bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite Composite from Cuttlebone (Sepia sp.) with Chitosan via In Situ as Antibacterial
Authors: Jamarun Novesar , Caniago Sintia , Septiani Upita , Prasejati Arika , Wulandari Wulandari , Amirullah Tri Yupi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHydroxyapatite/chitosan (HAp/CTS) was synthesized using the in situ sol‐gel method with pH variation (7, 8, 9, 10, and 11). Based on XRF, cuttlebone, as a source of calcium, contains 96.3 % CaO. The presence of OH− ions from chitosan affects the product mass of composites. FTIR spectra of composites showed the appearance of characteristic vibrations of HAp and chitosan. The cystallite size measured from XRD pattern using Scherrer equation obtained as 20.18 nm and 17.69 nm for HAp and the HAp/CTS‐11 composite, respectively. The morphology of HAp/CTS‐11 was agglomerated spherical with a Ca/P ratio of 1.86 based on SEM‐EDS analysis. Also, the HAp/CTS‐11 composite revealed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. HAp/CTS‐11 may be a promising biomaterial for bone implants with antibacterial activity to overcome osteomyelitis.
Stable Core‐Shell UiO‐66‐NH2@Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks Composite as a Favorable Photocatalyst for Tetracycline Degradation
Authors: Jeyhoon Bahar , Safarifard Vahid 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising materials for photocatalytic applications due to their unique properties. Core‐shell MOFs have recently emerged as a particularly attractive subclass of MOFs, offering enhanced light absorption, charge separation capabilities, and stability. In this study, we synthesized UiO‐66‐NH2@ZIF‐67 and UiO‐66‐NH2@ZIF‐8 core‐shell structures using UiO‐66‐NH2, ZIF‐67, and ZIF‐8. We found that UiO‐66‐NH2@ZIF‐67 exhibited a photocatalytic tetracycline (TC) degradation rate that was five times higher than that of pure UiO‐66‐NH2 under visible light. Furthermore, UiO‐66‐NH2@ZIF‐67 demonstrated superior stability and recyclability, maintaining its efficiency for five cycles. The photocatalytic removal efficiency of TC over UiO‐66‐NH2@ZIF‐67 under visible light reached 97 % in just 60 minutes. In this study, the two MOFs with a high surface area, one with a large bandgap and one with the ability to absorb visible light were combined to construct the desire core‐shell structure. Our results offer a novel and convenient strategy for synthesizing highly effective and stable core‐shell MOF‐on‐MOF photocatalysts for photodegradation and TC degradation.
A Less‐is‐More Strategy for Mitochondria‐Targeted Photodynamic Therapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Zuo Qingting , Lyu Jiayan , Shen Xinran , Wang Fengju , Xing Liyun , Zhou Minglu , Zhou Zhou , Li Lian , Huang Yuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConventional photodynamic therapy (PDT) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) faces a dilemma: low‐power is insufficient to kill pro‐inflammatory cells while high‐power exacerbates inflammation. Herein, mitochondrial targeting is introduced in PDT of RA to implement a “less‐is‐more” strategy, where higher apoptosis in pro‐inflammatory cells are achieved with lower laser power. In arthritic rats, chlorine 6‐loaded and mitochondria‐targeting liposomes (Ce6@M‐Lip) passively accumulated in inflamed joints, entered pro‐inflammatory macrophages, and actively localized to mitochondria, leading to enhanced mitochondrial dysfunction under laser irradiation. By effectively disrupting mitochondria, pro‐inflammatory macrophages are more susceptible to PDT, resulting in increased apoptosis initiation. Additionally, it identifies that high‐power irradiation caused cell rupture and release of endogenous danger signals that recruited and activated additional macrophages. In contrast, under low‐power irradiation, mitochondria‐targeting Ce6@M‐Lip not only prevented inflammation but also reduced pro‐inflammatory macrophage infiltration and pro‐inflammatory cytokine secretion. Overall, targeting mitochondria reconciled therapeutic efficacy and inflammation, thus enabling efficacious yet inflammation‐sparing PDT for RA. This highlights the promise of mitochondrial targeting to resolve the dilemma between anti‐inflammatory efficacy and inflammatory exacerbation in PDT by implementing a “less‐is‐more” strategy.
Lubricating Microneedles System with Multistage Sustained Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Chen Kexin , Zhao Yanlong , Zhao Weiwei , Mao Xiaowei , Li Dan , Wang Yuguang , Shang Shaomei , Zhang Hongyu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a typical joint degenerative disease that is prevalent worldwide and significantly affects the normal activities of patients. Traditional treatments using diclofenac (DCF) as an anti‐inflammatory drug by oral administration and transdermal delivery have many inherent deficiencies. In this study, a lubricating microneedles (MNs) system for the treatment of osteoarthritis with multistage sustained drug delivery and great reduction in skin damage during MNs penetration is developed. The bilayer dissolvable MNs system, namely HA‐DCF@PDMPC, is prepared by designating the composite material of hyaluronic acid (HA) and covalently conjugated drug compound (HA‐DCF) as the MNs tips and then modifying the surface of MNs tips with a self‐adhesive lubricating copolymer (PDMPC). The MNs system is designed to achieve sustained drug release of DCF via ester bond hydrolysis, physical diffusion from MNs tips, and breakthrough of lubrication coating. Additionally, skin damage is reduced due to the presence of the lubrication coating on the superficial surface. Therefore, the lubricating MNs with multistage sustained drug delivery show good compliance as a transdermal patch for OA treatment, which is validated from anti‐inflammatory cell tests and therapeutic animal experiments, down‐regulating the expression levels of pro‐inflammatory factors and alleviating articular cartilage destruction.
Tuning the Optical and Structural Properties of Halide Perovskite by PbS Quantum Dot Additive Engineering for Enhanced Photovoltaic Performances
Authors: Salim Kunnummal Mangott Muhammed , Muscarella Loreta A. , Schuringa Imme , Miranda Gamboa Ramses Alejandro , Torres Jeevan , Echeverría‐Arrondo Carlos , Gualdrón‐Reyes Andrés F. , Rodriguez‐Pereira Jhonatan , Rincon Marina E. , Ehrler Bruno , Mora‐Seró Iván , Masi Sofia 
Published: January 2024

The combination of inorganic PbS quantum dots (QDs) and lead halide perovskite in one nanocomposite is considered as a promising approach to overcoming the limitations of metastable perovskites. However, to date, only a few examples of improved optoelectronic perovskites are realized with such materials. One of the keys to unraveling the full potential offered by the PbS QDs/perovskite material is the ability to purposefully modulate the interfacial electronic energy levels by changing the PbS QDs capping shell. Herein, this approach to adjust the offsets of the energy levels of the perovskite is demonstrated. To prepare the perovskite films with embedded PbS QDs, the organic capping of QDs is exchanged by a halide perovskite shell. Film properties are correlated to the structural changes of the soft perovskite matrix and their optical properties. Interestingly, this approach can be used to adjust the energy levels in the whole nanocomposite film, without changing the original bandgap, and thus paves the way for novel functional materials for optoelectronic devices. The applicability of this method is exemplified by fabricating solar cells with the perovskite nanocomposite, observing that the introduction of PbS/FAPI QDs into FAPI matrix boosts the average performance from 17.9% to 18.9% (21.3% champion device).
Stability and Reliability of Dye‐Sensitized Solar‐Cell Mini‐Module for Photocharging Li‐Ion‐Battery‐Connected Internet of Things
Authors: Aftabuzzaman Md. , Masud  , Kim Hwan Kyu 
Published: January 2024

Dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs)‐integrated Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) are considered a promising solution as a wireless power source for the increasing number of miniaturized portable devices and the internet of things (IoTs). However, DSSCs suffer from stability issues because of the using volatile electrolyte solvents that leak through the seal. To solve this problem, in this study, a polymer gel electrolyte based on the high‐boiling solvent 3‐methoxypropionitrile (bp = 164–165 °C) is used, and the backside of the cells are sealed by hot press using surlyn and Al foil. A highly stable and efficient counter electrode, Pt/porous carbon (Pt/PC), is also used to fabricate the devices, which show a high PCE of 25.7%–29.4% under the illumination of 500–2000 lux. The fabricated DSSC shows outstanding stability in the room condition and under the operating condition at 50 °C. A mini‐module of 13.3 cm2, PCE of 22.9–23.3%, and Pmax of 166.4–643.0 μW can recharge a LIB while powering an IoT device by producing an output greater than the IoT device consumes. The store charge can be used when the light source is cut off, indicating the reliability of the DSSC for photocharging the LIB as a wireless power source for IoT devices.
Frobenius Algebras Associated with the $$\alpha $$-Induction for Equivariantly Braided Tensor Categories
Authors: Oikawa Mizuki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLet G be a group. We give a categorical definition of the G-equivariant $$\alpha $$
α
-induction associated with a given G-equivariant Frobenius algebra in a G-braided multitensor category, which generalizes the $$\alpha $$
α
-induction for G-twisted representations of conformal nets. For a given G-equivariant Frobenius algebra in a spherical G-braided fusion category, we construct a G-equivariant Frobenius algebra, which we call a G-equivariant $$\alpha $$
α
-induction Frobenius algebra, in a suitably defined category called neutral double. This construction generalizes Rehren’s construction of $$\alpha $$
α
-induction Q-systems. Finally, we define the notion of the G-equivariant full centre of a G-equivariant Frobenius algebra in a spherical G-braided fusion category and show that it indeed coincides with the corresponding G-equivariant $$\alpha $$
α
-induction Frobenius algebra, which generalizes a theorem of Bischoff, Kawahigashi and Longo.
“The Sierpinski gasket minus its bottom line” as a tree of Sierpinski gaskets
Authors: Kigami J. , Takahashi K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Sierpinski gasket K has three line segments constituting a regular triangle as its border. This paper studies what will happen if one of them, which is called the bottom line and is denoted by I, is removed from K. At a glance, “the Sierpinski gasket minus the bottom line” $$K\backslash I$$

K
\
I

has a structure of a tree of Sierpinski gaskets. This observation leads us to the results showing that the boundary of $$K\backslash I$$

K
\
I

is not the line segment I but a Cantor set from viewpoints of geometry and analysis. As a by-product, we have an explicit expression of the jump kernel of the trace of the Brownian motion of K on the bottom line I.
A touching advantage: cross-modal stop-signals improve reactive response inhibition
Authors: Friehs Maximilian A. , Schmalbrock Philipp , Merz Simon , Dechant Martin , Hartwigsen Gesa , Frings Christian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe ability to inhibit an already initiated response is crucial for navigating the environment. However, it is unclear which characteristics make stop-signals more likely to be processed efficiently. In three consecutive studies, we demonstrate that stop-signal modality and location are key factors that influence reactive response inhibition. Study 1 shows that tactile stop-signals lead to better performance compared to visual stop-signals in an otherwise visual choice-reaction task. Results of Study 2 reveal that the location of the stop-signal matters. Specifically, if a visual stop-signal is presented at a different location compared to the visual go-signal, then stopping performance is enhanced. Extending these results, study 3 suggests that tactile stop-signals and location-distinct visual stop-signals retain their performance enhancing effect when visual distractors are presented at the location of the go-signal. In sum, these results confirm that stop-signal modality and location influence reactive response inhibition, even in the face of concurrent distractors. Future research may extend and generalize these findings to other cross-modal setups.
The effect of valgus reduction on resistant subtrochanteric femoral non-unions: a single-centre report of twenty six cases
Authors: El-Alfy Barakat , Abououf Alaa , Darweash Ahmed , Fawzy Salam 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Re-revision of subtrochanteric non-unions is technically challenging and lacks robust evidence. The results of managing subtrochanteric fractures after multiple failed procedures have rarely been reported in the literature. This study aims to evaluate the effect of valgus reduction on non-united subtrochanteric fractures with single or multiple failed revision surgeries.

Methods
Twenty-six patients with aseptic subtrochanteric fracture non-union underwent failed single or multiple revision procedures after index fracture fixation surgery between 2011 and 2019. The exclusion criteria were as follows: septic non-union, peri-prosthetic, and pathological fractures. Lateral-based wedge valgus reduction and compression at the non-union site using a valgus-contoured DCS together with decortication, debridement, and bone grafting were used. The main outcome measurement was radiological union, pain, LLD, HHS, and restoration of pre-fracture activities.

Results
The mean follow-up was 4.5 years (range 3 to 7); prior revision surgeries range from two to five and union at 6.5 months (range 3 to 10) and the delayed union in one case and an infected non-union in one case. The mean LLD was 4 cm (range 3 to 5), which improved to 1.5 cm (range 1 to 4) (P-value < 0.001). The mean VAS was 7 (range 6 to 8), and 24 patients achieved painless ambulation without a walking aid after the union. The mean HHS was 40 (range 25 to 65), which improved to 85 (range 55 to 95) (P-value < 001), achieving 15 excellent, ten good, and one poor results.

Conclusion
Mechanical optimisation by lateral closing wedge and stable fixation with pre-contoured DCS with biological enhancement resulted in a successful outcome in recalcitrant subtrochanteric non-unions.
Model organisms and systems in neuroethology: one hundred years of history and a look into the future
Authors: Wagner Hermann , Egelhaaf Martin , Carr Catherine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Journal of Comparative Physiology lived up to its name in the last 100 years by including more than 1500 different taxa in almost 10,000 publications. Seventeen phyla of the animal kingdom were represented. The honeybee (Apis mellifera) is the taxon with most publications, followed by locust (Locusta migratoria), crayfishes (Cambarus spp.), and fruitfly (Drosophila melanogaster). The representation of species in this journal in the past, thus, differs much from the 13 model systems as named by the National Institutes of Health (USA). We mention major accomplishments of research on species with specific adaptations, specialist animals, for example, the quantitative description of the processes underlying the axon potential in squid (Loligo forbesii) and the isolation of the first receptor channel in the electric eel (Electrophorus electricus) and electric ray (Torpedo spp.). Future neuroethological work should make the recent genetic and technological developments available for specialist animals. There are many research questions left that may be answered with high yield in specialists and some questions that can only be answered in specialists. Moreover, the adaptations of animals that occupy specific ecological niches often lend themselves to biomimetic applications. We go into some depth in explaining our thoughts in the research of motion vision in insects, sound localization in barn owls, and electroreception in weakly electric fish.
Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors with PIT1/SF1 co-expression show distinct clinicopathological and molecular features
Authors: Dottermusch Matthias , Ryba Alice , Ricklefs Franz L. , Flitsch Jörg , Schmid Simone , Glatzel Markus , Saeger Wolfgang , Neumann Julia E. , Schüller Ulrich 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are classified according to cell lineage, which requires immunohistochemistry for adenohypophyseal hormones and the transcription factors (TFs) PIT1, SF1, and TPIT. According to the current WHO 2022 classification, PitNETs with co-expression of multiple TFs are termed “plurihormonal”. Previously, PIT1/SF1 co-expression was prevailingly reported in PitNETs, which otherwise correspond to the somatotroph lineage. However, little is known about such tumors and the WHO classification has not recognized their significance. We compiled an in-house case series of 100 tumors, previously diagnosed as somatotroph PitNETs. Following TF staining, histopathological features associated with PIT1/SF1 co-expression were assessed. Integration of in-house and publicly available sample data allowed for a meta-analysis of SF1-associated clinicopathological and molecular features across a total of 270 somatotroph PitNETs. The majority (74%, 52/70) of our densely granulated somatotroph PitNETs (DGST) unequivocally co-expressed PIT1 and SF1 (DGST-PIT1/SF1). None (0%, 0/30) of our sparsely granulated somatotroph PitNETs (SGST) stained positive for SF1 (SGST-PIT1). Among DGST, PIT1/SF1 co-expression was significantly associated with scarce FSH/LH expression and fewer fibrous bodies compared to DGST-PIT1. Integrated molecular analyses including publicly available samples confirmed that DGST-PIT1/SF1, DGST-PIT1 and SGST-PIT1 represent distinct tumor subtypes. Clinicopathological meta-analyses indicated that DGST-PIT1 respond more favorably towards treatment with somatostatin analogs compared to DGST-PIT1/SF1, while both these subtypes show an overall less aggressive clinical course than SGST-PIT1. In this study, we spotlight that DGST with co-expression of PIT1 and SF1 represent a common, yet underrecognized, distinct PitNET subtype. Our study questions the rationale of generally classifying such tumors as “plurihormonal”, and calls for a refinement of the WHO classification. We propose the term “somatogonadotroph PitNET”.
Incidence of second malignancies in patients with thymic carcinoma and thymic neuroendocrine tumor
Authors: Qiu Guanghao , Wang Fuqiang , Wang Yun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Thymic carcinoma and thymic neuroendocrine tumor (NET) are rare and are more likely to develop second malignancies. The purpose of this study was to explore the incidence and lifetime risk of second malignancies in thymic carcinoma and thymic NET.

Methods
The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) and the age-adjusted cancer incidence of the thymic carcinoma and thymic NET patients with second malignancies were retrospectively calculated by using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Prognosis results were also determined by Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox regression.

Results
1130 patients with thymic carcinoma (73 patients had second malignancies) and 263 patients with thymic NET (19 patients had second malignancies) from 2000 to 2018 are included. Patients with thymic carcinoma (SIR: 1.36, 95% CI 1.08–1.69) and with thymic NET (SIR: 1.73, 95% CI 1.13–2.54) demonstrate an increased overall risk of developing second malignancies in various organ systems. The age-adjusted cancer incidence of second malignancies in patients with thymic carcinoma is 3058.48 per 100,000 persons (4178.46 per 100,000 persons in patients with thymic NET). Age at diagnosis is a significant risk factor for the development of second malignancies.

Conclusion
The incidence of second malignancies in patients with thymic carcinoma and thymic NET is significantly higher than the patients in the normal population. The occurrence of second malignancies is not related to the use of different treatments. It is important to extend the follow-up period and add other screening methods.
‘What’s in a name’, a systematic review of the pterional craniotomy for aneurysm surgery and its many modifications with a proposal for simplified nomenclature
Authors: Candy Nicholas G. , Van Der Veken Jorn , Van Velthoven Vera 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
The pterional or frontosphenotemporal craniotomy has stood the test of time and continues to be a commonly used method of managing a variety of neurosurgical pathology. Already described in the beginning of the twentieth century and perfected by Yasargil in the 1970s, it has seen many modifications. These modifications have been a normal evolution for most neurosurgeons, tailoring the craniotomy to the patients’ specific anatomy and pathology. Nonetheless, an abundance of variations have appeared in the literature.

Methods
A search strategy was devised according to the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. To identify articles investigating the variations in the pterional approach, the following search terms were applied: (pterional OR minipterional OR supraorbital) AND (approach OR craniotomy OR technique).

Results
In total, 3552 articles were screened with 74 articles being read in full with 47 articles being included for review. Each article was examined according the name of the technique, temporalis dissection technique, craniotomy technique and approach.

Conclusion
This systematic review gives an overview of the different techniques and modifications to the pterional craniotomy since it was initially described. We advocate for the use of a more standardised nomenclature that focuses on the target zone to simplify the management approach to supratentorial aneurysms.
A critical moment in machine learning in medicine: on reproducible and interpretable learning
Authors: Ciobanu-Caraus Olga , Aicher Anatol , Kernbach Julius M. , Regli Luca , Serra Carlo , Staartjes Victor E. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Over the past two decades, advances in computational power and data availability combined with increased accessibility to pre-trained models have led to an exponential rise in machine learning (ML) publications. While ML may have the potential to transform healthcare, this sharp increase in ML research output without focus on methodological rigor and standard reporting guidelines has fueled a reproducibility crisis. In addition, the rapidly growing complexity of these models compromises their interpretability, which currently impedes their successful and widespread clinical adoption. In medicine, where failure of such models may have severe implications for patients’ health, the high requirements for accuracy, robustness, and interpretability confront ML researchers with a unique set of challenges. In this review, we discuss the semantics of reproducibility and interpretability, as well as related issues and challenges, and outline possible solutions to counteracting the “black box”. To foster reproducibility, standard reporting guidelines need to be further developed and data or code sharing encouraged. Editors and reviewers may equally play a critical role by establishing high methodological standards and thus preventing the dissemination of low-quality ML publications. To foster interpretable learning, the use of simpler models more suitable for medical data can inform the clinician how results are generated based on input data. Model-agnostic explanation tools, sensitivity analysis, and hidden layer representations constitute further promising approaches to increase interpretability. Balancing model performance and interpretability are important to ensure clinical applicability. We have now reached a critical moment for ML in medicine, where addressing these issues and implementing appropriate solutions will be vital for the future evolution of the field.