bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moderne Methoden der Blutaufbereitung
Authors: Boecker Clemens , Giss Alexander , Johnsen Matthias 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungVollblutspenden werden nach der Entnahme in Blutspendediensten zu den
Blutkomponenten Erythrozytenkonzentrat, Therapeutisches Plasma und
Thrombozytenkonzentrat weiterverarbeitet. Die Verarbeitung kann auf verschiedene
Weise erfolgen. In diesem Übersichtsartikel erläutern wir die
Unterschiede zwischen den beiden weltweit gebräuchlichsten Verfahren,
dem Buffy-Coat-Verfahren und dem Plättchen-Reiches-Plasma-Verfahren, und
beschreiben das in Deutschland standardgemäß eingesetzte
semi-automatisierte Buffy-Coat Verfahren detaillierter. Darüber hinaus
werden die verschiedenen Automatisierungsgrade in der Vollblutverarbeitung und
die verschiedenen Ansätze zur weiteren Automatisierung beleuchtet. Im
Rahmen dessen zeigen wir auf, welche Automatisierungsmaßnahmen in
einigen Einrichtungen bereits umgesetzt werden konnten und welche neuen
Techniken die weitere Automatisierung in Zukunft entscheidend prägen
könnten.
Physiologie und Epigenetik der Großhirnentwicklung
Authors: Hermann Wieland 
Published: February 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGHaut und Nervensystem verbindet ein gemeinsamer embryonaler Ursprung. Die Kenntnis der Ableitung des Nervensystems aus dem Ektoderm ist wichtig für das Verständnis neuroektodermaler Syndrome. Die pränatale Entwicklung führt zu einem Nervensystem entsprechend eines evolutionär definierten genetischen Plans ohne seine vollständige Leistungsfähigkeit zu erreichen. Dieser Zustand dient als Basis für die postnatale Entwicklung aller psychischen, geistigen und ideellen Bewusstseinsprozesse. Das damit verbundene Weiterwachsen des Gehirns gilt als Besonderheit des Menschen und heißt sekundäre Altrizialität. Parallel kommt es zur Ausreifung des neuronalen Netzwerkes mit Abschluss um das 20. Lebensjahr. Bis dahin, besonders zwischen dem 2. und 10. Lebensjahr besteht eine hohe Neuroplastizität, die für das Erlernen sozialer, kognitiver und motorischer Fähigkeiten wichtig ist. Später kann dies nur schwer oder unvollständig nachgeholt werden. Die erreichbare Leistungsfähigkeit des Gehirns ist somit maßgeblich von der Epigenetik postnatal bestimmt, und nur die Grundlage ist pränatal genetisch determiniert.
Einfluss der Covid-19-Pandemie auf die sportmotorische
Leistungsfähigkeit und den BMI von Grundschulkindern der 2.
Klasse
Authors: Schoser Daria Sophia , Schumacher Felix , Froböse Ingo , Wilke Christiane 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Covid-19-Pandemie führt mit Maßnahmen wie der
Schließung von Sporteinrichtungen und dem Ausfall des
Präsenzunterrichts zu starken Einschnitten und Veränderung der
Bewegungsgewohnheiten. Aufgrund der diskutierten Möglichkeit
langfristiger Folgen dieser Maßnahmen für die Kinder in
Deutschland wird eine Trendstudie mittels Panelerhebung mit Daten aus den Jahren
2019 und 2022 durchgeführt, um eine mögliche Veränderung
der sportmotorischen Fitness und des BMIs zu ermitteln. Die Daten werden mit
Fragebögen und dem motorischen Testinstrument „CHECK!“
erhoben und umfassen die Daten von 2437 Grundschüler*innen der
zweiten Klasse aus allen 26 Grundschulen einer Großstadt. Die
Mittelwerte der Items aus dem sportmotorischen Test wurden mit einem t-Test
für unabhängige Stichproben überprüft.
Zusätzlich wurden, angelehnt an den Schulscharfen Sozialindex, ungleiche
Schulstandorte in Subgruppen explorativ miteinander verglichen.
Übergreifend nahm die aerobe Ausdauer, gemessen mit einem
6-Minuten-Lauf, ab. Die Ergebnisse in Bezug auf die Kraft verbesserten sich im
Vergleich zur Gruppe vor der Pandemie. Die Ergebnisse für Schnelligkeit,
Flexibilität und Koordination zeigten keine statistisch signifikanten
Veränderungen. Hinsichtlich sozioökonomischer Unterschiede wird
eine Verschlechterung des BMIs der Subgruppe schwacher sozioökonomischer
Schulstandort im Jahr 2022 erkannt. Diese Subgruppe schneidet sowohl im Jahr
2019 als auch im Jahr 2022 in fast allen Testitems der sportmotorischen Leistung
schlechter ab. Es lassen sich übergreifend Hinweise finden, dass sich
lediglich die aerobe Ausdauer zu der Zeit vor der Pandemie verschlechtert hat.
Der sozioökonomische Schulstandort weist 2022 verstärkt ein
Anzeichen auf eine Verschlechterung der sportmotorischen
Leistungsfähigkeit sowie des BMI auf und sollte für
zukünftige Fördermaßnahmen in den Blick genommen
werden.
Innovative Prozesskette zur Sicherung der Erwerbsfähigkeit
nach endoprothetischem Gelenkersatz
Authors: Gernert Madeleine , Dejonghe Lea A.L. , Schöttler Marc , Schaller Andrea 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungIn der postoperativen Versorgung nach Hüft- und Kniegelenkersatz ergeben
sich oftmals durch eine eingeschränkte Rehabilitationsfähigkeit
von Patient*innen Herausforderungen für die inhaltliche
Ausgestaltung der stationären Anschlussrehabilitation. Um
Patient*innen besser auf die Anschlussrehabilitation vorzubereiten und
in der Folge die Wiedereingliederung ins Berufsleben zu verbessern, werden im
Modellprojekt ProSEeG zwei innovative Therapiemodule entwickelt und evaluiert.
Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden diese innovativen Therapiemodule sowie das
Evaluationskonzept des Modellprojektes vorgestellt.
Stationäre Behandlung bei älteren Patienten mit
Rückenschmerzen unter Berücksichtigung der Möglichkeit
der multimodal-nichtoperativen Komplexbehandlung – Erfahrungsbericht aus
einem Kompetenzzentrum
Authors: Kladny Bernd , Haase Ingo 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungKreuzschmerzen sind insbesondere bei älteren Menschen häufigste
Ursache für Funktionseinschränkungen. Wenn die Erreichung der
Behandlungsziele unter ambulanten Bedingungen nicht gewährleistet ist,
besteht die Möglichkeit nichtoperativer orthopädischer
Krankenhausbehandlung, entweder im Rahmen diagnosebezogener Fallgruppen (DRGs)
oder im erweiterten Rahmen multimodal-nichtoperativer Komplexbehandlung, an
deren Abrechnung strukturell, diagnostisch und therapeutisch höhere
Voraussetzungen geknüpft sind. Neben einer Darstellung der
Möglichkeiten multimodal-nichtoperativen Komplexbehandlung berichten wir
über Erfahrungen hinsichtlich Patientenstruktur und Behandlungsergebnis
auf der Basis von Daten aus den Jahren 2018 und 2019. Es zeigt sich, dass auch
ältere Patienten von der konservativen stationären Behandlung
ihrer Rückenschmerzen profitieren, Die Verläufe der
älteren Patienten, sei es in DRG- oder in Komplexbehandlung,
unterscheiden sich nicht auffällig von den jüngeren Patienten
(Kruskal-Wallis-Test mit post-hoc-Tests, p-Werte>0,1), allerdings bleibt
die Funktionskapazität auf niedrigerem Niveau.
Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio: an independent predictor of the herpes
zoster risk in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with
tofacitinib
Authors: Liu Pengcheng , Zhang Min , Zhang Yueqin , Yu Shujiao , Wu Rui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo investigate the role of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the risk of
developing herpes zoster (HZ) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
receiving tofacitinib. This was a prospective observational study recruiting
patients who were diagnosed with RA and treated with tofacitinib. Patients with
previous herpes zoster infections were excluded from this study. All patients
were assessed for HZ every 1–3 months and were followed up for 12 months.
Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the
relationship between NLR and HZ. A cutoff value of NLR was determined based on
an ROC curve. A total of 277 patients were included in this study, 19 of whom
developed herpes zoster. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression
analyses showed that NLR (OR=19.813, p<0.05), neutrophils (OR=15.521,
p<0.05) and lymphocytes (OR=0.001, p<0.05) were independent influencing
factors of HZ. Through the analysis of the ROC curve, it was found that
neutrophils, lymphocytes and NLR had a high predictive value for HZ (AUC=0.75;
AUC=0.76; AUC=0.94). The cutoff values were 4.46*10^9/L, 1.70*10^9/L and 3.24,
respectively. Given that the NLR is easy to test, NLR was also expected to be a
very promising quantitative biomarker for predicting the risk of developing
herpes zoster in patients with RA receiving tofacitinib.
Diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence-enabled vectorcardiography versus myocardial perfusion SPECT in patients with suspected or known coronary heart disease
Authors: Aydar Simon , Knobl Hermann , Burchert Wolfgang , Lindner Oliver 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Aim The present study evaluated with myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) the diagnostic accuracy of an artificial intelligence-enabled vectorcardiography system (Cardisiography, CSG) for detection of perfusion abnormalities.
Methods We studied 241 patients, 155 with suspected CAD and 86 with known CAD who were referred for MPS. The CSG was performed after the MPS acquisition. The CSG results (1) p-factor (perfusion, 0: normal, 1: mildly, 2: moderately, 3: highly abnormal) and (2) s-factor (structure, categories as p-factor) were compared with the MPS scores. The CSG system was not trained during the study.
Results Considering the p-factor alone, a specificity of >78% and a negative predictive value of mostly >90% for all MPS variables were found. The sensitivities ranged from 17 to 56%, the positive predictive values from 4 to 38%. Combining the p- and the s-factor, significantly higher specificity values of about 90% were reached. The s-factor showed a significant correlation (p=0.006) with the MPS ejection fraction.
Conclusions The CSG system is able to exclude relevant perfusion abnormalities in patients with suspected or known CAD with a specificity and a negative predictive value of about 90% combining the p- and the s-factor. Since it is a learning system there is potential for further improvement before routine use.
Synthesis of Racemosin B and Its Analogues by a Photochemical Cyclization
Authors: Nagarajan Rajagopal , Wazir Irfan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA simple approach for the synthesis of the alkaloid racemosin B has been developed through a photochemical cyclization reaction with a 33% overall yield without any reagents. This method is sustainable and environmentally friendly because no reagents are required to effect the transformation.
Importance of Multimodal Spinal Cord Monitoring and Hemodynamic Augmentation during High Thoracic Ventral Dural Tear Repair Using the Posterior Approach
Authors: Mariappan Ramamani , Thomas Sajo , Raju Krishnaprabhu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage due to large ventral dural tears (VDT) often requires surgical intervention. Surgical closure of a high thoracic VDT is challenging and associated with high morbidity, especially if it is performed after multiple epidural blood patch (EBP)/fibrin glue injections. A 44-year-old woman was diagnosed with spontaneous intracranial hypotension due to VDT at T1-T2, causing CSF leakage. Multiple EBP and fibrin glue injections failed to treat her symptoms; hence, the patient underwent surgical closure using the posterior approach. The patient was anesthetized using standard anesthetic drugs and was maintained under total intravenous anesthesia to facilitate continuous motor-evoked potential (MEP) monitoring. The surgical course was complicated by bleeding, hypotension, and MEP loss. Continuous MEP monitoring, effective team communication, quick restoration of blood pressure(BP) and BP augmentation with fluid, blood, and vasopressor helped to restore the MEP back to baseline. Hence, the patient recovered without neurological morbidity. This case report highlights the importance of adequate vascular access, multimodal spinal cord monitoring, and BP augmentation during a high thoracic VDT repair.
Association between Social Jetlag and Objective Physical Activity among Female University Students of Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shibata Masashi , Fujibayashi Mami , Shibata Shiori , Kuzuhara Kenji , Tanida Keiko 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective Discrepancies between sleep timing on work/school and free days, also known as social jetlag (SJL), can cause health problems. These issues occur most often in individuals from adolescence to the early 20s, which is equivalent to the age of university students. This study was designed to explore the recommended level of physical activity required to minimize SJL and to examine the relationship between SJL and objective physical activity among female university students.
Methods We assessed the SJL of 68 female students using the Japanese version of the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire. The objective physical activity and sleep variables of subjects were also evaluated at 3 to 4 weeks using a small triaxial accelerometer.
Results A significant negative correlation was found between SJL and physical activity on both free (r = − 0.435, p < 0.001) and school days (r = − 0.341, p < 0.01). According to the linear regression analysis, physical activity of 11,174 steps on school days and 10,713 steps on free days had the lowest SJL value. Total sleep time on free days had a significant positive correlation with SJL (r = 0.399, p < 0.001) and a negative correlation with physical activity (r = − 0.520, p < 0.001).
Discussion Our results suggest that substantial SJL may cause chronic fatigue and lead to a low level of physical activity in female university students. These results also imply that the recommended level of physical activity necessary to minimize SJL among these students is around 11,000 steps on both school and free days.
Penile Horn After Chronic Ulcer*
Authors: Bhargava J. S. , Keswani R. K. , Goyal S. L. , Gupta D. K. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryA case of penile horn over preexisting chronic ulcer has been reported. Penile horn was treated by local excision but recurrence occurred after 3 months, for that partial amputation of penis was done.
Uncommon Manifestations of Filariasis
Authors: Bhattacharya V. , Sinha J. K. , Tripathi F. M. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryWe present in this paper some of the unusual manifestations of filariasis. Surgery remains the sole modality of treatment along with conscrvative measures.The skin of the scrotal neck and, if necessary, the skin flap from the thigh, are the best means to reconstruct the scrotum and cover the testes.
Reconstruction of Vagina in Cases of Vaginal Agenesis With Normal Uterus
Authors: Tiwari I. N. , Seth H. P. , Narayanan R. , Nayak P. N. 
Published: February 2024

Summary3 young women have been successfully operated by a modified Mc. Indoe technique of vaginoplasty. The result has been satisfactory from the poiont of view mestruation and sexual intercourse. It remains to be seen, whether they conceive in due course of time.
A Study of Mortality in Burns (A review of 1513 cases)
Authors: Sinka Prof. R. C. , Verma Dr. S. K. 
Published: February 2024

Summary1. Mortality among 1513 cases of burns admitted in Patna Medical college Hospital, TUnder Plastic Surgery Department from Jan., 1970 to Dec., 1979 were reviewed.2. 60.62% of the cases were of major burns (above 30%), 14.34% were between 15% to 30% and 25.04% were below 15%.3. There was a total mortality of 498 cases out of which 213 were males and 385 were females with an overall mortality of 37.7% in males and 30.5% in females.4, 86.97% of the cases had received the burn injury due to cloth catching fire and the accident was preventable.5. 40.2%, of the cases were from the age group 12 to 45 years. 24.8%, above 45 years and 18.4 below 12 years.
Role of Collagen Sheet as a Temporary Cover for Raw Area—An Experimental Study
Authors: Krishnan Dr. R. , Goel Dr. T. C. , Bhatnagar Dr. S. K. , Kumar Dr. Mahender 
Published: February 2024

Summary1. Collagen sheet is very useful in preventing exogenous infection.2. It promotes rapid epithelization in thickness raw areas, by protecting it from infection and the sheet is ultimately cost off.3. Solit thickness skin grafts do not take up in cases of partial thickness skin loss. The wound epitheli it casts off.4. Ointment dressings are prone to infection (57%) and they need frequent charges unlike collagen sheet.5. Small, clean, full thickness raw areas covered with collagen sheet take lesser time to heal completaly (28 days), compared to those treated with conventional dressings (35-45 days).
Epidemiological Study Of Hypospadias
Authors: Dr Bariar L. M. , Dr Sinha J. K. , Dr Tripathi F. M. , Dr Bhattacharya V. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryAn analysis of 76 cases of hypospadias of all types treated during the period 1975 to 1980 is presented. The mean number of new patients attending the outdoor per year was 13.2. Maximum number of cases (41 percent) presented during first five years of their life. Four percent of the cases had chordee without hypospadias. Seventy Three percent cases belonged to distal types and 27 percent to proximal types. The various morphological features were noted in detail. Assocjated penile hypoplasia was seen in high percentage of cases and 6 per cent cent patients with hypospadias of proximal types had bifid scrotum.
Observaticns On The Treatment Of Ganglion With Intralesisonal Injection Of Hyaluronidase
Authors: Saha Dy. Ila , Biswas Dr. P. C. , Gupta Dr. S. , Polle Dr. N. P. , Ganguly Dr. A. C. 
Published: February 2024

Summary110 cases of simple ganglion were treated by aspiration and injection therapy by Hyalu-ronidase, out of which 74 cases could be followed up for 3 months to one and half year, rest 36 were lost to follow up. Out of the 74 rest 36 were lost to follow up. Out of the 74 follow up and 6 cases had recurrence, & did not respond to the treatment.
Post Burn Neck Contracture (A Study of 64 cases)
Authors: Dr Yadar R. G. , Bafna Dr. Yogesh , Chandalia Dr. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryThe principal methods involved in correction of cervical burn contracture have been described. Our study of 64 cases of post burn contracture of neck which have been treated by split skin graft (S.S.G) and use of U-Foam splint to prevent S. S. G. contracture is presented.
Mobile Technologies for Monitoring Sleep Time: A Systematic Search of App Stores in Brazil
Authors: Lemes Lorena Caligiuri , Triches Maria Isabel , Carvalho Cristiano , Cardoso Viviane de Freitas , Sato Tatiana de Oliveira 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction Decreased sleep time is detrimental to physical and mental health, exerting negative impacts on daily functioning and quality of life. Mobile health (mHealth) applications can be useful for improving sleep quality.
Objective To perform a systematic search of mHealth applications for monitoring sleep time at Brazilian online stores and evaluate the selected applications in terms of engagement, functionality, aesthetics, and quality of information.
Methods A systematic search was performed at the Google Play Store and the App Store developed or updated between 2020 and 2022. The mobile app rating scale (MARS) was used to assess their quality. The characteristics and information of these applications were presented. Data were analyzed descriptively.
Results Among the 2,264 relevant mHealth apps identified, 11 were eligible for inclusion. There was one app that offered only sleep time recordings, three offered sleep recordings and educational content, three monitored sleep time with audiovisual resources, two offered sleep time recordings with a focus on monitoring snoring, and two offered sleep time monitoring with individual content customizations. The apps scored fair on MARS, with a mean of 3.5 points (standard deviation: 0.8) on a scale of 1 to 5. Most apps scored low due to poor evidence-based information, aesthetics, and engagement.
Conclusion Although the use of mHealth technologies for monitoring sleep time has considerable potential for investigation, it is a relatively new, underexplored topic. Collaboration between researchers, clinical professionals, patients, and application developers is necessary for the creation of new evidence-based mHealth applications focused on Brazilian users.
Risk Factor Analysis for 30-day Mortality After Surgery for Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Jussli-Melchers Jill , Friedrich Christine , Mandler Kira , Alosh Mohamad Hosam , Salem Mohamed Ahmed , Schoettler Jan , Cremer Jochen , Haneya Assad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background Infective endocarditis (IE) remains a challenging disease associated with high mortality. Several scores have been suggested to assess surgical risk. None was sufficiently adequate. We therefore analyzed risk factors for 30-day mortality.
Methods A total of 438 consecutive patients had surgery for IE in our department between 2002 and 2020. Patients were divided into two groups, one consisting of 30-day survivors (362 patients; 82.6%) and one of nonsurvivors (76 patients; 17.4%). Logistic regression analysis on pre- and intraoperative risk factors was performed and the groups were compared by univariable analyses.
Results Patients in mortality group were older (69 [58, 77] vs. 63 [50, 72] years; p < 0.001), EuroSCORE II was higher (24.5 [12.1, 49.0] vs. 8.95 [3.7, 21.2]; p < 0.001) and there were more females. More frequently left ventricular function (below 30%), preoperative acute renal insufficiency, chronic dialysis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, NYHA-class IV (New York Heart Association heart failure class IV), and cardiogenic shock occurred. Patients in the mortality group were often intensive care unit patients (40.8 vs. 22.4%; p < 0.001) or had a preoperative stroke (26.3 vs. 16.0%; p = 0.033). In the nonsurvivor group Staphylococcus aureus was prevalent. Streptococcus viridans was common in the survivor group as was isolated aortic valve endocarditis (32.9 vs. 17.1%; p = 0.006). Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) and abscesses occurred more often in nonsurvivors. In the logistic regression analysis, female gender, chronic dialysis, cardiogenic shock, and NYHA IV and from intraoperative variables PVE, cardiopulmonary bypass time, and mitral valve surgery were the strongest predictors for 30-day mortality.
Conclusion This study indeed clearly indicates that significant risk factors for 30-day mortality cannot be changed. Nevertheless, they should be taken into account for preoperative counselling, and they will alert the surgical team for an even more careful management.
High thermoelectric performance in polycrystalline Yb3Ge5 thin films
Authors: Ishiyama T. , Ozawa T. , Saitoh N. , Yoshizawa N. , Suemasu T. , Toko K. 
Published: February 2024

The development of eco-friendly thin-film thermoelectric generators for microenergy harvesting applications is highly desired. Ge-based materials have recently attracted significant research interest because of their superior performance at room temperature as human-compatible thermoelectric constituents. We examined the synthesis of Yb3Ge5 thin films and assessed their thermoelectric properties, considering the exceptional ability of Yb as a heavy metal to scatter phonons. The components of the resulting thin film were strongly dependent on the Yb/Ge deposition ratio and the subsequent annealing temperature. An increase in the Yb content augmented the formation of Yb2O3, whereas an increase in the Ge content facilitated the formation of Ge crystals. These trends were more evident at higher annealing temperatures. By controlling the YbGe composition, a power factor of 1470 µW m−1 K−2 was obtained at an annealing temperature of 700 °C, along with a low thermal conductivity of 3.1 W m−1 K−1. Machine-learning-facilitated data analysis revealed that the high power factor originated from Yb3Ge5. Notably, the power factor reached 1370 µW m−1 K−2 even at a temperature of 500 °C, causing the expansion of heat-resistant plastic films. Thus, we established the impressive potential of Yb3Ge5 as a suitable material for eco-friendly thin-film thermoelectric generators.