bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A whole exome sequencing study to identify rare variants in multiplex families with alcohol use disorder
Authors: Hill Shirley Y. , Hostyk Joseph 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundAlcohol use disorder (AUD) runs in families and is accompanied by genetic variation. Some families exhibit an extreme susceptibility in which multiple cases are found and often with an early onset of the disorder. Large scale genome-wide association studies have identified several genes with impressive statistical probabilities. Most of these genes are common variants. Our goal was to perform exome sequencing in families characterized by multiple cases (multiplex families) to determine if rare variants might be segregating with disease status.MethodsA case-control approach was used to leverage the power of a large control sample of unrelated individuals (N = 8,983) with exome sequencing [Institute for Genomic Medicine (IGM)], for comparison with probands with AUD (N = 53) from families selected for AUD multiplex status. The probands were sequenced at IGM using similar protocols to those used for the archival controls. Specifically, the presence of a same-sex pair of adult siblings with AUD was the minimal criteria for inclusion. Using a gene-based collapsing analysis strategy, a search for qualifying variants within the sequence data was undertaken to identify ultra-rare non-synonymous variants.ResultsWe searched 18,666 protein coding genes to identify an excess of rare deleterious genetic variation using whole exome sequence data in the 53 AUD individuals from a total of 282 family members. To complete a case/control analysis of unrelated individuals, probands were compared to unrelated controls. Case enrichment for 16 genes with significance at 10–4 and one at 10–5 are plausible candidates for follow-up studies. Six genes were ultra rare [minor allele frequency (MAF) of 0.0005]: CDSN, CHRNA9, IFT43, TLR6, SELENBP1, and GMPPB. Eight genes with MAF of 0.001: ZNF514, OXGR1, DIEXF, TMX4, MTBP, PON2, CRHBP, and ANKRD46 were identified along with three protein-truncating variants associated with loss-of-function: AGTRAP, ANKRD46, and PPA1. Using an ancestry filtered control group (N = 2,814), nine genes were found; three were also significant in the comparison to the larger control group including CHRNA9 previously implicated in alcohol and nicotine dependence.ConclusionThis study implicates ultra-rare loss-of-function genes in AUD cases. Among the genes identified include those previously reported for nicotine and alcohol dependence (CHRNA9 and CRHBP).
Health behaviors and problems in Polish homeless men
Authors: Repka Bernadetta , Bejda Grzegorz , Kułak-Bejda Agnieszka , Czarnecki Damian , Ziółkowski Marcin , Mosiołek Anna , Szulc Agata , Waszkiewicz Napoleon , Ślifirczyk Anna , Kułak Wojciech , Krajewska-Kułak Elżbieta 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionHomelessness is considered to be a global problem, independent of the material situation of a given country and occurring in most societies around the world.Aim of the studyAssessment of the preferred health behaviors of homeless people.Materials and methodsThe study covered 153 men who are homeless and 312 men who are not homeless. The original questionnaire of homeless, and validated the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Health Behavior Inventory (HBI), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) Scale were used. The research covered fully completed questionnaires from 153 homeless men staying in Białystok and Gdańsk homelss centers.ResultsOn average, the homeless men assessed their health at 6.0 ± 2.7 points, and the non-homeless at 7.8 ± 2.2 points (p &lt; 0.001). Significant differences were found between people experiencing a homelessness crisis and the control group in selected aspects concerning the everyday life hygiene of the respondents, health self-assessment, declarations of visits to a specialist and carrying out check-ups, level of satisfaction with life, coping with difficult situations, preferred pro-health behaviors and dimensions of health control. In the used scales, SWLS, HBI, GES, and MHCL, the majority of homeless men obtained average scores. They were rather dissatisfied with their lives, with a low level of effectiveness in coping with difficult situations and obstacles, a low level of health behaviors, and in the scope of health, control increasing the impact of chance.ConclusionThe level of the presented health behaviors showed statistically significant diversification with all dimensions of the health locus of control, and its internal dimension with age, homelessness phase, the respondents’ criminal history, being under constant medical care, and self-assessment of health.
Trajectories of depressive symptoms in young and middle-aged men who have sex with men with new HIV-diagnosis: a 1-year prospective cohort study in Beijing, China
Authors: Li Xiao , Liu Yu , Han Jing , Lin Keke , Bai Xiaoyan , Lu Fengling 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionDue to the sexual orientation and HIV diagnosis, young and middle-aged men who have sex with men (MSM) with new HIV-diagnosis may experience more depressive syndromes and face greater psychological stress. The study explored trajectories of depressive symptoms of young and middle-aged MSM within 1 year after new HIV-diagnosis and analyze the related factors.MethodsFrom January 2021 to March 2021, 372 young and middle-aged MSM who were newly diagnosed as HIV-infection were recruited in two hospitals in Beijing. Self-rating Depression Scale was used to measure the participants’ depressive symptom in 1st month, 3rd month, 6th month, 9th month and 12th month after HIV diagnosis. The latent class growth model was used to identify trajectories of the participants’ depressive symptoms. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyse factors related with the trajectories.ResultsThree hundred and twenty-eight young and middle-aged MSM with new HIV-diagnosis completed the research. Depressive symptom in 328 young and middle-aged MSM was divided into three latent categories: non-depression group (56.4%), chronic-mild depression group (28.1%), and persistent moderate–severe depression group (15.5%). The participants assessed as non-depression (non-depression group) or mild depression (chronic-mild depression group) at the baseline were in a non-depression state or had a downward trend within one-year, and the participants assessed as moderate and severe depression (persistent moderate–severe depression group) at the time of diagnosis were in a depression state continuously within 1-year. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with the non-depression group, monthly income of 5,000 ~ 10,000 RMB (equal to 690 ~ 1,380 USD) was the risk factor for the chronic-mild depression group, and self-rating status being fair/good and self-disclosure of HIV infection were protective factors for the persistent moderate–severe depression group while HIV-related symptoms was the risk factor.ConclusionDepressive symptoms in young and middle-aged MSM is divided into three latent categories. Extra care must be given to young and middle-aged MSM assessed as moderate or severe depression at the time of HIV-diagnosis, especially to those who had poor self-rating health status, did not tell others about their HIV-infection and experienced HIV-related symptoms.
Life-time HIV testing among people who inject drugs in Iran: results from the National Rapid Assessment and Response survey
Authors: Roshanfekr Payam , Karimi Salah Eddin , Narouee Sakineh , Moftakhar Leila , Vameghi Meroe , Ali Delaram , Higgs Peter , Soleimanvandiazar Neda 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundHIV testing is recommended for people who inject drugs (PWID). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of lifetime HIV testing among PWID and to better understand the predictors for HIV testing in a convenience sample across Iran.Materials and methodsThis study is a secondary analysis of Iran’s National Rapid Assessment and Response survey conducted between October 2016 and March 2017. Analysis includes the 999 people who reported injecting drugs across the capital cities of 21 provinces. Data were collected by using the venue-based application of the Time Location Sampling (TLS) frame. Chi-square tests were used to examine the difference between HIV testing across different quantitative variables. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of life-time HIV testing. Analysis was performed using STATA V.12 software with a significance level of 95%.ResultsMost participants were male (n = 902, 93.50%), and over half (n = 555, 59.17%) were older than 35 years old. About one-third, (n = 326, 38%) of people interviewed were single and another one-third (n = 251, 29%) reported being divorced. Over two-thirds of participants (n = 678, 69.78%) in this study reported lifetime HIV testing. The results from a multiple variable logistic regression showed people with a university education were more likely to have been previously tested for HIV than illiterate people (OR = 18.87, 95%CI 2.85–124.6, value of p = 0.002). Those individuals who reported ever receiving methadone treatment were 2.8 times more likely to have been tested for HIV than individuals without methadone treatment experience (OR = 2.89, 95%CI 1.53–5.42, value of p &lt; 0.001). Needle syringe sharing in last month, was negatively associated with life-time HIV testing (OR = 0.29, 95%CI 0.17–0.48, value of p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionDespite Iran’s wide availability and access to counseling services for HIV testing in key populations, the proportion of PWID being tested for HIV could be improved. Developing effective strategies to increase people’s understanding and awareness of the importance of and need for HIV prevention and familiarity with HIV testing sites is an essential step in increasing HIV testing for this population. Studies on more recent HIV testing are required to better assess and understand the frequency of HIV testing among PWID in Iran.
Coming together for something good: recommendations from a scoping review for dissemination and implementation science to improve indigenous substance use disorder treatment
Authors: Hirchak Katherine A. , Oluwoye Oladunni , Nadeau Melanie , Richardson Meenakshi , Bajet Kelsey , Brigman Mariah , Herron Jalene L. , Hernandez-Vallant Alexandra , Vasquez Angel , Pham Cuong , Oliver Karen Anderson , Baukol Paulette , Webb Kellie , Belone Lorenda , McDonell Michael G. , Venner Kamilla L. , Campbell Aimee N. C. 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionDissemination and Implementation (D&amp;I) science is growing among Indigenous communities. Indigenous communities are adapting and implementing evidence-based treatments for substance use disorders (SUD) to fit the needs of their communities. D&amp;I science offers frameworks, models, and theories to increase implementation success, but research is needed to center Indigenous knowledge, enhancing D&amp;I so that it is more applicable within Indigenous contexts. In this scoping review, we examined the current state of D&amp;I science for SUD interventions among Indigenous communities and identified best-practice SUD implementation approaches.MethodsPubMed and PsycINFO databases were queried for articles written in English, published in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. We included key search terms for Indigenous populations and 35 content keywords. We categorized the data using the adapted and extended Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework that emphasizes equity and sustainability. RE-AIM has also been used as a primary model to consistently identify implementation outcomes.ResultsTwenty articles were identified from the original unduplicated count of over 24,000. Over half the articles discussed processes related to Reach, Adoption, and Implementation. Effectiveness was discussed by 50% of the studies (n = 10), with 25% of the articles discussing Maintenance/sustainability (n = 4). Findings also highlighted the importance of the application of each RE-AIM domain for meaningful, well-defined community-engaged approaches.ConclusionFinding indicated a need to prioritize Indigenous methods to culturally center, re-align and adapt Western treatments and frameworks to increase health equity and improve SUD treatment outcomes. Utility in the use of the modified RE-AIM and the continued modification for Indigenous communities was also noted.
Understanding women’s suffering and psychological well-being: exploring biopsychosocial factors in mothers of children with ADHD – a case study
Authors: Angeline Jonah , Rathnasabapathy Maya 
Published: October 2023

OverviewParents play a dynamic part in child development. Mothers have a great responsibility towards the upbringing child. Previous research has demonstrated that parenting stress levels are high among Parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).AimParenting stress affects the psychological well-being of the mother. It is necessary to identify the factors that affect psychological well-being based on Biopsychosocial factors, including biological, psychological, and social factors.MethodologyAn in-depth case study was conducted with the mother of a 7-year-old child diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.ResultsThe mother lacks self-efficacy and low perceived social support in. Equipping themselves and building up the knowledge on handling the child and training the child with the developmental disorder increase parenting self-efficacy. Support from family, partner, and society will help them strengthen themselves and may have high psychological support.
On the asymptotic behavior of \(L_{p}\) extremal polynomials
Authors: Laskri Yamina , Benzine Rachid 
Published: October 2023

Let \(\beta \) denote a positive Szeg? measure on the unit circle \(\Gamma \) and \(\delta _{z_{k}}\) denote an anatomic measure
(\(\delta \) Dirac) centered on the point \(z_{k}.\) We study, for all \(p>0,\) the asymptotic behavior of \(L_{p}\) extremal polynomials with respect to a measure of the type
\[
\alpha =\beta +\sum_{k=1}^{\infty }A_{k}\delta _{z_{k}},
\]
where \(\left\{ z_{k}\right\} _{k=1}^{\infty }\) is an infinite
collection of points outside \(\Gamma \).
Extension de l’aire d’Orthotrichum dentatum T.Kiebacher et Lüth à l’extrémité sud-ouest de la chaîne des Alpes
Authors: Hugonnot Vincent , Grapeloup Pierre Antoine , Silveira Iris , Larbouret Stéphanie 
Published: October 2023

Orthotrichum dentatum T. Kiebacher & Lüth est signalé pour la première fois en France sur la base d’observations réalisées dans la haute vallée du Var (Alpes-Maritimes), à l’extrémité sud-ouest de la chaîne des Alpes, ce qui représente une extension d’aire de l’ordre de 300 km. Les spécimens observés sont conformes à la description initiale, effectuée sur des spécimens provenant des Alpes centrales. Le matériel est décrit et l’écologie locale précisée. La découverte de ce taxon démontre que le genre est encore insuffisamment connu en France. Le nombre d’espèces appartenant au genre
Orthotrichum ss est désormais de 24 en France.
L’Empereur Probus, l’imitation d’Alexandre et la question des médaillons d’or du trésor d’Aboukir
Authors: Estiot Sylviane 
Published: October 2023

L’existence de deux aurei au nom de Probus frappés en 280. dans les ateliers impériaux de Serdica (Thrace) et de Cyzique (Mysie) et porteurs d’une très grande ressemblance avec les médaillons d’or à l’effigie d’Alexandre du trésor d’Aboukir Dressel M et N permet de rouvrir le dossier de la datation de ces médaillons d’or et de leur rapport avec les bronzes du koinon macédonien «à la légende d’Alexandre » émis entre 218 et 246. L’étude fournit des éléments nouveaux pour leur rapprochement avec la production monétaire de l’atelier provincial de Beroia de Macédoine d’une part, d’autre part avec la production monétaire romaine, en particulier les grands médaillons de bronze de l’époque de Sévère Alexandre, Gordien III et leurs successeurs. Le dossier épigraphique permet de saisir ce qu’était la teneur des Jeux d’Alexandre organisés à Beroia sous ces règnes et de montrer que les médaillons d’or trouvés à Aboukir ou à Tarse dans des assemblages où figurent en masse des aurei impériaux frappés à Rome, sont sans doute moins des nikèteria reçus en prix par les compétiteurs à ces concours qu’un élément des
donativa distribués à une élite civile ou militaire par des empereurs alexandrophiles sur leur route pour une expédition persique : le passage de Sévère Alexandre en Macédoine en 231 pour sa campagne orientale reste, plutôt que celui de Gordien III en 242, la date la plus probable pour la frappes des médaillons d’or trouvés à Aboukir. En 280, en route vers l’Asie avec son armée sur le même trajet que ses deux prédécesseurs pour sa campagne contre les Perses sassanides, cet autre admirateur d’Alexandre que fut Probus fit réutiliser à son profit les modèles vus à Beroia. L’examen du monnayage de Probus montre l’influence que les modèles monétaires thraco-macédoniens ont exercé sur les frappes monétaires dès ses campagnes de 277 sur le Danube inférieur.
Upaya Mencapai Smart Economy untuk Mengembangkan Perekonomian di Kota Semarang
Authors: Aditya Dwi Hilda , Ashari Putra Anas 
Published: October 2023

Smart City is a governance that utilizes information and communication technology in all its fields, so that it will facilitate public access and mobility. One dimension in the smart city concept is the smart economy which focuses on the governance of the city's economic growth. This study aims to determine the efforts made by the Semarang City Government in order to achieve Smart Economy to develop the economy of the people in Semarang City. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Research data was obtained from literature studies analyzed with a content analysis approach. The results showed that the Semarang City government has pursued various programs to be able to achieve a smart economy in the Semarang Smart City system. These efforts include attracting investors through business meetings, strengthening the workforce, increasing home production, improving farmers' welfare, and revitalizing traditional markets. Investor networking efforts are carried out to increase investment in Semarang City, in order to open up the widest possible job opportunities. Strengthening the workforce is carried out to improve the quality of human resources in Semarang City to be able to compete in the job market, one of which is through the Great Gate movement to alleviate poverty and job training in BLK. In an effort to increase home production, the Semarang City Government assists SMEs to be able to do business through e-commerce and through business partners, especially at souvenir centers. In an effort to improve the welfare of farmers, the Semarang City government launched the Farmer Card to make it easier for farmers to get subsidized fertilizers and superior seeds, as well as the construction of Jalud to facilitate access and mobility of farmers while cutting expenses to increase farmers' income. Meanwhile, efforts made by the government to improve the effectiveness of traditional markets are carried out with traditional market revitalization programs. This is intended so that, the function of traditional markets can compete with modern markets that are currently very easy to find. These efforts are expected to be able to encourage economic growth while improving the standard of living and quality of life of the people of Semarang City.
Protective Effect of Etanercept in Experimentally Generated Acute Kidney Failure
Authors: Kara Mehmet , Sönmez Mehmet Fatih , Ulusoy Hasan Basri 
Published: October 2023

Objective: Acute renal failure (ARF) is a clinical syndrome that causes a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate and leads to an accumulation of nitrogenous waste products and uremic toxins. This study investigated the protective effect of Etanercept on ARF.
Materials and Methods: Experiments were done on Balb-C female mice. Acute renal failure was created with an intraperitoneal folic acid injection. Etanercept was injected with folic acid in doses of 0.7 mg/kg, 3.5 mg/kg, and 7 mg/kg in treatment groups. Blood urea nitrogen levels, creatinine and cystatin-c were measured on the 7th day of the study. The kidneys were examined histologically with hematoxylin-eosin staining and Tunel assay.
Results: Etanercept improved kidney morphology damaged by folic acid. The apoptotic index was low, and there was less dilation in the renal tubules in the groups treated with Etanercept. Folic acid increased blood urea nitrogen levels. This increase was decreased gradually with increased doses of Etanercept. There were no differences in creatinine levels in all groups.
Conclusion: This study investigated the protective effects of Etanercept in the context of Acute Renal Failure (ARF). The results demonstrated that Etanercept improved kidney morphology damaged by folic acid, reduced the apoptotic index, and gradually decreased elevated blood urea nitrogen levels. Although creatinine levels showed no significant differences among the treatment groups, the findings suggest that Etanercept may hold promise as a potential agent for the treatment of ARF. Further research and clinical studies are warranted to validate its effectiveness and safety in human subjects.
The race that never slows: Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery residency applicant parameters over time
Authors: Schachter Kaylie , Tritt Ashley , Young Meredith , Hier Jessica , Kay-Rivest Emily , Le Blanc Gabriella , Nguyen Lily HP 
Published: October 2023

Background: There has been an increasing number of Canadian medical graduates who have gone unmatched in the residency selection process. Medical students have been engaging in extracurricular activities outside the formal curriculum which may help to distinguish themselves from their peers in the selection process. To understand how competitiveness in residency selection shapes applicant demographic characteristics and behaviours, this study set out to explore the demographic characteristics and prevalence of reported extra-curricular activities by applicants to Canadian Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (OTL-HNS) residency across time.
Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study reviewed specific sections of the curriculum vitae (CV) of applicants to OTL-HNS programs in Canada. These sections were self-reported, and included research productivity, involvement in volunteer and leadership activities, membership in associations, and honours or awards granted. Data was quantified and analyzed descriptively.
Results: Between 2013 to 2017, a total of 267 applicants reported a median of 12.6 research publications, 9.6 volunteer activities, six leadership activities, six association memberships and 9.8 honours/awards. Applicants were younger over time, with proportions of applicants over 30 years old decreasing from 56% in 2013 to 9% in 2017.
Conclusion: Applicants to Canadian OTL-HNS residency programs are reporting consistently high numbers of extracurricular activities and were of increasingly younger ages. Medical students are investing significant time and energy to pursue these activities which are above and beyond the formal curriculum, possibly contributing to decreased diversity in applicants for competitive residencies, increasing the likelihood of misrepresentation in residency applications, and likely contributing to medical student burnout.