bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benefit–cost analysis in the 5.9 GHz band
Authors: Hazlett Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In 2020 the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) revisited a spectrum allocation decision it made in 1999. The Agency found that frequencies set aside for specific technologies used by vehicles – Intelligent Transportation Services (ITS) – had been left largely unused. It crafted new rules, shifting 45 MHz of the 75 MHz allocation to newly designated wireless services focusing on Wi-Fi applications, while leaving the remaining (40% of bandwidth) reserved for ITS. The FCC decision was premised on a cost–benefit analysis performed by the agency, supported by two similar studies submitted by outside interests. Yet, upon examination, the cost–benefit calculations prove stunningly uncompelling. In their economic logic, their understanding of existing market data and their use of FCC policy, fundamental errors render net benefit estimates irrelevant to decision-making. In particular, the value of marginal products (VMPs) as well as the opportunity costs of rival allocations are ignored. These failings are stunning, both on their own and given that the FCC, in its reallocation, critiqued its 1999 decision as socially unproductive – and yet deployed just the same basic methodological format, relying on FCC administrative determinations to select favored business models for supplying wireless services.
Catch me if you can: Using machine learning and behavioral interventions to reduce unethical behavior
Authors: Hauser Oliver P. , Greene Michael , DeCelles Katherine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We report the results of a field experiment designed to increase honest disclosure of claims at a U.S. state unemployment agency. Individuals filing claims were randomized to a message (‘nudge’) intervention, while an off-the-shelf machine learning algorithm calculated claimants’ risk for committing fraud (underreporting earnings). We study the causal effects of algorithmic targeting on the effectiveness of nudge messages: Without algorithmic targeting, the average treatment effect of the messages was insignificant; in contrast, the use of algorithmic targeting revealed significant heterogeneous treatment effects across claimants. Claimants predicted to behave unethically by the algorithm were more likely to disclose earnings when receiving a message relative to a control condition, with claimants predicted to most likely behave unethically being almost twice as likely to disclose earnings when shown a message. In addition to providing a potential blueprint for targeting more costly interventions, our study offers a novel perspective for the use and efficiency of data science in the public sector without violating citizens’ agency. However, we caution that, while algorithms can enable tailored policy, their ethical use must be ensured at all times.
Deep learning modeling of manufacturing and build variations on multistage axial compressors aerodynamics
Authors: Bruni Giuseppe , Maleki Sepehr , Krishnababu Senthil K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Applications of deep learning to physical simulations such as Computational Fluid Dynamics have recently experienced a surge in interest, and their viability has been demonstrated in different domains. However, due to the highly complex, turbulent, and three-dimensional flows, they have not yet been proven usable for turbomachinery applications. Multistage axial compressors for gas turbine applications represent a remarkably challenging case, due to the high-dimensionality of the regression of the flow field from geometrical and operational variables. This paper demonstrates the development and application of a deep learning framework for predictions of the flow field and aerodynamic performance of multistage axial compressors. A physics-based dimensionality reduction approach unlocks the potential for flow-field predictions, as it re-formulates the regression problem from an unstructured to a structured one, as well as reducing the number of degrees of freedom. Compared to traditional “black-box” surrogate models, it provides explainability to the predictions of the overall performance by identifying the corresponding aerodynamic drivers. The model is applied to manufacturing and build variations, as the associated performance scatter is known to have a significant impact on

$ \mathrm{C}{\mathrm{O}}_2 $

emissions, which poses a challenge of great industrial and environmental relevance. The proposed architecture is proven to achieve an accuracy comparable to that of the CFD benchmark, in real-time, for an industrially relevant application. The deployed model is readily integrated within the manufacturing and build process of gas turbines, thus providing the opportunity to analytically assess the impact on performance with actionable and explainable data.
The Impact of EU Nanotechnology Risk Regulation on Non-EU Countries: The Case of Israel’s Policy Reform for Cosmetic Products
Authors: Justo-Hanani Ronit 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The impact of the European Union (EU) in strengthening nanotechnology risk regulation in non-EU countries is still an under-researched topic. This article focuses on the EU’s influence on its trading partners, using the case study of Israel, which in 2023 adopted restrictions on nanotechnology in cosmetics products following the EU. It is argued that EU risk regulation have been both a trigger and a formative factor for the development of Israeli nanomaterials restrictions. The importance and economic interdependence in the EU market for cosmetics has prompted a response from Israeli policymakers. In addition, the EU regulatory capacity through its expertise and sanctioning authority have influenced the Israeli regulatory agenda. The article shows that the impact of EU regulation also coincided with domestic economic factors, concerns about technology policy and policymakers’ preference for stringent standards. Israel’s risk regulation of nanomaterials in cosmetics provides a useful case study for analyzing the EU’s regulatory impact on its trading partners. Once again, stricter EU’s health and safety regulation drives those of its trading partner upward.
Furstenberg systems of pretentious and MRT multiplicative functions
Authors: FRANTZIKINAKIS NIKOS , LEMAŃCZYK MARIUSZ , DE LA RUE THIERRY 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We prove structural results for measure-preserving systems, called Furstenberg systems, naturally associated with bounded multiplicative functions. We show that for all pretentious multiplicative functions, these systems always have rational discrete spectrum and, as a consequence, zero entropy. We obtain several other refined structural and spectral results, one consequence of which is that the Archimedean characters are the only pretentious multiplicative functions that have Furstenberg systems with trivial rational spectrum, another is that a pretentious multiplicative function has ergodic Furstenberg systems if and only if it pretends to be a Dirichlet character, and a last one is that for any fixed pretentious multiplicative function, all its Furstenberg systems are isomorphic. We also study structural properties of Furstenberg systems of a class of multiplicative functions, introduced by Matomäki, Radziwiłł, and Tao, which lie in the intermediate zone between pretentiousness and strong aperiodicity. In a work of the last two authors and Gomilko, several examples of this class with exotic ergodic behavior were identified, and here we complement this study and discover some new unexpected phenomena. Lastly, we prove that Furstenberg systems of general bounded multiplicative functions have divisible spectrum. When these systems are obtained using logarithmic averages, we show that a trivial rational spectrum implies a strong dilation invariance property, called strong stationarity, but, quite surprisingly, this property fails when the systems are obtained using Cesàro averages.
A telehealth approach to central line-associated bloodstream infection prevention activities in nursing homes: the SAFER lines program
Authors: Singh Raveena D. , Bahadori Bardia , Tjoa Tom , Alsharif Mohamad N. , Nourollahi Shereen , Chang Justin , Mauricio Amarah , Bethlahmy Jessica , Rashid Syma , Saavedra Raheeb , Ashbaugh Isabel Y. , Tam Steven , Gohil Shruti K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives:
To evaluate the impact of a mobile-app-based central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) prevention program in nursing home residents with peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs).

Design:
Pre-post prospective cohort study with baseline (September 2015–December 2016), phase-in (January 2017–April 2017), and intervention (May 2017–December 2018). Generalized linear mixed models compared intervention with baseline frequency of localized inflammation/infection, dressing peeling, and infection-related hospitalizations. Cox proportional hazards models compared days-to-removal of lines with localized inflammation/infection.

Setting:
Six nursing homes in Orange County, California.

Patients:
Adult nursing home residents with PICCs.

Intervention:
CLABSI prevention program consisting of an actionable scoring system for identifying insertion site infection/inflammation coupled with a mobile-app enabling photo-assessments and automated physician alerting for remote response.

Results:
We completed 8,131 assessments of 817 PICCs in 719 residents (baseline: 4,865 assessments, 422 PICCs, 385 residents; intervention: 4,264 assessments, 395 PICCs, 334 residents). The intervention was associated with 57% lower odds of peeling dressings (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.28–0.64, P < .001), 73% lower local inflammation/infection (OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.13–0.56, P < .001), and 41% lower risk of infection-related hospitalizations (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.42–0.83, P = .002). Physician mobile-app alerting and response enabled 62% lower risk of lines remaining in place after inflammation/infection was identified (HR 0.38, CI: 0.24–0.62, P < .001) and 95% faster removal of infected lines from mean (SD) 19 (20) to 1 (2) days.

Conclusions:
A mobile-app-based CLABSI prevention program decreased the frequency of inflamed/infected central line insertion sites, improved dressing integrity, increased speed of removal when inflammation/infection were found, and reduced infection-related hospitalization risk.
Dāʾūd al-Qayṣarī in Ilkhanid Tabriz: New evidence
Authors: Bonmariage Cécile 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper revisits the usual narrative of Dāʾūd al-Qayṣarī's life, bringing to light evidence of his stay in Ilkhanid Tabriz. Recent studies mention a connection with Ilkhanid Iran, where he would have met his master ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Qāshānī, but present no substantiated details as to when and where this happened and how these events fit in his life. A document held at the Bodleian, corroborated by evidence from other manuscripts, shows that the common narrative of Qayṣarī's life (in which links with Iran are almost entirely absent) is untenable, and presents evidence of Qayṣarī's presence in Ilkhanid Tabriz. These new elements invite us to revise our perception of Qayṣarī's oeuvre, in particular the idea that it was written under the auspices of the nascent Ottoman power, and further investigate the intellectual scene in Tabriz in the last years of the reign of Abu Saʿīd and of his vizier Ghiyāth al-Dīn.
Development of Large Language Models: Copyright Law Perspectives for Research Institutions and Research Libraries
Authors: Ørstavik Inger Berg 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article discusses European copyright law as applied to the development and training of generative AI and natural language processing in public interest research institutions and libraries. The article focuses on the scope of the new exceptions from copyright law for text and data mining (TDM) for research purposes and discusses them from the perspective of research ethics and principles of open science in publicly financed research. The public interest mission of research institutions and libraries includes the open dissemination of research results but the exceptions from copyright are focused only on the training phase in AI development. Regulation on data transparency is fragmented. The article finds that while new exceptions open for developing language models under research institutions and libraries’ public interest mission to preserve national languages, the regulation is not adapted to principles of research ethics and open science, and legal uncertainty remains.
“El estado es algo que decepciona”: La conciencia jurídica en medio de la insatisfacción institucional
Authors: Feddersen Mayra , Wilenmann Javier , Cavieres Julia , Gambardella Maite , Rochow Diego 
Published: February 2025

Resumen
A través del lente de la conciencia jurídica, este trabajo analiza la insatisfacción institucional en el marco de un profundo escepticismo hacia las instituciones formales, particularmente en el contexto de la sociedad chilena post-Octubre de 2019. El artículo busca investigar la relación entre la expresión de una profunda antipatía hacia el estado y la postura que los individuos manifiestan con respecto a la legalidad. El trabajo reporta los hallazgos derivados de 12 grupos focales categorizados por edad, género, y locación. Encontramos que, a pesar de los sentimientos negativos prevalentes que albergan las personas hacia estas instituciones, los participantes continúan usando el lenguaje del derecho, expresando su insatisfacción como derechos formales frustrados o por una falta de aplicación de la ley con respecto a las élites corruptas. Concluimos que la existencia de una brecha entre las expectativas normativas y el agudo rechazo por su incumplimiento por parte de actores institucionales abre una estructura de oportunidades para la emergencia de formas más autoritarias de poder estatal.
REVENUE AND CLEARING MODELS FOR CBDC
Authors: Duncan Alfred , Mainente Joao Pedro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper reviews two important design choices for Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs). First, how CBDC intermediaries should be compensated for their services. Second, how payments from traditional banks into CBDC wallets should be cleared. Both of these design choices have important implications for the financial stability of the banking system.
Does Administrative Burden Influence Support for a Low-Income Child Care Supplement? Evidence from a Survey Experiment
Authors: Yang Yang , Hopkins Vincent 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Canada-wide Early Learning and Child Care Plan promises to help low-income parents, especially women, participate in the economy. But even under this plan, care will be too expensive for many families. Several provinces offer targeted subsidies to reduce fees—unfortunately, these benefits are often hard to access and their popularity with voters is unclear. Using a pre-registered survey experiment (N=821), this research note investigates support for a hypothetical child care supplement to help low-income families. Overall, we find strong support for such an initiative, but little enthusiasm to pay for it through new income taxes. We then manipulate the ease of accessing this benefit. We find little evidence that burdensome child care benefits are more popular than easily accessible benefits. If anything, burdensome benefits reduce support. We then briefly consider how partisanship influences support. We conclude with timely recommendations for government and discuss the need for accessible child care benefits.
Right-angled Artin groups and the cohomology basis graph
Authors: Flores Ramón , Kahrobaei Delaram , Koberda Thomas , Coz Corentin Le 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Let Γ be a finite graph and let

$A(\Gamma)$

be the corresponding right-angled Artin group. From an arbitrary basis

$\mathcal B$

of

$H^1(A(\Gamma),\mathbb F)$

over an arbitrary field, we construct a natural graph

$\Gamma_{\mathcal B}$

from the cup product, called the cohomology basis graph. We show that

$\Gamma_{\mathcal B}$

always contains Γ as a subgraph. This provides an effective way to reconstruct the defining graph Γ from the cohomology of

$A(\Gamma)$

, to characterize the planarity of the defining graph from the algebra of

$A(\Gamma)$

and to recover many other natural graph-theoretic invariants. We also investigate the behaviour of the cohomology basis graph under passage to elementary subminors and show that it is not well-behaved under edge contraction.
The Disappearance of Self-Determination from the League of Nations Covenant, January–February 1919
Authors: Malcomson Scott L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
After Woodrow Wilson’s speech to Congress in February 1918, ‘self-determination’ was expected to be a guiding concept for a post-imperial order once the Great War had ended. Yet when the Covenant of the League of Nations was negotiated at the Paris Peace Conference, the phrase was removed. Why and by whom? The existing literature offers little answer. This article argues that Wilson fought for inclusion of both the phrase ‘self-determination’ and the substance of it but was convinced to remove both by his own advisers and members of the British delegation. These men had an agenda at variance with Wilson’s, one focused on solidifying wartime transatlantic co-operation into a post-war governance model that would strengthen the British imperial position and bring the US into support of it. That agenda could not accommodate Wilsonian self-determination. Its resulting disappearance effectively reversed the post-imperial sense of wartime statements on self-determination made by Wilson and David Lloyd George. Anti-colonial movements, as the Paris negotiators knew, had taken inspiration from those promises. Their hopes for an organized dismantling of the imperial order were disappointed. Only after four decades of political violence would the pre-war order be replaced by one that better resembled Wilson’s abandoned vision.
Self-adaptive differential evolution-based coati optimization algorithm for multi-robot path planning
Authors: Zhu Lun , Zhou Guo , Zhou Yongquan , Luo Qifang , Huang Huajuan , Wei Xiuxi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The multi-robot path planning problem is an NP-hard problem. The coati optimization algorithm (COA) is a novel metaheuristic algorithm and has been successfully applied in many fields. To solve multi-robot path planning optimization problems, we embed two differential evolution (DE) strategies into COA, a self-adaptive differential evolution-based coati optimization algorithm (SDECOA) is proposed. Among these strategies, the proposed algorithm adaptively selects more suitable strategies for different problems, effectively balancing global and local search capabilities. To validate the algorithm’s effectiveness, we tested it on CEC2020 benchmark functions and 48 CEC2020 real-world constrained optimization problems. In the latter’s experiments, the algorithm proposed in this paper achieved the best overall results compared to the top five algorithms that won in the CEC2020 competition. Finally, we applied SDECOA to optimization multi-robot online path planning problem. Facing extreme environments with multiple static and dynamic obstacles of varying sizes, the SDECOA algorithm consistently outperformed some classical and state-of-the-art algorithms. Compared to DE and COA, the proposed algorithm achieved an average improvement of 46% and 50%, respectively. Through extensive experimental testing, it was confirmed that our proposed algorithm is highly competitive. The source code of the algorithm is accessible at: https://ww2.mathworks.cn/matlabcentral/fileexchange/164876-HDECOA.
Celebrating 30 years of the international network of agencies for health technology assessment (INAHTA)
Authors: Merlin Tracy , Werkö Sophie Söderholm , Rüther Alric , Schuller Tara , Hailey David 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
It is not often that international collaborations are sustained for any significant period, let alone for three decades. However, despite relying on largely voluntary contributions of individuals within its member institutions, the International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment (INAHTA) has not only been an example of sustained collaboration over 30 years but also an example of how an initially modest collaboration can grow and thrive. Current and former serving Chairs and secretariat of the Network have come together to review network documents and outputs and reflect on the history of INAHTA, since its inception in Paris in 1993. Building on the paper from Hailey et al 2009 that documented the growth of the network after 15 years, we have considered and documented the factors that we believe have helped sustain the network and enable it to flourish in the subsequent 15 years. We have also considered the various challenges experienced along the way, as these too can aid in making a collaboration stronger. Future directions for the network have also been contemplated, given the evolving nature of HTA and the regional collaborations that have recently emerged. We hope that by sharing the lessons learned from this living example of international global collaboration relationships between like-minded organizations can be similarly fostered and enhanced into sustainable collaborations, for the benefit of all.
Modeling the relationship between online L2 motivational self-system and EFL learners’ virtual exchange self-regulations: the mediator and moderator roles of L2 grit
Authors: Rahimi Amir Reza , Sevilla-Pavón Ana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
While previous studies in computer-assisted language learning have extensively explored sociolinguistic factors, such as cultural competence, important psycholinguistic factors such as online L2 motivational self-system, L2 grit, and online self-regulation in relation to virtual exchange (VE) have remained widely unexplored. To address this gap, a study was conducted with 92 Spanish English as a foreign language learners who exchanged language and culture with Cypriot and Irish students and responded to questionnaires adapted for the study context, as part of the SOCIEMOVE (Socioemotional Skills Through Virtual Exchange) Project. The partial least squares structural equation modeling approach showed that language learners who set positive personal goals for the future and evaluate their current learning progress in VE can regulate their learning in it. Interestingly, the sign of authenticity gap was found in the study context, since learners’ motivation to learn in VE was higher compared to their previous language learning contexts, resulting in more effort and consistency of interest in setting their goals, evaluating their progress, and asking for help from others. Furthermore, learners’ L2 grit moderated and mediated the correlation between learners’ online motivation and online self-regulation, indicating that VE success requires long-term perseverance of effort and consistency of interest. Accordingly, a new conceptual framework for VE was developed. In addition, one of the main implications is that teachers who employ VE should focus more on learners’ current needs and the goals they wish to achieve when exchanging information rather than only focusing on their accomplishments based on the course syllabus.