bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A blast from the past: Understanding stem cell specification in plant roots using laser ablation
Authors: Smet Wouter , Blilou Ikram 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the Arabidopsis root, growth is sustained by the meristem. Signalling from organiser cells, also termed the quiescent centre (QC), is essential for the maintenance and replenishment of the stem cells. Here, we highlight three publications from the founder of the concept of the stem cell niche in Arabidopsis and a pioneer in unravelling regulatory modules governing stem cell specification and maintenance, as well as tissue patterning in the root meristem: Ben Scheres. His research has tremendously impacted the plant field. We have selected three publications from the Scheres legacy, which can be considered a breakthrough in the field of plant developmental biology. van den Berg et al. (1995) and van den Berg et al. (1997) uncovered that positional information-directed patterning. Sabatini et al. (1999), discovered that auxin maxima determine tissue patterning and polarity. We describe how simple but elegant experimental designs have provided the foundation of our current understanding of the functioning of the root meristem.
The weight, urine colour and thirst Venn diagram is an accurate tool compared with urinary and blood markers for hydration assessment at morning and afternoon timepoints in euhydrated and free-living individuals
Authors: Keefe Marcos S. , Luk Hui-Ying , Rolloque Jan-Joseph S. , Jiwan Nigel C. , McCollum Tyler B. , Sekiguchi Yasuki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe weight, urine colour and thirst (WUT) Venn diagram is a practical hydration assessment tool; however, it has only been investigated during first-morning. This study investigated accuracy of the WUT Venn diagram at morning and afternoon timepoints compared with blood and urine markers. Twelve men (21 ± 2 years; 81·0 ± 15·9 kg) and twelve women (22 ± 3 years; 68·8 ± 15·2 kg) completed the study. Body mass, urine colour, urine specific gravity (USG), urine osmolality (UOSM), thirst and plasma osmolality (POSM) were collected at first-morning and afternoon for 3 consecutive days in free-living (FL) and euhydrated states. Number of markers indicating dehydration levels were categorised into either 3, 2, 1 or 0 WUT markers. Receiver operating characteristics analysis calculated the sensitivity and specificity of 1, 2 or 3 hydration markers in detecting dehydration or euhydration. Specificity values across morning and afternoon exhibited high diagnostic accuracy for USG (0·890–1·000), UOSM (0·869–1·000) and POSM (0·787–0·990) when 2 and 3 WUT markers were met. Sensitivity values across both timepoints exhibited high diagnostic accuracy for USG (0·826–0·941) and UOSM (0·826–0·941), but not POSM in the afternoon (0·324) when 0 and 1 WUT markers were met. The WUT Venn diagram is accurate in detecting dehydration for WUT2 and WUT3 based off USG, UOSM and POSM during first-morning and afternoon. Applied medical, sport and occupational practitioners can use this tool in field settings for hydration assessment not only at various timepoints throughout the day but also in FL individuals.
The family burden of paediatric heart disease during the chronic phase of illness
Authors: Hummel Kevin , Ludomirsky Avital , Burgunder Lauren , Lu Minmin , Goldberg Sarah , Sleeper Lynn , Reichman Jeffrey , Blume Elizabeth D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground:CHD is a lifelong condition with a significant burden of disease to patients and families. With increased survival, attention has shifted to longer-term outcomes, with a focus on social determinants of health. Among children with CHD, socioeconomic status is associated with disparities in outcomes. Household material hardship is a concrete measure of poverty and may serve as an intervenable measure of socioeconomic status.Methods:A longitudinal survey study was conducted at multiple time points (at acute hospitalisation, then 12–24 months later in the chronic phase) to determine the prevalence of household material hardship among parents of children with advanced heart disease and quality of life during long-term follow-up.Results:The analytic cohort was 160 children with a median patient age of 1 year (IQR 1,4) with 54% of patients <2 years. During acute hospitalisation, over one-third of families reported household material hardship (37%), with significantly lower household material hardship in the chronic phase at 16% (N = 9 of 52). For parents reporting household material hardship during acute hospitalisation, 50% had resolution of household material hardship by the chronic phase. Household material hardship-exposed children were significantly more likely to be publicly insured (56% versus 20%, p = 0.03) with lower quality of life than those without household material hardship (64% versus 82%, p = 0.013).Conclusion:The burden of heart disease during the chronic phase of illness is high. Household material hardship may serve as a target to ensure equity in the care and outcomes of CHD patients and their families.
Measurements and Modeling of Pore‐Pressure Gradients in the Swash Zone Under Large‐Scale Laboratory Bichromatic Waves
Authors: Kranenborg J. W. M. , Pauli T. , Jacobsen N. G. , van der Werf J. J. , Dionisio Antonio S. , Campmans G. H. P. , Reniers A. J. H. M. , Hulscher S. J. M. H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe present work presents physical laboratory measurements of surface elevation and pore water pressures in a fine sand bed under bichromatic waves in a large‐scale laboratory experiment. This was done at three cross‐shore locations in the swash zone, with pressures being measured at different depths in the bed. The measurements show that the pore pressure signal decays and shifts with increased depth. These measurements are used to validate a practical model, based on the theory of Yamamoto et al. (1978, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112078003006) and Guest and Hay (2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012257). The model corresponds well with the measurements (nRMSE < 0.2 and R2 > 0.95 for most probes) and shows that a frequency‐based model can reproduce the pressures in the bed, despite the bed being exposed during dry periods. Furthermore, the model provides the opportunity to calculate pressure gradients, both throughout the bed and at the bed surface. These modeled pressure gradients at the bed surface show that the vertical pressure gradient can have an important impact on the Shields parameter, thereby influencing sediment transport.
Evaluating the Water Cycle Over CONUS at the Watershed Scale for the Energy Exascale Earth System Model Version 1 (E3SMv1) Across Resolutions
Authors: Harrop Bryce E. , Balaguru Karthik , Golaz Jean‐Christophe , Leung L. Ruby , Mahajan Salil , Rhoades Alan M. , Ullrich Paul A. , Zhang Chengzhu , Zheng Xue , Zhou Tian , Caldwell Peter M. , Keen Noel D. , Mametjanov Azamat 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe water cycle is an important component of the earth system and it plays a key role in many facets of society, including energy production, agriculture, and human health and safety. In this study, the Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 1 (E3SMv1) is run with low‐resolution (roughly 110 km) and high‐resolution (roughly 25 km) configurations—as established by the High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project protocol—to evaluate the atmospheric and terrestrial water budgets over the conterminous United States (CONUS) at the large watershed scale. The warm season water cycle slows down in the HR experiment relative to the LR, with decreasing fluxes of precipitation, evapotranspiration, atmospheric moisture convergence, and runoff. The reductions in these terms exacerbate biases for some watersheds, while reducing them in others. For example, precipitation biases are exacerbated at HR over the Eastern and Central CONUS watersheds, while precipitation biases are reduced at HR over the Western CONUS watersheds. The most pronounced changes with resolution to the water cycle come from reductions in precipitation and evapotranspiration. The reduction in evapotranspiration reduces the biases across nearly all of the CONUS. Additional exploratory metrics show improvements to water cycle extremes (both in precipitation and streamflow), fractional contributions of different storm types to total precipitation, and mountain snowpack.
Coseismic Frictional Heating With Concomitant Hydrothermal Fluid Circulation Revealed by Rock Magnetic Properties of Fault Rocks From the Rupture of the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, China
Authors: Yan Xiuli , Zhang Bo , Wang Guodong , Yang Tao , Chen Jianye 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCoseismic frictional heating and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation play an essential role in the dynamic weakening of seismic faults. However, temperature rise induced by frictional heating during an earthquake is still difficult to constrain. Magnetic properties of fault rocks convey abundant information on faulting processes. In this study, detailed rock magnetic measurements in combination with electron microscopic observations are conducted on fault rocks and protoliths from the Shaba outcrop (Beichuan County) on the Yingxiu‐Beichuan Fault ruptured during the 2008 Wenchuan Mw 7.9 earthquake. Results show that protoliths and the majority of fault rocks are dominated by paramagnetic pyrite and/or Fe‐bearing clay minerals; in contrast, the presence of pyrrhotite and goethite is confined to the fault gouges just next to the principal slip surface. Pyrrhotite is a product of pyrite alteration at high temperatures (>500°C) induced by seismic frictional heating during earthquake slip. Meanwhile, the goethite implies the presence of coseismic hot fluids within the fault zone. All these observations strongly suggest the occurrence of thermal pressurization as a plausible mechanism of coseismic fault weakening during the Wenchuan earthquake.
Impact of Convective Parameterizations on Atmospheric Mesoscale Kinetic Energy Spectra in Global High‐Resolution Simulations
Authors: Li Zongheng , Peng Jun , Zhang Lifeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe responses of atmospheric kinetic energy (KE) spectra to three convective parameterizations (CPs) in global high‐resolution simulations are revealed. The results show that the KE spectra exhibit high sensitivity to the CPs, mainly at mesoscales in the middle and upper troposphere. The New Tiedtke scheme produces the steepest mesoscale slope, followed by the Kain‐Fritsch scheme and then the Grell‐Freitas scheme. In general, there is a compensating relationship between latent heat released by the CP and microphysics parameterization (MP). The less latent heat released by the CP is compensated by the more latent heat released by the MP. The shallowest mesoscale spectra for the Grell‐Freitas scheme are related to the strongest downscale cascade dominated by the rotational component of the flow, and this is attributed to more latent heat released from MP enhancing the intensity of vorticity in the troposphere and producing more gravity wave activities in the lower stratosphere.
Tracking River's Pulse From Space: A Global Analysis of River Stage Fluctuations
Authors: Zhao Yanan , Jiang Liguang , Zhang Xingxing , Liu Junguo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRiver stage fluctuation (RSF) is one of the most important factors influencing the physical, chemical, and ecological aspects of rivers. Despite widespread interest in river stage variations, there is currently no global benchmark of RSF and their spatial patterns. Our understanding of these characteristics remains limited. We used Sentinel‐3 altimetry data to establish a benchmark data set for RSF in wide rivers (width >1 km). We conducted an initial investigation of the spatial patterns and inter‐annual variability associated with RSF. The results show a wide range of fluctuation amplitudes spanning from a mere 1 to 18 m. Notably, rivers in semi‐arid regions exhibit more pronounced fluctuations. Further analyses indicate that human activities play a significant role in RSF. The results are of substantial interest to the scientific community, as they are closely linked to critical hydrological processes, including floods, river‐floodplain dynamics, river‐groundwater interaction, greenhouse gas emissions, and river restoration.
Assessment of the Dutch Healthy Diet index 2015 in the Lifelines cohort study at baseline
Authors: Baart A. Mireille , Brouwer-Brolsma Elske M. , de Jong Hanne B. T. , de Vries Jeanne H. M. , Feskens Edith J. M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Dietary indices are useful measures to investigate associations between dietary intake and disease development. The Dutch Healthy Diet index 2015 (DHD2015-index), a measure of diet quality, assesses adherence to the 2015 Dutch dietary guidelines. We assessed the DHD2015-index in the Lifelines cohort study, and compared calculations from basic and detailed dietary intake data. This article replaces the retracted article that was published on 16 May 2022 [1].

Methods
Dietary intake was assessed with a specially developed Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) called Flower-FFQ, which consists of one main questionnaire (heart-FFQ), which asks for intakes of major food groups, and three complementary questionnaires (petal-FFQs), which ask for detailed information on food types within major food groups of the heart-FFQ. The DHD2015-index was assessed using data from the total Flower-FFQ (for 56,982 participants), and using data from the heart-FFQ only (for 129,030 participants). Agreement between the two indices was assessed with correlation and cross-classification.

Results
The median (25th–75th percentile) DHD2015-index score was 75 (65–85) for men and 81 (70–91) for women based on the Flower-FFQ, and 68 (58–77) for men and 73 (63–82) for women based on the heart-FFQ. The Kendall’s tau-b correlation coefficient between the two scores was 0.67 for men and 0.66 for women. Cross-classification into quartiles of the DHD2015-index showed that 59–60% of participants were classified in the same quartile, 36–37% in the adjacent, and 4% in the non-adjacent.

Conclusion
Dietary data from the Flower-FFQ provide the most optimal information to assess the DHD2015-index. However, the DHD2015-index from the heart-FFQ showed good agreement with the index from the Flower-FFQ of ranking participants according to diet quality, and can be used when the DHD2015 index from the Flower-FFQ is not available.
Pupillometry to show stress release during equine sports massage therapy
Authors: Wild Karen Nicola , Skiba Stephan , Räsänen Suvi , Richter Claus-Peter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAnecdotal reports state that wellness treatments for horses, such as massage therapy, relaxes the treated animal. Massage therapists and horse owners typically report an ”improvement” without verifying or quantifying the treatment results. This paper shows that the effect of wellness treatment and stress release can be measured with pupillometry. One of the horse’s pupils was photographed at the beginning and end of the treatment to determine the changes in the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic system activities. The owners assigned horses to two experimental groups: animals receiving a massage (N = 18) and horses standing with a person next to the horse for the time of a massage in the stable lane (N = 10). Six animals in the experimental group were excluded from the analysis because the pupils could not be traced. We opened the images of the pupil with Fiji (ImageJ) and used the elliptical selection tool to measure the pupils’ and iris’ areas. The ratio between the pupils’ aperture and the iris’ area was a normalized measure for pupil size. At the end of the experiment, we compared the normalized size of the pupils with a two-tailed paired t-test within groups and a two-tailed t-test between groups. For the experimental group, it was before and after the treatment, and for the control group, before and after the horse was placed in the stable lane. Comparisons between the experimental and control groups were made at the procedure's beginning and end. The treatment significantly decreased the normalized pupil area in the experimental group, on average, by a factor of 0.78 ± 0.15 (P = 0.042). For the horses in the control group, the pupil size increased, on average, by a factor of 1.14 ± 018. Changes were statistically not significant (P = 0.19). The initial pupil size of the horses in the experimental group was 1.88 times larger than that in the control group. After the treatment, the difference was reduced to a factor of 1.25. At the beginning of the experiment, the horses in the experimental group had, on average, larger pupil sizes than the horses in the control group, indicating that the horses in the experimental group were more stressed before the treatment than the control animals. The observed changes in pupil size in the experimental group likely resulted from enhanced parasympathetic and diminished sympathetic activity resulting from the treatment. Observed changes in pupil size agree with the anecdotal horse owner reports and the therapist’s treatment notes.
Extreme temperature fluctuations in laboratory models of the mid-latitude atmospheric circulation
Authors: Vincze Miklós , Hancock Cathrine , Harlander Uwe , Rodda Costanza , Speer Kevin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUsing two laboratory-scale conceptual fluid dynamic models of the mid-latitude atmospheric circulation we investigate the statistical properties of pointwise temperature signals obtained in long experiment runs. We explore how the average “equator-to-pole” temperature contrast influences the range and the jump distribution of extreme temperature fluctuations, the ratio of the frequencies of rapid cooling and warming events, and the persistence of “weather” in the set-ups. We find simple combinations of the control parameters—temperature gradient, rotation rate and geometric dimensions–which appear to determine certain scaling properties of these statistics, shedding light on the underlying dynamics of the Rossby wave-related elements of the mid-latitude weather variability.
First feasibility demonstration of GNSS-seismology for anthropogenic earthquakes detection
Authors: Kudłacik Iwona , Kapłon Jan , Kazmierski Kamil , Fortunato Marco , Crespi Mattia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHigh-rate GNSS has been proven effective in characterising waveforms and co-seismic displacements due to medium-to-strong natural earthquakes. No application focused on small magnitude events like shallow anthropogenic earthquakes, where displacements and noise have the same order of magnitude. We propose a procedure based on proper signal detection and filtering of the position and velocity time series obtained from high-rate (10 Hz) GNSS data processing with two intrinsically different approaches (Precise Point Positioning and variometry). We tested it on five mining tremors with magnitudes of 3.4–4.0, looking both at event detection and its kinematic characterisation. Here we show a high agreement, at the level of 1 s, between GNSS and seismic solutions for the earthquake first epoch detection. Also, we show that high-rate multi-constellation (GPS + Galileo) GNSS can reliably characterise low-magnitude shallow earthquakes in terms of induced displacements and velocities, and, including their peak values, respectively, at the level of very few millimetres and 1–2 cm/s, paving the way to the routine use of GNSS-seismology for monitoring human activities prone to cause small earthquakes and related potential damages.
Seismic anisotropy to investigate lithospheric-scale tectonic structures and mantle dynamics in southern Italy
Authors: Scarfì L. , Firetto Carlino M. , Musumeci C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSubduction zones may be characterised by deep-seated tectonic structures whose effects propagate to the upper plate through faulting and magmatism. The overall geodynamic framework, as well as the roots of the many active faults affecting such regions, can be investigated by the study of the upper mantle anisotropic patterns, through the analysis of core-transiting teleseismic phases. Here, we discuss the results of XKS waves splitting observed in the central Mediterranean, particularly in southern Italy, which is characterised by the Adriatic-Ionian subduction system. Azimuths of polarisation of the fast wave (fast directions) were found to be generally trench-parallel, as an effect of the subducting slab, albeit a change to a perpendicular direction, in central Italy and Sicily, suggests discontinuities in the structure of the slab itself. However, while in central Italy a gradual rotation of fast directions points to a toroidal upper mantle flow through a tear in the Apenninic slab, in central-eastern Sicily, the splitting parameters show an abrupt change that matches well with the main crustal tectonic structures. There, the rapid trench migration, taking place at the transition between the subduction and continental collision domains, produced a rather complex Subduction Transform Edge Propagator fault system. The sharp variation in the pattern of the upper mantle anisotropy marks the main element of such a fault system and suggests its primary role in the segmentation process of the collisional margin. Our findings further show that the study of seismic anisotropy may be fundamental in investigating whether tectonic structures only involve the crust or extend down to the upper mantle.
A multivariate decomposition analysis of modern contraceptive utilization among married women in the emerging region of Ethiopia (2000–2019)
Authors: Kebede Natnael , Kefale Bereket , Yigezu Muluken , Ayele Kokeb , Addisu Elsabeth , Tsega Yawkal , Kasaye Mulugeta Desalegn , Wasihun Yitbarek 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEnsuring universal access to family planning services is a proven strategy to improve reproductive health as well as economic development. Assessing the trend and identifying the factors for the change in modern contraceptive utilization is crucial to design effective measures, but trend analysis was not conducted previously. Thus, this study aimed to assess the trend and determinants of modern contraceptive utilization change among married women in emerging regions of Ethiopia. This study used the 2000 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey and the 2019 Ethiopia Min Demographic and Health Survey datasets for analysis. A total of 2555 and 1916 married women in the 2000 and 2019 surveys were included in the analysis, respectively. The data were analyzed using Stata version 17.0. Logit-based decomposition analysis was executed to identify factors for modern contraceptive utilization change. Statistical significance was declared at a P value of less than 0.05. The trend of contraceptive utilization change increased from 6.26% in 2000 to 21.97% in 2019. About  − 65.87% and 165.87% of the change in contraceptive utilization was due to changes in composition and behavior, respectively. The change in composition was due to the change in the composition of women according to religion, educational status, region, and the number of living children. The change in behaviors of not educated women, rural women, Muslim women, and those who resided in the afar region was the source of change in modern contraceptive utilization. Modern contraceptive utilization has increased in the last two decades. The change in modern contraceptive utilization is due to changes in population composition and behavior. Interventions targeting uneducated and rural women are vital to increasing contraceptive utilization. Strategic interventions are also required for the Somali regions of Ethiopia.