bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A nosocomial outbreak of Mycobacterium Abscessus infection in a private hospital of Shanghai, China, 2021
Authors: Liu Yan , Jiang Yuan , Shi Qing-Feng , He Chen-Yu , Shan Ling-Ying , Zheng Yi-Hui , Zhang Yu-Yan , Sha Wei , Wu Zhe-Yuan , Chen Jing , Zhang Yang-Yi , Bao Rong , Gao Xiao-Dong , Zhang Huan-Sheng , Shen Xin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background:
Mycobacterium abscessus is a rapid-growing mycobacterium, and it is often present in the water supply of hospital. Here we describe an outbreak of M. Abscessus infection in a private hospital in Shanghai, the epidemiological investigation and control measures were also conducted.
Methods:
From September 27th to October 1st, 2021, four consecutive AFB-positive patients from same ward in a private hospital who were first suspected of MTB infection were reported to Putuo district Center for Disease Control. Bronchial lavage fluids were sampled from all inpatients for both Mycobacterium culture and metagenome sequencing analysis (mNGS). Epidemiological investigation and environmental examination were conducted during this outbreak.
Findings:
Three of the four index patients had positive culture result for M. abscessus, while mNGS showed positive sequencing results in all 4 patients. However, 32 environmental samples from different sources were negative for M. abscessus. A series of infection control measures were strictly performed, and no further cases were reported in one year follow up.
Conclusions:
This nosocomial outbreak was caused by M. abscessus but the accurate source remains uncertain. The unique pathogen was captured by mNGS, and this sequencing technique can play an important role in identifying nosocomial outbreak.
Establishment and application of multiplex PCR scheme for simultaneously distinguishing muscle tissues of mink, fox and raccoon dog from conventional livestock and poultry
Authors: Pan Yao , Wang Xuemin , Ma Wenjie , Li Hongmei , Sun Yuxin , Qiu Jianhua , Guo Huijun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
It is possible and risky for fur animal carcasses to be mixed into meat products, which is a potential danger for meat quality safety and human health. Therefore, meat validation of quality and constituents is crucial. A variety of methods have been developed to identify muscle tissues of different species. However, these methods have the disadvantages of poor repeatability, complex operation and low efficiency, and can not simultaneously detect multiple species of muscle tissue. The purpose of this study was to construct a multiplex PCR protocol to detect the samples of mink, fox and raccoon dog. In this study, the specific primers of mink, fox and raccoon dog were designed according to the variable region sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cytb) gene. The primers showed good specificity and 50 ℃ was determined as the optimal annealing temperature. The lowest concentration of DNA template of mink, fox or raccoon dog that could be determined simultaneously by a single tube was 1 pg/µL. Clinical tissue samples detect analysis test results showed that this method could identify whether the tissue samples of three fur animals were mixed from the muscles of chickens, ducks, dogs, cattle, sheep, pigs and rabbits in one PCR reaction simultaneously. In conclusion, the scheme exhibited the advantages of convenient operation, low cost, strong species specificity, high sensitivity, good stability and repeatability. The systematic optimized inspection process can be applied to meat detection to ensure veterinary public health safety, which has important scientific significance, production, public health and safety significance.
A Scoping Review on the Nature and Impact of Gender Based Violence on Women Primary Producers.
Authors: O'Mullan Cathy , Sinai Saba , Kaphle Sabitra 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are primary producers of subsistence food and significant contributors to the agricultural economy. Gender Based Violence (GBV) adversely impacts their capacity to contribute and sustain their families and undermines social, economic, and human capital. Addressing GBV, therefore, is critical to creating safe and inclusive environments for women as primary producers to participate fully in rural communities. The aim of this scoping review is to explore the existing evidence on GBV in the context of women primary producers in LMICs to inform research gaps and priorities.
Methods
A scoping review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Ebscohost and Google Scholar using keywords related to GBV and women producers in LMICs. Peer-reviewed journal articles published between January 2012 and June 2022 were included in the review. Duplicates were removed, titles and abstracts were screened, and characteristics and main results of included studies were recorded in a data charting form. A total of 579 records were identified, of which 49 studies were eligible for inclusion in this study.
Results
Five major themes were identified from our analysis: (1) extent and nature of GBV, (2) the impact of GBV on agricultural/primary production livelihood activities, (3) sociocultural beliefs, practices, and attitudes, (4) aggravating or protective factors, and (5) GBV interventions. Addressing GBV in agriculture requires inclusive research approaches and targeted interventions to empower women producers, promote gender equality, enhance agricultural productivity, and contribute to broader societal development. Despite attempts by researchers to delve into this issue, the pervasive under-reporting of GBV remains a challenge. The true extent and nature of GBV perpetrated against women is far from fully understood in this context.
Conclusion
Despite the significant challenges posed by GBV to the health, economy and livelihoods of women primary producers in LMICs, there is a paucity in the current state of knowledge. To make meaningful progress, more research is required to understand the relationship between GBV and agricultural settings, and to gain nuanced insight into the nature and impact of GBV on women primary producers in different regions and contexts.
Application of an inline synthetic high b-value reduced filed-of-view diffusion weighted imaging on differentiation prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Zhou Qiqi , Tang Qian , Sang Ling , Liu Chao , Xu Lin , Liu Weiyin , Chen Wen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background:
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of reduced full-of-view synthetic high-b-value diffusion weighted images (rFOV-syDWIs) in the clinical application of prostate cancer based on image quality and diagnostic efficacy.
Methods:
We retrospectively evaluated the data of 52 patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who visited our hospital from July to December 2021. All patients underwent rFOV-DWI scans, including a 13b-protocol: b =0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 400, 600, 1000, 1000, 1200 and 1500 s/mm2 and a 5b-protocol: b =0, 100, 400, 800,1500 s/mm2. rFOV-syDWIs with b values of 1000 (rFOV-syDWIb=1000) and 1500 (rFOV-syDWIb=1500) were generated from two different multiple-b-value image data sets using a mono-exponential fitting algorithm. According to homoscedasticity and normality assessed by Levene test and Shapiro–Wilk test, the inter-modality differences of quantitative measurements were respectively examined by Wilcoxon signed rank test or paired t test and the inter-group differences of ADC values were examined by independent t test or Mann-Whitney U test. In addition, comparisons of the performance efficacy of ADCs in differentiation of patients with PCa from BPH were examined using ROC curves.
Results:
Higher inter-reader agreement, CRs was found higher in 13b-protocol and 5b-protocol rFOV-syDWIb=1000/1500 compared to 13b-protocol rFOV-sDWIb=1000/1500 (P<0.05). AUCs of mean and median obtained from 5b-protocol syADCb=1000/1500 were equal or higher than those from13b-protocol syADCb=1000/1500.
Conclusions:
rFOV-syDWIs provided better lesion clarity and higher image quality than rFOV-sDWIs. 5b-protocol rFOV-syDWIs shortened scan time and synthetic ADCs offered reliable diagnosis value as scanned 13b-protocol DWIs.
WITHDRAWN: Development and Validation of an HPLC Method for the Determination of Dasatinib from Self-micro Emulsifying Drug Delivery System
Authors: Kokare Nitin , Shah Rohit 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The development of a novel reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the detection of dasatinib, an anticancer drug, in bulk and a self-micro emulsifying drug delivery system has been according to the guidelines provided by the International Council for Harmonization Q2 (R1). However, researchers developed a method to quantify API dasatinib and dasatinib from many formulations like tablets, and small-volume parenterals but in this proposed work dasatinib is quantified from the self-micro emulsifying drug delivery system by novel method. This method is characterized by its simplicity, precision, and cost-effectiveness. The maximum wavelength (λ max) of Dasatinib was determined to be 324 nm. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of Methanol and 0.1% Tri-Fluro acetic acid in a volumetric ratio of 55:45. The flow rate was set at 1.0 mL/min. The method was developed using a C18 column, namely the Agilent Zorbax SB-Aq with dimensions of 250 x 4.6 mm and a particle size of 5µ. The RP-HPLC method exhibited linearity, as evidenced by a high correlation coefficient of 0.9993. The accuracy evaluations of the reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method were conducted at three distinct levels, namely 80%, 100%, and 120%. The recovery of Dasatinib within these levels ranged from 98% to 101%, with a relative standard deviation (% RSD) of 0.73%. The method employed in this study demonstrated stability and robustness under various testing parameters. The Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantification (LOQ) were determined to be 0.17 ug/ml and 0.50 ug/ml, respectively, for the RP-HPLC method. Forced degradation is employed to assess the stability-indicating properties of an assay through the use of specificity. The results of the validation parameters were found to be within the range recommended by the International Council for Harmonization (ICH). The methodology employed in this study demonstrated a high level of accuracy, precision, and cost-effectiveness, making it a viable approach for future research endeavors. This technique is employed for the quantification of bulk medicines and the determination of dose forms containing self-micro emulsifying drug delivery systems.
How many digits are needed?
Authors: Herbst Ira , Møller Jesper , Svane Anne Marie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Let $X_1,X_2,...$ be the digits in the base-$q$ expansion of a random variable $X$ defined on $[0,1)$ where $q\ge2$ is an integer. For $n=1,2,...$, we study the probability distribution $P_n$ of the (scaled) remainder $T^n(X)=\sum_{k=n+1}^\infty X_k q^{n-k}$: If $X$ has an absolutely continuous CDF then $P_n$ converges in the total variation metric to Lebesgue measure $\mu$ on the unit interval. Under weak smoothness conditions we establish first a coupling between $X$ and a non-negative integer valued random variable $N$ so that $T^N(X)$ follows $\mu$ and is independent of $(X_1,...,X_N)$, and second exponentially fast convergence of $P_n$ and its PDF $f_n$. We discuss how many digits are needed and show examples of our results.
MSC Classification: 60F25 , 62E17 , 37A50
Unraveling the immunophenotypic landscape in acute myeloid leukemia: genotype-phenotype associations and predictive modeling of outcome
Authors: Bonte Sarah , Couckuyt Artuur , Gassen Sofie Van , Janda Vince , Buysse Malicorne , Moors Ine , Philippé Jan , Hofmans Mattias , Kerre Tessa , Saeys Yvan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) comprises 32% of adult leukemia cases with a five-year survival rate of only 20–30%. Here, the immunophenotypic landscape of this heterogeneous malignancy is explored in a single-center cohort using a novel quantitative computational pipeline. For 122 patients who underwent induction treatment with intensive chemotherapy, leukemic cells were identified at diagnosis, computationally preprocessed and quantitatively subtyped. Computational analysis provided a broad characterization of inter- and intra-patient heterogeneity, unachievable with manual bivariate gating. Statistical testing discovered associations between CD34, CD117 and HLA-DR expression patterns and genetic abnormalities. We found presence of CD34 + cell populations at diagnosis to be associated with a shorter time-to-relapse. Moreover, CD34- CD117 + cell populations were associated with a longer time to AML-related mortality. Machine learning (ML) models were developed to predict two-year survival, European LeukemiaNet (ELN) risk category and inv(16) orNPM1mut, based on computationally quantified leukemic cell populations and limited clinical data, both readily available at diagnosis. We used explainable artificial intelligence (AI) to identify the key clinical characteristics and leukemic cell populations important for our ML models when making these predictions. Our findings highlight the importance of developing objective computational pipelines integrating immunophenotypic and genetic information in the risk stratification of AML.
Preclinical assessment of nirmatrelvir penetration into cerebrospinal fluid and central nervous system cells and tissues
Authors: Avedissian Sean , Malik Johid , Podany Anthony , Neely Michael , Rhodes Nathaniel , Scarsi Kimberly , Scheetz Marc , Duryee Michael , Modebelu Ukamaka , Mykris Timothy , Winchester Lee , Byrareddy Siddappa , Fletcher Courtney 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Three years after SARS-CoV-2 emerged as a global infectious threat, the virus has become endemic. The neurological complications such as depression, anxiety, and other CNS complications after COVID-19 disease are increasing. The brain, and CSF have been shown as viral reservoirs for SARS-CoV-2, yielding a potential hypothesis for CNS effects. Thus, we investigated the CNS pharmacology of orally dosed nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NMR/RTV). Using both an in vitro and an in vivo rodent model, we investigated CNS penetration and potential pharmacodynamic activity of NMR. Through pharmacokinetic modeling, we estimated the median CSF penetration of NMR to be low at 18.11% of plasma with very low accumulation in rodent brain tissue. Based on the multiples of the 90% maximal effective concentration for SARS-CoV-2, concentrations in the CSF and brain may be inadequate to achieve exposure similar to that of plasma, which may have implications for viral persistence and neurologic post-acute sequelae of COVID-19.
Multi-Modal Potential Based Non-linear PDE Model for Grayscale Image Inpainting
Authors: Kumar B.V. Rathish , Vijayakrishna Rowthu , Halim Abdul 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a multi-well potential based modified Cahn-Hilliardmodel for gray-scale image inpainting. An image specific multi-well potentialfunction is constructed from the histogram information of the given image. Existence,uniqueness and the continuous dependency of the solution on the initialdata, of the newly proposed modified Cahn-Hilliard equation has been establishedusing Faedo-Galerkin approach. Also the complete discretization error forthe numerical scheme based on convexity splitting in time and Fourier spectralmethod in space has been derived. Numerical simulations have been carried outon some standard gray-scale test images and the metrics PSNR, SNR, SSIMcorresponding to the obtained results are compared with those in the literature.
Concentration detection algorithm of embedded gas detection system based on deep learning
Authors: Sun Shuyong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

In daily life, whether it is the house where people live or the car they drive, air pollution can be seen almost everywhere, and human life and health are seriously threatened. There is an urgent need for a detection system for fast and accurate detection and assessment of ambient air quality. On the other hand, in the medical field, the detection of human exhaled gas can realize non-invasive and rapid early disease screening, but to achieve this purpose, a fast, accurate, highly sensitive and selective gas detection system is also required. At present, the research and development of gas detection system has attracted more and more attention of scholars, and the gas detection technology using porphyrin sensor array (PSA) chip is a hot topic in this research direction in recent years. Compared with traditional methods, this method has many obvious advantages and can meet the needs of fast, accurate and sensitive detection. In this paper, a PSA chip is used as a gas sensor, a set of PSA image acquisition and processing software is designed and developed on the Linux platform, and successfully transplanted to the ARM platform to build a complete gas detection system. Next, the data was collected and processed with ammonia gas as the detection object, and the quantitative analysis model of gas concentration was studied.
Efficacy of Intramedullary Bridge Fixation for Midshaft Clavicle Fractures: A Retrospective Analysis of a Novel Technique
Authors: Ma Tianyong , Su Huan , Lu Yihong , Chen Junping , Tan Weiyuan , Lei Fang , Wang Dewei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to explore the efficacy of a novel intramedullary fixation technique using the ortho-bridge system (OBS) in midshaft clavicle fractures.
Methods: A total of 63 patients were included in this study, of which 35 were treated with plate internal fixation (LP group) and 28 with OBS intramedullary fixation (OBS group). Surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, incision length, fracture healing time, removal of internal fixation, visual analog scale (VAS) for shoulder pain, Constant Shoulder Score and complication occurrence were compared between the two groups.
Results: In preoperative general data, such as sex, age and fracture types were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, the OBSgroup showed better outcomes than the LP group in terms of surgical time, intraoperative blood loss and total incision length (P< 0.05). Additionally, the OBS group exhibited significantly shorter fracture healing time and internal fixation removal time than the LPgroup (P < 0.05). VAS scores at postoperative day 1, week 1, month 1 and month 3 were lower in the OBS group than in the LPgroup (P < 0.05).Furthermore, the OBS group had higher Constant Shoulder Scores at 1, 3, and 6 months than the LPgroup (P < 0.05), with no significant difference at 1 year postoperatively (P > 0.05). There was no scarring in the surgical incision in the OBS group, while 6 cases of scarring in the surgical incision occurred in the LP group. Lastly, complication incidence in the OBS group was lower than that in the LPgroup.
Conclusion: The study revealed that compared to locking plate internal fixation for midshaft clavicle fractures, OBS intramedullary fixation presents the advantages of less trauma, faster recovery, better efficacy and better aesthetic outcomes and comfort. Therefore, this technique may have potential clinical application as a novel treatment for midshaft clavicle fractures.
Pan-cancer Analysis of a Cytoskeleton Mobility related ARHGAP44 gene with Potential Implications in Cancer Prognosis Risk Prediction and Immune Landscape Modulation
Authors: Shen Ningning , Yang Huijun , Wang Xuzhi , Du Juan , Yang Zhiqing , Miao Lei , Liu Siying , Gao Lifang , Ma Wenxia , Wang Chen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background Rho GTPases has been a well known family of small G proteins that regulate cellular cytoskeleton dynamics and involve in multiple critical steps of cancer progression. However, ARHGAP44 gene which is a member of GAP proteins that regulates the Rho GTPases cycling between their active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound state, its role in cancer development is still lack of understanding. The study is to analyze the function of ARHGAP44 gene in broad spectrum human cancers, thus aiding better understanding of the collaborative network of cytoskeleton related genes in cancers. Methods In the study, we started with the analysis of the genetic characteristics of ARHGAP44 gene, followed by its expression patterns, frequent alterations as well as survival prediction value in broad spectrum human cancers. Further, the probable reasons for the aberrant changed expression of ARHGAP44 in cancers comparing to corresponding normal control samples were investigated. Moreover, the correlation of ARHGAP44 with multiple critical clinical cancer parameters were in succession performed. Results Firstly, basic genetic physicochemical properties of ARHGAP44 were investigated including its aminoacid composition, estimated molecular weight and protein half life. Then, genetic alteration analysis revealed that ARHGAP44 expression various in human cancers, which was partly due to the modulation by DNA methylation and phosphorylation. Further, ARHGAP44 gene was indicated to be associated with multiple critical cancer traits including cancer stemness, cytoskeleton dynamics as well as immune infiltration in different human cancer types. Moreover, ARHGAP44 gene was also supported to be associated with the sensitivity of several chemotherapy related drugs. Conclusions Based on multiple bioinformatic analysis and TCGA pan-cancer data as well as certain local hospital samples, we revealed some valuable strategies to guide the therapeutic orientation concerning the role of ARHGAP44 gene in human cancers, although more detailed experiments and clinical trials are obligatory to support further clinical medical application of the gene, especially in each type of independent cancer.
Crystal growth, Structural, Optical, Thermal, DFT and Z-scan analyses of Imidazolium Hydrogen Oxalate Crystal for Nonlinear Optical applications
Authors: Chinnakannu Elavarasi , Sankar Mugundan , Chandran Senthilkumar , Thamotharan Keerthivasan , Manickam Srinivasan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Imidazolium Hydrogen Oxalate (IHO) single crystals were grown by the slow evaporation method. The title crystal crystallized in a monoclinic crystal structure with a centrosymmetric space group of P21/n. The 13C and 1H NMR spectra were obtained to understand the molecular structure of the IHO crystal. The 1H NMR contains a peak at 4.90 ppm, which is due to the presence of proton in oxalic acid. The O-H stretching vibration is noted at 3162 cm− 1 in FT-IR and in FT-Raman at 3172 cm− 1. The optical transparency and band gap were evaluated from the UV-Vis-NIR spectrum. The PL spectrum has a high violet emission band at 361nm. TG/DTG study was used to find the thermal stability of the IHO crystal. Hirshfeld surface (HS) analysis revealed the molecular intermolecular interactions in the IHO molecule. The molecular chemical stability of the IHO molecule is determined from the HOMO-LUMO energy gap. The DOS spectrum gives information about the bonding, antibonding, and zero bonding nature present in orbitals, atoms, and molecules. The dipole moment (µ) and total polarizability (α) of the IHO molecule are 13.0268 Debye and 8.2652 x 10− 24 esu, respectively. According to the Mulliken charge distribution, the C11 atom has the highest value, while the O16 atom has the lowest value. The IHO molecule's natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis was performed to ascertain the electron delocalization and conjugative interactions. The third-order nonlinear susceptibility (χ(3)) of the IHO crystal is determined to be 1.1916 x 10− 8 esu.