bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telemedicine is here to Stay: Success and Utility of Video Consultations in Neonatology
Authors: Bhat Zubair Ahmad , Gracy Nithya Babu , Pournami Femitha , Prabhakar Jyothi , Prithvi Ajai Kumar , Kolisambeevi Arif Abdulsalam , Jain Naveen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives:
“Synchronous videoconference telemedicine in neonatal office-practice” (SyNTOP) has been a routine practice in our center since the start of the COVID-19-related lockdown. We recently reported our experience with the “success” of this practice in terms of removing the need to visit the hospital over the next 48 h after the teleconsult.

Methods:
Secondary results of this retrospective descriptive study which analyzed 829 consults are presented in this manuscript. Data from electronic medical records of those who availed teleconsultation facility between March 2020 and April 2021 were retrieved. Relevant information about clinical presentation, findings from the video call, demographic information, decisions made by the clinician, and outcomes were collected. Best efforts were made to obtain follow-up information by the clinical team or guest–patient relations officers.

Results:
Fever (n = 118) and acute diarrheal disease (n = 58) were the common presenting complaints; most (80.5% and 95.5%, respectively) were resolved without physical examination; 265 developmental assessments were completed by video-facilitated checks. Fast-track vaccination visits where queries were resolved and bills paid online, were an innovation where well babies could avoid queues and possible exposure to crowds. One-fourths of SyNTOP were from outside the district, and 1.4% were from foreign countries.

Conclusions:
Teleconsults were successfully conducted in neonatal office practice for different health-care enquiries. Strategies such as fast-track vaccinations and online developmental follow-up assessments were performed by leveraging technology. We highlight the benefits of these innovations in our center with a view to enhance their uptake elsewhere. Such approaches have the potential to increase health equity and access to specialty health care.
Consequences of Changing Lifestyle amongst Indian Millennials on Procreation: An Overview
Authors: Raj Pallvi , Bhardwaj Geeta , Podder Lily 
Published: February 2024

AbstractConventionally, the focus of childbirth-related policies of the Government of India and other non-governmental organisations had been to mitigate teenage pregnancies and child marriage since being of tender age, they are most susceptible to mishaps. This problem has been adequately addressed at present and efforts are on-going in this direction. However, India’s blue-collared corporate workforce is rapidly growing in the age of information technology. Stressed working environment with long work hours for the pressure of completing deadlines, millions of young Indian millennial professionals are heading towards a life full of ailments and health issues and concerns The social, mental and health issues of the Indian millennial have been ignored or rather overseen by the Government, as well as Social Organisations mainly because of them being relatively better in the economic front. The focus of the present article is on late marriage, geriatric pregnancy and related health issues of the Indian millennial and its relevant impact on procreation complication.
Effectiveness of Squeezing Ball Technique on Reduction of Pain during Insertion of Intravenous Cannulation amongst Hospitalised Toddlers in a Selected Hospital, Kolar
Authors: Beneta V. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
The hospitalised children undergo painful procedures during their treatment, like intravenous (IV) cannulation, leading to significant stress and discomfort. Accurate assessment and management of pain in children are vital in promoting comfort during hospitalisation. Psychological interventions like distraction techniques have been shown to be useful in reducing pain intensity.

Aim:
The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effectiveness of the squeezing ball technique in the reduction of pain during IV cannulation amongst hospitalised toddlers in experimental and control groups using the FLACC pain scale and to determine the association of pain score amongst hospitalised toddlers with selected demographical variables in experimental and control groups.

Methods:
A true experimental post-test-only design was adopted. Using the systematic random selection sampling (block number randomisation) technique, 60 hospitalised toddlers aged between 1 and 3 years undergoing IV cannulation, 30 in the intervention group and 30 in the control group, were included in the study. The pain was assessed using the FLACC pain rating scale.

Results:
The result showed that there was a significant decrease in the mean pain score of hospitalised toddlers in the experimental group (pain score = 8.26 ± 1.22) compared to the control group (pain score = 9.0 ± 0.87) during IV cannulation. There was no association between the sociodemographic variables and pain scores of hospitalised toddlers.

Conclusion:
The study reveals that the squeezing ball technique is effective in reducing pain amongst hospitalised toddlers admitted to the children’s ward.
Neonatal Mastauxe – Case Report
Authors: Dayal Era Deepika 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Neonatal mastauxe is a fairly common condition of enlarged breasts in neonates. It is often incorrectly called ‘mastitis neonatorum’. Falling levels of oestrogen after birth are thought to stimulate prolactin secretion which in turn promotes the hypertrophy of breast tissue. Undue manipulation of enlarged neonate’s breasts, a common practice in Indian culture, may complicate the condition, even mandating surgery. The role of nurses in counselling and teaching the family in such cases is important. This case report presents a baby born by lower segment caesarean section in our unit with neonatal mastauxe.
Electrocardiogram Series: Normal Electrocardiogram and Arrhythmia
Authors: James Rintu Tisho , Mahalakshmi  , Chellaiyan Anbarasi , Roshan John , Rhenius Roselin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
An electrocardiogram (ECG) represents the electrical activity of the cardiac cells. The ECG serves as a significant diagnostic test, especially in identifying and managing life-threatening arrhythmias and acute coronary syndrome. With the upsurge of non-communicable diseases, there is a significant increase in heart diseases, especially acute coronary syndrome and arrhythmias. Interpretation of ECG is a skill demanded of nurses irrespective of the healthcare settings for immediate intervention towards enhancing the positive outcome of patients. This article details the simplified interpretation of normal and abnormal ECGs towards updating one’s skill in ECG interpretation.
Capacity Building Programme on Diagnostic and Interventional Cardiology for Registered Nurses through Virtual Mode – Society of Cardiac Nurses-Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes Collaborative Model
Authors: Raj L Suja , Swarnkar Neeraj Kumar , Thomas Dainy , Jyotishana K.P , Kankarwal Monika 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Incorporating virtual modes of continuing education programmes for registered nurses enable their professional development as it overcomes the twin barriers of lack of time and geographical isolation.

Methods:
A course on the Diagnostic and Interventional Cardiology-Capacity Building Programme for nurses was planned and implemented amongst registered nurses in India by the Society of Cardiac Nurses and Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (SOCN-ECHO) collaborative model. The course curriculum included eight modules, and each module was taken once a week as a 2-h session. It consisted of comprehensive sessions dealt with by subject matter experts, case presentations and case discussions. In this study, 52 registered nurses from all over India were enrolled. The mean pre-test and post-test scores were calculated, and a paired t-test was used for statistical significance. The Chi-square test was used to determine the association between knowledge improvement and the characteristics of participants.

Results:
The mean age of the participants was 39.2 ± 8.36 years. Females constituted 92% of the participants. The mean year of experience was 12.4 ± 8.18. There was a significant difference between the mean pre-test (13.62 ± 4.52) and the mean post-test scores (19.38 ± 4.19, P < 0.001). Increased duration of experience as a professional nurse showed a significant association with good improvement in post-test scores (P = 0.01).

Conclusion:
Collaborative education model between professional organisations such as SOCN and Project ECHO was found to be effective in increasing the competency of nurses in specific areas of practice.
Non-pharmacological Intervention Approaches for Common Symptoms in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Haemodialysis: Narrative Review
Authors: Chowdhury Gulshan Roy , Kumar Yogesh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience many bothersome symptoms, affecting their quality of life (QoL). The majority of these patients do not have the opportunity to receive a kidney transplant and need other treatments for these burdensome symptoms to improve their QoL and prognosis. With growing attention to the significance of symptom management in advanced CKD on haemodialysis (HD), the evidence regarding symptoms is increasing.

Methods:
In this review, we briefly summarise the current evidence of non-pharmacologic interventions to improve symptoms and QoL in patients with advanced CKD, on dialysis. Hence, we focused on symptoms that are commonly experienced by patients, such as pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, itching, nausea and vomiting, cognitive impairment and anxiety and depression.

Results:
We noted that research on improving symptom management in CKD is still very limited. In addition to the lack of clinical practice guidelines to address those common symptoms, the evidence to how to incorporate effective symptom intervention approaches into clinical care is also rare.

Conclusion:
Although improving mortality remains an important area in the kidney community, there is an urgent need to focus on improving symptommanagement to improve QoL in advanced CKD on HD.
New onset gender dysphoria in bipolar affective disorder - A case series
Authors: Zahoor Bushra , Bhardwaj Akansha , Sharma Anjali , Raut Nitin , Kataria Dinesh 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Gender confusion in the context of mania is very less frequently described in the literature. The actuality of a primary psychiatric condition in gender identity complaint has significant bearing on the applicable operation and prognostic. This case series describes cases of bipolar affective complaint presenting in a manic occasion whose mania was marked by hypersexuality and the desire to be of opposite gender. Both of these symptoms resolved with treatment of the manic occasion. Case 1 describes a 17-year-old male presenting with an episodic illness, with current manic episode. He is currently interested in boys and has started enjoying feminine activities. Upon treatment, his symptoms showed improvement. Case 2 describes a 22-year-old gay male, with a total duration of 7 years, current episode mania. Now, he is considering himself a lesbian and feels he is mentally a modern female. After 4 months of treatment, there was significant improvement in his complaints and he stopped cross-dressing as a female. Case 3 shows a 21-year-old female, with manic episode. After 1 month, the patient began acting and speaking more like a boy. The patient has shown improvement while taking lithium 900 mg, divalproex sodium 1000 mg, risperidone 6 mg, and chlorpromazine 150 mg. Gender dysphoria occurring along with a psychotic episode and resolving with management of the primary psychiatric disorder are rarely recorded. The central issue in similar cases is a proper workup and diagnosis. Psychiatrists should be aware of this scenario so that proper treatment strategies for gender incongruence can be planned and not be brushed aside as “just another symptom.”
Uniqueness of auditory hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia and depressive disorder
Authors: Ali Tahoora , Kumar Santosh , Chaudhary Bhushan , Chaudhury Suprakash , Verma Pankaj Kumar 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
While over three-quarters of those suffering from schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like illnesses experience auditory hallucinations, 6% of individuals with depressive disorder report the same. Differentiating between auditory hallucinations in these two illnesses is important both diagnostically and prognostically.

Aim:
To compare the characteristics of auditory hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia and depressive disorder.

Materials and Methods:
For both schizophrenia and depressive disorder, 110 patients were selected from inpatients of a tertiary care psychiatric center by purposive sampling. They were assessed with a specially designed proforma containing sociodemographic information, information about clinical features, and characteristics of the Auditory Hallucination Scale.

Results:
Schizophrenia and depressive disorder patients were matched on age, education, occupation, and socioeconomic status. The patients with schizophrenia rated significantly higher on frequency, clarity, tone, intensity, distractibility, self-control, and distress dimensions of auditory hallucinations as compared to patients with depressive disorder.

Conclusion:
The characteristics of auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia differ significantly than those in depressive disorder, which bears significant transdiagnostic importance. Clinical evaluation of these differentiating characteristics of auditory hallucinations may aid in diagnostic workup in patients.
Tensor Ring Based Image Enhancement
Authors: Sedighin Farnaz 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Image enhancement, including image de-noising, super-resolution, registration, reconstruction, in-painting, and so on, is an important issue in different research areas. Different methods which have been exploited for image analysis were mostly based on matrix or low order analysis. However, recent researches show the superior power of tensor-based methods for image enhancement.

Method:
In this article, a new method for image super-resolution using Tensor Ring decomposition has been proposed. The proposed image super-resolution technique has been derived for the super-resolution of low resolution and noisy images. The new approach is based on a modification and extension of previous tensor-based approaches used for super-resolution of datasets. In this method, a weighted combination of the original and the resulting image of the previous stage has been computed and used to provide a new input to the algorithm.

Result:
This enables the method to do the super-resolution and de-noising simultaneously.

Conclusion:
Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach, especially in highly noisy situations.
Tumor resection in stages as a strategy for approaching giant intracranial tumors in childhood
Authors: Furtado Leopoldo Mandic Ferreira , da Costa Val Filho José Aloysio , Sandes Bruno Lacerda , Rodrigues da Costa Gustavo Alberto , Machado Filho Guaracy de Macedo , Alencar Maciel Fernando Levi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Giant pediatric intracranial tumors (GPIT) are associated with high morbidity and mortality and pose a challenge for treatment. This study evaluated the morbimortality-related outcomes of staged resection of GPIT. An observational study was undertaken.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty children with GPIT were retrospectively evaluated for demographics, clinical presentation, histopathology, weight at first intervention, hemotransfusion rate, weight gain between stages, complications, and survival factors. Non-parametric tests were performed owing to the sample size. The significance level adopted was 5% with a 95% confidence interval.

Results:
The average age was 3 years and 11 months. Fourteen (70%) patients had tumors in the supratentorial compartment. Thirty-seven interventions were performed with an average weight gain of 1.7 kg between the stages. The most frequent histological types were choroid plexus carcinomas (3), medulloblastomas (3), atypical rhabdoid teratoid tumor (2), and ganglioglioma (2). The mean blood transfusion rate was 28.4 mg/kg. The mean follow-up duration was 19.8 months (range: 1–68 months).

Conclusion:
The treatment strategy of resecting GPIT in stages proved to be effective in minimizing bleeding, obtaining maximum safe resection, and enabling the patient to recover between procedures. Notably, the degree of malignancy remains the most limiting factor in the survival of these patients.
Acute symptomatic seizures due to metabolic derangements in pediatrics
Authors: Cornelius Leema P , Elango Neeraj , Kuttavajeyaram Venkateswaran 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Seizures due to an underlying metabolic abnormality form an important subset of acute symptomatic seizures in that they are treatable and do not require long-term anticonvulsants. The objective of this study is to determine the clinical and etiological profile of children with metabolic seizures.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective observational study done in children admitted with acute symptomatic seizures who had an underlying metabolic abnormality as the cause of seizures from January 2018 to December 2019 in a tertiary care hospital of South India. Demographic and clinical parameters were noted and relevant investigations including biochemical, neuro imaging, cerebro spinal fluid analysis, electro encephalography were carried out accordingly.

Results:
Among 1256 children admitted with new onset seizures, 408 (32.5%) had acute symptomatic seizures exclusive of febrile seizures and unprovoked seizures, of which 46 (3.7%) were found to have an underlying metabolic abnormality and were analyzed. The ratio of male to female was 1.4:1 and the peak age was infancy, accounting for 62.5%. The leading causes of metabolic seizures included hypocalcemia in 28 (60.9%), hypoglycemia in 16 (34.8%), and hyponatremia in 2 (4.3%). Vitamin D deficiency in 21(75%) was found to be the commonest cause for hypocalcemia, followed by hypomagnesemia, hypoparathyroidism, osteopetrosis, and renal failure. The various causes of hypoglycemia were Addisons disease in 6(37.5%), hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, idiopathic ketotic hypoglycemia, glycogen storage disorder, and fatty acid oxidation defect, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and Laron syndrome. Both children with hyponatremia were diagnosed as congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Conclusion:
Metabolic seizures accounted for 3.7% of new onset seizures and 11.3% of acute symptomatic seizures in our study. Hypocalcemia (60.9%) was found to be the commonest cause of metabolic seizures in children with the majority due to vitamin D deficiency (75%). Addison’s disease (37.5%) was found to be the common cause for hypoglycemia. It is reasonable to estimate serum calcium, magnesium, electrolytes, and glucose in all children presenting with new onset seizures.
A study on neurosonography in neonates with hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy and its correlation with neurodevelopmental outcome
Authors: Mangaraj Nachiketa , Sarangi Pradosh Kumar , Malhotra Vinita , Javed Arij 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a devastating condition causing severe neurologic deficits and deaths in children, occurring in about 1.5 out of 1000 live births. The pattern of brain injury depends on the severity and duration of hypoxia as well as the degree of brain maturation at the time of insult. The prognosis can depend largely on diagnosing the early screening of suspected cases, assessment of severity of the injury, and timely intervention.

Aims and Objectives:
This study is aimed at signifying the importance of neurosonography in neonates with HIE as a diagnostic tool and screening modality in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and at establishing the role of neurosonography and Doppler sonography as an investigatory modality for predicting the neurological damage and influencing their neurodevelopmental outcome.

Design:
This is a prospective longitudinal-type study.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 50 neonates admitted in the NICU were included in the study from January 2017 to August 2018 with FUJIFILM SONOSITE (Bothell, Washington, USA) machine using a high-frequency linear probe (6–12 MHz) and convex probe (2–5 MHz). A total of 50 neonates admitted to the NICU were selected and enrolled in the study after fulfilling the selection criteria. The first scans were obtained within 72 h of birth, and subsequent follow-up scans were done between the 8th and 10th day and on the 30th day. The infants were then followed up after 6 to 12 months for a detailed neurological assessment.

Statistical Analysis Used:
All the statistical analyses were carried out using Fisher’s exact test.

Results:
Out of the eight neurosonographic (NSG) findings analyzed in our study that were found to be associated with hypoxemic brain changes, four of them showed a statistically significant correlation with high positive predictive value (PPV) with poor clinical outcome at 6 to 12 months of age. The PPV of neonates with ventriculomegaly, multicystic leukomalacia, abnormal Doppler indices, and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) was found to be 78%, 80%, 82%, and 87%, respectively.

Conclusions:
Neurosonography was found to be highly significant to predict the clinical outcome in neonates with HIE, and it should be used as the initial screening modality.
A study of second trimester fetal neuroanatomy based on cadaveric dissection technique
Authors: Jain Sonal A , Nadkarni Trimurti D 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
The knowledge of fetal neuroanatomy is essential to advance fetal neurosurgery and the management of preterm neonates.

Aims:
The aim of the present study was to establish second trimester fetal neuroanatomy normative data.

Materials and Methods:
We studied 13 cadaveric fetal specimens of gestational age (GA) 16–20 weeks by observation and the dissection technique. The absolute and standardized dimensions of various fetal cranial structures were noted.

Results:
There were four female and nine male second trimester cadaveric fetal specimens. The crown rump length (CRL) and biparietal diameter (BPD) were measured. The GA ranged from 16.48 to 21.16 weeks, as estimated from the BPD. The range and average values for absolute and standardized dimensions of various fetal cranial structures such as the cerebral hemispheres, skull base, the ventricular system, cerebellum, hippocampus, and caudate nucleus were studied. The effect of shrinkage due to formalin fixation was considered.

Conclusion:
The characterization of second trimester fetal neuroanatomy by the cadaveric dissection technique is feasible. Fetal structures related to the paleocortex are well formed at this stage. The temporality of the emergence of fetal brain sulci is a viable predictor of GA.