bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of corn husk fiber as filler in recycled single‐use polypropylene for fused filament fabrication
Authors: Yap Lim Kar , Chun Koay Seong , Yeng Chan Ming , Kiat Ong Thai , Huey Ho Shuh , Hunt Ting Chen , Meng Pang Ming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFused filament fabrication (FFF) is one of the most popular 3D printing approaches among end‐users due to its lower cost, ease of operation, and wide range of material choices. However, the use of composite filament produced from recycled plastic and agriculture waste is still relatively uncommon. This research focuses on developing composite filament from corn husk fiber (CHF) and recycled single‐use polypropylene for FFF. In this work, neat recycled polypropylene (rPP) and rPP/CHF composites were extruded into filament for FFF printing. It was observed that increasing the CHF content would reduce the print quality of the parts, as visible air gaps and voids were found on the printed surface and within the layers. Nevertheless, these issues were able to be overcome by adjusting the printing temperature and increasing the extrusion percentage during the printing process. The melt flow index results indicate that a higher CHF content would reduce the melt flow of the extruded rPP/CHF composite during printing, potentially affecting the quality of the printed parts. On the other hand, increasing the temperature enhanced the melt flow of the composite, which was beneficial for the printing process. When a small amount of CHF was added to the rPP, the printed part exhibited the highest tensile strength due to the reinforcing effect of the fibers. However, the tensile strength of printed parts using rPP/CHF composite filament decreased with higher CHF content. Additionally, higher CHF content resulted in printed composite parts that were more rigid and stiffer. It also reduced warpage on the printed specimens made with this composite, but it is important to note that warpage of the printed specimen is not directly correlated to crystallinity caused by nucleating effect of CHF. The rPP/CHF composite filament did exhibit earlier thermal degradation due to the addition of more CHF. However, this should not affect the printing process when temperature not beyond 230°C. This study highlights the potential of utilizing single‐use PP and fibers extracted from corn husk as feedstock for 3D printing. The findings expand the possibilities for recycling and employing agricultural waste in sustainable additive manufacturing processes.Highlights
Utilizes single‐use PP and CHF in developing composite filaments, contributing to sustainability and reducing plastic waste.
This research offers a sustainable approach by utilizing waste materials as feedstock for FFF‐based 3D printing, which able to reduce the environmental pollution caused by disposal of single‐use plastic and promotes recycling practices.
Distinguishing models with μ → e observables
Authors: Ardu Marco , Davidson Sacha , Lavignac Stéphane 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Upcoming experiments will improve the reach for the lepton flavour violating (LFV) processes μ → eγ, μ → $$ e\overline{e}e $$
e

e
¯

e
and μA → eA by orders of magnitude. We investigate whether this upcoming data could rule out some popular TeV-scale LFV models (the type II seesaw, the inverse seesaw and a scalar leptoquark) using a bottom-up EFT approach. We take the data to be the twelve Wilson coefficients that experiments can constrain and in principle determine independently. In this 12-dimensional coefficient space, each model can only predict points in a specific subspace; for instance, flavour change involving singlet electrons is suppressed in the seesaw models, and the leptoquark induces negligible coefficients for 4-lepton scalar operators. Using the fact that none of these models can populate the whole region accessible to upcoming experiments, we show that μ → e experiments have the ability to rule them out.
Vorteile und Ansätze eines Qualitätsmanagementsystems in biomedizinischen Forschungslaboratorien
Authors: Brünschwitz Sophia , Kleymann-Hilmes Janine 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungQualität in der biomedizinischen Forschung ist ein viel diskutiertes Thema unter Expertinnen und Experten, Forschungsinstituten und Förderorganisationen. In der wissenschaftlichen und allgemeinen Presse wird häufig von Qualitätsproblemen berichtet (Bsp.: Ergebnisstabilität nach Testwiederholung – „replication crisis“). Qualitätsmanagementsysteme sind weltweit ein anerkanntes und etabliertes Tool, um Qualität zu lenken und zu leiten sowie Qualitätsprobleme zu beheben. Der Begriff Qualitätsmanagement stößt unter Forschenden jedoch immer wieder auf Widerstand: Geringe Ressourcen, zu starke Regulation, Restriktion der Forschung und unnötige Bürokratie sind hier die Gegenargumente.Der Gedanke eines Qualitätsmanagementsystems für Forschungslabore ist weltweit nichts Neues. Es bestehen verschiedenste Ansätze von Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern sowie Organisationen, ein Qualitätsmanagementsystem in Forschungslaboren zu etablieren und für sich ein mehrwertbringendes System zu entwickeln. Ihre Erwartungen: eine Optimierung der Forschungsprozesse sowie eine Effektivitäts- und Effizienzsteigerung.Dieser Bericht fasst Publikationen zum Thema Qualität in der biomedizinischen Forschung zusammen und erläutert Hintergrund und Vorteile von Qualitätsmanagementsystemen in Organisationen, Laboren und in der Forschung. Als Ausblick wird ein aktuelles Projekt des Robert Koch-Instituts vorgestellt. Der Artikel basiert auf einer Literaturrecherche in englischer und deutscher Sprache. Darüber hinaus wurden international und national gültige Leitfäden berücksichtigt.
Analyse einer differenzierten Schockraumalarmierung an einem überregionalen Traumazentrum
Authors: Limmer Jonas , Paul Mila M. , Kraus Martin , Jansen Hendrik , Wurmb Thomas , Kippnich Maximilian , Röder Daniel , Meybohm Patrick , Meffert Rainer H. , Jordan Martin C. 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Um die sowohl personal- als auch ressourcenintensive Versorgung verunfallter Patienten effizient zu gestalten, wurden in einigen Krankhäusern unterschiedliche Abstufungssysteme hinsichtlich der Schockraumalarmierung eingeführt. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, an einem ÜTZ in Bayern das Konzept von Schockraum A und B hinsichtlich der Praktikabilität, Indikationsstellung und möglicher Komplikationen zu evaluieren.

Methodik
In einer retrospektiven Studie wurden Daten des Kollektivs von traumatischen Schockraumpatienten des Jahres 2020 erhoben. Die Zuteilung in A und B erfolgte durch den präklinischen Notarzt. Es wurden hierbei die Parameter ISS, GOS, Upgrade-Rate sowie die Indikationskriterien nach damals geltender S3-Leitlinie erhoben. Die statistischen Datenvergleiche erfolgten mittels t-Test, χ2 oder Mann-Whitney‑U Test.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt erfüllten 879 Schockräume (A: 473, B: 406) die Einschlusskriterien. Hierbei zeigte sich bei den SR-A- eine Notarztbegleitung von 94,5 % gegenüber 48 % bei den SR-B-Zuweisungen. Neben einem signifikant niedrigeren ISS (4,1 vs. 13,9) wiesen die SR-B-Patienten zu 29,8 % keine in der S3-Leitlinie festgelegten Schockraumkriterien auf. Bei einer Upgrade-Rate von 4,9 % konnten die SR-B-Patienten zu 98 % in sehr gutem Zustand zügig entlassen werden (GOS von 4 oder 5).

Diskussion
Die vorgestellte Kategorisierung ist eine effektive und sichere Möglichkeit, die steigende Zahl der Schockraumalarmierungen ressourcenoptimiert zu bewältigen. Durch die verbesserten Alarmierungskriterien der neuen Leitlinie ist die Aufrechterhaltung dieser separaten Versorgungsstufen aber in Zukunft vermutlich nicht erforderlich.
Computed tomography imaging phenotypes of hepatoblastoma identified from radiomics signatures are associated with the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Chen Yingqian , Froelich Matthias F. , Tharmaseelan Hishan , Jiang Hong , Wang Yuanqi , Li Haitao , Tao Mingyao , Gao Ying , Wang Jifei , Liu Juncheng , Schoenberg Stefan O. , Feng Shiting , Weis Meike 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Though neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been widely used in the treatment of hepatoblastoma, there still lacks an effective way to predict its effect.

Objective
To characterize hepatoblastoma based on radiomics image features and identify radiomics-based lesion phenotypes by unsupervised machine learning, intended to build a classifier to predict the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Materials and methods
In this retrospective study, we segmented the arterial phase images of 137 cases of pediatric hepatoblastoma and extracted the radiomics features using PyRadiomics. Then unsupervised k-means clustering was applied to cluster the tumors, whose result was verified by t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used for feature selection, and the clusters were visually analyzed by radiologists. The correlations between the clusters, clinical and pathological parameters, and qualitative radiological features were analyzed.

Results
Hepatoblastoma was clustered into three phenotypes (homogenous type, heterogenous type, and nodulated type) based on radiomics features. The clustering results had a high correlation with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P=0.02). The epithelial ratio and cystic components in radiological features were also associated with the clusters (P=0.029 and 0.008, respectively).

Conclusions
This radiomics-based cluster system may have the potential to facilitate the precise treatment of hepatoblastoma. In addition, this study further demonstrated the feasibility of using unsupervised machine learning in a disease without a proper imaging classification system.

Graphical abstract
JAK inhibitors improve ATP production and mitochondrial function in rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study
Authors: Mihaylova Valentina , Kazakova Maria , Batalov Zguro , Karalilova Rositsa , Batalov Anastas , Sarafian Victoria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease associated by inflammation of the synovial tissue and autoantibody production. Oxidative stress and free radicals are known to be indirectly implicated in joint damage and cartilage destruction in RA. Several studies describe the presence of mitochondrial dysfunction in RA, but few of them follow the dynamics in energy parameters after therapy. The aim of our investigation is to evaluate the direct effect of JAK inhibitors on cellular metabolism (and under induced oxidative stress) in RA patients. Ten newly diagnosed RA patients were included in the study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma were isolated before and 6 months after therapy with JAK inhibitors. A real-time metabolic analysis was performed to assess mitochondrial function and cell metabolism in PBMCs. Sonographic examination, DAS28 and conventional clinical laboratory parameters were determined also prior and post therapy. A significant decrease in proton leak after therapy with JAK inhibitors was found. The increased production of ATP indicates improvement of cellular bioenergetics status. These findings could be related to the catalytic action of JAK inhibitors on oxidative phosphorylation which corresponds to the amelioration of clinical and ultra-sonographic parameters after treatment. Our study is the first to establish the dynamics of mitochondrial parameters in PBMCs from RA patients before and after in vivo therapy with JAK inhibitors.
Long-term pulmonary outcome of children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: functional lung MRI using matrix-pencil decomposition enables side-specific assessment of lung function
Authors: Streibel Carmen , Willers C. Corin , Bauman Grzegorz , Pusterla Orso , Bieri Oliver , Curdy Marion , Horn Matthias , Casaulta Carmen , Berger Steffen , Dekany Gabriela Marta , Kieninger Elisabeth , Bartenstein Andreas , Latzin Philipp 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
In patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) the exact functional outcome of the affected lung side is still unknown, mainly due to the lack of spatially resolved diagnostic tools. Functional matrix-pencil decomposition (MP-) lung MRI fills this gap as it measures side-specific ventilation and perfusion. We aimed to assess the overall and side-specific pulmonary long-term outcomes of patients with CDH using lung function tests and MP-MRI.

Methods
Thirteen school-aged children with CDH (seven with small and six with large defect-sized CDH, defined as > 50% of the chest wall circumference being devoid of diaphragm tissue) and thirteen healthy matched controls underwent spirometry, multiple-breath washout, and MP-MRI. The main outcomes were forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), lung clearance index (LCI2.5), ventilation defect percentage (VDP), and perfusion defect percentage (QDP).

Results
Patients with a large CDH showed significantly reduced overall lung function compared to healthy controls (mean difference [95%-CIadjusted]: FEV1 (z-score) −4.26 [−5.61, −2.92], FVC (z-score) −3.97 [−5.68, −2.26], LCI2.5 (TO) 1.12 [0.47, 1.76], VDP (%) 8.59 [3.58, 13.60], QDP (%) 17.22 [13.16, 21.27]) and to patients with a small CDH. Side-specific examination by MP-MRI revealed particularly reduced ipsilateral ventilation and perfusion in patients with a large CDH (mean difference to contralateral side [95%-CIadjusted]: VDP (%) 14.80 [10.50, 19.00], QDP (%) 23.50 [1.75, 45.20]).

Conclusions
Data indicate impaired overall lung function with particular limitation of the ipsilateral side in patients with a large CDH. MP-MRI is a promising tool to provide valuable side-specific functional information in the follow-up of patients with CDH.

Clinical relevance statement
In patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, easily applicable MP-MRI allows specific examination of the lung side affected by the hernia and provides valuable information on ventilation and perfusion with implications for clinical practice, making it a promising tool for routine follow-up.

Key Points
• Functional matrix pencil decomposition (MP) MRI data from a small sample indicate reduced ipsilateral pulmonary ventilation and perfusion in children with large congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).
• Easily applicable pencil decomposition MRI provides valuable side-specific diagnostic information on lung ventilation and perfusion. This is a clear advantage over conventional lung function tests, helping to comprehensively follow up patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and monitor therapy effects.
Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management
Authors: Li Jiangtao , Fang Jing , Liu Yani , Wei Xiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSince the first description of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ApHCM) in 1976, contrasting information from all over the world has emerged regarding the natural history of the disease. However, the recommended guidelines on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) pay a cursory reference to ApHCM, without ApHCM-specific recommendations to guide the diagnosis and management. In addition, cardiologists may not be aware of certain aspects that are specific to this disease subtype, and a robust understanding of specific disease features can facilitate recognition and timely diagnosis. Therefore, the review covers the incidence, pathogenesis, and characteristics of ApHCM and imaging methods. Echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) are the most commonly used imaging methods. Moreover, this review presents the management strategies of this heterogeneous clinical entity. In this review, we introduce a novel transapical beating-heart septal myectomy procedure for ApHCM patients with a promising short-time result.Graphical abstract
Association between left ventricular ejection fraction, mortality and use of mechanical circulatory support in patients with non-ischaemic cardiogenic shock
Authors: Sundermeyer Jonas , Kellner Caroline , Beer Benedikt N. , Besch Lisa , Dettling Angela , Bertoldi Letizia Fausta , Blankenberg Stefan , Dauw Jeroen , Dindane Zouhir , Eckner Dennis , Eitel Ingo , Graf Tobias , Horn Patrick , Jozwiak-Nozdrzykowska Joanna , Kirchhof Paulus , Kluge Stefan , Linke Axel , Landmesser Ulf , Luedike Peter , Lüsebrink Enzo , Majunke Nicolas , Mangner Norman , Maniuc Octavian , Winkler Sven Möbius , Nordbeck Peter , Orban Martin , Pappalardo Federico , Pauschinger Matthias , Pazdernik Michal , Proudfoot Alastair , Kelham Matthew , Rassaf Tienush , Scherer Clemens , Schulze Paul Christian , Schwinger Robert H. G. , Skurk Carsten , Sramko Marek , Tavazzi Guido , Thiele Holger , Villanova Luca , Morici Nuccia , Westenfeld Ralf , Winzer Ephraim B. , Westermann Dirk , Schrage Benedikt 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Currently, use of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in non-ischaemic cardiogenic shock (CS) is predominantly guided by shock-specific markers, and not by markers of cardiac function. We hypothesise that left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) can identify patients with a higher likelihood to benefit from MCS and thus help to optimise their expected benefit.

Methods
Patients with non-ischaemic CS and available data on LVEF from 16 tertiary-care centres in five countries were analysed. Cox regression models were fitted to evaluate the association between LVEF and mortality, as well as the interaction between LVEF, MCS use and mortality.

Results
N = 807 patients were analysed: mean age 63 [interquartile range (IQR) 51.5–72.0] years, 601 (74.5%) male, lactate 4.9 (IQR 2.6–8.5) mmol/l, LVEF 20 (IQR 15–30) %. Lower LVEF was more frequent amongst patients with more severe CS, and MCS was more likely used in patients with lower LVEF. There was no association between LVEF and 30-day mortality risk in the overall study cohort. However, there was a significant interaction between MCS use and LVEF, indicating a lower 30-day mortality risk with MCS use in patients with LVEF ≤ 20% (hazard ratio 0.72, 95% confidence interval 0.51–1.02 for LVEF ≤ 20% vs. hazard ratio 1.31, 95% confidence interval 0.85–2.01 for LVEF > 20%, interaction-p = 0.017).

Conclusion
This retrospective study may indicate a lower mortality risk with MCS use only in patients with severely reduced LVEF. This may propose the inclusion of LVEF as an adjunctive parameter for MCS decision-making in non-ischaemic CS, aiming to optimise the benefit–risk ratio.

Graphical abstract
Impact of left ventricular ejection fraction on mortality and use of mechanical circulatory support in non-ischaemic cardiogenic shock. Hazard ratio for 30-day mortality across the LVEF continuum, adjusted for age, sex, SCAI shock stage, worst value of lactate and pH within 6 h, prior resuscitation and mechanical ventilation during the index shock event. LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; MCS: Mechanical circulatory support; HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval.
Long-term outcome of patients presenting with myocardial injury or myocardial infarction
Authors: Haller Paul M. , Kellner Caroline , Sörensen Nils A. , Lehmacher Jonas , Toprak Betül , Schock Alina , Hartikainen Tau S. , Twerenbold Raphael , Zeller Tanja , Westermann Dirk , Neumann Johannes T. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Aims
Patients with acute or chronic myocardial injury are frequently identified in the context of suspected myocardial infarction (MI). We aimed to investigate their long-term follow-up.

Methods and results
We prospectively enrolled 2714 patients with suspected MI and followed them for all-cause mortality and a composite cardiovascular endpoint (CVE; cardiovascular death, MI, unplanned revascularization) for a median of 5.1 years. Final diagnoses were adjudicated by two cardiologists according to the Fourth Universal Definition of MI, including 143 (5.3%) ST-elevation MI, 236 (8.7%) non-ST-elevation MI (NSTEMI) Type 1 (T1), 128 (4.7%) NSTEMI T2, 86 (3.2%) acute and 677 (24.9%) with chronic myocardial injury, and 1444 (53.2%) with other reasons for chest pain (reference). Crude event rates per 1000 patient-years for all-cause mortality were highest in patients with myocardial injury (81.6 [71.7, 92.3]), and any type of MI (55.9 [46.3, 66.7]), compared to reference (12.2 [9.8, 15.1]). Upon adjustment, all diagnoses were significantly associated with all-cause mortality. Moreover, patients with acute (adj-HR 1.92 [1.08, 3.43]) or chronic (adj-HR 1.59 [1.16, 2.18]) myocardial injury, and patients with NSTEMI T1 (adj-HR 2.62 [1.85, 3.69]) and ST-elevation MI (adj-HR 3.66 [2.41, 5.57]) were at increased risk for cardiovascular events.

Conclusion
Patients with myocardial injury are at a similar increased risk for death and cardiovascular events compared to patients with acute MI. Further studies need to determine appropriate management strategies for patients with myocardial injury.

Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02355457).
Unique 40-year survival after heart transplantation with normal graft function and spontaneous operational tolerance
Authors: von Scheidt Wolfgang , Reichart Bruno , Meiser Bruno , von Scheidt Moritz , Sen Partho , Schwarz Florian , Harmel Eva , Bengel Frank M. , Dick Andrea , Ueberfuhr Peter , Reichenspurner Hermann , Jaeckel Elmar , Schwinzer Reinhard , Hagl Christian 
Published: November 2023

Graphical abstractUnique 40-year survival after heart transplantation with normal graft function and spontaneous operational tolerance.
Molecular diagnostics tailoring personalized cancer therapy—an oncologist’s view
Authors: Riedl Jakob M. , Moik Florian , Esterl Tamara , Kostmann Sarah M. , Gerger Armin , Jost Philipp J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMedical oncology is rapidly evolving with the implementation of personalized, targeted therapies. Advances in molecular diagnostics and the biologic understanding of cancer pathophysiology led to the identification of specific genetic alterations as drivers of cancer progression. Further, improvements in drug development enable the direct interference with these pathways, which allow tailoring personalized treatments based on a distinct molecular characterization of tumors. Thereby, we are currently experiencing a paradigm-shift in the treatment of cancers towards cancer-type agnostic, molecularly targeted, personalized therapies. However, this concept has several important hurdles and limitations to overcome to ultimately increase the proportion of patients benefitting from the precision oncology approach. These include the assessment of clinical relevancy of identified alterations, capturing and interpreting levels of heterogeneity based on intra-tumoral or time-dependent molecular evolution, and challenges in the practical implementation of precision oncology in routine clinical care. In the present review, we summarize the current state of cancer-agnostic precision oncology, discuss the concept of molecular tumor boards, and consider current limitations of personalized cancer therapy. Further, we provide an outlook towards potential future developments including the implementation of functionality assessments of identified genetic alterations and the broader use of liquid biopsies in order to obtain more comprehensive and longitudinal genetic information that might guide personalized cancer therapy in the future.