bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Particulate Metal Contamination Assessment in Surabaya Coast, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Taufiqurrahman Edwards , Lestari  , Kaisupy Muhammad Taufik , Harmesa  
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Surabaya’s coasts, situated in an active metropolitan region, threatened by metal contamination, which can be found in particulate matter. However, data of suspended particulate matter (SPM) and particulate metals on the Surabaya Coast are scarce. This study aims to systematically evaluate the impact of trace metals on the environment through particulate metal analysis. Water sample was taken in May 2017 at 17 sites, and analyzed using the acid digestion procedure and measured by ICP-MS. The results show that SPM levels range from 10.80 – 51.80 mg/L, while the concentrations of particulate metals range from 0 – 2.78 mg/kg, 1.14 – 130.77 mg/kg, 3.43 – 60.19 mg/kg and 0.87 – 7.00 mg/kg dry weight for Cd, Cu, Pb, and As, respectively. The location of Surabaya coast might affects salinity and temperature where eastern part is more affected by Madura Strait, but metal concentration are all affected by riverine input. Based on the Geo-accumulation Index and Pollution Load Index, several sites on the Surabaya’s coasts are polluted. However, they have low-level toxicity and insignificant mortality, indicating the Surabaya Coast environments is still safe for living habitat. Meanwhile, particulate metal concentrations are relatively high in several locations, possibly caused by the port, marine tourism, and other anthropogenic activities.
The Effect of Shading Position on The Thermal Comfort Commercial Buildings Through Energy Retrofitting
Authors: Laila Hamidah Nur , Zulfan Prasetya Hamzah , Aulady Mohamad F. N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Surabaya building sector is a prime target for energy efficiency initiatives, given its substantial contribution to overall energy consumption. Commercial buildings, often filled with glass to harness natural lighting, inadvertently raise room temperatures and increase cooling demands. Thus, ensuring thermal comfort within these structures becomes paramount. An energy use survey reveals that air conditioning accounts for a significant 62% of consumption, underscoring the need for retrofitting, especially in commercial buildings. This study centers on retrofitting strategies, focusing on the application of shading devices to glass exteriors, aimed at reducing solar heat gain and, consequently, heat transfer through the building envelope. The research investigates two shading positions: horizontal and vertical, each with specific opening angles and width variations. The Computational Fluid Dynamics method, assisted by CFD software, serves as the simulation tool, exploring shading opening angles at 0°, 30°, and 45°, and shading widths at 20% and 60% of the window glass height. Simulation results highlight the efficacy of horizontal shading, boasting a 60% width of the glass height and a 45° opening angle, which reduces temperatures by a significant 2.5278°C. Additionally, a cost-benefit analysis reveals substantial electricity consumption savings post-retrofitting, amounting to 7619.9 kWh. This translates to best-case cost savings of Rp15,586,068 and worst-case savings of Rp10,390,712, with respective payback periods of 1.57 and 2.52 years.
Spoken from the Grave
Authors: Wijma Sara 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Talking about metics means echoing the Athenian master narrative on the free foreigners who were living in the Athenian polis. Metoikia was essentially an Athenian creation, solely formulated and articulated by the Athenian demos. However, the fact that the people who were labelled ‘metics’ were not actively participating in this master narrative on their status in Athenian society does not mean that they were completely silent or silenced on this matter. This chapter investigates the ways in which the people who were commonly and collectively labelled as metics by the Athenians constructed a wide range of social identities on the funerary monuments of their loved ones. It builds on a corpus of 125 (fragments of) funerary monuments and around 500 funerary inscriptions from the fifth and fourth centuries that can to some degree be associated with metics. Significantly, these funerary monuments never explicitly refer to the metic status of the deceased. But what, if not their metic status, were the important values and social relationships deemed worthy of public praise by these free foreigners living and dying in classical Athens?
Mutual mate guarding with limited sexual conflict in a sex-role-reversed shorebird
Authors: Krietsch Johannes , Valcu Mihai , Cragnolini Margherita , Forstmeier Wolfgang , Kempenaers Bart 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Mate guarding is typically considered a male strategy to protect paternity. However, under some circumstances, females might also benefit from guarding their mate. Female mate guarding might be particularly important in socially polyandrous species in which females compete for access to care-giving males. Because males also benefit from being near their partner to avoid paternity loss, pair members may have a mutual interest in mate guarding in polyandrous species. We studied the time spent together and movements that lead to separation, as behavioral measures of mate guarding, in the classically polyandrous red phalarope (Phalaropus fulicarius). We equipped 64 breeding pairs with miniaturized telemetry loggers with GPS to assess variation in mate-guarding intensity in relation to breeding phenology and season, nest attendance, and the occurrence of extrapair paternity. We show that red phalarope pairs were almost continuously together in the days before clutch initiation with no sex bias in separation movements, indicating mutual contribution to mate guarding. Our results suggest that in red phalaropes, both pair members guard their mate, with limited sexual conflict arising through biases in the operational sex ratio and a trade-off with male nest attendance. We found no clear relationship between mate-guarding intensity and the occurrence of extrapair paternity. In this non-territorial socially polyandrous species, mutual mate guarding might be the process underlying the evolution of a brief but strong social pair bond, with no other purpose than producing a clutch for a care-giving male.
IBC-Oxford University2023_BJSOral_2Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Status shift 1 year after Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y vs One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass. Results of a Multi-centre Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Boru C E , De Maio F , Capoccia D , Velotti N , Verrastro O , Capaldo B , Musella M , Raffaelli M , Delogu G , Leonetti F , Silecchia G 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction
The comparison of effectiveness between R-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB/MGB) remains unclear, as well as the changes in gut microbiota (GM). Materials: prospective, cohort, multi-centre study enrolling 96 patients with severe obesity, applying inclusion criteria, randomised between OAGB/MGB or RYGB. Faecal and blood samples were collected, pre- (T0) and 12 months postoperatively (T1). GM was determined by V3-V4 16S rRNA regions sequencing and home-made bioinformatic pipeline based on Qiime2 plugin and R packages. A standardised meal test was performed at T0 and T1 with 250 ml of liquid meal Oxepa (Abbott, Japan).

Aim
To evaluate and compare OAGB/MGB vs RYGB microbiota profile shift postoperatively and its impact on metabolic and nutritional status.

Results
54 patients completed the study, 27 for each procedure (females 61%). No significant differences were found at T0 for anthropometric and nutritional parameters, while a statistically significant anthropometrics’ reduction was registered at T1, with a significant improvement of glucose and lipid profile, and significant reduction in vitamins and iron. Postoperatively fasting glucose, lipid profile, vitamins and minerals were not significantly different between the 2 procedures. Fasting GLP-1 was higher at T1, but postprandial values showed a lower peak both 60' and 120' after ingestion of the mixed meal., with no significant difference between the 2 groups. Examining the GM’s alpha and beta diversity, Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio increased postoperatively, mainly dependent on Bacteroidetes decreasing. Relative abundances evaluation highlighted those main differences between the identified clusters (group A 29 subjects, group B 14 subjects and group C 10 subjects) were dependent on variation in Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. A different trend was detected at Phylum level between T0 and T1 of each cluster. Bacteroides and Streptococcus genera appeared mainly changed between the three groups (both showing p&lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
The emergence of slightly different GM profile postoperatively may be related to clinical condition or may play a key role in the long-term outcome and may represent a biomarker to follow bariatric surgery’s outcomes. No difference between the two bypass techniques were found in GM profile or other examined metabolic parameters one year postoperatively.
IBC-Oxford University2023_BJSOral_10Selection of the Length of the Biliopancreatic Loop in OAGB-MGB
Authors: Teshaev O R , Zhumaev N A , Murodov A S , Rakhmonova G E 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction
One anastomosis gastric bypass (Omega loop gastric bypass/minigastric bypass/single bypass) has gained supporters worldwide, especially in recent years in Europe and Asia. Several studies have shown that this is a simple, safe and effective bariatric surgery. However, there are many controversial and ambiguously accepted technical aspects of this procedure. The purpose of this study is to report on the clinical results of choosing the length of the biliopancreatic loop in laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass.

Methods
From April 2018 to April 2023, we performed OAGB-MGB in 678 obese patients, 586 of them had type 2 diabetes. Median age: 46.2 years (29 to 63 years). The average weight was 122 ± 11.5 kgs (98-244); BMI on average 44.8±8.7 kg/m2 (37-72); The average operation time was 74±9.6 minutes (52-140). All examined patients were divided into 2 groups, the control group and main group of patients. The control group had 302 patients (2018-2020) and the length of the biliopancreatic loop (BPL) ranged from 180 to 250 cms. The main group had 376 (2021-2023) patients and the length of the BPL ranged from 150 to 200 cms, depending on BMI. At BMI &lt; 40 kg/m2, the length of the BPL was 150 cms; at BMI &gt; 40 kg/m2, it was 180 cms; at BMI &gt; 50 kg/m2, the length of the BPL was 200 cms.

Results
Analysis of the results of treatment of patients in the control group showed that the number of complications were high, especially protein and vitamin-mineral deficiencies were observed. Therefore, we have developed a computer programme for selecting the length of the biliopancreatic loop depending on BMI. This program was taken as the basis for performing OAGB-MGB in patients of the main group. Analysis of the results of treatment of patients in the main group showed the effectiveness of this technique, which resulted in a decrease in the number of early and late postoperative complications in the main group compared with the control group.

Conclusions
OAGB/MGB is a feasible, safe and effective bariatric surgery. When performing OAGB/MGB, depending on the patient's BMI, it is necessary to individually select the length of the biliopancreatic loop. The length of the biliopancreatic loop of more than 250 cms increases the risk of developing protein, vitamin and mineral deficiencies.
IBC-Oxford University2023_BJSOral_27Trends and Safety of Bariatric Revisional Surgery in Italy: multi-centre, prospective, observational study
Authors: Boru C E , Marinari G M , Olmi S , Gentileschi P , Morino M , Anselmino M , Foletto M , Bernante P , Piazza L , Perrotta N , Morganti R , Silecchia G ,   the cooperative RESTART group
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Revisional bariatric surgery (RBS) represents a further solution for patients who experience inadequate weight loss (IWL) following primary bariatric surgery (BS) or significant weight regain (WR) following initial satisfactory response. RBS guidelines are lacking, however, an increased trend in further BS offering has been reported lately.

Objectives
Analysing trend, mortality, complication, readmission, and reoperation rates for any reason at 30 days after RBS in Italy. Setting: 10 Italian high-volume bariatric surgery centres (University hospitals and Private centres).

Methods
Prospective, observational, multi-centre study enrolling patients undergoing RBS between 01.10.2021-31.03.2022, registering reasons for RBS, technique, mortality, intraoperative and perioperative complications, readmissions, and reinterventions for any reason. Patients undergoing RBS during same calendar interval of 2016-2020 were considered control-group.

Results
220 patients were enrolled and compared with 560 control-group patients. Mortality was 0.45% vs 0.35% (not significant), with an overall of 0.25%, while open surgery or conversion to open surgery registered in 1%. No difference was found for mortality, morbidity, complications, readmission (1.3%) and reoperation rates (2.2%). IWL/WR was the most frequent cause, followed by GERD; Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) was the most used revisional procedure (56%). Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) was the most revised procedure in the study-group, while gastric banding in the control-group. RBS represents up to 9% of the total BS in the Italian participating centres.

Conclusions
Laparoscopy represents the standard approach for RBS, which appears safe. Current Italian trends show a shift towards SG being the most revised procedure and RYGB the most used as revisional procedure.
Long day for few hours: impact of working time fragmentation on low wages in France
Authors: Devetter François-Xavier , Valentin Julie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Since the 1980s, working hours have tended to become more diverse and flexible. These developments impact not only the possibilities of synchronising social time but also pay levels. Duration indicators become less relevant, since they disconnect the time worked and paid from the impact of the work on employees’ lives. The objective of this paper is to analyse the effects of this disconnection by measuring the fragmentation of the working day. We propose an indicator of ‘density of daily working time’ which links two specific durations (the extent of the working day and the average daily duration of working). This indicator shows that a low density of the working day makes it possible to circumvent the minimum wage principle, particularly in the case of lower-skilled service occupations. These results raise questions about how working time is measured and about its regulation.
An intuitive method to reduce the defibrillation threshold: a case report
Authors: Chaudry Hayyan Asim , Maskoun Waddah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Defibrillation threshold (DFT) testing is done to assess whether proper sensing of ventricular fibrillation and adequate safety margin for defibrillation are present in an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). This case report presents an intuitive method for lowering the DFT. It may be used on a larger scale in other patients with high DFTs when other methods for lowering the DFT (changing medications, adjusting the device, and adding coils) are not feasible or preferable to use.

Case summary
A 64-year-old male presented to the emergency room with failed appropriate shocks from his ICD. Device interrogation revealed that he failed his first maximum output shock before subsequent shock at the same polarity and output succeeded, suggesting a high DFT. Therefore, the DFT needs to be lowered in our patient. After considering the potential efficacy and risk of a number of traditional options, we used an intuitive method whereby the right ventricular (RV) coils of two separate leads were combined via a y-adapter. This method successfully lowered the patient’s DFT, and he received successful shocks from his ICD over the next 9 months before reaching end-stage heart failure. He received a transplant, and the device and transvenous leads, except for the superior vena cava coil, were successfully removed.

Discussion
Combining two RV coils from different locations may lower the DFT. This method may be considered in the larger population in cases where using traditional methods are not safe or possible for certain patients. This method may work by lowering shock impedance and increasing the shock tissue surface area.
Right ventricular to pulmonary arterial coupling in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot: a case series
Authors: Joosen Renée S , Breur Johannes M P J , Wessels Jeroen N , Krings Gregor J , Voskuil Michiel , de Man Frances S , van de Veerdonk Marielle C 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
In repaired tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) patients with residual right ventricular (RV) outflow tract obstructions (RVOTO), risk stratification and timing of re-interventions are based on RVOTO gradients. However, this might be insufficient to prevent RV dysfunction. Instead, assessment of RV to pulmonary arterial (RV-PA) coupling allows integrated assessment of RV function in relationship to its afterload and could be of additional value in clinical decision-making.

Case summary
Two patients with repaired ToF and residual RVOTO without pulmonary regurgitation underwent right heart catheterization (RHC) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. We determined RV end-systolic elastance (Ees), arterial elastance (Ea) and RV-PA coupling (Ees/Ea) using single-beat RV pressure–volume analysis. Patient 1 was asymptomatic despite severely increased RV pressures and a left pulmonary artery (LPA) stenosis (invasive gradient 20 mmHg). Right ventricular volumes and function were preserved. The Ea and Ees were increased but RV-PA coupling was relatively maintained. Of interest, RV end-diastolic pressure and RV diastolic stiffness were increased. After LPA plasty, RV function was preserved during long-term follow-up. Patient 2 was symptomatic despite mildly elevated RV pressures and a supravalvular RV-PA conduit stenosis (invasive gradient 30 mmHg). The RV showed severe RV dilatation and dysfunction. The Ea was increased but Ees was decreased leading to RV-PA uncoupling. Despite balloon angioplasty, RV function was unchanged during long-term follow-up.

Discussion
Development of RV dysfunction might be insufficiently predicted by RVOTO severity in patients with repaired ToF. Assessment of RV remodelling and function in relationship to its afterload might help to optimize risk stratification.
Fully magnetically centrifugal left ventricular assist device and long-term outcomes: the ELEVATE registry
Authors: Schmitto Jan D , Shaw Steven , Garbade Jens , Gustafsson Finn , Morshuis Michiel , Zimpfer Daniel , Lavee Jacob , Pya Yuriy , Berchtold-Herz Michael , Wang AiJia , Gazzola Carlo , Potapov Evgenij , Saeed Diyar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
HeartMate 3 (HM3) is a fully magnetically levitated continuous flow left ventricular assist device, which received CE marking in 2015. The ELEVATE Registry was initiated to collect real-world outcomes in patients treated with HM3 post-CE Mark approval.

Methods
A total of 540 subjects implanted at 26 centres between March 2015 and February 2017 were included in this registry. Of these, 463 received the device as a primary implant (primary implant cohort, PIC), 19 as a pump exchange (pump exchange cohort), and in 58 patients, only anonymized survival data were collected (anonymized cohort, AC). Patients in the PIC contributed to the baseline demographics, survival, adverse events, quality of life (QoL) (EuroQoL-5 Dimensions-5 Levels visual analogue scale), and functional capacity (6 min walk distance) assessments, while patients in the AC contributed only to survival.

Results
Primary implant cohort patients had a mean age of 56 years and were predominantly male (89%) with 48% ischaemic aetiology. The majority of subjects was designated bridge to transplant (66%) and had INTERMACS Profiles 1–3 (70%). At baseline, the subjects had poor functional capacity (104 ± 140 m) and impaired QoL (35 ± 19 points). The overall survival rate of the PIC was 63.3% and survival free of stroke was 58.1% at 5 years. Significant improvements in functional capacity and QoL were observed and maintained for 5 years (301 ± 131 m and 64 ± 20 points, respectively).

Conclusions
Real-world data from the ELEVATE registry demonstrate an overall survival rate for primary implants of 63.3%. In the PIC, reductions in adverse events for patients in the extended follow-up and improved QoL and functional capacity were observed at 5 years in this patient population with advanced heart failure.
Wild bee and pollen microbiomes across an urban–rural divide
Authors: Nguyen Phuong N , Rehan Sandra M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Wild pollinators and their microbiota are sensitive to land use changes from anthropogenic activities that disrupt landscape and environmental features. As urbanization and agriculture affect bee habitats, human-led disturbances are driving changes in bee microbiomes, potentially leading to dysbiosis detrimental to bee fitness. This study examines the bacterial, fungal, and plant compositions of the small carpenter bee, Ceratina calcarata, and its pollen provisions across an urban–rural divide. We performed metabarcoding of C. calcarata and provisions in Toronto by targeting the 16S rRNA, ITS, and rbcL regions. Despite similar plant composition and diversity across bees and their provisions, there was a greater microbial diversity in pollen provisions than in bees. By characterizing the differences in land use, climate, and pesticide residues that differentiate urban and rural landscapes, we find that urban areas support elevated levels of microbial diversity and more complex networks between microbes and plants than rural areas. However, urban areas may lead to lower relative abundances of known beneficial symbionts and increased levels of pathogens, such as Ascosphaera and Alternaria fungi. Further, rural pollen provisions indicate elevated pesticide residues that may dysregulate symbiosis. As anthropogenic activities continue to alter land use, ever changing environments threaten microbiota crucial in maintaining bee health.