bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary fungal infections after bone marrow transplantation: the value of high-resolution computed tomography in predicting their etiology
Authors: LI Xiang-sheng , ZHU Hong-xian , FAN Hong-xia , ZHU Ling , WANG Heng-xiang , SONG Yun-long 
Published: January 2024

Background
The correct diagnosis of etiology of fungal infection after bone marrow transplantation is very important to the choice of antifungal drugs and a premise for improvement of therapeutic efficacy. This study aimed to compare high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings of the pulmonary fungal infections to determine whether the etiology of various fungal infections could be diagnosed with HRCT.

Methods
Eighty-five cases were enrolled. According to the pathogens responsible for fungal infections, the patients were classified into three groups including invasive aspergillosis (n=52), candidiasis (n=19) and cryptococcosis (n=14) groups. All the patients underwent HRCT scans. Two independent radiologists retrospectively analyzed the HRCT scans regarding CT patterns and distribution of lung abnormality.

Results
Most fungal infections in the three groups occurred in the neutropenic phase. There was no significant difference in the constituent ratio of fungal infections at different phases after bone marrow transplantation among the three groups. Agreement between the two observers for all the CT characteristics of fungal infections was excellent (k >0.75). There was a significant difference in occurrence ratio of mass among the three groups (P=0.02). Occurrence ratio of mass (43.3%, 13/30) in the group with invasive aspergillosis was higher than in each of other two groups (20.0%, 2/10; 14.3%, 1/7). There was no significant difference in other CT characteristics of nodules or masses; including number, margin, halo sign, cavitation and air-crescent sign. There was no significant difference in number, margin, air bronchogram and distribution of air-space consolidation.

Conclusions
The HRCT appearance of various pulmonary fungal infections has a great deal of overlap and is nonspecific. Mass is more common in invasive aspergillosis, which is helpful to the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis after bone marrow transplantation.
Comparison of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography performed without radiography and with ultrasound-guidance in the management of acute pancreaticobiliary disease in pregnant patients
Authors: HUANG Ping , ZHANG Hao , ZHANG Xiao-feng , ZHANG Xiao , LÜ Wen , FAN Zhen 
Published: January 2024

Background
Currently, the recommendation when treating acute biliary or pancreatic disease during pregnancy is to perform endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) without radiation exposure, either empirically (with no radiographic guidance) or with ultrasound guidance. However, few published studies compared these two ways. This study aimed to compare ultrasound-guided ERCP with the procedure without radiographic guidance in the treatment of acute pancreaticobiliary disease in pregnant patients.

Methods
The clinical data of 68 pregnant patients with acute pancreaticobiliary disease admitted to our hospital between January 2004 and May 2010 were reviewed retrospectively. ERCP was performed without radiographic guidance in 36 cases (group A) and with ultrasound guidance in 32 cases (group B). Data on the following variables were compared between the two groups: surgical success rate, rate of complete stone removal, time to resolution of clinical manifestations and laboratory indicators, length of hospital stay, complications, outcome and differences in efficacy of ERCP during different stages of pregnancy.

Results
In group A, the rates of surgical success and complete removal of stones were 69% and 60%, respectively; the corresponding values were 91% and 89% in group B (P <0.05). Postoperatively, clinical manifestations improved rapidly in all patients; there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (P >0.05). Leukocyte counts and liver function had improved significantly after one week in all patients; they recovered more quickly in group B ((8.64±1.83) days vs. (14.57±3.74) days, (14.29±4.64) days vs. (20.00±5.40) days, P <0.01). The hospital stay was shorter in group B ((16.28±7.25) days vs. (28.00±6.83) days, P <0.001). The complication rate was 14% in group A and 3% in group B (P <0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the procedure's efficacy during different stages of pregnancy.

Conclusions
In the treatment of acute pancreaticobiliary disease during pregnancy, ultrasound-guided ERCP is safer and more effective than performing the procedure empirically without radiographic guidance when performed by experienced practitioners. Its more widespread use is recommended.
Prevalence of low back pain among soldiers at an army base
Authors: HOU Zhen-hai , SHI Jian-guo , YE Hong , NI Zhi-ming , YAO Jun , ZHENG Long-bao , LIU Zhi-rong , GAO Ying , WANG Jian 
Published: January 2024

Background
Low back pain (LBP) is a major medical and social problem among working populations and is associated with high medical expense, loss of productivity, and disability. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of LBP among soldiers and evaluate the possible causative factors in military training. The results may provide an insight into changes needed in military training that will reduce the occurrence of LBP among soldiers.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a group of young soldiers in China to estimate the prevalence of LBP and evaluate possible causative factors in military training.

Results
The survey was distributed to 1659 soldiers, of whom 1624 responded. LBP was reported by 425 of the 1624 (26.2%) soldiers. The prevalence of LBP was higher in the armored force (51.3%) than in the artillery (27.5%) or infantry (11.9%). A multivariate logical regression analysis identified night training, 5 km cross-country race, and grenade-throwing training as military training risk factors for LBP.

Conclusions
The relatively high incidence of LBP among soldiers was related to night training, 5 km racing, and grenade throwing. Modifications in these training methods should enhance the health of recruits and lower the incidence of LBP.
Associated factors with repeat coronary angioplasty during the drug eluting stent era: a high volume center investigation
Authors: LIU Chen , YAN Hong-bing , ZHAO Han-jun , SONG Li , ZHENG Bin , CHI Yun-peng , WANG Shao-ping , WANG Jian , PENG Hong-yu , WU Zheng 
Published: January 2024

Background
Repeat percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease, but there is a current lack of related systematic cross-sectional studies in China. The survey was to investigate a real world of repeat PCIs and their associated factors during the drug eluting stent era in a Beijing high volume center.

Methods
A comprehensive review of the institution's database between January 2006 and July 2009 was conducted. Demographic information, concomitant diseases, peri-procedure laboratory examinations and angiographic features were collected consecutively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was undertaken to explore the risk factors associated with repeat PCIs.

Results
A total of 13 404 patients were included in the analysis. Of which, 1946 patients (14.5%) had prior PCI procedure. More males patients had previous PCI than the females (15.7% vs 10.9%, P <0.001). After adjustment for age, gender, concomitant diseases, angiographic and procedural factors, a multivariate model showed that male, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and previous myocardial infarction, left main disease were identified as independent risk factors of repeat PCIs. Of which, previous myocardial infarction (odds ratio: 2.58, 95% confidence interval: 2.27-2.92) was highly related with repeat PCIs.

Conclusion
The frequency of repeat PCIs was 14.5% in this cross-sectional investigation, and their associated factors included male, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and previous MI and left main disease during drug eluting stent era.
A new anastomosis method for choledochojejunostomy by the way behind antrue pyloricum
Authors: YANG Xin-wei , YANG Jue , WANG Kui , ZHANG Bao-hua , SHEN Feng , WU Meng-chao 
Published: January 2024

Background
Reflux cholangitis has been the most common complication after Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy. In this study we intended to evaluate the perioperative and long-term efficacy of a new anastomosis method for choledochojejunostomy.

Methods
Clinical data of 143 eligible patients who underwent choledochojejunostomy in the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital affiliated to the Second Military Medical University, China between January 2007 and December 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Among the patients, 38 consecutive cases underwent this new anastomosis method for choledochojejunostomy (improved group, IG) and 105 underwent standard Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy (control group, CG). Changes in the incidence of cholangitis, the time of beginning to eat liquid meals, post-operative delayed gastric emptying and liver function between the two groups were compared.

Results
There was no statistical difference in the levels of alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphomonoesterase and gamma-glutamy transferase between the two groups. The time of beginning to eat liquid meals was significantly shorter in IG than CG (P <0.05). The incidence of delayed gastric emptying was lower in IG than CG, with statistical tendency between the two groups (P=0.052). Among nine patients with different degrees of acute cholangitis in the two groups, one patient (2.6%) in IG and eight (7.6%) in CG suffered from acute cholangitis within six months of follow-up after discharge, but with no statistical difference between the two groups (P >0.05). Of the nine patients with acute cholangitis, none in IG and four in CG were hospitalized for further treatment (P >0.05).

Conclusions
Patients in IG had satisfactory perioperative and long-term prognosis with shorter time of beginning to eat liquid meals and lower incidence of delayed gastric emptying. This new procedure of choledochojejunostomy by the way behind antrue pyloricum was easy and safe to perform with no mortality and low complication rates.
Tissue-engineered conduit using bladder acellular matrix and bladder epithelial cells for urinary diversion in rabbits
Authors: LIAO Wen-biao , SONG Chao , LI Yong-wei , YANG Si-xing , MENG Lin-chao , LI Xin-hui 
Published: January 2024

Background
For muscle invasive bladder cancer, radical cystectomy is the most effective treatment now and urinary diversion is often necessary. The use of intestinal tissue for urinary diversion is frequently associated with complications. In this study, we aimed to make a tissue-engineered conduit (TEC) using bladder epithelial cells and bladder acellular matrix (BAM) for urinary diversion in rabbits.

Methods
Bladder epithelial cells of rabbit were cultivated and expanded in vitro, then seeded on BAM, and cultured for 7 days. Then cell-seeded graft was used to make TEC. In the experimental group, most of bladder of the rabbit was removed while bladder trigone was retained. The proximal end of TEC was anastomosed with bladder trigone and the distal end was anastomosed with the abdominal stoma. In the control group, TEC was made using unseeded BAM. Haematoxylin and eosin staining was conducted, respectively, at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks postoperatively. Immunohistochemistry was performed 8 weeks postoperatively. Intravenous urography, retrograde pyelography, and cystoscopy of TEC were made at 12 weeks postoperatively.

Results
All animals were alive in the experimental group. Haematoxylin and eosin staining showed epithelial coverage in TEC. Immunohistochemistry showed anti-cytokeratin AE1/AE3 antibody and anti-ZO1 antibody positive, confirming there were mature and functional epithelial cells on the lumen of TEC. Retrograde pyelography and intravenous urography showed that TEC developed well and that there was no obstruction. In the control group, four rabbits were dead within 2 weeks and scar formation, atresia, and severe hydronephrosis were found.

Conclusions
We successfully made TEC using BAM and bladder epithelial cells for urinary diversion in rabbits. The lumen of this new TEC covered mature epithelial cells and could prevent urinary extravasation.
Research progress in traumatic brain penumbra
Authors: Wang Kai , Liu Baiyun , Ma Jun 
Published: January 2024

Objective
Following traumatic brain injury (TBI), brain tissue that surrounding the regional primary lesion is known as traumatic penumbra; this region may undergo secondary injury and is considered to have the potential to recover. This review aimed to reveal the existence and significance of traumatic penumbra by analyzing all relevant studies concerning basic pathologic changes and brain imaging after TBI.

Data sources
We collected all relevant studies about TBI and traumatic penumbra in Medline (1995 to June 2013) and ISI (1997 to March 2013), evaluated their quality and relevance, then extracted and synthesized the information.

Study selection
We included all relevant studies concerning TBI and traumatic penumbra (there was no limitation of research design and article language) and excluded the duplicated articles.

Results
The crucial pathological changes after TBI include cerebral blood flow change, cerebral edema, blood-brain barrier damage, cell apoptosis and necrosis. Besides, traditional imaging method cannot characterize the consequences of CBF reduction at an early stage and provides limited insights into the underlying pathophysiology. While advanced imaging technique, such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and positron emission tomography (PET), may provide better characterization of such pathophysiology.

Conclusions
The future of traumatic brain lesions depends to a large extent on the evolution of the penumbra. Therefore, understanding the formation and pathophysiologic process of the traumatic penumbra and its imaging research progress is of great significant for early clinical determination and timely brain rescue.
Hydrogen sulfide donor regulates alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis in rats with acute lung injury
Authors: LIU Wen-li , LIU Zhi-wei , LI Tian-shui , WANG Cong , ZHAO Bin 
Published: January 2024

Background
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common syndrome associated with high morbidity and mortality in emergency medicine. Cell apoptosis plays a key role in the pathogenesis of ALI. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays a protective role during acute lung injury. We designed this study to examine the role of H2S in the lung alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis in rats with ALI.

Methods
Sixty-nine male Sprague Dawley rats were used. ALI was induced by intra-tail vein injection of oleic acid (OA). NaHS solution was injected intraperitonally 30 minutes before OA injection as the NaHS pretreatment group. Single sodium hydrosulfide pretreatment group and control group were designed. Index of quantitative assessment (IQA), wet/dry weight (W/D) ratio and the percentage of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined. H2S level in lung tissue was measured by a sensitive sulphur electrode. Apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining and Fas protein was measured by immunohistochemical staining.

Results
The level of endogenous H2S in lung tissue decreased with the development of ALI induced by OA injection. Apoptosis and Fas protein in alveolar epithelial cells increased in the ALI of rats but NaHS lessened apoptosis and Fas protein expression in alveolar epithelial cells of rats with ALI.

Conclusion
Endogenous H2S protects rats from oleic acid-induced ALI, probably by inhibiting cell apoptosis.
Evaluation of an HIV-related behavior change project for female sex workers in Central China
Authors: WU Ding-feng , HU Jun , ZHANG Zhi-ying , WANG Lin 
Published: January 2024

Background
As female sex workers (FSWs) were becoming the driving force behind the HIV epidemic in Central China, a project to promote condom use by FSWs was implemented from 2004 to 2009. In this study, we discussed the evaluation of the project, the factors associated with condom use among FSWs within the Chinese context, and proposed suggestions for future interventions for FSWs in China.

Methods
Two surveys using structured questionnaires were conducted in 2004 and 2009. Data collected from the surveys were analyzed and guided by a behavior change framework. We reviewed relevant articles to supplement the information that was not able to be obtained from the surveys.

Results
In general, the HIV prevalence among FSWs remained low (less than 1%) in the 5 years. With a high coverage of interventions for all FSWs in Central China, the project yielded better outcomes than the national average over the same time period. The awareness about HIV and condom use grew dramatically during the project period. The four factors/ determinants that influence the behavior of FSWs using condoms are population characteristics, opportunity, ability, and motivation. Statistical model shows that the significant variables for using a condom are age, availability of services, HIV-related knowledge, and intention.

Conclusions
With a high coverage of interventions for FSWs, the project achieved its goals. The differences among workplaces of FSWs may serve as a symbol of their socioeconomic status, patterns of condom use, and therefore risks of acquiring HIV.
Prognostic value of clinical characteristics and immunophenotypic biomarkers in 115 patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma
Authors: CHEN Bo-bin , XU Xiao-ping , SHEN Lin , HAN Tian-jie , LIN Zhi-guang , CHEN Zi , KANG Hui , HUANG Bo , LIN Guo-wei 
Published: January 2024

Background
Clinical outcome in patients with primary central nervous lymphoma (PCNSL) is variable and poorly predictable. This study investigated the association of clinical features and immune markers with prognosis of patients with PCNSL.

Methods
One hundred and fifteen newly diagnosed PCNSL patients at the study institution were considered eligible for this study. Clinical characteristics and biochemical assay data were collected. Immunohistochemical staining of Cyclin D3, Cyclin E, Foxp1, and LMO2 were performed. All cases were followed-up regularly.

Results
The common sites of involvement were frontal lobe (54.8%) and thalamus (16.5%). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma composed of 96.5% of the cases. The median overall survival was 22 (4-41) months, and the 5-year survival rate was 22.8%. Age >65 years, serum globulin >40 g/L, large size of tumor, lymphocyte count ≥1×109/L, and expression of Cyclin D3 and Cyclin E were associated with poor prognosis of PCNSL. Expressions of Foxp1, LMO2, and CD44 were not related to the survival. Expression of Cyclin E, large tumor size, and high serum globulin were independent prognostic factors for PCNSL.

Conclusions
PCNSL prognosis is relatively poor. Age, high tumor burden, higher lymphocyte count, expression of Cyclin D3, and Cyclin E are inferior prognostic factors for PCNSL.
Retinol dehydrogenase, RDH1l, is essential for the heart development and cardiac performance in zebrafish
Authors: WANG Wei , ZHANG Li-feng , GUI Yong-hao , SONG Hou-yan 
Published: January 2024

Background
Retinoic acid (RA) is a potent signaling molecule that plays pleiotropic roles in patterning, morphogenesis, and organogenesis during embryonic development. The synthesis from retinol (vitamin A) to retinoic acid requires two sequential oxidative steps. The first step involves the oxidation of retinol to retinal through the action of retinol dehydrogenases. Retinol dehydrogenases1l (RDH1l) is a novel zebrafish retinol dehydrogenase. Herein we investigated the role of zebrafish RDH1l in heart development and cardiac performance in detail.

Methods
RDH1l specific morpholino was used to reduce the function of RDH1l in zebrafish. The gene expressions were observed by using whole mount in situ hybridization. Heart rates were observed and recorded under the microscope from 24 to 72 hours post fertilization (hpf). The cardiac performance was analyzed by measuring ventricular shortening fraction (VSF).

Results
The knock-down of RDH1l led to abnormal neural crest cells migration and reduced numbers of neural crest cells in RDH1l morphant embryos. The reduced numbers of cardiac neural crest cells also can be seen in RDH1l morphant embryos. Furthermore, the morpholino-mediated knock-down of RDH1l resulted in the abnormal heart loop. The left-right determining genes expression pattern was altered in RDH1l morphant embryos. The impaired cardiac performance was observed in RDH1l morphant embryos. Taken together, these data demonstrate that RDH1l is essential for the heart development and cardiac performance in zebrafish.

Conclusions
RDH1l plays a important role in the neural crest cells development, and then ultimately affects the heart loop and cardiac performance. These results show for the first time that an enzyme involved in the retinol to retinaldehyde conversion participate in the heart development and cardiac performance in zebrafish.
Magnetic resonance imaging: a valuable method for diagnosing chronic lumbago caused by lumbar muscle strain and monitoring healing process
Authors: OUYANG Lin , JIA Qian-xin , XIAO Yu-hui , KE Lai-shun , HE Ping 
Published: January 2024

Background
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most sensitive technique for evaluating the healing process and should be performed before the patients return to their exercise routines. The aim of this research was to diagnose chronic lumbago associated with lumbar muscle strain and to monitor healing process by MRI.

Methods
Sixty-five symptomatic cases of chronic lumbago caused by lumbar muscle strain were collected from March 2009 to October 2011. MRI was used to examine, diagnose and monitor the healing process. The control group included 65 random cases of asymptomatic volunteers. MRI methods included routine sequences of GRE T1WI, TSE T2WI and special sequences of T2-STIR-FS, combined with DWI. We compared the MRI characteristics of symptomatic cases before and after healing and with asymptomatic controls.

Results
The important MRI characteristics of chronic lumbago with lumbar muscle strain included: (1) The low back muscle showed edema. (2) The low back intermuscular spaces showed edema and/or fluid. (3) The low back spaces beside the spinous process showed edema and/or fluid. (4) The low back vertebral articular process fossae or transverse process fossae showed fluid. Of these image characteristics, the intermuscular space edema provided the best diagnostic sensitivity, Se=83%, with YI=0.63, π=74%. The low back muscle edema provided the best diagnostic specificity, Sp=100%, with YI=0.66, π=83%. And the spaces edema beside the spinous process provided the best diangnostic accuracy, π=86%, with YI = 0.71, Se=80%, Sp=91%. The diagnosis accurate could be improved by combining multiple MRI characteristics. The diagnostic accuracy could achieve π=93%, with YI=0.86, Se=100% and Sp=86% when two characteristics were combined. After rehabilitation care, the edema disappeared on the repeated MRI.

Conclusions
MRI may well be a useful diagnostic method for lumbago with lumbar muscle strain. Combining routine sequences with T2-STIR-FS and DWI sequences could demonstrate the pathological changes of lumbar muscle strain and monitor the healing.