bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrinsic self-organization of integrin nanoclusters within focal adhesions is required for cellular mechanotransduction
Authors: Jain Kashish , Lim Kyna Yu En , Sheetz Michael P. , Kanchanawong Pakorn , Changede Rishita 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUpon interaction with the extracellular matrix, the integrin receptors form nanoclusters as a first biochemical response to ligand binding. Here, we uncover a critical biodesign principle where these nanoclusters are spatially self-organized, facilitating effective mechanotransduction. Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (MEFs) with integrin β3 nanoclusters organized themselves with an intercluster distance of ∼550 nm on uniformly coated fibronectin substrates, leading to larger focal adhesions. We determined that this spatial organization was driven by cell-intrinsic factors since there was no pre-existing pattern on the substrates. Altering this spatial organization using cyclo-RGD functionalized Titanium nanodiscs (of 100 nm, corroborating to the integrin nanocluster size) spaced at intervals of 300 nm (almost half), 600 nm (normal) or 1000 nm (almost double) resulted in abrogation in mechanotransduction, indicating that a new parameter i.e., an optimal intercluster distance is necessary for downstream function. Overexpression of α-actinin, which induces a kink in the integrin tail, disrupted the establishment of the optimal intercluster distance, while simultaneous co-overexpression of talin head with α-actinin rescued it, indicating a concentration-dependent competition, and that cytoplasmic activation of integrin by talin head is required for the optimal intercluster organization. Additionally, talin head-mediated recruitment of FHOD1 that facilitates local actin polymerization at nanoclusters, and actomyosin contractility were also crucial for establishing the optimal intercluster distance and a robust mechanotransduction response. These findings demonstrate that cell-intrinsic machinery plays a vital role in organizing integrin receptor nanoclusters within focal adhesions, encoding essential information for downstream mechanotransduction signalling.
The Role of Labile Iron on Brain Proteostasis; Could it be an Early Event of Neurodegenerative Disease?
Authors: Kittilukkana Aiyarin , Intakhat Jannarong , Pilapong Chalermchai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIron deposits in the brain are a natural consequence of aging. Iron accumulation, especially in the form of labile iron, can trigger a cascade of adverse effects, eventually leading to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Aging also increases the dysfunction of cellular proteostasis. The question of whether iron alters proteostasis is now being pondered. Herein, we investigated the effect of ferric citrate, considered as labile iron, on various aspects of proteostasis of neuronal cell lines, and also established an animal model having a labile iron diet in order to evaluate proteostasis alteration in the brain along with behavioral effects. According to anin vitrostudy, labile iron was found to activate lysosome formation but inhibits lysosomal clearance function. Furthermore, the presence of labile iron can alter autophagic flux and can also induce the accumulation of protein aggregates. RNA-sequencing analysis further reveals the upregulation of various terms related to proteostasis along with neurodegenerative disease-related terms. According to an in vivo study, a labile iron-rich diet does not induce iron overload conditions and was not detrimental to the behavior of male Wistar rats. However, an iron-rich diet can promote iron accumulation in a region-dependent manner, particularly in the cortex. By staining for autophagic markers and misfolding proteins in the cerebral cortex, the iron-rich diet was actually found to alter autophagy and induce an accumulation of misfolding proteins. These findings emphasize the importance of labile iron on brain cell proteostasis, which could be implicated in developing of neurological diseases.Graphical abstract
Dissecting Mismatch Negativity: Early and Late Subcomponents for Detecting Deviants in Local and Global Sequence Regularities
Authors: Huang Yiyuan Teresa , Wu Chien-Te , Koike Shinsuke , Chao Zenas C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMismatch negativity (MMN) is commonly recognized as a neural signal of prediction error evoked by deviants in the expected pattern of sensory input. Studies show that MMN diminishes when a sequence pattern becomes more predictable over a longer timescale. This implies that MMN is comprised of multiple subcomponents, each responding to different levels of temporal regularities. To probe the hypothesized subcomponents in MMN, we record human electroencephalography during an auditory local-global oddball paradigm where the tone-to-tone transition probability (local regularity) and the overall sequence probability (global regularity) are manipulated to control temporal predictabilities at two hierarchical levels. We find that the size of MMN is correlated with both probabilities and the spatiotemporal structure of MMN can be decomposed into two distinct subcomponents. Both subcomponents appear as negative waveforms which peak early in the central-frontal area and late in a more frontal area, respectively. With a quantitative predictive coding model, we map the early and late subcomponents to the prediction errors that are tied to local and global regularities, respectively. Our study highlights the hierarchical complexity of MMN and offers an experimental and analytical platform for developing a multi-tiered neural marker, applicable in clinical settings.
Horizontally transferred cell-free chromatin particles function as autonomous “predatory” genomes and vehicles for transposable elements within host cells
Authors: Banerjee Soumita , Shende Soniya , Kata Laxmi , Lopes Relestina , Praveen Swathika , Joshi Ruchi , Khare Naveen Kumar , Raghuram Gorantla V , Shabrish Snehal , Mittra Indraneel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHorizontal gene transfer (HGT) plays an important evolutionary role in prokaryotes, but its role in mammals is poorly defined. We previously reported that cell-free chromatin particles (cfChPs) - chromosomal fragments released from the billions of dying cells - that circulate in human blood are horizontally transferred to healthy cells with biological effects. However, the underlying mechanism and function of these effects remained unclear. We treated NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts cells with cfChPs isolated from human serum and serially passaged the cells. The intracellular activities of cfChPs were analysed using chromatin fibre fluorography, cytogenetic analysis, immuno-fluorescence and fluorescentin situhybridisation. We discovered that the internalised cfChPs comprising of widely disparate DNA sequences had randomly combined to form complex concatemers some of which were ostensibly multi-mega base pairs in size. The concatemers exhibited variable and bizarre spatial relationships with the host cell interphase DNA with many remaining in the cytoplasm and others aligning themselves with the mouse chromosomal DNA. The concatemers performed many functions attributable to the nuclear genome. They could replicate, synthesise RNA, RNA polymerase, ribosomal RNA, ribosomal proteins, and numerous other human proteins within the mouse cells which manifested as complex multi-peptide fusion proteins. The concatemers harboured human LINE-1 andAluelements which markedly amplified themselves and increased their copy number with time in culture and exhibited the potential to rearrange themselves within the mouse genome. These findings lead us to hypothesise that a cell simultaneously harbours two genome forms that function autonomously: one that is inherited (hereditary genome) and numerous others that are acquired (predatory genomes). The presence of predatory genomes has evolutionary implications given their ability to generate a plethora of novel proteins and to serve as vehicles for transposable elements. Finally, our results suggest that HGT occurs in mammalian cells on a massive scale via the medium of cfChPs that have undergone extensive and complex modifications resulting in their behaviour as “foreign” genetic elements.Video Abstracthttps://drive.google.com/file/d/1SHNBwUhZPlgRlLFtt-dmnxQef0PsrA3F/view?usp=sharing
SUBTHALAMIC HIGH-FREQUENCY DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION REDUCES ADDICTION-LIKE ALCOHOL USE AND SUPPRESSES THE OVERCONSUMPTION INDUCED BY THE PEER’S PRESENCE
Authors: Vignal Lucie , Vielle Cassandre , Williams Maya , Maurice Nicolas , Degoulet Mickael , Baunez Christelle 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRationalThe immediate social context significantly influences alcohol consumption in humans. Recent studies have revealed that peer presence could modulate drugs use in rats. The most efficient condition to reduce cocaine intake is the presence of a stranger peer, naive to drugs. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the Subthalamic Nucleus (STN), which was shown to have beneficial effects on addiction to cocaine or alcohol, also modulate the protective influence of peer’s presence on cocaine use.ObjectivesThis study aimed to: 1) explore how the presence of an alcohol-naive stranger peer affects recreational and escalated alcohol intake, and 2) assess the involvement of STN on alcohol use and in the modulation induced by the presence of an alcohol-naïve stranger peer.MethodsRats with STN DBS and control animals self-administered 10% (v/v) ethanol in presence, or absence, of an alcohol-naive stranger peer, before and after escalation of ethanol intake (observed after intermittent alcohol (20% (v/v) ethanol) access).ResultsNeither STN DBS nor the presence of an alcohol-naive stranger peer modulated significantly recreational alcohol intake. After the escalation procedure, STN DBS gradually reduced ethanol consumption. The presence of an alcohol-naive stranger peer increased consumption only in low drinkers, which effect was suppressed by STN DBS.ConclusionsThese results highlight the influence of a peer’s presence on escalated alcohol intake, and confirm the role of STN in addiction-like alcohol intake and in the social influence on drug consumption.
Together, we travel: empirical insights on human-robot collaborative order picking for retail warehousing
Authors: Koreis Jonas , Loske Dominic , Klumpp Matthias 
Published: November 2023

PurposeIncreasing personnel costs and labour shortages have pushed retailers to give increasing attention to their intralogistics operations. We study hybrid order picking systems, in which humans and robots share work time, workspace and objectives and are in permanent contact. This necessitates a collaboration of humans and their mechanical coworkers (cobots).Design/methodology/approachThrough a longitudinal case study on individual-level technology adaption, we accompanied a pilot testing of an industrial truck that automatically follows order pickers in their travel direction. Grounded on empirical field research and a unique large-scale data set comprising N = 2,086,260 storage location visits, where N = 57,239 storage location visits were performed in a hybrid setting and N = 2,029,021 in a manual setting, we applied a multilevel model to estimate the impact of this cobot settings on task performance.FindingsWe show that cobot settings can reduce the time required for picking tasks by as much as 33.57%. Furthermore, practical factors such as product weight, pick density and travel distance mitigate this effect, suggesting that cobots are especially beneficial for short-distance orders.Originality/valueGiven that the literature on hybrid order picking systems has primarily applied simulation approaches, the study is among the first to provide empirical evidence from a real-world setting. The results are discussed from the perspective of Industry 5.0 and can prevent managers from making investment decisions into ineffective robotic technology.
Audit committee characteristics, external audit quality, board diversity and firm performance: evidence from SAARC nation
Authors: Kalita Niva , Tiwari Reshma Kumari 
Published: November 2023

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between three corporate governance (CG) idiosyncrasies, namely audit committee characteristics, external audit quality (AQ), board diversity and firm performance (FP) in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) nations.Design/methodology/approach The study used a sample of 200 listed nonfinancial firms in the SAARC nations from 2012 to 2021. The System Generalized Method of Moment model was applied to the data consisting of 2000 firm-year observations. The Generalized Estimating Equation population-averaged model was also employed for added robustness. The study employed Tobin's Q as the measure of FP.Findings The findings revealed that amongst the CG variables tested, external AQ exhibited a significantly positive relationship with Tobin's Q. Significant negative influences on FP have been demonstrated by the variables of audit committee meeting and board's independence. Furthermore, gender diversity, CEO duality, audit committee strength and independence failed to record any significant association.Originality/value This study is one of the first to investigate the association between CG idiosyncrasies and FP in the SAARC nations. The study findings have important implications for policymakers and regulators in the region.
Classification and regression tree approach for the prediction of the seasonal apparel market: focused on weather factors
Authors: Oh Jungmi 
Published: November 2023

PurposeClimate change-induced weather changes are severe and frequent, making it difficult to predict apparel sales. The primary goal of this study was to assess consumers' responses to winter apparel searches when external stimuli, such as weather, calendars and promotions arise and to develop a decision-making tool that allows apparel retailers to establish sales strategies according to external stimuli.Design/methodology/approachThe theoretical framework of this study was the effect of external stimuli, such as calendar, promotion and weather, on seasonal apparel search in a consumer's decision-making process. Using weather observation data and Google Trends over the past 12 years, from 2008 to 2020, consumers' responses to external stimuli were analyzed using a classification and regression tree to gain consumer insights into the decision process. The relative importance of the factors in the model was determined, a tree model was developed and the model was tested.FindingsWinter apparel searches increased when the average, maximum and minimum temperatures, windchill, and the previous day's windchill decreased. The month of the year varies depending on weather factors, and promotional sales events do not increase search activities for seasonal apparel. However, sales events during the higher-than-normal temperature season triggered search activity for seasonal apparel.Originality/valueConsumer responses to external stimuli were analyzed through classification and regression trees to discover consumer insights into the decision-making process to improve stock management because climate change-induced weather changes are unpredictable.
Applying virtual reality and augmented reality to the tourism experience: a comparative literature review
Authors: Bretos María A. , Ibáñez-Sánchez Sergio , Orús Carlos 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how previous literature has analyzed the role of augmented reality and virtual reality in the field of tourism, distinguishing between studies focused on one technology or the other as both have characteristics that profoundly differentiate them.Design/methodology/approachThis study carries out a critical review to assess and synthesize the literature on augmented reality and virtual reality in tourism. Literature searches are conducted using various keywords, resulting in a selection of 84 articles (19 on augmented reality and 65 on virtual reality) from 39 indexed journals.FindingsThe research findings demonstrate an increasing scholarly focus on exploring the application of virtual reality and augmented reality within the realm of tourism. These results highlight a noticeable progression in recent years with respect to different matters, such as methodologies, used theories or considered variables, among others. Based on these results, it is proposed a future research agenda that seeks to establish a cohesive framework and drive the development of both augmented reality and virtual reality research in tourism.Originality/valueBy conducting an individual and comparative review of the literature on the application of augmented reality and virtual reality in tourism, this research helps elucidate the specific lines of research for each technology while providing a better understanding of how each technology can be used to generate effective tourist experiences.
Deep carbonate fault–karst reservoir characterization by multi‐task learning
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Li Haiying , Yan Zhe , Jing Jiankun , Gu Hanming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe carbonate fault–karst reservoir is a special and significant reservoir in the Shunbei area, and the development of the cave has been controlled by strike‐slip faults. Due to the complex subsurface structures, fault–karst reservoir characterization is generally divided into fault and cave detection tasks. The potential spatial relationships between faults and caves might be neglected by using the separate detection scheme. The multi‐task learning network can perform multiple tasks simultaneously and exploit the potential features of training data by using a deep neural network. In this study, we built fault–karst models based on the geological background of the Shunbei area and synthesized fault–karst training data using three‐dimensional point spread function convolution. Then, we developed a multi‐task learning network to learn fault–karst features and detect faults and caves simultaneously. The test result demonstrates that the multi‐task learning network trained by synthetic fault–karst data can effectively identify the faults and caves in field seismic data. The comparisons of the multi‐task learning network, single‐task learning networks and conventional methods demonstrate the importance of spatial relationships between faults and caves and show the superiority of the multi‐task learning network. This technique could significantly assist in the exploration, development and well deployment for an ultra‐deep carbonate reservoir.
Inverse priority effects: The order and timing of removal of invasive species influence community reassembly
Authors: Torres Agostina , Morán‐López Teresa , Rodriguez‐Cabal Mariano A. , Núñez Martín A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

An ongoing restoration challenge is to recover native communities after the removal of invasive species. Because priority effects (i.e. the order and timing of species arrival) can strongly determine the trajectory of community assembly, their intentional manipulation is gaining attention to manage invasive plants and achieve restoration goals. Yet, ecologists and conservationists rarely consider how the order and timing of species removal—inverse priority effect—may impact future plant communities.

Here, we evaluated the dependence of community reassembly on inverse priority effects by experimentally removing the target invasives Sweetbriar rose (Rosa rubiginosa) and Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius) in field and mesocosm communities. We manipulated removal order (rose before broom vs. broom before rose) and timing (simultaneously early vs. simultaneously late in the season). We performed a hierarchical modeling of species sommunity to assess differences in community structure in response to order and timing of removal, and to evaluate whether species origin and leaf and seed traits were associated with species responses.

We found that the order of removal was as important as timing driving community reassembly. Simultaneous removal favoured nonnatives, more so when performed early. Sequential removals led to contrasting communities. Rose before broom removal also favoured nonnative grasses at expense of native species, whereas the inverse order produced small changes in communities. In general, species with high specific leaf area were boosted, regardless of their seed size.

Synthesis and applications. Inverse priority effects are neglected mechanisms that can drive variability in the reassembly of plant communities and can potentially upgrade invasive species management. These historical contingencies suggest the existence of an optimal order of removal that facilitates the recovery of the native community. We found that simultaneous removal promoted secondary invasions to a greater extent than sequential removals. Furthermore, removal order affected post‐removal community structure. In our system, we suggest removing the rose before the broom to hinder nonnatives and pave the way for restoration of native communities. Our results show that manipulation of the order and timing of removal can help to achieve restoration goals.
Creating effective teaching and learning environments: Building a positive behavioural support (PBS) model for UK special schools
Authors: Denne Louise D. , Grindle Corinna F. , Sapiets Suzi J. , Blandford‐Elliott Millie , Hastings Richard P. , Hoerger Marguerite , Lambert‐Lee Katy , Paris Andreas , Nicholls Gemma , Hughes J. Carl 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe importance of reducing restraint and restrictive interventions in special schools has been recognised across the four nations of the UK. Government guidance for England and Wales, and recommendations produced by Restraint Reduction Scotland, both reference Positive behavioural support (PBS) as an evidence‐based approach that can be used to proactively support pupils with, or at risk of, behaviours that challenge. The Department of Education of Northern Ireland recommends the development of behaviour support plans to support children with special education needs and disabilities. Special schools, however, also have a responsibility to set high expectations for every pupil, to provide access to the respective national curricula and to meet individual needs. School‐wide positive behavioural support (SW‐PBS), originated in the USA in the 1990s in response to a body of evidence that showed improved social and academic outcomes when behavioural interventions were implemented across whole school settings. It is increasingly being adopted in the UK. Drawing upon examples from schools in England and Wales with which the authors are familiar, this paper outlines the rationale for a special schools' model of SW‐PBS and illustrates the ways in which this can be adjusted to meet the specific needs of each setting.
Key Points

Reducing restraint and restrictive interventions in schools is a high priority across all four nations of the UK.

Special schools also have a responsibility to provide children with special education needs and disabilities positive learning environments that maximise learning opportunities and meet individual needs.

School‐wide positive behaviour support (SW‐PBS) provides a useful framework to help special schools meet these expectations.