bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A transcription factor SlWRKY71 activated the H2S generating enzyme SlDCD1 enhancing the response to Pseudomonas syringae pv DC3000 in tomato leaves
Authors: Zhao Yu‐Qi , Sun Chen , Hu Kang‐Di , Yu Yue , Liu Zhi , Song Ying‐Chun , Xiong Ren‐Jie , Ma Yue , Zhang Hua , Yao Gai‐Fang 
Published: January 2025

Summary
H2S is a well‐known gaseous signaling molecule that plays important roles in plant response to biotic stresses. Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) could cause enormous loss, while whether H2S could modulate plant defense against Pst is still unclear.
By CRISPR/Cas9, the Sldcd1 gene editing mutant showed reduced endogenous H2S content and attenuated resistance, whereas treatment with exogenous H2S could enhance the resistance. A transcription factor, SlWRKY71, was screened and identified to promote the transcription of SlDCD1 via yeast one‐hybrid, dual‐luciferase reporter system, electrophoretic mobility shift assays, and transient overexpression.
Here, it was found that exogenous H2S relieved the symptoms of bacterial speck disease in tomato leaves, conferring tolerance to Pst. DC3000, and the expression of the H2S‐producing enzyme SlDCD1 was significantly induced. The Slwrky71 mutant also showed reduced defense in tomato leaves against Pst. DC3000, whereas SlWRKY71‐OE tomato leaves showed increased tolerance. Transient overexpression of SlDCD1 in the context of Slwrky71 with exogenous H2S treatment has stronger resistance, and the overexpression of SlWRKY71 in the context of Sldcd1 showed relatively weak disease resistance, and with the addition of H2S enhanced the effect.
Therefore, we concluded that SlWRKY71 could activate SlDCD1 expression and promote endogenous H2S production, thereby improving tomato leaves resistance to Pst. DC3000.
EBV‐Positive Mucocutaneous Ulceration With Osteomyelitis and Necrosis of the Jaw: A Case Series
Authors: Yogarajah Sangeetha , Carey Barbara , Sandison Ann , Gleeson Mary , Fields Paul , Patel Vinod 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimsEBV‐positive lymphoproliferative disorders (EBV‐LPDs) may present in immunocompetent or immunodeficiency states. They have a heterogeneous clinicopathological picture of variable prognosis, ranging from innocuous hyperplasias to aggressive lymphomas. EBV‐positive mucocutaneous ulcers (EBV‐MCU) are a rare phenomenon within the spectrum of EBV‐LPDs which typically arise in the context of immunosuppression. Patients may present with indolent ulcers involving the oral cavity, with their clinical appearance frequently mimicking squamous cell carcinoma or lymphoma, however exhibit a benign, self‐limiting course. Progression to osteomyelitis and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is rare, with the literature limited to patients taking methotrexate only. This case series highlights cases of EBV‐MCU with osteomyelitis and ONJ in three different patients taking methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil and adalimumab.MethodsClinical notes were retrospectively reviewed for three patients diagnosed with EBV‐MCU with osteomyelitis and ONJ.ResultsTo the best of our knowledge, there have been no previous case reports of EBV‐MCU with osteomyelitis and ONJ, alongside concurrent adalimumab nor mycophenolate mofetil prescription.ConclusionAll patients were managed successfully with withdrawal of the immunosuppressive drug and conservative measures. In these cases, ONJ development was in immunodeficient individuals due to EBV‐driven lymphoproliferation, which is a different mechanism to medication‐related ONJ (where patients are EBV‐negative and the soft tissues are otherwise healthy). The increased use of novel immunomodulatory agents in the future will further expand iatrogenic causes for EBV‐MCU with osteomyelitis and ONJ.
A Rare Case of an Odontogenic Cyst With Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumour‐Like Changes Associated With an Unerupted Canine in a Paediatric Patient
Authors: Amin Alisha , Radia Ria , Hall Gillian , Tatham Helen , Ormondroyd Louise 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCalcifying epithelial odontogenic tumours (CEOTs) are benign tumours accounting for less than 1% of all odontogenic tumours. CEOTs are often asymptomatic and are typically diagnosed through incidental radiographic findings, making early detection challenging.Presenting ProblemA 15‐year‐old presented to the emergency department with a 1‐week history of a left‐sided facial swelling complaining of pain and a blocked left nostril. He had been prescribed amoxicillin previously with no improvement.Clinical ManagementClinically, a firm, non‐tender swelling involving his upper lip, cheek and nose was noted. Imaging showed a well‐defined unilocular radiolucency, displacing the unerupted dilacerated UL3 and the roots of adjacent teeth with resorption. The treatment plan included marsupialisation of the cyst and management of dental caries. Histologically, hyalinised stromal material consistent with amyloid was reported. A follow‐up CBCT showed a reduction in size with bony infiltration. An MDT decision was made to enucleate the cyst and remove the UL3. The root dilaceration was too severe to consider orthodontic alignment.Discussion/ConclusionOver 50% of CEOTs in children are associated with unerupted teeth suggesting odontogenic or developmental origins. This highlights the importance of radiographic evaluation, especially in patients suffering from facial swellings or altered tooth eruption. Excision is commonplace and has good outcomes. However, in paediatric patients, minimally invasive techniques are preferable and should be considered, with the aim to reduce treatment‐associated morbidity, preserve the surrounding structures and reduce the post‐operative healing time/complications. Studies have highlighted promising results with laser ablation showing complete tumour removal, minimal complications and good long‐term follow‐up.
Natural variation in CTF1 conferring cold tolerance at the flowering stage in rice
Authors: Dong Jingfang , Zhang Shaohong , Hu Haifei , Wang Jian , Li Risheng , Wu Jing , Chen Jiansong , Zhou Lian , Ma Yamei , Li Wenhui , Nie Shuai , Wang Shaokui , Zhang Guiquan , Liu Bin , Zhao Junliang , Yang Tifeng 
Published: January 2025

SummaryImproving cold tolerance at the flowering stage (CTF) in rice is crucial for minimising yield loss, making the identification and application of cold‐tolerant genes and QTLs imperative for effective molecular breeding. The long lead time, dependence on cold treatment conditions, and the inherent complexity of the trait make studying the genetic basis of CTF in rice challenging. To date, the fine‐mapping or cloning of QTLs specific to CTF has not yet been achieved. In this study, single segment substitution lines (SSSLs) were constructed using HJX74 as the recipient and IR58025B, known for good CTF, as the donor. This approach led to the identification of two cold tolerance QTLs, qCTF3 and qCTF6, in rice. qCTF6 has promising breeding potential. Further, we identified the causal gene CTF1 underlying qCTF6 through map‐based cloning. CTF1 which encodes a conserved putative protein, has two SNPs within its coding sequence that influence CTF in rice. Additionally, genetic variations in the promoter of CTF1 also contributes to CTF. Thirteen variant sites of CTF1 in the four cold tolerance SSSLs are consistent with the IR58025B. Moreover, we analysed 307 accessions to characterise haplotypes based on the 13 variation sites, identifying five distinct haplotypes. The selection and evolutionary analysis indicate that the cold‐tolerant haplotype of CTF1 is a newly generated mutation that has undergone selection in japonica during domestication. This study not only provides a novel favourable gene for molecular breeding of CTF but also highlights the potential of CTF1 in advancing rice breeding.
Plasticity of Root System Architecture and Whole Transcriptome Responses Underlying Nitrogen Deficiency Tolerance Conferred by a Wild Emmer Wheat QTL
Authors: Govta Nikolai , Govta Liubov , Sela Hanan , Peleg Gadi , Distelfeld Assaf , Fahima Tzion , Beckles Diane M. , Krugman Tamar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOur aim was to elucidate mechanisms underlying nitrogen (N)‐deficiency tolerance in bread wheat (cultivar Ruta), conferred by a wild emmer wheat QTL (WEW; IL99). We hypothesised that the tolerance in IL99 is driven by enhanced N‐uptake through modification of root system architecture (RSA) underscored by transcriptome modifications. Severe N‐deficiency (0.1 N for 26 days) triggered significantly higher plasticity in IL99 compared to Ruta by modifying 16 RSA traits; nine of which were IL99‐specific. The change in root growth in IL99 was collectively characterised by a transition in root orientation from shallow to steep, increased root number and length, and denser networks, enabling nutrient acquisition from a larger volume and deeper soil layers. Gene ontology and KEGG‐enrichment analyses highlighted IL99‐specific pathways and candidate genes elevated under N‐deficiency. This included Jasmonic acid metabolism, a key hormone mediating RSA plasticity (AOS1, TIFY, MTB2, MYC2), and lignification‐mediated root strengthening (CYP73A, 4CL). ‘N‐metabolism’ was identified as a main shared pathway to IL99 and Ruta, with enhanced nitrate uptake predominant in IL99 (NRT2.4), while remobilisation was the main strategy in Ruta (NRT2.3). These findings provide novel insights into wheat plasticity response underlying tolerance to N‐deficiency and demonstrate the potential of WEW for improving N‐uptake under suboptimal conditions.
Practice of ABO antibody titration in a transplant center: From tube method to manual gel column testing to automated column agglutination technology
Authors: Sun Jun‐Bo , Chen Li‐Wen , Tao Li‐Li , Wu Qing‐Si , Yu Qian‐Qian , Xie Zhi‐Wei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesHigh‐quality ABO antibody titre testing is required for ABO‐incompatible haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and kidney transplantation. To assess the feasibility of automated ABO titration as an alternative to manual and semi‐automatic titration during the peri‐transplant period, a comparative study was conducted internally in a transfusion medicine laboratory.Materials and MethodsThis study was performed in two stages. Firstly, the differences in anti‐A/B detecting using conventional tube test (CTT) and manual column agglutination technology (CAT) were compared in group O pregnant women. Then, manual and automated CAT were applied to simultaneously detect ABO antibody levels in non‐AB‐group adult haematological oncology patients.ResultsIn the first stage, four groups of 192 comparable results were generated from 48 subjects, which showed a high correlation between CTT and manual CAT (p < 0.001). However, the detection sensitivity of the latter was at least 1 fold higher dilution than that of the former. Fifty‐six patients were tested in the second stage by simultaneous manual and automated CAT, and the paired titers differed within an acceptable range (±1 fold dilution). However, the concordance was slightly higher in group IgM (85.4%) than in group IgG (80.5%). Blood group specificity of ABO titers was also observed in this population, and no association between titers and other factors was found.ConclusionAutomated CAT standardises ABO titre testing and saves labor costs, although manual review of weak positive reactions is still necessary. Due to the blood group specificity of ABO antibodies, special attention should be paid to the quality control and clinical relevance of titre testing for group O recipients in ABO‐mismatched transplantation.
Uneven ambient futures: Intersecting heat and housing trajectories in England and Wales
Authors: Robinson Caitlin , Hasova Lenka , Zhang Lin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDespite being one of the key mechanisms via which people are exposed (or not) to uncomfortable or dangerous ambient environments—the conditions of the air or other medium that surround us—housing is rarely considered in evaluation of future climatic changes and vulnerability, including extreme summer heat. Responding to increasing interest in futures across geography—particularly in a warming world—this paper conceptualises and analyses localised heat‐housing trajectories for neighbourhoods in England and Wales. We apply sequence analysis to projected climate data to identify and characterise common trajectories of extreme summer heat. Heat trajectories are juxtaposed with housing data for ~15 million individual properties detailing type, quality and characteristics, derived from Energy Performance Certificates, as well as other socio‐demographic data. Our approach is deliberately somewhat ‘speculative’—a rehearsal spaces of sorts for different ways of responding to the prospect of uncertain futures. This enables us to consider different vulnerabilities that are likely to be reinforced, produced or remediated by extreme summer temperatures. Our heat‐housing trajectories highlight the important role of precarity in shaping vulnerability to extreme summer temperatures, a dimension underexplored to date. We also reflect on how we can conceptualise and map uneven ambient futures within the constraints of existing quantitative spatial data.
Burden of blindness and visual impairment associated with corneal opacities in India
Authors: Gupta Vivek , Vashist Praveen , Sarath Sukumara , Gupta Noopur , Senjam Suraj Singh , Shukla Palllavi , Shamanna Bindiganavale Ramaswamy , Rajshekhar Vemparala , Wadhwani Meenakshi , Bhardwaj Amit , Gupta Promila , Titiyal Jeewan S 
Published: January 2025

PurposeTo obtain national-level data on current burden of blindness and visual impairment (VI) due to corneal opacities (CO) and their epidemiological determinants in India.MethodsA cross-sectional, population-based survey was conducted in 31 districts for population aged ≥50 years using Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) V.6 methodology and 6 districts for population aged 0–49 years. Using standardised definitions, prevalence (95% CIs) and burden for 2023 were estimated at International Classification of Diseases-11 thresholds of mild/early VI (EVI) and moderate to severe VI (MSVI) and blindness.Results85 135 participants aged ≥50 years and 13 695 participants between 0 and 49 years were examined. Prevalence of avoidable blindness due to CO was 17.1 per 10 000 (13.4 to 21.9) and 3.39 per 10 000 (1.16 to 9.92) in populations aged ≥50 years and 0–49 years, respectively. 32% (n=49) in ≥50-year group did not have perception of light in CO-affected eye. Prevalence of cumulative avoidable MSVI or blindness due to CO was 26.9/10 000 (20.7 to 35.0) and 8.32/10 000 (2.81 to 24.62) in populations aged ≥50 years and 0–49 years, respectively, while cumulative avoidable EVI, MSVI or blindness due to CO were 30.1/10 000 (23.8 to 38.1) and 8.3/10 000 (2.81 to 24.62), respectively.Higher prevalence of avoidable MSVI or blindness due to CO were associated with increasing age, lower educational status; lower prevalence was noted in northeast geographical zone. Rural–urban and gender-based differences were not statistically and clinically significant respectively.ConclusionThere is a high burden of CO-related blindness and VI in India, especially in older populations. Key epidemiological risks may be used for prioritisation in eye health plans.
If You Write It Better, You Will Say It Better
Authors: Yaffe Philip 
Published: January 2025

Each "Communication Corner" essay is self-contained; however, they build on each other. For best results, before reading this essay and doing the exercise, go to the first essay "How an Ugly Duckling Became a Swan," then read each succeeding essay.
Today it is generally accepted that to fully achieve in most fields of endeavor you must be a competent (if not a superior) writer and public speaker. Computer science and computer programming are no exception. However, it is a mistake to believe that good expository (non-fiction) writing public speaking are distinct disciplines. They are flipsides of the same coin. Recognizing this essential dualism makes achieving competence in both faster and significantly easier.
This essay (slightly modified) originally appeared in the March 2010 edition of Toastmaster, the official monthly magazine of Toastmasters International, which has more than 14,000 clubs for members seeking to grow their public-speaking and leadership skills.
Impaired Exercise Capacity in High-Risk Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: The ARISE-HF Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Subanalysis
Authors: Tang W.H. Wilson , Liu Yuxi , Butler Javed , Del Prato Stefano , Ezekowitz Justin A. , Ibrahim Nasrien E. , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Marwick Thomas H. , Perfetti Riccardo , Rosenstock Julio , Solomon Scott D. , Zannad Faiez , Januzzi James L. , Lewis Gregory D. 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:
Objective indices of functional capacity in patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy and stage B heart failure (HF) have not been comprehensively defined. We sought to characterize the cardiopulmonary exercise characteristics of individuals with diabetic cardiomyopathy at high risk for overt HF.

METHODS:
The relationships from cardiopulmonary exercise testing with clinical and laboratory characteristics of participants with diabetic cardiomyopathy were evaluated using baseline data from the ARISE-HF trial (Aldose Reductase Inhibition for Stabilization of Exercise Capacity in Heart Failure). Cluster phenogroups with different comorbidities and their corresponding functional capacity profiles were identified.

RESULTS:
Among study participants (n=689), the median (Q1, Q3) peak oxygen uptake and ventilatory efficiency (slope of the ratio of minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production) were 15.7 (interquartile range, 13.0–18.0) mL/kg per minute and 31.2 (interquartile range, 27.2–34.1), respectively. Lower peak oxygen uptake was associated with older age, female sex, higher body mass index, higher N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, and an increasing burden of noncardiac comorbid conditions but was not associated with cardiac troponin T or echocardiogram-derived strain, left atrial volume index, E/e′, or right ventricular systolic pressure. Elevated left ventricular mass index was the only echocardiographic abnormality associated with lower peak oxygen uptake. Multivariable analysis revealed that female sex, higher body mass index, and no history of dyslipidemia were independently associated with lower baseline peak oxygen uptake. Cluster analysis revealed 3 clusters with profiles of different cardiovascular/exercise parameters and health status profiles.

CONCLUSIONS:
Baseline cardiopulmonary exercise testing data from the ARISE-HF trial highlight predominant associations of extracardiac clinical and demographic variables with significant impairment in exercise capacity despite strict fulfillment of diagnostic criteria for stage B HF.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04083339.
Abstract 124: Impact of Targeted Stroke Education: Zip Codes and Last Known Well
Authors: Peiris Iranthi , Guzik Amy , Johnson Leonard , Lycan Sarah 
Published: January 2025

Background and Purpose:
Certified Comprehensive Stroke Centers (CSC) provide 2+ community education events per year. In hospitals with a large geographical referral area, targeted education is impactful given fixed financial support, limited staff and time resources.

We utilized Local Get With The Guidelines (GWTG) Stroke data and population health data to identify targeted community education.

Methods:
We analyzed 2023 stroke data to identify zip codes of patients with long Last Known Well (LKW) to arrival time. We analyzed the demographic and social determinants of health (SDOH) characteristics of zip codes and compared them to state demographics. Educational events were prioritized based on content impactful to the unique needs of each community.

Results:
Two zip codes (27101, 27105) had the longest LKW to arrival times. These zip codes have larger health disparities when analyzing demographic and SDOH characteristics.

In 2023, 4 community educational events were conducted including health fairs and educational events at libraries, churches, and the North Carolina Medication Assist Mobile Pharmacy. Increased signage, brochures, and magnets were distributed from our medical practices, free health clinic, and mobile health clinics providing care to uninsured in identified zip codes. Education was provided in both Spanish and English and focused on the signs and symptoms of stroke and activating 911.
After targeted education was completed in the targeted zip codes, there was an improvement in patients presenting within 3.5 hours of last known well.

Conclusions:
Local GWTG Zip code-based data is helpful to plan community education to address disparities in stroke metrics such as LKW to arrival time. Utilizing SDOH and population data can help guide community education to better fit the community in that area. Targeted, purposeful community education can improve LKW to arrival times in communities.

References
https://data.census.gov
Local Get With The Guidelines® (GWTG) – Stroke
“This work represents the authors’ independent analysis of local or multicenter data gathered using the AHA Get With The Guidelines® (GWTG) IQVIA Registry Platform but is not an analysis of the national GWTG dataset and does not represent findings from the AHA GWTG National Program."
Abstract 135: Carotid Artery Tortuosity and Incidence of Ischemic Stroke: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Jiang Chao , Caughey Melissa , Xu Ziyang , Guan Yueyi , Sun Eric , Wasserman Bruce , Qiao Ye 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Carotid artery tortuosity, characterized by abnormal vessel twisting, has been reported to be associated with various vascular pathologies and the presence of stroke. We aimed to evaluate the association between carotid artery tortuosity and the incidence of ischemic stroke.

Methods:
We analyzed 3D contrast-enhanced MRA datasets from 2,066 participants enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Carotid MRI study. Of these, 368 were excluded due to prevalent stroke, missing covariates, or missing/uninterpretable contrast-enhanced MRA data. Tortuosity was qualitatively evaluated using the Weibel method
1
, categorized into three types (tortuosity, kinking, and coiling), and quantitatively measured using LAVA software as distance and angle metrics (Figure 1)
2
. The association between carotid tortuosity, a time-dependent exposure variable, and incident ischemic stroke was evaluated using Cox regression models adjusted for demographic and cardiovascular risk factors.

Results:
Among the 1,698 participants (71.51±0.44 years, 51.7% women; 22.1% Black), 135 had an ischemic stroke over a median follow-up of 8.6 years. The Kaplan-Meier plot demonstrated that the coiling type was associated with an increased rate of stroke compared to other groups (Figure 2). Tortuosity metrics validated the significant difference between two groups (mean distance matrix tortuosity: 1.66 ± 0.31 for coiling vs. 1.21 ± 0.18 for non-coiling, p<0.001). Cox regression analysis showed that the presence of carotid artery coiling was associated with a 2.5-fold increased risk of ischemic stroke (95% CI, 1.08-5.61) compared to those without coiling, after adjusting for age, sex, race and cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and statin use).

Conclusion:
Carotid artery tortuosity (i.e., coiling) is associated with incidence ischemic stroke, suggesting its potential as an imaging morphological marker for predicting future cerebrovascular events.

References:
1. Weibel J, et. al, . Neurology. 1965 Jan;15:7-18.
2. Zhou S, et.al,. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2024;59(5):1612-1619.