bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A modular framework for FAIR shallow landslide susceptibility mapping based on machine learning
Authors: Edrich Ann-Kathrin , Yildiz Anil , Roscher Ribana , Bast Alexander , Graf Frank , Kowalski Julia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Machine learning has grown in popularity in the past few years for susceptibility and hazard mapping tasks. Necessary steps for the generation of a susceptibility or hazard map are repeatedly implemented in new studies. We present a Random Forest classifier-based landslide susceptibility and hazard mapping framework to facilitate future mapping studies using machine learning. The framework, as a piece of software, follows the FAIR paradigm, and hence is set up as a transparent, reproducible and modularly extensible workflow. It contains pre-implemented steps from conceptualisation to map generation, such as the generation of input datasets. The framework can be applied to different areas of interest using different environmental features and is also flexible in terms of the desired scale and resolution of the final map. To demonstrate the functionality and validity of the framework, and to explore the challenges and limitations of Random Forest-based susceptibility and hazard mapping, we apply the framework to a test case. This test case conveys the influence of the training dataset on the generated susceptibility maps in terms of feature combination, influence of non-landslide instances and representativeness of the training data with respect to the area of interest. A comparison of the test case results with the literature shows that the framework works reliably. Furthermore, the results obtained in this study complement the findings of previous studies that demonstrate the sensitivity of the training process to the training data, particularly in terms of its representativeness.
Controlling metabolic stability of food microbiome for stable indigenous liquor fermentation
Authors: Santos Vitor Martins dos , Tan Yuwei , Zhu Yang , Wijffels René , Zhang Hongxia , Scott William , Xu Yan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Steering microbial metabolic stability in fermentation is a recurrent goal for developing sustainable and robust microbial food production systems. Indigenous liquor fermentation typically relies on complex microbiome metabolism that makes it difficult to steer fermentation towards consistent high-quality products. Here, we designed a three-step experiment to identify and understand instability factors and to steer fermentation stability accordingly. We found that the metabolic stability of the microbiome fluctuates due to a combination of community assembly responses to fermentation parameters, dynamic benefit allocation between yeasts and Lactobacilli, and functional redundancy of metabolic networks associated with biodiversity. Short-term metabolic stability needs stable allocation of microbial benefits, whereas long-term requires proper functional redundancy. Rationally setting initial parameters and the microbial inoculation ratio is a practical way to optimize metabolic stability for stable solid-state indigenous fermentation. Our study provides insights into the underlying interactions and shows the feasibility of enhancing metabolic functional stability by setting appropriate initial conditions in dynamic microbial ecosystems.
A nascent riboswitch helix orchestrates robust transcriptional regulation through signal integration
Authors: Walter Nils , Chauvier Adrien , Dandpat Shiba , Romero Rosa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Widespread manganese-sensing transcriptional riboswitches effect the dependable gene regulation needed for bacterial manganese homeostasis in changing environments. Riboswitches – like most structured RNAs – are believed to fold co-transcriptionally, subject to both ligand binding and transcription events; yet how these processes are orchestrated for robust regulation is poorly understood. Through a combination of single molecule and bulk approaches, we discovered how a single Mn2+ ion and the transcribing RNA polymerase (RNAP), paused immediately downstream by a DNA template sequence, are coordinated by the bridging switch helix P1.1 in the paradigmatic Lactococcus lactis riboswitch. This coordination achieves a heretofore-overlooked semi-docked global conformation of the nascent RNA, P1.1 base pair stabilization, transcription factor NusA ejection, and RNAP pause extension, thereby enforcing transcription readthrough. Our work demonstrates how a central, adaptable RNA helix functions analogous to a molecular fulcrum of a first-class lever system to integrate disparate signals for finely balanced gene expression control.
Modal Analysis and Frequency Matching Study of Subway Bogie Architecture under Environmental Excitation
Authors: Shen Longjiang , He Shizhong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

A wealth of practical cases indicates that the fatigue failure of subway bogies primarily stems from the modal resonance of the structure. If the modal characteristics of the entire vehicle, including equipment and bogies, are mismatched, rail vehicles may experience abnormal vibrations and noise. Therefore, it is imperative to conduct modal analysis and mistuning design for subway vehicle bogies to ensure smooth operation, reduce structural vibrations and noise, and enhance vehicle safety and ride comfort. Modal identification methods under the environmental excitations during vehicle operation were employed to identify the modal parameters of the bogie structure before and after wheel turning and under different load conditions. According to the test results, wheel turning has minimal impact on the modal parameters of the structure, but with an increase in load, the modal frequencies of each order generally increase. This is associated with boundary constraint states, such as the increased stiffness of the bogie air spring with an increase in vehicle load. By comparing the test results with simulation analysis results of the bogie structure under free and constrained states, it is evident that simulating realistic boundary constraint conditions is crucial to ensure the accuracy of the finite element model. Based on frequency isolation criteria and vibration isolation theory, a frequency planning basis for the bogie structure was established. The study found that as the vehicle load increases, changes in the boundary conditions of the bogie affecting the elastic modal frequencies of the structure may have a certain impact on mistuning design, and may even better comply with the requirements of frequency management formulas. This provides a new direction for subsequent scholars researching modal mistuning design.
Gd-Doped Ceria with Extraordinary Oxygen-Ion Conductivity for Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Vinchhi Prerna , Ray Abhijit , Mallik Kaushik , Pati Ranjan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Doped ceria has been extensively explored as an efficient electrolyte material for intermediate to low temperature solid oxide fuel cell. Among other ceria electrolytes, gadolinia doped ceria (GDC) is one of the most extensively studied electrolyte materials for low temperature SOFC applications. Here, co-precipitation method is employed to synthesize GDC composites with stoichiometric ratio of GdxCe1−xO2−δ (with 0\(\le\)x \(\le 0.\)20). In this process, the molecular water of the precursors has been utilized during the co-precipitation to avoid possible agglomeration caused by hydrogen bonding. The cubic phase formation was examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman profile ascribing absence of other phases. The granularity of the sample was observed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with elemental mapping by EDS. The electrochemical behavior was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), which was taken between the temperature ranges of 350–700°C. It is observed from the EIS study that ceria doped with 15 mol % Gd3+ (Gd0.15Ce0.85O2−δ) is having highest grain boundary ionic conductivity of about 0.104 S cm−1 at 700°C with an activation energy of 0.81 eV. This work demonstrates the correlation between oxygen vacancy generation and the enhancement of ionic conductivity with Gd3+ doping in ceria.
RETRACTED: Foliar Application of Ortho Silicic Acid (Silixol) Elicits Distinctive Physio- biochemical Responses in Sugarcane Under Water Deficit Stress
Authors: Hegde Vinay , Rathod Tarasingh , Chanumolu H G K , Gurumurthy S , Ghorade R B , Rane Jagadish 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Dynamic environment but no temperature change since the late Paleogene at Lühe Basin (Yunnan, China)
Authors: Witkowski Caitlyn , Lauretano Vittoria , Farnsworth Alexander , Li Shufeng , Li Shihi , Mayser Jan Peter , Naafs David , Spicer Robert , Su Tao , Tang He , Zhou Zhekun , Valdes Paul , Pancost Richard 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT; ~34 million years ago) marks a critical shift from a greenhouse to an icehouse climate. Whereas temperatures derived from marine records show a consensus ~ 4°C cooling worldwide, there is an emerging picture that the terrestrial realm experienced a heterogenous response to rapid climate change. Here, we reconstruct an 8-million-year terrestrial temperature record across the EOT at a tectonically unresolved location at the margins of the Tibetan Plateau, Lühe Basin (Yunnan, China). Our multi-proxy organic geochemistry approach, complemented by sedimentological interpretations, shows that Lühe Basin was a dynamic fluvial environment that maintained relatively stable average temperatures from ~ 35 − 27 million years ago. These palaeotemperatures match our model-based estimates, as well as palaeobotany-based estimates at a nearby site; these stable palaeotemperature trends differ from the global marine cooling, supporting a heterogenous response of terrestrial sections. Furthermore, these palaeotemperature estimates match present-day values at this location, suggesting that this area has not undergone significant temperature change – and possibly no significant uplift – since the late Paleogene.
Investigation on the width-to-depth ratio effect on turbulent flows in a sharp meandering channel with periodic boundaries using Large Eddy Simulations
Authors: Zhang Bingchang , Xu Dong , Ji Chunning , Ran Qihua 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
As one of the most common river patterns in nature, meandering river has very complex flow structures in its curved channel bends, including secondary flow structure and primary flow velocity redistributions. To date, most of the studies have been carried out on the complex flow structures of a single channel bend with unavoidable influence, while the turbulent flow structures in periodic sharp meandering channels require further investigations. In this paper, Large Eddy Simulations (LES) are employed to reveal the flow structures of periodic sharp sine-generated bends with different width-to-depth ratios and dimensionless curvature radiuses. The results highlight the determining effects of width-to-depth ratio on recirculation zone’s size, the recirculation zone’s size is generally larger in Sine-Generated-Curve (SGC) Channel with large width-to-depth ratio, its size reaches maximum between the zero-curvature section and the apex section. The IBC (Inner bank cell) only forms in a small-sinuosity SGC channel with a small width-to-depth ratio, for SGC channel with large width-to-depth ratio, only one circulation cell is observed near the inner bank. The turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) is mainly influenced by width-to-depth ratio and dimensionless curvature radius.
Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling provide insight into the role of sugars and hormones in leaf senescence of Pinellia ternata
Authors: Chen Jialei , Li Xiwen , Feng xue , Wang Jialu , Pei Yifei , Liu li , Liu ziyi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Pinellia ternata, an environmentally sensitive medicinal plant, undergoes leaf senescence twice a year, affecting its development and yield. However, the underlying mechanism of this phenomenon is still largely unexplored. In this study, a typical senescent population model was constructed, and an integrated analysis of transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles of P. ternatawas conducted using obviously different leaf senescence phenotypes in this model. The result showed that two key modules associated with leaf senescence based on weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) were key components for leaf senescence. Further analysis revealed that genes in these two modules were mainly enriched in sugar and hormone signaling pathways, respectively. A network of unigenes and metabolisms related to the obtained two pathways revealed that D-arabitol and 2MeScZR played key roles in leaf senescence. Additionally, a total of 130 hub genes were discovered in this network, and they were categorized into three classes based on connectivity. A total of 34 hub genes and 13 metabolites were further analyzed through a pathway map, the potential crosstalk between sugar and hormone metabolisms might be an underlying reason of leaf senescence inP. ternata. These findings address the knowledge gap regarding leaf senescence in P. ternata, providing candidate germplasms for molecular breeding and laying theoretical basis for the realization of finely regulated cultivation in future.
Health mediation does not reduce the readmission rate of frequent users of emergency departments living in precarious conditions: what lessons can be learned from this randomised controlled trial?
Authors: Rotily Michel , Persico Nicolas , Lamouroux Aurore , Rojas-Vergara Ana Cristina , Auquier Pascal , Apostolidis Themistoklis , Odena Sophie , Chischportich Celia , Loundou Anderson , Boucekine Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Severe overcrowding of emergency departments (EDs) affects the quality of healthcare. One factor of overcrowding is precariousness, but it has rarely been considered a key factor in designing interventions to improve ED care. Health mediation (HM) aims to facilitate access to rights, prevention, and care for the most vulnerable persons and to raise awareness among healthcare providers about obstacles in accessing healthcare. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether HM intervention for frequent users of EDs (FUED) living in precarious conditions could reduce the readmission rate at 90 days.
Methods: Between February 2019 and May 2022, we enrolled and interviewed 726 FUED in four EDs of southeastern France in this randomised controlled trial. The HM intervention started in the ED and lasted 90 days. The outcome was measured in the ED information systems. Statistical methods included an intention-to-treat analysis and a per-protocol analysis. Comparisons were adjusted for gender, age, ED, and health mediator.
Results: 46% of patients reported attending the ED because they felt their life was in danger, and 42% had been referred to the ED by the emergency medical dispatch centre or their GP; 40% of patients were considered to be in a serious condition by ED physicians. The proportion of patients who were readmitted at 90 days was high but did not differ between the control and the HM intervention groups (31.7% vs 36.3, p=0.23). There was no significant difference in any of the secondary outcome measures between the control and HM intervention groups. Per-protocol analysis also showed no significant difference for the primary and secondary endpoints.
Conclusions: Although health mediation seemed to be a promising solution at the end of our qualitative study, this randomised controlled trial did not show that it was effective in reducing the use of emergency services by FUED living in precarious conditions. Interventions should screen these patients and aim to accurately identify their social, psychosocial and medical needs, involve ED staff and train them on the issue of precariousness, with a view to long-term health empowerment.
Trial registration: registered on clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03660215 on 4th September 2018
Electronic monitoring versus manual paper-based monitoring for hand hygiene compliance: A comprehensive health economic assessment analysis
Authors: Cheng Xiaolin , Li Yan , Chen Nuo , He Wenbin , Peng Hanzhi , Chen Xiaoyan , Cheng Fan , Tan Yibin , Yu Lina , Wu Wenwen , Wang Ying , Feng Bilong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: Monitoring hand hygiene compliance (HHC) of healthcare providers (HCPs) in healthcare facilities is critical for hand hygiene (HH) promotion. However, less is known about the cost and effectiveness of different HHC monitoring tools. In this study, we aimed to compare various health economic indicators corresponding to electronic system-based monitoring (ESM) and manual paper-based monitoring (MPM) for HHC to provide evidence-based advice for HHC monitoring measures targeted selecting.
Methods: A before and after self-controlled prospective study in 40 clinical departments with 4,524 HCPs was conducted from December 2022 to January 2023 (MPM implementation phase) and March 2023 to May 2023 (ESM implementation phase). The cost-effectiveness, cost-efficiency, the extent of the Hawthorne effect, and indirect cost-benefit of the two monitoring methods were compared.
Results: Compared with ESM, every 1% increase in the HHC of MPM resulted in a 39,881.62 CNY reduction in cost. Acceptability of ESM was higher when the cost was 40,000 CNY or less. The cost-efficiency ratio of MPM in all departments (155,775.56 CNY) was higher than that of ESM (36,796.76 CNY). The Hawthorne effect of MPM of HHC in all departments (43.99%) was more pronounced than that of ESM (35.69%), with a statistically significant difference(p < 0.01).
Conclusions: ESM exhibited notable advantages over MPM in terms of cost-effectiveness, cost-efficiency, cost-benefit, and the Hawthorne effect.
Effectiveness of multiple teaching methods in standardized training of internal medicine residents in China: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Ye Guan Cheng , Liu Chun Ping , Li Wei , Zhu Hua Chao , Lv Liu , Zhu Zhen Hong , Wang Yong Hong , Hu Jie , Zheng Xiao Jia , Fang Jing Ying , Ma Yu Cao , Liu Ming Xuan , Wang Yi Wen , Gao Ying Kai , Zhang Zi Yu , Zhao Lu Ming , Xie Cun Xiang , Lim Min Yee , Wang Hai-Long 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
Standardized training for resident physicians in China has been carried out for 10 years, and various new teaching methods have been widely applied in it. The quality of internal medicine teaching is directly related to whether the trainees can master the corresponding clinical skills well and become qualified clinical physicians. The purpose of this study is to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of all teaching methods in Chinese standardized training of internal medicine residents.
Methods
This study was registered in Inplasy. A comprehensive search of databases, including English and Chinese, was conducted from inception to 30 July 2023. Eligible studies included cohort study and randomized controlled trials (RCT) of all teaching methods in Chinese standardized training of internal medicine residents. A network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed using STATA 16.0. Statistical analysis was done using the mean and standard deviation. The literature quality and risks of bias was assessed using RevMan 5.3.
Results
A total of 74 articles including 5004 Chinese participants were retrieved, involving 13 interventions, of which 65 were RCT and 9 were cohort studies. This study found that the problem-based learning(PBL) + Wechat may be the best choice for improving students' academic performance, practical performance and reducing the number of dissatisfied individuals. The case-based learning(CBL) + Wechat has the most advantages in improving students' theoretical performance and reducing the number of dissatisfied individuals. The PBL + CBL may better improve students' self-learning ability and reduce the number of dissatisfied individuals.
Conclusion
New teaching methods represented by PBL + Wechat, CBL + Wechat, PBL + CBL are more effective in improving the academic performance of Chinese resident physicians in standardized training compared to control therapy, and have gained more recognition from students.
Examining Provider Practice-Level Disparities in Delivery Outcomes Among Patients with a History of Cesarean Delivery
Authors: McCarthy Lily , Tavella Nicola , Wetzler Sara , Ardente Lily , Chadwick Molly , Paul Dexter , Sabet Nikki , Stern Toni , Bianco Angela 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Choosing whether to pursue a trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) or elective repeat cesarean delivery (ERCD) requires prenatal assessment of risks and benefits. Providers play a central role in this process. However, the influence of provider-associated characteristics on delivery methods remains unclear. In this study we hoped to evaluate the impact of provider practice-level differences on delivery choice and outcome in a cohort of patients with prior cesarean delivery (CD).
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of deliveries between April 29, 2015 – April 29, 2020. Subjects were divided into three cohorts: ERCD, successful VBAC, and unsuccessful VBAC (patients who opted for TOLAC but delivered by CD). Disparities were reviewed between different obstetric provider practices, examining proportional differences through Chi-squared tests and logistic regression models. The delivering provider practice was determined from a breakdown of different providers delivering at the study site during the study period.
Results
1,765 deliveries were included in the study. There were significant proportional disparities between patients in the different delivery groups. Specifically, patients with a provider in a midwifery practice were significantly more likely to undergo successful VBAC, while patients seeing a private obstetrician were more likely to deliver by ERCD (p < 0.001). In our multivariate analysis of successful VBAC versus unsuccessful VBAC, patients delivered by the Refuah (16.62; 95%CI: 2.54, 30.61) and midwife (14.12; 95% CI: 2.83, 25.71) practices had greater odds ratios of VBAC compared to the private obstetrician group. In our multivariate analysis of unsuccessful VBAC versus ERCD, patients delivered by the Refuah (29.92; 95% CI: 9.92, 70.34) and house staff (2.35; 95% CI: 1.40, 4.00) practices had greater odds ratios of unsuccessful VBAC compared to the private obstetrician group.
Conclusion
This study suggests that provider practice-level differences may be one factor influencing CD rates. These data also illuminate under-researched areas in which culture influences maternal and neonatal delivery outcomes. These findings help to guide future investigations to improve outcomes among patients with a history of CD.
Trial Registration
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Program for the Protection of Human Subjects, STUDY ID 20–00633, Approved 6/17/2020
Metaverse in Dynamic Viral-shedding Surveillance for Emerging Infectious Disease: A Digital Twin Approach to COVID-19 Epidemic
Authors: Chen Hsiu Hsi , Lin Ting-Yu , Yen Ming-Fang , Chen Li-Sheng , Hsu Chen-Yang , Yeh Yen-Po 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Metaverse in effective surveillance of outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases such as COVID-19 opens a new avenue for precision and efficient contact tracing, quarantine, and isolation. We adopted a digital twin model to generate digital threads for tracing and tracking virtual data on the cycle threshold (Ct) values of the repeated RT-PCR with parameters learned from real-world (physical) data fitted with Markov machine learning algorithms. Such a digital twin method is demonstrated with COVID-19 community-acquired outbreaks of the Alpha and Omicron Variants of Concern (VOCs) in Taiwan. The personalized dynamics of Ct-defined transitions were derived from the digital threads of the two community-acquired outbreaks to guide precision contact tracing, quarantine, and isolation of both Alpha and Omicron VOCs outbreaks. Metaverse surveillance with such a Ct-guided digital twin model is supposed to be useful for timely containing the spread of emerging infectious diseases in the future.