bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of climate change on the right to access to food within the East African Community
Authors: Nabawanda Violla 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
This study aims at navigating the effects of climate change on the right to access to food within the East African Community region, using the case study of Uganda.

Design/methodology/approach
The author used doctrinal review of different policies and strategies that have been developed and implemented by the EAC to address the growing patterns of food insecurity and climate change.

Findings
Findings show that besides climate change, there are other factors that have played a major role in contributing to food insecurity in the region such as the impact of the ongoing Russia–Ukraine war, absence of food storage reserves/banks, scarring effects of the COVID 19 pandemic, inadequate implementation of agricultural policies on climate change, high post-harvest losses and food waste amongst others.

Originality/value
This research paper is the author’s sole writing and has never been submitted for publication in any journal.
Hurdles to handicraft marketing for artisan entrepreneurs in an emerging economy
Authors: Dalal Arunava , Bhattacharya Subhajit , Chattopadhyay Subrata 
Published: November 2023

PurposeCrafts embody the history and heritage of their country of origin and can play an essential role in the country's socioeconomic development by providing significant job opportunities for the rural population. This article investigates the significant challenges that artisan entrepreneurs face when creating, communicating and selling handcrafted goods to potential customers in emerging economies. This study attempted to rate the impediments based on their severity using the voices of artisan entrepreneurs.Design/methodology/approachA mixed-method approach combining qualitative and quantitative data analysis was followed to identify the leading causes of the artisans' pain points. In the first phase, empirical observations were gathered through focus group discussions with artisan entrepreneurs, and the identified factors were quantitatively ranked using the analytic hierarchy process in the second phase.FindingsThe mixed-method research assisted in identifying the primary constraints affecting the efficient and effective operation of the artisan-driven small handicraft business. This study identified six factors that were ranked based on the voices of artisan entrepreneurs during the survey, as barriers to effective handicraft marketing.Originality/valueFew studies on the handcraft industry have sought to explore the issues faced by artisan businesses holistically. The voices of artisan entrepreneurs were gathered for this study to identify and rate the present obstacles influencing the functioning of small handicraft firms in emerging nations. Handicraft marketing will become more effective and efficient if these barriers are removed.
The effect of humble leadership on the success of international development projects: the mediating role of organizational learning
Authors: Remy Kesner , Sané Seydou 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of humble leadership on project success. In addition, we examine the mediating effect of organisational learning on the relationship between humble leadership and the success of international development projects.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopted a quantitative research methodology based on questionnaire data collected from 80 international development project managers from different sectors in Senegal (West Africa). The variance-based structural equation method, following the partial least squares approach, was used to test the research hypotheses.

Findings
The results showed that humble leadership is positively related to project success. Furthermore, organizational learning mediates the relationship between humble leadership and project success.

Research limitations/implications
This research has several limitations. The authors did not examine the role of organizational culture as a moderating variable. However, the authors believe that the cultural variable can have an impact on project success and team building, and future studies should consider this aspect as well. In the African context, each country has its own culture, which may affect the behaviour of the project manager. Also, the authors admit that the sample size is relatively small, which greatly reduces the generalizability of the results.

Practical implications
These findings have important implications. First, because a project leader’s humility enhances project success, it is critical for development projects to select leaders who demonstrate modest conduct in the workplace. The perfect selection of a humble leader depends heavily on judgements about the characteristics of a humble leader from new project manager candidates.

Originality/value
Drawing on conservation of resources theory, this study found that humble leadership is important for project success, thus extending the utility of the concept of humble leadership to the project literature.
Numerical and experimental study of ultrasonic seismic waves propagation and attenuation on high‐quality factor samples
Authors: Deheuvels Marine , Faucher Florian , Brito Daniel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe propose an approach for measuring seismic attenuation at ultrasonic frequencies on laboratory‐scale samples. We use a Gaussian filter to select a bandwidth of frequencies to identify the attenuation in a small window and, by moving the window across the frequency content of the data, we determine the frequency‐dependent attenuation function. We assess the validity of the method with three‐dimensional numerical simulations of seismic wave propagation across different sample geometries, using free surface boundary conditions. We perform the simulations using viscoelastic media under various seismic attenuation models. Our numerical results indicate that we can successfully recover the representative viscoelastic attenuation parameters of the media, regardless of the sample geometry, by processing the seismic signal recorded either within the volume or at the boundaries. Due to the equipartition phenomenon, the energy of S‐waves is consistently higher in seismic records than that of P‐waves. Therefore, we systematically recover the attenuating properties of S‐waves in the medium. We also conduct experiments of seismic wave propagation on samples of aluminum and Fontainebleau sandstone to validate our approach with real data. The quality factor of the S‐wave in the aluminum medium increases from 300 to 7000 between 60 kHz and 1.2 MHz. The Fontainebleau sandstone, which is more attenuating, exhibits a that increases from 200 at 60 kHz to 1000 at 1.2 MHz. With our approach, we are not only able to recover the attenuation property but also identify the frequency‐dependent attenuation model of the samples. Our method allows for seismic attenuation recovery at ultrasonic frequencies in low‐attenuating media.
Division of Household Labour and Fertility Outcomes Among Dual‐Income Australian Couples
Authors: Snopkowski Kristin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGender revolution theories of fertility posit that when employed women have extensive child care and household responsibilities, they opt to reduce family size. This study examines how household gender inequality influences decisions to have children. Several possible mediators, including wellbeing, relationship quality, and changes in desired family size, are examined. Results from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey show that household inequality reduces the likelihood of third births when both parents work full‐time. This is mediated by relationship satisfaction: when men contribute more to household labour, their partners are more satisfied, which is associated with increased fertility.
Does the choice of induction agent in rapid sequence intubation in the emergency department influence the incidence of post‐induction hypotension?
Authors: Tamsett Zacchary , Douglas Ned , King Cathy , Johnston Tanya , Bentley Connor , Hao Brian , Prinsloo Duron , Bourke Elyssia M 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the effects of different induction agents on the incidence of post‐induction hypotension (PIH) and its associated interventions during rapid sequence intubation (RSI) in the ED.MethodsA single centre retrospective study of patients intubated between 2018 and 2021 was conducted in a regional Australian ED. The impact of induction agent choice, in addition to demographic and clinical factors on the incidence of PIH were determined using descriptive statistics and a multivariate analysis presented as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsKetamine and propofol, used either individually or in conjunction with fentanyl, were significantly associated with PIH (ketamine aOR 4.5, 95% CI 1.35–14.96; propofol aOR 4.88, 95% CI 1.46–16.29). Age >60 years was associated with a greater requirement for vasopressors (aOR 4.46, 95% CI 2.49–7.97) and a higher risk of mortality after RSI (aOR 4.2, 95% CI 1.87–9.40). Patients with a shock index >1.0 were significantly more likely to require vasopressors (aOR 5.13, 95% CI 2.35–11.2) and have a cardiac arrest within 15 min of RSI (aOR 3.56, 95% CI 1.07–11.8).ConclusionsExposure to both propofol and ketamine is significantly associated with PIH after RSI, alongside age and shock index. PIH is likely multifactorial in nature, and this data supports the sympatholytic effect of induction agents as the underlying cause of PIH rather than the choice of agent itself. Further prospective work including a randomised controlled trial between induction agents is justified to further clarify this important clinical question.
Prolonging broccoli shelf life through controlled release of plai essential oil using palm wood sachet as a novel absorbent material with reusable properties
Authors: Matan Narumol , Kongchoosi Nattana 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPalm wood powder derived from palm wood waste was utilized as a novel absorbent material. The investigation involved exploring its pore structure and size to achieve the controlled release of bioactive compounds from plai oil, providing protection against pathogenic bacteria and thereby extending the shelf life of broccoli. The palm wood sachet was prepared before being placed into the broccoli bag. The process to create the sachet involved freezing the palm wood at −10°C and then drying it at a temperature of 200°C. After drying, the material was ground to achieve a particle size of 20 mesh and then packaged into sachets made from wood pulp. The optimized palm wood plai oil sachet (PWPS), measuring 5 × 7 cm, with a thickness of 0.58 µm, was produced by soaking 2 g of palm powder in plai oil at a concentration of 30 µL/mL before drying and packing it inside a 5‐L polyethylene plastic bag (24 × 34 cm) along with broccoli (150 g). The packages were kept at 4°C for 20 days to determine the antimicrobial activity of the PWPS and broccoli quality. PWPS significantly inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes in broccoli for at least 20 days. The sachet demonstrated complete inhibition of all bacteria when reused at least two times and an 80% reduction in efficacy after three uses. Moreover, the PWPS controlled the growth of total aerobic bacteria and yeast and mold in broccoli, meeting microbiological criteria for up to 14 days. Broccoli stored with PWPS showed good quality results and contained high antioxidant value. These results demonstrate the potential application of PWPS in controlling food pathogens and spoilage microbes during storage.Practical ApplicationThis study introduces a novel absorbent material made from palm wood powder, addressing the need for utilizing abundant waste palm wood in the food industry. The material benefits the safe transportation of vegetables from farms to markets. Its porous structure allows efficient absorption of plai oil emulsion, ensuring pathogen‐free and high‐quality treated broccoli. The reusable sachets benefit farmers seeking to extend the shelf life of fresh produce. This cost‐effective method utilizes plai oil vapor, making it suitable for large‐scale production.
The pursuit of positive accountability in the cyber domain
Authors: Pawlak Patryk 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDebates about accountability in cyberspace are dominated by state‐centric and security‐driven approaches that disregard the complexity of the institutional ecosystem in cyberspace and the diverse ways through which different stakeholder groups may pursue accountability. Such an approach has contributed to a flawed interpretation of accountability in cyberspace as applicable solely to malicious actors who need to be punished for their actions. Despite greater policy and research attention to this line of reasoning, holding states accountable for their behaviour has yielded limited results due to the legal, political and technical complexities. At the same time, the non‐malicious activities in cyberspace that might have unintended negative effects remain exempted from scrutiny. Cyber capacity‐building activities, which aim at supporting governments and societies in strengthening their cyber resilience, illustrate this point well. This article introduces the concept of positive accountability to describe accountability for actions that are not malicious in their intent. It argues that the anticipatory potential of mechanisms like deliberation, joint problem‐solving, interactive learning and competition plays an important role in strengthening accountability by eliminating or minimising any unintended or undesired spillovers. It concludes with a proposal that broadly defined capacity building might also be considered a form of anticipatory and deliberative accountability mechanism.
Ad hoc coalitions: From hierarchical to network accountability in peace operations?
Authors: Hofmann Stephanie C. , Karlsrud John , Reykers Yf 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLaunching multinational peace operations are time and politically sensitive decisions that frequently involve the use of force. As a result, a host of accountability issues arise. To date, mainly backward‐looking and hierarchical accountability measures have been developed to guide the implementation of multinational peace operations led by the most prominent actors in this policy domain: intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) and ad hoc coalitions (AHCs). We argue that the existing accountability mechanisms have their flaws, which hypothetically speaking could at least be partly addressed by converting AHCs into network hubs with an emphasis on pluralistic and horizontal accountability practices. AHCs bring a diverse set of actors together and operate with a light institutional framework, in which actors meet on equal grounds. If used as network hubs, AHCs can facilitate an open information exchange and exchange of best practices.
Filter no more: A modified plankton sampler for rapid in‐water eDNA capture
Authors: Pochon Xavier , Laroche Olivier , von Ammon Ulla , Zaiko Anastasija 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The combination of an efficient sampling method and high‐throughput analysis of environmental DNA (eDNA) can be a powerful approach for characterising biodiversity across aquatic ecosystems. Plankton net tows are one of the oldest, simplest, and least expensive methods for seston and eDNA collection, but require laborious filtration steps which often lead to clogging and/or the introduction of contaminants.

In this study, we used a cruising speed net (CSN) device enabling the collection of seston‐derived eDNA at 5 knots speed combined with a novel modified cod‐end with 20 μm nylon mesh inserts enabling eDNA capture while towing. We compared the performance of the CSN sampling protocol with the original conventional filtration of water sample versus the modified cod‐end.

Samples were collected in parallel horizontal tows along New Zealand's North‐Eastern coastline. Concentrated water was filtered on conventional 5 μm cellulose acetate membranes, while the 20 μm nylon mesh inserts were immediately isolated post‐towing. Metabarcoding of bacterial 16S rRNA, eukaryotic nuclear 18S rRNA and mitochondrial COI genes, revealed no significant difference in alpha diversity between filtration techniques. In terms of community composition, a clear and significant shift could be observed between sampling sites and environments. Significant differences could be detected between filtration methods for 16S and COI markers, likely driven by fine‐scale differences at more turbid sheltered sites. Nonetheless, each technique could detect shifts in communities between sites and environments with similar sensitivity.

Our results demonstrate the promising potential of the modified cod‐end to enable practical and cost‐effective isolation of eDNA‐derived biodiversity data from any vessel types (at ≤5 knots) across a large range of aquatic ecosystems and biogeographic scales.
Understanding seminal plasma in male infertility: emerging markers and their implications
Authors: Vashisht Ashutosh , Gahlay Gagandeep Kaur 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInfertility affects a significant proportion of the reproductive‐aged population, with male‐associated factors contributing to over half of the cases. However, current diagnostic tools have limitations, leading to an underestimation of the true prevalence of male infertility. While traditional semen parameters provide some insights, they fail to determine the true fertility potential in a substantial number of instances. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate additional molecular targets responsible for male infertility to improve understanding and identification of such cases. Seminal plasma, the main carrier of molecules derived from male reproductive glands, plays a crucial role in reproduction. Amongst its multifarious functions, it regulates processes such as sperm capacitation, sperm protection and maturation, and even interaction with the egg's zona pellucida. Seminal plasma offers a non‐invasive sample for urogenital diagnostics and has shown promise in identifying biomarkers associated with male reproductive disorders. This review aims to provide an updated and comprehensive overview of seminal plasma in the diagnosis of male infertility, exploring its composition, function, methods used for analysis, and the application of emerging markers. Apart from the application, the potential challenges of seminal plasma analysis such as standardisation, marker interpretation and confounding factors have also been addressed. Moreover, we have also explored future avenues for enhancing its utility and its role in improving diagnostic strategies. Through comprehensive exploration of seminal plasma's diagnostic potential, the present analysis seeks to advance the understanding of male infertility and its effective management.
Citizen‐rentier‐ship: Delivering the Undocumented to Labour Platforms in Paris
Authors: Baril Émile 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPlatform food delivery workers have been under much scrutiny over the last couple of years. Undocumented riders, and their recent strikes and protests in France, have not received as much attention as other issues regarding platform labour (contract work, algorithmic control, surveillance). This article follows fieldwork conducted in Paris and interviews with food couriers. Building on work by critical urban studies, migration studies and science and technology studies, this research puts forward citizen‐rentier‐ship, a tool to understand how multiple parties profit from aspects of precarious status. Interviews with undocumented couriers who worked in Paris highlight how the subletting of accounts, the complicit role of the state, the hypocrisy of employers and the interdependency with the “regularised” put undocumented couriers in hyper‐precarious situations. This article concludes that labour laws, misclassification and migration policies are at the centre of the struggles of Paris’ delivery workers and that they need changes.
Biofunctionalization of surfaces to minimize undesirable effects in cardiovascular assistance devices
Authors: de Sa Rosa Correa Leoncio , de Andrade Aron Jose Pazin , Antunes Vagner Roberto , Salvadori Cecilia , de Sa Teixeira Fernanda , Corat Evaldo Jose , Moro Joao Roberto , Bock Eduardo Guy Perpetuo , Trava‐Airoldi Vladimir Jesus 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe reactivity of blood with non‐endothelial surface is a challenge for long‐term Ventricular Assist Devices development, usually made with pure titanium, which despite of being inert, low density and high mechanical resistance it does not avoid the thrombogenic responses. Here we tested a modification on the titanium surface with Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structures followed by Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) coating in different thicknesses to customize the wettability profile by changing the surface energy of the titanium.MethodsFour different surfaces were proposed: (1) Pure Titanium as Reference Material (RM), (2) Textured as Test Sample (TS), (3) Textured with DLC 0.3μm as (TSA) and (4) Textured with 2.4μm DLC as (TSB). A single implant was positioned in the abdominal aorta of Wistar rats and the effects of hemodynamic interaction were evaluated without anticoagulant drugs.ResultsAfter twelve weeks, the implants were extracted and subjected to qualitative analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy under low vacuum and X‐ray Energy Dispersion. The regions that remained in contact with the wall of the aorta showed encapsulation of the endothelial tissue. TSB implants, although superhydrophilic, have proven that the DLC coating inhibits the adhesion of biological material, prevents abrasive wear and delamination, as observed in the TS and TSA implants. Pseudo‐ neointimal layers were heterogeneously identified in higher concentration on Test Surfaces.
Assessment of the Baby‐Friendly Hospital Initiative showed suboptimal knowledge and a low exclusive breastfeeding rate in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Abdul Rafiq A. , Agbede Catherine O. , Adekoya Adesola O. , Abolurin Olufunmilola O. , Obadina Olufunke O. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimImplementing the Baby‐Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) programme has been fraught with challenges globally. The study aimed to assess the implementation of the BFHI and breastfeeding practices in healthcare facilities in Ogun State, Nigeria.MethodsIt was a questionnaire‐based cross‐sectional study carried out between August and October 2019 among 100 healthcare workers and 110 mothers from health facilities in Ijebu‐Ode Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria.ResultsNearly two‐thirds (61.0%) of the healthcare workers were community health workers while the others were nurses. Less than a quarter (23.8%) of the healthcare workers had ever attended breastfeeding educational programmes since they started working. About half of the healthcare workers had good knowledge, attitude and practice of BFHI. Nurses had a significantly better practice of BFHI than community health workers. Understaffing was a major limitation to the implementation of BFHI. The mothers had an exclusive breastfeeding rate of 47%.ConclusionThe knowledge, attitude, and practice of BFHI were suboptimal and the exclusive breastfeeding rate among the mothers was low. There is a need to improve staff strength, training and re‐training of staff, as well as regular monitoring and evaluation of healthcare facilities on the implementation of BFHI.