bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Three‐Dimensionally Extended Metal–Organic Ladder Compound Exhibiting Proton Conduction
Authors: Liang Hao , Otsubo Kazuya , Wakabayashi Yusuke , Sagayama Hajime , Kawaguchi Shogo , Kitagawa Hiroshi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLadder systems situated in the dimensional crossover region have attracted much attention because their electronic states and physical properties depend strongly on the electronic correlations among the constituent legs. Generally, two‐/three‐legged transition metal‐oxide ladder compounds are studied as representative ladder systems, but two‐/three‐dimensional (2D/3D) extensions based on such ladder systems with a few numbers of legs are difficult because of the extreme synthesis conditions. Here, for the first time, we report the successful creation of a 3D extended two‐legged ladder compound, [Pt(en)(dpye)I]2(NO3)4 ⋅ 2H2O (en=ethylenediamine; dpye=1,2‐Di(4‐pyridyl)ethane), which is obtained by simple oxidative polymerization of a small Pt macrocyclic complex using elemental I2. The unique 3D extended lattice consists of 1D mixed‐valence halogen‐bridged metal chains (⋅⋅⋅Pt−I−Pt−I⋅⋅⋅) and helically arranged macrocyclic units as the constituent legs and rungs, as confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Diffuse X‐ray scattering analyses and optical measurements revealed that the out‐of‐phase mixed‐valence Pt2+/Pt4+ arrangement arises from the weak interchain correlation among adjacent legs. In addition, this compound shows an increase in proton conductivity by a factor of up to 1000, depending on humidity.
Photoinduced Precise Synthesis of Diatomic Ir1Pd1‐In2O3 for CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol via Angstrom‐Scale‐Distance Dependent Synergistic Catalysis
Authors: Chen Jie , Zhang Dongjian , Liu Bing , Zheng Ke , Li Yufeng , Xu Yuebing , Li Zaijun , Liu Xiaohao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe atomically dispersed metal catalysts with full atomic utilization and well‐defined site structure hold great promise for various catalytic reactions. However, the single metallic site limits the comprehensive reaction performance in most reactions. Here, we demonstrated a photo‐induced neighbour‐deposition strategy for the precise synthesis of diatomic Ir1Pd1 on In2O3 applied for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol. The proximity synergism between diatomic sites enabled a striking promotion in both CO2 conversion (10.5 %) and methanol selectivity (97 %) with good stability of 100 h run. It resulted in record‐breaking space‐time yield to methanol (187.1 gMeOH gmetal−1 hour−1). The promotional effect mainly originated from stronger CO2 adsorption on Ir site with assistance of H‐spillover from Pd site, thus leading to a lower energy barrier for *HCOO pathway. It was confirmed that this synergistic effect strongly depended on the dual‐site distance in an angstrom scale, which was attributed to weaker *H spillover and less electron transfer from Pd to Ir site as the Pd‐to‐Ir distance increased. The average dual‐site distance was evaluated by our firstly proposed photoelectric model. Thus, this study introduced a pioneering strategy to precisely synthesize homonuclear/heteronuclear diatomic catalysts for facilitating the desired reaction route via diatomic synergistic catalysis.
The Fundamental Disorder Unit in (Si, P)−(O, N) Networks
Authors: Dialer Marwin , Witthaut Kristian , Bräuniger Thomas , Schmidt Peter J. , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study presents the synthesis and characterization of oxonitridosilicate phosphates Sr3SiP3O2N7, Sr5Si2P4ON12, and Sr16Si9P9O7N33 as the first of their kind. These compounds were synthesized under high‐temperature (1400 °C) and high‐pressure (3 GPa) conditions. A unique structural feature is their common fundamental building unit, a vierer single chain of (Si, P)(O, N)4 tetrahedra. All tetrahedra comprise substitutional disorder which is why we refer to it as the fundamental disorder unit (FDU). We classified four different FDU motifs, revealing systematic bonding patterns. Including literature known Sr5Si2P6N16, three of the four patterns were found in the presented compounds. Common techniques like single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SCXRD), elemental analyses, and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were utilized for structural analysis. Additionally, low‐cost crystallographic calculations (LCC) provided insights into the structure of Sr16Si9P9O7N33 where NMR data were unavailable due to the lack of bulk samples. The optical properties of these compounds, when doped with Eu2+, were investigated using photoluminescence excitation (PLE), photoluminescence (PL) measurements, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Factors influencing the emission properties, including thermal quenching mechanisms, were discussed. This research reveals the new class of oxonitridosilicate phosphates with unique systematic structural features that offer potential for theoretical studies of luminescence and band gap tuning in insulators.
Discovery of the First‐in‐Class Inhibitors of Hypoxia Up‐Regulated Protein 1 (HYOU1) Suppressing Pathogenic Fibroblast Activation
Authors: Papadopoulou Dimitra , Mavrikaki Vasiliki , Charalampous Filippos , Tzaferis Christos , Samiotaki Martina , Papavasileiou Konstantinos D. , Afantitis Antreas , Karagianni Niki , Denis Maria C. , Sanchez Julie , Lane J. Robert , Faidon Brotzakis Zacharias , Skretas Georgios , Georgiadis Dimitris , Matralis Alexios N. , Kollias George 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFibroblasts are key regulators of inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer. Targeting their activation in these complex diseases has emerged as a novel strategy to restore tissue homeostasis. Here, we present a multidisciplinary lead discovery approach to identify and optimize small molecule inhibitors of pathogenic fibroblast activation. The study encompasses medicinal chemistry, molecular phenotyping assays, chemoproteomics, bulk RNA‐sequencing analysis, target validation experiments, and chemical absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET)/pharmacokinetic (PK)/in vivo evaluation. The parallel synthesis employed for the production of the new benzamide derivatives enabled us to a) pinpoint key structural elements of the scaffold that provide potent fibroblast‐deactivating effects in cells, b) discriminate atoms or groups that favor or disfavor a desirable ADMET profile, and c) identify metabolic “hot spots”. Furthermore, we report the discovery of the first‐in‐class inhibitor leads for hypoxia up‐regulated protein 1 (HYOU1), a member of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family often associated with cellular stress responses, particularly under hypoxic conditions. Targeting HYOU1 may therefore represent a potentially novel strategy to modulate fibroblast activation and treat chronic inflammatory and fibrotic disorders.
Differentiating the aromatic positional isomers of methylbuphedrones and methoxybuphedrones via chemical ionization‐mass spectrometry
Authors: Tsunoi Shinji , Yasuhisa Tomohiro , Hisasue Takahiro , Suzuki Itaru , Shibata Ikuya 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDiscrimination of aromatic positional isomers of methylbuphedrones and methoxybuphedrones was successfully achieved. Meta isomers were discriminated by chemical ionization‐tandem mass spectrometry (CI‐MS/MS) using acetonitrile as a reagent gas. Furthermore, all the aromatic positional isomers were discriminated by CI‐MS/MS using vinyltrimethylsilane as a reagent gas.
Visualizing Amyloid Assembly at the Nanoscale: Insights from Super‐Resolution Imaging
Authors: Bhuskute Kaustubh R. , Kikuchi Kai , Luo Zijie , Kaur Amandeep 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the rapidly evolving landscape of molecular imaging, super‐resolution techniques emerge as indispensable tools, revolutionizing our capacity to decipher the intricacies of protein aggregation, and paving the way for molecular‐level understanding of the progression of neurodegenerative disorders. In this review article we provide an overview of the diverse super‐resolution imaging techniques applied to study amyloids at high resolution. We outline the strengths and limitations of each technique, offering insights into their applicability to different amyloid systems. We next delve into the diverse strategies employed for labeling amyloids in conjunction with super‐resolution imaging. From small organic dyes to fluorescent proteins and advanced chemical probes, the discussion encompasses the strengths and considerations associated with each labeling method. The comparative analysis not only evaluates the impact of labeling on resolution and specificity but also highlights emerging trends and future directions in the field.
Pregnancy‐related knowledge in women with epilepsy in childbearing age: A pilot questionnaire survey from China
Authors: Li Qiwei , Cao Yina , Zhang Jingxin , Fu Yanlu , Shen Beibei , Wang Shuang , Fang Jiajia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeWe aim to understand the knowledge of and attitudes toward pregnancy issues among women with epilepsy (WWE) and their caregivers and analyze the answers from the questionnaire to expose topics that require educational activities; thus, WWE experiences pregnancy better.MethodsWWE at their childbearing age and/or their caregivers who entered the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University for treatment of their condition were invited to fill out a questionnaire between March 1 and November 31, 2022.ResultsA combined total of 205 WWE and 142 caregivers completed the questionnaires. Among the surveyed WWE, a majority (63.74%) reported experiencing at least one miscarriage or induced abortion. However, a significant proportion (84.62%) of these WWE were still able to successfully give birth to at least one child. Furthermore, the offspring of these WWE showed no significant differences compared to the offspring of women without epilepsy, as reported by 93.51% of the participants. The participants’ knowledge regarding the impact of epilepsy on pregnancy was found to be comparable, with average scores of 7.74 and 7.84, respectively. The participants exhibited a limited comprehension of antiseizure medications (ASMs)‐related knowledge, specifically pertaining to ASMs adjustment during pregnancy (17.56% vs. 16.90%) and offspring outcomes (30.24% vs. 26.06%). Statistical analysis revealed significant correlations between the overall score and education level (p < .001), as well as epilepsy duration (p = .008). Regarding the source of knowledge, participants acknowledged primarily relying on neurologists, who remained their preferred choice for consultation.ConclusionIn our study, the understanding of pregnancy‐related knowledge did not differ from WWE and their caregivers, both are far from satisfactory in certain areas. It is urgent for WWE and their caregivers to improve their pregnancy‐related knowledge of epilepsy. As their primary access is from knowledgeable health care professionals like neurologists, well‐trained neurologists in epilepsy management during pregnancy are in need.
UK Medical Cannabis Registry: Assessment of clinical outcomes in patients with insomnia
Authors: Vivek Kavyesh , Karagozlu Zekiye , Erridge Simon , Holvey Carl , Coomber Ross , Rucker James J. , Weatherall Mark W. , Sodergren Mikael H 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe primary aim of this study was to assess changes in sleep‐specific health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) for those prescribed cannabis‐based medicinal products (CBMPs) for insomnia.MethodsA case series of UK patients with insomnia was analyzed. Primary outcomes were changes in the Single‐Item Sleep‐Quality Scale (SQS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 (GAD‐7), and EQ‐5D‐5L at up to 6 months from baseline. Statistical significance was identified as a p value < .050.Results61 patients were included in the analysis. There was an improvement in the SQS from baseline at 1, 3, and 6 months (p < .001). There were also improvements in the EQ‐5D‐5L Index value and GAD‐7 at 1, 3, and 6 months (p < .050). There were 28 (45.9%) adverse events recorded by 8 patients (13.1%). There were no life‐threatening/disabling adverse events.ConclusionPatients with insomnia experienced an improvement in sleep quality following the initiation of CBMPs in this medium‐term analysis. Fewer than 15% of participants reported one or more adverse events. However, due to the limitations of the study design, further investigation is required before definitive conclusions can be drawn on the efficacy of CBMPs in treating insomnia.
A case of leukemia cutis showing annular erythema during the course of Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute B‐lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Tomita Hizuru , Nobeyama Yoshimasa , Sakayori You , Matsumoto Rika , Chujo Satomi , Suzuki Hikaru , Asahina Akihiko 
Published: February 2024

Key Clinical MessageWe report a case of leukemia cutis showing annular erythema during the course of Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute B‐lymphoblastic leukemia. The annular appearance may be developed by immunomodulatory effects of blinatumomab.
Spinal muscular atrophy type 1: A fatal case in a 1‐year‐old girl with delayed diagnosis
Authors: Rizvi Saira Batool , Ahmed Hafsa , Zaman Arbaz , Ali Ameenudeen Mohammed Nushrath , Shah Hussain Haider , Rauf Sameer Abdul , Dave Tirth 
Published: February 2024

Key Clinical MessageSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a growing clinical concern, necessitating higher awareness and early detection. This case study focuses on the difficulties and advances in detecting and treating SMA. It emphasizes the value of early detection, interdisciplinary care, genetic testing, and novel therapeutics in terms of improving outcomes.AbstractSpinal muscular atrophy type 1 (SMA Type 1) is a rare genetic neuromuscular disease characterized by muscle atrophy and weakness. This case report presents the fatal outcome of a 1‐year‐old girl with delayed diagnosis of SMA Type 1. The child exhibited symptoms of muscle weakness and respiratory distress, which were initially overlooked. Despite a thorough examination and diagnostic tests, including genetic analysis, SMA Type 1 with a homozygous deletion in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene was confirmed. The child received supportive measures and physiotherapy but experienced a progressive deterioration of her condition and eventually succumbed to the disease. This case underscores the challenges of diagnosing SMA and highlights the importance of early identification for appropriate management. Improved awareness, diagnostic protocols, and access to treatment options, including pharmacological drugs and gene therapy, are essential to improve outcomes for SMA Type 1 patients, particularly in resource‐limited settings. Early detection through newborn screening programs and timely intervention can significantly impact the prognosis and life expectancy of SMA Type 1 children, emphasizing the need for continued research and clinical trials to establish a definitive cure.
Construction of Bidentate Phosphines Enabled by Photoinduced Reductive Diphosphination of Alkenes
Authors: Liu Hongchi , Huang Hanmin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe diphosphination of alkenes through a radical pathway offers a promising approach for the rapid construction of aryl bisphosphines. However, such a synthetic strategy has not been successfully applied to the preparation of alkyl bisphosphines, partially due to the difficulties in the generation of phosphorus‐centered radicals from common alkyl phosphine compounds. We herein demonstrate that this challenge can be overcome by hiring Janus‐faced chlorophosphine as the phosphine source that can act as not only a radical precursor to generate phosphine‐centered radicals but also a radicalphile to capture alkyl radicals. With this novel strategy, a photocatalyzed reductive diphosphination reaction has been established, allowing for a straightforward synthesis of both aryl and alkyl 1,2‐bisphosphines from readily accessible alkenes and chlorophosphines.
Neuroblastoma and its Target Therapies: A Medicinal Chemistry Review
Authors: Gerges A. , Canning U. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNeuroblastoma (NB) is a childhood malignant tumour belonging to a group of embryonic tumours originating from progenitor cells of the sympathoadrenal lineage. The heterogeneity of NB is reflected in the survival rates of those with low and intermediate risk diseases who have survival rates ranging from 85 to 90 %. However, for those identified with high‐risk Stage 4 NB, the treatment options are much more limited. For this group, current treatment consists of immunotherapy (monoclonal antibodies) in combination with anti‐cancer drugs and has a 40 to 50 % survival rate. The purpose of this review is to summarise NB research from a medicinal chemistry perspective and to highlight advances in targeted drug therapy in the field. The review examines the medicinal chemistry of a number of drugs tested in research, some of which are currently under clinical trial. It concludes by proposing that future medicinal chemistry research into NB should consider other possible target therapies and adopt a multi‐target drug approach rather than a one‐drug‐one‐target approach for improved efficacy and less drug‐drug interaction for the treatment of NB Stage 4 (NBS4) patients.
Impact of Temperature on the Chiroptical Properties of Thin Films of Chiral Thiophene‐based Oligomers
Authors: Albano Gianluigi , Portus Lorenzo , Martinelli Elisa , Pescitelli Gennaro , Di Bari Lorenzo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAccording to the theoretical model based on the Mueller matrix approach, the experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) for thin films of chiral organic dyes can be expressed as the sum of several contributions, two of which are the most significant: 1) an intrinsic component (CDiso) invariant upon sample orientation, reflecting the molecular and/or supramolecular chirality, due to 3D‐chiral nanoscopic structures; 2) a non‐reciprocal component (LDLB) which inverts its sign upon sample flipping, which arises from the interaction of linear dichroism and linear birefringence in locally anisotropic domains, expression of 2D‐chiral micro/mesoscopic structures. In this work, we followed in parallel through ECD and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) the temperature evolution of the supramolecular arrangements of thin films of five structurally related chiral thiophene‐based oligomers with different LDLB/CDiso ratio. By increasing the temperature, regardless of phase transitions observed by DSC analysis, systems with strong CDiso revealed no changes in the ECD spectrum, while compounds with dominant LDLB contribution underwent a gradual (and reversible) reduction of (apparent) ECD signals. These findings demonstrated that the concomitant occurrence of intrinsic and non‐reciprocal components in the ECD spectrum of thin films of chiral organic dyes is strictly correlated with solid‐state organizations of different stability.
Patients' values and preferences regarding endoscopic therapy for Barrett's esophagus: A cross‐sectional survey study
Authors: Qumseya Bashar J. , Estores David , Gorripati Venkata , Liu Nanlog , Qumseya Amira 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionEndoscopic eradication therapy (EET) has evolved as a minimally invasive and efficacious option to treat patients with dysplastic Barret's esophagus. We aimed to conduct a cross‐sectional study to assess patient values and preferences on EET.MethodsAll consecutive patients at our clinic and endoscopy center were enrolled between November 2020 and April 2022. The primary outcome was their willingness to undergo EET measured using a validated survey tool. Predictors of this outcome included patient demographics, disease characteristics, procedure types, and physician characteristics. We used a multivariable logistic regression model to assess the association between the primary outcome and its predictors.ResultsA total of 101 consecutive Barret's esophagus patients were surveyed. The median age was 67 years, and 71.3% were males. About 48% (n = 48) of the patients had dysplasia, 19% had no dysplasia and others were unsure about the presence or absence of dysplasia. About one‐third (30%, n = 30) of patients placed equal values on preventing cancer and avoiding adverse events, and 68% said they were somewhat or definitely willing to undergo EET (ablation and resection). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, the patient value of high emphasis on cancer prevention (odds ratio [OR] 2.9 [1.1–7.6], p = 0.0344) and positive relationship with a gastroenterologist (OR 4.7 [1.3–17], p = 0.02) were strongly associated with increased willingness to undergo EET.ConclusionsIn this single‐center prospective study of Barret's esophagus patients, the willingness to undergo EET was strongly associated with two predictors: high emphasis on cancer prevention and a positive relationship with the gastroenterologist.
Requirement of a novel gene, drish, in the zebrafish retinal ganglion cell and primary motor axon development
Authors: Gurung Suman , Restrepo Nicole K. , Anand Surendra Kumar , Sittaramane Vinoth , Sumanas Saulius 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundDuring neurogenesis, growing axons must navigate through the complex extracellular environment and make correct synaptic connections for the proper functioning of neural circuits. The mechanisms underlying the formation of functional neural networks are still only partially understood.ResultsHere we analyzed the role of a novel gene si:ch73‐364h19.1/drish in the neural and vascular development of zebrafish embryos. We show that drish mRNA is expressed broadly and dynamically in multiple cell types including neural, glial, retinal progenitor and vascular endothelial cells throughout the early stages of embryonic development. To study Drish function during embryogenesis, we generated drish genetic mutant using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. drish loss‐of‐function mutant larvae displayed defects in early retinal ganglion cell, optic nerve and the retinal inner nuclear layer formation, as well as ectopic motor axon branching. In addition, drish mutant adults exhibited deficient retinal outer nuclear layer and showed defective light response and locomotory behavior. However, vascular patterning and blood circulation were not significantly affected.ConclusionsTogether, these data demonstrate important roles of zebrafish drish in the retinal ganglion cell, optic nerve and interneuron development and in spinal motor axon branching.