bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Naproxen Sodium Versus Ergotamine Tartrate in the Treatment of Acute Migraine Attacks
Authors: Treves T.A. , Streiffler M. , Korczyn A.D. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISA double‐blind parallel study compared the efficacy and safety of naproxen sodium (NPX) and ergotamine tartrate (ERG) as abortive therapy for acute headache in 79 patients with classical or common migraine. The design study was of the double‐blind design. Forty‐two patients completed the study. Discontinuation of treatment was generally due to lack of efficacy or adverse reactions. NPX was significantly better than ERG in the overall efficacy of treatment rated by the patients (p < 004). NPX was comparable to ERG in reducing the severity and duration of the headache and its associated symptoms. In classical migraine, NPX was better than ERG in alleviating the severity of headache. Patients in the NPX group tended to use less rescue medication. There was no significant difference in the frequency of side‐effects reported by the patients under NPX or ERG. This study demonstrates that NPX is as safe as ERG, and somewhat more effective in acute migraine attacks (although the difference is not statistically significant) and that migrainous patients tend to prefer NPX to ERG in treating their acute migraine headaches.
Fear of Pain in Recurrent Headache Sufferers
Authors: Hursey Karl G. , Jacks S. Daniel 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISWe investigated the role of fear of pain in headache sufferers using the Fear of Pain Questionnaire (FPQ). Seventy‐six headache sufferers and 58 controls completed the FPQ and measures of depression, anxiety, and anger. Headache sufferers also completed measures of stress‐related physical symptoms and coping with pain. We found that the FPQ has excellent internal consistency as well as good concurrent and construct validity indicated by the high correlations between the FPQ subscales and both anxiety and depression but low correlations with anger. There were marked differences between headache sufferers and controls on the FPQ; headache sufferers showed much greater fear of severe and medical pain and lower fear of minor pain. Fear of pain was generally not related to headache characteristics such as frequency, severity, or duration. On the other hand, it was related to headache impact such as disruption of pleasurable activities. These results are consistent with models of chronic pain disorders which emphasize the role of fear of pain over the nociceptive intensity of the pain stimulus.
The Prevalence of Cerebral Damage Varies With Migraine Type: A MRI Study
Authors: Fazekas F. , Koch M. , Schmidt R. , 0ffenbacher H. , Payer F. , Freidl W. , Lechner H. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISStudies on the prevalence of MRI signal abnormalities in the brains of migraineurs have yielded controversial results. In order to provide further data on this issue we reviewed the MRI scans of 38 migraine patients without current neurologic symptoms (mean age 35.8 ± 11.9 years). In addition, we compared the findings in those 24 migraineurs under 50 years without major cerebrovascular risk factors (mean age 30.1 ± 9.0 years) to that in 14 headache and risk factor free volunteers (mean age 37.8 ± 5.3 years). Overall, focal areas of hyperintense signal were seen in 15 (39%) patients. They were present on both proton density and T2‐weighted spin‐echo sequences. Lesion prevalence varied according to the type of headache (18% in migraine without aura, 53% in migraine with typical aura, 38% in basilar migraine). The subset of migraine patients under 50 years exhibited MRI signal abnormalities more than twice as often as controls (33% vs. 14%). Punctate white matter hyperintensities were the predominant finding and were seen in 10 of 15 individuals with MRI lesions. More striking signal abnormalities consisted of symmetrical areas of hyperintensity lateral to the posterior horns in two 24 year old patients and of extensive white matter damage with lacunar infarcts in a 59 year old woman.Our findings confirm a higher prevalence of MRI lesions in a mixed group of migraineurs than in headache free individuals. Signal abnormalities are most often non‐specific, however their occurrence relates to the type of migraine.
The Relationship of Ovarian Steroids, Headache Activity and Menstrual Distress: A Pilot Study With Female Migraineurs
Authors: Beckham Jean C. , Krug Linda M. , Penzien Donald B. , Johnson Cheryl A. , Mosley Thomas H. , Meeks G. Rodney , Pbert Lori A. , Prather Rita C. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISFourteen female volunteers who met diagnostic criteria for migraine headache monitored their headache activity and menstrual distress symptoms for one menstrual cycle. Serum estradiol and progesterone levels, and menstrual distress measures were collected at four points of the menstrual cycle: menstrual, ovulatory, luteal and premenstrual. Results indicated that one patient (7.1%) had menstrual migraine, 10 patients (71.4%) had menstrually‐related headache and 3 (21.4%) had migraine headache unrelated to their menstrual cycle: subsequent analyses were conducted with the first two groups. Headache activity for the sample was highest during the premenstrual phase. Headache activity during the luteal and premenstrual phases was related to luteal phase progesterone levels. Menstrual distress was highest during the menstrual and premenstrual phases of the cycle, and these symptoms were related to higher estradiol levels, higher estradiol/progesterone ratios, and increased headache activity. These results indicated that for women with menstrual migraine or menstrually‐related migraine, luteal progesterone levels may be significantly associated with headache activity, and estradiol and the estradiol/progesterone ratio may be significantly related to menstrual distress during the pre‐menstrual phase of the cycle. The estradiol/progesterone ratio was not more related to headache or menstrual distress than either of these ovarian hormones alone. Suggestions for future research in this area are offered.
Migraine‐associated Dizziness
Authors: Cutrer F. Michael , Baloh Robert W. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISWe reviewed the clinical histories, examinations and results of quantitative vestibular testing in 91 patients with migraine‐associated dizziness. Nausea and vomiting, hypersensitivity to motion and postural Instability accompanied the dizziness. In the majority of patients, the temporal profile of the dizziness was more typical of the headache phase of migraine than of the aura phase. Nineteen patients (20.9%) had unilateral hypoexcitability to caloric stimulation, which represents a modestly increased risk of damage to the peripheral vestibular apparatus. We propose two separate pathophysiologic mechanisms for the production of dizziness with migraine: Short‐duration vertiginous attacks lasting minutes to 2 hours and temporally associated with headache are due to the same mechanism as other aura phenomena (spreading wave of depression and/or transient vasospasm). Longer‐duration attacks of vertigo and motion sickness lasting days, with or without headache, result from the release of neuroactive peptides into peripheral and central vestibular tructures, causing an increased baseline firing of primary afferent neurons and increased sensitivity to motion.
Handling of 5‐Hydroxytryptamine by Platelets in Migraine
Authors: MacGregor E.A. , Bird N. , Ranson R. , Ridler C. , Wilkinson M.I.P. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISThere is little dispute that a link exists between 5‐hydroxy‐tryptamine (5HT) and migraine but the exact mechanism of an attack has yet to be established.The handling of 5HT by the platelet is regarded as a simple model of the handling of 5HT by nerve terminals. If differences are seen in how the platelets from migraineurs handle 5HT compared to those from a control population, it is possible that a similar difference exists in the nerve terminal.The Haemostatometer allows the rapid and simultaneous in vitro assessment of platelet function (shear‐induced haemostasis), coagulation and thrombolysis from non anticoagulated blood samples. In this study, a baseline comparison of haemostasis was made on 20 migraineurs between attacks and 20 controls. No differences were found in the results from each of the two groups. 5μM of 5HT was then added to blood taken from 10 migraineurs and 10 controls and the recordings were repeated. Again, no differences were found between the results from the two groups. In blood taken from both migraineurs and controls, the effect of 5HT was to significantly enhance clotting time and clot lysis. No effect was seen on primary aggregation. The possible reasons for and significance of these findings is discussed.
Clinical Features of Chronic Daily Headache
Authors: Solomon Seymour , Lipton Richard B. , Newman Lawrence C. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISPatients with chronic daily headaches are commonly encountered in headache specialty centers but their clinical characteristics have rarely been documented. We studied 100 consecutive patients with chronic daily headache to determine their presenting characteristics and other associated features.Half of the patients described their headache as a steady ache but throbbing pain was reported in about one third. About half estimated the degree of pain as moderate but one third claimed the typical pain was severe. A consistently unilateral site was noted in only 2 percent. Associated features characteristic of migraine were often noted: including photophobia (37 percent), phonophobia (42 percent), and nausea (24 percent). Many also reported aggravating and ameliorating factors commonly associated with migraine.We conclude that the manifestations of chronic daily headache are extremely diverse, probably reflecting the heterogeneous mechanisms which underlie this condition.
Minor Stressful Life Events (Daily Hassles) in Chronic Primary Headache: Relationship with MMPI Personality Patterns
Authors: De Benedittis G. , Lorenzetti A. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISThis study investigated the relationship between minor life events (i.e. daily hassles) and personality patterns from selected scales of MMPI in the persistence of primary headache in 83 patients. Comparisons between headache subgroups indicated that tension‐type headache patients are much more likely than those with migraine to have experienced high level of microstress (hassles density),with mixed headache in between. Tension‐type headache patients reported higher MMPI scores on scales 1, Hypochondriasis (somatic concern), scale 3, Hysteria (denial) and scale 7, Psychasthenia (anxiety), but not on scale 2 (Depression), than migrainous patients. In addition, individuals with high level of microstress appeared to be more depressed and anxious than low‐stress headache patients, scoring significantly higher on MMPI scales 2 (Depression) and 7 (Psychasthenia). As no significant differences due to sex, age, headache history and status, except for the headache density (i.e. severity x frequency) appeared, it is likely that high‐stress levels are due, at least in part, to greater density of pain, rather than to discrete headache syndromes.Our findings support the notion that depressed mood and anxiety may account for a third intervening variable in the relationship between chronic headache and life stress.
Lithium Inhibits Substance P and Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide‐Induced Relaxations on Isolated Porcine Ophthalmic Artery
Authors: Vincent Maurice B. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISLithium is currently a major drug used as a treatment for effective disorders and cluster headache, among other conditions. Its mechanism of action remains unknown. The trigeminovascular system may be involved in the pathophysiology of cluster headache and related diseases by liberating neuropeptides such as substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) in the eye‐forehead region. The objective of this study was to investigate whether or not a low concentration of lithium may interfere with peptidergic neurotransmission at this level. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), SP, CGRP, capsaicin, and SP+CGRP concentration‐response relaxation curves were obtained in the presence and absence of 2 x 10‐4 M lithium in isolated porcine ophthalmic arteries. Lithium inhibited the SP and VIP, but not the CGRP responses. Capsaicin‐ (a neurotoxin causing release of stored sensory neuropeptides) induced relaxations were partially inhibited by lithium. it is concluded that lithium may interfere with SP and VIP‐induced relaxation. If SP and VIP are of pathogenic significance in cluster headache, lithium may possibly work by counteracting unwanted effects of such peptides.
Menstrual Migraine Without Aura: Cortical Excitability to Magnetic Stimulation
Authors: Bettucci D. , Cantello R. , Gianelli M. , Naldi P. , Mutani R. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISThe purpose of the present study was the evaluation of the excitability threshold and the central motor conduction time (CCT) studied by means of electromagnetic cortical stimulation in tan subjects affected by menstrual migraine without aura, both in the ictal end the interictal period.The patients were chosen from among a group of 254 outpatients affected by migraine, diagnosed according to the International Headache Society criteria.1 The control group consisted of ten healthy female subjects. As far as CCTs were concerned no differences emerged between patients and controls. However In the patient group we found a significant increase in the excitability threshold values, both in the ictal and the interictal period, and in both hemispheres. If confirmed, the Increased excitability threshold may be a useful neurophysiological correlate of migraine without aura.
Chronic Naloxone Administration, a Potential Treatment for Migraine, Enhances Morphine‐Induced Miosis
Authors: Nicolodi Maria , Sicuteri Federigo 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISThe degree and duration of miosis, induced by low doses of parenteral morphine (65 mcg/Kg i.m.) before end after ten days of naloxone treatment, were evaluated in eleven volunteers affected by migraine without aura. Morphine induced miosis was significantly more Intense and persistent after chronic naloxone treatment than before the drug was administered. In another group of seven volunteers suffering from migraine without aura, no differences between morphine‐induced miosis, prior to and after a ten‐day treatment with placebo, were observed. In addition, a third group of fifty‐four subjects, suffering from migraine without aura, underwent three‐month naloxone treatment (150 mcg/Kg/i.m./day). All subjects Included in the third group, were partially or totally refractory to conventional therapy. Pupillopharmacological results indicate that the benefit gained from chronic administration of the opiate antagonist may be related to some type of naloxone‐induced supersensitivity of the opioid receptor population.
Does a History of Maternal Migraine or Depression Predispose Children to Headache and Stomach‐ache?
Authors: Mortimer M. J. , Kay J. , Jaron A. , Good P. A. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISThe Incidence of the life time history of both maternal mi‐graine and depression were assessed in children with headache, migraine, recurrent abdominal pain and abdominal migraine. An epidemiological survey of 1,104 children registered with a general practice was undertaken. The Incidence of maternal migraine and depression agreed with previous estimates. Children with migraine had a greater proportion of mothers with a history of migraine than those who experienced headache alone compared with controls. The survey showed that mothers with depression predisposed their children to headache but not specifically migraine. A history of maternal depression and migraine was significantly more common and proportionately higher in children with abdominal migraine and recurrent abdominal pain.
Migraine: An Informative Method Of Communication
Authors: MacGregor E.A. , Blau J.N. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISThe Keypad Audience Response System can be used to obtain simultaneous Information from a large number of people in an audience. Answers to specific questions are transmitted from a keypad (pressed by each participant) to a computer. The results are displayed on a screen within 20 seconds, expressed as percentages of total responses to each question and presented as bar diagrams or pie charts.At a meeting of the British Migraine Association, over 100 migraineurs learned how their attacks differed from, or resembled those of others. The speakers were able to clarify and discuss both questions and answers which confirmed previous findings about attack duration, prodromes, postdromes, effect of pregnancy, oral contraceptives and the menopause. Three new points emerged which merit further study:1. Hormone replacement therapy aggravated migraine in 42% of women, 27% noted an improvement, end 31% observed no alteration.2. Twenty‐five percent prefer to sit up during an attack.3. Seven percent reported prolonged attacks (3–7 days).The use of keypads at seminars or lectures is valuable in promoting enthusiastic audience participation, and the understanding of the diverse symptoms and manifestations of a condition. Although observations cannot be extrapolated to a wider population because all audience are a selected group, new points requiring research may be highlighted.
Bilateral Occipital Lobe Infarction in Acute Migraine: Clinical, Neurophysiological, and Neuroradiological Study.
Authors: Ganji S. , Williams Warren , Furlow Jennifer 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISA woman having common migraine attacks coincident with an asymmetrical bilateral occipital lobs infarction that spared the brainstem and cerebellum underwent these studies: serial electroencephalography, brainstem auditory, visual end somatosensory evoked potentials, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and cerebral arteriography. The patient's vision improved greatly during a one‐year followup. The absence of risk factors for stroke suggested that migraine caused the infarction in the posterior circulation network. The pathophysiological mechanisms of stroke in migraine remains speculative.
Non‐Pharmacological Treatment of Headache: Is Less More?
Authors: Primavera JP , Kaiser RS 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISA twenty‐six article review of the literature pertaining to non‐pharmacological treatment of headache was undertaken. The data supports no significant difference in the efficacy of hypnosis, biofeedback and relaxation training. These studies demonstrated no relationship between hypnotizability or capacity for temperature elevation and headache Improvement. The literature reviewed suggests the mechanism for improvement with non‐pharmacological treatment may be physiologically nonspecific, with patient age, perceived locus of control and motivation likely to predict successful treatment. Home‐based, minimal therapist contact, biofeedback and relaxation treatment appear to work as effectively as intensive clinic‐based treatment.
Incidence of Headache and Severity of Head Injury
Authors: Yamaguchi Michio 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISThe relationship between the incidence of post‐traumatic headache and the severity of head injury has been a controversial issue. The milder the head injury, the more frequently severe headache is noted as a symptom. To investigate this relationship, 121 civilians were investigated using simplified classifications of the grade of headache, type of injury (mild or severe), cervical X‐ray and head CT findings, and clinical history. All the subjects were claiming compensation for work‐related injuries.In the mildly injured group, 46/64 patients complained of severe headache, while only 19/57 had severe headache in the severely injured group (p<0.001). Abnormal findings on the cervical X‐ray films including degenerative changes were more frequent in the severe headache group (p<0.02). CT abnormalities correlated positively with the severity of head injury (p<0.001), but showed an inverse relationship with the incidence of headache (p<0.01). Mentally impaired patients also complained of headache less frequently (p<0.01). On the basis of these results, possible organic mechanisms related to the pathogenesis of post‐traumatic headache are discussed.
Assessment of Chronic Refractory Headache: The Role of the MMPI‐2
Authors: Kurman Rochelle G. , Hursey Karl G. , Mathew Ninan T. 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISWe investigated the utility of the newly revised version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, the MMPI‐2, for assessing psychopathology in three diagnostic headache groups, Post Traumatic, Status Migrainosus, and Status Migrainosus with Analgesic Rebound. We also investigated whether distinct clusters of headache sufferers could be identified using the MMPI‐2 clinical scales, and whether these clusters coincide with headache diagnosis. Eighty‐one patients in treatment at the Houston Headache Clinic were diagnosed and administered the MMPI‐2. Significant levels of psychopathology were found in all three diagnostic groups. Furthermore, Cluster Analysis identified three clusters of patients with equal proportions of patients from the three diagnostic groups. Cluster I patients were abnormally high on many MMPI‐2 clinical scales; Cluster 2 patients showed more moderate elevations, and Cluster 3 patients had essentially normal profiles. We concluded that the MMPI‐2 offers additional information not available through medical diagnosis alone. Thus, it is crucial to include psychological assessment in any comprehensive evaluation of chronic headache patients. Further implications for treatment planning and effectiveness are discussed.
Cerebral Blood Flow in Migraine with Aura: A Transcranial Doppler Sonography Study
Authors: Totaro Rocco , Matteis Giorgio De , Marini Carmine , Prencipe Massimiliano 
Published: May 2005

SYNOPSISTranscranial Doppler sonography examination was performed on 44 patients with migraine with aura and 88 controls. All patients were investigated in headache‐free periods and 10 of them also during a migraine attack. During the headache‐free period a not significant increase of mean flow velocity in patients compared to controls was obtained. The pulsatility index (PI) mean values were also higher in patients than in controls and the differences were significant in the MCA (p<0.05). No difference between right and left side was observed. During the attack the mean flow velocity (MFV) decreased in all arteries but the decrease was significant only in MCA and ACA (p<0.05). The mean PI increased in all arteries but not significantly. These variations were observed both on the headache and contralateral side. Nevertheless, the MFV decrease in all arteries was observed in four patients only. In four patients the MFV decrease was found in the anterior arteries and the MFV increase in the posterior arteries, while in two patients the MFV increase was observed both in the anterior and posterior arteries. The correlation between the variations of MFV values during the attacks and the time interval from the onset of attacks showed that the PCA and BA flow velocities were increased in patients examined between 0.5 and 3 hours, while an increase in MCA and ACA flow velocities were observed only in patients examined after 1.5 hours.