bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproductive health of adolescents in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman S. , Nessa F. , Rahman S. , Ali R. , Ara Ali H. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe health and social effects of pregnancy in married women 13–23 years of age were studied among a population of 175,000 in rural Bangladesh. Data collected by a structured questionnaire identified pregnant women who were followed twice during pregnancy and twice postpartum. Maternal mortality for the 13–17 age group was 5.8/1000 compared to 1.8/1000 for the 18–23 year olds. Major causes of death in the younger group were obstructed labor and toxemia. The neonatal death rate was 80/1000 for the younger group and 43/1000 for the older group. The major cause of death of infants born to the younger mothers was birth injury. In infants born to older mothers, it was tetanus. Perinatal death rate was 66.4/1000. All deliveries occurred at home, and 89% of births were attended by relatives, neighbors or an untrained birth attendant. Only 13% of the women had ever used contraceptives. Use varied from 2.9% at 16 years to 24.7% at 23 years. Suggestions are made for improving maternal and child health care in rural Bangladesh.
Vaginal sonographic visualisation of a cervical carcinoma
Authors: Osmers R. , Bergholz M. , Kuhn W. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn the present case, the vaginal sonographic picture of a cervical (collum) carcinoma, which was clinically non‐apparent, but was histologically established through a fractionated curettage, led to a change in the surgical procedure in the sense that a primary operation according to Wertheim—Meigs instead of a knife conisation was performed. The postoperative histology showed a good correlation between sonographic tumor boundaries and the actual expansion of the carcinoma.
Successful hemisterilization in a patient with uterus didelphus
Authors: Børlum K.‐G. , Blom R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWomen with uterine malformations frequently present with reproductive impairment. This case addresses the opposite problem, a woman with uterus didelphus who conceived with ease. Following three consecutive cesarean sections in the left uterine horn, she was offered sterilization for medical reasons, but refused on religious grounds. As a compromise, she accepted unilateral tubal closure in order to force future pregnancies to the right uterine horn. She has now had three pregnancies with two cesarean sections on that side.
Embolization therapy in patients with severe arterial bleeding after hysterectomy
Authors: Teichmann A.T. , Körber H.J. , Schuster R. , Romatowski H.‐J.v. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe case history of a patient aged 41 years, who suffered recurrent hemorrhages following vaginal hysterectomy is reported. After several surgical interventions complete hemostasis was finally achieved by selective embolization of the internal iliacal artery. The application of this procedure is recommended in case of recurrent bleeding complications caused by pelvic surgery or neoplasms.
Amniotic fluid prolactin levels in Rhesus isoimmunized patients
Authors: Baxi L.V. , Fairne D. , Frantz A.G. , Freda V. , Stark R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe concentration of prolactin in the amniotic fluid (AFPRL) was measured in 75 samples obtained in the third trimester of 14 isoimmunized women. There was a uniform decline in prolactin levels with advancing gestation in each pregnancy (r = −0.89 to −0.99). The decline in AFPRL was similar in uncomplicated pregnancies. AFPRL levels were not predictive of umbilical cord hemoglobin or bilirubin levels and amniotic fluid lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio.
A new method for measurement of surfactant specific apoprotein in amniotic fluid
Authors: Kashiwabara Y. , Onoyama Y. , Shimokawa H. , Hisanaga S. , Nakano H. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA simple and rapid method for the quantitative measurement of surfactant specific apoprotein concentration in amniotic fluid was developed using the measurement of immunological reactions by the nephelometric technique. Use of this method made it possible to measure 0.5–8.0 μg apoproteins per ml within approximately 70 min. Surfactant specific apoproteins in 54 samples of amniotic fluid were measured using the method. The surfactant specific apoprotein concentration in amniotic fluid increased from 1.03 ± 0.51 μg/ml (mean ± S.D.) at 26–30 weeks of gestation to 4.45 ± 2.08 μg/ml at 36 weeks of gestation or more. Among premature infants, who were delivered within 24 h after amniocentesis, surfactant specific apoprotein concentration was less than 1.5 μg/ml in three infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), and more than 2.1 μg/ml in six without RDS. The results indicated that the quantitative measurement of surfactant specific apoprotein in amniotic fluid is effective in predicting the fetal lung maturity, and that simplicity and rapidity make our method useful for clinical application.
Peritonitis and empyema following the use of dextran in tubal operations
Authors: Zamir O. , Rosenn B. , Udassin R. , Nissan S. , Palti Z. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTwo patients developed severe bacterial sepsis with peritonitis and pleural empyema following tubal surgery. Intraperitoneal low‐molecular dextran was used in both patients and hydrocortisone was administered perioperatively. The use of dextran in tubal surgery probably increases the risk of severe postoperative infection and should be avoided in susceptible patients. Prophylactic antibiotics may be indicated when dextran is administered.
Rupture of the gravid uterus following a road traffic accident
Authors: Onwudiegwu U. , Okonofua F.E. , Omole‐Ohonsi A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA case of rupture of the uterus at 34 weeks of pregnancy due to a road traffic accident is presented. Emergency laparotomy and total abdominal hysterectomy were done with good maternal outcome. This is a rare cause of rupture of the uterus in this population.
Surgical control of obstetric hemorrhage: hypogastric artery ligation or hysterectomy?
Authors: Chattopadhyay S.K. , Deb Roy B. , Edrees Y.B. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractSixty‐four patients with severe postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) required surgical intervention during the years 1983 to 1987. Bilateral hypogastric artery ligation (HAL) was the initial surgical approach in 45% (29/64) and hysterectomy in 55% (35/64). HAL successfully controlled hemorrhage in 65% (19/29), and failed in 35% (10/29) where hysterectomy was required as a life saving procedure. Failure of HAL was more evident in atonic PPH than in other situations. Complications were more following hysterectomy; six (6/45) patients required re‐exploration for intraperitoneal hemorrhage and two (2/45) patients died following hysterectomy. HAL was found to be a relatively easy, safe and successful procedure to be attempted as an initial surgical approach for all severe PPH, specially where uterine conservation was desired.
The relationship between beta‐endorphin levels and uterine muscle contractions during labor
Authors: Weissberg N. , Algur N. , Schwartz G. , Shemesh O. , Eylath U. , Abraham A.S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractPlasma β‐endorphin (BE) levels (8.6 ± 0.8 pmol/l) (mean ± SE) were lower in the third trimester than in non‐pregnant controls (14.8 ± 1.1 pmol/l) (P < 0.001), increased during labor, to 29.3 ± 4.4 pmol/l (P < 0.005) and decreased, 72 h after delivery, to 3.5 ± 0.4 pmol/l (P < 0.001). BE levels were found to correlate significantly with uterine muscle contraction (r = 0.966, P < 0.05) and with cervical effacement (r = 0.974, P < 0.05) during labor.
Blood pressure profiles and perinatal outcome in pregnant black women in Pelonomi Hospital, Bloemfontein, South Africa
Authors: Schoon M.G. , Van der Walt W.J. , Fourie J. , Kruger H. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn a retrospective study, the antenatal records of 241 consecutive patients were analyzed. Maternal gravidity, age, blood pressure recordings, and fetal gestational age at birth, weight and perinatal deaths were recorded. Blood pressure recordings were done by the clinic staff with the patient in the supine position tilted 15° to the right. Hypertension was defined as a diastolic pressure (Korotkoff phase 4) of 90 mmHg or more. Forty‐one percent were classified as hypertensive. Hypertension before 33 weeks had a perinatal mortality of 264/1000.
The prognostic significance of augmentation of urethral closure pressure and functional length
Authors: Sand P.K. , Bowen L.W. , Ostergard D.R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractSixty‐one women with genuine stress incontinence undergoing preoperative and postoperative multichannel urodynamic investigation were tested with augmenting urethral closure pressure profiles during contraction of the pelvic floor muscles to assess voluntary control of the urethral “sphincter.” Increases of 20% or more above resting functional length and closure pressure were selected as indicators of augmentation. The presence or absence of augmentation of functional urethral length and/or closure pressure during pelvic floor contraction allowed for the grouping of these patients into six subgroups which were compared for urinary symptoms, prior anti‐incontinence procedures and the presence of low urethral pressure, detrusor instability and genuine stress incontinence both pre‐ and postoperatively. Evaluation of the patient's ability to augment functional length and closure pressure did not affect surgical success nor did its presence or absence correspond to the presence of a low pressure urethra, detrusor instability, or specific urinary symptoms. Evaluation of augmentation of functional length and closure pressure was therefore felt to be of no prognostic value during the performance of multichannel urodynamic testing in incontinent females.
Effectiveness of phenol‐atabrine‐paste (PAP) instillation for female sterilization
Authors: Kang X.P. , Wan H.Z. , Wang P. , Wang S.X. , Chow L.P. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTwo groups of sterilized women, 3307 by phenol‐atabrine‐paste (PAP) instillation and 1026 by mini‐lap technique, were follow‐up interviewed to determine their relative effectiveness. PAP, if successfully performed, was as effective as the mini‐lap. The life table pregnancy rates among successful PAP women were 0.21 and 0.28 at 12 and 24 months, respectively. The rates among the unsuccessful PAP women, however, were high: 15.1 and 30.5 at 12 and 24 months, respectively. In spite of its distinctive advantage of being non‐surgical, wider promotion of PAP sterilization procedure deserves caution.
Endometrial responses to various hormone replacement regimens in ovarian failure patients preparing for embryo donation
Authors: Sauer M.V. , Stein A.L. , Paulson R.J. , Moyer D.L. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractVarious regimens are recommended for replacing sex steroids in ovarian failure patients attempting donor embryo transfer. We histologically assessed endometrial biopsies obtained on simulated cycle day 26 from functionally agonadal patients (n = 19) receiving hormone replacement according to three different regimens: Regimen 1, oral micronized estradiol (E2) 2 mg days 1–5, 4 mg days 6–9, 6 mg days 10–13, 4 mg days 14–28, with progesterone vaginal suppositories, 100 mg day 15 followed by 200 mg days 16–28; Regimen 2, oral micronized E2 1 mg days 1–5, 2 mg days 6–9, 6 mg days 10–13, 2 mg days 14–28, with progesterone vaginal suppositories, 100 mg day 15 followed by 200 mg days 16–28; Regimen 3: oral micronized E2 1 mg days 1–5, 2 mg days 6–9, 6 mg days 10–13, 2 mg days 14–28, progesterone 50 mg intramuscularly delivered day 15 followed by 100 mg intramuscularly days 16–28. Biopsies were interpreted according to Noyes criteria. While all regimens resulted in variable degrees of stromal pseudodecidualization, Regimen 1 biopsies uniformly demonstrated glandular abnormalities consistent with excessive estrogen stimulation. This included aberrant maturation, intraluminal papillary excrescences and variations in epithelium size and stratification. Regimen 2 biopsies were morphologically normal in most patients, yet many manifested minor variations in gland maturity. Only Regimen 3 biopsies were consistently normal on day 26 or slightly advanced in maturation. We conclude that endometrial morphology differs according to the hormone replacement preparation and route of administration. A combination of oral E2 and intramuscular progesterone, given according to Regimen 3 design, reliably produces in‐phase secretory endometrium morphologically indistinguishable from a natural spontaneous cycle.
Premenstrual tension: A placebo‐controlled efficacy study with spironolactone and medroxyprogesterone acetate
Authors: Hellberg D. , Claesson B. , Nilsson S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractForty‐three healthy women with a characteristic history of premenstrual tension participated in a placebo controlled, crossover study. The effects of spironolactone (Aldactone) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (Gestapuran) on ten symptoms of premenstrual tension were evaluated. Placebo tablets as well as spironolactone and medroxyprogesterone acetate significantly improved a mood index score (which ia a generally accepted method to measure premenstrual symptoms). Spironolactone and medroxyprogesterone acetate were however both significantly (P < 0.05) better than placebo in relieving the symptoms.
Essential fatty acids in pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth retardation
Authors: Vilbergsson G. , Samsioe G. , Wennergren M. , Karlsson K. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe relative fatty acid composition of lecithin was measured in maternal and cord blood serum in human pregnancies at risk for intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) (n = 28) as compared to controls (n = 20). In the IUGR cases (n = 13) linoleic acid was lower in maternal samples but higher in cord blood, oleic acid was elevated in both whereas docosohexaenoic acid was lower. Essential fatty acid composition of lecithin was found to be different in IUGR.
The value of human menopausal gonadotropin treatment in patients with unexplained infertility
Authors: Gürgan T. , Kişnişçi H. , Yarali H. , Aksu T. , Zeyneloĝlu H. , Develioĝlu O. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe role of multiple ovulation with human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) in the treatment of unexplained infertility is evaluated. Of a total 73 patients with unexplained infertility, 39 received four cycles of HMG, whereas, 34 were left untreated. Eight (20.5%) women conceived during HMG treatment, in comparison to only 1 (2.9%) in the control group (P < 0.05). This study gives further credit to the value of HMG treatment for unexplained infertility.
Scanning electron microscopy of endometriotic lesions in the pelvic peritoneum and the histogenesis of endometriosis
Authors: Hayata T. , Matsu T. , Kawano Y. , Matsui N. , Miyakawa I. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVE: To determine whether the epithelium of an endometriotic lesion has eutopic endometrial glandular epithelium morphology or not for the histogenesis of endometriosis. METHOD: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the endometrium was done for 25 cases. Histologically proven endometriotic lesions of 10 of these 25 cases were processed for SEM. Peroneum samples of another 15 cases without histological endometriosis were also studied. RESULT: Three of 10 cases with histologically proven endometriotic lesions revealed endometrium‐like morphology by SEM, whereas normal appearing peritoneum without histological endometriosis in 15 cases showed no endometriumlike structures by SEM. CONCLUSION: Although abovementioned results did not support retrograde menstruation and implantation, they suggested a possibility of derivation from the endometrium.
Cervical priming and labor induction by multiple doses of intracervical prostaglandin E2 gel
Authors: Norchi S. , Zanini A. , Regalia A.L. , Pollini A. , Silva A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOne hundred seventy‐two term pregnant women with medical or obstetric conditions requiring induction of labor were treated with intracervical administration of 0.5 mg prostag‐glandin E2 in tylose gel. Multiple administrations were necessary in 42 cases (24.4%), two administrations in 31 cases (18.0%) and three administrations in 11 cases (6.4%). Intracervical administration of PGE2 tylose gel (0.5 mg dose) is useful to prime the cervix, induce labor, and significantly modify Bishop score.
Ovarian masses in postmenopausal women
Authors: Ovadia J. , Goldman G.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn an attempt to evaluate the significance of malignant tumors in postmenopausal women, we reviewed the charts of 380 postmenopausal women over 50 years of age, operated on in our department for adnexal masses, from January 1st 1980 to December 31st, 1989. Two hundred and ninety‐seven benign (78.2%) and 83 malignant (21.8%) tumors were found. In our group of patients the rate of malignancies increases significantly with the size of the lesion. Of the malignant tumors 25.1% were in the age group 50–60 years, 16.3% in the age group 60–80 years and 58.6%, a fourfold increase in the rate of malignancies, in the over 80 age group. Although surgery might pose problems in older patients, we conclude, on the basis of our experience, that surgical treatment should be considered for all adnexal masses in postmenopausal women.
The use of intradepartmental audit to contain cesarean section rate
Authors: Tay S.‐K. , Tsakok F.H.M. , Ng C.S.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn one department practicing critical review of indications for cesarean delivery, the overall LSCS rate was maintained at 12.3%, 11.1%, 11.2% and 11.4% for 1987, 1988, 1989 and 1990, respectively. A highly significant (P = 0.0013) reduction of 26.8% was observed in the LSCS rate for cephalo‐pelvic disproportion between 1987 and 1990. Perinatal mortality rate per 1000 births remained low at 8.25, 7.05, 9.39 and 5.83 for infants weighing 500 g or more.
The use of fetal tissue for therapeutic applications
Authors: Rojansky N. , Schenker J.G. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn recent years, dramatic progress has been made through research using dead human fetal tissue. Cellular transplantation is an attractive alternative to organ grafting when only a discrete function of the organ is impaired. Early fetal donor cells have an advantage because they engraft readily and do not cause graft‐versus‐host disease. Similarly, the fetus is an ideal recipient of allogenic fetal cells as it is incapable of rejecting them early in gestation. Recent research advances have led to its use in endocrine, neurologic and immune system disorders as well as in hematologic and hepatic deficiencies. Concurrently, this research has led to controversy over the ethics of using human fetal tissue, particularly tissue from induced abortions. Although legalized abortion remains a hotly debated controversial issue in the USA and some other countries, a consensus has been forming, in the scientific community, on the ethical use of fetal tissue in research and clinical transplantation. This review presents the theoretical background and recent research and clinical advances in fetal tissue transplantation, in the light of the current debate on its ethical and moral implications.
Cervical cancer in young women: A poorer prognosis?
Authors: Póká R. , Juhász B. , Lampé L. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractObjective: The existence of an aggressive form of cervical carcinoma affecting young women is studied by survival analysis of a large patient population. Method: Between 1969 and 1986, 1577 cases of cervical cancer were treated according to well‐defined policies at the University Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Debrecen, Hungary. Patients' records were reviewed to obtain data for survival analysis. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves were generated for each stage and stratified for age. The log‐rank test was used to compare the survival of younger and older patients at each stage. Multivariate analysis was performed to control for stage and treatment type when 5‐year survival trends across four different age groups were examined. Results: Comparison of survival of patients under 35 and over 35 years of age, and also those under 40 and over 40 years of age revealed no significant differences. Five‐year survival across the < 30, 30–39, 40–49 and ≥ 50 years age groups showed no significant trend. No differences in survival were revealed when the comparison was controlled for stage of disease and treatment type. Conclusion: Results suggest that cervical carcinoma in young women is not more aggressive than in other age groups.
Effect of blood transfusion in patients with gynecologic malignancy
Authors: McGehee R.P. , Dodson M.K. , Moore J.L. , Morrison F.S. , Bass J.D. , Burrow P. , Morrison J.C. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractObjectives: To determine the effect of blood transfusion on long‐term outcome (disease‐free interval, recurrence of disease after treatment, and survival) in women with invasive gynecologic malignancy. Methods: In this retrospective study, 125 patients with gynecologic malignancy were assessed over a 36‐month period. The variable of whether patients received blood transfusion during therapy was used to divide the sample into two groups. Results: There were no differences in the age, ethnicity, and site‐stage of tumor of the two groups. Treatments (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or multimodal) were similar between the two groups, as were initial hematocrits. The disease‐free interval was significantly better in women who did not receive homologous blood (P < 0.001). Life table analysis illustrated that more patients were alive and free of disease if they did not receive blood (P < 0.001). Likewise, persistence‐recurrence of cancer was more common in the transfusion group (P < 0.001). Finally, overall survival time was adversely affected by transfusion (P = 0.045). Conclusions: The use of blood products in patients with invasive gynecologic cancer is associated with enhanced recurrence or persistence of malignancy, a decrease in the disease‐free interval, and reduction in the probability of survival without evidence of disease.
Score prognosis for the infertile couple based on historical factors and sperm analysis
Authors: Bahamondes L. , Alvarez Alma F. , Faúndes A. , Vera S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractObjective: To identify variables, obtained from historical factors and sperm analysis, associated with greater chances of pregnancy in infertile couples. Methods: The study was carried out in Córdoba, Argentina. The characteristics of 247 couples consulting for infertility who achieved pregnancy within 3 years of their first visit were compared with those of 312 couples who did not become pregnant. We evaluated the relationship between the age of the woman and her partner, the type and duration of infertility, length of the last three menstrual cycles, history of pelvic surgery in the woman, and testicular volume, sperm density, motility and morphology in her partner, and the achievement of pregnancy. For the analysis, logistic regression was used. Results: Six variables had a predictive value: sperm morphology, the woman's age, type and duration of infertility, her history of pelvic surgery, and duration of menstrual cycles. Conclusions: The best prognosis for future fertility in infertile couples is correlated with a higher percentage of normal sperm morphology, younger woman's age, secondary infertility, fewer years of infertility, negative history of pelvic surgery, and abnormal menstrual cycles.