bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and acceptability of collecting umbilical cord tissue for prenatal cannabis research: A mixed-methods research study
Authors: Bayrampour Hamideh , Langlois Jenna , Likhodi Serguei , Lisonkova Sarka , Jevitt Cecilia , Oberlander Tim , Webster Glenys , Mérette Sandrine , Vedam Saraswathi , Janssen Patricia 
Published: December 2023

Background: Large-scale longitudinal studies with biological samples are needed to examine the associations between prenatal cannabis use and birth and developmental outcomes. Objectives: The aim of this study was to understand the feasibility and acceptability of collecting umbilical cord tissue for the purpose of cannabis use testing in a community sample. Design: This is a mixed methods research study consisted of a prospective cohort study and a qualitative descriptive study. Methods: This study was conducted in Vancouver, British Columbia between January 2021 and August 2022. Participants were recruited during pregnancy, and the umbilical cord tissues were collected at birth and tested for the presence of cannabinoids. After the completion of the study, participants completed an online open-ended questionnaire about their overall experience. Data were analyzed using descriptive and thematic analyses. Results: Among the 85 eligible individuals, 57 people (67%) consented to the study. The cord tissue was collected for 39 participants (68.4%). The collection rates for participants with vaginal, elective, and emergency cesarean delivery were 73.0%, 71.4%, and 53.8%, respectively, and for those with spontaneous and induced labor were 81.5% and 50%, respectively. Four (7.0%) and seven participants (12.3%) reported prenatal cannabis use in direct and probing self-report questions, respectively. The agreement between any self-report and cord tissue test was moderate (kappa 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.06–0.99). Qualitative findings were classified into five themes. Conclusion: The collection of cord tissue was perceived acceptable by most participants. Implementation of collection protocols for complex labors, a central hospital unit to liaise direct communications and active participants’ involvement might increase the feasibility of future studies.
Gender and research productivity of award recipients among Canadian national ophthalmology and affiliate subspecialty societies
Authors: Nguyen Anne Xuan-Lan , Zahedi-Niaki Golnaz , Lando Leonardo , Hutnik Cindy ML , Wu Albert Y 
Published: December 2023

Background: Although women remain historically underrepresented in medical achievement awards, gender distribution of award recipients in ophthalmology in Canada remain to be explored based on research productivity metrics. Objective: To characterize the gender distribution of award recipients among the main Canadian national ophthalmological societies and subspecialty affiliates based on research productivity, graduate degrees, affiliated institution, and award type. Design: Retrospective, observational study. Methods: Award recipients were selected from the Canadian Ophthalmological Society (COS), Canadian Association of Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (CAPOS); Canadian Cornea, External Disease, and Refractive Surgery Society (CCEDRSS); Canadian Council of Ophthalmology Residents (CCOR) Research Proposal Award; and Canadian Glaucoma Society (CGS). The recipients’ gender was determined by web search for the gender-specific pronoun, profile photograph check, or using Gender-API. Outcomes included gender distribution of recipients per award, society, year, and training level and differences in research productivity. Results: Thirteen special awards were given to 255 recipients (215 individuals) from 1995 to 2022. In total, 31% of recipients were women, the majority being from Canada. Women had a significantly lower median h-index (2.0 (0–62) women versus 4.0 (0–81) men, p = 0.001) and number of published documents (3.0 (0–213) women versus 8.0 (0–447) men, p < 0.001). On stratified analyses by type of award (research or lifetime achievement) and level of training (trainee or ophthalmologist), significant differences were found for mean h-index and number of publications for awardees within the research category ( p = 0.01 and p = 0.02, respectively) and trainee level ( p = 0.01 and p = 0.02, respectively). Overall, women’s proportion rates in awards did not reach parity in 27 out of the 28 years analyzed. Conclusion: Women were confirmed to be historically minored in proportion among the prominent society awards in Canada, with attested research disparity possibly explaining some of this bias. These findings require further confirmation in larger cohorts accounting for additional educational, institutional, and provincial factors. Registration: Not applicable.
Application of deep learning in the diagnosis and evaluation of ulcerative colitis disease severity
Authors: Jiang Xinyi , Luo Xudong , Nan Qiong , Ye Yan , Miao Yinglei , Miao Jiarong 
Published: December 2023

Background: Achieving endoscopic and histological remission is a critical treatment objective in ulcerative colitis (UC). Nevertheless, interobserver variability can significantly impact overall assessment performance. Objectives: We aimed to develop a deep learning algorithm for the real-time and objective evaluation of endoscopic disease activity and prediction of histological remission in UC. Design: This is a retrospective diagnostic study. Methods: Two convolutional neural network (CNN) models were constructed and trained using 12,257 endoscopic images and biopsy results sourced from 1124 UC patients who underwent colonoscopy at a single center from January 2018 to December 2022. Mayo Endoscopy Subscore (MES) and UC Endoscopic Index of Severity Score (UCEIS) assessments were conducted by two experienced and independent reviewers. Model performance was evaluated in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and positive predictive value. The output of the CNN models was also compared with the corresponding histological results to assess histological remission prediction performance. Results: The MES-CNN model achieved 97.04% accuracy in diagnosing endoscopic remission of UC, while the MES-CNN and UCEIS-CNN models achieved 90.15% and 85.29% accuracy, respectively, in evaluating endoscopic severity of UC. For predicting histological remission, the CNN models achieved accuracy and kappa values of 91.28% and 0.826, respectively, attaining higher accuracy than human endoscopists (87.69%). Conclusion: The proposed artificial intelligence model, based on MES and UCEIS evaluations from expert gastroenterologists, offered precise assessment of inflammation in UC endoscopic images and reliably predicted histological remission.
Sonographically-navigated frozen shoulder release (S-FSR): A modified technique for sonographically-navigated, in-office hydrodilatation of adhesive capsulitis
Authors: Lee Isaac , Sidiqi Mojda , Gonzalez Jorge A 
Published: December 2023

We describe a new technique for hydrodilatation of the frozen shoulder, which we coined ‘Sonographically-Navigated Frozen Shoulder Release (S-FSR)’ or ‘Dr Gonzalez's technique.’ Traditional treatments include a combination of conservative and surgical modalities, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, physical therapy, and open capsular release. We describe a modification to hydrodilatation of the frozen shoulder. Our technique describes the gradual dilation of the glenohumeral (GH) capsule with the goal of seeing a gentle release of the frozen shoulder. Furthermore, we outline our protocol for patient preparation with preprocedural diazepam 5   mg and Hydrocodone 5   mg-Acetaminophen 325   mg, one tablet each. During the procedure, we inject a solution of 10   mL lidocaine mixed with 2   mL of 40   mg/mL triamcinolone acetonide injection (80   mg total) through an anterior approach at the level of the rotator interval for pain control. Following this injection, we proceed to fenestrate the superior glenohumeral ligament (SGHL) in the process. We conclude the procedure with hydrodilatation of the GH joint (GHJ) through the posterior approach with approximately 50   mL of 0.9% normal saline, or until an expansion and release of the GH joint is visualized under ultrasound visualization. A full instruction video can be found at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v = ZNB0R0hkeok&ab_channel = DrJorgeA.Gonzalez
E-learning experiences of students in Pakistan during COVID-19: Barriers and perceptions
Authors: Naveeda  , Wajahat Safoora 
Published: December 2023

The literature reveals that there has been significant research regarding online learning during the pandemic outbreak. This research project was conducted to investigate the experiences of university students by highlighting a few key barriers and perceptions to e-learning in Pakistan. A sample of 253 (age range: 17–31 years) students was recruited through a convenient sampling technique. According to participants the crucial online barriers included social interaction, family support, time, and motivation for studies. The majority of students were satisfied with the internet access and quality of online learning. In addition, the most intensively used web-platforms included Zoom, WhatsApp, Microsoft Teams, and Meet by Pakistani students. Furthermore, the findings revealed that students who sleep after midnight ( M = 51.46, SD = 9.61) and wake-up around noon ( M = 52, SD = 9.09) experience more online education barriers in comparison to students who sleep ( M = 40.33, SD = 16.75) and rise early ( M = 49.36, SD = 11.86). Hence, the findings of the current study might be helpful in addressing barriers and challenges faced by universities and the Higher Education Commission during such pandemic outbreaks.
Are nursing home employees ready for the technical evolution? German-wide survey on the status quo of affinity for technology and technology interaction
Authors: Barisch-Fritz Bettina , Krafft Jelena , Rayling Sabine , Diener Jonathan , Möller Tobias , Wunsch Kathrin , Riedel Norman , Maia Maria , Weinberger Nora , Lefint Jérémy , Asfour Tamim , Krell-Rösch Janina , Woll Alexander 
Published: December 2023

Background Technological devices can support nursing home employees; however, their perspective is not sufficiently studied. Our aims were thus to (a) examine affinity for technology and technology interaction and related sociodemographic confounders, as well as (b) detect possible requirements and boundary conditions relevant for the development and implementation of assistive technologies among nursing home employees. Methods We conducted an online survey between May and July of 2022 among 200 nursing home employees in Germany. The survey included two questionnaires, that is, Affinity for Technology Interaction (ATI) and Affinity for Technology—Electronic Devices (TA-EG; subscales TA-EG-Enthusiasm, TA-EG-Competence, TA-EG-Positive Consequences, and TA-EG-Negative Consequences), as well as sociodemographic variables, that is, age, gender, professional groups, education/graduation level. We carried out factorial variance and multiple regression analyses. Results There were differences between age groups in ATI (lower score with increasing age) and between gender, age, and professional group in TA-EG (lower score for females, participants with higher ages, and nursing home managers). Predictors of ATI were age and professional group, predictors of TA-EG, TA-EG-Enthusiasm, and TA-EG-Competence were gender, age, and professional group. Predictors of TA-EG-Positive Consequences were education and professional group. Conclusions We observed rather high affinity for technology and technology interaction values overall, and particularly for nursing home employees compared to managers. Significant predictors for technology affinity and interaction may have important implications, for example the perspectives of nursing home employees and managers should be considered separately in the technological design, development, and implementation process. Furthermore, an open dialogue between all stakeholders should be encouraged to increase the probability of actual technology use.
Sex-Based Differences in Lower Extremity Kinematics During Dynamic Jump Landing Tasks After Neuromuscular Fatigue of the Hip Extensors and Knee Flexors
Authors: Klein Cassidy J.D. , Landry Scott C. , Lattimer Lauren J. 
Published: December 2023

Background: Neuromuscular fatigue can increase the activation of antagonist muscles, thereby reducing the moment produced by the agonist. During the deceleration phase of landing, hip extensor and knee flexor muscles contract eccentrically to counteract the external hip flexion moment. Decreased hip flexion is associated with greater knee extensor moments and risk of injury. Purpose: To investigate sex-based differences in kinematics and muscle activity after neuromuscular fatigue of the hip extensors and knee flexors during dynamic single-leg tasks. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: In this study, 9 female (age, 22.3 ± 3.4 years) and 7 male participants (age, 21.3 ± 2.6 years) completed the triple hop (THop) for distance and single-leg drop-jump (SJump) tasks before and after a fatigue protocol consisting of eccentric hip extension and knee flexion. Motion capture and electromyography were used to compare lower extremity kinematics and muscular activation between the sexes. Results: During the THop, neuromuscular fatigue resulted in significantly decreased maximum hip flexion angles ( P = .01), maximum knee flexion angles ( P = .039), and an effect of sex on all hip flexion angles, where both sexes saw decreased hip flexion postfatigue ( P = .033). A significant interaction of fatigue and sex on hip flexion angular velocity was observed during the SJump, indicating that men experienced an increase while women experienced a decrease in hip flexion angular velocities due to fatigue ( P = .03). Gluteus maximus activation was increased, and erector spinae activation was decreased postfatigue in women during the THop ( P = .053 and P = .023, respectively). Conclusion: Results indicate that men and women compensated differently after fatigue of the hip extensors and knee flexors. Clinical Relevance: Women more commonly assumed an erect landing posture associated with increased injury risk after fatigue of the hip extensors and knee flexors.
Association Between Types of Family Support and Glycemic Control for Adults With Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Zheng Yaguang , Lawrence Katharine , Fletcher Jason , Qi Xiang , Wu Bei 
Published: December 2023

Background: Family support is important in assisting with diabetes self-management for individuals with cognitive impairment, but what types of family support are most effective remain unknown. Objectives: We aimed to examine the association between the types of family support in diabetes self-management with glycemic control in middle-aged and older adults with cognitive impairment. Methods: A total of 267 individuals were included with diabetes and cognitive impairment (27-point Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status score <12), using the data of 2003 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) Diabetes Study and 2004 wave of the HRS. Results: Most respondents were White (68.9%), followed by Black (25.8%). The mean age was 73.4±8.4 years. Adults with strong family support (as indicated by a “strongly agree” response) in testing sugar and in handling feelings about diabetes had significantly lower A1C compared with those with less family support (mean ± standard deviation: 7.08±1.39 vs. 7.51±1.42, P=.03; 6.79±0.87 vs. 7.57±1.53; P=.007 respectively). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that family members of individuals with cognitive impairment provide critical support to patients with diabetes and cognitive impairment, and may need additional intervention to assist with diabetes self-management tasks that require unique knowledge and skills.
Morphological features of halloysite nanotubes as revealed by various microscopies
Authors: Gray-Wannell Nia , Cubillas Pablo , Aslam Zabeada , Holliman Peter J. , Greenwell H. Christopher , Brydson Rik , Delbos Evelyne , Strachan Laura-Jane , Fuller Martin , Hillier Stephen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNine halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) have been examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and (cross-sectional) transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to evaluate details of their external and internal morphologies. The samples span morphologies within the cylindrical to prismatic-polygonal framework proposed by Hillier et al. (2016). The ‘carpet roll’ model assumed in the conceptualization of most technological applications of HNTs is shown to be far too simplistic. Both cylindrical and prismatic forms have abundant edge steps traversing their surfaces that, by analogy with plates of kaolinite, correspond to prism faces. The mean value for the diameter of the central lumen of the tubes is 12 nm. Numerous slit-like nanopores, with diameters up to 18 nm, also occur between packets of layers, particularly in prismatic forms at the junction between a central cylindrical core and outer packets of planar layers. These pores expose aluminol and siloxane surfaces, but unlike the lumen, which is assumed only to expose an aluminol surface, they do not extend along the entire length of the nanotube. Edge steps seen most clearly by AFM correspond in height to the packets of layers seen in TEM. TEM cross-sections suggest that tube growth occurs by accretion of a spiralled thickening wedge of layers evolving from cylindrical to polygonal form and reveal that planar sectors may be joined by either abrupt angular junctions or by short sections of curved layers. A more realistic model of the internal and external morphologies of HNTs is proposed to assist with understanding of the behaviour of HNTs in technological applications.
Effects of nintedanib on symptoms in patients with progressive pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Wijsenbeek Marlies , Swigris Jeffrey J. , Inoue Yoshikazu , Kreuter Michael , Maher Toby M. , Suda Takafumi , Baldwin Michael , Mueller Heiko , Rohr Klaus B. , Flaherty Kevin R. 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundDyspnoea and cough can have a profound impact on the lives of patients with pulmonary fibrosis. We investigated the effects of nintedanib on the symptoms and impact of pulmonary fibrosis in patients with progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) in the INBUILD trial using the Living with Pulmonary Fibrosis (L-PF) questionnaire.MethodsPatients had a fibrosing interstitial lung disease (ILD) (other than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) of >10% extent on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and met criteria for ILD progression within the prior 24 months. Patients were randomised 1:1 to receive nintedanib or placebo. Changes in L-PF questionnaire scores from baseline to week 52 were assessed using mixed models for repeated measures.ResultsIn total, 663 patients were treated. Compared with placebo, there were significantly smaller increases (worsenings) in adjusted mean L-PF questionnaire total (0.5versus5.1), symptoms (1.3versus5.3), dyspnoea (4.3versus7.8) and fatigue (0.7versus4.0) scores in the nintedanib group at week 52. L-PF questionnaire cough score decreased in the nintedanib group and increased in the placebo group (−1.8versus4.3). L-PF questionnaire impacts score decreased slightly in the nintedanib group and increased in the placebo group (−0.2versus4.6). Similar findings were observed in patients with a usual interstitial pneumonia-like fibrotic pattern on HRCT and in patients with other fibrotic patterns on HRCT.ConclusionBased on changes in L-PF questionnaire scores, nintedanib reduced worsening of dyspnoea, fatigue and cough and the impacts of ILD over 52 weeks in patients with PPF.
In-vitro antimalarial activity of methanolic leaf- and stem-derived extracts from four Annonaceae plants
Authors: Lithanatudom Pathrapol , Chawansuntati Kriangkrai , Saenjum Chalermpong , Chaowasku Tanawat , Rattanathammethee Kritsadee , Wungsintaweekul Boonsong , Osathanunkul Maslin , Wipasa Jiraprapa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective
Plants in the Annonaceae family are known for having abundant biologically active secondary metabolites. They have been used in alternative drugs for various diseases in several countries, for instance, the bark of Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook and Thomson is used for Ophthalmic inflammation and wound healing in Malaysia. Extracts from the leaves and stems of four Annonaceae plants, namely Uvaria longipes (Craib) L.L.Zhou, Y.C.F.Su & R.M.K.Saunders, Dasymaschalon sp., Artabotrys burmanicus A.DC, and Marsypopetalum modestum (Pierre) B.Xue & R.M.K.Saunders were investigated for growth inhibitory activity against blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum growth in vitro and for non-specific cytotoxicity against normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Antimalarial activity was assessed by invasion inhibition assay and the percentage of infected red blood cells on blood smears were determined. Cytotoxicity was tested by culturing PBMCs with the extracts, and viabilities were determined by Annexin V/propidium iodide staining.

Results
A. burmanicus stem extract and M. modestum leaf extract were capable of inhibiting growth of P. falciparum when used at 200 µg/mL compared to chloroquine. The extracts at effective concentrations, did not affect the viability of PBMCs. These results support further need for characterization of active compounds from specific Annonaceae plants in order to exploit their components for potential malaria treatment.
Advancements in theranostic applications: exploring the role of fibroblast activation protein inhibition tracers in enhancing thyroid health assessment
Authors: Wang Yuhua , Liu Ye , Geng Huixia , Zhang Wanchun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The diagnostic accuracy of [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]-FDG) positron emission tomography imaging in accurately identifying thyroid lesions is limited, primarily due to the physiological uptake of normal head and neck tissues and inflammatory uptake in lymph nodes. Since fibroblast activating protein is highly expressed in tumors and largely unexpressed in normal tissues, quinoline-based fibroblast activating protein inhibitors (FAPI) have emerged as promising tools in the diagnosis of cancer and other medical conditions. Several studies have reported on the feasibility and value of FAPI in thyroid cancer.

Main body
In this narrative review, we summarize the current literature on state-of-the-art FAPI positron emission tomography imaging for thyroid cancer and fibroblast activating protein-targeted radionuclide therapy. We provide an overview of FAPI uptake in normal thyroid tissue, thyroid cancer and its metastases. Additionally, we highlight the difference between FAPI uptake and [18F]-FDG uptake in thyroid lesions. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic value of FAPI in iodine-refractory thyroid cancer.

Conclusion
The utilization of fibroblast activating protein inhibitors in thyroid cancer holds significant promise, offering clinicians valuable insights for more precise diagnose choices and treatments strategies in the future.