bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the More Complex Wavelength Dependency of Airy Isostasy in Icy Shells of Ocean Worlds
Authors: Tucker Wesley S. , Dombard Andrew J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe topography of ocean worlds is often used to infer ice shell thicknesses by assuming topography is compensated by a basal root. We systematically test the stability of isostatically compensated topography in ice shells. At short horizontal wavelengths, lithospheric strength can support surface topography, while at long wavelengths, buoyancy forces can support topography at the surface and base of the ice shell over geologic time scales. These behaviors are also seen for Airy isostasy in terrestrial worlds. Contrastingly at intermediate scales, the mechanically weak lower ice shell can inhibit the transfer of buoyancy forces to the surface. Factors such as surface temperature can alter the contribution of lithospheric strength, decreasing the stability of a compensating root. This nuanced understanding of icy shell lithospheres provides crucial insights for interpreting surface features and inferring underlying ice shell thickness, with substantial relevance for upcoming space missions to the Jovian system.
Explicit Representation of Orographic Anisotropy for All Directions Improves Nanling Mountain Rainfall Simulation
Authors: Xie Jinbo , Zhang Minghua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractClimate models exhibit significant rainfall bias in mountainous regions. One reason is the insufficient representation of orographic anisotropy in these models. In this study, we implement the orographic drag scheme with 3‐D orographic anisotropy (all flow directions (AFD)) into a general circulation model and investigate its impact on Nanling rainfall simulation where models have systematic dry bias in the summer. It is shown that the AFD alleviated the Nanling mountain rainfall bias by over 60%. This is through an anomalous “lower‐convergence‐higher‐divergence” deceleration pattern of the flow windward of the Nanling Mountains that enhanced vertical motion and low‐level moisture convergence. The results suggest the importance of explicit orographic anisotropy representation in rainfall simulation in mountainous regions.
Pore Pressure in Montmorillonite During Frictional Sliding
Authors: Chu Chaw‐Long , Wang Chi‐Yuen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEarth's shallow crust is pervasively breached by fractures and faults that are often filled with saturated clays such as montmorillonite. Pore pressure in montmorillonite is difficult to measure due to its extremely low permeability, resulting in large uncertainties in its friction, which, in turn, may impact our understanding on the mechanical behaviors of the shallow crust. This difficulty motivates us to investigate pore pressure in montmorillonite during frictional sliding. Here we provide a first order understanding on the evolution of pore pressure in montmorillonite during frictional sliding by combining experimental data with an analytical consolidation model. Our result shows large variations in pore pressure in montmorillonite during frictional sliding, which need correction for the evaluation of friction of montmorillonite. We re‐visit this problem with the measured stresses at the end of our slow loading experiments where the modeled pore pressure approaches zero and obtain a new relation that shows a significant cohesive strength. The new relation may be united with our modeled pore pressure with a Biot‐Willis effective stress coefficient of α ∼ 0.5. X‐ray powder diffraction analysis of our samples shows evidence that intense deformation occurred during the frictional sliding with strain‐hardening, consistent with the occurrence of shear localization in the clay matrix following extended frictional sliding (Tembe et al., 2010, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JB006383). These results suggest that our new relation may represent a constitutive relation for an intensely sheared, saturated montmorillonite in frictional sliding. Our result also suggests that substantial cohesion may appear on some natural clay‐rich faults.
Edge mode percolation and equilibration in the topological insulator cadmium arsenide
Authors: Munyan Simon , Guo Binghao , Huynh William , Huang Victor , Stemmer Susanne 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTwo-dimensional topological insulators can feature one-dimensional charge transport via edge modes, which offer a rich ground for studying exotic quasi-particles and for quantum materials applications. In this work, we use lateral junction devices, defined by nanoscale finger gates, to study edge mode transport in the two-dimensional topological insulator Cd3As2. The finger gate can be tuned to transmit an integer number of quantum Hall edge modes and exhibits full equilibration in the bipolar regime. When the Fermi level of the channel crosses a Landau level, reflected modes percolate through the channel, resulting in an anomalous conductance peak. The device does not fully pinch off when the channel is tuned into the topological gap, which is a sign of remnant modes in the channel. These modes are expected from band inversion, while residual bulk conduction associated with the disorder potential may also play a role.
BA.5 bivalent booster vaccination enhances neutralization of XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16 and XBB.1.9 variants in patients with lung cancer
Authors: Valanparambil Rajesh M. , Lai Lilin , Johns Margaret A. , Davis-Gardner Meredith , Linderman Susanne L. , McPherson Tarrant Oliver , Chang Andres , Akhtar Akil , Gamarra Estefany L. Bocangel , Matia Hayley , McCook-Veal Ashley A. , Switchenko Jeffrey , Nasti Tahseen H. , Green Felicia , Saini Manpreet , Wieland Andreas , Pinsky Benjamin A. , Solis Daniel , Dhodapkar Madhav V. , Carlisle Jennifer , Ramalingam Suresh , Ahmed Rafi , Suthar Mehul S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study reports that most patients with NSCLC had a significant increase in the nAb response to the currently circulating Omicron variants after bivalent booster vaccination and had Ab titers comparable to healthy participants. Interestingly, though the durability of the nAb response persisted in most of the healthy participants, patients with NSCLC had significantly reduced nAb titers after 4–6 months of vaccination. Our data highlight the importance of COVID-19 bivalent booster vaccination as the standard of care for patients with NSCLC given the evolution of new variants of concern.
Respiratory syncytial virus in pediatric patients with severe acute respiratory infections in Senegal: findings from the 2022 sentinel surveillance season
Authors: Jallow Mamadou Malado , Diagne Moussa Moise , Sagne Samba Niang , Tall Fatime , Diouf Jean Baptisse Niokhor , Boiro Djibril , Mendy Marie Pedapa , Ndiaye Ndiendé Koba , Kiori Davy , Sy Sara , Goudiaby Déborah , Loucoubar Cheikh , Fall Gamou , Barry Mamadou Aliou , Dia Ndongo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn 2022, many regions around the world experienced a severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemic with an earlier-than-usual start and increased numbers of paediatric patients in emergency departments. Here we carried out this study to describe the epidemiology and genetic characteristics of RSV infection in patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory infections in 2022. Samples were tested for RSV by multiplex real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Subsequently, a subset of RSV positive samples was selected for NGS sequencing. RSV was detected in 16.04%, among which RSV-A was confirmed in 7.5% and RSV-B in 76.7%. RSV infection were more identified in infants aged ≤ 11 months (83.3%) and a shift in the circulation pattern was observed, with highest incidences between September–November. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that all RSV-A strains belonged to GA2.3.5 genotype and all RSV-B strains to GB5.0.5a genotype. Three putative N-glycosylation sites at amino acid positions 103, 135, 237 were predicted among RSV-A strains, while four N-linked glycosylation sites at positions 81, 86, 231 and 294 were identified in RSV-B strains. Globally, our findings reveal an exclusive co-circulation of two genetic lineages of RSV within the pediatric population in Senegal, especially in infants aged ≤ 11 months.
The effect of leucocytosis on retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Sun Zhihong , He Lu , Zhao Congcong , Zhang Hongbo , Cheng Ping , Wang Yingying , Li Mingchao , Yu Zengyuan , Sun Huiqing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPostnatal leukocytosis reflects the general condition of inflammatory. Infection and inflammatory reaction have been proven to affect the occurrence of ROP and other visual dysfunction. Infants with a gestational age of < 28 weeks who were less than three days of age and admitted to the hospital between September 2015 and March 2021 were included in the study. Infants with a white blood cell (WBC) count ≥ 30 × 109/L were assigned to the leucocytosis group (n = 82). Gestational age- and weight-matched infants without leucocytosis were included as a control group (n = 85). The incidence and prognosis of ROP in preterm infants were compared between the groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyse the correlation between the WBC count and severe ROP. Compared to the infants in the control group, those in the leucocytosis group had lower 1-min Apgar scores (p < 0.001); higher C-reactive protein (p < 0.001) and procalcitonin (p < 0.001); and higher incidences of intracranial haemorrhage (p = 0.007), leukomalacia (p = 0.045), sepsis (p = 0.006), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (p = 0.017). The maternal age was higher in the leucocytosis group (p < 0.001). After adjusting for gestational age at 45 weeks, the incidence of severe ROP (p = 0.001) and the requirement for ranibizumab injections (p = 0.004) were higher in the leucocytosis group. The cut-off WBC count was determined to be 19.1 × 109/L, with a sensitivity of 88.6%, a specificity of 77.3%, and an area under the curve of 0.941 (95% confidence interval: 0.904–0.978) for the detection of severe ROP. Leucocytosis may be associated with severe ROP in premature infants.
Circulating thyroid hormones and clinical parameters of heart failure in men
Authors: Turić Iva , Velat Ivan , Bušić Željko , Čulić Viktor 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHeart failure (HF) is a multiple hormonal deficiency syndrome which includes alterations in the serum concentration of thyroid hormones (TH). This cross-sectional study enrolled 215 male patients hospitalised for acute HF. Data on cardiovascular risk factors, chronic medications, cardiac function assessed by echocardiography, and clinical parameters of HF were prospectively collected. The independent predictive association of TH with all investigated parameters of the HF severity were assessed. The patient’s mean age was 74.4 years, 57.2% had arterial hypertension, 54.0% were consuming alcohol, and 42.3% were diabetics. Multivariate analysis revealed that total triiodothyronine (TT3) was an independent predictor of greater left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF; β = 0.223, p = 0.008), less progressed left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD; β = − 0.271, p = 0.001) and lower N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP; β = − 0.365, p < 0.001). None of the TH other than TT3 was associated with LVDD or NT-proBNP, whereas free triiodothyronine (β = − 0.197, p = 0.004), free thyroxine (β = − 0.223, p = 0.001) and total thyroxine (β = − 0.140, p = 0.041) were inversely associated with LVEF. The present study suggests that, among TH, serum TT3 level is most closely associated with echocardiographic, laboratory and clinical parameters of the severity of HF in men.
Treatment of recalcitrant femur nonunion with pedicled corticoperiosteal medial femoral condyle flap
Authors: Özdemir Ali , Odabaşı Egemen , Eravsar Ebubekir , Safalı Selim , Acar Mehmet Ali 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPeriosteal or osteoperiosteal medial femoral condyle (MFC) flaps may be good options for atrophic nonunion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of pedicled MFC flap in the treatment of recalcitrant femur nonunion without bone defect. Thirteen patients (11 male and 2 female), who suffered recalcitrant femur nonunion and were treated with pedicled osteoperiosteal MFC flap between January 2014 and April 2018, were included in this study. Patient files were reviewed retrospectively. Atrophic or recalcitrant 2/3 distal femoral nonunion were the indications for this clinical procedure. Demographics and operative data, flap size, visual analog scale (VAS) score, time to union, and complications were evaluated. A total of 13 patients underwent femur nonunion treatment with MFC flap after an average of 3.4 previous surgical procedures. The median age was 34 (Q1: 32.5, Q3:43) years old. The mean flap size was 4.3 × 6.4 cm, all nonunions healed in a median 5 months (Q1: 4.5, Q3: 6). There were an intraoperative knee medial collateral ligament injury in a patient, hematoma in a patient, and seroma in two patients. The median length of the follow-up was 40 months (Q1: 30, Q3: 47). There wasn’t any additional complication in long-term follow-up. Functional outcomes were satisfactory. The median preoperative VAS score was 7 (Q1: 6, Q3: 9.5), decreasing to 1 (Q1: 0, Q3: 1) at the 6-month follow-up, and further reducing to 0 (Q1: 0, Q3: 1) at the 24-month follow-up. The nonunion period ranged from 6 to 18 months. The pedicled MFC flap is a good option for recalcitrant femur nonunion where larger vascularized flaps are not warranted. It is easy to harvest, does not require microvascular anastomosis, is effective, and offers minimal donor site morbidity.
Exploration of the molecular mechanism of intercellular communication in paediatric neuroblastoma by single-cell sequencing
Authors: Chu Jing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNeuroblastoma (NB) is an embryonic tumour that originates in the sympathetic nervous system and occurs most often in infants and children under 2 years of age. Moreover, it is the most common extracranial solid tumour in children. Increasing studies suggest that intercellular communication within the tumour microenvironment is closely related to tumour development. This study aimed to construct a prognosis-related intercellular communication-associated genes model by single-cell sequencing and transcriptome sequencing to predict the prognosis of patients with NB for precise management. Single-cell data from patients with NB were downloaded from the gene expression omnibus database for comprehensive analysis. Furthermore, prognosis-related genes were screened in the TARGET database based on epithelial cell marker genes through a combination of Cox regression and Lasso regression analyses, using GSE62564 and GSE85047 for external validation. The patients’ risk scores were calculated, followed by immune infiltration analysis, drug sensitivity analysis, and enrichment analysis of risk scores, which were conducted for the prognostic model. I used the Lasso regression feature selection algorithm to screen characteristic genes in NB and developed a 21-gene prognostic model. The risk scores were highly correlated with multiple immune cells and common anti-tumour drugs. Furthermore, the risk score was identified as an independent prognostic factor for NB. In this study, I constructed and validated a prognostic signature based on epithelial marker genes, which may provide useful information on the development and prognosis of NB.
Temporal patterns of gene expression in response to inoculation with a virulent Anaplasma phagocytophilum strain in sheep
Authors: Eskeland Sveinung , Bø-Granquist Erik G. , Stuen Snorre , Lybeck Kari , Wilhelmsson Peter , Lindgren Per-Eric , Makvandi-Nejad Shokouh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to characterize the gene expression of host immune- and cellular responses to a Norwegian virulent strain of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the cause of tick-borne fever in sheep. Ten sheep were intravenously inoculated with a live virulent strain of A. phagocytophilum. Clinical-, observational-, hematological data as well as bacterial load, flow cytometric cell count data from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and host’s gene expression post infection was analysed. The transcriptomic data were assessed for pre-set time points over the course of 22 days following the inoculation. Briefly, all inoculated sheep responded with clinical signs of infection 3 days post inoculation and onwards with maximum bacterial load observed on day 6, consistent with tick-borne fever. On days, 3–8, the innate immune responses and effector processes such as IFN1 signaling pathways and cytokine mediated signaling pathways were observed. Several pathways associated with the adaptive immune responses, namely T-cell activation, humoral immune responses, B-cell activation, and T- and B-cell differentiation dominated on the days of 8, 10 and 14. Flow-cytometric analysis of the PBMCs showed a reduction in CD4+CD25+ cells on day 10 and 14 post-inoculation and a skewed CD4:CD8 ratio indicating a reduced activation and proliferation of CD4-T-cells. The genes of important co-stimulatory molecules such as CD28 and CD40LG, important in T- and B-cell activation and proliferation, did not significantly change or experienced downregulation throughout the study. The absence of upregulation of several co-stimulatory molecules might be one possible explanation for the low activation and proliferation of CD4-T-cells during A. phagocytophilum infection, indicating a suboptimal CD4-T-cell response. The upregulation of T-BET, EOMES and IFN-γ on days 8–14 post inoculation, indicates a favoured CD4 Th1- and CD8-response. The dynamics and interaction between CD4+CD25+ and co-stimulatory molecules such as CD28, CD80, CD40 and CD40LG during infection with A. phagocytophilum in sheep needs further investigation in the future.
All-passive microwave-diode nonreciprocal metasurface
Authors: Yang Xiaozhen , Wen Erda , Sievenpiper Daniel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBreaking reciprocity in the microwave frequency range is strongly desirable in the development of modern electronic systems, as it enables nonreciprocal wave absorbing, nonreciprocal beam steering, frequency conversion, and protection of sensitive devices from high energy sources. However, the typical approaches involve bulky biasing magnets or complex spatial-temporal modulations. As such, resorting to lightweight and all-passive platforms would result in optimal configurations and efficient integration. Starting from a circuit model, we theoretically demonstrate the nonreciprocal behavior on a transmission line building block creating a strong field asymmetry with a switchable matching stub to enable two distinct working states. After translating to an electromagnetic model, this concept is first proved by simulation and then experimentally verified on a microstrip-line-based diode-integrated metasurface showing nonreciprocal transmission. This printed circuit board design is expected to find various applications in electromagnetic protecting layers, communication systems, microwave isolators and circulators.
Psychische Aspekte des Arzneimittelbilds von Mandragora
officinarum
Authors: Koch Ulrich 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Verhältnis zu ihrer kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung als eine der
wichtigsten Heil- und Mysterienpflanzen seit dem Altertum ist Mandragora in der
Homöopathie völlig unterrepräsentiert. Die meisten
Prüfungen wurden mit Tiefpotenzen durchgeführt und ergaben
primär körperliche Symptome. Um ein deutlicheres Bild der
psychischen Verfassung von Mandragora zu erhalten, werden
Prüfungssymptome zusammengetragen und durch homöopathische
Arzneimittelselbstversuche und Fallgeschichten ergänzt.
Hygienestandards im OP – führen sie nachhaltig zur Verbesserung der Qualität?
Authors: Holz Mathias , Lippross Sebastian , Seekamp Andreas 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Nosokomiale Infektionen und postoperative
Wundinfektionen sind in Deutschland eine für das Gesundheitssystem und die betroffenen
Patientinnen und Patienten erhebliche Belastung. Eine postoperative Wundinfektion geht oft mit
einer massiven Verschlechterung der Qualität des Behandlungserfolges chirurgischer Maßnahmen
bez. der Patientenbelastung, der funktionellen Ergebnisse und der Wirtschaftlichkeit einer
Behandlung für den Leistungserbringer einher. Ziel dieses Beitrages ist es, die aktuellen
Hygienevorgaben für das perioperative Setting verständlich darzustellen und für alle am
Operationsablauf Beteiligten zu erläutern.
Methode Erläutert wird zunächst die Bedeutung hygienischer
Maßnahmen sowie in einer kurzen Übersicht die Entwicklung bis hin zu modernen Hygienekonzepten
der heutigen Zeit. Anschließend werden die aktuellen Empfehlungen der KRINKO (Kommission für
Krankenhaushygiene und Infektionsprävention beim Robert Koch-Institut): „Prävention
postoperativer Wundinfektionen, Empfehlung der Kommission für Krankenhaushygiene und
Infektionsprävention (KRINKO) beim Robert Koch-Institut“ dargestellt.
Schlussfolgerung Hygienisches Arbeiten ist eine
Grundvoraussetzung der Arbeit im operativen Bereich, denn überzeugende Behandlungsergebnisse
mit guten funktionellen Ergebnissen können in vielen Bereichen (z. B. moderne Endoprothetik)
ohne eine suffiziente Hygiene überhaupt nicht erzielt werden. Die modernen Vorgaben zum
hygienischen Arbeiten sind komplex und betreffen alle Bereiche des Krankenhauses. Nur unter
Beachtung aller Säulen der modernen Hygienekonzepte kann das bestmögliche Maß an
Prozessqualität gewährleistet werden.
Long Term Follow-Up Of Patients With Nonrefluxing
Hydronephrosis
Authors: Yılmaz Songül , Özçakar Zeynep Birsin , Cakar Nilgun , Biral Coşkun Burcu , Burgu Berk , Yalcinkaya Fatoş 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Backgound The aim of this study is to examine the long-term prognosis of
children with ureteropelvic junction obstruction-like hydronephrosis (UPJO-like
HN).
Patients and Methods The files of children with hydronephrosis (HN) were
analyzed retrospectively. Patients with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and other
genitourinary anomalies were excluded. The final status of the HN, the need for
surgery, and urinary tract infection (UTI) frequency were evaluated.
Results The study included 219 patients with 302 renal units (RU) with HN.
Surgery rate was higher in RUs with larger kidney size and parenchymal thinning
(p:<0.001 for both). Hydronephrosis resolved in 113 (40.2%) RUs,
improved in 66 (23.3%), unchanged in 100 (35.5%) and worsened in
4 (1.4%). The frequency of recovery and improvement was found to be less
in RUs with severe HN, large kidney size, and thin parenchyma. The UTI frequency
was higher in severe HN group (12.2% vs 30.6%
p:<0.001).
Conclusions Children with mild HN had an excellent prognosis. Although the
majority of the patients with high-grade HN had also a good prognosis, it seems
important to closely follow up patients with severe HN, increased kidney size,
and accompanying parenchymal thinning. Clinicians should be aware of the
increased frequency of UTIs in children with severe HN.
Asymmetric Cu(I)-Catalyzed Conjugate Borylation of α,β-Unsaturated Acyl Silanes
Authors: Rousseaux Sophie A. L. , Palermo Anthony F. , Imbriaco Bianca , Chan Samantha C. , Doan Brian A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe report the development of a Cu(I)-catalyzed conjugate borylation of α,β-unsaturated acyl silanes using bis(pinacoloto)diboron. Racemic borylations of β-aryl- and β-alkyl-substituted silyl enones were achieved using ligand-free conditions to access β-borylated acyl silanes in up to 97% yield. Josiphos enabled the synthesis of enantioenriched boronic esters in up to 58% yield and 94% ee. The racemic reaction was demonstrated on 5.0 mmol scale and isolation of the boronic esters was achieved using simple filtration and normal-phase chromatography. This work supplements known methods to access boronic esters from electron-deficient olefins using Cu(I) catalysis.