bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large diversity in AMOC internal variability across NEMO-based climate models
Authors: Zhao Alcide , Robson Jon , Sutton Rowan , Lai Michael W.K. , Mecking Jennifer V. , Yeager Stephen , Petit Tillys 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe characterise, and explore the drivers of, differences in the internal variability of the atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) across five NEMO-based CMIP6 class climate models. While the variability of AMOC variability is dominated by its lower dense limb in all models, there is large diversity in the timescale, multidecadal variability, and latitudinal coherence of AMOC across models. In particular, the UK models have much weaker AMOC multidecadal variability and latitudinal coherence. The model diversity is associated with differences in salinity-governed surface density variations which drive high-density water mass transformation (WMT) in the Greenland–Iceland–Norwegian Seas (GIN) and the Arctic. Specifically, GIN Seas WMT shows large multidecadal variability which has a major impact on AMOC variability in non-UK models. In contrast, the smaller variability in GIN Seas WMT in the UK models has limited impact on the lower latitude AMOC via the Denmark strait overflow mass transport. This leads to a latitudinally less coherent and weaker multidecadal variability of the AMOC lower limb. Such differences between UK and non-UK models are related to differences in model mean states and densification processes in the Arctic and GIN Seas. Consequently, we recommend further in-depth studies to better understand and constrain processes driving salinity changes in the Arctic and GIN Seas for more reliable representation of the AMOC in climate models.
The complex interplay between perception, cognition, and action: a commentary on Bach et al. 2022
Authors: O’Shea Helen , Bek Judith 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBach (Psychological Research 2022, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-022-01773-w) offer a re-conceptualisation of motor imagery, influenced by older ideas of ideomotor action and formulated in terms of action effects rather than motor output. We share the view of an essential role of action effect in action planning and motor imagery processes, but we challenge the claim that motor imagery is non-motoric in nature. In the present article, we critically review some of Bach et al.’s proposed ideas and pose questions of whether effect and motor processes are functionally separable, and if not, what mechanisms underlie motor imagery and what terminology best captures its function.
Local gradient analysis of human brain function using the Vogt-Bailey Index
Authors: Farrugia Christine , Galdi Paola , Irazu Irati Arenzana , Scerri Kenneth , Bajada Claude J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this work, we take a closer look at the Vogt-Bailey (VB) index, proposed in Bajada et al. (NeuroImage 221:117140, 2020) as a tool for studying local functional homogeneity in the human cortex. We interpret the VB index in terms of the minimum ratio cut, a scaled cut-set weight that indicates whether a network can easily be disconnected into two parts having a comparable number of nodes. In our case, the nodes of the network consist of a brain vertex/voxel and its neighbours, and a given edge is weighted according to the affinity of the nodes it connects (as reflected by the modified Pearson correlation between their fMRI time series). Consequently, the minimum ratio cut quantifies the degree of small-scale similarity in brain activity: the greater the similarity, the ‘heavier’ the edges and the more difficult it is to disconnect the network, hence the higher the value of the minimum ratio cut. We compare the performance of the VB index with that of the Regional Homogeneity (ReHo) algorithm, commonly used to assess whether voxels in close proximity have synchronised fMRI signals, and find that the VB index is uniquely placed to detect sharp changes in the (local) functional organization of the human cortex.
Propranolol inhibits EMT and metastasis in breast cancer through miR-499-5p-mediated Sox6
Authors: Zheng Bo , Du PeiXin , Zeng Zhi , Cao Peng , Ma Xuelei , Jiang Yu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study will focus on 4T1 cells, a murine mammary adenocarcinoma cell line, as the primary research subject. We aim to investigate the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of propranolol on epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast cancer cells, aiming to elucidate this phenomenon at the miRNA level.

Methods
In this study, the EMT inhibitory effect of propranolol was observed through in vitro and animal experiments. For the screening of potential target miRNAs and downstream target genes, second-generation sequencing (SGS) and bioinformatics analysis were conducted. Following the screening process, the identified target miRNAs and their respective target genes were confirmed using various experimental methods. To confirm the target miRNAs and target genes, Western Blot (WB), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and immunofluorescence experiments were performed.

Results
In this study, we found that propranolol significantly reduced lung metastasis in 4T1 murine breast cancer cells (p < 0.05). In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that propranolol inhibited the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) as evidenced by Western Blot analysis (p < 0.05). Through next-generation sequencing (SGS), subsequent bioinformatics analysis, and PCR validation, we identified a marked downregulation of miR-499-5p (p < 0.05), suggesting its potential involvement in mediating the suppressive effects of propranolol on EMT. Overexpression of miR-499-5p promoted EMT, migration, and invasion of 4T1 cells, and these effects were not reversed or attenuated by propranolol (Validated via Western Blot, wound healing assay, transwell migration, and invasion assays, p < 0.05). Sox6 was identified as a functional target of miR-499-5p, with its downregulation correlating with the observed EMT changes (p < 0.05). Silencing Sox6 or overexpressing miR-499-5p inhibited Sox6 expression, further promoting the processes of EMT, invasion, and migration in 4T1 cells. Notably, these effects were not alleviated by propranolol (validated via Western Blot, wound healing assay, transwell migration, and invasion assays, p < 0.05). The direct interaction between miR-499-5p and Sox6 mRNA was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay.

Conclusion
These results suggest that propranolol may have potential as a therapeutic agent for breast cancer treatment by targeting EMT and its regulatory mechanisms.
The Economic Costs of Informal Care: Estimates from a National Cross-Sectional Survey in The Netherlands
Authors: Elayan Saif , Angelini Viola , Buskens Erik , de Boer Alice 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFaced with an unprecedented demand for long-term care, European health care systems are moving towards mixed care models, where the welfare state and informal caregivers share care responsibilities. While informal care is often viewed as a means of alleviating pressure on public care, it comes with significant economic costs for caregivers, their employers, and society at large. This study uses nationally representative data to estimate the total direct (informal care time and out-of-pocket costs) and indirect (productivity) economic costs of informal care in the Netherlands in 2019. Informal care time costs are estimated using the opportunity cost and the proxy good methods. Indirect costs are estimated using the human capital and friction cost approaches. Our results reveal the considerable annual societal cost of informal care in the Netherlands, ranging between €17.5 billion and €30.1 billion, depending on the valuation approach. These costs are equivalent to 2.15% and 3.71% of Dutch GDP in 2019, comparable to the public expenditure on long-term care in that year. Female caregivers account for slightly more than half (53%–57%) of the total costs. Around 57%–88% of these costs are in the form of informal care time. The main driver of indirect costs is the temporary cessation of work, which comprises 12%–17% of the total costs. Findings corroborate that substantial resources, yet thus far largely disregarded, are spent on informal care even in a country with a relatively generous public long-term care system.
On totally semipermutable products of finite groups
Authors: Ballester-Bolinches A. , Cossey J. , Madanha S. Y. , Pedraza-Aguilera M. C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe say a group G = AB is the totally semipermutable product of subgroups A and B if every Sylow subgroup P of A is totally permutable with every Sylow subgroup Q of B whenever $$ \gcd(|P|,|Q|)=1 $$

gcd
(
|
P
|
,
|
Q
|
)
=
1

. Products of pairwise totally semipermutable subgroups are studied in this article. Let $$ \mathfrak{U} $$
U
denote the class of supersoluble groups and $$ \mathfrak{D} $$
D
denote the formation of all groups which have an ordered Sylow tower of supersoluble type. We obtain the $$ \mathfrak{F} $$
F
-residual of the product from the $$ \mathfrak{F} $$
F
-residuals of the pairwise totally semipermutable subgroups when $$ \mathfrak{F} $$
F
is a subgroup-closed saturated formation such that $$ \mathfrak{U}\subseteq \mathfrak{F}\subseteq \mathfrak{D} $$

U
⊆
F
⊆
D

.
Parametric resonance of axially functionally graded pipes conveying pulsating fluid
Authors: Jing Jie , Mao Xiaoye , Ding Hu , Chen Liqun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBased on the generalized Hamilton’s principle, the nonlinear governing equation of an axially functionally graded (AFG) pipe is established. The non-trivial equilibrium configuration is superposed by the modal functions of a simply supported beam. Via the direct multi-scale method, the response and stability boundary to the pulsating fluid velocity are solved analytically and verified by the differential quadrature element method (DQEM). The influence of Young’s modulus gradient on the parametric resonance is investigated in the subcritical and supercritical regions. In general, the pipe in the supercritical region is more sensitive to the pulsating excitation. The nonlinearity changes from hard to soft, and the non-trivial equilibrium configuration introduces more frequency components to the vibration. Besides, the increasing Young’s modulus gradient improves the critical pulsating flow velocity of the parametric resonance, and further enhances the stability of the system. In addition, when the temperature increases along the axial direction, reducing the gradient parameter can enhance the response asymmetry. This work further complements the theoretical analysis of pipes conveying pulsating fluid.
Modeling Indium Extraction, Supply, Price, Use and Recycling 1930–2200 Using the WORLD7 Model: Implication for the Imaginaries of Sustainable Europe 2050
Authors: Sverdrup Harald Ulrik , van Allen Ole , Haraldsson Hördur Valdimar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe increasing need for indium in photovoltaic technologies is set to exceed available supply. Current estimates suggest only 25% of global solar cell demand for indium can be met, posing a significant challenge for the energy transition. Using the WORLD7 model, this study evaluated the sustainability of indium production and overall market supply. The model considers both mass balance and the dynamic interplay of supply–demand in determining indium prices. It is estimated that a total of 312,000 tons of indium can be extracted. However, the primary hindrance to supply is the availability of extraction opportunities and the necessary infrastructure. Unless we improve production capacity, indium may face shortages, hindering the advancement of pivotal technologies. A concern observed is the insufficient rate of indium recycling. Boosting this could greatly alleviate supply pressures. Projections indicate that indium production will reach its peak between 2025 and 2030, while the peak for photovoltaic solar panels due to indium shortages is anticipated around 2090, with an installed capacity of 1200 GW. Thus, the growth of photovoltaic capacity may lag behind actual demand. For a sustainable future, understanding the role of essential metals like indium is crucial. The European Environment Agency (EEA) introduced four “imaginaries” depicting visions of a sustainable Europe by 2050 (SE2050), each representing a unique future set within specific parameters. Currently, Europe is heavily dependent on imports for tech metals and has limited recycling capabilities, putting it at a disadvantage in a global context. To achieve sustainability, there is a need for improved infrastructure for extraction, recycling, and conservation of metals such as indium. These resources are crucial for realizing Europe’s 2050 sustainability objectives. Furthermore, understanding the role of these metals in wider overarching strategies is vital for envisioning a sustainable European Union by 2050, as depicted in the Imaginaries.
Ambiguity attitudes toward natural and artificial sources in gain and loss domains
Authors: Watanabe Masahide , Fujimi Toshio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, we compare ambiguity attitudes—ambiguity aversion and ambiguity-generated insensitivity (a-insensitivity)—toward natural and artificial sources of ambiguity in gain and loss domains with the participation of individuals with various attributes. In our experiment, we use precipitation during the rainy season as a natural source of ambiguity and the Ellsberg-type box as an artificial source. We find that people are more a-insensitive toward the natural source than the artificial source, even though the outcomes are identical. Additionally, people with low cognitive reflection ability are more a-insensitive than those with high cognitive reflection ability. Thus, people with low cognitive reflection ability have more difficulty in identifying likelihood under ambiguity and tend to view the likelihood of all uncertain events to be equal. Furthermore, we examine the relationships between ambiguity attitudes and real-world behaviors with regard to flood preparedness. In the group with high cognitive reflection ability, people with higher a-insensitivity are less likely to adopt flood preparedness behaviors in the gain domain of the natural source. However, we do not find any relationship between ambiguity attitudes and flood preparedness behaviors in the artificial source. Thus, applying ambiguity attitudes toward natural sources is worth considering when explaining real-world behaviors based on ambiguity attitudes.
Bayesian defeat of certainties
Authors: Rescorla Michael 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhen P(E) > 0, conditional probabilities P$$(H|E)$$

(
H
|
E
)

are given by the ratio formula. An agent engages in ratio conditionalization when she updates her credences using conditional probabilities dictated by the ratio formula. Ratio conditionalization cannot eradicate certainties, including certainties gained through prior exercises of ratio conditionalization. An agent who updates her credences only through ratio conditionalization risks permanent certainty in propositions against which she has overwhelming evidence. To avoid this undesirable consequence, I argue that we should supplement ratio conditionalization with Kolmogorov conditionalization, a strategy for updating credences based on propositions E such that P(E) = 0. Kolmogorov conditionalization can eradicate certainties, including certainties gained through prior exercises of conditionalization. Adducing general theorems and detailed examples, I show that Kolmogorov conditionalization helps us model epistemic defeat across a wide range of circumstances.
Analyzing university students’ entrepreneurial intentions under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Cardella Giuseppina Maria , Barba-Sánchez Virginia , Meseguer-Martinez Ángel , Hernández-Sánchez Brizeida , Sánchez-García José Carlos 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study examines the influence of psychological variables on university students' entrepreneurial intention during the current crisis. We argue that individuals use their psychological resources to cope with adverse situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. We therefore investigate how the basic psychological needs satisfaction, proactivity and optimism positively influence the intentions of choosing an entrepreneurial career and, on the contrary, how the impact of COVID-19 pandemic perception on the future country's economy can negatively affect the student’s career choice. Methodologically, we used structural equation modelling on a sample of 201 university students in Spain. Our findings support the idea that entrepreneurial intentions are hampered by the perception of COVID-19, but promoted by the basic psychological needs satisfaction, as a motivational factor, when driven by optimism and proactivity. Our research has important implications. From a theoretical point of view, it contributes to the little existing literature on the importance of factors that promote entrepreneurial intention in adverse conditions, demonstrating that students' psychological characteristics can support their performance and, therefore, the economic and social development of the community. From a practical perspective, the present work has important implications for educators and policymakers to introduce programs that encourage entrepreneurship in students by cultivating proactivity and optimism and by offering educational resources that help students reduce perceived risk and increase motivation towards an entrepreneurial career.
k-means clustering for persistent homology
Authors: Cao Yueqi , Leung Prudence , Monod Anthea 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPersistent homology is a methodology central to topological data analysis that extracts and summarizes the topological features within a dataset as a persistence diagram. It has recently gained much popularity from its myriad successful applications to many domains, however, its algebraic construction induces a metric space of persistence diagrams with a highly complex geometry. In this paper, we prove convergence of thek-means clustering algorithm on persistence diagram space and establish theoretical properties of the solution to the optimization problem in the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker framework. Additionally, we perform numerical experiments on both simulated and real data of various representations of persistent homology, including embeddings of persistence diagrams as well as diagrams themselves and their generalizations as persistence measures. We find thatk-means clustering performance directly on persistence diagrams and measures outperform their vectorized representations.
Methodology for soft-sensor design and in-process surface conditioning in turning of aluminum alloys
Authors: Junge Thomas , Mehner Thomas , Nestler Andreas , Lampke Thomas , Schubert Andreas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSurface properties significantly influence the performance of machined parts. However, they cannot be measured directly during machining. For surface conditioning based on a soft sensor, it is necessary to monitor process characteristics like temperatures and forces, which influence the surface state. Soft-sensor development in machining requires a robust methodology, which is adaptable to different materials and machining processes. In addition, a measurement system that combines hardware sensors to measure temperatures and process forces has to be implemented into the machine tool. In the present study, a suitable methodology is proposed and tested using a tool-workpiece thermocouple and a dynamometer to determine the thermomechanical workpiece load during turning of the aluminum alloys EN AW-2017 and EN AW-7075. Experimental investigations are performed according to a D-optimal statistical design of experiments. For this, the machining parameters cutting speed, feed, depth of cut, as well as the flank wear land width are varied on four levels. Subsequent measurements of residual stresses and the surface roughness are used to correlate the surface state with input parameters and their resulting thermomechanical workpiece load by multiple regression based on analysis of variance (ANOVA). It is found that the methodology is applicable and allows for the prediction of surface states. The developed soft sensors enable an in-process control of machining parameters, which enables a robust prediction and targeted conditioning of the addressed surface properties during machining.
The Cancer Screening and Survivorship Program at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center
Authors: Flores Tessa , Crabtree-Ide Christina R. , Glaser Kathryn M. , Reid Mary 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center (Roswell) is the only NCI-designated cancer center in New York State outside of the New York City metropolitan area. The Cancer Screening and Survivorship Program combines cancer screening services with survivorship care in a freestanding centralized clinic with providers also dispersed to see survivors in other clinical areas. The aims of the program are to provide comprehensive, patient-centered care to cancer survivors and their families and caregivers by addressing symptoms, supporting wellness, prevention and quality of life, and engaging community primary care providers in a shared-care model. The clinic is led by an onco-generalist, defined as an internal medicine trained physician serving cancer survivor’s medical issues from all cancer disease sites. Roswell’s Cancer Screening and Survivorship Program growth and development is guided by ongoing research related to patient needs and barriers to care, overall quality of life, health promotion and prevention, as well as education and training to build a more robust cancer survivorship workforce. The cancer center leadership has identified the expansion of cancer survivorship paired with community outreach and engagement, PCP outreach and education, and comprehensive cancer screening services as one of the key strategic areas of growth over the next decade. With the investment in our long-term strategic plan, we expect to continue to grow and serve a broader community of cancer survivors and further our research related to the structure and outcomes of our programmatic activities.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
This program provides robust whole-person care for cancer survivors and provides an example of successful infrastructure for cancer survivorship.