bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
N41 Individual with Crohn's Disease Nursing Care According to Neuman Systems Model
Authors: Candan Z , Uçan Ş , Özer Küçük E 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Individualized care is important in managing chronic diseases such as Crohn's. Nursing models provide integrated nursing care specific to the individual. Neuman Systems Model is a holistic approach and multi-dimensional model that aims to provide a unifying focus for understanding people and their environment, making an organized approach to different nursing problems, and includes all physiological, psychological, sociocultural, spiritual and developmental variables that affect the individual. In this case, nursing care given by an IBD (inflammatory bowel diseases) nurse according to the Neuman Systems Model will be discussed.

Methods
Data were collected by the researcher using the 6-item questionnaire of the Neuman Systems Model by face-to-face interview at the inflammatory bowel diseases outpatient clinic, with written consent from a 20-year-old female patient. Differences in perception of the nurse and the patient were identified. The patient's withdrawal from sports and education due to Crohn's disease is defined as personal stressor, the weakening of social relationships is defined as interpersonal stressor, and the Covid-19 pandemic is defined as impersonal stressor. With the data collected, nursing care was planned for the nursing diagnoses of social isolation, impaired body perception and fatigue. As a result of the applied nursing interventions, it was observed that there was an improvement in the patient's social life, body perception and fatigue level.

Results
This case shows the effect of using the Neuman system model in nursing care given to a Crohn's patient on patient outcomes.

Conclusion
It is recommended to use theories in nursing care.
N44 Implementing Electronic Documentation of a Nurse-Led IBD Advice Line
Authors: Lukose T , Lardner C , O Toole A , Boland K 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Beaumont Hospital is a tertiary referral centre providing care to over 4500 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This service offers an IBD nurse telephone advice line per international IBD standards. This was established to allow patients on-demand access to our service, improving the overall quality of care.

Aims/Background
• Time-to-response is recorded for all calls
• Calls and emails are audited every month to ensure
• Local KPIs are met
• Identify potential weakness in service (i.e. access to emergency clinic spots)
• Ensure continued improvement and service evolution
• Track appropriate use of service by patients

Methods
Data was collected by establishing an Excel spreadsheet due to a lack of infrastructure to support a database. The spreadsheet will document the date of the call, date of the return call, patient name, hospital identification number, consultant name, reason for calling, and intervention time spent with each patient. Based on the initial audit of findings, the Patient Satisfaction Survey was distributed (n=110) and recorded.
Patient feedback to identify areas for education and service development

Results
Two thousand six hundred and thirty-three (2,633) calls were received from January 2022 to September 2022. Auditing is performed monthly, identifying areas requiring improvement. Patients are frequently re-educated on how to best engage with our service. Pathways have been established to divert the calls to the appropriate alternative services such as administrators, endoscopy department, infusion services, and GP services, freeing our service for the appropriate calls only—30% of calls related to IBD flares. IBD nurses directly managed 82% of patients with flares. Overall, 75% of calls were managed virtually by an IBD nurse. An online patient satisfaction survey showed that 98% of patients expressed excellent satisfaction with the advice line service.

Conclusion
The precise documentation guided the established lean pathways for prescription renewal and pathways to redirect patients to endoscopy and non-IBD queries. The study results in aids to establishing protocols to limit prescriptions for patients who are non-compliant with blood/visits. It developed written and verbal information for patients on parameters for appropriate service use—education of patients: Modified written and oral patient education. The results of an online patient satisfaction survey showed 98% of patients report satisfaction with “excellent. The precise documentation and measurement of all the calls received facilitates service improvements and locally appropriate patient care. Patient involvement in improvement projects allows improvements to develop with patients at the centre.
ECCO Grant Analysis of the tolerogenic role of the liver in controlling intestinal inflammation
Authors: Kempski Jan Michael 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
There is a close anatomical connection between the liver and the intestine. This connection is further highlighted by the association between Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Interestingly, PSC-associated IBD (PSC/IBD) presents with milder colitis symptoms compared to Crohn's disease and Ulcerative Colitis. We hypothesize that PSC has a protective impact on IBD, which is mediated by Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. This hypothesis is supported by our preliminary data. However, the mechanism by which PSC induces tolerance in the intestine remains unknown and answering this question is the aim of this proposal.

Methods
In Objective 1, we will test the hypothesis that changes in the intestinal microbiota mediate the protective effects of PSC on IBD. We will compare the intestinal microbiota in patients with PSC/IBD and IBD. This analysis will be complemented by functional experiments. Specifically, we aim to engraft germ-free wild type (WT) mice with fecal microbiota from PSC/IBD and IBD patients, as well as from Mdr2-deficient and WT mice. In these mouse models, we will analyze the effect of the microbiota on effector and regulatory T cells and on colitis susceptibility. In Objective 2, we will test whether changes in the composition of bile acids mediate the protective effects of PSC on IBD. To test this, we will deliver specific bile acids identified by us into Il10-deficient mice and analyze their impact on colitis severity and the intestinal T cell repertoire. Moreover, we will decipher how those bile acids impact the intestinal microbiota. Using in vitro assays, we will further test the direct effect of specific bile acids on T cell differentiation.

Anticipated Impact
Finally, our long-term aim is to understand how the liver induces immunological tolerance in the intestine. This knowledge could pave the way for new targeted therapies for inflammatory diseases.
Rice receptor kinase FLR7 regulates rhizosphere oxygen levels and enriches the dominant Anaeromyxobacter that improves submergence tolerance in rice
Authors: Liu Hong-Bin , Sun Hong-Xia , Du Li-Qiong , Jiang Ling-Li , Zhang Lin-An , Qi Yin-Yao , Cai Jun , Yu Feng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Oxygen is one of the determinants of root microbiome formation. However, whether plants regulate rhizosphere oxygen levels to affect microbiota composition and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. The receptor-like kinase (RLK) family member FERONIA modulates the growth–defense tradeoff in Arabidopsis. Here, we established that rice FERONIA-like RLK 7 (FLR7) controls rhizosphere oxygen levels by methylene blue staining, oxygen flux, and potential measurements. The formation of oxygen-transporting aerenchyma in roots is negatively regulated by FLR7. We further characterized the root microbiota of 11 FLR mutants including flr7 and wild-type Nipponbare (Nip) grown in the field by 16S ribosomal RNA gene profiling and demonstrated that the 11 FLRs are involved in regulating rice root microbiome formation. The most abundant anaerobic-dependent genus Anaeromyxobacter in the Nip root microbiota was less abundant in the root microbiota of all these mutants, and this contributed the most to the community differences between most mutants and Nip. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that flr7 increases aerobic respiration and decreases anaerobic respiration in the root microbiome. Finally, we showed that a representative Anaeromyxobacter strain improved submergence tolerance in rice via FLR7. Collectively, our findings indicate that FLR7 mediates changes in rhizosphere oxygen levels and enriches the beneficial dominant genus Anaeromyxobacter and may provide insights for developing plant flood prevention strategies via the use of environment-specific functional soil microorganisms.
The Constructive Black Queen hypothesis: new functions can evolve under conditions favouring gene loss
Authors: Takeuchi Nobuto , Fullmer Matthew S , Maddock Danielle J , Poole Anthony M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Duplication is a major route for the emergence of new gene functions. However, the emergence of new gene functions via this route may be reduced in prokaryotes, as redundant genes are often rapidly purged. In lineages with compact, streamlined genomes, it thus appears challenging for novel function to emerge via duplication and divergence. A further pressure contributing to gene loss occurs under Black Queen dynamics, as cheaters that lose the capacity to produce a public good can instead acquire it from neighbouring producers. We propose that Black Queen dynamics can favour the emergence of new function because, under an emerging Black Queen dynamic, there is high gene redundancy spread across a community of interacting cells. Using computational modelling, we demonstrate that new gene functions can emerge under Black Queen dynamics. This result holds even if there is deletion bias due to low duplication rates and selection against redundant gene copies resulting from the high cost associated with carrying a locus. However, when the public good production costs are high, Black Queen dynamics impede the fixation of new functions. Our results expand the mechanisms by which new gene functions can emerge in prokaryotic systems.
The legitimation of international adjudication
Authors: Godzimirska Zuzanna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Drawing on insights and methods from International Law, International Relations and Linguistics, the article untangles the discursive legitimation efforts of international adjudicative bodies. Adopting a mixed-methods approach that combines supervised learning methods, corpus methods and Critical Discourse Analysis it analyses the language of legitimation in the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice and the World Trade Organization’s Appellate Body over a period of 20 years (1996–2016). In so doing, the article cuts across disciplinary divides and offers a novel and empirically informed perspective to ongoing debates on the discursive legitimation of international adjudicative bodies.
Three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations of wandering intermediate-mass black holes considering the anisotropic radiation and dust sublimation
Authors: Ogata Erika , Ohsuga Ken , Fukushima Hajime , Yajima Hidenobu 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
By performing three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations, we study Bondi–Hoyle–Lyttleton accretion on to intermediate-mass black holes (BHs) wandering in the dusty gas. Here, we take into account the anisotropic radiation feedback and the sublimation of dust grains. Our simulations show that when the relative velocity between the BH and the gas is small ($\sim 20\rm\, km~s^{-1}$) and gas density is $\sim 10^4 \rm cm^{-3}$, the gas mainly accretes from near the equatorial plane of the accretion disc at a time-averaged rate of 0.6 per cent of the Bondi–Hoyle–Lyttleton rate. An ionized region like two spheres glued together at the equatorial plane is formed, and the dense shock shell appears near the ionization front. The BH is accelerated at $\sim 10^{-8}\, \rm cm~s^{-2}$ due to the gravity of the shell. For denser gas ($\sim 10^6 \rm cm^{-3}$), the time-averaged accretion rate is also 0.6 per cent of the Bondi–Hoyle–Lyttleton rate. However, the BH is decelerated at $\sim 10^{-7}\, \rm cm~s^{-2}$ due to gravity of the dense downstream gas although the dense shock shell appears upstream. Our simulations imply that intermediate-mass BHs in the early universe keep floating at $\gtrsim {\rm several}\, 10\, \rm km~s^{-1}$ without increasing mass in interstellar gas with density of $\sim 10^4\, \rm cm^{-3}$, and slow down and grow into supermassive BHs in galaxies with the density of $\sim 10^6\, \rm cm^{-3}$.
The R-Process Alliance: detailed chemical composition of an r-process enhanced star with UV and optical spectroscopy
Authors: Shah Shivani P , Ezzeddine Rana , Roederer Ian U , Hansen Terese T , Placco Vinicius M , Beers Timothy C , Frebel Anna , Ji Alexander P , Holmbeck Erika M , Marshall Jennifer , Sakari Charli M 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
We present a detailed chemical-abundance analysis of a highly r-process-enhanced (RPE) star, 2MASS J00512646-1053170, using high-resolution spectroscopic observations with Hubble Space Telescope/STIS in the UV and Magellan/MIKE in the optical. We determined abundances for 41 elements in total, including 23 r-process elements and rarely probed species such as Al ii, Ge i, Mo ii, Cd i, Os ii, Pt i, and Au i. We find that [Ge/Fe] = +0.10, which is an unusually high Ge enhancement for such a metal-poor star and indicates contribution from a production mechanism decoupled from that of Fe. We also find that this star has the highest Cd abundance observed for a metal-poor star to date. We find that the dispersion in the Cd abundances of metal-poor stars can be explained by the correlation of Cd i abundances with the stellar parameters of the stars, indicating the presence of NLTE effects. We also report that this star is now only the sixth star with Au abundance determined. This result, along with abundances of Pt and Os, uphold the case for the extension of the universal r-process pattern to the third r-process peak and to Au. This study adds to the sparse but growing number of RPE stars with extensive chemical-abundance inventories and highlights the need for not only more abundance determinations of these rarely probed species, but also advances in theoretical NLTE and astrophysical studies to reliably understand the origin of r-process elements.
Radio pulse profile evolution of magnetar Swift J1818.0−1607
Authors: Fisher R , Butterworth E M , Rajwade K M , Stappers B W , Desvignes G , Karuppusamy R , Kramer M , Liu K , Lyne A G , Mickaliger M B , Shaw B , Weltevrede P 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
The shape and polarization properties of the radio pulse profiles of radio-loud magnetars provide a unique opportunity to investigate their magnetospheric properties. Gaussian process regression analysis was used to investigate the variation in the total intensity shape of the radio pulse profiles of the magnetar Swift J1818.0–1607. The observed profile shape was found to evolve through three modes between MJDs 59104 and 59365. The times at which these transitions occurred coincided with changes in the amplitude of modulations in the spin-down rate. The amount of linear and circular polarization was also found to vary significantly with time. Lomb–Scargle periodogram analysis of the spin-down rate revealed three possibly harmonically related frequencies. This could point to the magnetar experiencing seismic activity. However, no profile features exhibited significant periodicity, suggesting no simple correlations between the profile variability and fluctuations of the spin-down on shorter time-scales within the modes. Overall, this implies that the mode changes seen are a result of local magnetospheric changes, with other theories, such as precession, less able to explain these observations.
Analytic Electrically Charged Black Holes in F(R)-ModMax Theory
Authors: Panah Behzad Eslam 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Motivated by a new model of nonlinear electrodynamics known as Modified Maxwell (ModMax) theory, an exact analytical solution for black holes is obtained by coupling ModMax nonlinear electrodynamics and F(R) gravity. Then, the effects of the system’s parameters (F(R)-ModMax gravity parameters) on the event horizons are analyzed. The obtained black hole thermodynamic properties in the F(R)-ModMax theory are investigated by extracting their thermodynamic quantities such as Hawking temperature, electric charge, electric potential, entropy, and also total mass. The first law of thermodynamics for the system under study is evaluated. Next, by considering these black holes, the impacts of various parameters on both the local stability and global stability are investigated by examining the heat capacity and the Helmholtz free energy, respectively. Finally, the thermodynamic geometry of the black hole in F(R)-ModMax gravity is investigated by applying the Hendi–Panahiyan–Eslam Panah–Momennia thermodynamic metric (HPEM’s metric).
Theranostic tools against lung and breast cancers: through the lens of mature gold nanoparticles and emerging graphene
Authors: Baskaran Savuntherii , Siew Qi Yan , Tan Michelle T T , Loh Hwei-San 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
In recent years, theranostic applications have emerged as promising tools in the fight against lung and breast cancers. This review aims to provide an in-depth exploration of the proof-of-concept theranostic applications of two cutting-edge nanomaterials: gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and graphene.

Key findings
Nanotechnology plays a revolutionary role in cancer theranostics. AuNPs’ properties include high surface plasmon resonances, advantageous surface-to-volume ratio, remarkable photothermal conversion rates, and distinctive optical characteristics. Whereas graphene boasts high surface areas, optical transparency, and remarkable versatility in surface functionalization. While AuNPs have long been recognized for their theranostic potential, this review spotlights the burgeoning role of graphene as a compelling choice for advancing theranostic applications in oncology with several exemplary studies. In fact, most recent advancements have witnessed the integration of AuNP-graphene nanocomposites in theranostic approaches targeting lung and breast cancers. Yet, there are still many intricate challenges that researchers face in harnessing the full potential of these nanomaterials in theranostics, from synthesis to clinical translation.

Summary
This review provides valuable insights into both established and emerging nanomaterials. AuNPs show significant potential for diverse cancer theranostic applications, and graphene is rapidly evolving as a next-generation theranostic platform. The hybrid AuNP-graphene nanocomposite stands out as a promising candidate in the evolving landscape of cancer therapy, offering exciting prospects for future research and development.
Exploring Quality and Requirements in Faculty Development Related to Teaching
Authors: Rudd Mariah , Whicker Shari , Mutcheson R. Brock , Nagler Alisa , Musick David 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Little is known about medical school requirements for faculty development related to teaching (FDT) in medical education. This study examined the national landscape and local faculty perceptions of their own institution's FDT requirement. An electronic survey was disseminated to Faculty Affairs Offices in US medical schools to assess FDT requirements. A second survey was distributed to faculty within one medical school to gauge faculty perceptions related to existing FDT requirements. Responses were received from approximately 33% of US medical schools and 36% of local faculty. Few responding medical schools had formal FDT requirements. There was a wide range variation of hours and activities necessary to satisfy existing requirements and consequences for noncompliance. For respondents from schools that did not have a requirement, many saw value in considering a future requirement. Many local faculty agreed that the FDT requirement improved their teaching skills. When asked to share other thoughts about the FDT requirement, several qualitative themes emerged. This study helps establish a national benchmark for the status of FDT requirements in medical education and revealed information on how to optimize and/or improve such requirements. The authors offer five recommendations for schools to consider regarding FDT.
The effect of the size of gold nanoparticle contrast agents on CT imaging of the gastrointestinal tract and inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Rosario-Berríos Derick N. , Pang Amanda , Liu Leening P. , Maidment Portia S. N. , Kim Johoon , Yoon Seokyoung , Nieves Lenitza M. , Mossburg Katherine , Adezio Andrew , Noel Peter , Lennon Elizabeth M. , Cormode David P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUlcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). CT imaging with contrast agents is commonly used for visualizing the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in UC patients. CT is a common imaging modality for evaluating IBD, especially in patients with acute abdominal pain presenting to emergency departments. CT’s major limitation lies in its lack of specificity for imaging UC, as the commonly used agents are not well-suited for inflamed areas. Recent studies gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in UC. Further systemic research is needed to explore novel contrast agents that can specifically image disease processes in this disease setting.
Spectral data fusion in nondestructive detection of food products: Strategies, recent applications, and future perspectives
Authors: Guo Minqiang , Wang Kaiqiang , Lin Hong , Wang Lei , Cao Limin , Sui Jianxin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the food industry has shown a growing interest in the development of rapid and nondestructive analytical methods. However, the utilization of a solitary nondestructive detection technique offers only a constrained extent of physical or chemical insights regarding the sample under examination. To overcome this limitation, the amalgamation of spectroscopy with data fusion strategies has emerged as a promising approach. This comprehensive review delves into the fundamental principles and merits of low‐level, mid‐level, and high‐level data fusion strategies within the domain of food analysis. Various data fusion techniques encompassing spectra‐to‐spectra, spectra‐to‐machine vision, spectra‐to‐electronic nose, and spectra‐to‐nuclear magnetic resonance are summarized. Moreover, this review also provides an overview of the latest applications of spectral data fusion techniques (SDFTs) for classification, adulteration, quality evaluation, and contaminant detection within the purview of food safety analysis. It also addresses current challenges and future prospects associated with SDFTs in real‐world applications. Despite the extant technical intricacy, the ongoing evolution of online data fusion platforms and the emergence of smartphone‐based multi‐sensor fusion detection technology augur well for the pragmatic realization of SDFTs, endowing them with formidable capabilities for both qualitative and quantitative analysis in the realm of food analysis.