bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fundal height in normal pregnant Nigerian women: Anthropometric gravidogram
Authors: Ogunranti J.O. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFundal height measurements in centimeters (FH) have always been an objective method of evaluating fetal growth in pregnancy. The popular Mcdonald's rule refers mainly to caucasians unfortunately. Since FH may actually vary in an anthropological sense it was considered necessary to apply Mcdonald's rule to African subjects. Pregnant Nigerian women were studied to observe how their fundal height values compared with those obtained for caucasian women in western communities. A gravidogram was derived for the 10th, 50th and 90th centiles. Values outside the range of 10–90th centiles are to be used for the prediction of small‐for‐dates and large‐for‐dates babies accordingly. Prediction formulae for the various centiles derived from regression analysis were obtained and their usefulness in clinical anthropological practice using fundal height measurement highlighted. A simple universal formula for African subjects is presented. Normal values of pregnant women for somatotype, height, and abdominal girth are also presented. The result of this survey demonstrates a significant difference in fundal height values of African women from those of the hitherto utilized standards derived from the study of caucasian women, especially in early pregnancy. This report suggests an early intra‐uterine growth retardation in the African pregnancies which is corrected in the third trimester.
Multiple diagnoses and procedures during hysterectomy
Authors: Ranney B. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractSeldom does a gynecologic patient, who needs a hysterectomy, have a single diagnosis. Among 2892 gynecologic patients who needed a hysterectomy, only 127 had a single diagnosis. The rest had two to ten separate diagnoses. Therefore, 96.4% also needed other gynecologic procedures at the time of hysterectomy — 4842 other operative procedures during 1925 abdominal hysterectomies, and 2356 associated operative procedures during 864 vaginal hysterectomies. Prior to the time of hysterectomy, 15.07% of these patients had had major gynecologic operations, but after hysterectomy (+ +) only 2.9% needed any subsequent gynecologic operations. We conclude that among gynecologic patients, chart reviews or coding systems which are based only on a single diagnosis, or computer systems which are limited to 2, 3, or 4 diagnoses, will usually be incomplete, inaccurate, and misleading.
Combined intrauterine and tubal pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer
Authors: Tani H. , Oda K. , Schichiri K. , Arakawa O. , Sato Y. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA case of combined intrauterine and tubal pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer is reported. As soon as the diagnosis was made at 9 weeks gestation, the fetal heart movement of the tubal pregnancy disappeared, and the patient was managed without surgery throughout the pregnancy course. After an infant was delivered, a right salpingectomy was performed and the diagnosis was histologically confirmed. Risk factors and treatments of combined pregnancy are discussed.
Bilateral tubal and twin pregnancies in Ile‐Ife, Nigeria
Authors: Makinde O.O. , Ogunniyi S.O. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThree cases of unilateral tubal twin pregnancies and four cases of simultaneous bilateral tubal pregnancy recorded in a Nigerian University Teaching Hospital were reviewed. The incidences were 1 in 68 and 1 in 51 ectopic pregnancies respectively. High twinning rates within the environment and tubal damage from pelvic infections were considered as possible etiologic factors.
Immunological studies on pre‐eclampsia in Nigerian women
Authors: Okerengwo A.A. , Williams A.I.O. , Ibeziako P.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractCirculating immune complexes, C3b inactivator, C3 activator, C3c, C4 and C‐reactive protein were assayed in 49 patients with pre‐eclampsia and 35 apparently healthy pregnant Nigerian women. Pre‐eclamptic women had significantly higher mean levels of circulating immune complexes, C3c and C‐reactive protein. C3 activator mean level was also higher in pre‐eclampsia than in normal pregnancy. C3b inactivator concentrations were greatly depressed and the mean level was also significantly lower in the pre‐eclamptic group (P < 0.001). However, C4 mean levels were the same in both groups. From the results, it is postulated that in pre‐eclamptic conditions the significantly depressed levels of C3b inactivator could predispose to the persistence of deposited immune complexes in the kidneys, resulting in tissue damage. The findings also generally indicate an immunologic pathogenesis for the renal lesions in pre‐eclampsia in Nigerian women.
A centile chart for weight gain in pregnancy for the urban population of the Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Theron G.B. , Thompson M.L. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWeight gain during pregnancy was studied. Women with low body mass index (BMI) gained significantly more weight than women with high BMI. Older women gained significantly less weight than younger women. Centile charts were constructed using a maximum likelihood procedure. The centile charts for patients who are ⩽25 years or with a BMI = ⩽ 24 kg/m2 cannot be regarded as differing significantly, however the chart for patients > 25 years with a BMI > 24 kg/m2 does lie significantly below the others. For practical purposes the process of weight gain can be regarded as independent of gestational age These charts can thus be used without knowledge of gestational age.
Trends in selected obstetric complications from University Hospital, Kuala Lumper, Malaysia
Authors: Zulkifli S.N. , Paine L.L. , Greener D.L. , Subramaniam R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTrends in selected pregnancy complications from 1969 to 1987 in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia are presented. Complications reviewed were abortion, ectopic pregnancy, anemia, hypertension, hyperemesis, antepartum and postpartum hemorrhage. Possible explanations for the observed trends were discussed, including the role of improved obstetric care and changes in the characteristics of the childbearing population. The data presented give some indication of maternal morbidity in the childbearing population served by this tertiary center and should lead to improvements in provision of services as well as in health data collection in the future.
Extrauterine pregnancy in Mozambique
Authors: Bugalho A. , Strolego F. , Pregazzi R. , Osman N. , Ching C. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractEpidemiologic, clinical and management information was collected from the case histories of 103 women operated on for an extrauterine pregnancy at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Central Hospital in Maputo (Mozambique) from April 1st, 1987 to March 31st, 1988. We observed a decline in extrauterine pregnancies (9.76%), an association of pelvic schistosomiasis (3.9%), and a high percentage of women with ruptured tubes and subsequent hemoperitoneum (75.7%).
Percutaneous ultrasound‐guided fetal skin biopsy: A new approach
Authors: Buckshee K. , Parveen S. , Mittal S. , Verma K. , Singh M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOur preliminary experience with this unreported percutaneous ultrasound guided method using a fine needle system showed 100% success (seven cases) in obtaining fetal skin biopsies. The fetal scalp was chosen for biopsy. This technique is easy, less invasive, simple, has minimum procedural difficulties and complications and thus it may replace fetoscopy for obtaining fetal skin biopsy.
Perinatal mortality and cesarean section in Jos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Authors: Wright E.A. , Kapu M.M. , Onwuhafua H.I. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe experience on perinatal mortality among 757 patients who underwent cesarean section in Jos University Teaching Hospital serving a high risk urban and rural population in Jos, Plateau State of Nigeria is presented. During the 2 years of study the cesarean section rate was found to be 4.4%. There were 69 stillbirths, 107 deaths during the first week of life giving a perinatal mortality rate of 235 per 1000. The possible factors responsible for this high rate are discussed and suggestions made to improve on this figure. These results were also compared with figures from studies carried out in other parts of Nigeria, and in other countries.
Relation between the birthweight and cord, maternal serum and amniotic fluid growth hormone levels
Authors: Ayhan A. , Yüce K. , Bilgin T. , Yüce A. , Koray Z. , Duyar O. , Erdem G. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractMaternal and cord serum and amniotic fluid growth hormone (GH) levels were measured in 55 term pregnancies in order to evaluate the role of GH in prenatal fetal somatic growth. The study group consisted of patients who had small, large, and average for gestational age infants. The difference in mean maternal and cord serum and amniotic fluid GH levels between the three weight groups were found to be insignificant. It is concluded that GH does not influence fetal somatic growth.
Cytohistology, colposcopy and in situ hybridization in cervical preneoplastic lesions: A correlative study
Authors: Pasetto N. , Piccione E. , Mantenuto L. , Sesti F. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFormalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded cervical tissues from 106 patients which exhibited a colposcopically atypical transformation zone, were examined for the presence of HPV DNA by in situ hybridization using biotin‐labeled HPV 6/11 and 16/18 DNA probes. From the comparative study between histologic, cytologic, colposcopic findings and virologic results it is confirmed that HPV 6/11 DNA is detected more frequently in the less severe lesions, whereas HPV 16/18 DNA is predominantly found in the most severe dysplastic lesions.
An elevated maternal serum α‐fetoprotein leading to the diagnosis of an immature teratoma
Authors: Frederiksen M.C. , Casanova L. , Schink J.C. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA case report is presented of a woman with a maternal serum α‐fetoprotein 17.46 multiples of the median (MOM), who was found to have an ovarian immature teratoma. It is suggested that patients who present with a maternal serum α‐fetoprotein value greater than 9 multiples of the median receive a more comprehensive evaluation remembering that the α‐fetoprotein in the adult can be a tumor marker.
Recommendations for the management of low risk obstetric patients
Authors: Davis L. , Riedmann G. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractSpecific interventional procedures have enjoyed widespread popularity in the United States in the routine management of low risk obstetric patients without the benefit of clinical studies attesting to their utility. A review of the literature was conducted to survey obstetric practice with regard to amniotomy, intravenous fluids, third stage administration of oxytocics, episiotomy and continuous fetal monitoring.
McRoberts maneuver for shoulder dystocia: a survey
Authors: O'Leary J.A. , Pollack N.B. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA survey of 108 major teaching institutions in the United States regarding the utilization of the McRoberts maneuver for shoulder dystocia was conducted. Only 40% taught the procedure but 64% reported being familiar with its use. Among users, only 32% used it as the initial step. Surprisingly, only 40% thought it reduced fetal trauma.
Fetal intracranial arterial hemodynamics assessed by color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound
Authors: Hata K. , Hata T. , Makihara K. , Aoki S. , Takamiya O. , Kitao M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFetal intracranial arterial velocimetries were serially performed on 31 pregnant women with regular menstrual cycle, at 28–40 weeks of gestation, using color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound. The change in fetal intracranial arterial hemodynamics was based on the calculation of resistance index (RI). There was no significant difference between the RI values in the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) from 28 weeks to term. The RI in the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) was significantly lower than that in the ACA and MCA, respectively, from 28 weeks to term (P < 0.001). The PI values in both the ACA and MCA remained unchanged from 28 to 33 weeks, became significantly lower from 34 to 35 weeks (P < 0.05), and the values were fairly constant thereafter. The RI seen in the PCA showed no significant change from 28 weeks to term. This color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound assessment of fetal intracranial arterial blood flow provides a useful foundation for elucidating normal intracranial hemodynamics and will aid in avoiding misinterpretations of the different intracranial arteries.
Intrauterine insemination as a treatment of infertility in women with antisperm antibodies
Authors: Gregoriou O. , Vitoratos N. , Papadias C. , Konidaris S. , Maragudakis A. , Zourlas P.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTwenty‐four women with infertility caused by antisperm antibodies were treated by homologous intrauterine insemination. Initially, all the women had timed intrauterine insemination by washed spermatozoa for three cycles. The pregnancy rate per couple was 4.20%. The remaining 23 patients received a combined treatment of chlomiphene citrate and intrauterine insemination for three cycles, which did not increase the pregnancy rate per couple and per cycle (4.3% and 1.4% respectively). Thereafter, the remaining 22 patients received a combined treatment of hMG and intrauterine insemination for another three cycles which resulted in a pregnancy rate per cycle (6.1%) and per couple (18.20%) that was significantly greater (P < 0.01). We conclude that infertile women with antisperm antibodies can benefit after a trial of induction of multiple follicular development with hMG in combination with intrauterine insemination.
General principles in delegation of maternity functions to community‐based health workers
Authors: Nasah B.T. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFollowing a review of the general principles in delegation of responsibility, the functions to be delegated are presented together with minimal criteria for training to acquire required skills. Problems arising from delegation are reviewed as well as possible solutions which include modification of some standard procedures. It is concluded, drawing from case summaries, that effective delegation needs strong leadership of maternal health teams buttressed with national political, professional, and community support.
Delegation of responsibility in maternity care in Karawa rural Health Zone, Zaire
Authors: Duale S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractKarawa Health Zone (KHZ) located in northwestern Zaire, comprises 19 000 km2 with about 340 000 inhabitants. As part of an expanding primary health care program, KHZ officials instituted an extensive outreach program to increase access of women to maternity care. General practitioner (GP) doctors, nurses, midwives, auxiliaries, and traditional birth attendants share responsibilities in delivering maternity care services. Nurses and midwives perform most of the obstetric functions at the Karawa Hospital Maternity Center. Data from 1988 to 1990 show that nurses and midwives attended 98% of normal deliveries and 81% of the complicated ones. Selected nurses performed cesarean section routinely. There was no significant difference in maternal and neonatal outcomes for cesarean section performed by nurses and GPs. Physicians on staff provided support through monitoring, supervision, training, and care for the most complicated cases.
Pregnancy in hemoglobin sickle cell patients at the University College Hospital, Ibadan
Authors: Idrisa A. , Omigbodun A.O. , Adeleye J.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA retrospective review of pregnancy outcome in hemoglobin (Hbsc) patients managed at the University College Hospital, Ibadan over a 5‐year period (1984–1988) was carried out. The main antenatal complications included anemia (51.2%), bacterial infection (22.0%), bone pain crisis (7.3%) and preeclampsia (2.4%). Intrapartum complications included anemia (29.2%), bone pain crisis (12.2%) and pseudotoxemia (4.9%). The maternal and perinatal mortality rate were 48 and 195 per 1000, respectively. The duration of labor and operative delivery rate were not different from the general population.
A randomized controlled trial of valethamate bromide in acceleration of labor
Authors: Kuruvila S. , Jasper P. , Peedicayil A. , Mathai M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA randomized controlled study of valethamate bromide administered by intramuscular injection in acceleration of labor was done in 60 consecutive primigravidae and 60 consecutive multigravidae admitted in labor at 2–4 cm cervical dilatation. There was no difference observed in the rate of cervical dilatation between those who received valethamate bromide and those who received normal saline. However, maternal tachycardia was observed in significantly more women primigravida RR 1.97, 95% CI 1.3–3.0; multigravida RR 2.16, 95% CI 1.3–3.6) who had received valethamate bromide.
Ovarian function after conservational ovarian surgery: A long‐term follow‐up study
Authors: Sayegh R. , Garcia C.R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVE: To determine the long‐term effects of conservational ovarian surgery on subsequent ovarian function. METHOD: Medical, surgical and menstrual records of 87 reproductive age women who have undergone pelvic surgery for indications including endometriosis, infertility, and pelvic pain between June 1982 and June 1989 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Sixty‐seven patients had ovarian surgery during their procedure; 26 ovarian cystectomies (OC), 19 partial ovarian resections (OR) and 22 ovariolyses (OL). Twenty patients had no ovarian surgery (NOS). The mean follow‐up period was comparable in all groups (OL 32 ± 15 months, OR 34 ± 26 months, OC 41 ± 30 months and NOS 37 ± 21 months). The mean time to onset of the first postoperative menses was not significantly different among the four groups (OL 24 ± 7 days, OR 24 ± 13 days, OC 29 ± 26 days and NOS 22 ± 6 days). The cumulative conception rates were not significantly different (OL 23%, OR 37%, OC 19% and NOS 25%). Menstrual disturbances, defined as perceived deviations from preoperative patterns, did not appear to be related to the type or extent of ovarian surgery and occurred in comparable frequencies among patients with or without ovarian surgery (OL 23%, OR 37%, OC 23% and NOS 20%). In the majority of cases, menstrual disturbances occurred either in the early postoperative months and were self‐limited, or much later in which case they were related to recurrent endometriosis. Premature ovarian failure has so far occurred in one patient suggesting an incidence comparable to that in the general population. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that in this group of patients, conservational ovarian surgery had no significant effects on ovulatory and menstrual function over a prolonged follow‐up period.
Usefulness of the urinary microalbumin/creatinine ratio in predicting pregnancy‐induced hypertension
Authors: Nakamura T. , Ito M. , Yoshimura T. , Mabe K. , Okamura H. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn 199 normotensive pregnant women at 20 and 30 weeks of gestation, a fasting urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (FU Alb/Cr) was evaluated to predict pregnancy‐induced hypertension (PIH). FU Alb/Cr in patients destined to develop PIH was significantly high compared to that in normotensive women. When FU Alb/Cr of more than 16 was considered to represent a positive test result, the negative predictive value was 94% and 96%, respectively. FU Alb/Cr is a useful screening tool for PIH.
CA‐125 in menstrual discharge in patients with chronic pelvic pain
Authors: Abu‐Musa A. , Takahashi K. , Nagata H. , Yamasaki H. , Mizoguchi S. , Kitao M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractCA‐125 levels in menstrual discharge were determined in 55 patients with chronic pelvic pain to evaluate whether this test would be useful in differentiating between pelvic pain due to endometriosis and other causes. Of the 28 women with endometriosis, 25 (89%) had CA‐125 concentration ≥ 72 000 units/ml. The frequencies of elevated levels in Stage I, Stage II and Stages III/IV were 85.7, 85.7 and 92.8%, respectively. When used for the detection of endometriosis, the test had a sensitivity of 89.3% and a specificity of 96.3%. These results suggest that CA‐125 in menstrual discharge may be helpful in the evaluation of women with chronic pelvic pain.
Insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐1 in female reproductive functions
Authors: Rutanen E‐M. , Seppälä M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractMultiple lines of evidence suggest that growth factors and related proteins are involved in the regulation of reproductive functions. It appears that hormones and local regulators control each other's production and action. Thus, the same regulatory factor may have different effects depending on the context in which it acts. Insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein‐1 (IGEBP‐1) is a member of the family of soluble proteins that bind insulin‐like growth factors (IGF‐I and IGF‐II) and modulate their biological actions at the cellular level. In the reproductive tract, endometrium and ovarian granulosa‐luteal cells express IGFBP‐1 mRNA and secrete the protein at a certain stage of differentiation. During pregnancy, IGFBP‐1 is a major secretory product of decidualized endometrium. This report summarizes the current views on IGFBP‐1 with special regard to its synthesis, regulation and potential role in female reproductive tissues.
Obstructed labor in Ibadan
Authors: Konje J.C. , Obisesan K.A. , Ladipo O.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOver a period of 13 years, 380 cases of obstructed labor were managed amongst 39 456 deliveries. Absent prenatal care and poor intrapartum care at peripheral hospitals were major contributing factors. The average duration of labor in those with obstruction was three times that in the normal obstetric population. About 82% of patients with obstruction had an emergency cesarean section while 10% had destructive operations. The main etiological factor was unrecognised positional disproportion. Common associated complications were ruptured uterus, genital and wound sepsis. Maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality were high. Adequate health education, incorporation of traditional birth attendants into health care programs and the provision of more health care centers will reduce the occurrence of this complication.
Assessment of fetal well‐being: Fetal movement count versus non stress test
Authors: Wilailak S. , Suthutvoravut S. , Cherng‐sa‐ad P. , Herabutya Y. , Chaturachinda K. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn this prospective study, comparisons were made between the results of fetal movement count as performed by either the attending staff or by the patients using the non stress test (NST). A total of 283 NSTs were performed in 200 patients who had singleton pregnancy of at least 32 weeks gestation with indications for assessment of fetal well‐being. Fetal movement counts performed by the attending staff and by the patients were recorded on 241 and 170 occasions, respectively. The results showed that the best correlation between fetal movement count by the attending staff with NST was when the criteria of three or more fetal movements within 10 min was used. Likewise, the best correlation between fetal movement count by patients with NST was found when ten fetal movements within 2 h was used as a cut off point. The result of this study suggests the usefulness of fetal movement count performed either by attending staff or patients as a cheap and effective method of screening for good fetal well‐being in places where NST is not readily available and may also be used as a screening for patients prior to further evaluation.