bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural Networks Push the Limits of Luminescence Lifetime Nanosensing
Authors: Ming Liyan , Zabala‐Gutierrez Irene , Rodríguez‐Sevilla Paloma , Retama Jorge Rubio , Jaque Daniel , Marin Riccardo , Ximendes Erving 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLuminescence lifetime‐based sensing is ideally suited to monitor biological systems due to its minimal invasiveness and remote working principle. Yet, its applicability is limited in conditions of low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) induced by, e.g., short exposure times and presence of opaque tissues. Herein this limitation is overcome by applying a U‐shaped convolutional neural network (U‐NET) to improve luminescence lifetime estimation under conditions of extremely low SNR. Specifically, the prowess of the U‐NET is showcased in the context of luminescence lifetime thermometry, achieving more precise thermal readouts using Ag2S nanothermometers. Compared to traditional analysis methods of decay curve fitting and integration, the U‐NET can extract average lifetimes more precisely and consistently regardless of the SNR value. The improvement achieved in the sensing performance using the U‐NET is demonstrated with two experiments characterized by extreme measurement conditions: thermal monitoring of free‐falling droplets, and monitoring of thermal transients in suspended droplets through an opaque medium. These results broaden the applicability of luminescence lifetime‐based sensing in fields including in vivo experimentation and microfluidics, while, hopefully, spurring further research on the implementation of machine learning (ML) in luminescence sensing.
Additive Manufacturing of Elastomeric Composite Lattices with Thermally Grown Micro‐Architectures for Versatile Applications
Authors: Tang Zhen‐Hua , Xue Shan‐Shan , Li Yuan‐Qing , Huang Pei , Fu Ya‐Qin , Fu Shao‐Yun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMicroengineering of materials plays an important role in achieving multifunctionality and enhancing performance. However, it is still a major challenge to construct secondary micro‐architectures in composite lattices to date. Herein, a novel microengineering strategy of combining additive manufacturing and thermo‐growth processes is proposed to develop elastomeric composite lattices with micro‐architectures throughout the filaments for versatile applications. The new printing inks are composed of elastomeric matrices, closed‐cell microspheres and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). After printing, microspheres “grow” to form secondary micro‐architectures inside by applying thermal treatment. Such thermo‐growth offers a good opportunity to manufacture objects with exceptional and complex micro‐architectures, and few synthetic materials can “grow” like this. Further investigation shows that the obtained microstructured elastomeric composite lattice has an excellent impact energy dissipation capacity by reducing the impact force by 57% owing to the hierarchical energy dissipation mechanisms, and exhibits a distinctively linear electrical response to impact which endows it a self‐sensing capability. In addition, it also shows a good thermal‐insulation performance endowed by mm‐scale pores and µm‐scale hollow spheres, which is comparable to existing composite foams. This study represents an innovative and effective approach for the development of micro‐engineered composite lattices with excellent multifunctional properties for versatile applications.
Moisture‐Insensitive Force Sensor Yarns and Fabrics to Monitor Biological Motion
Authors: Uno Mayumi Otoba , Omori Mariko , Morita Shigeru , Kojitani Tomohiko , Yoshimura Kansei , Tsurumi Takuto , Ito Kenichi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTextile sensors are crucial unobtrusive devices attached to arbitrarily curved surfaces owing to their high flexibility and ease of processing in large areas with complex contours. However, issues regarding the reliability and stability of the output of textile sensors and their practical implementation persist. This study proposes sensor yarns comprising carbon‐coated multifibers covering metallic core yarns to detect pressure and strain. Two electrically independent metallic core fibers are twisted in close proximity in a core‐sheath structure with a sheath yarn of carbon‐coated fibers. When an external force is applied, the covering yarns deform elastically, causing a change in resistance. The proposed sensor yarns can be used to develop customized textile sensors, as they can be woven or knitted at the target positions owing to their flexibility. Fabrics and knits with embedded sensor yarns can detect external forces and biological motions, e.g., respiratory monitoring and finger movements. The proposed sensors can be made sensitive or insensitive to moisture depending on the choice of the covering yarn. Thus, the proposed yarns and textile sensors have potential applications in wearable devices and biological sensors that require high conformability to the human body and curved surfaces.
No yield benefit from starter fertilizer in soybean no‐till planted into rolled‐crimped cereal rye
Authors: Allen Jake , Pelzer Christopher J. , Brockmueller Ben , Silva Erin M. , Ryan Matthew R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNo‐till planting organic soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] into rolled‐crimped cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) can improve soil health while decreasing labor and fuel costs, but yield declines from tillage‐based production hinder wider adoption. In addition to soil moisture depletion, nitrogen (N) tie‐up in cereal rye biomass and cool soil temperatures under mulches may contribute to yield differences by decreasing N availability early in the production system before the onset of biological N fixation. A field experiment was conducted to determine if starter fertilizers could increase early‐season soybean growth and subsequent yields. Over five site‐years in New York and Wisconsin on organically managed land, soybeans were no‐till planted into rolled‐crimped cereal rye and four treatments were applied in a randomized complete block design: feather meal, poultry litter, and sodium nitrate starter fertilizer treatments supplied at 28 kg N·ha−1 and a zero fertilizer control. Early‐season growth, weed biomass, soybean biomass, soybean density, and soybean yield were compared among treatments. The relationships between soybean yield and these other variables were also explored. Some differences among treatments were observed in early‐season growth, but the results were inconsistent and only found in two site‐years. Soybean yield did not differ between the control (2664 kg·ha−1) and any treatment (feather meal: 2760 kg·ha−1, poultry litter: 2812 kg·ha−1, and sodium nitrate: 2769 kg·ha−1), though greater cereal rye biomass and soybean density were associated with higher yield. The results suggest that soybeans in organic cover crop‐based no‐till production do not consistently respond to starter fertilizer.
Impact of dual electronic and conventional cigarette use on diagnosis and surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis: A multicenter study
Authors: Pingree Graham , DeShazo Jonathan , Schuman Theodore 
Published: October 2023

Key points
Dual EC/CC users had a significantly greater risk of CRS or FESS when compared to solo users.
Dual EC/CC users did not have a significantly greater risk of polyposis when compared to solo users.
This effect likely relates to bacterial, immune cell, genetic, and mucociliary alterations.
Entwicklung eines robusten CO2‐reduzierten Betons für das EDGE East Side Berlin
Authors: Krauss Hans‐W. , Dittmar Sebastian , Mazanec Oliver , Schauerte Matthias , Spenner Leopold 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDer vorliegende Beitrag zeigt, mit welchen Methoden und Materialien die erfolgreiche Entwicklung einer maßgeschneiderten baustellentauglichen CO2‐reduzierten Betonrezeptur unter Einsatz lokal verfügbarer Betonausgangsstoffe für das Hochhaus EDGE East Side Berlin gelungen ist. Dabei wird insbesondere auf die Maßnahmen zur Sicherstellung der erforderlichen Frischbetoneigenschaften und Robustheit eingegangen, da diese von entscheidender Bedeutung für den erfolgreichen Betoneinbau im Pumpverfahren unter sommerlichen Bedingungen waren. Maßgeblich zum Erfolg beigetragen haben besondere Qualitätssicherungsmaßnahmen im Vorfeld und während der Baumaßnahme. Dazu gehören Maßnahmen zur Sicherstellung der Pumpfähigkeit (im Labor und im Großmaßstab) sowie eine besondere Methode zur Qualitätssicherung auf Basis von Sensor‐ und KI‐Software‐gestützter Überwachung der Ausbreitmaßentwicklung vom Werk bis zur Baustelle. Abschließend werden die Faktoren, die maßgeblich zum Erfolg bei Entwicklung und Einsatz des sehr anspruchsvollen Betons geführt haben, zusammengefasst und Hinweise für den Umgang mit solchen Betonen in der Praxis gegeben.
Precision oncology: Artificial intelligence, circulating cell‐free DNA, and the minimally invasive detection of pancreatic cancer—A pilot study
Authors: Bahado‐Singh Ray O. , Turkoglu Onur , Aydas Buket , Vishweswaraiah Sangeetha 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPancreatic cancer (PC) is among the most lethal cancers. The lack of effective tools for early detection results in late tumor detection and, consequently, high mortality rate. Precision oncology aims to develop targeted individual treatments based on advanced computational approaches of omics data. Biomarkers, such as global alteration of cytosine (CpG) methylation, can be pivotal for these objectives. In this study, we performed DNA methylation profiling of pancreatic cancer patients using circulating cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) and artificial intelligence (AI) including Deep Learning (DL) for minimally invasive detection to elucidate the epigenetic pathogenesis of PC.MethodsThe Illumina Infinium HD Assay was used for genome‐wide DNA methylation profiling of cfDNA in treatment‐naïve patients. Six AI algorithms were used to determine PC detection accuracy based on cytosine (CpG) methylation markers. Additional strategies for minimizing overfitting were employed. The molecular pathogenesis was interrogated using enrichment analysis.ResultsIn total, we identified 4556 significantly differentially methylated CpGs (q‐value < 0.05; Bonferroni correction) in PC versus controls. Highly accurate PC detection was achieved with all 6 AI platforms (Area under the receiver operator characteristics curve [0.90–1.00]). For example, DL achieved AUC (95% CI): 1.00 (0.95–1.00), with a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. A separate modeling approach based on logistic regression‐based yielded an AUC (95% CI) 1.0 (1.0–1.0) with a sensitivity and specificity of 100% for PC detection. The top four biological pathways that were epigenetically altered in PC and are known to be linked with cancer are discussed.ConclusionUsing a minimally invasive approach, AI, and epigenetic analysis of circulating cfDNA, high predictive accuracy for PC was achieved. From a clinical perspective, our findings suggest that that early detection leading to improved overall survival may be achievable in the future.
Hydrazine Sulfonic Acid, NH3NH(SO3), the Bigger Sibling of Sulfamic Acid
Authors: Rennebaum Tobias , van Gerven David , Sebastian Sean S. , Wickleder Mathias S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe reaction of hydrazine hydrate, N2H4 ⋅ H2O, and SO3 leads to hydrazine sulfonic acid (Pca21, a=849.59(4) pm, b=482.18(2) pm, c=832.17(4) pm). Structure elucidation reveals the zwitter‐anionic nature of the compound according to NH3NH(SO3). With the barium salt Ba[NH2NH(SO3)]2(H2O), a first salt of hydrazine sulfonic acid has been prepared (P
, a=489.75(5) pm, b=737.52(7) pm, c=1317.4(1) pm, α=88.238(4)°, β=84.761(4)°, γ=79.701(4)°). The compounds were characterized by vibrational spectroscopy, DFT calculations and thermal analyses.
Tuning the Optical Properties Through Hydrogen Bond‐assisted H‐aggregate Formation: The ODIN Case
Authors: Bertocchi Francesco , Marchetti Danilo , Doria Sandra , di Donato Mariangela , Sissa Cristina , Gemmi Mauro , Dalcanale Enrico , Pinalli Roberta , Lapini Andrea 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe current work focuses on the investigation of two functionalized naphthyridine derivatives, namely ODIN‐EtPh and ODIN‐But, to gain insights into the hydrogen bond‐assisted H‐aggregate formation and its impact on the optical properties of ODIN molecules. By employing a combination of X‐ray and electron crystallography, absorption and emission spectroscopy, time resolved fluorescence and ultrafast pump‐probe spectroscopy (visible and infrared) we unravel the correlation between the structure and light‐matter response, with a particular emphasis on the influence of the polarity of the surrounding environment. Our experimental results and simulations confirm that in polar and good hydrogen‐bond acceptor solvents (DMSO), the formation of dimers for ODIN derivatives is strongly inhibited. The presence of a phenyl group linked to the ureidic unit favors the folding of ODIN derivatives (forming an intramolecular hydrogen bond) leading to the stabilization of a charge‐transfer excited state which almost completely quenches its fluorescence emission. In solvents with a poor aptitude for forming hydrogen bonds, the formation of dimers is favored and gives rise to H aggregates, with a consequent considerable reduction in the fluorescence emission. The urea‐bound phenyl group furtherly stabilizes the dimers in chloroform.
Almost monotonicity formula for H‐minimal Legendrian surfaces in the Heisenberg group
Authors: Rivière Tristan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe prove an almost monotonicity formula for H‐minimal Legendrian Surfaces (also called contact stationary Legendrian immersions or Hamiltonian stationary immersions) in the Heisenberg Group . From this formula we deduce a Bernstein‐Liouville type theorem for H‐minimal Legendrian Surfaces. We also present some possible range of applications of this formula.
Enhanced Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction Reactivity of S‐ and N‐Doped Fe‐Embedded Graphene
Authors: Hadsadee Sarinya , Roongcharoen Thantip , Takahashi Kaito , Jungsuttiwong Siriporn , Namuangruk Supawadee 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this work, we studied the reaction mechanisms for CO2 reduction reaction (CRR) on the iron‐doped graphene and its coordinating sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) variants, FeNnS4‐n (n=1–4), using density functional theory calculations. Our results revealed that the electronic property and catalytic reactivity of the surfaces can be tuned by varying the N and S atoms ratio. The CRR activities of the mixed surfaces, FeN3S1, FeN2S2, and FeN1S3, were better than FeN4 and FeS4, where the absolute value of the limiting potential of the mixed surface decreased by 0.3 V. Considering the stability, we suggest FeN3S surface to be favorable for CRR. For the bare surfaces, we found a positive linear correlation between the magnetic moment and the charge of Fe metal. For these surfaces, the reduction of CO (*CO+(H++e−)→*CHO) was important in deciding the limiting potential. We found that the adsorption energy of CO displayed a volcano relationship with the magnetic moment of the Fe atom. The study showed that the change of local coordinating structure around the Fe atom could modify the electronic and magnetic properties of the active Fe center and improve the CRR activity performance.
Capturing red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) on camera: A cost‐effective approach for monitoring relative abundance and habitat preference
Authors: Shannon Graeme , Valle Simon , Shuttleworth Craig M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEffective methods for monitoring animal populations are crucial for species conservation and habitat management. Motion‐activated cameras provide an affordable method for passively surveying animal presence across the landscape but have mainly been used for studying large‐bodied mammals. This paper explores the relative abundance and habitat preferences of red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) in coniferous forests using cameras and live trapping. The study was conducted in two forests (Newborough and Pentraeth) on Anglesey, North Wales, with a total of 50 sampling locations across four habitat categories. Detailed woodland structure and composition data were gathered around each sampling location. We found a strong positive correlation between the number of individual red squirrels live trapped over 10 days with the number of camera images of squirrels recorded during a previous 5‐day period. The time interval between camera deployment and the first recorded image of a red squirrel showed a significant negative correlation with the number of individuals live trapped. Red squirrel relative abundance was negatively related to forest canopy openness, while the presence of Scots pine and increased tree species diversity were positively associated with the relative abundance of squirrels. There was also a strong site difference with lower relative abundance at Newborough compared with Pentraeth, which likely reflects the heavy thinning of mature forest at Newborough reducing tree crown connectivity. The results show that remotely activated cameras are an effective method for monitoring red squirrel populations across varying animal densities. The cameras also provided crucial information on red squirrel habitat preferences that can aid in woodland management and conservation efforts. Cameras have great potential to collect data on the population status of other small mammals, but it is essential that these methods are validated on a species‐by‐species basis.
Function and role of bus bar protection relay in distribution substation
Authors: Matsuda Yuki , Inui Takayuki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBus bar of substations are important equipment where multiple facilities are centrally connected, and the impact of a fault is significant. Therefore, bus bar protection relays have unique functions to correctly detect the point of fault, which allows high speed fault elimination and minimization of outage area. This paper describes functions and roles of bus bar protection relays applied in distribution substation of Kansai Transmission and Distribution. After describing the concept of installation of bus bar protection relays, recent trends in device development tailored to the bus bar configurations of substations and the unique functions of bus bar protection relays are introduced. The retrofit methods that are being increasingly applied as a renewal solution for bus bar protection relays are then described, as well as prospects for bus bar protection functions in the future IEC 61850 full‐digital substations.
NaOH alkali‐sunset yellow FCF dye photosensitizer‐ascorbic acid reductant‐Cetrimonium bromide surfactant based photogalvanic cells: Solar power, storage and spectral study
Authors: Koli Pooran , Dheerata  , Meena Anita , Kumar Rajendra , Jonwal Meenakshi , Charan Anamika , Saren Jyoti 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe photogalvanic cell, which works on the photogalvanic effect, has the potential for both solar energy conversation and storage. The dye sensitizer is the main material required for fabrication of these cells as it is a light absorbing agent and also an electroactive‐species at both the electrodes. The dye aggregation and dye toxicity are some of the main hurdles in the fabrication of the good and safe photogalvanic cells. The dye materials so far exploited in the photogalvanics have disadvantages like low‐water solubility and/or toxicity. The Sunset Yellow FCF dye is a food dye having very high solubility in the water (19 g/100 mL). This dye material has not attracted the attention of the photogalvanicists. So, in the present study, the use of very safe and highly water‐soluble Sunset Yellow FCF dye has been planned to fabricate safe and efficient photo galvanic cells. In present study, the observed optimum cell performance is as potential 806 mV, current 5400 μA, power 552.0 μW, and conversion efficiency 11.19%. The spectral study shows that the Sunset Yellow FCF dye material is responsible for absorption of the light by the electrolyte. This dye material shows very high photo‐stability as substantiated from the fact that the height of absorption band at wavelength maxima of electrolyte under pre‐illuminated and post‐illuminated conditions is comparable. Further, the power storage capacity is sufficiently robust as the cell is capable of supplying power at its ~80% capacity after very long time of 24 h.
Adsorption of mercury (II) ions on kaolinite from aqueous solutions: Isothermal, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Altunkaynak Yalçın , Canpolat Mutlu , Yavuz Ömer 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDue to industrial activity, heavy metal contamination is present in water, air, and soil around the world. Due to this circumstance, serious environmental issues arise. Natural kaolin (NK) clay underwent batch processing to remove Hg2+. Scanner electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS), x‐ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) were used to analyze the morphological and chemical characteristics of kaolin. Investigations were done into how adsorption is impacted by contact duration, adsorbent dosage, temperature, and solution pH. Kaolin's BET surface area was found to be 8.085 m2/g, while its pore volume was found to be 0.0537 cm3/g. The best working conditions were found to be pH 6.81 and an equilibrium period of 90 min. It was discovered that the Langmuir isotherm model was the most suitable one. At 298, 308, and 318 K, respectively, the adsorption capacities of NK were calculated to be 10.964, 10.515, and 10.101 mg/g. The pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model agreed with this. It was revealed that NK had a maximum desorption efficiency of 91.36%. Through this process, the potential of NK as an eco‐friendly adsorbent for heavy metal removal was shown.
Evolution characteristics of mid‐channel bars with a typical high/low bank structure in the Middle Yangtze River
Authors: Zhou Meirong , Xia Junqiang , Liu Yuchen , Deng Shanshan , Mao Yu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAdjustments in mid‐channel bars (MCBs) often influence the stability of channel regime and the safety of river navigation in anabranching reaches. This study aims to investigate the evolution characteristics of the low and high parts of MCBs (L‐MCBs and H‐MCBs) in the Middle Yangtze River (MYR) and reveal the main factors influencing the deformation of these two components. Results show that the total exposed area of L‐MCBs decreased from 305 to 288 km2 in 2003–2019, whereas the H‐MCBs remained relatively stable. Taking the Nanyang bar with a typical high/low bank structure as an example, the deformation of the L‐MCB mainly occurred in the head zone, while the deformation of the H‐MCB was characterised by bank retreat in the tail zone and floodplain deposition on the top of the H‐MCB. In terms of influencing factors, the impacts of the altered flow–sediment conditions and the MCB's properties (soil composition and morphology characteristics) on the Nanyang bar deformation were investigated. On the one hand, the reduction in sediment concentration was the most direct factor causing the shrinkage of L‐MCBs, and the decrease in flood occurrence frequency made the deformation of H‐MCB less significant. On the other hand, the soil composition of the L‐MCB primarily consisted of fine sand with weak erosion resistance, while the large content of cohesive sediment made the H‐MCB difficult to be eroded by overbank flows; moreover, the riverbank of the H‐MCB in the bar‐tail zone was much steeper than that in the bar‐head zone, causing the deformation of the high part to mainly occur in the tail zone. Furthermore, the deformation of the high part was simulated using a bank erosion model at section scale, and the calculated safety factors of riverbank at a typical cross‐section show that the riverbank of the H‐MCB was the most unstable during the receding period.