bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a novel algorithm for the adaptive calculation of transient stratified flow of gas, oil and water in pipelines
Authors: Hanich L. , Thompson C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a mathematical model for three‐phase flow in pipelines is developed and a novel algorithm for solving the resulting system of partial differential equations is presented. The numerical solution is based on an adaptive mesh refinement technique. Significant gains in the numerical performance have been achieved by using this technique combined with high‐resolution schemes like FCT. This approach is highly beneficial in terms of speed while preserving accuracy. An explicit adaptive numerical solver adaptive conservation law solver (ACLS) has been developed in fortran90 using object‐oriented methods, which give a modular and flexible code. Some numerical tests are performed to show the good behaviour of this solver and to compare the numerical results against the experimental data. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Remarks on the interpretation of current non‐linear finite element analyses as differential–algebraic equations
Authors: Ellsiepen P. , Hartmann S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFor the numerical solution of materially non‐linear problems like in computational plasticity or viscoplasticity the finite element discretization in space is usually coupled with point‐wise defined evolution equations characterizing the material behaviour. The interpretation of such systems as differential–algebraic equations (DAE) allows modern‐day integration algorithms from Numerical Mathematics to be efficiently applied. Especially, the application of diagonally implicit Runge–Kutta methods (DIRK) together with a Multilevel‐Newton method preserves the algorithmic structure of current finite element implementations which are based on the principle of virtual displacements and on backward Euler schemes for the local time integration. Moreover, the notion of the consistent tangent operator becomes more obvious in this context. The quadratical order of convergence of the Multilevel‐Newton algorithm is usually validated by numerical studies. However, an analytical proof of this second order convergence has already been given by authors in the field of non‐linear electrical networks. We show that this proof can be applied in the current context based on the DAE interpretation mentioned above. We finally compare the proposed procedure to several well‐known stress algorithms and show that the inclusion of a step‐size control based on local error estimations merely requires a small extra time‐investment. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On a progressive simultaneous iteration method for vibration analysis of gyroscopic systems
Authors: Gupta K. K. , Lawson C. L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper presents details of an eigenproblem solution procedure for the efficient and accurate free vibration analysis of gyroscopic systems such as spinning structures. The procedure enables computation of the first few roots and vectors without having to compute any other. While structural discretization is achieved by the standard finite element method, eigenproblem solution of the resulting equations is effected by a newly developed progressive simultaneous iterative (PSI) method. Numerical solution of relevant example problems re presented which are compared to those obtained by ther existing analysis techniques, testifying to substantial gains in the efficacy of the newly developed solution algorithm. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Finite element modelling of hybrid active–passive vibration damping of multilayer piezoelectric sandwich beams—part I: Formulation
Authors: Trindade M. A. , Benjeddou A. , Ohayon R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis work, in two parts, proposes, in this first part, an electromechanically coupled finite element model to handle active–passive damped multilayer sandwich beams, consisting of a viscoelastic core sandwiched between layered piezoelectric faces. The latter are modelled using the classical laminate theory, whereas the face/core/face system is modelled using classical three‐layers sandwich theory, assuming Euler–Bernoulli thin faces and a Timoshenko relatively thick core. The frequency‐dependence of the viscoelastic material is handled through the anelastic displacement fields (ADF) model. To make the control system feasible, a modal reduction is applied to the resulting ADF augmented system. Validation of the approach developed in this part is presented in Part 2 of the paper together with the hybrid damping performance analysis of a cantilever beam. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Finite element modelling of hybrid active–passive vibration damping of multilayer piezoelectric sandwich beams—part II: System analysis
Authors: Trindade M. A. , Benjeddou A. , Ohayon R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn electromechanically coupled finite element model has been presented in Part 1 of this paper in order to handle active–passive damped multilayer sandwich beams, consisting of a viscoelastic core sandwiched between layered piezoelectric faces. Its validation is achieved, in the present part, through modal analysis comparisons with numerical and experimental results found in the literature. After its validation, the new finite element is applied to the constrained optimal control of a sandwich cantilever beam with viscoelastic core through a pair of attached piezoelectric actuators. The hybrid damping performance of this five‐layer configuration is studied under viscoelastic layer thickness and actuator length variations. It is shown that hybrid active–passive damping allows to increase damping of some selected modes while preventing instability of uncontrolled ones and that modal damping distribution can be optimized by proper choice of the viscoelastic material thickness. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transient vibration and sound radiation of a rectangular plate with viscoelastic boundary supports
Authors: Fan Zijie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis work considers transient vibration and sound radiation from an impact‐excited rectangular plate with viscoelastic boundary supports. The approach used is based on the modal strain energy (MSE) method. Vibration of the plate is approximated by a double infinite series in the spatial co‐ordinates. Each term of the series is constructed with vibration modes of beams having the same boundary conditions as the plate, multiplied by a time‐dependent function. Modal loss factor of each mode is obtained by the MSE method. The sound radiation pressure in the time and frequency domain is obtained by numerical integration of the Rayleigh integral. Effects of the viscoelastic boundary supports on the vibration response and the radiated sound pressure of the vibrating plate are also discussed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lung volume reduction surgery in lieu of pneumonectomy in an infant with severe unilateral pulmonary interstitial emphysema*
Authors: Messineo Antonio , Fusaro F. , Mognato G. , Sabatti M. , D'Amore E.S.G. , Guglielmi M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA male infant with a prenatal diagnosis (at 20 weeks' gestation) of cystic adenomatoid malformation was delivered after 38 weeks' gestation (birth weight, 3 kg) and admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. During the first few days of life, he developed mild respiratory distress; a chest radiograph and computed tomography scan showed multiple cystic areas in the left lower lobe with hyperinflation and herniation of the upper lobe across the midline. At 3 weeks of age, a left lower lobectomy was performed for presumed cystic malformation. To our surprize the pathology reports revealed pulmonary interstitial emphysema. The postoperative chest radiograph was unchanged, and mechanical ventilation was necessary and required progressively increasing ventilatory settings to provide adequate support. High‐frequency oscillatory ventilation and selective right bronchus intubation failed to improve lung function.After 3 weeks, a left thoracotomy was repeated and lung volume reduction was performed with removal of 50' of the peripheral hyperinflated parenchyma. Postoperative recovery was rapid; the child was weaned from the ventilator after 3 days and discharged after 3 weeks. Follow‐up chest X‐rays showed a normally expanded right lung with mediastinal structures back to midline and a small left lung. Favorable results persisted at 3 years of follow‐up.This first and successful experience with lung volume reduction in a neonate suggests that infants who need removal of a large portion of lung parenchyma to achieve adequate ventilation and gas exchange, lung volume reduction surgery should be considered as an alternative to pneumonectomy. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2001; 31:389–393. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Production of low-density and high-strength paperboards by controlled micro-nano fibrillation of fibers
Authors: Ahadian Hamidreza , Ceccherini Sara , Sharifi Zamani Elaheh , Phiri Josphat , Maloney Thaddeus 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOne of the critical challenges in the fiber-based packaging industry is to produce low-density paperboards with high functionality and attractive cost structure. In this study, we examine how control of the hierarchical fiber swelling can be used to enhance bonding and generate a low-density fiber network with excellent strength properties. Here, the osmotic pressure inside the cell wall is increased by adding phosphate groups with a deep eutectic solvent (DES) functional drying method. Together with mechanical refining, this process causes the fibril aggregates to split and swell up massively. This effect was measured by a novel thermoporosimetry analysis method. The treated fibers have enhanced external fibrillation, fibrillar fines and bonding potential. When mixed with relatively stiff, unrefined fibers, a well-bonded sheet with lower density than a conventionally refined reference sheet was achieved. The results suggest that pulp fibers can be “nanoengineered” to enhance performance without the complications of producing and adding nanocellulose.
A Structural Equation Model to Explain Gambling Problem Severity in Adolescents with an Integrated Perspective
Authors: Donati Maria Anna , Vehkalahti Kimmo , Capitanucci Daniela , Primi Caterina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo be effective in the prevention of adolescent problem gambling, it is fundamental to enhance knowledge about the antecedents of gambling problem severity and the mechanisms through which these dimensions are related to problematic gambling behavior. This study aimed at testing how selected cognitive (correct knowledge of gambling and gambling-related cognitive distortions) and affective (positive economic perception of gambling and expectation and enjoyment and arousal towards gambling) variables are related to gambling frequency and gambling problem severity. Problem gambling was conceptualized as Gambling Disorder symptoms according to the last edition of the DSM. Participants were 447 Italian high school students (68% males, mean age = 16.8, SD = 0.84). Structural Equation Models (SEMs) conducted with adolescent gamblers attested two indirect effects from knowledge to problem gambling: One through gambling-related cognitive distortions and one through gambling frequency. Overall, results confirmed that adolescent problem gambling is a complex phenomenon explained by multiple and different factors. Practical implications for preventive efforts are discussed.
Breastfeeding and Sleeping Patterns Among 6–12-Month-Old Infants in Norway
Authors: Madar Ahmed A. , Kurniasari Astrid , Marjerrison Niki , Mdala Ibrahimu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Parental behavior and infant sleep patterns can vary widely both within and between cultures and settings. Breastfeeding during the second half-year of infancy has been associated with frequent night waking, which is perceived as sleep problem among the Western societies. An understanding of sleeping patterns among breastfed infants during the second half-year of infancy is important in supporting continued breastfeeding.

Objectives
The study aimed to investigate the sleeping patterns among breastfed infants during second half-year of infancy.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study. Three hundred and forty-two mothers of 6–12 months old breastfed infants completed the questionnaires on socio-demographic factors, breastfeeding practices, and infant sleeping patterns, which were assessed by using the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ). The Cox regression model was used to assess the factors that were associated with night sleep duration whereas demographic factors and breastfeeding practices that were associated with night waking frequency were investigated using the Poisson regression model.

Results
On average, the breastfed infants slept for 11 h during the night and most infants were reported to have night waking (96.8%) and were breastfed at least once at night (93.5%). In the adjusted analyses, infants in the age group 9–12 months were less likely to sleep longer compared to infants in the 6–8 months age group [HR 1.52 95% CI (1.17, 1.98)]. A one-hour increase in daytime sleep and in night wakefulness increased the likelihood of waking up at night by 19% and 24%, respectively. Infants who had been vaccinated within the last 7 days and infants who were breastfed to sleep were more likely to have a shorter nighttime sleep duration. Nighttime breastfeeding frequency was significantly associated with a 17% increase in the likelihood of night waking [IRR 1.17 95% CI (1.13, 1.22)]. Infants who slept on their parents’ bed were 1.28 times more likely to wake up at night compared to infants who slept in a separate room [IRR 1.28 95% CI (1.05, 1.59)]. Infants of parents who reported that their infants’ sleep was not a problem were 34% less likely to wake up compared to infants of parents who reported that their infants’ sleep was a problem [IRR 0.66 95% CI (0.49, 0.87)].

Conclusions for Practice
Frequent night waking, bed sharing and night breastfeeding were common among 6–12 months old breastfed infants. Frequent night breastfeeding may lengthen an infant’s nighttime sleep duration. The study findings indicate that adequate information and support should be given to breastfeeding mothers in relation to the sleeping pattern of breastfed infants in order to promote continued breastfeeding practices.
Death knell or revival? Navigating religious education in the age of the non-religious
Authors: Wareham Ruth J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEngland and Wales are now amongst the least religious countries in the world. According to Census data between 2011 and 2021, the number of people identifying as having ‘No Religion’ jumped by over 8 million, from 25% to 37%. Further, although there was a small upward shift in those identifying with minority religions, during the same period, the number of people identifying as Christian dropped by 5.5 million to 46.2% of the population. Wales is particularly irreligious. Here, 47% ticked ‘No Religion’ compared to 44% ‘Christian’. But even in Northern Ireland, where the majority still identify with a Christian denomination, the non-religious population has nearly doubled (from 10 to 17%) in the last decade. This surge in the non-religious will (and ought to) affect policy in a wide range of areas, but it is likely to be most profoundly felt in education; be that via reforms designed to better accommodate non-religious learners or attempts to reverse what is seen as a threatening trend by some religious groups and organisations. In this paper I explore the implications of this rapid demographic shift on religious education (RE). I argue that, while some may view the growth of the non-religious as a ‘death knell’ signalling the subject’s impending demise, it actually presents an unparalleled opportunity for revitalisation.
Alkaloid-rich extract of Buchholzia coriacea seed mitigate the effect of copper-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Anadozie Scholastica O. , Aduma Asueiza U. , Adewale Olusola B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBuchholzia coriacea is known for its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic properties. This study evaluated the effect of alkaloid-rich extract of Buchholzia coriacea seed (ArEBCs) against copper-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. The flies were exposed to graded doses (25 to 200 mg/kg diet) of ArEBCs for 12 days and thereafter, a survival test was carried out to determine the safe and therapeutic doses used in the ameliorative study. For this, flies were exposed to CuSO4 (1 mM) alone or in combination with ArEBCs (25 and 50 mg/kg diet) for 5 days. Locomotor activity and biochemical assays such as glucose (GLU) level, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, malonaldehyde (MDA) and antioxidant biomarkers (catalase and reduced glutathione) were performed to assess the effect of ArEBCs on the copper-induced flies. Copper-exposed flies showed reduced survival rates and disrupted locomotor activity when compared to the control flies. In addition, a significant (p < 0.05) increase in AChE activity, GLU and MDA levels and a decrease in the antioxidant biomarkers activities were observed in the copper-exposed flies. Treatment of flies with ArEBCs mitigated the negative effect of copper on the flies by increasing the survival rate of the flies, reducing the activities of AChE, GLU and MDA. The activities of the cellular antioxidant status were also significantly (p < 0.05) increased. This study suggests that ArEBCs could mitigate the effect of copper-induced oxidative damage in Drosophila melanogaster and could be considered a potential therapeutic agent against copper-induced oxidative damage.
Bringing sensation to prosthetic hands—chronic assessment of implanted thin-film electrodes in humans
Authors: Čvančara Paul , Valle Giacomo , Müller Matthias , Bartels Inga , Guiho Thomas , Hiairrassary Arthur , Petrini Francesco , Raspopovic Stanisa , Strauss Ivo , Granata Giuseppe , Fernandez Eduardo , Rossini Paolo M. , Barbaro Massimo , Yoshida Ken , Jensen Winnie , Divoux Jean-Louis , Guiraud David , Micera Silvestro , Stieglitz Thomas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDirect stimulation of peripheral nerves with implantable electrodes successfully provided sensory feedback to amputees while using hand prostheses. Longevity of the electrodes is key to success, which we have improved for the polyimide-based transverse intrafascicular multichannel electrode (TIME). The TIMEs were implanted in the median and ulnar nerves of three trans-radial amputees for up to six months. We present a comprehensive assessment of the electrical properties of the thin-film metallization as well as material status post explantationem. The TIMEs stayed within the electrochemical safe limits while enabling consistent and precise amplitude modulation. This lead to a reliable performance in terms of eliciting sensation. No signs of corrosion or morphological change to the thin-film metallization of the probes was observed by means of electrochemical and optical analysis. The presented longevity demonstrates that thin-film electrodes are applicable in permanent implant systems.
Cumulative exposure to tacrolimus during early period after liver transplantation does not affect the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kim Deok-Gie , Yim Seung Hyuk , Min Eun-Ki , Choi Mun Chae , Joo Dong Jin , Kim Myoung Soo , Lee Jae Geun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe clinical effects of tacrolimus (TAC) exposure on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after liver transplantation (LT) remain unclear. In this retrospective single centric study, 512 patients who underwent LT for HCC were divided into four groups according to cumulative exposure to tacrolimus (CET) during 3 months after LT: conventional (n = 218), aggressive minimization (n = 32), minimization (n = 161), and high exposure (n = 101). Impact of CET on HCC recurrence and death were analyzed. Compared with the conventional group, the other three CET groups showed a similar risk of HCC recurrence. The aggressive minimization group showed a higher risk [hazard ratio (HR) 5.64, P < 0.001] and the high exposure group showed a marginal risk (HR 1.67, P = 0.081) of overall death compared to the conventional group. CET during 3 months was not associated with HCC recurrence in the matched cohort and various subgroups. TAC minimization is not effective to prevent HCC recurrence but could result in higher mortality in LT recipients.
Objective interpretation of ultraviolet-induced luminescence for characterizing pictorial materials
Authors: Caccia M. , Caglio S. , Galli A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUltraviolet-induced Luminescence (UVL) is the property of some materials of emitting light once illuminated by a source of UV radiation. This feature is characteristic of some mediums and pigments, such as some red lakes, widely used for the realisation of works of art. On the one hand, UVL represents a like strike for a researcher in the cultural heritage field: in fact, UVL allows to characterise the state of conservation of the paintings and, in some cases, to recognize at glance some of the materials used by the artists. On the other hand, the contribution of UVL to the study of the artefacts is almost always limited to qualitative observation, while any speculation about the cause of the luminescence emission relies on the observer’s expertise. The aim of this paper is to overcome this paradigm, moving a step toward a more quantitative interpretation of the luminescence signal. The obtained results concern the case study of pictorial materials by Giuseppe Pellizza da Volpedo (1868–1907, Volpedo, AL, Italy) including his iconic masterpiece Quarto Stato (1889–1901), but the method has general validity and can be applied whenever the appropriate experimental conditions occur. Once designed an appropriate set-up, the statistical comparison between the acquisitions performed on Quarto Stato, on a palette belonged to the master, on drafts made by the author himself and on a set of ad hoc prepared samples both with commercial contemporary pigments and prepared with the traditional recipe, shed some light on which materials have been employed by the artist, where they have been applied and support some intriguing speculations on the use of the industrial lakes in the Quarto Stato painting.
Global burden and influencing factors of chronic kidney disease due to type 2 diabetes in adults aged 20–59 years, 1990–2019
Authors: Xie Dandan , Ma Tianpeng , Cui Haoliang , Li Jing , Zhang Aihua , Sheng Zhifeng , Xie Yiqiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPopulation structure and lifestyles may have contributed to the epidemiological status of Chronic Kidney Disease due to Type 2 Diabetes (CKD-T2D). This study is a secondary data analysis. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study, we describe the changes in CKD-T2D burden and its influencing factors in the population aged 20–59 years from 1990 to 2019. Globally, the incidence, death, and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) rate of CKD-T2D showed an upward trend and increased with age, and the burden in males was higher than that in females. Population growth and aging were important driving factors for the increase of CKD-T2D DALY burden, while high systolic blood pressure and high body-mass index were the primary attributable risk factors. High body-mass index exhibited higher contributions to high Socioeconomic Development Index (SDI) countries, whereas low SDI countries were more impacted by high systolic blood pressure. The population attributable fraction of CKD-T2D DALY caused by high body-mass index was positively correlated with SDI, while high temperature and lead exposure were negatively correlated. Therefore, strengthening disease screening for people aged 20–59 years and formulating early intervention measures based on the level of socioeconomic development may effectively alleviate the burden of CKD-T2D.