bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High surface area and interconnected nanoporosity of clay-rich astromaterials
Authors: Garvie Laurence A.J. , Trif László , Cotto-Figueroa Desireé , Asphaug Erik , Hoover Christian G. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Several important processes, from meteor disruption in Earth’s atmosphere and impact with the ground, to the comminution of boulders by thermal and impact processes and slope mechanics on the surface of an asteroid, to access and utilization of in-situ resources, depend on astromaterial properties including porosity, sound speed, thermal conductivity, and compressive strength. Whereas the bulk porosity of clay-rich meteorites is well established, the magnitude of their surface area and nano-scale porosity is poorly known. Here we apply the N2 BET gas adsorption method to measure the scale-distribution and net surface area of porosity in a range of clay-rich meteorites. Tarda (C2-ung) has high surface area, up to 82 m2/g, dominated by an interconnected network of ~ 3-nm-sized pores. In comparison, Ivuna and Orgueil (CI1) and Aguas Zarcas and Murchison (CM2) have bimodal nanopore-size distributions with a lower density of ~ 3-nm pores and broader size distributions around 40 nm, and corresponding lower surface areas ~ 14–19 m2/g. The high-surface-area of Tarda may indicate a high density of intra-tachoid pores among and between the nano-sized aggregates of poorly ordered clays. Samples from asteroids Ryugu and Bennu, mineralogically and texturally similar to Tarda, may have similarly interconnected nano-scale porosity with high surface area.
An updated overview of Juvenile Systemic Sclerosis in a French cohort
Authors: Jacquel Léa , Bechara Rouba , Terzic Joëlle , Rameau Anne-Cécile , Chatelus Emmanuel , Rossi-Semerano Linda , Koné-Paut Isabelle , Meinzer Ulrich , Lemelle Irene , Rebelle Charlotte , Urbina Diego , Pillet Pascal , Choquet Pauline , Maamari Jad El , Zaloszyc Ariane 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: Systemic sclerosis encompasses a range of disorders characterized by vascular and connective tissue abnormalities. Although rare in pediatrics, juvenile systemic sclerosis (jSSc) is a severe and life-threatening condition that significantly impacts children's development. This study aimed to provide an overview of JSSc in France over the past decade.
Methods: Patients with disease onset before the age of 16 were included following a request for observations sent via email to member practitioners of the SOFREMIP (French pediatric Rheumatology society).
Results: Our study included 18 patients from 8 different French centers. While our cohort exhibited a balanced distribution between limited and diffuse subsets of the disease, we observed a higher prevalence of the diffuse subset in children above the age of 10. Skin induration was the most reported symptom, while Raynaud's phenomenon was present in 61% of the children at initial clinical evaluation. All children tested positive for antinuclear antibodies, with anti-Scl70 being the most common specificity, even among children with limited cutaneous subsets. Interestingly, we found a high sensitivity of the ACR / EULAR criteria for diagnosing jSSc in our cohort with 83% of patients meeting these criteria, except for 3 children who presented with overlap syndromes. Despite the frequent use of corticosteroids at the onset, no deaths or renal crises were reported. Three patients received treatment with biological agents, specifically Rituximab and Tocilizumab.
Conclusion: JSSc is a rare but severe disease requiring rapid, specialized, and multidisciplinary care. Further studies are needed to validate proper diagnosis criteria including overlap syndromes and evaluate the use of biotherapies in children.
A Low-Profile 3-D Printable Metastructure for Performance Improvement of Aperture Antennas
Authors: Ali Md Yeakub , Lalbakhsh Ali , Koziel Slawomir , Golunski Lukasz , Ahmed Foez , Asadnia Mohsen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

In order to increase the radiation performance of aperture-type antennas, this paper demonstrates a low-profile, planar, single-layered, three-dimensional (3-D) printable metastructure. The proposed hybridized metastructure is highly transparent as it is made out of novel hybrid meta-atoms having transmission coefficient magnitudes greater than - 0.72 dB and fully complies with the near-field phase transformation principle. The hybridized design approach makes the metastructure planar, low-profile, light in weight, and compatible with additive printing technology. For the proof-of-concept, such metastructure is developed and numerically verified to enhance the radiation performance of a resonant cavity antenna (RCA). With the proposed metastructure, the peak directivity improvement of RCA is 8.6 dBi (from 11.4 dBi to 20 dBi) at the operating frequency of 12.4 GHz. The aperture efficiency and 3-dB directivity bandwidth of RCA with the metastructure are 41.46% and 16.5%, respectively. Using readily accessible thermoplastics or polymers and copper with cost-effective fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3-D printing technology, the proposed planar hybridized metastructure can be prototyped commercially.
Volcanism takes a back seat driving global iron deposition after the Great Oxidation Event
Authors: Eyster Athena , Brengman Latisha , Bergmann Kristin , Ramezani Jahandar , George Sarah 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Clarifying linkages between oxygenation and the evolution of complex life requires identification of foundational controls on oxygenation, deoxygenation, and habitability. Massive iron formations are uniquely sensitive to levels of marine oxygen. Yet, temporal uncertainties hinder global comparison of these archives, especially after Earth’s initial surface oxygenation. We present new high-resolution geochronologic data associated with iron deposition on the Superior Craton after the Great Oxidation Event (GOE). By combining our new magmatic age constraints linked with iron deposition (206Pb/238U dates of 1886.5 ± 1.4, 1887.16 ± 0.91, and 1885.8 ± 1.9) with a revaluation of existing datasets and a simple, yet powerful, global summative approach to post-GOE iron deposits, we can critically assess conditions triggering post-GOE iron deposition and the factors influencing the trajectory of marine oxygen. Our results challenge the paradigm that extensive volcanism directly triggered ~1.88 Ga iron deposition. Instead, we propose that depressed atmospheric O2 and paleogeography (via ocean gateways and Ekman-induced upwellings) enhanced early Paleoproterozoic global iron deposition and controlled large-scale patterns of ocean oxygenation and deoxygenation through time.
Development of primary osteoarthritis during aging in genetically diverse UM- HET3 mice
Authors: Poudel Sher Bahadur , Ruff Ryan R , Yildirim Gozde , Miller Richard A , Harrison David E , Strong Randy , Kirsch Thorsten , Yakar Shoshana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Primary osteoarthritis (OA) occurs without identifiable underlying causes such as previous injuries or specific medical conditions. Age is a major contributing factor to OA, and as one ages, various joint tissues undergo gradual change, including degeneration of the articular cartilage, alterations in subchondral bone (SCB) morphology, and inflammation of the synovium.
Methods
We investigated the prevalence of primary OA in aged, genetically diverse UM-HET3 mice. Articular cartilage (AC) integrity and SCB morphology were assessed in 182 knee joints of 22–25 months old mice using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scoring system and micro-CT, respectively. Additionally, we explored the effects of methylene blue (MB) and mitoquinone (MitoQ), two agents that affect mitochondrial function, on the prevalence and progression of OA during aging.
Results
Aged UM-HET3 mice showed a high prevalence of primary OA in both sexes. Significant positive correlations were found between cumulative AC (cAC) scores and synovitis in both sexes, and osteophyte formation in female mice. Ectopic chondrogenesis did not show significant correlations with cAC scores. Significant direct correlations were found between AC scores and inflammatory markers in chondrocytes, including matrix metalloproteinase-13, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and the NLR family pyrin domain containing-3 inflammasome in both sexes, indicating a link between OA severity and inflammation. Additionally, markers of cell cycle arrest, such as p16 and β-galactosidase, also correlated with AC scores. In male mice, no significant correlations were found between SCB morphology traits and cAC scores, while in female mice, significant correlations were found between cAC scores and tibial SCB plate bone mineral density. Notably, MB and MitoQ treatments influenced the disease's progression in a sex-specific manner. MB treatment significantly reduced cAC scores at the medial knee joint, while MitoQ treatment reduced cAC scores, but these did not reach significance.
Conclusions
Our study provides comprehensive insights into the prevalence and progression of primary OA in aged UM-HET3 mice, highlighting the sex-specific effects of MB and MitoQ treatments. The correlations between AC scores and various pathological factors underscore the multifaceted nature of OA and its association with inflammation and subchondral bone changes.
A Novel Routing Protocol to Enhance Efficiency and Sustainability in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Mythili D , Duraisamy S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This research paper conducts a comparative analysis of energy-efficient routing protocols within Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), focusing on their role in optimizing the data gathering process.The evaluated protocols include LEACH, HEED, TEEN, and the novel CoSwarm-LEACH, leveraging effective data ensemble techniques and optimal clustering strategies. Their primary objective is to minimize energy dissipation among sensor nodes while maximizing resource utilization through the strategic election of cluster heads for each cluster.The protocols employ a criterion of selecting high residual energy nodes to facilitate energy-efficient routing, consequently enhancing packet delivery rates and reducing overall energy consumption. Experimental analysis reveals that the proposed CoSwarm-LEACH protocol surpasses existing energy-balanced routing protocols across multiple performance metrics, including latency, network overhead, energy consumption, and throughput.The findings unequivocally demonstrate the superior performance of CoSwarm-LEACH in comparison to conventional protocols, showcasing its potential to significantly extend the network lifetime of WSNs. The novel CoSwarm-LEACH protocol emerges as a promising solution, offering heightened efficiency and sustainability in WSN operations by optimizing energy-efficient routing strategies and improving overall network performance.
Preoperative serum selenium predicts acute kidney injury after adult cardiac surgery
Authors: Fu Guowei , Bai Shuying 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: The relationship between serum selenium (Se) and acute kidney injury after adult cardiac surgery remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association of preoperative Se level with incident CSA-AKI.
Method and Results: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent cardiac surgery. The primary outcome was incident CSA-AKI. Multivariable logistic regression models and natural cubic splines were used to estimate the association of Se levels and primary outcome. A total of 453 patient with a mean age of 62.97 years were included. Among all patients, 159 (35.1%) incident cases of CSA-AKI were identified. The level of preoperative Se concentration in patients with CSA-AKI was significant lower than that in patients without CSA-AKI. In comparison with patients in the lowest quartile, those with the highest quartile were associated with lower risk of CSA-AKI [adjusted OR (95% CI): 0.61(0.40-0.95)]. Dose-response relationship curve revealed a nearly L-shape correlation between serum Se selenium levels and incident CSA-AKI.
Conclusion: Our study suggested that a higher level of serum Se was significantly associated with lower risk of CSA-AKI. Further prospective studies are needed to clarify the causal relationship between serum Se level and incident CSA-AKI.
Stagnation point flow of MHD non-Newtonian fluid and thermal investigation with Joule heating, viscous dissipation and Soret effect
Authors: Awais Muhammad , Salahuddin T. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the numerical solution of magnetohydrodynamic Jeffery fluid past over the upper horizontal parabolic surface with the help of Adam-Milne Predictor Corrector method along with the RK method. Adams predictor-corrector technique is very significant because it improve accuracy of results as compared to using either method alone. The predictor step gives an initial approximation and the corrector step refines this approximation based on the implicit equation. The assumption based on the boundary layer and stagnation point flow of magnetohydrodynamic Jeffery fluid which is past on the melting upper horizontal parabolic surface and the physical aspects are examined with the variable fluid properties. The velocity slip effect on the surface of paraboloid is used to determine its influence on the movement of fluid. The thermal and solutal transfer rates has crucial role in the chemical reactions, climate changes, electronic devices, distillation and separation processes, water and air pollution. Therefore we considered both the thermal and solutal transfer rates with the effects of Joule heating, viscous dissipation, heat source/sink, activation energy and Soret effect. The implementation of all the assumption on the basic conservation laws gives us the governing equation in the form of PDE’s and then the similarity variables are translated these equations into the form of ODE’s. The numerical technique named as ‘Adams-Milne Predictor-Corrector method’ is adopted to solve the numerical solutions. The results are examined in the numerical and graphical forms. The graphical behavior of numerous parameters on the velocity, concentration and temperature regions are analyzed. The numerical findings of skin friction and Nusselt number are also placed here and compared the results with the Bvp5c and Adams-Milne (Predictor-Corrector) method. Graphical Abstract: The slip parameter, ratio of relaxation to retardation parameter, viscosity parameter, Deborah number and Hartmann number drops the velocity for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian cases whereas the velocity increases due to the stretching ratio parameter and melting surface coefficient. The heat source/sink parameter, Eckert number, viscosity parameter, thermal conduction coefficient and Hartmann number. The amplification in concentration region is examined by the consideration of Soret number, thermal diffusion and activation energy, while the reaction rate coefficient drops the concentration.
A Fusion of Chaotic and Genetic Algorithms for Unbreakable Data Hiding
Authors: Thangaraju Dineshkumar , R Asokan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Image steganography comprises concealing sensitive data inside digital images to ensure secure communication. In this research we introduce a ground-breaking method for image steganography that fuses chaotic and genetic algorithms, aiming to create a strong and impenetrable data concealment technique. The study applies Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT) to the image and services logistic map chaotic system to produce pseudo-random sequences. These sequences take a significant in identifying the most secure positions within the image to embed confidential message bits. This embedding process is highly secure and resilient against statistical attacks. Moreover, a genetic algorithm optimizes this process, bolstering the security of the steganography approach. Using a population-based search technique, the genetic algorithm efficiently explores the search space, identifying the optimal chromosome representation for data embedding. This significantly enhances the embedding capacity while minimizing distortion to the original image. Through extensive experimental evaluations and performance analyses, the study showcases the effectiveness and resilience of this proposed approach. The findings highlight that combining chaotic and genetic algorithms in image steganography markedly improves security, capacity, and resistance to attacks when compared to traditional methods.
Correlation of serum bone turnover markers with microstructure and macroscopic mechanical strength of lumbar cancellous bone during progression of osteoporosis
Authors: Jia Yuhao , Xia Ning , Xu Wei , Wang Wei , Zhao Jian , Wang Ling , Liu Da , Zhang Yingbo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This paper established an osteoporotic rabbit model by depopulation and the glucocorticoid method, investigated the weights of bone micro-parameters in macro-mechanics during OP progression, preliminary elucidated micro-mechanisms, and screened out bone turnover markers (BTMs) that have a strong correlation with bone macro-mechanical strength and microscopic spatial structure to provide the theoretical basis for OP and OP fracture.
Methods: 64 female White rabbits were chosen and assigned to two groups: one that underwent a sham operation (Sham group, n = 32) and the other that served as an osteoporosis model (OP group, n = 32). At four different postoperative time points (T = 0, 1, 2, and 4 months), respectively. The white rabbits in the Sham group and the OP group were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8) each. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to determine the lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) at various time intervals (T = 0, 1, 2, and 4 months), and serum BTMs were found using an ELISA test after blood was drawn and the animals were put to death. Axial compression testing and micro-CT were used to assess and characterise the cancellous bone in the lumbar spine specimens.
Results: Lumbar BMD, lumbar Lmax, Tb.Th, Tb.N, and BV/TV all steadily declined as OP progressed, while OC, PINP, CTX, and Tb.Sp all gradually rose. All bone microspatial characteristics were strongly linked with Lmax (p = 0.000) according to a person linear correlation analysis, with the best association found between Tb.Th and lumbar Lmax (r = 0.924, p = 0.000). PINP and OC had the strongest connections with lumbar Lmax (r = -0.958, p = 0.000), whereas CTX had the strongest correlation with Tb.Th (r = -0.955, p = 0.000), according to a correlation analysis of serum BTMs with bone strength and sensitive microspatial measures.
Conclusion: All lumbar cancellous bone microspatial parameters were correlated with macroscopic mechanical strength during OP progression, with Tb.Th having the strongest correlation. For BTMs, CTX had the strongest correlation with microspatial structure, and PINP and OC had the strongest correlation with macroscopic mechanical strength.
Endoscopic resection of stage T1 colorectal adenocarcinoma followed by surgical intervention: A single center retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Dongdong , Chen Lin , Wu Jixiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Domestic and international guidelines recommend endoscopic resection for stage T1 colorectal adenocarcinoma with indications. However, salvage surgery remains imperative for patients exhibiting high-risk factors subsequent to endoscopic procedures.
Objective
To investigate the evidence, pathological features, and surgical outcomes of re-operation in patients with T1 colorectal adenocarcinoma following endoscopic resection.
Methods
We retrospectively collect data on the clinical features and treatment outcomes of patients with stage T1 colorectal adenocarcinoma who underwent endoscopic resection followed by surgical resection and those who initially completed surgical intervention at Peking University International Hospital between January 2019 and October 2022. With the aim of assessing the necessity and feasibility of surgical intervention.
Results
Seventeen patients (Group A) with high-risk factors following endoscopic procedure experienced further surgical resection. The median interval between endoscopic resection and re-operation was 23.71 ± 15.89 days. Sixteen patients (Group B) underwent radical resection without any prior interventions. The surgical approach involves integration of laparoscopy and colonoscopy for precise localization and quantitative diagnosis, followed by radical surgery. The two groups demonstrated significant differences statistically with reference to tumor diameter (1.65cm ± 0.77cm vs 3.36cm ± 1.39cm, P = 0.000) and the attainment of standard lymph node count (cases of detected lymph nodes larger than or equal to twelve, 5 vs 12, P = 0.015). Postoperative complications and hospital stay manifested no significant disparity statistically in two groups. Patients with salvage surgery had no inferior outcomes compared with patients with direct surgery in terms of 5-years disease-free survival (Log rank test: P = 0.083, Breslow test: P = 0.089).
Conclusion
Remedial surgery is a safe and feasible treatment option for patients with T1 colorectal adenocarcinoma who cannot meet curative criteria after endoscopic treatment. Furthermore, subsequent treatment should be chosen based on a comprehensive analysis of the patient’s history of abdominal surgery, willingness, and pathological features.
Trial registration: The registration number ChiCTR2300078246 can be found on the website http://www.chictr.org.cn.
Omni-directional input energy spectrum of seismic sequence and performance of bridges in Yangbi earthquake
Authors: Huang Yong , Xie Yachen , Zhu Zhihui , Wu Yuexiang , Tian Liang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

In this study, a method of omni-directional input energy spectrum is proposed for the characteristics of seismic sequences and their effects on bridge structures, which can comprehensively analyze bidirectional seismic characteristics in order to clearly reveal the directional features of ground motions. The Yangbi earthquake sequence is chosen as the research object, and its characteristics are analyzed in depth using the omni-directional response spectrum and the omni-directional input energy spectrum. Meanwhile, numerical simulations of two typical bridges in Yangbi earthquake were conducted, and Park-Ang damage index was used to analyze the cumulative damage effect of the seismic sequence on the bridges as well as the influence of seismic directivity on the bridge damage. The results revealed that: the seismic sequence can exacerbate the structural damage caused by the mainshock; the foreshock and aftershock can change the overall seismic directivity and frequency spectrum characteristics of the seismic sequence; the dominant direction of the omni-directional input energy spectrum reflects the directional characteristics of the ground motions; the seismic directivity has a significant impact on the bridge structure, and in the case study the bridge damage is more severe when the bridge axis is parallel to the dominant direction of the omni-directional input spectrum of the ground motions than the original condition.