bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Rehabilitation in Spine Tumors
Authors: Ruppert Lisa , de Vries Kristen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPrimary and metastatic spine tumors can lead to devastating complications, but timely and careful management of these patients can improve outcomes. A multidisciplinary and structured approach is the most effective way to evaluate patients with spine disease and mitigate the risk of complications. The neurologic, oncologic, mechanical and systemic disease framework gives comprehensive guidance to providers regarding appropriate management. Physiatrists play a critical role in these patients’ initial evaluation and continued management throughout cancer treatment. Patients with spinal cord involvement have extensive needs, requiring an individualized management approach. Even though patients with nontraumatic spinal cord injury benefit from rehabilitation efforts and have improved outcomes, they are not routinely admitted to inpatient rehabilitation units or referred to outpatient cancer rehabilitation. Ongoing efforts are needed to promote rehabilitation medicine involvement in improving functional outcomes and quality of life for patients with spine involvement.
Predicting Recovery of Independent Walking After Stroke
Authors: Wouda Natasja Charon , Knijff Brenda , Punt Michiel , Visser-Meily Johanna Maria Augusta , Pisters Martijn Frits 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Patients recovering from a stroke experience reduced participation, especially when they are limited in daily activities involving walking. Understanding the recovery of independent walking, can be used by clinicians in the decision-making process during rehabilitation, resulting in more personalized stroke rehabilitation. Therefore, it is necessary to gain insight in predicting the recovery of independent walking in patients after stroke. This systematic review provided an overview of current evidence about prognostic models and its performance to predict recovery of independent walking after stroke. Therefore, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Embase were searched for all relevant studies in English and Dutch. Descriptive statistics, study methods, and model performance were extracted and divided into two categories: subacute phase and chronic phase. This resulted in 16 articles that fulfilled all the search criteria, which included 30 prognostic models. Six prognostic models showed an excellent performance (area under the curve value and/or overall accuracy ≥0.90). The model of Smith et al. (2017) showed highest overall accuracy (100%) in predicting independent walking in the subacute phase after stroke (Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2017;31(10–11):955–64.). Recovery of independent walking can be predicted in the subacute and chronic phase after stroke. However, proper external validation and the applicability in clinical practice of identified prognostic models are still lacking.
Sport-Related Concussion in Para Athletes
Authors: Smetana Racheal M. , Kaplan Danielle T. , Magill Robbie T. , Denton Andrea H. , Ahmed Osman Hassan , Broshek Donna K. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Although research on sport-related concussion has grown substantially in the last decade, research on concussion in para sports remains limited. The aim of this scoping review is to synthesize and describe the current literature on the incidence, assessment, and management of sport-related concussion in para athletes. The literature search was conducted in CINAHL, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases and identified 22 studies that addressed one of our research questions. A majority of studies addressed concussion in elite athletes; youth and collegiate para athletes were largely underrepresented. Fewer studies addressed concussion assessment and management, in part due to limitations in accessibility of current assessment tools for athletes with varying disabilities. Moving forward, there is a need to capture a larger range of incidence data, create modified assessment tools with para-specific normative data, and develop risk prevention strategies for para athletes.
Evaluation of Electric and Air-Powered Shopping Scooters in Grocery Stores
Authors: Daveler Brandon J. , Gebrosky Benjamin , Eckstein Ian J. , Grindle Garrett G. , Cooper Rosemarie , Cooper Rory A. 
Published: February 2024

Objective
The purpose of this study was to further previous research and gather additional information regarding the usage of motorized shopping scooters as well as feedback for improvements to an air-powered scooter.

Methods
Online surveys were used to assess individuals’ shopping characteristics and experience using the motorized scooters and to gather feedback from store employees regarding their experience. K-Means clustering analysis was used to determine user demographics who chose to use the air-powered scooter versus the electric-powered scooter while shopping.

Results
A total of 127 individuals provided informed consent, 65 individuals from site 1 and 62 individuals from site 2. One hundred twenty participants met the inclusion criteria and completed the survey. K-Means clustering found that age, type of personal mobility device, shopping bill total, and frequency using a motorized shopping scooter to be significant factors in whether individuals chose to use an air-powered scooter or electric-powered scooter.

Conclusions
Motorized shopping scooters are in high demand and used by a wide variety of individuals, yet electric-powered scooters are commonly unavailable because of having dead batteries or all the devices being in use. Air-powered scooters may serve as a practical replacement for the current electric-powered scooters found in grocery and retail stores.
Educating Families of Brain Injury Patients During Acute Rehabilitation
Authors: Zhou Yi , Jou Stacey , Altonji Kathryn A. , Petrosyan Hayk , Lin Lei , Greenwald Brian D. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Lack of information is cited as a source of distress for caregivers of patients with brain injury during the recovery process. This is a quality improvement project with the purpose of educating family members of brain injury patients about acute inpatient rehabilitation and providing a reliable source of information through the Model Systems Knowledge Translation Center Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Factsheets. The study was conducted in the brain injury unit of an acute inpatient rehabilitation facility and a total of 32 family members participated in the study. Educational sessions were provided verbally by phone based on the Model Systems Knowledge Translation Center–Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems “Traumatic Brain Injury and Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation” Factsheet. Surveys with five confidence statements and Likert scale–graded responses were verbally administered by phone immediately before and after each educational session to evaluate for understanding. There was a statistically significant increase in confidence for all five confidence statements when comparing pre- and posteducation responses (P < 0.05, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). This quality improvement project thereby presents an effective and feasible framework for teaching, improving communication, and providing valuable information to families early in the brain injury rehabilitation course.
Cutaneous targets for topical pain medications in patients with neuropathic pain: individual differential expression of biomarkers supports the need for personalized medicine
Authors: Albrecht Phillip J. , Liu Yi , Houk George , Ruggiero Beth , Banov Daniel , Dockum Marilyn , Day A.J. , Rice Frank L. , Bassani Gus 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Numerous potential cutaneous targets exist for treating chronic pain with topically applied active pharmaceutical ingredients. This preliminary human skin tissue investigation was undertaken to characterize several key biomarkers in keratinocytes and provide proof-of-principle data to support clinical development of topical compounded formulations for peripheral neuropathic pain syndromes, such as postherpetic neuralgia (PHN).

Objectives:
The study intended to identify objective biomarkers in PHN skin on a patient-by-patient personalized medicine platform. The totality of biopsy biomarker data can provide a tissue basis for directing individualized compounded topical preparations to optimize treatment efficacy.

Methods:
Referencing 5 of the most common actives used in topical pain relief formulations (ketamine, gabapentin, clonidine, baclofen, and lidocaine), and 3 well-established cutaneous mediators (ie, neuropeptides, cannabinoids, and vanilloids), comprehensive immunolabeling was used to quantify receptor biomarkers in skin biopsy samples taken from ipsilateral (pain) and contralateral (nonpain) dermatomes of patients with PHN.

Results:
Epidermal keratinocyte labeling patterns were significantly different among the cohort for each biomarker, consistent with potential mechanisms of action among keratinocytes. Importantly, the total biomarker panel indicates that the enriched PHN cohort contains distinct subgroups.

Conclusion:
The heterogeneity of the cohort differences may explain studies that have not shown statistical group benefit from topically administered compounded therapies. Rather, the essential need for individual tissue biomarker evaluations is evident, particularly as a means to direct a more accurately targeted topical personalized medicine approach and generate positive clinical results.
Complications of Cartilage Sparing Otoplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Alanazi Hani 
Published: February 2024

Objective:
To study the prevalence of complications in patients who have undergone cartilage sparing otoplasty.

Methods:
On December 26, 2021, the authors searched 8 databases using the search term “(otoplasty) AND (cartilage sparing OR cartilage sparing)” for collecting the most appropriate studies. The authors used R software version 4.1.2 for conducting the meta-analysis.

Results:
Of the 414 records screened, the authors included 14 studies. Recurrence/reoperation was the most common reported complication with a prevalence of 4.27% (95% CI: 2.93–6.22), followed by suture erosion 2.46% (95% CI: 0.86–7.07) and hematoma/hemorrhage 1.34% (95% CI: 0.79–2.27). The authors did not find any significant difference between cartilage sparing and cartilage scoring in terms of recurrence/reoperation [odds ratio (OR): 0.92; 95% CI: 0.53–1.60; P = 0.766], hematoma/hemorrhage (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.28–7.01; P = 0.688), and wound infection (OR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.06–2.24; P = 0.279).

Conclusion:
Various complications have been reported, including recurrence and reoperation, hematoma, wound infections, suture erosions, keloid formation, and skin necrosis. However, the prevalence of these events is not high, although significant heterogeneity was reported for some outcomes. Therefore, it can be concluded that cartilage sparing otoplasty is a safe and reproducible technique.
A Study on the Effectiveness of Helmet Therapy for Cranial Deformations According to Cranial Shape
Authors: Cho Hyun Geun , Ryu Jeong Yeop , Lee Joon Seok , Yang Jung Dug , Chung Ho Yun , Choi Kang Young 
Published: February 2024

Background:
To investigate the effects of helmet therapy on plagiocephaly, according to head circumference, cephalic index (CI), and skull height. Plagiocephaly is a condition in which the skull is congenitally asymmetrical or affected by acquired factors such as compression in the womb or the habit of sleeping on one side. Although there are numerous studies on the effectiveness of helmet therapy for plagiocephaly, research on its effectiveness on skull shape is lacking.

Methods:
We conducted a prospective study on 400 patients who underwent helmet therapy. The infants were enrolled and the therapy was explained to the caregiver when the child had positional plagiocephaly and had a cranial vault asymmetry (CVA) exceeding 10 mm or a CVA index (CVAI) exceeding 3.5%. The CVA and CVAI changes were compared to investigate the effectiveness of helmet therapy according to head circumference, CI, and skull height.

Results:
A significant treatment effect was observed for CI values between 90 and 103. The treatment effect was found to increase with greater skull height. However, no significant difference was observed in the effectiveness of helmet therapy according to head circumference.

Conclusions:
According to the findings, the effectiveness of helmet therapy in children with positional plagiocephaly is greater for children with higher skulls and for those with CI values between 90 and 103; it is unrelated to head circumference. Based on these results, we can provide predictions of the effectiveness of helmet therapy to caregivers of children with positional plagiocephaly.
Anthropometric analysis of the faces of Chinese beauty pageant winners, from the early 20th century to the present
Authors: Jung Sung Gyun , Wu Xiajing , Hwang Kun , Han Seung-Ho 
Published: February 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the aesthetic characteristics of Chinese beauty through an anthropometric analysis of beauty pageant winners from 1952 to 2021. Photographs from 5 renowned Chinese beauty pageants (Miss World Pageant, Miss Earth Pageant, Miss Universe Pageant, Miss International Pageant, and Miss Chinese Cosmos Pageant) were gathered and a total of 294 frontal and 31 lateral photographs were collected. The photos were divided into 3 time phases: phase I (1952–1977): from the first time when Chinese girls participated in beauty pageants, up until the time of reform and opening; phase II (1978–2002): from reform and opening to the re-opening of the Miss Chinese Cosmos Pageant; phase III (2003–2021): to the present. The horizontal corneal diameter (11.52 mm) was set as the reference value for the frontal face. Among the 35 anthropometric items of frontal faces (26 distances and 9 angles) and 41 anthropometric items of lateral faces (33 distances and 8 angles), 21 anthropometric items (16 distances and 5 angles) and 8 proportional indices of frontal faces showed significant differences. On lateral pictures, 2 angles showed significant differences among the 3 phases. Regarding the anthropometric measurements that decreased across the 3 phases, the width of the face, midface, and lower face exhibited the greatest changes. The lower face width showed the most striking changes, with a decrease from 128.5 to 112.0 mm. The quadratic regression revealed a significant turning point after 1978, coinciding with the period of Chinese reform and opening, which had a profound impact on aesthetics.
Quantitative Analysis of Occipital Artery Bypass Donor Vessels by Ultrasonography and DSA
Authors: Huang Li-tian , Liu Zhuo-yang , Tong Xiaoguang 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Occipital artery (OA) acts as a vital donor vessel in intra-cranialand extra-cranial bypass. Ultrasonography and digital subtracted angiography (DSA) are becoming increasingly important in the assessment of vascular morphology and hemodynamically; however, quantitative analysis of occipital artery bypass donor vessels by Ultrasonography and DSA are seldom discussed.

Methods:
A retrospective study involving 62 cases accepted occipital artery bypass to treat posterior circulation aneurysms or artery occlusion/stenosis. The characteristics of OA are collected and analyzed.

Results:
Occipital artery bypasses were performed to treat posterior circulation aneurysms in 34 patients and to treat posterior circulation artery occlusion or stenosis in 28 patients. Compared with the ultrasonography group, the DSA group had a greater diameter of OA, and Bland Altman analysis indicated that the discrepancy between the 2 groups was about 0.555 mm. Ultrasonography showed the characteristics of OA: the mean Peak Systolic Velocity (PSV) was 42.98 cm/s, the mean End Diastolic Velocity (EDV) was 8.811 cm/s, and the mean Resistance Index (RI) was 1.46. There were no statistical differences in the diameter of OA, PSV, EDV, and RI between the male group and female group, the elderly group and younger adult group or the left occipital artery group and right occipital artery group. However, compared with patients with posterior circulation aneurysms, patients with artery occlusion or stenosis were older and had higher PSV, RI, and greater diameter in occipital arteries. The mean diameter of occipital arteries was increased in the first postoperative years but reduced in 3 patients during 1 year follow-up.

Conclusions:
Both ultrasonography and DSA were effective assessment methods of occipital artery bypasses, and the DSA group had a greater diameter of OA. Age, gender, and left or right sides had little effect on the diameter of OA, PSV, EDV, and RI. Posterior circulation occlusion or stenosis had higher PSV, RI, and greater diameter of the occipital artery when compared with posterior circulation aneurysms. Occipital artery bypasses could increase the diameter of OA in most cases.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Sylvian Aqueduct Syndrome
Authors: Shao Qiang , Chen Yu Jing , Xiao Kai , Hu Fei , Pan Li , Chen Yang , Xu Hao , Chen Lang 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Sylvian aqueduct syndrome is a rare complication after ventriculoperitoneal (V-P) shunt surgery and is not easily diagnosed.

Methods:
A 26-year-old male with obstructive hydrocephalus due to tectal glioma was treated with a V-P shunt surgery in another hospital. After the surgery, the patient developed an intractable disturbance of consciousness. When the V-P shunt pressure was raised or lowered, the patient’s consciousness disorder still could not be improved. The patient was diagnosed with Sylvian aqueduct syndrome, a rare complication after V-P shunt operation.

Results:
The paper clarifies the treatment experience with simultaneous endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and tectum gliomas biopsy, postoperative pathology suggestive of fibrillary astrocytoma; after surgery, the Sylvian aqueduct syndrome was cured and the patient recovered well.

Conclusions:
The preferred treatment for obstructive hydrocephalus caused by tumors in the Pineal region is the ETV operation. If an ETV operation and biopsy operation are performed simultaneously, more details need to be noted.
SAFE-OPT: A Bayesian optimization algorithm for learning optimal deep brain stimulation parameters with safety constraints
Authors: Cole Eric R. , Connolly Mark J. , Ghetiya Mihir , Sendi Mohammad E. S. , Kashlan Adam , Eggers Thomas E. , Gross Robert E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo treat neurological and psychiatric diseases with deep brain stimulation, a trained clinician must select parameters for each patient by monitoring their symptoms and side-effects in a months-long trial-and-error process, delaying optimal clinical outcomes. Bayesian optimization has been proposed as an efficient method to quickly and automatically search for optimal parameters. However, conventional Bayesian optimization does not account for patient safety and could trigger unwanted or dangerous side-effects. In this study we develop SAFE-OPT, a Bayesian optimization algorithm designed to learn subject-specific safety constraints to avoid potentially harmful stimulation settings during optimization. We prototype and validate SAFE-OPT using a rodent multielectrode stimulation paradigm which causes subject-specific performance deficits in a spatial memory task. We first use data from an initial cohort of subjects to build a simulation where we design the best SAFE-OPT configuration for safe and accurate searchingin silico. We then deploy both SAFE-OPT and conventional Bayesian optimization in new subjectsin vivo, showing that SAFE-OPT can find an optimally high stimulation amplitude that does not harm task performance with comparable sample efficiency to Bayesian optimization and without selecting amplitude values that exceed the subject’s safety threshold. The incorporation of safety constraints will provide a key step for adopting Bayesian optimization in real-world applications of deep brain stimulation.
Diversity in the Utilization of Different Molecular Classes of Dissolved Organic Matter by Heterotrophic Marine Bacteria
Authors: Givati Shira , Forchielli Elena , Aharonovich Dikla , Barak Noga , Weissberg Osnat , Belkin Natalia , Rahav Eyal , Segrè Daniel , Sher Daniel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHeterotrophic marine bacteria utilize and recycle dissolved organic matter (DOM), impacting biogeochemical cycles. It is currently unclear to what extent distinct DOM components can be utilized by different heterotrophic clades. Here, we ask how a natural microbial community from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea responds to different molecular classes of DOM. These molecular classes - peptides, amino acids, amino sugars, disaccharides, monosaccharides and organic acids - together comprise much of the biomass of living organisms, released upon their death as DOM. Bulk bacterial activity increased after 24-hours for all treatments relative to the control, while glucose and ATP uptake decreased or remained unchanged. The relative abundance of several bacterial families, assessed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, increased in some treatments: peptides promoted an increase inPseudoalteromonadaceae, disaccharides promoted bothPseudoalteromonadaceaeandAlteromonadaceae, and most other treatments were dominated byVibrionaceae. While some results were consistent with recent laboratory-based studies, for examplePseudoalteromonadaceaefavoring peptides, other clades behaved differently.Alteromonadaceae, for example, grew well in the lab on many substrates but dominated in seawater samples when disaccharides were added. These results highlight the diversity in DOM utilization among heterotrophic bacteria and complexities in the response of natural communities.ImportanceThe marine DOM pool contains numerous molecular classes, which change depending on the phytoplankton species, environmental conditions and interactions with other microbes, viruses and predators. In turn, the availability of these macromolecular pools affects the composition and function of the whole microbial community. Tracing the path between different carbon sources to specific microbes is another step towards revealing the dynamic interaction between bacteria and the DOM pool. This is especially important in warm and oligotrophic marine systems (e.g., Eastern Mediterranean Sea) where nutrients are scarce and may therefore affect microbial activity and growth.
UHRF1 ubiquitin ligase activity supports the maintenance of low-density CpG methylation
Authors: Tiedemann Rochelle L. , Hrit Joel , Du Qian , Wiseman Ashley K. , Eden Hope E. , Dickson Bradley M. , Kong Xiangqian , Chomiak Alison A. , Vaughan Robert M. , Hebert Jakob M. , David Yael , Zhou Wanding , Baylin Stephen B. , Jones Peter A. , Clark Susan J. , Rothbart Scott B. 
Published: February 2024

SUMMARYThe RING E3 ubiquitin ligase UHRF1 is an established cofactor for DNA methylation inheritance. Nucleosomal engagement through histone and DNA interactions directs UHRF1 ubiquitin ligase activity toward lysines on histone H3 tails, creating binding sites for DNMT1 through ubiquitin interacting motifs (UIM1 and UIM2). Here, we profile contributions of UHRF1 and DNMT1 to genome-wide DNA methylation inheritance and dissect specific roles for ubiquitin signaling in this process. We reveal DNA methylation maintenance at low-density CpGs is vulnerable to disruption of UHRF1 ubiquitin ligase activity and DNMT1 ubiquitin reading activity through UIM1. Hypomethylation of low-density CpGs in this manner induces formation of partially methylated domains (PMD), a methylation signature observed across human cancers. Furthermore, disrupting DNMT1 UIM2 function abolishes DNA methylation maintenance. Collectively, we show DNMT1-dependent DNA methylation inheritance is a ubiquitin-regulated process and suggest a disrupted UHRF1-DNMT1 ubiquitin signaling axis contributes to the development of PMDs in human cancers.