bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relevance of spirituality and perceived social support to mental health of people with pre-existing mental health disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal investigation
Authors: Tutzer Franziska , Schurr Timo , Frajo-Apor Beatrice , Pardeller Silvia , Plattner Barbara , Schmit Anna , Conca Andreas , Fronthaler Martin , Haring Christian , Holzner Bernhard , Huber Markus , Marksteiner Josef , Miller Carl , Perwanger Verena , Pycha Roger , Schmidt Martin , Sperner-Unterweger Barbara , Hofer Alex 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic and related measures have negatively impacted mental health worldwide. The main objective of the present longitudinal study was to investigate mental health in people living in Tyrol (Austria) and South Tyrol (Italy) during the COVID-19 pandemic and to report the prevalence of psychological distress among individuals with versus those without pre-existing mental health disorders (MHD) in the long-term (summer 2020–winter 2022). Here, we specifically focus on the relevance of spirituality and perceived social support in this regard.

Methods
161 individuals who had been diagnosed with MHD and 446 reference subjects participated in this online survey. Electronic data capture was conducted using the Computer-based Health Evaluation System and included both sociodemographic and clinical aspects as well as standardized questionnaires on psychological distress, spirituality, and the perception of social support.

Results
The prevalence of psychological distress was significantly higher in individuals with MHD (36.6% vs. 12.3%) and remained unchanged among both groups over time. At baseline, the perception of social support was significantly higher in healthy control subjects, whereas the two groups were comparable in regards of the subjective relevance of faith. Reference subjects indicated significantly higher spiritual well-being in terms of the sense of meaning in life and peacefulness, which mediated in large part the between-group difference of psychological distress at follow-up. Notably, both faith and the perception of social support did not prove to be relevant in this context.

Conclusions
These findings point to a consistently high prevalence of psychological distress among people suffering from MHD and underscore the prominent role of meaning in life and peacefulness as a protective factor in times of crisis. Therapeutic strategies that specifically target spirituality may have a beneficial impact on mental health.
Sex differences of sequential changes in coronary blood flow and microvascular function in patients with suspected angina
Authors: Kim So Ree , Kim Mi-Na , Cho Dong-Hyuk , Kim Hee-Dong , Bae Sung A. , Kim Hack-Lyoung , Kim Myung-A , Hong Kyung-Soon , Shim Wan Joo , Park Seong-Mi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Aims
This study evaluated the sex differences of sequential changes in coronary blood flows and microvascular function in patients with suspected angina but with no obstructed coronary arteries.

Methods
A total of 202 consecutive patients who experienced chest pain but had no significant coronary artery stenosis and who underwent adenosine stress echocardiography were included in the study. Coronary blood flow (CBF) velocities were measured at 1, 2, and 3 min after adenosine infusion.

Results
The mean age was 61 years, and 138 (68%) were women. Approximately 40% of patients had coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD, coronary flow velocity reserve < 2.3), with women exhibiting higher CMD prevalence. The left ventricular (LV) mass index was similar between men and women, while women exhibited higher baseline rate pressure products (RPP). At baseline, coronary blood flow velocities were similar between the sexes. However, CBF velocities in women gradually increased during the examination; and in men, the increase was abrupt and steep during the early stages of examination (p = 0.015 for interaction between time and sex), even with similar RPP in stress. Coronary flow velocity reserve was steadily lower in women compared to men (1 min, 2.09 ± 0.86 vs 2.44 ± 0.87; 2 min, 2.39 ± 0.72 vs 2.63 ± 0.85; 3 min, 2.45 ± 0.70 vs 2.68 ± 0.73).

Conclusions
In patients with suspected angina but with no obstructed coronary arteries, CMD was especially prevalent among women. Women exhibited higher oxygen consumption, while exhibiting slower and gradual increases in CBF velocities. Conversely, men exhibited faster and steeper increases in CBF velocities even with similar RPP in stress.

Graphical abstract
A multidisciplinary pulmonary embolism response team (PERT): first experience from a single center in Germany
Authors: Sagoschen Ingo , Scibior Barbara , Farmakis Ioannis T. , Keller Karsten , Graafen Dirk , Griemert Eva-Verena , Vosseler Markus , Treede Hendrik , Münzel Thomas , Knorr Maike , Gori Tommaso , Konstantinides Stavros , Hobohm Lukas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Over the last few years, the concept of multidisciplinary pulmonary embolism response teams (PERTs) has emerged to encounter the increasing variety and complexity in managing acute pulmonary embolism (PE).

Purpose
To investigate PERT's composition and added clinical value in a university center in Germany.

Methods
Over 4 years (01/2019–11/2022), patients with confirmed PE were enrolled in a prospective single-center cohort study (PERT Mainz). We investigated the composition of PERT and compared, after propensity score matching, patients with acute PE before and after the initiation of PERT at our Medical University Centre. The primary outcome was in-hospital PE-related mortality.

Results
From 2019 to 2022, 88 patients with acute PE with a PERT decision were registered. Of those, 13 (14.8%) patients died during the in-hospital stay. Patients evaluated by a PERT had a median age of 68; 48.9% were females, and 21.7% suffered from malignancy. Right ventricular dysfunction was present in 76.1% of all patients. In total, 42.0% were classified as intermediate–high-risk PE and 11.4% as high-risk PE. First PERT contact mainly originated from emergency departments (33.3%) and intensive care units (30.0%), followed by chest pain units (21.3%) and regular wards (12.0%). The participation rate of medical specialties demonstrated that cardiologists (100%) or cardiac/vascular surgeons (98.6%) were included in almost all PERT consultations, followed by radiologists (95.9%) and anesthesiologists (87.8%). Compared to the PERT era, more patients in the pre-PERT era were classified as simplified pulmonary embolism severity index (sPESI) ≥ 1 (78.4% vs 71.6%) and as high-risk PE according to ESC 2019 guidelines (18.2% vs. 11.4%). In the pre-PERT era, low- and intermediate-low patients with PE received more frequently advanced reperfusion therapies such as systemic thrombolysis or surgical embolectomy compared to the PERT era (10.7% vs. 2.5%). Patients in the pre-PERT were found to have a considerably higher all-cause mortality and PE-related mortality rate (31.8% vs. 14.8%) compared to patients in the PERT era (22.7% vs. 13.6%). After propensity matching (1:1) by including parameters as age, sex, sPESI, and ESC risk classes, univariate regression analyses demonstrated that the PE management based on a PERT decision was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality (OR, 0.37 [95%CI 0.18–0.77]; p = 0.009). For PE-related mortality, a tendency for reduction was observed (OR, 0.54 [95%CI 0.24–1.18]; p = 0.121).

Conclusion
PERT implementation was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality rate in patients with acute PE. Large prospective studies are needed further to explore the impact of PERTs on clinical outcomes.

Graphical abstract
DNS of Turbulent Premixed Ammonia/Hydrogen Flames: The Impact of Thermo-Diffusive Effects
Authors: Gaucherand Jessica , Laera Davide , Schulze-Netzer Corinna , Poinsot Thierry 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDirect Numerical Simulations (DNS) of three-dimensional premixed turbulent hydrogen-air flames enriched with 19%, 36%, 44% and 57% of NH$$_3$$

3

(in volume) are performed. Starting from an equivalence ratio of 0.44 for the case with 19% of NH$$_3$$

3

, richer mixtures of $$\phi =$$

ϕ
=

0.54, 0.69 and 0.95 are considered when increasing NH$$_3$$

3

concentration to obtain comparable laminar flame speeds, i.e., 0.17 m/s for 19% and 36 % NH$$_3$$

3

enriched case, and 0.30 m/s when NH$$_3$$

3

concentration is increased to 44 and 57%. The composition and characteristics of the studied mixtures enable to investigate the effects of thermo-diffusivity in a turbulent flow and the role of chemistry and stretch effects in the development of the flames. Given a composition of ammonia and hydrogen and an equivalence ratio, a predictive method is described to identify compositions where thermo-diffusive effects impact the flame and predict the stretch factors. Two maps are proposed to achieve this: the first one is based on the Markstein number and the second one is based on the ratio of consumption speed of strained flames over the laminar unstretched flame speed. This prediction can guide model selection and help manufacturers and experimentalists identify relevant operating points based on desired energy output.
The good, the bad, and the ugly of metals as antimicrobials
Authors: Turner Raymond J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe are now moving into the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) era where more antibiotic resistant bacteria are now the majority, a problem brought on by both misuse and over use of antibiotics. Unfortunately, the antibiotic development pipeline dwindled away over the past decades as they are not very profitable compounds for companies to develop. Regardless researchers over the past decade have made strides to explore alternative options and out of this we see revisiting historical infection control agents such as toxic metals. From this we now see a field of research exploring the efficacy of metal ions and metal complexes as antimicrobials. Such antimicrobials are delivered in a variety of forms from metal salts, alloys, metal complexes, organometallic compounds, and metal based nanomaterials and gives us the broad term metalloantimicrobials. We now see many effective formulations applied for various applications using metals as antimicrobials that are effective against drug resistant strains. The purpose of the document here is to step aside and begin a conversation on the issues of use of such toxic metal compounds against microbes. This critical opinion mini-review in no way aims to be comprehensive. The goal here is to understand the benefits of metalloantimicrobials, but also to consider strongly the disadvantages of using metals, and what are the potential consequences of misuse and overuse. We need to be conscious of the issues, to see the entire system and affect through a OneHealth vision.
Revolutionising sustainability leadership and education: addressing the human dimension to support flourishing, culture and system transformation
Authors: Wamsler Christine , Osberg Gustav , Janss Jeroen , Stephan Liane 
Published: December 2023

AbstractResearch shows that today’s societal crises are rooted in a lack of connection to ourselves, others and nature. At the same time, there is an increasing body of knowledge showing that humans possess innate capacities for connection that can be strengthened through certain methods, and throughout our lifetimes. Such methods have, so far, however, been rarely applied, or adapted to the context of sustainability leadership and education. Critical qualitative analyses and empirical evidence that would help to understand if, and how, related interventions can support sustainability outcomes across scales are vastly lacking. The present study addresses this gap. It examines global leadership programs that aim to nourish inner development and accelerate work towards the Sustainable Development Goals. More specifically, it systematises the qualitative impacts and learnings from a Climate Leadership Program for policy and decision-makers (e.g. the European Commission) that provided the basis for co-developing similar programs for the United Nations Development Program, the Inner Development Goals Initiative, and the Inner Green Deal. The findings demonstrate how sustainability leadership and education can become a vehicle for transformation, if certain principles are in place. They highlight the importance of addressing the ontological, epistemological and praxis dimensions of inner-outer transformation to empower participants to challenge unsustainable social paradigms and enable them to systematically mainstream the consideration of inner potential and capacities into existing cultures, mechanisms and structures. Our findings advance knowledge on the complex intersection between sustainability, inner development and transformation, and set a precedent that other training institutions could follow or learn from.
Semantic part segmentation of spatial features via geometric deep learning for automated control cabinet assembly
Authors: Bründl Patrick , Scheffler Benedikt , Stoidner Micha , Nguyen Huong , Baechler Andreas , Abrass Ahmad , Franke Jörg 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIndustries with batch size one manufacturing philosophies for highly customized products have been largely limited in manufacturing automation. The control cabinet industry is particularly affected by this problem during the mounting and wiring of components due to high variety, variance, and complexity of components as well as handling tasks. Rapid advances in the field of machine learning are opening new possibilities for automating previously manual processes. This paper proposes a concept for identifying geometric features of electrical components that starts from STEP files and transforms them into modular metrics relevant to build a digital twin and (automatic)manufacturing. The architecture is tested on a self-aggregated and processed dataset of control cabinet components and achieves an average dice score of 65.27% and an intersection over union of 51.41% across all segmentation classes. In addition to semantic part segmentation of the components, the cluster, volume and surface centroids, the normal vectors and the size of each feature are computed. The paper evaluates the suitability of cutting-edge techniques such as diffusion as well as established deep learning architectures. The result is a hybrid end-to-end inference pipeline suitable for general spatial assembly processes.
Orientation-dependent hardness of Mo3Si studied by cube-corner nanoindentation
Authors: Yang Weiguang , Hasemann Georg , Schwaiger Ruth , Krüger Manja 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMo$$_{3}$$

3

Si crystals having crystallographic out-of-plane orientations close to $$(0\,0\,1)$$

(
0

0

1
)

, $$(0\,1\,1)$$

(
0

1

1
)

and $$(1\,2\,3)$$

(
1

2

3
)

were studied by nanoindentation to better understand the hardness anisotropy. The Mo$$_{3}$$

3

Si precipitates were grown in a Mo-17.5Si-6B alloy and identified by electron backscatter diffraction. Pronounced material pile-up around the indents was observed, which causes inaccuracies in the projected contact area determined using the Oliver–Pharr method of around 30% compared to the real one. Based on the analysis of scanning electron micrographs, the projected contact areas and thus the hardness values were determined. To rationalize the observed pronounced orientation dependence of the hardness of Mo$$_{3}$$

3

Si, we suggest an easy-slip-cutting model accounting for the available slip systems as well as the upward flow of material along the surface of the cube-corner indenter tip.
Combined Immunodeficiency Caused by a Novel Nonsense Mutation in LCK
Authors: Keller Baerbel , Kfir-Erenfeld Shlomit , Matusewicz Paul , Hartl Frederike , Lev Atar , Lee Yu Nee , Simon Amos J. , Stauber Tali , Elpeleg Orly , Somech Raz , Stepensky Polina , Minguet Susana , Schraven Burkhart , Warnatz Klaus 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Mutations affecting T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling typically cause combined immunodeficiency (CID) due to varying degrees of disturbed T-cell homeostasis and differentiation. Here, we describe two cousins with CID due to a novel nonsense mutation in LCK and investigate the effect of this novel nonsense mutation on TCR signaling, T-cell function, and differentiation.
Patients underwent clinical, genetic, and immunological investigations. The effect was addressed in primary cells and LCK-deficient T-cell lines after expression of mutated LCK.

Results
Both patients primarily presented with infections in early infancy. The LCK mutation led to reduced expression of a truncated LCK protein lacking a substantial part of the kinase domain and two critical regulatory tyrosine residues. T cells were oligoclonal, and especially naïve CD4 and CD8 T-cell counts were reduced, but regulatory and memory including circulating follicular helper T cells were less severely affected. A diagnostic hallmark of this immunodeficiency is the reduced surface expression of CD4. Despite severely impaired TCR signaling mTOR activation was partially preserved in patients’ T cells. LCK-deficient T-cell lines reconstituted with mutant LCK corroborated partially preserved signaling. Despite detectable differentiation of memory and effector T cells, their function was severely disturbed. NK cell cytotoxicity was unaffected.
Residual TCR signaling in LCK deficiency allows for reduced, but detectable T-cell differentiation, while T-cell function is severely disturbed. Our findings expand the previous report on one single patient on the central role of LCK in human T-cell development and function.

Graphical Abstract
To what extent do universities’ formal and informal knowledge exchange activities interact: evidence from UK HE-BCI survey
Authors: Zhou Ruoying , Baines Ning 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThird Mission engagement has become a necessary vehicle to transfer science and knowledge from higher education institutions (HEIs) to society. An extensive body of research has mainly focused on the determinants of research commercialization, and the consequence of knowledge exchange activities largely carried out on an individual academic level. There is a lack of theoretical and empirical evidence on the link and interaction between formal (traditionally referred to as commercialization of university research, such as patent, licensing and spin-off) and informal knowledge exchange activities (usually denoted as university community engagement activities, such as collaborative research, consultancy, facilities and equipment, continuing professional development etc.). In this article we seek to fill this gap by viewing knowledge exchange activities as an enabler and supporter of commercial activities. Against this background, we intend to provide an analysis into the relationship between informal activities and formal activities using an unbalanced panel of UK universities for the period 2005–2020. Our results reveal that while provision of continuing professional development courses, facilities and equipment, and consultancy significantly impact commercial activities such as patenting and licensing, collaborative research appears to be a strong predictor for spin-offs generation. This study offers some general implications for HEIs’ policy and Technology Transfer Offices.
Beyond the local climate change uplift – The importance of changes in spatial structure on future fluvial flood risk in Great Britain
Authors: Sayers Paul , Griffin Adam , Lowe Jason , Bernie Dan , Carr Sam , Kay Alison , Stewart Lisa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWidespread spatially coherent flood events can cause severe damage and disruption. Climate change has the potential to change the severity and frequency of such events. Despite this, assessment of future fluvial flood risk typically gives little to no consideration to potential changes in the spatial structure of future events. To understand the significance of this gap, climate model simulations are coupled with a national hydrological model to identify event spatially coherent present and future flood events. A statistical Empirical Copula is used to generate a large number of unseen events and linked to a national flood risk simulation model. The research finds that including changes in the spatial structure of flood events materially increases projected changes in risk when compared to conventional approaches based on local uplifts alone; increasing the projected change in Expected Annual Damage across Great Britain by a factor of ~ 1.5. The event-based approach is also shown to provide new insights into the extreme distribution fluvial risk including single event damage, damage seasons, and damage years. The results suggest the 1-in-100-year winter flood may increase from £1.3b to £2.1b, and the 1-in-100 year single event damage may rise from £1.1b today to £1.7b by the 2080s given a 4 °C rise in Global Mean Surface Temperature (assuming current adaptation policies continue and no population growth). Consequently, the findings suggest a much greater emphasis is needed on spatial ‘flood events’ if future risk is to be understood and adaptation responses appropriately framed.
Graphical abstract
Raz’s appeal to law’s authority
Authors: Martin Ben 
Published: December 2023

AbstractJoseph Raz’s Argument from Authority is one of the most famous defences of exclusive positivism in jurisprudence, the position that the existence and content of the law in a society is a wholly social fact, which can be established without the need to engage in moral analysis. According to Raz’s argument, legal systems are de facto practical authorities that, like all de facto authorities, must claim legitimate authority, which itself entails that they must be capable of being an authority. Further, once we properly understand what constitutes practical authority, as captured by Raz’s service conception, we realise that the directives of any authority (including the law) must be wholly identifiable without recourse to moral analysis. While the argument has previously been criticised on the grounds that the law does not claim legitimate authority, and further that the service conception of authority itself is inadequate, we argue here that the argument is actually in a worse position than these concerns recognise, for it relies upon the mistaken principle that a sincere belief or claim that p guarantees p’s conceptual possibility.
Price Versus Market Share with Royalty Licensing: Incomplete Adoption of a Superior Technology with Heterogeneous Firms
Authors: Sandrini Luca 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article shows that the usual result of full adoption of a superior technology induced by pure royalty licensing may not hold when firms have different production technologies. By modeling a Cournot licensing game with an external innovator that offers per-unit royalty contracts to downstream firms, this article shows that full adoption of the innovation occurs only if (1) the new technology is sufficiently more efficient than the best one that is available in the market; or (2) if the firms have similar efficiency levels. Moreover, I disentangle two distinct forces that influence the innovator’s choice: a price effect (PE) and a market share effect (MSE). The former highlights the asymmetry in willingness to pay for the latest technology. The inefficient firms, which benefit the most from the cost-reducing innovation, are willing to pay a higher price to become a licensee than are their efficient rivals. The latter illustrates the innovator’s aim to maximize the volume of royalties that are collected by licensing to many firms. When PE dominates MSE, the patent holder sets a higher royalty rate and attracts fewer, less efficient firms. Otherwise, if MSE dominates, the patent holder reduces the royalty rate and attracts more firms so as to reach as many consumers as possible. From a policy perspective, I show that royalty licensing improves consumer surplus and that the positive effect increases with the number of licensees.