bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Neuropeptide Y Immunoreactivity and Vasoconstriction in Mesenteric Small Arteries from Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Gradin Kathryn A. , Li Jia-Yi , Andersson Ove , Simonsen Ulf 
Published: August 2003

Enhanced sympathetic nerve activity is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying the enhanced vasocontractile response to perivascular stimulation of mesenteric arteries isolated from female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Innervation of mesenteric small arteries was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy while functional studies were conducted in a microvascular myograph. The distribution of nerve terminals immunoreactive for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) was similar in mesenteric small arteries from Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and SHR rats. However, immunointensity of TH or NPY immunoreactivities were much higher in small arteries from SHR compared to WKY. Expressed as percentage of contractions elicited by 124 m<i>M</i> K<sup>+</sup>, concentration-response curves for noradrenaline (NA) and NPY were shifted leftward in SHR compared with WKY rats. The combination of noradrenaline (1 µ<i>M</i>) and NPY (10 n<i>M</i>) contracted mesenteric arteries from WKY and SHR to higher levels than compared to either contractile agent added alone. The NPY Y<sub>1</sub> receptor antagonist, BIBP 3226, inhibited these contractions with 87 ± 0.7 and 80 ± 1.3% (p < 0.05, n = 6) in arteries from WKY and SHR rats, respectively. In arteries incubated with the α<sub>1</sub>-adrenoceptor antagonist, prazosin, and preactivated with vasopressin, electrical field stimulation evoked contractions which were more pronounced in mesenteric arteries from SHR compared to WKY rats. BIBP 3226 partially inhibited these contractions. In vasopressin-activated arteries BIBP 3226 caused rightward shifts of the concentration-response curves for NPY in mesenteric arteries from SHR rats, but in addition it also abolished the maximal NPY contraction in arteries from WKY rats. In the presence of BIBP 3226, low concentrations (1 p<i>M </i>to 10 n<i>M</i>) of NPY caused relaxations in arteries from WKY, but not in segments from SHR rats. Mechanical removal of the endothelium abolished NPY relaxation in arteries from WKY. In arteries activated with vasopressin and exposed to either forskolin or sodium nitroprusside, the addition of NPY evoked contractions which were more pronounced in arteries from SHR compared to WKY arteries. The present study suggests that enhanced NPY content and vasoconstriction to NPY in arteries from hypertensive rats can contribute to the enhanced sympathetic nerve activity and vascular resistance in female hypertensive rats. Endothelial cell dysfunction as well as alterations in smooth muscle response to NPY seem to contribute to the enhanced vasoconstriction in arteries from hypertensive animals.
Ethylene Oxide
Authors: Hill Peter J. , Wadman Sipke H. , Bishopp Simon D. , Wermink Thijs , Wells Gary J. , Lohr Tracy L. , Lockemeyer John R. , Rebsdat Siegfried , Mayer Dieter 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The article contains sections titled:

1
Introduction

1.1
History

2
Physical Properties

3
Chemical Properties

3.1
Decomposition

3.2
Disproportionation

3.3
Addition to Compounds with a Labile Hydrogen Atom

3.4
Polymerization to Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)

3.5
Reaction with Water

3.6
Other Reactions

3.6.1
Addition to Double Bonds

3.6.2
Catalytic Isomerization to Acetaldehyde

3.6.3
Reaction with Grignard Reagents

3.6.4
Reaction with Dimethyl Ether

4
EO Production Technologies

4.1
EO History and Air Versus Oxygen Process

4.2
Oxygen‐Based Oxidation Process

4.3
Ethylene Epoxidation Catalysts

4.3.1
Catalyst Support Materials

4.3.2
EO Catalyst Development History

4.3.3
Aging of the Catalyst

4.3.4
Nature of Oxygen Species

4.3.4.1
Mechanism 1: Dioxygen as the Epoxidizing Species

4.3.4.2
Mechanism 2: Atomic Oxygen as the Epoxidizing Species

4.3.5
Kinetics

4.4
Key Technology Considerations

4.4.1
Reactor Tubes and Catalyst Bed

4.4.2
Water and Hydrocarbon Cooling

4.4.3
Reactor Conditions and Improvements

4.4.3.1
Methane Ballast Gas

4.4.3.2
Ethylene Recovery Systems

4.4.3.3
Carbon Dioxide Concentrations and Optimization

4.4.3.4
Inlet Oxygen Levels and Flammability

4.4.3.5
Intensification of Reactor Conditions

4.4.3.6
High Purity EO Production

4.4.4
Byproducts

4.4.5
Material of Construction

5
Uses

6
Quality Specifications and Analysis

6.1
Analysis

7
Safety Considerations

7.1
Explosion and Fire Control

7.2
Process Safety Hazard of Hydrolysis of Concentrated EO/Water Mixtures

7.3
Risk of Reaction due to Contaminants in Pure EO

8
Storage and Transportation

9
Economic Aspects

10
Toxicology and Occupational Health

10.1
Personal Protective Equipment

10.2
Toxicity

11
Environmental Protection and Ecology

12
Sustainability

References
Predictors of Mortality in Antiphospholipid Antibody Positive Patients: Prospective Results from Antiphospholipid Syndrome Alliance for Clinical Trials and International Networking (APS ACTION) Clinical Database and Repository (“Registry”)
Authors: Ahmadzadeh Yasaman , Magder Laurence S , de Andrade Danieli Castro Oliveira , Paredes‐Ruiz Diana , Tektonidou Maria G. , Pengo Vittorio , Sciascia Savino , Andreoli Laura , Signorelli Flávio , Fortin Paul R , Efthymiou Maria , Belmont H Michael , Barilaro Giuseppe , Clarke Ann E. , Atsumi Tatsuya , López‐Pedrera Chary , Knight Jason S. , Branch D. Ware , Willis Rohan , Kello Nina , Zhang Zhuoli , Rodriguez Almaraz Esther , Artim‐Esen Bahar , Pardos‐Gea Jose , Pons‐Estel Guillermo , Pazzola Giulia , Shi Hui , Duarte‐García Alí , Thaler Jonathan , Barber Megan R W , Skeith Leslie , Radin Massimo , Meroni Pier Luigi , Roubey Robert , Bertolaccini Maria Laura , Cohen Hannah , Petri Michelle , Erkan Doruk 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveThe objective was to determine the mortality rate as well as the causes and predictors of mortality in antiphospholipid antibody (aPL)‐positive patients with/without APS classification.MethodsThe inclusion criteria for the multicenter international APS ACTION registry are positive aPL according to the Revised Sapporo Classification Criteria tested within one year prior to enrollment. Patients are followed every 12 ± 3 months with clinical data and blood collection. For this prospective analysis, firstly we analyzed the causes of death for patients reported as “deceased”. Secondly, we analyzed risk factors for mortality using adjusted Cox proportional hazards model, and calculated the survival probability by Kaplan‐Meier model based on different age groups.ResultsOf 967 patients, 43 (5%) were deceased after a median follow‐up of 5.3 years. Based on the univariate analysis, deceased patients, compared to non‐deceased, were more likely to be older and have a history of arterial thrombosis, catastrophic APS (CAPS), concomitant systemic autoimmune diseases (SAIDx), and baseline cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Based on the cox proportional hazards model adjusted for age and for each of the strongest predictors of mortality, arterial thrombosis (HR 2.94, 95% CI 1.50‐5.76), concomitant SAIDx (HR 2.97, 95% 1.56‐5.63), and baseline any CVD risk factor (HR 2.43, 95% CI 1.05‐5.71) were significantly associated with mortality.ConclusionIn our cohort of persistently aPL‐positive patients, the mortality rate was 5% after a median follow‐up of five years, highest for patients over 60 years‐old at registry entry. History of arterial thrombosis, concomitant SAIDx, and baseline any CVD risk factor independently predicted future mortality.
Geographic Clustering of Systemic Sclerosis in Areas of Environmental Pollution
Authors: Kosarek Noelle N. , Romano Megan , Moen Erika , Simms Robert W. , Erickson Ashleigh , Khanna Dinesh , Pioli Patricia A. , Whitfield Michael L. 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveSystemic Sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis of the skin and other organs. SSc is thought to arise in genetically predisposed individuals with occupational triggers, although further environmental etiologies still need to be identified. Limited research exists detailing which environmental factors lead to the downstream inflammatory and fibrotic symptoms experienced by SSc patients across the United States. This study describes a retrospective cohort of 179,188 individuals with an SSc or SSc related diagnosis code enrolled in the Medicare beneficiary program between the years 2014‐2018.MethodsThe incidence of SSc and SSc related diagnosis codes in all United States (US) zip codes with beneficiary counts greater than 11 was calculated. We conducted global and local Moran's I as well as hot spot analysis with the Getis Ord Gi Static to determine if SSc and SSc related diagnosis codes exhibited clustered or dispersed patterns across the US. We identified clusters of SSc and SSc related diagnosis code high incidence in or around Superfund sites, which are federally identified areas of environmental contamination.ResultsSSc exhibited clustered patterns in two analyzed cohorts based on global Moran's I statistics of 0.588 and 0.521. Results of local Moran's I indicated clusters of disease in Mississippi, New York, Wisconsin, and Michigan, among others. Some zip codes with high disease incidence were home to at least one Superfund site.ConclusionsSSc exhibits non‐random, clustered distributions in a US Medicare beneficiary cohort composed of 179,188 individuals from 2014‐2018.
Ribosomal Proteins as Exosomal Cargo: Random Passengers or Crucial Players in Carcinogenesis?
Authors: Graifer Dmitri , Malygin Alexey , Shefer Aleksei , Tamkovich Svetlana 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMany ribosomal proteins (RPs) have functions beyond their canonical role as constituents of the ribosome. They often relate to human pathologies, primarily, to carcinogenesis, and the expression of specific RPs is considerably changed in malignant cells. On the other hand, extracellular vesicles (including exosomes), which provide intercellular communication by transporting specific molecular cargo from donor to recipient cells, often contain specific sets of RPs. Thus, one can assume that oncogenic properties of RPs can be transferred from one cell to another by exosomes. Such kind transfer has been already documented with RPS3 and gastric cancer cells. However, it remains largely unclear how widespread is the above effect and to which extent it contributes to the tumor progression and metastasis. To shed light on this issue, a comparative analysis of the sets of RPs found in exosomes and of the available data on oncogenic properties of these proteins is conducted.
In‐Situ Growth of 2D MOFs as a Molecular Sieving Layer on SnS2 Nanoflakes for Realizing Ultraselective H2S Detection
Authors: Lee Soo Min , Kim Yeong Jae , Park Seon Ju , Cheon Woo Seok , Kim Jaehyun , Nam Gi Baek , Kim Youngeun , Jang Ho Won 
Published: February 2025

Abstract2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have emerged as promising materials for advanced gas sensing platforms owing to their abundant active edge sites, high surface area, and mechanical flexibility. However, TMDs encounter low selectivity issues as they show high responses to a variety of gases, impeding their practical use for gas discrimination. Herein, it is demonstrated that in situ growth of 2D breathable zeolitic imidazolate framework‐leaf (ZIF‐L) dramatically enhances the selectivity of 2D SnS2‐based gas sensors to H2S. ZIF‐L selectively allows the permeation of the target gas, H2S, while blocking interfering gases, including C3H9N, NH3, and volatile organic compounds. The ZIF‐L/SnS2 sensor shows ultrahigh response (1440% resistance change) and exceptional selectivity (response ratio > 10.2 about interfering gases) to 50 ppm of H2S with a low theoretical detection limit of 3.61 ppb. First‐principles calculations elucidate the molecular sieving effect of ZIF‐L, including size exclusion and adsorptive sieving, supporting the mechanism of the outstanding selectivity. Additionally, a monolithic and flexible ZIF‐L/SnS2 sensor using a polyethylene terephthalate substrate proves the potential of ZIF‐L/TMDs heterostructures for flexible applications. This study provides a novel and promising strategy for tuning gas selectivity and developing high‐performance flexible chemical sensors using a MOF‐based molecular sieving layer.
Self‐Compliant, Variation‐Suppressed Memristor Implemented with Carbon Nanotube/hBN/Silver Nanowire Cross‐Point Structure
Authors: Hu Jiayang , Li Baini , Wang Hailiang , Kang Yu , Zhao Yuda , Xu Yang , Shi Enzheng , Guo Yunfan , Xu Kai , Yu Bin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractImplementing memristors for neuromorphic computing demands ultralow power, suppressed variations, and compact structure. Previously reported artificial neurons are mostly demonstrated with micrometer size in which the stochastic formation/rupture of conductive filaments leads to significant temporal and spatial variations. Additionally, external current compliance is commonly applied to ensure volatile switching behavior, inevitably increasing design complexity and power consumption due to auxiliary circuitry. Here, an ultra‐scaled volatile memristor is demonstrated using carbon nanotube (CNT)/hBN/silver nanowire (Ag NW) cross‐point structure with a conducting area of only 120 nm2. Owing to the nanoscale geometry for ion migration, the memristor exhibits suppressed cycle‐to‐cycle and device‐to‐device variations. Self‐compliant memristive behavior is achieved, simplifying the overall system design. Furthermore, the power consumption of the cross‐point memristor‐based neuron is drastically reduced. The results provide guidelines for tailoring the critical electrical behavior of geometry‐scaled memristor, generating practical understanding of ultra‐scaled memristor and its potential application in neuromorphic computing.
Engineering Cu‐In Dual‐Site Catalysts by Dynamic Reconstruction of Cu‐In‐S Quantum Dots for Efficient Electrochemical CO2 Conversion to Formate
Authors: Zhang Bo , Chang Yuan , Gao Junfeng , Hou Jungang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWith the increasing consumption of fossil fuels emitting a large amount of CO2, electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (CO2RR) has become a promising way to reduce carbon emissions. Dual‐site catalysts have been identified as attractive materials for CO2RR, however, suffering from low selectivity and activity. Herein, Cu‐In‐S quantum dots have undergone in situ dynamic restructuring to construct Cu‐In dual‐site catalysts (Cu0.15In0.85 NPs) with highly catalytic activity toward CO2 electrochemical conversion. Cu0.15In0.85 NPs achieved a high Faraday efficiency of 92.3% for formate production at −1.45 V versus RHE, and a high formate partial current density of 245.4 mA cm−2 at −1.82 V versus RHE in a flow cell. In situ ATR‐SEIRAS spectroscopy and theoretical calculations indicated Cu dopants induced the charge transfer from Cu to In atoms to form the Cu‐In synergistic active sites, thus decreasing the formation energy of OCHO* and HCOOH* intermediates, as well as inhibiting the dissociation of water molecules. This work elucidates the optimization mechanism of the electronic structure for dual‐site catalysts and guides the fabrication of highly efficient electrocatalysts for formate production.
New Advances in Periodontal Functional Materials Based on Antibacterial, Anti‐Inflammatory, and Tissue Regeneration Strategies
Authors: Wu Haoyue , Li Yuanfeng , Shi Linqi , Liu Yong , Shen Jing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWith the global population aging, awareness of oral health is rising. Periodontitis, a widespread bacterial infectious disease, is gaining attention. Current novel biomaterials address key clinical issues like bacterial infection, gum inflammation, tooth loosening, and loss, focusing on antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, and tissue regeneration properties. However, strategies that integrate the advantages of these biomaterials to achieve synergistic therapeutic effects by clearing oral biofilms, inhibiting inflammation activation, and restoring periodontal soft and hard tissue functions remain very limited. Recent studies highlight the link between periodontitis and systemic diseases, underscoring the complexity of the periodontal disease. There is an urgent need to find comprehensive treatment plans that address clinical requirements. Whether by integrating new biomaterials to enhance existing periodontal treatments or by developing novel approaches to replace traditional therapies, these efforts will drive advancements in periodontitis treatment. Therefore, this review compares novel biomaterials with traditional treatments. It highlights the design concepts and mechanisms of these functional materials, focusing on their antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, and tissue regeneration properties, and discusses the importance of developing comprehensive treatment strategies. This review aims to provide guidance for emerging periodontitis research and to promote the development of precise and efficient treatment strategies.
Supramolecular Chemistry in Metal–Organic Framework Materials
Authors: Miguel‐Casañ Eugenia , Orton Georgia R. F. , Schier Danielle E. , Champness Neil R. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFar from being simply rigid, benign architectures, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit diverse interactions with their interior environment. From developing crystal sponges to studying reactions in framework materials, the role of both supramolecular chemistry and framework structure is evident. We explore the role of supramolecular chemistry in determining framework…guest interactions and attempts to understand the dynamic behavior in MOFs, including attempts to control pore behavior through the incorporation of mechanically‐interlocked molecules. Appreciating and understanding the role of supramolecular interactions and dynamic behavior in metal–organic frameworks emerge as important directions for the field.
NIR‐II Fluorescent Thermophoretic Nanomotors for Superficial Tumor Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Jiang Jiwei , Hu Jing , Li Mingtong , Luo Mingzhi , Dong Bin , Sitti Metin , Yan Xiaohui 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPeritumoral subcutaneous injection has been highly envisioned as an efficient yet low‐risk administration of photothermal agents for superficial tumor photothermal therapy. However, obstructed by complex subcutaneous tissue, the delivery of injected photothermal agents to the specific tumor remains a critical issue. Herein, the study reports a polydopamine (PDA)‐encapsulated spherical core/shell nanomotor with fluorescent indocyanine green (ICG) immobilized on its PDA shell. Upon the first near‐infrared (NIR‐I) irradiation, this motor can generate favorable photothermal heat, and meantime, emit a robust ICG fluorescence in the second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II). The heat turns the motor into an active photothermal agent able to perform thermophoretic propulsion along the irradiation direction in subcutaneous tissue, while the ICG fluorescence can direct the subcutaneous propulsion of motors toward specific tumor through real‐time NIR‐II imaging. These functions endow the motor with the ability of moving to tumor after being injected at peritumoral site, enabling an enhanced photothermal therapy (PTT). The results demonstrated herein suggest an integrated nanorobotic tool for the superficial PTT using peritumoral administration, highlighting an NIR‐II imaging‐directed subcutaneous propulsion.
Leather Solid Waste–Derived Collagen Polypeptide Based Foam for the Sustainable and Clean Production of Foam‐Based Extinguishing Agents
Authors: Yang Mao , Wang Chunxia , Ji Xingxiang , Dang Xugang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHerein, a novel leather solid waste–derived collagen polypeptide (CP)–based foam (CF) is developed with good chemical stability, good degradability, considerably poor metal corrosive properties, and high‐efficiency fire‐extinguishing properties. The developed CP is used as a raw material to obtain CF via free‐radical emulsion polymerization using maleic anhydride and oleic acrylic resins. Thereafter, a foam‐based extinguishing agent (FP) with ideal flame retardant properties is synthesized by blending the obtained CF with common and fluorine‐containing (sodium perfluoro nonyloxybenzenesulfonate) surfactants. The prepared materials are characterized using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, fire‐extinguishing effect, and other analytical techniques. Results show that the synthesized FP exhibited good thermal and chemical stabilities as well as considerably low cytotoxicity and biotoxicity. A spreading test and preliminary fire‐extinguishing test on an oil surface indicated that the FP has a relatively high spreading speed and good air‐insulation performance. In particular, compared with that of a traditional extinguishing agent, the full spreading time of 7‐FP is 40% lower, with the total extinguishing time being 28 s. Overall, the results suggested that the prepared CP materials are effective extinguishing agents and may have notable value in various fireproofing applications.
Accelerating Desolvation Process and Achieving Dendrite‐Free Zn Anode Via Dielectric Filler‐assisted Artificial Hybrid Interphase
Authors: Li Canglong , Huang Jie , Chen Dongping , Li Jiexiang , Cheng Yuanzi , You Tiancheng , Huang Shaozhen , Yu Huaming , Huang Yang , Li Guanghui , Chen Yuejiao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) have garnered significant interest for their potential in large‐scale energy storage, attributed to their high safety and low cost. Nonetheless, issues such as limited cycling lifespan and low coulombic efficiency (CE) associated with dendrite formation and uncontrollable side reactions on the Zn metal anode pose challenges that restrict their practical applications. Herein, a dielectric filler‐assisted artificial hybrid interphase is constructed on the Zn anode surface to address the challenges faced by the Zn anode in aqueous electrolytes. TiO2 nanoparticles with special dielectric properties promote the solvation process and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) acts as a physical barrier for suppressing the adverse reactions and blocking the dendrite. Consequently, a symmetric cell using a modified zinc anode achieves a prolonged cycle life of over 2500 h at 1 and 1 mAh cm−2. Furthermore, the full cell with a vanadium‐based cathode delivers excellent electrochemical performance (over 600 cycles at 1 A g−1). This research offers an efficient and scalable approach to enhance the performance of Zn metal anodes.