bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Clinical Signs in Patients with Covid-19 Who Suffer Chronic Viral Hepatitis C
Authors: Muxamedova Z.R.  , Yuldasheva D.X.  
Published: November 2023

The global pandemic of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), which began in December 2019 in Uhan (China), has spread worldwide. On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization announced the outbreak of the SARS CoV-2 pandemic due to the constant number of cases outside China. [1]. Rapid and decisive measures are being taken in our country to effectively combat the coronavirus pandemic, which is spreading rapidly around the world. Particular attention is paid to such important aspects as preventing the spread of coronavirus infection, effective treatment of patients with the disease, and conducting laboratory tests. Patients with chronic liver diseases required increased attention of doctors during the epidemic, since against the background of an exacerbation of their diseases, not only the risk of contracting a viral infection of COVID - 19 increased, but also its aggravation. (Mekhtiev.S.N and co-author. 2020 ). Severe liver damage during the severe course of COVID – 19 is diagnosed with a severe course of the disease. Patients with COVID - 19, confirmed by serious liver damage, experience an increase in high biochemical indicators. At the height of the disease, thrombocytopenia is observed. An increase in serum aminotransferase, creatinkinase and lactatdegydrogenase activity is detected. [10]. Literature has shown that patients with severe covid – 19 manifestations are at higher ALT levels, lower platelet and albumin numbers, and higher risk of death. Data analysis shows that the frequency of cases of impaired liver function increases in proportion to the severity of COVID-19 flow. Apparently, an increase in alt, hypoalbuminemia and thrombocytopenia are unfavorable factors in the prognosis of the disease. Analysis of the clinical picture of COVID-19 has shown that SARSCoV-2 has significant effects for SJK (chronic liver diseases). Patients with viral etiology are more susceptible to liver damage, which is likely due to increased replication of hepatitis V and C viruses during SARSCoV-2 infection. The presence of an Associated side disease (diabetes, cardiovascular diseases) tends to develop a severe form of COVID-19 in patients. [2]. Today, there is no clear data on whether patients with chronic hepatitis C have a higher risk of contracting COVID-19 compared to other diseases. At the same time, serious complications, if it is not possible to prevent COVID-19 infection, then the disease develops rapidly in them. [5]. Even if hepatitis C has been successfully treated in particular, it increases the chances of severe covid-19 passing. Therefore, against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic, the problems of patients with chronic viral hepatitis C are unresolved and require study. In epidemic conditions, it is very important to effectively monitor patients with this pathology and continue to treat them health, as well as to carry out scientific research to reduce the problem in the health system and reduce the disease [2].
Awareness and willingness to use oral HIV self-test and associated factor among Wollo University Health Science student in North East Ethiopia, 2023
Authors: Kassa Mullu 
Published: November 2023

Background: Use of oral HIV self-test is integral part of quality improvement of HIV prevention, care and treatment. There is no evidence related to awareness and willingness to use oral HIV self-test. The aim of the study was to assess awareness and willingness to use oral HIV self-test and associated factors.
Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted among Wollo University student. The data collection instrument was self-administered questionnaire. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the participant’s proportional to sample size. The final sample size was 373 medical students. SPSS version 26 was used to analyze data and the results were presented by using tables, Pie charts, and histograms. The study was analyzed using binary logistic regression and p value less than 0.25 was entered in Multi-variable logistic regression. Finally, p value less than 0.05 in multi-variable logistic regression was considered as statically significant. Odd ratio measured magnitude of association at 95% confidence interval.
Results: A total of 370 health science student were participated, at response rate of 98%. Prevalence of awareness and willingness among health science student toward use oral HIV self-test were 53 (14.32%) and 253 (68.38), respectively. Factors such as participating in HIV program (AOR=3.27; CI: 1.30-8.21) and who had recent HIV risk (AOR=3.16; CI; 1.40-7.12) were more likely to had awareness toward oral HIV self-test. Male student (AOR=1.74; CI; 1.02-2.82), who had recent HIV risk (AOR=3.36; CI: 1.40-8.08), recently tested for HIV (AOR=2.84; CI: 1.17-6.89) and who had STI (AOR=9.02; CI: 2.82-32.12) were more likely to be willingness to use oral HIV self-test in the future.
Conclusions: This study showed that willingness to use HIV self-test in future was high. But awareness of HIV self-test is low. It is crucial to prioritize willingness and awareness activities particularly among sex of respondent, recent HIV risk, tested for HIV and STI client.
Misuse of Ozempic as a drug choice for weight loss, a potential threat
Authors: Aslam Uzma , Mehboob Sarah 
Published: November 2023

The 387 million people around the globe are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previously used agents to treat T2DM posed adverse risks of hypoglycaemia and weight gain. Recently, Novo Nordisk, a pharmaceutical company, launched a new drug, Ozempic (Semaglutide), a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), which was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration on December 5, 2017. The numerous benefits of Ozempic makes it ideal for treatment of T2DM. Unfortunately, there is now an alarming shortage of Ozempic due to its misuse for weight loss.
Parity and anemia among pregnant women at a public health center in Bojonegoro, Indonesia
Authors: Siswantoro Toto , Ernawati Masfuah 
Published: November 2023

HIGHLIGHTS

One of the most common maternal health problems is anemia during pregnancy
Factors that lead to anemia incidence were analyzed to be able to provide adequate precautions.
It was found that knowledge, parity, and consistency in taking blood supplement tablets during pregnancy are factors that influence the incidence of anemia in pregnant women.

ABSTRACT
Objective:The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influenced anemia in pregnant women at the Public Health Center of Kedewan, Bojonegoro, Indonesia.
Materials and Methods: This was an analytic study using a retrospective approach. The population of this study was all pregnant women in 2018 at Public Health Center in Kedewan, Bojonegoro, Indonesia, involving 173 pregnant women, consisting of 117 anemic pregnant women and 56 non-anemic pregnant women. The sample of this study consisted of 119 pregnant women in 2018 consisting of 80 anemic pregnant women and 39 non-anemic pregnant women, who were selected using proportional stratified random sampling and simple random sampling. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed using multiple logistic regression.
Results: Variables that did not significantly affect anemia in pregnant women were age (p=0.384), education (p=0.460), occupation (p=0.234), income (p=0.482), food abstinence (p= 0.465), and ANC examination (p=0.319), while variables that significantly affected anemia in pregnant women were knowledge (p=0.002), parity (p=0.000) and the regularity of consuming blood-booster tablets (p=0.041).
Conclusion: The most influential variable on anemia in pregnant women was parity.
Comparison of Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio levels in ovarian cyst among epithelial ovarian cancer patients at RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan, Indonesia
Authors: Sari Dewi Mega , Yustin Simanjuntak Roy , Sari Lintang Letta , Fahdhy Muhammad , Edianto Deri , Sitepu Makmur 
Published: November 2023

HIGHLIGHTS

Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) have potential as independent prognostic markers for ovarian cancer.
This research was to evaluated NLR and PLR levels in ovarian cysts with epithelial ovarian cancer patients at RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan.

ABSTRACT
Objective: Ovarian cancer is most common malignancy of women and generally diagnosed at advanced stage therefore tends to have poor prognosis. The inflammatory process is proven involved in malignancy mechanism which Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) have potential as independent prognostic markers. This research was to evaluate NLR and PLR levels in ovarian cysts among epithelial ovarian cancer patients at RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan
Materials and Methods: This research is a comparative case-control study conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan on December 2019 – February 2020. The research sample were 40 patients diagnosed with ovarian cysts and epithelial ovarian cancer, respectively. Bivariate analysis was done with independent T test if data was normally distributed or Mann Whitney if not normally distributed. All results will use a significance value <0.05.
Results: Median NLR level in ovarian cancer group was 2.45 (1.06 – 38.44) and in ovarian cysts group was 2.34 (1.44 – 3.78). Median PLR levels in ovarian cancer group was 12813.94 (3178.08 –19040.0) and in ovarian cysts group was 11138.15 (5026.18–22839.51). Based on analysis test, it was found that there was no statistically significant difference of NLR and PLR levels in ovarian cancer compared to ovarian cysts (p>0.05).
Conclusion: NLR and PLR levels between ovarian cancer and ovarian cyst patient in RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan shows no difference in value. NLR and PLR can still be used as a marker for malignant process in patient suspected with malignancy.
The combination of NLR and MEOWS as a potential modality for detecting the severity of preeclampsia: A systematic review
Authors: Singgih Rendy , Kwary Meilyana Maria Isabela , Tamara Yosi 
Published: November 2023

HIGHLIGHTS

PE is still one of the contributors to morbidity and mortality which is quite high for pregnant women in Indonesia.
The use of NLR and MEOWS modalities as predictors of preeclampsia incidence shows significant potential and can be applied especially in facilities with limited resources.

ABSTRACT
Objective: Describe modalities of detecting the severity of preeclampsia (PE) between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) levels and Modified Obstetric Early Warning Systems (MEOWS).
Materials and Methods: We used a systematic search in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for English articles, full access, published between 2015 – 2023 that evaluated modalities between NLR levels and MEOWS for detecting the severity of preeclampsia which resulted in 208 works of literature. Among the studies we found 14 works of literature that met the PICO inclusion criteria were included in this study.
Results: PE is still one of the high morbidities and mortality in maternal patients. It takes tools to predict the possible risk of PE events that can occur. NLR is one of the markers that become a prognostic modality to determine the severity of PE. MEOWS is one of the tools to assess the level of care of patients who carry out the treatment. NLR and MEOWS can be modalities for predicting PE severity.
Conclusion: NLR and MEOWS can be used even with limited resources. The combined use of NLR and MEOWS can be an alternative and potential modality in detecting PE severity.
Complicated vivax malaria in pregnancy: A case report in rural area of Indonesia
Authors: Surya Raymond , Manurung Edward Sugito , Saroyo Yudianto Budi 
Published: November 2023

HIGHLIGHTS
Vivax malaria in pregnancy can contribute to anemia and preterm delivery.

ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aims to report a preterm delivery and anemia as part of P. vivax malaria infection complications in a pregnant woman in Timor Tengah Selatan regent, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.
Case report: A 42-year-old, gravida 6 para 5,36-week of gestational age pregnant woman came with complaints of water broke since one day before admission. She had fever with chills for three days, especially at night along with muscle, headache, joint soreness, dizziness, and palpitations. Rapid diagnostic test for malaria showed positive result. Peripheral blood smear examination revealed microcytic hypochromic due to iron deficiency or chronic infection and presence of trophozoites-ring form of P. vivax with 4,235 parasitemia. There was born baby boy 2,470 grams (percentile 28%), fetal head 31 cm (percentile 13%), birth length 43 cm (percentile 4%), and Apgar Score (AS) 8 and 9 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. The treatment was according to anti-malarial guideline in Indonesia using dihydroartemisin 120 mg and piperaquine phosphate 960 mg fixed dose as DHP for 3 days and primaquine 15 mg for 14 days.
Conclusion: Anemia as part of vivax malaria complication in pregnancy contribute to preterm delivery.
Characterisation of grapevine canopy leaf area and inter-row management using Sentinel-2 time series
Authors: Abubakar Mukhtar Adamu , Chanzy André , Flamain Fabrice , Courault Dominique 
Published: November 2023

Accurate data on crop canopy are among the prerequisites for hydrological modelling, environmental assessment, and irrigation management. In this regard, our study concentrated on an in-depth analysis of optical satellite data of Sentinel-2 (S2) time series of the leaf area index (LAI) to characterise canopy development and inter-row management of grapevine fields. Field visits were conducted in the Ouveze-Ventoux area, South Eastern France, for two years (2021 and 2022) to monitor phenology, canopy development, and inter-row management of eleven selected grapevine fields. Regarding the S2-LAI data, the annual dynamic of a typical grapevine canopy leaf area was similar to a double logistic curve. Therefore, an analytic model was adopted to represent the grapevine canopy contribution to the S2-LAI. Part of the parameters of the analytic model were calibrated from the actual grapevine canopy dynamics timing observation from the field visits, while the others were inferred at the field level from the S2-LAI time series. The background signal was generated by directly subtracting the simulated canopy from the S2 LAI time series. Rainfall data were examined to see the possible explanations behind variations in the inter-row grass development. From the background signals, we could group the inter-row management into three classes: grassed, partially grassed, and tilled, which corroborated our findings on the field. To consider the possibility of avoiding field visits, the model was recalibrated on a grapevine field with a clear canopy signal and applied to two fields with different inter-row management. The result showed slight differences among the inter-row signals, which did not prevent the identification of inter-row management, thus indicating that field visits might not be mandatory.
URGENSI PENGATURAN JAMINAN KREDIT DALAM SEKTOR PEER TO PEER (P2P) LENDING DI INDONESIA
Authors: Shania Amalia Vanny , Kharisma Dona Budi 
Published: November 2023

<p><em>This articles aims to analyse and examine the importance of implementing credit guarantee on peer to peer (p2p) lending mechanism in Indonesia as a form of prevention of Non Perfroming Loan Risk and the ideal type of credit guarantee to be applied on peer to per (p2p) lending mechanism. This research is a normative legal research with a perspective character with a consepual approach. The type of data used is secondary data which includes primary dan secondary legal materials. Meanwhile, the thechnique of collecting data in examining these problems use a literature study technique which is then carried out by technical analysis using the deductive method. The results show that there is urgency for the application of credit guarantee on peer to peer (p2p) lending sector based on 3 important aspects, namely philosophical, juridical, and sociological foundations. The urgency is related to the risk of non performing loan or default by the borrower which must be borne by the the lender. Implementing fiduciary security into peer to peer (p2p) lending mechanism can be an ideal solution to provide protection and legal certainty for lenders while minimizing the potentional risk of non performing loan.</em></p><p> </p>
EFEKTIVITAS HUKUM PENDAFTARAN MEREK DI KALANGAN PENGUSAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH BATIK DI PUSAT GROSIR SOLO
Authors: Soesanto Inneke Saphira , Tantri C Diana 
Published: November 2023

<p align="center"><em>This article aims to find out about the obstacles of implementing brand registration among small and medium batik entrepreneurs in Pusat Grosir Solo and solutions to the obstacles of implementing brand registration among small and medium batik entrepreneurs in Pusat Grosir Solo. Empirical legal research is descriptive with the research site at the Pusat Grosir Solo. The types and sources of this research data include primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques with interviews and literature studies. The data analysis technique is qualitatively. The results tells that the barriers to the implementation of brand registration among small and medium-sized batik entrepreneurs in Pusat Grosir Solo are divided into two, namely non-normative barriers and normative barriers. Non normative barriers are a lack of understanding about the brand and its registration, limited funds owned by SMEs, and concerns about the brand being not accepted for registration due to similarities to existing brands. Then there are normative obstacles is brand registration arrangements as stipulated in Article 14 paragraph (1), Article 14 paragraph (2), and Article 23 paragraph (5) of Law No. 20 of 2016 concerning Brands and Geographical Indications take a long time (8 months). The solution to non-normative barriers is to empower SMEs regarding the brand and its registration conducted by the Surakarta City Government, the issuance of SME recommendation letters by Disnakerperin and Dinkop SME so that registration costs are cheaper, and to address concerns about brands not being accepted for registration due to similarities to existing brands, may register the brand collectively. For solutions to normative barriers, there needs to be a revision of Law No. 20 of 2016 on Brands and Geographical Indications related to the process of brand registration to be shorter. </em> </p><p align="center"> </p>
Improving Explainable AI Interpretability: Mathematical Models for Evaluating Explanation Methods.
Authors: P. Nancy Ambritta , Mahalle Parkshit N. , Bhapkar Haribhau R. , Shinde Gitanjali R. , Sable Nilesh P. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

AI has transformed various industries. Understanding and trusting AI decision-making processes is crucial as they become more integrated into our lives. Explainable AI (XAI) aims to provide transparency and interpretability to AI models, addressing concerns about accountability, fairness, and ethical AI. Lack of transparency in AI can lead to uncertainty, especially in critical domains where incorrect or biased decisions can have adverse outcomes. This paper aims to introduce Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) and its significance in enhancing transparency, accountability, fairness, and trustworthiness in AI systems. The primary focus is on presenting mathematical expressions for quantitatively evaluating the accuracy and relevance of explanations offered by XAI methods, thereby enhancing the quality and dependability of these explanations. The paper conducts a literature review on XAI methods and their applications, specifically examining whether evaluation metrics are provided for assessing the explanations. The paper presents a mathematical formulation for an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) that utilizes autoencoders along with an explanation technique like SHAP, as a case study. We further present the application of the proposed evaluation metrics and mathematical formulas for quantitative assessment of the correctness of the explanations. Screenshots of the results have been presented for each of the quantitative mathematical formulas of each metric. The contributions to the mathematical derivation of the IDS case study is also profound wherein we adopt the cross-entropy loss function for derivation and mathematically provide solutions to address the overfitting problem with L1regularization and also express the threshold updation using Chebyshev’s formula. The results presented in the results and discussion section include the correctness evaluation of the mathematical formulations of the evaluation metrics for XAI, which is demonstrated using a case study (Autoencoder-based Intrusion Detection System with SHAPley explanations) demonstrating their applicability and transparency. The significance of XAI in promoting comprehension and confidence in AI systems is underscored by this paper. Through transparency and interpretability, XAI effectively tackles apprehensions related to accountability, fairness, and ethical AI. The mathematical assessment metrics put forth in this study provide a means to evaluate the accuracy and pertinence of explanations furnished by XAI techniques, thereby facilitating advancements and comparisons in AI research and development. The future generalized implementation of these metrics with real-time data across various domains will enhance the practicality and usefulness of XAI across diverse domains. This study was conducted on open-access data obtained from Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity and NSL KDD dataset.
Development and evaluation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation nursing education program for nursing students using virtual reality
Authors: Lee Hanna , Han Jeong-won , Park Junhee , Min Soyoon , Park Jihey 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aims to improve nursing students’ ability to care for critically ill patients through education in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) nursing.
Methods
This study developed a virtual reality (VR) simulation program for the five-step ECMO nursing of the Analysis, Design, Development, Implement, and Evaluation (ADDIE) model and used an equivalent control group pre-test and post-test no-synchronized design to verify the effect. The participants of this study were fourth-year nursing students enrolled in nursing departments at three universities in Seoul, Gangwon, and Gyeonggi in South Korea; it included 66 participants, 33 in each of the experimental and control groups. The program consisted of pre-training, orientation, VR simulation, and debriefing.
Results
The interaction effect of the intervention and control groups with time points using the ECMO nursing VR simulation program was rejected due to no statistically significant difference in knowledge (F = 1.41, p = .251), confidence (F = 1.97, p = .144), and clinical reasoning capacity (F = 2.85, p = .061). However, learning immersion (t = 3.97, p < .001) and learning satisfaction (t = 4.25, p < .001) were statistically significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group.
Conclusion
VR simulation program for ECMO nursing developed in this study is a potential educational method that positively affects the learning immersion and learning satisfaction of nursing students. This will also be an effective way to improve the performance of nursing students in ECMO nursing.