bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A COMPARISON OF THE ABILITIES OF ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID, FLURBIPROFEN AND INDOMETHACIN TO INHIBIT THE RELEASE REACTION AND PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHESIS IN HUMAN BLOOD PLATELETS
Authors: COCKBILL S.R. , HEPTINSTALL S. , TAYLOR PATRICIA M. 
Published: October 2023

A quantitative comparison has been made of the abilities of acetylsalicylic acid, flurbiprofen and indomethacin to inhibit the adenosine diphosphate (ADP)‐induced platelet release reaction and to inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid.
Experiments were carried out on human platelets that had been incubated with the agents in vitro and on platelets obtained from volunteers who had ingested standard doses of the drugs.
The results obtained for acetylsalicylic acid show that there is a close relation between the release reaction and the synthesis of prostaglandins in platelets.
Flurbiprofen and indomethacin appear to inhibit the release reaction rather more effectively than they inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins. It is possible that these agents inhibit the release reaction by another mechanism.
Reproductive biology of the electric lanternfish Electrona risso (Myctophidae) and the bigscale fishes Melamphaes polylepis and Scopelogadus mizolepis (Melamphaidae)
Authors: Knorrn Alexander H. , Wieben Kim L. , Fock Heino O. , Andresen Henrike 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study was the first to investigate the key reproductive traits of the electric lantern fish Electrona risso (Myctophidae, n = 918) and the bigscale fishes (Melamphaidae) Melamphaes polylepis (n = 260) and Scopelogadus mizolepis (n = 649). Specimens of these mesopelagic species were collected in March and April 2015 in the eastern Central Atlantic (0–24° N, 20–26° W). Sex ratio was not significantly different from 1:1 in E. risso and M. polylepis but significantly skewed toward female dominance in S. mizolepis. Reproductive phases were determined macroscopically and by histological analyses on selected individuals. Female length at 50% maturity (L50) was 55.1 mm standard length (LS) in E. risso, with an observed female maximum length (Lmax) of 81.2 mm LS. M. polylepis females had an L50 of 40.2 mm LS and an Lmax of 86.7 mm LS. S. mizolepis had an L50 of 46 mm LS and an Lmax of 97.9 mm LS. The three species show histological features of iteroparity, but the E. risso population appears to occur in two year‐classes and experience only one spawning season per lifetime in the study region. All three species are batch‐spawners. A batch fecundity of 2668 eggs was estimated from one E. risso individual, with a relative batch fecundity of 369 eggs g−1 gonad‐free body mass. M. polylepis had a batch fecundity of 1027 eggs and a relative batch fecundity of 149 eggs g−1 (n = 3). S. polylepis had a batch fecundity of 1545 eggs and a relative batch fecundity of 215 eggs g−1 (n = 21). The median gonado‐somatic index during the actively spawning phase of E. risso was 4.5, significantly lower than that of M. polylepis (7.5) and S. mizolepis (7.1). No regressing or regenerating phases were observed in this study. Batch‐spawning in all three species is suggested to be advantageous to cope with intra‐annual variability in food supply and other risks for offspring survival. With what appears to be in effect a (facultative) semelparous strategy in combination with a short life span in E. risso, interannual differences would have a great effect on population dynamics of this species. Knowledge is still lacking on temporal aspects of reproduction such as the duration of the spawning season and the frequency of spawning, as well as age and growth.
The functional traits of host fish can act as good predictors for parasite composition in a neotropical floodplain
Authors: Lehun Atsler Luana , Muniz Carolina Mendes , Silva João Otávio Santos , Cavalcanti Lidiany Doreto , Takemoto Ricardo Massato 
Published: October 2023

AbstractParasite diversity can be influenced by the interaction of environmental factors and host traits, but understanding which traits can be decisive for the establishment of the parasite may provide subsidies for a better understanding of the host‐parasite relationship. In this study, we investigated whether functional traits, diet, and host phylogeny can predict the similarity of the endoparasite composition of a fish assemblage in a Brazilian floodplain. Of the three evaluated components, the host's diet was the factor that showed the greatest influence on the composition and similarity of endoparasites, demonstrating the highest value of the explanation. The functional traits and phylogeny, despite presenting significant values (unique effect and global effect), showed low explainability in the composition of the endoparasites. When analyzing the joint effects, all components showed significant influence. Hosts that live in the same environment that are phylogenetically related and have a similar ecology have a certain degree of homogeneity in their parasite assemblages and, because they are endoparasites (which are acquired trophically along the chain), diet is the main driver of parasite richness and similarity. Overall, host traits can be one of the main determinants of parasite composition, so studies that address the functional traits of the host provide a representation of local diversity and define the possible patterns of these parasite communities.
A digital technique of bone reduction for a maxillary full‐arch implant‐supported fixed dental prosthesis
Authors: Tang Weimao , Zhang Hai , Wang Haozhe , Li Lei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhen fabricating a maxillary full‐arch implant‐supported fixed dental prosthesis, it is often challenging to systematically reduce alveolar bone to create prosthetic space and hide the prosthesis‐tissue junction. This article presents a digital technique that allows for precise bone reduction while simultaneously placing implants and interim prostheses. By using this technique, clinicians can perform surgical procedures in a systematic manner without compromising the functional or esthetic outcomes.
Letters for Ukraine. Textual and institutional forms of global responsibility
Authors: Codina Solà Núria 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis essay analyses the epistolary correspondence between six Ukrainian and German‐speaking authors published by WeiterSchreiben, a literary platform that belongs to the non‐profit organisation WIR MACHEN DAS and which seeks to promote the work of exiled writers from regions affected by war and other humanitarian crises in the German cultural field. The essay argues that the collaborative, self‐reflexive, and short form of the letters is particularly suitable to promote global responsibility and to quickly adapt to situations of political immediacy, thus accelerating literature's reaction capacity to ongoing conflicts such as the Russia‐Ukraine war. While tracing the connections between the genre and the human rights discourse and looking at the politics of address that create a bond of communion between the correspondents and have the potential to foster various kinds of political identification among readers, the essay also explores this literary initiative from a sociological perspective, challenging strict distinctions between textual and contextual dynamics. By drawing attention to the literary and political dimension of non‐profit organisations such as WIR MACHEN DAS, the essay demonstrates that literature constitutes an important tool in civil society, which helps create forms of transnational solidarity and shape collective debates around migration and social injustice that transcend the borders of states.
The supply‐chain sublime: Spectacles of unagency in fictions of planetary economy
Authors: Robins Spencer 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper is about the literary representation of supply chains: the political‐material pathways by which goods are produced and delivered to consumers. It considers the ethical and aesthetic problems posed by the fact that the daily lives of people living in consumer societies in the Global North are deeply dependent on material networks that sustain violent relations between people and with earth’s ecologies. How can we be ethical global citizens when we are already material global subjects? The paper considers how literature confronts this ethical‐representational challenge, and asks whether literature might help us take responsibility over the material economic networks that structure our everyday lives. I examine two novels that make use of strikingly similar techniques for narrating their characters’ immersion in globalized economies: Ben Lerner’s 10:04 (2014) and Ling Ma’s Severance (2018). Both novels strive to represent the incomprehensible global economy by calling attention to their inability to represent it. I argue that this technique—which I call the “supply chain sublime”—ultimately reflects the incapacity of current forms of collective political agency to manage our material lives.
Viruses as archaeological tools for uncovering ancient molecular relationships
Authors: Ariza‐Mateos Ascensión , Briones Carlos , Perales Celia , Bayo‐Jiménez María Teresa , Domingo Esteban , Gómez Jordi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe entry of a virus into the host cell always implies the alteration of certain intracellular molecular relationships, some of which may involve the recovery of ancient cellular activities. In this sense, viruses are archaeological tools for identifying unexpressed activities in noninfected cells. Among these, activities that hinder virus propagation may represent cellular defense mechanisms, for example, activities that mutagenize the viral genome such as ADAR‐1 or APOBEC activities. Instead, those that facilitate virus propagation can be interpreted as the result of viral adaptation to—or mimicking—cellular structures, enabling the virus to perform anthropomorphic activities, including hijacking, manipulating, and reorganizing cellular factors for their own benefit. The alternative we consider here is that some of these second set of cellular activities were already in the uninfected cell but silenced, under the negative control of the cell or lineage, and that they represent a necessary precondition for viral infection. For example, specifically loading an amino acid at the 3'‐end of the mRNA of some plant viruses by aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetases has proved essential for virus infection despite this reaction not occurring with cellular mRNAs. Other activities of this type are discussed here, together with the biological context in which they acquire a coherent meaning, that is, genetic latency and molecular conflict.
Psychiatrist density and risk of suicide: a multilevel case‐control study based on a national sample in Taiwan
Authors: Huang Wei‐Chia , Hsu Chia‐Yueh , Chang Chia‐Ming , Yang Albert C. , Liao Shih‐Cheng , Chang Shu‐Sen , Wu Chi‐Shin 
Published: October 2023

AimNo previous studies, to our knowledge, have investigated the association between psychiatrist density and suicide, accounting for individual‐ and area‐level characteristics.MethodsWe investigated all suicide cases in 2007‐2017 identified from the national cause‐of‐death data files, with each suicide case matched to 10 controls by age and sex and each suicide case/control assigned to one of the 355 townships across Taiwan. Our primary outcome was the odds ratio (OR) of suicide and its 95% confidence interval (CI) estimated via multilevel models, which included both individual‐ and area‐level characteristics. Townships with no psychiatrists were compared with the quartiles of townships with psychiatrists (density per 100,000 population): quartile 1 (Q1) (0.01–3.02); quartile 2 (Q2) (3.02–7.20); quartile 3 (Q3) (7.20–13.82); and quartile 4 (Q4) (>13.82).ResultsA total of 40,930 suicide cases and 409,300 age‐ and sex‐matched controls were included. We found that increased psychiatrist density was associated with decreased suicide risk (Q1: adjusted OR [aOR], 0.95 [95% CI, 0.90–1.01]; Q2: aOR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.85–0.96]; Q3: aOR, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.83–0.94]; Q4: aOR, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.83–0.95]) after adjusting for individual‐level characteristics (employment state, monthly income, physical comorbidities, and the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders) and area socioeconomic characteristics.ConclusionsThe psychiatrist density–suicide association suggests an effect of increased availability of psychiatric services on preventing suicide. Suicide prevention strategies could usefully focus on enhancing local access to psychiatric services.
A case of mevalonate kinase deficiency, neonatal Sweet syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Esfandiari Negar , Vandyke Santana , Porter Hannah J. , Shea Katelyn , Morley Keith , Greene Laura 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMevalonate kinase deficiency is a group of rare metabolic autoinflammatory disorders that present with recurrent fevers, abdominal pain, arthralgias, adenopathy, and a variety of cutaneous manifestations. The skin findings may mimic cellulitis, erythema elevatum diutinum, IgA vasculitis, and Sweet syndrome, and there is often a morbilliform or urticarial rash and aphthous stomatitis. Mevalonate kinase deficiency is one of the identified monogenic variants that can cause very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We present a rare case of a patient with mevalonate kinase deficiency, neonatal Sweet syndrome, and infantile‐onset IBD, who has been successfully treated with canakinumab therapy.
The utility of the perfusion index as an indicator of anesthetic depth for repeated propofol sedation in children: An observational study
Authors: Kim Doyeon , Kim Jisu , Gil Nam‐Su , Yoo Seung Yeon , Kim Young Ri , Ko Justin Sangwook , Kang Ryung A , Lim Do Hoon , Shin Young Hee 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundChildren receiving proton therapy require repeated sedation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the utility of the perfusion index (PI) for evaluating consciousness level during repeated propofol sedation.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, children aged from birth to 19 years old scheduled for proton therapy under repeated propofol sedation were enrolled. The primary outcome was the equivalence of PI values 5 min after anesthesia induction on consecutive sedation. Total consumption of propofol during sedation, time to reach the University of Michigan sedation scale (UMSS) score 1 after end of proton therapy, and duration of post‐anesthesia care unit (PACU) stay were recorded.ResultsThe PI values measured 5 min after induction of anesthesia were not equivalent to each other in consecutive sedation except for the second versus third (1st vs. 2nd: 97.5% CI: −1.34, 0.91; p = 0.206, 0.034; 2nd vs. 3rd: 97.5% CI: −0.87, 0.94; p = 0.023, 0.036 3rd vs. 4th: 97.5% CI: −2.08, −0.26; p < 0.99, <0.001; 4th vs. 5th: 97.5% CI: 0.21, 2.28; p < 0.001, >0.99; respectively). In consecutive sedation, there was not a significantly different difference in the time to reach UMSS score 1 (p > 0.99, all) for total consumption of propofol, time to reach UMSS score 1 after the end of proton therapy, and duration of PACU stay.ConclusionsDuring repeated propofol sedation in children, PI was insufficient to be used as an indicator of consciousness level assessment. However, we suggest that the information related to repeated sedation provided by this study may be helpful in clinical practice.
Digital resilience in wartime: The case of Ukraine
Authors: Mamediieva Gulsanna , Moynihan Donald 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA key topic in digital government is how to improve public services. The global pandemic focused attention on the use of digital in the context of crisis. Here, we consider how a digital innovation in response to a different type of crisis, examining Ukraine's response to Russia's invasion of 2022. We describe how the government engaged in what we characterize as digital resilience, that is, the use of digital government capacities to maintain basic societal functions in crisis situations. Prior to the war, Ukraine upgraded its digital government capacities. The war provided the impetus to speed up the use of those capacities, which were used not just for defensive military purposes, but also to provide continuity to the civilian aspects of government, including the provision of digital documentation and aid to displaced people. In doing so, digital capacities provided a key basis for Ukraine's resistance.
Effectiveness of erector spinae plane block for rib fracture analgesia: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Harford Philip , Tran Liem , Pollock Danielle , Thiruvenkatarajan Venkatesan , Munn Zachary 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
This systematic review will investigate the effectiveness of the ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block as an analgesic technique for patients with rib fractures compared with all other standard management techniques. Comparisons will be made with both nerve blocks (neuraxial techniques and peripheral nerve blocks) and systemic treatment (with patient-controlled analgesia and/or per required need analgesia for breakthrough pain).

Introduction:
Erector spinae plane block is a well-established rescue analgesia option for patients with rib fractures. The use of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block in clinical practice has been largely based on observational data, with recent randomized controlled trials examining it against several other options for analgesic management. This review will compare the erector spinae against all other management techniques used in practice for rib fractures to determine whether this is the most effective analgesic technique.

Inclusion criteria:
The review will include all randomized controlled and pseudo-randomized controlled trials examining ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block for the analgesic management of traumatic rib fractures. All other study designs will be excluded.

Methods:
MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), ClinicalTrials.gov, and the ISRCTN registry will be searched to identify all relevant ongoing clinical trials. Study selection, critical appraisal, and data extraction will be performed by 2 independent reviewers. Data will be extracted into software for statistical analysis (including meta-analysis where possible).

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42023414849
Experimental Measurements of Flow-Averaged Toroidal Vortices in Buoyancy-Dominated Rotating Cavities
Authors: Fisher Emma , Puttock-Brown Mark R. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The flow structures and heat transfer within rotating cavities of aero-engine axial compressors influence the thermal expansion of the rotor disks, and consequently the blade-tip clearances. To investigate the flow field at the bore and lower cavity region, experimental measurements have been acquired in an engine-representative test facility. Axial, tangential, and radial velocities were measured using a miniature five-hole probe at a range of axial and radial positions. Time-averaged results from 28 tests carried out at nondimensional parameters comparable to engine conditions: 1.3 × 104 ≤ Rez ≤ 8.2 × 104, 3.0 × 105 ≤ Reθ ≤ 3.2 × 106, 0.11 ≤ Ro ≤ 3.24, 0.14 ≤ βΔT ≤ 0.36 are presented in this paper. The axial and tangential velocity measurements conform to previous work, while the radial velocity component provides quantitative evidence of an asymmetric toroidal vortex in the cavity gap, biased toward the downstream disk. The vortex is characterized by the local vorticity and grows in strength and size as Rossby number increases above Ro = 0.34 to 1.63. The effect of βΔT on the vortex formation is negligible compared to the influence of the tangential Reynolds number as the local circulation is suppressed by the Coriolis forces at high rotational speeds. Both the tangential and radial velocity results suggest that as Ro is increased, the proportion of air that is radially ingested and expelled from a cavity decreases.
Ground Effect Investigation on the Aerodynamic Airfoil Behavior Using Large Eddy Simulation
Authors: William Y. E. , Kanagalingam S. , Mohamed M. H. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The underlying physics ever behind the aerodynamics of an airfoil in ground effect (GE) are still not fully resolved. In this work, the aerodynamics for an airfoil in GE is investigated computationally for both transitional and turbulent flow regimes. Large eddy simulation (LES) is employed to explore the flow physics around a NACA0012 airfoil in ground vicinity, which is commonly used in wind energy applications. The angle of attack (AoA) is fixed at AoA = 10 deg, while the flight height to chord ratio (h/c) is variable. An analysis is conducted for the aerodynamic forces, i.e., the lift (CL), and the drag (CD). The behavior for the skin fiction drag (CDf) is explored in the light of the flow physics near the ground. In addition, the vortex shedding behavior is estimated at different height (h/c) for the transitional and turbulent flow regimes. At h/c = 0.2, the friction drag (CDf) is improved by 9.6% and 16.3% for the transitional and turbulent flow regimes, respectively. The results show that the frequencies for the vortex shedding decline significantly near the ground. This decline is correlated with the larger vortical structures and vortex developing mechanism.
Remote Determination of Critical Speed and Critical Power in Recreational Runners
Authors: Hunter Ben , Ledger Adam , Muniz-Pumares Daniel 
Published: October 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to compare estimations of critical speed (CS) and work completed above CS (D′), and their analogies for running power (critical power [CP] and W′), derived from raw data obtained from habitual training (HAB) and intentional maximal efforts in the form of time trials (TTs) and 3-minute all-out tests (3MTs) in recreational runners. The test–retest reliability of the 3MT was further analyzed. Methods: Twenty-three recreational runners (4 female) used a foot pod to record speed, altitude, and power output for 8 consecutive weeks. CS and D′, and CP and W′, were calculated from the best 3-, 7-, and 12-minute segments recorded in the first 6 weeks of their HAB and in random order in weeks 7 and 8 from 3 TTs (3, 7, and 12 min) and three 3MTs (to assess test–retest reliability). Results: There was no difference between estimations of CS or CP derived from HAB, TT, and 3MT (3.44 [0.63], 3.42 [0.53], and 3.76 [0.57] m · s−1 and 281 [41], 290 [45], and 305 [54] W, respectively), and strong agreement between HAB and TT for CS (r = .669) and CP (r = .916). Limited agreement existed between estimates of D′/W′. Moderate reliability of D′/W′ was demonstrated between the first and second 3MTs, whereas excellent reliability was demonstrated for CS/CP. Conclusion: These data suggest that estimations of CS/CP can be derived remotely, from either HAB, TT, or 3MT, although the lower agreement between D′/W′ warrants caution when using these measures interchangeably.