bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complement dysregulation associated with a genetic variant in factor H-related protein 5 in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome
Authors: Aradottir Sigridur Sunna , Kristoffersson Ann-Charlotte , Linnér Erik , Karpman Diana 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) can be associated with mutations, deletions, or hybrid genes in factor H-related (FHR) proteins.

Methods
A child with aHUS was investigated. Genetics was assessed by Sanger and next generation sequencing. Serum FHR5 was evaluated by immunoblotting, ELISA, and by induction of rabbit red blood cell hemolysis in the presence/absence of recombinant human rFHR5. Mutagenesis was performed in HEK cells.

Results
A heterozygous genetic variant in factor H-related protein 5 (CFHR5), M514R, was found in the child, who also had a homozygous deletion of CFHR3/CFHR1, and antibodies to factor H, as well as low levels of C3. Patient serum exhibited low levels of FHR5. In the presence of rabbit red blood cells, patient serum induced hemolysis which decreased when rFHR5 was added at physiological concentrations. Similar results were obtained using serum from the father, bearing the CFHR5 variant without factor H antibodies. Patient FHR5 formed normal dimers. The CFHR5 M514R variant was expressed in HEK cells and minimal secretion was detected whereas the protein level was elevated in cell lysates.

Conclusions
Decreased secretion of the product of the mutant allele could explain the low FHR5 levels in patient serum. Reduced hemolysis when rFHR5 was added to serum suggests a regulatory role regarding complement activation on red blood cells. As such, low levels of FHR5, as demonstrated in the patient, may contribute to complement activation.

Graphical abstract
Evolutionary algorithm with a regression model for multiobjective minimization of systemic risk in financial systems
Authors: Michalak Krzysztof 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper addresses a problem of systemic risk minimization in which the optimization algorithm has to simultaneously minimize the number of companies affected by a wave of bankruptcies simulated on a graph as well as the level of reserves the companies keep to avoid going bankrupt. A MOEA/D-NN algorithm (where NN stands for a neural network) is proposed, which optimizes parameters of a machine learning model (a neural network) used in turn to determine the level of reserves the companies keep, based on several attributes describing each node in the graph. In the experiments, the proposed MOEA/D-NN algorithm was found to outperform comparison methods: evolutionary algorithms optimizing the level of reserves for all companies and a method based on the training of neural networks on a dataset previously collected by an evolutionary algorithm solving “training” instances of the optimization problem. The neural networks optimized by MOEA/D-NN were also tested on problem instances based on REDS graphs generated using varying values ofR,E, andSparameters and were found to be applicable to these instances for certain ranges of parameters. TheRparameter controlling the possibility of generating long-distance connections was found to have a bigger impact on the performance of the optimized neural networks than the other two parameters.
Relationship between the changes in hepatokine levels and metabolic effects after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in severely obese patients
Authors: Umemura Akira , Sasaki Akira , Takamura Toshinari , Takayama Hiroaki , Takeshita Yumie , Toya Yosuke , Kakisaka Keisuke , Hasegawa Yutaka , Ishigaki Yasushi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To clarify the relationships between the changes in hepatokines and weight loss, and between these changes and the metabolic effects, and the roles played by these changes, after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).

Methods
We recruited 25 Japanese patients with severe obesity, who underwent LSG. We measured two hepatokines: selenoprotein P (SeP) and leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2), at the baseline, and then 6 months and 1 year after LSG. Finally, we compared the changes in the hepatokines with the parameters of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

Results
Changes in LECT2 were correlated with the percentage of total weight loss (ρ = − 0.499, P = 0.024) and the decrease in total fat area (ρ = 0.559, P = 0.003). The changes in SeP were correlated with those in hemoglobin A1c (ρ = 0.526, P = 0.043) and the insulinogenic index (ρ = 0.638, P = 0.010) in T2D patients. In patients with NASH, the LECT2 levels were correlated with liver steatosis (ρ = 0.601).

Conclusions
SeP levels decrease in association with HbA1c reduction, whereas LECT2 levels are associated with reductions in fat mass and NASH scores after LSG. Hepatokines may be involved in the pathology of obesity and its complications.
Anwendungen künstlicher Intelligenz in der Onkologie: Möglichkeiten, Machbarkeit und regulatorische Herausforderungen
Authors: Wenz Frederik , Ebener Stefan 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Integration von künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) in die Onkologie verspricht eine Revolution in Diagnose, Behandlung und Forschung. Es werden verschiedene Anwendungen betrachtet, wobei auf die Belastung und den Burnout von Onkologen eingegangen wird. Die Potenziale werden umfassend erörtert, angefangen bei der Prävention durch Wearables und KI-gestützte Analyse von Gesundheitsdaten bis zur personalisierten Behandlungsplanung und beschleunigten Medikamentenentwicklung. Ein Fokus liegt auf AlphaFold, einer KI-Anwendung für Protein-Folding. Die Verwaltung von Patientendaten und die Erstellung von Befundberichten werden durch KI optimiert, wobei Suchmaschinen und Large Language Models (LLM) eine herausragende Rolle spielen. Die zunehmende Spezialisierung von LLM, etwa in der medizinischen Textgenerierung, verdeutlicht die wachsende Bedeutung. Die Machbarkeit solcher KI-Anwendungen ist gegeben, wobei Ressourcen- und Schulungsbedarf für das medizinische Personal berücksichtigt werden müssen. Kommerzielle Organisationen, wie DeepMind, spielen eine wichtige Rolle in der Umsetzung von KI in die klinische Praxis. Regulatorische Herausforderungen werden diskutiert, einschließlich Datenschutz, Qualitätskontrolle, Haftung und ethische Aspekte. Der European Health Data Space (EHDS) ist eine vielversprechende Initiative für die Förderung des sicheren Datenaustauschs innerhalb der EU. Insgesamt kann KI bedeutende Fortschritte in der Onkologie ermöglichen. Die regulatorischen Herausforderungen erfordern jedoch Sorgfalt und Aufmerksamkeit, um eine ethisch verantwortungsvolle und sichere Implementierung sicherzustellen. KI-Anwendungen können die Krebsversorgung verbessern, die Patientenversorgung revolutionieren und die Arbeitsbelastung für medizinisches Personal reduzieren.
Outcome differences after orthodontic camouflage treatment in hypo- and hyperdivergent patients – A retrospective cephalometric investigation
Authors: Hourfar Jan , Kinzinger Gero Stefan Michael , Frye Linda , Lisson Jörg Alexander 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To compare differences in outcome in skeletal and dental parameters in hypo- and hyperdivergent Class II patients after extraction of upper first premolars and comprehensive orthodontic treatment.

Materials and methods
37 Class-II-patients with dental camouflage treatment were divided into a hypo- (n = 18) or a hyperdivergent (n = 19) group depending on the mandibular plane angle (hypo: < 34° or hyper: ≥ 34°). Lateral cephalograms were available before (T1) and after (T2) treatment and were analyzed with customized measurements. Data from a growth survey served as a control and were used to calculate the actual treatment effect. Data were analyzed by one-sample Student’s t-tests and independent Student’s t-tests. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results
The measurements showed similar changes in both groups. The effects were mainly dentoalveolar. Hypodivergent patients showed an almost equal increase in anterior and posterior facial height, while hyperdivergent patients only showed an increase in anterior facial height.

Conclusions
In hyperdivergent patients, the anterior facial height increases despite camouflage treatment. This indicates a tendency towards bite opening and backward rotation of the mandible. Hypodivergent patients do not experience deepening of the bite.

Clinical relevance
In hyperdivergent patients with upper first premolars extraction the anterior facial height increased differently than in hypodivergent patients. This should be considered if a bite opening is a possible contraindication to treatment.
Effects of storage and toothbrush simulation on Martens hardness of CAD/CAM, hand-cast, thermoforming, and 3D-printed splint materials
Authors: Rosentritt Martin , Hickl Verena , Rauch Angelika , Schmidt Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate Martens hardness parameters of splint materials after storage in liquids and toothbrush simulation.

Materials and methods
Ten specimens per material and group were fabricated (hand-cast CAST, thermoformed TF, CAD/CAM-milled CAM, 3D-printed PS, PL, PK, PV), stored in air, water, coffee, red wine, and cleaning tablets and investigated after fabrication, 24 h, 2- and 4-week storage or toothbrushing. Martens hardness (HM), indentation hardness (HIT), indentation modulus (EIT), the elastic part of indentation work (ηIT), and indentation creep (CIT) were calculated (ISO 14577-1). Statistics: ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc test, between-subjects effects, Pearson correlation (α = 0.05).

Results
HM varied between 30.8 N/mm2 for PS (water 4 weeks) and 164.0 N/mm2 for CAM (toothbrush). HIT values between 34.9 N/mm2 for PS (water 4 weeks) and 238.9 N/mm2 for CAM (toothbrush) were found. EIT varied between 4.3 kN/mm2 for CAM (toothbrush) and 1.8 kN/mm2 for PK (water 2 weeks). ηIT was found to vary between 16.9% for PS (water 4 weeks) and 42.8% for PL (toothbrush). CIT varied between 2.5% for PL (toothbrush) and 11.4% for PS (water 4 weeks). The highest impact was identified for the material (p ≤ 0.001).

Conclusions
Storage and toothbrushing influenced Martens parameters. The properties of splints can be influenced by the choice of materials, based on different elastic and viscoelastic parameters. High HM and EIT and low CIT might be beneficial for splint applications.

Clinical relevance
Martens parameters HM, EIT, and CIT might help to evaluate clinically relevant splint properties such as hardness, elasticity, and creep.
Electronic structure and molecular properties of nitisinone and mesotrione in water
Authors: Imrich Richard , Štofko Juraj , Boča Roman , Rajnák Cyril 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Context
Nitisinone is a medium-sized organic molecule that is used in treating hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT-1). The structurally analogous mesotrione, however, is used as a pesticide/herbicide. What molecular properties are responsible for the similarity/dissimilarity of these molecules is investigated here. The solvent effect reduces the electron affinity to rather negative values and causes the negative electron affinity which manifests itself in a very high positive absolute reduction potential.

Methods
B3LYP method was utilized for a geometry optimization of nitisinone and mesotrione in their neural and ionized (L0, L+, L−) forms of 6 structures. The calculations were conducted in water as a solvent using conductor-like polarizable continuum model (CPCM), nitisinone also in vacuo. The complete vibrational analysis at the true energy minimum allows evaluating the thermodynamic functions with focus to the zero-point energy and overall entropic term. The change of the Gibbs energy on reductions and/or oxidation facilitates evaluating the absolute reduction and absolute oxidation potentials. Also, DLPNO-CCSD(T) method that involves the major part of the correlation energy has been applied to nitisinone and mesotrione and their molecular ions.
Efficacy and safety of mesh non-fixation in patients undergoing laparo-endoscopic repair of groin hernia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kobayashi F. , Watanabe J. , Koizumi M. , Sata N. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To examine updated evidence on the efficacy and safety of mesh non-fixation in patients undergoing laparo-endoscopic repair of groin hernias.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Library, Embase, ClinicalTrials. gov, and ICTRP databases to identify randomized controlled trials. The primary outcomes were recurrence, chronic pain, and return to daily life. The certainty of evidence (CoE) was assessed by grading recommendations, assessments, developments, and evaluations. We performed a subgroup analysis based on the surgical type. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD 42022368929).

Results
We included 25 trials with 3,668 patients (4,038 hernias) were included. Mesh non-fixation resulted in little to no difference in hernia recurrence (relative risk [RR]:1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.59–3.31; I2 = 0%; moderate CoE) and chronic pain (RR:0.48, 95% CI:0.13–1.78; I2 = 77%; moderate CoE), but reduced return to daily life (mean difference [MD]: − 1.79 days, 95% CI: − 2.79 to –0.80; I2 = 96%; low CoE). In subgroup analyses, the transabdominal preperitoneal approach (TAPP) (MD: − 2.97 days, 95% CI: − 4.87 to − 1.08; I2 = 97%) reduced return to daily life than total extraperitoneal inguinal approach (MD: − 0.24 days, 95% CI − 0.71 to 0.24; I2 = 61%) (p = 0.006).

Conclusions
Mesh nonfixation improves the return to daily life without increasing the risk of hernia recurrence or chronic pain. Surgeons and patients may discuss mesh nonfixation options to accommodate a patient’s desired return to daily life. Further trials focusing on TAPP are required to confirm these findings.
Characterization of Galileo yaw attitude on tidal loading and range bias in SLR-based orbit validation
Authors: Tseng Tzu-Pang , Tsai Yi-Hsuan , Hsieh Chia-Sheng , Kuo Pei-Jung 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSatellite laser ranging (SLR) has been widely used for satellite orbit validation. SLR residual is defined as the difference between the satellite-station distance and the SLR ranging measurement. The SLR residual not only indicates the satellite orbit accuracy but also implies the force mis-modeling left from satellite orbit determination. We characterize satellite yaw attitude on the SLR residual of the Galileo orbit in terms of the tidal loading effect and the range bias estimated in the procedure of orbit validation. The attitude characterization is defined as the slope of the SLR residual as a function of the elongation angle, which is formed by the sun elevation with respect to the orbital plane and the difference in the argument of latitude of the satellite with respect to the sun. We find that the yaw attitude is insensitive to the surface deformation caused by the tidal loading due to the slight change in slope from − 0.0106 to − 0.0117 cm/°. However, this is not the case for the range bias estimated in the orbit validation procedure. The slope of the SLR residual is changed from − 0.0106 to − 0.0014 cm/° when the range bias is estimated. This indicates that the range bias is specific to the satellite yaw attitude, in particular for the beta angle less than 20°. In addition, the range bias has a relatively high dependency on the force mis-modeling, as compared to the tidal loading. This suggests that the yaw-related force mis-modeling shall be considered in the estimation of the range bias for the Galileo satellites. This work can serve as a reference for assessing the characterization of satellite yaw attitude on the tidal loading effect and the range bias estimated in the satellite orbit validation using SLR.
On the social welfare interpretation of growth incidence curves
Authors: Berman Yonatan , Bourguignon François 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Growth Incidence Curve (GIC), introduced in the poverty measurement literature by Ravallion and Chen (Econ. Lett.78(1), 93–99, 2003), proved to be a valuable and widely used tool to analyze the impact of growth on poverty and its ‘pro-poorness’. Beyond pro-poorness, however, the relationship between the shape of GICs and social welfare is ambiguous. If a declining GIC, together with a positive overall rate of growth, is unambiguously associated with a social welfare gain, such a shape is not the most common and the reciprocal is not necessarily true. This paper analyzes the social welfare properties of GICs, as well as their non-anonymous counterpart (NAGICs), which describe how income growth depends on the initial rank of individuals in the initial income distribution. NAGICs thus account not only for the change in the distribution of income but also for income mobility, and differ conceptually from their anonymous counterpart. However, their social welfare interpretation proves to be very similar.
Percepties van discriminatie en diversiteit op het werk binnen het Amsterdam Public Health research institute
Authors: Anselma Manou , Altenburg Teatske , Motazedi Ehsan , Suurmond Jeanine , Chinapaw Mai 
Published: November 2023

Samenvatting
Inleiding
Het doel van dit onderzoek was om inzicht te krijgen in ervaringen met en percepties over discriminatie en diversiteit binnen het Amsterdam Public Health (APH) research institute in 2021/2022, en verbeterpunten te identificeren voor het creëren van een gelijkwaardig en inclusief onderzoeksinstituut.

Methode
Van de 1.654 APH-leden vulden er 283 een vragenlijst in. Daarnaast zijn met acht leden (groeps)interviews gehouden.

Resultaten
Ongeveer de helft van de respondenten van de vragenlijst had ooit discriminatie ervaren (51%), de meesten op basis van de hiërarchische positie (22%) of gender (17%). Het merendeel van de respondenten toonde belangstelling voor het creëren van meer bewustzijn en het verbeteren van vaardigheden met betrekking tot diversiteit en inclusie, bijvoorbeeld door vrijwillige training (66%) en verankering van beleid gericht op diversiteit en inclusie (73%). Uit de open antwoorden bleek dat sommige respondenten meer aandacht wilden voor diversiteit en inclusie binnen hun afdeling, terwijl anderen dit onnodig vonden.

Conclusie
Dit verkennende onderzoek laat zien dat ervaringen met discriminatie niet ongewoon zijn, met name met betrekking tot gender en hiërarchische positie, en dat een deel van de APH-leden vindt dat meer diversiteit en inclusie een meerwaarde voor het instituut zou zijn. Om dit mogelijk te maken zijn duurzame beleidsmaatregelen en acties nodig, die worden geïmplementeerd en geëvalueerd met (financiële) steun van het hoger management.
Coronapandemie vergrootte ongelijke toegang tot zorg voor chronisch zieken met beperkte gezondheidsvaardigheden
Authors: van Schelven Femke , Scheffer Mariska , Heijmans Monique 
Published: November 2023

Samenvatting
Inleiding
Het Integraal Zorgakkoord benadrukt het belang van gelijke toegang tot zorg, vooral voor kwetsbare groepen. De zorg is echter al jaren minder toegankelijk voor chronisch zieken met beperkte gezondheidsvaardigheden. Tijdens de coronapandemie kwam de toegang tot de zorg onder druk te staan. Mogelijk ervaarden chronisch zieken met beperkte gezondheidsvaardigheden meer nadelige gevolgen van de uit- en afgestelde zorg tijdens de coronapandemie. In dit onderzoek gingen we na op welke manier ervaringen met (gevolgen van) uitgestelde zorg tijdens de coronapandemie samenhangen met gezondheidsvaardigheden.

Methode
Een representatieve steekproef van chronisch zieken (15+ jaar) vulde vragen in over hun ervaringen met (de gevolgen van) uitgestelde zorg tijdens de coronapandemie (N = 1.286). Verschillen tussen mensen met voldoende en beperkte gezondheidsvaardigheden zijn geanalyseerd.

Resultaten
Chronisch zieken met beperkte gezondheidsvaardigheden rapporteerden vaker dat ze te maken hadden met volledig afgezegde zorgafspraken dan chronisch zieken met voldoende gezondheidsvaardigheden. Ook ervaarden ze meer last van de gevolgen van afgezegde of uitgestelde zorgafspraken, zoals een toename van gezondheidsklachten.

Conclusie
Een crisis zoals de coronapandemie kan de ongelijke toegang tot zorg vergroten tussen chronisch zieken met beperkte gezondheidsvaardigheden en chronisch zieken met voldoende gezondheidsvaardigheden. Chronisch zieken met beperkte gezondheidsvaardigheden hebben ondersteuning van zorgverleners en toegankelijke (digitale) innovaties nodig om hun ziekte goed te managen.
The C-8-S-isomers of ergot alkaloids — a review of biological and analytical aspects
Authors: Cherewyk Jensen E. , Blakley Barry R. , Al-Dissi Ahmad N. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractErgot alkaloids are secondary metabolites that are produced by fungi and contaminate cereal crops and grasses. The ergot alkaloids produced by Claviceps purpurea are the most abundant worldwide. The metabolites exist in two configurations, the C-8-R-isomer (R-epimer) and the C-8-S-isomer (S-epimer). These two configurations can interconvert to one another. Ergot alkaloids cause toxic effects after consumption of ergot-contaminated food and feed at various concentrations. For bioactivity reasons, the C-8-R-isomers have been studied to a greater extent than the C-8-S-isomer since the C-8-S-isomers were considered biologically inactive. However, recent studies suggest the contrary. Analytical assessment of ergot alkaloids now includes the C-8-S-isomers and high concentrations of specific C-8-S-isomers have been identified. The inclusion of the C-8-S-isomer in regulatory standards is reviewed. This review has identified that further research into the C-8-S-isomers of ergot alkaloids is warranted. In addition, the inclusion of the C-8-S-isomers into regulatory recommendations worldwide for food and feed should be implemented. The objectives of this review are to provide an overview of historic and current studies that have assessed the C-8-S-isomers. Specifically, this review will compare the C-8-R-isomers to the C-8-S-isomers with an emphasis on the biological activity and analytical assessment.
Exploring the pore system of carbonate rocks through a multi-analytical approach
Authors: Salvini Silvia , Coletti Chiara , Maritan Lara , Massironi Matteo , Balsamo Fabrizio , Mazzoli Claudio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe presence and distribution of pores in natural stones affect their durability and aesthetic value, especially when exposed to weathering agents like salt crystallization and freeze–thaw cycles. In this study, a multi-analytical approach was used to analyse the pore structure of twelve carbonate rocks, including different types of limestone and the Carrara marble. Mercury intrusion porosimetry, digital imaging analysis on backscattered electron images taken at the scanning electron microscope, and micro-computed tomography were used to overcome the limitations of each technique and create a more accurate reconstruction of the pore structure. This approach can aid in predicting the deterioration processes stones in heritage structures.