bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Directed acyclic graph for epidemiological studies in childhood food allergy: Construction, user's guide, and application
Authors: Peng Zhuoxin , Apfelbacher Christian , Brandstetter Susanne , Eils Roland , Kabesch Michael , Lehmann Irina , Trump Saskia , Wellmann Sven , Genuneit Jon ,   the NAMIBIO App Consortium
Published: January 2024

AbstractUnderstanding modifiable prenatal and early life causal determinants of food allergy is important for the prevention of the disease. Randomized clinical trials studying environmental and dietary determinants of food allergy may not always be feasible. Identifying risk/protective factors for early‐life food allergy often relies on observational studies, which may be affected by confounding bias. The directed acyclic graph (DAG) is a causal diagram useful to guide causal inference from observational epidemiological research. To date, research on food allergy has made little use of this promising method. We performed a literature review of existing evidence with a systematic search, synthesized 32 known risk/protective factors, and constructed a comprehensive DAG for early‐life food allergy development. We present an easy‐to‐use online tool for researchers to re‐construct, amend, and modify the DAG along with a user's guide to minimize confounding bias. We estimated that adjustment strategies in 57% of previous observational studies on modifiable factors of childhood food allergy could be improved if the researchers determined their adjustment sets by DAG. Future researchers who are interested in the causal inference of food allergy development in early life can apply the DAG to identify covariates that should and should not be controlled in observational studies.
Correction of axial length measurement error by IOLMaster 700 could improve refractive prediction accuracy in silicone oil‐filled eyes
Authors: Zhang Jiaqing , Han Xiaotong , Jin Aixia , Zhang Yifan , Chen Xiaoyun , Liu Zhenzhen , Qiu Xiaozhang , Tan Xuhua , Luo Lixia , Liu Yizhi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether correcting the axial length (AL) measurement error of the IOLMaster 700 could improve the refractive prediction accuracy in silicone oil‐filled eyes.MethodsThis study included 265 cataract patients (265 eyes) with silicone oil tamponade who were scheduled for phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. The performances of various formulas, including Barrett Universal II, Emmetropia Verifying Optical, Hoffer‐QST, Kane, Ladas Super Formula, Pearl‐DGS, Radial Basis Function and traditional formulas (Haigis, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1 and SRK/T), were evaluated. The refractive prediction errors (PE) calculated with measured AL (ALmeas) and corrected AL with silicone oil adjustment (SOAL) were compared. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the ALmeas (<23 mm; 23–26 mm; ≥26 mm).ResultsUsing SOAL significantly reduced the hyperopic PE of formulas when compared to ALmeas (−0.05 to 0.17 D vs 0.15 to 0.38 D, p < 0.001). After applying AL correction, all formulas showed a lower mean absolute PE (0.47–0.57 D vs 0.50–0.69 D). The percentage of eyes within ±1.0 D of PE increased from 84.91%–88.68% to 89.81%–91.32% for new formulas and from 78.11%–83.40% to 85.66%–88.68% for traditional formulas, with the use of SOAL. Subgroup analysis showed that the majority of formulas with SOAL in prediction accuracy for eyes with an AL ≥26 mm (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe refractive prediction accuracy in silicone oil‐filled eyes was improved by correcting the AL measurement error of the IOLMaster 700, especially for long eyes.
Neuromuscular ultrasound in combination with nerve conduction studies helps identify inflammatory motor neuropathies from lower motor neuron syndromes
Authors: Zhang Lei , Li Yi , Niu Jingwen , Hu Nan , Ding Jianfeng , Cui Liying , Liu Mingsheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeIdentifying patients with inflammatory motor neuropathies (IMNs) is warranted since effective treatments are available and the prognosis of these patients differs from that of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients.MethodsBetween January 2019 and May 2022, 102 consecutive treatment‐naïve lower motor neuron syndrome (LMNS) patients were recruited; these patients were suspected of having multifocal motor neuropathy, pure motor chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with initial lower motor neuron presentation. Neuromuscular ultrasound (US) and nerve conduction studies (NCSs) were conducted at baseline. Relevant diagnostic investigations were performed if clinically warranted. The proposed US evidence of IMN was as follows: (i) nerve enlargement at ≥1 of the predetermined sites or (ii) absence of high intensity fasciculations in predefined muscle groups. Final diagnoses were made by experienced physicians after a prolonged follow‐up period (≥12 months). IMN patients were defined as LMNS patients who experienced convincing improvements in response to immunotherapies. IMN patients without electrodiagnostic demyelinating features were diagnosed with treatment‐responsive LMNS (TR‐LMNS).ResultsIn total, 16 patients were classified as IMN, including nine chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy/multifocal motor neuropathy patients and seven TR‐LMNS patients. Six TR‐LMNS patients were identified by neuromuscular US. The sensitivity and specificity of NCSs, nerve US and muscle US were 56.3% and 100%, 43.8% and 90.7% and 68.8% and 97.7%, respectively. When these three modalities were combined, the sensitivity and specificity were 93.8% and 88.4%, respectively.ConclusionNeuromuscular US studies are supplementary modalities to NCSs, and the combined use of these techniques might improve the identification of IMNs in LMNS patients.
The impacts of migraine on functioning: Results from two qualitative studies of people living with migraine
Authors: Mangrum Rikki , Bryant Alexandra L. , Gerstein Maya T. , McCarrier Kelly P. , Houts Carrie R. , McGinley James S. , Buse Dawn C. , Lipton Richard B. , Wirth R. J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the impact of migraine on functioning based on comprehensive data collection, analysis, and reporting of patients' experiences.BackgroundQualitative research conducted to understand patients' perspectives on living with migraine has often focused on narrow topics or specific groups of patients or has been selectively reported.MethodsQualitative interviews with 71 participants were conducted during two concept elicitation studies as part of the Migraine Clinical Outcome Assessment System (MiCOAS) project, an FDA grant‐funded program designed to develop a core set of patient‐centered outcome measures for migraine clinical trials. Participants self‐reported being diagnosed with migraine by a healthcare professional and participated in semi‐structured qualitative interviews about their experiences with the symptoms and impacts of migraine. Interview transcripts were coded to identify and define concepts, which were then grouped into broad domains based on conceptual similarities.ResultsA total of 66 concepts were identified: 12 for physical functioning, 16 for cognitive functioning, 10 for social role functioning, 19 for emotional and psychological functioning, and 9 related to migraine management. Participants described a complex and varied relationship between migraine attack symptoms and impacts on functioning. Impacts from migraine were further influenced by numerous contextual factors, such as people's individual social environments and the level of day‐to‐day demand for functioning they face.ConclusionFindings showed that migraine impacted individual functioning in multiple ways and the nature of these impacts was dependent on social‐contextual factors. The results are being used in the development of core measures designed to improve our understanding of the burden of migraine and the efficacy of migraine therapies. The results also offer new insights and raise new questions about migraine experience that can be used to guide future research.
Regulating the pore structure of periclase refractories by adding Y2O3 to enhance corrosion resistance for copper slag
Authors: Jin Endong , Ding Donghai , Zhang Ningxuan , Xiao Guoqing , Duan Feng , Tian Xiaoli , Guo Zongqi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe penetration of copper‐smelting slag into refractories is a major challenge to the research of chromium‐free refractories for copper‐smelting furnace. In this paper, Y2O3 was added to regulate the pore structure of periclase refractories, which enhanced their various properties, especially corrosion resistance to copper converter slag. The results showed that the periclase refractories doped with 1.0 wt.% Y2O3 (1Y sample) possessed the optimum properties. Compared to the sample without Y2O3, the apparent porosity of 1Y sample was decreased by 7.3%, and its average pore diameter was only 3.7 μm. The addition of Y2O3 filled the pores among MgO grains and promoted the expansion of high melting point silicates, thereby reducing the pore size and causing more complex pore structures. This was beneficial to improving the corrosion resistance of periclase to copper slag, especially to prevent the penetration of Cux+ and Na+. After static slag corrosion, the permeability index was significantly decreased by 41% compared to periclase refractories without Y2O3. Moreover, compared to industrial MgO–Cr2O3 refractories, the 1Y sample possessed better resistance to copper slag erosion based on rotating finger tests, and its permeability index and penetration depth decreased by almost 50%.
Periodontal disease prevalence and oral hygiene status of adults with cystic fibrosis: A case–control study
Authors: Coffey Niamh , O'Leary Fiona , Burke Francis , Kirwan Laura , O'Regan Paul , Plant Barry , Roberts Anthony , Hayes Martina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the prevalence of gingivitis and periodontitis, and the oral hygiene status of adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) in the Republic of Ireland.Materials and MethodsA case–control study in the form of a clinical examination of 92 adults with a diagnosis of CF was carried out in the adult CF unit in Cork University Hospital. A 40‐item questionnaire was used to capture socio‐demographic variables and medical and dental information. Two calibrated examiners carried out a periodontal assessment on participants, using the WHO‐recommended CPI‐modified index, and oral hygiene status was measured using the Greene–Vermillion index. The results were compared with a population‐based control group of similar socio‐demographic profile.ResultsOral hygiene levels (plaque and calculus) were significantly worse in people with CF, with a median plaque index of 0.83 (interquartile range [IQR] 0.333–1.542) in the CF group compared with 0.5 (IQR 0.167–0.667) in the non‐CF group. Calculus index in the CF group was 0.33 (IQR 0.17–0.83) compared with 0.33 (IQR 0.125–0.33) in the non‐CF group. However, periodontal disease levels were significantly lower in the CF group. Gingivitis (bleeding on probing ≥ 10% sites) was seen in 67.4% of the CF group, compared with 83.7% of the non‐CF group, OR 0.365 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.181–0.736), relative risk (RR) 0.779 (95% CI 0.655–0.928). Mild periodontitis (periodontal probing depth [PPD] < 5 mm) was seen in 15.2% of the CF group, compared with 31.5% of the non‐CF group, OR 0.390 (CI 0.190–0.800), RR 0.483 (95% CI 0.273–0.852). Severe periodontitis (PPD ≥ 6 mm) was seen in 0% of the CF group, compared with 9.8% of the non‐CF group. There was a tendency, albeit non‐significant, towards reduced periodontitis in PWCF who regularly took antibiotics, particularly azithromycin.ConclusionsIn this study, adults with CF had poor oral hygiene practices, with high levels of plaque and calculus. Despite this finding, adults with CF had lower levels of clinical gingivitis and periodontitis than seen in a non‐CF control group. Further study is required to examine the causes of this phenomenon.
High levels of metacercarial infestation (family: Diplostomidae) do not affect host energetics and swimming performance in the Epaulette goby (Coryogalops sordidus, Gobiidae)
Authors: du Toit Hendrik D. , Rishworth Gavin M. , Strydom Nadine A. , Welman Shaun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractParasites have deleterious effects on their hosts, often resulting in altered host behavior or increased energy expenditure. When organisms are exposed to suboptimal environments, parasite loading may increase. Microbialite pools along the warm temperate South African coastline have been hypothesized as refugia for Epaulette gobies (Coryogalops sordidus, Gobiidae) when they are outside of their previously known subtropical distribution. The aim of this study was to determine if C. sordidus individuals infected with metacercarial cysts display higher metabolic rates or different swimming behavior compared to noninfected individuals. We measured each goby's swimming performance using a critical station‐holding speed (Ucrit) test (n = 60) and visually scored their swimming behavior (n = 52) during these measurements. Also, we measured the metabolic rate of gobies using an intermittent flow respirometer system to determine standard metabolic rate (SMR) and maximum metabolic rate (MMR) from gobies at 21°C before and after swimming trials. Metacercarial load carried by infected gobies seemingly had no impact on the host's energetics (SMR or MMR), swimming ability (as repeated Ucrit tests), or swimming behavior compared to noninfected gobies. Thus, the metacercarial intensity observed in gobies in the current study appeared to have no impact on host swimming performance or behavior. Furthermore, the swimming capacity observed for C. sordidus, in general, suggests that this goby is a poor swimmer compared to other gobiid species.
Non‐semisimple Levin–Wen models and Hermitian TQFTs from quantum (super)groups
Authors: Geer Nathan , Lauda Aaron D. , Patureau‐Mirand Bertrand , Sussan Joshua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe develop the categorical context for defining Hermitian non‐semisimple topological quantum field theories (TQFTs). We prove that relative Hermitian modular categories give rise to modified Hermitian Witten–Reshetikhin–Turaev TQFTs and provide numerous examples of these structures coming from the representation theory of quantum groups and quantum superalgebras. The Hermitian theory developed here for the modified Turaev–Viro TQFT is applied to define new pseudo‐Hermitian topological phases that can be considered as non‐semisimple analogs of Levin–Wen models.
Supplemental Material: Submarine hydrothermal fluids facilitated the accumulation of cadmium in Lower Cambrian black shales, South China
Authors: Zhou Zhengbing , Wen Hanjie , al. et 
Published: January 2024

<p>Data S1-1: Trace element concentrations of Early Cambrian metalliferous units. Data S1-2: Trace element concentrations of barren shales. Data S2: Elements concentrations of sphalerite of barite ores and Zn-Pb sulfide ores (in wt%). Figure S1: Stratigraphic sections of Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in platform, slope, and basin facies from the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Block (modified from Fu et al., 2016; Wang, 2017; Shi et al., 2021). Figure S2: The stratigraphic sections of the Liuchapo Formation and the Niutitang Formation, as revealed by drill cores in the Dahebian barite deposit. Figure S3: Total organic carbon (TOC) contents of Lower Cambrian metalliferous units (Ni-Mo–PGE sulfide layer—Xu et al., 2021; V-deposit—Xu et al., 2021; sulfide-bearing barite sediments—Yang et al., 2023). </p>
Upper limit on the acceleration of a quantum evolution in projective Hilbert space
Authors: Alsing Paul M. , Cafaro Carlo 
Published: January 2024

It is remarkable that Heisenberg’s position-momentum uncertainty relation leads to the existence of a maximal acceleration for a physical particle in the context of a geometric reformulation of quantum mechanics. It is also known that the maximal acceleration of a quantum particle is related to the magnitude of the speed of transportation in projective Hilbert space. In this paper, inspired by the study of geometric aspects of quantum evolution by means of the notions of curvature and torsion, we derive an upper bound for the rate of change of the speed of transportation in an arbitrary finite-dimensional projective Hilbert space. The evolution of the physical system being in a pure quantum state is assumed to be governed by an arbitrary time-varying Hermitian Hamiltonian operator. Our derivation, in analogy to the inequalities obtained by L. D. Landau in the theory of fluctuations by means of general commutation relations of quantum-mechanical origin, relies upon a generalization of Heisenberg’s uncertainty relation. We show that the acceleration squared of a quantum evolution in projective space is upper bounded by the variance of the temporal rate of change of the Hamiltonian operator. Moreover, focusing for illustrative purposes on the lower-dimensional case of a single spin qubit immersed in an arbitrarily time-varying magnetic field, we discuss the optimal geometric configuration of the magnetic field that yields maximal acceleration along with vanishing curvature and unit geodesic efficiency in projective Hilbert space. Finally, we comment on the consequences that our upper bound imposes on the limit at which one can perform fast manipulations of quantum systems to mitigate dissipative effects and/or obtain a target state in a shorter time.
Apresentação. Precarização do trabalho e fragilização da vida: desafios para a psicologia do trabalho na atualidade
Authors: Máximo Thaís Augusta Cunha de Oliveira , Barros Vanessa Andrade de 
Published: January 2024

Esta apresentação refere-se ao dossiê "Precarização do trabalho e fragilização da vida: desafios para a psicologia do trabalho na atualidade", que buscou, por meio da difusão desses artigos, colocar em pauta as transformações e a precarização do trabalho e sua relação com a vida de trabalhadores e trabalhadoras, interrogando e refletindo sobre a ofensiva do capital na atualidade dos mundos do trabalho e suas repercussões na saúde e subjetividade dos trabalhadores, alvo do avanço histórico de políticas neoliberais e do desmonte dos serviços e políticas sociais. Pretendemos também trazer reflexões sobre experiências e possibilidades de resistência como instrumentos políticos de fortalecimento da classe trabalhadora.
“Any Outsider Who Encroaches Will Be Put to Death”: Numbers 18:7 and its Interpretation in Second Temple Literature
Authors: Birenboim Hanan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In its biblical context, the injunction stipulating that “the outsider who encroaches shall be put to death” seems to apply to any non-priest or non-Levite who tries to participate in the tabernacle services. This interpretation seems to have been adopted during the Second Temple period, as attested to by the Temple Scroll (11QTa). There is no source that states that an unauthorized entrant to the temple is subject to capital punishment, except for a gentile: Philo and Josephus write that a gentile who enters the temple court is subject to the death penalty. Several scholars propose that this punishment derives from a reinterpretation of the biblical injunction, and it seems that this interpretation originated during the Hasmonean rebellion. The claim that Herod innovated the injunction subjecting a gentile who ascended beyond the balustrade to death is difficult to accept.
The International Organization for Migration as a Counterweight to States?
Authors: Ahouga Younes 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is commonly described as a functional intergovernmental organization (IGO) that performs tasks on behalf of Member States. However, recent changes within IOM suggest its transformation into a hybrid IGO that promotes widely shared norms and social goals. One facet of this transformation aims to constitute IOM as a counterweight to the Member States. Leveraging pressures to adapt to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Global Compact for Migration, IOM sought to increase its authority and autonomy by drafting the Strategic Vision. This article conducts a critical discourse analysis of the Strategic Vision to emphasize how it proclaimed the normative role of IOM; centralized its structure, funding, and organizational routines; and changed the expression of its expert and moral authority. The article demonstrates that functional IGO s do not refer to norms and social goals solely to secure legitimacy.
The Right to International Solidarity
Authors: Popovski Vesselin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article argues for the need to codify and implement a new human right—the right to international solidarity. Similar to the right to peace, the right to development, and the right to clean environment, such a new right would express the interconnectedness of peoples and generations in recognition of a shared agency and responsibility to cooperate with each other to address pressing global common challenges.
From Hucksters to Holy Men
Authors: Carter Caleb 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Men who roamed Japan’s mountains, conducting austerities for the benefit of themselves and others, have been historically viewed along an opposing set of extremes, ranging from wonderworkers, immortals, and other Buddhist ideal types to charlatans, social deviants, and subhumans. The ascetic’s ritual space—the mountains—functioned as a geographical other that could either arouse Buddhist awakening or strange, demonic forces. Against this extreme ambivalence toward mountains and mountain ascetics, organized religion offered a means to transcend the margins and find a secure place within society. After examining opposing depictions of medieval ascetics, this article explores an attempt within Shugendō to thoroughly remake their image. While the institutionalization of Shugendō has often been equated with spiritual decline, actors within Shugendō in fact sought to transform the body of the ascetic from an uncanny spectacle into a manifestation of the divine, thereby constructing a new identity for its practitioners.
Can We Flee the Plague? A Theological, Moral and Practical Issue in the Early Islamicate World
Authors: Pierre Simon V. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Early Islam witnessed several outbreaks of the first plague of Justinian (541–549 CE), until 132/749 when it disappeared as fast as it appeared. One of the main issues for societies confronted with such recurrent epidemics was to accept destiny and protect their lives and social organization while still assuming that contagion was speculative and that the disease came from the divine punishment of sinners. Based on the archetypal plague of ʿAmwās (Emmaus, 17–18/638–639), fleeing appears to have been considered as an act of disobedience to God’s will. In order to date these Islamic thoughts and traditions, we rely on Syriac and Greek similar considerations on the usefulness to escape an infested town or country or not, as reflected in Bar Penkāyē’s (fl. late first/seventh century) tragic depiction of the epidemic of 67/687. As the Islamic armies were confronted to major surges of pestilence during their campaigns and had to interpret them as a legitimate cause of martyrdom, while fleeing was considered desertion. Meanwhile, Anastasius Sinaita (d. ca. 80/700) tried to understand how Arabia could be protected from the mortality that cursed Palestine, and thus inferred that not all plagues were supernatural punishments.