bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-level index construction method based on master–slave blockchains
Authors: Zhang Haolin , Li Su , Liu Chen , Zhang Guiyue , Song Baoyan , Wang Junlu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMaster–slave blockchain is a novel information processing technology that is domain-oriented and uses efficient cryptography principles for trustworthy communication and storage of big data. Existing indexing methods primarily target the creation of a single-structured blockchain, resulting in extensive time and memory requirements. As the scale of domain data continues to grow exponentially, master–slave blockchain systems face increasingly severe challenges with regards to low query efficiency and extended traceback times. To address these issues, this paper propose a multi-level index construction method for the master–slave blockchain (MLI). Firstly, MLI introduces a weight matrix and partitions the entire master–slave blockchain based on the master chain structure, the weight of each partition is assigned. Secondly, for the master blockchain in each partition, a master chain index construction method based on jump consistent hash (JHMI) is proposed, which takes the key value of the nodes and the number of index slots as input and outputs the master chain index. Finally, a bloom filter is introduced to improve the column-based selection function and build a secondary composite index on the subordinate blockchain corresponding to each master block. Experimental results on three constraint conditions and two types of datasets demonstrate that the proposed method reduce the index construction time by an average of 9.28%, improve the query efficiency by 12.07%, and reduce the memory overhead by 24.4%.
Circulating osteoprotegerin levels and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease: results from the KNOW-CKD study
Authors: Suh Sang Heon , Oh Tae Ryom , Choi Hong Sang , Kim Chang Seong , Bae Eun Hui , Ma Seong Kwon , Oh Kook-Hwan , Lee Kyu-Beck , Jeong Jong Cheol , Jung Ji Yong , Kim Soo Wan ,   The Korean Cohort Study for Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-CKD) Investigators
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhile the relationship between circulating osteoprotegerin (OPG) and cardiovascular events is well-established in the general population, its association with cardiovascular risks in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients remains less robust. This study hypothesized that elevated circulating OPG levels might be associated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in CKD patients, a total of 2,109 patients with CKD stages 1 through pre-dialysis 5 from the KNOW-CKD cohort were categorized into quartiles based on serum OPG levels. The primary outcome of the study was 3-point MACE, defined as a composite of nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or cardiac death. The median follow-up duration was 7.9 years. The cumulative incidence of 3-point MACE significantly varied across serum OPG levels in Kaplan–Meier curve analysis (P < 0.001, log-rank test), with the highest incidence observed in the 4th quartile. Cox regression analysis indicated that, relative to the 1st quartile, the risk of 3-point MACE was significantly higher in the 3rd (adjusted hazard ratio 2.901, 95% confidence interval 1.009 to 8.341) and the 4th quartiles (adjusted hazard ratio 4.347, 95% confidence interval 1.410 to 13.395). In conclusion, elevated circulating OPG levels are associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in pre-dialysis CKD patients.
Multi-source information fusion-driven corn yield prediction using the Random Forest from the perspective of Agricultural and Forestry Economic Management
Authors: Yang Xuziqi , Hua Zekai , Li Liang , Huo Xingheng , Zhao Ziqiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe objective of this study is to promptly and accurately allocate resources, scientifically guide grain distribution, and enhance the precision of crop yield prediction (CYP), particularly for corn, along with ensuring application stability. The digital camera is selected to capture the digital image of a 60 m × 10 m experimental cornfield. Subsequently, the obtained data on corn yield and statistical growth serve as inputs for the multi-source information fusion (MSIF). The study proposes an MSIF-based CYP Random Forest model by amalgamating the fluctuating corn yield dataset. In relation to the spatial variability of the experimental cornfield, the fitting degree and prediction ability of the proposed MSIF-based CYP Random Forest are analyzed, with statistics collected from 1-hectare, 10-hectare, 20-hectare, 30-hectare, and 50-hectare experimental cornfields. Results indicate that the proposed MSIF-based CYP Random Forest model outperforms control models such as support vector machine (SVM) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), achieving the highest prediction accuracy of 89.30%, surpassing SVM and LSTM by approximately 13.44%. Meanwhile, as the experimental field size increases, the proposed model demonstrates higher prediction accuracy, reaching a maximum of 98.71%. This study is anticipated to offer early warnings of potential factors affecting crop yields and to further advocate for the adoption of MSIF-based CYP. These findings hold significant research implications for personnel involved in Agricultural and Forestry Economic Management within the context of developing agricultural economy.
Retinal vessel caliber and cognitive performance: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: El Husseini Nada , Schaich Christopher L. , Craft Suzanne , Rapp Stephen R. , Hayden Kathleen M. , Sharrett Richey , Cotch Mary Frances , Wong Tien Y. , Luchsinger Jose A. , Espeland Mark A. , Baker Laura D. , Bertoni Alain G. , Hughes Timothy M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRetinal vessel calibers share anatomic and physiologic characteristics with the cerebral vasculature and can be visualized noninvasively. In light of the known microvascular contributions to brain health and cognitive function, we aimed to determine if, in a community based-study, retinal vessel calibers and change in caliber over 8 years are associated with cognitive function or trajectory. Participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort who completed cognitive testing at Exam 5 (2010–2012) and had retinal vascular caliber measurements (Central Retinal Artery and Vein Equivalents; CRAE and CRVE) at Exam 2 (2002–2004) and Exam 5 were included. Using multivariable linear regression, we evaluated the association of CRAE and CRVE from Exam 2 and Exam 5 and their change between the two exams with scores on tests of global cognitive function (Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument; CASI), processing speed (Digit Symbol Coding; DSC) and working memory (Digit Span; DS) at Exam 5 and with subsequent change in cognitive scores between Exam 5 and Exam 6 (2016–2018).The main effects are reported as the difference in cognitive test score per SD increment in retinal vascular caliber with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A total of 4334 participants (aged 61.6 ± 9.2 years; 53% female; 41% White) completed cognitive testing and at least one retinal assessment. On multivariable analysis, a 1 SD larger CRAE at exam 5 was associated with a lower concomitant CASI score (− 0.24, 95% CI − 0.46, − 0.02). A 1 SD larger CRVE at exam 2 was associated with a lower subsequent CASI score (− 0.23, 95%CI − 0.45, − 0.01). A 1 SD larger CRVE at exam 2 or 5 was associated with a lower DSC score [(− 0.56, 95% CI − 1.02, − 0.09) and − 0.55 (95% CI − 1.03, − 0.07) respectively]. The magnitude of the associations was relatively small (2.8–3.1% of SD). No significant associations were found between retinal vessel calibers at Exam 2 and 5 with the subsequent score trajectory of cognitive tests performance over an average of 6 years. Wider retinal venular caliber was associated with concomitant and future measures of slower processing speed but not with later cognitive trajectory. Future studies should evaluate the utility of these measures in risk stratification models from a clinical perspective as well as for screening on a population level.
Older adults and individuals with Parkinson’s disease control posture along suborthogonal directions that deviate from the traditional anteroposterior and mediolateral directions
Authors: Mangalam Madhur , Kelty-Stephen Damian G. , Seleznov Ivan , Popov Anton , Likens Aaron D. , Kiyono Ken , Stergiou Nick 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA rich and complex temporal structure of variability in postural sway characterizes healthy and adaptable postural control. However, neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, which often manifest as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia, disrupt this healthy variability. This study examined postural sway in young and older adults, including individuals with Parkinson’s disease, under different upright standing conditions to investigate the potential connection between the temporal structure of variability in postural sway and Parkinsonism. A novel and innovative method called oriented fractal scaling component analysis was employed. This method involves decomposing the two-dimensional center of pressure (CoP) planar trajectories to pinpoint the directions associated with minimal and maximal temporal correlations in postural sway. As a result, it facilitates a comprehensive assessment of the directional characteristics within the temporal structure of sway variability. The results demonstrated that healthy young adults control posture along two orthogonal directions closely aligned with the traditional anatomical anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) axes. In contrast, older adults and individuals with Parkinson’s disease controlled posture along suborthogonal directions that significantly deviate from the AP and ML axes. These findings suggest that the altered temporal structure of sway variability is evident in individuals with Parkinson’s disease and underlies postural deficits, surpassing what can be explained solely by the natural aging process.
A fault diagnosis method for wireless sensor network nodes based on a belief rule base with adaptive attribute weights
Authors: Shi Ke-Xin , Li Shi-Ming , Sun Guo-Wen , Feng Zhi-Chao , He Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDue to the harsh operating environment and ultralong operating hours of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), node failures are inevitable. Ensuring the reliability of the data collected by the WSN necessitates the utmost importance of diagnosing faults in nodes within the WSN. Typically, the initial step in the fault diagnosis of WSN nodes involves extracting numerical features from neighboring nodes. A solitary data feature is often assigned a high weight, resulting in the failure to effectively distinguish between all types of faults. Therefore, this study introduces an enhanced variant of the traditional belief rule base (BRB), called the belief rule base with adaptive attribute weights (BRB-AAW). First, the data features are extracted as input attributes for the model. Second, a fault diagnosis model for WSN nodes, incorporating BRB-AAW, is established by integrating parameters initialized by expert knowledge with the extracted data features. Third, to optimize the model's initial parameters, the projection covariance matrix adaptive evolution strategy (P-CMA-ES) algorithm is employed. Finally, a comprehensive case study is designed to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method. The results of the case study indicate that compared with the traditional BRB method, the accuracy of the proposed model in WSN node fault diagnosis is significantly improved.
Contamination and health risk assessment of heavy metals in soil surrounding an electroplating factory in JiaXing, China
Authors: Liu Tingting , Wang Zhen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA total of 30 samples from the downwind direction of a certain electroplating company in Jiaxing were collected in layers to analyze their heavy metal content. The soil risk assessment was conducted from the perspective of ecological and human health risks using the ground accumulation index method and human health risk assessment method. The results showed that in all samples, cadmium and arsenic far exceeded the soil background values, with an average exceeding multiple of 14.31 and 64.42, respectively, and a exceeding rate of 100%. After evaluation by the ground accumulation index, among these six heavy metals, arsenic and cadmium belong to extremely serious pollution levels. The human health risk assessment of electroplating plants found that in the exposure risk assessment, the ingestion value was much greater than the harm caused by breathing and skin, and the maximum exposure damage value of arsenic to children and adults was 4.17 × 10–3, among the carcinogenic risks, the risk brought by consumption is much greater than the respiratory and skin carcinogenic risk index, with the highest value score of 3.37 for cadmium, arsenic, and zinc carcinogenic risks 3.37 × 10–6, 2.42 × 10–3, 1.10 × 10–4.
Effect of multiple-compaction on laterite soil: geotechnical and geo-statistical analysis
Authors: Fatoyinbo Imoleayo Oluwatoyin , Malomo Siyan , Asiwaju-Bello Yinusa Ayodele , Bello Akinola Akintokunbo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMultiple-compaction demonstrates cyclic loading on laterite soils used in highway construction and its effects on engineering properties. The method determines the mechanical stability of derived soils from porphyritic granite, granite gneiss, and charnockite. Fifty-one soil samples were obtained from the horizons of the laterite soil profiles. Four sets of dynamic compactions were carried out on each sample. Index engineering properties such as specific gravity, Atterberg limits, and particle size distribution were investigated before and after multiple-compaction. The changes in engineering properties and moisture-density characteristics were investigated using the granulometric modulus and hardness index. Through multiple-compaction, larger grains in soils derived from granite gneiss and porphyritic granite disintegrated into smaller particles. The fine grains break down more easily than the large grains of quartz bound by clayey materials in charnockite-derived soils. Interestingly, the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content remain consistent in porphyritic and granite gneiss-derived soils after multiple compactions. Based on the densification and behaviour of the derived soils under multiple compaction in highway construction, porphyritic granite and granite gneiss-derived soils are more suitable as engineering materials than charnockite-derived soils.
Gut microbiome and serum amino acid metabolome alterations in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Chang Xuening , Zhang Yuchen , Chen Xue , Li Shihan , Mei Hong , Xiao Han , Ma Xinyu , Liu Zhisheng , Li Ruizhen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGut microbiota and their metabolic products might play important roles in regulating the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The purpose of this study was to characterize gut microbiota and serum amino acid metabolome profiles in children with ASD. A non-randomized controlled study was carried out to analyze the alterations in the intestinal microbiota and their metabolites in patients with ASD (n = 30) compared with neurotypical controls (NC) (n = 30) by metagenomic sequencing to define the gut microbiota community and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis to characterize the metabolite profiles. Compared with children in the NC group, those in the ASD group showed lower richness, higher evenness, and an altered microbial community structure. At the class level, Deinococci and Holophagae were significantly lower in children with ASD compared with TD. At the phylum level, Deinococcus-Thermus was significantly lower in children with ASD compared with TD. In addition, the functional properties (such as galactose metabolism) displayed significant differences between the ASD and NC groups. Five dominant altered species were identified and analyzed (LDA score > 2.0, P < 0.05), including Subdoligranulum, Faecalibacterium_praushitzii, Faecalibacterium, Veillonellaceae, and Rumminococcaceae. The peptides/nickel transport system was the main metabolic pathway involved in the differential species in the ASD group. Decreased ornithine levels and elevated valine levels may increase the risk of ASD through a metabolic pathway known as the nickel transport system. The microbial metabolism in diverse environments was negatively correlated with phascolarctobacterium succinatutens. Our study provides novel insights into compositional and functional alterations in the gut microbiome and metabolite profiles in ASD and the underlying mechanisms between metabolite and ASD.
Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of bioceramic root canal sealers compared to conventional resin-based sealer
Authors: Radwanski Mateusz , Rozpedek-Kaminska Wioletta , Galita Grzegorz , Siwecka Natalia , Sokolowski Jerzy , Majsterek Ireneusz , Özcan Mutlu , Lukomska-Szymanska Monika 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of calcium-silicate based sealers and comparing them with a gold standard—an epoxy-based sealant. Two experimental cell lines were used, gingival fibroblasts (hGF) and monocyte/macrophage peripheral blood cell line (SC). The cytotoxicity (XTT assay) and genotoxicity (comet assay) were evaluated both after 24-h and 48-h incubation. Additionally, after 48-h incubation, the cell apoptosis and cell cycle progression was detected. BioRoot Flow induced a significant decrease in hGF cells viability compared to the negative control groups both after 24-h (p < 0.001) and 48-h incubation (p < 0.01). In group with SC cells, after 24-h incubation significant increase in cells viability was detected for AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer in comparison to negative control (p < 0.05). BioRoot Flow and BioRoot RCS can be considered potentially genotoxic for the hGF cells after 48-h incubation (> 20% DNA damage). BioRoot Flow and BioRoot RCS, may have potential genotoxic effects and induce apoptosis in hGF cells which may irritate periapical tissues, resulting in a delayed healing. The findings of the study would be useful in selection of an appropriate sealant for root canal filling without causing cytotoxicity and genotoxicity.
A strategy of novel molecular hydrogen-producing antioxidative auxiliary system improves virus production in cell bioreactor
Authors: Zeng Yu-Jing , Hsu Min-Kung , Cai Jia-Rong , Wang Hsian-Yu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the increasing demand for virus vaccines, large-scale production of safe, efficient, and economical viral antigens has become a significant challenge. High-cell-density manufacturing processes are the most commonly used to produce vaccine antigens and protein drugs. However, the cellular stress response in large-scale cell culture may directly affect host cell growth and metabolism, reducing antigen production and increasing production costs. This study provided a novel strategy of the antioxidant auxiliary system (AAS) to supply molecular hydrogen (H2) into the cell culture media via proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis. Integrated with a high-density cell bioreactor, the AAS aims to alleviate cellular stress response and increase viral vaccine production. In the results, the AAS stably maintained H2 concentration in media even in the high-air exposure tiding cell bioreactor. H2 treatment was shown safe to cell culture and effectively alleviated oxidative stress. In two established virus cultures models, bovine epidemic fever virus (BEFV) and porcine circovirus virus type 2 (PCV-2), were employed to verify the efficacy of AAS. The virus yield was increased by 3.7 and 2.5 folds in BEFV and PCV-2 respectively. In conclusion, the AAS-connected bioreactor effectively alleviated cellular oxidative stress and enhanced virus production in high-density cell culture.
A dual-crosslinking electroactive hydrogel based on gelatin methacrylate and dibenzaldehyde-terminated telechelic polyethylene glycol for 3D bio-printing
Authors: Wang Yulong , Yang Songsong , Cai Heqing , Hu Hailong , Hu Kun , Sun Zhicheng , Liu Ruping , Wei Yen , Han Lu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGelatin was widely used as scaffold materials in 3D bio-printing due to its excellent bioactivity and availability and especially that their arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (RGD) sequences could efficiently promote cell adhesion and proliferation. In this study, an electroactive and 3D bio-printable hydrogel was prepared through a two-step chemical cross-linking process. Specifically, residual free amino groups of methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) were cross-linked with the aldehyde groups of dibenzaldehyde-terminated telechelic polyethylene glycol (DF-PEG) via Schiff base bonds, forming a gel at 37 °C. During the subsequent 3D bio-printing process, GelMA underwent UV curing, forming a secondary cross-linked network to the mechanical strength and stability of the printed structure. The uniform dispersion of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the GelMA/DF-PEG composite hydrogel significantly increased its conductivity. The optimized GelMA/DF-PEG composite hydrogel, i.e., 30% GelMA and 25% DF-PEG (G30D25-CNTs), exhibited superior bio-printability. When the content of CNTs was above 4%, the conductivity of G30D25-CNTs hydrogel exceeded 10–2 S/m, which satisfied the needs of cells for micro-current stimulation. Furthermore, the pore microstructures, swelling behavior, degradation ability and cell toxicity of G30D25-CNTs electroactive hydrogels were thoroughly evaluated. Thus, the G30D25-CNTs hydrogel with 4% MWCNTs could be considered for further application in electrical stimulation of tissue regeneration such as muscle and cardiac nerve tissue repair.
Signal transduction interfaces for field-effect transistor-based biosensors
Authors: Sakata Toshiya 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBiosensors based on field-effect transistors (FETs) are suitable for use in miniaturized and cost-effective healthcare devices. Various semiconductive materials can be applied as FET channels for biosensing, including one- and two-dimensional materials. The signal transduction interface between the biosample and the channel of FETs plays a key role in translating electrochemical reactions into output signals, thereby capturing target ions or biomolecules. In this Review, distinctive signal transduction interfaces for FET biosensors are introduced, categorized as chemically synthesized, physically structured, and biologically induced interfaces. The Review highlights that these signal transduction interfaces are key in controlling biosensing parameters, such as specificity, selectivity, binding constant, limit of detection, signal-to-noise ratio, and biocompatibility.
Facile synthesis of Zn0.5Cd0.5S nanosheets with tunable S vacancies for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Yang Linfen , Wang Yuhua , Peng Yong 
Published: February 2024

Porous Zn0.5Cd0.5S nanosheets with a controlled amount of S vacancies were prepared by a multistep chemical transformation strategy. The photocatalytic activity of Zn0.5Cd0.5S nanosheets prepared by 4 h hydrolysis is 20.5 times higher than that of Zn0.5Cd0.5S(en)x intermediates.