bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Planning and organization of decentralized systems water supply in the war time in Ukraine
Authors: Kravchenko Oleksandr , Kuba Tetiana , Potapenko Svitlana , Khoruzhy Victor , Arhatenko Tetiana , Bakunovskyi Oleg 
Published: October 2023

Centralized water supply systems have proven to be quite vulnerable during military operations, so it is important to develop a sound concept of decentralized water supply aimed at providing the population with drinking water in the absence of centralized water supply. Decentralized water supply is a system that includes sources of quality water, transport and water distribution systems to consumers.
Groundwater or centralized water supply systems can be used as sources of water supply. Water from natural sources mainly needs purification. Cleaning systems can be stationary, container-type or mobile. Despite a fairly wide range of such systems, not all of them can be effectively applied in real conditions. An analysis of the market of vehicles for water delivery revealed a significant shortage of specialized water-carrying tanker trucks. This situation increases the demand for water delivery systems on non-specialized transport, which actually provides all the advantages of specialized truck tankers with a simultaneous reduction in the cost of transportation through the use of on-board bodies. Water distribution can be carried out both from water trucks and from stationary tanks installed in public or residential buildings.
Operational and efficient organization of decentralized water supply is possible only on the basis of a geospatial plan, which includes the determination of water supply sources, the number and type of water treatment systems, optimal locations of water distribution points, the number of water transport vehicles and water delivery routes.
Prevalencia de fluorosis dental en niños de 6 a 12 años en la ciudad de Cuenca. Revisión de literatura
Authors: Yansaguano Toral Pablo Esteban , Andrade Molina Gloria Azucena 
Published: October 2023

Introducción. El presente estudio dará cuenta de cómo la Fluorosis Dental (FD) es un problema endémico en la salud de los niños y se caracteriza por la alteración en la formación de los dientes ocasionando defectos en el esmalte y varían desde manchas blanquecinas hasta llegar a la presencia de cráteres en los infantes. Objetivo. El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de fluorosis dental en niños de 6 a 12 años en la ciudad de Cuenca a partir de la revisión de la literatura. Metodología. Se trabajó con la metodología cualitativa con un enfoque descriptivo y retrospectivo para conocer la FD en los niños de las parroquias urbanas del cantón Cuenca. Resultados. Los resultados indican que los porcentajes de FD en los estudios indagados es el 12.67 % de prevalencia. Conclusión. Se concluye, que existen pocos estudios asociados a la fluorosis dental en niños de 6 a 12 años y no existen investigaciones actualizadas para conocer la prevalencia después de la crisis ocasionada por el Covid-19. Área de estudio general: Odontología. Área de estudio específica: Odontopediatría. Tipo de estudio: Revisión de Literatura.
Derechos de los hijos de padres privados de la libertad: un análisis crítico a la legislación y políticas públicas
Authors: Quezada Naspud Emily Maribel , Cárdenas Santa Cruz Juan José 
Published: October 2023

Introducción: En Ecuador los progenitores privados de la libertad con hijos menores de edad son separados de ellos por cumplir la pena privativa en los recintos carcelarios, esta separación abrupta impide que ejerzan su paternidad a nivel afectivo, económico, social y legal dicha condición posiciona a estos menores en situaciones de riesgo y vulnerabilidad devenido del impacto que genera privarse de su entorno familiar. Este editorial discute la importancia de focalizar la atención estatal mediante la creación de políticas públicas. Metodología: Se empleó el método analítico y crítico que contribuyó a obtener conclusiones de los hechos y medir la aplicabilidad de la norma de grupos vulnerables. Investigación de tipo cualitativa debido al uso de diferente acervo de información dentro del marco jurídico ecuatoriano canalizando su revisión, descripción, comprensión e investigación. Resultados: Se evidencia la necesidad de crear normativa especial referente a la protección de menores de edad en situación de riesgo estableciendo un reglamento que fije la cooperación interinstitucional de las entidades del estado para su coordinación lo que focalizaría la aplicabilidad de las normas. Conclusión: Una vez analizado el ordenamiento jurídico constitucional y las políticas públicas emanadas por el Ministerio de Inclusión Económica y Social así como del Servicio Nacional de Atención Integral a Personas Adultas Privadas de la Libertad y Adolescentes Infractores en el periodo 2021 – 2023 no existe normativa específica que garantice el desarrollo integral y el interés superior del niño en aspectos económicos, psicológicos, sociales, educativos y de salud existiendo el riesgo de una afectación a los derechos fundamentales por ende, se requiere la creación de reglamentos especiales que fijen la competencia de las entidades del estado que pueden intervenir por los menores en situación de riesgo. Área de estudio general: Derecho. Área de estudio específica: Derechos humanos y derecho constitucional. Tipo de investigación: Cualitativa.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Inventarisasi Peralatan Laboratorium menggunakan Microsoft Access
Authors: Samudra Agung , Lumbantobing Marko Ayaki , Rahmat Muhammad Hudan , Sukardi  , Wiyogo  , Murwantini Sri 
Published: October 2023

Tujuan inventarisasi adalah untuk menjaga sarana prasarana milik kantor dan memudahkan kegiatan kontrol inventaris terhadap penggunaannya. Laboratorium Prodi Pendidikan Teknik Mesin FKIP UPR memiliki aset berupa peralatan dan bahan untuk praktikum mahasiswa. Aset tersebut harus dikelola dengan baik sehingga peralatan dan bahan yang ada dapat dikontrol dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat aplikasi inventarisasi peralatan berupa Microsoft Access. Penggunaan aplikasi inventarisasi berupa microsoft access diharapkan dapat memberikan kemudahan kepala laboratorium untuk mengontrol peralatan dan bahan yang ada. Metode R&D model ADDIE (Analisys, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) digunakan pada penelitian ini. Hasil dari penelitian berupa aplikasi inventarisasi peralatan laboratorium yang sudah divalidasi oleh ahli media sebesar 86,66%, ahli materi 92,5%, serta respon pengguna 88,38% dengan kesimpulan sangat layak digunakan.
The application of corneal biomechanical interocular asymmetry for the diagnosis of keratoconus and subclinical keratoconus
Authors: Dong Ruilan , Liu Yan , Zhang Yu , Chen Yueguo 
Published: October 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the interocular consistency of biomechanical properties in normal, keratoconus (KC) and subclinical keratoconus (SKC) populations and explore the application of interocular asymmetry values in KC and SKC diagnoses.Methods: This was a retrospective chart-review study of 331 ametropic subjects (control group) and 207 KC patients (KC group, including 94 SKC patients). Interocular consistency was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Interocular asymmetry was compared between the control and KC groups and its correlation with disease severity was analyzed. Three logistic models were constructed using biomechanical monocular parameters and interocular asymmetry values. The diagnostic ability of interocular asymmetry values and the newly established models were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves and calibration curves. Net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were also estimated.Results: The interocular consistency significantly decreased and the interocular asymmetry values increased in KC patients compared with those in control individuals. In addition, the interocular asymmetry values increased with respect to the severity of KC. The binocular assisted biomechanical index (BaBI) had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.998 (97.8% sensitivity, 99.2% specificity; cutoff 0.401), which was statistically higher than that of the Corvis biomechanical index [CBI; AUC = 0.935, p &lt; 0.001 (DeLong’s test), 85.6% sensitivity]. The optimized cutoff of 0.163 provided an AUC of 0.996 for SKC with 97.8% sensitivity, which was higher than that of CBI [AUC = 0.925, p &lt; 0.001 (DeLong’s test), 82.8% sensitivity].Conclusion: Biomechanical interocular asymmetry values can reduce the false-negative rate and improve the performance in KC and SKC diagnoses.
Colchicine and diabetes in patients with chronic coronary artery disease: insights from the LoDoCo2 randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mohammadnia Niekbachsh , Los Jan , Opstal Tjerk S. J. , Fiolet Aernoud T. L. , Eikelboom John W. , Mosterd Arend , Nidorf Stefan M. , Budgeon Charley A. , Tijssen Jan G. P. , Thompson Peter L. , Tack Cees J. , Simsek Suat , Bax Willem A. , Cornel Jan H. , El Messaoudi Saloua 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionDespite optimal treatment, patients with chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are at high risk of cardiovascular events, emphasizing the need for new treatment options. The Low-Dose Colchicine 2 (LoDoCo2) trial demonstrated that colchicine reduces cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic CAD. This analysis determines the efficacy of colchicine in patients with chronic CAD and DM as well as the effect of colchicine on the development of new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsThe LoDoCo2 trial randomized 5,522 patients to placebo or colchicine 0.5 mg once daily, with a median follow-up of 28.6 months. The primary composite endpoint was cardiovascular death, spontaneous myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, or ischemia-driven revascularization. The effect of its treatment in patients with and without DM was evaluated by including an interaction term in the model.ResultsA total of 1,007 participants (18.2%) had T2DM at baseline. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) [(95% confidence interval (CI)] for the primary endpoint in the T2DM group was 1.52 (1.15–2.01, p &lt; 0.01) compared with the group without T2DM. The HR for the treatment effect on the primary endpoint was 0.87 (0.61–1.25) in participants with T2DM and 0.64 (0.51–0.80) in participants without diabetes (pinteraction = 0.14). The incidence of new-onset T2DM was 1.5% (34 out of 2,270) in the colchicine group and 2.2% (49 out of 2,245) in the placebo group (p = 0.10).DiscussionIn conclusion, based on the current evidence, the beneficial effects of colchicine on cardiovascular endpoints are consistent regardless of DM status. The potential benefits of colchicine in preventing new-onset DM need further investigation. These findings are only hypothesis-generating and require larger prospective trials to confirm the results.
Prioritization of risk genes for Alzheimer’s disease: an analysis framework using spatial and temporal gene expression data in the human brain based on support vector machine
Authors: Wang Shiyu , Fang Xixian , Wen Xiang , Yang Congying , Yang Ying , Zhang Tianxiao 
Published: October 2023

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex disorder, and its risk is influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. In this study, an AD risk gene prediction framework based on spatial and temporal features of gene expression data (STGE) was proposed.Methods: We proposed an AD risk gene prediction framework based on spatial and temporal features of gene expression data. The gene expression data of providers of different tissues and ages were used as model features. Human genes were classified as AD risk or non-risk sets based on information extracted from relevant databases. Support vector machine (SVM) models were constructed to capture the expression patterns of genes believed to contribute to the risk of AD.Results: The recursive feature elimination (RFE) method was utilized for feature selection. Data for 64 tissue-age features were obtained before feature selection, and this number was reduced to 19 after RFE was performed. The SVM models were built and evaluated using 19 selected and full features. The area under curve (AUC) values for the SVM model based on 19 selected features (0.740 [0.690–0.790]) and full feature sets (0.730 [0.678–0.769]) were very similar. Fifteen genes predicted to be risk genes for AD with a probability greater than 90% were obtained.Conclusion: The newly proposed framework performed comparably to previous prediction methods based on protein-protein interaction (PPI) network properties. A list of 15 candidate genes for AD risk was also generated to provide data support for further studies on the genetic etiology of AD.
Occupational physical activity: the good, the bad, and the proinflammatory
Authors: Jordakieva Galateja , Hasenoehrl Timothy , Steiner Margarete , Jensen-Jarolim Erika , Crevenna Richard 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) is beneficial for preventing several conditions associated with underlying chronic inflammation, e. g., cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. While an active lifestyle appears to have anti-inflammatory effects, high levels of occupational PA (OPA) were associated with inflammation and elevated mortality risks. We aimed to summarize the current knowledge (1) on the association between inflammation and OPA and (2) its implications for health and mortality.Methods and resultsThis mini-review summarized relevant literature published before January 2023 using established scientific databases and sources. For the primary outcome, observational studies (S) reporting immunological effects (O) in subjects (P), with high (I) vs. low OPA (C), were included. For secondary outcomes, i.e., morbidity and mortality associated with inflammatory processes, (systematic) reviews were included. While “active” occupations and “moderate” OPA appear to have beneficial effects, low (particularly sedentary) and “high-intensity” OPA (particularly including heavy lifting tasks) were associated with inflammation and (CVD and cancer-related) mortality; higher leisure-time PA has been almost consistently associated with lower proinflammatory markers and all-cause mortality risks. Workplace interventions appear to counter some of the observed health effects of unfavorable work strain.ConclusionThe few studies addressing OPA “intensity” and inflammatory markers are largely heterogeneous regarding OPA classification and confounder control. Sedentary and “heavy” OPA appear to promote proinflammatory effects. In addition to targeted management of work-related physical strain and hazardous environmental co-factors, occupational health providers should focus on employer-initiated exercise interventions and the promotion of leisure-time PA.
Effectiveness of an image analyzing AI-based Digital Health Technology to identify Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer and other skin lesions: results of the DERM-003 study
Authors: Marsden Helen , Morgan Caroline , Austin Stephanie , DeGiovanni Claudia , Venzi Marcello , Kemos Polychronis , Greenhalgh Jack , Mullarkey Dan , Palamaras Ioulios 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionIdentification of skin cancer by an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based Digital Health Technology could help improve the triage and management of suspicious skin lesions.MethodsThe DERM-003 study (NCT04116983) was a prospective, multi-center, single-arm, masked study that aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of an AI as a Medical Device (AIaMD) to identify Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC), pre-malignant and benign lesions from dermoscopic images of suspicious skin lesions. Suspicious skin lesions that were suitable for photography were photographed with 3 smartphone cameras (iPhone 6S, iPhone 11, Samsung 10) with a DL1 dermoscopic lens attachment. Dermatologists provided clinical diagnoses and histopathology results were obtained for biopsied lesions. Each image was assessed by the AIaMD and the output compared to the ground truth diagnosis.Results572 patients (49.5% female, mean age 68.5 years, 96.9% Fitzpatrick skin types I-III) were recruited from 4 UK NHS Trusts, providing images of 611 suspicious lesions. 395 (64.6%) lesions were biopsied; 47 (11%) were diagnosed as SCC and 184 (44%) as BCC. The AIaMD AUROC on images taken by iPhone 6S was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.83–0.93) for SCC and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.84–0.91) for BCC. For Samsung 10 the AUROCs were 0.85 (95% CI: 0.79–0.90) and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.83–0.90), and for the iPhone 11 they were 0.88 (95% CI, 0.84–0.93) and 0.89 (95% CI, 0.86–0.92) for SCC and BCC, respectively. Using pre-determined diagnostic thresholds on images taken on the iPhone 6S the AIaMD achieved a sensitivity and specificity of 98% (95% CI, 88–100%) and 38% (95% CI, 33–44%) for SCC; and 94% (95% CI, 90–97%) and 28% (95 CI, 21–35%) for BCC. All 16 lesions diagnosed as melanoma in the study were correctly classified by the AIaMD.DiscussionThe AIaMD has the potential to support the timely diagnosis of malignant and premalignant skin lesions.
Longitudinal MR imaging after unilateral MR-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy: clinical and radiological correlation
Authors: Blitz Sarah E. , Chua Melissa M. J. , Ng Patrick , Segar David J. , Jha Rohan , McDannold Nathan J. , DeSalvo Matthew N. , Rolston John D. , Cosgrove G. Rees 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionMagnetic-resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) thalamotomy uses multiple converging high-energy ultrasonic beams to produce thermal lesions in the thalamus. Early postoperative MR imaging demonstrates the location and extent of the lesion, but there is no consensus on the utility or frequency of postoperative imaging. We aimed to evaluate the evolution of MRgFUS lesions and describe the incidence, predictors, and clinical effects of lesion persistence in a large patient cohort.MethodsA total of 215 unilateral MRgFUS thalamotomy procedures for essential tremor (ET) by a single surgeon were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had MR imaging 1 day postoperatively; 106 had imaging at 3 months and 32 had imaging at 1 year. Thin cut (2 mm) axial and coronal T2-weighted MRIs at these timepoints were analyzed visually on a binary scale for lesion presence and when visible, lesion volumes were measured. SWI and DWI sequences were also analyzed when available. Clinical outcomes including tremor scores and side effects were recorded at these same time points. We analyzed if patient characteristics (age, skull density ratio), preoperative tremor score, and sonication parameters influenced lesion evolution and if imaging characteristics correlated with clinical outcomes.ResultsVisible lesions were present in all patients 1 day post- MRgFUS and measured 307.4 ± 128.7 mm3. At 3 months, residual lesions (excluding patients where lesions were not visible) were 83.6% smaller and detectable in only 54.7% of patients (n = 58). At 1 year, residual lesions were detected in 50.0% of patients (n = 16) and were 90.7% smaller than 24 h and 46.5% smaller than 3 months. Lesions were more frequently visible on SWI (100%, n = 17), DWI (n = 38, 97.4%) and ADC (n = 36, 92.3%). At 3 months, fewer treatment sonications, higher maximum power, and greater distance between individual sonications led to larger lesion volumes. Volume at 24 h did not predict if a lesion was visible later. Lesion visibility at 3 months predicted sensory side effects but was not correlated with tremor outcomes.DiscussionOverall, lesions are visible on T2-weighted MRI in about half of patients at both 3 months and 1 year post-MRgFUS thalamotomy. Certain sonication parameters significantly predicted persistent volume, but residual lesions did not correlate with tremor outcomes.
Beneficial effects of silibinin on serum lipids, bile acids, and gut microbiota in methionine-choline-deficient diet-induced mice
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhai Ting , Luo Ping , Miao Xiaolei , Wang Junjun , Chen Yong 
Published: October 2023

Background and purposeSilibinin (SIL) is a flavonoid lignin isolated from the fruit and seeds of silybum marianum that exhibits good therapeutic potential for NASH. However, the effects of SIL on serum lipids, bile acids (BAs), and gut microbiota (GM) in NASH mice remain unknown. The present work aimed to explore the beneficial effects of SIL supplementation on serum lipids, bile acids, and gut microbiota in MCD mice.Experimental approachAfter male C57BL/6 mice were fed with a methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet and simultaneously gavaged with SIL (20 mg/kg. d) for 8 weeks, the pathological changes of liver tissue were observed by oil red O, haematoxylin-eosin, and Masson tricolor staining; the levels of serum AST and ALT, and liver TG and MDA were detected by assay kits; metabonomics and 16S rDNA sequencing were used to analyze the composition of serum lipids and BAs and the abundance of GM; and the mRNA expression levels of hepatic genes related to BAs homeostasis were detected by RT-qPCR.ResultsThe results indicated that SIL treatment decreased the levels of 26 lipids (including four arachidonic acids, seven FFAs, 12 acyl carnitines, and three GPs) and two BAs (23-DCA, GLCA), while Dubosiella increased the levels of 10 lipids (including TxB3, PG16:0_18:1, Cer t18:0/24:0 and 7 TGs), five BAs (β-MCA, α-MCA, UDCA, 3-oxo-DCA and HCA), and two GMs (Verrucomicrobiota and Akkermansiaceae) of MCD mice, but had no significant effect on the mRNA expression of CYP7A1, CYP27A1, Bsep, Mrp2, Ntcp, or Oatp1b2. Therefore, influencing GM composition and then regulating the levels of serum lipids and BAs through enterohepatic axis should be an important mechanism of SIL-induced alleviative effect on MCD mice. More importantly, we found that SIL had a good coordination in regulating the abundance of GM and the contents of serum lipids and BAs in MCD mice, that is, when the abundance of probiotics was up-regulated, the content of beneficial unsaturated fatty acids in serum was up-regulated, while the serum levels of harmful lipids and BAs were down-regulated.ConclusionThe alleviating effect of SIL on NASH may be closely related to the correction of intestinal bacteria disorder, serum bile acid, and lipid metabolic disturbance in mice.