bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global climate change and seasonal variation of cellulitis in hospitalized children: a 30 year retrospective study
Authors: Megged Orli , Raphael Allon , Burstyn Amalia , Deri Noy , Schwartz Shepard , Eisenberg Rachel , Toker Ori 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cellulitis, a common subcutaneous infection, is influenced by host, pathogen, and environmental factors. Previous studies have shown seasonal patterns in adult cellulitis, suggesting temperature as a risk factor. This study investigated seasonal patterns in paediatric cellulitis in Jerusalem’s semi-arid climate. A single-center retrospective cohort study reviewed medical records of 2,219 hospitalized children under 18 with cellulitis between 1990 and 2020. Demographic, clinical, temperature, and humidity data were collected. Results revealed a significant sinusoidal pattern for limb cellulitis (LC) but for other body sites, with summer peaks and winter nadirs (P < 0.01). August showed the highest incidence, tripling that of February. Age groups 1-6 and 6-12 demonstrated the largest seasonal differences (P = 0.004, P = 0.008). Over three decades, paediatric hospitalized LC cases increased by 71% (P < 0.001), correlating with rising temperatures. Elevated ambient temperature seven days prior to diagnosis was a risk factor for LC development (OR = 1.02, P = 0.03). This study highlights the cyclic seasonal pattern of paediatric LC, peaking in summer. The significant increase in cases over time, coupled with rising temperatures, suggests climate change as a contributing factor. These findings could inform public health strategies for cellulitis prevention and management in children.
Performance and functional assessment of the Kimera P-IV point-of-care plasmonic qPCR prototype for ultra rapid pathogen detection of chlamydia trachomatis
Authors: Hayes Joshua , Lee Seung Soo , Carnevale Jason , Shamir Daniel , Bohbot Marc , Kirk Andrew G. , Paliouras Miltiadis , Trifiro Mark A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Current standard microbiological techniques are generally very time consuming, usually requiring 24–72 h to establish a diagnosis. Consequentially, contemporary clinical practices implement broad-spectrum antibiotic administration prior to pathogen detection, prompting the emergence of extremely dangerous antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Additionally, lengthy test-to-result turnover times can greatly exacerbate the rate of disease spread. Rapid point-of-care (POC) diagnostics has quickly gained importance since the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic; accordingly, we have developed a rapid four-channel POC plasmonic quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) machine (Kimera P-IV) to respond to the deficiencies in infection control. Utilizing gold nanorods (GNRs) as nano-heaters and integrating vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL) to replace traditional Peltier blocks, the Kimera P-IV has also incorporated quantitative real-time fluorescent monitoring. Using Chlamydia trachomatis genetic material to evaluate the rapid thermocycling performance of the platform, we have generated positive amplicons in less than 13 min; however, to achieve these results, several biological reagent considerations needed to be taken into account, specifically primer design. The device can achieve a limit of detection (LoD) of <101 DNA copies, a PCR efficiency of 88.3%, and can differentiate positive from negative results with 100% accuracy. Moreover, it can also analyze C. trachomatis DNA spiked urine samples via a simple dilution, suggesting that a separate nucleic acid step may not be needed for diagnosing infections. In conclusion, the operation of the Kimera P-IV prototype places it in a unique position of POC devices to revolutionize infectious disease diagnosis.
Percutaneous permeabilisation with electrosurgery of intrahepatic inferior vena cava agenesis in a 12-year-old boy
Authors: Figueras-Coll Marc , Sabidó-Sánchez Laura , Betrián-Blasco Pedro 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe describe a 12-year-old boy with agenesis of the intrahepatic segment of the inferior vena cava (a rare congenital anomaly) in whom an electrified coronary guidewire with electrocautery was used percutaneously to perforate and open the atretic segment, followed by stent implantation. This technique may be a safe and feasible option for paediatric patients, offering a therapeutic alternative for complex cardiac anatomies.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: The Case of Armenia
Authors: Atoyan Vardan , Brosius Logan , Movsisyan Nane , Ohanyan Sofya , Hovyan Vahram 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Artificial intelligence in higher education has expanded worldwide with the growth of AI technologies. The emergent applications of artificial intelligence in higher education (AIEd) in course preparation, delivery, and administration as well as in learning assistants and prediction for the sake of learners are widely considered important innovations that can change education worldwide. The Armenian case was examined via a survey that was conducted at the country’s leading universities to investigate whether and how faculty use AIEd. Although the results indicate that many Armenian teaching faculty use AIEd in narrow capacities and acknowledge the potential usefulness of AIEd in the practical administration of Armenia’s higher education, the use of AIEd is not deep.
MDMA-assisted therapy: challenges, clinical trials, and the future of MDMA in treating behavioral disorders
Authors: O’Brien Steve , Nutt David 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter explores the complex and controversial path of MDMA-assisted therapy (MDMA-AT) for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other behavioral disorders. It covers MDMA’s history from research to recreation to medicine, the pivotal trials, and the challenges faced by researchers. Despite recent setbacks for the clinical application of MDMA, the chapter argues that it holds potential for transforming psychiatry and discusses the uncertain future amidst ongoing debates over ethics, methodology, and political influence.
Challenges from the field: experiences of first-year hemp farmers in Nebraska
Authors: Caldwell Jason , Colclasure Blake C. , Granberry Tyler 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Despite its recent history as a controlled substance, hemp holds promise in contributing to more resilient and sustainable agricultural systems in the United States. Due to reclassification in the 2018 Farm Bill, hemp grown for fiber, grain, and cannabidiol has become an intriguing new crop for many farmers. However, the introduction of hemp into an established agricultural landscape has been met with challenges. This qualitative study explores the experiences of 15 first-year hemp producers in Nebraska, United States. The producers in this study describe the complexities they encountered, including navigating stringent state and federal regulations, securing insurance and loans, and overcoming the public and political stigma associated with cannabis. Additionally, gaps in research and development have contributed to producers' difficulties in accessing credible information, high production costs, and labor shortages. Lastly, farmers expressed having a lack of control options to combat the presence of weeds and insects. Based on these findings, we conclude that, although challenges are to be expected with any new crop, many of the issues encountered by the farmers in the study could be overcome or lessened by research, agricultural extension, and government support. We recommend continued research in hemp production, both in crop production and processing, along with dissemination of meaningful results, to aid producers in building their knowledge base. Additionally, government agencies that oversee hemp production could improve accessibility through revisions to regulations and financial resources for producers.
Assessment of nonchemical weed management of windmill palm (Trachycarpus fortunei) nursery
Authors: Inci Deniz , Uludağ Ahmet , Al-Khatib Kassim 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The windmill palm is a distinctive outdoor ornamental palm adapted to cooler climates. Weeds pose significant challenges in palm nurseries, particularly during seedling and establishment stages. This research was conducted in a nursery with 5,500 windmill palm seedlings, starting in April 2014 when the palm trees were three years old. Experiments were terminated in October 2018 when weed control was no longer necessary due to the advanced growth stages of the palm trees. The objectives were to determine the weed composition and diversity, elucidate the effects of mechanical weed management (MWM) on growth rate of palm, and develop a sustainable program to maximize palm tree growth through effective weed management and soil tillage. Owing to the lack of registered nursery herbicides in Türkiye, weed control was performed mechanically using garden hoeing machines between rows and hand hoeing for intra-row strips. The most common and dense weeds were purple nutsedge, annual mercury, and common purslane in summer-autumn, and burning nettle in winter-spring. In 2014, weed densities were 100, 127, and 145 weeds m–2 for MWM, hand-weeding (HW), and nontreated (NT), respectively. Transplanted palm seedlings required at least two, ideally three growing seasons of intensive weed control until the palm tree crowns block sunlight and suppress weed growth. The research indicated palm trees in the MWM treatment had approximately 84 leaves and a height of 210 cm by October 2018, compared to 54 leaves and 136 cm for HW, and 40 leaves and 100 cm for NT. These results highlight the critical role of MWM in promoting optimal growth of Chinese windmill palms. Effective and sustainable weed management, combining MWM and HW, is essential for producing high-quality palm trees, which are valuable insights for nursery managers and contribute to best practices for cultivating windmill palm trees in similar climatic regions.
Seasonal Variation and Key Controls of Groundwater Ammonium Concentrations in Hypoxic/Anoxic Riparian Sediments
Authors: Sena Matthew G. , Peipoch Marc , Joshi Bisesh , Rahman Md. Moklesur , Peck Erin , Gold Arthur J. , Kan Jinjun , Inamdar Shreeram 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe seasonal controls of hydrology, temperature, hypoxia, and biogeochemical conditions for groundwater ammonium–N (NH4+) concentrations are not well understood. Here we investigated these controls for riparian groundwaters located upstream of two milldams over a period of 4 years. Groundwater chemistry was sampled monthly while groundwater elevations, hydraulic gradients, and temperatures were recorded sub‐hourly. Distinct seasonal patterns for NH4+ were observed which differed among the wells. For wells that displayed a strong seasonal pattern, NH4+ concentrations increased through the summer and peaked in October–November. These elevated concentrations were attributed to ammonification, suppression of nitrification, and/or dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA). These processes were driven by high groundwater temperatures, low hydraulic gradients (or long residence times), hypoxic/anoxic groundwater conditions, and increased availability of dissolved organic carbon as an electron donor. In contrast, NH4+ concentrations decreased in the riparian groundwater from January to April during cool and wet conditions. A groundwater well with elevated total dissolved iron (TdFe) concentrations had elevated NH4+ concentrations but displayed a muted seasonal response. In addition to hydrologic controls, we attributed this response to additional NH4+ contribution from Fe‐driven autotrophic DNRA and/or ammonification linked to dissimilatory Fe reduction. Understanding the temporal patterns and factors controlling NH4+ in riparian groundwaters is important for making appropriate watershed management decisions and implementing appropriate best management practices.
Mooring Observation and Numerical Simulation of the Oblique Wave‐Wave Interactions in the Andaman Sea
Authors: Yang Yunchao , Huang Xiaodong , Huang Siwei , Zhao Wei , Guo Jingsong , Sangmanee Chalermrat , Zhou Chun , Tian Jiwei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractInternal solitary waves (ISWs) typically exhibit a strong tendency to preserve their waveforms and amplitudes upon collision, but this preservation breaks down when two ISWs obliquely interact. Although oblique wave‐wave interactions have been frequently observed in the oceans worldwide and studied extensively through theoretical research and satellite imagery, the fundamental underwater dynamics and spatiotemporal evolution of these interactions remain poorly understood. This study presents a detailed investigation of oblique ISW interactions in the southern Andaman Sea, integrating long‐term in situ mooring data with high‐resolution 3D numerical simulations. The observations show that when two ISW packets interact obliquely, they merge into a new, chaotic waveform with significant disruption to the horizontal velocity field. The resulting merged ISW is asymmetric, narrow, and steep, exhibiting a particular velocity structure with enhanced current shears. It is worth noting that the amplitude (energy) of the merged ISW is approximately 25% (79%) larger than the combined amplitude of the two incident ISWs, highlighting the strong nonlinearity that has been long proposed by previous theoretical studies. Theoretical analyses suggest that the observed interaction is strong and non‐phase‐conserving, and the resulting merged ISW is a part of an evolving Mach stem. Additionally, model simulations indicate that ISWs originating from three distinct source regions interact in multiple ways, each producing unique variations in crest patterns and wave intensity, which is far more complex than earlier theoretical predictions. This study underscores the critical role of oblique wave‐wave interactions in altering the 3D characteristics of ISWs, including both their underwater dynamics and along‐crest variability.
Shoreline Seasonality of California's Beaches
Authors: Warrick Jonathan A. , Buscombe Daniel , Vos Kilian , Kenyon Hannah , Ritchie Andy C. , Harley Mitchell D. , Janda Catherine , L’Heureux Jess , Vitousek Sean 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe report on remote sensing techniques developed to characterize seasonal shoreline cycles from satellite‐derived shoreline measurements. These techniques are applied to 22‐yr of shoreline measurements for over 777 km of beach along California's 1,700‐km coast, for which the general understanding is that shorelines exhibit winter‐narrow and summer‐recovery seasonality. We find that approximately 90% of beach transects exhibit significant and recurring seasonal cycles in the shoreline position. Seasonal shoreline excursions are twice as large in northern and central California (17.5–32.2 m) than southern California (7.3–15.9 m; interquartile ranges). Clustering analyses were effective at characterizing the temporal patterns of the seasonality, revealing that ∼459 km of beach (59%) exhibit winter‐narrow conditions, whereas ∼189 km (24%) and ∼50 km (6.4%) exhibit spring‐narrow and summer‐narrow conditions, respectively. These spring‐ and summer‐narrow conditions are most common in southern California, where they represent over half of the total length of beach shoreline. Multivariate analyses reveal that wave climate and geomorphic setting are significantly related to the magnitude and timing of shoreline seasonal cycles. Combinations of these variables explain 44% of the seasonality variance of the complete data set and 85% of the variance for a subset of 93 long (>1 km) continuous beaches. We conclude that diversity in waves and geomorphic setting along California cause a broad range of seasonal patterns in the shoreline. Combined, this indicates that the overly generalized “winter‐narrow/summer‐recovery” conventions for California beaches are not expressed universally and that shoreline seasonality is far more diverse than these simple canonical rules.
A Comprehensive Framework for Evaluation of Skeletonization Impacts on Urban Drainage Network Model Simulations
Authors: Ji Yiran , Zheng Feifei , Yang Yongfei , Shuai Jia , Huang Yuan , Kapelan Zoran , Savic Dragan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUrban drainage network models (UDNMs) have been widely used to facilitate flood management. Typically, a UDNM is developed using data from Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and hence it consists of many short pipes and connection nodes or manholes. To improve modeling efficiency, a GIS‐based model is generally skeletonized by removing many elements. However, there has been surprisingly a lack of knowledge on to what extent such skeletonization can affect the model's simulation accuracy, resulting in uncertainty in flood risk estimation. This paper makes the first attempt to quantitatively evaluate multidimensional impacts of different skeletonization levels on hydraulic properties of UDNMs. This goal is achieved by a new evaluation framework comprising of eight existing and new metrics that make use of hydrographs, main pipe hydraulics and flood distribution properties. A real‐life UDNM is used to illustrate the new framework under various rainfall conditions and different skeletonization levels. The new framework is also used to compare the performance of two compensation methods in mitigating impacts caused by model skeletonization. Results obtained show that: (a) model skeletonization can significantly affect the magnitude of peak flow at the outfall, with a maximum overestimation of up to 20%, (b) hydraulics in main pipes can also be affected by model skeletonization with the maximum flow increasing up to 35%, and (c) model skeletonization may significantly alter the flood distribution properties which has been largely ignored in past studies. These findings provide guidance for UDNM skeletonization, where their associated impacts should be aware in engineering practice.
Improving UK data on avoidable perinatal brain injury: review of data dictionaries and consultation
Authors: van der Scheer Jan W. , Komolafe Victoria , Webster Kirstin , Iliodromiti Stamatina , Roehr Charles C. , Khalil Asma , Draycott Tim , Dewick Louise , Dunn George , Walsh Rachel , Steer Philip , Giusti Alessandra , Cabling Mark L. , Fahy Nick ,   ABC Contributor Group, Frémeaux Alissa E. , Karia Amar M. , Anderson Annette , Leigh Bertie , Gale Chris , Doherty Cora , Wolstenholme Daniel , Walker James , Gudgeon Julia , Cowell Laura , Knight Marian , Jolly Matthew C. , Wahedally Muhammed Ally Hussein , van Hasselt Tim J. , Harris Tina , Dixon-Woods Mary 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
High quality data is important to understanding epidemiology and supporting improvement efforts in perinatal brain injury. It is not clear which data items relevant to brain injury are captured across UK sources of routinely collected data, nor what needs to be done to ensure that those sources are fit for purpose in improving care.

Methods
We reviewed data dictionaries of four main UK perinatal data sources and consulted a multi-professional group (N = 27) with expertise in neonatal/maternity care, statistics, and clinical negligence.

Results
None of the data sources we reviewed currently captures, on its own, the range of items relevant to brain injury. Data items lack common definitions and ongoing linkage across the different sources. Our consultation identified the need for standardising the definition of avoidable perinatal brain injury, resolving inconsistencies in capturing data, improving linkage of data across existing data sources, and co-designing a strategy for meaningful use of data.

Conclusions
Limited standardisation and linkage across UK data sources are key problems in using data to guide improvement efforts aimed at reducing risk of avoidable perinatal brain injury. A programme involving co-design with healthcare professionals and families to improve capture and use of data is now needed.

Impact

Limited standardisation and linkage across UK data sources currently challenge the use of data as the basis of efforts to reduce risk of avoidable perinatal brain injury.

A harmonisation programme involving consultation and co-design with healthcare professionals, families, and other specialists is needed to enable better capture and use of data in this key area.

There is need to standardise the definition of avoidable perinatal brain injury, resolve inconsistencies in capturing data, improve linkage of data collected across existing data sources, and co-design a strategy for meaningful use of data.
Concurrent inhibition of p300/CBP and FLT3 enhances cytotoxicity and overcomes resistance in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Chen Yu-jun , Zhao Yu , Yao Ming-yue , Wang Ya-fang , Ma Ming , Yu Cheng-cheng , Jiang Hua-liang , Wei Wu , Shen Jie , Xu Xiao-wei , Xie Cheng-ying 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3), a class 3 receptor tyrosine kinase, can be activated by mutations of internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) or point mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain (FLT3-TKD), leading to constitutive activation of downstream signaling cascades, including the JAK/STAT5, PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAS/MAPK pathways, which promote the progression of leukemic cells. Despite the initial promise of FLT3 inhibitors, the discouraging outcomes in the treatment of FLT3-ITD-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) promote the pursuit of more potent and enduring therapeutic approaches. The histone acetyltransferase complex comprising the E1A binding protein P300 and its paralog CREB-binding protein (p300/CBP) is a promising therapeutic target, but the development of effective p300/CBP inhibitors faces challenges due to inherent resistance and low efficacy, often exacerbated by the absence of reliable clinical biomarkers for patient stratification. In this study we investigated the role of p300/CBP in FLT3-ITD AML and evaluated the therapeutic potential of targeting p300/CBP alone or in combination with FLT3 inhibitors. We showed that high expression of p300 was significantly associated with poor prognosis in AML patients and positively correlated with FLT3 expression. We unveiled that the p300/CBP inhibitors A485 or CCS1477 dose-dependently downregulated FLT3 transcription via abrogation of histone acetylation in FLT3-ITD AML cells; in contrast, the FLT3 inhibitor quizartinib reduced the level of H3K27Ac. Concurrent inhibition of p300/CBP and FLT3 enhanced the suppression of FLT3 signaling and H3K27 acetylation, concomitantly reducing the phosphorylation of STAT5, AKT, ERK and the expression of c-Myc, thereby leading to synergistic antileukemic effects both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we found that p300/CBP-associated transcripts were highly expressed in quizartinib-resistant AML cells with FLT3-TKD mutation. Targeting p300/CBP with A485 or CCS1477 retained the efficacy of quizartinib, suggesting marked synergy when combined with p300/CBP inhibitors in quizartinib-resistant AML models, as well as primary FLT3-ITD+ AML samples. These results demonstrate a potential therapeutic strategy of combining p300/CBP and FLT3 inhibitors to treat FLT3-ITD and FLT3-TKD AML.