bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Earlier clinical response predicts low rates of radiographic progression in biologic-naïve patients with active psoriatic arthritis receiving guselkumab treatment
Authors: Mease Philip J. , Gottlieb Alice B. , Ogdie Alexis , McInnes Iain B. , Chakravarty Soumya D. , Rampakakis Emmanouil , Kollmeier Alexa , Xu Xie L. , Shawi May , Lavie Frederic , Kishimoto Mitsumasa , Rahman Proton 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
Assess relationship between earlier clinical improvement and radiographic progression (RP) over 2 years in guselkumab-treated patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA).

Method
Post hoc analyses combined data from DISCOVER-2 biologic-naïve adults with active PsA randomized to either guselkumab 100 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W) or guselkumab at W0, W4, then Q8W. Correlations (Spearman’s coefficient) between baseline disease parameters and total PsA-modified van der Heijde-Sharp (vdH-S) score were examined. Repeated-measures mixed models, adjusted for known RP risk factors, assessed the relationship between Disease Activity Index in PsA (DAPSA) improvement, DAPSA improvement exceeding the median or the minimal clinically important difference (MCID), or DAPSA low disease activity (LDA) at W8 and RP rate, assessed by change from baseline in vdH-S score through W100.

Results
Baseline age, PsA duration, CRP level, and swollen joint count, but not psoriasis duration/severity, weakly correlated with baseline vdH-S score. Elevated baseline CRP (parameter estimate [β] = 0.17–0.18, p < 0.03) and vdH-S score (β = 0.02, p < 0.0001) significantly associated with greater RP through W100. Greater improvement in DAPSA (β = -0.03, p = 0.0096), achievement of DAPSA improvement > median (least squares mean [LSM] difference: -0.66, p = 0.0405) or > MCID (-0.67, p = 0.0610), or DAPSA LDA (-1.44, p = 0.0151) by W8 with guselkumab significantly associated with less RP through W100. The effect of W8 DAPSA LDA on future RP was strengthened over time among achievers vs. non-achievers (LSM difference enhanced from -1.05 [p = 0.0267] at W52 to -1.84 [p = 0.0154] at W100).

Conclusions
In guselkumab-treated patients with active PsA, earlier improvement in joint symptoms significantly associated with lower RP rates through 2 years, indicating blockade of the IL-23 pathway may modify long-term disease course and prevent further joint damage.

Key Points• Greater improvement in DAPSA at Week 8 of guselkumab treatment was significantly associated with less progression of structural joint damage at 2 years in patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA).• Early control of peripheral joint disease activity with blockade of the IL-23 pathway may modify long-term PsA trajectory and prevent further joint damage.
Clinical and imaging features of interstitial lung disease in cancer patients treated with trastuzumab deruxtecan
Authors: Baba Tomohisa , Kusumoto Masahiko , Kato Terufumi , Kurihara Yasuyuki , Sasaki Shinichi , Oikado Katsunori , Saito Yoshinobu , Endo Masahiro , Fujiwara Yutaka , Kenmotsu Hirotsugu , Sata Masafumi , Takano Toshimi , Kato Ken , Hirata Koji , Katagiri Tomomi , Saito Hanako , Kuwano Kazuyoshi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis (ILD/pneumonitis) has been identified as a drug-related adverse event of special interest of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), but there were a few reports of T-DXd-related ILD/pneumonitis in clinical practice.

Methods
Between May 25, 2020 (the launch of T-DXd in Japan) and February 24, 2022, there were 287 physician-reported potential ILD/pneumonitis cases from the Japanese post-marketing all-case surveillance. By February 27, 2022, an independent adjudication committee assessed 138 cases and adjudicated 130 cases as T-DXd-related ILD/pneumonitis. The clinical features and imaging characteristics of these cases were evaluated.

Results
The majority of adjudicated T-DXd-related ILD/pneumonitis cases were grade 1 or 2 (100/130, 76.9%). The most common radiological pattern types observed were organizing pneumonia patterns (63.1%), hypersensitivity pneumonitis patterns (16.9%), and diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) patterns (14.6%). Eleven cases (8.5%) from 130 resulted in death; the majority of these (8/11, 72.7%) had DAD patterns. The overall proportion of recovery (including the outcomes of recovered, recovered with sequelae, and recovering) was 76.9%, and the median time to recovery was 83.5 days (interquartile range: 42.25–143.75 days). Most cases (59/71, 83.1%) that were treated with corticosteroids were considered responsive to treatment.

Conclusions
This is the first report to evaluate T-DXd-related ILD/pneumonitis cases in clinical practice. Our findings are consistent with previous reports and suggest that patients with DAD patterns have poor outcomes. Evaluation of a larger real-world dataset may further identify predictors of clinical outcome.
Resting-State EEG Microstates and Power Spectrum in Borderline Personality Disorder: A High-Density EEG Study
Authors: Deiber Marie-Pierre , Piguet Camille , Berchio Cristina , Michel Christoph M. , Perroud Nader , Ros Tomas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is a debilitating psychiatric condition characterized by emotional dysregulation, unstable sense of self, and impulsive, potentially self-harming behavior. In order to provide new neurophysiological insights on BPD, we complemented resting-state EEG frequency spectrum analysis with EEG microstates (MS) analysis to capture the spatiotemporal dynamics of large-scale neural networks. High-density EEG was recorded at rest in 16 BPD patients and 16 age-matched neurotypical controls. The relative power spectrum and broadband MS spatiotemporal parameters were compared between groups and their inter-correlations were examined. Compared to controls, BPD patients showed similar global spectral power, but exploratory univariate analyses on single channels indicated reduced relative alpha power and enhanced relative delta power at parietal electrodes. In terms of EEG MS, BPD patients displayed similar MS topographies as controls, indicating comparable neural generators. However, the MS temporal dynamics were significantly altered in BPD patients, who demonstrated opposite prevalence of MS C (lower than controls) and MS E (higher than controls). Interestingly, MS C prevalence correlated positively with global alpha power and negatively with global delta power, while MS E did not correlate with any measures of spectral power. Taken together, these observations suggest that BPD patients exhibit a state of cortical hyperactivation, represented by decreased posterior alpha power, together with an elevated presence of MS E, consistent with symptoms of elevated arousal and/or vigilance. This is the first study to investigate resting-state MS patterns in BPD, with findings of elevated MS E and the suggestion of reduced posterior alpha power indicating a disorder-specific neurophysiological signature previously unreported in a psychiatric population.
Comparative population genetics of habitat-forming octocorals in two marine protected areas: eco-evolutionary and management implications
Authors: Horaud Mathilde , Arizmendi-Meija Rosana , Nebot-Colomer Elisabet , López-Sendino Paula , Antunes Agostinho , Dellicour Simon , Viard Frédérique , Leblois Raphael , Linares Cristina , Garrabou Joaquim , Ledoux Jean-Baptiste 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCurrent efforts to halt the decline of biodiversity are based primarily on protecting species richness. This narrow focus overlooks key components of biological diversity, particularly the infra-species genetic diversity, which is critical to consider with respect to genetic adaptation in changing environments. While comparative population genetics is recognized as a relevant approach to improve biodiversity management, it is still barely considered in practice. Here, a comparative population genetics study was conducted on two key habitat-forming octocoral species, Corallium rubrum and Paramuricea clavata, to contribute to management of two Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in the northwestern Mediterranean. Contrasting patterns of genetic diversity and structure were observed in the two species, although they share many common biological features and live in similar habitats. Differential genetic drift effects induced by species-specific reproductive strategies and demographic histories most likely explain these differences. The translation of our results into management strategies supports the definition of four management units. We identified a coldspot of genetic diversity, with genetically isolated populations, and a hotspot of genetic diversity that has a central role in the system’s connectivity. Interestingly, they corresponded to the most recent and the oldest protected areas, respectively. This case study shows how moving from a “species pattern” perspective to an “eco-evolutionary processes” perspective can help assess and contribute to the effectiveness of biodiversity management plans.
Measuring Children’s Engagement in Early Childhood Education and Care Settings: A Scoping Literature Review
Authors: Ritoša Andrea , Åström Frida , Björck Eva , Borglund Lisa , Karlsson Elin , McHugh Elaine , Nylander Elisabeth 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this scoping review was to explore operationalizations and related conceptualizations of young children’s engagement in early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings. The literature search was conducted in March 2021 across ERIC, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, with the aim of identifying studies where child engagement or involvement in ECEC settings was quantitatively assessed. The search resulted in 5965 articles, of which 286 were included in this review. Data were extracted about engagement conceptualization, theoretical frameworks, study population, study design, and engagement measurement tools and methods. Findings show variations in definitions and measurement of child engagement. Almost two-thirds of the studies lacked an explicit definition of child engagement. Young children’s engagement was typically defined as behaviors and interactions with the social and material environment, while involvement was depicted as an internal experience. The most common method of measuring children’s engagement in ECEC was observations by an external observer, followed by teacher surveys. Seventy-seven unique established measures of child engagement were identified. About one-third of the identified studies relied on unestablished measures of child engagement. Measures of general child engagement in ECEC had a focus on behavioral aspects of engagement, whereas most measures with a focus on engagement in academic activities also included cognitive and emotional aspects. To advance the research of child engagement in ECEC settings, more attention should be put into clarifying the concept of child engagement in terms of its generalizability, specificity, and temporality. Corresponding operationalizations should be precisely described. Our recommendations also include validating existing measures of child engagement and developing self-reports for young children.
Effect of Bacillus subtilis on potato virus Y (PVY) disease resistance and growth promotion in potato plants
Authors: Amin Hala A. , El Kammar Hanan F. , Saied Sawsan M. , Soliman Ahmed M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPotato virus Y (PVY) has become the most important viral pathogen of potato. The Bacillus subtilis EMCCN 1211 (B. subtilis) isolate was investigated in the current study as a biocontrol agent for the management of the PVY and Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) in potato plants under greenhouse conditions. Foliar and soil applications of a B. subtilis suspension at a concentration of 108 CFU/mL was applied at 48 h and 10 days respectively, before and after inoculation with PVY. Treatment of B. subtilis before virus inoculation resulted in a significant reduction in symptoms and entirely negative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results compared to untreated infected potato plants. In contrast, the RT-PCR showed PVY amplification (825 bp) in all bacterially treated plants. The soil application using B. subtilis before the PVY inoculation efficiently induced plant resistance and reduced the PVY accumulation level (32.79%) at 10 days post-inoculation (dpi) and continue with percentage increase of virus inhibition up to 72.26% at 35 dpi. The B. subtilis stimulated the plant growth that the potato plants fresh and dry weights increased by 61.40 and 56.6% at p ≤ 0.05 respectively. The transcriptional changes of pathogenesis -related gene (PR-1) was tested at 10 dpi. The results showed that the lower PVY accumulation was associated with the lower suppression of PR-1 defense related gene expression at 10 dpi and showed 0.9659 fold change value comparing with the mock-inoculated control. This data revealed that the soil application of B. subtilis efficiently suppressed, reduced the PVY accumulation level and symptoms severity; therefore it can be used as an antiviral biocontrol agent.
A general approach for evaluating of the coverage, resolution, and representation of streamflow monitoring networks
Authors: Konrad Christopher P. , Anderson Scott W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStreamflow monitoring networks provide information for a wide range of public interests in river and streams. A general approach to evaluate monitoring for different interests is developed to support network planning and design. The approach defines three theoretically distinct information metrics (coverage, resolution, and representation) based on the spatial distribution of a variable of interest. Coverage is the fraction of information that a network can provide about a variable when some areas are not monitored. Resolution is the information available from the network relative to the maximum information possible given the number of sites in the network. Representation is the information that a network provides about a benchmark distribution of a variable. Information is defined using Shannon entropy where the spatial discretization of a variable among spatial elements of a landscape or sites in a network indicates the uncertainty in the spatial distribution of the variable. This approach supports the design of networks for monitoring of variables with heterogeneous spatial distributions (“hot spots” and patches) that might otherwise be unmonitored because they occupy insignificant portions of the landscape. Areas where monitoring will maintain or improve the metrics serve as objective priorities for public interests in network design. The approach is demonstrated for the streamflow monitoring network operated by the United States Geological Survey during water year 2020 indicating gaps in the coverage of coastal rivers and the resolution of low flows.
Long run non-linearity in CO2 emissions: the I(2) cointegration model and the environmental Kuznets curve
Authors: Kivedal Bjørnar Karlsen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractI utilize the I(2) cointegration model to assess the empirical relevance of the environmental Kuznets curve for CO2 emissions in the US between 1960 and 2014. This takes the non-linearity of CO2 emissions into account by directly incorporating data that are integrated of order two, I(2). As a result, it enables an extensive dynamic analysis of the relationship between emissions and economic growth, as postulated by the environmental Kuznets curve both in the short, medium, and long run. The results indicate that the primary drivers behind the non-linear shape of US CO2 emissions in the long run are an increase in emissions caused by energy use and a decrease caused by more trade and the utilization of less polluting energy sources. GDP only exhibits short run effects. Hence, I do not find evidence in favor of a long-run relationship between economic development and the concave shape of emissions, as suggested by the environmental Kuznets curve.
Influencing factors on women in connection with engineering in New Zealand: a triad of lenses
Authors: Fox-Turnbull Wendy H. , Moridnejad Maryam , Docherty Paul D. , Cooper Josy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is a considerable lack of women in the engineering disciplines at tertiary level in New Zealand. This is an economic issue because innovation and creativity in engineering are supported by diversity which directly and indirectly supports the New Zealand economy. Improving diversity in engineering will also improve equity. Literature suggests that parents, teachers, students’ self-perception, their beliefs, and stereotypical views influence girls’ career selection. Despite the vast number of studies in the international literature regarding the influencing factors on women’s career selection in engineering, this comprehensive study for the first time investigates the factors that contribute to women’s interest in studying engineering in New Zealand. The researchers explored these influencing factors from three lenses; future teachers of children aged 11–13 years, current engineering students and high school students. They found that participants held very strong stereotypical views about engineers, that barriers to selection of engineering pathway for females included a lack of career and subject choice guidance available to students at school, lack of promotion of the profession, and society’s perception of engineers as being masculine. It also found that experiences throughout their lives can steer girls away from a career in engineering.
Biomasonry products from macroalgae: A design driven approach to developing biomaterials for carbon storage
Authors: Scardifield Kate , McLean Nahum , Kuzhiumparambil Unnikrishnan , Ralph Peter J. , Neveux Nicolas , Isaac Geoff , Schork Tim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLowering the embodied carbon of building materials requires a transition away from fossil derived products towards bio-based alternatives, alongside the design and development of new clean tech biomaterials that can function as carbon sinks. This paper presents an overview of historical and existing uses of seaweeds in construction to identify gaps and opportunities for the development of seaweed-based construction materials that can support atmospheric carbon removal through algal photosynthesis. This study highlights the value of interdisciplinary research collaborations that can be situated within the expanding field of biodesign where design research and methods are used to influence the development materials science. It presents as a case study the design of seaweed bricks utilising a biorefinery framework that aims to valorise residual seaweed biomass being grown for waste-water management, identifying value-adding opportunities for this seaweed by-product and new possibilities for carbon storage in the built environment. It details the development of a 1:1 scale prototype for the purposes of an exhibition at the Art Gallery of South Australia in order to demonstrate what biomasonry products from macroalgae can look like, to build social acceptance and to encourage future uptake of sustainable seaweed construction products.
Characterization of durability and reconnection patterns at time of repeat ablation after single-shot pulsed field pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Ruwald Martin H. , Haugdal Martin , Worck Rene , Johannessen Arne , Hansen Morten Lock , Sørensen Samuel K. , Hansen Jim 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a novel method of cardiac ablation where there is insufficient knowledge on the durability and reconnection patterns after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). The aim of this study was to characterize the electrophysiological findings at time of repeat procedure in real-world atrial fibrillation (AF) patients.

Methods
Patients who underwent a repeat procedure (n=26) for symptomatic recurrent arrhythmias after index first-time treatment with single-shot PFA PVI (n=266) from July 2021 to June 2023 were investigated with 3D high-density mapping and ad-hoc re-ablation by radiofrequency or focal PFA.

Results
Index indication for PVI was persistent AF in 17 (65%) patients. The mean time to repeat procedure was 292 ± 119 days. Of the 26 patients (104 veins), complete durable PVI was observed in 11/26 (42%) with a durable vein isolation rate of 72/104 (69%). Two patients (8%) had all four veins reconnected. The posterior wall was durably isolated in 4/5 (80%) of the cases. The predominant arrhythmia mechanism was AF in 17/26 (65%) patients and regular atrial tachycardia (AT) in 9/26 (35%). Reconnection was observed 9/26 (35%) in right superior, 11/26 (42%) in right inferior, 7/26 (27%) in left superior, 5/26 (19%) in left inferior, p=0.31 between veins. The gaps were significantly clustered in the right-sided anterior carina compared to other regions (P=0.009).

Conclusions
Durable PVI was observed in less than half of the patients at time of repeat procedure. No significant difference in PV reconnection pattern was observed, but the gap location was preferentially located at the anterior aspects of the right-sided PVs. Predominant recurrence was AF. More data is needed to establish lesion formation and durability and AT circuits after PFA.
Indigenous forest edges increase habitat complexity and refuge opportunities for grassland butterflies
Authors: Gaigher René , Pryke James S. , Samways Michael J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHeterogeneity at local and landscape scales can promote insect diversity and moderate insect declines that stem from global change. Determining how species respond to different landscape components provides insight into the role of heterogeneity in landscapes undergoing change. We examine how indigenous forest-grassland edges are used by butterflies. We assessed butterfly diversity and behaviour at forest edges and adjoining grassland, and tested whether these patterns are influenced by differing weather conditions between seasons. Forest edges supported a species rich butterfly assemblage. Forest specialists were more diverse at forest edges than in grassland, whereas grassland specialists and habitat generalists were as diverse at forest edges as in grassland. All butterfly groups showed more inter- and intra-specific interactions and more patrolling behaviour at forest edges, but more feeding and transient behaviour in grassland. Occurrence and behavioural patterns were not mediated by season, suggesting that the influence of forests does not change with varying environmental conditions. Nonetheless, certain species preferentially utilized forest edges in the hot and windy season, indicating that shelter provided by forest edges influences butterfly habitat use. We found no evidence that complementary nectar sources influence butterfly distribution patterns.Implications for insect conservation: The diverse butterfly assemblages and range of behaviours supported by indigenous forest edges indicate that forest patches are an important habitat component for butterflies. Conserving forest patches in these coastal grasslands may help buffer butterfly populations against global change.