bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of two norovirus outbreaks linked to drinking water contaminated with multiple GII strains in a rural county—Chongqing, China, 2021
Authors: Li Tingting , Peng Jingyao , Li Qin , Li Baisong , Yuan Yi , Yang Chuan , Yang Di , Tang Wenge , Qi Li 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundsNorovirus is leading cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis outbreaks globally, characterized by different strains prevalent in different countries and regions.MethodsCases were defined as individuals experiencing diarrhea ≥3 times/24 h, and/or vomiting ≥2 times/24 h in two villages between January 28 and February 9, 2021. Investigations were conducted to identify causes. Cases were interviewed using a standardized in-person form to collect data on potential risk factors. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to investigate the role of the spring water supply as the outbreak source. Residents from neighboring villages with different water sources served as the unexposed population. Stool specimens, rectal swabs, and water samples were tested using quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, with subsequent sequencing performed on pathogen-positive specimens.ResultsVillage-specific attack rates were 21.93% (123/561) and 26.99% (88/326), respectively. Evidence from both epidemiological and laboratory tests was consistent. Drinking spring water was statistically associated with the two outbreaks (RR = 41.8 and 79.2, respectively). In both outbreaks, stool specimens, rectal swabs, and water samples tested positive for norovirus. Specifically, GII.2 (P16) and GII.17 (P17) were identified in outbreak A, and GII.4 Sydney (P16) and GII.1 (P16) in outbreak B.ConclusionThese two independent gastroenteritis outbreaks share similarities, both being linked to norovirus GII strains. The contaminated spring drinking water was identified as the probable source and was promptly closed and subjected to disinfection procedures. These findings reinforce the importance of implementing sanitation and environmental disinfection measures in rural areas, especially during the periods of increased rainfall.
Does basic medical insurance promote public health? Evidence from China family panel study
Authors: Liao Fuchong , Hu Wenxiu , Zhang Chun 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundTo promote common prosperity, China government has devoted much financial resources to the basic medical insurance system, it is of great significance to improve the health level of the insured groups to prevent them from returning to poverty due to illness. Whether or not the basic medical insurance can improve health status is an important policy issue after China has win the absolute poverty alleviation movement.MethodsBased on the data of China Family Panel Studies this paper constructs a strong balanced panel data with two levels information, which including variables from family level and personal level. This paper uses the panel data fixed effect model and propensity score matching model to analysis.ResultsThis paper finds that after controlling the family and personal confounding variables, the basic medical insurance has positive effect toward health status. With propensity score matching model, this paper finds that there is causality between basic medical insurance and public health.ConclusionBasic medical insurance has a significant health effect, that is, basic medical insurance has a significant positive impact on individual self-rated health. Participating in basic medical insurance can significantly improve the ability of families to face risk shocks, promote the accumulation of health capital in families, promote the diversification of livelihood strategies, and effectively prevent the occurrence of returning to poverty due to illness.
Comparing the response of the indigenous microbial community to crude oil amendment in oxic versus hypoxic conditions
Authors: Griffiths Z. G. , Putt Andrew D. , Miller J. I. , Campa Maria Fernanda , Joyner Dominique C. , Pelz O. , Garajayeva Nargiz , Ceccopieri M. , Gardinali P. , Hazen Terry C. 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThe Caspian Sea is the world’s largest landlocked saline lake which lies between Europe and Asia. This region is particularly known for its large-scale oil reserves, pipelines, and drilling activities, which have contributed to the environmental decline of this lake. In addition to pollution from the petroleum industry, drainage from various river basins brings an influx of residential, industrial, and agricultural effluents that induce eutrophication and hypoxic conditions in deeper, colder waters, creating an oxygen gradient. The temperature and oxygen stratification in this environment has presented a unique opportunity to investigate the potential of the biodegradative processes carried out by the indigenous microbial community. We believe these indigenous microbes possess different metabolic capabilities to degrade oil as they adapted to declining oxygen concentrations and temperatures with increasing depths over a prolonged period. Hence, community structure and composition will vary with depth.MethodsMicrocosms were set up to observe the indigenous microbial reaction after a 60 ppm native crude oil amendment over 115 days. Surface water microcosms were incubated at 28ºC and aerated while deep water microcosms were incubated at 8ºC under anaerobic conditions. These two environmental conditions represent the temperature and oxygen extremes along the gradient and were selected as we try to simulate the indigenous community’s response to this oil contamination. DNA was extracted and amplified from these microcosms and sequenced. Bioinformatic analysis was performed to track changes in the abundance of taxa present and biodiversity over different time points to show the progression of community structure.ResultsAll microcosms showed the presence of hydrocarbon-degrading phyla, whose presence is consistent with other reports from oil-enriched environments. However, distinct communities were observed in oxic versus hypoxic microcosms.ConclusionOrders of Bacteria related to sulfate and nitrogen cycling were found in hypoxic microcosms, indicating a possible mechanism for the anaerobic biodegradation of crude oil. GC-MS analysis of initial and final microcosms also provided evidence of degradation of hydrocarbon fractions in both warm, oxic and cold, hypoxic conditions.
Sexual and reproductive health experiences, access to services, and sources of information among university students in Ethiopia
Authors: Chekol Bekalu Mossie , Sheehy Grace , Siraneh Yibeltal 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionAdolescence and youth are times of major growth and change that can place young people at elevated risk of poor sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes, particularly when they are living away from home for the first time. Understanding the barriers that young people face when accessing SRH services and information is imperative for addressing their SRH needs; our study explored this topic among university students in Ethiopia. Specifically, we explore university students' SRH experiences, access to services, and preferred sources of information.MethodsWe draw on mixed-methods research conducted in four public universities across Ethiopia in early 2020. A random sample of 822 male and female students completed a cross-sectional survey that explored SRH knowledge, attitudes, experiences, and sources of information. We also conducted 8 focus group discussions with students and 8 key informant interviews across the four universities. Survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and we used structural coding and inductive analysis to analyze qualitative data.ResultsThe survey data demonstrated that condoms and emergency contraceptive pills were the most used contraceptive methods. Nearly 18% of female students had experienced an unwanted pregnancy, and 14% reported having had an abortion. Approximately one-third of students reported encountering gender-based violence in the past 6 months. Most students preferred receiving SRH information from mass media, and male students were more likely than female students to seek information from friends. Our qualitative findings highlight a lack of comprehensive SRH care available on university campuses, and services that are available are often of poor quality; participants described a lack of privacy, confidentiality and respect when accessing SRH care at school. University students also lack regular opportunities to learn about SRH while on campus, and their preferred sources of information varied widely.DiscussionEthiopian university students have considerable unmet demand for SRH services and often face significant barriers to accessing high-quality information and services on campus. Consistent commitment and investment by universities and the government is vital to meeting the SRH needs of young people during this potentially vulnerable time.
Fabrication, Crystal Structures, Catalytic, and Anti-Wear Performance of 3D Zinc(II) and Cadmium(II) Coordination Polymers Based on an Ether-Bridged Tetracarboxylate Ligand
Authors: Zhao Zheng-Hua , Zhang Qin , Liu Yu-Feng , Gu Jin-Zhong , Shi Zi-Fa 
Published: December 2023

Two 3D Zn(II) and Cd(II) coordination polymers, [Zn2(µ4-dppa)(µ-dpe)(µ-H2O)]n·nH2O (1) and [Cd2(µ8-dppa)(µ-dpe)(H2O)]n (2), have been constructed hydrothermally using 4-(3,5-dicarboxyphenoxy)phthalic acid (H4dppa), 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene (dpe), and zinc or cadmium chlorides. Both compounds feature 3D network structures. Their structure and topology, thermal stability, catalytic, and anti-wear properties were investigated. Particularly, excellent catalytic performance was displayed by zinc(II)-polymer 1 in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction at room temperature.
L’entrainement haltérophile pour des compétitions de niveau régional et au-dessus
Authors: Poumarat Georges 
Published: December 2023

L’haltérophilie est un sport réputé pour développer spécifiquement les qualités de force, mais en raison des conceptions appliquées en matière d'entraînement, le retentissement sur l'organisme ne paraît pas pris en compte ou bien est considéré comme défavorable sur les systèmes réputés comme plus particulièrement sollicités par cette activité.
Nous proposons un programme d'entraînement basé sur des considérations physio-énergétiques : anaérobie alactique au plan musculaire local (muscles spécifiques du geste haltérophile) et si possible aérobie au plan cardio-vasculaire général.
Il s'agit d'un entraînement à base de séries longues (4 fois 10 répétitions toutes les 20 à 25 sec. à l'Arraché et à 1'Epaulé-jeté) sur les mouvements olympiques 4 fois par semaine, appliqué à 10 haltérophiles âgés de 16 à 22 ans de niveau régional (10 témoins suivaient un entraînement dit traditionnel quantativement équivalent).
L'entraînement décrit, régulièrement suivi, aboutit, comparativement aux témoins, à des résultats plus rapides.
D'autre part, nous avons pu constater l’inocuité d'un tel entraînement sur les grands systèmes : cardio-vasculaire et ostéo-articulaire
Forgotten but Undecomputed Infection of the XXI Century – Diphtheria (Part 2)
Authors: Сергиенко Е.Н. , Рыбак Н.А. , Федорова И.В. , Матуш Л.И. , Романова О.Н. , Рыбак В.Р. 
Published: December 2023

Дифтерия относится к числу опасных заболеваний, угрожающих жизни человека. Иммунизация является единственным средством создания благоприятной эпидемической ситуации. Обеспечение невосприимчивости населения к этой инфекции предупреждает подъем заболеваемости и распространение дифтерии среди населения. Особую актуальность приобретает проведение эпидемиологического надзора, включающего тщательный контроль за основополагающими факторами, определяющими благополучную эпидситуацию, поскольку сохраняется резервуар возбудителя в форме носительства. В статье представлены клинические особенности дифтерии, клинические случаи и подходы к вакцинопрофилактике в Республике Беларусь.
Diphtheria is one of the dangerous diseases that threaten human life. Immunization is the only way to create a favorable epidemic situation. Ensuring the immunity of the population to this infection prevents the rise in the incidence and spread of diphtheria among the population. Of particular relevance is the conduct of epidemiological surveillance, which includes careful monitoring of the fundamental factors that determine a favorable epidemiological situation, since the reservoir of the pathogen remains in the form of carriage. The article presents the clinical features of diphtheria, clinical cases and approaches to vaccination in the Republic of Belarus.
Pengaruh dosis pupuk npk phonska dan berbagai jenis zat perangsang tumbuh alami terhadap pertumbuhan bibit tanaman kopi arabika (Coffea Arabica L)
Authors: Susanto Anugra , Karim Harli A , Satriani Satriani 
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Mannababa, Kecamatan Tandukkalua, Kabupaten Mamasa, Provinsi Sulawesi Barat, pada bulan September sampai November 2021. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam bentuk Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu Dosis Pupuk NPK Phonska (P) yang meliputi tiga taraf: (P1) NPK Phonska 7 gram, (P2) NPK Phonska 14 gram, (P3) NPK Phonska 21 gram. Faktor kedua yaitu: pemberian ZPT Alami (Z) yang meliputi empat taraf yaitu: (ZO) Tanpa ZPT, (Z1) ZPT Bawang Merah, (Z2) ZPT Rebung, (Z3) ZPT Jagung Mudah. Tanaman Kopi (Coffea Arabica L) merupakan tanaman yang menghasilkan biji-bijian yang digunakan sebagai pembuatan minuman dengan kata lain kopi adalah bahan baku sebagai pembuatan minuman yang dapat menyegarkan pikiran. Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang budidaya tanaman kopi, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian agar mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menentukan pertumbuhan seperti pemberian pupuk NPK Phonska dan berbagai jenis Zat Perangsang Tumbuh Alami. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk NPK Phonska dengan Dosis 21 gram pertanaman memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap parameter jumlah daun pada umur 12 mst.
Acceptance, tolerability, and effect of COVID-19 vaccination on disease activity in a cohort of Egyptian systemic lupus erythematosus patients: Real-life experience
Authors: Abu-Zaid Mohamed Hassan , Aly Hany M. , Moshrif Abdelhfeez , Noor Rasha Abdel , El-Ghobashy Nehal 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective: To assess the tolerance and effects of COVID-19 vaccination in Egyptian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), such as incident flare risk, based on the patient’s perspective.
Methods: SLE patients were included in this multicenter cross-sectional questionnaire-based analysis. Data included demographic and clinical features, prior COVID-19 infection, vaccine acceptability, type of vaccination, disease status before and after vaccination, and related side effects.
Results: The total number of patients included was 230. Ages ranged from 18 to 64 years, disease duration from 1 to 15 years, and 92.6% were females. Only 31.7% of the study population were COVID-infected; most (70.7%) were treated at home, while 1.2% needed ICU. In contrast, 53% of our patients were vaccinated, and 47% were not vaccinated, primarily due to fear of side effects or disease flare. After the first dose of vaccination, 44.1% reported vaccine-related side effects, of which fatigue, fever, myalgia, as well as injection site reaction were the prevalent complications. The highest incidence of side effects was in AstraZeneca (78%), while the least was in Sinopharm (29.6%). 16.3% of vaccinated patients were COVID infected after vaccination, and 88.2% were treated at home. Only 14.6% of the vaccinated population experienced a lupus flare, primarily after the first dose, with no significant difference between the type of vaccine and lupus flares.
Conclusion: The acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among our lupus patients was neutral. The observed adverse effects were comparable to those reported by healthy individuals. Post-vaccination lupus flares were infrequent and unrelated to the vaccine type but rather to the pre-vaccination disease activity state.
Keywords: Lupus, COVID, Vaccine, Flare
Clinical case of patient with Cryopyrin-associated Periodic Syndrome (Muckle-Wells syndrome) and systemic lupus erhythematodes
Authors: Reshkova Valentina Simeonova , Monov Simeon 
Published: December 2023

Muckle-Wells syndrome is a cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome with an autosomal dominant transmission pattern. The disease characterized by episodes of step move. We present a clinical case a woman of 34-years old with cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (Muckle-Wells syndrome) and systemic lupus erhythematodes (SLE). Patient is a heterozygous carrier of a 3-nucleotide duplication in exon 3 of the NLRP3 gene (c.1315_1317dupGCG), inserting an alanine between amino acid positions 439 and 440 (p.Ala439dup). This mutation is a characteristic with Muckle-wells syndrome. From the clinical examination she has clinical symptoms of SLE with moderate activity from SLEDAI = 9 points (“malar rash”, arthritis, leucopenia with lymphopenia, elevated levels of ANA-antibodys and anti-dsDNA-antibodys). Patient was treatment with methylprednisolone 12 mg daily, methotrexate 15 mg weekly, colchicin 2 time of 0,5 mg daily. Over 3 months patient has partial improvement of symptoms without full reduction. On the moment patient lives in Germany and has treatment with Anakinra with excellent results and good quality of life. In the literature is not found other with connection between cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (Muckle-Wells syndrome) and connective tissue disease.
By the basic technical solutions GOST 70953-2023 is a new tool for improving the quality of wastewater treatment facilities projects
Authors: Данилович Д.А. 
Published: December 2023

Описаны проблемы, возникающие при проектировании канализационных очистных сооружений. Приведены цели и задачи разработки ГОСТ 70953-2023 «Канализационные очистные сооружения. Строительство и реконструкция. Основные технические решения. Требования к разработке, структуре и содержанию в целях обеспечения оптимальных капитальных затрат и эксплуатационных показателей», который вводится в действие с 2024 г. Изложены основы концепции данного стандарта, его основные понятия, преимущества по отношению к сложившейся до стандартизации практике проектирования канализационных очистных сооружений. Приведено краткое содержание основных разделов ГОСТ, в частности, требования к составу основных технических решений, отчету по их разработке и утверждаемой части.
The problems that arise while designing wastewater treatment facilities are described. The goals and objectives are given of developing GOST 70953-2023 «Wastewater treatment facilities. Construction and reconstruction. Basic technical solutions. Requirements for the development, structure and content in order to ensure the optimal capital costs and operational performance», that will come into force in 2024. The fundamentals of the concept of this standard, its basic definitions, and advantages in relation to the practice of designing wastewater treatment facilities that prevailed prior to the standardization are outlined. A brief summary of the main sections of GOST is given, in particular, the requirements for the composition of the main technical solutions, the report on their development and the approvals package.
Study of surface runoff characteristics
Authors: Янцен О.В. , Гогина Е.С. , Колосова К.Г. , Спасибо Е.В. 
Published: December 2023

Представлены результаты исследований поверхностных сточных вод (дождевых и талых). Определен качественный состав поверхностных сточных вод с различных территорий водосбора в городской среде для последующей оценки возможности их разделения, локальной очистки и повторного использования. Рассмотрены проблемы разграничения ответственности, связанные со сбросом загрязненных поверхностных сточных вод, предложены возможные пути решения обозначенных проблем. Результаты проведенных исследований свидетельствуют о возможности рационального использования юридическими абонентами поверхностной сточной воды для разделения потоков и составления планов снижения сброса. Целесообразно повторное использование дождевых и талых сточных вод, собранных с кровли здания, в том числе в качестве технической воды для ряда объектов с применением минимального количества очистного оборудования.
The results of studies of surface runoff (rainfall and snow-melt waters) are presented. The qualitative composition of surface runoff from various catchment areas in the urban environment was determined for the subsequent estimation of their possible splitting, local treatment and reuse. The problems of battery limits associated with the discharge of polluted surface runoff are considered, and possible ways to solve the identified problems are proposed. The results of the studies prove the possibility of rational use of surface runoff by legal customers to split the flows and draw up discharge reduction plans. It is advisable to reuse rainfall and snow-melt waters collected from the roof of a building, including as process water for a number of facilities using a minimum amount of the treatment equipment.
Bottom-up vertical GaN nanocolumn Schottky barrier diodes with extremely high packing density grown by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Shimada Hiroyuki , Kariyazono Hironobu , Nakagawa Yohei , Terao Shinji , Takayanagi Kentaro , Akasaka Koichiro , Ishizawa Shunsuke , Morozumi Koichi , Asakawa Tsutomu , Togashi Rie , Kishino Katsumi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we report achieving extremely high-density packing in high-voltage vertical gallium nitride (GaN) nanocolumn Schottky barrier diodes (NC-SBDs) through the adoption of a bottom-up process. The NC-SBDs were formed via epitaxial growth using Titanium-mask selective area growth (Ti-SAG) by rf-plasma-assisted MBE (rf-MBE), realizing a packing density equivalent to exceeding 10 million columns/mm2. Our fabricated NC-SBDs with a period of 300 nm, a diameter of 250 nm, and a drift length of 1.3 μm demonstrated a breakdown voltage (BV) of 260 V with an on-resistance of 2.0 mΩcm2, yielding an excellent figure of merit of 33.8 MW/cm2 for nanocolumn-based high-voltage devices. We also discuss dielectric reduced surface field effect and impurities within the nanocolumns as potential factors contributing to the achievement of higher BV devices.
Statistical model of electronic structure in InAs, InP, GaSb, and Si quantum dots with surface roughness
Authors: Lim Jin Hyong , Mori Nobuya 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Simulations based on the sp
3
d
5
s
* empirical tight-binding method were performed to provide a statistical understanding of the electronic structures and bandgap distributions of III–V (InAs, InP, GaSb) and IV (Si) semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) with surface roughness. The electronic states and wavefunctions of QDs with surface roughness of different sizes, shapes, and materials were computed. The effects of surface roughness on the electronic structures and the bandgap distributions of QDs were investigated. The results show that the bandgaps of QDs of considered materials/sizes/shapes increase on average when introducing surface roughness. It is shown that the simulated bandgap distributions of QDs with surface roughness can be reproduced by a simple model formula, which can be applied to different materials, sizes, and shapes. The model formula was derived by assuming that removing and adding of one atom procedures are independent random processes.