bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calculation of Forces on the High Granularity Calorimeter Stainless Steel Absorber Plates in the Compact Muon Solenoid Magnetic Field
Authors: Klyukhin Vyacheslav 
Published: October 2023

The general-purpose Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN includes the hadronic calorimeter to register the energies of the charged and neutral hadrons produced in the proton-proton collisions at the LHC at a center of mass energy 13.6 TeV. The calorimeter is located inside the superconducting solenoid of 6 m in diameter and 12.5 m in length creating the central magnetic flux density of 3.8 T. For operating optimally in the high pileup and high radiation environment of the High Luminosity LHC, the existing CMS endcap calorimeters will be replaced with a new high granularity calorimeter (HGCal) comprising of an electromagnetic and a hadronic section in each of the two endcaps. The hadronic section of the HGCAL will include 44 stainless steel absorber plates with a relative permeability value well below 1.05. The volume occupied by 22 plates in each endcap is about 21 m3. The calculation of the axial electromagnetic forces on the absorber plates is a crucial element in designing the mechanical construction of the device. With a three-dimensional computer model of the CMS magnet, the axial forces on each absorber plate are calculated and the dependence of forces on the central magnetic flux density value is presented. The method of calculation and the obtained results are discussed.
Pollution-Reducing Nitrogen Management Practices in a Maize Farmland in North China Plain Adapting to Climate Change
Authors: HE HUAYUN , Hu Qi , Pan Feifei , Pan Xuebiao 
Published: October 2023

Quantification of the trade-offs among greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, yield and farmers’ incomes is essential for proposing economic and environment nitrogen (N) management strategies for optimizing agricultural production. A four-year (2017–2020) field experiment (including four treatments: control experiment (CK), suitable utilization of fertilization (SU), emission reduction treatment (ER), and high fertilization (HF)) was conducted on maize (Zea mays L.) in the North China Plain. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method was used in this study to quantify the GHG emissions and farmers’ incomes during the whole maize production process. The total GHG emissions of CK, SU, ER and HF treatments in the process of maize production are 10,755.2, 12,908.7, 11,950.1, and 14,274.5 kg CO2-eq ha−1 respectively, of which the direct emissions account for 84.8%, 76.8%, 74.9%, and 71.0%, respectively. Adding inhibitor significantly reduced direct GHG emissions, and the N2O and CO2 emissions from the maize fields in the ER treatment decreased by 30.0% and 7.9% compared to those in the SU treatment. Insignificant differences in yield were found between the SU and ER treatments, indicating that adding fertilizer inhibitors did not affect farmers’ incomes while reducing GHG emissions. The yield for SU, ER and HF treatments all significantly increased by 12.9%–24.0%, 10.0%–20.7% and 2.1%–17.4% compared to CK, respectively. In comparison with CK, both SU and ER significantly promoted agricultural net profit (ANP) by 16.6% and 12.2% with the mean ANP values of 3,101.0 USD ha-1 and 2,980.0 USD ha-1, respectively. Due to the high agricultural inputs, the ANP values in the HF treatment was 11.2%, 16.6% and 12.4% lower than those in the SU treatment in 2018–2020. In conclusion, the combination of N fertilizer and inhibitors was proved to be an environmentally friendly, high-profit and low-emissions production technology while sustaining or even increasing maize yields in the North China Plain, which was conducive to achieving agricultural sustainability.
NILAI DAN KEKUATAN PEMBUKTIAN KETERANGAN SAKSI TESTIMONIUM DE AUDITU
Authors: Tarigan Daniel Milano , Rustamaji Muhammad 
Published: October 2023

<p><em>There has been a lot of research on obscenity, but the discussion on the use of testimonium de auditu in obscenity cases is of interest to the author. This thesis aims to examine the value and strength of the evidence of the testimonium de auditu and the testimony suitability of witnesses from the testimony of de auditu in cases of sexual abuse of children under the provisions of criminal procedural law. The type of this research is normative legal research which is prescriptive and applied. This legal research uses a case approach. The legal materials used on this research consist of primary and secondary legal materials. The collection of legal material used in this research use library research. The legal material analysis technique used in this law research is the syllogism method with deductive thinking patterns. Based on the results of the research and discussion, it can be concluded that the value and strength of evidence in criminal procedural law are all of free value to the judge, as well as the testimony of the testimonium de auditu.</em></p><p> <em>Keywords: <a href="/verstek/article/view/73452">Testimonium De Auditu; Value and strength of evidence; Witness testimony</a></em></p>
Central Airway Obstruction with Persistent Pulmonary Decline After Vertebral Body Tethering
Authors: Boeyer Melanie , Tweedy Nicole , Hoernschemeyer Daniel , Wiesemann Sebastian 
Published: October 2023

Case:
An 11-year-old girl with pectus excavatum presented with an acute airway obstruction and persistent pulmonary compromise after vertebral body tethering (VBT). The anterior instrumentation was occluding her right basilar bronchus, resulting in hyperinflation. Removal of the instrumentation reversed the hyperinflation.

Conclusion:
This case illustrates the difficulty of performing VBT in a small patient with severe scoliosis and significant asymmetric pectus excavatum. We recommend using low-profile instrumentation and ensuring the trajectory of the instrumentation is anterior to the rib head and parallel to the articular facets.
Congenital Ankylosis of the Knee Treated with Van Nes Rotationplasty
Authors: Siebert Matthew J. , Roach James W. , Stotts Alan K. 
Published: October 2023

Case:
This is a case of a female patient born with thrombocytopenia-absent radius syndrome, with bilateral upper extremity phocomelia, bilateral hip dislocations, and congenital fusion of the right knee with progressively worsening flexion contracture. At age 3 years and 5 months, the patient was treated with excision of the knee ankylosis and Van Nes rotationplasty. This proved durable at age 20 years (final follow-up) without any need for further surgery and without complication.

Conclusion:
This is the first known report of Van Nes rotationplasty as a durable treatment option in the management of congenital knee ankylosis, which may avoid reoperation and eliminate risk of recurrence.
Effect of a 12-Week Multiple-Micronutrient Supplementation on INFLA Score among Subjects 70 years and older – Results of a Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Kerlikowsky Felix , Krüger Karsten , Hahn Andreas , Schuchardt Jan Philipp 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background:
Aging is accompanied by an impaired immune system and chronic low-grade inflammation, while the supply-status of anti-inflammatory micronutrients such as long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, folate and cobalamin is often critical in older people.
Methods:
The aim of this randomised, double-blinded, 12-week intervention study with 112 healthy older people (75.5 ± 3.8 years) was to investigate the effect of multiple-micronutrient supplementation in physiological doses (i.e., 400 µg folic acid, 100 µg cobalamin, 50 µg cholecalciferol, 18 mg tocopherol, 100 µg selenium, 1000 mg EPA/DHA) on the INFLA score, a new marker for identifying low-grade inflammation in a holistic approach. The status of the following micronutrients, assumed to be potentially critical, was measured: Omega-3 Index (O3I) for relative EPA + DHA levels of total fatty acids in red blood cells, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-(OH)D), red blood cell folate (RBC folate), and holotranscobalamin (holoTC).
Results:
A significant increase in the nutrient biomarkers in the intervention group compared to the placebo group (all p < 0.001) was observed. The INFLA-Score slightly decreased in individuals receiving the supplement, whereas the score increased in the placebo group (differences not statistically different). A subgroup analysis revealed a significant decrease in INFLA score in supplement treated subjects ≥ 80 years, indicating a lower inflammatory state, compared to no change in the placebo group (INFLA score Δt12-t0: intervention group − 4.1 ± 4.5, placebo group 1.3 ± 3.1 with p = 0.022). Significant associations were found between age and the decrease in the INFLA score (p = 0.010) as well as between the increase in O3I and decrease in INFLA score (p = 0.037).
Conclusion:
In the present cohort of healthy older people, there was a non-significant reduction in INFLA score with multi-nutrient supplementation in physiological doses. People > 80 years of age or with a low basal O3I may benefit from a multinutrient and EPA + DHA supplementation, respectively.
Trial registration
This study is officially recorded in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00021302, registration date: 23.04.2020).
The challenge of alleviating potassium limitation in major cropping systems of Southeast Asia
Authors: Grassini Patricio , Rizzo Gonzalo , Agus Fahmuddin , Susanti Zuziana , Buresh Roland , Cassman Kenneth , Dobermann Achim , Agustiani Nurwulan , Aristya Vina , Batubara Siti , Istiqomah Nurul , Oberthür Thomas , Pasuquin Julie , Samijan . , Witt Christian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Potassium (K) has received less attention than nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) as a potential yield-limiting factor in cropping systems. Here we investigated the current K limitation in intensive cereal cropping systems of Southeast Asia based on nutrient balances, leaf nutrient status, long- and short-term fertilizer trials, and farmer surveys. We found that soil K alone cannot meet plant requirements and current fertilizer application is insufficient to avoid plant K deficiencies and large negative soil K balances in farmer fields. Removing the K limitation requires improved capacity to predict response to K fertilizer together with long-term, flexible fertilizer and crop straw management strategies. It is likely that similar K limitations have emerged in other world regions as a result of decades of intensive cropping with insufficient replenishment of potassium, which represent headwinds to closing yield gaps on existing farmland.
Biogeographic limits of C4 engineered rice
Authors: Marshall Michael , Haridasan Deepak , V Florencio Campomanes , Tol Christiaan van der , Vrieling Anton , Tu Kevin , Zhang Lilin , Nelson Andrew 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Genetic engineers are attempting to meet increased global food demand by rewiring the pathway crops take to convert sunlight and carbon dioxide (CO2) into yield. Most crops use the C3 pathway. C4 photosynthesis uses a biological pump that concentrates CO2, which makes it less resource demanding than C3 photosynthesis. C4 photosynthesis however uses more energy than C3 photosynthesis, so the advantage of C4 crops diminishes as atmospheric CO2 concentrations increase and temperatures decrease. By estimating the trade-off between traditional C3 and engineered C4 rice, we show C4 rice benefits less productive countries in the tropics rather than the largest producers (China, India). These geographic variations in productivity gains diminish under higher CO2 concentrations and coincide with the likely commercial release of C4 rice. Therefore, C4 rice will have little advantage in terms of productivity over C3 rice without global climate change mitigation. The findings agree with previous studies that projected declines in C4 grasses as CO2 concentrations increase despite the compensating effects of global warming. Researchers are exploring other yield improvement technologies—the benefits of which are also tied to climatic niches that change over time. Determining the limits of these technologies requires the biogeographic approach adopted in our study.
Association between blood chloride levels and 30-day mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit after coronary artery bypass grafting: analysis of data from MIMIC-IV database
Authors: Yan Jumin , Zhao Liang , Lin Hongqi , Yang Jianjun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) often experience abnormal levels of blood chloride. This study primarily aims to evaluate the association between blood-Cl–-levels and the likelihood of 30-day mortality in this cohort. The authors hypothesized that abnormal blood-Cl–-levels would increase 30-day mortality in these patients.
Methods: The dataset for this research consists of patients who were over the age of 18 and underwent CABG procedures at two renowned establishments in the United States. These institutions are Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, located in Boston, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, situated in Cambridge. The data used in this retrospective cohort study spanned from 2008 to 2019 and were derived from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) database. Based on the tertiles of blood-Cl–-levels, the participants were divided into Q1, Q2, and Q3 groups. To investigate the association between blood-Cl–-levels and 30-day mortality, several statistical models were used, including a generalized additive model (GAM), restricted cubic spines (RCS), and a two-piecewise linear regression model. The 30-day mortality rates of the three groups were depicted using Kaplan–Meier (K–M) curves. Additionally, we employed multivariable logistic regression models to account for any potential known confounding factors.
Results: Finally, in total, 5224 patients (mean age, 68.8 years; 77% male; 65.9% > 65 years of age) entered the analysis. The rates of 30-day mortality in Q1, Q2, and Q3 groups were 2.8%, 0.9%, and 1.0%, respectively (p < 0.001). After adjusting for all latent known covariates, patients in the lower tertile exhibited an increased 30-day mortality risk (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.75 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.32–5.73]; p = 0.017). The study concluded a nonlinear association between blood-Cl–-level and 30-day mortality, with a threshold at approximately 107.0 mmol/L. The effect sizes and their corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) below and above the threshold were as follows: 0.77 (0.67–0.87) and 1.15 (0.83–1.6), respectively.
Conclusion: A nonlinear correlation was observed between the blood-Cl–-levels and the mortality rate within 30 days among patients admitted to the ICU following CABG procedures. Elevated and reduced blood-Cl–-levels were linked to higher rates of 30-day mortality, particularly when Cl– fell below the threshold of 107.0 mmol/L.
The Impact of Vascular Margin Invasion on Local Recurrence After Pancreatoduodenectomy in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: López Julio Cuesta , Ielpo Benedetto , Pinilla Fernando Burdío , Sánchez-Velázquez Patricia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
PURPOSE: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PADC) still has
nowadays a very impaired long-term survival. Most studies are
focused on overall survival, however local recurrence occurs about
20% of cases and seems to be highly related with margin resection
status and therefore with surgical performance. We aim to analyze
the impact of vascular resection margins on local recurrence (LR)
and to assess its impact on overall and disease-free survival.

METHODS: Eighty out of 191 patients who underwent
pancreatoduodenectomy in a university Hospital between 2006 and
2021 with PDAC diagnosis were analyzed and vascular margin status
specifically addressed. Univariate and multivariate were performed.
Time to LR was compared by using the Kaplan-Meier method and
prognostic factors assessed using Cox regression hazards
model.

RESULTS: LR appeared in 10 (50%) of the overall R1 resections
in the venous margin and 9 (60%) in the arterial one. Time to LR
was significantly shorter when any margin was overall affected
(23.2 vs 44.7 months, p=0.01) and specifically in the arterial
margin involvement (13.7 vs 32.1 months, p=0.009). Overall R1
resections (HR: 2.61, p=0.013) and a positive arterial margin (HR:
2.84, p=0.012) were associated with local recurrence on univariate
analysis, whereas arterial positive margin remained significant on
multivariate analysis (HR: 2.70, p=0.031).

CONCLUSIONS: Arterial margin invasion is correlated in our
cohort with local recurrence. Given the limited ability to modify
this margin intraoperatively, preoperative therapies should be
considered to improve local margin clearance.
PBL methods combined with WeChat as a platform in ophthalmologic teaching in China
Authors: Fang Fang , Bu Bing , Jiang Wenmin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aims
This study tries to evaluate the effectiveness of problem based learning (PBL) combined with WeChat applied to Chinese undergraduate medical students, compared to traditional teaching.
Methods
One hundred and eight undergraduate students who had passed the National Entrance Examination were included in the study. Students were placed into six groups of 18 students using a random number table, and the new teaching methods were tested outside their regular class time. Three groups were randomly selected to receive PBL with the WeChat as the platform, while the remaining three groups received conventional teaching.
Results
The total scores were not significantly different between the PBL group and the traditional teaching group, but the memory scores were higher in the traditional teaching group than in the PBL group, with a statistical difference.
Conclusion
Compare to conventional teaching, PBL has changed the single teacher's "cramming education" model by enabling students to learn more actively.
Technical Considerations for Vascularized Omental Lymph Node Transfer for Advanced-stage Breast Cancer-related Lymphedema
Authors: Myung Yujin , Choi Nakwon , Ahn Sang Hoon , Hayashi Akitatsu , Park Joseph Kyu-hyung , Nam Sun-Young , Pramanasari Rachmaniar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) is a promising surgical treatment for advanced-stage cancer-related lymphedema. However, the morbidity associated with the donor site should be carefully considered. Our study demonstrated that using the omentum for VLNT can be an effective and less invasive surgical approach, leading to favorable outcomes. All patients in our study presented with breast cancer-related lymphedema at stage IIb or higher and were scheduled to undergo VLNT surgery. A single-port laparoscopic approach was used to harvest the omental lymph node flap based on the right gastroepiploic artery. The flap was then inset toward lymphatic flow, with additional lymphatic connections made to the recipient vein. None of the patients had major operative complications or reoperation due to surgical site issues. Compared with preoperative measurements, the mean limb volume difference decreased from 25% to 17% at 12 months after the surgery. In contrast, the difference in interlimb impedance ratio measured by bioimpedance analysis decreased from an average of 1.63 to 1.25. The Lymph-Q questionnaire revealed a significant reduction in patients’ discomfort related to lymphedema. Using an omental lymph node flap for VLNT surgery is a promising approach that can provide patients with effective results while minimizing the risk associated with the procedure. This method can particularly benefit patients with advanced-stage lymphedema with limited treatment options.
Study on the diagnostic value of BNLF2b in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: tan liyuan , li fugui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction：Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is mostly associated with EBV infection, which often leads to poor prognosis and a high mortality rate of NPC patients due to the high susceptibility of NPC cells to local infiltration of lymph nodes and distant metastasis.
Methods： This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum BNLF2b for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. A total of 318 patients (male-to-female ratio: 200:118) were selected to attend the Zhongshan People's Hospital from December 2021 to May 2023, including 152 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients, 71 healthy subjects in the physical examination center and 95 nasopharyngitis patients.Elbow venous blood was collected from all of patients, and the content of BNLF2b was determined after quantitative serum extraction.The diagnostic value of serum BNLF2b for nasopharyngeal carcinoma was analyzed using the subject's work characteristics (ROC) curve, and logistic two-factor regression analysis was used to predict the ROC curves of the risk factors for the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by the combined diagnosis of multiple indicators.
Results：we found that serum BNLF2b was significantly and positively correlated with EBV-DNA, nasopharyngeal carcinoma stage, IL-6, and IL-10. Serum BNLF2b was highly efficient in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal cancer, with an AUC of 0.92, a sensitivity of 99%, and a specificity of 93%. In addition, in the diagnosis of early nasopharyngeal carcinoma, serum BNLF2 had an AUC of 0.97, a sensitivity of 100%, and a specificity of 97%.
Conclusion： BNLF2b is a feasible new serum biomarker for diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.