bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiply-and-Fire: An Event-Driven Sparse Neural Network Accelerator
Authors: Yu Miao , Xiang Tingting , Miriyala Venkata Pavan Kumar , Carlson Trevor E. 
Published: October 2023

Deep neural network inference has become a vital workload for many systems from edge-based computing to data centers. To reduce the performance and power requirements for deep neural networks (DNNs) running on these systems, pruning is commonly used as a way to maintain most of the accuracy of the system while significantly reducing the workload requirements. Unfortunately, accelerators designed for unstructured pruning typically employ expensive methods to either determine non-zero activation-weight pairings or reorder computation. These methods require additional storage and memory accesses compared to the more regular data access patterns seen in structurally pruned models. However, even existing works that focus on the more regular access patterns seen in structured pruning continue to suffer from inefficient designs, which either ignore or expensively handle activation sparsity leading to low performance.
To address these inefficiencies, we leverage structured pruning and propose the multiply-and-fire (MnF) technique, which aims to solve these problems in three ways: (a) the use of a novel event-driven dataflow that naturally exploits activation sparsity without complex, high-overhead logic; (b) an optimized dataflow takes an activation-centric approach, which aims to maximize the reuse of activation data in computation and ensures the data are only fetched once from off-chip global and on-chip local memory; and (c) based on the proposed event-driven dataflow, we develop an energy-efficient, high-performance sparsity-aware DNN accelerator. Our results show that our MnF accelerator achieves a significant improvement across a number of modern benchmarks and presents a new direction to enable highly efficient AI inference for both CNN and MLP workloads. Overall, this work achieves a geometric mean of 11.2× higher energy efficiency and 1.41× speedup compared to a state-of-the-art sparsity-aware accelerator.
Exosomal lncRNA NEAT1 Inhibits NK-Cell Activity to Promote Multiple Myeloma Cell Immune Escape via an EZH2/PBX1 Axis
Authors: Wang Qing-Ming , Lian Guang-Yu , Sheng Su-Mei , Xu Jing , Ye Long-Long , Min Chao , Guo Shu-Fang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Exosomal long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) derived from cancer cells are implicated in various processes, including cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and immunomodulation. We investigated the role and underlying mechanism of exosome-transmitted lncRNA NEAT1 in the immune escape of multiple myeloma cells from natural killer (NK) cells. Multiple myeloma cells and samples from patients with multiple myeloma were obtained. The effects of multiple myeloma cell-derived exosomes (multiple myeloma exosomes) and exosomal NEAT1 on the functions of NK cells were evaluated using EdU staining, CCK-8, flow cytometry, and ELISA. Chromatin and RNA immunoprecipitation were performed to identify interactions between NEAT1, enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2), and pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). A xenograft tumor model was constructed to verify the effects of exosomal NEAT1 on tumor growth. qRT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and IHC were conducted to detect related genes. NEAT1 levels were upregulated in multiple myeloma tumor tissues, multiple myeloma cells, and multiple myeloma exosomes. Multiple myeloma exosomes suppressed cell proliferation, promoted apoptosis, reduced natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D)-positive cells, and the production of TNFα) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in NK cells, whereas NEAT1-silenced exosomes had little effect. NEAT1 silenced PBX1 by recruiting EZH2. PBX1 knockdown abrogated the effects of NEAT1-silenced exosomes on NK and multiple myeloma cells. NEAT1-silenced exosomes inhibited tumor growth in mice, decreased Ki67 and PD-L1, and increased NKG2D, TNFα, and IFNγ in tumor tissues. In summary, multiple myeloma cell–derived exosomal NEAT1 suppressed NK-cell activity by downregulating PBX1, promoting multiple myeloma cell immune escape. This study suggests a potential strategy for treating multiple myeloma.

Implications:
This study reveals that exosomal NEAT1 regulates EZH2/PBX1 axis to inhibit NK-cell activity, thereby promoting multiple myeloma cell immune escape, which offers a novel therapeutic potential for multiple myeloma.
Para além do Binário: Reflexões sobre a linguagem neutra
Authors: Oliveira Arthur Marques de , Ramos Juliana Marschal 
Published: October 2023

Esta resenha apresenta a obra lançada em 2022 e coordenada por Fábio Ramos Barbosa Filho e Gabriel de Ávila Othero, ambos professores e pesquisadores da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Sua apresentação dividiu-se em três partes: a primeira descreve sobre a obra em geral e sua importância para os estudos sobre linguagem e gênero atualmente; a segunda parte, são discutidos os capítulos do livro bem como uma apresentação dos autores de cada texto; por último, são apontadas algumas críticas no sentido de melhorias tendo como objetivo o facilitar o acesso de pessoas que não sejam, necessariamente, da academia.
Resilient Hearts: Measuring Resiliency in Young People With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Glenn Thomas , Cousino Melissa K. , Wernovsky Gil , Schuchardt Eleanor L. 
Published: October 2023

Background
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a life‐long disease with long‐term consequences on physical and mental health. Patients with CHD face multifaceted physical and psychosocial challenges. Resilience is an important factor that can be protective and positively impact mental health. We studied resiliency and its associated factors in teenagers and young adults with and without CHD using a social media–delivered survey. Resilience was measured using the 25‐item Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale, a validated metric with a historical mean of 80.4/100 in the general adult population.

Methods and Results

Individuals with and without CHD, aged 10 to 25 years, were prospectively recruited on social media to complete an online survey. The survey was completed from January to February 2022. Respondents provided information on their demographics and CHD details (where applicable) and completed the Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale. As a group, participants with CHD had higher resilience scores compared with same‐aged healthy individuals (65.3±16.1 versus 55.4±13.8;
P
<0.001). For both cohorts, sex, race, and age were not associated with differences in resilience score. For individuals with CHD, lower resilience was associated with more hospital admissions, lack of exercise, presence of a mental health diagnosis, and no participation in support groups or disease‐specific camps.

Conclusions
Young people with CHD had higher resilience than individuals without CHD in our sample. We identified several factors, both modifiable and nonmodifiable, that are associated with higher resilience. Awareness of resiliency and its contributors in the population with CHD may assist medical teams in improving patient physical and psychological well‐being.
Neutrophils: Novel Contributors to Estrogen‐Dependent Intracranial Aneurysm Rupture Via Neutrophil Extracellular Traps
Authors: Patel Devan , Dodd William S. , Lucke‐Wold Brandon , Chowdhury Muhammad Abdul Baker , Hosaka Koji , Hoh Brian L. 
Published: October 2023

Background
Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are more prevalent in women than men, and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage disproportionately affects postmenopausal women. These sex differences suggest estrogen protects against IA progression that can lead to rupture, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Although studies have demonstrated estrogen regulates inflammatory processes that contribute to IA pathogenesis, the role of neutrophils remains to be characterized. Using a murine model, we tested our hypothesis that neutrophils contribute to IA pathophysiology in an estrogen‐dependent manner.

Methods and Results
We compared neutrophil infiltration in C57BL/6 female mice that develop IAs to those with a normal circle of Willis. Next, we investigated the estrogen‐dependent role of neutrophils in IA formation, rupture, and symptom‐free survival using a neutrophil depletion antibody. Finally, we studied the role of neutrophil extracellular trap formation (NETosis) as an underlying mechanism of aneurysm progression. Mice that developed aneurysms had increased neutrophil infiltration compared with those with a normal circle of Willis. In estrogen‐deficient female mice, both neutrophil depletion and NETosis inhibition decreased aneurysm rupture. In estrogen‐deficient female mice treated with estrogen rescue and estrogen‐intact female mice, neither neutrophil depletion nor NETosis inhibition affected IA formation, rupture, or symptom‐free survival.

Conclusions
Neutrophils contribute to aneurysm rupture in an estrogen‐dependent manner. NETosis appears to be an underlying mechanism for neutrophil‐mediated IA rupture in estrogen deficiency. Targeting NETosis may lead to the development of novel therapeutics to protect against IA rupture in the setting of estrogen deficiency.
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With or Without Active Cancer
Authors: Aikawa Tadao , Kuno Toshiki , Malik Aaqib H. , Briasoulis Alexandros , Kolte Dhaval , Kampaktsis Polydoros N. , Latib Azeem 
Published: October 2023

Background
Data on clinical outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in specific cancer types or the presence of metastatic disease remain sparse. This study aimed to investigate the impact of active cancer on short‐term mortality, complications, and readmission rates after TAVR across different cancer types.

Methods and Results

The authors assessed the Nationwide Readmissions Database for TAVR cases from 2012 to 2019. Patients were stratified by specific cancer types. Primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included bleeding requiring blood transfusion and readmissions at 30, 90, and 180 days after TAVR. Overall, 122 573 patients undergoing TAVR were included in the analysis, of whom 8013 (6.5%) had active cancer. After adjusting for potential confounders, the presence of active cancer was not associated with increased in‐hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.06 [95% CI, 0.89–1.27];
P
=0.523). However, active cancer was associated with an increased risk of readmission at 30, 90, and 180 days after TAVR and increased risk of bleeding requiring transfusion at 30 days. Active colon and any type of metastatic cancer were individually associated with readmissions at 30, 90, and 180 days after TAVR. At 30 days after TAVR, colon (aOR, 2.51 [95% CI, 1.68–3.76];
P
<0.001), prostate (aOR, 1.40 [95% CI, 1.05–1.86];
P
=0.021), and any type of metastatic cancer (aOR, 1.65 [95% CI, 1.23–2.22];
P
=0.001) were individually associated with an increased risk of bleeding requiring transfusion.

Conclusions
Patients with active cancer had similar in‐hospital mortality after TAVR but higher risk of readmission and bleeding requiring transfusion, the latter depending on certain types of cancer.
Factors Associated With Maintenance of an Improved Ejection Fraction: An Echocardiogram‐Based Registry Study
Authors: McElderry Brenna , O'Neill Thomas , Griffin Brian P. , Kalahasti Vidyasagar , Barzilai Benico , Brateanu Andrei 
Published: October 2023

Background
Heart failure with improved ejection fraction (EF) is increasingly recognized as a sizable and distinct entity. While the features associated with improvedEF have been explored and new guidelines have emerged, factors associated with sustaining an improved EF over time have not been defined. We aimed to assess factors associated with maintenance of an improved EF in a large real‐world patient cohort.

Methods and Results
A total of 7070 participants with heart failure with improved EF and a subsequent echocardiogram performed after at least 9 months of follow‐up were included in a retrospective cohort study conducted at the Cleveland Clinic in Cleveland, Ohio. Multiple logistic regression models, adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, and medications were built to identify characteristics and therapeutic interventions associated with maintaining an improved EF. Mean age (SD) was 64.9 (13.8) years, 62.7% were men, and 75.1% were White participants. White race and the use of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, or angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitors were associated with maintaining the EF at least 9 months after EF improvement. In contrast, male sex or having atrial fibrillation/flutter, coronary artery disease, history of myocardial infarction, presence of an implanted cardioverter‐defibrillator, and use of loop diuretics were associated with a decline in EF after previously documented improvement.

Conclusions
Continued use of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors was associated with maintaining the EF beyond the initial improvement phase.
Coagulation Factor Expression and Composition of Arterial Thrombi in Cancer-Associated Stroke
Authors: Yoo Joonsang , Kwon Il , Kim Sungeun , Kim Hye Min , Kim Young Dae , Nam Hyo Suk , Heo Ji Hoe 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Cancer is associated with an increased risk of stroke. Tumor cells activate platelets, induce a coagulation cascade, and generate thrombin. The composition of thrombi may reflect the mechanism of thrombosis, aiding the determination of the treatment strategy. Here, we investigated the composition and expression of coagulation factors in the thrombi of patients with cancer-associated stroke.

METHODS:
Patients with stroke who underwent endovascular thrombectomy between September 2014 and June 2020 and whose cerebral thrombi were obtained were divided into those with cancer-associated stroke (cancer group) and propensity score–matched patients without cancer (control group), using 1:1 matching based on age and sex. Immunohistochemistry was performed of the thrombi, and the composition and expression of coagulation factors were compared between groups.

RESULTS:

Among the 320 patients who underwent endovascular thrombectomy and who had thrombi obtained, this study included 23 patients with cancer and 23 matched controls. In both groups, the median age was 65 years, and 12 patients (52.2%) were men. Platelet composition was significantly higher in the cancer group than in the control group (median [interquartile range], 51.3% [28.0%–61.4%] versus 9.5% [4.8%–14.0%];
P
<0.001). Among coagulation factors, thrombin (26.2% [16.2%–52.7%] versus 4.5% [1.3%–7.2%];
P
<0.001) and tissue factors (0.60% [0.34%–2.06%] versus 0.37% [0.22%–0.60%];
P
=0.024) were higher and factor X was lower (1.25% [0.39%–3.60%] versus 2.33% [1.67%–4.48%];
P
=0.034) in the cancer group. There was a positive correlation between thrombin and platelets in the cancer group (r=0.666;
P
=0.001) but not in the control group (r=−0.167;
P
=0.627).

CONCLUSIONS:
Cerebral thrombi in patients with cancer-associated stroke showed higher proportions of platelets, thrombin, and tissue factors, suggesting their key roles in arterial thrombosis in cancer and providing a therapeutic perspective for preventing stroke in patients with cancer-associated stroke.
Can Personnel Policy Improve Teacher Quality? The Role of Evaluation and the Impact of Exiting Low-Performing Teachers
Authors: Sartain Lauren , Steinberg Matthew P. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Historically, teacher evaluation systems have identified few teachers as low-performing and needing improvement. In 2012, at the beginning of a national reform movement, Chicago Public Schools implemented its overhauled evaluation system, which incorporated multiple measures of teaching practice and dismissal plans for low-rated teachers. We find that the reform increased the exit rate of low-rated tenured teachers by 50 percent. At the same time, the teachers who replaced the exited teachers were significantly higher-performing. Ultimately, the accountability function of the reformed teacher evaluation policy resulted in higher teaching quality. However, the policy impact was limited because very few teachers received low ratings under the reformed system. Policy simulation results suggest that the available teacher labor supply is likely sufficient to set a higher standard for satisfactory teaching.
A Shared Intuitive (Mis)understanding of Psychophysical Law Leads Both Novices and Educated Students to Believe in a Just Noticeable Difference (JND)
Authors: Sanford Emily M. , Halberda Justin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Humans are both the scientists who discover psychological laws and the thinkers who behave according to those laws. Oftentimes, when our natural behavior is in accord with those laws, this dual role serves us well: our intuitions about our own behavior can serve to inform our discovery of new laws. But, in cases where the laws that we discover through science do not agree with the intuitions and biases we carry into the lab, we may find it harder to believe in and adopt those laws. Here, we explore one such case. Since the founding of psychophysics, the notion of a Just Noticeable Difference (JND) in perceptual discrimination has been ubiquitous in experimental psychology—even in spite of theoretical advances since the 1950’s that argue that there can be no such thing as a threshold in perceiving difference. We find that both novices and psychologically educated students alike misunderstand the JND to mean that, below a certain threshold, humans will be unable to tell which of two quantities is greater (e.g., that humans will be completely at chance when trying to judge which is heavier, a bag with 3000 grains of sand or 3001). This belief in chance performance below a threshold is inconsistent with psychophysical law. We argue that belief in a JND is part of our intuitive theory of psychology and is therefore very difficult to dispel.
Metataeniacanthus suggrundi sp. nov. (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Taeniacanthidae) recovered from Suggrundus meerdervoorti (Bleeker, 1860) (Actinopterygii) in Japan
Authors: Izawa Kunihiko 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Metataeniacanthus suggrundi sp. nov. is described based on a single specimen of the female recovered from the inner surface of the operculum of Suggrundus meerdervoorti (Bleeker, 1860) (Perciformes, Platycephalidae) in Japan. S. meerdervoorti is a new host for the genus.
Seasonal resting metabolic rate in Platorchestia platensis (Amphipoda, Talitridae)
Authors: Wildish D. J. , Durante J. , Asnicar D. , De Jourdan B. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Populations of Platorchestia platensis were collected throughout the annual season at Indian Point (N.B., Canada), then acclimated (wrack or driftwood) and oxygen uptake measurements were made on individuals at standard temperature (approx. 19°C) and lighting conditions (1212-hour lightdark). P. platensis reduces resting rate (= standard metabolic rate, SMR) and growth and reproduction cease (diapause) during the colder months. SMR and growth begin increasing when the warm season starts towards the end of March at Indian Point. Wrack-acclimated P. platensis SMR peaks near the summer solstice in June and a month later for driftwood-acclimated populations. The SMR of wrack-acclimated P. platensis at 45°N begins dropping, following the June peak, towards a period of overwintering dormancy (= diapause) to be reached near the vernal equinox in September. Wrack-acclimated populations of P. platensis in winter maintain their inverse metabolic relationship with size. During winter in driftwood-acclimated populations, the relationship with weight is lost.
Radiobiological studies on fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Supreeth G. Sham , Hanchinal S.G. , Bheemanna M. , Hosamani Arunkumar , Haveri Rachappa V. , Nidagundi J.M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith, 1797) is a notorious invasive pest causing significant economic damage to various crops. The extensive damage caused by this pest has created havoc in India and has become a nightmare for farmers. The management steps taken for controlling the pest have become futile. There are several instances depicting the failure of conventional management tactics, viz resistance against insecticides and transgenic maize lines paving the way for exploiting newer paradigms of pest management. Hence, a novel approach through the use of gamma irradiation against the pest was attempted. A dose-response trial encompassing doses from 50 to 200 Gy was employed to study the adverse effects of gamma irradiation on the biology of fall armyworm. The irradiated insects were crossed with their counterpart and the developmental profile of progeny was analysed. The obtained results were quite promising and showed a significant effect on the biology of the pest with progression of the irradiation dose. When females were exposed to irradiation and crossed with fertile counterparts, fecundity decreased with an increase in irradiation dose. A considerable increase in the egg, larval and pupal period was observed at 100 and 150 Gy. This decreased fecundity reduces the pest’s build-up in the field and the prolonged developmental period make the pest more prone to biotic and abiotic annihilation factors. Hence, the above-mentioned strategy has plausible applications in the near future and this tool can better be fitted into area-wide integrated pest management programmes.
Tricontinental Reverberations: Anti-Imperialist Solidarity in the International War Crimes Tribunal on Vietnam
Authors: Christoph Lena C. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In 1967, amid the U.S. war in Vietnam, distinguished leftist intellectuals and activists gathered in Sweden and Denmark to establish the first citizens’ tribunal. Initiated by the philosopher Bertrand Russell, the purpose of the International War Crimes Tribunal (iwct) was to put the U.S. government on trial for its military actions in Southeast Asia. This article has two objectives. First, it argues that this activist endeavour was embedded in a larger internationalist movement against Western imperialism, namely Tricontinentalism, of which the war in Vietnam was a connecting factor. Second, the article investigates the tribunal as a manifestation of the solidarity that the New Left in the West maintained with revolutionary movements in the Third World. It aims to show the utility of the theoretical concept of political solidarity, most thoroughly elaborated by Sally J. Scholz, for the global history analysis of social justice movements. At the same time, it contends the necessity of additional parameters when studying manifestations of political solidarity in a post- and settler-colonial context, drawing on new scholarship on colonial-sensitive solidarity. By carving out the specificities of this case of activism on the theoretical ground, this investigation also highlights the importance, advantages, and pitfalls of political anti-imperialist solidarity.