , Kumagai Ken , Munekage Fumiaki , Horie Hiroshi , Tomofuji Katsuhiro , Oshima Yu , Uebayashi Elena Yukie , Kawai Takayuki , Ogiso Satoshi , Fukumitsu Ken , Takai Atsushi , Seno Hiroshi , Hatano Etsuro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCholangiolocarcinoma (CLC) is a primary liver carcinoma that resembles the canals of Hering and that has been reported to be associated with stem cell features. Due to its rarity, the nature of CLC remains unclear, and its pathological classification remains controversial. To clarify the positioning of CLC in primary liver cancers and identify characteristics that could distinguish CLC from other liver cancers, we performed integrated analyses using whole‐exome sequencing (WES), immunohistochemistry, and a retrospective review of clinical information on eight CLC cases and two cases of recurrent CLC. WES demonstrated that CLC includes IDH1 and BAP1 mutations, which are characteristic of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). A mutational signature analysis showed a pattern similar to that of iCCA, which was different from that of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CLC cells, including CK7, CK19, and EpCAM, were positive for cholangiocytic differentiation markers. However, the hepatocytic differentiation marker AFP and stem cell marker SALL4 were completely negative. The immunostaining patterns of CLC with CD56 and epithelial membrane antigen were similar to those of the noncancerous bile ductules. In contrast, mutational signature cluster analyses revealed that CLC formed a cluster associated with mismatch‐repair deficiency (dMMR), which was separate from iCCA. Therefore, to evaluate MMR status, we performed immunostaining of four MMR proteins (PMS2, MSH6, MLH1, and MSH2) and detected dMMR in almost all CLCs. In conclusion, CLC had highly similar characteristics to iCCA but not to HCC. CLC can be categorized as a subtype of iCCA. In contrast, CLC has characteristics of dMMR tumors that are not found in iCCA, suggesting that it should be treated distinctly from iCCA. © 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.