bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neighborhood Context as a Barrier to Sport Participation for Girls: Evidence From a Sport Diversity Index
Authors: Noel-London Kemba , Shacham Enbal , Ortiz Kasim , BeLue Rhonda 
Published: January 2024

Background
Evidence suggests neighborhood contexts play a vital role in shaping the availability and diversity of youth sport and participation rates, especially for African American or Black girls. Currently, no index captures interscholastic sport opportunities (eg, sport diversity) within and across school districts and specifically applied to African American or Black girls.

Objective
To visualize the inequalities present in interscholastic sport opportunities for girls across school districts using a novel index in a selected study area of St Louis City and County, Missouri, and discuss the implications for African American or Black girls.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Database secondary analysis.

Patients or Other Participants
Data for 47 public high schools in the 23 St Louis City and County school districts.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
We gathered data from the 2014–2018 American Community Survey and Missouri State High School Activities Association. We assessed sport diversity for girls by constructing a sport diversity index (SDI) that uses an entropy index as its foundation. Census-tract data were used to examine the association with neighborhood demographics and contributors to school district income and sport diversity. Descriptive spatial statistics were calculated to evaluate distributions in St Louis City and County, with the bivariate local indicator of spatial autocorrelation used to determine any correlations between variables of interest.

Results
The St Louis City school district, which has areas with high rates of renter-occupied housing and poverty and high percentages of non-Hispanic African American or Black students, had the lowest SDI for girls, contrasted with the school districts in St Louis County, which showed an inverse pattern on average. The SDI for girls was correlated with the percentages of renter-occupied housing and poverty. The SDI for girls was also correlated with race: an increasing presence of the non-Hispanic African American or Black population was associated with decreased sport diversity for girls.

Conclusions
The SDI for girls demonstrated a spatial association with neighborhood-level determinants of sport-opportunity availability for non-Hispanic African American or Black girls in St Louis. The role of social and political determinants of health in shaping community context and resultant health in athletic training research, policy, and practice should be considered.
History, Knowledge, and Education of Sport-Related Concussion Among College Athletes in Japan
Authors: Tashima Chihiro , Otomo Mana , Hosokawa Yuri 
Published: January 2024

Context
Few authors have investigated sport-related concussion (SRC) awareness and knowledge among athletes in Japan. Sport-related concussion research is scarce among Asian compared with North American and European cohorts.

Objective
To examine previous SRC history, level of SRC knowledge, and previous exposure to SRC education among collegiate athletes in Japan by the level of contact and access to medical staff.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Single-university study in Japan.

Patients or Other Participants
A total of 2103 athletes (48 varsity teams) were contacted to participate in an anonymous survey. Data from athletes with (1) SRC history in the past 3 months, (2) persistent SRC symptoms, (3) nontraditional sports, or (4) incomplete surveys were excluded. As a result, data from 593 athletes representing 43 varsity teams were included in this analysis.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Outcome measures were level of contact (contact [CON], limited contact [LTD], noncontact [NC]), access to medical staff (MEDYES, MEDNO), SRC knowledge (maximum score of 49), previous SRC history (self-report; yes, no), and previous SRC education (self-report; yes, no).

Results
The average SRC knowledge total score was 33.4 ± 6.1 (range, 18–48). The knowledge score in CON was higher than in LTD and NC (P &lt; .001) and in MEDYES than MEDNO (median, MEDYES = 34.0, MEDNO = 32.0; U = 27 841.5, P &lt; .001). Sport-related concussion history was statistically different by the level of contact ( = 27.95, P &lt; .001) and by access to medical staff ( = 4.5, P = .034). The presence of an SRC history and previous SRC education contributed to higher SRC knowledge, independent of the level of contact and access to medical staff (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Japanese athletes who participated in CON sports had a higher prevalence of SRC history, higher knowledge, and greater exposure to SRC education than those in LTD or NC sports. Access to medical staff was associated with higher SRC knowledge.
Persistent Early Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms From 6 to 12 Months After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Harkey Matthew S. , Driban Jeffrey B. , Baez Shelby E. , Genoese Francesca M. , Reiche Elaine Taylor , Collins Katherine , Walaszek Michelle , Triplett Ashley , Wilcox Christopher Luke , Schorfhaar Andrew , Shingles Michael , Joseph Sheeba , Kuenze Christopher 
Published: January 2024

Context
Early identification of knee osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) could enable timely interventions to improve long-term outcomes. However, little is known about the change in early OA symptoms from 6 to 12 months post-ACLR.

Objective
To evaluate the change over time in meeting classification criteria for early knee OA symptoms from 6 to 12 months after ACLR.

Design
Prospective cohort study.

Setting
Research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants
Eighty-two participants aged 13 to 35 years who underwent unilateral primary ACLR. On average, participants’ first and second visits were 6.2 and 12.1 months post-ACLR.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Early OA symptoms were classified using generic (Luyten Original) and patient population–specific (Luyten Patient Acceptable Symptom State [PASS]) thresholds on Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscales. Changes in meeting early OA criteria were compared between an initial and follow-up visit at an average of 6 and 12 months post-ACLR, respectively.

Results
Twenty-two percent of participants exhibited persistent early OA symptoms across both visits using both the Luyten Original and PASS criteria. From initial to follow-up visit, 18% to 27% had resolution of early OA symptoms, while 4% to 9% developed incident symptoms. In total, 48% to 51% had no early OA symptoms at either visit. No differences were found for change in early OA status between adults and adolescents.

Conclusions
Nearly one-quarter of participants exhibited persistent early knee OA symptoms based on KOOS thresholds from 6 to 12 months post-ACLR. Determining if this symptom persistence predicts worse long-term outcomes could inform the need for timely interventions after ACLR. Future researchers should examine if resolving persistent symptoms in this critical window improves later outcomes. Tracking early OA symptoms over time may identify high-risk patients who could benefit from early treatment.
Improving Concussion Education: Do Athletic Trainers’ Opinions Match Expert Consensus?
Authors: Drattell Julia D. , Kroshus Emily , Register-Mihalik Johna K. , D’Lauro Christopher , Schmidt Julianne D. 
Published: January 2024

Context
The National Collegiate Athletic Association and Department of Defense (NCAA-DoD) Mind Matters Challenge created “useful and feasible” consensus recommendations to improve concussion care-seeking behavior in collegiate athletes and military cadets. Given athletic trainers’ (ATs’) role as providers of concussion education and medical care, it is important to understand if they agree with the expert panel that the recommendations are useful and feasible.

Objective
To describe and compare the perceptions of ATs in the secondary school (SS) and collegiate settings of the utility and feasibility of the NCAA-DoD Mind Matters Challenge recommendations on improving concussion education.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Electronic survey.

Patients or Other Participants
Five hundred fifteen (515) ATs (age = 40.7 ± 12.4 years, 53.1% female gender) practicing in the SS (60.6%) or collegiate (38.4%) setting.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
An online survey asked participants about their awareness of the statement followed by 17 pairs of Likert-item questions regarding each recommendation’s utility and feasibility with responses ranging from no (1) to yes (9). Mimicking the consensus process, we defined consensus as a mean rating of ≥7.00. We compared utility and feasibility rating responses between SS and collegiate setting participants using Mann-Whitney U tests with α = .05.

Results
Two-thirds (66.6%) of participants were unaware of the consensus statement. Participants felt all recommendations were useful (all means ≥ 7.0); however, 4 recommendations related to collaborating with stakeholders did not meet the feasibility cutoff (mean range = 6.66–6.84). Secondary school ATs rated lower feasibility related to educational content (P value range = .001–.014), providing patient education throughout recovery (P = .002), and promoting peer intervention (P = .019) but higher utility (P = .007) and feasibility (P = .002) for providing parent education than collegiate ATs.

Conclusions
The NCAA-DoD Mind Matters Challenge recommendations require further dissemination. Athletic trainers rated collaboration with stakeholders as a feasibility barrier. Secondary school ATs require more resources for educational content, messaging, and promoting peer intervention but find educating athletes’ parents more useful and feasible than collegiate ATs.
ANALISIS STRATEGI GURU DALAM MEMBELAJARKAN SISWA MEMBACA PERMULAAN DI SDN 18 TUBUNG
Authors: Anugerah Wahyuni , Ason Ason , Lestari Novika 
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the teacher's strategy in teaching students to read the beginning at SDN 18 Tubung. The research was carried out in the lower grades especially in the first grade. This research is a type of qualitative research where the research results are described in accordance with reality in the field. The subject in this study is a Class I Teacher and the object of this study is the teacher's strategy in teaching students to read the beginning. Data collection techniques are carried out by interviews, and observation and documentation. The research instruments used are interview guideline sheets and observation sheets. Data processing techniques go through three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions.The results of this study show that: 1) The planning stage, teachers have not been able to make learning designs; 2) The stage of learning implementation, it was found that in teaching students to read the beginning in class I, the teacher used various strategies including letter card strategies, syllable cards, and word cards, singing strategies, alphabetical methods, and syllable methods; 3) Learning evaluation stage, the teacher provides a formative evaluation by asking students to take turns reading the letters listed on the board or taking The letter cards available are as the teacher mentioned.
KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN PADA SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS VI SD NEGERI 05 LANDAU TUBUN
Authors: Suandi Suandi , Ason Ason , Atmaja Muh Kusuma 
Published: January 2024

The research background is that students have difficulty understanding the contents reading of the, when the teacher asks the contents of the reading texs students cannot answer, students have difficulty conveying their thoughts, students have difficulty on stringing words into complete sentences in concluding the contents of the reading. The aim of the studi was to determine students’ reading comprehesion ability in learning indonesia in grade VI of the State Elementary School 05 Landau Tubun. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using tests and interviews. Data analysis using data reduction, data collection, verification, and conclusion. The results of the research on students’ reading comprehension skills in learning Indonesia showed that students’ reading ebilities were in the sufficient category. This can be seen from the everage overall score of 13 students who scored in the range 0f 56-75 as many as 6 students with an average score 57.38 and a percentage of 61.53%. Only 1 students Students got a very a good category in the 86-100 range with a score of 86-84 and a percentage of 7.6%. Studen got a good category in the score range 76-85, namely 1 peson with a score of 76.31 and a percentahge of 7.6%. Studen get less categories in the rangge 10-55, namely 5 people with a percentage of 38.46. Tush the ability to read comprehension of students in learning Indonesia in c grade VI of the state Elementary School 05 Landau Tubun included in the sufficent category because of the lack of vocabulary mastery in students
Administrative and jurisdictional pow- ers of the Russian penal system employees: new approach to regulatory regulation
Authors: Анискина Н.В. , Старостин С.А. 
Published: January 2024

Статья посвящена проблемам нормативного регулирования административно-юрисдикционных полномочий сотрудников уголовно-исполнительной системы. Обосновывается позиция о необходимости использования профессионально-стратификационного подхода к нормативному закреплению данных полномочий, который позволяет учитывать занимаемую сотрудником должность и специфику сферы правореализации. Предлагается внести изменения в Приказ ФСИН России от 19.08.2019 № 688 в части корректировки квалификационных требований к должностям в уголовно-исполнительной системе.
The article considers problems of regulation of administrative and ju- risdictional powers of the penal system employees. The article substantiates the position on the need to use a professional stratification approach to the normative consolidation of these powers, which allows taking into account the position held by the employee and the specifics of the sphere of legal realization. It is proposed to amend the Order of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia of August 19, 2019 No. 688 to adjust qualification requirements for positions in the penal system.
Modernization of criminal legislation in the field of economic activity: the state, prospects for application
Authors: Берестнев А.И. 
Published: January 2024

В статье исследуются нормативные правовые акты, направленные на реализацию задач по совершенствованию уголовного законодательства в части экономических преступлений в направлении их декриминализации. Актуальность указанной проблемы объясняется высокой репрессивностью уголовного законодательства в сфере экономической деятельности, что требует принятия выверенных решений по декриминализации преступных деяний. Кроме того, их применение будет способствовать повышению эффективности междисциплинарных научных исследований в сфере уголовного права и криминологии, в области декриминализации и депенализации. Автором обращается внимание на возможность использования института административной преюдиции в уголовном законодательстве, включая гл. 22 УК РФ. Применение уголовного проступка позволит более четко провести дифференциацию и индивидуализацию ответственности путем расширения практики применения более мягких мер воздействия на правонарушителей, нежели уголовные наказания.
The article analyses normative legal acts aimed at the implementation of tasks to improve criminal law in terms of economic crimes in the direction of their deсriminalization. The relevance of this problem is explained by high repressiveness of criminal legislation in the field of economic activity, which requires the adoption of verified decisions on the decriminalization of criminal acts. In addition, their application will boost effectiveness of interdisciplinary scientific research in the field of criminal law and criminology, in the field of decriminalization and depenalization. The author draws attention to the possibility of using the institution of administrative prejudice in criminal law, including Chapter 22 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The use of criminal infractions will make it possible to more clearly differentiate and individualize liability by expanding the practice of applying more lenient measures of influence on offenders than criminal penalties.
Some problems of legal regulation of urgent investigative actions in the Criminal Procedural Code of Russian Federation
Authors: Дутов Ю.И. , Дутов Н.Ю. , Титов И.А. 
Published: January 2024

В статье рассмотрены нормы уголовно-процессуального законодательства Российской Федерации, регламентирующие институт неотложных следственных действий. Проанализировано понятие неотложных следственных действий, исследована классификация субъектов, наделенных правом их проведения, а также выделены проблемы правовой регламентации данного института. Сформулированы предложения по законодательной корректировке института неотложных следственных действий.
This article considers norms of the criminal procedure legislation of the Russian Federation governing the institution of urgent investigative actions. The concept of urgent investigative actions is analyzed, the classification of subjects entitled to conduct them is studied, and the problems of legal regulation of this institution are highlighted. The article formulates proposals for legislative amendment of the institute of urgent investigative actions.
On the specifics of law enforcement of minor hooliganism in correctional institutions
Authors: Шкуренко И.А. 
Published: January 2024

В условиях преобразования пенитенциарной системы России появляются задачи, решение которых невозможно без своевременного и качественного пересмотра некоторых норм и институтов уголовно-исполнительного законодательства, регламентирующих общественные отношения, возникающие в процессе применения мер дисциплинарного воздействия в отношении осужденных к лишению свободы. Целью данного научного исследования является поиск возможных вариантов решения практической проблемы по привлечению к дисциплинарной ответственности осужденных к лишению свободы за совершение злостного нарушения установленного порядка отбывания наказания, характеризующегося как мелкое хулиганство.
In the context of the transformation of the Russian penitentiary system, tasks arise that cannot be solved without a timely and qualitative review of certain norms and institutions of penal legislation regulating public relations arising in the process of applying disciplinary measures against persons sentenced to imprisonment. The purpose of this scientific research is to search for possible solutions to the practical problem of bringing to disciplinary liability those sentenced to imprisonment for committing a malicious violation of the established procedure for serving a sentence, characterized as petty hooliganism.
On the specifics of the execution of punishment in the form of imprisonment in relation to those convicted of terrorism and extremism-related crimes
Authors: Щукина Н.В. 
Published: January 2024

В статье рассматриваются особенности деятельности сотрудников органов и учреждений Федеральной службы исполнения наказаний по организации исполнения наказаний в отношении лиц, осужденных за террористические и экстремистские преступления, а также по предупреждению новых преступлений в условиях исправительных учреждений. Отмечается, что данная категория осужденных в силу малоизученности и наличия психологической установки идеологического противостояния представляет особую опасность для исправительных учреждений.
The article considers the specifics of activities of penal system employees to organize execution of sentences in relation to persons convicted of terrorism and extremism-related crimes, as well as to prevent new crimes in correctional facilities. It is worth noting that this category of convicts, due to their lack of knowledge and the presence of a psychological attitude of ideological confrontation, poses a special danger to correctional institutions.
International legal and political aspects of the Interpol development
Authors: Мишальченко Ю.В. , Мишальченко М.Ю. , Таранец В.А. 
Published: January 2024

В статье рассматриваются некоторые международно-правовые аспекты эволюции международной организации уголовной полиции. Возникшая в 1923 г., за сто лет своего существования организация сумела преодолеть несколько внутренних кризисов и продемонстрировала способность к эволюции своего правового статуса, что делает ее важным актором современной системы международных отношений.
The article considers some international legal aspects of the evolution of the international criminal police organization. Founded in 1923, over the hundred years of its existence, the organization has managed to overcome several internal crises and demonstrated the ability to evolve its legal status, which makes it an important actor in the modern system of international relations.
Characterization of Extracellular Chitinase from Bacillus cereus SAHA 12.13 and Its Potency as a Biocontrol of Curvularia affinis
Authors: Asril Muhammad , Supriyadi Didik 
Published: January 2024

Bacillus cereus SAHA 12.13 can produce chitinase, an enzyme that digests chitin in the main compounds of cell walls, mycelia, and spores in pathogenic fungi that cause leaf spots on oil palm plants such as Curvularia affinis. This study aims to determine the properties of the chitinase enzyme B. cereus SAHA 12.13 that can inhibit the growth of C. affinis. Chitinase enzyme production and characterization were measured using the Spindler method. Antagonism test against pathogenic fungi using dual culture method by testing cell culture and enzyme crude extract. This result showed that the isolate produced a high level of specific chitinase activity at 37 °C for 45 h of incubation with 8.45 U mg-1 proteins with a growth rate (k) of 0.25 generation/h, and the generation time was 3.96 h/generation. The optimum chitinase activity was achieved at pH 7.0 and 45 °C and was stable for 3 h with a half-life (t1/2) of 770 min. The crude enzyme and cell culture of strain can inhibit the growth of C. affinis by 36.27±0.043% and 34.25±0.041%, respectively. These characteristics indicate that B. cereus strain SAHA12.13 can be used to inhibit C. affinis, which causes leaf blight of oil palm, under varying pH and temperature conditions.
HUKUM ISLAM DAN EFEK JERA PEMIDANAAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Gafffar Azis , Darliana Darliana , Sapriadi Sapriadi 
Published: January 2024

Perjalanan pelaksanaan hukuman pidana Islam di Indonesia mengalami diskusi panjang terutama dalam hal pelanggaran hak asasi manusia. Efek jera pemidanaan dalam konteks hukum Islam dapat dilihat dari pemberian sanksi kepada pelaku kejahatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: Pertama: mengungkap efek jera dalam sistem pidana hukum Islam dan membandingkannya dengan sistem hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia. Kedua: Menakar peluang penerapan hukum Islam dalam memberikan efek jera bagi pelaku tindak pidana di Indonesia. Jenis penelitian yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian pustaka (lybrary research). Penelitian library research atau penelitian kepustakaan adalah salah satu jenis penelitian yang menggunakan sumber data dari literatur atau bahan-bahan tertulis yang ada di perpustakaan atau database online. Hukum dan kehidupan masyarakat tidak dapat dipisahkan karena kedua hal tersebut mempunyai hubungan timbal balik.Pemidanaan dalam hukum Islam merupakan seperangkat hukum yang menekankan pemberian efek jera pada pelaku kejahatan sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya kejahatan di masa depan. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa penerapan hukum Islam dalam memberikan efek jera bagi pelaku tindak pidana di Indonesia. Hal itu karena hukum Islam merupakan salah satu sumber hukum di Indonesia. Penerapan hukum Islam dapat tercapai apabila para legislatif menyepakati pemberlakuan hukum Islam di Indonesia.