bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First Eocene–Miocene anuran fossils from Peruvian Amazonia: insights into neotropical frog evolution and diversity
Authors: Jansen Olivier , Gómez Raúl Orencio , Fouquet Antoine , Marivaux Laurent , Salas‐Gismondi Rodolfo , Antoine Pierre‐Olivier 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAnurans are one of the most diverse vertebrate groups, particularly in Amazonia, where species richness exceeds that of anywhere else. Amazonian frogs belong to three main lineages (Hyloidea, Microhylidae and Pipidae), each of which diversified during the Cenozoic. However, due to the virtual absence of an anuran fossil record in that area, the evolutionary history of modern lineages has so far remained accessible only via molecular data. In recent decades, a series of field campaigns in Peruvian Amazonia led to the discovery of an unparalleled set of anuran bone fragments, scattered across different sites spanning the Eocene–Miocene time interval. Here, we describe these first Palaeogene and early Neogene anurans from Peru with a focus on humeral and ilial morphology, identifying five humeral and five ilial morphotypes. Humeral morphotypes suggest the presence of different lineages of Brachycephaloidea in Peruvian fossil assemblages, whereas ilial morphotypes suggest the presence of Leptodactylidae, although leptodactylid‐like ilia also occur in some extant brachycephaloids. Pipids were also identified based on both humeral and ilial fragments. This study fills a major temporal and geographical gap in the evolutionary history of South American anurans, while further uncovering a lack of knowledge in the skeletal morphology of extant anuran families, as well as their inter‐ and intra‐species variability.
Long‐Life Lead‐Carbon Batteries for Stationary Energy Storage Applications
Authors: Sajjad Muhammad , Zhang Jing , Zhang Shiwen , Zhou Jieqing , Mao Zhiyu , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOwing to the mature technology, natural abundance of raw materials, high recycling efficiency, cost‐effectiveness, and high safety of lead‐acid batteries (LABs) have received much more attention from large to medium energy storage systems for many years. Lead carbon batteries (LCBs) offer exceptional performance at the high‐rate partial state of charge (HRPSoC) and higher charge acceptance than LAB, making them promising for hybrid electric vehicles and stationary energy storage applications. Despite that, adding carbon to the negative active electrode considerably enhances the electrochemical performance. However, carbon brings some adverse effects, such as the severe hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in the NAM due to the low overpotential of carbon material, promoting severe water loss in LCBs. From a practical application point of view, the irreversible sulfation of the negative active material (NAM) and extreme shedding and softening of the positive active material (PAM) are the main obstacles for next‐generation LCBs. Recently, a lead‐carbon composite additive delayed the parasitic hydrogen evolution and eliminated the sulfation problem, ensuring a long life of LCBs for practical aspects. This comprehensive review outlines a brief developmental historical background of LAB, its shifting towards LCB, the failure mode of LAB, and possible potential solutions to tackle the failure problems. The detailed LCB′s development towards long life was discussed in light of the reported literature to guide the researcher to date progress. More emphasis was directed toward the new applications of LCBs for stationary energy storage applications. Finally, state‐of‐the‐art progress and further research gaps were pointed out for future work in this exciting era.
The Role of Task Types and Reading Proficiency on Young English as a Foreign Language Learners' Writing Performances
Authors: Hsieh Ching‐Ni 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study examined the role of writing task types and L2 reading proficiency on young English as a foreign language (EFL) learners' writing performances. The participants were 185 students (Grades 7 and 8) from Denmark, Finland, and the Netherlands. The students responded to a descriptive and an email writing tasks that assessed their writing ability. The written responses were scored holistically and analyzed for aspects of lexical sophistication, syntactic complexity, writing fluency, and idea development. The students were grouped into strong or emergent readers based on their performances on an English reading comprehension test. Results showed that the students' writing performances differed across task types and were associated with their reading proficiency. The students produced more unique and concrete words and more complex syntactic structures and wrote longer essays in the descriptive writing task. Strong readers outperformed the emergent readers in both tasks and in writing fluency and idea development. Findings corroborate previous research on the connection between reading and writing skills and highlight the importance of strengthening young EFL learners' reading skills to support their writing development.
Patterns of on‐scene and healthcare system trauma deaths in the Western Cape of South Africa
Authors: Finn Julia , Dixon Julia M. , Moreira Fabio , Herbst Celeste , Bhaumik Smitha , Fleischer Chelsie L. , Stassen Willem , Beaty Brenda , Lourens Denise , Verster Janette , Fosdick Bailey , Lategan Hendrick J. , de Vries Shaheem , Uren Grace , Wylie Craig , Steyn Elmin , Geduld Heike , Mould‐Millman Nee‐Kofi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundInjuries account for 8% or 4.4 million deaths annually worldwide, with 90% of injury deaths occurring in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Inter‐personal violence and road traffic injuries account for most injury deaths in South Africa, with rates among the highest globally. Understanding the location, timing, and factors of trauma deaths can identify opportunities to strengthen care.MethodsThis is a retrospective cross‐sectional secondary analysis of trauma deaths from 2021 to 2022 in the Western Cape of South Africa. Healthcare system trauma deaths were identified from a multicenter study paired with a dataset for on‐scene (i.e., prior to ambulance or hospital) trauma deaths in the same jurisdictions. We describe locations, timing, injury factors, and cause of death. We assess associations between those factors.ResultsThere were 2418 deaths, predominantly young men, with most (2274, 94.0%) occurring on‐scene. The most frequent mechanism of injury for all deaths was firearms (32.6%), followed by road traffic collisions (17.8%). On‐scene deaths (33.2%) were significantly more likely to be injured by firearms compared to healthcare system deaths (23.6%) (p‐value <0.01). Most healthcare system deaths within 4–24 h of injury occurred in a hospital emergency center. Among healthcare system decedents, half died in the emergency unit.ConclusionsWe identified a large burden of deaths from interpersonal violence and road traffic collisions, mostly on‐scene. In addition to primary prevention, shortening delays to care can improve mortality outcomes especially for deaths occurring within 4–24 h in emergency centers.
Conservation and health policy implications linked to the human consumption of sea turtles in northwestern Mexico
Authors: Aguirre A. Alonso , Fleming Lila C. , Sandoval‐Lugo Alejandra G. , Leal‐Moreno Renato , Ley‐Quiñónez César P. , Zavala‐Norzagaray Alan A. , Jacobsen Kathryn H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHuman consumption of sea turtles remains prevalent throughout Mexico even though laws restricting trade and take of threatened and endangered species have been in place for several decades. The illegal consumption of sea turtles represents a risk to animal conservation, and the pathogens in the meat can adversely affect human health. In 2017, we surveyed 201 adult residents of 22 coastal communities about their diets, health, and attitudes about the environment, and we collected hair samples that were tested for heavy metals. A large percentage of the samples had high levels of mercury (87%), arsenic (81%), lead (65%), aluminum (57%), and cadmium (31%). Odds ratios suggested that the 28% of participants who reported recent sea turtle consumption had an increased likelihood of high metal levels even after adjusting for sex, age, and consumption of fish that bioaccumulate heavy metals. Conservation efforts may be more successful when they appeal to people's self‐interest rather than merely focusing on ecological benefits. Concerns about toxins in sharks, tuna, and other types of deep‐sea fish have reduced human consumption of some species. Both sea turtle conservation and human health may benefit from awareness campaigns that emphasize the adverse outcomes associated with eating sea turtles while continuing to affirm the economic benefits of healthy ecosystems. Transdisciplinary research that draws on ecology, epidemiology, toxicology, law, and public policy provides a valuable foundation for solving complex health issues. Creative reframing of biodiversity concerns will be necessary for promoting planetary health in a time of accelerating environmental change.
Impure Realism, Pure Eventness, and Horror Cinema in the Post-truth Era: A Case Study of One Cut of the Dead
Authors: Zhu Yeqi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThrough the case study ofOne Cut of the Dead—a 2017 zombie-comedy about how a film crew stage a zombie-film-within-a-zombie-film for live broadcast—this article examines contemporary media’s appropriation of the meta- or hyper-realism to represent “impure monsters” in the guise of the uncanny return of the repressed. By comparison, by moving away from the anthropomorphic realism that mainstreams zombie narratives as “alternative facts,”One Cut of the Deadinterrupts the production of post-truth and liberates its characters from the “anthropological machine” responsible for people’s anxiety about being impure. In this light, the article intends, by providing an interpretation of how subjectivities can be generated within the apocalyptic experience of filmmaking/filmviewing, to bring about a reconsideration of the uncanny realism as a radical openness towards zombie events’ impact. This openness requires us not to reduce the singularity of the event to preexisting means of understanding. Rather than assume that the fictional genre has become either escapist fantasy or doomsday visions, I suggest instead that today’s horror cinema has increasingly highlighted tensions between “eventness” and the post-truth illusory mechanism.
Methanolkonzentrationen im Serum nach dem Verzehr von Birnen
Authors: Jübner Martin , Lucuta Lina , Neis Maximilian , Andresen-Streichert Hilke 
Published: December 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Methanol hat als Begleitalkohol eine besondere Bedeutung bei der Beurteilung von Nachtrunkbehauptungen hinsichtlich der Dauer der Trinkphase und der Einschätzung einer Alkoholgewöhnung. Serummethanolkonzentrationen ab 10 mg/l werden grundsätzlich als Indiz für einen chronischen Alkoholabusus angesehen. Der Verzehr pektinhaltiger Früchte soll zu einem erheblichen Anstieg der Methanolkonzentration im Blutserum führen können. Ziel dieser Studie war daher die Untersuchung der aus einem Verzehr von Birnen resultierenden Serummethanolkonzentrationen hinsichtlich des zeitlichen Verlaufs und der maximalen Werte.

Methodik
Durch zwei Versuchspersonen wurde innerhalb von 15 min jeweils 1 kg Birnen verzehrt. Die Methanolkonzentrationen im Serum wurden über einen Zeitraum von etwa 8 h mittels Gaschromatographie-Flammenionisationsdetektor (GC-FID) bestimmt.

Ergebnisse
Physiologische Methanolserumkonzentrationen lagen bei beiden Probanden unterhalb von 1 mg/l. Nach Zeitintervallen von 95 min bzw. 160 min wurden Maxima von 2,5 mg/l bzw. 3,0 mg/l erreicht. Über den gesamten Versuchszeitraum lagen die Serumkonzentrationen oberhalb des Ausgangswertes (Nullprobe).

Diskussion
Der Verzehr von 1 kg Birnen resultierte in einer deutlichen Erhöhung der Serummethanolkonzentrationen. Die Konzentrationen zeigten einen ähnlichen zeitlichen Verlauf bei beiden Probanden. Die Maxima liegen deutlich unterhalb der Werte, welche für eine chronische Alkoholaufnahme sprechen. Die Resultate dieser Studie können die gutachterliche Beurteilung einer Alkoholgewöhnung sowie von Nachtrunkbehauptungen bei Angabe eines Verzehrs von Früchten unterstützen.
Initial results with [18F]FAPI-74 PET/CT in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Mori Yuriko , Kramer Vasko , Novruzov Emil , Mamlins Eduards , Röhrich Manuel , Fernández René , Amaral Horacio , Soza-Ried Cristian , Monje Barbara , Sabbagh Eduardo , Florenzano Matías , Giesel Frederik L. , Undurraga Álvaro 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic fibrosing interstitial lung disease with a poor prognosis. 68Ga-labeled FAP ligands exhibited highly promising results due to the crucial role of activated fibroblasts in fibrosis imaging of the lung. However, 18F-labeled FAP ligands might provide qualitatively much higher imaging results with accompanying economic benefits due to large-scale production. Thus, we sought to investigate the potential of [18F]FAPI-74 prospectively in a small patient cohort.

Methods
Eight patients underwent both [18F]FAPI-74-PET/CT and HRCT scans and were then compared with a control group without any fibrosing pulmonary disease. The tracer uptake of fibrotic lung areas was analyzed in synopsis with radiological and clinical parameters.

Results
We observed a positive correlation between the fibrotic active volume, the Hounsfield scale, as well as the vital and diffusing capacity of the lung.

Conclusion
The initial results confirm our assumption that [18F]FAPI-74 offers a viable non-invasive assessment method for pulmonary fibrotic changes in patients with IPF.
Parallel auxin transport via PINs and plasmodesmata during the Arabidopsis leaf hyponasty response
Authors: Li Jiazhou , Yang Jintao , Gao Yibo , Zhang Ziyu , Gao Chen , Chen Shaolin , Liesche Johannes 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Key message
The leaf hyponasty response depends on tip-to-petiole auxin transport. This transport can happen through two parallel pathways: active trans-membrane transport mediated by PIN proteins and passive diffusion through plasmodesmata.

Abstract
A plant’s ability to counteract potential shading by neighboring plants depends on transport of the hormone auxin. Neighbor sensing at the leaf tip triggers auxin production. Once this auxin reaches the abaxial petiole epidermis, it causes cell elongation, which leads to leaf hyponasty. Two pathways are known to contribute to this intercellular tip-to-petiole auxin movement: (i) transport facilitated by plasma membrane-localized PIN auxin transporters and (ii) diffusion enabled by plasmodesmata. We tested if these two modes of transport are arranged sequentially or in parallel. Moreover, we investigated if they are functionally linked. Mutants in which one of the two pathways is disrupted indicated that both pathways are necessary for a full hyponasty response. Visualization of PIN3-GFP and PIN7-GFP localization indicated PIN-mediated transport in parallel to plasmodesmata-mediated transport along abaxial midrib epidermis cells. We found plasmodesmata-mediated cell coupling in the pin3pin4pin7 mutant to match wild-type levels, indicating no redundancy between pathways. Similarly, PIN3, PIN4 and PIN7 mRNA levels were unaffected in a mutant with disrupted plasmodesmata pathway. Our results provide mechanistic insight on leaf hyponasty, which might facilitate the manipulation of the shade avoidance response in crops.
Post-acute exercise cardiovagal modulation in older male adults with and without type 2 diabetes
Authors: Marôco João Luís , Arrais Inês , Silvestre Tiago , Pinto Marco , Laranjo Sérgio , Magalhães João , Santa-Clara Helena , Fernhall Bo , Melo Xavier 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We examined heart rate variability (HRV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) disease- and age-related response at 10-and 60-min after an acute high-intensity interval (HIIE) and moderate continuous exercise (MICE) in older adults with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and healthy young adults.

Methods
Twelve older male adults with (57–84 years) and without T2DM (57–76 years) and 12 healthy young male adults (20–40 years) completed an isocaloric acute bout of HIIE, MICE, and a non-exercise condition in a randomized order. Time and Wavelets-derived frequency domain indices of HRV and BRS were obtained in a supine position and offline over 2-min time-bins using Matlab.

Results
HIIE but not MICE reduced natural logarithm root mean square of successive differences (Ln-RMSSD) (d = − 0.85; 95% CI − 1.15 to − 0.55 ms, p < 0.001), Ln-high-frequency power (d = − 1.60; 95% CI − 2.24 to − 0.97 ms2; p < 0.001), and BRS (d = − 6.32; 95% CI − 9.35 to − 3.29 ms/mmHg, p < 0.001) in adults without T2DM (averaged over young and older adults without T2DM), returning to baseline 60 min into recovery. These indices remained unchanged in older adults with T2DM after HIIE and MICE. Older adults with T2DM had lower resting Ln-RMSSD and BRS than aged-matched controls (Ln-RMSSD, d = − 0.71, 95% CI − 1.16 to − 0.262 ms, p = 0.001; BRS d = − 3.83 ms/mmHg), 95% CI − 6.90 to − 0.76, p = 0.01).

Conclusions
Cardiovagal modulation following acute aerobic exercise is intensity-dependent only in adults without T2DM, and appears age-independent. These findings provide evidence of cardiac autonomic impairments in older adults with T2DM at rest and following aerobic exercise.
National peatland strategies in Europe: current status, key themes, and challenges
Authors: Nordbeck Ralf , Hogl Karl 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPeatlands are globally important ecosystems that reflect many of today’s environmental challenges, particularly climate change and biodiversity loss. In recent years, several European countries have adopted national peatland strategies as integrated strategies that provide cross-sectoral policy frameworks to promote the conservation, restoration, and sustainable use of peatlands. This paper reviews eight national peatland strategies that have been formally adopted in Europe, i.e., the peatland strategies of Austria, England, Germany, Finland, Ireland, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. The strategies are analyzed based on six key themes: (1) the motivation for adopting national peatland strategies, (2) the generation of a sufficient database, (3) stakeholder participation and outreach, (4) institutional arrangements for cross-sectoral policy coordination and integration, (5) financial management strategies, and (6) mechanisms for monitoring and reporting. Our comparative study shows that there is a growing political commitment to sustainable peatland management in Europe. Although the national strategies show some differences in terms of the six key themes, they also show a high degree of similarity in terms of procedural aspects and the issues addressed. We conclude that the national strategies are currently performing quite well in terms of raising awareness and building capacity. However, the main challenge for the effective implementation of national peatland strategies is the issue of cross-sectoral policy integration.
Implementation quality of cooperative learning and teacher beliefs—a mixed methods study
Authors: Adl-Amini Katja , Völlinger Vanessa A. , Eckart Agnes 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCooperative learning (CL) refers to teaching methods in which students work in small groups to help one another learn and improve their learning outcomes. Often CL is described by five basic elements: (1) positive interdependence, (2) individual accountability, (3) promotive interaction, (4) social skills and (5) group processing. The positive effects of CL have been extensively documented. The quality of implementation, mostly determined by application of the five basic elements of CL, has been shown to be significantly related to the effectiveness of the methods. However, due to the complex demands that designing CL sequences places on teachers, the question of how and why they implement CL methods is not trivial. The present study used an explanatory mixed methods design with sequential phases (quantitative–qualitative) to investigate the implementation of CL in school practice. A survey, structured interviews with teachers and classroom observations rated on an observation scale including indicators of the basic elements of CL were used to gather data in a total of 49 German classrooms. Results show that the implementation quality of CL lessons was rather low. Only 7% of the observed teachers implemented the basic elements. Even group goals and individual accountability, the two most important elements of CL, were implemented in only 17% of the lessons observed. Survey results indicated that implementation quality is related to teachers’ evaluation of CL with regard to its appropriateness for different learning goals (r = .40*) and diverse students (r = .36*). Qualitative analysis of the teacher interviews analysed by thematic coding showed differences between teachers with high and low implementation quality regarding their beliefs. Teachers with high implementation quality see more value in social learning processes and feel more responsible for the success of CL. The results show a theory–practice gap and point to the relevance of beliefs for CL implementation.
Return to work after cancer–the impact of working conditions: A Norwegian Register-based Study
Authors: Le Giang Huong , Hermansen Åsmund , Dahl Espen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to compare a cohort of cancer survivors with a cohort of cancer-free employees (1) with respect to employment prospects over a 15-year period and (2) with respect to the differential impact of working conditions on employment over this time period.

Methods
The cancer cohort is retrieved from the Cancer Registry of Norway, while data on the non-cancer cohort are retrieved from register data managed by Statistics Norway. Job exposure matrices were used to remedy the lack of working-conditions information in the register data. We use nearest-neighbor matching to match the non-cancer cohort (the control group) to the cancer-survivor cohort (the treatment group). Cox regression analysis was applied to examine the relationships between working conditions, employment, and cancer. The results are reported separately for mechanical-job exposures and psychosocial exposures, as well as by gender.

Results
Cancer survivors are more likely to experience reduced employment as compared to individuals without a history of cancer. Male cancer survivors in physically demanding occupations have an increased risk of reduced employment after being diagnosed with cancer. This does not apply to female cancer survivors. Regarding the impact of psychosocial exposures on employment, we find no differences over time between cancer survivors and the non-cancer population.

Conclusions
Male cancer survivors in physically demanding occupations have an increased risk of reduced employment after being diagnosed with cancer, whereas this is not the case for female cancer survivors. Psychosocial exposures do not impact the relative risk of reduced employment over time.

Implications for cancer survivors
We suggest that return to work after cancer should be considered a process rather than only the re-entry step of resuming work. Thus, it is important to provide long-term support for cancer survivors. We recommend providing more attention to working conditions, particularly in occupations that involve a high level of mechanical-job exposures.