bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systemtherapien bei metastasierten Schilddrüsenkarzinomen – ein Update
Authors: Brandenburg Tim , Machlah Yara Maria , Führer-Sakel Dagmar 
Published: February 2024

Was ist neu?
Radiojodrefraktäre differenzierte Schilddrüsenkarzinome Die Wirksamkeit der Multikinase-Inhibitoren Lenvatinib und Sorafenib kann anhand von „Real-world“-Anwendungsdaten verschiedener Krebszentren weltweit gezeigt werden. Zur Behandlung des fortgeschrittenen rrDTC (radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer) steht Cabozantinib als Zweitlinienpräparat nach Progress unter Lenvatinib und/oder Sorafenib zur Verfügung. Bislang zeigte sich weiter eine geringe Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass eine medikamentöse Vorbehandlung zu einer Redifferenzierung mit anschließender erfolgreicher Radiojodtherapie führt. Eine aktuelle französische Studie berichtet hingegen von erfolgreicher Redifferenzierung bei bis zu 95% (20/21) der Patienten mit rrDTC.
Medulläres Schilddrüsenkarzinom Basierend auf einer erfolgten Beobachtungsstudie und einer Neubewertung der ZETA-Studie erfolgte eine Zulassungsänderung für Vandetanib. Die Indikation besteht seit Januar 2023 nur noch beim aggressiven, fortgeschrittenen medullären Schilddrüsenkarzinom mit positivem RET-Mutationsnachweis. Der selektive RET-Kinase-Inhibitor Selpercatinib steht seit 09/2022 auch in Erstlinie zur Behandlung des fortgeschrittenen RET-mutierten medullären Schilddrüsenkarzinoms zur Verfügung. Weitere „Next-Generation-Inhibitoren“ (z.B. LOXO-260) werden bereits in Phase-I-Studien getestet.
Anaplastisches Schilddrüsenkarzinom Das anaplastische Schilddrüsenkarzinom besitzt unverändert eine schlechte Prognose, obwohl einige Fortschritte in der Therapie Zuversicht geben. Von entscheidender Bedeutung sind eine schnelle molekularpathologische Evaluation von Treibermutationen, die Möglichkeit der Durchführung von Immuntherapien sowie der Zugang zu klinischen Studien.
Potassium: A Frontier in Osteoporosis
Authors: Singh Widhilika , Kushwaha Poonam 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOsteoporosis is a significant public health concern, particularly in aging
populations, leading to fractures, decreased mobility, and reduced quality of
life. While calcium and vitamin D have long been recognized as essential for
bone health, emerging research suggests that potassium may play a crucial role
in maintaining bone density and preventing osteoporosis. This manuscript
explores the relationship between potassium and osteoporosis, delving into the
mechanisms, epidemiological evidence, and potential therapeutic implications of
potassium in bone health. Furthermore, the manuscript discusses the sources of
dietary potassium, its impact on bone metabolism, and the future directions in
research and clinical practice regarding potassium’s role in
osteoporosis management.
Cross leg Flap
Authors: Gupta V. N. , Sethi S. S. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryA serics of 15 cases of cross leg ilap have been presented with the donor area from the medial surface of the leg and the anterior surface of the thigh, because of the better vascularity of these areas. An anatomical basis of the vascularity of the medial surface of leg is discussed, and the importance of the preservation: of these cutaneous branches of the posterior tibial arlery, is impressed upon.
Mid-Line Nasal Sinus (Dermoid)
Authors: Chatterji P. , Saxena R. K. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryA case of median nasal sinus (dermoid) is described. A briel review of the litera tore repading its embryology, clinieal and radiological features has been given. Diflerential dingnosis and different surpical procedures have been described.
Maxillary - Osteotomy (DISH-FACE DLEFORMITY)
Authors: Sethi S. S. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryA case report s given and - discussed, where a Tow maxillary advancement osteotomy is done for a malunited maxillary fracture causing dish-face deformity with malocclusion. The indications and classification of thelow maxillary osteotomy are discussed.
Effect of Cyclophosphamide (Endoxan-Asta) on Palate Development in Albino Rats
Authors: Singh Shamer , Sanyal A. K. , Singh S. P. 
Published: February 2024

SummarySingle intraperitoneal injection of varying doses of Cyclophosphamide (Endoxan-Asta) was - piven (o SE pregnant albino rats of Wistar Strain during 12th through 16th days of gestation (the day of sperm positive vaginal smear designated as zero cay of pregnancy). Ten pregnant rats were used as controls where similar amount of saline was injected without the drug. Rats were sacrificed on 21st day of gestation and foetuses removed after uterotomy and examined under the dissecting microscope for presence of any Joft palate. Highly arched palate showing defective closure was observed in most of the litters where injections were given on 12th-15th days of gestation while rats injected on 16th day of gestalion showed normal palate in all the litters. Varying degrees of actual cleftin the palate was found in 27% of foetiises trealed on 12th day. 70% in those of 13th day treatment and 429, in case of 14th day group. No cleft palate was detected in the 15th & 16th day treated foetuses or in the control ones, though the 15th day treated group showed high arched palate in 100% of the foetuses. Mechanism of the production of the developmental defect has been discussed.
Parotid Duet Transfer in Dry Conjunctiva
Authors: Sharma Dr. L. K. , Bhivapurkar Dr. R. 
Published: February 2024

Summary(1) Parotid duct transfer to the conjunctival sac for dry conjunctiva is practical.(2) Eight parotid duct transfers on five patients in 4 years period were cariied out and results are presented.(3) The length of the duct is short by 1.5 to 2cm. for successful transfer to the conjunctival sac. The additional length may be gained by tubing the mucosal tlap to avoid undue traction on the transferred duct.(4) Conjunctivo-antrorhinostomy seems to be the answer to relieve the patient from most troublesome complications ol excessive seerctions in conjunctival sac.
Scrotal Flap for Hypospadias Urethroplasty Fistulae
Authors: Singh Dr. Rajinder 
Published: February 2024

SummarySixteen patients having nineteen fistulie following urcthroplasty in hypospadias are described.The repair of fistulae at various penile sites have been donc by the transposition scrotal flap in single stage. The procedure has been detailed.The advantages of this method are that it provides additional skin and the suture lines of the two layers do not overlap each other. Therefore, it is a principally sound single stage procedure for the repair o the big postoperative fistulac.Follow up in this series is for the period varying from of 4 months to 5 years and all the fistulae except one were successtully closed.
Deformity of Nose in Unilateral Clefts
Authors: Khan Masood II , Sharma R. N. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryThe cause of the nasal deformity is the hypoplasia or agenesis of the maxilla and nothing else. If the primary cause, is treated first, the patient will have a normal nose. The other deformities are the sequelae of the primary cause that need correction later on.
Repair of Ventral Hernia by a Simplified Procedure
Authors: Singh Dr. Joginder , Bhardwaj Dr. D. N. , Singh Dr. Bholla 
Published: February 2024

Summary1) Fifty cases of ventral hernia, treated by simplified interrupted inverting suture method using cotton suture material, are reported.2) Opening the hernia sac for adhesions, limited dissection of sheath, wide wound debridement and no provision of any drainage form main features of the procedure.3) Haematoma, scroma and wound inifection are eliminated, though serum discharge through superficial wound gaping occurred in 8 percent cases of big hernia. Post-operative stay is minimal and no recurrence occurred on follow up.
Treatment of Congenital Rectal Fistulae Associated with Imperforate Anus in Females
Authors: Waklu A. K. , Tandon R. K. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryThe results of perineal proctoplasty in 10 cases of congenital low rectal fistulas associated with imperforate anus in female babies have been presented. The technique of perineal proctoplasty has been outlined with emphasis on the steps which ensure a good result.
Triple Stentriever “Bouquet” Deployment with Zoom 88 Large-Bore Aspiration and Walrus Balloon-Guide Catheter for the Definitive Thrombectomy of a Carotid Free-Floating Thrombus
Authors: Campos Jessica K. , Meyer Benjamen M. , Khan Muhammad W. , Zarrin David A. , Beaufort Jonathan C. Collard de , Amin Gizal , Lin Li-Mei , Coon Alexander L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFormation of a carotid free-floating thrombus (CFFT) is a rare and life-threatening condition without an optimal management plan. A 78-year-old woman with a history of prior right internal carotid artery (ICA) mechanical thrombectomy and antiplatelet noncompliance presented with transient ischemic attacks secondary to a recurrent CFFT in the right ICA. Given her symptoms and recurrent CFFT, endovascular mechanical thrombectomy was performed. A balloon guide-catheter (BGC) and a Zoom 88 distal access catheter were brought into the right distal common carotid artery and proximal ICA bulb, respectively. Three 0.021-inch microcatheters, each loaded with a unique stentriever, were navigated beyond the thrombus into the upper cervical ICA and deployed in a bouquet fashion. The BGC was inflated to achieve flow arrest, and the Zoom 88 aspiration catheter was tracked over the three bouquet stentrievers to ingest the thrombus. Follow-up angiography demonstrated recanalization of the proximal cervical ICA without evidence of residual thrombus. Twenty-four-hour postoperative computed tomography imaging did not reveal any evidence of new infarction. The patient was discharged home with an intact neurological examination, compliant on aspirin and apixaban. We demonstrate a novel technique utilizing a large-bore catheter with a triple stentriever “bouquet” to thrombectomize a CFFT.
Prediction of Survival in the Elderly Patients with Glioblastoma using Cumulative Inflammatory Markers Score
Authors: Song Kun , Chen Chunjui , Xu Hao , Chen Lingchao , Xu Hongzhi , Han Xi , Chen Hong , Qin Zhiyong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives This retrospective study aimed to explore the prognostic effect of cumulative score based on neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and fibrinogen in older adults diagnosed with glioblastoma (GBM).
Design Retrospective study.
Setting Huashan Hospital.
Participants Patients aged over 60 years and diagnosed with GBM between 2010 and 2017.
Main Outcome Measures Results of preoperative routine biochemistry and coagulation blood examinations were reviewed from medical records. Overall survival (OS) was considered a period from first resection surgery until death. Progression-free survival (PFS) was considered a period from initial operation until the date of tumor progression demonstrated in brain magnetic resonance imaging or death from any cause. If no event occurred, the last follow-up appointment was the end of the observation for OS or PFS. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to evaluate survival curves, and prognostic factors were analyzed by the Cox proportional hazards model.
Results A total of 289 patients were included. Patients with higher levels of fibrinogen, NLR, and PLR had significantly shorter median OS (p = 0.001, p = 0.016, and p = 0.002, respectively) and PFS (p = 0.004, p = 0.022, and p = 0.009, respectively) compared with those with lower levels. Multivariate analyses showed a significant association between higher F-NLR-PLR score and reduced OS (adjusted hazard ratios [aHRs]: 1.356, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.009–1.822 for scores 1–2 compared with 0; 5.974, 95% CI 2.811–12.698 for score 3 compared with 0). Similarly, a significant association between higher F-NLR-PLR score and reduced PFS was observed (aHR: 1.428, 95% CI 1.066–1.912 for scores 1–2 compared with 0; aHR: 2.860, 95% CI 1.315–6.223 for score 3 compared with 0).
Conclusion Higher F-NLR-PLR score is associated with reduced OS and PFS in older adults with GBM, which helps identify patients at high risk and guide the individualized treatment in clinical practice.
Association of Cytogenetics Aberrations and IGHV Mutations with Outcome in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients in a Real-World Clinical Setting
Authors: Muñoz-Novas Carolina , González-Gascón-y-Marín Isabel , Figueroa Iñigo , Sánchez-Paz Laura , Pérez-Carretero Claudia , Quijada-Álamo Miguel , Rodríguez-Vicente Ana-Eugenia , Infante María-Stefania , Foncillas María-Ángeles , Landete Elena , Churruca Juan , Marín Karen , Ramos Victoria , Sánchez Salto Alejandro , Hernández-Rivas José-Ángel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractImmunoglobulin heavy chain variable (IGHV) region mutations, TP53 mutation, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and cytogenetic analysis are the most important prognostic biomarkers used in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients in our daily practice. In real-life environment, there are scarce studies that analyze the correlation of these factors with outcome, mainly referred to time to first treatment (TTFT) and overall survival (OS). This study aimed to typify IGHV mutation status, family usage, FISH aberrations, and complex karyotype (CK) and to analyze the prognostic impact in TTFT and OS in retrospective study of 375 CLL patients from a Spanish cohort. We found unmutated CLL (U-CLL) was associated with more aggressive disease, shorter TTFT (48 vs. 133 months, p < 0.0001), and shorter OS (112 vs. 246 months, p < 0.0001) than the mutated CLL. IGHV3 was the most frequently used IGHV family (46%), followed by IGHV1 (30%) and IGHV4 (16%). IGHV5-51 and IGHV1-69 subfamilies were associated with poor prognosis, while IGHV4 and IGHV2 showed the best outcomes. The prevalence of CK was 15% and was significantly associated with U-CLL. In the multivariable analysis, IGHV2 gene usage and del13q were associated with longer TTFT, while VH1-02, +12, del11q, del17p, and U-CLL with shorter TTFT. Moreover, VH1-69 usage, del11q, del17p, and U-CLL were significantly associated with shorter OS. A comprehensive analysis of genetic prognostic factors provides a more precise information on the outcome of CLL patients. In addition to FISH cytogenetic aberrations, IGHV and TP53 mutations, IGHV gene families, and CK information could help clinicians in the decision-making process.
A classification and recognition algorithm of key figures in public opinion integrating multidimensional similarity and K-shell based on supernetwork
Authors: Wang Guanghui , Wang Yushan , Liu Kaidi , Sun Shu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn online public opinion events, key figures are crucial to the formation and diffusion of public opinion, to the evolution and dissemination of topics, and to the guidance and transformation of the direction of public opinion. Based on the four-dimensional public opinion communication supernetwork (social-psychology-opinion-convergent), this study proposes a classification and recognition algorithm of key figures in online public opinion that integrates multidimensional similarity and K-shell to identify the key figures with differentiation in online public opinion events. The research finds that the evolutionary process of public opinion events is the joint action of key figures with different roles. The opinion leader is the key figure in the global communication of public opinion. The focus figure is the core figure that promotes the dissemination of public opinion on local subnetworks. The communication figure is the “bridge” node in the cross-regional communication of public opinion. Through the algorithm verification of the case “China Eastern Airlines Passenger Plane Crash Event”, we find that the algorithm proposed in this paper has advantages in feasibility, sensitivity, and effectiveness, compared with traditional algorithms such as CI, forwarding volume, degree centrality, K-shell, and multidimensional similarity. The classification and recognition algorithm proposed in this study can not only identify multirole key figures simultaneously but also improve the recognition granularity and eliminate the interference of core-like nodes.
Sweet home or battle of the sexes: who dominates food purchasing decisions?
Authors: Loginova Daria , Mann Stefan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBy analysing big data collected from 1990 to 2017 on the consumption behaviours of men and women living alone and in heterosexual couples in Switzerland, we classified 75 food items in terms of their consumption within couple versus single households. We defined and quantified the gender dominance exhibited in the food purchasing activities of couples. Our results showed that to form consumption of couples, the average consumption of single women weighted 0.6, while that of men weighted 0.38. In addition, couples were found to consume more drinks and pricier foods than singles. Our findings span various areas, including the socioeconomics of food, food choice, social eating, gender power, eating behaviour and population and consumer studies. The robustness of the findings may be validated for other countries and cultures, and the findings may be of interest to researchers from various fields.
A thematic analysis of the links between multinational enterprises’ corporate social responsibility and the Sustainable Development Goals in Myanmar
Authors: Rao-Nicholson Rekha , Thein Htwe Htwe , Zhong Yifan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAdopting textual analysis, we examine the links between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for 30 foreign subsidiaries in Myanmar, a Country of Concern (CoC). The analysis covers the period from 2001 up to 2020. Our work contributes to the literature on SDGs and CSR in a CoC. We find that although multinational enterprises (MNEs) address community issues via philanthropy unrelated to their principal business, in some cases CSR is related to their core capability. Despite some diversity in CSR processes, we find that MNEs tackle limited CSR issues. Furthermore, MNEs’ CSR generates positive externalities rather than reduce negative externalities. This finding confirms the discourse in international business policy suggesting MNEs focus on only positive externalities and ignoring negative externalities, and this neglect of negative externalities could result in a net-negative impact from their CSR. Nevertheless, we observe that CSR activities map onto all but one SDG, thus demonstrating the potential for further investment in CSR in Myanmar. Our study highlights that given a CoC is all about institutional weakness, MNEs’ CSR must focus on strengthening institutions to bring about systemic changes in these contexts, as opposed to short-term ‘bandage’ approaches, otherwise, gains to SDGs will be short-lived.
Inverse design and demonstration of on-chip silicon high-order mode pass filter
Authors: Jiang Weifeng , Mao Siqiang , Hu Jinzhu , Wang Jingli , Wan Hongdan 
Published: February 2024

We propose a concept of a high-order mode (HOM) pass filter based on the inverse-designed mode-routing, which enables an ultra-compact footprint and broad bandwidth. To validate the concept, we experimentally demonstrate two types of HOM pass filters using the direct-binary search topology optimization algorithm. In the first HOM pass filter, the mode-routing region is constructed using an inverse-designed adiabatic coupler, while the second filter utilizes a tapered asymmetric directional coupler. The subwavelength units based on the functional regions of both filters have an ultra-compact footprint of 4 µm × 800 nm. The experimental results indicate that the insertion losses of two HOM-pass filters are 3.13 and 1.94 dB, respectively, and their mode cross-talks are −15.8 and −27.36 dB at the center wavelength of 1550 nm. Both HOM pass filters exhibit high performance over a broad bandwidth of 130 nm.
Calibration improvements expand filterscope diagnostic use
Authors: Herfindal J. L. , Unterberg E. A. , Davda K. M. , Garren E. W. , Groth M. , Scotti F. , Sontag A. C. , Truong D. D. , Wilcox R. S. 
Published: February 2024

The filterscope diagnostic on DIII-D utilizes photomultiplier tubes to measure visible light emission from the plasma. The system has undergone a substantial upgrade since previous attempts to cross-calibrate the filterscope with other spectroscopic diagnostics were unsuccessful. The optics now utilize a dichroic mirror to initially split the light at nearly 99% transmission or reflectance for light below or above 550 nm. This allows the system to measure Dα emission without degrading visible light emission from the plasma for wavelengths below 550 nm (to measure Dβ, Dγ, W–I, C-III, etc.). Additional optimization of the optical components and calibration techniques reduce the error in the signal up to 10% in some channels compared to previous methods. Cross-calibration measurements with two other high resolution spectroscopic diagnostics now show excellent agreement for the first time. This expands the capabilities of the filterscope system allowing measurement of divertor detachment, emission profiles, edge-localized mode behavior, and plasma–wall interactions. It also enables direct comparisons against calculations from boundary plasma simulations. These were not possible before.
“People should get their booster”
Authors: Zou Hang (Joanna) , Hyland Ken 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Debates around the efficacy and dangers of vaccination have taken on critical importance with the Covid pandemic and WHO naming vaccine hesitancy as a major global health threat. We explore how writers use two types of blog, academic and journalistic, to promote key public health messages around the effectiveness and necessity of Covid-19 vaccinations to a broad, heterogeneous audience. Examining 120 Covid-19 vaccination themed posts from reputable news and academic blog sites, we compare the different ways writers present a stance and take a position towards vaccines and vaccinations in these different interactional contexts. Findings show that both types of bloggers are clearly aware of the need to convey a stance towards their topic and audiences feel entitled to position themselves in relation to vaccination issues, but with different emphases. The study has important implications for how healthcare information is disseminated and persuasion accomplished in these public arenas of discourse.
Applying the approach of narrative agency
Authors: Kinnunen Eevastiina , Meretoja Hanna , Kosonen Päivi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this article, we discuss a dialogue between narrative theory, reading group practices, and analysis of reading
group participants’ experiences. Hanna Meretoja’s theory of narrative agency has informed us in developing a new reading group
model that aims to enhance the participants’ narrative agency, and, in turn, the analysis of the reading group experiences
provides us with new knowledge on the reading group model, as well as on the theoretical approach. We explore narrative agency
analysis as a tool to analyze interviews, and our analysis of three participants’ experiences illustrates how narrative agency can
manifest itself in various forms. It also demonstrates that the enhanced ability to navigate narrative environments can be highly
meaningful on a personal level. The article suggests that, despite its challenges, this kind of research approach, combining
theory and practice, enriches and expands the possibilities of literary studies.