bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of sterilization protocols for peptide‐modified hydrogels
Authors: Huebsch Nathaniel , Gilbert Michele , Healy Kevin E. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractConcerns about the efficacy of ethanol disinfection for implanted biomaterials prompted investigation of an alternative sterilization process, ultraviolet irradiation, for terminal sterilization of N‐isopropylacrylamide–based hydrogels containing biomimetic peptides. Ultraviolet irradiation is more easily applied on a laboratory scale than gamma irradiation or electron beam, two commercially utilized methods; thus, UVC irradiation was investigated as a low‐cost sterilization procedure that might be performed in laboratories prior to in vivo studies. UVC irradiation at 400 μW/cm2 for up to 15 h did not prevent growth of Escherichia coli within the hydrogels, while ethanol disinfection did prevent growth for the duration of the experiment (120 h). Furthermore, UVC irradiation caused progressive degradation of peptides containing the Arg‐Gly‐Arg (RGD) domain. UVC irradiation cannot be used as a terminal sterilization process for peptide‐modified materials. The system used in this study is not intended to be adequate for evaluating the sterility of medical devices in accordance with current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP); however, it remains a useful, low‐cost system for the preliminary evaluation of sterilization procedures in terms of their ability to eliminate pathogenic organisms while preserving the structure of biologically active molecules within in a laboratory setting. Ethanol treatment is still the preferred method for disinfection of bioactive materials containing peptides or UV‐degradable groups. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2005
Maxillary sinus augmentation with Bio‐Oss® particles: A light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy study in man
Authors: Orsini Giovanna , Traini Tonino , Scarano Antonio , Degidi Marco , Perrotti Vittoria , Piccirilli Marcello , Piattelli Adriano 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBiological interactions occurring at the bone–biomaterial interface are critical for long‐term clinical success. Bio‐Oss® is a deproteinized, sterilized bovine bone that has been extensively used in bone regeneration procedures. The aim of the present study was a comparative light, scanning, and electron microscopy evaluation of the interface between Bio‐Oss® and bone in specimens retrieved after sinus augmentation procedures. Under light microscopy, most of the particles were surrounded by newly formed bone, while in a few cases, at the interface of some particles it was possible to observe marrow spaces and biological fluids. Under scanning electron microscopy, in most cases, the particle perimeter appeared lined by bone that was tightly adherent to the biomaterial surface. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the bone tissue around the biomaterial showed all the phases of the bone healing process. In some areas, randomly organized collagen fibers were present, while in other areas, newly formed compact bone was present. In the first bone lamella collagen fibers contacting the Bio‐Oss® surface were oriented at 243.73 ± 7.12° (mean ± SD), while in the rest of the lamella they were oriented at 288.05 ± 4.86° (mean ± SD) with a statistically significant difference of 44.32° (p < 0.001). In the same areas the intensity of gray value was 172.56 ± 18.15 (mean ± SD) near the biomaterial surface and 158.71 ± 21.95 (mean ± SD) in the other part of the lamella with an unstatistically significant difference of 13.79 (p = 0.071). At the bone–biomaterial interface there was also an electron‐dense layer similar to cement lines. This layer had a variable morphology being, in some areas, a thin line, and in other areas, a thick irregular band. The analyses showed that Bio‐Oss® particles do not interfere with the normal osseous healing process after sinus lift procedures and promote new bone formation. In conclusion, this study serves as a better understanding of the morphologic characteristics of Bio‐Oss® and its interaction with the surrounding tissues. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2005
Lentiviral transduction of human hematopoietic cells by HIV‐1‐ and SIV‐based vectors containing a bicistronic cassette driven by various internal promoters
Authors: Dupuy Franck P. , Mouly Enguerran , Mesel‐Lemoine Mariana , Morel Céline , Abriol Julien , Cherai Mustapha , Baillou Claude , Nègre Didier , Cosset François‐Loïc , Klatzmann David , Lemoine François M. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBackgroundLentiviral gene transfer into hematopoietic cells has been mostly optimized with vectors carrying a single reporter gene. For many clinical applications, lentiviral vectors should contain more than one gene because transduced cells should be enriched by a selectable marker or killed for safety reasons after use. Thus, we compared various vectors containing a bicistronic cassette driven by different ubiquitous promoters for their ability to transduce human T‐lymphocytes, CD34+‐cells, and dendritic cells (DCs) derived from CD34+‐cells or monocytes.MethodsWe designed HIV or SIV constructs containing a bicistronic cassette composed of two reporter genes (thy1/GFP) linked by an internal ribosome entry site sequence and driven by the cytomegalovirus (CMV) or elongation factor 1α (EF1α) promoters. The woodchuck hepatitis virus post‐transcriptional regulatory element (WPRE) was or not inserted within the constructs, the Vpx accessory protein was or not used for SIV vectors. Target cells were infected at the same multiplicity of infection, transduction efficiency was analyzed both by flow cytometry and vector integration.ResultsFor T‐cells, HIV‐based vectors/WPRE+ in which the thy1/GFP cassette was driven by the EF1α promoter were more efficient than SIV‐based vectors. For CD34+‐cells and CD34+‐derived DCs, better thy1/GFP expression was achieved when the CMV promoter drove the cassette inserted into HIV‐based vectors/WPRE+. Conversely, for monocyte‐derived DCs, the cassette yielded better thy1/GFP expression when inserted into SIV‐based vectors/WPRE+ and driven by the CMV or EF1α promoters, the use of Vpx significantly improving the expression levels.ConclusionsOur results provide guidelines for improving the transduction of T‐cells, CD34+‐cells or DCs with lentiviral bicistronic vectors designed for clinical applications. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cerebral pyruvate carboxylase flux is unaltered during bicuculline‐seizures
Authors: Patel Anant B. , Chowdhury Golam M.I. , de Graaf Robin A. , Rothman Douglas L. , Shulman Robert G. , Behar Kevin L. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe original article of this erratum was published in J Neurosci Res 2005; 79: 128–138
Investigation of a novel mixed‐mode stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography. Part III: Separation of nucleosides and nucleic acid bases on sulfonated naphthalimido‐modified silyl silica gel
Authors: Ohyama Kaname , Fujimoto Emiko , Wada Mitsuhiro , Kishikawa Naoya , Ohba Yoshihito , Akiyama Shuzo , Nakashima Kenichiro , Kuroda Naotaka 
Published: May 2005

AbstractCapillary electrochromatography (CEC) with a novel stationary phase, 3‐(4‐sulfo‐1,8‐naphthalimido)propyl‐modified silyl silica gel (SNAIP), proved useful for the separation of nucleosides and nucleic acid bases. The application scope of SNAIP, which is a relatively polar reversed‐phase (RP)‐type stationary phase, was successfully expanded to include the CEC separation of polar compounds although the combination of non‐polar RP phase with highly aqueous mobile phase is often inadequate. Due to the permanently charged sulfonic acid groups and the naphthalimidopropyl moiety, the retention of charged and relatively polar nucleosides as well as bases on the SNAIP stationary phase was effected by electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. This yielded a unique selectivity on SNAIP toward nucleosides and bases. The characteristic EOF on SNAIP, which was stronger at higher aqueous content in the mobile phase, proved suitable for the separation of polar compounds in reversed‐phase mode with highly aqueous mobile phase. In addition, when a double stepwise gradient was employed to accelerate the latest peak (adenine), the elution time was shortened to less than half its original duration.
Influence of heat flux and surface temperature on the intergranular corrosion of stainless steel
Authors: Prošek T. , Novák P. , Bystrianský J. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe exposure tests followed by metallographic evaluation and the electrochemical reactivation measurements in double‐loop (DL‐EPR) modification were used for investigation of the influence of non‐boiling heat transfer on initiation and rate of propagation of intergranular corrosion (IGC) of sensitized austenitic stainless steel EN 1.4301 (AISI 304) in sulfuric acid solutions. The influence of heat flux and surface temperature was ascertained separately. The susceptibility to IGC and the rate of crack propagation increased with the surface temperature. Heat flux from metal to solution at constant surface temperature facilitated the IGC initiation, but at the same time it caused a drop of the corrosion attack depth in the metal. The increase of the heat flux by 10 kW m−2 in a range from 0 to 42 kW m−2 led to a drop of the maximum depth of cracks formed after subsequent bending the specimen, in average by 8%. The overall danger of corrosion was lower at positive heat flux between metal and solution than under isothermal conditions at constant surface temperature of the metal. The intensification of heat flux by 10 kW m−2 had the same effect on the IGC as a change of the surface temperature by less than 2 K. Therefore, the effect of the heat flux on IGC of the heat exchangers operating under non‐boiling conditions may be considered as relatively less important than the effect of the surface temperature.
Relationship between the ennoblement of passive metals and microbe adsorption kinetics in seawater
Authors: Wei W. , Jia W. , Haibo X. , Xiangbo L. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe relationship between microbial colonization of two kinds of passive metals and ennobling of their corrosion potentials (Ecorr) were studied. Two types of passive metal coupons were exposed to natural seawater for about ten days. Under laboratory conditions, all corrosion potentials of the samples ennobled for about 200 mV. Epifluorescence microscopy showed that bacteria adsorption was the main process during about the first day immersion and bacteria reproduced in the following days. The bacteria number increased on the metal surface according to an exponential law and the kinetics of bacteria adsorption at the metal surface during this period was proposed. The ennoblement of Ecorr was similar to the increasing bacteria number: Ecorr increased quickly during the bacteria adsorption process and increased slowly after biofilms had formed.
Inclusion‐involved fatigue cracking in high temperature water
Authors: Wu X. , Katada Y. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe nonmetallic inclusions in low‐alloy pressure vessel steel A533B were carefully examined and the low cycle fatigue (LCF) behavior of the steel was investigated in 288°C air and water. Much attention was paid to the roles of inclusions on fatigue crack initiation and propagation in high temperature water. Three types of inclusions were observed in the steel, consisting of isolated or clustered sulfide inclusions, duplex oxide‐sulfide inclusions and isolated oxide inclusions. In high temperature air, fatigue cracks initiated predominantly from subsurface inclusions. In high temperature water, however, fatigue cracks initiated primarily at corrosion pits on the specimen surfaces resulted mainly from the dissolution of large or clustered sulfide inclusions. The subsurface and bulk inclusions also contributed to the fatigue cracking in high temperature water. Possible influence of the above three types of inclusions on environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) was evaluated. The fatigue fractographic features suggested a synergism between sulfide inclusions and hydrogen‐induced cracking dominate the present EAC in high temperature water.
Emergency hospital admissions in idiopathic Parkinson's disease
Authors: Woodford Henry , Walker Richard 
Published: May 2005

AbstractLittle is known about the hospital inpatient care of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we describe the features of the emergency hospital admissions of a geographically defined population of PD patients over a 4‐year period. Patients with PD were identified from a database for a Parkinson's disease service in a district general hospital with a drainage population of approximately 180,000. All admissions of this patient subgroup to local hospitals were found from the computer administration system. Two clinicians experienced in both general medicine and PD then reviewed the notes to identify reasons for admission. Admission sources and discharge destinations were recorded. Data regarding non‐PD patients was compared to PD patients on the same elderly care ward over the same time period. The total number of patients exposed to analysis was 367. There was a total exposure of 775.8 years and a mean duration of 2.11 years per patient. There were 246 emergency admissions to the hospital with a total duration of stay of 4,257 days (mean, 17.3 days). These days were accounted for by 129 patients (mean age, 78 years; 48% male). PD was first diagnosed during 12 (4.9%) of the admissions. The most common reasons for admission were as follows: falls (n = 44, 14%), pneumonia (n = 37, 11%), urinary tract infection (n = 28, 9%), reduced mobility (n = 27, 8%), psychiatric (n = 26, 8%), angina (n = 21, 6%), heart failure (n = 20, 6%), fracture (n = 14, 4%), orthostatic hypotension (n = 13, 4%), surgical (n = 13, 4%), upper gastrointestinal bleed (n = 10, 3%), stroke/transient ischemic attack (n = 8, 2%), and myocardial infarction (n = 7, 2%). The mean length of stay for the PD patients on the care of elderly ward specializing in PD care was 21.3 days compared to 17.8 days for non‐PD patients. After hospital admission, there was a reduction in those who returned to their own home from 179 to 163 and there was an increase in those requiring nursing home care from 37 to 52. Infections, cardiovascular diseases, falls, reduced mobility, and psychiatric complications accounted for the majority of admissions. By better understanding the way people with PD use hospital services, we may improve quality of care and perhaps prevent some inpatient stays and care‐home placements. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Effects of periodic leg movements during sleep in middle‐aged subjects without sleep complaints
Authors: Carrier Julie , Frenette Sonia , Montplaisir Jacques , Paquet Jean , Drapeau Caroline , Morettini Jocelyn 
Published: May 2005

AbstractRecent reports have called into question the relevance of periodic leg movements during sleep disorder (PLMSD) as a specific clinical entity. Because periodic leg movement in sleep index (PLMSI) increases with age, it has become an important exclusion criterion in research on aging. However, it is unknown if PLMSI is related to sleep quality in middle‐aged subjects without sleep complaints. The sleep of 70 healthy, middle‐aged subjects (age 40 to 60 years) without sleep complaints was evaluated. Subjects were divided into two groups according to their PLMSI severity: (1) 43 subjects (28 women, 15 men) were in the low PLMSI group (<5) and (2) 22 subjects (9 women, 13 men) were in the high PLMSI group (>10). A significantly higher proportion of men than women showed PLMSI greater than 5. There was no significant effect of PLMSI severity group for polysomnographic sleep parameters. PLMSI exerted a small but significant effect on subjective sleep quality, especially in middle‐aged men. These results raise questions about the relevance of PLMSI as a pathological index for middle‐aged subjects without sleep complaints and support the notion that an increase in PLMSI may be part of the normal process of aging associated with the loss of dopaminergic function. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Dietary fiber, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease
Authors: King Dana E. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe role of dietary fiber in the prevention of cardiovascular disease has received increasing attention as data have accumulated. Recent cohort studies have found a consistent protective effect of dietary fiber on cardiovascular disease outcomes, prompting many leading organizations to recommend increased fiber in the daily diet. However, the biologic mechanisms explaining how a fiber influences the cardiovascular system have yet to be fully elucidated. Recent research in large national sample in the USA has demonstrated an association between dietary fiber and levels of C‐reactive protein (CRP), a clinical indicator of inflammation. Epidemiologic evidence demonstrating that high‐fiber diets are beneficial, coupled with this newer evidence of a possible metabolic effect on inflammatory markers, suggest that inflammation may be an important mediator in the association between dietary fiber and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This paper reviews the evidence for the connections among inflammation, CRP, dietary fiber, and CVD, and recommends further clinical studies using fiber supplementation to isolate and prospectively confirm these important relationships.
High‐resolution magic‐angle‐spinning 1H NMR spectroscopy reveals different responses in choline‐containing metabolites upon gene therapy‐induced programmed cell death in rat brain glioma
Authors: Valonen Piia K. , Griffin Julian L. , Lehtimäki Kimmo K. , Liimatainen Timo , Nicholson Jeremy K. , Gröhn Olli H. J. , Kauppinen Risto A. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractChanges in the concentrations of choline‐containing metabolites (CCM) have been implicated in both cell proliferation and death processes. In this study, high‐resolution magic‐angle‐spinning (HRMAS) 1H NMR spectroscopy was used to study metabolite changes in the CCM chemical shift region in rat glioma ex vivo during apoptosis induced by thymidine kinase–ganciclovir gene therapy. Cell density and apoptotic activity in the tumours were quantified by histological methods. HRMAS 1H NMR was able to resolve peaks from choline (Cho), glycerophosphocholine (GPC), phosphocholine (PC), taurine (Tau) and myo‐inositol (myo‐Ins), all of which contribute to the in vivo 1H NMR peak centred at 3.23 ppm. The early phase of apoptosis (treatment day 4), with a ∼2.8‐fold increase in the number of apoptotic nuclei (at constant cell density of 1.8 ± 0.1 × 105 cells/mm3) was associated with increases in resonance intensity from GPC and PC, while Cho and Tau remained unchanged. Later stage apoptosis, accompanied by synchronous cell death (cell density declined to 0.7 ± 0.02 × 105 cells/mm3), resulted in a significant decline in Tau relative to untreated tumours, while the contents of CCMs and myo‐Ins detectable by 1H HRMAS were unchanged. These observations demonstrate that, while the in vivo 1H NMR peak at 3.23 ppm is indicative of cellular processes involved in apoptosis, the biochemical changes monitored by this resonance involve a number of different and chemically distinct metabolites. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FAWSETS perfusion measurements in exercising skeletal muscle
Authors: Marro Kenneth I. , Hyyti Outi M. , Kushmerick Martin J. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractArterial spin labeling (ASL) techniques are now recognized as valid tools for providing accurate measurements of cerebral and cardiac perfusion. The labeling process used with most ASL techniques creates two problems, magnetization transfer (MT) effects and arterial transit time effects, that require compensation. The compensation process limits time resolution and hinders absolute quantification. MT effects are particularly problematic in skeletal muscle because they are large and change rapidly during exercise. The protocol presented here was developed specifically for quantification of perfusion in exercising skeletal muscle. The ASL technique that was implemented, FAWSETS, eliminates MT effects and arterial transit times. Localized, single‐voxel perfusion measurements were acquired from rat hind limbs at rest, during ischemia and during three different levels of stimulated exercise. The results demonstrate sufficient sensitivity to determine the time constants for perfusion changes at onset of, and during recovery from, exercise and to distinguish the differences in the amplitude of the perfusion response to different levels of exercise. Additional measurements were conducted to demonstrate insensitivity to MT effects. The exercise protocol is easily adaptable to phosphorous magnetic resonance measurements, allowing the possibility to acquire local measurements of perfusion and metabolism from the same tissue in future experiments. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synaptic integration in dendritic trees
Authors: Gulledge Allan T. , Kampa Björn M. , Stuart Greg J. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractMost neurons have elaborate dendritic trees that receive tens of thousands of synaptic inputs. Because postsynaptic responses to individual synaptic events are usually small and transient, the integration of many synaptic responses is needed to depolarize most neurons to action potential threshold. Over the past decade, advances in electrical and optical recording techniques have led to new insights into how synaptic responses propagate and interact within dendritic trees. In addition to their passive electrical and morphological properties, dendrites express active conductances that shape individual synaptic responses and influence synaptic integration locally within dendrites. Dendritic voltage‐gated Na+ and Ca2+ channels support action potential backpropagation into the dendritic tree and local initiation of dendritic spikes, whereas K+ conductances act to dampen dendritic excitability. While all dendrites investigated to date express active conductances, different neuronal types show specific patterns of dendritic channel expression leading to cell‐specific differences in the way synaptic responses are integrated within dendritic trees. This review explores the way active and passive dendritic properties shape synaptic responses in the dendrites of central neurons, and emphasizes their role in synaptic integration. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 64: 75–90, 2005
Local translational control in dendrites and its role in long‐term synaptic plasticity
Authors: Sutton Michael A. , Schuman Erin M. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractLocal protein synthesis in dendrites has emerged as a key mechanism contributing to enduring forms of synaptic plasticity. Although the translational capability of dendrites has been appreciated for over 20 years, it is only recently that significant progress has been made in elucidating mechanisms that contribute to its regulation. It is clear from work over the last few years that the control of translation in dendrites is complex, involving a host of unique (and often surprising) mechanisms that can operate together or in parallel to tightly control gene expression in time and space. Here, we discuss the strategies used by neurons to regulate translation in dendrites and how these are implemented in the service of long‐term information storage. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 64: 116–131, 2005