bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PROFIL PELAYANAN HANDLING SITOTOKSIK UNTUK PASIEN KANKER DENGAN KEMOTERAPI INTRAVENA DI RSUD Dr. ACHMAD MOCHTAR BUKITTINGGI
Authors: Setiawan Budi , Trisna Mevy , Viviani Santi 
Published: October 2023

Salah satu cara penanganan kanker yang dapat dilakukan adalah kemoterapi dengan menggunakan sitostatika. Untuk mencegah kemungkinan terjadinya paparan sitostatika perlu adanyarekonsitusi sitostatika yang aman ( Safe Handling Sitotoksik ) dengan teknik aseptis yang sesuai SOP. Tujuan penelitian guna mendapatkan gambaran proses Handling Sitotoksik yang aman secara aseptis yang sesuai dengan SOP, dengan sumber daya manusia (SDM ) / tenaga terlatih sebagai pelaksana pada unit kemoterapi RSUD Dr.Achmad Mochtar Bukittinggi. Metode penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi partisipatif. Sampel berupa tindakan pelaksanaan rekonsitusi sitostatika dan dengan menggunakan data pendukung berupa rekam medis pasien, regimen kemoterapi dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 tindakan, Analisa data menggunakan frekuensi persentase.
Dari penelitian yang dilakukan didapatkan hasil sebagai berikut, sarana dan prasarana 90%, ketenagaan 75%, tahap administrasi 87,5%, tahap pelaksanaan rekonsitusi 100%, tahap distribusi 80% dengan penggunaan regimen terapi yang paling banyak yaitu terapi kombinasi sebanyak 83%. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara umum pelayanan farmasi pada unit kemoterapi RSUD Dr.Achmad Mochtar Bukittinggi sudah dilakukan sesuai dengan SOP akan tetapi perlu adanya penambahan jumlah petugas yang terlatih dalam pelaksanaan Handling Sitotoksik ini, guna lebih meningkatkan kwalitas dan efektifitas kerja serta mencegah kemungkinan terjadinya medical error terkait bertambahnya jumlah pemakaian obat sitostatika.
Time-varying and tissue-dependent effects of adiposity on leptin levels: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Richardson Tom G , Leyden Genevieve M , Davey Smith George 
Published: October 2023

Background:Findings from Mendelian randomization (MR) studies are conventionally interpreted as lifelong effects, which typically do not provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of an exposure on an outcome. In this study, we apply two recently developed MR approaches (known as ‘lifecourse’ and ‘tissue-partitioned’ MR) to investigate lifestage-specific effects and tissues of action in the relationship between adiposity and circulating leptin levels.Methods:Genetic instruments for childhood and adult adiposity were incorporated into a multivariable MR (MVMR) framework to estimate lifestage-specific effects on leptin levels measured during early life (mean age: 10 y) in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children and in adulthood (mean age: 55 y) using summary-level data from the deCODE Health study. This was followed by partitioning body mass index (BMI) instruments into those whose effects are putatively mediated by gene expression in either subcutaneous adipose or brain tissues, followed by using MVMR to simultaneously estimate their separate effects on childhood and adult leptin levels.Results:There was strong evidence that childhood adiposity has a direct effect on leptin levels at age 10 y in the lifecourse (β = 1.10 SD change in leptin levels, 95% CI = 0.90–1.30, p=6 × 10-28), whereas evidence of an indirect effect was found on adulthood leptin along the causal pathway involving adulthood body size (β = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.62–0.86, p=1 × 10-33). Tissue-partitioned MR analyses provided evidence to suggest that BMI exerts its effect on leptin levels during both childhood and adulthood via brain tissue-mediated pathways (β = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.22–1.36, p=6 × 10-3 and β = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.32–0.69, p=1 × 10-7, respectively).Conclusions:Our findings demonstrate the use of lifecourse MR to disentangle direct and indirect effects of early-life exposures on time-varying complex outcomes. Furthermore, by integrating tissue-specific data, we highlight the etiological importance of appetite regulation in the effect of adiposity on leptin levels.Funding:This work was supported by the Integrative Epidemiology Unit, which receives funding from the UK Medical Research Council and the University of Bristol (MC_UU_00011/1).
Employee Retention Strategies at Selected IT Organisations, Hyderabad
Authors: Sridevi A. Mamatha , Reddy J. Suresh 
Published: October 2023

Innovative, efficient and effective strategies of an organisation to retain their best talents are called employee retention strategies; a voluntary attrition is a dysfunctional employee turnover where the best employees of an organisation leave the organisation voluntarily. In the present day scenario voluntary attrition is termed as the great resignation [1] in the Information Technology (IT) sector, this great attrition has continued since 2020 and is predicted to continue till 2025 so employee retention has become a challenging task for IT sectors to retain their best talents. Every organisation to gain competitive advantage should follow the best retention strategies. At the end of the Year 2022, software industries recorded an average of 20 to 25% [2] attrition rate which is the highest record that the IT sector has ever seen in the past 10 years and now in the year 2023 it is 17-18% on average in June quarter and is even predicted to continue in the recession period in top IT industries called Brain drain, so tracking the great talent exodus in IT sector has become a critical and ongoing challenge for the IT industries.
This paper empirically reviews the various available reviews of literature and research work already done and this paper also reveals that in addition to monetary benefits there are many other retention strategies to retain the best talents. This paper also studies the perception of employees on employee retention strategies and the relationship between demographic factors like gender, age and experience towards employee retention strategies. The data was collected from 100 employees by convenience sampling procedure and the statistical tools like percentage, mean, regression analysis and ANOVA techniques have been used for data analysis. It has been observed that there is a significant difference between the age of employees and intention to stay and there is a significant impact of retention strategies on the intention of the employee to stay back in the organisation. Each employee is unique in terms of their perception towards employee retention strategies. A strong employee value proposition (EVP) can act as the best retention mantra.
Debt Financing and Operational Efficiency of Companies listed at Nairobi Stock Exchange, Kenya
Authors: James Joseph Kimathi , Mwangi Patricia Gachambi , Mukaria Henry Kimathi 
Published: October 2023

Background: As companies evolve, they confront a myriad of challenges, opportunities, and risks, demanding a laser focus on financial strategies. Within this landscape, the intertwined concepts of debt financing and operational efficiency emerge as critical determinants of a firm's performance and longevity. Debt financing sources presents an intricate landscape in which companies make their financial decisions. However, the existing literature often treats debt financing as a homogenous entity, lacking the granularity required to discern how the specific composition of debt, including the reliance on trade credit versus traditional short-term and long-term bank borrowings, might influence operational efficiency. Thus, this study aimed at identifying the effect of debt financing composition on operational efficiency of companies listed in NSE.
Methods: The research focused on examining the link between debt financing structures and operational efficiency in 50 firms listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE). The study collected panel data ranging between 2015 and 2022. A positivist research philosophy was employed, utilizing quantitative analysis techniques, specifically descriptive statistical analysis and random effects regression model.
Findings: The regression results of the random effects model reveal the relationship between debt financing constructs and operational efficiency. The overall R-squared value for the model is 0.176, suggesting that around 17.6% of the variation in operational efficiency can be explained by the debt financing sub-variables. Furthermore, the model’s goodness of fit is assessed through the Wald chi-square test (χ² =72.61, p = 0.000), confirming its statistical significance. The coefficient for the independent variables trade credit, short-term borrowings, and long-term borrowings are (β = 0.331, p = 0.002), (β = 0.642, p = 0.001), and (β = 0.349, p = 0.001), respectively. The p-values are less than 0.05, indicating that the effects of trade credit, short-term borrowings, and long-term borrowings on the operational efficiency of firms listed at the NSE are statistically significant at the 5% level.
Conclusion and Implications: The study concludes that debt financing comprising of trade credit, short-term borrowing and long-term borrowing have beneficial effects on operational efficiency. While all three sub-variables of debt financing contribute to enhanced operational efficiency, their application in corporate financing practices varies, with long-term borrowing being a common choice for funding total assets. In light of these findings, company managers should recognize debt financing as a strategic tool for improving operational efficiency. This recognition should be accompanied by a careful and thoughtful approach to utilizing the three components of debt: trade credit, short-term borrowing, and long-term borrowing.
Challenges of Implementing Educational Strategic Plans on Students Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Njombe Town Council, Tanzania
Authors: Sanga Notsent Julius , Chaula Egidio , Mhando Salvatory 
Published: October 2023

The study assessed the challenges of implementing education strategic planning in public secondary schools .The study used qualitative research approach and case study research design, were employed whereby data were analyzed through thematic and presentation of themes related to specific objectives. The study used a sample size of 40 respondents; data were collected through interviews, documentary review and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) from four public secondary schools. The findings revealed that education strategic planning has been affected by various challenges such as financial challenge, poor cooperation between teachers and parents, long distance from residence to school, lack of enough science teachers, lack of enough infrastructure, top-down planning model, unstable education policy, poor selections of students from primary schools to public secondary school and lack of enough teaching and learning materials. The study concludes that lack of enough funds is major problem which affects in implementing school strategic planning in whole public secondary schools, Lack of enough science teachers are also factors affecting in implementing education strategic planning. Government should increase education budget for effectiveness implementations of all education strategic plans indicated by public secondary schools. It recommended that Policy makers should make reform on Education policy and curriculum, Government should inform the communities about education strategic plans so as to be familiar with what is going on educational issues. Recommendation for further studies: This study covered only Njombe Town Council specific public secondary schools, so furthermore study should be done in other part of Tanzania and the study conducted only public secondary schools, so the studies should also be conducted in privates’ secondary schools and primary schools.
Assessment of Obstetric Characteristics Associate with Anemia Disease among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics at Garowe General Hospital, Somalia
Authors: Muse Mawlid Abdirisak , Juma Joseph , Ngonjo Teresia 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Existence of anaemia pregnancy women is when it comes to this hematologic abnormality. Hemoglobin deficiency during pregnancy has serious effect on maternal and fetus development, which could prompt high maternal mortality rates.
Purpose of the Study: The purpose of the study was to assess obstetric characteristics associate with anemia disease among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at Garowe general hospital.
Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study design was conducted. Systematic random sampling method was used to select 266 pregnant women. Mothers who attended Antenatal Clinic during the study period and who met the inclusion criteria were interviewed and a capillary blood sample was taken. Hemoglobin level was determined by using HemoCue photometer. A structured questionnaire as well as focus group discussions were held in collecting data. Qualitative data was analyzed using a content technique and quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The inferential statistics entailed a bivariate chi-square analysis and odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) computed to find association between independent and dependent variables. The study found that 46% of the pregnant women in the study were anemic. Obstetric characteristics such as the interval or space between births and the abortion history of the mother was significantly associated with anemia disease.
Recommendation: The study recommends that stakeholders including governments, Non-Governmental Oganization and the private sector in Somalia should seek to increase access to iron and folic acid supplements, should increase education on nutrition. In addition, the study recommends that sanitation and access to clean water should also be enhanced. Finally, the study recommends that the underlying socio-economic factors such as poverty, lack of education, unemployment and poor housing that lead to anemia should be addressed.
Modelling of Earthquake b-and a-Values Using Least Squares and Maximum Likelihood Estimate Methods in Different Tectonic Regions of the World
Authors: Atsu, J. U.  
Published: October 2023

Aims: This study modelled a- and b-values of earthquakes employing the least squares regression and maximum likelihood estimate methods.
Methodology: Data used in the study were obtained from the International Seismological Centre (ISC), an earthquake catalogue of the United Kingdom. The time window was from 1st January 1988 to 31st December 2010 (30 years) with earthquake focal depth of 0-700km and magnitude Mb ≥ 1.3. Ten different locations were selected and a total of 149,965 events were used. The acquired data were processed and analysed using Microsoft Excel and the hypothesis was tested using independent t-test statistics with the aid of Statistical Software for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0.
Results: The findings of the study revealed that the b- and a-values calculated using the least squares regression method were higher than the ones obtained using the maximum likelihood estimate method. Also, the hypothesis revealed that there is a significant difference between the use of the least squares regression method and the maximum likelihood estimate method in the determination of b- and a-value of earthquakes in a given region.
Conclusion: The maximum likelihood estimate gives a better estimate of b- and -a values than the least squares regression method.
Predicting, Validation of Frequency of Transgressive Recombinant Inbred Lines and Minimum Population Size Required to Recover them in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Shilpa, N  , Marappa N.  , Manjunatha, M.  , Jahir Basha, C. R.  
Published: October 2023

Background: Identification of transgressive recombinant inbred lines (RILs) that can be use as pure-line cultivars is the prime objective of a breeder in self-pollinated crops including groundnut.
Aim: Thus, identification of such promising segregating generations assumes importance. This can be achieved by predicting the transgressive RILs that could be derived from advanced generations of segregating population.
Materials and Methods: In our study we predicted and validated transgressive RILs derived from cross TMV 2 × GPBD 4 for five quantitative traits based on estimates of mid parental value [m], additive genetic effects [a] and additive genetic variance [σ2A].
Results: the frequency of transgressive RILs was higher for all the five traits. Primary branches per plant had highest frequency of predicted transgressive RILs with minimum population size of 6.95. Narrow difference between the predicted and realised frequency of RILs was seen.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that this approach could be the efficient in selecting the best breeding population out of many number of crosses made.
Nickel Content of Pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) and Banana (Musa sapientum L.) Sold in Gwagwalada Area Council, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Ogunlade-Anibasa, G. O.  , Mann, K.  
Published: October 2023

Nickel is a heavy metal that can accumulate in plants, potentially posing health risks to consumers if present above recommended levels The present study aimed to determine the nickel (Ni) concentrations in pineapple and banana samples and assess their compliance with the World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization (WHO/FAO) permissible limit for Ni in fruits. Banana and pineapple samples were randomly collected from Gwagwalada Area Council. Nickel concentrations were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), Thermo Fisher ICE Model 3000. After acid digestion by Nitric acid. The results revealed mean Ni concentration of 355±3.44 mg/kg in banana and 333±6.58 mg/kg in pineapples. Comparing these concentrations with the WHO/FAO permissible limit of 67.9 mg/kg, both pineapple and banana samples significantly exceeded the recommended threshold. The nickel (Ni) concentration of banana was 5.2 times higher than the WHO/FAO permissible limit while that of pineapple was 4.9 times higher than the WHO/FAO permissible limit. There was no significant difference in the concentration of both fruits (p>0.05). The elevated Ni levels in these fruits could be attributed to several factors, including the bioavailability of Ni in the soil, farming practices, and environmental contamination. The outcomes of this study provided insights into the potential health risk that could be s associated with the consumption of pineapple and banana. However, this risk posed may depend on how often these fruits are consumed. Some studies have reported that chronic exposure to elevated levels of nickel can have adverse effects on human health, including respiratory issues, allergic reactions, and carcinogenicity. Monitoring of heavy metal content of fruits and other foods is recommended to prevent long term build up of nickel and other heavy metals in fruits and food crops.
Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Booster Against Omicron Infection Among Quarantined Close Contacts
Authors: Liu Di , Feng Siyang , Sha Feng , Liao Yuxue , Xie Xu , Huang Fang , Kong Dongfeng , Zhang Zhen , Chen Zhigao , Chen Nixuan , Gao Wei , Feng Tiejian , Zhao Ziyi , Li Bingli , Li Ying , Zhu Fengcai , Yang Zhirong , Lv Qiuying , Feng Zijian , Tang Jinling 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceAssessment of additional protection of a booster dose with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is key to developing vaccination strategies for billions of people worldwide who have received the primary 2-dose regimen.ObjectiveTo estimate the relative effectiveness of a booster dose of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine against Omicron infection.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study was conducted among primary close contacts without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection identified in Shenzhen, China, between February and October 2022. Multiple strict nucleic acid testing and symptom surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 infection were regularly conducted during the 7-day centralized plus 7-day home-based quarantine.ExposureA booster with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine vs no booster after receipt of the primary 2-dose inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine regimen.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes were overall, symptomatic, and asymptomatic infections. Secondary outcomes were length of incubation and level of cycle threshold values. All the outcomes were assessed during the quarantine period.ResultsAmong 119 438 eligible participants (mean [SD] age, 37.6 [12.0] years; 66 201 men [55.4%]), 86 251 (72.2%) received a booster dose of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and 33 187 (27.8%) did not. A total of 671 cases infected with Omicron BA.2 were confirmed (464 symptomatic and 207 asymptomatic), and no severe infection or death events were observed. At a median (IQR) duration of 111 (75 to 134) days after booster vaccination, the relative effectiveness of a booster was 32.2% (95% CI, 11.3% to 48.2%) for overall infection, 23.8% (95% CI, −8.2% to 46.4%) for symptomatic infection, and 43.3% (95% CI, 12.3% to 63.3%) for asymptomatic infection. The effectiveness against overall infection changed nonlinearly over time following booster vaccination: 44.9% (95% CI, 4.9% to 68.1%) within 60 days, 50.4% (95% CI, 23.7% to 67.7%) at 61 to 120 days, 29.1% (95% CI, −4.8% to 52.1%) at 121 to 180 days, and 19.4% (95% CI, −14.4% to 43.2%) after 180 days (nonlinear P = .03). The effectiveness did not vary significantly according to the interval between booster vaccination and completion of primary vaccination. There was no association of booster vaccination with incubation or cycle threshold values.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, a booster dose of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine provided additional moderate protection against mild infection for 120 days after receipt, but more research is needed to determine the optimal timing of a booster and its effectiveness in preventing severe infection for a longer duration.