bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Veterinarians’ knowledge and experience of avian influenza and perspectives on control measures in the UK
Authors: Jewitt Sarah , McClaughlin Emma , Elliott Sol , Smallman‐Raynor Matthew , Clark Michael , Dunham Stephen , Tarlinton Rachael 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe scale of the outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in 2021–23 due to the influenza A/H5N1 virus is unprecedented.MethodsAn online survey was designed to explore veterinarians’ experiences of and confidence in treating avian species, experiences of dealing with suspected HPAI and perspectives on control measures in the UK. The survey ran between December 2021 and March 2022.ResultsSurvey responses were received from 26 veterinarians. Although veterinarians are well placed to communicate HPAI‐related information and guidance, a lack of confidence around treating birds and dealing with suspected cases of HPAI represent key barriers for non‐specialist practices, and this limits opportunities to educate clients.LimitationsThis study presents the views of a small group of self‐selected respondents and may over‐represent veterinarians with existing interests in avian species and/or avian influenza and who engage with online fora.ConclusionsImproved training and resources designed to increase confidence with avian species, along with guidance on diagnosing and reporting notifiable diseases, are needed for first opinion practices. Governing bodies should clarify regulations on treating birds in veterinary practices when HPAI outbreak numbers are high.
Symmetry breaking and consistent truncations from M5-branes wrapping a disc
Authors: Bomans Pieter , Couzens Christopher , Lee Yein , Ning Sirui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We construct new supersymmetric solutions corresponding to M5-branes wrapped on a topological disc by turning on additional scalars in the background. The presence of such scalar fields breaks one of the U(1) isometries of the internal space, explicitly realising the breaking by the Stückelberg mechanism observed previously. In addition, we construct a consistent truncation of maximal seven-dimensional gauged supergravity on the disc to five-dimensional Romans’ SU(2) × U(1) gauged supergravity, allowing us to construct a plethora of new supergravity solutions corresponding to more general states in the dual SCFTs as well as solutions corresponding to M5-branes wrapping four-dimensional orbifolds.
Approximating the chromatic polynomial is as hard as computing it exactly
Authors: Bencs Ferenc , Huijben Jeroen , Regts Guus 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe show that for any non-real algebraic number q, such that
$$|q-1|>1$$

|
q
-
1
|
>
1

or $$\Re(q)>\frac{3}{2}$$

ℜ

(
q
)

>

3
2

it is #P-hard to compute
a multiplicative (resp. additive) approximation to the absolute
value (resp. argument) of the chromatic polynomial evaluated at q on planar graphs. This implies #P-hardness for all
non-real algebraic q on the family of all graphs. We, moreover,
prove several hardness results for q, such that $$|q-1|\leq 1$$

|
q
-
1
|
≤
1

.Our hardness results are obtained by showing that a polynomial time
algorithm for approximately computing the chromatic
polynomial of a planar graph at non-real algebraic q (satisfying
some properties) leads to a polynomial time algorithm for
exactly computing it, which is known to be hard by a result
of Vertigan. Many of our results extend in fact to the more general
partition function of the random cluster model, a well-known
reparametrization of the Tutte polynomial.
Design and implementation of an innovative canned cycle for variable pitch thread cutting on CNC milling machines
Authors: Omirou Sotiris L. , Chasos Charalambos A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper presents the development of a new canned cycle for CNC milling machines capable of cutting threads with variable pitch, addressing a significant limitation in modern CNC systems. While existing CNC milling machines provide canned cycles for thread cutting, they lack the capability to program variable pitch, necessitating reliance on CAM systems. In response, the proposed canned cycle offers increased flexibility, quicker setup times, and reduced dependence on CAM systems. The cycle accommodates both internal and external threads, supports left-hand or right-hand threading, and incorporates a user-friendly control panel for easy programming. To validate its efficiency, the canned cycle is implemented using a G-code parametric algorithm, and a series of simulation tests are conducted. The results demonstrate the viability and advantages of the new CNC milling feature in cutting threads with variable pitch, opening up possibilities for various mechanical applications.
A novel cross-docking EOQ-based model to optimize a multi-item multi-supplier multi-retailer inventory management system
Authors: Khakbaz Amir , Alfares Hesham K. , Amirteimoori Arash , Tirkolaee Erfan Babaee 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNowadays, the retail industry accounts for a large share of the world’s economy. Cross-docking is one of the most effective and smart inventory management systems used by retail companies to respond to demands efficiently. In this study, the aim is to develop a novel cross-docking EOQ-based model for a retail company. By considering a two-stage inventory procurement process, a new multi-item, multi-supplier, multi-retailer EOQ model is developed to minimize the total inventory costs. In the first stage, the required items are received from suppliers and are held in a central warehouse. In the second stage, these items are delivered to several retail stores. The total inventory costs include four main parts, i.e., holding costs at the central warehouse, holding costs at the retail stores, fixed ordering costs from the suppliers, and fixed ordering costs from the central warehouse. The optimal inventory policy is obtained by analyzing extrema, and a numerical example is used to confirm the efficiency of the proposed model. Based on the obtained results, it is evident that the proposed model produces the optimal policy for the cross-docking system. Furthermore, the model enables managers to analyze the effects of key factors on the costs of the system. Based on the obtained results, the annual demand of each retailer, the ordering cost by the central warehouse, the ordering cost at each retail store, and the holding cost at each retail store have a direct impact on the optimal cost. Furthermore, it is not possible to describe the effects of the holding cost at the central warehouse on the optimal cost of the system generally.
Assessment of the cardiac output at rest and during exercise stress using real-time cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in HFpEF-patients
Authors: Schulz Alexander , Mittelmeier Hannah , Wagenhofer Lukas , Backhaus Sören J. , Lange Torben , Evertz Ruben , Kutty Shelby , Kowallick Johannes T. , Hasenfuß Gerd , Schuster Andreas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis methodological study aimed to validate the cardiac output (CO) measured by exercise-stress real-time phase-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). 68 patients with dyspnea on exertion (NYHA ≥ II) and echocardiographic signs of diastolic dysfunction underwent rest and exercise stress right heart catheterization (RHC) and CMR within 24 h. Patients were diagnosed as overt HFpEF (pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) ≥ 15mmHg at rest), masked HFpEF (PCWP ≥ 25mmHg during exercise stress but < 15mmHg at rest) and non-cardiac dyspnea. CO was calculated using RHC as the reference standard, and in CMR by the volumetric stroke volume, conventional phase-contrast and rest and stress real-time phase-contrast imaging. At rest, the CMR based CO showed good agreement with RHC with an ICC of 0.772 for conventional phase-contrast, and 0.872 for real-time phase-contrast measurements. During exercise stress, the agreement of real-time CMR and RHC was good with an ICC of 0.805. Real-time measurements underestimated the CO at rest (Bias:0.71 L/min) and during exercise stress (Bias:1.4 L/min). Patients with overt HFpEF had a significantly lower cardiac index compared to patients with masked HFpEF and with non-cardiac dyspnea during exercise stress, but not at rest. Real-time phase-contrast CO can be assessed with good agreement with the invasive reference standard at rest and during exercise stress. While moderate underestimation of the CO needs to be considered with non-invasive testing, the CO using real-time CMR provides useful clinical information and could help to avoid unnecessary invasive procedures in HFpEF patients.
ISCEV and IPS guideline for the full-field stimulus test (FST)
Authors: Jolly J. K. , Grigg J. R. , McKendrick A. M. , Fujinami K. , Cideciyan A. V. , Thompson D. A. , Matsumoto C. , Asaoka R. , Johnson C. , Dul M. W. , Artes P. H. , Robson A. G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe full-field stimulus test (FST) is a psychophysical technique designed for the measurement of visual function in low vision. The method involves the use of a ganzfeld stimulator, as used in routine full-field electroretinography, to deliver full-field flashes of light. This guideline was developed jointly by the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV) and Imaging and Perimetry Society (IPS) in order to provide technical information, promote consistency of testing and reporting, and encourage convergence of methods for FST. It is intended to aid practitioners and guide the formulation of FST protocols, with a view to future standardisation.
Concentrations and health risks of selected elements in leafy vegetables: a comparison between roadside open-air markets and large stores in Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Adhikari Sutapa , Struwig Madeleen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study compared concentrations and health risks of selected elements (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn) in leafy vegetables (coriander, lettuce, mint, spring onion, swiss chard) from roadside open-air markets (OM) and large stores (supermarkets: SM, vegetable markets: VM) in Johannesburg, South Africa. Along with washed leaves (OMW, SMW, VMW), unwashed OM leaves (OMUW) were assessed to investigate the contribution of deposition. The findings revealed that OMUW leaves had the highest concentrations of all elements. Furthermore, compared with washed leaves, OMUW leaves showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) mean concentrations of Cd, Hg, Ni and Pb, elements that typify the composition of polluted urban air. Bi- and multivariate analysis indicated anthropogenic origin of most elements in OM leaves and several in SMW and VMW leaves. Although only OMUW leaves exhibited hazard quotient above the safe threshold of 1 for Cd, Cr, As and Ni, hazard index exceeded this safe limit in all samples (OMUW (11.77) > OMW (1.83) > SMW (1.29) > VMW (1.01)). Determined cancer risk for Cd and As was greater than 1 × 10−6 in both washed and unwashed leaves, and the greatest cancer risk was estimated for OM leaves. Thorough washing of OM vegetables with water reduced non-carcinogenic risk (84%) and cancer risk (74‒87%) markedly. In conclusion, residents primarily relying on open-air markets for their regular leafy vegetable supplies might face far more severe lifelong health implications compared to customers of large stores in Johannesburg.
High capacitive pt and NiOx loaded supercapacitors with commercial and green synthesized carbon-based materials
Authors: Demirel Serkan , Nas Mehmet Salih , Kocyigit Adem , Calimli Mehmet Harbi , Alma Mehmet Hakkı 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSupercapacitors have gained great interest due to their high-power energy density, suitability for clean energy and energy storage applications. In this study, we used commercial multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), polypyrrole (PPy) and synthesized porous carbon (PC) from Astragalus brachycalyx plant as supporting materials to prepare Pt-NiOx/PPy-MWCNT and Pt-NiOx/PC electrodes by a straightforward method and tested their electrochemical properties for supercapacitor applications. X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were employed to characterize synthesized electrodes. The XRD results confirmed the composition and crystalline structure of related materials in the Pt-NiOx/PPy-MWCNT and Pt-NiOx/PC electrodes. While the MWCNT supporting materials with PPy exhibited filled rod like structure, PC supporting materials showed porous surfaces according to SEM images. The EDS analysis approved chemical composition of the Pt-NiOx/PPy-MWCNT and Pt-NiOx/PC depending on their ingredients. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements were used to characterize capacitor behaviors of the electrode materials in a Swagelok-type cell. The Pt-NiOx/PPy-MWCNT and Pt-NiOx/PC materials displayed 252.36 F/g and 390.97 F/g capacitance values, respectively. The electrochemical experiments revealed that the synthesized materials can be used as energy storage electrode materials for supercapacitor applications.
Differential DNA methylation and CTCF binding between the ESR1 promoter a of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells
Authors: Montes-de-Oca-Fuentes Edén Víctor , Jácome-López Karina , Zarco-Mendoza Anaís , Guerrero Georgina , Ventura-Gallegos José Luis , Juárez-Méndez Sergio , Cabrera-Quintero Alberto Jose , Recillas-Targa Félix , Zentella-Dehesa Alejandro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
ESR1 is expressed by 60–70% of breast tumours. it’s a good prognosis factor and the target of hormone therapy. Optimization of ESR1 reactivation therapy is currently ongoing. Here we probe if the transcription factor CTCF plays a role in the differential expression of ESR1 in the breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 (ESR1+) and MDA-MB-231 (ESR1-).

Methods and results
Knockdown of CTCF in MCF-7 resulted in decreased ESR1 gene expression. CTCF binds to the promoter of ESR1 in MCF-7 but not in MDA-MB-231 cells. CTCF ESR1 binding sites are unmethylated in MCF7 but methylated in MDA-MB-231 cells.

Conclusion
ESR1 expression in MCF7 cells is dependent on CTCF expression. CTCF can bind to specific regions of the promotor of ESR1 gene in MCF-7 cells but not in MDA-MB-231 cells, this correlates with the methylation status of these regions and could be involved in the transcriptional regulation of ESR1.
The quality of life of frequently vs. infrequently screened HPV vaccinated women
Authors: Taavela Kaisa , Eriksson Tiina , Huhtala Heini , Bly Anne , Harjula Katja , Heikkilä Kaisa , Hokkanen Mari , Nummela Mervi , Kotaniemi-Talonen Laura , Lehtinen Matti , Louvanto Karolina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Cervical lesions caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) are related to decreased quality of life (QoL) of women. Also, cervical cancer (CC) screening can cause psychological adverse effects. It has been assumed that by decreasing the HPV-related disease burden, HPV vaccinations would increase the QoL. This study compares the effect of CC screening on QoL of HPV vaccinated women in two different screening protocols.

Methods
A total of 753 HPV16/18 vaccinated women were randomized to frequent (22/25/28 years of age) and infrequent (28 years of age) CC screening arms. QoL questionnaires (EQ VAS, RAND 36, amended CECA 10) were sent at the age of 28.

Results
Median EQ VAS scores were 80 (Q1–Q3 75–90) in both screening arms. Mean RAND 36 scores of frequently and infrequently screened women were 78.13/81.64 in Physical role functioning domain and, respectively, 77.93/80.18 in Pain, 69.10/69.12 in General Health, 54.67/53.61 in Energy, 83.72/85.11 in Social functioning, 69.53/69.68 in Emotional role functioning, and 68.16/69.29 in Emotional well-being domain. Among women with a self-reported history of Pap cytology abnormalities, overall mean scores of amended CECA 10 were 69.52/72.07, and among women with a self-reported history of genital warts, 60.09/66.73, respectively.

Conclusion
There was no significant difference in the QoL of HPV vaccinated women between the two CC screening arms. Women were mostly satisfied with the screening experience despite the screening frequency. This information is important for the future screening program planning as we need to reach the best possible balance with screening benefits and harms.

Trial registration number
NCT02149030, date of registration 29/5/2014.
Anthropological Crisis or Crisis in Moral Status: a Philosophy of Technology Approach to the Moral Consideration of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Llorca Albareda Joan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe inquiry into the moral status of artificial intelligence (AI) is leading to prolific theoretical discussions. A new entity that does not share the material substrate of human beings begins to show signs of a number of properties that are nuclear to the understanding of moral agency. It makes us wonder whether the properties we associate with moral status need to be revised or whether the new artificial entities deserve to enter within the circle of moral consideration. This raises the foreboding that we are at the gates of ananthropological crisis: the properties bound to moral agency have been exclusively possessed in the past by human beings and have shaped the very definition of being human. In this article, I will argue that AI does not lead us to an anthropological crisis and that, if we adhere to the history and philosophy of technology, we will notice that the debate on the moral status of AI uncritically starts from an anthropology of properties and loses sight of the relational dimension of technology. First, I will articulate three criteria for analyzing different anthropological views in philosophy of technology. Second, I will propose six anthropological models: traditional, industrial, phenomenological, postphenomenological, symmetrical, and cyborg. Third, I will show how the emergence of AI breaks with the dynamics of increased relationality in the history and philosophy of technology. I will argue that this aspect is central to debates about the moral status of AI, since it sheds light on an aspect of moral consideration that has been obscured. Finally, I will reject entirely relational approaches to moral status and propose two hybrid possibilities for rethinking it.
Hall classes of groups
Authors: de Giovanni F. , Trombetti M. , Wehrfritz B. A. F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn 1958, Philip Hall (Ill J Math 2:787–801, 1958) proved that if a group G has a nilpotent normal subgroup N such that $$G/N'$$

G
/

N
′

is nilpotent, then G is nilpotent. The scope of Hall’s nilpotency criterion is not restricted to group theory, and in fact similar statements hold for Lie algebras and more generally for algebraically coherent semiabelian categories (see Chao in Math Z 103:40–42, 1968; Gray in Adv Math 349:911–919, 2019; Stitzinger in Ill J Math 22:499–505, 1978). We say that a group class $${\mathfrak {X}}$$
X
is a Hall class if it contains every group G admitting a nilpotent normal subgroup N such that $$G/N'$$

G
/

N
′

belongs to $${\mathfrak {X}}$$
X
. Thus, Hall’s nilpotency criterion just asserts that nilpotent groups form a Hall class. Many other relevant classes of groups have been proved to be Hall classes; for example, Plotkin (Sov Math Dokl 2:471–474, 1961) and Robinson (Math Z 107:225–231, 1968) proved that locally nilpotent groups and hypercentral groups form Hall classes. Note that these generalizations also hold if groups are replaced by other algebraic structures, for example Lie algebras (see Stitzinger in Ill J Math 22:499–505, 1978). The aim of this paper is to develop a general theory of Hall classes of groups, that could later be reasonably extended to Lie algebras. Among other results, we prove that many natural types of generalized nilpotent groups form Hall classes, and we give examples showing in particular that the class of groups having a finite term in the lower central series is not a Hall class, even if we restrict to the universe of linear groups.
Patient activation and psychological coping strategies to manage challenging circumstances during the COVID-19 pandemic in people with kidney disease
Authors: Lightfoot Courtney Jane , Wilkinson Thomas James , Patel Naeema Aiyub , Jones Ceri Rhiannon , Smith Alice Caroline 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Coping with health problems requires some degree of self-management; however, an individual’s ability to self-manage can be threatened during challenging times, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Exploring differences and changes in psychological well-being and coping strategies between those with low and high patient activation may inform appropriate interventions to support psychological coping.

Methods
People with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (non-dialysis and transplant) were recruited from 11 hospital sites across England between August and December 2020. Participants responded to an online survey study, including the Brief Coping Orientation to Problem Experienced (COPE) Inventory, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Short Health Anxiety Index (SHAI), and Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13). A follow-up survey was conducted 6–9 months later. Paired t tests assessed within-group changes, and chi-squared tests compared coping strategies utilised by low- and high-activated participants. General linear modelling was performed to determine the relationship between patient activation and coping strategies, and covariates.

Results
Two hundred and fourteen participants were recruited (mean age: 60.7, 51% male, mean eGFR: 38.9 ml/min/1.73 m2). Low-activated participants were significantly more anxious than high-activated participants (P = 0.045). Health anxiety significantly decreased (i.e., got better) for high-activated participants (P = 0.016). Higher patient activation scores were associated with greater use of problem-focused strategies (β = 0.288, P < 0.001). Age (β = − 0.174, P = 0.012), sex (β = 0.188, P = 0.004), and education level (β = 0.159, P = 0.019) significantly predicted use of problem-focused strategies.

Discussion
Those with higher activation had lower levels of anxiety, and more frequently used adaptive coping strategies during the pandemic. Targeted support and interventions may be required for people with CKD to enhance patient activation, encourage more positive adaptive coping strategies, and mitigate maladaptive coping strategies.

Graphical abstract