bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical predictors of premature radiotherapy terminations in senior adults with oral cavity and laryngeal carcinoma
Authors: Cooper Dylan J. , Travaglia Isabella , Guller Meytal , Talcott Wesley J. , Ghaly Maged , Miles Brett A. , Frank Douglas , Seetharamu Nagashree , Parashar Bhupesh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe underlying factors that contribute to early radiotherapy (RT) termination are understudied, especially in the era of hypofractionated treatment regimens. In this retrospective investigation, we examined the characteristics and causes of premature RT terminations in senior adults (>70 years old) with oral cavity (OC) and laryngeal carcinomas.MethodsHundred and eighty‐eight patients treated with RT ± systemic therapy for OC and laryngeal cancer from 2017 to 2022 were identified. Premature termination was defined as completion of less than 95% of the prescribed RT. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine factors predictive of premature termination, and survival was determined using the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsTwenty patients (10.6%) experienced premature RT terminations. On regression analysis, ECOG score at initiation of RT was the only covariate studied to be independently associated with premature termination (OR 2.00, 95%CI: [1.21, 3.30], p = 0.007). Three‐year overall survival (49.1% vs. 77.3%) was significantly reduced in the termination cohort (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsThis analysis demonstrated over 1 in 10 patients had premature RT termination, which prognosticated inferior survival outcomes. Poor performance status may highlight patients at risk for premature termination and thus identify good candidates for hypofractionated protocols.
Does democracy matter in banking performance? Exploring the linkage between democracy, economic freedom and banking performance in the European Union member states
Authors: Socol Adela , Iuga Iulia Cristina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLiterature on the effects of socio‐political factors and the quality of political‐economic institutions on banking performance is scarce and mixed. To contribute to this literature, this study analyzes whether democracy and economic freedom affect the banking sector in European Union member countries. We provide empirical evidence of the influence of democracy and economic freedom on banking performance using a sample of 27 countries from 2001 to 2020, and accounting‐based return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) as performance measures. A dynamic model (system GMM) was used to address issues such as heteroscedasticity, serial correlation, and endogeneity. These findings indicate that democracy is positively associated with banking performance, whereas economic freedom negatively affects it in the sample countries. Additionally, this study adds to the growing literature on the relationship between control variables (macroeconomic determinants, bank‐specific factors, or a country's legislative regime) and banking performance. This study is practically valuable for managers, investors, stakeholders, policymakers, and academicians.
Using particle dimensionality‐based modeling to estimate lung carcinogenicity of 3D printer emissions
Authors: Korchevskiy Andrey A. , Hill W. Cary , Hull Matthew , Korchevskiy Arseniy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe use of 3D printing technologies by industry and consumers is expanding. However, the approaches to assess the risk of lung carcinogenesis from the emissions of 3D printers have not yet been developed.The objective of the study was to demonstrate a methodology for modeling lung cancer risk related to specific exposure levels as derived from an experimental study of 3D printer emissions for various types of filaments (ABS, PLA, and PETG).The emissions of 15 filaments were assessed at varying extrusion temperatures for a total of 23 conditions in a Class 1,000 cleanroom following procedures described by ANSI/CAN/UL 2904. Three approaches were utilized for cancer risk estimation: (a) calculation based on PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations, (b) a proximity assessment based on the pulmonary deposition fraction, and (c) modeling based on the mass‐weighted aerodynamic diameter of particles.The combined distribution of emitted particles had the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of 0.35 μm, GSD 2.25. The average concentration of PM2.5 was 25.21 μg/m3. The spline‐based function of aerodynamic diameter allowed us to reconstruct the carcinogenic potential of seven types of fine and ultrafine particles (crystalline silica, fine TiO2, ultrafine TiO2, ambient PM2.5 and PM10, diesel particulates, and carbon nanotubes) with a correlation of 0.999, P < 0.00001. The central tendency estimation of lung cancer risk for 3D printer emissions was found at the level of 14.74 cases per 10,000 workers in a typical exposure scenario (average cumulative exposure of 0.3 mg/m3 – years), with the lowest risks for PLA filaments, and the highest for PETG type.
Photodissociation and formation of an ion‐pair in CH2FCl (HCFC‐31)
Authors: Silva Albert J. F. W. H. de S. , Rodrigues Gessenildo P. , Ventura Elizete , do Monte Silmar A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough CH2FCl (HCFC‐31) recently became of great atmospheric importance, studies concerning its excited states are almost nonexistent. Several excited singlet states were studied (valence nσ* and Rydberg n3s, n3p, σ3s, and σ3p) through highly correlated multireference configuration interaction with singles and doubles, including extensivity correction. Comparison with the states of CH3Cl indicates a strong influence of the F atom. Potential energy curves suggest formation of an electrostatically bound complex that relaxes to a hydrogen‐bonded contact ion‐pair (HBCIP) which can decay yielding CH2F + Cl or to the ground state minimum of CH2FCl. The HBCIP has a dipole moment of 9.57 D, a CI wavefunction described as 0.65ionic + 0.20biradical and it is strongly bonded by 4.72 eV. Its H bond has characteristics of moderate and strong H bonds. The simulated absorption spectrum confirms the nσ* assignment for the first and suggests the n3s + n3pσ assignment for the second band.
Expanding phenotype heterogeneity of NARS2 by presenting subdural hematoma and parenchymal hemorrhage
Authors: Khodaeian Mehrnoosh , Bitarafan Fatemeh , Garrousi Fatemeh , Sardehie Elham Amjadi , Pak Neda , Hosseinpour Sareh , Shakiba Marjan , Falah Masoumeh , Garshasbi Masoud , Tavasoli Ali Reza 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundNARS2 encodes mitochondrial Asparaginyl‐tRNA Synthetase 2, which catalyzes the aminoacylation of tRNA‐Asn in the mitochondria. To date, 24 variants have been reported in NARS2 gene in 35 patients. The phenotypic variability of NARS2‐associated disorder is broad, ranging from neurodevelopmental disorders to hearing loss. In this study, we report some novel imaging findings in an Iranian patient suffering from epileptic encephalopathy, caused by a previously reported variant, c.500A > G; p.(His167Arg), in NARS2.MethodsThe spectrum of clinical manifestations of two Iranian patients was investigated and genetic analysis was performed by Whole‐exome sequencing (WES). Additionally, we also reviewed the literature and summarized the phenotypes of previously reported patients with variants in the NARS2 gene.ResultsHere, we present the phenotypic and genetic features of 2 unrelated Iranian infants presented with neurodevelopmental delay, seizures, hearing impairment, feeding problems, elevated serum lactate levels in addition to subdural hematoma and cerebral parenchymal hemorrhage in the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of one of the patients. Genetic analysis revealed a biallelic missense variant in NARS2: c.500A > G; p.(His167Arg). We described the subdural hematoma and cerebral parenchymal hemorrhage of the brain for the first time.ConclusionsOur study provides new clinical findings, subdural hematoma, and parenchymal hemorrhage, in NARS2‐related disorders. Our findings along with previous studies provide more evidence of the clinical presentation of the disease caused by pathogenic variants in NARS2. Expanding the clinical spectrum increases the diagnostic rate of molecular testing and improves the quality of counseling for at‐risk couples.
SNHG1/miR‐21 axis mediates the cardioprotective role of aloin in sepsis through modulating cardiac cell viability and inflammatory responses
Authors: Peng Jin , Li Shuyuan , Han Maozhi , Gao Feng , Qiao Lujun , Tian Yonggang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAloin has cardioprotective effects, however, its cardioprotective role in sepsis remains unclear. This study aimed to analyze whether aloin could prevent sepsis‐related myocardial damage and explore the underlying mechanisms by examining the expression of long‐noncoding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG1 and microRNA‐21 (miR‐21).MethodsThe interaction of SNHG1 with miR‐21 was identified by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. The levels of SNHG1 and miR‐21 were measured by real‐time quantitative PCR. The cardioprotective function of aloin was assessed in a sepsis animal model, which was induced by cecal ligation and puncture, and in a myocardial injury cell model in H9C2 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. Myocardial injury biomarker levels and hemodynamic indicators in mice model were measured to evaluate cardiac function. The viability of H9C2 cells was assessed by cell counting kit‐8 assay. Inflammatory cytokine levels were examined by an ELISA method.ResultsDecreased SNHG1 and increased miR‐21 were found in sepsis patients with cardiac dysfunction, and they were negatively correlated. Aloin significantly attenuated myocardial damage and inflammatory responses of mice model, and increased the viability and suppressed inflammation in H9C2 cell model. In addition, SNHG1 expression was upregulated and miR‐21 expression was downregulated by aloin in both mice and cell models. Moreover, in mice and cell models, SNHG1/miR‐21 axis affected sepsis‐related myocardial damage, and mediated the cardioprotective effects of aloin.ConclusionOur findings indicated that aloin exerts protective effects in sepsis‐related myocardial damage through regulating cardiac cell viability and inflammatory responses via regulating the SNHG1/miR‐21 axis.
Investigations on the morpho‐anatomy and histochemistry of Aconitum napellus L.
Authors: Armstrong Lorene , Machado Camila Dias , Dell'Avanzi Gabriela Guedes , Spindola Thais , Raman Vijayasankar , Busch Joachim , Maier Jakob , da Silva Nina Cláudia Barboza , Holandino Carla , Oliveira Adriana Passos , Manfron Jane 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAconitum napellus L. is a popular medicinal plant extensively used in homeopathy. This article provides detailed morphology and microscopy, including the anatomical and histochemical features of the herb, to aid authentication and quality control. In cross‐section, the root in secondary growth shows the phloem surrounded by pericyclic fibers and a well‐developed xylem. The stem is irregular in outline, displaying unicellular trichomes and many free collateral vascular bundles encircling the pith. The leaf is dorsiventral, hypostomatic with anomocytic and anisocytic stomata, and shows non‐glandular trichomes. The floral parts are characterized by uniseriate epidermises, homogeneous mesophyll, anomocytic stomata on the abaxial surface, trichomes, and oval pollen grains. The tissue fragments in powdered herbs show these characteristics and have numerous starch grains with thimble‐shaped, linear or star‐shaped hilum. The detailed macroscopic and microscopic analysis provided in this study can help in the authentication and quality control of A. napellus raw materials.Research Highlights
Key anatomical, micromorphological, and microchemical features of Aconitum napellus are described.
The results of the study can support the taxonomy of the genus Aconitum.
Morphological standardization of the species reported here is helpful in the quality control of this herb.
Cadaveric and Computed Tomography Analysis of the Anterior Ethmoidal Artery Flap
Authors: Donaldson Lane B. , Deeb Robert H. , Momin Suhael , Eide Jacob G. , Craig John R. 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) flap has been successful in repairing anterior nasal septal perforations and has been presumed to be axially based on AEA branches coursing through or around the cribriform plate (CP). However, limited evidence supports the flap's axial supply. The purposes of this cadaveric and computed tomography (CT) study were to assess the arterial anatomy from the CP to the septum, and to determine AEA flap length to predict ideal flap base width.MethodsTen fresh latex‐injected cadavers were utilized for endoscopic dissection to identify arteries traversing the CPs on each side. First, arterial trajectories along the dorsal septum were recorded. Measurements were then made bilaterally along the septum from the middle turbinate (MT) axilla to the nasal branch of the AEA (NBAEA) traversing the CP. Additionally, 100 sinus CTs were reviewed to measure AEA flap lengths bilaterally.ResultsFrom 10 cadavers, 20 sides were utilized for measurements. In all cadavers, the AEA septal branches coursed diagonally or horizontally along the dorsal septum, and never directly vertically. The mean distance from the MT axilla to the NBAEA was 1.24 ± 1.93 cm (range = 1–1.5 cm). Based on CTs, the mean AEA flap length was 6.40 ± 0.60 cm.ConclusionsBased on the non‐vertical courses of AEA septal branches, the AEA flap is more likely a random transposition flap than an axial flap. Average AEA flap length ranged from 6.0 to 7.0 cm. Assuming 3:1 length:width ratios, AEA flap base widths should be about 2.0–2.3 cm.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:2100–2104, 2024
Adaptive and optimal regulation controller design for fractional linear multi‐agent systems
Authors: Zhou Tingting , Wu Huaiqin , Cao Jinde , Li Xia 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThis express brief is concerned with the adaptive and optimal regulation control for fractional linear multi‐agent systems (MASs). Firstly, the adaptive control strategy is applied to address the regulation issue for fractional linear MASs with time varying edges. Under the designed adaptive control protocols with adaptive edge‐dependent synchronization gain, the regulation condition is achieved by constructing a Lyapunov functional with the edges. Secondly, the optimal control approach is used to solve the regulation issue for fractional linear MASs with constant edges. The optimization gain is chosen by minimizing an appropriate performance function. Moreover, the synchronization objectives are also achieved based on the proposed the regulation conditions. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the feasibility of the designed controllers are verified by two numerical examples.
Rapid stress relaxation of high‐Tg conjugated polymeric thin films
Authors: Ma Guorong , Zhang Song , Galuska Luke A. , Gu Xiaodan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractConjugated polymers consist of complex backbone structures and side‐chain moieties to meet various optoelectronic and processing requirements. Recent work on conjugated polymers has been devoted to studying the mechanical properties and developing new conjugated polymers with low modulus and high‐crack onset strain, while the thin film mechanical stability under long‐term external tensile strain is less investigated. Here we performed direct mechanical stress relaxation tests for both free‐standing and thin film floated on water surface on both high‐Tg and low‐Tg conjugated polymers, as well as a reference nonconjugated sample, polystyrene. We measured thin films with a range of film thickness from 38 to 179 nm to study the temperature and thickness effect on thin film relaxation, where an apparent enthalpy–entropy compensation effect for glassy polymer PS and PM6 thin films was observed. We also compared relaxation times across three different conjugated polymers and showed that both crystalline morphology and higher modulus reduce the relaxation rate besides higher glass transition temperature. Our work provides insights into the mechanical creep behavior of conjugated polymers, which will have an impact on the future design of stable functional organic electronics.
Extending Spin Dephasing Time of Perfectly Aligned Nitrogen‐Vacancy Centers by Mitigating Stress Distribution on Highly Misoriented Chemical‐Vapor‐Deposition Diamond
Authors: Tsuji Takeyuki , Sekiguchi Takeharu , Iwasaki Takayuki , Hatano Mutsuko 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExtending the spin‐dephasing time (T2*) of perfectly aligned nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) centers in large‐volume chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamonds leads to enhanced DC magnetic sensitivity. However, T2* of the NV centers is significantly reduced by the stress distribution in the diamond film as its thickness increases. To overcome this issue, they developed a method to mitigate the stress distribution in the CVD diamond films, leading to a T2* extension of the ensemble NV centers. CVD diamond films of ≈60 µm thickness with perfectly aligned NV centers are formed on (111) diamond substrates with misorientation angles of 2.0°, 3.7°, 5.0°, and 10.0°. The study found that T2* of the ensemble of NV centers increased to approach its value limited only by the electron and nuclear spin bath with increasing the misorientation angle. Microscopic stress imaging revealed that the stress distribution is highly inhomogeneous along the depth direction in the CVD diamond film at low misorientation angles, whereas the inhomogeneity is largely suppressed on highly misoriented substrates. The reduced stress distribution possibly originates from the reduction of the dislocation density in the CVD diamond. This study provides an important method for synthesizing high‐quality diamond materials for use in highly sensitive quantum sensors.
A Triazine Based Porous Organic Polymer as an Efficient Hydrogen‐Bond Donor and Acceptor Cooperative Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of 2‐Substituted Benzimidazoles
Authors: Panalukudiyil Vijayan Aswathy , Pallikkara Athira , Ramakrishnan Kala , Kumar Rakesh S , Jayasree Elambalassery G 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA novel hydrogen bond donor and acceptor cooperative catalyst based on a triazine cored porous organic polymer has been developed by a simple one pot synthesis. The catalyst was demonstrated to be highly efficient for the synthesis of 2‐substituted benzimidazole and its derivatives under mild reaction condition. The major highlight of the catalyst is the presence of multiple potential sites for hydrogen bonding which facilitates hydrogen bond mediated electrophilic activation of the aldehyde carbonyl for the facile conversion to the 2‐substituted benzimidazole. A plausible reaction mechanism of the catalysis has been proposed which is validated through Density Functional Theory calculations. The method developed offers the production of benzimidazoles by green catalytic procedure with fascinating properties such as one step preparation of catalyst, very good yield of product, mild reaction condition and reusability of the catalyst.
Systematic Comparison of the Strategies for Oligonucleotide Immobilization on Ta2O5 Surface
Authors: Komarova Natalia , Panova Olga , Titov Alexey , Kuznetsov Alexander 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe immobilization of oligonucleotides is an essential step for the development of various biosensors and DNA microarrays. Different methods were developed for the immobilization of oligonucleotides. Here we report a systematic comparison of several popular approaches for oligonucleotide immobilization on Ta2O5 surface: Cu(I)‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition, amine‐to‐sulfhydryl coupling via asymmetric heterobifuctional spacer in two directions, amine‐to‐amine coupling via homobifunctional spacer and disulfide linkage. The performance of these methods was analyzed for the efficiency and specificity of DNA immobilization and subsequent complementary strand hybridization using fluorescent imaging and ELONA with the assistance of atomic force microscopy. Azide‐alkyne cycloaddition and disulfide linkage demonstrated the highest load of immobilized and hybridized DNA and low rate of non‐specific DNA attachment. Both procedures allow the retention of DNA functionality and thus can be applied for the development of oligonucleotide‐based biosensors and microarrays.
Interfacial Synergy in Mo2C/MoC Heterostructure Promoting Sequential Polysulfide Conversion in High‐Performance Lithium–Sulfur Battery
Authors: Liu Ximeng , Wang Junhui , Wang Wanwan , Liu Yu , Sun Jianguo , Wang Haimei , Zhao Qi , Liu Weihao , Huang Qilin , Wang Shijie , An Qinyou , Wang Qing , Shen Lei , Wang John 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA rational design of sulfur host is the key to conquering the“polysulfide shuttle effects” by accelerating the polysulfide conversion. Since the process involves solid–liquid–solid multistep phase transitions, purposely‐engineered heterostructure catalysts with various active regions for catalyzing conversion steps correspondingly are beneficial to promote the overall conversion process. However, the functionalities of the materials surface and interface in heterostructure catalysts remain unclear. In this work, an Mo2C/MoC catalyst with abundant Mo2C surface‐interface‐MoC surface tri‐active‐region is developed by in situ converting the MoZn‐metal organic framework. The experimental and simulation studies demonstrate the interface can catch long‐chain polysulfides and promote their conversion. Instead, the Mo2C and MoC tend to accommodate the short‐chain polysulfide and accelerate their conversion and the Li2S dissociation. Benefitting from the high catalytic ability, the Li–S battery assembled with the Mo2C/MoC‐S cathode shows more discrete redox reactions and delivers a high initial capacity of 1603.6 mAh g−1 at 1 C charging–discharging rate, which is over twofolds of the one assembled using individual hosts, and 80.4% capacity can be maintained after 1000 cycles at 3 C rate. This work has demonstrated a novel synergy between the interface and material surface, which will help the future design of high‐performance Li–S batteries.
Understandings of Sexual Consent Amongst Young Adults
Authors: Featherstone Lisa , Byrnes Cassandra , Maturi Jenny , Minto Kiara , Mickelburgh Renée , Donaghy Paige 
Published: November 2023

AbstractYoung people in Australia are particularly vulnerable to sexual assault with over 40% of reported assaults occurring between the ages of 15 and 35. Despite this, there is little research exploring how young people are engaging with changing perspectives on sexual consent negotiation. Key components of consent frameworks explored in this research are the relationship between the victim and perpetrator, and behaviours of the victim and perpetrator, including the ways in which consent is communicated or sought [or not sought]. Contemporary societal perspectives on consent were explored using survey data from 379 Australians aged 18–35. Results indicate widespread acceptance of affirmative consent approaches to consent, including recognition of passive forms of non-consent communication. However, a substantial minority of participants continue to hold consent views which demonstrate a failure to recognise non-consent in certain contexts and an absence of consideration of contextual cues that may factor into a person’s capacity to give free and enthusiastic consent. This highlights the importance of effective education on consent recognition and communication amongst young people.