bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 13‐step framework for better integration of streamlined conservation research
Authors: Borzée Amaël 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe rise of integrated conservation research underscores its pivotal role in raising global environmental concerns, making it an attractive research subject from numerous perspectives. This general interest in integrated research is positive in that it provides an interdisciplinary approach with important innovations, encompassing a variety of fields, in opposition to considering conservation as an “afterthought” of ecological results. The current challenge is to organize research findings in a consistent, streamlined process that effectively supports and influences world biodiversity conservation. Disciplines once deemed unrelated to conservation science, such as social sciences, are now being incorporated into conservation research, and there is a pressing need to unify these diverse areas into a cohesive process to enhance the coverage of this growing field. It is also vital to acknowledge that each focal population unit (e.g., species, taxa, clade, etc.) may have specific requirements. Here, I propose a 13‐step framework that aims to integrate a comprehensive range of conservation research fields, from traditional ecology and behavior to inclusive mitigation plans, policy recommendations, and monitoring processes, ensuring that conservation research results are translated into tangible conservation actions. Integrating research‐based conservation results will facilitate the required coordinated effort from scientists, government agencies, the general public, and relevant sections of the private sector, thereby reinforcing the foundations to support conservation initiatives. This manuscript defines a procedure to address the conservation research requirements of specific focal population units (e.g., species, taxa, clade, population, etc.). It emphasizes the need for a consistent and streamlined process integrating all research fields, aiming to increase the breadth of knowledge essential for generating actionable conservation research results. The process supports clearly defined goal‐driven objectives that can be readily adopted by organizations interested in actionable conservation research results at varying levels. Nevertheless, conservation measures can be taken at any stage within the process, recognizing that achieving all research outcomes is a resource‐intensive optimum.
Gender specificity of frontal activity based on fNIRS in distinguishing bipolar depression population from health control
Authors: Gao Chenyang , Li Ting 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBipolar depression (BD) is a chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by recurring bouts of bipolar mania or hypomania followed by depression. In this essay, we used the functional near‐infrared spectroscopy to investigate the frontal function of BD in males and females, which included a total of 43 BD patients and 28 healthy subjects. The hemodynamic response associated with the task was estimated using the generalized linear model (GLM) approach. Wavelet transforms coherence and Granger causality (GC) methods were employed to calculate brain connectivity. GLM and GC results revealed that female patients were more distinguishable from healthy controls than males. Additionally, the correlation between BD scores and GLM results showed that the brain activation of male subjects was affected by their anxiety levels. This study suggests that traditional diagnostic methods for BD may not be as sensitive in men as in women.
Curriculum change using Tuckman's model: Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing
Authors: Nanda Shubha , Papathanasiou Aikaterini , Zandoná Andrea Ferreira 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTUSDM’s Comprehensive Care Department accomplished curriculum change and faculty development by following a process consistent with Tuckman’s model of change. The FORMING of three ad‐hoc committees was followed by STORMING stage, in which volunteers identified opportunities and needs of 11 courses. In the NORMING stage, committees’ findings were categorized into four themes: curriculum restructuring, guideline development, outcomes assessment, and resource needs. The concluding PERFORMING stage involved addition and consolidation of courses, modules, workshops, and guidelines, establishing a faculty calibration plan, and revision of clinical outcomes assessment. A staged, bottom‐up approach to implementing curriculum change can lead to outcomes enhancement, concomitant with faculty enrichment.
Exploration of porous imine‐based covalent organic framework for solid‐phase extraction of five trace sulfonamides in food samples
Authors: Dong Yingjiao , Chen Yao , Wang Ruijie , Hong Zhikai , Fan Weiqiang , Huang Zhenzhen , Wang Guanhua 
Published: November 2023

In this article, a highly crystalline porous imine‐based covalent organic framework was synthesized at room temperature and used as solid‐phase extraction (SPE) adsorbent for the purification and enrichment of trace sulfonamides (SAs) from food samples. The structure of the obtained material was characterized and studied in detail. The extraction process was optimized and the final elution was determined by the ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry method. Low limits of detection (0.02–0.19 μg/kg) were obtained under optimal conditions, with the recoveries ranging from 70.5% to 105.3% when spiked at different levels. The adsorption process of the material for SAs was fitted by the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm model, and the extraction capacity for Nitrofuran metabolites from food samples was also investigated for comparison. The results demonstrated that the framework was a good candidate SPE adsorbent that can be used for the enrichment of drug residues in complex matrix, and the work may provide a systematic study method for the development of porous adsorbents.
Direct C–H Arylation Derived Ternary D–A Conjugated Polymers: Effects of Monomer Geometries, D/A Ratios, and Alkyl Side Chains on Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production and Pollutant Degradation
Authors: Shen Zhao‐Qi , Zhang Guang , Yang Kai , Zhang Yu‐Jie , Gong Hao , Liao Guangfu , Liu Shi‐Yong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDonor–acceptor (D–A) conjugated polymer (CP) featuring high charge mobility and widely tunable energy bands have shown promising prospects in photocatalysis. In this work, a library of ternary D‐A CPs (22 polymers) based on benzothiadiazole, bithiophene, and fluorene derivatives (i.e., fluorene [Fl], 9,9‐dihexylfluorene [HF], and 9,9′‐spirobifluorene [SF]) with and without alkyl side chains, and with 3D geometry are designed and synthesized via atom‐economical direct C–H arylation polymerization to explore the synergetic effects of stereochemistry, D/A ratio, and alkyl chains on the properties and photocatalytic performances, which reveal that 1) the cross‐shaped 3D spirobifluorene (SF) building block shows the highest hydrogen evolution rates (HER) owing to the sufficient photocatalytic active sites exposed, 2) the alkyl‐free linear polymer (FlBtBT0.05) exhibit the highest photocatalytic pollutant degradation performance owing to its superior charge separation, and 3) the alkyl side chains are redundances that will exert detrimental effects on the aqueous photocatalysis owing to their insulating and hydrophobic property. The structure‐property‐performance correlation results obtained will provide a desirable guideline for the rational design of CP‐based photocatalysts.
Hydroxytyrosol Induces Dyslipidemia in an ApoB100 Humanized Mouse Model
Authors: López de las Hazas María‐Carmen , del Saz‐Lara Andrea , Cedó Lídia , Crespo María Carmen , Tomé‐Carneiro João , Chapado Luis A. , Macià Alba , Visioli Francesco , Escola‐Gil Joan C. , Dávalos Alberto 
Published: November 2023

ScopeExtra virgin olive oil has numerous cardiopreventive effects, largely due to its high content of (poly)phenols such as hydroxytyrosol (HT). However, some animal studies suggest that its excessive consumption may alter systemic lipoprotein metabolism. Because human lipoprotein metabolism differs from that of rodents, this study examines the effects of HT in a humanized mouse model that approximates human lipoprotein metabolism.Methods and resultsMice are treated as follows: control diet or diet enriched with HT. Serum lipids and lipoproteins are determined after 4 and 8 weeks. We also analyzed the regulation of various genes and miRNA by HT, using microarrays and bioinformatic analysis.An increase in body weight is found after supplementation with HT, although food intake was similar in both groups. In addition, HT induced the accumulation of triacylglycerols but not cholesterol in different tissues. Systemic dyslipidemia after HT supplementation and impaired glucose metabolism are observed. Finally, HT modulates the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism, such as Pltp or Lpl.ConclusionHT supplementation induces systemic dyslipidemia and impaired glucose metabolism in humanized mice. Although the numerous health‐promoting effects of HT far outweigh these potential adverse effects, further carefully conducted studies are needed.
Porous silicon microneedle patches for delivery of polymyxin‐based antimicrobials
Authors: Tabassum Nazia , Rudd David , Yan Li , Voelcker Nicolas H. , Alba Maria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere is a global trend of increasing antibiotic resistance to Gram‐negative bacteria and the medical research community is looking for alternative antibiotics. Antibiotics such as polymyxin B (PMB) show excellent efficacy and low resistance rates against Gram‐negative bacteria. The topical administration of PMB, however, has clinical limitations such as minimal residence time, making it difficult for its use to treat skin infections. Here, we present porous silicon microneedle (pSi MN) patches to deliver PMB to the skin. pSi MN patches are fabricated by, first, generating the projections by dry Si etching techniques, followed by an electrochemical etching to create porous layers around the MNs. After loading PMB into the porous layer, the antibacterial activity of pSi MNs is determined by measuring the inhibition zone of Gram‐negative Escherichia coli. Next, PMB is efficiently delivered into the epidermal layer of ex vivo skin models, as confirmed by chemical mapping using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI‐MSI). The results demonstrate that pSi MN patches are an efficient and versatile tool for the transdermal delivery of PMB with maintained bioactivity and antimicrobial efficacy, thus expanding the possibilities of current transdermal drug delivery systems.
Achieving superior pyroresistive reproducibility at HDPE/PVDF composites with tailored conductive phase size
Authors: Chen Long , Liu Chengchao , Liu Shucheng , Chang Yuanzhi , Liu Yunxiao , Zhang Jianming , Yu Qing , Cheng Guiqing , Wang Zhongwei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCommercial conductive polymer composites (CPCs) with positive temperature coefficient (PTC) behavior usually suffer from inherent poor reproducibility of pyroresistive property. Herein, a conductive carbon black (CB)/high density polyethylene (HDPE)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite with outstanding PTC reproducibility were prepared through introducing cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) grafted with methyl methacrylate (CNC‐g‐PMMA). Following the minimum interfacial energy mechanism, the CNC‐g‐PMMA tends to locate in PVDF of binary polymer composites. A much finer morphology of conductive CB/HDPE phase is hence obtained owing to the increasement of PVDF/HDPE viscosity ratio by introducing CNC‐g‐PMMA. Undergoing multiple repeated temperature cycles, the room temperature resistance and PTC intensity of as‐prepared material keep almost unchanged, which demonstrates superior PTC reproducibility. The improving mechanism of PTC reproducibility has also been illustrated in detail. This research provides a facile and valid strategy to enhance the PTC reproducibility and will vastly expand the application of PTC composites in the field of intelligent temperature management.Highlights
Assembling binary polymer‐based PTC materials with cocontinuous structure
Nanocrystals enables conductive HDPE phase with finer morphology.
The precise ranges of viscosity ratio ensure the co‐continuous morphology.
Small conductive phase size enhances P reproducibility.
Narrow spatial domain restricts the self‐aggregation of conductive fillers.
Process‐property relationship in polylactic acid composites reinforced by iron microparticles and3Dprinted by fused filament fabrication
Authors: Hasanzadeh Rezgar , Mihankhah Peyman , Azdast Taher , Bodaghi Mahdi , Moradi Mahmoud 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA) is the most widely used material in the fused filament fabrication (FFF) technique, which is a biocompatible thermoplastic. However, PLA's usefulness is limited by its narrow processing window and relatively low mechanical properties. Therefore, PLA composites have been developed to enhance its properties for FFF printing. A key challenge in producing composite parts via this method is to find the correlation between the mechanical properties of the parts and the process parameters. This knowledge is essential for optimizing the printing process to achieve the desired mechanical properties for composite parts industries such as aerospace, automotive, and medical, where high‐performance composite materials are crucial. The ability to control and predict the mechanical properties of FFF‐printed composite parts is critical for their successful integration into these industries. In this study, the effect of nozzle temperature (NT), printing speed (PS), and nominal porosity (POR) on the impact strength and specific impact strength of PLA/iron composites was examined using FFF. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the experimental design. The results revealed that POR had the most significant effect on the impact resistance data, while NT had the least effect. Reducing the POR led to improved impact resistance in the samples. Multi‐objective optimization results showed that the lowest NT (190°C), the lowest POR (30%), and a PS of 50 mm/s were the optimal conditions for multiple objectives. RSM was also utilized to develop mathematical models of impact properties, focusing on varying NT, POR, and PS, which can be used to predict desired impact properties.HighlightsNominal porosity has the most influence on the impact strength of PLA/iron composites.Optimum values were temperature of 190°C, nominal porosity of 30%, and speed of 50 mm/s.RSM was effective in enhancing the mechanical properties of composite materials.RSM models provide a predictive tool for future FFF‐printed composite parts.Maximum impact strength of 4.44 kJ/m2was achieved.
The rice annexin gene OsAnn5 is involved in cold stress tolerance at the seedling stage
Authors: Que Zhiqun , Lu Qineng , Li Qixiu , Shen Chunxiu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAnnexins exist widely in plants as multigene families and play critical roles in stress responses and a range of cellular processes. This study provides a comprehensive account of the cloning and functional characterization of the rice annexin gene OsAnn5. The findings reveal that a cold stress treatment at the seedling stage of rice induced OsAnn5 expression. GUS staining assay indicated that the expression of OsAnn5 was non tissue‐specific and was detected in almost all rice tissues. Subcellular localization indicated that OsAnn5‐GFP (green fluorescent protein) signals were found in the endoplasmic reticulum apparatus. Compared with wild type rice, knocking out OsAnn5 using the CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated proteins) mediated genome editing resulted in sensitivity to cold treatments. These results indicate that OsAnn5 is involved in cold stress tolerance at the seedling stage.
Effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and cranio‐cervical flexor training on pain and function in chronic mechanical neck pain: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Suresh Vaishnavi , Venkatesan Prem , Babu Karthik 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundChronic neck pain is known to be caused by the weakness of the deep neck flexors and disturbances in the mechanoreceptors and the proprioceptors of the cervical spine. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) is hypothesized to balance the relative stiffness and weakness of the muscles and activate the mechanoreceptors and proprioceptors.ObjectiveTo investigate PNF techniques and the craniocervical flexor training (CCFT) techniques for pain and function in chronic neck pain.MethodsA randomized clinical trial was conducted on 66 chronic mechanical neck pain patients randomly assigned to either the PNF or CCFT groups using block randomization for a duration of 4 weeks. Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Neck disability Index (NDI) and Active cervical range of motion (ACROM) were measured at baseline and after 4 weeks of intervention. Data were analysed using independent t test and MANOVA.ResultsThe mean difference scores for NPRS and NDI were 2.18 and 15.72 in PNF group and 2.26 and 15.76 in the CCFT groups, respectively. Both the groups showed a change that was statistically significant. Also, the mean differences for the ACROM in all the planes in both the groups were statistically significant. However, the between group changes did not reveal any statistical significance in this study except for the right rotation in the CCFT group (p = 0.01).ConclusionsThis study concluded that the PNF treatment is also beneficial to pain and function in treating chronic mechanical neck pain patients as its results stand similar to the CCFT treatment, which is already established to be a reliable tool to treat this condition.
Cargo Size Limits and Forces of Cell‐Driven Microtransport
Authors: Sharifi Panah Setareh , Großmann Robert , Lepro Valentino , Beta Carsten 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe integration of motile cells into biohybrid microrobots offers unique properties such as sensitive responses to external stimuli, resilience, and intrinsic energy supply. Here, biohybrid cell–cargo systems that are driven by amoeboid Dictyostelium discoideum cells are studied and how the cargo speed and the resulting viscous drag force scales with increasing radius of the spherical cargo particle are explored. Using a simplified geometrical model of the cell–cargo interaction, the findings toward larger cargo sizes, which are not accessible with the experimental setup, are extrapolated and a maximal cargo size is predicted beyond which active cell‐driven movements will stall. The active forces exerted by the cells to move a cargo show mechanoresponsive adaptation and increase dramatically when challenged by an external pulling force, a mechanism that may become relevant when navigating cargo through complex heterogeneous environments.
Turning climate justice into practice? Channeling loss and damage funding through national social protection systems in climate‐vulnerable countries
Authors: Huber Jona , Murray Una 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDespite the last‐minute breakthrough agreement at the UN Climate Change Conference COP27 to provide funding for climate‐related loss and damage for vulnerable countries, distribution mechanisms and funding sources remain up for debate. With rapid‐onset climate impacts intensifying and slow‐onset impacts further manifesting, loss and damage from climate change is already occurring. Thus, quick, effective, and transparent distribution of upcoming funds is necessary. Currently, only a tiny fraction of existing sources of climate finance reaches affected communities, commonly marked by high levels of poverty and low levels of adaptive capacity. Similarly, donor‐based global humanitarian aid and development systems are buckling under the weight of increasing demand. As increasing climate impacts threaten to reverse development gains of the last decades, climate‐sensitive social protection has received increasing attention for its potential to address climate impacts and to strengthen the adaptive capacity and resilience of climate‐vulnerable populations. This review article explores the prospects of channeling Loss and Damage funding through existing national social protection systems and highlights how this approach can efficiently contribute to safeguarding development gains, including previously overlooked aspects such as noneconomic loss and damage (NELD), while also dismantling soft adaptation barriers and thus fostering climate resilience in the long term. Although we identify barriers, including gaps in coverage of social protection systems both between and within countries, we argue that channeling some L&D funding through social protection systems aligns with core human rights and climate justice agendas, as well as the principle of Common But Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities.This article is categorized under:
Integrated Assessment of Climate Change > Assessing Climate Change in the Context of Other Issues
Policy and Governance > International Policy Framework
Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change > Values‐Based Approach to Vulnerability and Adaptation
Mass balance accounting: Considerations for circular polymers
Authors: Schumacher Kelsea A. , Beers Kathryn 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhile plastic packaging and products have greatly benefitted civilization, the current and historical approaches to design, use, and end‐of‐life management have resulted in significant challenges, particularly in recovering and retaining the economic value of the materials and preventing plastic pollution. The dominant route for recycling plastic in the United States and elsewhere has been mechanical recycling, which is effective for select polymer types and package designs and has potential for growth. However, several regulatory, technical, and economic challenges will ultimately cap the fraction of plastic waste recovered by mechanical recycling technologies, and as a result, chemical recycling―processes that either break covalent bonds or otherwise exploit fundamental chemical processes to return molecules to early or mid‐stage chemical production―has great appeal, especially for plastic products most challenging for mechanical recycling. Due to the nature of some chemical recycling technologies, specifically that molecules derived from chemically recycled polymers become indistinguishable from primary feedstocks and thus not traceable or measurable in the process, the mass balance (MB) accounting chain of custody model has been proposed as a tool to track, trace, and certify circular polymers. While MB certification standards have an extensive history in other commodity sectors, they have only recently been considered in the polymers sector in part due to recent technology advances and incentives to expand chemical recycling. Here we discuss the roll of MB in polymer circularity, including controversial aspects, and provide technical examples to describe its potential applicability. We further provide recommendations for the effective use of MB to certify circular polymers.This article is categorized under:
Climate and Environment > Pollution Prevention
Climate and Environment > Circular Economy
Emerging Technologies > Materials