bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Human Adenoviruses of Medical Importance: Isolation of Infectious Virus from Clinical Specimens and Molecular Typing
Authors: Kajon Adriana E. , Lamson Daryl M. , George Kirsten St. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHuman adenoviruses (HAdVs) constitute a group of ubiquitous viruses that currently comprises 51 well‐defined serotypes and more than 113 genotypes classified into seven species, HAdV‐A through HAdV‐G. The members of these species differ considerably in their genomic characteristics and also in their tropism and pathogenicity. Virus isolation in cell culture remains critical for the preservation and comprehensive characterization of viruses of biomedical interest but has been almost completely abandoned by diagnostic laboratories. Currently, the most frequently used approach for the detection of HAdV in clinical specimens is real‐time qPCR targeting a region of the hexon gene, conserved among all genotypes described to the present. In the absence of typing, the detection of an HAdV in association with disease provides limited information. Molecular typing is therefore highly desirable and required in the epidemiological investigation of HAdV‐associated disease. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Virus isolation from plasma and whole bloodAlternate Protocol 1: Virus isolation from stoolAlternate Protocol 2: Virus isolation from respiratory specimens and urineAlternate Protocol 3: Virus isolation from tissue specimensSupport Protocol: Inoculation of shell vialsBasic Protocol 2: Extraction of highly pure viral genomic DNA from infected cellsBasic Protocol 3: Molecular detection of human adenovirus by real‐time PCRBasic Protocol 4: Molecular typing for basic identification of species and hexon typeBasic Protocol 5: Typing human adenoviruses by next‐generation whole‐genome sequencing and analysis
Cytosine‐Functionalized Macrocyclic Receptor for Nucleotides: Combining Three Recognition Motifs
Authors: Morozov Boris S. , Oshchepkov Alexander S. , Xu Dan , Kataev Evgeny A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNucleoside monophosphates perform various essential functions and serve as second messengers in living systems. Despite the success of nucleotide‐selective probes based on proteins, the creation of synthetic receptors for nucleoside monophosphates remains a challenging task. In this paper, we explore the design of synthetic receptors based on a combination of three recognition motifs. We show that each binding motif contributes to the formation of the host‐guest complexes. The core macrocycle provides recognition of the phosphate residue of the nucleotide, while naphthalimide and the attached cytosine residue participate in the coordination of the nucleobase via π‐π and hydrogen bonding interactions. The presence of cytosine in the receptor structure substantially increases the overall affinity of receptors for nucleotides. A considerable increase (100‐fold) in binding affinities is observed for the tetranucleotide DNA sequences 5′‐GGGG ‐3′ and 5′‐CCCC‐3′, as compared to the previously reported system without the attached cytosine.
Measurement of wellbore leakage in high‐pressure gas well based on the multiple physical signals and history data: Method, technology, and application
Authors: Zhang Bo , Pan Zhaocai , Cao Lihu , Xie Junfeng , Chu Shengli , Jing Yinghua , Lu Nu , Sun Tengfei , Li Cheng , Xu Yuqiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLeakage is one of the most serious challenges for the safe production of high‐pressure gas wells for its high risks, including abnormal annular pressure, natural gas accumulation, and environment pollution, but available methods can hardly accurately measure the leakage type and depth, which are the key parameters for the rigless leakage repair and risk assessment. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to measure the leakage based on the characteristics, which combines qualitative and quantitative measurement together. Qualitative measurement considers the annular pressure, tubing pressure, liquid level, cement quality, and workover history. Quantitative measurement is determined by noise logging, electromagnetic logging, pressure logging, and temperature logging. The logging should be optimized according to the qualitative measurement. The method was successfully applied in high‐pressure gas well belonging to Tarim Oilfield. Two potential leakage types are provided based on the annular pressure, liquid level, cement quality, and workover history, including tubing leakage and linger hanger leakage. Based on the potential leakage types, the pressure difference, logging devices string, stopping length, and time are optimized to make the engineering logging reliable. Through measurement, two leakage points are found in tubing string. One is tubing body crack at the depth of 2724 m and the other is tubing thread leakage at the depth of 5211.7 m, which well matches the production data.
Hydrogen storage properties in rapidly solidified TiZrVCrNi high‐entropy alloys
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Yadav Thakur Prasad , Shaz Mohammad Abu , Mukhopadhyay Nilay Krishna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe development of alloys with substantial hydrogen storage capacities is a potential solution to the demand for hydrogen storage in a future hydrogen‐based energy system. The synthesis, structural‐microstructural properties, and hydrogen storage performance of a multicomponent TiZrVCrNi high‐entropy melt‐spun ribbon have been discussed in the present investigation. The x‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy investigations confirm that this as‐cast and melt‐spun alloy contains only a single C14‐type hexagonal (a = b = 5.02 Å, c = 8.15 Å, α = β = 90°, γ = 120°) Laves phase. The room temperature pressure composition isotherms were studied with a pressure range of 0 to 40 atm. Continuing from our previous study in which we reported a hydrogen storage capacity of ~1.5 wt% in an as‐cast high‐entropy alloy synthesized using Arc melting, the total hydrogen storage capacity of TiZrVCrNi high‐entropy melt‐spun ribbons was found to be ~2 wt% in this work. This study makes the way forward for greater hydrogen storage in melt‐spun ribbons. The observation of only minimal losses in storage capacity, even after 10 cycles of experiments on hydrogen absorption, shows that the reversible hydrogen storage capacity has high durability. To the best of our knowledge, these demonstrations are the first to present a study on the hydrogen storage capacity (~2 wt%) of the equiatomic TiZrVCrNi melt‐spun ribbons.
The Great Lakes Future Fishers Initiative: Supporting the Next Generation of Great Lakes Commercial Fishing and Seafood Processing Industries
Authors: Jescovitch Lauren N , Moen Sharon , Abdl-Haleem Fatima , Seilheimer Titus S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Commercial fishers, fish processors, and regulatory agencies in the Great Lakes region have expressed interest in mentoring the next generation of the industry's workforce using structured, cross-discipline training curricula. A framework for an apprenticeship program for the Great Lakes region was developed using a regional online survey and in-person, semistructured focus group discussions with Anishinaabe fishers, multigenerational fishing families, and regulatory agency staff. Using these findings, we propose the Great Lakes Future Fisheries Initiative as a framework that meets the need for place-based job opportunities that include cultural and regulatory contexts specific to the region. Next steps include using the framework in collaboration with commercial businesses to pilot an apprenticeship program to address workforce development.
Burden of respiratory failure in pediatric patients: Analysis of a prospective multicenter cohort in Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Hernández‐Corredor Laura , Plazas‐Pachón Rocio , Argote‐Bolaños Fernanda , Barrera‐Lopez Pedro , Vanegas Melisa Naranjo , Moreno‐Lopez Sergio , Rueda‐Guevara Paola , Piñeros Juan G. , Castañeda Olga Lucía Baquero , Bonilla Carolina , Mejía Luz M. , Mesa María L. , Restrepo‐Gualteros Sonia , Ramírez Varela Andrea 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe approach to the burden of disease is a demographic, economic, and a health problem, which requires the design and application of specific measures of cost of the disease, such as disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs), to establish better public health policies in the pediatric population. The aim of this study is to approach the burden of disease in children with acute respiratory failure (ARF) through the calculation of DALYs.MethodsThis study was conducted in the framework of a prospective, multicenter cohort in Bogotá, Colombia. Inclusion criteria were all pediatric patients admitted to the emergency department, hospitalization, and intensive care unit with respiratory distress; eligible patients were all those who developed ARF between April 2020 and December 2021. They were followed‐up during hospitalization, at 30 and 60 days after admission. The Infant/Toddler Quality of Life Questionnaire and KIDSCREEN quality of life scales were applied for follow‐up according to the age group. The results were used to calculate DALYsResultsSix hundred and eighty‐five eligible patients, 296 (43.08%) developed ARF, of these 22 (6.08%) patients died (mortality rate = 7.43%). The total DALYs was 277.164 years. For younger than 9 years, the DALYs were 302.64 years, while for older than 10 years were 40.49 years.ConclusionARF is one of the main causes of preventable mortality in pediatrics, its progression to respiratory failure is a highly prevalent condition in pediatric age, a condition that has a great impact on mortality, morbidity, and disability in our patients.
Richard Lerner and the Birth of Antibody Libraries
Authors: Burton Dennis R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRichard Lerner had many achievements in his outstanding career. He will perhaps be remembered most for taking the helm of Scripps Research, following the founding by and tenure of Frank Dixon, and building one of the most successful biomedical research institutes in the world. Two Nobel prizes at Scripps in the past two years and one of them a second Nobel speaks for itself. But I want to cover what many consider Richard's finest scientific achievement‐ the development of a whole new approach to making antibodies that has been revolutionary to many aspects of basic science and medicine. I was very fortunate to be a part of that development and I give an account here and my memories of Richard during that time.
Multiomics characterization and verification of clear cell renal cell carcinoma molecular subtypes to guide precise chemotherapy and immunotherapy
Authors: Meng Jialin , Jiang Aimin , Lu Xiaofan , Gu Di , Ge Qintao , Bai Suwen , Zhou Yundong , Zhou Jun , Hao Zongyao , Yan Fangrong , Wang Linhui , Wang Haitao , Du Juan , Liang Chaozhao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractClear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a heterogeneous tumor with different genetic and molecular alterations. Schemes for ccRCC classification system based on multiomics are urgent, to promote further biological insights. Two hundred and fifty‐five ccRCC patients with paired data of clinical information, transcriptome expression profiles, copy number alterations, DNA methylation, and somatic mutations were collected for identification. Bioinformatic analyses were performed based on our team's recently developed R package “MOVICS.” With 10 state‐of‐the‐art algorithms, we identified the multiomics subtypes (MoSs) for ccRCC patients. MoS1 is an immune exhausted subtype, presented the poorest prognosis, and might be caused by an exhausted immune microenvironment, activated hypoxia features, but can benefit from PI3K/AKT inhibitors. MoS2 is an immune “cold” subtype, which represented more mutation of VHL and PBRM1, favorable prognosis, and is more suitable for sunitinib therapy. MoS3 is the immune “hot” subtype, and can benefit from the anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy. We successfully verified the different molecular features of the three MoSs in external cohorts GSE22541, GSE40435, and GSE53573. Patients that received Nivolumab therapy helped us to confirm that MoS3 is suitable for anti‐PD‐1 therapy. E‐MTAB‐3267 cohort also supported the fact that MoS2 patients can respond more to sunitinib treatment. We also confirm that SETD2 is a tumor suppressor in ccRCC, along with the decreased SETD2 protein level in advanced tumor stage, and knock‐down of SETD2 leads to the promotion of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In summary, we provide novel insights into ccRCC molecular subtypes based on robust clustering algorithms via multiomics data, and encourage future precise treatment of ccRCC patients.
Allocholic acid protects against α‐naphthylisothiocyanate‐induced cholestasis in mice by ameliorating disordered bile acid homeostasis
Authors: Han Xue , Lin Chuyi , Liu Huijie , Li Shan , Hu Bei , Zhang Lei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCholestasis is a pathological condition characterized by disruptions in bile flow, leading to the accumulation of bile acids (BAs) in hepatocytes. Allocholic acid (ACA), a unique fetal BA known for its potent choleretic effects, reappears during liver regeneration and carcinogenesis. In this research, we investigated the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of ACA against mice with cholestasis brought on by α‐naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT). To achieve this, we combined network pharmacology, targeted BA metabolomics, and molecular biology approaches. The results demonstrated that ACA treatment effectively reduced levels of serum AST, ALP, and DBIL, and ameliorated the pathological injury caused by cholestasis. Network pharmacology analysis suggested that ACA primarily regulated BA and salt transport, along with the signaling pathway associated with bile secretion, to improve cholestasis. Subsequently, we examined changes in BA metabolism using UPLC‐MS/MS. The findings indicated that ACA pretreatment induced alterations in the size, distribution, and composition of the liver BA pool. Specifically, it reduced the excessive accumulation of BAs, especially cholic acid (CA), taurocholic acid (TCA), and β‐muricholic acid (β‐MCA), facilitating the restoration of BA homeostasis. Furthermore, ACA pretreatment significantly downregulated the expression of hepatic BA synthase Cyp8b1, while enhancing the expression of hepatic efflux transporter Mrp4, as well as the renal efflux transporters Mdr1 and Mrp2. These changes collectively contributed to improved BA efflux from the liver and enhanced renal elimination of BAs. In conclusion, ACA demonstrated its potential to ameliorate ANIT‐induced liver damage by inhibiting BA synthesis and promoting both BA efflux and renal elimination pathways, thus, restoring BA homeostasis.
The interaction and mediation effects between the host genetic factors and Epstein–Barr virus VCA‐IgA in the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Diao Hua , Xue Wen‐Qiong , Wang Tong‐Min , Yang Da‐Wei , Deng Chang‐Mi , Li Dan‐Hua , Zhang Wen‐Li , Liao Ying , Wu Yan‐Xia , Chen Xue‐Yin , Zhou Ting , Li Xi‐Zhao , Zhang Pei‐Fen , Zheng Xiao‐Hui , Zhang Shao‐Dan , Hu Ye‐Zhu , Cao Su‐Mei , Liu Qing , Ye Wei‐Min , He Yong‐Qiao , Jia Wei‐Hua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated strong associations between host genetic factors and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) VCA‐IgA with the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the specific interplay between host genetics and EBV VCA‐IgA on NPC risk is not well understood. In this two‐stage case–control study (N = 4804), we utilized interaction and mediation analysis to investigate the interplay between host genetics (genome‐wide association study‐derived polygenic risk score [PRS]) and EBV VCA‐IgA antibody level in the NPC risk. We employed a four‐way decomposition analysis to assess the extent to which the genetic effect on NPC risk is mediated by or interacts with EBV VCA‐IgA. We consistently found a significant interaction between the PRS and EBV VCA‐IgA on NPC risk (discovery population: synergy index [SI] = 2.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.85–3.10; replication population: SI = 3.10, 95% CI = 2.17–4.44; all pinteraction < 0.001). Moreover, the genetic variants included in the PRS demonstrated similar interactions with EBV VCA‐IgA antibody. We also observed an obvious dose–response relationship between the PRS and EBV VCA‐IgA antibody on NPC risk (all ptrend < 0.001). Furthermore, our decomposition analysis revealed that a substantial proportion (approximately 90%) of the genetic effects on NPC risk could be attributed to host genetic‐EBV interaction, while the risk effects mediated by EBV VCA‐IgA antibody were weak and statistically insignificant. Our study provides compelling evidence for an interaction between host genetics and EBV VCA‐IgA antibody in the development of NPC. These findings emphasize the importance of implementing measures to control EBV infection as a crucial strategy for effectively preventing NPC, particularly in individuals at high genetic risk.
Stem size and stem alignment affects periprosthetic fracture risk and primary stability in cementless total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Konow Tobias , Glismann Katja , Lampe Frank , Ondruschka Benjamin , Morlock Michael M. , Huber Gerd 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe ideal stem size and stem position is important for the success of total hip arthroplasty, since it can affect early implant loosening and periprosthetic fractures (PPF). This study aimed to investigate how small deviations from the ideal stem size and position influences the PPF risk and primary stability. Six experienced surgeons performed preoperative templating based on which the benchmark size for each femur was determined. Consecutive implantations were performed in six cadaveric femur pairs—one side was implanted with an undersized stem followed by the benchmark size and the contralateral side with a benchmark size followed by an oversized stem (Corail, Depuy Synthes). Moreover, three different alignments (six varus, six neutral, six valgus‐undersized) were compared using 18 femurs. Cortical strains during broaching and implantation were measured, and laser scans were used to determine final stem position. All specimens underwent dynamic loading. Primary stability was estimated from stem subsidence and pull‐out forces. Templated stem size varied between surgeons (±1 size; p = 0.005). Undersizing increased stem subsidence by 320% (p < 0.001). Oversized stems exhibited 52% higher pull‐out forces (p = 0.001) and 240% higher cortical strains (p = 0.056). Cortex strains increased with varus alignment (R2 = 0.356, p = 0.011) while primary stability decreased with valgus stem alignment (p = 0.043). Surgeons should be aware that small deviations from the ideal stem size and malalignments of the stem can significantly alter the mechanical situation and affect the success of their surgery.
The stability of Staphylococcal bacteriophages with commonly used prosthetic joint infection lavage solutions
Authors: Doub James B. , Fogel Jessa , Urish Ken L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the viability of four Staphylococcal bacteriophages when exposed to different concentrations of commonly used lavage solutions in the surgical treatment of prosthetic joint infections (PJI). Four tailed Staphylococcal bacteriophages and six different lavage solutions (chlorhexidine 4%, hydrogen peroxide 3%, acetic acid 3%, povidone iodine 10%, sodium hypochlorite 0.5%, and Vashe solution) at 100%, 1%, and 0.01% concentrations were used in this experiment. In addition, the temporal impact of exposing bacteriophages to these lavage solutions was also evaluated at 5‐min exposures and 24‐h exposures. The results show that the titers of the four bacteriophages were statistically significantly decreased for all lavage solutions (100% and 1%) at 5‐min exposures and 24‐h exposures. However, with 0.01% concentrations of the lavage solutions, only acetic acid caused a statistically significant decrease in bacteriophage titers compared to normal saline control. Our findings suggest that tailed Staphylococcal bacteriophages do not remain stable in high concentrations of the most commonly used lavage solutions. However, at very dilute concentrations the bacteriophages do remain viable. This has important clinical ramifications in that it shows when using bacteriophage therapy for PJI it is critical to thoroughly wash out any lavage solutions before the introduction of therapeutic bacteriophages especially when acetic acid is used.
Histological and biophysical changes of cassava roots during retting, a key step of fufu processing
Authors: Wakem Germaine‐Alice , Tonfack Libert Brice , Youmbi Emmanuel , Fotso‐Kuate Apollin , Masso Cargele , Fiaboe Komi K. M. , Ndango Rose , Tizé Isaac , Grabulos Joel , Dufour Dominique , Ndjouenkeu Robert , Mbéguié‐A‐Mbéguié Didier 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDRetting is a key step of cassava processing into widely consumed foods (fufu, chikwangue, miondo and bobolo) in sub‐Saharan Africa. For some populations, retting ability is a major quality criterion that drives the adoption of new cassava varieties. Despite this importance, the physiological basis associated with this process remains poorly understood, and should lead to improved screening tools for breeding. Eight cassava varieties contrasting in retting ability properties were used in the present study. Roots and soaking water were sampled during retting and characterized at both histological and biochemical levels.RESULTSHistological data highlighted the degradation of root cell wall during retting. The average pH of soaking water decreased from 5.94 to 4.31 and the average simple sugars decreased from 0.18 to 0 g L−1, whereas the organic acids increased up to 5.61 g L−1. In roots tissue, simple sugars and organic acid contents decreased from 22.9 to 0 g kg−1 and from 80 to 0 g kg−1, respectively. The total pectin content of roots among varieties at harvest was similar, and decreased during the retting process. Overall, there was a negative correlation between total pectins content and root softening, although this did not reach statistical significance.CONCLUSIONMajor histological and biochemical changes occurred during cassava root retting, with some of them associated with the process. Retting affected starch pasting properties more than starch content. Although this process is characterized by root softening and degradation of cell wall structure, the present study strongly suggested that pectin is not the only cell wall component involved in these changes. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.