bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A single-centre retrospective evaluation of potential drug-drug interactions in breast cancer patients undergoing CDK 4/6 inhibitors chemotherapy
Authors: Patil Prajakta Harish , Desai Mrunal Pradeep , Baburaj Gayathri , Rao Mahadev , Kunhikatta Vijayanarayana , Udupa Karthik , Pai Ananth , Jagadish P. C. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction The utilization of CDK4/6 inhibitors has led to compromised survival rates for breast cancer patients. Consequently, certain treatment aspects, involving adherence and drug-to-drug interactions, are gaining prominence. To develop chemotherapy regimens that are both effective and efficient, our main objective was to thoroughly characterize the drug-drug interactions that occur between cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors and concurrently prescribed medications in hospitalized breast cancer patients. Methods In the current retrospective analysis, (January 2017 to January 2023), the baseline characteristics of patients under CDK4/6 chemotherapy were collected by reviewing the patient's medical records. Utilizing drug interactions checker softwares including Micromedex® online database system, Drugs.com® interaction checker, and UpToDate Lexicomp®, the potential for drug-drug interactions was further assessed. Results In this retrospective analysis, total of 75 co-medications were prescribed along with palbociclib and ribociclib. Upon analysing all co-prescribed classes of drugs, the potential drug interactions of palbociclib and ribociclib with analgesics, acid-reducing agents, and statins occurred frequently in cancer patients. In the 21-patient cohort, 17 patients (80.95%), were found to be having prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions out of which 41.26% had major pharmacokinetic interactions, 42.85% were moderate ones, while 15.87% were pharmacodynamic interactions. Conclusion The retrospective analysis identified the potential risks associated with drug-drug interactions of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors. Potentially, the application of drug interaction detectors could facilitate additional implementation of research specially designed for interventions aimed at enhancing patient care.
How Do Personality Dysfunction and Maladaptive Personality Traits Predict Time to Premature Discontinuation of Pharmacological Treatment of ADHD?
Authors: Jacobsson Peter , Granqvist Tove , Hopwood Christopher J. , Krueger Robert F. , Söderpalm Bo , Nilsson Thomas 
Published: January 2025

Objectives: Non-adherence to medication is common in the adult ADHD clinical group. The goal of this pre-registered study was to examine whether the DSM-5 Alternative Model of Personality Disorder (AMPD), generality personality dysfunction (LPFS-BF 2.0) or maladaptive personality traits (PID-5), can predict time to premature discontinuation of pharmacological treatment beyond other known factors. Methods: A sample of 284 adult patients with ADHD (60.6% female; Mage = 32.31 years) were investigated for medication adherence from 2018 to 2023, using time-to-event analytic methods. Results: Of the sample, 54 were found to have discontinued treatment prematurely without consulting their physician. Interestingly this group was prescribed considerably lower doses before discontinuation than adhering patients. General personality dysfunction and maladaptive antagonistic personality traits are implicated in varying degrees, with the specific maladaptive personality facets Intimacy Avoidance and Deceitfulness (PID-5) significantly predicting time to premature discontinuation of ADHD medication beyond other known reasons for non-adherence. Conclusions: The broader implication is that the emerging personality pathology models hold promise to predict non-adherence in the adult ADHD population.
Development of a Navigator-Delivered Health Insurance Education Program for Hispanic and Latine Communities
Authors: Waters Austin R. , Vaca Lopez Perla L. , Rios Luis , Chevrier Amy , Guadarrama Maria , Contreras Julie , Ou Judy Y. , Slonaker Matt , Kirchhoff Anne C. 
Published: January 2025

Background Equitable access to health care services for Hispanic and Latine populations requires that systems go beyond working to increase enrollment in health insurance but also addressing health insurance literacy—the knowledge, ability, and confidence to find and use health insurance. Methods In collaboration with a local health policy organization, individual interviews were conducted with Hispanic and Latine community members. Group engagement sessions were conducted with key professionals. Interviews and engagement sessions focused on the adaptation of an existing health insurance education program (HIEP) to Spanish-speaking Hispanic and Latine individuals. An outline of the proposed HIEP content was provided prior to each interview or engagement session. Qualitative content was analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis guided by the intervention adaptation literature. Results A total of N = 20 professionals participated in an engagement session, while N = 21 community members took part in an interview. Professionals worked in both health care systems (55%) and community organizations (45%). Community members were on average 41 years of age ( SD = 13), 81% female, and 100% Hispanic or Latine. Qualitative analysis revealed that participants overwhelmingly supported the adaptation of the HIEP and approved of the proposed topics. Participants also provided recommendations to improve the intervention content and characteristics including a focus on controlling costs, tailoring to the population, ensuring accessibility of content, and specifics regarding the HIEP delivery and facilitator. Conclusions Overall participants were supportive of the proposed HIEP adaptation and provided a variety of recommendations. Health insurance literacy was perceived as an important next step to enrollment in health insurance.
Acute eculizumab treatment in a pediatric patient with AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD
Authors: Soni Ria H , Garcia Mekka , Oak Eunhye , Applbaum Eliana J , Rajagopalan Logi , Krupp Lauren B , O’Neill Kimberly A 
Published: January 2025

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune disorder that occurs in children and adults. Case: We report a case of a 10-year-old female with AQP4+ NMOSD who presented with paraparesis from longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) from C2 to the conus medullaris. The patient showed gradual improvement in strength and sensation with solumedrol and plasma exchange therapy. Given her severe presentation, eculizumab therapy was also initiated acutely. She had near complete recovery, although she developed a myelitis relapse during transition to rituximab treatment. Conclusion: This case demonstrates the role of eculizumab as a safe and effective treatment option in treating an acute attack of pediatric AQP4+ NMOSD. More data are needed to understand the risk of relapse if transitioning off of these highly effective medications.
Experiences with low-intervention clinical trials—the new category under the European Union Clinical Trials Regulation
Authors: de Jong Amos J. , Gardarsdottir Helga , Santa-Ana-Tellez Yared , de Boer Anthonius , Zuidgeest Mira GP 
Published: January 2025

Background/Aims Low-intervention clinical trials have been established under the European Union Clinical Trials Regulation (EU 536/2014) which aims to simplify the conduct of clinical trials with authorized medicinal products. There is limited experience with conducting low-intervention trials. Therefore, this study aims to report on experiences and perceived (dis)advantages of low-intervention trials. Methods We surveyed representatives of all individual clinical trials registered on the public website of the European Union Clinical Trials Information System between 31 January 2022 and 1 December 2023 that evaluated authorized investigational medicinal products and had at least one investigative site in the European Union. These representatives were approached between June 2023 and January 2024. Results We received 70 responses (response rate 21%). Of the respondents, 31 represented a trial registered as low-intervention trial, and 39 represented a trial not registered as a low-intervention trial (hereafter “regular trials”). Simplified clinical trial monitoring and an easier regulatory approval process were perceived as the main advantages of low-intervention trials, with respectively 44% and 34% of the respondents indicating this to be an advantage in low-intervention trials. However, the respondents experienced that stringent and unclear regulatory requirements impeded the conduct of low-intervention trials. Respondents involved with regular trials indicated that 39% of the regular trials met the criteria of a low-intervention trial but were not registered as such, among others due to unfamiliarity with this trial category. Conclusions We argue that the simplified procedures for low-intervention trials should be more detailed—for example in regulatory guidance—in the future to further simplify the conduct of clinical trials with authorized investigational medicinal products.
Oral supplementation with propionate is reflected in the serum of healthy individuals
Authors: Schröder Maximilian , Pasic Arijan , Hirche Frank , Rozanova Svitlana , Sgodzai Melissa , Gisevius Barbara , Horstkemper Lea , Gold Ralf , Marcus Katrin , Pitarokoili Kalliopi , Motte Jeremias , Barkovits Katalin , Stangl Gabriele , Fisse Anna Lena 
Published: January 2025

Background: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including propionic acid (PA), are key in immunological research. Supplementing PA has shown benefits for autoimmune diseases. A comprehensive understanding of the PA pharmacokinetics is essential for the optimal design and execution of studies utilizing orally administered PA. Objective: We propose two methods of measuring PA in serum, carried out by different laboratories. Design: Blood samples from 20 volunteers were collected hourly following PA supplementation. Methods: Serum propionate quantification was performed with two independent mass spectrometry-based (MS) analyses, including liquid-chromatography (LC)-MS and direct-infusion (DI)-MS. Results: PA levels increased within 1 h of ingestion of 500 mg PA. Serum concentrations ranged from 1.3 to 4.5 µmol/L, rising significantly after 1 h ( p < 0.05). Serum levels returned to baseline within 2 h. No significant differences were found regarding sex or diet. Conclusion: The shown pharmacokinetics can be used in future PA research.
Comprehensive multidisciplinary care for adult Duchenne muscular dystrophy in South Korea
Authors: Choi Won Ah , Park Hee Jae , Kang Seong-Woong , Cho Sung-Rae , Cho Han Eol 
Published: January 2025

Background With advancements in cardiorespiratory care, the lifespan of patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) has significantly increased, shifting the focus from merely extending life to enhancing quality of life and managing complications effectively. However, there is a lack of interest in the management of adult DMD, highlighting a gap in holistic care approaches for this aging population. Objective This study aims to assess the current state of care for adult DMD patients in South Korea, focusing on multidisciplinary management and identifying key areas for improvement. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 168 adult DMD patients who visited the Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center at [blinded for review] from 2022 to 2023. Demographic data, ventilatory support status, cardiac function, gastrointestinal, renal, and skeletal health were analyzed. Results Of the patients, 93.8% required non-invasive ventilatory support, while 6.2% used invasive ventilation. Cardiac medications were prescribed to 82.1% of patients, with beta-blockers being the most common. Renal dysfunction was found in 10.1% of patients, with one patient requiring dialysis. A significant portion (54.8%) were on anti-constipation medications due to gastrointestinal issues, and 41.7% of patients had undergone scoliosis correction surgery. Bone mineral density was significantly reduced in most patients, with an average Z-score of −3.3. Conclusions This study emphasizes the need for improved care protocols that enhance lifespan and quality of life and manage complications for patients with DMD. This study advocates a shift in healthcare strategies toward a more integrated and holistic care model for adult patients with DMD.
Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Gundelia tournefortii Aqueous Extract on the Liver and Kidney of PCOS Mice
Authors: Hachem Samah , Al Battal Miriam , Dakdouk Hoda , Natour Dania El , Borjac Jamilah 
Published: January 2025

Background Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder associated with increased risk of kidney and liver damage. Current treatments have shown contradictory outcomes, and their long-term use causes unwanted side effects. G. tournefortii could serve as a complementary medicine to current PCOS treatments. Purpose This study evaluates the effect of G. tournefortii in alleviating liver and kidney damage induced by PCOS via the regulation of oxidative stress pathways. Study Design PCOS was induced in female Balb/c mice using dehydroepiandrosterone over 21 days. They included a Sham group, a Vehicle group, a group treated with the extract only, and an untreated PCOS mice group. Positive Controls were treated with Metformin. The other PCOS groups were either co-treated while inducing PCOS or treated with the extract post-disease induction. Methods Histological analysis was performed. Serum liver and kidney biochemical markers, levels of oxidative stress, and two pro-inflammatory markers were measured. NLRP3 and its associated genes (caspase-1 and ASC) gene expression was assessed. Results The extract restored normal kidney and liver histology post-PCOS induction. It decreased ALT and AST levels by 50% and the oxidant marker malondialdehyde (MDA) by 65% ( P < .05). Superoxide dismutase (SOD)/catalase (CAT) activities were normalized in PCOS treated group. IL-1β/TNF-α significantly decreased (80% and 68%, respectively, P < .05) in the post-treated group. NLRP3 genes decreased in kidney tissues post-treatment with G. tournefortii extract. Conclusion G. tournefortii reduced oxidative stress by modifying the ASC/caspase-1/IL-1β signaling pathway, thus protecting livers and kidneys highlighting the herb as a potential preventative and complementary agent in mitigating PCOS associated damage.
Chronic inflammation in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 modulates gut microbiome: a review of literature on COVID-19 sequelae and gut dysbiosis
Authors: Iqbal Najeeha Talat , Khan Hana , Khalid Aqsa , Mahmood Syed Faisal , Nasir Nosheen , Khanum Iffat , de Siqueira Isadora , Van Voorhis Wes 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Long COVID or Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 is an emerging syndrome, recognized in COVID-19 patients who suffer from mild to severe illness and do not recover completely. Most studies define Long COVID, through symptoms like fatigue, brain fog, joint pain, and headache prevailing four or more weeks post-initial infection. Global variations in Long COVID presentation and symptoms make it challenging to standardize features of Long COVID. Long COVID appears to be accompanied by an auto-immune multi-faceted syndrome where the virus or viral antigen persistence causes continuous stimulation of the immune response, resulting in multi-organ immune dysregulation.

Main text
This review is focused on understanding the risk factors of Long COVID with a special emphasis on the dysregulation of the gut-brain axis. Two proposed mechanisms are discussed here. The first mechanism is related to the dysfunction of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 infection, leading to impaired mTOR pathway activation, reduced AMP secretion, and causing dysbiotic changes in the gut. Secondly, gut-brain axis dysregulation accompanied by decreased production of short-chain fatty acids, impaired enteroendocrine cell function, and increased leakiness of the gut, which favors translocation of pathogens or lipopolysaccharide in circulation causing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The altered Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis is accompanied by the reduced level of neurotransmitter, and decreased stimulation of the vagus nerve, which may cause neuroinflammation and dysregulation of serum cortisol levels. The dysbiotic microbiome in Long COVID patients is characterized by a decrease in beneficial short chain fatty acid-producing bacteria (Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus, Dorea, and Bifidobacterium) and an increase in opportunistic bacteria (Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, Enterococcus). This dysbiosis is transient and may be impacted by interventions including probiotics, and dietary supplements.

Conclusions
Further studies are required to understand the geographic variation, racial and ethnic differences in phenotypes of Long COVID, the influence of viral strains on existing and emerging phenotypes, to explore long-term effects of gut dysbiosis, and gut-brain axis dysregulation, as well as the potential role of diet and probiotics in alleviating those symptoms.
BDH1 identified by transcriptome has a negative effect on lipid metabolism in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats
Authors: Ni Mengke , Zang Saige , Wang Yihan , Qin Xiaochen , Tian Min , Xiong Tiantian , Chen Chong , Zhang Yue , Luo Jun , Li Cong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1 (BDH1) mainly participates in the regulation of milk fat synthesis and ketone body synthesis in mammary epithelial cells. In our previous study, BDH1 was identified as a key candidate gene regulating lipid metabolism in mammary glands of dairy goats by RNA-seq. This study aimed to investigate the effect of BDH1 on lipid metabolism in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats (GMECs).

Results
The results suggest that BDH1 plays a significant role in reducing triacylglycerol content and lipid droplet accumulation in GMECs (p < 0.05). Overexpression of BDH1 significantly decreased the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes (SREBF1 and GPAM) and reduced the levels of C14:0 and C17:1, while increasing FABP3 expression and C10:0 concentration (p < 0.05). Interference with BDH1 significantly increased the expression of SREBF1 and GPAM and the concentration of C14:0, C15:1, and C20:1, but significantly decreased FABP3 and C18:0 (p < 0.05). Treatment of GMECs with β-hydroxybutyric acid (R-BHBA) significantly decreased the expression of FASN, ACACA, LPL, SREBF1, FABP3, ACSL1, GPAM, DGAT1, and triacylglycerol content, while significantly increasing the expression of BDH1 (p < 0.05). Interference with BDH1 rescued the reduction of cellular TAG content and the expression of FASN, LPL, SREBF1, ACSL1, and GPAM in BHBA-treated GMECs.

Conclusion
In conclusion, BDH1 negatively regulates lipid metabolism in mammary glands of dairy goats. Furthermore, it may mitigate the inhibitory effect of R-BHBA on lipid metabolism in GMECs.

Graphical Abstract
BDH1 serves as a negative regulator of milk lipid synthesis in GMECs, and BDH1 counteracts the inhibitory effect of R-BHBA on lipid synthesis in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats.
Functional and structural connectivity of the subregions of the amygdala in ADHD children with or without ODD
Authors: Wu Zhao-Min , Wang Peng , Liu Xue-Chun , Zhou Qing-Chao , Cao Xiao-Lan , Sun Li , Liu Lu , Cao Qing-Jiu , Yang Li , Wang Yu-Feng , Qian Ying , Yang Bin-Rang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
The current study aimed to investigate the structural and functional connectivity of the subregions of the amygdala in children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) only or comorbid with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD).

Methods
A total of 354 children with ADHD-only, 161 children with ADHD and ODD (ADHD + ODD), and 100 healthy controls were enrolled. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) were filled out by caregivers. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to test group-wise differences in these behavioral measures. A subsample comprising 209 participants underwent a resting-state functional MRI scan and a diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) scan. Functional connectivity and structural connectivity were calculated using bilateral subregions of the Amygdala as seeds. Between-group voxel-wise comparisons were conducted.

Results
The ADHD + ODD group had more anxious/depressed moods, more delinquent and aggressive behaviors, more emotional control problems, and more inhibition deficits than the ADHD-only group (all P
Bonferroni−corrected < 0.05). Compared with the control and ADHD + ODD groups, the ADHD-only group displayed increased FC strength between the amygdala subregions and the left caudate, left putamen, and frontal cortex. Regarding structural connectivity (SC), the ADHD-only group demonstrated higher streamline density in the left internal capsule, corpus callosum, and the right superior corona radiata. The altered SC was associated with emotional problems in children with ADHD, while the altered FC was associated with other ADHD-related clinical features.

Conclusions
Altered structural and functional connectivity of the subregions of the amygdala in children with ADHD compared with their healthy counterparts were respectively associated with ADHD-related behavioral and emotional problems.

Clinical trial number
: not applicable.
Minimally invasive management of hidradenitis suppurativa using a 1470 nm diode laser: a step-by-step description of our technique
Authors: Brown Nana Kwame D. , Kumassah Philemon K. , Brown George D. , Brookmann Solomon , Ambe Peter C. , Agbedinu Kwabena 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The management of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) requires a multidisciplinary approach to ensure sustainable treatment results, especially in the advanced stages. Traditionally, deroofing and wide excision represented commonly employed surgical techniques. Due to the recurrent nature of HS, tissue preservation should be a relevant aspect of surgical management. The aim of this manuscript is to demonstrate the use of a diode laser for the management of different stages of HS, paying attention to tissue preservation.

Methods
This is a technical manuscript demonstrating our technique for laser–assisted management of HS. A diode laser with a wavelength of 1470 nm was used for this indication. The depth of the sinus/tract dictates the amount of energy required. Our preference is to use 8 Watts for deep lesions and 5 Watts for shallow lesions.

Results
The following 7 critical steps are important to achieve an optimal result with this technique: Drain all collections, minimize tissue damage, protect healthy skin, control risk factors, adopt a multidisciplinary approach, follow up closely, and be patient.

Conclusion
Laser-based management of hidradenitis suppurativa is a promising surgical option in the multidisciplinary treatment of this difficult pathology. The minimally invasive nature of laser surgery, especially tissue preservation, is a strong argument for the role of this technique in the management of this chronic, recurrent condition.