bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of multiple linear regression models for predicting total hip arthroplasty acetabular prosthesis
Authors: Zou Ze-hui , Liu Xu-qiang , Li Wei-hua , Zhou Xin-tao , Li Xiao-feng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To establish a multivariate linear equation to predict the diameter (outer diameter) of the acetabular prosthesis used in total hip arthroplasty.

Methods
A cohort of 258 individuals who underwent THA at our medical facility were included in this study. The independent variables encompassed the patients' height, weight, foot length, gender, age, and surgical access. The dependent variable in this study was the diameter of the acetabular prosthesis utilized during the surgical procedure. The entire cohort dataset was randomly partitioned into a training cohort and a validation cohort, with a ratio of 7:3, employing the SPSS 26.0 software. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between the patients' height, weight, foot length, gender, age, surgical access, and the diameter of the acetabular prosthesis in the training cohort. Additionally, a multiple linear regression equation was developed using the independent variables from the training cohort and the diameter of the acetabular prosthesis as the dependent variable. This equation aimed to predict the diameter of the acetabular prosthesis based on the patients' characteristics. The accuracy of the equation was evaluated by substituting the data of the validation cohort into the multiple linear equation. The predicted acetabular prosthesis diameters were then compared with the actual diameters used in the operation.

Results
The correlation analysis conducted on the training cohort revealed that surgical access (r = 0.054) and age (r = −0.120) exhibited no significant correlation with the diameter of the acetabular prosthesis utilized during the intraoperative procedure. Conversely, height (r = 0.687), weight (r = 0.654), foot length (r = 0.687), and sex (r = 0.354) demonstrated a significant correlation with the diameter of the acetabular prosthesis used intraoperatively. Furthermore, a predictive equation, denoted as Y (acetabular prosthesis diameter in mm) = 20.592 + 0.548 × foot length (cm) + 0.083 × height (cm) + 0.077 × weight (kg), was derived. This equation accurately predicted the diameter within one size with an accuracy rate of 64.94% and within two sizes with an accuracy rate of 94.81%.

Conclusion
Anthropometric data can accurately predict the diameter of acetabular prosthesis during total hip arthroplasty.
An exploration of the Indonesian lay mental health workers’ (cadres) experiences in performing their roles in community mental health services: a qualitative study
Authors: Susanti Herni , Brooks Helen , Yulia Ice , Windarwati Heni D. , Yuliastuti Estin , Hasniah Hasniah , Keliat Budi A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Volunteers trained to support community mental health programs in Indonesia are known as ‘mental health cadres.’ These are lay people trained to provide basic support for people with mental illness in their local communities. The role of cadres in community mental health services is to provide health promotion activities and support for people with mental illness, such as home visits and family assistance. Their contribution can potentially address the challenges health services currently face in remote and resource-limited settings. However, little is currently known about implementing this form of the lay workforce and the experiences of mental health cadres in Indonesia in particular. This study aimed to explore the experience of cadres when performing their roles in community mental health services in Indonesia from the cadres’ perspective.

Methods
The study employed a descriptive qualitative design. Purposive sampling was employed to recruit cadres with at least one year of experience handling those diagnosed with schizophrenia across four geographical areas in Java and Sumatra, Indonesia. Data were collected utilising focus groups undertaken between July and November 2020. Due to COVID-19 restrictions, eight focus group sessions for mental health cadres were carried out virtually via Zoom and non-virtual, facilitated by local moderators. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
The study involved 71 cadres in four regions: Aceh, Jakarta, West Java and East Java. The majority of participants were looking after their families with a minimum of high school-level qualifications. Four themes were interpreted from the data: (1) Motivation for volunteering, (2) The role of cadres in supporting mental health services, (3) Training and support needs in carrying out cadre roles, and (4) Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of cadre roles in local communities.

Conclusions
Cadres reported a motivation to help people improve their mental health and reduce the stigma associated with mental illness. Cadres also contributed to secondary and primary prevention of mental illness with some limitations. This study’s results are relevant to those wishing to understand and optimise the implementation of lay workforces in resource-limited settings.
PLAU promotes growth and attenuates cisplatin chemosensitivity in ARID1A-depleted non-small cell lung cancer through interaction with TM4SF1
Authors: Zheng Yuanliang , Zhang Lixiang , Zhang Kangliang , Wu Shenghao , Wang Chichao , Huang Risheng , Liao Hongli 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLoss of ARID1A, a subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, contributes to malignant progression in multiple cancers including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the search for key genes mediating the aggressive phenotype caused by ARID1A loss, we analyzed 3 Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets that contain RNA sequencing data from ARID1A-depleted cancer cells. PLAU was identified as a common gene that was induced in different cancer cells upon ARID1A depletion. Overexpression of PLAU positively modulated NSCLC cell growth, colony formation, cisplatin resistance, and survival under serum deprivation. Moreover, enforced expression of PLAU enhanced tumorigenesis of NSCLC cells in nude mice. Mechanistically, PLAU interacted with TM4SF1 to promote the activation of Akt signaling. TM4SF1-overexpressing NSCLC cells resembled those with PLAU overepxression. Knockdown of TM4SF1 inhibited the growth and survival and increased cisplatin sensitivity in NSCLC cells. The interaction between PLAU and TM4SF1 led to the activation of Akt signaling that endowed ARID1A-depleted NSCLC cells with aggressive properties. In addition, treatment with anti-TM4SF1 neutralizing antibody reduced the growth, cisplatin resistance, and tumorigenesis of ARID1A-depleted NSCLC cells. Taken together, PLAU serves as a target gene of ARID1A and promotes NSCLC growth, survival, and cisplatin resistance by stabilizing TM4SF1. Targeting TM4SF1 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for ARID1A-mutated NSCLC.
Statistical analysis plan for a cluster randomised controlled trial to compare screening, feedback and intervention for child anxiety problems to usual school practice: identifying Child Anxiety Through Schools-identification to intervention (iCATS-i2i)
Authors: Ball Susan , Reardon Tessa , Creswell Cathy , Taylor Lucy , Brown Paul , Ford Tamsin , Gray Alastair , Hill Claire , Jasper Bec , Larkin Michael , Macdonald Ian , Morgan Fran , Pollard Jack , Sancho Michelle , Sniehotta Falko F. , Spence Susan H. , Stainer Jason , Stallard Paul , Violato Mara , Ukoumunne Obioha C. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The Identifying Child Anxiety Through Schools-identification to intervention (iCATS-i2i) trial is being conducted to establish whether ‘screening and intervention’, consisting of usual school practice plus a pathway comprising screening, feedback and a brief parent-led online intervention (OSI: Online Support and Intervention for child anxiety), bring clinical and health economic benefits compared to usual school practice and assessment only — ‘usual school practice’, for children aged 8–9 years in the following: (1) the ‘target population’, who initially screen positive for anxiety problems according to a two-item parent-report child anxiety questionnaire — iCATS-2, and (2) the ‘total population’, comprising all children in participating classes. This article describes the detailed statistical analysis plan for the trial.

Methods and design
iCATS-i2i is a definitive, superiority, pragmatic, school-based cluster randomised controlled trial (with internal pilot), with two parallel groups. Schools are randomised 1:1 to receive either screening and intervention or usual school practice. This article describes the following: trial objectives and outcomes; statistical analysis principles, including detailed estimand information necessary for aligning trial objectives, conduct, analyses and interpretation when there are different analysis populations and outcome measures to be considered; and planned main analyses, sensitivity and additional analyses.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov ISRCTN76119074. Registered on 4 January 2022
Intratumoral and peritumoral CT radiomics in predicting prognosis in patients with chondrosarcoma: a multicenter study
Authors: Li Qiyuan , Wang Ning , Wang Yanmei , Li Xiaoli , Su Qiushi , Zhang Jing , Zhao Xia , Dai Zhengjun , Wang Yao , Sun Li , Xing Xuxiao , Yang Guangjie , Gao Chuanping , Nie Pei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the efficacy of the CT-based intratumoral, peritumoral, and combined radiomics signatures in predicting progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with chondrosarcoma (CS).

Methods
In this study, patients diagnosed with CS between January 2009 and January 2022 were retrospectively screened, and 214 patients with CS from two centers were respectively enrolled into the training cohorts (institution 1, n = 113) and test cohorts (institution 2, n = 101). The intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features were extracted from CT images. The intratumoral, peritumoral, and combined radiomics signatures were constructed respectively, and their radiomics scores (Rad-score) were calculated. The performance of intratumoral, peritumoral, and combined radiomics signatures in PFS prediction in patients with CS was evaluated by C-index, time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (time-AUC), and time-dependent C-index (time C-index).

Results
Eleven, 7, and 16 features were used to construct the intratumoral, peritumoral, and combined radiomics signatures, respectively. The combined radiomics signature showed the best prediction ability in the training cohort (C-index, 0.835; 95%; confidence interval [CI], 0.764–0.905) and the test cohort (C-index, 0.800; 95% CI, 0.681–0.920). Time-AUC and time C-index showed that the combined signature outperformed the intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics signatures in the prediction of PFS.

Conclusion
The CT-based combined signature incorporating intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features can predict PFS in patients with CS, which might assist clinicians in selecting individualized surveillance and treatment plans for CS patients.

Critical relevance statement
Develop and validate CT-based intratumoral, peritumoral, and combined radiomics signatures to evaluate the efficacy in predicting prognosis of patients with CS.

Key points
• Reliable prognostic models for preoperative chondrosarcoma are lacking.
• Combined radiomics signature incorporating intratumoral and peritumoral features can predict progression-free survival in patients with chondrosarcoma.
• Combined radiomics signature may facilitate individualized stratification and management of patients with chondrosarcoma.

Graphical Abstract
Performance of dual-layer spectrum CT virtual monoenergetic images to assess early rectal adenocarcinoma T-stage: comparison with MR
Authors: Jia Ziqi , Guo Lei , Yuan WenJing , Dai JianHao , Lu JianYe , Li ZhiQiang , Du Xiaohua , Chen Weicui , Liu Xian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the image quality and utility of virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) of dual-layer spectrum computed tomography (DLSCT) in assessing preoperative T-stage for early rectal adenocarcinoma (ERA).

Methods
This retrospective study included 67 ERA patients (mean age 62 ± 11.1 years) who underwent DLSCT and MR examination. VMI 40–200 keV and poly energetic image (PEI) were reconstructed. The image noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and tumor contrast of different energy levels were calculated and compared, respectively. Two radiologists independently assess the image quality of the VMIs and PEI using 5-point scales. The diagnostic accuracies of DLSCT and HR-MRI for ERA T-staging were evaluated and compared.

Results
The maximum noise was observed at VMI 40 keV, and noise at VMI 40–200 keV in the arterial and venous phases showed no significant difference (all p > 0.05). The highest SNR and CNR were obtained at VMI 40 keV, significantly greater than other energy levels and PEI (all p < 0.05). Tumor contrast was more evident than PEI at 40–100 keV in the arterial phase and at 40 keV in the venous phase (all p < 0.05). When compared with PEI, VMI 40 keV yielded the highest scores for overall image quality, tumor visibility, and tumor margin delineation, especially in the venous phase (p < 0.05). The overall diagnostic accuracy of DLSCT and HR-MRI for T-stage was 65.67 and 71.64% and showed no significant difference (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
VMI 40 keV improves image quality and accuracy in identifying lesions, providing better diagnostic information for ERA staging.

Critical relevance statement
Low-keV VMI from DLSCT can improve tumor staging accuracy for early rectal carcinoma, helping guide surgical intervention decisions, and has shed new light on the potential breakthroughs of assessing preoperative T-stage in RC.

Keypoints
• Compared with PEI, low-keV VIM derived from DLSCT, particularly at the 40 keV, significantly enhanced the objective and subjective image quality of ERA.
• Using VMI 40 keV helped increase lesion detectability, leading to improved diagnostic accuracy for ERA.
• Low-keV VMI from DLSCT has shed new light on the potential breakthroughs of assessing preoperative T-stage in RC.

Graphical Abstract
A framework to integrate artificial intelligence training into radiology residency programs: preparing the future radiologist
Authors: van Kooten Maria Jorina , Tan Can Ozan , Hofmeijer Elfi Inez Saïda , van Ooijen Peter Martinus Adrianus , Noordzij Walter , Lamers Maria Jolanda , Kwee Thomas Christian , Vliegenthart Rozemarijn , Yakar Derya 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To present a framework to develop and implement a fast-track artificial intelligence (AI) curriculum into an existing radiology residency program, with the potential to prepare a new generation of AI conscious radiologists.

Methods
The AI-curriculum framework comprises five sequential steps: (1) forming a team of AI experts, (2) assessing the residents’ knowledge level and needs, (3) defining learning objectives, (4) matching these objectives with effective teaching strategies, and finally (5) implementing and evaluating the pilot. Following these steps, a multidisciplinary team of AI engineers, radiologists, and radiology residents designed a 3-day program, including didactic lectures, hands-on laboratory sessions, and group discussions with experts to enhance AI understanding. Pre- and post-curriculum surveys were conducted to assess participants’ expectations and progress and were analyzed using a Wilcoxon rank-sum test.

Results
There was 100% response rate to the pre- and post-curriculum survey (17 and 12 respondents, respectively). Participants’ confidence in their knowledge and understanding of AI in radiology significantly increased after completing the program (pre-curriculum means 3.25 ± 1.48 (SD), post-curriculum means 6.5 ± 0.90 (SD), p-value = 0.002). A total of 75% confirmed that the course addressed topics that were applicable to their work in radiology. Lectures on the fundamentals of AI and group discussions with experts were deemed most useful.

Conclusion
Designing an AI curriculum for radiology residents and implementing it into a radiology residency program is feasible using the framework presented. The 3-day AI curriculum effectively increased participants’ perception of knowledge and skills about AI in radiology and can serve as a starting point for further customization.

Critical relevance statement
The framework provides guidance for developing and implementing an AI curriculum in radiology residency programs, educating residents on the application of AI in radiology and ultimately contributing to future high-quality, safe, and effective patient care.

Key points
• AI education is necessary to prepare a new generation of AI-conscious radiologists.
• The AI curriculum increased participants’ perception of AI knowledge and skills in radiology.
• This five-step framework can assist integrating AI education into radiology residency programs.

Graphical Abstract
Translating radiological research into practice—from discovery to clinical impact
Authors: Smits Marion , Rockall Andrea , Constantinescu Stefan N. , Sardanelli Francesco , Martí-Bonmatí Luis 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAt the European Society of Radiology (ESR), we strive to provide evidence for radiological practices that improve patient outcomes and have a societal impact. Successful translation of radiological research into clinical practice requires multiple factors including tailored methodology, a multidisciplinary approach aiming beyond technical validation, and a focus on unmet clinical needs. Low levels of evidence are a threat to radiology, resulting in low visibility and credibility. Here, we provide the background and rationale for the thematic series Translating radiological research into practice—from discovery to clinical impact, inviting authors to describe their processes of achieving clinically impactful radiological research. We describe the challenges unique to radiological research. Additionally, a survey was sent to non-radiological clinical societies. The majority of respondents (6/11) were in the field of gastrointestinal/abdominal medicine. The implementation of CT/MRI techniques for disease characterisation, detection and staging of cancer, and treatment planning and radiological interventions were mentioned as the most important radiological developments in the past years. The perception was that patients are substantially unaware of the impact of these developments. Unmet clinical needs were mostly early diagnosis and staging of cancer, microstructural/functional assessment of tissues and organs, and implant assessment. All but one respondent considered radiology important for research in their discipline, but five indicated that radiology is currently not involved in their research. Radiology research holds the potential for being transformative to medical practice. It is our responsibility to take the lead in studies including radiology and strive towards the highest levels of evidence.Critical relevance statement For radiological research to make a clinical and societal impact, radiologists should take the lead in radiological studies, go beyond the assessment of technical feasibility and diagnostic accuracy, and—in a multidisciplinary approach—address clinical unmet needs.Key points• Multiple factors are essential for radiological research to make a clinical and societal impact.• Radiological research needs to go beyond diagnostic accuracy and address unmet clinical needs.• Radiologists should take the lead in radiological studies with a multidisciplinary approach.
Graphical Abstract
MRI characteristics of chemotherapy-related central neurotoxicity: a pictorial review
Authors: Isaac Mina F. G. , Alkhatib Rugaiyah , Ho Chi Long 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe relentless advancement of chemotherapeutic agents has enhanced survival rates among cancer patients. However, this success comes with an increased prevalence of chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity, which often mimics the symptoms of metastatic disease or paraneoplastic syndromes and poses a diagnostic challenge for clinicians. Imaging, particularly MRI, plays a pivotal role in unraveling this conundrum.This comprehensive review explores the MRI patterns associated with central neurotoxicities induced by various chemotherapeutic agents. Our objective is to provide radiologists and clinicians with illustrative diagrams that offer a structured approach to diagnosing these conditions. By enhancing the understanding of these distinctive MRI patterns, we aim to facilitate accurate and timely diagnosis, ultimately improving patient care in the context of evolving cancer treatments.Critical relevance statementThis article describes the essential role of MRI in identifying distinct patterns of chemotherapy-induced central neurotoxicity, enabling early diagnosis and improved patient care within the field of clinical radiology.Key points• Chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity is a growing concern for cancer patients, and MRI is a key tool in diagnosis.• This review highlights distinctive MRI patterns associated with various chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicities.• Understanding these patterns improves patient care, ensuring timely intervention and accurate diagnosis in the complex world of cancer treatment.
Graphical Abstract
Human intestinal organoid-derived PDGFRα + mesenchymal stroma enables proliferation and maintenance of LGR4 + epithelial stem cells
Authors: Chen JunLong , Horiuchi Shinichiro , Kuramochi So , Kawasaki Tomoyuki , Kawasumi Hayato , Akiyama Saeko , Arai Tomoki , Morinaga Kenichi , Kimura Tohru , Kiyono Tohru , Akutsu Hidenori , Ishida Seiichi , Umezawa Akihiro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Intestinal epithelial cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are generally maintained and cultured as organoids in vitro because they do not exhibit adhesion when cultured. However, the three-dimensional structure of organoids makes their use in regenerative medicine and drug discovery difficult. Mesenchymal stromal cells are found near intestinal stem cells in vivo and provide trophic factors to regulate stem cell maintenance and proliferation, such as BMP inhibitors, WNT, and R-spondin. In this study, we aimed to use mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from hPSC-derived intestinal organoids to establish an in vitro culture system that enables stable proliferation and maintenance of hPSC-derived intestinal epithelial cells in adhesion culture.

Methods
We established an isolation protocol for intestinal epithelial cells and mesenchymal stromal cells from hPSCs-derived intestinal organoids and a co-culture system for these cells. We then evaluated the intestinal epithelial cells and mesenchymal stromal cells' morphology, proliferative capacity, chromosomal stability, tumorigenicity, and gene expression profiles. We also evaluated the usefulness of the cells for pharmacokinetic and toxicity studies.

Results
The proliferating intestinal epithelial cells exhibited a columnar form, microvilli and glycocalyx formation, cell polarity, and expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. The intestinal epithelial cells also showed barrier function, transporter activity, and drug-metabolizing capacity. Notably, small intestinal epithelial stem cells cannot be cultured in adherent culture without mesenchymal stromal cells and cannot replaced by other feeder cells. Organoid-derived mesenchymal stromal cells resemble the trophocytes essential for maintaining small intestinal epithelial stem cells and play a crucial role in adherent culture.

Conclusions
The high proliferative expansion, productivity, and functionality of hPSC-derived intestinal epithelial cells may have potential applications in pharmacokinetic and toxicity studies and regenerative medicine.