bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Economic and Social Impacts of Providing Universal Healthcare in the United States: A Rapid Scoping Review
Authors: Welch Sarah B. , Navrange Neha , Wetoska Nina , Capan Selin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: The United States has the unfortunate distinction of spending much more on healthcare than other countries around the world while also having poorer health outcomes.Understanding the economic and social impacts of solutions to the current state of high healthcare costs and poor outcomes is critical both from an economic and social perspective. A detailed investigation into the costs and benefits, both economic and social, is needed to understand the impact of implementing a universal healthcare model in the US.
Methods: We conducted a rapid scoping review of recent literature related to universal healthcare in the United States to identify its potential economic and social impacts. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar articles published between 2020-2023, in English, and focused on universal healthcare in the US. Exclusion criteria included discussions of medical conditions without a specific tie to universal coverage, books, political think tank publications, graduate student scholarship, reference chapters in encyclopedias, and duplicate articles. Two researchers reviewed, summarized, and coded the sources.
Results: Our search yielded 2070 results with 67 documents included in the final scoping review. Analysis uncovered five themes related to the economic impact of implementing a universal healthcare model in the US: 1) government spending, 2) individual spending and income, 3) national health expenditures, 4) impact on the US’s gross domestic product and economy, and 5) impacts on specific costs and cost-controls. Identified social impacts included 1) healthcare access, utilization, and health outcomes, 2) quality of care, 3) patient and provider experience, 4) individual and societal externalities, 5) potential opposition and support, and 6) equity.
Conclusions: On balance, the economic and social impacts of implementing a universal healthcare system in the US are overwhelmingly positive. To be sure, there will be some sectors that will not benefit from this change, many political hurdles to overcome, and valid concerns remain about ensuring the system does not duplicate and perpetuate the current system’s inequalities and inefficiencies. When looked at overall however, a universal healthcare system in the US will be vastly superior to the current system and will improve health for less money.
Evaluation of the impact of an online video game as an educational intervention on sexual health and the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of sexually transmitted infection: A randomised controlled trial protocol
Authors: Martinez-Satorres Alba , Roca-Saumell Carme , Escale-Besa Anna , Arcarons-Marti Marta , Fernandez-Segura Francisco Javier , Wagner Carolina Allegra , Pires-Nuñez Pablo , Turmo-Tristan Nuria , Diez-Garcia Lorena , Maron-Lopez Andrea , Marti-Oltra Zulema , Lasagabaster-Uriarte Maria , Vanrell-Nicolau Marta , Silva-Torres Sonia Da , Ruiz-Torres Alvaro , Pino-Prieto Pablo , Pillay Dhyaanenshan , Casaldaliga-Sola Angels , Lazaro-Navarro Xavi , Martin Maria Isabel Fernandez San 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background:
The incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is increasing, especially among young people. Tools are needed to increase knowledge about sex education and STI prevention and treatment. Gamification can be a good training tool for both young people and health professionals. The primary objective of this study is to assess the impact of a training intervention on STI prevention, detection, and treatment in primary care professionals.
Methods/design: We propose a multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial.
Groups of primary care professionals will receive an intervention (online video game on sex education and STIs [SEXIT]) and will be compared with control groups that will not receive the intervention. Group assignments will be randomised by clusters.
The study will consist of a pre-post evaluation of the intervention: a knowledge test will be administered before and after the intervention and 3 months after the intervention. This test will also be carried out in the same time sequence on control groups. The impact of the training intervention will be evaluated for 6 months by studying different variables related to the clinical approach to STIs by studying the clinical records of diagnostic tests and antibiotic prescriptions related to the clinical approach to STIs.
The required sample size is 262 (131 per group).
Discussion: An improvement in knowledge and in clinical behavioural outcomes after the intervention is expected for participants in the intervention groups compared to the control groups. We plan to develop an educational video game to increase knowledge about sexuality, STIs and violence.
Large-scale three-dimensional experimental investigation on potential high position landslide‑induced waves in Gushui Reservoir, China
Authors: Chen Shizhuang , Xu Weiya , Feng Yelin , Yan Long , Zhang Yangyang , Cao Fengyuan , Wang Huanling , Xie Wei-Chau 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The occurrence of landslides in reservoir areas and the potential secondary disasters near dams are characterized by their sudden and catastrophic nature, often limiting the availability of actual measurement data. To address this challenge, prototype physical model test always proves to be valuable method to replicate or reproduce such geological hazards. In this study, we focused on the Meilishi landslide in the Gushui reservoir area as a case study to analyze the potential threat of high position landslide-induced waves under gravity. Based on field investigations and relevant statistical geological data, a large-scale three-dimensional physical model was carried out that integrated the interactions of the landslide, the river, and the dam. With a scale of 1:150, the model had the dimensions of 57, 27, and 8 m. Water level and the maximum sliding velocity into the water were selected as independent variables, leading to a total of 18 experiments. An adaptive landslide motion simulation system based on velocity equivalence and a comprehensive measurement system with tracking technology based on hydrodynamics were independently developed. Those approaches allowed us to reveal the propagation characteristics and attenuation laws of high position landslide-induced waves in a curved channel under various complex conditions. The data showed that the maximum wave run-up height on dam was 17.97 m under the most dangerous working condition (H3C09). Importantly, this value did not exceed the maximum height of dam, indicating a certain level of safety margin for the dam. Combined with the data of different working conditions, the optimal window for landslide risk prevention and control warnings was within 550 s after the onset of landslide instability. The key parameters predicted by the tests, including head wave height, wave run-up height on the opposite bank, wave run-up height on dam, and the propagation times, provided a technical basis and valuable reference for dam engineering design and safety. These results make significant contributions to the prevention and control of similar surges hazard induced by high position landslides around the world.
An Automatic, Non-Invasive Method to Monitor Respiratory Muscle Effort During Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Gutierrez Guillermo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study introduces a method to non-invasively and automatically quantify respiratory muscle effort (Pmus) during mechanical ventilation (MV). The methodology hinges on numerically solving the respiratory system's equation of motion, utilizing measurements of airway pressure (Paw) and airflow (Faw). To evaluate the technique's effectiveness, Pmus was correlated with expected physiological responses. In volume-control (VC) mode, where tidal volume (VT) is pre-determined, Pmus is expected to be linked to Paw fluctuations. In contrast, during pressure-control (PC) mode, where Paw is held constant, Pmus should correlate with VT variations.
Methods
The study utilized data from 250 patients on invasive MV. The data included detailed recordings of Paw and Faw, sampled at 31.25 Hz and saved in 131.2-second epochs, each covering 34 to 41 breaths. The algorithm identified 51,268 epochs containing breaths on either VC or PC mode exclusively. In these epochs, Pmus and its pressure-time product (PmusPTP) were computed and correlated with Paw's pressure-time product (PawPTP) and VT, respectively.
Dystonia-parkinsonism as the Presenting Feature of Hypothalamic Germinoma
Authors: Barros Lívio Leite , Silva Walisson Grangeiro Bringel , Lima Pedro Lucas Grangeiro de Sá Barreto , Araújo David Augusto Batista Sá , Filho Duílio Reis Rocha , Gerson Gunter , Guimarães Thiago Gonçalves , Dias Daniel Aguiar , Paiva Anderson Rodrigues Brandão , Braga-Neto Pedro , Nóbrega Paulo Ribeiro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Parkinsonism is more often caused by lesions affecting the basal ganglia but may also occur in lesions outside of this region.
Case report: We report a case of a 17-year-old boy that presented with imbalance, slowing of movements, and abnormal posturing of the right arm. Neuroimaging revealed a lesion involving the right hypothalamus, with mild volume loss of the left thalamus and putamen.
Discussion: Parkinsonism caused by brain tumors is very rare. To our knowledge there is no previous report of germinomas causing parkinsonism or dystonia. Most previously reported cases of parkinsonism secondary to tumors had a favorable outcome after tumor excision, but dopaminergic treatment was ineffective. This challenging case highlights the possibility of secondary causes for dystonia-parkinsonism and the possibility of lesions outside the main basal ganglia circuit presenting with parkinsonism.
Safety Equipment Wearing Detection Algorithm for Electric Power Workers Based on RepGFPN-YOLOv5
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Chen Xiuchuan , Shen Yu , Abdullahi Hauwa Suleiman , Gao Shangbing , Wang Chao , Zhang Xingchao , Zhang Haiyan , Yang Wenjun , Zhou Liguo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Wearing inspection safety equipment such as insulating gloves and safety helmets is an important guarantee for safe power operations. Given the low accuracy of the traditional insulating gloves and helmet-wearing detection algorithm and the problems of missed detection and false detection, this paper proposes an improved safety equipment wearing detection model named RepGFPN-YOLOv5 based on YOLOv5. This paper first uses the K-Means + + algorithm to analyze the data set for Anchor parameter size re-clustering to optimize the target anchor box size; secondly, it uses the neck network (Efficient Reparameterized Generalized Feature Pyramid Network, RepGFPN), which combines the efficient layer aggregation network ELAN and the re-parameterization mechanism), to reconstruct the YOLOv5 neck network to improve the feature fusion ability of the neck network; reintroduce the coordinate attention mechanism (Coordinate Attention, CA) to focus on small target feature information; finally, use WIoU_Loss as the loss function of the improved model to reduce prediction errors. Experimental results show that the RepGFPN-YOLOv5 model achieves an accuracy increase of 2.1% and an mAP value of 2.3% compared with the original YOLOv5 network, and detection speed of the improved model reaches 89FPS.The code: https://github.com/CVChenXC/RepGFPN-YOLOv5.git.
Association of overweight and obesity with cardiovascular disease morbidity and adverse outcomes in older adults: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Su Donghai , Chen Liyuan , Ding Jiacheng , Wang Junjie , Shi Songhe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: The effect of baseline overweight and obesity status on cardiovascular disease(CVD) morbidity and adverse outcomes remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the association between overweight, obesity and CVD morbidity, mortality, and all-cause mortality in Chinese older individuals.
Methods:This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from electronic health examination records of 86,049 older individuals aged ≥ 60 years in Xinzheng City, Henan Province, China, from January 2011 to December 2019. Cox proportional risk regression models and competing risk models were utilized to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD morbidity and mortality, as well as all-cause mortality, in overweight and obese individuals. Restricted cubic splines were employed to evaluate dose-response associations.
Results:During a median follow-up of 5.96 years, 35,731 older individuals were diagnosed with CVD. The total number of participant deaths was 17,029, with 7,605 deaths from CVD. The morbidity of CVD was higher in the overweight and obese groups compared to the normal BMI group, with HRs of 1.06(95%CI, 1.02-1.10) and 1.23(95%CI, 1.16-1.30), respectively. Competing risk models controlling for fatal events showed an increased morbidity of CVD in the overweight and obese groups, with HRs of 1.15(95%CI, 1.11-1.18) and 1.31(95%CI, 1.26-1.37), respectively. In contrast, the overweight group had a reduced risk of all-cause mortality and CVD mortality compared to the normal BMI group, with HRs of 0.91(95%CI, 0.88-0.94) and 0.89(95%CI, 0.82-0.97), respectively. The study found that the risk of all-cause mortality was lower in the obese group, with HRs of 0.89(95%CI, 0.82-0.97). Participants had the lowest risk of all-cause mortality and CVD mortality when their BMI was between 26 and 28 kg/m². The restricted cubic spline plots showed a J-shaped association between BMI and CVD morbidity and an inverse J-shaped association with CVD mortality and all-cause mortality.
Conclusion:Overweight and obesity are positively correlated with the morbidity of CVD and negatively correlated with all-cause mortality in Chinese older individuals. However, it cannot be assumed that there is a negative correlation between obesity and CVD mortality. Therefore, obese individuals should aim to reduce weight appropriately, and overweight individuals should take appropriate measures to prevent obesity.
The Impact of state Corporate Opportunity Waivers on county entrepreneurial outcomes in the United States
Authors: Patel Pankaj C. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study examines the impact of corporate opportunity waivers (COWs) on local entrepreneurial initiatives in counties across the United States. Using a reduced-form differences-in-differences approach based on intent-to-treat, we investigate the causal relationship between the phased adoption of COW by states and changes in county-level business applications, establishment activity, and regional entrepreneurial acceleration index (REAI). Using the traditional two-way fixed-effects (TWFE) approach we find that COW increases business applications in early years, followed by establishment activity in later years (t + 3 to t + 5), and increases regional entrepreneurial acceleration index (REAI). However, using Callaway and Sant’ Anna’s approach for testing staggered adoption none of the effects are supported. The findings have implications for regional entrepreneurship literature.
JEL Codes: L26; M13; O18; R11; D22
Associations of Four Surrogate Insulin Resistance Indexes with Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Chinese Patients with Obesity
Authors: Xiao jinfeng , Zhang Xinxin , Chang Lina , Yu Hong , Sun Longhao , Zhu Chonggui , He Qing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives This study was designed to evaluate the association of four surrogate indexes of IR with NASH in patients with obesity.
Methods A total of 270 patients who underwent bariatric surgery, were included in this cross-sectional study. NASH was diagnosed based on liver biopsies. Binary logistics regression analyses were performed to assess the associations of four surrogate indexes of IR (HOMA-IR, Matsuda index, TyG, and TG/HDL-C) with NASH in patients with obesity. The restricted cubic spline was used to assess the dose-response associations of surrogate indexes of IR with NASH after adjusting for confounding factors.
Results NASH was diagnosed in 136 patients, with a prevalence of 50.37%. Compared with tertile 1, the fully adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of NASH for tertile 3 were 2.711(1.113-6.608) and 0.297 (0.152-0.579) for TyG and Matsuda index. Consistently, per SD increment of TyG were still significantly associated with 64% increased risks of NASH, and per SD increment of Matsuda index were still significantly associated with 38% decreased risks of NASH. In contrast, no significant associations were found between HOMA-IR and TG/HDL-C and the risk of NASH in patients with obesity (all P > 0.05).
Conclusions In patients with obesity, TyG and Matsuda index were independently related to the risk of NASH after adjustment for traditional risk factors. In addition, compared with HOMA-IR and TG/HDL-C, the Matsuda index and TyG may be more suitable for NASH prediction in patients with obesity. Keywords Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, Insulin resistance, Obesity
Studying several parameters on unreinforced masonry infill walls R.C framed structure by SeismoStruct program
Authors: Metwaly Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Reinforced concrete infilled-frames (IF) are commonly used in buildings in the world nowadays. They are often built schools, offices, dwellings, and hospitals, and other kinds of residential and public buildings. The infilled is generally considered a nonstructural element and is ignored in design and analysis despite his strong interaction with the bounding RC frame. Unreinforced Masonry infill walls (URM) are commonly used in the Reinforced Concrete (RC) framed structures as interiors and exterior partition walls. In this research, the behavior of infilled frames is inspected through studying eight frame models were studying several parameters on unreinforced masonry infill walls R.C framed structure such as bare frame (BF), infilled-frame (IF), infill panel with different compressive strength and infill panel with different thickness. Verification studies are performed on one previous experimental works through nonlinear pushover analysis. The analysis showed that increase compressive strength of infill panel increase capacity and thickness of infill panel increase capacity.
Antimicrobial graphene-TiO2 surface coating method for dental implants and abutments
Authors: Marashde Chereen , Moufti M. Adel , Hamad Mohamad , Alami Abdul Hai , Rojas-Andrade Mauricio D. , Sulaiman Ashna , Abla Fatima 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite the pivotal role of dental implants in restorative dentistry, persistent microbial adhesion and biofilm formation on implant surfaces pose significant challenges, often leading to peri-implant diseases and implant failure. Antimicrobial coatings, particularly those employing titanium dioxide (TiO2) and graphene, show promise in addressing these issues by harnessing their potent antimicrobial properties upon UV activation. Here, we present a facile method for depositing graphene onto TiO2-coated titanium substrates using a bulk turbostratic blasting technique and examine the potential synergistic antibacterial effect of graphene and TiO2 under UV-A irradiation.
Methods
Titanium and TiO2 substrates were coated with graphene using a bulk turbostratic technique and graphite powder. Deposition of graphene, TiO2, and graphene/TiO2 onto titanium substrates was assessed by Raman microscopy. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by colony-forming unit counts of Escherichia coli suspensions following exposure to varied durations of UV-A light in the presence of TiO2 and graphene/TiO2 substrates. To ensure reproducibility, three samples of each material underwent testing on three distinct days. Statistical comparison among study groups was conducted utilizing a two-tailed Student t-test, where values with P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results
Graphene deposition onto TiO2 was successfully accomplished using optimized turbostratic blasting parameters: 3 passes at 6.5 MPa pressure with substrates positioned 5 cm from the nozzle. Verification of successful deposition was confirmed by the presence of D, G, and 2D bands observed in the Raman spectra post-deposition. Importantly, few-layer graphene and not graphite was deposited under these conditions as evidenced by the position and width of the 2D band. Titanium substrates coated solely with TiO2 exhibited near-complete bacterial eradication upon 10 minutes of UV-A exposure. However, the introduction of a graphene layer led to a noticeable reduction in the antibacterial efficacy.
Conclusions
These results showcase the efficacy of a cost-effective turbostratic blasting method for graphene deposition onto TiO2 surfaces. While the impact of graphene on antimicrobial activity is evident, additional refinement of the TiO2/graphene interface is necessary to harness their synergistic effects. This optimization is pivotal for developing surface coatings that are amenable to processing by dental professionals and can robustly deter bacterial colonization on dental implants and abutments.
De novo biosynthesis of anthocyanins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using metabolic pathway synthases from blueberry
Authors: Mei Xuefeng , Hua Deping , Liu Na , Zhang Lilin , Tian Yujing , Zhao Baiping , Huang Jinhai , Zhang Lei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background Anthocyanins are water-soluble flavonoids in plants, which give plants bright colors and are widely used as food coloring agents, nutrients, and cosmetic additives. There are several limitations for traditional techniques of collecting anthocyanins from plant tissues, including species, origin, season, and technology. The benefits of using engineering microbial production of natural products include ease of use, controllability, and high efficiency.
Results In this study, ten genes of anthocyanins synthetic pathway were successfully cloned from anthocyanin-rich plant materials blueberry fruit and purple round eggplant rind. The Yeast Fab Assembly technology was utilized to construct the transcriptional units of these genes under different promoters. The transcriptional units of PAL and C4H, 4CL and CHSwere fused and inserted into Chr. XVI and IV of yeast strain JDY52 respectively using homologous recombination to gain Strain A. The fragments containing the transcriptional units of CHI and F3H, F3'H and DFRwere inserted into Chr. III and XVI to gain Strain B1. Strain B2 has the transcriptional units of ANS and 3GT in Chr. IV. Several anthocyanins, including cyanidin, peonidin, pelargonidin, petunidin, and malvidin, were detected by LC-MS/MS following the predicted outcomes of the de novo biosynthesis of anthocyanins in S. cerevisiae using a multi-strain co-culture technique.
ConclusionWe propose a novel concept for advancing the heterologous De novo anthocyanin synthesis pathway, as well as fundamental information and a theoretical framework for the ensuing optimization of the microbial synthesis of anthocyanins.