bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel superconducting CPW slow‐wave bandpass filter
Authors: Zhou Jiafeng , Hung Dungshing , Lancaster Michael J. , Tiong Hieng , Su  , Xiong Xuming 
Published: October 2002

AbstractA novel slow‐wave half‐wavelength coplanar waveguide (CPW) resonator using high‐Tc superconducting (HTS) films has been studied and used in a new filter topology. The slow‐wave effect is achieved by the capacitively loaded structure with a symmetrical interdigital line loaded on both sides of the central line. The velocity reduction (Vp/c0) of the resonator is about 0.050. A three‐pole Butterworth bandpass filter has been designed and fabricated with the use of the resonator. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 255–259, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10431
Moment‐method analysis of a slot‐coupled circular waveguide orthomode transducer
Authors: Sharma S. B. , Chakrabarty S. B. , Singh V. K. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractAn analysis of a slot‐coupled circular to rectangular waveguide orthomode transducer (OMT) is presented. A set of four coupled integrodifferential equations are obtained from the enforcement of the continuity conditions of tangential magnetic fields at the slot–aperture interfaces. The method of moments, with entire‐domain sinusoidal basis functions and Galerkin testing, is used to solve the coupled‐integral equations, with finite wall thickness taken into account. Mutual coupling between the two aperture slots, which plays a major role in isolating the orthogonal ports, is properly accounted for. Resonant length of the slots and reflection coefficient and coupling between ports are computed. A comparison between the experimental and computed data by the present method as well as HFSS is presented. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 285–289, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10439
Time‐domain CFIE for the analysis of transient scattering from arbitrarily shaped 3D conducting objects
Authors: Jung Baek Ho , Sarkar Tapan Kumar 
Published: October 2002

AbstractA time‐domain combined field integral equation (CFIE) is presented to obtain the transient scattering response from arbitrarily shaped three‐dimensional (3D) conducting bodies. This formulation is based on a linear combination of the time‐domain electric field integral equation (EFIE) with the magnetic field integral equation (MFIE). The time derivative of the magnetic vector potential in EFIE is approximated with the use of a central finite‐difference approximation for the derivative, and the scalar potential is averaged over time. The time‐domain CFIE approach produces results that are accurate and stable when solving for transient scattering responses from conducting objects. The incident spectrum of the field may contain frequency components, which may correspond to the internal resonance of the structure. For the numerical solution, both the explicit and implicit schemes are considered and two different kinds of Gaussian pulses are used, which may or may not contain frequencies corresponding to the internal resonance. Numerical results for the EFIE, MFIE, and CFIE are presented and compared with those obtained from the inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) of the frequency‐domain CFIE solution. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 289–296, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10440
Bovine embryos contain a higher proportion of polyploid cells in the trophectoderm than in the embryonic disc
Authors: Viuff Dorthe , Palsgaard Anne , Rickords Lee , Lawson Lartey G. , Greve Torben , Schmidt Mette , Avery Birthe , Hyttel Poul , Thomsen Preben D. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe frequency of polyploid cells in the embryonic disc (ED) and in the trophectoderm (TE) was assessed in 50 in vitro produced bovine embryos fixed at days 7–8 post insemination (pi) and in 20 in vitro produced embryos that were transferred to uteri of recipients at day 7 and then recovered and fixed at day 12 pi. Separation of TE and ED cells was obtained by microdissection and the frequency of polyploid cells was determined by interphase cytogenetic analysis using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with chromosome 6‐ and chromosome 7‐specific probes. The results show that 96% of day 7 embryos contain polyploid cells in the TE, whereas only 58% contain polyploid cells in the ED. In day 12 embryos 85% of TE and 40% of ED preparations contain polyploid cells. Statistical analysis revealed that the frequency of polyploid cells was significantly higher in the TE than in the ED in embryos containing less than 25% polyploid cells (n = 65). The few embryos (n = 5), which contained more than 25% polyploid cells, did not show this difference. Further, it was revealed that the level of polyploidy on day 7–8 was significantly higher than on day 12, both in the TE (two‐fold) and in the ED (seven‐fold). Mol. Reprod. Dev. 62:483–488, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dynamic oxygen‐enhanced MRI reflects diffusing capacity of the lung
Authors: Ohno Yoshiharu , Hatabu Hiroto , Takenaka Daisuke , Van Cauteren Marc , Fujii Masahiko , Sugimura Kazuro 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of dynamic oxygen‐enhanced MRI in a clinical setting. We hypothesized that dynamic oxygen enhancement can reflect the regional diffusing capacity of the lung. Ten patients with pulmonary emphysema and seven healthy volunteers were examined with a respiratory‐synchronized inversion recovery single‐shot turbo spin‐echo sequence (TR = 3200–5000 ms, TE = 16 ms, TI = 720 ms, ETS = 4 ms) following 100% oxygen inhalation, using a 1.5 T whole‐body scanner. Maximum mean relative enhancement ratios calculated by averaging six defined regions of interest (ROIs) in both lungs were statistically compared between healthy volunteers and patients, and were correlated with diffusing lung capacity (%DLCO). In patients with pulmonary emphysema, maximum mean relative enhancement ratios were significantly decreased compared to those in healthy volunteers (P = 0.0008). Maximum mean relative enhancement ratio had excellent correlation with % DLC0 (r2 = 0.83). Dynamic oxygen‐enhanced MRI may reflect the diffusing capacity of the lung; therefore, imaging of oxygen enhancement with MRI may provide maps of the diffusing capacity. Magn Reson Med 47:1139–1144, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reconstruction of MR images from data acquired on an arbitrary k‐space trajectory using the same‐image weight
Authors: Qian Yongxian , Lin Jiarui , Jin Deqin 
Published: October 2002

AbstractA sampling density compensation function denoted “same‐image (SI) weight” is proposed to reconstruct MR images from the data acquired on an arbitrary k‐space trajectory. An equation for the SI weight is established on the SI criterion and an iterative scheme is developed to find the weight. The SI weight is then used to reconstruct images from the data calculated on a random trajectory in a numerical phantom case and from the data acquired on interleaved spirals in an in vivo experiment, respectively. In addition, Pipe and Menon's weight (MRM 1999;41:179–186) is also used in the reconstructions to make a comparison. The images obtained with the SI weight were found to be slightly more accurate than those obtained with Pipe's weight. Magn Reson Med 48:306–311, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neuromuscular diseases and disorders of the alimentary system
Authors: Chaudhry Vinay , Umapathi T. , Ravich William J. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThis review outlines the relationship and interaction between neuromuscular diseases and disorders of the alimentary system. Neuromuscular manifestations of gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary diseases are first considered. Such diseases may cause neuromuscular disorders by leading to nutritional deficiency or by more direct mechanisms. The pathogenesis, clinical features, and treatment of these various neuromuscular manifestations are discussed. The impact of disorders of nerve, neuromuscular transmission, and muscle on the alimentary system is then reviewed. The main sequelae are impaired deglutition and gastrointestinal dysmotility. The management of these complications is considered. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Muscle Nerve 25: 000–000, 2002
Severe exacerbation of hepatitis C–associated vasculitic neuropathy following treatment with interferon alpha: A case report and literature review
Authors: Boonyapisit Kanokwan , Katirji Bashar 
Published: October 2002

AbstractVasculitic neuropathy may occur in association with chronic hepatitis C infection. Interferon alpha (IFNα), an effective treatment for chronic hepatitis C, can precipitate or worsen autoimmune diseases. We report a patient with chronic hepatitis C and mild indolent vasculitic sensorimotor peripheral polyneuropathy, who developed severe mononeuropathy multiplex soon after IFNα was initiated, and review the literature on worsening vasculitic neuropathy after IFNα treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Care should be taken after starting patient with chronic hepatitis C–associated vasculitic neuropathy on IFNα, as there is evidence that IFNα may exacerbate the neuropathy. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Muscle Nerve 25: 000–000, 2002
Severe sensory ataxia and demyelinating polyneuropathy with IgM anti‐GM2 and GalNAc‐GD1A antibodies
Authors: Lopate Glenn , Choksi Rati , Pestronk Alan 
Published: October 2002

AbstractSeveral polyneuropathy syndromes have been described with polyclonal serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) or immunoglobulin M (IgM) binding to gangliosides GM2 and GalNAc‐GD1a that contain the terminal trisaccharide moiety GalNAc(β1‐4)Gal(α2‐3)NeuAc. We describe the clinical and electrodiagnostic features in two patients with serum IgM monoclonal anti‐GM2 and anti‐GalNAc‐GD1a antibodies. These patients had slowly progressive, panmodal sensory loss with severe sensory ataxia. Electrodiagnostic testing showed demyelinating features. Prominent improvement in gait ataxia occurred after treatment with human immune globulin but not after other immunomodulating therapies. Enzyme‐linked immunoabsorbent assay and thin‐layer chromatography demonstrate that the patient's serum monoclonal IgM bound to gangliosides GM2 and GalNac‐GD1a but not to gangliosides without the GalNAc(β1‐4)Gal(α2‐3)NeuAc moiety. This neuropathy differs from previously reported neuropathy syndromes associated with polyclonal GM2 and GalNAc‐GD1a antibodies and from other chronic demyelinating polyneuropathies. We conclude that a distinct syndrome of chronic demyelinating neuropathy with sensory ataxia, unresponsive to corticosteroids, is associated with monoclonal IgM binding to gangliosides with a terminal GalNAc(β1‐4)Gal(α2‐3)NeuAc trisaccharide moiety. Diagnosis of this syndrome is important to direct appropriate treatment. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Muscle Nerve 25: 000–000, 2002
IGF‐I, IGF‐II, and IGF‐receptor‐1 transcript and IGF‐II protein expression in myostatin knockout mice tissues
Authors: Kocamis Hakan , Gahr Scott A. , Batelli Lori , Hubbs Ann F. , Killefer John 
Published: October 2002

AbstractSemiquantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and immunohistochemistry were performed to demonstrate whether a correlation exists between insulin‐like growth factors (IGFs)—positive regulators of growth—and myostatin, a negative regulator of muscle growth. IGF‐I, ‐II, and IGF–receptor‐1 (IGF‐R1) mRNA and IGF‐II protein expressions were determined in control and myostatin knockout mice tissues. IGF‐I gene expressions were similar between control and knockout mice tissues, whereas IGF‐II mRNA levels were significantly higher in myostatin knockout mice kidney and soleus muscles than those of control mice (P < .01). IGF‐R1 mRNA levels from control mice heart (P < .05) and kidney (P < .01) were significantly higher than in myostatin knockout mice, whereas levels were lower in pectoralis muscle of control mice than knockout mice (P < .01). The strongly IGF‐II–positive cells in soleus muscle were more common in myostatin knockout mice and were seen in a few foci in control mice. IGF–II immunoreactivity in both control and myostatin knockout mice kidneys was localized to the epithelium of renal tubules and collecting ducts. Reciprocal changes in the expression of myostatin and IGF‐II and IGF‐R1 may underlie normal growth of skeletal muscle and other organs in mammals, and the changes in these tissues associated with disease. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Muscle Nerve 26: 55–63, 2002
Improvement of dy/dy dystrophic diaphragm by 3,4‐diaminopyridine
Authors: Van Lunteren Erik , Moyer Michelle 
Published: October 2002

AbstractConcerns have been raised that inotropic agents may worsen function of dystrophic muscle due to structural fragility. Studies tested the hypothesis that force increments elicited by potassium (K+) channel blockade can be maintained during the course of repetitive stimulation. In vitro twitch force of dy/dy dystrophic mouse diaphragm was significantly lower than normal (796 versus 1271 g/cm2). 3,4‐Diaminopyridine (DAP) increased twitch force of dystrophic diaphragm by 111 ± 12% (P < .0001) and increased force at stimulation frequencies of 5–50 Hz by 41–77%. During fatigue‐inducing stimulation, force augmentation by DAP was well maintained in dystrophic muscle throughout 25 Hz (P = .0047) and 50 Hz (P = .0059) stimulation. These findings indicate that the K+ channel blocker DAP augments the force of dystrophic muscle to values close to that of normal muscle over a range of stimulation frequencies. Furthermore, these functional increments can be achieved without causing force to eventually deteriorate below that of untreated dystrophic muscle during fatiguing stimulation. It is possible that DAP may be useful for the clinical management of a variety of disorders causing muscle weakness. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Muscle Nerve 26: 71–78, 2002
Diagnostic accuracy of electrodiagnostic testing in the evaluation of weakness
Authors: Nardin Rachel A. , Rutkove Seward B. , Raynor Elizabeth M. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractElectrodiagnostic testing is often used in the evaluation of patients presenting with weakness, but the diagnostic accuracy of the test in this setting is unknown. We prospectively identified 100 patients presenting to our electromyography (EMG) laboratory with the chief complaint of weakness, and compared their referring diagnosis with the electrophysiological diagnosis reached after electrodiagnostic testing. We reviewed each patient's medical record 9 months after EMG to yield a final diagnosis. Electrodiagnostic testing led to a single diagnosis in 79% of the cases; in 31%, this diagnosis was unsuspected by the referring clinician. Adequate follow‐up was available for 79% of the patients. The electrodiagnostic testing resulted in a single, correct diagnosis in 73% of the patients and provided more than one possible diagnosis, one of which was correct, in an additional 18%, for an overall diagnostic accuracy of 91% in this group of patients presenting with weakness. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Muscle Nerve 26: 201–205, 2002
Robust ship scheduling with multiple time windows
Authors: Christiansen Marielle , Fagerholt Kjetil 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe present a ship scheduling problem concerned with the pickup and delivery of bulk cargoes within given time windows. As the ports are closed for service at night and during weekends, the wide time windows can be regarded as multiple time windows. Another issue is that the loading/discharging times of cargoes may take several days. This means that a ship will stay idle much of the time in port, and the total time at port will depend on the ship's arrival time. Ship scheduling is associated with uncertainty due to bad weather at sea and unpredictable service times in ports. Our objective is to make robust schedules that are less likely to result in ships staying idle in ports during the weekend, and impose penalty costs for arrivals at risky times (i.e., close to weekends). A set partitioning approach is proposed to solve the problem. The columns correspond to feasible ship schedules that are found a priori. They are generated taking the uncertainty and multiple time windows into account. The computational results show that we can increase the robustness of the schedules at the sacrifice of increased transportation costs. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 611–625, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10033
Recovery of song preferences after excitotoxic HVC lesion in female canaries
Authors: Halle F. , Gahr M. , Pieneman A. W. , Kreutzer M. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe courtship solicitation display (CSD) of the female canary is a model to study estrogen dependent auditory preferences for male songs. The forebrain auditory‐vocal nucleus, HVC, is part of the circuit that determines such preferences. To further develop this model we show that bilateral excitotoxic lesions of the medial part of HVC involving between 18–60% of the bilateral nucleus are behaviorally effective while complete unilateral lesions are not. Further, we show that animals recover their song preferences over a period of several months after the lesion. This functional recovery does not involve anatomical recovery of the HVC. Even 9 months after the lesion, the HVC size of these females was similar to that of females sacrificed 2 days after the lesion and thus was 40 ± 8% smaller compared to normal females. Further, ipsilaterally, the lesion procedure transiently disturbed the neurochemistry, such as GAD‐mRNA expression, in the part of HVC that did not undergo cell death. These results suggest that the integrity of the lateral part of at least one HVC is required to perform CSD in response to relevant auditory stimuli. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 52: 1–13, 2002
On the equivalence of the time domain differential quadrature method and the dissipative Runge–Kutta collocation method
Authors: Fung T. C. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractNumerical solutions for initial value problems can be evaluated accurately and efficiently by the differential quadrature method. Unconditionally stable higher order accurate time step integration algorithms can be constructed systematically from this framework. It has been observed that highly accurate numerical results can also be obtained for non‐linear problems. In this paper, it is shown that the algorithms are in fact related to the well‐established implicit Runge–Kutta methods. Through this relation, new implicit Runge–Kutta methods with controllable numerical dissipation are derived. Among them, the non‐dissipative and asymptotically annihilating algorithms correspond to the Gauss methods and the Radau IIA methods, respectively. Other dissipative algorithms between these two extreme cases are shown to be B‐stable (or algebraically stable) as well and the order of accuracy is the same as the corresponding Radau IIA method. Through the equivalence, it can be inferred that the differential quadrature method also enjoys the same stability and accuracy properties. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polynomial approximation of shape function gradients from element geometries
Authors: Dohrmann C. R. , Rashid M. M. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractA method is presented for the polynomial approximation of shape function gradients based solely on the geometry of finite element boundaries. The method is founded on a least squares approach which leads to an integration scheme satisfying a necessary condition for convergence. In its simplest form the method reduces to the well‐known uniform strain approach for finite elements. The method is applicable to a broad class of problems such as connecting dissimilar meshes, mesh adaptivity and transitioning, and the construction of finite elements with variable topologies. Finite elements based on the polynomial approximations are shown to pass patch tests of various orders. In contrast to standard elements, higher‐order patch tests are passed without the need for nodes internal to element boundaries. Less sensitivity to volumetric locking under plane strain conditions is demonstrated through comparisons with a standard element formulation. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Finite element buckling analysis of rotationally periodic laminated composite shells
Authors: Xiang Zhihai , Xue Mingde , Liu Yinghua , Cen Zhangzhi 
Published: October 2002

AbstractA finite element (FE) buckling analysis of rotationally periodic laminated composite shells is performed in this paper. Because the buckling mode of such structures is characterized as rotationally periodic, a corresponding FE buckling analysis scheme is proposed to reduce the computational expenses. Moreover, a new kind of relative degrees‐of‐freedom element is developed, which can be connected to other solid elements with ease and can yield satisfactory results with a relatively coarse FE mesh. Numerical results of two laminated cylindrical shells subjected to lateral pressure are compared with theoretical ones. The good agreement of them shows the validity of this new computational strategy. Finally, a practical structure is analysed to demonstrate the advantage of this method. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical simulation of Lamb wave scattering in semi‐infinite plates
Authors: Galán José M. , Abascal Ramón 
Published: October 2002

AbstractA finite element formulation is applied to study Lamb wave scattering in homogeneous and sandwich isotropic plates. Dispersion curves are calculated in a simple and automatic way by solving a quadratic eigenproblem. A meshing criterion to obtain accurate results with linear and quadratic elements is provided. An absorbing boundary condition for semi‐infinite plates is derived from this formulation by means of a truncated normal mode expansion technique, where the finite element eigenvectors are used instead of the analytical expressions for the normal modes. This non‐reflecting boundary condition is directly applicable to study Lamb wave reflection by simple obstacles such as a flat edge. In order to tackle Lamb wave diffraction problems by defects with more complex geometries, a hybrid boundary element‐finite element formulation is developed. The validity and accuracy of both formulations are checked thoroughly with a series of test problems studied by other researchers. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Higher‐order responses of three‐dimensional elastic plate structures and their numerical illustration by p‐FEM
Authors: Dauge Monique , Rössle Andreas , Yosibash Zohar 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe displacements of three‐dimensional linearly elastic plate domains can be expanded as a compound power‐series asymptotics, when the thickness parameter ε tends to zero. The leading term u0 in this expansion is the well‐known Kirchhoff–Love displacement field, which is the solution to the limit case when ε→0. Herein, we focus our discussion on plate domains with either clamped or free lateral boundary conditions, and characterize the loading conditions for which the leading term vanishes. In these situations the first non‐zero term uk in the expansion appears for k=2, 3 or 4 and is denoted as higher‐order response of order 2,3 or 4, respectively. We provide herein explicit loading conditions under which higher order responses in three‐dimensional plate structures are visible, and demonstrate the mathematical analysis by numerical simulation using the p‐version finite element method. Owing to the need for highly accurate results and ‘needle elements’ (having extremely large aspect ratio up to 10000), a p‐version finite element analysis is mandatory for obtaining reliable and highly accurate results. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.