bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular disease prevention and corresponding geographical inequalities in England: interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Castanon Alejandra , Grasic Katja , Chen Simon , Ma Florence , Oboli Godspower , Bray Benjamin D. , Hughes Andrew , White Martin , Ahmad Shahed , Pearson-Stuttard Jonathan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
There has been disruption to the detection and management of those with hypertension and atrial fibrillation (AF) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is likely to vary geographically and could have implications for future mortality and morbidity. We aimed to estimate the change in diagnosed prevalence, treatment and prescription indicators for AF and hypertension and assess corresponding geographical inequalities.

Methods
Using the Quality and Outcomes Framework (2016/17 to 2021/22) and the English Prescribing Datasets (2018 to 2022), we described age standardised prevalence, treatment and prescription item rates for hypertension and AF by geography and over time. Using an interrupted time-series (ITS) analysis, we estimated the impact of the pandemic (from April 2020) on missed diagnoses and on the percentage change in medicines prescribed for these conditions. Finally, we described changes in treatment indicators against Public Health England 2029 cardiovascular risk targets.

Results
We observed 143,822 fewer (-143,822, 95%CI:-226,144, -61,500, p = 0.001) diagnoses of hypertension, 60,330 fewer (-60,330, 95%CI: -83,216, -37,444, p = 0.001) diagnoses of AF and 1.79% fewer (-1.79%, 95%CI: -2.37%, -1.22%), p < 0.0001) prescriptions for these conditions over the COVID-19 impact period. There was substantial variation across geography in England in terms of the indirect impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis, prescription, and treatment rates of hypertension and AF. 20% of Sub Integrated Care Boards account for approximately 62% of all missed diagnoses of hypertension. The percentage of individuals who had their hypertension controlled fell from 75.8% in 2019/20 to 64.1% in 2021/22 and the percentage of individuals with AF who were risk assessed fell from 97.2% to 90.7%.

Conclusions
Hypertension and AF detection and management were disrupted during the COVID-19 pandemic. The disruption varied considerably across diseases and geography. This highlights the utility of administrative and geographically granular datasets to inform targeted efforts to mitigate the indirect impacts of the pandemic through applied secondary prevention measures.
The role of military service in preventing depression in China: evidence from a nationally representative longitudinal survey
Authors: Li Haoran , Zhang Ning , Zhang Jingya , Xie Tao , He Rongxin , Jiang Yufei , Mao Ying , Zhu Bin 
Published: December 2023

Background
Despite recognition in the West that military veterans experience more mental health issues than the general population, little research has focused on this subject in China. This study examined the associations between male veterans’ military experience and depression in China.

Methods
A sample of 12,914 men including 669 veterans was included in the final analysis and propensity score matching, multivariable regressions and fixed effect model were used.

Results
The military experience was associated with a lower likelihood of depression in male veterans. In the subgroup analysis, military experience was associated with a lower likelihood of depression among married and urban male veterans. Military experience was also associated with a lower likelihood of depression in both “junior college and above” and “below junior college” groups. In contrast, evidence was lacking regarding the associations between military experience and depression for unmarried and rural veterans.

Conclusions
Individual characteristics could influence the relationship between military experience and depression in male veterans, and the mental health of veterans should be paid more attention and guaranteed.
Finding your lane: experiences and beyond for adults learning to swim
Authors: Wilson Shawn , Miller Alison Moira , Casson Destiny , Ramos William D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine experiences and impacts from participating in an adult swim instruction program. We conducted 20 semi-structured interviews with adults aged 18 + who had participated in an adult learn to swim program. Participants were interviewed through a virtual platform using a semi-structured protocol. Data were coded individually by each member of the research team for emerging thematic outcomes with final consensus among all those involved in the analysis. Participants expressed adult learn to swim programs had an effect in three areas: (a) life affordance, (b) emotional affect, and (c) interpersonal relationships. Public health experts and aquatics leaders should consider targeting programs aimed at teaching adults to learn how to swim, especially to marginalized individuals and those who did not grow up in the United States. The authors highlight how these programs can create life affordances well beyond lap swimming and even water safety.
Prevalence, etiology, clinical features and management associated with impacted and transmigrated mandibular canines: a systematic review
Authors: Sathyanarayana Haritha Pottipalli , Nucci Ludovica , d’Apuzzo Fabrizia , Perillo Letizia , Padmanabhan Sridevi , Grassia Vincenzo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The occurrence of mandibular canine impaction and/ or transmigration is a rare clinical entity but diagnosis and treatment planning is of clinical significance. The associated etiological factors and the clinical guidelines for the management are still not clear.
The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the available data to report the prevalence and identify the etiological factors, clinical features, and various treatment outcomes in patients with mandibular canine impaction and/or transmigration.

Methods
The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021222566) and was conducted and reported according to the PRISMA and Cochrane Handbook / Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. A computerized search of studies published up to April 30, 2023, was conducted using the following databases: Medline, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, Web of Science, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature. A manual search of the reference and citation lists of eligible articles and existing systematic reviews for any additions were also conducted. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool was used to assess the studies' quality.

Results
After removing 6 duplicates, 3700 articles were identified. For the final analysis, 19 studies published between 1985 and 2023 met all the eligibility criteria and were included. A total of 7 studies presented as good and 12 studies presented as satisfactory. Patients were screened in ten studies and diagnostic records from archives were retrieved in nine studies. The total number of diagnostic records screened was 138.394, and the total number of patients from the included studies was 43.127.

Conclusions
Based on the findings from this systematic review, the prevalence of mandibular canine impaction ranged from 0.008% to 1.29% while canine transmigration from 0.12% to 0.98%. Crowding of the mandibular arch, the presence of a retained deciduous canine, and odontoma or cyst are the etiological factors more commonly associated with mandibular canine impaction and or transmigration. Surgical extraction and surgical exposure followed by orthodontic traction are the two most frequently carried out treatment modalities in the management of mandibular canine impaction and or transmigration.
Using of non-pharmacological pain methods, and the perceived barriers, among nurses in critical care unit in Palestine
Authors: Tohol Wafaa Jameel , Abuejheisheh Ashraf Jehad , Fashafsheh Imad , Amro Nawaf 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Pain is alleviated in one of the two common approaches, pharmacological or non-pharmacological intervention. Using non-pharmacological methods may have beneficial effect and priority on decreasing patients’ level of pain and decreasing the side effects of pharmacological methods in ICU patients. This study aimed to assess ICU Palestinian nurses use and barriers of non-pharmacological pain management.

Methods
A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design was used to collect responses from a convenient sample of 215 nurses working in six hospitals in Plaestine. The timeframe for data collection was from August 2022 to December 2022. This study had three instrument packages. The first part is demographic data. The second is a tool that used 4-point Likert scale to examine ICU nursing use of non-pharmacological pain methods and it consisted of 16 items. The third is six items of perceived barriers to use non-pharmacological pain methods. All statistical procedures were analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) version 28.

Results
More than two-thirds of the nurses used non-pharmacological pain methods in ICU. 60% of the nurses have high levels of use, 10.2% have very high levels. The two highest perceived barriers to use nonpharmacological method were the lack of time, workload, and patient instability with 83.7% (n = 180), and 77.2% (n = 166), respectively. Demographic variables were not significantly associated with the use of non-pharmacological pain management methods, except age.

Conclusion
Adopting culturally sensitive non-pharmacological pain methods to decrease ICU patients’ level of pain, may positively reflected on patients’ outcome and on healthcare system. Developing, implementing and continuous monitoring of guidelines regarding using nonpharmacological for nurses and physicians are recommended which will be reflected positively on patients’ outcomes. Great efforts to overcome the barriers of lack of time and workload is impertive to increase the clinical usage of nonpharmacological pain methods.
Pet feeding habits and the microbiological contamination of dog food bowls: effect of feed type, cleaning method and bowl material
Authors: Raspa Federica , Schiavone Achille , Pattono Daniele , Galaverna Davide , Cavallini Damiano , Vinassa Marica , Bergero Domenico , Dalmasso Alessandra , Bottero Maria Teresa , Valle Emanuela 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Safe pet feeding practices and food bowl hygiene measures are important for minimising the risk of microbiological contaminations in the domestic environment. This study compares the practices reported by dog and cat caregivers, and investigates whether cleaning method, feed type or bowl material affects the microbiological contamination of dog food bowls.

Results
Data from 351 dog caregivers and 186 cat caregivers were collected via an online survey. The majority of dogs (70.7%) were fed twice daily, whereas cats (43%) were mostly fed ad libitum. The most common material for dog food bowls was metal (67.1%) versus plastic (38.1%) and metal (37.6%) for cats. Dog food bowls were most frequently cleaned after each meal (35.7%); whereas for cats, 21.5% were cleaned after each meal, 22.7% once a day and 19.3% 2–3 times a week. Total mesophilic aerobic bacteria counts (TMABc), Enterobacteriaceae counts and pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Verotoxigenic E. coli [VTEC]) were assessed for 96 dog food bowls. TMABc were higher in metal vs. plastic bowls (p < 0.001) and in those used for wet food vs. dry food (p = 0.0397). Enterobacteriaceae counts were higher in bowls washed by hand vs. dishwasher (p = 0.0515), whereas no differences were found between hand washing vs. dry wiping. Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp. or E. coli VTEC contaminations were not detected.

Conclusions
The surveyed Italian dog and cat caregivers reported different habits concerning feeding frequency, food bowl material and cleaning frequency. Wet food and metal bowls were associated with higher levels of microbiological contamination of dog food bowls. Furthermore, in relation to wet washing methods, contaminations were likely to be greater following hand washing than they were following the use of a dishwasher. Practical guidelines for safe feeding practices and hygiene measures are needed to minimise the risk of microbiological contaminations in domestic environments.
An epithelial gene signature of trans-IL-6 signaling defines a subgroup of type 2-low asthma
Authors: El-Husseini Zaid W. , Khalenkow Dmitry , Lan Andy , van der Molen Thys , Brightling Chris , Papi Alberto , Rabe Klaus F. , Siddiqui Salman , Singh Dave , Kraft Monica , Beghe Bianca , van den Berge Maarten , van Gosliga Djoke , Nawijn Martijn C. , Rose-John Stefan , Koppelman Gerard H. , Gosens Reinoud 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Asthma is stratified into type 2-high and type 2-low inflammatory phenotypes. Limited success has been achieved in developing drugs that target type 2-low inflammation. Previous studies have linked IL-6 signaling to severe asthma. IL-6 cooperates with soluble-IL-6Rα to activate cell signaling in airway epithelium.

Objective
We sought to study the role of sIL-6Rα amplified IL-6 signaling in airway epithelium and to develop an IL-6+ sIL-6Rα gene signature that may be used to select asthma patients who potentially respond to anti-IL-6 therapy.

Methods
Human airway epithelial cells were stimulated with combinations of IL-6, sIL-6Rα, and inhibitors, sgp130 (Olamkicept), and anti-IL-6R (Tocilizumab), to assess effects on pathway activation, epithelial barrier integrity, and gene expression. A gene signature was generated to identify IL-6 high patients using bronchial biopsies and nasal brushes.

Results
Soluble-IL-6Rα amplified the activation of the IL-6 pathway, shown by the increase of STAT3 phosphorylation and stronger gene induction in airway epithelial cells compared to IL-6 alone. Olamkicept and Tocilizumab inhibited the effect of IL-6 + sIL-6Rα on gene expression. We developed an IL-6 + sIL-6Rα gene signature and observed enrichment of this signature in bronchial biopsies but not nasal brushes from asthma patients compared to healthy controls. An IL-6 + sIL-6Rα gene signature score was associated with lower levels of sputum eosinophils in asthma.

Conclusion
sIL-6Rα amplifies IL-6 signaling in bronchial epithelial cells. Higher local airway IL-6 + sIL-6Rα signaling is observed in asthma patients with low sputum eosinophils.
A liquid biopsy signature of circulating extracellular vesicles-derived RNAs predicts response to first line chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Yang Ya’nan , Zhang Jieyun , Zhang Wen , Wang Yixuan , Zhai Yujia , Li Yan , Li Wenhua , Chang Jinjia , Zhao Xiaoying , Huang Mingzhu , Geng Qirong , Yang Yue , Gong Zhe , Yu Nuoya , Shen Wei , Li Qian , Huang Shenglin , Guo Weijian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most threatening tumors in the world, and chemotherapy remains dominant in the treatment of metastatic CRC (mCRC) patients. The purpose of this study was to develop a biomarker panel to predict the response of the first line chemotherapy in mCRC patients.

Methods
Totally 190 mCRC patients treated with FOLFOX or XEOLX chemotherapy in 3 different institutions were included. We extracted the plasma extracellular vesicle (EV) RNA, performed RNA sequencing, constructed a model and generated a signature through shrinking the number of variables by the random forest algorithm and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm in the training cohort (n = 80). We validated it in an internal validation cohort (n = 62) and a prospective external validation cohort (n = 48).

Results
We established a signature consisted of 22 EV RNAs which could identify responders, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values was 0.986, 0.821, and 0.816 in the training, internal validation, and external validation cohort respectively. The signature could also identify the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Besides, we constructed a 7-gene signature which could predict tumor response to first-line oxaliplatin-containing chemotherapy and simultaneously resistance to second-line irinotecan-containing chemotherapy.

Conclusions
The study was first to develop a signature of EV-derived RNAs to predict the response of the first line chemotherapy in mCRC with high accuracy using a non-invasive approach, indicating that the signature could help to select the optimal regimen for mCRC patients.
Multifunctional gold nanoparticles for osteoporosis: synthesis, mechanism and therapeutic applications
Authors: Gao Weihang , Liang Chen , Zhao Ke , Hou Mingming , Wen Yinxian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOsteoporosis is currently the most prevalent bone disorder worldwide and is characterized by low bone mineral density and an overall increased risk of fractures. To treat osteoporosis, a range of drugs targeting bone homeostasis have emerged in clinical practice, including anti-osteoclast agents such as bisphosphonates and denosumab, bone formation stimulating agents such as teriparatide, and selective oestrogen receptor modulators. However, traditional clinical medicine still faces challenges related to side effects and high costs of these types of treatments. Nanomaterials (particularly gold nanoparticles [AuNPs]), which have unique optical properties and excellent biocompatibility, have gained attention in the field of osteoporosis research. AuNPs have been found to promote osteoblast differentiation, inhibit osteoclast formation, and block the differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells, which thus is believed to be a novel and promising candidate for osteoporosis treatment. This review summarizes the advances and drawbacks of AuNPs in their synthesis and the mechanisms in bone formation and resorption in vitro and in vivo, with a focus on their size, shape, and chemical composition as relevant parameters for the treatment of osteoporosis. Additionally, several important and promising directions for future studies are also discussed, which is of great significance for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
Multiplex immunohistochemistry defines two cholesterol metabolism patterns predicting immunotherapeutic outcomes in gastric cancer
Authors: Tang Wei , Li Guanghua , Lin Qi , Zhu Zhenzhen , Wang Zhao , Wang Zhixiong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The role of cholesterol metabolism in gastric cancer (GC) and its implications for tumor characteristics and immunotherapy response remain poorly understood. In this study, our aim was to investigate this role, identify associated metabolic subtypes, and assess their clinical implications in GC.

Methods
We conducted a comprehensive analysis of cholesterol metabolism genes (CMGs) using transcriptomic data from TCGA and GEO. Based on 23 representative CMGs, we classified GC into metabolic subtypes. We evaluated clinical features and immune cell infiltration between these subtypes. Additionally, we identified a CMG signature and assessed its clinical relevance in GC. We retrospectively enrolled thirty-five GC patients receiving chemotherapy plus a PD-1 inhibitor to assess the CMG signature using multiplex immunohistochemistry.

Results
Our analysis revealed two cholesterol metabolism subtypes in GC: Cholesterol Metabolism Type 1 (CMT1) and Cholesterol Metabolism Type 2 (CMT2). These subtypes exhibited distinct patterns: CMT1 indicated heightened cholesterol biosynthesis, while CMT2 showed abnormal cholesterol transport. CMT2 was associated with unfavorable clinical features, enriched malignant pathways, and a pro-tumor immune microenvironment. Furthermore, we developed a five-CMG prognostic signature (ABCA1, NR1H3, TSPO, NCEH1, and HMGCR) that effectively predicted the prognosis of patients with GC and their response to chemotherapy plus a PD-1 inhibitor. This signature was validated in a clinical cohort using multiplex immunohistochemistry.

Conclusion
Our results highlight the effectiveness of cholesterol metabolism patterns as biomarkers for predicting the prognosis and immunotherapy response in GC. The expression of cholesterol metabolism genes and the assessment of cholesterol metabolism patterns have the potential to predict the outcome of immunotherapy and guide treatment strategies.
The hypothalamic steroidogenic pathway mediates susceptibility to inflammation-evoked depression in female mice
Authors: Xu Fu-Rong , Wei Zhen-Hong , Xu Xiao-Xia , Zhang Xiao-Gang , Wei Chao-Jun , Qi Xiao-Ming , Li Yong-Hong , Gao Xiao-Ling , Wu Yu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Depression is two-to-three times more frequent among women. The hypothalamus, a sexually dimorphic area, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. Neuroinflammation-induced hypothalamic dysfunction underlies behaviors associated with depression. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model of depression has been well-validated in numerous laboratories, including our own, and is widely used to investigate the relationship between neuroinflammation and depression. However, the sex-specific differences in metabolic alterations underlying depression-associated hypothalamic neuroinflammation remain unknown.

Methods
Here, we employed the LPS-induced mouse model of depression to investigate hypothalamic metabolic changes in both male and female mice using a metabolomics approach. Through bioinformatics analysis, we confirmed the molecular pathways and biological processes associated with the identified metabolites. Furthermore, we employed quantitative real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting, and pharmacological interventions to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Results
A total of 124 and 61 differential metabolites (DMs) were detected in male and female mice with depressive-like behavior, respectively, compared to their respective sex-matched control groups. Moreover, a comparison between female and male model mice identified 37 DMs. We capitalized on biochemical clustering and functional enrichment analyses to define the major metabolic changes in these DMs. More than 55% of the DMs clustered into lipids and lipid-like molecules, and an imbalance in lipids metabolism was presented in the hypothalamus. Furthermore, steroidogenic pathway was confirmed as a potential sex-specific pathway in the hypothalamus of female mice with depression. Pregnenolone, an upstream component of the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway, was downregulated in female mice with depressive-like phenotypes but not in males and had considerable relevance to depressive-like behaviors in females. Moreover, exogenous pregnenolone infusion reversed depressive-like behaviors in female mice with depression. The 5α-reductase type I (SRD5A1), a steroidogenic hub enzyme involved in pregnenolone metabolism, was increased in the hypothalamus of female mice with depression. Its inhibition increased hypothalamic pregnenolone levels and ameliorated depressive-like behaviors in female mice with depression.

Conclusions
Our study findings demonstrate a marked sexual dimorphism at the metabolic level in depression, particularly in hypothalamic steroidogenic metabolism, identifying a potential sex-specific pathway in female mice with depressive-like behaviors.