Magnetic Structures and Turbulence in SN 1006 Revealed with Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry
Authors: Zhou Ping , Prokhorov Dmitry , Ferrazzoli Riccardo , Yang Yi-Jung , Slane Patrick , Vink Jacco , Silvestri Stefano , Bucciantini Niccolò , Reynoso Estela , Moffett David , Soffitta Paolo , Swartz Doug , Kaaret Philip , Baldini Luca , Costa Enrico , Ng C.-Y. , Kim Dawoon E. , Doroshenko Victor , Ehlert Steven R. , Heyl Jeremy , Marin Frédéric , Mizuno Tsunefumi , Pesce-Rollins Melissa , Sgrò Carmelo , Tamagawa Toru , Weisskopf Martin C. , Xie Fei , Agudo Iván , Antonelli Lucio A. , Bachetti Matteo , Baumgartner Wayne H. , Bellazzini Ronaldo , Bianchi Stefano , Bongiorno Stephen D. , Bonino Raffaella , Brez Alessandro , Capitanio Fiamma , Castellano Simone , Cavazzuti Elisabetta , Chen Chien-Ting , Ciprini Stefano , De Rosa Alessandra , Del Monte Ettore , Di Gesu Laura , Di Lalla Niccolò , Di Marco Alessandro , Donnarumma Immacolata , Dovčiak Michal , Enoto Teruaki , Evangelista Yuri , Fabiani Sergio , Garcia Javier A. , Gunji Shuichi , Hayashida Kiyoshi , Iwakiri Wataru , Jorstad Svetlana G. , Kislat Fabian , Karas Vladimir , Kitaguchi Takao , Kolodziejczak Jeffery J. , Krawczynski Henric , La Monaca Fabio , Latronico Luca , Liodakis Ioannis , Maldera Simone , Manfreda Alberto , Marinucci Andrea , Marscher Alan P. , Marshall Herman L. , Matt Giorgio , Mitsuishi Ikuyuki , Muleri Fabio , Negro Michela , O’Dell Stephen L. , Omodei Nicola , Oppedisano Chiara , Papitto Alessandro , Pavlov George G. , Peirson Abel L. , Perri Matteo , Petrucci Pierre-Olivier , Pilia Maura , Possenti Andrea , Poutanen Juri , Puccetti Simonetta , Ramsey Brian D. , Rankin John , Ratheesh Ajay , Roberts Oliver , Romani Roger W. , Spandre Gloria , Tavecchio Fabrizio , Taverna Roberto , Tawara Yuzuru , Tennant Allyn F. , Thomas Nicholas E. , Tombesi Francesco , Trois Alessio , Tsygankov Sergey S. , Turolla Roberto , Wu Kinwah , Zane Silvia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Young supernova remnants strongly modify the surrounding magnetic fields, which in turn play an essential role in accelerating cosmic rays (CRs). The X-ray polarization measurements probe magnetic field morphology and turbulence at the immediate acceleration site. We report the X-ray polarization distribution in the northeastern shell of SN 1006 from a 1 Ms observation with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer. We found an average polarization degree of 22.4% ± 3.5% and an average polarization angle of −45.°4 ± 4.°5 (measured on the plane of the sky from north to east). The X-ray polarization angle distribution reveals that the magnetic fields immediately behind the shock in the northeastern shell of SN 1006 are nearly parallel to the shock normal or radially distributed, similar to that in the radio observations, and consistent with the quasi-parallel CR acceleration scenario. The X-ray emission is marginally more polarized than that in the radio band. The X-ray polarization degree of SN 1006 is much larger than that in Cas A and Tycho, together with the relatively tenuous and smooth ambient medium of the remnant, favoring that CR-induced instabilities set the magnetic turbulence in SN 1006, and CR acceleration is environment-dependent.