bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skin lightening properties of zerumbone cream: A placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Kuek Wee Nie , Tiang Yi Ru , Yow Hui Yin , Tan Li Kar Stella , How Chee Wun , Looi Qi Hao Daniel , Foo Jhi Biau 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveDespite the demonstrated anti‐melanogenic and UV protective effects of Zerumbone (ZER) in vitro, there is a lack of clinical trials that have been done to assess these properties. The primary objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of ZER in lightening the skin tone of human participants with a single‐blind approach.MethodsTwenty‐six participants were randomly assigned to two groups to investigate the application location (left or right volar forearm) for the placebo and ZER creams. Both creams were topically administered to the volar forearms twice daily over a duration of 4 weeks. Initial skin irritation was assessed before and 30 min after applying creams. The melanin and erythema levels were quantified with Mexameter MX 18.ResultsTwenty participants were included in the analysis. The cream formulation had excellent physical properties and was well‐received by the participants. The initial skin irritation study results indicated that neither of the creams elicited an allergic reaction. The administration of ZER cream resulted in a statistically significant reduction in melanin levels (p < 0.05) after 1 week compared to the initial baseline. Furthermore, after 2 weeks of application, ZER cream demonstrated significant differences in melanin levels compared to placebo (p < 0.05). No adverse effects were observed in the group using ZER cream.ConclusionZER demonstrated significant potential as a skin‐lightening agent.
Placental abruption: Incidence and risk of recurrence in subsequent pregnancies
Authors: Oyelese Yinka , Peltier Morgan , Donovan Bridget , Khadka Nehaa , Chiu Vicki Y. , Fassett Michael J. , Getahun Darios 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimTo estimate the incidence of abruption in first births and recurrence in the subsequent birth in patients of a large US‐based integrated health care system.MethodsRetrospective population‐based cohort study of patients with first two consecutive singleton births using data from the Kaiser‐Permanente South California health care system who delivered over a period of 30 years (1991–2021), using longitudinally linked electronic health records. ICD‐9/ICD‐10 codes “641.20” and “O45.x” identified placental abruption. We calculated the incidence and rates of abruption in first and second pregnancies. We used logistic regression to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for abruption in second pregnancies in patients with and without abruptions in their first pregnancies.ResultsOf the 126 264 patients with first two consecutive singleton births over the period, 805 had abruptions in their first births, and 861 in their second births. Rates of abruption in first and second births were 0.63% and 0.68%, respectively. Twenty‐seven patients had abruptions in both first and second births. Rates of abruption in the second birth among individuals with and without previous placental abruption were 3.35% and 0.66%, respectively, giving an approximately five‐fold increased odds of abruption in a second pregnancy in individuals who had abruption in their first birth when compared with those who did not have placental abruption in their first birth (aOR: 4.95, 95% confidence interval: 3.35–7.31, p < 0.00001). Interpregnancy interval had no statistically significant association with recurrence.ConclusionAbruption in a first birth is associated with an approximately five‐fold increased odds of abruption in a second birth.
Nightmare frequency is a risk factor for suicidal ideation during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Bolstad Courtney J. , Holzinger Brigitte , Scarpelli Serena , De Gennaro Luigi , Yordanova Juliana , Koumanova Silvia , Mota‐Rolim Sérgio , Benedict Christian , Bjorvatn Bjørn , Chan Ngan Yin , Chung Frances , Dauvilliers Yves , Espie Colin A. , Inoue Yuichi , Korman Maria , Koscec Bjelajac Adrijana , Landtblom Anne‐Marie , Matsui Kentaro , Merikanto Ilona , Morin Charles M. , Partinen Markku , Penzel Thomas , Plazzi Giuseppe , Reis Cátia , Ross Biserka , Wing Yun Kwok , Nadorff Michael R. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryThe association between nightmare frequency (NMF) and suicidal ideation (SI) is well known, yet the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on this relation is inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate changes in NMF, SI, and their association during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Data were collected in 16 countries using a harmonised questionnaire. The sample included 9328 individuals (4848 women; age M[SD] = 46.85 [17.75] years), and 17.60% reported previous COVID‐19. Overall, SI was significantly 2% lower during the pandemic vs. before, and this was consistent across genders and ages. Most countries/regions demonstrated decreases in SI during this pandemic, with Austria (−9.57%), Sweden (−6.18%), and Bulgaria (−5.14%) exhibiting significant declines in SI, but Italy (1.45%) and Portugal (2.45%) demonstrated non‐significant increases. Suicidal ideation was more common in participants with long‐COVID (21.10%) vs. short‐COVID (12.40%), though SI did not vary by COVID‐19 history. Nightmare frequency increased by 4.50% during the pandemic and was significantly higher in those with previous COVID‐19 (14.50% vs. 10.70%), during infection (23.00% vs. 8.10%), and in those with long‐COVID (18.00% vs. 8.50%). The relation between NMF and SI was not significantly stronger during the pandemic than prior (rs = 0.18 vs. 0.14; z = 2.80). Frequent nightmares during the pandemic increased the likelihood of reporting SI (OR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.20–2.05), while frequent dream recall during the pandemic served a protective effect (OR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.59–0.94). These findings have important implications for identifying those at risk of suicide and may offer a potential pathway for suicide prevention.
Birth cohort‐specific consideration in an Emergency Department Hepatitis C Testing Programme: A description of age‐related characteristics and outcomes
Authors: Walter Lauren A. , Prados Myles , Lloyd Audrey , Sontheimer Sylvie , Heimann Matthew , Rodgers Joel B. , Hand Delissa T. , Franco Ricardo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe emergency department (ED) has increasingly become an important public health partner in non‐targeted hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing and referral to care efforts. HCV has traditionally been an infection associated with the Baby Boomer generation; however, recent exacerbation of the opioid epidemic has resulted in a growing number of younger cohorts, namely Millennials, also impacted by HCV. Examination of this age‐related demographic shift, including subsequent linkage success and linkage barriers, from the perspective of an ED‐based testing and linkage programme may have implications for future population and health systems interventions. A retrospective descriptive chart review was performed, inclusive of data from August 2015 through December 2020. We compared the quantity of positive HCV screening antibody (Ab) and confirmatory (RNA) tests and further considered linkage rates and correlative demographics (e.g. gender, race). Patient barriers to HCV care linkage (e.g. substance misuse, lack of health insurance, homelessness) were also evaluated. The data set was disaggregated by birth cohort to include Silent Generation (SG) (1928–45), Baby Boomer (BB) (1946–64), Generation X (Gen X) (1965–80), Millennial (1981–96) and Generation Z (1997–2012). Descriptive statistics and chi‐square analysis were performed. Overall, 83,817 patients were tested for HCV (50.6% of eligible); 6187 (7.4%) were HCV Ab positive, and 2665 were HCV RNA positive (3.2%). RNA‐positive individuals were more likely to be white (70.4%) and male (67.7%); generational distribution was similar (BB 33.3%, Gen X 32.0% and Millennials 32.7%). Amongst Ab‐positive patients, white (45.5%), male (47.2%) and Millennial (49.7%) individuals were most likely to be RNA‐positive. Overall, 28.1% of the RNA‐positive cohort successfully linked to care; linkage to care rates were significantly higher in older generations (38.1% in BB vs. 17.8% in Millennials) (p < .00001). Over 90% were identified as having at least one linkage to care barrier. Younger generations (Gen X and Millennials) were disproportionately impacted by linkage barriers, including incarceration, lack of health insurance, history of mental health and substance use disorders, as well as history of or active injection drug use (IDU) (p < .00001). Older generations (SG and BB) were more likely to be impacted by competing medical comorbidities (p < .00001). The ED population represents a particularly vulnerable, at‐risk cohort with a high prevalence of HCV and linkage to care barriers. While past HCV‐specific recommendations and interventions have focused on Baby Boomers, this data suggests that younger generations, including Gen X and Millennials, are increasingly affected by HCV and face disparate social risk and social need factors which impede definitive care linkage and treatment.
Experimental Evaluation of the Impact of Lived Experience and Personal Story on Neuroscience Knowledge Translation Effectiveness: Sharing the Neuroscience of ADHD with Pre‐Service Teachers
Authors: Barker Conor , Yorke Kathryn Isenor , Mak Emily , Draper Ethan C. , Mazerolle Erin L. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTPrevious work suggested that sharing personal stories is effective for knowledge translation (KT) of the neuroscience of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) for a teacher audience. In the current study, we experimentally evaluated the impact of personal story and lived experience on a similar KT activity. We measured knowledge and attitudes about ADHD before and after our KT activity and used a factorial design to evaluate the impact of personal story (personalized versus depersonalized) and lived experience (presenter with versus without an ADHD diagnosis) with N = 14 to 24 per group. The presenter without an ADHD diagnosis was a neuroscience expert. All conditions were associated with increased attribution of ADHD symptoms to the brain. Speaker quality ratings were high, especially in the personalized + ADHD diagnosis condition and the depersonalized + no ADHD diagnosis condition. While incorporating lived experience is important for authentic KT, we demonstrated that the KT presenter themselves need not have lived experience to change pre‐service teacher attitudes and beliefs. More work is needed to address the potential impacts of neuroscience expertise and other aspects of the presenters in our study.
Underwater vocalizations in foraging female Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) in the Kerguelen Islands
Authors: Chevallay Mathilde , Guinet Christophe , Jeanniard du Dot Tiphaine 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the marine environment, many animals use sound to interact and communicate with their conspecifics or other species. Over the last decades, the development of sound recording systems has allowed a significant advance in our knowledge of sound production in marine animals. We deployed miniature sound and movement tags on Antarctic fur seals (AFS), a small otariid foraging on mesopelagic fish, to uncover potential underwater vocalizations in this species. Tags recorded underwater sounds synchronously with high‐resolution AFS movements and diving behavior, allowing us to investigate the behavioral context of vocalizations in the natural environment. We provide evidence of underwater vocalizations in foraging female AFS in a context of foraging at sea. AFS produced stereotyped calls made of low‐frequency pulses produced in series, exclusively during foraging dives. We hypothesized that these acoustic pulse series could be used as an acoustic lure to confuse or attract fish prey, however, a larger sample size is needed to study the adaptive significance of these underwater vocalizations.
Suberin deficiency and its effect on the transport physiology of young poplar roots
Authors: Grünhofer Paul , Heimerich Ines , Pohl Svenja , Oertel Marlene , Meng Hongjun , Zi Lin , Lucignano Kevin , Bokhari Syed Nadeem Hussain , Guo Yayu , Li Ruili , Lin Jinxing , Fladung Matthias , Kreszies Tino , Stöcker Tyll , Schoof Heiko , Schreiber Lukas 
Published: February 2024

Summary
The precise functions of suberized apoplastic barriers in root water and nutrient transport physiology have not fully been elucidated. While lots of research has been performed with mutants of Arabidopsis, little to no data are available for mutants of agricultural crop or tree species.
By employing a combined set of physiological, histochemical, analytical, and transport physiological methods as well as RNA‐sequencing, this study investigated the implications of remarkable CRISPR/Cas9‐induced suberization defects in young roots of the economically important gray poplar.
While barely affecting overall plant development, contrary to literature‐based expectations significant root suberin reductions of up to 80–95% in four independent mutants were shown to not evidently affect the root hydraulic conductivity during non‐stress conditions. In addition, subliminal iron deficiency symptoms and increased translocation of a photosynthesis inhibitor as well as NaCl highlight the involvement of suberin in nutrient transport physiology.
The multifaceted nature of the root hydraulic conductivity does not allow drawing simplified conclusions such as that the suberin amount must always be correlated with the water transport properties of roots. However, the decreased masking of plasma membrane surface area could facilitate the uptake but also leakage of beneficial and harmful solutes.
Lipid transfer protein StLTPa enhances potato disease resistance against different pathogens by binding and disturbing the integrity of pathogens plasma membrane
Authors: Chen Xiaokang , Feng Jiashu , Li Zhenzhen , Feng Hui , Song Chunxu , Cai Lin , Joosten Matthieu H. A. J. , Du Yu 
Published: February 2024

SummaryPotato is the third most important food crop worldwide. Potato production suffers from severe diseases caused by multiple detrimental plant pathogens, and broad‐spectrum disease resistance genes are rarely identified in potato. Here we identified the potato non‐specific lipid transfer protein StLTPa, which enhances species none‐specific disease resistance against various pathogens, such as the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans, the fungal pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Verticillium dahliae, and the bacterial pathogens Pectobacterium carotovorum and Ralstonia solanacearum. The StLTPa overexpression potato lines do not show growth penalty. Furthermore, we provide evidence that StLTPa binds to lipids present in the plasma membrane (PM) of the hyphal cells of P. infestans, leading to an increased permeability of the PM. Adding of PI(3,5)P2 and PI(3)P could compete the binding of StLTPa to pathogen PM and reduce the inhibition effect of StLTPa. The lipid‐binding activity of StLTPa is essential for its role in pathogen inhibition and promotion of potato disease resistance. We propose that StLTPa enhances potato broad‐spectrum disease resistance by binding to, and thereby promoting the permeability of the PM of the cells of various pathogens. Overall, our discovery illustrates that increasing the expression of a single gene in potato enhances potato disease resistance against different pathogens without growth penalty.
CRISPR‐targeted mutagenesis of mitogen‐activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 improves both immunity and yield in wheat
Authors: Liu Saifei , Zhang Fengfeng , Su Jiaxuan , Fang Anfei , Tian Binnian , Yu Yang , Bi Chaowei , Ma Dongfang , Xiao Shunyuan , Yang Yuheng 
Published: February 2024

SummaryPlants have evolved a sophisticated immunity system for specific detection of pathogens and rapid induction of measured defences. Over‐ or constitutive activation of defences would negatively affect plant growth and development. Hence, the plant immune system is under tight positive and negative regulation. MAP kinase phosphatase1 (MKP1) has been identified as a negative regulator of plant immunity in model plant Arabidopsis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which MKP1 regulates immune signalling in wheat (Triticum aestivum) are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of TaMKP1 in wheat defence against two devastating fungal pathogens and determined its subcellular localization. We demonstrated that knock‐down of TaMKP1 by CRISPR/Cas9 in wheat resulted in enhanced resistance to rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) and powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), indicating that TaMKP1 negatively regulates disease resistance in wheat. Unexpectedly, while Tamkp1 mutant plants showed increased resistance to the two tested fungal pathogens they also had higher yield compared with wild‐type control plants without infection. Our results suggested that TaMKP1 interacts directly with dephosphorylated and activated TaMPK3/4/6, and TaMPK4 interacts directly with TaPAL. Taken together, we demonstrated TaMKP1 exert negative modulating roles in the activation of TaMPK3/4/6, which are required for MAPK‐mediated defence signalling. This facilitates our understanding of the important roles of MAP kinase phosphatases and MAPK cascades in plant immunity and production, and provides germplasm resources for breeding for high resistance and high yield.
Bilateral accessory axillary breast tissue in a premenarchal female
Authors: Class Madelyn M. , McCoy Kelly , Melin Alyson A. , Hafeez Farhaan , Abidi Nadia , Krakowski Andrew C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA 9‐year‐old premenarchal female presented to pediatric dermatology with a 6‐month history of periodically tender, bilateral and symmetric axillary masses. Magnetic resonance imaging and subsequent surgical excision confirmed the diagnosis of bilateral accessory axillary breast tissue. Accessory axillary breast tissue is a rare condition seen most in pubertal, pregnant and breastfeeding women. However, it can arise in pre‐adolescent patients and should be added to the differential diagnosis of an axillary mass.
Diversity of Colletotrichum causing anthracnose on Psidium guajava in varied Brazilian physiographic regions
Authors: Soares William R. O. , Vieira Willie A. S. , Reis Ailton , Miller Robert N. G. , Santos Maria D. M. , de Castro Costa Érica , Câmara Marcos P. S. , Café‐Filho Adalberto C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAnthracnose, caused by several Colletotrichum species, is a major restricting factor for guava production, but no comprehensive study of the causal agent has been conducted from the plant host centre of diversity. This work characterizes isolates from guava, mainly from the fruit, but also leaves and flowers, representing most Brazilian physiographies according to the partial sequences of the rDNA‐ITS, ApMAT, TUB2, HIS3 and GAPDH gene regions. In addition, the pathogenicity and aggressiveness to fruits of two widely planted guava varieties (SLG and RM) are described. Guava‐derived Colletotrichum isolates were found in five complexes: gloeosporioides, acutatum, boninense, gigasporum and orchidearum. The gloeosporioides complex was the most prevalent (81%), followed by the acutatum complex (14%). A total of 16 Colletotrichum species were naturally associated with guava anthracnose: C. aeschynomenes, C. asianum, C. chrysophilum, C. fructicola, C. gigasporum, C. gloeosporioides, C. karsti, C. melonis, C. musae, C. nymphaeae, C. paranaense, C. siamense, C. sojae, C. syzygicola, C. theobromicola and C. tropicale. Apart from C. nymphaeae and C. gloeosporioides, all the remaining 14 taxa are reported for the first time in P. guajava. The most aggressive species belonged to the C. gloeosporioides complex. C. siamense was the most prevalent, especially in warmer regions, followed by C. chrysophilum, mostly in temperate environments. The most aggressive species were C. siamense, C. chrysophilum, C. fructicola and C. tropicale. Fruits of the variety SLG were consistently more resistant to anthracnose than the fruits of RM.
Temporal changes in pre‐existing health conditions five years prior to pregnancy in British Columbia, Canada, 2000–2019
Authors: Lundborg Louise , Joseph K. S. , Lisonkova Sarka , Chan Wee‐Shian , Wen Qi , Ananth Cande V. , Razaz Neda 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundPre‐existing health conditions increase the risk of obstetric complications during pregnancy and birth. However, the prevalence and recent changes in the frequency of pre‐existing health conditions in the childbearing population remain unknown.ObjectivesTo estimate the temporal changes in the prevalence of pre‐existing health conditions among pregnant women in British Columbia, Canada.MethodsWe carried out a population‐based cross‐sectional study of 825,203 deliveries in BC between 2000 and 2019 and examined 17 categories of physical and psychiatric health conditions recorded within 5 years before childbirth. We also undertook age‐period‐cohort analyses to evaluate temporal changes in pre‐existing health conditions.ResultsThe prevalence of any pre‐existing health condition was 26.2% (n = 216,214) with overall trends remaining stable during the study period. Between 2000 and 2019, the prevalence rates of anxiety (5.6%–9.6%), bipolar (1.6%–3.4%), psychosis (0.7%–0.8%), and eating disorders (0.2%–0.3%) increased. The prevalence of hypertension increased sharply from 0.06% in 2000 to 0.3% in 2019. Diabetes mellitus and stroke rates increased, as did the prevalence of systemic lupus, multiple sclerosis, and chronic kidney disease. Advanced maternal age was strongly associated with both psychiatric and circulatory/metabolic conditions. A strong birth cohort effect was evident, with rates of psychiatric conditions increasing among women born after 1985.ConclusionsIn British Columbia, Canada, 1 in 4 mothers had a pre‐existing health condition 5 years prior to pregnancy. These findings underscore the need for multi‐disciplinary care for women with pre‐existing health conditions to improve maternal, foetal, and infant health.
Effects of simulated radioulnar synostosis on supination and pronation in cats. A cadaveric study
Authors: Senn Markus , Paulick Lutz , Brunnberg Leo , Slunsky Pavel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of an induced synostosis with a screw on pronation and supination in cats.Study designEx vivo biomechanical study.Sample populationA total of 58 feline forelimbs.MethodsA total of 58 cadaveric feline thoracic limbs were mounted on a custom‐built jig with the elbow and carpus flexed at a 90° angle. To exclude any orthopedic disease, radiographs of the forelimbs were performed prior to the mechanical tests. Radioulnar synostosis was imitated with a 2 mm cortical screw through the radius into the ulna in the proximal (Group P; n = 54), middle (Group M; n = 52), and distal (Group D; n = 53) radial diaphysis. The angles of pronation and supination were recorded after manually applying a two‐finger tight rotational force to the metacarpus. Rotational tests were performed without a screw (Group N) and with a screw in each of the aforementioned positions. Pairwise comparisons between the groups were performed based on their angles of rotation with a paired t‐test with the Benjamini‐Hochberg procedure and a mixed model ANOVA.ResultsMean angles of rotation decreased between Group N (129.5 ± 15.9°) and all groups with imitated radioulnar synostosis to a mean angle of 37.5 ± 14.5° (p < .0001). Mean angles of rotation did not differ between the groups with imitated radioulnar synostosis.ConclusionInduced radioulnar synostosis decreases antebrachial rotation by more than two‐thirds, regardless of location.Clinical significanceImplants fixating the radius to the ulna should be avoided in cats, regardless where they are located along the radial diaphysis.