bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Productive Justice in the ‘Post‐Work Future’
Authors: Althorpe Caleb , Finneron‐Burns Elizabeth 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTJustice in production is concerned with ensuring the benefits and burdens of work are distributed in a way that is reflective of persons' status as moral equals. While a variety of accounts of productive justice have been offered, insufficient attention has been paid to the distribution of work's benefits and burdens in the future. In this article, after granting for the sake of argument forecasts of widespread future technological unemployment, we consider the implications this has for egalitarian requirements of productive justice. We argue that in relation to all the benefits affiliated with work, other than undertaking social contribution, the technological replacement of work is unproblematic as these benefits could in principle be attained elsewhere. But because social contribution uniquely corresponds to work (when work is understood as more than a paid job), the normative assessment of technological unemployment will turn on the value that theories of justice give to contributive activity. We then argue that despite technological replacement being plainly beneficial insofar as it relieves persons from the burdens of work, such as dangerous work or drudgery, because the nature of care work makes it less susceptible to technological replacement, egalitarian concern will require the burdens of care work to be shared equally between individuals.
Bacterial abscesses in whitespotted bamboo sharks (Chiloscyllium plagiosum) in managed care
Authors: Mason Alexandra K. , Adams Lance , Garner Michael M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSixteen whitespotted bamboo sharks (Chiloscyllium plagiosum) with histologically similar bacterial abscesses were submitted to Northwest ZooPath from nine zoo and aquarium institutions over a 17‐year period. These abscesses were characterized by inflammatory cell infiltrates and necrosis with intralesional small, Gram‐positive, acid‐fast negative, cocci bacteria. The clinical presentation, histologic findings, and culture results indicate that Enterococcus faecalis is a relatively common cause of these lesions in whitespotted bamboo sharks. This organism also provides a treatment challenge due to its inherent antibiotic‐resistant properties and ability to form biofilms, confounding the host's immune response. Enterococcus faecalis represents an important cause for abscess formation and cellulitis in captive whitespotted bamboo sharks.
Structure of Disaster Preparedness Motivation and Its Relationship with Disaster Preparedness Behaviors
Authors: Toyosawa Junko , Takehashi Hiroki , Shimai Satoshi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the motivations related to autonomous and continuous disaster preparedness from the viewpoint of self‐determination theory (SDT). Study 1 was a bottom‐up investigation to capture the structure of motivation. Four hundred people who had already engaged in preparedness answered an open‐ended question concerning the reason for their preparedness. After categorizing the descriptions, four distinct categories (personal significance, avoidance of negative affect, introjection of social norms, and other‐oriented motivation) were extracted. Study 2 developed survey items, based on the four categories extracted in Study 1 and a conceptual definition of the theory, and examined their relationships with disaster preparedness. Five hundred and sixty people answered the questions on disaster preparedness motivation (32 items), autonomous disaster preparedness (four items), household preparedness (10 items), and continuous preparedness (10 items). Factor analysis of motivation extracted four factors (personal significance and avoidance of negative affect, introjection of social norms, intimate other‐orientation, and general other‐orientation). Correlation analysis showed that all motivations were positively correlated with autonomous, household, and continuous preparedness. The results contribute to extending the scope of application of SDT and to clarifying the motivations corresponding to disaster preparedness. For future studies, strategies to promote disaster preparedness are discussed.
How many species of algae are there? A reprise. Four kingdoms, 14 phyla, 63 classes and still growing
Authors: Guiry Michael D. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo date (1 November 2023), the online database AlgaeBase has documented 50,589 species of living algae and 10,556 fossil species here referred to four kingdoms (Eubacteria, Chromista, Plantae, and Protozoa), 14 phyla, and 63 classes. The algae are the third most speciose grouping of plant‐like organisms after the flowering plants (≈382,000 species) and fungi (≈170,000 species, including lichens) but are the least well defined of all the botanical groupings. Priority is given to phyla and class names that are familiar to phycologists and that are nomenclaturally valid. The most species‐rich phylum is the Heterokontophyta to which 18 classes are referred with 21,052 living species and which is dominated by the diatoms in three classes with 18,673 species (16,427 living; 2239 fossil). The next most species‐rich phyla are the red algae (7276 living), the green algae (6851 living), the blue‐green algae (Cyanobacteria, 5723 living), the charophytes (4950 living, including the Charophyceae, 511 species living, and the Zygnematophyceae, 4335 living species), Dinoflagellata (2956 living, including the Dinophyceae, 2828 extant), and haptophytes (Haptophyta 1722 species, 517 living).
Dementia exacerbates periodontal bone loss in females
Authors: Yamada Chiaki , Ho Anny , Garcia Christopher , Oblak Adrian L. , Bissel Stephanie , Porosencova Tatiana , Porosencov Egor , Uncuta Diana , Ngala Bidii , Shepilov Dmytro , Skibo Galyna , Mascarenhas Ana Karina , Akkaoui Juliet , Lakshmana Madepalli K. , Sankar Uma , Nichols Frank , Lamb Bruce T. , Groppa Stanislav , Movila Alexandru 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeriodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease defined by the pathologic loss of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone in relation to aging. Although clinical cohort studies reported that periodontitis is significantly elevated in males compared to females, emerging evidence indicates that females with dementia are at a greater risk for periodontitis and decreased alveolar bone.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate whether dementia is a potential sex‐dependent risk factor for periodontal bone loss using an experimental model of periodontitis induced in the triple transgenic (3x‐Tg) dementia‐like mice and clinical samples collected from senior 65 plus age patients with diagnosed dementia.Materials and MethodsWe induced periodontitis in dementia‐like triple‐transgenic (3x‐Tg) male and female mice and age‐matched wild‐type (WT) control mice by ligature placement. Then, alveolar bone loss and osteoclast activity were evaluated using micro‐CT and in situ imaging assays. In addition, we performed dental examinations on patients with diagnosed dementia. Finally, dementia‐associated Aβ42 and p‐Tau (T181) and osteoclastogenic receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‐Β ligand (RANKL) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) collected from mice and clinical samples were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsAlveolar bone loss and in situ osteoclast activity were significantly elevated in periodontal lesions of 3x‐Tg females but not males, compared to wild‐type control mice. In addition, we also observed that the probing pocket depth (PPD) was also significantly elevated in female patients with dementia. Using ELISA assay, we observed that females had elevated levels of osteoclastogenic RANKL and dementia‐associated Aβ42 and p‐Tau (T181) in the GCF collected from experimental periodontitis lesions and clinical samples.ConclusionAltogether, we demonstrate that females with dementia have an increased risk for periodontal bone loss compared to males.
Independent biodiversity mechanisms regulate ecosystem multifunctionality and its temporal stability under resource enrichment in a mown grassland
Authors: Xu Fengwei , Li Jianjun , Wu Liji , Su Jishuai , Zhu Biao , Wang Yang , Chen Dima , Bai Yongfei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractQuestionsAlthough the relationships between biodiversity and individual ecosystem functions under resource enrichment have been extensively studied, there is limited understanding of how resource‐induced changes affect ecosystem multifunctionality and its temporal stability, along with the underlying biological mechanisms.LocationInner Mongolia, China.MethodsWe investigated the impact of biodiversity mechanisms on ecosystem multifunctionality and its temporal stability through a 3‐year field experiment. This experiment involved augmenting growing season precipitation and nitrogen deposition, conducted in a typical steppe ecosystem of Inner Mongolia alongside regular mowing.ResultsOur findings revealed that the addition of water (W) and nitrogen (N) had varying effects on ecosystem multifunctionality and its temporal stability. The combination of N and W additions enhanced ecosystem multifunctionality, whereas both W and N + W additions promoted the temporal stability of ecosystem multifunctionality. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that the community‐weighted mean height, in response to nitrogen addition, played a key role in enhancing ecosystem multifunctionality. By contrast, increased species asynchrony because of water addition and greater functional diversity in terms of leaf area contributed to heightened temporal stability of ecosystem multifunctionality. Furthermore, the positive effects of community‐weighted mean height on ecosystem multifunctionality exhibited a gradual increase with rising threshold levels.ConclusionsOur study provides the first evidence of the independent effects of selection, exemplified by community‐weighted mean and complementarity, represented by factors such as species richness, functional diversity and species asynchrony on both ecosystem multifunctionality and its temporal stability. This underscores how global change factors can directly influence ecosystem multifunctionality and its temporal stability while also indirectly modulating biodiversity effects in the short term. Overall, our findings underscore the vital role of biodiversity conservation in enhancing grassland management and the delivery of ecosystem services in the context of global change, particularly in regions subject to extensive mowing.
Association of adverse childhood experiences with irritable bowel syndrome in Mexican adults: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Priego‐Parra Bryan Adrian , Triana‐Romero Arturo , Lajud‐Barquín Francisco Antonio , de Fátima Higuera‐DelaTijera María , Martínez‐Vázquez Sophia Eugenia , Salgado‐Álvarez Giovanni Alejandro , García‐Mora Uriel , Cruz‐Márquez Miguel Ángel , Cano‐Contreras Ana Delfina , Cid Héctor‐Vivanco , Remes‐Troche José María 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to the development of gastrointestinal disorders during adulthood, but there is limited research on the prevalence of ACEs in Latin American populations. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and impact of ACEs on Mexican adults with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, we recruited 290 Mexican adults (aged 18–65), including 90 individuals with IBS and 200 healthy controls. All participants completed four self‐reported questionnaires: The Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACEs), Visceral Sensitivity Index, Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptom Severity Scale, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Statistical analyses included mean differences using either the Student's t‐test or the Wilcoxon test, correlations assessed with Spearman's correlation coefficient, and logistic regression models. Statistical significance was defined as a p‐value less than 0.05.Key ResultsAmong IBS subjects, the prevalence of ACEs was 80%, significantly higher than the 59% prevalence observed in controls (p < 0.0001). Individuals with ACEs exhibited elevated levels of anxiety and depression. Seventy‐five percent of IBS subjects with severe symptoms reported four or more ACEs. The presence of four or more ACEs was found to be associated with an increased risk of IBS.Conclusions and InferencesACEs are notably prevalent among Mexican individuals with IBS and are positively correlated with the severity of gastrointestinal pain. These findings underscore the critical significance of evaluating and addressing ACEs in the comprehensive management of IBS within Latin American populations.
Will trees or grasses profit from changing rainfall regimes in savannas?
Authors: Wigley Benjamin J. , Coetsee Corli , February Edmund C. , Dobelmann Svenja , Higgins Steven I. 
Published: January 2024

Summary

Increasing rainfall variability is widely expected under future climate change scenarios. How will savanna trees and grasses be affected by growing season dry spells and altered seasonality and how tightly coupled are tree–grass phenologies with rainfall?

We measured tree and grass responses to growing season dry spells and dry season rainfall. We also tested whether the phenologies of 17 deciduous woody species and the Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index of grasses were related to rainfall between 2019 and 2023.

Tree and grass growth was significantly reduced during growing season dry spells. Tree growth was strongly related to growing season soil water potentials and limited to the wet season. Grasses can rapidly recover after growing season dry spells and grass evapotranspiration was significantly related to soil water potentials in both the wet and dry seasons. Tree leaf flushing commenced before the rainfall onset date with little subsequent leaf flushing. Grasses grew when moisture became available regardless of season.

Our findings suggest that increased dry spell length and frequency in the growing season may slow down tree growth in some savannas, which together with longer growing seasons may allow grasses an advantage over C3 plants that are advantaged by rising CO2 levels.
We love, they hate: Emotions in affective polarization and how partisans may use them
Authors: Versteegen Peter Luca 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhat emotions do affectively polarized individuals report, and how? While affect is a broad term, research suggests that different emotions predict distinct political behaviors. Therefore, it is vital to understand what emotions partisans report. However, as research on motivated reasoning suggests that people process information consistent with their partisan mind, I argue that they may not necessarily report the emotions they feel. Instead, they may ascribe normatively desirable emotions to their ingroup and normatively undesirable emotions to opposing outgroups. Doing so makes their ingroup distinct from and superior to outgroups. This article develops and showcases this argument. I analyze data in which affective polarization was likely high—interviews with radical‐right voters conducted before a major election—to illustrate what emotions partisans report and how. The discussion invites future research to test how affective polarization correlates with single emotions and whether partisans strengthen polarization by how they talk about emotions.
Biological processes and factors involved in soft and hard tissue healing
Authors: Bartold Mark , Ivanovski Saso 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWound healing is a complex and iterative process involving myriad cellular and biologic processes that are highly regulated to allow satisfactory repair and regeneration of damaged tissues. This review is intended to be an introductory chapter in a volume focusing on the use of platelet concentrates for tissue regeneration. In order to fully appreciate the clinical utility of these preparations, a sound understanding of the processes and factors involved in soft and hard tissue healing. This encompasses an appreciation of the cellular and biological mediators of both soft and hard tissues in general as well as specific consideration of the periodontal tissues. In light of good advances in this basic knowledge, there have been improvements in clinical strategies and therapeutic management of wound repair and regeneration. The use of platelet concentrates for tissue regeneration offers one such strategy and is based on the principles of cellular and biologic principles of wound repair discussed in this review.
The stimulus‐driven and representation‐driven cross‐modal attentional spreading are both modulated by audiovisual temporal synchrony
Authors: Zhao Song , Ma Fangfang , Xie Jimei , Zhou Yuxin , Feng Chengzhi , Feng Wenfeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMultisensory integration and attention can interact in a way that attention to the visual constituent of a multisensory object results in an attentional spreading to its ignored auditory constituent, which can be either stimulus‐driven or representation‐driven depending on whether the object's visual constituent receives extra representation‐based selective attention. Previous research using simple unrelated audiovisual combinations has shown that the stimulus‐driven attentional spreading is contingent on audiovisual temporal simultaneity. However, little is known about whether this temporal constraint applies also to the representation‐driven attentional spreading, and whether it holds for the stimulus‐driven process elicited by real‐life multisensory objects. The current event‐related potential study investigated these questions by systematically manipulating the visual‐to‐auditory stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA: 0/100/300 ms) in an object‐selective visual recognition task wherein the representation‐driven and stimulus‐driven spreading processes, measured as two distinct auditory negative difference (Nd) components, could be isolated independently. Our results showed that both the representation‐driven and stimulus‐driven Nds decreased as the SOA increased. Interestingly, the representation‐driven Nd was completely absent, whereas the stimulus‐driven Nd was still robust, when the auditory constituents were delayed by 300 ms. These findings not only indicate that the role of audiovisual simultaneity in the representation‐driven attentional spreading has been underestimated, but also suggest that learned associations between the unisensory constituents of real‐life objects render the stimulus‐driven attentional spreading more tolerant of audiovisual asynchrony.
The role of hormones in ILC2‐driven allergic airway inflammation
Authors: Dai Zhongling , Gong Zhande , Wang Cui , Long WeiXiang , Liu Duo , Zhang Haijun , Lei Aihua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGroup 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are a type of innate immune cells that produce a large amount of IL‐5 and IL‐13 and two cytokines that are crucial for various processes such as allergic airway inflammation, tissue repair and tissue homeostasis. It is known that damaged epithelial‐derived alarmins, such as IL‐33, IL‐25 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), are the predominant ILC2 activators that mediate the production of type 2 cytokines. In recent years, abundant studies have found that many factors can regulate ILC2 development and function. Hormones synthesized by the body's endocrine glands or cells play an important role in immune response. Notably, ILC2s express hormone receptors and their proliferation and function can be modulated by multiple hormones during allergic airway inflammation. Here, we summarize the effects of multiple hormones on ILC2‐driven allergic airway inflammation and discuss the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic significance.
Incidence of formation of anti‐D between patients with and without a history of solid organ transplant
Authors: Wali Junaid Ahmad , Abdelmonem Mohamed , Nguyen AnhThu , Shan Hua , Pandey Suchitra , Yunce Muharrem 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesSolid organ transplant surgeries including liver transplants constitute a substantial risk of bleeding complications and given frequent national blood shortages, supporting D‐negative transplant recipients with D‐negative red blood cell products perioperatively can be difficult for the transfusion services. This study was designed to compare the incidence of alloimmunization after D‐mismatched red cell transfusions between patients with and without a history of solid organ transplant at a single tertiary care hospital. The patients undergoing solid organ transplants are on strong immunosuppressive regimens perioperatively to help reduce the risk of rejection. We hypothesized that the use of these immunosuppressive agents makes these patients very less likely to mount an immune response and form anti‐D antibodies when exposed to the D‐positive red blood cell products perioperatively.Study Design and MethodsAt our center, D‐negative patients who received ≥1 unit of D‐positive red blood cell products were identified using historical transfusion records. Antibody testing results were examined to determine the incidence of the formation of anti‐D and any other red cell alloantibodies after transfusion and these results were compared between patients with and without a history of solid organ transplant.ResultsWe were able to identify a total of 22 patients over 10 years with D‐negative phenotype who had undergone a solid organ transplant and had received D‐positive red blood cell products during the transplant surgeries. We also identified a second group of 54 patients with D‐negative phenotype who had received D‐positive red blood cell products for other indications including medical and surgical.A comparison of the data showed no new anti‐D formation among patients with a history of D mismatched transfusion during solid organ transplant surgeries.ConclusionAmong our limited study population, we observed a very low likelihood of D alloimmunization among solid organ transplant recipients. A larger, prospective study could help further evaluate the need for prophylactic D matching for red cell transfusions during solid organ transplant surgeries.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF BATTERY TEMPERATURE UNDER CONSTANT DISCHARGE RATE
Authors: Fahruddin A. , Che Daud Zul Hilmi , Asus Zainab , Mazali Izhari Izmi 
Published: January 2024

This research is about an experimental study of battery temperature under constant discharge rate. This study consider constant discharge rates, constant air velocities, gap between battery cells in the battery module and placement of Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) sensors to achieve the objective of this experiment studies. The relationship of temperature and discharge rates for different point on battery cell surface is compared. The Lithium-ion battery cells are discharged with a constant discharge current in this experiment. The heat generation on the battery surface as a function of discharge time are linked to the LabVIEW software. An axial fan creates constant air velocities that help in removing heat away from battery module during discharge process. The factors that are considered in this experiment are the discharging rate, air velocities and the thermal behaviour of the Lithium-ion battery cell on various point across the battery surface.