bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L'entraide entre les ménages : un facteur d'inégalité sociale ?
Authors: Lebeaux Marie-Odile , Degenne Alain 
Published: December 2023

Résumé RÉSUMÉ : L'enquête Modes de vie de l'INSEE a recueilli pour chaque ménage enquêté (il y en a 6807), les autres ménages avec lesquels il a eu un échange de service au moins une fois dans Г année. L' analyse met en relief V importance de la famine dans les échanges (2 cas sur 3). Elle montre que ce sont les ménages les plus aisés qui ont le plus d'échanges. Elle permet cependant de mettre en évidence, à côté de cette entraide la plus répendue, des échanges qui bénéficient aux ménages les moins favorisés. Une manière de les repérer est de considérer les réseaux de petites tailles. L'étude conclut que l'entraide n'est pas un facteur de réduction des inégalités.
La cohabitation à l'époque de la retraite
Authors: Cribier Françoise 
Published: December 2023

Résumé Parmi les 10 millions de gens qui en France vivent de la retraite, près du quart «cohabitent » avec quelqu un qui n'est ni un conjoint ni un enfant de moins de 25 ans. Même aux âges élevés les cohabitants sont plus nombreux que les personnes en institution. On montrera ici, à partir d'une analyse du recensement et d'enquêtes auprès de retraités, l'importance, les formes et l'évolution du phénomène, et on verra que contrairement à ce qu'on pense souvent, les échanges entre génératiotis se font le plus souvent « dans les deux sens ». On analysera le rôle des caractéristiques démographiques, des situations sociales, des logements, de la taille des villes, de la localisation enfin : de tous les phénomènes socio-démographiques la cohabitation est celui dont la diversité régionale est restée la plus grande.
1986-1990 : Démocratisation et/ou hiérarchisation scolaire croissante des publics lycéens ?
Authors: Mear Patrick , Merle Pierre 
Published: December 2023

Résumé La croissance exceptionnelle des effectifs lycéens au cours des années quatre-vingt a induit mécaniquement une démocratisation globale des publics scolaires de la seconde à la terminale. Mais la problématique de la démocratisation s'est déplacée : la discrimination sociale des sections à l'intérieur des établissements du second degré (de la terminale G à la terminale С notamment) a maintenu, voire renforcé, des inégalités sociales et scolaires que l'unification des voies d'accès au lycée avait supprimées ou occultées. Cependant, l'approche statistique relative à la démocratisation du système d'enseignement constitue un bilan incomplet des réformes éducatives des années quatre-vingt en occultant le renforcement scolaire de l'élite sociale, et en surestimant la démocratisation constatée.
Quelques leçons d'une histoire de la psychologie sociale/[some teachings from the history of social psychology]
Authors: Apfelbaum Erika 
Published: December 2023

Résumé Pour quelles raisons des chercheurs, qui restent par ailleurs entièrement partie prenante d'un projet psycho-social, entreprennent-ils défaire l'histoire de leur discipline ? Quels sont les enjeux d 'une telle démarche, tant pour la discipline que pour les chercheurs eux- mêmes ? Comment et avec quels effets cette histoire est-elle reconstruite ? Entre 1945 et 1970, les psychologues sociaux étaient avant tout occupés à élaborer les champs problématiques, les théories et les méthodologies. Il n'y avait, durant cet âge d'or, guère de besoin et peu de temps pour une activité réflexive sur sa propre pratique de recherche. La connaissance des origines de la discipline était limitée à l'histoire des filiations, telle qu 'elle a été reconstituée par Allport (1968). Cette histoire officielle avait pour objectif déclaré de proposer des fondements communs, constituants et garants d'une communauté scientifique. À cette histoire apologétique s 'oppose aujourd 'hui une autre forme d'histoire dont l'objectif plus critique interpelle les fictions majeures sous-jacentes à la discipline. On examine également la période des années 1970, l'ère des doutes, celle de la critique au cours de laquelle ont été mis en question les fondements épistémologiques constitutifs de la discipline. On défend l'idée que l'histoire critique a une fonction euristique pour le développement ultérieur de la discipline et l'on suggère quelques-uns des aspects qu'un tel travail d'investigation devrait inclure.
Socialisme français et social-démocratie européenne
Authors: Bergounioux Alain 
Published: December 2023

Résumé Les partis socialistes européens connaissent aujourd'hui un débat d'orientation. Pour comprendre la situation du socialisme français, il est nécessaire de restituer les principaux traits de sa culture politique et de ses évolutions. Les années 1980-1990 ont connu plusieurs ruptures importantes qui le placent aujourd'hui pleinement dans le concert du socialisme européen. Il y a plusieurs « troisièmes voies ».
Avertissements aux candidats à l'agrégation d'histoire (1901)
Authors: Langlois Charles-Victor 
Published: December 2023

Résumé Ce document, extrait des Questions d'histoire et d'enseignement (1902) du médiéviste de la Sorbonne qui a signé avec Charles Seignobos en 1898 la célèbre Introduction aux études historiques, récapitule les qualités attendues d'un candidat au concours de l'agrégation. Il détaille les épreuves et s'interroge particulièrement sur la « leçon de lycée » et la « leçon pédagogique ». Il donne un bon exemple des interrogations scientifiques, morales et d'éducation qui agitaient l'Université nouvelle au début de ce siècle et qui, à sa fin, n'ont pas toutes été levées.
Le grand retour de la mission ?
Authors: Prudhomme Claude 
Published: December 2023

Résumé Renouvelée par les expériences de la mission ouvrière et par l'essor de la mis-siologie, l'idée de mission en est venue au début des années I960 à dominer la pastorale dans son ensemble. L'idéal de « plantation » de l'Église, qui conduisait à privilégier l'installation d'infrastructures permettant l'essor du christianisme en pays de mission au détriment de la simple stratégie de conversion, a fait privilégier un engagement social qui était aussi une forme de présence silencieuse du missionnaire aux côtés des populations locales. Ce triomphe de la mission est en partie à l'origine de la crise de l'idée missionnaire qui se dessine à la fin des années I960, renforcée par la décolonisation, et de l'essor du tiers-mondisme. Si toute l'Église est devenue missionnaire, pourquoi former des clercs et des laïques spécialisés en vue de cet engagement ? Pourtant, les années 1980 et 1990 voient le retour en force de l'idée missionnaire dans l'Église catholique, sous l'effet conjoint du renouveau charismatique et de la stratégie romaine de « nouvelle évangélisation » de l'Europe. Tout débat n'est donc pas clos, entre les partisans d'une action visible de conversion du monde et les partisans d'une présence plus discrète des chrétiens au sein des sociétés modernes.
Investigation of factors affecting the rapid detection of agarwood formation in <em>Aquilaria crassna</em> by near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Herath H. M. W. A. I. , Jinendra B. M. S. 
Published: December 2023

Agarwood is a highly valued fragrant resin produced inside a few tree species belonging to the family Thymalaeaceae as a self-defense response to plant stress. The amount of resin developed inside the tree cannot be estimated by outside inspection. Consequently, harvesting trees before they reach their potential yield is a severe drawback to the Agarwood industry. Therefore, developing effective techniques for detecting Agarwood resin status inside the tree species has become a critically important task for the agarwood industry to increase productivity. The present study evaluates the factors affecting Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) models when predicting agarwood formation inside A. crassna trunks using NIR spectroscopy. The research used 110 wood specimens obtained from well-grown Agarwood trees in a commercial plantation in Nawimana GS Division, Matara District, Sri Lanka. NIR meter FQA-NIR Gun (588-1100nm) with a custom-made probe was used to acquire NIR reflectance spectra without outside light interference. SIMCA models were built to identify the agar resin-developed wood log areas from the normal wood areas in the tree trunk. SIMCA prediction models were built to investigate three influencing factors, namely present or absent outside tree bark, surface roughness and wood thickness agarwood prediction. Better prediction results were obtained from the bark-removed samples (at the accuracy rates of 97%) to the bark present (85%), smooth wood surfaces (98%) to the rough surface (90%) and 2mm thickness (98%) to the other thickness. The most effective wavelength for the separation of Agarwood present and absent samples was located at 978 nm of NIR. The study has demonstrated the potential possibility of using NIR spectroscopy to identify the agarwood formation in A. crassna in non-destructive and rapid mode.
The aging process of deep fat compartments in the midface and midfacial rejuvenation: An ultrasound-based analysis
Authors: Hung Wei-Kai , Chen Chun-Bing , Cheng Chun-Yu , Chang Shyue-Luen , Hu Sindy , Chang Ya-Ching , Huang Yau-Li 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
The midfacial fat is highly compartmentalized, and the deep fat compartments provide structural support for the midface. Understanding the age-related changes in the midfacial deep fat compartments is important for midfacial rejuvenation physiologically. However, previous studies showed conflicted results of these changes.

Objectives:
This study aims to quantify the age-related changes of deep fat compartments in the midface using ultrasound.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate subjects with age more than 25 years old and the subjects were divided into four age groups equally (25–34, 35–44, 45–54, and ≥55). The thickness of the suborbicularis oculi fat compartment (SOOF) and deep medial cheek fat compartment (DMCF) was measured using a portable ultrasound device. Mean thickness differences among different age groups were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. Multiple linear regression adjusted for body mass index (BMI) and sex was also conducted.

Results:
A total of 60 subjects were enrolled. The thickness of SOOF and DMCF tends to decrease with age. The mean decrease of SOOF and DMCF from the youngest group to the oldest group was 0.63 mm (36%) and 0.70 mm (25.83%), respectively. The relationship between aging and thickness of SOOF and DMCF remains significant after adjusting for BMI and sex (both P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The thickness of deep fat compartments decreases with the natural aging process. The study may offer clinical implications for targeted volume rejuvenation to achieve a more youthful and natural face.
Sample size considerations in research
Authors: Sivasamy Shyam 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
“What should be the sample size for my study?” is a common question in the minds of every research at some point of the research cycle. Answering this question with confident is tough even for a seasoned researcher. Sample size determination, an important aspect of sampling design consideration of a study, is a factor which directly influences the internal and external validity of the study. Unless the sample size is of adequate size, the results of the study cannot be justified. Conducting a study in too small sample size or too large sample size have ethical, scientific, practical, and economic strings attached to it and have detrimental effects in the research outcomes. A myriad of factors including the study design, type of power analysis, sampling technique employed, and acceptable limits of error fixed play a decisive role in estimating the sample size. However, the advent of free to use software and websites for sample size estimation has actually diluted or sometimes complicated the whole process of sample size estimation as important factors or assumptions related to sample size are overlooked. Engaging a professional biostatistician from the very beginning of the research process would be a wise decision while conducting research. This article highlights the important concepts related to sample size estimation with emphasis on factors which influences it.
Do higher radiation doses improve survival for cervical esophageal squamous cell cancer patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy using intensity-modulated radiotherapy? A propensity-score matched analysis
Authors: Xie Feihong , Liu Tingting , Wang Xinran , Dong Jinling , Huang Wei , Sun Hongfu 
Published: December 2023

Objective:
This study was conducted to determine whether higher doses of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) could improve the survival rate in patients of cervical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (CESCC), and lead to more severe treatment-related toxicity.

Methods:
The clinical records of stage I–IVA CESCC patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) using IMRT between January 2013 and June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients in the high-dose (HD) group received ≥60 Gy and those in the standard-dose group received <60 Gy. A propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to balance the confounding factors between both groups. The primary endpoint was over-survival (OS). progression-free survival (PFS), loco-regional control (LRC), and treatment-related toxicity were also evaluated.

Results:
A total of 136 patients with CESCC were included. Patients with N1–3 nodal and stages III–IVA of the disease (P < 0.05) were included in the HD group. The differences in the OS, PFS, and LRC between the two groups were not statistically significant (P = 0.350, 0.063, and 0.099, respectively). After PSM, significantly longer PFS and LRC were observed in the HD group. The difference in OS between the two groups was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the incidence of treatment-related toxicity between the two groups.

Conclusions:
The results of this PSM analysis suggested that higher doses may improve PFS and LRC for CESCC patients receiving CRT using OMRT, but do not demonstrate any statistically significant advantage in improving OS.
Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score, Lactate, and Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio Help in Diagnosis and Mortality Prediction during Golden Hour of Sepsis in Emergency Department
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Kattimani Babu , Ojha Pushpanjali R. , Khasage Udaykumar J. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition with a very narrow golden period in which confirmatory diagnosis may change the outcome dramatically. No confirmatory biomarker is available till date for early diagnosis of sepsis. This study aimed to evaluate the combined and independent role of quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score, lactate, and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in diagnosis and mortality prediction in early sepsis.

Methods:
This was a hospital-based, single-center, prospective cohort study conducted in a tertiary care institute, Karnataka, India. Three hundred adult sepsis patients were recruited during 10-month period, and demographic data, qSOFA score, lactate, NLR, and culture samples were collected in ED within 1 h of admission. Outcome groups (survivor and nonsurvivor) were statistically analyzed with relative frequencies (%), median, mean ± standard deviation with 95% confidence interval (CI), univariate, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analysis, and Receiver -operating characteristic curve (ROC) curve to test the predictive ability of initial levels of three biomarkers.

Results:
Sepsis was more prevalent among middle-aged male patients. Male gender (odds ratio [OR], 6.9; 95% CI: 1.61–30.1), qSOFA (OR, 154; 95% CI: 15–1565), and lactate (OR, 1.36; 95% CI: 22–833) show 97% (area under the curve) predictive accuracy of the model for sepsis on bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. A significant rise in NLR was a poor outcome indicator on univariate analysis (P = 0.773).

Conclusion:
All three biomarkers are good outcome predictors whereas qSOFA and lactate have diagnostic significance in early sepsis. These markers can be used for patient triaging, minimizing culture report dependence for treatment and ultimately the outcome.
The role of nurses in the prevention of cervical cancer: Cervical screening, an unkept promise by the majority of women in Nigeria
Authors: Adigun Mary Opeyemi , Esan Deborah Tolulope , Adeyanju Benedict Tolulope , Oyinloye Babatunji Emmanuel 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Cervical cancer remains a major public health problem accounting for continuous female death in developing countries. Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women globally with an estimated number of 500,000 new cases of cervical cancer and 273,000 mortalities annually. Cervical screening is the best cancer screening test in the history of medicine and most cost-effective of all medical screening tests. The study review aimed to highlight methods of cervical cancer prevention, identify the uptake of cervical screening among women, and explain the role of nurses in uptake of cervical screening. Cervical cancer is preventable and easily treatable if it is detected at early stages, but poor information on prevention and access to screening and treatment contributes to 90% of deaths. In the developing countries such as Nigeria, a large proportion of cervical cancers are diagnosed in advanced stages, with poor rates of survival. The three main methods for preventing cervical cancer are through primary prevention (human papillomavirus vaccination and health education), secondary prevention (cervical screening, early detection of precancerous lesions, and treatment), and tertiary prevention (measures to slow the progression or recurrence, surgical removal, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy). Nurses can help improve the acceptability of this neglected promise by focusing on health education on cervical screening and vaccination in prenatal clinics and infant welfare clinics where there are more women. Inclusion of cyberspace could also serve as a successful and popular platform for this health teaching. All nurses/midwives must preach and fervently work toward the WHO 90–70–90 plan for eradicating cervical cancer.
Nonpharmacological pain management practices among nurses working in multiple centers in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alrimali Afaf Mufadhi , Al-Hamad Noran Mohammad , Almazeani Faisal Hamoud , Alharbi Mona Dahi 
Published: December 2023

Objective:
The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence, and determinants, of nonpharmacological pain management practices among nurses in multiple settings.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional examination was conducted involving 324 nurses from 16 hospitals in Hai’l, Saudi Arabia. Participants completed a self-reported survey utilizing established tools to assess the frequency of nonpharmacological pain management interventions utilization and identify associated barriers. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 29.0.

Results:
Nonpharmacological pain management practices were found to be utilized “sometimes,” with a score of 2.89 ± 0.48. Commonly employed techniques included placing patients in comfortable positions and providing a tranquil environment. Gender was the sole demographic factor significantly affecting the use of these techniques (P < 0.001), with female nurses demonstrating higher utilization. Barriers to implementation varied based on the hours of recent pain management education (P = 0.004), with prevalent barriers including nurse shortages, multiple responsibilities, heavy workloads, and nurse fatigue.

Conclusion:
The study reveals moderate utilization of nonpharmacological pain management approaches, primarily focusing on patient positioning and creating a calm environment. Female nurses exhibited higher adoption rates of these techniques. Barriers to implementation, such as nurse shortages and heavy workloads, were influenced by recent pain management education. Consequently, enhancing education and fostering supportive work environments are crucial for surmounting these barriers and promoting pain management awareness among nurses.
Digital Rectal Examination Still Plays a Crucial Role of Predicting Outcomes in the Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Primary Total Prostate Cryoablation
Authors: Lin Kuan-Hung , Hsieh Tsung-Yi , Chen Chung-Hsin , Pu Yeong-Shiau 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
In the management of prostate cancer (PC), outcome prediction using clinical stages determined via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or digital rectal examination (DRE) is controversial.

Materials and Methods:
Patients with PC who received primary total prostate cryoablation (PTPC) at our institution between October 2008 and March 2021 were enrolled in this study. The primary outcome was biochemical recurrence (BCR), which was defined according to the Phoenix criteria. The concordance of clinical stages determined via DRE and MRI was measured using the weighted kappa coefficient. The Cox proportional-hazards models were used to assess the BCR risks.

Results:
A total of 230 patients with a median age of 70 years were included in the analysis. The consensus rate of clinical T stages between DRE and MRI was 60.9% with fair concordance (κ = 0.310). DRE upstaged 25 (10.9%) patients, whereas MRI upstaged 65 (28.3%) patients. During the median follow-up duration of 83.1 months, BCR occurred in 78 patients. The univariate analysis of BCR revealed that initial prostate-specific antigen, Gleason sum, and DRE-determined T stage (T3a–b vs. T1-2c; hazard ratio [HR] 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2–2.94) were statistical predictors of BCR. However, no significant association was observed between MRI-determined T stage and BCR (T3a–b vs. T1-2c; HR 1.30; 95% CI 0.83–2.02). The multivariate models consisting of DRE-determined T stage were better than those consisting of MRI-determined T stage based on the Akaike information criteria.

Conclusion:
In the patients who underwent PTPC, DRE was a valuable technique for evaluating preoperative tumor status and predicting outcomes.
Pricing of Aquaculture Industry Microinsurance Premiums with Standard Deviation Principle Approach (Case Study: Tasikmalaya)
Authors: Muhajirin Anang , Susanti Dwi , Riaman Riaman 
Published: December 2023

Aquaculture is a rapidly growing industry and has enormous potential to increase the income and welfare of fish farmers. The majority of aquaculture businesses in Indonesia are small-scale cultivators, low productivity and limited business accessibility. As a result, there is an aquaculture industry that does not understand the use of aquaculture-specific financial risk management tools. Therefore, an insurance instrument is needed to manage losses that occur so as to achieve financial and income benefits, namely Micro Insurance. This study aims to calculate premium prices with a standard deviation principle approach. The data used is loss data if aquaculture cultivators do not pay in accordance with the initial capital in Tasikmalaya obtained through primary data based on the results of field surveys through questionnaires. The method of analyzing the number of event data uses the Poisson distribution, while the loss data uses the Exponential distribution. Next, calculate the parameter estimation using the Maximum Likelihood Estimation method. The results of parameter estimation are used to find a collective risk model. From the calculation results in this study, a premium price of IDR was obtained.