bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypoglycemic effect and chlorogenic acid content in two Cecropia species
Authors: Nicasio Pilar , Aguilar‐Santamaría Lucía , Aranda Eduardo , Ortiz Sharon , González Manasés 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe hypoglycemic effect of methanol leaf extracts from Cecropia obtusifolia and C. peltata was evaluated in healthy mice. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) in plasma glucose levels was recorded 2 and 4 h after a single oral administration of methanol extracts (1 g/kg). This effect was correlated with the chlorogenic acid contents in both species; C. peltata, containing 19.84 ± 1.64 mg of chlorogenic acid/g of dried leaves produced the highest decrease (Dα 2,60 = 20.18, p < 0.05) of plasma glucose levels (52.8%). The extracts of C. obtusifolia from Tabasco and Veracruz, showed similar hypoglycemic effects (33.3% and 35.7%, respectively) and chlorogenic acid contents (Tukey0.05 = 1.8859) (13.3 ± 3.2 mg/g and 13.1 ± 1.6 mg/g, respectively). The hypoglycemic effect produced by different doses (0.1, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1 g/kg body wt, p.o.) of C. peltata showed a lineal relationship with chlorogenic acid content, reaching an ED50 = 0.540 g/kg body wt for extract, and an ED50 = 10.8 mg/kg body wt for chlorogenic acid. These results suggest that C. peltata is a better hypoglycemic agent than C. obtusifolia, and it could be considered for developing a phytomedicinal product to carry out clinical trials. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effects of a Chinese medicinal suppository (Vitalliver) on insulin‐like growth factor 1 and homocysteine in patients with hepatitis B infection
Authors: Chui S. H. , Chan K. , Chui A. K. K. , Shek L. S. L. , Wong R. N. S. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe liver is the major organ for the metabolism of homocysteine (Hcy) and production of insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1). Hcy metabolism and IGF‐1 synthesis may be impaired in chronic liver diseases. The study investigated the regulatory effect of a Chinese herbal suppository, Vitalliver, on Hcy and IGF‐1, as well as their relationship in patients with hepatitis B infection. Forty patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection without cirrhosis, 25 males and 15 females, were observed for changes in Hcy and IGF‐1 after the administration of Vitalliver (one nightly) for a period of 3 months. Serum levels of Hcy, IGF‐1 and IGFBP‐3 were measured at baseline, and at 1 month and 3 months after treatment. Vitalliver reduced Hcy levels significantly (p = 0.001) from 9.7 ± 2.8 to 9.0 ± 2.1 µmol/L after treatment of 3 months. Furthermore, the IGF‐1 levels increased significantly (p < 0.001) from 170.2 ± 81.8 to 212.8 ± 80.9 ng/mL at 1 month and 187.5 ± 72.3 ng/mL at 3 months (p = 0.001) after treatment. In conclusion, it is speculated Vitalliver may have a self‐regulatory effect on the release of IGF‐1 in HBV patients without liver cirrhosis. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of water on zinc (II), cadmium (II) complexes with pyridylimidazole: Theoretical study of stability and electronic spectrum
Authors: Liao Yi , Su Zhong‐Min , Kan Yu‐He , Yue Shu‐Mei , Ma Jian‐Fang , Yang Ji‐Hua 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe geometry structures of complexes such as [Zn(PIm)2(H2O)] and [Cd(PIm)2(H2O)2] [PIm = (2‐(2′‐pyridyl) imidazole)] are optimized by density functional theory (DFT) B3LYP methods. On the basis of their stable structures, the stability of the coordinated water existing in the complexes is analyzed quantitatively in terms of the interaction between the central metal and the coordinated water. The interaction energy of the Zn pyridylimidazole complex increased obviously by considering the intermolecular hydrogen bond (OH…N). The theoretical calculation well explained penta‐ and hexa‐coordinated conformation, respectively, in Zn and Cd pyridylimidazole complexes. The spectral properties of the Zn Cd complexes have been studied by time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT). The calculation results show that the coordinated waters in Cd complexes have little effect on their spectral properties. While the axially coordinated waters in Zn pyridylimidazole cause a red shift in the absorption wavelength and change the pattern of charge transfer as a result of the effect of polarization from intermolecular hydrogen bond. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2006
Re: Comment on “New methods for old Coulomb few‐body problems”
Authors: Harris Frank E. , Frolov Alexei M. , Smith Vedene H. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe scope and purpose of the subject paper by the present authors Int J Quantum Chem 2004, 100, 1086 are clarified. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2006
Low Velocity Gun Shot Wounds of the Brachial Plexus
Authors: VRETTOS B.C. , ROCHKIND S. , BOOME R.S. 
Published: September 2005

28 patients with low velocity gunshot wounds of the brachial plexus were treated at Groote Schuur Hospital from 1980 to 1991. Delayed exploration of the brachial plexus (up to 7 months after injury) was performed in nine (30%) of the patients. The other 19 patients did not have exploration of the plexus; most of these patients showed signs of recovery within 2 to 4 weeks of injury. Injury to the subclavian or axillary artery occurred in nine (30%) of the cases. The average length of follow-up of the patients was 19 months (range 2–90 months). Of the 19 patients treated non-operatively, 15 (79%) had an excellent or good result and four (21%) a fair result. The indications for surgery were the absence of improvement within 3 months of injury or persistent pain. Surgery was indicated for significant pain in five of the nine patients; post-operatively two had complete relief of pain, two improvement in the pain and one no improvement. Of the nine surgically treated patients, three (33%) had a good result, two (22%) a fair result and four (45%) a poor result. The potential for recovery was not dependent on the severity of the injury at presentation or the presence of vascular injury but on the appearance of signs of recovery within 4 weeks of injury.
The Provision of Innervated Skin Cover for the Injured Thumb Using Dorsal Metacarpal Artery Island Flaps
Authors: WILLIAMS R. L. , NANCHAHAL J. , SYKES P. J. , O’SHAUGHNESSY M. 
Published: September 2005

Provision of stable sensate skin is of great importance in reconstruction of the injured thumb. Island flaps based on the dorsal metacarpal arteries were used to resurface ten injured thumbs, and the degree of retained sensibility was assessed using static and moving two-point discrimination and the pick-up test. Results show that these flaps are capable of providing stable full-thickness skin cover in a single procedure and functional sensibility is retained in most cases. The second dorsal metacarpal artery island flap, previously advocated for use in small thumb defects only, has been successfully used as a large wraparound flap in two cases. In one of these it was used with free bone graft to increase the length of the thumb and an excellent functional result was achieved.
Bone Suture Anchors in Hand Surgery
Authors: SKOFF H. D. , HECKER A. T. , HAYES W. C. , SEBELL-SKLAR R. , STRAUGHN N. 
Published: September 2005

The recent development of small bone suture anchors has created potential applications in reconstructive surgery of the hand and wrist. A combined laboratory and clinical study was devised to evaluate their use. 16 paired fingers (32 in all) from eight cadaveric hands were disarticulated at the MP joint with a 10 cm tail of FDP tendon. The FDP insertion was released in all specimens. In 16 fingers reinsertion was performed with the classic Bunnell technique; in the paired 16 fingers, the repair utilized Acufex 2 mm anchors. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding load-to-failure at approximately 40 Newtons. The mean stiffness of the anchor repairs was significantly greater than the Bunnell repairs. 19 consecutive patients were prospectively enrolled with a tendon or ligament repair of the hand or wrist using bone anchors. The average age was 41 years and the average length of follow-up was 24 months. All repairs were stable at the time of follow-up. Bone anchors were simple to insert, required less dissection and surgical time than the Bunnell technique and appeared to be reliable in both laboratory and clinical settings.
Upper Arm Tourniquet Pain in Local Anaesthetic Surgery
Authors: OGUFERE W. E. , GIDDINS G. E. B. , THOM J. S. 
Published: September 2005

A prospective study was performed on 100 consecutive patients (110 procedures) of the perception of pain from an arm tourniquet during a local anaesthetic procedure. This was assessed subjectively, and objectively using a visual analogue scale. For tourniquet times up to 20 minutes, the tourniquet was well tolerated with only one failure (1% of patients) and all successful patients stated that they would be happy to have a similar procedure again. Unlike previous studies, there appeared to be no correlation between time of tourniquet use and the pain perceived. Rather, there appeared to be an idiosyncratic response to the tourniquet which was borne out by the ten patients who had bilateral procedures at least 6 weeks apart and showed consistently repeatable scores.
Acute Posterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy Caused by a Synovial Haemangioma of the Elbow Joint
Authors: BUSA R. , ADANI R. , MARCUZZI A. , CAROLI A. 
Published: September 2005

A case is described of spontaneous posterior interosseous nerve palsy of acute onset. The initial symptoms made it difficult to distinguish the condition from tendon rupture. The diagnosis was established using ultrasound, nerve conduction studies and MRI. The patient underwent surgery to decompress the posterior interosseous nerve and the histological examination identified the tumour as a synovial haemangioma. 12 months after the operation, the patient had made a complete recovery, confirmed by EMG.
Kirschner Wire Placement in the Emergency Room
Authors: STARKER I. , EATON R. G. 
Published: September 2005

To evaluate the safety of inserting Kirschner wires into bones or across joints in a setting other than a completely sterile operating theatre, a prospective study of all hand fractures treated by closed reduction and internal fixation was conducted in a mid-city Emergency Department. Indications for percutaneous fixation were displaced, unstable long bone fractures of the hand. 71 fractures in 68 patients were treated, and in 91% the fixation crossed a joint. No patient developed osteomyelitis or pyarthrosis, and there was no deep pin track sepsis. Seven patients with open fractures healed without infection or delayed union. Patients in whom data were available obtained 90% to 95% of the motion of the contralateral digit. The taboo against percutaneous fixation of fractures in a non-operating theatre setting is not warranted. The procedure can be performed with minimal complications in an out-patient setting.
Low Field MRI and Scaphoid Fracture
Authors: LEPISTÖ J. , MATTILA K. , NIEMINEN S. , SATTLER B. , KORMANO M. 
Published: September 2005

18 consecutive patients suspected of and treated for an acute scaphoid fracture were examined by lowfield MRI. This showed 11 fractures while seven scaphoids were considered normal. T1 weighted images showed a fracture as an area of decreased signal intensity. Two radiologically obvious fractures produced normal MR images. These fractures proved to be the result of old trauma. A wide spectrum of additional traumatic lesions in the wrists, not detected by routine X-ray analysis, were also demonstrated. These included seven fragmented triangular fibrocartilages (TFC), torn scapho-lunate ligaments in four cases and one torn triquetro-lunate ligament. Bone bruises of other carpal bones and seven other carpal fractures were also detected. Low field MRI can be used to show scaphoid fractures and allows diagnosis of additional or simulating lesions.
Exposure to Air during Surgery Inhibits Cellular Activity in Flexor Tendons
Authors: ABRAHAMSSON S-O. 
Published: September 2005

In order to investigate the cellular effects of exposure to air during surgery and to compare the effects of simultaneous irrigation with physiological saline, the deep flexor tendons of both forepaws of 12 rabbits were surgically exposed. In one experiment, the extent of surgical exposure and, in a second experiment, the time of exposure was evaluated. Treated segments of the flexor tendons were collected and labelled in vitro for determination of the ability to synthesize DNA, proteoglycan, collagen and non-collagen protein. With increasing surgical exposure in vivo, an increasing rate of cellular proliferation was observed in segments of the exposed deep flexor tendons examined in vitro. Synthesis of matrix components and the rate of cellular proliferation were reduced by 50% after 40 to 100 minutes of exposure to air and by nearly 100% after 120 minutes of exposure. In contrast, irrigated tendons retained their cellular capacity to proliferate.
Clinical Assessment of Scaphoid Injuries and the Detection of Fractures
Authors: Grover R. 
Published: September 2005

Difficulty in interpreting X-rays following carpal injury emphasizes the importance of clinical assessment in diagnosing scaphoid fractures. The classical sign of tenderness in the anatomical snuffbox is not specific and leads to many unnecessary out-patient reviews. A prospective comparison was made between anatomical snuffbox, scaphoid tubercle and scaphoid compression tenderness as indicators of scaphoid fracture in 221 patients with suspected scaphoid injury. Swelling was determined by measuring the difference in circumference at the wrist joint to compare between fracture and soft tissue injury. Scaphoid compression tenderness was found to be the most accurate test with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 80%. Swelling of the wrist joint was significantly greater when there was a fracture, compared to soft tissue injury alone, even when the initial X-ray was normal. This was independent of any physiological variation in circumference between dominant and non-dominant sides. Scaphoid compression tenderness is therefore suggested as the most accurate indicator of scaphoid fracture and marked swelling should raise suspicion even if the X-ray is normal.
Wrist Denervation
Authors: FERRERES A. , SUSO S. , ORDI J. , LLUSA M. , RUANO D. 
Published: September 2005

In 1966, Wilhelm published a technique of denervation of the wrist joint based on his own anatomical studies of 1958. Other authors have published their experience in wrist denervations with similar results, but there are some discrepancies in descriptions of the innervation of the wrist. We have studied the innervation of the wrist by dissection under magnification on 20 cadaver limbs and by histological examination of five human foetal wrists. Based in our anatomical findings, we have demonstrated that Wilhelm's technique does not achieve total denervation of the wrist.
The Role of Arthroscopy in the Investigation of Wrist Disorders
Authors: JONES W. A. , LOVELL M. E. 
Published: September 2005

The findings at arthroscopy of the wrist in 48 consecutive cases carried out over a 4.5 year period have been retrospectively reviewed. In correlating the clinical and arthroscopic findings in the 36 patients with wrist instability and triangular fibrocartilage injuries we found concurrence in 28 of the cases. In the six patients in whom we were unable to make any provisional clinical diagnosis we did not find arthroscopy helpful. Arthroscopy usefully influenced the management in two of the six patients in whom the articular surface was assessed. We feel that a careful clinical examination of the wrist is the mainstay of diagnosis in wrist disorders. Arthroscopy remains useful in selected cases but has a limited specialized role which should continue to be provided from specialist centres.
The Capitohamate Ligaments
Authors: RITT M.J.P.F. , BERGER R.A. , BISHOP A.T. , AN K.N. 
Published: September 2005

The physical attributes of the three capitohamate interosseous ligaments were tested in a computer-controlled multi-axis testing machine using 12 human cadaver specimens. After an intact test run, selected ligaments were cut in random sequence and the test repeated. The remaining ligaments were tested to failure with servohydrolic stress at 5 mm/second. In the intact joint complex, the average dorsopalmar rotational displacement was approximately 9° in each direction. Under the load limit, the dorsopalmar translational displacement averaged 0.9 mm and 0.5 mm respectively, proximal–distal translational displacement averaged 0.8 mm and 0.4 mm respectively, and distractional displacement averaged 0.3 mm. Based on the sequential sectioning it was found that the dorsal ligament provided 76% (SD 14) of the rotational resistance with palmar rotation of the capitate and 44% (SD 19) of translational constraint with palmar translation of the capitate. The deep ligament provided 51% (SD 15) of the rotational resistance with dorsal rotation of the capitate and 63% (SD 24) of translational resistance with dorsal translation of the capitate. With proximal—distal translation, the dorsal ligament was the most important constraint in each direction. In resisting distraction, each of the three ligaments was equally effective. Failure testing showed the deep ligament was strongest at 289 N, followed by the palmar at 171 N and the dorsal at 133 N.
Ulnar Lengthening and Radial Recession Procedures for Kienböck’s Disease
Authors: TRAIL I. A. , LINSCHEID R. L. , QUENZER D. E. , SCHERER P. A. 
Published: September 2005

Twenty patients with Kienböck’s disease who had undergone a joint levelling procedure, were reviewed at a mean of 11 years following surgery. Clinical and radiological evaluation revealed good long-term results with all patients complaining of less pain than before surgery and with statistically significant increases in range of motion and grip strength. Radiologically a significant number of patients were found still to have lunate fractures and fragmentation. In addition, 13 patients have developed new bone formation in the lunate fossa, and 12 show osteoarthritic changes, particularly at the radioscaphoid interface. Radial shortening was felt to be superior to ulnar lengthening in that there were fewer problems with bone union.
Fasciculated Intramedullary Pinning of Metacarpal Fractures
Authors: MANUEDDU CA , DELLA SANTA D. 
Published: September 2005

We reviewed 20 patients with 23 displaced extraarticular fractures of the distal end of the long metacarpals, treated by fasciculated pinning. At a mean follow-up of 5 years, all the patients were subjectively satisfied with the result. All the patients but one, who fractured four metacarpals, had a normal range of motion. The average grip strength was 43.4 kg for the operated side compared to 43.4 kg for the uninjured hand. Radiologically, the fractured fifth metacarpal had a shortening of 2.2 mm compared to a control group, whereas the volar angulation was 16.6° (13.2° for the control group). The technique of intramedullary fasciculated pinning is a reliable alternative when conservative treatment of fractures of the metacarpal neck has failed or is inappropriate. The procedure provides sufficient stability to allow early mobilization and a good functional result.
Venous Pumps of The Hand
Authors: SIMONS P. , SMITH P. COLERIDGE , LEES W. R. , MCGROUTHER D. A. 
Published: September 2005

Oedema remains one of the most common causes of hand stiffness. Local venous return is intimately associated with oedema formation and management. To elucidate, the underlying mechanisms of venous return, the venous pumping systems in the hand were objectively and quantitatively investigated using Doppler ultrasound, cadaveric dissection and venography. It was demonstrated that functionally there are three independent venous systems: the superficial palmar, deep palmar and dorsal veins, which are activated by palm compression, isometric intrinsic muscle contraction, and dorsum compression, respectively. Each system was investigated independently and found to increase venous blood velocity in both the cephalic and ulnar veins. These systems were also shown to act in synergy, producing the greatest velocity increase when concurrently activated during fist-clenching. The volume of blood pumped during fist-clenching could also be potentiated by preloading by digit abduction. The clinical applications of these findings are discussed.
Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita in a Monozygotic Twin
Authors: MENNEN U. , WILLIAMS E. 
Published: September 2005

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita is a specific, well-defined congenital deformity which primarily affects muscles of limbs resulting in secondary joint deformities. The aetiology is still uncertain. One of monozygotic twin brothers with classical arthrogryposis multiplex congenita is presented, proving that this specific condition is not genetically transmitted.
Long-Term Results after Segmental Aponeurectomy for Dupuytren’s Disease
Authors: MOERMANS J. P. 
Published: September 2005

Segmental aponeurectomy has been proposed as a less extensive procedure for the treatment of Dupuytren’s disease to limit the incidence of wound complications and stiffness associated with wide dissections. Analysis of the late results showed that the operation brought a lasting correction of the contracture. In hands which did not show any sign of progression of the disease, the follow-up values were even slightly better than the immediate postoperative measurements. It also showed that the proportions of recurrences, extensions and hands free of the disease are similar to those after other procedures and that the type of operation does not appear to be related to the progression of Dupuytren’s disease.
Grip and Pinch Strength Variations in Different Types of Workers
Authors: JOSTY I. C. , TYLER M. P. H. , SHEWELL P. C. , ROBERTS A. H. N. 
Published: September 2005

We measured grip and pinch strengths in non-manual, light manual and heavy manual workers using a Jamar dynamometer and a pinch measuring device. Heavy manual workers had the strongest grips with the least difference between sides. Office workers had the weakest grips and the greatest difference between sides. Light manual workers were between these two groups. Consequently, the occupation of the patient must be taken into account when using grip and pinch strength measurements to assess the need for rehabilitation and in medicolegal reports.
Immediate and Delayed Nerve Repair Using Freeze-Thawed Muscle Autografts in Complex Nerve Injuries
Authors: GLASBY M. A. , FULLARTON A. C. , LAWSON G. M. 
Published: September 2005

Six sheep underwent repair of the median nerve along with the establishment of a cavity, fibrosis and haematoma at the site of injury. A further six sheep underwent similar repair delayed for 30 days after the establishment of the complicating injury. Six months after the nerve repair each group of sheep was assessed using electrophysiological and morphometric methods to establish objective indices of nerve recovery and regeneration. These results were compared with sheep which had undergone both immediate and delayed nerve repair with no complicating injury. It was found that delay of the nerve repair and the presence of a complicating injury, both alone and together, contributed to a poorer outcome in recovery of nerve function and maturation.