bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Alar and Light Intensity on some Vegetative Growth Characteristics of Juniper Plant (Juniperus Sabina L.)
Authors: Abbas A A , Al-Bakkar A H A Q 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The research carried out at the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering in the Agricultural Research and Experiment Station of the College of Agriculture / University of Kirkuk in Al-Sayada, which is located at an altitude of 300 meters above sea level and at 35.23 North latitude and 44.20 East longitude. The aim of the study is to know the effect of foliar spraying with alar in three concentrations (0, 750 and 1500) mg.L−1, where the plants were sprayed after planting twice on (6/7/2021 and 6/22/2021) and two levels of light intensity. (50% of the light intensity inside the wooden canopy and 100% of the light intensity under direct sunlight) on the growth of juniper plants and to determine if juniper cultivation is successful in Kirkuk’s particular environmental and climatic circumstances, . A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used to conduct the experiment. The treatments were distributed randomly to the experimental units, with three replications, three seedlings in one experimental unit. The plants were grown in each experimental unit, three plants, the distance between one plant and another was 40 cm, and the distance between one replication and another was 1 meter. The characteristic of the length of the long branches from the base of the main branch, and the characteristic of the length of the short branches at the end of the main branches, which amounted to (3,255 branches.plant−1, 28,460 cm, 12,533 cm) respectively, which did not differ significantly between them at the end of the experiment.
Estimation of some Genetic Parameters and Field Evaluation for Pure Lines of Cherry Tomato
Authors: Alwan O K , Al-Zuhairy N S A , Badri A N 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
An experiment was carried out in one of Unheated greenhouses of the Department of Horticulture and Landscaping at the College of Agriculture-Diyala University during the fall season2021/2022 where the seeds were sown eight pure lines of Cherry tomato the entry is:(LA3002, LA2838A, LA0797, LA4355, LA7371, LA3534, LA3535, LA3530)With the aim of evaluating its field performance and estimating some of its genetic parameters, the following characteristics were studied: number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight (g), plant yield (g), total yield (Ton greenhouse −1), vitamin C, Lycopene and beta-carotene100gm −1. and the results showed that lines the pure ones differed significantly among themselves under the probability level of 0.05 and 0.01 in all studied traits, and outperforming the pure line LA2838A Significantly four characteristics: the number of fruits in the plant and vitamin C Lycopene and beta-carotene reached (365.666 fruits.plant−1, 0.326 mg .100 gm−1, 5.62 mg. gm−1 and 0.333 mg. gm−1), respectively. The genetic, environmental and phenotypic variance differed from zero significantly for all studied traits, and the genetic variance was greater than the environmental variance for all traits, and the values of heritability in the broad sense and the expected genetic improvement as a percentage of the average trait were high for all traits except for lycopene trait if it was average for both.
The Role of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers and Spraying with some Elements on some Vegetative and Yield Characteristics of Strawberry Cv. Albion
Authors: Alsobihi M H N , Saleh S A A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted at the research station of the College of Agriculture - University of Anbar during the agricultural season 2021 to study the effect of adding types of organic fertilizer (without addition, poultry manure, manufactured organic fertilizer) which are symbolized by (M0, M1, M2) respectively. The combination of the recommendation and half of the recommendation with spraying with a some elements that contains calcium, boron, zinc, magnesium, amino acids and molybdenum, and it was at 6 levels (T1 fertilizer recommendation without spraying, T2 fertilizer recommendation with growth stimulator spray 2.5 g L-1, T3 fertilizer recommendation with a spray of 5 g L−1, T4 is half recommended without spraying, T5 half recommended with spraying 2.5 g L−1 and T6 half recommended with spraying 5 g L−1) on some vegetative growth and yield characteristics of strawberry. The results showed that the addition of organic fertilizer and poultry manure gave the highest value in the number of leaves (80.82leaf plant−1), the number of crowns (7.328 crown plant−1), the leaf area (88.81 dm2 plant−1), and the leaf content of chlorophyll (333.69 mg 100 g weight fresh-1) and the weight of the fruit is (41.47 g fruit −1) and the total yield is (712.17 g plant −1).
Study Reactive Effects of Lighting Systems and Addition Melatonin and L - Tryptophane on Heat Shock Proteins (HSP70), Melatonin and The Antioxidant Status in Broiler Chicken Managed in Hot Climates
Authors: Kadim E M , Alhamdani A A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The study examined how lighting system, feed additive, or their synergy reduces the negative effects of hot climates on broiler chicks in Iraq. Two light programs were tested. CLP is the first program, with 23 hours of light and one hour of scotoperiod. The second program, Intermittent Lighting Program (ILP), consisted of 9 hours’ photoperiod, 3 hours scotoperiod, and 4 nutritive treatments. T1 (Control). T2 adds 0.50 mg/kg/ration melatonin. T3 adds 400 mg/kg/ration tryptophane. T4 adds 400 mg/kg tryptophane and cofactors. 240 one-day-old male Ross 308 chicks with a mean body weight of 47 gm were managed until day 7 of the experiment. Three replicates of 10 chicks were randomly assigned to 8 treatments. The experiment lasted 49 days. ILP improved (P < 0.05) in heat shock proteins. HSP70 vs. CLP T2, T3, and T4 improved significantly from T1. ILP also benefits from feed additive interaction. The interaction between feed additive and lighting program showed that T2 in CLP and T3 in ILP improved significantly (P < 0.05) compared to T1, T3, and T4 of CLP and T1 and T2 of ILP, but not T4. In conclusion, intermittent lighting with or without nutritional additives mitigated the negative effects of hot climates on broilers’ antioxidant status and HSP70 levels.
A Comparative Study of Calcium Metabolism between Quail and Domestic Rabbits
Authors: Esmail B H , Rashied R M , Salman M I 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The existing study was conducted to evaluate calcium; vitamin D and calcitonin concentration in two types of amniotes that live in the Iraqi environment include the local rabbit and the Japanese quail. The study included 18 female Japanese quail Coturnix coturnix, weighing 145.5 ± 34.341 g, they were 16 weeks in ages and 18 female local rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus, at the age of one years and 1438.5 ± 284.988 g in weight. The results showed that the mean serum calcium concentration in bird and rabbit were 8.134±0.450 (mg/dl) and 7.267±1.761 (mg/dl) respectively and it was significantly at at 0.066 higher in bird in comparison to rabbit, the mean of vitamin D in bird and rabbit were 24.22± 3.159 (ng/ml) and 28.43±4.632 (ng/ml) respectively and it was significantly higher in rabbit than bird at 0.007 while the mean serum calcitonin concentration in bird and rabbit were 1.354±0.1960 (mg/dl) and 1.676±0.4151 (mg/dl) respectively and it was significantly at 0.009 higher in rabbit in comparison to bird. Egg laying, shell calcification and medullary bone formation induce more extra demand of calcium in birds while the high rate of teeth erupting demand extra calcium in rabbits, the metabolism of vitamin D will be altered indirectly by these process which associated with increased requirements for calcium. The study showed an increase in the level of calcium in both rabbits and quail birds, and that this increase will change the metabolism of vitamin D, and many physiological processes will occur.
Effects of Dietary Addition of Natural and Nano Zinc Oxide to the Diet on the Physiological State of Common Carp
Authors: AlNoori A A , AlKhshali Mohammed S , Abuelheni J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The study was carried to find out the effect of natural zinc oxide and nano zinc oxide on the physiological state of common carp. The experiment was divided into 7 treatments that included the control treatment without any addition, the second, third and fourth treatment by adding zinc oxide nanoparticles at concentrations of 25,50 and 75 mg/kg feed respectively, the fifth, sixth and seventh treatment by adding natural zinc oxide at the same concentrations above. The results showed that the T5, T6 and T7 treatments were significantly superior (P>0.01) in the number of red blood cells, while the T2 treatment recorded the lowest number and amounted to 0.95 cells x 106 / mm3, T7 recorded highest range of white blood cells amounted 10.15 cells x 10³ / mm3. The two treatments, T5 and T7, excelled in the size of the packed blood cells, and no significant differences were recorded among the treatments. The two treatments T5 and T7 recorded the highest levels of hemoglobin in the blood, reaching 12.05 and 11.95 g/ dl, respectively. It is clear from the results of the cholesterol values that the T7 recorded the highest concentration, amounting to 127.90 mg/100ml. It can be concluded from the study that the addition of zinc nanoparticles to the fish diet improves the level of performance without causing any harm to the fish and the blood picture was within the normal ranges.
A study of egg quality characteristics for two Asiatic (Coturnix japonica) and two European (Coturnix coturnix) quail lines
Authors: Salih JH , Hassan AM , Hussen SH 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The present study was carried out at the Dept. of Animal Production, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. A total of 64 female quails from four lines involved two European (White and Dark Ukrainian) and two Asiatic (White and Dark Local) aged 56 days old, were equally distributed into four trial groups containing 16 birds for each. The aim was to investigate both external and internal egg quality characteristics. The following traits were measured; weights, lengths (high) and diameters of egg, yolk, albumen and shell; and the indices of shape, yolk and albumen were computed; also, Haugh units and percentages of yolk, albumen and shell were calculated. The results revealed the significant (p<0.01) superiority of European quails on Asiatic ones in egg quality characteristics; also, the white Ukrainian line appeared a significant difference (p<0.01) compared to the rest lines for egg weight and yolk percentage; however, Haugh units resulted in almost the same values for both European lines which surpassed significantly (p<0.01) both Asiatic ones; the same trend was found for albumen index. Most correlation coefficients between egg quality characteristics were significant (p<0.01), and the highest coefficient was between Haugh units and albumen index (0.89); therefore, the regression analysis derived an effective equation between them for future prediction with a high coefficient of variation (R2= 0.8). In conclusion, Ukrainian-European quail surpassed in its egg quality Asiatic ones, and Haugh units as a major quality indicator can be predicted from the albumen index for quail’s eggs.
Effect of Adding L-Arginine to Broiler Diets on Production and Physiological Performance
Authors: Khaleel A I , Saed Z J M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The present work was aimed to study the effect of L-arginine level to dietary, this study was conducted in the poultry field of the Animal Production Department at the College of Agriculture / University of Anbar for the period from 10/26/2022 to 12/7/2022 (42 days), with the aim of studying the comparison of adding different ratios of L-Arginine and a percentage of vitamin C in Productive and physiological performance of broiler chickens. In the study, 150 broiler chicks (unsexed) Ross strain (308) were used in the study, at the age of one day. They were individually weighed and randomly distributed to five experimental treatments, with three replications per treatment (10 birds replicated). First treatment is control with not addition, second treatment included the addition of L-Arginine at a rate of 1g/1kg of feed, third treatment included the addition of L-Arginine at a rate of 1.5g/1kg of feed, fourth treatment included the addition of L-Arginine at a rate of 2 gm / 1 kg of feed and fifth treatment included the addition of vitamin C at a rate of 300 mg / 1 kg of feed. The results of the production performance study and the economic indicator showed that the use of the above-determined ratios of arginine and vitamin C in diets had no significant effect on weight gain, body weight, feed conversion factor, and mortality at (P≤0.05).
Spraying with Local Anemone Flower Extract and Isoflurane and its Effect on Serum Characteristics of Broiler Chickens Transferred During Different Seasons
Authors: Al Tamimi M S , Shanound A Q , Mohammed M O , Mustafa N AG 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The effects of anemone flower extract and isoflurane on broiler chickens transported in different seasons were discovered. Different densities of broiler chickens in transport cages were used in the field experiment in February, March, July and August. As it was divided, Ross 308 birds received 10 treatments per transfer and three replicates per treatment. The following is T1 control without spraying and 10 birds in the cage. Control of T2 without spraying and 12 birds in the cage. T3 Spraying 10 caged birds with a 2% extract of local anemone flowers. T4 Spray the birds with the extract at 4% and 10 birds per cage. T5 Spraying 10 caged birds with 6% extract. T6 Use 2% extract to spray the birds. Birds number 12 in the cage. T7 Use 4% extract to spray the birds. Birds number 12 in the cage. T8 spraying the birds with the extract at 6% and 12 birds in the cage. T9 sprays birds with isoflurane at 6%, 10 per cage. T10 Applying 6% isoflurane to birds. ALT liver enzymes dropped significantly. T9, T10, and T5 recorded international units of 12.01, 12.06, and 12.17, respectively, compared to T1 and T2, which recorded 12.92 and 12.96.
The Biophysiological Impact of Alcoholic Extract of Turamic with or without Folic Acid in Awassi Ewes, Comparative Study
Authors: Alsaadi S A , Abdulazeez S T , Baker A G 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The aim of the study was to demonstrate the physiological effectiveness of the alcoholic extract of curcumin with or without the addition of folic acid in some blood measurements and biochemical characteristics blood of adult ewes, compare the coefficients and find the best treatment in terms of positive changes to the physiological status of the animal’s body. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of alcoholic extract of curcumin at a concentration of (100 mg/mL/kg) and folic acid at a concentration of (8 mg/ mL/kg) and their combination based on these coefficients in twenty ewes and for sixty days. the current study indicated effect of alcoholic extract of curcumin and folic acid and curcumin-folic acid mixture groups as a decrease in blood sugar and total protein levels, an increase in blood albumin levels and a decrease in liver enzymes represented by Aspartate Aminotransferase and Alanine Aminotransferase. This study was concluded that using of alcoholic extract of turmeric and folic acid alone and as a combination led to significant and vital changes in some of the chemical qualities of Awassi sheep in terms of a decrease in blood sugar and total protein levels, in conjunction with an increase in serum albumin levels and a decrease in liver enzymes in the study parameters.
Investigation of some Bacterial Species Contaminated with some Foods in Baghdad Regions
Authors: Al-Shamary E I , Seedra Z T , Sheikh A A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The study aimed to detect and diagnose intestinal bacteria that do not ferment sorbitol, which contaminate some foods in Baghdad because they are known to be responsible for major health problems all over the world, study their resistance to antibiotics, and find some solutions to the problem of their resistance to antibiotics. Twenty -nine bacterial isolates were obtained from different food samples, including minced meat, burgers, white cheese, and salads, and it was found that only 4 of them were not fermented for sorbitol, as they appeared in pale yellow color. The results of VITEK2 test showed the attribution of these isolates to the species Citrobacterr freuadii, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella Pneumoniae ssp pneumoniae and Proteus hauseri with probability rates (87%, 99%, 95% and 87%), respectively. It was found that there was a variation in the resistance of the four locally isolated bacteria to the antibiotics under test. Citrobacter freuadii and hauseri Proteus were found to be resistant to each of the two antibiotics: Amoxicillin and Methicillin at all concentrations. Acinetobacter baumannii was resistant to the two antibiotics: Ampicillin and Methicillin. The results confirm the contamination of the studied food samples with some types of pathological intestinal bacteria, and the resistance of some of them to some antibiotics, and the possibility of inhibiting them with some plant extracts.
Enhancing Volatile Oil in Mentha piperita L. Through the Application of Nano Iron Oxide and Vitamin B3 (Niacin) Spraying Treatments
Authors: Ali W S , Al-Bayaty A J A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of nano iron oxide and vitamin B3 (niacin) application on the volatile oil of Mentha piperita L. plant. Nano iron oxide was used at concentrations of 0, 40, 80, and 120 mg. L−1, while vitamin B3 (niacin) was applied at 0, 50, and 100 mg.L−1 in distilled water. The results demonstrated that spraying the combination of nano iron oxide (120 mg.L−1) and niacin (100 mg.L−1) in distilled water led to a significant increase in the effective compounds of the volatile oil represented by Menthol, Menthone, Menthofurane, Cis-carane, 1.8 Cineole, Limonene, β-Pinene and Trans-caryophylline, at concentrations of 75.575, 43.473, 43.792, 42.941, 35.601, 33.705, 33.500, and 29.925 mg/ml, respectively. These findings highlight the potential benefits of nano iron oxide and niacin application in enhancing volatile oil in Mentha piperita L. plant.
Improving the Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Supported Ice Cream Fortified with Dates by Adding Kappa-Carrageenan
Authors: Al-Tameemi E K , Obaid A A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The aim of the research is to introduce kappa-carrageenan in the manufacture of ice cream instead of carboxymethyl cellulose and to know its effect on the chemical and biological properties. three replicates of the control treatment T1, two replicates of the treatment in which 50% of the CMC was replaced with kappa-carrageenan T2, and three replicates of the treatment in which all of the CMC was replaced with kappa-carrageenan T3. The chemical composition of Zuhdi dates were (70.69, 59.20, 2.68, 0.47, 2.57, and 18.28 %) for each of the total sugars, reducing sugars, protein, fats, total ash and moisture (respectively). The physical examinations of Al-Zuhdi dates showed that the solids value was 75.00, the refractive index was 1.3560, the color intensity was 1.50, and pH was 6.60. pH was in between T1 and T3 amounted to 6.6 and 6.8, respectively, and the total acidity between T1 and T3 were 0.23 and 0.20, respectively, and the results showed no significant differences for the total solids, they were (28, 29, and 30%) and the refractive index was 1.3810, 1.3811, and 1.3837. Sensory tests showed that there were significant (P≤0.05) differences for the ice cream in texture, composition, resistance to melting, and no significant differences appeared in taste, color, and external appearance, and there was no growth of microorganisms and total number of bacteria, Psychrophile bacteria, coliform bacteria, yeasts, and molds.
DNA Marker Identification of Trichoderma and Fusarium Level Species
Authors: Hussein L F , Saadullah A A M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Mycotoxins, a class of biologically active toxic secondary metabolites with a wide structural range and complexity, are generated as contaminants in human and animal food by a variety of toxigenic Molds. The toxic effects caused differ depending on the type of mycotoxin present in the food. Environmental variables as substrate composition and texture, temperature, and humidity influence toxin production and the degree of contamination of feed and food items. Fusarium and Trichoderma species which produce mycotoxins in animal feed and different cereals can be laborious as well as more time to identify due to hard colony and hyphal characteristics. Aim of the study was isolation and identification of fungi from 30 samples of poultry feeds and some agricultural products as well as molecular identification for Trichoderma and Fusarium species with the detection of mycotoxin related gene. Ribosomal gene region (ITS), Translation elongation factor, Beta-tubulin with elongation factor (EF1) used for species identification of Trichoderma and Fusarium respectively. PCR amplification and sequence analysis were done successfully. A set of 10 Trichoderma and 19 Fusarium isolates were subjected to phenotypic and genotypic characterization that distinguish as T. asperellum, T. harzianum, T. afroharzianum, T. atroviride, T. lentiforme with T. asperelloides besides F. aywerte, F. oxysporum, F. sporodochiale in addition F. chlamydosporum. Molecular technique depending on target nucleotide of ITS not identify precisely all Trichoderma therefore tef1 established to separate all Trichoderma isolates. The cluster target nucleotide investigation depending on tef1 split the T.harzianum, T. afroharzianum, T. atroviride as well as T. asperellum.
Landscape justice: creating stakeholders’ rights and responsibilities in utilizing and managing conservation forests in jeneberang watershed upstream
Authors: Supratman  , Alam S , Hasannudin DAL , Sabar A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The government has organized state forest areas to be managed with specific management objectives, so that forest ecosystem services can be produced sustainably. On the other hand, this arrangement limits the access of local communities whose livelihoods depend on the forest. The dynamics of land use change in conservation forest areas due to pressure from local communities and non-forestry sectors have, over the past ten years, led to environmental problems such as: forest degradation, water crisis, floods and droughts, and erosion. This paper examines the concept of sovereignty and the concept of forest tenure as principles of creating rights and responsibilities in relation to sustainable and equitable forest utilization and management. This is particularly important in the context of developing forest governance based on landscape justice. This paper recommends the reconstruction of forest landuse, from a fractional basis to a landscape-based watershed area.