bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A rare case of massive intrapartum hemorrhage followed by inner myometrial laceration during a vaginal delivery: A case report
Authors: Khakifirooz Bahareh , Shojaei Arian , Hajialigol Amirhossein 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageConsidering the laceration of the inner layer of the myometrium as an important and controllable cause of bleeding during childbirth can lead to saving the mother's life.AbstractLaceration of the inner layer of the myometrium can cause massive bleeding during and after childbirth, which can lead to the death of the mother if it is not diagnosed in time.we presented a rare case of massive intrapartum bleeding following myometrial laceration that diagnosed correctly and the patient survived with in‐time treatments. The patient was a 26‐year‐old woman who was under observation for term pregnancy and complaint of rupture of membranes (ROM) and vaginal bleeding. Following the spontaneous course of labor and without receiving oxytocin, during the normal course of labor, she was with an estimated total blood loss of 750 mL bleeding, which despite the normal fetal heart rate and with the mother's indication for cesarean section, was transferred to the operating room and underwent cesarean section. During the cesarean section, the amniotic fluid was clear, after the removal of the placenta, severe and clear bleeding was flowing from the posterior wall of the uterus, which was caused by the laceration of the inner layer of the myometrium in the posterior wall of the lower segment of the uterus. The myometrial laceration was repaired with absorbable continuous locked sutures and hemostasis was established, and then the patient used uterotonic drugs, and after monitoring, the patient was discharged from the hospital in good condition.
Solitary Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the sternum in a 21‐year‐old woman
Authors: Soleimani Neda , Hosseinzadeh Massood , Amirian Armin , Hassani Masha , Mohammadzadeh Sahand 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageChildren are more likely to develop Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), a rare disorder with an unknown cause. LCH often invades skeletal systems, while it has occasionally been seen in the sternum or ribs. The best course of treatment for single‐site, skeletal LCH is yet unknown. We present an instance of sternal LCH with adult onset. By fusing and reconstructing chest computed tomography, it was possible to determine the extent of surrounding soft tissue invasion. Because LCH is so uncommon, it could be challenging to recall when we see a sternal lesion. Adult Patients who arrive with anterior chest discomfort and an osteolytic sternal lesion should include LCH on their differential diagnosis list.
Foix–Chavany–Marie syndrome due to unilateral opercular infarction—A case report
Authors: Yadav Pramodman Singh , Shah Leeza , Rayamajhi Anusha , Mehta Binod , Bhurtel Min Raj , Adhikari Pratik , Shrestha Manisha , Bhattarai Sashank 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageUnilateral opercular lesions can result in Foix–Chavany–Marie syndrome, which is marked by acute anarthria, automatic‐voluntary movement dissociation—most notably the absence of voluntary facial and tongue movements—and a generally better prognosis. Better patient outcomes are mostly dependent on early detection, management, and rehabilitation.AbstractOpercular syndrome is a rare neurological disorder caused by bilateral or unilateral lesions of the operculum that result in symptoms related to speech and swallowing difficulties with dissociation of automatic‐voluntary movements in affected muscles. 78‐year‐old female presented with acute onset dysarthria, left sided facial deviation and difficulties in chewing, speaking, and swallowing. CT head revealed ischemic changes in left frontal operculum and was diagnosed with the unilateral opercular syndrome. The case was managed according to ischemic stroke protocol. The patient was discharged after 7 days of hospital stay, with MRS 2, NIHSS 9 and secondary stroke preventive measures. At 4 months follow‐up, her MRS was 1, with mild dysarthria, that could be understood, and her swallowing improved to some amount of drooling while feeding. Early recognition, treatment, and rehabilitation play important role in prompt improvement of symptoms.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome due to nonadherence to antihypertensive treatment: A case report from Nepal
Authors: Priyanka K.C. , Anand Ayush , Husain Salman Haidar , Bhattarai Urza , Sharma Sanjib Kumar 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessagePosterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome may occur secondary to abrupt cessation of antihypertensive therapy. A gradual reduction in blood pressure and counseling regarding medication adherence are crucial to prevent adverse consequences.AbstractPosterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a reversible clinical radiographic syndrome with headache, hypertensive encephalopathy, seizures, and visual disturbances as common modes of presentation. PRES can be attributed to several risk factors. We reported the case of a 66‐year‐old Asian female with PRES following nonadherence to antihypertensive treatment. Initially, her computed tomography scan of the head was normal. After 48 h, we again ordered a head CT scan, which showed lesions suggestive of hypertensive encephalopathy. We immediately reduced 20%–25% of mean arterial pressure, followed by a gradual blood pressure lowering to avoid adverse consequences. We did a follow‐up CT scan of the head at 2 weeks, showing the resolution of early lesions. Hence, we made a diagnosis of PRES. In these patients, it is crucial to ensure medication adherence to avoid complications.
A rare case of multi‐drug resistant Raoultella ornithinolytica‐induced sepsis in a healthy young man in Uganda
Authors: Ndibarema Elias Rugaatwa , Olum Ronald , Ogavu Joseph , Makhoba Anthony 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a public health challenge. It causes unresponsiveness to treatment with antimicrobials, leads to sepsis, septic shock, and increased hospital mortality. This is compounded by new multidrug resistant organisms. We present and discuss a case of sepsis caused by a rare multi‐drug resistant bacterium Raoultella ornithinolytica.AbstractAntimicrobial resistance is a major public health concern worldwide, associated with nearly 5 million deaths. The highest mortality attributed to AMR is seen in sub‐Saharan Africa. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa contribute to most deaths attributed to AMR globally. However, other uncommon microorganisms have been implicated. Few cases of resistant, extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase (ESBL) producing Raoultella ornithinolytica have been reported to cause sepsis worldwide. To our knowledge, no case of R. ornithinolytica‐induced sepsis has been reported in our settings. We report a case of sepsis due to R. ornithinolytica in an injured young adult. We received a 36‐year‐old man, a professional banker involved in a road traffic accident 2 h before admission. He sustained a deep degloving wound on the right ankle with exposure of the lateral malleolus and presented with severe pain, and bleeding at the injury site. x‐Rays confirmed a comminuted intra‐articular distal tibia and fibular fracture. Surgical debridement and external fixation were aseptically done on the same day. Below knee amputation was done on the 7th day post‐admission due to extensively injured and infected limb with sepsis. Local pus culture isolated ESBL‐positive R. ornithinolytica susceptible only to meropenem, ciprofloxacin, and amikacin. Introducing these antibiotics on the 11th post‐admission day averted sepsis and enhanced patient recovery. With the threat of AMR, newly emerging highly resistant microbes should be expected and suspected. Early recognition of sepsis and its focus and precise intervention with antimicrobials guided by specimen culture and susceptibility profile is highly recommended and should be standard practice. It highly reduces morbidity and mortality due to sepsis.
The importance of designing a protector for a preterm and low birth weight infant with ectopia cordis
Authors: Mukai Takeo , Ito Atsushi , Shitara Yoshihiko , Kashima Kohei , Kobayashi Mika , Shiraga Kazuhiro , Takazawa Shinya , Takahashi Naoto 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageEctopia cordis is a rare condition with expected low survival rate based on past studies. We encountered a case of a preterm and low birth weight infant with ectopia cordis. When the infant cried, the prolapse of the heart, liver, and intestinal tract worsened. A pressure‐applying protector was used to protect the organs and reduce the prolapse. Upon application, the infant's tachypnea and desaturation worsened. Fluoroscopic examination suggested that the pressure from the prolapsed regions was impeding pulmonary expansion and negatively affecting circulation. It is essential to carefully design a protector that accommodates the infant's growth.
Rare oto‐tricho‐tussia/tinnitus: A case report
Authors: Azimi Habib , Tabibzadeh Seyed Mohammad , Khalilpour Abbas , Akbaribazm Mohsen 
Published: January 2024

Key clinical messageOto‐tricho is associated with the symptoms of gag reflex and non‐neuropathic tinnitus, which can be treated by removing the hair and its follicle.AbstractOto‐tricho refers to a disorder of hair growth in the tympanic membrane (TM). In its early stages, it can manifest as symptoms such as tinnitus, chronic pain, cough, and nausea. If left untreated, it can potentially lead to tympanosclerosis, TM micro‐perforation, and hearing loss. In this report, we present a case study of a 33‐year‐old male with hair and follicle growth observed on the left TM. Over the course of the past year, the patient experienced various symptoms including tinnitus, dry cough, and chronic pain. An examination with an otoscope revealed the presence of oto‐tricho‐tussia/tinnitus. To address the issue, the hair and hair follicles were surgically removed using direct visual guidance. Subsequent follow‐up was conducted over a period of 5 months, during which no pain or infection was observed at the site of the TM. The patient's previous symptoms were successfully resolved. Furthermore, further observation of the TM revealed no evidence of hair follicles or hair regrowth.
Synthesis of ‘Impossible’ Rotaxanes
Authors: Saura‐Sanmartin Adrian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract‘Impossible’ rotaxanes, which are constituted by interlocked components without obvious binding motifs, have attracted the interest of the mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) community. Within the synthetic efforts reported in the last decades towards the preparation of MIMs, some innovative protocols for accessing ‘impossible’ rotaxanes have been developed. This short review highlights different selected synthetic examples of ‘impossible’ rotaxanes, as well as suggests some future directions of this research area.
Blueshift in Trifurcated Hydrogen Bonds: A Tradeoff between Tetrel Bonding and Steric Repulsion
Authors: de Azevedo Santos Lucas , van der Voort Storm , Burema Shiri R. , Fonseca Guerra Célia , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the TheoCheM group at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. The image shows how, in X–•••H3C–Y complexes, the Lewis base X– tetrel‐binds to the central C while sterically pushing the H atoms towards C; hence, the compression and blueshift of the H–C bonds. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/cphc.202300480.
Does proactive boundary‐spanning search drive green innovation? Exploring the significance of green dynamic capabilities and analytics capabilities
Authors: Appiah Listowel Owusu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSuccessful innovation requires firms to search beyond their organizational confines for complementary knowledge resources ahead of their competitors. While such proactive boundary‐spanning search (PBS) provides relevant knowledge resources for green innovations, it can also lead to information overload that derails green innovation efforts. Therefore, there is a need to understand how and when PBS translates into green innovation. This study combines the dynamic capabilities theory with the organizational information processing theory to develop a moderated mediation model that espouses the role of green dynamic capability and analytics capability in the relationship between PBS and green innovation. The study's hypothesis is tested using firm‐level survey data from 200 manufacturing firms in Ghana. Partial least squares structural equations modeling (PLS‐SEM) and PROCESS were used to evaluate the research model. The results confirm a positive relationship between PBS and green dynamic capabilities, and also between green dynamic capabilities and green innovation. More importantly, PBS drives green innovation through green dynamic capability, particularly at moderate and high levels of analytics capability. The theoretical and managerial implications of the study are outlined in the text.
Indium tin oxide thin film preparation and property relationship for humidity sensing: A review
Authors: Rajendran Vinooth , Prathuru Anil , Fernandez Carlos , Sujatha Dhavamani , Panda Subhendu K. , Faisal Nadimul Haque 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis review aims to present a critical overview of indium tin oxide (ITO) thin film preparation methods, structure–property relationship, and its humidity sensing. A range of passive and active humidity sensors with thin films (based on metal oxides) detects humidity. ITO thin film has advantageous properties, such as low resistivity and high stability, making it highly suitable for humidity sensing applications. ITO thin film has shown the efficient level of humidity sensing, and a compatible size of humidity sensor can monitor the interface conditions humidity. So far, the application of ITO thin film for humidity measurement has yet to be explored at commercial scale, specifically in the detection of lower environmental humidity range (below 5% relative humidity (RH)). The research reveals a gap in improving the ITO thin film properties with an optimal range of preparation conditions. The research opportunities in the preparation, properties, characteristics, and efficient humidity sensitivity of ITO thin film are reviewed in this work.
Numerical evaluation of elasto‐mechanical and visco‐elastic electro‐mechanical models of the human heart
Authors: Fröhlich Jonathan , Gerach Tobias , Krauß Jonathan , Loewe Axel , Stengel Laura , Wieners Christian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe investigate the properties of static mechanical and dynamic electro‐mechanical models for the deformation of the human heart. Numerically this is realized by a staggered scheme for the coupled partial/ordinary differential equation (PDE‐ODE) system. First, we consider a static and purely mechanical benchmark configuration on a realistic geometry of the human ventricles. Using a penalty term for quasi‐incompressibility, we test different parameters and mesh sizes and observe that this approach is not sufficient for lowest order conforming finite elements. Then, we compare the approaches of active stress and active strain for cardiac muscle contraction. Finally, we compare in a coupled anatomically realistic electro‐mechanical model numerical Newmark damping with a visco‐elastic model using Rayleigh damping. Nonphysiological oscillations can be better mitigated using viscosity.
Power to the people—And then? A multilevel leadership perspective on organizational decentralization
Authors: Huettermann Hendrik , Berger Stefan , Reinwald Max , Bruch Heike 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs organizations strive for more flexibility, decentralized decision‐making has been at the core of many modern HR approaches. Yet, on a company‐wide scale, it remains unclear whether decentralized decision‐making structures improve organizational performance. Our study aims to illuminate prior ambiguous evidence by examining an employee‐level mechanism underlying the organizational‐level relationship between decentralization and performance, and scrutinizing the critical role of formal leaders for empowering employees in decentralized structures. Integrating the perspective of organizational structure as opportunities and constraints with social information processing theory, we argue that transferring decision‐making authority to lower organizational levels positively affects employees' emergent leadership, but only to the extent that direct supervisors engage in empowering leadership and guide employees' behaviors in decentralized structures. Our predictions are supported by a multilevel, multisource field study of 5807 individuals across 144 companies. We further find that emergent leadership yields a positive effect on organizational performance. By developing a multilevel model that explicates both an employee‐level mechanism and a contingency of the decentralization–organizational performance link, our study enriches understanding of the key role that formal leaders play for achieving the strategic goals of decentralized decision‐making in organizations.
Serum Bile Acids as Markers of Juvenile Liver Disease in α1‐Antitrypsin Deficiency
Authors: Nemeth Antal , Samuelson Kickan , Strandvik Birgitta 
Published: January 2024

SummarySerum bile acids were studied in 34 patients, aged 7/12 to 20 years, with α1‐antitrypsin deficiency. Of these patients, 27 were of Pi‐phenotype Z and 7 of SZ. Liver biopsy according to Menghini was performed in 19 patients. Fasting serum levels of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids, determined by radioimmunoassay, were compared to conventional liver function tests and liver morphology. All patients with morphological liver cirrhosis had increased fasting levels of serum bile acids. The other patients, including those with severe fibrosis, had normal values. Although standard liver function tests were more pathological in the cirrhotic patients than in the others, serum fasting bile acids seemed to be the most distinct markers of severe liver disease.
Serum D‐Xylose Absorption Tests
Authors: McDonald Philip J. , Powell Geraldine K. , Goldblum Randall M. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryWe evaluated the use of the D‐xylose absorption test as a marker of intestinal mucosal damage following single‐dose oral food challenges in infants suspected of food‐protein‐induced‐enterocolitis. The absorption tests were performed before any challenge, and again after each of four separate food challenges. The response to challenge was judged by five objective criteria (diarrhea, polymorphonuclear leukocytosis, fecal blood, leukocytes, and eosinophils). A significant decrease in the group mean for serum xylose was seen following positive challenges. The l‐h serum xylose level prior to any challenge was 42 ± 9.5. following negative challenges it was 46 ± 15, and following positive challenges it was 28 ± 4.4, However, there was not a good individual correlation between the challenge response and xylose absorption, so intrasubject variability of the xylose absorption test was examined in six infants who had at least three tests performed before a positive challenge response was encountered. The average standard deviation for these repeated tests was 8.2 mg/dl, and the coefficient of variability was 12.6%. This would suggest that, in utilizing this test to assess mucosal damage following oral food challenges or gluten reintroduction, a decrease of 16 mg/dl from the prechallenge values would have to be seen before the difference would exceed two standard deviations. This degree of change was not seen in any patient following a single oral food challenge.
Clinical Associations of Stool Astrovirus in Childhood
Authors: Nazer Hisham , Rice Stephen , Walker‐Smith John A. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryFrom among 1,248 stool specimens examined during the 2‐year period, February 1979 to February 1981, astrovirus was detected by electron microscopy in 42 specimens from 28 children. Diarrhoea was an invariable clinical feature; vomiting occurred in 18 children, abdominal pain in 7, and mild dehydration in 5. Fourteen of the children with acute diarrhoea were admitted directly to the gastroenteritis unit. The other 14 children developed their acute diarrhoea sometime after hospital admission. Although the excretion of astrovirus was associated with mild gastroenteritis, the presence of other enteric pathogens in 16 of the 28 children limited the degree to which the clinical symptoms could be attributed to astrovirus alone. Transient monosaccharide intolerance lasting 1 to 2 days occurred in 18 children, and cow's milk protein intolerance requiring milk elimination for several months was a sequel in 3 children.
Loperamide Modifies Escherichia coli, Heat‐Stable Enterotoxin‐Induced Intestinal Secretion
Authors: Watt Jean , Candy David C. A. , Gregory Brian , Tripp John H. , Harries John T. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryWe have shown previously that loperamide, an opiate analogue, inhibits cholera‐toxin‐ and prostaglandin E2‐induced secretion in the rat small intestine. In these studies loperamide modified secretion induced by partially purified Escherichia coli, heat‐stable enterotoxin in infant mice. The drug was effective whether administered before or after established secretion. These experiments provide further suggestive evidence that loperamide has a broad spectrum of antisecretory activity.
Immunoregulatory T Subsets in Chronic Active Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Pignata Claudio , Vajro Pietro , Troncone Riccardo , Monaco Giuseppe , Ciriaco Maria 
Published: January 2024

SummaryImmunoregulatory T subsets, defined by monoclonal antibodies, were enumerated in children affected by HBsAg‐positive chronic active hepatitis. The helper to suppressor/cytotoxic cells ratio was lower in patients than in age‐matched controls. The lower ratio was mainly due to an increase of lymphocytes of the suppressor/cytotoxic phenotype. Helper cells were even fewer in severe chronic hepatitis patients, thereby lowering still further the helper/suppressor ratio. Therapy seemed to influence the ratio in patients affected by moderate active chronic hepatitis, for four of eight children treated with azathioprine and prednisone had a ratio within −1 SD of normal values. The increase of the suppressor/cytotoxic cells in patients affected by chronic hepatitis might be a means for limiting virus‐induced cell hyperactivity.
Plasma Amino Acids After a Feed of Human Milk or Formula at Three Months of Age
Authors: Tikanoja T. , Simell O. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryPrefeeding plasma amino acid concentrations were higher and glycine‐to‐valine ratios lower in formula‐fed infants as compared to breast‐fed infants at 3 months of age. After a human milk meal (true protein, 0.8 g/100 ml) or formula meal (1.5 g/100 ml), all essential and several nonessential amino acids peaked at 30–60 min. The postprandial increments were greater and lasted longer after formula, reflecting the amounts of individual amino acids in the feeds. The changes resembled those seen in adults, and were smaller than those observed in these infants at 1 week of age. These data indicate that gastrointestinal, hepatic, and endocrine responses to a meal are immature at the age of 3 months.
Chronic Relapsing Pancreatitis in Childhood Caused by Pancreaticobiliary Ductal Anomaly
Authors: Karp Melvyn P. , Jewett Theodore C. , Cooney Donald R. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryChronic relapsing pancreatitis is a rare childhood disease. Although various obstructive phenomena have been implicated in its etiology, few reports have described the role played by anomalies of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system. Recently, a patient with a complex anomalous ductal communication was treated by us for chronic relapsing pancreatitis. This particular anomaly, and its clinical presentation, has not previously appeared in the literature. The problems associated with the diagnosis and surgical management of this patient have prompted this report.