bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel score to predict in-hospital mortality for patients with acute coronary syndrome and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: the FACTOR study
Authors: Schweiger Victor , Hiller Pauline , Utters Rahel , Fenice Angela , Cammann Victoria Lucia , Di Vece Davide , Rajman Katja , Candreva Alessandro , Gotschy Alexander , Gilhofer Thomas , Würdinger Michael , Stähli Barbara E. , Seifert Burkhardt , Müller Stefan M. , Templin Christian , Stehli Julia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) represent a substantial global healthcare challenge. In its most severe form, it can lead to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Despite medical advancements, survival rates in OHCA patients remain low. Further, the prediction of outcomes in these patients poses a challenge to all health care providers involved. This study aims at developing a score with variables available on admission to assess in-hospital mortality of patients with OHCA undergoing coronary angiography.

Method
All patients with OHCA due to ACS admitted to a tertiary care center were included. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the association between clinical variables and in-hospital all-cause mortality. A scoring system incorporating variables available upon admission to assess individual patients' risk of in-hospital mortality was developed (FACTOR score). The score was then validated.

Results
A total of 291 patients were included in the study, with a median age of 65 [56–73] years, including 47 women (16.2%). The in-hospital mortality rate was 41.2%. A prognostic model was developed in the derivation cohort (n = 138) and included the following variables: age, downtime, first detected rhythm, and administration of epinephrine. The area under the curve for the FACTOR score was 0.823 (95% CI 0.737–0.894) in the derivation cohort and 0.828 (0.760–0.891) in the validation cohort (n = 153).

Conclusion
The FACTOR score demonstrated a reliable prognostic tool for health care providers in assessing in-hospital mortality of OHCA patients. Early acknowledgement of a poor prognosis may help in patient management and allocation of resources.

Graphical abstract
Fully angularly resolved 3D microrheology with optical tweezers
Authors: Matheson Andrew B. , Mendonca Tania , Smith Matthew G. , Sutcliffe Ben , Fernandez Andrea Jannina , Paterson Lynn , Dalgarno Paul A. , Wright Amanda J. , Tassieri Manlio 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMicrorheology with optical tweezers (MOT) is an all-optical technique that allows the user to investigate a materials’ viscoelastic properties at microscopic scales, and is particularly useful for those materials that feature complex microstructures, such as biological samples. MOT is increasingly being employed alongside 3D imaging systems and particle tracking methods to generate maps showing not only how properties may vary between different points in a sample but also how at a single point the viscoelastic properties may vary with direction. However, due to the diffraction limited shape of focussed beams, optical traps are inherently anisotropic in 3D. This can result in a significant overestimation of the fluids’ viscosity in certain directions. As such, the rheological properties can only be accurately probed along directions parallel or perpendicular to the axis of trap beam propagation. In this work, a new analytical method is demonstrated to overcome this potential artefact. This is achieved by performing principal component analysis on 3D MOT data to characterise the trap, and then identify the frequency range over which trap anisotropy influences the data. This approach is initially applied to simulated data for a Newtonian fluid where the trap anisotropy induced maximum error in viscosity is reduced from ~ 150% to less than 6%. The effectiveness of the method is corroborated by experimental MOT measurements performed with water and gelatine solutions, thus confirming that the microrheology of a fluid can be extracted reliably across a wide frequency range and in any arbitrary direction. This work opens the door to fully spatially and angularly resolved 3D mapping of the rheological properties of soft materials over a broad frequency range.
TON1 recruiting motif 21 positively regulates the flavonoid metabolic pathway at the translational level in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Wu Ling , Chen Xuan , Zhang Ping , Yan Shaowei , Zhang Tingzhi , Li Yuanyuan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Main conclusion
This study reveals that TRM21 acts as a positive regulator of flavonoid biosynthesis at the translational level in Arabidopsis, impacting both secondary metabolites and genes associated with root hair growth.

Abstract
TRM (TONNEAU1-recruiting motif) superfamily proteins are reported to be involved in microtubule assembly. However, the functions of this protein family are just beginning to be uncovered. Here, we provide metabolomic and genetic evidence that 1 of the 34 TRM members, TRM21, positively regulates the biosynthesis of flavonoids at the translational level in Arabidopsis thaliana. A loss-of-function mutation in TRM21 led to root hair growth defects and stunted plant growth, accompanied by significant alterations in secondary metabolites, particularly a marked reduction in flavonoid content. Interestingly, our study revealed that the transcription levels of genes involved in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway remained unchanged in the trm21 mutants, but there was a significant downregulation in the translation levels of certain genes [flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR), anthocyanidin reductase (ANR), flavanone 3’-hydroxylase (F3'H), flavonol synthase (FLS), chalcone synthase (CHS)]. Additionally, the translation levels of some genes related to root hair growth [RHO-related GTPases of plant 2 (ROP2), root hair defective 6 (RHD6), root hair defective 2 (RHD2)] were also reduced in the trm21 mutants. Taken together, these results indicate that TRM21 functions as a positive regulator of flavonoid biosynthesis at the translational level in Arabidopsis.
Metronomic cyclophosphamide for bone marrow carcinomatosis in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Peres Tobias , Aeppli Stefanie , Fischer Stefanie , Gysel Katrin , Rothermundt Christian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
In some patients with prostate cancer, bone marrow carcinomatosis develops later in the course of the disease, which has a poor prognosis. These are often heavily pretreated patients in the castration-resistant situation for whom there are no other therapeutic options, because either all available systemic therapies have already been used or the use of one is not possible due to the cytopenias associated with bone marrow carcinomatosis. In our literature search, there are no data on this treatment in the setting available, especially no clinical trial or even randomized data. This case series is to determine the clinical efficacy of metronomic cyclophosphamide in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and bone marrow carcinomatosis, particularly with regard to stabilization of the blood count (thrombocytopenias) and thus the possibility of further (more toxic) lines of therapy.

Methods
Retrospective unicenter analysis was performed on eleven patients between 54 and 84 years of age on metronomic cyclophosphamide for bone marrow carcinomatosis in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated at a Swiss cancer center between 2014 and 2023.

Results
Eleven patients received metronomic cyclophosphamide for varying periods of time; the majority had severe cytopenias (especially thrombocytopenias). Partially hematologic stabilization was achieved with administration of further systemic therapies.

Conclusion
Our case series demonstrates that the use of metronomic cyclophosphamide allows hematologic stabilization for months, benefiting patients who had already received all available therapies for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Alternatively, it may act as bridging therapy to allow consecutive administration of more toxic therapies with proven survival benefit.
CircBRIP1: a plasma diagnostic marker for non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Fan Xinfeng , Zhang Qi , Qin Shiyi , Ju Shaoqing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Circular RNA (circRNA), which has been demonstrated in studies to be abundantly prevalent in tumor cells and bodily fluids and to play a significant role in tumors, has the potential for biological markers to be used to assist tumor diagnosis. This study mainly discusses the potential of circBRIP1 as a biomarker for diagnosing non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods
First, high-throughput sequencing screened the differentially expressed circBRIP1, and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) verified its expression in NSCLC. Next, sanger sequencing, agarose gel electrophoresis, RNase R assay, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to verify its molecular characteristics. The diagnostic value was analyzed by the subject operating characteristic curve (ROC), and the cardinality test was analyzed for correlation with clinicopathological parameters. Finally, we tentatively predicted the downstream miRNA- or RNA-binding protein that may bind to circBRIP1.

Results
CircBRIP1 is highly expressed in NSCLC tissues, cells and plasma with good specificity and stability. CircBRIP1 not only can well-distinguish NSCLC patients from benign pulmonary diseases (BPD) patients, healthy individuals and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients, but it also has some potential for dynamic monitoring. Combined with the analysis of clinicopathological data, the high level of circRNA expression was related to the degree of tumor differentiation, TNM stage, T stage, lymph node metastasis and distal metastasis in NSCLC patients. In addition, circBRIP1 has a high diagnostic value.

Conclusions
Plasma circBRIP1 is significantly overexpressed in NSCLC patients. It can be used as a sensitive biomarker with unique value for early diagnosis, tumor development and prognosis detection.
Charakterisierung von Schlackenphasen und deren Auswirkung auf den LD-Prozess
Authors: Hufnagl Michaela , Ammer Rainer , Fritz Raimund , Angeli Johann 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungFür das Einstellen der geforderten Zielgehälter an Phosphor im LD-Rohstahl ist dessen Abbindung in den sich bildenden mineralogischen Phasen der LD-Schlacke sowie die sich einstellende Schlackenviskosität entscheidend. Um die Auswirkung schwankender Rohstoffqualitäten und damit einhergehend signifikant erhöhter Initial-Phosphorgehälter im Roheisen (bis zu 1200 ppm) hinsichtlich der Phasenausbildung und damit dem potenziellen Phosphoraufnahmevermögen der Schlacke zu untersuchen, wurde der mineralogische Aufbau von Betriebsschlacken mit einem gezielt eingestelltem P‑Start-Gehalt von 1200 ppm mit Hilfe der analytischen Methoden LIMI, REM-BSE/EDX, RFA und XRD bestimmt und jener mit dem ebenfalls analysierten Aufbau von Referenzschlacken (P-Start-Gehalt < 25 ppm) gegenübergestellt. Weiters wurde für die Bewertung der Plausibilität und der künftigen Anwendbarkeit thermodynamisch ermittelter Ergebnisse ein Vergleich der experimentell identifizierten Phasenzusammensetzung, mit jener aus den thermodynamischen Berechnungen mittels der Software FactSage 8.1 durchgeführt. Dabei wurde durch die durchgehende Präsenz des β‑Dicalciumsilikats (Larnit) in den High-P-Schlacken, welche als Hauptphase für die Entphosphorung wirkt, der P‑Einbau in dieser Phase über alle Methoden hinweg identifiziert. Allerdings geht sowohl analytisch als auch thermodynamisch berechnet hervor, dass jenes zusammen mit den anderen primär auftretenden Phasen der Schlacke als Festphase vorliegt, wodurch bei hohen P‑Gehältern die Schlackenviskosität, welche ein entscheidender Faktor für das Ablaufen der metallurgischen Frischreaktionen im LD-Konverter ist, maßgeblich beeinflusst wird und damit das Optimierungspotential hinsichtlich der Steuerung der Phasenausbildung durch Anpassung der Zugaben limitiert ist.
Low-Dimensional Invariant Embeddings for Universal Geometric Learning
Authors: Dym Nadav , Gortler Steven J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper studies separating invariants: mappings on D-dimensional domains which are invariant to an appropriate group action and which separate orbits. The motivation for this study comes from the usefulness of separating invariants in proving universality of equivariant neural network architectures. We observe that in several cases the cardinality of separating invariants proposed in the machine learning literature is much larger than the dimension D. As a result, the theoretical universal constructions based on these separating invariants are unrealistically large. Our goal in this paper is to resolve this issue. We show that when a continuous family of semi-algebraic separating invariants is available, separation can be obtained by randomly selecting $$2D+1 $$

2
D
+
1

of these invariants. We apply this methodology to obtain an efficient scheme for computing separating invariants for several classical group actions which have been studied in the invariant learning literature. Examples include matrix multiplication actions on point clouds by permutations, rotations, and various other linear groups. Often the requirement of invariant separation is relaxed and only generic separation is required. In this case, we show that only $$D+1$$

D
+
1

invariants are required. More importantly, generic invariants are often significantly easier to compute, as we illustrate by discussing generic and full separation for weighted graphs. Finally we outline an approach for proving that separating invariants can be constructed also when the random parameters have finite precision.
Event-triggered finite-time dissipative control for fractional-order neural networks with uncertainties
Authors: Huyen Nguyen Thi Thanh , Tuan Tran Ngoc , Thuan Mai Viet , Thanh Nguyen Truong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the focus is on addressing the problems of designing an event-triggered finite-time dissipative control strategy for fractional-order neural networks (FONNs) with uncertainties. Firstly, the Zeno behavior of the fractional-order neural networks model is discussed. Utilizing inequality techniques, we calculate a positive lower bound for inter-execution intervals, which serves to resolve issues related to infinite triggering and sampling. Secondly, we formulate an event-triggered control scheme to solve the finite-time dissipative control problems. Through the application of finite-time boundedness theory, fractional-order calculus properties, and linear matrix inequality techniques, we derive sufficient conditions for the existence of such an event-triggered finite-time dissipative state-feedback control for the considered systems. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Taxonomic characterisation of the Regianum clade (genus Tuber) and the trait evolution of spore size among true truffles
Authors: Cseh Péter , Merényi Zsolt , Bóna Lilla , Varga Torda , Bóka Károly , Nagy István , Kaounas Vasileios , Vidal Josep Maria , Paz Aurelia , Bratek Zoltán 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe genusTubercomprises ectomycorrhizal fungal species producing belowground ascomata, including the gastronomically most prominent hypogeous fungi. Since the discovery and description of new species are ongoing, the proportion of undescribed species can be considerable and the taxonomy of the genus goes often through changes. The taxonomy of the genusTuberwould therefore benefit from a periodic review.Tuberspecies described in Europe in recent decades includeTuber regianum,T. bernardiniiandT. magentipunctatum. The common characteristics of these three species are the relatively small-sized spores with alveolate-reticulate ornamentation, a high number of spores per ascus (most frequently 6–8 spores) and small-sized ascomata with a verrucose-papillate or smooth surface. The present study aimed at examining the morphology and ecology of the three species, and providing a detailed taxonomic description of the Regianum clade using a multilocus phylogenetic analysis. In addition to this, we examined whether the apparently plesiomorphic morphological character states of this phylogenetically basal clade are the result of the conservation of ancestral character states. Our results show that in the case of certain morphological traits of the Regianum clade, the apparently plesiomorphic character states are indeed retained ancestral states, while in others, they are convergently reappeared ones. Furthermore, taking an overlook at allTuberclades, we found that some morphological characters, such as spore length, number of spores per ascus and ascus length, changed together in the same evolutionary patterns, while others transformed in different ways within the genus.
Logik und Leistungsfähigkeit des Verschwörungsweltbildes
Authors: Vobruba Georg 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDas entscheidende Merkmal des Verschwörungsweltbildes ist, dass es die komplexe soziale Realität moderner Gesellschaften in der Logik des Handelns erklärt und auf ein übermächtiges Handlungszentrum, dessen verborgene Absichten und daraus folgende manipulative Strategien zurückführt. Soziale Konflikte, Inkonsistenzen und Widersprüche werden auf der Ebene des Scheins verortet und als Ablenkungs- und Verwirrungsmanöver identifiziert, die eine wirklichere Wirklichkeit lediglich verdecken. Verschwörungsdenken tritt verstärkt dann auf, wenn in der Folge von Krisen Komplexität in den Alltag der Leute einbricht. Es lässt sich als rückwärtsgewandter Versuch interpretieren, sich der Komplexität der Moderne kognitiv zu erwehren. Vor diesem Hintergrund analysiert der Artikel die zentralen Motive der digitalen Verschwörungspublizistik der letzten Jahre, die infolge der internationalen Finanzkrise, der anhaltenden Migration nach Europa, der COVID-Pandemie und des Ukraine-Kriegs stark an Popularität gewonnen hat. Es zeigt sich, dass das Verschwörungsweltbild sowie das dafür kennzeichnende „Einfachdenken“ eine absurde, aber in sich weitestgehend stimmige Interpretation der Wirklichkeit bieten. Im Ergebnis wird deutlich, wie Logik, Leistungsfähigkeit und Folgen des Verschwörungsweltbildes systematisch miteinander zusammenhängen und sich wechselseitig konsolidieren sowie katalysieren.
Application of Ultrasonic Cavitation in Ship and Marine Engineering
Authors: Huang Xiao , Niu Guangyun , Xie Yuanji , Chen Xiaopeng , Hu Haibao , Pan Guang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBiofouling on ships and offshore structures has always been a difficult problem to solve, which not only jeopardizes the structural strength but also brings great economic losses. Ultrasonic cavitation is expected to solve this problem due to its characteristics of no damage to structures and no pollution. Starting from the phenomenon and mechanism of ultrasonic cleaning, this paper introduces the application of ultrasonic cavitation in ship, pipeline and oil cleaning as well as ballast water treatment. By reviewing the existing studies, limitations such as insufficient ultrasonic parameter studies, lack of uniform cleanliness standards, and insufficient cavitation studies are summarized to provide traceable research ideas for improving ultrasonic cavitation technology and to guide the expansion and improvement of its applications.
Consciously choosing and shaping what to comprehend: a mixed-methods approach to first-person aspects of mental agency in ambiguous speech perception
Authors: Wagemann Johannes , Walter Annika 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSpeech perception plays a key role in many fields of human development and social life but is often impaired by ambiguities on various levels of processing. While these phenomena have been extensively researched in the cognitive (neuro-) sciences according to empirical paradigms that adhere to the third-person perspective of externally measurable behavior, their first-personal and agentive dimensions remain mostly elusive. However, particularly the latter should not be neglected as they can in principle not completely be mapped on quantitative data but are crucial for people in lifeworld situations. We explored this point in the contexts of cognitive penetrability and mental action and conducted a mixed-methods study with qualitative reports on speech perceptual reversal (N = 63) as part of a series of related studies on other modalities. Exposed to respective stimuli, one half of the participants was instructed to voluntarily change their verbal percept, while the other half were told to hold a deliberately chosen word. Qualitative data analysis revealed four typical forms of mental activity, various strategies, and accompanying forms of intention and metacognitive feelings. On the one hand, this activity structure replicates that found in already published studies on vision and non-linguistic audition and thus lends itself to refinement of Posner and Petersen’s (Annual Reviews in Neuroscience, 13, 25–42, 1990) classic model of attentional shift. On the other hand, statistical testing of the quantified data strengthened our hypotheses about mental activities across conditions and modalities, thus also arguing for a cultivable agentive attention awareness in speech perception that even penetrates early stages of speech processing.
Farmer-Centred Multi-stakeholder Platforms: From Iterative Approach to Conceptual Embedding
Authors: van Ewijk Edith , Ataa-Asantewaa Martha , Asubonteng Kwabena O. , Van Leynseele Yves P. B. , Derkyi Mercy , Laven Anna , Ros-Tonen Mirjam A. F. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Research on knowledge exchange in multi-stakeholder platforms (MSPs) within smallholder farmer settings has primarily focused on adaptive designs and increased innovation rates. This paper addresses a knowledge gap by providing insights into the limited understanding of how knowledge sharing in MSPs can be inclusive of smallholder farmers’ knowledge. It shares experiences with a farmer-centred approach to learning and knowledge-sharing with smallholder farmers in Ghana and places this iteratively developed approach within a theoretical perspective. We relate the farmer-centred approach to five design principles inspired by human-centred design rules and inclusive development dimensions. Findings from observations, interviews, and focus group discussions illustrate how the farmer-centred approach creates multifunctional spaces for peer-to-peer learning, interaction with institutional actors, and network building (design principle 1). Prior farmer-centred research ensured that themes addressed were relevant to participant farmers and brought their innovations ‘from below’ to the table (design principles 2 and 3). A majority representation of farmers, facilitation by local researchers, and organising platform meetings at the district level created a safe space for farmers to share their knowledge and feel included and empowered (design principle 4). Several local institutional actors took ownership of the platform principles, which created opportunities for their manifestation in future collaborations with farmers (design principle 5). However, challenges remain in engaging crucial actors from higher scale levels and reducing donor dependency. The design principles presented in this paper contribute to the genuine inclusion of farmers’ knowledge and innovations. We recommend government agencies at the national and district levels incorporate these design principles into their work plans and budgets and prioritise farmers’ knowledge and innovation capacity for inclusive learning and knowledge co-creation.