bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current status of total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation for chronic and recurrent acute pancreatitis
Authors: Yamane Kei , Anazawa Takayuki , Nagai Kazuyuki , Ito Takashi , Hatano Etsuro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTotal pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TPIAT) is an established and effective treatment modality for patients diagnosed with intractable chronic pancreatitis (CP) and recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP). TPIAT primarily aims to manage debilitating pain leading to impaired quality of life among patients with CP or RAP, which can be successfully managed with medical, endoscopic, or surgical interventions. TPIAT is significantly successful in relieving pain associated with CP and improving health‐related quality of life outcomes. Furthermore, the complete loss of pancreatic endocrine function attributed to total pancreatectomy (TP) can be compensated by autologous islet transplantation (IAT). Patients receiving IAT can achieve insulin independence or can be less dependent on exogenous insulin compared with those receiving TP alone. Historically, TPIAT has been mainly used in the United States, and its outcomes have been improving due to technological advancements. Despite some challenges, TPIAT can be a promising treatment for patients with CP‐related intractable pain. Thus far, TPIAT is not commonly performed in Japan. Nevertheless, it may improve health‐related quality of life in Japanese patients with CP, similar to Western patients. This review article aimed to provide an overview of the indications, related procedures, and outcomes of TPIAT and to discuss future prospects in Japan.
Cultural humility development in adults serving as mentors for youth: A qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: Anderson Amy J. , Jones Kristian V. , DuBois David L. , Çifci Fatmanur , Teger Zara 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis qualitative review synthesizes evidence regarding how cultural humility (i.e., critical self‐reflection, challenging inequity) may be influenced by the experience of serving as a mentor in a youth program. A systematic search identified 35 qualitative studies with findings that address this question. Thematic synthesis of extracted data identified the following six themes, all but one of which pertains to ways in which serving as a mentor appeared to have enhanced the cultural humility of the adults involved: (1) humanizing others: awareness of experiential differences, (2) reflecting inward on one's own identity, biases, and opportunities, (3) connecting with others, (4) recognizing environmental influences on human development, (5) envisioning contributions to community change, and (6) counterevidence: deficit‐oriented attributions. Findings indicate that mentor cultural humility development primarily entailed individual and interpersonal awareness with relatively less evidence of increased awareness of and action to change inequality. The identified themes provide promising directions for future research as well as potentially useful avenues for incorporating consideration of cultural humility more intentionally in the development and evaluation of mentoring programs for youth.
Narrowband Near‐Infrared Multiple‐Resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters towards High‐Performance and Stable Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Hua Tao , Li Nengquan , Huang Zhongyan , Zhang Youming , Wang Lian , Chen Zhanxiang , Miao Jingsheng , Cao Xiaosong , Wang Xinzhong , Yang Chuluo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMultiple‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) materials are highly coveted for their high efficiency and narrowband emission in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). Nevertheless, the development of near‐infrared (NIR) MR‐TADF emitters remains a formidable challenge. In this study, we design two new NIR MR‐TADF emitters, PXZ−R−BN and BCz−R−BN, by embedding 10H‐phenoxazine (PXZ) and 7H‐dibenzo[c,g]carbazole (BCz) fragments to increase the electron‐donating ability or extending π‐conjugation on the framework of para‐boron fusing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Both compounds emit in the NIR region, with a full‐width at half‐maximum (FWHM) of 49 nm (0.13 eV) for PXZ−R−BN and 43 nm (0.11 eV) for BCz−R−BN in toluene. To sensitize the two NIR MR‐TADF emitters in OLEDs, a new platinum complex, Pt‐1, is designed as a sensitizer. The PXZ−R−BN‐based sensitized OLEDs achieve a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of nearly 30 % with an emission band at 693 nm, and exceptional long operational stability with an LT97 (time to 97 % of the initial luminance) value of 39084 h at an initial radiance of 1000 mW sr−1 m−2. The BCz−R−BN‐based OLEDs reach EQEmax values of 24.2 % with an emission band at 713 nm, which sets a record value for NIR OLEDs with emission bands beyond 700 nm.
Multicomponent Cyclizative 1,2‐Rearrangement Enabled Enantioselective Construction of 2,2‐Disubstituted Pyrrolinones
Authors: Li Xing‐Zi , He Yu‐Ping , Wu Hua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe 1,2‐rearrangement reaction is one of the most important approaches to construct carbon‐carbon bonds in organic synthesis. However, the development of catalytic asymmetric 1,2‐rearrangements is still far from mature and often suffers from problems such as complex substrates, single product structure, and lack of synthetic application. Multicomponent reaction has been recognized as a robust tool for the synthesis of diverse and tunable products from readily available starting material. Conceptionally and practically, the development of multicomponent asymmetric 1,2‐rearrangements is highly desirable. In this regard, we report herein a three‐component benzilic acid‐type rearrangement of 2,3‐diketoesters, aromatic amines and aldehydes for the asymmetric construction of synthetically challenging pyrrolinones bearing aza‐quaternary stereocenters. To the best of our knowledge, this reaction represents the first example of organocatalyzed multicomponent asymmetric 1,2‐rearrangements.
Nano‐BN/Nano‐TiO2and micro Mg(OH)2loaded hybrid ethylene propylene diene monomer elastomer composites for outdoor high‐voltage insulation application
Authors: Rizwan Mohammed , Shaik Aabid Hussain , Rahaman Ariful , Patro T. Umashankar , Rahaman Mostafizur , Periyasami Govindasami , Chandan Mohammed Rehaan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis work deals with the synthesis, characterization of hybrid ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) composites loaded with nano‐boron nitride (nano‐BN)/nano‐titanium dioxide (nano‐TiO2) and micro Mg(OH)2particles for its suitability towards high‐voltage insulation application. The elastomer samples were prepared by carefully dispersing the micro and nano fillers during the mastication process of EPDM polymer using a two roll mill, followed by vulcanization. The samples were characterized for mechanical, morphological, thermal, and electrical insulation properties. The highest tensile strength among the composite samples was noted for 1 phr nanoparticles loaded samples. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) results show no change in the chemical moiety upon addition of nano‐BN/nano‐TiO2in EPDM composites. Enhancement in hydrophobicity is observed for 3 phr nano‐TiO2loaded composites, which shows a maximum static contact angle of 110°. Meanwhile remarkable enhancement in the thermal conductivity and volume resistance of the composites are contributed to the addition of nano‐BN, thereby achieving maximum dielectric breakdown voltage (i.e., ~21 kV/mm for EMB3). Scanning electron microscope images and atomic force microscopy (AFM) topography highlight that low concentration (i.e., 1 phr) based composites have homogeneous dispersion in matrix and excessive nano filler addition deteriorates properties by forming filler aggregates and increasing surface roughness.
Carbonylbis(hydrazine‐1‐carbothioamide) derivatives as a new class of α‐glucosidase inhibitors and their mechanistic insights via molecular docking and dynamic simulations
Authors: Naseem Saira , Fatima Shamool , Ullah Saeed , Khan Ajmal , Mali Suraj N. , Jawarkar Rahul D. , Syed Asad , Elgorban Abdallah M. , Al‐Harrasi Ahmed , Shafiq Zahid 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the past, efforts have been made to find a cure for diabetes, mainly evaluating new classes of compounds to explore their potency. In this study, we present the synthesis and evaluation of carbonylbis(hydrazine‐1‐carbothioamide) derivatives as potential α‐glucosidase inhibitors, employing both in vivo and in silico investigations. The in vitro experiments revealed that all tested compounds were significantly potent for α‐glucosidase inhibition, with the lead compound 3a displaying approximately 80 times higher activity than acarbose. To delve deeper, in silico induced fit docking, pharmacokinetics, and molecular dynamics studies were conducted. Significantly, compound 3a exhibited a docking score of −7.87 kcal/mol, surpassing acarbose, which had a docking score of −6.59 kcal/mol. The in silico ADMET indicated that most of the synthesized compounds have properties conducive to drug development. Molecular dynamics analysis demonstrated that, when the ligand 3a was coupled with the target 3TOP, Cα‐RMSD backbone RMSD values below 2.4 Å and “Lig_fit_Prot” values below 2.7 Å were observed. QSAR analysis demonstrates that the “fOC8A” descriptor positively correlates with α‐glucosidase inhibition activity, while “lipoplus_AbSA” positively contributes and “notringC_notringO_8B” negatively contributes to this activity.
Association between thyroid hormone levels in the acute stage of stroke and risk of poststroke depression: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Fu Jie , Zhao Qin , Li Jinglun , Chen Xiu , Peng Lilei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThyroid hormones have been indicated to be associated with depression, but their relationship with poststroke depression (PSD) remains controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta‐analysis to explore the correlation between thyroid hormone levels in acute stroke and PSD.MethodsWe searched databases for eligible studies. Standard mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were applied to evaluate the association among levels of thyroid hormones, including thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4), in acute stroke patients and the risk of PSD.ResultsA total of 13 studies were included in the analysis. Compared to non‐PSD patients, PSD patients had remarkably lower serum TSH and FT3 levels (TSH: SMD = −0.59, 95%CI = −1.04 to −.15, p = .009; FT3: SMD = −0.40, 95%CI = −.51 to −.30, p = .000) and higher serum FT4 levels (SMD = 0.33, 95%CI = .07–.59, p = .013). Subgroup analysis showed that there may be a more statistically significant association between FT3 and the risk of PSD compared to TSH and FT4.ConclusionsOur results suggested that patients with lower serum TSH and FT3 levels as well as higher serum FT4 levels in the acute stage of stroke may be more susceptible to PSD.
Synthesis and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity of Novel Benzimidazole/Thiazolidin‐4‐one Hybrid Derivatives
Authors: Khraisat Leen Mohammad Amin Farhan , Sabuncuoğlu Suna , Girgin Gözde , Unsal Tan Oya 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, novel 3‐(phenylamino)thiazolidin‐4‐one 2 a–d and 3‐(phenyl)thiazolidin‐4‐one 3 a–g derivatives which are having benzimidazole moiety were synthesized and their tyrosinase inhibitory activity were investigated. The structures of the target compounds were elucidated using 1H/13C−NMR, IR and MS. The structure of 2 b was also characterized using HSQC NMR technique. Among the target compounds, 3 b–g demonstrated stronger tyrosinase inhibitory activity (IC50 values for 3 b–g ranged from 80.93 to 119.20 μM), compared to the positive control kojic acid (IC50: 125.08 μM). With IC50 value of 80.93 μM, 5‐(2‐(4‐(1H‐benzimidazol‐1‐yl)phenyl)‐4‐oxothiazolidin‐3‐yl)‐2‐methylbenzenesulfonamide 3 g was found to be the most active derivative of the series. Molecular docking studies were conducted to elucidate the binding interactions between compounds and tyrosinase. The MTT assay studies used to determine the cytotoxicity of 3 b–g showed that 3 c, 3 d, 3 f and 3 g were not cytotoxic in the range of 0–200 μM. Considering its tyrosinase inhibitory activity and cytotoxic effect, 3 g exhibits promising potential for further research and development as a novel tyrosinase inhibitor.
Unique Possibilities of Dynamic Metal–Polymer Interactions in Selective Hydrogenation
Authors: Park Younghwan , Hyun Kyunglim , Yun Seongho , Choi Minkee 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRationally designed polymers can function as supports or promoters for metal catalysts, imparting distinct catalytic properties in selective hydrogenation. With strongly metal–ligating functional groups, mobile polymer chains can spontaneously decorate the metal catalyst surfaces under mild conditions, forming stable metal–polymer interfaces. We have termed this phenomenon ‘dynamic metal–polymer interaction (DMPI),’ which can be roughly considered as an organic version of the strong metal–support interaction (SMSI) concept. The polymer chains that dynamically interact with the metal surface can control the adsorption of reactants and products through competitive adsorption, significantly improving selectivity and catalyst stability. One of the remarkable advantages of using polymers as catalytic materials is that their molecular structures, such as molecular weight, crystallinity, and chemical functionality, can be tailored using rich organic chemistry. This, in turn, allows us to precisely tune the metal–polymer interactions and catalytic properties. In this Concept, we will discuss how metal–polymer interfaces can be designed and utilized for selective hydrogenation, with a particular emphasis on the industrially relevant acetylene partial hydrogenation reaction.
Analysis of the combined effect of rs699 and rs5051 on angiotensinogen expression and hypertension
Authors: Powell Nicholas R. , Shugg Tyler , Leighty Jacob , Martin Matthew , Kreutz Rolf P. , Eadon Michael T. , Lai Dongbing , Lu Tao , Skaar Todd C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundHypertension (HTN) involves genetic variability in the renin‐angiotensin system and influences antihypertensive response. We previously reported that angiotensinogen (AGT) messenger RNA (mRNA) is endogenously bound by miR‐122‐5p and rs699 A > G decreases reporter mRNA in the microRNA functional‐assay PASSPORT‐seq. The AGT promoter variant rs5051 C > T is in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with rs699 A > G and increases AGT transcription. The independent effect of these variants is understudied due to their LD therefore we aimed to test the hypothesis that increased AGT by rs5051 C > T counterbalances AGT decreased by rs699 A > G, and when these variants occur independently, it translates to HTN‐related phenotypes.MethodsWe used in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and retrospective models to test this hypothesis.ResultsIn silico, rs699 A > G is predicted to increase miR‐122‐5p binding affinity by 3%. Mir‐eCLIP results show rs699 is 40–45 nucleotides from the strongest microRNA‐binding site in the AGT mRNA. Unexpectedly, rs699 A > G increases AGT mRNA in an AGT‐plasmid‐cDNA HepG2 expression model. Genotype‐Tissue Expression (GTEx) and UK Biobank analyses demonstrate liver AGT expression and HTN phenotypes are not different when rs699 A > G occurs independently from rs5051 C > T. However, GTEx and the in vitro experiments suggest rs699 A > G confers cell‐type‐specific effects on AGT mRNA abundance, and suggest paracrine renal renin‐angiotensin‐system perturbations could mediate the rs699 A > G associations with HTN.ConclusionsWe found that rs5051 C > T and rs699 A > G significantly associate with systolic blood pressure in Black participants in the UK Biobank, demonstrating a fourfold larger effect than in White participants. Further studies are warranted to determine if altered antihypertensive response in Black individuals might be due to rs5051 C > T or rs699 A > G. Studies like this will help clinicians move beyond the use of race as a surrogate for genotype.
Anthraquinodimethane‐Based Molecular Switches Tethered by Four‐Arm Star‐like Polymers
Authors: Yan Mengwen , Hou Liman , Deng Xianjun , Shi Xinyuan , Jiang Feng , Wang Mingfeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMolecular switches that reversibly change their structures and physical properties are important for applications such as sensing and information processing at molecular scales. In order to avoid the intermolecular aggregation that is often detrimental to the stimuli‐responses of molecular switches, previous studies of molecular switches have been often conducted in dilute solutions which are difficult for applications in solid‐state devices. Here we report molecular design and synthesis that integrates anthraquinodimethane as molecular switching units into polymers with amenable processibility in solid states. Optical and electron spin resonance characterizations indicate that the four‐arm polymers of poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) or poly(D,L‐lactide) tethered from anthraquinodimethane slow down the dynamics of the conformational switching between the folded and the twisted conformations, enhance the photoluminescence in solid states and impart materials with a small energy gap from singlet ground state to thermally accessible triplet state.
Hydride‐Containing Pt‐doped Cu‐rich Nanoclusters: Synthesis, Structure, and Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Brocha Silalahi Rhone P. , Liang Hao , Jo Yongsung , Liao Jian‐Hong , Chiu Tzu‐Hao , Wu Ying‐Yann , Wang Xiaoping , Kahlal Samia , Wang Qi , Choi Woojun , Lee Dongil , Saillard Jean‐Yves , Liu C. W. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA structurally precise hydride‐containing Pt‐doped Cu‐rich nanocluster [PtH2Cu14{S2P(OiPr)2}6(CCPh)6] (1) has been synthesized. It consists of a bicapped icosahedral Cu14 cage that encapsulates a linear PtH2 unit. Upon the addition of two equivalents of CF3COOH to 1, two hydrido clusters are isolated. These clusters are [PtHCu11{S2P(OiPr)2}6(CCPh)4] (2), which is a vertex‐missing Cu11 cuboctahedron encaging a PtH moiety, and [PtH2Cu11{S2P(OiPr)2}6(CCPh)3] (3), a distorted 3,3,4,4,4‐pentacapped trigonal prismatic Cu11 cage enclosing a PtH2 unit. The electronic structure of 2, analyzed by Density Functional Theory, is a 2e superatom. The electrocatalytic activities of 1–3 for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) were compared. Notably, Cluster 2 exhibited an exceptionally excellent HER activity within metal nanoclusters, with an onset potential of −0.03 V (at 10 mA cm−2), a Tafel slope of 39 mV dec−1, and consistent HER activity throughout 3000 cycles in 0.5 M H2SO4. Our study suggests that the accessible central Pt site plays a crucial role in the remarkable HER activity and may provide valuable insights for establishing correlations between catalyst structure and HER activity.
Impact of well placement and flow rate on production efficiency and stress field in the fractured geothermal reservoirs
Authors: Wu Xinghui , Cai Meifeng , Wu Xu , Zhang Ketong , Yin Ziqing , Zhu Yu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGeothermal energy has gained wide attention as a renewable alternative for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. The advancements in enhanced geothermal system technology have enabled the exploitation of previously inaccessible geothermal resources. However, the extraction of geothermal energy from deep reservoirs poses many challenges due to high‐temperature and high‐geostress conditions. These factors can significantly impact the surrounding rock and its fracture formation. A comprehensive understanding of the thermal–hydraulic–mechanical (THM) coupling effect is crucial to the safe and efficient exploitation of geothermal resources. This study presented a THM coupling numerical model for the geothermal reservoir of the Yangbajing geothermal system. This proposed model investigated the geothermal exploitation performance and the stress distribution within the reservoir under various combinations of geothermal wells and mass flow rates. The geothermal system performance was evaluated by the criteria of outlet temperature and geothermal productivity. The results indicate that the longer distance between wells can increase the outlet temperature of production wells and improve extraction efficiency in the short term. In contrast, the shorter distance between wells can reduce the heat exchange area and thus mitigate the impact on the reservoir stress. A larger mass flow rate is conducive to the production capacity enhancement of the geothermal system and, in turn causes a wider range of stress disturbance. These findings provide valuable insights into the optimization of geothermal energy extraction while considering reservoir safety and long‐term sustainability. This study deepens the understanding of the THM coupling effects in geothermal systems and provides an efficient and environmentally friendly strategy for a geothermal energy system.
Skills‐based online self‐help program for carers of people with an eating disorder (SupportED): A case series evaluation
Authors: Miskovic‐Wheatley Jane , Schlage Jasmin , Pehlivan Melissa J. , Simone Rachel , Koreshe Eyza , Hunt Caroline , Maguire Sarah 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary effectiveness of “SupportED,” a novel, online, self‐paced skills‐based program for carers/support people of those with lived and/or living experience of an eating disorder (ED).MethodCarers of a loved one with an ED were invited to undertake a five‐module skills‐based (one core module, four optional modules) online program at their own pace. Modules cover general information about EDs, communication, practical skills, treatment engagement, and recovery. Participants completed demographics and were assessed using EDSIS, CASK, and DASS‐21 for caregiver burden, skills, and distress, respectively, at program completion and 3‐month follow‐up. Feedback on the program and modules was also collected.ResultsMost carers (65%; 82/126) completed the core module of the program, which is on par with other online learning programs. Nearly half of program completers responded to the 3‐month follow‐up (n = 39). On average, carers rated the program as relevant and useful and found the information validating and easy to understand, albeit a few carers found the program time‐consuming and technically challenging. Intent‐to‐treat (ITT) linear mixed models demonstrated the preliminary effectiveness of the program for improving carer burden and skills, although the change in carer distress was non‐significant.ConclusionsResults of this case series evaluation suggest SupportED is an acceptable and feasible program for carers and may improve burden and support skill development. Although the online, self‐paced format was highly rated, small improvements to improve acceptability were suggested. Reasons for a lack of impact on carer distress are discussed.Public significanceThis article describes a case series evaluation of “SupportED,” an online skills‐based support program for families, carers, and supporters of people with lived experience of an eating disorder. This is the first online carer support program that is designed to be inclusive of all carer types (e.g., partners, siblings) for all eating disorder presentations. Findings suggest the program's suitability and helpfulness for reducing carers’ load and bolstering skills and knowledge.