bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing Augmentative and Alternative Communication Competence in Preservice Speech-Language Pathologists: A Collaborative Model for Clinical Educators
Authors: Brittlebank Savanna , Sowers Dawn J. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
Practicing speech-language pathologists (SLPs) reveal a perceived lack of preparedness to deliver augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) services. This is concerning because it is indicative of inadequate graduate training in AAC. The purpose of this clinical focus article was to present a collaborative model of clinical education for AAC preservice training. This clinical focus article will provide recommendations to support practicing SLPs in the provision of effective clinical instruction for preservice clinicians working with individuals with complex communication needs who require AAC.

Method:
There is an urgent need for improved training for clinical educators providing instruction in AAC. In this clinical focus article, a literature review of the existing evidence regarding best practices in clinical education and AAC training for SLPs was completed to explore current theoretical and practical approaches. The evidence was utilized to create a collaborative model of recommended clinical education in AAC.

Results:
There is limited guidance for clinical educators when it comes to training preservice clinicians. This clinical focus article provides recommendations for AAC training of preservice SLPs by clinical educators in the field of speech-language pathology.

Conclusions:
The collaborative model proposed in this clinical focus article delivers a roadmap to guide practicing SLPs in the development of AAC clinical competence of preservice clinicians. Future research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the model.
Scenario analysis of Taiwan's nuclear phase‐out strategy with time series forecasting
Authors: Hsu Jane Lu , Vo Nguyen Minh‐Trang , Chen You‐Ren , Chang Wen Chuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractElectricity generation in Taiwan is mainly from thermal, nuclear, and renewable sources. With nearly four decades of monthly data (from January 1982 to January 2022) used in analytics, the forecasting results reveal the patterns of electricity generation in Taiwan. Exponential smoothing and Holt–Winters seasonal models are used for time‐series forecasting, and scenario analysis is applied to simulate possible paths for nuclear phase‐out in Taiwan by 2025. Taking the fact of Taiwan's lack of energy independence into account, transition for nuclear phase‐out may require a substantial leap to meet the demand. The feasibility of electricity generation using current thermal power capacity and renewable energy remain challenging.
Textile defect detection based on multi‐proportion spatial attention mechanism and channel memory feature fusion network
Authors: Ji Yaxin , Di Lan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a textile defect detection method that utilizes a multi‐proportion spatial attention mechanism and channel memory feature fusion network by addressing the difficulties presented by complicated shapes and large size variations. In particular, a multi‐proportion spatial attention mechanism (MPAM) is introduced, which employs multi‐proportion convolution to improve the backbone network's capacity to detect non‐uniform structural defects. Additionally, the generality and adaptability of the model are enhanced by a multi‐scale spatial pyramid pooling structure (MS‐SPP). Second, a channel attention mechanism‐based memory feature fusion network is developed, which incorporates channel attention to adaptive weight the feature channels, focusing on crucial information channels to efficiently fuse contextual features and enhance the model's memory capacity. Finally, a novel efficient Wise‐IoU (EWIoU) loss function is proposed, which utilizes a dynamic non‐monotonic focusing mechanism to increase the penalty on distance measurement, thus enhancing the model's detection performance. Experiment findings on the ZJU‐Leaper and Tianchi textile datasets reveal that compared to the YOLOv7 baseline, the method in this paper has an increase of 6.5 and 2 percentage points, respectively, and the detection accuracy is better than most existing networks.
ELoran signal message prediction algorithm based on Alexnet‐ECA
Authors: Zhang Kai , Yang Fan , Wang Weidong , Ye Xiaotao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEnhanced Loran (eLoran) is the most important backup system for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). However, most current eLoran demodulation methods are based on digital signal processing, which may produce large errors under the influence of strong interference or noise. The authors propose an eLoran signal message prediction algorithm based on deep learning. Using time‐frequency (TF) analysis convert one‐dimensional signal into two‐dimensional high‐resolution image. It improves Alexnet by adjusting the convolutional layer structure, adding an attention module, and reducing the pooling layer window to construct the Alexnet‐ECA network. The network is used to identify TF image features and predict signal message. The experimental results show that novel method for eLoran signal message prediction based on Alexnet‐ECA can achieve high accuracy and robustness in various SNR scenarios. The accuracy is more than 90% at SNR greater than 10db and not less than 80% even in the complex environments. Compared with Resnet34 and VGG16 networks, Alexnet‐ECA demonstrates its efficiency and effectiveness using real measurement data. This method can enhance the performance and reliability of eLoran receivers and applications.
Give your optical metrology a LIFT
Authors: Porcar Rafael , Levecq Xavier 
Published: October 2023

Shack Hartmann (SH) Wavefront Sensing (WFS) brings many advantages that has made it a standard in optical metrology, but it has long been limited by its resolution compared to other solutions, such as interferometry.
We will present a new approach to the linearized focal plane technique (LIFT), formerly developed by ONERA, which is based on the combination of standard SH technology with phase retrieval algorithms. Applied on all the spots of the SH wavefront sensor microlens array, it provides information on high spatial frequencies, allows to reconstruct more modes for each microlens and results in a 16-fold improvement (4x in each transverse direction) of the sensor spatial resolution!
We will present how we have optimized and validated the LIFT technology for optical metrology. We will share some measurements performed on extremely complex wavefronts. Finally, we will propose an implementation for industrial applications such as manufacturing and will describe some use cases.
Benefiting from the same advantages as SH WFS -such as robustness to vibrations and atmospheric turbulence, or the ability to easily work at any wavelength- the LIFT technology presents very promising perspectives for optical and freeform metrology and can advantageously replace, at lower cost and better usability, Fizeau interferometry.
Update Leitlinie Psoriasisarthritis
Authors: Sewerin Philipp , Kiefer David , Baraliakos Xenofon 
Published: October 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGFür die Psoriasisarthritis (PsA) stehen heute seitens der European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) und der Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) 2 internationale Leitlinien zur Verfügung, die evidenzbasiert Therapievorschläge für die heterogene Gruppe der PsA-Patient*innen vorschlagen. Hierbei werden in beiden Leitlinien die unterschiedlichen Domänen, wie die periphere Arthritis, die axiale Beteiligung oder das Ausmaß der Hautbeteiligung, adressiert. So finden wir in den EULAR-Leitlinien unterschiedliche Empfehlungen für primär peripher arthritische, axiale oder enthesiale Verlaufsformen, wohingegen die Hautbeteiligung selbst therapeutisch nicht fokussiert wird. Bei den GRAPPA-Empfehlungen werden rein domänenspezifische Therapievorschläge angeboten, welche somit noch spezifischer und individueller genutzt werden können, allerdings im Einzelfall ggf. einen weniger konkreten Therapievorschlag liefern können. Neben der Therapie selbst ist das Messen des Therapieerfolges und das Festlegen eines klaren Therapieziels heute von großer Bedeutung, was nur mit validierten Messinstrumenten möglich ist, welche ebenfalls angesprochen werden sollen.
Sustained Effect of Clinical Decision Support for Heart Failure: A Natural Experiment Using Implementation Science
Authors: Trinkley Katy E. , Wright Garth , Allen Larry A. , Bennett Tellen D. , Glasgow Russell E. , Hale Gary , Heckman Simeon , Huebschmann Amy G. , Kahn Michael G. , Kao David P. , Lin Chen-Tan , Malone Daniel C. , Matlock Daniel D. , Wells Lauren , Wysocki Vincent , Zhang Shelley , Suresh Krithika 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives In a randomized controlled trial, we found that applying implementation science (IS) methods and best practices in clinical decision support (CDS) design to create a locally customized, “enhanced” CDS significantly improved evidence-based prescribing of β blockers (BB) for heart failure compared with an unmodified commercially available CDS. At trial conclusion, the enhanced CDS was expanded to all sites. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the real-world sustained effect of the enhanced CDS compared with the commercial CDS.
Methods In this natural experiment of 28 primary care clinics, we compared clinics exposed to the commercial CDS (preperiod) to clinics exposed to the enhanced CDS (both periods). The primary effectiveness outcome was the proportion of alerts resulting in a BB prescription. Secondary outcomes included patient reach and clinician adoption (dismissals).
Results There were 367 alerts for 183 unique patients and 171 unique clinicians (pre: March 2019–August 2019; post: October 2019–March 2020). The enhanced CDS increased prescribing by 26.1% compared with the commercial (95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.0–35.1%), which is consistent with the 24% increase in the previous study. The odds of adopting the enhanced CDS was 81% compared with 29% with the commercial (odds ratio: 4.17, 95% CI: 1.96–8.85). The enhanced CDS adoption and effectiveness rates were 62 and 14% in the preperiod and 92 and 10% in the postperiod.
Conclusion Applying IS methods with CDS best practices was associated with improved and sustained clinician adoption and effectiveness compared with a commercially available CDS tool.
In Search of the Perfect Thrombosis and Bleeding-Associated Cancer Scale
Authors: Wojtukiewicz Marek Z. , Tesarova Petra , Karetová Debora , Windyga Jerzy 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThrombosis and bleeding are commonly observed in cancer patients, and their management is crucial for positive patient outcomes. A comprehensive, prophylactic, and therapeutic management of venous thrombosis should focus on identifying the patients who would benefit most from treatment to reduce mortality and minimize the risk of thrombosis recurrence without significantly increasing the risk of bleeding. Existing cancer scales provide valuable information for assessing the overall burden of cancer and guiding treatment decisions, but their ability to predict thrombotic and bleeding events remains limited. With increasing knowledge of the pathophysiology of cancer and the availability of advanced anticancer therapies, new risk factors for cancer-associated thrombosis and bleeding are being identified. In this report, we analyze the current literature and identify new risk factors for venous thrombosis and bleeding which are not included in routinely used risk scores. While some existing cancer scales partially capture the risk of thrombosis and bleeding, there is a need for more specific and accurate scales tailored to these complications. The development of such scales could improve risk stratification, aid in treatment selection, and enhance patient care. Therefore, further research and development of novel cancer scales focused on thrombosis and bleeding are warranted to optimize patient management and outcomes.
Optothermal crystallization of hard spheres in an effective bidimensional geometry
Authors: Ruzzi Vincenzo , Baglioni Jacopo , Piazza Roberto 
Published: October 2023

Using colloids effectively confined in two dimensions by a cell with a thickness comparable to the particle size, we investigate the nucleation and growth of crystallites induced by locally heating the solvent with a near-infrared laser beam. The particles, which are “thermophilic,” move towards the laser spot solely because of thermophoresis with no convection effects, forming dense clusters whose structure is monitored using two order parameters that gauge the local density and the orientational ordering. We find that ordering takes place when the cluster reaches an average surface density that is still below the upper equilibrium limit for the fluid phase of hard disks, meaning that we do not detect any sign of a proper “two-stage” nucleation from a glass or a polymorphic crystal structure. The crystal obtained at late growth stage displays a remarkable uniformity with a negligible amount of defects, arguably because the incoming particles diffuse, bounce, and displace other particles before settling at the crystal interface. This “fluidization” of the outer crystal edge may resemble the surface enhanced mobility giving rise to ultra-stable glasses by physical vapor deposition.
Global dynamics, thermodynamics and non-equilibrium origin of bifurcations for single neuron dynamics
Authors: Wang Xiaochen , Wu Yuxuan , Xu Liufang , Wang Jin 
Published: October 2023

The understanding of neural excitability and oscillations in single neuron dynamics remains incomplete in terms of global stabilities and the underlying mechanisms for phase formation and associated phase transitions. In this study, we investigate the mechanism of single neuron excitability and spontaneous oscillations by analyzing the potential landscape and curl flux. The topological features of the landscape play a crucial role in assessing the stability of resting states and the robustness/coherence of oscillations. We analyze the excitation characteristics in Class I and Class II neurons and establish their relation to biological function. Our findings reveal that the average curl flux and associated entropy production exhibit significant changes near bifurcation or phase transition points. Moreover, the curl flux and entropy production offer insights into the dynamical and thermodynamical origins of nonequilibrium phase transitions and exhibit distinct behaviors in Class I and Class II neurons. Additionally, we quantify time irreversibility through the difference in cross-correlation functions in both forward and backward time, providing potential indicators for the emergence of nonequilibrium phase transitions in single neurons.
The forced migration from Ukraine after the full scale Russian invasion: dynamics and decision making drivers
Authors: Maidanik Iryna 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
The Russian invasion into Ukraine prompted a large-scale population exodus. The data reveal fluctuating cross-border movements characterized by an initial outflow (February–April 2022), followed by a period of return and stabilization (May–September 2022), then a renewed outflow caused by missile attacks on civilians (October 2022–February 2023), and oscillating migrations during Spring 2023. These oscillations during Spring 2023 are possibly linked to refugees visiting Ukraine for Easter and the activation of border crossings due to the high holiday season that began in late spring. This essay reviews several data sources to address decisions of Ukrainians to relocate. It argues that immobility perspective is crucial to understand the dynamics of migration in Ukraine.
A three-dimensional adaptive rational interpolation algorithm for removing TMS-EEG pulse artifacts
Authors: Xiong Hui , Di Yajun , Liu Jinzhen , Han Yuqing , Zheng Yu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. Transcranial magnetic stimulation in combination with electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) has been widely used to study the reactivity and connectivity of brain regions. In order to efficiently and fast solve the pulse artifacts problem caused by TMS electromagnetic pulses, a three-dimensional adaptive rational quadratic Hermite interpolation algorithm is proposed. Approach. Firstly, a three-dimensional signal matrix is obtained by a signal recombination algorithm, where the removed window is automatically obtained by a derivative threshold. Secondly, the adaptive rational quartic Hermite interpolation algorithm is used to interpolate the removed window. Finally, the performance of the algorithm is verified using simulated and public database data. Main results. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm improves the SNR by 23.88%–47.60%, reduces the RMSE by 46.52%–81.11%, reduces the average MAE by 47.83%–58.33%, and reduces the time consumption of the proposed algorithm by 45.90% compared with the piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation algorithm. Significance. Therefore, TMS-EEG pulse artifacts can be removed effectively and quickly with the proposed algorithm.
Validity and reliability of the DANU sports system for walking and running gait assessment
Authors: Mason Rachel , Barry Gillian , Robinson Hugh , O’Callaghan Ben , Lennon Oisin , Godfrey Alan , Stuart Samuel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. Gait assessments have traditionally been analysed in laboratory settings, but this may not reflect natural gait. Wearable technology may offer an alternative due to its versatility. The purpose of the study was to establish the validity and reliability of temporal gait outcomes calculated by the DANU sports system, against a 3D motion capture reference system. Approach. Forty-one healthy adults (26 M, 15 F, age 36.4 ± 11.8 years) completed a series of overground walking and jogging trials and 60 s treadmill walking and running trials at various speeds (8–14 km hr−1), participants returned for a second testing session to repeat the same testing. Main results. For validity, 1406 steps and 613 trials during overground and across all treadmill trials were analysed respectively. Temporal outcomes generated by the DANU sports system included ground contact time, swing time and stride time all demonstrated excellent agreement compared to the laboratory reference (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) > 0.900), aside from ground contact time during overground jogging which had good agreement (ICC = 0.778). For reliability, 666 overground and 511 treadmill trials across all speeds were examined. Test re-test agreement was excellent for all outcomes across treadmill trials (ICC > 0.900), except for swing time during treadmill walking which had good agreement (ICC = 0.886). Overground trials demonstrated moderate to good test re-test agreement (ICC = 0.672–0.750), which may be due to inherent variability of self-selected (rather than treadmill set) pacing between sessions. Significance. Overall, this study showed that temporal gait outcomes from the DANU Sports System had good to excellent validity and moderate to excellent reliability in healthy adults compared to an established laboratory reference.
Measurement of electron energetics in the equatorial and polar planes of a compact dipole plasma driven at steady state
Authors: Hunjan Sargam , Bhattacharjee Sudeep 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The electron energy distribution function (EEDF) is investigated in a plasma driven at steady state and confined by a single permanent dipole magnet, employing electron cyclotron resonance heating using microwaves of 2.45 GHz. Directional retarding field energy analyzers are used to explore the EEDF in the equatorial and polar planes of the dipole magnetic field. The plasma confined in the magnetic field is found to be Maxwellian in most of the available space. Electrons have higher values of average energy (

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) in the direction parallel to the magnetic field for both the equatorial and polar planes. The energetic electron rich regions are found at specific locations (r = 9 cm in the equatorial plane, and r = 5 cm and near the boundary region around r = 17 cm in the polar plane). The process rates such as electron neutral collisions and ionization show anisotropic variation in the polar plane of the dipole plasma.
A high load capacity and efficient-transporting inchworm-like crawling robot with bistable structure and pneumatic networks actuator
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Nan Ruyi , Shen Hongcheng , Pan Baisong , Zhang Guang , Sun Min , Chai Hao , Jiang Shaofei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Although pneumatic soft crawling robots have made great progress, there are still several difficulties hindering their practical progress, the most important of which is the insufficient stiffness and the insufficient load capacity under large deformations. An inchworm-like soft crawling robot with load capacity and deformability is proposed in this paper. Bistable composite structures are typically smart morphing variable stiffness structures with lightweight, good stiffness under large deformations and possessing two stable configurations. Instead of traditional materials with high Young’s modular, the inchworm-like crawling robot, which consists of a stiffness-enhancing hybrid actuator integrating a bistable shell with a soft pneumatic actuator for the main body and two bristle structures for the feet, has lightweight, flexibility, and high stiffness under large deformations. By controlling the stiffness-enhanced hybrid actuator, the robot is capable of achieving crawling and reversing motions like an inchworm. Experimental results show that the tip output force of the inchworm-like deformed trunk was five times larger than a single pneumatic actuator, which means that the inchworm-like robot owns excellent driving performance and flexibility. The collapse of an inchworm-like deformed trunk with 100 g load is less than the collapse of a single pneumatic networks actuator. This also demonstrates that the bistable structure exactly improves the load capacity of the crawling robot. The periodic bending-flattening motion of the actuator is transformed into the unidirectional crawling motion of the robot by installing feet on both sides of the actuator. The crawling robot also can perform well in environments with different angles, heights, and surfaces, which is verified by experiments. The inchworm-like crawling robot provides a method to improve the load capacity while maintaining the flexibility of soft robots and demonstrating huge practicability in field exploration and goods transportation.