bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Helicopter Supported Photogrammetric Survey of Ramsberg Castle
Authors: Eckstein G. , Peipe J. 
Published: March 2003

Ramsberg Castle is to be restored and renovated to allow a new use of the building. This requires extensive structural and architectural analyses based upon metric documentation. The façades of the castle were recorded photogrammetrically. Photography from the ground was impossible due to the steep terrain on three sides of the building. For this reason, the photographs were taken from a helicopter. A 4 × 5 inch Linh of Metrika réseau camera was used.Because of the adverse topography, only a few control points could be determined by on‐site theodolite measurement. Therefore the control network was achieved by means of photogrammetric bundle triangulation. Stereorestitution was performed using an analytical plotter connected with a CAD system. Drawings at 1:50 scale were then derived from the as‐built CAD model.
The Photogrammetric Society Analogue Instrument Project: A Ninth Extract
Authors: Burnside C. D. 
Published: March 2003

The paper entitled The Photogrammetric Society Analogue Instrument Project was published in The Photogrammetric Record 14(82): 565‐582 (October 1993). Extracts have appeared in each subsequent issue such that all the standard types of analogue instruments mentioned in the catalogue have now been included, some 28 instruments in all.In this final extract, the three remaining instruments listed in the catalogue are dealt with. All are of a type usually known as approximate solution instruments because they did not attempt any form of accurate space intersection but relied on applying a number of corrections to a model formed on the assumption that the photographs being used were true verticals taken at the same altitude. The accuracies achieved by such instruments depended both on how close the photography being used was to this ideal situation and on the degree of sophistication in the design of the analogue correctors incorporated in any particular instrument. The raison d'être for such a genre of instrument was essentially one of cost. Any organization faced with the requirement to produce small scale topographic mapping of an extensive region within a reasonable period of time might consider spending its available funds on a larger number of cheaper approximate solution instruments, always provided that an acceptable degree of accuracy could be maintained. Fortunately for such projects the specification would normally be for mapping of a graphical order of accuracy produced from high altitude photography. At such altitudes, stable flying conditions and small camera tilts of the order of 3° to 4° could realistically be expected. However, to obtain the best possible results from such photography, the best images possible should be provided for the operator, a factor sometimes overlooked by some manufacturers in their attempts to produce cheaper instruments.In view of the background to the development of British photogrammetry mentioned in previous extracts, it is perhaps surprising that a successful instrument of this type was not produced in the UK at a much earlier point in the era of analogue photogrammetry. Approximate methods were certainly favoured and promoted but only as far as planimetric maps were concerned. For these, form lines rather than contours were drawn when height information was considered necessary. However, when it was finally produced, the Thompson CP1 (manufactured by Cartographic Engineering Ltd.) proved to be an excellent instrument of its type and less approximate in its solution than most of its competitors. The other two instruments described in this extract are the Zeiss Stereotope and the Galileo‐Santoni Stereomicrometer. The instruments are introduced in the order of their appearance on the market, which is also the order of the degree of sophistication found in the analogue computers they employed to reduce the errors introduced by any camera and airbase tilt present in the photography.
The Mozambican Peace Process: An (Over)Abundance of Lessons
Authors: Minter William 
Published: March 2003

Books reviewed in this article:Richard Synge, Mozambique: UN Peacekeeping in Action, 1992–94Jeremy Armon, Dylan Hendrickson, and Alex Vines, eds., The Mozambican Peace Process in PerspectiveCarolyn Nordstrom, A Different Kind of War StoryThomas Ohlson, Power Politics and Peace Politics: Intra‐State Conflict Resolution in Southern Africa
Letters, Notes, and Comments
Authors: Sharma Arvind , Barbieri Jr. William A. 
Published: March 2003

Letter: Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the World's ReligionsCommenting on “Leaping into the Boundless: A Daoist Reading of Comparative Religious Ethics” by Francisca Cho, “Moral Reason, Risk, and Comparative Inquiry” by Robin W. Lovin, “Heuristic Power as the Test of Theory” by Ronald M. Green, and “The Author Replies” by Francisca Cho
A PC‐Based Decision Tool for Roadway Incident Management
Authors: Govind Shekhar , Ardekani Siamak A. , Kazmi Ali 
Published: March 2003

A quick‐response PC tool has been developed to address a number of crucial transportation needs following major road incidents or urban disasters. Known as TEMPO (Transportation Emergency Management of Post‐Incident Operations), the tool is capable of instantaneously identifying near‐optimal traffic‐diversion strategies around disruptions in an urban traffic network. TEMPO utilizes heuristic approaches to estimating the origin‐destination (O‐D) of the traffic on the closed links and reassigning the estimated O‐D to the remainder of the network.This article describes the following features of TEMPO: (1) the GIS‐based data structure that allows graphic user interaction and network editing, including closed street links, changes in number of lanes, cordoned off areas, changes in street directionality, speed limits, and parking regulations, and (2) the algorithm for traffic diversion around the incident based on cordoning the affected region around the closure, estimation of the O‐D matrix for the traffic on the closed links, and reassignment of the O‐D to the network. Finally, a simulation‐based calibration procedure is conducted to compare the TEMPO results with those generated by a popular planning software, TRANPLAN. Thirty‐three incident scenarios in a generic test network are simulated by both TEMPO and TRANPLAN, and the results are compared statistically.
The writing of clinical papers: the analyst as illusionist
Authors: Plaut Fred 
Published: March 2003

Rather than begin by defining what we mean when we call a paper ‘clinical’, I would like to reflect on how such a piece of work originates, how, through the interplay between the written and the spoken word, it becomes clinical and good enough for a professional journal.In the following, I shall pay particular attention to recent publications from the editorial side, that is, those by Wharton, one of the three editors of The Journal of Analytical Psychology, and by Tuckett, editor of The International Journal of Psycho‐Analysis. I shall plead that there should not only be one kind of clinical paper, namely the type that for political reasons seems to be the one that is most wanted at the present time and the aim of which is to put psychoanalysis on more secure foundations than it currently is.
Possible psychosomatic hazards to the therapist: patients as selfobjects
Authors: Redfearn Joe 
Published: March 2003

This speculative paper concerns certain fundamentals of healing and psychotherapy which we mistakenly tend to take for granted. I discuss our need for the feeling of harmony, wholeness, and oneness. I call this archetypal need our ‘normal autistic expectation’. When met, we experience well‐being and ‘healing’. If not sufficiently and reliably met, this expectation becomes an omnipotent demand (‘autistic demand’). Frustration then brings about angry destructiveness, either outwardly directed or inwardly directed, with bodily changes which must be processed if bodily damage is to be minimized.Bereavement, the loss of a person necessary for one's feeling of wholeness (a ‘selfobject’), is an extreme and well‐researched example of such damage. Our selfobjects are ‘healing’ when they help us to complete our sense of self. Our patients, our profession, our colleagues, our place of work and our financial security are normally all part of our selfobject structure.I give examples where patients' own needs for survival or intactness mean that they have to externalize their own hurt and anger for long periods of their therapy. This often means that the therapist's own wholeness and health are under attack, and even damaged permanently, or at least until the damage can be processed. The nature of ‘processing’ in this sense is therefore in need of energetic research.
Pre‐Hispanic perspectives on the modern Mexican psyche; contemporary subjects and ancient objects. A Mayan text of evolution: the stages of creation in the Popol Vuh or sacred book of the Mayans
Authors: Rubinstein Julieta Besquin 
Published: March 2003

The ancestral tribes of Mexico, like any people living within a certain culture, may be affected by the archetypal images and values of their surroundings. Access to the imagery of the Mayan creation myth, the Popol Vuh, has provided an orientation in my analytical work with Mexican patients as they attempt to recreate themselves by engaging their conflicts around their reality, individuality and capacity to relate.I will address the psychological meaning of the different stages of creation: the original creative event, the man of mud, the man of wood, the false sun and the man of corn. With these images, I will illustrate their clinical application in analytic work with three Mexican middle age male patients dealing with different issues of identity and with a young female patient struggling to separate from a manipulative and destructive family system.
Origins of the ethical attitude
Authors: McFarland Solomon Hester 
Published: March 2003

This paper seeks to explore the genesis of the capacity for an ethical attitude, personally and professionally. As analysts working in intimate clinical settings, ethics is at the foundation of our professional lives, as it is at the foundation of our humanity and what it is we struggle towards in our own personal development.The ethical attitude presupposes special responsibilities that we choose to adopt in relation to another. Thus, a parallel situation pertains between caregiver and child and between analyst and patient: they are not equal partners, but nevertheless are in a situation of mutuality, shared subjectivity, and reciprocal influence.The basic premiss of this paper is that the analytic attitude is an ethical attitude, and that the ethical attitude is a developmental achievement, and as such it may reach beyond the depressive position.
Memories, fantasies, archetypes: an exploration of some connections between cognitive science and analytical psychology
Authors: Knox Jean M. 
Published: March 2003

The value of cognitive science as a means of investigating psychodynamic theory and practice is discussed and the limitations of this approach are described. Research findings from cognitive science are drawn on to clarify the nature of memory, which is seen to be a mixture of reproduction and reconstruction and the concepts of true and false memory are explored in this light. The part played by implicit memory and internal working models in producing transference is also examined.New ways of conceptualizing fantasy, which describes it as another facet of internal working models, and the role of transgenerational transmission of attachment patterns in creating internal working models are explored.The nature of archetypes is considered in the light of cognitive science research and a minimalist model is proposed, in which they can be likened to image schemas, that is, primitive conceptual structures that exist in a form which can never be experienced directly or indirectly.
Eu Programme Management 1977‐96: A Performance Indicators Analysis
Authors: Levy Roger 
Published: March 2003

Measuring the performance of public services and programmes is now a generally accepted part of the scenery of public management. In practice, it is often honoured more in the breach than the observance owing to well‐known technical and epistemological problems. In the absence of reliable performance data, normative assumptions may prevail on policy makers and managers alike which are at variance with objective reality.The critique and attempted reform of EU programme management is often based on such assumptions. This paper attempts to provide an empirical and epistemological basis to the judgment of EU programme management by identifying appropriate performance indicators, collecting data on them from audit reports over a 20‐year period and constructing a methodology for analysis. Criteria for reliable sources and the effect of intervening variables on the results are discussed.The paper reviews the evidence of the aggregate data collected for the five major EU spending areas, and suggests some conclusions questioning both commonly held assumptions about, and models for, the reform of EU programme management.
Strategic alliances, organisational learning and new product development: the cases of Rover and Seat
Authors: Álvarez Gil María José , González de la Fé Pedro 
Published: March 2003

The importance of the automotive industry in the global economy is widely recognised. The sector has undergone enormous changes in order to prepare for the fierce competition of the 21st century. Among these transformations, the most relevant are those technologies developed for the rapid evolution of activities linked to new designs, new products, and new manufacturing processes and systems. Innovative Japanese carmakers have stimulated international performance comparisons in these activities.International technology alliances may be one way of gaining access to new competitive technologies. Risks and costs associated with new product development can be shared among the partners and more effective use can be made of manufacturing facilities and production capabilities. Sometimes, an alliance agreement may lead to the deployment of new capabilities. However, in spite of this potential, the literature presents the success rate of alliances at less than 50%.Our study considers two examples of companies that developed international joint ventures (IJVs): Rover with Honda, and Seat with Volkswagen. Since these two European peripheral companies, Rover and Seat, no longer remain as independent firms, we are interested in identifying the reasons leading to the success or failure of these IJVs as regards the New Product Development (NPD) process. In particular, in both cases the paper looks at the problems of the weaker partner becoming increasingly dependent on the other partner and the need for a well‐defined strategy to benefit from IJVs.
Optimal exploration investments under price and geological‐technical uncertainty: a real options model
Authors: Cortazar Gonzalo , Schwartz Eduardo S. , Casassus Jaime 
Published: March 2003

This article develops a real options model for valuing natural resource exploration investments (e.g. oil or copper) when there is joint price and geological‐technical uncertainty. After a successful several‐stage exploration phase, there is a development investment and an extraction phase. All phases are optimized contingent on price and geological‐technical uncertainty.Several real options are considered. There are flexible investment schedules for all exploration stages and a timing option for the development investment. Once the mine is developed, there are closure, opening and abandonment options for the extraction phase. Our model maintains a relatively simple valuation structure by collapsing price and geological‐technical uncertainty into a one‐factor model.We apply the model to a copper exploration prospect and find that a significant fraction of total project value is due to the operational, development and exploration options available to project managers.
Organizational learning through post–project reviews in R&D
Authors: Von Zedtwitz Maximilian 
Published: March 2003

Post–project reviews are one opportunity to systematically improve performance in subsequent projects. However, a survey reveals that only one out of five R&D projects receives a post–project review. Post–project reviews – if they take place – are typically constrained by lack of time and attention as well as lack of personal interest and ability. They focus mostly on technical output and bureaucratic measurements; process–related factors such as project management are rarely discussed.In this paper we review the role of post–project meetings as a tool to improve organizational learning at the group level. Based on 27 in–depth interviews with R&D managers carried out between 1997 and 2001, we categorize four classes of learning impediments. These difficulties are not easily resolved, as is illustrated by examples from Hewlett–Packard, DaimlerChrysler, SAP, Unisys, the US Army, and others. We propose a five–level post–project review capability maturity model, identifying some of the key capabilities that need to be in place in order to advance to the next process maturity level. Most companies reside on the first or second maturity level. Our conclusion is that many companies give away great potential for competence building by neglecting post–project reviews as a tool for systematic inter–project learning.
Rediscovering H. H. Farmer
Authors: Hick John 
Published: March 2003

Books reviewed in this article:H. H. Farmer, C. H. Partridge (ed.), Reconciliation and Religion: Some Aspects of the Uniqueness of Christianity as a Reconciling FaithC. H. Partridge, H. H. Farmer's Theological Interpretation of Religion: Towards a Personalist Theology of Religions
Recent books on ≡ world religion(s)
Authors: Wollaston Isabel 
Published: March 2003

Books reviewed in this article:Dan Cohn‐Sherbok, A Concise Encyclopedia of JudaismKlaus K. Klostermaier, A Concise Encyclopedia of HinduismGeoffrey Parrinder, A Concise Encyclopedia of ChristianityDan Cohn‐Sherbok, JudaismJamal J. Elias, IslamBradley K. Hawkins, BuddhismCybelle Shattuck, HinduismBrian Wilson, ChristianityMary Pat Fisher, Religion in the Twenty‐first Century
Recent Books in ≡ Biblical Studies
Authors: Gillingham Susan 
Published: March 2003

Books reviewed in this article:J. P. Burgess, Why Scripture Matters: Reading the Bible in a Time of Church ConflictT. E. Fretheim and K. Froehlich, The Bible as Word of God in a Postmodern AgeR. S. Hess and G. J. Wenham (eds), Make the Old Testament Live from Curriculum to ClassroomM. E. Mills, Images of God in the Old TestamentR. J. Clifford, The Wisdom LiteratureS. L. McKenzie and M. P. Graham (eds), The Hebrew Bible Today: An Introduction to the Critical IssuesP. R. Davies, Scribes and Schools: The Canonization of the Hebrew ScripturesF. F. Segovia and M. A. Tolbert (eds), Teaching the Bible: The Discourses and Politics of Biblical Pedagogy
Lower Tax Progression, Longer Hours and Higher Wages
Authors: Hansen Claus Thustrup 
Published: March 2003

The impact of tax reforms that decrease income tax progression is analysed in an equilibrium search model with wage bargaining and endogenous individual working hours. Working hours are either bargained together with the hourly wage (case 1) or determined solely by workers after bargaining over the wage (case 2). In both cases reducing tax progression increases working hours of employed and, more interestingly, unambiguously increases wages and unemployment. Wages and unemployment rise more and working hours and production less in case 1 compared to case 2, probably making case 2 countries best suited for such tax reforms. JEL Classification: H24; J22; J41
Discount Chains and Brand Policy
Authors: Gabrielsen Tommy Staahl , Sørgard Lars 
Published: March 2003

Retail chains are observed in many industries. The question addressed here is whether retail chains can exploit buyer power by excluding some brands. In a theoretical model with two differentiated producers and a single retailer, we show that a retailer will require exclusivity (exclude a brand) if the brands are sufficiently symmetric in demand potential. Exclusivity will increase welfare if the excluded brand is a close substitute for the brand carried by the retailer. Our theoretical results are also set in relation to some findings from the Norwegian grocery industry. JEL Classification: L12; L42
Investors Facing Opportunistic Governments: Is it Really Good to “Know the Market” before Investing?
Authors: Erbenová Michaela , Vagstad Steinar 
Published: March 2003

When a government cannot commit to future policies, investors face the risk of opportunistic behavior in addition to uncertain market conditions. We show that although reducing market uncertainty is sometimes essential for investment, it may aggravate problems of opportunism. The better informed the investor is before investing, the more information the government can infer from observing that investment takes place, in turn enabling more efficient rent extraction. This signaling effect can dominate; if the investor receives “too accurate” information before investing, the only equilibrium is the one in which no investment occurs. JEL classification: D82; L51
Declining Returns to Education in Norway? Comparing Estimates across Cohorts, Sectors and over Time
Authors: Haegeland Torbjørn , Klette Tor Jakob , Salvanes Kjell G. 
Published: March 2003

We examine the role of the Norwegian education system in explaining the moderate and stable earnings dispersion in Norway. Estimating earnings equations for 1980 and 1990, we find that returns to education have been remarkably stable in Norway, also when we compare returns to education across different sectors of the economy. Our analysis controls for self‐selection into education by using an instrumental variable technique. We estimate separate education earnings profiles for different cohorts to identify the effect on wage premiums of the large changes that have taken place in the Norwegian education system. The substantially higher level of educational attainment for more recent cohorts does not, cet. par., seem to have a negative effect on educational wage premiums for these younger cohorts.JEL classification: J24, J31, I
Transfer Pricing and Ownership Structure
Authors: Gabrielsen Tommy Staahl , Schjelderup Guttorm 
Published: March 2003

We study the performance of jointly owned production units where upstream firms sell inputs to a downstream final market producer. It is found that, compared to integrated firms, co‐ownership leads to overinvoicing of input prices (transfer prices), resulting in lower aggregate profits. Tax and tariff policy may lessen the organizational inefficiencies of jointly owned firms. The analysis suggests that firms must have other reasons for forming jointly owned production units than those guided by production efficiency and benefits from delegation of decision‐making.JEL classification: F23; L23
International Trade, Bargaining and Efficiency: The Holdup Problem
Authors: Wes Marina 
Published: March 2003

In the presence of product market imperfections and holdup, we identify allocative and productive efficiency gains resulting from international trade. Under a bilateral monopoly in a closed economy, inefficiencies arise in both input and output markets. Trade in final goods has a procompetitive effect in the product market. This in turn triggers an increase in output, which raises incentives for the upstream firm to invest and helps reduce the hold‐up problem.JEL classification: F12; F13; F15
The sociolinguistic development of Yiddish: Eighteenth to the twentieth centuries
Authors: Isaacs Miriam 
Published: March 2003

Books reviewed in this article:Estraikh, Gennady Soviet Yiddish: Language Planning and Linguistic DevelopmentKerler, Dov‐Ber The Origins of Modern Literary YiddishPeltz, Rakhmiel From Immigrant to Ethnic Culture: American Yiddish in South Philadelphia