bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulating Narrow Bandgap in a Diacetylene Functionalized Woven Covalent Organic Framework as a Visible Light Responsive Photocatalyst
Authors: Khojastegi Anahita , Khosropour Ahmadreza , Amirjalayer Saeed , Mosleh Imann , Abbaspourrad Alireza 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWoven covalent organic frameworks (COF) possess entangled 3D frameworks. The metallated version of these structures contains spatially isolated Cu(I) centers and promising optoelectronic properties because of metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (MLCT). However, despite their potential, woven COFs have not yet been investigated as photocatalysts. In this study, a new woven COF, Cu‐PhenBDA‐COF, functionalized with diacetylene bonds is developed. Cu‐PhenBDA‐COF is fully characterized, and the optoelectronic and photocatalytic properties are compared to previously reported Cu‐COF‐505. The diacetylene bonds of the linker positively impact the optoelectronic properties of Cu‐PhenBDA‐COF and result in a narrower bandgap and better charge separation efficiency. When the Cu(I) center is removed from both woven COFs, the absorption edge is blueshifted, resulting in a wider bandgap, and there is a considerable decrease in the charge separation efficiency, underscoring the pivotal role of MLCT. This trend is reflected in the photocatalytic activity of the woven COFs toward the degradation of sulfamethoxazole in water, where the highest reaction rate constant (kapp) is recorded for the metallated diacetylene functionalized woven COF, Cu‐PhenBDA‐COF.
Thermo‐Mechanically Stable, Liquid Metal Embedded Soft Materials for High‐Temperature Applications
Authors: Herbert Robert , Mocny Piotr , Zhao Yuqi , Lin Ting‐Chih , Zhang Junbo , Vinciguerra Michael , Surprenant Sunny , Chan Wui Yarn Daphne , Kumar Swarun , Bockstaller Michael R. , Matyjaszewski Krzysztof , Majidi Carmel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLiquid‐metal embedded elastomers (LMEEs) have been demonstrated to show a variety of excellent properties, including high toughness, dielectric constant, and thermal conductivity, with applications across soft electronics and robotics. However, within this scope of use cases, operation in extreme environments – such as high‐temperature conditions – may lead to material degradation. While prior works highlight the functionality of LMEEs, there is limited insight on the thermal stability of these soft materials and how the effects of liquid metal (LM) inclusions depend on temperature. Here, the effects on thermal stability, including mechanical and electrical properties, of LMEEs are introduced. Effects are characterized for both fluoroelastomer and other elastomer‐based composites at temperature exposures up to 325 °C, where it is shown that embedding LM can offer improvements in thermo‐mechanical stability. Compared to elastomer like silicone rubber that has been previously used for LMEEs, a fluoroelastomer matrix offers a higher dielectric constant and significant improvement in thermo‐mechanical stability without sacrificing room temperature properties, such as thermal conductivity and modulus. Fluoroelastomer‐LM composites offer a promising soft, multi‐functional material for high‐temperature applications, which is demonstrated here with a printed, soft heat sink and an endoscopic sensor capable of wireless sensing of high temperatures.
The Longevity of Neural Interfaces—Mechanical Oscillation of Thin Film Metal‐Based Neural Electrodes Determine Stability During Electrical Stimulation
Authors: Schulte Jennifer , Ashouri Danesh , Stieglitz Thomas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe success of bioelectronics medicine with neural implants inevitably depends on the longevity of neural interfaces where a full understanding of the associated risks serves as the first step, to begin with. Until now, failure of neural electrodes is primarily explained by extreme electrochemical reactions, whereas no direct link between electrical stimulation and mechanical deformation of microelectrodes can be proved. The research provides new quantitative evidence of electrically induced mechanical vibrations in thin film neural interfaces. This study investigates the dynamic changes in intrinsic mechanical stress in clinically used neural electrodes under electrical stimulation. Via live imaging of the electrode plane, the deformation and progressive adhesion loss of the thin film during stimulation is for the first time approved. The results reveal nano‐oscillations in the interfaces under alternating current. This hints at a direct link between electrochemical charge transfer and mechanical stability. Considering neural interfaces as resonating actuators serves as a key to assessing the stability of neural interfaces and a valuable input to a longstanding question on the associated failure mechanisms of thin film microelectrodes. It is believed, that the outcome of this work may significantly contribute to improving the future design of thin film neural interfaces and better conditioning them for life‐long reliability.
Yttrium Oxide Nanoclusters Boosted Fe‐N4 and Fe4N Electrocatalyst for Future Zinc–Air Battery
Authors: Luo Ren , Wang Rui , Cheng Yi , Meng Zihan , Wang Yuan , Guo Zhanhu , Xu Ben Bin , Xia Yannan , Tang Haolin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAtomically distributed transition metal coordinated with nitrogen is considered as a class of promising oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst. However, the challenge of ineffective distribution of Fe‐Nx active sites have been long existing, leading to low active site density and unstable performance, which needs be overcome for next generation ORR electrocatalysts. Herein, yttrium (Y) is introduced into atomically dispersed iron (Fe) nitrogen co‐doped carbon materials to integrate nanoparticles, nanoclusters, and atomic sites, which endow the Fe‐N4‐Y2O3 and Fe4N0.94‐Y2O3 (FeY‐NC) with outstanding ORR activity. The FeY‐NC achieves half‐wave potential of 0.926 and 0.809 V in alkaline and acidic condition, respectively. The kinetics current density at 0.9 V in alkaline condition is 31.2 mA cm−2, which is 7.8 times of Fe‐NC and 32.4 times of Pt/C. This outstanding activity of FeY‐NC is enabled by the generated atomic FeN4 and Fe4N nanoparticles dual active‐sites, and further the synergistic effect between the Fe‐Nx/Fe4N0.94 with Y2O3 nanoclusters are loaded on nitrogen‐doped carbon (NC) network. The superior performance of FeY‐NC is demonstrated in a primary Zinc‐air battery, deliver a peak power density of 233 mW cm−2.
Suppression of Passivation on Nickel Hydroxide in Electrocatalytic Urea Oxidization
Authors: Li Dan , Zhou Xiaomin , Ruan Qingdong , Liu Liangliang , Liu Jinyuan , Wang Bin , Wang Yinchuan , Zhang Xiaolin , Chen Rongsheng , Ni Hongwei , Huang Chao , Wang Haozhi , Chu Paul K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSurface passivation of Ni‐based electrocatalysts during the electrocatalytic urea oxidization reaction (UOR) renders them impractical and inefficient for applications requiring high current densities. Herein, an efficient strategy to suppress passivation of Ni(OH)x nanosheets is demonstrated by modulating the near‐surface properties using plasma immersion ion implantation, and more importantly, the formation threshold of the UOR‐active γ‐NiOOH phase is retained. As a result, a remarkable UOR current density of up to 470 mA cm−2 is achieved from the La ion implanted sample, due to the mitigation of passivation, increase in operando active sites, and acceleration of the catalytic kinetics. By performing a systematic assessment with a multitude of operando, quasi‐operando, and time‐varying methods, the γ‐NiOOH derived from Ni(OH)x is shown to undergo surface deprotonation at high potentials consequently leading to the occurrence of OER as well as UOR passivation. Furthermore, the implanted La ions are capable of stabilizing protons to sustain UOR.
A Drop‐By‐Drop Self‐Assembled All‐Natural Hydrogel as a Desensitizer for Rapid and Enduring Management of Dentin Hypersensitivity
Authors: Gao Wanshan , Liu Yang , Li Mingjing , Ding Mingming , Cheng Li , Ding Chunmei , Yang Jiaojiao , Li Jianshu , Luo Jun , Qiu Rongmin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a prevalent dental condition arising from the exposure of dentin tubules (DTs), leading to discomfort upon external stimuli. However, achieving swift and profound occlusion of these exposed DTs for immediate and enduring relief remains challenging due to the intricate dentin structure and oral environment. Herein, a pioneering and facile drop‐by‐drop strategy involving an in situ generated natural supramolecular hydrogel formed by self‐assembling silk fibroin (SF) and tannic acid (TA) within the narrow DT space is proposed. When SF and TA aqueous solutions are applied successively to exposed dentin, they penetrate deeply within DTs and coassemble into compact gels, robustly adhering to DT walls. This yields a rapid and compact occlusion effect with an unprecedented depth exceeding 250 µm, maintaining stable occlusion efficacy even under rigorous in vitro and in vivo erosion and friction conditions for no less than 21 days. Furthermore, the biocompatibility and effective occlusion properties are verified through cell studies in simulated oral settings and an in vivo rabbit model. This study, for the first time, demonstrates the translational potential of hydrogel‐based desensitizers in treating DH with prompt action, superior occlusion depth and enduring treatment benefits, holding promise as clinical‐friendly restorative solutions for delicate‐structured biosystems.
Heterojunction Engineering of Multinary Metal Sulfide‐Based Photocatalysts for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Song Yiming , Zheng Xinlong , Yang Yuqi , Liu Yuhao , Li Jing , Wu Daoxiong , Liu Weifeng , Shen Yijun , Tian Xinlong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPhotocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) via water splitting using semiconductor photocatalysts is an effective path to solve the current energy crisis and environmental pollution. Heterojunction photocatalysts, containing two or more semiconductors, exhibit better PHE rates than those with only one semiconductor owing to the altered band alignment at the interface and stronger driving force for charge separation. Traditional binary metal sulfide (BMS)‐based heterojunction photocatalysts, such as CdS, MoS2, and PbS, demonstrate excellent PHE performance. However, the recently developed multinary metal sulfide (MMS)‐based photocatalysts possess favorable chemical stability, tunable band structure, and flexible element compositions, and have considerable potential to realize higher PHE rates than those of BMSs. In this review article, the mechanism of PHE is first elucidated and then various single and heterojunction MMS‐based photocatalysts and their charge transfer behaviors and PHE performances are systematically summarized. A perspective on potential future research directions in this field is concluded.
DNA Nanomaterial‐Empowered Surface Engineering of Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Yao Xuxiang , He Dongdong , Wei Pengyao , Niu Zitong , Chen Hao , Li Lin , Fu Pan , Wang Yiting , Lou Saiyun , Qian Sihua , Zheng Jianping , Zuo Guokun , Wang Kaizhe 
Published: December 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell‐secreted biological nanoparticles that are critical mediators of intercellular communication. They contain diverse bioactive components, which are promising diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic agents. Their nanosized membrane‐bound structures and innate ability to transport functional cargo across major biological barriers make them promising candidates as drug delivery vehicles. However, the complex biology and heterogeneity of EVs pose significant challenges for their controlled and actionable applications in diagnostics and therapeutics. Recently, DNA molecules with high biocompatibility emerge as excellent functional blocks for surface engineering of EVs. The robust Watson–Crick base pairing of DNA molecules and the resulting programmable DNA nanomaterials provide the EV surface with precise structural customization and adjustable physical and chemical properties, creating unprecedented opportunities for EV biomedical applications. This review focuses on the recent advances in the utilization of programmable DNA to engineer EV surfaces. The biology, function, and biomedical applications of EVs are summarized and the state‐of‐the‐art achievements in EV isolation, analysis, and delivery based on DNA nanomaterials are introduced. Finally, the challenges and new frontiers in EV engineering are discussed.
N‐Carbon‐Doped Binary Nanophase of Metal Oxide/Metal–Organic Framework for Extremely Sensitive and Selective Gas Response
Authors: Min Hyegi , Kwon Ohchan , Lee Jihyun , Choi Eunji , Kim Jihee , Lee Nahyeon , Eum Kiwon , Lee Kyu Hyoung , Kim Dae Woo , Lee Wooyoung 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs), which are highly ordered structures exhibiting sub‐nanometer porosity, possess significant potential for diverse gas applications. However, their inherent insulative properties limit their utility in electrochemical gas sensing. This investigation successfully modifies the electrical conductivity of zeolitic imidazolte framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) employing a straightforward surface oxidation methodology. A ZIF‐8 polycrystalline layer is applied on a wafer‐scale oxide substrate and subjects to thermal annealing at 300 °C under ambient air conditions, resulting in nanoscale oxide layers while preserving the fundamental properties of the ZIF‐8. Subsequent exposure to NO2 instigates the evolution of an electrically interconnected structure with the formation of electron‐rich dopants derived from the decomposition of nitrogen‐rich organic linkers. The N‐carbon‐hybridized ZnO/ZIF‐8 device demonstrates remarkable sensitivity (≈130 ppm−1) and extreme selectivity in NO2 gas detection with a lower detection limit of 0.63 ppb under 150 °C operating temperature, surpassing the performance of existing sensing materials. The exceptional performances result from the Debye length scale dimensionality of ZnO and the high affinity of ZIF‐8 to NO2. The methodology for manipulating MOF conductivity through surface oxidation holds the potential to accelerate the development of MOF‐hybridized conductive channels for a variety of electrical applications.
Highly Potent and Low‐Volume Concentration Additives for Durable Aqueous Zinc Batteries: Machine Learning‐Enabled Performance Rationalization
Authors: Shang Yuan , Kundi Varun , Pal Ipsita , Kim Ha Na , Zhong Haoyin , Kumar Priyank , Kundu Dipan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe essential virtues of aqueous zinc battery chemistry stem from the energy‐dense zinc metal anode and mild aqueous electrolytes. Yet, their incompatibility – as exposed by zinc's corrosion and associated dendrite problem – poses a challenge to achieving improved cycle life under practically relevant parameters. While electrolyte additives are a scalable strategy, additives that can function at low volume concentrations remain elusive. Here, through screening alkanol and alkanediol chemistries, 1,2‐butanediol and pentanediol are unveiled as highly potent additives, which operate at a practical 1 volume% concentration owing to their ability to furnish dynamic solid–electrolyte interphase through pronounced interfacial filming. This unique mechanistic action renders effective corrosion and dendrite mitigation, resulting in up to five to twenty‐fold zinc cyclability enhancement with a high Coulombic efficiency (up to 99.9%) and improved full‐cell performance under demanding conditions, including at elevated temperatures. A machine learning‐based analysis is presented to rationalize the additive performance relative to critical physicochemical descriptors, which can pave the way for a rational approach to efficient additive discoveries.
Near‐Infrared Chemiluminescence Imaging of Chemotherapy‐Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Liu Jing , Huang Jingsheng , Wei Xin , Cheng Penghui , Pu Kanyi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) has a high prevalence but is poorly managed for cancer patients due to the lack of reliable and sensitive diagnostic techniques. Molecular optical imaging can provide a noninvasive way for real‐time monitoring of CIPN; However, this is not reported, likely due to the absence of optical probes capable of imaging deep into the spinal canal and possessing sufficient sensitivity for minimal dosage through local injection into the dorsal root ganglia. Herein, a near‐infrared (NIR) chemiluminophore (MPBD) with a chemiluminescence quantum yield higher than other reported probes is synthesized and a NIR activatable chemiluminescent probe (CalCL) is developed for in vivo imaging of CIPN. CalCL is constructed by caging MPBD with calpain‐cleavable peptide moiety while conjugating polyethylene glycol chain to endow water solubility. Due to the deep‐tissue penetration of chemiluminescence and specific turn‐on response of CalCL toward calpain (a hallmark of CIPN), it allows for sensitive detection of paclitaxel‐mediated CIPN in living mice, which is unattainable by fluorescence imaging. This study thus not only develops a highly efficient chemiluminescent probe, but also presents the first optical imaging approach toward high‐throughput screening of neurotoxic drugs.
Efficient Flow Synthesis of Aspirin within 2D Sub‐Nanoconfined Laminar Annealed Graphene Oxide Membranes
Authors: Li Xiang , Pang Shuai , Zhang Yuhui , Fu Jiangwei , He Guandi , Song Bo , Peng Daoling , Zhang Xiqi , Jiang Lei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aim of this work is to develop an environmentally friendly, safe, and simple route for realizing efficient preparation of aspirin. Here, inspired by enzyme synthesis in vivo, the aspirin synthesis has been realized by sub‐nanoconfined esterification with directional flow and ≈100% conversion in an unprecedented reaction time of <6.36 s at 23 °C. Such flow esterification reaction is catalyzed by thermally transformed graphene oxide (GO) membranes with tailored physicochemical properties, which can be obtained simply through a mild annealing method. A possible mechanism is revealed by density functional theory calculation, indicating that the synergistic effect of spatial confinement and surface electronic structure can significantly improve the catalytic performance. By restricting reactants within 2D sub‐nano space created by GO‐based laminar flow‐reactors, the present strategy provides a new route to achieve rapid flow synthesis of aspirin with nearly complete conversion.
Bulk Schottky Junctions‐Based Flexible Triboelectric Nanogenerators to Power Backscatter Communications in Green 6G Networks
Authors: He Yilin , Goay Amus Chee Yuen , Yuen Anthony Chun Yin , Mishra Deepak , Zhou Yang , Lu Teng , Wang Danyang , Liu Yun , Boyer Cyrille , Wang Chun H. , Zhang Jin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis work introduces a novel method to construct Schottky junctions to boost the output performance of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). Perovskite barium zirconium titanate (BZT) core/metal silver shell nanoparticles are synthesized to be embedded into electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene (PVDF‐HFP) nanofibers before they are used as tribo‐negative layers. The output power of TENGs with composite fiber mat exhibited >600% increase compared to that with neat polymer fiber mat. The best TENG achieved 1339 V in open‐circuit voltage, 40 µA in short‐circuit current and 47.9 W m−2 in power density. The Schottky junctions increased charge carrier density in tribo‐layers, ensuring a high charge transfer rate while keeping the content of conductive fillers low, thus avoiding charge loss and improving performance. These TENGs are utilized to power radio frequency identification (RFID) tags for backscatter communication (BackCom) systems, enabling ultra‐massive connectivity in the 6G wireless networks and reducing information communications technology systems’ carbon footprint. Specifically, TENGs are used to provide an additional energy source to the passive tags. Results show that TENGs can boost power for BackCom and increase the communication range by 386%. This timely contribution offers a novel route for sustainable 6G applications by exploiting the expanded communication range of BackCom tags.
Maximizing Performance and Stability of Organic Solar Cells at Low Driving Force for Charge Separation
Authors: Lüer Larry , Wang Rong , Liu Chao , Dube Henry , Heumüller Thomas , Hauch Jens , Brabec Christoph J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThanks to the development of novel electron acceptor materials, the power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices are now approaching 20%. Further improvement of PCE is complicated by the need for a driving force to split strongly bound excitons into free charges, causing voltage losses. This review discusses recent approaches to finding efficient OPV systems with minimal driving force, combining near unity quantum efficiency (maximum short circuit currents) with optimal energy efficiency (maximum open circuit voltages). The authors discuss apparently contradicting results on the amount of exciton binding in recent literature, and approaches to harmonize the findings. A comprehensive view is then presented on motifs providing a driving force for charge separation, namely hybridization at the donor:acceptor interface and polarization effects in the bulk, of which quadrupole moments (electrostatics) play a leading role. Apart from controlling the energies of the involved states, these motifs also control the dynamics of recombination processes, which are essential to avoid voltage and fill factor losses. Importantly, all motifs are shown to depend on both molecular structure and process conditions. The resulting high dimensional search space advocates for high throughput (HT) workflows. The final part of the review presents recent HT studies finding consolidated structure–property relationships in OPV films and devices from various deposition methods, from research to industrial upscaling.
The Sympathetic‐Immune Milieu in Metabolic Health and Diseases: Insights from Pancreas, Liver, Intestine, and Adipose Tissues
Authors: Ren Wenran , Hua Meng , Cao Fang , Zeng Wenwen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSympathetic innervation plays a crucial role in maintaining energy balance and contributes to metabolic pathophysiology. Recent evidence has begun to uncover the innervation landscape of sympathetic projections and sheds light on their important functions in metabolic activities. Additionally, the immune system has long been studied for its essential roles in metabolic health and diseases. In this review, the aim is to provide an overview of the current research progress on the sympathetic regulation of key metabolic organs, including the pancreas, liver, intestine, and adipose tissues. In particular, efforts are made to highlight the critical roles of the peripheral nervous system and its potential interplay with immune components. Overall, it is hoped to underscore the importance of studying metabolic organs from a comprehensive and interconnected perspective, which will provide valuable insights into the complex mechanisms underlying metabolic regulation and may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases.