bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Abolishing a Copayment Increase Doctor Visits? A Comparative Case Study
Authors: Haaga Tapio , Böckerman Petri , Kortelainen Mika , Tukiainen Janne 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Insurance coverage increases health care consumption, but less is known whether moderate copayments affect adults’ primary care utilization in a system characterized by gatekeeping. We analyze whether abolishing a 14-euro copayment for visits to general practitioners (GP) in Helsinki, the capital of Finland, increased the number of GP visits among adults and especially among low-income individuals. Using a difference-in-differences (DD) design and combining several administrative registers from 2011 to 2014, we find that the abolition is associated with only a small increase in GP visits (+0.04 visits annually, or +4.4 %, for all adults). The increase is driven by low-income adults (+0.06 visits, or +4.5 %, at the bottom 40 %). Although the point estimates are rather robustly positive, the conclusions regarding the statistical significance are sensitive to how we account for clustering in a setting characterized by only one treated cluster and a finite number of comparison clusters.
Aid in Conflict: Determinants of International Aid Allocation to Ukraine During the 2022 Russian Invasion
Authors: Schmidt Constantin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Governments have responded to the 2022 Russian invasion by committing substantial aid to Ukraine. This paper investigates this aid on a cross-national basis utilizing differences in economic, political, and geographic characteristics of donor countries. It advances the comprehension of aid allocation to Ukraine and argues that donors’ interests heavily influence bilateral aid to Ukraine. Empirically, a two-stage approach serves to identify the main determinants of aid allocation, analyzing both the initial decision to donate and the level of aid generosity. The regression analyses show that wealthier, more populous, more democratic countries as well as those who trade with Russia are more likely to support Ukraine while the impact of these factors is more nuanced when determining aid generosity. Ceteris paribus, EU and NATO members are more likely to donate and more generous in their aid efforts. The results also shed light on the complex role of former Soviet republics.
Study on the preparation of glycerylphosphorylcholine by transesterification under supported sodium methoxide
Authors: Rao Yiwen , Zhou Lele , Fan Zejing , Li Hongya , Yan Biao , Zhang Xiaoli 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC) was prepared by transesterification using supported sodium methoxide as catalyst and natural lecithin as raw material. Sodium methoxide has been proved to be an effective catalyst for the preparation of GPC, which is easy to recover and reuse. After six repeated uses, its stability is satisfactory. The effects of agitation speed, catalyst dosage, and reaction temperature on the reaction were investigated, respectively, and the optimum conditions for preparing GPC catalyzed by supported sodium methoxide were found: the concentration of phosphorylcholine was 0.1 mol·L−1, the stirring speed was 600 rpm, the amount of catalyst was 7.5 g·L−1, the reaction temperature was 45°C, and the reaction time was 4 h; then, the conversion rate of phosphatidylcholine could reach 99%. At the same time, the reaction kinetic model was established based on the mechanism of the transesterification, and the experimental data were compared with the calculated values; it was found that the experimental data fitted the model well. Finally, the reaction activation energy obtained by the Arrhenius equation is 41.6 kJ·mol−1, which indicates that the supported sodium methoxide has good catalytic performance in this reaction system.
Recent progress on non-noble metal catalysts for the deoxydehydration of biomass-derived oxygenates
Authors: Geng Xiyan , Xu Mengyu , Yang Cui , Zhang Jiaxiang , Fang Zheng , Sun Ruiyan , Guo Kai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The utilization of renewable energy represents an effective way to address current issues associated with fossil fuels. Biomass is considered one type of renewable energy resources with abundant reserves on earth. However, the high oxygen contents and high degree of functionalization of biomass have hindered the direct exploitation of biomass for the production of fuels and chemicals. Considerable efforts have been devoted to developing effective deoxygenation methods capable of reducing the oxygen contents of biomass and its derivatives. The deoxydehydration (DODH) of biomass derivatives to generate olefins over oxophilic metal catalysts is considered a very useful approach in eliminating vicinal OH groups. In recent years, catalysts based on non-noble metals such as Mo, W, and V featuring good catalytic performance have emerged as promising alternatives to classical noble Re-based catalysts for DODH. This review aims to summarize the progress on the DODH of biomass-derived vicinal diols catalyzed by non-noble metals such as Mo, W, and V, with an emphasis on the preparation of catalysts, optimization of experimental conditions, and mechanistic studies. By surveying the performance of non-noble metal catalysts, key factors that determine the DODH activity were proposed, including the choice of reductant, the electronic and steric effects of ligand, and the interaction between solid support and metal center. The latter two could adjust the redox properties of metal centers by directly bonding with ligand or solid support.
Perception of social accountability among medical students in Egypt
Authors: Amin Radwan Reham Salah , Ahmed Gehad Sabry 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective
Assessment of the perceived SA for medical students in Beni-Suef University, Egypt.

Methods
An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 6 months among medical students at faculty of medicine, Beni-Suef University through an online survey using google form. For data collection, an English validated questionnaire developed in partnership by the International Federation of Medical Students Association (IFMSA) and the Training for Health Equity Network (THEnet) was used.

Results
Students’ mean SA score was 17.3±7.1. Perceived SA scores ranged from 18 to 26 for 40.9% of participants, while 38.9% of them had scores ranging from (9-17), indicating that the faculty is doing well, However, there is a need to identify areas of weakness and advocate for strategies to improve SA among students. Furthermore, there were statistically significant differences in age, gender, residence, and academic year across students with different scores.

Conclusion
Although half of the medical students of Beni-Suef university had acceptable SA, but there are areas for improvement and weakness to fix within the faculty.
Coupled heat and mass transfer mathematical study for lubricated non-Newtonian nanomaterial conveying oblique stagnation point flow: A comparison of viscous and viscoelastic nanofluid model
Authors: Li Shuguang , Farooq Waseh , Abbasi Aamar , Khan Sami Ullah , Rafiq Maimona , Ijaz Khan Muhammad , Abdullaeva Barno Sayfutdinovna , Awwad Fuad A. , Ismail Emad A. A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The lubrication phenomenon plays a novel role in the chemical industries, manufacturing processes, extrusion systems, thermal engineering, petroleum industries, soil sciences, etc. Owing to such motivated applications, the aim of the current work is to predict the assessment of heat and mass transfer analysis for non-Newtonian nanomaterial impinging over a lubricated surface. The flow is subject to the oblique stagnation point framework. The lubricated phenomenon is observed due to viscoelastic nanofluid. The impacts of chemical reaction are also endorsed. The fundamental conservation laws are utilized to model the flow problem and similarity transformation are used to transform the governing system of partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. A thin layer of power law lubricant is used to enhance the lubrication features. The numerical object assessment regarding the simulation process is captured by implementing the Keller Box scheme. The physical characterization endorsing the thermal fluctuation with flow parameters is inspected.
Durability Properties of Ambient Cured Geopolymer Mortar Made from Rice Husk Ash–Based Alkali Activator: A Comparative Study with Conventional Alkali Activator
Authors: Das Shaswat Kumar , Nayak Manoj Kumar , Patro Sanjaya Kumar , Suda Yuya 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Geopolymers/alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are widely regarded as ecofriendly and durable alternatives to portland-based cement concrete. However, commercial alkali activators, especially the sodium silicate used to manufacture geopolymers/AAMs, are associated with a significant amount of carbon emission during their production. In this study, the feasibility of using rice husk ash (RHA) as a source for an alternative sustainable alkali activator has been explored at ambient temperature curing, and the durability properties of the geopolymer mortars (GPM) has been investigated. Three different concentrations of sodium hydroxide (SH), i.e., 20, 24, and 27 wt. % solutions, have been taken for the synthesis of RHA alkali activator used in synthesis of GPM, and another GPM with conventional alkali activator has also been synthesized for comparative study. Durability studies such as water absorption, sorptivity, sulfate resistance, and acid resistance were evaluated extensively in terms of change in weight and compressive strength. The experimental results revealed that the GPM made with 24 wt. % SH-RHA–based activator solution (R24) has optimal performance considering all the durability parameters and has a close correlation to the results obtained for the control GPM made with conventional alkali activator (C24). The microstructural studies further revealed that the gel structure of the R24 is compact and homogeneous, similar to that of C24; however, the former has a N-A-S-H–dominated gel matrix and the latter consists of N-(C)-A-S-H–type gels.
The effects of ammonium loading rates and salinity on ammonium treatment of wastewater from super-intensive shrimp farming
Authors: Tran Manh Hai  , Nguyen Thanh Tung  , Nguyen Trieu Duong  , Nguyen Cam Tu  , Nguyen Truong Quan  , Nguyen Hoai Chau  
Published: December 2023

Treatment of wastewater from super-intensive shrimp farming (SISF) for discharge or recirculation purposes is currently attracting the attention of managers and researchers. The fixed bed biofilm reactor (FBBR) has been successfully used for biological treatment of drinking water as well as for wastewater treatment in aquaculture farm. Ammonium and salinity are important factors affecting the efficiency of pollutants treatment. This paper presents the results of research on ammonium treatment in super-intensive shrimp wastewater by aerobic microbiological process using FBBRs. The results showed that at ammonium loading rates of 0.014; 0.028; 0.049 and 0.070 kg/m3/d, at salinity of 10‰, the ammonium removal efficiencies were 98 - 99; 97.7 - 98.8; 96.8 – 98.7 and 95.7 – 98.0 percent respectively (ammonium concentrations in effluent were 0.05 – 0.1; 0.12 – 0.23; 0.23 – 0.56 and 0.51 – 1.07 mgN/l, respectively), at salinity of 15‰, the ammonium removal efficiencies were 95.8-96.0, 94.5-92.0, 93.1-92.3 and 66.8-68.8 percent respectively (ammonium in effluent were 0.20 – 0.21; 0.55 – 0.8; 1.20 – 1.35 and 7.8 – 8.3 mgN/l, respectively), at salinity of 20‰, the ammonium removal efficiencies were 92.0-96.0, 87.0-89.0, 69.1-70.9 and 59.6-66.0 percent respectively (ammonium in effluent were 0.2 – 0.4; 1.1 – 1.3; 5.1 – 5.4 and 8.5 – 10.1 mgN/l, respectively). This result showed that the influence of ammonium loading and salinity on ammonium treatment efficiency was very significant.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in paddy soil around Nam Son landfill area, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
Authors: Nguyen Thuy Ngoc  , Truong Thi Kim  , Nguyen Thi Quynh  , Phung Thi Vi  , Pham Hung Viet  , Duong Hong Anh  
Published: December 2023

The paddy soils were collected in the rice growing fields and the uncultivated lands around the Nam Son domestic waste landfill in Hanoi. The average concentration of 16 US EPA priority PAHs in dry soil was 61.61 ng/g, with a range of 22.15-115.1 ng/g. The higher levels of PAHs in soil samples were observed in cultivated paddy fields near the landfill in comparison with the fields far from the landfill. On the other hand, there was no difference in PAHs levels in cultivated paddy fields near the landfill and along the irrigation water canal. Concentrations of 16 PAHs in paddy soils decreased in the order: 5 rings > 3 rings > 4 rings > 2 rings > 6 rings in this area. The PAH isomeric diagnostic ratios including Fluth/(Fluth+Pyr) ratio (Ave 0.43, a range of 0.17-0.61), BaA/(BaA+Chr) ratio (Ave 0.51, a range of 0.26-0.63), IcdP/(IcdP+BghiP) ratio (Ave 0.71, a range of 0.51-0.90) indicated that the potential main sources emitted PAHs in paddy soils from pyrogenic biomass combustion and coal burning. Compared with the risk threshold causing adverse impacts on the ecological environment from different countries in the world, concentrations of PAHs in the soil surrounding the Nam Son landfill area were still below the affected limit. However, environmental quality around the landfill area still needs to be regularly monitored to take timely measures to protect the environment in this area.
Educação Física no Ensino Médio Integrado dos Institutos Federais
Authors: Dos Santos Monteiro Jorge Corrêa Cynthia Roberta , Lima Andreza Maria 
Published: December 2023

Neste artigo, analisamos a produção científica sobre a Educação Física Escolar (EFE) no Ensino Médio Integrado (EMI) dos Institutos Federais (IFs) na Pós-Graduação brasileira no período de 2017-2022. A pesquisa é qualitativa do tipo “Estado da Arte”. Para o levantamento dos trabalhos, utilizamos a plataforma Sucupira da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior e o sítio do Observatório do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (ProfEPT). Os descritores utilizados em ambas as plataformas foram: “Educação Física” e “Ensino Médio Integrado”. O critério de seleção dos trabalhos foi apresentar no título dos referidos descritores. Os trabalhos localizados foram lidos na íntegra. Para a análise, utilizamos a Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Categorial Temática. Localizamos dez dissertações e duas teses. Das dez dissertações, sete foram desenvolvidas em mestrados profissionais. Os resultados apresentados nos trabalhos evidenciaram as necessidades e os desafios que precisam ser superados pela EFE como componente curricular do EMI nos IFs. As pesquisas mostraram que, mesmo submetidos ao projeto do EMI dos IFs, ainda há hegemonia de projetos educacionais vinculados aos aspectos tradicionais da EFE.
Diagnostic and therapeutical approaches to H3K27M-altered diffuse midline glioma in children: a review
Authors: Morgacheva D. A. , Sitovskaia D. A. , Dinikina Yu. V. 
Published: December 2023

H3K27M-altered diffuse midline gliomas are the most devastating pediatric brain tumors. These tumors are characterized by lesion of central nervous system midline structures, diffuse infiltrative growth and fatal prognosis. The pathogenesis of H3K27M-altered diffuse midline glioma is based on unique epigenetic and genetic changes which are associated with histone 3 (H3) alterations. Clinical disease course usually is non-specific, that could hamper diagnosis establishment and defines high prevalence of disseminated tumor stages. Diagnostic approach includes neuroimaging, various laboratory and molecular methods, including high throughput sequencing, which allows finding potential targets for precise therapy. Despite the availability of anti-tumor technologies, including targeted therapy and immunotherapy, the standard of care for H3K27M-altered diffuse midline glioma is radiation therapy, which does not allow achieving long-term event-free survival. A dismal prognosis and absence of curative options for these tumors determine the necessity of new treatment methods search that could improve patients’ outcome. In this article we present current worldwide data of the diagnosis and treatment trends in H3K27M-altered diffuse midline glioma.
Perspectives for next generation sequencing in patients with follicular lymphoma
Authors: Kunevich E. O. , Martynkevich I. S. , Mikhaleva M. A. , Bogdanov А. N. , Motyko E. V. , Kuvshinov A. Yu. , Sidorkevich S. V. , Voloshin S. V. 
Published: December 2023

Aim. To study the prognostic significance of gene mutations and intracellular signaling pathways involved in lymphomagenesis in patients with follicular lymphoma using next generation sequencing (NGS).Materials and methods. The prospective study included 26 patients with a median age of 51.5 years. Mutational screening was performed for cohort using custom NGS Panel of 118 genes. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed using Metascape. The data was analyzed in SPSS Statistics 26 and R 4.2.2.Results. The highest mutation frequency was noted in the genes: KMT2C – 50 %, KMT2D – 50 %, CREBBP – 31 %, NOTCH2 – 31 %, GNAS – 23 %. Missense mutations occurred with a frequency of 84.3 %. ARID1A gene mutation is an unfavorable prognostic factor according to progressive-free (p = 0.014) and event-free (p = 0.029) survival analysis. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) was defined as the number of mutations per megabase (Mb) of the coding sequence, the median TMB was 5.0 (3.3–8.3) mutations/Mb. The TMB threshold of 6 mutations/Mb divided patients into groups with high (44 %) and low (56 %) TMB. In the high TMB group, 2-year event-free survival was 27.3 % (95 % confidence interval 6.0–61.0), which was significantly lower than in low TMB group – 72.7 % (95 % confidence interval 41.9–91.6; p = 0.037). The most enriched cellular pathways according to GSEA results were regulation of cell activation (–log10(q-value) = 6.357), chromatin remodeling (–log10(q-value) = 5.707), histone modification (–log10(q-value) = 4.569). We have also demonstrated other possibilities of GSEA using follicular lymphoma as an example.Conclusion. TMB is a significant prognostic factor in patients with follicular lymphoma. We have shown that mutations in the MYC, CREBBP, EZH2, KMT2D genes lead to dysregulation in several intracellular processes, mediating complex molecular changes. The most enriched intracellular pathways in follicular lymphoma are those of chromatin remodeling, regulation of cell activation and histone modification.
Targeted therapy for advanced forms of systemic mastocytosis in real clinical practice
Authors: Shikhbabaeva D. I. , Vinogradova O. Yu. , Neverova A. L. , Pankrashkina M. M. , Chernikov M. V. , Detkina E. O. , Kobzev Yu. N. , Malakho S. G. , Ptushkin V. V. 
Published: December 2023

Background. Mastocytosis is a heterogeneous group of diseases that are characterized by excessive proliferation and accumulation of clonal (neoplastic) mast cells in one or more organs. Advanced variants of systemic mastocytosis (aggressive systemic mastocytosis, systemic mastocytosis associated with hematological neoplasm, and mast cell leukemia) are characterized by infiltration of organs by mast cells, which leads to organs dysfunction. Such patients require a more active approach and the use of cytoreductive therapy. Available therapeutic options include imatinib, interferon-alpha, cladribine. Only one of the targeted drugs is registered in Russia – midostaurin. Midostaurin is a potent multikinase inhibitor that is active against KIT regardless of mutation status. Midostaurin has shown its effectiveness in clinical trials, however, we know that data from real clinical practice often differ from clinical studies due to the characteristics of patients (preserved comorbid status, stable disease parameters) traditionally included in clinical trials.Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of midostaurin in patients with advanced variants of systemic mastocytosis in real clinical practice.Materials and methods. This work analyzed 13 patients (7 (54 %) men and 6 (46 %) women) who received midostaurin therapy for systemic mastocytosis (aggressive systemic mastocytosis – 9 (69 %), systemic mastocytosis associated with a hematological neoplasm – 4 (31 %)). The median age of patients when the diagnosis was verified was 73 (61–87) years, the median age when midostaurin was prescribed was 74 (61–88) years. According to the International prognostic scoring system for mastocytosis (IPSM) based on clinical variables, patients are classified as follows groups: SM1 – 1 (8 %) patient, SM2 – 3 (23 %), SM3 – 8 (61 %), SM4 – 1 (8 %).Results. As a result of therapy, clinical improvement was achieved in 10 (77 %) patients, and stabilization in 3 (23 %) patients. During midostaurin therapy, grade I–II adverse events were noted from the gastrointestinal tract: nausea in 5 patients (38 %), vomiting in 2 (15 %), diarrhea in 6 (46 %). Hematological toxicity of grade I–II was also observed: anemia in 6 (46 %) patients, thrombocytopenia in 5 (38 %) patients. The median overall survival in the group was not achieved. The 2-year overall survival rate was 75 %.Conclusion. The study results suggest the potential efficacy and safety of midostaurin in patients with aggressive systemic mastocytosis and systemic mastocytosis associated with hematological malignancies.
ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS E QUÍMICOS DE UM LATOSSOLO SUBMETIDO A FONTES E DOSES DE RESÍDUOS AGROINDUSTRIAIS
Authors: Jardini Debora Curado , Amorim Ricardo Santos Silva , Weber Oscarlina Lúcia dos Santos , Bocuti Edwaldo Dias 
Published: December 2023

Os resíduos orgânicos provenientes de subprodutos da agroindústria possuem efetiva capacidade de melhorias dos atributos físicos, químicos e biológicos dos solos, e desta forma, com reflexo na estabilidade e produtividade dos sistemas agrícolas. Diante disso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar atributos físicos e químicos de um Latossolo VermelhoAmarelo de textura argilosa cultivado com soja e milho em sucessão após cinco anos da aplicação de resíduos agroindustriais. O experimento teve início em 2012, no qual fez-se a aplicação de três resíduos (torta de filtro de cana, serragem de madeira de peroba e cedrinho e, serragem de eucalipto), em três doses, 6, 12 e 18 t ha-1, em dois sistemas de manejo (com e sem incorporação dos resíduos), com três repetições e duas testemunhas (sem aplicação do resíduo com e sem revolvimento do solo). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas, sendo os manejos as parcelas e os resíduos e doses as subparcelas. Cinco anos após a aplicação dos resíduos foram avaliados os atributos físicos e químicos do solo na camada de 0 a 20 cm. Os resultados demonstram que os atributos físicos (macroporosidade, microporosidade, densidade do solo, umidade do solo equivalente a capacidade de campo, capacidade de água disponível, índice S) e químico (carbono total) foram alterados somente pelo manejo do solo. O revolvimento do solo com a incorporação de resíduos de alta relação C/N e de baixa degradabilidade pode aumentar o teor de carbono a longo prazo e, portanto, melhorar os atributos físicos do solo.
Palavras-chave: Manejo do solo; Matéria orgânica; Relação carbono/nitrogênio.