bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P840 Structural evaluation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Comprehensive Care Units in Brazil
Authors: Quaresma A , Guedes L , Barros J , Baima J , Imbrizi M , Zeroncio M , Kotze P , Flores C ,   GEDIIB
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
In Brazil there is no methodology for evaluating health services recognized as Comprehensive Care Units (CCU), making it difficult to assess the quality of care provided for IBD patients. Aims: Map the distribution of this units and identify strengths and weaknesses, considering local and regional characteristics with a view to proposing a ranking system for Brazilian centers.

Methods
The study was carried out in three phases. First, GEDIIB developed 22 questions to characterize CCU in Brazil. The questionary was constructed based on GETECCU criteria. All GEDIIB members were invited to respond to the survey with the 11 questions considered most relevant. In the last phase, an analysis of the results obtained in the CCU was carried out, using the IBM SPSS Statistics v 29.0.1.0 software. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the unit´s profile. The chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables

Results
There were 109 responses, 53 from public centers. Of these, 11 were excluded. Most units were concentrated in the Southeastern region 22 (52.4%) and only one (2.4%) in the Northern region of Brazil. Thirty-nine centers (92.9%) perform endoscopic procedures, but only 9 (21.4%) have access to enteroscopy and/or capsule endoscopy. Thirty-three centers (78.6%) offer infusion therapy locally, 26 (61.9%) maintain IBD patient records, 13 (31.0%) reported having an IBD nurse, 34 (81.0%) have specific evidence-based protocols and only 7 (16.7%) have a patient satisfaction methodology. In the private scenario there were 56 responses, of which 10 were excluded. There is also a concentration in the Southeastern and Southern regions. Thirty-nine centers (84.8%) have access to endoscopic procedures and 19 perform enteroscopy and/or capsule endoscopy. Infusion therapy is available in 24 centers (52.2%). Thirty-nine (84.8%) maintain a specific database of IBD patients, 17 (37%) have an IBD nurse, 36 (78.3%) have specific evidence-based protocols, and 22 (47.8%) apply a patient satisfaction methodology. Multidisciplinary teams (p&lt; 0.002) and infusion centers (p&lt; 0.01) predominate in public centers as compared to private ones. Telemedicine (p&lt; 0.027), capsule endoscopy (p&lt; 0.001), exclusive registration of patients with IBD (p&lt; 0.015) and patient satisfaction methodologies (p&lt; 0.002) are predominant in private centers as compared to public centers.

Conclusion
IBD CCU in Brazil were mainly located in the southeastern and southern regions of the country. Most centers have dedicated multidisciplinary teams and specialists involved in IBD treatment. There is still a current need to improve the proportion of nurses' involvement in IBD care in Brazil.
P852 Metataxonomic and metabolomic profiling to predict response to anti-TNF therapy in Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Foyzul J , Alexander J L , Chappell K E , Ibraheim H A , Saifuddin A , Kennedy N A , Bewshea C , Lin S , Hart A L , Goodhand J R , Ahmad T , Powell N ,   UK Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pharmacogenetics Study Group
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
The composition of the gut microbiota is associated with response to treatments in inflammatory bowel disease1. We sought to identify gut microbial and metabolomic biomarkers associated with response to anti-TNF therapy in Crohn’s disease.

Methods
Faecal and serum samples collected at baseline and week 14 of anti-TNF treatment in the "Predictors of anti-TNF treatment failure" (PANTS) study were used2. Response to treatment (defined clinically and biochemically) was determined at week 142. Faecal samples were processed by GA-map®, with targeted 16S rRNA PCR sequencing. Serum samples were analysed with targeted liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for bile acids and tryptophan metabolites. Multivariate and univariate analyses, as well as Spearman’s rank test, were performed.

Results
Two-hundred and twenty-four patients with Crohn’s disease commencing anti-TNF therapy were included (54.1% anti-TNF responders, 48.6% female, median age 37.2 (26.5-50.0) years, 56.9% receiving immunomodulator-based treatment). A significantly higher proportion of non-responders received corticosteroid treatment compared to responders at baseline (p=0.0009).
Sixty-nine bacterial taxa were identified. Significantly lower abundances of Clostridium difficile and Mycoplasma were identified in responders relative to non-responders at baseline (q-value=0.046 and q-value=0.034, respectively). No significant differences in the abundances of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Shigella or Escherichia Coli were found (all q-values &gt; 0.05).
Eighteen serum bile acids and thirteen tryptophan metabolites were identified. Significantly higher serum abundances of cholic acid, tryptophan and 3OH-kynurenine were identified in responders at baseline (q-values=0.049, 0.033, and 0.033, respectively). Exploration of microbial–metabolite associations revealed negative correlations between secondary bile acids and several bile salt hydrolase producing bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium (r ≤ -0.50). Positive correlations were also identified between xanthurenic acid and Bifidobacterium and Roseburia intestinalis (r ≥ 0.50). Increased abundances of short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides vulgatus, were noted in responders at week 14.

Conclusion
We have identified baseline differences in the faecal microbiota and serum metabolome of anti-TNF responders and non-responders. These findings require validation in larger cohorts to determine their robustness for potential use in treatment personalisation.
References
1. Radhakrishnan S. et al., Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics vol. 55,1 (2022): 26-48. 10.1111/apt.16656.
2. Kennedy N. et al., The Lancet. Gastroenterology & Hepatology vol. 4,5 (2019): 341-353. 10.1016/S2468-1253(19)30012-3.
P1003 Dietary pattern can influence the level of fatigue in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in remission
Authors: Stroie T G , Preda C M , Istratescu D , Nitescu M , Manuc T E , Manuc M , Meianu C G , Andrei A , Ciora C A , Louis E , Diculescu M M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
It is well known that dietary pattern can play an important role in the onset of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In patients with established disease, they can influence the risk of relapse and the disease course.
The aim of the study is to explore the impact of dietary patterns on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), fatigue, anxiety and depression in patients with IBD in corticosteroid-free clinical remission.

Methods
A total of 96 consecutive patients diagnosed with IBD that were in corticosteroid-free remission for at least 12 weeks were enrolled in this observational, cross-sectional study.
During an interview, patients were asked about their dietary patterns. Twelve categories of foods were identified, 6 of them being considered "healthy" (vegetables and fruits &gt;4 portions/day, cereals &gt;3 portions/day, seeds &gt;4 portions/week, cheese &gt;1 portion/day, yoghurt &gt;1 portion/day, fish &gt;2 portions/week) and the other 6 "unhealthy" (fatty red meat &gt;1 portion/day, sweetened beverages &gt;1L/day, cured meat &gt;2 portions/day, fried food &gt;1 portion/day, chips &gt;1 portion/day, mayonnaise &gt;1 portion/day) (see Figure 1).
An "unhealthy" dietary pattern was considered if the proportion of "unhealthy" food categories from the total food categories consumed by the patient exceeded 50%.
HR-QoL, fatigue, anxiety and depression were evaluated using the following self-administered questionnaires: IBDQ-32, FACIT-Fatigue and HADS.

Results
Out of the 96 patients included, 60 (62.5%) were men. The median patient age was 38 years (IQR 31.5 – 45.5). Sixty patients (62.5%) were diagnosed with CD, and 36 (37.5%) with UC. Most of the patients were treated with biologics (93.8%).
An unhealthy dietary pattern was identified in 58 (60.4%) patients.
Patients with an "unhealthy" dietary pattern experienced significantly more fatigue compared to patients with a "healthy" dietary pattern (mean FACIT-F score 40.3 vs. 44.4 points, p=0.02). Even though not statistically significant, patients with "unhealthy" dietary pattern had a trend towards a lower HR-QoL (mean IBDQ score 187.3 vs. 192.8, p=0.24). Anxiety and depression were less frequent among patients with "unhealthy" dietary pattern, but the differences were not statistically significant (anxiety: 24.1% vs. 31.6%, p=0.57; depression: 13.8% vs. 21.2%, p=0.51).

Conclusion
Patients with an "unhealthy" dietary pattern experience significantly higher levels of fatigue compared to patients that are eating "healthier" food. There is also a trend towards lower HR-QoL in this category of patients.
P1061 TEV-48574, an anti-TL1A antibody in development for use in IBD, is safe and well tolerated following 16 weeks of subcutaneous treatment in adults with severe uncontrolled T2-low/non T2 asthma
Authors: Raphael G , Damera G , Angeles T , Li S , Stoyanov S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
TEV-48574 is a human antibody that targets tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like ligand 1A, also known as TNF superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15). It is in clinical development as a potential treatment for ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). TL1A signalling is believed to amplify immune-mediated inflammation in asthma and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); thus, targeting TL1A may mitigate over-activation of immune responses. A proof-of-concept phase 2A study evaluated safety, tolerability and efficacy of TEV-48574 as treatment for adults with severe uncontrolled asthma (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04545385). Although the study terminated (after meeting pre-specified criteria for futility at a preplanned interim analysis) the drug demonstrated favourable safety, tolerability and immunogenicity data, supporting the potential use of anti-TL1A treatment in patients with UC and CD.

Methods
TEV-48574 was administered as a loading dose followed by 7 maintenance doses given subcutaneously (sc) every 2 weeks for 16 weeks in adult patients (n = 65) with severe T2-low asthma with no/low inflammation at baseline. The primary efficacy endpoint was reduction in patients who experience loss of asthma control (LoAC). Patients were monitored for LoAC at bi-weekly visits and daily by use of a handheld spirometer/e-diary. Safety was assessed throughout the study.

Results
Of 65 randomized patients, 64 received at least one dose of study drug and were included in the safety analysis (33 active drug; 31 placebo). There were no severe AEs, treatment related SAEs, deaths, or withdrawals due to adverse events, and no medical device-related issues. There were no clinically meaningful changes in lab parameters, vital signs or ECGs. Furthermore, there was no evidence of immune suppression, opportunistic infections, or malignancies. Mild treatment-related adverse reactions occurred in both treatment groups (erythema and pruritus in two placebo patients; erythema in one TEV-48574 treated patient). Mild injection site reactions occurred more frequently (not statistically different) in the TEV-48574 group. Treatment-emergent anti-drug antibodies were reported in patients taking TEV-48574 (3 patients; 9.09%), with no anaphylactic or severe systemic reactions.

Conclusion
Overall, TEV-48574 administered every 2 weeks over 16 weeks demonstrated a favourable safety and tolerability profile with no emerging safety signals or evidence of immunosuppression. This is consistent with TL1A being an amplifier of inflammation. Treatment with TEV-48574 may dampen excessive inflammation without inducing a state of immunodeficiency in patients with conditions such as UC or CD, supporting further development in these indications.
P1079 Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy to reduce psychological distress in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: first results of a multicentre randomised controlled trial (MindIBD)
Authors: Ter Avest M , Speckens A , Dijkstra G , Dresler M , Bosman S , Horjus C , Römkens T , Witteman E , Van Dop W , Nissen L , Huijbers M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Many patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) suffer from psychological distress and fatigue. Moreover they report a reduced quality of life. The availability of psychosocial treatment options is limited. As mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has been shown to reduce psychological distress and fatigue, and improve quality of life in other populations, MBCT might also be effective in patients with IBD.

Methods
The MindIBD study was a prospective, multicentre, randomised controlled trial, conducted in one academic and three general hospitals in the Netherlands. Patients of 16 years and older with a confirmed IBD diagnosis were eligible if the IBD was in remission (based on faecal calprotectin &lt;250 mg/kg and no changes in IBD medication for at least three months) and they experienced at least mild psychological distress (based on Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) total score ≥ 11). Participants were allocated in the intervention group (MBCT plus treatment as usual) or control group (treatment as usual alone). Assessments were conducted at baseline, post-intervention (3 months) and at 6, 9 and 12 months after baseline. Primary outcome was the effect on psychological distress post-intervention. Secondary outcomes included fatigue, perceived disease control, disease activity, disease-specific quality of life and positive mental health. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04646785.

Results
A total of 142 IBD patients were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n=70) or the control group (n=72). The study population had a median age of 50 years (IQR 39-59 years), consisted of 91 women (64%) and 68 participants (48%) were diagnosed with Crohn’s disease. Post-intervention, participants in the intervention group showed a mean decrease on the HADS total of 4.7 ± 6.3 points compared to a mean decrease of 1.2 ± 5.2 points in the control group. This difference in improvement of psychological distress was statistically significant (p&lt;0.001), and this benefit was maintained during follow-up (p=0.005). MBCT did also result in a significant improvement on fatigue (p=0.022) and positive mental health (p=0.022) post-intervention. These improvements remained in favour of the intervention group during follow-up, although not significantly different. No differences were found on perceived disease control, disease activity and disease-specific quality of life.

Conclusion
MBCT reduces psychological distress and improves fatigue and positive mental health. Therefore MBCT can be considered as a valuable addition to the limited psychosocial interventions for patients with IBD to improve psychological distress, fatigue and positive mental health.
Tracing evolutionary trajectories in the presence of gene flow in South American temperate lizards (Squamata: Liolaemus kingii group)
Authors: Sánchez Kevin I , Recknagel Hans , Elmer Kathryn R , Avila Luciano J , Morando Mariana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Evolutionary processes behind lineage divergence often involve multidimensional differentiation. However, in the context of recent divergences, the signals exhibited by each dimension may not converge. In such scenarios, incomplete lineage sorting, gene flow, and scarce phenotypic differentiation are pervasive. Here, we integrated genomic (RAD loci of 90 individuals), phenotypic (linear and geometric traits of 823 and 411 individuals, respectively), spatial, and climatic data to reconstruct the evolutionary history of a speciation continuum of liolaemid lizards (Liolaemus kingii group). Specifically, we (a) inferred the population structure of the group and contrasted it with the phenotypic variability; (b) assessed the role of postdivergence gene flow in shaping phylogeographic and phenotypic patterns; and (c) explored ecogeographic drivers of diversification across time and space. We inferred eight genomic clusters exhibiting leaky genetic borders coincident with geographic transitions. We also found evidence of postdivergence gene flow resulting in transgressive phenotypic evolution in one species. Predicted ancestral niches unveiled suitable areas in southern and eastern Patagonia during glacial and interglacial periods. Our study underscores integrating different data and model-based approaches to determine the underlying causes of diversification, a challenge faced in the study of recently diverged groups. We also highlight Liolaemus as a model system for phylogeographic and broader evolutionary studies.
Using cash transfers to promote child health equity: an analysis of Lesotho’s Child Grants Program
Authors: Besnier Elodie , Finseraas Henning , Sieu Celine , Muthengi Kimanzi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCash transfers (CTs) are increasingly popular tools for promoting social inclusion and equity in children in sub-Saharan Africa. However, less is known about their implications for reducing the health gap between the beneficiary and non-beneficiary children in the community. Using Lesotho’s Child Grants Program (CGP) as a case study, we aim to understand better the potential for CT programmes to reduce the gap in child health in the targeted communities. Using a triple difference model, we examine to what extent CGP improved child health outcomes in eligible households compared with non-eligible households in treatment communities vs control communities and to what extent this effect varied in different population subgroups. We find that the child health gap by beneficiary children’s health outcomes catching-up on the health of non-beneficiary children narrowed but that eduction was not statistically significant. However, such a ‘catch-up’ effect among beneficiaries was observed for selected nutrition outcomes amongst female-headed households and subjective child health assessment for comparatively more food-secure households. This study highlights the potential and limitations of CT programmes like the CGP to address health inequalities in preschool children for selected population subgroups in the community.
Historical Vistas on Sri Lanka’s 2022 People’s Uprising
Authors: Hemachandra Samal Vimukthi , Sivasundaram Sujit 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Written in close proximity to Sri Lanka’s 2022 people’s uprising, this is a conversation between two historians, one from the University of Colombo and the other from the University of Cambridge, about the long roots of violence in Sri Lankan society. It is an account of the lived experience of violence on 9 May 2022, which was a defining event of the uprising. What occurred on this date is cast here within various alternative historical itineraries. The article experiments with groundedness and time travel; it acknowledges the positionality of the authors, creating a solidarity across borders. This approach responds to critiques of the political naivety and colonialist methodology of empiricist history, making history of political use and public value once again.
Evaluating the sensitivity of EQ-5D-5L in patients with brain metastases: a secondary analysis of NRG CC001
Authors: Cherng Hua-Ren R , Qu Melody , Zafari Zafar , Bentzen Søren M , Armstrong Terri S , Gondi Vinai , Brown Paul D , Mehta Minesh , Mishra Mark V 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
EuroQoL EQ-5D-5L is a commonly used measure of health-related quality of life in clinical trials given the use of its index score as a measure of health utilities. It is unclear whether EQ-5D-5L is sensitive to changes in neurocognitive function and progression that occur following brain radiation. This study sought to evaluate the sensitivity of EQ-5D-5L in reflecting these changes.

Methods
A secondary analysis of NRG Oncology CC001 was performed. Mean EQ-5D-5L index and visual analog scale (VAS) score changes from baseline between groups of patients stratified by neurocognitive function and intracranial progression status were assessed. MD Anderson Symptom Inventory for brain tumor (MDASI-BT) symptom and interference items were also analyzed between groups.

Results
EQ-5D-5L mean index and VAS score changes between patients who had cognitive failure and those who had preserved cognition showed no statistically significant differences at any timepoint. In contrast, VAS changes at 4 months (1.61 vs -5.13, P = .05) and 6 months (8.17 vs −0.14, P = .04) were significantly improved in the patients who survived without intracranial progression. MDASI-BT cognitive factor scores were improved in the cohort of patients with preserved neurocognitive function at 2 months (1.68 vs 2.08, P = .05) and 4 months (1.35 vs 1.83, P = .04). MDASI-BT symptom interference was significantly associated with intracranial progression at 4 months, but not with neurocognitive status.

Conclusion
EQ-5D-5L index and VAS scores were not sensitive to neurocognitive changes that patients experienced, but VAS scores were sensitive to progression. This study challenges the routine use of EQ-5D as a quality of life metric in brain metastases clinical trials that are focused on preventing neurocognitive dysfunction.

Trial Registration
NCT# 02360215.
Bipolar Argumentation Frameworks with a dual relation between defeat and defence
Authors: Alcântara João , Cordeiro Renan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Bipolar Argumentation Frameworks ($\textit{BAF}$s) extend Dung’s Abstract Argumentation Frameworks ($\textit{AAF}$s) by incorporating an explicit notion of support between arguments. However, there is a price to pay: the semantics for $\textit{BAF}$s often involve more intricate definitions and computational procedures than those for $\textit{AAF}$s. In this paper, we establish a dual relation between defeat and defence. Taking profit from this dual perspective, we define conflict-free sets, acceptability, extension-based and labelling-based semantics as in $\textit{AAF}$s. We also show that our definitions collapse into the corresponding concepts proposed for $\textit{AAF}$s when the support relation is ignored. In particular, we prove the semantics $\beta $-admissible, $\beta $-complete, $\beta $-grounded, $\beta $-preferred, $\beta $-stable and $\beta $-semi-stable defined here for $\textit{BAF}$s are generalisations of the corresponding semantics for $\textit{AAF}$s. Besides generalising $\textit{AAF}$s semantics to $\textit{BAF}$s, our approach also preserves some of their most remarkable results, including Dung’s Fundamental Lemma.