bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An insight on chronopharmacology and its application in pharmacotherapy
Authors: Sharma Manisha , Kumar Harshit , Nautiyal Anuj , Kumar Bhavna 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Numerous pathophysiological conditions change over the course of a day. The biological rhythms that many physiological processes go through include the sleep-wake rhythm and metabolism. Chronopharmacology is a branch of science that studies the effects of various treatments on internal balance and biological timings. Chronopharmacology can aid with drug dose optimization problems, such as enhancing effectiveness or minimizing side effects. The metabolic fate of a pharmaceutical substance in a human is not stable throughout time. Thus, there is growing interest in chronotherapeutics in the fields of experimental biology, medicine, pharmacy, and medication delivery. Utilizing the timing of medicine consumption, this knowledge and the abundance of data should be used wisely to maximize the drug’s safety and efficacy. The goal of optimizing pharmacotherapy in accordance with the fundamental principles of clinical pharmacology is to maximize methodological individualism, assuring the highest level of efficacy and security for the patient’s treatment. This essay provides a succinct review of chronopharmacology, including its several subfields, the effects it has on the body’s various systems, and a general explanation of chronopharmacotherapeutics.
Pelvic lipomatosis: A rare case
Authors: Agarwal Neeraj , Maiti Krishnendu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Pelvic lipomatosis (PL) is a benign condition characterized by excessive intrapelvic deposition of mature fatty tissue, resulting in compression of pelvic structures and causing a broad range of symptoms. As this condition is rare with limited cases, there are no standardized guidelines for its management. This case of PL was associated with bilateral hydroureteronephrosis and was managed with bilateral percutaneous nephrostomy insertion with long-term follow-up.
Competency-based medical education: An overview
Authors: Bhattacharya Santanu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Competency-based medical education (CBME) has emerged as a transformative approach to medical training, revolutionizing traditional models of education. This comprehensive review article provides an in-depth overview of CBME, encompassing its underlying principles, implementation strategies, and impact on medical education. By synthesizing current research and literature, this article highlights the strengths and challenges of CBME while also identifying potential future directions for advancement. The review emphasizes CBME’s learner-centered approach and focuses on outcomes and performance, integration of clinical practice and theory, and continuous assessment and feedback. It explores various implementation strategies, including competency framework development, curriculum design, program assessment, and technology integration. The impact of CBME on medical education is discussed, emphasizing enhanced learner outcomes, improved patient care, alignment with evolving healthcare needs, flexibility in training, and the development of lifelong learning skills. The strengths of CBME, such as its emphasis on outcomes, tailored learning experiences, and assessment-driven feedback, are examined, along with the challenges of faculty development, resource allocation, standardization, and resistance to change. Furthermore, the review suggests future directions for CBME, including continued research, technology integration, interprofessional education, global adoption, and longitudinal assessment. In conclusion, this comprehensive review underscores the transformative potential of CBME in medical education, calling for further exploration, research, and collaborative efforts to shape its future.
Evaluation of Bone Regeneration in Extracted Tooth Sockets using Simvastatin – A Split-mouth Study
Authors: Deshpande Abhishek , Shettar Vijaylaxmi , Kotrashetti S. M. , Tiwary Divyank 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Tooth extraction is followed by alveolar bone resorption, making rehabilitation difficult. Various materials such as autografts and xenografts have been used, but they have their own limitations. Studies have showed that “Statins” like simvastatin used for lowering cholesterol levels also increase the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 which has an important role in osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. This facilitates the further rehabilitation of the patient after tooth extraction. The study was conducted to evaluate bone regeneration in extracted tooth socket using simvastatin.

Materials and Methods:
A randomized control trial split-mouth study was done in patients of 18–65 years’ age group. A total of 31 patients requiring bilateral extractions were selected without any gender bias. Simvastatin with gelatin sponge was placed in extracted socket on study side and normal extraction done was done on the control side. The patients were followed up for a period of 6 months. The clinical parameters of pain and swelling were assessed on the 1st and 3rd day. The radiographic parameter was assessed on the 1st postextraction day, 1st month, 3rd month, and 6th month subsequently. The data were subjected to the statistical analysis.

Results:
Pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale; swelling was assessed using the paired sample t-test. Initially, pain and swelling more on the study side as compared to control side which subsided later. The bone density was evaluated on the 1st day, 1st month, 3rd month, and 6th month postoperatively using the independent sample t-test. They showed early bone formation on the study side as compared to the control side, which was statistically significant between the study and control groups.

Conclusions:
Simvastatin can be used in extracted sockets as it causes early bone formation.
Mental Foramen Location in an Indian Subpopulation: A Retrospective Orthopantomogram Study
Authors: Bhargava Vaibhavi , Hasan Abeer , Sachdeva Akshat , Bhateja Sumit , Arora Geetika 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Mental foramen (MF) transmits main neurovascular structures – the terminal branches of inferior alveolar nerves and vessels. It is a critical anatomical landmark and its position can have an impact while performing surgeries, administering local anesthesia, and during other invasive procedures.

Aim:
The present study aims to determine the prevalence of MF location in an Indian subpopulation using a panoramic radiograph/orthopantomogram.

Materials and Methods:
Panoramic radiographs of patients who reported to the outpatient department of a private dental college in Faridabad, Haryana, were obtained. A total of 500 digital panoramic radiographs of dentate patients which fulfilled the inclusion criteria were evaluated. The position of MF in relation to premolar crowns and apices based on a scoring system was assessed. Collected data were subjected to statistical analysis and P = 0.05 was considered a set point.

Results:
The most common position of MF coincided with the region distal to first premolar cusp tip or mesial to second premolar cusp tip or apex (Score 3) in males as well as in females. The second-most common location for MF is directly inferior to second premolar cusp tip or apex (Score 4) and MF was seen rarest in the region anterior to first premolar cusp tip or apex (Score 1).

Conclusion:
The most common position of MF was found distal to first premolar cusp tip or mesial to second premolar cusp tip or apex.
Effectiveness of Health Belief Model and the Theory of Reasoned Action and Planned Behavior for Tobacco Cessation among Smokers in Chengalpattu Population: An Interventional Study
Authors: Rishikaa A. K. , Sadhana S. , Karthikayan Ravi , Prasad S. Vishnu , Indrapriyadharshini K. , Mahesh J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Tobacco use is associated with accelerated morbidity and mortality among a wide range of populations. To find better intervention practices for tobacco users, this study was contemplated to find the effectiveness of the health belief model (HBM) and the theory of reasoned action and planned behavior (TRA-PB) in the cessation and alteration of behavior change in tobacco consumers at an individual level who are residing in the district of Chengalpattu, India.

Methodology:
An interventional study was conducted among 40 participants based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. These 40 participants were sorted into two groups, namely, Group A (20 members) and Group B (20 members), by simple randomization. Before the intervention, baseline scores of nicotine dependence and stages of change were assessed by the Fagerstrom Scale for Nicotine Dependence and stages of change model by questionnaires. Group A was intervened with the HBM model and Group B with the TRA-PB model. After 45 days, the post assessment of patients was done using the same methods. Data analysis and pre and post comparison between groups were assessed using paired and unpaired t tests.

Results:
Results showed that health education based on the HBM was effective in enhancing the knowledge and attitude of all the subjects, regardless of their sociodemographic characteristics.

Conclusion:
HBM and TRA-PB-based trainings were found to have positive effects on progression between the stages and smoking cessation. A model-based health education approach directed at a specific group may modify that population’s attitudes toward tobacco use.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program on School Children Regarding Oral Hygiene: A Pre- and Posttest Implementation Observational Study
Authors: Jhajra Sandeep , Tanti Sanjay Kumar , Diwakar Kumar , Deepshikha  , Sauparna Chhavi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Impact of planned health teaching program on knowledge and practices of school children regarding oral care was planned to be studied.

Materials and Methods:
The current study was planned with an aim to assess the preexisting knowledge regarding oral hygiene and to evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching program related to oral hygiene. A preexperimental research approach, one group pretest–posttest design was adopted for the study. Forty-four school children of 3rd–5th class in a private school were included in this study. Data were collected through structured interview questionnaire to assess the knowledge of 3rd–5th class children.

Results:
The mean posttest knowledge score (11.4) was higher than the mean pretest knowledge scores (8.6) with t value (t = 5.7, P < 0.05). Significant difference in the pretest and posttest was found. The posttest knowledge score is higher than pretest knowledge score with a mean difference of 2.8.

Conclusion:
There is a significant impact of planned health education using PowerPoint presentations, placards, posters, and live demonstrations on oral hygiene.
Intelligent System of Estimation of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and Investment Efficiency in the Economy with External Technology Gaps
Authors: Lopatin Alexey 
Published: December 2023

This paper is the first to propose an aggregate S-trend factor production function to estimate total factor productivity (TFP) and investment efficiency in an economy. This function implements Charles R. Hulten’s organizing principle: to what extent the growth of the economy is due to an increase in “productivity” (progress in technology and organization of production) and to what extent to “capital formation” (increased investment in human capital, knowledge, and fixed capital). Estimation of future members of the series is usually done by a forecast model. It is a model that approximates a trend. The Verhulst's S-curve y'(t) = u + A(1+B*exp(-a(t-m)))-1 is used as the approximation function. Here, A, B, and a are the parameters that change the shape of the S-curve, and u and m are the parameters that change the position of the S-curve in the first quarter, t ≥0. By aggregate S-trend production function, we mean a two-factor production function of the form Z(t) = P(t)y'(t) = P(t)*S(x(t), A, B, a, m, u). Here, the function S(x(t), A, B, a, m, u) is a S- curve trend with the factor x(t) ≡ t. It represents the GDP growth rate over a time interval equal to the product of the S-curve elasticity over the growth rate of n(t) over that interval and takes into account all factors affecting S-curve elasticity, including, for example, labor and capital. The value of the elasticity affects the value of TFP (P(t)), but not vice versa. In this sense, the trend forecasting model S(t) is certainly broader than the concept of “capital formation”. The error of approximation is quantitatively measured by the MAPE criterion.

Received: 12 October 2023 | Revised: 11 December 2023 | Accepted: 18 December 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Author Contribution Statement
Alexey Lopatin: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration.
Proposições acerca das práticas corporais de aventura como conteúdo da Educação Física escolar
Authors: Paixão Jairo Antônio , Miranda Coutinho Rafael 
Published: December 2023

Esse estudo teve como objetivo analisar as proposições acerca da implementação das práticas corporais de aventura (PCAs) como conteúdo da Educação Física escolar. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão sistemática que utilizou como critérios de inclusão artigos originais, publicados no período de 2017 a 2023, nas bases de dados do Portal de Periódicos CAPES. Os estudos analisados mostraram que um número ínfimo de cursos de Educação Física ofertados pelas instituições de cursos superiores no país não possui em suas matrizes curriculares disciplinas relacionadas com as PCAs. Ainda que haja o interesse por uma parcela de professores em trabalhar com as PCAs, os resultados indicaram a falta de incentivos por parte da direção das escolas onde atuam. Soma-se a isso, a ausência de espaços adequados, materiais e equipamentos necessários para a prática das PCAs, que concorrem no sentido de dificultar a implementação desse conteúdo nas aulas de Educação Física.
PERAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN DALAM KELUARGA TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER REMAJA DI ERA 4.0
Authors: Stevanus Kalis , Macarau Vivilia Vivone Vriska 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Adolescence is a period of life transition from childhood to adulthood where many changes and developments occur in adolescents themselves. Adolescence is also a period that is very vulnerable to wrong behavior due to negative influences from outside the family. The problems that are happening to adolescents in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 such as promiscuity, free sex, addiction to technology, use of illegal drugs, and so on can erode the character of Christian youth. This discussion uses a qualitative descriptive method aimed at describing the role of Christian Religious Education in the family to shape the character of Christian adolescents in the face of the 4.0 era so that they do not experience deterioration of character and without losing their identity as believers in Christ. The results obtained show that the role of Christian Religious Education in the family is very important as an effort to shape the character of adolescents facing the 4.0 revolution era, namely the family acts as an educator, the family as a counselor, the family as a center of worship and the family as a counselor.
Uncertainty assessment of satellite remote-sensing-based evapotranspiration estimates: a systematic review of methods and gaps
Authors: Tran Bich Ngoc , van der Kwast Johannes , Seyoum Solomon , Uijlenhoet Remko , Jewitt Graham , Mul Marloes 
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Satellite remote sensing (RS) data are increasingly being used to estimate total evaporation, often referred to as evapotranspiration (ET), over large regions. Since RS-based ET (RS-ET) estimation inherits uncertainties from several sources, many available studies have assessed these uncertainties using different methods. However, the suitability of methods and reference data subsequently affects the validity of these evaluations. This study summarizes the status of the various methods applied for uncertainty assessment of RS-ET estimates, discusses the advances and caveats of these methods, identifies assessment gaps, and provides recommendations for future studies. We systematically reviewed 676 research papers published from 2011 to 2021 that assessed the uncertainty or accuracy of RS-ET estimates. We categorized and classified them based on (i) the methods used to assess uncertainties, (ii) the context where uncertainties were evaluated, and (iii) the metrics used to report uncertainties. Our quantitative synthesis shows that the uncertainty assessments of RS-ET estimates are not consistent and comparable in terms of methodology, reference data, geographical distribution, and uncertainty presentation. Most studies used validation methods using eddy-covariance (EC)-based ET estimates as a reference. However, in many regions such as Africa and the Middle East, other references are often used due to the lack of EC stations. The accuracy and uncertainty of RS-ET estimates are most often described by root-mean-squared errors (RMSEs). When validating against EC-based estimates, the RMSE of daily RS-ET varies greatly among different locations and levels of temporal support, ranging from 0.01 to 6.65 mm d−1, with a mean of 1.18 mm d−1. We conclude that future studies need to report the context of validation, the uncertainty of the reference datasets, the mismatch in the temporal and spatial scales of reference datasets to those of the RS-ET estimates, and multiple performance metrics with their variation in different conditions and their statistical significance to provide a comprehensive interpretation to assist potential users. We provide specific recommendations in this regard. Furthermore, extending the application of RS-ET to regions that lack validation will require obtaining additional ground-based data and combining different methods for uncertainty assessment.
The most extreme rainfall erosivity event ever recorded in China up to 2022: the 7.20 storm in Henan Province
Authors: Xiao Yuanyuan , Yin Shuiqing , Yu Bofu , Fan Conghui , Wang Wenting , Xie Yun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Severe water erosion occurs during extreme storm events. Such an exceedingly severe storm occurred in Zhengzhou in central China on 20 July 2021 (the 7.20 storm). The magnitude and frequency of occurrence of this storm event were examined in terms of how erosive it was. To contextualize this extreme event, hourly rainfall data from 2420 automatic meteorological stations in China from 1951 to 2021 were analyzed to (1) characterize the spatial and temporal distribution of the rainfall amount and rainfall erosivity of the 7.20 storm, (2) evaluate the average recurrence interval of the maximum daily and event rainfall erosivity, and (3) establish the geographical distribution of the maximum daily and event rainfall erosivity in China. The center of the 7.20 storm moved from southeast to northwest in Henan Province, and the most intense period of rainfall occurred in the middle and late stages of the storm. Zhengzhou Meteorological Station happened to be aligned with the center of the storm, with a maximum daily rainfall of 552.5 mm and a maximum hourly rainfall intensity of 201.9 mm h−1. The average recurrence intervals of the maximum daily rainfall erosivity (43 354±1863 MJ mm ha−1 h−1) and the maximum event rainfall erosivity (58 874±2351 MJ mm ha−1 h−1) were estimated to be about 19 200 and 53 700 years, respectively, assuming the log-Pearson type-III distribution, and these were the maximum rainfall erosivities ever recorded among 2420 meteorological stations in mainland China up to 2022. The 7.20 storm suggests that the most erosive of storms does not necessarily occur in the wettest places in southern China, and these can occur in mid-latitude around 35∘ N with a moderate mean annual rainfall of 566.7 mm in Zhengzhou.
Monitoring of the epizootic situation of tick infestation in the territory of Stavropol
Authors: Proskurin D. A. , Dilekova O. V. 
Published: December 2023

This problem is also relevant for urbanized cases, especially for the southern regions of the country, where there are cases of spread of ticks. Research on the basis of the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, Anatomy and Pathology named after prof. S. N. Nikolsky and the Scientific, Diagnostic and Treatment Veterinary Center of the FGBOU HE "Stavropol State Agrarian University", as well as on the basis of the veterinary clinic IP Zaichenko "Veterinary Center named after. Pirogov. The object of the study was ixodid ticks of the genera Dermacentor and Ixodes, seized using a specialized trap, as well as seized with dogs in veterinary clinics during the acceptance. The study showed that two main types of ixodid ticks are widespread in the city of Stavropol: Demacentor and Ixodes. According to the results of research in 2022, female ticks of the genus Dermacentor identified 54% of the total number of adults, males - 46%. Female ticks of the genus Ixodes accounted for 61% of the total number of adults, males - 39%. The spring peak of activity in 2023 showed that female ticks of the genus Dermacentor were identified in the amount of 102 individuals, males - 78 individuals. Female ticks of the genus Ixodes accounted for 53% of the total number of adults, males - 47%. Thus, it has been established that the most widespread distribution of ixodid ticks takes place in the Industrial District of Stavropol, the distribution of alleys, forest zones and walking areas with the coverage of the species of ticks of the genus Dermacentor, is 79% of the total number of captured ectoparasites.
Formation of specific immunity in piglets during vaccination against circovirus infection
Authors: Shakhov A. G. , Sashnina L. Yu. , Vladimirova Yu. Yu. , Akulova K. O. , Nikonenko G. V. 
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of studying the formation of specific immunity in piglets during vaccination against circovirus infection. Circovirus diseases of pigs, manifested by the defeat of many body systems, are widespread and cause great economic damage in industrial pig farms. The study of the formation of specific immunity during vaccination of piglets against circovirus infection is of scientific and practical interest. The purpose of the research is to study the formation of specific immunity in piglets during vaccination against circovirus infection. It was found that vaccination is accompanied by activation of the innate immunity system, which initiated the launch and formation of an antigen-specific adaptive immune response. In animals 6 days after the introduction of the vaccine, compared with intact piglets, an increase in the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1ß, TNF-α, IFN-α and IFN-γ and the anti-inflammatory mediator IL-4 was found, indicating a cellular and humoral immune response. An increase in the indices of inflammatory activity of mediators and the ratio of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines indicates an increase in the activity of T-helper I and the prevalence of cellular immune response. Under the influence of technological stress caused by weaning from sows and transfer to rearing, animals 14 days after vaccination showed a decrease in the level of IL-2, IFN-α and IFN-γ, inducing cellular immunity, as well as cytokine index, the ratio of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, which indicates a shift in the direction of the immune response in the side of activation of the functioning of T-helper II, indicating the predominant formation of humoral immunity.