bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ligand‐Mediated Interaction of Nanoparticles with Lipid Membranes
Authors: Mathew Sandeep , Laradji Mohamed , Kumar P.B. Sunil 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhile many studies are performed on the effect of ligands on the adhesion and endocytosis of NPs, the effects of ligand length and surface density on the NPs' interaction with lipid membranes are poorly investigated. Here, a computational investigation is presented, based on molecular dynamics of a coarse‐grained implicit‐solvent model, of the interaction between ligand‐decorated spherical NPs and lipid membranes. Specifically,the case is considered where the ligands interact attractively with lipid membranes only through their ends. In particular, the effects of ligand grafting density, ligand length, and strength of ligand‐lipid interaction is investigated on the degree of wrapping of the NP by the membrane and on the morphology of the membrane close to the NP. Whereas the degree of wrapping is found to increase with increasing the grafting density for a given interaction strength and ligand length, it decreases with ligand length for a given grafting density and interaction strength. For moderate values of the adhesion strength and long ligands, it is found that the end ligands form long linear clusters, which lead to an anisotropic conformation of the membrane around the NP. For short ligands, the wrapping of the membrane around the NP is almost complete, with the wrapped NP showing a regular faceted structure for high adhesion strength.
Pyroptosis is involved in maternal nicotine exposure‐induced metabolic associated fatty liver disease progression in offspring mice
Authors: Su Yu‐Qing , Lin Yan , Huang Shu‐Jing , Lin Yan‐Ting , Ran Jing , Yan Fang‐Fang , Liu Xian‐Lan , Hong Long‐Cheng , Huang Mei , Su Huan‐Zhong , Zhang Xiao‐Dong , You Jian‐Hong , Su Yi‐Ming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe have investigated whether inflammasomes and pyroptosis are activated in maternal nicotine exposure (MNE) offspring mice and whether they are involved in MNE‐promoted metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in adult offspring. We injected pregnant mice subcutaneously with saline vehicle or nicotine twice a day on gestational days 11–21. Offspring mice from both groups were fed with a normal diet (ND) or a high‐fat diet (HFD) for 6 months at postnatal day 21 to develop the MAFLD model. Serum biochemical indices were analyzed, and liver histology was performed. The expression levels of inflammasome and pyroptosis proteins were detected by western blot. We found MNE significantly aggravated the injury of MAFLD in adult offspring mice. MNE activated inflammasomes and pyroptosis in both infant and adult offspring mice. HFD treatment activated inflammasomes but not pyroptosis at 3 months, while it showed no effect at 6 months. However, pyroptosis was more severe in MNE‐HFD mice than in MNE‐ND mice at 6 months. Taken together, our data suggest MNE promotes MAFLD progression in adult offspring mice. MNE also induces NLRP3 and NLRP6 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in both infant and adult offspring mice, which may be involved in MNE‐promoted progression of MAFLD.
What Can Industrial Catalytic Olefin Polymerization Plants Tell Us About Reaction Kinetics? From Production Rate and Residence Time to Catalyst Reaction Performance.
Authors: Touloupidis Vasileios , Soares João B. P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe information available in daily plant operation data is not fully exploited by polymer reaction engineers: what do the catalytic olefin polymerization plants tell? In this article, a method is proposed to increase catalyst and process know‐how, based on experimentally acquired production rate results, coming from a continuous tandem reactor polymerization process. The polymer reaction engineering methodology is also discussed in detail for connecting the catalyst reaction performance to the expected activity profile and yield for batch operation, together with the residence time distribution effect for continuous operation. The potential of the proposed methodology is highlighted with a theoretical example and the effectiveness of the method is demonstrated with an applied example, accurately estimating deactivation parameter values for two catalysts based on plant information and, validated based on small‐scale polymerization experiments.
Solving the routing and spectrum assignment problem, driven by combinatorial properties
Authors: da Silva Pedro Henrique Fernandes , Kerivin Hervé , Nant Juan Pablo , Wagler Annegret K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe routing and spectrum assignment problem in modern optical networks is an NP‐hard problem that has received increasing attention during the last years. The majority of existing integer linear programming models for the problem uses edge‐path formulations where variables are associated with all possible routing paths so that the number of variables grows exponentially with the size of the instance. To bypass this difficulty, precomputed subsets of all possible paths per demand are typically used, which cannot guarantee optimality of the solutions in general. Our contribution is to provide a framework for the use of edge‐path formulations to minimize the spectrum width of a solution. For that, we select an appropriate subset of paths to operate on with the help of combinatorial properties in such a way that optimality of the solution can be guaranteed. Computational results indicate that our approach is indeed promising to solve the routing and spectrum assignment problem.
Leading and supporting school counselors through evaluation systems: A national study
Authors: Geesa Rachel Louise , Elam Nicholas P. , Quick Marilynn M. , Odell Kaylee M. , Kim Jungnam 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTheAmerican School Counselor Association(ASCA)School Counselor Professional Standards & Competenciescan provide the foundation for guiding and evaluating school counselors’ practices and programs (ASCA, 2019). When appropriate measures are used to evaluate PK‐12 school counselors, teachers, principals, and student support specialists, practice in schools may improve. The purpose of this study was to analyze the content and tools state‐level departments of education in the United States have developed to evaluate school counselors throughout PK‐12 schools. Data were collected and analyzed based on a rubric of three respected evaluation frameworks. Results of the study revealed that about three‐fourths of 51 state agencies indicated that they have developed a specialized and specific evaluation tool for school counselors, while one‐fourth of state agencies do not have a specific evaluation tool for school counselors. As an implication, some important assessment areas are missing on many of the evaluation tools that do exist. Our findings from the analysis of the school counselor evaluation tools provide insights into how pre‐service and in‐service principals and school counselors, higher education faculty, and policymakers can work together and consider how best to evaluate school counselors based on their specific roles and responsibilities to address students’ social‐emotional; academic; and career, college, and life readiness needs.
Moderating borderline content while respecting fundamental values
Authors: Macdonald Stuart , Vaughan Katy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs efforts to identify and remove online terrorist and violent extremist content have intensified, concern has also grown about so‐called lawful but awful content. Various options have been touted for reducing the visibility of this borderline content, including removing it from search and recommendation algorithms, downranking it and redirecting those who search for it. This article contributes to this discussion by considering the moderation of such content, in terms of three sets of values. First, definitional clarity. This is necessary to provide users with fair warning of what content is liable to moderation and to place limits on the discretion of content moderators. Yet, at present, definitions of borderline content are vague and imprecise. Second, necessity and proportionality. While downranking and removal from search and recommender algorithms should be distinguished from deplatforming, tech companies' efforts to deamplify borderline content give rise to many of the same concerns as content removal and account shutdowns. Third, transparency. While a number of platforms now publish their content moderation policies and transparency data reports, these largely focus on violative, not borderline content. Moreover, there remain questions around access to data for independent researchers and transparency at the level of the individual user.
Cancer‐targeting carbon quantum dots synthesized by plasma electrochemical method for red‐light‐activated photodynamic therapy
Authors: Wang Ruoyu , Shen Jiayan , Ma Yupengxue , Qin Xiaoru , Qin Xing , Yang Feng , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) , Zhang Qing , He Jie , Zhong Xiaoxia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCancer‐targeting carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with red‐light absorption/emission featuring inherent biological functionality and deep biological penetration depth are promising for biomedical applications. However, traditional high‐temperature and high‐pressure synthesis processes result in unpredictable functionalities and uncontrollable optical properties due to the functional group loss. Here, plasma electrochemical treatment is introduced to overcome this issue. The synthesized CQDs in this work have excellent folate receptor cancer‐targeting ability, red‐light absorption/emission, and pronounced photodynamic therapy effect. The CQDs produced by the plasma electrochemical method preserve most of the functional groups from precursors, thus making them to fully inherit the bio‐functionality and photophysical properties of precursors. This work opens new opportunities for plasma‐based processes to controllably synthesize functionalized CQDs for diverse biomedical and environmental applications.
Scaling up microwave excited plasmas—An alternative technology for industrial decarbonization
Authors: Radoiu Marilena , Mello Ariel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe use of electricity for the industry's transition to a decarbonized economy requires optimization of the energy transfer to deliver efficient, cost‐effective processes. Industrial demand for high‐density plasmas over a wide pressure range has stimulated the use of microwave plasma (MWP) applications. In high‐temperature processing, when microwaves of the correct frequency are absorbed by the plasma, the plasma particles absorb energy from the electromagnetic field and transfer it to the other particles through collisions, heating them. This rapid heating gives MWP properties that can be exploited to increase the conversion, selectivity, and/or energy efficiency of chemical processes. Here, we address questions raised by industrial users who wish to better understand the limitations of MWP applications.
The importance of classification schema choice in internal mobility: An examination in contemporary Mexico
Authors: Riosmena Fernando , Balk Deborah 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA large number of Censuses and surveys around the globe only measure ‘migrations’ crossing particular politico‐administrative boundaries, most commonly ‘major’ areas like states. These moves, in turn, are often assumed to be representative of all long‐distance or, in some settings, urban–urban moves. While important because such boundaries signal relevant policy environments, little research has tested these assumptions and, more broadly, the implications of examining mobility using an inter/intrastate classification schema versus other substantively‐relevant approaches. Because these examinations have been particularly absent in developing nations, we compare the dynamics and correlates of mobility across inter/intrastate, distance‐ and rural/urban‐based classification schemata in Mexico, a nation with heterogeneous mobility similar to other large middle‐income countries and overall good data availability. We use 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census long‐form data to examine the changing dynamics of mobility patterns and correlates across the classification schemata. While we find that interstate mobility does cover a large majority of long‐distance and many urban–urban moves, we find that the correlates of interstate movement vary considerably from urban–urban movement in particular. We also find that excluding intrametropolitan from other types of moves may be a sensible strategy to better characterize some processes, an issue of increasing relevance in a more urban world and where city‐regions span across major administrative areas. Given these findings, for a better understanding socioeconomic patterns and trends, we recommend that studies of internal migration avoid intra/interstate schema, consider separating intrametropolitan moves, and combine distance‐based and rural‐urban‐metropolitan approaches.
Bayesian estimation in NONMEM
Authors: Johnston Curtis K. , Waterhouse Timothy , Wiens Matthew , Mondick John , French Jonathan , Gillespie William R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBayesian estimation is a powerful but underutilized tool for answering drug development questions. In this tutorial, the principles of Bayesian model development, assessment, and prior selection will be outlined. An example pharmacokinetic (PK) model will be used to demonstrate the implementation of Bayesian modeling using the nonlinear mixed‐effects modeling software NONMEM.
Multisensor fusion‐based maritime ship object detection method for autonomous surface vehicles
Authors: Zhang Qi , Shan Yunxiao , Zhang Ziquan , Lin Hongquan , Zhang Yunfei , Huang Kai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAutonomous surface vehicles face the challenge of accurately detecting nearby ships in the complex and ever‐changing maritime environment, which is vastly different from land areas. To address this issue, we propose an image‐based multisensor fusion object detection method that combines Light Detection and Rangings and cameras. Since point clouds have poor semantics, our method primarily relies on images, with point clouds used to support image detection. Our image detection scheme employs a tracking‐assisted detection method that leverages historical information to compensate for possible detection failures. Additionally, we designed a confidence‐association‐based fusion strategy to determine the final targets among the candidates. We conducted field experiments in an open‐sea area to demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of our method. The results of these experiments showed that our method is highly accurate and robust in challenging maritime scenarios. Our code and data set will be released on https://github.com/flakeice/mssd.
Small cycle structure for words in conjugation invariant random permutations
Authors: Slim Kammoun Mohamed , Maïda Mylène 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe study the cycle structure of words in several random permutations. We assume that the permutations are independent and that their distribution is conjugation invariant, with a good control on their short cycles. If, after successive cyclic simplifications, the word still contains at least two different letters, then we get a universal limiting joint law for short cycles for the word in these permutations. These results can be seen as an extension of our previous work (Kammoun and Maïda. Electron. Commun. Probab. 2020;25:1‐14.) from the product of permutations to any non‐trivial word in the permutations and also as an extension of the results of Nica (Random Struct. Algorithms1994;5:703‐730.) from uniform permutations to general conjugation invariant random permutations. In particular, we get optimal assumptions in the case of the commutator of two such random permutations.
Ripple effects: How collaboration reduces social movement contention
Authors: Odziemkowska Kate , McDonnell Mary‐Hunter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryResearch suggests firms can reduce stakeholder contention (e.g., lawsuits, protests) by collaborating with threatening stakeholders. We propose that by tapping into stakeholder networks and identities, collaborations also produce ripple effects beyond the firm's partner to attenuate contention from a broader set of stakeholders. Using variation in firms' and stakeholders' willingness to collaborate exogenous to contention to account for selection, our examination of contentious and collaborative interactions between 136 environmental movement organizations and 600 US firms corroborates our arguments. Firms face less contention when they collaborate with a better‐connected stakeholder motivated to share affirming information about the firm, or with a more contentious and authentic stakeholder. Our findings generalize to stakeholder criticism beyond movement organizations, suggesting collaborations are powerful tools for fashioning less contentious environments.Managerial SummaryCompanies can reduce conflict from hostile stakeholders like social activists by collaborating with their friends. We find social movement organizations mount fewer protests, boycotts, lawsuits, and other conflict against a company that collaborates with an organization that is either well connected in the movement or known for mobilizing movement's grassroots. This suggests that cross‐sector collaborations quell conflict through passing affirming information about a company through interorganizational networks or through the broadcast of an affirming signal to the broader stakeholder environment. We find that criticism from a wide range of stakeholders (e.g., media) also abates, suggesting that collaborations are powerful tools for fashioning less contentious environments.
Highly‐Efficient and Robust Zn Anodes Enabled by Sub‐1‐µm Zincophilic CrN Coatings
Authors: Gao Le , Qin Lin , Wang Bo , Bao Mingdong , Cao Yingwen , Duan Xidong , Yang Weiyou , Yang Xiangdong , Shi Qing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFor exploring advanced Zn‐ion batteries (ZIBs) with long lifespan and high Coulombic efficiency (CE), the critically important point is to limit the undesired Zn dendrite and parasitic reactions. Among the coating for electrode is a promising strategy, relying on the trade‐off between its thickness and stability to achieve the ultra‐stable Zn anodes in ZIBs. Herein, a submicron‐thick (≈0.4 µm) zincophilic CrN coatings are fabricated by a facile and industry‐compatible magnetron sputtering approach. It is exhilarating that the ultrathin and dense CrN coatings with strong adsorption ability for Zn2+ exhibit an impressive lifespan up to 3700 h with ≈100% CE at 1 mA cm−2. Along with the experiments and theoretical calculations, it is verified that the introduced CrN coatings cannot only effectively suppress the dendrite growth and notorious parasitic reactions, but also allow the uniform Zn deposition due to the reduced nucleation energy. Moreover, the as‐assembled Zn@CrN‖MnO2 full cell delivers a high specific capacity of 171.1 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 1 A g−1, much better than that of Zn‖MnO2 analog (97.8 mAh g−1). This work provides a facile strategy for scalable fabrication of ultrathin zincophilic coating to push forward the practical applications of ZIBs.
Simultaneous bilateral pulmonary and cardiac invasion of metastatic testicular germ cell tumor: A rare case report
Authors: Riahi Taghi , Pazoki Mahboubeh , Davani Sam Zeraatian‐Nejad , Jahangiri Reza , Khodakarim Nastaran , Jafarzadeh Alireza , Mostafavi Soroush 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA 23‐year‐old man with a history of a testicular germ cell tumor (GCT) that was incompletely treated, is presented with dyspnea. Significant bilateral pulmonary masses were seen on computed tomography (CT). A large, hypermobile mass in the left atrium (LA) as well as mitral valve dysfunction and moderate pulmonary hypertension was detected by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Urgent cardiac surgery was performed to prevent the tumor embolism in addition to restore mitral valve function and reduce pulmonary hypertension. Pathologic reports confirmed testicular GCT. GCT metastasis to the heart and lungs is an incredibly rare phenomenon. To our knowledge, this is the first case of simultaneous GCT metastasis to both lungs and LA. This article highlights the importance of cardiac examinations and imaging in germ cell tumor patients. If there is a functional complication for vital organs such as the heart or lungs, surgical interventions are given priority before starting chemotherapy.
PET pyrolysis: Kinetics of a‐graphite
Authors: Chowdhury Zinnia , Barma Sanjib , Sen Dwaipayan , Sarkar Aparna Ray 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOne of the primary issues nowadays is plastic waste management, where the low recycling rates and accumulation of waste plastic show an exponentially increasing trend with urbanization. Especially, the concern is high with the PET waste generated from food packaging industries. Thus, new technologies are required for waste refining. Pyrolysis is one such technique that will restrict the emission possibilities obvious with the incineration and convert plastic into some value‐added end products. However, large scale implementation of pyrolysis technology for plastic waste management requires a thorough understanding of its degradation kinetics along with pyrolysis index (PI) calculation. Here a thorough analysis of the degradation kinetics of PET waste was done with established models to evaluate the activation energy for the reactions. Among all the conventional models discussed, Coats‐Redfern shows a 0.95–0.98 R2 value during model fitting. The activation energies were varied from 133.6 to 241.8 kJ/mol. PI value was evaluated at different temperatures to assess lower energy utilization during designing and scaling up the process. The value was found to be maximum at 500°C indicating the scalability of the process at this temperature with lower energy utilization. Qualitative predictions on the production of amorphous graphite oxide (a‐graphite) were validated through FTIR, FESEM, Raman, XRD, and UV spectroscopy analyses.
Role of postmortem toxicology in drowning investigations
Authors: Ojanperä Ilkka , Kriikku Pirkko 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDrowning is the third most common cause of unintentional injury death worldwide. In forensic medicine, drowning refers to an event in which the victim dies due to liquid penetrating into the airways or due to submersion in a liquid. Medico‐legal examination of bodies found in water is a challenging task. Establishing proper cause and manner of death requires the joint efforts of the police, medical examiner, and representatives of postmortem toxicology. Information of the circumstances, the victim's individual characteristics and medical background, together with postmortem findings is required. The presence of alcohol and drugs revealed by postmortem toxicology can give insight into the decedent's medical history, drug abuse history, and possible impairment at the time of death. There is ample epidemiological research indicating that alcohol is the most important single contributing factor for fatal drowning, while hypno‐sedative medicines and illicit drugs, especially amphetamines, also appear to pose a risk. Evidence shows that alcohol can be produced postmortem in a submerged body by microbial contamination and fermentation, and this phenomenon is even more significant the higher the water temperature and the longer the submersion time. The reliability of the blood alcohol concentration obtained can be verified in many ways, for example by comparing the ratios of blood, vitreous and urine alcohol concentrations with reference values, or by testing for non‐oxidative ethanol metabolites, the presence of which suggests antemortem alcohol ingestion. Compared to alcohol postmortem changes, very little is known about the long‐term stability of drugs in bodies found in water.This article is categorized under:
Toxicology > Analytical
Toxicology > Post‐Mortem