bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flow cytometric enrichment for respiratory epithelial cells in sputum
Authors: Kraemer Petra S. , Sanchez Carissa A. , Goodman Gary E. , Jett James , Rabinovitch Peter S. , Reid Brian J. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBackgroundInduced sputum, in contrast to bronchoscopic biopsies and lavages, is an easily obtained source of biological specimens. However, obtaining abnormal exfoliated cells for detailed molecular studies is limited because respiratory epithelial cells comprise only about 1% of sputum cell populations.MethodsWe developed a multiparameter flow sorting strategy to purify epithelial cells from nonepithelial sputum cells, using anti‐cytokeratin antibody AE1/AE3 to recognize human epithelial cells and DAPI to stain DNA. We excluded cells with a high degree of side‐scatter, which were composed predominantly of squamous cells and contaminating macrophages. The remaining cytokeratin‐positive respiratory epithelial cells were then sorted based on anti‐cytokeratin (PE) vs DNA (DAPI) parameters.ResultsIn this proof of principle study, the AE1AE3 cytokeratin/DNA flow sorting strategy enriched rare diploid respiratory epithelial cells from an average of 1.1% of cells in unsorted induced sputum samples to average purities of 42%. Thus, AE1AE3 flow‐sorting results in a 38‐fold enrichment of these cells.ConclusionsWe report a multiparameter flow cytometric assay to detect and enrich rare respiratory epithelial cells from induced sputum samples to average purities of 42%. With further development, this methodology may be useful as part of a molecular screening approach of populations at high risk for lung cancer. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development and validation method for determination of Paroxetine and its metabolites by nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis in human urine. Experimental design for evaluating the ruggedness of the method (vol. 25, issue 3, pp. 454‐462)
Authors: Rodríguez Flores Juana , Barzas Nevado Juan J. , Contento Salcedo Ana M. , Cabello Díaz Maria P. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractNo abstracts.See original http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.200305686
Enantioselective gas chromatographic analysis of monoterpenes in essential oils of the family Myrtaceae
Authors: Shellie Robert , Mondello Luigi , Dugo Giovanni , Marriott Philip 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe elution proﬁles of several essential oils of the Myrtaceae family were acquired using a single enantioselective stationary phase column. These chromatograms were compared with those obtained by using a two‐column coupled system, which comprised a low‐polarity stationary phase column connected to the terminal end of the enantioselective column. The enantiomeric distributions of β‐pinene, sabinene, α‐phellandrene, limonene, trans‐ and cis‐sabinene hydrate, linalool, terpinen‐4‐ol and α‐terpineol were determined. The use of a two‐column coupled system is demonstrated to be useful for improving the resolution of target (chiral) compounds from otherwise interfering matrix components. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pressure correction methods based on Krylov subspace conception for solving incompressible Navier–Stokes problems
Authors: Liu Weiming , Ashworth Mike , Emerson David 
Published: May 2004

AbstractPressure correction concept is widely used to solve incompressible Navier–Stokes problems numerically. Based on Krylov subspace methods, we introduce several new pressure correction algorithms. Compared with the traditional pressure correction methods, they do not need to solve the pressure Poisson equation, which appears to reduce the computational cost. The preconditioning technique links the pressure correction methods based on Krylov iterations and with the pressure Poisson equation. In order to investigate the convergence performance of the new methods, we carried out various numerical experiments. Moreover we also discuss some ways on computational cost. Finally, these pressure correction methods are applied to solve the three‐dimensional lid‐driven cavity flows. © Crown Copyright 2004. Reproduced with permission of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evidence of octacalcium phosphate and Type‐B carbonated apatites deposited on the surface of explanted acrylic hydrogel intraocular lens
Authors: Lin Shan‐Yang , Chen Ko‐Hua , Li May‐Jane , Cheng Wen‐Ting , Wang Shun‐Li 
Published: May 2004

AbstractFourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy combining with attenuated total reflection (ATR) microsampling technique and micro‐Raman spectrophotometer were used to detect the deposited materials on the surface of acrylic hydrogel intraocular lens (IOL) with or without ocular implantation. Surface morphology and the interface of this IOL were further examined by a confocal laser scanning microscope. The brand‐new IOL exhibited a very smooth, transparent and featureless surface, but the explanted IOL had an irregular cerebriform‐like opaque appearance. Both FTIR/ATR and Raman microspectroscopic analyses showed the deposits on the surface of acrylic hydrogel IOL after ocular implantation to consist of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and Type B carbonated apatites, leading to the opalescence of acrylic hydrogel IOL. Both vibrational microspectroscopic examinations also confirmed the mineralization still in progress on the surface of acrylic hydrogel IOL after ocular implantation for 2 years. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 70B: 203–208, 2004
Resistance to TGF‐β‐induced apoptosis in regenerating hepatocytes
Authors: Herrera Blanca , Álvarez Alberto M. , Beltrán Jesús , Valdés Francisco , Fabregat Isabel , Fernández Margarita 
Published: May 2004

AbstractTreatment with transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) of hepatocytes from two different proliferative conditions, such as fetal development and adult liver regeneration, shows that regenerating cells respond to this cytokine in terms of growth inhibition, but are less sensitive than the fetal ones to the apoptosis induced by this factor. Regenerating TGF‐β treated cells show higher cell viability and lower percentage of apoptotic cells than the fetal treated ones. Furthermore, TGF‐β treated regenerating hepatocytes maintain a well‐preserved parenchyma‐like organization. Treatment with TGF‐β induces the loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential in fetal but not in regenerating hepatocytes and activation of caspase‐3 is lower in regenerating than in fetal cells. Regenerating hepatocytes show higher intracellular levels of some antiapoptotic proteins, such as Bcl‐xL and c‐IAP‐1 and, interestingly, they present higher intracellular glutathione levels, which might provide of mechanisms to avoid potential dangerous effects of the oxidative stress‐mediated apoptosis induced by TGF‐β. In fact, treatment with BSO (a glutathione synthesis inhibitor) restores the response of regenerating hepatocytes to TGF‐β in terms of cell death. In conclusion, increased levels of Bcl‐xL and cIAP‐1 and higher intracellular glutathione levels could confer resistance to the apoptosis induced by TGF‐β during liver regeneration. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Histone deacetylase inhibition‐mediated post‐translational elevation of p27KIP1 protein levels is required for G1 arrest in fibroblasts
Authors: Chen James S. , Faller Douglas V. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractButyrate, a non‐toxic short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) and inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), has potential as an anti‐tumor agent because it imposes a reversible G1 block in normal cells yet induces apoptosis in tumor lines. As a potent reactivator of fetal globin transcription, butyrate is used clinically in the treatment of hemoglobinopathies. The anti‐proliferative effect of butyrate and its derivatives on in vivo erythroid cell maturation, however, has limited their utility. The molecular mechanisms underlying the G1 arrest induced by butyrate and related SCFAs remain unclear. One model, drawing on tumor cell data, proposes that HDAC inhibition and subsequent transcriptional induction of cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) p21CIP are required. However, because of potentially confounding genetic mutations present in tumor models, we examined SCFA effects on CKIs in a non‐transformed growth control model. Using murine 3T3 fibroblasts, we find p27KIP1 is also strongly induced. Unlike previously described effects of butyrate and HDAC inhibition on p21CIP, p27KIP1 induction did not occur at the transcriptional level; instead, the stability of the p27KIP1 protein increased. Other structurally unrelated HDAC inhibitors, including trichostatin A (TSA), induced p27KIP1 similarly. p27KIP1 was found in cyclin E/Cdk2 complexes, concomitant with suppression of cdk2 activity. Elevation of p27KIP1 is required for the observed G1 blockade, as p27KIP1‐deficient fibroblasts were resistant to HDAC inhibition‐induced arrest. These data suggest a novel activity for HDAC inhibitors and demonstrate a critical role for p27KIP1 in mediating G1 arrest in response to these drugs. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gene therapy clinical trials worldwide 1989–2004—an overview
Authors: Edelstein Michael L. , Abedi Mohammad R. , Wixon Jo , Edelstein Richard M. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn 1989, Rosenberg et al. performed the first human gene therapy trial when they used a retrovirus to introduce the gene coding for resistance to neomycin into human tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes before infusing them into five patients with advanced melanoma. This study demonstrated the feasibility of using retroviral gene transduction in humans and set the stage for further studies. Since then, over 900 clinical trials have been completed, are ongoing or have been approved worldwide. These trials have been designed to establish feasibility and safety, to demonstrate the reality of expression of therapeutic protein(s) in vivo by the genes transferred and, in some cases, to show therapeutic benefit.There is no single source of information that presents an overview of all the clinical trials undertaken worldwide. In 1997 we set up a database to bring all the information on clinical trials together as comprehensively and as globally as possible. The data were compiled and are regularly updated from official agency sources, the published literature, presentations at conferences and from information kindly provided by investigators or trial sponsors themselves. As of January 31, 2004, we have identified 918 trials in 24 countries. The USA accounts for two‐thirds of these trials. Cancer is by far the most common disease indication, followed by inherited monogenic diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Viral vectors have been the most frequently used vehicles for transferring genes into human cells, with retroviruses and adenoviruses representing the vast majority. Plasmid (naked) DNA and other non‐viral vectors have been used in one‐quarter of the trials. Over 100 distinct genes have been transferred. This article aims to provide a descriptive overview of the clinical trials that, to the best of our knowledge, have been or are being performed worldwide. Details of the data presented, including an interactive, searchable database that currently holds information on 918 trials, can be found on The Journal of Gene Medicine clinical trials website 1. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contralateral axillary sentinel lymph node drainage in breast cancer: A case report
Authors: Barranger Emmanuel , Montravers Françoise , Kerrou Khaldoun , Marpeau Olivier , Raileanu Irena , Antoine Martine , Noel Talbot Jean , Uzan Serge 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBackgroundSince the introduction of sentinel node (SN) mapping in breast cancer, extra‐axillary lymph node sites of breast tumor drainage are discovered in about one‐quarter of cases, especially after intraparenchymal injection. In most such cases, an ipsilateral axillary SN is associated with an extra‐axillary SN. Non visualization of ipsilateral axillary SN and extra‐axillary SN drainage are often associated with an increased risk of axillary involvement.CaseWe report a case of contralateral axillary SN drainage on lymphoscintigraphy in a breast cancer patient with a history of bilateral reduction mammoplasty and no ipsilateral axillary lymph node involvement. J. Surg. Oncol. 2004;86:167–169. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lack of mutations in the epsilon‐sarcoglycan gene in patients with different subtypes of primary dystonias
Authors: Grundmann Kathrin , Laubis‐Herrmann Ulrike , Dressler Dirk , Vollmer‐Haase Juliane , Bauer Peter , Stuhrmann Manfred , Schulte Thorsten , Schöls Ludger , Topka Helge , Riess Olaf 
Published: May 2004

AbstractPrimary dystonias represent a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of movement disorders. Mutations in the ϵ‐sarcoglycan (SGCE) gene have been found recently to cause myoclonus–dystonia (MD). Considerable clinical variation of SGCE mutation carriers leads to the hypothesis that mutations in the SGCE gene might also be relevant for other subtypes of dystonias. To determine the contribution of mutations in the SGCE gene in patients with different subtypes of dystonias, we analyzed the coding sequence of the SGCE gene in a group of 296 patients with a clinical phenotype of primary dystonia and in 2 patients with a clinical phenotype of myoclonus–dystonia. Patients with mutations in the DYT1 gene were excluded. We could not detect a mutation in the SGCE gene in any of the 298 patients. Our results suggest that mutations in the SGCE gene cannot be held responsible for other subtypes of primary dystonia. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society
Dystonia in the Mohr–Tranebjaerg syndrome responds to GABAergic substances
Authors: Kreisel Stefan H. , Binder Johannes , Wöhrle Johannes C. , Krauss Joachim K. , Hofmann Sabine , Bauer Matthias F. , Hennerici Michael G. , Bäzner Hansjörg 
Published: May 2004

AbstractMutations in the X‐linked deafness–dystonia peptide 1 (DDP1) gene cause Mohr–Tranebjaerg syndrome (MTS), a rare form of deafness associated with dystonia. In the patient presented here, improvement of dystonic symptoms upon treatment with alcohol and GABAergic substances is demonstrated for the first time. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society
Clinical and genetic description of a family with Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1B from a transmembrane MPZ mutation
Authors: Eggers Scott D. Z. , Keswani Sanjay C. , Melli Giorgia , Cornblath David R. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractMutations in the myelin protein zero gene (MPZ) are associated with certain demyelinating neuropathies, and in particular with Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1B (CMT1B), Dejerine–Sottas syndrome, and congenital hypomyelination. MPZ mutations affecting the protein's transmembrane domain are generally associated with more severe phenotypes. We describe a family with mild CMT1B associated with a transmembrane MPZ mutation. Sequence analysis identified a G‐to‐C transversion at nucleotide 1064, predicting a glycine‐to‐arginine substitution in codon 163 (G163R) of MPZ. This report furthers the understanding of the clinical and electrophysiological manifestations of MPZ mutations. Muscle Nerve 29: 867–869, 2004
Cutaneous silent period in hand muscle is evoked by laser stimulation of the palm, but not the hand dorsum
Authors: Romaniello A. , Truini A. , Galeotti F. , De Lena C. , Willer J. C. , Cruccu G. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractPainful electrical stimulation of the fingers evokes an inhibitory response in hand muscles (cutaneous silent period, CSP). The aim of this study was to determine whether purely nociceptive thermal stimuli applied to the hand evoke a CSP. High‐intensity laser pulses (205 ± 44 mJ) were delivered to the dorsum and palm of the hand in five volunteers. Electromyographic signals were recorded from the ipsilateral first dorsal interosseous muscle. We then compared the laser‐evoked CSP with the CSP induced by electrical stimulation. A clear laser CSP (latency 90 ± 7 ms) was evoked in all subjects when laser pulses were applied to the palm of the hand, whereas no response was recorded after stimulation of the dorsum. Electrical stimulation of both the dorsum and the palm evoked a CSP (latency 65 ± 5 ms), although the reflex threshold was significantly lower after stimulation of the palm. This study confirms that the CSP is a nociceptive response specific to limbs that grasp. In humans, palm nociceptors are probably more functionally effective than dorsal nociceptors in inducing the hand‐muscle inhibition that interrupts hand prehension (so that a potentially noxious source is dropped) before proximal muscles withdraw the limb. Muscle Nerve 29: 870–872, 2004
Detection of regional changes in protein levels in the in vivo canine model of acute heart failure following ischemia‐reperfusion injury: Functional proteomics studies
Authors: Sawicki Grzegorz , Jugdutt Bodh I. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn this study, we demonstrate the use of proteomics to detect regional differences in protein levels between the reperfused ischemic zone (IZ) and the nonischemic zone (NIZ) of dog hearts which were subjected to in vivo ischemia‐reperfusion injury. Using the two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis (2‐DE) technique, we identified five proteins that were differentially expressed in the IZ versus NIZ: (1) the α subunit of ATP synthase isoform precursor was decreased 1.71‐fold; (2) creatine kinase M chain was decreased 1.72‐fold; (3) NAD+‐isocitrate dehydrogenase, α subunit was increased 8.34‐fold; (4) ATP synthase D chain, mitochondrial was increased 3.02‐fold; (5) ventricular myosin light chain‐1 was decreased 2.02‐fold. Additionally, we found that the level of actin was decreased 2.6‐times in the IZ compared to the NIZ on Western blot analysis but was unchanged on 2‐DE.
Ethylene/1‐hexene copolymerization with tetramethyldisiloxane‐bridged bis(indenyl) metallocenes
Authors: Reybuck Sarah E. , Waymouth Robert M. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractEthylene/1‐hexene copolymerizations with disiloxane‐bridged metallocenes, rac‐ and meso‐1,1,3,3‐tetramethyldisiloxanediyl‐bis(1‐indenyl)zirconium dichloride (rac‐1, meso‐1) activated by modified methylaluminoxane were performed to investigate the influence of conformational dynamics on comonomer selectivity. Although 1H NOESY (nuclear Overhauser and exchange spectroscopy) analysis indicated that the most stable conformation for the meso isomer in solution was that in which both indenes project over the metal coordination site, this isomer showed higher 1‐hexene selectivity in copolymerization (re = 140 ± 30, rh = 0.024 ± 0.004) than the rac isomer with only one indene over the coordination site (re = 240 ± 20, rh = 0.005 ± 0.001). The meso isomer showed high 1‐hexene selectivity, a high product of reactivity ratios (rerh = 3.3 ± 0.5) and produced copolymers that could be separated into fractions with different ethylene content suggesting that the active species exhibited multisite behavior and populated conformations with different comonomer selectivities during the copolymerization. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 3323–3331, 2004
Nitroxide‐mediated living free‐radical polymerization of styrene: A systematic study of the variation of the alkoxyamine concentration
Authors: Schulte Tobias , Knoop Christoph Alexander , Studer Armido 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe effect of the variation of the alkoxyamine concentration on the conversion and polydispersity of the nitroxide‐mediated living free‐radical polymerization of styrene is discussed. Four different alkoxyamines (1–4) have been used for these studies. For an alkoxyamine with a small equilibrium rate constant (K), such as styryl–TEMPO 2, the conversion is governed by the autopolymerization of styrene. For efficient alkoxyamines 1, 3, and 4, the conversion at high alkoxyamine concentrations is higher than the conversion obtained by autopolymerization. At high alkoxyamine concentrations, the conversions vary to a small extent for all the alkoxyamines studied. As long as the conversion remains high, the polydispersity index is small. In addition, simulations of polymerizations with a program for modeling nonlinear dynamics are discussed. Polymerizations with efficient alkoxyamines at high alkoxyamine concentrations are well described by the kinetic scheme applied. K for alkoxyamines 1 and 4 has been estimated with the simulations. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 3342–3351, 2004
New 7‐membered diazepanone alkoxyamines for nitroxide‐mediated radical polymerization
Authors: Nesvadba Peter , Bugnon Lucienne , Sift Rosemarie 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe synthesis of new 7‐membered diazepanone alkoxyamines [2,2,7,7‐tetramethyl‐1‐(1‐phenyl‐ethoxy)‐[1,4]diazepan‐5‐one (3) and 2,7‐diethyl‐2,3,7‐trimethyl‐1‐(1‐phenyl‐ethoxy)‐[1,4]diazepan‐5‐one (8)] through the Beckmann rearrangement of piperidin‐4‐one alkoxyamines was developed. Both 3 and 8 were evaluated as initiators and regulators for the nitroxide‐mediated radical polymerization of styrene and n‐butyl acrylate. 8, a sterically highly hindered alkoxyamine readily available as a crystalline solid, allowed the fast and controlled polymerization and preparation of polymers with low polydispersity indices (1.2–1.4) up to a degree of polymerization of about 100. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 3332–3341, 2004
Posttraumatic growth in chinese cancer survivors
Authors: Ho Samuel M.Y. , Chan Cecilia L.W. , Ho Rainbow T.H. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractTo investigate the dimensions and determinants of posttraumatic growth among Chinese cancer survivors, 188 participants were asked to complete a Chinese posttraumatic growth inventory, translated from the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI; J Trauma Stress 1996; 9: 455–471), together with the Chinese versions of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale, the Mini‐Mental Adjustment to Cancer scale, and the General Health Questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a different factor structure than the original English‐language version of the PTGI. The dimensions of growth could also be broadly dichotomized into an Interpersonal and an Intrapersonal dimension in our Chinese sample. Multiple regression analysis showed that positive coping was the most important determinant of posttraumatic growth when compared with negative coping and psychological symptoms. A Chinese Posttraumatic Growth Inventory was developed to facilitate future research. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immunosuppressive and cytotoxic properties of Nigella sativa
Authors: Nazrul Islam SK. , Begum Parveen , Ahsan Touhida , Huque Saiful , Ahsan Monira 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn this study the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds (NSVO) was investigated for its immunomodulating and cytotoxic properties. A rat model was designed to examine the effect of NSVO on selected immune components. Long‐Evans rats were challenged with a speciﬁc antigen (typhoid TH) and treated with NSVO; and the changes produced in their serum antibody titre along with the splenocytes and peripheral immune cells were analysed. Antibody titre for the experimental animal was found to be 1280 as compared to the 2560 in the control rats. There was a signiﬁcant (p < 0.05) decrease in splenocytes and neutrophils counts, but a rise in peripheral lymphocytes and monocytes in the experimental animals. To test the cytotoxicity of NSVO, a panel of ﬁve human cancer cell lines and a ﬁbroblast line was used. The MTT assay was employed to estimate the cell mortality. Vinblastine sulphate and mitomycin C were used as the positive control. LC50 values for NSVO were 155.02 ± 10.4, 185.77 ± 2.9, 120.40 ± 20.5, 384.53 ± 12.1 and 286.83 ± 23.3 µg/ml respectively against the SCL, SCL‐6, SCL‐37′6, NUGC‐4 cancer lines and 3T6 ﬁbroblast line. Results indicate that the NSVO could be considered as a potential immunosuppressive cytotoxic agent. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.