bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Doppler velocimetry for predicting outcome of pregnancies with decreased fetal movements
Authors: Korszun Przemyslaw , Dubiel Mariusz , Kudla Marek , Gudmundsson Saemundur 
Published: March 2003

Aim.  The aim of this study was to evaluate umbilical artery (UA) and uterine artery (Ut.A) Doppler velocimetry in a low‐risk pregnancy group with decreased fetal movements.Material and methods  Eight hundred and eighty‐eight women were examined because of decreased fetal movements. All fetuses were alive on maternal admission. In all cases, UA and Ut.A Doppler velocimetries were performed, as well as a nonstress test (NST). The managing clinician was informed only of the UA Doppler.Results.  In the group of 135 women who gave birth within 2 days, UA velocimetry was abnormal in seven fetuses. In 11 cases, Ut.A vascular resistance was abnormal and in 18 cases ‘notch’ was stated. There were 19 emergency sections in this group. Signs of increased placental vascular resistance were correlated with need for operational delivery because of fetal distress. Among the remaining 753 women who delivered after more than 2 days after examination, UA velocimetry showed abnormality in five fetuses. In 42 cases the Ut.A pulsatility index was abnormal and in 118 cases an early end diastolic ‘notch’ was present. There was one perinatal death in this group.Conclusions.  Decreased fetal movement perception by mothers should be taken seriously. Abnormal placental Doppler was an infrequent finding in these low‐risk pregnancies. However, adding UA and Ut.A Doppler velocimetries to conventional NST surveillance might be reassuring for managing clinicians.
Dissection and cotransplantation of large pieces of RPE and neural retina; effect of protease K on the development
Authors: Sharma Rajesh Kumar 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: This study attempts to cotransplant large pieces of the RPE and neural retina in the subretinal space of rabbits by using protease K for dissection of the donor tissue, and to investigate the effect of dissection technique on the development of the grafts.Methods: Eyes from 15‐day‐old pigmented rabbit embryos were partly digested by protease K to assist dissection of sclera and the choroid from RPE and neural retina. Large pieces of RPE and the neural retina thus obtained were cotransplanted into the eyes of adult albino rabbits who were allowed to survive for up to 63 days. The transplants were examined under light microscope.Results: It was possible to transplant large sheets of RPE and neural retina together. Both the RPE and the neural retina survived after cotransplantation. Retinal pigment epithelium survived in layers, but at places formed clusters. In cotransplants neural retina formed rosettes, developed gliosis, and photoreceptors failed to develop outer segments, possibly due to the action of protease K.Conclusion: Proteases seem to be injurious for the development of the neural retina.
Helical and conventional CT in the imaging of metallic foreign bodies in the orbit
Authors: Lakits Adalbert , Prokesch Rupert , Scholda Christoph , Nowotny Robert , Kaider Alexandra , Bankier Alexander 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: To compare helical CT to conventional CT imaging in the assessment of orbital metallic foreign bodies with regard to image quality, scanning time, and radiation exposure.Methods: Twenty‐four standardized metallic foreign bodies, placed into the orbit (anterior, epibulbar, posterior) of cadaver heads were studied. Helical CT scanning in the axial plane with multiplanar reconstruction of coronal and sagittal images was performed as well as conventional CT imaging with direct scanning in the axial and the coronal planes (Tomoscan SR 7000, Philips, The Netherlands). Two masked observers consensually graded the studies using 5 predetermined criteria. Radiation dose delivered to the lens and scanning time were measured for the helical and the conventional CT imaging workup.Results: Helical CT imaging scored statistically significantly better with regard to overall accuracy of foreign body localization and presence of beam‐hardening streak artifacts from dental fillings. Conventional CT scored significantly better with regard to stair‐step artifacts. The radiation dose delivered to the lens was 35.4 mGy for helical CT imaging and 73.9 mGy for conventional CT workup (axial and coronal scanning). Total scanning time was 18 seconds for helical CT axial scanning and 104 seconds for conventional CT axial and coronal scanning.Conclusion: Helical CT is superior to conventional CT imaging, because it can provide adequate information about orbital metallic foreign bodies with a single acquisition, thus reducing both the number of examinations and the radiation exposure for the patient.
Paediatric laser DCR
Authors: Doyle A , Russell J. , O'Keefe M. 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: Endoscopic laser dacrocystorhinostomy is an alternative procedure to external approach DCR in children. We report our results with 5 patients (6 eyes) with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.Methods: Six endonasal DCR's were carried out using the KTP laser in patients with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction resistant to probing and intubation.Results: The follow‐up ranged from 3–8 months. All patients experienced a recurrence of their symptoms postoperatively.Conclusion: Endoscopic laser assisted DCR is not a successful procedure in children.
Visually impaired Swedish children. Longitudinal comparisons 1980–1999
Authors: Blohmé Jonas , Bengtsson‐Stigmar Elisabeth , Tornqvist Kristina 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: To produce the background to a pilot‐study of the visual and social outcome of visually impaired children. A study, originally including 219 individuals, done in 1980 in the county of Malmρhus in southern Sweden, was revisited.Methods: A revision according to current WHO classification led to a cohort of 128 individuals. This was compared to the corresponding group, comprising 2048 individuals, of the total Swedish registration of visually impaired children of today.Results and conclusion: The two groups were mostly similar as regards male/female distribution, additional impairments, etiological factors and diagnoses. The prevalence of visual impairment due to peri‐/neonatal influence had increased (p=0.038; odds ratio (OR): 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04–2.61), while visual impairment due to prenatal infections had decreased (p=0.0001; OR: 0.26, 95%CI: 0.15–0.49). Regarding diagnoses we saw a significant decrease in chorioretinitis, as well as in microphthalmus and Stargardt's disease, while hypoplasia of the optic nerve increased. In all these, except chorioretinitis, the changes are probably due to altered diagnostic classification.
Chronic bilateral keratitis in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy‐candidiadis‐ectodermal dystrophy (APECED)
Authors: Merenmies Lauri , Tarkkanen Ahti 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: To report the outcome of chronic bilateral keratitis and other ocular manifestations in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy‐candidiasis‐ectodermal dystrophy (APECED).Material and Methods: The material consists of 69 patients with APECED, who were examined by the senior author as referrals from the pediatricians. The patients were seen at the Helsinki University Eye Hospital a total of 370 times and the follow‐up periods range from 2 to 25 years.Results: 25% of the patients had chronic bilateral keratitis with symptoms of intense photophobia, blepharospasm and lacrimation. On 13 patients the first symptoms appeared before the age of 4 years. Keratitis was the first presenting sign before any evidence of systemic disease in three patients, and in all patients keratitis was among the first three manifestations of the syndrome. The clinical picture from the acute to the chronic cicatricial stage is described. The best corrected visual acuity at the end of the follow‐up was 0.6 or better in six patients only. Of the total material 12 patients had lenticular opacities as the manifestation of hypoparathyroidism.Conclusions: Chronic bilateral keratitis is an ocular manifestation of APECED and in its etiology both hypoparathyroidism and candidiasis may be ruled out as single causes. When an ophthalmologist is confronted with a young child with bilateral chronic keratitis with symptoms of intense photophobia, blepharospasm, lacrimation and either with mucocutaneous candidiasis or hypoparathyroidism, the patient should be referred to a pediatric endocrinological consultation for the possibility of underlying APECED.
Refractive results of radial keratotomy: a ten‐year retrospective study
Authors: Salamon Suheil Andreas , Hjortdal Jesper Ø. , Ehlers Niels 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: To investigate the long‐term effects and stability of refraction after radial keratotomy procedure.Methods: Radial keratotomy was performed on 123 persons to reduce myopia (range: −1 to −13 diopters) in 1986 to 1989. A mean of 11.5 years later (range 10 to 13), 61 of these patients with 102 eyes underwent a standardised refractive examination where subjective spherical equivalent refraction was measured and compared to the preoperative and the one month postoperative refractive measurement collected from the patients records.Results: There was a reduction in spherical equivalent from an average of −5.46 diopters (SD 2.38) preoperatively to −2.32 diopters (SD 1.96) 11.5 years postoperatively. The mean change in direction of myopia between 1 month and 11.5 years postoperatively was 0.17 diopters (SD 1.18). This change was not statistically significant. From 1 month to 11.5 years, 10 of the eyes had developed more than 1 diopter hyperopia, and 20 % more than 1 diopter myopia. When asked directly, all patients were satisfied with the result of their operation in general; 2 patients still complained of glare.Conclusion: No significant changes in refraction were found between 1 month and 11.5 years after radial keratotomy. Previously reported long‐term studies on this field have found a trend toward progressive hyperopia. No evidence of such change can be supported by this study.
Ocular changes in a case of Kyrle's disease. 20‐year follow‐up
Authors: Alyahya Ghassan Ayish , Heegaard Steffen , Prause Jan Ulrik 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: To re‐evaluate a case of Kyrle's disease with conjunctival and corneal changes in a 52‐year‐old patient with onset at the age of 5 years.Methods: Repeated biopsies from the skin, conjunctiva and oral mucosa along with a corneal button obtained from a right eye keratoplasty were examined histopathologically.Results: The skin, oral, conjunctival and corneal histopathology showed parakeratosis, dyskeratotic cells and single cell keratinization. The clinical picture and the histopathological findings are consistent with the diagnosis of Kyrle's disease.Conclusions: This is the first reported case of Kyrle's disease with conjunctival changes. We suggest that Kyrle's disease, although predominantly affecting young adults, may also be seen in childhood. The disease may be a genodermatosis. It is not confined only to the skin, but can be seen in mucous membranes like the conjunctiva and buccal mucosa, and in tissues having the same embryological origin as the skin, i.e. the cornea.
Fibrinogen and detached retina with or without proliferation
Authors: Theoharis I. P. , Mangouritsas G. , Feretis E. 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: Fibrinogen is a multifunctional molecule, participating in processes such as wound healing, inflammation and cell proliferation. Therefore a comparative study of plasma fibrinogen levels was performed on patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy after RRD (PVR).Method: Plasma fibrinogen levels were measured preoperatively in three groups of patients; twenty‐two (n=22) patients from the ORL department of our hospital, serving as a control group; twenty‐eight (n=28) patients with RRD; and twenty (n=20) patients with PVR after RRD. Patients' ages were matched for all three groups; diabetics and patients with cardiovascular disease were excluded. T‐Student's test was performed for the comparison of the plasma fibrinogen mean values of the aforementioned groups.Results: Statistically significant (p value: 0.013) elevation of fibrinogen plasma levels was observed in patients with RRD compared to those of the control group. In addition, patients with PVR had significantly higher plasma fibrinogen levels (p value: 0.03) than RRD patients.Conclusion: The results suggest a correlation between fibrinogen plasma levels and the development of RRD and PVR.
Adverse ocular effects of flecainide
Authors: Ikäheimo Kirsi , Kettunen Raimo , Mäntyjärvi Maija 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT. Purpose: To study if flecainide has ocular adverse effects.Methods: Both eyes of 38 flecainide medicated patients were thoroughly examined including colour vision, contrast sensitivity and visual fields.Results: 10.5% of the patients had blurred vision on lateral gaze lasting for a couple of seconds. Small corneal deposits were found in 14.5% of the patients. All visual function tests were normal.Conclusion: Flecainide seems to be a safe drug with minimal ocular adverse effects.
Cone photoreceptors in laminated retinal transplants
Authors: Gjörloff K. , Bruun A. , Ghosh F. 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT. Purpose: To investigate the contents of green‐ and blue‐sensitive cone photoreceptors in laminated rabbit retinal transplants.Methods: Eleven rabbits each received a sheet of embryonic neuroretina into the subretinal space in one eye. Vitrectomy was used in the procedure and properly polarized flat transplants were placed on the host pigment epithelium. After 17–309 days the transplants were examined immunohistochemically with specific antibodies against COS‐1 (green‐sensitive cones) and OS‐2 (blue‐sensitive cones).Results: All grafts displayed normal lamination with well developed photoreceptor outer segments apposed to the host retinal pigment epithelium. Occasionally, rosettes were found at the transplant edges. Both COS‐1 positive and OS‐2 positive cones were detected. In the laminated part of the grafts, COS‐1 positive cones were more numerous than OS‐2 positive ones. In the rosetted parts of the transplants the relationship between the cones was reversed.Conclusion: Full‐thickness embryonic rabbit retinal transplants develop into laminated retinas with well‐developed photoreceptor outer segment. Both green‐ and blue‐sensitive cone photoreceptors are present and the ratio between the two cone types is the same as in the normal adult rabbit retina.
Small incision trabeculectomy: experiences with this new procedure for glaucoma surgery in Indian eyes
Authors: Das J. C. , Sharma Pankaj , Chaudhuri Zia , Bhomaj Sharad 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential advantages and disadvantages, success rate and complications of this new procedure for glaucoma surgery, which includes the formation of a filtration fistula without any dissection of the Tenon’s capsule; as an alternative to trabeculectomy with or without pharmacological wound modulation.Methods: Small Incision Trabeculectomy avoiding Tenon’s capsule was performed in 40 glaucomatous eyes through a 2.5 mm limbal incision and intraocular pressure was monitored serially over a period of 12 months.Results: The mean postoperative intraocular pressure (16.60±5.93 mmHg) at 12 months follow‐up was significantly lower than the mean preoperative IOP (30.20±10.70 mmHg). Thirty‐six eyes (90%) had IOP less than 22 mmHg without antiglaucoma medications at the end of the 12‐month follow‐up. Blebs were pale and diffusely elevated. No serious complications were encountered.Conclusion: This new technique is a low‐cost and safe alternative to conventional trabeculectomy that effectively reduces intraocular pressure. The use of a small 2.5 mm incision which obviates the dissection of the Tenon’s capsule and subsequent subconjunctival fibrosis, the absence of requirement of any sophisticated instruments, and the absence of any major complications which are encountered with the use of anti‐metabolites entails that this procedure be performed more often in glaucomatous eyes needing filtration surgery.
Uveal melanomas with optic nerve extension: Report of two cases diagnosed by transvitreal biopsy, one of them with a multicentric tumour
Authors: Eide Nils , Syrdalen Per , Scheie David , Chen Ying , Elgjo Kjell , Kerty Emilia , Brabrand Knut 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT. Purpose: To report two cases of invasive uveal melanomas, one of which showed multifocality.Methods: Clinical examination, ultrasonography, colour Doppler analysis, cytological and histopathological evaluations.Results: Transvitreal biopsy (case 1) or fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) (case 2) revealed malignant melanomas in both patients. Light microscopy and immunohistochemical examinations substantiated the diagnosis of mixed cell type melanomas. In addition, one patient had a multifocal melanoma with papilloedema and colour Doppler findings suggestive of optic disc involvement.Conclusion: Transvitreal biopsy for histology or cytology is a reliable procedure to obtain an accurate diagnosis without delay of a lesion adjacent to the optic nerve head. In our two cases the biopsy findings led to enucleation.
Data reliability and structure in the Swedish National Cataract Register
Authors: Håkansson Ingemar , Lundström Mats , Stenevi Ulf , Ehinger Berndt 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: A Swedish National Cataract Register was instituted in 1992, monitoring nearly all cataract operations in Sweden, and since its inception comprising about 95% of all operations. Data from a total of approximately 290 000 operations have been collected during 1992–1998. Data quality is an important factor, and we have therefore assessed the various types and frequencies of data entry errors in the material.Methods: The medical records for all operations in five selected participating clinics were retrieved for a set month. Each data transfer step from the record to the final data base was monitored for a total of 574 operations. A total of 10 variables were recorded for each operation.Results: Significant sources of error were absent in most variables. However, possibly important errors appeared in three: “date entering waiting list”, “preoperative best corrected visual acuity in the operated eye”, or “visual acuity in the fellow eye”. There were also noteworthy variations between the five clinics, different for different parameters. Errors were predominantly prone to appear at the very first step of registration. In most cases this was due to deviations from the data collection instructions.Conclusions: The reliability is good for most values entered into the register, but it is important to ensure that data definitions are exact and adhered to. Repeated information to the involved persons on how to fill in the forms appears to be a requisite for maintaining good input quality.
Visual acuity, residual amblyopia and ocular pathology in a screened population of 12–13‐year‐old children in Sweden
Authors: Ohlsson Josefin , Villarreal Gerardo , Sjöström Anders , Abrahamsson Maths , Sjöstrand Johan 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: To establish the distribution of visual acuity and the prevalence of residual amblyopia and other ocular disorders in a vision‐screened population group of 12–13‐year‐old children.Methods: In total 1046 children were examined in a field study in Sweden. The examination included visual acuity, stereopsis, cover testing, red reflex, refractive retinoscopy and examination of the posterior pole. In selected cases VEP was also performed.Results: Visual acuity ≥1.0 in at least one eye was present in 98% of cases. Residual amblyopia (≤0.5) was found in 1.1% of the population. Manifest strabismus was found in 2.7%. There were only a small number of ocular opacities and posterior pole abnormalities. Ocular albinism was found in 7 cases. In 15 children the cause of subnormal VA was unexplained.Conclusion: Results for visual acuity, residual amblyopia and other ocular disorders are very similar to previous Nordic, vision‐screened populations.
Repeated UVR exposures cause keratocyte resistance to apoptosis and hyaluronan accumulation in the rabbit cornea
Authors: Podskochy Alexander , Fagerholm Per 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: To evaluate hyaluronan (HA) production and level of apoptosis of corneal cells after repeated UVR exposures.Methods: Fifteen albino rabbit corneas were exposed to 310 nm UVR at a dose that causes biomicroscopically significant keratitis (0.47 J/cm2). Nine rabbits received a single dose of UVR. Six rabbits were irradiated 3 times at 7‐day intervals. Rabbits exposed to the single dose of UVR, were sacrificed 24 hours, 7 and 14 days after irradiation. Rabbits exposed to the repeated doses of UVR, were sacrificed 24 hours and 14 days after the last irradiation. The corneal tissue specimens were processed for histological analysis using specific staining for HA, and the TdT‐dUTP terminal nick‐end labeling (TUNEL) assay.Results: Corneas exposed to a single UVR dose showed extensive positive TUNEL staining 24 hours after exposure. Almost all basal epithelial cells, keratocytes throughout the entire thickness of the stroma, and endothelial cells were TUNEL‐positive. No HA was found 24 hours after exposure. Extracellular HA staining of high intensity was found at day 7 throughout the entire central stroma, except the anterior one‐fourth. At day 14 only a faint HA staining was detected in the posterior stroma, close to Descemet’s membrane. Corneas exposed to repeated UVR doses showed at 24 hours positive TUNEL staining only in epithelial cells and in very few stromal cells. The majority of stromal cells and endothelial cells were unaffected. At the same time HA staining of very high intensity was found both at 24 hours and day 14, and it was evenly distributed throughout the entire thickness of the stroma.Conclusion: Repeated UVR exposures lead to increased production and accumulation of HA in the corneal stroma. The repopulated keratocytes are much more resistant to apoptosis than the native ones. HA accumulation may be a sign of long‐term changes in the cornea.
Reduction in gingival overgrowth associated with conversion from cyclosporin A to tacrolimus
Authors: James J. A. , Boomer S. , Maxwell A. P. , Hull P. S. , Short C. D. , Campbell B. A. , Johnson R. W. G. , Irwin C. R. , Marley J. J. , Spratt H. , Linden G. J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground: Unsightly gingival overgrowth affects many individuals immunosuppressed with cyclosporin A (CsA). Current management involves repeated periodontal surgery and intensive hygienist support. Tacrolimus is an effective alternative immunosuppressive agent for renal transplantation which does not appear to produce gingival enlargement.Aims:The purpose of the present study was to monitor the gingival response of 4 renal transplant patients (RTPs), with clinically significant CsA‐induced gingival overgrowth, after their immunosuppressive therapy was switched to tacrolimus.Methods: Intra‐oral photographs and alginate impressions were taken both prior to the drug conversion and again, 6 to 9 months later. Gingival overgrowth scores were determined, from plaster models on both these occasions.Results: All of the RTPs experienced significant resolution of their gingival enlargement within the time period studied; however, only one had complete regression.Conclusion: It is concluded that conversion of RTPs with gingival overgrowth from CsA to tacrolimus may provide an effective management strategy for this clinical problem.