bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term changes in the thermodynamic structure of the lowermost stratosphere inferred from reanalysis data
Authors: Weyland Franziska , Hoor Peter , Kunkel Daniel , Birner Thomas , Plöger Felix , Turhal Katharina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The lowermost stratosphere (LMS) plays an important role in stratosphere–troposphere coupling and the Earth's radiation balance. This study investigates the effects of long-term changes in the tropopause and the lower-stratospheric isentropic structure on the mass of the LMS. We compare five modern reanalyses: ERA5, ERA-Interim, MERRA-2, JRA-55 and JRA-3Q. The focus is on changes after 1998, which marks the anticipated beginning of stratospheric ozone recovery. The trend analysis is performed with a dynamic linear regression model (DLM), capable of modeling non-linear trends. According to our study, isentropic pressure in the lower stratosphere (here 380–430 K) shows negative trends in the tropics and positive trends in the extratropics. In the Northern Hemisphere (NH), we find that the extratropical tropopause is rising, accompanied by decreasing pressure at an average rate of −1 hPa per decade. Additionally, our results indicate that the tropical tropopause in the NH has expanded poleward by 0.5° latitude between 1998–2019. In the Southern Hemisphere (SH) extratropics, the lapse rate tropopause shows a downward tendency of up to +2 hPa per decade after 1998, consistent across all reanalyses except JRA-3Q. The tropical tropopause and the cold point is rising, accompanied by decreasing pressure at a rate of ca. −0.5 hPa per decade in all reanalyses. The sign of the tropical tropopause potential temperature trends, however, differs across the reanalyses. This can be attributed to contrasting (absolute) temperature trends in the tropical tropopause region, such as at the 100 hPa pressure level. Consistent with the upward and poleward trend of the NH tropopause, the mass of the LMS decreases by 2 %–3 % for 1998–2019 if a fixed isentrope (380 K) is chosen as the upper LMS boundary. In ERA5, as well as MERRA-2 and ERA-Interim, this mass decline disappears if dynamical upper LMS boundaries are used that take the upward trends of the tropical tropopause into account.
Spatio-temporal dynamics of speleothem growth and glaciation in the British Isles
Authors: Panitz Sina , Rogerson Michael , Longman Jack , Scroxton Nick , Lawson Tim J. , Atkinson Tim C. , Ersek Vasile , Baldini James , Baldini Lisa , Umbo Stuart , Lone Mahjoor A. , Henderson Gideon M. , Breitenbach Sebastian F. M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Reconstructing the spatio-temporal dynamics of glaciations and permafrost largely relies on surface deposits and is therefore a challenge for every glacial period older than the last due to erosion. Consequently, glaciations and permafrost remain poorly constrained worldwide before ca. 30 ka. Since speleothems (carbonate cave deposits) form from drip water and generally indicate the absence of an ice sheet and permafrost, we evaluate how speleothem growth phases defined by U series dates align with past glacial–interglacial cycles. Further, we make the first systematic comparison of the spatial distribution of speleothem dates with independent reconstructions of the history of the British–Irish Ice Sheet (BIIS) to test how well geomorphologic ice reconstructions are replicated in the cave record. The frequency distribution of 1020 U series dates based on three different dating methods between 300 and 5 ka shows statistically significant periods of speleothem growth during the last interglacial and several interstadials during the last glacial. A pronounced decline in speleothem growth coincides with the Last Glacial Maximum before broad reactivation during deglaciation and into the Holocene. Spatio-temporal patterns in speleothem growth between 31 and 15 ka agree well with the surface-deposit-based reconstruction of the last BIIS. In data-rich regions, such as northern England, ice dynamics are well replicated in the cave record, which provide additional evidence about the spatio-temporal distribution of permafrost dynamics. Beyond the Last Glacial Maximum, the distribution of speleothem dates across the British Isles offers the opportunity to improve chronological constraints on past ice sheet variability, with evidence for a highly dynamic Scottish ice sheet during the last glacial. The results provide independent evidence of ice distribution complementary to studies of surface geomorphology and geology, and the potential to extend reconstructions into permafrost and earlier glacial cycles. Whilst undersampling is currently the main limitation for speleothem-based ice and permafrost reconstruction even in relatively well-sampled parts of the British Isles, we show that speleothem dates obtained using modern mass spectrometry techniques reveal a higher spatio-temporal resolution of glacial–interglacial cycles and glacial extent than previously possible. Further study of leads and lags in speleothem growth compared to surface deposition may provide new insights into landscape-scale dynamics during ice sheet growth and retreat.
Enhanced Power Quality In Hybrid Power System With DSTATCOM For Grid Connection
Authors: Yashoda R. Perkar  
Published: January 2025

The utility load is currently facing new challenges in terms of power quality, voltage stabilization, and efficient energy usage due to the increased utilization of circulated power sources in the power grid. Surrounded by the renewable power sources, wind and solar are considered the most reliable. However, relying solely on either photovoltaic or wind energy systems can lead to unstable electricity production due to the unpredictable nature of wind and solar irradiance availability. To address this issue, a Hybrid system of Solar and wind energy generation systems can provide a promising and dependable electricity supply. This paper presents a model of a hybrid system connected to the grid. This technology can greatly benefit remote users, especially in regions where grid combination is not cost-effective. Though, connecting power electronics to distributed generation systems can result in significant issue created by power quality like: production of harmonic and adjustment of reactive power, which can interrupt the distribution system. The paper contains a software simulation model of the hybrid power system and analyzes its performance in grid linked mode. The quality power of the hybrid system is evaluated by calculating the THD at various wind speeds. The utilization of DSTATCOM has enhanced the power quality of this hybrid system.
Convergence Theorems for a Finite Family of Operators Satisfying MZ-Type Condition In CAT(0) Spaces
Authors: Anurag Verma  
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we prove a convergence result for a finite family of operators satisfying the MZ-type condition in space. This paper aims to study an implicit iterative process for a finite family of operators satisfying the MZ-type condition. Our results improve and extend some corresponding recent results from the current existing literature.
Characterization of cellular immune system at different ages in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
Authors: Scata’ Maria C. , De Matteis Giovanna , Grandoni Francesco , Di Vuolo Gabriele , Cappelli Giovanna , Vecchio Domenico 
Published: January 2025

The immune system is part of a regulatory network linking physiology, pathophysiology and behavior and it can be regarded as a source of biomarkers for monitoring health and animal welfare. In recent years, there was an increased interest in understanding the immune system of water buffalo due to the growing economic impact of this species. In Italy, buffalo farming constitutes an important livestock resource to produce typical mozzarella cheese. In this study, to characterize the myeloid and lymphoid cells in peripheral blood of buffalo, we assessed three flow cytometric multicolor panels of antibodies: panel 1, with anti CD3, CD4, CD8α and TCR-δ mAbs; panel 2, with anti CD79a and CD21 mAbs; panel 3 with anti CD172a, CD14, CD16, CD335 mAbs. Seventy- eight animals from three farms were divided into 3 groups by age: 80-100 day old calves (N=26); 16-18 months old heifers (N=26) and 3-6 year old cows in dry status (N=26). Heparinized blood samples were labelled with each antibody cocktail and collected on a CytoFLEX flow cytometer. Significant differences were found by Mann-Whitney test between adult and heifer groups in the mean value of percentage of granulocytes (19.5 vs 13.2; p=0.0158), PBMC (76.3 vs 84.6; p=0.0015), total monocytes (6.8 vs 4.3), T helper (55.6 vs 33.3), T cytotoxic (33.1 vs 54.3), γδ lymphocytes (13.3 vs 32.7) with p<0.0001, and NK cells (5.4 vs 3.5; p=0.0109) and between adult and calf groups in total monocytes (6.8 vs 4.5; p=0.0123), T helper (55.6 vs 27.9), T cytotoxic (33.1 vs 56.1), γδ lymphocytes (13.3 vs 40.4), (p<0.0001), and NK cells (5.4 vs 7.0; p=0.0112). Significant differences between heifer and calf groups were found only in γδ lymphocytes (32.7 vs 40.4), (p=0.0002), and NK cells (3.5 vs 7.0; p<0.0001). Furthermore, the Kruskall-Wallis test highlighted statistical differences in the adult group between the farms in the mean value of percentage of granulocytes (p=0.0030), PBMC (p=0.0120), total (p=0.0152), helper (p=0.0047), cytotoxic (p=0.0019) and γδ T lymphocytes (p=0.0013); total monocytes (p=0.0100), cM and ncM subsets (p=0.0320; p=0.0252); CD21+ B lymphocytes (p=0.0007). The calves showed differences in total monocytes (p=0.0010), cM and ncM subsets (p=0.0335 and p=0.0065), respectively. The heifers showed differences only in the CD21+ B lymphocyte subset (p=0.0439). In summary, this study provides, for the first time, the composition of myeloid and lymphoid cells in this species highlighting large differences between calves, young and adult buffaloes and between different herds. Our results provide a resource for the further study of the immune system and to monitor health and welfare at animal and farm level.
A musicoterapia como metodologia ativa a serviço da educação de alunos com transtorno do espectro autista
Authors: Souza Nórton Zimmermann de , Souza Gabriel Baldissera de , Garcia Gislaine Felipe , Manfro Rafael , Oliveira José Eudes Protázio de , Souza Vilton Zimmermann de 
Published: January 2025

A inclusão escolar de alunos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) exige a adoção de metodologias que promovam o desenvolvimento integral e a participação ativa desses estudantes. A ligação especial entre pessoas com autismo e a música, não são um fenômeno novo. Desde que a primeira pessoa foi diagnosticada com autismo em 1943, esses relatórios são feitos regularmente. A ligação entre música e autismo está sendo revisitada porque, além das visões qualitativas e experienciais, agora existem evidências empíricas do efeito da música em crianças com autismo em revistas médicas. A musicoterapia, como uma metodologia ativa, apresenta-se como uma intervenção promissora no contexto educacional, contribuindo para a melhoria de habilidades sociais, comunicativas, cognitivas e emocionais. Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, os benefícios da musicoterapia para alunos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista, mostrando seu potencial para melhorar habilidades sociais, comunicativas, cognitivas e emocionais, promovendo a inclusão escolar. A análise empregada se baseia em pesquisa bibliográfica, utilizando referências teóricas de fontes impressas e eletrônicas, empregando termos relacionados a “musicoterapia”, “TEA” e “inclusão escolar”. Os resultados destacam a relevância da musicoterapia como ferramenta para promover o desenvolvimento integral de alunos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista, ampliando possibilidades de inclusão efetiva no ambiente educacional.
The effect of digital impressions on the marginal seal of full ceramic crowns: A systemic Paper
Authors: Altabeeb Amaal , Alshaybani Eyiman , Elhtab Marwa 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: A group of three-dimensional imaging techniques have been introduced and these techniques have revolutionized dentistry in general and dental prosthodontics in particular. This has led to an increase in the accuracy of traditional restorations, in addition to providing a virtual framework that includes all treatment strategies, from designing and manufacturing restorations digitally. On the other hand, the challenges related to obtaining oral impressions using traditional methods were highlighted through the use of intraoral scanners (IOSs), as this technology is considered more comfortable and convenient for patients and doctors(1).
Aim: This scientific paper aims to conduct a review of digital impression systems, their advantages, and disadvantages, as well as to evaluate the importance of the marginal seal of full ceramic crowns and to study the impact of digital impressions on them.
Methodology: original scientintific papers on effect of digital impressions on the marginal seal of full ceramic crowns published in the MEDLINE.
Results: A generation change occurs when the manufacturer upgrades an existing scanner (previous generation) in terms of both hardware and software, creating a new version (new generation model). The study concluded that new generations of intraoral scanner hardware and software can significantly increase the accuracy of the devices when it comes to scanning an entire dental arch, while all versions produce a clinically acceptable digital impression of a single abutment.
Conclusion: There is no unison on what nominate a clinically acceptable maximum margin gap width. Furthermore, there is high widely between the systems and methodologies within the different studies which making it difficult to achieve direct comparison between the results of the academicals works. Based on the results of this systematic review all studies appear to indicate a predictable margin gap within or near clinically acceptable thresholds.
Опыт строительства религиозных сооружений в российских городах в конце XIX– начале XXв. (на примере возведения храма Святого благоверного князя Александра Невского в Ялте)
Authors: Кузнецова О.Н. , Кулик С.В. 
Published: January 2025

В статье анализируется исторический опыт архитектурного строительства в российских городах в конце XIX – начале XX в. на примере возведения храма Святого благоверного князя Александра Невского в Ялте. Исследуется деятельность Ялтинского церковно-строительного комитета и его взаимодействие с Санкт-Петербургским обществом архитекторов на примере рассмотрения проектов Н. П. Краснова и П. К. Теребенева. Источниками исследования стали архивные документы, хранящиеся в фондах Центрального государственного исторического архива Санкт-Петербурга, представляющие ряд малоизвестных и неизученных аспектов создания храма Святого благоверного князя Александра Невского в Ялте. В центре внимания авторов находятся аспекты истории архитектурного строительства конца XIX – начала XX в., в частности переданные в Санкт-Петербургское общество архитекторов из Ялтинского церковно-строительного комитета программа строительства, разработанные проекты храма, а также пояснительные записки, которые представляют неизвестную ранее часть наследия Н. П. Краснова и П. К. Теребенева. Дана оценка с исторической точки зрения научно-технической документации по строительству храма в Ялте, представлены свидетельства, подтверждающие авторство П. К. Теребенева при создании храма Святого благоверного князя Александра Невского, воплотившего в архитектуре города образец национального русского стиля, которому покровительствовал император Александр III.
The article analyzes the experience of architectural construction in Russian cities at the end of the XIX – beginning of the XX century on the example of the construction of the church of the Holy Prince Alexander Nevsky in Yalta. The article examines the activities of the Yalta Church Building Committee and its interaction with the St. Petersburg Society of Architects based on the projects of N. P. Krasnov and P. K. Terebenev. The sources of the research were archival documents stored in the funds of the Central State Historical Archive of St. Petersburg, representing a number of little-known and unexplored aspects of the creation of the church of the Holy Prince Alexander Nevsky in Yalta. The authors focus on aspects of the history of architectural construction of the late XIX – early XX centuries, in particular, the construction program submitted to the St. Petersburg Society of Architects from the Yalta Church Building Committee, the developed temple projects, as well as explanatory notes that represent a previously unknown part of the heritage of N. P. Krasnov and P. K. Terebenev. The scientific and technical documentation on the construction of the temple in Yalta is evaluated from a historical point of view, and evidence is presented confirming the authorship of P. K. Terebenev when creating the temple of St. Prince Alexander Nevsky as the embodiment of the national Russian style in the architecture of the city under the patronage of Emperor Alexander III.
Будущее взаимоотношений государства и гражданина в цифровом пространстве: миф, неизменность или опасность (по материалам экспертного опроса)
Authors: Будко Д.А. 
Published: January 2025

Статья посвящена исследованию образа будущего взаимоотношений государства и гражданина в цифровой среде с точки зрения экспертов в области информационных технологий. В условиях современных трансформаций в виртуальном пространстве особую роль приобретает осмысление основных направлений общественно-политического развития, в частности связанного с взаимодействием государства в классическом понимании и с точки зрения концепта цифрового государства и его граждан. Целью является определение трендов взаимоотношений государства и гражданина в цифровом пространстве. В качестве научных источников были использованы работы отечественных политологов по тематикам, связанным с цифровым пространством, политической мифологией и исследованиями по теме конструирования будущего. Эмпирической базой исследования послужили результаты 19 экспертных интервью, проведённых с учёными, практиками и государственными служащими из трёх регионов Российской Федерации: Санкт-Петербурга, Москвы и Нижегородской области. По результатам делаются выводы о том, что образы будущего взаимоотношений государства и гражданина в цифровой среде тесно связаны с актуальной повесткой, уровнем политического доверия, образами, которые можно интерпретировать в рамках политической мифологии, а также, что немаловажно, подчёркивают высокий уровень рисков, связанных с переходом взаимодействий в сферу виртуального пространства.
The article is devoted to the study of the image of the future of state-citizen relationships in the digital environment from the perspective of information technology experts. In the context of the contemporary transformations in the virtual space, particular attention is given to understanding the main directions of socio-political development, especially concerning the interaction between the state and its citizens, both in classical terms and within the framework of the concept of the digital state. The aim is to identify trends in state-citizen relationships in the digital space. The research draws upon the works of domestic political scientists focusing on themes related to the digital space, political mythology, and studies on future construction. The empirical basis of the study consists of the results of 19 expert interviews conducted with scholars, practitioners, and government officials from three regions of the Russian Federation: Saint Petersburg, Moscow, and the Nizhny Novgorod region. Based on the study results, conclusions are drawn that the images of the future of state-citizen relationships in the digital environment are closely related to the current agenda, the level of political trust, images that can be interpreted within the framework of political mythology, and, importantly, underscore the high level of risks associated with the transition of interactions into the virtual space.
Первое специальное исследование методологии международного наблюдения за выборами (Рецензия на книгу: Методология наблюдения за выборами и референдумами / Ромашов Р. А., Мушкет И. И., Еременко Е. В. и др. Санкт-Петербург: Секретариат Совета МПА СНГ, 2024)
Authors: Гришин Н.В. 
Published: January 2025

Книга «Методология наблюдения за выборами и референдумами» (Р. А. Ромашов и др.), изданная под эгидой Секретариата Совета Межпарламентской ассамблеи СНГ, впервые содержит попытку исследования и определения методологии международного наблюдения за выборами. Подход авторского коллектива заключается в разделении методологии и методов наблюдения за выборами. В монографии предпринимается попытка сформулировать систему принципов международного наблюдения за выборами с учётом опыта основных исторических форм международного наблюдения за выборами, их слабых сторон и достижений. Монография предлагает модель систематизации методологии, методов и методик современного международного наблюдения за выборами.
The book “Methodology of Election and Referendums Observation” (Romashov R.A. et al.), published under the auspices of the Council Secretariat of the CIS Interparliamentary Assembly, contains an attempt to study and define the methodology of international election observation. The approach of the team of authors is to separate the methodology and methods of election observation. The monograph attempts to formulate a system of principles of international election observation, taking into account the experience of the main historical forms of international election observation, their weaknesses and achievements. The monograph offers a model for systematizing the methodology, methods and techniques of modern international election observation.