bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medicinal Plant Identification in Real-Time Using Deep Learning Model
Authors: Kavitha S. , Kumar T. Satish , Naresh E. , Kalmani Vijay H. , Bamane Kalyan Devappa , Pareek Piyush Kumar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMedicinal plants have a long tradition of being cultivated and harvested in India. The Indian Forest is the principal repository for many useful medicinal herbs. As a result of their critical role in maintaining people's life, medicinal plants have traditionally been the subject of intensive research and consideration. Yet, correctly identifying plants used in medicine is a laborious process that takes a lot of time and expertise. Because of this, a vision-based approach may aid scientists and regular people in the rapid and precise identification of herb plants. Therefore, this research suggests a vision-based smart method to recognize herb plants by creating a deep learning (DL) model. Although there is a wide variety of useful plants, we limit ourselves to just six from the Kaggle database: betel, curry, tulsi, mint, neem, and Indian beech. For each medicinal plant, we collected 500 images. The data undergo a process of resizing and augmentation to increase the sample size. For the fully automatic identification of medicinal leaves, the MobileNet DL model is selected. To determine the model's effectiveness, it must first be trained, then validated, and ultimately tested. The DL model is evaluated using measures including accuracy, precision, and recall. For this reason, the DL model was able to correctly identify medicinal leaves at an accuracy rate of 98.3%. After being thoroughly investigated, the DL model is uploaded to the cloud, and a mobile app is created for the real-time identification of medicinal leaves. To recognize leaf images, the built mobile app accesses the DL model on the cloud. The automated recognition of plants represents an extremely promising option for filling the taxonomic gap and gaining a lot of interest from the fields of botany and machine vision.
Mining salt stress-related genes in Spartina alterniflora via analyzing co-evolution signal across 365 plant species using phylogenetic profiling
Authors: Gao Shang , Chen Shoukun , Yang Maogeng , Wu Jinran , Chen Shihua , Li Huihui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWith the increasing number of sequenced species, phylogenetic profiling (PP) has become a powerful method to predict functional genes based on co-evolutionary information. However, its potential in plant genomics has not yet been fully explored. In this context, we combined the power of machine learning and PP to identify salt stress-related genes in a halophytic grass, Spartina alterniflora, using evolutionary information generated from 365 plant species. Our results showed that the genes highly co-evolved with known salt stress-related genes are enriched in biological processes of ion transport, detoxification and metabolic pathways. For ion transport, five identified genes coding two sodium and three potassium transporters were validated to be able to uptake Na+. In addition, we identified two orthologs of trichome-related AtR3-MYB genes, SaCPC1 and SaCPC2, which may be involved in salinity responses. Genes co-evolved with SaCPCs were enriched in functions related to the circadian rhythm and abiotic stress responses. Overall, this work demonstrates the feasibility of mining salt stress-related genes using evolutionary information, highlighting the potential of PP as a valuable tool for plant functional genomics.
Review on green synthesis of silica nanoparticle functionalized graphene oxide acrylic resin for anti-corrosion applications
Authors: Hassan Ibrahim , Baba Nasirudeen M. , Benin Muhammad E. , Labulo Ayomide H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSilica nanoparticles (SiNPs) and graphene oxide (GO) are two promising nanomaterial that have attracted considerable attention for their unique properties and applications. However, the conventional synthesis methods of SiNPs and GO often involve hazardous chemicals and high energy consumption, which pose environmental and economic challenges. Therefore, green and sustainable synthesis methods of SiNPs and GO are highly desirable. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the green synthesis of SiNPs and GO using various natural sources, such as plants, fungi, bacteria, algae, clay, etc. We also discuss the functionalization of SiNPs and GO with acrylic resin to form hybrid nanocomposites for anti-corrosion applications. The advantages and challenges of these green methods are highlighted, and the future prospects are outlined. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in the green synthesis of SiNPs and GO-based nanocomposites for anti-corrosion applications, and to inspire further research in this emerging field.
Graphical abstract
Soil pH determines microbial utilization strategy for straw-derived hydrophilic and hydrophobic fractions in a Ferralsol
Authors: Zheng Xiaodong , Gunina Anna , Fang Yunying , Van Zwieten Lukas , Bolan Nanthi , Li Xiang , Wei Lan , Huang Lianxi , Huang Yufen , Lin Qimei , Wang Hailong , Liu Zhongzhen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLime is commonly used to neutralize acidic soil in practical farmland management. This study aimed to examine the effect of soil pH change by liming in acidic soil on the mineralization and microbial assimilation of 13C-labelled maize straw-derived hydrophilic and hydrophobic fractions in a 60-d incubation experiment. Our results showed a higher cumulative mineralization of hydrophilic fraction in acidic (34.5%) than neutralized Ferralsol (22.3%), related to lower microbial substrate use efficiency under low soil pH. The cumulative mineralization of hydrophobic fraction was similar between acidic and neutralized Ferralsol. Soil pH affected substrate (hydrophilic and hydrophobic fractions) utilization by actinomycetes and bacteria, but not fungi. The utilization of hydrophilic fraction followed the order: bacteria (57–68%) > actinomycetes (10–19%) > fungi (4.2–5.5%). In contrast, utilization of hydrophobic fraction was the highest for fungi (24–38%), followed by bacteria (21–29%) and actinomycetes (3.2–15%). Actinomycetes showed a greater preference for hydrophilic fraction in neutralized than acidic Ferralsol; bacteria preferred to utilize hydrophilic fraction in both soils, while fungi favored hydrophobic fraction. Also, various substrate uses were found in specific phospholipid fatty acids, which showed that some individual species harbor particular organic C metabolization strategies. In conclusion, soil pH regulates the mineralization of hydrophilic fraction and variously determines the preferential utilization of hydrophilic and hydrophobic fractions by fungi, bacteria, and actinomycetes.
Graphical Abstract
Challenges Faced by Medical Rescue Teams During Disaster Response: A Systematic Review Study
Authors: Kuday Ahmet Doğan , Özcan Tuğba , Çalışkan Cüneyt , Kınık Kerem 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study was conducted to identify the challenges faced by medical rescue teams during the response phase of sudden-onset disasters and provide a comprehensive understanding of these challenges. Peer-reviewed, English-language articles published until January 2023 that described the challenges faced by medical rescue teams during disaster response were searched in the Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, PubMed, and Science Direct databases. The articles were assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) version 2018, a quality evaluation tool, and a qualitative thematic synthesis approach was adopted. A total of 353 publications were identified, and 18 of these met the inclusion criteria. Of the 18 included studies, 8 were review articles, 4 were special reports, 3 were cross-sectional studies, 1 was a mixed methods study, 1 was a qualitative study, and 1 was a short communication. Through qualitative analysis, the challenges faced by medical rescue teams during disaster response were categorized into 6 factors: organizational, individual, environmental and health, logistical, communication and information, and other factors. These factors are significant in terms of issues such as delayed access to disaster victims, disruptions in response processes, and an increase in morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, the findings in our study shed light on future research in the field of disasters and offer opportunities to develop a roadmap for improving the conditions of medical rescue teams.
The relationship between parent's self-reported exposure to food marketing and child and parental purchasing and consumption outcomes in five countries: findings from the International Food Policy Study
Authors: Soares Guimarães Julia , Pauzé Elise , Potvin Kent Monique , Barquera Simón , Jáuregui Alejandra , Sacks Gary , Vanderlee Lana , Hammond David 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Food and beverage marketing influences children's food preferences and dietary intake. Children's diets are also heavily influenced by their family environment. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between parent's self-reported exposure to unhealthy food marketing and a range of outcomes related to children's desire for and intake of unhealthy foods and beverages. The study also sought to examine whether these outcomes varied across different countries. The analysed data are from the International Food Policy Study and were collected in 2018 using an online survey. The sample included 5764 parents of children under 18, living in Australia, Canada, Mexico, the United Kingdom, or the United States. Binary logistic regressions assessed the link between the number of parental exposure locations and children's requests for and parental purchases of unhealthy foods. Generalized ordinal regression gauged the relationship between the number of exposure locations and children's consumption of such items. Interaction terms tested if these associations varied by country. Parental exposure to unhealthy food marketing was positively associated with parents reporting child purchase requests and purchase outcomes; and differed by country. Increased parental exposure to unhealthy food marketing was associated with slightly lower odds of children's weekly consumption of unhealthy foods, and this association varied by country. In conclusion, parental report of a greater range of food marketing exposure was associated with a range of outcomes that would increase children's exposure to unhealthy food products or their marketing. Governments should consider developing more comprehensive restrictions on the marketing of unhealthy foods.
MORE ON BLURRY HOD
Authors: FUCHS GUNTER 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
I continue the study of the blurry HOD hierarchy. The technically most involved result is that the theory ZFC + “

$\aleph _\omega $

is a strong limit cardinal and

$\aleph _{\omega +1}$

is the least leap” is equiconsistent with the theory ZFC + “there is a measurable cardinal.”
Patient-perceived dysphagia and voice change post thyroid surgery: a telephone questionnaire
Authors: Mowat Andrew , Sandhar Pardip , Chan Jacqueline , De Mriganka 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study analyses the incidence of subjectively experienced dysphagia and voice change in post-thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy patients without recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy.MethodsA total of 400 patients were invited to participate in a telephone questionnaire based on the Dysphagia Handicap Index and Voice Handicap Index. At 6–24 months following surgery, participants were divided into: post-thyroid surgery (total, hemi-, parathyroidectomy) groups and controls (other ENT procedures). A total of 254 responses were received (127 following thyroid surgery, 127 controls).ResultsTwenty-two per cent of post-thyroidectomy patients had a Voice Handicap Index score of more than 3, compared to 15 per cent of parathyroid patients and 4 per cent of controls. The mean Dysphagia Handicap Index score for patients post thyroidectomy and hemi-thyroidectomy was 2.0. Parathyroidectomy patients had a mean Dysphagia Handicap Index score of 1.3, higher than controls at 1.0.ConclusionDysphagia and voice alteration are common following thyroid surgery, even in the absence of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. Both deficits occur more frequently following thyroid surgery than parathyroid surgery.
Analysis and numerical simulations of travelling waves due to plant–soil negative feedback
Authors: Iuorio Annalisa , Salvatori Nicole , Toraldo Gerardo , Giannino Francesco 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this work, we carry out an analytical and numerical investigation of travelling waves representing arced vegetation patterns on sloped terrains. These patterns are reported to appear also in ecosystems which are not water deprived; therefore, we study the hypothesis that their appearance is due to plant–soil negative feedback, namely due to biomass-(auto)toxicity interactions.To this aim, we introduce a reaction-diffusion-advection model describing the dynamics of vegetation biomass and toxicity which includes the effect of sloped terrains on the spatial distribution of these variables. Our analytical investigation shows the absence of Turing patterns, whereas travelling waves (moving uphill in the slope direction) emerge. Investigating the corresponding dispersion relation, we provide an analytic expression for the asymptotic speed of the wave. Numerical simulations not only just confirm this analytical quantity but also reveal the impact of toxicity on the structure of the emerging travelling pattern.Our analysis represents a further step in understanding the mechanisms behind relevant plants‘ spatial distributions observed in real life. In particular, since vegetation patterns (both stationary and transient) are known to play a crucial role in determining the underlying ecosystems’ resilience, the framework presented here allows us to better understand the emergence of such structures to a larger variety of ecological scenarios and hence improve the relative strategies to ensure the ecosystems’ resilience.
Experiences of fetal care, social support, and emotional functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic in women carrying a fetus with CHD
Authors: Nigam Priya , Gramszlo Colette , Srivastava Shubhika , Sood Erica 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjective:To explore how the COVID-19 pandemic affected fetal care, social support, and emotional functioning for women carrying a fetus with CHD.Method:This was a single-centre qualitative study of 31 women who received a prenatal diagnosis of CHD during the pandemic. Patients completed semi-structured interviews about their experiences with fetal care, social support, and perceptions of risk to themselves and their fetus. Consistent themes regarding the impact of the pandemic were identified using an inductive thematic approach. Demographic data were collected via self-report and chart review.Results:Women generally reported consistent access to fetal care throughout the pandemic, with frequent use of telemedicine in addition to in-person care, but negative impacts resulting from restrictions on family support at appointments. Limited access to social support overall and a loss of pregnancy traditions were described. Many women reported feeling isolated and experiencing worries and fears about COVID-19 but also noted feeling supported by their healthcare team. Partner/family support during appointments and connection to peer-to-peer support were identified as recommendations to mitigate negative impacts.Conclusion:Women carrying a fetus with CHD during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced unique stressors that may affect mental health. However, many also experienced unexpected supports that may mitigate effects of pandemic-related stressors. Results can inform efforts to promote positive family outcomes during and following the COVID-19 pandemic.
A novel PIN diode-based frequency reconfigurable patch antenna with switching between the mid-5G and high-5G frequency band
Authors: Chowdhury Atanu , Ranjan Prashant 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis research article represents the design of a simple, smaller, and novel frequency reconfigurable patch antenna for 5G communication using PIN diodes. This antenna operates in both mid-5G and high-5G bands. The antenna is intended to operate in eight distinct modes with three PIN diodes in 5G wireless communication covering 27.46–50 GHz of high-5G band (range n257/n258/n260/n261/n262) and frequencies of the 3–6 GHz of mid-5G band (range n77/n78/n79/n46). The antenna has an overall size of 20 mm × 25 mm × 1.6 mm and is placed upon a low-cost FR4 substrate. A higher radiation efficiency from 75% to 98% is achieved in all the different modes. The resonant frequencies are around 3.46, 4.43, 5.83, 31.8, 35.5, and 46 GHz in different modes of operation. Different switching statuses have been carried out in this research work and their performances have also been illustrated in the form of surface current distribution in different resonant frequencies. The simulated and measured results are compared to highlight its proposed design operation.
The Rising Tide of Rights: Addressing Climate Loss and Damage through Rights-Based Litigation
Authors: Wewerinke-Singh Margaretha 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article offers a comprehensive analysis of rights-based climate litigation aimed at addressing climate change-induced loss and damage, underlining its potential as a transformative force amid the minimal progress towards a coordinated global response on this topic. It builds on literature highlighting the potential of rights-based climate litigation to fill the gap in accountability for climate change and its consequences, noting that research to date has not systematically analyzed the remedies that plaintiffs have sought or secured. By focusing on remedy claims, this study illuminates the capacity and the limitations of such litigation to unlock redress for loss and damage while highlighting its reciprocal relationship with international negotiations. This synergy implies a promising trajectory towards a more equitable climate governance framework, despite the complexities and challenges inherent in this rapidly evolving field.
Groundwater Vulnerability in a Megacity Under Climate and Economic Changes: A Coupled Sociohydrological Analysis
Authors: Li Bin , Zheng Yi , Di Baldassarre Giuliano , Xu Peng , Pande Saket , Sivapalan Murugesu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGroundwater depletion has become increasingly challenging, and many cities worldwide have adopted drastic policies to relieve water stress due to socioeconomic growth. Located on the declining aquifer of the North China Plain, Beijing, for example, has developed plans to limit the size of the city’s population. However, the effect of population displacement under uncertain macroeconomic and climate change remains ambiguous. We adopt a sociohydrological model, with explicit consideration of the dynamics of human‐water interactions, to explore the groundwater vulnerability of Beijing. We investigate how human response might shape the development trajectories of the groundwater‐population‐economy system under different macroscale economic and climate scenarios. Furthermore, we use a machine learning algorithm to identify the decisive factors to be considered for reducing groundwater vulnerability. Our results show that while rapid external economic development or larger annual average precipitation would enable recovery of the groundwater table in the short term, they may slacken human water shortage awareness and result in more acute groundwater depletion in the long run. Strengthening policymaker perceptions of groundwater depletion would prompt timely response policies for controlling population size. Improving the quantity and quality of labor force input to economic development would avoid downturns in the economy due to labor shortages. The outcomes of this study suggest that these strategies would effectively reduce groundwater vulnerability in the long run without causing severe socioeconomic recession. These findings highlight the importance of endogenizing human behavioral dynamics in sustainable urban water management.
Inferring the Ionospheric State With the Far Ultraviolet Imager on the Fengyun‐4C Geostationary Satellite: Retrieval Algorithm and Verification
Authors: Qin Jianqi , Liu Hang , Yin Xiaohan , Liu Menghang , Wang Jingsong , Mao Tian , Liu Mohan , Zhang Xiaoxin , Zong Weiguo , Lu Feng , Fu Liping 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Multiband Ultraviolet Spectrum Imager (MUSI) is an optical remote sensing instrument scheduled to launch on the Fengyun‐4C meteorological satellite in 2024. MUSI is designed to measure the airglow emissions between ∼120 and 160 nm above the East Asia and Pacific region from a geostationary orbit to infer ionospheric parameters. Here we develop a lookup‐table algorithm for retrieving the peak electron density (nmF2) and the Total Electron Content (TEC) from nighttime observations of the OI 135.6 nm emission. The algorithm takes into account the north‐south asymmetry of the equatorial ionization anomaly and the atmospheric variations with solar activity and local time. Analysis of synthetic observations shows that the assumptions made in the algorithm only lead to ∼2%–4% uncertainties in the retrievals under the modeled ionospheric conditions. The algorithm is verified by retrieving nmF2 and TEC from the Global‐Scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) mission and comparing with coincided radio measurements. The comparison indicates almost negligible systematic differences (typically less than ∼3%) between the GOLD and the ionosonde nmF2, which are within the error limit of the GOLD retrievals. The accuracy of the GOLD TEC retrievals is shown to be comparable to (or in some sense even better than) that of the measurements from the Global Navigation Satellite System. Several simplified yet robust retrieval methods are also developed, which can be readily implemented for both existing and upcoming missions. Our results promote far ultraviolet (FUV) remote sensing to be a key technology for accurate determination of the ionospheric state.
Amplification of Coupled Hot‐Dry Extremes Over Eastern Monsoon China
Authors: Zhang Xinxin , Gu Xihui , Slater Louise J. , Dembélé Moctar , Tosunoğlu Fatih , Guan Yansong , Liu Jianyu , Zhang Xiang , Kong Dongdong , Xie Fenghua , Tang Xiongpeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHigh air temperatures and low atmospheric humidity can result in severe disasters such as flash droughts in regions characterized by high humidity (monsoon regions). However, it remains unclear whether responses of hot extremes to warming temperature are amplified on dry days as well as the response of dry extremes on hot days. Here, taking eastern monsoon China (EMC) as a typical monsoon region, we find a faster increase in air temperature on drier summer days, and a faster decrease in atmospheric humidity on hotter days, indicating “hotter days get drier” and “drier days get hotter” (i.e., coupling hotter and drier extremes), especially in southern EMC. The southern EMC is also a hotspot where the coupling hot‐dry extremes has become significantly stronger during the past six decades. The stronger hot‐dry coupling in southern EMC is associated with anomalies in large‐scale circulations, such as reduced total cloud cover, abnormal anticyclones in the upper atmosphere, intense descending motion, and strong moisture divergence over this region. Land‐atmosphere feedback enhance the hot‐dry coupling in southern EMC by increasing land surface dryness (seen as a decrease in the evaporation fraction). The decreasing evaporation fraction is associated with drying surface soil moisture, controlled by decreases in pre‐summer 1‐m soil moisture and summer‐mean precipitation. Given hot extremes are projected to increase and atmospheric humidity is predicted to decrease in the future, it is very likely that increasing hot‐dry days and associated disasters will be witnessed in monsoon regions, which should be mitigated against by adopting adaptive measures.