bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
N6‐Methyladenosine reader HNRNPC‐mediated downregulation of circITCH prevents miR‐224‐3p sequestering and contributes to tumorigenesis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Qiang , Song Wei , Li Xianhui , Lin Jinyan , Zhu Chuansai , Cao Longhe , Li Wanqing , Lin Sen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundN6‐Methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation modulators are implicated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) stimulate/inhibit the development of NPC by sponging microRNAs (miRNAs). Herein, m6A modifications affecting the circRNA/miRNA axis in NPC were explored.MethodsTwenty prognostic m6A RNA methylation regulators were identified from 504 head/neck squamous cell carcinoma and 44 normal samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Differentially expressed miRNAs were screened from the TCGA and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. RNA‐binding protein (RBP)–circRNA and circRNA–miRNA interactive pairs were verified using RBPmap and RNAhybrid, respectively. The RBP/circRNA/miRNA network was constructed using Cytoscape. Furthermore, CircITCH (hsa_circ_00059948), HNRNPC, and miR‐224‐3p expressions were detected by western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The role of circITCH in NPC was examined using apoptosis, scratch wound healing, transwell invasion, and cell counting kit‐8 assays. Finally, CircITCH–miR‐224‐3p and circITCH–HNRNPC interactions were assessed by dual‐luciferase reporter and RNA‐immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays, respectively.ResultsBioinformatics analysis revealed that high pathological grade, late‐stage tumors, and low survival were associated with increased HNRNPC expression. MiR‐224‐3p was upregulated in NPC and sequestered by circITCH. Construction of the RBP/circRNA/miRNA network highlighted the HNRNPC/circITCH/miR‐224‐3p axis. In vitro experiments demonstrated decreased circITCH expression and increased HNRNPC and miR‐224‐3p expressions in NPC. In NPC cells overexpressing circITCH, HNRNPC and miR‐224‐3p expressions were significantly decreased. Dual‐luciferase assays demonstrated a targeting relationship between circITCH and miR‐224‐3p, and RIP assays demonstrated interaction of HNRNPC targets with circITCH.ConclusionCircITCH overexpression inhibited NPC progression by sequestering miR‐224‐3p, and HNRNPC reduced circITCH expression through direct interaction.
Clinico‐pathologic profile and outcomes of pediatric endocrine patients managed by endocrine surgeons: Experience over three decades in a tertiary center in India
Authors: Vikram Sharanappa , Mishra Anjali , Bhatia Vijayalakshmi , Mayilvagnan Sabaretnam , Chand Gyan , Agarwal Gaurav , Agarwal Amit , Dabadghao Preeti , Mishra Saroj Kanta 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundPediatric endocrine disorders requiring surgical intervention are rare and so are experienced surgeons dealing with these. The aim of the current study was to investigate disease profile and perioperative outcome of pediatric patients with surgical endocrine disorders in an endocrine surgery unit.MethodsThis retrospective study (Sep 1989–Aug 2019) consisted of pediatric endocrine surgery patients (<18 years) who were managed by a team of pediatric endocrinologists and endocrine surgeons at our center. Patients were divided into three cohorts consisting of a decade each. Clinico‐pathologic variables, perioperative events operative and follow‐up details were recorded.ResultsA total of 332 children were included and their mean age was 14.6 ± 3.9 years (M:F = 1:1.6). Thyroid disorders were most prevalent (59.8%), followed by adrenal (28.2%), parathyroid (10.4%), and pancreas (1.5%). Incidence of benign, malignant, and congenital/developmental disorders were 65.4, 28.1 and 8.3, respectively. Familial association was observed in 8.9% children, which is highest among pheochromocytoma patients. Overall, 201 thyroidectomies + associated procedures, 35 parathyroidectomies, 96 adrenal and paraganglioma resections, and 5 pancreatic procedures were performed. Median hospital stay was 5.6 ± 4.1 days. The number of cases increased significantly over 3 decades. Clinical profile and outcome did not vary except for significant decrease in incidence of malignant pathology (p = 0.04) and increase in VHL cases (p = 0.04) in the last decade though overall increase in familial cases was nonsignificant (p = 0.11). No perioperative mortality was observed except for 3% after adrenalectomy.ConclusionA team of dedicated endocrine surgeons and pediatric endocrinologists is effective in management of pediatric endocrine surgery.
Die simulierte Werkzeugmaschine, ein Rückblick
Authors: Pritschow† Günter , Verl Alexander , Röck Sascha , Scheifele Christian 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag zitiert in Teilen eine Veröffentlichung, die im Jahre 2003 auf dem Fertigungstechnischen Kolloquium (FTK) der Gesellschaft für Fertigungstechnik in Stuttgart von Prof. Dr.-Ing. Günter Pritschow et al. präsentiert wurde [1]. Zu dieser Zeit war die durchgängige Simulation von Maschinen und Anlagen eines der Trendthemen im modernen Maschinenbau mit der sich die gesamte Branche auseinandersetzte. Was heute als etablierte Technologie in vielen Entwicklungsbereichen nicht mehr wegzudenken ist, steckte damals noch in den Anfängen und war thematischer Bestandteil in zahlreichen Forschungsprojekten an den produktionstechnischen Instituten deutscher Universitäten.Dieser Beitrag soll einen Blick in die Vergangenheit werfen und einen Überblick über die Anforderungen an die Simulationstechnik im Produktionsmaschinenbau jener Zeit geben.
Nutzen von Digitalen Zwillingen und Virtueller Inbetriebnahme für den Maschinen- und Anlagenbau
Authors: Kübler Karl , Jaensch Florian , Daniel Christian , Verl Alexander 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungNoch vor der technischen Realisierung der Virtuellen Inbetriebnahme und von Digitalen Zwillingen ist die Betrachtung von deren Nutzen für den industriellen Einsatz im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau von hoher Relevanz. Sobald eine vorausgehende Investition getätigt werden muss, sollte vorab geklärt werden können, wie sich diese bezahlt machen kann. In diesem Beitrag werden dazu die Nutzenpotenziale der Virtuellen Inbetriebnahme und Digitaler Zwillinge für die verschiedenen Rollen entlang der Wertschöpfungsketten im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau dargelegt. Basierend auf dem „Leitfaden Virtuelle Inbetriebnahme“ des VDMA (Verband Deutscher Maschinen- und Anlagenbau e. V.) wird zusammengefasst, welche Rollen in den Wertschöpfungsketten beteiligt sind und wie deren qualitative und quantitative Nutzen durch Einführung der Virtuellen Inbetriebnahme aussehen. Im letzten Abschnitt dieses Beitrages werden Praxisbeispiele eines Anlagenbetreibers für die Automobilfertigung und eines Anlagenbauers für die Holzbearbeitung aus den „Best Practices zur Virtuellen Inbetriebnahme“ des VDMA rezitiert und die Nutzung einer digitalen Austauschplattform betrachtet.
Glucosylceramide in bunyavirus particles is essential for virus binding to host cells
Authors: Uckeley Zina M. , Duboeuf Maëva , Gu Yu , Erny Alexandra , Mazelier Magalie , Lüchtenborg Christian , Winter Sophie L. , Schad Paulina , Mathieu Cyrille , Koch Jana , Boulant Steeve , Chlanda Petr , Maisse Carine , Brügger Britta , Lozach Pierre-Yves 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHexosylceramides (HexCer) are implicated in the infection process of various pathogens. However, the molecular and cellular functions of HexCer in infectious cycles are poorly understood. Investigating the enveloped virus Uukuniemi (UUKV), a bunyavirus of the Phenuiviridae family, we performed a lipidomic analysis with mass spectrometry and determined the lipidome of both infected cells and derived virions. We found that UUKV alters the processing of HexCer to glycosphingolipids (GSL) in infected cells. The infection resulted in the overexpression of glucosylceramide (GlcCer) synthase (UGCG) and the specific accumulation of GlcCer and its subsequent incorporation into viral progeny. UUKV and several pathogenic bunyaviruses relied on GlcCer in the viral envelope for binding to various host cell types. Overall, our results indicate that GlcCer is a structural determinant of virions crucial for bunyavirus infectivity. This study also highlights the importance of glycolipids on virions in facilitating interactions with host cell receptors and infectious entry of enveloped viruses.
Analysis of Radon Near-Surface Measurements, Using Co-Located Ozone Data, Radio-Sounding Vertical Profiles, Sensible Heat Flux and Back-Trajectory Calculation
Authors: Pitari Giovanni , Curci Gabriele , Rizi Vincenzo , Iarlori Marco , Tuccella Paolo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSimultaneous and co-located observations of near-surface Radon-222, ozone and meteorological parameters in a central Italy observation site operated by the University of L’Aquila (Italy), are used to study the physical drivers of the radon abundance during night-time hours. The knowledge of the potential temperature vertical gradient in the surface layer of nocturnal thermal inversion is made possible using co-located radio-sounding vertical profiles of pressure and temperature, thus making possible to indirectly infer the local surface flux of atmospheric radon (16 ± 6 mBq m−2 s−1). The dynamical removal due to turbulent convective motions is found to be the dominant controlling process, determining large differences in the near-surface radon abundance between stable and unstable conditions of the nocturnal Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL). Usual unstable PBL conditions during daytime hours induce an effective dynamical vertical dilution of surface radon, which rapidly reaches a quasi-steady-state abundance during mid-day and afternoon hours, with very low concentration values (5.1 ± 2.0 Bq m−3). Using back-trajectory reanalyses, estimates of local radon fluxes and vertical mixing efficiencies inside the PBL along the air mass latitudinal-longitudinal path and finally the irreversible radon loss due to radioactive decay, we have explored the fraction of daytime radon attributable to long-range advection in the continental near-mountain measurement site of L’Aquila (44 ± 18%).
Non-target screening in water analysis: recent trends of data evaluation, quality assurance, and their future perspectives
Authors: Vosough Maryam , Schmidt Torsten C. , Renner Gerrit 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis trend article provides an overview of recent advancements in Non-Target Screening (NTS) for water quality assessment, focusing on new methods in data evaluation, qualification, quantification, and quality assurance (QA/QC). It highlights the evolution in NTS data processing, where open-source platforms address challenges in result comparability and data complexity. Advanced chemometrics and machine learning (ML) are pivotal for trend identification and correlation analysis, with a growing emphasis on automated workflows and robust classification models. The article also discusses the rigorous QA/QC measures essential in NTS, such as internal standards, batch effect monitoring, and matrix effect assessment. It examines the progress in quantitative NTS (qNTS), noting advancements in ionization efficiency-based quantification and predictive modeling despite challenges in sample variability and analytical standards. Selected studies illustrate NTS’s role in water analysis, combining high-resolution mass spectrometry with chromatographic techniques for enhanced chemical exposure assessment. The article addresses chemical identification and prioritization challenges, highlighting the integration of database searches and computational tools for efficiency. Finally, the article outlines the future research needs in NTS, including establishing comprehensive guidelines, improving QA/QC measures, and reporting results. It underscores the potential to integrate multivariate chemometrics, AI/ML tools, and multi-way methods into NTS workflows and combine various data sources to understand ecosystem health and protection comprehensively.
Temperature Adaptation of Aquatic Bacterial Community Growth Is Faster in Response to Rising than to Falling Temperature
Authors: Bååth Erland , Kritzberg Emma S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBacteria are key organisms in energy and nutrient cycles, and predicting the effects of temperature change on bacterial activity is important in assessing global change effects. A changing in situ temperature will affect the temperature adaptation of bacterial growth in lake water, both long term in response to global change, and short term in response to seasonal variations. The rate of adaptation may, however, depend on whether temperature is increasing or decreasing, since bacterial growth and turnover scale with temperature. Temperature adaptation was studied for winter (in situ temperature 2.5 °C) and summer communities (16.5 °C) from a temperate lake in Southern Sweden by exposing them to a temperature treatment gradient between 0 and 30 °C in ~ 5 °C increments. This resulted mainly in a temperature increase for the winter and a decrease for the summer community. Temperature adaptation of bacterial community growth was estimated as leucine incorporation using a temperature Sensitivity Index (SI, log growth at 35 °C/4 °C), where higher values indicate adaptation to higher temperatures. High treatment temperatures resulted in higher SI within days for the winter community, resulting in an expected level of community adaptation within 2 weeks. Adaptation for the summer community was also correlated to treatment temperature, but the rate of adaption was slower. Even after 5 weeks, the bacterial community had not fully adapted to the lowest temperature conditions. Thus, during periods of increasing temperature, the bacterial community will rapidly adapt to function optimally, while decreasing temperature may result in long periods of non-optimal functioning.
Rerouting phytosterol degradation pathway for directed androst-1,4-diene-3,17-dione microbial bioconversion
Authors: Ke Xia , Cui Jia-Hao , Ren Qi-Jie , Zheng Tong , Wang Xin-Xin , Liu Zhi-Qiang , Zheng Yu-Guo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Steroid-based drugs are now mainly produced by the microbial transformation of phytosterol, and a two-step bioprocess is adopted to reach high space–time yields, but byproducts are frequently observed during the bioprocessing. In this study, the catabolic switch between the C19- and C22-steroidal subpathways was investigated in resting cells of Mycobacterium neoaurum NRRL B-3805, and a dose-dependent transcriptional response toward the induction of phytosterol with increased concentrations was found in the putative node enzymes including ChoM2, KstD1, OpccR, Sal, and Hsd4A. Aldolase Sal presented a dominant role in the C22 steroidal side-chain cleavage, and the byproduct was eliminated after sequential deletion of opccR and sal. Meanwhile, the molar yield of androst-1,4-diene-3,17-dione (ADD) was increased from 59.4 to 71.3%. With the regard of insufficient activity of rate-limiting enzymes may also cause byproduct accumulation, a chromosomal integration platform for target gene overexpression was established supported by a strong promoter L2 combined with site-specific recombination in the engineered cell. Rate-limiting steps of ADD bioconversion were further characterized and overcome. Overexpression of the kstD1 gene further strengthened the bioconversion from AD to ADD. After subsequential optimization of the bioconversion system, the directed biotransformation route was developed and allowed up to 82.0% molar yield with a space–time yield of 4.22 g·L−1·day−1. The catabolic diversion elements and the genetic overexpression tools as confirmed and developed in present study offer new ideas of M. neoaurum cell factory development for directed biotransformation for C19- and C22-steroidal drug intermediates from phytosterol.

Key points
• Resting cells exhibited a catabolic switch between the C19- and C22-steroidal subpathways.
• The C22-steroidal byproduct was eliminated after sequential deletion of opccR and sal.
• Rate-limiting steps were overcome by promoter engineering and chromosomal integration.
Jetting bubbles observed by x-ray holography at a free-electron laser: internal structure and the effect of non-axisymmetric boundary conditions
Authors: Rosselló Juan M. , Hoeppe Hannes P. , Koch Max , Lechner Christiane , Osterhoff Markus , Vassholz Malte , Hagemann Johannes , Möller Johannes , Scholz Markus , Boesenberg Ulrike , Hallmann Jörg , Kim Chan , Zozulya Alexey , Lu Wei , Shayduk Roman , Madsen Anders , Salditt Tim , Mettin Robert 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this work, we study the jetting dynamics of individual cavitation bubbles using x-ray holographic imaging and high-speed optical shadowgraphy. The bubbles are induced by a focused infrared laser pulse in water near the surface of a flat, circular glass plate, and later probed with ultrashort x-ray pulses produced by an x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL). The holographic imaging can reveal essential information of the bubble interior that would otherwise not be accessible in the optical regime due to obscuration or diffraction. The influence of asymmetric boundary conditions on the jet’s characteristics is analysed for cases where the axial symmetry is perturbed and curved liquid filaments can form inside the cavity. The x-ray images demonstrate that when oblique jets impact the rigid boundary, they produce a non-axisymmetric splash which grows from a moving stagnation point. Additionally, the images reveal the formation of complex gas/liquid structures inside the jetting bubbles that are invisible to standard optical microscopy. The experimental results are analysed with the assistance of full three-dimensional numerical simulations of the Navier–Stokes equations in their compressible formulation, which allow a deeper understanding of the distinctive features observed in the x-ray holographic images. In particular, the effects of varying the dimensionless stand-off distances measured from the initial bubble location to the surface of the solid plate and also to its nearest edge are addressed using both experiments and simulations. A relation between the jet tilting angle and the dimensionless bubble position asymmetry is derived. The present study provides new insights into bubble jetting and demonstrates the potential of x-ray holography for future investigations in this field.
A complicated Chiari type 1 malformation and holocord syrinx as a likely cause for heel pain
Authors: Henderson Robert , Lakshmanan Rahul , McLaughlin Aden , Bangash Omar , Saha Snigdha , Carey-Smith Richard 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Chiari malformations are a rare group of rhomboencephalic abnormalities involving the brain, craniocervical junction and spine. They may manifest in a variety of clinical presentations which relate to the variable involvement of the cerebellum, brainstem, lower cranial nerves, spinal cord and altered CSF flow dynamics.

Method
We report an unusual case of incidental diagnosis of a type I Chiari malformation with secondary cystic cerebellar tonsillar encephalomalacia and holocord syrinx following investigation of a 5YO girl presenting with heel swelling related to progressive neuropathic osteoarthropathy of the posterior calcaneal body and apophysis.

Result
The child was treated with decompressive suboccipital craniectomy and C1 laminectomy and tonsillar resection. Cerebellar tonsillar gliosis and cystic degeneration were confirmed on histopathology. Referral for ongoing engagement with occupational and physical therapy.

Conclusion
Most type I Chiari malformations in the paediatric population are incidental and asymptomatic. Neurological symptoms are typically mild and relate to altered CSF flow dynamics; however, we present a complex case of type I Chiari malformation with an unusual constellation of associated complications.
Spatial variability in stable isotopes from Lesotho surface waters: insights into regional moisture transport
Authors: Fitchett Jennifer M. , Holmes Jonathan A. , Dahms-Verster Simoné , Curtis Christopher J. , Mackay Anson W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPrecipitation in Lesotho is highly spatially variable, a feature of the high altitude and rugged topography. The hydroclimate dynamics, despite being critical to the water security of Lesotho and adjacent South Africa, are poorly understood. Ratios of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in meteoric water are excellent tracers of hydroclimatic processes. This study presents the first analysis of stable isotopes from surface waters in Lesotho, and an investigation into the moisture sources. Our results demonstrate considerable variability in isotope values. There are statistically significant relationships between both oxygen and hydrogen isotopes and the altitude of the site and source of rivers sampled, and with hydrogen isotopes and longitude. The meteoric water line for the Lesotho samples is most closely aligned with that of the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP) station at Harare, in Zimbabwe. The meteoric water line for Windhoek is more closely aligned to the Lesotho samples than the more proximate Cape Town or Pretoria meteoric water lines, which would more closely represent the South African winter- and summer-rainfall zones respectively. HYSPLIT back-trajectory air parcel analysis supports these findings, demonstrating a frequent continental anticyclonic track through southern Zimbabwe. Deuterium excess values vary widely, although are most likely related to processes during moisture transport rather than differences in moisture source. These findings are of particular importance in the context of the future water security of both Lesotho and South Africa, especially as the poleward displacement of the westerly moisture corridor has raised concerns for winter precipitation in the region.
AMO modulation of interdecadal background of persistent heavy rainfall in summer over the Huaihe River Basin
Authors: Yu Jingwen , Li Qingquan , Ding Yihui , Wen Zhiping , Gong Zhiqiang , Sun Xiaoting , Shen Xinyong , Dong Lili 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study used observed rainfall, ERA5 reanalysis, and CMIP6 model datasets to investigate the interdecadal variation and underlying mechanism of persistent heavy rainfall (PHR) over the Huaihe River Basin (HRB) in China during July–August, and to examine the role of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) in modulating such rainfall. The results indicate that PHR over the HRB exhibited a marked interdecadal variation. The interdecadal increase in PHR was found attributable primarily to interdecadal enhancement of ascending motion, which might have been due to external forcing by the AMO. The AMO can trigger upper-tropospheric mid–high-latitude Rossby wave trains that can lead to an upper-tropospheric anticyclone and a lower-tropospheric cyclone configuration over the HRB. Increased warm advection and greater transport of water vapor from lower latitudes, caused by enhanced southerlies in the middle–lower troposphere over the HRB, can also lead to enhanced ascending motion over the HRB. Meanwhile, an anomalous cyclone over northeastern China triggered by AMO can transport cold air from higher latitudes to the HRB, boosting convection and promoting the development and duration of PHR. By affecting sea surface temperature in the western North Pacific Ocean, the AMO can also indirectly cause a meridional teleconnection pattern in the lower troposphere, which increases the transport of water vapor to the HRB. Numerical model experiments can reproduce both the interdecadal variations in PHR and the mechanisms of the influence of the AMO on PHR, providing a reliable foundation for understanding and forecasting PHR over the HRB.