bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Hypothetical Radiological Accident at Potential Nuclear Power Plant Sites in Malaysia
Authors: Jamaludin A F , Karim M K A , Kechik M M A , Shah N M , Harun M H , Kamal I 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
After any nuclear incident, the main concern for human well-being is the extent of radiation released beyond the site. This study simulated a similar scenario on three potential nuclear power plant sites in Malaysia, using the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant incident as a reference. The computer model Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) was used to simulate and track the movement of air parcels and the dispersion of radioactive emissions. HYSPLIT analyzed the dispersion profile of radioactive materials, revealing that in S1, S2, and S3, the maximum ground dose was 7.9 mSv, 28.0 mSv, and 7.6 mSv, respectively. The maximum activity deposited on the ground was 62 MBq, 210 MBq, and 14 MBq for S1, S2, and S3, respectively. The analysis of ground deposition indicated that S1 covered an estimated area of 1500 km2, S2 covered 3025 km2, and S3 had the largest coverage of approximately 4537 km2. Overall, this study demonstrates that the hypothetical accident would contaminate the vicinity of the three potential nuclear power plant (NPP) sites.
Initial Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) Modeling of Graphene Based on Intra-band Surface Conductivity
Authors: Tola P S , Wardhani P C , Islamiyah S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Graphene is a single two-dimensional layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, possesses interesting optical properties, and has potential for applications in optical devices. Graphene exhibits tunable surface conductivity, which arises from its electronic band structure. Graphene surface conductivity is determined by its chemical potential, which can be controlled by bias voltage and/or chemical doping. The tunability of surface conductivity allowed to tailored optical properties of graphene, making it a controllable material for optoelectronic applications. Graphene surface conductivity is applied to update the field values at each time step in the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method, enabling us to visualize electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation in graphene. The current article serves as a starting point for developing the FDTD approach to simulate EM wave interactions with graphene, particularly at low frequencies. In this study, we use the Kubo formula for low EM wave frequency (10-105 GHz) at ambient temperature to calculate the intra-band surface conductivity of graphene. The outcome shows that the imaginer’s intra-band surface conductivity value is relatively considerable compared to the actual value at frequencies between 102 and 104. Moreover, the chemical potential exhibits a positive linear relationship with the imaginer intra-band surface conductivity and the intra-band conductivity falls to zero as the frequency rises to NIR.
A Profile of senior high school student’s critical thinking skills in physics learning
Authors: Neswary S B A , Prahani B K , Marianus  , Wibowo F C , Uulaa R F R 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the 21stcentury, students are required to have skills, one of which is Critical Thinking Skill (CTS) in physics learning. Physics aims to master concepts and principles to solve problems by applying critical thinking skills in physics learning. This study aims to analyze the CTS profile of Senior High School (SHS) in physics learning. This current research is pre-research with 107 of 10thgrade students as participants. This research was conducted in a high school in Indonesia. CTS has four indicators: interpretation, analysis, evaluation, and inference. In this study, the CTS profile of high school students in physics learning is still low. The implications of this study can be used as a bridge as clear evidence that the CTS of SHS students in physics learning is still low and needs to be leveled up.
Design of Multi-band Microstrip Antenna with Rectangular Patch for 2.3 GHz, 2.4 GHz, and 3.5 GHz Frequencies
Authors: Katsirotin  , Rahayu V 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Cellular developments encourage the integration of both 4G, Wi-Fi, and 5G network technologies into one device; an antenna is a tool that can be used to support the integration of these networks. A microstrip antenna is an antenna that is small, light, thin, easy to fabricate, and can be used in long ranges. In this paper, a microstrip antenna is designed on a printed circuit board (PCB) with a permittivity of 4.3 and a thickness of 1.6 mm. This research aims to design a microstrip antenna that is capable of working on 4G (2.3 GHz), Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz), and 5G 3.5 GHZ) frequencies in one antenna. The microstrip antenna is designed on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) with a permittivity of 4.3 and a thickness of 1.6 mm, rectangular shaped patches, and each patch is connected using a bridging method. Next, the antenna is simulated using CST Suite 2021 software. Simulation results at frequencies of 2.3 GHz, 2.4 GHz, and 3.5 GHz produce return losses of -23.70, -22.87, and -20.60, VSWR values of 1, respectively. .13, 1.15, and 1.20, the bandwidth values are 6.27%, 3.84%, and 5.84%, respectively, and the gain values are 4.69 dBi, 8.53 dBi, and 3.49 dBi.
Dynamic and Relaxation of PEG polymer Chain Segment for Phase Change Materials (PCMs)
Authors: Fauziyah N A , Sakinah  , Rachma W , Paratapa S , Perwitasaric D S , Wardhani P C , Hidayah E N 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This work’s most notable memory concept for next-generation novels was a reversible phase shift in a substance called phase change materials (PCMs). Here, a polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer relaxation study employing DMA will be conducted to investigate the qualities of PCMs as superior materials. Through the method of wet mixing, PEG polymer with reinforcement made of silica was synthesized. The variation of silica xerogel was a composition of up to 20% silica xerogel. Adding silica is quite good in reducing the loss factor up to 50 MPa at the addition of 20% silica xerogel. This condition was due to the bonds formed in the polymer chain causing shrinkage and flexibility of composites. Due to the addition of silica xerogel as filler, we can study the relaxation behavior and loss factor of a material using DMA and learn more about its viscoelastic characteristics, including its capacity to absorb vibrations, resistance to impacts, and overall mechanical performance at various temperatures. Relaxation was frequently used to describe phase change materials (PCMs), especially when discussing their capacity to store thermal energy. The release or absorption of thermal energy by a PCM during its phase transition was referred to as the relaxation process.
Suitability of Torricelli’s Theorem Formulation in Cases of Leaking Reservoirs with Video Analysis Tracker
Authors: Habibbulloh M , Anggaryani M , Satriawan M , Saputra O , Zakaria A , Septiawan F 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aims to empirically prove the Torricelli equation formula in the case of leaky reservoirs with the help of video tracker analysis. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive. The experiment was carried out with a simple tool: a 19-liter gallon of water filled with water and dyed, and then three holes were made vertically with different heights. The gallon is filled with water with a constant water level. Next, take a video of each leaking hole. Video is analyzed with Tracker software. Variables observed were the velocity of water exiting from the leak point (v), the time it took for water to gush from the leak point to the bottom (t), and the horizontal distance from the leak point position to the bottom (x). The results obtained based on video analysis with the tracker are that the farther the distance from the surface of the water to the leak point, the farther the horizontal distance of the resulting jet of water will be. This study concludes that theoretical data and experimental data have significant value, so the video analysis tracker software is feasible to use in dynamic and static fluid learning.
Could Physics Teachers Also Have Misconceptions on Basic Kinematics?
Authors: Admoko S , Suliyanah  
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The role of a physics teacher in learning is to facilitate student activities to construct correct conceptual understanding as that of a scientist. As the primary source of knowledge for students, a physics teacher is required to have the right concept, but this demand is not necessarily fully fulfilled. This study aims to determine the profile of physics teachers’ understanding of concepts on kinematics material detected by a four-tier misconception test. Participants in this study were 20 high school physics teachers in Surabaya. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that the dominant misconceptions included: (1) Two objects that make the same displacement at the same time interval will have the same velocity, regardless of the type of movement of the two objects (2) Objects that move vertically straight up or down will always have the acceleration of motion equal to the acceleration of gravity which is directed downwards. (3) As long as the object’s position is at positive coordinates, it means the object is moving in the forward direction. (4) The graph of velocity against time, which has a positive gradient, means that the object always moves forward (5) In parabolic motion, the length of time an object is in the air only depends on the length of its path, the longest path will require the longest time. (6) In parabolic motion, the final speed of an object when it lands on the ground depends not only on its initial speed but also on its elevation angle. The findings of several misconceptions above show that even a physics teacher cannot escape misconceptions. Therefore, it is crucial for a teacher to be able to remedy the misconceptions he suffers so that these misconceptions are not transmitted to the students he teaches. This finding is the first step for researchers to detect misconceptions, followed by the application of certain learning methods to remedy misconceptions in future research.
Archimedean Screw Based Micro Hydro Power Plant (MHPP) Prototype with Turbine Elevation Angle Parameters
Authors: Indarto B , Kumalasari D N , Bustomi M A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Electrical energy has a very important role in human life, but the electricity supply still needs to meet society’s needs fully. Many potential energy resources can be converted into electrical energy. One of the potential energy resources is the flow of water, which can be used for micro-hydro power plants in remote areas. This paper presents the results of an analysis of a prototype Micro Hydro Power Plant (MHPP) using a 3-blade turbine with a gearbox ratio of 2.8:1. The purpose of the analysis is to determine the greatest value of voltage, current, power, rpm, torque, and efficiency based on variations in the angle of the turbine tilt of 20°, 25°, 30°, and 35° at a water debit of 2.91 l/s and a generator in the form of BLDC 3 phase. The measurement results and data analysis found that the turbine tilt angle of 20° produced the greatest voltage, rpm, torque, and efficiency values. This is because the increase in the angle of inclination of the turbine results in an addition to the volume of the bucket so that the speed of the water flow in the turbine increases. As a result of the addition of this water flow, the turbine becomes heavier to rotate so that the efficiency value decreases.
Morphological Identification of Rocks around Ranupani Village, Mount Semeru, Lumajang, East Java
Authors: Hariyono E , Fahmi M N , Wulandari A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mount Semeru is the highest volcano on Java Island, with its peak of Mahameru at 3.676 meters above sea level (masl). The Semeru volcano is of the Strato type with volcanic-strombolian eruption. This study aims to identify the morphology of rocks found around the mountain in Ranupani Village, Mount Semeru, Lumajang, East Java. Samples were prepared from rocks that had been searched in a limited area from Ranupani Village, Semeru Volcano, then selected, and taken a small portion of the process into powder form, then filtered or sifted. After the sieving process is done, a subtle powder will be obtained. The subtle powder is then ready for XRD testing to find out the identification of the rock morphology. The x-ray diffraction test results were then analyzed qualitatively with the method of search and match. Qualitative analysis of XRD is to determine the crystal structure and composition of the elements contained in these rocks. The sample, phase 1, showed the presence of Barium diiron tetraoxide (Ba Fe2 O4) to form a crystal system orthorhombic. The sample_2 phase shows the presence of Albite (Al Na O8 Si3) to form a crystal system triclinic (anorthic). In sample_3, the phase indicates the presence of Anorthite (Al2 Ca O8 Si2) and the presence of Albite (Al Na O8 Si3) to form a crystal system triclinic (anorthic). The results of rock characteristics with X-ray diffraction show that in sample _2 and sample _3, resulting Silica and Aluminum elements are present. This suggests that the predominant minerals in these samples are likely silicates, such as feldspars and clay minerals, which are rich in silica and aluminum. Further analysis is needed to identify these samples’ specific mineral compositions and proportions. Through Match! 2, from the top of the diffraction pattern (short angle 2 10, 10-60 °), the sample corresponds to the silica and aluminum diffraction patterns.
The Relationship between Multiple Representational Skills and Understanding of Physics Concepts in the Pre-Service Science Teacher
Authors: Wasis  , Widodo W , Sunarti T , Setyarsih W , Jauhariyah M N R , Zainuddin A 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe concept of physics has various representations that must be mastered by the Pre-Service Science Teacher (PSST). It is not uncommon for PSST to have poor multiple representation skills, impacting the delivery of concepts in school. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the profile of multiple representation skills and their relation to understanding the concept of PSST Physics. The representations studied include verbal, visual, symbolic, and mathematical forms. Eleven PSST became respondents in the study. Multiple representation and conception measurements use instruments with a three-tier item format containing content, argumentation, and confidence levels. Student responses are analyzed descriptively, qualitatively, and quantitatively. The findings of this study are: 1) 18% of PSST belong to the concept understanding, 27% experienced misconceptions, and the rest (55%) were classified as not knowing the concept or responding by guessing; 2) the highest representation format mastered by students is the visual representation, and the lowest is the mathematical representation; and 3) the ability to multiple representations and understand physics concepts has a significant and perfect correlation with a Pearson Correlation of 0.847. This research implies that learning for PSST can emphasize multiple representation abilities as it affects their understanding of concepts.
A Profile of Senior High School Students’ Problem-solving Skills on Dynamic Fluid Materials
Authors: Qotrunnada N A , Prahani B K , Marianus  , Wibowo F C , Uulaa R F R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Physics learning requires problem-solving in the learning process. This research is a pre-experimental study with random samples. This research aims to find out the initial profile of high school students’ problem-solving on dynamic fluid material. The subjects of this study were 108 students of grade XI in senior high school. The problem-solving indicator used ACCES, which consists of 5 indicators. The result shows that the problem-solving abilities of high school students in dynamic fluid material still need to be improved because of several factors. Earning models and media need to be more relevant in supporting students’ problem-solving abilities. This research can be used as empirical evidence that students’ problem-solving skill in dynamic fluid material needs to be improved.
The Results Comparison of Numerical and Analytical Methods for Electric Potential on Rectangular Pipes
Authors: Maulana Z S , Rizaldi M F R , Bustomi M A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Two methods can be used to solve the problem of electric potential distribution in a rectangular pipe: numerical and analytical. The analytical solution is obtained using the Laplace equation and the given boundary conditions to complete the solution in the form of a linear combination of sinusoidal and hyperbolic functions. While the numerical solution is obtained using the finite difference method in the Python programming language. The comparison between the analytical and numerical solutions shows that the two have a good fit. This can be seen from the graph of the electric potential distribution in the rectangular pipe produced by the two methods. Numerical solutions obtained using the finite difference method in the Python programming language provide accurate and efficient results in solving the problem of the electric potential distribution in rectangular pipes. The use of the first four terms in the analytical method and the selection of 4 observation points on the pipe, namely points A (3.33, 1.67), B (3.33, 3.34), C (6.67, 1.67), and D (6.67, 3.34) produces a difference in the electric potential value between analytical and numerical methods each point is 35.91%, 51.96%, 51.96%, and 35.91%. The value difference between analytical and numerical methods will be smaller if more terms are taken in the analytical calculation, and more observation points are considered on the pipe.
Performance of Polyaniline Thin Film as a Functional Material of Acid Vapor Sensors
Authors: Pratiwi I F R , Putri N P , Rohmawati L , Kusumawati D H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Polyaniline (PANI) is a conductive polymer that can be produced by the electrodeposition process. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the performance of PANI sensors on hydrochloric acid (HCl) and acetic acid (CH3COOH) vapor using a scan rate of 100 mV/s and ten cycles, a thin PANI layer was created on the surface of the ITO substrate. The PANI spectroscopic test results before and after CH3COOH vapor exposure revealed no differences and remained within the PANI functional group range. A four-point probe (FPP) test was performed to evaluate the sensing performance of the PANI thin film against analyte gas. The results of recovery time, response time, and sensitivity tended to increase as analyte concentration increased. The quickest CH3COOH sensing (1 ppm) has a reaction time of 29.7 seconds, a recovery time of 21.9 seconds, and a sensitivity of 5.11%. The greatest CH3COOH sensing (10 ppm) resulted in a reaction time of 50.3 seconds, a recovery time of 39.7 seconds, and a sensitivity of 13.64%. The reaction time for the lowest HCl sensing (1 ppm) was 42.6 s, the recovery time was 32.4 s, and the sensitivity was 7.82%. The greatest level of CH3COOH sensing (10 ppm) resulted in a response time of 60.6 s, a recovery time of 55.3 s, and a sensitivity of 16.31%. As a result, the PANI thin film is a functional material for acid gas sensors.
Chemical Reagent Localization and Recognition Algorithm for Robot Chemists Based on YOLOv5 and CRNN
Authors: Liu Jiasheng , Li Haoyuan , Zhang Han , He Chuanning , Xiong Liangtao , Shi Yue , Liu Zhifan , Li Xiaolong , Zhang Jianhua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Artificial intelligence and robotics are increasingly used in chemical experiments for reagent preparation, but it is still a challenge to accurately grasp the reagent bottle in small and dense scenarios. Therefore, precise positioning and identification of the reagent bottles are crucial. However, the different kinds of chemical reagents create complexity in target detection, making the task difficult. Therefore, we propose a model, named TA-YOLOv5, based on YOLOv5 for the task of chemical reagent localization. To enrich our dataset and prevent single-background overfitting, we employed Mosaic and Mix-Up data augmentation during dataset processing. Furthermore, Transformer Encoder and Coordinate Attention modules are utilized to enhance the feature expressive ability for both small target objects and global information during model training. Finally, the CIoU-NMS algorithm is utilized to optimize prediction box filtering in dense scenarios. In addition, for the task of chemical reagent classification, this paper uses the CRNN (Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network) algorithm to identify character information on the label of the reagent bottle, enabling the successful classification of the reagent bottle. The experimental results illustrate that TA-YOLOv5 achieves 98.49% precision on the self-made reagent bottles dataset, which is 4.12% higher than the YOLOv5 network model. Moreover, the CRNN network reached 97.6% accuracy on IIIT 5k dataset.
Complex Query in Process Knowledge Graph Based on Box Embedding
Authors: Zhou Tingting , Wang Yajun , Jin Bo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
To make use of past practical experience and expertise effectively and accurately, and reduce the waste of resources due to repetitive labor, this paper conducts intricate multi-hop logical deduction by using the information obtained from the process knowledge graph (PKG). Here, BoxE is introduced in this context, which is a box embedding framework designed to address diverse First-Order Logic queries (FOL) across Process Knowledge Graphs (PKG). A key insight of BoxE is that entities and queries can be embedded as boxes and geometric operations can be used iteratively for logical reasoning to answer the complex logical queries. Our demonstration showcases BoxE’s ability to effectively respond to various First-Order Logic queries involving technology, process, procedure, etc. on PKG and shows that BoxE has higher accuracy on each query structure, which can generalize unseen query structures and answer complex query structures scalably and accurately.
Improved Genetic Algorithm Based on Oscillation Factor to Solve the AUV Path Planning Problem
Authors: Wu Zhengjia , Zuo Luyang , Ma Jianming , Meng Ronghua , Xiang Chongchong , Guan Feng , Cheng Xinhao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the bi-objective AUV path planning problem considering the shortest path and the minimum path smoothness is studied. Firstly, a mathematical model of the problem is established and a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system model is used to model the AUV working environment. Then the dual objective is normalized and transformed into an adaptation function by dimensionality reduction. An improved Genetic Algorithm is proposed to solve the problem according to its characteristics. An initial solution generation strategy for the n-1 equipartition method based on the improved oscillation factor is designed, and an elite retention strategy with simulated annealing operation is introduced to improve the genetic strategy. To verify the effectiveness of the improved algorithm in this paper, simulation experiments were conducted by the Microsoft Visual Studio platform. After the comparison and analysis of the three algorithms, the algorithm proposed in this paper has shorter and smoother paths, faster convergence speed, and more obvious advantages in the quality of the solution.