bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flow characteristics of a high-intensity cooling header pipe used to cool hot-rolled strips
Authors: Wang Jian , Shi Jianhui , Sun Xuemei , Xu Chuntian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

High intensity cooling header is a key equipment in the after rolling cooling process for hot rolled strip. Notably, the internal flow characteristics of the header significantly affect the quality and efficiency of cooling. This study examined the influence of slot outlet shape on the flow characteristics of a high-intensity cooling header pipe during the post-rolling cooling process of a hot-rolled strip. The main dimensionless parameters were buffer platform height versus slot height (h3/h2) and chamfer height versus slot height (h4/h2). Through numerical simulations using FLUENT, the influence of four different outlet shapes on the magnitude and uniformity of outlet velocity were calculated at an inlet pressure of 0.5 MPa. The results showed that type I, II, and III nozzles provide better velocity enhancement than conventional rectangular nozzles. When the outlet cross-section width (w1) and slit height (h2) were set to 2 mm and 5 mm, respectively, certain changes to the slot chamfer size, angle, and shrinkage angle (α) increased the average jet velocity in the central region by about 20% when compared to the use of a rectangular nozzle, and the velocity differences were also reduced by about 50%. When h2 was 10 mm, the effect of chamfer size, angle, and shrinkage angle (α) on the magnitude of the outlet velocity tended to increase. These findings demonstrate the influence of outlet shape on the flow characteristics of high-intensity cooling headers, guiding improvements in the performance of these equipment.
Trimethylamine N-Oxide dysregulates the expression of tight junctions through Highly Upregulated Liver Carcinoma (HULC) in cellular model of colorectal cancer.
Authors: Najafpour Sonya , Moradzad Mohammad , Rahimi Karim , Alighardashi Zahra , Vahabzadeh Zakaria 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Backgrounds and Aim:Colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis is correlated with dysregulation of tight junction. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism by which trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) alters the expression of tight junction proteins in a colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line.
Material and Method: The study utilized the CRISPR/Cas13 system for targeted knock down of HULC in Caco-2 cells, followed by treatment with trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO). Tight junction components, including ZO-1, Claudin-1, and Occludin, were analyzed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). To investigate the role of the P38MAPK pathway, the specific inhibitor SB203580 was used in cells treated with TMAO to comprehensively assess tight junction regulation. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA to compare the mean ± SD between different groups, followed by paired comparisons using the t-test.
Results: Cells treated with TMAO showed a significant upregulation of the oncogenic long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HULC (Highly Upregulated in Liver Cancer), , accompanied by increased expression of p38 MAPK. Interestingly, a significant downregulation of ZO-1 and Claudin-1 was observed as a result of TMAO treatment, which was modulated by the HULC/p38 MAPK axis. However, Occludin expression was also reduced by TMAO, but it remained unaffected by the HULC/p38 MAPK pathway.
Conclusion: This study revealed a novel TMAO/HULC/p38 MAPK axis involved in the regulation of tight junctions in a colorectal cancer cell line model. TMAO treatment significantly reduced the expression of ZO-1, Claudin-1, and Occludin. Further in vivo research is strongly recommended to clarify the impact of TMAO on the integrity of colorectal cancer cells.
Symptom Clustering of Dysphagia Phenotypes by Unsupervised Machine Learning Using Multidimensional Characteristics: A Cross-sectional Study of the Elderly Chinese Population
Authors: Zhang Yingying , Dai Yinuo , Wang Haifang , Gong Zhina , Cai Jianzheng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background: Dysphagia severely affects the elderly population, but its signs and symptoms are variable. Existing assessment tools fall short in considering the coordination of relevant muscle groups in the pathology of dysphagia and fail to characterize dysphagia in a comprehensive manner.
Methods: Senior dysphagia patients (>65 years old) diagnosed by Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study at several tertiary hospitals in Suzhou were enrolled from June 2022 to October 2024. They were clustered into different phenotypes by the k-means algorithm based on their respiratory, swallowing, and articulatory functions. The characteristics of demographics, medical history, and two dysphagia outcomes were compared across the different clustering results.
Results: The 1,301 enrolled patients were divided into four distinct clusters (phenotypes) that featured minimal impairment (MN, n = 462, 35.5%), respiratory-dominant impairment (RD, n = 305, 23.4%), articulatory-dominant impairment (AD, n = 301, 23.2%), and multimodal impairment (MT, n = 233, 17.9%), respectively. Each phenotype exhibited a unique combination of respiratory, swallowing, and articulatory impairments, and the demographics and medical history differed significantly between phenotypes. The eating ability and the incidence of swallowing-related complications both differed significantly (P < .001) between phenotypes. The impairment ranked in the order of MT > RD > AD > MN.
Discussion: This study identified different phenotypes of dysphagia based on multidimensional patient characteristics with unique clinical features and outcomes. The findings support the development of targeted therapeutic strategies to improve patient prognosis.
Research on the Three-Dimensional Evolution Mechanism and Local Performance Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Lining Crack Damage
Authors: Chen Xiang , Feng Wanlin , lin Zhi , Lv Xilin , Yang Hongyun , Xu Zhanglong , Gou Xiaoying 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Accurate detection of the internal damage of lining structures is a critical technology for assessing the structural health. Due to the complexity and concealed nature of tunnel structures, detecting internal damage faces numerous challenges. This paper focuses on large-scale reinforced concrete tunnel lining components. By collecting and analyzing the deformation, crack propagation, safety factor, and ultrasonic imaging data during the experimental process, the following main conclusions are drawn:(1) The load-bearing performance evolution of reinforced concrete tunnel linings exhibits distinct four-stage characteristics, namely the elastic, elastic-plastic, plastic, and failure stages.(2) Under the same vertical load, an increase in horizontal load significantly reduces the amplitude of the tensile strain of the component and substantially enhances the structural load-bearing capacity.(3) The crack propagation and evolution of the reinforced concrete lining show clear stages, including the crack initiation stage, Mode I crack propagation stage, Mode II crack propagation stage, and the compression zone failure stage. Initially, crack propagation corresponds to a gradual increase in load-bearing capacity, but when it penetrates the compression zone, there is a sharp decline in load-bearing capacity.(4) A multi-parameter comprehensive analysis method can effectively assess the structural load-bearing performance of reinforced concrete tunnel linings.
Dynamic Graph Convolution and Interaction Network for Traffic Flow Forecasting
Authors: He Hongxia , Li Xi , Chen Peng , Shan Wenyu , Cao Shufeng , Wu Lei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The forecasting of traffic flow is crucial for optimizing urban traffic operations, improving public transport services, and reducing environmental pollution. However, due to the complex correlation and nonlinearity of traffic flow over time and space, accurately capturing this dynamic spatio-temporal dependence could be challenging. Most existing approaches could be struggling to fully understand the impact of real-time interactions between different geographic locations and to integrate dynamic data over long time scales effectively. To address these challenges, we propose an efficient Dynamic Graph Convolution and Interaction Network (DGCINet). This method enables the simultaneous capture of temporal and spatial dependencies by embedding the graph convolution network into an interactive learning structure to achieve effective long-term traffic flow forecasting. We also leverage a novel dynamic graph convolution method, using merged real-time generated graphs from adaptive and learnable adjacency matrix, to capture the spatial correlation of real-time changes in traffic networks. Furthermore, we have integrated a spatio-temporal adaptive Transformer that could extract global and local features simultaneously. On four real traffic flow datasets, DGCINet's prediction performance is significantly better than the other nine baseline methods, improving the average prediction precision by 6.3%.
Discerning Human and AI-Generated Content in Short- Form Text
Authors: Jadhwani Somesh , Jain Shreya , Doshi Pankti 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

With the exponential rise in AI-powered language models, distinguishing human-generated text from AI-generated content has become increasingly vital for combating misinformation and maintaining trust on online platforms. This study explores the unique challenge of identifying whether casual, short-form user reviews on e-commerce websites are authored by humans or generated by AI. A comprehensive dataset comprising over 60,000 genuine reviews and 17,645 AI-generated reviews, spanning various product categories, was created through web scraping and the use of advanced language models. Leveraging robust feature engineering, model development, and statistical analysis, this research demonstrates the potential to reliably classify human and AI-generated content in informal, short-form contexts.
HIV and Syphilis in Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from Healthcare Facilities in Southern Tanzania
Authors: Shedura Vulstan James , Kongogwa Rehema Jumanne , Kamori Doreen Donald 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Syphilis, caused by Treponema pallidum, is a chronic infection transmitted sexually, through blood transfusion, or vertically from mother to fetus. In pregnancy, it poses a significant public health risk, particularly in developing countries like Tanzania, contributing to perinatal morbidity and mortality. However, data on syphilis and its risk factors, especially among pregnant women living with HIV, are scarce. This study aimed to assess the burden and identify risk factors for syphilis infection among HIV-infected pregnant women attending Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission clinic services in selected health facilities in the Mtwara region. This health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted over three months among pregnant women living with HIV attending Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission clinic services in the Mtwara region. A structured questionnaire was used to gather demographic, clinical, and laboratory data. Blood samples (4 ml) were collected for syphilis screening and confirmatory tests. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified significant factors associated with syphilis infection in pregnant women, with a p-value <0.05 considered significant. Two hundred and twenty (n=220) pregnant women living with HIV were enrolled in this study. The median age of the participants was 32.7 years (IQR: 27.6-37.6). The majority (45.5%) of the participants were married, 71.4% had primary education, 47.7% were unemployed, 77.7% were multigravida, and 40.5% were in the second trimester. The prevalence of syphilis infection was 10.9% (24/220). In addition, being in the second trimester of the gestation period [aOR=5.69: 95% CI 1.44-22.46, p=0.013] and being infected with hepatitis B virus [aOR=31.39: 95% CI 9.45-104.23, p<0.001] were independent factors associated with syphilis infection among pregnant women living with HIV in the Mtwara region. The study revealed a significant burden of syphilis infection among pregnant women living with HIV in the Mtwara region, with advanced gestational age (especially in the second trimester) and co-infection with hepatitis B virus identified as key risk factors. The findings emphasize the importance of routine, integrated screening for syphilis and other infections, including hepatitis B, to reduce infection burden, prevent vertical transmission, and improve maternal and child health outcomes.
Metabolic flux analysis in hiPSC-CMs reveals insights into cardiac dysfunction in propionic acidemia
Authors: Richard Eva , Marchuk Hannah , Álvarez Mar , He Wentao , Chen Xiaoxin , Desviat Lourdes R. , Zhang Guo-Fang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Propionic acidemia is an inborn error of metabolism caused by mutations in either the PCCA or PCCB genes. Patients with propionic acidemia experience a range of complications, including life-threatening cardiac dysfunctions. However, the pathological mechanisms underlying propionic acidemia-associated cardiac diseases remain largely unknown. To gain insights into the metabolic alterations in propionic acidemia, we studied human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes generated from a patient with propionic acidemia with two pathogenic PCCA mutations (p.Cys616_Val633del and p.Gly477Glufs9*) and from a healthy individual. Using stable isotope-based metabolic flux analysis, we confirmed that the PCCA mutations lead to impaired propionyl-CoA carboxylase activity in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. In addition to being converted to propionylcarnitine, the accumulated propionyl-CoA can also be hydrolyzed to propionate and exported out of the cell, serving as a secondary “pressure valve” to regulate cellular propionyl-CoA levels. Interestingly, the deficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase was found to shift fuel metabolism from fatty acid oxidation to increased glucose metabolism human in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes from patients with propionic acidemia. This metabolic switch is less energy-efficient and may contribute to the development of chronic cardiac dysfunction in patients with propionic acidemia.
Differential expression profiling and functional prediction of circRNA in hypoxia-induced human retinal microvascular endothelial cells
Authors: Chen Juan , Wang Ning , Li Jing , Luo Xianqiong , Ma Jian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a severe retinal disorder primarily affecting premature infants, characterized by abnormal retinal blood vessel development. The pathogenesis of ROP is closely linked to hypoxic conditions, with human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) being particularly sensitive to hypoxia. Despite advancements in understanding ROP, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying its development remain poorly understood. Recent studies have identified the involvement of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in various human diseases, including retinal disorders, but their role in ROP remains unclear.
Methods
This study established a hypoxic cell model of ROP using HRMECs and analyzed the differential expression profiles of circRNAs induced by hypoxia using whole-transcriptome sequencing. Differentially expressed circRNAs (DE-circRNAs) were validated through qRT-PCR, and functional analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, were conducted. Bioinformatics techniques were employed to construct circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks.
Results
A total of 1,714 circRNAs were differentially expressed between normoxic and hypoxic groups, with 899 upregulated and 815 downregulated (fold-change ≥ 2, p ≤ 0.05). GO analysis revealed that DE-circRNAs were involved in various cellular processes, while KEGG analysis identified several associated pathways. CircRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks indicated that DE-circRNAs may contribute to ROP pathogenesis through the circRNA-targeted miRNA-mRNA axis.
Conclusions
This study identified the differential expression profile of circRNAs in the HRMEC hypoxia model. The findings suggest that the hsa_circ_0140253/hsa-miR-210-3p/ERFR and hsa_circ_0140253/hsa-miR-210-3p/PPARGC1A pathways are involved in ROP development via a sponge mechanism.
Autonomous Airport Runway Recognition for Fixed-Wing Aircraft Based on YOLOv8
Authors: Xiong Xuhai , Zhu Shaoqiang , Zhang Lei , Song Qi , Wang Zhujun , Li Yadong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

In the scenario of autonomous landing for fixed-wing aircraft using vision as the primary sensor, there is a demand for airport runway recognition. Therefore, this paper introduces three modules—Wavelet Transform Convolutional Layer (WTConv), Context-Guided Network (CGNet), and Lightweight Dynamic Upsampling (DySample)—based on YOLOv8 to improve the model. Experimental results demonstrate that after enhancing the base dataset and applying augmentation, the improved model achieves mAP50 scores of 0.65 and 0.734, respectively, representing improvements of 0.07 and 0.04. The GFLOPs of the improved model decrease to 7.9, and the FPS increases, indicating a reduced computational burden and enhanced real-time performance when processing images. The research presented in this paper reduces the computational load during autonomous landing of fixed-wing aircraft, while improving recognition accuracy and recall rate, making the task safer and more efficient. This work is of great significance in promoting the development of autonomous landing technology. Future efforts will focus on further optimizing the model and exploring multi-sensor information fusion to enhance recognition accuracy and robustness.
Enhancing Energy-Resource Allocation in Cloud Environments: A Hybrid Approach Integrating Whale Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Goyal Shanky 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The ability to access, modify, and configure data online via the web is provided by cloud computing. The term "cloud" describes an internet network that may be accessed remotely and from any location at any time. Given that more money is invested in real, physical infrastructure than in cloud technologies, cloud computing is unquestionably an innovation. The topic of power consumption by cloud infrastructure is the focus of this paper. Algorithms and methods that can lower energy usage and schedule resources are required for servers to function effectively. Another important component of cloud computing is load balancing, which allows for the balanced distribution of load among several servers in order to meet customers' increasing demands. The current study employed a variety of optimization strategies, including Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Cat Swarm Optimization (CSO), BAT, Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) optimization algorithm, Whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and Hybrid WOABAT or load balancing, energy economy, and improved resource scheduling. The Whale optimization algorithm performed better than other algorithms in terms of response time, energy consumption, execution time, and throughput when tested with 7 and 8 servers.
In vitro and in silico studies of Vallisneria spiralis for breast cancer treatment.
Authors: Waykar Ravindra , Kumarapillai Srinivasakumar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This research article investigates the anticancer potential of Vallisneria spiralis Linnaeus (Vallisneria spiralis L.) for human breast cancer management. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that increasing concentrations of Vallisneria spiralis silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) resulted in greater cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The antioxidant potential of Vallisneria spiralis L. was assessed using 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydroxyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, which showed promising results. In silico analysis involved molecular docking of Vallisneria spiralis L. phytocompounds with the target protein (PDB ID: 3CZH). This study presents a novel approach to breast cancer treatment by developing a nanoparticle-based drug delivery system derived from Vallisneria spiralis L.
Single-center experience with laparoscopic diaphragmatic plication for diaphragmatic eventration
Authors: Fang Jie , Shi Zhaoqi , Fan Xiaoxiao , Huang Diyu , Tang Liming 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Diaphragmatic eventration is a rare condition characterized by the abnormal elevation of the diaphragm due to muscular deficiency, which impacts respiratory and gastrointestinal functions. Historically, open surgical approaches have been utilized for treatment; however, laparoscopic diaphragmatic plication (LDP) has emerged as a less invasive alternative, offering benefits such as reduced postoperative pain and faster recovery.
Methods:
This retrospective study included 15 patients with diaphragmatic eventration presenting with respiratory or upper abdominal symptoms. All patients underwent LDP under general anesthesia, which involved diaphragmatic plication and reinforcement with a double-deck complex patch. The primary outcomes assessed were postoperative complications, the descending distance of the diaphragm, symptom improvement, and long-term follow-up to assess recurrence. Secondary outcomes included operative time, blood loss, and postoperative hospital stay.
Results:
The average age of participants was 66 ± 8 years, with all cases involving left diaphragmatic eventration. The mean surgical duration was 106 ± 4 minutes, and the mean blood loss was 11.5 ± 6.6 ml. Postoperative complications included pleural effusion in seven patients, with four requiring drainage. Diaphragmatic plication effectively lowered the diaphragm by 1.7 ± 0.8 intercostal spaces. Thirteen patients showed significant improvement in symptoms, while one experienced persistent epigastric pain and another ongoing dyspnea. Pulmonary function tests revealed improved percent predicted Forced Vital Capacity (FEV1%) and percent predicted Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1%) in four out of five patients. During an 8- to 68-month follow-up, one patient experienced symptom recurrence 18 months postoperatively, attributed to chronic constipation causing increased intra-abdominal pressure.
Conclusions:
LDP is a safe and effective treatment for diaphragmatic eventration, significantly improving respiratory function and symptoms. However, comprehensive preoperative assessment and management of underlying conditions are crucial to prevent recurrence and optimize long-term outcomes. Future studies with larger cohorts and prospective designs are warranted to further evaluate the long-term efficacy of LDP.