bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety factor influence on the edge E × B velocity establishment in tokamak plasmas
Authors: Varennes R , Vermare L , Garbet X , Hennequin P , Dif-Pradalier G , Sarazin Y , Grandgirard V , Panico O , Donnel P , Obrejan K 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study is motivated by experiments on Tore Supra and WEST tokamaks where a deepening of the E × B velocity—governed by the radial electric field Er
—near the edge is observed when the safety factor decreases in L-mode plasmas. Flux-driven global simulations of ion temperature gradient turbulence recover qualitatively the trend observed in the experiments, i.e. the E × B velocity increases when decreasing the safety factor. From these simulations, multiple clues point out the role of turbulence in the establishment of the radial electric field even though the turbulent intensity increases with the safety factor. The proposed mechanism to elucidate this phenomenon, backed up by a reduced model, is that the damping of the poloidal flow, governed by the neoclassical friction, increases more strongly with the safety factor than the turbulent drive for Er
, due to the

(
r
,
θ
)

component of the Reynolds stress.
Initial Fulcher band observations from high resolution spectroscopy in the MAST-U divertor
Authors: Osborne N , Verhaegh K , Bowden M D , Wijkamp T , Lonigro N , Ryan P , Pawelec E , Lipschultz B , Soukhanovskii V , van den Biggelaar T ,   the MAST-U Team
Published: December 2023

Abstract
High resolution

D

2

∗

Fulcher band spectroscopy was used in the MAST-U divertors during Super-X and (shorter-legged) elongated divertor density ramps with

D

2

fuelling from the mid-plane high-field side. In the Super-X case, the upper divertor showed ground state rotational temperatures of the

D

2

molecules increasing from ~6000 K, starting at the detachment onset, to ~9000 K during deepening detachment. This was correlated with the movement of the Fulcher emission region towards the X-point, which is in turn correlated with the movement of the ionisation source. The increase in rotational temperature occurred throughout the divertor except near the divertor entrance, where ionisation was still the dominant process. Qualitative agreement was obtained between the lower and upper divertor. Similar rotational temperatures were obtained in the elongated divertor before the detachment onset, although the increase in rotational temperature during detachment was less clearly observed as less deep detachment was obtained. The measured vibrational distribution of the upper Fulcher state does not agree with a ground state Boltzmann distribution but shows a characteristically elevated population in the ν = 2 and ν = 3 bands in particular; which is strongly correlated to the rotational temperature.
Gamma radiation effect on the structural and optical properties of CdS thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis technique
Authors: Farroh H A , Zaghlool R A , Boshta M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
One way to increase the solar cell efficiency is to increase the range of transmitted visible light throughout the window layer. This could be achieved via broadening its band gap; an aim that could be attained through doping and/or irradiation technique. In this way, cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin films have been successfully prepared on pre-heated glass substrates at 400 °C by spray pyrolysis technique and the effect of gamma radiation dose on the structural and optical properties of CdS thin films has been investigated in the range of 250 to 450 Gy. The XRD results manifest the formation of hexagonal phase of CdS with a crystallite size of 58.73 nm, which decreased to 47.26 nm after exposure to 350 Gy. Also, the SEM micrographs show the formation of some randomly oriented groups of nano-rods on the surface of highly condensed nanorods of CdS thin film. The optical investigation illustrates that a blue shift in the optical gap from 2.4 to 3.34 eV has been occurred as the radiation dose reached 350 Gy. The sensitivity of the films to the applied dose has approached 0.005 eV/Gy. Moreover, the shifted band gap exhibited less fading up to 74 days.
All-optical simultaneous OR and NAND gates using photonic crystal ring resonator and Kerr effect
Authors: Gupta Priyanka Kumari , Paltani Punya Prasanna , Tripathi Shrivishal 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
All-optical simultaneous OR and NAND gates design is proposed using a simple nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonator based on the chalcogenide glass (Ag20As32Se48) material which is one of the promising materials for all-optical devices. The structure consists of an octagonal ring resonator between two waveguides, which uses the switching threshold mechanism based on the Kerr effect to perform two simultaneous logic gates functions. The plane wave expansion (PWE) method is used to obtain the band diagram in the proposed structure, and the two-dimensional finite difference time domain (2D-FDTD) method is used in the simulation to evaluate the performance of the proposed design. The resonance wavelength is 1551.3 nm, with a high transmission and coupling efficiency of about 100%. The proposed optical OR and NAND logic gates have high contrast ratios of 21.15 dB and 28.19 dB, respectively, with a quality factor of 596.65. The operating power intensity of the proposed structure is 1 kW μm−2, and the threshold power intensity is obtained at 2.8 kW μm−2. The proposed gates provide transmitted power of not less than 0.5. The size of the structure is 20.5 μm × 18.17 μm. The proposed structure is compact, works on low operational power intensity, and has the ability for dense integration. The simplicity and small size of the structure make it easy to fabricate for future integration in all-optical circuits.
Application of Efron-Petrosian method to radio pulsar fluxes
Authors: Mamidipaka Pragna , Desai Shantanu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We apply the Efron-Petrosian technique to radio fluxes of pulsars detected in the Parkes
multi-beam survey to test the independence of luminosity and distance. For this dataset, we find
that for four different distance exponents (ranging from 0.5 to 2), the flux thresholds at which
the luminosity and distances are uncorrelated, correspond to very low p-values for the
Kolmogorov-Smirnov test between the truncated and untruncated datasets. This is due to the fact
that the Parkes multi-beam survey is not sufficiently homogeneous to lend itself to a treatment by
the Efron-Petrosian method. We then repeat the analysis after rendering the dataset more
homogeneous by excluding the distant pulsars from this sample. We find that for this culled
dataset, the flux is consistent with distance exponents of 1.5 and 2.0.
Alpha-ray imaging with alkali copper halide scintillator
Authors: Urano Y. , Kurosawa S. , Yamaji A. , Yoshikawa A. , Wu Y. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Internal exposure for decommissioning workers at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant
must be prevented, and we have developed a monitoring system for alpha-ray emitting dust (alpha
dust). When the dust size is less than several tens of micrometers, a dust protection mask
does
not work effectively to prevent internal exposure. Since no devices have been operated to observe
alpha-dust images in real-time up to now, we have developed an alpha-ray imaging detector
consisting of a scintillation material and imaging detector. Scintillators are required to have
high light output and chemical stability. Cs3Cu2I5 (CCI) scintillator was found
to be one of the candidates, and an imaging test was operated with this material. The CCI crystal
was grown by the Bridgman-Stockberger method, and a scintillation sheet for alpha-ray imaging was
prepared by CCI microcrystals with a thickness of approximately 70 μm on a
200-μm thickness transparent polyethylene terephthalate film as a first imaging test.
The sheet was irradiated with 5.5-MeV alpha rays from an 241Am source, and scintillation
photons were detected with a CMOS camera through an optical lens. We succeeded in visualizing
alpha rays, and a position resolution of our system achieved approximately 16.2 ± 2.6 μm (10–90 %). This resolution was similar value to other imaging devices with Ag:ZnS
powder scintillator, and a CCI single crystal sheet was expected to reach better resolution.
Shifted relationship between the Pacific decadal oscillation and western North Pacific tropical cyclogenesis since the 1990s
Authors: Zhou Cong , Wu Liguang , Wang Chao , Cao Jian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and Pacific Meridional Mode (PMM) are prominent climate modes in the North Pacific with well-established impacts on tropical cyclone (TC) genesis in the western North Pacific (WNP) basin. While previous research has primarily focused on the roles of the PDO and PMM in regulating TC genesis through the modification of large-scale environmental factors, this study investigates the evolving influence of the PDO on WNP TC genesis since the 1950s. Remarkably, our analysis reveals a shift in the PDO-TC genesis relationship, transitioning from a significant negative correlation to a significant positive correlation since the 1990s. This shift is attributed to variations in the specific large-scale factors through which the PDO affects TC genesis. Furthermore, this study suggests that these changes appear to be linked to the PMM strengthening on the interdecadal timescale in recent decades. The linkage of the PMM strengthening to the PDO-related atmospheric circulation is further confirmed by the results of a 500 year pre-industrial numerical experiment, suggesting that the PMM strengthening may result from natural internal variability. The results underscore the non-stationary relationship between PDO and WNP TC genesis, with the PMM intensity probably influencing their relationship.
Convergence of the logarithm of the characteristic polynomial of unitary Brownian motion in Sobolev space
Authors: Forkel Johannes , Sauzedde Isao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We prove that the convergence of the real and imaginary parts of the logarithm of the characteristic polynomial of unitary Brownian motion toward Gaussian free fields on the cylinder, as the matrix dimension goes to infinity, holds in certain suitable Sobolev spaces, whose regularity we prove to be optimal. Our result can be seen as the natural dynamical analogue to the stationary result for a fixed time by Hughes et al (2001 Commun. Math. Phys.
220 429–51). Further our result is related to the work of Spohn (1998 Markov Processes and Related Fields vol 4), from which the identification of the above limit as the Gaussian free field first followed, albeit in a different function space.
A novel coupling technique based on thermal desorption gas chromatography with mass spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry for breath analysis
Authors: Schanzmann Hannah , Ruzsanyi Veronika , Ahmad-Nejad Parviz , Telgheder Ursula , Sielemann Stefanie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Exhaled breath analysis is evolving into an increasingly important non-invasive diagnostic tool. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath contain information about health status and are promising biomarkers for several diseases, including respiratory infections caused by bacteria. To monitor the composition of VOCs in breath or the emission of VOCs from bacteria, sensitive analytical techniques are required. Next to mass spectrometry, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is considered a promising analytical tool for detecting gaseous analytes in the parts per billion by volume to parts per trillion by volume range. This work presents a new, dual coupling of thermal desorption gas chromatography to a quadrupole mass spectrometer (MS) and an IMS by operating a simple splitter. Nearly identical retention times can be reached in the range of up to 30 min with slight deviations of 0.06 min–0.24 min. This enables the identification of unknown compounds in the IMS chromatogram using unambiguous mass spectral identification, as there are still no commercially available databases for IMS. It is also possible to discriminate one of the detectors using the splitter to improve detection limits. Using a test liquid mixture of seven ketones, namely 2-butanone, 2-pentanone, 2-hexanone, 2-heptanone, 2-octanone, 2-nonanone, and 2-decanone with a concentration of 0.01 g l−1 reproducibilities ranging from 3.0% to 7.6% for MS and 2.2%–5.3%, for IMS were obtained, respectively. In order to test the system optimized here for the field of breath analysis, characteristic VOCs such as ethanol, isoprene, acetone, 2-propanol, and 1-propanol were successfully identified in exhaled air using the dual detector system due to the match of the corresponding IMS, and MS spectra. The presented results may be considered to be a starting point for the greater use of IMS in combination with MS within the medical field.
The effects of Chaetoceros sp. meal as a feed supplement on color expression, growth performance and survival rate of discus (Symphysodon discus)
Authors: Fauziah A , Arifin M Z , Widodo A , Cahyanurani A B , Halim A M , Aonullah A A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Discus fish is one of the ornamental fish that has high economic value based on its color characteristic. To increase fish body color, its need carotenoids obtained from feed. Chaetoceros sp. is a natural food rich in carotenoids, especially fucoxanthin. This study aims to evaluate the effect of diets consisting of 0% (control), 5%, 10% and 15% Chaetoceros sp. powder on color expression (brightness value and color density), growth performance and survival rates of Symphysodon discus. Chaetoceros sp. powder was added into the basal diet. One hundred of discus fish with an average length of 0.5 cm were cultured for 56 days. The result showed that the supplementation of 5-15% Chaetoceros sp. powder had no significant effects on the survival rate and the brightness value of discus fish. The increasing of Chaetoceros sp. powder supplementation showed a lower rate of growth performance compared to control (p<0.05), however the color density was observed to increase significantly at 15% Chaetoceros sp. treatment (p<0.05). As the conclusion, this study showed that dietary Chaetoceros sp. could improve the color expression especially the color density of discus fish and the supplementation level was suggested to be 10% Chaetoceros sp powder.
Stress response and oxygen consumption level of vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) infested by Ciliata pathogens on culture system with high stocking densities
Authors: Marista M , Mahasri G , Kusnoto  
Published: December 2023

Abstract
One of the technology used to increase the production of vaname shrimp is by culture system with high stocking densities. Disease cases that are often reported to attack vaname shrimp in rearing with high stocking densities are derived from ectoparasites Ciliata pathogens such as Vorticella sp., Zoothamnium sp. and Epistylis sp. This study aimed to determine the effect of high stocking density, rearing time and the interaction between high stocking density and rearing time on the stress response (blood glucose level) and oxygen consumption level of vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) infested by Ciliata pathogens. This study used an experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a 3×5 factorial pattern consisting of 3 treatments and 6 replications. Factor A is high stocking density (10 prawns/10L, 15 prawns/10L and 20 prawns/10L) and factor B is rearing time (day-0, 2, 4, 6 and 8). The results of this study showed that high stocking density and rearing time had a significant effect (p<0.05) and there was a significant interaction (p<0,01) with a high stocking density of 20 prawns/10L and rearing time on day-8 of increasing blood glucose level and oxygen consumption level of vaname shrimp infested by Ciliata pathogens.
Study of the population Vibrio Sp. on the health of vanname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Cv. Reksa Bumi Situbondo
Authors: Setyastuti TA , Suseno DN , Rumayasa IGP , Hakimah N , Hilmy FM 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Vannamei shrimp is one of the commodities of excellence in aquaculture. The production system is carried out mass with high stocking density causes vannamei shrimp culture susceptible to disease. One type of disease that can cause mass mortality in cultured shrimp is vibriosis. This activity aims to study the abundance of bacterial populations Vibrio sp. and its effect on the health of Vanname Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) at CV. Reksa Bumi Situbondo East Java. Identification of Vibrio sp. performed on TCBS agar media. Clinical symptoms of shrimp that are attacked by vibriosis. Besides the attack vibrio sp. produce clinical symptoms such as body flushing, red swimming legs and red tail. The abundance of Vibrio sp. that exceeds the threshold causes WFD disease attacks and IMNV. The high abundance of Vibrio sp. caused by conditions unfavorable aquatic environment due to entering the transition season resulting in sudden changes in water quality and increase the abundance of bacteria.
Effect of Probiotics in Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) on the Concentration of Ammonia, Nitrite, and Nitrate in the Aquaculture of Catfish (Clarias sp.)
Authors: Nurhasanah A , Rahardja B S , Prayogo  
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of probiotic administration on ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate levels in catfish cultivation (Clarias sp.) with the RAS system. The research was conducted in February – March at the Anatomy Laboratory and chemical laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Airlangga University. This study was conducted experimentally using the RAL method consisting of 5 treatments four replays, namely control treatment (P0), probiotic dose 0.5 mL/L (P1), probiotic dose 1 mL/L (P2), probiotic dose 1.5 mL/L (P3), and probiotic dose 2 mL/L (P4). Data analysis is processed using ANOVA and DMRT. The result of this study was the administration of probiotics with the bacterium Nitrosomonas sp. And Nitrobacter sp. with different doses has an effect (p<0.05) on the concentration of ammonia, nitrite, and nitrates.
Iodium fortification on traditional salt with spray different potassium iodate
Authors: Salsabila H F , Alamsjah M A , Pujiastuti D Y 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to increase the iodine content of traditional salt after fortification of iodine with potassium iodate spray. In addition, this study also aims to determine the NaCl content and water content of traditional salt after potassium iodate fortification is carried out. This research is also expected to provide an alternative solution to increase the iodine content of salt by fortification of potassium iodate. And hopefully this research can help the government in handling cases of Iodine Deficiency Disorder in Indonesia. The treatments used were the addition of KIO3 solution with different weight of traditional salt P1 (50 gram traditional salt : 3 ml KIO3 solution), P2 (33,33 gram traditional salt : 3 ml KIO3 solution) dan P3 (25 gram traditional salt : 3 ml KIO3 solution). Potassium iodate fortification in traditional salt affects iodine and NaCl levels. Fortification of 3 ml potassium iodate with a salt weight of 25 grams (P3) produced the highest iodine content with an average of 64.74 ppm, an average NaCl content of 86.14 %, and an average water content of 3.7%.
Testing the antibacterial effectiveness of mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana L) against Aeromonas hydrophila Bacterial infection in dumbo catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Cahya B , Nirmala D , Triantoro B 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Plants belonging to the Clusiaceae species are Garcinia mangostana Linn (mangosteen fruit). The skin layer of this fruit has been used as a traditional medicine for wound healing, topical infections. Mangosteen rind contains compounds including mangostin, mangostenol, mangostinon A, mangostenon B, trapezifolixanthone, tovofillin B, alpha mangostin, beta mangostin, garsinon B, mangostanol, flavonoids, epicatechin. Gartanin, gamma mangostin, garsinon E, epicatechin. Farming African catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) when facing serious problems such as fish are susceptible to disease, mainly due to bacteria. One type of bacteria that causes the disease is Aeromonas hydrophila. This type of bacteria can cause high fish mortality in African catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) of various sizes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mangosteen rind extraction on the growth of Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria in vitro, as well as the 96-hour Lethal Dose (LD50) value of mangosteen rind extract after exposure to African catfish (Clarias Gariepinus). In this study, the antibacterial activity of the material was tested in vitro with concentrations of 0%, 1.56%, 3.125%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25% and 50%.
Characterization of Bacillus subtilis (BR 610) isolated from the intestines of Rabbitfish, Siganus guttatus, maintained in Floating Net at Awerange Bay, Barru
Authors: Tampangallo B R , Anshary H , Wulan S , Syah R 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The use of some species of Bacillus as a probiotic has been widely reported. In general, using probiotics in the exact isolation location will improve the performance of these probiotics. This study aims to characterize the Bacillus subtilis (BR610) isolate, successfully isolated from the intestines of Rabbitfish previously cultivated in the floating net of Awerange bay, Barru, South Sulawesi. The research includes morphological characterization of BR610 isolates, activity tests of amylase, cellulose, and proteinase enzyme. BR610 isolate inhibition test against several types of pathogenic bacterial isolates (Vibrio harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolitycus, and Streptococcus) as well as BR610 isolate resistance test against various kinds of antibiotics. The results showed that the Bacillus subtilis (BR610) has a spherical morphology, wavy edges, flat elevation, and is cream-white in color. BR610 can produce the enzyme amylase 20.36±17.8mm, proteinase 14.2±6.7mm, and Cellulose 20.9±2.7mm. These isolates can also inhibit the growth of V. harveyi (13.0±0.3mm), V. alginolyticus (15.1±2.8mm), V. parahaemolyticus (14.7±2.7mm), and Streptococcus (17.6±1.6mm). Bacillus subtilis BR610 is still worthy of being used as an environmentally friendly probiotic because it is still sensitive to several types of antibiotics tested.