bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscope-Assisted Microsurgery for Posterior Fossa Skull Base Meningioma Surgery: Technique and Results
Authors: Nowak Stephan , Matthes Marc , Baldauf Jörg , Schroeder Henry W. S. 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Surgery of posterior fossa meningiomas is extremely challenging even for experienced skull base surgeons because of the close proximity to cranial nerves and tight spaces. Endoscope-assisted surgery for posterior fossa meningiomas can enable a high degree of tumor resection even when using small approaches. This study describes the advantage of endoscope-assisted microneurosurgery in resection of posterior fossa skull base meningiomas and the clinical outcome.

METHODS:
All endoscope-assisted surgeries for resection of posterior fossa meningiomas performed between 2002 and 2016 in our department were retrospectively analyzed. For data acquisition, the patient files were used. Tumor size and extent of resection were evaluated on pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging. The value of endoscope assistance was assessed according to the intraoperative videos and the surgical notes. Complications and long-term outcomes were evaluated.

RESULTS:
We identified 39 female and 10 male patients. The mean age of the patients at the time of surgery was 55 years, ranging from 25 to 78 years. The mean follow-up was 93.8 months. A total of 41% of the tumors were large to giant. The retrosigmoid approach was used in most patients (45). A gross total resection could be achieved in 38 patients (78%). In 11 patients (22%), a near total resection was performed. In 27 patients (55%), a hidden residual tumor, which could not been visualized with the operating microscope, was identified with the endoscope. In 6 patients (22.2%), the internal auditory canal was visualized, in 9 patients (33.3%), the Meckel's cave was visualized, and in 5 patients (18.5%), both were visualized under endoscope assistance. In 26 of those patients (96.3%), the residual tumor was resected under endoscopic view.

CONCLUSION:
Endoscope-assisted surgery for posterior fossa skull base meningiomas enables a high degree of tumor resection, avoids more invasive skull base approaches, and reduces the amount of cerebellar retraction.
Surgical Ligation of an Indirect Carotid-Cavernous Fistula With Exclusive Retrograde Cortical Venous Drainage: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Alexander A. Yohan , McQuinn Michelle W. , Peris-Celda Maria , Lanzino Giuseppe 
Published: February 2024

Indirect carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are abnormal connections between the cavernous sinus and branches of the internal and external carotid arteries. Indirect CCFs with progressive cortical venous drainage require obliteration to prevent neurological decline secondary to their rupture or progression. While indirect CCFs are often treated with transvenous embolization of their venous outflow through the inferior or superior petrosal sinuses, facial vein, or superior ophthalmic vein, CCFs failing previous embolization may be best treated with surgical ligation.
Here we present the case of a 30-year old woman who, 3 years before presentation to our institution, presented with transient monocular blindness to an outside institution. Catheter angiography revealed a CCF without cortical venous drainage which was partially embolized with coils. Catheter angiography at the 1-year follow-up revealed CCF progression characterized by cortical venous drainage into a right cortical vein, basal temporal vein, and the vein of Labbé. The lesion was treated with partial onyx embolization. Two years later, further evaluation at our institution demonstrated cortical venous ectasia—confirming CCF progression. Though asymptomatic, the risk of neurological decline secondary to progression or rupture of the lesion was high given the progressive cortical venous drainage, and treatment was indicated. As the lesion failed endovascular therapy twice, the patient underwent a right pterional craniotomy for surgical disconnection of the CCF's main draining vein and other fistulous connections. The patient had an uneventful recovery, and postoperative catheter angiography suggested complete obliteration of the lesion. Appropriate consent was obtained for the publication of the cadaver's image. The patient consented to the procedure and video recording.
Health and Environmental Benefits of Riding an Electric Bicycle
Authors: Alessio Helaine M. , Timmerman Kyle L. , Ballard Kevin D. , Reidy Paul T. , Bagg Alexandra M. , Montoye Alexander H.K. 
Published: February 2024

Apply It!
For individuals considering biking as an exercise or mode of active transport, encourage them to try an E-bike. Some cities provide E-bike kiosks for a small fee and some bicycle stores rent E-bikes. Sedentary individuals can use E-bikes as an entry into bicycle riding for health and fitness. The efforts may start low but they can increase effort over time.
Back to the Basics: A Movement Approach Through Active Play
Authors: Zavala David , Kercher Kyle A. , Martinez Kercher Vanessa M. 
Published: February 2024

Apply It!
Through this article, readers will learn about the importance of promoting active play among young children (aged 2–6 years). Readers will gain a better understanding of the complexities of sedentary behavior and how children naturally connect with the fun nature of active play as a way of reducing sedentary behavior and increasing physical activity. Readers will learn about the different forms of active play and will be able to facilitate active play sessions with children.
Reducing the Barriers to Physical Activity with Digital Fitness Interventions
Authors: Reiner Susannah L. , Reed Rachelle 
Published: February 2024

Apply It!
• Explore the landscape of research on digital fitness and its impact on behavior change and physical activity levels.
• Review the various psychosocial barriers to physical activity and the role of social connectedness on digital platforms.
• Understand why and how digital fitness modalities may reduce barriers to physical activity, thus improving behaviors.
Study of the effect of a drug from the macromycetes Ganoderma lucidum on the phagocytic activity of peripheral blood neutrophils in patients with year-round allergic rhinitis
Authors: Bohdanov V. , Gushcha S. 
Published: February 2024

Modern complex therapy of patients with persistent (year-round, chronic) allergic rhinitis (AR), based on the use of antihistamines and intranasal glucocorticosteroids, in many cases is not effective enough, since drug therapy acts only on individual links in the pathogenesis, without preventing the progression of the allergic disease. At the same time, the quantitative and reserve capabilities of neutrophil granulocytes are depleted, which increases the level of antigenic load in patients with AR. The aim of this study is to investigate the phagocytic activity of neutrophils in patients with AR who received basic therapy and patients who received basic therapy and a course of the drug from the macromycetes Ganoderma lucidum "Astmagan". We examined 40 patients of both sexes with AR, the duration of the disease ranged from 6 months to 2 years. Patients were divided into 2 equal groups: The 1st group consisted of patients who received basic therapy (oral Loratadine and intranasal Nasonex). The 2nd group consisted of patients who received basic therapy and a course of "Astmagan". The treatment course lasted 90 days. The control group consisted of 25 healthy individuals. After the treatment, patients in both groups showed a statistically significant positive dynamics of phagocytic system activity: in group 1, the phagocytic index (FI) increased by 30 % (p=0.001), in the second group this indicator reached the normal level. Also, in patients of group 1, the phagocytic number (PN) increased by 35 % (p=0.0001), but did not reach the normal level.
According to the results of comparative evaluation, a greater efficacy of the treatment complex with the additional use of "Astmagan" was established, which is manifested in the restoration of phagocytic activity of peripheral blood neutrophils, the effect persists for 6 months after treatment.
Gestational diabetes – management strategies including pharmacological treatment and lifestyle interventions
Authors: Skóra Adrianna , Hajduk-Maślak Katarzyna , Galasińska Iwona , Michalik Beniamin , Szypuła Aleksandra , Sęk Michał 
Published: February 2024

Diabetes is a chronic disease, characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, resulting from insulin resistance and inadequate insulin production. Among many types of diabetes, gestational diabetes (GDM) is a unique kind, correlated with numerous metabolic changes occurring during pregnancy, it develops around second trimester of the gestation and in most cases resolves after delivery. The prevalence of gestational diabetes is rising globally and becomes a significant public health concern. [48] According to the World’s Health Organization’s classification GDM is, apart from the diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), one of the main clinical forms of carbohydrate metabolism disorders occurring during pregnancy. So far, epidemiological data are ambiguous regarding GDM prevalence, this study estimates GDM frequency at 4–12%. [1] The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the topic of gestational diabetes, its prevalence, risk factors, importance of early detection, methods of glycemia monitoring and management strategies, including lifestyle interventions and pharmacological treatment. Referring to the treatment, it also describes the preparation for pregnancy of people with preexisting DM1 and DM2 and the necessity to modify foregoing management strategies. Furthermore, it describes the most frequent early complications resulting from GDM as well as long-term outcomes for both mother and offspring.
Comprehensive Approach to Diabetic Neuropathy - A Review of the Latest Reports
Authors: Hajduk-Maślak Katarzyna , Skóra Adrianna , Galasińska Iwona , Michalik Beniamin , Szypuła Aleksandra , Sęk Michał 
Published: February 2024

Neuropathy is a damage, disease, or dysfunction of one or more nerves especially of the peripheral nervous system. One of the most common disease causing neuropathy is diabetes mellitus. Diabetic neuropathy is a serious consequence that arises when nerve tissue is damaged by prolonged hyperglycemia. It affects a considerable portion of those who have the disease. This article covers every component of this complexed disease. We will discuss the definition, etiology, risk factors that patients can control and that are uncontrollable, and forms of neuropathies linked to diabetes such as peripheral, autonomic and focal. For more clinical approach signs and symptoms, diagnostic methods which are a mix of clinical evaluations, neurological exams, electrophysiological testing, and, in certain situations, imaging modalities and complicated nature of treating diabetic neuropathy will be explored. Moreover, challenges in treating this disease and future directions and research will be elaborated. What is more it interdisciplinary care will be explored as a key element in addressing complexed nature of diabetic neuropathy. In addition to highlighting the complexity of neuropathy in diabetes mellitus and emphasizing the vital significance of early recognition and specialized interventions for the best possible patient outcomes, the article aims to present a thorough grasp of diabetic neuropathy.
Gut Microbiota and Its Implications for Cardiovascular Diseases – a Review
Authors: Zarębska Julia , Krasnoborska Julia , Samojedny Sylwia , Superson Maciej , Szmyt Katarzyna , Szymańska Katarzyna , Walczak Kamil , Wilk-Trytko Klaudia , Zarębski Łukasz 
Published: February 2024

Background: The symbiotic relationship between the gut microbiota and cardiovascular health has become a main point in contemporary research, offering valuable insights into the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review aims to comprehensively examine the bidirectional communication between gut microbial communities and the cardiovascular system, explaining the intricate mechanisms that connect gut dysbiosis to the initiation and progression of CVDs.
Material and Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to compile and analyze relevant studies investigating the impact of the gut microbiota on cardiovascular health. Emphasis was placed on explaining the molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying the interaction between gut microbes and cardiovascular function.
Results: Our review confirmed evidence linking gut microbiota-derived metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine N-oxide and lipopolysaccharides to vascular function and inflammation. Additionally, we explored the modulation of host metabolism and immune responses by gut microbes, providing insights into their roles in atherosclerosis and hypertension. The review highlight the influence of diet and lifestyle on shaping the gut microbiome and, consequently, cardiovascular outcomes.
Conclusions: Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in cardiovascular health and is involved in the start and development of various heart diseases. The identified molecular and physiological mechanisms highlight the need for complete understanding of the gut-cardiovascular axis. Moreover, the review emphasizes the potential of microbiota-targeted interventions, including probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation, as innovative strategies for preventing and managing CVDs.
Connection between gut microbiota and Anorexia Nervosa. Literature review
Authors: Polańska Paulina , Sokołowska Katarzyna , Kulak Maria , Moreau Igor , Bereza Dawid , Lang Miriam , Woch Barbara 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Anorexia Nervosa (AN) stands as a severe mental disorder characterized by the highest mortality rate within the realm of psychiatric conditions. Its etiology encompasses genetic, neurobiological, environmental, and developmental factors. Recent investigations have shed light on the potential impact of the gut microbiota on the genesis and progression of AN.
Aim of the Study: The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the existing findings on relationship between gut dysbiosis and AN. The intention is to present new perspectives that contribute to a more detailed understanding of the multifaceted nature of this serious disorder.
Description of the State of Knowledge: The gut microbiota takes a central role in modulating various physiological processes. Dysbiosis, which refers to an imbalance in gut microbiota composition, has recently drawn attention because of its association with several mental disorders. In the context of AN, studies have shown reduced microbial diversity and notable changes in specific bacterial populations. The influence of the gut microbiota on AN includes disturbances in the digestive system, changes in eating behaviours, and associations with related conditions such as anxiety and depression. Mechanisms such as the gut-brain axis, hormonal regulation and molecular mimicry contribute to these associations.
Conclusions: Recognition of the pivotal role played by the gut microbiota in AN opens up avenues for potential therapeutic interventions. Pro- and prebiotics, along with fecal transplantation, emerge as promising modalities in the treatment of AN. Ongoing research is essential to further elucidate this evolving field, ultimately facilitating the development of targeted interventions for individuals with AN.
Optimization analysis of a Stokes polarimeter for broadband liquid crystal variable retarders under the optimal objective function
Authors: Chang Lingying , Li Jiayi , Zhang Youbiao , Yin Yuping , Liu Jingyi 
Published: February 2024

A liquid crystal variable retarder (LCVR) is the core device to realize fast and high-precision broadband polarization imaging, and its ability to suppress the noise will have an impact on the polarization measurement results. In order to obtain better imaging quality and measurement accuracy, it is crucial to solve the optimization problem of the LCVR. In this paper, the optimal objective function for solving the optimization problem of the LCVR is analytically derived and verified based on the genetic algorithm in the band range of 350–700 nm. Meanwhile, considering that the minimum number of four measurements at this time cannot achieve the optimal state, the relationship between the number of measurements and the overall performance relative to the error propagation (optimized conditions number) is discussed. The results show that a better optimal set of angles can be obtained by using the optimal objective function. In this paper, a set of the most favorable angles is obtained, and the optimized average of the CN is 2.0000, which is reduced by 0.32% compared with previous optimization results and is closer to the ideal value of the CN. In addition, in this paper, the noise immunity of the set of most favorable angles is simulated and analyzed, and the optimized system can effectively improve the measured performance of the wide-band liquid crystal variable retarder polarimeter.
Age-dependent ventilator-induced lung injury: Mathematical modeling, experimental data, and statistical analysis
Authors: Hay Quintessa , Grubb Christopher , Minucci Sarah , Valentine Michael S. , Van Mullekom Jennifer , Heise Rebecca L. , Reynolds Angela M. 
Published: February 2024

A variety of pulmonary insults can prompt the need for life-saving mechanical ventilation; however, misuse, prolonged use, or an excessive inflammatory response, can result in ventilator-induced lung injury. Past research has observed an increased instance of respiratory distress in older patients and differences in the inflammatory response. To address this, we performed high pressure ventilation on young (2-3 months) and old (20-25 months) mice for 2 hours and collected data for macrophage phenotypes and lung tissue integrity. Large differences in macrophage activation at baseline and airspace enlargement after ventilation were observed in the old mice. The experimental data was used to determine plausible trajectories for a mathematical model of the inflammatory response to lung injury which includes variables for the innate inflammatory cells and mediators, epithelial cells in varying states, and repair mediators.
Classification methods were used to identify influential parameters separating the parameter sets associated with the young or old data and separating the response to ventilation, which was measured by changes in the epithelial state variables. Classification methods ranked parameters involved in repair and damage to the epithelial cells and those associated with classically activated macrophages to be influential.
Sensitivity results were used to determine candidate in-silico interventions and these interventions were most impact for transients associated with the old data, specifically those with poorer lung health prior to ventilation. Model results identified dynamics involved in M1 macrophages as a focus for further research, potentially driving the age-dependent differences in all macrophage phenotypes. The model also supported the pro-inflammatory response as a potential indicator of age-dependent differences in response to ventilation. This mathematical model can serve as a baseline model for incorporating other pulmonary injuries.
Improved Competitive Neural Network for Classification of Human Postures Based on Data fom RGB-D Sensors
Authors: Dutta Vibekananda , Cydejko Jakub , Zielinska Teresa 
Published: February 2024

The cognitive goal of this paper is to assess whether marker‐less motion capture systems provide sufficient data to recognize human postures in the side view. The research goal is to develop a new posture classification method that allows for analysing human activities using data recorded by RGB‐D sensors. The method is insensi tive to recorded activity duration and gives satisfactory results for the sagittal plane. An improved competitive Neural Network (cNN) was used. The method of preprocessing the data is first discussed. Then, a method for classifying human postures is presented. Finally, classification quality using various distance metrics is assessed.The data sets covering the selection of human activities have been created. Postures typical for these activities have been identified using the classifying neural network. The classification quality obtained using the proposed cNN network and two other popular neural networks were compared. The results confirmed the advantage of cNN network. The developed method makes it possible to recognize human postures by observing movement in the sagittal plane.
Adaptation to full weight‐bearing following disuse in rats: The impact of biological sex on musculoskeletal recovery
Authors: Issertine Margot , Rosa‐Caldwell Megan E. , Sung Dong‐Min , Bouxsein Mary L. , Rutkove Seward B. , Mortreux Marie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith the technological advances made to expand space exploration, astronauts will spend extended amounts of time in space before returning to Earth. This situation of unloading and reloading influences human physiology, and readaptation to full weight‐bearing may significantly impact astronauts' health. On Earth, similar situations can be observed in patients who are bedridden or suffer from sport‐related injuries. However, our knowledge of male physiology far exceeds our knowledge of female's, which creates an important gap that needs to be addressed to understand the sex‐based differences regarding musculoskeletal adaptation to unloading and reloading, necessary to preserve health of both sexes. Using a ground‐based model of total unloading for 14 days and reloading at full weight‐bearing for 7 days rats, we aimed to compare the musculoskeletal adaptations between males and females. Our results reveal the existence of significant differences. Indeed, males experienced bone loss both during the unloading and the reloading period while females did not. During simulated microgravity, males and females showed comparable muscle deconditioning with a significant decline in rear paw grip strength. However, after 7 days of recovery, muscle strength improved. Additionally, sex‐based differences in myofiber size existing at baseline are significantly reduced or eliminated following unloading and recovery.
The violence of literature review and the imperative to ask new questions
Authors: Tupas Ruanni , Tarrayo Veronico N. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Writing the literature review is not a neutral act. In fact, the key central aim of consolidating work in a particular research area is to demonstrate one’s knowledge of this area; that is, one must know the ‘conversations’ concerning the research topic. Literature review becomes violent in the Bourdieusian sense because it imposes particular configurations of privileged knowledge on researchers. Thus, in this paper, we argue that literature review is an enactment of symbolic violence and, in the process, epistemic theft, and central to this practice is the construction of research questions. Literature review, as a site of scholarly conversations, dictates the kinds of questions we ask, thus unwittingly framing our research according to the epistemic demands of past and recent studies. By asking a different set of questions, ‘new’ or different understandings about certain social phenomena may emerge.