bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infantile allergic diseases: a cohort study prenatal fish intake and mercury exposure context
Authors: Shah Surabhi , Kim Hae Soon , Hong Yun-Chul , Park Hyesook , Ha Mina , Kim Yangho , Lee Ji Hyen , Ha Eun-Hee 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Allergic diseases (ADs) have been increasingly reported in infants and children over the last decade. Diet, especially the inclusion of fish intake, may help to lower the risk of ADs. However, fish also, can bioaccumulate environmental contaminants such as mercury. Hence, our study aims to determine what effects the type and frequency of fish intake have on ADs in six-month-old infants, independently and jointly with mercury exposure.

Methods
This study is part of the prospective birth cohort: Mothers and Children’s Environmental Health (MOCEH) study in South Korea. Data was collected on prenatal fish intake, prenatal mercury concentration and ADs for infants aged six months for 590 eligible mother-infant pairs. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the risk of prenatal fish intake and mercury concentration on ADs in infants. Finally, interaction between fish intake and mercury concentration affecting ADs in infants was evaluated. Hazard ratios of prenatal fish intake on ADs in 6 month old infants were calculated by prenatal mercury exposure.

Results
Logistic regression analysis showed that white fish (OR: 0.53; 95% CI 0.30–0.94; P < 0.05) intake frequency, once a week significantly decreased the risk of ADs in infants. Stratification analysis showed that consuming white fish once a week significantly reduced the hazard of ADs (HR: 0.44; 95% CI 0.21–0.92; P < 0.05) in infants in the high-mercury (≥ 50th percentile) exposure group.

Conclusion
The result indicates that prenatal white fish intake at least once a week reduces the risk of ADs in infants, especially in the group with high prenatal mercury exposure.
The impact of workplace violence on job burnout among Chinese correctional officers: the chain mediating effects of stress and insomnia
Authors: Wang Jizhi , Huang Ying , Wang Siyuan , Zhang Zheng , He Yuqiong , Wang Xiaoping , Guo Huijuan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The risk of workplace violence and job burnout among Chinese correctional officers is high. Stress and insomnia may influence the relationship between workplace violence and job burnout; however, this influence has been rarely studied. This study aimed to explore the effect of workplace violence on job burnout among Chinese correctional officers and to assess the contribution of stress and insomnia to this effect.

Methods
In this study, the workplace violence scale, the Assens insomnia scale, the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey scale were used to assess the workplace violence, insomnia, stress, and job burnout experienced by the 472 correctional officers, respectively.

Results
The results showed that (1) workplace violence was significantly and positively predictive of job burnout, (2) workplace violence affected job burnout through the mediation of stress, (3) workplace violence affected job burnout through the mediation of insomnia, and (4) stress and insomnia played fully interlocking mediating roles in the effect of workplace violence on job burnout.

Conclusion
Stress and insomnia may play a full mediating role in the relationship between workplace violence and job burnout. This suggested that correctional officers may take measures to reduce stress and improve insomnia, thereby reducing their job burnout. Further research may focus on the development of effective interventions to reduce stress and improve insomnia among correctional officers.
Burden of silica-attributed pneumoconiosis and tracheal, bronchus & lung cancer for global and countries in the national program for the elimination of silicosis, 1990–2019: a comparative study
Authors: Min Lingfeng , Mao Yiyang , Lai Hanpeng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
In industries worldwide, crystalline silica is pervasive and poses risks of pneumoconiosis and respiratory malignancies, with the latter being a knowledge gap in disease burden research that this study aims to address. By integrating both diseases, we also seek to provide an in-depth depiction of the silica-attributed disease burden.

Methods
Data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 were extracted to analyze the disease burden due to silica exposure. The trends of age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) from 1990 to 2019, as well as the age-specific number and rate of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 1990 and 2019, were presented using GraphPad Prism software. The average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) on ASMR and ASDR were calculated using joinpoint regression models.

Results
The global trends of disease burden due to silica exposure from 1990 to 2019 showed a significant decrease, with AAPCs on ASMR and ASDR of -1.22 (-1.38, -1.06) and − 1.18 (-1.30, -1.05), respectively. Vietnam was an exception with an unprecedented climb in ASMR and ASDR in general over the years. The age-specific deaths and DALYs mainly peaked in the age group 60–64. In comparison to 1990, the number of deaths and DALYs became higher after 45 years old in 2019, while their rates stayed consistently lower in 2019. Males experienced an elevated age-specific burden than females. China’s general age-standardized burden of pneumoconiosis and tracheal, bronchus & lung (TBL) cancer ranked at the forefront, along with the highest burden of pneumoconiosis in Chilean males and South African females, as well as the prominent burden of TBL cancer in Turkish males, Thai females, and overall Vietnamese. The age-specific burden of TBL cancer surpassed that of pneumoconiosis, and a delay was presented in the pneumoconiosis pinnacle burden compared to the TBL cancer. Besides, the burden of pneumoconiosis indicated a sluggish growth trend with advancing age.

Conclusion
Our research highlights the cruciality of continuous enhancements in occupational health legislation for countries seriously suffering from industrial silica pollution and the necessity of prioritizing preventive measures for male workers and elderly retirees.
Effects of sustained natural apophyseal glides versus rocabado 6 × 6 program in subjects with cervicogenic headache
Authors: Murtza Sadia , Noor Rabiya , Bashir Muhammad Salman , Ikram Mehwish 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Cervicogenic headache is designated as the most common type of secondary headache that results from conditions affecting the neck’s bony components, muscles, and intervertebral discs rather than the head itself.

Objective
The purpose was to determine the effects of Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glides (SNAGs) versus the Rocabado 6 × 6 program in subjects with cervicogenic headaches.

Methods
This study was a randomized clinical trial. The sample size was 38, and participants aged 20–60 years (mean age 40.22 ± 9.66) suffering from cervicogenic headaches were randomly allocated using the lottery method into two groups with 19 participants in each group. Assessment of subjects was done before starting treatment and by the end of the 8th week for all the variables. Outcome measures were the Neck Disability Index (NDI), 6-item Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), Flexion-Rotation test (FRT) to assess the rotation range of motion at the level of C1-C2 (goniometer) and the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) for the intensity of pain. Data analysis was done by SPSS (IBM) 25. To check the normality of the data the Shapiro-Wilk test was used.

Results
In the Shapiro-Wilk test p-value of all the testing variables i.e. NDI, HIT-6 score, FRT and NPRS was > 0.05, data was normally distributed and parametric tests were used. Group A showed a considerable improvement (p < 0.05) in all variables compared to Group B, while within-group analysis of both groups shows that all outcome measures show significant results (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
It was concluded that both SNAGs and Rocabado’s 6 × 6 exercises were effective for the treatment of cervicogenic headache but the effects of headache SNAG were superior and produced more improvement in intensity of headache, disability, frequency of headache, duration of headache as compared to Rocabado 6 × 6 exercises.

Trial registration number
This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05865808 on date 19/05/2023.
Analysis of the cytotoxicity and bioactivity of CeraSeal, BioRoot™ and AH Plus® sealers in pre-osteoblast lineage cells
Authors: de Almeida-Junior Luciano Aparecido , de Campos Chaves Lamarque Giuliana , Herrera Henry , Arnez Maya Fernanda Manfrin , Lorencetti-Silva Francine , Silva Raquel Assed Bezerra , Silva Léa Assed Bezerra , Paula-Silva Francisco Wanderley Garcia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of the present study was to evaluate in vitro the cytotoxicity and bioactivity of various endodontic sealers (CeraSeal, BioRoot™ and AH Plus®) in pre-osteoblast mouse cells (MC3T3 cells).MethodsMC3T3 cells (ATCC CRL-2594) were plated in 1 × 104cells/well in 96-well plates in contact with endodontic sealers at concentrations of 1:10 and 1:100. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay after 24 and 48 h. In addition, sealer bioactivity was measured by RT-PCR for mediator of inflammation (Tnf, Ptgs2) and mineralization (Runx2, Msx1, Ssp1 and Dmp1) after 24 h and by Alizarin Red S Assay of mineralization after 28 days. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey’s post-test at a significance level of 5%.ResultsBioRoot™ presented 24-hour cytotoxicity (p < 0.05) at 1:10 concentration. In the period of 48 h, no endodontic cement was cytotoxic to the cells compared to the control (p > 0.05). TNF-α gene expression was induced by AH Plus®(p < 0.05), whilePtgs2was induced by the CeraSeal and BioRoot™ (p < 0.05). The expression ofRunx2was stimulated by BioRoot™ and AH Plus®(p < 0.05). In contrast, the expression ofDmp-1Dmp1 was higher for the CeraSeal and BioRoot™ (p < 0.05). Nonetheless, the sealers did not impact the formation of mineralization nodules (p > 0.05).ConclusionCeraSeal, BioRoot™ and AH Plus®sealers were not cytotoxic to MC3T3 cells within 48 h, but differentially induced the expression of genes related to inflammation and mineralization without impacting biomineralization by the cells.
Insights from semi-structured interviews on integrating artificial intelligence in clinical chemistry laboratory practices
Authors: Jafri Lena , Farooqui Arsala Jameel , Grant Janet , Omer Usmaan , Gale Rodney , Ahmed Sibtain , Khan Aysha Habib , Siddiqui Imran , Ghani Farooq , Majid Hafsa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Artificial intelligence (AI) is gradually transforming the practises of healthcare providers. Over the last two decades, the advent of AI into numerous aspects of pathology has opened transformative possibilities in how we practise laboratory medicine. Objectives of this study were to explore how AI could impact the clinical practices of professionals working in Clinical Chemistry laboratories, while also identifying effective strategies in medical education to facilitate the required changes.

Methods
From March to August 2022, an exploratory qualitative study was conducted at the Section of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan, in collaboration with Keele University, Newcastle, United Kingdom. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect information from diverse group of professionals working in Clinical Chemistry laboratories. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. They were asked what changes AI would involve in the laboratory, what resources would be necessary, and how medical education would assist them in adapting to the change. A content analysis was conducted, resulting in the development of codes and themes based on the analyzed data.

Results
The interviews were analysed to identify three primary themes: perspectives and considerations for AI adoption, educational and curriculum adjustments, and implementation techniques. Although the use of diagnostic algorithms is currently limited in Pakistani Clinical Chemistry laboratories, the application of AI is expanding. All thirteen participants stated their reasons for being hesitant to use AI. Participants stressed the importance of critical aspects for effective AI deployment, the need of a collaborative integrative approach, and the need for constant horizon scanning to keep up with AI developments.

Conclusions
Three primary themes related to AI adoption were identified: perspectives and considerations, educational and curriculum adjustments, and implementation techniques. The study’s findings give a sound foundation for making suggestions to clinical laboratories, scientific bodies, and national and international Clinical Chemistry and laboratory medicine organisations on how to manage pathologists’ shifting practises because of AI.
Analysis of shade-matching ability in dental students: a comparative study under clinical and correcting light conditions
Authors: Jouhar Rizwan , Ahmed Muhammad Adeel , Heboyan Artak , Faheemuddin Muhammad , Mosaddad Seyed Ali , Ahmed Naseer 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Selecting the ideal tooth shade is essential to the success of aesthetic dental restorations. Students’ cognitive abilities are involved in the multifaceted and intricate process of shade matching. Hence, the present study aimed to assess and compare the shade-matching ability of undergraduate dental students in various years of dental education under clinical and correcting light.

Methods
This comparative cross-sectional study was instigated amongst male 4th, 5th, and 6th-year students of the dental complex of King Faisal University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A total of 72 male dental students assessed the shade under clinical (fluorescent light) and correcting light (handheld Dental Base Light) by using VITA Classical shade guides. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 23 (Armonk, NY, USA). The Chi-square test was used to evaluate the association between correct and incorrect shade matching under correcting and clinical light.

Results
Out of 72 male students, 22(30.6%) were from the 4th year, 26(36.1%) were from the 5th year, and 24(33.3%) were from the 6th year, with a mean age of 22.92 ± 1.01 years. The majority of the 6th-year students selected shade of anterior tooth # 11 correctly under clinical and correcting light, and 3(12.5%) students selected incorrectly under clinical and correcting light, with a statistically significant association among them (p = 0.004). As far as the shade selection of the posterior tooth is concerned, a statistically significant difference was observed under clinical light among all clinical students (p = 0.008).

Conclusion
The clinical performance of dental students in shade matching improved with advancing years of dental education. Additionally, the shade matching ability of all groups of dental students was superior under correcting light compared to conditions under clinical light.
A phenomenological study of the experiences of nurses working in integrated nursing care wards in Korea
Authors: Cho Young-mi , Kim Sun-hui 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to understand the experiences of nurses working in the integrated nursing care service, a relatively recent addition to the Korean hospital infrastructure, to suggest ways in which to address their grievances and needs and improve their job satisfaction, thereby reducing turnover.

Methods
This study adopted a qualitative approach to explore subjects’ vivid experiences. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 17 nurses with over one year of experience working in integrated nursing care wards. The main question asked was “Can you describe your experiences in the integrated nursing care ward?” All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using Colaizzi’s method for phenomenological research.

Results
Six theme clusters were derived from the analysis: “distorted perceptions of the integrated nursing care ward,” “challenges owing to distorted perceptions of the integrated nursing care ward,” “loneliness and fighting alone,” “being ridiculed,” “practicing textbook holistic care,” and “the satisfaction felt only in the integrated nursing care ward.” For the overarching theme, we identified “Satisfaction in providing holistic care despite the challenges.”

Conclusions
While working in the integrated nursing care ward, nurses practiced holistic nursing care, which in turn built their self-esteem. However, they experienced greater levels of stress as a result of misinformation. Therefore, dissemination of accurate information is necessary to correct public misunderstandings of the integrated nursing care wards. Further, adequate compensation and support systems are needed to relieve the stress nurses felt because of such misunderstandings. Additionally, nurses should be motivated to continue to provide quality care for the patients and take pride in their work. Future research should explore the physical and mental concerns of nurses working in integrated care wards.
Physicochemical characterization of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) produced by the rare halophile Brachybacterium paraconglomeratum MTCC 13074
Authors: Mandragutti Teja , Jarso Tura Safawo , Godi Sudhakar , Begum S Sharmila , K Beulah 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Polyhydroxybutyrate is a biopolymer produced by bacteria and archaea under nitrogen-limiting conditions. PHB is an essential polymer in the bioplastic sector because of its biodegradability, eco-friendliness, and adaptability. The characterization of PHB is a multifaceted process for studying the structure and its properties. This entire aspect can assure the long-term viability and performance attributes of the PHB. The characteristics of PHB extracted from the halophile Brachybacterium paraconglomeratum were investigated with the objective of making films for application in healthcare.

Results
This was the first characterization study on PHB produced by a rare halophile, Brachybacterium paraconglomeratum (MTCC 13074). In this study, the strain produced 2.72 g/l of PHB for.5.1 g/l of biomass under optimal conditions. Methods are described for the determination of the physicochemical properties of PHB. The prominent functional groups CH3 and C = O were observed by FT-IR and the actual chemical structure of the PHB was deduced by NMR. GCMS detects the confirmation of four methyl ester derivatives of the extracted PHB in the sample. Mass spectrometry revealed the molecular weight of methyl 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3HB) present in the extract. The air-dried PHB films were exposed to TGA, DSC and a universal testing machine to determine the thermal profile and mechanical stability. Additionally, the essential property of biopolymers like viscosity was also assessed for the extracted PHB.

Conclusions
The current study demonstrated the consistency and quality of B. paraconglomeratum PHB. Therefore, Brachybacterium sps are also a considerable source of PHB with desired characteristics for industrial production.
Disparities in the association between ambient temperature and preterm birth according to individual and regional characteristics: a nationwide time-stratified case-crossover study
Authors: Min Jieun , Lee Whanhee , Oh Jongmin , Kwag Youngrin , Kim Eunji , Kim Joyce Mary , Lee Kyung A , Ha Eunhee 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Several studies have reported that climate change elevates heat exposure in pregnant women and high temperatures during pregnancy are associated with preterm births (PTBs). Although the association might be disproportionate, related evidence remains sparse. We evaluated the disproportionate risk of PTB associated with ambient temperature during pregnancy by individual and regional characteristics in South Korea.

Methods
We collected data on birth certificates and daily mean temperatures during the period from 2011 to 2019. A time-stratified case-crossover design was used to investigate the association between temperature and PTB and stratified analyses were conducted to examine the effect modification of individual and regional characteristics.

Results
A total of 160,067 singleton PTBs were recorded in Korea from 2011 to 2019. A 5℃ increase in the mean temperature during the last four weeks before delivery was associated with an increased risk of PTB with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02, 1.05), and the association was more evident in mothers aged ≥35 years (OR: 1.06 [95% CI: 1.03, 1.10]) and with low education levels (OR: 1.04 [95% CI: 1.02, 1.05]). Additionally, the estimated risk was evident in districts with lower medical resources and more prominent disparities were shown by individual and regional characteristics in rural areas than in urban areas.

Conclusions
This study provides evidence that the risk of PTB related to ambient temperature is disproportionate by individual and regional characteristics and suggests the need for public health policies to alleviate the disparities, especially in rural areas.
Assessing the impact of public funding in alleviating participant reduction and improving the retention rate in methadone maintenance treatment clinics in Taiwan: an interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Chung Yu-Chu Ella , Tung Yu-Chi , Wang Sheng-Chang , Huang Chieh-Liang , Chen Lian-Yu , Chen Wei J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Given the steady decline in patient numbers at methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) clinics in Taiwan since 2013, the government initiated Patients’ Medical Expenditure Supplements (PMES) in January 2019 and the MMT Clinics Accessibility Maintenance Program (MCAM) in September 2019. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the PMES and MCAM on the enrollment and retention of patients attending MMT clinics and whether there are differential impacts on MMT clinics with different capacities.

Methods
The monthly average number of daily participants and 3-month retention rate from 2013 to 2019 were extracted from MMT databases and subjected to single interrupted time series analysis. Pre-PMES (from February 2013 to December 2018) was contrasted with post-PMES, either from January 2019 to December 2019 for clinics funded solely by the PMES or from January 2019 to August 2019 for clinics with additional MCAM. Pre-MCAM (from January 2019 to August 2019) was contrasted with post-MCAM (from September 2019 to December 2019). Based on the monthly average number of daily patients in 2018, each MMT clinic was categorized as tiny (1–50), small (51–100), medium (101–150), or large (151–700) for subsequent stratification analysis.

Results
In terms of participant numbers after the PMES intervention, a level elevation and slope increase were detected in the clinics at every scale except medium in MMT clinics funded solely by PMES. In MMT clinics with subsequent MCAM, a level elevation was only detected in small-scale clinics, and a slope increase in the participant numbers was detected in tiny- and small-scale clinics. The slope decrease was also detected in medium-scale clinics. In terms of the 3-month retention rate, a post-PMES level elevation was detected at almost every scale of the clinics, and a slope decrease was detected in the overall and tiny-scale clinics for both types of clinics.

Conclusions
Supplementing the cost of a broad treatment repertoire enhances the enrollment of people with heroin use in MMTs. Further funding of human resources is vital for MMT clinics to keep up with the increasing numbers of participants and their retention.