bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception, satisfaction, and self-regulation in a blended learning environment during COVID-19 pandemic among health sciences students: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Thapa Naina , Lobo Daisy J. , Pai Radhika R. 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has severely impacted the health status of the people and the education of the students affecting their learning process and performance in examinations. Blended learning (hybrid learning) has evolved as one of the convenient and innovative methods of using technologies with the integration of traditional methods, significantly when face-to-face interaction is compromised. This study aimed to assess perception, satisfaction, and self-regulatory learning behaviors among undergraduate health sciences students.

METHODS AND MATERIAL:
A descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out among 550 undergraduate students. The tools used for data collection were demographic proforma, perception scale, satisfaction questionnaire, and self-regulation learning scale, which were self-report questionnaires. The data were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation and Chi-square test.

RESULTS:
About 378 (68.7%) out of 550 students preferred traditional face-to-face learning before the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas 276 (50.2%) students chose blended learning after the pandemic. About 424 (77.1%) perceived blended learning positively, 267 (48.5%) were moderately satisfied, and 377 (68.5%) of the students had moderate self-regulation in blended learning. The study revealed a strong, positive relationship, between perception (r = 0.817, P < 0.001), satisfaction (r = 0.710, P < 0.001), and self-regulation (r = 0.722, P < 0.001) in the blended mode of learning. Age, course, year of study, and preference of learning mode were significantly associated with perception, satisfaction, and self-regulation in blended learning at P < 0.05. However, perception, satisfaction, and self-regulation among students did not differ according to gender and students' previous exposure to a blended mode of learning at P > 0.05.

CONCLUSIONS:
To implement innovative pedagogical techniques using improvised technological assistance in teaching and learning, building up an effective blended learning environment within every institution is essential.
The effect of virtual reality exposure therapy on focus of attention, self-criticism, and interpretation bias in university students with social anxiety
Authors: Ghasempeyvandi Monir , Torkan Hajar 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:The present research aims to investigate the effectiveness of virtual reality exposure therapy on the focus of attention, self-criticism, and interpretation bias among university students with social anxiety.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The present research was conducted using quasi-experimental research with pre-test and post-test control group design. The participants were university students aged between 10 and 30 years old who had visited Isfahan counseling centers in 1399 HS. Among 53 patients referred to the counseling centers, 30 were randomly selected by convenience sampling and then assigned to an experimental group (15 individuals) and a control group (15 individuals). The experimental group received eight sessions of 30-minute and face-to-face virtual reality-based interventions. In contrast, the control group remained on the waiting list. A structured clinical interview and Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) were used to select and screen students, and the Focus of Attention Questionnaire (FAQ), Levels of Self-Criticism Scale (LOSC), and revised interpretation bias inventory were applied for the pre-test and the post-test. Then, all the data were analyzed by a statistical analysis of covariance.RESULTS:The results showed that virtual reality exposure therapy significantly reduces the symptoms of the focus of attention, self-criticism, and interpretation bias in the experimental group compared to the control group. (P< 0/01).CONCLUSION:The research showed that virtual reality exposure therapy reduced the symptoms of social anxiety. Therefore, this method can be applied to reduce some symptoms of social anxiety in university students.
Comparison of social isolation in autistic children and adolescents according to age, marital status and number of siblings
Authors: Gómez-Campos Rossana , Vidal Espinoza Rubén , Castro-Fuentes Claudia , Flores-Vergara Sebastian , Gálvez-Zurita Julissa , Urra-Albornoz Camilo , De la Torre Choque Christian , Bolaños Marco Cossio 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulties that limit their opportunities to interact with peers and family members. These behaviors can lead to social exclusion, and consequently social isolation. The aim was to compare social isolation of children and adolescents with ASD according to age, marital status, and number of siblings.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Cross-sectional descriptive study in 37 subjects with ASD. Social isolation was assessed using a 6-item scale (with five alternatives). The sociodemographic variables were age, sex, marital status of parents, and number of siblings. Two groups were formed according to age (children from 4 to 10 years old and adolescents from 11 to 20 years old).

RESULTS:
For the total score of the social isolation scale, children showed a higher score (21.1 ± 4.7) than adolescents (17.7 ± 5.7). Children living with divorced parents had lower scores (16.2 ± 3.6), compared to married (22.2 ± 4.5) and cohabiting (22.8) children. For the number of siblings, with no siblings 17.2 ± 3.1 points, one sibling 22.2 ± 3.5 points, two siblings 22.1 ± 3.1 points, and three siblings 22.4 ± 3.2 points (P < 0.05). Age was related to social isolation (r = −0.30, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
Children who live with divorced parents and have no siblings presented a higher degree of isolation in relation to their counterparts who live with both parents and have at least one sibling. Age plays a relevant role, with children aged 4–10 years presenting a lower degree of isolation than the adolescent group. It is suggested that the preservation of a functional family and the presence of siblings could contribute to improving social isolation.
Nurses' perception and self-confidence of family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhofaian Aisha , Almuntashiri Safiah Mesfer , Bamufleh Manar Hisham , Al-Faraj Shimaa Ahmad , Alharbi Salma Abed , Tunsi Afnan , Alaamri Marym M. 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Researchers have investigated the presence of families during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to determine its benefits and barriers and the points of view of healthcare professionals, patients, and families. Family presence during resuscitation (FPDR) is debatable. Many professional health organizations worldwide, such as the Emergency Nurses Association, have suggested that healthcare facilities implement rules and policies that encourage the attendance of families and relatives during CPR. However, this does not consider the nurses' points of view or self-confidence during FPDR. The main aim of this study is to evaluate nurses' perceptions and self-confidence related to family presence during CPR in Saudi Arabia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This descriptive correlation study was conducted between March and April 2022 at King Abdul Aziz University Hospital in Jeddah. A survey was completed by participants to collect their sociodemographic data. The relationship between Family Presence Risk-Benefit Scale (FPS-BS) and the Family Presence Self-Confidence Scale (FPS-CS) was analyzed using Pearson's correlation test.

RESULTS:
The study's participants consisted of 147 nurses. Regarding the FPDR, nurses had a moderately positive perception and level of confidence. Moreover, the level of self-confidence varied significantly by age group and years of experience. The results of the Pearson correlation indicated that there was a significant association between FPS-CS and FPR-BS (r = 0.221, P < .001). When implementing FPDR, nurses who see more benefits from it are more confident.

CONCLUSION:
According to the findings, the nurses who felt more comfortable including patients' families in resuscitation efforts also saw FPDR as having more advantages. FPDR has several effects on the healthcare team providing CPR. Nursing leaders should develop policies for their teams and instruct nurses and other healthcare professionals. Considering the clear benefits of clinical practice and family involvement in resuscitation, it is suggested to give this experience first using simulation and role-playing.
Developing a generic model of program accreditation in Iran
Authors: Jokar Fariba , Yamani Nikoo , Avizhgan Maryam , Changiz Tahere 
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Higher education plays an important role in the development of countries in social, economic, cultural, and scientific aspects. Also, the field of healthcare is changing rapidly, and to provide better care, health professional students need to be trained at a higher level. This situation has placed demands on academic and clinical settings responsible for training professional health students. The main objectives of this research project can be defined as 1 —to investigate important issues of accreditation and assessment process of health professional education worldwide and 2—to design and develop a uniform, transparent, and scientific accreditation framework for health professional programs in Iran.

METHODS AND MATERIAL:
The research methodology for the design of a generic accreditation framework in health professional education is outlined by the following step-by-step (1 to 7) procedure according to the developmental research methodology and three phases considering analysis, development, and evaluation.

RESULTS:
The findings of the analysis phase showed that there is no specific structure and process for accreditation in Iran compared to other countries. The three most common actions of the accreditation include the following: 1. self- assessment, 2. peer-review and site visits, and 3. evaluation and reports. A review of the relevant literature and websites indicate that various assessment frameworks have been developed regionally, as well as internationally, to accredit professional health programs. However, most of these frames seem to be non-uniform, too complex, and non-transparent. In addition to these results, three themes were extracted from the interview analysis, “accreditation barrier,” “theoretical foundation of accreditation,” and “specific structure and process of accreditation” which indicates the need for education at various levels of educational managers and faculty members. Therefore, these issues were taken into consideration in the design of the accreditation framework of health professional educational programs. After two stages of evaluation from the point of view of specialists and experts of the educational secretariats of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, the final version of the program's accreditation framework and policy will be finalized.

CONCLUSION:
In Iran, despite the challenges and valuable activities in different educational secretariats, there was no coherent process that can be considered accreditation. In this study, self-study evaluation guide, external evaluation, standard development, and ethical guide for the programs accreditation were developed. The results of this study can help the educational secretariats of the Health and Medical Education Ministry that is based on the documents developed and operationalize their accreditation process and structure.
Comparison of health care professionals' and laypeople's knowledge, attitudes, and practices on the use of antimicrobial and antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Turankar Tileshkumar B. , Gaidhane Shilpa A. , Gaidhane Abhay M. , Sorte Akshayata G. , Sawale Shantanu R. 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
The discovery of antimicrobials is a pioneering step in health sciences concerning preventive care and early management for infectious diseases. However, with advancements in health sciences, inappropriate knowledge, practices, and over-the-counter medications were often used by the general population in underdeveloped nations like India without thinking about its consequences which leads to the use of antimicrobials excessively or inadequately, which is also a factor for antimicrobial resistance. This quantitative study determines the awareness of healthcare professionals and laypersons about usage and resistance of antimicrobials.

METHODS AND MATERIALS:
Research was carried out in rural tertiary teaching hospital of study participants were 106 nurses, 115 interns, 107 junior residents, and 97 laypersons using a “self-administered WHO questionnaire”. SPSS version 27.0 software was used to analyze the data. The P value cut-off for significance was established at <.05.

RESULTS:
Forty seven percent of nurses and 44% of interns consumed antimicrobials in the last month, more than interns and junior residents. Fourteen percent of interns and 13% of laypersons did not get any prescription for lastly taken antimicrobial. The majority of participants obtain prescribed antimicrobials from medical stores and pharmacies. Fifty five percent of laypersons and 59% of nurses stop taking antimicrobials when they feel better. Only 13% of nurses were aware of the proper indications of antimicrobials for the same illness. Only 22% of respondents know the term superbugs, significantly less than the other key terms related to the antimicrobials. Nurses and laypersons had some misconceptions related to the mechanism of development of antimicrobial resistance.

CONCLUSIONS:
The analysis revealed that a significant lack of knowledge and various misconceptions were primarily seen in the nurses and laypersons. In contrast, medical graduates such as interns and junior residents lacked the right attitude and perspective regarding the use of antimicrobials and their resistance.
Students' happiness and ranking of its dimensions in Mazandaran University of Science and Technology during the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Ghasemi Godarzi Maryam , Aghamirzaee Tahereh , Aqatabar Roudbar Jamileh , Ebrahimpour Soheil 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Happiness and life satisfaction are positive indicators of mental health that should be considered by higher education and health officials. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of happiness and life satisfaction in students of Mazandaran University of Science and Technology during the outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This research is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of nature. The statistical population of this research was 2500 people. A total of 333 samples were selected by stratified random sampling. Data collection was performed using the standard Oxford Happiness Questionnaire and data analysis was performed by Friedman test, mean, and ranking.

RESULTS:
All dimensions of happiness of students of Mazandaran University of Science and Technology at the time of the outbreak of COVID-19 were in a relatively favorable situation. The dimensions of happiness were positive mood (3.57), positive energy (3.56), satisfaction (3.02), self-esteem (2.80), and life satisfaction (2.04). There was a significant difference between the dimensions of happiness and the variables of family income status (students with better financial status had a higher average), field of study (civil engineering students had a higher average), and gender (women had a higher average). No significant difference was found among the variables of marriage, educational level, semester, or rank in terms of several family children, with the dimensions of happiness.

CONCLUSION:
Examining the dimensions of students' happiness during the COVID-19 crisis will help the officials of the higher education system, in addition to planning to maintain the personal health and safety of students and curriculum appropriate to the time of crisis, and implement appropriate programs to maintain and promote the mental health and happiness of students.
Accidents and injuries related to paragliding on mount Babadağ, Turkey
Authors: Karakoyun Ömer Faruk , Golcuk Yalcin 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVES:
In light of the growing popularity of paragliding, this cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of paragliding accidents, providing insights into the types and severity of injuries sustained as well as the body regions most commonly affected.

METHODS:
This cross-sectional retrospective study utilized data on adverse paragliding events on Mount Babadağ in Turkey, collected by the Muğla Sports Tourism Board (STB) between January 2020 and December 2021, with data sources including out-of-hospital STB forms and in-hospital electronic health records.

RESULTS:
Out of 241,420 paragliding flights, a total of 44 accidents were identified, with only three resulting in fatalities. Most of the accidents occurred during take off and landing, but the deadliest phase was during flight. The majority of accidents were of low severity, with a median National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics score of 1 (interquartile range [IQR] 1–3) and a median injury severity score of 1 (IQR 1–7.75). The lower limb was the most commonly injured body part, accounting for 55.8% of injuries, followed by the upper limb at 30.8%.

CONCLUSIONS:
Despite being considered an extreme sport, paragliding carries a relatively low risk of accidents and serious injuries, owing to advancements in training, equipment inspection, and protective gear.
Kedaulatan Negara Dalam Invasi Rusia Ke Ukraina Berdasarkan Hukum Internasional
Authors: Haupea Muhamad Ali Aqsa , Wattimena Josina Augustina Yvonne , Anwar Arman 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Russia's invasion of Ukraine gave rise to mixed opinions in the international community regarding the concept of state sovereignty, both in theory and practice.Purposes of the Research: The regulation of state sovereignty has experienced a conceptual shift according to international law and Russia's invasion of Ukraine has caused a shift in the concept of state sovereignty in international law.Methods of the Research: The research used is normative juridical, using an analytical perspective research type. The legal materials are primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The approaches used are the statutory approach, the conceptual approach and the case approach. The technique for collecting legal materials uses library research which is then analyzed qualitatively to answer the problems being studied.Results of the Research: The research results show that the concept of state sovereignty is experiencing changes and shifts in meaning according to developments over time. The revolutionary changes of the late 18th and 19th centuries gave rise to the concept of sovereignty which included the principle of equality of states and the principle of non-intervention in the internal affairs of other states as one of its important elements. Regarding the causes of Russia's invasion of Ukraine, it was influenced by various factors, including historical, political, economic, security and defense factors, as well as to protect pro-Russian separatist groups who wanted to separate themselves from Ukraine. Russia's invasion of Ukraine did not affect the shift in the concept of sovereignty as currently accepted by the international community in the modern ideology of sovereignty. On a theoretical and practical level, the will of the Russian state has great interests in carrying out actions that threaten peace, or violate peace by launching aggression against Ukraine as a sovereign state. Russia as a party to various international agreements has an obligation to respect international law where state sovereignty and equality between countries are recognized concepts and have become the basis of the international legal system
Tindak Pidana Kawin Ganda Yang Dilakukan Oleh Militer
Authors: Samal Nur Janna , Pasalbessy Jhon Dirk , Supusepa Reimon 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: In Indonesia, it is no longer permitted to marry more than one person, unless the marriage has permission in the form of a local District Court decision.Purposes of the Research: This research aims To review and analyze the basis for the consideration of Military Judges in sentencing TNI members who perform multiple marriages without the permission of legal wives And to review and analyze the application of the Military Criminal Law to TNI members who double marry without the permission of their wives.Methods of the Research: The type of is anormative juridical research, namely a research in the field of law that aims to examine legal principles, legal principles and legal systematics. The legal materials used are primary legal materials, namely binding legal materials and secondary legal materials, namely legal materials that provide an explanation of primary legal materials. The problem approach used in this study is the statutory approach and the conceptual approach.Results of the Research: The results of this study, The application of the Military Criminal Law to TNI members who marry multiple marriages without the permission of a valid wife meets the elements of Article 279 Paragraph (1) to 1 of the Criminal Code declaring marriage or marriages to be a legal obstacle, That based on the consideration of the above considerations, the Panel of Judges stated that the above defendants namely Jufri Lapandewa, Praka NRP 31100265920490, legally and conclusively proven guilty of a criminal offence: "Double marriage". Convict the Defendant therefore with imprisonment: For 6 (six) months.
Konstitusionalitas Pemerintah Adat Suku Nuaulu
Authors: Soumory Patiasa , Pietersz Jemmy Jefry , Sedubun Victor Juzuf 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Customary government in the constitution provides a space where the constitutional rights of every citizen are guaranteed by the state.Purposes of the Research: This research aims To review and the unity of the Nuaulu tribe as a customary law community according to the 1945 Constitution. And analyze and review The implementation of the customary government system of the Nuaulu tribe is a constitutional right of the Nuaulu tribe.Methods of the Research: The type of research is normative legal research. problem approach in this study is a statutory approach, and a case conceptual approach, legal materials are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials, legal materials that have been collected and grouped using a legal approach, then synchronized with legal concepts and principles studied to be analyzed normatively to answer the legal issues studied rely on the approach that used in this study.Results of the Research: The results of this study It is the constitutionality of the customary government of the nuaulu tribe because constitutional rights already exist and are recognized and regulated in accordance with reality within the scope of the nuaulu