bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Plastic Bottle Waste as Material for Making Sustainable Cement-Less Aesthetic Paving Blocks
Authors: Karisma Dwifi Aprillia , Nursandah Fauzie , Rahmawaty Fitry 
Published: January 2024

Plastic is a key ingredient in many products around the world, but its existence has caused serious problems due to the buildup of waste it produces. The construction industry is one of the sectors that can play a role in the utilization of plastic waste. One of them is in the production of paving blocks. This study aims to combine aesthetic aspects and environmental attractiveness in paving blocks without sustainable cement. An experimental method was chosen to develop an alternative to making sustainable paving blocks without the use of cement. Variations used to start from 20% PET: 80% aggregate, 25% PET: 75% aggregate, 30% PET: 70% aggregate, 35% PET: 65% aggregate, 40% PET: 60% aggregate. The aggregates used are sand and stone ash. Physical and mechanical qualities of paving blocks, such as compressive strength, absorption is carried out to determine the quality of paving blocks. The aesthetic aspect is also in focus by carrying out the concept of "glow in the dark". The results of physical and mechanical quality evaluation show that this paving block has adequate performance. The ratio of 20% PET and 80% sand reached paving category C with a compressive strength of 19.65 MPa, while the mixture with a ratio of 20% PET and 80% stone ash reached paving category B with a compressive strength of 24.20 MPa. This paving can be applied in the use of parks, pedestrian to parking lots. This suggests that the use of PET in the mixture can achieve sufficient strength in the paving industry. However, higher water absorption in mixtures with a higher percentage of PET needs to be taken into consideration. In addition, morphological and structural analysis reveals the presence of pores in the paving block that can affect the overall strength. These pores are caused by uneven melting of PET plastic during the manufacturing process. Based on the LCC evaluation, a higher economic value was obtained, but the resulting environmental impact made the product worthy of being one of the solutions to reduce plastic waste.
Long-Term Outcomes after Conversion to a Belatacept-Based Immunosuppression in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Divard Gillian , Aubert Olivier , Debiais-Deschamp Charlotte , Raynaud Marc , Goutaudier Valentin , Sablik Marta , Sayeg Caroline , Legendre Christophe , Obert Julie , Anglicheau Dany , Lefaucheur Carmen , Loupy Alexandre 
Published: January 2024

Background
Conversion to a belatacept-based immunosuppression is currently used as a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) avoidance strategy when the CNI-based standard-of-care immunosuppression is not tolerated after kidney transplantation. However, there is a lack of evidence on the long-term benefit and safety after conversion to belatacept.

Methods
We prospectively enrolled 311 kidney transplant recipients from 2007 to 2020 from two referral centers, converted from CNI to belatacept after transplant according to a prespecified protocol. Patients were matched at the time of conversion to patients maintained with CNIs, using optimal matching. The primary end point was death-censored allograft survival at 7 years. The secondary end points were patient survival, eGFR, and safety outcomes, including serious viral infections, immune-related complications, antibody-mediated rejection, T-cell–mediated rejection, de novo anti-HLA donor-specific antibody, de novo diabetes, cardiovascular events, and oncologic complications.

Results
A total of 243 patients converted to belatacept (belatacept group) were matched to 243 patients maintained on CNIs (CNI control group). All recipient, transplant, functional, histologic, and immunologic parameters were well balanced between the two groups with a standardized mean difference below 0.05. At 7 years post-conversion to belatacept, allograft survival was 78% compared with 63% in the CNI control group (P < 0.001 for log-rank test). The safety outcomes showed a similar rate of patient death (28% in the belatacept group versus 36% in the CNI control group), active antibody-mediated rejection (6% versus 7%), T-cell–mediated rejection (4% versus 4%), major adverse cardiovascular events, and cancer occurrence (9% versus 11%). A significantly higher rate of de novo proteinuria was observed in the belatacept group as compared with the CNI control group (37% versus 21%, P < 0.001).

Conclusions
This real-world evidence study shows that conversion to belatacept post-transplant was associated with lower risk of graft failure and acceptable safety outcomes compared with patients maintained on CNIs.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number
Long-term Outcomes after Conversion to Belatacept, NCT04733131.
HUBUNGAN ALIGNMENT KNEE JOINT TERHADAP AGILITY PADA PEMAIN SEPAK BOLA AMATIR SEKOLAH SEPAK BOLA (SSB) USIA 11-14 TAHUN
Authors: Rakhel Artania Corry , Nasirudin Yusuf , Sudarsono Ari 
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Alignment knee joint (bentuk sendi lutut) mempunyai hubungan yang negatif dengan tingkat kelincahan. Yang artinya semakin tinggi jarak bentuk sendi lutut maka akan semakin rendah skor dari kemampuan kelincahan. Dan kemampuan kelincahan merupakan salah satu keterampilan paling penting yang harus dimiliki oleh seorang pemain sepak bola sedari usia dini. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian “cross sectional” yang dilakukan sekali dalam satu waktu untuk mencari hubungan alignment knee joint terhadap agility pada pemain sepakbola amatir sekolah sepak bola (ssb) usia 11-14 tahun yang berlokasi di jakarta dan depok.Hasil : uji hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji spearman dengan hasil nilai sig(2-tailed) untuk hubungan antara alignment knee joint dengan agility T test P=0,044 untuk hubungan antara alignment knee joint dengan pengukuran shuttle run test terdapat nilai sig(2-tailed) sebesar P=0,035. Simpulan : Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara alignment knee joint terhadap agility pada pemain sepakbola amatir sekolah sepak bola (ssb) usia 11-14 tahun.
Ultrasonographic-anatomic correlation and an imaging protocol of the normal canine kidney
Authors: Wood A. K. W. , McCarthy P. H. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
Ultrasonographic or anatomic observations or both were made of the kidneys of 26 dogs. The anatomic studies established precise correlations between the gross anatomic features of the organ and its ultrasonographic images obtained in transverse, sagittal, dorsal, and 2 oblique planes. Uniformily mottled echogenicity of the renal cortex could be clearly differentiated from the less echogenic renal medulla. In the middorsal plane, the papillae of the renal pyramids were directed towards the renal sinus. The bases of the pyramids were almost circular in outline in the midsagittal images and the renal crest was seen as an echogenic line. Although the renal sinus was highly echogenic, neither the renal pelvis nor its recesses were detected. The walls of each of the interlobar arteries provided echogenic parallel lines, passing in the renal recesses between the renal pyramids. Arcuate arteries were demonstrated at the corticomedullary junction and interlobular arteries were detected within the renal cortex.
For the right kidney, transverse images were obtained with the ultrasonographic transducer at the last 2 intercostal spaces; images in the dorsal, sagittal, and oblique planes were obtained with the transducer placed over the caudal extremity of the kidney. In the left kidney, transverse images were made with the transducers at, and caudal to, the last intercostal space; images in the dorsal, sagittal, and oblique planes were obtained with the transducer placed over the lateral border of the kidney. The use of such a protocol ensures that the entire organ is inspected and a diagnosis of either a normal or pathologic kidney is made.
Rotational strength of double-pinning techniques in repair of transverse fractures in femurs of dogs
Authors: Dallman Mark J. , Martin Robert A. , Self Brian P. , Grant J. Wallace 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
Transverse midshaft fractures of femurs from freshly euthanatized dogs were stabilized by means of 6 methods: (1) 3.5-mm bone plate and screws, (2) single intramedullary pin, (3) double intramedullary pins retrograded proximally and driven distally to the level of the femoral trochlea, (4) double intramedullary pins retrograded distally and driven proximally into the trochanteric region, (5) double intramedullary pinning in Rush pin fashion, and (6) multiple intramedullary pinning that filled the medullary cavity at the fracture site.
All bones were subjected to torsional stress. The measured strain was converted to forces of torque and correlated with bone diameter to normalize the data. The forces of torque from each fixation technique were compared with each other and with the mean torque force necessary to fracture intact femurs.
Torsional shear applied to plated femurs resulted in failure at a mean level of 33.8% of the calculated theoretic moment. Torsional forces were concentrated at one end of the plate and catastrophically failed at that point, whereas the fracture site remained rigidly fixed. There was no significant difference in the initial moment of torsional failure between the single intramedullary pin technique (0,05 Nm) and the double-pinning techniques (0.03 Co 0.04 Nm). The multiple-pinning technique was 1.8 to 3 times as effective in resisting rotational forces, compared with the other pinning techniques, but not significantly so.
Influence of preinduction methoxamine, lactated Ringer solution, or hypertonic saline solution infusion or postinduction dobutamine infusion on anesthetic-induced hypotension in horses
Authors: Dyson Doris H. , Pascoe Peter J. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
A controlled study of the cardiovascular responses in horses anesthetized with acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg of body weight, iv), guaifenesin (100 mg/kg, iv), thiamylal (5.0 mg/kg, iv), and halothane in O2 (1.2 to 1.4% end-expired concentration) was performed to determine whether hypotension could be prevented by use of various treatments. Six horses were given 5 treatments in a randomized sequence; no treatment (control), methoxamine (0.04 mg/kg, iv), lactated Ringer solution (20.0 ml/kg, iv), 7.5% hypertonic saline solution (4.0 ml/kg, iv), or constant infusion of dobutamine (5.0 mg/kg/min, iv) during anesthesia. Heart rate, ECG, blood pressure, central venous pressure, cardiac output, blood gas analysis, pcv, and plasma total protein concentration were measured during the study.
Compared with the control value, an increase in blood pressure during halothane administration was observed after administration of lactated Ringer solution, hypertonic saline solution, or dobutamine (P < 0.05). The improved blood pressure response to hypertonic saline solution and dobutamine was related to an increase in cardiac output, which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Other statistically significant differences in cardiopulmonary responses among treatments were not observed during anesthesia. The pcv was increased in response to dobutamine infusion, and plasma total protein concentration was reduced in response to administration of hypertonic saline or lactated Ringer solution.
Thyroid and adrenal function tests in adult male ferrets
Authors: Heard Darryl J. , Collins Bobby , Chen David L. , Coniglario John 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
Effects of thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (trh) on plasma concentrations of thyroid hormones, and effects of acth and dexamethasone on plasma concentrations of cortisol, were studied in adult male ferrets. Thirteen ferrets were randomly assigned to test or control groups of eight and five animals, respectively. Combined (test + control groups) mean basal plasma thyroxine (T4) values were different between the trh (1.81 ± 0.41 μg/dl, mean + SD) and tsh (2.69 ± 0.87 μg/dl) experiments, which were performed 2 months apart. Plasma T4 values significantly (P < 0.05) increased as early as 2 hours (3.37 ± 1.10 μg/dl) and remained high until 6 hours (3,45 ± 0.86 μg/dl) after iv injection of 1 IU of tsh/ferret. In contrast, iv injection of 500 μg of trh/ferret did not induce a significant increase until 6 hours (2.75 ± 0.79) after injection, and induced side effects of hyperventilation, salivation, vomiting, and sedation. There was no significant increase in triiodothyronine (T3) values following tsh or trh administration.
Combined mean basal plasma cortisol values were not significantly different between acth stimulation (1.29 ± 0.84 μg/dl) and dexamethasone suppression test (0.74 ± 0.56 μg/dl) experiments. Intravenous injection of 0.5 IU of acth/ferret induced a significant increase in plasma cortisol concentrations by 30 minutes (5.26 ± 1.21 μg/ dl), which persisted until 60 minutes (5.17 ± 1.99 μg/dl) after injection. Plasma cortisol values significantly decreased as early as 1 hour (0.41 ± 0.13 μg/dl), and had further decreased by 5 hours (0.26 ± 0.15 μg/dl) following iv injection of 0.2 mg of dexamethasone/ferret. These results indicate that iv injection of 1 IU of tsh/ferret is preferable to iv injection of 500 μg of trh/ferret for thyroid function testing in adult male ferrets. Results of this study also indicated that when trh or tsh is used for the thyroid-stimulation test in male ferrets, plasma T4 concentrations, instead of T3, should be used as the indicator of thyroid response. Additionally, iv injection of 0.5 IU of acth and 0.2 mg of dexamethasone may be used in ferrets for the acth stimulation and dexamethasone-suppression tests, respectively.
Biological reactivity of Moraxella bovis lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Johansen K. A. , Wannemuehler M. J. , Rosenbusch R. F. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
Lipopolysaccharide (lps) was isolated from Moraxella bovis 118F and ATCC 10900, M ovis ATCC 33078, and M phenylpyruvica ATCC 23333 by hot phenol-water extraction. In silver-stained sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide electrophoresis gels, M bovis 118F lps had a smooth profile, whereas the other Moraxella preparations appeared to be rough. The lps preparations induced pyrogenicity and dermal Shwartzman reactions in rabbits, and induced production of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin- 1 in vitro. Induction of tumor necrosis factor appeared to be among the most potent biological activities of M bovis lps.
Effects of ammoniation of endophyte fungus-infested fescue hay on serum prolactin concentration and rectal temperature in beef cattle
Authors: Kerr L. A. , McCoy C. P. , Boyle C. R. , Essig H. W. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
A group of 48 crossbred steers (approx 250 kg each) were used to determine the effects of various diets and treatments on serum prolactin concentrations and rectal temperatures, The steers were randomaly assigned to groups fed the following: (1) endophyte fungus-infested fescue hay; (2) ammoniated endophyte fungus-infested fescue hay; (3) endophyte fungus-infested fescue hay plus 1 g of thiabendazole (tbz)/9.1 kg of body weight at 7-day intervals; (4) ammoniated endophyte fungus-infested fescue hay plus 1 g of tbz/9.1 kg at 7-day intervals; (5) ground Bermuda grass hay; and (6) endophyte-fungus-free fescue hay. Blood samples for prolactin determinations and rectal temperatures were obtained biweekly beginning on week 3 and continuing through week 9.
A significant correlation (P < 0.05) between low prolactin concentrations and high rectal temperatures in cattle eating endophyte-infested fescue hay was determined; however, as the prolactin concentrations approached normal (control animal) concentrations, this relationship between serum prolactin and rectal temperatures was not observed. Two antifungal agents used in this experiment (thiabendazole and ammonia) appeared to have different effects on the variables measured. Thiabendazole had no significant effect on prolactin or rectal temperatures of cattle ingesting endophyte-infested fescue hay, whereas ammoniation of this hay induced significantly higher (P < 0.05) prolactin concentrations and lower rectal temperatures than in steers receiving only endophyte-infested fescue hay. Therefore, ammonia may be valuable not only as an aid in determining the cause of the fescue problem but also as a practical solution to some of the fescue-related economic problems in the cattle industry. Also, prolactin concentrations may be valuable in diagnosing fescue-related problems.
Comparative characterization of the leukocidic and hemolytic activity of Moraxella bovis
Authors: Hoien-Dalen Patricia S. , Rosenbusch Ricardo F. , Roth James A. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
The cytotoxic effect of Moraxella bovis 118F on bovine neutrophils was evaluated and characterized by use of a 51Cr release assay. Neutrophils harvested from healthy adult cattle were labeled with 51Cr. The leukocidic activity produced by M bovis 118F, a hemolytic strain of M bovis, was heat-labile. A live culture of strain 118F, at a ratio of 100 bacteria/neutrophil, released 97.7% of the 51Cr from labeled neutrophils. Neither a heat-killed preparation of M bovis 118F nor a live or heat-killed preparation of M bovis IBH63 (a nonhemolytic and nonpathogenic strain) induced significant (P > 0.05) release of 51Cr.
Moraxella bovis 118F broth culture filtrates prepared for evaluation of leukocidic activity also were evaluated for hemolytic activity. These 2 toxic activities had several characteristics in common. Both were filterable, heat-labile, produced by a hemolytic strain, and were released during early logarithmic phase growth from broth cultures. Leukocidic and hemolytic activities were protected from degradation by phenylmethyl sulfonyl fluoride, a serine protease inhibitor. Leukocidic and hemolytic activities were dependent on calcium ions. Filtrate resulted in 54.1% 51Cr release from labeled neutrophils and contained 646.7 hemolytic U/ml, respectively, when saline (0.85% NaCl) + 10 mM CaCl2 solution was used as diluent. Neither saline solution nor saline + 10 mM MgCl2 solution supported leukocidic or hemolytic activity. Serum, obtained from several calves 10 to 38 days after M bovis inoculation, substantially neutralized leukocidic and hemolytic activities, compared with paired preinoculation serum samples. In addition, no significant difference (P > 0.05) was detected when the ability of each calf's postinfection serum to neutralize leukocidic activity was compared with the ability of the serum to neutralize hemolytic activity.
Prevention of reperfusion injury in surgically induced gastric dilatation-volvulus in dogs
Authors: Badylak Stephen F. , Lantz Gary C. , Jeffries Melanie 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
Canine gastric dilatation-volvulus (gdv) is a naturally acquired condition of large-breed dogs primarily and is associated with high mortality. The clinical course suggests that reperfusion injury may be important in the pathogenesis of gdv. To evaluate the role of xanthine oxidase and iron-dependent lipid peroxidation (which are purported mechanisms of reperfusion injury) in the pathogenesis of gdv-related mortality, we created experimental gdv in 21 dogs. These dogs were then treated with either allopurinol (a xanthine oxidase inhibitor), U74006F (an experimental lipid peroxidation inhibitor), or saline solution (NaCl, 0.85%). Three of 8 dogs died in the allopurinol-treated group, none of 5 died in the U74006F-treated group, and 4 of 8 died in the saline solution-treated group. Tissue malondialdehyde concentration, a nonspecific indicator of lipid peroxidation, was significantly (P < 0.05) greater in the duodenum, jejunum, colon, liver, and pancreas of the saline-solution treated and allopurinol-treated dogs than in the same tissues of the U74006F-treated dogs after surgical correction of the gdv (ie, during reperfusion), compared with malondialdehyde concentrations determined before inducing gdv. The results of this study support the concept that lipid peroxidation associated with reperfusion injury is important in the pathogenesis and high mortality of canine gdv. Furthermore, this lipid peroxidation and mortality may be preventable by appropriate and timely treatment.
Eleven-year analysis of changes in the incidence and recurrence of cystic ovarian disease in a herd of dairy cattle in California
Authors: Scholl Daniel T. , BonDurant Robert H. , Farver Thomas B. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
Individual card records of all cows that began 1 or more lactations between the inclusive dates of Jan 1, 1976 and Dec 31, 1986 were obtained from a California dairy herd. Calving date, lactation number, physical examination date, conception date, and clinical findings pertinent to cystic ovarian disease (cod) were extracted from the records. Lactation-specific data were organized into cohorts by quarter and year in which lactation began, and the following estimates were calculated for each of the 44 cohorts: separate actuarial cumulative incidences for cows in their first lactation, cows in the second or later lactation, and all cows combined; separate proportions of the incident cases that were in their second or greater lactation and that had recurred from any previous lactation; proportions of the incident cases that had recurrence of cod 1 or more times, and recurrence 2 or more times during the lactation; and the mean number of days in lactation at diagnosis of the incident case. Time-series analysis and multiple-regression modeling procedures were used to characterize changes in the overall incidence rate over the study period and to describe the contribution of additional measures to the dynamics of the incidence rates. The quarterly actuarial cumulative incidences of cod increased concurrently with the increased incidence among cows in the second or later lactation. Neither the proportion of incident cases that were diseased during a previous lactation nor the proportion of cases that were in the second or later lactation contributed to the observed changes in the overall incidence rate. The proportions of incident cases that recurred 1 or more times during the lactation did not increase, but the proportions that had 2 or more recurrences increased equivocally.
Urinary indices of renal function in sheep with induced aminoglycoside nephrotoxicosis
Authors: Garry Franklyn , Chew Dennis J. , Hoffsis Glen F. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
Aminoglycoside nephrotoxicosis (agnt) was induced in ewes by daily sc administration of gentamicin. Changes in urinary indices of renal function during the development of agnt are reported. Measurements from timed, volume-measured urine samples were made on days 0, 7, and 8 and included creatinine clearance, total excretion (te) rates of electrolytes (Na, K, Cl, P) and urine volume. Measurements from free-catch urine samples (without volume measurement) were made daily and included fractional excretion (fe) rate of electrolytes, urine osmolality, and urine-to-serum osmolality and urine-to-serum creatinine ratios. With the onset of agnt, FE rates of Na, K, Cl, and P increased many fold above baseline values (200 ×, 4 to 5 ×, 6 to 9 ×, and 70 to 95 ×, respectively, on days 7 and 8), indicating decreased tubular reabsorption or increased tubular secretion. The increased FE rates were not representative of increases in total electrolyte excretion rates. The total excretion of Na (TENa) was mildly increased, TEK was decreased, TECl was unchanged, and TEP was significantly increased on days 7 and 8. Abnormal urinalysis results, glucosuria, and increased FEP preceded appreciable increase in serum creatinine concentration. Other abnormal urinary indices of renal function coincided with or followed the increase in serum creatinine concentration. Urinary indices may help characterize renal function associated with the disease state, but did not provide early indication of agnt.