bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal and differential proteomic profile of molecular mediators associated with chronic and acute wound healing
Authors: Zaidi Midhat Batool , Khan Faisal , Jameel Fatima , Khan Irfan , Musharraf Syed Ghulam , Salim Asmat 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe underlying pathophysiology of nonhealing chronic wounds is poorly understood due to the changes occurring at the gene level and the complexity arising in their proteomic profile. Here, we elucidated the temporal and differential profile of the normal and diabetic wound‐healing mediators along with their interactions and associated pathways. Skin tissues corresponding to normal and diabetic wounds were isolated at Days 0, 3, 6, and 9 representing different healing phases. Temporal gene expression was analyzed by quantitative real‐time PCR. Concurrently, differential protein patterns in the wound tissues were identified by Nano LC‐ESI‐TOF mass spectrometry and later confirmed by Western blot analysis. Gene ontology annotation, protein‐protein interaction, and protein pathway analysis were performed using DAVID, PANTHER, and STRING bioinformatics resources. Uniquely identified proteins (complement C3, amyloid beta precursor protein, and cytoplasmic linker associated protein 2) in the diabetic wound tissue implied that these proteins are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic wound. They exhibit enhanced catalytic activity, trigger pathways linked with inflammation, and negatively regulate wound healing. However, in the normal wound tissue, axin 1, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4, and sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor were identified, which are involved in proliferation, angiogenesis, and remodeling. Our findings demonstrate the correlation between elevated gene expression of tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin (IL)‐1β, and identified mediators: aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator, 5′‐aminolevulinate synthase 2, and CXC‐family, that inflicted an inflammatory response by activating downstream MAPK, JAK‐STAT, and NF‐κB pathways. Similarly, in normal wound tissue, the upregulated IL‐4 and hepatocyte growth factor levels in conjunction with the identified proteins, serine/threonine‐protein kinase mTOR and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma, played a significant role in the cellular response to platelet‐derived growth factor stimulus, dermal epithelialization, and cell proliferation, processes associated with the repair mechanism. Furthermore, Western blot analysis indicated elevated levels of inflammatory markers and reduced levels of proliferative and angiogenic factors in the diabetic wound.
An Algebraic Blueprint for Predicting Turnover Numbers and Endpoints in Photocatalysis
Authors: Klingler Sarah , Hlavatsch Michael , Bagemihl Benedikt , Mengele Alexander K. , Gaus Anna‐Laurine , von Delius Max , Rau Sven , Mizaikoff Boris 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry and the Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I at Ulm University within the Collaborative Research Center TRR 234 CataLight. The image shows an algebraic approach to generically calculate and predict the turnover number (TON) and the endpoint of photocatalytic hydrogen gas evolution experiments. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/cphc.202300767.
Concurrent threats and extinction risk in a long‐lived, highly fecund vertebrate with parental care
Authors: Brooks George C. , Hopkins William A. , Kindsvater Holly K. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDetecting declines and quantifying extinction risk of long‐lived, highly fecund vertebrates, including fishes, reptiles, and amphibians, can be challenging. In addition to the false notion that large clutches always buffer against population declines, the imperiled status of long‐lived species can often be masked by extinction debt, wherein adults persist on the landscape for several years after populations cease to be viable. Here we develop a demographic model for the eastern hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis), an imperiled aquatic salamander with paternal care. We examined the individual and interactive effects of three of the leading threats hypothesized to contribute to the species' demise: habitat loss due to siltation, high rates of nest failure, and excess adult mortality caused by fishing and harvest. We parameterized the model using data on their life history and reproductive ecology to model the fates of individual nests and address multiple sources of density‐dependent mortality under both deterministic and stochastic environmental conditions. Our model suggests that high rates of nest failure observed in the field are sufficient to drive hellbender populations toward a geriatric age distribution and eventually to localized extinction but that this process takes decades. Moreover, the combination of limited nest site availability due to siltation, nest failure, and stochastic adult mortality can interact to increase the likelihood and pace of extinction, which was particularly evident under stochastic scenarios. Density dependence in larval survival and recruitment can severely hamper a population's ability to recover from declines. Our model helps to identify tipping points beyond which extinction becomes certain and management interventions become necessary. Our approach can be generalized to understand the interactive effects of various threats to the extinction risk of other long‐lived vertebrates. As we face unprecedented rates of environmental change, holistic approaches incorporating multiple concurrent threats and their impacts on different aspects of life history will be necessary to proactively conserve long‐lived species.
Oridonin from Rabdosia rubescens: An emerging potential in cancer therapy – A comprehensive review
Authors: Ali Muhammad Asif , Khan Noohela , Ali Ahmad , Akram Hira , Zafar Noushaba , Imran Kinza , Khan Tooba , Khan Khushbukhat , Armaghan Muhammad , Palma‐Morales Marta , Rodríguez‐Pérez Celia , Caunii Angela , Butnariu Monica , Habtemariam Solomon , Sharifi‐Rad Javad 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCancer incidences are rising each year. In 2020, approximately 20 million new cancer cases and 10 million cancer‐related deaths were recorded. The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that by 2024 the incidence of cancer will increase to 30.2 million individuals annually. Considering the invasive characteristics of its diagnostic procedures and therapeutic methods side effects, scientists are searching for different solutions, including using plant‐derived bioactive compounds, that could reduce the probability of cancer occurrence and make its treatment more comfortable. In this regard, oridonin (ORI), an ent‐kaurane diterpenoid, naturally found in the leaves of Rabdosia rubescens species, has been found to have antitumor, antiangiogenesis, antiasthmatic, antiinflammatory, and apoptosis induction properties. Extensive research has been performed on ORI to find various mechanisms involved in its anticancer activities. This review article provides an overview of ORI's effectiveness on murine and human cancer populations from 1976 to 2022 and provides insight into the future application of ORI in different cancer therapies.
‘I mean, I wouldn't say I was sober’: Exploring the psychosocial impact of e‐scooter injuries and aligning a collaborative public health response
Authors: Piatkowski Timothy , Moran James , Canty Ruth , Wright Cassandra J. C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIssue AddressedE‐scooters are sought after for their cost‐effectiveness, sustainability, and efficiency in urban transportation. However, this popularity has been accompanied by a surge in injuries, prompting a deeper investigation into the factors influencing risk perceptions among e‐scooter users.MethodsUsing a qualitative approach, we conducted 19 interviews with those who attended an emergency department as a result of e‐scooter injury. We aimed to understand the psychosocial effects of these incidents and employed thematic analysis to discern recurrent patterns in participants' experiences, focusing on alterations in daily life, community response, perception shifts, and avenues to enhance safety awareness.ResultsThe findings underscored significant disruptions to daily life due to injuries, demonstrating enduring impacts on lifestyle and wellbeing. Participants exhibited a perceptual shift, transitioning from perceiving e‐scooters as enjoyable to viewing them as dangerous. Recommendations for enhancing safety awareness included accessible and clear safety education, pre‐ride briefings, real‐time safety guidance, temporal rental restrictions, and mandatory breathalysers before e‐scooter use.ConclusionsThe study underscores the importance of considering not only the individual experiences and perceptions of e‐scooter injuries but also the broader social context, including the night‐time economy. Leveraging peer narratives and community engagement is vital to reshape risk perceptions and promote harm reduction messages.So What?A comprehensive approach through proactive interventions and robust educational strategies is essential to foster responsible e‐scooter usage and prioritise public safety.
War‐associated geopolitical risks and uncertainty: Implications for real wages
Authors: Nasir Muhammad Ali , Spencer David 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper studies the effects of geopolitical risks and uncertainty on real wages. Employing UK data from 2000: Q1 to 2022: Q2 and a partial Nonlinear‐Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) framework, we find that war‐associated geopolitical risks and uncertainty have a statistically significant though mild positive impact on real wages. We find that domestic factors including economic policy uncertainty, productivity, economic growth, unemployment, inflation expectations and unionization play a stronger role in affecting real wages. Our findings suggest that the direct effects of war‐associated geopolitical risks and uncertainty on real wages are temporary. From a policy perspective, the course of real wages will depend more on inflation expectations, productivity and most importantly unionization. We conclude that if real wages in the UK are to rise on a consistent basis then workers and particularly unions will have to gain more bargaining leverage.
The COVID‐19 pandemic and European trade patterns: A sectoral analysis
Authors: Caporale Guglielmo Maria , Sova Anamaria Diana , Sova Robert 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article examines how the COVID‐19 pandemic affected European trade patterns. Specifically, dynamic panel data models are estimated over the period 2019M1–2021M12 to assess the effects on exports and imports of various sectors and products (selected on the basis of their trading volume or strategic importance) of the restrictions and of other policy measures adopted by national governments during the crisis. The results suggest that the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic was heterogeneous across sectors and product types, both the initial drop and the subsequent rebound being different depending on sectoral characteristics and the degree of resilience. In particular, trade flows of durable products were more significantly affected by the pandemic compared to those of non‐durable ones.
A comparison of parental attention and preferred items during tummy time: A consecutive controlled case series evaluation
Authors: Kanazawa Rika , Jessel Joshua , Park Minjung , Fienup Daniel , Dowdy Art 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTummy time is an activity for infants to practice their early motor skills. Although most pediatricians recommend tummy time, parents may avoid the procedures due to indices of infant discomfort during this period. This consecutive controlled case series evaluation compared the effects of preferred items selected from a preference assessment with those of parental attention on head evaluation and negative vocalizations during tummy time. In addition, we directly evaluated parental choice by inviting parents to select which tummy time treatment they wanted to implement. We found that both preferred items and parental attention effectively increased head elevation and decreased negative vocalizations during tummy time; however, parents tended to prefer the treatment that included the preferred item.
High glucose promotes osteogenic differentiation of human lens epithelial cells through hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) activation
Authors: Ababneh Haneen , Balogh Enikő , Csiki Dávid Máté , Lente Gréta , Fenyvesi Ferenc , Tóth Andrea , Jeney Viktória 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCataract, a leading cause of blindness, is characterised by lens opacification. Type 2 diabetes is associated with a two‐ to fivefold higher prevalence of cataracts. The risk of cataract formation increases with the duration of diabetes and the severity of hyperglycaemia. Hydroxyapatite deposition is present in cataractous lenses that could be the consequence of osteogenic differentiation and calcification of lens epithelial cells (LECs). We hypothesised that hyperglycaemia might promote the osteogenic differentiation of human LECs (HuLECs). Osteogenic medium (OM) containing excess phosphate and calcium with normal (1 g/L) or high (4.5 g/L) glucose was used to induce HuLEC calcification. High glucose accelerated and intensified OM‐induced calcification of HuLECs, which was accompanied by hyperglycaemia‐induced upregulation of the osteogenic markers Runx2, Sox9, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin, as well as nuclear translocation of Runx2. High glucose‐induced calcification was abolished in Runx2‐deficient HuLECs. Additionally, high glucose stabilised the regulatory alpha subunits of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 (HIF‐1), triggered nuclear translocation of HIF‐1α and increased the expression of HIF‐1 target genes. Gene silencing of HIF‐1α or HIF‐2α attenuated hyperglycaemia‐induced calcification of HuLECs, while hypoxia mimetics (desferrioxamine, CoCl2) enhanced calcification of HuLECs under normal glucose conditions. Overall, this study suggests that high glucose promotes HuLEC calcification via Runx2 and the activation of the HIF‐1 signalling pathway. These findings may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of diabetic cataracts, shedding light on potential factors for intervention to treat this sight‐threatening condition.
Developing a comparative photon‐proton planning service in Victoria: the experience at PeterMacCallumCancer Centre
Authors: Gunewardena Roshini , Hall Lisa , Li Michelle , Drum Gabrielle , Le Dianna , Nigro Emily , Houlder Bridget , Phillips Claire , Wheeler Greg , Wiltshire Kirsty , Kron Tomas , Yeo Adam 
Published: February 2024

AbstractProton‐beam therapy (PBT) is a cutting‐edge radiation therapy modality that is currently not available in Australia. Comparative photon‐proton (CPP) planning is required for the medical treatment overseas programme (MTOP) and will be required for access to PBT in Australia in the future. Comparative planning brings professional development benefits to all members of the radiation therapy team. This service was also created to support future proposals for a PBT facility in Victoria. We report our experience developing an in‐house CPP service at Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre. A set of resources to support CPP planning was established. Training of relevant staff was undertaken after which an in‐house training programme was developed. A standard protocol for PBT planning parameters was established. All CPP plans were reviewed. Future goals for the CPP planning programme were described. In total, 62 cases were comparatively planned over 54 months. Of these, 60% were paediatric cases, 14% were adolescents and young adults (15–25 years) and 26% were adults. The vast majority (over 75%) of patients comparatively planned required irradiation to the central nervous system including brain and cranio‐spinal irradiation. A variety of proton plans were reviewed by international PBT experts to confirm their deliverability. Our team at Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre has gained significant experience in CPP planning and will continue to develop this further. Local expertise will help support decentralisation of patient selection for proton treatments in the near future and the PBT business case in Victoria.
Histological examination of skin tissue in the porcine animal model after application of a new monopolar radiofrequency
Authors: Zhang Chong , Wang Meng , Li Yi , Yan Yan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the safety of the radiofrequency device and its efficacy in various treatment and refrigeration modes.MethodsFour 4‐week Bama miniature pigs were used in this study, and four repeated treatment sites were selected on the pig's abdomen, each site consisting of 6 different treatment and cooling modes, with radiofrequency device (YouMagic; WE Medical Technology Co., Ltd.) administered every 3–5 s for a total of five treatments. The handheld infrared thermometer (HIKMICRO; Hangzhou Hikmicro Sensing Technology Co., Ltd.) was used to monitor the surface temperature of skin. Twenty minutes after the completion of treatment, a biopsy of the treatment and control area was performed on the pigs using a 4‐mm biopsy punch. One‐month after the treatment, samples were obtained using surgical scalpels. After that we used proper staining to estimate the therapeutic efficacy. At last, SPSS and Image J were used to proceed to the next step of analysis.ResultsDuring the therapy, no side effects were observed apart from mild transient erythema caused by the heating of skin temperature, staining of biopsy samples taken 20 min after treatment showed no serious damage of dermis. After 1 month of treatment, it can increase collagen I and elastin production. In addition, increases in energy setting at a standard pass number also increased the expression of collagen I. Meanwhile, we also found an increase in the thickness of the dermal layer among all treatment groups.ConclusionsThe new monopolar radiofrequency instrument possesses excellent therapeutic safety. After 1 month of treatment, it can increase collagen I and elastin production in 2‐month‐old Bama miniature pigs.
Natural products as IL‐6 inhibitors for inflammatory diseases: Synthetic and SAR perspective
Authors: Harmalkar Dipesh S. , Sivaraman Aneesh , Nada Hossam , Lee Joohan , Kang Hyeseul , Choi Yongseok , Lee Kyeong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInterleukin‐6 (IL‐6), a pleiotropic cytokine, plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of various diseases including diabetes, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, multiple myeloma, rheumatoid arthritis, and prostate cancer. The signaling pathways associated with IL‐6 offer promising targets for therapeutic interventions in inflammatory diseases and IL‐6‐dependent tumors. Although certain anti‐IL‐6 monoclonal antibodies are currently employed clinically, their usage is hampered by drawbacks such as high cost and potential immunogenicity, limiting their application. Thus, the imperative arises to develop novel small non‐peptide molecules acting as IL‐6 inhibitors. Various natural products derived from diverse sources have been investigated for their potential to inhibit IL‐6 activity. Nevertheless, these natural products remain inadequately explored in terms of their structure‐activity relationships. In response, our review aims to provide syntheses and structure activity perspective of natural IL‐6 inhibitors. The comprehensive amalgamation of information presented in this review holds the potential to serve as a foundation for forthcoming research endeavors by medicinal chemists, facilitating the design of innovative IL‐6 inhibitors to address the complexities of inflammatory diseases.
Compact metal‐printed filtering antenna with wideband performance
Authors: Xu Lang , Xu Li‐jie , Wu Xian‐min , Li Bo , Huang Feng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this letter, a wideband cavity‐backed filtering antenna based on 3‐D printing technology is proposed for millimeter wave applications. This antenna is made up of an air‐filled metal cavity, attached with two transverse slots on its upper surface. By exciting one TE110 cavity mode and two slot modes simultaneously, wideband performance can be obtained. Besides, by properly bending one slot into U‐shape, two radiation nulls appear at two sides of the passband, yet causing the increase of the cross‐polarization in H‐plane. To remedy this, the U‐shaped slot is further bent at its ends, successfully suppressing the cross‐polarization by 7 dB. The final proposed filtering antenna is implemented and measured, showing a wide bandwidth of 37.3%, covering from 21.4 to 31.2 GHz. And the measured maximum gain is 6.6 dBi in band, with two radiation nulls at 14.6 and 40 GHz.
A wideband X‐band circularly polarized printed monopole antenna backed by AMC reflector for 5G/IoT CubeSat applications
Authors: El Hammoumi Mohamed , Tubbal Faisel , Idrissi Najiba El Amrani El , Theoharis Panagiotis I. , Abulgasem Suhila , Raad Raad 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis letter presents a coplanar waveguide‐fed printed monopole antenna backed by an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) reflector. The proposed monopole antenna achieves circular polarization by loading the monopole with a printed coil and using an asymmetric ground plane. In addition, the AMC increases the antenna gain while maintaining a wide axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. The unit cell of the AMC is based on a Minkowski‐like prefractal geometry. The antenna is fabricated and measured with a total size of 1.07 λ0 × 1.07 λ0 × 0.25 λ0 at the operating frequency of 8.5 GHz. The measured results show a wide −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 26.9% (7.12–9.38 GHz), a wide 3 dB AR bandwidth of 22.23% (8–9.89 GHz) as well as a peak gain of 8.3 dBi at 8.5 GHz. This is significantly better than comparable antennas in addition to this design being the smallest in size.
A review on key factors influencing the electrical conductivity of proton exchange membrane fuel cell composite bipolar plates
Authors: Shojaei Sahar , Rostami‐Tapeh‐Esmaeil Ehsan , Mighri Frej 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFuel cells are gaining increasing importance as a promising alternative to traditional energy sources, primarily due to their exceptional efficiency and environmental advantages. The electrical performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) largely depends on the effectiveness of proton and electron transport within the cell components. A critical factor impacting this efficiency is the electrical conductivity of polymer‐based bipolar plates (BPPs), which play a fundamental role as current collectors. BPPs in PEMFCs can be made from various materials including coated metallic materials, graphitic materials, and polymer composites. This review exclusively concentrates on polymer composite BPPs. Enhancing the overall cell performance is achievable through the integration of electrically conductive additives into the polymer matrix of these plates. Graphite (GR), carbon black (CB), carbon fibers (CF), carbon nanotubes (CNT), and graphene (Gr) all emerge as highly promising functional materials capable of substantially elevating BPPs performance. This study, among its various objectives, delves into the synergistic effects of these electrically conductive additives and their capacity to enhance the electrical conductivity within polymeric matrices. Furthermore, this review article thoroughly explores the influence of the polymeric matrix, encompassing co‐continuous morphology and processing conditions. In essence, it focuses on the improvement of BPPs electrical conductivity through innovative designs of their polymer‐based composites and nanocomposites and the particular selection of the electrically conductive fillers. The insights derived from this study significantly contribute to a more profound understanding of how to effectively harness the potential of this vital PEMFC component.