bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Muscle Quality and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Patients with
Inherited Metabolic Diseases
Authors: Luengo-Pérez Luis Mguel , Ambrojo Ana , Fernández-Bueso Mercedes , Guijarro Marta , Ferreira Ana , Luzes Goncalo , Pereira M. , Calhau Conceição , Rocha Júlio Cesar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Adult patients with several Inherited Metabolic Diseases (IMD) follow diets controlled
in proteins, rich in carbohydrates, and free amino acids formulae, which cause hyperinsulinism
and ectopic fat. Previous studies showed IMD adult patients have a higher prevalence of
metabolic syndrome and their complications [1]. Recently, ultrasound [US) has been validated
for malnutrition, assessing muscle quality subjectively [2]. Higher echo intensity (EI) is associated
with poorer muscle quality and functional results in aging [3] and other clinical settings, but it
has never been evaluated in IMD. US measurements were conducted on 19 IMD patients and 6
healthy controls at Hospital Universitario de Badajoz (HUB) to assess EI, anthropometry, bioimpedance,
and biochemistry. The HUB ethics committee approved the protocol and informed consent.
Statistics were made with Jamovi. The mean age was 29.9 (range 18-47) in IMD patients vs.
33.7 (26-47) in controls. The distribution of IMD is shown in Figure 2. The mean EI in IMD was
56.9 (60.9 in PKU) vs. 54.4 in controls, NOT being the differences statistically significant (t-
Student p =0.633; in PKU, p =0.246). The box plot is shown in Figure 3. IMD patients had excess
body fat in a variable degree depending on the method (Figure 4): anthropometry, BIA,
preperitoneal fat or myosteatosis. 40% had insulin resistance by HOMA, 20% prediabetes by
HbA1c, 58.8% had low HDL-cholesterol levels, and 29.4% had hypertriglyceridemia. Insulin
resistance status is shown in Figure 5. Obesity by anthropometry was significantly correlated
with subcutaneous abdominal and preperitoneal fat by ultrasound and fat mass by BIA. Fat mass
by BIA was correlated to preperitoneal fat, and fat-free mass by BIA with HOMA and degree of
metabolic control of IMD. Muscle quality, by an objective tool, such as echo intensity, is worse
in patients with IMD than in controls, reflecting poorer muscle metabolic condition and a higher
risk of metabolic syndrome. It is not statistically significant, probably due to the small sample
size. The prevalence of obesity and other metabolic syndrome components is higher in IMD patients
than in the general population of the same age. Body composition analysis by BIA and nutritional
ultrasound can help to identify patients at risk of metabolic syndrome before biochemical
markers show.
An Online Psychological Program for Adolescents and Young Adults With Headaches: Iterative Design and Rapid Usability Testing
Authors: Huguet Anna , Rozario Sharlene , Wozney Lori , McGrath Patrick J 
Published: December 2023

Background
Headache disorders are common, debilitating health problems. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is recommended but rarely easily available. With the use of the internet and communication technologies among youth and young adults, these individuals could be self-trained in CBT skills. There is an increasing number of internet-based interventions for headaches, but there has been little research into the usability of these interventions because evaluating usability across the intervention development life cycle is costly. We developed an internet-based CBT program, the Specialized Program for Headache Reduction (SPHERE). While developing it, we aimed to improve SPHERE through rapid usability testing cycles.

Objective
This study aims to presents a rapid and affordable usability testing approach that can be performed throughout the intervention development life cycle. This paper also provides evidence of the usability of SPHERE.

Methods
We used the “think aloud” usability testing method based on Krug’s approach to test user interaction within a lab setting. This was followed by a short posttest interview. We planned to test SPHERE with 3-5 participants testing the same part of the program each cycle. Both the design and development team and the research team actively participated in the usability testing process. Observers independently identified the top 3 usability issues, rated their severity, and conducted debriefing sessions to come to consensus on major issues and generate potential solutions.

Results
The testing process allowed major usability issues to be identified and rectified rapidly before piloting SPHERE in a real-world context. A total of 2 cycles of testing were conducted. Of the usability issues encountered in cycles 1 and 2, a total of 68% (17/25) and 32% (12/38), respectively, were rated as major, discussed, and fixed.

Conclusions
This study shows that rapid usability testing is an essential part of the design process that improves program functionality and can be easy and inexpensive to undertake.
Thoughts and Experiences of Behçet Disease From Participants on a Reddit Subforum: Qualitative Online Community Analysis
Authors: Li Jenny Xiaoyu , Yacyshyn Elaine 
Published: December 2023

Background
Behçet disease (BD) is a type of vasculitis with relapsing episodes and multisystemic clinical features, associated with significant morbidity and impact on patients’ lives. People affected by BD often participate in discussions of their illness experiences. In-person support groups have limited physical accessibility and a relative lack of anonymity; however, online communities have become increasingly popular.

Objective
This study investigates the perspectives and experiences of people affected by BD by examining the content shared and discussed on a subforum of the website Reddit—a popular online space for anonymous discussions.

Methods
All discussion threads posted between March 9, 2021, and March 12, 2022, including posts and comments, were examined from the subforum “r/Behcets,” an anonymous online community of 1100 members as of March 2022. A Grounded Theory analysis was completed to identify themes and subthemes, and notable quotes were extracted from the threads. Parameters extracted from each post included the number of comments, net upvotes, category, and subcategories. Two research team members read the posts separately to identify initial codes and themes to ensure data saturation was achieved.

Results
Six recurring themes were identified: (1) finding connectedness and perspectives through shared experiences, (2) struggles of the diagnostic odyssey, (3) sharing or inquiring about symptoms, (4) expressing strong emotions relating to the experience of BD, (5) the impact of BD on quality of life and personal relationships, as well as (6) COVID-19 and the COVID-19 vaccination in relation to BD. Subthemes within each theme were also identified and explored.

Conclusions
This novel study provides a qualitative exploration of the perspectives and experiences of people affected by BD, shared in the anonymous and accessible online community of Reddit. The study found that people impacted by an illness seek to connect and receive validation through shared conditions and experiences. By examining the content shared in r/Behcets, this study highlights the needs of people affected by BD, identifying gaps and areas for improvement in the in-person support they receive.
Designing and Developing Online Training for Diabetes Prevention Program Coaches Using an Integrated Knowledge Translation Approach: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Cranston Kaela D , Grieve Natalie J , Dineen Tineke E , Jung Mary E 
Published: December 2023

Background
e-Learning has rapidly become a popular alternative to in-person learning due to its flexibility, convenience, and wide reach. Using a systematic and partnered process to transfer in-person training to an e-learning platform helps to ensure the training will be effective and acceptable to learners.

Objective
This study aimed to develop an e-learning platform for Small Steps for Big Changes (SSBC) type 2 diabetes prevention program coaches to improve the viability of coach training.

Methods
An integrated knowledge translation approach was used in the first 3 stages of the technology-enhanced learning (TEL) evaluation framework to address the study objective. This included three steps: (1) conducting a needs analysis based on focus groups with previously trained SSBC coaches, meetings with the SSBC research team, and a review of research results on the effectiveness of the previous in-person version of the training; (2) documenting processes and decisions in the design and development of the e-learning training platform; and (3) performing usability testing. Previously trained SSBC coaches and the SSBC research team were included in all stages of this study.

Results
Step 1 identified components from the in-person training that should be maintained in the e-learning training (ie, a focus on motivational interviewing), additional components to be added to the e-learning training (ie, how to deliver culturally safe and inclusive care), and mode of delivery (videos and opportunities to synchronously practice skills). Step 2 documented the processes and decisions made in the design and development of the e-learning training, including the resources (ie, time and finances) used, the content of the training modules, and how coaches would flow through the training process. The design and development process consisted of creating a blueprint of the training. The training included 7 e-learning modules, the learning modalities of which included narrated demonstration videos and user-engaging activities, a mock session with feedback from the research team, and a final knowledge test. Step 3, usability testing, demonstrated high levels of learnability, efficiency, memorability, and satisfaction, with minor bugs documented and resolved.

Conclusions
Using an integrated knowledge translation approach to the technology-enhanced learning evaluation framework was successful in developing an e-learning training platform for SSBC coaches. Incorporating end users in this process can increase the chances that the e-learning training platform is usable, engaging, and acceptable. Future research will include examining the satisfaction of coaches using the SSBC coach e-learning training platform, assessing coach learning outcomes (ie, knowledge and behavior), and estimating the cost and viability of implementing this training.
Investigating Racial Disparities in Cancer Crowdfunding: A Comprehensive Study of Medical GoFundMe Campaigns
Authors: Zhang Xupin , Wang Jingjing , Lane Jamil M , Xu Xin , Sörensen Silvia 
Published: December 2023

Background
In recent years, there has been growing concern about prejudice in crowdfunding; however, empirical research remains limited, particularly in the context of medical crowdfunding. This study addresses the pressing issue of racial disparities in medical crowdfunding, with a specific focus on cancer crowdfunding on the GoFundMe platform.

Objective
This study aims to investigate racial disparities in cancer crowdfunding using average donation amount, number of donations, and success of the fundraising campaign as outcomes.

Methods
Drawing from a substantial data set of 104,809 campaigns in the United States, we used DeepFace facial recognition technology to determine racial identities and used regression models to examine racial factors in crowdfunding performance. We also examined the moderating effect of the proportion of White residents on crowdfunding bias and used 2-tailed t tests to measure the influence of racial anonymity on crowdfunding success. Owing to the large sample size, we set the cutoff for significance at P<.001.

Results
In the regression and supplementary analyses, the racial identity of the fundraiser significantly predicted average donations (P<.001), indicating that implicit bias may play a role in donor behavior. Gender (P=.04) and campaign description length (P=.62) did not significantly predict the average donation amounts. The race of the fundraiser was not significantly associated with the number of donations (P=.42). The success rate of cancer crowdfunding campaigns, although generally low (11.77%), showed a significant association with the race of the fundraiser (P<.001). After controlling for the covariates of the fundraiser gender, fundraiser age, local White proportion, length of campaign description, and fundraising goal, the average donation amount to White individuals was 17.68% higher than for Black individuals. Moreover, campaigns that did not disclose racial information demonstrated a marginally higher average donation amount (3.92%) than those identified as persons of color. Furthermore, the racial composition of the fundraiser’s county of residence was found to exert influence (P<.001); counties with a higher proportion of White residents exhibited reduced racial disparities in crowdfunding outcomes.

Conclusions
This study contributes to a deeper understanding of racial disparities in cancer crowdfunding. It highlights the impact of racial identity, geographic context, and the potential for implicit bias in donor behavior. As web-based platforms evolve, addressing racial inequality and promoting fairness in health care financing remain critical goals. Insights from this research suggest strategies such as maintaining racial anonymity and ensuring that campaigns provide strong evidence of deservingness. Moreover, broader societal changes are necessary to eliminate the financial distress that drives individuals to seek crowdfunding support.
Early Bronze Age Pamukli bair barrow near Malomirovo and the problem of east-oriented barrow graves in Upper Thrace
Authors: Alexandrov Stefan , Włodarczak Piotr 
Published: December 2023

In 2021, excavations of a barrow were conducted on the Pamukli Bair hill in Malomirovo, Elhovo municipality, Upper Thrace, Bulgaria. These excavations yielded a remarkable discovery – a sequence of graves dating back to the late fourth and third millennium BC. Notably, these findings prominently featured elements of the early Pit-Grave culture, also known as the Yamna culture. However, the commencement of this burial sequence was marked by graves that diverged from the norms of the Yamna culture. These early graves contained individuals interred in a crouched position, with their heads oriented towards the east. Unlike the prevalent use of ochre in the Yamna culture, this type of funeral ritual exhibited a limited presence of ochre. Comparable central graves of this kind have also been documented in other barrows throughout the Middle Tundzha region and various parts of Upper Thrace, particularly in the “Maritsa-Iztok” area. These burials can be dated to the end of the fourth millennium BC and display similarities to both local funeral traditions (Ezero A1) and graves analogous to the Cernavodă/Nizhna Mikhailivka traditions. The horizon of barrow necropolises featuring these distinctive burials is clearly discernible within the Upper Thrace region and seamlessly connects to the horizon of the early Pit-Grave culture.
Amplification of Sars-Cov2 Viral Markers in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Sylla Aboubacar , Kakou-Ngazoa Solange , Bla Brice K. , Coulibaly Tata G. S. , Ouattara Zeinab , Ouattara Yakoura K. , Addablah Audrey A.Y. , Kouamé-Sina Mireille S. , Kouakou Venance-Luc , Coulibaly David N. , Dosso Mireille 
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic is causing millions of deaths worldwide. In West Africa, particularly in Côte d’Ivoire, many cases of illness and death have also been reported. The country has applied the diagnostic method recommended by the World Health Organization based on the detection of the genetic material of the SARS-CoV2 virus using RT-qPCR, which requires native or recombinant positive controls to validate the diagnostics. Recombinant plasmids are used for in vitro amplification in E. coli strains. This study aims to propose a bank of recombinant viral genomes for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2.
A total of fifty (50) positive nasopharyngeal samples have been collected during the pandemic from 2020 to 2022. ARN viral extraction was applied, and the viral targets of Envelope, Membrane, Nucleoprotein, and Glycoprotein Spike were amplified using RT-qPCR methods. The PCR products were cloned to obtain recombinant plasmids.
Our results show positive amplification of the three genes E, M, and N detected with positive rates of 50%, 40%, and 36%. A partial 995 bp fragment of the S gene was amplified at a low rate.
Recombinant plasmids of SARS-CoV-2 were obtained, 50, 40, and 13 for the E gene, M gene, and N gene respectively. The recombinant plasmids were detected positive by conventional PCR and real-time PCR of SARSCoV-2. The nucleotide sequence of recombinant plasmids shows sequences homologies of 95% to 100% with the Wuhan reference strain for all three genes. This study has provided reliable recombinant plasmids for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in Côte d’Ivoire and offers the way for future studies to diagnostics tools.
CLV3, una inhumación del Holoceno tardío inicial en el Cerro de los Viejos (departamento Caleu Caleu, provincia de La Pampa)
Authors: Lucero Eliana Noelia , Berón Mónica A. 
Published: December 2023

El proceso de poblamiento del centro-sur de la Pampa Occidental presenta señales débiles y dispersas durante el Holoceno Temprano, mayor incidencia humana durante el Holoceno Medio y un proceso de colonización progresivo a partir del Holoceno Tardío inicial. El registro bioarqueológico ha sido uno de los indicadores más claros de este proceso. En este trabajo se presenta la Osteobiografía de un enterratorio denominado CLV3, recuperado en la Localidad Arqueológica Cerro de Los Viejos (SE de La Pampa), cuyo fechado es 3410±20 años AP. Se trata de un individuo masculino, adulto, que gozó de un buen estado de salud. Su estilo de vida implicó estrés mecánico moderado y se destaca el uso intensivo del aparato masticatorio. El mismo tuvo una residencia local, una dieta terrestre, y presenta deformación craneana de tipo circular. Las características de CLV3 reflejan patrones sociales y culturales registrados también en la escala macrorregional.
Documentos y colecciones especiales
Authors: Llapur Maria Luciana 
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo intenta reseñar uno de los proyectos ganadores de los Digital Humanities Awards. Estos son premios -no remunerativos- que la comunidad de humanistas digitales concede anualmente a proyectos vinculados a la temática, y que han sido evaluados y votados según sus metas, alcances y logros.
En las siguientes páginas se intentará dar respuesta a diferentes interrogantes, como así también comentar sobre el contenido, la organización de la información, la metodología utilizada y las diversas aplicaciones del proyecto visor interactivo Documentos y colecciones especiales perteneciente a la Red de Bibliotecas del Banco de la República de Colombia. Proyecto que se consagró ganador de los DH Awards por el año 2020 por voto popular en la categoría Mejor herramienta de Humanidades Digitales o Suite de Herramientas.
Analysis of sales, costs and demands for timber species in selected timber markets of Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Adedire Oludare , Sadiku Yahaya , Popoola Adedayo Stephen , Oladejo Afolabi Ola , Onuwa Godfrey Chiabuotu , Mbah Jacob Jepthah , Sikiru Gbenga Kola 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this study, analysis of sales, costs and demands for timber species was carried out in selected timber markets of Plateau State, Nigeria. Association as well as relationship between factors influencing timber sales, costs and demands were investigated, and the dependency of timber sales on factors affecting it was ascertained. Data obtained through administration of 400 structured questionnaires were analysed. Results from the use of descriptive statistics showed that Khaya senegalensis (mahogany) was the mostly demanded timber species by consumers, and that the cost per timber species for most of the sawn woods ranged between N1001 and N1500, which was equivalent to US $2.42–$3.63 using the current conversion rate of Nigerian Naira 413.83 to 1US dollar. Pairwise use of Pearson product moment correlation (PPMC) indicated positive correlation between timber sales and variables representing costs, demands, stored timber and spoiled timber species. F-test statistics showed that timber sales were significantly affected, and t-test aided identification of the extent to which timber sales were affected by costs, demands, stored timber and spoiled timber species. Further analysis of results using multiple linear regression (MLR) gave a model representing dependence of timber sales on factors affecting them. With a positive correlation and relationship between variables, possibility of future increase in timber sales may be experienced due to increase in demand coupled with other factors. Therefore, timber regulatory agencies have to put in place measures to encourage planting of trees such as Khaya senegalensis (mahogany), whose timber species are mainly demanded by consumers of wood products, and curb excessive overexploitation of forests in Plateau State, Nigeria.
Critical Realist Foundations for Berlin Comparative Musicology(vergleichende Musikswissenschaft)
Authors: Verstegen Ian 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Is it possible to discover the critical realist foundations of Gestalt theory in Berlin comparative musicology (vergleichende Kunstwissenschaft) associated above all with Erich M. von Hornbostel? The balance of natural science explanation and phenomenal experience is a useful model for overcoming Eurocentrism in comparative ethnomusicology, relying both on third-person tools and indigenous music systems. This paper uses Gestalt critical realist epistemology and methodology and a portrayal of the strata making up the understanding of a musical act with chemico-physical, phenomenal and cultural components to create an “amphibian” ethnomusicology. Using this framework it is possible to understand Hornbostel and Sachs’ musical instrument classification system and Hornbostel’s account of “primitive” music as strata in a Gestalt explanatory system. The potential binding agent through the strata is isomorphism.
المسؤولية المدنية عن الاضرار البيئية لشركات النفط والغازفي ضوء القوانين والاتفاقيات الدولية
Authors: شريف اميرة جعفر 
Published: December 2023

تعد المسؤولية المدنية واحدة من اهم الموضوعات التي تقوم عليها القوانين المدنية بصورة عامة يسبب نشاط الشركات تكرير النفط والغاز عدد كبير من الملوثات الضارة بالبيئة، ويوصف بأنه السبب الرئيس في تلوث البيئة، بحيث يتسع نطاق التلوث البيئي الذي يسببه ليشمل البيئية الهوائية والمائية والأرضية، وبذلك فهو المسؤول المباشر عن معظم الأضرار البيئية التي تصيب الإنسان بالدرجة الأساس وباقي الكائنات الحية وغير الحية الأخرى، والنظام البيئي على وجه العموم، فرضت المجتمع الدولي تنظيم هذه المسؤولية من خلال ابرام الاتفاقيات ولعل اهم هذه الاتفاقيات "اتفاقية بروكسل لعام 1969 المتعلقة بالمسؤولية المدنية عن اضرار التلوث البحري بالبترول". ومن هذا المنطلق أصبحت المسؤولية المدنية عن الاضرار البيئية لشركات النفط والغاز من أكثر المسائل التي تستحق البحثوالتقصيالشركات النفطية التي لاتراعي القوانين، تعويضات عادلة. حيثكشفت الدراسات المعاصرة تأشيرات سلبية لبعض الشركات النفطية العاملة في المدنالعالم وخاصة في العراق واقليم، التي تؤثر على صحة المواطن مبينة ان التأثيرات الصحية تعد قاتلة وذلك للانبعاثات الغازية، والمخالفات والزام الشركات بدفع الديون والغرامات المتراكمة مع ضرورة تحملها المسؤولية وتخصيص مبالغ من الشركات لدعم القطاع الصحي وازالة المخلفات .كما اثارت الموضوع المسؤولية المدنية لشركات عن الاضرار البيئة عدة مشكلات قانونية تتمثل معظمها بعدم كفاية القواعد العامة للقانون المدني والقواعد الخاصة الواردة في قانون حماية وتحسين البيئة رقم 27 لسنة 2009 العراقي و قانون حماية و تحسين البيئة في اقليم كوردستان ـ العراق رقم (8) لسنة 2008. لتنظيم احكام هذه المسؤولية نظرا لخصوصية التي تتميز بها اغلب احكامها، مع عدم ملائمة نظرية الخطا التي اخذ بها التشريع العراقي واقليم كاساس للمسؤولية المدنية، لانه يتعذر على المتضرر اثباته بسب طبيعته الفنية المعقدة، وبذلك يتعذر انعقاد المسؤولية المدنية لهذه الشركات، نتيجة لعدم توافر ركن الخطأ.اذ ثبتت من خلال البحث بان نظرية الضرر التي اخذت بها التشريعات المقارنة هي الاساس الذي ينسجم مع طبيعة المسؤولية المدنية عن اضرار التلوث البيئي.