bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O povijesti duhana u Hercegovini do kraja Prvoga svjetskoga rata
Authors: Naletilić Marija 
Published: January 2024

Duhan je u Europu, kako je dobro poznato, stigao iz Amerike. Kolumbo je 13. 10. 1492. godine u svoj dnevnik zapisao da urođenici puše nekakvo lišće te da je i on dobio takvo lišće na poklon. Prvi europski pušači i jesu bili Kolumbovi mornari koji su donijeli duhan u Španjolsku. Za etimologiju latinskog naziva duhana (Nicotiana tabacum) zaslužni su jedan diplomata i jedan toponim. Diplomata je Jean Nicot, francuski izaslanik u Portugalu, koji je duhan donio na dvor Katarine Medici hvaleći ga kao čudotvoran lijek. Toponim je otok Tobago (makar neki tvrde da se radi o pokrajini Tabaco na Haitiju, a ima i onih koji ovaj termin dovode u vezu s domorodačkim izrazom za lulu). Duhan se kod Grka i Arapa naziva „tutun“, a u Perziji „tanbaku“, po tome se trgovci duhanom nazivaju tutundžije. Sam termin duhan je turcizam, a Turcima je arabizam. Na arapskom, naime, duhan je para, dim. Turci na područje Bosne i Hercegovine nisu, naravno, donijeli samo riječ, nego i naviku pušenja.
Übergang zur Rinderzucht im nördlichen Schwarzmeerraum
Authors: Kaiser Elke 
Published: January 2024

Zu den vieldiskutierten Themen in der russisch-und ukrainischsprachigen Literatur gehört die Subsistenzwirtschaft in den osteuropäischen Steppen während der Kupfer- und der Bronzezeit. Hielt man in den ersten Jahrzehnten der Forschung über die wirtschaftsarchäologischen Aspekte der betreffenden Kulturen noch eine komplexe Wirtschaftsweise, die sich aus Ackerbauund Viehzucht zusammensetzte, für wahrscheinlich, nahm man in den sechziger und siebziger Jahren Abstand davon und hielt das Betreiben einer Viehzucht für die Lebensgrundlage im Steppenraum. Interessanterweise bildeten die Grabhügel, die in der offenen Steppenlandschaft, zum Teil relativ weit entfernt von Wasserläufen errichtet sind, eines der wichtigsten Argumentefür diese Überlegungen, nicht etwa archäozoologische Studien. Diese wurden von V. P. Šilov in einer jüngeren Arbeit nachgeliefert, in der er ausschließlich auf Tierknochen, die in kupfer und bronzezeitlichen Bestattungen in den Grabhügelngeborgen worden waren, Bezug nahm. Weitere Argumente für das Betreiben von Viehzucht, die seiner Auffassung nach mobil betrieben wurde, waren: die Steppe sei für effizienten Ackerbau nicht geeignet; langanhaltend besiedelte Plätze fehlten,die Zusammensetzung der Herden, in denen Kleines Hornvieh dominierte; die Steppenlandschaft sei zunehmend erschlossen worden, was durch die Grabhügel zum Ausdruck komme.
Penerapan Metode Text Mining dengan Chatbot Questions And Answer pada PT PLN (Persero) Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Rohim Abdur , Haviz Irfani Muhammad , Ramadhan Mustafa , Ubaidillah Ubaidillah 
Published: January 2024

Chatbot Questions and Answer (Q&A) telah menjadi alat yang sangat penting bagi perusahaan untuk memberikan dukungan dan layanan pelanggan yang cepat dan efektif. Namun, tantangan utama dalam pengembangan Chatbot Q&A adalah memastikan bahwa chatbot dapat memahami bahasa alami pengguna dan memberikan jawaban yang tepat. Dalam penelitian ini, metode Text Mining dan Natural Language Processing (NLP) diterapkan pada Chatbot Q&A untuk PT PLN (Perusahaan Listrik Negara) persero wilayah Sumatera Selatan dengan tujuan meningkatkan kemampuan chatbot dalam memahami pertanyaan pelanggan dan memberikan jawaban yang akurat. Aplikasi yang dirancang pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan perangkat lunak yaitu model Rational Unified Process (RUP) dan diimplementasikan ke dalam sistem operasi android. Sedangkan untuk pengujiannya menggunakan perhitungan Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Keakuratan pada pengujian ditunjukkan dengan hasil RMSE memiliki nilai kecil (mendekati nol). Dari hasil pengujian data sampel sejumlah 20 pertanyaan, nilai perhitungan RMSE sebesar 0.10, sehingga dapat disimpulkan tingkat akurasi prediksi pada proses text mining dalam aplikasi adalah sangat baik (RMSE mendekati 0). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah alat bantu berupa aplikasi tanya-jawab informasi yang interaktif layaknya model diskusi dan dapat menggunakan bahasa sehari-hari.
Simulación transitoria de Sistemas Eléctricos de Potencia
Authors: Albino Ismael , Escamilla Sánchez Juan Carlos , Galindo López Víctor , Chávez Morales Violeta , Mejía López César 
Published: January 2024

Este trabajo tiene un enfoque cuantitativo con diseño no experimental transeccional, esta investigación explora y describe mediante el uso de métodos numéricos para la solución de sistemas de ecuaciones algebraico-diferencial el comportamiento del Sistema Eléctrico de Potencia (SEP). Se analiza en particular el comportamiento transitorio del SEP , los resultados muestran el comportamiento de los voltajes, la velocidad de los generadores y la frecuencia en los nodos de generación cuando se presenta una falla en el sistema, estos resultados permiten entender el comportamiento del sistema con la finalidad de identificar posibles problemáticas presentes o futuras, de acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos se concluye sobre la fortaleza del método numérico utilizado y el comportamiento del SEP.
Democratic Management and Citizen Participation of the Province of Tumbes-2023
Authors: I Kattia Pozada Limo, Erm , Del Carmen Figueroa Mendoza, María 
Published: January 2024

This research aimed to determine the relationship between democratic management and citizen participation in the province of Tumbes, 2023. With an applied methodology, quantitative approach, propositional descriptive level, non-experimental design. With a population of 58 767 participants from the last elections in the province of Tumbes and a sample of 382 electoral participants from the last elections. Applying the survey and questionnaire with data collection instruments. The results were obtained 12.6% (48) state that the government never takes into account their needs and their cultural differences, minorities and social groups for the enactment of laws, 35.3% (135) almost never, regularly 31.9% (122), almost always 9.4% (36) and 10.7% (41) respond that the government always takes into account their needs and cultural differences, minorities and social groups for the enactment of laws. Concluding that democratic management has a direct and significant relationship with citizen participation, developing a proposal to improve democratic management.
Exploring the Characteristics and Applications of Eucheuma Cottonii Seaweed Flour in Crepe Production
Authors: Alavazo Lovejoy A. 
Published: January 2024

These days, people eat to focus on their hunger, meet their nutritional needs, and lower their risk of illness. People are conscious of nutritional facts. Individuals are beginning to read the ingredients listed on every food product they purchase and see if it's good for their health. A wide range of food products that compromise diet benefits and health and provide basic nourishment has been developed in response to public demand. Until now, very little research has been done on substituting Eucheuma cottonii (E. cottonii) powder for wheat flour to make crepes. Crepe is a dessert that is filled with many kinds of mixtures. Seaweed has a relatively high nutritional fiber content and is high in carbohydrates. Seaweed's economic and practical worth can be raised by turning Eucheuma cottonii seaweed into flour to substitute wheat flour for crepe.
Consequently, the current study's objectives were to create a seaweed crepe recipe using powdered seaweed and assess the effects of E. cottonii powder on the physical and chemical qualities of biscuits, such as their texture profile, proximate analysis, sensory attributes, and physical characteristics. The same ingredients used in preparing homemade crepes were also used in the seaweed crepe recipe. Nevertheless, more of Eucheuma cottonii (E. cottonii varies the ingredients' amount and ratio, including cottony seaweed powder. Significant changes were made to the physicochemical properties of the crepe formulation by adding powdered seaweed. Adding seaweed flour to the crepe's recipe also impacted the crepe's appearance, taste, consistency, sweetness, and aroma. This study aims to investigate the culinary potential of seaweed flour and offer a nutrient-rich substitute for regular crepe flour.
Measuring the Knowledge of Rural School Children on Nutrition Education in Bihar, India
Authors: Pal Ankit , Lenin Venu , Dube Alok , Dixit Awadhesh , Singh Akanksha , Kumar Sunil 
Published: January 2024

This research study investigates the knowledge regarding nutrition education among rural school children in Bihar, India. The goal of the study is to evaluate the existing level of nutrition knowledge and comprehension among kids in rural regions and to pinpoint possible areas for development in nutrition education initiatives. The rural school students were subjected to an interview schedule. A sample of rural schoolchildren from different Bihar schools, ranging in age from 8 to 12, participated in the study. The environment was taken into consideration when choosing knowledge test questions. A 53-item knowledge test was put through a relevancy check with help from extension specialists, and 43 items were chosen for the test. Thirty extension workers from outside the research area pretested the 53 items. Item analysis evoking difficulty index, discrimination index, and point biserial correlation were conducted based on the results of the pretesting. Items with difficulty indices between 0.3 and 0.8, discrimination indices equal or above 0.3, and substantial point biserial correlation at the 5% level of significance were chosen. Utilising the split-half method, the test's reliability was calculated and determined to be 0.70. Ultimately, 18 questions were chosen for the final knowledge test given to rural schoolchildren. This knowledge test reveals a knowledge gap about nutrition and its significance for general health and well-being among Bihar's rural schoolchildren. Most kids showed little understanding of key nutrients, food groupings, and their nutritional value. Additionally, there was a paucity of knowledge regarding the long-term effects of improper eating patterns and inadequate nutrition.
Study of Soil Nutrient Status of Doddavaram Microwatershed in Koyyuru Mandal of Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Rani Y. Sandhya , Madhuri K. V. Naga , Naidu M. V. S. , Gurumurthy P. , Ramamurthy V. , Kumari P. Lavanya 
Published: January 2024

Aims: To asses the fertility status of the soils of Doddavaram microwatershed of Koyyuru mandal of Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh in which twenty soil profiles were studied for soil physico-chemical properties (pH, EC, OC) and soil nutrient status (N, P2O5, K2O, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn).
Study Design: The soil profiles were selected based on the slope and its heterogeneity
Place and Duration of Study: Doddavaram microwatershed of Koyyuru mandal of Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh located in between 17° 38' 4.779" to 17° 42' 15.440" of North latitudes and 82° 10' 56.784" to 82° 15' 1.372"East longitudes
Methodology: Preliminary traverse of the entire watershed was carried out using 1:10,000 scale base map and satellite imagery. After delineating the landform on the satellite image, intensive traversing of each landform was undertaken to select the representative areas for transect study based on geology, drainage pattern, surface features, slope characteristics and land use, landforms and physiographic divisions. Transects were located across the slope at right angles to the contours and covers most of the variations observed in a landform. In each selected transect, profiles were located at closely spaced intervals to take care of any change in the land features like break in slope, erosion, gravels and stones etc . In this way totally twenty (20) soil profiles were opened and soil samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory for soil nutrient status.
Results: The results revealed that the soils of Doddavaram microwatershed were very strongly acidic to slightly alkaline (4.58 to 7.82) in reaction, non-saline (0.02 to 0.17 dS m-1), low to high (0.10 to 0.78%) in organic carbon. Moreover, these soils were low to medium in available nitrogen (28.30 to 147.14 mg kg-1), available phosphorus (2.19 to 14.78 mg kg-1 P2O5) and available potassium (27.63 to 117.44 mg kg-1 soil). The available sulphur content in the soils varied from deficient (1.41 mg kg-1) to sufficient (20.83 mg kg-1 soil). The surface horizons of pedons 1,2,9,10,11,13,14,15,16,1718,19 and 20 were sufficient in DTPA extractable zinc, while the pedons 3,4,5,6,7,8 and 12 showed deficient levels in the surface horizons. Moreover, the zinc concentration in the sub-surface horizons was sufficient to deficient. The surface and sub-surface horizons of all the pedons in the study area of Doddavaram microwatershed were found to be sufficient in DTPA extractable copper, iron and manganese and found to be above the critical limits.
Conclusion: The analysis of macronutrients in the soils of Doddavaram microwatershed of Koyyuru mandal of Visakhapatnam district revealed that soils are low to medium in available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and deficient to sufficient in available sulphur. soils of the microwatershed were deficient to sufficient in available Zn and sufficient in available Fe, Cu and Mn.
Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) Genotypes
Authors: Aftab Oneza , Nazir Gazala , Hussain Khursheed , Masoodi Ummyiah H. , Bashir Khansa , Nazir Nageena 
Published: January 2024

Correlation of various characters with yield is useful and provides criteria for direct selection of component characters. The other genetic parameter commonly used is the path analysis as given by Dewey and Lu, 1959. It critically breaks up different direct and indirect effects which finally add upto the correlation coefficient. The present investigation was undertaken at the Experimental field of Urban Technological Park Habbak, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir during kharif-2022. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications and plant spacing of 2×1 m for thirty genotypes in order to study the association among yield and yield components, their direct and indirect influence on total marketable fruit yield. Observations were recorded on various growth and yield traits and seed traits. Positive and significant correlation was noted for fruit yield ha-1 with number of male flowers plant-1, number of female flowers plant-1, vine length (m), number of fruits, average fruit weight (g), leaf area (cm2), number of seeds fruit-1, seed weight fruit-1 and fruit yield plant-1 both at genotypic and phenotypic levels. Path coefficient analysis disclosed that traits such as number of fruits per plant, vine length (m), number of female flowers, average fruit weight(g) and number of seeds per fruit should be given due importance by selection for breeding of new cultivars as they exhibited the highest direct effects on the fruit yield ha-1.
Role of experience in processing bias for aggressive words in forensic and non‐forensic populations
Authors: Smith Paul , Waterman Mitch 
Published: March 2004

AbstractResearch is beginning to suggest that elevated levels of anger may influence responses in traditional cognitive tests of attention. To date research has focused upon nonforensic samples, and trait and state levels of anger. If individuals who are habitually aggressive demonstrate processing bias then it is likely that other constructs such as aggressiveness, hostility, and impulsivity will also be correlated with any bias performance. We attempted to extend the research by also considering the role of aggressive experience and impulsivity in such bias by using a group of offenders (n=50) from prisons in the North of England and undergraduates (n=30) from a university in the North of England. We hypothesised that violent offenders (as classified by their index offence) would demonstrate delayed responses when presented with aggressive stimuli as targets in a thematically primed version of the traditional dot‐probe task, due to the activation of associated representational structures by a violently themed vignette when compared to a neutral vignette. We also hypothesised that the violent offenders would become distracted when searching for a neutral word target which was surrounded by aggressive words in a visual search task [Cohen et al., 1998] leading to delayed responses compared to a neutral word surrounded by negatively or positively themed emotion words. Finally, we hypothesised that undergraduates with elevated levels of aggressiveness would also show similar (albeit attenuated) biases for these materials. Violent offenders demonstrated significant response biases to aggression words in both tests. This effect was also found in the aggressive undergraduates (as classified by their scores on the Buss‐Perry Aggression Questionnaire). These data confirm the saliency of aggression words to aggressive individuals across populations. The objective nature of these tests, together with their resilience to deception, may offer a useful tool in the assessment and treatment of aggressive individuals. Aggr. Behav. 30:105–122, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sex differences in levels of physical, verbal, and indirect aggression amongst primary school children and their associations with beliefs about aggression
Authors: Tapper Katy , Boulton Michael J. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe present study examined sex differences in levels of physical, verbal, and indirect aggression amongst primary school children and their relationship with instrumental and expressive beliefs about aggression. Levels of aggression were examined using self ratings, peer ratings, and observations. The latter were collected during the mid‐morning and lunchtime breaks using a wireless microphone and hidden video camera. Beliefs about aggression were assessed using modified versions of Campbell et als.' [1992] EXPAGG questionnaire. The results revealed significantly higher levels of observed physical aggression amongst boys as compared to girls. However, although the means were generally in the directions predicted, there were no other significant sex differences, nor interactions between sex and age. The results also showed limited support for claims that instrumental versus expressive beliefs about aggression influence behaviour. Beliefs generally showed significant correlations with reported and observed levels of aggression, and three of these remained significant even after the variance associated with sex and age had been partialled out. On the basis of these results, we call for more longitudinal research while simultaneously acknowledging the possibility that children's beliefs about aggression and their aggressive behaviours may be shaped independently from one another. Aggr. Behav. 30: 123‐145, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Confirmatory factor analysis and the factor structure of expagg in context: A reply to forrest et al., 2002
Authors: Muncer Steven , Campbell Anne 
Published: March 2004

AbstractIt has been suggested that confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) can be used to investigate the construct validity of psychometric scales and Forrest et al. [2000] specifically query the factor structure of Expagg using this technique. In this paper we report unsuccessful attempts to confirm the factor structure of three widely used scales using CFA criteria. In the fourth study, a two‐factor model of Expagg, which has been derived from previous studies, is tested for fit on new data. The results suggest that from a CFA point of view, Expagg is best considered as two scales measuring expressivity and instrumentality with five items on each scale. This model satisfies four of the five fit criteria (CFI = 90, GFI = .94, RMSEA = .08, ECVI = .44), failing only on the chi square test, a benchmark that has attracted criticism from statisticians. Other concerns are raised about the meaning of CFA results and their importance. Aggr. Behav. 30:146–157, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genome‐scan for loci involved in cleft lip with or without cleft palate in consanguineous families from Turkey
Authors: Marazita Mary L. , Field L. Leigh , Tunçbilek Gökhan , Cooper Margaret E. , Goldstein Toby , Gürsu K. Gürler 
Published: March 2004

AbstractCleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is a common congenital anomaly, with birth prevalence ranging from 1/500 to 1/1,000. A number of genetic loci have shown positive linkage or association results in European Caucasian populations. The purpose of the current study was to assess whether any of those loci have positive results in Turkish Caucasian CL/P families, and to perform a 10 cM genome scan to identify other regions potentially containing cleft susceptibility loci. Eighteen affected individuals with consanguineous parents were identified as part of our on‐going studies of orofacial clefts in Ankara, Turkey. Genotyped were 383 genome‐scan markers, and 70 additional markers, including markers in six candidate loci or regions on chromosomes 2, 4, 6, 14, 17, and 19 (TGFA, D4S175, F13A1, TGFB3, D17S250, and APOC2) that have been implicated in other studies of families with orofacial clefting. LOD scores (two point and multiple point) and family‐based association statistics (TDT) were calculated between each of the markers and CL/P. For the LOD score calculations, an autosomal recessive model was assumed for the inheritance of CL/P. Of the six candidate markers, significant TDT results were obtained with TGFA (P = 0.05). The most statistically significant multipoint results from the linkage genome scan were between putative genes controlling risk of CL/P and regions on chromosomes 4, 10, 12, and 15 (maximum multipoint HLOD's of 1.25, 1.30, 2.73, and 1.28 respectively). These results demonstrate the power of small numbers of families with inbred probands to detect linkage and association. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phenotypic manifestations of MECP2 mutations in classical and atypical rett syndrome
Authors: Schanen Carolyn , Houwink Elisa J.F. , Dorrani Naghmeh , Lane Jane , Everett Ruth , Feng Alice , Cantor Rita M. , Percy Alan 
Published: March 2004

AbstractSince the identification of mutations in MECP2 in girls and women with apparent Rett syndrome, numerous efforts have been made to develop phenotype‐genotype correlations. These studies have produced conflicting results in part related to use of different clinical severity scales, different diagnostic criteria, and different stratification by age and mutation group as well as the possible effects of unbalanced X‐chromosome inactivation. The present study applied a revised ordinal scoring system that allowed for correction for patient ages. We analyzed 85 patients with mutation in MECP2. Sixty‐five (76%) had one of eight common mutations. Patients with missense mutations had lower total severity scores and better language performance than those with nonsense mutations. No difference was noted between severity scores for mutations in the methyl‐binding domain (MBD) and the transcriptional repression domain (TRD). However, patients with missense mutations in TRD had the best overall scores and better preservation of head growth and language skills. Analysis of specific mutation groups demonstrated a striking difference for patients with the R306C mutation including better overall score, later regression, and better language with less motoric impairment. Indeed, these patients as a group accounted for the differences in overall scores between the missense and nonsense groups. Thus, the impact of specific mutations coupled with possible variation in X‐chromosome inactivation must be considered carefully in the derivation of phenotype‐genotype correlations. These results emphasize the limitations of such analyses in larger mutation groups, either by type or position. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.