bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rights at Sea: State Interference with Activists’ Search and Rescue Operations
Authors: Rocca Matilde 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
After reducing their humanitarian presence at sea, States have begun to interfere with Search and Rescue (SAR) operations led by NGOs aimed to render assistance to migrants in distress. In Italy, the recent Law-Decree 1/2023 on NGOs’ SAR activities constitutes an important development grounding States’ efforts to interfere with activists’ operations. In this article, I first describe the practices of delay and/or denial of disembarkation that Italy has implemented. Second, I consider whether these strategies stemming from national legislation are compliant with the State’s international obligations under the law of the sea. I show how the law of the sea provides some regulation but also leaves crucial gaps which amplify the State’s discretion in interpreting legal duties. Third, I assess how the new Law interferes with the rights of rescuers. I conclude that Italy’s interference with the human rights of rescuers operating at sea is not fully compliant with international legal obligations.
Taiwanese Public Opinion on Inviting the Dalai Lama to Taiwan: Political or Religious Motives?
Authors: Pan Mei-Lin , Kironska Kristina 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Dalai Lama’s absence from Taiwan since 2009, attributed to mounting pressure from China, has not deterred the persistent calls from the Taiwanese populace for his visit. However, the extent to which this desire represents a mainstream or minority viewpoint remains unclear. This raises questions about the motivations behind the Taiwanese people’s appeals for the Dalai Lama to visit the country. Is this driven by religious sentiments, or is it politically motivated? To explore these questions, the authors propose a hypothesis that suggests a dual motivation for pro-green individuals advocating the Dalai Lama’s visit—namely, a blend of religious and political inclinations, encompassing pro-Taiwan independence sentiments and opposition to the Chinese Communist Party. On the other hand, for pro-blue supporters favouring the Dalai Lama’s invitation, the primary motivation appears to lean more towards religious considerations. This paper draws its insights from a comprehensive survey project, the Sinophone Borderlands Survey, conducted in Taiwan during May and June 2022.
Effects on temporomandibular disorder in the treatment of tension-type headache with acupuncture and therapeutic exercises. A secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Schiller Joerg , Büttner Alina , Niederer Daniel , Bökel Andrea , Korallus Christoph , Sturm Christian , Vogt Lutz , Gutenbrunner Christoph , Karst Matthias , Fink Matthias , Egen Christoph 
Published: February 2024

Objectives To examine the effects of acupuncture and therapeutic exercise alone and in combination on temporomandibular joint symptoms in tension-type headache and to evaluate the potential interaction of existing temporomandibular dysfunction on the success of headache treatment. Design Pre-planned secondary analysis of a randomized controlled, non-blinded trial. Setting Outpatient clinic of a German university hospital. Subjects Ninety-six Participants with frequent episodic or chronic tension-type headache were randomized to one of four treatment groups. Interventions Six weeks of acupuncture or therapeutic exercise either as monotherapies or in combination, or usual care. Follow-up at 3 and 6 months. Main measures Subjective temporomandibular dysfunction symptoms were measured using the Functional Questionnaire Masticatory Organ, and the influence of this sum score and objective initial dental examination on the efficacy of headache treatment interventions was analyzed. Results Temporomandibular dysfunction score improved in all intervention groups at 3-month follow-up (usual care: 0.05 [SD 1.435]; acupuncture: −5 [SD 1.436]; therapeutic exercise: −4 [SD 1.798]; combination: −3 [SD 1.504]; P = 0.03). After 6 months, only acupuncture (−6 [SD 1.736]) showed a significant improvement compared to the usual care group ( P < 0.01). Subjective temporomandibular dysfunction symptoms had no overall influence on headache treatment. Conclusions Only acupuncture had long-lasting positive effects on the symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction. Significant dental findings seem to inhibit the efficacy of acupuncture for tension-type headache.
Reintubation Rate and Mortality After Emergent Airway Management Outside the Operating Room
Authors: Yoon Uzung , Mojica Jeffrey , Wiltshire Matthew , Torjman Marc 
Published: February 2024

Background Little is known about reintubations outside of the operating room. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reintubation rate and mortality after emergent airway management outside operating room (OR), including intensive care unit (ICU) and nonICU settings. Methods A retrospective cohort study. The primary outcome measures were reintubation rate and mortality. Secondary outcome measures were location and indication for intubation, time until reintubation, total intubated days, ICU-stay, hospital-stay, 30-day in-hospital mortality, and overall in-hospital mortality. Results A total of 336 outside-OR intubations were performed in 275 patients. Of those 275 patients, 51 (18.5%) were reintubated during the same hospital admission. (41%) of the reintubations occurred in a non-ICU setting. Reintubations occurred after up to 30-days after extubation. Most frequently between 7 and 30 days (32.8%, n = 20). Most of the reintubated patients were reintubated just once (56.9%; n = 29), but some were reintubated 2 times (29.4%; n = 15) or over 3 times (13.7%; n = 7). Reintubated patients had significant longer total ICU-stay (24 ± 3 days vs 12 ± 1 day, p < .001), hospital stay (37 ± 3 vs18 ± 1, p < .001), and total intubation days (8 ± 1 vs 7 ± 0.6, P < .02). The 30-day in-hospital mortality in reintubated patients was 13.7% (n = 7) compared to nonreintubated patients 35.9% (n = 80; P = .002). Conclusion Reintubation was associated with a significant increase in hospital and ICU stay. The higher mortality rate among nonreintubated patients may indicate survival bias, in that severely sick patients did not survive long enough to attempt extubation.
Bibliometric analysis of childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus from 2000 to 2022
Authors: Yu Hao , Xie Xintong , Wei Guangliang , Chen Huidong , Zhang Xue , He Youxian , Li Mengxiang , He Chengsong , He Yue , Chen Jie 
Published: February 2024

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, multisystem autoimmune disorder. When SLE occurs in individuals under the age of 18, it is referred to as childhood-onset SLE (cSLE). Currently, there is a dearth of bibliometric research pertaining to cSLE. Method Relevant studies in the field of cSLE from 2000 to 2022 were screened from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). CiteSpace and VOSviewer software were used to visualize the annual publications, countries, institutions, authors, journals, keywords, and references, after which the authors conducted the scientific analysis. Results A total of 2857 articles were included in this study, and the number of articles published in the past 20 years showed an overall upwards trend. The most prolific countries are the United States, China, and Brazil; however, the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom are clearly superior in terms of literary influence, and there is more cooperation between them and their institutions. LUPUS ( n = 389) contributed the most to the variance. Brunner, HI’s contribution in the field of cSLE is outstanding. The words related to ‘lupus nephritis’ and ‘antibodies’ are important words reflected in the keyword network diagram. The keywords included ‘evidence-based recommendation’, ‘validation’, ‘diagnosis’ and ‘adult’ from 2019, and ‘continuous bursts’ to the present. Conclusion This study examined the research status of cSLE patients, discussed and analysed the research hotspots and trends in this field, and provided a reference for further research in this field to promote the development of cSLE research.
Risk Behavior Among Emerging Adults: The Role of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE), Perceived Family and Interpersonal Environment
Authors: Thomas Shinto , Deb Sibnath , Alphonsa Jose K.  
Published: February 2024

Background: Evidence demonstrates that ambiance provided during childhood and the interactions of children with different social agents during childhood have an impact on their adult behaviour. Objective: The current research tries to explore the role of adverse childhood experiences and perceived family and interpersonal interactions in their resultant adult risk behaviour. Method: Around 613 emerging adults (18–24 years; Male 343 and Female 270) from the northern districts of Kerala, India took part in the study. The participants were selected using multistage sampling techniques. A Semi-structured Questionnaire was used to understand the perceived family and interpersonal environment. In addition, a checklist (adopted from the risk behaviour scale and youth risk behaviour survey) was also employed. The checklist assisted to understand the presence of actual risk behaviours. Results: Hierarchical Logistic Regression analysis is used to test the hypotheses. The results revealed that 87.2 % of the participants were engaged in at least one type of risk behaviour. Socio-demographic variables (gender and family type) and items of perceived family and interpersonal relationships and adverse childhood experiences were found to be significant predictors of emerging adult’ risk behaviour. Conclusion: The results further highlight the significance of childhood experiences and the current family environment of emerging adults in understanding their behaviour, and in designing evidence-based intervention program for emerging adults.
“When an Elephant Has Its Foot on the Tail of a Mouse…” Trauma-Focused Court Preparation Interventions for Sexually Abused Child Witnesses
Authors: Ramaswamy Sheila , Devgun Meetali , Seshadri Shekhar , Bunders-Aelen Joske 
Published: February 2024

Background: This paper addresses the issue of court preparation in a lower middle-income country with recently enacted child sexual abuse (CSA) legislation and almost no precedence of standard child witness training packages or protocols. Aims & methods: Taking into consideration the potential impact of the adversarial system on children and the legal system’s concerns regarding the risk of contamination of evidence and based on assessment and analysis of children’s mental health concerns and consequent capacities for testimony, it describes a set of court preparation interventions designed for a group of vulnerable, sexually abused children from a childcare institution. Results: In recognition of the heightened challenges to their competency to testify in court, the paper highlights the importance of developmental and trauma-focused considerations, particularly in the context of children with adverse childhood experiences, and consequently the role of child mental health service providers in the practice of child forensic psychiatry in the context of CSA. Conclusions: It concludes by challenging established assumptions that tend to underlie court preparation programs for child witnesses and by making recommendations for additional considerations to be incorporated into child witness training in order to enhance child witness competency and child mental health and well-being and to augment victim-oriented procedural justice aspects for vulnerable witnesses in the adversarial justice system.
Assessment of Quality of Life and Long-term Health-related Problems Among Children with Intracranial Tumor
Authors: Narnaware Trupti , Kaur Maninderdeep , Kaur Sukhpal , Madan Renu 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The most prevalent type of solid tumor in children is the intracranial tumor. The treatment of pediatric intracranial tumors has acute and late side effects on the physical, cognitive, emotional, and social health of children, which negatively impact their HRQoL. Objectives: To assess the quality of life (QoL) and long-term health-related problems in children with intracranial tumors. Method: A descriptive study was conducted involving 70 children with intracranial tumors visiting OPD for their post-treatment follow-up. Ethical permission was granted from the Institutional Ethical Committee. Tools used to collect were Sociodemographic and clinical profile sheets of the children, Problem assessment proforma, and PedsQL TM Generic Core 4.0 Scale. Results: The age of children ranged from 4 to 18 years with a mean age of 11.31 + 4.28 years. Fatigue (57.1%) was the most common problem experienced by children followed by weakness (41.4%) and headache (25.7%). In neurocognitive dysfunction, decreased attention was seen in 30% of children followed by difficulty in thinking and reading/writing. Muscle power-related problems, endocrine problems, and psychological and behavioral problems were also seen in these children. The total score of QoL of children with intracranial tumors was 70.8 ± 24.6. The most affected domain of QoL was school functioning, followed by physical functioning. Conclusion: Children with intracranial tumor show average HRQoL and these children are at a higher risk for late consequences, which may influence several life domains.
Biased Calibration: Exacerbating Instead of Mitigating Entrepreneurial Overplacement with Reference Values
Authors: Blaseg Daniel , Schwienbacher Armin 
Published: February 2024

Nascent entrepreneurs often believe that their chances of success are better than those of others due to imperfect information about the competencies and accomplishments of other entrepreneurs, leading to overplacement. Theory suggests that the provision of historical outcome data of comparable projects could help entrepreneurs develop more realistic plans and expectations by closing the information gap and enabling the calibration of their beliefs. However, effectively calibrating beliefs by incorporating new reference information requires effortful cognitive processing and rational integration of the data, which may be impeded by the same cognitive biases leading to overplacement initially. Drawing from a unique dataset that allows us to observe substantial parts of the planning process of 971 entrepreneurs, we investigate the effectiveness of providing reference values as a debiasing tool. Rather than rationally leveraging the information for honest self-assessment, our findings suggest that entrepreneurs use the information to differentiate themselves even more from the reference group after they see the historical values. This, in turn, results in an even higher level of overplacement. JEL Classifications G41, D91, L26, L25.
Application of the MicroNAPS Classification for Robin Sequence
Authors: Resnick Cory M. , Katz Eliot , Varidel Alistair 
Published: February 2024

Objective The only findings consistent among infants with Robin sequence (RS) are the presence of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and upper airway obstruction (UAO). Feeding and growth dysfunction are typical. The etiopathogenesis of these findings, however, is highly variable, ranging from sporadic to syndromic causes, with widely disparate levels of severity. This heterogeneity has created inconsistency within RS literature and debate about appropriate workup and treatment. Despite several attempts at stratification, no system has been broadly adopted. Design We recently presented a novel classification that is summarized by the acronym MicroNAPS. Each of 5 elements is scored: Micrognathia, Nutrition, Airway, Palate, Syndrome/comorbidities, and element scores are summarized into a “stage”. Results Testing of this system in a sample of 100 infants from our center found it to be clinically relevant and to predict important management decisions and outcomes. Conclusions We herein present an interactive website ( www.prscalculator.com ) and printable reference card for simple application of MicroNAPS, and we advocate for this classification system to be adopted for clinical care and research.
Role of Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage on Preterm Birth Outcome
Authors: Rathod Pratibha , Desai Ajesh , Chandel Divya 
Published: February 2024

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) poses a significant global health challenge and focused research is vital for improving maternal and neonatal health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of oxidative stress (OS) and DNA damage on PTB. Methods: There were two groups: (a) cases consisting of mothers with PTB (<37 weeks of gestation, n = 100) and (b) controls consisting of mothers with term birth (>37 weeks of gestation, n = 100). Women with vaginal infection, non-cephalic presentation, multiple gestations, fetal anomalies, Cesarean delivery, pregnancy with Mullerian anomalies, or preeclampsia were excluded from the study. OS analysis was conducted by measuring levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and total protein and DNA damage were evaluated by CBMN-Cyt assay. Statistical analysis was performed using students’ t-test and one-way ANOVA. Results: Low levels of antioxidants SOD and CAT ( p < .0001), and total protein ( p < .0001), besides high malondialdehyde (byproduct of LPO) ( p < .0001) were observed in the PTB group. Moreover, high frequencies of micronuclei ( p < .0001) and nucleoplasmic buds ( p < .01) were detected in the PTB mothers compared to term birth mothers, while no significance was observed in the nucleoplasmic bridge frequencies. Conclusion: When the body’s immune system and antioxidants fail to cope up with the generated OS, it can lead to PTB. Along with other body tests, OS markers and CBMN-Cyt tests have the potential to be used in diagnostics for early warning as well as monitoring and advising mothers for a better pregnancy outcome.
Validation of the short version of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for adolescents in Norway
Authors: Sætren Sjur S. , Hegelstad Wenche ten Velden , Tjora Tore , Hafstad Gertrud S. , Augusti Else-Marie 
Published: February 2024

Background/Aim: The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) is among the most popular and widely used measures of emotion regulation across age groups. This study aimed to validate the CERQ short version (CERQ-short) for use on adolescents in the Norwegian population. Method: A sample of 3461 adolescents (47.3% girls) aged 12–16 years was recruited through the UEVO population-based study of child maltreatment in Norway. Factor structure, reliability, measurement invariance and criterion validity were investigated. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis supported the original nine-factor model including 18 items; however, not a two-factor structure nor a higher order two-factor solution. Internal consistency was adequate for all subscales, with alpha levels ranging from .73 to .84 between subscales across genders. Relationships with internalizing problems measured with the 10-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist and health-related quality of life according to KIDSCREEN-10 supported the criterion-related validity of the Norwegian CERQ-short. Conclusions: Results suggest that the CERQ-short can be used to measure cognitive emotion regulation strategies in the Norwegian adolescent population. The validation of the CERQ-short in Norway could significantly improve mental health care by facilitating better diagnosis, treatment planning, and evaluation, as well as informing public health policy and cross-cultural research.
Workplace induced heat-related-illness and kidney disorders amongst coal cutters of underground mines
Authors: Ijaz Madiha , Ahmad Sajid R , Akram Muhammad , Carter William S 
Published: February 2024

Workers in hot underground coal mines could develop heat-related illnesses, (especially skin, digestion and kidney problems), as compared to workers in non-hot mines. This study found severity of this situation by comparing heat illness symptoms, core body and skin temperature and kidney malfunctioning amongst workers of both types of mines. Ingestible thermometric pills (sending readings to Sensor Electronic Module every 15 s), skin temperature probes (connected to various body parts and sending readings to loggers) and laboratory analysis of pre- and post-shift samples of blood and urine, US-NIOSH-HETA-2012 sheet to survey symptoms, were used to collect data from 50 workers (25 from five hot mines (G1) and 25 from five non-hot mines (G2)). Two mine groups showed significant differences ( p-value <.001) regarding wet-bulb globe temperature, dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity. The highest core body temperature was 38.8°C in G1 and 37.9°C in G2. In intra-group comparison for kidney functioning, post-shift samples showed haematocrit (%) was reduced to 43.6 ± 2.1 from 45.4 ± 1.4 in G1 and to 44.0 ± 2.9 from 45.0 ± 0.75 in G2, and estimated glomerular filtration rate was reduced from 100 ± 19 to 94 ± 0 mL/min/1.72 m2in G1 and to 113 ± 15 from 115 ± 19ain G2 workers. The comparison showed hot mines could induce heat-related illnesses which would necessitate intervention to reduce exposure.
The family as a source of social support for older adults: Implications for gerontological social work
Authors: Bražinová Ivana , Chytil Oldřich 
Published: February 2024

Summary Results of our previous research indicated that older adults believe that there's a lack of sufficient social support from informal sources available to them in difficult situations they face. In follow-up research, we found that older adults defined limitation in their self-sufficiency in daily activities to be the most significant difficult situation for them. This paper disseminates the results of the research seeking to answer the research question: According to older adults, can family be a source of social support in a difficult situation of limitation of self-sufficiency in daily activities? Social support theory is the used theoretical basis. Using the method of qualitative content analysis we analysed 23 semi-structured interviews with older adults. Findings We found that if two conditions, that is, geographic proximity to individual family members and the quality of relationships with family members, are ensured, family can function as one of the informal sources of social support according to older adults. In case that older adults prefer a formal source of social support, they consider their family as a source of social support only in an extreme situation of limited self-sufficiency. Applications This study provides social workers with a better understanding of the difficult situations of older adults and what kind of social support older adults prefer. This study also provides an argumentation about the importance of gerontological social work.