bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Ultrasound Airway Assessment Parameters in Pregnant Patients and their Comparison With that of Nonpregnant Women: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Vajanthri S.Y. , Mohammed S. , Kumar M. , Chhabra S. , Bhatia P. , Kamal M. , Paliwal B. 
Published: November 2023

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2023;53:103623)
Pregnancy-induced changes in airway anatomy and physiology can make airway management more difficult in this population. Clinical airway assessment parameters are used to predict difficult airways; however, literature evaluating ultrasound (US) airway parameters in pregnant patients compared with nonpregnant patients is limited. This study aimed to evaluate and compare US airway assessment parameters in pregnant and non‐pregnant women. This study also investigated the associations between established difficult airway predictors and US parameters in the two groups.
Comparative Efficacy of Quadratus Lumborum Type-II and Erector Spinae Plane Block in Patients Undergoing Caesarean Section Under Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Priya T.K. , Singla D. , Talawar P. , Sharma R.S. , Goyal S. , Purohit G. 
Published: November 2023

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2023;53:103614)
Pain following cesarean delivery (CD) is associated with other adverse maternal effects, so it is important to manage and minimize this occurrence. Regional techniques such as quadratus lumborum (QL) blocks and erector spinae plane blocks (ESPB) are used in postsurgical patients, yet no studies to date compare the efficacy of the 2 methods following CD. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of postcesarean analgesia using QL block type-II (QLB‐II) with ESPB following CD.
Self-fulfilling Prophecy: Does Structural and Interpersonal Bias Against Pregnant and Postpartum People With Substance Use Disorders Undermine Parenting Identity?
Authors: Goodman Daisy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPregnant and parenting people with substance use disorders are a highly stigmatized group. Structural and interpersonal bias contribute to reluctance to engage in prenatal, postpartum, and well-child care for this population. Two studies described in this issue of theJournal of Addiction Medicineexplore the implications of health care provider–family relationships on experience of care for birthing people with substance use disorders and their infants. Patient voices describe how intensive monitoring of infants for sequelae of substance exposure and that being scrutinized as caregivers undermined their confidence as parents, contributed to self-blame, and damaged their trust in health care teams. Data from these studies suggest that the voices of pregnant and parenting individuals need to be present at local, regional, and national levels to mitigate harm when redesigning programs for this population.
Initiatives to Support the Transition of Patients With Substance Use Disorders From Acute Care to Community-based Services Among a National Sample of Nonprofit Hospitals
Authors: Krawczyk Noa , Rivera Bianca D. , Chang Ji E. , Lindenfeld Zoe , Franz Berkeley 
Published: November 2023

Background
Hospitals are a key touchpoint to reach patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) and link them with ongoing community-based services. Although there are many acute care interventions to initiate SUD treatment in hospital settings, less is known about what services are offered to transition patients to ongoing care after discharge. In this study, we explore what SUD care transition strategies are offered across nonprofit US hospitals.

Methods
We analyzed administrative documents from a national sample of US hospitals that indicated SUD as a top 5 significant community need in their Community Health Needs Assessment reports (2019–2021). Data were coded and categorized based on the nature of described services. We used data on hospitals and characteristics of surrounding counties to identify factors associated with hospitals' endorsement of transition interventions for SUD.

Results
Of 613 included hospitals, 313 prioritized SUD as a significant community need. Fifty-three of these hospitals (17%) offered acute care interventions to support patients' transition to community-based SUD services. Most (68%) of the 53 hospitals described transition strategies without further detail, 23% described scheduling appointments before discharge, and 11% described discussing treatment options before discharge. No hospital characteristics were associated with offering transition interventions, but such hospitals were more likely to be in the Northeast, in counties with higher median income, and states that expanded Medicaid.

Conclusions
Despite high need, most US hospitals are not offering interventions to link patients with SUD from acute to community care. Efforts to increase acute care interventions for SUD should identify and implement best practices to support care continuity.
Association of Neighborhood Characteristics and Chronic Pain in Children and Adolescents in the United States
Authors: Vandeleur Daron M. , Cunningham Maia M. , Palermo Tonya M. , Groenewald Cornelius B. 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
To determine the associations between neighborhood characteristics and chronic pain during childhood and adolescence in the United States, 2020-2021.

Methods:
Cross-sectional analysis of the 2020 and 2021 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH). NSCH grouped parents’ responses to questions about neighborhood characteristics into five categories: neighborhood support, neighborhood safety, school support, neighborhood amenities, and presence of detracting neighborhood elements. Chronic pain was defined as parents reporting their children had “frequent or chronic difficulty with repeated or chronic physical pain, including headache or other back or body pain during the past 12 months.” Multivariable Poisson regression analyses estimated associations between neighborhood characteristics and chronic pain, adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics.

Results:
The sample contained 55,387 children (6-17 years), weighted to represent 44 million nationally. Children had significantly increased rates of chronic pain if they lived in neighborhoods that were unsupportive, unsafe, had unsafe schools, fewer amenities, and greater numbers of detracting elements (P<0.0001). After adjusting for covariates, children had significantly increased chronic pain if they lived in neighborhoods that were not supportive (adjusted prevalence rate ratio=1.7, (95% Confidence interval: 1.5-1.9, P<0.0001), with similar patterns observed for living in neighborhoods characterized as not safe, that did not have safe schools, with fewer amenities, and/or more detracting elements.

Discussion:
Disadvantageous neighborhood characteristics are associated with pediatric chronic pain prevalence. Future research should investigate underlying mechanisms of this association, and guide neighborhood interventions aimed at preventing and decreasing childhood chronic pain and its associated burdens.
Design and Validation of a Questionnaire to Measure Interprofessional Collaborative Practice for Auditing Integrated Hospital Care: Empirical Research
Authors: Hanskamp-Sebregts Mirelle , van Gurp Petra J. , Braspenning Jozé 
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
Interprofessional teamwork is the key issue of delivering integrated hospital care; however, measuring interprofessional collaboration for auditing is fragmented. In this study, a questionnaire to measure InterProfessional collaborative Practice for Integrated Hospital care (IPPIH) has been developed and validated.

Methods:
A four-step iterative process was conducted: (1) literature search to find suitable questionnaires; (2) semistructured stakeholder interviews (individual and in focus groups) to discuss the topics and questions (face validity), (3) pretesting the prototype of the questionnaire in two different integrated care pathways for feasibility, usability, and internal consistency, and (4) testing (content and construct validity and responsiveness) of the revised questionnaire in eight integrated care pathways; the validation and responsiveness was tested by means of exploratory factor analysis, calculation of Cronbach alpha, item analysis, and linear mixed model analysis.

Results:
Based on six questionnaires and the opinion of direct stakeholders, the questionnaire IPPIH comprised 27 items. Five different domains could be distinguished: own skills, culture, coordination and collaboration, practical support, and appreciation with the Cronbach alpha varied from 0.91 to 0.48. The self-reported intensity of the collaboration within a specific care pathway significantly influenced the outcome (P = .000).

Discussion:
The product is a questionnaire, IPPIH, which can measure the degree of interprofessional collaborative practice in integrated hospital care pathways. The IPPIH was initially developed for quality assurance. However, the IPPIH also seems to be suitable as a self-assessment tool for directors to monitor and improve the interprofessional collaboration and the quality of their integrated care pathway.
Robotic urologic surgery using the KangDuo-Surgical Robot-01 system: A single-center prospective analysis
Authors: Xiong Shengwei , Fan Shubo , Chen Silu , Wang Xiang , Han Guanpeng , Li Zhihua , Zuo Wei , Li Zhenyu , Yang Kunlin , Zhang Zhongyuan , Shen Cheng , Zhou Liqun , Li Xuesong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:
The KangDuo-Surgical Robot-01 (KD-SR-01) system is a new surgical robot recently developed in China. The aim of this study was to present our single-center experience and mid-term outcomes of urological procedures using the KD-SR-01 system.

Methods:
From August 2020 to April 2023, consecutive urologic procedures were performed at Peking University First Hospital using the KD-SR-01 system. The clinical features, perioperative data, and follow-up outcomes were prospectively collected and analyzed.

Results:
A total of 110 consecutive patients were recruited. Among these patients, 28 underwent partial nephrectomy (PN), 41 underwent urinary tract reconstruction (26 underwent pyeloplasty, 3 underwent ureteral reconstruction and 12 underwent ureterovesical reimplantation [UR]), and 41 underwent radical prostatectomy (RP). The median operative time for PN was 112.5 min, 157.0 min for pyeloplasty, 151.0 min for ureteral reconstruction, 142.5 min for UR, and 138.0 min for RP. The median intraoperative blood loss was 10 mL for PN, 10 mL for pyeloplasty, 30 mL for ureteral reconstruction, 20 mL for UR, and 50 mL for RP. All procedures were successfully completed without conversion, and there were no major complications in any patient. The median warm ischemia time of PN was 17.3 min, and positive surgical margin was not noted in any patient. The overall positive surgical margin rate of RP was 39% (16/41), and no biochemical recurrence was observed in any RP patient during the median follow-up of 11.0 months. The surgical success rates of pyeloplasty and UR were 96% (25/26) and 92% (11/12) during the median follow-up of 29.5 months and 11.5 months, respectively.

Conclusion:
The KD-SR-01 system appears feasible, safe, and effective for most urological procedures, based on our single-center experience.
Rapid Online Assessment of Reading (ROAR): Evaluation of an Online Tool for Screening Reading Skills in a Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics Clinic
Authors: Barrington Elizabeth , Sarkisian Sadie Mae , Feldman Heidi M. , Yeatman Jason D. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Reading difficulties are highly prevalent and frequently co-occur with other neurodevelopmental/behavioral conditions. It is difficult to assess reading routinely in pediatric clinical practice because of time and resource constraints. Rapid Online Assessment of Reading (ROAR) is an objective, gamified assessment that children take in a web browser without adult supervision. This study's purpose was to evaluate ROAR as a screening tool for reading difficulties in a clinical setting.

Method:
A convenience sample of 6- to 14-year-old children, attending an in-person or telehealth visit in a developmental-behavioral pediatrics (DBP) clinic participated. Children took ROAR and completed the Woodcock-Johnson IV Letter-Word Identification (LWID) and Word Attack (WA). Basic Reading Skills (BRS), a standardized aggregate score of LWID and WA, was used as the gold-standard assessment. The strength of association between standard scores on ROAR and BRS was calculated. BRS scores < 90 (bottom quartile) were classified as poor readers. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the quality of ROAR as a screening test.

Results:
A sample of 41 children, 78% boys, mean age 9.5 years (SD 2.0 years), completed the study. The correlation of ROAR standard score with BRS was r = 0.66, p < 0.001. ROC curve analysis with ROAR scores accurately classified poor readers with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.90.

Conclusion:
ROAR is a useful objective screening tool to identify children at high risk for reading difficulties. Assessment of the tool during a busy clinic was challenging, and a larger replication is warranted.
Metformin Versus Insulin for Gestational Diabetes: Cognitive and Neuropsychological Profiles of Children Aged 9 years
Authors: Paavilainen Elisa , Nyman Anna , Niinikoski Harri , Nikkinen Hilkka , Veijola Riitta , Vääräsmäki Marja , Tossavainen Päivi , Rönnemaa Tapani , Tertti Kristiina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:

Objective:
We compared cognitive profile and neuropsychological performance in 9-year-old offspring of mothers who were treated with metformin or insulin for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods:
A total of 172 children whose mothers were randomly assigned to receive either metformin or insulin for GDM were studied at the age of 9 years. Of these children, 127 were from Turku, Finland (63 metformin and 64 insulin), and 45 from Oulu, Finland (19 metformin and 26 insulin). Clinical and demographic background characteristics were obtained at enrolment, birth, and 9-year follow-up. Cognitive profiles were examined at age 9 years with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. Neuropsychological functions were examined with 2 subtests of the Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment test battery assessing comprehension of instructions and narrative memory, Trail Making Test assessing attention and with Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning, including parent-rated and teacher-rated evaluations. Academic functioning was studied with reading fluency subtest of the Screening test for reading, writing, and calculus for first to sixth grades and information about educational support received at school reported by parents.

Results:
The cognitive profiles, including indexes of verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed, did not differ significantly between metformin-treated and insulin-treated groups. Significant differences were not found between the treatment groups in assessed neuropsychological functions, reading fluency, or received level of support at school.

Conclusion:
Cognitive and neuropsychological outcomes were similar in 9-year-old children whose mothers had either metformin or insulin treatment of GDM.
Crouzon Syndrome Spanning Three Generations: Advances in the Treatment of Syndromic Midface Deficiency
Authors: Harmon Kelly A. , Ferraro Jennifer , Rezania Nikki , Carmona Taly , Figueroa Alvaro A. , Tragos Christina 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Crouzon syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by craniosynostosis, midface retrusion, and exophthalmos. Over the past century, the treatment of craniofacial disorders like Crouzon syndrome has evolved significantly.

Methods:
An institutional review board–approved retrospective study was conducted to ascertain the treatment of three individuals with Crouzon syndrome from one family, complemented with a series of literature searches to examine the evolution of craniofacial surgical history.

Results:
Dr. David Williams Cheever developed the Le Fort I level to correct malocclusion, maxillomandibular malformations, and midface hypoplasia. Later, Dr. Paul Tessier introduced the Le Fort II and III osteotomies to treat syndromic midface hypoplasia. In 1978, Dr. Fernando Ortiz-Monasterio and Dr. Antonio Fuente del Campo published the first series of monobloc osteotomies, allowing for simultaneous correction of supraorbital and midface malformations, although complicated by blood loss and high infection rates. In 1992, McCarthy et al introduced the concept of gradual distraction to the craniofacial skeleton. In 1995, Polley et al performed the first monobloc advancement using external distraction. Subsequently, in 1997, Polley and Figueroa introduced a rigid external distraction device with multiple vector control to manage severe cleft maxillary hypoplasia. The technique was further refined and applied to treat syndromic midface hypoplasia, reducing complication rates. Currently, either external or internal distraction approaches are used to safely treat this challenging group of patients.

Conclusion:
The treatment of syndromic midface deficiency has significantly evolved over the past 50 years, as evidenced by this report of three generations of Crouzon syndrome.
Base editing of the mutated TERT promoter inhibits liver tumor growth
Authors: Zhao Gaoxiang , Ma Qingxia , Yang Huang , Jiang Hongfei , Xu Qianqian , Luo Shudi , Meng Zhaoyuan , Liu Juanjuan , Zhu Lei , Lin Qian , Li Min , Fang Jing , Ma Leina , Qiu Wensheng , Mao Zhengwei , Lu Zhimin 
Published: November 2023

Background and Aims:
Base editing has shown great potential for treating human diseases with mutated genes. However, its potential for treating HCC has not yet been explored.

Approach and Results:
We employed adenine base editors (ABEs) to correct a telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutation, which frequently occurs in various human cancers, including HCC. The mutated TERT promoter −124 C>T is corrected to −124 C by a single guide (sg) RNA-guided and deactivated Campylobacter jejuni Cas9 (CjCas9)-fused adenine base editor (CjABE). This edit impairs the binding of the E-twenty six/ternary complex factor transcription factor family, including E-twenty six-1 and GABPA, to the TERT promoter, leading to suppressed TERT promoter and telomerase activity, decreased TERT expression and cell proliferation, and increased cell senescence. Importantly, injection of adeno-associated viruses expressing sgRNA-guided CjABE or employment of lipid nanoparticle-mediated delivery of CjABE mRNA and sgRNA inhibits the growth of liver tumors harboring TERT promoter mutations.

Conclusions:
These findings demonstrate that a sgRNA-guided CjABE efficiently converts the mutated TERT promoter −124 C>T to −124 C in HCC cells and underscore the potential to treat HCC by the base editing-mediated correction of TERT promoter mutations.
Workload, nurse turnover, and patient mortality
Authors: Subramony Mahesh , Vogus Timothy J. , Chadwick Clint , Gowen Charles , McFadden Kathleen L. 
Published: November 2023

Background
Hospitals are often tasked with improving patient care while simultaneously increasing operational efficiency. Although efficiency may be gained by maintaining higher patient volume per nurse (higher workload), high-quality patient care requires low levels of nurse turnover, which might be adversely affected by an increase in workload.

Purpose
Drawing upon job demands–resources theory, we hypothesized that hospital-level workload will predict nurse turnover and that nurse turnover will predict patient mortality, and that registered nurse hiring rates and human resource management practices will moderate (buffer) the positive relationship between nurse workload and nurse turnover, whereas quality care structures will moderate (buffer) the positive relationship between nurse turnover and patient mortality.

Methods
We tested this model utilizing multiple sources of time-lagged data collected from a sample of 156 hospitals in the United States.

Results
Our findings suggest that (a) nurse workload is associated with higher nurse turnover, (b) nurse turnover is positively associated with patient mortality, (c) nurse staffing buffers the workload–turnover relationship as a first-stage moderator, and (d) quality care structures act as a second-stage moderator that mitigates the effects of turnover on mortality.

Conclusions/Practice Implications
The reduction of nurse turnover and patient mortality requires investments in adequate levels of nurse staffing and implementation of quality care structures.
Incidence and Risk factors of Intraocular Inflammation after Brolucizumab Treatment in Japan: A Multicenter AMD Study
Authors: Inoda Satoru , Takahashi Hidenori , Maruyama-Inoue Maiko , Ikeda Shoko , Sekiryu Tetsuju , Itagaki Kanako , Matsumoto Hidetaka , Mukai Ryo , Nagai Yoshimi , Ohnaka Masayuki , Kusuhara Sentaro , Miki Akiko , Okada Annabelle A , Nakayama Makiko , Nishiguchi Koji M , Takeuchi Jun , Mori Ryusaburo , Tanaka Koji , Honda Shigeru , Kohno Takeya , Koizumi Hideki , Miyara Yasunori , Inoue Yuji , Takana Hiroki , Iida Tomohiro , Maruko Ichiro , Hayashi Atsushi , Ueda-Consolvo Tomoko , Yanagi Yasuo 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
To investigate the incidence of intraocular inflammation (IOI) and its risk factors following intravitreal injections of brolucizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in Japan.

Methods:
A total of 1351 Japanese consecutive patients with nAMD who were treated with brolucizumab from May 2020 to May 2022 at 14 institutions were examined. The variables analyzed were the number of brolucizumab injections, time to onset of IOI, and risk factors.

Results:
IOI developed in 152 eyes (11.3%). Retinal vasculitis and/or retinal occlusion (RV and/or RO) occurred in 53 eyes (3.9%). Ninety-four patients received bilaterally, bilateral IOI occurred in 5 patients (5.3%). Sixteen eyes (1.2%) had irreversible visual acuity loss and nine eyes (0.67%) had visual loss of 3 lines or more due to RV and/or RO. The cumulative IOI incidence was 4.5%, 10.3%, and 12.2% at 30, 180, and 365 days (1-year), respectively. Prior history of IOI (including RV) and/or RO (odds ratio[OR], 5.41; P = 0.0075) and female sex (OR, 1.99; P = 0.0004) were significantly associated with IOI onset.

Conclusion:
The 1-year cumulative incidence of IOI in Japanese nAMD patients treated with brolucizumab was 12.2%. Prior history of IOI (including RV) and/or RO and female sex were significant risk factors.