bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gold Nanoparticles in Disulfide Based Polymer Matrices: Size, Structure and Responsivity
Authors: Wagner Maximilian , Krieger Anja , Gröhn Franziska 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA disulfide‐based polymer is used as a template for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles. Three different syntheses are tested: The simultaneous formation of gold nanoparticles and the disulfide polymer (A), the loading of a disulfide polymer matrix with HAuCl4 and then reducing with hydrazine (B), and reducing HAuCl4 with hydrazine in the presence of a cross‐linking thiol follows by oxidative coupling of another thiol to the previously formed structures via disulfide bond formation (C). The ratio of the water‐insoluble pentaerythritol tetrakis(3‐mercaptopropionate) (PETMP) and the water‐soluble acids mercaptopropionic acid or mercaptosuccinic acid (MPA or MSA) are varied. The resulting gold nanostructures differ significantly with respect to their synthesis reaching from isolated particles to networks and raspberry‐like structures. Due to the formation of disulfide bonds during the syntheses, the response of the hybrid nanoparticles to UV light and ultrasound is investigated, showing a breakdown of micrometer‐sized structures to 50 nm‐sized hybrid structures in aqueous solution.
Deriving value from branded mobile apps: Exploring the role of brand satisfaction, age, and value‐in‐use subdimensions
Authors: Santos Susana , Gonçalves Helena Martins , Mendes Rita , Gonçalves Vítor 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe study investigates how value‐in‐use generated on branded mobile apps from supermarkets affects brand satisfaction and loyalty through two models. The first model assesses how value‐in‐use dimensions (i.e., personalization, experience, and relationship) affect the outcomes, and the mediation of satisfaction and the moderation of age on those relations. The second model decomposes experience and relationship into subdimensions. The Structural equation modeling results show that personalization, experience, and relationship influence satisfaction, although experience has a negative effect. Age moderates the relations, where younger individuals value personalization and older individuals value experience and relationship. Regarding the individual subdimensions, only behavioral experience, and app trust and commitment are relevant for satisfaction, whereas behavioral experience has a negative effect. In both models, satisfaction significantly influences loyalty and mostly acts as a full mediator. Two FGDs were conducted to understand the negative effect of experience on brand satisfaction. The results show that experience is mostly utilitarian with grocery apps and apps that require increased effort yield less satisfaction. The study enriches the literature on Service‐Dominant Logic and value‐in‐use. The findings can provide managers with insights on using branded grocery apps to enhance the value co‐created between the consumer and firm.
Life Cycle Assessment in a Nutshell—Best Practices and Status Quo for the Plastic Sector
Authors: Mudersbach Marina , Jürgens Meret , Pohler Merlin , Spierling Sebastian , Venkatachalam Venkateshwaran , Endres Hans‐Josef , Barner Leonie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLife cycle assessment (LCA) is an internationally standardized methodology to evaluate the potential environmental impacts of products and technologies and assists in lowering their negative environmental consequences. So far, extensive knowledge of LCA—their application and interpretation—is restricted to experts. However, the importance of LCA is increasing due to its application in business, environmental, and policy decision‐making processes. Therefore, general knowledge of LCA is critically important. The current work provides an introduction to LCA for non‐experts discussing important steps and aspects and therefore can be used as a starting point for LCA. In addition, a comprehensive checklist for non‐experts with important content and formal aspects of LCA is provided. Specific aspects of LCA for the plastics sector along the value chain are also discussed, including their limitations.
Immune skeletal dysplasia with neurodevelopmental abnormalities caused by a novel variant of EXTL3 gene in a Chinese family
Authors: Tian Xinyuan , Zhang Xiaoni , Zhang Qinghua , Chen Xue , Zhou Bingbo , Ma Panpan , zheng Lei , Hao Shengju , Ling Junhe , Zhang Chuan , Hui Ling 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundImmune skeletal dysplasia with neurodevelopmental abnormalities (ISDNA) is an extremely rare, autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by various skeletal abnormalities, neurodevelopmental deficits, and abnormal immune system function. ISDNA is caused by variation in the exostosin‐like 3 (EXTL3) gene, located on chromosome 8p21.2, whose primary function is the biosynthesis of heparan sulfate (HS) skeleton structure. Only a few variations in the EXTL3 gene have been discovered so far. In these years of development, many pathogenic variants in genetic diseases with genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity have been investigated using whole‐exome sequencing (WES) technology.MethodsIn this research, a novel EXTL3 variant was first detected in a patient using WES, which was validated from Sanger sequencing in this family. Family history and clinical information were then collected through comprehensive medical examinations and genetic counseling. In silico prediction was then utilized to confirm the pathogenicity of the variant.ResultsA novel homozygous variant, NM_001440: c.2015G>A (p.Arg672Gln) in the EXTL3 gene, was identified using WES, which has never been reported before. Sanger sequencing was performed to confirm that the variant segregated with the disease within the family.ConclusionThis research identified a novel pathogenic variant in the EXTL3 gene responsible for ISDNA in a Chinese family. It showed the potential diagnostic role of WES in ISDNA, expanded the EXTL3 gene variation spectrum, and demonstrated that the diagnosis of ISDNA using WES is feasible and effective. More comprehensive genetic counseling and precise prenatal diagnosis for the next pregnancy can also be provided to families with genetic disorders.
Determination of self‐diffusion coefficients in mixtures with benchtop 13C NMR spectroscopy via polarization transfer
Authors: Phuong Johnnie , Mross Sarah , Bellaire Daniel , Hasse Hans , Münnemann Kerstin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is an established method to determine self‐diffusion coefficients in liquids with high precision. The development of benchtop NMR spectrometers makes the method accessible to a wider community. In most cases, 1H NMR spectroscopy is used to determine self‐diffusion coefficients due to its high sensitivity. However, especially when using benchtop NMR spectrometers for the investigation of complex mixtures, the signals in 1H NMR spectra can overlap, hindering the precise determination of self‐diffusion coefficients. In 13C NMR spectroscopy, the signals of different compounds are generally well resolved. However, the sensitivity of 13C NMR is significantly lower than that of 1H NMR spectroscopy leading to very long measurement times, which makes diffusion coefficient measurements based on 13C NMR practically infeasible with benchtop NMR spectrometers. To circumvent this problem, we have combined two known pulse sequences, one for polarization transfer from 1H to the 13C nuclei (PENDANT) and one for the measurement of diffusion coefficients (PFG). The new method (PENPFG) was used to measure the self‐diffusion coefficients of three pure solvents (acetonitrile, ethanol and 1‐propanol) as well as in all their binary mixtures and the ternary mixture at various compositions. For comparison, also measurements of the same systems were carried out with a standard PFG‐NMR routine on a high‐field NMR instrument. The results are in good agreement and show that PENPFG is a useful tool for the measurement of the absolute value of the self‐diffusion coefficients in complex liquid mixtures with benchtop NMR spectrometers.
Japanese physical therapist's evidence‐to‐practice gap in knee osteoarthritis clinical practice guidelines: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Imai Ryota , Tanaka So , Moriguchi Koichi , Nishigami Tomohiko , Tsushima Eiki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveAs management for osteoarthritis, clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have been published worldwide with the aim of attaining optimal treatment and rehabilitation. However, we suspect a lack of knowledge of and/or adherence to osteoarthritis CPGs in physiotherapists' clinical practice. There may be an evidence‐to‐practice gap in knee osteoarthritis rehabilitation among Japanese physiotherapists. Therefore, we aimed to measure the level of knowledge and adherence to osteoarthritis CPGs within a cohort of Japanese physiotherapists.MethodsAn online survey was created based on three appropriate and high‐quality CPGs. The first two sections comprised 23 statements, and participants responded via a five‐point Likert scale (“completely disagree” to “completely agree”). Consensus was defined as ≥70% agreement with a statement. In the second section, participants read clinical scenarios and selected what they considered to be the most appropriate management and interventions.ResultsThe survey was completed by 558 Japanese physiotherapists. The mean age of the participants included in the analysis was 34.8 years, 61 participants were female (13.7%). Consensus was attained in just 12 out of 23 items (52%). In the second section, none of the physiotherapists were considered to have good knowledge of CPGs, 85.2% were considered to have only partial knowledge, and 14.8% had no knowledge. Familiarity with the CPGs was therefore poor and there was clearly poor adherence to the recommended rehabilitation guidelines.ConclusionsThe level of knowledge and adherence to osteoarthritis CPGs within our cohort was poor, suggesting an evidence‐to‐practice gap in rehabilitation for knee osteoarthritis among Japanese physiotherapists.
Management of Postthyroidectomy Hypoparathyroidism and Its Effect on Hypocalcemia‐Related Complications: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: van Dijk Sam P. J. , van Driel M. H. Elise , van Kinschot Caroline M. J. , Engel Maarten F. M. , Franssen Gaston J. H. , van Noord Charlotte , Visser W. Edward , Verhoef Cornelis , Peeters Robin P. , van Ginhoven Tessa M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this Meta‐analysis is to evaluate the impact of different treatment strategies for early postoperative hypoparathyroidism on hypocalcemia‐related complications and long‐term hypoparathyroidism.Data SourcesEmbase.com, MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the top 100 references of Google Scholar were searched to September 20, 2022.Review MethodsArticles reporting on adult patients who underwent total thyroidectomy which specified a treatment strategy for postthyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism were included. Random effect models were applied to obtain pooled proportions and 95% confidence intervals. Primary outcome was the occurrence of major hypocalcemia‐related complications. Secondary outcome was long‐term hypoparathyroidism.ResultsSixty‐six studies comprising 67 treatment protocols and 51,096 patients were included in this Meta‐analysis. In 8 protocols (3806 patients), routine calcium and/or active vitamin D medication was given to all patients directly after thyroidectomy. In 49 protocols (44,012 patients), calcium and/or active vitamin D medication was only given to patients with biochemically proven postthyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism. In 10 protocols (3278 patients), calcium and/or active vitamin D supplementation was only initiated in case of clinical symptoms of hypocalcemia. No patient had a major complication due to postoperative hypocalcemia. The pooled proportion of long‐term hypoparathyroidism was 2.4% (95% confidence interval, 1.9‐3.0). There was no significant difference in the incidence of long‐term hypoparathyroidism between the 3 supplementation groups.ConclusionsAll treatment strategies for postoperative hypocalcemia prevent major complications of hypocalcemia. The early postoperative treatment protocol for postthyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism does not seem to influence recovery of parathyroid function in the long term.
Adherence to riluzole therapy in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in three Italian regions—The CAESAR study
Authors: Giometto Sabrina , Finocchietti Marco , Paoletti Olga , Lombardi Niccolò , Celani Maria Grazia , Sciancalepore Francesco , Lucenteforte Ersilia , Kirchmayer Ursula ,   CAESAR study group
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare neurodegenerative disease. Riluzole may increase survival and delay the need for mechanical ventilation. The CAESAR project (‘Comparative evaluation of the efficacy and safety of drugs used in rare neuromuscular and neurodegenerative diseases’, FV AIFA project 2012‐2013‐2014) involves evaluating prescribing patterns, and analysing effectiveness and comparative safety of drugs, in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study is to evaluate adherence to riluzole in patients with ALS during the first year of use, identifying adherence clusters.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using administrative data from Latium, Tuscany, and Umbria. We identified subjects with a new diagnosis of ALS between 2014 and 2019, with the first dispensation of riluzole within 180 days of diagnosis. We considered a two‐year look‐back period for the characterization of patients, and we followed them from the date of first dispensing of riluzole for 1 year. We calculated 12 monthly adherence measures, through a modified version of the Medication Possession Ratio, estimating drug coverage with Defined Daily Dose. Adherence trajectories were identified using a three‐step method: (1) calculation of statistical measures; (2) principal component analysis; (3) cluster analysis. Patient characteristics at baseline and during follow‐up were described and compared between adherence groups identified.ResultsWe included 264 ALS patients as new users of riluzole in Latium, 344 in Tuscany, and 63 in Umbria. We observed a higher frequency of males (56.2%) and a mean age of 67.4 (standard deviation, SD, 10.4) in the overall population. We identified two clusters in all regions: one more numerous, including adherent patients (60%, 74%, 88%, respectively), and another one including patients who discontinued therapy (40%, 26%, 12%, respectively). In Tuscany patients discontinuing riluzole more frequently died (28.6% vs. 15.4%, p‐value <0.01). Additionally, low‐adherers had a higher frequency of central nervous system disorders (69.0% vs. 52.5%, p‐value 0.01), and a greater use of non‐pharmacological treatments (p‐values ≤0.01 for invasive ventilation and tracheostomy). We did not observe any differences in Lazio, whereas in Umbria we observed a higher use of drugs for dementia‐related psychiatric problems among low‐adherers (57.1% vs. 7.8%, respectively, p‐value <0.01), although with small numbers.ConclusionMost ALS patients who start riluzole adhere to therapy during the first year. Patients who discontinue therapy early show greater fragility and mortality.
Isoprene polymerization catalyzed by iron (II) and cobalt(II) complexes carrying 2,6‐bis(1H′‐allylbenzimidazolyl)pyridyl ligand
Authors: Xu Xueqin , Chen Zhiyan , Zhou Yun , Liu Huijie , Jia Haijiang , Gong Dirong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe incorporation of cis‐1,4 and 3,4(+1,2) units is important to the overall properties of polyisoprene. Nevertheless, polymerization to prepare such polymer via coordinative‐insertion method has less reported. In the present study, 2,6‐bis(1H’‐allyl‐benzimidazolyl)pyridine has been installed onto the iron and cobalt prior to heterogeneous supporting. They are shown to be amenable to homogeneous polymerization of isoprene, affording 3,4(+1,2) units enriched polymer. The addition of disulfide carbon into cobalt catalyst is decisive for boosting productivity and elevating 3,4 (+1,2) insertion. Whereas, diethylphosphite external donor merely behaves as a chain transfer agent in iron catalyzed polymerization. The produced polymer with a controlled 3,4(+1,2) ratio and molar mass may find application as a single rubber, in polymer blends, composites, adhesives, and as a versatile platform for transforming to a wide range of functional polymer.Highlights
Novel iron and cobalt complexes are made.
High activities toward isoprene polymerization are achieved.
3,4(+1,2) incorporated polyisoprene is obtained.
How many species of Rafflesia exist in Java, Indonesia and what are the implications for conservation?
Authors: Kusuma Yayan Wahyu C. , Matsuo Ayumi , Wanke Stefan , Suyama Yoshihisa , Isagi Yuji 
Published: November 2023

Societal Impact StatementClarifying species status for closely related taxa with similar and overlapping morphology is important for planning conservation efforts. Conservation of Rafflesia goes beyond merely saving species from extinction. It has far‐reaching societal impacts that touch on scientific discovery, cultural heritage, economic development, education, and more. Rafflesia interests many nature lovers, and so protected areas that preserve Rafflesia can become tourism hotspots, contributing to local economies and livelihoods. By conserving biodiversity, we acknowledge and value the interdependence of all living organisms, promoting a holistic understanding of nature. Biodiversity conservation is an investment in the health and well‐being of both ecosystems and human societies.Summary

Species ambiguity could hinder conservation activities. Rafflesia is an endangered, holoparasitic, and endophytic plant genus that grows exclusively on Tetrastigma (Vitaceae) host plants.
Overlapping morphological characters make their species delimitation difficult. Therefore, the number of Rafflesia species has been a major debate until now. On the island of Java, Indonesia, two or three species have been variously recognized.
Here, we aim to illuminate the species status using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) marker obtained via a multiplexed ISSR genotyping by sequencing (MIG‐seq) approach. Clustering analysis with STRUCTURE indicates three different groups. Furthermore, the delimitation of the Javanese Rafflesia into three species is the favored model based on SNAPPER analysis. Phylogenetic analysis using Randomized Axelerated Maximum Likelihood (RAxML) also supports the distinction of the three groups. Although a SplitsTree4 analysis confirms the abovementioned results, it also highlights that Rafflesia patma shows broader gene flow compared to the other two species R. rochusenii and R. zollingeriana.
We conclude that there are likely three species of Rafflesia on Java. Our study highlights the ability of using SNPs markers, in this case derived from a MIG‐seq approach, in approaching species uncertainty. The importance of clarifying the Rafflesia species status on Java Island for conservation planning is also discussed.
A systematic review of knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacogenomics in pediatric oncology patients
Authors: Moore Claire , Lazarakis Smaro , Stenta Tayla , Alexander Marliese , Nguyen Rachel Phan , Elliott David A. , Conyers Rachel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPharmacogenomics remains underutilized in clinical practice, despite the existence of internationally recognized, evidence‐based guidelines. This systematic review aims to understand enablers and barriers to pharmacogenomics implementation in pediatric oncology by assessing the knowledge, attitudes, and practice of healthcare professionals and consumers. Medline, Embase, Emcare, and PsycINFO database searches identified 146 relevant studies of which only three met the inclusion criteria. These studies reveal that consumers were concerned with pharmacogenomic test costs, insurance discrimination, data sharing, and privacy. Healthcare professionals possessed mostly positive attitudes toward pharmacogenomic testing yet identified lack of experience and training as barriers to implementation. Education emerged as the key enabler, reported in all three studies and both healthcare professionals and consumer groups. However, despite the need for education, no studies utilizing a pediatric oncology consumer or healthcare professional group have reported on the implementation or analysis of a pharmacogenomic education program in pediatric oncology. Increased access to guidelines, expert collaborations and additional guidance interpreting results were further enablers established by healthcare professionals. The themes identified mirror those reported in broader pediatric genetic testing literature. As only a small number of studies met inclusion criteria for this review, further research is warranted to elicit implementation determinants and advance pediatric pharmacogenomics.
Convolamine, a tropane alkaloid extracted from Convolvulus plauricalis, is a potent sigma‐1 receptor‐positive modulator with cognitive and neuroprotective properties
Authors: Crouzier Lucie , Meunier Johann , Carles Allison , Morilleau Axelle , Vrigneau Cassandre , Schmitt Martine , Bourguignon Jean‐Jacques , Delprat Benjamin , Maurice Tangui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimBy using an in vivo phenotypic screening assay in zebrafish, we identified Convolamine, a tropane alkaloid from Convulvus plauricalis, as a positive modulator of the sigma‐1 receptor (S1R). The wfs1abKO zebrafish larva, a model of Wolfram syndrome, exhibits an increased visual‐motor response due to a mutation in Wolframin, a protein involved in endoplasmic reticulum‐mitochondria communication. We previously reported that ligand activating S1R, restored the cellular and behavioral deficits in patient fibroblasts and zebrafish and mouse models.Experimental ProceduresWe screened a library of 108 repurposing and natural compounds on zebrafish motor response.Key ResultsOne hit, the tropane alkaloid Convolamine, restored normal mobility in wfs1abKO larvae without affecting wfs1abWT controls. They did not bind to the S1R agonist/antagonist binding site nor dissociated S1R from BiP, an S1R activity assay in vitro, but behaved as a positive modulator by shifting the IC50 value of the reference agonist PRE‐084 to lower values. Convolamine restored learning in Wfs1∆Exon8, Dizocilpine‐treated, and Aβ25‐35‐treated mice. These effects were observed at low ~1 mg/kg doses, not shared by Convolvine, the desmethyl metabolite, and blocked by an S1R antagonist.Conclusion and ImplicationsConvolamine therefore acts as an S1R positive modulator and this pharmacological action is relevant to the traditional use of Shankhpushpi in memory and cognitive protection.