bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incorporation of black phosphorus nanosheets into poly(propylene fumarate) biodegradable bone cement to enhance bioactivity and osteogenesis
Authors: Chen Jiahan , Huang Xiaoxia , Wang Jianghua , Chen Wen , Teng Yong , Yin Dongfeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Injectable bone cement is commonly used in clinical orthopaedics to fill bone defects, treat vertebral compression fractures, and fix joint prostheses during joint replacement surgery. Poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) has been proposed as a biodegradable and injectable alternative to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement. Recently, there has been considerable interest in two-dimensional (2D) black phosphorus nanomaterials (BPNSs) in the biomedical field due to their excellent photothermal and osteogenic properties. In this study, we investigated the biological and physicochemical qualities of BPNSs mixed with PPF bone cement created through thermal cross-linking.

Methods
PPF was prepared through a two-step process, and BPNSs were prepared via a liquid phase stripping method. BP/PPF was subsequently prepared through thermal cross-linking, and its characteristics were thoroughly analysed. The mechanical properties, cytocompatibility, osteogenic performance, degradation performance, photothermal performance, and in vivo toxicity of BP/PPF were evaluated.

Results
BP/PPF exhibited low cytotoxicity levels and mechanical properties similar to that of bone, whereas the inclusion of BPNSs promoted preosteoblast adherence, proliferation, and differentiation on the surface of the bone cement. Furthermore, 200 BP/PPF demonstrated superior cytocompatibility and osteogenic effects, leading to the degradation of PPF bone cement and enabling it to possess photothermal properties. When exposed to an 808-nm laser, the temperature of the bone cement increased to 45–55 °C. Furthermore, haematoxylin and eosin-stained sections from the in vivo toxicity test did not display any anomalous tissue changes.

Conclusion
BP/PPF exhibited mechanical properties similar to that of bone: outstanding photothermal properties, cytocompatibility, and osteoinductivity. BP/PPF serves as an effective degradable bone cement and holds great potential in the field of bone regeneration.
Digital health interventions for all? Examining inclusivity across all stages of the digital health intervention research process
Authors: Krukowski Rebecca A. , Ross Kathryn M. , Western Max J. , Cooper Rosie , Busse Heide , Forbes Cynthia , Kuntsche Emmanuel , Allmeta Anila , Silva Anabelle Macedo , John-Akinola Yetunde O. , König Laura M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDigital interventions offer many possibilities for improving health, as remote interventions can enhance reach and access to underserved groups of society. However, research evaluating digital health interventions demonstrates that such technologies do not equally benefit all and that some in fact seem to reinforce a “digital health divide.” By better understanding these potential pitfalls, we may contribute to narrowing the digital divide in health promotion. The aim of this article is to highlight and reflect upon study design decisions that might unintentionally enhance inequities across key research stages—recruitment, enrollment, engagement, efficacy/effectiveness, and retention. To address the concerns highlighted, we propose strategies including (1) the standard definition of “effectiveness” should be revised to include a measure of inclusivity; (2) studies should report a broad range of potential inequity indicators of participants recruited, randomized, and retained and should conduct sensitivity analyses examining potential sociodemographic differences for both the effect and engagement of the digital interventions; (3) participants from historically marginalized groups should be involved in the design of study procedures, including those related to recruitment, consent, intervention implementation and engagement, assessment, and retention; (4) eligibility criteria should be minimized and carefully selected and the screening process should be streamlined; (5) preregistration of trials should include recruitment benchmarks for sample diversity and comprehensive lists of sociodemographic characteristics assessed; and (6) studies within trials should be embedded to systematically test recruitment and retention strategies to improve inclusivity. The implementation of these strategies would enhance the ability of digital health trials to recruit, randomize, engage, and retain a broader and more representative population in trials, ultimately minimizing the digital divide and broadly improving population health.
Large-scale comparison of machine learning methods for profiling prediction of kinase inhibitors
Authors: Wu Jiangxia , Chen Yihao , Wu Jingxing , Zhao Duancheng , Huang Jindi , Lin MuJie , Wang Ling 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConventional machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) play a key role in the selectivity prediction of kinase inhibitors. A number of models based on available datasets can be used to predict the kinase profile of compounds, but there is still controversy about the advantages and disadvantages of ML and DL for such tasks. In this study, we constructed a comprehensive benchmark dataset of kinase inhibitors, involving in 141,086 unique compounds and 216,823 well-defined bioassay data points for 354 kinases. We then systematically compared the performance of 12 ML and DL methods on the kinase profiling prediction task. Extensive experimental results reveal that (1) Descriptor-based ML models generally slightly outperform fingerprint-based ML models in terms of predictive performance. RF as an ensemble learning approach displays the overall best predictive performance. (2) Single-task graph-based DL models are generally inferior to conventional descriptor- and fingerprint-based ML models, however, the corresponding multi-task models generally improves the average accuracy of kinase profile prediction. For example, the multi-task FP-GNN model outperforms the conventional descriptor- and fingerprint-based ML models with an average AUC of 0.807. (3) Fusion models based on voting and stacking methods can further improve the performance of the kinase profiling prediction task, specifically, RF::AtomPairs + FP2 + RDKitDes fusion model performs best with the highest average AUC value of 0.825 on the test sets. These findings provide useful information for guiding choices of the ML and DL methods for the kinase profiling prediction tasks. Finally, an online platform called KIPP (https://kipp.idruglab.cn) and python software are developed based on the best models to support the kinase profiling prediction, as well as various kinase inhibitor identification tasks including virtual screening, compound repositioning and target fishing.
Secure semantic search using deep learning in a blockchain-assisted multi-user setting
Authors: Khan Shahzad , Abbas Haider , Binsawad Muhammad 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDeep learning-based semantic search (DLSS) aims to bridge the gap between experts and non-experts in search. Experts can create precise queries due to their prior knowledge, while non-experts struggle with specific terms and concepts, making their queries less precise. Cloud infrastructure offers a practical and scalable platform for data owners to upload their data, making it accessible to intended data users. However, the contemporary single-owner/single-user (S/S) approach to DLSS schemes falls short of effectively leveraging the inherent multi-user capabilities of cloud infrastructure. Furthermore, most of these schemes delegate the dissemination of secret keys to a single trust point within the mutual distrust scenario in cloud infrastructure. This paper proposes a Secure Semantic Search using Deep Learning in a Blockchain-Assisted Multi-User Setting $$(S^3DBMS)$$

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. Specifically, the seamless integration of attribute-based encryption with transfer learning allows the construction of DLSS in multi-owner/multi-user (M/M) settings. Further, blockchain’s smart contract mechanism allows a multi-attribute authority consensus-based generation of user private keys and system-wide global parameters in a mutual distrust M/M scenario. Finally, our scheme achieves privacy requirements and offers improved security and accuracy.
Risk factors, clinical presentation and 1-year outcome of ischemic stroke caused by small artery disease
Authors: Elgammal Tarek Mohammed , Fayed Hazem Abd El Rahman , El Shamy Ahmed Mohamad Basiouny , Eltomy Mohammed Adel , Awwad Moustafa Mahgoub 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of ischemic stroke (IS) caused by small-artery disease (SAD) is increasing recently. The present study aimed to report the risk factors, clinical presentations and outcome in patients presented with IS due to SAD with follow up for one year. The present study included 100 patients with IS due to SAD diagnosed on the basis of clinical and radiological findings. All patients were submitted to careful history taking, thorough clinical examination and standard laboratory work-up. Assessment of neurological functions was achieved using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Cognitive functions were evaluated using Trail making test, Stroop color word test, Arithmetic test, Vocabulary test, Wechsler adult intelligence scale IV digit span forward assessment and backward assessment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done using a standard 1.5 Tesla unit. According to radiological findings, patients were classified into three groups: GI (n = 40) with IS due to SAD, GII (n = 30) with IS due to SAD plus internal watershed infarcts and GIII (n = 30) with IS due to SAD plus large artery infarctions (n = 30).

Results
Comparison between the three groups regarding the reported risk factors identified significantly lower frequency of hyperlipidemia in GI patients as compared to GII and GIII patients (35.0% versus 60.0% and 66.7% respectively, p = 0.018). Clinically, it was shown that GI patients had significantly higher frequency of dizziness, dysphasia and tinnitus in comparison to the other two groups. It was also shown that those patients had significantly lower mean cortical thickness at the end of follow up (3.12 ± 0.9 versus 2.22 ± 0.8, p = 0.031). Finally, MRI brain volumetric study showed significantly decreased total cerebral cortical volume (TCCV) (589,456 ± 1689 versus 559,152 ± 1459) and total cerebral white matter volume (TCWMV) (521,546 ± 1785 versus 501,306 ± 1259) at the end of follow up.

Conclusions
Ischemic stroke caused by small artery disease is related to poor outcome with deterioration of cognitive functions.
Prognostic Impact of Hypothalamic Perforation in Adult Patients With Craniopharyngioma: A Cohort Study
Authors: Gaillard Stephan , Benichi Sandro , Villa Chiara , Jouinot Anne , Vatier Camille , Christin-Maitre Sophie , Raffin-Sanson Marie-Laure , Jacob Julian , Chanson Philippe , Courtillot Carine , Bachelot Anne , Bertherat Jérôme , Assié Guillaume , Baussart Bertrand 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Context
Outcome of craniopharyngioma is related to its locoregional extension, which impacts resectability and the risk of surgical complications. To maximize resection and minimize complications, optic tract localization, temporal lobe extension, and hypothalamic involvement are essential factors for surgical management.

Objective
To assess the outcome of craniopharyngiomas depending on their relation to the hypothalamus location.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of 79 patients with a craniopharyngioma who underwent surgery from 2007 to 2022. Craniopharyngiomas were classified in 3 groups, depending on the type of hypothalamus involvement assessed by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging: infra-hypothalamic (type A, n = 33); perforating the hypothalamus (type B, n = 40); and supra-hypothalamic (type C, n = 6). Surgical strategy was guided by the type of hypothalamic involvement, favoring endonasal approaches for type A and type B, and transcranial approaches for type C.

Results
Long-term disease control was achieved in 33/33 (100%), 37/40 (92%), and 5/6 (83%) patients in type A, B, and C, respectively. In type B, vision was improved in 32/36 (89%) patients, while hypothalamic function was improved, stable, or worsened in 6/40 (15%), 32/40 (80%), and 2/40 (5%) patients, respectively. Papillary craniopharyngiomas were found in 5/33 (15%), 9/40 (22%), and 3/6 (50%) patients in types A, B, and C, respectively. In 4 patients, BRAF/MEK inhibitors were used, with significant tumor shrinkage in all cases.

Conclusion
Craniopharyngiomas located below the hypothalamus or perforating it can be safely treated by transsphenoidal surgery. For supra-hypothalamic craniopharyngiomas, postoperative results are less favorable, and documenting a BRAF mutation may improve outcome, if targeted therapy was efficient enough to replace surgical debulking.
Profiling of Unfolded Protein Response Markers and Effect of IRE1α-specific Inhibitor in Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor
Authors: Morita Shuhei , Uraki Shinsuke , Ariyasu Hiroyuki , Tsuji Tomoya , Doi Asako , Furuta Hiroto , Yamoto Toshikazu , Nakao Naoyuki , Akamizu Takashi , Matsuoka Taka-aki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Context
Inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) and PKR-like ER kinase (PERK), which are endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane proteins, regulate the unfolded protein response (UPR). These molecules have recently gained attention as a novel therapeutic target in secretory tumors. The roles of the UPR in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are unclear.

Objective
To clarify UPR profiling of PitNETs and to investigate the effect of pharmacological modulation of UPR by KIRA8, a newly developed IRE1α-specific inhibitor.

Methods
In 131 patients with PitNETs, we evaluated RNA expression of UPR markers in PitNETs and their clinical phenotypes. Using GH3 cells, we examined the effects of KIRA8 and its combination with octreotide on UPR profiling, cell growth, and apoptosis.

Results
Cytoprotective adaptive-UPR (A-UPR) markers were more increased in functioning PitNETs (FPitNETs, n = 112) than in nonfunctioning PitNETs (NFPitNETs, n = 19), while there was no difference in proapoptotic terminal-UPR (T-UPR) markers. Similarly, overt somatotroph tumors (STs, acromegaly, n = 11) increased A-UPR compared with silent STs (n = 10). In STs, serum IGF-1 levels were inversely correlated with Txnip mRNA expression, a representative T-UPR marker. KIRA8 inhibited cell growth and facilitated apoptosis in GH3 cells with increased expressions of T-UPR markers, which was enhanced by the combination with octreotide. Octreotide increased mRNA expression of Txnip and Chop, but decreased spliced Xbp1 under ER stress. Octreotide is suggested to inhibit activation of IRE1α but to reciprocally induce T-UPR under PERK.

Conclusion
UPR markers in FPitNETs are implicated as dominant A-UPR but blunted T-UPR. KIRA8, enhanced with octreotide, unbalances the UPR, leading to antitumor effects. Targeting IRE1α may provide a novel strategy to treat PitNETs.
EVOLUÇÃO E FIM EM PLANETA DOS MACACOS
Authors: Martins Fabiane Alves 
Published: January 2024

No romance Planeta dos Macacos, de 1963, o escritor Pierre Boulle nos apresenta a história de Ulysse Mérou, um jornalista que embarca em uma viagem interestelar em busca de vida inteligente. Em sua jornada, Ulysse encontra um planeta que espelha uma realidade distorcida da Terra, na qual o homem é destituído de cultura, comunicação verbal, leis e religião, tendo como espécie dominante o símio. Desse modo, a partir de uma inversão de papéis que critica os elementos mais básicos das sociedades humanas em sua relação com os animais, Boulle mergulha seu leitor em um mundo que viu o fim da raça humana como a conhecemos. Porém, ao tematizar um futuro desolador para o homem, o romance oferece uma detalhada visão do passado, baseada em teorias da evolução humana, como as de Darwin (2018). Ao desconstruir uma determinada interpretação da evolução da vida, Boulle trabalha com a desmistificação de discursos redutores que estão na base de uma crença na superioridade humana sobre as demais espécies. Em meio aos ecos do que um dia teria sido a humanidade, a obra nos obriga a questionar a definição de humano, o que será refletido à luz das ideias do paleoantropólogo Pascal Picq (2014). Ao longo da narrativa, leitor e protagonista são levados a confrontar a fragilidade do conhecimento que o ser humano detém sobre a vida.
AUTONOMIA E EPISTEME DO PENSAMENTO CRÍTICO AFRODESCENDENTE. APONTAMENTOS PARA A HISTORIOGRAFIA E CRÍTICA LITERÁRIA LATINO-AMERICANA
Authors: Mendes Rogerio 
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo discute a ausência das contribuições afrodescendentes para o processo de formação da literatura hispano-americana pela historiografia e crítica literária e curricularização escolar. Atribui-se ao fato a predominância dos referentes civilizacionais eurocêntricos na América Latina em virtude das relações coloniais no continente. Ao apresentar como operam e sistematizam-se as cosmogonias e as cosmovisões africanas no continente americano, pretende-se dispor de sensibilidades para melhor entender e articular, através da História, Antropologia e Filosofia, a crítica e a compreensão da produção literária afrodescendente na América Latina. Reflexo no propósito que releva a motivação das Epistemologias do Sul, ao aproximar os fundamentos tradicionais e sapienciais que aproximam África e América, bem como reflexões do Coletivo Decolonial, no propósito de (re)pensar os desdobramentos históricos, políticos e sociais da relação entre a Modernidade e Colonialidade para a América Latina, de dentro do que propôs o conceito “Cidade Letrada” (RAMA, 1985) o estudo destaca importância e centralidade do patrimônio ancestral e produção crítica da epistemologia afrodescendente genuína e independente – como Afrorealismo (DUNCAN, 2006); “Pedagogia da Cimarronaje” (MENDES, 2019); Pedagogia das Encruzilhadas (RUFINO, 2018), “Inscritura”(QUEIROZ, 2007) etc. – no intuito de melhor visibilizar a contribuição e compreensão cultural e intelectual africana e afrodescendente no processo de formação do pensamento fundamental e crítico latino-americano.
Progressive malocclusion in adults: atypical aetiology resulting in iatrogenic acromegaly
Authors: Rae Jennifer , Cross David 
Published: January 2024

The development of malocclusion in adulthood presents diagnostic and management challenges. The aetiology of any changes must be identified because this will influence patient management, particularly if surgical intervention is considered. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This case demonstrates the importance of both awareness and clinical suspicion of acromegaly and highlights a novel aetiology of the disease.
Emergence and Maturity in Policing COVID-19
Authors: Kawalek Peter , Coxhead John , Jackson Lisa 
Published: January 2024

This chapter reviews the issues presented by a single police force in the United Kingdom through an inductive, grounded theory study incorporating interviews. In order to develop a theoretical account that is of value for future learning and practical preparation, the idea of ‘emergence’ is developed alongside a second concept, ‘maturity’. Emergence can be understood in terms of the manifestation of new levels of complexity in a dynamic situation, and maturity can be understood as the capacity for systematic responses that are appropriate and effective. A more mature organization is able to deploy a greater range of systematic responses to a solution or containment of some risk. A less mature organization relies more immediately and more often on the heroic action and in situ improvisation of its staff, in this case police frontline workers. The two concepts, therefore, serve as counterpoints. Emergence threatens to overwhelm; maturity seeks to contain.
Plasma miRNA expression in patients with genetically confirmed multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome and its phenocopies
Authors: Trukhina D. A. , Mamedova E. O. , Nikitin A. G. , Koshkin P. A. , Belaya Zh. E. , Melnichenko G. A. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: MEN-1 is a rare autosomal dominant disease caused by mutations in MEN1 gene encoding the menin protein. This syndrome is characterized by the occurrence of parathyroid tumors, gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, pituitary adenomas, as well as other endocrine and non-endocrine tumors. If a patient with the MEN-1 phenotype carry no mutations in the MEN1 gene, the condition considers a phenocopy of syndrome (phMEN1). The possible cause of this changes could be changes in epigenetic regulation, particularly in microRNA expression that might affect menin signaling pathways.AIM: to identify differently expressed circulating miRNAs in plasma in patients with genetically confirmed MEN-1 syndrome, its phenocopies and healthy controls.MATERIALS AND METHODS: single-center, case-control study was conducted. We assessed plasma microRNA expression in patients with genetically confirmed MEN-1 (gMEN1), phMEN1 and healthy controls. Morning plasma samples were collected from fasting patients and stored at –80°C. Total RNA isolation was performed using miRNeasy Mini Kit with QIAcube. The libraries were prepared by the QIAseq miRNA Library Kit following the manufacturer. Circulating miRNA sequencing was done on Illumina NextSeq 500 (Illumina). Subsequent data processing was performed using the DESeq2 bioinformatics algorithm.RESULTS: we enrolled 21 consecutive patients with gMEN1 and 11 patients with phMEN1, along with 12 gender matched controls. Median age of gMEN1 was 38,0 [34,0; 41,0]; in phMEN1 — 59,0 [51,0; 60,0]; control — 59,5 [51,5; 62,5]. The gMEN1 group differed in age (p<0.01) but not gender (р=0.739) or BMI (р=0.116) compared to phMEN1 and controls group, the last two groups did not differ by these parameters (p>0.05). 25 microRNA were differently expressed in groups gMEN1 and phMEN1 (21 upregulated microRNAs, 4 — downregulated). Comparison of samples from the phMEN-1 group and relatively healthy controls revealed 10 differently expressed microRNAs: 5 — upregulated; 5 — downregulated. In the gMEN-1 and control groups, 26 differently expressed microRNAs were found: 24 — upregulated; 2 — downregulated. The miRNAs most differing in expression among the groups were selected for further validation by RT-qPCR (in the groups of gMEN1 vs phMEN1 — miR-3613-5p, miR-335-5p, miR-32-5p, miR-425-3p, miR-25-5p, miR-576-5p, miR-215-5p, miR-30a-3p, miR-141-3p, miR-760, miR-501-3p; gMEN1 vs control — miR-1976, miR-144-5p miR-532-3p, miR-375; as well as in phMEN1 vs control — miR-944, miR-191-5p, miR-98-5p).CONCLUSION: In a pilot study, we detected microRNAs that may be expressed differently between patients with gMEN-1 and phMEN-1. The results need to be validated using different measurement method with larger sample size.