bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Change in subjective well-being and the associated costs of a woman-targeted presbyopia correction programme among older craftswomen in Zanzibar: a cost-outcome and scenario analysis
Authors: Chan Ving Fai , Othman Omar Juma , Yong Ai Chee , Graham Christine , Price-Sanchez Carlos , Pillai Bhagyalaxmi Shivalingam , Holland Eleanor , McConnell Emma , Jones Jamison , Farmer Adrianna , Martins Michelle Fernandes , Shah Kajal , Mulewa Damaris , Graham Ronnie , Mashayo Eden , Omar Fatma 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundA pilot eyecare programme aimed to address the urgent eye health needs of older Zanzibari craftswomen. We investigated the impact of correcting presbyopia on their subjective well-being (SWB) 6 months post-correction and assessed the cost-effectiveness of a women-targeted presbyopia correction programme.MethodsThis study involved Zanzibari craftswomen aged 40 and older with presenting and corrected distance visual acuity better than 6/12 in both eyes and were presbyopic. Using a before–after method, we assessed SWB on a 10-point scale before and after providing free spectacles. Mean SWB scores and differences pre-correction and post-correction were calculated. Programme costs were analysed to determine the cost per SWB score gained and the monthly cost for each SWB score improvement. Additionally, scenario analysis estimated costs for 12 approaches.ResultsOf 282 craftswomen, 209 met the eligibility criteria. SWB scores significantly increased from 3.34 to 8.14 post correction (p<0.001). Screening costs totalled US$12 885.84, with an average cost of US$45.69 per craftswoman screened and US$61.66 per presbyopia identification. The total programme cost was US$14,574.69. One hundred fifty-four craftswomen experienced increased SWB, with a total of 747 score gains. Achieving one SWB score improvement cost an average of US$19.50, with a monthly average cost of US$3.40 per improvement. Utilising woman screeners, organised transport and ready-made spectacles appeared to be the most cost-effective approach.ConclusionCorrecting presbyopia through a targeted eyecare programme significantly enhanced SWB among craftswomen. While the programme seems cost-effective, further research is warranted to explore long-term economic benefits and definitively assess cost-effectiveness in larger studies.
Neuropathic corneal pain following refractive surgery: risk factors, clinical manifestations, imaging and proteomic characteristics
Authors: Teo Calesta Hui Yi , Liu Chang , Lee Isabelle Xin Yu , Lin Molly Tzu-Yu , Liu Fengyi , Toh Charmaine Jan Li , Koh Siew Kwan , Lu Da Qian , Lam Thomas Chuen , Zhou Lei , Tong Louis , Mehta Jodhbir , Liu Yu-Chi 
Published: January 2025

Background/aimsTo identify the risk factors for neuropathic corneal pain (NCP) following corneal refractive surgery and to report its clinical manifestations, imaging and proteomic characteristics.MethodsThis 1 year prospective cohort study included 100 eyes that underwent small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) or laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Ocular surface assessments, in-vivo confocal microscopy scans, tear neuromediators and proteomics analyses were performed. NCP was assessed using the ocular pain assessment survey. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the risk factors associated with postoperative NCP.ResultsThe incidence of NCP was 13.3% and 10.5% after SMILE and LASIK, respectively (p=0.70). In SMILE, preoperative manifest refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE) and spherical power (both p=0.02) were significantly higher in the NCP compared with the non-NCP group. In LASIK, NCP eyes had a significantly lower corneal nerve fibre length (CNFL) (p=0.02), lower nerve fractal dimension (p=0.003), higher nerve fibre width (p=0.04) and larger neuroma area (p=0.04) than non-NCP eyes. In SMILE, higher preoperative MRSE was a significant risk factor for postoperative NCP (95% CI: 0.48—1.96, p=0.04). An MRSE greater than −8.0 diopter was 9.57 times more likely to develop postoperative NCP (OR=9.57, p=0.002). In LASIK, lower preoperative corneal nerve fibre density (95% CI:0.13—1.11, p=0.05) and CNFL (95% CI:0.09—1.25, p=0.05) were significant risk factors for postoperative NCP. Significant increases in tear nerve growth factor, calcitonin gene-related peptide, Frizzled class receptor 7 and nucleoside-diphosphate kinase three were observed in postoperative NCP.ConclusionsThe reported characteristics and risk factors would identify patients susceptible to NCP after corneal refractive surgery.
Burden of micronutrient deficiency among patients with type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mangal Daya Krishan , Shaikh Nida , Tolani Himanshu , Gautam Diksha , Pandey Anuj Kumar , Sonnathi Yeshwanth , Gupta Shiv Dutt , Kalra Sanjay , Sharma Kamlesh Chand , Prasad Jagdish , Tewari Rajeev , Anwar Fahmina 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundMicronutrient deficiencies are a significant issue worldwide, particularly in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. These deficiencies can impact glucose metabolism and insulin signalling pathways, potentially leading to the beginning and advancement of type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study is a comprehensive assessment of the burden of multiple micronutrient deficiencies among T2D patients. The aim of the study is to resolve conflicting evidence from previous studies that mainly focused on one specific micronutrient.MethodsThe systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook. This comprehensive literature search explored Embase, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, LILACS and the grey literature, and studies that met the inclusion criteria. A pre-piloted data extraction sheet was used to extract data for relevant study outcomes and characteristics. Results were produced by R V.4.3.2 (R Core Team 2023 using general packages such as tidyverse, and specific packages such as meta and metafor.ResultsThe analysis included 132 studies with 52 501 participants. The pooled prevalence of multiple micronutrient deficiency (vitamins, minerals and electrolytes) was 45.30% (95% CI 40.35% to 50.30%) among T2D patients. The pooled prevalence (48.62%, 95% CI 42.55 to 54.70) was higher in women with T2D than in men. Vitamin D was the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency (60.45%, 95% CI 55% to 65%), followed by magnesium (41.95%, 95% CI 27% to 56%). B12 deficiency (28.72%, 95% CI 21.08% to 36.37%) was higher in the metformin consuming group. The prevalence of micronutrient deficiency varied across WHO regions.ConclusionsMicronutrient deficiencies were common in T2D patients, the most common being vitamin D deficiency. Women were more likely to be affected by micronutrient deficiency than men. These studies were hospital based and the findings of this systematic review may be used with caution due to inherent selection bias. Diversity of foods, lifestyle choices and cultural practices may contribute to geographic variations in micronutrient deficiency.Trial registrationPROSPERO CRD42023439780.
Descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study of rehabilitation care for poststroke users in Québec during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Vakil Palak , Ferré Perrine , Higgins Johanne , Beaulieu Louis-David , Milot Marie-Helene , Boudrias Marie-Hélène 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, designated rehabilitation centres were established in the province of Québec, where strict sociosanitary measures such as isolation and mandatory personal protection equipment requirements were followed. This study aimed to describe the impact of the pandemic on rehabilitation care indicators for poststroke users with (COV+) and without (COV−) COVID-19 infection in designated rehabilitation centres compared with those admitted in the previous year (pre-COV).MethodA retrospective analysis of 292 medical files was performed in 3 rehabilitation centres. Demographic characteristics were collected, as well as indicators routinely collected in acute care and rehabilitation such as length of stay (LOS), the Functional Independence Measure and a number of physical/occupational therapy (PT/OT) sessions. Non-parametric statistical tests were used to compare variables among the three groups.ResultsCOV+ users were older than COV− and pre-COV ones (p<0.01) and were more disabled on admission to a rehabilitation centre (p<0.01). They also exhibited longer LOS in acute care prior to rehabilitation (p<0.001) and were more often rehospitalised (p<0.002) during the course of their stay in the rehabilitation centre. Despite longer rehabilitation stays (p<0.001) and more PT/OT sessions, COV+ users remained more disabled at discharge (p<0.002). COV− users showed rehabilitation care indicators resembling the ones of pre-COV despite spending less time in rehabilitation.ConclusionsPatients who had a stroke infected with COVID-19 exhibited greater vulnerability on admission to rehabilitation. They required more care and services during their rehabilitation period. However, this additional support did not enable them to achieve the same level of recovery as COV− and pre-COV users. This underscores the added impact of the disease on already impaired patients and highlights the specific needs of COV+ users undergoing rehabilitation.
Lived experiences of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) management: a qualitative phenomenological study in Southwest China
Authors: Chen Ping , Hou Wanting , Li Changlin , Liang Qingyue , Ma Li , Zhao Xiumei , Yi Cheng 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesTo explore the lived experiences of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer enrolled in a patient-reported outcomes (PROs) management programme and to preliminarily understand how PROs management influences various aspects of patient care and overall quality of life.DesignA qualitative phenomenological study.SettingA national cancer care centre in Southwest China specialised in cancer care, with a comprehensive PROs management programme.Participants15 participants diagnosed with advanced pancreatic cancer.ResultsFive key themes emerged from our interviews, including enhanced communication with healthcare providers, attributed to the structured nature of PROs; increased perceived sense of care, with patients feeling more valued and heard; PROs management facilitated better treatment decision-making, with patients feeling more involved and empowered; improved communication with family members, aiding in better understanding and support; and varied perceptions of the impact on quality of life, with some noting improvements in specific aspects like symptom management, while others were uncertain about the overall benefit.ConclusionsPROs management plays a significant role in improving communication between patients with advanced pancreatic cancer and their healthcare providers, enhancing patients’ involvement in treatment decisions, and potentially improving family dynamics. However, the impact of PROs management on the overall quality of life of patients remains complex and individualised. The findings suggest that further research with a more diverse patient population is needed to fully understand the implications of PROs management in advanced cancer care.
Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among garment workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gebrye Tadesse , Mbada Chidozie , Apeagyei Phoebe , Fatoye Francis 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundGarment workers are at high risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) due to repetitive physical tasks, long working hours and varying workstations. As there is no existing epidemiological overview of MSDs among garment workers, this systematic review aimed to evaluate the global evidence on prevalence of MSDs in this population.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science electronic databases were searched to identify studies published in English up to November 2022. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate pooled prevalence.ResultsThe search yielded 258 published studies, of which 14 were deemed relevant and were included in this review. The included studies reported prevalence from India (n=3), Bangladesh (n=2), Ethiopia (n=2), Thailand (n=2), Botswana (n=1), Iran (n=1), Sri Lanka (n=1), Cambodia (n=1) and Denmark (n=1) and involved 15 029 garment workers. Most of the included studies (79%) were assessed to be methodologically sound (low risk of bias). The mean age of participants ranged from 24.2 to 40 years. The prevalence of MSDs ranged from 15.5% to 92%. The pooled prevalence of MSDs from nine studies was 65.6% (95% CI 44.5% to 51.9%). Low back pain and neck pain were reported as the common MSDs in the included studies.ConclusionsThe findings highlight the considerable risk of MSDs, especially low back and neck pain, linked to repetitive tasks, extended hours and inconsistent workstations. Given the heavy toll of MSDs on this workforce, targeted interventions and ergonomic improvements are crucial to mitigate the risks and improve garment workers’ well-being.
Self-reported sexually transmitted infections and associated factors among sexually active men in East Africa: a multilevel analysis of recent demographic and health surveys
Authors: Negussie Yohannes Mekuria , Fente Bezawit Melak , Asmare Zufan Alamrie , Asnake Angwach Abrham , Bezie Meklit Melaku , Asebe Hiwot Atlaye , Seifu Beminate Lemma 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundSexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a significant global health challenge, demanding attention and intervention. Despite many STIs being manageable, their asymptomatic nature poses a formidable threat to both mental and physical well-being. This silent impact can lead to substantial morbidity and mortality, which is particularly pronounced in East Africa.ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and factors associated with self-reported STIs among sexually active men in East Africa.DesignCross-sectional study design.Setting10 East African countries.Participants66 833 sexually active men.Primary outcome measureSelf-reported STI in the 12 months preceding the survey. A multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with self-reported STIs. An adjusted OR with the corresponding 95% CI was used to estimate the strength of the association, and statistical significance was set at a p value <0.05.ResultsThe pooled prevalence of self-reported STIs among sexually active men in East Africa was 5.22% (95% CI: 5.34, 5.69). Being married, having multiple sexual partners excluding a spouse and being informed about STIs were significantly associated with higher odds of self-reported STIs. However, being aged 44 years and above, having a higher education level, starting sex after the age of 20, being circumcised and being a rural resident were associated with lower odds of self-reported STIs.ConclusionThe prevalence of self-reported STIs was higher than the findings from most previous studies. It is essential to educate men about STIs and increase awareness of the risks associated with having multiple sexual partners. Implementing targeted public health initiatives for men with lower education levels, as well as devising strategies to address factors that elevate the risk of STI contraction, is also crucial.
Screening for social anxiety disorder in students of Jordan universities after COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Alhemedi Ahlam J , Beni Yonis Othman , Allan Hadeel , abu Mohsen Ghalia , Almasri Ayham , Abdulrazzeq Haitham , Khasawneh Islam , El-khateeb Osama , Naser Abdallah Y 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo examine the prevalence rate of social anxiety disorder (SAD) among university students in Jordan after the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated predictors.DesignA cross-sectional online survey study that was conducted in Jordan between January and December 2023.Setting: Universities in Jordan.ParticipantsHealthy university students from any specialty currently enrolled at a Jordanian university.Primary outcome measureThe prevalence rate of SAD, which was assessed using the Social Phobia Inventory.ResultsA total of 851 university students participated in this study. More than half of them (65%) were women. The mean age of the study participants was 21.9 (2.7) years. The majority of them (70.6%) were studying medical fields. The median number of times the study participants got infected with COVID-19 was 1.0 (IQR: 0.0–2.0). The median number of viewing hours spent on social networking sites was 4.0 (IQR: 3.0–6.0). The median SAD score was 19 (IQR: 10–32) out of 68, which represents 27.9% of the maximum attainable score. Up to 45.4% of the study participants were susceptible to SAD, with 12.5% of the study participants reporting severe to very severe SAD symptoms. Students older than 21.9 years were 32% less likely to report SAD symptoms compared with younger students (p<0.01).ConclusionJordanian universities students are increasingly likely to report SAD symptoms. The data show how important it is for universities to recognise and deal with this mental health issue. Focused treatments and support networks could help students with social anxiety problems to deal with them.
Multicentre adaptive randomised trial of GvHD prophylaxis following unrelated donor stem cell transplantation comparing Thymoglobulin versus calcineurin inhibitor-based or sirolimus-based post-transplant cyclophosphamide (Methods of T cell Depletion, MoTD trial)
Authors: Chakraverty Ronjon , Kempshall Emma , Dignan Fiona , Bloor Adrian , Collin Matthew , Raj Kavita , Davies Jeff , Potter Victoria , Malladi Ram , Smith Siobhan , Gates Simon , Gaskell Charlotte , Bishop Rebecca , Hodgkinson Andrea , Smith Gabrielle 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionGraft-versus-host disease (GvHD) remains a major complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT), affecting 30–70% of patients (representing 800 new patients per year in the UK). The risk is higher in patients undergoing unrelated allo-SCT. About 1 in 10 patients die as a result of GvHD or through complications of its treatment. In patients who survive GvHD and or the complications of treatment, about 1 in 3 patients develop chronic GvHD which has a negative impact on quality of life (QoL). Many transplant protocols use alemtuzumab or anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) in combination with a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) and mycophenolate mofetil as GvHD prophylaxis; however, the outcomes of these treatments are complicated by high rates of infection and therefore the development of improved GvHD prophylaxis strategies represents a major unmet need.Methods and analysisThe Methods of T-Cell Depletion trial is a prospective, multicentre, adaptive randomised trial in patients undergoing reduced intensity-conditioned unrelated donor allo-SCT. The trial will compare the novel GvHD prophylaxis regimens post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) in combination with a CNI or sirolimus (PTCy-CNI or PTCy-sirolimus, respectively) to a current standard-of-care GvHD prophylaxis involving the use of Thymoglobulin (a specific brand of ATG containing rabbit polyclonal antibodies). The primary outcome measure is GvHD-free, relapse-free survival at 1 year. Secondary outcomes include cumulative incidence of acute grade II-IV GvHD at 1 year, cumulative incidence of moderate and severe chronic GvHD at 1 year, overall survival at 1 year and cumulative incidence of non-relapse mortality at 1 year.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol was approved by the West Midlands, Edgbaston Research Ethics Committee (20/WM/0195); initial approval was received on 11 September 2020, current protocol version (V.4.0) approval on 25 July 2023. The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Authority also approved all protocol versions. The results of this trial will be disseminated through national and international presentations and peer-reviewed publications.Trial registration numberEudraCT Number: 2019-002419-24.ISRCTN Number: 50290131.
Metabolically healthy overweight/obesity with no metabolic abnormalities and incident hyperglycaemia in Chinese adults: analysis of a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gao Qin , Liang Boya , Li Hongmin , Xie Ruining , Xu Yaru , Tong Yeqing , Jiang Shunli 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesTo explore whether metabolically healthy overweight (MHOW) and/or metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) increase hyperglycaemia risk in a Chinese population with a broad age range.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingSecondary analysis of data from the DATADRYAD database, comprising health check records of participants from 32 regions and 11 cities in China between 2010 and 2016.ParticipantsA total of 47 391 metabolically healthy participants with none of the metabolic abnormalities were selected.Outcome measuresHyperglycaemia includes incident diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Diabetes was diagnosed with fasting blood glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L and typical clinical symptoms and/or on self-report during follow-up. The fasting plasma glucose level of IFG was from 5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L.ResultsWith an average follow-up of 3.06 years, 5274 participants (11.13%) developed hyperglycaemia over 144 804 person-years, with an incidence rate of 36.42 per 1000 person-years. Adjusted model revealed a higher risk of incident hyperglycaemia in the MHOW group (HR=1.23, 95% CIs 1.16 to 1.30) and the MHO group (HR=1.49, 95% CI 1.33 to 1.67) compared with the metabolically healthy normal weight group. With 1 unit increase of body mass index, the risk of hyperglycaemia increased by 6% (HR=1.06, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.07). The stratified analyses and interaction tests showed the robustness of the association, and there was a stronger association in women (p for interaction<0.001).ConclusionsThe MHOW and MHO phenotypes were positively associated with a higher risk of hyperglycaemia in this population, and the association was particularly stronger in women.
Relationship between multiple morbidities and performance on the Timed Up and Go test in elderly patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tariq Arsalan , Zadeh Sayed Alireza Mousavi , Ammar Muhammad , Mousavizadeh Nafisehsadat , Hajary Arash , Mohamadi Somayeh 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo investigate how various morbidities affect older patients’ performance on the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThe seven government hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan, included are major tertiary care centres, representing an older patient population of Punjab, Pakistan.Method160 elderly participants completed the TUG test, frailty evaluations and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scoring to assess mobility, frailty and comorbidity burden. The Student’s t-test analysed differences between TUG groups (<10 vs ≥10 s). Multivariate linear regression pinpointed key predictors of CCI scores. All analyses were performed using SPSS software.ResultsA total of 160 participants (mean age: 67.2±6.9 years and body mass index (BMI): 28.7±4.9 kg/m²) were included. Those with TUG test times under 10 s had lower CCI scores (5.06±1.8) and frailty index (0.15±0.07), compared with those with longer times (CCI: 8.6±4.3 and frailty index: 0.42±0.1). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that TUG time (β=0.342, p=0.001), frailty index (β=0.680, p=0.003), age (β=0.128, p=0.002) and BMI (β=0.098, p=0.027) were significant predictors of CCI. Additionally, higher Mini-Mental State Examination scores (β=−0.092, p=0.017) were associated with lower comorbidity burden. These results highlight mobility, frailty and cognitive function as a predictors of comorbidities in the elderly.ConclusionOur study highlights a significant relationship between mobility, frailty and cognitive function with the comorbidity burden in older adults. Incorporating these metrics into routine care can guide targeted interventions, promoting healthier ageing and improved quality of life.