bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Not in it for the money: Meaningful relationships sustain voluntary land conservation initiatives in Peru
Authors: López de la Lama Rocío , Bennett Nathan , Bulkan Janette , de la Puente Santiago , Chan Kai M. A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Voluntary land conservation, including privately protected areas (PPAs), is a key component of enabling the future of biodiversity on Earth. Accordingly, the question of motivations has preoccupied conservation social science. True motivations are difficult to ascertain, however, even for ourselves.

Accordingly, we explore a novel narrative elicitation approach to ask: what features of the land and landowners' relationships with the land encourage and sustain their commitment to voluntary conservation? What value framings are conveyed by landowners when sharing their origin stories and the reasons for sustaining such efforts?

We conducted semi‐structured interviews with 32 landowners of PPAs across Peru. Interviews were designed to elicit landowners' origin stories and ongoing relationships with the land, as well as the values they hold about those relationships.

This paper challenges the current perception that PPAs are driven by wealthy and foreign landowners in the Peruvian context. Instead, this paper showcases PPAs as the manifestation of local visions for conservation that align with the landowners' longstanding relationships with the land. Here we identified 15 different relational values that landowners have with nature, non‐human and human beings that underlie their voluntary conservation efforts.

The paper highlights the importance of taking a relational perspective (recognizing that our existence is enabled and shaped by the relationships we have with others and with nature) when studying land conservation, emphasizing how PPAs are the reflection of landowners' intention to maintain, protect and restore the multiple relationships embedded in the land they strive to conserve.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Manufacturing and mechanical properties of adjustable stiffness hierarchical orthogrid stiffened cylinders
Authors: Wang Yulin , Chen Yanhong , Qin Chengwei , Shi Zhiyuan , Li Huimin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractModular spacecraft offer promising prospects in the aerospace industry due to their ability to adapt to complex missions and diverse space environments. Nevertheless, such spacecraft may face load‐bearing structure adaptation issues caused by the changes in load demand when replacing sub‐modules for various missions. This necessitates the re‐design and manufacturing of load‐bearing structures, resulting in significant increases in product cycles and costs. To overcome this challenge, innovative composite hierarchical orthogrid stiffened cylinders (CHOSCs) which offer adjustable stiffness and strength to suit various mission requirements are proposed. To investigate the stiffness and strength adjustability, high‐precision composite orthogrid stiffened cylinder (COSC), CHOSC with three primary ribs (T‐CHOSC), and CHOSC with four primary ribs (F‐CHOSC) were manufactured and tested. The results demonstrate that CHOSCs exhibit stiffness and strength adjustability and significantly improve the cylinder's load‐bearing efficiency. Furthermore, a finite element model based on the Hashin damage criterion was employed to capture the end failure of the primary ribs and the local basic rib fractures near the cylinder end. CHOSCs present a feasible solution to the load‐bearing structure adaptation issues caused by the changes in load demand when replacing sub‐modules for various missions and hold significant potential for advancing the aerospace industry.Highlights
Composite hierarchical orthogrid stiffened cylinders (CHOSCs) are proposed.
High‐precision CHOSCs are manufactured by combined metal molds.
Load‐bearing capacity and failure behavior are investigated.
CHOSCs exhibit stiffness adjustability and load‐bearing efficiency.
CHOSCs could solve the structure adaptation issues in modular spacecraft.
Utilizing de‐inked paper sludge for sustainable production of medium‐density fiberboard: A comprehensive study
Authors: Ashori Alireza , Mahmoudi Najafi Seyed Heydar , Heydari Vahid , Besharatifar Kamran , Sharifi Taskouh Hamed , Maghsoodi Davood 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study investigated converting abundant paper mill waste, de‐inked paper sludge (DPS), into value‐added medium‐density fiberboard (MDF) panels. The objective was to repurpose this solid waste into a valuable material that aligns with the principles of a circular economy. Previous research has examined the addition of paper sludge to wood composites, but there is limited information on the specific incorporation of DPS into MDF production. This investigation offers new insights into this application. MDF panels were manufactured using hardwood fibers, with varying levels of urea‐formaldehyde resin (10% and 12% by weight) and different loadings of DPS (ranging from 0% to 50% by weight). X‐ray diffraction analysis revealed the presence of defective DPS fiber crystals. Contact angle measurements confirmed that DPS had poor wettability, corresponding to increased water absorption. As more DPS was incorporated, the mechanical properties of the panels progressively weakened due to defective fibers and poor adhesion between the fibers and the matrix. This was evident in scanning electron microscopy micrographs, which showed an escalation in interfacial flaws. Increasing the resin dosage noticeably improved the internal bond strength and reduced moisture uptake across all levels of DPS. However, at a DPS loading of 50%, the properties of the panels deteriorated by 36%–57% compared to the control MDF. Additionally, thickness swelling and water absorption increased significantly with higher DPS content, primarily due to the hydrophilic nature of the fibers. Based on optimization, it was determined that a DPS loading of 20% with a resin content of 12% provided the best balance between performance, waste utilization, cost, and moisture resistance. The reuse of abundant paper sludge supports the goals of a circular economy. However, strategies are required to tailor the processing methods and enable higher levels of recycled material without excessively compromising the key attributes of the product. Further research should focus on enhancing the quality of DPS and its compatibility with wood fibers and resin to enhance the performance of the composite material.Highlights
DPS from recycled paper mill assessed for MDF production with wood fibers and resin
Increasing DPS loading caused reductions in strength and adhesion of panels
Water absorption and thickness swelling markedly rose with more DPS addition
It was attributed to hydrophilic fibers and disrupted fiber‐matrix bonding
Optimal formulation was 20% DPS loading and 12% resin content, balancing performance, waste utilization, and cost.
Assessment of pharmacovigilance guidelines in the Southern African Development Community: A document review
Authors: Makhene Nokuthula L. , Steyn Hanlie , Vorster Martine , Lubbe Martha S. , Burger Johanita R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundLack of harmonization in pharmacovigilance (PV) practice in resource‐limited states in Africa has led to differentiation and marginalization, thus creating an environment where weak or absent PV systems may benefit from regional guidelines.PurposeTo compare the PV guidelines of Southern African Development Community (SADC) member states to international guidelines and identify areas for improvement for aligning PV practice within the SADC region.MethodsWe utilized a 73‐item checklist to assess the PV guidelines of the SADC member states. Checklist parameters were rated using binary scoring.ResultsOnly seven (Botswana, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe) of the 16 SADC member states had guidelines to assess. Of these, only four had supporting legislation. All seven national medicines regulatory authorities (NMRA)'s guidelines required reporting of local serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Four NMRAs implemented device vigilance; none specified submission timelines for ADRs associated with substandard or falsified medicines. Only three NMRAs required electronic transmission of individual case safety reports in the E2B format. Five NMRAs mandated safety monitoring during interventional clinical trials. Five NMRAs required aggregate reporting through periodic safety update reports. Only two NMRAs required submission of the development safety update report. Regarding risk management, four NMRAs required notification of actions taken by foreign NMRAs and four NMRAs expected to review Dear Healthcare Professional Letters before distribution by the marketing authorization holder.ConclusionsAreas for improvement of guidelines to establish common process standards and allow for synchronized submissions of comparable data to SADC NMRAs are provided.
Violent behavior in primary education: Evolution from 9 to 12 years old as a function of gender
Authors: López‐Goñi José J. , Haro Begoña , Peñalva‐Vélez Alicia , Vega‐Osés María Asunción 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe objectives of this study were to establish the frequency of violent behaviors present in primary education (PE), to determine differences based on students' grade and gender, and to assess the evolution of behaviors between the fourth and sixth grades of PE. The research design was a cohort longitudinal ex post facto study with three measures. Data was collected at three different moments across fourth, fifth, and sixth grades of PE. The sample was composed of all the students of three public centers located in three localities of Autonomous Community of Navarra (Northern Spain). The centers had to present similar characteristics to each other and to the population of Navarra. The first three centers contacted agreed to participate. The sample was composed of 236 students (110 girls) in PE. Students completed the instrument School Violence Questionnaire‐Revised. A descriptive analysis, a bivariate analysis, and a logistic regression model were performed. A gradual increase in the perception of different violent behaviors with differences between boys and girls was found. In fourth grade, there was hardly any perception of information and communication technology‐related violence; it then increased until sixth grade. Boys perceived more violence from teachers toward students and among peers. Girls perceived more violent behavior between fourth and fifth grade. Preventive interventions targeting digital violence should be developed at this stage. Considering the differences found according to gender and age, it is highlighted the need to train the educative community in different areas, such as emotional competencies, school coexistence, and the detection and prevention of violent behavior.
Behavior management training for teachers in the induction phase
Authors: McGuire Stacy N. , Xia Yan , Guzy Aleksandra , Akoto Talitha S. , Meadan Hedda 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTeachers in the induction phase (i.e., the first 3 years of teaching) can be underprepared to support students who engage in challenging behavior. This can be due to limited preservice education and ongoing professional development in behavior management. Yet, students who engage in challenging behavior are at an increased risk of being referred to intervention services and/or special education, especially at the elementary level. The purposes of this randomized‐controlled trial were to identify the effects of an online behavior management training on teachers in the induction phase, as well as their perceptions of the training. Findings revealed teachers in the intervention group showed significant increases in knowledge, application, and self‐efficacy in applying behavior management strategies. Social‐validity data indicated participants felt the training was highly acceptable, feasible, and effective.
Estimating disparities of prostate cancer burden and its attributable risk factors for males across the BRICS‐plus, 1990–2019: A comparable study of key nations with emerging economies
Authors: Luo Li‐Sha , Huang Jiao , Luan Hang‐Hang , Mubarik Sumaira , Zhong Quliang , Zeng Xian‐Tao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundsThe study aimed to analyze epidemiology burden of male prostate cancer across the BRICS‐plus, and identify potential risk factors by assessing the associations with age, period, birth cohorts and sociodemographic index (SDI).MethodsData were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The average annual percent change (AAPC) was calculated to assess long‐term trends, and age‐period‐cohort analysis was used to analyze these three effects on prostate cancer burden. Quantile regression was used to investigate the association between SDI and health outcomes.ResultsThe higher incidence and mortality were observed in Mercosur and SACU regions, increasing trends were observed in prostate cancer incidence in almost all BRICS‐plus countries (AAPC > 0), and EEU's grew by 24.31% (%AAPC range: ‐0.13–3.03). Mortality had increased in more than half of countries (AAPC > 0), and SACU grew by 1.82% (%AAPC range: 0.62–1.75). Incidence and mortality risk sharply increased with age across all BRICS‐plus countries and globally, and the peak was reached in the age group 80–84 years. Rate ratio (RR) of incidence increased with birth cohorts in all BRICS‐plus countries except for Kazakhstan where slightly decrease, while mortality RR decreased with birth cohort in most of BRICS‐plus countries. SDI presented significantly positive associations with incidence in 50 percentiles. The deaths attributable to smoking declined in most of BRICS‐plus nations, and many countries in China‐ASEAN‐FTA and EEU had higher values.ConclusionProstate cancer posed a serious public health challenge with an increasing burden among most of BRICS‐plus countries. Age had significant effects on prostate cancer burden, and recent birth cohorts suffered from higher incidence risk. SDI presented a positive relationship with incidence, and the smoking‐attributable burden was tremendous in China‐ASEAN‐FTA and EEU region. Secondary prevention should be prioritized in BRICS‐plus nations, and health policies targeting important populations should be strengthened based on their characteristics and adaptability.
Constructing efficient bacterial cell factories to enable one‐carbon utilization based on quantitative biology: A review
Authors: Song Yazhen , Feng Chenxi , Zhou Difei , Ma Zengxin , He Lian , Zhang Cong , Yu Guihong , Zhao Yan , Yang Song , Xing Xinhui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDeveloping methylotrophic cell factories that can efficiently catalyze organic one‐carbon (C1) feedstocks derived from electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide into bio‐based chemicals and biofuels is of strategic significance for building a carbon‐neutral, sustainable economic and industrial system. With the rapid advancement of RNA sequencing technology and mass spectrometer analysis, researchers have used these quantitative microbiology methods extensively, especially isotope‐based metabolic flux analysis, to study the metabolic processes initiating from C1 feedstocks in natural C1‐utilizing bacteria and synthetic C1 bacteria. This paper reviews the use of advanced quantitative analysis in recent years to understand the metabolic network and basic principles in the metabolism of natural C1‐utilizing bacteria grown on methane, methanol, or formate. The acquired knowledge serves as a guide to rewire the central methylotrophic metabolism of natural C1‐utilizing bacteria to improve the carbon conversion efficiency, and to engineer non‐C1‐utilizing bacteria into synthetic strains that can use C1 feedstocks as the sole carbon and energy source. These progresses ultimately enhance the design and construction of highly efficient C1‐based cell factories to synthesize diverse high value‐added products. The integration of quantitative biology and synthetic biology will advance the iterative cycle of understand–design–build–testing–learning to enhance C1‐based biomanufacturing in the future.
Teacher strategies to support student navigation of uncertainty: Considering the dynamic nature of scientific uncertainty throughout phases of sensemaking
Authors: Ha Heesoo , Chen Ying‐Chih , Park Jongchan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSensemaking has been advocated as a core practice of science education to support students in constructing their own understanding through a prolonged trajectory. However, the field lacks a discussion of teaching strategies that can better support students as they develop in the trajectory of sensemaking, which includes four phases: initial engagement with a driving question related to a target phenomenon; identification of incoherence and insufficiency in existing understanding; exploration of multiple resources to help develop plausible explanations; and synthesis of solutions and application of new understanding to interpret the target phenomenon. With the view that students' scientific uncertainty, including conceptual and epistemic uncertainties, can motivate or drive the trajectory of sensemaking coherent with students' understanding, this multiple case study examined how two science teachers, one from South Korea and one from the USA, supported students to navigate their scientific uncertainties to shape a trajectory of sensemaking that is coherent to them. Transcripts of video recordings of classroom discourses and student‐created artifacts were analyzed. We identified the dynamic nature of students' scientific uncertainties in the four phases and the teaching strategies in each phase. Three main findings emerged from this study: (1) student uncertainty as a key not only to initiate the trajectory of sensemaking meaningfully but also to continuously develop the trajectory along a coherent pathway, (2) conceptual and epistemic uncertainties having different roles in building different phases of sensemaking, and (3) teaching strategies that support student navigation of scientific uncertainty that drives the trajectory of sensemaking.
Structure‐Based Approaches for the Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease Inhibitors: Comparative Interactions Analysis, Pharmacophore Modeling and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Zerroug Enfale , Belaidi Salah , Chtita Samir , Tuffaha Ghada , AbulQais Faizan , Kciuk Mateusz , Dubey Amit , Taha Mutasem O. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDue to its significant role in neurodegeneration, Cyclin‐dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) has emerged as a potential target for addressing neuropathological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). The application of CDK5 inhibitors has demonstrated promise in the treatment of AD. This prompted us to model this interesting target using a computational workflow named Docking‐based Comparative Intermolecular Contacts Analysis (dbCICA). Approaches including 3D‐QSAR, genetic algorithm, and pharmacophore modeling were employed to discover new CDK inhibitors.
Remotely Controlled Electrochemical Degradation of Metallic Implants
Authors: Rivkin Boris , Akbar Farzin , Otto Martin , Beyer Lukas , Paul Birgit , Kosiba Konrad , Gustmann Tobias , Hufenbach Julia , Medina‐Sánchez Mariana 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBiodegradable medical implants promise to benefit patients by eliminating risks and discomfort associated with permanent implantation or surgical removal. The time until full resorption is largely determined by the implant's material composition, geometric design, and surface properties. Implants with a fixed residence time, however, cannot account for the needs of individual patients, thereby imposing limits on personalization. Here, an active Fe‐based implant system is reported whose biodegradation is controlled remotely and in situ. This is achieved by incorporating a galvanic cell within the implant. An external and wireless signal is used to activate the on‐board electronic circuit that controls the corrosion current between the implant body and an integrated counter electrode. This configuration leads to the accelerated degradation of the implant and allows to harvest electrochemical energy that is naturally released by corrosion. In this study, the electrochemical properties of the Fe‐30Mn‐1C/Pt galvanic cell model system is first investigated and high‐resolution X‐ray microcomputed tomography is used to evaluate the galvanic degradation of stent structures. Subsequently, a centimeter‐sized active implant prototype is assembled with conventional electronic components and the remotely controlled corrosion is tested in vitro. Furthermore, strategies toward the miniaturization and full biodegradability of this system are presented.
Manipulating Redox Homeostasis of Cancer Stem Cells Overcome Chemotherapeutic Resistance through Photoactivatable Biomimetic Nanodiscs
Authors: Wang Bo , Wang Wuwan , Xu Yunxue , Liu Renfa , Li Rui , Yang Peipei , Zhao Chenyang , Dai Zhifei , Wang Yong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTumor heterogeneity remains a significant obstacle in cancer therapy due to diverse cells with varying treatment responses. Cancer stem‐like cells (CSCs) contribute significantly to intratumor heterogeneity, characterized by high tumorigenicity and chemoresistance. CSCs reside in the depth of the tumor, possessing low reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and robust antioxidant defense systems to maintain self‐renewal and stemness. A nanotherapeutic strategy is developed using tumor‐penetrating peptide iRGD‐modified high‐density lipoprotein (HDL)‐mimetic nanodiscs (IPCND) that ingeniously loaded with pyropheophorbide‐a (Ppa), bis (2‐hydroxyethyl) disulfide (S‐S), and camptothecin (CPT) by synthesizing two amphiphilic drug‐conjugated sphingomyelin derivatives. Photoactivatable Ppa can generate massive ROS which as intracellular signaling molecules effectively shut down self‐renewal and trigger differentiation of the CSCs, while S‐S is utilized to deplete GSH and sustainably imbalance redox homeostasis by reducing ROS clearance. Simultaneously, the depletion of GSH is accompanied by the release of CPT, which leads to subsequent cell death. This dual strategy successfully disturbed the redox equilibrium of CSCs, prompting their differentiation and boosting the ability of CPT to kill CSCs upon laser irradiation. Additionally, it demonstrated a synergistic anti‐cancer effect by concurrently eliminating therapeutically resistant CSCs and bulk tumor cells, effectively suppressing tumor growth in CSC‐enriched heterogeneous colon tumor mouse models.