bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiation shielding effects of lead equivalent thickness of a radiation protective apron and distance during C-arm fluoroscopy-guided pain interventions: A randomized trial
Authors: Kim Cho Long , Jeong Hae Chang , Kim Jae Hun 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The present study aimed to evaluate the degree of radiation shielding effects according to lead equivalent thickness and distance during C-arm fluoroscopy-guided lumbar interventions.

Methods:
The exposure time and air kerma were recorded using a fluoroscope. The effective dose (ED) was measured with and without the shielding material of the lead apron using 2 dosimeters at 2 positions. According to the lead equivalent thickness of the shielding material and distance from the side of the table, the groups were divided into 4 groups: group 1 (lead equivalent thickness 0.6 mm, distance 0 cm), group 2 (lead equivalent thickness 0.6 mm, distance 5 cm), group 3 (lead equivalent thickness 0.3 mm, distance 0 cm), and group 4 (lead equivalent thickness 0.3 mm, distance 5 cm). Mean differences such as air kerma, exposure time, ED, and ratio of EDs (ED with protector/ED without protector) were analyzed.

Results:
A total of 400 cases (100 cases in each group) were collected. The ratio of ED was significantly lower in groups 1 and 2 (9.18 ± 2.78% and 9.56 ± 3.29%, respectively) when compared to that of groups 3 and 4 (21.93 ± 4.19% and 21.53 ± 4.30%, respectively). The reductive effect of a 5-cm distance was 33.3% to 36.1% when comparing the ED between groups 1 and 2 and groups 3 and 4.

Conclusions:
The 0.3- and 0.6-mm lead equivalent thickness protectors have a radiation attenuation effect of 78.1% to 78.5% and 90.4% to 90.8%, respectively. The 5-cm distance from the side of the table reduces radiation exposure by 33.3% to 36.1%.
Exploring the top-cited literature in telerehabilitation for joint replacement using the descriptive, diagnostic, predictive, and prescriptive analytics model: A thematic and bibliometric analysis
Authors: Chuang Hua-Ying , Ho Sam Yu-Chieh , Chou Willy , Tsai Chia-Liang 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Telerehabilitation offers a novel approach supplementing or replacing traditional physical rehabilitation. While research on telerehabilitation for joint replacement (TJR) has expanded, no study has investigated the top 100 cited articles (T100TJR) using the descriptive, diagnostic, predictive, and prescriptive analytics (DDPP) model. This study aims to examine the features of T100TJR in TJR through the DDPP approaches.

Methods:
A comprehensive search of the Web of Science Core Collection was conducted to locate all pertinent English-language documents from the database’s inception until August 2, 2023. The T100TJR articles were then identified based on citation counts. The DDPP analytics model, along with 7 visualization techniques, was used to analyze metadata elements such as countries, institutions, journals, authors, references, and keywords. An impact timeline view was employed to highlight 2 particularly noteworthy articles.

Results:
We analyzed 712 articles and observed a consistent upward trend in publications, culminating in a noticeable peak in 2022. The United States stood out as the primary contributor. A detailed examination of the top 100 articles (T100TJR) revealed the following leading contributors since 2010: the United States (by country), University of Sherbrooke, Canada (by institutions), 2017 (by publication year), and Dr Hawker from Canada (by authors). We delineated 4 major themes within these articles. The theme “replacement” dominated, featuring in 89% of them. There was a strong correlation between the citations an article garnered and its keyword prominence (F = 3030.37; P < .0001). Additionally, 2 particularly high-impact articles were underscored for recommendation.

Conclusions:
Telerehabilitation for TJR has seen rising interest, with the U.S. leading contributions. The study highlighted dominant themes, especially “replacement,” in top-cited articles. The significant correlation between article citations and keyword importance indicates the criticality of keyword selection. The research underscores the importance of 2 pivotal articles, recommending them for deeper insights.
Supraspinal control of motoneurons after paralysis enabled by spinal cord stimulation
Authors: Balaguer Josep-Maria , Prat-Ortega Genis , Verma Nikhil , Yadav Prakarsh , Sorensen Erynn , de Freitas Roberto , Ensel Scott , Borda Luigi , Donadio Serena , Liang Lucy , Ho Jonathan , Damiani Arianna , Grigsby Erinn , Fields Daryl P. , Gonzalez-Martinez Jorge A. , Gerszten Peter C. , Fisher Lee E. , Weber Douglas J. , Pirondini Elvira , Capogrosso Marco 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTSpinal cord stimulation (SCS) restores motor control after spinal cord injury (SCI) and stroke. This evidence led to the hypothesis that SCS facilitates residual supraspinal inputs to spinal motoneurons. Instead, here we show that SCS does not facilitate residual supraspinal inputs but directly triggers motoneurons action potentials. However, supraspinal inputs can shape SCS-mediated activity, mimicking volitional control of motoneuron firing. Specifically, by combining simulations, intraspinal electrophysiology in monkeys and single motor unit recordings in humans with motor paralysis, we found that residual supraspinal inputs transform subthreshold SCS-induced excitatory postsynaptic potentials into suprathreshold events. We then demonstrated that only a restricted set of stimulation parameters enables volitional control of motoneuron firing and that lesion severity further restricts the set of effective parameters. Our results explain the facilitation of voluntary motor control during SCS while predicting the limitations of this neurotechnology in cases of severe loss of supraspinal axons.
Association of Alcohol Intake with the Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in Persons ≥65 Years Old in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Cohort
Authors: Li Louis Y , Li Linzi , Chen Lin Yee , Soliman Elsayed Z , Alonso Alvaro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe association of alcohol intake with incident atrial fibrillation (AF) remains controversial, particularly among older individuals at higher risk of AF. This study explores the association of alcohol intake with incident AF in persons ≥65 years old in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort.MethodsData were obtained from ARIC, a community-based cohort aiming to identify risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Alcohol intake was assessed through interviewer-administered questionnaires. Incident AF was ascertained between the 2011-2013 visit and 2019. Participants were classified as current, former, or never drinkers. Former drinkers were further categorized on weekly alcohol consumption: light, moderate, heavy. Covariates included demographic characteristics, prevalent cardiovascular disease, and other risk factors. The association between drinking characteristics and incident AF was analyzed using Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsThere were 5,131 participants with mean (SD) age 75.2 (5.0) years, 41% male, 23% Black, and 739 (14%) cases of incident AF. Current (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.83-1.29) and former (HR 1.16, 95% CI 0.93-1.45) drinkers had a similar risk of incident AF compared to never drinkers. Incident AF was similar across categories of alcohol consumption in former drinkers (heavy drinkers [HR 1.14, 95% CI 0.84-1.55], moderate drinkers [HR 1.15, 95% CI 0.75-1.78) compared to light drinkers). Risk of AF did not differ per 5-year increase in years of abstinence (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.96-1.03). There was an increase in the risk per 5-year increase in years of drinking (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.96-1.19).ConclusionWe did not find consistent evidence supporting an increased risk of AF associated with alcohol intake in persons aged 65 and older, highlighting the need to further explore this relationship in older populations.
A combined frequency domain near infrared spectroscopy and diffuse correlation spectroscopy system for comprehensive metabolic monitoring of inspiratory muscles during loading
Authors: Gómez Carlos A. , Brochard Laurent , Goligher Ewan C. , Rozenberg Dmitry , Reid W. Darlene , Roblyer Darren 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSignificanceMechanical ventilation (MV) is a cornerstone technology in the intensive care unit as it assists with the delivery of oxygen in critical ill patients. The process of weaning patients from MV can be long, and arduous and can lead to serious complications for many patients. Despite the known importance of inspiratory muscle function in the success of weaning, current clinical standards do not include direct monitoring of these muscles.AimThe goal of this project was to develop and validate a combined frequency domain near infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) system for the noninvasive characterization of inspiratory muscle response to a load.ApproachThe system was fabricated by combining a custom digital FD-NIRS and DCS system. It was validated via liquid phantom titrations and a healthy volunteer study. The sternocleidomastoid (SCM), an accessory muscle of inspiration, was monitored during a short loading period in fourteen young healthy volunteer. Volunteers performed two different respiratory exercises, a moderate and high load, which consisted of a one-minute baseline, a one-minute load, and a six-minute recovery period.ResultsThe system has low crosstalk between absorption, reduced scattering, and flow when tested in a set of liquid titrations. Faster dynamics were observed for changes in blood flow index (BFi), and metabolic rate of oxygen (MRO2) compared to hemoglobin + myoglobin (Hb+Mb) based parameters after the onset of loads in males. Additionally, larger percent changes in BFi, and MRO2were observed compared to Hb+Mb parameters in both males and females. There were also sex differences in baseline values of oxygenated Hb+Mb, total Hb+Mb, and tissue saturation.ConclusionThe dynamic characteristics of Hb+Mb concentration and blood flow were distinct during loading of the SCM, suggesting that the combination of FD-NIRS and DCS may provide a more complete picture of inspiratory muscle dynamics.
The impact of CSF-filled cavities on scalp EEG and its implications
Authors: Piai Vitória , Oostenveld Robert , Schoffelen Jan Mathijs , Piastra Maria-Carla 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have found EEG amplitude and scalp topography differences between neurotypical and neurological/neurosurgical groups, being interpreted at the cognitive level. However, these comparisons are invariably accompanied by anatomical changes. Critical to EEG are the so-called volume currents, which are affected by the spatial distribution of the different tissues in the head. We investigated the effect of CSF-filled cavities on simulated EEG scalp data. We simulated EEG scalp potentials for known sources using different volume conduction models: a reference model (i.e., unlesioned brain) and models with realistic CSF-filled cavities gradually increasing in size. We used this approach for a single source close or far from the CSF-lesion cavity, and for a scenario with a distributed configuration of sources (i.e., a “cognitive ERP effect”). Magnitude and topography error between the reference and lesion models were quantified. For the single-source simulation close to the lesion, the CSF-filled lesion modulated signal amplitude with more than 17% magnitude error, and topography with more than 9% topographical error. Negligible modulation was found for the single source far from the lesion. For the multi-source simulations of the cognitive effect, the CSF-filled lesion modulated signal amplitude with more than 6% magnitude error, and topography with more than 16% topography error in a non-monotonic fashion. In conclusion, the impact of a CSF-filled cavity cannot be neglected for scalp-level EEG data. Especially when group-level comparisons are made, any scalp-level attenuated, aberrant, or absent effects are difficult to interpret without considering the confounding effect of CSF.Impact statementPrevious studies have found EEG amplitude and scalp topography differences between neurotypical and neurological/neurosurgical groups (whose brain damage leads to the presence of a CSF-filled cavity), being interpreted at the cognitive level. Via simulations of scalp-level EEG patterns, we show that attenuated, aberrant, or absent effects in these comparisons are difficult to interpret without considering the confounding effect of CSF.FundingThis study was partly supported by grants from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek [NWO]) to V. P. (451-17-003 and VI.Vidi.201.081) and to the Language in Interaction Consortium (024-001-006).CRediTVP:Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal Analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editingRO:Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Writing – review & editingJMS:Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Writing – review & editingMCP:Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing
From lichens to crops: Pathogenic potential ofPseudomonas syringaefromPeltigeralichens is similar to world-wide epidemic strains
Authors: Ramírez Natalia , Caullireau Emma , Sigurbjörnsdóttir Margrét Auður , Vandelle Elodie , Vilhelmsson Oddur , Morris Cindy E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe presence of bacteria belonging to thePseudomonas syringaecomplex (P. syringae) in the natural vegetation of several Icelandic habitat types has been recently reported, raising questions about the risk to Icelandic crops, particularly given the expected increase in agricultural activity due to climate warming. This study takes advantage of Iceland’s unique characteristics and the discovery ofP. syringaeinPeltigeralichens to gain a better understanding of the potential risk posed by this newly discovered ecological niche. The main objective is to evaluate the pathogenic potential and fitness in crops ofP. syringaestrains isolated fromPeltigeralichen sampled in Iceland, focusing on strains that belong to phylogroups 1 and 2, which commonly contain epidemic strains. The results indicate thatP. syringaeisolated from IcelandicPeltigeralichen have a comparable fitness to epidemic strains in eight out of ten tested plant species. Furthermore, pathogenicity assessment on three plant species highlighted that certain strains also caused similar symptoms and disease severity compared to epidemic strains. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential risks posed byP. syringaefrom Icelandic natural habitats and illustrate how strains from these habitats have a wide pathogenic potential to crops without having encountered these crops in the last several thousand years of their presence in Iceland.
Diagnostic images for mild cognitive impairment reveal biomarker status and abnormal scene processing
Authors: Bai Yuetong , Peters Oliver , Freiesleben Silka Dawn , Fenski Friederike , Priller Josef , Spruth Eike Jakob , Schneider Anja , Fliessbach Klaus , Wiltfang Jens , Bartels Claudia , Rostamzadeh Ayda , Glanz Wenzel , Teipel Stefan , Kilimann Ingo , Laske Christoph , Munk Matthias H. , Spottke Annika , Roy-Kluth Nina , Brosseron Frederic , Wagner Michael , Frommann Ingo , Lüsebrink Falk , Ramirez Alfredo , Dechent Peter , Hetzer Stefan , Scheffler Klaus , Yakupov Renat , Jessen Frank , Düzel Emrah , Bainbridge Wilma A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractResearch on the impairment of episodic memory in Alzheimer’s disease often focuses on the processes of memory rather than the content of the specific images being remembered. We recently showed that patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Stage 3 of Alzheimer’s disease, can memorize certain images quite well, suggesting that episodic memory is not uniformly impaired. Certain images, on the other hand, could not be memorized by MCI patients and were instead diagnostic for distinguishing MCI from healthy older adults. In this study, we investigate whether poor memory for diagnostic images is related to impaired neural processing in specific brain regions due to Alzheimer’s biomarker pathology. 64 healthy controls and 48 MCI participants in the DELCODE dataset performed a visual scene memory task during fMRI, with CSF Alzheimer’s disease biomarker data collected (i.e., amyloid and tau biomarkers). We found that diagnostic images have larger behavior-biomarker correlations for total tau, phospho-tau, Aβ42/Aβ40, Aβ42/phospho-tau compared to non-diagnostic images, suggesting that memory for these specific images are more affected by Alzheimer’s disease pathology. The fMRI data revealed an interaction effect between group membership (healthy control / MCI) and image diagnosticity (diagnostic / non-diagnostic scene images), with MCI participants having higher activation in scene processing regions (parahippocampal place area, retrosplenial cortex and occipital place area) for diagnostic images than non-diagnostic images. In contrast, healthy controls showed no differences in processing between diagnostic and non-diagnostic images. These results suggest that MCI individuals may engage in inefficiently heightened encoding activation for these diagnostic images. Our results show that special “diagnostic” images exist that can reveal amyloid and tau pathology and differences in neural activity in scene regions.
Bidirectional Energy Flow in the Photosystem II Supercomplex
Authors: Leonardo Cristina , Yang Shiun-Jr , Orcutt Kaydren , Iwai Masakazu , Arsenault Eric A. , Fleming Graham R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe water splitting capability of Photosystem II (PSII) of plants and green algae requires the system to balance efficient light harvesting along with effective photoprotection against excitation in excess of photosynthetic capacity1,2, particularly under the naturally fluctuating sunlight intensity. The comparatively flat energy landscape of the multi-component structure, inferred from spectra of the individual pigment-protein complexes and the rather narrow and featureless absorption spectrum, is well known3–7. However, how the combination of the required functions emerge from the interactions among the multiple components of the PSII supercomplex (PSII-SC) cannot be inferred from the individual pigment-protein complexes. In this work, we investigate the energy transfer dynamics of the C2S2-type PSII-SC with a combined spectroscopic and modeling approach. Specifically, two-dimensional electronic-vibrational (2DEV) spectroscopy8,9provides enhanced spectral resolution and the ability to map energy evolution in real space, while the quantum dynamical simulation allows complete kinetic modeling of the 210 chromophores. We demonstrate that additional pathways emerge within the supercomplex. In particular, we show that excitation energy can leave the vicinity of the charge separation components, the reaction center (RC), faster than transferring to it. This enables activatable quenching centers in the periphery of the PSII-SC to be effective in removing excessive energy in cases of over-excitation2. Overall, we provide a quantitative description of how the seemingly contradictory functions of PSII-SC arise from the combination of its individual components. This provides a fundamental understanding that will allow further improvement of artificial solar energy devices and bioengineering processes for increasing crop yield10.
Exploring the Brain Characteristics of Structure-informed Functional Connectivity through Graph Attention Network
Authors: Wang Zifan , Toussaint Paule-J , Evans Alan C , Jiang Xi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIndependent brain regions in neuroanatomy achieve a specific function through connections. As one of the significant morphological features of the cerebral cortex, previous studies have found significant differences in the structure and function of the cerebral gyri and sulci, which provides a basis for us to study the functional connectivity differences between these two anatomic parts. Previous studies using fully connected functional connectivity (FC) and structural connectivity (SC) matrices found significant differences in the perspective of region or connection in gyri and sulci. However, a clear issue is that previous studies have only analyzed the differences through either FC or SC, without effectively integrating both. Meanwhile, another nonnegligible issue is that the subcortical areas, involved in various tasks, have not been systematically explored with cortical regions. Due to the strong coupling between FC and SC, we use SC-informed FC to systematically explore the functional characteristics of gyri/sulci and subcortical regions by combining deep learning method with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology. Specifically, we use graph attention network (GAT) to explore the important connections in the SC-informed FC through the Human Connectome Project (HCP) dataset. With high classification results of above 99%, we have successfully discovered important connections under different tasks. We have successfully explored the importance of different types of connections. In low threshold, gyri-gyri are the most important connections. With the threshold increasing, sub-sub become the most important. Gyri have a higher importance in functional connectivity than sulci. In the seven task states, these connections are mainly distributed among the front, subcortical, and occipital. This study provides a novel way to explore the characteristics of functional connectivity at the whole brain scale.
Patterns and correlates in the distribution, design and management of garden ponds along an urban-rural gradient
Authors: Hamer Andrew J. , Barta Barbara , Márton Zsuzsanna , Vad Csaba F. , Szabó Beáta , Tornero Irene , Horváth Zsófia 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTUrbanisation results in the loss and alteration of natural wetlands and ponds. However, garden ponds in cities and towns can act as rich reservoirs of aquatic biodiversity and stepping stones for dispersal. Homeowners with a range of different motivations, including biodiversity values, install garden ponds. Here, our main aim was to study whether the design and management choices of garden pond owners was dependent on the location of ponds (capital city vs. countryside), when ponds were installed (pond age), or whether fish were introduced. We surveyed 834 garden pond owners across Hungary using a citizen science questionnaire, asking questions on pond size, location, construction date and materials, vegetation structure, introduction of fish and management practices. From 753 validated responses, we found that the introduction of fish into ponds and high urbanisation were strongly associated with local features and management practices, especially large ponds with a water circulation feature, irrespective of pond age. A typical garden pond in Hungary is ∼20 m2, <10 years old, made of rubber (PVC) lining, contains fish, aquatic vegetation and circulating water, and is actively managed. There was a spatial separation of ponds based on local features between ponds in the capital city (Budapest) and elsewhere. These findings suggest that garden pond owners in cities are likely to make different choices in pond design and management compared to owners in regional areas. Our results also suggest that pond owners may primarily select management practices to improve habitat quality for ornamental fish. Our findings have important implications for maintaining aquatic biodiversity in urban areas, where garden ponds may be the only aquatic habitat available.RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTSHungarian garden ponds ≤ 200 m2occur in both large cities and small villagesMost garden ponds we sampled in Hungary were built in the last decadePond design and management differs between Budapest and regional areasPond design and management practices are influenced by ornamental fish stockingPond owners frequently drain ponds to remove sediment and leaves and use algaecides