bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early adulthood weight change, midlife “Life’s essential 8” health status and risk of cardiometabolic diseases: a chinese nationwide cohort study
Authors: Cao Qiuyu , Li Mian , Qin Guijun , Yan Li , He Jiang , Xu Min , Xu Yu , Wang Tiange , Chen Yuhong , Wang Shuangyuan , Lin Hong , Zhao Zhiyun , Gao Zhengnan , Zeng Tianshu , Hu Ruying , Yu Xuefeng , Chen Gang , Su Qing , Mu Yiming , Chen Lulu , Tang Xulei , Wan Qin , Wang Guixia , Shen Feixia , Luo Zuojie , Qin Yingfen , Chen Li , Huo Yanan , Li Qiang , Ye Zhen , Zhang Yinfei , Liu Chao , Wang Youmin , Wu Shengli , Yang Tao , Deng Huacong , Zhao Jiajun , Shi Lixin , Ning Guang , Wang Weiqing , Lu Jieli , Bi Yufang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The association between weight change during early adulthood and cardiometabolic diseases remains uncertain in Chinese population. Whether the association varies with comprehensive cardiovascular health (CVH) in midlife assessed by “Life’s Essential 8” has not been characterized. We aim to examine the associations of early adulthood weight change and midlife “Life’s Essential 8” CVH status with cardiometabolic outcomes in a Chinese cohort.

Methods
The study participants were from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4 C) Study. This analysis included 72,610 middle-aged and older participants followed for a median of 3.6 years. At baseline, the participants recalled body weight at age 20 and 40 years, and we calculated change in weight and BMI between 20 and 40 years of age. Health behaviors information in “Life’s Essential 8” was collected by questionnaire, and health factors were measured in the study center. During follow-up, we ascertained incident cardiovascular events based on medical records, and diagnosed incident diabetes according to the American Diabetes Association 2010 criteria.

Results
72,610 study participants were included with a mean age of 56.0 ± 8.8 years and 29% of them were males. Weight gain of more than 10 kg between 20 and 40 years of age was associated with 22% increased risk of incident cardiovascular events (HR: 1.22; 95%CI: 1.04–1.43) and 38% increased risk of diabetes (HR: 1.38; 95%CI: 1.25–1.53) compared to stable weight. Besides, the association of weight gain more than 10 kg in early adulthood with cardiometabolic risk was even stronger in those with low CVH score in midlife (HR: 2.44; 95%CI: 2.01–2.97 for incident cardiovascular events; HR: 2.20; 95%CI: 1.90–2.55 for incident diabetes) or with few ideal cardiovascular health metrics in midlife.

Conclusions
Our study indicated that weight gain in early adulthood was associated with significantly increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. And the association could be stronger in those with poor CVH profiles in midlife. These findings confirmed the significance of weight management during early adulthood and suggested that individuals who experienced substantial weight gain in early life should be encouraged to maintain good CVH status in Chinese population.
Anatomic Variations of Foramen Ovale as a Predictor of Successful Cannulation in Percutaneous Trigeminal Rhizotomies
Authors: Gordon Jonah , Piper Keaton , George Zeegan , Vakharia Kunal , Bezchlibnyk Yarema B. , Van Loveren Harry 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Percutaneous trigeminal rhizotomies are common treatment modalities for medically refractory trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Failure of these procedures is frequently due to surgical inability to cannulate the foramen ovale (FO) and is thought to be due to variations in anatomy. The purpose of this study is to characterize the relationships between anatomic features surrounding FO and investigate the association between anatomic morphology and successful cannulation of FO in patients undergoing percutaneous trigeminal rhizotomy.

METHODS:
A retrospective analysis was conducted of all patients undergoing percutaneous trigeminal rhizotomy for TN at our academic center between January 1, 2010, and July 31, 2022. Preoperative 1-mm thin-cut computed tomography head imaging was accessed to perform measurements surrounding the FO, including inlet width, outlet width, interforaminal distance (a representation of the lateral extent of FO along the middle fossa), and sella–sphenoid angle (a representation of the coronal slope of FO). Mann–Whitney U tests assessed the difference in measurements for patients who succeeded and failed cannulation.

RESULTS:
Among 37 patients who met inclusion criteria, 34 (91.9%) successfully underwent cannulation. Successful cannulation was associated with larger inlet widths (median = 5.87 vs 3.67 mm, U = 6.0, P = .006), larger outlet widths (median = 7.13 vs 5.10 mm, U = 14.0, P = .040), and smaller sella–sphenoid angles (median = 52.00° vs 111.00°, U = 0.0, P < .001). Interforaminal distances were not associated with the ability to cannulate FO surgically.

CONCLUSION:
We have identified morphological characteristics associated with successful cannulation in percutaneous rhizotomies for TN. Preoperative imaging may optimize surgical technique and predict cannulation failure.
Roles of multi-level temperature-adaptive responses and microhabitat variation in establishing distributions of intertidal species
Authors: Dong Yun-Wei 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
How intertidal species survive their harsh environment and how best to evaluate and forecast range shifts in species distribution are two important and closely related questions for intertidal ecologists and global change biologists. Adaptive variation in responses of organisms to environmental change across all levels of biological organization – from behavior to molecular systems – is of key importance in setting distribution patterns, yet studies often neglect the interactions of diverse types of biological variation (e.g. differences in thermal optima owing to genetic and acclimation-induced effects) with environmental variation, notably at the scale of microhabitats. Intertidal species have to cope with extreme and frequently changing thermal stress, and have shown high variation in thermal sensitivities and adaptive responses at different levels of biological organization. Here, I review the physiological and biochemical adaptations of intertidal species to environmental temperature on multiple spatial and temporal scales. With fine-scale datasets for the thermal limits of individuals and for environmental temperature variation at the microhabitat scale, we can map the thermal sensitivity for each individual in different microhabitats, and then scale up the thermal sensitivity analysis to the population level and, finally, to the species level by incorporating physiological traits into species distribution models. These more refined mechanistic models that include consideration of physiological variations have higher predictive power than models that neglect these variations, and they will be crucial to answering the questions posed above concerning adaptive mechanisms and the roles they play in governing distribution patterns in a rapidly changing world.
Overview of the issues and challenges for the conservation-restoration profession in Greece
Authors: Sakki Zoi , Kolyvodiakou Kanelli , Koufopoulos Michael , Oreianou Kalliopi , Siatou Amalia , Goulas Dimitris 
Published: November 2023

Considering that conservation-restoration (CR) has been recognised as a profession for the past 25 years, it is still viewed as a new discipline and there is a constant need to communicate the importance of the work we do for the protection of the national Cultural Heritage (CH). There is still little public awareness for the profession and this has, as an indirect result, its disconsideration.
Conservators-Restorers (CRs) are responsible for safeguarding CH, for past and future generations, and the need for acquired competencies has been well documented over the years. In Greece, the professional CRs are the holders of an EQF-6 degree or higher (Masters, Ph.D), however, the national educational system has created discriminations within this level that hinder their accessibility to the work market and professional development. Additionally, the existence of different educational levels is creating inconsistencies in the working environment.
The legislation for the regulation of the CR profession is well established in connection with the law for the protection of CH. Nevertheless, there are issues and challenges that need to be adjusted, revised and reformed. One of the most important limitations of the CH law is that it only protects objects/monuments prior to 1830, therefore not covering contemporary and modern monuments, allowing for interventions on the latter to be applied by non-CRs. Furthermore, parts of our CH that are not under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Culture and belong to other state or private organisations, remain unprotected and unregulated considering their care and maintenance.
Part of the regulation of the profession is setting the rules and competences for the private sector by appointing a licence to practice CR as a freelancer or contractor. The current version of the law is hindering the accessibility of younger professionals to enter the private sector thus limiting their professional development and requires reformation. Although the legal framework that regulates the CR profession in Greece appears to be strict, it also includes ambiguities and generalities which result in creating signiÞcant inconsistencies. These legal, practical, ethical issues, ACAWA-Gr is trying to resolve. Its mission remains the safeguarding of the profession and the promotion of public awareness on the protection of CH.
Static Pricing for Multi-unit Prophet Inequalities
Authors: Chawla Shuchi , Devanur Nikhil , Lykouris Thodoris 
Published: November 2023

Characterizing the Efficiency of Static Pricing Schemes as a Function of the Supply The problem of selling a supply of k units to a stream of customers constitutes one of the cornerstones in revenue management. Static pricing schemes (that output the same price to all customers) are commonly used because of their simplicity and their many desirable properties; they are anonymous, nonadaptive, and order oblivious. Although the efficiency of those schemes should improve as the supply k increases, prior work has only focused either on algorithms that aim for a constant approximation that is independent of k or on the setting where k becomes really large. In contrast, this paper characterizes the efficiency of static pricing schemes as a function of the supply. Our approach stems from identifying a “sweet spot” between selling enough items and obtaining enough utility from customers with high valuations. Subsequent work shows that our pricing scheme is the optimal static pricing for every value of k.
Prevalence of post-traumatic osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament injury remains high despite advances in surgical techniques
Authors: Liukkonen Rasmus , Vaajala Matias , Mattila Ville M. , Reito Aleksi 
Published: November 2023

AimsThe aim of this study was to report the pooled prevalence of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) and examine whether the risk of developing PTOA after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury has decreased in recent decades.MethodsThe PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched from 1 January 1980 to 11 May 2022. Patient series, observational studies, and clinical trials having reported the prevalence of radiologically confirmed PTOA after ACL injury, with at least a ten-year follow-up, were included. All studies were analyzed simultaneously, and separate analyses of the operative and nonoperative knees were performed. The prevalence of PTOA was calculated separately for each study, and pooled prevalence was reported with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using either a fixed or random effects model. To examine the effect of the year of injury on the prevalence, a logit transformed meta-regression analysis was used with a maximum-likelihood estimator. Results from meta-regression analyses were reported with the unstandardized coefficient (β).ResultsThe pooled prevalence of PTOA was 37.9% (95% CI 32.1 to 44) for operatively treated ACL injuries with a median follow-up of 14.6 years (interquartile range (IQR) 10.6 to 16.7). For nonoperatively treated ACL injuries, the prevalence was 40.5% (95% CI 28.9 to 53.3), with a median of follow-up of 15 years (IQR 11.7 to 20.0). The association between the year of operation and the prevalence of PTOA was weak and imprecise and not related to the choice of treatment (operative β -0.038 (95% CI -0.076 to 0.000) and nonoperative β -0.011 (95% CI -0.101 to 0.079)).ConclusionThe initial injury, irrespective of management, has, by the balance of probability, resulted in PTOA within 20 years. In addition, the prevalence of PTOA has only slightly decreased during past decades. Therefore, further research is warranted to develop strategies to prevent the development of PTOA after ACL injuries.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(11):1140–1148.
Effect of oral nutritional supplementation on outcomes in older adults with hip fractures and factors influencing compliance
Authors: Chen Bin , Zhang Jia H. , Duckworth Andrew D. , Clement Nick D. 
Published: November 2023

AimsHip fractures are a major cause of morbidity and mortality, and malnutrition is a crucial determinant of these outcomes. This meta-analysis aims to determine whether oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) improves postoperative outcomes in older patients with a hip fracture.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in August 2022. ONS was defined as high protein-based diet strategies containing (or not containing) carbohydrates, fat, vitamins, and minerals. Randomized trials documenting ONS in older patients with hip fracture (aged ≥ 50 years) were included. Two reviewers evaluated study eligibility, conducted data extraction, and assessed study quality.ResultsThere were 812 studies identified, of which 18 studies involving 1,522 patients met the inclusion criteria. The overall meta-analysis demonstrated that ONS was associated with significantly elevated albumin levels (weighted mean difference (WMD) 1.24 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95 to 1.53)), as well as a significant risk reduction in infective complications (odds ratio (OR) 0.54 (95% CI 0.39 to 0.76)), pressure ulcers (OR 0.54 (95% CI 0.33 to 0.88)), and total complications (OR 0.57 (95% CI 0.42 to 0.79)). Length of hospital stay (LOS) was also significantly reduced (WMD -2.36 (95% CI -4.14 to -0.58)), particularly in rehabilitation LOS (WMD -4.17 (95% CI -7.08 to -1.26)). There was a tendency towards a lower mortality risk (OR 0.93 (95% CI 0.62 to 1.4)) and readmission (OR 0.52 (95% CI 0.16 to 1.73)), although statistical significance was not achieved (p = 0.741 and p = 0.285, respectively). The overall compliance with ONS ranged from 64.7% to 100%, but no factors influencing compliance were identified.ConclusionThis meta-analysis is the first to quantitatively demonstrate that ONS could nearly halve the risk of infective complications, pressure ulcers, total complications, as well as improve serum albumin and reduce LOS. ONS should be a regular and integrated part of the perioperative care of these patients, especially given that the compliance with ONS is acceptable.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(11):1149–1158.
Survival of revision ankle arthroplasty
Authors: Jennison Toby , Ukoumunne Obioha C. , Lamb Sallie , Goldberg Andrew J. , Sharpe Ian 
Published: November 2023

AimsThe number of revision total ankle arthroplasties (TAAs) which are undertaken is increasing. Few studies have reported the survival after this procedure. The primary aim of this study was to analyze the survival of revision ankle arthroplasties using large datasets. Secondary aims were to summarize the demographics of the patients, the indications for revision TAA, further operations, and predictors of survival.MethodsThe study combined data from the National Joint Registry and NHS Digital to report the survival of revision TAA. We have previously reported the failure rates and risk factors for failure after TAA, and the outcome of fusion after a failed TAA, using the same methodology. Survival was assessed using life tables and Kaplan Meier graphs. Cox proportional hazards regression models were fitted to compare failure rates.ResultsA total of 228 patients underwent revision TAA. The mean follow-up was 2.6 years (SD 2.0). The mean time between the initial procedure and revision was 2.3 years (SD 1.8). The most commonly used implant was the Inbone which was used in 81 patients. A total of 29 (12.7%) failed; nine (3.9%) patients underwent a further revision, 19 (8.3%) underwent a fusion, and one (0.4%) had an amputation. The rate of survival was 95.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 91.6 to 97.5) at one year, 87.7% (95% CI 81.9 to 91.7; n = 124) at three years and 77.5% (95% CI 66.9 to 85.0; n = 57) at five years. Revision-specific implants had a better survival than when primary implants were used at revision. A total of 50 patients (21.9%) had further surgery; 19 (8.3%) underwent reoperation in the first 12 months. Cox regression models were prepared. In crude analysis the only significant risk factors for failure were the use of cement (hazard ratio (HR) 3.02 (95% CI 1.13 to 8.09)) and the time since the primary procedure (HR 0.67 (95% CI 0.47 to 0.97)). No risk factors for failure were identified in multivariable Cox regression modelling.ConclusionRevision TAAs have good medium term survival and low rates of further surgery. New modular revision implants appear to have improved the survival compared with the use of traditional primary implants at revision.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(11):1184–1188.
Speckle tracking echocardiography-derived left ventricular global longitudinal strain in ex-thalassaemics
Authors: Paul Amal , Kulkarni Uday , Yadav Bijesh , Aboobacker Fouzia N. , Devasia Anup J. , Korula Anu , Abraham Aby , George Biju , George Paul V. , Srivastava Alok 
Published: November 2023

Aims
Long term survivors of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for β-thalassemia major are designated “ex-thalassaemics”. Whether ex-thalassaemics continue to harbour residual myocardial dysfunction and thereby stand the risk of heart failure-related morbidity and mortality is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and predictors of subclinical left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in an apparently normal ex-thalassaemic population.

Methods
We conducted a single centre cross-sectional study among 62 ex-thalassaemic patients, who had undergone HSCT for β-thalassaemia major at our centre. The primary outcome variable was LV systolic dysfunction, as assessed by 1) LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) derived by 2D speckle tracking echocardiography and 2) LV ejection fraction (EF) derived by 2D Simpsons Biplane method.

Results
Among the 62 patients included in the study, 7 [11.3%] were found to have LV systolic dysfunction, all of which were subclinical. Of these, 4 [6.5%] had abnormal GLS and LVEF, 2 [3.2%] had abnormal GLS with normal LVEF, and 1 [1.6%] had abnormal LVEF with low normal mean GLS. There were no statistically significant predictors of LV dysfunction in this cohort.

Conclusion
There was a high prevalence of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in the ex-thalassaemic population reiterating the need for close follow up of these patients. 2D Speckle tracking echocardiography-derived LV global longitudinal strain is an effective tool in detecting subclinical myocardial dysfunction in this cohort.
Lorsqu’il n’y a aucune bonne option : l’inévitable défi des dilemmes éthiques en optométrie
Authors: Faucher Caroline , Rezk Marina , Verni Ariana 
Published: November 2023

Les professionnels de la santé sont souvent confrontés à des dilemmes éthiques, qui surviennent lorsque deux principes éthiques entrent en conflit. Malgré la détresse psychologique pouvant en résulter, aucune étude ne s’est penchée sur les dilemmes éthiques en optométrie. Objectif. Cette étude visait à identifier les dilemmes éthiques vécus par les optométristes et à décrire des scénarios typiques. Méthode. Un questionnaire en ligne a été envoyé à 1393 optométristes. Chaque question concernait un aspect de la profession et visait à savoir si les répondants avaient déjà vécu un dilemme à ce sujet. Un espace illimité était fourni pour explications. Résultats. Chacun des 22 dilemmes éthiques proposés a déjà été rencontré par une proportion allant de 3,75 % à 67,9 % des 240 participants. Le plus fréquent concerne les honoraires professionnels. Plusieurs autres sont préoccupants : sécurité compromise (41,3%), avances sexuelles ou séductrices (33,9%), actes au-delà des compétences (30,2%). Conclusion. Les optométristes vivent beaucoup d’enjeux éthiques, plusieurs semblables à ceux vécus par d’autres professionnels. Ces résultats seront utiles aux instances académiques et professionnelles pour leur permettre de guider les optométristes face aux enjeux éthiques.
Реалії кібервійни в сприйнятті українського соціуму: соціологічний аналіз
Authors: Шеломовська Оксана , Сорокіна Людмила 
Published: November 2023

Актуальність теми зумовлена недостатньою концептуальною розробкою проблем кібервійни як соціального феномена та відсутністю комплексного соціологічного аналізу сприйняття її реалій сучасним українським соціумом на основі емпіричного матеріалу. Представлено та проаналізовано результати соціологічного опитування щодо впливу кібервійни на українство. Розглянуто сутність і надано авторські дефініції поняттям «кібервійна», «кіберзброя» і «військова кібератака». Досліджено реальні загрози кібербезпеці, з якими стикається Україна і виявлено, що кібервійна усвідомлюється населенням одним з напрямків російсько-української війни. Розглянуто кібервандалізм, пропагандистські атаки, збір інформації, атаки типу відмови в обслуговуванні, втручання в роботу обладнання та таки на об'єкти критичної інфраструктури як акти бойових дій в кіберпросторі. За результатами анкетування встановлено рівень проінформованості про них та наслідки сприйняття їх соціумом. Наголошено на значенні людського чинника у кібервійні та визначено інформаційно-психологічні спецопереації одним з її напрямків. Встановлено рівень поширення впливу інформаційно-психологічних спецоперацій на населення. Наведено і проаналізовано статистичні дані щодо кібератак в Україні та світі. Результати дослідження свідчать, що майже 70% українців особисто стикалися з пропагандистськими атаками, а більше половини опитаних – з несанкціонованим збором інформації та відмовою сервісів. Практично кожен другий українець один чи декілька разів був жертвами масового збою програмного забезпечення, додатків або інших ресурсів у мережі інтернет. Маже дві третини українців хоча б раз ставали жертвою ІПСО, але при цьому більш ніж 90% розуміє рівень загроз від ІПСО і їх негативний вплив на морально-психологічний стан населення. Встановлено, що діяльність українського кібервійська дуже позитивно оцінюється населенням. Наголошено, кібервійна є важливим фактором в усіх сучасних і майбутніх військових конфліктах і це усвідомлює більшість світового населення.