bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An exploration of the relationship between loneliness, the severity of eating disorder‐related symptoms and the experience of the ‘anorexic voice’
Authors: Marffy Mary‐Jane , Fox John , Williams Marc 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesMany individuals with eating disorders (EDs) report the experience of an ‘Anorexic voice’ (AV). Negative experiences of loneliness are also often associated with EDs. This study sought to explore the relationship between experiences of loneliness, the frequency of the AV and the impact of this on ED symptom severity.Design165 individuals (mean age 27.54 years) who accessed online forums relating to EDs participated in this study. The sample included individuals who have experienced an AV [AV group (N  = 141)] and those who have not [non‐AV group (N  = 23)].MethodsThe study utilised self‐report measures via an online questionnaire to explore the predictive validity of loneliness and frequency of the AV on ED symptom severity.ResultsConfirmatory analysis (AV group only) demonstrated the significance of the independent variables individually predicting ED symptom severity. However, a significant interaction was not found between the two primary variables in predicting ED symptom severity, more significantly than the influence of either variable alone. Exploratory analysis considered the differences between the two groups (AV and Non‐AV), as well as considering alternate predictors.ConclusionsThe findings offer insight into possible drivers behind engagement with the AV, as part of ED presentations in the community.
Effort discounts reward‐based control allocation: A neurodynamic perspective
Authors: Zheng Ya , Zhang Mang , Wu Menglin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe amount of cognitive and neural resources allocated to a task is largely determined by the reward we can expect. However, it remains under‐appreciated how this reward‐expectation‐based control allocation is modulated by effort expenditure. The present event‐related potential study investigated this issue through the lens of neural dynamics. Thirty‐four participants completed an effort‐based monetary incentive delay task while their EEG was recorded. Effort demand was manipulated by adding no (low effort) or much (high effort) noise to the target. Behaviorally, participants exhibited reward‐related speeding regardless of effort expenditure, as revealed by faster RTs for reward than neutral trials. Our ERP results demonstrated a widespread facilitatory influence of reward expectation on neural dynamics extending from cue evaluation as indexed by the cue‐P3, to control preparation as indexed by the contingent negative variation (CNV), and finally to control engagement as indexed by the target‐P3. Critically, the neural facilitation was discounted by effort expenditure during both the control‐preparation and control‐engagement stages instead of the cue‐evaluation stage. Overall, this study provides neurodynamic evidence that control allocation is determined by reward and effort via a cost–benefit analysis.
The ethical pathway of individuals with stroke—A follow‐up study
Authors: Sunna Rannikko , Riitta Suhonen , Miko Pasanen , Helena Leino‐Kilpi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimTo analyse the ethical pathway as perceived by individuals with stroke (IwS) in the first three post‐stroke months. In the novel concept of ethical pathway, dignity, privacy, and autonomy are considered as dimensions of the ethical pathway while the pathway illustrates their potential change in the post‐stroke time. Furthermore, the focus of interest was on whether the perceived realisation of values is associated with the life situational factors of symptoms diminishing functioning, social environment, and self‐empowerment.Methodological Design and JustificationA follow‐up study with a descriptive correlational design was used to capture the changes in the perceived realisation of values.Ethical Issues and ApprovalThe study followed the ethical principles of research involving human participants. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the university and one of the university hospitals following national standards. Permission to conduct the study was obtained from the university hospitals.Research Methods and InstrumentData were collected from IwS after the onset of stroke and 3 months post‐stroke with the Ethical Pathway of Individuals with Stroke instrument and background questions and were analysed statistically.ResultsThirty‐six participants completed the questionnaire at both measurement points. Wide variety in the ethical pathway was detected. IwS' perceived dignity decreased and autonomy increased. Privacy did not change significantly. Of the life situational factors, IwS perceived less symptoms diminishing functioning and stronger self‐empowerment while social environment was perceived as rather stable. Only one association was detected between the dimensions of the ethical pathway and life situational factors: autonomy had a low negative correlation with social environment of health care professionals.Conclusions and Study LimitationsThe results provide preliminary evidence of the dynamic nature of the ethical pathway. The ethical pathway was incompletely realised for most participants and requires special attention and improvement in health care. The sample size is small and the results are therefore not generalisable.
Extended maternity leave and children's long‐term development
Authors: Behaghel Luc , Pinto Maria Florencia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCountries around the world are increasingly expanding legal maternity leaves, with the dual objective of protecting mothers' jobs during their recovery after childbirth and enhancing child development. Using exhaustive census data, we find that a three‐year paid leave in France had zero average effects on children's long‐term schooling achievement, and no detectable impact heterogeneity. The lack of positive effects on children adds to the case against a policy that has strong adverse effects on mothers' careers.
Investigation of Rear Blisk Drum Dynamics Under Consideration of Multi-Stage Coupling
Authors: Gambitta Marco , Beirow Bernd , Klauke Thomas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The analysis of the structural dynamics of multistage cyclic structures as linked components is required to model the interstage coupling. In turbomachinery, this can result in a collaboration between different compressor or turbine stages. This paper investigates the coupling between two rear drum blade integrated disk stages of an axial compressor to support the mechanical design process. Considering the vibration modeshapes of a multistage system, different components may coparticipate in the dynamics. For this reason, criteria to identify the modes affected by the coupling and to quantify this coupling are defined. This allows to distinguish between modes with interstage coupling, requiring the multistage system for their description, and uncoupled modes, involving a single stage. In addition, it is of interest to research methods to reduce the impact of the coupling on the vibrating system without drastically altering the geometry of the components. The vibration analyses of a two-stage compressor generalized geometry, representative of a compressor rear drum blisk, are presented as a study case. The use of a reducing method allows to describe the behavior of the nominal multistage system with a computationally efficient technique, enabling a parametric analysis of the stages' coupling. The investigation considers the effect of a set of geometrical and mechanical parameters on the dynamics, identifying the driving parameters of the coupled vibration characteristics.
Improved Wear Profile Modeling of Planetary Roller Screw Mechanism With Thread Optimization
Authors: Miao Jiacheng , Du Xing , Li Chaoyang , Chen Bingkui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A systematic process of matrices-based wear profile modeling and a new optimization approach for planetary roller screw mechanism (PRSM) was proposed in this paper to improve the anti-wear performance with varied thread geometries. The wear evolution characteristics of thread surfaces for convex–concave contact and convex–straight contact were captured by incorporating updated axial clearances originated from accumulated thread wear, which provides a new perspective to predict the wear process of PRSM. The results show that the wear depth in convex–concave contact is 22% shallower than convex–straight contact with 105 numbers of cycles, which suggests thread wear can be limited with plausible geometrical parameters. Further analysis showed that as the surface roughness increases, the true equivalent pressure, the plastic strain, and the maximum wear depth become larger. In addition, the effect of the surface textures on the tribological properties of threads is also discussed to improve the applicability of the proposed methodology.
Frequency Domain Reflectometry Cable Inspection Simulation
Authors: Glass S.W. , Spencer M.P. , Sriraman A. , Son J. , Fifield L.S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Simulation of cable system responses to frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) tests can be instrumental to understanding these tests and the influence of various cable anomalies on test signatures. Reflectometry simulations are based upon a finite element representation of the cable conductor and insulation to produce an S-parameter at each evaluated frequency. The aggregate collection of cable S-parameters can simulate influence on a test signal injected into the simulation network and can show reflections caused by cable anomaly impedance changes. Such a digital twin simulation was developed and examined for influence of both the test simulation parameters and relative influence of cable anomalies including thermal aging damage, water or moisture exposure on outside jacket, water or moisture ingress exposure to conductor through damaged cable, and other cable insulation anomalies.
A Deep Learning Framework for Efficient Global Sensitivity Analysis and Shap Values Calculations Applied to Eddy Current Testing Problems
Authors: Granados Gerardo E. , Miorelli Roberto , Gatti Filippo , Clouteau Didier 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the context of the nondestructive testing and evaluation research community, global sensitivity analysis (GSA) methods are widespread tools for quantifying the sensitivity of measurements concerning the variation of inputs over the whole design space. For parameter ranking purposes, GSA methods have been historically preferred by NDT&E scholars compared to feature importance (FI) techniques such as random forest-based, SHAP values, among others. For practical applications, GSA and FI can face limitations when the number of evaluations of the physical model is very high. The main issues that one needs to face with GSA and FI in practical problems are the low computing time efficiency of the numerical solver and/or the high cardinality (i.e., the number of inputs) of the problem considered. This paper targets two main goals. First, we propose to tackle the problem of an efficient GSA and FI procedure relying on a tailored deep neural network to be employed as a metamodel (or surrogate model) to replace the less efficient numerical model. Second, we compare GSA (i.e., Sobol’ indices and 𝛿-sensitivity measure) indices and FI (i.e., SHAP) method for parameter ranking purposes. In particular, we describe a generative deep neural network framework to be straightforwardly applied to GSA and FI studies. The numerical experiments in this communication correspond to an eddy current testing inspection problem where multiple arbitrarily oriented cracks lie in a conductive planar multilayered structure.
Battery Health Monitoring using Guided Wave Signal Features
Authors: Lao Dongjing , Shen Yanfeng , Ren Shaoteng , Lin Si , Zhang Fenglin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The high-speed development of the new energy industry and the renewable energy facilities have made battery energy storage critical for Electric Vehicles (EVs) and large-scale Energy Storage Systems (ESSs). However, the complexity of the internal chemical reactions and the uncertainty of the external service environment seriously affect the reliability of batteries. Therefore, Battery Management Systems (BMS) have become essential to monitor battery health and performance, detect potential issues at an early stage, improve safety, and reduce costs associated with battery maintenance and replacement. This paper proposes a Battery Health Monitoring (BHM) system based on guided wave signal features to monitor and predict State of Charge (SOC), State of Health (SOH), and Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of batteries. A data collection system is developed to realize the integration of wave generation and reception, with subsequent feature extraction of the recorded ultrasound signals and characterization in different forms, enabling the prediction of battery health status and early alert of rapid battery capacity deterioration. The proposed method is based on time-frequency analysis of ultrasonic responses and weighted averaging algorithms for signal feature extraction, which facilitates the acquisition of indicative trends corresponding to battery SOC, SOH, and RUL variations. Experimental results indicate that the system can achieve real-time monitoring of battery SOC cycles, obtain battery SOH trends and health warnings of severe battery aging, and accurately predict the decay rate of the standard battery capacity to achieve RUL estimation, thus demonstrating the excellent evaluating capability of the active sensing method in battery health monitoring.
Accuracy of Heart-Rate-Recovery Parameters Assessed From a Wrist-Worn Photoplethysmography Monitor (Polar Unite)
Authors: Bretonneau Quentin , Peruque-Gayou Etienne , Wolfs Etienne , Bosquet Laurent 
Published: October 2023

Purpose: The accuracy of heart rate (HR) measured with a wrist-worn photoplethysmography (PPG) monitor is altered during rest–exercise and exercise–rest transitions, which questions the validity of postexercise HR-recovery (HRR) parameters estimated from this device. Methods: Thirty participants (50% female) randomly performed two 13-minute sequences (3′ rest, 5′ submaximal-intensity exercise, and 5′ passive recovery) on treadmill and bicycle ergometers. HR was measured concomitantly with a 10-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and a wrist-worn PPG monitor (Polar Unite). HRR was assessed by calculating Δ60 (the difference between HR during exercise and HR 60 s after exercise cessation) and by fitting HRR data into a monoexponential model. Results: By focusing on Δ60 and τ (the time constant of the monoexponential curve), levels of association (r) of the Unite versus the 10-lead ECG were high to very high (.73 < r < .93), and coefficients of variation were >20% (in absolute value), except for Δ60 in the bicycle ergometer condition (11.7%). In 97% of cases, the decrease in HR after exercise appeared later with the Unite. By adjusting the time window used for the analysis according to this time lag, coefficients of variation of Δ60 decreased below 10% in the bicycle ergometer condition. Conclusions: If a wrist-worn PPG monitor is used to assess HRR, we recommend performing the submaximal-intensity exercise on a bicycle ergometer and focusing on Δ60. Furthermore, to obtain a more accurate Δ60, the time lag between the end of the exercise and the effective decrease in HR should also be considered before the calculation.
Effect of Core Muscle Training on Balance and Agility in Athletes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Shetty Saidan , Neelapala Y.V. Raghava , Srivastava Prateek 
Published: October 2023

The objective of this review was to systematically summarize the existing literature on the effect of core muscle training on measures of balance and agility in athletes. A search was conducted to identify the eligible articles on core muscle training, balance, agility, and athletes in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database that were published from inception to April 15, 2022. The literature search retrieved 3,299 articles, of which 17 randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria of the review. Two reviewers independently performed study selection and assessed the quality of included studies using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale, and a third reviewer was consulted in case of disagreements. The quality of the studies was mixed. Core muscle training can be used to target balance and agility in athletes. Furthermore, core training of variable frequency, intensity, and type can be incorporated in athletic programs to improve balance and agility.
A key
O
-demethylase in the degradation of guaiacol by
Rhodococcus opacus
PD630
Authors: Xue Le , Zhao Yiquan , Li Ling , Rao Xinran , Chen Xinjie , Ma Fuying , Yu Hongbo , Xie Shangxian 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Rhodococcus opacus
PD630 is a high oil-producing strain with the ability to convert lignin-derived aromatics to high values, but limited research has been done to elucidate its conversion pathway, especially the upper pathways. In this study, we focused on the upper pathways and demethylation mechanism of lignin-derived aromatics metabolism by
R. opacus
PD630. The results of the aromatic carbon resource utilization screening showed that
R. opacus
PD630 had a strong degradation capacity to the lignin-derived methoxy-containing aromatics, such as guaiacol, 3,4-veratric acid, anisic acid, isovanillic acid, and vanillic acid. The gene of

gcoA
R

, which encodes cytochrome P450, showed significant up-regulation when
R. opacus
PD630 grew on diverse aromatics. Deletion mutants of

gcoA
R

and its partner protein

gcoB
R

resulted in the strain losing the ability to grow on guaiacol, but no significant difference to the other aromatics. Only co-complementation alone of

gcoA
R

and

gcoB
R

restored the strain’s ability to utilize guaiacol, demonstrating that both genes were equally important in the utilization of guaiacol.
In vitro
assays further revealed that GcoA
R
could convert guaiacol and anisole to catechol and phenol, respectively, with the production of formaldehyde as a by-product. The study provided robust evidence to reveal the molecular mechanism of
R. opacus
PD630 on guaiacol metabolism and offered a promising study model for dissecting the demethylation process of lignin-derived aromatics in microbes.

IMPORTANCE

Aryl-
O
-demethylation is believed to be the key rate-limiting step in the catabolism of heterogeneous lignin-derived aromatics in both native and engineered microbes. However, the mechanisms of
O
-demethylation in lignin-derived aromatic catabolism remain unclear. Notably, guaiacol, the primary component unit of lignin, lacks
in situ
demonstration and illustration of the molecular mechanism of guaiacol
O
-demethylation in lignin-degrading bacteria. This is the first study to illustrate the mechanism of guaiacol metabolism by
R. opacus
PD630
in situ
as well as characterize the purified key
O
-demethylase
in vitro
. This study provided further insight into the lignin metabolic pathway of
R. opacus
PD630 and could guide the design of an efficient biocatalytic system for lignin valorization.
PhamClust: a phage genome clustering tool using proteomic equivalence
Authors: Gauthier Christian H. , Hatfull Graham F. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Bacteriophage comparative genomics is complex due to the mosaic nature of the genomes, and an underlying continuum of diversity confounds the identification of clear taxonomic boundaries. Nucleotide sequence comparison methods have been described for phage taxonomy, but they are computationally intensive and scale poorly as the number of sequenced phage genomes increases. Here, we describe PhamClust as a new bioinformatic approach for grouping phages according to their inter-genome relatedness. PhamClust calculates a proteomic equivalence quotient (PEQ) for each pair of phages based on amino acid sequence identity for those genes that are shared among phages. PEQ values span from 0% (no shared genes) to 100% (all genes shared at 100% identity), and using a large mycobacteriophage genome data set, we show that two-step clustering down to a PEQ of 25% constructs genome groupings (clusters) closely mirroring those constructed manually over time, with the differences attributable to historically arising incongruities rather than illogicalities in PhamClust. PEQ values can also faithfully divide clusters into subclusters, although the relationships are highly heterogeneous, with different PEQ values needed for the subdivision of different clusters. PhamClust can be used to assort any group of phages, including the RefSeq phage collection.

IMPORTANCE
Bacteriophage genomes are pervasively mosaic, presenting challenges to describing phage relatedness. Here, we describe PhamClust, a bioinformatic approach for phage genome comparisons that uses a new metric of proteomic equivalence quotient for comparative genomics. PhamClust reliably assorts genomes into groups or clusters of related phages and can subdivide clusters into subclusters. PhamClust is computationally efficient and can readily process thousands of phage genomes. It is also a useful analytic tool for exploring the different types of inter-genome relatedness characteristic of phages in different clusters.
The tip protein PAAR is required for the function of the type VI secretion system
Authors: Beauvois Solène G. , Flaugnatti Nicolas , Ilbert Marianne , Boyer Marie , Gavello-Fernandez Esther , Fronzes Rémi , Jurėnas Dukas , Journet Laure 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Bacteria are constantly competing to colonize crowded ecological niches, such as the human gut. The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a critical bacterial weapon in this warfare. It resembles a crossbow with a poisoned arrow allowing bacteria to inject toxic effectors directly into target cells. This machinery is formed by an envelope-spanning complex which recruits the baseplate, an assembly platform allowing the polymerization of a contractile structure. The tail consists of a tube surrounded by a sheath and topped by the needle complex composed of the VgrG and PAAR proteins. In the enteric pathogen enteroaggregative
Escherichia coli
(EAEC), the Tle1 phospholipase toxin ensures the antibacterial activity of the T6SS-1. For its transport, Tle1 interacts directly with the trimeric spike protein VgrG. However, the importance and the function of the tip protein PAAR in the T6SS remain unclear. Here, we characterized the PAAR protein of EAEC using biochemical, fluorescence microscopy, and antibacterial competition approaches. Using pull-down assays and cryo-electron microscopy analysis of the (VgrG)
3
-(Tle1)
3
-PAAR complex, we show that PAAR tops and closes the β-prism structure of the VgrG spike. The PAAR protein structure is further tightened by the zinc atom coordinated via conserved residues essential for its function. We provide evidence that PAAR is necessary for T6SS-1-mediated killing due to its requirement for proper T6SS baseplate assembly and further sheath polymerization. Our results suggest that the PAAR protein is an essential component of T6SS.

IMPORTANCE
The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a bacterial contractile injection system involved in bacterial competition by the delivery of antibacterial toxins. The T6SS consists of an envelope-spanning complex that recruits the baseplate, allowing the polymerization of a contractile tail structure. The tail is a tube wrapped by a sheath and topped by the tip of the system, the VgrG spike/PAAR complex. Effectors loaded onto the puncturing tip or into the tube are propelled in the target cells upon sheath contraction. The PAAR protein tips and sharpens the VgrG spike. However, the importance and the function of this protein remain unclear. Here, we provide evidence for association of PAAR at the tip of the VgrG spike. We also found that the PAAR protein is a T6SS critical component required for baseplate and sheath assembly.