bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved Flame Retardancy and Tensile Property of Aramid Fiber‐Reinforced Aluminum Hydroxide/Zinc Borate/Low‐Density Polyethylene Composites
Authors: Yu Xuxu , Feng Chuang , Cao Kuang , Hang Ziyan , Zhang Jinzhu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLow‐density polyethylene (LDPE) is a preferred material for engineering applications due to its flexibility and erosion resistance. However, LDPE demonstrates inherent flammability with limiting oxygen index (LOI) being around 17.5%. This work aims to enhance flame retardancy and tensile property of LDPE by incorporating aluminum hydroxide (ATH), zinc borate (ZB), and aramid fibers (AF). The reinforced LDPE containing 1.5 wt% AFs exhibits optimal flame retardancy among the samples as tested. Compared to the composites without AFs, the melt flow index of the composites is reduced by 95.5%, the LOI increased by 4.48% and a UL‐94 V‐0 rating is achieved. The thermogravimetric analysis test shows that the final residual mass reaches 44.2%. The cone calorimeter tests reveal the heat release rate is 110.0 kW/m2 and the smoke production rate is 0.016 m2/s, which are declined by 3.7% and 14.3%, respectively. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy prove that the tensile action of AFs plays an active role in the formation of stable char which is beneficial for flame‐retardant performances. Apart from enhanced flame retardancy, the tensile strength of the reinforced composites reaches an increase of over 50% while meeting flame‐retardant requirements.
Promoting Effect of Synergetic Nucleating Agent on Crystallization Behavior of Polylactic Acid
Authors: Hu Yongxiang , Shen Hongwang , Ni Huali , Liu Yuanbiao , Zhang Lina , Ju Guannan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTModulating the crystallization behavior of polylactic acid (PLA) is significant for expanding its application range. In this article, a synergetic nucleating agent of talc and D‐sorbitol combination is incorporated into PLA via melt blending to enhance the crystallization of PLA. Then, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is employed to study the nonisothermal and isothermal crystallization behaviors, and the analysis of isothermal crystallization kinetics is carried out according to the Avrami equation, which has confirmed that the synergetic nucleating agent can promote the increase of the crystallinity from 3.5% to 43.8% and enhance the crystallization rate. Meanwhile, the analysis of Lauritzen–Hoffman's secondary nucleation theory reveals an obvious decline in the nucleation constant and fold surface free energy of PLA chains, which means a superior nucleating efficiency. Furthermore, the results of polarized optical microscopy (POM) demonstrated that the addition of the synergetic nucleating agent resulted in a greater number of spherical crystals with smaller sizes simultaneously visible in the field of view, indicating the synergetic nucleating agent promotion effect on PLA crystallization.
Spiritual and religious information experiences: An Annual Review of Information Science and Technology (ARIST) paper
Authors: Caidi Nadia , Nangia Pranay , Samson Hugh , Ekmekcioglu Cansu , Olsson Michael 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis chapter examines the contours of the religious and spiritual information experiences subfield through a review and content analysis of selected contributions from the past two decades in both information science and related fields. The research question that guides this review is: How have spirituality and religion been conceptualized in information science? Our focus has been on the LIS literature along with the fields of information behavior/practice/literacy, as well as related fields such as human–computer interaction (HCI), media and digital studies, religious studies (including sociology and anthropology of religion or religious tourism). Our aim was to highlight the ways in which the information science literature has contributed to advancing these conversations (using a collections/service/user experience or practice lens), but also how the discussions around the sacred, lived religion, contemplation, conversion or techno‐spiritual practices (to name a few) have provided insights into information phenomena and processes. We also discuss the evolution of, and practices associated with, social media and digital practices as well as a discussion of representation (or the lack thereof) of less mainstream religious and spiritual traditions in the literature reviewed. We end with suggestions for future research directions.
Global, Regional, and National Burden of Male Breast Cancer, 1990–2021: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Authors: Wang Long , Wen Ping , Shao Qing , Jiang Dongping , Zhao Yulan , Zeng Xiaohua 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMale breast cancer (MBC) is rare and often treated using evidence from female breast cancer (BC) trials due to limited male participation. Previous estimates lacked global coverage and completeness. We aimed to quantify the global MBC burden from 1990 to 2021 and evaluate its current status and trends.MethodsBased on the global burden of disease (GBD) database, we gathered and analyzed data on the incidence, death, and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) of MBC while utilizing age‐standardized rates (ASRs) as indicators for these measurements. Our study calculated the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC), aiming at measuring the average change in ASRs. Additionally, we evaluated the attributable risk factors (RFs) and trends of MBC across different regions and age groups worldwide.ResultsIn 2021, the global MBC age‐standardized incidence rates (ASIR), age‐standardized death rates (ASDR), and age‐standardized DALY rates (ASDALY) per 100,000 persons were 0.941 (95% UI, 0.605–1.155), 0.335 (95% UI, 0.232–0.409), and 9.157 (95% UI, 6.116–11.423), respectively. In comparison to 1990, these rates have increased by 2.212 (95% UI, 2.047–2.378), 0.664 (95% UI, 0.562–0.767), and 0.853 (95% UI, 0.750–0.956) respectively. In Uganda 2021, the ASIR and ASDR of MBC were the highest at 4.541 (95% UI, 3.028–6.808) and 3.510 (95% UI, 2.301–5.195) per 100,000 persons, respectively. Moreover, the burden of MBC exhibited an increase with age. Globally, dietary risk was the most important attributable RF for MBC deaths, with a death percentage of 11.690% (95% UI, −0.003%–24.838%), followed by alcohol use and tobacco.ConclusionFrom 1990 to 2021, the ASIR, ASDR, and ASDALY of MBC have shown significant disparities and an increasing trend. Committing to healthy lifestyle choices, such as decreasing tobacco and alcohol consumption and making positive changes to dietary habits, can assist in reducing MBC risk. The development and execution of robust and effective public health policies are crucial for alleviating the global disease burden.
Exploring the Synthesis and Properties of Fluorinated Cationic Triangulenes and Their Precursors
Authors: Kaur Ramandeep , Moutet Jules , Mills David D. , Gianetti Thomas L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFluorination of tris(2,6‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐methylium ((DMP)3C+) was achieved through the partial defluorination of the methyl 2,3,5,6‐tetrafluorobenzoate via nucleophilic aromatic substitution. Using the fluorinated 2F((DMP)3C+) as a precursor, fluorinated tetramethoxy‐ and dimethoxyquin‐ acridinium salts (2F4 and 2F5 respectively) and trioxo‐, azadioxo‐, and diazaoxo‐ triangulenium salts (2F6, 2F7 and 2F8 respectively) were synthesized successfully in good to moderate yields. Fluorination induced significant red shifts in absorption (16 to 29 nm) and emission (13 to 41 nm) maxima, and increased electrophilicity as evidenced by lower reduction potentials. X‐ray structural analysis showed distinct packing patterns compared to the non‐fluorinated analogues, indicating the presence of molecular dipoles.
Neural Sensitivity to Ambiguous Social Exclusion Reflects Information Processing Bias in Midadolescents With Higher Levels of Aggression
Authors: Riggle Elise , Schmidt Louis A. , Lahat Ayelet , Crowley Michael J. , Tang Alva 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAggression is commonly associated with increased experiences of peer rejection and maladaptive social information processing biases throughout development. Little is known about the neural correlates of peer rejection that might underlie social information processing biases, and whether these neural correlates are common or different across early‐ and mid‐adolescents on a continuum of aggression. Using the Cyberball task, we examined mediofrontal theta (4–7 Hz) event‐related EEG spectral power during conditions of explicit and ambiguous social exclusion in 117 participants (57 early adolescents, ages 10–12 years, and 60 mid‐adolescents, ages 14–16 years). Participants with at least 10 artifact‐free trials per condition were included in further EEG analysis. In total, 95 participants (42 early adolescents, 53 mid‐adolescents) were included for further analyses of EEG spectral theta power. Results examining moderation effects between aggression level and age groups showed that mid‐adolescents, but not early adolescents, with higher levels of aggression displayed enhanced theta power during the early processing (200–400 ms) of ambiguous (“not my turn”) exclusion events. The pattern of heightened neural sensitivity to ambiguous exclusion events reflects early detection and inclusion monitoring which might facilitate processing biases that are more prominent among mid‐adolescents with higher levels of aggression.
Design and Validation of an Open–Close Device for Integrated Environmental DNA Sampling Detects A Depth Gradient in Indian Ocean Deep‐Sea Fish Assemblages
Authors: Bessey Cindy , Martini Andrew , Currie Alasdair , Ponsonby Will , Tyndall Aaron , Crossing Ryan , Salazar Vinícius Werneck , Dawkins Kathryn L. , Pogonoski John J. , Moore Glenn , Mortimer Nick , Keesing John K. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAdvances in methods for collecting environmental DNA (eDNA) are revolutionizing biomonitoring capabilities. The goal of this study was to leverage existing survey technology to design and test an eDNA sampler that captures an integrated eDNA sample over the length of a deep‐water transect. We manufactured a 300 × 100 × 100 mm mountable, open‐ended box made of high‐density polyethylene that could be attached to the frame of a preexisting deep tow camera system. The box (OCD; open–close device) was equipped with an actuator that attached to hinged doors at both ends, enabling it to be opened and closed remotely at depths up to 6000 m through preexisting communications, thereby exposing the internal chamber to the surrounding water upon activation. A sterile active carbon sponge was inserted into the internal chamber for eDNA capture during each deployment. The OCD sampler was field tested during a voyage to the Gascoyne Marine Park region off northwest Australia. We compared three different methods for processing the captured eDNA from the sampler: filtering OCD water, extracting eDNA from sponge pieces, and filtering sponge rinse water. Using fish as our example organism, we also compared the identities of fishes from eDNA detections with bottom trawl survey data collected during the same survey, and the known regional species pool, to confirm the eDNA identifications were plausible. A large number of fishes (193 taxa, from 87 families) were detected, and the majority were found within their expected depth ranges (> 75%), and in the trawl catches (60%). We discuss design and manufacturing lessons, ideas for increased eDNA capture efficiency for improved methodologies in sample processing, and how to establish appropriate field controls. We also discuss how this technology could advance our scientific understanding in ocean studies in terms of ecological metrics provided and the trade‐offs compared to other sampling tools.
Fish eDNA Composition Along a Gradient of Freshwater eDNA in an Estuarine Bay
Authors: Homma Shota , Hosokawa Shinya , Komuro Takashi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMetabarcoding of environmental DNA (eDNA) is becoming practically applied to fish monitoring and conservation surveys in estuaries. However, estuarine bays may be an unsuitable zone to use eDNA metabarcoding because they are affected by eDNA originating from upstream rivers. In this study, the transition of eDNA composition from river to bay was examined to investigate the influence of freshwater sources on the eDNA composition of the downstream bay. Samples were collected in a bay spanning around 1 km and an upstream river under high and low tide within 1 day in November and in January. The samples were analyzed by using eDNA metabarcoding for fish species and species‐specific quantitative analysis for the freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio. Our findings reveal that the eDNA of freshwater fishes was drastically diluted in the model estuarine bay. As a result, the relative‐read‐based composition clearly changed from riverine to marine environments, and the freshwater inflow had little effect on the relative‐read‐based composition at those sites. However, eDNA from freshwater fishes was widely detected in the bay by species‐specific and metabarcoding analysis, suggesting that fresh water may have a more significant impact when focusing on presence/absence‐based composition. Our study also found that the transition zone for the concentration of freshwater eDNA fluctuated spatiotemporally with tides, indicating that the degree of influence from the river varies with tide. Therefore, prior measurement of the distribution of freshwater fish eDNA at low tide would help to conservatively determine better sampling sites and design more reliable sampling in estuaries.
A sustainable mixed diet for children without compromising nutritional needs: The vitamin B12 issue
Authors: Kalhoff Hermann , Kersting Mathilde , Sinningen Kathrin , Lücke Thomas 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGlobal climate change requires a paradigm change in diets, especially in affluent countries, with a reduction of animal‐based food, including children. This will have direct consequences for Vitamin B12 supply as animal‐based foods are the only food source. We examined these potential consequences using the German food based dietary guidelines for infants, children, and adults in Germany as the basis for the model calculation. The guidelines for 4 representative age groups were examined, representing exclusive milk feeding (2 months), complementary feeding (8 months), and mixed family diet (children: 4–6 years, adolescents: 11–14 years). For each age group (except 2 months), the contribution of animal‐based food groups (milk/dairy, meat, fish, eggs) to the total daily intake of vitamin B12 was calculated based on 7‐day menus with recipes for all meals. This allowed us to assess the potential Vitamin B12 deficits due to food group exclusion. Even in the guidelines diets, including exclusive breastfeeding, the vitamin B12 intakes just reached the reference values in all age groups. In infants on complementary feeding and also later in children and adolescents, cow's milk was by far the most important source of vitamin B12. Among the other animal‐based foods, meat (16.9%–23.0%) ranked first, followed by fish (11.0%–16.5%), and eggs (8.1%). In our analysis of the German food‐based guidelines for infant, child, and adolescent diets, the increased planetary health due to reduction of milk intake turned out severely to compromise vitamin B12 intake. In children, a reduction in the consumption of animal foods to improve the health of the planet must be weighed against the risk of inadequate intake of individual nutrients.
The Effects of Blue Light on Locomotion and Cognition in Early Adult Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Han Rui , Zhang Jun , Huang Guan‐Xiong , Yuan Ruo‐Xi , Lian Yun‐Shan , Zhao Meng‐Ying , Lu Yu‐Yuan , Huang Hao , Wang Yu‐Chen , Chen Yi‐Jie , Lo Chung‐Chuan , Tan Yi‐Heng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTArtificial light sources, particularly blue light, have raised concerns about their impact on biological health and behavior. In this study, we explored the effects of blue light on the locomotion and cognitive functions of early adult Drosophila melanogaster. Our experiments were conducted in a custom‐designed behavioral arena to assess how blue light influences these parameters. We found that after ~2 weeks of blue light exposure, the locomotion of fruit flies, including movement speed and activity levels, significantly increased, but these effects disappeared by the third week. However, this exposure also led to a notable reduction in lifespan and had adverse effects on cognitive functions, including attention and short‐term spatial memory. These findings may reveal the profound impacts of blue light on neural behavioral functions and lifespan, highlighting the importance of further research into the biological effects of blue light.
The Roles of Cognitive and Affective Factors on Employees’ Current and Future Pro‐Environmental Behaviors
Authors: Kanojia Honey , Dhiman Neeraj 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe current study investigated the cognitive and affective factors driving employees’ pro‐environmental behaviors (PEBs) in organizations to address a critical gap in sustainability research. Specifically, the roles of anticipated guilt, subjective norms (SNs), and the warm glow effect in shaping current and future green behaviors were examined through partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM). The findings demonstrated that anticipated guilt was the strongest predictor of PEBs, followed by SNs. The warm glow effect was also revealed to partially mediate the relationship between current and future PEBs, which offered alternative insights into the long‐term sustainability of green practices. Resultantly, the findings contributed to the theory of planned behavior and provided practical implications for organizations seeking to foster employees’ continuous environmental commitment while advancing the understanding of the psychological mechanisms underlying sustained workplace PEBs.
Oyster shells as archives of present and past environmental variability and life history traits: A multi‐disciplinary review of sclerochronology methods and applications
Authors: Mouchi Vincent , Andrus C. Fred T. , Checa Antonio G. , Elliot Mary , Griesshaber Erika , Hausmann Niklas , Huyghe Damien , Lartaud Franck , Peharda Melita , de Winter Niels J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOysters inhabit a variety of coastal and deep‐sea settings over a wide latitudinal range and have a role as ecosystem engineers. They also represent an important food source for humans since hunter‐gatherer times, which motivates interest in using oyster shells as environmental and life history archives. Still, oysters have often been disregarded in sclerochronology studies, although several methods based on both microtextural and geochemical approaches have successfully been investigated. We review how these methods have been used to improve interpretations of shell records, and we identify knowledge gaps in a variety of disciplines. Those include ecology to study larval dispersal and growth rates; archaeology to determine shell midden constructions and site occupations; and palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimate reconstructions from tidal to annual timescales. We also suggest standardizing sclerochronology procedures to improve palaeoenvironmental reconstructions and biophysical models on oyster larval dispersal.
Interfacing Nanophotonics with Deep Neural Networks: AI for Photonic Design and Photonic Implementation of AI
Authors: Park Taehyuk , Mondal Sujoy , Cai Wenshan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRecent remarkable progress in artificial intelligence (AI) has garnered tremendous attention from researchers, industry leaders, and the general public, who are increasingly aware of AI's growing impact on everyday life. The advancements of AI and deep learning have also significantly influenced the field of nanophotonics. On the one hand, deep learning facilitates data‐driven strategies for optimizing and solving forward and inverse problems of nanophotonic devices. On the other hand, photonic devices offer promising optical platforms for implementing deep neural networks. This review explores both AI for photonic design and photonic implementation of AI. Various deep learning models and their roles in the design of photonic devices are introduced, analyzing the strengths and challenges of these data‐driven methodologies from the perspective of computational cost. Additionally, the potential of optical hardware accelerators for neural networks is discussed by presenting a variety of photonic devices capable of performing linear and nonlinear operations, essential building blocks of neural networks. It is believed that the bidirectional interactions between nanophotonics and AI will drive the coevolution of these two research fields.
Altered Intra‐ and Inter‐Network Resting‐State Functional Connectivity is Associated with Neuropsychological Functioning and Clinical Symptoms in Patients with Isolated Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder
Authors: Roura Ignacio , Pardo Jèssica , Martín‐Barceló Cristina , Oltra Javier , Campabadal Anna , Sala‐Llonch Roser , Bargalló Núria , Serradell Mònica , Pont‐Sunyer Claustre , Gaig Carles , Mayà Gerard , Montini Angelica , Junqué Carme , Iranzo Alex , Segura Bàrbara 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundIsolated rapid‐eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is characterized by abnormal behaviors in REM sleep and is considered as a prodromal symptom of alpha‐synucleinopathies. Resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) studies have unveiled altered functional connectivity (rsFC) in patients with iRBD. However, the associations between intra‐ and inter‐network rsFC with clinical symptoms and neuropsychological functioning in iRBD remain unclear.ObjectiveTo characterize intra‐ and inter‐network rsFC in iRBD patients using a data‐driven approach and to assess its associations with clinical features and cognitive functioning.MethodsForty‐two patients with iRBD and 45 healthy controls (HC) underwent rsfMRI and comprehensive neuropsychological testing. Resting‐state networks were characterized using independent component analyses. Group differences in intra‐ and inter‐network rsFC and their associations with clinical and neuropsychological data were studied. A threshold of corrected P < 0.05 was used in all the analyses.ResultsiRBD patients displayed lower intra‐network rsFC within basal ganglia, visual, sensorimotor, and cerebellar networks, relative to HC. Mean rsFC strength within the basal ganglia network positively correlated with processing speed and negatively with the non‐motor symptoms in iRBD patients. Reduced inter‐network rsFC between sensorimotor and visual medial networks was observed in iRBD patients, which was associated with global cognitive status.ConclusionsiRBD is characterized by both reductions in intra‐network rsFC in cortical and subcortical networks and inter‐network dysconnectivity between sensorimotor and visual networks. Abnormalities in intra‐ and inter‐network rsFC are associated with cognitive performance and non‐motor symptoms, suggesting the utility of both rsFC measures as imaging markers in prodromal alpha‐synucleinopathies. © 2025 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.