bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Person‐specific priorities in solitude
Authors: Ren Dongning , Loh Wen Wei , Chung Joanne M. , Brandt Mark J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivePeople value solitude in varying degrees. Theories and studies suggest that people's appreciation of solitude varies considerably across persons (e.g., an introverted person may value solitude more than an extraverted person), and solitude experiences (i.e., on average, people may value some functions of solitude, e.g., privacy, more than other functions, e.g., self‐discovery). What are the unique contributions of these two sources?MethodWe surveyed a quota‐based sample of 501 US residents about their perceived importance of a diverse set of 22 solitude functions.ResultsVariance component analysis reveals that both sources contributed to the variability of perceived importance of solitude (person: 22%; solitude function: 15%). Crucially, individual idiosyncratic preferences (person–by‐solitude function interaction) had a substantial impact (46%). Further analyses explored the role of personality traits, showing that different functions of solitude hold varying importance for different people. For example, neurotic individuals prioritize emotion regulation, introverted individuals value relaxation, and conscientious individuals find solitude important for productivity.ConclusionsPeople value solitude for idiosyncratic reasons. Scientific inquiries on solitude must consider the fit between a person's characteristics and the specific functions a solitary experience affords. This research suggests that crafting or enhancing positive solitude experiences requires a personalized approach.
Positive event diversity: Relationship with personality and well‐being
Authors: Klaiber Patrick , Hill Patrick L. , Almeida David M. , DeLongis Anita , Sin Nancy L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveExamining the personality and well‐being correlates of positive event diversity.BackgroundPast research has highlighted that personality traits are linked to the frequency of daily positive events. This study is the first to examine positive event diversity, the extent to which positive events are spread across multiple types of positive life domains, as well as its personality and well‐being correlates.MethodWe conducted parallel analyses of three daily diary datasets (Ns = 1919, 744, and 1392) that included evening assessment of daily positive events and affective well‐being. The Big Five personality traits were assessed in baseline surveys.ResultsPositive Event Diversity was related to higher person‐mean daily positive affect but not negative affect. Higher Extraversion, Agreeableness, Openness, and lower Neuroticism were correlated with more positive event diversity. These associations became nonsignificant when controlling for positive event frequency. Positive event frequency moderated the link between positive event diversity and person‐mean affect, such that higher positive event diversity was associated with higher negative and lower positive affect for people who experienced more frequent positive events.ConclusionsNo consistent evidence was found for personality as a moderator of the positive event diversity–well‐being link across the three studies. Further, the well‐being implications of positive event diversity may be better understood when interpreting them alongside indexes of positive event frequency.
Reliability of the 2020 School Health Profiles Principal and Lead Health Education Teacher Questionnaires
Authors: Jones Sherry Everett , Brener Nancy D. , Queen Barbara , Hershey‐Arista Molly , Harris William , Underwood J. Michael 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSchool Health Profiles assesses school health policies and practices among US secondary schools.MethodsThe 2020 School Health Profiles principal and teacher questionnaires were used for a test‐retest reliability study. Cohen's kappa coefficients tested the agreement in dichotomous responses to each questionnaire variable at 2 time points. The aggregate prevalence estimates between time 1 and time 2 were compared for each questionnaire item via overlapping 95% confidence intervals. Chi‐square tests examined whether the prevalence at time 2 differed between paper and web administration for both questionnaires.ResultsFor the principal (N = 50) and teacher (N = 34) data, there were no significant differences in the prevalence of any items between time 1 and time 2. For the principal survey, the mean kappa for 191 variables was 0.49. For the teacher survey, the mean kappa for 260 variables was 0.65. Overall, 60.7% of principal and 91.1% of teacher questionnaire items had at least “moderate” reliability.ConclusionsSchool Health Profiles offers education and health agencies a reliable tool to monitor school policies and practices.
Association of four differently processed diets with plasma and urine advanced glycation end products and serum soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products concentration in healthy dogs
Authors: Bridglalsingh Siobhan , Archer‐Hartmann Stephanie , Azadi Parastoo , Barbier de La Serre Claire , Remillard Rebecca L. , Sunvold Gregory D. , Bartges Joseph W. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAdvanced glycation end products (AGEs), formed via the Maillard reaction (MR) during processing of foods, have been implicated in inflammatory and degenerative diseases in human beings. Cellular damage is primarily caused by AGE binding with the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) on cell membranes. An isoform of RAGE, soluble RAGE (sRAGE), acts as a decoy receptor binding circulating AGEs preventing cellular activation. Pet food manufacturing involves processing methods similar to human food processing that may increase dietary AGEs (dAGEs). We hypothesized that diet, plasma and urine AGEs, and serum sRAGE concentrations would differ between thermally processed diets. This study examined the association of four differently processed diets: ultra‐processed canned wet food (WF); ultra‐processed dry food (DF); moderately processed air‐dried food (ADF) and minimally processed mildly cooked food (MF) on total plasma levels of the AGEs, carboxymethyllysine (CML), carboxyethyllysine (CEL), methylglyoxal hydroimidazolone‐1, glyoxal hydroimidazolone‐1, argpyrimidine, urine CML, CEL and lysinoalanine, and serum sRAGE concentration. Ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure AGEs. sRAGE concentration was measured using a commercial canine‐specific enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kit. Total dAGEs (mg/100 kcal as fed) were higher in WF than in other diets. Plasma total AGEs (nM/50 μL) were significantly higher with WF, with no difference found between DF, ADF, and MF; however, ADF was significantly higher than MF. Urine CML (nmol AGEs/mmol creatinine) was significantly higher with DF than with WF and MF. There were no significant differences in total urine AGEs or serum sRAGE concentration between diets. In conclusion, different methods of processing pet foods are associated with varied quantities of AGEs influencing total plasma AGE concentration in healthy dogs. Serum sRAGE concentration did not vary across diets but differences in total AGE/sRAGE ratio were observed between MF and WF and, ADF and DF.
A palaeogenomic investigation of overharvest implications in an endemic wild reindeer subspecies
Authors: Kellner Fabian L. , Le Moullec Mathilde , Ellegaard Martin R. , Rosvold Jørgen , Peeters Bart , Burnett Hamish A. , Pedersen Åshild Ønvik , Brealey Jaelle C. , Dussex Nicolas , Bieker Vanessa C. , Hansen Brage B. , Martin Michael D. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOverharvest can severely reduce the abundance and distribution of a species and thereby impact its genetic diversity and threaten its future viability. Overharvest remains an ongoing issue for Arctic mammals, which due to climate change now also confront one of the fastest changing environments on Earth. The high‐arctic Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus), endemic to Svalbard, experienced a harvest‐induced demographic bottleneck that occurred during the 17–20th centuries. Here, we investigate changes in genetic diversity, population structure, and gene‐specific differentiation during and after this overharvesting event. Using whole‐genome shotgun sequencing, we generated the first ancient and historical nuclear (n = 11) and mitochondrial (n = 18) genomes from Svalbard reindeer (up to 4000 BP) and integrated these data with a large collection of modern genome sequences (n = 90) to infer temporal changes. We show that hunting resulted in major genetic changes and restructuring in reindeer populations. Near‐extirpation followed by pronounced genetic drift has altered the allele frequencies of important genes contributing to diverse biological functions. Median heterozygosity was reduced by 26%, while the mitochondrial genetic diversity was reduced only to a limited extent, likely due to already low pre‐harvest diversity and a complex post‐harvest recolonization process. Such genomic erosion and genetic isolation of populations due to past anthropogenic disturbance will likely play a major role in metapopulation dynamics (i.e., extirpation, recolonization) under further climate change. Our results from a high‐arctic case study therefore emphasize the need to understand the long‐term interplay of past, current, and future stressors in wildlife conservation.
Divergence and gene flow history at two large chromosomal inversions underlying ecotype differentiation in the long‐snouted seahorse
Authors: Meyer Laura , Barry Pierre , Riquet Florentine , Foote Andrew , Der Sarkissian Clio , Cunha Regina L. , Arbiol Christine , Cerqueira Frédérique , Desmarais Erick , Bordes Anaïs , Bierne Nicolas , Guinand Bruno , Gagnaire Pierre‐Alexandre 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChromosomal inversions can play an important role in divergence and reproductive isolation by building and maintaining distinct allelic combinations between evolutionary lineages. Alternatively, they can take the form of balanced polymorphisms that segregate within populations until one arrangement becomes fixed. Many questions remain about how inversion polymorphisms arise, how they are maintained over the long term, and ultimately, whether and how they contribute to speciation. The long‐snouted seahorse (Hippocampus guttulatus) is genetically subdivided into geographic lineages and marine‐lagoon ecotypes, with shared structural variation underlying lineage and ecotype divergence. Here, we aim to characterize structural variants and to reconstruct their history and suspected role in ecotype formation. We generated a near chromosome‐level genome assembly and described genome‐wide patterns of diversity and divergence through the analysis of 112 whole‐genome sequences from Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Black Sea populations. By also analysing linked‐read sequencing data, we found evidence for two chromosomal inversions that were several megabases in length and showed contrasting allele frequency patterns between lineages and ecotypes across the species range. We reveal that these inversions represent ancient intraspecific polymorphisms, one likely being maintained by divergent selection and the other by pseudo‐overdominance. A possible selective coupling between the two inversions was further supported by the absence of specific haplotype combinations and a putative functional interaction between the two inversions in reproduction. Lastly, we detected gene flux eroding divergence between inverted alleles at varying levels for the two inversions, with a likely impact on their dynamics and contribution to divergence and speciation.
Automated flatness assessment for large quantities of full‐scale precast beams using laser scanning
Authors: Xu Chang , Xiong Wen , Tang Pingbo , Cai C. S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPrefabrication has been widely used in bridge construction, for which precast beams are produced from a beam yard and constructed with a cast‐in‐suit bridge deck. The developments recently are focusing on large dimensions or large quantities of beam units, which leads to the inevitable challenge of beam quality control. Among them, beam surface flatness as one of the important indicators for manufacturing quality needs to be strictly controlled to ensure structural performance. However, the commonly used methods still rely heavily on manually contact‐based inspection, which is not only time‐consuming but also error‐prone. This paper presents an automated flatness assessment for large quantities of full‐scale precast beams by using terrestrial laser scanning techniques. Through axis calibration, target surface segmentation, and flatness deviation calculation, flatness deviations of the segmented surfaces from the point cloud of the entire beam are calculated, and colored maps are generated to visually assess the flatness quality. The proposed approach was applied to numerical simulated models as well as laboratory‐scale specimens for accuracy validation. Besides, its processing time was also compared to conventional contact‐based inspection during a field test. Moreover, efforts are devoted to applying the proposed method on nearly a thousand precast beams in an in‐field bridge construction project. Results can demonstrate its outperformance not only on accuracy but also the efficiency and practicality when applied to large quantities of full‐scale precast beams.
A suffering body, hidden away from others: The experience of being long‐term bedridden with severe myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome in childhood and adolescence
Authors: Krabbe Silje Helen , Bjorbækmo Wenche Schrøder , Mengshoel Anne Marit , Sveen Unni , Groven Karen Synne 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this article, we present findings from a qualitative study examining how young women experience being long‐term bedridden with myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), also known as chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), during childhood and adolescence. The aim is to explore how young women who fell ill with ME/CFS during childhood and adolescence look back on their lived experience of being long‐term bedridden from the vantage point of being fully or partially recovered. Informed by a phenomenological theoretical perspective, the researchers applied a narrative methodological approach involving the analysis of interviews with 13 women, aged 16–29 years at the time of the interview. Attention was particularly paid to how participants structured their narratives and to the events (telling moments) they identified as important. Four major storylines were developed: Ambivalent responses to the presence of others; A body on the edge of life; An eternity in the dark; and Recasting painful memories of being bedridden and alone. Based on our findings, we argue that the experience of being long‐term bedridden with ME/CFS during childhood and adolescence can be understood and communicated as a plot in which individuals find themselves pushed to the extreme limit of suffering and loneliness.
Finance, race, ethnicity, and spoken language impact clinical outcomes for children with acute liver failure
Authors: Ascher Bartlett Johanna , Barhouma Sarah , Bangerth Sarah , Mejia Valeria , Weaver Carly , Kohli Rohit , Emamaullee Juliet 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPediatric acute liver failure (PALF) is an emergency, necessitating prompt referral and management at an experienced liver transplant center. Social determinants of health (SDOH) drive healthcare disparities and can affect many aspects of disease presentation, access to care, and ultimately clinical outcomes. Potential associations between SDOH and PALF outcomes, including spontaneous recovery (SR), liver transplant (LT) or death, are unknown. This study aims to investigate how SDOH may affect PALF and therefore identify areas for intervention to mitigate unrecognized disparities.MethodsA retrospective, single‐center cohort was analyzed and then compared and validated with data from the multicenter National Institutes of Health PALF Study Group. The single‐center review included 145 patients admitted with PALF using diagnostic codes. Medical records were reviewed to extract patient demographics, family structure, inpatient social worker assessments, and clinical outcomes. Data were stratified by outcome.ResultsThis analysis determined that level of family support (p = .02), caretaker employment (p = .02), patient age, race, and language (p = .01) may impact clinical outcomes. Specifically, the cohort of children that died had the largest proportion of non‐English speaking patients with limited support systems and parents who worked full‐time. Conversely, patients who underwent LT more often belonged to English‐speaking families with a homemaker and extensive support systems.ConclusionThis study suggests that SDOH impact PALF outcomes and highlights patient populations facing additional challenges during an already complex healthcare emergency. These associations may indicate unconscious biases held by transplant teams when evaluating waitlist candidacy, as well as barriers to healthcare access. Strategies to better understand the broader applicability of our findings and, if confirmed, efforts to mitigate social disparities, may improve clinical outcomes in PALF.
Comparison of tacrolimus vs. cyclosporine in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for thalassemia
Authors: Zhumatayev Suleimen , Yalcin Koray , Celen Safiye Suna , Karaman Irem , Daloglu Hayriye , Ozturkmen Seda , Uygun Vedat , Karasu Gulsun , Yesilipek Akif 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesGraft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT, and effective prevention of GvHD is critical for the success of the HSCT procedure. Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) have been used for decades as the backbone of GvHD prophylaxis. In this study, the efficacy and safety of Cyclosporine A (CsA) and tacrolimus (TCR) were compared in pediatric HSCT for thalassemia.Materials and MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of 129 pediatric patients who underwent HSCT with the diagnosis of thalassemia at Medicalpark Göztepe and Antalya Hospitals between January 2017 and December 2020.ResultsDespite the GvHD prophylaxis, grade II–IV acute GvHD developed in 29 patients. Of these patients, 12 had only gut, 10 had only skin, 6 had combined gut and skin, and one had only liver GvHD. Fifteen of these 29 patients were in the CsA group, and 14 of them were in the TCR group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of acute GvHD occurrence, GvHD stage, or involvement sites. In terms of CNI‐related toxicity, neurotoxicity in 15 (CsA n = 9, TCR n = 6) and nephrotoxicity in 18 (CsA n = 4, TCR n = 14) patients were observed. While there was no difference between the two groups in terms of neurotoxicity, more nephrotoxicity developed in patients using TCR (p = .013). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of engraftment syndrome, veno‐occlusive disease, CMV reactivation, PRES, or graft rejection.ConclusionRegarding GvHD, there was no difference in efficacy between TCR and CsA usage. Patients taking TCR experienced noticeably higher nephrotoxicity in terms of adverse effects. This difference should be considered according to the patient's clinical situation while choosing a CNI.
Improvement of survival after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and trends at a pediatric transplantation center; a three‐decade journey
Authors: Sezgin Gülay , Öner Yasemin Sofu , İnan Gül , Ünal İlker , Özkan Ayşe , Küpeli Serhan , Bayram İbrahim , Tanyeli Atila 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdvances in stem cell transplantation have resulted in improved outcomes.MethodsThis is a retrospective study aimed to analyze changes in patient profile, transplantation, graft characteristics, and outcome among 241 pediatric patients who received stem cell transplantation in a single center between 1993 and 2019.ResultsIn the 2010–2019, compared with the 1993–2009 period, a significantly higher 5‐year overall survival (60% vs. 44%, p = .022) and an event‐free survival (53% vs. 34%, p = .025) were observed. Cumulative incidence of deaths due to relapse or progression between the 1993–2009 and 2010–2019 periods were 33% and 26% respectively (p = .66). Cumulative incidence of non‐relapse mortality was significantly higher during the 1993–2009 period compared with the 2010–2019 period for malignant diseases (57.7% vs. 28.3%, p = .007). The overall survival from acute graft‐versus‐host disease between 1993 and 2009 was 11% versus 46% between 2010 and 2019 (p = .0001). The overall survival from infection in both eras did not show any difference (p = .41).ConclusionsDevelopment in transplantation technology has led to a decrease in non‐relapse mortality and better control of graft‐versus‐host disease. However, relapse and infection remained as major causes of death. Studies evaluating institutional trends in patients undergoing HSCT and analyzing their mortality profile, can improve the management of patients, leading to a reduction in transplant‐related problems.
Comparing between HLA‐matched sibling donor allogenic HSCT and non‐sibling matched related donor allogenic HSCT outcome in pediatric patients; single center retrospective study
Authors: Essa Mohammed F. , Alghazwani Sarah , Abujoub Rodaina , Memon Shahbaz , Alkaiyat Mohammed , Ardah Husam , Alsultan Abdulrahman 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundExtended family donor search other than siblings may yield an HLA matched donor in communities with high rate of consanguinity. The outcome of patients who are transplanted from non‐sibling matched related donors (NS‐MRD) including engraftment and graft versus host disease (GVHD) are scarce in comparison with matched sibling donor (MSD).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the outcome of all our pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients who had non‐sibling matched related donor and controlled them with matched sibling donor HSCT (based on age, indication of HSCT, conditioning regimen, GVHD prophylaxis, serotherapy, stem cell source and cytomegalovirus status).ResultsA total of 76 patients were reviewed during study period. Thirty patients (39.5%) in NS‐MRD arm and 46 patients in MSD (60.5%) were identified after matching in age, disease, and conditioning regimens. All patients had similar approach including stem cell source and GVHD prophylaxis (CNI + 2nd agent). Out of the NS‐MRD group, 18 patients (59%) had one of their parents as a donor and the rest as second degree relatives. Both groups were equally distributed and were homogeneous. Both groups had no statistically significant difference in outcome including engraftment, GVHD and Chimerism tests results. GVHD was seen in (13%) NS‐MRD patients compared to (11%) in MSD patients. All patients remain alive with median follow up of 1249 days (431–3525).ConclusionsThis study showed no significant difference in allogenic HSCT outcomes between matched sibling donors and non‐sibling matched related donors and support using the same management approach in terms of conditioning therapy, GVHD prophylaxis, and serotherapy only if indicated.