bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Change of urban park usage as a response to the COVID-19 global pandemic
Authors: Zhao Haokai , Mailloux Brian J. , Cook Elizabeth M. , Culligan Patricia J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUrban parks became critical for maintaining the well-being of urban residents during the COVID-19 global pandemic. To examine the impact of COVID-19 on urban park usage, we selected New York City (NYC) and used SafeGraph mobility data, which was collected from a large sample of mobile phone users, to assess the change in park visits and travel distance to a park based on 1) park type, 2) the income level of the visitor census block group (visitor CBG) and 3) that of the park census block group (park CBG). All analyses were adjusted for the impact of temperature on park visitation, and we focused primarily on visits made by NYC residents. Overall, for the eight most popular park types in NYC, visits dropped by 49.2% from 2019 to 2020. The peak reduction in visits occurred in April 2020. Visits to all park types, excluding Nature Areas, decreased from March to December 2020 as compared to 2019. Parks located in higher-income CBGs tended to have lower reductions in visits, with this pattern being primarily driven by large parks, including Flagship Parks, Community Parks and Nature Areas. All types of parks saw significant decreases in distance traveled to visit them, with the exception of the Jointly Operated Playground, Playground, and Nature Area park types. Visitors originating from lower-income CBGs traveled shorter distances to parks and had less reduction in travel distances compared to those from higher-income CBGs. Furthermore, both before and during the pandemic, people tended to travel a greater distance to parks located in high-income CBGs compared to those in low-income CBGs. Finally, multiple types of parks proved crucial destinations for NYC residents during the pandemic. This included Nature Areas to which the visits remained stable, along with Recreation Field/Courts which had relatively small decreases in visits, especially for lower-income communities. Results from this study can support future park planning by shedding light on the different uses of certain park types before and during a global crisis, when access to these facilities can help alleviate the human well-being consequences of “lockdown” policies.
Leveraging global climate models to assess multi-year hydrologic drought
Authors: Vieira Michael J. F. , Stadnyk Tricia A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGlobal climate models (GCMs) offer value for assessments of future water supply and multi-year hydrologic drought. Leveraging GCM data, we develop and analyze global scenarios of mean annual runoff over a span of 640 years. Runoff data from eighteen GCMs are evaluated for skill and bias-adjusted to reflect observations. Unprecedented projections of mean runoff, drought severity, and drought duration are found for 37%, 28%, and 23% of analyzed global land area, respectively, with regions on all continents presenting a risk of a drier future. Conversely, northern latitudes show evidence of increasing runoff, less severe, and shorter-duration droughts. Outside these regions, projections are either indistinguishable from internal climate variability or unreliable due to conflicting signal-to-noise ratios and ensemble agreement. Our analysis contributes to a global gap in understanding future multi-year hydrologic droughts, which can pose significant socio-economic risks.
Predictive analytics for cardio-thoracic surgery duration as a stepstone towards data-driven capacity management
Authors: Nikolova-Simons Mariana , Keldermann Rikkert , Peters Yvon , Compagner Wilma , Montenij Leon , de Jong Ymke , Bouwman R. Arthur 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEffective capacity management of operation rooms is key to avoid surgery cancellations and prevent long waiting lists that negatively affect clinical and financial outcomes as well as patient and staff satisfaction. This requires optimal surgery scheduling, leveraging essential parameters like surgery duration, post-operative bed type and hospital length-of-stay. Common clinical practice is to use the surgeon’s average procedure time of the last N patients as a planned surgery duration for the next patient. A discrepancy between the actual and planned surgery duration may lead to suboptimal surgery schedule. We used deidentified data from 2294 cardio-thoracic surgeries to first calculate the discrepancy of the current model and second to develop new predictive models based on linear regression, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting. The new ensamble models reduced the RMSE for elective and acute surgeries by 19% (0.99 vs 0.80, p = 0.002) and 52% (1.87 vs 0.89, p < 0.001), respectively. Also, the elective and acute surgeries “behind schedule” were reduced by 28% (60% vs. 32%, p < 0.001) and 9% (37% vs. 28%, p = 0.003), respectively. These improvements were fueled by the patient and surgery features added to the models. Surgery planners can benefit from these predictive models as a patient flow AI decision support tool to optimize OR utilization.
Eigenmode-based approach reveals a decline in brain structure–function liberality across the human lifespan
Authors: Yang Yaqian , Tang Shaoting , Wang Xin , Zhen Yi , Zheng Yi , Zheng Hongwei , Liu Longzhao , Zheng Zhiming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhile brain function is supported and constrained by the underlying structure, the connectome-based link estimated by current approaches is either relatively moderate or accompanied by high model complexity, with the essential principles underlying structure-function coupling remaining elusive. Here, by proposing a mapping method based on network eigendecomposition, we present a concise and strong correspondence between structure and function. We show that the explanation of functional connectivity can be significantly improved by incorporating interactions between different structural eigenmodes. We also demonstrate the pronounced advantage of the present mapping in capturing individual-specific information with simple implementation. Applying our methodology to the human lifespan, we find that functional diversity decreases with age, with functional interactions increasingly dominated by the leading functional mode. We also find that structure-function liberality weakens with age, which is driven by the decreases in functional components that are less constrained by anatomy, while the magnitude of structure-aligned components is preserved. Overall, our work enhances the understanding of structure-function coupling from a collective, connectome-oriented perspective and promotes a more refined identification of functional portions relevant to human aging, holding great potential for mechanistic insights into individual differences associated with cognition, development, and neurological disorders.
Synaptic proteasome is inhibited in Alzheimer’s disease models and associates with memory impairment in mice
Authors: Ribeiro Felipe C. , Cozachenco Danielle , Heimfarth Luana , Fortuna Juliana T. S. , de Freitas Guilherme B. , de Sousa Jorge M. , Alves-Leon Soniza V. , Leite Renata E. P. , Suemoto Claudia K. , Grinberg Lea T. , De Felice Fernanda G. , Lourenco Mychael V. , Ferreira Sergio T. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe proteasome plays key roles in synaptic plasticity and memory by regulating protein turnover, quality control, and elimination of oxidized/misfolded proteins. Here, we investigate proteasome function and localization at synapses in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) post-mortem brain tissue and in experimental models. We found a marked increase in ubiquitinylated proteins in post-mortem AD hippocampi compared to controls. Using several experimental models, we show that amyloid-β oligomers (AβOs) inhibit synaptic proteasome activity and trigger a reduction in synaptic proteasome content. We further show proteasome inhibition specifically in hippocampal synaptic fractions derived from APPswePS1ΔE9 mice. Reduced synaptic proteasome activity instigated by AβOs is corrected by treatment with rolipram, a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, in mice. Results further show that dynein inhibition blocks AβO-induced reduction in dendritic proteasome content in hippocampal neurons. Finally, proteasome inhibition induces AD-like pathological features, including reactive oxygen species and dendritic spine loss in hippocampal neurons, inhibition of hippocampal mRNA translation, and memory impairment in mice. Results suggest that proteasome inhibition may contribute to synaptic and memory deficits in AD.
ASMT determines gut microbiota and increases neurobehavioral adaptability to exercise in female mice
Authors: Liu Weina , Huang Zhuochun , Zhang Ye , Zhang Sen , Cui Zhiming , Liu Wenbin , Li Lingxia , Xia Jie , Zou Yong , Qi Zhengtang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractN-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT) is responsible for melatonin biosynthesis. The Asmt gene is located on the X chromosome, and its genetic polymorphism is associated with depression in humans. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we use CRISPR/Cas9 to delete 20 bp of exon 2 of Asmt, and construct C57BL/6J mouse strain with Asmt frameshift mutation (Asmtft/ft). We show that female Asmtft/ft mice exhibit anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, accompanied by an obvious structural remodeling of gut microbiota. These behavioral abnormalities are not observed in male. Moreover, female Asmtft/ft mice show a lower neurobehavioral adaptability to exercise, while wild-type shows a “higher resilience”. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis indicates that the structure of gut microbiota in Asmtft/ft mice is less affected by exercise. These results suggests that Asmt maintains the plasticity of gut microbiota in female, thereby enhancing the neurobehavioral adaptability to exercise.
Reminders of Japanese redress increase Asian American support for Black reparations
Authors: Kraus Michael W. , Vinluan A. Chyei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInformational interventions can shape policy attitudes, and in this study, we examined whether largely unknown information about past reparations payments toward one minoritized group would shape current policy judgments. In 1942, the U.S. government wrongfully relocated and imprisoned more than 120,000 Japanese Americans. In 1988, the government apologized and offered $20,000 USD in reparations payments. Japanese American redress is a recent, but not widely known, concrete example of communities who have successfully fought for reparative economic action. In two preregistered studies of online crowdsourced panels of Asian Americans (N = 329, N = 500), an intervention that raised awareness of this history of incarceration and redress increased support for reparations for Black Americans, relative to a control condition, and national polling data on support for reparations. Exploratory analyses revealed that the degree of learning about Japanese American redress in the intervention explained its impact on support for Black reparations. Future research should target representative samples to understand how education about past redress within one’s own social group affects support for reparative economic justice for others.
Communication in Daily Life of Children With Developmental Language Disorder: Parents' and Teachers' Perspectives
Authors: Bruinsma Gerda Ingrid , Wijnen Frank , Gerrits Ellen 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
This study explores limitations in communication in daily life of children with developmental language disorder (DLD) from their parents' perspective as well as communicative abilities and social functioning in the classroom from their teacher's perspective. Furthermore, differences between children with mixed receptive–expressive disorder and children with expressive-only disorder in communication in daily life and social functioning are studied.

Method:
Data were collected through questionnaires completed by parents and teachers of children (5–6 years old) who attended schools for special education for DLD. Language test scores were retrieved from school records. Parents of 60 children answered open-ended questions about situations and circumstances in which their child was most troubled by language difficulties. Teachers of 83 children rated communicative abilities, social competence, and student–teacher relationship.

Results:
Parents reported communication with strangers as most troublesome and mentioned the influence of the mental state of their child. Parents considered limitations in expressing oneself and being understood and not being intelligible as core difficulties. Teachers rated the children's communicative abilities in the school context as inadequate, but their scores concerning social competence and the quality of teacher–child relationships fell within the normal range. Children with receptive–expressive disorder experienced limitations in communication in almost all situations, whereas those with expressive disorder faced limitations in specific situations. Children with receptive–expressive disorder were also significantly more limited in their communicative abilities and social competence at school than children with expressive disorder. No differences were found between the two groups in the quality of the teacher–child relationship.

Conclusions:
The results confirm that children with DLD face significant challenges in a variety of communicative situations. We found indications that children with receptive–expressive disorder experience more severe limitations than children with expressive disorder. The involvement of parents and teachers in evaluating a child's communicative ability provides valuable and clinically relevant information.
Posterior Sinuplasty: A New Strategy for Managing Hydrocolpos in Cloaca—Case Series
Authors: AbouZeid Amr AbdelHamid , Abdelmoniem Ahmed Saad , Fathy Mohamed Abdelrahman , Negm Mohamed Ahmed , Mohammad Shaimaa Abdelsattar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe present a simple surgical technique aiming to improve urine outflow through the common urogenital sinus in cloaca and facilitate drainage of existing hydrocolpos. The study included three cases of cloaca with associated hydrocolpos that were operated during the period 2022 through 2023. The patient is placed in the prone position for a standard posterior sagittal anorectoplasty. The distal rectal fistula is severed flush with the vagina/sinus leaving an open defect in the posterior wall of the vagina/sinus. The defect is then widened distally via a vertical incision (∼1 cm) through the posterior wall of the common urogenital sinus toward but not reaching the perineum. This vertical defect is then closed horizontally displacing the posterior vaginal wall downwards toward the perineum (posterior sinuplasty). The postoperative recovery was uneventful in the three cases. Adequate drainage of hydrocolpos was confirmed by imaging at follow-up, as well as improvement of upper urinary tract dilatation. In selected cases of cloaca, posterior sinuplasty is a simple procedure that can be applied during anorectoplasty to provide effective drainage of associated hydrocolpos.
Bidentate Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Inverse Electron-Demand Diels–Alder Reaction of Phthalazines and Cyclooctynes
Authors: Wegner Hermann A. , Große Michel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHerein we report a method for facilitating the inverse-electron-demand Diels–Alder reaction of 1,2-diazines and cyclooctynes by utilizing a boron-based bidentate Lewis acid catalyst. Readily available electron-deficient and electron-rich phthalazines proved to be suitable substrates in this transformation. The described method enables the facile construction of diversely substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons fused to eight-membered carbocycles.
Simulation-Based Bypass Training and Learning Curves—Resident Experience
Authors: Jalolova Mohira , Jankovic Dragan , Sasaki Kento , Tanaka Riki , Kato Yoko 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction Bypass surgery is a challenging operative procedure that requires surgical excellence. Achieving the skills required for vascular surgery is difficult to master in the operating room without intensive microsurgical training. Various models have been developed to provide training to young neurosurgeons and increase dexterity and patient safety. Bypass surgery requires complex microsurgical techniques.
Methods Microanastomosis training was performed on plastic tubes and chicken wings for 2 months. Each microanastomosis was evaluated by a senior author.
Results An improvement in the quality and patency of microanastomosis was observed.
Conclusion Microsurgical simulation training can contribute to the improvement of surgical skills and dexterity.
Research on the action characteristics and breaking control of 100 kA series double break DC vacuum circuit breaker for CRAFT quench protection system
Authors: Hu Xingguang , Li Hang , Li Hua , Song Zhiquan , Gao Xiang , Li Jiangang 
Published: November 2023

The DC vacuum circuit breaker plays an important role in the quench protection system of the Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology (CRAFT) project. The study of the operating characteristics of vacuum circuit breakers can effectively improve breaking reliability. This article introduces the design and basis of the series double break DC vacuum circuit breaker for the CRAFT quench protection system. It adopts the electromagnetic repulsion driving method to ensure rapid action and the operating mechanism design to ensure the synchronization of the double break action. A magnetic shielding setting is proposed through simulation calculations to solve the uniformity of magnetic induction strength between breaks. Combining the test data of action characteristics with the theory of optimal opening distance for current zero crossing, a DC breaking platform for the vacuum circuit breaker was designed, and control strategies were determined, thus completing the 100 kA DC breaking experiment. The vacuum circuit breaker studied in this article meets the technical requirements of the CRAFT quench protection system and provides experience and experimental data for the design of high-current vacuum circuit breakers.
Rights-based approaches and Indigenous peoples and local communities: Findings from a literature review
Authors: Sarmiento Barletti Juan Pablo , Prouchet Léna , Larson Anne M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis preliminary assessment of rights-based approaches (RBAs) seeks to contribute to the ongoing discussions of RBAs for Indigenous Peoples and local communities (IPs and LCs). RBAs purposefully position the recognition of, respect for, and access to individual and collective rights as central to an initiative’s planning, design, implementation, process monitoring, and outcomes. In mainstream climate change, conservation, and development programs and policies, this means refocusing the relationship between “beneficiaries” and “implementers” to one of rights-holders and duty-bearers. RBAs hold growing discursive importance in relation to the rights of IPs and LCs in conservation and climate change spheres, including the agendas of international agencies. The growing interest in RBAs, and their inclusion in frameworks that will guide development, conservation, and climate projects over the next decade, is laudable. However, there are few reviews that seek to understand how RBAs emerged and how they have been conceptualized. Such analysis is a necessary basis from which to advance discussions on the impact of RBAs and provide lessons to support them. In this review, our primary interest is the conception, conceptualization, and implementation of RBAs in forest-based initiatives, but we reviewed the wider scholarly and gray literature on RBAs in development, conservation, and climate action initiatives.
Fabrication and characterization of suspended La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 nanofibers for high-sensitive and fast-responsive infrared bolometer
Authors: Paul Nirupam , Vadnala Sudharsan , Bonam Satish , Agrawal Amit , Vanjari Siva R K , Singh Shiv Govind 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
La1−x
Sr
x
MnO3 manganite oxides have shown great potential for infrared (IR) sensing. In this study, La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) nanofibers, synthesized by a simple electrospinning process, are suspended between gold interdigitated electrode (IDE). These electrodes, which acts as a supporting platform for the dangling nanofiber, are microelectromechanical systems based that can be fabricated quickly and economically with fewer fabrication steps. Due to the large surface-area-to-volume ratio, these fibers have outstanding thermo-electrical properties, which puts them in the leagues of materials suitable for IR sensing. Performance-wise these hanging nanofibers belong to a class of promising thermal sensors due to negligible thermal loss. The optoelectrical characterization shows its temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) is −1.48%K−1, and its electrical resistance follows an inverse square law for distance from the IR source. The fabricated LSMO nanofibers based microbolometer has a significantly low thermal time constant with average thermal response and recovery time of 63 ms and 77 ms, respectively. Furthermore, they show encouraging bolometric properties with thermal conductance, thermal capacitance, voltage responsivity, and thermal noise limited detectivity of 3.6 × 10−3WK−1, 0.2268 × 10−3JK−1
, 1.96 × 105VW−1, and 3.7 × 108cm Hz1/2W−1
respectively. The high voltage responsivity and TCR, commensurate with the ultralow response and recovery time confirm that the fabricated Microbolometer can find industrial applications as thermal sensors.
Investigation on edge defect characteristics and electronic transport characteristics of graphene nano cutting
Authors: Tang Meiling , Yuan Zewei , Sun Jingting , Sun Xiaohan , He Yan , Zhou Xinbo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The effects of cutting crystal direction and speed on edge morphology, defects and electron transport characteristics were studied by molecular dynamics from the distribution state of defect atoms, the number of defect atoms, cutting force and radial distribution function. The edge defects of zigzag graphene nanoribbons were extracted, and the difficulty of forming different kinds of defects and the influence of different defects on band gap were studied by density functional theory. The results indicate that cutting graphene along the [010] (zigzag) direction has a smaller variance and smoother cutting. The obtained graphene nanoribbons have fewer defects and good edge quality. And the higher the cutting speed, the fewer defects of the graphene nanoribbons formed, resulting in smaller damage. The typical defects at the edges include 5–8–5 defect (double-vacancy defect), 5–9 SV defect (single-vacancy defect), stone wales (SW) defect, chain defect, crack defect and hole defect. The relationship between the magnitude of forming energy values produced by different defect types is as follows: crack defect > chain defect > SW defect > 5–9 SV defect > 5–8–5 defect > hole defect. Hole defect is the most difficult to form. The band gap width of the cut edge containing defects is smaller than that of the perfect graphene nanoribbon, resulting in the increase of the conductivity of the graphene nanoribbon in the direction of metal characteristics. The presence of defects can open the band gap with of intrinsic graphene.