bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of hyperspectral imaging and CycleGAN-simulated narrowband techniques to detect early esophageal cancer
Authors: Yang Kai-Yao , Mukundan Arvind , Tsao Yu-Ming , Shi Xian-Hong , Huang Chien-Wei , Wang Hsiang-Chen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe clinical signs and symptoms of esophageal cancer (EC) are often not discernible until the intermediate or advanced phases. The detection of EC in advanced stages significantly decreases the survival rate to below 20%. This study conducts a comparative analysis of the efficacy of several imaging techniques, including white light image (WLI), narrowband imaging (NBI), cycle-consistent adversarial network simulated narrowband image (CNBI), and hyperspectral imaging simulated narrowband image (HNBI), in the early detection of esophageal cancer (EC). In conjunction with Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, a dataset consisting of 1000 EC pictures was used, including 500 images captured using WLI and 500 images captured using NBI. The CycleGAN model was used to generate the CNBI dataset. Additionally, a novel method for HSI imaging was created with the objective of generating HNBI pictures. The evaluation of the efficacy of these four picture types in early detection of EC was conducted using three indicators: CIEDE2000, entropy, and the structural similarity index measure (SSIM). Results of the CIEDE2000, entropy, and SSIM analyses suggest that using CycleGAN to generate CNBI images and HSI model for creating HNBI images is superior in detecting early esophageal cancer compared to the use of conventional WLI and NBI techniques.
Genetic sexing of subadult skeletal remains
Authors: Zupanič Pajnič Irena , Mlinšek Teo , Počivavšek Tadej , Leskovar Tamara 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhen subadult skeletons need to be identified, biological sex diagnosis is one of the first steps in the identification process. Sex assessment of subadults using morphological features is unreliable, and molecular genetic methods were applied in this study. Eighty-three ancient skeletons were used as models for poorly preserved DNA. Three sex-informative markers on the Y and X chromosome were used for sex identification: a qPCR test using the PowerQuant Y target included in PowerQuant System (Promega), the amelogenin test included in ESI 17 Fast STR kit (Promega), and a Y-STR amplification test using the PowerPlex Y-23 kit (Promega). Sex was successfully determined in all but five skeletons. Successful PowerQuant Y-target, Y-amelogenin, and Y-chromosomal STR amplifications proved the presence of male DNA in 35 skeletons, and in 43 subadults female sex was established. No match was found between the genetic profiles of subadult skeletons, and the elimination database and negative control samples produced no profiles, indicating no contamination issue. Our study shows that genetic sex identification is a very successful approach for biological sexing of subadult skeletons whose sex cannot be assessed by anthropological methods. The results of this study are applicable for badly preserved subadult skeletons from routine forensic casework.
Long-term outcomes of intravenous fibrinolysis in central retinal artery occlusion
Authors: Kozner Pavel , Eichenmann Libor , Ceska Burdova Marie , Pavlikova Marketa , Hlozanek Martin , Dotrelova Dagmar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCentral retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an ophthalmologic emergency that can lead to irreversible loss of vision. Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) has been used experimentally for its treatment. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of emergency IVT on CRAO and its impact on visual acuity outcomes. We conducted a retrospective observational study of patients with CRAO. A total of 46 patients with CRAO were analysed; 16 patients received IVT treatment (IVT group) while 30 did not (no-IVT group). Seven patients from the IVT group received IVT early, within 4.5 hours (h) after the onset of symptoms (early-IVT), and 9 patients received it beyond this timeframe (late-IVT). The median time-to-hospital was 8.5 h: 3 h for the IVT group and 24 h for the no-IVT group. The median time-to-treatment was 5 h. The median outcome of visual acuity was 0.05 in the early-IVT, 0.025 in the late-IVT, and 0.01 in the no-IVT group. Among patients who received IVT early, 86% exhibited significant visual improvement. This improvement was four-fold greater compared to all other groups (p = 0.040), including the late-IVT (p = 0.011) and no-IVT groups (p = 0.023). No complications of the treatment were reported. Our study confirms that the administration of IVT treatment for CRAO within the 4.5-h time window is both safe and effective.
Reduced LHFPL3-AS2 lncRNA expression is linked to altered epithelial polarity and proliferation, and to ileal ulceration in Crohn disease
Authors: Sosnovski Katya E. , Braun Tzipi , Amir Amnon , BenShoshan Marina , Abbas-Egbariya Haya , Ben-Yishay Rakefet , Anafi Liat , Avivi Camilla , Barshack Iris , Denson Lee A. , Haberman Yael 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDisruption of intestinal epithelial functions is linked to Crohn disease (CD) pathogenesis. We identified a widespread reduction in the expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) including LHFPL3-AS2 in the treatment-naïve CD ileum of the RISK pediatric cohort. We validated the reduction of LHFPL3-AS2 in adult CD and noted a further reduction in patients with more severe CD from the RISK cohort. LHFPL3-AS2 knockdown in Caco-2 cells robustly affected epithelial monolayer morphogenesis with markedly reduced confluency and spreading, showing atypical rounding, and clumping. mRNA-seq analysis of LHFPL3-AS2 knockdown cells highlighted the reduction of genes and pathways linked with apical polarity, actin bundles, morphogenesis, and the b-catenin-TCF4 complex. LHFPL3-AS2 knockdown significantly reduced the ability of cells to form an internal lumen within the 3-dimensional (3D) cyst model, with mislocalization of actin and adherent and tight junction proteins, affecting epithelial polarity. LHFPL3-AS2 knockdown also resulted in defective mitotic spindle formation and consequent reduction in epithelial proliferation. Altogether, we show that LHFPL3-AS2 reduction affects epithelial morphogenesis, polarity, mitotic spindle formation, and proliferation, which are key processes in maintaining epithelial homeostasis in CD. Reduced expression of LHFPL3-AS2 in CD patients and its further reduction with ileal ulceration outcome, emphasizes its significance in this context.
Increase in ocean-onto-land droughts and their drivers under anthropogenic climate change
Authors: Guan Yansong , Gu Xihui , Slater Louise J. , Yin Jiabo , Li Jianfeng , Gebrechorkos Solomon Hailu , Zhang Xiang , Kong Dongdong , Yan Xuesong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOcean-onto-land droughts (OTLDs)—i.e., droughts originating over the oceans and migrating onto land—are a recently identified phenomenon with severe natural and human impacts. However, the influence of anthropogenic emissions on past and future changes in OTLDs and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, using precipitation-minus-evaporation deficits to identify global OTLDs, we find OTLDs have intensified due to anthropogenic climate change during the past 60 years. Under a future high-emissions scenario, the OTLDs would become more frequent (+39.68%), persistent (+54.25%), widespread (+448.92%), and severe (+612.78%) globally. Intensified OTLDs are associated with reduced moisture transport driven by subtropical anticyclones in the northern hemisphere and complex circulation patterns in the southern hemisphere. The reduction in moisture transport during OTLDs is mainly caused by the atmospheric thermodynamic responses to human-induced global warming. Our results underscore the importance of improving understanding of this type of drought and adopting climate mitigation measures.
Educating the healthcare workforce of the future: lessons learned from the development and implementation of a ‘Wearables in Healthcare’ course
Authors: Ward Matthew P. , Malloy J. Scott , Kannmacher Chris , Steinhubl Steven R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDigital health technologies will play an ever-increasing role in the future of healthcare. It is crucial that the people who will help make that transformation possible have the evidence-based and hands-on training necessary to address the many challenges ahead. To better prepare the future health workforce with the knowledge necessary to support the re-engineering of healthcare in an equitable, person-centric manner, we developed an experiential learning course—Wearables in Healthcare—for advanced undergraduate and graduate university students. Here we describe the components of that course and the lessons learned to help guide others interested in developing similar courses.
What determines the information update rate in echolocating bats
Authors: Taub Mor , Goldshtein Aya , Boonman Arjan , Eitan Ofri , Hurme Edward , Greif Stefan , Yovel Yossi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe rate of sensory update is one of the most important parameters of any sensory system. The acquisition rate of most sensory systems is fixed and has been optimized by evolution to the needs of the animal. Echolocating bats have the ability to adjust their sensory update rate which is determined by the intervals between emissions - the inter-pulse intervals (IPI). The IPI is routinely adjusted, but the exact factors driving its regulation are unknown. We use on-board audio recordings to determine how four species of echolocating bats with different foraging strategies regulate their sensory update rate during commute flights. We reveal strong correlations between the IPI and various echolocation and movement parameters. Specifically, the update rate increases when the signals’ peak-energy frequency and intensity increases while the update rate decreases when flight speed and altitude increases. We suggest that bats control their information update rate according to the behavioral mode they are engaged in, while always maintaining sensory continuity. Specifically, we suggest that bats apply two modes of attention during commute flights. Our data moreover suggests that bats emit echolocation signals at accurate intervals without the need for external feedback.
Evidence for high-frequency oxygenation of Ediacaran shelf seafloor during early evolution of complex life
Authors: Jiao Liangxuan , She Zhenbing , Papineau Dominic , Zhang Chao , Algeo Thomas J. , Dodd Matthew S. , Luo Genming , Cao Kenan , Li Chao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIncreasing oxygenation of the early Ediacaran Ocean is thought to have been responsible for the emergence of early animals. Although geochemical studies have suggested periods of oceanic oxygenation in the Ediacaran, direct evidence for seafloor oxygenation has been lacking. Here, we report frequent occurrences of distinctive, sub-millimetric, and early diagenetic pyrite-marcasite rosettes in phosphorites from the lower Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation (Weng’an, South China). They typically consist of a nucleus of framboidal pyrite, a cortex of radiating marcasite blades intergrown with quartz, and a rim of second-generation pyrite, recording partial oxidative dissolution of pyrite and co-precipitation of marcasite and quartz. This inference is further supported by near-zero carbon isotope values of the host dolostone, similarly low sulfur isotope values for pyrite and marcasite, and evident Fe-isotope fractionation between marcasite and pyrite. Collectively, our findings reveal intermittent bottom-water and porewater oxygenation events, providing direct evidence of high-frequency oxygenation of Ediacaran continental shelves.
Determination of seroprevalence and kinetics of humoral response using mpox virus A29 protein
Authors: Cai Jian-Piao , Chu Wing-Ming , Tam Anthony Raymond , Wang Kun , Han Yuting , Chen Lin-Lei , Zhang Xiaojuan , Choi Charlotte Yee-Ki , Cheng Vincent Chi-Chung , Chan Kwok-Hung , Chen Zhiwei , Hung Ivan Fan-Ngai , Fong Carol Ho-Yan , To Kelvin Kai-Wang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Mpox virus (MPXV), previously known as monkeypox virus, has spread globally in 2022. An accurate and convenient antibody test is essential for the determination of seroprevalence and for studying immune response after natural infection or vaccination. Most seroprevalence or vaccine studies used either live MPXV (or vaccinia virus [VACV]) or inactivated MPXV (or VACV) culture lysate for serological assays, but MPXV culture can only be performed in biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) facilities. Here, we developed and evaluated an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) based on the MPXV A29 surface envelope protein.

Methods
We compared the specificity of the MPXV A29, VACV A27, and VACV lysate EIA using serum specimens collected prior to the global spread of MPXV. Next, we performed these EIAs for serum specimens collected from two mpox patients and an MVA-BN vaccine recipient. We also assessed the kinetics of plasmblast and MPXV A29-specific B-cell response.

Results
Using sera collected from different age groups in Hong Kong, we found that most individuals, including those born before 1981 who have received the smallpox vaccine, tested negative using the MPXV A29 protein. MPXV A29-specific antibody could be detected in the serum of mpox patients and an MVA-BN recipient. In a mpox patient, the frequency of plasmablast and MPXV A29-specific B cell peaked on day 8 post-symptom onset and gradually decreased. Finally, we demonstrated that antibodies against the A29 protein can be used for immunofluorescence staining of MPXV-infected cells.

Conclusions
MPXV A29 protein is suitable for studying the immune response against MPXV infection.
Symmetry of the emergent inductance tensor exhibited by magnetic textures
Authors: Furuta Soju , Koshibae Wataru , Kagawa Fumitaka 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMetals hosting gradually varying spatial magnetic textures are attracting attention as a new class of inductors. Under the application of an alternating current, the spin-transfer-torque effect induces oscillating dynamics of the magnetic texture, which subsequently yields the spin-motive force as a back action, resulting in an inductive voltage response. In general, a second-order tensor representing a material’s response can have an off-diagonal component. However, it is unclear what symmetries the emergent inductance tensor has and also which magnetic textures can exhibit a transverse inductance response. Here, we reveal both analytically and numerically that the emergent inductance tensor should be a symmetric tensor in the so-called adiabatic limit. By considering this symmetric tensor in terms of symmetry operations that a magnetic texture has, we further characterize the magnetic textures in which the transverse inductance response can appear. This finding provides a basis for exploring the transverse response of emergent inductors, which has yet to be discovered.
Field-level Lyman-α forest modeling in redshift space via augmented nonlocal Fluctuating Gunn-Peterson Approximation
Authors: Sinigaglia F. , Kitaura F.-S. , Nagamine K. , Oku Y. , Balaguera-Antolínez A. 
Published: November 2023

Context. Devising fast and accurate methods of predicting the Lyman-α forest at the field level, avoiding the computational burden of running large-volume cosmological hydrodynamic simulations, is of fundamental importance to quickly generate the massive set of simulations needed by the state-of-the-art galaxy and Lyα forest spectroscopic surveys.
Aims. We present an improved analytical model to predict the Lyα forest at the field level in redshift space from the dark matter field, expanding upon the widely used Fluctuating Gunn-Peterson Approximation (FGPA). Instead of assuming a unique universal relation over the whole considered cosmic volume, we introduce a dependence on the cosmic web environment (knots, filaments, sheets, and voids) in the model, thereby effectively accounting for nonlocal bias. Furthermore, we include a detailed treatment of velocity bias in the redshift space distortion modeling, allowing the velocity bias to be cosmic-web-dependent.
Methods. We first mapped the dark matter field from real to redshift space through a particle-based relation including velocity bias, depending on the cosmic web classification of the dark matter field in real space. We then formalized an appropriate functional form for our model, building upon the traditional FGPA and including a cutoff and a boosting factor mimicking a threshold and inverse-threshold bias effect, respectively, with model parameters depending on the cosmic web classification in redshift space. Eventually, we fit the coefficients of the model via an efficient Markov chain Monte Carlo scheme.
Results. We find evidence for a significant difference between the same model parameters in different environments, suggesting that for the investigated setup the simple standard FGPA is not able to adequately predict the Lyα forest in the different cosmic web regimes. We reproduce the summary statistics of the reference cosmological hydrodynamic simulation that we use for comparison, yielding an accurate mean transmitted flux, probability distribution function, 3D power spectrum, and bispectrum. In particular, we achieve maximum deviation and average deviation accuracy in the Lyα forest 3D power spectrum of ∼3% and ∼0.1% up to k ∼ 0.4 h Mpc−1, and ∼5% and ∼1.8% up to k ∼ 1.4 h Mpc−1.
Conclusions. Our new model outperforms previous analytical efforts to predict the Lyα forest at the field level in all the probed summary statistics, and has the potential to become instrumental in the generation of fast accurate mocks for covariance matrices estimation in the context of current and forthcoming Lyα forest surveys.
Operative Behandlung von Patienten mit Iliosakralgelenksyndrom: Vergleichsstudie zweier Implantate
Authors: Splitt Theresa , Pflugmacher Robert , Soliman Osama , Abd Allah Hany Mohamed , Hering Rudolf , Kasapovic Adnan , Rössler Philip , Koch Ernst M. W. , Bornemann Rahel 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Behandlung von Patienten mit ISG-Dysfunktion ist aufgrund der multifaktoriellen Schmerzursachen und vielfältigen Probleme bei der Abklärung schwierig. Die Behandlung umfasst physikalische Therapie, Kortikosteroide, Prolotherapie, Hochfrequenzdenervation und Iliosakralgelenkfusion. Eine neue Option für die operative Behandlung von ISG-Dysfunktionen stellt das Torpedo-Implantatsystem dar. Für eine sichere Fusion werden nur 2 Implantate benötigt, die in Längen von 30–50 mm angeboten werden. Das neue Implantatsystem wurde in Pilotstudien auf Wirksamkeit und Biokompatibilität mit guten Resultaten geprüft. Zur weiteren Dokumentation für das Torpedo-Implantatsystem wurde eine Vergleichsstudie gegen das iFuse-System durchgeführt.Es wurden 2 unterschiedliche Implantate verwendet: Gruppe 1: Deltacor Torpedo, Gruppe 2: iFuse-Implantate (Si-Bone). Die bei der Aufnahme und bei den nachfolgenden Kontrolluntersuchungen erstellten Daten (VAS, ODI, Opioidverbrauch) wurden in eine zu diesem Zweck eingerichtete Auswertungsdatei eingetragen. Als Nachuntersuchungstermine wurden 1 Monat, 3, 6 und 12 Monate postoperativ festgelegt.Es wurden die Daten von 65 Patienten vergleichend ausgewertet. Bei allen Vergleichen zeigten sich hinsichtlich der Unterschiede im Rückgang der Schmerzintensitäten nur sehr geringe Effektstärken, sodass unter klinischen Aspekten zunächst eine gleichwertige Wirksamkeit beider Methoden postuliert werden konnte. Die meisten Patienten beider Gruppen gaben an, vor der Operation Opioide zur Schmerzbehandlung eingenommen zu haben. Entsprechend dem Rückgang der Schmerzintensität konnte bereits nach der Operation bei einigen Patienten die Opioidbehandlung abgesetzt werden. Nach 12 Monaten verringerte sich die Zahl der mit Opioiden behandelten Patienten in Gruppe 1 auf 23% und in Gruppe 2 auf 17%. Die Erfolge der Fusionen mit beiden Verfahren lassen sich zusätzlich an einer Bilddokumentation belegen, aus der auch die Lage der Implantate deutlich erkannt werden kann. In keinem Fall war eine Lockerung festzustellen.Insgesamt lässt die Auswertung dieser Studie das Resümee zu, dass beide Implantatsysteme erfolgreich zur Behandlung von Patienten mit ISG-Syndrom eingesetzt werden können. In weiteren Vergleichsstudien mit den vorgeschlagenen Auswertungsmethoden sollten die vorliegenden Resultate überprüft werden.
Transoral incisionless fundoplication with or without hiatal hernia repair for gastroesophageal reflux disease after peroral endoscopic myotomy
Authors: DeWitt John M. , Al-Haddad Mohammad , Stainko Sarah , Perkins Anthony , Fatima Hala , Ceppa DuyKhanh P. , Birdas Thomas J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) following peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) occurs in 40% to 60% of patients. There are limited data evaluating antireflux surgery or transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) for refractory post-POEM GERD.
Patients and methods In a single-center prospective cohort study,
consecutive patients with medically refractory post-POEM regurgitation and/or GERD treated
with TIF or combined laparoscopic hernia repair and TIF (cTIF) were evaluated. Baseline
evaluation: GERD-Health Related Quality of Life (GERD-HQRL) and Reflux Symptom Questionnaire
7-day recall (RESQ-7) questionnaires, EGD, high-resolution manometry (HRM), 48-hour pH test
off proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and impedance planimetry of the esophagogastric junction
(EGJ) to calculate the diameter distensibility index (EGJ-DI). A PPI was taken twice daily for
2 weeks after TIF and restarted later if required. Patients returned 9 to 12 months after
treatment when all preoperative studies were repeated. Quality of life, pH studies and EGJ
metrics before and after antireflux surgery were compared.
Results Seventeen patients underwent TIF (n=2, 12%) or cTIF
(n=15, 88%) a mean 25±15 months after POEM. At follow-up a mean of 9±1 months after TIF/cTIF,
patients required less frequent daily PPIs (n=0.001), were more satisfied (P=0.008), had improved GERD-HQRL (P=0.001), less intensity and frequency of GERD
(P=0.001) and fewer reflux episodes (P=0.04) by pH testing. There
was no change in EGJ-DI, EGJ diameter, integrated relaxation pressure, % total time pH <4,
or DeMeester score.
Conclusions TIF and cTIF for difficult-to-control post-POEM GERD
appear safe, decrease PPI use and reflux episodes, and improve QOL without significant change
in IRP, EGJ compliance, diameter or esophageal acid exposure time.
A Practical Synthesis of Homoallylic Diene Halides: Versatile Synthons for the Preparation of the Taxane A-Ring System
Authors: Camacho-Dávila Alejandro A. , Espinoza-Hicks José C. , Zaragoza-Galán Gerardo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA concise and efficient synthesis of two homoallylic halides, which are useful precursors for the preparation of the taxane A-ring system is reported. Contrary to the synthetic routes reported in the literature, this procedure does not employ expensive tetramethylethylene as a starting material. The synthetic route uses readily available and inexpensive ethyl acetoacetate, 1,2-dibromoethane, methyltriphenylphosphonium iodide and methylmagnesium bromide as starting materials. The key step in the synthesis is the acid-mediated ring opening of a cyclopropyl tertiary alcohol to afford the corresponding homoallylic diene halides. The corresponding Grignard reagent, derived from the bromide, is used in the synthesis of an enone previously used as a precursor of taxadienone by reaction with the enol ethyl ether of 1,3-cyclohexanedione.