bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creating a New Inframammary Fold, Raising the Breast Footprint, and Elongating the Torso with a Multiplane Concept
Authors: Bark Adel A. , Minikowski Guilherme C. , Moreto Laércio , Mujahed Isaac B. U. 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Augmentation mastopexy focuses on restoring the youthful appearance of the female breast. Despite those benefits, there is large scarring to be considered, and the reduction of this side effect is the main goal to enhance the aesthetic result. This article aims to describe a variation of the L-shaped mastopexy technique without complex marking and performed in planes, which brings long-term results for patients undergoing this approach.

Methods:
This was a retrospective observational study based on a series of cases conducted by the author. The preoperative appointment and the surgical technique are described and divided into steps according to their components: cutaneous, glandular tissue, and muscular.

Results:
Between January of 2016 and July of 2021, 632 women underwent surgery. The mean age was 38 years (range, 18 to 71 years). The mean implant volume was 285 cc (range, 175 to 550 cc). All the implants used were round with a nanotextured surface. The mean weight of tissue resected from each breast was 117 g (range, 5 to 550 g). Follow-up ranged from 12 to 84 months, and photographic documentation was performed from 30 days after surgery. Complications totaled 19.30% and were divided into minor (treated with expectant treatment, noninvasive, or with the possibility of correction with local anesthesia), corresponding to 10.44%, and major (in which it was necessary to return to the operating room), corresponding to 8.86%.

Conclusions:
Multiplane L-scar mastopexy is a versatile and safe technique with predictable results, which allow the systematic treatment of the most diverse breast types. Complications are similar to those of other described and solidified techniques.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Direct Repair of Ruptured Nerve Stump to Middle Trunk for Restoration of Extrinsic Finger Extension in Total Brachial Plexus Injuries
Authors: Xue Yunhao , Wang Shufeng , Hu Jingjing , Li Wenjun , Li Feng , Anil Bhatia , Li Pengcheng , Yin Yaobin , Duan Fangfang , Wei Qipei 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Attempts to restore independent hand function in total brachial plexus injuries (TBPIs) have often failed due to inconsistent results of finger extension reconstruction. An innovative technique is described to achieve this effect by direct neurorrhaphy of residual (ruptured) roots with the middle trunk.

Methods:
Direct coaptation of the ruptured roots to the middle trunk and, simultaneously, transferring the anterior division of the middle trunk to the posterior division of the lower trunk was performed in 64 patients with TBPI. The return of extension of the elbow, wrist, and fingers was monitored.

Results:
Excellent and good muscle strength of finger extension were noted in 45.3% of cases. The patients were divided into group A (>32 years) and group B (≤32 years) according to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The difference of excellent and good rates of finger and wrist extension muscle strengths between the 2 groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 4.635, P = 0.031; χ2 = 6.615, P = 0.010).

Conclusions:
Direct neurorrhaphy of ruptured nerve root stumps with the middle trunk could achieve satisfactory results for finger extension in TBPI for patients ≤32 years old. Long nerve defects (4 to 6.5 cm) could be overcome by freeing the nerve and adducting the arm against the trunk.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Risk, III.
A protocol-driven approach to reduce lengths of stay for pediatric blunt liver and spleen injury patients
Authors: Wang Chen Chia , Gupta Ashwin , Stone Michelle , Milovancev Monica , Townsend Kelsie , Zhao Shilin , Greeno Amber 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Our institution updated blunt liver and spleen injury (BLSI) protocols in 2019 in adherence to updated American Pediatric Surgery Association recommendations. This retrospective study compares resource utilization for pediatric BLSI patients treated under old and updated guidelines.

METHODS
Blunt liver and spleen injury patients without severe non-abdomen injuries younger than 18 years treated with prior (April 2015 to June 2019) and updated (June 2019 to December 2022) guidelines were retrospectively reviewed and compared. Each patient received an adjusted Injury Severity Score (ISS) to control for non-BLSI injuries. Multivariate analysis examined protocol group differences while controlling for adjusted ISS and BLSI grades. Primary outcomes were intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS), hospital LOS (analyzed using Cox regression), and patient costs (linear regression). Secondary outcomes include readmission in 2 weeks and death rates (logistic regression).

RESULTS
A total of 176 and 170 BLSI patients were treated with old and updated protocols, respectively. Patient demographics, average BLSI grade, and adjusted ISS were similar in both groups. Patients treated with old protocols indicate decreased hazard, showing significantly more days before ICU discharge (coefficient, −0.3868; p < 0.0009) and hospital discharge (coefficient, −0.5507; p < 0.0001). Patient costs (coefficient, 0.0921; p = 0.1874) trend toward being lower in the new protocol. Readmission rates were significantly higher in the new protocol (coefficient, −1.1731; p = 0.0465), and death rates (coefficient, 0.0519; p = 0.9710) were comparable.

CONCLUSIONS
Blunt liver and spleen injury patients treated under new American Pediatric Surgery Association guidelines compared with old guidelines had significant decreases in ICU and hospital LOS, a decreasing trend in costs, and comparable death rates but higher readmission rates. Future studies with larger sample sizes and detailed cost analysis would explore whether updated guidelines reduce patient costs and help elucidate the veracity or potential cause of the increased readmission rates.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level III.
Caregivers of People With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia
Authors: Meyer Oanh L. , Zheng Shichen , Alto Raquel , Tran Duyen , Luu San , Vu Uyen , Hinton Ladson , Harvey Danielle 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
Little is known about caregiving across the spectrum of cognitive impairment [mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia] and how early life and sociocultural factors affect caregiver health. In this study, we characterized differences between caregivers of those with MCI versus those with dementia.

Methods:
A total of 158 caregivers were enrolled in this cross-sectional study, most of whom were dementia caregivers (65%). Caregivers completed questionnaires on depressive symptoms, self-rated health (SRH), perceived burden and stress, as well as psychosocial and demographic measures.

Results:
Caregivers of those with MCI reported fewer depressive symptoms and lower stress and burden compared with dementia caregivers. In adjusted analyses caregivers with greater stress reported more depressive symptoms. For SRH, at lower stress levels, having a sibling die before age 18 (ie, early life adversity) was associated with poorer SRH; at higher stress levels, having early life adversity was associated with better SRH. At lower burden levels, more live births were associated with worse SRH; at higher burden levels, more live births were associated with better SRH.

Conclusions:
Early life factors are relevant for caregivers of those with cognitive impairment and targeted prevention and early intervention may be helpful in alleviating caregiver burden and stress.
Ancient occupation by humans leads to missing bird diversity in otherwise natural habitats
Authors: Murray Alexander H. , Frishkoff Luke O. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHabitat modification is responsible for substantial biodiversity declines, but communities vary in their tolerance to land-use change. One infrequently queried possibility is that historical factors determine the sensitivity of contemporary communities. We use bird community data from 54 studies across the world to test the hypothesis that pre-historic human presence reduced community sensitivity to land-use change by eliminating sensitive species in natural habitats. We find that pre-historic human population size correlates with reduced sensitivity of communities. Primary vegetation in areas with larger pre-historic human populations contain fewer species today, while species richness in structurally simple agriculture is unimpacted. The greatest signal of humans impacts dates back to 12,000 YBP suggesting that early humans may have caused even more widespread extinctions, than previously appreciated.One-Sentence SummaryAreas with high human population 12,000 years ago have less biodiversity today, but are more tolerant of habitat modification
The endophytic fungusSerendipita indicaalters auxin distribution inArabidopsis thalianaroots through alteration of auxin transport and conjugation to promote plant growth
Authors: Ortega-Villaizán Adrián González , King Eoghan , Patel Manish K. , Alonso Marta-Marina Pérez- , Scholz Sandra S. , Sakakibara Hitoshi , Kiba Takatoshi , Kojima Mikiko , Takebayashi Yumiko , Ramos Patricio , Morales-Quintana Luis , Breitenbach Sarah , Smolko Ana , Salopek-Sondi Branka , Bauer Nataša , Ludwig-Müller Jutta , Krapp Anne , Oelmüller Ralf , Vicente-Carbajosa Jesús , Pollmann Stephan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPlants share their habitats with a multitude of different microbes. This close vicinity promoted the evolution of inter-organismic interactions between plants and many different microorganisms that provide mutual growth benefits both to the plant and the microbial partner. The symbiosis ofArabidopsis thalianawith the beneficial root colonizing endophyteSerendipita indicarepresents a well-studied system. Co-colonization of Arabidopsis roots withS. indicasignificantly promotes plant growth. Due to the notable phenotypic alterations of fungus-infected root systems, the involvement of a reprogramming of plant hormone levels, especially that of indole-3-acetic acid, has been suggested earlier. However, until now, the molecular mechanism by whichS. indicapromotes plant growth remains largely unknown. This study used comprehensive transcriptomics, metabolomics, reverse genetics, and life cell imaging to reveal the intricacies of auxin-related processes that affect root growth in the symbiosis betweenA. thalianaandS. indica. Our experiments revealed the essential role of tightly controlled auxin conjugation in the plant–fungus interaction. It particularly highlighted the importance of twoGRETCHEN HAGEN 3(GH3) genes,GH3.5andGH3.17, for the fungus infection-triggered stimulation of biomass production, thus broadening our knowledge about the function of GH3s in plants. Furthermore, we provide evidence for the transcriptional alteration of thePIN2auxin transporter gene in roots of Arabidopsis seedlings infected withS. indicaand demonstrate that this transcriptional adjustment affects auxin signaling in roots, which results in increased plant growth.
Long-readde novoassembly of the red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) genome
Authors: González-Prendes Rayner , Pena Ramona Natacha , Richart Cristobal , Nadal Jesús , Ros-Freixedes Roger 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) is a popular game bird species that is in decline in several regions of southwestern Europe. The introduction of farm-reared individuals of a distinct genetic make-up in hunting reserves can result in genetic swamping of wild populations. Here we present ade novogenome assembly for the red-legged partridge based on long-read sequencing technology. The assembled genome size is 1.14 Gb, with scaffold N50 of 37.6 Mb and contig N50 of 29.5 Mb. Our genome is highly contiguous and contains 97.06% of complete avian core genes. Overall, quality of this genome assembly is equivalent to those available for other close relatives such as the Japanese quail or the chicken. This genome assembly will contribute to the understanding of genetic dynamics of wild populations of red-legged partridges with releases of farm-reared reinforcements and to appropriate management decisions of such populations.
The dilemma of underestimating freshwater biodiversity: morphological and molecular approaches
Authors: Schoenle Alexandra , Scepanski Dominik , Floß Alexander , Büchel Pascal , Koblitz Ann-Kathrin , Scherwaß Anja , Arndt Hartmut , Waldvogel Ann-Marie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Lower Rhine ecosystem has been extensively shaped by human activities, destroying, modifying, and even creating novel water bodies as habitats. Freshwater systems are hotspots of biodiversity and highly complex ecosystems. However, knowledge and description of its biodiversity across all trophic levels is still incomplete and the complexity of interactions remains unresolved, especially below the micro scale. This is even true for important international inland waterways such as the River Rhine. We here document the biodiversity of the Lower Rhine and associated water bodies, spanning from the level of protists up to the level of larger invertebrate predators and herbivores organized in faunal size classes (nano-, micro, meio- and macrofauna). This study is part of a long-term ecological research project (LTER-D REES). Our study includes two riprap sections of the river’s main channel, two oxbows and two gravel-pit lakes in the river’s flood plain. Diversity was assessed through morphotype richness and metabarcoding, as well as accounting for sediment composition.ResultsWe found high discrepancies between amplicon sequencing variants (ASVs) and morphotype richness in all size classes, as well as a problematic limitation of reference sequences from freshwater organisms in public databases. Irrespective of the size class, we observed habitat specific zoobenthos communities in each of the three investigated habitat types, with few taxa or taxonomic groups overlapping.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate the importance to integrate different methodologies and extend freshwater sequencing efforts for the assessment of biodiversity across all trophic levels, as particularly relevant for long term projects.
The effects of Paternal Radiofrequency Radiation Exposure on Sperm and Testicular Integrity in F1-Male Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Pandey Neelam , Giri Sarbani , Sharma GD 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe escalating prevalence of infertility and reproductive malignancies in the youth demographic warrants thorough investigation. The escalating ubiquity of communication devices, such as mobile phones and Wi-Fi, exposes individuals to unprecedented levels of Radiofrequency Radiation (RFR), raising concerns about its potential association with reproductive issues and cancer. In this study, we endeavored to elucidate the impact of RFR exposure on the fertility of F0 male Swiss albino mice, as well as the consequential effects on sperm quality and testicular morphology in F1 male mice during adulthood. F0 male mice were subjected to RFR exposure for 3 hours per day, twice daily, over a span of 35 days, followed by mating with naïve, unexposed females, culminating in a comprehensive endpoint evaluation. The repercussions of RFR exposure included a diminution in sperm count, heightened incidence of sperm defects, augmented DNA damage in both sperm and bone marrow cells, diminished sperm viability, and aberrations in testicular histology. Subsequent mating of exposed male mice with naïve females revealed no discernible effects on pregnancy outcomes, as indicated by the fertility index, litter size, and copulation index.Nevertheless, F1 male offspring exhibited a noteworthy reduction in sperm count and depletion of the germinal epithelium within seminiferous tubules in the testes. These findings propose that RFR exposure to F0 males may precipitate diminished sperm count in subsequent F1 generations, implicating the potential role of epigenetic modulation through the male germline.
Single NV in nanodiamond for quantum sensing of protein dynamics in an ABEL trap
Authors: Pérez Iván , Krueger Anke , Wrachtrup Jörg , Jelezko Fedor , Börsch Michael 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTEnzymes are cellular protein machines using a variety of conformational changes to power fast biochemical catalysis. Our goal is to exploit the single-spin properties of the luminescent NV (nitrogen-vacancy) center in nanodiamonds to reveal the dynamics of an active enzyme complex at physiological conditions with the highest spatio-temporal resolution. Specifically attached to the membrane enzyme FoF1-ATP synthase, the NV sensor will report the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-driven full rotation of Fomotor subunits in ten consecutive 36° steps. Conformational dynamics are monitored using either a double electron-electron resonance scheme or NV-magnetometry with optical readout or using NV-relaxometry with a superparamagnetic nanoparticle as the second marker attached to the same enzyme. First, we show how all photophysical parameters like individual size, charge, brightness, spectral range of fluorescence and fluorescence lifetime can be determined for the NV-center in a single nanodiamond held in aqueous solution by a confocal anti-Brownian electrokinetic trap (ABEL trap). Stable photon count rates of individual nanodiamonds and the absence of blinking allow for observation times of single nanodiamonds in solution exceeding hundreds of seconds. For the proposed quantum sensing of nanometer-sized distance changes within an active enzyme, we show that local magnetic field fluctuations can be detected all-optically by analyzing fluorescence lifetime changes of the NV-center in each nanodiamond in solution.
Supervised land- and water-based exercise intervention in women with fibromyalgia: CERT- based exercise study protocol of the al-Ándalus physical activity randomised controlled trial
Authors: Álvarez-Gallardo Inmaculada C. , Gavilán-Carrera Blanca , Carbonell-Baeza Ana , Segura-Jiménez Víctor , Camiletti-Moirón Daniel , Borges-Cosic Milkana , Aparicio Virginia , Delgado-Fernández Manuel 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundExercise is recommended for managing fibromyalgia; however, the scant details provided about exercise programs (EP) in the available literature make standardization, replicability, and interpretation of results difficult. The aim of the present report is to provide a comprehensive CERT (Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template)-based description of the rationale and details of the land- and water-based EP implemented in the al-Ándalus Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT).MethodsWomen aged 35-65 with fibromyalgia (n=180) were planned to be recruited in Southern Spain (Andalucía). The study design was composed of three groups: the usual care (control) group, the land- and the water-based supervised exercise intervention groups (n=60 for each group). Participants allocated in the exercise intervention groups undertook a 24-week supervised multicomponent (strength, aerobic and flexibility) EP (three non-consecutive sessions per week, 45-60 min/session). The rationale of the exercise program is described in detail following the CERT criteria detailing its 16 key items.DiscussionThis study details the supervised EP of the al-Ándalus RCT project, which may serve: 1) exercise professionals who would like to implement an evidence-based supervised EP for people with fibromyalgia in land- and water-based settings, and 2) as an example of the application of the CERT criteria.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov ID:NCT01490281
Large datasets from Electronic Health Records predict seizures after ischemic strokes: A Machine Learning approach
Authors: Lekoubou Alain , Petucci Justin , Ajala Temitope Femi , Katoch Avnish , Sen Souvik , Honavar Vasant 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo develop an artificial intelligence, machine learning prediction model for estimating the risk of seizures 1 year and 5 years after ischemic stroke (IS) using a large dataset from Electronic Health Records.BackgroundSeizures are frequent after ischemic strokes and are associated with increased mortality, poor functional outcomes, and lower quality of life. Separating patients at high risk of seizures from those at low risk of seizures is needed for treatment and clinical trial planning, but remains challenging. Machine learning (ML) is a potential approach to solve this paradigm.Design/MethodsWe identified patients (aged ≥18 years) with IS without a prior diagnosis of seizures from 2015 until inception (08/09/22) in the TriNetX Research Network, using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) I63, excluding I63.6 (venous infarction). The outcome of interest was any ICD-10 diagnosis of seizures (G40/G41) at 1 year and 5 years following the index IS. We applied a conventional logistic regression and a Light Gradient Boosted Machine algorithm to predict the risk of seizures at 1 year and 5 years. The performance of the model was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUROC), the area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC), F1 statistic, model accuracy, balanced accuracy, precision, and recall, with and without anti-seizure medication use in the models.ResultsOur study cohort included 430,254 IS patients. Seizures were present in 18,502 (4.3%) and (5.3%) patients within 1 and 5 years after IS, respectively. At 1-year, the AUROC, AUPRC, F1 statistic, accuracy, balanced-accuracy, precision, and recall were respectively 0.7854 (standard error: 0.0038), 0.2426 (0.0048), 0.2299 (0.0034), 0.8236 (0.001), 0.7226 (0.0049), 0.1415 (0.0021), and 0.6122, (0.0095). Corresponding metrics at 5 years were 0.7607 (0.0031), 0.247 (0.0064), 0.2441 (0.0032), 0.8125 (0.0013), 0.7001 (0.0045), 0.155 (0.002) and 0.5745 (0.0095).ConclusionOur findings suggest that ML models show good model performance for predicting seizures after IS.
PPTC7 limits mitophagy through proximal and dynamic interactions with BNIP3 and NIX
Authors: Wei Lianjie , Gok Mehmet Oguz , Svoboda Jordyn D. , Forny Merima , Friedman Jonathan R. , Niemi Natalie M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPPTC7 is a mitochondrial-localized PP2C phosphatase that maintains mitochondrial protein content and metabolic homeostasis. We previously demonstrated that knockout ofPptc7elevates mitophagy in a BNIP3– and NIX-dependent manner, but the mechanisms by which PPTC7 influences receptor-mediated mitophagy remain ill-defined. Here, we demonstrate that loss of PPTC7 upregulates BNIP3 and NIX post-transcriptionally and independent of HIF-1α stabilization. On a molecular level, loss ofPPTC7prolongs the half-life of BNIP3 and NIX while blunting their accumulation in response to proteasomal inhibition, suggesting that PPTC7 promotes the ubiquitin-mediated turnover of BNIP3 and NIX. Consistently, overexpression of PPTC7 limits the accumulation of BNIP3 and NIX protein levels in response to pseudohypoxia, a well-known inducer of mitophagy. This PPTC7-mediated suppression of BNIP3 and NIX protein expression requires an intact PP2C catalytic motif but is surprisingly independent of its mitochondrial targeting, indicating that PPTC7 influences mitophagy outside of the mitochondrial matrix. We find that PPTC7 exists in at least two distinct states in cells: a longer isoform, which likely represents full length protein, and a shorter isoform, which likely represents an imported, matrix-localized phosphatase pool. Importantly, anchoring PPTC7 to the outer mitochondrial membrane is sufficient to blunt BNIP3 and NIX accumulation, and proximity labeling and fluorescence co-localization experiments suggest that PPTC7 associates with BNIP3 and NIX within the native cellular environment. Importantly, these associations are enhanced in cellular conditions that promote BNIP3 and NIX turnover, demonstrating that PPTC7 is dynamically recruited to BNIP3 and NIX to facilitate their degradation. Collectively, these data reveal that a fraction of PPTC7 dynamically localizes to the outer mitochondrial membrane to promote the proteasomal turnover of BNIP3 and NIX.