bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bonding Performance of Preservative-Treated Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) Posttreated with CU-Based Preservatives
Authors: Quin Franklin , Ayanleye Samuel , França Tamara S. F. A. , Shmulsky Rubin , Lim Hyungsuk 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
To expand the use of cross-laminated timber (CLT) to exterior applications, there is a need to protect the panels from biodegrading agents such as fungi and termites. Pressure treatments are effective methods of increasing the durability of wood and wood-based products; however, studies on pressure-treated CLT are limited. In this study, preservative-treated CLT samples from prefabricated CLT panels were prepared and impregnated with Cu-based preservatives through a conventional vacuum-pressure process. The effects of panel layup (3-ply parallel, 3-ply perpendicular, and 5-ply parallel) and preservative treatment (untreated [control], copper azole-type C [CA-C], and micronized copper azole-type [MCA]) on the bonding performance were investigated. Panel layup and preservative treatment had a significant influence on the block shear strength and percentage of wood failure (WFP) of the treated panels. Overall, approximately 60 percent of the block shear specimens had a WFP of >75 percent. However, fewer than 10 percent of the delamination specimens met the ASTM D2559 (2018) limitation of 1 percent for softwood used in outdoor applications. ASTM D2559 counts shallow wood failure as delamination, which could have been a reason for the high delamination rate. The percentage of wood failure and the high rate of delamination could be due to the moisture-induced adhesion failure resulting from the pressure-treatment process. The preservative pressure-treatment of the CLT panels increased the moisture content (MC) from 12–15 percent to approximately 85 percent MC, and the severe swelling of the panels during treatment might have imposed a high stress on the bond line. However, no noticeable delamination of the panels was observed during the actual treating phase of the study. These results show the feasibility of treating prefabricated CLT panels with CA-C and MCA preservatives without compromising the bonding strength.
Grenzen für die Entwicklung des Parlamentarismus bei den kleinen Völkern: Die Tschechen im Reichsrat in Wien 1879-1914
Authors: Velek Luboš 
Published: January 2024

Der Problemkreis von Parlamentarismus und kleinen Staaten bzw. kleinen Völkern umfasst eine enorme Bandbreite von Fragen, Kontexten und Sichtweisen. In meinem Beitrag möchte ich die Faktoren thematisieren, die sich limitierend auf die Entwicklung des Parlamentarismus im 19. Jahrhundert auswirkten, und dies besonders im Zusammenhang der Beziehungen zwischen dem Zentrum, das heißt dem Reichsrat in Wien, und der Peripherie, die hier durch Böhmen beziehungsweise durch die nationale Gemeinschaft der Tschechen verkörpert wird, die dieses Kronland gemeinsam mit den Deutschböhmen (d.h. mit den Deutschen aus den böhmischen Ländern) bewohnten. Die tschechische Gesellschaft war im 19. Jahrhundert eine kleine nationale Gemeinschaft, die dann im letzten Drittel des 19. Jahrhunderts eine erfolgreiche kulturelle, soziale, wirtschaftliche und letztlich auch politische Entwicklung durchlief. Am Ende standen die Tschechen als vollwertige moderne europäische Nation da, der nur ein eigener Staat fehlte. Dieses Ziel, das in unterschiedlicher Intensität bereits seit 1848 auftauchte, erreichten die Tschechen erst nach Ende des Ersten Weltkrieges. In meiner Skizze der für die tschechischen Abgeordneten des 19. Jahrhunderts typischen wahlrechtlichen, sozialen und psychomentalen Umstände möchte ich Sie mit den zeitgenössischen Grenzen für die qualitative Entwicklung der Abgeordnetendelegationen kleiner Völker aus den Provinzen inmitten des Habsburgerreiches und damit auch mit den Grenzen des Parlamentarismus allgemein vertraut machen.
Die Stellvertretung des Staatsoberhauptes in Ungarn zwischen 1920 und 1944
Authors: Szabó István 
Published: January 2024

Der ungarische Reichstag stellte in den letzten Tagen des ersten Weltkrieges seine Tätigkeit ein. Zu neuen Parlamentswahlen kam es erst nach dem Scheitern der Revolutionen zu Beginn des Jahres 1920. Die durch diese Wahlen gewählte Nationalversammlung musste - auch wenn sie dem Namen nach keine verfassungsgebende Nationalversammlung war - über die zukünftige Staatsorganisation Ungarns entscheiden. Der überwiegende Teil des staatsrechtlichen Schrifttums hielt die verfassungsrechtliche Tätigkeit der Revolution für ungültig und war damit der Ansicht, dass in Ungarn nach wie vor die Staatsform des Königreichs bestand. Das am 28. Februar 1920 verlautbarte Gesetz Nr. 1 über die Wiederherstellung der Verfassungsmäßigkeit und über die Ausübung der obersten Staatsgewalt hat das Königreich wiederhergestellt.
Die Frage nach der Ausübung der königlichen Gewalt führte jedoch zu scharfen politischen und juristischen Zwistigkeiten. Der im Jahre 1916 gekrönte Karl IV. konnte aufgrund des Widerstandes der Entente nicht nach Ungarn zurückkehren. Die Meinungen waren jedoch auch hinsichtlich der Frage geteilt, ob nach dem Zerbrechen der österreichisch-ungarischen Verbindung Karl IV. seine Rechtsposition als Herrscher beibehalten hatte oder nicht.
L’État de Sienne de la République communale à la monarchie absolue « postmédiévale ». Les institutions parlementaires citadines à l’époque du Principat des Médicis
Authors: Ruiu Antonio 
Published: January 2024

En Toscane, le plus important héritage de l’époque médiévale fut la création d’une aristocratie urbaine qui légitimait sa supériorité hiérarchique à travers l’exercice des plus grandes charges publiques. Faisaient partie de cette noblesse citadine les familles qui détenaient le monopole des magistratures communales, ou du moins les plus importantes, en vertu d’un privilège héréditaire ou d’un acte d’agrégation au regimen historiquement constitué.
La nature insolite de la noblesse toscane permit une mobilité sociale plutôt élevée. Cette mobilité fut favorisée par l’absence des droits rigides du sang et de naissance et des droits concernant le monopole des armes, car cette noblesse se basait sur d’autres éléments rendant plutôt flous les paramètres de la condition nobiliaire. Ce phénomène peut, de plus, s’appuyer sur la théorie de la stratification sociale élaborée par Roland Mousnier. Nous rentrons clairement dans le cas de la société stratifiée en ordres, où la mobilité sociale se situe dans une position intermédiaire par rapport aux deux extrêmes représentés, par défaut, par la distribution par castes - où celle-ci n’est rien -, et, par excès, par la distribution en classes - lieu de la plus grande mobilité potentielle. En effet, la possibilité de déplacement était limitée et soumise au contrôle du pouvoir publique, et était également liée à l’évaluation des qualités retenues indispensables pour acquérir le status nobiliaire.
Optimization-based trajectory planning for transport collaboration of heterogeneous systems
Authors: Chen Jingshan , Luo Wei , Ebel Henrik , Eberhard Peter 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper describes an optimization-based trajectory planning scheme for handing over an object between a quadrotor and a wheeled robot in a transportation scenario. Concretely, a quadrotor should pick up an object from a moving ground mobile robot and deliver it to its destination. An optimization framework based on discrete mechanics and complementarity constraints is utilized here to jointly ensure dynamic feasibility and determine the position, timing, and coordination of the handover autonomously. Cooperative trajectories of the heterogeneous robot system can be generated simultaneously to satisfy different requirements by adjusting the objective function and constraints. The proposed planning scheme provides a novel paradigm combining trajectory planning and handover decision-making within an optimal control problem.
Robust stability of moving horizon estimation for continuous-time systems
Authors: Schiller Julian D. , Müller Matthias A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe consider a moving horizon estimation (MHE) scheme involving a discounted least squares objective for general nonlinear continuous-time systems. Provided that the system is detectable (incrementally integral input/output-to-state stable, i-iIOSS), we show that there exists a sufficiently long estimation horizon that guarantees robust global exponential stability of the estimation error in a time-discountedL2-to-L∞sense. In addition, we show that i-iIOSS Lyapunov functions can be efficiently constructed by verifying certain linear matrix inequality conditions. In combination, we propose a flexible Lyapunov-based MHE framework in continuous time, which particularly offers more tuning possibilities than its discrete-time analog, and provide sufficient conditions for stability that can be easily verified in practice. Our results are illustrated by a numerical example.
The dynamics of a bicycle on a pump track – first results on modeling and optimal control
Authors: Golembiewski Julian , Schmidt Marcus , Terschluse Benedikt , Jaitner Thomas , Liebig Thomas , Faulwasser Timm 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We investigate the dynamics of a bicycle on an uneven mountain bike track split into straight sections with small jumps (kickers) and banked corners. A basic model of the interaction of bicycle and rider proposed and used to derive equations of motion, which capture the possibilities to accelerate the bicycle without pedaling. Since this is a first approach to the problem, only corners connected by straight lines are considered to compute optimal riding strategies. The simulation is validated with experimental data obtained on a real pump track. It is demonstrated that the model effectively captures the longitudinal bike acceleration resulting from the relative vertical motion between the rider’s upper body and the bicycle. Our numerical results are in good analogy with real rider’s actions on similar tracks.
Research progress on ocular complications caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus and the function of tears and blepharons
Authors: Wang Xiaohong , Fang Jian , Yang Lina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the related research progress of ocular complications (OCs) caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), tear and tarsal function, and the application of deep learning (DL) in the diagnosis of diabetes and OCs caused by it, to provide reference for the prevention and control of OCs in T2DM patients. This study reviewed the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetes retinopathy, keratopathy, dry eye disease, glaucoma, and cataract, analyzed the relationship between OCs and tear function and tarsal function, and discussed the application value of DL in the diagnosis of diabetes and OCs. Diabetes retinopathy is related to hyperglycemia, angiogenic factors, oxidative stress, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and other factors. The increase in water content in the corneal stroma leads to corneal relaxation, loss of transparency, and elasticity, and can lead to the occurrence of corneal lesions. Dry eye syndrome is related to abnormal stability of the tear film and imbalance in neural and immune regulation. Elevated intraocular pressure, inflammatory reactions, atrophy of the optic nerve head, and damage to optic nerve fibers are the causes of glaucoma. Cataract is a common eye disease in the elderly, which is a visual disorder caused by lens opacity. Oxidative stress is an important factor in the occurrence of cataracts. In clinical practice, blood sugar control, laser therapy, and drug therapy are used to control the above eye complications. The function of tear and tarsal plate will be affected by eye diseases. Retinopathy and dry eye disease caused by diabetes will cause dysfunction of tear and tarsal plate, which will affect the eye function of patients. Furthermore, DL can automatically diagnose and classify eye diseases, automatically analyze fundus images, and accurately diagnose diabetes retinopathy, macular degeneration, and other diseases by analyzing and processing eye images and data. The treatment of T2DM is difficult and prone to OCs, which seriously threatens the normal life of patients. The occurrence of OCs is closely related to abnormal tear and tarsal function. Based on DL, clinical diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and its OCs can be carried out, which has positive application value.
On the acquisition of tense and agreement in L2 English by adult speakers of L1 Chinese
Authors: Kong Stano , Huang Yuhsin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study investigates whether forms associated with verbal inflection can be acquired in relation to two UG-based L2 acquisition hypotheses: the Full Transfer Full Access (FTFA) Hypothesis (Schwartz, Bonnie & Rex Sprouse. 1994. Word order and nominative case in nonnative language acquisition: A longitudinal study of (L1 Turkish) German interlanguage. In Teun Hoekstra & Bonnie D. Schwartz (eds.), Language acquisition Studies in generative grammar, 317–368. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, Schwartz, Bonnie & Rex Sprouse. 1996. L2 cognitive states and the ‘full transfer/full access’ model. Second Language Research 12. 40–72) and the Interpretability Hypothesis (Tsimpli, Ianthi-maria & Maria Dimitrakopoulou. 2007. The Interpretability hypothesis: Evidence from wh-interrogatives in second language acquisition. Second Language Research 23. 215–242). The former captures the insight that convergence on grammars like those of native speakers is possible, whereas the latter argues that a native/non-native divergence results from the inaccessibility of some uninterpretable syntactic features. Ninety adult L1 speakers of Chinese of different English proficiency levels were asked to interpret and produce tense and agreement in various contexts in three tasks. Results suggest that the underlying grammatical representations in the end-state grammar may not be the same as native speakers’. We speculate that the inaccessibility of the uninterpretable [uInfl:] feature of v and the uninterpretable [uInfl:*] feature of be are the potential source of difficulty in acquiring verbal inflection in L2 English.
Research progress on rat model of drug-induced liver injury established by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (celecoxib) and royal jelly ameliorative effect
Authors: Eleiwa Naglaa Zakaria Helmy , Khalifa Hesham Ahmed M. Ismael , Nazim Heba Ahmed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
NSAIDs, like celecoxib, are widely used to treat pain, fever, and inflammation, with celecoxib being particularly effective in managing arthritis symptoms and acute or chronic pain especially with its favorable gastrointestinal tolerability. The study aimed at exploring the effect of chronic administration of celecoxib on hepatic tissues in male albino rats. It also examined the royal jelly celecoxib interplay.

Methods
50 male albino rats in 5 equal groups; Group 1: received no drug. Group 2: received celecoxib (50 mg/kg/day, orally), for 30 successive days. Group 3: received celecoxib plus royal jelly (300 mg/kg/day, orally) for 30 successive days. Group 4: received celecoxib, for 30 days, then were left untreated for another 30 days. Group 5: received celecoxib plus royal jelly for 30 days, then were left untreated for another 30 days.

Results
Chronic celecoxib administration caused hepatotoxicity in male albino rats, with ameliorative effect of royal jelly. Celecoxib discontinuation significantly diminished the celecoxib-induced toxicity, and normal liver enzymes and serum protein levels were regained in the case of dual medications (celecoxib+RJ) discontinuation.

Conclusions
Long-term celecoxib administration caused hepatotoxicity, with ameliorative effects of royal jelly against celecoxib-induced oxidative and apoptotic stress. In addition, it could be concluded that royal jelly may prove a useful adjunct in patients being prescribed celecoxib.
Multifetal pregnancy reductions and selective fetocide in a tertiary referral center – a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jernman Riina Maria , Stefanovic Vedran 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Multiple pregnancies involve several complications, most often prematurity, but also higher anomaly rates. Reducing fetuses generally improves pregnancy outcomes. We conducted this study to evaluate the obstetrical and neonatal results after multifetal pregnancy reduction (MFPR) in the largest tertiary hospital in Finland.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included all MFPR managed in Helsinki University Hospital during a 13 year period (2007–2019). Data on pregnancies, parturients and newborns were collected from patient files. The number of fetuses, chorionicities and amnionicities were defined in first-trimester ultrasound screening.

Results
There were 54 MFPR cases included in the final analyses. Most often the reduction was from twins to singletons (n=34, 63 %). Majority of these (25/34, 73.5 %) were due to co-twin anomaly. Triplets (n=16, 29.6 %) were reduced to twins (n=7, 13 %) or singletons (n=9, 16.7 %), quadruplets (n=2, 3.7 %) and quintuplets (n=2, 3.7 %) to twins. Most (33/54, 61.1 %) MFPR procedures were done by 15+0 weeks of gestation. There were six miscarriages after MFPR and one early co-twin miscarriage. In the remaining 47 pregnancies that continued as twins (n=7, 14.9 %) or singletons (n=40, 85.1 %) the liveborn rate was 90 % for one fetus and 71.4 % for two fetuses.

Conclusions
Most MFPR cases were pregnancies with an anomalous co-twin. The whole pregnancy loss risk was 11.1 % after MFPR. The majority (70.6 %) of twins were spontaneous, whereas all quadruplets, quintuplets, and 56.3 % of triplets were assisted reproductive technologies (ART) pregnancies. Careful counselling should be an essential part of obstetrical care in multiple pregnancies, which should be referred to fetomaternal units for MFPR option.
Identification of potential biomarkers in follicular thyroid carcinoma: bioinformatics and immunohistochemical analyses
Authors: Lin Qianhuang , Ma Ye , Chen Pengcheng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The prevalence of thyroid cancer has shown a progressive rise over time. This study aimed to explore the expression and underlying mechanisms of decorin (DCN) in follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), employing bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemistry techniques.

Methods
The GSE27155 dataset was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and core DEGs were identified through data mining and analysis using the R language and online databases. The expression of core DEGs was validated using The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Additionally, the correlation between DCN and clinicopathological stage, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and hotspot molecules in thyroid cancer was assessed using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis and TIMER databases. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was then conducted to verify the differential expression of core DCN in FTC and adjacent tissues.

Results
We confirmed the downregulation of three DEGs (DCN, GPC3, and PDGFRA). Furthermore, the analysis revealed a significant association between DCN expression and the clinical stage of patients with thyroid cancer (p<0.0001). DCN expression and the infiltration of several immune cells were positively correlated (p<0.01). A significant positive correlation was also noted between DCN and the NRAS and KRAS genes (partial cor>0, p<0.05). Immunohistochemical analyses revealed a significantly lower staining score (3.071 ± 2.493) for DCN protein in cancer tissues than that in adjacent tissues (8.643 ± 2.094) (p<0.0001).

Conclusions
DCN is underexpressed and contributes to tumor progression in FTC. Thus, DCN serves as a tumor suppressor gene in FTC and a promising therapeutic target.
Biopolymer-based nanocomposites for application in biomedicine: a review
Authors: Shaikh Abdul Aziz , Datta Preetam , Dastidar Prithwish , Majumder Arkadip , Das Maharghya Dyuti , Manna Pratikrit , Roy Subhasis 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Biopolymer-based nanocomposites have gained significant attention in biomedicine due to their unique properties and potential applications. These nanocomposites combine biopolymers, natural polymers derived from renewable sources, with nanoparticles or other nanoscale materials to create materials with enhanced properties and functionalities. Biopolymers that are used to make bio-nanocomposites are cellulose, alginate, chitosan, starch, polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), etc. These have different properties, and they can be used in several types of treatments. Scaffolds frequently employ polylactic acid-gelatin, nanocellulose, and chitosan. Studies have shown that some special types of hydrogel films have proven beneficial in anticancer treatment. Synthetic and naturally occurring substances such as PLA, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), guar gum, and chitosan are employed in the drug delivery system. Nanocomposites such as silver nanoparticles with chitosan, sulfated polysaccharides, and thyme-loaded carrot nanocellulose or starch biopolymer nanocomposites have been used to stop bacterial development. This review article provides a comprehensive insight into biopolymer-based nanocomposites and their uses. Also, it has been incorporated into fields such as biosensors, bioimaging, blood clotting, immunomodulation, antibacterial and antiviral drugs, and food packaging. Hence, the primary objective of this review is to provide an overall perspective on biopolymer nanocomposites in nanomedicine.
Structural optimization of trays in bolt support systems
Authors: Wang Cunfei , Yang Zengfu , Shi Chengwang , Zou Meishuai , Zhang Xufeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) have the advantages of high strength, corrosion resistance, and low density, which are widely used to serve as tray products in bolt support systems. As a key component, the low mechanical load-bearing capacity of trays significantly limits their widespread application. Besides, there is no corresponding theoretical calculations and strength analysis methods for the structural design. The aim of this study is to optimize the tray structure and improve its load-bearing capacity. Through theoretical calculations and finite element numerical analysis, the effect of inner surface taper and stiffener height on the load-bearing capacity of the tray under the application of constant axial force is investigated. The results show that first of all, the larger the inner surface taper is, the better the load capacity of the tray. Second, the special-shaped truncated cone type displayed better load capacity than the stiffener tray. Third, the higher the design height of the stiffener is, the smaller the deformation and shear stress on the top of the inner surface of the tray, and better load capacity is achieved. We believe that this study provides theoretical guidance for the structural design of high-performance FRP trays.