bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-transplantation of neural stem cells and Schwann cells within poly (L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffolds facilitates axonal regeneration in hemisected rat spinal cord
Authors: XIA Lei , WAN Hong , HAO Shu-yu , LI De-zhi , CHEN Gang , GAO Chuan-chuan , LI Jun-hua , YANG Fei , WANG Shen-guo , LIU Song 
Published: January 2024

Background
Various tissue engineering strategies have been developed to facilitate axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury. This study aimed to investigate whether neural stem cells (NSCs) could survive in poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds and, when cografted with Schwann cells (SCs), could be induced to differentiate towards neurons which form synaptic connection and eventually facilitate axonal regeneration and myelination and motor function.

Methods
NSCs and SCs which were seeded within the directional PLGA scaffolds were implanted in hemisected adult rat spinal cord. Control rats were similarly injured and implanted of scaffolds with or without NSCs. Survival, migration, differentiation, synaptic formation of NSCs, axonal regeneration and myelination and motor function were analyzed. Student's t test was used to determine differences in surviving percentage of NSCs. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the differences in the number of axons myelinated in the scaffolds, the mean latency and amplitude of cortical motor evoked potentials (CMEPs) and Basso, Beattie & Bresnahan locomotor rating scale (BBB) score. The χ
2 test was used to determine the differences in recovery percentage of CMEPs.

Results
NSCs survived, but the majority migrated into adjacent host cord and died mostly. Survival rate of NSCs with SCs was higher than that of NSCs without SCs ((1.7831±0.0402)% vs. (1.4911±0.0313)%, P <0.001). Cografted with SCs, NSCs were induced to differentiate towards neurons and might form synaptic connection. The mean number of myelinated axons in PLGA+NSCs+SCs group was more than that in PLGA+NSCs group and in PLGA group ((110.25±30.46) vs. (18.25±3.30) and (11.25±5.54), P <0.01). The percentage of CMEPs recovery in PLGA+NSCs+SCs group was higher than in the other groups (84.8% vs. 50.0% and 37.5%, P <0.05). The amplitude of CMEPs in PLGA+NSCs+SCs group was higher than in the other groups ((1452.63±331.70) μV vs. (428.84±193.01) μV and (117.33±14.40) μV, P <0.05). Ipsilateral retransection resulted in disappearance again and functional loss of CMEPs for a few days. But contralateral retransection completely damaged the bilateral motor function.

Conclusions
NSCs can survive in PLGA scaffolds, and SCs promote NSCs to survive and differentiate towards neurons in vivo which even might form synaptic connection. The scaffolds seeded with cells facilitate axonal regeneration and myelination and motor function recovery. But regenerating axons have limited contribution to motor function recovery.
Major risk-stratification models fail to predict outcomes in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease undergoing simultaneous hybrid procedure
Authors: WANG Hao-ran , ZHENG Zhe , XIONG Hui , XU Bo , LI Li-huan , GAO Run-lin , HU Sheng-shou 
Published: January 2024

Background
The hybrid procedure for coronary heart disease combines minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and is an alternative to revascularization treatment. We sought to assess the predictive value of four risk-stratification models for risk assessment of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in patients with multivessel disease undergoing hybrid coronary revascularization.

Methods
The data of 120 patients were retrospectively collected and the SYNTAX score, EuroSCORE, SinoSCORE and the Global Risk Classification (GRC) calculated for each patient. The outcomes of interest were 2.7-year incidences of MACCE, including death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and any-vessel revascularization.

Results
During a mean of 2.7-year follow-up, actuarial survival was 99.17%, and no myocardial infarctions occurred. The discriminatory power (area under curve (AUC)) of the SYNTAX score, EuroSCORE, SinoSCORE and GRC for 2.7-year MACCE was 0.60 (95% confidence interval 0.42-0.77), 0.65 (0.47-0.82), 0.57 (0.39-0.75) and 0.65 (0.46-0.83), respectively. The calibration characteristics of the SYNTAX score, EuroSCORE, SinoSCORE and GRC were 3.92 (P=0.86), 5.39 (P=0.37), 13.81 (P=0.32) and 0.02 (P=0.89), respectively.

Conclusions
In patients with multivessel disease undergoing a hybrid procedure, the SYNTAX score, EuroSCORE, SinoSCORE and GRC were inaccurate in predicting MACCE. Modifying risk-stratification models to improve the predictive value for a hybrid procedure is needed.
Idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system in patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a retrospective analysis of incidence, risk factors and survival
Authors: Zhang Xiao-hui , Huang Xiao-jun , Liu Kai-yan , Xu Lan-ping , Liu Dai-hong , Chen Huan , Han Wei , Chen Yu-hong , Wang Feng-rong , Wang Jing-zhi , Wang Yu , Zhao Ting , Chen Yao , Fu Hai-xia , Wang Min 
Published: January 2024

Background
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a curative therapy for many hematological diseases, but there are many complications following allo-HSCT, among which neurological complications (NC) are one of the most commonly described ones. However, little is known about idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IIDDs) of the central nervous system (CNS) in patients following allo-HSCT.

Methods
A nested case-control study was conducted in a large cohort of 1365 patients, who underwent allo-HSCT at the Institute of Hematology and Peking University People's Hospital, between January 2004 and December 2009, 36 patients of whom developed CNS IIDDs. Kaplan-Meier method, univariate and multivariate Cox regression were applied in our statistical analysis using SPSS 16.0.

Results
The cumulative incidence of all cases of IIDDs at 6 years posttransplantation was 3.6%. Thirty-five patients (97.2%) suffered IIDDs after transplantation, 16 patients (44.4%) between day 0 to day 100 post-transplantation, 10 patients (27.8%) between day 100 to 1 year post-transplantation, and 9 patients (25.0%) 1 year post-transplantation. Multivariate regression analysis identified donor type (P=0.031), infection (P=0.009), and acute lymphatic leukemia (P=0.017) as independent risk factors for posttransplantation IIDDs. The median survival time of patients with IIDDs was 514 days after transplantation (95% CI: 223:805). Survival at 6 years was significantly lower in patients who developed the diseases compared to those who did not (26.6% vs. 73.5%, P <0.001). Of the 36 patients experiencing IIDDs, 58.3% (n=21) died. The causes of death were graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) (n=4), underlying disease relapse (n=3), infections (n=12), and other causes (n=2).

Conclusions
IIDDs is an uncommon but serious complication of allo-HSCT, especially in patients with a primary diagnosis of acute lymphatic leukemia, mismatched transplants, and infections. Our study results indicate that patients with IIDDs tend toward a poor prognosis following allo-HSCT.
Robotic anterior resection of rectal cancer: technique and early outcome
Authors: DU Xiao-hui , SHEN Di , LI Rong , LI Song-yan , NING Ning , ZHAO Yun-shan , ZOU Zhen-yu , LIU Na 
Published: January 2024

Background
The Da Vinci system is a newly developed device for colorectal surgery. With advanced stereoscopic vision, lack of tremor, and the ability to rotate the instruments surgeons find that robotic systems are ideal laparoscopic tools. Since conventional laparoscopic total mesorectal excision is a challenging procedure, we have sought to assess the utility of the Da Vinci robotic system in anterior resections for rectal cancer.

Methods
Between November 2010 and December 2011, a total of 22 patients affected by rectal cancer were operated on with robotic technique, using the Da Vinci robot. Data regarding the outcome and pathology reports were prospectively collected in a dedicated database.

Results
There were no conversions to open surgery and no postoperative mortality of any patient. Mean operative time was (220±46) minutes (range, 152-286 minutes). The median number of lymph nodes harvested was (14.6±6.5) (range, 8-32), and the circumferential margin was negative in all cases. The distal margin was (2.6±1.2) cm (range, 1.0-5.5 cm). The mean length of hospital stay was (7.8±2.6) days (range, 7.0-13.0 days). Macroscopic grading of the specimen was complete in 19 cases and nearly complete in three patients.

Conclusions
Robotic anterior resection for rectal surgery is safe and feasible in experienced hands. Outcome and pathology findings are comparable with those observed in open and laparoscopy procedures. This technique may facilitate minimally invasive radical rectal surgery.
Dynesys dynamic stabilization system for the lumbar degenerative disease: a preliminary report from China
Authors: LI Hai-Peng , LI Fang , GUAN Kai , ZHAO Guang-Ming , SHAN Jian-Lin , SUN Tian-Sheng 
Published: January 2024

Background
Dynesys dynamic stabilization system was first implanted in patients in 1994, and introduced to China in 2007. Therefore, it was a new technique for Chinese orthopedics and hence necessary to collect clinical data about Dynesys in China. The objective of this study was to report the preliminary results of Dynesys for the lumbar degenerative disease in China.

Methods
Twenty-seven patients were treated with the Dynesys between July 2007 and January 2009. The diagnosis included degenerative spondylolisthesis (12 cases), degenerative spinal stenosis (nine cases), and lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (six cases). Back pain and leg pain were evaluated using 100-mm visual analog scales (VAS). The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was used to evaluate the patients' function. The intervertebral disc height and range of motion at the operative level were taken on radiographs.

Results
All the patients were followed-up, with an average of (22.40±4.23) months (range 15-32 months). VAS of back pain and leg pain were improved significantly (P <0.05) at follow-up. The ODI scores were reduced from (62.58±12.01)% preoperatively to (15.01±5.71)% at follow-up (P <0.05). The preoperative mean height of the intervertebral disc was (11.21±1.58) mm (range 8.5-13.8 mm) and mean was (10.10±1.78) mm (range 7.0-13.4 mm) at follow-up (P <0.05). The mean range of motion of the implanted segment was (6.00±1.79)° (range 2.5-9.3°) preoperatively and (5.47±1.27)° (range 2.9-7.8°) at follow-up (P=0.11).

Conclusions
The preliminary results of Dynesys for the lumbar degenerative disease in China are similar to the published results of other countries. It can significantly improve the clinic symptoms and preserved motion at the level of implantation. However, the long-term follow-up data need to be collected.
Changes in microRNAs expression are involved in age-related atrial structural remodeling and atrial fibrillation
Authors: XU Guo-jun , GAN Tian-yi , TANG Bao-peng , CHEN Zu-heng , Mahemuti Ailiman , ZHOU Xian-hui , JIANG Tao , SONG Jian-guo , GUO Xia , LI Yao-dong , MIAO Hai-jun , ZHANG Yu , LI Jin-xin 
Published: January 2024

Background
Small noncoding microRNAs regulate gene expression in cardiac development and disease and have been implicated in the aging process and in the regulation of extracellular matrix proteins. However, their role in age-related cardiac remodeling and atrial fibrillation (AF) was not well understood. The present study was designed to decipher molecular mechanisms underlying age-related atrial structural remodeling and AF.

Methods
Three groups of dogs were studied: adult and aged dogs in sinus rhythm and with persistent AF induced by rapid atrial pacing. The expressions of microRNAs were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Pathohistological and ultrastructural changes were tested by light and electron microscopy. Apoptosis index of myocytes was detected by TUNEL.

Results
Samples of atrial tissue showed the abnormal pathohistological and ultrastructural changes, the accelerated fibrosis, and apoptosis with aging and/or in AF dogs. Compared to the adult group, the expressions of microRNAs-21 and -29 were significantly increased, whereas the expressions of microRNAs-1 and -133 showed obvious downregulation tendency in the aged group. Compared to the aged group, the expressions of microRNAs-1, -21, and -29 was significantly increased in the old group in AF; contrastingly, the expressions of microRNA-133 showed obvious downregulation tendency.

Conclusion
These multiple aberrantly expressed microRNAs may be responsible for modulating the transition from adaptation to pathological atrial remodeling with aging and/or in AF.
Association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer: the missing link
Authors: WANG Zeng-li 
Published: January 2024

Objective
This review focuses on current knowledge of specific processes that drive chronic airway inflammation which are important in the pathogenesis of both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer.

Data sources
The data used in this review were obtained mainly from studies reported in the PubMed database (1997-2012) using the terms of COPD and lung cancer.

Study selection
Data from published articles about prevalence of COPD-lung cancer overlap and mechanism involved in lung cancer development in COPD were identified, retrieved and reviewed.

Results
COPD prevalence, morbidity and mortality vary and are directly related to the prevalence of tobacco smoking except in developing countries where air pollution resulting from the burning of biomass fuels is also important. COPD is characterized by a chronic inflammation of lower airway and, importantly, the presence of COPD increases the risk of lung cancer up to 4.5 fold among long-term smokers. COPD is by far the greatest risk factor for lung cancer amongst smokers and is found in 50%-90% of patients with lung cancer.

Conclusions
Both COPD and lung cancer are tobacco smoking-associated chronic diseases that cluster in families and aggravate with age, and 50%-70% of patients diagnosed with lung cancer have declined spirometric evidence of COPD. Understanding and targeting common pathogenic mechanisms for lung cancer and COPD would have potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications for patients with these lung diseases and for people at risk.
Value of a virtual hepatic segment model in assisting in the ultrasonic localization of intrahepatic lesions
Authors: CHENG Guo , GUO Yan-li , ZHONG Chun-yan , TAN Li-wen , ZHANG Shao-xiang 
Published: January 2024

Background
During scanning of the right hypochondrium and right intercostal regions with an ultrasonic transducer, several ultrasonic images of oblique sections are obtained. It is still a challenge for ultrasonography to divide these non-conventional sections into an accurate hepatic segmentation pattern. The aim of this research was to investigate the value of the virtual hepatic segment model (VHSM) in assisting the ultrasonic localization of space-occupying hepatic lesions.

Methods
VHSM was constructed via 3D reconstruction according to the first Chinese visible human dataset. Preoperative ultrasonography, contrast-enhanced CT scan and VHSM techniques were performed in 100 patients with space-occupying focal lesions in the liver parenchyma for segmental localization. The results of these three techniques were compared with the operative findings.

Results
VHSM was successfully detected on 2D sectional images by 3D reconstruction through surface rendering and volume rendering. The model could simulate ultrasonic directions to conduct a virtual dissection on any section plane, and fine liver segmentation could be displayed in any virtual plane. In 100 patients, there were 112 liver space-occupying focal lesions distributed in 148 liver segmentations. Regarding the positioning accuracies for lesions of different sizes and the lesion segmental distribution accuracies estimated using the three methods mentioned above, ultrasonography exhibited a significantly lower accuracy than VHSM for the segmental localization of lesions (P <0.05), and contrast-enhanced CT was not significantly different from ultrasonography plus VHSM (P >0.05).

Conclusion
VHSM increased the accuracy of ultrasonic localization of space-occupying hepatic lesions, particularly in hepatic hypovascular regions.
Role of paxillin in colorectal carcinoma and its relationship to clinicopathological features
Authors: Hongfang Yin , Quanwen Zhang , Xin Wang , Ting Li , Yuanlian Wan , Yucun Liu , Jing Zhu 
Published: January 2024

Background
Colorectal carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors. Despite advances in therapy, mortality is still very high. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of paxillin in the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line SW480 and its role in cell cycle and apoptosis. We also investigated the expression of paxillin in colorectal carcinoma tissues and its relationship to clinicopathological features and survival.

Methods
Paxillin short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was constructed and transfected into the colon adenocarcinoma cell line SW480. The influence of paxillin shRNA on the cell cycle and cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to assess the expression of paxillin and its association with the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, p53 and Bcl-2 in 102 patients with primary colorectal carcinoma. Western blotting was also used to investigate the expression of paxillin. Medical records were reviewed and a clinicopathological analysis was performed.

Results

In vitro, the percentage of cells in S phase was (45.23±1.05)%, (43.53±1.23)%, and (36.13±0.57)% in the blank control group, negative control group, and paxillin shRNA group respectively. It was significantly decreased in the paxillin shRNA group (P=0.000). The early apoptosis index of the paxillin shRNA group (17.2±1.18%) was significantly increased compared to the control shRNA group ((13.17±1.15)%, P=0.013). Paxillin was positive in 71 (69.6%) patients, and it was found to be overexpressed in tumor tissues compared with normal adjacent tissues. Paxillin positive rate was higher in patients who are less than 50-years old (100.0% vs. 65.6%, P=0.016). Paxillin expression was associated with a high histologic grade of carcinoma (81.4% vs. 61.0%, P=0.031), a high rate of regional lymph node metastasis (22.5% vs. 13.0%, P=0.031), mesenteric artery lymph node metastasis (100.0% vs. 64.8%, P=0.008), distant metastasis (94.1% vs. 64.7%, P=0.016) and a high Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stage (94.1%, 73.2%, 60.0%, and 50%, P=0.030). Multivariate analyses revealed that recurrence was associated with the rate of regional lymph node metastasis (P=0.001) and paxillin expression (P=0.024). Multivariate analysis indicated that the overall survival is related to the TNM stage (P=0.000).

Conclusions

In vitro, paxillin may promote cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis in SW480 cells. Paxillin may be a potential metastasis predictor, and an independent prognosis factor of recurrence. It may also be related to poor patient outcomes, but was not an independent predictor of survival.
Impact of primary percutaneous coronary intervention on blood perfusion in nonculprit artery in patients with anterior ST elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: WANG Jian , LIU Jing-hua , ZHENG Bin , ZHANG Ming , WANG Shao-ping , ZHENG Ze 
Published: January 2024

Background
Recent studies have demonstrated that epicardial flow in nonculprit arteries, which has been assumed to be normal, was slowed in the setting of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the impact of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on blood perfusion in nonculprit arteries in patients with STEMI has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of primary PCI on blood perfusion in nonculprit arteries in patients with STEMI and correlated clinical factors.

Methods
A total of 117 patients with anterior wall STEMI, the culprit artery being the left anterior descending artery (LAD), undergoing primary PCI (the study group) and 100 patients with normal coronary angiography (the control group) were enrolled. To observe the differences of corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC) and myocardial blush grade (MBG) before and after primary PCI in both culprit and nonculprit arteries, the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX), cTFC and MBG in the LAD and LCX were measured in the study group and control group. The study group was divided into three groups; reflow in the culprit artery group (the R group), no reflow in culprit artery group (the NR group), and no reflow in both the culprit artery and nonculprit artery group (the NRB group) according to MBG grade. The level of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), catecholamine, and fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21) were assayed. The clinical and angiographic characteristics were also analyzed.

Results
cTFC (28.1±24.3 vs. 20.3±19.3, P <0.05) and MBG in the LCX were different in the study group compared to the control group before primary PCI. cTFC (25.2±22.3 vs. 28.1±24.3, P <0.05) and the MBG level in the LCX were improved after successful primary PCI, but were not recovered to the normal level. Patients with no reflow in the culprit artery had a higher incidence of no-reflow in the nonculprit artery (78% vs. 19%, P <0.0001), and the levels of CRP ((3.29±1.31) mg/dl vs. (2.51±1.14) mg/dl vs. (2.93±1.07) mg/dl, P <0.05, respectively), catecholamine ((epinephrine (693.48±89.78) pg/ml vs. (398.12±93.28) pg/ml vs. (562.54±96.22) pg/ml, P <0.0001, respectively), and norepinephrine ((7012.43±932.47) pg/ml vs. (4012.34±814.16) pg/ml vs. (5549.03±912.65) pg/ml, P <0.0001, respectively)) in the NRB group were higher than those in the R group and NR group. The level of FGF21 ((0.299±0.093) ng/ml vs. (0.612±0.071) ng/ml vs. (0.428±0.074) ng/ml, P <0.0001 respectively) in the NRB group was lower than that in the R group and NR group.

Conclusions
The blood perfusion in the nonculprit artery may be impaired in patients with STEMI. Although nonculprit artery perfusion may be improved after successful primary PCI, it is still lower than that in the control group, and may be involved in inflammation and spasms.