bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age-specific Reference Intervals of Abbott Intact PTH—Potential Impacts on Clinical Care
Authors: Kalaria Tejas , Lawson Alexander J , Duffy Joanne , Agravatt Ashishkumar , Harris Steve , Ford Clare , Gama Rousseau , Webster Craig , Geberhiwot Tarekegn 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
PTH assays are not standardized; therefore, method-specific PTH reference intervals are required for interpretation of results. PTH increases with age in adults but age-related reference intervals for the Abbott intact PTH (iPTH) assay are not available.

Methods
Deidentified serum PTH results from September 2015 to November 2022 were retrieved from the laboratory information system of a laboratory serving a cosmopolitan population in central-west England for individuals aged 18 years and older if the estimated glomerular filtration rate was ≥60 mL/min, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was &gt;50 nmol/L, and serum albumin-adjusted calcium and serum phosphate were within reference intervals. Age-specific reference intervals for Abbott iPTH were derived by an indirect method using the refineR algorithm.

Results
PTH increased with age and correlated with age when controlled for 25-hydroxyvitamin D, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and adjusted calcium (r = 0.093, P &lt; .001). The iPTH age-specific reference intervals for 4 age partitions of 18 to 45 years, 46 to 60 years, 61 to 80 years, and 81 to 95 years were 1.6 to 8.6 pmol/L, 1.8 to 9.5 pmol/L, 2.0 to 11.3 pmol/L, and 2.3 to 12.3 pmol/L, respectively. PTH was higher in women compared with men (P &lt; .001). Sex-specific age-related reference intervals could not be derived because of the limited sample size.

Conclusion
Age-specific Abbott iPTH reference intervals were derived. Application of age-specific reference intervals will impact the diagnosis and management of normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism, based on current definitions, and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Additional studies are required to clarify the effect of sex and ethnicity on PTH.
The Lithuanianisation of Adam Mickiewicz
Authors: Šeina Viktorija 
Published: January 2024

In this article, I analyse the cultural practices applied by Lithuanian interwar intellectuals seeking to Lithuanianise the great Polish romantic poet Adam Mickiewicz. Mickiewicz was born to a family of Polish-speaking nobles in a predominantly Belarusian part of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Because his historically themed works had an impact on the Lithuanian national movement, Lithuanian intellectuals sought ways to attribute Mickiewicz to Lithuanian culture.
Mickiewicz, who wrote in Polish, was a stalwart Polish-Lithuanian patriot. As this was in conflict with ethnocultural Lithuanian nationalism, interwar defenders of Mickiewicz’s attribution to Lithuanian literature looked for additional arguments supporting the poet’s Lithuanianness. In this article, I explore two ways that Mickiewicz was Lithuanianised: through a myth surrounding his ethnic origins and by introducing distortions into Lithuanian translations of the poet’s works.
From the end of the nineteenth century, Lithuanians generally saw their local nobility as ‘Polonised Lithuanians’. This view applied to Mickiewicz as well. Without having any factual evidence to support it, the interwar Lithuanian philosopher Stasys Šalkauskis sought to convince readers that Mickiewicz was descended from the Rimvydas clan. Another means of Lithuanianising Mickiewicz was through ideologically motivated editing and distorting translations of his works into Lithuanian. The most striking example of this was a 1927 anthology of the poet’s works compiled by Lithuanian literary historian Mykolas Biržiška.
The Seasons by James Thomson and the Baltic German Poetry about the Seasons in the Era of Baltic Enlightenment
Authors: Kaur Kairit 
Published: January 2024

Since 2016 one of my research topics has been the Baltic German reception of English poetry through the lens of cultural historical book collections in Estonia. One of my findings has been that James Thomson’s The Seasons belonged among the most often received works of English poetry by Baltic Germans in Estonia, after James Macpherson’s Poems of Ossian and John Milton’s Paradise Lost and followed by Edward Young’s Night-Thoughts. (Kaur 2018: 375) Except for Milton’s, these works are almost unknown to modern Estonian readers. Therefore a few words to introduce Thomson and his famous work should be said.
James Thomson (1700–1748) was an 18th century Scottish poet and playwright. Son of a Presbyterian minister, he studied at the College of Edinburgh to become a minister (1715–1719). However, very soon he found that preaching was not his calling and moved in 1725 to London to commit himself to literary work. There he created his poetic tetralogy in blank verse Winter (first published in 1726), Summer (1727), Spring (1728) and Autumn, which appeared together under the title The Seasons in 1730 (revised version in 1744). Enthusiastic, patriotic and full of love for flora, fauna, people, landscapes and everchanging weather conditions of his surroundings, but also of the wider world, it was received with great admiration by his British compatriots. But not only them: a new fresh interest in nature and especially in the phenomenon of the seasons as well the wish to describe and express them through poetry and other artistic means can be traced in Europe. Some years before Thomson the famous Italian composer Antonio Vivaldi had created his violin concerto The Four Seasons (1718) and a German poet and senator from the city of Hamburg, Barthold Hinrich Brockes, had started to publish his series Irdisches Vergnügen in Gott (Earthly Delight in God) (1721–1748) in which he meticulously described many objects from and views of nature as God’s creations, inspired by English and Dutch physical theology.
Fabrique des risques liés à la sédentarité et promotion du « sport-santé » en France (1960-2022)
Authors: Morales Yves 
Published: January 2024

L’étude proposée consiste à observer les dynamiques sociales qui accompagnent la montée des préoccupations relatives aux risques liées au manque d’exercice en analysant leurs conséquences sur la promotion de l’activité physique à des fins de santé publique, des années 1960 à nos jours. En relevant les justifications scientifiques et éthiques qui accompagnent les alertes exprimées et les propositions faites, il s’agit de montrer que l’action publique relative au « sport-santé » se décline progressivement comme une solution collective aux risques liés à la sédentarité, prenant de l’importance jusqu’à sa mise à l’agenda politique récente. L’analyse révèle trois séquences temporelles significatives qui traduisent des déclinaisons spécifiques du problème public considéré et des dynamiques d’actions publiques engagées pour y remédier. Cette situation illustre l’avènement d’un gouvernement des corps impliquant les individus et les collectifs dans une démarche de plus en plus participative et responsabilisante. Elle soulève également des problèmes d’inégalités sociales et territoriales auxquelles s’ajoutent des tensions relatives au périmètre des compétences d’intervention des professionnels.
Numéro 182 - janvier 2024
Authors: Bertrand Aurélie , Bodart Vincent , Clarr Margaux , De Bundel Florian , Guillet Alain , Lachapelle Nathan , Notte Vincent , Van Keirsbilck Leïla 
Published: January 2024

Malgré le fort durcissement des conditions monétaire et financière, l’économie belge a progressé de manière significative durant les premiers trimestres de 2023. Selon nos prévisions, sa progression devrait se poursuivre au dernier trimestre 2023 et en 2024. Son rythme de croissance devrait toutefois ralentir quelque peu au cours des prochains trimestres. D’une part, plusieurs facteurs contraires à la croissance demeurent actuellement présents : la conjoncture industrielle demeure maussade en Belgique et au niveau mondial, l’économie allemande est proche de la récession, des problèmes internes contraignent la croissance économique chinoise, les conditions financières sont toujours très restrictives, les créations d’emplois sont moins nombreuses et les risques géopolitiques sont élevés. D’autre part, il semble que l’expansion économique belge soit soutenue depuis plusieurs trimestres par certains éléments particuliers, dont l’impact devrait être moins positif à l’avenir. Ainsi, au cours des trimestres passés, la consommation privée a probablement été soutenue par l’épargne excédentaire que les ménages ont accumulé durant la pandémie. On peut raisonnablement penser que cet effet sera moins actif à l’avenir.
En 2023, la croissance de l’économie belge devrait être de 1,5% en base annuelle moyenne. Selon nos prévisions, elle faiblirait à 1,1% en 2024.
Malgré l’affaiblissement de la croissance économique, la situation du marché continuera à s’améliorer en 2024. L’emploi devrait ainsi augmenter de 47.000 personnes en 2024, ce qui entrainera une très légère diminution du nombre de personnes au chômage.
En décembre 2023, l’inflation générale était de 1,4%. Elle devrait se relever légèrement en 2024 où elle atteindrait 2,0% en fin d’année.
Résumé des prévisions:
• L’économie belge devrait croître de 1,1% en 2024.• L’emploi augmenterait d’environ 47.000 unités en 2024.• Le nombre de demandeurs d’emploi diminuerait de 2.000 unités en 2024.• L’inflation générale des prix à la consommation s’élèverait en moyenne à 2,2% en 2024.• Le déficit budgétaire des administrations publiques atteindrait 3,9% en 2024.
Generalized minimizing movements for the varifold Canham–Helfrich flow
Authors: Brazda Katharina , Kružík Martin , Stefanelli Ulisse 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The gradient flow of the Canham–Helfrich functional is tackled via the generalized minimizing movements approach. We prove the existence of solutions in Wasserstein spaces of varifolds, as well as upper and lower diameter bounds. In the more regular setting of multiply covered

C

1
,
1

{C^{1,1}}

surfaces, we provide a Li–Yau-type estimate for the Canham–Helfrich energy and prove the conservation of multiplicity along the evolution.
Co-building “the Belt and Road” With Islamic Countries Shoud Focus on the Cultural and Religious Attributes
Authors: Li Lingxi , Hou Yuxiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The year 2023 marks the 10th anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative. In the past decade, the initiative has been transformed from theory to practice, from vision to reality, with more and more countries and international organizations participating in the initiative, more and more fruitful results were achieved, and more and more tangible benefits for the people of the co-building countries. Islamic countries have natural location advantages, rich resource endowment, and potential demographic dividend, which are an important force that cannot be ignored in the joint construction. Islamic countries have a wide geographical distribution and population coverage and a great influence in the international arena. At the same time, there are many differences among Islamic countries themself. In this paper, we will outline the important impact of cultural and religious attributes when cobuilding “the Belt and Road” with Islamic countries from four aspects: history, reality, opportunities, and challenges, and gain a comprehensive and accurate understanding of the cultural and religious attributes and their development of these countries, which will help us better cooperate with Islamic countries. A comprehensive and accurate understanding of the cultural and religious attributes and their development of these countries will help us better cooperate with Islamic countries for mutual benefit and win-win cooperation, and promote the high-quality construction of the Belt and Road.
Overseas Chinese in the Middle East and North Africa: Proposing a Research Agenda
Authors: Wang Yuting 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Due to its small size and uneven distribution, overseas Chinese communities in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region are largely absent in overseas Chinese studies and China-MENA studies. As China increases its economic and political involvement in MENA, overseas Chinese communities have also grown rapidly in recent years. The trend is likely to continue with the development of the Belt and Road Initiative. This paper identifies the key areas in research and suggests the need for cross-disciplinary collaborations in studying overseas Chinese in MENA.
China-Arab Relations: Between Official Diplomacy and Civil Diplomacy
Authors: Daher Massoud 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper analyzes the cultural and social dimensions of the concept of civil diplomacy, encompassing various aspects of intellectual, artistic, literary, and creative life. It reflects the dynamism of cultural life on national, ethnic, and humanistic levels. People-to-people diplomacy is a theoretical concept that symbolizes the protection of basic human rights in terms of knowledge, work, housing, freedom of expression, and the right of people to defend themselves and build their communities freely, according to their core interests, without external pressures. It utilizes media channels to promote relations between nations and relies on civil initiatives and non-governmental organizations to generate widespread public opinion that contributes to raising awareness among people in various fields. Civil diplomacy has contributed to enhancing positive cooperation between nations and has helped expand the scope of collaboration among people’s organizations advocating for the fundamental interests of their communities. The paper addresses the origins of diplomatic representation between China and Arab countries, the cultural and social dimensions of China-Arab civil diplomacy, the distinguished experience of the Arab-Chinese Friendship Association from 2006 to 2023, China’s and Arab countries’ efforts to build a more humane globalization, and the future prospects of civil diplomacy in the development of China-Arab relations build a more humane globalization, and the future prospects of civil diplomacy in the development of China-Arab relations.
Magnesium nanohydroxide (2D brucite) as a host matrix for thymol and carvacrol: Synthesis, characterization, and inhibition of foodborne pathogens
Authors: Castorena-Sánchez A. M. , Velázquez-Carriles C. A. , López-Álvarez M. A. , Serrano-Niño J. C. , Cavazos-Garduño A. , Garay-Martínez L. E. , Silva-Jara J. M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Terpenes, such as thymol and carvacrol, are phenols that exhibit antioxidant and antimicrobial activities but are unstable in the presence of light or oxygen. Layered hydroxide salts are laminar compounds that can host molecules in their interlaminar space, protecting them from degradation and delivering bioactive molecules in a sustained manner. In the present study, hybrids composed of brucite, thymol, or carvacrol were synthesized by precipitation and anion-exchange process. The structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction, and characteristic hexagonal morphology was verified by scanning electronic microscopy. The antibacterial activity of hybrids was evaluated against foodborne pathogens (Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus), obtaining an inhibition of 80% for both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, while inhibition of 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) was 65% for carvacrol and 93% for thymol. Finally, the exposition of hybrids to Artemia salina proved to be non-toxic up to 200 mg·mL−1. The results suggest that these hybrids can control pathogen growth and exhibit antioxidant activity without threatening consumers’ health in the case of consumption, which helps develop novel and safe products applied in the food industry.
Electrochromic nanopixels with optical duality for optical encryption applications
Authors: Ko Joo Hwan , Yeo Ji-Eun , Jeong Hyo Eun , Yoo Dong Eun , Lee Dong Wook , Oh Yeon-Wha , Jung Sanghee , Kang Il-Seok , Jeong Hyeon-Ho , Song Young Min 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Advances in nanophotonics have created numerous pathways for light–matter interactions in nanometer scale, enriched by physical and chemical mechanisms. Over the avenue, electrically tunable photonic response is highly desired for optical encryption, optical switch, and structural color display. However, the perceived obstacle, which lies in the energy-efficient tuning mechanism and/or its weak light–matter interaction, is treated as a barrier. Here, we introduce electrochromic nanopixels made of hybrid nanowires integrated with polyaniline (PANI). The device shows optical duality between two resonators: (i) surface plasmon polariton (SPP)-induced waveguide (wavelength-selective absorber) and (ii) ultrathin resonator (broadband absorber). With switching effect of between resonant modes, we achieve enhanced chromatic variation spanning from red to green and blue while operating at a sub-1-volt level, ensuring compatibility with the CMOS voltage range. This modulation is achieved by improving the light–matter interaction, effectively harnessing the intrinsic optical property transition of PANI from lossy to dielectric in response to the redox states. In our experimental approach, we successfully scaled up device fabrication to an 8-inch wafer, tailoring the nanowire array to different dimensions for optical information encryption. Demonstrating distinct chromaticity modulation, we achieve optical encryption of multiple data bits, up to 8 bits per unit cell. By capitalizing on the remarkable sensitivity to the angular dependence of the waveguiding mode, we further enhance the information capacity to an impressive 10 bits per unit cell.
Three-dimensional surface lattice plasmon resonance effect from plasmonic inclined nanostructures via one-step stencil lithography
Authors: Jeong Tae-In , Kim Sehyeon , Kim San , Shin Minchan , Gliserin Alexander , Kang Tae Young , Kim Kyujung , Kim Seungchul 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Plasmonic nanostructures allow the manipulation and confinement of optical fields on the sub-wavelength scale. The local field enhancement and environmentally sensitive resonance characteristics provided by these nanostructures are of high importance for biological and chemical sensing. Recently, surface lattice plasmon resonance (SLR) research has attracted much interest because of its superior quality factor (Q-factor) compared to that of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPR), which is facilitated by resonant plasmonic mode coupling between individual nanostructures over a large area. This advantage can be further enhanced by utilizing asymmetric 3D structures rather than low-height (typically height < ∼60 nm) structure arrays, which results in stronger coupling due to an increased mode volume. However, fabricating 3D, high-aspect ratio, symmetry-breaking structures is a complex and challenging process even with state-of-the-art fabrication technology. Here, we report a plasmonic metasurface of 3D inclined structures produced via commercial TEM grid–based stencil lithography with a Q-factor of 101.6, a refractive index sensitivity of 291 nm/RIU, and a figure of merit (FOM) of 44.7 in the visible wavelength range at a refractive index of 1.5 by utilizing the 3D SLR enhancement effect, which exceeds the performance of most LSPR systems (Q < ∼10). The symmetry-breaking 3D inclined structures that are fabricated by electron beam evaporation at an angle increase the polarizability of the metasurface and the directionality of the diffractively scattered radiative field responsible for SLR mode coupling. Additionally, we explore the role of spatial coherence in facilitating the SLR effect and thus a high-Q plasmonic response from the nanostructures. Our work demonstrates the feasibility of producing 3D inclined structure arrays with pronounced SLR enhancement for high biological sensitivity by utilizing the previously unexplored inclined stencil lithography, which opens the way to fabricate highly sensitive plasmonic metasurfaces with this novel simple technique.
A solid-state 171Yb NMR-spectroscopic characterization of selected divalent ytterbium intermetallics
Authors: Gerdes Josef Maximilian , Schumacher Lars , Hansen Michael Ryan , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The intermetallic ytterbium compounds YbZnSn, YbPdSn2, YbAuIn2 and their calcium-substituted counterparts Yb0.5Ca0.5ZnSn, Yb0.5Ca0.5PdSn2 and Yb0.5Ca0.5AuIn2 were synthesized by reaction of the elements in sealed tantalum tubes in an induction furnace. The samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction. Their static, temperature-dependent solid-state 171Yb NMR spectra exhibit strong positive Knight shifts without any significant temperature dependence. The resonance shifts including anisotropy parameters for the ternary compounds have been determined.
Revisiting and Rethinking the Identifiable Victim Effect: Replication and Extension of Small, Loewenstein, and Slovic (2007)
Authors: Maier Maximilian , Wong Yik Chun , Feldman Gilad 
Published: January 2024

The identifiable victim effect describes the stronger tendency to help a specific victim than to help a group of unidentified statistical victims. Our reanalysis of a meta-analysis on the effect by Lee and Freely (2016) using robust Bayesian meta-analysis suggested publication bias in the literature and the need to revisit the phenomenon. We conducted a pre-registered far replication and extension of Studies 1 and 3 in Small et al. (2007), a seminal demonstration of the identifiable victim effect, with hypothetical donations. We examined the impact of deliberative thinking on the identifiable victim effect both by directly informing participants of the effect (Study 1) and by providing an identified victim with statistical information (Study 3). We found no empirical support for the identifiable victim effect (ηp2 = .000, 95% CI [.000, .003]) and subsequently no support for debiasing such a phenomenon (ηp2 = .001, 95% CI[.000, .012]). These findings suggest that the identifiable victim may be better framed in terms of ‘scope-insensitivity’. In other words, rather than providing more to a single identified victim, participants seem to be insensitive to the number of victims affected. However, our study involved only hypothetical donations rather than a real-effort real-donation paradigm as in Small et al. (2007). Therefore, we hope that our results spark motivation for future high-powered replications with real money donations, ideally carried out as registered reports and in collaboration with proponents of the original effect. Materials, data, and code were made available on the OSF: https://osf.io/n4jkh/ .