bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COG3 confers the chilling tolerance to mediate OsFtsH2‐D1 module in rice
Authors: Liu Dongfeng , Luo Shengtao , Li Zhitao , Liang Guohua , Guo Yalong , Xu Yunyuan , Chong Kang 
Published: January 2024

Summary

The chilling stress induced by the global climate change harms rice production, especially at seedling and booting stage, which feed half the population of the world. Although there are key quantitative trait locus genes identified in the individual stage, few genes have been reported and functioned at both stages.

Utilizing chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) and a combination of map‐based cloning and phenotypes of the mutants and overexpression lines, we identified the major gene Chilling‐tolerance in Geng/japonica rice 3 (COG3) of q chilling‐tolerance at the booting and seedling stage 11 (qCTBS11) conferred chilling tolerance at both seedling and booting stages.

COG3 was significantly upregulated in Nipponbare under chilling treatment compared with its expression in 93‐11. The loss‐of‐function mutants cog3 showed a reduced chilling tolerance. On the contrary, overexpression enhanced chilling tolerance. Genome evolution and genetic analysis suggested that COG3 may have undergone strong selection in temperate japonica during domestication. COG3, a putative calmodulin‐binding protein, physically interacted with OsFtsH2 at chloroplast. In cog3‐1, OsFtsH2‐mediated D1 degradation was impaired under chilling treatment compared with wild‐type.

Our results suggest that COG3 is necessary for maintaining OsFtsH2 protease activity to regulate chilling tolerance at the booting and seedling stage.
The ways Fusobacterium nucleatum translocate to breast tissue and contribute to breast cancer development
Authors: Guo Xinyu , Yu Ke , Huang Ruijie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBreast cancer is among the most prevalent malignancies in women worldwide. Epidemiological findings suggested that periodontal diseases may be associated with breast cancer, among which Fusobacterium nucleatum is considered an important cross‐participant. In this work, we comprehensively summarize the known mechanisms of how F. nucleatum translocates to, colonizes in mammary tumors, and promotes the carcinogenesis. Specifically, F. nucleatum translocates to mammary tissue through the mammary–intestinal axis, direct nipple contact, and hematogenous transmission. Subsequently, F. nucleatum takes advantage of fusobacterium autotransporter protein 2 to colonize breast cancer and uses virulence factors fusobacterium adhesin A and lipopolysaccharide to promote proliferation. Moreover, the upregulated matrix metalloproteinase‐9 induced by F. nucleatum does not only trigger the inflammatory response but also facilitates the tumor‐promoting microenvironment. Aside from the pro‐inflammatory effect, F. nucleatum may also be engaged in tumor immune evasion, which is achieved through the action of virulence factors on immune checkpoint receptors highly expressed on T cells, natural killer cells, and tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes. Taking breast cancer as an example, more relevant research studies may expand our current knowledge of how oral microbes affect systemic health. Hopefully, exploring these mechanisms in depth could provide new strategies for safer and more effective biologic and targeted therapies targeted at breast cancer.
A Novel Predictor of the Length and Size of ACL Grafts in Chinese Han Adults for ACL Reconstruction: An MRI Study
Authors: Yang Qingjun , Lu Wenqian , Luo Yong , Li Jiatong , Huang Xiancheng , You Tian 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveCurrently, there is no simple and valid method to predict the length and size of the native anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in each adult patient who will undergo ACL reconstruction. This study aimed to develop an imaging prediction method that can predict the length and size of ACL grafts using the intact posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), in order to enhance the graft preparation individualized sizing.MethodsThree hundred and nineteen patients aged 18 years or older who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee at an orthopaedic clinic between September 9, 2021, and February 5, 2023, were included. The length, sagittal diameter, and coronal diameter of the ACL and PCL were measured in all patients, and F‐test were performed to explore linear relationship between ligament measurements.ResultsEquations were established to predict a variable of the native ACL for the corresponding variable of the intact PCL (i.e., sagittal diameter of the ACL = 4.32 + 1.08 × sagittal diameter of the PCL, and coronal diameter of the ACL = 2.45 + 0.59 × coronal diameter of the PCL, length of the male ACL = 10.92 + 0.64 × length of the male PCL, length of the female ACL = 11.76 + 0.58 × length of the female PCL) (R2 = 0.532; R2 = 0.417; R2 = 0.488; R2 = 0.509; respectively).ConclusionsThe length and size of the intact PCL in cases without PCL buckling are predictors of the length and size of the native ACL in adults, respectively. The use of this information to optimize graft diameter may lower the rates of ACL graft failure in the future.
The legacy of terrestrial plant evolution on cell wall fine structure
Authors: Fangel Jonatan U. , Sørensen Klavs Martin , Jacobsen Niels , Mravec Jozef , Ahl Louise Isager , Bakshani Cassie , Mikkelsen Maria Dalgaard , Engelsen Søren Balling , Willats William , Ulvskov Peter 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe evolution of land flora was an epochal event in the history of planet Earth. The success of plants, and especially flowering plants, in colonizing all but the most hostile environments required multiple mechanisms of adaptation. The mainly polysaccharide‐based cell walls of flowering plants, which are indispensable for water transport and structural support, are one of the most important adaptations to life on land. Thus, development of vasculature is regarded as a seminal event in cell wall evolution, but the impact of further refinements and diversification of cell wall compositions and architectures on radiation of flowering plant families is less well understood. We approached this from a glyco‐profiling perspective and, using carbohydrate microarrays and monoclonal antibodies, studied the cell walls of 287 plant species selected to represent important evolutionary dichotomies and adaptation to a variety of habitats. The results support the conclusion that radiation of flowering plant families was indeed accompanied by changes in cell wall fine structure and that these changes can obscure earlier evolutionary events. Convergent cell wall adaptations identified by our analyses do not appear to be associated with plants with similar lifestyles but that are taxonomically distantly related. We conclude that cell wall structure is linked to phylogeny more strongly than to habitat or lifestyle and propose that there are many approaches of adaptation to any given ecological niche.
The relative importance of contextual factors in judging mundane extradyadic behaviors as infidelity: A policy‐capturing study
Authors: Salavati Sara , Boon Susan D. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSeemingly benign extradyadic behaviors (e.g., buying/receiving gifts or talking on the phone) may be perceived as infidelity under certain circumstances, therefore causing distress and conflict in romantic relationships. A policy‐capturing method was used to illuminate the relative role of contextual factors (secrecy, frequency of the behavior, and the victim's familiarity with the rival) in perceiving whether a mundane, everyday extradyadic act is perceived to cross the line from benign to infidelity. In two sessions, 135 participants completed individual difference measures and rated 30 different vignettes in which the extradyadic behavior (i.e., direct messaging on social media) was held constant, but levels of contextual factors varied. Participants perceived secrecy as the most important contextual factor in deciding whether a mundane extradyadic behavior constituted infidelity, followed by frequency. The victim's familiarity with the rival was deemed least important. Higher reactive jealousy predicted higher perception of the behavior as infidelity and greater anticipated emotional distress following the behavior. Implications for how couples discuss the boundaries of their relationships and understand the source of emotional distress experienced after seemingly benign extradyadic behaviors are discussed.
Levan differentially primes barley defence against infections by Fusarium graminearum, Rhizoctonia solani and Pyricularia oryzae
Authors: Lian Dan , Shui Chen , Yang Ling , Cheng Yu , Zheng Shicheng , Shen Huiquan , Öner Ebru Toksoy , Liang Mingxiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe widespread use of pesticides poses significant challenges to the safety of agricultural products and the ecological environment. Levan‐type fructans have the ability to act as an induced resistance stimulus, enhancing plant disease resistance, which aligns with the principles of green development. This study showed that levan polysaccharide, produced by Halomonas smyrnnensis levansucrase, could induce the resistance of barley to Fusarium graminearum much better than inulin‐type fructans or low‐molecular‐weight chitosan oligosaccharide. Three different application methods of levan, namely seed soaking, leaf spraying or their combination, all decreased the necrotic areas caused by F. graminearum and Rhizoctonia solani. When inoculated with F. graminearum, the content of hydrogen peroxide, proline or jasmonic acid and the activities of peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase in levan‐treated barley were higher than those in the control. In contrast, when inoculated with R. solani, the hydrogen peroxide content and peroxidase activity in levan‐treated leaves showed a faster induction than the control at the early priming and the content of proline and methyl salicylate was higher than that of the control. Thus, levan induces distinct pathways in response to different pathogens.
Linking water‐use strategies with drought resistance across herbaceous crops
Authors: Pereira Talitha S. , Oliveira Leonardo A. , Andrade Moab T. , Haverroth Eduardo J. , Cardoso Amanda A. , Martins Samuel C. V. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWoody plants minimize xylem embolism formation during drought essentially by closing stomata at higher water potentials and/or by increasing the xylem resistance to embolism. Both of these mechanisms result in a higher stomatal safety margin (SSM), which is the water potential difference between stomatal closure and embolism formation. Here, we investigated whether increasing SSM represents a drought resistance mechanism for herbaceous plants and how the different water‐use strategies impact their survival. For that, we exposed four herbaceous crops with contrasting drought resistance to severe water deficit to assess drought‐induced damage and mortality. Unlike woody species, SSM was not associated with plant survival for herbaceous crops. Soybean, which presented the largest SSM across the four crops (1.67 MPa), exhibited the earliest mortality of leaves and whole plants as well as the highest rate of plant mortality (100%) at the end of the drought period. Cowpea, with an SSM of 0.63 MPa, was the most drought‐resistant species, with the latest leaf damage and the highest plant survival (100%). The most effective traits ensuring survival in herbaceous crops under severe drought were those related to drought avoidance mechanisms such as (1) early stomatal closure, (2) very low residual transpiration post‐stomatal closure, and (3) high capacitance pre‐ and post‐turgor loss.
DNA demethylation by transitory 5‐azacytidine treatment improves somatic embryogenesis yield for regeneration and breeding of cork oak
Authors: Carneros Elena , Díaz‐Luzza Esteban M. , Pérez‐Pérez Yolanda , Solís María Teresa , Testillano Pilar S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSomatic embryogenesis (SE) is a crucial biotechnological tool for large‐scale mass propagation of selected material, genetic transformation and breeding, with many advantages for forest tree improvement. However, the application of SE in forest species is limited because of their recalcitrance. SE is also a valuable system for studying cell reprogramming, acquisition of totipotency and embryo development. Increasing evidence reveals that epigenetic reprogramming takes place during SE through DNA methylation, although there is scarce information on forest species. In this work, we have evaluated DNA methylation dynamics during SE and the effects of the DNA demethylating agent 5‐azacytidine (AzaC) in cork oak. After induction and early stages of SE, a reduced DNA methylation level is observed, followed by an increase of methylation during embryo differentiation. These changes in DNA methylation during SE progression were associated with expression profiles of DNA methyltransferase genes QsMET1, QsDRM2 and QsCMT3, and DNA demethylase QsDME‐like. Treatment with AzaC reduced DNA methylation, promoted SE induction rate and proembryogenic masses proliferation, and induced the expression of the SE marker gene QsSERK1‐like. However, continuous AzaC treatment hindered embryo differentiation, suggesting that DNA methylation is needed for further embryo development. Interestingly, AzaC removal from the culture medium of embryogenic masses restored embryo development and led to a significant increase in somatic embryo production compared with untreated cultures. These findings open new possibilities using transitory treatments with small molecule epigenetic modulators, as AzaC, to enhance SE yields for forestry breeding programs.
Influence of loneliness and social isolation before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic on mood, cognition and sleep
Authors: da Silva Rosiêne Vieira , Soares Nayron Medeiros , Pereira Gabriela Magalhães , Figueiredo Renata Italiano da Nóbrega , Eulálio Maria do Carmo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundSocial isolation and loneliness are public health problems and are related to poor physical and mental health in older persons, especially during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We investigated the influences of social isolation and loneliness on mood, cognition and sleep quality in older persons.MethodsThis study evaluated 82 older persons, with a median age of 69.16 years (range: 60.00–85.97). The older persons were assessed before and during the period of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Cognition was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, symptoms of depression using the Beck Depression Inventory II, symptoms of anxiety using the Beck Anxiety Inventory, quality of sleep by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, daytime sleepiness by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, isolation by the Duke Social Support Index and three‐item UCLA Loneliness Scale.ResultsOur results revealed that loneliness is related to worsening anxiety symptoms (P = 0.008), and sleep quality (P = 0.011). Isolation is related to worsening sleep quality (P = 0.011). On the other hand, participants who did not isolate themselves during the pandemic felt more anxious (P = 0.021). In addition, older persons who were not isolated (P = 0.035) and had no loneliness (P = 0.007), have higher cognitive performance over time.ConclusionLoneliness is related to worsening symptoms of anxiety and sleep quality. Our results showed that social isolation is related to worsening sleep quality. On the other hand, high social support during the COVID‐19 pandemic increased anxiety. Furthermore, better cognitive performance is related to non‐isolated and non‐lonely participants.
Serum anti‐Müllerian hormone around the time of ovulation simulated by exogenous hormones in clouded leopards (Neofelis nebulosa)
Authors: Chumsri Sittat , Boonorrana Itti , Suwimonteerabutr Junpen , Tipkantha Wanlaya , Thongphakdee Ampika , Chatdarong Kaywalee 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAnti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) is produced by granulosa cells of the antral follicles. It serves as a promising biomarker for ovarian reserve and responsiveness to ovarian stimulation in humans and domestic animals. This study aimed to validate the AMH Gen II enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and correlate ovarian structures with serum AMH concentrations after stimulation treatment in clouded leopards (Neofelis nebulosa). Serum samples were collected from 12 women (age 6.21 ± 3.56 years), and serum AMH concentrations were analysed using AMH Gen II ELISA. The animals were divided into two groups based on ovarian structures [preovulatory follicles (>2 mm) and/or corpora hemorrhagica] along with the presence of uterine tonicity visualized laparoscopically around the time of ovulation. Animals that exhibited these reproductive features were identified as the responder group (n = 9, aged 7.59 ± 2.96 years), whereas those lacking the corresponding features were assigned to the nonresponder group (n = 3, aged 2.06 ± 0.53 years). The intra‐assay coefficient of variation (CV) and interassay CV was 3.56% and 7.75%, respectively. The linearity of AMH dilution was confirmed (r2 = .998), and the percentage of recovery ranged from 93% to 115%. The results demonstrated that overall serum AMH concentrations around the time of ovulation were negatively correlated with age (rs = −.692, p = .013). However, serum AMH concentrations were not correlated with the average number of ovarian structures (rs = −.535, p = .074). Thus, AMH Gen II ELISA was validated in clouded leopards. Around the time of ovulation, serum AMH decreased with advancing age and ovarian responsiveness cannot be evaluated using serum AMH.
Assessing participatory process‐system linkages in polycentric water governance: Insights from WFD implementation in Germany
Authors: Schröder Nadine Jenny Shirin , Watson Nigel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn important, although insufficiently answered, environmental governance research question concerns how exactly participation improves policy implementation at different scales. Numerous studies have highlighted important variables influencing the effectiveness of participatory processes. However, studies of participation tend to be strongly process‐oriented rather than system‐oriented and often overlook the reality that participatory processes are part of increasingly complex and broader decision‐making systems. By analyzing particular process‐system linkages, this paper contributes new knowledge regarding how participatory processes can influence decision‐making in polycentric governance systems. This study focuses on the implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive, which aims for good ecological and chemical status in all European waters, in six German states with varied polycentric decision‐making structures. No direct decision‐making power was found to be associated with any of the participatory processes themselves. Rather, the power remained embedded within the other established institutional structures. Nevertheless, the participatory processes did still intend to influence decision‐making within those established structures through the aggregation and multiplication of information. The findings show that only a few representatives or a small proportion of the total number of decision‐makers are involved in participatory processes. Therefore, those processes may either affect decisions directly due to the binding nature of the decisions taken within participatory processes or alternatively have effects through more complex and nuanced multiplication routes following the conclusion of each participatory process. Moreover, all of the participatory processes examined in this study were reliant to some extent on such multiplication mechanisms to amplify the effects on decisions throughout the overall polycentric governance system.
Treatment‐seeking behavior and cardiovascular morbidity among men with anabolic‐androgenic steroid use: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Henriksen Hans Christian Bordado , Havnes Ingrid Amalia , Jørstad Marie Lindvik , Abdullah Rang , Thorsby Per Medbøe , Hauger Lisa Evju , Edvardsen Thor , Haugaa Kristina H. , Almaas Vibeke Marie , Bjørnebekk Astrid 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsTo determine associations between anabolic‐androgenic steroid (AAS) use‐related morbidity including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and engagement to health services.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, 90 males with at least 12 months cumulative current or former use of AAS were included. The participants were divided into a treatment‐seeking group (TSG) and a non‐treatment seeking group (non‐TSG) based on their responses to a self‐report web questionnaire. All participants were screened for symptoms that could be indicative of CVD through a clinical interview, and examined with blood samples, blood pressure measurements and transthoracic echocardiography.ResultsIn the total sample (n = 90), mean age was 39 ± 11 years with cumulative AAS use of 12 ± 9 years. Among men in the TSG with current use there were higher prevalence of dyspnoea (50% vs 7%) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in conjunction with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (36 vs. 9%) and/or high blood pressure (55% vs. 19%) compared to men in the non‐TSG. Among men with current AAS use and established LVEF <50% (n = 25) or LVH (n = 21), 44% (11) and 43% (9) respectively, had never engaged health services due to AAS‐related adverse effects. Deviant liver‐ and kidney parameters were frequently observed in the total sample but without between‐group differences.ConclusionsTreatment‐seeking behavior among current AAS users may be associated with increased levels of dyspnoea and established CVD. Despite objective signs of severe CVD among a substantial amount of study participants, it is of great concern that the majority had never sought treatment for AAS‐related concerns.
TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES STUDIES ON TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT (TKR) USING FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATION METHOD
Authors: Abd Manap Muhammad Faris , Zainuddin Puteri Nur Bahyah , Ismail Nur Faiqa , Zubair Ahmad Faiz , Halidi Siti Nur Amalina , Hazimi Ismail  
Published: January 2024

This study aims to propose lower material consumption of Total Knee Replacement (TKR), by employing Topology Optimization (TO). The objective is to propose a new knee implant design via Topology Optimization. Additionally, this study aims to calculate optimum cost-effective materials for the tibial and femoral components of the knee implant while maintaining the desired mechanical properties. SolidWorks and ANSYS Workbench software are used as tools in this study. Initially, the knee implant design was created using SolidWorks, followed by analysis and topology optimization using ANSYS Workbench. The method involves comparing the mechanical properties before and after optimization and calculating the amount of material saved through the optimization process. According to the findings, optimization may result in a reduction in material consumption of up to 23.96% with a difference of less than 5% in terms of the mechanical characteristics of the original design and the newly optimized design.