bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
التراكيب الجائزة في النحو الواجبة في البلاغة
Authors: منصوري ميلود 
Published: September 2023

Non-requisite Structures in Grammar compulsory in Rhetorics
Syntax in grammar requires joining the word to the word to form the sentence or speech that improves silence. In this research paper, the researcher conducts a comparative study between the intended purposes of the sciences of grammar and rhetoric, to conclude in the end that every combination that is permissible in grammar is a duty in rhetoric, because rhetoric chooses an article for each station.Rhetoric is related to eloquence, and eloquence means eloquence and manifestation, and appearance does not accept anything that contains ambiguity or ambiguity. From the eloquence in the noble verse, the neighbor and the neighbor (them) are attached to an omitted word, not to the mentioned word (sahih), and the waw is omitted before {they are the enemy}. Even if a caller in the army called out, or a beast broke loose, or a lost man sang: they thought it was a trap for them. And the definition of “the enemy” indicates that they are complete in enmity. If this name came as an unfamiliar one, it would denote one race of the enemy and not the whole race.Thus, we find that every combination that is permissible in grammar is obligatory in rhetoric, because rhetoric chooses an article for each station.
القرآن والتصوّف
Authors: منصوري خيرة 
Published: September 2023

The Qur'an and Sufism
Islamic mysticism was based on the method of introspection of the perfection of the soul in its relationship with God, without neglecting the apparent aspect of Sharia. This spiritual path is derived from the Noble Qur’an, the honorable Sunnah of the Prophet, and the biography of the righteous predecessors. However, Sufism has special interpretations and a position that distinguished it from the rest of the Islamic intellectual trends. The Holy Qur’an was the source of Sufis’ contemplation and deepening, with respect to the noble verses that included the meanings of asceticism, mysticism and heading to the afterlife. As we can confirm that Islamic mysticism in its origin and development stemmed from the perpetuation of Qur’an recitation, meditation and practice, and the necessity of adhering to obedience and obligations.
معجم اللّغة العربيَّة المعاصرة بين الإجراءات العمليّة والآليّات التّنفيذيّة
Authors: بسناسي سعاد 
Published: September 2023

Contemporary Arabic Dictionary between practical procedures and executive mechanisms
The Contemporary Arabic Dictionary of Ahmad Mukhtar Omar is considered one of the most important contemporary linguistic dictionaries that the Arabic library lacks. This is due to the fact that it satisfies the needs of its speakers; it investigates new words, new connotations, and live uses. It also depends on the data of the modern era and information technology in collecting, classifying, extracting and auditing the material. The value of this dictionary is not limited to its modernity only, but extends to include its methodology, work procedures, implementation and output mechanisms, and following the latest international specifications in the manufacture and production of dictionaries. The present paper aims at studying this contemporary dictionary. The main findings showed that the face of contemporary in it appears, starting with the approach followed, then its practical procedures, and the mechanisms for its implementation and output. The importance of this process lies in the fact that it is an important step to implement what the researcher needs in the field of text linguistics. This is an important element of computational linguistics that seeks to bring about a new shift by means of interactive creativity.
Dénotation- Référence مصطلحا
Authors: درقاوي مختار 
Published: September 2023

On the concepts of Denotation and Reference
Language as a language and meta-language as a descriptive language, in fact, represents the field in which the concepts of terms emerge. This is based on semantic networks and higher cognitive relations that work on weaving concepts that are immanent to the process of linguistic action. There is a collision between the position-based language and the meta-language being that of the unnatural transcendental product when the two contexts are overwhelmed. We attempted in this research context to examine the translations submitted for the following linguistic terms: Reference - Denotation and to choose the appropriate translation with the help of the factor of employing the Arab heritage in the Arabization of terms, in an attempt to invest and activate heritage.
أنماط تعبيرية في العامّية الجزائرية دراسة لغوية
Authors: منصوري خيرة 
Published: September 2023

Expressive patterns in Colloquial Algerian Arabic: A linguistic study
The oral linguistic heritage carries within it the elements of survival and continuity. It is embodied in the extension of its construction in linguistic reality and verbal processes, a pattern of expressive patterns, a means of the common people, in which they innovate to express their feelings and thoughts. These methods are among the effects that have been transmitted to us through verbal communication, such as stories. Folk and proverbs are marked by spontaneity, some of the features of the Algerian personality are embodied in its construction. This article aims to study some of the expressive patterns of the Algerian colloquial inheritance from the linguistic side and to highlight its features and characteristics.
Grammaire et DaF - Grammaire et Enseignement de l'Allemand ou Rapports existant entre Linguistique et ELE
Authors: Lachachi Djamel Eddine 
Published: September 2023

Grammar and DaF: grammar and Teaching German or links between linguistics and German Teaching
In foreign language teaching as in other subjects, several disciplines can be used (sometimes unconsciously), especially those called "neighboring disciplines" of Linguistics: here we are talking about psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, contrastive linguistics, linguistic geography or dialectology, narrative and textual linguistics, language learning strategies and techniques and language didactics. The aim in this paper is to show the relationships or existing relationships between these different disciplines in a grammatical context or in other words: to show the existing relationships between Linguistics and foreign language teaching through grammar while evoking some links with learning strategies and techniques. Didactics for young people and for younger learners should not be too different from that for adults, when it comes to the system. The main goal of any mediation of system is to make possible correct analogies and to avoid false analogies. This is possible for a first time with a reduced grammar and a minimum vocabulary (lexicon).
Strukturelle Syntax
Authors: Bourouba Karima 
Published: September 2023

On Structural syntax
The beginnings of structuralism lie with the Geneva linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, who is therefore sometimes referred to as the "father" of structuralism. Important terms of structuralism are: langue/parole, synchrony/diachrony, descriptive/prescriptive, syntagmatic/paradigmatic, relevant feature/redundant feature. The concept of signs and the arbitrariness of signs also play an important role in structuralism. The present paper aims at studying the principles of struclturalism. The method of structuralism is initially inductive, even if it can lead to throwing the results, known different corpus, not realized and of which one waits that the results make clear. In other words, structuralism, in one way or another, always aims to read a text according to some grid that reorganizes it.
Сравнительный анализ порядка членов предложения в русском и арабском языках
Authors: Abid Louafi 
Published: September 2023

Comparative analysis of sentenceorder in Russian and Arabic
This article deals with the role of translation in teaching Russian to Algerian students. In this research, we have briefly touched upon the theoretical and practical aspects of translation from Russian into Arabic and from Arabic into Russian. In particular, we studied the question of the order of speech in Arabic and Russian and how to translate it. Speech order is an essential issue in translation. In this article, we suggest models for translation.
Le rapport à l’histoire dans le discours d’El Watan pour la commémoration du cinquantenaire de l’indépendance de l’Algérie
Authors: Ammi Abbaci Amal 
Published: September 2023

The relationship to history in the speech of El Watanfor the commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of the independence of Algeria
The present text concerns the relation which maintains the subject enunciator with the historic event. The study of the relation of the subject with the event will request the development of the linguistic marks of enunciative positioning which get free of the press of the fiftieth anniversary of the Algerian independence. The media speech has not only for office to report facts and events but also goes as far as wanting to explain, to clarify even to involve the reader, what imposes discursive instructions where the subject to enunciator tries to persuade the authority of reception and by adopting it discursive strategies which clarify of the commitment is the commitment is the enunciative disappearance. It is the object of this contribution which will try to exploit meditative corpuses of the six supplements “special independence of Algeria” to highlight the tracks of the enunciative positioning as well as the various strategies which allow the enunciator to legitimize et support this discourse.
Pour une Traduction de Qualité
Authors: Zinai Djamel Eddine 
Published: September 2023

For a Quality Translation
There is no translation type, model, since all work is subject to a retranslation, producing a different understanding of the same, according to space and time considerations, contextual, or conceptual notional. Translation act satisfies the requirements of the creation to the survival of the original text through time because it is aging which produces a gap between two eras, two cultures, two texts, finally two drives. It is then necessary to retain different methods and approaches to make ownership of the original and the same extrapolation of the paradox between the two posed any translation. The interpretive model (the verbal noun/ the déverbalisation of thought), the functional model (reformulation of the dynamic equivalent expressions in the source text) and finally the model of relevance (the involvement of mediators including cognitive, socio-cultural). Translation is thus an act negotiated between the literary-functional equivalence, relevance and the interpretative approach based on the principle of déverbalisation and reverbalisation. Translate then a metaphor’s construction, sliding, denial, resistance, finally betrayal.
Die Wortschatzprogression im algerischen gymnasialen DaF-Unterricht: Eine didaktisch-linguistische Untersuchung
Authors: Laimeche Imane 
Published: September 2023

Vocabulary Progression in Algerian German Classes: A Linguo-didactic Perspective
The specification of foreign language learning in high school as regards vocabulary as the basis for further learning at university. Learning a language absolutely requires THE mastery of its vocabulary. For this reason, this scientific work was created, which researches vocabulary progression in Algerian high school DaF lessons. The aim of this didactic-linguistic study is to determine the type of progression in vocabulary work and to prove the importance of vocabulary teaching in high school foreign language teaching - in our case Algeria. In order to achieve my goal, I have distributed written questionnaires to high school teachers in different cities of Algeria, through which I will gather all the experiences that teachers have had in this area. The Algerian textbook "Vorwarts" for the 2nd and 3rd year of high school is also analyzed from the aspect of vocabulary. They also sit in on class lessons to observe with their own eyes how the vocabulary is used in the German high school class in Algeria. It should also be observed how the students themselves and their teachers proceed step by step in learning vocabulary. It is worth noting that vocabulary work is considered one of the most important sub-skills in foreign language learning and teaching, therefore its neglect could lead to incomplete foreign language education.
Motivation im Fach Civilisation
Authors: Bereksi Reguig Abdesslam 
Published: September 2023

Motivation in Civilization
This article aims to make a first and modest assessment of the teaching of civilization. It should be emphasized that today the learner has little contact with ancient times and that consequently it is difficult for him to assimilate previous content knowing that the difficulty lies in the non-mastery of the language. Our objective is to give an analysis of this phenomenon with all its facets and all its repercussions on society over time in order to bring the learner as close as possible to the phenomenon which seems to him at first strange and foreign. Re-establishing the learner's relationship with the past is a first recommendation. The recourse to oral tradition made it possible to better define a civilizational aspect no longer exists. This is why the introduction of the story to tell seems essential to me for a new approach to this course. Instead of dispensing dates and biographies and waiting for the learner to learn them by heart, the teacher uses a very broad study of the phenomenon of civilization based on new research, in order to bring the historical event to life in its entirety in classes. This of course assumes that the teacher absorbs the content and internalizes it so that the learner feels an unfailing identification with the teacher. In this modest reflection, it is worth emphasizing that it is time to think about new methodological approaches. It seems difficult to break away from old teaching methods. More difficult I introduced new aspects of didactics into German classes. The main aim is to grasp historical facts and to continue to bring them to life with the active participation of the learners. But this requires knowledge and the know-how. If these two elements and other requirements are met in German classes, the problem of motivation can be relatively resolved.
Spacialités et personnages dans les nouvelles écritures : Le cas du « Point B 114 » dans le roman de Djamel Mati
Authors: Henni Ahmed 
Published: September 2023

Spatialities and Characters in New Writings: The case of "Point B 114" in Djamel Mati's novel
The main point of this contribution is to question the way the Algerian Writer D. Mati has elaborated a new dynamic and interactive report between the shifting and unreal spatial point B114 and the unfruitful no sense of a disturbed mind of atypical people while reading Bitter-Sweet The Disillusion of a Disturbed Mind' and 'A So- Called The South of Disillusion of a Disturbed Mind'. We just want to demonstrate how such dynamism can be elaborated in the wake of the dream phenomenon and the delirium in the Algerian new way of writing. A scriptural generic strategy to say and read its ontological and philosophical nature to the human condition and the being entity.
تصورات حول إشكالية الترجمة القانونية من الفرنسية إلى العربية
Authors: Bencherif Mohamed Hichem 
Published: September 2023

Perceptions about Legal Translation Issues from French into Arabic
This study aimed to deal with the legal translation problems and to discuss its definition and specificity compared with translation in general. It expected to identify the main problem of legal translation which is in turn divided into sub questions. According to reflections presented it can be said that legal translation is not a question of words, but it is related to other issues. The study chooses to evoke legal discourse with more details because of its importance both in law and translation. Firstly, some definitions of legal discourse are given in order to understand it, secondly we pointed out the main characteristics of legal discourse than we suggested a legal discourse typology based on semantic and pragmatic plan. Finally, the study concluded that a legal translator should learn during its education curriculum theses sub questions in order to be able to produce equivalent translation both legally and translationally.
Ferdinand de Saussure und europäischer Strukturalismus
Authors: Boufaden Abderrahim 
Published: September 2023

Ferdinand de Saussure and European Structuralism
Structuralism, even restricted to its original field, the analysis of language; does not, strictly speaking, constitute a community of doctrine such as the history of grammar may have known in the near or more distant past. It is characterized rather by the sharing of a set of very general principles which can orient or inflect research in different directions: attention was paid to the signifier in an attempt to account for language in terms of pure combinatory reflection on the form in linguistic phenomena. It was taking into account the diversity of codes and norms that regulate language (written and oral skills). Moreover, this methodological and epistemological orientation of linguistic structuralism ensures real continuity from F. de Saussure; the course in general linguistics proposes a reflection on the most general conditions of possibility of a knowledge of languages. To sum up, we can say that European structuralism has played a significant role in the development of linguistics. Thanks to his representative Ferdinand de Saussure who contribute massively to the shaping of modern linguistics
Aspekte des Interneteinsatzes im DaF- Unterricht
Authors: Chafi Sihem 
Published: September 2023

Aspects of Internet use in Deutsch lessons
The Internet is the largest data network in the world. If you have Internet access, you can access with a single computer click in any corner of the world. The Internet affects different aspects of life for example: companies advertise their products, students have access to literature in distant libraries and also for teaching foreign languages which will give many possibilities of use, the use of e -mail and the World Wide Web is very interesting at different levels. The use of internet and the media lead to the promotion of self-criticism, auto-correction and self-discipline. Furthermore, when dealing with Internet, an emotional- affective dimension plays a major role, since self-determined and individual learning can be realized through e-activities, which are emotionally significant to a large extent by identification with the learning process. When using the new media in Deutsch lessons, computers are used in an integrated sense as a device for communication processes. In the area of teaching and learning, the new media (computer and internet) are used and perceived as a support for learning through t technology.
Zum Einfluss des Lateins auf die althochdeutsche
Authors: Amara Yamina 
Published: September 2023

On the Influence of Latin on Old High German
In this article I have given a historical overview of the influence of Latin on the German language at the different stages of its development. But, a special attention was given to Old High German, because both have common roots. At the beginning I explained the most important background about Latin and Old High German to better understand the development of the German language gradually. Then, I have explained the influence of Latin on Old High German through the relationship between Latin and Old High German from a religious perspective. At the end I explained the features and the different changes that affected the lexical items of Old High German, with a particular emphasis on linguistic and phonetic changes. Not only Latin influenced German, but also French, Greek, Ancient Greek, and English have had the greatest impact. We end up with a question to open other avenues for research: what would the German language be like if Latin had never existed? It is difficult to answer this question, but what is important is that Latin served the German language as a unified language and culture.
Übersetzerinnen im Karussell der Perspektiven: Reziproke Anregungen für Translation und Interkulturelle Philosophie
Authors: Faiz Alshehri 
Published: September 2023

Translators in the merry-go-round of perspectives: reciprocal suggestions for translation and intercultural philosophy
This article deals with the question of how selected insights from intercultural philosophy can enrich translation studies. This concerns the aspects of the dynamic concept of culture and the avoidance of essentialism, as well as the ability to change perspectives and thus also the avoidance of stereotyping, generalizations and the absolutization of supposed findings about the culture in question. It is assumed that the findings can be of use in translation teaching. The extensive overlap of concerns in translation studies and philosophy shows that mutual awareness of discourses in the two fields enhance translation theory and deepen research in philosophy. Therefore, it addresses the core of philosophical problems related to the philosophy of mind, including the nature of knowledge, decision making, and the perception of other minds, as well as cognitive and social functions such as intention, action, communication, and ethics. Despite, and sometimes even because of, disagreements in philosophical circles about all these issues, translation teachers, translation scholars, and translators themselves have much to gain by addressing the big questions raised by philosophers, critical responses to philosophical arguments, and the substantive value of philosophical writings when compared to the body of descriptive translation data and theoretical frameworks that have emerged in translation studies.
Imaginaire linguistique anglophone en rapport avec le bilinguisme officiel au Cameroun
Authors: Ebongue Augustin Emmanuel 
Published: September 2023

Anglophone linguistic imaginary in relation to official bilingualism in Cameroon
The author of this article examines, from a sociolinguistic angle, the image that the English- speaking Cameroonian believes to be the one that the French-speaking Cameroonian has of him. To achieve this, we used a corpus made up of literary and political discourses. The common denominator of these two sources of the corpus is that they allow the profile of many glottopolitical interventions which are, according to Henri Boyer, 1997: 29), "the act of individuals (personalities more or less known in general), groups and/or associations of language activists […] they often have a strong claiming and polemical content, based on an identity ideology and a regionalist or nationalist political option”. They betray a linguistic imagination strongly marked by a feeling of glottophobia of which English-speaking Cameroonians claim to be victims.
La didactique de l’orthographe en question : étude expérimentale avec un public adulte
Authors: Hedid Souheila 
Published: September 2023

The didactics of spelling in question: experimental study with an adult audience
Writing in all its forms guarantees the survival and persistence of human thought, which is how it is transmitted from generation to generation. At the heart of this practice, which is both social and individual, we see the emergence of the need to improve one's learning of spelling, the most obvious component of writing. In fact, with the emergence of Internet and the new means of communication, learning to spell is becoming more and more important. This study questions the dimension of this learning in an adult audience, it aims to identify what this teaching has as specific when it comes to the transmission of a foreign language to adults. The reflection initiated here refers to experimental research. The results of this didactic survey are analyzed with a qualitative methodology that allows the data to be interpreted according to several paradigms. The study of the FLE method used and the learning context gives us multiple analytical leads, the choice of a given approach depends on the characteristic elements of the corpus studied.