bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined use of additives for improving heat resistance and processability of stereocomplex crystallization polylactic acid
Authors: Tao SiJing , Qiang Zhe , Ren Jie 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe limited heat resistance and high brittleness of polylactic acid (PLA) materials pose significant challenges to enabling their broad application. Compared to traditional PLA, stereocomplex polylactide (sc‐PLA) offers superior thermal stability and a higher melting point, attributed to the dense packing and strong physical interactions between polymer chains. Specifically, while PLA has a melting temperature of approximately 160–180 °C, sc‐PLA can reach a melting temperature of 230 °C. The enhanced thermal stability and improved mechanical properties make sc‐PLA a valuable alternative for applications requiring durability. Here, we report a method to enhance the crystallinity and toughness of sc‐PLA by mixing poly(l‐lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(d‐lactic acid) (PDLA) in addition to using a nucleating agent and toughening agent. Specifically, a PLA and polyethylene glycol block copolymer and PLA microspheres are prepared, with ethylene‐methyl acrylate‐glycidyl methacrylate used as a toughener. The optimal composition is found to be PLLA/PDLA blends with a 70/30 mass ratio, 1% microsphere nucleating agent and 10% toughener addition. The Vicat softening temperature of this blend is 72.2 °C, approximately 10% higher than the control sample, with toughness increased by about 2.3 times. This blend also presents an enhanced processability by the combined effect of additives. This work provides a promising strategy for producing sc‐PLA with enhanced heat resistance and processability, improving the performance for various applications. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Frequency of depression and anxiety symptoms among adults with childhood‐ versus adult‐onset disability
Authors: Sarmiento Cristina A. , Furniss Anna , Morris Megan A. , Stransky Michelle L. , Thompson Darcy A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with disabilities experience high rates of depression and anxiety. Potential differences between those with childhood‐ versus adult‐onset disability have not been adequately explored.ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between age of disability onset and frequency of reported depression and anxiety symptoms.DesignSecondary data analysis.Setting2020–2021 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a nationally representative survey of adults on illness and disability in the United States.ParticipantsNHIS respondents aged 22–80 years with mobility, cognitive, or mobility + cognitive disability (n = 6386).InterventionsAge of disability onset (childhood onset, defined as onset before age 22, per NHIS question, vs. adult onset) was our independent variable.Main Outcome MeasuresWe calculated frequency of reported current depression and anxiety symptoms among those with childhood‐ versus adult‐onset disability. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios (OR) of frequent versus infrequent depression and anxiety symptoms for childhood‐ versus adult‐onset disability, adjusted for demographic factors.ResultsA higher percentage of participants with childhood‐ compared to adult‐onset disability reported frequent depression symptoms (mobility: 32.7% vs. 21.9%, p < .01; cognitive: 55.6% vs. 44.5%, p < .01; mobility + cognitive: 71.4% vs. 52.8%, p < .01) and anxiety symptoms (mobility: 44.3% vs. 35.5%, p < .01; cognitive: 83.5% vs. 63.1%, p < .01; mobility + cognitive: 82.8% vs. 70.3%, p < .01). Participants with childhood‐onset disability had higher adjusted odds of frequent depression symptoms for all disability types (mobility adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.58 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15–2.16]; cognitive aOR, 1.84 [95% CI, 1.12–3.02]; mobility + cognitive aOR, 2.06 [95% CI, 1.16–3.67]), and frequent anxiety symptoms for cognitive (aOR, 3.28 [95% CI, 1.92–5.60]) and mobility + cognitive disabilities (aOR, 2.01 [95% CI, 1.07–3.75]) compared to those with adult‐onset disability.ConclusionIndividuals with childhood‐onset disabilities may be at uniquely higher risk for mental health symptoms than their peers with adult‐onset disabilities, warranting specific attention to their health care and outcomes.
Performance Evaluation of Inulin‐Modified Propellant for Fire Safety Applications
Authors: Bhumika  , Pathak Tribhuvan Kumar , Sharma Vandana , Johar Rajni , Jassal Pyar Singh , Singh Raj Pal 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTraditional aerosol‐forming composites consist of a combination of potassium chlorate/nitrate and synthetic resins, such as epoxy, polyurethane, phenol‐formaldehyde, and melamine‐formaldehyde. The application of these synthetic organic resins has been restricted due to their severe flammability and accompanying life‐threatening work hazard, despite their good mechanical and adhesive capabilities. The combustion flame of these compositions can reach temperatures of up to 2100°C, which might result in secondary fire hazards in explosive environments, such as oil‐producing platforms and ship engine rooms. This study aimed to investigate the ability of naturally occurring polysaccharide inulin to reduce the exothermicity of potassium nitrate/chlorate‐based pyrotechnic composites. In the present work, we newly developed a pyrotechnic composition (PyC) that employed inulin as a reducer instead of synthetic resin. Its thermal characteristics, fire‐extinguishing efficacy, and combustion behavior were compared to traditional PyCs based on phenolic resin. Although the fire suppressing performance of the novel and old PyCs is equivalent, the newly created composition demonstrated a 71% lower combustion flame temperature, a faster burn rate, and a lower calorific value. Several techniques, including HRXRD, SEM, FTIR, and EDX, were used to characterize the physical and chemical properties of the discharged aerosol in order to comprehend the fire‐extinguishing mechanism.
BCyrius: An Upgraded Version of Cyrius for Accurate CYP2D6 Genotyping From Short‐Read Sequencing Data
Authors: Halman Andreas , Conyers Rachel 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPharmacogenomics is a field of personalized medicine that aims to tailor drug dosing based on the genetics of an individual. The polymorphic and complex CYP2D6 gene is important to analyze because of its role in the metabolism of approximately a quarter of all drugs. Several bioinformatic tools have been developed to genotype CYP2D6 from short‐read sequencing data. Among these, Cyrius, a tool specifically designed for CYP2D6 genotyping, has demonstrated high performance across various datasets. However, Cyrius has not been updated in the past 3 years, during which dozens of new star alleles have been identified and some previously defined ones revised. In this work, we simulated all known CYP2D6 haplotypes to assess the ability of Cyrius to identify them. In that dataset, Cyrius was unable to call or misidentified 50 of 360 samples. Given the importance of providing an up‐to‐date tool, particularly in clinical settings, we present an upgraded version of the tool, named BCyrius, which includes all the missing star alleles as well as revisions to the previously listed ones. BCyrius successfully identified 100% of the currently defined minor star alleles, higher than Cyrius (85.6%) and the two other tested tools, Aldy and StellarPGx, which identified 92.2% and 87.8%, respectively. BCyrius also demonstrated slightly improved performance on a dataset of real biological samples, resulting in a higher call rate while maintaining similar accuracy with Cyrius. In addition to providing genotyping results, BCyrius also reports the predicted phenotype, along with information for each detected haplotype, including population frequencies.
Identification and optimization of volatile organic compounds to enhance bait attractiveness for red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta Buren)
Authors: Shen Jiacheng , Wu Sheng‐Yen , Lin Peng , Jiang Xinyi , Hou Youming 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe red imported fire ant (RIFA, Solenopsis invicta), a highly destructive invasive pest, has rapidly spread through human trade, posing significant threats to agricultural and forest ecosystems. Due to its preference for high‐fat and high‐protein foods, ham sausage is commonly used as bait to monitor RIFA populations in invaded areas. However, the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in such baits may affect their effectiveness because VOCs can act as either attractants or repellents. Identifying VOCs that specifically attract RIFA is essential to improve bait efficacy.RESULTSThis study aimed to identify attractant compounds within bait VOCs for RIFA, leveraging the highly‐expressed antennal odorant‐binding protein 1 (OBP1) and reverse chemical ecology approach. Additionally, we examined the effects of mixtures of these attractants on RIFA behavior. Our findings revealed that anethole, 1S‐(−)‐β‐pinene, and β‐caryophyllene individually attracted RIFA at 0.1 μg/μL. Notably, a combination of anethole and 1S‐(−)‐β‐pinene enhanced behavioral activity more than individual compounds, suggesting synergistic effects. Conversely, the addition of β‐caryophyllene to anethole significantly reduced RIFA activity. These results provide a theoretical basis for developing behavioral regulators targeting RIFA.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrates that the integration of OBP‐based in vitro assays with computational simulations can effectively identify behaviorally active compounds for RIFA. Additionally, it clarifies the optimal ratios of active VOCs in baits, offering valuable theoretical guidance for enhancing RIFA population monitoring efforts. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
A Case of Non‐Anastomotic Tracheo‐Thoracic Gastric Fistula
Authors: He Wei , Wu Ting , Huang Qiang , An Wenjing , Chen Hong , Hu Xiaobo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTracheo‐thoracic gastric fistula (TTGF) is a rare but serious complication following oesophageal cancer surgery, involving an abnormal connection between the thoracic gastric cavity and the bronchial tree. We report a case of TTGF that developed 3 years post‐esophagectomy, identified through bronchoscopy. The patient was treated using a multidisciplinary approach, which included the placement of a bronchial covered stent, insertion of a jejunostomy feeding tube, and gastrointestinal decompression. The intervention resulted in a marked improvement in the patient's respiratory distress and fever, leading to a successful discharge. This case highlights the necessity for individualised treatment strategies for TTGF and underscores the crucial role of multidisciplinary management in enhancing patient outcomes.
Lazertinib‐Induced Rhabdomyolysis in a Patient With Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report
Authors: Lee Seunghun , Choi Juwhan , Lee Sung Yong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLazertinib is a third‐generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor effective in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer. Although generally well tolerated, this case report presents a rare occurrence of common terminology criteria for adverse events grade 3 rhabdomyolysis in a 69‐year‐old Korean woman after taking lazertinib. The patient exhibited general weakness and tea‐coloured urine with elevated levels of creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum myoglobin and hyperkalemia. Lazertinib was temporarily discontinued, and urine alkalization was initiated. After the patient's condition improved, lazertinib was restarted at a reduced dose (80 mg) without any adverse effects. This case highlights the importance of assessing CPK and LDH levels in patients undergoing treatment with lazertinib, particularly in those with myalgia and elevated AST levels. Further studies are required to clarify the mechanisms underlying lazertinib‐induced rhabdomyolysis.
Bipartite Consensus Control for Multi‐Agent Systems With Intermittent Communication: A Data‐Driven Method
Authors: Zou Yi , Tian Engang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study explores the data‐driven control methods to address the bipartite consensus of continuous‐time multi‐agent systems (MASs) under intermittent communication (IC). A key advantage of this approach is that it removes the requirement for prior knowledge of system parameters. Since MASs operate in an IC environment, their states may diverge during the non‐communication intervals. To overcome this challenge, a more flexible relationship between the lengths of communication and non‐communication intervals and the convergence rate is established. Remarkably, this approach eliminates the restrictions on communication and non‐communication intervals in existing researches and offers a more adaptable description of IC. Both bipartite consensus conditions and control gains are obtained in terms of input‐state data. Finally, an example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed data‐driven approach.
Legacies of a Large Flood and Biological Control on Riparian Vegetation Successional Trajectories Along a Dryland Braided River
Authors: González‐Sargas Eduardo , Lee Steven R. , Perry Laura G. , Shafroth Patrick B. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe interplay of disturbance and stability drives vegetation dynamics. Disturbance reduces vegetation biomass, and stability fosters its development. In riparian systems, natural disturbance is largely manifested through flood‐driven fluvial processes, but other forms of disturbance, such as herbivory or fire, may influence vegetation dynamics. We studied the successional trajectories of plant communities following a 40‐year flood in 2010 that significantly changed floodplain vegetation along the lower Virgin River (southwestern USA). Shortly (0–2 years) after this flood, another large disturbance event of a different nature occurred: extensive defoliation and some mortality of alien Tamarix shrubs (which dominated vegetation cover at that time in the study area) by a biological control beetle. In 2021, we resampled vegetation and topography in 439 plots that we previously monitored in 2010, 2012, 2015, and 2017 along 23 transects across five river reaches. Between 2015 and 2021, stability predominated, with only small floods (1.5‐ to 3‐year) and limited Tamarix defoliation. By 2021, plant communities were converging, but persistent divergences existed and were associated with legacy effects of fluvial disturbance and defoliation. Native Pluchea sericea shrubs had the highest cover across all fluvial landforms. Tamarix partially recovered from defoliation, but only reached similar cover to P. sericea in plots less affected by the 40‐year flood. Native Populus fremontii, Prosopis pubescens, and Salix gooddingii trees, and Salix exigua shrubs, remained subordinate. Our study illustrates how successional trajectories in riparian systems depend on the nature and regime of disturbance and its legacy effects on vegetation.
A “Turn‐Off” Fluorescence Sensor Based on 1,1,2,2‐Tetraphenylethylene for the Selective Detection of Antiviral Agents
Authors: Wang Rui , Wang Yilin , Zhao Si‐Si , Zhang Xinyu , Wang Xinyu , Zhang Hang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this study, we constructed a “turn‐off” fluorescence probe for the specific detection of antiviral agents by preparing stable reserve solutions of 1,1,2,2‐tetraphenylethylene (TPE), which notably exhibits the character of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE). The fluorescent molecules were systematically characterized. The maximum excitation and emission peaks were located at 281 and 440 nm, respectively. We discussed the fluorescence response between TPE and antiviral agents, as well as the effects of certain single‐variable factors. The % suppressed efficiency (%E) was calculated and the Stern–Volmer equation was analyzed. The results indicated that Cidofovir (CDV) can more effectively quench TPE based on the mechanism of internal filtration effect (IFE) and static quenching. We studied the linear correlation between fluorescence intensity and the concentration of CDV. The limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 0.2279 mg·L−1. The recovery rates of CDV in blank samples ranged from 93.22%–97.90%. Additionally, different letters “L” were written using the prepared solutions under ambient light and UV light, respectively, demonstrating that the written contents were both readable and easily erasable. The specific recognition of CDV using TPE lays the groundwork for detecting CDV residues, which holds promising prospects for practical detection.
Recent Advancement in the Conversion of 1,2,3‐Benzotriazin‐4(3H)‐One to Other Heterocyclic Systems and Their Applications: A Concise Review
Authors: Khalid Zunera , Ahmad Hafiz Adnan , Munawar Munawar Ali , Huma Rahila , Afshan Noshin , Shafqat Syed Salman 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe nitrogen containing 1,2,3‐benzotriazin‐4(3H)‐one is structurally worthwhile system for its notable applications in the synthesis of N─, O─ and S─ heterocycles bears pivotal significant usage in the pharmaceutical and industrial chemicals. Today most of common items like dyes, cosmetics, sanitizers, insecticides and plastics are based on heterocyclic moieties. Different starting materials are used industrially for the formation of diverse heterocycles but 1,2,3‐benzotriazin‐4(3H)‐one is a valuable structure used to prepare numerous valuable products. These conversions are radiation or metal‐catalyzed denitrogenation annulation type reactions provide easy, one‐step and atom‐economical route. The vast applications of heterocycles and significance of their cheap synthesis make this subject interesting for scientific researchers and industrialists. This mini review summarizes the recent developments in the transformation of 1,2,3‐benzotriazin‐4(3H)‐one ring to various other structures like phenanthridinones, isoquinolones, coumarin‐1‐imines, benzamides, pyrroloquinazolinones, indolin‐1‐ones, 1,2‐benzisoselenazol‐3(2H)‐ones and benzofuranones. Some emerging drugs like ebselen, losartan, irbesartan, luotonin A, deoxyvasicinone and mackinazolinone have been successfully synthesized from differently substituted benzotriazinones.
Recent Developments in Catalytic CO2‐to‐Ethanol Conversion Technologies
Authors: Ahmed Abdulrahman T. , Sekac Tingneyuc , Altalbawy Farag M. A. , Al‐Hetty Hussein Riyadh Abdul Kareem , Ramachandran T. , Chahar Mamata , Chohan Jasgurpreet Singh , Singh Kushdeep , Abosaoda Munthar Kadhim , Abbas Jasim Mohammed 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis review provides a comprehensive overview of current progress in catalytic technologies for converting CO2 to ethanol, emphasizing the importance of sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives. A range of methodologies is explored, including thermodynamic analysis, thermocatalytic, electrocatalytic, and photocatalytic approaches, while discussing fundamental reaction mechanisms and catalyst design strategies. Significant advancement has been made in the thermocatalytic hydrogenation of CO2, with mixed metal and metal oxide catalysts achieving selectivities exceeding 90%. However, challenges remain in optimizing catalyst performance for enhanced selectivity and conversion rates. Electrocatalytic reduction offers a promising pathway, focusing on alkaline electrolytes and innovative catalyst designs such as Cu/Au and Al‐Cu/Cu2O. Meanwhile, photocatalytic systems harness solar energy, with various novel photocatalysts showing potential for high efficiency. This review aims to elucidate the current landscape and future perspectives on CO2‐to‐ethanol conversion technologies, highlighting their potential role in sustainable energy solutions.
Fewer, but Better: On the Benefits of Surfactant‐Free Colloidal Syntheses of Nanomaterials
Authors: Varga Márton , Quinson Jonathan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractColloidal syntheses are common bottom‐up synthetic approaches to obtain various nanomaterials, e.g., gold nanoparticles, where a precursor, e.g., HAuCl4, is reduced in the presence of reducing agents in a solvent. It is often claimed, and almost dogmatically believed, that stabilizers, capping agents, ligands, surfactants, or other additives must be added to ensure the stability of the colloids. Although there is almost a systematic use of such chemicals in the literature, a range of surfactant‐free, or additive‐free, colloidal syntheses have been reported. In those syntheses, the solvent plays the role of source of reducing agents and/or stabilizers. Recently, the use of alkaline solutions of low‐viscosity mono‐alcohols, such as ethanol, has been shown to lead to stable surfactant‐free colloids for various metal nanoparticles. Here, with the example of gold nanoparticles obtained at room temperature, it is shown that adding commonly reported stabilizers, such as trisodium citrate, PVP, SDS, poly(NIPAM), CTAB, or chemicals such as hydroquinone, actually does not lead to any advantages compared to the surfactant‐free colloidal synthesis performed in an alkaline mixture of water and 20 vol.% ethanol. The results stress the potential of surfactant‐free approaches compared to more conventional surfactant‐ and additive‐assisted strategies to develop greener research studies and syntheses.
Dynole‐Based Dynamin Inhibitors as Novel Cytotoxic Agents
Authors: Sakoff Jennette A. , Amin Mohammed K. , Robertson Mark J. , Chiew Beatrice , Tarleton Mark , Young Kelly A. , Venn‐Brown Barbara , Chau Ngoc , Gordon Christopher P. , Chircop Megan , Paula Stefan , Jones Nigel C. , O'Brien Terence J. , Robinson Phillip J. , McCluskey Adam 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDynamin plays a crucial role in mitosis, and dynamin inhibition broadly correlates with cytotoxicity. Dynole 34–2, dynamin inhibitor, is highly cytotoxic, but its poor drug‐like properties limit its in vivo development. Three focused libraries of dynole‐based dynamin inhibitors were synthesized enhance their druglike properties while maintaining their dynamin inhibition and cytotoxicity. Iterative modifications were undertaken to probe the effects of changes to the cyanoacrylamide linker amide, alkyl chain moieties, the N‐propyl‐N,N‐dimethylamino moiety and the indole core. These compounds were screened against: HT29 and SW480 (colon), SMA (spontaneous murine astrocytoma), MCF‐7 (breast), BE2‐C (glioblastoma), SJ‐G2 (neuroblastoma), MIA (pancreas), A2780 (ovarian), A431 (skin), H460 (lung), U87 (glioblastoma) and DU145 (prostate) cell lines to reveal a good correlation between dynamin inhibition and cytotoxicity. High potency against brain cancer cell lines was observed. The most dynamin active compounds returned average GI50 values of 2.26 and 1.5 µM across the cell lines examined. The most active compound against 4 brain cancer cell lines averaged a GI50 value of 4.7 µM; 10‐fold improved over the gold standard for glioblastoma treatment; temozolomide. Importantly, this maintained a tPSA of 24.8Å2 and cLogP of 4.11; appropriate for blood brain barrier penetration. This active analogue in this series was (Z)‐2‐(3,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐3‐(1‐(3‐(dimethylamino)propyl)‐1H‐pyrrol‐3‐yl)acrylonitrile (34).