bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Actor’s Initial State of Engagement in a Course of Action on Judgements of Post-decisional Regret and Joy: Revisiting Kahneman and Tversky (1982)
Authors: Sepehrinia Mahya , Nejat Pegah , Baniyaghoub Reyhaneh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
According to the phenomenon commonly known as action effect and vastly replicated across the judgment and decision-making literature, more regret is associated with decisions resulting from action than inaction. Action vs. inaction, however, might either refer to change vs. no change or doing something vs. not doing something. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of this variation in operationalization of action-inaction on the strength of action effect, for both positive and negative outcomes, across four different domains of employment, finance, education, and health. This was an experimental scenario-based study (N = 215) with four between-subjects conditions varying in outcome valence and the actor’s initial state as either engaged or non-engaged in a particular course of action. Action effect was found to be stronger with respect to the initially engaged than the initially non-engaged decision-maker (ηp2 = .04), indicating that action as change results in a stronger action effect than action as doing something. The effect of the initial state was also moderated by domain. In addition, we both replicated and went beyond prior empirical literature regarding the effect of outcome valence and domain on action effect, with our findings being mostly consistent across joy and regret. Findings are discussed in light of the norm theory and its key concept of normality and contribute to the literature on moderators of action effect.
Association of Equatorward Extended Auroral Streamers With Overshielding Conditions at Equatorial Latitudes: First Observations
Authors: Yadav Sneha , Lyons Larry. R. , Nishimura Yukitoshi , Weygand James M. , Liu Jiang , Zhang Shun‐Rong , Tian Sheng , Zou Ying , Donovan Eric F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe report the first observations of the association between equatorward extending streamers and overshielding using the THEMIS all‐sky imagers and ground magnetometers. Because auroral streamers indicate plasma sheet flow bursts, these observations uncover the effect of flow bursts on overshielding. Results show that, in general, bright equatorward extended streamers were associated with an increase in equatorial electrojet (EEJ) on the nightside and a decrease in the dayside EEJ, indicating a striking correspondence between auroral streamers and overshielding conditions. Thus, the driving of overshielding at equatorial latitudes can be identified via bright equatorward extended streamers, indicating that flow bursts are an alternate means to discern the earthward injections that increase the region 2 field aligned currents and associated overshielding electric fields. Repetitive auroral streamers were associated with repetitive overshielding, resulting in a stepwise development of the dayside and nightside EEJ. The stepwise intensifications were also observed in the midlatitude positive bay and Pi2 pulsations. Our results could explain the occurrence of overshielding conditions at equatorial latitudes during substorms and nonsubstorm times without a northward turning of IMF‐Bz. As seen through streamers, the localized current structures (wedgelets) associated with flow bursts giving injection that leads to overshielding is titled northeast‐to‐southwest. Our results add a new element to the understanding of high‐to‐low latitude electrodynamical coupling by demonstrating the association between bright equatorward extended auroral streamers and enhanced shielding electric fields caused by earthward injections associated with flow bursts.
The Role of Plasmasphere in the Formation of Electron Heat Fluxes
Authors: Khazanov George V. , Pierrard Viviane , Ma Qianli , Botek Edith 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPlasmasphere plays an important role in the magnetospheric physics, defining many important inputs to the ionosphere from the middle to the auroral latitudes. Among them are electron thermal heat fluxes resulting from the Coulomb interaction of superthermal electrons (SE) and cold plasmaspheric electrons. These fluxes define the electron temperature at the upper ionospheric altitudes and are the input to the global ionospheric modeling networks. As was previously found from the calculation of lower energy SE and thermal heat fluxes, the knowledge of field‐aligned cold plasma distribution in the plasmasphere is a very sensitive parameter that introduces the most uncertainties in the calculation of these values. To verify the previously used SuperThermal Electron Transport code assumptions regarding plasmaspheric field‐aligned density structure ∼[B(s)/Bo]a, we used the latest version of 3D plasmaspheric model developed by Pierrard, Botek, and Darrouzet (2021, https://doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2021.681401). Such an assumption is found to be very reasonable in the calculations of electron thermal heat fluxes entering upper ionospheric altitudes and the associated electron temperature formation for the two selected dayside and nightside electron precipitation events driven by whistler‐mode wave activity.
ENSO‐Related Interannual Variability of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea Since the Mid‐2000s
Authors: Qiao Yu‐Xiang , Nakamura Hirohiko , Tomita Tomohiko , Kako Shinichiro , Nishina Ayako , Zhu Xiao‐Hua , Liu Zhao‐Jun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUsing observational and reanalysis data sets, we investigated interannual variability in the Kuroshio in the East China Sea (ECS‐Kuroshio). We exhibited that the surface velocity and position of the ECS‐Kuroshio were synchronized on a quasi‐3‐year interannual timescale during 2005–2016. We further demonstrated that: (a) during 2005–2016, wind stress curl variability related to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) played a leading role in the interannual ECS‐Kuroshio variability by exciting baroclinic Rossby waves along the subtropical countercurrent (STCC) zone east of Taiwan; (b) mesoscale eddy activities in the STCC zone, especially long‐lived (≥150‐day lifetime) cyclonic eddies, probably played a secondary role in the interannual ECS‐Kuroshio variability. In addition, we showed that the occurrence of the quasi‐3‐year interannual variability of the ECS‐Kuroshio since 2005 was likely linked to the following changes in the ENSO‐related atmospheric circulation: (a) The primary ENSO timescale changed from a quasi‐5‐year period in 1993–2004 to a quasi‐3‐year one in 2005–2016; (b) Over the central equatorial Pacific along with the eastern tropical Indian Ocean, the sea surface temperature in 2005–2016 varied with a more intense amplitude than in 1993–2004, which resulted in a different western North Pacific atmospheric response to the ENSO in 2005–2016 from that in 1993–2004.
Drift Correction and Sub‐Ensemble Predictive Skill Evaluation of the Decadal Prediction Large Ensemble With Application to Regional Studies
Authors: Rosa‐Cánovas J. J. , García‐Valdecasas Ojeda M. , Romero‐Jiménez E. , Yeste P. , Gámiz‐Fortis S. R. , Castro‐Díez Y. , Esteban‐Parra M. J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA large ensemble of experiments is required to reveal the predictable climate signal masked by the background noise in the decadal climate prediction (DCP). This is one of the main obstacles which complicates the generation of high‐resolution decadal climate information at regional scale, given the computing cost of the task. In this study, a set of representative sub‐ensembles of three members (ENS3) from the Decadal Prediction Large Ensemble has been selected to produce dynamically downscaled DCPs in future studies, minimizing the amount of computing resources required to conduct the regionalization while reducing as much as possible the loss of predictive skill with respect to the full ensemble (ENS40). The procedure to follow comprises two steps: first, an analysis to choose the most appropriate method of drift correction to remove the model drift; second, the selection of three members to build ENS3 and the evaluation of its performance and the impact of ensemble size on sub‐ensemble performance. The study has been focused on sea surface temperature (SST), near‐surface temperature anomaly and sea level pressure over some Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment regions: Europe, South America and North America. The initial condition‐based approach has been shown to be the most suitable method in the three domains. Although there is an inevitable loss of predictive skill when reducing the ensemble size, ENS3 has shown to be a relatively good alternative to ENS10 and ENS40 when facing computing constraints and the analysis is focused on SST.
Simulating Radiative Heat Transfer in Multi‐Scattering Irregular Surfaces: Application to Snow and Ice Morphologies on Europa
Authors: Carreon Anthony , Macias Antonio , Hsu Andy , Berisford Daniel F. , Goldstein David B. , Varghese Philip , Trafton Laurence , Hand Kevin P. , Steckloff Jordan , Mahieux Arnaud 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe developed a Monte‐Carlo‐based radiative heat transfer model capable of simulating solar exposure and subsequent warming of rough snow and ice surfaces on ice‐covered airless solar system bodies. The model accounts for wavelength‐dependent internal light scattering and heat conduction in the snow interior down to meter‐scale depths. We validated the model against analytical and experimental test cases with relevant applications to Europa, one of Jupiter's moons. We examined differential heating across the surface, from the centimeter to meter scale, to reveal potential patterns of preferential sublimation that could lead to rough ice morphologies, such as penitentes. An exploration of parameters such as penitente height‐width ratios, shape, size, snow grain size, and thermal properties revealed that taller, thinner, larger penitentes with sharper peaks, coarser snow grain sizes, and lower thermal inertias are more likely to grow in Europa's environment near the equator.
Ecological Restoration Effectively Mitigated pCO2 and CO2 Evasions From Severely Polluted Urban Rivers
Authors: Wang Jilong , Wang Xiaofeng , Liu Tingting , Chen Huai , He Yixin , Yuan Xingzhong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUrban rivers are significant hotspots of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere, playing important roles in global carbon emission inventories. However, little is known about the effect of ecological restoration on CO2 dynamics in severely polluted urban rivers, and this strongly hindering our understanding of the positive effects of human activities on CO2 emissions in urbanized aquatic ecosystems. We measured CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) and fluxes in nine severely polluted urban rivers with varying degrees of ecological restoration, and assessed the relationships with water physicochemical parameters, pollution levels and basin environmental investment. Our results indicate that urban rivers with high pollution loadings were indeed hotspots of CO2 evasion. However, fully restored rivers had generally lower pCO2 and CO2 emissions than partially restored rivers and were observably lower than unrestored rivers, suggesting that watershed eco‐restoration could effectively reduce CO2 evasion. In particular, environmental investment per unit basin area had a significant negative correlation with CO2 evasion and could explain 51%–85% and 51% of total variability in pCO2 and CO2 fluxes among nine urban rivers respectively, emphasizing the potential benefits of carbon emission regulation resulting from positive environmental management. Nutrient removal and sewage interception during watershed eco‐restoration were key processes reducing pCO2 and CO2 fluxes in polluted urban rivers. pH alteration kept close correlations with pCO2 and acted as a sensitive regulator of CO2 evasion in the nine rivers. We highlight the importance of considering the coupling effects of pollution and restoration on the spatiotemporal variability of CO2 evasion and the uncertainty of related monitoring methods in urban watersheds.
Forecasting Ionospheric foF2 Using Bidirectional LSTM and Attention Mechanism
Authors: Tang Jun , Yang Dengpan , Ding Mingfei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe critical frequency of ionospheric F2 layer (foF2) is an important ionospheric characteristic parameter. In this paper, a deep learning model based on Bidirectional long short‐term memory (BiLSTM) and attention mechanism is implemented for predicting the foF2 parameter. The inputs of models are the foF2 of globally available ionospheric ionosonde stations, geographic longitude and latitude, world time (UT), geomagnetic activity index, and solar activity index from 2015 to 2017. The superiority of the model is analyzed from different latitudes, seasons, and geomagnetic conditions. The results show that the prediction performance of the Bidirectional long short‐term memory model based on attention mechanism (BiLSTM‐Attention) is better than other models. The performance of the prediction model is optimal at high latitudes. The root mean square error (RMSE) and correlation coefficient (R) of the BiLSTM‐Attention model are 0.539 MHZ and 0.908 MHz at high latitudes, respectively. In terms of RMSE, it is 25.243%, 18.209%, and 11.203% lower than those of the international reference ionosphere (IRI), LSTM, and BiLSTM models, respectively. The prediction results of the four seasons show that the models are more applicable in winter. Compared with the IRI model, the RMSE of the BiLSTM‐Attention model in spring, summer, autumn, and winter is reduced by 24.344%, 21.181%, 25.058%, and 30.948%, respectively. The prediction effect of the BiLSTM‐Attention model is improved in the magnetic quiet period, the magnetic moderate period and the magnetic storm period. Also, the improvement effect is more obvious in the magnetostatic day, and the RMSE is reduced by 27.462% compared with the IRI model.
Exosome-targeted delivery of METTL14 regulates NFATc1 m6A methylation levels to correct osteoclast-induced bone resorption
Authors: Yang Jin-Gang , Sun Bao , Wang Zheng , Li Xing , Gao Jia-hui , Qian Jia-jun , Li Jiang , Wei Wen-jia , Zhang Ping , Wang Wei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOsteoporosis has a profound influence on public health. First-line bisphosphonates often cause osteonecrosis of the jaw meanwhile inhibiting osteoclasts. Therefore, it is important to develop effective treatments. The results of this study showed that the increased level of NFATc1 m6A methylation caused by zoledronic acid (ZOL), with 4249A as the functional site, is highly correlated with the decreased bone resorption of osteoclasts. Upstream, METTL14 regulates osteoclast bone absorption through the methylation functional site of NFATc1. Downstream, YTHDF1 and YTHDF2 show antagonistic effects on the post-transcriptional regulation of NFATc1 after the m6A methylation level is elevated by METTL14. In this study, meRIP-Seq, luciferase reporter assays, meRIP and other methods were used to elucidate the NFATc1 regulatory mechanism of osteoclasts from the perspective of RNA methylation. In addition, EphA2 overexpression on exosomes is an effective biological method for targeted delivery of METTL14 into osteoclasts. Importantly, this study shows that METTL14 released by exosomes can increase the m6A methylation level of NFATc1 to inhibit osteoclasts, help postmenopausal osteoporosis patients preserve bone mass, and avoid triggering osteonecrosis of the jaw, thus becoming a new bioactive molecule for the treatment of osteoporosis.
Ubc9 regulates the expression of MHC II in dendritic cells to enhance DSS-induced colitis by mediating RBPJ SUMOylation
Authors: Zhang Jing , Chen Longmin , Xu Qianqian , Zou Yuan , Sun Fei , Zhou Qing , Luo Xi , Li Yang , Chen Cai , Zhang Shu , Xiong Fei , Yang Ping , Liu Shiwei , Wang Cong-Yi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSUMOylation is an evolutionary conserved regulatory mechanism, in which Ubc9 is the only E2 conjugating enzyme. Previous studies demonstrated that SUMOylation is involved in multiple biological processes, but its role in dendritic cells (DCs) remains to be fully addressed. Herein in this report, we found that DCs deficient in Ubc9 protected mice from dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, as evidenced by the ameliorated weight loss, colon length, and disrupted colon structure. Mechanistically, Ubc9 mediated SUMOylation of RBPJ, by which it stabilized RBPJ from ubiquitin-mediated degradation to enhance its transcriptional activity, while Ciita, a critical transcription factor, is a direct target downstream of RBPJ, which forms an enhanceosome complex to transcribe the expression of MHC II genes. Therefore, loss of Ubc9 abolished RBPJ SUMOylation, which was coupled with reduced Ciita transcription, thereby attenuating the expression of MHC class II genes. As a consequence of defective MHC II expression, Ubc9-/- DCs were featured by the impaired capability to process antigen and to prime effector CD4+ T cells, thereby protecting mice from DSS-induced colitis. Together, our results shed novel insight into the understanding of SUMOylation in the regulation of DC functions in pathological conditions.
Change detection in the primate auditory cortex through feedback of prediction error signals
Authors: Obara Keitaro , Ebina Teppei , Terada Shin-Ichiro , Uka Takanori , Komatsu Misako , Takaji Masafumi , Watakabe Akiya , Kobayashi Kenta , Masamizu Yoshito , Mizukami Hiroaki , Yamamori Tetsuo , Kasai Kiyoto , Matsuzaki Masanori 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough cortical feedback signals are essential for modulating feedforward processing, no feedback error signal across hierarchical cortical areas has been reported. Here, we observed such a signal in the auditory cortex of awake common marmoset during an oddball paradigm to induce auditory duration mismatch negativity. Prediction errors to a deviant tone presentation were generated as offset calcium responses of layer 2/3 neurons in the rostral parabelt (RPB) of higher-order auditory cortex, while responses to non-deviant tones were strongly suppressed. Within several hundred milliseconds, the error signals propagated broadly into layer 1 of the primary auditory cortex (A1) and accumulated locally on top of incoming auditory signals. Blockade of RPB activity prevented deviance detection in A1. Optogenetic activation of RPB following tone presentation nonlinearly enhanced A1 tone response. Thus, the feedback error signal is critical for automatic detection of unpredicted stimuli in physiological auditory processing and may serve as backpropagation-like learning.
Enhanced subglacial discharge from Antarctica during meltwater pulse 1A
Authors: Li Tao , Robinson Laura F. , MacGilchrist Graeme A. , Chen Tianyu , Stewart Joseph A. , Burke Andrea , Wang Maoyu , Li Gaojun , Chen Jun , Rae James W. B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSubglacial discharge from the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) likely played a crucial role in the loss of the ice sheet and the subsequent rise in sea level during the last deglaciation. However, no direct proxy is currently available to document subglacial discharge from the AIS, which leaves significant gaps in our understanding of the complex interactions between subglacial discharge and ice-sheet stability. Here we present deep-sea coral 234U/238U records from the Drake Passage in the Southern Ocean to track subglacial discharge from the AIS. Our findings reveal distinctively higher seawater 234U/238U values from 15,400 to 14,000 years ago, corresponding to the period of the highest iceberg-rafted debris flux and the occurrence of the meltwater pulse 1A event. This correlation suggests a causal link between enhanced subglacial discharge, synchronous retreat of the AIS, and the rapid rise in sea levels. The enhanced subglacial discharge and subsequent AIS retreat appear to have been preconditioned by a stronger and warmer Circumpolar Deep Water, thus underscoring the critical role of oceanic heat in driving major ice-sheet retreat.
Environmental memory boosts group formation of clueless individuals
Authors: Dias Cristóvão S. , Trivedi Manish , Volpe Giovanni , Araújo Nuno A. M. , Volpe Giorgio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe formation of groups of interacting individuals improves performance and fitness in many decentralised systems, from micro-organisms to social insects, from robotic swarms to artificial intelligence algorithms. Often, group formation and high-level coordination in these systems emerge from individuals with limited information-processing capabilities implementing low-level rules of communication to signal to each other. Here, we show that, even in a community of clueless individuals incapable of processing information and communicating, a dynamic environment can coordinate group formation by transiently storing memory of the earlier passage of individuals. Our results identify a new mechanism of indirect coordination via shared memory that is primarily promoted and reinforced by dynamic environmental factors, thus overshadowing the need for any form of explicit signalling between individuals. We expect this pathway to group formation to be relevant for understanding and controlling self-organisation and collective decision making in both living and artificial active matter in real-life environments.
Enhanced pericyte-endothelial interactions through NO-boosted extracellular vesicles drive revascularization in a mouse model of ischemic injury
Authors: Guo Ling , Yang Qiang , Wei Runxiu , Zhang Wenjun , Yin Na , Chen Yuling , Xu Chao , Li Changrui , Carney Randy P. , Li Yuanpei , Feng Min 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDespite improvements in medical and surgical therapies, a significant portion of patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) are considered as “no option” for revascularization. In this work, a nitric oxide (NO)-boosted and activated nanovesicle regeneration kit (n-BANK) is constructed by decorating stem cell-derived nanoscale extracellular vesicles with NO nanocages. Our results demonstrate that n-BANKs could store NO in endothelial cells for subsequent release upon pericyte recruitment for CLI revascularization. Notably, n-BANKs enable endothelial cells to trigger eNOS activation and form tube-like structures. Subsequently, eNOS-derived NO robustly recruits pericytes to invest nascent endothelial cell tubes, giving rise to mature blood vessels. Consequently, n-BANKs confer complete revascularization in female mice following CLI, and thereby achieve limb preservation and restore the motor function. In light of n-BANK evoking pericyte-endothelial interactions to create functional vascular networks, it features promising therapeutic potential in revascularization to reduce CLI-related amputations, which potentially impact regeneration medicine.