bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Habituation on Spatiotemporal Gait Measures in Younger Adults
Authors: Padilla Alejandra S. , Toepfer Max , Peer Alex , Ponto Kevin , Pickett Kristen A. , Mason Andrea H. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Virtual reality (VR) has potential benefits for training and rehabilitation (Lei et al., 2019; Rutkowski et al., 2020). In some instances, understanding how performance in VR relates to performance in the real world is a necessary step in building effective environments. This study was designed to determine whether gait in VR changes over time (adaptation), and whether it approaches natural environment performance over time (habituation). Nineteen young adults walked over a gait mat in a real hallway for five minutes and a virtual hallway for three 10-minute blocks. Results indicated that gait was significantly different in the natural environment compared to the first five minutes of immersion (p &lt; 0.05). Group averages also demonstrated that after 10–15 minutes of immersion, there was no statistical difference between the virtual and natural environments across any of the gait measures (p &gt; 0.05). However, individual differences in gait behavior were also evident. While some participants matched performance between virtual and natural environments by the end of the 30-minute session, others did not. These findings provide evidence that individuals adapt differently to motor tasks in VR and suggest that when gait is required in VR, the environment may need to be tailored to the individual to achieve desired outcomes.
Attic Black-Glazed Plates from Olbia Pontica
Authors: Chechulina Iryna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Attic black-glazed ware is undoubtedly a common material in the Northern Black Sea region. The majority of such finds can provide information for a profound understanding of ancient materials. Together with pottery decoration, the morphology of forms not only allows to determine the most correct dating for the particular ware, but also to identify dates for closed archaeological complexes and larger objects. For instance, specific types of pottery decoration, such as particular motifs or styles, can contribute to the dating process. This article presents the analysis of a specific group of glossed pottery – plates – covering roughly the time from the late Archaic to the Hellenistic period. Multiform plates and bowls were one of the most popular types of the black-glazed pottery.
5. The Voice Party
Authors: Lixenberg Lore 
Published: January 2024

In 2017 I launched a new political party, The Voice Party. This chapter, taking the structure of a polemical party political broadcast, explores the emergence of The Voice Party, as a political movement conceptualised as a participatory opera. Standing in the UK election of 2019, The Voice Party challenged conventional political structures by advocating for the central role of music in daily life and proposing the governance of society based on the laws of pure sound and music. By examining the activities and events surrounding The Voice Party's involvement in this particular UK general election, this chapter aims to provide an overview of The Voice Party manifesto points and their implications.
Drawing inspiration from the Deleuzian notion of 'Assemblage,' which emphasizes fluidity and connectivity, a future is envisioned, where musical performance intertwines with and shapes the fabric of society, rather than existing as a separate entity apart from it. It also investigates strategies for achieving this vision, considering how participatory musical principles can be integrated into political frameworks. This chapter aims to broaden the discourse on the intersection of arts and politics, prompting a reevaluation of traditional political engagement methods inviting readers to reimagine the potential outcomes that arise from placing music at the centre of political decision-making, utilising the transformative power of participatory opera in redefining political participation and fostering a re-evaluation of democratic systems.
11. The Environmental Sustainability of Symphony Orchestras
Authors: Skovbon Stine 
Published: January 2024

This chapter will be concerned with the importance of sustainability for classical music orchestras by addressing opportunities for symphony orchestras to become more sustainable, and indicating how enhancing environmental sustainability can be advantageous at the levels of both the individual orchestras and the classical music sector as a whole.
The chapter begins with an overview of the conditions in which symphony orchestras find themselves. The UN sustainable development goals are used as an example illustrating the general consensus that it is of great importance for organizations to engage in sustainable initiatives and why there seems to be an urgent need for increasing the environmental awareness within the classical music sector. The chapter continues with a brief overview of the factors that contribute most to the environmental impact of symphony orchestras, and then move on to discuss relevant initiatives developed by nonprofit charity organizations such as the UK-based Julie’s Bicycle, which offer useful suggestions for the music sector to reduce their environmental footprint. Finally, it is argued that prioritizing sustainable practices within symphony orchestras can serve as a means to safeguarding the future of classical music by making sure the values and endeavours of the sector regarding sustainability are in line with the goals set to address the ecological challenges for society as a whole.
Glacial Abrupt Climate Change as a Multiscale Phenomenon Resulting from Monostable Excitable Dynamics
Authors: Riechers Keno , Gottwald Georg , Boers Niklas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Paleoclimate proxies reveal abrupt transitions of the North Atlantic climate during past glacial intervals known as Dansgaard–Oeschger (DO) events. A central feature of DO events is a sudden warming of about 10°C in Greenland marking the beginning relatively mild phases termed interstadials. These exhibit gradual cooling over several hundred to a few thousand years until a final abrupt decline brings the temperatures back to cold stadial levels. As of now, the exact mechanism behind this millennial-scale variability remains inconclusive. Here, we propose an excitable model to explain Dansgaard–Oeschger cycles, where interstadials occur as noise-induced state-space excursions. Our model comprises the mutual multiscale interactions between four dynamical variables representing Arctic atmospheric temperatures, Nordic seas’ temperatures and sea ice cover, and the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. The model’s atmosphere–ocean heat flux is moderated by the sea ice, which in turn is subject to large perturbations dynamically generated by fast-evolving intermittent noise. If supercritical, perturbations trigger interstadial-like state-space excursions during which all four model variables undergo qualitative changes that consistently resemble the signature of interstadials in corresponding proxy records. As a physical intermittent process generating the noise, we propose convective events in the ocean or atmospheric blocking events. Our model accurately reproduces the DO cycle shape, return times, and the dependence of the interstadial and stadial durations on the background conditions. In contrast with the prevailing understanding that DO variability is based on bistability in the underlying dynamics, we show that multiscale, monostable excitable dynamics provides a promising alternative to explain millennial-scale climate variability associated with DO events.

Significance Statement
Recent research has highlighted the risk that some Earth system components might undergo abrupt and qualitative change in response to global warming. Proxy records provide evidence for past abrupt climatic changes fundamentally proving the possibility for highly nonlinear state transitions in the climate system. Understanding the dynamics that drove past changes of this kind may help to assess the risk of future tipping events. Here, we propose a new mechanism for the repeated sudden warming events over Greenland that punctuated the last glacial’s climate and reproduce the warmer interstadial intervals drawing on a multiscale, excitable conceptual climate model. Therein, the warmer intervals appear as state-space excursions following stochastic supercritical excitations caused by non-Gaussian noise, which is dynamically generated via fast intermittent dynamics.
Prediction of Diverse Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation in the GFDL SPEAR Model
Authors: Xiang Baoqiang , Wang Bin , Chen Guosen , Delworth Thomas L. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) is a primary source of predictability for summertime weather and climate on the subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) time scale. Using the GFDL SPEAR S2S prediction system, we evaluate the BSISO prediction skills based on 20-yr (2000–19) hindcast experiments with initializations from May to October. It is revealed that the overall BSISO prediction skill using all hindcasts reaches out to 22 days as measured by BSISO indices before the bivariate anomalous correlation coefficient (ACC) drops below 0.5. Results also show that the northeastward-propagating canonical BSISO (CB) event has a higher prediction skill than the northward dipole BSISO (DB) event (28 vs 23 days). This is attributed to CB’s more periodic nature, resulting in its longer persistence, while DB events are more episodic accompanied by a rapid demise after reaching maximum enhanced convection over the equatorial Indian Ocean. From a forecaster’s perspective, a precursory strong Kelvin wave component in the equatorial western Pacific signifies the subsequent development of a CB event, which is likely more predictable. Investigation of individual CB events shows a large interevent spread in terms of their prediction skills. For CB, the events with weaker and fluctuating amplitude during their lifetime have relatively lower prediction skills likely linked to their weaker convection–circulation coupling. Interestingly, the prediction skills of individual CB events tend to be relatively higher and less scattered during late summer (August–October) than those in early summer (May–July), suggestive of the seasonal modulation on the evolution and predictability of BSISO.

Significance Statement
The advance of subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) prediction largely depends on dynamical models’ ability to predict some major intrinsic modes in the climate system, including the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO). Using a newly developed S2S prediction system, we thoroughly evaluated its performance in predicting BSISO, and revealed the skill dependence on the BSISO propagation diversity. Here we provide physical explanations of what influences the BSISO predictions and identify different precursory signals for two types of BSISO, which have important implications for operational forecasts.
Regional Comparison of Performance between EnKF and EnOI in the North Pacific
Authors: Lee Seung-Tae , Cho Yang-Ki , Jung Jihun , Choi Byoung-Ju , Kim Young-Ho , Kim Sangil 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The North Pacific is divided into different regions based on ocean currents and sea surface temperature (SST) distribution. Data assimilation is a useful tool for generating accurate ocean estimates because of the limited availability of observational data. This study compared the performances of two data assimilation methods, ensemble optimal interpolation (EnOI) and ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF), in various North Pacific subregions using an ocean model configured with the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). Both methods assimilated spaceborne SST observations, and the simulation results varied by subregion. The study found that EnKF and EnOI methods performed better than the control model in all regions when compared against satellite SST. EnOI reproduced SST as well as EnKF and required fewer computational resources. However, EnOI performed worse than the control model at sea surface height (SSH) in the equatorial region, while EnKF’s performance improved. This was due to the crushed mean state in the EnOI, which used long-term historical data as an ensemble member. El Niño–Southern Oscillation at the equator drove substantial interannual variability that crushed the ensemble mean of SSH in the EnOI. It is crucial to use a suitable assimilation method for the target area, considering the regional properties of ocean variables. Otherwise, the performance of the assimilated model may be even worse than that of the control model. While EnKF is better suited for regions with high variability in ocean variables, EnOI requires fewer computational resources. Thus, it is crucial to use a suitable assimilation method for accurately predicting and understanding the dynamics of the North Pacific.
Extreme Weather Events and Expected Parental Roles in Bangladesh and Beyond: A Review of Literature
Authors: Atiqul Haq Shah Md , Arno Arnika Tabassum , Aziz Lalin Shamim Al , Ahmed Mufti Nadimul Quamar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Extreme weather events (EWEs) linked to climate change are expected to increase in frequency in the coming years, putting the entire world in danger. Parents exert a significant influence on the lives of their children and the overall function of the family unit. However, natural disasters have a significant impact on daily life and pose an immediate danger, resulting in loss of life, injuries, and property damage. In addition, disasters can also have an impact on the responsibilities that parents play in their house. This study examines the evolving dynamics of parental roles in the context of EWEs, examining the shifting expectations and actual realities of fatherhood and motherhood. The study examines the various effects of EWEs on family structures, gender roles, and parental obligations by conducting a comprehensive review of 30 relevant articles. Our findings indicate that in severe weather conditions, men tend to adopt the position of “father” and are perceived as heroic figures, rescuers, and guardians/protectors who prioritize the well-being of their children and families, as well as take on financial obligations. On the other hand, women are often viewed as caregivers/rescuers/victims during such conditions. Moreover, in many countries, women are expected to care for other family members, including younger children and the elderly, which may limit their mobility during severe weather. Extreme weather conditions affect men and women differently, and there may also be significant differences in gender-related expectations and dimensions within a country. It is therefore essential to thoroughly study how these roles change in response to extreme weather events. We recommend conducting additional rigorous studies, both quantitative and qualitative, to comprehensively examine this relationship. This study will aid in designing initiatives aimed at fostering parenting attributes, particularly in regions susceptible to disasters.
A hospital-wide group approach to promote open dialogues of workplace issues and staff wellbeing with Schwartz Rounds
Authors: Leung Kelvin CY , Lele Kiran , Peisah Carmelle 
Published: January 2024

Objectives This study aims to explore the feasibility and impact of Schwartz Rounds® led by psychiatrists/mental health professionals in an urban Australian public hospital setting and to develop strategies for optimising participants’ experiences. Methods Being a mixed-methods study collecting qualitative and quantitative data through post-Rounds evaluation surveys, this study thematically analysed responses from 105 participants attending four consecutive monthly Rounds between February and May 2023 to assess the perceived benefits and challenges of Schwartz Rounds. Results Respondents highly valued the Rounds and felt cared for by the healthcare organisation. Themes related to perceived benefits included (i) Connectedness and shared experience; (ii) Understanding other professionals; (iii) Normalisation of emotional distress, validation and a safe space for vulnerability; and (iv) Fostering authenticity and humanitarian aspects of healthcare. Challenges included (i) Fear of exposure and judgment; (ii) Emotional discomfort; (iii) Unfamiliarity with reflection; and (iv) Safety concerns. Conclusions This study suggests acceptability and feasibility of implementing Schwartz Rounds within an Australian public health setting, particularly when facilitated by skilled mental health professionals. The outcomes provide preliminary support for the use of group interventions to enhance staff collegiality and culture in healthcare settings, thereby addressing critical needs for health professional wellbeing.
Monoclonal Antibody Infusions for Outpatient Management of Mild-Moderate COVID-19
Authors: Knox Hannah B. , Dykes Lisa A. , Scott Lancer A. , Presley Bradley C. , Lambert Lara C. 
Published: January 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a rapid, exponential increase in hospitalizations and morbidity/mortality. In November 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs) permitting administration of the first monoclonal antibodies (mAb) for outpatient treatment of COVID-19. Early data showed a reduction in COVID-19-related hospitalizations with few adverse events. However, since these treatments are only authorized under an EUA, real-world data are minimal. Objective: To assess efficacy and safety of mAbs in a veteran population. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed veterans at the Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Health Care System with mild-moderate COVID-19 and screened for mAb eligibility between December 1, 2020, and October 31, 2021. The primary outcome was hospitalizations and/or emergency department (ED) visits within 30 days. Secondary outcomes included 30-day mortality and post-COVID-19 conditions. Adverse events were also evaluated. Outcomes were compared between mAb-treated patients and eligible veterans who were not treated. Results: There were 296 and 275 veterans in the mAb and control groups, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found for the primary outcome overall (25.7% vs 25.1%; P = 0.87), nor for COVID-19-related return visits or hospitalizations (13.9% v. 16%; P = 0.4). However, the mAb group had more return ED visits ( P = 0.35), and the control group had significantly more hospitalizations ( P = 0.02). Vaccinated veterans who received an mAb had fewer return visits and hospitalizations ( P = 0.01). More mAb-treated veterans experienced post-COVID-19 conditions. No difference in mortality was found. Four nonsevere adverse events occurred after the mAb therapy. Conclusion and relevance: Overall, the mAbs appeared safe and effective. Sicker, higher-risk mAb-treated veterans faired similarly to less-sick, high-risk veterans not treated. Those who were vaccinated seemed to benefit the most from mAb therapy. Future prospective studies with more matched groups are needed to assess full benefits and risks of mAbs shown to neutralize the predominant variants.
Patterns of multimorbidity in primary care electronic health records: A systematic review
Authors: Beridze Giorgi , Abbadi Ahmad , Ars Joan , Remelli Francesca , Vetrano Davide L , Trevisan Caterina , Pérez Laura-Mónica , López-Rodríguez Juan A , Calderón-Larrañaga Amaia 
Published: January 2024

Background Multimorbidity, the coexistence of multiple chronic conditions in an individual, is a complex phenomenon that is highly prevalent in primary care settings, particularly in older individuals. This systematic review summarises the current evidence on multimorbidity patterns identified in primary care electronic health record (EHR) data. Methods Three databases were searched from inception to April 2022 to identify studies that derived original multimorbidity patterns from primary care EHR data. The quality of the included studies was assessed using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Results Sixteen studies were included in this systematic review, none of which was of low quality. Most studies were conducted in Spain, and only one study was conducted outside of Europe. The prevalence of multimorbidity (i.e. two or more conditions) ranged from 14.0% to 93.9%. The most common stratification variable in disease clustering models was sex, followed by age and calendar year. Despite significant heterogeneity in clustering methods and disease classification tools, consistent patterns of multimorbidity emerged. Mental health and cardiovascular patterns were identified in all studies, often in combination with diseases of other organ systems (e.g. neurological, endocrine). Discussion These findings emphasise the frequent coexistence of physical and mental health conditions in primary care, and provide useful information for the development of targeted preventive and management strategies. Future research should explore mechanisms underlying multimorbidity patterns, prioritise methodological harmonisation to facilitate the comparability of findings, and promote the use of EHR data globally to enhance our understanding of multimorbidity in more diverse populations.
Conformational activation and inhibition of von Willebrand factor by targeting its autoinhibitory module
Authors: Arce Nicholas A. , Markham-Lee Zoe , Liang Qian , Najmudin Shabir , Legan Emily R. , Dean Gabrielle , Su Ally J. , Wilson Moriah S. , Sidonio Robert F. , Lollar Pete , Emsley Jonas , Li Renhao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Activation of von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a tightly controlled process governed primarily by local elements around its A1 domain. Recent studies suggest that the O-glycosylated sequences flanking the A1 domain constitute a discontinuous and force-sensitive autoinhibitory module (AIM), although its extent and conformation remains controversial. Here, we used a targeted screening strategy to identify 2 groups of nanobodies. One group, represented by clone 6D12, is conformation insensitive and binds the N-terminal AIM (NAIM) sequence that is distal from A1; 6D12 activates human VWF and induces aggregation of platelet-rich plasma at submicromolar concentrations. The other group, represented by clones Nd4 and Nd6, is conformation sensitive and targets the C-terminal AIM (CAIM). Nd4 and Nd6 inhibit ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation and reduce VWF-mediated platelet adhesion under flow. A crystal structure of Nd6 in complex with AIM-A1 shows a novel conformation of both CAIM and NAIM that are primed to interact, providing a model of steric hindrance stabilized by the AIM as the mechanism for regulating GPIbα binding to VWF. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry analysis shows that binding of 6D12 induces the exposure of the GPIbα-binding site in the A1 domain, but binding of inhibitory nanobodies reduces it. Overall, these results suggest that the distal portion of NAIM is involved in specific interactions with CAIM, and binding of nanobodies to the AIM could either disrupt its conformation to activate VWF or stabilize its conformation to upkeep VWF autoinhibition. These reported nanobodies could facilitate future studies of VWF functions and related pathologies.