bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Penghambat Pembelajaran Membaca Permulaan Siswa Kelas 2 SD Negeri Ambalkebrek Kecamatan Ambal Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Susiani Tri Saptuti , Rokhmaniyah Rokhmaniyah 
Published: November 2023

<p><span lang="EN-US">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) </span><span lang="EN-US">mendeskripsikan pembelajaran membaca permulaan siswa kelas 2 SD Negeri Ambalkebrek; (2) menganalisis faktor-faktor penghambat pembelajaran membaca permulaan siswa kelas 2; (3) mendeskripsikan upaya mengatasi faktor-faktor penghambat pembelajaran membaca permulaan siswa kelas 2. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif pendekatan studi kasus dengan subjek kelas 2 yang berjumlah 18 siswa. Teknik pengambilan data dengan <em>purposive sampling</em> Teknik Pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Teknik analisis data melalui pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) pembelajaran membaca permulaan terintegrasi dalam pembelajaran tematik; (2) faktor-faktor penghambat pembelajaran berasal dari faktor internal dan eksternal, (3) upaya mengatasi faktor-faktor penghambat membaca permulaan dilakukan oleh siswa, guru, dan orang tua. Upaya tersebut yaitu: (a) Guru memprioritaskan siswa yang mengalami hambatan membaca; (b) siswa meningkatkan minat membaca (c) orang tua memberikan perhatian dan fasilitas belajar yang memadai untuk siswa. </span></p>
Peningkatan Komunikasi Siswa dalam Pembelajaran IPA materi Jaring-jaring Makanan Berbantuan Media Kartu Bergambar Melalui Model Problem Based Learning
Authors: Saputra Kurnia Dwi , Suryandari Kartika Chrysti , Chamdani Muhamad 
Published: November 2023

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan langkah-langkah penerapan model <em>Problem Based Learning </em>menggunakan media kartu bergambar, meningkatkan komunikasi siswa kelas V SDN Sidoharjo, serta menguraikan respon siswa dalam pembelajaran berbantuan media kartu bergambar. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini dilaksanakan selama tiga siklus. Subjek penelitian ialah guru dan siswa kelas V SDN Sidoharjo. Data yang digunakan berupa data kualitatif dan data kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik non tes dan teknik tes. Analisis data dilaksanakan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata persentase penerapan model <em>Problem Based Learning</em> menggunakan media kartu bergambar pada siklus I = 82,49%, siklus II = 88,53%, serta siklus III = 93,36%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata persentase keterampilan komunikasi siswa pada siklus I = 73,61%, siklus II = 86,81%, serta siklus III = 91,67%. Simpulan penelitian ini yaitu terjadinya peningkatan komunikasi siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA materi jaring-jaring makanan berbantuan media kartu bergambar melalui model <em>Problem Based Learning</em>.</p>
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (Pbl) dengan Media Konkret untuk Meningkatkan Pembelajaran Matematika Tentang Bangun Ruang Pada Siswa Kelas VA SDN 1 Kutosari Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023
Authors: Lestari Dwi Puji , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Chamdani Muhammad 
Published: November 2023

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan langkah penerapan model pembelajaran <em>Problem Based Learning (PBL) </em>dengan media konkret, meningkatkan pembelajaran matematika tentang bangun ruang dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran <em>Problem Based Learning (PBL) </em>dengan media konkret, serta mendeskripsikan kendala dan solusi penerapan model pembelajaran <em>Problem Based Learning (PBL) </em>dengan media konkret. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas kolaboratif yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VA SDN 1 Kutosari berjumlah 24 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model <em>Problem Based Learning (PBL) </em>dengan media konkret dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran matematika tentang bangun ruang. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penerapan model pembelajaran <em>Problem Based Learning (PBL) </em>dengan media konkret yang dilaksanakan sesuai langkah yang tepat dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran matematika tentang bangun ruang pada siswa kelas VA SDN 1 Kutosari tahun ajaran 2022/2023.</p>
Peningkatan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Melalui Metode Struktural Analitik Sintetik Pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Kelas I SDN 2 Sentolo Tahun 2022/2023
Authors: Rohmawati Nuri , Erviana Vera Yuli , Suryani Wahyu 
Published: November 2023

<p>Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh masalah yang peneliti temui di kelas I SDN 2 Sentolo yakni berdasarkan <em>pretest</em> yang telah dilakukan ditemukan bahwa terdapat 60% siswa masih kesulitan dalam membaca dan berdasarkan praktik mengajar terbimbing ditemukan bahwa proses pembelajaran berlangsung kurang kondusif. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan membaca permulaan peserta didik pada pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan menggunakan metode SAS di kelas I SD Negeri 2 Sentolo. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas kolaboratif (PTK-K). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni observasi, tes dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif yaitu dengan mencari rerata. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa melalui metode SAS dapat meningkatkan ketrampilan membaca permulaan peserta didik kelas I SD Negeri 2 Sentolo dari pra tindakan, siklus I dan siklus II, data awal presentase kelulusan klasikal sebesar 40% atau 10 peserta didik, siklus I sebesar 72%, dan siklus II sebesar 92%. Dari hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan membaca permulaan peserta didik kelas I di SD Negeri 2 Sentolo meningkat dengan menggunakan metode Struktural Analitik Sintetik pada pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia.</p>
Disrupted visual attention relates to cognitive development in infants with Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Authors: Ali Jannath Begum , Mason Luke , Charman Tony , Johnson Mark H. , Green Jonathan , Garg Shruti , Jones Emily J.H. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 is a genetic condition diagnosed in infancy that substantially increases the likelihood of a child experiencing cognitive and developmental difficulties, including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). One of the most characteristic cognitive differences observed in children with NF1 is in visuospatial processing, but whether this contributes to broader difficulties with cognitive and learning skills is unclear. To address this question requires longitudinal prospective studies from infancy, where the relation between visuospatial difficulties and cognitive development can be mapped over time.
Methods
We report data from 28 infants with NF1 tested longitudinally at 5, 10 and 14 months compared to cohorts of 29 typical likelihood infants (with no history of NF1 or ASD and/or ADHD), and 123 infants with a family history of ASD and/or ADHD. We used an eyetracking battery to measure visual spatial attention.
Results
Infants with NF1 demonstrated intact social orienting, but slower development of endogenous visual foraging. This slower development presented as prolonged engagement with a salient stimulus in a static display relative to typically developing infants. In terms of exogenous attention shifting, NF1 infants showed faster saccadic reaction times than typical likelihood infants. However, the NF1 group demonstrated a slower developmental improvement from 5 to 14 months of age. Individual differences in foraging and saccade times were concurrently related to visual reception abilities within the full infant cohort (NF1, typical likelihood and those with a family history of ASD/ADHD).
Conclusions
Our results provide preliminary evidence that alterations in saccadic reaction time and visual foraging may contribute to learning difficulties in infants with NF1; social orienting and engagement develop typically in these infants.
TRIM26 facilitates PRV infection through NDP52-mediated MAVS autophagic degradation
Authors: Wu Chengyue , Wang Mengdong , Wang Xiaoquan , Chen Yeping , Li Hao , Sun Liumei , Ren Jianle , Zhang Zhendong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) has evolved multiple strategies to evade host antiviral responses to benefit virus replication and establish persistent infection. Recently, tripartite motif 26 (TRIM26) belonging to TRIM family proteins is engaged in a broad range of biological processes involved in innate immunity, especially in regulating virus infection. Herein, we found that the expression of TRIM26 was significantly induced after PRV infection. Surprisingly, the overexpression of TRIM26 promoted PRV production, while the depletion of this protein inhibited the virus replication, suggesting TRIM26 could positively regulate PRV infection. Further analysis revealed that TRIM26 negatively regulates innate immune response by targeting RIG-I triggered type I interferon signaling pathway. TRIM26 was physically associated with MAVS independent of viral infection and reduced MAVS expression. Mechanistically, we found NDP52 interacted with both TRIM26 and MAVS, and TRIM26-induced MAVS degradation was almost entirely blocked in NDP52 knockdown cells, demonstrating that TRIM26 degrades MAVS through NDP52-mediated selective autophagy. Our results reveal a novel mechanism by which PRV escapes host antiviral innate immunity and enriches insights into the crosstalk among virus infection, autophagy, and innate immune response.
Off the Shelf’ Toric Intraocular Lenses to allow better access in Public Healthcare: A Randomised Control Study
Authors: O'Brart David , Naderi Khayam , Jameel Ashmal , Low Sancy , Wagh Vijay , Bhogal Mani , Ritchie Ailsa , Robbie Scott , Hammond Christopher , Mohamed Moin , Stanojcic Nick , Azan Elodie , Lai Lily , Hull Chris 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose To compare fully tailored (FT) toric intraocular lens (TIOL) implantation with an ‘off the shelf’ (OTS) approach, with only 2.0 or 4.0 dioptre cylinder (D) powers and opposite clear corneal incisions (OCCI) to simplify TIOL implantation in public healthcare. Methods Forty-seven patients with corneal astigmatism of 1.50DC or more were randomised to the OTS and 44 to the FT group. Primary outcomes were uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) (logMar), best-corrected distance visual acuity (BDVA) and post-operative refractive cylinder (RC). Secondary outcomes were patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) (CATPROM and EQ-5D-3L), and adverse events. Follow up was four weeks (4W) and six months (6M). Results At 4W, mean UDVA (+/-SD) was 0.14 (0.11) in the OTS and 0.15 (0.14) in the FT group (p = 0.65); mean BDVA was 0.02 (0.1) in OTS and 0.00 (0.085) in FT (p = 0.27); mean RC was 0.73D (0.39) in OTS, and 0.85D (0.49) in FT (p = 0.23). At 6M, mean UDVA was 0.16 (0.15) in OTS and 0.10 (0.13) in FT (p = 0.075); mean BDVA was 0.01 (0.10) in OTS and − 0.01 (0.09) in FT (p = 0.34); mean RC was 0.89D (0.50) in OTS and 0.84D (0.42) in FT (p = 0.59). There were no differences in PROMs between the groups. No cases required further surgery to reposition the TIOL. Conclusions The use of OTS 2.00D and 4.00D cylinder TIOLs with additional OCCI is not significantly inferior to using FT TIOLs. This may facilitate access to TIOL implantation in public healthcare settings.
Evaluation of pneumonia indexes associated with mechanical ventilation in a COVID-19 unit with dentist
Authors: Feitosa Alinne , Veras Pedryna , Sampaio Eliane , Filho Edson Cetira , Matos Ylana , Carvalho Aristea 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective:The aim of this research is to evaluate whether there was a difference after the insertion of the dental surgeon in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) that cares for patients with COVID-19 in relation to VAP control, length of stay and mortality.Materials and methodsO Dentista foi inserido por três meses na equipe multiprofissional. No começo de cada mês foi realizada uma capacitação com os técnicos de enfermagem e enfermeiros. Foram coletados no Serviço de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar os índices de PAVM, tempo de internação hospitalar e mortalidade na UTI nos três meses anteriores a inserção do Cirurgião-Dentista na equipe e três meses após a inserção do mesmo.Results:After statistical analysis, the hospitalization rate increased in the period in which the dentist was working in the COVID-19 unit, but the p value was not significant in this variant (p > 0.062). The percentage of VAP in the period before and after the dentist's intervention in the COVID-19 unit decreased with a significant difference between the evaluated periods (p < 0.0001). Regarding mortality, it was found that there was an increase in the number of deaths over time, however without statistical significance (p > 0.2790).ConclusionThe pandemic came to confirm the importance of dental care in the hospital environment and the integration of the professional dentist in the health team, contributing to the oral health and quality of life of critical patients.Clinical significance:o aumento do número de Cirurgiões-Dentistas nas equipes multiprofissionais, dando capacitação e suporte à equipe com os cuidados bucais em pacientes críticos, junto com o protocolo fixo sobre higienização em pacientes intubados repassado à equipe no início de cada mês, contribuiu de forma significativa para redução da PAVM.
Association between ambient temperature and emergency room visits of total and cause-specific cardiovascular disease: A time-series study in Lanzhou, China
Authors: Ye Yilin , Ma Hongran , Dong Jiyuan , Wang Jiancheng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

This study focused on Lanzhou, China, and assessed the associations between daily mean temperature and emergency room (ER) visits due to total and cause-specific cardiovascular diseases (CVD) from 2013 to 2019. The quasi-Poisson generalized additive model (GAM) combined with distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used to examine the effects of ambient temperature and total and cause-specific cardiovascular ER visits. We calculated the relative risks (RR) at cold (hot) temperature comparing the 5th (95th) centile of temperature with the minimum morbidity temperature (MMT). Inverted U-shaped or irregular M-shaped exposure-response curves were observed between temperature and total and cause-specific CVD ER visits in Lanzhou, China.For people with total CVD, HRD or CD, females were more sensitive to temperature than male, for IHD and HF, males are more vulnerable to temperature. The <65 years old with total CVD, IHD, HRD, or CD were more susceptible to the effect of temperature. The results showed that the relationship between temperature and total and cause-specific CVD was nonlinear. Cold temperatures had longer-lasting effects on morbidity, whereas hot temperatures had acute and short-term effects. The susceptibility to temperature varied across disease subtype, gender, and age.So the implementation of targeted interventions and regular monitoring of health risks at non-optimal temperatures is crucial for informing urban public health policy.
Outcomes and failure patterns after chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer with positive lateral pelvic lymph nodes: A propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Li Shuai , Song Maxiaowei , Tie Jian , Zhu Xianggao , Zhang Yangzi , Wang Hongzhi , Geng Jianhao , Liu Zhiyan , Sui Xin , Teng Huajing , Cai Yong , Li Yongheng , Wang Weihu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to use propensity score matching (PSM) to explore the long-term outcomes and failure patterns in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients with positive versus negative lateral pelvic lymph node (LPLN).
Materials and methods: Patients with LARC were retrospectively divided into LPLN-positive and LPLN-negative groups. Clinical characteristics were compared between the groups using the chi-square test. PSM was applied to balance these differences. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and local-regional recurrence (LRR) and distant metastasis (DM) rates were compared between the groups using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests.
Results: A total of 651 LARC patients were included, 160 (24.6%) of whom had positive LPLN and 491(75.4%) had negative LPLN. Before PSM, the LPLN-positive group had higher rates of lower location (53.1% vs. 43.0%, P=0.025), T4 stage(37.5% vs. 23.2%, P=0.002), mesorectal fascia (MRF)-positive (53.9% vs. 35.4%, P<0.001) and extramural venous invasion (EMVI)-positive (51.2% vs. 27.2%, P<0.001) disease than the LPLN-negative group. After PSM, there were 114 patients for each group along with the balanced clinical factors, and both groups had comparable surgery, pathologic complete response (pCR), and ypN stage rates. The median follow-up was 45.9 months, 3-year OS (88.3% vs. 92.1%, P=0.276) and LRR (5.7% vs. 2.8%, P=0.172) rates were comparable between LPLN-positive and LPLN-negative groups. Meanwhile, despite no statistical difference, 3-year PFS (78.8% vs. 85.9%, P=0.065) and DM (20.4% vs. 13.3%, P=0.061) rates slightly differed between the groups. 45 patients were diagnosed with DM, 11 (39.3%) LPLN-positive and 3 (17.6%) LPLN-negative patients were diagnosed with oligometastases (P=0.109).
Conclusions: Our study indicates that for LPLN-positive patients, there is a tendency of worse PFS and DM than LPLN-negative patients, and for this group patients, large samples are needed to further confirm our conclusion.
The transcription factor XBP1 regulates mitochondrial remodel in spontaneous abortion
Authors: He Weihua , Zhao Yating , Yin Lijun , Du Qiangxing , Ren Wenfen , Mao Liwei , Liu Aixia , Wang Dimin , Qian Jianhua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Spontaneous abortion (SA) is a clinical dilemma during early pregnancy. It has reported that endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) was associated with increased incidence of SA. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated.
Results: ERS related proteins, including GRP78, p-eIF2a, CHOP and XBP1s, were increased in DSCs under endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS-DSCs). Meanwhile, the inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis were revealed to be enhanced in ERS-DSCs. Interestingly, loss of XBP1 reduced the inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis in ERS-DSCs. Mechanismly, XBP1s coupled with the promoter of a ubiquitin E3 ligase tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6). TRAF6 expression was suppressed in ERS-DSCs post treatment with shXBP1, which was accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. TRAF6 induced mitochondrial dysfunction in ERS-DSCs by suppressing the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2), thereby enhancing ROS levels, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. Moreover, Overexpression of mTORC2 abrogated TRAF6-induced ROS, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis, which involved in the activation of Akt/FoxO1 signaling.
Conclusions: Theses resuluts demonstrated that Loss of XBP1 mediated mitochondrial remodel by regulating TRAF6/mTORC2 signaling pathway plays a critical role in the preservation of DSCs during early pregnancy, which provides novel insights into the pathological mechanism of SA and potential therapeutic targets for SA.
Synthesis and Characterization of ZnS nanoparticle doped Eu 3+ ions prepared by sol-gel method in silica glass matrix
Authors: Puia Lalruat , Dawngliana KMS , Fanai A. L. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We report here the synthesis of silica glass-ceramic doped ZnS nanoparticle in Eu3+ ions by sol-gel method, as well as their structural characterization and spectroscopic analyses. The density, refractive index and various physical properties were calculated. The formation of the blende structure and a hexagonal polycrystalline phase of ZnS is confirmed by studies using selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Analysis using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) showed that the particles' sizes vary from 10 to 50 nm. FTIR were used to examine the structural characteristics of prepared glass samples at specific annealing temperatures. The band gap energy of as-synthesized doped ZnS glass-ceramic was 3.49 eV compared to bulk value (3.60 eV) with a pure green emission. Through photoluminescence (PL) spectra, the impact of ZnS nanoparticle on glass doped with Eu3+ ions were investigated. The CIE colour chromaticity and CCT reveals that the studied glass can be used for producing white light for commercial lighting purposes.
Analysis of Extreme Rainfall and Landslides in the Metropolitan Region of the Paraiba Valley and North Coast of Sao Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Cesar , Marengo José Antônio , Lemes Murilo Ruv 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Hydrological and geological disasters triggered by heavy rainfall led to major social, and economic impacts and loss of human lives. This scenario may be worsening due to climate change and the increases in the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events. Intense rainfall represents the hazard in terms of risk. This hazard, combined with the vulnerability and exposure of populations and the places where they live, determines the risk of disasters. Thus, our objective is to analyze the climatology and trends of extreme rainfall in the Metropolitan Region of the Paraiba Valley and North Coast of Sao Paulo (RMVPLN). The results indicate that there is an increase in frequency and intense rainfall indicators, mainly on the coast of São Paulo, resulting from positive anomalies of moisture transport and ocean winds, influenced by intense South Atlantic Subtropical High. This region is the most susceptible to the occurrence of landslides triggered by extreme rainfall as they are concentrated in areas that combine deforested areas, high slope topography, and excessive anthropic intervention. The presence of the mountainous regions increases the risk that an extreme rainfall event could trigger landslides, affecting local infrastructure and exposing the vulnerability of populations in these risk areas.
EB-YOLOX:A Balanced One-Stage Object Detection Model Concentrating on Global Features
Authors: Wang Yaozheng , Wang Kehan , Liu Zhiyong , Luo Guoqian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
With the increasing complexity of objects and the limitation of hardware resources, it is crucial to design object detection models that are both highly effective and efficient. Although YOLOX, as a leading object detector, strikes a good balance between the number of parameters and performance, it still has some design weaknesses. These include constraints in Bottleneck extracted features, insufficient feature fusion and information loss in FPN (Feature Pyramid Networks), and an uneven trade-off between performance and efficiency in the detection head. These limitations affect the equilibrium between the number of parameters and model performance. To address these issues, this paper presents an object detection model known as EB-YOLOX (Emphasized Balance YOLOX), which incorporates three key elements: Multidirectional Feature Extraction Bottleneck, Decoupled bidirectional Feature Pyramid Network, and Efficient Decoupling head network. With these components, EB-YOLOX effectively tackles model performance challenges and undergoes a comprehensive evaluation on the MS COCO dataset. Experimental results indicate that EB-YOLOX outperforms YOLOX-S by 1.8% in Average Precision (AP) and achieves significant performance improvements across various scenarios, highlighting its excellent balance between the number of parameters and performance.