bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The discovery of a z = 0.7092 OH megamaser with the MIGHTEE survey
Authors: Jarvis Matt J , Heywood Ian , Jewell Sophie M , Deane Roger P , Klöckner H -R , Ponomareva Anastasia A , Maddox Natasha , Baker Andrew J , Bianchetti Alessandro , Hess Kelley M , Roberts Hayley , Rodighiero Giulia , Ruffa Ilaria , Sinigaglia Francesco , Varadaraj Rohan G , Whittam Imogen H , Adams Elizabeth A K , Baes Maarten , Murphy Eric J , Pan Hengxing , Vaccari Mattia 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the discovery of the most distant OH megamaser (OHM) to be observed in the main lines, using data from the MeerKAT International Giga-Hertz Tiered Extragalactic Exploration (MIGHTEE) survey. At a newly measured redshift of z = 0.7092, the system has strong emission in both the 1665 MHz (L ≈ 2500 L⊙) and 1667 MHz (L ≈ 4.5 × 104 L⊙) transitions, with both narrow and broad components. We interpret the broad line as a high-velocity-dispersion component of the 1667 MHz transition, with velocity v ∼ 330 km s−1 with respect to the systemic velocity. The host galaxy has a stellar mass of M⋆ = 2.95 × 1010 M⊙ and a star formation rate of SFR = 371 M⊙ yr−1, placing it ∼1.5 dex above the main sequence for star-forming galaxies at this redshift, and can be classified as an ultraluminous infrared galaxy. Alongside the optical imaging data, which exhibit evidence for a tidal tail, this suggests that the OHM arises from a system that is currently undergoing a merger, which is stimulating star formation and providing the necessary conditions for pumping the OH molecule to saturation. The OHM is likely to be lensed, with a magnification factor of ∼2.5, and perhaps more if the maser emitting region is compact and suitably offset relative to the centroid of its host galaxy’s optical light. This discovery demonstrates that spectral line mapping with the new generation of radio interferometers may provide important information on the cosmic merger history of galaxies.
Linking UV spectral properties of MUSE Ly α emitters at z ≳ 3 to Lyman continuum escape
Authors: Kramarenko I G , Kerutt J , Verhamme A , Oesch P A , Barrufet L , Matthee J , Kusakabe H , Goovaerts I , Thai T T 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
The physical conditions giving rise to high escape fractions of ionizing radiation (LyC fesc) in star-forming galaxies – most likely protagonists of cosmic reionization – are not yet fully understood. Using the VLT/MUSE observations of ∼1400 Ly α emitters at 2.9 &lt; z &lt; 6.7, we compare stacked rest-frame UV spectra of candidates for LyC leakers and non-leakers selected based on their Ly α profiles. We find that the stacks of potential LyC leakers, i.e. galaxies with narrow, symmetric Ly α profiles with small peak separation, generally show (i) strong nebular O iii]λ1666, [Si iii]λ1883, and [C iii]λ1907 +C iii]λ1909 emission, indicating a high-ionization state of the interstellar medium (ISM); (ii) high equivalent widths of He iiλ1640 (∼1 − 3 Å), suggesting the presence of hard ionizing radiation fields; (iii) Si ii*λ1533 emission, revealing substantial amounts of neutral hydrogen off the line of sight; (iv) high C ivλλ1548,1550 to [C iii]λ1907 +C iii]λ1909 ratios (C iv/C iii] ≳0.75) , signalling the presence of low column density channels in the ISM. In contrast, the stacks with broad, asymmetric Ly α profiles with large peak separation show weak nebular emission lines, low He iiλ1640 equivalent widths (≲1 Å), and low C iv/C iii] (≲0.25), implying low-ionization states and high-neutral hydrogen column densities. Our results suggest that C iv/C iii] might be sensitive to the physical conditions that govern LyC photon escape, providing a promising tool for identification of ionizing sources among star-forming galaxies in the epoch of reionization.
Vascular smooth muscle cell‐specific miRNA‐214 deficiency alleviates simulated microgravity‐induced vascular remodeling
Authors: Li Youyou , Zhao Yunzhang , Zhong Guohui , Xu Qing , Tan Yingjun , Xing Wenjuan , Cao Dengchao , Wang Yinbo , Liu Caizhi , Li Jianwei , Du Ruikai , Sun Weijia , Yuan Xinxin , Li Yeheng , Liu Zizhong , Jin Xiaoyan , Zhao Dingsheng , Song Jinping , Wang Yanqing , Kan Guanghan , Han Xuan , Liu Shujuan , Yuan Min , Gao Feng , Shu Jingdan , Li Yingxian , Ling Shukuan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe human cardiovascular system has evolved to accommodate the gravity of Earth. Microgravity during spaceflight has been shown to induce vascular remodeling, leading to a decline in vascular function. The underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Our previous study demonstrated that miR‐214 plays a critical role in angiotensin II‐induced vascular remodeling by reducing the levels of Smad7 and increasing the phosphorylation of Smad3. However, its role in vascular remodeling evoked by microgravity is not yet known. This study aimed to determine the contribution of miR‐214 to the regulation of microgravity‐induced vascular remodeling. The results of our study revealed that miR‐214 expression was increased in the forebody arteries of both mice and monkeys after simulated microgravity treatment. In vitro, rotation‐simulated microgravity‐induced VSMC migration, hypertrophy, fibrosis, and inflammation were repressed by miR‐214 knockout (KO) in VSMCs. Additionally, miR‐214 KO increased the level of Smad7 and decreased the phosphorylation of Smad3, leading to a decrease in downstream gene expression. Furthermore, miR‐214 cKO protected against simulated microgravity induced the decline in aorta function and the increase in stiffness. Histological analysis showed that miR‐214 cKO inhibited the increases in vascular medial thickness that occurred after simulated microgravity treatment. Altogether, these results demonstrate that miR‐214 has potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of vascular remodeling caused by simulated microgravity.
Serpin family E member 1 enhances myometrium contractility by increasing ATP production during labor
Authors: Wang Xiaodi , Chen Lina , Wen Bolun , Wang Lele , Yang Fan , Bao Junjie , Pan Xiuyu , Zhang Guozheng , Ji Kaiyuan , Liu Huishu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe uterine contraction during labor, a process with repetitive hypoxia and high energy consumption, is essential for successful delivery. However, the molecular mechanism of myometrial contraction regulation is unknown. Serpin family E member 1 (SERPINE1), one of the most upregulated genes in laboring myometrium in both transcriptome and proteome, was highlighted in our previous study. Here, we confirmed SERPINE1 is upregulated in myometrium during labor. Blockade of SERPINE1 using small interfering RNA (siRNA) or inhibitor (Tiplaxtinin) under hypoxic conditions in myocytes or myometrium in vitro showed a decrease contractility, which was achieved by regulating ATP production. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP‐seq), Co‐immunoprecipitation (Co‐IP), and glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST) pull down explored that the promoter of SERPINE1 is directly activated by hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) and SERPINE1 interacts with ATP Synthase Peripheral Stalk Subunit F6 (ATP5PF). Together they enhance hypoxia driven myometrial contraction by maintaining ATP production in the key oxidative phosphorylation pathway. The results provide new insight for uterine contraction regulation, and potential novel therapeutic targets for labor management.
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in rheumatology: B-cell depletion 2.0
Authors: Appalaneni Rohith , Achanta Nikhila , Mohan Chandra 
Published: December 2023

Purpose of review
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T) has revolutionized cancer treatment by harnessing the immune system's power to target malignancies. CD19, a B-cell surface antigen, a key target for CAR-T cell therapy in hematological malignancies, displayed remarkable clinical responses. Recently, there has been a growing interest in exploring the application of CD19 CAR-T cell therapy beyond oncology. The rationale for investigating CD19 CAR-T cells in Rheumatology stems from their ability to selectively target B cells, which play a central pathogenic role through autoantibody-dependent and independent mechanisms.

Recent findings
Preclinical and five completed clinical studies have shown remarkable efficacy and safety in diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, antisynthetase syndrome, and systemic sclerosis. It is thus not surprising that 17 active clinical trials exploring CAR-T cells in Rheumatology are in progress.

Summary
Although CAR-T therapy holds great promise in Rheumatology, many challenges loom. Whether this new way to deplete B-cells is superior to conventional antibody-based B-cell depletion in rheumatic diseases will be closely watched in the coming years.
Pediatric Floating Elbows … What Is All the Fuss About? A Multicenter Perspective
Authors: Zheng Jenny L. ,   CORTICES
Published: December 2023

Background:
Classic orthopaedic teaching states a high risk of pediatric acute compartment syndrome (PACS) and other adverse outcomes to be associated with pediatric floating elbow injuries. However, more recent data suggest otherwise. This study aims to evaluate treatment approaches and outcomes of pediatric floating elbow injuries and accurately determine the rate of associated PACS.

Methods:
A multicenter retrospective database was created to review patients below 18 years old who presented between 2014 and 2019 with floating elbow injuries. Patient demographics, injury characteristics, treatment course, and outcomes were evaluated. A severity classification (Children’s Orthopaedic Trauma and Infection Consortium for Evidence-Based Studies) was established: class 1 injuries included Gartland 1 supracondylar fracture, class 2 included Gartland 2 supracondylar fracture, and class 3 included Gartland 3 or 4 supracondylar or t-condylar fracture. Subclasses A and B were based on displacement of the distal fracture.

Results:
Four hundred fifty four patients were evaluated across 15 institutions. The cohort was 51% male and a median of 6.8 years old at injury. Thirteen patients (2.9%) presented without a palpable or dopplerable pulse, all having class 3 injuries. Ninety patients (20.0%) presented with nerve injuries, which were more common in class 3 injuries (P<0.001). Only 14 (3.1%) had persistent nerve injuries at the final follow-up. Displacement largely dictated whether the distal injury was treated with fixation (P<0.001) or immobilization only. Open reduction rate of the proximal fracture was 7.7% overall. There was 1 case (0.2%) of PACS involving displaced proximal and distal fractures. The median length of follow-up was 2.5 months. Modified Flynn outcomes at the last clinical visit were excellent/good in 315 patients (70%). More severe injuries had less good/excellent outcomes than less severe injuries (P=0.030).

Conclusions:
This multicenter study of a large cohort of pediatric floating elbow injuries identified a low rate of PACS (0.2%). Closed treatment of the distal fracture was more frequently performed for nondisplaced fractures. Nerve and vascular injury rates were consistent with those of isolated component fractures and were associated with fracture displacement. The Children’s Orthopaedic Trauma and Infection Consortium for Evidence-based Studies classification was an effective predictor of outcomes.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
Vaccine-preventable Pediatric Acute Bacterial Meningitis in France: A Time Series Analysis of a 19-Year Prospective National Surveillance Network
Authors: Rybak Alexis , Ouldali Naïm , Varon Emmanuelle , Taha Muhamed-Kheir , Bonacorsi Stéphane , Béchet Stéphane , Angoulvant François , Cohen Robert , Levy Corinne ,   on behalf of the French Pediatric Meningitis Network
Published: December 2023

Background:
In France, vaccination has been implemented against Hi serotype b (Hib), pneumococcus with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV), and Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C (MenC). These interventions with different coverage and uptake have disrupted the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable acute bacterial meningitis (ABM).

Methods:
We analyzed data from a French prospective surveillance network of ABM in children ≤15 years old enrolled by 259 pediatric wards (estimated national coverage: 61%). From 2001 to 2020, the effect of vaccine implementation was estimated with segmented linear regression.

Results:
We analyzed 7,186 cases, mainly due to meningococcus (35.0%), pneumococcus (29.8%), and Hi (3.7%). MenC ABM incidence decreased (−0.12%/month, 95% CI: −0.17 to −0.07, P < 0.001) with no change for the overall meningococcal ABM when comparing the pre-MenC vaccination and the post-MenC vaccination trends. Despite a decreasing MenB ABM incidence without a vaccination program (−0.43%/month, 95% CI: −0.53 to −0.34, P < 0.001), 68.3% of meningococcal ABM involved MenB. No change in pneumococcal ABM incidence was observed after the PCV7 recommendation. By contrast, this incidence significantly decreased after the switch to PCV13 (−0.9%/month, 95% CI: −1.6 to −0.2%, P = 0.01). After May 2014, a rebound occurred (0.5%/month, 95% CI: 0.3–0.8%, P < 0.001), with 89.5% of non-PCV13 vaccine serotypes. Hib ABM incidence increased after June 2017.

Conclusions:
PCV7 and MenC vaccine introduction in France, with slow vaccine uptake and low coverage, had no to little impact as compared to the switch from PCV7 to PCV13, which occurred when coverage was optimal. Our data suggest that MenB and next-generation PCVs could prevent a large part of the ABM incidence in France.
Implant-associated Infection After Pediatric Spine Deformity Surgery: Is Removal of Hardware Indicated?
Authors: Wei Jou , Brown Conrad , Moore Tomas , Graham Nicolette , Davis Mathew , Gatehouse Simon , Nourse Clare 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Postoperative spinal implant infection following pediatric spinal surgery often presents a management dilemma. We aimed to characterize our experience in this cohort of patients, hoping to provide further insight when approaching these challenging cases.

Methods:
A retrospective, observational study was performed of all children who underwent spinal surgery from January 2015 to June 2021 in a tertiary pediatric spinal surgery referral center in Queensland, Australia. Records were reviewed to identify cases of postoperative surgical site infection, with particular focus on children with infection directly involving implants. Preoperative prophylaxis, microbiology, clinical course and outcomes were analyzed.

Results:
A total of 580 children underwent 933 procedures during the study period. The most common pathology requiring surgery was idiopathic scoliosis in 257 children (44.3%) followed by neuromuscular scoliosis in 192 children (33.1%). There were 35 cases of surgical site infection (6.03%), and 9 were implant-associated (1.55%). Infection rate among children with neuromuscular spinal deformity was almost 3-fold higher (11.5%) than idiopathic (3.89%). Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus was the most commonly isolated organism (n = 15). Four implant-associated infections were successfully managed with retention of implant; all were diagnosed within 32 days (median = 20 days) and cultured either Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conversely, infections that necessitated implant removal had a more indolent onset (median = 175 days), and more often cultured Cutibacterium acnes and coagulase-negative Staphylococci.

Conclusions:
Postoperative spinal implant infection can be treated successfully with hardware retention in select cases. Earlier presentation and recognition appear to be associated with better rates of retention and are linked to certain organisms. Further exploration of specific preventative strategies may be key in preventing devastating late-onset infections.
Circle packing charts generated by ChatGPT to identify the characteristics of articles by anesthesiology authors in 2022: Bibliometric analysis
Authors: Ho Sam Yu-Chieh , Chien Tsair-Wei , Chou Willy 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The ChatGPT (Open AI, San Francisco, CA), denoted by the Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer, has been a hot topic for discussion over the past few months. A verification of whether the code for drawing circle packing charts (CPCs) with R can be generated by ChatGPT and used to identify characteristics of articles by anesthesiology authors is needed. This study aimed to provide insights into article characteristics in the field of anesthesiology and to highlight the potential of ChatGPT for data visualization techniques (e.g., CPCs) in bibliometric analysis.

Methods:
A total of 23,012 articles were indexed in PubMed in 2022 by authors in the field of anesthesiology. The code for drawing CPCs with R was generated by ChatGPT and then modified by the authors to identify the characteristics of articles in 2 forms: 23,012 and 100 top-impact factors in journals (T100IF). Using CPCs and 3 other visualizations—network charts, impact beam plots, and Sankey diagrams—we were able to display article features commonly used in bibliometric analysis. The author-weighted scheme and absolute advantage coefficient were used to assess dominant entities, such as countries, institutes, authors, and themes (defined by PubMed and MeSH terms).

Results:
Our findings indicate that: further modifications should be made to the code generated by ChatGPT for drawing CPCs in R; publications in the field of anesthesiology are dominated by China, followed by the United States and Japan; Capital Medical University (China) and Showa University Hospital (Japan) dominate research institutes in terms of publications and IF, respectively; and COVID-19 is the most frequently reported theme in T100IF, accounting for 29%.

Conclusions:
No such articles with CPCs regarding bibliometrics have ever been found in PubMed. The code for drawing CPCs with R can be generated by ChatGPT, but further modification is required for implementation in bibliometrics. CPCs should be used in future studies to identify the characteristics of articles in other areas of research rather than limiting them to anesthesiology, as we did in this study.
Scalp nodules as the first presentation of prostate cancer: A CARE-compliant article
Authors: Oh Tae Hoon , Kim Hun Soo , Park Seung Chol 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:Bones are the most common site of prostate cancer metastasis. Other common sites of metastases include the distant lymph nodes, liver, thorax, brain, and digestive system. However, cutaneous metastases from prostate cancer are extremely rare.Patient concerns:We present a case of a 61-year-old man with scalp nodules without any cancer history.Diagnosis:The patient was diagnosed with metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma through an incisional biopsy for his scalp nodules. The patient presented with a serum prostate-specific antigen level of 10.2 ng/mL; imaging examinations revealed extraprostatic extension, lymph node involvement, and multiple bone metastases.Intervention:The patient was treated with androgen deprivation therapy with leuprolide acetate (7.5 mg every month) and abiraterone acetate (1000 mg daily).Outcomes:The scalp metastases resolved without adverse effects, and the serum prostate-specific antigen level decreased to 0.02 ng/mL.Lessons:Cutaneous metastasis, especially scalp metastasis from prostate cancer, is extremely rare. If there is a rash or nodule on the skin, it is necessary to evaluate it carefully and to confirm it through a biopsy.
Caroli disease with subcutaneous hemorrhage as the sole clinical manifestation: A case report
Authors: Yang Wentai , Jin Qing 
Published: December 2023

Rational:
The disease of Caroli is a rare congenital disorder, characterized by the dilated intrahepatic bile ducts, resulting from mutations in the PKHD1 gene. Caroli syndrome, characterized by dilated intrahepatic bile ducts with congenital hepatic fibrosis, is linked to autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease. The clinical manifestations of Caroli disease are not typical, and Caroli disease is easy to be missed and misdiagnosed. Therefore, we reported this case in the hope of raising awareness of the disease among clinicians.

Patient concerns:
The clinical manifestation of a 10-year-old girl was subcutaneous hemorrhage.

Diagnoses:
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI ) indicates that the person may have Caroli disease, cirrhosis, splenomegaly, portal hypertension, esophagogastric fundal varices, or sponge kidneys.

Intervention:
The patient was advised for liver transplantation.

Outcomes:
The patient parents did not take our treatment advice, and they asked to go to a better hospital for further treatment, so we did not give the patient any treatment.

Lessons:
This case serves as a reminder that if we encounter a patient with hemophilia in our clinic, we should not only consider hematologic diseases and cirrhosis, but also perform an epigastric MRI and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography to rule out Caroli disease.
Myxofibrosarcoma involving brachial plexus diagnoses by contrast-enhanced ultrasound: A case report
Authors: Liu Weijie , Yan Yumei , Wu Xiaohang , Hou Xiukun , Qu Xiaomeng 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Myxofibrosarcoma most commonly arises as a slowly enlarging, painless mass. We describe an unusual case of low-grade myxofibrosarcoma in the axillary fossa, which infiltrated the brachial plexus, axillary artery, and axillary vein, causing severe pain. The low incidence and complex anatomical structure make imaging examination and surgery face great challenges. To the best of our knowledge, such presentation of a low-grade myxofibrosarcoma that showed an extreme infiltrative growth pattern and presented severe pain has not been reported before.

Patient concerns:
We reported a case of low-grade myxofibrosarcoma developed around the axillary neurovascular bundle, with multiple peripheral metastases in an 87-year-old male. Physical examination revealed a mass on the right axillary fossa measuring 5 × 4 cm. The patient underwent computed tomography but no definite diagnosis was obtained. Because he had claustrophobia and could not perform MRI examination. Thus, he underwent conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Ultrasonic examination not only accurately determines the invasion scope of the tumor, but also clearly shows that the nerve has suffered from the invasion of the exogenous tumor and multiple metastatic foci around it. The contrast enhancement mode of the tumor showed centripetal high-enhancement, uneven internal enhancement, visible enhanced bridge, and non-enhancing central area.

Diagnoses:
Combined with the results of conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound, we highly suspected it to be soft tissue sarcoma, giving strong clinical assistance.

Interventions:
Given the risk of sarcoma implantation along the needle track and the underestimation of tumor malignancy, an excisional biopsy was considered the most practical choice to avoid unnecessary pain and potential implantation.

Outcomes:
The patient underwent surgery and a histopathological examination of the lesion confirmed it as low-grade myxofibrosarcoma.

Lessons subsections:
This report describes a rare case of myxofibrosarcoma of the axillary fossa. High-resolution ultrasound is increasingly used for the initial assessment of soft-tissue masses. However, there are few reports about the ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound examinations of myxofibrosarcoma. Accurate preoperative diagnosis and proper treatment strategies are critical in managing patients with myxofibrosarcoma. Our case may provide diagnosis experiences and will help better understand and treat this disease.