bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytokine adsorption in patients with cardiac arrest receiving extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CAECR): a randomized controlled clinical trial protocol
Authors: Chen Chen , Zhou Hao , Yang Yang , Zhang Gang , Zhang Zhongman , Li Wei , Chen Xufeng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction
: Even after the introduction of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR), clinical prognosis following cardiac arrest (CA) remains poor. Post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) may contribute to cardiovascular instability and death after ECPR. Systemic inflammation constitutes is a significant component of PCAS, and the severity of PCAS is associated with the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Preliminary investigations supported further assessments of cytokine adsorption as adjunctive therapy for patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and septic shock. This study aims to investigate whether cytokine adsorption can shorten the duration of Vein-Artery Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO) therapy in ECPR patients.
Methods and analysis:
The CAECR trial will be a single-center, randomized controlled, open-label trial. Patients will be randomized into two balanced parallel groups in a 1:1 ratio at the onset of ECMO initiation. Patients in the control group will undergo ECPR and receive standardized care, while those in the intervention group will undergo cytokine adsorption in addition to ECPR and receive standardized care. A 2-1-1 protocol will be adopted for cytokine adsorption: two units will be used for 12 h in the first 24 h, and then one unit per day for 24 h in the following 2 days. The primary outcome will be the duration of VA-ECMO therapy. The secondary outcomes will include related inflammatory markers, coagulation parameters, hemodynamic parameters, respiratory mechanics parameters, mechanical ventilation(MV) time, continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT) time, and changes in vasoactive-inotropic score(VIS). To comprehensively evaluate the effect of cytokine adsorption on perioperative outcomes, we will also determine whether there are differences in the length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, total hospitalization costs, and all-cause mortality.
f-MRI and High Throughput mRNA sequencing reveals potenti-al therapeutic targets of Si-Ni-San in a stress-induced depressionmodel
Authors: Li Junling , Zhang Yan , Li Te , Nie binbin , Qi Fang , Chen Qijun , Chen Tianxing , Liu Yuhang , Li Yubo , Li Gaifen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Despite the confirmed good efficacy of Si-Ni-San (SNS) in the treatment of depression, its antidepressant mechanism has remained unclear. Th-is study aimed to systematically explore the potential target brain areas and m-olecular biological basis of SNS in the treatment of depression.
Methods: Two experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, 18 male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were divided into three groups: a Control (C) group, a Model（M）group and a Stress + SNS (MS) group. The potential target brain regi-ons of SNS were explored using f-MRI. In experiment 2, 32 rats were rando-mly divided into four groups, with the same three groups (C, M and MS) andan additional Stress + Fluoxetine (MF) group. Open field test (OFT), sucrose
preference test (SPT), object recognition test (ORT) were performed to test S-NS’s antidepressant effect. High Throughput mRNA Sequencing (RNA-seq) was us-ed to explore the possible gene targets of SNS on the crucial brain region and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to verify the result. High-performance liquid chromatography was utilized to detect the neurotrans-mitters. Finally, correlation analyses between the behavior, genes, and neurotra-nsmitters were conducted to explore the relationship between them.
Results: Fifteen brain regions affected by SNS were screened out in experiment 1. In experiment 2, SNS significantly improved sucrose preference in the SPT and B-A in the ORT compared to the M group (P<0.05). Pons was selected from the fifteen brain regions for detailed study. RNA-seqfiltered 49 DEGs that SNS can reverse on the CUMS-depression model. Real-time PCR detected six genes, including Cplx2, Serpinf1, Nrg1, Anxa1, Arrb1 and Psen1. SNS significantly reversed the changes in the genes of Anxa1, Nrg1, and Psen1 caused by CUMS (P<0.05), which aligns with the DEGs result. SNS significantly reversed the NE change in the CUMS model. The correlation analysis discovered 18 noteworthy correlations between the behavior, genes, and neurotransmitters (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Pons is an important target brain region for SNS to exert its ant-idepressant effect. SNS may improve the level of pontine NE by regulating the genes of Anxa1, Nrg1, and Psen1, thereby exerting anti-depression and improv-ing cognitive function.
Temporal Dynamic of Hemoglobin Levels and Its Impact on Progression in Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3- 4 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ye Shuqi , Zhu Fan , Gan Wenyuan , Chen Wenli 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Anemia is one of the most prevalent complications in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Previous researches have indicated associations between anemia and renal outcomes. However, recurrent limitations in these studies are their exclusive reliance on baseline hemoglobin (Hb) levels, leaving the implications of longitudinal Hb fluctuations on the progression of CKD uncharted.
Methods: In this cohort of 2,336 CKD stages 3-4 patients, we investigated the relationship between Hb levels, its temporal variations, and composite renal outcomes.
Result: The average follow-up period was 552.5 days (289.3-971.0), with 834 individuals (35.7%) experiencing the composite renal endpoints. Using a fully adjusted cubic spline model with Hb treated as a continuous variable showed that the relationship between Hb and the renal composite outcomes was non-linear. Additionally, in an adjusted multivariate Cox model, participants in the Q4 (12-13 g/dL) and Q5 (>13 g/dL) groups with higher Hb levels had a significantly lower risk of composite renal outcomes compared to the Q1 group (<10 g/dL) (HR=0.57, 0.50, respectively, all p<0.001). A similar trend is observed in time-varying multivariate models that incorporate the longitudinal dynamics of Hb levels (HR=0.25, 0.25, respectively, all p<0.001).
Conclusion: In the groups with higher Hb levels, the occurrence of renal endpoint events was notably lower than in the groups with lower Hb levels. Additionally, based on the longitudinal dynamics of Hb levels, the risk of renal endpoint events decreased progressively with rising Hb levels.
A gene expression signature based on cell-death related gene expression in multiple myeloma
Authors: Zhu Hongkai , Deng Zeyu , Li Ruijuan , Zhang Rong , Wang Zhihua , Li Heng , Yin Le , Ruan Xueqin , Cheng Zhao , Yuan Zhaoshun , Peng Hongling 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a complex hematological malignancy characterized by the uncontrolled monoclonal expansion of malignant plasma cells within the bone marrow. The identification of reliable prognostic biomarkers is paramount in the precise risk stratification of MM patients and the tailoring of personalized therapeutic interventions.
Methods
This comprehensive study harnessed gene expression profiles and clinical data obtained from a cohort of 2080 Multiple myeloma patients drawn from five distinct datasets. These resources were leveraged to construct a prognostic model centered around the intricate phenomenon of cell death. We meticulously integrated microarray gene expression data from the GEO database and the MMRF-CoMMpass dataset sourced from the TCGA website. Our approach for formulating the cell death signature encompassed genes associated with a diverse array of cell death mechanisms, including apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and necroptosis. Utilizing Lasso regression, we meticulously selected variables and assigned weights, ultimately culminating in the selection of 40 genes for the development of the cell death risk score model. In addition, we conducted a thorough gene set enrichment analysis to probe the biological pathways that underwent aberrant activation within the high-risk patient cohort.
Results
Our cell death prognosis model exhibited exceptional proficiency in predicting overall survival. When integrated with the International Staging System (ISS), our model further refined the precision of prognosis prediction. Furthermore, our gene set enrichment analysis unveiled the abnormal activation of multiple pivotal biological pathways within the high-risk patient subset.
Conclusion
The prognosis model founded upon cell death-associated genes not only offers outstanding predictive performance but also facilitates the enhanced identification of high-risk MM patients. It stands as a robust tool for customizing treatment strategies and refining risk stratification. This groundbreaking research holds substantial promise in advancing our understanding of MM pathogenesis, thereby bolstering the development of more efficacious therapeutic approaches.
Removal of Atrazine from Contaminated Water by Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots
Authors: Hellal Ahmed , Abdelsalam Hazem , Tawfik Prof Walid , Ibrahim Medhat A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The limitation of clean water supplies and the increment of water pollution resources, like industrial processes, oil pollution, and herbicides, are urgent reasons for introducing new techniques for treating contaminated water. Atrazine is heavily used as a herbicide due to its high effectiveness and low price. However, its environmental persistence causes water contamination, and human exposure to AAtrazine is linked to several health effects.
This work presents a simulation study of the possibility of removing the Atrazine Atrazine from water by functionally activated carbon quantum dots (CQDs), using density functional theory (DFT)at a B3LYP level basis set. The activity of CQDs C46 with a total dipole moment of 0.9 is enhanced by the attachment of chemical groups; for instance, attaching CN and NO2 groups increases the total dipole moment to 8.744 and 9.123, respectively. The effect of the functionalized groups Carboxyl and cyanide was investigated, and confirmed that there was no structure deformation due to the functionalization process. Analysis of the obtained data shows the remarkable adsorption ability of CQDs activated by CN and NO2 groups toward the removal of atrazine herbicides due to positive adsorption energy 1.31, 128, and 1.3 eV obtained from pristine, Carboxyl, and cyanide Graphene respectively. According to the calculated total charge on the complexes Atrazine and CQD and Functionalized CQD, charge transfer mainly depends on the interaction pattern. The values of charges were -0.02, 0.004, and -0.004 for pristine, -Carboxyl, and cyanide graphene, respectively. Therefore, the observed results demonstrated the possibility of applying the chemically modified carbon quantum dots as a potential candidate for the treatment of contaminated water.
Explaining the relation between life expectancy and income inequality with fuzzy linguistic summaries
Authors: Rutkowska Aleksandra , Kaczmarek-Majer Katarzyna , Bartkowiak Marcin , Hryniewicz Olgierd 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Life expectancy is an essential indicator of economic development and health status. However, the related databases describing the overall life expectancy are relatively large and created under conditions of uncertainty, particularly regarding adjustments related to redistributing deaths of unknown age or splitting data into finer age categories. In parallel, comprehension of general trends related to the life expectancy indicator is a crucial topic from the perspective of both the private and public sectors. It supports long-term decision-making about social policies. The key question addressed in this study is the relation between life expectancy and income inequality. Fuzzy linguistic summarization is applied to explore the inequity measured with the Gini coefficient and life expectancy. We show that the outcomes of this intelligent linguistic analysis reveal new information that complements the traditional correlation analysis. The fuzzy summarization approach enables capturing and explaining, in a human-consistent way, the relations between the considered indicators. The experimental results are presented for yearly data from 24 European countries observed from 1995 to 2021. The results are promising and show the usefulness of the linguistic summarization approach for explaining the relation between life expectancy and income inequality. In particular, although the length of life varies according to gender, the relationship between life expectancy and inequality follows a similar pattern for females and males. The relationship may seem intuitive, but previous research does not confirm it unequivocally. Furthermore, our study shows a level of inequality for which changes in income distribution do not significantly impact life expectancy.
JEL Classification: C0 , J1
Maternal Heart Rate Variability at 3-Months Postpartum: Associations with Mental Health and Infant Neurophysiological Function
Authors: Brandes-Aitken Annie , Hume Amy , Werchan Denise , Zhang Maggie , Brito Natalie H. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Previous research has demonstrated a critical link between maternal stress and infant development. However, there is limited understanding of how stress physiology may influence a mother’s mental state and her infant's neurophysiological functions. In the current study, we tested 79 mothers and their 3-month infants from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds. We recorded simultaneous ECG from mother-infant dyads while baseline EEG was collected from the infant. Heart rate variability (HRV) factor scores were calculated using both linear and non-linear measures, and we computed theta-beta ratio and alpha asymmetry as EEG markers for cognitive control and emotion regulation, respectively. Results first demonstrated that higher maternal heart rate variability (mHRV) was associated with lower self-reported maternal depression, anxiety, and perceived stress scores. Second, results showed positive concordance between mHRV with infant HRV scores. Finally, mHRV was not associated with differences in alpha asymmetry, but higher mHRV was associated with lower theta-beta ratios, reflecting less theta power relative to beta power. These findings suggest that mHRV may serve as a valuable physiological marker for stress regulation, influencing broader psychological states and potentially playing a role in regulating infant neurophysiology, which could result in longitudinal variations in infant self-regulation abilities.
Fat-to-muscle mass ratio is associated with physical activity and dietary intake of protein, carbohydrate, sodium, and fiber, independent of sex, age, and body mass index: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Fujita Satoshi , Nishikori Shu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Higher fat-to-muscle mass ratio (FMR) is reported to be a risk factor for various diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, and mortality. Although this association suggests that reducing FMR may help to prevent certain diseases and mortality, the relationship between FMR and lifestyle factors is unclear. Therefore, we performed a cross-sectional study with the aim to elucidate this relationship. This cross-sectional study included 1,518 healthy Japanese adults aged 30 to 64 years. We measured FMR in the whole body, arms, legs, and trunk and assessed various lifestyle factors. Then, we performed forced entry multiple regression analyses for FMR with the following variables: sex, age, physical activity, dietary intake, sleep quality, cigarette smoking, stress levels, and body mass index. As a result, whole-body and regional FMRs were correlated with female sex (b = 0.71); age (b = 0.06); physical activity (b = -0.07); dietary intake of protein (b = -0.12), carbohydrate (b = 0.04), sodium (b = 0.13), and fiber (b = -0.16); and body mass index (b = 0.70). The results suggest that in the Japanese middle-aged population, FMR is associated with certain lifestyle factors, i.e., higher physical activity and a diet with higher protein and fiber and lower carbohydrate and sodium, independent of age, sex, and body mass index.
Outstanding ferroelectric properties in the narrow bandgap cobalt- substituted BiFeO 3 spin-coated films
Authors: Zhang Jing , Dai Jian-Qing , Zhang Guang-Cheng , Zhu Xin-Jian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Thin films of BiFe1 − xCoxO3 (BFCO, x = 0-0.05) were prepared using the sol-gel method and deposited on a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)/glass substrate. The crystal structure, surface morphology, dielectric properties, polarization, and optical characteristics of the BFCO thin films were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy analyses show that Co doping induces lattice distortion. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images demonstrate that BFCO films with x = 0.03 possess uniform fine grains, which are crucial for their ferroelectric properties. From XPS pattern, it can be observed that Co doping can inhibit the conversion of Fe3+ into Fe2+ and BiFe0.97Co0.03O3 film greatly reduces the oxygen vacancy concentration. Therefore, BiFe0.97Co0.03O3 film was found to have the lowest leakage current density (J = 7.18×10− 7 A/cm2). The film demonstrates outstanding remnant polarization at room temperature, with a value of Pr = 152.1 µC/cm2, more than twice the magnitude of that in pure BFO (Pr = 72.33 µC/cm2). Moreover, the dielectric properties of BFCO films show a significant improvement when compared to those of pure BFO samples. This enhancement can be attributed to the Co doping-induced structural transition, along with a reduction in grain size and a decrease in the concentration of oxygen vacancies. Additionally, the BiFe0.97Co0.03O3 film exhibits a narrower band gap (Eg = 1.69 eV) in comparison to the BFO film (Eg = 1.87 eV). Consequently, this expansion in the range of photovoltaic applications for BFO films can be achieved.
Integrative Analysis of the Microbiome and Metabolome of Broiler Intestine: Insights into the Mechanisms of Probiotic Action as an Antibiotic Substitute
Authors: Li Yang , Zhang Jian-Ling , Deng Jun-Jin , Chen Zhuang , Liu Shi , Liu Jing , Huang Wen-Jie , Li Jia-Zhou , Ruan Dong , Wang Zhi-Lin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Antibiotic substitutes have become a research focus due to restrictions on antibiotic usage. Among the antibiotic substitutes on the market, probiotics have been extensively researched and used. However, the mechanism by which probiotics replace antibiotics remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigated this mechanism by comparing the effects of probiotics and antibiotics on broiler growth performance and intestinal microbiota composition. Results shown that both probiotics and antibiotics increased daily weight gain and reduced feed conversion rate in broilers. Analysis of ileum and cecum microorganisms via 16S sequencing revealed that both interventions decreased intestinal microbial diversity. Moreover, the abundance of Bacteroides increased in the mature ileum, while that of Erysipelatoclostridium decreased in the cecum in response to both probiotics and antibiotics. The main metabolites of probiotics and antibiotics in the intestine were found to be organic acids, amino acids, and sugars, which might play comparable roles in growth performance. Furthermore, disaccharides and trisaccharides may be essential components in the ileum that enable probiotics to replace antibiotics. These findings provide important insights into the mechanisms underlying the use of probiotics as antibiotic substitutes in animal breeding.
The oxygen reduction reaction on M-MO x (M=Fe/Co) carbon-based catalyst through DFT calculations
Authors: Tao Zeyu , Liu Hangcheng , Wang Jinhui , Liu Jianfeng , Shi Zhengrong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Designing rational, efficient, and durable electrocatalysts with high performance for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is critical for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In this work, the ORR on M-MOx (M = Fe/Co) carbon-based catalysts was simulated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results suggested that it has the maximum adsorption energy (Co/Co3O4/GC(-1.543eV)) and the minimum desorption energy (Co/Co3O4/GC(-11.383eV)) for ORR when doping with the same element at the top of the target atom. Moreover, it was found that the impurity energy level appeared near the Fermi energy level, which indicated that doping with transition metal can improve the catalyst’s conductivity and enhance its electron transfer rate. The interaction between transition metals and these oxidized composite catalysts was also compared and analyzed by the density of states, and partial density of states, which provided a theoretical basis for the doping modifications of transition metal oxides as electrode materials.
Improved optical performance in circular-grating distributed feedback nanoplasmonic lasers
Authors: Yang Zhenyuan , Peng Wenxin , Li Songnong , Liu Ziang , Liu Zhuonan , Yu Peiquan , Wan Weihao , Huang Xiaoping 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Optical modes control has been driven from vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) applications with multi-mode operation such as optical fiber communication or optical sensing. Optical gain materials coupling with optical resonators provides an effective way to tunning the optical mode of VCSELs. In this paper, a kind of nanoplasmonic laser was designed by using semiconductor nanorods array coupled optically with a distributed feedback circular grating. In this device, the mode field was cooperatively controlled by the confinement of surface plasmon around the nanorod cavity, and the spatially tune with the distributed feedback circular grating. Based on the physical model, the optimal device design with excellent lasering performance was achieved through a complete optimizing numerical simulation with multiple effects. The monochromatic circular grating distributed feedback nanoplasmonic laser functions the optimum lasing performance with a single-longitudinal mode peak at 511.2 nm, 3 dB line width of 1.98 pm, a side-mode rejection ratio of 45 dB, and a threshold current of 124 mA. A six-fold rotational symmetric far-field mode corresponding to the third-order Laguerre Gaussian azimuth mode was demonstrated by the distributed feedback circular grating. This work paves a fundamental way for the mode engineering design of novel nanolaser in the technical applications of optical communication, sensing and integrated photonics.