bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serotonin Effects on Human iPSC-Derived Neural Cell Functions: from Mitochondria to Depression
Authors: Wetzel Christian , Cardon Iseline , Grobecker Sonja , Jenne Frederike , Jahner Tatjana , Rupprecht Rainer , Milenkovic Vladimir 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Depression's link to serotonin dysregulation is well-known. The monoamine theory posits that depression results from impaired serotonin activity, leading to the development of antidepressants targeting serotonin levels. However, their limited efficacy suggests a more complex cause. Recent studies highlight mitochondria as key players in depression's pathophysiology. Mounting evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction significantly correlates with major depressive disorder (MDD), underscoring its pivotal role in depression. Exploring the serotonin-mitochondrial connection, our study investigated the effects of chronic serotonin treatment on induced-pluripotent stem cell-derived astrocytes and neurons from healthy controls and two case study patients. One was a patient with antidepressant non-responding MDD ("Non-R") and another had a non-genetic mitochondrial disorder ("Mito"). The results revealed that serotonin altered the expression of genes related to mitochondrial function and dynamics in neurons and had an equalizing effect on calcium homeostasis in astrocytes, while ATP levels seemed increased. Serotonin significantly decreased cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium in neurons. Electrophysiological measurements evidenced that serotonin depolarized the resting membrane potential, increased both sodium and potassium current density and ultimately improved the overall excitability of neurons. Specifically, neurons from the Non-R patient appeared responsive to serotonin in vitro, which seemed to improve neurotransmission. While it is unclear how this translates to the systemic level and AD resistance mechanisms are not fully elucidated, our observations show that despite his treatment resistance, this patient’s cortical neurons are responsive to serotonergic signals. In the Mito patient, evidence suggested that serotonin, by increasing excitability, exacerbated an existing hyperexcitability highlighting the importance of considering mitochondrial disorders in patients with MDD, and avoiding serotonin-increasing medication. Taken together, our findings suggested that serotonin positively affects calcium homeostasis in astrocytes and increases neuronal excitability. The latter effect must be considered carefully, as it could have beneficial or detrimental implications based on individual pathologies.
Perylene-Based Columnar Liquid Crystal: Reveling Unipolar Resistive Switching for Nonvolatile Memory Devices
Authors: Avila L.B. , Chulkin P. , Serrano P.A. , Dreyer J.P. , Berteau-Rainville M. , Orgiu E. , Zimmermann L.M. , Bock H. , Faria G.C. , Eccher J. , Bechtold I.H. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Perylene-based columnar liquid crystal (LC) devices exhibit unipolar resistive switching (RS), clearly identified on cyclic J-V curve hysteresis, stable for several cycles. Trap-controlled SCLC conduction is responsible for the charge transport in the active layer, where the “set” and “reset” processes occur. The incorporation of ZnO@SiO2 quantum dots significantly enhances the RS response. The distinguishing result presented here is the ability to write-read-erase-read, controlling the "on" and "off" states by applying an external electric field, allowing to store and read information multiple times. An endurance of nearly one order of magnitude between the low and high RS states was determined over 50 consecutive cycles. The device proved to be resilient, preserving the resistive switching effect and memory capacity even after one year maintained at room temperature in ambient atmosphere. DFT calculations indicate a conduction mechanism based on reversible reductions of the perylene LC molecules. This article highlights the ability of LCs to store and process information via their resistivity, with potential for the production of low-cost and large-area nonvolatile printed organic memories.
Les inégalités numériques en éducation : une revue narrative de littérature
Authors: Fenoglio Prisca 
Published: February 2024

Cette contribution est une revue narrative de littérature issue d’une synthèse de médiation scientifique sur les inégalités numériques en éducation, dont l’objectif est de (1) prolonger notre synthèse par les questions suivantes : quels chantiers pour la recherche ? Quels concepts heuristiques ? Quelles pistes pour la pratique ? (2) réfléchir aux liens entre la recherche et la médiation scientifiques. Notre ancrage théorique est à la croisée de l’approche sociocritique des usages numériques éducatifs, de la didactique et de la médiation scientifique. Notre corpus, dont les critères d’inclusion sont explicités, est constitué de 80 études issues de travaux européens et nord-américains publiés entre 2002 et 2022. Cette étude permet de mettre au jour, en réponse à nos questions : des problématiques en chantier – une cartographie des inégalités d’usage chez les personnes enseignantes à compléter, des liens avec les parcours scolaires à préciser, des biais de conception à examiner, des notions désignant la participation (ou l’exclusion) aux environnements numériques à creuser –, ainsi que des concepts féconds d’un point de vue heuristique et, possiblement, pour la pratique, tels que le capital numérique et la littéracie.
Enjeux éthiques et critiques de l’intelligence artificielle en éducation : une revue systématique de la littérature
Authors: Collin Simon , Lepage Alexandre , Nebel Léo 
Published: February 2024

Bien qu’ils aient été étudiés depuis les années 2000, les enjeux que suscitent les systèmes d’intelligence artificielle (IA) lorsqu’ils sont utilisés éducation (SIA-ED) font actuellement l’objet d’une attention croissante dans la littérature scientifique. Il est toutefois difficile d’en avoir une vue synthétique car ils sont abordés par les chercheurs et chercheuses au travers de terrains éducatifs, de techniques computationnelles et d’angles d’analyse hétérogènes. Aussi, l’objectif de cet article est de mener une revue systématique de la littérature sur les enjeux éthiques et critiques des SIA-ED afin d’en avoir un meilleur portrait. Une analyse de 58 documents scientifiques nous a amenés à identifier 70 enjeux éthiques et critiques des SIA-ED, que nous avons organisés sous 6 tensions : complexité des situations éducatives vs standardisation technique ; agentivité des acteurs et actrices scolaires vs automatisation technique ; justice scolaire vs rationalité technique ; gouvernance scolaire vs conception technique ; besoin d’intelligibilité des acteurs et actrices scolaires vs opacité technique ; dignité des acteurs et actrices scolaires vs exploitation des données.
Le numérique comme fait social total
Authors: Plantard Pascal , Serreau Matthieu 
Published: February 2024

Cet article questionne les dimensions personnelles et collectives des parcours d’appropriation des technologies numériques par les enseignants, les élèves et les familles en se focalisant sur l’évolution de leurs pratiques numériques durant les confinements de 2020 à 2022 en France. Une approche qualitative par entretiens ethnographiques et observations participantes vient compléter les données quantitatives recueillies à partir de cinq enquêtes. Les résultats présentent différentes dynamiques d’appropriation et questionnent les relations entre les différents acteurs. Nous constatons qu’en étudiant les usages des technologies numériques on peut saisir les trois dimensions essentielles du fait social total : sa profondeur historique notamment au niveau des techno-imaginaires ; les signaux faibles qui émergent des nombreuses études d’usages et enfin les transformations psychodynamiques à la fois individuelles et collectives dans la construction des normes sociales d’usages du numérique, particulièrement perceptibles en éducation depuis la pandémie. Ces travaux éclairent et interrogent les représentations, les usages et les imaginaires liés au numérique dans l’éducation et, en particulier, la notion contestable de « digital native ». L’analyse des signaux faibles et des transformations psychodynamiques à l’œuvre pendant les différents confinements atteste d’une contagion du dessaisissement parental vis-à-vis du numérique vers un dessaisissement éducatif et appelle à un ressaisissement collectif.
The Therapeutic Potential and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the
Neuroprotective Effects of Sativex® - A Cannabis-derived Spray
Authors: Motamedy Sina , Soltani Bahareh , Kameshki Halimeh , Alipour Kermani Asmae , Saboori Amleshi Reza , Nazeri Masoud , Shabani Mohammad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
Sativex is a cannabis-based medicine that comes in the form of an oromucosal spray. It
contains equal amounts of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol, two compounds derived from
cannabis plants. Sativex has been shown to have positive effects on symptoms of amyotrophic lateral
sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS), and sleep disorders. It also has analgesic, antiinflammatory,
antitumoral, and neuroprotective properties, which make it a potential treatment option
for other neurological disorders. The article reviews the results of recent preclinical and clinical
studies that support the therapeutic potential of Sativex and the molecular mechanisms behind its
neuroprotective benefits in various neurological disorders. The article also discusses the possible
advantages and disadvantages of using Sativex as a neurotherapeutic agent, such as its safety, efficacy,
availability, and legal status.
Computational Insights on Migraine and Anxiety in Association with BDNF
Authors: Sundaravel Sakthi Sasikala , Kuriakose Beena Briget , Mushfiq Sakeena , Muthusamy Karthikeyan 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Migraine is an unusual piercing headache on one side of the head. It is due
to the dysregulation of epigenetic factors associated with the brain. Migraine affects about one percent
of the general population. Despite the recent implementation of worldwide diagnostic criteria
for migraine, this disorder remains relatively unknown and is frequently underdiagnosed. Migrainous
conditions are also associated with anxiety and stress. This pathologic condition affects the daily life
and productivity of the patients.

Objective:
Hence, there is a need to develop proper treatment and management strategies to cope
with migraine and associated anxiety. Through in silico approaches, this work elucidates to identify
the effective lead compounds for migraine and anxiety.

Methods:
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was identified as a possible target for treating
migraine and anxiety using computational analysis. Virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation
were used to find potential agonists with high affinities for BDNF.

Results:
Based on the results of computational analysis (glide XP score, number of interactions,
glide energy, and pharmacokinetic factors), four top hit molecules (Asinex_35922, Enamine_44630,
Maybridge_1999, and SMMDB_17457) were identified and taken for further analysis. The hydrogen
bond interactions between the agonists and the BDNF protein were verified by dynamics analysis

Conclusion:
Computational studies support that BDNF agonist molecules could be effective regulating
molecules for migraine and anxiety. For further evidence of the effectiveness of lead compounds
in treating migraine and related anxiety, more experimental studies are necessary.
The New Media Landscape and Its Effects on Skin Cancer Diagnostics, Prognostics, and Prevention: Scoping Review
Authors: Haff Priscilla L , Jacobson Alli , Taylor Madison M , Schandua Hayden P , Farris David P , Doan Hung Q , Nelson Kelly C 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundThe wide availability of web-based sources, including social media (SM), has supported rapid, widespread dissemination of health information. This dissemination can be an asset during public health emergencies; however, it can also present challenges when the information is inaccurate or ill-informed. Of interest, many SM sources discuss cancer, specifically cutaneous melanoma and keratinocyte cancers (basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma).ObjectiveThrough a comprehensive and scoping review of the literature, this study aims to gain an actionable perspective of the state of SM information regarding skin cancer diagnostics, prognostics, and prevention.MethodsWe performed a scoping literature review to establish the relationship between SM and skin cancer. A literature search was conducted across MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus from January 2000 to June 2023. The included studies discussed SM and its relationship to and effect on skin cancer.ResultsThrough the search, 1009 abstracts were initially identified, 188 received full-text review, and 112 met inclusion criteria. The included studies were divided into 7 groupings based on a publication’s primary objective: misinformation (n=40, 36%), prevention campaign (n=19, 17%), engagement (n=16, 14%), research (n=12, 11%), education (n=11, 10%), demographics (n=10, 9%), and patient support (n=4, 3%), which were the most common identified themes.ConclusionsThrough this review, we gained a better understanding of the SM environment addressing skin cancer information, and we gained insight into the best practices by which SM could be used to positively influence the health care information ecosystem.
Pengaruh Perubahan Durasi Injeksi terhadap Kinerja Mesin Sepeda Motor Beat FI 110 cc
Authors: Debry Debry , Winardi Yoyok , Munaji Munaji , Winangun Kuntang 
Published: February 2024

Kemajuan pesat sedang dibuat di bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, dengan industri otomotif, khususnya sepeda motor electric fuel injection (EFI). Untuk memaksimalkan performa mesin pada sepeda motor injeksi maka perlu pengoptimalan injeksi bahan bakar ke ruang bakar. Cara yang dapat dilakukan adalah merubah durasi injeksi bahan bakar menggunakan ECU programmable aftermarket. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut. Jenis penelitian berupa pengaruh perubahan durasi injeksi terhadap kinerja mesin sepeda motor beat FI 110cc dengan variasi pengubahan durasi injeksi +5%, +10%, +15%, -5%, -10%, -15% dengan parameter yang dicari adalah torsi, daya dan konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik. Daya, torsi dan konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik berbahan bakar pertamax. Hasil pengujian variasi durasi injeksi -5% menghasilkan nilai daya terbesar 7,5 HP diputaran 4122 rpm. Hasil pengujian variasi durasi injeksi +5% menghasilkan nilai torsi sebesar 18,94 Nm diputaran 2468 rpm. Hasil pengujian variasi durasi injeksi menghasilkan nilai konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik terendah dengan nilai 0,018 kg/kWh diputaran 4000 rpm pada durasi injeksi -15% dan nilai tertinggi konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik 0,119 kg/kWh diputaran 8000 rpm pada durasi injeksi +15%.Kata Kunci: durasi injeksi, daya, torsi, konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik
Analisis Butir Soal Penilaian Akhir Tahun Pelajaran Bahasa Arab Kelas VII MTs Al-Ma’arif Rakit Banjarnegara Jawa Tengah
Authors: Tanjung Muhammad Ali Hasymi Rafsanjani , Fahmi Alif Anharul , Rahmanita Fatia , Habibah Ihda Filzafatin , Qomari Nur 
Published: February 2024

Analysis of question items is very important in learning evaluation because it determines the quality of the evaluation tool used. The aim of this research is to analyze the results of the final semester Arabic evaluation at the Al-Ma’arif Junior High School. The researchers conducted a series of tests consisting of measurements of validity, reliability, differential strength, difficulty level, and debilitating power. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive method. The population of the study was 25 students of the 7th grade in the IT High School Building Amal School Year 2022/2023. As for the sample used, the final evaluation of the Arabic semester of the teaching year 2022/2023 was documentation and observation. The result of this study is; in the validity test found 30% of questions can be said to be valid. Then the remaining 70% is declared invalid because it has a significance value <0,05 and the value of R count is smaller than R Table. Then in the reliability test found using Cronbach's Alpha method, and the element of this question is worth 0.625 with the number of questions (N of items) amounting to 40. Difference shows 6 questions in the category "Bad once in distinction, 25 questions in category "badly once in differentiation", 6 issues in the categories "Sufficient enough in distinguishment", 3 questions with category "Good once in distinctness" whereas with the question of category "good once in discrimination" was not found. Difficulty level there are 25 questions with very easy questions category, 14 questions with easy categories, 1 questions with difficult categories. The fractional strength of the answer option A indicates that the question is not working well with the student as the data indicates more fractionals of the question are rejected than accepted. The same applies to options B, C, and D. Thus, a question that does not meet the revised criteria can be concluded or a new question created and tested again. This research can be used as evaluation material for teachers to create quality evaluation tools. Further research can focus on discussing the development of superior evaluation instruments.
Analisis Gaya Bahasa Pembelajar Bahasa Arab sebagai Bahasa Asing: Studi Kasus pada Alumni Pesantren dan Non Pesantren
Authors: Fitria Fitria , Rahmayanti Indah , Firmaningrum Farroha , Mustofa Syaiful 
Published: February 2024

Language plays an essential role for human interactions and communication and it can also show cultural, social and individual identity. Ones’ background may generate different language use in either written or spoken contexts. Against this backdrop, this research aims to explore the written language styles of Islamic boarding school and non-Islamic boarding school alumni who learn Arabic as a foreign language. This research is designed under qualitative perspective and employs a case study approach. Data was in the form of documents, obtained through informant essays about the experience of learning Arabic. Besides, the data was also collected through semi-structured interviews with two informants to further understand differences in educational background, differences in first language, family background, foreign language mastered, and exposure to Arabic. Data was analysed by reading essays then providing coding and categorization, which was carried out separately by each researchers, conducting discussions on written language styles focusing on the choice of language used from a sociolinguistic aspect. The results of this research demonstrate that the written language styles of students of Arabic as a foreign language between Islamic boarding school and non-Islamic boarding school alumni have differences in terms of lexical choice, phrases and sentence structure. Such differences happen because of the way a learner's family background, foreign language mastery, and exposure to Arabic influence the written language style. Moreover, the findings have demonstrated how different academic background, language exposure, and learning impact to one’s language style. Given the limited number of the informant, future research may consider recruiting more diverse and more participants.
An International System for Human Cytogenomic Nomenclature (ISCN 2020): Additions and modifications in recording the results of fluorescenсе in situ hybridization and chromosomal microarray analysis in constitutional cytogenetics
Authors: Миньженкова М.Е. , Антоненко В.Г. , Шилова Н.В. 
Published: February 2024

Международная цитогенетическая номенклатура была и остается единым универсальным языком для цитогенетиков любой части мира. Унификация терминов, аббревиатур и формул для описания хромосомных аномалий, наряду с пониманием механизмов, которые приводят к формированию этих перестроек, является основой действующей Международной системы цитогеномной номенклатуры (An International System for Human Cytogenomic Nomenclature – ISCN). Стремительное развитие молекулярных генетических технологий за последние десятилетия заставляет авторов периодически обновлять и дополнять ее новыми данными. Сравнительный анализ версии ISCN 2020 и предыдущей версии цитогеномной номенклатуры ISCN (2016) позволил нам продемонстрировать основные изменения в записи результатов цитогеномных исследований и сделать вывод, что дополнения в номенклатуре отражают современный подход к диагностике хромосомных аномалий.
An International System for Human Cytogenomic Nomenclature has been and remains a single universal language of cytogenetics all over the world. The unification of terms, abbreviations and formulas for describing chromosomal abnormalities, along with an understanding of the mechanisms that lead to the formation of these rearrangements, is the basis of the current International Cytogenomic Nomenclature System (ISCN). The rapid development in the field of molecular genetic technologies in recent decades forces authors to periodically update the nomenclature and supplement it with new data. A comparative analysis of ISCN 2020 and the previous version of the ISCN 2016 allowed us to demonstrate the main changes in the record of cytogenomic study results and conclude that the additions in the nomenclature reflect the current approach to the diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities.
Decisions in projects using machine translation and post-editing
Authors: Nitzke Jean , Canfora Carmen , Hansen-Schirra Silvia , Kapnas Dimitrios 
Published: February 2024

Machine translation (MT) and post-editing (PE) have become increasingly important in the professional language industry in recent years. However, not every translation job is suitable for MT and there are many options for carrying out translation/post-editing projects, e.g. no PE, light PE, full PE, full PE plus revision or translation without MT assistance. In 2019, we published a decision tree for post-editing projects (Nitzke et al. 2019) that aimed to take all considerations into account and guide the stakeholders in charge of deciding whether a job is suitable for MT and PE and, if so, what kind of quality assurance might lead to fit-for-purpose translations.
To empirically test our decision tree model now, we developed a semi-structured interview with 21 questions and a scoring task addressing stakeholders who work with MT projects and have to make the decisions which are essential to our model. The interview was carried out with 19 interview partners. In the article, we discuss the interviews’ findings against the background of our model. Further, we present qualitative findings on strategic decisions, risk considerations, as well as the value of translation, working conditions and job profiles. Finally, we present our revised model motivated by the empirical findings.
When minoritized languages encounter MT
Authors: Aranberri Nora , Iñurrieta Uxoa 
Published: February 2024

Machine translation (MT) is improving even for low-resource minoritized languages such as Basque, for which free online engines are available. However, the level of adoption and common practices involving the technology are unknown, even though it has the potential to disrupt a carefully planned Basque language revitalization and sustainability process. To shed light on MT usage habits and perceptions among the Basque community, we report on the results of a survey of language specialists and general users, and a focus group with professional translators and interpreters. The data shows that MT is already becoming more popular among users of all backgrounds and that, overall, the attitude towards the technology is positive, which might result in increased use in the future. However, participants express concern about the impact MT will have on the development of Basque. The results call for further research on the language impact of MT and MT literacy initiatives.