bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Konsistensi Janji Politik Pasangan Mulkan-Syahbudin Pasca Terpilih Menjadi Bupati Kabupaten Bangka Tahun 2018
Authors: Romianti Friska Dwi 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian yang berjudul “Konsistensi Janji Politik Pasangan Mulkan-Syahbudin Pasca Terpilih Menjadi Bupati Kabupaten Bangka Tahun 2018” ini berfokus kepada beberapa hal yakni strategi pemasaran apa yang digunakan pasangan mulkan-syahbudin dan implementasi janji politik yang telah diucapkan pasangan mulkan-syahbudin pada saat kampanye politik. Metode penelitian dalam penulisan ini yakni penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Adapun hasil penelitian bahwa Melalui sepuluh rumusan pemasaran politik tersebut, terdapat enam rumusan utama yang digunakan untuk menganalisis penelitian ini, yaitu Polling, Profilling, Positioning, Product, Pull Pemasaran , dan Push Pemasaran . Kelima rumusan tersebut merupakan rumusan pemasaran politik yang paling ditonjolkan oleh Mulkan-Syahbudin pada keberhasilannya dalam memenangkan pemilihan kepala daerah di Bangka dan terkait dengan janji politik yang dikemukakan pasangan mulkan-syahbudin telah di realisasikan dengan baik walaupun masih ada yang harus dilakukan serta diperbaharui.
Pengaruh Perbedaan Jenis Umpan Ikan Sepat (Trichogaster sp) dan Ikan Pantau (Rasbora argyrotaenia) terhadap Hasil Tangkapan Rawai di Sungai Muara Nikum Rambah Hilir Kabupaten Rokan Hulu Riau
Authors: Perdana Hass Kharisma Putra , Zain Jonny , Nasution Polaris 
Published: January 2024

Umpan ikan menduduki peran penting dalam meningkatkan efektivitas tangkapan ikan di perairan umum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat umpan ikan hidup yang terbaik untuk alat tangkap rawai dari dua jenis umpan yaitu ikan sepat (Trichogaster sp.) dan ikan pantau (Rasbora argyrotaenia) di sungai Muara Nikum Rambah Hilir Kabupaten Rokan Hulu, Riau. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimen dengan alat tangkap rawai selama 10 hari pada malam hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan hasil tangkapan rawai yang menggunakan umpan ikan pantau (Rasbora argyrotaenia) berjumlah 23 ekor dengan berat total 8,42 kg dengan nilai hook rate rata-rata 2,3%. Sedangkan hasil tangkapan ikan sepat (Trichogaster sp.) berjumlah 22 ekor, dengan berat total 15,51 kg dengan nilai hook rate rata-rata 2,2%. Analisis statistik menunjukkan perbedaan jenis umpan memberikan pengaruh terhadap jumlah tangkapan rawai (Mini Long line) di Sungai Muara Nikum.
Regional Cluster Policies in Germany - A Multi-Level Governance Perspective on Policy Learning
Authors: Kiese Matthias 
Published: January 2024

Soumission à Epi-revel
14885Despite common reference to the cluster concept and some signs ofpolicy convergence, cluster policies differ markedly, reflectingindustry characteristics and institutional differences at variousspatial scales, or levels of governance. This paper uses the caseof Germany to illustrate the variety of regional cluster policiesin a federal state. It particularly focuses on the relations,interdependencies and divisions of labour between four levels ofgovernance. Policy learning can be observed either within orbetween regions and levels of governance, and the evidence showsthat path-dependent incremental learning dominates whileinterregional learning is restricted to certain windows ofopportunity.
International audience
Utilization of the Abandoned Pond for African Catfish Farming to Improve the Economy of the People of Northwest Hagu Village, Lhokseumawe
Authors: Sariadi  , Reza Fauzan  , Zulkifli  , Suryani  
Published: January 2024

Northwest Hagu Village is one of the fishing villages in the Lhokseumawe City Area. In this village, there are also several ponds that are not productive (sleeping land) and only wild weeds grow throughout the pond. This community service activity aims to provide solutions by managing ponds into productive ponds by cultivatingcatfish training fishing communities to increase the economic income of the coastal communitiesofNorthwest Haguvillage with good cultivation techniques and maintaining pond water quality so that it is not polluted. So, that good harvests are obtained and marketable and increase economic income and welfare of community partnergroups. Thisactivity stage begins with a survey of environmental conditions and equipment, designing and manufacturing floating net cages,providing technical counselling/guidance to partners and conducting a thorough evaluation of the implementation of PKMM and the results achieved.
Membangun Karakter Mulia: Pendekatan Al-Qur’an dan Hadits dalam Pendidikan Akhlak Anak di Keluarga
Authors: Syukri Muhammad 
Published: January 2024

Pendidikan merupakan sarana yang paling penting dan utama untuk melakukan suatu perubahan secara mendasar dan sampai pada akar-akarnya. Pendidikan tidak hanya sekedar tentang pengembangan dari aspek intelektual, namun juga tentang pengembangan aspek-aspek lainnya seperti karakter. Karakter ialah sifat yang tertanam dalam jiwa, yang dengannya lahirlah berbagai macam perbuatan baik atau buruk, tanpa membutuhkan pemikiran dan pertimbangan. Dewasa ini, penanaman karakter mulia pada anak sangat diperlukan, hal ini karena krisis karakter, yakni penyimpangan yang dilakukan oleh anak remaja. Penyimpangan tidak lagi tentang tawuran, namun lebih parah seperti mengkonsumsi narkoba, seks bebas, malas beribadah, munculnya sikap antisosial, tidak menghormati guru, melawan orang tua, dan sebagainya. Tentu ini menjadi tantangan bagi orang tua dalam menanamkan karakter pada anak. Sehingga Al-Qur’an dan hadits sebagai sumber rujukan yang utama dalam menanamkan karakter tersebut. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Al-Qur’an dan hadits memegang peranan yang sangat penting dalam membangun karakter mulia pada anak, yakni melalui pendidikan akhlak di lingkungan keluarga. Hal ini ditunjukkan melalui cara Luqman mendidik anaknya dengan menjadikan dirinya sebagai suri tauladan yang baik bagi anaknya serta hadits Nabi saw tentang metode-metode pendidikan akhlak. Pesan-pesan ini dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber utama bagi orang tua dalam memberikan pendidikan akhlak kepada anak.
Kata Kunci: Pendidikan, Karakter, Akhlak, Al-Qur’an, Hadits
Nilai-Nilai Moderasi Beragama Pada Mahasiswa Di Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Rasyidiyah Khalidiyah Amuntai Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Ria Ria Susanti , Rosa Bella Napitupulu  
Published: January 2024

Religious moderation education does not only specify how to behave when different religions, but also focuses on how to behave with the same religion. Therefore this study aims to explore the understanding of Students in Rasyidiyah Khalidiyah Amuntai Islamic High School (STAI) South Kalimantan on the basic concepts, principles, and character values of religious moderation through analysis of Islamic Religious Education Materials and through interviews. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, the research subjects were STAI Rakha Amuntai students. Research result; that STAI Rakha Amuntai students' understanding of basic concepts, principles and character values of religious moderation has been illustrated through their process of analyzing Islamic Religious Education Materials and through interviews. However, the fact is that in their daily lives there is still behavior that goes beyond the principles and values of religious moderation, as can be seen in their circle of friends, this means that they not yet have the principles of equality or musawah. And the results of the analysis of the Islamic Religious Education Materials (PAI), the students agreed that the PAI Material contains the character value of religious moderation, because the basis of PAI material is the Al-Qur'an, which in it calls for a fair attitude (QS. Annisa: 58), balance (QS. Al-Hajj: 60), and tolerance (QS. Al-Baqarah: 256).
A Comprehensive Review on Aminochelates: Advances and Applications in Plant Nutrition
Authors: Ram Keval , Ninama A. R. , Choudhary Raghuveer , Solanki B. P. 
Published: January 2024

This comprehensive review explores the advances and applications of aminochelates in plant nutrition, shedding light on their significance and impact in modern agricultural practices. Aminochelates, which consist of metal ions chelated with amino acids, have gained substantial attention for their role in enhancing nutrient uptake and addressing deficiencies in various plant species. The review begins by delving into the fundamental principles of aminochelation and the unique properties that make these compounds highly effective in facilitating nutrient absorption by plants. The interaction between aminochelates and different nutrient elements is examined, providing insights into the mechanisms that contribute to improved nutrient availability in the soil and subsequent uptake by plant roots. Furthermore, the paper discusses the role of aminochelates in mitigating nutrient stress and enhancing plant growth and development. The review incorporates a comprehensive analysis of research findings, including studies on diverse crops, soil types, and environmental conditions. Special attention is given to the safety of aminochelates for plants and the environment, ensuring a balanced evaluation of their overall impact on sustainable agriculture. Additionally, the review explores recent technological advancements and innovations related to the synthesis and application of aminochelates, highlighting emerging trends and potential future developments in the field of plant nutrition.The synthesis methods, application strategies, and their efficacy in different agricultural settings are critically assessed. In conclusion, this review provides a thorough understanding of aminochelates, emphasizing their significance as a promising tool for improving plant nutrition. The insights presented in this paper contribute to the existing knowledge base, guiding future research directions and applications in the realm of sustainable and efficient agricultural practices.
Formulation and in vitro Evaluation of a Novel Gastroretentive Gas-Generating Floating Matrix Tablets of Domperidone
Authors: Mustafa Muhammad Abid , Shahzad Seerat , Tariq Zuha , Asghar Obeda , Ali Umar , Zaka Rabia , Suffyan Muhammad , Yaqoob Muhammad Junaid , Riaz Rimsha , Ali Kaif , Ahmed Umair , Safdar Aneeza , Aamir Muhammad , Iqbal Muhammad Zahid 
Published: January 2024

Aim and Objective: Domperidone floating matrix tablets were developed to increase the drug's bioavailability by prolonging its stomach residence time. These systems aim to provide controlled release, enhanced bioavailability, and improved patient compliance compared to conventional systems, especially for drugs with prolonged gastric residence.
Methodology: The wet granulation method was employed in formulating the tablets, utilizing polymers such as carboxymethylcellulose and carbopol. Various physical attributes of the tablets, including hardness, thickness, friability, weight variation, FTIR, XRD, drug content, and floating properties, were evaluated. Furthermore, the 12-hour in vitro drug release properties of the tablets were examined.
Results: As the tablets floated in the dissolving medium, they exhibited extended and sustained drug release characteristics. It was established that the drug release mechanism from these tablets followed Fickian diffusion, highlighting the crucial roles played by polymer rearrangement and water diffusion in the process of drug release. The choice of the optimal formulation (F3) was based on its in vitro characteristics.
Conclusion: The investigations conducted affirmed that the tablets are poised to deliver the intended therapeutic effects while maintaining an optimal residence time in the stomach, coupled with prolonged drug release.
Use of protective equipment among California farmers
Authors: Schenker Marc B. , Orenstein Marla R. , Samuels Steven J. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBackgroundAgriculture is a hazardous industry associated with many occupational injuries and illnesses. We describe California farmers' self‐reported exposure to five agricultural hazards and their use of protective equipment.MethodsA telephone survey of 1,947 California farmers recorded information on occupational exposure, health outcomes and use of protective equipment to lessen risk from exposure to dust, sun, noise, pesticides and tractors.ResultsOver 93% of respondents reported using personal protection around pesticides; however, fewer than 1/3 used consistent protection against other hazards. Younger age and male sex were associated with better use of protection from dust, noise, pesticide and tractors, but negatively associated with sun protection. There was no consistent relationship of protective behaviors with cigarette smoking, living on the farm, marital status, or time in non‐administrative farmwork. Risk perception was strongly associated with behavior; farmers concerned about specific health problems were much more likely to use protective equipment.ConclusionsSome farmer characteristics are associated with more safe behaviors, but efforts to encourage protective behaviors on farms should be broadly based in view of a lack of a single risk‐taking profile among California farmers. Am. J. Ind. Med. 42:455–464, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
How did cells get their size?
Authors: Morris Catherine E. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractCells exercise size homeostasis, and the origins of their ability to do so is the topic of this essay. Before there were cells, there were protocells. The most basic questions about protocells as objects are: What were they made of, and how big were they? Asking how big they were implies that the answer to the first part includes a boundary. The best candidate for that boundary is a self‐assembling lipid bilayer. Therefore, protocells are defined here as Darwinian liposomes—bilayer vesicles with mutable on‐board replicases linked to phenotypes. Because liposomes undergo spontaneous fission and fusion, and are subject to osmotic forces, size regulation in the earliest protocells would essentially have been liposome physics. For successful protocells, averting osmotic lysis would have been the first order of business. However, from the outset size mattered too, because of sex and reproduction (i.e., genome mixing and genome copying in entities with phenotypes). Protocell fission and fusion would have blended seamlessly into protocell sex and reproduction, making any gene product that furnished control over protocell size changes doubly adaptive. A recurrent theme is the feedback role of bilayer tension in protocell size control. Ways in which primitive peptides and their aggregates (e.g., channels) might have allowed liposomes to gain improved volume and surface area homeostasis are suggested. Domain‐swapped proteins that polymerize as filaments are discussed as the origin of cytoskeleton structures that diversify and stabilize liposome shapes and sizes. Throughout, attention is paid to the question of set points for cell size. Anat Rec 268:239–251, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evolution of glycosaminoglycans and their glycosyltransferases: Implications for the extracellular matrices of animals and the capsules of pathogenic bacteria
Authors: DeAngelis Paul L. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractGlycosaminoglycans (linear polysaccharides with a repeating disaccharide backbone containing an amino sugar) are essential components of extracellular matrices of animals. These complex molecules play important structural, adhesion, and signaling roles in mammals. Direct detection of glycosaminoglycans has been reported in a variety of organisms, but perhaps more definitive tests for the glycosyltransferase genes should be utilized to clarify the distribution of glycosaminoglycans in metazoans. Recently, glycosyltransferases that form the hyaluronan, heparin/heparan, or chondroitin backbone were identified at the molecular level. The three types of glycosyltransferases appear to have evolved independently based on sequence comparisons and other characteristics. All metazoans appear to possess heparin/heparan. Chondroitin is found in some worms, arthropods, and higher animals. Hyaluronan is found only in two of the three main branches of chordates. The presence of several types of glycosaminoglycans in the body allows multiple communication channels and adhesion systems to operate simultaneously. Certain pathogenic bacteria produce extracellular coatings, called capsules, which are composed of glycosaminoglycans that increase their virulence during infection. The capsule helps shield the microbe from the host defenses and/or modulates host physiology. The bacterial and animal polysaccharides are chemically identical or at least very similar. Therefore, no immune response is generated, in contrast to the vast majority of capsular polymers from other bacteria. In microbial systems, it appears that in most cases functional convergent evolution of glycosaminoglycan glycosyltransferases occurred, rather than direct horizontal gene transfer from their vertebrate hosts. Anat Rec 268:317–326, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A randomized comparison of care provided by a clinical nurse specialist, an inpatient team, and a day patient team in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Tijhuis Gerhardus J. , Zwinderman Aeilko H. , Hazes Johanna M. W. , Van Den Hout Wilbert B. , Breedveld Ferdinand C. , Vliet Vlieland Theodora P. M. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractObjectivesTo compare in a randomized, controlled trial the clinical effectiveness of care delivered by a clinical nurse specialist, inpatient team care, and day patient team care in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have increasing functional limitations.MethodsBetween December 1996 and January 1999, 210 patients with RA were recruited in the outpatient clinic of the rheumatology department of 6 academic and nonacademic hospitals. Clinical assessments recorded on study entry and weeks 6, 12, 26, and 52 included the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and the McMaster Toronto Arthritis Patient Preference Disability Questionnaire as primary outcome measures, and the RAND‐36 Item Health Survey, the Rheumatoid Arthritis Quality of Life questionnaire, the Health Utility Rating Scale, and the Disease Activity Score as secondary outcome measures. Patient satisfaction with care was measured on a visual analog scale in week 6 in all 3 groups and again in week 12 in the nurse specialist group.ResultsWithin all 3 groups, functional status, quality of life, health utility, and disease activity improved significantly over time (P < 0.05). However, a comparison of clinical outcome among the 3 groups and a comparison between the nurse specialist group and the inpatient and day patient care groups together did not show any sustained significant differences. Subgroup analysis showed that age had a significant impact on differences between the 3 treatment groups with respect to functional outcome as measured with the HAQ (P < 0.001). With increasing age, the most favorable outcome shifted from care provided by a clinical nurse specialist and inpatient care to day patient care. Patients' satisfaction with care was significantly lower in the nurse specialist group than in the inpatient and day patient care groups (P < 0.001).ConclusionCare provided by a clinical nurse specialist appears to have a similar clinical outcome in comparison with inpatient and day patient team care. Although all patients were highly satisfied with multidisciplinary care, patients who received care provided by a clinical nurse specialist were slightly less satisfied than those who received inpatient or day patient team care. Age appeared to be the only factor related to differences in functional outcome between the 3 treatment groups. The choice of management strategy may, apart from age, further be dependent on the availability of facilities, the preferences of patients and health care providers, and economic considerations.
Putative neurohemal release zones in the stomatogastric nervous system of decapod crustaceans
Authors: Skiebe Petra , Wollenschläger Tina 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe stomatogastric nervous system (STNS) of decapod crustaceans has long been used to study the modulation of small neural circuits. Profiles in the sheath of the nerves and ganglia of the STNS, which contain only dense‐core vesicles, have been described in electron microscopical studies (Friend [1976] Cell Tissue Res. 175:369–380; Kilman and Marder [1997] Soc Neurosci Abstr. 23:477; Skiebe and Ganeshina [2000] J Comp Neurol 420:373–397). These profiles resemble those found in neurohemal organs and suggest the presence of neurohemal release zones in the STNS. To map these putative neurohemal release zones, a combination of two antibodies was used in the present study. A synapsin antibody recognizing vesicle proteins of clear vesicles was combined with a synaptotagmin antibody recognizing vesicle proteins of clear and dense‐core vesicles. Exclusive synaptotagmin‐like staining, therefore, indicated the regions with only dense‐core vesicles. Such a staining was found in a mesh in the perineural sheath of nerves in the STNS of all three species investigated. In the crayfish Cherax destructor and the lobster Homarus americanus, the stained mesh was located in the sheath of nerves connecting all four ganglia of the STNS, whereas in the crab Cancer pagurus it was found on different nerves, which are more directly exposed to the hemolymph in this species. Exclusive synaptotagmin‐like staining was also found in a putative neurohemal release zone in the sheath of the circumoesophageal connectives and the postoesophageal commissure in C. destructor. These data suggest that an important source of modulation of the networks and the muscles of the stomach is a compartmentalized release of neurohormones from zones in the STNS. J. Comp. Neurol. 453:280–291, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nogo‐receptor gene activity: Cellular localization and developmental regulation of mRNA in mice and humans
Authors: Josephson Anna , Trifunovski Alexandra , Widmer Hans Ruedi , Widenfalk Johan , Olson Lars , Spenger Christian 
Published: October 2002

AbstractNogo (reticulon‐4) is a myelin‐associated protein that is expressed in three different splice variants, Nogo‐A, Nogo‐B, and Nogo‐C. Nogo‐A inhibits neurite regeneration in the central nervous system. Messenger RNA encoding Nogo is expressed in oligodendrocytes and central and peripheral neurons, but not in astrocytes or Schwann cells. Nogo is a transmembraneous protein; the extracellular domain is termed Nogo‐66, and a Nogo‐66‐receptor (Nogo‐R) has been identified. We performed in situ hybridization in human and mouse nervous tissues to map the cellular distribution of Nogo‐R gene activity patterns in fetal and adult human spinal cord and sensory ganglia, adult human brain, and the nervous systems of developing and adult mice. In the human fetus Nogo‐R was transcribed in the ventral horn of the spinal cord and in dorsal root ganglia. In adult human tissues Nogo‐R gene activity was found in neocortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and a subset of large and medium‐sized neurons of the dorsal root ganglia. Nogo‐R mRNA was not expressed in the adult human spinal cord at detectable levels. In the fetal mouse, Nogo‐R was diffusely expressed in brain, brainstem, trigeminal ganglion, spinal cord, and dorsal root ganglia at all stages. In the adult mouse strong Nogo‐R mRNA expression was found in neurons in neocortex, hippocampus, amygdala, habenula, thalamic nuclei, brainstem, the granular cell layer of cerebellum, and the mitral cell layer of the olfactory bulb. Neurons in the adult mouse striatum, the medial septal nucleus, and spinal cord did not express Nogo‐R mRNA at detectable levels. In summary, Nogo‐66‐R mRNA expression in humans and mice was observed in neurons of the developing nervous system Expression was downregulated in the adult spinal cord of both species, and specific expression patterns were seen in the adult brain. J. Comp. Neurol. 453:292–304, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.