bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil microbial community and chemical properties response to blueberry–soybean intercropping system
Authors: Ma Linna , Li Xiang , Zhang Zhiping , Zhang Ting , Duan Haibin , Huang Huichuan , Liu Yixiang , Zhu Shusheng , Zhu Youyong , Li Yingbin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Current global population growth and agricultural land resource limitations have led to intensifying conflicts between grain and fruit production.
Methods
we designed a potted blueberry–soybean intercropping system to evaluate its impacts on crop yield, disease occurrence, and soil microbial community composition using survey statistics, high-throughput sequencing, and correlation analysis.
Results
The results demonstrate that the system is a feasible solution for obtaining additional soybean yield. Blueberry pot soil (BPS) sampled and rhizosphere soil sampled from intercropped Huayan 1 soybean plants (HYS) showed significantly higher fungal and bacterial diversity than control bulk soil (CK) with no cultivation history. Microbial communities and unique OTUs were differentially enriched in BPS and HYS, respectively, and the latter effect was more pronounced. pH, organic matter, and total N were the main factors driving soil chemistry-mediated microbial differences in the community between CK and both HYS and BPS. The significantly lower microbial abundance in BPS was likely related to N fixation, whereas significantly enriched bacteria in HYS were related to the N regulatory protein C protein family, N regulatory IIA and P-II2 proteins, N fixation regulation proteins, and other N-related functions (p< 0.05), indicating that blueberry–soybean intercropping significantly improves microbial function in the soil.
Conclusion
These findings demonstrate that intercropping system could improve the acidification of soil and reduce the depletion of soil functional microorganisms caused by continuous monoculture of blueberries. Intercropping could help coordinated development of grain and fruit production, particularly in regions facing both food shortages and limited arable land in the world.
Various aspects of approximative $\tau$-compactness in Banach spaces
Authors: Das Syamantak , Paul Tanmoy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We study approximative $\tau$-compactness in Banach spaces, where $\tau$ is the norm or weak topology. The family of Banach spaces with Fr{\'e}chet differentiable norms falls under the category of spaces where every $w^*$-closed finite codimensional subspace is approximately compact in the duals, is observed. We conclude that a smooth Banach space is Fr{\'e}chet smooth if and only if every $w^*$-closed hyperplane is approximatively compact in its dual.
The property approximative $\tau$-compactness is characterized in a variety of ways for finite codimensional subspaces.
It is established that a separable Banach space $X$ is Asplund if and only if $X^*$ admits a dual $CLUR$ renorming. This property is discussed in the context of quotient spaces. We prove that, under certain conditions, the property of approximative $\tau$-compactness passes through $M$-ideals. Stability results for approximative $\tau$-compactness in the spaces of Bochner integrable functions are also presented.
Systemic inflammation and Oxidative stress with stroke mortality among patients admitted in tertiary Hospital in Uganda: a prospective cohort study in southwestern Uganda
Authors: Kulaba Nicholas , Kayanja Adrian , Naigaga Josephine , Dumo Jackson Lodiong , Najjuma Josephine , Mukasa Mark Kaddu , Katabira Elly T , Moore Shirley M. , Sajatovic Martha , Muyingo Anthony 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: Stroke is an inflammatory state that causes death and chronic disability. Inflammation and oxidative stress are a predictor of poor clinical outcome, its effects are controversial and has not been evaluated in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of CT head confirmed ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke admitted within 7 days of onset of motor weakness. Baseline CRP, NLR and baseline glucose was measured with subsequent modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score on day 14 post-stroke. Cox proportional hazard model was fitted to determine hazard ratios of mortality with CRP, NLR and blood glucose.
Results: Out of 120 patients, 51.7% were female, 52.5% had ischemic stroke and the overall median age was 65 (IQR 54-80) years. Nineteen (15.8%) patients died within a median survival time of 7 days, while 32 (25.8%) died by day 14 after stroke.
Conclusion:
High C-reactive protein and stroke related hyperglycemia conferred statistically significant hazards of mortality among patients with acute and subacute stroke.
Enhancing Air Quality Forecasting in the Metropolitan Zone of the Valley of Puebla: A Comparative Analysis of CAMS and REMA Data
Authors: Castillo-Miranda Javier Omar , Mendoza-Hernández José Carlos , García-Reynoso José Agustín , Pérez-Osorio Gabriela 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Air quality in the Metropolitan Zone of the Valley of Puebla has shown in previous years that suspended particles less than 10 micrometers (PM10) and less than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) present a health risk. The automatic air quality monitoring system in Puebla measures PM10 and PM2.5 at five stations in the Puebla and Coronango municipalities. These measurements allow for the determination of the Air and Health Index according to the NOM-172-SEMARNAT-2019 standard for these pollutants. The advancement of satellite monitoring techniques represents an opportunity for air quality management where terrestrial measurements are scarce. However, to obtain reliable data, it is necessary to validate the satellite data with ground measurements from georeferenced monitoring stations. The operational implementation forecast of the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service (CAMS) allows for conducting out atmospheric pollution exploration processes. An analysis of this forecast data determined that the Persistence forecast is better than the CAMS forecast overall for both PM10 and PM2.5. However, the CAMS forecast can be employment for a preliminary evaluation in the prediction of PM2.5 due to the success in the comparison criteria of the dichotomous statistics ACCURACY, POD, FAR, POFD, SR, TS, ETS, HSS and ORSS.
Little Ice Age effects on Southern Ocean thermohaline circulation
Authors: Thresher Ronald , Rintoul Stephen , fallon Stewart , de Forges Sylvain Richer , Neil Helen , Trotter Julie , Tracey Dianne 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The Little Ice Age (LIA) was one of the strongest climate perturbations in the last millennium, with widespread albeit asynchronous periods of cooling globally1. Its effects on oceanic properties and thermohaline circulation have been questioned, however2. We provide evidence of changes in the properties of Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) over the last millennium that are synchronous with LIA cooling events and that appear to derive proximately from variations in the proportion of Upper Circumpolar Deep Water (UCDW) in the AAIW source mixture, and ultimately from changes in the strength and position of the zonal west winds over the Southern Ocean (SO). Export of AAIW from the SO influences climate and biogeochemical cycles globally by transporting heat, freshwater, nutrients and carbon to lower latitudes3-5, implying widespread impacts of its LIA-correlated variability. AAIW tracking of the LIA ceased in the late 1800s, which we suggest marked the onset of over-riding impacts of anthropogenic climate change on SO circulation.
Incidence and spatial pattern of viruses in commercial dragon fruit orchards in southern Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Silveira Antonia Thalyta Lopes , Figueira Antonia , Gontijo Gabriela Rineiro , Pessoa Viviane de Fátima Silva , Pio Leila Aparecida Salles , Pozza Edson Ampélio 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Dragon fruit (Selenicereus spp. syn. Hylocereus spp.) cultivation has grown significantly in recent years both in Brazil and throughout the world. This growth has demanded basic information on diseases caused by pathogens that can affect the crop. Among them, diseases of viral etiology stand out for the lack of curative control methods and for being underreported because the symptoms induced by viruses can be confounded with nutritional disorders. Previously, four viral species of the genus Potexvirus were detected in samples from different regions of Brazil. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and spatial distribution of potexvirus in 12 commercial dragon fruit orchards in southern Minas Gerais. The number of plants evaluated for incidence determination was calculated based on the size of each orchard, and the spatial distribution was investigated throughout the area. High incidences of potexvirus were detected, ranging from 80–100%. The spatial distribution of diseased plants showed an aggregated pattern in planting rows and a regular pattern in plots, indicating dissemination through cultural operations and infected seedlings as a source of inoculum. This was the first study on the epidemiology of viruses in dragon fruit orchards, and the data obtained indicate that producers are unaware of control measures required to live with the disease. In addition, the results showed the need for control seedling commercialization, aiming at the propagation of healthy material, along with the use of appropriate management practices to decrease the spread of viruses within orchards.
Baseline levels and longitudinal rates of change in plasma Aβ42/40 among self-identified Black/African American and White individuals
Authors: Xiong Chengjie , Schindler Suzanne , Luo Jingqin , Morris John , Bateman Randall , Holtzman David , Cruchaga Carlos , Babulal Ganesh , Henson Rachel , Benzinger Tammie , Bui Quoc , Agboola Folasade , Grant Elizabeth , Gremminger Emily , Moulder Krista , Geldmacher David , Clay Olivio , Roberson Erik , Murchison Charles , Wolk David , Shaw Leslie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective:The use of blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer disease (AD) may facilitate access to biomarker testing of groups that have been historically under-represented in research. We evaluated whether plasma Aβ42/40 has similar or different baseline levels and longitudinal rates of change in participants racialized as Black or White.Methods:The Study of Race to Understand Alzheimer Biomarkers (SORTOUT-AB) is a multi-center longitudinal study to evaluate for potential differences in AD biomarkers between individuals racialized as Black or White. Plasma samples collected at three AD Research Centers (Washington University, University of Pennsylvania, and University of Alabama-Birmingham) underwent analysis with C2N Diagnostics’ PrecivityAD™ blood test for Aβ42 and Aβ40. General linear mixed effects models were used to estimate the baseline levels and rates of longitudinal change for plasma Aβ measures in both racial groups. Analyses also examined whether dementia status, age, sex, education,APOEε4 carrier status, medical comorbidities, or fasting status modified potential racial differences.Results:Of the 324 Black and 1,547 White participants, there were 158 Black and 759 White participants with plasma Aβ measures from at least two longitudinal samples over a mean interval of 6.62 years. At baseline, the group of Black participants had lower levels of plasma Aβ40 but similar levels of plasma Aβ42 as compared to the group of White participants. As a result, baseline plasma Aβ42/40 levels were higher in the Black group than the White group, consistent with the Black group having lower levels of amyloid pathology. Racial differences in plasma Aβ42/40 were not modified by age, sex, education,APOEε4 carrier status, medical conditions (hypertension and diabetes), or fasting status. Despite differences in baseline levels, the Black and White groups had a similar longitudinal rate of change in plasma Aβ42/40.Interpretation:Black individuals participating in AD research studies had a higher mean level of plasma Aβ42/40, consistent with a lower level of amyloid pathology, which, if confirmed, may imply a lower proportion of Black individuals being eligible for AD clinical trials in which the presence of amyloid is a prerequisite. However, there was no significant racial difference in the rate of change in plasma Aβ42/40, suggesting that amyloid pathology accumulates similarly across racialized groups.
Mesophyll-Specific Circadian Dynamics of CAM Induction in the Ice Plant Unveiled by Single-Cell Transcriptomics
Authors: Kirst Matias , Perron Noé , Dervinis Christopher , Pereira Wendell , Barbazuk William 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is an evolutionary modification of the C3 photosynthetic carbon dioxide fixation pathway used by approximately 7% of terrestrial plants to live in drought-prone environments. Facultative CAM species, such as Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (common ice plant), possess the unique ability to switch from C3 to CAM photosynthesis in response to high-salinity and water-deficit stress. Here we characterized the environmentally-triggered transition from C3 to CAM in the ice plant using single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to identify its putative regulators, supported by a novel high-quality assembled and annotated genome. Analysis of snRNA-seq datasets from ice plant leaves transitioning between C3 and CAM collected at dawn and dusk revealed substantial transcriptional changes in mesophyll cells at the onset of CAM induction. Notably, our findings identify mesophyll sub-cell types engaged in either CAM or C3 photosynthesis at dusk. Cell trajectory inference analysis reconstructed both 24-hour CAM and C3 cycles, enabling a direct comparison of gene expression profiles in these pathways. This comparative study uncovered divergent expression patterns of key circadian clock genes in CAM and C3 cell trajectories, pointing to a connection between circadian regulation and CAM induction.
Effects of Prolonged Exposure to Salinity on Blood and Immune Parameters of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)) Juveniles in Rearing Ponds
Authors: Bivareh Mohammadreza , Jafaryan Hojatollah 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Environmental and unfavourable circumstances significantly impact a fish's serum and blood biochemical parameters. The study examines the impact of long-term exposure to salinity stress on the blood and immune parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) juveniles weighing 80 grams in farms with three different salinity levels in Golestan province (Iran): 0.5 ppt (freshwater), 3 ppt (brackish water), and 18 ppt (saltwater). After being purchased and transferred to the farms, the juveniles were fed a commercially available salmon diet for five months. After the trial period ended, blood samples were obtained from 60 healthy fish, with each fish weighing 250 grams at each farm. The samples were subjected to centrifugation in order to separate the serum from the blood cells. The desired parameters were measured using conventional laboratory techniques. The results revealed significant differences in the levels of white blood cells (WBCs) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) among the three experimental groups (p < 0.05). The fish in seawater showed the highest white blood cell count (14300 ± 310 mm3) and immunoglobulin M (0.428 ± 0.007 g/l) values. Red blood cell counts (RBCs), haematocrit (HCT), haemoglobin (Hgb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), complement C3 and complement C4 were all significantly lower in fish raised in brackish water compared to fish raised in freshwater and saltwater (p < 0.05). These parameters did not show any significant differences between fish reared in freshwater and saltwater (p > 0.05). The levels of total protein, glucose, cortisol, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, uric acid, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, lipase, and amylase were significantly higher in fish raised in saltwater compared to fish raised in fresh and brackish waters (p < 0.05). Significantly elevated levels of calcium, phosphorus, chloride, iron, copper, zinc, and magnesium ions were detected in saltwater fish that were raised (p < 0.05). Simultaneously, the amounts of sodium and potassium exhibited no statistically significant variations across all treatments (p > 0.05). To summarize, this research emphasizes that rainbow trout, a euryhaline species, exhibit better growth and survival rates when reared in water with a salinity of 18 parts per thousand (ppt). Furthermore, this species exhibits enhanced resistance to stressors at this specific salinity level, resulting in a more favourable habitat since these indicators tend to return to their original values observed in freshwater.
Clinical Value of IOTA LR2 and IOTA LR2 Combined with CEUS in Assessing the Nature of Adnexal Masses
Authors: Yan Xiaonan , Han Yiwei , Zhang Jianmei , Tian Cai 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the preoperative assessment of adnexal tumor benignity and malignancy using the International Ovarian Tumour Analysis (IOTA) logistic regression model 2 (LR2) and LR2 combined with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Clinical application of LR2 and CEUS in the preoperative assessment of adnexal tumors was evaluated.
Methods
One hundred and ninety-eight adnexal tumors were selected, and their nature was evaluated preoperatively according to IOTA LR2 and LR2 combined with CEUS. Pathological and long-term follow-up results were used as the gold standard for comparison.
Results
For the diagnostic efficacy of LR2 for identifying the nature of ovarian masses, the AUC was 0.90 (0.85–0.94). For the diagnostic efficacy of LR2 combined with CEUS in identifying the benign and malignant nature of ovarian tumors, the AUC was 0.92 (0.88–0.97).
Conclusion
The IOTA LR2 model has high sensitivity but low specificity. Its diagnostic specificity can be significantly improved by combining it with CEUS. Therefore, LR2 combined with CEUS has high clinical value and can help ultrasonographers determine the benign or malignant nature of adnexal tumors.
Establishment of an Index System for Multidimensional Health Poverty in Post-Poverty Alleviation Era in China: Delphi Method and Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Hao Jin , Dong Shiju , Li Jiajia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to establish a multidimensional health poverty evaluation index (MHPI) based on a sustainable livelihood framework to provide a reference for the accurate identification and treatment of the population health poverty in the post-poverty alleviation era.
Methods: A two-round Delphi process was used to determine the indicators of the index system. The weight of each indicator was calculated using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method.
Results: This study developed a new indicator framework covering five dimensions: financial, natural, physical, social, and human capital. The initial 46 indicators formed an indicator pool for the Delphi questionnaire. Based on the final consensus of the expert panel, the Delphi consultation resulted in an index system comprising six first-level and 23 second-level indicators. The weight values of the first-level indicators (economic security, health status, education, social capital, healthcare utilisation, and living conditions) were 0.2715, 0.2593, 0.0855, 0.0657, 0.1812, and 0.1363, respectively.
Conclusion: This study established a scientific and effective index to evaluate multidimensional health poverty in China. Economic security, health status,and healthcare utilisation are the most crucial aspects of multidimensional health poverty. Moreover, the results indicated that vocational training and social capital should be emphasised.
A Randomized controlled trial comparing two antenatal care regimes in the management of mild to moderate gestational diabetes in low middle income countries
Authors: Reddy Anusha , nirupama Shiny , Raj Arathy , Tirkey Richa Sasmita Tirkey Sasmita , Yenuberi Hilda , Rathore Swati , Mathew Jiji E 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
The aim of the study is to see if single ultrasound scan in the early third trimester could identify women who need frequent visits for strict glycemic control and the impact on neonatal and maternal outcomes in clinical practice.We decided not to look at serial ultrasounds to detect accelerated growth as it would be expensive, time consuming and difficult to replicate in normal practice.
Methods
The study was a randomized controlled trial, conducted at Christian Medical College and Hospital(CMCH), a tertiary hospital in south India. The study population was recruited from women who visited antenatal outpatient clinic in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, CMCH, Vellore between May 2019 to September 2021
Results
588 women were included in the study. Outcomes between conventional and ultrasound subgroups ( Standard + ultrasound subgroup with AC ≤ 70 th centile vs ultrasound subgroup AC ≥ 70 th centile)showed significant difference in outcomes.Ultrasound subgroup with AC ≥ 70 th centile had macrosomia(3.59% vs26.67%, P < 0.001),increased severity of diabetes(2.97% vs 16.67%, P < 0.001), 3 rd and 4 th degree perineal tear(2.95% vs 27.27%, P < 0.001) .
Conclusion
Thus in conclusion this small well designed study did not show any advantage with USGR as compared to the pragmatic simple standard regime, in treatment of women with GDM.
Brain-computer interface training based on visual and motor feedback improves convalescent stroke patients with hemiplegia: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Li Guannan , Yu Yang , Cui Zhengzhe , Gao Wen , Zhang Shuting , Ma Yuqin , Wan Xiaojiao , Li Peng , Wu Tingting , Zhu Shiqiang , Hong Yongfeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background Modern stroke rehabilitation integrates exercise therapy, occupational therapy, and other technological interventions. This study investigated the short-term intervention effect of brain-computer interface (BCI) training based on visual and motor feedback on cognition, psychology, limb movement, and brain function in convalescent stroke patients with hemiplegia.
Methods: Convalescent stroke patients with hemiplegia (n=98) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: conventional exercise rehabilitation (Control), conventional exercise + conventional motor imagery (MI), and conventional exercise + BCI-based MI (BCI) groups, while MI and BCI patients imagined the upper limb swimming and lower limb cycling during the rehabilitation, and treated for six times a week for two weeks. The training effects were evaluated by the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), six min walking distance (6MWD), modified Barthel index (MBI),and transcranial magnetic stimulator before and after the intervention.
Results: (1) After intervention: All indicators of the three groups were significantly improved compared with those before intervention(P<0.05) except for the MEP amplitude in Control group and MI group. (2) Differences before and after intervention: All items in BCI group were the largest in the three groups, in which MMSE, HAMD, and FMA items in BCI group were significantly different from those in the other two groups(P<0.05), and the MEP latency in BCI group was significantly different from that in MI group(P<0.05).
Conclusion: This randomized controlled trial demonstrated that all three types of interventions could significantly improve convalescent stroke patients with hemiplegia, while BCI-based MI training with both visual and motor feedback was a better choice for clinical rehabilitation of patients to recover cognition, psychology,and limb movement. Mechanistically, BCI-based MI training also improved the excitability of the non-lesional cerebral hemisphere and the conductivity of the descending neural pathway.