bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of interest in young children's retention of words
Authors: Ackermann Lena , Förster Meike , Schaarschmidt Juliane , Hepach Robert , Mani Nivedita , Eiteljoerge Sarah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractChildren fast‐map new words to their referents early on but may not show robust retention of the learning of word–object mappings until much later. This study examines whether children's interest in a natural category is associated with children's retention of newly learned labels for objects in that category. German‐speaking 24‐month‐olds and 38‐month‐olds (n = 88, 41 female) were trained on novel word–object associations from different categories. Pupillary arousal and parental reports served as indices of children's interest in categories presented. Recognition and retention were tested directly after exposure, 5 min later and 24 h later. Both younger and older children showed successful word–object recognition and retention. Furthermore, interest in the category modulates young children's recognition and retention of newly learned word–object associations from semantic categories across ages.
CircANKRD17 promotes glycolysis by inhibiting miR‐143 in breast cancer cells
Authors: Chen Hong , Zhang Ling‐Fei , Zhang Lu , Miao Ying , Xi Yun , Liu Mo‐Fang , Zhang Min , Li Biao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlucose metabolic reprogramming, known as the Warburg effect, is one of the metabolic hallmarks of tumor cells. Cancer cells preferentially metabolize glucose by glycolysis rather than mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation regardless of oxygen availability, but the regulatory mechanism underlying this switch has been incompletely understood. Here, we report that the circular RNA circ ankyrin repeat domain 17 (ANKRD17) functions as a key regulator for glycolysis to promote cell growth, migration, invasion, and cell‐cycle progression in breast cancer (BC) cells. We further show that circANKRD17 acts to accelerate glycolysis in BC cells by acting as a sponge for miR‐143 and in turn overrides the repressive effect of miR‐143, a well‐documented glycolytic repressor, on hexokinase 2 in BC cells, thus resulting in enhanced glycolysis in BC cells. These data suggest the circANKRD17‐miR‐143 cascade as a novel mechanism in controlling glucose metabolic reprogramming in BC cells and suggest circANKRD17 as a promising therapeutic target to interrupt cancerous glycolysis.
Biopolymer and polymer precursor production by microorganisms: applications and future prospects
Authors: Saharan Baljeet Singh , Kamal Neel , Badoni Prerana , Kumar Ramesh , Saini Mayuri , Kumar Dharmender , Sharma Deepansh , Tyagi Swati , Ranga Poonam , Parshad Jagdish , Goyal Chhaya , Kumar Ravinder , Nehra Manju , Seth Chandra Shekhar , Duhan Joginder Singh , Mandal Neelam Kumari 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPolymers have been used in various industries over the past few decades due to their tremendous applications. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates and poly(lactic acid) are easily biodegradable biopolymers derived from bacteria, including recombinant Escherichia coli, Alcaligenes eutrophus, Alcaligenes latus, Azotobacter vinelandii, methylotrophs and Pseudomonas. Conventional petroleum‐derived polymers have become potentially harmful to the environment due to their complex degradation process. The nonbiodegradability of synthetic polymers has become a global issue of concern. There is an urgent need for a substitute to tackle the increasing environmental stress. Microorganisms are small factories for producing different types of polymers during their growth cycle. Various features like biodegradability, biocompatibility, nontoxicity and wide substrate spectrum make such microbial polymers highly reliable. Biopolymers such as alginate, cellulose, cyanophycin, levan, polyhydroxyalkanoates, xanthan, poly(lactic acid) and poly(γ‐glutamic acid) can be obtained from different microorganisms like Aureobasdium pullulans, Acetobacter xylinum, Bacillus thermoamylovorans and Cupriavidusnecator. These are extensively used in various fields like food, medicine, wastewater treatment, biofuel production, packaging and cosmetics. Despite being advantageous in several ways, the biopolymer market still faces several hurdles. This review mainly emphasizes the different types of biopolymers, production by microorganisms and various applications of these biopolymers in different fields. The main drawback limiting the development of these polymers is the high production cost and low efficiency of the microbial strains. Genetic recombination is an efficient technique to enhance the microbial yield and to expand the biopolymer market size. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Gender trends in dentistry: Dental faculty and academic leadership
Authors: Kim Aram , Karra Nour , Song Crystal , Linder Pamela J. , Bonino Francesca , Doig Peter , Zandona Andrea 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesGender equality in the healthcare workforce has been a topic of discourse for many decades. In dental academia, women's representation of enrolled students and faculty has risen consistently since the 1980s. However, women in faculty leadership positions may still be lagging when compared to men. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the number of women who occupy the upper echelons of academic rank and title by analyzing cross‐referenced data from the American Dental Association and the American Dental Education Association on women dental school graduates in relation to academic appointments.MethodsGender distribution in rank, title, and appointments in the decade from 2011 to 2019, as well as percentage of women graduates over the same period, were collected for descriptive statistics. Multiple linear regression analysis, Cochran Armitage, and chi‐square tests were conducted to examine trends over the years and to determine significant differences in overall percentages (p < 0.05).ResultsThe total women faculty percentages ranged from 36% to 40%. While the lower‐level rank of instructor retained a higher representation of women (56%–65%), the higher rank of professor had disproportionately lower women percentages (18%–26%). Graduates, full‐time faculty, lower‐level academic ranks, and higher‐level academic ranks for women followed similar upward trends that were statistically significant (p < 0.05). When comparing the different groups against each other, the annual increase in women DMD/DDS graduate percentage was higher than women full‐time faculty (0.28%), instructor rank (0.92%), professor rank (0.50%), and department chair appointments (0.49%).ConclusionsOur data show that women are still underrepresented at higher academic ranks. However, the upward trends for professors, assistant deans, and program chairs suggest that in recent years, more women faculty may have been encouraged, mentored, or offered higher administrative positions in academic institutions.
Interactions between paramyosin and actin greatly improve their thermostability and gel properties
Authors: Yin Shuhua , Duan Maoping , Zhang Jian , Zhang Tuo , Zhao Guanghua 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDMyofibrillar proteins, the main contributors to the quality of meat products, are the main structural protein component of muscle and have functional properties such as the formation of a 3D protein gel network and water binding. The susceptibility of meat‐derived proteins to heat‐induced aggregation is the functional constraint that hinders their applications in industry, and so establishing an effective but simple method to improve their thermostability of the proteins is of great importance.RESULTSIn the present study, we describe an easy approach to perform high colloidal thermostability of both paramyosin and actin by mixing them at low ionic strength. The improvement in thermal stability was found to be derived from intermolecular interactions between these two different proteins through non‐covalent binding with each other. Consequently, such interactions protected each of them from thermal‐induced degradation compared to individual components. Notably, this binary native protein mixture rather than single paramyosin or actin component has the ability to form protein hydrogels with a shear‐thinning and reversible sol–gel transformation behavior, which is markedly different from most of reported heat‐induced, denatured protein hydrogels.CONCLUSIONThe present study not only presents a facile and effective strategy for improvement of the thermal stability and gel properties of a binary paramyosin and actin mixture, but also enhances our understanding of how mutual interactions of protein components affect their physicochemical and functional properties. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Astaxanthin encapsulation in soybean protein isolate–sodium alginate complexes‐stabilized nanoemulsions: antioxidant activities, environmental stability, and in vitro digestibility
Authors: Ge Yuhong , Zhou Yangying , Li Shunfa , Yan Jing , Chen Hong , Qin Wen , Zhang Qing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDNanoemulsions (NEs) have been considered an effective carrier to protect environmentally labile bioactive compounds from degradation during food processing. Among the numerous types of NEs, biopolymer‐stabilized NEs have gained much attention to achieve this function because of the extensive sources, biocompatibility, and tunability. Therefore, the antioxidant activities, environmental stability, and in vitro digestibility of astaxanthin (AST)‐loaded soybean protein isolate (SPI)–alginate (SA) complexes‐stabilized NEs (AST‐SPI–SA‐NEs) were investigated in this study.RESULTSThe AST‐SPI–SA‐NEs exhibited an encapsulation efficiency of 88.30 ± 1.67%, which is greater than that of the AST‐loaded SPI‐stabilized NEs (AST‐SPI‐NEs) (77.31 ± 0.83%). Both AST‐SPI–SA‐NEs and AST‐SPI‐NEs exhibited significantly stronger hydroxyl or diphenylpicryl‐hydrazyl radical‐scavenging activities than the free AST. The formation of SPI–SA complexes strengthened the thermal, light, and storage stability of AST‐SPI–SA‐NEs with no apparently increasing mean diameter (around 200 nm). AST‐SPI–SA‐NEs also exhibited a better freeze–thaw dispersibility behavior than AST‐SPI‐NEs. AST‐SPI–SA‐NEs were more stable than AST‐SPI‐NEs were under in vitro gastrointestinal digestion conditions and exhibited a greater bioaccessibility (47.92 ± 0.42%) than both AST‐SPI‐NEs (12.97 ± 1.33%) and free AST (7.87 ± 0.37%). Hydrogen bonding was confirmed to participate in the formation of AST‐SPI–SA‐NEs and AST‐SPI‐NEs based on the molecular docking results.CONCLUSIONSThe construction of SPI–SA‐NEs is conducive to the encapsulation, protection, and absorption of AST, providing a promising method for broadening the application of AST in processed foods or developing novel ingredients of functional foods. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Complete mesocolic excision and extended lymphadenectomy: Where should we stand?
Authors: Gupta Abhinav , Garabetian Christine , Cologne Kyle , Duldulao Marjun Philip 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDebate regarding the risks and merits of complete mesocolic excision and extended lymphadenectomy is ongoing, particularly for right‐sided colon cancers. In this article, we hope to provide a succinct yet encompassing review of the relevant literature. We posit that complete mesocolic excision with D3 dissection is indicated in select patients with colon cancers, particularly those distal to the cecum.
Effect of Materials Parameters on the Shape of Face‐On Lamellae in Semi‐Conducting Polymers: Insights From Qualitative Theory
Authors: Daoulas Kostas Ch. , Markina Anastasia A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPolymer semiconductors frequently form crystals or mesophases with lamellae, that comprise alternating layers of stacked backbones and side chains. Controlling lamellar orientation in films is essential for obtaining efficient charge carrier transport. Herein, lamellar orientation is investigated in an application‐relevant setup: lamellae assembled on a substrate that strongly favors face‐on orientation, but exposed to a film surface that promotes orientation along an “easy” direction, other than face on. It is assumed that the face‐on order propagates from the substrate, but the lamellae bend to reduce their surface energy. A qualitative free‐energy model is developed. The deformation is investigated as a function of film thickness, effective Young modulus, anchoring coefficient, and easy direction at the free surface. The calculations highlight the importance of elastic constants – lamellae can substantially deform already when Young moduli are only an order of magnitude smaller than the values that are reported for crystals. Softer Young moduli are expected when lamellar assembly occurs in a non‐solidified mesophase that can be an equilibrium or (more speculatively) a transient state prior to crystallization. The alternative scenario of a two‐layered film is also evaluated, where edge‐on and face‐on grains form, respectively, at the free surface and substrate.
Modeling of mechanosensitive remodeling processes in collagen fibers
Authors: Topol Heiko , Stoffel Marcus , Markert Bernd , Pence Thomas J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA large number of biochemical processes such as enzymatic collagen degradation are involved in the remodeling of biological soft tissue constituents. Experiments have found that moderate strain may stabilize fibrillar collagen to enzymatic degradation. This strain stabilization is crucial for the homeostatic balance during the tissue remodeling process in healthy soft tissue. This article studies a material model applicable to the modeling of collagenous soft tissue. The ground substance properties are taken to be time‐independent, while the mechanical behavior of the fibers is modeled in terms of the Helmholtz free energy of the underlying protofibers along with a survival kernel that accounts for how the fiber density is dependent upon the deformation of the overall material. The examples illustrate the consequences of a compressively induced mechanical disruption to the homeostatic fiber remodeling, and they show the differences in the re‐approach to homeostasis when either the stress or strain remains constant.
Gradually modified fibers of Yucca Filifera (Asparagaceae) as biodegradable and mechanical reinforcement of polypropylene composites
Authors: Medellín Rodríguez Francisco J. , Gudiño Rivera Javier , Rodríguez Velázquez Jesús Gilberto , Lara Sánchez Jesús Francisco , Salinas Hernández Myrna 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe preparation and characterization of Yucca Filifera (Asparagaceae) fibers (YFF) and their incorporation into polypropylene (PP) matrices of two molecular weights are reported. Apart from the fibers sectioning and dehydration, saponates, phenols, hemicellulose, and lignin were systematically extracted. Moisture was a primary factor in the as‐sectioned samples, and dehydration was followed by volatiles extraction, including saponates and phenols. An optimized mixture of alcohols (80% methanol/20% ethanol v/v) was used to extract the remaining volatiles (adsorbed water, phenols, and saponates). The dried fibers were then cyclically treated in an autoclave using a dilute sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with the purpose of decreasing external lignin and hemicellulose. After extractions, the fiber product was directly incorporated into PP of two molecular weights, film/fiber (PP35) and injection molding (PP11) grades. The average crystallization temperatures from the melt increased slightly in the presence of YFF as an indication of heterogeneous nucleation. Although the crystallization degree decreased perceptibly depending on the fiber content. The apparent viscosity measurements as a function of shear rate, at low fiber concentrations (10 wt%), displayed partial compatibility between the treated YFF and PP11. In contrast, high fiber concentrations (30 wt%) in PP35 showed only a range of partial compatibility at high shear rates. Mechanical elongation and bending demonstrated an increase in the corresponding moduli as an indication of fiber reinforcement with a biodegradable additive. The higher tensile modulus was obtained at the expense of mechanical deformation.Highlights
A desert plant fiber works as reinforcement for PP composites.
The fibers preparation extracts saponates, phenols, and partially lignin and hemicellulose.
Fibers are heterogeneous enough for compatibility with the PP matrices.
Fibers mechanically reinforced PP in proportion to their concentration.
Reinforcement depends on the molecular weight of the PP matrix.
Assessing the optimal MAP target in pre‐capillary PH patients with RV failure: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Moallem Niala , Fiscus Garrett , O'Sullivan David M. , Perkins Michael , Scatola Andrew , Parikh Raj 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRight ventricular failure (RVF) in pre‐capillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. While mean arterial pressure (MAP) goals have been well established in critical care literature, the optimal MAP target for patients with RVF secondary to pre‐capillary PH remains unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the difference in outcomes between patients who were managed with different MAP targets. We retrospectively analyzed records of 60 patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit for decompensated RVF secondary to pre‐capillary PH. The records were stratified into two groups: 30 patients who were treated with a static MAP goal of either 65 or 70 mmHg (MAP65/70) and 30 patients who received a dynamic MAP goal (MAPCVP) determined by invasively obtained central venous pressure or right atrial pressure. The dynamic MAP group had a statistically significant decrease in in‐hospital mortality and incidence of acute kidney injury compared to the static MAP cohort.
Flame retardancy, dielectric performance, pyrolysis behavior of epoxy resin and cyanate ester composites containing a multifunctional flame retardant
Authors: Cen Xinhao , Cao Zhilin , Wang Zhengzhou 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this research, a novel multifunctional flame retardant (DSF) was prepared through a reaction involving 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO), 4‐amino‐trifluorotoluene, and salicylaldehyde, was characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR, and was employed to prepare a multifunctional epoxy resin and cyanate ester resin copolymer (EPCE). A comprehensive investigation was conducted to assess the mechanical performance, dielectric properties, thermal behavior, and flame retardancy of EPCE composites. The results indicate that the EPCE composite with 8 wt% DSF (EPCE/8DSF) attained a LOI value of 28.1 vol% and a V‐0 rating. The EPCE/8DSF demonstrated a reduction of 25.8% in the peak heat release rate and a decrease of 25.6% in the total heat release in comparison with EPCE. In addition, the EPCE/8DSF composite demonstrated a decrease in both the dielectric constant and dielectric loss at 10 MHz, representing values of 3.58 and 0.00744, respectively. Furthermore, the incorporation of higher DSF content into the EPCE led to a decrease in mechanical properties.Highlights
A multifunctional flame retardant (DSF) was prepared by Kabachnik‐Fields reaction, and was used to fabricate multifunctional EPCE composites.
EPCE/DSF composites have good flame retardancy.
The prepared composites also have low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss.
Delta method, asymptotic distribution
Authors: Beutner Eric 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe delta method for deriving asymptotic distributions is presented. Assume interest lies in where is an unknown parameter and is a known function. The delta method allows to immediately obtain an approximation of the distribution of the plug‐in estimator through the asymptotic distribution ofwheneverthe asymptotic distribution of is known and is differentiable at .This article is categorized under:Data: Types and Structure > Time Series, Stochastic Processes, and Functional Data
Gemeinsames Musizieren und Soziologie. Zu einem besonderen totalen Verhältnis
Authors: Vollmer Theresa 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Arbeit hat eine Soziologie gemeinsamen Musizierens anhand der Ethnographie der Streichensembles entwickelt und vorgestellt. Dabei wurde in der Einleitung (Kapitel I) die Metapher der „soziologischen Partitur gemeinsamen Musizierens“ verwendet und behauptet, dass sich durch die einzelnen Kapitel drei Stimmen des Sozialen ziehen würden – „Wissen“, „Hörwelt“ und „Klangwelt“. Sie sollen im Folgenden noch einmal grob nachgezeichnet werden, um ihren Stimmenverlauf durch die soziologische Partitur hervorzuheben.
Convex functions and approximate Birkhoff–James orthogonality
Authors: Chmieliński Jacek , Gryszka Karol , Wójcik Paweł 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFor the well developed notion of approximate Birkhoff-James orthogonality, in a real or complex normed linear space, we formulate a new characterization. It can be derived from other, already known, characterizations as well as obtained in a more elementary and direct way, on the basis of some simple inequalities for real convex functions.
Crystal–melt interfaces in Mg2SiO4 at high pressure: structural and energetics insights from first-principles simulations
Authors: Karki Bijaya B. , Ghosh Dipta B. , Wang Jianwei , Karato Shun-ichiro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe interplay between crystal–melt and grain boundary interfaces in partially melted polycrystalline aggregates controls many physical properties of mantle rocks. To understand this process at the fundamental level requires improved knowledge about the interfacial structures and energetics. Here, we report the results of first-principles molecular dynamics simulations of two grain boundaries of (0l1)/[100] type for tilt angles of 30.4° and 49.6° and the corresponding solid–liquid interfaces in Mg2SiO4 forsterite at the conditions of the upper mantle. Our analysis of the simulated position time series shows that structural distortions at the solid–liquid interfacial region are stronger than intergranular interfacial distortions. The calculated formation enthalpy of the solid–solid interfaces increases nearly linearly from 1.0 to 1.4 J/m2 for the 30.4° tilt and from 0.8 to 1.0 J/m2 for the 49.6° tilt with pressure from 0 to 16 GPa at 1500 K, being consistent with the experimental data. The solid–liquid interfacial enthalpy takes comparable values in the range 0.9 to 1.5 J/m2 over similar pressure interval. The dihedral angle of the forsterite–melt system estimated using these interfacial enthalpies takes values in the range of 67° to 146°, showing a decreasing trend with pressure. The predicted dihedral angle is found to be generally larger than the measured data for silicate systems, probably caused by compositional differences between the simulation and the measurements.