bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic Complexity and Sectoral Performance in Africa: The Role of Economic Governance Institutions
Authors: Ogbuabor Jonathan Emenike , Agu Christian , Onah Benjamin Udoka , Urama Chinasa E. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn line with earlier research on economic development, which viewed development as a process of structural modification of the productive structure, this study concentrates on economic complexity and its role in the developmental process. We studied how economic complexity and economic governance institutions affect sectoral performance in Africa, and how economic governance institutions are moderating the economic complexity‐sectoral performance nexus in the region. The study covered a sample of 30 African countries over the period 2010–2021, and used both the dynamic system GMM and the Driscoll and Kraay (1998) standard errors fixed effect estimation techniques. We find that economic complexity and economic governance institutions individually have negative unconditional effects on the agricultural, manufacturing, and services sectors in Africa. We also find that economic governance institutions on the continent failed to moderate the adverse effect of economic complexity on sectoral performance. These findings indicate that the low level of economic complexity in African economies and the weak governance institutions that have plagued the continent have both contributed to its poor sectoral performance. In line with these findings, we provided policy recommendations, which emphasized the need for economic diversification and governance institutional reform in Africa.
A Redox‐Active Copper Complex for Orthogonal Detection of Homocysteine Involving Fluorescence and Electrochemical Techniques
Authors: Debnath Snehasish , Paramasivam Sriraja Subhasri , Pradhan Debjani , Manickam Pandiaraj , Chatterjee Pabitra B. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe present work reports the synthesis, characterization, and excited state photo‐physical studies of two copper(II) compounds, 1 & 2, which show interference‐free emission with homocysteine (Hcy). Cu(II) complexes offer an orthogonal detection strategy involving fluorescence and electrochemical methods, paving the way for improved point‐of‐care diagnostics and early cardiovascular diseases intervention. The reduction‐induced emission enhancement (RIEE) of Cu complexes facilitates the fluorescence measurement of Hcy at physiological pH. The fluorogenic redox‐active 1 and 2 are deposited onto gold electrode surfaces to construct the electrochemical sensors 1@Au and 2@Au, respectively. Under specific alkaline conditions, a distinct and selective redox peak at 0.6 V (vs Ag/AgCl) emerges for 1@Au upon interaction with homocysteine. Further, square wave voltammetry confirms the non‐interference of its congener (cysteine) even at high concentrations (200 µM) while detecting Hcy (5–100 µM), demonstrating its potential for real‐world applications. The fabricated 1@Au exhibits excellent sensitivity of 31.88 µA/µM, with an impressive detection limit of 2.26 nM, and a limit of quantification of 6.85 nM toward Hcy. The analytical applicability of the 1@Au is validated by quantifying Hcy levels in human blood plasma samples. The results highlighted the feasibility of the proposed technique as a rapid and portable monitoring of Hcy in diagnosing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
An In Vivo Biostability Evaluation of ALD and Parylene‐ALD Multilayers as Micro‐Packaging Solutions for Small Single‐Chip Implants
Authors: Nanbakhsh Kambiz , Van Gompel Matthias , Ritasalo Riina , Gollhardt Astrid , Horváth Domonkos , Tóth Kinga , Meszéna Domokos , Ulbert István , Serdijn Wouter , Giagka Vasiliki 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMiniaturization of next‐generation active neural implants requires novel micro‐packaging solutions that can maintain their long‐term coating performance in the body. This work presents two thin‐film coatings and evaluates their biostability and in vivo performance over a 7‐month animal study. To evaluate the coatings on representative surfaces, two silicon microchips with different surface microtopography are used. Microchips are coated with either a ≈100 nm thick inorganic hafnium‐based multilayer deposited via atomic layer deposition (ALD‐ML), or a ≈6 µm thick hybrid organic–inorganic Parylene C and titanium‐based ALD multilayer stack (ParC‐ALD‐ML). After 7 months of direct exposure to the body environment, the multilayer coatings are evaluated using optical and cross‐sectional scanning electron microscopy. Time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) is also used to evaluate the chemical stability and barrier performance of the layers after long‐term exposure to body media. Results showed the excellent biostability of the 100 nm ALD‐ML coating with no ionic penetration within the layer. For the ParC‐ALD‐ML, concurrent surface degradation and ion ingress are detected within the top ≈70 nm of the outer Parylene C layer. The results and evaluation techniques presented here can enable future material selection, packaging, and analysis, enhancing the functional stability of future chip‐embedded neural implants.
Enhanced Mechanical Properties in Bulk Nanograined Ni with High‐Density Fivefold Twins
Authors: Wang Yujue , Zhou Xin , Lu Yang , Li Xiuyan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFivefold twins are extensively present in nanoparticles and nanowires, enhancing their performance in physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. However, a deep insight into the correlation between mechanical properties and fivefold twins in bulk nanograined materials is lacking due to synthesis difficulties. Here, a bulk fivefold‐twinned nanograined Ni is synthesized via electrodeposition. The fivefold‐twinned nanograins typically feature decahedral and icosahedral shapes similar to fivefold‐twinned particles. The material exhibits a yield strength of ≈1.7 GPa under both compression and tension. Tensile samples achieve an ultimate strength of 2.15 GPa with 15% elongation to failure. The plastic deformation is accommodated by partial dislocation sliding on twin boundaries, splitting fivefold twins, and abnormally refining grains. The size dependence of nucleation stress for partial dislocation is responsible for strengthening and strain hardening. The results showcase the potential of incorporating fivefold twins into bulk nanocrystalline materials to tailor mechanical properties and applications across diverse fields.
Integration of Asymmetric Multi‐Path Hollow Structure and Multiple Heterogeneous Interfaces in Fe3O4@C@NiO Nanoprisms Enabling Ultra‐Low and Broadband Absorption
Authors: Wang Xiangyu , Zhu Hongsong , Cao Boyuan , Qu Jingjing , Yan Pengfei , Liu Tong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA reasonable construction of hollow structures to obtain high‐performance absorbers is widely studied, but it is still a challenge to select suitable materials to improve the low‐frequency attenuation performance. Here, the Fe3O4@C@NiO nanoprisms with unique tip shapes, asymmetric multi‐path hollow cavity, and core–shell heteroepitaxy structure are designed and synthesized based on anisotropy and intrinsic physical characteristics. Impressively, by changing the load of NiO, the composites achieve strong absorption, broadband, low‐frequency absorption: the reflection loss of −55.8 dB and the absorption bandwidth of 9.9 GHz covers both low and high frequency (2.9–6.1 and 11.3–18 GHz). The constructed anisotropic hollow and heterointerface nanoprisms can optimize impedance matching for low‐frequency absorption (3.8–7.9 GHz) almost completely covering the 5G band. Especially, the influence of hollow path on the interface polarization and ferromagnetic coupling behavior is revealed through the simulation of electric and magnetic field distribution using the High‐Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). In addition, HFSS simulation shows that the Radar Cross‐Sectional (RCS) value of the absorber at any angle is <−10 dB m2, which meets the complex requirements in practical application. This research paves a new way for the development of efficient low‐frequency absorbers based on composition and structure design.
NanoTrackThera Platform for Real‐Time, In Situ Monitoring of Tumor Immunotherapy and Photothermal Synergistic Efficacy
Authors: Chang Zixuan , Wang Keyi , Fang Zixian , Tang Yue , Gao Xiaonan , Tang Bo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, posing a significant threat to human health. Although immunotherapy has shown promise in cancer treatment, its efficacy is often compromised by tumor immune evasion, which hinders treatment outcomes. Therefore, combining immunotherapy with other therapeutic approaches to enhance its effectiveness has become an increasingly accepted strategy in clinical practice. In response to this need, a nanotechnology‐based platform, NanoTrackThera (NTT), which enables both combination therapy and real‐time efficacy diagnosis, is developed. Using nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as a model, the NTT platform integrates immunotherapy and photothermal therapy (PTT) to enhance the activity of natural killer (NK) cells, employ immune checkpoint inhibitors, and leverage the heat generation from self‐assembled nanoparticles under near‐infrared (NIR) irradiation to directly kill cancer cells. Simultaneously, the nanoplatform incorporates dual detection capabilities through fluorescence imaging and photoacoustic imaging. With these multimodal imaging techniques, the platform can achieve real‐time, in situ, tracking of tumor biomarker changes during treatment, providing precise feedback on the efficacy of the combined immunotherapy and photothermal therapy. The NTT platform significantly enhances therapeutic efficacy while enabling real‐time monitoring of dynamic changes in key tumor biomarkers, providing a solution for personalized and adaptive precision therapy.
Diatomite‐Based Hybrid Electrolyte for Improving Reversibility of Cathode/Anode Interface Reaction in Zn‐MnO2 Batteries
Authors: Wu Xiaoyu , Hu Yida , Li Hailong , Xiao Wenjie , Fang Jiashu , Liang Juanjia , Chen Jinghua , Liang Shuquan , Liu Sainan , Fang Guozhao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe cyclic stability of aqueous zinc‐manganese batteries (ZMBs) is greatly restricted by the side reaction of the anode and the irreversibility of the cathode. In this work, a solid‐liquid hybrid electrolyte mixing by traditional ZnSO4‐based electrolyte and diatomite (denoted as Dtm) is proposed that exhibits good compatibility and reversibility in both the anode interface and the cathode interface. The abundant hydroxyl groups at the anode interface disturb the hydrogen bond network of water molecule, which weakens the corrosion of the active water to Zn anode. Moreover, the negatively charged surface of diatomite is able to regulate the electric field at the anode interface to promote the uniform deposition of Zn ion as well as inhibit the formation of Zn hydroxyl sulfate (ZHS) at the anode interface. As a result, Zn||Zn symmetric battery with Dtm achieves a stable cycling for 2500 h at 1 mA cm−2/1 mAh cm−2, while Zn||MnO2 battery can achieve a stable cycle time of 500 cycles at current densities of 0.2 and 0.5 A g−1 with capacities of 228 and 177.6 mAh g−1, respectively. The Dtm provides new ideas for electrolyte screening for high‐performance aqueous ZMBs.
Breiteres Anwendungsspektrum mit überarbeiteter DIN 18008
Authors: Siebert Geralt 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDIN 18008 als nationale Norm für Bemessung und Konstruktion von Glaskonstruktionen wurde als Weißdruck erstmals 2010 und 2013 veröffentlicht; die turnusgemäße Überarbeitung dauerte länger als erwartet, da jeweils mehrere größere Modifikationen vorgeschlagen wurden. Teil 1 (Bemessungsgrundlagen) und Teil 2 (Linienförmig gelagerte Verglasungen) wurden in der überarbeiteten Fassung schließlich 2020 veröffentlicht, kürzlich folgten die Endfassungen des überarbeiteten Teils 3 (Punktförmig gelagerte Verglasungen), Teils 4 (Absturzsichernde Verglasungen) und Teils 5 (Begehbare Verglasungen) mit Datum Dezember 2024. Die Überarbeitung gründet sich auf Erfahrungen aus der praktischen Anwendung und setzt zwischenzeitliche Forschungsaktivitäten für die Praxis um; auch die Entwicklungen der europäischen Normungsarbeit für Eurocode 10 Design of Glass Structures sind berücksichtigt. Der Beitrag zeigt die Weiterentwicklungen auf, wie z. B. die Reduzierung des Sicherheitsniveaus für ausgewählte Anwendungen mit niedrigeren Schadensfolgeklassen, die Ausweitungen der Regelungen und Hilfsmittel für flächenbündige konische Punkthalterungen, sowie für absturzsichernde Verglasungen das überarbeitete Konzept der Klassifizierung und die neu entwickelten Flussdiagramme für die Darstellung der Bemessung in verschiedenen Szenarien. Insgesamt wird der Anwendungsbereich der Bemessungsnorm erweitert, es können eine größere Vielfalt wie auch wirtschaftlichere Glaskonstruktionen normgerecht realisiert werden.
Zirconium dioxide reinforced aluminum alloy: Microstructure and mechanical characteristics
Authors: Zouli Nasser , Kuku Mohammed , Maslamani Nujud , Moafa Hassan N. , Hassan Mohamed , Eldoma Mubarak A. , Alomar Mohammad S. , Adam Abdel Samed M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAluminum‐based composites reinforced with ceramics are intriguing subjects for both industry and research. Aluminum metal matrix composites (Al‐MMCs) are constantly ready to create new, unique property combinations that are appropriate for high‐performance applications. This work involves using a modified stir casting technique (semi‐solid‐state route) to prepare ZrO2/Al5052 composites. Aluminum alloy (Al5052) is melted in an electric furnace and then cooled slowly to a semi‐solid temperature. At this stage, pretreated ZrO2 powders are added during the rotation of the stir to enhance the incorporation and distribution. Microstructure characterization of casted alloy and composites was executed by using optical microscopy and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Tensile and microhardness tests examined the influence of zirconium dioxide on mechanical characteristics. Microstructure analysis and XRD patterns demonstrated the successful fabrication of Al‐MMCs with a uniform distribution of ZrO2 particles. The results reveal that both strength and hardness enhanced as increasing the percentage of ZrO2 particles. The maximum value for both hardness and tensile strength was accomplished in composites reinforced with 12% zirconium dioxide, which increased by 27.5% and 45.7%, respectively, over the base alloy.
Neutrophilic polyarthritis associated with Staphylococcus coagulans bacteraemia in a dog
Authors: Javeed Nadia N. , Woerde Dennis J. , Cosaro Emma C. , Sykes Jane E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractStaphylococcus coagulans (formerly Staphylococcus schleiferi subsp. coagulans) is a common opportunistic pathogen of dogs that has generally been associated with superficial infections of the skin and ear canals. Here, we describe isolation of S. coagulans from blood and urine of an 8‐year‐old German Shepherd dog that was evaluated for progressive shifting‐limb lameness, anorexia and lethargy. Cytologic analysis of synovial fluid from multiple joints revealed large numbers of non‐degenerate neutrophils, which is consistent with neutrophilic polyarthritis. To the authors’ knowledge this is the first report of S. coagulans bacteraemia in a dog.
Surgical outcomes of parathyroidectomy for pre‐kidney transplantation versus post‐kidney transplantation patients
Authors: Foote Darci C. , Zhao Xue , You Bin , Done Joy Z. , Weller Jennine , Stemme Rachel , Moreno Natalie , Morris‐Wiseman Lilah F. , Mathur Aarti 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundHyperparathyroidism (HPT) is common in end‐stage kidney disease and resolves in less than half of kidney transplant (KT) recipients. The ideal timing of parathyroidectomy (PTX), before or after KT, remains unclear. We sought to understand differences in morbidity and mortality after PTX pre‐KT and post‐KT.MethodsWe identified adult patients who underwent PTX pre‐KT or post‐KT between 2012 and 2021 utilizing the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Demographics, clinical characteristics, morbidity, and mortality were compared. Adjusted logistic regression with propensity score weighting assessed odds of 30‐day composite morbidity, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), readmission, and mortality.ResultsWe identified 1972 patients who underwent PTX pre‐KT and 541 patients who underwent PTX post‐KT. Post‐KT HPT patients were older (mean age 53.9 v 48.2 and p < 0.01) and more commonly White (45.3% v 32.3% and p < 0.01) and diabetic (30.0% v 18.5% and p < 0.01). In comparison, pre‐KT HPT patients were more commonly Black (53.2% v 30.1%), had American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class 3–4 (98.0% v 89.6% and p < 0.01), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (4.2% v 1.5% and p < 0.01), and congestive heart failure (4.4% v 1.1% and p < 0.01). After adjusting for confounders, patients pre‐KT had 1.72‐fold increased odds of morbidity (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13–2.61), 8.39‐fold increased odds of MACE (95% CI: 1.13–62.18), and 2.07‐fold increased odds of readmission (95% CI: 1.38–3.10). There was no difference in mortality or risk of infections.ConclusionsPatients who underwent PTX prior to KT were at significantly increased risk for 30‐day morbidity and MACE, but no different odds of mortality compared to PTX after KT. This can help inform decision‐making regarding timing of PTX in patients with HPT.
Scalable Data Management on Next-Generation Data Center Networks
Authors: Jasny Matthias , Ziegler Tobias , Binnig Carsten 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The landscape of distributed Database Management Systems (DBMSs) has been fundamentally transformed by advancements in data center network technologies. Traditionally, these systems were designed to minimize network communication, which was perceived as a significant bottleneck. However, with the advent of high-speed networks and technologies such as Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA), this perception is changing. RDMA allows direct memory access to remote machines at speeds comparable to local memory access, challenging the long-standing belief that network communication is inherently slow. This chapter explores how the evolution of data center networks, mainly through RDMA, has enabled new designs for disaggregated databases. Moreover, the chapter delves into programmable networks as a solution beyond RDMA. In particular, this chapter provides an overview of RDMA and programmable networks and introduces novel ideas for optimizing databases in disaggregated setups using RDMA. Furthermore, two approaches are highlighted that leverage programmable networks in addition to RDMA to improve the efficiency of disaggregated databases even further: P4DB, which leverages programmable data planes for in-network OLTP processing, and zero-sided RDMA, a network-driven data shuffling method that enhances communication efficiency between heterogeneous accelerators. By showcasing these advancements, we demonstrate how database systems can utilize specialized networking hardware to achieve unprecedented performance levels. The chapter concludes with a summary and discussion of future research directions in the field of data center network technologies and their impact on distributed DBMSs.
Research on Transmission Error of Double Lead Involute Worm and Worm Gear Pair Considering Thermal Deformation
Authors: Ling He , Yuan Zhaoxing , Jin Kairui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Based on the principle of double-lead worm gear meshing and the machining principle of double-lead involute worm gear, the tooth equation and mathematical equation of involute double-lead worm gear are established, in order to study the situation of double-lead worm gear under sunshine, thermal deformation error is introduced to establish a transmission error model about thermal deformation, and the effect of different temperatures on the double-lead involute worm gear transmission error is analyzed by ADAMS simulation, the results show that the average and maximum values of transmission error of double-lead involute worm gear increase with the decrease of temperature, and the mean square error of transmission error shows a slight increase with the increase of temperature. The results show that the mean and maximum values of the transmission error of the double-lead involute worm gear increase with the decrease of temperature, and the mean square deviation of the transmission error shows a slightly increasing trend with the increase of temperature.
Cepstrum-Guided Empirical Wavelet Transform and Bearing Fault Feature Extraction
Authors: Zhang Yihan , Li Junda , Cheng Cheng , Zhong Zhicong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As a traditional frequency domain modal decomposition method, the empirical wavelet transform has complete theoretical support and excellent adaptability. For signals with high sampling frequency and strong noise, the empirical wavelet transform will obtain unexplained components and mode aliasing. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes an optimized empirical wavelet transform method based on Cepstrum guidance. The trend spectrum is obtained through cepstral editing, which is considered to be related to the information. The minimum of the trend spectrum is defined as the boundary between modes. Filter banks are constructed based on the scaling function and empirical wavelet to extract different modal components. Finally, the unbiased autocorrelation kurtosis of each component is calculated to screen fault information. The method is verified to be effective through simulation signals and bearing experimental signals.
Optimization and Combination Design of Spray Heads Based on Artificial Intelligence Rain System Test Platform
Authors: Sun Jian , Lin Hongxin , Xu Hangtian , Zhang Changwei , An Zhenyu , Yi Yunshan , Wang Pan , Liu Dongjie , Wang Lili , Cao Yang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The system is based on the design of an artificial intelligence rainfall system testing platform, which combines mechanical calculations, fluid dynamics analysis, and simulation analysis to achieve simulation demonstrations of rainfall processes in different time and space in independent areas. Combined with mathematical modeling and simulation of nozzle combination methods, the optimal results of nozzle combination are obtained, and an efficient artificial intelligence sprinkler system testing platform is constructed.