bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near-single-photon atto-watt detection at mid-infrared wavelengths by a room-temperature balanced heterodyne set-up
Authors: Palaferri Daniele , Mancini Lorenzo , Vecchi Chiara , Daga Leonardo , Ulpiani Pierfrancesco , Proietti Massimiliano , Liorni Carlo , Dispenza Massimiliano , Cappelli Francesco , De Natale Paolo , Borri Simone 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Single photon detection is the underpinning technology for quantum communication and quantum sensing applications. At visible and near-infrared wavelengths, single-photon-detectors (SPDs) underwent a significant development in the past two decades, with the commercialization of SPADs and superconducting detectors. At longer wavelengths, in the mid-infrared range (4-11µm), given the reduced scattering and favourable transparent atmospheric windows, there is an interest in developing quantum earth-satellites-links and quantum imaging for noisy environments or large-distance telescopes. Still, SPD-level mid-infrared devices have been rarely reported in the state-of-the-art (superconductors, single-electron-transistors or avalanche-photodiodes) and, crucially, all operating at cryogenic temperatures. Here, we demonstrate a room-temperature detection system operating at 4.6µm-wavelength with a sensitivity-level of atto-watt optical power, corresponding to few tens of mid-infrared photons. This result was obtained by exploiting a pair of commercially available photodetectors within two balanced-heterodyne-detection setups: one involving a quantum-cascade-laser (QCL) and an acousto-optic-modulator (AOM) and the other one including two QCLs with mutual coherence ensured by a phase-lock-loop (PLL). Our work not only validates a viable method to detect ultra-low-intensity signals, but is also potentially scalable to the entire wavelength range already accessible by mature QCL technology, unfolding - for the first time - quantum applications at mid- and long-wave-infrared-radiation.
Characteristics and dynamics of microbial communities in Dermatophagoides farinae: Insights Across Developmental Stages
Authors: Fan Zhewei , Hong Yujie , Zhou Shuya , Zhang Huijie , Zhuo Mo , Yang Xinyan , Yang Yawen , Ling Min , Wang Ziyan , Yang Feng , Tao Xianglin , Sun Entao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Dermatophagoides farinae causes human allergic diseases and contains a large number of microbes. The structure of the microbial community is an essential prerequisite for understanding the intricate symbiotic relationships between microbes and hosts. The characteristics and dynamics of symbiotic microbes at different developmental stages of D. farinae, however, are not well understood.
Methods
We performed high-throughput amplicon sequencing to investigate microbial community in D. farinae at different developmental stages.
Results
The results showed that microbial communities were diverse and dynamic during D. farinae development. Bacterial communities were generally richer than fungi in each developmental stage. The species richness and diversity of the bacterial community declined significantly from immature stages to adults. The highest species richness of the fungal community existed in nymphs. Eggs had the lowest fungal diversity. At 97% similarity, we assigned 40 phyla and 616 genera of bacteria and annotated 11 fungal phyla composed of 276 genera. The dominant bacterial and fungal phyla in all stages were Proteobacteria and Ascomycota, respectively. Staphylococcus was more abundant in eggs than in other stages, Bordetella, Pseudomonas, and Stenotrophomonas were dominant in both larvae and nymphs, and Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia and Ralstonia were abundant in adults. Vibrionimonas was dominant in both eggs and adults. Aspergillus was the dominant fungal genus at all stages. Xeromyces was abundant in eggs, and Penicillium and Sarocladium were abundant in other stages. Correlation analysis showed the existence of strong and complex correlations in the dominant microbial genera, and most of these correlations were positive. The functional analysis showed that microbes participate in various life activities in D. farinae. Bacteria tend to have a higher functional abundance than fungi, such as substance metabolism. The functions of bacteria gradually enriched in adults. We observed similar fungal functional abundance in all stages.
Conclusion
this study has enriched our knowledge of the microbial communities associated with D. farinae and has provided clues for discovering microbes that play important functions in D. farinae.
Can early weaning in the previous lactation of beef cows affect the metabolism and postnatal development of female offspring?
Authors: Nishimura Thiago Kan , Carlis Matheus Sousa de Paula , Matos Ana Clara Degan , Feltrin Isabella Rio , Goulart Rodrigo Silva , Zamudio Germán Darío Ramírez , Silva Saulo Luz , Netto Arlindo Saran , Leme Paulo Roberto , Pugliesi Guilherme 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

We aimed to compare the effects of early (EW; 150 days) or conventional (CW; 240 days) weaning during early pregnancy on the postnatal metabolism, development, and productive performance of female calves born from secondiparous (SEC) and multiparous (MULT) cows. Fifty-five Nelore female calves were used: 25 from EW cows (10 SEC, 15 MULT) and 30 from CW cows (15 SEC, 15 MULT). From 90 to 150 days, the female calves received creep-feed (5g/kg of body weight [BW]). After weaning, female calves were maintained on pastures and received 10 g/kg of BW supplement until 16 months (mo). From 12 to 16 mo, heifers were evaluated every 28 ± 3 days for BW, body condition score (BCS), and average daily gain (ADG), calculated from weight measurements. Carcass traits (ribeye area [REA], backfat thickness [BFT], and rump fat thickness [RFT]) were assessed by ultrasound, and blood samples were collected for serum concentration of IGF-I, leptin, and plasma glucose. At 5 and 14 mo, a subgroup of 22 heifers (n = 10 for EW and 12 for CW) was selected for liver biopsy to evaluate the gene expression of IGF-I, IGFBP, and GHR. No interactions were observed between dam parity, weaning strategy, or time for BW, BCS, ADG, REA, serum concentration for IGF-I, leptin, and plasma concentration for glucose (P > 0.1). A significant time effect (P < 0.05) indicated increased BW, BCS, LMA, BFT, and RTF over time. Heifers from MULT cows were 2.67 kg heavier from 13 to 15 mo than heifers from SEC cows (P = 0.04). Dam parity affected BCS (P = 0.01); heifers from MULT cows had greater BCS than SEC group. For carcass traits, a dam parity by weaning interaction (P = 0.04) in RTF indicated that EW-SEC heifers presented a lower fat deposition than EW-MULT and CW heifers. IGF-I gene expression was 1.4-fold greater (P = 0.01) at 5 mo than at 14 mo. For IGFBP gene expression, a dam parity × time interaction was observed (P = 0.05), with heifers from MULT cows showing a 1.8-fold greater expression at 14 mo than at 5 mo. In conclusion, the early weaning applied to dams in the previous lactation did not affect the subsequent offspring's productive performance or metabolic parameters, except for a reduction in rump fat deposition in heifers from SEC cows that were early weaned.
Networks and Epidemics: Designing network-based intervention strategies from edge-based infection probability
Authors: Halász Veronika , Rocklöv Joacim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Epidemics underscore the critical role of human contact networks in shaping the spread of infectious diseases. The transmission varies depending on a range of factors, including the virus characteristics, the type and duration of contact, and whether it occurs indoor or outdoor. However, not only does the probability of transmission differ, but the impact of each transmission event depends on the ability of a single transmission event to transmit the virus to new, previously unaffected, socially segmented groups in society. Effective policy-making should be guided by a nuanced understanding of how infections spread , ensuring that interventions are proportional to the risk they aim to address. In this study, we performed a number of theoretical experiments on generated networks that are structurally similar to real social contact networks. We simulated a fictitious epidemic on different sample graphs and with different contact restrictions, and then compared the trajectories. Based on the observed differences, we identified the contact types whose restriction can have effect in curbing the epidemic. We find that it is particularly worth focusing on the relationships that form a bridge between clusters or communities. By doing so, public health efforts can more successfully balance the dual goals of minimizing transmission and maintaining social and economic stability.
Research on Tugboat Scheduling Optimization Model Considering the Reliability of Tugboat Matching Scheme
Authors: Ren Yangjun , Li Mengchi , Lei Yushun , Zhou Yan , Liu Di , Tu Jianjun , Li Botang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The selection and scheduling of tugboat matching schemes are key tasks in tugboat assistance operation management. With large ships requiring more tugboat assistance, a two-stage multi-criteria decision-making method is proposed. This includes a normal distribution-based multi-attribute group decision-making method with triangular fuzzy numbers to determine tugboat matching scheme reliability. A tugboat scheduling planning model for multiple berthing bases is then established, targeting the minimization of total fuel cost and total matching scheme reliability. This bi-objective problem is solved using the posteriori method, with actual data from Nansha Port validating the proposed method. Meanwhile, a priority-based encoding Memetic algorithm is designed to address the characteristics of the problem, and the solution results for 25 test cases generated from the actual data range of the Guangzhou Port are compared and analyzed using CPLEX, genetic algorithms, and simulated annealing algorithms. The results verify the feasibility of the proposed priority-based encoding Memetic algorithm. The enhanced multi-attribute group decision-making method helps decision-makers quickly select suitable matching schemes and optimize tugboat scheduling, demonstrating effective reliability evaluation and planning optimization.
Clinical Analysis of 10 Cases of Rituximab Treatment for Refractory Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Gastrointestinal Involvement
Authors: Liu Ying , Zhang Na , Mi LangYu , Liu Yang , Xu Ke 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of rituximab (RTX) treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with intestinal involvement by comparing the clinical manifestations, immune indicators, and imaging changes before and after treatment, and to assess its effect on alleviating intestinal damage.Methods The efficacy and adverse reactions of RTX treatment in 10 SLE patients with intestinal involvement, who were hospitalized in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology at Shanxi Bethune Hospital from January 2015 to January 2024, were analyzed.Results Among the 10 patients, the total disease duration of SLE was 6.2 ± 9.2 years, and the duration of intestinal involvement after SLE diagnosis was 79.2 ± 47.6 months. The time from the onset of intestinal symptoms to the confirmed diagnosis of SLE intestinal involvement was 1.7 (1.0, 7.0) months, and the time from diagnosis of intestinal involvement to the initiation of RTX treatment was 14.1 (1.0, 53.3) months. The follow-up period after RTX treatment was 54.1 ± 27.4 months.The baseline SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) for the 10 patients was 21.5 ± 8.08.After receiving RTX (0.5 g on day 1 and day 14) induction therapy, all 10 patients showed complete resolution of intestinal symptoms, significant improvement in clinical symptoms, reduced or disappeared abdominal pain, alleviation or disappearance of gastrointestinal wall thickening and edema, and relief of intestinal obstruction/perforation. Complement C3 and C4 levels improved, IL-6 decreased, absolute B lymphocyte count decreased, SLEDAI score decreased, with a 100% remission rate and a 10% relapse rate.Among these, 3 patients who received high-dose corticosteroid pulse therapy combined with RTX experienced infections.Conclusion Rituximab therapy can effectively improve serum immunological indicators, imaging findings, and intestinal damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and intestinal involvement, showing good clinical efficacy.
Asymmetric indexable cutter bodies for better chatter resistance
Authors: Demirel Hatice Elif Tola , Bediz Bekir , Munoa Jokin , Kilic Zekai Murat 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Milling operations are often limited by regenerative chatter vibrations arising due to the flexible machine tool parts which have dynamic effects on both stationary and rotary directions. Additionally, asymmetricity (or, non-axisymmetricity) of the milling cutter has an impact on rotating dynamics of the machine tool. However, asymmetric cutters may not always have positive effects hence care must be taken when using them. This paper investigates how to achieve desired chatter stability characteristics by tuning the dynamic response of the tool body. Both frequency and time domain methods were used to predict the stability lobes diagram according to the measured tool tip frequency response functions. An indexable end mill with exchangeable head is used for demonstration of dynamic tuning. Additionally, receptance coupling substructure analysis is used to predict the tool tip frequency response function for various degrees of asymmetry. The milling tests validated that the proposed approach captures the sensitivity of the stability lobes diagram to the degree of asymmetricity. The highest degree of asymmetricity had an unacceptable reduction in stability, while the suggested degree moves the stability pocket below the maximum spindle speed while keeping similar stable depth of cut.
Physical Activity Levels And Influencing Factors Related To Work Among Outpatient And Emergency Nurses: A Cross Sectional
Authors: Fitria Nita , Karisa Putri , Manseaur Geraldino Hendy , Yanti Silvya Dwi , Fitrianingrum Ajeng , Ramdhiani Nadila , Purwanti Dewi , Fajar Muhamad Gustaf Al 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Physical activity and nurses are inseparable because nurses have a great prevalence of standing, dynamic standing, sitting, lying, and walking, which are the significant factors that influence physical work behavior differences
Purpose
This study aimed to determine the demographic factors that correlate with the physical activity level of nurses
Patients and methods:
Our study used a correlational design with 117 nurses including 57 emergency nurses and 60 outpatient nurses. This study used the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) as the instrument. Research analysis with the Spearman test.
Results
There is a relationship between room unit (p = 0.025), age (p = 0.022), and length of work (p = 0.046) and the level of physical activity of nurses. The room unit is the dominant factor affecting nurses' physical activity level (Stand. Estimate = 0.177; 95% CI = -0.046–0.621; p = 0.91). There is a significant relationship between room unit, age, and length of service compared with the nurses' activity level. Meanwhile, career level was not associated with nurses' activity level.
Conclusion
Physical activity levels among outpatient and emergency nurses in Indonesia vary significantly, with occupational factors such as shift patterns and workload playing a critical role. Tailored interventions aimed at promoting physical activity within these healthcare settings are necessary to enhance the health and performance of nurses.
The impact of “poverty alleviation” on the income of urban and rural residents in state-level impoverished counties: evidence from China
Authors: Lan Feng , Tan Shuohua , Li Hanxiong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Due to the differences in national conditions of different countries, the effectiveness of the exit mechanism of impoverished areas in different countries is still controversial.Therefore, based on the data of 832 state-level impoverished counties in China from 2013 to 2020, the research goal of this paper is to apply the Staggered DlD method to study the impact effect and mechanism of poverty alleviation in national impoverished counties on the income of urban and rural residents, which is of great significance to stimulate the income increase of impoverished population.The results indicates that:(1)With the support of positive incentive policies and sound exit mechanisms, after poverty alleviation, the two-way fixed effect model shows that the income of urban and rural residents in China's poverty alleviation counties has a significant growth effect. (2)In addition, there is regional heterogeneity in the growth effect of urban and rural residents' income in impoverished counties, which generally presents the differentiation pattern of “high at the eastern and western ends, low in the middle” and “high in the south, low in the north”. (3)Further analysis by using the generalized synthetic control method confirms the effectiveness of the poverty alleviation policy. (4)The influence mechanism of poverty alleviation on urban and rural residents' income is heterogeneous, in which level of agricultural mechanization, education, social welfare and local financial hematopoietic capacity have significant promotion effects on the income of urban and rural residents in impoverished counties. The research in this paper not only enriches the research content and realistic path of consolidating China's poverty alleviation achievements, but also makes certain theoretical and practical contributions to the revitalization and development of China’s once-impoverished counties.
Hydrogen Isotopes Retention Studies Using Laser and Microwave Induced Plasma Coupling
Authors: Vujadinovic Nikola , Traparic Ivan , Stankov Biljana Duško , Rankovic Dragan , Kuzmanovic Miroslav , Ivkovic Milivoje 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The detection of deuterium and tritium retention in fusion devices via optical emission spectroscopy (OES) faces significant challenges due to experimental limitations, particularly in resolving hydrogen isotope Balmer alpha lines (Hα, Dα, and Tα). In this study, we propose and evaluate the coupling of laser ablation and laser-induced desorption with microwave-induced plasma (MIP) as an approach to resolve this problem. This approach effectively meets the resolution requirements for Balmer alpha lines, overcoming limitations of standard laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) setups. Optimization of Nd:YAG laser ablation was performed using pure copper and tungsten targets, while desorption, including femtosecond (fs) laser-induced desorption, was studied on graphite powder mixed with heavy water and water. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in spectral resolution and analytical performances, highlighting the potential of this technique for tritium retention studies in plasma-facing components.
DFT-Based Insights into Ga₆N₆ Nanoring for Pollutant Gas Sensing: Adsorption Energetics and Electronic Modulations
Authors: Sutradhar Rajib K. , Zala Vidit B. , Shukla Rishit S. , Gupta Sanjeev K. , Gajjar P. N. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Environmental pollution, a pressing global concern, is primarily caused by the release of harmful gases. These gases, such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), ammonia (NH3), nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2), and sulphur dioxide (SO2), significantly contribute to climate change, environmental degradation, and adverse health effects. To address this issue, the development of advanced materials, particularly nanomaterials with their large surface area and active sites, is crucial for detecting and reducing these pollutants. The present study investigated the interaction between toxic gas molecules and a Ga6N6 nanoring using density functional theory. The results, with adsorption energies are 2.09 eV, -1.75 eV, -2.04 eV and -1.01 eV, revealed strong binding between the nanoring and CO2, NO, NO2 and SO2 gas molecules, respectively, indicating a promising potential for sensing and removing these gases. However, the interactions with CO and NH3 were weaker, suggesting that Ga6N6 nanoring may not be well-suited for detecting these gases. Based on the recovery time analysis, the Ga6N6 nanoring shows potential for storing or removing CO2, NO, NO2 and SO2 gas molecules from a specific environment. Due to longer recovery time, the nanoring can effectively bind and hold these gas molecules, making it a promising candidate for environmental remediation applications.
Relationship between Chinese Pre-service Mathematics Teachers’ Knowledge, Pedagogical beliefs, and Noticing
Authors: Yang Xinrong , Deng Jun , König Johannes , Kaiser Gabriele 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

While the theoretical discourse posits teacher knowledge and beliefs as critical factors influencing teacher noticing, few studies have empirically explored the interrelationship among these constructs within a single investigation, particularly in a non-Western context. This paper examines the relationships among teacher knowledge, pedagogical beliefs, and teacher noticing, with a specific focus on the mediating role of beliefs between teacher knowledge and noticing, based on a study involving 583 pre-service mathematics teachers within the Chinese context. The findings indicate that in contrast to common expectations and earlier results pre-service teachers’ mathematical content knowledge (MCK), rather than their mathematical pedagogical content knowledge (MPCK), exhibits a stronger correlation with teachers’ noticing. However, as expected, transmissive pedagogical beliefs significantly and negatively correlate with noticing, while constructivist pedagogical beliefs demonstrate a significant positive relationship with noticing. Furthermore, the study reveals that teacher knowledge and pedagogical beliefs distinctly influence various facets of teacher noticing confirming theoretically derived assumptions. Notably, pedagogical beliefs serve as a significant mediator between teacher knowledge and noticing. The findings suggest that apparently societal and cultural norms, alongside teaching experience, moderate the relationships among teacher knowledge, beliefs, and noticing.
Sentiment Analysis of Product Customer Reviews on Tunisian Online Sale Sites
Authors: I Afef SLIMAN , Author Ali SALEM 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

In this paper, the Customer Reviews Analysis of Products, collected from Tunisian online retail platforms, is performed by collecting the data with the help of the web scraping method. Approaches comprise a language detection process that will handle the reviews in any language, followed by sentiment analysis, which in turn forms the polarity of comments: positive, negative, or neutral. The classification of opinions has been done using some machine learning algorithms: Support Vector Machines, Decision Trees, Random Forests, and Naive Bayes. Besides, in this paper, the Tf-Idf method is applied to represent and classify the texts. This research will give some effective insights into improving customer satisfaction and optimizing business strategy regarding the context of Tunisian e-commerce.