bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flan: An Expressive and Efficient Datalog Compiler for Program Analysis
Authors: Abeysinghe Supun , Xhebraj Anxhelo , Rompf Tiark 
Published: January 2024

Datalog has gained prominence in program analysis due to its expressiveness and ease of use. Its generic fixpoint resolution algorithm over relational domains simplifies the expression of many complex analyses. The performance and scalability issues of early Datalog approaches have been addressed by tools such as Soufflé through specialized code generation. Still, while pure Datalog is expressive enough to support a wide range of analyses, there is a growing need for extensions to accommodate increasingly complex analyses. This has led to the development of various extensions, such as Flix, Datafun, and Formulog, which enhance Datalog with features like arbitrary lattices and SMT constraints.Most of these extensions recognize the need for full interoperability between Datalog and a full-fledged programming language, a functionality that high-performance systems like Soufflé lack. Specifically, in most cases, they construct languages from scratch with first-class Datalog support, allowing greater flexibility. However, this flexibility often comes at the cost of performance due to the conflicting requirements of prioritizing modularity and abstraction over efficiency. Consequently, achieving both flexibility and compilation to highly-performant specialized code poses a significant challenge.In this work, we reconcile the competing demands of expressiveness and performance with Flan, a Datalog compiler fully embedded in Scala that leverages multi-stage programming to generate specialized code for enhanced performance. Our approach combines the flexibility of Flix with Soufflé’s performance, offering seamless integration with the host language that enables the addition of powerful extensions while generating specialized code for the entire computation. Flan’s simple operator interface allows the addition of an extensive set of features, including arbitrary aggregates, user-defined functions, and lattices, with multiple execution strategies such as binary and multi-way joins, supported by different indexing structures like specialized trees and hash tables, with minimal effort. We evaluate our system on a variety of benchmarks and compare it to established Datalog engines. Our results demonstrate competitive performance and speedups in the range of 1.4× to 12.5× compared to state-of-the-art systems for workloads of practical importance.
Type-Based Gradual Typing Performance Optimization
Authors: Campora John Peter , Khan Mohammad Wahiduzzaman , Chen Sheng 
Published: January 2024

Gradual typing has emerged as a popular design point in programming languages, attracting significant interests from both academia and industry. Programmers in gradually typed languages are free to utilize static and dynamic typing as needed. To make such languages sound, runtime checks mediate the boundary of typed and untyped code. Unfortunately, such checks can incur significant runtime overhead on programs that heavily mix static and dynamic typing. To combat this overhead without necessitating changes to the underlying implementations of languages, we present discriminative typing. Discriminative typing works by optimistically inferring types for functions and implementing an optimized version of the function based on this type. To preserve safety it also implements an un-optimized version of the function based purely on the provided annotations. With two versions of each function in hand, discriminative typing translates programs so that the optimized functions are called as frequently as possible while also preserving program behaviors.
We have implemented discriminative typing in Reticulated Python and have evaluated its performance
compared to guarded Reticulated Python. Our results show that discriminative typing improves the performance across 95% of tested programs, when compared to Reticulated, and achieves more than 4× speedup in more than 56% of these programs. We also compare its performance against a previous optimization approach and find that discriminative typing improved performance across 93% of tested programs, with 30% of these programs receiving speedups between 4 to 25 times. Finally, our evaluation shows that discriminative typing remarkably reduces the overhead of gradual typing on many mixed type configurations of programs.
In addition, we have implemented discriminative typing in Grift and evaluated its performance. Our
evaluation demonstrations that DT significantly improves performance of Grift
Gli anglicismi virali del 2020: le modalità comunicative di una crisi tra (pseudo) tecnicismi e italiano burocratico
Authors: Russo Vittoria 
Published: January 2024

Durante il periodo di emergenza sanitaria milioni di italiani hanno iniziato ad utilizzare piuttosto in fretta molte parole legate alla pandemia, la cui diffusione è avvenuta soprattutto grazie ai mezzi di comunicazione di massa che nel mondo di oggi, interconnesso e globalizzato, esercitano una grande influenza sugli usi linguistici. Alla base di questo studio vi è l’approfondimento di un fenomeno che riguarda la lingua italiana da molto e che continua ad essere piuttosto attuale: la presenza di termini ed espressioni inglesi, usati per indicare idee e concetti che hanno fatto e che continuano tuttora ad essere parte della lingua comune. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è quello di esaminare alcuni degli anglicismi più diffusi nel 2020 in relazione a due corpora distinti (uno di stampo giornalistico e uno istituzionale) e, attraverso uno studio di tipo esplorativo, capire il loro grado di diffusione e di sostituibilità. I risultati ottenuti, infatti, permettono di notare che molti di questi erano già presenti nella lingua italiana ma circoscritti a specifici ambiti settoriali: con l’avvento della pandemia, invece, e soprattutto attraverso i mass media, sono diventati di dominio generale.
Richieste in italiano e portoghese brasiliano: da uno studio contrastivo alla riflessione sull'interculturalità
Authors: Santoro Elisabetta , Silva Neto Mayara da 
Published: January 2024

Il Gruppo di ricerca “Pragmática (inter)linguística, cross-cultural e intercultural ” (CNPq/Fapesp/USP) sta conducendo un’indagine contrastiva incentrata sulle richieste e su come vengono realizzate in diverse lingue e culture, al fine di identificare somiglianze e differenze e di riflettere su come possono interferire nelle interazioni tra i parlanti. Ampiamente studiata, la richiesta è stata scelta per almeno due ragioni: (a) si trata di uno degli atti linguistici più frequenti; (b) è fortemente influenzata da fattori contestuali e culturali. Tali fattori assumono una rilevanza particolare se si considera che si tratta di un Face-Threatening Act o “atto minaccioso per la faccia” (BROWN; LEVINSON, 1987), visto che con una richiesta si cerca di indurre l’interlocutore a compiere un’azione (SEARLE, 1979) e così si mette in gioco sia la faccia positiva di chi la fa, sia la faccia negativa di chi la riceve. Di fatto, da una parte, un rifiuto può frustrare il bisogno di essere riconosciuti e approvati e, dall’altra, dover reagire a una richiesta può ostacolare la propria libertà individuale. I dati analizzati in questo articolo sono stati raccolti tramite uno degli strumenti utilizzati dal gruppo di ricerca: un Written Discourse Completion Task (WDCT), in cui si presentano situazioni di vita quotidiana che inducono la realizzazione di una richiesta. Ai partecipanti si chiede di scrivere ciò che direbbero se si trovassero nelle situazioni proposte che sono state elaborate tenendo conto di distanza sociale e grado di imposizione, due delle variabili contestuali proposte da Brown e Levinson (1987). I risultati presentati qui sono relativi a due campioni composti da 30 italiani e 30 brasiliani. L’analisi si concentra sugli atti principali e su alcune tipologie di atti di supporto (BLUM-KULKA et al., 1989), oltre che su come espressioni ricorrenti possono essere indizi di convenzionalità in ciascuna delle due lingue di riferimento, considerando in particolare in che modo la conoscenza di queste caratteristiche pragmatiche può influenzare le dinamiche comunicative interculturali.
Metabolic Profiling Identifies 1-MetHis and 3-IPA as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers for Patients With Acute and Chronic Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Kretzschmar Tom , Westphal Julian , Neugebauer Sophie , Wu Jasmine M.F. , Zeller Max , Bogoviku Jurgen , Bekhite Mohamed M. , Bekfani Tarek , Schlattmann Peter , Kiehntopf Michael , Franz Marcus , Schulze P. Christian 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
Metabolomics has become a valuable tool for identifying potential new biomarkers and metabolic profiles. It has the potential to improve the diagnosis and prognosis of different phenotypes of heart failure. To generate a distinctive metabolic profile, we assessed and compared the metabolic phenotypes of patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), and healthy controls.

METHODS:
Plasma metabolites were analyzed by liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry and the MxP Quant 500 kit in 15 patients with ADHF, 50 patients with CHF (25 with dilated cardiomyopathy, 25 with ischemic cardiomyopathy), and 13 controls.

RESULTS:

Of all metabolites identified to be significantly altered, 3-indolepropionic acid and 1-methyl histidine showed the highest concentration differences in ADHF and CHF compared with control. Area under the curve–receiver operating characteristic analysis showed an area under the curve ≥0.8 for 3-indolepropionic acid and 1-methyl histidine, displaying good discrimination capabilities between control and patient cohorts. Additionally, symmetrical dimethylarginine (mean, 1.97±0.61 [SD];
P
=0.01) was identified as a suitable biomarker candidate for ADHF and kynurenine (mean, 1.69±0.39 [SD];
P
=0.009) for CHF when compared with control, both demonstrating an area under the curve ≥0.85.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our study provides novel insights into the metabolic differences between ADHF and CHF and healthy controls. We here identify new metabolites for potential diagnostic and prognostic purposes.
A Scheme Transfer for Global Modernism
Authors: Spaulding Daniel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article proposes a new articulation of the field of global-modernist art history by way of three case studies: The influence of canonical African sculpture on early Cubism, the emergence of modern art in late-colonial South Asia, and Nigerian modernism around the moment of independence in 1960. Drawing on research by Joshua I. Cohen, Suzanne Preston Blier, Partha Mitter, Geeta Kapur, and Chika Okeke-Agulu, I argue that this growing field of inquiry is structured by observed parallelisms between practices that are separated by great geographical and cultural distances—parallelisms that are unavoidable, yet also potentially misleading. Rather than adopt a model either of unidirectional influence or amalgamating hybridity to systematize this field, I instead apply a disjunctive, diagrammatic formalism for which I borrow the notion of “scheme transfer” from Alfred Gell and Pierre Bourdieu. This is a way to articulate the transmission of specific formal and structural traits (for example, from the coast of West Africa to Paris) as being contingent and reversible rather than inevitably hierarchizing. Following suggestions in the work of Leo Bersani and Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, I thus recommend the mutability of the diagrammatic—or, to put it differently, a revised, non-totalizing structuralism—as a means of navigating the perils of the comparative enterprise.
A Versatile Calibration Method for Rotary-Wing UAS as Wind Measurement Systems
Authors: Bramati Matteo , Schön Martin , Schulz Daniel , Savvakis Vasileios , Wang Yongtan , Bange Jens , Platis Andreas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The use of small uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS) can effectively capture the wind profile in the lower atmospheric boundary layer. This study presents a calibration process to estimate the horizontal wind vector using a rotary-wing UAS in hovering conditions. This procedure does not require wind tunnels or meteorological masts, only the data from the flight control unit and a specific set of calibration flights. A model based on the UAS drag coefficient was proposed and compared to a traditional approach. Validation flights at the German Weather Service MOL-RAO observatory showed that the system can accurately predict wind speed and direction. A modified DJI S900 hexacopter with a Styrofoam sphere casing was used for the study and calibrated for wind speeds between 1 and 14 m s−1. Power spectral density analysis showed the system’s ability to resolve atmospheric eddies up to 0.1 Hz. The overall root-mean-square error was less than 0.7 m s−1 for wind speed and less than 8° for wind direction.
Is cognitive behavioral therapy more effective than pharmacotherapy for binge spectrum disorders? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Samara Myrto T , Michou Niki , Lappas Andreas S , Argyrou Aikaterini , Mathioudaki Elissavet , Bakaloudi Dimitra Rafailia , Tsekitsidi Eirini , Polyzopoulou Zoi A , Christodoulou Nikos , Papazisis Georgios , Chourdakis Michail 
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Binge spectrum disorders are prevalent worldwide. Psychiatric and medical comorbidities are common, and societal costs are significant. Evidence-based treatment remains underutilized. Cognitive behavioral therapy is the recommended first-line treatment, but pharmacotherapy may be easier to access. Interventions: Meta-analytic evidence directly comparing cognitive behavioral therapy with pharmacotherapy is lacking. We aimed to compare the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy interventions with any pharmacological treatment for binge spectrum disorders. We searched PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov and reference lists for randomized controlled trials comparing cognitive behavioral therapy with any pharmacotherapy for bulimia nervosa/binge eating disorder and performed pairwise meta-analytic evaluations. Primary Outcomes: Primary outcomes are remission and frequency of binges. Secondary outcomes are frequency of purges, response, eating disorder psychopathology, weight/body mass index, depression, anxiety, quality of life and dropouts. Results: Eleven randomized controlled trials comparing cognitive behavioral therapy with fluoxetine/imipramine/desipramine/methylphenidate/sibutramine were identified ( N = 531). Cognitive behavioral therapy was superior to antidepressants in terms of remission, frequency of binges and eating disorder psychopathology. There were no statistically significant differences for any of the individual cognitive behavioral therapy vs drug comparisons in terms of response/depression/anxiety/weight/quality of life/dropouts. Cognitive behavioral therapy was not superior to sibutramine/methylphenidate for the primary outcomes. Conclusions: Data are scarce, comparisons underpowered and, considering the inherent methodological limitations of psychotherapy trials, questions arise regarding the presumed superiority of cognitive behavioral therapy. Further research is needed.
The role of research university libraries in research data management: The case of Türkiye
Authors: Öztemiz Semanur , Şahin Hatice Nur 
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to reveal the current situation of research data management (RDM) services within the framework of data management responsibilities, policies, budget and resource competencies in libraries at research universities in Türkiye. The study also aims to present the potential of researchers from research universities to store and share their research data in data archives. Within the scope of the research, interviews were conducted with 15 participants who are responsible or have the potential to be responsible for the processes related to the RDM. In addition, the records of researchers, who are members of research universities, transferred to Zenodo and Aperta were examined within the scope of the study. According to the results, the amount of shared data sets in Zenodo and Aperta was quite small. However, almost all of the data transferred to these data archives is open access. Findings based on participant opinions showed that tools and techniques such as cloud storage, modern techniques, devices, and service providers, as well as resources such as budget, infrastructure and personnel for RDM are not sufficient at research universities in Türkiye. It is thought that this study will draw attention to the benefits of RDM services for universities by revealing what kind of roles the libraries affiliated with research universities play in the process of RDM.
Phosphonoformic acid reduces hyperphosphatemia-induced vascular calcification via Pit-1
Authors: Zang Hualong , Liu Yang , Teng Qiuping , Hua Jiao , Peng Dan , Wang Ping 
Published: January 2024

Objective This study aimed to examine the mechanism of hyperphosphatemia-induced vascular calcification (HPVC). Methods Primary human aortic smooth muscle cells and rat aortic rings were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with 0.9 mM or 2.5 mM phosphorus concentrations. Type III sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporter-1 (Pit-1) small interfering RNA and phosphonoformic acid (PFA), a Pit-1 inhibitor, were used to investigate the effects and mechanisms of Pit-1 on HPVC. Calcium content shown by Alizarin red staining, expression levels of Pit-1, and characteristic molecules for phenotypic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells were examined. Results Hyperphosphatemia induced the upregulation of Pit-1 expression, facilitated phenotypic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells, and led to HPVC in cellular and organ models. Treatment with Pit-1 small interfering RNA or PFA significantly inhibited Pit-1 expression, suppressed phenotypic transition, and attenuated HPVC. Conclusions Our findings suggest that Pit-1 plays a pivotal role in the development of HPVC. The use of PFA as a Pit-1 inhibitor has the potential for therapeutic intervention in patients with HPVC. However, further rigorous clinical investigations are required to ensure the safety and efficacy of PFA before it can be considered for widespread implementation in clinical practice.
Association Between Proximal Hamstring Tear Characteristics and Achievement of Clinically Significant Outcomes After Endoscopic and Open Repair at Minimum 2-Year Follow-up
Authors: Fenn Thomas W. , Brusalis Christopher M. , Allahabadi Sachin , Alvero Alexander B. , Ebersole John W. , Nho Shane J. 
Published: January 2024

Background: The effect of preoperative tear characteristics and the relative efficacy of open versus endoscopic surgical techniques have not been elucidated for the surgical treatment of proximal hamstring tendon injuries. Purpose: (1) To report on achievement rates of clinically significant outcomes at a minimum 2-year follow-up for multiple patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after surgical treatment of proximal hamstring injuries, stratified according to severity of proximal hamstring injury, and (2) to compare clinical outcomes associated with endoscopic versus open surgical repair for a subset of similarly classified tears. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3 Methods: A single-surgeon clinical registry was queried for patients who underwent surgical repair for proximal hamstring ruptures between January 2012 and March 2021. Injuries were classified by magnetic resonance imaging as follows: grade 1, incomplete tear with the involvement of 1 or 2 tendons; grade 2, complete tear with the involvement of 3 tendons and ≤2-cm retraction; and grade 3, complete tear with the involvement of 3 tendons and >2-cm retraction. The Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) for multiple PROs was calculated and compared among injury grades and between surgical techniques. Results: Among 75 patients with a mean follow-up of 30.5 ± 5.1 months, 20 had grade 1 tears, 24 had grade 2 tears, and 31 had grade 3 tears. Favorable 2-year postoperative PROs were demonstrated by each grade for all measured PROs. Patients with grade 3 tears were noted to have significantly lower rates of 2-year PASS achievement for the Hip Outcome Score–Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL) and Hip Outcome Score–Sports Specific (HOS-SS) scales ( P≤ .032). Among grade 2 tears, patients treated endoscopically demonstrated significantly greater HOS-SS (endoscopic, 91.7%; open, 58.3%; P = .045) and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System for Physical Function (endoscopic, 80.0%; open, 50.0%; P = .033) PASS achievement rates compared with those treated with the open technique. Complication rates were highest in patients with grade 3 tears (45.2%, P = .043). Conclusion: Surgical repair of proximal hamstring tendon tears with varying extents of tendon retraction resulted in high rates of achieving PASS at the 2-year follow-up. Among complete tears with <2 cm of retraction, endoscopic repairs exhibited equal or higher rates of achieving PASS compared with open repairs across multiple PROs at 2 years postoperatively. However, patients with complete tears and retraction >2 cm achieved lower rates of PASS on the HOS-ADL and HOS-SS scales and had a higher rate of complications.
Lighting fires: On creating large group dialogue in organizations and society [CLGD]
Authors: von Sommaruga Howard Teresa 
Published: January 2024

This paper describes the process of designing, setting up and conducting a pioneering series of workshops to introduce Patrick de Maré’s thinking and practice, often referred to as the ‘Large Group Course’. Although described in this way, the pattern of lectures, seminars and supervision alongside either therapy or experiential groups, in discrete sessions, usually associated with group analytic training is not followed. Instead, the workshops are conducted entirely as a Median Group in various forms including a seminar, two group consultations and several experiential sessions with the addition of two sessions of social dreaming each weekend. As the learning is intended to be experiential, apart from an extensive reading list, the curriculum is not specified in advance and there is a very limited didactic component. The ‘course’ was designed with the ‘Matching Principle’ in mind: an approach I encountered and worked with on the MA in Therapeutic Child Care at the University of Reading, (Ward, 1998:77). Elements of practice are imported by participants, to reduce the usual gap between training and practice so that the role of the unconscious is more directly brought to light. As the intention is to encourage ‘outsight’ into the socio-cultural forces that have invisibly shaped us, as opposed to insight (de Maré, 2012: 129), participants are given the opportunity to embody connections between their personal experience and the socio-political context as a step towards visualizing and working experientially with the social processes they encounter every day: the ‘Larger Group in the mind’. Always implicit in the work of the Larger Group is learning to notice and reveal hidden discourses, the voices of those with usually excluded histories: ‘subalterns’ or the indigenous and dispossessed in society, particularly people from or in colonized societies, who are excluded through hegemonic structures (Spivak, 1988). This is a key element of the work that needs to be experienced to be understood. As people join from across the world from many backgrounds and cultures, the inevitability of being faced with completely different perspectives and world views challenge those of us from the western world to question our privilege and thinking.