bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proliferative Angiopathy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Brown Nolan J. , Lien Brian V. , Ehresman Jeff , Rahmani Redi , Catapano Joshua S. , Lawton Michael T. 
Published: February 2024

Background
First described over 4 decades ago as a diffuse form of arteriovenous malformation, cerebral proliferative angiopathy (CPA) is now categorized as a distinct vascular anomaly. Unlike arteriovenous malformation, which typically forms a well‐developed vascular nidus with feeder vessels and distinct venous outflow, CPA is the product of disorganized angiogenesis; thus, it lacks a true nidus. Its characteristic cycle of ischemia, angiogenesis, and aberrant perfusion can lead to abnormal blood flow patterns that characterize the disease. Treatment of CPA has historically relied on conservative management (antiepileptic drugs), and efforts to effectively manage this pathology have been hindered by an incomplete understanding of its natural history.

Methods
A systematic search of 4 databases was performed. The following variables were extracted when present: study sample size, year of publication, age(s) of patient(s), sex, presenting signs and symptoms, neurological deficits (pre‐ and postoperative), type of intervention, average follow‐up time, and patient‐reported as well as functional outcomes at last follow‐up.

Results
Following the search and screen, 48 studies reporting 105 CPA cases remained eligible for inclusion. These studies consisted of 41 case reports, 6 case series, and 1 retrospective cohort study. The most common modality used in treatment of CPA was conservative management (53.4%). The second most common treatment modality was endovascular embolization (36.9%). The least common treatment modality was gamma knife radiosurgery, which was used in only 2 patients. Eleven patients experienced intracranial hemorrhage as a complication of CPA; 10 of the 11 patients underwent decompressive craniectomy. Finally, revascularization surgery was reportedly used in 5 patients (4.9%).

Conclusion
Although there remains a dearth of studies reporting CPA, several clearly defined traits have been identified that characterize this pathology and distinguish it from arteriovenous malformation. Nonetheless, the verdict has not yet been reached regarding the effectiveness of surgical interventions.
Continuity and Change in Norm Translations After the Paris Agreement: From First to Second Nationally Determined Contributions
Authors: Höhne Chris , Kahmann Christian , Lohaus Mathis 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Following the Paris Agreement, states have submitted nationally determined contributions (NDCs) pledging how they aim to prevent dangerous climate change. These documents reveal how states translate the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change’s (UNFCCC) normative expectations based on their domestic circumstances. We examine continuity and change between first and second NDCs with an inductive method of quantitative text analysis—topic modeling. Overall, these pledges rely on UNFCCC’s norms, indicating the stability of the liberal order. Many norms are translated similarly in first and second NDCs. When states prioritize some norms over others, this continues to align with the annex divide, reflecting differences in domestic circumstances (e.g., vulnerability). Yet, some discourse coalitions also cut across this line. Two innovative translations stand out in the second NDCs: first, the low-carbon economy discourse adds a new spin to “liberal environmentalism,” apparently driven by competition among higher-income countries, and second, interlinkages with the human rights regime point to successful transnational socialization in democratic states. These findings indicate potential directions for global climate politics.
Representational similarity learning reveals a graded multidimensional semantic space in the human anterior temporal cortex
Authors: Cox Christopher R. , Rogers Timothy T. , Shimotake Akihiro , Kikuchi Takayuki , Kunieda Takeharu , Miyamoto Susumu , Takahashi Ryosuke , Matsumoto Riki , Ikeda Akio , Lambon Ralph Matthew A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Neurocognitive models of semantic memory have proposed that the ventral anterior temporal lobes (vATLs) encode a graded and multidimensional semantic space—yet neuroimaging studies seeking brain regions that encode semantic structure rarely identify these areas. In simulations, we show that this discrepancy may arise from a crucial mismatch between theory and analysis approach. Utilizing an analysis recently formulated to investigate graded multidimensional representations, representational similarity learning (RSL), we decoded semantic structure from ECoG data collected from the vATL cortical surface while participants named line drawings of common items. The results reveal a graded, multidimensional semantic space encoded in neural activity across the vATL, which evolves over time and simultaneously expresses both broad and finer-grained semantic structure among animate and inanimate concepts. The work resolves the apparent discrepancy within the semantic cognition literature and, more importantly, suggests a new approach to discovering representational structure in neural data more generally.
Homeostatic Feelings and the Emergence of Consciousness
Authors: Damasio Antonio , Damasio Hanna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this article, we summarize our views on the problem of consciousness and outline the current version of a novel hypothesis for how conscious minds can be generated in mammalian organisms. We propose that a mind can be considered conscious when three processes are in place: the first is a continuous generation of interoceptive feelings, which results in experiencing of the organism's internal operations; the second is the equally continuous production of images, generated according to the organism's sensory perspective relative to its surround; the third combines feeling/experience and perspective resulting in a process of subjectivity relative to the image contents. We also propose a biological basis for these three components: the peripheral and central physiology of interoception and exteroception help explain the implementation of the first two components, whereas the third depends on central nervous system integration, at multiple levels, from spinal cord, brainstem, and diencephalic nuclei, to selected regions of the mesial cerebral cortices.
Distinct structural variants and repeat landscape shape the genomes of the ancient grapes Aglianico and Falanghina
Authors: Aversano Riccardo , Iovene Marina , Esposito Salvatore , L’Abbate Alberto , Villano Clizia , Di Serio Ermanno , Cardone Maria Francesca , Bergamini Carlo , Cigliano Riccardo Aiese , D’Amelia Vincenzo , Frusciante Luigi , Carputo Domenico 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMounting evidence recognizes structural variations (SVs) and repetitive DNA sequences as crucial players in shaping the existing grape phenotypic diversity at intra- and inter-species levels. To deepen our understanding on the abundance, diversity, and distribution of SVs and repetitive DNAs, including transposable elements (TEs) and tandemly repeated satellite DNA (satDNAs), we re-sequenced the genomes of the ancient grapes Aglianico and Falanghina. The analysis of large copy number variants (CNVs) detected candidate polymorphic genes that are involved in the enological features of these varieties. In a comparative analysis of Aglianico and Falanghina sequences with 21 publicly available genomes of cultivated grapes, we provided a genome-wide annotation of grape TEs at the lineage level. We disclosed that at least two main clusters of grape cultivars could be identified based on the TEs content. Multiple TEs families appeared either significantly enriched or depleted. In addition, in silico and cytological analyses provided evidence for a diverse chromosomal distribution of several satellite repeats between Aglianico, Falanghina, and other grapes. Overall, our data further improved our understanding of the intricate grape diversity held by two Italian traditional varieties, unveiling a pool of unique candidate genes never so far exploited in breeding for improved fruit quality.
Efficacy and safety analysis of hypofractionated and conventional fractionated radiotherapy in postoperative breast cancer patients
Authors: Lu Yongkai , Hui Beina , Yang Di , Li Yi , Li Binglin , Zhou Luping , Xu Lei , Tang Fengwen , Wang Wei , Chen Ruijuan , Zhao Dongli 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives
In this meta-analysis, we conducted a comparative analysis of the safety and efficacy of hypofractionated and conventional fractionated radiotherapy in individuals who had undergone surgery for breast cancer.

Methods
This study involved a systematic and independent review of relevant research articles published in reputable databases such as PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Two investigators conducted the review, which included studies published up to January 3, 2023. The quality of the eligible studies was evaluated and data were extracted using Review Manager software 5.4 (RevMan 5.4) to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
The analysis comprised 35 studies and encompassed a collective sample of 18,246 individuals diagnosed with breast cancer. We did not find a statistically significant disparity in efficacy between conventional fractionated (CF) radiotherapy and hypofractionated (HF) radiotherapy regarding local recurrence (LR; OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.76–1.09, P = 0.30), disease-free survival (DFS; OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.01–1.42, P = 0.03), and overall survival (OS; OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.93–1.26, P = 0.28). Concerning safety, there was no significant difference between the HF and CF regimens in terms of breast pain, breast atrophy, lymphedema, pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis, telangiectasia, and cardiotoxicity. However, the HF regimen resulted in lower skin toxicity (OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.33—0.55, P < 0.01) and improved patient fatigue outcomes (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.60 – 0.88, P < 0.01).

Conclusions
Although there is no substantial difference in LR, DFS, OS, or many other side effects between the HF and CF regimens, the HF regimen reduces skin toxicity and relieves patient fatigue. If these two issues need to be addressed in clinical situations, the HF regimen may be a superior alternative to conventional radiotherapy in postoperative breast cancer patients.
Exploring self-care and cervical cancer prevention attitudes and practices among Moroccan and Pakistani immigrant women in Catalonia, Spain: a comparative qualitative study
Authors: Lurgain Jone G. , Ouaarab-Essadek Hakima , Mellouki Khadija , Malik-Hameed Sumaira , Sharif Andleeb , Brotons Maria , Bruni Laia , Peremiquel-Trillas Paula 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Self-care and preventive health strategies may trigger health inequities when individuals’ cultural values and health beliefs are not fully understood and considered. In the case of cervical cancer (CC) screening programs immigrant women have shown lower attendance compared with native women, which increases the risk of late diagnosis and, consequently, a lower probability of survival. HPV self-sampling for CC screening has been recently added to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) list of self-care interventions as a promising tool to reduce this disparity and improve screening coverage. In Catalonia, Spain, the introduction of HPV self-sampling as a part of the new population-based CC screening program, is a significant step. However, there is a lack of research addressing self-care and prevention among immigrant populations in this region. This study aims to fill this gap exploring self-care and prevention attitudes and practices among Moroccan and Pakistani women.

Methods
We conducted focus groups and individual interviews with 36 Moroccan and 37 Pakistani women in Barcelona, Spain. The topic guide of the focus groups included case vignettes to stimulate the discussion and a semi-structured questionnaire was used for the interviews.

Results
Our findings show that most Moroccan and Pakistani women do not prioritize self-care and prevention. They seek care for symptom treatment rather than disease prevention. In this sense, they reported not having the habit of doing regular check-ups and their self-care and prevention attitudes and practices seemed to be conditioned by cultural values. The implementation of an effective call and recall system could enhance the engagement of these populations with CC screening services.

Conclusion
This study provides evidence on how universal concepts of self-care and prevention may not aligned with more collectivist societies, emphasizing the limited applicability and motivation of global self-care interventions guidelines for individuals with different cultural backgrounds and values. Therefore, the successful implementation of CC screening programs or any other self-care intervention requires the adoption of culturally appropriate strategies.
Number of children ever-born and its associated factors among currently married Ethiopian women: evidence from the 2019 EMDHS using negative binomial regression
Authors: Gebre Mamo Nigatu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Ethiopia’s population is growing at about 2.7% annually with a fertility rate of 4.1 births per woman. However, as per the knowledge of the researcher, not enough studies have been done in Ethiopia to identify factors associated with women’s fertility levels.

Objective
To assess the number of children ever born and its associated factors among currently married reproductive-age Ethiopian women.

Method
Data of 5613 currently married women were extracted from the 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey (EMDHS). Stata version 14 was used for data extraction, processing, and analysis. Descriptive data were summarized using descriptive statistics. A multivariable negative binomial regression was used for the inferential analysis. Incidence rate ratio (IRR) and its 95% CI were respectively used to measure the associations and their statistical significance.

Result
The median number of children ever born per currently married Ethiopian woman was 3 with an iterquarter range of 4 (1–5) children. Age of a woman at her first birth (aIRR = 0.958, 95% CI: 0.954, 0.961), being protestant (aIRR = 1.128, 95%CI: 1.068, 1.193), being Muslim (aIRR = 1.096, 95% CI: 1.043, 1.151), and being from other religious groups than Orthodox Christianity (aIRR = 1.353, 95% CI: 1.036, 1.766) are positively associated with bearing more children. On the other hands, completing primary education (aIRR = 0.664, 95% CI: 0.640,0.689), secondary education(aIRR = 0.541, 95%CI: 0.504,0.582), higher education(aIRR = 0.527, 95%CI: 0.479, 0.580), being from a richest household(aIRR = 0.899, 95%CI: 0.840, 0.962), using modern contraceptive (aIRR = 0.877, 95%CI: 0.847, 0.908), living in the Afar (aIRR = 0.785, 95%CI: 0.718,0.859), Amhara (aIRR = 0.890, 95%CI: 0.718,0.859), Gambella (aIRR = 0.894, 95%CI: 0.820,0.974), and Addid Ababa(0.845, 95%CI: 0.760,0.939) are negatively associated with bearing more children.

Conclusion
Promoting women’s empowerment, encouraging women’s academic advancement, and community-based educational intervention are recommended to have optimal and decreased numbers of children.
A reliable diabetic retinopathy grading via transfer learning and ensemble learning with quadratic weighted kappa metric
Authors: Chilukoti Sai Venkatesh , Shan Liqun , Tida Vijay Srinivas , Maida Anthony S. , Hei Xiali 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe most common eye infection in people with diabetes is diabetic retinopathy (DR). It might cause blurred vision or even total blindness. Therefore, it is essential to promote early detection to prevent or alleviate the impact of DR. However, due to the possibility that symptoms may not be noticeable in the early stages of DR, it is difficult for doctors to identify them. Therefore, numerous predictive models based on machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have been developed to determine all stages of DR. However, existing DR classification models cannot classify every DR stage or use a computationally heavy approach. Common metrics such as accuracy, F1 score, precision, recall, and AUC-ROC score are not reliable for assessing DR grading. This is because they do not account for two key factors: the severity of the discrepancy between the assigned and predicted grades and the ordered nature of the DR grading scale. This research proposes computationally efficient ensemble methods for the classification of DR. These methods leverage pre-trained model weights, reducing training time and resource requirements. In addition, data augmentation techniques are used to address data limitations, improve features, and improve generalization. This combination offers a promising approach for accurate and robust DR grading. In particular, we take advantage of transfer learning using models trained on DR data and employ CLAHE for image enhancement and Gaussian blur for noise reduction. We propose a three-layer classifier that incorporates dropout and ReLU activation. This design aims to minimize overfitting while effectively extracting features and assigning DR grades. We prioritize the Quadratic Weighted Kappa (QWK) metric due to its sensitivity to label discrepancies, which is crucial for an accurate diagnosis of DR. This combined approach achieves state-of-the-art QWK scores (0.901, 0.967 and 0.944) in the Eyepacs, Aptos, and Messidor datasets.
Is it time for China to prioritize pan-genotypic regimens for treating patients with hepatitis C?
Authors: Tu Yusi , Tang Xiangyan , Zhou Dachuang , Shao Hanqiao , Liang Leyi , Tang Wenxi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The treatment of hepatitis C has entered the pan-genotypic era, but the effectiveness is not good for the genotype 3b patients who have a large proportion in China. The guidelines for hepatitis C recommend the use of gene-specific regimens when the regional 3b prevalence rate greater than 5%. This study is to explore rationality of this proportion and the cost-effectiveness to implement pan-genotypic regimens in China.

Methods
A decision Markov model was developed from the health system perspective to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness between pan-genotypic and gene-specific treatment regimens for hepatitis C patients. Additionally, we set a regional genotype 3b patient proportion of 0–100% to explore at which proportion it is necessary to perform genotype identification and typing therapy on patients. Model parameters were derived from published literature and public databases. Effectiveness was measured by cured patient numbers, newly diagnosed cases of decompensated cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, need for liver transplantation, and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Cost-effectiveness outcomes included costs and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). The 1–3 times 2022 Chinese per capita gross domestic product was used as the willingness-to-pay threshold. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the uncertainty of the model parameters.

Results
Compared with gene-specific regimens, pan-genotypic regimens resulted in an additional 0.13 QALYs and an incremental cost of $165, the ICER was $1,268/QALY. From the view of efficacy, the pan-genotypic regimens cured 5,868 more people per 100,000 patients than gene-specific regimens, avoiding 86.5% of DC cases, 64.6% of HCC cases, and 78.2% of liver transplant needs. Identifying 3b patients before treatment was definitely cost-effectiveness when their prevalence was 12% or higher. The results remained robust in sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions
In China, the prioritized recommendation of pan-genotypic therapeutics proves to be both cost-effective and efficacious. But, in regions where the prevalence of genotype 3b exceeds 12%, it is necessary to identify them to provision of more suitable therapies.
Bedside zero-fluoroscopy temporary permanent pacemaker implantation in the electrical storm treatment under the guidance of EnSite 3D system: a case report
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Pengfei , li Jun , Xi Jicheng , Zhang Zhibiao , Yan Fang , Zhang Yanan , Wang Haixiong , Han Huiyuan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Electrical storm (ES) is a clinical emergency characterized by multiple malignant ventricular arrhythmias or ICD discharges within 24 h, requiring early rational management.

Case presentation
We report a 55-year-old man who underwent aortic valve replacement experienced recurrent ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation. A temporary permanent pacemaker with the EnSite system was implanted, and significant inhibition of the electrical storm, attributed to the atrial overdrive pacing, ensued.

Conclusions
In emergency regarding an electrical storm, the bedside temporary permanent pacemaker implantation with the EnSite system is concluded to be feasible and safe.
A note on Lototsky–Bernstein bases
Authors: Xu Xiao-Wei , Yu Xin , Cui Jia-Lin , Cai Qing-Bo , Cheng Wen-Tao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this note, we study some approximation properties on a class of special Lototsky–Bernstein bases. We focus on approximation of $|x|$
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Exploring entrepreneurial intentions and motivations: a comparative analysis of opportunity-driven and necessity-driven entrepreneurs
Authors: Batz Liñeiro Aglaya , Romero Ochoa Jhon Alexander , Montes de la Barrera Jose 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of entrepreneurial attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral controls on entrepreneurial intention among two distinct groups of entrepreneurs: opportunity-driven and necessity-driven. It also explores the relationship between entrepreneurial motivations, intentions, and the number of ventures undertaken by entrepreneurs. Structural equation modeling and survey data from 201 necessity-driven entrepreneurs and 204 opportunity-driven entrepreneurs were utilized. Drawing on the Theory of Planned Behavior, the findings indicate that attitudes do not positively correlate with entrepreneurial intention for both types of entrepreneurs. Subjective norms significantly influence entrepreneurial intention among entrepreneurs by necessity but not among entrepreneurs by opportunity. Perceived behavioral controls exhibit a partial correlation with entrepreneurial intention, which is not significant for entrepreneurs by opportunity. Both motivations and entrepreneurial intention positively relate to the number of ventures undertaken by entrepreneurs by necessity, whereas motivations alone determine venture creation among entrepreneurs by opportunity. Furthermore, a significant correlation exists between being a female entrepreneur by necessity and entrepreneurial intention, while this relationship is not significant for women entrepreneurs by opportunity. These insights contribute to the literature on entrepreneurial intention and carry important policy and managerial implications in developing countries.