bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is it a complication or a consequence - a new perspective on adverse outcomes in Interventional Radiology
Authors: Ierardi Anna Maria , Ascenti Velio , Lanza Carolina , Carriero Serena , Amato Gaetano , Pellegrino Giuseppe , Giurazza Francesco , Torcia Pierluca , Carrafiello Gianpaolo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe aim of the article is to introduce a new term in post-procedural events related to the procedure itself. All the Societies and Councils report these events as complications and they are divided in mild, moderate and severe or immediate and delayed.On the other hand the term error is known as the application of a wrong plan, or strategy to achieve a goal.For the first time, we are trying to introduce the term “consequence”; assuming that the procedure is the only available and the best fit to clinical indication, a consequence should be seen as an expected and unavoidable occurrence of an “adverse event” despite correct technical execution.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of single nucleotide polymorphisms in autophagy-related genes (ATG) among Egyptian patients with breast cancer disease
Authors: Saadawy Sara F. , Raafat Ahmed , Omar Walaa E. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Autophagy-related genes (ATGs), associated with autophagy, contribute to the pathogenesis of many illnesses, including cancer. ATGs’ role in breast cancer (BC) is still under investigation. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine whether genetic variants in core ATGs correlate with BC prognosis and investigate their impact on protein plasma levels.

Methods
This case–control study was carried out on 70 BC patients as well as 70 cancer-free controls in order to determine the association of these variants with BC risk. ATG10 (rs1864182) and ATG7 (rs1375206) polymorphisms were genotyped in whole blood samples using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assays, and ATG7 and ATG10 levels in plasma were determined using ELISA.

Results
The results revealed that ATG7 (rs1375206) might contribute to BC, as patients with the GG genotype displayed a substantial association with BC (OR = 3.23, 95% CI 1.12–9.5) as well as a significant increase in ATG7 protein expression. For ATG7 rs1375206, genotypes GG was significantly associated with increased BC risk; carriers of the G allele frequently have a bad prognosis compared to carriers of the CC genotype (OR of mortality equals 3.01). Serum ATG 7 in the breast cancer patients’ group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.001). In contrast, carriers of the ATG10 (rs1864182) CC genotype were significant with a lower risk of BC (OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.26–0.79) when compared with patients with AA genotype, while serum ATG 10 protein levels were decreased in patients carrying C allele (p < 0.05). Carriers of the C allele frequently have a good prognosis (OR of mortality equals 0.79) also the C allele were significantly less likely to have higher grade tumor (14.3% compared to 65.2% of A allele).

Conclusions
Single gene polymorphisms (SNPs) within the ATG7 (rs1375206) and ATG 10 (rs1864182) are substantially correlated with BC among Egyptian females. Consequently, SNPs should be considered critical prognostic markers for distinguishing individuals with ATG7 (rs1375206) at elevated risk of developing BC as well as its progression from those with ATG 10 (rs1864182) at lower risk and the effect of these SNPs on its protein expression levels as ATG7 (rs1375206) polymorphism associated with decreased plasma ATG7 level, on the other hand, ATG 10 (rs1864182) polymorphism accompanied with increased ATG 10 plasma level.
Advancing the community plan to end the HIV Epidemic in Philadelphia: a qualitative descriptive evaluation of low-threshold PrEP services in sexual health clinics
Authors: Bonett Stephen , Mahajan Anjali , da Silva Daniel Teixeira , Williams Javontae , Brady Kathleen , Bauermeister José , Wood Sarah M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective HIV prevention method and a key component of Philadelphia’s Community Plan to End the HIV Epidemic (EHE). However, significant barriers to accessing PrEP exist among people at risk for HIV. Low-threshold models for PrEP services that minimize barriers to entry and service engagement could help bolster access to PrEP through community-based clinics. This study aimed to describe the initial implementation of low-threshold PrEP services in three sexual health clinics funded by the Philadelphia Department of Public Health and explore strategies for delivering low-threshold PrEP services.

Methods
We conducted three focus groups with staff (i.e., providers, prevention navigators, and administrative staff, N = 21) at each of three participating PDPH-funded sexual health clinics from November 2021 to January 2022. Discussion topics included details about the PrEP delivery process, clinic strengths and assets, resource gaps, and PrEP implementation goals. Follow-up interviews with staff members (N = 8) between March 2022 and May 2022 focused on identifying successful strategies for PrEP delivery and adaptations needed to optimize low-threshold PrEP service delivery. Rapid qualitative methods and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Science were used to analyze data from focus groups and interviews.

Results
Participants collaborated to create process maps that visualized the steps involved in delivering PrEP services within their respective settings. These maps highlighted several stages in PrEP service delivery, such as connecting individuals to services, providing prevention navigation, conducting clinical encounters, and ensuring follow-up care. Participants described effective strategies for implementing PrEP, which included integrating and co-locating services on-site, strengthening staffing resources and capacity, and addressing barriers experienced by clients.

Conclusions
Lessons from the implementation of low-threshold PrEP service delivery in Philadelphia can guide ongoing local adaptations and future scale-up of these models to improve access to PrEP and advance the goals of the EHE initiative.
Epigenetic Control of Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngiomas
Authors: Marrero-Gutiérrez Junier , Bueno Ana Carolina , Martins Clarissa Silva , Coeli-Lacchini Fernanda Borchers , Silva-Júnior Rui M Patrício , Marques Gonçalves Gabriel Henrique , Ozaki Jorge Guilherme Okanobo , de Almeida e Silva Danillo C , Wildemberg Luiz Eduardo , da Silva Antunes Ximene Lima , dos Santos Antônio Carlos , Machado Helio Rubens , Santos Marcelo Volpon , Moreira Ayrton Custodio , Gadelha Monica R , Vêncio Ricardo Zorzetto Nicoliello , Antonini Sonir Roberto R , de Castro Margaret 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Studies addressing the methylation pattern in adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) are lacking.

Objective
To identify methylation signatures in ACPs regarding clinical presentation and outcome.

Methods
Clinical and pathology data were collected from 35 patients with ACP (54% male; 18.1 years [2-68]). CTNNB1 mutations and methylation profile (MethylationEPIC/Array-Illumina) were analyzed in tumoral DNA. Unsupervised machine learning analysis of this comprehensive methylome sample was achieved using hierarchical clustering and multidimensional scaling. Statistical associations between clusters and clinical features were achieved using the Fisher test and global biological process interpretations were aided by Gene Ontology enrichment analyses.

Results
Two clusters were revealed consistently by all unsupervised methods (ACP-1: n = 18; ACP-2: n = 17) with strong bootstrap statistical support. ACP-2 was enriched by CTNNB1 mutations (100% vs 56%, P = .0006), hypomethylated in CpG island, non-CpG Island sites, and globally (P &lt; .001), and associated with greater tumor size (24.1 vs 9.5 cm3, P = .04). Enrichment analysis highlighted pathways on signaling transduction, transmembrane receptor, development of anatomical structures, cell adhesion, cytoskeleton organization, and cytokine binding, and cell type-specific biological processes as regulation of oligodendrocytes, keratinocyte, and epithelial cells differentiation.

Conclusion
Two clusters of patients with ACP were consistently revealed by unsupervised machine learning methods, with one of them significantly hypomethylated, enriched by CTNNB1 mutated ACPs, and associated with increased tumor size. Enrichment analysis reinforced pathways involved in tumor proliferation and in cell-specific tumoral microenvironment.
Generation of rat-derived lung epithelial cells in Fgfr2b-deficient mice retains species-specific development
Authors: Yuri Shunsuke , Murase Yuki , Isotani Ayako 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Regenerative medicine is a tool to compensate for the shortage of lungs for transplantation, but it remains difficult to construct a lung in vitro due to the complex three-dimensional structures and multiple cell types required. A blastocyst complementation method using interspecies chimeric animals has been attracting attention as a way to create complex organs in animals, although successful lung formation using interspecies chimeric animals has not yet been achieved. Here, we applied a reverse-blastocyst complementation method to clarify the conditions required to form lungs in an Fgfr2b-deficient mouse model. We then successfully formed a rat-derived lung in the mouse model by applying a tetraploid-based organ-complementation method. Importantly, rat lung epithelial cells retained their developmental timing even in the mouse body. These findings provide useful insights to overcome the barrier of species-specific developmental timing to generate functional lungs in interspecies chimeras.
Diet influences resource allocation in chemical defence but not melanin synthesis in an aposematic moth
Authors: Ottocento Cristina , Rojas Bibiana , Burdfield-Steel Emily , Furlanetto Miriam , Nokelainen Ossi , Winters Sandra , Mappes Johanna 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
For animals that synthesise their chemical compounds de novo, resources, particularly proteins, can influence investment in chemical defences and nitrogen-based wing colouration such as melanin. Competing for the same resources often leads to trade-offs in resource allocation. We manipulated protein availability in the larval diet of the wood tiger moth, Arctia plantaginis, to test how early life resource availability influences relevant life history traits, melanin production and chemical defences. We expected higher dietary protein to result in more effective chemical defences in adult moths and a higher amount of melanin in the wings. According to the resource allocation hypothesis, we also expected individuals with less melanin to have more resources to allocate to chemical defences. We found that protein-deprived moths had a slower larval development, and their chemical defences were less unpalatable for bird predators, but the expression of melanin in their wings did not differ from that of moths raised on a high-protein diet. The amount of melanin in the wings, however, unexpectedly correlated positively with chemical defences. Our findings demonstrate that the resources available in early life have an important role in the efficacy of chemical defences, but melanin-based warning colours are less sensitive to resource variability than other fitness-related traits.
Efficacy of pre, pro, and synbiotic on clinical endpoint of acute pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mariadi I Ketut , Somayana Gde , Sindhughosa Dwijo Anargha , Shalim Christina Permata , Daniella Dian , Purwanta Made Lady Adelaida 
Published: January 2024

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) commonly presents as gastrointestinal disease and can become a life-threatening condition. The pathophysiological process involves impairment in the gut barrier and bacterial translocation, mediating the infection of necrotic pancreatic tissue. Therefore, a strategy to maintain gut integrity is rational. The Probiotics in Pancreatitis Trial (PROPATRIA) found that probiotics had a harmful effect on severe AP. However, additional research revealed neither favorable nor unfavorable effects. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of these medications on clinical endpoints in patients with AP. Methods: We performed a systematic search up to April 14, 2023. The study population in this review were patients with AP. The intervention consisted of prebiotic group, probiotic group, and synbiotic group. The effectiveness of each group in treating LoH was the main result, while infection complications were the secondary result. The analysis was conducted using a random effect model, and publication bias was found using a funnel plot. Results: 16 studies were used in this review and meta-analysis. A total of 1,044 acute pancreatitis patients and 779 patients were included for primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. The use of either pre-, pro-, and synbiotics reduces the LoH significantly (-3.32 days, p = 0.001). Subgroup analysis of the interventions revealed that probiotics (-3.02 days, p =0.02) and prebiotics (-3.9 days, p =0.02) reduce the LoH, but not for synbiotics (-4.37 days, p =0.18). As for secondary outcomes, the use of pre-, pro-, and synbiotics reduce the risk of infection in acute pancreatitis patients with odds ratio (OR) of 0.32 (p = 0.006). Conclusion: Additional medication of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics as an adjunctive to standard therapy showed clinical benefits in AP patients. Therefore, its usage on acute pancreatitis patients could provide clinical benefit, albeit further studies are warranted.
To Earmark or to Nonearmark? The Role of Control, Transparency, and Warm-Glow
Authors: Özer Özalp , Urrea Gloria , Villa Sebastián 
Published: January 2024

Problem definition: Charities face tension when deciding whether to earmark donations, that is, allow donors to restrict the use of their donations for a specific purpose. Research shows that earmarking decreases operational performance because it limits charities’ flexibility to use donations. However, there is also a common belief that earmarking increases donations. Earmarking is assumed to increase donations through three mechanisms: by (i) giving donors control over their donations, (ii) increasing operational transparency of donations, and (iii) changing donors’ levels of altruism and warm-glow. To resolve this tension, we study how, when, and why earmarking affects donors’ decisions. We consider three important decisions donors make that impact the fundraising outcome: (i) preference between earmarking and nonearmarking, (ii) decision to donate or not (i.e., donor activation), and (iii) the donation amount. Methodology/results: We design three online experiments that allow us to quantify the effect of earmarking on donors’ decisions and to investigate the role of the three aforementioned mechanisms in fundraising. Our results reveal, for example, that earmarking activates more donors but it does not always increase donation amounts. In addition, we determine the conditions under which the three mechanisms affect the outcome of fundraising campaigns. Managerial implications: Our findings provide actionable insights for how charities can design fundraising campaigns more effectively and suggest when to leverage earmarking and the three mechanisms depending on the charities’ fundraising goals. Funding: The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support provided by the Leeds School of Business at the University of Colorado Boulder. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0096 .
Dosing of lumbar spinal manipulative therapy and its association with escalated spine care: A cohort study of insurance claims
Authors: Anderson Brian R. , Whedon James M. , Herman Patricia M. 
Published: January 2024

Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between three distinct spinal manipulative therapy dose groups and escalated spine care by analyzing insurance claims from a cohort of patients with low back pain.

Methods
We compared three distinct spinal manipulative therapy dose groups (low = 1 SMT visits, moderate = 2–12 SMT visits, high = 13+ SMT visits), to a control group (no spinal manipulative therapy) regarding the outcome of escalated spine care. Escalated spine care procedures include imaging studies, injection procedures, emergency department visits, surgery, and opioid medication use. Propensity score matching was performed to address treatment selection bias. Modified Poisson regression modeling was used to estimate the relative risk of spine care escalation among three spinal manipulative therapy doses, adjusting for age, sex, retrospective risk score and claim count.

Results
83,025 claims were categorized into 11,114 unique low back pain episodes; 8,137 claims had 0 spinal manipulative therapy visits, with the remaining episodes classified as low dose (n = 404), moderate dose (n = 1,763) or high dose (n = 810). After propensity score matching, 5,348 episodes remained; 2,454 had 0 spinal manipulative therapy visits with the remaining episodes classified as low dose (n = 404), moderate dose (n = 1,761), or high dose (n = 729). The estimated relative risk (vs no spinal manipulative therapy) for any escalated spine care was 0.45 (95% confidence interval 0.38, 0.55, p <0.001), 0.58 (95% confidence interval 0.53, 0.63, p <0.001), and 1.03 (95% confidence interval 0.95, 1.13, p = 0.461) for low, moderate, and high dose spinal manipulative therapy groups, respectively.

Conclusions
For claims associated with initial episodes of low back pain, low and moderate dose spinal manipulative therapy groups were associated with a 55% and 42% reduction, respectively, in the relative risk of any escalated spine care.
Patient satisfaction with the quality of care received is associated with adherence to antidepressant medications
Authors: Donneyong Macarius M. , Bynum Mary , Kemavor Ameena , Crossnohere Norah L. , Schuster Anne , Bridges John 
Published: January 2024

Background
There is a paucity of evidence on the association between satisfaction with quality of care and adherence to antidepressants.

Objectives
To examine the association between patient satisfaction with healthcare and adherence to antidepressants.

Methods
A cohort study design was used to identify antidepressant users from the 2010-2016Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data, a national longitudinal complex survey study design on the cost and healthcare utilization of the noninstitutionalized population in the United States. The Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems were used to measure participants’ satisfaction with access and quality of care, patient-provider communication and shared decision-making (SDM). Patients were considered satisfied if they ranked the quality of care at ≥9 (range: 0[worst]– 10[best]). Antidepressant adherence was measured based on medication refill and complete discontinuation. MEPS sampling survey-weighted multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between satisfaction and adherence to antidepressants. We tested for the potential presence of reverse associations by restricting the analysis to new users of antidepressants. The roles of patient-provider communication and SDM on the satisfaction-adherence association were examined through structural equation models (SEM).

Results
Among 4,990 (weighted counts = 8,661,953) antidepressant users, 36% were adherent while 39% discontinued antidepressants therapy. Half of antidepressant users were satisfied with the healthcare received. Satisfied patients were 26% (OR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.08, 1.47) more likely to adhere and 17% (OR = 0.83, 95%CI: 0.71, 0.96) less likely to discontinue, compared to unsatisfied antidepressant users. Patient satisfaction was also associated with higher odds (OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.06, 1.88) of adherence among a subgroup of new users of antidepressants. The SEM analysis revealed that satisfaction was a manifestation of patient-provider communication (β = 2.03, P-value<0.001) and SDM (β = 1.14, P-value<0.001).

Conclusions
Patient satisfaction is a potential predictor of antidepressant adherence. If our findings are confirmed through intervention studies, improving patient-provider communication and SDM could likely drive both patient satisfaction and adherence to antidepressants.
Pre-treatment 18F-FDG-PET/CT parameters as biomarkers for progression free survival, best overall response and overall survival in metastatic melanoma patients undergoing first-line immunotherapy
Authors: Peisen Felix , Gerken Annika , Dahm Isabel , Nikolaou Konstantin , Eigentler Thomas , Amaral Teresa , Moltz Jan H. , Othman Ahmed E. , Gatidis Sergios 
Published: January 2024

Background
Checkpoint inhibitors have drastically improved the therapy of patients with advanced melanoma. 18F-FDG-PET/CT parameters might act as biomarkers for response and survival and thus can identify patients that do not benefit from immunotherapy. However, little literature exists on the association of baseline 18F-FDG-PET/CT parameters with progression free survival (PFS), best overall response (BOR), and overall survival (OS).

Materials and methods
Using a whole tumor volume segmentation approach, we investigated in a retrospective registry study (n = 50) whether pre-treatment 18F-FDG-PET/CT parameters of three subgroups (tumor burden, tumor glucose uptake and non-tumoral hematopoietic tissue metabolism), can act as biomarkers for the primary endpoints PFS and BOR as well as for the secondary endpoint OS.

Results
Compared to the sole use of clinical parameters, baseline 18F-FDG-PET/CT parameters did not significantly improve a Cox proportional-hazard model for PFS (C-index/AIC: 0.70/225.17 and 0.68/223.54, respectively; p = 0.14). A binomial logistic regression analysis for BOR was not statistically significant (χ2(15) = 16.44, p = 0.35), with a low amount of explained variance (Nagelkerke’s R2 = 0.38). Mean FDG uptake of the spleen contributed significantly to a Cox proportional-hazard model for OS (HR 3.55, p = 0.04).

Conclusions
The present study could not confirm the capability of the pre-treatment 18F-FDG-PET/CT parameters tumor burden, tumor glucose uptake and non-tumoral hematopoietic tissue metabolism to act as biomarkers for PFS and BOR in metastatic melanoma patients receiving first-line immunotherapy. The documented potential of 18F-FDG uptake by immune-mediating tissues such as the spleen to act as a biomarker for OS has been reproduced.