bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use, adherence, and evaluation of interactive text-messaging among women admitted to prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV care in Kenya (WelTel PMTCT)
Authors: Nordberg Björn , Kaguiri Eunice , Chamorro de Angeles Katrine J. , Gabriel Erin E. , van der Kop Mia Liisa , Mwangi Winfred , Lester Richard T. , Were Edwin , Ekström Anna Mia , Rautiainen Susanne 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo improve future mobile health (mHealth) interventions in resource-limited settings, knowledge of participants’ adherence to interactive interventions is needed, but previous studies are limited. We aimed to investigate how women in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) care in Kenya used, adhered to, and evaluated an interactive text-messaging intervention.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study nested within the WelTel PMTCT trial among 299 pregnant women living with HIV aged ≥ 18 years. They received weekly text messages from their first antenatal care visit until 24 months postpartum asking “How are you?”. They were instructed to text within 48 h stating that they were “okay” or had a “problem”. Healthcare workers phoned non-responders and problem-responders to manage any issue. We used multivariable-adjusted logistic and negative binomial regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs), rate ratios (aRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess associations between baseline characteristics and text responses. Perceptions of the intervention were evaluated through interviewer-administered follow-up questionnaires at 24 months postpartum.ResultsThe 299 participants sent 15,183 (48%) okay-responses and 438 (1%) problem-responses. There were 16,017 (51%) instances of non-response. The proportion of non-responses increased with time and exceeded 50% around 14 months from enrolment. Most reported problems were health related (84%). Having secondary education was associated with reporting a problem (aOR:1.88; 95%CI: 1.08–3.27) compared to having primary education or less. Younger age (18–24 years) was associated with responding to < 50% of messages (aOR:2.20; 95%CI: 1.03–4.72), compared to being 35–44 years. Women with higher than secondary education were less likely (aOR:0.28; 95%CI: 0.13–0.64), to respond to < 50% of messages compared to women with primary education or less. Women who had disclosed their HIV status had a lower rate of non-response (aRR:0.77; 95%CI: 0.60–0.97). In interviews with 176 women, 167 (95%) agreed or strongly agreed that the intervention had been helpful, mainly by improving access to and communication with their healthcare providers (43%).ConclusionIn this observational study, women of younger age, lower education, and who had not disclosed their HIV status were less likely to adhere to interactive text-messaging. The majority of those still enrolled at the end of the intervention reported that text-messaging had been helpful, mainly by improving access to healthcare providers. Future mHealth interventions aiming to improve PMTCT care need to be targeted to attract the attention of women with lower education and younger age.
Ultrasound assessment of malnutrition in infancy: a pilot case-control study
Authors: Tai Meng-Fan , Bvalani Ruth , Nkhalema Bazwell , Mbale Emmie , Chetcuti Karen , Iroh Tam Pui-Ying 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aimed at determining the intra- and inter-rater reliability in ultrasound body composition measurements and investigating the differences between malnourished and non-malnourished infants. Sonographic images for measurements of fat and muscle thickness were compared between 9 malnourished and 9 non-malnourished hospitalized infants. The mean of fat and muscle thickness sums were 12.44 ± 7.58 mm and 28.98 ± 7.18 mm, respectively. The intra- and inter-rater intraclass correlation coefficient were above 0.9 for both measurements, indicating high intra- and inter-rater reliability. Compared to non-malnourished infants, malnourished infants have 45% of fat thickness sum and 71% of muscle thickness sum. Ultrasound measurements of body composition in infants were different between hospitalized malnourished and non-malnourished infants. This approach has the potential to be utilized more broadly, from assessing the nutritional status of critically ill infants in intensive care units to screening for malnutrition in high-risk infant populations.
Depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and associated factors among adults, in the Eastern part of Ethiopia
Authors: Bete Tilahun , Misgana Tadesse , Nigussie Kabtamu , Aliye Kemal , Abdeta Tilahun , Wedaje Dawud , Hunduma Gari , Assefa Abduselam , Tesfaye Dejene , Asfaw Henock , Amano Abdulkarim , Tariku Mandaras , Dereje Jerman , Ali Tilahun , Mohammed Fethia , Demissie Mekdes , Mohammed Ahmed , Hayru Nejiba , Assefa Birhanu , Wilfong Tara , Alemu Daniel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Depressive disorder is one of the severe and common mental illnesses in the general population. Bipolar disorder is a severe, persistent mental illness associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, there is a paucity of data on the prevalence of depressive disorder, and bipolar disorder in our study area.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depressive and bipolar disorders among adults in Kersa, Haramaya, and Harar Health and Demographic Surveillance Sites in Eastern Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,416 participants. A multi-stage sampling was employed to select the participants. DSM-5 diagnostic criteria was used to assess depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. Data was collected using a standard questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi-Data 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Both binary and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done. Those with a p-value < 0.05 in the final model were considered statistically significant.

Results
The overall prevalence of depressive and bipolar disorders among our study participants was 6.7% (95% CI: 5.40, 8.20) and 2.1% (95% CI: (1.40, 3.00), respectively. The independent predictors of depressive disorder included a family history of mental illness, chronic medical illnesses, unemployment, low educational status, divorced or widowed, poor social support, and current alcohol use or khat chewing. Single, males, divorced or widowed, and current consumers of alcohol were independent predictors for bipolar disorder.

Conclusions and recommendation
The results of our investigation showed that bipolar illness and depression were significant public health issues. It was shown that although bipolar disorder is highly prevalent in the society, depression is a widespread concern. As a result, it is imperative that the relevant body grow and enhance the provision of mental health services. Furthermore, research on the effects and burdens of bipolar disorder in the community is required.
Insufficient compensatory pancreatic β-cells function might be closely associated with hyperuricemia in U.S. adults: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Shen Tianran , Zheng Qiutong , Zhong Liling , Zeng Xia , Yuan Xiaojing , Mo Fengxin , Zhu Shiheng , Yang Wenhan , Chen Qingsong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) is gradually increasing worldwide. HUA is closely related to diabetes, but the relationship between HUA and pancreatic β-cells function in the population is unclear. The purpose of this article is to investigate the association between pancreatic β-cells and HUA.

Methods
This cross-sectional study examined the association between pancreatic β-cells and HUA in 1999–2004 using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Subjects were divided into two groups: HUA and non-HUA. Pancreatic β-cells function levels were assessed using homeostasis model assessment version 2-%S (HOMA2-%S), homeostasis model assessment version 2-%B (HOMA2-%B) and disposition index (DI). Multivariate logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline models were fitted to assess the association of pancreatic β-cells function with HUA.

Results
The final analysis included 5496 subjects with a mean age of 46.3 years (standard error (SE), 0.4). The weighted means of HOMA2-%B, HOMA2-%S and DI were 118.1 (SE, 1.0), 69.9(SE, 1.1) and 73.9 (SE, 0.7), respectively. After adjustment for major confounders, participants in the highest quartile of HOMA2-%B had a higher risk of HUA (OR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.89–3.43) compared to participants in the lowest quartile. In contrast, participants in the lowest quartile of HOMA2-%S were significantly more likely to have HUA than that in the highest quartile (OR = 3.87, 95% CI: 2.74–5.45), and similar results were observed in DI (OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.32–2.97). Multivariate adjusted restricted cubic spline analysis found evidence of non-linear associations between HOMA2-%B, HOAM2-%S, DI and the prevalence of HUA.

Conclusion
Our finding illustrated the indicators of inadequate β-cells compensation might be a new predictor for the presence of HUA in U.S. adults, highlighting a critical role of pancreatic β-cells function on HUA.
Association between cooking patterns and the prevalence of hyperlipidemia in Eastern China
Authors: Cui Bin , Yuan Wen Kai , Wang Linda Dong-Ling , Wang Fu Rong , Peng Jing , Ma Jian Ying , Chen Xiang , Xu Mei Yin , Ke Jun , Tian Yi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for many diseases. Previous studies have shown that diet is closely associated with hyperlipidemia. However, the relationship between cooking methods and hyperlipidemia remains unclear. The objective of this study was to identify the major cooking patterns existing in the Eastern Chinese population and evaluate their association with the prevalence of hyperlipidemia.

Methods
We interviewed 4,710 residents in Eastern China regarding the consumption frequency of each cooking method when they prepare food at home or when eating out and regarding the prevalence of hyperlipidemia. Factor analysis, Chi-square tests, analysis of variance, and binary logistic regression analysis were used to identify the cooking patterns and analyze the characteristics of participants’ categories of cooking patterns and the relationship between different cooking patterns and prevalence of hyperlipidemia.

Results
Three major cooking patterns were identified: Traditional Chinese, Bland (little or no oil is used to process the food), and High-temperature cooking patterns. After controlling for potential confounders, participants in the highest quartile of the Bland cooking pattern had lower odds of hyperlipidemia than those in the lowest quartile. Nevertheless, no significant associations were observed between the Traditional Chinese and High-temperature cooking patterns and the prevalence of hyperlipidemia.

Conclusions
This study confirms the association between cooking patterns and the prevalence of hyperlipidemia and indicates that the Bland cooking pattern is associated with a reduced prevalence of hyperlipidemia.
Sagittal septum duplication of bladder and duplication of posterior urethra combined with congenital megacolon: a case report and literature review
Authors: Luo Shuying , Liu Junwei , Su Peng , Yu Hong , Li Bangguo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Duplication of the bladder with duplication of the posterior urethra is a relatively rare congenital malformation. Cases of sagittal septum duplication of the bladder with duplication of the posterior urethra have rarely been reported. Furthermore, the combination thereof with congenital megacolon is rare.

Case presentation
A 21-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of frequent urination for two months. He presented to another hospital first with frequent urination and underwent computed tomography (CT) and testicular biopsy. Anti-inflammatory therapy was administered by the doctor to the patient. For further diagnosis and treatment, the patient went to the outpatient department in our hospital on June 6, 2022. After admission, the patient underwent ultrasound, CT, MRI, cystoscopy, and other related examinations and tests. The examination results suggested that the patient had duplication of the bladder with duplication of the posterior urethra. In addition, the patient’s mother reported that he had suffered from long-term constipation with abdominal distension before the age of 5 years. At the time, he was admitted to the local hospital and was diagnosed with congenital megacolon based on the relevant examinations. After the patient was diagnosed with duplication of bladder and urethra, the doctor recommended surgical treatment to the patient. However, he considered that he only had frequent urination symptoms, and chose conservative treatment rather than to undergo surgical treatment. Thus, the doctor prescribed anti-inflammatory treatment. Four months later, the patient reported that frequent urination symptoms persisted, and was also considering fertility-related problems. The outpatient follow-up will be continued.

Conclusions
In this article, we summarize the imaging findings of duplication of the bladder with duplication of the posterior urethra and propose the advantages and disadvantages of each type of imaging examination. We also review the relevant literature on cases of bladders with duplication of the posterior urethra. The related differential diagnosis is summarized, and the significance of guiding clinical treatment and diagnosis is discussed.
Early childhood caries risk indicators among preschool children in rural Egypt: a case control study
Authors: Attia Dina , ElKashlan Mona K. , Saleh Susan M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundEarly childhood caries (ECC) is a public health problem, especially in developing countries like Egypt which has an ECC prevalence of 74%. This research aimed to assess the risk indicators associated with ECC in a rural, socially-disadvantaged population in Alexandria, Egypt.MethodsA case-control study was conducted in 8 nurseries of preschool children aged 3 to 5 years in rural, deprived areas in Alexandria, Egypt, from October 2019 till January 2020. Two groups, 93 with ECC and 93 without ECC. A validated questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data including age, sex, number of siblings, socioeconomic status, oral health practices including toothbrushing frequency, pattern of dental visits, daily frequency of sugary snacks. Also, salivary pH and buffering capacity were assessed. A trained and calibrated dentist assessed caries status clinically according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria using the dmft index and oral hygiene status using Silness and Loe Plaque Index. Chi-squared test, followed by multivariable logistic regression were performed to assess the relation between independent variables and ECC,P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.ResultsBivariate analysis showed that age, mother’s education, dental visits, dietary habits, Plaque index, salivary pH and buffering capacity were significantly associated with ECC. The significant risk indicators for ECC in multivariable regression were age (AOR = 4.73, 95% CI: 2.76–7.83), mother’s education (illiterate vs. university educated, AOR = 28.36, 95% CI: 8.51-112.92), frequency of daily sugary snacks (twice vs. once, AOR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.29–3.49, and three or more vs. once, AOR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.72–3.27), night feeding (AOR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.38–10.21), Plaque index (AOR = 21.34, 95% CI: 5.56–81.99), and salivary pH (AOR = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.05–0.58).ConclusionThis study suggests that sociodemographic indicators, dietary habits, plaque accumulation and salivary pH are risk indicators for ECC in the studied population.
Clinical evaluation of photodynamic therapy for oral leukoplakia: a retrospective study of 50 patients
Authors: Wang Yanting , Tang Haonan , Wang Keyi , Zhao Yuping , Xu Juanyong , Fan Yuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) has demonstrated encouraging results in the treatment of oral leukoplakia (OLK). However, data on the clinical efficacy of PDT in Chinese patients with OLK are still limited.

Methods
Fifty patients diagnosed with OLK were enrolled, including patients with various dysplastic tissues. All patients received topical PDT with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) as a photosensitizer. Clinical efficacy was evaluated 4 weeks after treatment. Follow-up was performed every 3 months during the first year and every 6 months during the second year.

Results
The overall response rate was 68% (34/50): 12% (n = 6) complete and 56% (n = 28) partial responses. Aneuploidy was reduced in the patients with dysplastic lesions. Oral pain and local ulcers developed in 52% of the patients (n = 26). Patients with a long history of OLK including hyperplasia and dysplastic lesions, as well as those with non-homogenous lesions, were more likely to develop pain and ulcer. During follow-up, the recurrence rate of hyperplasia and dysplastic lesions was 32% (n = 16) and the malignant transformation rate of dysplastic lesions was 4% (n = 2). Lesions on the buccal mucosa were associated with recurrence (P = 0.044; OR: 0.108, 95% CI: 0.013–0.915).

Conclusion
Topical 5-ALA-mediated PDT is an effective treatment for OLK, particularly for homogenous leukoplakia, with few side effects. The buccal mucosa may be a protective factor that can reduce recurrence.
Factors related to advance directives completion among cancer patients: a systematic review
Authors: Golmohammadi Mobina , Ebadi Abbas , Ashrafizadeh Hadis , Rassouli Maryam , Barasteh Salman 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Advance directives (ADs) has recently been considered as an important component of palliative care for patients with advanced cancer and is a legally binding directive regarding a person’s future medical care. It is used when a person is unable to participate in the decision-making process about their own care. Therefore, the present systematic review investigated the factors related to ADs from the perspective of cancer patients.

Methods
A systematic review study was searched in four scientific databases: PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest using with related keywords and without date restrictions. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Hawker criterion. The research papers were analyzed as directed content analysis based on the theory of planned behavior.

Results
Out of 5900 research papers found, 22 were included in the study. The perspectives of 9061 cancer patients were investigated, of whom 4347 were men and 4714 were women. The mean ± SD of the patients’ age was 62.04 ± 6.44. According to TPB, factors affecting ADs were categorized into four categories, including attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and external factors affecting the model. The attitude category includes two subcategories: “Lack of knowledge of the ADs concept” and “Previous experience of the disease”, the subjective norm category includes three subcategories: “Social support and interaction with family”, “Respecting the patient’s wishes” and “EOL care choices”. Also, the category of perceived control behavior was categorized into two sub-categories: “Decision-making” and “Access to the healthcare system”, as well as external factors affecting the model, including “socio-demographic characteristics”.

Conclusion
The studies indicate that attention to EOL care and the wishes of patients regarding receiving medical care and preservation of human dignity, the importance of facilitating open communication between patients and their families, and different perspectives on providing information, communicating bad news and making decisions require culturally sensitive approaches. Finally, the training of cancer care professionals in the palliative care practice, promoting the participation of health care professionals in ADs activities and creating an AD-positive attitude should be strongly encouraged.
Effectiveness of a culturally tailored text messaging program for promoting cervical cancer screening in accra, Ghana: a quasi-experimental trial
Authors: Addo-Lartey Adolphina Addoley , Bonful Harriet Affran , Sefenu Ransford Selasi , Abagre Timothy Agandah , Asamoah Alexander , Bandoh Delia Akosua , Awua Adolf Kofi , Adu-Aryee Nii Armah , Dedey Florence , Adanu Richard Mawuena Kofi , Okuyemi Kolawole Stephen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Despite breakthroughs in cervical cancer detection, resource-constrained countries continue to have a disproportionately high incidence and death rate. Mhealth has been identified as an important tool for increasing cervical cancer screening rates in Sub-Saharan Africa. We determined whether sending Ghanaian women culturally tailored one-way mobile phone SMS text messages about cervical cancer would encourage the uptake of the human papillomavirus (HPV) test.

Methods
From August to November 2016, 88 women aged 18 to 39 living or working in an urban community (Accra, Ghana) participated in a quasi-experimental study. For 8 weeks, 32 SMS messages regarding cervical cancer were developed and sent to the personal phones of intervention arm participants (n = 42). Women in the control group (n = 46) received SMS texts with general health and lifestyle advice. Fischer’s exact tests were performed to assess cervical cancer screening uptake and associated reasons for non-uptake between the intervention and control groups (p < 0.05).

Results
At the baseline, women differed in terms of ethnicity and wealth. After the intervention, participants’ self-reported risk factors for cervical cancer, such as early menarche, usual source of medical treatment, family history of cancer, smoking, and alcohol history, changed. None of the women in the intervention group sought cervical cancer screening after the intervention, but only one (2.2%) of the control arm participants did. Almost all the women (> 95%) agreed that an HPV test was essential and that regular healthcare check-ups could help prevent cervical cancer. Some women believed that avoiding particular foods could help prevent cervical cancer (23.8% intervention vs. 58.7% control, p < 0.001). Time constraints and out-of-pocket expenses were significant barriers to cervical cancer screening. Conclusion: A one-way SMS delivered to urban women did not increase cervical cancer screening attendance. The time spent in screening facilities and the lack of coverage by the National Health Insurance Scheme limited screening uptake. We urge for the establishment of screening centers in all healthcare facilities, as well as the inclusion of cervical cancer screening in healthcare programs through cost-sharing.