bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A first morphological and electrophysiological characterization of Fañanas cells of the mouse cerebellum
Authors: Singer A. , Trigo F. , Vinel L. , Gruere O. , Llano I. , Oheim Martin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFañanas cells (FCs) are cerebellar glia of unknown function. First described more than a century ago, they have been almost absent from the scientific literature ever since. Here, we combined whole‐cell, patch clamp recordings, near‐UV laser photolysis, dye‐loading and confocal imaging for a first characterization of FCs in terms of their morphology, electrophysiology and glutamate‐evoked currents. We identified FCs of the molecular layer in cerebellar slices by their stubby process and small cell bodies. Despite their more compact shape compared to Bergmann glia (BGs), FCs showed similar membrane resistances and basal currents, suggesting that these passive currents are partly a result of electrical coupling between neighbouring glia. Dye filling and pharmacological experiments confirmed both homo‐ and heterotypic gap‐junction coupling among FCs and BGs. Parallel‐fibre stimulation evoked TTX‐sensitive slow inward currents in FCs that were partially blocked by NBQX but not APV. Occasionally, we observed superimposed fast (milliseconds) current transients. Near‐UV flash photolysis of MNI‐caged glutamate revealed rapid desensitization of these AMPA‐receptor mediated currents, which fully recovered only for stimulation intervals >500 ms. We mapped the highest current densities in proximal processes. We conclude that FCs respond with fast AMPA currents to local glutamate release and they integrate ambient glutamate rises to a slow inward current. Interestingly, we found FCs to prevail throughout adulthood at stable but different densities among cerebellar lobules, with the highest cell densities in lobules I–II and X. Our results strongly suggest that FCs are not just displaced BGs, and that they may have lobule‐specific functions ‐ both locally and at the circuit level, yet to be uncovered.
imageKey points
Using whole‐cell recordings and near‐UV laser photolyisis of caged glutamate, we provide a first characterization of cells of Fañanas (FCs) in mouse cerebellar slices.
FCs are present from postnatal day 5 onward throughout adulthood and have a lobule‐ dependent density.
Parallel‐fibre stimulation generates biphasic, predominantly AMPA‐mediated currents in FCs.
Currents induced in FCs by parallel fibre stimulation are not NMDA receptor‐dependent and are enhanced upon glutamate‐transporter block with TBOA.
Local near‐UV glutamate uncaging indicates that FCs can detect fast glutamatergic inputs on the millisecond‐time scale.
FCs functionally integrate into the glial syncytium.
Dendritic alterations precede age‐related dysphagia and nucleus ambiguus motor neuron death
Authors: Fogarty Matthew J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMotor neurons (MNs) within the nucleus ambiguus innervate the skeletal muscles of the larynx, pharynx and oesophagus, which are essential for swallow. Disordered swallow (dysphagia) is a serious problem in elderly humans, increasing the risk of aspiration, a key contributor to mortality. Despite this importance, very little is known about the pathophysiology of ageing dysphagia and the relative importance of frank muscle weakness compared to timing/activation abnormalities. In elderly humans and in aged Fisher 344 (F344) rats, a variety of motor pools exhibit weakness and atrophy (sarcopenia), contemporaneous to MN death. Synchronisation of swallow is dependent on the stability of MN dendrites, which integrate neural circuits. Dendritic derangement occurs in many neuromotor degenerative conditions prior to MN death. We hypothesise behavioural weakness and death of nucleus ambiguus MNs will occur by age 24 months in F344 rats and that this will be preceded by swallow‐respiration dyscoordination and dendritic arbour degenerations from 18 months compared to controls at 6 months. Using pressure catheters to estimate laryngeal and diaphragm function during naturalistic water bolus applications, we show that swallow number and post‐swallow apnoeas are altered from 18 months. Swallow pressure (weakness) and nucleus ambiguus MN numbers (evaluated via stereological assessments of Nissl staining) were reduced at 24 months. Dendritic lengths, surface areas and dendritic spines were reduced in nucleus ambiguus MNs from 18 months (evaluated by confocal imaging of Golgi‐Cox impregnated brainstem). These results show that synapse loss occurs prior to MN death and behavioural weakness. Strategies to preserve synapses may be of utility in ameliorating sarcopenia.
imageKey points
Dysphagia is a major contributor to ageing morbidity and mortality, but the underling pathophysiology is unexplored.
Here, in Fischer 344 rats, we use pressure and timing evaluations of swallow‐respiration, showing timing impairments occur prior to frank pressure defects.
In nucleus ambiguus motor neurons, dendritic defects were apparent with the onset of swallow–respiration dyscoordination, with frank motor neuron loss occurring subsequently to synapse loss.
Our results show that synapse loss occurs prior to motor neuron death and behavioural impairments. Strategies to preserve synapses may be of utility in ameliorating sarcopaenia.
Incremental Machine Learning-integrated Blockchain for Real-time Security Protection in Cyber-enabled Manufacturing Systems
Authors: Oskolkov Boris , Kan Chen , Tian Wenmeng , Law Andrew Chung Chee , Liu Chenang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cyber-enabled manufacturing systems become increasingly data-rich, generating vast amounts of real-time sensor data for quality control and process optimization. However, it also exposes these systems to significant cyber-physical security threats. For instance, attackers may delete, change, or replace data, leading to defective products, damaged equipment, or operational safety hazards. False data injection attacks can compromise machine learning (ML) models, resulting in erroneous outcomes. To mitigate these risks, it is crucial to employ robust data processing techniques that can adapt to varying process conditions and detect anomalies in real-time. In this context, incremental machine learning (IML) can be valuable, allowing models to be updated incrementally with newly collected data without retraining from scratch. Moreover, although recent studies have demonstrated the potential of blockchain in enhancing data security in manufacturing systems, most existing frameworks are primarily based on cryptography, which does not sufficiently address data quality issues. Thus, this study proposes a gatekeeper mechanism to integrate IML with blockchain and discusses how this integration could potentially increase data integrity of cyber-enabled manufacturing systems. The proposed IML-integrated blockchain can potentially address data security concerns from both intentional (e.g., malicious tampering) and unintentional alterations (e.g., process anomalies). The case study results show that the proposed gatekeeper integration algorithm can successfully filter out over 80% of malicious data entries while maintaining comparable classification performance to standard IML models. Furthermore, the integration of blockchain enables effective detection of tampering attempts, ensuring the trustworthiness of the stored information.
An Artificial Intelligence Application for In-Process Springback Control of Sheet Metal Bending
Authors: Fann Kuang-Jau , Chen Lin-Pen , Yang Chun-Yen , Lee Chen-Yi , Tsai Chang-Yu , Wang Jyhwen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Bending is the fastest and most efficient process commonly used in the industry for processing thin metal sheets into three-dimensional shapes by localized deformation using only a single geometrical die. However, suppliers provide metal sheets with variations in dimension and mechanical properties, which causes inconsistencies in the final angle after bending. This requires manual checking and correction of each angle, resulting in inefficiency. The problem can be resolved by considering the variations in the sheets and adjusting the bending stroke accordingly. This study used neural network technology to create a model that predicts the final stroke required based on load measurements during the bending process. The model was implemented and validated using a laboratory press. With a root-mean-square error of less than 0.27 deg, the model demonstrates its feasibility for practical industrial applications within the range of its training data.
Evolution Design Methodology of the Metamorphic Mechanisms Inspired by Gene Deduction
Authors: Zhang Yang , Xu Peng , Li Bing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article proposes an evolutionary design method for metamorphic mechanisms inspired by gene deduction. First, the correlations between biological evolution and mechanical evolution, biological systems and mechanical systems, and genes and mechanisms are revealed. There are many similarities between biology and mechanism. Biological principles can be applied to the study and design of the mechanisms to adapt well to tasks and environments. The correlation between genetic operation and mechanical design is developed. The selection operator, recombination operator, and mutation operator of the mechanisms are deduced by inspiring genes. To verify the rationality of these operators, they are used to construct 5R (revolute joints) overconstrained closed-loop linkage, 6R metamorphic closed-loop linkage, 7R deployable closed-loop linkage, and 2RP (prismatic joint) RR metamorphic parallel mechanism (MPM). The mobilities of these mechanisms are analyzed via the atlas method. Finally, the evolutionary design method of MPMs is introduced and used to design the mechanisms with 2R1T (two rotation one translation) and 1R2T modes, which verify the effectiveness of the method. The proposed evolutionary design method provides a new theoretical tool for the design of metamorphic single-loop and parallel mechanisms.
HM-SYNC: A Multimodal Dataset of Human Interactions With Advanced Manufacturing Machinery
Authors: Martins John , Lin Cheyu , Flanigan Katherine A. , McComb Christopher 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A deep understanding of manufacturing processes is essential for advancing manufacturing-oriented design and engineering complex systems. As advanced manufacturing technologies evolve, systems have grown more complex, and human interaction has become a vital component of both operation and design. This shift introduces new challenges as human roles within these systems extend beyond traditional boundaries and are not yet fully understood in current design processes. Characterizing human interactions within manufacturing systems is therefore critical to supporting further advancements. Additionally, human behavior plays a significant role in many engineered systems beyond manufacturing, underscoring the value of developing methodologies to better analyze human behavior and interactions within complex environments. These methodologies can broadly support and enhance diverse aspects of engineering design. This study presents HM-SYNC, which is a comprehensive dataset of human interactions with advanced manufacturing machinery, specifically a wire-arc additive manufacturing machine. Depth images and 3D skeleton joints are collected over 6 months using privacy-preserving pose tracking with depth cameras. HM-SYNC includes thousands of interactions across various contexts, goals, and users, providing valuable insights into patterns of human–machine interaction. By capturing a diverse range of interactions in natural settings, this dataset supports advancements in human-centered manufacturing design and facilitates the development of more effective manufacturing systems. This dataset can enhance models and digital twins of manufacturing systems, help operators optimize machinery use and efficiency, and guide designers in refining machine and system design, to name just a few applications.
Running Low: A Seasonal Analysis of Micronutrient Deficiencies on External-Load Measures in Elite Female Rugby League Players
Authors: Pengelly Michael , Pumpa Kate , Pyne David B. , Etxebarria Naroa 
Published: January 2025

Iron and vitamin D are essential for physiological mechanisms underpinning physical capacities characterizing team-sport performance. Yet, the impact of iron deficiency on physical capacities beyond endurance is not clear. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess variations in seasonal micronutrient concentrations and how iron deficiency impacts external-load measures in elite female rugby league players. Methods: Iron and vitamin D status were measured in 28 players (age 24 [4] y, body mass 76 [11] kg) across 3 time points of the 17-week National Rugby League Women’s season. Physical demands were evaluated using external-load measures (eg, total distance, PlayerLoad) for training and competition. Linear mixed-effects models were employed to assess the effect of change in serum ferritin concentration on external-load measures. Effect sizes with 95% CIs were calculated to interpret the magnitude of difference in change in indices and performance outcomes between iron-deficient and iron-sufficient players. Results: Iron-deficiency prevalence ranged from 26% to 57% across the season, and <22% of players were vitamin D deficient at each time point. Weak to strong positive associations (R2 = .3–.6) were observed between all external-load measures and moderating variables (serum ferritin, week, position, and athlete). However, these associations were largely attributable to the contribution of week and position. Differences in load measures between iron-deficient and iron-sufficient players were mostly trivial to small. Conclusions: Iron status of elite female rugby league players had little effect on most workload measures within this cohort. However, longitudinal monitoring is warranted to identify how external-load measures are affected individually in response to fluctuations in serum ferritin.
Improving Motor Competence of Children: The “Super Quinas” Intervention Program in Portuguese Primary Schools
Authors: Rodrigues Luis P. , Cordovil Rita , Costa Júlio A. , Seabra André , Guilherme José , Vale Susana , Luz Carlos , Flôres Fábio , João Lagoa Maria , Almeida Gabriela , Lopes Vítor P. , Mercê Cristiana , Esteves Pedro Tiago , Santos Sara , Correia Vanda , Serrano João , Mendes Rui , Matos Rui , Loureiro Vânia , Neto Carlos , _ _ 
Published: January 2025

Objectives: The objective of this study was to describe the effects of an extra hour of a structured motor program on the motor competence (MC) of children 6–10 years old.. Design: The need for movement interventions to enhance MC among school-aged children has gained vital importance in the last years, given the negative secular trends reported. Hence, the Portuguese Football Federation organized an intervention program on MC to be implemented on the extracurricular time of the Portuguese primary schools: the Super Quinas program. Methods: Thirty-nine schools from all of Portugal were assigned to intervention and control condition, with a total of 1034 children (6–10 y old) completing all the program (77.7%). The Super Quinas intervention comprised of 1 hour of activity per week, led by a physical educator teacher during extracurricular activities for 12 wees. MC was assessed using the Motor Competence Assessment (MCA) before and at the end of the program (January and April 2023). Normative results of the MCA were used to compare changes between pre and posttest according to experimental or control condition. Results: Results showed a general improvement (P ≤ .001) for all subscales (Locomotor, Manipulative, Stability) and total MCA. More importantly, the experimental group showed significant and positive differences, when compared with the control group, in the Stability (P = .007), Manipulative (P = .015), and total MCA results (P = .018) after controlling for gender, age, and baseline effect. Conclusions: The Super Quinas intervention program proved that adding 1 hour of structured movement program to the regular primary school schedule can lead to greater development of MC in school-age children.
Psychological Responses Among Individuals Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery
Authors: Naoi Airi , Yonetani Yasukazu , Tanaka Yoshinari , Horibe Shuji 
Published: January 2025

This study elucidated how previous surgery experience, coping, and optimism influenced the mood of patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. Additionally, it examined the relationships among age, preoperative mood, and postoperative mood. Sixty-four patients (n = 42 men, n = 22 women; age range = 18–51 y) who underwent ACL reconstruction surgery at one hospital in western Japan completed questionnaires before and after surgery. Results revealed that patients who underwent previous ACL reconstruction surgery reported higher tension-anxiety (P < .01) and total mood disturbance (TMD) (P < .05) than did patients who underwent primary surgery. Additionally, tension-anxiety, anger-hostility, TMD (P < .001), depression-dejection, fatigue, and confusion (P < .01) assessed before surgery were significantly reduced after surgery, and preoperative mood was positively related to postoperative mood. Furthermore, positive interpretation was negatively related to TMD before surgery (P < .05), and evading one’s responsibility was positively related to TMD after surgery (P < .05). Therefore, psychological support might be necessary for patients who underwent previous ACL reconstruction surgery and patients who evade responsibility. The results of this study will help sport medicine professionals identify several individual factors that are related to psychological responses of patients who underwent ACL reconstruction surgery.
A Coach Perspective on a Mastery Motivational Climate in the Competitive Youth Soccer Context
Authors: Gjesdal Siv 
Published: January 2025

This study examined how coaches working in Norwegian competitive youth soccer viewed a mastery motivational climate and how they worked to create such a climate. Seven coaches participated in semistructured interviews (six men and one woman; Mage = 27.43, SD = 4.50, average coaching experience = 8 years). A reflexive thematic analysis was used, and results yielded three higher order themes, namely (a) providing opportunities for skill development, (b) interpersonal relationships as a vehicle, and (c) contextual barriers and facilitators. The overall results indicated that while creating a mastery climate seemed to be an ambition for the coaches, they narrowly defined it as balancing the level of mastery and challenge for their players. They found it challenging to maintain a mastery focus when competitive results had real-life consequences for them, and contextual aspects, such as working conditions and the peer climate, could function as either barriers or facilitators.
Complete genome sequence of
Colletotrichum jinshuiense
, the causal agent of goldthread anthracnose disease
Authors: Wang Zuo-Qian , Zhang Shu , Chang Xiang-Qian , Yang Xiao-Lin , You Jing-Mao , Zhou Yang , Luo Chao-Xi , Lv Liang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

The complete genome sequence of
Colletotrichum jinshuiense
, a goldthread anthracnose pathogen, was sequenced using PacBio Revio and MGI DNBSEQ-T7 PE150. It contains 10 chromosomes, 5 mini chromosomes, a circular mitochondrial chromosome, and 13,129 genes predicted with RNA-Seq data in a 52.13-Mb genome with an
N
50
of 5.05 Mb.
Shaka Ridge (South Atlantic)—a Remnant of Continental Crust?
Authors: Sushchevskaya N. M. , Leitchenkov G. L. , Belyatsky B. V. , Agapitova D. A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As a result of a study of igneous rocks of the basalt - andesite series, dredged on the Shaka Ridge in the South Atlantic, it was found that they differ from the basalts of mid-ocean ridges and ocean islands, and have an age of 183.8 ± 2.2 Ma, comparable to the time of manifestation of the Karoo-Maud mantle plume in central Gondwana. Geochemical and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic features of the studied igneous rocks show their similarity with the Jurassic mafic complexes of the Ferrar province in Antarctica and the Falkland Islands, formed during the intrusion of the Karoo-Maud plume and under the influence of paleo-Pacific subduction. However the supply of ice rafted debris into the study area due to ice transportation is considered unlikely. Based on the all data obtained, it was concluded that the Shaka Ridge is a continental block that was moved during the opening of the South Atlantic in the Early Cretaceous-Early Miocene from the continental margin of Africa along an extended transform fault into the present Bouvet triple junction area.
Magnitude of immediate postpartum anaemia and associated factors among mothers at selected public hospitals in North Shoa Zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study in 2022
Authors: Nigusu Genanew , Wakgari Negash , Abebe Mistiwat , Moroda Meseret 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundAnaemia is a worldwide public health problem affecting over 800 million reproductive-age women. In developing countries, postpartum anaemia is a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. In Ethiopia, postpartum anaemia remains a public health issue.ObjectiveTo assess the magnitude of immediate postpartum anaemia and associated factors among postpartum mothers who delivered at public hospitals in the North Shoa Zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia, in 2022.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted. A systematic random sampling method was used to select study participants. Data were collected using Kobo Collect software and exported to the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine associations between variables. Statistical significance was declared at a p-value of <0.05, and the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% CI was used to determine the strength of associations.SettingA facility based at three public hospitals in the North Shoa Zone from 25 August to 26 October 2022.ParticipantsThe study was conducted among 341 postpartum mothers.OutcomeThe primary outcome of the study was the magnitude of immediate postpartum anaemia and factors associated with it.ResultsThe magnitude of immediate postpartum anaemia was 28.4% (95% CI (23.5 to 33.3). Factors significantly associated with immediate postpartum anaemia included postpartum haemorrhage (AOR: 4.95; 95% CI 2.09 to 11.76), history of abortion (AOR: 4.01; 95% CI 1.93 to 8.35), rural residence (AOR: 3.03; 95% CI 1.49 to 6.16), poor adherence to iron and folic acid supplementation (AOR: 2.66; 95% CI 1.27 to 5.58) and midupper arm circumference (MUAC) <23 cm (AOR: 2.19; 95% CI 1.08 to 4.42).ConclusionThe magnitude of immediate postpartum anaemia was a moderate public health problem. Factors such as postpartum haemorrhage, history of abortion, rural residence, poor adherence to iron and folic acid supplementation and MUAC <23 cm were significantly associated with immediate postpartum anaemia. Strategies should be put in place to encourage early identification and preventive action for the risk factors of immediate postpartum anaemia.