bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geospatial Techniques for Sustainable Transportation Planning: Insights from Remote Sensing Applications in Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Gundala Vijayakumar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Transportation planning plays a pivotal role in fostering economic growth while ensuring sustainable development. This study explores the application of geospatial techniques, integrating remote sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), to analyze and enhance transportation systems in Andhra Pradesh, India. High-resolution satellite imagery and GIS-based spatial analysis were employed to assess road network density, connectivity, and accessibility across urban and rural regions. The study utilized multi-temporal satellite data to identify critical areas requiring infrastructure improvement, highlighting disparities in connectivity and environmental impacts. Results indicate significant gaps in transportation access, particularly in rural areas, and emphasize the need for strategic expansion of road networks to support regional development. The analysis also identified key hotspots for congestion in urban areas such as Vijayawada and Visakhapatnam, which could benefit from optimized traffic flow patterns and alternate routes. Furthermore, the study demonstrated the potential of remote sensing in monitoring the environmental implications of transportation expansion, such as land-use changes and emissions hotspots. The findings underline the efficacy of integrating geospatial techniques for sustainable transportation planning, aiding policymakers in prioritizing infrastructure investments. This approach ensures equitable connectivity, reduces environmental degradation, and aligns with the sustainable development goals (SDGs). The study concludes with actionable recommendations for leveraging RS and GIS technologies to enhance transportation networks in Andhra Pradesh, fostering a balanced and inclusive growth trajectory.
Proposed Visual Explainable model in Melanoma Detection and Risk Prediction using Modified ResNet50
Authors: Verma Sarvachan , Kumar Ajitesh , Kumar Manoj 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study proposed an enhanced visual explainable model for melanoma detection and risk prediction. We utilized the HAM10000 dataset, applying pre-processing techniques to improve image quality. Feature extraction and segmentation were performed using a U-Net model-based Dual Stream CNN-Transformer technique. Feature selection was optimized using the Henry Gas Solubility Optimization (HGSO) algorithm and the Water Strider Algorithm (WSA). A Deep Learning Model (DLM), specifically the Optimal Multi-Attention Fusion (MAF) ConvNeXt, was trained for melanoma detection. For disease severity prediction, we introduced a Modified ResNet-50 model combined with the Explainable AI technique Grad-CAM, providing visual explanations for the model's predictions. Experimental results demonstrate a robust classification performance with an AUC of 0.997, recall of 99%, and precision of 99.5%. This study aims to diagnose an accurate, efficient, melanoma and risk assessment. The Algorithm source code can be accessed at https://github.com/SarvachanVerma/Visual-Explanible-code-for-Melanoma_Matlab
Genomic comparison of GABA-producing Levilactobacillus brevis and Companilactobacillus zhachilii strains from Thai fermented foods
Authors: Pakdeeto Amnat , Phuengjayaem Sukanya , Kingkaew Engkarat , Tungkajiwangkoon Santhita , Phitchayaphon Chantharat , Tanasupawat Somboon 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Two lactic acid bacteria strains, ASK-1 and ANB-1, capable of producing GABA, were isolated from traditional Thai fermented pork sausage (sai-krog-prieo) and fermented pork (nham), respectively. Strains ASK-1 and ANB-1 produced 9.12 ± 0.51 g/L and 12.73 ± 0.57 g/L of GABA, respectively, from 30 g/L of monosodium glutamate after 72 hours of cultivation at 30°C. Genome analysis revealed that strain ASK-1 (genome size: 2,343,673 bp) was identified as Levilactobacillus brevis ATCC 367, with an average nucleotide identity by BLAST (ANIb) value of 98.86%. Strain ANB-1 (genome size: 2,748,085 bp) had an ANIb value of 96.92% with Companilactobacillus zhachilii HBUAS52074T. Further genomic studies of strains ASK-1, ANB-1, and HBUAS52074T identified the presence of GABA-producing genes (gadA and gadB) using the KofamKOALA-KEGG Orthology database. Phenotypic characterization and 16S rRNA gene sequencing further supported these findings. Strain ASK-1 (1,566 bp) exhibited 100% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to L. brevis ATCC 14687T, confirming its identification as L. brevis. Similarly, strain ANB-1 (1,567 bp) showed 99.93% similarity to HBUAS52074T, confirming its identification as C. zhachilii. These strains demonstrated efficiency and safety in GABA production, making them promising candidates for further studies to optimize GABA yield and assess their probiotic properties. They hold significant potential for the development of functional foods and the enhancement of food fermentation processes in both local and industrial contexts.
Photon-Number Conserved Universal Quantum Logic Employing Continuous-Time Quantum Walk on Dual-Rail Qubit Arrays
Authors: Deng Xiu-Hao , Guan Hao-Yu , Li Yifei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

We demonstrate a synergy between dual-rail qubit encoding and continuous-time quantum walks (CTQW) to realize universal quantum logic in superconducting circuits. Utilizing the photon-number-conserving dynamics of CTQW on dual-rail transmons, which systematically transform leakage and relaxation into erasure events, our architecture facilitates the suppression of population leakage and the implementation of high-fidelity quantum gates. We construct single-, two-, and three-qubit operations that preserve dual-rail encoding, facilitated by tunable coupler strengths compatible with current superconducting qubit platforms. Numerical simulations confirm robust behavior against dephasing, relaxation, and imperfections in coupling, underscoring the erasure-friendly nature of the system. This hardware-efficient scheme thus provides a practical pathway to early fault-tolerant quantum computation, laying the groundwork for scalable gate implementations and advanced error-correction strategies.
Correlates of Personnel Police Officers’ Commitment in Taiwan: A Comparison of Job Commitment and Organizational Commitment
Authors: Wang Xinting , Lin Chia-Hung 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Meta-analyses conducted over time have consistently revealed that high levels of commitment are significantly related to work productivity, innovation, employee retention, and the recruitment of high-quality employees. However, commitment research on policing is understudied. Thus, the current study aims to analyze the correlates of job and organizational commitments among personnel police officers in Taiwan, along with the difference in the antecedents between the two types of commitment. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analyses of a sample of 480 Taiwan personnel police officers indicated that job commitment and organizational commitment have similar predictors. More specifically, both workplace fairness and the nature of the personnel police job are positively related to commitments. Implications for future research are discussed in the end.
From Classroom to Operating Room: What Attracts Medical Students to Ophthalmology
Authors: Khathami MBBS Abdulmajeed Al , Alharthi Nada , Alzahrani Raghad Mutir , Alolyani Abdullah Nasir , Alshehri Salem Ahmed Salem , Alghamdi Khalid Ali M , Alharthi Shahad Mansour , Ghamdi Ali Hendi Al 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The choice of specialty is a pivotal decision for medical students, shaping their professional identities and career trajectories. Ophthalmology, a field combining surgical precision with the preservation of vision, often receives limited exposure in medical curricula. This study aims to explore factors influencing medical students' interest in ophthalmology at Al-Baha University College of Medicine, Saudi Arabia, amid increasing demand for ophthalmologists due to Vision 2030 healthcare reforms.
Methods
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 299 medical students from the second to the internship year during the 2024–2025 academic year. Stratified random sampling ensured representative distribution. Data were collected using a validated, web-based, self-administered questionnaire addressing demographics, specialty preferences, motivations, and exposure to ophthalmology. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to analyze data, with p < 0.05 considered significant.
Results
Interest in ophthalmology was expressed by 57.2% of students. Younger students (< 21 years, 66.2%) and early decision-makers (before medical school, 70.9%) showed higher preference rates (p < 0.05). Influential factors included personal interest (66.7%), perceived income potential (59.1%), and procedural opportunities (57.9%), while barriers included limited exposure (33.3% had no exposure) and perceived difficulty of residency (36.8%). Logistic regression identified academic level and timing of career decision-making as significant predictors. Gender, marital status, and GPA were not significant.
Conclusion
Enhanced integration of ophthalmology into medical curricula and targeted interventions to address misconceptions are essential. Increasing awareness of medical students about the huge demand for ophthalmologists in medical practice and facilitating postgraduate study acceptance will significantly influence their decision to choose ophthalmology as a future career. These strategies can promote informed decision-making and align medical education with Saudi Arabia’s growing need for specialized ophthalmologists.
Blockchain-based IoT Secure Energy-Efficient Collaborative Neighbor Discovery Protocol
Authors: Ye Dan , Chen Kwang-Cheng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This paper proposes an Energy-efficient Secured Distributed Collaborative Neighbor Discovery protocol for IoT mobile sensing applications to enhance on IoT capabilities and efficiencies. Maximum throughput access control model with ultra-low-power constraints is proposed for blockchain-based IoT framework. Simulation result demonstrates the proposed protocol can achieve better discovery performance with minimum discovery latency and maximum duty cycle. Analysis of the comparison results present best choice of primes and duty cycle in the designed low-complexity algorithm.
Ecology, floristic-vegetational features and future perspectives of spruce forests affected by Ips typographus: insights from the Southern Alps
Authors: Giupponi Luca , Panza Riccardo , Pedrali Davide , Sala Stefano , Giorgi Annamaria 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

In recent years, many spruce (Picea abies) forests have been severely affected by bark beetle (Ips typographus) outbreaks in the Southern Alps, but their ecological impacts remain poorly studied. This research analyzed the distribution, ecological, and floristic-vegetational characteristics of forests recently affected by the bark beetle in the upper basin of the Oglio River (Northern Italy) and developed a MaxEnt model to predict severe insect attacks in the coming decades. The results showed that the spruce forests affected by the bark beetle are located exclusively in the sub-mountain and mountain belts (below 1,600 m a.s.l.) and that 85% of them are found in areas with high annual solar radiation (> 3,500 MJ m−²). The predictive model for areas susceptible to severe bark beetle attacks proved highly accurate (AUC = 0.91) and was primarily defined by the mean temperature of the dry winter quarter (contribution: 80.1%), with values between − 2.5 and 2.5°C being particularly suitable for the pest. According to the model, more than 58% of the current spruce forests in the study area will exhibit high susceptibility (probability > 0.7) to severe bark beetle attacks by 2080. The floristic-vegetational and ecological analysis of plant communities of 11 bark beetle-affected areas indicated that more thermophilic and significantly different forest communities (in both floristic and physiognomic terms) are expected to develop compared to those of pre-disturbance. Furthermore, the high coverage/density of spruce snags appears to accelerate plant succession, enabling the establishment of mature forest communities in a shorter time frame.
B4GALT3 as a Key Glycosyltransferase Gene in Multiple Myeloma Progression: Insights from Bioinformatics, Machine Learning, and Experimental Validation
Authors: Yang Apeng , Ke Mengying , Feng Lin , Yang Ye , Chen Junmin , Zeng Zhiyong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Glycosylation abnormalities are critical in the progression of various cancers. However, their role in the onset and prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM) remains underexplored. This study aims to identify glycosyltransferase (GT)-related biomarkers and investigate their underlying mechanisms in MM.
Methods:
GT-related genes were extracted from the MMRF-CoMMpass and GSE57317 datasets. Potential biomarkers were identified using Cox regression and Lasso analyses. A Glycosyltransferase-Related Prognostic Model (GTPM) was developed by evaluating 113 machine learning algorithm combinations. The expression of B4GALT3, a key gene identified through this model, was analyzed in MM bone marrow samples using immunohistochemistry, quantitative PCR, and western blotting. Functional roles of B4GALT3 in MM cell behavior were assessed through knockdown experiments, and its mechanism of action was investigated.
Results:
The GTPM stratified MM patients into high- and low-risk groups, with significantly better survival in the low-risk group (HR = 55.94, 95% CI = 40.48–77.31, p \(&#x003C;\) 0.001). The model achieved AUC values of 0.98 and 0.99 for 1-year and 3-year overall survival, outperforming existing gene signatures (including EMC92, UAMS70, and UAMS17). B4GALT3 expression was significantly elevated in advanced MM stages (p $<$ 0.001) and correlated with poorer survival. Knockdown of B4GALT3 reduced MM cell proliferation, invasion , and increased apoptosis. Mechanistic analyses revealed that B4GALT3 modulates MM cell behavior via the Wnt/ \(\beta\) -catenin/GRP78 pathway, primarily by regulating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.
Conclusions:
This study developed a novel GTPM for predicting survival in MM and identified B4GALT3 as a key gene influencing disease progression. Experimental evidence highlights B4GALT3's role in modulating ER stress and Wnt/\(\beta\)-catenin pathways, positioning it as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in MM.
Association between body roundness index and rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES
Authors: Jiang Zong , Cai Xin , Yao Xiaoling , Lan Weiya , Liu Jia , Tang Fang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The Body Roundness Index (BRI) has been identified as a potentially superior measure of body fat distribution such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). However, its relationship with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has yet to be thoroughly investigated. This study examines the association between BRI and RA risk using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Methods
The analysis included 28,559 adults, excluding those with missing values for BRI or RA status. BRI was calculated using height and WC measurements, while RA was self-reported by participants. Multivariate logistic regression was utilized to assess the relationship between BRI and RA, while controlling for sociodemographic variables and pertinent comorbid conditions. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curve (AUC) were employed to assess the predictive accuracy of BRI, BMI, and WC concerning RA.
Results
An elevated BRI demonstrated a notable correlation with a heightened risk of RA. With each unit increase in BRI, there was a corresponding 10% increase in the likelihood of RA after complete adjustment (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.08–1.12, P < 0.001). A clear dose-response relationship was identified among the BRI quartiles, where individuals in the highest quartile exhibited a 76% increased risk (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.50–2.07, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis indicated a more pronounced association among participants exhibiting hyperlipidemia (P for interaction = 0.012). Threshold analysis revealed a BRI value of 4.61 as the critical inflection point, beyond which each unit increase correlated with a 12% elevated risk of RA (OR: 1.12, P < 0.001). ROC analysis revealed that BRI exhibited the highest AUC of 0.637 in predicting RA risk, surpassing WC at 0.622 and BMI at 0.594.
Conclusions
BRI serves as a strong indicator of RA risk, demonstrating enhanced predictive accuracy when contrasted with conventional metrics like BMI and WC. The results indicate that BRI may function as a valuable instrument for assessing the risk of RA, especially in those exhibiting hyperlipidemia.
Bioremediation of Petroleum Contaminated Water Using Oil Spill Dispersant and Lemna minor in Laboratory Scale of Constructed Wetland
Authors: Fitrisyaah Muhammad Ridho , Fauzi Anas Miftah , Yani Moh. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Petroleum pollution due to industrial activities is a significant environmental problem, especially when polluting water resources. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using oil spill dispersant (OSD), constructed wetlands, and phytoremediation using Lemna minor in improving the quality of petroleum-polluted water. The experiment was conducted using a group randomized design with a combination treatment of petroleum-based commercial OSD (Non-Bio-OSD) and environmentally friendly palm oil-based OSD (Bio-OSD) in a laboratory-scale constructed wetland system. The results showed that Bio-OSD significantly reduced COD and BOD₅ levels to meet water quality standards. The highest COD reduction efficiency of 39.78% was achieved when Bio-OSD DOR 0.1:1 treatment was implemented. Under this treatment, BOD reduction efficiency was 27.60%. GC-MS analysis showed the degradation of long-chain hydrocarbons such as n-hexadecane and nonadecane. The highest COD Reduction efficiency by Non-Bio-OSD was 27.17% with DOR 0.25:1. This result showed that Bio-OSD performed better in reducing COD than Non-Bio-OSD. The weight of Lemna minor biomass decreased slightly during the process, indicating that OSD is toxic to the plant. Regardless of the successful construction of wetlands in reducing COD and BOD5, it is recommended that the growth condition of the aquatic plant be improved for a sustainable phytoremediation process.
Transformer monitoring system and its testing
Authors: korobeynikov Sergey , Dvortcevoi Alexander , Yakovina Irina , Borush Olesya , Shevchenko Vladimir 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study presents a transformer monitoring system designed for remote measurement of dissolved combustible gases, particularly hydrogen, as well as partial discharges (PD) and oil moisture content. The system was implemented on a 110 kV transformer in late December 2023. The behavior of oil moisture was analyzed, and based on the intensity of PD and the increase in combustible gas concentrations, an unscheduled chromatographic analysis was conducted. This analysis led to the decision to disconnect the transformer. Subsequent internal inspection revealed a defect in the input conductor of one of the phases.
Deciphering Soil Microbial Dynamics in Pennsylvania Grasslands with Goldenrods (Solidago sp)
Authors: Kelleher Lily A. , Anderson Zachary , Stratford Jeffrey A. , Fortunato Caroline S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Grasslands are important centers of biodiversity, however these ecosystems have been in decline. Although many methods for grassland restoration have been developed, the abundant microbial communities in these regions are understudied and could be used to assist in these efforts. In this study, we aimed to understand how microbial communities varied by soil type, grassland site, and environmental conditions. Samples were taken from rhizosphere soil, proximal soil (close to the plant roots) and from bulk cores at Ricketts Glen State Park and Nescopeck State Park in Northeastern Pennsylvania during June and August of 2021 and 2022. Rhizosphere soil samples were taken from the common grassland plant, Solidago rugosa. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that pH as well as soil type (bulk, proximal, or rhizosphere) significantly influenced the microbial community composition and taxonomic composition of each soil. Each soil type had its own distinct microbial communities, and proximal soil was identified as a transition zone between rhizosphere and bulk microbial communities. We also observed that the rhizosphere communities are dependent upon geography, as these communities were significantly different between grasslands even though the plant species remained the same. Our results highlight the complex nature of soil microbial communities and how many factors, including pH, soil type, and geography, are able to layer together and impact microbial community composition. Results showcase potential avenues for conservation and rehabilitation of diminished grassland regions through modification and regulation of specific soil microbial communities.
Characteristics and Satisfaction with Services of Patients Attending A Geriatric Psychiatry Clinic in Southern India
Authors: Ninan Sheeba , Kilikkotte Fathima Hanan , Kollamkandipalliyali Aswin , Kumar Sudhir 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Specialist services like geriatric psychiatric clinics aim to provide a multidisciplinary and person-centred approach. There is not enough information available about the number and type of such clinics in India. In this descriptive paper, we aim to detail the services provided and the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients who have attended the geriatric psychiatry outpatient clinic at the Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Kerala, in Southern India. A specific data sheet was used to transfer the sociodemographic and clinical details of patients who attended the weekly Geriatric Psychiatry Outpatient clinic. The clinic uses a comprehensive proforma and assessment tool as appropriate. The Short Assessment of Patient Satisfaction Scale was used to assess the satisfaction with the services. Between August 2023 and March 2024, eighty patients attended the Geriatric Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic. Men and women were equal in numbers (40, 50%). The mean age of the attendees was 68.91 (sd=6.87). Sixty-four (80%) patients had comorbid medical disorders. The most common psychiatric diagnosis was dementia and adjustment disorder (14; 17.5%). Eight (10%) patients each had depression and anxiety disorders. Regarding treatment, 48 (60%) were prescribed psychotropic medications: 21 were (26.3%) on antipsychotics, 37 (46.3%) were on antidepressants, and 14 (17.5%) were on benzodiazepines. Most of the patients were ‘very satisfied’ with the service, 47 (58.8%) scoring 27 or 28 on SAPS, where the maximum score is 28. The multidisciplinary team in this clinic brings a blend of skills to provide a comprehensive approach to treatment, care, and rehabilitation.