bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autophagy and autophagy signaling in Epilepsy: possible role of autophagy activator
Authors: Ali Naif H. , Al-kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Gareeb Ali I. , Alnaaim Saud A. , Alexiou Athanasios , Papadakis Marios , Saad Hebatallah M. , Batiha Gaber El-Saber 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAutophagy is an explicit cellular process to deliver dissimilar cytoplasmic misfolded proteins, lipids and damaged organelles to the lysosomes for degradation and elimination. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is the main negative regulator of autophagy. The mTOR pathway is involved in regulating neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, neuronal development and excitability. Exaggerated mTOR activity is associated with the development of temporal lobe epilepsy, genetic and acquired epilepsy, and experimental epilepsy. In particular, mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) is mainly involved in epileptogenesis. The investigation of autophagy’s involvement in epilepsy has recently been conducted, focusing on the critical role of rapamycin, an autophagy inducer, in reducing the severity of induced seizures in animal model studies. The induction of autophagy could be an innovative therapeutic strategy in managing epilepsy. Despite the protective role of autophagy against epileptogenesis and epilepsy, its role in status epilepticus (SE) is perplexing and might be beneficial or detrimental. Therefore, the present review aims to revise the possible role of autophagy in epilepsy.
Combined single-step evaluation of functional longevity of dairy cows including correlated traits
Authors: Maugan Laure-Hélène , Rostellato Roberta , Tribout Thierry , Mattalia Sophie , Ducrocq Vincent 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
For years, multiple trait genetic evaluations have been used to increase the accuracy of estimated breeding values (EBV) using information from correlated traits. In France, accurate approximations of multiple trait evaluations were implemented for traits that are described by different models by combining the results of univariate best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) evaluations. Functional longevity (FL) is the trait that has most benefited from this approach. Currently, with many single-step (SS) evaluations, only univariate FL evaluations can be run. The aim of this study was to implement a “combined” SS (CSS) evaluation that extends the “combined” BLUP evaluation to obtain more accurate genomic (G) EBV for FL when information from five correlated traits (somatic cell score, clinical mastitis, conception rate for heifers and cows, and udder depth) is added.

Results
GEBV obtained from univariate SS (USS) evaluations and from a CSS evaluation were compared. The correlations between these GEBV showed the benefits of including information from correlated traits. Indeed, a CSS evaluation run without any performances on FL showed that the indirect information from correlated traits to evaluate FL was substantial. USS and CSS evaluations that mimic SS evaluations with data available in 2016 were compared. For each evaluation separately, the GEBV were sorted and then split into 10 consecutive groups (deciles). Survival curves were calculated for each group, based on the observed productive life of these cows as known in 2021. Regardless of their genotyping status, the worst group of heifers based on their GEBV in 2016 was well identified in the CSS evaluation and they had a substantially shorter herd life, while those in the best heifer group had a longer herd life. The gaps between groups were more important for the genotyped than the ungenotyped heifers, which indicates better prediction of future survival.

Conclusions
A CSS evaluation is an efficient tool to improve FL. It allows a proper combination of information on functional traits that influence culling. In contrast, because of the strong selection intensity on young bulls for functional traits, the benefit of such a “combined” evaluation of functional traits is more modest for these males.
Multichromosomal mitochondrial genome of Punica granatum: comparative evolutionary analysis and gene transformation from chloroplast genomes
Authors: Feng Lijuan , Wang Zenghui , Wang Chuanzeng , Yang Xuemei , An Mengmeng , Yin Yanlei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Punica granatum is a fundamentally important fruit tree that has important economic, medicinal and ornamental properties. At present, there are few reports on the mitochondrial genome of pomegranate. Hence, in this study the P. granatum mitogenome was sequenced and assembled to further understanding of organization, variation, and evolution of mitogenomes of this tree species.

Results
The genome structure was multi-chromosomes with seven circular contigs, measuring 382,774 bp in length with a 45.91% GC content. It contained 74 genes, including 46 protein-coding genes, 25 tRNA genes, and three rRNA genes. There were 188 pairs of dispersed repeats with lengths of 30 or greater, primarily consisting of reverse complementary repeats. The mitogenome analysis identified 114SSRs and 466 RNA editing sites. Analyses of codon usage, nucleotide diversity and gene migration from chloroplast to mitochondrial were also conducted. The collinear and comparative analysis of mitochondrial structures between P. granatum and its proximal species indicated that P. granatum ‘Taishanhong’ was closely related to P. granatum ‘Qingpitian’ and Lagerstroemia indica. Phylogenetic examination based on the mitogenome also confirmed the evolutionary relationship.

Conclusion
The results offered crucial information on the evolutionary biology of pomegranate and highlighted ways to promote the utilization of the species’ germplasm.
Social Prescribing Schemes in Primary Care in Spain (EvalRA Project): a mixed-method study protocol to build an evaluation model
Authors: Pola-Garcia M. , Carrera Noguero A. M. , Astier-Peña M. P. , Mira J. J. , Guilabert-Mora M. , Cassetti V. , Melús-Palazón E. , Gasch-Gallén A. ,   Consortium EvaLRA, Enríquez Martín N. , Asencio Aznar A. , Gimeno-Monterde C. , Cheikh-Moussa K. , Lou Alcaine M. L. , Benedé Azagra C. B. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Social Prescribing is a Primary Health Care service that provides people with non-clinical care alternatives that may have an impact on their health. Social Prescribing can be more or less formal and structured.
Social Prescribing Schemes are formal Social Prescribing of health assets by Primary Health Care teams in coordination and follow-up of patients with providers.
The emerging evidence suggests that this service can improve people’s health and well-being, create value and provide sustainability for the healthcare system. However, some evaluations note that the current evidence regarding social prescribing is insufficient and needs further investigation.
The EvaLRA project aims to elaborate an evaluation model of Social Prescribing Schemes in Primary Health Care based on a set of structure, process, and outcomes indicators.

Methods
In the region of Aragon, the Community Health Care Strategy aims to promote the development of social prescription schemes in Primary Health Care teams.
This study is divided into two stages. Stage 1: identification of primary health care teams that implement social prescribing schemes and establish a first set of indicators to evaluate social prescribing using qualitative consensus techniques with experts. Stage 2 evaluation of the relevance, feasibility and sensitivity of selected indicators after 6 and 12 months in primary health care teams. The results will provide a set of indicators considering structure, process and outcomes for social prescribing schemes.

Discussion
Current evaluations of the application of social prescribing schemes use different criteria and indicators. A set of agreed indicators and its piloting in primary health care teams will provide a tool to evaluate the implementation of social prescription schemes. In addition, the scorecard created could be of interest to other health systems in order to assess the service and improve its information system, deployment and safety.
Alcohol increases treatment failure for Helicobacter pylori eradication in Asian populations
Authors: Yu Jing , Lv Yiming , Yang Peng , Jiang Yizhou , Qin Xiangrong , Wang Xiaoyong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background and Aim
Whether alcohol intake is associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication failure remains controversial, and this meta-analysis was aimed at investigating the effect of alcohol on the risk of H. pylori eradication failure.

Methods
Relevant studies were systematically screened for and retrieved from PubMed and Web of Science (updated to January 2022), and relevant references were manually reviewed. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Subgroup, publication bias, and sensitivity analyses were also conducted.

Results
A total of 40 studies were included in the meta-analysis. No significant association was found between alcohol consumption and the risk of H. pylori eradication failure (OR = 1.09, 95% CI, 0.94–1.26). However, in subgroup analyses stratified by region, a positive association was found in Asian patients (OR = 1.23, 95% CI, 1.03–1.47). In Asian patients, alcohol consumption was associated with the risk of H. pylori eradication failure when the duration of therapy was > 7 days (OR = 1.17, 95% CI, 1.10–1.25), when the treatment regimen included nitroimidazoles (OR = 1.16, 95% CI, 1.09–1.24), and when patients were treated with bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (OR = 1.17, 95% CI, 1.10–1.25). Alcohol intake > 40 g/day was associated with H. pylori eradication failure (OR = 3.17, 95% CI, 1.56–6.41). Moreover, in Asian patients who were administered a vonoprazan (VPZ)-based therapy regimen, alcohol consumption had no effect on H. pylori eradication rates (OR = 1.73, 95% CI, 0.98–3.05).

Conclusion
Our meta-analysis clearly showed that a higher daily alcohol intake was associated with a higher risk of H. pylori eradication failure in Asian populations. Moreover, a VPZ-based treatment regimen can prevent this effect.
Antibiotics susceptibility patterns of uropathogenic bacteria: a cross-sectional analytic study at Kanifing General Hospital, The Gambia
Authors: Kebbeh Abou , Dsane-Aidoo Paul , Sanyang Kawsu , Darboe Sheriffo M. K. , Fofana Nuha , Ameme Donne , Sanyang Abdoulie M. , Darboe Kalifa Sanneh , Darboe Saffiatou , Sanneh Bakary , Kenu Ernest , Anto Francis 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance poses a public health threat for the treatment of community-acquired urinary tract infections. This study determined the susceptibility patterns of uropathogens and associated risk factors among outpatients diagnosed with urinary tract infections at the Kanifing General Hospital in the Gambia.

Methods
A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted among patients with suspected urinary tract infections at Kanifing General Hospital from March to May 2021. Data on socio-demographic and other risk factors were collected from the study participants using a structured pre-tested questionnaire. Mid-stream urine samples were collected, and bacteria identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing done using standard microbiological methods. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis were done to determine factors associated with urinary tract infection at 95% confidence level and a p -value < 0.05.

Results
A total of 422 patients were enrolled with 82.5% (348/422) being females. The prevalence of community acquired urinary tract infection was 12.8% (54/422). Escherichia coli was the most prevalent isolate (74.1%, 40/54), followed by Klebsiella spp (8.5%, 10/54). Antimicrobial resistance was highest for Ampicillin (87.0%, 47/54), Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (77.8%, 42/54) and Tetracycline (75.9%, 41/54). Uropathogens sensitivity was 77.8% (42/54) for Nitrofurantoin and 75.9% (41/54) for Ceftazidime. Being female (aOR 5.90 95% CI = 1.48–23.67), previous history of urinary tract infection (aOR 2.34, 95% CI = 1.06–5.14), use of unprescribed antibiotics (aOR 2.0, 95% CI = 1.05–3.62) and having no formal education (aOR 8.02, 95% CI = 1.04–62.0) were significant factors associated for having uropathogenic bacterial infection.

Conclusion
E. coli was the most prevalent uropathogen isolated. Ciprofloxacin, Nitrofurantoin and Ceftazidime were the most sensitive antibiotics. Routine surveillance of susceptibility of uropathogenic bacteria would be helpful to update clinicians on the choice of antibiotics.
Diagnostic delay, treatment duration and outcomes since the implementation of integrated model of tuberculosis control and their associated factors in a county in East China
Authors: Xie Yuanxiang , Shum Ting Ting , Tian Zhenming , Lin Chuanheng , Chen Lingyuan , Chen Bin , Huang Dajiang , Zhu Lei , Zou Guanyang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study assesses the diagnostic delay, treatment duration and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis (TB) patients since the implementation of the integrated model of TB control in a county in eastern China. It further identifies factors associated with diagnostic delay and treatment duration in the integrated model.MethodsWe collected data through the Chinese Tuberculosis Information Management System (TBIMS) for Cangnan County in Zhejiang Province. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were adopted to identify factors associated with duration of treatment and treatment delay for TB patients within the integrated model. Multiple regression analysis was subsequently performed to confirm the identified factors.ResultsIn the integrated model from 2012 to 2018, the median health system delay was maintained at 1 day, and the median patient delay decreased from 14 to 9 days and the median total delay decreased from 15 to 11 days. In addition, the proportion of patients who experienced patient delay > 14 days and total delay > 28 days decreased from 49% to 35% and from 32% to 29% respectively. However, the proportion of patients who had health system delay > 14 days increased from 0.2% to 13% from 2012 to 2018. The median treatment duration increased from 199 to 366 days and the number of TB patients lost to follow-up showed an overall upward trend from 2012 to 2018. The multivariable regression analysis indicated that migrant TB patients and TB patients initially diagnosed in hospitals at the prefectural level and above tended to experience total delay > 28 days (p < 0.001). Linear regression analysis confirmed that new TB patients>60 years tended to have longer treatment duration (p < 0.05).ConclusionsWhile our study may suggest the potential of the integrated model in early detection and diagnosis of TB, it also suggests the importance of strengthening supervision and management of designated hospitals to optimize the treatment duration and improve retention of patients in TB care. Enhancing health education for TB patients, especially amongst migrant patients, and training in TB identification and referral for non-TB doctors are also key for early TB detection and diagnosis in the integrated model.
Evaluation of cervical cancer screening program in Gondar city administration public health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021: mixed method approach
Authors: Tsegaye Ketemaw , Hagos Asebe , Kindie Hailemichael , Minyihun Amare , Teshale Getachew 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer is one of the most malignancies in women all over the world. Over 90% of cases occurred in low and middle-income countries with limited resources. Even though cervical cancer is preventable, the Sub-Saharan countries are the most burdened. In Ethiopia 27.19 million women are at risk of acquiring cervical cancer. Although the prevalence of cervical cancer screening among women aged 18 to 69 was around 14%, due to COVID 19 and internal conflict the screening prevalence was lowered to 0.2% by 2022.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate cervical cancer screening program implementation at Gondar city administration public health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
Single case study design with mixed method evaluation was employed in eight public health facilities of Gondar city administration from March 29 to May 30, 2021. The quantitative data were collected through exit interviews and resources inventory observations. While qualitative data were collected through Key informant interviews, non-participatory observation and document review. A total of 310 clients, 14 key informants, 30 non-participatory observations and six months retrospective document reviews were included in this evaluation. Quantitative data were entered into EPI-data version 4.6 and exported into SPSS version 20 for analysis. For qualitative data; records were transcribed, translated and analyzed in themes. Variables with P-value < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval and adjusted odds ratio were used to declare associated variables with client satisfaction.

Results
The overall implementation of cervical cancer screening program with visual inspection with acetic acid was 64.5%. The availability of program resources, compliance of healthcare providers and satisfaction of mothers were 52.3%, 64.3% and 77.1% respectively.
Being educated, having information on cervical cancer screening and the number of lifetime sexual partners were positively associated variables with client satisfaction.

Conclusion
The cervical cancer screening program was judged as partially-implemented and needs urgent improvement based on pre-determined judgment parameters. To implement the program properly and serve more women; human and material resources should be available, providers shall be trained and the health facilities should equip with full infrastructures like electric power supply and separate procedure rooms.
Changing trajectory of daily physical activity levels among at-risk adolescents: influences of motivational mechanisms
Authors: Deng Anqi , Zarrett Nicole , Moon Jongho , Sweeney Allison M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Guided by Self-Determination Theory (SDT), the purpose of this study was to determine changes in the 16-week moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) trajectory of underserved adolescents who participated in the Connect through PLAY afterschool program intervention and the effects of changes in participating adolescents’ intrinsic and autonomous extrinsic motivations on their MVPA trajectory over the 16-week intervention.

Methods
A subsample of 113 adolescents (56.64% female; 61.06% African American; average age = 11.29) provided complete data throughout the 16-week intervention were examined. Adolescents’ objective daily MVPA was measured using 7- day accelerometer data. Changes in adolescents’ intrinsic motivation and autonomous extrinsic motivation were assessed using subscales from the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory [1] and the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire [2] respectively. A hierarchical linear model was built and tested to address the research aims.

Results
The results of hierarchical linear models showed that, on average, youth daily MVPA increased 6.36 minutes in each 8-week period. Intrinsic motivation change, but not autonomous extrinsic motivation, was a positive and significant level-2 predictor of daily MVPA changes.

Conclusion
The findings provide significant evidence suggesting a benefit of integrating SDT-based approaches and further suggest that nurturing intrinsic motivation can be an effective approach to supporting youth daily MVPA in under-resourced afterschool programs.

Trial registration
Connect Through PLAY: A Staff-based Physical Activity Intervention for Middle School Youth (Connect). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03732144. Registered November 6th, 2018.
A joint survival model for estimating the association between viral load outcome and survival time to death among HIV/AIDS patients attending health care and treatment centers in Tanzania
Authors: Luvanda Habiel Benjamin , Mukyanuzi Elevatus Nkebukwa , Akarro Rocky R. J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Globally, HIV/AIDS is one of the diseases that have a huge burden in terms of cost and health of individuals; and Sub-Sahara Africa is the highly affected region by the pandemic. Tanzania is among the countries that have a higher prevalence of HIV/AIDS-related mortality. This study aimed at using the joint survival model to estimate the association between viral load outcome and survival outcome to death adjusting for age, sex, adherence, and visit date.

Methods
Secondary data from a retrospective cohort of HIV patients attending health care and treatment centers were used to analyze the association between the longitudinal viral load and time-to-death outcomes. The three-step analysis was based on the individual mixed effects linear model and the Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the significance of the independent outcomes, and the joint survival model as a final model. The joint model was used to estimate the factors affecting the average change in log viral load over time and the risk factors for the survival time of HIV patients. The exposures for both models were ART adherence status, age, male, and visit date whereas the outcome for the LMM was log viral load and the outcome for the Cox PH model was time-to-death in years.

Results
The joint survival model results revealed that a 10-year increase in age was associated with a 37% increased risk of death (HR = 1.369, 95% CI: 1.253–1.844), and being male was associated with a 49% higher risk of death (HR = 1.489, 95% CI: 1.202–1.844) compared to females. The results also provided evidence of an association between the longitudinal log viral load and the survival time to death ) whereby a unit increase in the log viral load was associated with a 26% increase in the risk of death (HR = 1.262, 95% CI: 1.226–1.301).

Conclusion
The joint survival model analysis provided valuable insights into the associations between time to death and log viral load with adherence to ART, age, visit date, and sex of the patients. This implies that viral load suppression, as well as sex and age-specific interventions, are necessary for reducing HIV/AIDS-related deaths.