bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Searching large collections of recorded speech: A preliminary study
Authors: Kim Jinmook , Oard Douglas W. , Soergel Dagobert 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis paper reports on an exploratory study of the criteria searchers use when judging the relevance of recorded speech from radio programs and the attributes of a recording on which those judgments are based. Five volunteers each performed three searches using two systems (NPR Online and SpeechBot) for three questions and judged the relevance of the results. Data were collected through observation and screen capture, think aloud, and interviews; coded; and analyzed by looking for patterns. Criteria used as a basis for selection were found to be similar to those observed in relevance studies with printed materials, but the attributes used as a basis for assessing those criteria were found to exhibit modality‐specific characteristics. For example, audio replay was often found to be necessary when assessing story genre (e.g., report, interview, commentary) because of limitations in presently available metadata. Participants reported a strong preference for manually prepared summaries over passages extracted from automatic speech recognition transcripts, and consequential differences in search behavior were observed between the two conditions. Some important implications for interface and component design are drawn, such as the utility of summaries at multiple levels of detail in view of the difficulty of skimming imperfect transcripts and the potential utility of automatic speaker identification to support authority judgments in systems.
An analysis of Web image queries for search
Authors: Pu Hsiao‐Tieh 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis study examines the differences between Web image and textual queries, and attempts to develop an analytic model to investigate their implications for Web image retrieval systems. A large number of Web queries from image and textual search engines were analyzed and compared based on their factual characteristics, query types, and search interests. A feasible analytic model employing the concepts of uniqueness and refinement was adapted to categorize query types and analyze the characteristics of failed queries. Useful results include the findings that image requests may have higher specificity and contain more refined queries (especially among failed queries), and that the queries were refined more by interpretive attributes than by reactive and perceptual attributes. Current text retrieval technology is not capable of fulfilling such complex image requests. It is suggested that there is a need to increase the number of appropriate annotations for Web images and to utilize more advanced retrieval techniques for more effective Web image searching. Few previous large‐scale studies have investigated visual information retrieval using image search engines. Thus, this study provides results that might enhance our understanding of Web image searching behavior and suggests implications for the improvement of current Web image search engines.
Image querying by image professionals
Authors: Jörgensen Corinne , Jörgensen Peter 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis paper reports the analysis of search logs from a commercial image provider over a one‐month period and discusses the results in relation to previous findings. The study analyzes image searches, image queries composing the search, user search modification strategies, results returned, and user browsing of results. Unique term searches are less frequent than earlier research has shown, with more descriptive and thematic queries occurring. Boolean searching, while heavily employed, appears to be ineffective and leads to query modifications. While there was a large amount of query modification (55.8% of queries), the tactics overall do not appear to be carefully thought out but rather seem to be largely experimental. Given the willingness to modify queries but the inability to do so, much more support for query modification could be offered.
Typology of ambiguity on representation of information problem: An exploratory study
Authors: Kim Yang‐Woo 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe paper is divided into three parts. The first part develops a framework explaining the need to disambiguate user inquiries to improve information systems and services. Theoretical grounds for this framework are explained for how questions are categorized based on their ambiguity type, while the relevant literature is briefly reviewed. The second part categorizes a set of questions, originally collected for TREC 8 QA Track, according to ambiguity type. Three types and two dimensions of ambiguity are identified by the author. The last part discusses three aspects of retrieval systems and services, based on the results of categorization: 1) increasing user input to make initial queries less ambiguous; 2) reducing search space by disambiguating queries; and 3) clustering search results based on the characteristics of prospective answers.
Use scenarios in the development of the Alexandria Digital Earth Prototype (ADEPT)
Authors: Gazan Rich , Leazer Gregory H. , Borgman Christine L. , Gilliland‐Swetland Anne J. , Smart Laura , Ancona Dan , Nilsson Rachel Michael 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA user‐centered, iterative design philosophy requires a common language between users, designers and builders to translate user needs into buildable specifications. This paper details the rationale, evolution and implementation of use scenarios—structured narrative descriptions of envisioned system use—in the development of the Alexandria Digital Earth Prototype. This paper discusses the strengths of the scenario approach, obstacles to their use, and lessons learned in the overall development process.
Usability in practice: Avoiding pitfalls and seizing opportunities. Sponsored by SIG USE
Authors: Bias Randolph G. , Wildemuth Barbara M. , Druin Allison , Hirsh Sandra G. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis panel brings together experts in usability engineering who draw on their research and experiences to present practical advice about what to avoid when performing usability tests and how to take advantage of opportunities afforded by usability testing.
User‐centered design: Science or window dressing?. Sponsored by SIG HCI
Authors: Stefl‐Mabry Joette , Belkin Nicholas , Dillon Andrew , Marchionini Gary 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDesigning information systems with the user in mind, generally referred to as ‘user‐centered design’ has become an established goal of much of the work in information science. According to this approach, activities such as user studies, usability evaluations, and user analyses (amongst others) must be performed if we are to either advance our field or design better systems. However, despite the rhetoric, user‐centered design methods are not uniform in nature, and the variability in application of the user‐centered approach is leading some researchers to question its value. Negroponte (1996) argues that good design will attract its own users, while Heninbokel et al (1996) found that adopting user‐centered approaches actually led to more problems in many designs. This panel explores the extent to which there is real substance behind the rhetoric of user‐centeredness in our research and practice, explores ways in which we can improve the quality and applicability of data and inputs from users, and engages in debate and discussion with the audience on the real values of user‐centered design for the field.
Getting your money's worth: Samuelson's general equilibrium model applied to participation in cooperative virtual reference services
Authors: Saxton Matthew L. , Janes Joseph , Mon Lorri , Harris Lydia Eato 
Published: January 2005

AbstractHow can agencies participating in a cooperative reference network determine that the value they receive from participation is greater then the effort and resources they contribute? Do private organizations or companies benefit from joining cooperatives largely composed of public institutions? Can this information be used to support decisions about the level of participation and resource‐sharing an institution is willing to provide, or provide models of cooperation that maximize benefit to multiple user populations? Samuelson's general equilibrium model on the provision of public goods attempts to identify the balance at which optimal utility of a public good or service is achieved for a given population where the environment is composed of both public and private services and different consumers place a different value of utility for a given good or service. His model is particularly appropriate to the analysis of general reference services where public agencies hope to leverage the expertise of private resources in the most economical method, private agencies want to avoid duplication of publicly available resources, and user populations widely differ in their ability to pay for such services.
Metadata for the description of broadcast assets. Sponsored by SIG CR, DL, HCI
Authors: Efthimiadis Efthimis N. , Mai Jens‐Erik , Burrows Paul E. , Leones Edrolfo , Kniesner Dan 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB) and public broadcasters consider Media Asset Management (MAM) of critical importance since without a concerted and cooperative plan to manage their vast library of content, broadcasters are unable to reach their potential for service in the digital age. The concerns for Media Asset Managmœnt, human and technical, are myriad. Media Asset Management is the framework upon which many of the largest technology projects will be built, including the future interconnection system between and among CPB member stations. It is CPB's hope that its licensees and their partners in university, museum, and library communities, will work together to contribute to Media Asset Management solutions. These issues are not unique to Public Broadcasters. Similar issues are faced by all networks at different levels of complexity.This panel will present efforts by broadcasters and media companies to deal with the creation and maintenance of metadata, indexing and controlled vocabularies required for effective Media Asset Management of broadcasts.Panelist will provide perspectives of their organization or project, for example, the CPB's PB Core metadata element set, which is currently under development; the Disney Nomenclature Registry at Disney Corporation; and the ViDe (video access group) MPEG‐7 and Dublin Core mapping.
Sharing and accessing Internet resources across barriers of nation, language, and collection. Sponsored by SIG III, MGT
Authors: Vaughan Liwen , Thelwall Mike , He Shaoyi , Shreve Gregory M. , Zeng Marcia , Zhang Yin 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWhile the Internet provides great opportunities for sharing and accessing information resources globally, there are still many barriers to overcome. In this session, a group of experts will share their research in this area. Vaughan and Thelwall will present their study on national bias of information resources coverage as reflected in commercial search engines. In the area of cross‐language information retrieval, although many search engines have the capability to retrieve information in Chinese using English queries, there has not been research on evaluation of the search capabilities and retrieval performances of such search engines. Shaoyi He will fill this gap in his presentation on such evaluations. Finally, Shreve and Zeng will discuss their approach of how to use parallel metadata to provide multilingual / multicultural access to a linguistically heterogeneous collection in an NSF‐funded digital library project.
New information models for rural populations in developing countries. Sponsored by SIG III, MGT
Authors: Johnson Sue O'Neill , Comfort Kazanka , Goswami P. R. , Jain P. K. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThere is a widespread belief in the developing world that the global explosion of knowledge may ameliorate the socio‐economic conditions of the rural populace. What are the key information models that seem to be working in developing countries to remove illiteracy, and to enhance information literacy of the poor?
Exploring the dark side: Ethical implications of information technologies. Sponsored by SIG IFP, TIS, MED, ED
Authors: Morris Theodore Allan , Rosenberg Victor , Froehlich Thomas J. , Guthrie Robert , Smith Martha M. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAs information technologies (IT) integrate more seamlessly, they also raise essential ethical questions regarding access to and security of vital personal information. This panel will explore such unintended consequences of recent IT developments as economic inequality between the information rich and poor, potentials for invasions of personal privacy, and threats to democracy inherent in the proliferation of information technology.
Biomedical taxonomies/ontologies. Sponsored by SIG MED, CR
Authors: Schreur Philip , Vogel Claude , Ohkawa Hitomi , Chitty Mary 
Published: January 2005

AbstractCurrent applications of taxonomies/ontologies in biomedical information systems will be presented. Each participant will present a of case study of their taxonomy as it is currently used, desired improvements, and ongoing challenges. Similarities in user needs and critical issues will be pointed out by our respondent.
From anytime, anywhere to all‐the‐time, everywhere: Learning objects, broadband and wireless reshape digital libraries for learning and research. Sponsored by SIG STI, DL, VIS
Authors: Gregory Vicki L. , Austin Diane , Terrell Tom , Austin Richard 
Published: January 2005

AbstractLearning objects are among the latest types of materials to be included in digital libraries. These are small portions of lesson material designed to be used in multiple configurations for multiple instructional applications, ranging from distance learning to interactive simulation. As broadband and wireless technologies change the expectations and performance patterns of the user, learning objects change the nature of content and the way that it must be managed. The size and diversity of digital collections affect the options through which these materials can be accessed. Many libraries are offering wireless access to their networks and many individuals are accessing digital libraries off‐site using broadband technologies. Each of these trends affects decisions made for collection development, portal design and network design, and those decisions dictate specific technological requirements for access. This panel session highlights management and infrastructure issues of digital libraries as they relate to learning objects, broadband and wireless technologies.
Cultural variations of Internet development and use. Sponsored by SIG III
Authors: Xu Hong , Li Bin , Southwick Sílvia Barcellos , Komlodi Anita , Haidar Tracy 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe are rapidly constructing a global network infrastructure for moving information across national boundaries. Is there a universal way of developing and using the Internet across different geographic areas with different culture? The first panelist in this session will discuss cultural, economic, political systems differences between United States and China in Internet development and Internet use. Second presentation will focus on cultural and social issues in adopting Internet technology in Brazil. The next two presentations will examine how cultural background affects information seeking behavior of Web users from different culture.
Digital libraries in action: The Latin American and Caribbean experience. Sponsored by SIG DL
Authors: Quiroga Luz M. , Arias Jose , Bellemore Alberto Cabezas , Pacheco Roberto , Packer Abel Laerte , Vivas Issac , Voutssas Juan , Allard Suzanne Lorraine , Barreau Deborah 
Published: January 2005

AbstractKnowledge acquisition and dissemination can facilitate innovation and provide the engine for economic growth and development. Creating and sharing knowledge can be hindered when multiple languages are spoken in geographically diverse regions that are bound together by cultural proximity. Digital libraries help provide the information infrastructure and technology to overcome these challenges and facilitate knowledge sharing by encouraging collaboration and providing information access. This interactive panel session features experts who are working on the frontlines building and implementing programs that utilize DLs to meet these goals in Latin America and the Caribbean. These projects address technical issues related to cross‐lingual access, interoperability, and usability as well as organizational issues related to sharing and integrating research and development streams.
New library handheld programs and services. Sponsored by SIG III, IFP
Authors: Williams Joe M. , Osegueda Laura M. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe session details seven Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) implementations at Texas A&M University (TAMU) and/or North Carolina State University (NCSU) Libraries. These seven examples represent new levels of library service for PDA users that focus on physically implementing handhelds, creating original content and resources, and building collaborative programs. The session outlines the Libraries' motivation for developing each service, the challenges posed by each implementation, and the Libraries' approach to each challenge. User responses to each service are also discussed. The specific implementations detailed are: 1. Issuing Handhelds in Distance Education (TAMU); 2. Distributing Wireless PDAs for Clinical and Classroom Use (NCSU); 3. PDA and Ebook Circulation Programs (NCSU & TAMU); 4. Public PDA Syncing Stations (NCSU & TAMU); 5. Handheld Resources in Medical Curriculum Project (TAMU); 6. PDA Web Channels (NCSU & TAMU); 7. PDA Library Resources (NCSU & TAMU). PDA Library resources include handheld OPAC searching, advanced instruction, and PDA technical support. In some cases, existing Library resources or services have evolved to include PDA elements, while others have been created specifically for PDA users. The session concludes with a discussion of future services and challenges, and a brief question and answer period.
Schwann cells upregulate vascular endothelial growth factor secondary to chronic nerve compression injury
Authors: Gupta Ranjan , Gray Michael , Chao Tom , Bear David , Modafferi Edward , Mozaffar Tahseen 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTo better understand the pathogenesis of chronic nerve compression injuries, we investigated the possibility that Schwann cell production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is responsible for the increased vascularity and Schwann cell proliferation associated with chronic nerve injury. In situ hybridization was used to evaluate VEGF mRNA production with immunohistochemistry to further localize the production of VEGF and its receptor proteins in an animal model of chronic nerve compression injury. VEGF mRNA and protein expression increased within Schwann cells as early as 2 weeks after compression and peaked by 1 month with a subsequent marked increase in the number of blood vessels. Thus, chronic nerve compression injury induces Schwann cells to increase VEGF production, which may be responsible for changes in neural vasculature secondary to chronic nerve compression injury. With a better understanding of these nerve injuries, more effective treatments may be developed to help patients with these impairments. Muscle Nerve, 2005
Simultaneous over‐expression of the Her2/neu and PTK6 tyrosine kinases in archival invasive ductal breast carcinomas
Authors: Born Martina , Quintanilla‐Fend Leticia , Braselmann Herbert , Reich Uli , Richter Manfred , Hutzler Peter , Aubele Michaela 
Published: January 2005

AbstractExpression of eight tumour‐relevant genes was studied in formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue from 54 invasive ductal breast carcinomas using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (Q‐RT‐PCR). Seven of the genes map to chromosome 20q and are potential candidates for gene amplification and over‐expression. The Her2/neu oncogene, on chromosome 17q, was investigated in the same tumours. Increased expression was most frequent for PTK6, Her2/neu, and ADA. No other 20q candidate gene (AIB1, PTPN1, ZNF217, and PFDN4) was prominent. A significant correlation between the expression of the tyrosine kinases PTK6 and Her2/neu was detected. The frequent elevation of PTK6 expression (in 43/54 tumours), and its correlation with Her2/neu oncogene over‐expression, suggests a clinically relevant link between these two over‐expressed tyrosine kinases. Copyright © 2005 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Slow eroding biodegradable multiblock poloxamer copolymers
Authors: Ahn Jin Sun , Suh Ju Myung , Lee Minyung , Jeong Byeongmoon 
Published: January 2005

AbstractBiodegradable multiblock poloxamers (BMPs) with gel duration of 8 h to several weeks were prepared by varying their molecular weights from 4000 to 40 000 g mol−1. The molecular weight of the BMP was controlled by changing the poloxamer to coupling agent ratio. Assuming a micelle packing model of the BMP gel, as in the case of a poloxamer gel, the micelle properties and critical gel concentration of BMPs were investigated on the basis of the scaling concept. The findings suggest that the control of molecular weight by hydrolyzable groups can be a facile approach to optimize the gel properties for biomedical applications. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Influence of accelerated ageing on methacrylate‐based denture resins heterogeneity as viewed by ESR‐spin‐probe method
Authors: Bubalo Vatroslav , Jerolimov Vjekoslav , Baučić Ivo , Andreis Mladen , Veksli Zorica 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe electron‐spin‐resonance (ESR) spin‐probe method, was used to study the heterogeneity of denture resins based on poly(methyl methacrylate). Results for three resins processed by microwave energy, conventional curing and cold curing (depending on the curing procedure and exposed to ageing in various environmental conditions) were compared. All three cured resins were stored over the same time (1200 h) in distilled water at ambient temperature and in artificial saliva at 348 K. The temperature‐dependent ESR spectra of a spin probe dispersed in the denture resins are analyzed in terms of line‐shapes and line‐widths. The appearance of two spectral components was taken as an indication of resin heterogeneity. The results reveal that the cold‐cured resin has a lower local density in comparison with microwave and conventionally cured resin. The amount of residual monomer also contributes to the local motion of polymer segments. The change of denture resins exposed to ageing is influenced both by the structure of the original resin and the ageing conditions. Restricted motion of a spin probe incorporated into the acrylic resins exposed to accelerated ageing suggests additional crosslinking of polymer chains. The differences are observed for all the investigated resins, but the highest change is observed with the cold‐cured resin. The ESR results are accompanied by Tg and Tm measurements. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
The γ‐ and the δ‐effects in 13C NMR spectroscopy in terms of nuclear chemical shielding (NCS) analysis JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2004; 17: 680–685. DOI: 10.1002/poc.746
Authors: Kleinpeter Erich , Seidl Peter R. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe original article to which this Addendum refers was published in Journal of Phisycal Organic Chemistry 2004; 17: 680–685.