bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the elevated temperature on the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete using fly ash and ground granulated blast slag
Authors: Pratap Bheem , Kumar Pramod 
Published: December 2023

PurposeTo investigate the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete at elevated temperatures.Design/methodology/approachThe investigation involved studying the influence of partially replacing fly ash with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) at different proportions (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) on the composition of the geopolymer. This approach aimed to examine how the addition of GGBS impacts the properties of the geopolymer material. The chemical NaOH was purchased from the local supplier of Jamshedpur. The alkali solution was prepared with a concentration of 12 M NaOH to produce the concrete. After several trials, the alkaline-to-binder ratio was determined to be 0.43.FindingsThe compressive strength values at 28 days for specimens FG1, FG2, FG3, FG4 and FG5 are 35.42 MPa, 41.26 MPa, 44.79 MPa, 50.51 MPa and 46.33 MPa, respectively. The flexural strength values at 28 days for specimens FG1, FG2, FG3, FG4 and FG5 are 5.31 MPa, 5.64 MPa, 6.12 MPa, 7.15 MPa and 6.48 MPa, respectively. The split tensile strength values at 28 days for specimens FG1, FG2, FG3, FG4 and FG5 are 2.82 MPa, 2.95 MPa, 3.14 MPa, 3.52 MPa and 3.31 MPa, respectively.Originality/valueThis approach allows for the examination of how the addition of GGBS affects the properties of the geopolymer material. Four different temperature levels were chosen for analysis: 100 °C, 300 °C, 500 °C and 700 °C. By subjecting the geopolymer samples to these elevated temperatures, the study aimed to observe any changes in their mechanical.
Agricultural price forecasting based on the spatial and temporal influences factors under spillover effects
Authors: Tang Dezhao , Cai Qiqi , Nie Tiandan , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wu Jinghua 
Published: December 2023

PurposeIntegrating artificial intelligence and quantitative investment has given birth to various agricultural futures price prediction models suitable for nonlinear and non-stationary data. However, traditional models have limitations in testing the spatial transmission relationship in time series, and the actual prediction effect is restricted by the inability to obtain the prices of other variable factors in the future.Design/methodology/approachTo explore the impact of spatiotemporal factors on agricultural prices and achieve the best prediction effect, the authors innovatively propose a price prediction method for China's soybean and palm oil futures prices. First, an improved Granger Causality Test was adopted to explore the spatial transmission relationship in the data; second, the Seasonal and Trend decomposition using Loess model (STL) was employed to decompose the price; then, the Apriori algorithm was applied to test the time spillover effect between data, and CRITIC was used to extract essential features; finally, the N-Beats model was selected as the prediction model for futures prices.FindingsUsing the Apriori and STL algorithms, the authors found a spillover effect in agricultural prices, and past trends and seasonal data will impact future prices. Using the improved Granger causality test method to analyze the unidirectional causality relationship between the prices, the authors obtained a spatial effect among the agricultural product prices. By comparison, the N-Beats model based on the spatiotemporal factors shows excellent prediction effects on different prices.Originality/valueThis paper addressed the problem that traditional models can only predict the current prices of different agricultural products on the same date, and traditional spatial models cannot test the characteristics of time series. This result is beneficial to the sustainable development of agriculture and provides necessary numerical and technical support to ensure national agricultural security.
Who corrects misinformation online? Self-perceived media literacy and the moderating role of reflective judgment
Authors: Borah Porismita , Lorenzano Kyle John 
Published: December 2023

PurposePurpose: The main purpose of the study is to understand the factors that facilitate correction behavior among individuals. In this study the authors examine the impact of self-perceived media literacy (SPML) and reflection on participants’ correction behavior.Design/methodology/approachMethods: Data for the study were collected from Amazon's MTurk using an online survey. Data were collected after a certificate of exemption was received by the Institutional Review Board in a research university in the United States (US) Qualtrics software was used to collect data. The total number of participants was 797.FindingsFindings: The findings show that although both SPML and reflection are positively associated with rumor refutation, higher SPML alone is not enough. Reflective judgment is critical for individuals to take part in this behavior online, such that individuals with higher reflective judgment indicated that they refute rumors online, irrespective of their SPML score.Originality/valueOriginality: The authors tested the relationship of multiple variables with participants correction behavior. Although research shows the importance of social correction, there is not much knowledge about what facilitates actual misinformation correction.
Pivoting a PDS program to working with employed interns: a case study in continuing organizational change
Authors: Letizia Angelo Joseph 
Published: December 2023

PurposeThe methods and procedures in which teachers are trained and supported are rapidly changing. While the COVID-19 pandemic undoubtedly disrupted education and exacerbated a growing teacher shortage, these problems are not new, they stretch back decades and are the result of underfunding and political machinations among many other factors. This paper is a case study of a small private university and how it transitioned to supporting employed interns and providing on-the-job-training and support for these types of interns in this volatile time for teacher education and preparation.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a case study. The paper chronicles how the initial certification department within a larger school of education was able to transition to meeting the needs of employed interns and supporting them.FindingsThe most important findings for this case study/examination of practice, while not necessarily generalizable, were the creation of a culture, attention to implementation and the fostering of a learning organization.Originality/valueThe teacher shortage forced the university in this paper to change its offerings, assumptions and culture with regard to interns and their needs. While this was unique to one institution, other institutions are most likely in similar situations.
Globalization and shadow economy: a panel analysis for Africa
Authors: Ajide Folorunsho M. , Dada James T. 
Published: December 2023

PurposeThe study's objective is to examine the relevance of globalization in affecting the size of the shadow economy in selected African nations.Design/methodology/approachTo do this, the authors employ the KOF globalization index and implement both static and dynamic common correlated mean group estimators on a panel of 24 African nations from 1995–2017. This technique accommodates the issue of cross-sectional dependence, sample bias and endogenous regressors. Panel threshold analysis is also conducted to establish the nonlinearity between globalization and the shadow economy. To examine the causality between the variables, the study employs Dumitrescu and Hurlin's panel causality test.FindingsThe results show that globalization reduces the size of the shadow economy. The results of the nonlinear analysis suggest a U-shaped relationship. Overall globalization has a threshold impact of 48.837%, economic globalization has 45.615% and political globalization has 66.661% while social globalization has a threshold value of 35.744%. The results of the panel causality show that there is a bidirectional causality between the two variables.Practical implicationsThe results suggest that the government and other relevant authorities need to introduce capital controls and other policy measures to moderate the degree of social, political and cultural diffusion. Appropriate policies should be formulated to monitor the extent of African economic openness to other continents to maximize the gains from globalization.Originality/valueApart from being the first study in the African region that evaluates the relevance of globalization in controlling the shadow economy, it also analyzes the dynamics and threshold analysis between the two variables using advanced panel econometrics which makes the study unique. The study suggests that globalization tools are useful for affecting the size of the shadow economy in Africa. This study provides fresh empirical evidence on the impact of globalization on the shadow economy in the case of Africa.
The spatio‐temporal influences of habitat heterogeneity on the community structure of avian feeding guilds in human‐dominated landscapes of the East African miombo woodlands
Authors: Kavana David J. , Mbije Nsajigwa , Sirilo Tecla M. , Bupamba Happiness C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHabitat heterogeneity plays a vital ecological role in influencing community ecology dynamics. We evaluated the relationship between habitat heterogeneity and land‐use cover with avian community structure in the human‐dominated landscape of the Katavi‐Rukwa ecosystem in Tanzania. We used the fixed‐radius point count method to record birds in different habitats. We calculated the relative abundances and the Shannon‐Wiener diversity index of bird guilds across habitats as well as the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and estimated land‐use cover of the study area from Landsat 8 images. We grouped birds into five major guilds: Insectivore, Granivore, Omnivore, Carnivore and Nectarivore. Among the guilds, Insectivores, Omnivores, Nectarivores and Carnivores were positively correlated with an increase in NDVI, while Granivores were negatively correlated with an increase in NDVI. Among the habitats, woodland had high species diversity whereas riverine had low species diversity. Our findings highlight the importance of habitat heterogeneity in biodiversity conservation in human‐dominated landscapes, and we suggest implementing conservation in these landscapes.
More‐than‐human supremacy: Himalayan lessons on cosmopolitics
Authors: Bhan Mona , Govindrajan Radhika 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHow might our analysis of fascism be enriched if we turn our attention to how contemporary supremacist movements self‐fashion themselves as more‐than‐human formations? How is fascist politics naturalized through claims that it is fueled by the agency and vitality of not just humans but also other‐than‐humans? How do right‐wing supremacists’ assertions that theirs is an indigenous more‐than‐human politics that suffered but endured the violence of colonialism support the framing of fascism as a decolonizing project? In this article, we ground these questions in an ethnographic analysis of what we call the more‐than‐human turn in contemporary Hindu‐supremacist politics in the northwestern Himalayan region, focusing specifically on two political projects: the Hindu right‐wing's rediscovery of “ancient” Hindu rivers and communities in Ladakh and cow protection in Uttarakhand. In contrast to ontological anthropologists who suggest that cosmopolitics is plural and liberatory, we demonstrate how the inclusion of nonhuman entities in political life can serve to naturalize a fascist politics that seeks the extermination of those who are not part of the natural order of life. We urge anthropologists to make room for skepticism and critique in their analysis of cosmopolitical formations instead of prematurely celebrating “ecopolitics” as anti‐Western and anticolonial.
Syncopation as Probabilistic Expectation: Conceptual, Computational, and Experimental Evidence
Authors: Fram Noah R. , Berger Jonathan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDefinitions of syncopation share two characteristics: the presence of a meter or analogous hierarchical rhythmic structure and a displacement or contradiction of that structure. These attributes are translated in terms of a Bayesian theory of syncopation, where the syncopation of a rhythm is inferred based on a hierarchical structure that is, in turn, learned from the ongoing musical stimulus. Several experiments tested its simplest possible implementation, with equally weighted priors associated with different meters and independence of auditory events, which can be decomposed into two terms representing note density and deviation from a metric hierarchy. A computational simulation demonstrated that extant measures of syncopation fall into two distinct factors analogous to the terms in the simple Bayesian model. Next, a series of behavioral experiments found that perceived syncopation is significantly related to both terms, offering support for the general Bayesian construction of syncopation. However, we also found that the prior expectations associated with different metric structures are not equal across meters and that there is an interaction between density and hierarchical deviation, implying that auditory events are not independent from each other. Together, these findings provide evidence that syncopation is a manifestation of a form of temporal expectation that can be directly represented in Bayesian terms and offer a complementary, feature‐driven approach to recent Bayesian models of temporal prediction.
Mobile learning frameworks and pedagogy: A systematic review
Authors: Parsons David , Palalas Aga , Nikou Stavros , Rodulfo Selwyn 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article provides a systematic review of mobile learning frameworks that address issues of pedagogy published between 2011 and 2022. The objective of the review was to gain a clear picture of recent developments in mobile learning frameworks to provide an understanding of current directions in mobile learning pedagogy. Eighteen peer‐reviewed journal articles that presented new mobile learning pedagogical frameworks were examined and evaluated based on the characteristics of each framework. The two main areas of analysis were the pedagogical approaches integrated into the frameworks and their definitions of mobile learning. We conclude that mobile learning frameworks have become more diverse over time, in many cases tending to focus on specific aspects of mobile learning rather than attempting to address overarching concepts. With respect to pedagogies and their underlying theories of learning, social constructivism, heutagogy, collaborative learning, experiential learning, inquiry‐based learning, and student‐centred learning were mentioned most frequently. However, although many frameworks make reference to pedagogy, there is limited analysis of how mobile learning pedagogy might be defined as distinct from other contexts of learning. The key characteristics of mobile learning, consistent through most of the reviewed frameworks, comprise the portability of mobile devices across multiple contexts, connectivity, and accessibility, as well as learner‐centredness (including personalisation and self‐regulation). One key aspect of identifying the uniqueness and future potential of mobile learning is the special affordances addressed by mobile learning theory. We conclude that this is an area where further research is required.
Different immortalized keratinocyte cell lines display distinct capabilities to differentiate and reconstitute an epidermis in vitro
Authors: Jahn Magdalena , Lang Victoria , Diehl Sandra , Back Robin , Kaufmann Roland , Fauth Torsten , Buerger Claudia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDermatological research relies on the availability of suitable models that most accurately reflect the in vivo situation. Primary keratinocytes obtained from skin reduction surgeries are not only limited by availability but have a short lifespan and show donor‐specific variations, which hamper the understanding of general mechanisms. The spontaneously immortalized keratinocyte cell line HaCaT displays chromosomal aberrations and is known to differentiate in an abnormal manner. To overcome these issues, we validated different engineered immortalized cell lines created from primary human keratinocytes (NHK) as model systems to study epidermal function. Cell lines either immortalized by the expression of SV40 large T antigen and hTERT (NHK‐SV/TERT) or by transduction with HPV E6/E7 (NHK‐E6/E7) were analysed for their growth and differentiation behaviour using 2D and 3D culture systems and compared to primary keratinocytes. Both cell lines displayed a robust proliferative behaviour but were still sensitive to contact inhibition. NHK‐E6/E7 could be driven into differentiation by Ca2+ switch, while NHK‐SV/TERT needed withdrawal from any proliferative signal to initiate a delayed onset of differentiation. In 3D epidermal models both cell lines were able to reconstitute a stratified epidermis and functional epidermal barrier. However, only NHK‐E6/E7 showed a degree of epidermal maturation and stratification that was comparable to primary keratinocytes.
Status of HIV and comorbidities in refugees with HIV from Ukraine
Authors: Ahrenstorf Gerrit , Dopfer‐Jablonka Alexandra , Joean Oana , Knuth Christine , Silchmueller Marc , Thiele Thea , Ringshausen Felix C. , Slevogt Hortense , Witte Torsten , Behrens Georg M. N. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo describe the clinical characteristics of refugees with HIV from Ukraine that seek continuation of medical care in Germany.MethodsFourty‐six refugees with HIV that had left Ukraine between 24 February and 30 December 2022 were examined. Information on patients' history was obtained using a standardized questionnaire for clinical care. Interviews were conducted in Russian during their first clinical presentation.ResultsFourty‐six persons (41 females and 5 males) were included and their mean age was 39.6 (±8.4) years. The mean time since HIV diagnosis was 8.0 (median, IQR 7.15) years and 70.3% of participants currently received tenfofovir‐DF, lamividine and dolutegravir. Most refugees had an undetectable HIV viral load and their current mean CD4 T cell count was 702 (SD ± 289) per μL. Serology revealed previous hepatitis B infection in 50.4% without evidence for replication, with undetectable anti‐hepatitis B surface antigen in the remaining refugees. Antibodies against hepatitis C were present in 23 refugees (50%), but only 10 patients had been diagnosed with hepatitis C previously. Five refugees had undergone successful antiviral treatment for hepatitis C. Detectable HCV‐RNA was evident in nine patients (19.6%). Sixteen (38.6%) refugees had a positive tuberculosis (TB) interferon gamma release assay, and four were on TB treatment for previously diagnosed infection. One had been diagnosed with multidrug‐resistant (MDR) TB, two with pre‐extensively drug‐resistant (pre‐XDR) TB and two with XDR TB and were treated with combinations of second‐line and novel agents according to WHO guidelines.ConclusionsBased on this preliminary analysis of a not fully representative cohort, refugees with HIV from Ukraine were young, mostly healthy females highly adherent to antiretroviral therapy. The rate of transmittable co‐infections urges early diagnostic evaluation and treatment.
Psychometric analysis of the Group Climate Inventory—Revised in adults with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning in a secure residential facility
Authors: Turhan A. , Roest J. J. , Delforterie M. J. , Van der Helm G. H. P. , Neimeijer E. G. , Didden R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn secure residential facilities, group climate perceptions of clients with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning are systematically assessed for quality improvement. A valid and reliable measure may ensure that this process is consistent. The Group Climate Inventory—Revised (GCI‐R) is a new measure to assess group climate perceptions.MethodConfirmatory factor analysis was conducted in 148 adult clients (79% male) with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning in a secure facility to examine internal structure validity and internal consistency reliability of the GCI‐R.ResultsThe results indicate support for the five‐factor structure of the GCI‐R (‘Support’, ‘Growth’, ‘Repression’, ‘Peer interactions’, and ‘Physical environment’). The internal consistency reliability of its scales ranged from acceptable to good (α: .72–.87; ω: .76–.86).ConclusionThe GCI‐R demonstrates evidence of psychometric adequacy when applied to adult clients with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning in secure residential facilities.
Correlation between computed tomography and histological evaluation of nodal metastasis in dogs with mast cell tumours
Authors: Miyagi Hiroshi , Townsend Katy L. , Ettinger Alyssa Michael , Russell Duncan S. , Colee James C. , Newsom Lauren Elizabeth 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEarly diagnosis of nodal metastasis has been shown to impact prognosis for dogs with mast cell tumours (MCT). The objective of this retrospective study was to determine the correlation between computed tomographic characteristics of lymph nodes and histologic nodal metastasis using the HN classification system, in dogs with cutaneous or subcutaneous MCT and regional lymph node(s) removal. Dogs that had removal of MCT and regional lymphadenectomy within 31 days of the initial staging computed tomography (CT) were enrolled. Subjective lymph node characteristics used included margination, loss of fat at hilus, shape of margin, perinodal fat pattern, increase in number of nodes, and pre‐ and post‐contrast heterogeneity. Enhancement, heterogeneity, and short‐long axis ratio were calculated. Seventy‐one lymph nodes from 37 dogs were included. Generalised linear mixed model of assessment of lymph node was performed twice, with binary outcome [non‐metastatic (HN0/1) versus metastatic (HN2/3)] and 4‐point scales (HN0–HN3). After blind assessment of 7 characteristics described above, a final subjective interpretation of each lymph node as non‐metastatic or metastatic was assigned. A significant correlation was found between final interpretation and prediction of metastasis. Higher HN classification was also significantly correlated with the increased number of nodes and pre‐ and post‐contrast heterogeneity. No correlation was found in short‐long axis ratio, calculated heterogeneity, or degree of enhancement. Sensitivity of CT was 35.7%, specificity was 96.6%, and accuracy was 60.5% for nodal metastasis. CT alone cannot be recommended for assessment of metastasis. The use of multiple computed tomographic characteristics may increase accuracy of nodal metastasis detection.
Local–global divisibility on algebraic tori
Authors: Alessandrì Jessica , Chirivì Rocco , Paladino Laura 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe give a complete answer to the local–global divisibility problem for algebraic tori. In particular, we prove that given an odd prime , if is an algebraic torus of dimension defined over a number field , then the local–global divisibility by any power holds for . We also show that this bound on the dimension is best possible, by providing a counterexample for every dimension . Finally, we prove that under certain hypotheses on the number field generated by the coordinates of the ‐torsion points of , the local–global divisibility still holds for tori of dimension less than .