bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decoding Therapeutic Applications of Quercetin: Recent Advancements in
Nanotechnological Strategies
Authors: Grewal Sonam , Tiwary Neha , Malik Gaurav , Garg Madhukar , Deswal Geeta , Chopra Bhawna , Grewal Ajmer Singh , Dhingra Ashwani K. , Guarve Kumar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
For centuries, people have used herbal medicine to treat a diversity of health complications
and as a natural substance, they have a favourable effect on our health. Herbal ingredients can be utilized
as lead molecules in the innovation and development of a new drug. Flavonoids are a class of
chemical compounds with diverse phenolic structures, and they are found in a wide variety of foods,
including fruits, vegetables, cereals, bark, roots, stems, flowers, tea, and wine. Quercetin is the most
prevalent polyphenolic bioflavonoid or flavonoid. Quercetin is found in many food products and has
demonstrated a wide range of pharmacological activities, including the treatment of allergies, ocular
diseases, metabolic ailments, inflammatory illnesses, cardiovascular ailments and arthritis. Quercetin
has attracted interest as an emerging pharmacophore with the potential to significantly advance research
and the development of novel therapeutic medicines for a variety of diseases. Despite having a
huge therapeutic potential, these flavonoids have unfavourable pharmacokinetic characteristics, low
bioavailability, and poor solubility, limiting their application in therapeutics. The objective of the current
study is to present a new update on the major therapeutic uses of quercetin and other types of
nanocarriers that contain quercetin to treat various ailments.
Characterizing Nanoparticle Isolated by Yam Bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) as a Potential Agent for Nanocosmetics: An in vitro and in vivo Approaches
Authors: Kusnandar Maesa Ranggawati , Wibowo Indra , Barlian Anggraini 
Published: February 2024

Background:
This study investigated the potential of Plant-Derived Exosome-Like Nanoparticles
(PDENs) as cosmeceutical nanocarriers for treating skin problems, such as scar removal,
face rejuvenation, anti-aging, and anti-pigmentation.

Objective:
Researchers isolated PDENs from Yam Bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) using PEG-based precipitation,
gradual filtration, and various centrifugations at low temperatures. Followed by in vitro and
in vivo studies using HDF cells and Zebrafish.

Methods:
The morphology of the YB-PDENs was determined using TEM analysis, they had a spherical
shape with diameters of 236,83 ± 9,27 nm according to PSA. The study found that YB-PDENs
were stable in aquabidest at 4°C for one month of storage and had ~-26,5 mV of Zeta Potential. The
concentration of YB-PDENs was measured using the BCA Assay, and internalization of YB-PDENs
to HDF cells was observed using a Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope labelled with PKH67.

Results:
As for cytotoxicity, after 24 and 72 hours of incubation with YB-PDENs, the viability of
HDF cells remained more than 80%. The study also examined cell migration using the Scratch Assay
and found that at 2,5 μg/mL, YB-PDENs had better migration results than other concentrations. Immunocytochemistry
showed that collagen expression was higher after 14 days of incubation with YBPDENs,
and melanocytes in zebrafish decreased at each concentration compared with controls.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, this study is the first to extract and describe PDENs from Yam Bean
(Pachyrhizus erosus), with YB-PDENs having a promising anti-melanogenic effect in skin treatment.
This study highlights the potential of YB-PDENs as a promising alternative to depigmentation and
skin whitening treatments.
Green Chemistry and In silico Techniques for Synthesis of Novel
Pyranopyrazole and Pyrazolo-pyrano-pyrimidine Derivatives as
Promising Antifungal Agents
Authors: Asgaonkar Kalyani Dhirendra , Chitre Trupti Sameer , Patil Shital Manoj , Shevate Krishna Sambhajirao , Sagar Ashwini Kishan , Ghate Dipti Dattatray , Shah Parth Anil 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Every year Invasive Fungal Infections (IFI) are globally affecting millions
of people. Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger have been reported as the most infectious
and mortality-inducing fungal strains among all pathogenic fungi.

Aim & Objective:
To tackle this problem in the current study Pyranopyrazoles and Pyrazolopyrano-
pyrimidine derivatives were developed using molecular hybridization, green chemistry
and one-pot multicomponent reaction.

Material and Method:
In the present work, New Chemical entities (NCE’s) were developed
on the basis of Structure activity relationship. All designed NCE’s were screened for ADMET
studies using the QikProp module of Schrodinger software. NCE’s with zero violations were
further docked on the crystal structure of 14α demethylase, cytochrome P450 and thymidine
synthase (PDB ID: 5V5Z, 7SHI, 1BID). Selected molecules were synthesized using green
chemistry techniques and evaluated for in vitro antifungal activity against Candida albicans and
Aspergillus niger.

Result and Discussion:
Designed NCE’s (B1-12 and C1-11) showed favorable results in ADMET
studies. In the docking study six compounds from series-B and five molecules from series-
C showed good dock score and binding interaction when compared with the standard drugs.
Compounds B-3 and C-4 showed the highest zone of inhibition activity against Candida albicans,
where as B-1 and C-3 had shown highest zone of inhibition activity against Aspergillus
niger.

Conclusion:
Bicyclic ring (series B) showed better activity as compare to fused tricyclic ring
(series C).
Impact of Virtual Reality–Based Group Activities on Activity Level and Well-Being Among Older Adults in Nursing Homes: Longitudinal Exploratory Study
Authors: Li Yijun , Wilke Carlotta , Shiyanov Irina , Muschalla Beate 
Published: February 2024

Background
In addition to illness, inactivity is a risk factor for high mortality in nursing homes. Using innovative technology, such as virtual reality (VR), for meaningful group activities could provide new opportunities for solving this problem. VR interventions have already been approved as a promising method for enhancing the health of older adults.

Objective
In this study, we examined whether VR-based group activities can have a positive impact on activity level and group interaction among older adults living in nursing homes.

Methods
We conducted a longitudinal study and provided VR interventions as a group activity once a week for 4 consecutive weeks in nursing homes. Participants were recruited based on the experience of the nursing staff members and the natural decisions of the older adults. Within a virtual cottage, designed according to the needs of the target group, older adults were able to perform daily tasks that they were no longer able to do in real life, such as gardening and making pizza. Overall, 2 psychologists measured the psychosocial capacities, activities of daily life, and well-being before and after the interventions using standardized instruments.

Results
The results focus on a total of 84 older adults from 14 nursing homes who completed at least 3 VR interventions. The results indicate that several psychosocial capacities among the older adults improved, including adherence to regulations (P<.001; η²=0.122), flexibility (P<.001; η²=0.109), and group integration (P<.001; η²=0.141). Problems related to competence also showed a slight decrease (P=.04; η²=0.039). In addition, the VR intervention promoted their proactivity (P<.001; η²=0.104) and mobility (P=.04; η²=0.039). During the VR group intervention, older adults’ well-being could be maintained at a high level. The results highlight the beneficial effects of VR intervention as a meaningful activity in nursing homes, showcasing the potential of VR applications in this setting.

Conclusions
This study provides a novel and naturalistic perspective, offering new insights into the use of VR in nursing homes. The VR intervention was well accepted and fulfilled the aim of enhancing capacity and well-being. It could be a meaningful group activity in nursing homes to improve social group interaction. To provide stronger evidence, randomized controlled trials are necessary.
Cost, Usability, Credibility, Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, and Explainability Framework for Safe and Effective Large Language Models in Medical Education: Narrative Review and Qualitative Study
Authors: Quttainah Majdi , Mishra Vinaytosh , Madakam Somayya , Lurie Yotam , Mark Shlomo 
Published: February 2024

Background
The world has witnessed increased adoption of large language models (LLMs) in the last year. Although the products developed using LLMs have the potential to solve accessibility and efficiency problems in health care, there is a lack of available guidelines for developing LLMs for health care, especially for medical education.

Objective
The aim of this study was to identify and prioritize the enablers for developing successful LLMs for medical education. We further evaluated the relationships among these identified enablers.

Methods
A narrative review of the extant literature was first performed to identify the key enablers for LLM development. We additionally gathered the opinions of LLM users to determine the relative importance of these enablers using an analytical hierarchy process (AHP), which is a multicriteria decision-making method. Further, total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) was used to analyze the perspectives of product developers and ascertain the relationships and hierarchy among these enablers. Finally, the cross-impact matrix-based multiplication applied to a classification (MICMAC) approach was used to determine the relative driving and dependence powers of these enablers. A nonprobabilistic purposive sampling approach was used for recruitment of focus groups.

Results
The AHP demonstrated that the most important enabler for LLMs was credibility, with a priority weight of 0.37, followed by accountability (0.27642) and fairness (0.10572). In contrast, usability, with a priority weight of 0.04, showed negligible importance. The results of TISM concurred with the findings of the AHP. The only striking difference between expert perspectives and user preference evaluation was that the product developers indicated that cost has the least importance as a potential enabler. The MICMAC analysis suggested that cost has a strong influence on other enablers. The inputs of the focus group were found to be reliable, with a consistency ratio less than 0.1 (0.084).

Conclusions
This study is the first to identify, prioritize, and analyze the relationships of enablers of effective LLMs for medical education. Based on the results of this study, we developed a comprehendible prescriptive framework, named CUC-FATE (Cost, Usability, Credibility, Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, and Explainability), for evaluating the enablers of LLMs in medical education. The study findings are useful for health care professionals, health technology experts, medical technology regulators, and policy makers.
Studi Formulasi dan Karakteristik Fisik Serum Spray Kombinasi Ceramide dan Tea Tree Oil serta Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Menggunakan Metode DPPH
Authors: Sasmitasari Diana , Pratiwi Elasari Dwi , Kumala Sari Diah Indah 
Published: February 2024

Paparan sinar matahari menyebabkan kulit menjadi kusam karena mengandung radiasi sinar UV yang dapat merusak lapisan kulit. Penggunaan kosmetik yang mengandung senyawa antioksidan seperti ceramide dan tea tree oil dapat melindungi kulit dari paparan sinar matahari. Ceramide dapat memperkuat skin barrier dan mencegah hilangnya kelembapan kulit yang berfungsi sebagai antiaging dan memberikan efek perbaikan pada kulit dengan menghambat sebagian efek yang tidak diinginkan terkait penuaan. Tea tree oil merupakan agen antioksidan yang berfungsi untuk menangkap radikal bebas, bahan penangkap radikal bebas meliputi α-terpinene, α-terpinolene dan γ-terpinene. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan karakteristik fisik dan nilai aktivitas antioksidan serum spray yang mengandung kombinasi zat aktif ceramide dan tea tree oil. Metode penelitian secara eksperimental dengan membuat formula sediaan serum spray kombinasi ceramide dan tea tree oil dengan variasi konsentrasi 0,5%, 0,75%, dan 1% kemudian dilakukan pengujian karakteristik fisik dan aktivitas antioksidan. Hasil evaluasi karakteristik fisik berpengaruh terhadap parameter warna, aroma, pH, viskositas, dan daya sebar, tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap parameter konsistensi dan homogenitas sediaan. Hasil evaluasi nilai aktivitas antioksidan dari masing-masing formula didapatkan nilai IC50 terhadap kontrol (+) ceramide sebesar 33,9 ppm, kontrol (+) TTO 43,92 ppm, F1 sebesar 28,77 ppm, F2 sebesar 27,34 ppm, F3 sebesar 15,26 ppm yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat kuat. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu dengan adanya peningkatan konsentrasi ceramide dan tea tree oil memberikan pengaruh terhadap karakteristik fisik sediaan dan nilai Inhibition Concentration (IC50).
Pengembangan Peptida Antimikroba Sintesis (KR-12) dalam Sistem Vesikular Liposom
Authors: Apriani Diana Kurnia , Dwiya Reiva Farah , Chaerunisaa Anis Yohana , Rostinawati Tina 
Published: February 2024

Peptida Antimikroba (PAM) merupakan salah satu kandidat yang memiliki potensi sebagai anti-infeksi baru yang memiliki aktivitas biologi yang luas dengan peptida yang panjang. Peptida antimikroba dengan jumlah peptida yang lebih pendek juga menarik untuk dikembangkan yaitu peptida antimikroba sintesis KR-12. Namun, peptida antimikroba memiliki keterbatasan dalam hal stabilitas. Liposom merupakan pembawa vesikular yang dapat digunakan sebagai pembawa untuk mengatasi keterbatasan peptida sintesis KR-12. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan formulasi dan karakterisasi liposom berbahan aktif antimikroba sintesis KR-12 dengan variasi waktu sonikasi dan hidrasi. Metode yang digunakan pada formulasi liposom yaitu metode hidrasi lapis tipis dengan pengecilan ukuran partikel menggunakan sonikator. Liposom KR-12 yang dihasilkan menunjukkan liposom dispersi berwarna putih susu, berbau khas lesitin dan tanpa endapan. Terdapat variasi formula yaitu F1 (8:2) (30 menit sonikasi, 100 menit hidrasi); F2 (8:2) (45 menit sonikasi, 120 menit hidrasi); F3 (9:1) (30 menit sonikasi, 100 menit hidrasi); F4 (9:1) (45 menit sonikasi, 120 menit hidrasi). Berdasarkan hasil didapatkan ukuran partikel berturut yaitu 311,3 nm; 300,0 nm; 298,8 nm; 254,2 nm. Nilai indeks polidispersitas sebesar 0,393; 0,457; 0,354; dan 0,294, serta zeta potensial sebesar -71,2 mv; -56,3 mv; -68,48; dan -53,9 mv. Waktu sonikasi dan hidrasi yang lebih lama menghasilkan ukuran partikel yang lebih kecil. Konsentrasi kolesterol yang lebih rendah menghasilkan ukuran partikel yang lebih kecil. Berdasarkan hasil analisis efisiensi enkapsulasi didapatkan hasil yaitu F4 88,76%; F3 97,75%; F2 96,09%; F1 99,37%. Waktu hidrasi mempengaruhi penjerapan KR-12, semakin lama waktu hidrasi, semakin tinggi penjerapan KR-12 pada liposom. Preparasi liposom KR-12 dengan metode hidrasi lapis tipis optimal pada waktu sonikasi 45 menit dan waktu hidrasi 120 menit
Exploring the frontal recess: Specimens, endoscopy, and CT perspectives
Authors: Chmielewski Piotr Paweł , Strzelec Bartłomiej , Mozdziak Paul Edward 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The frontal sinus, situated between the external and internal plates of the frontal bone, posterior to the brow ridges, is the most superior and complex structure within the paranasal sinuses. The frontal sinus outflow tract encompasses two parts: the frontal ostium superiorly and the frontal recess inferiorly, collectively forming the frontal sinus drainage pathway. The frontal recess represents the most anterosuperior portion of the ethmoid. Pneumatization of this area can extend from the agger nasi cell anteriorly to the ethmoidal bulla posteriorly. This recess is bounded by the orbital plate of the ethmoid laterally and the middle nasal concha (‘middle turbinate’) medially. The detailed understanding of frontal sinus anatomy is indispensable for medical professionals, including surgeons, otolaryngologists, rhinologists, and radio-logists. The frontal recess is clinically important, especially in the diagnosis and management of various medical conditions, particularly sinusitis. Surgeons often need to navigate this intricate area. Radiological imaging, such as computed tomography (CT) scans, is frequently employed to evaluate the frontal sinus and its drainage pathway, enabling clinicians to identify abnormalities such as tumors, polyps, or foreign bodies. In this study, we investigated the anatomical intricacies of the frontal recess using specimens, CT scans, and endoscopic imagery sourced from didactic and clinical settings.
Genetic dysfunctions leading to the pathogenic cascade of atopic dermatitis
Authors: Verschuren Jeya , Wozniak Slawomir 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a skin disorder caused by the dysfunction of a multitude of genetic components. This paper reviewed three main genetic factors leading to the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis including: the epidermal barrier, the body’s immune system, and the filaggrin protein.
Connectors as a Key to Efficient Storm Water Management System: An In-Situ Assessment of Residential Estates in Poland
Authors: Gama Marques Paulina 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Adaptation to climate change often aims to increase the ability of cities to retain water. In recent years, there has been a shift in the approach to managing storm water from traditional methods to nature-based methods, which view storm water as a valuable resource. This study conducted a systematic analysis of eleven contemporary housing estates that are commonly considered sustainable. The study aimed to identify the elements of rainwater management and determine whether these elements form a system. The research found that, in most cases, not all elements of a rainwater management system (RMS) were present. The housing estates in Gdańsk and Gdynia demonstrated some features of an RMS but were still incomplete due to missing elements such as channels and gaps in curbs that guide rainwater. The results suggest that the implementation of some elements of an RMS does not necessarily create a fully functional system. A fully effective RMS requires the integration of all necessary elements to allow water to flow between them.
Assessment of Design Principles in the Residential Buildings for Disabled Persons: A Case Study of Social Housing in Northern Cyprus
Authors: Al Hindwan Ibtihal Alwi , Erçin Çilen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
All human beings in the world; no matter their race, culture, origin and religion have a right to live and access different environments with ease and comfort ability. This includes disabled persons with any type from all types of disability. Hence, we need to ensure that all the buildings that we need to access in our daily lives are designed to accommodate all. One of the most significant buildings that people spend most of their time in and their comfort being most important are residential buildings. Therefore, it is essential to ensure that residential homes incorporate inclusive design principles to accommodate all individuals, particularly those with special needs. This research paper examines residential spaces’ design principles for disabled individuals in Northern Cyprus, focusing on Mağusa and Nicosia's social housing, to assess their suitability. The methodology combines qualitative and quantitative analyses. Qualitatively, it includes a literature review on design principles for disabled access and an overview of residential spaces. Quantitatively, it employs a structured questionnaire with three sections: demographics, accessibility, and housing features, using a 1–5 scale (1 being Very Poor, and 5 being Very Good). Approximately 160 questionnaires were distributed, with 147 used in the study. The findings reveal challenges with sidewalk accessibility and toilet design, indicating dissatisfaction with residential designs. Social housing in Famagusta and Nicosia also falls short of universal design standards for the disabled. Despite these issues, residents are relatively satisfied with the living room and kitchen spaces. Overall, the research concludes that Northern Cyprus residential designs inadequately address the special needs of disabled individuals, particularly regarding circulation spaces and overall quality.
Formation of the Architectural Space of Central Ukrainian Cities. The Example of Kropyvnytskyi (Yelisavetgrad)
Authors: Penyaz Tetyana , Sleptsov Oleg 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The article examines the architectural spatial development of cities in Central Ukraine under the influence of landscape conditions and changes in socio-cultural factors using the city of Kropyvnytsky (Elysavetgrad) as an example. The peculiarities of the historical development of the architectural and planning structure of the city, located on the border of Central Ukraine and the northern Black Sea region, are poorly studied due to its location in the agricultural steppe region of Ukraine.
The aim of the paper is to reveal the regularities and basic principles of the relationship between the architectural and spatial development of the city with natural and landscape conditions and changes in socio-cultural factors. The work is based on a complex application of general scientific and special research methods.
The transformations of the urban environment of the centre of Kropyvnytskyi (Elysavetgrad) at the end of the 20th century led to the distortion of the scale of the buildings and the loss of their significant elements. Comprehensive studies of the evolution of the urban structure and historic buildings in the city centre will help architects and urban planners to preserve the architectural and urban heritage in the modern urban space.
Reliable Tilt of Objects Subjected to Rectification and Located in Mining Areas
Authors: Gromysz Krzysztof 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Mining exploitation of hard coal is conducted in the Silesian region in Poland. As a result, the post-mining void is formed which leads to non-uniform lowering of the ground level. Consequently, thousands of buildings are vertically deflected. This type of deflection causes troublesome use of buildings, underestimates their value, and in extreme situations leads to exceeded limit states. Therefore, such buildings are rectified by non-uniform elevations by means of jacks. On the basis of the analysed rectification processes, the method of determining the deflection of a building and the height of elevating its corners were presented depending on the type of building. This paper is a review of methods of determining the deflection of buildings having different sizes: single-storey buildings, single-storey buildings with a usable attic, two-storey buildings, and 11-storey buildings. Moreover, specific situations were analysed, in which the elevation height was determined by a range of additional works performed during rectification. This review was used to develop guidelines for determining deflection values and specifying the height of non-uniform elevation of corners.