bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A quantitative assessment of renal function utilizing albuminuria in pediatric heart transplant recipients
Authors: Frandsen Erik L. , Kronmal Richard A. , Albers Erin A. , Friedland‐Little Joshua M. , Hong Borah J. , Spencer Katherine L. , Hingorani Sangeeta R. , Law Yuk M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionKidney disease is common after pediatric heart transplantation. Serum creatinine‐based glomerular filtration rate is the most frequently reported measure of kidney function. Albuminuria is an additional marker of kidney dysfunction and is not well described in this population. In this study, we evaluate the prevalence and degree of albuminuria and describe clinical factors associated with albuminuria in a cohort of pediatric heart transplant recipients.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of pediatric heart transplant recipients. Albuminuria was assessed using spot urine albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio collected at the most recent annual screening cardiac catheterization through August 2019.ResultsIn 115 patients at a median duration of 10.2 years post‐transplant, 39% had albuminuria. Stage 3 or greater chronic kidney disease was present in 6%. The immunosuppressive regimen at the time of measurement contained a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) in 88% and a proliferation signal inhibitor (PSI) in 62%. In multivariable modeling, lower eGFR, PSI use, and younger age at transplant were associated with higher levels of albuminuria, whereas CNI use was associated with lower levels of albuminuria.ConclusionAlbuminuria is a prevalent finding in medium‐term follow up of pediatric heart transplant recipients, reflecting kidney injury, and is associated with other markers of kidney dysfunction, such as low eGFR. Younger age at transplant, lower eGFR, and PSI use were among the associations with albuminuria.
A retrospective analysis of anticoagulant safety among heart transplant recipients undergoing endomyocardial biopsy
Authors: Stock James Christian , Carlquist Jason , Melnyk Megan , Smith Sakima , Bole Indra , Patel Vaiibhav , Emani Sitaramesh , Foreman Beth , Hasan Ayesha , Franco Veronica , Lampert Brent Charles , Haas Garrie Joseph , Vallakati Ajay , Ma Jianing , Peng Jing , Boudoulas Konstantinos Dean , Kahwash Rami 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundTransvenous endomyocardial biopsy is an invasive procedure which is used to diagnose rejection following an orthotopic heart transplant. Endomyocardial biopsy is widely regarded as low risk with all‐cause complication rates below 5% in most safety studies. Following transplant, some patients require therapeutic anticoagulation. It is unknown whether anticoagulation increases endomyocardial biopsy bleeding risk.MethodsRecords from 2061 endomyocardial biopsies performed for post‐transplant rejection surveillance at our institution between November 2016 and August 2022 were reviewed. Bleeding complications were defined as vascular access‐related hematoma or bleeding, procedure‐related red blood cell transfusion, and new pericardial effusion. Relative risk and small sample‐adjusted 95% confidence interval was calculated to investigate the association between bleeding complications and anticoagulation.Results and ConclusionsThe overall risk of bleeding was 1.2% (25/2061 cases). There was a statistically significant increase in bleeding among patients on intravenous (RR 4.46, CI 1.09–18.32) but not oral anticoagulants (RR .62, CI .15–2.63) compared to patients without anticoagulant exposure. There was a trend toward increased bleeding among patients taking warfarin with INR ≥ 1.8 (RR 3.74, CI .90–15.43). Importantly, no bleeding events occurred in patients taking direct oral anticoagulants such as apixaban. Based on these results, intravenous rather than oral anticoagulation was associated with a significantly higher risk of bleeding complications following endomyocardial biopsy.
Hebbian learning can explain rhythmic neural entrainment to statistical regularities
Authors: Endress Ansgar D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn many domains, learners extract recurring units from continuous sequences. For example, in unknown languages, fluent speech is perceived as a continuous signal. Learners need to extract the underlying words from this continuous signal and then memorize them. One prominent candidate mechanism is statistical learning, whereby learners track how predictive syllables (or other items) are of one another. Syllables within the same word predict each other better than syllables straddling word boundaries. But does statistical learning lead to memories of the underlying words—or just to pairwise associations among syllables? Electrophysiological results provide the strongest evidence for the memory view. Electrophysiological responses can be time‐locked to statistical word boundaries (e.g., N400s) and show rhythmic activity with a periodicity of word durations. Here, I reproduce such results with a simple Hebbian network. When exposed to statistically structured syllable sequences (and when the underlying words are not excessively long), the network activation is rhythmic with the periodicity of a word duration and activation maxima on word‐final syllables. This is because word‐final syllables receive more excitation from earlier syllables with which they are associated than less predictable syllables that occur earlier in words. The network is also sensitive to information whose electrophysiological correlates were used to support the encoding of ordinal positions within words. Hebbian learning can thus explain rhythmic neural activity in statistical learning tasks without any memory representations of words. Learners might thus need to rely on cues beyond statistical associations to learn the words of their native language.Research Highlights
Statistical learning may be utilized to identify recurring units in continuous sequences (e.g., words in fluent speech) but may not generate explicit memory for words.
Exposure to statistically structured sequences leads to rhythmic activity with a period of the duration of the underlying units (e.g., words).
I show that a memory‐less Hebbian network model can reproduce this rhythmic neural activity as well as putative encodings of ordinal positions observed in earlier research.
Direct tests are needed to establish whether statistical learning leads to declarative memories for words.
Designence® 2.0: Strategic Design for a Responsible Future in Action
Authors: de Mozota Brigitte Borja , Collignon Hervé , Valade‐Amland Steinar 
Published: February 2024

Design, design management and design thinking as drivers of innovation and as means to enhance organizational performance are only now, however slowly, being taken seriously by private sector service providers and manufacturing industries, the public sector, and third sector organizations.Like everything else, the field of design changes to keep pace with the world around us. Learn about a unique tool that facilitates an examination of an organization's vision and mission in relation to the powers of design.
Transformation by Human‐Centered System Design
Authors: Lee Sheng‐Hung 
Published: February 2024

Centering humans within larger systems to design services, products, and experiences can help designers create solutions with a “human temperature,” business value, and social impact.Change is all around us and often impacts our lives in disruptive ways. What if designers, in addition to using human‐centered design, took a multidisciplinary approach to create systemic solutions to help solve the complex problems we face?
Association of tameness and sociability but no sign of domestication syndrome in mice selectively bred for active tameness
Authors: Venkatachalam Bharathi , Biswa Bhim B. , Nagayama Hiromichi , Koide Tsuyoshi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDomesticated animals have been developed by selecting desirable traits following the initial unconscious selection stage, and now exhibit phenotypes desired by humans. Tameness is a common behavioural trait found in all domesticated animals. At the same time, these domesticated animals exhibit a variety of morphological, behavioural, and physiological traits that differ from their wild counterparts of their ancestral species. These traits are collectively referred to as domestication syndrome. However, whether this phenomenon exists is debatable. Previously, selective breeding has been used to enhance active tameness, a motivation to interact with humans, in wild heterogeneous stock mice derived from eight wild inbred strains. In the current study, we used tame mice to study how selective breeding for active tameness affects behavioural and morphological traits. A series of behavioural and morphological analyses on mice showed an increased preference for social stimuli and a longer duration of engagement in non‐aggressive behaviour. However, no differences were observed in exploratory or anxiety‐related behaviours. Similarly, selection for tameness did not affect ultrasonic vocalisations in mice, and no changes were observed in known morphological traits associated with domestication syndrome. These results suggest that there may be a link between active tameness and sociability and provide insights into the relationship between tameness and other behaviours in the context of domestication.
Trade unions, refugees and immigrant labour: Has the attitude changed? The stance of Swedish blue‐collar trade unions as evidenced by sentiment analysis
Authors: Kazlou Aliaksei , Lerpold Lin , Sjöberg Örjan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe attitude of trade unions towards migration and migrants, be it of asylum seekers or those in search of jobs and better incomes, differs substantially across European countries. No matter the original stance, a common current pattern is that of the willingness to accept migrants being eroded over time. To see whether this is the case also in a country that both proved welcoming to labour migrants and refugees during the opening decades of the new millennium, we set out to explore the attitudes of blue‐collar trade unions in Sweden. Based on a diverse set of material issuing from the unions themselves, we use sentiment analysis to assess whether there are any changes to be discerned in the opinions of the representatives of 12 blue‐collar trade unions and their national confederation. At its most general, the trend appears to turn more negative over time, yet the influence of defining events and legal changes is not so easily observed at the aggregate level. The union representing workers in the industry with the largest proportion of immigrant labour, the Hotel and Restaurant Workers' Union, is therefore selected for closer analysis. To the extent that changes can, or cannot, be observed, we relate those to major events and policy changes that have taken place over the 2010s.
Impacts of firm life cycle on bond ratings and yields
Authors: Cai Kelly , Lee Heiwai , Zhu Hui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe examine how firm life cycle affects ratings and costs of debt for public offers. We find that ratings for issuers in the introduction and decline stages are lower than those for growth and mature issuers. A similar U‐shaped relation between life stage and yield spread, after controlling for credit rating, indicates that life stage affects cost of debt through multiple channels. Costs of debt are lower for growth and mature issuers than for introduction and decline issuers. Analyses of high‐yield bonds and term to maturity suggest that the adverse effect on costs of debt for introduction and decline firms is associated with their elevated riskiness and greater information asymmetry.
Genomic analysis of Nypa fruticans elucidates its intertidal adaptations and early palm evolution
Authors: Wu Weihong , Feng Xiao , Wang Nan , Shao Shao , Liu Min , Si Fa , Chen Linhao , Jin Chuanfeng , Xu Shaohua , Guo Zixiao , Zhong Cairong , Shi Suhua , He Ziwen 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTNypa fruticans (Wurmb), a mangrove palm species with origins dating back to the Late Cretaceous period, is a unique species for investigating long‐term adaptation strategies to intertidal environments and the early evolution of palms. Here, we present a chromosome‐level genome sequence and assembly for N. fruticans. We integrated the genomes of N. fruticans and other palm family members for a comparative genomic analysis, which confirmed that the common ancestor of all palms experienced a whole‐genome duplication event around 89 million years ago, shaping the distinctive characteristics observed in this clade. We also inferred a low mutation rate for the N. fruticans genome, which underwent strong purifying selection and evolved slowly, thus contributing to its stability over a long evolutionary period. Moreover, ancient duplicates were preferentially retained, with critical genes having experienced positive selection, enhancing waterlogging tolerance in N. fruticans. Furthermore, we discovered that the pseudogenization of Early Methionine‐labelled 1 (EM1) and EM6 in N. fruticans underly its crypto‐vivipary characteristics, reflecting its intertidal adaptation. Our study provides valuable genomic insights into the evolutionary history, genome stability, and adaptive evolution of the mangrove palm. Our results also shed light on the long‐term adaptation of this species and contribute to our understanding of the evolutionary dynamics in the palm family.
Ecophysiological and genomic approaches to cyanobacterial hardening for restoration
Authors: Roncero‐Ramos Beatriz , Savaglia Valentina , Durieu Benoit , Van de Vreken Isabelle , Richel Aurore , Wilmotte Annick 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCyanobacteria inhabit extreme environments, including drylands, providing multiple benefits to the ecosystem. Soil degradation in warm drylands is increasing due to land use intensification. Restoration methods adapted to the extreme stress in drylands are being developed, such as cyanobacteria inoculation to recover biocrusts. For this type of restoration method to be a success, it is crucial to optimize the survival of inoculated cyanobacteria in the field. One strategy is to harden them to be acclimated to stressful conditions after laboratory culturing. Here, we analyzed the genome and ecophysiological response to osmotic desiccation and UVR stresses of an Antarctic cyanobacterium, Stenomitos frigidus ULC029, which is closely related to other cyanobacteria from warm and cold dryland soils. Chlorophyll a concentrations showed that preculturing ULC029 under moderate osmotic stress improved its survival during an assay of desiccation plus rehydration under UVR. Additionally, its sequential exposure to these stress factors increased the production of exopolysaccharides, carotenoids, and scytonemin. Desiccation, but not osmotic stress, increased the concentrations of the osmoprotectants trehalose and sucrose. However, osmotic stress might induce the production of other osmoprotectants, for which the complete pathways were observed in the ULC029 genome. In total, 140 genes known to be involved in stress resistance were annotated. Here, we confirm that the sequential application of moderate osmotic stress and dehydration could improve cyanobacterial hardening for soil restoration by inducing several resistance mechanisms. We provide a high‐quality genome of ULC029 and a description of the main resistance mechanisms (i.e., production of exopolysaccharides, osmoprotectants, chlorophyll, and carotenoids; DNA repair; and oxidative stress protection).
Sensitivity and specificity of LDBioAspergillusICT lateral flow assay for diagnosing allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in adult asthmatics
Authors: Sehgal Inderpaul Singh , Muthu Valliappan , Dhooria Sahajal , Prasad Kuruswamy Thurai , Rudramurthy Shivaprakash M. , Aggarwal Ashutosh Nath , Garg Mandeep , Gangneux Jean‐Pierre , Chakrabarti Arunaloke , Agarwal Ritesh 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundAspergillus fumigatus‐specific IgG estimation is crucial for diagnosing allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). A point‐of‐care LDBio immunochromatographic lateral flow assay (LFA) had 0%–90% sensitivity to detect IgG/IgM antibodies against A. fumigatus.ObjectiveTo assess the accuracy of LDBio‐LFA in diagnosing ABPA, using the modified ISHAM‐ABPA working group criteria as the reference standard. The secondary objective was to compare the diagnostic performance between LDBio‐LFA and A. fumigatus‐specific IgG (cut‐offs, 27 and 40 mgA/L), using a multidisciplinary team (blinded to A. fumigatus‐IgG and LDBio‐LFA results) diagnosis of ABPA as the reference standard.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled adult subjects with asthma and ABPA. We performed the LDBio‐LFA per the manufacturer's recommendations. We used the commercially available automated fluorescent enzyme immunoassay for measuring serum A. fumigatus‐specific IgG. We used the same serum sample to perform both index tests. The tests were performed by technicians blinded to the results of other tests and clinical diagnoses.ResultsWe included 123 asthmatic and 166 ABPA subjects, with a mean ± SD age of 37.4 ± 14.4 years. Bronchiectasis and high‐attenuation mucus were seen in 93.6% (146/156) and 24.3% (38/156) of the ABPA subjects. The sensitivity and specificity of LDBio‐LFA in diagnosing ABPA were 84.9% and 82.9%, respectively. The sensitivity of serum A. fumigatus‐specific IgG ≥27 mgA/L was 13% better than LDBio‐LFA, with no difference in specificity. There was no significant difference in sensitivity and specificity between LDBio‐LFA and serum A. fumigatus‐IgG ≥40 mgA/L.ConclusionLDBio‐LFA is a valuable test for diagnosing ABPA. However, a negative test should be confirmed using an enzyme immunoassay.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in the setting of IgA vasculitis
Authors: Fanous Noah , Clarke Emily , Levy Moise L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIgA vasculitis (IgAV), formerly known as Henoch–Scholein purpura, is a small vessel vasculitis, most commonly seen in pediatric patients, that can affect numerous internal organs including the kidneys, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and the central nervous system (CNS). CNS manifestations of this condition include hypertensive encephalopathy, thrombosis, optic neuropathy, seizures, CNS vasculitis, and a more recently described phenomenon known as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). Symptoms of PRES include hypertension, altered mental status, and seizures caused by vasogenic disruption of the blood–brain barrier, and the condition is diagnosed by characteristic edema‐related gray–white matter changes in the parieto‐occipital lobes on magnetic resonance imaging. Herein, we present a rare case of PRES as a presenting sign of IgAV to increase awareness about this unusual association.
Topographic mapping of the sensorimotor qualities of empathic reactivity: A psychophysiological study in people with spinal cord injuries
Authors: Scandola Michele , Beccherle Maddalena , Togni Rossella , Caffini Giulia , Ferrari Federico , Aglioti Salvatore Maria , Moro Valentina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe experience of empathy for pain is underpinned by sensorimotor and affective dimensions which, although interconnected, are at least in part behaviorally and neurally distinct. Spinal cord injuries (SCI) induce a massive, below‐lesion level, sensorimotor body–brain disconnection. This condition may make it possible to test whether sensorimotor deprivation alters specific dimensions of empathic reactivity to observed pain. To explore this issue, we asked SCI people with paraplegia and healthy controls to observe videos of painful or neutral stimuli administered to a hand (intact) or a foot (deafferented). The stimuli were displayed by means of a virtual reality set‐up and seen from a first person (1PP) or third person (3PP) visual perspective. A number of measures were recorded ranging from explicit behaviors like explicit verbal reports on the videos, to implicit measures of muscular activity (like EMG from the corrugator and zygomatic muscles that may represent a proxy of sensorimotor empathy) and of autonomic reactivity (like the electrodermal response and Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia that may represent a general proxy of affective empathy). While no across group differences in explicit verbal reports about the pain stimuli were found, SCI people exhibited reduced facial muscle reactivity to the stimuli applied to the foot (but not the hand) seen from the 1PP. Tellingly, the corrugator activity correlated with SCI participants' neuropathic pain. There were no across group differences in autonomic reactivity suggesting that SCI lesions may affect sensorimotor dimensions connected to empathy for pain.
Patterns of regulatory heterogeneity in international trade: Intensity, coverage, and structure
Authors: Garcés Irene , Vogt Achim 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith falling tariffs the role of regulatory heterogeneity in international trade has become central in recent debates about regional integration and trade costs. In describing the NTM incidence few studies explicitly take into account the specific nature of underlying regulatory differences. We propose distinguishing regulatory heterogeneity with respect to the intensity, coverage, and structure of regulations, and present indicators reflecting each one of these dimensions. Enabled by detailed product‐level regulatory data based on coded reviews of national legislation, we illustrate the different channels of regulatory heterogeneity on the country‐ and sector‐level. The findings motivate a separate treatment of the different heterogeneity dimensions in the assessment of non‐tariff measures in international trade.
Microaggressions in everyday life: Race, gender, and sexual orientation
Authors: de Vries Bouke 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBeing the victim of a microaggression, that is, a relatively minor act of hostility that targets someone's (marginalized) social identity, can be distressing, but so can merely being in doubt over whether one has been the victim of such aggression. To address this last problem, Regina Rini has proposed a novel understanding of microaggressions that is meant to eliminate such doubts. On her “Ambiguous Experience Account,” whenever members of marginalized groups believe they might have been subjected to a microaggression, a microaggression will have been committed even if the would‐be perpetrator was not motivated by prejudiced aggression. This article challenges this account on grounds of being incompatible with people's lived experiences, including those of the would‐be victims, and argues that we should instead accept the conventional account on which microaggressive acts must be consciously or unconsciously motivated by prejudiced aggression. At the same time, it shows that those falsely suspected of having committed microaggressions will still merit blame sometimes for having failed to signal that their behavior was respectful of others, which lessens the concerns that Rini's conceptual engineering seeks to address. I conclude by drawing out some implications for the debate on microaggressions and attributional ambiguity.