bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evisceration with primary orbital implant in endophthalmitis/ panophthalmitis
Authors: Kadir Syeed Mehbub Ul , Akbar Mohammad Abid , Ullah Shah Muhammad Aman , Amiruzzaman Md. , Bhowmik Narayon Chandra , Maurya Rajendra Prakash , Haider Md. Golam 
Published: November 2023

To describe the outcome of Evisceration with the primary orbital implant in non-seeing eyes with and without ocular infection (endophthalmitis/panophthalmitis). A prospective, nonrandomized comparative case series research was performed from 2019 to 2022. Patients with the least postoperative follow-up of 6 months were included in the study. One seventy-three eyes of one seventy-three patients were included. Group A involved the infective patients, and Group B included all noninfective blind eyes. Nonporous PMMA implants were used for all cases, and the main outcome measure was the successful retention of the primary implant. All types of complications and satisfactory prosthesis fitting were also observed. The mean (±SD) age was 45.689 ± 11.34 years, with males (53.2%) predominant. All except 11 cases could retain the primary implant successfully. Primary orbital implants were exposed in nine (5.2%) cases (four in Group A and five in Group B), and Extrusion of the primary orbital implant occurred in two (1.1%) cases, and all extrusion occurred in Group A. One hundred fifty-six (90.2%) patients underwent successful prosthesis fitting with better cosmesis. The difference in major complications like implant exposure and implant extrusion between the groups was not statistically significant (P value equals 0.0879, Fisher exact test). Evisceration with a primary orbital implant is feasible in both infective (endophthalmitis/ panophthalmitis) and noninfective blind eyes. It provides a better postoperative cosmesis to the anophthalmic socket.
A decisão da Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos sobre o casamento entre pessoas do mesmo sexo: Obergefell v. Hodges
Authors: Ribeiro Raphael Rego Borges 
Published: November 2023

Neste artigo, estudou-se o caso Obergefell v. Hodges, no qual a Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos (SCOTUS) discutiu a proteção constitucional ao casamento entre duas pessoas do mesmo sexo. Usou-se em primeiro lugar o método historiográfico, com consulta a fontes primárias, quais sejam, os repositórios de decisões da SCOTUS; e em segundo lugar a consulta à literatura especializada, em especial artigos científicos em periódicos jurídicos estadunidenses. Observou-se que a SCOTUS, por uma maioria de 05 a 04, em opinião redigida pelo Justice Anthony M. Kennedy, compreendeu que a Constituição estadunidense obriga que os estados tanto celebrem casamentos entre pessoas do mesmo sexo quanto que reconheçam casamentos homossexuais celebrados em outra jurisdição. Verificou-se que, embora celebrada de modo geral pelo seu resultado, a decisão é bastante criticada até mesmo pela doutrina progressista, em especial por seu foco excessivo no casamento, em prejuízo de outras modalidades de família, e por não construir suficientemente a base para a devida proteção da população LGBT contra discriminação em outras matérias. Observou-se ainda que, após o julgamento de Obergefell, tem havido aumento na aprovação popular ao casamento entre pessoas do mesmo sexo, bem como melhora no bem estar da população LGBT adulta.
A Review on Taxonomy and Allied Issues in <I>Cycas beddomei</I> Dyer, a Narrow Endemic from the Southern Eastern Ghats, India
Authors: Nethaji K. , Venkat Ramana M. , Sankara Rao M. , Venu P. 
Published: November 2023

Cycas beddomeiÂ DyerÂ is known from the Cuddapah, Chittoor, and Nellore districts of Andhra Pradesh. Its habitats are confined to the southern Eastern Ghats in these districts at specified elevations. Issues concerning its identity, typification, distribution, conservation and CITES status are reviewed. Its IUCN red list status is reassessed. The population size of the mature individuals was estimated at 2.05 lakhs; the AOO was 36. 10 sq km (3610 ha) and EOO at 1768 sq km. The species was designated under the â€œEndangeredâ€ category. The species is well adapted to frequent forest fires with its well-established underground stem, a unique feature, not seen in the other cycads.Â
A programmable CRISPR-based light-up RNA stabilizer for fluorogenic RNA imaging
Authors: Fan Ze , Liu Fei , Wang Fenglin , Chu Xia , Jiang Jian-Hui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Live cell imaging of RNAs and dynamics is crucial for understanding their functions and pathological roles. However, fluorogenic imaging of endogenous RNAs remains a challenge. Here, we report the design of a programmable CRISPR-based light-up RNA stabilizer (LUSTER) that enables fluorogenic imaging of endogenous RNAs without the need for genetically inserted tags. We show that dCas9 can bind and stabilize the otherwise degraded guide RNAs (gRNAs). A light-up aptamer-embedded, mis-folded gRNA is designed to restore the dCas9-binding conformation in response to target RNAs and to provide fluorogenic signals from the dCas9-stabilized gRNA for RNA imaging. Our system is universally applicable for quantitative detection and dynamic imaging of diverse RNA targets, including mRNA detection, single-molecule and multiplexed RNA imaging, cytosolic or nuclear RNA localization imaging, and RNA-induced orthogonal transcriptional activation in mammalian cells. The programmability and general applicability of the LUSTER system highlight its broad utility in RNA biology and theranostics.
Learning from COVID-19: Government Leaders’ Perspectives to Improve Effective Risk Communication
Authors: Savoia Elena , Piltch-Loeb Rachael , Stanton Eva H. , Koh Howard K. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlighted the challenges of effective emergency risk communication (ERC) to protect public health, including the difficulty in tackling the spread of inaccurate information. This study aimed to understand those challenges and potential solutions by interviewing leading government spokespersons and their advisors from around the world with experience during large scale emergencies. Interviews were conducted with 27 individuals representing governments from 19 countries across five continents. Thematic analysis, using both a deductive and inductive approach, organized and identified salient themes and patterns that emerged from the interview data.
Results
The thematic analysis of the interviews’ data led to the identification of 9 principles of communication: 1) Timeliness, 2) Transparency, 3) Coordination, 4) Accuracy and Consistency, 5) Accountability and Integrity, 6) Independence from politics, 7) Responsiveness, 8) Equity, 9) Trust and Empathy. We also developed 36recommendations actionable by government agencies to enhance the practice of the 9 principles. Examples include the need for: proactive communication strategies, permanent communication task forces integrated into preparedness and response efforts, robust processes to enhance open discussion of controversial topics within government agencies, clarification of how various branches of governmentcoordinate to oversee specific aspects of the overall communication, and development of relationships across public and private entities ahead of a crisis.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest key practical recommendations for leaders of government agencies to enhance ERC capabilities going forward. Before a crisis, they must constantly review internal processes and integrate ERC functions into overall communication planning efforts. During a crisis, they must coordinate roles and responsibilities across branches of governments, strive to communicate to a range of populations to uphold equity, maintain transparency by avoiding information voids on controversial issues and build trust by building relationships with a variety of community leaders. After a crisis, government agencies should continue the practice of social listening to hear more about the public’s informational needs, strengthen civic participation processes, and understand how an always evolving information environment can best be leveraged during future crises.
Half dome carbon nitride nanostructures
Authors: Torre Alessandro La 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We report on a new form of nanoscale carbon nitride in the shape of single layer half dome structures grown on the step edges of boron nitride sheets. The half-dome structures are formed spontaneously at high temperature in high vacuum using Fe2O3 capped with N(CH3)4OH supported on BN sheets. During the combustion process, the BN support first acted as a reducing agent for the transformation of the iron oxide in metallic iron and, second, as a source of nitrogen that permitted the transformation of the organic capping agent in sp1 CN chains linked with sp2 CN domains. During Ostwald ripening, smaller nanoparticles migrate towards larger nanoparticles, and when the nanoparticles cross the step edges of few-layer boron nitride sheets, a half-dome structure is formed. The propensity of FeNPs to catalyse the formation of the half dome containing cyanopolyynes species has been shown for the first time. The coexistence of carbon nitride atoms in two well-defined hybridization states within CN@HDS may offer functional features characteristic of carbyne and carbon nitride.
Ultrasonographic and power doppler parameters of nails fail to differentiated between onychodystrophy in patients with psoriasis vulgaris or psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Tanaka Anber Ancel , Werner Betina , Bragatto Annelise Correa Bueno , Skare Thelma Larocca , Stadler Bárbara 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Nail involvement is frequent in patients with psoriasis (Pso) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and there is a relationship between nail involvement and inflammation of the enthesis. The main objective of the present study is to describe the ultrasound findings and clinical characteristics of nails from patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis with and without nail dystrophy.
Methods: A cross-sectional study including consecutive patients with PsO and PsA was carried out. The study patients were divided into 4 groups, totaling 120 participants. Group 1: patients with psoriasis vulgaris and clinically normal nails; Group 2: patients with psoriasis vulgaris and onychodystrophy; Group 3: patients with psoriatic arthritis and clinically normal nails; Group 4: patients with psoriatic arthritis and onychodystrophy; All patients were submitted to dermatological and rheumatological clinical analysis. Ultrasound examinations was performed by a single examiner, blinded to all clinical data, with ultrasound high resolution, in B-mode or gray-scale (GS), Power Doppler (PD) and Spectral Doppler.
Results: A significant difference was found between the groups regarding the variable Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) (p = 0.008) and body surface area (BSA) (p = 0.005), with patients with psoriatic arthritis having lower PASI and BSA compared to patients with only cutaneous psoriasis. A positive relationship was found with the average ultrasound thickness of the nail bed and the Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (NAPSI)by the spermann test (p = 0.0072). When we grouped patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, there was no significant difference between the cutaneous psoriasis groups and the psoriatic arthritis groups in terms of nail plate GS (p = 0.44), nail bed PD (p = 0.12).
Conclusion: Greater nail bed thickness indicates early psoriatic nail disease, as confirmed in our study correlating NAPSI with nail bed thickness. Ultrasonography is a low-cost exam, promising in the evaluation, showing that the ultrasound grayscale is consistent with those who have dystrophic nails, but it can't distinguish psoriasis from psoriatic arthritis, even in those with nail dystrophy.
Classification of Human Walking Context using a Single-Point Accelerometer
Authors: Baroudi Loubna , Barton Kira , Cain Stephen Matthew , Shorter Kenneth Alex 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Real-world walking data offers rich insights into a person's mobility. Yet, daily life variations can alter these patterns, making the data challenging to interpret. As such, it is essential to integrate context for the extraction of meaningful information from real-world movement data. In this work, we leveraged the relationship between the characteristics of a walking bout and context to build a classification algorithm to distinguish between indoor and outdoor walks. We used data from 20 participants wearing an accelerometer on the thigh over a week. Their walking bouts were isolated and labeled using GPS and self-reporting data. We trained and validated two machine learning models, random forest and ensemble Support Vector Machine, using a leave-one-participant-out validation scheme on 15 subjects. The 5 remaining subjects were used as a testing set to choose a final model. The chosen model achieved an accuracy of 0.941, an F1-score of 0.963, and an AUC of 0.931. This validated model was then used to label the walks from a different dataset with 15 participants wearing the same accelerometer. Finally, we characterized the differences between indoor and outdoor walks using the ensemble of the data. We found that participants walked significantly faster, longer, and more continuously when walking outdoors compared to indoors. These results demonstrate how movement data alone can be used to obtain accurate information on important contextual factors. These factors can then be leveraged to enhance our understanding and interpretation of real-world movement data, providing deeper insights into a person's health.
Extracellular vesicle-mediated Transfer of miRNA-1 from Primary tumor Repress Distant Metastasis Growth
Authors: Cho Je-Yoel , Kim Hui-Su , Lee Kang-Hoon , Son Keun-Hong , Shin Tae-Jin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Metastases originate from primary tumors and conquer distant organs. Growing evidence suggest that metastases are under control of primary tumors even out of the primary territory, however, how primary tumors remotely control metastases remains unclear. Here, we discovered a molecular mechanism by which a primary tumor suppresses the metastatic growth. Interestingly, we found that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from a primary tumor has an ability to inhibit the growth of metastases in vitro and in vivo. miR-1 was particularly enriched in the primary tumor-derived EVs (pTDEs) and responsible for the suppression of metastatic growth. Mechanistically, intracellular ROS and DNA damage were induced, which led to the cell cycle arrest. Collectively, our data demonstrate that the primary tumor restricts distant metastatic cancer by miR-1 in pTDEs which can potentially be used as an anticancer drug for metastasis.
Modelling Optimal Release Behaviour of Software under Fuzzy environment involving Change point
Authors: Kushwaha Shivani , Kumar Ajay 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A software release schedule has been explored in this paper based on cost and reliability considerations using a change point paradigm. The goal of this study is to model the uncertainties that are present in the estimated model parameters. First, the LSE technique has been used to estimate unknown model parameters and then, by using Triangular Fuzzy Numbers (TFNs), fuzzification of the parameters has been done. As software testing is done by humans, and their behaviour is subjective, the notions of fuzzy set theory is extremely valuable in developing SRGMs. Finally, the predicted total software cost and fuzzy reliability growth are calculated. Using software testing data from real-world applications at different levels of uncertainty, the performance of the proposed model is illustrated. The computed results indicate that the proposed model produces a realistically more accurate insight of reliability metrics, specifically software reliability and total software cost in a fuzzy environment.
Social network structure is robust to parasite induced changes in contact behavior
Authors: Morris Alex M.M , Innocent Giles T , Cunningham Emma J.A , Croft Darren P , Athanasiadou Spiridoula , Hutchings Michael R , Smith Lesley A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Understanding how parasitism may affect social behavior and social networks is key to understanding the impact of infection on a population. Infection can disrupt social networks by altering the behavior of both infected individuals (e.g. by reducing activity) and the behavior of uninfected individuals (e.g. avoiding sick individuals), both of which can have an impact on social group dynamics and parasite transmission. Here we test experimentally how parasitism affects social contact behavior and social network structure using a common parasite infection of sheep. Three treatment groups, each with 4 replicate social groups were established (i) Parasitised; all lambs were infected with a parasitic nematode, (ii) Nonparasitised; all lambs remained uninfected (iii) Mixed; part of each group were infected, and part of the group remained uninfected. Contact behaviours of each individual was recorded using proximity loggers during four phases of infection (pre-parasite, pre-patent, patentparasite, post-parasite). We found infected individuals in the parasitised and mixed groups reduced contact frequency following infection. Infected individuals in mixed groups however reduced contact frequency to a greater extent than infected animals in the fully parasitised group. Despite the reduction in contacts between infected animals in the mixed group, the social network structure was unaffected, as non-infected individual’s maintained pre-parasite levels of social interactions with their infected conspecifics. These results demonstrate how infection can impact the social behavior of all animals within a group, and how the expression of behavioral change may depend on the parasitic status of all group members and the response of uninfected conspecifics.
Exploiting Cooperative Pathogen Behavior for Enhanced Antibiotic Potency: A Trojan Horse Approach
Authors: Mutlu Alper , Vanderpool Emily , Rumbaugh Kendra , Diggle Stephen , Griffin Ashleigh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance poses an escalating global threat, rendering traditional drug development approaches increasingly ineffective. Thus, novel alternatives to antibiotic-based therapies are needed. Exploiting pathogen cooperation as a strategy for combating resistant infections has been proposed but lacks experimental validation. Empirical findings demonstrate the successful invasion of cooperating populations by non-cooperating cheats, effectively reducing virulence in vitro and in vivo. The idea of harnessing cooperative behaviors for therapeutic benefit involves exploitation of the invasive capabilities of cheats to drive medically beneficial traits into infecting populations of cells. In this study, we employed Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing cheats to drive antibiotic sensitivity into both in vitro and in vivo resistant populations. We demonstrated the successful invasion of cheats, followed by increased antibiotic effectiveness against cheat-invaded populations, thereby establishing an experimental proof of principle for the potential application of the Trojan strategy in fighting resistant infections.
Distribution structure of the great gerbil (Rhombomys opimus Licht, 1823) in the western part of the Betpakdala desert of Kazakhstan: biotransformation of arid lands
Authors: Abdel Ziyat Zh. , Meka-Mechenko Tatyana V. , Zhumadilova Zauresh B. , Shakiev Nurbol N. , Yessimseit Duman T. , Abdeliyev Beck Z. , Mussagaliyeva Raikhan S. , Abdirassilova Aigul A. , ISSAEVA Svetlana B. , Meka-Mechenko Vladimir G. , Sadovskaya Veronika P. , Sayakova Zaure Z. , Kulemin Maxim V. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is well known that the earth's climate changes that occur as a result of global climate change are changing the biosphere of our planet as a whole. As a result, many animal species change their geographical ranges, seasonal activity, migration patterns, abundance and interaction with other species, including microorganisms, the facts of which are observed in the deserts of Kazakhstan. The main carrier of the causative agent of the plague in the desert natural focus of the Betpakdala plague of Kazakhstan is the great gerbil (Rhombonus opimus), where the plague epizootic was first discovered in 1959, the area of which was then 30.0 thousand. km2 until 1990. Due to the rapid industrial development of the Betpakdala desert, the impact of global climate change on earth and other factors over the past 30 years, the area of this natural plague outbreak has increased by 50.12% (60.14 thousand km2) in the northern direction due to the biological transformation of the area of the main carrier, which led to the expansion of plague epizootics among rodents. At the same time, the plague microbe was also involved in the transformation process, increasing its natural area of the pistil (the area of distribution of the microbe), which increased the risk of infection of people with plague infection. The paper presents our results of epizootological monitoring for the period 2009–2022 (50.0 thousand km2) and laboratory studies of 522376 samples of field material for plague. The structure of the focus was shown, and the reason for the expansion of the settlement area of the rodent population was revealed. The number of sectors with different levels of epidemic danger and epizootic activity were determined, and the main phenotypic and genotypic properties of Yersinia pestis strains circulating in this natural plague focus were also given.
The January 2022 Hunga eruption cooled the southern hemisphere in 2022
Authors: Gupta Ashok , Mittal Tushar , Fauria Kristen , Bennartz Ralf , Kok Jasper 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Explosive volcanic eruptions can profoundly cool Earth's climate by injecting sulfate aerosols into the stratosphere1. However, the submarine explosive eruption of Hunga Volcano in 2022 was unusual in that it injected into the stratosphere a massive amount of water vapor2,3, which warms the climate, and a much smaller amount of sulfur dioxide4 than previous explosive eruptions of similar magnitude. It has therefore been proposed that the Hunga eruption produced a net warming effect due to enhanced stratospheric water vapor, thereby increasing the chances that Earth’s temperature would temporarily breach the 1.5° C threshold specified in the Paris Climate Accord5. However, accounting for the cooling produced by sulfate aerosols is crucial in understanding the effects of Hunga eruption6. Here, we combine satellite observations of stratospheric composition with idealized radiative transfer model simulations to show that the Hunga eruption produced a net instantaneous clear-sky radiative energy loss of -0.48 ± 0.04 Wm-2 at the top-of-atmosphere in the southern hemisphere, resulting from its effects on stratospheric water vapor, aerosols, and ozone. Using an emulator of a two-layer energy balance model7-8, we estimate that this energy loss resulted in a cooling of -0.1 K in the southern hemisphere at the end of 2022 following the eruption. We find that the cooling produced by sulfate aerosols due to the scattering of sunlight overwhelmed the warming by stratospheric water vapor. This occurred in part because the sulfur dioxide turning into sulfate aerosols affecting optical depth was unusually efficient compared to previous subaerial eruptions. We also find that the decreased stratospheric ozone led to a cooling effect that nearly balanced the warming caused by increased stratospheric water vapor. We thus conclude that the Hunga eruption did not warm5, but rather cooled the planet with a strong hemispherical asymmetry.