bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atmospheres as a window to rocky exoplanet surfaces
Authors: Byrne Xander , Shorttle Oliver , Jordan Sean , Rimmer Paul B 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
As the characterization of exoplanet atmospheres proceeds, providing insights into atmospheric chemistry and composition, a key question is how much deeper into the planet we might be able to see from its atmospheric properties alone. For small planets with modest atmospheres and equilibrium temperatures, the first layer below the atmosphere will be their rocky surface. For such warm rocky planets, broadly Venus-like planets, the high temperatures and moderate pressures at the base of their atmospheres may enable thermochemical equilibrium between rock and gas. This links the composition of the surface to that of the observable atmosphere. Using an equilibrium chemistry code, we find a boundary in surface pressure–temperature space which simultaneously separates distinct mineralogical regimes and atmospheric regimes, potentially enabling inference of surface mineralogy from spectroscopic observations of the atmosphere. Weak constraints on the surface pressure and temperature also emerge. This regime boundary corresponds to conditions under which SO2 is oxidized and absorbed by calcium-bearing minerals in the crust, thus the two regimes reflect the sulphidation of the crust. The existence of these atmospheric regimes for Venus-like planets is robust to plausible changes in the elemental composition. Our results pave the way to the prospect of characterizing exoplanetary surfaces as new data for short period rocky planet atmospheres emerge.
Rrm3 and Pif1 division of labor during replication through leading and lagging strand G-quadruplex
Authors: Varon Mor , Dovrat Daniel , Heuzé Jonathan , Tsirkas Ioannis , Singh Saurabh P , Pasero Philippe , Galletto Roberto , Aharoni Amir 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Members of the conserved Pif1 family of 5′-3′ DNA helicases can unwind G4s and mitigate their negative impact on genome stability. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, two Pif1 family members, Pif1 and Rrm3, contribute to the suppression of genomic instability at diverse regions including telomeres, centromeres and tRNA genes. While Pif1 can resolve lagging strand G4s in vivo, little is known regarding Rrm3 function at G4s and its cooperation with Pif1 for G4 replication. Here, we monitored replication through G4 sequences in real time to show that Rrm3 is essential for efficient replisome progression through G4s located on the leading strand template, but not on the lagging strand. We found that Rrm3 importance for replication through G4s is dependent on its catalytic activity and its N-terminal unstructured region. Overall, we show that Rrm3 and Pif1 exhibit a division of labor that enables robust replication fork progression through leading and lagging strand G4s, respectively.
Neutrophils—biology and diversity
Authors: Maier-Begandt Daniela , Alonso-Gonzalez Noelia , Klotz Luisa , Erpenbeck Luise , Jablonska Jadwiga , Immler Roland , Hasenberg Anja , Mueller Tonina T , Herrero-Cervera Andrea , Aranda-Pardos Irene , Flora Kailey , Zarbock Alexander , Brandau Sven , Schulz Christian , Soehnlein Oliver , Steiger Stefanie 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Neutrophils, the most abundant white blood cells in the human circulation, play crucial roles in various diseases, including kidney disease. Traditionally viewed as short-lived pro-inflammatory phagocytes that release reactive oxygen species, cytokines and neutrophil extracellular traps, recent studies have revealed their complexity and heterogeneity, thereby challenging this perception. Neutrophils are now recognized as transcriptionally active cells capable of proliferation and reverse migration, displaying phenotypic and functional heterogeneity. They respond to a wide range of signals and deploy various cargo to influence the activity of other cells in the circulation and in tissues. They can regulate the behavior of multiple immune cell types, exhibit innate immune memory, and contribute to both acute and chronic inflammatory responses while also promoting inflammation resolution in a context-dependent manner. Here, we explore the origin and heterogeneity of neutrophils, their functional diversity, and the cues that regulate their effector functions. We also examine their emerging role in infectious and non-infectious diseases with a particular emphasis on kidney disease. Understanding the complex behavior of neutrophils during tissue injury and inflammation may provide novel insights, thereby paving the way for potential therapeutic strategies to manage acute and chronic conditions. By deciphering their multifaceted role, targeted interventions can be developed to address the intricacies of neutrophil-mediated immune responses and improve disease outcomes.
L’allaitement et le lait humain en soins intensifs néonatals : de la naissance jusqu’au congé
Authors: Tomlinson Christopher , Haiek Laura N 
Published: December 2023

Résumé
Il est bien établi que le lait humain est la source nutritive optimale pour tous les nouveau-nés, y compris ceux qui ont besoin de soins intensifs. Le présent document de principes examine les données probantes qui appuient l’importance de l’allaitement et du lait humain pour les nouveau-nés, de même que les raisons pour lesquelles les pratiques d’allaitement doivent être priorisées à l’unité de soins intensifs néonatals. Il aborde aussi l’alimentation optimale des nouveau-nés en fonction de leur stabilité et de leur maturité, ainsi que la manière de soutenir les mères pour qu’elles établissent et maintiennent leur production de lait lorsque leur nouveau-né est incapable de se nourrir au sein.
Lugol's Solution Reduces Positive Margins and Residual Disease After the Large Loop Excision of Transformation Zone
Authors: Kim Min-Jeong , Lee Grace J. , Lee Eun Ji , Lee Seungmee , Chay Doo Byung , Lee Chae Hyeong , Kim Jae-Hoon , Roh Ju-Won 
Published: December 2023

Objective
This study aimed to examine whether the intraoperative use of Lugol's solution reduces the proportion of positive resection margins (RMs) using the data of women who underwent large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ).

Materials and Methods
A total of 1,751 consecutive women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) who underwent LLETZ with or without Lugol's solution were retrospectively retrieved from each database of 3 university hospitals in South Korea. Outcomes included positive RMs and residual disease pathologically confirmed within 6 months after LLETZ.

Results
Positive RMs were noted in 345 cases (19.7%). Among 1,507 women followed up, residual disease was diagnosed in 100 cases (6.6%) (69/308 cases with positive RMs; 31/1,199 cases with negative RMs). The Lugol's solution group was less likely to have positive RMs (11.8% vs 25.5%, p < .01), to require additional surgical intervention (5.4% vs 10.2%, p < .01), and to have residual disease (4.9% vs 8.0%, p = .02). On multiple logistic regression analysis, Lugol's solution reduced the proportion of positive RMs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.31). Age (50 years or older; aOR, 1.64), preconization cervical cytology (aOR, 1.53), high-risk human papillomavirus (aOR, 1.75), and CIN 2 or 3 (aOR, 2.65) were independent risk factors for margin positivity (p < .01 for all except high-risk human papillomavirus of p = .05).

Conclusions
Lugol's solution optimizes CIN treatment by reducing the proportion of positive RMs and residual disease after LLETZ.
Mental Symptoms Among Mental Health Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Baltacioglu Mehmet 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We aimed to examine the psychological reactions of healthcare professionals working in the field of mental health during the pandemic and their relationship with sleep quality, eating attitudes, and burnout. A cross-sectional survey was conducted over online platforms. A total of 128 mental health workers were included. Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, and Eating Attitudes Test were administered. Depression was detected in 38.3%, anxiety in 73.4%, decreased sleep quality in 89.1%, emotional burnout in 64.8%, depersonalization in 85.9%, and decreased personal achievement in 75.8% of the participants. Anxiety scores of participants who did not take an active role in COVID-19 (22.23 ± 5.067) were significantly higher (p < 0.001) than those who took an active role in COVID-19 (16.5 ± 6.273). Special attention must be paid to the mental health professionals, especially during crisis periods.
Tape Tarsorrhaphy in the Management of Lagophthalmos Caused by Severe Congenital Blepharoptosis Procedures
Authors: Sun Li-Ming , Hao Dong-Yue , Cao Jiao , Cang Zheng-Qiang , Fan Xiao , He Yun-Xia , Song Bao-Qiang , Peng Pai , Liu Chao-Hua 
Published: December 2023

Background
Lagophthalmos, a common complication after blepharoptosis correction, has plagued oculoplastic surgeons. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of tape eyelid closure on reducing the occurrence of lagophthalmos after blepharoptosis correction.

Methods
From April 2020 to June 2021, a total of 112 patients with severe congenital ptosis received corrective surgery at the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University. Of these, 48 underwent frontalis muscle advancement technique and 64 underwent conjoint fascial sheath suspension. Preoperative data collected included demographics, levator function, Bell's phenomenon, and marginal reflex distance 1 (MRD1). Postoperative data included surgery type, MRD1, eyelid closure function, aesthetic outcomes (including eyelid contour, eyelid symmetry, and eyelid crease), keratitis, and other complications.

Results
Frontalis muscle advancement technique group: the median of safe eye closure time was 7.3 months (positive Bell's phenomenon; interquartile range [IQR], 3.8–10.8 months) and 13.9 months (poor Bell's phenomenon; IQR, 11.6–16.1 months). There was a significant improvement between the preoperative and postoperative MRD1 (−1.52 ± 0.82 vs 3.85 ± 0.58 mm, P < 0.05). Conjoint fascial sheath suspension group: the median of safe eye closure time was 5.7 months (positive Bell's phenomenon; IQR, 2.9–8.5 months) and 12.4 months (poor Bell's phenomenon; IQR, 8.1–16.7 months). There was a significant improvement between the preoperative and postoperative MRD1 (−1.02 ± 0.91 vs 4.15 ± 1.03 mm, P < 0.05). All patients/guardians were satisfied with the aesthetic outcomes.

Conclusions
Tape tarsorrhaphy is a safe, easy-to-learn method for treating lagophthalmos with a good aesthetic outcome.
Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Profiling of Sheep Ovarian Tissues Confer their association in Fecundity associated Pathways
Authors: Yousuf Salsabeel , Malik Waqar Afzal , Feng Hui , Liu Tianyi , Xie Lingli , Miao Xiangyang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundLow fertility is considered the major constraint in sheep rearing industry depending on several factors like, estrus cycle, ovulation rate and litter size but fecundity of ewe plays a key role in sheep reproduction, influenced by several intrinsic and extrinsic factors. However, genetic improvements of traits associated with reproduction through conventional breeding is a very complex and slow process. In current study, we went through a comprehensive integration of high throughput transcriptomic and metabolomics approaches to understand the role of key regulatory genes and metabolites in fecundity of two different and widely raised sheep breeds (Small Tail Han & Dolang) in different regions of China.ResultUPLC/MS/MS system based metabolomic profiling of ovarian tissue from both breeds results into the identification of 1,423 metabolites, including 542 DEMs (379 upregulated and 163 downregulated). Integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics data identified 48 pathways contributed by 37 genes and 85 metabolites through regulatory network analysis. Functional enrichment analysis showed significantly enriched pathways associated with fecundity including Riboflavin metabolism, xenobiotics, bile acid biosynthesis, and Drug metabolism, which produces hormones for regulation of ovarian function, ovulation, and establishment of pregnancy. Further, analyzed two restrictive constrained plots analyzed via multivariate statistical analysis. In one plot complement component C3 associated with Leukotriene D4, and Uridine 5’-diphosphate involved in the processes of Neuroactive legend receptor interaction pathway and in second plot IFNGR1 associated with Progesterone, Fumaric acid, and Cortisone involved in the processes of cancer pathway and any disruptions in hormonal balance may induce cancer, which can affect fertility, menstrual cycles, and overall reproductive health.ConclusionExpression profiling, functional enrichments, co-expression network analysis and integrated transcriptomemetabolome data showed gene-metabolite association in energy metabolism, Inflammation, and drug metabolism, all of which play a role in ovarian physiology and ovarian metabolic disorders. Identification and validation of genes, metabolites, and gene-metabolite interactions will help to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms and pathways underlying sheep fecundity and could be leveraged to improve reproductive traits.Graphical Abstract: Scheme of Study
Circuit-motivated generalized affine models characterize stimulus-dependent visual cortical shared variability
Authors: Xia Ji , Jasper Anna , Kohn Adam , Miller Kenneth D. 
Published: December 2023

SummaryCorrelated variability in the visual cortex is modulated by stimulus properties. The stimulus dependence of correlated variability impacts stimulus coding and is indicative of circuit structure. An affine model combining a factor proportional to mean stimulus response and an additive offset has been proposed to explain how correlated variability in primary visual cortex (V1) depends on stimulus orientations. However, whether the affine model could be extended to explain modulations by other stimulus variables or variability shared between two brain areas is unknown. Motivated by a simple neural circuit mechanism, we modified the affine model to better explain the contrast-dependence of neural variability shared within either primary or secondary visual cortex (V1 or V2) as well as the orientation-dependence of neural variability shared between V1 and V2. Our results bridge neural circuit mechanisms and statistical models, and provide a parsimonious explanation for the stimulus-dependence of correlated variability within and between visual areas.
Electroadhesive hydrogel interface for prolonged mucosal theranostics
Authors: Ying Binbin , Nan Kewang , Zhu Qing , Khuu Tom , Ro Hana , Qin Sophia , Wang Shubing , Jiang Karen , Chen Yonglin , Bao Guangyu , Jenkins Josh , Pettinari Andrew , Kuosmanen Johannes , Ishida Keiko , Fabian Niora , Lopes Aaron , Li Jason , Hayward Alison , Langer Robert , Traverso Giovanni 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEstablishing a robust and intimate mucosal interface that allows medical devices to remain within lumen-confined organs for extended periods has valuable applications, particularly for gastrointestinal (GI) theranostics. Here, we report the development ofe-GLUE, anelectroadhesive hydrogelinterface for robust and prolonged mucosal retention following electrical activation. Notably, this novel mucosal adhesion mechanism can increase the adhesion energy of hydrogels on the mucosa by up to 30-fold and enablein vivoGI retention of e-GLUE devices for up to 30 days. Strong mucosal adhesion occurs within one minute of electrical activation, despite the presence of luminal fluid, mucus exposure, and organ motility, thereby ensuring compatibility with complex in vivo environments. In swine studies, we demonstrate the utility of e-GLUE for mucosal hemostasis, sustained local delivery of therapeutics, and intimate biosensing in the GI tract. This system can enable improved treatments for various health conditions, including gastrointestinal bleeding, inflammatory bowel disease, and diagnostic applications in the GI tract and beyond.
Vocational education and training in South Africa: leaders' perceptions of a mentoring framework in a professional development programme
Authors: Prummer Katharina , Human-Vogel Salomé , Pittich Daniel 
Published: December 2023

PurposeThe South African vocational education and training (VET) sector is required by legislation to redefine postsecondary education, advance industrialisation and expand the job market to address unemployment in the country. Yet, VET leaders' heterogenous educational and occupational backgrounds do not enable them to address the needs of the VET sector. Continuous professional development of leaders in the education sector needs to include support structures such as mentoring.Design/methodology/approachThe present study sought to investigate how VET managers in South Africa perceive three different types of mentoring – individual, peer group and expert-based key performance area (KPA) mentoring – during a part-time professional leadership development programme. Using interactive qualitative analysis (IQA), the authors collected and analysed data from focus group discussions (n = 24) and individual interviews (n = 21) from two cohorts of the programme.FindingsThe results revealed that individual mentoring represented the most important driving mechanism, followed by peer group mentoring and expert-based KPA mentoring. Participants identified leadership as a prerequisite for their development. Emotions formed the final outcome of the mentoring framework.Research limitations/implicationsBased on the findings, the authors suggest investigating the role played by leaders' interpersonal competences such as emotional competence in the workplace. Additionally, research needs to clarify if and how mentoring can support leaders to develop interpersonal competences in formal and informal settings.Originality/valueThe study offers empirical evidence on a three-pillar mentoring framework adopted in a professional development programme for leaders in VET in South Africa. It highlights the importance of individual, social and emotional factors.
Drop cushioning dynamic effects of corrugated cardboard with effective anisotropic constitutive model
Authors: Xi Huifeng , Shu Xiangbo , Chen Manjie , Zhang Huanliang , Huang Shi-qing , Xiao Heng 
Published: December 2023

PurposeThe primary objective of this study is characterizing the anisotropic mechanical properties of corrugated cardboard and simultaneously simulating its drop cushioning dynamic effects under various drop conditions.Design/methodology/approachStatic and dynamic tests were conducted on corrugated cardboard to obtain adequate experimental data in different directions. An effective anisotropic constitutive model is introduced by developing the honeycomb materials model in ANSYS LS-Dyna, and an effective approach is established toward effectively determining the material parameters from the test data obtained. The model is validated by comparing simulation results with experimental data from five drop conditions, including bottom drop, front drop, side drop, 30° side drop and edge drop. Additionally, simulations are conducted to study the cushioning performance of the packaging by dropping the corrugated cardboard at different heights.FindingsThe study establishes a fast and effective approach to simulating the drop cushioning performance of corrugated cardboard under various drop conditions, which demonstrates good agreement with experimental data.Originality/valueThis approach is of value for packaging protection and provides guidance for stacking of packaging during transportation.
Resources, structural designs, climate and performance management in Botswana National Sport Organisations
Authors: Kasale Lobone Lloyd , Moruisi Moses Shanako , Motswakhumo Elsie Gaolatlhe 
Published: December 2023

PurposeThis research investigates the roles that resources, organisational structure and climate play in the performance management of National Sport Organisations (NSOs).Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative study draws data from 31 interviews, five focus groups conducted amongst Botswana National Sport Organisations. To corroborate the data collected, documents from these sport organisations were content analysed.FindingsThe amount and type of resources available, the degree to which decision-making is centralised, practices formalised and roles specialised affects how NSOs implement performance management. NSOs were not implementing performance management systems and could not tell whether they were creating favourable environments to implement the practices.Practical implicationsSport managers, policymakers and educators can use insights from this study to improve their practices. This study also proposes avenues for further research.Originality/valueThis study contributes to sport management literature on performance management, and it is original because such as study has not been conducted before.
Female unemployment and the procedure that a woman has to go through to start a business: microfinance policy thresholds
Authors: Asongu Simplice 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine how the starting of business by females can be promoted by assessing critical levels of microfinance institutions (MFIs) penetration that policymakers must endeavor to maintain and/or attain in order for female unemployment not to represent a constraint in the doing of business. A constraint in doing business is understood in terms of the procedure that a woman has to go through to start a business.

Design/methodology/approach
The focus of the study is on 44 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa for the period 2004–2018, while the empirical evidence is based on interactive quantile regressions.

Findings
The following findings are established. The validity of tested hypotheses is exclusively apparent in the lowest and highest quantiles of the conditional distribution of the procedure women have to go through to start a business. MFI penetration levels needed to reverse the unfavorable incidence of female unemployment in doing business are provided. These are minimum MFIs penetration thresholds that are required in order for female unemployment not to negatively affect the procedure that a woman should go through to start a business.

Originality/value
The study complements the extant literature by assessing critical microfinance penetration levels that are needed to promote female doing of business, contingent on existing levels of female doing of business.