bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agenda Setting Rencana Pembangunan Jembatan Bangka-Sumatera
Authors: Audia Zilna Monika , Ibrahim Ibrahim , Sarpin Sarpin 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian yang berjudul “Agenda Setting pembangunan jembatan Bangka-Sumatera” ini berfokus kepada beberapa kepentingan dari sisi ekonomi, sisi social, dan sisi politik. Metode penelitian dalam penulisan ini yakni penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Adapun hasil penelitian bahwa Agenda setting merupakan suatu program yang dilakukan pemerintah Bangka Belitung untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan yang terjadi di Bangka Belitung seperti inflasi di Bangka Belitung ini yang menjadi salah satu latar belakang untuk meningkatkan perekenomian di Bangka Belitung dengan memberikan alternative kebijakan seperti membangun Jembatan Bahtera Sriwijaya, dimana Jembatan tersebut sepanjang 13,5 kilometer yang berlokasi di Desa Sebagin Bangka Belitung. Dari memberikan altenative kebijakan, pemerintah daerah Bangka Belitung memberikan tindakan kebijakan seperti memberikan kebijakan dalam pembangunan jangka panjang dengan membuat Peraturan Daerah Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (PERDA RTRW). Lalu hasil dari kebijakan tersebut belum bisa terlaksana sebagaimana mestinya karena keterbatasan anggaran karena dalam pembuatan jembatan tersebut membutuhkan anggaran yang sangat tinggi, lalu masyarakat juga masih memikirkan dampak negative dari adanya jembatan itu nanti seperti kriminalitas, budaya dan kecelakaan lalu lintas. Sejak di lakukan nya uji kelayakan sampai saat ini belum ada proses yang signifikan terhadap jembatan tersebut. Artinya dalam pembangunan di daerah memerlukan agenda setting yang harus meilihat sisi dari kepentingan ekonomi, kepentingan social dan kepentingan politik didalamnya.
Investigating Escherichia coli habitat transition from sediments to water in tropical urban lakes
Authors: Liu Boyu , Lee Choon Weng , Bong Chui Wei , Wang Ai-Jun 
Published: January 2024

Background
Escherichia coli is a commonly used faecal indicator bacterium to assess the level of faecal contamination in aquatic habitats. However, extensive studies have reported that sediment acts as a natural reservoir of E. coli in the extraintestinal environment. E. coli can be released from the sediment, and this may lead to overestimating the level of faecal contamination during water quality surveillance. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of E. coli habitat transition from sediment to water on its abundance in the water column.

Methods
This study enumerated the abundance of E. coli in the water and sediment at five urban lakes in the Kuala Lumpur-Petaling Jaya area, state of Selangor, Malaysia. We developed a novel method for measuring habitat transition rate of sediment E. coli to the water column, and evaluated the effects of habitat transition on E. coli abundance in the water column after accounting for its decay in the water column.

Results
The abundance of E. coli in the sediment ranged from below detection to 12,000 cfu g–1, and was about one order higher than in the water column (1 to 2,300 cfu mL–1). The habitat transition rates ranged from 0.03 to 0.41 h–1. In contrast, the E. coli decay rates ranged from 0.02 to 0.16 h−1. In most cases (>80%), the habitat transition rates were higher than the decay rates in our study.

Discussion
Our study provided a possible explanation for the persistence of E. coli in tropical lakes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first quantitative study on habitat transition of E. coli from sediments to water column.
Comparative Growth Performance of Genetically Improved, Chinese, and Local Strains of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Mid-hill Nepal
Authors: Mahato Ishori Singh , Paudel Krishna , Shrestha Abhimanyu 
Published: January 2024

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the growth performance of rainbow trout fry (Oncorhynchus mykiss) derived from the best performing families in a previous experiment.
Study Design: Experimental (Original Research Article).
Place and Duration of Study: Fisheries Research Station (FRS), Trishuli Nepal, between April 2021 and June 2021.
Methodology: A total of 2700 fry with similar initial weights were randomly assigned to three groups based on their origin: Farmers Trout (T1:1.39±0.16g), Chinese Trout (T2: 1.40±0.06g), and Genetically Improved Trout (T3: 1.19±0.1g), each group replicated thrice with 300 fish per tank. The parameters assessed were weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and survival rate. All fish were fed farm-made feed for 90 days with fortnightly sampling.
Results: The Genetically Improved trout group exhibited the highest weight gain (14.22±0.51g), followed by the Chinese trout (13.08±0.24g), and Farmers trout (10.77±0.82g) groups (P=.01). The specific growth rate followed a similar trend, with the Genetic group showing the highest value of 4.28±0.08% and the Farmers group showing the lowest value of 3.60±0.07% (P=.01). However, there was no significant difference in the feed conversion ratio among the groups, which ranged from 0.77 to 1.07. Conversely, the Chinese group's fry demonstrated a significantly higher survival rate (77.94±3.63%) compared to the Genetic (72.33±1.09%) and Farmers (59.28±4.6%) groups (P=.02).
Conclusion: The weight gain and growth rate of genetically enhanced rainbow trout is considerably higher and may enhance the production and profitability of the rainbow culture in Nepal. However, the performance of genetically improved trout requires more validation in farmer’s raceways.
Plastic bronchitis in children: A case series and review of the medical literature
Authors: Brogan Thomas V. , Finn Laura S. , Pyskaty D. James , Redding Gregory J. , Ricker David , Inglis Andrew , Gibson Ronald L. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractPlastic bronchitis is characterized by marked obstruction of the large airways by bronchial casts. We reviewed our experience and the literature to determine whether mortality rates are determined by underlying disease or cast type. We present 3 children with obstructive bronchial casts. One 3‐year‐old patient with Noonan's syndrome developed respiratory failure following surgery for tetralogy of Fallot requiring support with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) the first such case. There were 42 cases in the literature of children with plastic bronchitis. Casts may be divided into two types. Type I casts are inflammatory, consisting mainly of fibrin with cellular infiltrates, and occur in inflammatory diseases of the lung. Type II, or acellular casts, consist mainly of mucin with a few cells, and usually occur following surgery for congenital cardiac defects. Patients categorized by underlying disease included 31% with asthma or allergic disease, 40% with underlying cardiac defects, and 29% with other diseases. Mortality was 16%, but increased to 29% in patients with cardiac defects. Deaths occurred as long as 1 year after surgical repair for underlying defects. There were no deaths in patients with asthma. Life‐threatening events were statistically higher in patients with cardiac defects (41%) than in those with asthma (0%, P = 0.02). Higher mortality in patients with type II casts compared to type I casts did not reach statistical significance (28% vs. 6%; P = 0.06). In conclusion, patients presenting with plastic bronchitis are at high risk for serious complications, especially with underlying cardiac disease. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2002; 34:482–487. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
S‐[18F]fluoromethyl‐(+)‐McN5652, a PET tracer for the serotonin transporter: Evaluation in rats
Authors: Marjamäki Päivi , Zessin Jörg , Eskola Olli , Grönroos Tove , Haaparanta Merja , Bergman Jörgen , Lehikoinen Pertti , Forsback Sarita , Brust Peter , Steinbach Jörg , Solin Olof 
Published: November 2002

AbstractThe [18F]fluoromethyl analog of (+)‐McN5652 ([18F]FMe‐McN) for imaging serotonin transporter (SERT) with positron emission tomography (PET) has recently been synthesized. We describe here the biological evaluation of [18F]FMe‐McN in rats. Biodistribution studies of [18F]FMe‐McN in rat brain ex vivo after an intravenous injection showed a high accumulation of radioactivity in the regions rich in SERT, such as raphe nuclei, hypothalamus, thalamus, substantia nigra, locus coeruleus, and amygdala. Region‐to‐cerebellum ratios reached a maximum value of 9 in raphe nuclei within 3.5 h after administration. The specificity and selectivity of [18F]FMe‐McN binding to SERT was studied by preinjecting blocking doses of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine transporter inhibitors. Fluoxetine, a specific inhibitor for SERT, decreased the specific binding of [18F]FMe‐McN in raphe nuclei by 91 ± 4%; in other regions rich in SERT, similar results were obtained. GBR12909 and nisoxetine, selective inhibitors for dopamine transporter (DAT) and norepinephrine transporter (NET), respectively, showed no significant effects on the uptake of [18F]FMe‐McN. Our studies show that [18F]FMe‐McN has a clear potential as a tracer for studies with PET of SERT function in humans. Synapse 47:45–53, 2003. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An Integrated Computational Infrastructure for a Virtual Tokyo Concepts and Examples
Authors: Kraines Steven B. , Wallace David R. , Iwafune Yumiko , Yoshida Yoshikuni , Aramaki Toshiya , Kato Kazuhiko , Hanaki Keisuke , Ishitani Hisashi , Matsuo Tomonori , Takahashi Hiroshi , Yamada Koichi , Yamaji Kenji , Yanagisawa Yukio , Komiyama Hiroshi 
Published: November 2002

SummaryThe evaluation of tradeoffs between technologies and policies for mitigation of environmental problems requires a systematic investigation of effects over the entire region under consideration. When attempting to model such large complex systems, issues such as usability, maintenance, and computing efficiency often become major modeling barriers. In this work a software prototype for integrating the services of computational models over the Internet, called DOME (distributed object‐based modeling environment) is used to facilitate the construction of virtual Tokyo—a simulation platform for evaluating holistically the tradeoffs between various technologies for reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases. In making steps toward this ultimate goal, two models have been developed that use data defining spatial land‐use distributions and the flows of goods expressed as an input‐output table to provide information on the spatial and temporal characteristics of an urban region. Integrated, these models form a preliminary virtual Tokyo model when applied to Tokyo‐specific databases. Given this platform, process models are applied to examine the effectiveness of using photovoltaic (PV) modules on the demand side to reduce conventional electric power generation and, thereby, also reduce carbon dioxide emissions. The results of introducing PV modules on the rooftops of buildings in Tokyo under various installation conditions are presented as a working example of the prototype. For full deployment on usable rooftop space, PV power generation could reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electric power generation by more than 12%. Future work will use the same methods as presented in this paper to examine cost, a critical determinant in the actual feasibility of PV module installation.
Compatibility issues for mechanical system modelling with standard components
Authors: Hicks B J , Culley S J 
Published: November 2002

The success of a product and ultimately the associated company are largely dependent on the ability of the company to generate effective, high-quality and economical design solutions within shortened development times. To achieve increased quality and considerable time savings, standard components can be utilized. In order to establish a suitable solution the designer must evaluate various component types, sizes and combinations until the desired performance capabilities for the design are achieved. However, further improvements in economy and performance can be obtained by the effective utilization of various configurations of standard components. During this phase of evaluation, the designer must consider not only system performance but also component issues such as reliability, suppliers, cost, maintenance and internal practices. The pressure for reduced time to market does not leave room for time-consuming trial-and-error approaches. Today, experimentally validated computer modelling has become the preferred choice for rapidly carrying out the assessment of performance and the evaluation of design alternatives. In using such techniques the designer also demands the capability to assess whether the connected components are suitable both quantitatively and qualitatively. The quantitative issues relate to whether the components are physically connectible and matched in terms of their performance capabilities, while the qualitative issues relate to the utilization of the component or a sequence of components. These may include preferences for suppliers, cost considerations, reliability issues, recommended component combinations and internal practices. These two aspects of the embodiment process are defined as compatibility analysis in this work. This paper outlines the process for the embodiment of mechanical systems with standard components and identifies the key aspects of compatibility analysis. Following this, the importance of and the requirements for compatibility analysis in modelling mechanical systems are discussed and a strategy to support compatibility analysis within a modelling environment is proposed. This strategy is implemented into an existing system modelling tool and an example study is included to illustrate the benefits to the designer.
Health policy-makers' perceptions of their use of evidence: a systematic review
Authors: Innvær Simon , Vist Gunn , Trommald Mari , Oxman Andrew 
Published: November 2002

Objectives: The empirical basis for theories and common wisdom regarding how to improve appropriate use of research evidence in policy decisions is unclear. One source of empirical evidence is interview studies with policy-makers. The aim of this systematic review was to summarise the evidence from interview studies of facilitators of, and barriers to, the use of research evidence by health policy-makers. Methods: We searched multiple databases, including Medline, Embase, Sociofile, PsychLit, PAIS, IBSS, IPSA and HealthStar in June 2000, hand-searched key journals and personally contacted investigators. We included interview studies with health policy-makers that covered their perceptions of the use of research evidence in health policy decisions at a national, regional or organisational level. Two reviewers independently assessed the relevance of retrieved articles, described the methods of included studies and extracted data that were summarised in tables and analysed qualitatively. Results: We identified 24 studies that met our inclusion criteria. These studies included a total of 2041 interviews with health policy-makers. Assessments of the use of evidence were largely descriptive and qualitative, focusing on hypothetical scenarios or retrospective perceptions of the use of evidence in relation to specific cases. Perceived facilitators of, and barriers to, the use of evidence varied. The most commonly reported facilitators were personal contact (13/24), timely relevance (13/24), and the inclusion of summaries with policy recommendations (11/24). The most commonly reported barriers were absence of personal contact (11/24), lack of timeliness or relevance of research (9/24), mutual mistrust (8/24) and power and budget struggles (7/24). Conclusions: Interview studies with health policy-makers provide only limited support for commonly held beliefs about facilitators of, and barriers to, their use of evidence, and raise questions about commonsense proposals for improving the use of research for policy decisions. Two-way personal communication, the most common suggestion, may improve the appropriate use of research evidence, but it might also promote selective (inappropriate) use of research evidence.
Statistical Study of the Instantaneous Values of Traffic Noise Sound Pressure Level
Authors: Fernández Jesús Alba , García Marcelino Ferri , Soriano Jaime Ramis , Mora Juan Antonio Martínez 
Published: November 2002

In environmental acoustics the knowledge of the time dependency of the sound level provides relevant information about a sound event. In this sense, it may be said that conventional sound level metres have frequently implemented programs to calculate the fractiles (percentiles) of the distribution of instantaneous sound levels; and there are several indexes to evaluate the noise pollution, based on different statistical parameters. For further analysis of sound, and to obtain the commented indexes, it is accepted that this distribution is normal or gaussian. The questions we've tried to solve in this work are the following: First of all, whether the time dependent distribution of the variable sound pressure level should be considered as Gaussian in general cases or only in some particular ones. On the other hand, we have studied how the frequency of the sampling affects the resulting distribution of a given a sound event. To these ends, a set of road traffic noise events has been evaluated. Furthermore, even in gaussian distributions of sound pressure levels, the average of the distribution will not be coincident with the equivalent sound pressure level; that is the level of the average quadratic pressure. The difference between this parameter, and its dependence on the standard deviation, is studied.
Cocaine treatment increases expression of a 40 kDa catecholamine‐regulated protein in discrete brain regions
Authors: Sharan Niki , Chong Victor Z. , Nair Venugopalan D. , Mishra Ram K. , Hayes Robert J. , Gardner Eliot L. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractPrevious reports from our laboratory have described brain‐specific catecholamine‐regulated proteins, which bind dopamine and related catecholamines. Evidence from the molecular cloning of a 40 kDa catecholamine‐regulated protein (CRP40) revealed that CRP40 is dopamine‐inducible and has properties similar to those of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) family. The present study investigates the effects of acute and chronic cocaine treatment on CRP40 expression in the striatum, nucleus accumbens, prefrontal cortex, and medulla. Acute treatment with cocaine increased CRP40 expression in the nucleus accumbens and striatum, whereas chronic treatment with cocaine increased CRP40 expression in the nucleus accumbens only. Neither of these treatments affected CRP40 levels in the prefrontal cortex or medulla. In addition, pretreatment with the spin‐trapping agent α‐phenyl‐tert‐butylnitrone did not attenuate cocaine‐induced expression of CRP40, suggesting that the observed increases in CRP40 levels were not caused by free radicals. On the other hand, pretreatment with anisomycin, a protein synthesis inhibitor, blocked the cocaine‐induced expression of CRP40. Thus, protein synthesis may be involved in the observed CRP40 level increases. Furthermore, neither acute nor chronic cocaine treatment affected levels of inducible or constitutively expressed HSP70, which indicates a specificity of cocaine's effects on CRP40. Since cocaine has been shown to increase extracellular dopamine levels, these findings suggest that increased expression of CRP40 is associated with high extracellular levels of dopamine (or its metabolites). Elevated levels of CRP40 could play a protective role for dopamine neurons in response to increased oxidative stress that has been shown to be induced by cocaine and that can lead to apoptosis and neurodegeneration. Synapse 47:33–44, 2003. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cocaine alters mu but not delta or kappa opioid receptor‐stimulated in situ [35S]GTPγS binding in rat brain
Authors: Schroeder Joseph A. , Niculescu Michelle , Unterwald Ellen M. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractChronic cocaine administration produces alterations in mu and kappa opioid receptor density as well as striatal and accumbens opioid‐regulated adenylyl cyclase activity, suggesting a psychostimulant responsive interaction between opioidergic and dopaminergic systems. Stimulation of G‐protein‐coupled opioid receptors inhibits adenylyl cyclase production of cyclic AMP. The present study employed in situ [35S]GTPγS binding to measure opioid receptor‐stimulated activation of G‐proteins in response to acute and chronic cocaine exposure. Male Fischer rats received acute (1 or 3 days) or chronic (14 days) binge pattern cocaine administration. Three and 14 days of cocaine injections resulted in greater increases in the ability of the mu receptor agonist DAMGO to stimulate [35S]GTPγS binding in both the core and the shell of the nucleus accumbens, all regions of the caudate putamen and the cingulate cortex compared with saline‐matched controls. The greatest increases in DAMGO‐stimulated [35S]GTPγS binding were observed in the dorsal areas of the caudate putamen in animals that received 14 days of cocaine. No significant changes in delta (DPDPE), or kappa (dynorphin A1–17) receptor‐stimulated [35S]GTPγS binding were found in any brain region in response to cocaine administration. These results demonstrate that binge pattern cocaine administration induce changes in mu but not delta or kappa opioid receptor‐mediated G‐protein activity. This study provides support for the hypothesis that the addictive properties of both psychostimulants and opiates may share common neurochemical signaling substrates. Synapse 47:26–32, 2003. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CELLULAR AUTOMATON MODELS OF TUMOR DEVELOPMENT: A CRITICAL REVIEW
Authors: MOREIRA JOANA , DEUTSCH ANDREAS 
Published: November 2002

Cancer development can be viewed as an example of spatio-temporal pattern formation. Several attempts have been made to model and predict malignant tumor behavior and also to account for immune system response and the impact of possible clinical treatments. Modeling started from a macroscopic perspective and developed towards cell-based approaches, from which cellular automaton (CA) models are an example. In this article, we first introduce the general concept of CA systems. Then, we review CA models of tumor development, focusing on avascular and vascular growth, tumor invasion and angiogenesis. Finally, a comparative analysis of the models as well as criteria for designing new CA models are provided and future perspectives are outlined.