bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of post‐keratoplasty astigmatism by topography supported customized laser ablation
Authors: Hjortdal Jesper Ø. , Ehlers Niels 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT. Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and optical efficiency of topography modulated customized corneal ablations for irregular corneal astigmatism.Material & methods: Sixteen eyes of 16 patients with iatrogenic corneal astigmatism (post keratoplasty) were consecutively included. Based on preoperative corneal topographic measurements height deviations from a spherical corneal shape were calculated and transferred to a flying‐spot excimer laser. Photo‐refractive keratectomy of the topographic irregularities was then performed. Clinical and optical efficiency was evaluated by best corrected visual acuity and by computation of corneal wavefront aberrations before and up to one year after treatment. Wavefront aberrations were decomposed by Zernike polynomial analysis.Results: Before treatment the average best‐corrected visual acuity was 0.23. Three and 12 months after PRK the average best‐corrected visual acuity had increased to 0.37 (p<0.05) and 0.45 (p<0.05), respectively. Corneal wavefront aberrations (root‐mean‐square) were 3.35 before surgery and 1.88 (p<0.05) and 1.51 (p<0.05) at three and 12 months after treatment. Zernike polynomial decomposition of the wavefront aberrations revealed that regular corneal astigmatism was the most important aberration component before and after surgery. Regular astigmatism was significantly decreased by the procedure, whereas coma, spherical aberrations, and higher‐order aberrations were not reduced significantly.Conclusion: Topography modulated photorefractive keratectomy of highly astigmatic corneal grafts can improve best corrected visual acuity and reduce corneal wavefront aberrations. Even in apparently irregular topographic astigmatism, regular astigmatic wavefront aberration may be the most important contributor to wavefront errors.
A previous abrasion in the contralateral eye influences the cell kinetics during healing of a central corneal abrasion
Authors: Estil Svein , Haaskjold Erling , Bjerknes Rolf , Refsum Sigvald B. 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT. Purpose: To study the influence of a previous erosion in the fellow eye on the proliferative response during healing of a central corneal erosion.Methods: A corneal abrasion was made on the right eye of 20 rats. After 1 week a corneal erosion was made in the left eye of the pre‐treated animals and in 20 previously untreated animals. Cell kinetic methods were used to estimate the labelling index (LI) and the mitotic rate (MR) after 1, 2, 4, 6 and 12 days.Results: After 24 hours the corneal erosions were covered by epithelial cells in 3 of 4 animals in both groups. The LI and the MR were significantly higher in the pre‐treated group on the 2nd day after erosion.Conclusions: The proliferation measured by LI and MR was increased when an abrasion was made in the contralateral eye 1 week earlier. This might explain the faster healing rate of the second eye reported by other authors (Rask et al. 1996). The healing process in the cornea is modulated by systemic influence.
Polarimetric nerve fiber analysis in patients with peripapillary myelinated retinal nerve fibers
Authors: Tatlıpınar Sinan , Gedik Şansal , Mocan M. Cem , Orhan Mehmet , İrkeç Murat 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the RNFL thickness in eyes with myelinated retinal nerve fibers (MRNF) and age, sex‐matched controls using scanning laser polarimetry.Methods: Seventeen patients with MRNF underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination including automated visual field testing, and scanning laser polarimetry with Nerve Fiber Analyser (NFA II). Twenty eyes with MRNF from 17 patients were available for the study. Sixteen healthy, age and sex‐matched subjects were taken as controls. Retinal nerve fiber thickness measurements of the four sectors (superior, inferior, nasal, temporal) and along the whole circumference of the optic disc were obtained for affected and control eyes, and compared.Results: Inferior average and inferior integral parameters of the NFA revealed significantly thinner RNFL thickness measurements in eyes with inferiorly located MRNF compared to controls.Conclusion: Retinal myelination alters the birefringent property of the RNFL, and results in diminished thickness measurements. Hence, NFA measurements in patients with MRNF may not be reliable.
Long‐term follow‐up of idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy without laser
Authors: Bujarborua D. 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to observe the varied types of manifestations in the fundus of patients with idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy (ICSC) without laser treatment and also to assess the ultimate visual outcome in such cases in a long‐term follow‐up ranging from 7 to 23 years.Methods: This study is confined to 5 selected cases of ICSC which fairly represent the different types of late stage manifestations of the disease in the fundus. Case records from our hospital, as well as available records of previous treatment elsewhere were reviewed. A complete ophthalmological examination, routine laboratory investigations and fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) were repeated in each case on the day of final evaluation.Results: Pigmentary disturbances in the macular area resembling to some extent age‐related macular degeneration (AMD), extensive retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) atrophy and macular haemorrhage have been observed in the fundus of the reviewed cases.Conclusions: ICSC runs an unpredictable course and there are no definitive clinical clues to predict its ultimate outcome. Recurrence of the condition is a possibility for a considerable period of time.
Healing of recurrent herpes simplex corneal epithelial lesions treated with topical acyclovir
Authors: Tabery Helena M. 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT. Purpose: To examine morphological changes occurring in recurrent herpes simplex virus (HSV) epithelial keratitis after the application of topical acyclovir ointment 3%.Material and methods: 7 patients examined with the slit lamp and photographed by non‐contact in vivo photomicrography.Results: Within one day of treatment the lesions lost their typical herpetic features, and after about 2–3 days the morphology seemed to reflect only the sequelae: unhealthy epithelium and abnormal cells located at the level of the basement membrane. Two patients showed epitheliopathy compatible with the side‐effects of the treatment.Conclusions: The rapid loss of typical HSV features after drug application reflects a successful arrest of the virus replication, freeing the epithelial healing forces. At what point of time infectious virus is eradicated and the treatment can be safely stopped cannot be determined clinically. Healing in the sense of restitution ad integrum is a slow process showing individual variations. Abnormal intra‐/subepithelial cells are last to disappear.
Additive IOP‐reducing effect of latanoprost in patients insufficiently controlled on timolol
Authors: Bron Alain M. , Denis Philippe , Nordmann Jean‐Philippe , Rouland Jean‐François , Sellem Eric , Johansson Marianne 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT. Purpose: To evaluate the effect on intraocular pressure (IOP) of switching from timolol to latanoprost or adding latanoprost to timolol in patients with open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension where IOP is not adequately controlled with timolol.Methods: This was a 6‐week, double‐masked, randomised multi‐centre study. 53 patients with primary open angle glaucoma, capsular glaucoma, or ocular hypertension with an IOP of at least 21 mmHg on current therapy were recruited. After a run‐in period of at least 2 weeks on timolol, 5 mg/ml twice daily, patients were randomised to one of three groups. One group continued on timolol, one switched from timolol to latanoprost, 50 μg/ml once daily, and a third group received latanoprost in addition to timolol. The efficacy was evaluated by comparing IOP at 9 AM at baseline and after 6 weeks of treatment.Results: IOP at baseline and after 6 weeks of treatment (mean±SEM) were 24.2±0.9 and 23.8±1.0 mmHg (n=16) for patients continuing on timolol, 26.3±1.2 and 19.6±1.1 mmHg (n=17) for patients switching to latanoprost, and 23.2±1.0 and 17.5±0.8 mmHg (n=17) for patients with combined treatment. Adding latanoprost to timolol reduced IOP with 5.9±0.9 mmHg (p<0.001) and switching from timolol to latanoprost reduced IOP with 5.0±0.9 mmHg (p<0.001), which caused in each group a significant IOP reduction of about 25%.Conclusions: The effect of latanoprost was additive to that of timolol, and a good effect on IOP reduction was also achieved by switching from timolol to latanoprost, suggesting that a switch in many patients is an effective alternative to combination treatment.
Ocuton‐S self tonometry vs. Goldmann tonometry; a diurnal comparison study
Authors: Kóthy Péter , Vargha Péter , Holló Gábor 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT. Purpose: To compare 24‐hour diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements obtained using the Ocuton‐S applanation self tonometer and the Goldmann tonometer.Methods: 24‐hour diurnal IOP curves were obtained on 14 eyes of 7 trained patients suffering from medically controlled primary open angle glaucoma. IOP was measured every third hour starting at 9 a.m. with a calibrated Goldmann tonometer; one week later, a similar set of measurements was obtained with Ocuton‐S self tonometry by the patients. One week later still, ultrasound corneal pachymetry was performed at the same hours.Results: Overall IOP (24‐hour mean) did not differ significantly between the different measuring techniques (ANOVA, p=0.74), but the IOP differed in a statistically significant manner around the clock (ANOVA, p=0.00006). The mean Goldmann tonometric readings were up to 2.8 mmHg lower than the Ocuton‐S values during the daytime (9 a.m. to 9 p.m.), however, during the night (12 midnight to 6 a.m.) mean IOP measured with Goldmann tonometry was 2.2 to 3.3 mmHg higher than the corresponding average of the self tonometry readings. There was a statistically significant interaction between the type of tonometry and the time of the measurement (p=0.0007). Central corneal thickness (CCT) showed a significant change during the 24‐hour period (p=0.000001).Conclusion: IOP shows a different diurnal curve when measured with the Goldmann tonometer and with the Ocuton‐S applanation self tonometer. The instruments’ readings might be influenced in different ways by the diurnal changes of the corneal thickness. Since Ocuton‐S self tonometry underestimates the IOP in the early morning period, a careful evaluation is necessary when nocturnal and early morning IOP elevation is investigated with this technique.
Scedosporium apiospermum chorioretinitis
Authors: Kıratlı Hayyam , Uzun Ömrüm , Kiraz Nuri , Eldem Bora 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: A case of a 24‐year‐old immunocompetent woman who developed unilateral Scedosporium apiospermum chorioretinitis and diffuse cervical lymphadenitis 10 years after facial steroid injection is described.Methods: The patient was initially treated for the misdiagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis. Contemporaneous to the enlargement of her lymph nodes, she experienced gradual loss of vision in her left eye. She subsequently underwent lymph node biopsy.Results: Histopathologic sections stained with Grocott’s methenamine silver showed branched septate hyphae and cultures on Sabouraud’s agar yielded Scedosporium apiospermum. The patient received oral itraconazole 200 mg twice daily. Lymphadenitis regressed within a year and chorioretinitis scarred within two years.Conclusion:
Scedosporium apiospermum
may cause isolated chorioretinitis in an immunocompetent individual years after local surgery or trauma and result in significant visual morbidity. Treatment may require prolonged use of systemic itraconazole.
Biometric measurements of the eyes in teenagers and young adults with Down syndrome
Authors: Haugen Olav H. , Høvding Gunnar , Eide Geir Egil 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: To examine ocular biometric variables in subjects with Down syndrome.Methods: In a population‐based study we have compared ocular biometric variables in a group of 47 individuals with Down syndrome (20.0±3.9 years) with 51 control subjects (21.0±4.6 years).Results: A thinner cornea (0.48±0.04 mm vs. 0.55±0.03 mm, p<0.001) and higher keratometry values (46.39±1.95 D vs. 43.41±1.40 D, p<0.001) were found in the Down syndrome group than in the control group. Oblique astigmatism was commonly found in the Down syndrome individuals, showing a strong right‐left specificity (right eyes’ axes in the 135°‐meridian, left eyes’ axes in the 45°‐meridian). The lens was thinner (3.27±0.29 mm vs. 3.49±0.20 mm) and the calculated lens power was weaker (17.70±2.36 D vs. 19.48±1.24 D) in the Down syndrome group than in the control group (p<0.001 in both cases).Conclusions: Thinning of the corneal stroma may account for the steeper cornea and the high frequency of astigmatism in Down syndrome due to lower corneal rigidity. It may also be of etiological importance to the increased incidence of keratoconus in Down syndrome.
Results with a modified method for scleral suturing of intraocular lenses
Authors: Behndig Anders 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose / methods: The long‐term results obtained by a modified method of scleral suturing of posterior chamber lenses (PCLs) (Behndig & Otto 1997) were retrospectively registered and evaluated. Forty‐four patients with insufficient capsular support for ordinary PCL implantation were included. Mean follow‐up time was 13.1 ± 6.4 months and registered parameters included visual acuity, deviation from planned refractive outcome, induced astigmatism, and complications.
Results / conclusions:
The results were comparable to those reported earlier for this type of surgery. It has previously been stated that scleral suturing of posterior chamber lenses is a safe procedure with good long‐term results. This modified method produces comparable results while being more surgically simple and reproducible.
Ocular ochronosis: A case report and clinical findings
Authors: Söker Çakmak Sevin , Çevik Remzi , Aksünger Ahmet , Ünlü Kaan , Ava Sedat 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose:  To report a rare case of bilateral asymmetrical melanin‐like pigments found in the cornea, conjunctiva and sclera.Methods:  Systemic investigation with clinical and laboratory analysis.Results:  The case was diagnosed as one of alkaptonuria and ocular ochronosis.
Photoreceptor survival in transplantation of autologous iris pigment epithelial cells to the subretinal space
Authors: Crafoord Sven , Geng Lijun , Seregard Stefan , Algvere Peep V. 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose:  To investigate photoreceptor survival in transplantation of non‐cultured iris pigment epithelial (IPE) cells to the subretinal space in a prospective experimental study.Methods:  Upper iridectomies were carried out in the right eyes of 37 pigmented rabbits. Suspensions of freshly harvested autologous IPE cells (without culturing) were prepared and injected into the subretinal space of the same eye. Follow‐up examinations were carried out using ophthalmoscopy and colour fundus photography. The rabbits were killed at 1, 2, 3 and 6 months, respectively, and the eyes examined with light and electron microscopy.Results:  On histological examination, the photoreceptor cells were found to be well‐preserved in grafted areas at 1–3 months. At 6 months, the photoreceptors generally disclosed a normal nuclear layer and long outer segments when overlying areas with single cells or clusters of transplanted IPE cells. Multilayers of cells in abundance, including native RPE cells and macrophages (stained with RAM 11), particularly under microfolds of the neural retina, were occasionally associated with photoreceptor damage and nuclear drop out from the outer retinal layer. There was no inflammatory response in the choroid and the choriocapillaris remained patent.Conclusion:  The experiments show that grafting freshly harvested autologous IPE cells to the subretinal space is feasible and that the photoreceptors generally survive for at least 6 months when overlying the transplanted areas. Multilayers of abundant cells in the subretinal space may induce adverse focal effects on adjacent photoreceptors.
The effect of scaling and root planing on the clinical and microbiological parameters of periodontal diseases: 12‐month results
Authors: Cugini M. A. , Haffajee A. D. , Smith C. , Kent R. L. , Socransky S. S. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground/aims:Previously, we reported that SRP resulted in a decrease inmean pocket depth and attachment level and reduced prevalence and levels of Bacteroides forsythus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Treponema denticola at 3 and 6 months post‐SRP in 57 subjects with adult periodontitis. 32 of the 57 subjects were monitored at 9 and 12 months. Thus, the purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the microbial and clinical effects of SRP in 32 (mean age 48±11) subjects over a 12‐month period.Method: Clinical assessments of plaque, gingival redness, suppuration, bleeding on probing, pocket depth and attachment level were made prior to SRP and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post‐therapy. Subgingival plaque samples were taken at each visit and analyzed using the checkerboard DNA‐DNA hybridization technique for the presence and levels of 40 subgingival species. Each subject also received maintenance scaling at each of the subsequent monitoring visits. Differences in clinical parameters and prevalence and levels of bacterial species were analyzed pre‐ and post‐therapy using the Wilcoxon signed ranks test. The Quade test for related samples was used for analysis of multiple visits.Results: Mean pocket depth (mm±SEM) decreased from 3.2±0.3 at baseline to 2.9±0.3 at 12 months (p<0.01). Mean attachment level showed significant reduction at 6 months, but did not diminish further. Bleeding on probing and plaque were significantly reduced at 12 months (p<0.001, p<0.05, respectively). P. gingivalis, B. forsythus and T. denticola decreased in prevalence and levels up to the 6‐month visit and remained at these lower levels at 9 and 12 months. Significant increases in levels and prevalence were noted at 12 months for Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies 2, Actinomyces odontolyticus, Fusobacterium nucleatum ss polymorphum, Streptococcus mitis, Capnocytophaga sp, and Veillonella parvula.Conclusions: The data suggest that the maintenance phase of therapy may be essential in consolidating clinical and microbiological improvements achievedas a result of initial therapy.
A controlled study of relative periodontal attachment loss in people with HIV infection
Authors: Robinson P. G. , Boulter A. , Birnbaum W. , Johnson N. W. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractObjective: To compare the progression of periodontal destruction in people with and without HIV.Method: Relative attachment loss on 6 index teeth was compared between 19 people with HIV and 17 people without HIV infection over 12 and 18 month follow ups.Results: The proportions of sites with 1, 2 or 3 mm of relative attachment loss were similar in the study and control groups. Mean maximum relative attachment loss was similar in both groups after 12 months but greater in the study group after 18 months.Conclusions: The data are not compelling evidence of greater periodontal destruction associated with HIV infection. Large scale cohort studies or meta‐analyses would be more conclusive.
A controlled re‐entry study on the effectiveness of bovine porous bone mineral used in combination with a collagen membrane of porcine origin in the treatment of intrabony defects in humans
Authors: Camargo Paulo M. , Lekovic Vojislav , Weinlaender Michael , Nedic Melica , Vasilic Nikola , Wolinsky Lawrence E. , Kenney E. Barrie 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of a bovine porous bone mineral used in combination with a porcine derived collagen membrane as a barrier in promoting periodontal regeneration in intrabony defects in humans.Material and Methods: The study employed a split‐mouth design. 22 paired intrabony defects were treated and surgically re‐entered 6 months after treatment. Experimental sites were grafted with bovine porous bone mineral and received a collagen membrane for guided tissue regeneration. Control sites were treated with an open flap debridement.Results: Preoperative pocket depths, attachment levels and trans‐operative bone measurements were similar for control and experimental sites. Post surgical measurements revealed a significantly greater reduction in pocket depth (differences of 1.89±0.31 mm on buccal 0.88±0.27 mm on lingual measurements) and more gain in clinical attachment (differences of 1.51±0.33 mm on buccal and 1.50±0.35 mm on lingual measurements) in experimental sites. Surgical reentry of the treated defects revealed a significantly greater amount of defect fill in favor of experimental sites (differences of 2.67±0.91 mm on buccal and 2.54±0.87 mm on lingual measurements).Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that clinical resolution of intrabony defects can be achieved using a combination of bovine porous bone mineral and an absorbable, porcine derived collagen membrane when employing a technique based on the principles of guided tissue regeneration. The nature of the attachment between the newly regenerated tissue and the root surfaces needs to be evaluated histologically to confirm the presence of new attachment.
Persistent bacterial colonization of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in periodontitis and its association with alveolar bone loss after 6 months of therapy
Authors: Chaves Eros S. , Jeffcoat Marjorie K. , Ryerson Carol C. , Snyder Brian 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground, aims: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence of bacterial antigens for Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients after periodontal treatment was associated with progressive alveolar bone loss.Method: 39 (39) subjects in good general health previously diagnosed with adult periodontitis within the last 2 years, and still presenting with probing depth >5 mm in 2 to 6 teeth, were studied. All subjects were treated with scaling and root planing. Half of the subjects were randomly assigned to receive adjunctive systemic doxycycline (200 mg the 1st day, then 100 mg per day for 21 days). Subgingival plaque samples were taken at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months after therapy. A modified ELISA test (EvalusiteTM, Periodontal Test Kit, Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, NY) was used to test for plaque antigens associated with P. gingivalis, P. intermedia and A. actinomycetemcomitans. Progressive alveolar bone loss was determined using digital subtraction radiography with standardized radiographs taken at baseline and 6 months after treatment.Results: The presence of P. gingivalis in plaque after treatment was significantly associated with progressive bone loss (positive predictive value 84%, negative predictive value 85%, odds ratio 31.9, p<0.0001). In contrast, the presence of P. intermedia in plaque after treatment was not indicative of progressive loss (positive predictive value 39%, negative predictive value 82%). Too few sites had evidence of A. actinomycetemcomitans to be amenable to statistical analysis. No significant difference in bone loss was attributable to the systemic antibiotic therapy.Conclusion: These data indicated that, in this population, the presence of P. gingivalis in plaque after treatment might be indicative of progressive alveolar bone loss.