bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the relation of CMIP6 GCMs errors at RCM driving boundary condition zones and inner domain for Central Europe region
Authors: Holtanová Eva , Belda Michal , Crespo Natália Machado , Halenka Tomáš 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Global climate models (GCMs) are important tools for studying the climate system and climate change projections. Due to their coarse spatial resolution, downscaling is necessary on regional scale. Regional climate models (RCMs) represent a common solution for this issue. Nevertheless, outputs of RCMs are influenced by the boundary conditions provided by GCMs. This study evaluates CMIP6 GCMs regarding the variables relevant as RCM boundary conditions. Special focus is on the simulation of CNRM-ESM2-1, which is being used as a driving model for convection-permitting Aladin-Climate/CZ RCM, used as one source feeding new Czech climate change scenarios. The analysis is conducted over the boundaries and inside the RCM integration domain. Firstly, an evaluation of CFSR and ERA5 reanalyses against radiosondes is performed in order to choose an appropriate reference dataset for upper air variables. Revealed high correlation between both reanalysis and radiosondes slightly decreases at the most upper tropospheric levels. ERA5 is then chosen as the reference for the boundary analysis. Over the inner domain, simulated mean annual cycle of impact-relevant variables is validated against E-OBS. The CNRM-ESM2-1 performs well in terms of near-surface variables over the Czech Republic, but it exhibits larger errors along the boundaries, especially for air temperature and specific humidity. Weak statistical relationship between the GCM performance over the boundaries in the upper levels and over the inner domain suggests that the nested RCM simulation does not necessarily have to be influenced by the biases in the driving data.
Malignant Transformation of Primary Spinal Teratoma with Intracranial Metastasis: A Case Report and review of the literature
Authors: Yang Liu , Liu Bo , Tan Xuanyu , Shan Peilin , Feng Junjie , Yu Bo , xu Songbai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Primary spinal teratoma is a rare disease, and there have been no reported cases of malignant transformation in the literature. We present a case of a 66-year-old female patient who had been experiencing numbness in her right lower limb. The patient underwent surgical resection. The pathological report confirmed a mature teratoma. However, at the 7th month after the surgery, the patient's tumor has recurred, leading to a second surgery. Postoperative pathology revealed malignant transformation of the teratoma into squamous carcinoma. Four months after the second surgery, the patient developed symptoms such as dizziness and vomiting. Head magnetic resonance imaging indicated multiple intracranial metastases. By summarizing the reports on this case and relevant literature, the aim is to provide corresponding guidance for clinical physicians.
Does Full Waveform Inversion Benefit from Big Data?
Authors: Jin Peng , Feng Yinan , Feng Shihang , Wang Hanchen , Chen Yinpeng , Consolvo Benjamin , Liu Zicheng , Lin Youzuo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This paper investigates the impact of big data on deep learning models to help solve the full waveform inversion (FWI) problem. While it is well known that big data can boost the performance of deep learning models in many tasks, its effectiveness has not been validated for FWI. To address this gap, we present an empirical study that investigates how deep learning models in FWI behave when trained on OpenFWI, a collection of large-scale, multi-structural, synthetic datasets published recently. In particular, we train and evaluate the FWI models on a combination of 10 2D subsets in OpenFWI that contain 470K pairs of seismic data and velocity maps in total. Our experiments demonstrate that larger datasets lead to better performance and generalization of deep learning models for FWI. We further demonstrate that model capacity needs to scale in accordance with data size for optimal improvement.
Multi-indexed poly-Bernoulli numbers
Authors: Baba Yuna , Nakasuji Maki , Sakata Mika 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
As properties of poly-Bernoulli numbers, a number of formulas such as the duality formula, an explicit formula using the Stirling numbers of the second kind, and a periodicity for negative upper-index have been established.For the multi-indexed poly-Bernoulli numbers generalized by Kaneko-Tsumura, among such properties only the duality formula has been obtained. In this paper, we restrict the double-indexed poly-Bernoulli numbers and show an explicit formula using the Stirling numbers of the second kind and a periodicity for the negative upper-index for this restriction.Further, we define a variant of multi-indexed poly-Bernoulli numbers using the star-version of multiple polylogarithms and write this kind of double or triple-indexed poly-Bernoulli numbers in terms of original multi-indexed poly-Bernoulli numbers.
MSC Classification: 11M68
Discrete state-dependent profiles of increased CX3CL1 in cerebrospinal fluid and serum t-Tau elevations in migraine: results from a cross-sectional case-control study
Authors: Süße Marie , Kloetzer Christine , Strauß Sebastian , Ruhnau Johanna , Overweem Lucas Hendrik , Bendig Merle , Schulze Juliane , Reuter Uwe , Vogelgesang Antje , Fleischmann Robert 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background & Objectives: To date, migraine is diagnosed exclusively based on clinical criteria, but fluid biomarkers are desirable to gain insight into pathophysiological processes and inform clinical management. We investigated the state-dependent profile of fluid biomarkers for neuroaxonal damage and microglial activation as two potentially relevant aspects in human migraine pathophysiology.
Methods: This exploratory study included serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients with migraine during the headache phase (ictally) (n=23), between attacks (interictally) (n=16), and age/sex-matched controls (n=19). Total Tau (t-Tau) protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), and neurofilament light chain (NfL) were measured with the Neurology 4-plex kit on a Single Molecule Array SR-X Analyzer (Simoa® SR-X, Quanterix Corp., Lexington, MA). Markers of microglial activation, C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1) and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2), were assessed using an immunoassay.
Results: Concentrations of CX3CL1 but not sTREM2 were significantly increased both ictally and interictally in CSF but not in serum in comparison to the control cohort (p=0.039). ROC curve analysis provided an AUC of 0.699 (95% CI 0.563 to 0.813, p=0.007). T-Tau in serum but not in CSF was significantly increased in samples from patients taken during the headache phase, but not interictally (effect size: η²=0.121, p=0.038). ROC analysis of t-Tau protein in serum between ictal and interictal collected samples provided an AUC of 0.729 (95% CI 0.558 to 0.861, p=0.006). The other determined biomarkers for axonal damage were not significantly different between the cohorts in either serum or CSF.
Discussion: CX3CL1 in CSF is a novel potential fluid biomarker of migraine that is unrelated to the headache status. Serum t-Tau is linked to the headache phase but not interictal migraine. These data need to be confirmed in a larger hypothesis-driven prospective study.
Targeting tumor differentiation grade-related genes prognostic signature including COL5A1 based on single-cell RNA-seq in gastric cancer
Authors: Wei Jianming , Gao Xibo , Li Chuan , Liu Jian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Tumor differentiation grade has been shown to be an independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer (GC). Here,we report a novel tumor differentiation grade-related genes signature to predict prognosis and provide new biomarkers in GC.
Methods
ScRNA-seq profiles of GC were analyzed by seurat package. Core modules and key genes related to tumor differentiation grade were identified through a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. A prognostic signature associated with tumor differentiation grade module including COL5A1 was constructed in GC and validated.
Results
We identified the single-cell expression profiling and revealed the cell differentiation, cell clusters, marker genes in GC. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from cell transition trajectory were mainly enriched in neutrophil process. Integrating clinical factors in GC, WGCNA analysis indicated that tumor differentiation grade module was the most significant. We established and validated this signature based on ten tumor differentiation grade-related genes (TNFAIP2, MAGEA3, CXCR4, COL1A1, FN1, VCAN, PXDN, COL5A1, MUC13 and RGS2). Cox regression analysis showed that age, TNM stage and the risk score were significantly associated with prognosis. And then, these genes could predict prognosis in GC. Finally, the hub gene COL5A1 was a prognostic factor, and obviously correlated with B cells memory, dendritic cells activated, macrophages M0, macrophages M2, plasma cells, T cells follicular helper in GC.
Conclusions This study reveals a novel tumor differentiation grade-related genes signature predicting prognosis in GC, and COL5A1 represents a promising biomarker for GC immunotherapy.
Feasibility Test of Personalized (N-of-1) Trials for Increasing Middle-Aged and Older Adults’ Physical Activity
Authors: Friel EdD Ciarán P. , Goodwin Ashley M. , Robles MPH Patrick L. , Butler Mark J. , Pahlevan-Ibrekic Challace , Duer-Hefele Joan , Vicari Frank , Gordon MPH Samantha , Chandereng Thevaa , Cheung Ying Kuen (Ken) , Davidson  
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose
To test the feasibility of a remotely-delivered intervention to increase low-intensity physical activity (walking) in middle-aged and older adults.
Design
This study used a Personalized (N-of-1) trial design.
Setting
This study took place at a major healthcare system from November 2021 to February 2022.
Subjects
Sixty adults (45–75 years, 92% female, 80% white) were recruited.
Intervention
A 10-week study comprising a 2-week baseline, followed by four 2-week periods where 4 Behavior Change Techniques (BCTs) - self-monitoring, goal setting, action planning and feedback - were delivered one at a time in random order.
Measures
Activity was measured by a Fitbit, and intervention components delivered by email/text. Average daily steps were compared between baseline and intervention. Participants completed satisfaction items derived from the System Usability Scale and reported attitudes and opinions about personalized trials.
Results
Participants rated personalized trial components as feasible and acceptable. Changes in steps between baseline and intervention were not significant, but a large heterogeneity of treatment effects existed, suggesting some participants significantly increased walking while others significantly decreased.
Conclusions
Our intervention was well-accepted but use of BCTs delivered individually did not result in a significant increase in steps. Feasibility and heterogeneity of treatment effects support adopting a personalized trial approach to optimize intervention results.
PersianLLaMA: Towards Building First Persian Large Language Model
Authors: Abbasi Mohammad Amin , Ghafouri Arash , Firouzmandi Mahdi , Naderi Hassan , Bidgoli Behrouz Minaei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Despite the widespread use of the Persian language by millions globally, limited efforts have been made in natural language processing for this language. The use of large language models as effective tools in various natural language processing tasks typically requires extensive textual data and robust hardware resources. Consequently, the scarcity of Persian textual data and the unavailability of powerful hardware resources have hindered the development of large language models for Persian. This paper introduces the first large Persian language model, named PersianLLaMA, trained on a collection of Persian texts and datasets. This foundational model comes in two versions, with 7 and 13 billion parameters, trained on formal and colloquial Persian texts using two different approaches. PersianLLaMA has been evaluated for natural language generation tasks based on the latest evaluation methods, namely using larger language models, and for natural language understanding tasks based on automated machine metrics. The results indicate that PersianLLaMA significantly outperforms its competitors in both understanding and generating Persian text. PersianLLaMA marks an important step in the development of Persian natural language processing and can be a valuable resource for the Persian-speaking community. This large language model can be used for various natural language processing tasks, especially text generation like chatbots, question-answering, machine translation, and text summarization.
Octopus body language: body patterns of Abdopus capricornicus during social interactions.
Authors: Scata Gabriella , Marshall N Justin , Chung Wen-Sung 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Octopus are well known for their rapidly changing and diverse body patterning achieved through combinations of chromatic, textural and postural components. The function of octopus body patterns includes camouflage for prey ambush and predator avoidance, aposematic display to startle intruders and predators and potentially intraspecific communication. However, as many octopus species are often solitary animals, body patterning during intraspecific social interactions are largely unexplored. Here we start addressing this gap in one diurnal reef-dwelling species, Abdopus capricornicus, by providing the first detailed description of the body patterns and associated components expressed during social interactions in captivity. Importantly, this is the first study aimed at disentangling the body patterns used for camouflage from those used for communication. This was achieved by staging dyadic interactions between octopus pairs under controlled conditions in a bare sand environment devoid of rocks or algae. Furthermore, while most studies on octopus interactions focus on reproductive behaviour, here we recorded the body patterns expressed during both intrasexual (e.g. male-male, female-female) and intersexual interactions. We revealed that some body patterns and components are specifically expressed when octopuses are interacting. Furthermore, A. capricornicus shows the richest body patterning repertoire among coastal octopuses studied so far, including 10 body patterns which comprise 27 chromatic, 8 postural and 10 locomotory components. In addition, 19 types of social encounters were identified. We suggest that the complexity of the reef habitat and of the visual stimuli experienced by A. capricornicus, including social cues deriving from frequent interactions, may contribute to its patterning richness.
A simple mechanism for UAV bioaerosol sampling in the lower atmosphere
Authors: Adkins Kevin A. , Li Kevin , Blasko Maximilian N. , Cabrera Jose L. , Neal Blake H. , James Timothy Y. , Hajian-Forooshani Zachary , Brines Shannon , Perfecto Ivette 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Context. Understanding the movement of bioaerosols, such as spores and pollen, through the atmosphere is important for a broad spectrum of landscape research, including agricultural fungal outbreaks and pollen threats to public health. As spores and pollen can be transported in the air over large distances, the use of aircraft has historically played a role in detecting and mapping their presence in the lower atmosphere.Objectives. We present a lower-cost alternative to costly and specialized aircraft and associated equipment that are typically used in the study of spores and pollen in the atmosphere.Methods. We use 3D printable components and common lab supplies mounted on an uncrewed aircraft (UA). Conveniently, this setup does not require additional electronic components to control collection during flight, using the UA landing gear mechanism instead.Results. We demonstrate that this apparatus can collect fungal spores in the atmosphere and describe potential impacts for the environment and experimental protocol on collection efficiency. These include the effects of: 1) competing airflows from UA rotors, flight trajectories, and wind, 2) flight altitude, and 3) agar concentration of the collection medium.Conclusions. Complex biological mechanisms and atmospheric dynamics dictate the release, transport and deposition of bioaerosols. Economical methods to sample bioaerosols in the lower atmosphere can increase the amount and type of data collected and unlock new understanding. The methodology presented here provides an economical method to sample bioaerosols that can help improve landscape-level understanding of the dispersal of bioaerosols.
Procrastination Behaviour and Academic Satisfaction among University Students: The Mediating Role of Self-regulated Learning
Authors: HUANG XIAO , RUSDI FAIRUZ A'DILAH BINTI , YIN JULIA TAN YIN 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This study examines the impact of procrastination on academic satisfaction, with a specific focus on the intermediate influence of self-regulated learning. Three hundred nine undergraduate students at a Chinese university were assessed in this study using a questionnaire. The survey evaluated levels of procrastination, self-regulated learning, and academic satisfaction. The results indicated a strong inverse relationship between procrastination, self-regulated learning, and academic satisfaction. Moreover, the tendency of students to delay tasks was found to be a significant predictor of their ability to govern their learning, which in turn predicted their academic satisfaction. The Bootstrap analysis approach confirmed that self-regulated learning partially mediates the association between procrastination and academic satisfaction. This study offers empirical evidence for the influential mechanisms and internal structural connections between procrastination and academic satisfaction. Furthermore, the findings provide more precise recommendations for teachers and students to improve academic satisfaction.
Combined studies on glazed ceramic bodies from the Middle and Neo Elamite periods (1500-539 BCE)
Authors: Aarab Ali , Cormier Laurent , Firoozmandi Bahman , Gérard Martine 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Elam is the name for a civilization that was closely related to Mesopotamia. Elamites have chosen specialized names for different types of ceramics, which indicates the specialization of the production of ceramic materials during the Elam era. The Elamites were the first people to use glazed ceramics on the Iranian Plateau. In the present study, 34 samples of glazed ceramic bodies from the Middle Elam and New Elam periods were selected for investigation. The purpose of these analyses, obtained from the first glazed ceramic bodies in Iran, was to compare ceramic bodies with each other since this approach can be useful for understanding the types of production techniques used by Elamites in the Middle Elamite and New Elamite periods. For this purpose, ceramic bodies were first studied through X-ray diffraction. Then, according to the mineralogical characteristics, twelve samples were selected for petrographic study. As the chemical composition of the samples is an important parameter for characterizing these materials, EPMA was also performed on the samples. Based on the experimental data, the samples can be divided into four different groups. What seemed important in this categorization is the variety of Neo-Elamite samples. The diversity of the ceramic bodies of Neo-Elam was due to two main reasons. First, the technique of making glazed ceramic bodies was more diverse during the Neo-Elam period than during the Middle Elam period; second, the trade and import of glazed ceramics from other regions to the southwest of Iran were more frequent during the Neo-Elamite period than during the Middle Elam period. In the Middle Elam era, only quartz-based ceramic bodies were mentioned, which was different from the case for other samples.
Extended Weil representations: the finite field cases
Authors: Wang Chun-Hui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

It is well-known(cf. Weil, Gerardin's works) that there are two different Weil representations of a symplectic group over an odd finite field. By a twisted action, we show that one can reorganize them as a representation of a projective symplectic similitude group. We also discussed the even field case by following Genestier-Lysenko and Gurevich-Hadani's works on geometric Weil representations in characteristic two. As a result, we approach some of their results from the lattice model, which is inspired by MVW, Prasad and Takeda's works.
RETRACTED: Investigation of Mitophagy Relation Genes Expression in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet and Exercised
Authors: Durak Sermin , Sezgin Saadet Busra Aksoyer , Celik Faruk , Yilmazer Yasemin , Cevik Aydin , Kucukhuseyin Ozlem , Yaylim Ilhan , Zeybek Umit 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.