bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Musculoskeletal disorders and their associated factors among individuals with diabetes mellitus in northwest Nigeria
Authors: Hassan Halima Ibrahim , Kaka Bashir , Sharaye Kolade Oladele , Abdulaziz Umar , Sada Aisha , Fatoye Francis , Ibrahim Aminu Alhassan 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing public health problem causing a significant amount of disability and mortality in Nigeria. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common complications associated with DM. However, studies on the prevalence of MSDs and their associated factors are limited in Nigeria, particularly in the northwest region. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of MSDs and their associated factors among individuals with DM in northwest, Nigeria.Material and methodsA retrospective cross-sectional survey of medical case records of all consecutive patients with DM attending a diabetic clinic in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria was conducted be-tween February 2015 and September 2021. Data on sociodemographic and clinical variables was collected using a researcher-designed questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression models.ResultsFour hundred eighty-nine cases (170 men [34.8%], 319 females [65.2%]; mean age: 51.4 ±12.3 years) were analysed. The majority of the participants had type 2 DM (96.7%), with a mean DM duration of 7.02 ±5.05 years. The overall prevalence of MSDs was 32.7%, with the highest prevalence found for lumbosacral spondylosis (11%) followed by knee osteoarthritis (8.4%). Among the different potential predictors examined, only duration of DM was significantly associated with overall MSDs (AOR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.04–2.98; <i>p</i> = 0.035) whereas both duration of DM (AOR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.19–5.89; <i>p</i> = 0.018) and body mass index (AOR: 7.461, 95% CI: 1.33–43.8; <i>p</i> = 0.023) were significantly associated with lumbosacral spondylosis.ConclusionsApproximately one-third of the study participants had MSDs, with lumbosacral spondylosis being the most frequently occurring disorder. Being obese and having a longer duration of DM were associated with MSDs. Clinicians in Nigeria need to pay attention to MSDs and related factors in DM patients by conducting routine assessments and implementing early treatment.
Connecting competitor, stress-tolerator and ruderal (CSR) theory and Lund Potsdam Jena managed Land 5 (LPJmL 5) to assess the role of environmental conditions, management and functional diversity for grassland ecosystem functions
Authors: Wirth Stephen Björn , Poyda Arne , Taube Friedhelm , Tietjen Britta , Müller Christoph , Thonicke Kirsten , Linstädter Anja , Behn Kai , Schaphoff Sibyll , von Bloh Werner , Rolinski Susanne 
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Forage offtake, leaf biomass and soil organic carbon storage are important ecosystem services of permanent grasslands, which are determined by climatic conditions, management and functional diversity. However, functional diversity is not independent of climate and management, and it is important to understand the role of functional diversity and these dependencies for ecosystem services of permanent grasslands, since functional diversity may play a key role in mediating impacts of changing conditions. Large-scale ecosystem models are used to assess ecosystem functions within a consistent framework for multiple climate and management scenarios. However, large-scale models of permanent grasslands rarely consider functional diversity. We implemented a representation of functional diversity based on the competitor, stress-tolerator and ruderal (CSR) theory and the global spectrum of plant form and function into the Lund Potsdam Jena managed Land (LPJmL) dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM) forming LPJmL-CSR. Using a Bayesian calibration method, we parameterised new plant functional types (PFTs) and used these to assess forage offtake, leaf biomass, soil organic carbon storage and community composition of three permanent grassland sites. These are a temperate grassland and a hot and a cold steppe for which we simulated several management scenarios with different defoliation intensities and resource limitations. LPJmL-CSR captured the grassland dynamics well under observed conditions and showed improved results for forage offtake, leaf biomass and/or soil organic carbon (SOC) compared to the original LPJmL 5 version at the three grassland sites. Furthermore, LPJmL-CSR was able to reproduce the trade-offs associated with the global spectrum of plant form and function, and similar strategies emerged independent of the site-specific conditions (e.g. the C and R PFTs were more resource exploitative than the S PFT). Under different resource limitations, we observed a shift in the community composition. At the hot steppe, for example, irrigation led to a more balanced community composition with similar C, S and R PFT shares of aboveground biomass. Our results show that LPJmL-CSR allows for explicit analysis of the adaptation of grassland vegetation to changing conditions while explicitly considering functional diversity. The implemented mechanisms and trade-offs are universally applicable, paving the way for large-scale application. Applying LPJmL-CSR for different climate change and functional diversity scenarios may generate a range of future grassland productivities.
Increasing Value in Subspecialty Training: A Comparison of Variation in Surgical Complications for Pediatric Versus Other Fellowship-trained American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery Candidates in the Treatment of Supracondylar Fractures
Authors: Ottesen Taylor D. , Amick Michael , Kirwin David S. , Mercier Michael R. , Brand Jordan , Frumberg David B. , Grauer Jonathan N. , Rubin Lee E. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
The effect of orthopaedic fellowship subspecialization on surgical complications for patients with supracondylar fracture is unknown. This study seeks to compare the effect of subspecialty training on supracondylar fracture complications.

Methods:
The American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery Part II Examination Case List database was reviewed for all supracondylar fractures from 1999 to 2016. Procedures were divided by fellowship subspecialty (trauma, pediatric, or other) and case volume and assessed by surgeon-reported surgical complications. Predictive factors of complications were analyzed using a binary multivariate logistic regression.

Results:
Of 10,961 supracondylar fractures identified, 53.47% were done by pediatric fellowship-trained surgeons. Pediatric-trained surgeons had fewer surgical complications compared with their trauma or other trained peers (4.54%, 5.67%, and 6.24%; P = 0.001). Treatment by pediatric-trained surgeons reduced surgical complications (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.66 to 0.94; P = 0.010), whereas increased case volume (31+ cases) showed no significant effect (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.62 to 1.02; P = 0.068). Patient sex, age, and year of procedure did not affect complication rates, while those treated in the Southeast region of the United States and those with a complex fracture type were at increased odds.

Discussion:
Treatment of supracondylar fractures by pediatric-trained surgeons demonstrates reduced surgeon-reported complications compared with their other fellowship-trained counterparts, whereas case volume does not. This suggests the value of fellowship training beyond pertinent surgical caseload among pediatric-trained surgeons and may lie in targeted education efforts.
RAMIFICATIONS OF INDIA’S NAVAL BUILD-UP IN NUCLEAR REALMS
Authors: Bibi Gulshan , Lee Brice Tseen Fu 
Published: January 2024

The naval build-up of India in contemporary times reflects its major power ambitions. Owing to its development of advanced naval capabilities coupled with its long-standing desire to develop a blue-water navy is a major driver of this build up. These blue water ambitions stir instability in Indian Ocean Region (IOR) affecting Pakistan’s threat perceptions. The most important development in the region's stability and security architecture is the addition of second-strike capacity to the sea, which carries serious consequences. Hence, it is pertinent to address the question of strategic stability regarding the development of India’s sea based nuclear capabilities. This paper explores Indian naval nuclear developments and their repercussions for the security environment of South Asia. It establishes that nuclearization of Indian Ocean is leading to aggressive arms build-up in South Asia and subsequent risk of nuclear accidents, sabotage and command and control vulnerabilities.

Bibliography Entry
Bibi, Gulshan and Brice Tseen Fu Lee. 2023. "Ramifications of India’s Naval Buildup in Nuclear Realms." Margalla Papers 27 (2): 1-13.
From Death Row to Freedom
Authors: Hubbart Phillip A. 
Published: January 2024

This book is an insider’s account of the case of Freddie Pitts and Wilbert Lee, two Black men who were wrongfully charged and convicted of the murder of two white gas station attendants in Port St. Joe, Florida, in 1963, and sentenced to death. Phillip Hubbart, a defense lawyer for Pitts and Lee for more than 10 years, examines the crime, the trial, and the appeals with both a keen legal perspective and an awareness of the endemic racism that pervaded the case and obstructed justice. Hubbart discusses how the case against Pitts and Lee was based entirely on confessions obtained from the defendants and an alleged “eyewitness” through prolonged, violent interrogations and how local authorities repeatedly rejected later evidence pointing to the real killer, a white man well known to the Port St. Joe police. The book follows the case’s tortuous route through the Florida courts to the defendants’ eventual exoneration in 1975 by the Florida governor and cabinet. From Death Row to Freedom is a thorough chronicle of deep prejudice in the courts and brutality at the hands of police during the civil rights era of the 1960s.
I věci mají své osudy. Ke sporům o pozůstalost Františka Weyra
Authors: Tauchen Jaromír 
Published: January 2024

Františka Weyra je možné bez pochyby považovat za největší osobnost v historii Právnické fakulty Masarykovy univerzity a nejvýznamnějšího českého právníka první poloviny dvacátého století. Weyr po sobě nezanechal nejen vlastní vědeckou školu nazývanou jako normativní teorie, která v pojetí jeho žáků přežívala i po jeho smrti, nýbrž i nevydané rukopisy, vilu a řadu movitých věcí. Jejich dalším osudům se věnuje tento příspěvek, který byl vypracován na základě provedeného archivního výzkumu a mj. analyzuje právní spory, jež v padesátých a šedesátých letech minulého století vedla jeho manželka Helena Weyrová. Do těchto sporů se přímo i nepřímo zapojili další profesoři v té době již zrušené brněnské právnické fakulty, jako byl Vladimír Vybral či Vladimír Kubeš.
Regulating Access to Big Data? – Between Ex-Ante and Ex-Post Economic Regulation
Authors: Dacar Rok 
Published: January 2024

Big Data can be a monopolistic bottleneck that restricts access to downstream markets of companies that do not control the appropriate set of Big Data. This article examines both the drawbacks of competition law when applied to Big Data-driven markets as well as different possible forms of ex-ante economic regulation of access to Big Data, all with the aim of answering the research question: Is ex-post economic regulation alone insufficient to ensure access to competitively relevant Big Data, and if so, what type of ex-ante economic regulation would be most effective? In doing so it concludes that competition law is not a suitable primary tool for requesting access to Big Data for several reasons, in particular because competition law procedures are lengthy, market definition is difficult in the absence of a monetary price for the product, and markets driven by Big Data tend to be structurally inefficiently competitive. Asymmetrical ex-ante regulation is identified as the most appropriate form of regulating access to Big Data.
The 1936 D.I. Kazantsev’s Report and its Significance in the History of Horticulture in the Middle Urals
Authors:   Sverdlovsk Selection Station for Horticulture — the Structural Subdivision of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Ekaterinburg, Russia), Slepneva Tatiana , Kiseleva Olga ,   Sverdlovsk Selection Station for Horticulture — the Structural Subdivision of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Ekaterinburg, Russia), Korolenko Gennadij ,   Museum of History of the Middle Urals’ Horticulture (Ekaterinburg, Russia)
Published: January 2024

The publication introduces into scientific circulation the historical document compiled by Dmitry Ivanovich Kazantsev, an amateur selectionist who pioneered the fruit gardening in the Middle Urals. His name is memorized in the history of Ekaterinburg with a memorial object — the D. I. Kazantsev’s Fruit Garden which has existed for more than a century. The published report “My Work, Observations and Achievements for the Year 1936” is written with the author’s characteristic pedantry and gives an idea of the popular trends and practical methods of gardening in the early 1930s Sverdlovsk. The document allows judging on the author’s social circle and business connections. Together with other selectionists, D. I. Kazantsev took part in overcoming such a problem as scarcity of fruit varieties in the Urals. Samples from his garden were involved in the broad-scale works on hybridization started by the Sverdlovsk Zonal Fruit and Berry Experimental Station named after. I. V. Michurin since 1935. D.I. Kazantsev’s detailed report was compiled in connection with the organization of these studies, and therefore in many ways resembles a scientific text. It describes the history of raising the original apple-tree variety — Kordik, contains a lot of details about the phenology, productivity, stability and other characteristic features of old-time varieties and hybrids of apple-trees which are still of interest and allow comparing with current varieties. The published document may be of interest to specialists studying the period of collectivization and industrialization of Soviet society, the history of horticulture and fruit growing in the Urals, as well as to modern selectionists and gardening experimentalists.
Strategic Financial Management: Exploring the Interplay between Strategic Orientation and Financial Decision-Making in Corporate Settings
Authors: Chowdhury Ishtiaq Uz Zaman , Safdar Zoya , Adnan Muhammad , Batool Fatima , Ali Waqas , Abbasi Muhammad Usama , Khan Khushnoor 
Published: January 2024

This research aims to enhance comprehension of the relationship between decision-making styles and management and organisational success techniques. The intellectual and practical aspects of the strategic approach to organisational success are first highlighted in this work. Then, this study strengthens the conclusions of previous research on strategic enablers by clarifying the effort required in making decisions to strengthen the managerial structure, particularly the apparent and sensible decision-making styles that little the relationship between the planning process and corporate performance. In conclusion, this study suggests a methodology for evaluating the relationship between business performance and managerial strategy.
Doktrin Qadar Dalam Islam: Memahami Dinamika antara Free Will dan Determinisme
Authors: Sa'diyah Futikatus , Sani Azwar 
Published: January 2024

Dinamika antara kebebasan kehendak dan determinisme dalam doktrin Qadar dalam Islam memunculkan perdebatan panjang. Konsep Qadar mencakup elemen-elemen deterministik yang kuat, seperti ketetapan Allah, takdir, pengujian, dan pengetahuan Allah tentang masa depan Ini menciptakan keseimbangan unik antara determinisme dan kebebasan manusia dalam Islam. Pemikiran kontemporer tentang Qadar mencerminkan keragaman pandangan, termasuk perdebatan antara tradisionalis dan modernis, serta pertanyaan tentang sejauh mana determinisme mempengaruhi kebebasan manusia. Berbagai pendekatan interpretatif terhadap Qadar dalam Islam mencerminkan keragaman budaya, sosial, dan intelektual dalam dunia Muslim. Diskusi tentang kebebasan kehendak dan determinisme dalam konteks Qadar adalah isu yang kompleks dan mendalam dalam pemikiran Islam. Konsep Qadar mencakup elemen deterministik yang kuat, tetapi juga mengakui kebebasan manusia dalam membuat pilihan. Penelitian ini mengadopsi pendekatan kualitatif yang mendalam dan berfokus pada analisis literatur. Sebagian besar data diperoleh dari karya-karya cendekiawan dan pemikir terkemuka yang membahas konsep Qadar dalam Islam. Penelitian ini dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research). Data sekunder juga diambil dari buku-buku kalam dan jurnal yang relevan. Pendekatan eksploratif-fenomenologis digunakan untuk mendalamkan pemahaman tentang konsep Qadar dalam konteks Islam.
Kata Kunci: Kebebasan Kehendak; Determinisme; Qadar; Islam.
The dynamics between free will and determinism in the doctrine of Qadar in Islam have sparked lengthy debates. The concept of Qadar encompasses strong deterministic elements, such as Allah's decree, destiny, testing, and Allah's knowledge of the future. This creates a unique balance between determinism and human freedom in Islam. Contemporary thinking on Qadar reflects a diversity of perspectives, including debates between traditionalists and modernists, as well as questions about the extent to which determinism influences human freedom. Various interpretative approaches to Qadar in Islam reflect cultural, social, and intellectual diversity within the Muslim world. Discussions about free will and determinism in the context of Qadar are complex and profound issues in Islamic thought. The concept of Qadar includes strong deterministic elements but also acknowledges human freedom in making choices. This research adopts a deep qualitative approach focusing on literature analysis. Most of the data are derived from the works of scholars and leading thinkers who discuss the concept of Qadar in Islam. This research can be classified as library research. Secondary data are also drawn from relevant philosophy books and journals. An exploratory-phenomenological approach is used to deepen the understanding of the concept of Qadar in the context of Islam.
Keywords: Free Will; Determinism; Qadar; Islam.
ANTIPLATELET MEDICATIONS IN HEMODIALYSIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Giovani Calista , Monica Carissa Theodora , Priska Adelin Claudia 
Published: January 2024

Background: Vascular access failure is a common complication seen among hemodialysis (HD) patients. Antiplatelet (AP) medications are often prescribed to help reduce thrombosis and increase vascular access patency. Studies on AP agents evaluating the bleeding risk for HD patients have produced inconsistent results. We aimed to investigate the utilization of AP medications among patients who undergo hemodialysis (HD). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies on AP medicaations used in HD therapy.
Methods: This systematic review used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 as standards. Inclusion criteria for literature eligibility are full-text literature, written in english, and published between 2014 and 2024. Exclusion criteria used for this study were editorials, review articles and identical journal that has been published, and submissions without DOI. Literatures were collected from online reference sources like Pubmed and SagePub.
Result: In the PubMed database, the results of our search brought up 23 articles, whereas the results of our search on SagePub brought up 19 articles. The results of the search conducted for the last year of 2014 yielded a total 9 articles for PubMed and 5 articles for SagePub. In the end, we compiled a total of 5 papers, 4 of which came from PubMed and 1 of which came from SagePub. We included five research that met the criteria.
Conclusion: AP medications are given in HD patients with high cardiovascular commorbidities to increase vascular patency and prevent thrombosis. Aspirin and P2Y12 inhibitors (PI) such as clopidogrel are commonly used. AP medications might cause shortened longevity of AV access for HD patients. The benefits of AP therapy for cardiovascular protection needs to be evaluated along with its possible effect on AVG outcomes.
Pengaruh Media Dan Penanganan Benih Terhadap Pertumbuhan Semai Nyamplung (Calopyllum Inophylum)
Authors: Suryawan Ady Suryawan 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media (topsoil dan cocopeat) dan perlakuan pada benih (kontrol,perendaman, peretakan cangkang dan pengupasan cangkang) terhadap pertumbuhan benih nyamplung dari PulauTalise hingga umur 3 bulan. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan parameter pengamatan tinggi,diameter, kekokohan semai, dan indeks mutu bibit. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa karakter pertumbuhannyamplung dipengaruhi oleh media dan penanganan benih. Media cocopeat akan meningkatkan viabilitas namunmenurunkan tingkat pertumbuhan, sehingga diperlukan penyapihan dengan media yang lebih subur saat penyapihan.Penanganan benih dengan pengupasan cangkang memiliki pengaruh paling baik terhadap pertumbuhan dan kualitasbibit. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, pembibitan nyamplung diperlukan bedeng tabur skarifikasi dengan media cocopeatdan perlakuan pengupasan cangkang sebelum di sapih.