bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-surgical thyroid bed myofibroma simulating a recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Park Jun Hyeon , Yi Kyung Sik , Choi Chi-Hoon , Kim Yook , Lee Jisun , Park Yeongtae , Lee Ok-Jun 
Published: January 2024

Rationale:
Myofibromas are rare benign spindle cell tumors of the soft tissue, bone, or internal organs that occur at any age. Here, we report a post-surgical thyroid bed myofibroma that mimicked a papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Patient concerns:
A 56-year-old male presented with a mass in the thyroid surgical bed, detected 3 years post thyroidectomy following papillary carcinoma.

Diagnosis:
Thyroid ultrasonography revealed a well-defined, lobulated, hypoechoic, solid nodule, with large rod-like echogenic foci in the thyroid surgical bed. The development of a postoperative suture granuloma was considered. However, ultrasonography performed 12 months later showed a marked increase in the lesion size. Two fine needle aspiration cytology yielded nondiagnostic results.

Intervention:
Considering the possibility of local tumor recurrence, surgical resection was performed.

Outcome:
The diagnosis of a myofibroma was confirmed, and no additional treatment was administered.

Lessons:
It is challenging to differentiate lesions occurring on the thyroid surgical bed after surgery, from recurrent thyroid cancer. A lesion measuring 6 mm, with a degree of punctate echogenicity, suggests tumor recurrence. Moreover, myofibromas are extremely rare. This case highlights that it is advisable to perform a core needle biopsy in cases of nondiagnostic fine needle aspiration results.
Anesthetic management of patients with difficult intubation due to temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis: A case report
Authors: Rao Changle , Huang Guihua , Mu Fangfang , Tan Zhengquan , Yuan Jie 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) affects 8% to 16% of the global population, yet TMJOA remains relatively underappreciated clinically. To anesthesiologists, who is concerned about patient safety, adequate preoperative evaluation and preparation, as well as individualized anesthetic management of patients, are necessary. Therefore, the anesthesiologist should be alert for difficult airways due to TMJOA, have a full and comprehensive understanding of the disease, and possess the appropriate expertise for difficult airway intubation.

Case presentation:
A 52-year-old female patient was scheduled for laparoscopic operation of uterine adnexa under general anesthesia. The patient preoperative evaluation showed only 1 finger width of mouth opening, and the computed tomography scan showed bilateral temporomandibular arthritis, which was evident on the right side. Intraoperatively, the expected airway difficulties occurred, and the anesthesiologist opted to use lightwand intubation, which was ultimately successful in 1 pass without any complications.

Conclusion:
Intubation using a lightwand for patients with difficult intubation due to TMJOA is a very effective intubation modality.
Chinese expert consensus on prevention and treatment of delayed nausea and vomiting (2022 Edition)
Authors: Yuan Xiang-Lin ,   Committee of Neoplastic Supportive-Care (CONS)
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Nausea and vomiting are common adverse reactions of antitumor therapy, among which chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) has been studied most intensively. Because of insufficient prevention or insufficient attention, CINV brings a series of harms to cancer patients and even lead to the delay or termination of antitumor therapy. Delayed CINV is often underestimated because it mostly occurs outside the hospital, and patients cannot report it immediately. In recent years, the proportion of outpatient chemotherapy and day-time chemotherapy patients in China has increased year by year. Therefore, the prevention of delayed CINV is particularly important. Currently, the challenges faced by delayed CINV include the need to deeply explore its physiological and pathological mechanisms, improve its risk assessment standards, and optimize its prevention programs. However, there is still lack of practice guidelines or consensus on delayed CINV. Therefore, the Committee of Neoplastic Supportive-Care of China Anti-Cancer Association organized multidisciplinary experts in this field to formulate this consensus based on the analysis and discussion of current evidence-based medical research in combination with clinical problems that need to be solved urgently.
Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of metanephric adenoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Han-Xiang , Wang Dan , Xi Ying-Tong , Zhou Lin-Yan , Shen Rui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the gray-scale ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features of metanephric adenoma (MA) to improve our understanding and diagnostic accuracy.

Methods
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound findings and clinical data of a patient with MA are reported.

Results
The possibility of renal malignancy was considered after CEUS and computed tomography. A left renal nephron-sparing operation was performed using an endoscope, and MA was confirmed via surgical pathology.

Conclusion
Preoperative diagnosis of MA is difficult because of atypical imaging findings. The possibility of MA should be considered when a renal mass is found, and CEUS shows a “slow-in, fast-out” enhancement pattern.
Recent advances in conversion therapy schemes for stage IV gastric cancer
Authors: Liu Shuai , Zhang Kai , Luan Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
“Conversion therapy” is a treatment modality that involves the use of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and other therapeutic methods to transform initially late-stage tumors that cannot be cured into treatments that can achieve an R0 curative effect. However, selecting an appropriate conversion therapy scheme remains a challenge, and there are currently few relevant studies on this topic. This article reviews successful cases of conversion therapy and clinical studies on treatment schemes, at domestic and international levels, over the past few years to offer a broad range of treatment options for patients.
Do Not Turn a Blind Eye on Forensic Biochemistry
Authors: Auen Thomas , Linde Erin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In both medical and forensic autopsy, the kidneys may be overlooked grossly and histologically. As both acute and chronic kidney dysfunction have major implications on morbidity and mortality, it is essential to consider the kidneys as a pathologic source for both immediate and proximate cause of death. For decades, vitreous humor has been used as a measure of postmortem electrolyte analysis to help understand ionic disturbances carried over from the antemortem period. Renal insufficiency from both acute and chronic kidney dysfunction can be ascertained from vitreous investigations and should be a consideration for cause of death. Here, we present 4 cases in which vitreous analysis was used to determine the cause of death. In highlighting these cases, we support the use of biochemical testing in autopsy while demonstrating how it can help elucidate an often overlooked means of mortality. Importantly, it can help with the formulation of clinicopathologic correlations between antemortem and postmortem findings.
Association of chronotropic incompetence with reduced cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults with HIV
Authors: Oursler Krisann K. , Briggs Brandon C. , Lozano Alicia J. , Harris Nadine M. , Parashar Amitabh , Ryan Alice S. , Marconi Vincent C. ,   for the FIT VET Project Team∗
Published: January 2024

Objective:
Understanding the physiological drivers of reduced cardiorespiratory fitness in people with HIV (PWH) will inform strategies to optimize healthspan. Chronotropic incompetence is common in heart failure and associated with low cardiorespiratory fitness yet is understudied in PWH. The objective was to determine the prevalence of chronotropic incompetence and its relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness.

Design:
Participants were PWH at least 50 years of age with no prior history of heart failure or coronary heart disease who were enrolled in a randomized exercise trial. Baseline cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) was used to measure cardiorespiratory fitness as peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) and calculate the chronotropic index from heart rate values. Chronotropic incompetence was defined as an index less than 80%.

Results:
The 74 participants were on average 61 years old, 80% Black or African American, and 93% men. Chronotropic incompetence was present in 31.1%. VO2peak was significantly lower among participants with chronotropic incompetence compared with participants without chronotropic incompetence [mean (SD) ml/min/kg: 20.9 (5.1) vs. 25.0 (4.5), P = 0.001]. Linear regression showed that chronotropic incompetence and age were independent predictors of VO2peak, but smoking and comorbidity were not. The chronotropic index correlated with VO2peak (r = 0.48, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Among older PWH without heart failure or coronary heart disease, chronotropic incompetence was present in approximately one-third of individuals and was associated with clinically relevant impaired cardiorespiratory fitness. Investigation of chronotropic incompetence in large cohorts which includes PWH and heart failure may contribute to strategies that promote healthy aging with HIV infection and offer a preclinical window for intervention.
Three-dimensional Volumetric Visceral and Subcutaneous Fat Analysis on Opportunistic Computed Tomography Imaging of Patients With Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome Compared With Those With Predominant Osteoarthritis: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Garigipati Priyanka , Rehman Mahad , Xi Yin , Chhabra Avneesh 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to address the gap in knowledge assessing the impact of visceral and subcutaneous body fat on 3-dimensional computed tomography imaging in patients with greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) in comparison with those primarily diagnosed with osteoarthritis (OA).Materials and MethodsWe evaluated adult patients with a confirmed diagnosis of GTPS from our institutional hip-preservation clinic spanning 2011 to 2022. Selection criteria included their initial clinic visit for hip pain and a concurrent pelvis computed tomography scan. These patients were age- and sex-matched to mild-moderate OA patients selected randomly from the database. Visceral and subcutaneous fat areas were measured volumetrically from the sacroiliac joint to the lesser trochanter using an independent software. Interreader reliability was also calculated.ResultsA total of 93 patients met the study criteria, of which 37 belonged to the GTPS group and 56 belonged to the OA group. Both groups were sex and race matched. Average age in GTPS and OA groups was 59.3 years and 56 years, respectively. For GTPS group, average body mass index was 28.9 kg/m2, and for the OA group, average body mass index was 29.9 kg/m2, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). Two-samplettest showed no significant differences in the visceral fat, subcutaneous fat, or the visceral fat to total fat volume ratio between the GTPS and OA groups. There was excellent interreader reliability.ConclusionsOur results indicate that there is no significant difference in fat distribution and volumes among GTPS and OA patients. This suggests that being overweight or obese may not be directly linked or contribute to the onset of GTPS. Other factors, such as gluteal tendinopathy, bursitis, or iliotibial band syndrome, might be responsible and need further investigation.
Trial Design for Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Midurethral Sling Versus Botulinum Toxin A
Authors: Harvie Heidi S. , Richter Holly E. , Sung Vivian W. , Chermansky Christopher J. , Menefee Shawn A. , Rahn David D. , Amundsen Cindy L. , Arya Lily A. , Huitema Carolyn , Mazloomdoost Donna , Thomas Sonia ,   for the NICHD Pelvic Floor Disorders Network
Published: January 2024

Importance
Mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) is common and can be challenging to manage.

Objectives
We present the protocol design and rationale of a trial comparing the efficacy of 2 procedures for the treatment of women with MUI refractory to oral treatment. The Midurethral sling versus Botulinum toxin A (MUSA) trial compares the efficacy of intradetrusor injection of 100 U of onabotulinimtoxinA (an office-based procedure directed at the urgency component) versus midurethral sling (MUS) placement (a surgical procedure directed at the stress component).

Study Design
The MUSA is a multicenter, randomized trial of women with MUI electing to undergo procedural treatment for MUI at 7 clinical centers in the NICHD Pelvic Floor Disorders Network. Participants are randomized to either onabotulinumtoxinA 100 U or MUS. OnabotulinimtoxinA recipients may receive an additional injection between 3 and 6 months. Participants may receive additional treatment (including crossover to the alternative study intervention) between 6 and 12 months. The primary outcome is change from baseline in Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI) at 6 months. Secondary outcomes include change in UDI at 3 and 12 months, irritative and stress subscores of the UDI, urinary incontinence episodes, predictors of poor treatment response, quality of life and global impression outcomes, adverse events, use of additional treatments, and cost effectiveness.

Results
Recruitment and randomization of 150 participants is complete and participants are currently in the follow-up phase.

Conclusions
This trial will provide information to guide care for women with MUI refractory to oral treatment who seek surgical treatment with either onabotulinumtoxinA or MUS.
Persistent and De Novo Stress Urinary Incontinence After Minimally Invasive Sacrocolpopexy
Authors: Sinha Annika , Yao Meng , Ferrando Cecile A. 
Published: January 2024

Importance
Data on stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy (SCP) with or without midurethral sling placement are limited.

Objective
The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of SUI after minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy.

Study Design
This was a secondary analysis of 2 randomized clinical trials of participants undergoing SCP. Participants completed symptom assessment and urodynamic testing. Participants underwent SCP with or without midurethral sling placement. Preoperatively, participants were defined as having symptomatic SUI, occult SUI, or no SUI. Participants completed the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 at 6 and 12 months postoperatively and were categorized as having persistent SUI in the setting of symptomatic or occult SUI or de novo SUI.

Results
Eighty-one participants were included. Sixty-one participants met inclusion criteria for the persistent SUI analysis: 42 participants with symptomatic SUI and 19 participants with occult SUI. There were 20 participants in the de novo SUI group. The overall incidence of persistent SUI was 26.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 15.8%–39.1%) with 33.3% (95% CI, 19.6%–49.6%) of symptomatic and 10.5% (95% CI, 1.5%–33.1%) of occult participants. Bothersome symptoms were defined as “moderately” or “quite a bit” bothered postoperatively. Of participants with symptomatic SUI, 14.3% participants were bothered and no participants underwent retreatment. No patient with occult SUI was bothered; however, 1 patient underwent retreatment. The incidence of de novo SUI was 45% (95% CI, 23.1%–68.5%). No patient in the de novo SUI group was bothered or underwent SUI treatment.

Conclusions
Approximately 1 in 4 participants reported persistent SUI. Almost 50% reported de novo SUI. However, few participants were bothered or underwent treatment.
Azospirillum isscasi sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from rhizosphere soil of rice
Authors: Wang Hui , Jin Haiyang , Chen Zhe , Li Wenjun , Ma Jing , Hu Tianlong , Liu Qi , Zhang Yanhui , Lin Xingwu , Xie Zubin 
Published: January 2024

A Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacterium, designated C340-1T, was isolated and screened from paddy soil in Zhongshan County, Guangxi Province, PR China. This strain grew at 20–42 °C (optimum, 37 °C), pH 5.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and 0–4 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0–1 %) on Reasoner's 2A medium. The strain could fix atmospheric nitrogen and acetylene reduction activity was recorded up to 120.26 nmol ethylene h–1 (mg protein)–1. Q-10 was the only isoprenoid quinone component; phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, an unidentified aminolipid and an unidentified polar lipid were the major polar lipids. Summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω7c and/or C18 : 1
ω6c) and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1
ω7c and/or C16 : 1
ω6c) were the primary cellular fatty acids. The genome of strain C340-1T was 6.18 Mb, and the G+C content was 69.0 mol%. Phylogenetic tree analysis based on 16S rRNA gene and 92 core genes showed that strain C340-1T was closely related to and clustered with the type strains

Azospirillum brasilense

JCM 1224T, Azospirillum argentinense Az39T,

Azospirillum baldaniorum

Sp245T and

Azospirillum formosense

JCM 17639T. The average nucleotide identity (ANI), average amino acid identity (AAI) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between strain C340-1T and the closely related type strains mentioned above were significantly lower than the threshold values for species classification (95–96 %, 95–96 % and 70 %, respectively). Based on phylogenetic, genomic, phenotypic, physiological and biochemical data, we have reason to believe that C340-1T represents a new species of the genus

Azospirillum

, for which the name Azospirillum isscasi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is C340-1T(=CCTCC AB 2023105T=KCTC 8126T).
Genomic and clinical characteristics of campylobacteriosis in Australia
Authors: Cribb Danielle M. , Moffatt Cameron R. M. , Wallace Rhiannon L. , McLure Angus T. , Bulach Dieter , Jennison Amy V. , French Nigel , Valcanis Mary , Glass Kathryn , Kirk Martyn D. 
Published: January 2024

Campylobacter

spp. are a common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in Australia, primarily acquired from contaminated meat. We investigated the relationship between genomic virulence characteristics and the severity of campylobacteriosis, hospitalisation, and other host factors.
We recruited 571 campylobacteriosis cases from three Australian states and territories (2018–2019). We collected demographic, health status, risk factors, and self-reported disease data. We whole genome sequenced 422

C

.

jejuni

and 84

C

.

coli

case isolates along with 616 retail meat isolates. We classified case illness severity using a modified Vesikari scoring system, performed phylogenomic analysis, and explored risk factors for hospitalisation and illness severity.
On average, cases experienced a 7.5 day diarrhoeal illness with additional symptoms including stomach cramps (87.1 %), fever (75.6 %), and nausea (72.0 %). Cases aged ≥75 years had milder symptoms, lower Vesikari scores, and higher odds of hospitalisation compared to younger cases. Chronic gastrointestinal illnesses also increased odds of hospitalisation. We observed significant diversity among isolates, with 65

C

.

jejuni

and 21

C

.

coli

sequence types. Antimicrobial resistance genes were detected in 20.4 % of isolates, but multidrug resistance was rare (0.04 %). Key virulence genes such as cdtABC (

C. jejuni

) and cadF were prevalent (>90 % presence) but did not correlate with disease severity or hospitalisation. However, certain genes (e.g. fliK, Cj1136, and Cj1138) appeared to distinguish human

C. jejuni

cases from food source isolates.
Campylobacteriosis generally presents similarly across cases, though some are more severe. Genotypic virulence factors identified in the literature to-date do not predict disease severity but may differentiate human

C. jejuni

cases from food source isolates. Host factors like age and comorbidities have a greater influence on health outcomes than virulence factors.
A precision medicine approach forHCN1Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy
Authors: Bleakley Lauren E. , McKenzie Chaseley E. , Zhao Da , Soh Ming S. , Spyrou James , Forster Ian C. , Bui Bang V. , Reid Christopher A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPathogenic variants inHCN1causing cation leak result in a severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). Current treatment options for patients withHCN1-DEE are limited and are insufficient to fully address both the seizures and clinical comorbidities of this disorder.Org 34167 is a brain penetrant broad-spectrum HCN channel inhibitor that has completed phase I clinical trials. We used a range of assays at molecular, cellular, network and behavioural levels to explore the potential of Org 34167 as a precision medicine forHCN1-DEE.Org 34167 restored the voltage sensitivity of the DEE HCN1M305Lmutated channel, significantly reducing cation leak. It also restored Ih-mediated ‘sag’, hyperpolarised the resting membrane potential and reduced firing of layer V neurons from the Hcn1M294Lmouse model ofHCN1-DEE, which was engineered based on the HCN1M305Lpathogenic variant. Additionally, Org 34167 reduced neuronal epileptiform activity and restored retinal light sensitivity in these mice, suggesting it may improve both seizures and other clinical comorbidities. However, Org 34167-mediated tremors were noted at therapeutic doses. Org 34167 was also effective at reducing cation leak caused by five additionalHCN1pathogenic variants, suggesting broader utility.Overall, these data demonstrate that a small molecule HCN inhibitor can restore channel and consequent physiological functions, positioning it as a promising precision therapeutic approach forHCN1-DEE.
Numerical modeling of senile plaque development under conditions of limited diffusivity of amyloid-β monomers
Authors: Kuznetsov Andrey V. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces a method to simulate the progression of senile plaques, focusing on scenarios where concentrations of amyloid beta (Aβ) monomers and aggregates vary between neurons. Extracellular variations in these concentrations may arise due to limited diffusivity of Aβ monomers and a high rate of Aβ monomer production at lipid membranes, requiring a substantial concentration gradient for diffusion-driven transport of Aβ monomers. The dimensionless formulation of the model is presented, identifying four key dimensionless parameters governing the solutions for Aβ monomer and aggregate concentrations, as well as the radius of a growing Aβ plaque within the control volume. These parameters include the dimensionless diffusivity of Aβ monomers, the dimensionless rate of Aβ monomer production, and the dimensionless half-lives of Aβ monomers and aggregates. A dimensionless parameter is introduced to assess the validity of the lumped capacitance approximation. An approximate solution is derived for the scenario involving large diffusivity of Aβ monomers and dysfunctional protein degradation machinery, resulting in infinitely long half-lives for Aβ monomers and aggregates. In this scenario, the concentrations of Aβ aggregates and the radius of the Aβ plaque depend solely on a single dimensionless parameter that characterizes the rate of Aβ monomer production. According to the approximate solution, the concentration of Aβ aggregates is linearly dependent on the rate of monomer production, and the radius of an Aβ plaque is directly proportional to the cube root of the rate of monomer production. However, when departing from the conditions of the approximate solution (e.g., finite half-lives), the concentrations of Aβ monomers and aggregates, along with the plaque radius, exhibit complex dependencies on all four dimensionless parameters. For instance, under physiological half-life conditions, the plaque radius reaches a maximum value and stabilizes thereafter.