bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti‐p200‐Pemphigoid – Eine neue blasenbildende Autoimmundermatose
Authors: Shimanovich Iakov , Rose Christian , Hirako Yoshiaki , Butt‐Dörje Elke , Zillikens Detlef 
Published: January 2004

ZusammenfassungDas Anti‐p200‐Pemphigoid ist eine neue Autoimmunerkrankung der Haut, die klinisch durch pralle Blasen und histopathologisch durch eine subepidermale Spaltbildung mit einer überwiegend neutrophilen Infiltration der dermo‐epidermalen Junktionszone (DEJ) gekennzeichnet ist. Die direkte Immunfluoreszenz periläsionaler Hautbiopsien zeigt lineare Ablagerungen von IgG und C3 entlang der DEJ, während sich mittels indirekter Immunfluoreszenz zirkulierende IgG‐Antikörper gegen die dermale Seite NaCl‐gespaltener normaler Haut nachweisen lassen. Das Zielantigen der Autoantikörper ist ein 200 kD schweres Protein (p200) der unteren Lamina lucida, welches im Immunoblot mit Extrakten humaner Dermis erkannt wird. Die genaue Identität von p200, das offensichtlich eine wichtige Funktion für die Zell‐Matrix‐Adhäsion hat, ist noch unklar. Die bisherigen Untersuchungen konnten dieses Autoantigen jedoch von BP180, BP230, Laminin 1, 5 und 6, α6β4‐Integrin und Typ‐VII‐Kollagen abgrenzen. Die biochemische Charakterisierung von p200 zeigte, daß es sich hierbei um ein nichtkollagenes, N‐glykosiliertes, saueres Protein mit einem isoelektrischen Punkt von ca. 5,5 handelt. Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt einen Überblick zu Pathogenese, Klinik, Diagnostik und Therapie dieser neuen Autoimmundermatose.
Low dose isotretinoin combined with tretinoin is effective to correct abnormalities of acne
Authors: Plewig Gerd , Dressel Heidrun , Pfleger Maike , Michelsen Silke , Kligman Albert M. 
Published: January 2004

Zusammenfassung/Summary Background: Isotretinoin is well known in the therapy of acne papulopustulosa and acne conglobata. No study has investigated the pathophysiological changes of the skin of acne patients, especially when low dose oral isotretinoin is given in combination with topical tretinoin. Patients and methods: 28 patients were treated for 6 months with oral isotretinoin. In the acne conglobata group (A – C) patients were treated with 10 mg (Group A) or 20 mg isotretinoin (Groups B, C) in combination with topical 0.05 % tretinoin cream. Group C was treated the first 2 weeks with 0.05 % betamethasone valerate cream instead of tretinoin cream. In the acne papulopustulosa group, the patients received 0.5 mg isotretinoin/kg bodyweight and 0.05 % tretinoin cream, either alone (Group E), or with oral methylprednisolone during induction (Group D). Results: Acne conglobata – A reduction of inflammatory lesion by 87 – 94 % and of non‐inflammatory lesions by 81 – 88 % was achieved (Groups A – C). A reduction of sebaceous gland size by 35 – 58 %, sebum production by 90 – 95 %, follicular keratinization by 55 – 70 % and Propionibacteria by 33 – 73 % was seen (Groups B and C better than Group A). In Group A the amount of lipids was only reduced by 6 %, in Group B by 35 % and in Group C by 40 %.Acne papulopustulosa – Sebum excretion rate and follicular keratinization were reduced in Group D by 89 % and 50 % respectively, with isotretinoin alone by 94 % and 53 %. The amount of lipids was reduced in Group D by 40 % and in Group E by 21 %. Conclusions: Because of the efficacy and cost‐benefit relationship of isotretinoin in the treatment of acne compared to other therapeutic approaches, further use low dose isotretinoin in the described settings seems to justified.
DRGs in der Dermatologie: Ergebnisse des DRG‐Evaluationsprojektes der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft
Authors: Fürstenberg Torsten , Rompel Rainer , Gollnick Harald , Sterry Wolfram , Luger Thomas A. , Hensen Peter , Roeder Norbert 
Published: January 2004

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Die Einführung des DRG‐Systems in Deutschland optional ab dem 1. 1. 2003 und für alle Krankenhäuser verpflichtend ab dem 1. 1. 2004 hat zu einer großen Verunsicherung v. a. auf der Krankenhausseite geführt, da befürchtet wird, daß die in Deutschland praktizierten diagnostischen und therapeutischen Maßnahmen sich nicht sachgerecht mit einem DRG‐System abbilden und vergüten lassen. Daher hat die Deutsche Dermatologische Gesellschaft ein DRG‐Evaluationsprojekt in Zusammenarbeit mit der DRG‐Research‐Group des Universitätsklinikums Münster und der Bundesärztekammer mit dem Ziel durchgeführt, die medizinische und ökonomische Homogenität der Fallgruppen zu überprüfen. Patienten und Methodik: 19 403 Fälle dermatologischer Abteilungen aus 19 Krankenhäusern – zehn universitäre und neun nicht‐universitäre Häuser – wurden über einen viermonatigen Erhebungszeitraum prospektiv gesammelt und hinsichtlich ihrer Leistungs‐, Verweildauer‐ und Aufwandshomogenität untersucht. Ergebnisse: Die resultierende Datenlage bildet die Basis für den Nachweis möglicher Defizite der Abbildung dermatologischer Fälle im G‐DRG‐System. Aufgrund dieser Datenbasis wurden 10 Anpassungsvorschläge formuliert und fristgerecht zum 31. 3. 2003 beim Institut für das Entgeltsystem im Krankenhaus (InEK gGmbH) eingereicht. Schlußfolgerungen: Mit den Ergebnissen des DRG‐Evaluationsprojektes konnte aufgezeigt werden, daß das G‐DRG‐System der Version 1.0 nicht über die ausreichende Differenzierung verfügt, um die vielfältigen diagnostischen und therapeutischen Leistungen der Dermatologie mit ihren Spezialgebieten in Deutschland mit einem angemessenen Differenzierungsgrad abzubilden.
G‐DRG Version 2004: Veränderungen aus Sicht der Dermatologie
Authors: Hensen Peter , Fürstenberg Torsten , Irps Sebastian , Grabbe Stephan , Schwarz Thomas , Luger Thomas A. , Rompel Rainer , Roeder Norbert 
Published: January 2004

ZusammenfassungDie Finanzierung der stationären Krankenhausleistungen über ein DRG‐basiertes Vergütungssystem wird ab 2004 für alle Krankenhäuser verpflichtend eingeführt. Nachdem mit der Krankenhausfallpauschalenverordnung 2004 (KFPV 2004) die zentralen Punkte der G‐DRG‐Systemversion bekannt geworden sind, stellt sich die Frage nach den Konsequenzen. Festzustellen ist, daß der erste deutsche DRG‐Fallpauschalenkatalog sich sehr deutlich von dem bisherigen Optionskatalog unterscheidet, so daß eine intensive Auseinandersetzung mit den neuen Bedingungen erforderlich wird. Medizinökonomisches Handeln wird stärker als bisher den Krankenhausalltag prägen und Einfluß nehmen auf sich verändernde Versorgungsstrukturen. Die wesentlichen Grundlagen und die Anwendung der neuen Bestimmungen müssen deshalb bekannt sein. Neben den allgemeinen Abrechnungsregeln werden vor allem die Veränderungen im neuen Fallpauschalenkatalog erläutert und Auswirkungen für die Dermatologie beispielhaft beleuchtet. Weiterhin müssen die Klassifikationssysteme in den Versionen OPS‐301 SGB V und ICD‐10‐GM 2004 sowie die Deutschen Kodierrichtlinien Version 2004 Berücksichtigung finden. Daher werden ebenso die wesentlichen Neuerungen im Verwendungszusammenhang für die Dermatologie vorgestellt.
A refined technique for determining the respiratory gas exchange responses to anaerobic metabolism during progressive exercise – repeatability in a group of healthy men
Authors: Wisén Anita G. M. , Wohlfart Björn 
Published: January 2004

SummaryThe respiratory gas exchange and ventilation during an incremental cycle exercise test were analysed in a group of 19 healthy, moderately fit men. Different computer algorithms were used to estimate the V̇O2 values where: (i) the rate of V̇CO2 increase just exceeds the rate of V̇O2 increase (DX, derivative crossing), (ii) V̇CO2/V̇O2 = 1·00 (PX, point of crossing) and (iii) ventilation (V̇E) increases disproportionately in relation to V̇CO2 (PQ, point of V̇CO2 equivalent rise). The DX and PQ measurements were analysed using a new approach employing polynomial regression and the value of PX was determined following low‐pass filtration of raw data. The repeatability of the measurements was evaluated with a 5–6 week interval between the tests. The correlations between tests were 0·75 at DX, 0·85 at PX and 0·62 at PQ. The mean differences between the repeated tests were not statistically significant. The repeatability of V̇O2, in absolute values expressed as ±2 SD of the differences between the tests, had values of 5·0, 6·1 and 9·5 ml min−1 kg−1 for DX, PX and PQ, respectively. The mean value of V̇O2 for each measurement point expressed as a percentage of V̇O2max was 54% at DX, 68% at PX and 70% at PQ. The most common sequence of the measured values was DX < PX < PQ, but the sequence DX < PQ < PX was also observed. It is concluded that the gas exchange responses to developing anaerobic metabolism during progressive exercise can be characterized by a series of thresholds. However, the considerable variation in absolute values in the two testing occasions requires further attention.
Decrease in heart rate variability with overtraining: assessment by the Poincaré plot analysis
Authors: Mourot Laurent , Bouhaddi Malika , Perrey Stéphane , Cappelle Sylvie , Henriet Marie‐Thérèse , Wolf Jean‐Pierre , Rouillon Jean‐Denis , Regnard Jacques 
Published: January 2004

SummaryNumerous symptoms have been associated with the overtraining syndrome (OT), including changes in autonomic function. Heart rate variability (HRV) provides non‐invasive data about the autonomic regulation of heart rate in real‐life conditions. The aims of the study were to: (i) characterize the HRV profile of seven athletes (OA) diagnosed as suffering of OT, compared with eight healthy sedentary (C) and eight trained (T) subjects during supine rest and 60° upright, and (ii) compare the traditional time‐ and frequency‐domain analysis assessment of HRV with the non‐linear Poincaré plot analysis. In the latter each R‐R interval is plotted as a function of the previous one, and the standard deviations of the instantaneous (SD1) and long‐term R‐R interval variability are calculated. Total power was higher in T than in C and OA both in supine (1158 ± 1137, 6092 ± 3554 and 2970 ± 2947 ms2 for C, T and OA, respectively) and in upright (640 ± 499, 1814 ± 806 and 1092 ± 712 ms2 for C, T and OA, respectively; P<0·05) positions. In supine position, indicators of parasympathetic activity to the sinus node were higher in T compared with C and OA (high‐frequency power: 419·1 ± 381·2, 1105·3 ± 781·4 and 463·7 ± 715·8 ms2 for C, T and OA, respectively; P<0·05; SD1: 29·5 ± 18·5, 75·2 ± 17·2 and 37·6 ± 27·5 for C, T and OA, respectively; P<0·05). OA had a marked predominance of sympathetic activity regardless of the position (LF/HF were 0·47 ± 0·35, 0·47 ± 0·50 and 3·96 ± 5·71 in supine position for C, T and OA, respectively, and 2·09 ± 2·17, 7·22 ± 6·82 and 12·04 ± 10·36 in upright position for C, T and OA, respectively). The changes in HRV indexes induced by the upright posture were greater in T than in OA. The shape of the Poincaré plots allowed the distinction between the three groups, with wide and narrow shapes in T and OA, respectively, compared with C. As Poincaré plot parameters are easy to compute and associated with the ‘width’ of the scatter gram, they corroborate the traditional time‐ and frequency‐domain analysis. We suggest that they could be used to indicate fatigue and/or prevent OT.
Neonatal ACE inhibition in rats interferes with lung development
Authors: Lasaitiene Daina , Chen Yun , Nannmark Ulf , Wollmer Per , Friberg Peter 
Published: January 2004

SummaryThe renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is developmentally up‐regulated and it is essential for kidney development in several species. Given the fact that the rat lung undergoes postnatal development, the mammalian lung possesses the highest angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) levels and ACE activity increases during the first weeks postpartum, we tested the hypothesis that ACE inhibition influences postnatal lung development. Rats were given the ACE inhibitor enalapril (10 mg kg−1) from 0 to 9 days of age and their lungs were examined at day 4 and 9. Lung structure was evaluated by means of light microscopy, and surface tension of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was measured by means of a Wilhelmy balance. Neonatal ACE inhibition lowered the surface tension of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and caused widening of respiratory airspaces and thinning of alveolar septa. Our results suggest that early postnatal ACE inhibition in rats interferes with lung development.
Discrimination of the closely related biocontrol agents Macrolophus melanotoma (Hemiptera: Miridae) and M. pygmaeus using mitochondrial DNA analysis
Authors: Perdikis D.C. , Margaritopoulos J.T. , Stamatis C. , Mamuris Z. , Lykouressis D.P. , Tsitsipis J.A. , Pekas A. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThe separation of the closely related predatory species Macrolophus melanotoma Costa (= M. caliginosus Wagner) and Macrolophus pygmaeus (Rambur) based exclusively on the different colour pattern of the first antennal segment (white central band in M. melanotoma and entirely black in M. pygmaeus) is rather precarious and their taxonomic status is still in doubt. In the present study their taxonomic status was evaluated by DNA confirmatory analysis and hybridization experiments between M. pygmaeus and a Macrolophus taxon, resembling M. melanotoma, with a first antennal segment entirely black or with a white central band collected from Dittrichia viscosa (L.) W. Greuter (Asteraceae) in southern Greece. Adult females from Dittrichia plants hybridized with males of M. pygmaeus and vice versa did not produce viable eggs. The Macrolophus species from Dittrichia irrespective of the first antennal segment coloration differed from M. pygmaeusin digestive patterns generated by AseI, XbaI, and MseI on 16S rRNA and in RAPD profiles produced by the primers OPA-18 and OPA-20. These results demonstrate that on Dittrichia plants there is a distinct dimorphic taxon, M. melanotoma, as it is the only species of the genus Macrolophus bearing a first antennal segment with a central white band. Given the limitation of the coloration pattern, the mtDNA genetic markers are the appropriate method for the identification of M. melanotomaand M. pygmaeus.
Identifying chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae) for biological monitoring with PCR–RFLP
Authors: Carew M.E. , Pettigrove V. , Hoffmann A.A. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractChironomids are excellent biological indicators for the health of aquatic ecosystems, but their use at finer taxonomic levels is hindered by morphological similarity of species at each life stage. Molecular markers have the potential to overcome these problems by facilitating species identification particularly in large-scale surveys. In this study, the potential of the polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) approach was tested to rapidly distinguish among chironomids within a geographic area, by considering chironomid species from Melbourne, Australia. By comparing molecular markers with diagnostic morphological traits, RFLP profiles of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) region were identified that were specific to genera and some common species. These profiles were used to develop an RFLP–based key, which was validated by testing the markers on samples from several wetlands and streams. As well as allowing for rapid identification of species that are difficult to separate on morphological grounds, this approach also has the potential to resolve current taxonomic ambiguities.
The Anopheles maculipennis complex (Diptera: Culicidae) in Iran: molecular characterization and recognition of a new species
Authors: Sedaghat M.M. , Linton Y.-M. , Oshaghi M.A. , Vatandoost H. , Harbach R.E. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractMosquitoes of the Anopheles maculipennis complex were collected in nine provinces of Iran (Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Kohkiluyeh va Boyerahmad, Mazandaran, Tehran, Azarbaijan-e Gharbi and Zanjan) between June 1983 and September 2002. The nuclear rDNA ITS2 sequences of 86 specimens were compared with those of seven species of the complex available in GenBank. Three genetically distinct species of the complex were distinguished: A. maculipennis Meigen, A. sacharovi Favre and a previously unrecognized species. The last species is most similar to, but clearly distinct from, A. martinius Shingarev and A. sacharovi. The taxonomy of A. martinius and A. sacharovi is critically reviewed, and justification is provided for formally recognizing the third species as Anopheles persiensissp.n. The new species is the first culicid to be characterized and named principally on the basis of DNA evidence. Anopheles persiensis was collected only in the northern Caspian Sea littoral provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran, and it seems likely that this species could be responsible for malaria transmission in this region that was previously attributed to A. maculipennis. A species-specific RFLP–PCR assay based on ITS2 sequences was developed to facilitate further studies of the three species in Iran.
Multimedia Reporting of the Results of Natural Resource Surveys
Authors: Fisher Peter F 
Published: January 2004

AbstractFor most of the twentieth century Natural Resource Surveys were executed for particular geographical regions and for each region a paper map was produced together with a written report. Those conducting the survey and preparing the report have used that report to convey much information to the user, which would otherwise be lost. To the authors the report is the real product, and the map a view onto it. To most users, however, it has always been the map that was important because many lack the knowledge to comprehend the report in any detail: the report, therefore, being an adjunct to the map. Increasing production costs combined with the advances in computer systems and especially the widespread use of this information within GIS have resulted in a shift from paper to digital as the publication medium for the map and the report (when it is produced at all). Currently, many different models of presentation of natural resource survey results are apparent, ranging from those which only contain the map (spatial information) to those combining the report and the map on CD‐ROM to those presenting a more integrated view of the map and the equivalent of the report. None has yet reached the full spatial multimedia solution which is now possible with computer technology. Such an approach will make it possible to interrogate the map for the report information, and vice versa, and to access and visualize tabular information. The current diversity of approaches means the potential loss of the valuable knowledge of the surveyors and report‐writers other than as it is expressed in the map, but the integration of the report with the map in a multimedia presentation may save the report, and make that information available to more people than ever before.
Spatial Simulation and Fuzzy Threshold Analyses for Allocating Restoration Areas
Authors: Güneralp Burak , Gertner George , Mendoza Gil , Anderson Alan 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThis paper presents a methodology for the evaluation of land condition and for the allocation of areas requiring restoration. It is based on spatial simulation analysis and fuzzy logic. The method is demonstrated in a restoration allocation problem within a military training area in Texas. Fuzzy logic is integrated with spatial analysis through Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to make land condition assessment geographically specific. Two sources of uncertainty in Land Condition Analysis are considered in this paper. First is the uncertainty due to incomplete information on land condition. Second is the uncertainty emanating from identifying the condition of a particular parcel of land. The first is addressed by using sequential Gaussian simulation, a geostatistical tool. Erosion status is selected as the land condition factor, and uncertainty associated with it is considered in this study. Land allocation is based on fuzzy logic to reflect the continuous transition between different land conditions and the minimization of loss that is expected to occur in the case of misallocation. Various forms of loss functions are used for allocating areas in need of restoration. An important result of the study is a map showing the areas allocated for restoration. The proposed method is compared to two alternative methods with varying degrees of determinism and uncertainty. The incorporation of uncertainty led to better allocation strategies and results that are more realistic.
A Location‐centred, GIS‐based Methodology for Estimating the Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Nature Reserves
Authors: Dockerty Trudie , Lovett Andrew 
Published: January 2004

AbstractClimate‐space models were constructed for 241 plant species from a sample of 86 nature reserve communities in Great Britain. Convex Hull climate envelopes were used to compile Mutual Climatic Range diagrams for selected species at each site. Present‐day and potential future climatic values over the next 100 years were compared against the climatic ranges of the species. A new Combined Envelope (a quadratic logistic regression probability surface constrained by a Convex Hull envelope) was used in a Climate Change Trend Analysis to determine future climatic suitability for species at each site (defined as a change in probability of species’ presence). Results indicate that the warming climate could favour a large proportion of plants on Scottish reserves (excepting montane species) and be less favourable for many plants on reserves in the south of England. The situation appears to be one of ‘no change’ for the majority of species on Welsh reserves and those further north in England.
The Role of Knowledge Representation in Geographic Knowledge Discovery: A Case Study
Authors: Mennis Jeremy , Peuquet Donna J 
Published: January 2004

AbstractWith the advent of massive, heterogeneous geographic datasets, data mining and knowledge discovery in databases (KDD) have become important tools in deriving meaningful information from these data. In this paper, we discuss how knowledge representation can be employed to significantly enhance the power of the knowledge discovery process to uncover patterns and relationships. We suggest that geographic data models that support knowledge discovery must represent both observational data and derived knowledge. In addition, knowledge representation in the context of KDD must support the iterative and interactive nature of the knowledge discovery process to enable the analyst to iteratively apply, and revise the parameters of, specific analytical techniques. Our approach to knowledge representation and discovery is demonstrated through a case study that focuses on the identification and analysis of storms and other related climate phenomena embedded within a spatio‐temporal data set of meteorological observations.
GIS in Participatory Research: Assessing the Impact of Landmines on Communities in North‐west Cambodia
Authors: Williams Craig , Dunn Christine E 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThe view of GIS, adopted by many, as an undemocratic and divisive technology is perhaps most poignant in settings where financial and skills‐based resources are limited, notably in lower‐income countries. Where those countries are also recovering from a period of military conflict there would at first sight seem to be little opportunity for employing GIS as part of a socially‐sensitive approach to ‘development’. This paper explores the potential for using GIS in participatory approaches to gathering and analysing geographical information on human‐environment interactions in post‐conflict settings. We discuss empirical work from northwest Cambodia where GIS and participatory methods have been integrated to assess risk to local communities from landmines and to develop priorities for landmine clearance. In juxtaposing ‘official’, spatially‐referenced data with indigenous geographical knowledge in this study we seek to privilege meaningful geographical understandings over conventional notions of spatial ‘accuracy’. In so doing we carry out a Participatory Mine Impact Assessment (PMIA) to explore spatial activities among local populations in mine‐contaminated communities and to help identify improved strategies for returning refugees in re‐establishing livelihoods.