bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemokine Expression in Well‐Differentiated Liposarcoma May Be Involved in the Tumorigenesis of Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma: A Case Study
Authors: Washimi Kota , Kasajima Rika , Sato Shinya , Nezu Yutaka , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Sakai Rika , Nakamura Naoya , Takagi Masayuki , Hasegawa Chie , Yoshioka Emi , Okubo Yoichiro , Katayama Kotoe , Imoto Seiya , Yokose Tomoyuki , Miyagi Yohei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundLiposarcoma and lymphoma are very rare tumors, and their combination is extremely rare. Moreover, there have been no reports of liposarcoma and lymphoma occurring in the same region.CaseA 58‐year‐old man presented to Kanagawa Cancer Center with a mass in his left thigh and underwent a needle biopsy. Histological analysis showed an increase in the number of small lymphocytes and plasma cells; immunohistochemical analysis showed an increase in CD20‐positive cells with Lambda light‐chain restriction; therefore, the diagnosis of B‐cell malignancy with plasma cell differentiation was made. A bone marrow biopsy specimen showed infiltration of atypical cells of the same phenotype and increased serum IgM‐M levels; therefore, a diagnosis of Waldenström macroglobulinemia/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) was made. The needle biopsy specimen showed scattered CDK4‐positive cells in the background of the lymphoma cells and sporadic MDM2 signal amplification on fluorescence in situ hybridization, suggesting mixed well‐differentiated liposarcoma (WDL). Tumor resection was performed. The tumor contained a mixture of WDL and LPL areas. RNA sequencing revealed upregulated expression of chemokine genes, including CCL5, CCL18, and CCL19, in WDL and that of the corresponding chemokine receptor genes CCR4, CCR6, and CCR7 in the lymphoma cells.ConclusionChemokine–chemokine receptor axes may be involved in the pathogenesis of LPL cell‐infiltrating WDL. This is an extremely rare case, and we have reported some considerations regarding the tumorigenesis of LPL cell‐infiltrating WDL.
A Unique Case of Poorly Differentiated Neuroendocrine Carcinoma With Brain and Bilateral Adrenal Metastases
Authors: El Hajj Mouawad Carla J. , Kamar Francois Georges 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSmall‐cell carcinoma is a highly malignant neuroendocrine neoplasm arising from cells of the endocrine and nervous systems, and usually of bronchogenic origin. When found in the retroperitoneum, these malignant cells are extremely rare and are mainly metastatic tumors. Adrenal glands are unusual sites of distant metastases, the common primary being bronchopulmonary and gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). We report a case of poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) that was initially discovered in both adrenal glands.CaseOur patient was a 68‐year‐old woman who presented with articular pain and severe chronic hemolytic anemia. Her workup comprised a contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis, revealing a left adrenal mass lesion measuring 14 × 9 cm, and a concomitantly smaller right adrenal mass lesion arising from the gland and measuring 4 × 2 cm. In view of the size of the left adrenal mass we elected to offer her a complete resection. The patient therefore underwent a laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Histopathological examination of the specimen revealed a high‐grade, poorly differentiated NEC of the adrenal gland, small‐cell type, with tumor necrosis. A baseline evaluation comprised an FDG‐PET CT scan revealing the contralateral adrenal tumor, which was also partially resected to leave the patient with some functional adrenal tissue and not render her Addisonian. Although we found no pulmonary primary, a bleb was seen on chest CT that we hypothesized was possibly a burn‐out primary in the setting of an immunogenic tumor.ConclusionSurgery played a vital role in our case followed by combination of chemoimmunotherapy as per present recommendation of a small‐cell tumor especially since the patient presented with atypical clinical manifestations.
Exploring the Adsorption and Reactions of Methyl Radicals on M(111) Surfaces (M=Cu, Ag, Au): A DFT Study
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Meyerstein Dan , Mizrahi Amir , Kornweitz Haya 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIt was reported that adsorbed methyl radicals produce ethane with Ag0‐ and Au0‐nanoparticles in aqueous media, whereas on Cu0‐powders, the product is methanol. The source of these differences was explored computationally, using the DFT method. The results indicate that up to six radicals can be adsorbed on Ag(111) and Au(111), (top site), while only four can be adsorbed on Cu(111) (fcc site), each surface containing eight atoms. The diffusion of the radicals on the surface is very easy on silver and copper, as this is achieved with a very low barrier (0.06 eV and 0.15 eV for Ag(111) and Cu(111), respectively), while on Au(111), the barrier is higher, 0.51 eV. The formation of ethane via a reaction of two adsorbed radicals is thermodynamically plausible for all studied coverage ratios on the three surfaces, but kinetically, it is plausible at room temperature only on Au(111) and Ag(111) at full coverage. Ethane can also be produced on Au(111) and Ag(111) by a collision of a solvated radical and an adsorbed radical. This is a barrierless process. On Cu(111), the yield of such a process is CH4(aq), and an adsorbed CH2 which reacts further with a non‐adsorbed water molecule to produce adsorbed CH3OH.
Direct Electrochemical Conversion of CO2 from Industrial Flue Gases
Authors: Wen Xiaojuan , Gao Dunfeng , Wang Guoxiong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractElectrochemical CO2 conversion to high‐value chemicals and fuels has been extensively investigated as a promising carbon‐neutrality technology. To date, most studies are generally performed with pure or highly concentrated CO2 feeds, however, the composition of industrial flue gases is very complex, with a low CO2 concentration and impurities like O2, CO, NOx, and SOx. Direct utilization of industrial flue gases can bypass the capture and purification steps, yet it suffers from multiple challenges. In this Concept article, we discuss scientific challenges and innovation strategies towards direct electrochemical conversion of CO2 from industrial flue gases. Selected examples on rationally designing catalytic materials and electrode structures for promoting electrochemical reduction of CO2 in the presence of N2 and impurity gases are highlighted. We end up the article with perspectives on the research opportunities and future directions in this emerging yet practical field.
Breeding fat‐tailed dunnarts (Sminthopsis crassicaudata) in captivity: Revised practices to minimize stress whilst maintaining considerations of wild biology
Authors: Scicluna Emily L. , Newton Axel H. , Hutchison Jennifer C. , Dimovski Alicia M. , Fanson Kerry V. , D'Souza Gail , Whitehead Shiralee , Pask Andrew J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe fat‐tailed dunnart is a small dasyurid marsupial which is emerging as a robust laboratory model for conservation, developmental, and reproductive biology research. While these marsupials present extremely valuable models, housing non‐domesticated animals in captivity can present a wide range of potential stressors for the animals, which need to be managed to ensure colony health. Notably, dunnarts rely on scent marking for social communication, which is important to maintain to reduce stress in artificial environments.ResultsIn this study, we examine captive management techniques and provide updated recommendations which consider both scientific and conservation outcomes. Through ongoing management, we observe that recapitulating aspects of a natural environment has a significant impact on stress reduction and improving the overall reproductive fitness of captive‐bred colonies. Moreover, our study provides evidence for preferred cage base substrate types, and quantification of stress caused by the cadence of enclosure cleaning using fecal glucocorticoid metabolite levels as an indicator of stress.ConclusionThe study underscores the significance of population management in captive breeding programs, advocating for maintaining genetic diversity and meticulous record‐keeping. We have further refined best practice for managing captively bred dunnart colonies, outlining guidelines for enclosure requirements, handling, cleaning, feeding, and lighting during breeding. Overall, the research aims to improve the health and productivity of captive fat‐tailed dunnarts, ensuring their continued contribution as a valuable laboratory‐based marsupial model and aiding in the conservation of related endangered species, while meeting a balance between maintenance of strict hygiene and alignment with wild‐life history.
Safe Periods and Safe Activities: Two Phenological Responses to Mortality
Authors: Constant Théo , Dobson F. Stephen , Giroud Sylvain , Habold Caroline 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPhenology is often thought to evolve mainly in response to food availability, yet recent studies have focused on predation. Predation may explain apparent mismatches between phenology and resources. One type of phenological response to predation involves shifting phenology from a period of high to low predation (i.e., a safe‐period strategy). This strategy presupposes variation in predation over time due to environmental factors such as the number or diversity of predators. Predation varies not only over time but also among different activities like reproduction and dormancy. Alternative activities involve alternative behavioral or physiological states, and different locations where they take place influencing predation risk. Phenological responses to predation may involve shifting from a high risk activity to a safer one, resulting in increased survival (i.e., a «safe‐activity» strategy). This strategy may theoretically evolve under environmental conditions associated with constant predation over time, but assumes variation in predation among activities. Safe‐period and safe‐activity strategies are not mutually exclusive, but assume different conditions for their evolution. On the basis of a literature review, our goal was to: (1) propose a classification of phenological responses to predation according to their evolutionary context, including mean population responses and interindividual differences (degree of synchrony); (2) to show how these two strategies may explain the lack of support for the idea that phenology responds primarily to food availability; and (3) to propose several approaches for testing the influence of predation on phenology. Our review highlights the relevance of studying phenology on multiple scales, thereby integrating several interspecific interactions (communities scales) and multiple activities (annual scale), and studying synchronicity and the pace‐of‐life (inter‐individual scale).
Shelter Distribution and Type Affect Space Use of a Desert Reptile
Authors: Averill‐Murray Roy C. , Riedle J. Daren 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAnimal home ranges derive from the distribution of resources across the landscape. For example, home ranges of most tortoise species in the United States revolve around networks of burrows. However, human disturbances that damage shelters can decrease habitat suitability, individual survival, and population persistence. We investigated effects of burrow distribution and availability on space use of the Sonoran Desert Tortoise Gopherus morafkai at two populations with different habitat structures to determine the extent to which habitat capacity is defined by factors subject to management, such as vegetation, relative to more permanent features such as rock shelters. We also demonstrated the superiority of autocorrelated kernel density estimation, illustrating flawed conclusions that could arise from the use of traditional home‐range estimators. Home‐range size increased with the number of available burrows at both sites. At the Florence Military Reservation (FMR), with numerous caliche caves and few rock burrows, larger home ranges effectively compensated for one third the burrow density as that of Sugarloaf Mountain, which predominantly featured rock burrows. Female tortoises had smaller home ranges than males despite having similar burrow densities. Females revisited individual burrows more often than males at Sugarloaf, which may relate to female use of preferred nesting sites; however, lower availability led males to revisit burrows at similar rates as females at FMR. Pairs of tortoises at FMR shared 72% more burrows than pairs at Sugarloaf, and pairs of females shared 33% fewer burrows than female–male pairs across both sites. Space and burrow use at FMR and Sugarloaf are consistent with predictions of how animals choose patches for their home ranges in ways that are optimal with respect to spatially distributed resources. Populations largely reliant on pallets or soil burrows may be more subject to declines due to anthropogenic impacts from grazing or off‐highway vehicle use or due to increasing temperatures.
Rising Temperatures Advance Start and End of the Breeding Season of an Alpine Bird
Authors: Niffenegger Carole A. , Hille Sabine M. , Schano Christian , Korner‐Nievergelt Fränzi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMany bird species have advanced the start of the breeding season as a response to climate change. The duration of the breeding season and how it is affected by climate change are far less studied but are important for the re‐nesting potential. Re‐nesting includes both the replacement of a failed breeding attempt or breeding successfully multiple times within one season and can therefore impact fitness. Some species profit from an earlier start of breeding through a higher re‐nesting potential, whereas other species also advance the end of breeding season as conditions for breeding deteriorate. Here, we explored how temperature, precipitation, and snow conditions influence the start, end, and duration of the breeding season of a cold‐adapted high‐elevation songbird. We fitted generalized additive models with more than 12,000 citizen science observations of white‐winged snowfinches (Montifringilla nivalis) to estimate breeding phenology between 2006 and 2021. Our results indicate that higher prebreeding temperatures and reduced April precipitation were associated with an earlier start of breeding. However, later during the breeding season higher temperatures shortened the breeding season through an earlier end of the breeding season. Despite adjusting the timing of reproduction to prevailing environmental conditions, average temperatures during the breeding season increased over the 16‐year study period. Therefore, snowfinches need to move to higher elevations in order to track the thermal conditions. This study highlights the complex relationship between phenology and environmental conditions and illustrates how much the breeding conditions are currently changing for high‐elevation species.
Eyes on Newborns: How NICU Staff's Attention and Emotions Shape Neonatal Pain Assessment
Authors: Deindl Philipp , Luister Alexandra , Vettorazzi Eik , Pointner Nadine , Singer Dominique , Berger Angelika , Wagner Michael , Giordano Vito 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAssessing pain in neonates is crucial for their management but is inherently subjective. This study investigated the effects of visual attention, gaze patterns, and empathic responses of neonatal healthcare professionals on their assessments of neonatal pain.MethodsConducted at the Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf, we employed eye‐tracking to monitor staff's responses to videos depicting neonates experiencing non‐noxious thermal, brief noxious, and prolonged noxious stimuli. Videos were presented in two formats: full body view, providing contextual information, and face‐only view, lacking contextual details. Pain assessments were measured using a Faces Pain Rating Scale (FPRS), exploring the impacts of contextual cues, professional experience, and job roles.ResultsThe study found brief and prolonged noxious stimuli eliciting significantly higher FPRS scores compared to non‐painful stimuli, with the full body view resulting in higher pain ratings than the face‐only view. The mouth region attracted focused attention. Nurses generally reported higher pain scores and exhibited larger pupil diameters compared to physicians, suggesting a stronger empathic response.ConclusionThis research highlights the essential role of visual cues and empathic responses in neonatal pain assessment, demonstrating how professional roles and stimulus presentation format impact evaluations, and underlining the need for standardised protocols to improve neonatal pain management accuracy.SignificanceThe study emphasises the importance of visual cues and empathy in neonatal pain assessment, highlighting the roles of healthcare professionals and stimulus presentation formats. It addresses challenges in understanding neonatal pain, advocating for standardised protocols. Using eye‐tracking technology, the research explores how professionals' visual attention and empathy affect pain evaluations, suggesting more objective assessment methods.
Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism Effects on Eating Quality in Grains of Diverse Japonica Rice Cultivars From the Middle and Lower Yangtze River
Authors: Ma Zhongtao , Chen Xi , Cao Jiale , Yu Jianghui , Zhu Ying , Liu Guodong , Xu Fangfu , Hu Qun , Zhang Hongcheng , Li Guangyan , Wei Haiyan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe relationship between carbon and nitrogen metabolism and rice eating quality was examined in this study, which focused on four types of japonica rice from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. These japonica rice varieties were categorized by amylose content and protein content as follows: high amylose content with high protein content, high amylose content with low protein content, low amylose content with high protein content, and low amylose content with low protein content. The study systematically analyzed the carbon and nitrogen metabolism in the grain after flowering and assessed its impact on rice eating quality. Results showed that in japonica rice with similar protein content, low amylose content japonica rice had 5.15%–16.41% lower levels of granule‐bound starch synthase (GBSS) compared to high amylose content japonica rice. Additionally, low amylose content japonica rice displayed 3.84%–23.80% higher levels of soluble starch synthase (SSS), 9.06%–31.05% higher levels of starch branching enzyme (SBE), and 20.27%–53.80% higher levels of starch debranching enzyme (DBE). The synthesis rate of amylose was lower in low amylose‐content japonica rice, while the synthesis rate and content of albumin were higher. In japonica rice with similar amylose content, low protein content japonica rice had 3.41%–12.09% lower levels of nitrogen and 6.94%–20.15% lower levels of glutamate synthetase (GOGAT) compared to high protein content japonica rice. This resulted in a reduced protein synthesis rate and lower contents of glutelin, globulin, and prolamin. Moreover, low‐protein content in japonica rice demonstrated higher levels of SBE and DBE, leading to a decrease in long‐chain amylopectin. Correlation analysis revealed significant interactions between carbon and nitrogen metabolisms, which were closely linked to rice‐eating quality. Carbon metabolism was the predominant factor, followed by nitrogen metabolism, in shaping the eating quality of rice. Carbon metabolism influenced rice‐eating quality by modifying starch synthesis and interacting with nitrogen metabolic pathways, especially those involved in protein synthesis. Low GBSS and elevated SSS, SBE, and DBE levels in grains post‐flowering could reduce amylose synthesis while promoting albumin synthesis, leading to improve the eating quality of japonica rice. Nitrogen metabolism further modifies the taste of cooked rice by adjusting protein synthesis and interacting with carbon metabolism, particularly in starch formation. Reduced nitrogen levels and GOGAT post‐flowering could decrease protein synthesis, notably of glutelin and prolamin, and long‐chain amylopectin in starch, thereby enhancing the eating quality of japonica rice.
Efficacy and Prognostic Indicators of Isatuximab, Pomalidomide, and Dexamethasone (IsaPd) in Daratumumab‐Refractory Multiple Myeloma Patients: A Multicenter Real‐World Study
Authors: Martino Enrica Antonia , Derudas Daniele , Rossi Elena , Stefanoni Paola , Mangiacavalli Silvia , Zamagni Elena , Offidani Massimo , Furlan Anna , Quinto Angela Maria , Della Pepa Roberta , Bertuglia Giuseppe , Barbieri Emiliano , Conticello Concetta , De Magistris Claudio , Bongarzoni Velia , Cafro Anna Maria , Mele Anna , Botta Cirino , Sgherza Nicola , Mele Giuseppe , Annibali Ombretta , Rago Angela , Fontana Raffaele , Vigna Ernesto , Bruzzese Antonella , Mancuso Katia , Amendola Angela , Citro Annalisa , Cotzia Emilia , Morè Sonia , Rivolti Elena , Pettine Loredana , Galli Monica , De Stefano Valerio , Petrucci Maria Teresa , Corso Alessandro , Neri Antonino , Di Raimondo Francesco , Bolli Niccolò , Musto Pellegrino , Morabito Fortunato , Gentile Massimo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis multicenter real‐world analysis evaluated the efficacy of isatuximab, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone (IsaPd) in 51 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who were refractory to daratumumab (Dara‐R). The majority were under 70 years old (60.8%), predominantly female (56.9%), and heavily pretreated, with 74.5% being triple‐class refractory (TCR); 32.1% of the 28 patients with cytogenetic data had high‐risk abnormalities. The overall response rate (ORR) was 56.9%, including 3 patients with stringent complete response (sCR), 4 with CR, and 7 with very good partial response (VGPR). Neither age, number of prior therapies, TCR status, nor time from Dara refractoriness to IsaPd initiation significantly affected response rates.Median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 5.8 months, with a 12‐month PFS probability of 30.6%. Baseline hemoglobin (Hb) levels were a key predictor of PFS: patients with Hb < 11.8 g/L had a 3.5‐fold increased risk of progression, with a median PFS of 4.6 months compared to 22 months in those with higher Hb.Median overall survival (OS) was 21.0 months, with a 12‐month OS probability of 63.4%. Lower Hb levels (< 11 g/L) were associated with a tenfold increased risk of mortality.Among the 28 patients who underwent FISH analysis, while no significant difference in mortality risk was observed, those with high‐risk cytogenetic abnormalities exhibited a nearly tenfold increased risk of disease progression.These results suggest that IsaPd offers a meaningful option for Dara‐R patients, with Hb levels serving as a critical predictor of both PFS and OS. However, PFS remains modest, underscoring the need for novel combination therapies.