bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green Hydrogen for Oil Industry Green Mobility
Authors: Castagnini Marco , Rinaldi Michele , Pojatar Dejan , Castagnini Massimiliano 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Green Mobility, intended as ground transportation by zero carbon emissions vehicles, like BEV and FCEV, is growing everywhere in the world. The Oil and Gas Industry, in our opinion, should lead this transition implementing more and more Green Mobility solutions for personnel, cargo and working equipment.
In Kazakhstan, we have a very limited diffusion of Green Mobility and zero in Oil and Gas industry.
Kazakhstan has a very mature Oil and Gas Industry and a coal/oil-based power generation.
Kazakhstan is also proposing as one of the major Green Hydrogen exporters to Europe, with a recent agreement signed with EU and a large part of the territory scarcely populated favorable both for solar and wind harvesting.
Green Spark has decided therefore to install a pilot project to demonstrate for Oil and Gas Operators, Green Mobility.
The contest is challenging for the most popular Green Mobility solutions (BEV and FCEV), therefore we hope with this study and with the implementation of the Pilot Project to provide a concrete opportunity for Oil and Gas Operators to consider the Green Mobility as an easy achievable target to perform their business in a more sustainable environment.
A comparison between performance of BEV and FCEV will be part of our study, covering the concerns may emerge from the climatic of West Kazakhstan with very long and rigid winters.
Integration of a Production Optimization System with Intelligent Well Surveillance for an Effective Reservoir Management in Abu Dhabi Field
Authors: Al Jawhari M. O , Bazuhair A. K , Lopez J. E. , Alqemzi M. , Cremades P. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the world of petroleum engineering, maximizing oil and gas production minimizing operational costs and environmental impact is a constant challenge. To meet these objectives, production optimization systems have emerged as a critical tool in the industry. These sophisticated software solutions leverage advanced data analytics, machine learning, and artificial intelligence to improve the efficiency, safety, and profitability of oil and gas production operations.
During the last decade, ADNOC has leveraged its production growth through implementation of best available technologies and applications, which include data streaming and real time visualization. These, combined with Artificial Intelligence to perform data analytics will provide the tools to develop a Digital Oil Field and unlock opportunities to maximize value.
The strategy of the Oil Companies is aligned with Digital Transformation to get on to the Oil and Gas new trends of optimization, sustainability, and profitability with maximum energy with minimum emissions.
Digital Transformation projects goes beyond automation therefore integrate Big Data, technology, and people to generate value. The implementations should optimize asset management to boost performance and finally under all stages of the projects, one of the focuses is to empower people to make faster and better decisions.
Oil fields with complex-behavior wells or with a big number of wells offer challenges that requires an adequate, opportune, and effective production optimization to reach a sustainable and cost-effective development. A big offshore carbonate field with 43 oil producer wells from different reservoirs distributed in tow islands is one example to address with production optimization tools.
With thousands of measurements acting as model control points, there is a tremendous potential to optimize well performance and have real time updated models for wells and network. Optimization proposals are then provided for further action.
Production Optimization Systems (or Production System Optimization - PSO) are integrated software platforms that enable petroleum engineers and operators to gather, analyze, and visualize data from various sources in real-time. These systems incorporate state-of-the-art algorithms to model reservoir behavior, production rates, and field operations. By analyzing large datasets, they provide actionable insights and suggest strategies to optimize well performance and streamline production processes.
This paper discusses and explore a recent approach of an inhouse developed Production Optimization System used for technical evaluation of well inflow-outflow parameters, sizing of tubulars and accessories and identification of bottlenecks with the key features, and benefits.
Hybrid and Mobile Solar Power for Well Interventions Minicamp in Block 61 Oman
Authors: Al Shidhani T. , Al Juma M. , Al Harrasi S. , Najwani M. A. , Al Shereiqi K. A. , Al Amri K. , Natividad L. , Destremau A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Rig-less well intervention operations, typically including well-works, stimulation and testing (S&T), in bp Block 61 in Oman, normally requires the utilization of diesel-operated engines, such as generators and pumps. This is due to the fact that the nature of these activities call for constant movement from one well site to the other, and hence ease of equipment moveability is paramount to ensure efficient mobilizations. However, the concern with diesel engines is that they generate carbon emissions. As a result, with bp Wells Oman team’s vision to reduce dependency on diesel generators and ultimately reducing emissions, a mobile containerized solar-battery-diesel hybrid power system was implemented.
The rig-less minicamp was identified as one of the main energy consumers in well intervention operations. Conventionally, the minicamp was powered by two diesel generators, one served as primary and the second as back up. Not only did this lead to carbon emissions, but it also created noise pollution for the personnel.
To reduce the dependency on diesel generators in the minicamp, the containerized hybrid power system was introduced. On a single trailer, two containers housed both the solar panels and the battery system. The solar panels were designed in a sense where they could be easily unfolded and folded. This allowed the system to be not only more environmentally friendly, but also remain mobile to be suitable for remote well sites.
The hybrid system was commissioned in December 2021. The cumulative emission savings since then is estimated to be up to 53,500 kg CO2eq. The combination of battery storage and solar panels enabled to completely shut down the diesel generators during daytime hours. Additionally, a great milestone was achieved in November 2022, where the electricity produced from solar, and battery covered 50% of the minicamp energy requirements. In addition to the environmental benefits, the system also provided operational benefits, as the containerized design allowed for easy transport and installation. During 2022, the system was mobilized at least 28 times and commissioned in every new wellsite on average in less than 6 hours. To add to that, the crew welfare was significantly enhanced as the noise produced by diesel generator was eliminated during the day-time hours.
The system was complemented with remote real-time monitoring of its performance. This aided in optimizing its efficiency and identify potential issues. Several lessons learned and improvement opportunities were captured during the implementation of this system.
The purpose of this paper is to detail how the team pushed the operational envelope to introduce this hybrid technology, and share the journey detailing the planning, design, implementation, lessons learned, scalability and improvement opportunities with the target of minimizing carbon emissions in wells operations.
Preparation, Execution, and Associated Challenges for Utilizing the First Successful Closed Loop System Methodology Worldwide in Underbalanced Coiled Tubing Drilling in ADNOC'S Fields
Authors: Osama Mohamed , Sumaida Ali Sulaiman Bin , El Shahat Ayman , Al Mutawa Ahmed , Almazrouei Saeed , Saleh Abdalla , Yousfi Fawad Zain , Almteiri Nama Ali , Baslaib Mohamed , Mantilla Alfonso , Deshmukh Rohit V. , Solaiman Tarek , Abdulsallam Fouad , Ladmia Abdelhak , Rangel Pedro , Rennox John , Cui Shuai , Jumagaliyev Yerlan , Basha Maged 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Due to the declining reservoir pressures in some of its onshore gas carbonate fields, Operator decided upon an initial 3-wells UBCTD, (Underbalanced Coil Tubing Drilling), a campaign in its onshore fields, The objectives of these operations were to evaluate the applicability of the technology in these fields, to understand requirements and methods of the technology and to evaluate the benefits of drilling the target formations in an underbalanced mode.
During the planning phase, the Operator conducted a feasibility study that flagged potential limitations to deploying UBCTD operations in existing wells, due to limitations on the completion design and other factors. All of this resulted in the plan to drill fit-for-purpose wells to the top of the target reservoir to facilitate the deployment of the technique. These wells were completed with 5.5/4.5 in. Tubing and 7 in. Liner and left with a 100ft open hole interval from where CT drilling operations would later continue. The results ofthe feasibility study nevertheless, additional detailed engineering work was performed in all aspects of the design by the operations team to ensure the success of the trial, including a review and validation of the available data and the feasibility to deliver the stated objectives (lateral length, underbalanced conditions, minimal flaring operations, drilling fluid re-circulation, etc.).
As a result of this approach, all three wells were successfully drilled in underbalanced conditions and to the target lateral length of 4,000 ft. Well, placement was facilitated using Biosteering techniques and continuous monitoring of the well performance vs. drilled footage, allowing steering decisions to be made in real-time to maximize the production of each lateral, resulting in outstanding production results of 3x sustainable production of similar wells drilled conventionally, (after stimulation).
This paper describes the key engineering decisions and assumptions taken during the design process, as well as methods applied during the drilling operation to achieve the best well’s performance. The lessons learned from the project will serve as a launching pad for planning and efficiency gains for future UBCTD operations in the region.
New Approach for the Probabilistic Assessment of Organic Matter in the Source Rocks of the Bazhenov Formation for Estimation of Shale Hydrocarbons Resources
Authors: Topchii M. , Bondarev A. , Degterev A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Maps of organic matter distributions are an essential part of the basin modeling process for evaluation of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon resources. This approach has become widespread for both assessment of the initial oil and gas generation potential and final assessment of the resource base. An important step in this method is pyrolysis of the core material, which is carried out in order to assess the geochemical parameters of source rocks. The data can be used to create maps of the distributions of geochemical parameters, such as the organic carbon content, the hydrogen index, the oxygen index, S1,S2,S3, TMax. The accepted assumption regarding the distribution of these parameters determines the entire modeling result and the final generation volumes. It is difficult to overestimate the impact of this process on the result of assessing the prospects for both traditional and shale hydrocarbons. However, a lot of uncertainty is associated with interpolation of parameters analyzed in wells into the interwell space because different interpolation methods give fundamentally different results. Deterministic interpolation methods are limited because of their nature and thus cannot be used for probabilistic estimation, so they are not considered in this work. There are two interpolation methods that can perform this process in a multivariate form: the geostatistical approach (SGS, GRFS) and the new Amazonas method, which integrates elements of artificial intellect.
The stochastic approach to modeling has the undeniable advantages of estimating probabilities, and it includes uncertainties, which demonstrates the general idea more clearly. In most geology-related fields, the deterministic approach is gradually fading into the background, giving way to stochastic methods.
This article considers a comparison of the SGS and Amazonas methods, their prerequisites and limitations, advantages and disadvantages using the example of a database of geochemical measurements of the Bazhenov source rock data. The results of modeling by both methods are shown in this work along with the issues of statistical stability of the results.
The geostatistical approach in interpolation has been used for decades. It has a simple and understandable operating principle, but there are several fundamental limitations. These limitations are associated with the assumption of stationarity of the random variable under study. The proposed Amazonas method also offers a simple and understandable way to calculate the quantity being analyzed at each point in space. However, the latter does not have the limitations of the geostatistical approach. Besides, this method does not require the condition of stationarity for the quantity being analyzed and is also capable, depending on the settings, of reproducing both smooth and abrupt transitions.
An Overview of Monitoring and Surveillance Technologies for Geothermal Systems
Authors: Alzayani Alia , Al-Qasim Abdulaziz , Birkle Peter , Al-Muhaideb Abdullah 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
One of the main drivers for climate change is greenhouse emission caused by burning fossil fuels. In order to combat climate change, geothermal energy represents a renewable and sustainable energy alternative. Geothermal power stations can reach a capacity of 1,500 MW with minimal effects on CO2- triggered climatic changes. In order to assure peak performance, avert catastrophes, and reduce environmental effects, geothermal systems must be continuously monitored and maintained under surveillance.
Recent developments in monitoring and surveillance technologies have made it possible to monitor geothermal systems in real-time, giving important insights into their operation and enabling the early identification of potential concerns. These include seismic networks, piezometer, geochemical, gravity measurements, tracer tests, corrosion probes, and fiber optics. This paper provides an overview of the state-of-the-art monitoring and surveillance technologies for geothermal systems used for electricity generation. The paper also includes case studies of monitoring and surveillance systems used on various geothermal applications. For instance, The Geysers power plant (U.S.A.) and Larderello power plant (Italy) will provide insights on successful monitoring and surveillance practices.
The paper draws following conclusions from literature review and case studies: monitoring and surveillance technologies are essential for the effective and secure operation of geothermal system. The results can be used to develop and refine geothermal reservoir simulation models. Furthermore, these technologies are essential for early detection of corrosion processes, which are common in operating geothermal systems. Additionally, the monitoring of geothermal systems enhances the understanding on its impact on the environment, such as triggered hydraulic connectivity to shallow groundwater resources or land subsidence. Further study and development in the field of monitoring and surveillance technologies can significantly enhance the performance, dependability, and sustainability of geothermal systems. In particular, this paper introduces types of sensors and monitoring systems utilized in geothermal applications, difficulties and constraints associated with monitoring and surveillance in geothermal systems, and the possibilities for further research and development in this field.
Digitalisation in Marine Logistics - Leveraging Marine Logistics Software to Optimize Operations and Reduce Carbon Emissions in the Maritime Logistics Industry
Authors: Watson Mike 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This white paper examines the current environmental impact of the maritime industry and the role of logistics operations in contributing to carbon emissions. It highlights the urgent need for sustainable practices and introduces the capabilities of marine logistics software in optimizing operations to reduce emissions. This paper aims to provide insights and recommendations to stakeholders in the maritime sector to embrace digital solutions and achieve environmental sustainability. This paper recommendsoffshore operators embrace marine logistics software and collaborate with technology providers to transform their operations, reduce carbon emissions, and contribute to a greener and more sustainable future.
ESG Strategies in the Oil and Gas Industry from the Maritime & Logistics Perspective - Opportunities & Risks
Authors: Martto J. , Diaz S. , Hassan B. , Mannan S. , Singh P. , Villasuso F. , Baobaid O. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The global energy sector is shifting towards a more sustainable, environmentally friendly production, and consumption of all energy sources. ESG topics are opening interesting debates about its benefit reflected on the long-term prospects of a company, which takes into consideration businesses’ financial performance, resilience, and the ability to sustain their operations & business continuity during adverse situations.
As it is widely known, stakeholders are requiring more transparency and more substantiated facts in reporting ESG (Environment, Social, and Governance), because what gets measured gets managed in a more efficient manner. Operators are also more focused on energy efficiencies to tackle emissions reduction and satisfy global Climate Change initiatives driven by the Paris Agreement. Currently, ESG is also becoming more marked over longer time horizons, which is playing an integral role in the company valuation, reputation, and the availability and quality of capital that companies are able to access. Today, sustainability & ESG reporting mandates in ADNOC, which is leading a real transition along with other global energy companies.
ADNOC Logistics & Services has started this journey by conducting a benchmark to analyze what other companies or competitors are doing in the sector in terms of ESG standards, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), strategic topics, number of KPIs, and goals. A methodology was created to assess the Group’s material topics & relevant actions to measure progress into a new performance management approach with includes internal and external stakeholders and how the Group can meet their expectations based on the company’s value proposition. Risk management, corporate governance, and market drivers were also key elements considered in the sustainability strategy deployment in terms of accuracy and reliability.
Every shortlisted material topic has perfectly matched the ADNOC sustainability pillars and UN SDGs and principles- (1) Business sustainability, (2) Social & economic contribution, (3) Climate emissions and energy, (4) Environment, (5) Health, safety, and security, and (6) Workforce, diversity & development. This framework allowed the team to define a roadmap with specific actions based on relevant priorities and redefine its sustainability KPIs on a broader scope, and targets.
Achieving ESG targets requires collaboration between industry, service companies, regulators (e.g., IMO- International Maritime Organization), and governments. Therefore, the UAE sustainability plans, ADNOC sustainability pillars, and IMO stricter regulations are incentivizing the sector to meet ambitious goals by 2030 and 2050. Climate change and social topics are now driving a steady increase in reporting and assessment activities towards net-zero targets, and more diversity & inclusion practices. All these elements are making ESG a real enabler for the ADNOC growth and sustainability plans.
Installation of Bridges in Offshore Brownfield Projects - Challenges & Mitigations
Authors: Thomas Digin , Varghese Cibu , Kamal Faris Ragheb 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To support strategies for energy production, the expansion of existing offshore facilities and the development of new facilities will be necessary. Bridges play a vital role in enabling these expansions. During complex upgrade processes, additional facilities like personal accommodation platforms, drilling platforms, separation platforms, compression platforms, water handling platforms, and gas platforms will be installed and connected through offshore bridges. These connections will facilitate the sharing of utilities and work systems, both among the existing facilities and the new ones. It is important to emphasize that these developments are complex in nature, involving significant interactions between the brownfield and greenfield sectors.
Contractor recently completed an installation project in Indian waters, which involved connecting existing and newly constructed platforms with bridges. The conventional method of installing bridges from the top was not feasible in this case. This was due to the existing topside helideck extending beyond the stabbing location, making direct installation of the bridge impossible. The presence of protrusions from facilities such as piping and electrical utilities also limited sideway installation. To overcome these challenges, adjustments were made to the height of the bridge stabbing pin to increase clearance between the cellar deck (final location) and the helideck. Installation aids in the form of carefully positioned guides and bumpers at the cellar deck level were used to prevent the bridge from moving towards the existing platform, ensuring the protection of piping and facilities from potential impacts. Additionally, specific rigging techniques were employed to induce a tilt on the stabbing pin side of the bridge. A fork-type guide was provided on the bridge to engage with the bumper on the existing platform, allowing for rotation and lowering by aligning the bridge with the bumper on the new platform. Rigorous clash checks using 3D models of the bridges and platforms were conducted at all stages of the installation process. The installation weather window was determined through analysis if required, considering the available clearances.
This paper aims to highlight the significant challenges associated with the installation of offshore bridges on typical brownfield projects and explores potential mitigations to overcome these challenges.
Molecular fingerprinting of biological nanoparticles with a label-free optofluidic platform
Authors: Arroyo Jaime Ortega , Stollmann Alexia , Garcia-Guirado Jose , Hong Jae-Sang , Im Hyungsoon , Lee Hakho , Quidant Romain 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Label-free detecting multiple analytes in a high-throughput fashion has been one of the long-sought goals in biosensing applications. Yet, for all-optical approaches, interfacing state-of-the-art label-free techniques with microfluidics tools that can process small volumes of sample with high throughput, and with surface chemistry that grants analyte specificity, poses a critical challenge to date. Here, we introduce an optofluidic platform that brings together state-of-the-art digital holography with PDMS microfluidics by using supported lipid bilayers as a surface chemistry building block to integrate both technologies. Specifically, this platform fingerprints heterogeneous biological nanoparticle populations via a multiplexed label-free immunoaffinity assay with single particle sensitivity. Herein, we first thoroughly characterise the robustness and performance of the platform, and then apply it to profile four distinct ovarian cell-derived extracellular vesicle populations over a panel of surface protein biomarkers, thus developing a unique biomarker fingerprint for each cell line. We foresee that our approach will find many applications where routine and multiplexed characterisation of biological nanoparticles is required.