bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of the expansion of integrated maternal‐fetal intensive care centers on high‐risk newborns in Korea
Authors: Jang Ye Seul , Jang Sung‐In , Park Eun‐Cheol 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the impact of the introduction of Integrated Maternal‐Fetal Intensive Care Unit (MFICU) reimbursement rates for high‐risk newborns in South Korea.MethodThe present study used data from the Population Dynamics data released annually by Statistics Korea, which contain information on all births in the country from October 1, 2015, to September 31, 2019. The MFICU reimbursement fee began on October 1, 2017, and the follow‐up period was 24 months before and after the intervention. The dependent variable was defined as either premature births (before 37 weeks of pregnancy) or underweight births (birth weight ≤2.5 kg). A total of 1 377 841 infants were included in the present study, and an Interrupted Time Series with segmented regression analysis was performed.ResultsAfter the intervention, the premature or low‐birth‐weight deliveries decreased by approximately 0.4%. The difference in the level change was more significant in legitimate children and multiple births. Premature neonates showed a significantly different level of change compared with low‐birth‐weight neonates.ConclusionThe expansion of the MFICU reduces high‐risk births, such as premature births and those involving low birth weight. To effectively care for high‐risk deliveries, the enhancement of obstetric care and continuous medical support policies must be maintained.
Celecoxib Enhances Oxidative Muscle Fibre Formation and Improves Muscle Functions Through Prokr1 Activation in Mice
Authors: Park Jeong Hwan , Mok Jongsoo , Park Seoah , Kim Dooho , Kang Min‐Su , Park Tae Sub , Park Joonghoon 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMuscle diseases are serious challenges to human health. Prokineticin receptor 1 (PROKR1) has emerged as a potential target to improve muscle function through increasing oxidative muscle fibres, but there are no clinically applicable synthetic PROKR1 agonists.MethodsDrugs with biological properties of prokineticin 2 (PK2) were discovered through connectivity map (CMap) analysis. Their effects on PROKR1 were evaluated using molecular docking, PROKR1 signalling and competitive binding assays. Pregnant dams were fed diets containing varying celecoxib concentrations (0, 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm) from gestation day 5 through weaning. Offspring were given high‐fat diets (HFD) from weaning until 20 weeks old, and body composition, insulin resistance, energy expenditure, exercise performance and histological analysis of muscle tissues were evaluated.ResultsCelecoxib, with a connectivity score of 64.19 to PK2 and a docking score of −9.0 to PROKR1, selectively activated Gs signalling at 4 μM of EC50 and increased NR4A2 protein levels by 1.6‐fold (p < 0.01) in PROKR1‐overexpressing cells. It competitively inhibited PK2 binding to PROKR1 and reduced cAMP accumulation. In murine and human myotubes, celecoxib increased Prokr1 protein levels by 1.8‐fold (p < 0.05), pCreb by 1.5‐fold (p < 0.05) and Nr4a2 by 1.3‐fold (p < 0.05). It also elevated Myh7 index by 2.2‐fold (p < 0.0001), mitochondrial content by 1.6‐fold (p < 0.001) and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) activity by 4.1‐fold (p < 0.05). Offspring exposed to celecoxib during pre‐ and postnatal muscle development exhibited activated Prokr1 signalling, enhanced oxidative muscle fibre formation and improved muscle phenotype despite HFD. At weaning, both male and female offspring showed dose‐dependent increases in lean mass (> 9.35%, p < 0.001) and grip strength (< 18.0%, p < 0.01). At 12 weeks old, mice displayed a dose‐dependent decrease in weight loss (> 13.3%, p < 0.05), increased lean mass (> 16.2%, p < 0.05), improved insulin resistance (> 70.4%, p < 0.0001), energy expenditure (> 173%, p < 0.0001) and grip strength (> 23.5%, p < 0.001). Celecoxib also increased Myh7‐positive muscle fibre composition (> 10.8%, p < 0.05) and mitochondrial mass (> 32.8%, p < 0.05) in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles, accompanied by significant Prokr1 signalling activation. These effects persisted in both male and female mice at 20 weeks old.ConclusionsCelecoxib shows promise as a PROKR1 agonist and clinically applicable exercise mimetic for the treatment of muscular disorders.
Defective Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Accelerates Skeletal Muscle Aging by Impairing Autophagy/Myogenesis
Authors: Chen Ziyi , Xu Jiankun , Hu Peijie , Du Wanting , Chen Junjiang , Zhang Xiaotian , Zhou Wei , Gao Jiayang , Zhang Yuantao , Dai Bingyang , Nie Guangshuai , Hu Jun , Zhou Liangbin , Xu Shunxiang , Chan Hisao Chang , Cheung Wing‐hoi , Ruan Ye Chun , Qin Ling 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundRegenerative capacity of skeletal muscles decreases with age. Deficiency in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is associated with skeletal muscle weakness as well as epithelial cell senescence. However, whether and how CFTR plays a role in skeletal muscle regeneration and aging were unclear.MethodsVastus lateralis biopsy samples from male and female human subjects (n = 23) of 7‐ to 86‐year‐old and gastrocnemii tissues from mice of 4‐ to 29‐month‐old were examined for CFTR expression. Skeletal muscle tissues or cultured myoblasts from mice carrying CFTR mutation (DF508) at 4‐ to 18‐month‐old were used for assessment of muscle mass, contractile force and regenerative capacity as well as myogenic and autophagy signalling. Overexpression of LC3‐β, an autophagy mediator, was conducted to reverse myogenic defects in DF508 myoblasts. Adenoviruses containing CFTR gene or pharmaceuticals that enhance CFTR (VX809) were locally injected into the gastrocnemius or femoris quadricep to rescue age‐related skeletal muscle defects in mice.ResultsmRNA levels of CFTR in human vastus lateralis exhibited significantly negative correlations with age (r = −0.87 in males and −0.62 in females, p < 0.05). Gastrocnemius mRNA level of CFTR decreased by 77.7 ± 4.6% in 29‐month‐old wild‐type mice compared to the 4‐month‐old. At 18‐month‐old, DF508 mice showed significantly reduced lean mass (by 35.6%), lower specific twitch force of the gastrocnemius (by 46.2%), decrease in fast/slow‐twitch muscle isoform ratio as well as downregulation of myogenic (e.g., MYOD and MYOG) or autophagy/mitophagy (e.g., LC3‐β) genes, compared to age‐matched wild‐types. Post‐injury gastrocnemius regeneration was found impaired in DF508 mice. Myoblast cultures from DF508 mice showed defective myogenic differentiation, which was reversed by overexpressing LC3‐β. In aged (> 15‐month‐old) mice, overexpressing CFTR or VX809 restored the expression of autophagy or myogenic genes, increased mitochondrial LC3‐β level and improved skeletal muscle mass and function.ConclusionAge‐related reduction in skeletal muscle expression of CFTR impairs autophagy and myogenesis, exacerbating skeletal muscle aging. Enhancing CFTR might be a potential treatment strategy for age‐related skeletal muscle disorders.
Inhalable Nano Formulation of Cabazitaxel: A Comparative Study with Intravenous Route
Authors: Kaga Elif , Kaga Sadik , Altunbas Korhan , Okumus Nurullah 
Published: January 2025

AbstractChemotherapy is generally given by intravenous (IV) administration which provides higher bioavailability than other systemic routes. However, in the case of lung cancer, the pulmonary (INH) route is the other choice for inhalable formulations. In the study, biochemical and histological parameters of Cabazitaxel (CBZ) free (2 mg kg−1) and nanoparticle (NP) (2 mg kg−1 CBZ equivalent) formulations are investigated after IV and INH administration in rats. The nanoformulation of CBZ is obtained using PEGylated polystyrene (PEG‐PST) nanoparticles obtained by PISA. While a nose and head‐only device is used for INH administration, a jugular vein is used as the IV route. Blood samples (blank, 24 h, and 48 h) are collected via carotid artery cannulas without handling in metabolism cages. According to biochemical parameters, free CBZ formulation applied via IV or INH route shows higher systemic toxicity. On the other hand, the nanoformulation of CBZ showed no signs of toxicity in both IV or INH routes. Higher and longer retention is observed in the case of inhaled nanoformulation. Histological analysis showed higher alveolar macrophage migration for inhaled nanoformulation due to enhanced retention. Results showed that nanotechnology and the lung defense system gave the advantage to end up with an inhalable nanomedicine formulation for lung cancer.
Predicting the Price of Molecules Using Their Predicted Synthetic Pathways**
Authors: Abderrahmane Massina , Tajmouati Hamza , Ribeiro da Silva Vinicius Barros , Perron Quentin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCurrently, numerous metrics allow chemists and computational chemists to refine and filter libraries of virtual molecules in order to prioritize their synthesis. Some of the most commonly used metrics and models are QSAR models, docking scores, diverse druggability metrics, and synthetic feasibility scores to name only a few. To our knowledge, among the known metrics, a function which estimates the price of a novel virtual molecule and which takes into account the availability and price of starting materials has not been considered before in literature. Being able to make such a prediction could improve and accelerate the decision‐making process related to the cost‐of‐goods. Taking advantage of recent advances in the field of Computer Aided Synthetic Planning (CASP), we decided to investigate if the predicted retrosynthetic pathways of a given molecule and the prices of its associated starting materials could be good features to predict the price of that compound. In this work, we present a deep learning model, RetroPriceNet, that predicts the price of molecules using their predicted synthetic pathways. On a holdout test set, the model achieves better performance than the state‐of‐the‐art model. The developed approach takes into account the synthetic feasibility of molecules and the availability and prices of the starting materials.
Orbicularis Oculi Stimulated Jitter Analysis in Children With Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Natarajan Vishva , Verma Sumit 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroduction/AimsStimulated jitter analysis (stim‐JA) involves analyzing the variation in time intervals between stimulations and action potentials, expressed as the mean consecutive difference (MCD). The MCD upper limits are derived from adult populations and warrant a re‐evaluation in children to accurately diagnose neuromuscular junction (NMJ) defects.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted which analyzed orbicularis oculi stim‐JA studies performed on children between January 2014 and December 2021. The clinical profile, acetylcholine receptor (AChR), and muscle‐specific kinase (MuSK) antibody status as well as stim‐JA study results were retrieved. Bootstrapping was applied to the stim‐JA studies to derive de novo MCD upper limits.ResultsTwenty‐seven stim‐JA studies were performed on patients aged 3–19 years with either definite myasthenia gravis presentations and NMJ defects (n = 19, 17 AChR+, 2 MuSK+) or those with normal neurological examinations who were seronegative (n = 8). Four hundred ninety‐nine apparent single fiber action potentials (ASFAPs) were analyzed with the individual and mean MCD significantly higher in children with autoimmune myasthenia (p < 0.05). Bootstrapping analysis revealed that MCD upper limits of 39 μs for individual MCD and 24 μs for mean MCD significantly improved specificity (p < 0.05) while maintaining sensitivity of the test in distinguishing definite MG NMJ defect from normal NMJ function.DiscussionStim‐JA using revised upper limits may help clinicians avoid the over‐diagnosis of NMJ disorders in children. Stim‐JA is a safe and well‐tolerated method to screen for definite MG in children over 2 years.
Harnessing Social Media and NGO Collaboration for Advancing Sustainable Ecotourism Policy: A Pathway to Sustainable Tourism Development
Authors: Zada Muhammad , Khan Salman , Zada Shagufta , Dhar Bablu Kumar , Marcão Ricardo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSocial media has emerged as a powerful catalyst in promoting sustainable tourism development (STD) by raising awareness, attracting tourists, fostering community engagement, and shaping policy decisions, particularly in developing regions like Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan. However, the combined influence of social media usage, non‐governmental organization (NGO) support, and STD remains underexplored. This study, grounded in organizational learning theory, explores how social media and NGO collaboration contribute to ecotourism policy and STD in Pakistan. The socioeconomic framework in Pakistan, particularly in the KPK region, forms the background against which local dynamics shape such processes. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted, collecting data from 482 respondents in the KPK tourism sector, providing valuable insights into the region's socio‐economic context. This survey approach captures diverse stakeholder perceptions within the KPK tourism sector. The findings reveal that social media significantly influences ecotourism policy, advancing STD. Moreover, NGO support (NGS) serves as a crucial moderating factor, enhancing the role of social media in shaping effective ecotourism policies. This research offers valuable insights into leveraging social media and NGO partnerships to promote sustainable tourism practices, presenting practical implications for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers dedicated to advancing STD and environmental sustainability. In particular, this study highlights the infrastructural and technological challenges of applying social media effectively in developing countries. A unique contribution of this study is its focus on social media's role in a developing region—a context largely underrepresented in existing literature.
Institutions and the real effects of private equity buyouts: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Verbouw Jeroen , Meuleman Miguel , Manigart Sophie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractResearch SummaryThis study reviews four decades of fragmented and contradictory empirical literature on the real effects of private equity (PE) buyouts on portfolio companies, differentiating between efficiency and growth outcomes. We hypothesize how institutional forces, including regulatory, cognitive, and normative institutions explain heterogeneity in post‐buyout efficiency and growth across time and countries. We argue that competition and population‐level learning have shifted the cognitive frame underlying value creation in buyouts from financial engineering toward operational engineering and strategic entrepreneurship. Using meta‐analysis, we find support for several of our hypotheses using samples from 66 empirical studies across the finance, management, economics, and entrepreneurship disciplines.Managerial SummaryThis study delves into four decades of fragmented private equity (PE) literature to unravel the practical implications for post‐buyout efficiency and growth. Using meta‐analysis, we explore the role of institutional forces—regulatory, cognitive, and normative—in shaping outcomes across diverse temporal and geographical contexts. We observe an overall paradigm shift in PE value creation over time, transitioning from focusing on financial engineering to operational value creation and strategic entrepreneurship. This transformation is driven by heightened competition and widespread population‐level learning. Validating our hypotheses through a thorough examination of 66 empirical studies spanning finance, management, economics, and entrepreneurship disciplines, our findings offer insights for policymakers and practitioners navigating the nuanced landscape of PE buyouts.
Layer‐by‐Layer Assembly of Antibiotic‐Loaded Multilayered Coating on Polyacrylate Scaffold
Authors: Gao Jie , Du Yu‐Kun , Li Man , Che Li‐Ping , Wang Kai , Feng Lin , Cai Hao‐Yuan , Li Shuo‐Qi , Cui Lan‐Yue , Liu Cheng‐Bao , Xi Yong‐Ming 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBacteria‐related infection is a significant problem for the implant materials, which would lead to the failure of the implants. Thus, the surface functionalization for the implant with bacterial inhibition properties would be urgently needed. However, surface inertness and structure complexity are barriers to the surface modification of the 3D‐printed polymer implant. For this reason, the efficiency of antibiotic‐loaded polyelectrolyte multilayers on 3D‐printed resin is investigated. The obtained samples are characterized by various techniques. Antimicrobial test results show that a 99.9% eradication rate against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) could be achieved by antibiotic‐loaded samples. However, the cytocompatibility test shows that the samples also exhibit mild cytotoxicity due to the rapid release of gentamicin sulfate (GS); thus, further work is needed to reduce the side effects of the antibiotics.
Design and Synthesis of Alpha Glycosidase Inhibitors for 1‐Benzyl‐4‐oxa‐1,9‐diazaspiro[5.5]undecan‐2‐one as an Antidiabetic Agent
Authors: Adarasandi Ravi , Gundla Rambabu , Paidikondala Kalyani , Putta Prashanthi , Lakkoju Babi , Kolli Balakrishna 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA series of (4‐(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)‐linked 1,9‐diazaspiro[5.5]undecane derivatives were designed as α‐glucosidase inhibitors. We have synthesized new (4‐(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)‐linked 1,9‐diazaspiro derivatives for their antidiabetes properties. The newly synthesized compounds were examined for their inhibition activity against α‐glucosidase. The findings demonstrated that the novel synthesized compounds inhibited significantly against α‐glucosidase. Among them, SPO‐7 and SPO‐9 demonstrated the most potent inhibition, with IC50 values of 49.96 and 63.15 nmol, respectively. Docking studies examined the orientation, interaction, and verification of the intent compounds on the active site of α‐glucosidase. The compounds SPO‐7 and SPO‐9 exhibit the highest docking energies, with values of −10.7 and −10.6 kcal/mol, respectively. In addition, the compound SPO‐7 exhibited substantial inhibition effects at all tested concentrations and their capacity to inhibit the bacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for SPO‐7 and SPO‐11 were determined to be 0.156 mg/mL. Furthermore, computational drug‐likeness/ADME/toxicity tests were conducted on the compounds, which indicated that this compound exhibits drug‐like properties and possesses favorable ADME and toxicity profiles.
High‐Entropy Oxychalcogenide for Hydrogen Spillover Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Proton and Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers
Authors: Jo Seunghwan , Shin Ki Hoon , Kim Eunmin , Sohn Jung Inn 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe hydrogen spillover phenomenon provides an expeditious reaction pathway via hydrogen transfer from a strong H adsorption site to a weak H adsorption site, enabling a cost‐efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) analogous to platinum with moderate H adsorption energy. Here, a high‐entropy oxychalcogenide (HEOC) comprising Co, Ni, Mo, W, O, Se, and Te is prepared by a two‐step electrochemical deposition for hydrogen spillover‐enhanced HER in acidic and alkaline water electrolysis. The anodic–cathodic reversal current enables the co‐deposition of cations and aliovalent anions, facilitating a glass structure with multiple active sites for hydrogen spillover. The HEOC exhibits low overpotentials of 52 and 57 mV to obtain a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in acidic and alkaline media, respectively, and long‐term stability for 500 h. The electrochemical and analytical approaches elucidate the hydrogen transfer toward Mo/W−O sites in both acid and alkaline HERs. Meanwhile, the other sites act as hydrogen adsorption or water dissociation‐derived hydroxide adsorption sites, showing accommodable behavior in acidic and alkaline media. The HEOC exhibits a practically high current of 1 A cm−2 at cell voltages of 1.78 and 1.89 V and long‐term stability for 100 h in proton and anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers, respectively.
Enhanced water‐induced shape memory and swelling characteristics of graphene oxide‐cellulose nanofiber reinforced polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites
Authors: Thomas Lince Mathew , Sreekanth M. S 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAn efficient water‐induced shape memory polymer (SMP) has been developed by incorporating graphene oxide (GO) and cellulose nanofibers (CNF) into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix. The resulting PVA/GO‐CNF hybrid nanocomposite films at 1 wt% exhibit synergistic effect with superior water‐induced shape memory performance, with 100% shape recovery within 37 sec. Moreover, these hybrid nanocomposite films at 1 wt% demonstrate superior mechanical strength of 77.9 MPa and an improved glass transition temperature (Tg) of 61.4°C in dry conditions. The synergetic effect of GO and CNF in PVA overcomes the limitations of other PVA‐based SMPs in terms of mechanical properties, dimensional stability, and resistance to excessive swelling. Exposure to water significantly reduces Tg to 24.2°C, as confirmed by DSC analysis, which is attributed to the decrease in hydrogen bonding between PVA and 1 wt% GO‐CNF caused by the swelling and plasticizing effect of water. Consequently, the shape recovery of the PVA/1 wt% GO‐CNF occurs with a switching temperature activation due to the polymer chains' released strain energy. These findings suggest that these hybrid films hold the potential for expanding the applications of SMPs in biomedical and moisture‐responsive application such as soft robotics and smart textiles, where water serves as the primary stimulus.Highlights
PVA/1 wt% GO‐CNF hybrid film demonstrates 100% shape recovery in 37 sec.
Water immersed PVA/1 wt% GO‐CNF nanocomposites show a reduction in Tg to 24.2°C.
PVA/1 wt% GO‐CNF nanocomposite shows superior mechanical strength in dry conditions.
Shape memory behavior is due to reduction in hydrogen bonding and plasticizing effect.