bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender and Age Differences in ADHD Symptoms and Co-occurring Depression and Anxiety Symptoms Among Children and Adolescents in the BELLA Study
Authors: Gilbert Martha , Boecker Maren , Reiss Franziska , Kaman Anne , Erhart Michael , Schlack Robert , Westenhöfer Joachim , Döpfner Manfred , Ravens-Sieberer Ulrike 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders of childhood. Current studies addressing gender and age differences in ADHD are lacking. The present study aims to fill this research gap by dimensionally evaluating gender and age differences in ADHD symptoms, as measured by a DSM-5-based parent rating scale, in children and adolescents who participated in the two-year follow-up of the community-based BELLA study (n = 1326). Associations between ADHD symptoms and depression symptoms and anxiety symptoms were also examined. Multiple linear regressions revealed significant associations between gender and all ADHD symptoms. Age was significantly associated with hyperactive/impulsive symptoms. Additional multiple linear regressions demonstrated significant positive associations between depression and anxiety symptoms and ADHD symptoms. Further, female gender was found to be positively associated with both depression and anxiety symptoms. These findings may suggest a need for more gender-specific approaches to ADHD diagnosis and treatment, as well as more research into the intersections of ADHD and depression and anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents.
Olfactory Mating Signals in the Migratory Locust Locusta migratoria
Authors: Unni Anjana P. , Knaden Markus , Hansson Bill S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSwarming locusts cause huge plagues across the world threatening food production. Before swarms form, locust populations exhibit a dramatic phase change from a solitary to a gregarious phase. The cause of this phase change is a complicated interplay of conspecific and environmental cues and is, especially for one of the major pests, the migratory locust Locusta migratoria, still not well understood. Here we study the behavior of both solitary and gregarious L. migratoria towards the headspace odors of conspecifics. As we do not find a general attraction of gregarious animals to the headspace of gregarious conspecifics, swarm formation does not seem to be mainly governed by olfactory aggregation cues. When testing for potential mating signals, we observe that the headspace of virgin gregarious females is highly attractive only towards virgin males of the same phase, while mated gregarious males and solitary males, regardless of their mating state, do not become attracted. Interestingly, this phase-specific attraction goes along with the finding, that mating behavior in experiments with inter-phasic pairings is extremely rare. Our data suggest that odor emissions in L. migratoria play a significant role in a mating context.
Protective effect of Luffa cylindrica Roemer against dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy in primary rat skeletal muscle cells
Authors: Yeo Changhwan , Kim Hyunseong , Jeon Wan-Jin , Lee Junseon , Hong Jin Young , Kim Hyun , Lee Yoon Jae , Baek Seung Ho , Ha In-Hyuk 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlucocorticoids (GCs) are commonly used in the treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions. However, the administration of high doses and long-term use of GCs can induce muscle atrophy (MA) in patients, leading to a decline in quality of life and increased mortality. MA leads to protein degradation in skeletal muscle, resulting in a reduction of muscle mass. This process is triggered by GCs like dexamethasone (DEX), which induce the expression of E3 ubiquitin ligases, namely Atrogin-1 and muscle RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF1). In this study, we examined the anti-MA potential of Luffa cylindrica Roemer (LCR) on DEX-treated primary skeletal myotubes. Primary skeletal myotubes stimulated with LCR alone resulted in a significant upregulation of myotube development, characterized by an increase in both the number and diameter of myotubes. Contrastingly, combined treatment with LCR and DEX reduced the expression of Atrogin-1, while treatment with DEX alone induced the expression of MuRF1. Furthermore, LCR treatment successfully restored the number and diameter of myotubes that had been diminished by DEX treatment. These findings suggest that LCR holds potential for treating MA, as an accelerating effect on muscle development and anti-MA effects on primary skeletal muscle cells were observed.
Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in a working horse population in Egypt
Authors: Salem Shebl E. , Abd El-Ghany Amany M. , Elsheikh Hussein A. , Abdel-Ghany Enas M. , Ras Refaat 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWorking horses support the livelihoods of smallholder farmers in Egypt. No previous study has investigated the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in working horses in Egypt. Faecal samples were collected from 607 working horses recruited from thirty-seven villages/areas in two Egyptian governorates and examined forCryptosporidiumspp. infection using the modified Zielh-Neelsen staining technique. Data on signalment, history of recent diarrhoea, and strongyle burden were collected. The prevalence ofCryptosporidiumspp. infection was calculated using a bootstrap method and potential risk factors for infection were investigated using mixed-effects logistic regression models that included sampling location as a random-effects variable. The prevalence ofCryptosporidiumspp. infection was 28.7% (95% confidence interval = 23.5–33.9). None of the variables investigated, which include age, sex of the animals, and strongyle burden, were associated with risk of infection. This study provided evidence-based information on the prevalence ofCryptosporidiumspp. infection in the study area. However, the potential zoonotic risk ofCryptosporidiumcannot be confirmed until further studies are conducted to genotype these parasites.
Welches soziale System wird durch gruppendynamische Trainings simuliert?
Authors: Kühl Stefan 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Ziel dieses in der Zeitschrift „Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. (GIO)“ veröffentlichten Artikels ist es, zu zeigen, dass gruppendynamische Trainings durch ihren Druck auf personenbezogene Kommunikation, durch ihre Entmutigung der Ausdifferenzierung von Rollen und durch Diffusität der Themen, den Übergang von einer Gruppe zu einer Organisation unterbinden. Überspitzt ausgedrückt: Man lernt in gruppendynamischen Trainings viel über das Leben in Freundeskreisen, Liebesbeziehungen, Jugendcliquen, Wohngemeinschaften, Straßengangs, Terrorgruppierungen oder Kleinfamilien, aber kaum etwas über die Dynamik in Unternehmen, Verwaltungen, Ministerien, Armeen, Polizeien, Krankenhäusern, Universitäten oder Schulen.
Cabozantinib for different endocrine tumours: killing two birds with one stone. A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Zago Elena , Galluzzo Antonio , Pradella Silvia , Antonuzzo Lorenzo , Maggi Mario , Petrone Luisa , Sparano Clotilde 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Cabozantinib is an oral multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that has been approved in Europe for advanced renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, locally advanced and metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and highly aggressive cutaneous malignant neuroendocrine tumour that usually presents in sun-exposed skin areas of immunosuppressed patients. Conflicting data exist about cabozantinib for MCC and this TKI is currently under investigation in several onco-endocrine frameworks.

Methods
We herein report a case of an 83-year-old man who was diagnosed with MCC during the treatment of an advanced metastatic MTC. The diagnosis of MCC was established based on clinical, histopathologic evaluation and immunohistochemistry. A systematic review of the literature on cabozantinib use for advanced endocrine and neuroendocrine tumours has been performed.

Results
The patient was initially treated with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. Cabozantinib was therefore started to control both MTC and MCC. After 24 months, no sign of local or metastatic MCC relapse was evidenced.

Conclusion
Promising data on cabozantinib treatment for endocrine and neuroendocrine neoplasms is recently emerging in the literature. In our clinical case, we reported that, besides the good response for the MTC, cabozantinib also seems to effectively control metastatic MCC, along with efficient surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. Further investigations are needed to determine the efficacy and safety of cabozantinib in MCC patients and in off-label endocrine tumours.
Statistical law of laser echo disturbance characteristics under atmospheric turbulence
Authors: Yang Xiaodong , Tian Yuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAtmospheric turbulence significantly affects laser transmission and echo. The size of the echo cross section and the distribution of energy are important parameters to obtain target information. In this paper, the speckle characteristics of laser echo are analyzed using field experiments with different detection distances. The energy attenuation law is observed, and the statistical law governing the cross-sectional area and energy of the echo light spot is determined based on the time variability of atmospheric turbulence. The research shows that in order to obtain stable return laser beam interference information, the current weather situation and the strength of atmospheric turbulence should be considered, and the corresponding interference region should be selected according to the detection distance. Although the size and energy of the echo cross section are directly affected by the detection distance, the variation trend remains consistent and indicates a clear statistical law that provides a strong basis for laser interferometry.
A comprehensive overview on tribo-mechanical characteristics of hybrid plant fiber–based biocomposites
Authors: Dhanola Anil 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlant fiber is one of the sorts of environmentally friendly resources that have been replenished over several years by nature and human invention. For the past few years, application of plant fibers as reinforcements into polymer matrixes has gained considerable interest due to their biodegradable nature. Introducing just one type of reinforcing element does not result in composites with remarkable physical and tribo-mechanical characteristics. Lately, significant research and innovation have been observed on hybrid plant fiber–based biocomposites (HPFBCs) in structural and automotive industries. One of the crucial topics that must be reviewed is the tribo-mechanical performances of these composites. Hence, the present review article aims to provide the friction and wear behaviors and mechanical properties of different HPFBCs under different operational conditions. Based on the understanding of tribo-mechanical aspects of HPFBCs, some prospects have also been suggested that need to be addressed and resolved in the future. This review article is anticipated to provide readers and researchers with valuable insights into the significance of tribo-mechanical performances in the assessment of HPFBCs for specific applications.
Assessing the air pollution tolerance index (APTI) of trees in residential and roadside sites of Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Zahid Adnan , Ali Sajid , Anwar Waheed , Fatima Ammara , Chattha Muhammad Bilal , Ayub Asma , Raza Ahmad , Ali Kashif , Siddique Maroof 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIndustrialization and extensive use of automobiles cause air pollution which indicates the inability of trees plants due to changes in their biochemical and physiological processes for absorbing the air pollutants. Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) is an important indicator for determining the ability of trees plants for their efficient ability for controlling air pollution. To estimate it and its effects a comparitive study of the air pollution tolerance index was examined in 14 species of plants between residential areas (University of the Punjab) and roadside areas (orange train line). To calculate the APTI value, four physiological and biochemical parameters—ascorbic acid, relative water content (RWC), pH, and chlorophyll concentration of leaf samples—were integrated. Present study results reveal that the plant tolerance against pollution is site specific, and that integrating a number of biochemical parameters give more accurate results as compared to single. Results show that Alstonia scholaris show maximum and Magnifera indica show minimum APTI values in residential areas while Magnifera indica shows maximum and Bougainvillea glabra shows minimum APTI value in roadside areas. Present study results show that plants with higher APTI values are tolerant of pollution, whereas those with lower APTI values are susceptible to it. Thus Plants with more APTI values are tolerant and use as a sink to control pollution in urban and industrial sites.
Retrospective Assessment of Preparedness for Mosquito Control Post-Hurricane Florence in North Carolina
Authors: Fields Melinda , Balanay Jo Anne G. , Byrd Brian D. , Kearney Gregory D. , Richards Stephanie L. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives:
Ideally, mosquito control programs (MCPs) use surveillance to target control measures to potentially dangerous mosquito populations. In North Carolina (NC), where there is limited financial support for mosquito control, communities may suffer from mosquito-related issues post-hurricane due to lack of existing MCPs. Here, study objectives were to (1) investigate the emergency response of a subset of NC counties post-Hurricane Florence and (2) develop guidelines and policy recommendations to assist MCPs in post-hurricane mosquito control response.

Methods:
A survey was administered to a subset of eastern NC counties (an area previously impacted by hurricanes) with various levels of MCPs (from none to well-developed).

Results:
All respondents indicated that having Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) training would be helpful in developing a post-hurricane emergency response plan for mosquito control. There was concern related to a lack of knowledge of emergency control methods (eg, aerial/ground, adulticiding/larviciding) post-hurricane. MCP structure (eg, infrastructure, resources, operational plans/policies) could facilitate response activities and help ensure necessary emergency financial support from agencies such as FEMA.

Conclusions:
Mosquito control post-hurricane protects public health. Public health and other agencies can be networking resources for MCPs. Policy recommendations include implementation of routine FEMA assistance training workshops to improve an understanding of processes involved in assistance and reimbursement.
The cost of pediatric abdominal tuberculosis treatment in India: Evidence from a teaching hospital
Authors: Kachapila Mwayi , Sindhu Shreya , Dhiman Jyoti , Ghosh Dhruva N. , John Susan , Monahan Mark , Morton Dion G. , Roberts Tracy E. , Suroy Atul , Oppong Raymond 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study estimated the treatment cost of pediatric abdominal tuberculosis that potentially needs surgical treatment in India. Data were collected from 38 in-patient children at Christian Medical Hospital, Ludhiana as part of a clinical study conducted to establish the patterns of presentation and outcomes of abdominal tuberculosis in an Indian setting. A bottom-up approach was used to estimate the costs from a healthcare provider perspective, and a generalized linear model (GLM) was run to find variables that had an impact on the costs. Costs were reported in international dollars ($) and India Rupees (INR). The results show that the average direct cost was $3095.00 (standard deviation [SD]: 3480.82) or 68,065.13 INR (SD: 76,539.69). The GLM results established that duration of treatment and surgical treatment were significantly associated with higher costs. Efforts of eliminating the condition should be strengthened.
Sexual diversity and the Nationality and Borders Act 2022
Authors: Powell Alex , Rifath Raawiyah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this short piece we focus on two of the main changes brought in by the recent Nationality and Borders Act 2022 with a focus on sexually diverse claimants: inadmissibility and the increased standard of proof. The recent changes have a negative impact on all asylum seekers but we highlight that they have a particularly adverse impact on sexually diverse claimants because their diverse backgrounds have not been appropriately considered. The problematic provisions on inadmissibility on the basis of mode of entry and removal to a ‘third safe country’ pose particular risks for sexual minorities. Additionally, the increased standard of proof exaggerates issues already faced by sexually diverse claimants in relation to objective evidence gathering and decision-makers using guidance riddled with stereotypical understandings about sexual minorities.
A weakened Markus–Yamabe condition for planar polynomial differential systems of degree
Authors: Llibre Jaume , Valls Claudia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFor a general autonomous planar polynomial differential system, it is difficult to find conditions that are easy to verify and which guarantee global asymptotic stability, weakening the Markus–Yamabe condition. In this paper, we provide three conditions that guarantee the global asymptotic stability for polynomial differential systems of the form $x^{\prime}=f_1(x,y)$, $y^{\prime}=f_2(x,y)$, where f1 has degree one, f2 has degree $n\ge 1$ and has degree one in the variable y. As a consequence, we provide sufficient conditions, weaker than the Markus–Yamabe conditions that guarantee the global asymptotic stability for any generalized Liénard polynomial differential system of the form $x^{\prime}=y$, $y^{\prime}=g_1(x) +y g_2(x)$ with g1 and g2 polynomials of degrees n and m, respectively.
ʾinǧīl-in mubīn: A mixed archaic, Quranic, and Middle Arabic translation of the gospels and its implications for the nature of Middle Arabic
Authors: Stokes Phillip W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper undertakes a close linguistic study of a unique translation of the gospels into Arabic as attested in three manuscript witnesses. The translation is unique insofar as it imitates the Quran, especially in lexicon and rhyme. Linguistically it mixes numerous features specific to the Quran with features from both the Classical Arabic (ClAr) tradition, including poetic archaisms not typical of standard ClAr, as well as from Christian Middle Arabic. I argue that the regnant framework for Middle Arabic – that it exists on a spectrum from dialects to standard Classical Arabic – is insufficient for understanding this text. Instead, we need to conceptualize the high register for at least some communities as encompassing distinctively Christian features, which originated as living features and had achieved prestige, along with ones from Classical Arabic and Quranic recitation traditions, and even Old Hijazi.
Indice du potentiel de participation sociale des Québécois âgés : cartographie des inégalités des zones métropolitaines, urbaines et rurales
Authors: Naud Daniel , Généreux Mélissa , Bruneau Jean-François , Levasseur Mélanie 
Published: October 2023

RésuméAfin de mieux comprendre la distribution géographique des facilitateurs et des obstacles à la participation sociale des Québécois âgés, cette étude visait à documenter l’Indice du potentiel de participation sociale (IPPS) selon les zones métropolitaines, urbaines et rurales. Des analyses de données secondaires, dont l’Enquête transversale sur la santé des collectivités canadiennes, ont permis de développer et de cartographier un indice composé de facteurs environnementaux associés à la participation sociale, pondérés par une analyse factorielle. En zones métropolitaines, l’IPPS était supérieur au centre qu’en périphérie, compte tenu d’une concentration accrue d’aînés et des transports. Bien qu’atténuée, la configuration était similaire en zones urbaines. En zone rurale, un IPPS élevé était associé à une concentration d’aînés et un accès aux ressources accru, sans configuration spatiale. Pour favoriser la participation sociale, l’IPPS soutient que les transports et l’accès aux ressources doivent respectivement être améliorés en périphérie des métropoles et en zone rurale.
Myocardial bridge in a child with cardiac arrest and ventricular fibrillation: a bridge over troubled water?
Authors: McHale Joseph , Ngha Bill , Kurtz Joshua , Kozik Deborah , Johnsrude Christopher , Dasgupta Soham 
Published: October 2023

AbstractResuscitated cardiac arrest in a child triggers a comprehensive workup to identify an aetiology and direct management. The presence of a myocardial bridge does not automatically imply causation. Careful determination of the haemodynamic significance of the myocardial bridge is critical to avoid an unnecessary sternotomy and to provide appropriate treatment.
Postpartum family planning attitudes among Turkish women: development of a reliable and valid scale
Authors: Varol Zeynep Sedef , Çiçeklioğlu Meltem 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aim:
The aim of this study was to develop a scale based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) to assess the family planning (FP) attitudes of postpartum women with 0- to 12-month-old infants residing in eight neighbourhoods of the Bornova province, Izmir, Turkey.

Introduction:
Family planning is an integral component of maternal and infant health during the postpartum period and is a fundamental aspect of healthcare services in the prenatal and postnatal period.

Methods:
The Postpartum Family Planning Attitude Scale (PFPAS) was developed in four stages: item pool development, content validity evaluation, pilot study, and reliability and validity assessment. The PFPAS was administered to 292 women. The developed scale comprised 27 items and six sub-dimensions. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to evaluate the reliability of the scale. Construct validity was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis.

Findings:
Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.88, indicating good reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis validated the structural validity of the scale, with a chi-square/degree of freedom ratio of 2.24, an RMSEA value of 0.068, and a CFI value of 0.95. The lowest and highest possible scores for the PFPAS were 27 and 135, respectively, with a mean total score of 105.32 ± 11.91.
The protection of the natural environment under international humanitarian law: The ICRC's 2020 Guidelines
Authors: Obregón Gieseken Helen , Murphy Vanessa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn 2020, the International Committee of the Red Cross's work on the protection of the natural environment under international humanitarian law (IHL) produced the Committee's Guidelines on the Protection of the Natural Environment in Armed Conflict (ICRC Guidelines), an update of their 1994 predecessor. The ICRC Guidelines consist of thirty-two rules and recommendations under IHL, each accompanied by a commentary explaining their legal basis and providing guidance for interpretation. This article presents an overview of the context surrounding the Guidelines, certain key legal content, and practical implications for the conduct of parties to armed conflict as they fight.