bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exposome and basal cell carcinoma: a multicenter case–control study
Authors: Navarro‐Bielsa Alba , Gracia‐Cazaña Tamara , Almagro Manuel , De‐la‐Fuente‐Meira Sonia , Florez Ángeles , Yélamos Oriol , Montero‐Vilchez Trinidad , González‐Cruz Carlos , Diago Adrián , Abadías‐Granado Isabel , Fuentelsaz Victoria , Colmenero María , Bañuls Jose , Arias‐Santiago Salvador , Buendía‐Eisman Agustín , Almenara‐Blasco Manuel , Gil‐Pallares Pedro , Gilaberte Yolanda 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhile ultraviolet radiation (UVR) present in sunlight is recognized as the main etiological agent of skin cancer, the most frequent form of which is basal cell carcinoma (BCC), other exposome factors like pollution, diet, and lifestyle may also contribute. This study aimed to investigate the association of BCC and exposome‐related factors in the Spanish population.MethodsBCC cases (n = 119) and controls (n = 127) with no history of skin cancer were recruited between April 2020 and August 2022 by 13 dermatologists throughout Spain in this prospective multicenter case–control study.ResultsThe BCC group had a higher proportion of outdoor workers, more years of UVR exposure, and a greater consumption of drugs (statins, ASA, hydrochlorothiazide, ACE inhibitors and omeprazole), P < 0.05. Avoidance of sun exposure was the most used photoprotection measure in both groups. The use of hats or caps was higher in the BCC group (P = 0.01). The solar protection factor (SPF) used 15 years previously was higher in the control group (P = 0.04). The control group had a higher daily screen time (P < 0.001), and practiced more relaxation activities (P = 0.03). Higher linolenic acid intake and lower coffee consumption were the only dietary variables associated with BCC (P < 0.05). Statistical significance for all the aforementioned variables was maintained in the multivariate analysis (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe study found a significant association between BCC and multiple exposome‐related factors in addition to chronic sun exposure in the Spanish population. Primary prevention strategies should target specific populations, such as outdoor workers, promoting sun‐safe behaviors and stress‐reducing activities, and also adequate skin photoprotection in patients on certain medications associated with increased BCC risk.
Drug survival, effectiveness, and safety of brodalumab for moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis up to 3 years
Authors: Mastorino Luca , Dapavo Paolo , Burzi Lorenza , Rosset Francois , Giunipero di Corteranzo Isotta , Leo Francesco , Verrone Anna , Stroppiana Elena , Ortoncelli Michela , Ribero Simone , Quaglino Pietro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundBrodalumab is a monoclonal antibody and IL‐17 RA inhibitor that is approved for the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis. The present study aims to estimate the drug survival (DS), effectiveness, and safety of brodalumab over a period of 156 weeks.MethodsThe primary objectives were: (i) to determine the treatment response rate at Weeks 16, 28, 52, 78, 104, and 156 as defined by PASI100, PASI90, and an absolute PASI ≤ 3 and (ii) long‐term DS. Secondary objectives included the evaluation of possible predictive factors associated with the achievement of response outcomes, and possible predictive factors associated with lower DS.ResultsThe treatment response was rapid, with 80.3% of patients achieving PASI ≤ 3, 66% PASI90, and 54.3% the complete clearance of disease at Week 16. The response improved at Week 28, when a plateau was achieved with mild loss of response at later time points, in particular for PASI100 and PASI90 in 55.2 and 65.5% of patients, respectively, at Week 156. After 156 weeks of treatment, 66.22% of patients were still on therapy, and the previous use of IL‐17 inhibitors appeared to be associated with an increased risk of treatment discontinuation (HR: 2.51, CI: 1.06–5.98, P = 0.037), and achievement of PASI ≤ 3 until Week 16 with less risk (HR: 0.27 CI: 0.14–0.51, P < 0.001). Bio‐naïve status was favorably associated with treatment response, while high BMI negatively affected the achievement of outcomes.ConclusionOur study confirms the good effectiveness and favorable safety profile of brodalumab in a real‐world setting for up to 3 years of treatment.
Self‐initiated moves during the formal eviction process: Findings from Swedish Register Data
Authors: Nilsson Ida 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA large body of research has demonstrated that evictions affect already vulnerable groups and are linked to a number of adverse outcomes. However, prior findings largely rely on enforced evictions processed through the legal system and it has been suggested that such an approach might underestimate the number of evictions. Using comprehensive Swedish individual‐level register data from 2009 to 2012, this study extends prior literature by focusing on self‐initiated moves that occur during a formal eviction process but before an enforced removal. Results from explorative statistical analyses indicate that self‐initiated moves during the formal eviction process are four times more common compared with enforced evictions. Although self‐initiated moves typically affect the same disadvantaged groups as those facing enforced removals, those who self‐initiated their move were younger. Households with children were also found to be more common in that group compared with those faced with enforced removals. Implications for research, policy, and practice are discussed.
Effect of initial treatment with chemotherapy or surgery on wound complications in patients with advanced ovarian cancer: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Song Yuxia , Zhao Fang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThere has been controversy over the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy or surgery in the treatment of ovarian cancer. The purpose of this meta‐analysis is to assess the hazard evaluation of the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy over primary debulking surgery (PDS) on the incidence of wound infection in women with ovarian carcinoma. In this research, we looked at PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library to evaluate the impact of PDS and chemotherapy on the incidence of wound infections in women with ovarian cancer. Based on the keywords of ‘Ovary Cancer’, ‘Surgical’ and ‘Chemotherapy’, we looked up the data in the digital database, and at last, we selected six of them from 1453 studies. There was no time limitation in the studies. The meta‐analyses included studies that described the risk factors of wound infection in ovarian carcinoma patients, particularly those who reported OR value. The Chi‐square method was employed to perform statistical analysis of the inter‐study heterogeneity, with additional analyses dependent on I2. A sensitivity analysis was conducted, and a possible publication bias was evaluated. The findings suggest that there is a significant reduction in the rate of wound infections among patients with ovarian cancer treated with primary chemotherapy than with PDS (OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.79, 4.39, p < 0.0001). There was a significant reduction in the incidence of thrombus in patients with ovarian cancer who were treated with primary chemotherapy than in those who did have prior surgical intervention (OR, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.34, 5.74, p = 0.006). Our findings indicate that early chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients may lower their chances of developing wound infection.
Electret‐induced antibacterial response of Mg1‐xCaxSi1‐xZrxO3 (x = 0–0.4) bioceramics
Authors: Singh Priya , Dubey Ashutosh Kumar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe potential risk of bacteria‐induced prosthetic infection during implantation/post‐operative healing raises a serious concern about the success of implant/surgery. In this context, the present study successfully established the antibacterial efficacy of the electret form of Mg1‐xCaxSi1‐xZrxO3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 [MCSZO‐X]) bioceramics, toward both, Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with reference to those of hydroxyapatite (HAP). MCSZO‐X bioceramics were synthesized using a solid‐state route. The influence of Ca‐ and Zr co‐doping on the crystallite size of MCSZO‐X has been analyzed using X‐ray peak profile analyses. The electrets were developed by corona poling of sintered MCSZO‐X samples at voltage and temperature of 20 kV and 500°C (30 min), respectively. The charge, stored on the surface of MCSZO‐X electret samples was calculated to be 0.253, 0.294, 0.320, 0.173, and 0.161 µC/cm2 via thermally stimulated depolarized current measurement. The positive and negative ends of MCSZO‐ X electrets exhibited a reduction in the viability of E. coli bacteria by (24%, 25%, 30%, 43%, and 42%) and (29%, 37%, 39%, 51%, and 48%), respectively, in comparison to those of HAP. On the contrary, the viability of S. aureus bacteria has decreased by (26%, 33%, 35%, 46%, and 42%) and (21%, 22%, 27%, 395, and 37%) on the surfaces of the positive and negative ends of MCSZO‐ X electrets, respectively, with the reference of those of HAP. The mechanism of electret‐induced antibacterial activity has been revealed via various assays, such as catalase activity, superoxide production (SOD), , protein estimation, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) assays. The positive ends of MCSZO‐X electrets demonstrate antibacterial efficacy by means of more reactive oxygen species generation as compared to their negative ends of electrets and uncharged surfaces of MCSZO‐X samples, as revealed by SOD, protein estimation, catalase activity, and LPO assays. However, the negative ends of electrets prevent the adhesion of bacterial cells via electrostatic repulsion.
Production flexibility and trade credit under revenue uncertainty
Authors: Koussis Nicos , Silaghi Florina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn an uncertain economic environment, the ability of firms to adapt their production levels to unforeseen market demand is critical for their investment, financing and trade credit policies. This paper focuses on the impact of production flexibility on trade credit values and maturity in the presence of uncertain demand. We develop a continuous‐time real options framework where a buyer firm with capacity constraints orders input goods on credit from a supplier. The supplier optimally chooses the trade credit maturity, considering its influence on the buyer's optimal quantities and default timing. We distinguish between flexible firms, capable of suspending production during adverse conditions, and rigid firms, constrained to constant full‐scale production. Our findings reveal that production flexibility positively affects trade credit values and maturity. Flexible firms invest in larger capacity, default later and order larger quantities, resulting in higher trade credit values. Suppliers extend longer maturities to flexible firms, reflecting their higher creditworthiness and the positive effects of extended trade credit on their installed capacity. Furthermore, we explore extensions to our framework, including switching costs, entry timing, interactions between debt and trade credit and a non‐cooperative bargaining game.
Options trading and firm investment efficiency
Authors: Hsu Charles , Ke Junqiang , Ma Zhiming , Ruan Lufei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe examine the effect of options trading on an optioned firm's investment decisions. We find that active options trading improves an optioned firm's investment efficiency, and that this effect holds under several alternative empirical specifications and identification strategies, including fixed‐effects models, different matching methods, an instrumental variable approach, a Granger causality test and a quasi‐natural experiment based on the listing decisions of the options exchanges. This relation is mediated by two factors, namely, information asymmetry and uncertainty, consistent with the notion that options trading improves investment efficiency by providing information that facilitates external monitoring and managerial learning. The results of cross‐sectional analyses indicate that the effect of options trading on investment efficiency increases with firms’ tendency to overinvest or underinvest, and with managers’ risk‐taking and learning incentives. We also demonstrate that the effect of options markets on investment efficiency is distinct from the effect of stock markets. Overall, our findings suggest that options trading plays a nonnegligible role in improving an optioned firm's investment efficiency.
Slow conduction velocity predicts atrial fibrillation recurrence after radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Qi Dan , Guan Xiaonan , Liu Xiaoqing , Liu Lifeng , Liu Zheng , Zhang Jianjun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the progression of electrophysiological phenomena in atrial fibrillation (AF) and elucidate the association between the left atrial conduction velocity (LACV) and AF recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation.MethodsA total of 188 AF patients (121 paroxysmal AF and 67 persistent AF) who underwent PVI for the first time were enrolled in this prospective study. The left atrium was mapped using a 20‐pole electrode catheter combined with the CARTO3 system. The conduction distances and conduction times of the left atrium from the Bachmann bundle area to the mitral isthmus were calculated. Anterior, posterior, and septal LACV were calculated as conduction distance divided by conduction time.ResultsThe anterior, posterior, and septal LACVs in the AF recurrence group were slower than those in the nonrecurrence group (anterior: 0.807 [0.766, 0.848] and 1.048 [1.000, 1.093] m/s, p < .05; posterior: 1.037 [0.991, 1.084] vs. 1.315 [1.249, 1.380] m/s, p < .05; septal: 0.904 [0.862, 0.946] vs. 1.163 [1.107, 1.219] m/s, p < .05). The best cut‐off value of anterior LACV for predicting AF recurrence was 0.887 m/s (sensitivity 73.9% and specificity 76.5%). Multivariate analysis showed slow anterior LACV <0.887 m/s was an independent predictor of AF recurrence with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.42 (1.04, 1.94).ConclusionsSlowing conduction velocity is a predictor of AF recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation.
Multi‐omics analysis identifies potential microbial and metabolite diagnostic biomarkers of bacterial vaginosis
Authors: Challa A. , Maras J. S. , Nagpal S. , Tripathi G. , Taneja B. , Kachhawa G. , Sood S. , Dhawan B. , Acharya P. , Upadhyay A. D. , Yadav M. , Sharma R. , Bajpai M. , Gupta S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundBacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common clinical manifestation of a perturbed vaginal ecology associated with adverse sexual and reproductive health outcomes if left untreated. The existing diagnostic modalities are either cumbersome or require skilled expertise, warranting alternate tests. Application of machine‐learning tools to heterogeneous and high‐dimensional multi‐omics datasets finds promising potential in data integration and may aid biomarker discovery.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to evaluate the potential of the microbiome and metabolome‐derived biomarkers in BV diagnosis. Interpretable machine‐learning algorithms were used to evaluate the utility of an integrated‐omics‐derived classification model.MethodsVaginal samples obtained from reproductive‐age group women with (n = 40) and without BV (n = 40) were subjected to 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and LC–MS‐based metabolomics. The vaginal microbiome and metabolome were characterized, and machine‐learning analysis was performed to build a classification model using biomarkers with the highest diagnostic accuracy.ResultsMicrobiome‐based diagnostic model exhibited a ROC‐AUC (10‐fold CV) of 0.84 ± 0.21 and accuracy of 0.79 ± 0.18, and important features were Aerococcus spp., Mycoplasma hominis, Sneathia spp., Lactobacillus spp., Prevotella spp., Gardnerella spp. and Fannyhessea vaginae. The metabolome‐derived model displayed superior performance with a ROC‐AUC of 0.97 ± 0.07 and an accuracy of 0.92 ± 0.08. Beta‐leucine, methylimidazole acetaldehyde, dimethylethanolamine, L‐arginine and beta cortol were among key predictive metabolites for BV. A predictive model combining both microbial and metabolite features exhibited a high ROC‐AUC of 0.97 ± 0.07 and accuracy of 0.94 ± 0.08 with diagnostic performance only slightly superior to the metabolite‐based model.ConclusionApplication of machine‐learning tools to multi‐omics datasets aid biomarker discovery with high predictive performance. Metabolome‐derived classification models were observed to have superior diagnostic performance in predicting BV than microbiome‐based biomarkers.
Correlates of death anxiety for patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Dong Wanglin , Tang Haishan , Guo Xiajun , Wu Sijia , Lu Guangli , Li Xia , Chen Chaoran 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveA systematic review and meta‐analysis was performed to identify the factors related to cancer death anxiety based on available evidence.DesignThis systematic review and meta‐analysis followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines.MethodsSeven databases were searched to identify studies on the relationships of cancer death anxiety with demographic characteristics, disease factors and psychosocial factors from inception to May 2023. The Agency for Medical Research and Quality (AHRQ) scale was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. After two researchers independently completed the literature search, data extraction and quality evaluation, meta‐analysis was conducted by using RevMan5.3 and Stata 17.0 software.ResultsIn total, 52 studies were included in this review. The results revealed that there were positive correlations of death anxiety with female sex, the symptom burden, anxiety levels, depression levels, fear of recurrence, attachment avoidance, psychological distress, resignation and confrontation coping. Death anxiety was negatively correlated with age, education level, ability to perform daily activities, self‐esteem, spiritual well‐being, sense of meaning in life, resilience, quality of life, social support and religious beliefs.ConclusionsOur results can inform the design of interventions to address death anxiety and improve the overall quality of life of cancer patients. Healthcare professionals should promptly identify and focus on death anxiety in high‐risk populations of cancer patients.Relevance to Clinical PracticeCancer patients commonly experience death anxiety, and this anxiety has a nonnegligible impact on patients' mental health and overall quality of life. This study can inform the development of interventions by clinical healthcare professionals.No Patient or Public ContributionThis was a meta‐analysis based on data from previous studies.
Hypoglycaemic confidence levels and experiences related to the hypoglycaemia of patients with diabetes: A mixed methods study
Authors: Sönmez Sari Ebru , Semerci Çakmak Vahide , Çetinkaya Özdemir Serap , Eşsiz Sefer Betül 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsThis study had three aims: to determine the hypoglycaemic confidence levels of participants, to identify factors affecting hypoglycaemic confidence levels of participants and to assess experiences related to hypoglycaemia of participants.DesignThe explanatory–sequential–mixed method was used in this study.MethodsThe quantitative stage included a sample of 177 people, and the qualitative stage included a sample of 18 people. Data of the study were collected between April and June 2023 with the Hypoglycemic Confidence Level Scale, Personal Information Form and Semi‐Structured Interview Form. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t‐test, one‐way ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis were used for quantitative data analysis. For the qualitative data analysis, content analysis was performed in the MaxQda program.ResultsThe scale items are scored between 1 and 4, and an increase in the score obtained from the scale indicates an increase in confidence levels. The mean hypoglycaemic confidence level score of the participants was 3. The data obtained in the qualitative stage were grouped under three main themes: Experiences Related to Hypoglycaemia, Reasons for Experiencing Hypoglycaemia and Managing Hypoglycaemia.ConclusionIdentifying hypoglycaemic confidence levels and hypoglycaemia experiences of patients with diabetes can guide health professionals, especially nurses, in promoting person‐centred care interventions.ImpactThe study discussed the hypoglycaemic confidence levels of diabetic patients and their experiences related to hypoglycaemia. The factors affecting the hypoglycaemic confidence level of the participants were educational status, income status, fear of experiencing hypoglycaemia, ability to self‐administer insulin, receiving hypoglycaemia training and frequency of experiencing hypoglycaemia. The results of this study may provide guidance for the development of appropriate prevention and coping strategies for hypoglycaemia. Identifying the experiences of patients with diabetes with hypoglycaemia can guide health professionals, especially nurses, in promoting person‐centred care interventions.Reporting MethodThe Good Reporting of a Mixed Methods Study (GRAMMS) checklist was used for reporting.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Gender differences in Russian adolescent mental health from 1999 to 2021
Authors: Privodnova Evgeniya Yu , Semenova Nadezhda B. , Kornienko Olga S. , Varshal Aleksandra V. , Slobodskaya Helena R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study examined secular trends in Russian adolescent mental health, the specific effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic, and associations with country‐level indicators. A cross‐sectional survey of 12,882 adolescents aged 11–18 years was carried out between 1999 and 2021 using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. The results showed an incline in girls' internalizing problems with a two‐fold increase in the gender gap. There was a decline in girls' prosocial behavior and an incline in peer problems, with decreasing gender differences. Conduct problems showed a reversal of gender differences. Changes during the pandemic were not greater than over‐time changes, with the exception of inclines in hyperactivity‐inattention in both genders. Time trends in adolescent mental health were associated with over‐time changes in national indicators of wealth and gender equality. The findings provide a strong basis for further research into the determinants of gender differences in adolescent mental health and for gender‐specific interventions.
Short‐term and long‐term phenotypic stability of actigraphic sleep metrics involving repeated sleep loss and recovery
Authors: Pasetes Lauren N. , Goel Namni 
Published: January 2024

SummaryFor the first time, we determined whether actigraphic‐assessed sleep measures show inter‐individual differences and intra‐individual stability during baseline (BL) and recovery (REC) phases surrounding repeated total sleep deprivation (TSD). We conducted a 5‐day experiment at Months 2 and 4 in two separate studies (N = 11). During each experiment, sleep measures were collected via wrist actigraphy during two BL 8 h time‐in‐bed (TIB) nights (B1, B2) and during two REC 8–10 h TIB nights (R1, R2). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) assessed actigraphic measure long‐term stability between 2 and 4 months for (1) the pre‐experimental phase before BL; and (2) the BL (B1 + B2), REC (R1 + R2), and BL and REC average (BL + REC) phases; and short‐term stability at Month 2 and at Month 4; and (3) between B1 versus B2 and R1 versus R2 in each 5‐day experiment. Nearly all ICCs during the pre‐experimental, BL, REC, and BL + REC phases were moderate to almost perfect (0.446–0.970) between Months 2 and 4. B1 versus B2 ICCs were more stable (0.440–0.899) than almost all R1 versus R2 ICCs (−0.696 to 0.588) at Month 2 and 4. Actigraphic sleep measures show phenotypic long‐term stability during BL and REC surrounding repeated TSD between 2 and 4 months. Furthermore, within each 5‐day experiment at Month 2 and 4, the two BL nights before TSD were more stable than the two REC nights following TSD, likely due to increased R1 homeostatic pressure. Given the consistency of actigraphic measures across the short‐term and long‐term, they can serve as biomarkers to predict physiological and neurobehavioral responses to sleep loss.