bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Familieliv i komplekse forløb fra krig til eksil
Authors: Shapiro Ditte K 
Published: November 2023

Denne artikel er baseret på ph.d. afhandlingen “Familieliv på flugt – Syriske familiers oplevelse af brud og genskabelse af hverdagsliv” og forsvaret, som blev afholdt på Roskilde Universitet i november 2017 (Shapiro, 2017a). Forskningsprojektet tog udgangspunkt i spørgsmålet, hvordan familier oplever og håndterer at opretholde og udvikle en fælles daglig livsførelse igennem komplekse forløb, hvor de flygter fra krig, søger asyl og får midlertidig opholdstilladelse i Danmark. For at besvare dette spørgsmål fulgte jeg, sammen med en tolk, fem familier fra Syrien, fra de netop havde søgt asyl, til de havde haft mid- lertidig opholdstilladelse og boet i en dansk kommune i et år, inspireret af praksisforskning og etnografiske metoder. Formålet med projektet var at få indsigt i sammenhænge, som henholdsvis begrænser og giver familier muligheder for at genvinde grebet om deres liv i skiftende kontekster. Med udgangspunkt i en subjekt-teoretisk tilgang og begrebet ‘daglig livsførelse’ søgte jeg at udvikle et situeret familieperspektiv på flugt og genskabelse af hverdagsliv.
Afhandlingen viser, at gentagne brud og kollektiv håndtering af foranderlige livsbetingelser udgør gennemgående aspekter af familiers flugt- og genetableringsforløb. Det forskningsmæssige perspektiv på familiers flerårige forløb giver indblik i komplekse processer, hvormed familiers handleevne ændres i samspil med skiftende livsbetingelser, og hvor adgang til lokale sammenhænge har afgørende betydning for familiers handlemuligheder i hverdagen. Analyserne udfolder flygtede familiers sammensatte hverdagsliv på tværs af lokale og transnationale sammenhænge, og viser hvordan flugt- og genskabelsesforløb kan udgøre en afmægtiggørende proces præget af isolation, afmagt og lidelse. Samtidig viser analyserne også et det er muligt for nyankomne familier at udvikle et lokalt tilhørsforhold samt føre et på engang opbrudt og sammenhængende familieliv. Indsigten i de komplekse sammenhænge, som har betydning for familiers oplevelse af afmagt eller rådighed, tilhørsforhold eller isolation, peger på en forståelse af familiers handleevne og oplevelse af lidelse, som knyttet til deres aktuelle livsbe- tingelser i eksil.
Prognostic Significance of Incipient Ulceration in Primary Cutaneous Melanoma
Authors: Paver Elizabeth C. , Ahmed Tasnia , Burke Hazel , Saw Robyn P. M. , Stretch Jonathan R. , Spillane Andrew J. , Shannon Kerwin F. , Vergara Ismael A. , Elder David E. , Lo Serigne N. , Thompson John F. , Scolyer Richard A. 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceUlceration represents a key feature in cutaneous melanoma, contributing to staging according to the current American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) system. However, cases with incipient ulceration do not quite fulfill the AJCC definition of ulceration and are consequently classified as nonulcerated, presenting interpretive difficulty for pathologists. The prognostic implication of incipient ulceration is uncertain.ObjectiveTo evaluate the prognostic significance of incipient ulceration in cutaneous melanoma.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis case-control study consisted of resected primary cutaneous melanomas diagnosed between 2005 and 2015, identified from the Melanoma Institute Australia research database and with slides available for review at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital. Slides were reviewed by pathologists experienced in the diagnosis of melanocytic lesions to identify cases (incipient ulceration) and controls (ulcerated or nonulcerated). Incipient ulceration cases were matched at a 1:2 ratio with nonulcerated and ulcerated controls, respectively. Study analysis was conducted from March to June 2023.Main OutcomesClinicopathological factors and clinical outcomes: overall survival (OS), melanoma-specific survival (MSS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were compared between cases and controls.ResultsOf 2284 patients with melanoma identified, 340 patients (median [IQR] age, 69 [24-94] years; 136 [68%] men; median follow-up, 7.2 years) met the criteria. The matched cohort consisted of 40 cases of incipiently ulcerated melanoma matched 1:2 with 80 nonulcerated controls, and 80 ulcerated controls. The median (IQR) Breslow thickness differed significantly between cases and controls; 2.8 (1.7-4.1) mm for incipient cases compared with 1.0 (0.6-2.1) mm and 5.3 (3.5-8.0) mm for nonulcerated and ulcerated melanomas, respectively. Median (IQR) tumor mitotic rate was 5.0 (3.0-9.0) per mm2 in incipiently ulcerated cases compared with 1 (0-3.0) per mm2 in nonulcerated controls and 9 (5.0-14.0) per mm2 in ulcerated controls. Based on the matched cohorts, patients with nonulcerated tumors had significantly better OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49; 95% CI, 0.27-0.88; P = .02) and RFS (HR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.22-0.64; P &amp;lt; .001) than patients with incipient ulceration. The RFS was significantly worse in ulcerated tumors compared with incipiently ulcerated cases (HR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.07-2.60; P = .03). After adjusting for pathological factors, no statistically significant differences in clinical outcomes were observed between cases and either control group.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this case-control study indicate that incipient ulceration in a primary melanoma represents an adverse prognostic feature that should be noted by pathologists in their reports and considered in future guidelines.
Shifting Contexts: Liam Young's Prototypes of Architectural Futures
Authors: Hopkins Owen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDigital technologies and visualisation techniques are changing the site(s) of architecture, as well as the notion of context and how architecture responds to it. In an interview with Guest‐Editor Owen Hopkins, architect and filmmaker Liam Young discusses the shifting nature of ‘site’, architecture's possible futures and the centrality of speculation for the profession.
Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acid Loaded miR‐23b Inhibits Synovial Inflammation and Cartilage Matrix Degradation in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Wang Lihang , Wang Yun , Lu Tingsheng , Luo Chunshan , Qiu Bing , Huang Shishu , Lin Yunfeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by synovial inflammation that eventually leads to joint destruction. Treatment for RA primarily consists of cytokine inhibitors, B cell‐depleting agents, and T cell costimulatory blocking agents. In recent years, miRNAs have come into play with better therapeutic results and less side effects, yet their clinical use is often limited by their structural instability. By incorporating miR‐23b into the structure of tFNAs to form a complex named T‐23b, the stability of miR‐23b is enhanced, allowing for an efficient delivery in the organism to fully exert its therapeutic effect. At the histological level, T‐23b treatment alleviates synovial inflammation by inhibiting the infiltration of inflammatory cells and suppressing synovial hyperplasia. It also prohibits pathologic angiogenesis, cartilage matrix degradation, and osteoclast generation to protect joint structures. At the cellular level, it inhibits the migration of synovial fibroblasts and also the synthesis and secretion of inflammatory and osteoclastic factors. At the transcriptional level, T‐23b can regulate the expression of related genes, leading to improvement in the phenotypes associated with the aforementioned disease. These effects are significantly more pronounced compared to the individual effects of miR‐23b and tFNAs respectively, making T‐23b a potential alternative for treating RA in the future.
3D Printed Flexible Zinc Ion Micro‐Batteries with High Areal Capacity Toward Practical Application
Authors: Lu Yongyi , Wang Zhihao , Li Min , Li Zongyang , Hu Xinyu , Xu Qunjie , Wang Yuehui , Liu Haimei , Wang Yonggang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPrinted zinc ion micro‐batteries (PZIMBs) possess characteristics such as miniaturization, customizability, and affordability, making them highly promising for the field of flexible electronic devices. Nevertheless, the current development of PZIMBs is seriously hindered by their limited areal capacity. In this study, PZIMBs with a high areal capacity are conducted based on 3D printing technology by optimizing the material properties, electrode ink formulation, and printing parameters. The cathode material, polyvinylpyrrolidone‐induced ammonium vanadate (P‐NVO) nanobelt, exhibits a high capacity of 457.3 mAh g−1 at 0.1 mA g−1, along with good cycling performance and rate capability. The double‐network hydrogel electrolyte, composed of crosslinked polyacrylamide‐polyvinylpyrrolidone (PAM‐PVP hydrogel electrolyte), demonstrates excellent ionic conductivity (107.22 mS cm−1), high stretchability (970%), and viscosity. The constructed PZIMBs exhibit a high areal capacity of 4.02 mAh cm−2 at 0.5 mA cm−2, along with good mechanical flexibility. Moreover, through the integration of PZIMBs with pressure sensors, an interactive system is developed that resembles electronic skin, and this integration enables practical applications of wearable devices. This study presents a novel approach for fabricating PZIMBs with high areal capacity, thereby contributing to and propelling the advancement of flexible energy storage.
Suppressing Chemical and Galvanic Corrosion in Anode‐Free Lithium Metal Batteries Through Electrolyte Design
Authors: Zhou Bingxin , Stoševski Ivan , Bonakdarpour Arman , Wilkinson David P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe advancement of anode‐free lithium metal batteries (AFLMBs) is greatly appreciated due to their exceptional energy density. Despite considerable efforts to enhance the cycling performance of AFLMBs, the understanding of lithium corrosion, which leads to substantial capacity loss during the open circuit voltage (OCV), regardless of electrolyte chemistry, remains limited. In particular, the connection between electrolytes and lithium corrosion performance lacks clear understanding, and the impact of solid‐electrolyte interface (SEI) composition on resistance against lithium corrosion remains elusive. This study explores, for the first time, the effects of salt concentration and solvents on the lithium corrosion behavior in AFLMBs, utilizing the lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI)‐1,2 dimethoxyethane (DME)‐1,3 dioxolane (DOL) electrolyte system. The findings reveal that increasing salt concentration leads to the suppression of chemical corrosion but exacerbation of galvanic corrosion. The key to effectively suppressing both chemical and galvanic corrosion lies in promoting the coordination of less‐soluble particles and polymers within the SEI. This conclusion is further validated by a two‐step electrolyte modification measurement. As a result, a new electrolyte formula, 0.5 M LiFSI‐0.5 M LiBF2(C2O4)‐0.5 M LiNO3(DME/fluoroethylene carbonate or FEC), is prepared and shown to have improved resistance to both chemical and galvanic corrosion, and the Coulombic efficiency loss from chemical corrosion is reduced to 0.13%.
Maleimide‐Controlled Formation of Indanonylpyrrolinediones and Spiroindanonylpyrrolinediones via Rh(III)‐Catalyzed C−H Activation of Sulfoxonium Ylides
Authors: Muthuraja Perumal , Saeed Akhtar Muhammad , Gopinath Purushothaman , Rok Lee Yong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA substrate‐controlled [4+1] annulation of sulfoxonium ylides with maleimides via Rh(III)‐catalyzed C−H bond activation is developed. The reaction of sulfoxonium ylides with 2‐methyl‐N‐arylmaleimides in the presence of AgNTf2 diastereoselectively provides diversely functionalized indanonylpyrroline‐2,5‐dione derivatives. Furthermore, in the presence of AgBF4, the subsequent reaction with maleimides leads to biologically intriguing various spiroindanonylpyrroline‐2,5‐diones. This methodology offers a broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, and diastereoselectivity.
Design of Electrocatalytic Janus WSeS/WSe2 Heterostructure Nanowall Electrodes with High Selectivity and Faradaic Efficiency for Nitrogen Reduction
Authors: Peng Yu‐Ren , Tang Shin‐Yi , Yang Tzi‐Yi , Sino Paul Albert , Chen Yuan‐Chun , Chaudhary Mayur , Chen Chieh‐Ting , Cyu Ruei‐Hong , Chung Chia‐Chen , Gu Bing‐Ni , Liu Ming‐Jing , Hsu Che‐Hao , Huang Hung‐Yi , Lee Ling , Wu Shu‐Chi , Jen Yu‐Yi , Cheng You‐Song , Hu Chi‐Chang , Miao Wen‐Chien , Kuo Hao‐Chung , Chueh Yu‐Lun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is an attractive process for next‐generation ammonia synthesis; therefore, identifying a suitable catalyst for this reaction is critical. In recent years, transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and their Janus structures have gained significant attention because of their outstanding catalytic properties. However, the synthesis of Janus TMDs remains challenging, and exposing their active sites is difficult when using a low‐dimensional structure to improve the catalytic activity. To date, relatively little research has been conducted in this area. Herein, emerging Janus WSeS/WSe2 heterostructure nanowalls are systematically explored. These nanowalls are used as a nitrogen fixation catalyst in electrolytes. The nanowalls demonstrate a significant NH3 yield rate and Faradaic efficiency of 13.97 µg h‐mgcat−1 and 35.24% at −0.3 V in 0.1 m HCl, as well as 15.96 µg h‐mgcat−1 and 40.2% in 0.1 M Na2SO4. This study presents an in‐depth analysis of the properties of Janus WSeS/WSe2 heterostructure nanowalls and a conceptual framework for linking TMD‐based catalysts and the NRR.
Detection of TDP‐43 seeding activity in the olfactory mucosa from patients with frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Fontana Elena , Bongianni Matilde , Benussi Alberto , Bronzato Erika , Scialo Carlo , Sacchetto Luca , Cagnin Annachiara , Castriciano Santina , Buratti Emanuele , Gardoni Fabrizio , Italia Maria , Schreiber Alberto , Ferracin Chiara , Fiorini Michele , Newell Kathy L. , Cracco Laura , Garringer Holly J. , Cecchini Maria Paola , Polymenidou Magdalini , Padovani Alessandro , Monaco Salvatore , Legname Giuseppe , Ghetti Bernardino , Borroni Barbara , Zanusso Gianluigi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe assessed TAR DNA‐binding protein 43 (TDP‐43) seeding activity and aggregates detection in olfactory mucosa of patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP‐43‐immunoreactive pathology (FTLD‐TDP) by TDP‐43 seeding amplification assay (TDP43‐SAA) and immunocytochemical analysis.METHODSThe TDP43‐SAA was optimized using frontal cortex samples from 16 post mortem cases with FTLD‐TDP, FTLD with tau inclusions, and controls. Subsequently, olfactory mucosa samples were collected from 17 patients with FTLD‐TDP, 15 healthy controls, and three patients carrying MAPT variants.RESULTSTDP43‐SAA discriminated with 100% accuracy post mortem cases presenting or lacking TDP‐43 neuropathology. TDP‐43 seeding activity was detectable in the olfactory mucosa, and 82.4% of patients with FTLD‐TDP tested positive, whereas 86.7% of controls tested negative (P < 0.001). Two out of three patients with MAPT mutations tested negative. In TDP43‐SAA positive samples, cytoplasmatic deposits of phosphorylated TDP‐43 in the olfactory neural cells were detected.DISCUSSIONTDP‐43 aggregates can be detectable in olfactory mucosa, suggesting that TDP43‐SAA might be useful for identifying and monitoring FTLD‐TDP in living patients.
Adsorption behaviors and mechanisms of porous hypercrosslinked polymers with adjustable functional groups toward doxycycline hydrochloride from water
Authors: Guo Yingjie , Chen Zan , Hu Xue , Du Yawei , Duan Cuijia , Li Claudia , Kawi Sibudjing , Li Yinhui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractImino hypercrosslinked polymers (NH‐HCPs), amino hypercrosslinked polymers (NH2‐HCPs), and carboxyl hypercrosslinked polymers (COOH‐HCPs) were synthesized through cross‐linking and Friedel‐Crafts reactions to serve as highly efficient adsorbents for doxycycline hydrochloride (DOX) in water. These polymers, NH‐HCPs, NH2‐HCPs, and COOH‐HCPs, exhibited specific surface areas measuring 450, 267.576, and 94.39 m2/g, respectively. The adsorption kinetics of DOX onto these polymers were consistent with the pseudo‐second‐order model, while the adsorption isotherms followed the Langmuir model (NH‐HCPs) and Freundlich model (NH2‐HCPs and COOH‐HCPs), respectively. The maximum DOX adsorption capacities for NH‐HCPs, NH2‐HCPs, and COOH‐HCPs were 166.82, 132.43, and 72.07 mg/g, respectively. Simulation results indicated that COOH‐HCPs exhibited the strongest adsorption capability due to a substantial presence of oxygen and nitrogen groups on its surface, enabling the formation of hydrogen bonds with DOX. However, its actual adsorption capacity was the lowest among the polymers, indicating that structural adjustments played a more significant role in improving adsorption performance compared to functional adjustments. Adsorption experiments conducted with NH‐HCPs and NH2‐HCPs further supported this hypothesis. The primary DOX adsorption mechanism of NH‐HCPs, NH2‐HCPs, and COOH‐HCPs involved the H‐bonding of oxygen and nitrogen functional groups, along with other mechanisms such as π‐π conjugated effects, pore‐filling effects, electrostatic interactions, and acid–base interactions. Overall, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of NH‐HCPs, NH2‐HCPs, and COOH‐HCPs in DOX removal from water, highlighting the significant influence of structural adjustments on adsorption performance.
Safe Drinking Water Act Enforcement: Updates and Information for Water Utilities
Authors: Tenpas Ron , Snow Corinne , Flesch Hannah M. 
Published: November 2023

Key TakeawaysPublic water systems should assess their compliance with regulatory requirements and be prepared for additional scrutiny from regulators.The US Environmental Protection Agency may apply pressure to include climate‐related assessments in Section 1433 risk and resilience plans.Regulators have the authority to seek information from utilities and inspect facilities.Utilities operating in overburdened communities should be especially aware of regulatory requirements and be prepared for more inspections.
Molecular Adhesion of a Pilus‐Derived Peptide Involved in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Formation on Non‐Polar ZnO‐Surfaces
Authors: Prüßner Tim , Meinderink Dennis , Zhu Siqi , Orive Alejandro G. , Kielar Charlotte , Huck Marten , Steinrück Hans‐Georg , Keller Adrian , Grundmeier Guido 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBacterial colonization and biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces are initiated by the adhesion of peptides and proteins. Understanding the adhesion of such peptides and proteins at a molecular level thus represents an important step toward controlling and suppressing biofilm formation on technological and medical materials. This study investigates the molecular adhesion of a pilus‐derived peptide that facilitates biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a multidrug‐resistant opportunistic pathogen frequently encountered in healthcare settings. Single‐molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) was performed on chemically etched ZnO
surfaces to gather insights about peptide adsorption force and its kinetics. Metal‐free click chemistry for the fabrication of peptide‐terminated SMFS cantilevers was performed on amine‐terminated gold cantilevers and verified by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and polarization‐modulated infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM‐IRRAS). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and XPS analyses reveal stable topographies and surface chemistries of the substrates that are not affected by SMFS. Rupture events described by the worm‐like chain model (WLC) up to 600 pN were detected for the non‐polar ZnO surfaces. The dissociation barrier energy at zero force ΔG(0), the transition state distance xb and bound‐unbound dissociation rate at zero force koff(0) for the single crystalline substrate indicate that coordination and hydrogen bonds dominate the peptide/surface interaction.
Probing the Behavior of Composition‐Tunable Ultrathin PtNi Nanowires for CO Oxidation and Small‐Molecule Electrocatalytic Reactions
Authors: Hurley Nathaniel , Gallagher Michael , Koenigsmann Christopher , Stephanie Elena , Davoudi Monireh , Plonka Anna M. , Wang Haodong , Zhang Lihua , Frenkel Anatoly I. , Wong Stanislaus S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe have successfully synthesized ultrathin nanowires of pure Pt, Pt99Ni1, Pt9Ni1, and Pt7Ni3 using a modified room‐temperature soft‐template method. Analysis of both methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) and ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) results found that the Pt7Ni3 samples yielded the best performance with specific activities of 0.36 and 0.34 mA/cm2 respectively. Additionally, formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR) tests noted that both Pt and PtNi nanowires oxidize small organic molecules (SOMs) via an indirect pathway. CO oxidation data suggests little measurable performance without any pre‐reduction treatment; however, after annealing in H2, we detected significantly improved CO2 formation for both Pt9Ni1 and Pt7Ni3 motifs. These observations highlight the importance of pre‐treating these nanowires under a reducing atmosphere to enhance their performance for CO oxidation. To explain these findings, we collected extended x‐ray adsorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy data, consistent with the presence of partial alloying with a tendency for Pt and Ni to segregate, thereby implying the formation of a Pt‐rich shell coupled with a Ni‐rich core. We also observed that the degree of alloying within the nanowires increased after annealing in a reducing atmosphere, a finding deduced through analysis of the coordination numbers and calculations of Cowley's short range order parameters.
The impact of nursing home residency on psychotropic drug use in major neurocognitive disorder: A nationwide comparison
Authors: Kindstedt Jonas , Glader Eva‐Lotta , Lövheim Hugo , Lindkvist Marie , Gustafsson Maria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionPsychotropic drugs are utilized against neuropsychiatric symptoms among people with major neurocognitive disorder (NCD) despite well‐documented risks, and older people in nursing homes are expected to be more frequently exposed to those medicines. This study compared psychotropic drug use and associated factors between older people with major NCD and matched references.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included individuals from three national registries in Sweden. References were randomly matched 1:1 by age and sex from the Swedish Total Population Register. Drug use was defined as at least one prescription fill from 1 July to 31 December 2019 and presented as proportion of drug users. In addition, ORs regarding psychotropic drug use and associated factors use were analysed using generalized estimating equations.ResultsThere were 102,419 complete matching pairs alive on 31 December 2019. The proportions of psychotropic drug users were 59% in the population of people with major NCD and 28% in the reference group. Moreover, there was a substantial number of individuals in nursing homes who had been treated with antipsychotics but who, for unknown reasons, had not been diagnosed with major NCD. Psychotropic drug use was positively associated with both major NCD and nursing home residency. The difference in drug use in relation to major NCD was more pronounced among people living in ordinary homes.ConclusionDespite well‐documented risks in people with cognitive impairment, psychotropic drug use was overall high and positively associated with both major NCD and nursing home residency. Taken together, interventions to better target neuropsychiatric symptoms in older people are warranted. Hypnotic drug use among older people in general as well as antipsychotic drug exposure among older people in nursing homes appear to be two important focus areas.