bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computational aspects of Calogero–Moser spaces
Authors: Bonnafé Cédric , Thiel Ulrich 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe present a series of algorithms for computing geometric and representation-theoretic invariants of Calogero–Moser spaces and rational Cherednik algebras associated with complex reflection groups. In particular, we are concerned with Calogero–Moser families (which correspond to the $$\mathbb {C}^\times $$

C

×

-fixed points of the Calogero–Moser space) and cellular characters (a proposed generalization by Rouquier and the first author of Lusztig’s constructible characters based on a Galois covering of the Calogero–Moser space). To compute the former, we devised an algorithm for determining generators of the center of the rational Cherednik algebra (this algorithm has several further applications), and to compute the latter we developed an algorithmic approach to the construction of cellular characters via Gaudin operators. We have implemented all our algorithms in the Cherednik Algebra Magma Package by the second author and used this to confirm open conjectures in several new cases. As an interesting application in birational geometry we are able to determine for many exceptional complex reflection groups the chamber decomposition of the movable cone of a $$\mathbb {Q}$$
Q
-factorial terminalization (and thus the number of non-isomorphic relative minimal models) of the associated symplectic singularity. Making possible these computations was also a source of inspiration for the first author to propose several conjectures about the geometry of Calogero–Moser spaces (cohomology, fixed points, symplectic leaves), often in relation with the representation theory of finite reductive groups.
Lessons Learned in Elective Surgeries After 6 Pandemic Waves of SARS‐CoV‐2. A Single European Center Experience
Authors: García‐Botella Alejandra , De la Serna Esteban Sofía , López‐Antoñanzas Leyre , Avellana‐Moreno Rocío , Dziakova Jana , Cano Valderrama Oscar , Martín‐Antona Esteban , Serrano‐García Irene , Torres García Antonio José 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe reported high surgical morbidity and mortality in patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 prompted preoperative screening and modification of surgical protocols. Although vaccination and treatment of COVID‐19 have resulted in lower hospitalization rates and infection severity, publications on postoperative results have not been updated. The aim of the study was to analyze the outcomes of patients undergoing surgery in two periods with high incidence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, before and after vaccination.Materials and MethodsThis is a prospective cohort study of patients undergoing surgery in two periods: March–June 2020 (Group2020) and December 2021–February 2022 (Group2022) (after massive vaccination).ResultsIn total, 618 patients who underwent surgery were included in the analysis (Group2020: 343 vs. Group2022: 275). Significantly more oncological procedures were performed in Group2020, and there were no differences in postoperative complications. Nosocomial SARS‐CoV‐2 infection occurred in 4 patients in Group2020 and 1 patient in Group2022. In Group 2022, 70 patients (25.4%) had COVID‐19 prior to surgery, and 68 (97.1%) were vaccinated. Comparative analysis between patients with past COVID‐19 and those without showed no difference in postoperative morbidity and mortality. According to the time elapsed between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and surgery (≤ 7 or > 7 weeks), comparative analysis showed no significant differences.ConclusionThe establishment of preoperative screening protocols for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection results in a low incidence of nosocomial infection and optimal postoperative outcomes. Preoperative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in vaccinated patients was not associated with increased postoperative complications, even in shorter periods after infection. In surgical patients, individualized preoperative evaluation after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection may be more important than strict time limitation.
Collagen peptide supplementation before bedtime reduces sleep fragmentation and improves cognitive function in physically active males with sleep complaints
Authors: Thomas Craig , Kingshott Ruth N. , Allott Kirsty M. , Tang Jonathan C. Y. , Dunn Rachel , Fraser William D. , Thorley Josh , Virgilio Nicolina , Prawitt Janne , Hogervorst Eef , Škarabot Jakob , Clifford Tom 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The primary aim of this study was to examine whether a glycine-rich collagen peptides (CP) supplement could enhance sleep quality in physically active men with self-reported sleep complaints.

Methods
In a randomized, crossover design, 13 athletic males (age: 24 ± 4 years; training volume; 7 ± 3 h·wk1) with sleep complaints (Athens Insomnia Scale, 9 ± 2) consumed CP (15 g·day1) or a placebo control (CON) 1 h before bedtime for 7 nights. Sleep quality was measured with subjective sleep diaries and actigraphy for 7 nights; polysomnographic sleep and core temperature were recorded on night 7. Cognition, inflammation, and endocrine function were measured on night 7 and the following morning. Subjective sleepiness and fatigue were measured on all 7 nights. The intervention trials were separated by ≥ 7 days and preceded by a 7-night familiarisation trial.

Results
Polysomnography showed less awakenings with CP than CON (21.3 ± 9.7 vs. 29.3 ± 13.8 counts, respectively; P = 0.028). The 7-day average for subjective awakenings were less with CP vs. CON (1.3 ± 1.5 vs. 1.9 ± 0.6 counts, respectively; P = 0.023). The proportion of correct responses on the baseline Stroop cognitive test were higher with CP than CON (1.00 ± 0.00 vs. 0.97 ± 0.05 AU, respectively; P = 0.009) the morning after night 7. There were no trial differences in core temperature, endocrine function, inflammation, subjective sleepiness, fatigue and sleep quality, or other measures of cognitive function or sleep (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
CP supplementation did not influence sleep quantity, latency, or efficiency, but reduced awakenings and improved cognitive function in physically active males with sleep complaints.
Epidemiology of acute kidney injury in children: a report from the 26th Acute Disease Quality Initiative (ADQI) consensus conference
Authors: Sutherland Scott M. , Alobaidi Rashid , Gorga Stephen M. , Iyengar Arpana , Morgan Catherine , Heydari Emma , Arikan A. Ayse Akcan , Basu Raj K. , Goldstein Stuart L. , Zappitelli Michael ,   the ADQI 26 Workgroup, Askenazi David J. , Bagshaw Sean M. , Barhight Matthew , Barreto Erin , Bayrakci Benan , Bignall O. N. Ray , Bjornstad Erica , Brophy Patrick , Charlton Jennifer , Chanchlani Rahul , Conroy Andrea L. , Deep Akash , Devarajan Prasad , Dolan Kristin , Fuhrman Dana Y. , Gist Katja M. , Greenberg Jason H. , Hasson Denise , Jetton Jennifer , Krawczeski Catherine , Meigs Leslie , Menon Shina , Morgan Jolyn , Mottes Theresa , Neumayr Tara , Ricci Zaccaria , Selewski David T. , Soranno Danielle , Stanski Natalja , Starr Michelle , Symons Jordan , Tavares Marcelo , Vega Molly , Ronco Claudio , Mehta Ravindra L. , Kellum John , Ostermann Marlies 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe nephrology and critical care communities have seen an increase in studies exploring acute kidney injury (AKI) epidemiology in children. As a result, we now know that AKI is highly prevalent in critically ill neonates, children, and young adults. Furthermore, children who develop AKI experience greater morbidity and higher mortality. Yet knowledge gaps still exist that suggest a more comprehensive understanding of AKI will form the foundation for future efforts designed to improve outcomes. In particular, the areas of community acquired AKI, AKI in non-critically ill children, and cohorts from low-middle income countries have not been well studied. Longer-term functional outcomes and patient-centric metrics including social determinants of health, quality of life, and healthcare utilization should be the foci of the next phase of scholarship. Current definitions identify AKI-based upon evidence of dysfunction which serves as a proxy for injury; biomarkers capable of identifying injury as it occurs are likely to more accurately define populations with AKI. Despite the strength of the association, the causal and mechanistic relationships between AKI and poorer outcomes remain inadequately examined. A more robust understanding of the relationship represents a potential to identify therapeutic targets. Once established, a more comprehensive understanding of AKI epidemiology in children will allow investigation of preventive, therapeutic, and quality improvement interventions more effectively.
Growing rods in meningomyelocele lead to increased risk for complications in comparison with fusion; a retrospective study of 30 patients treated for at the University Hospital of Uppsala
Authors: Kontakis Michael G. , Pazarlis Konstantinos , Karlsson Thomas , Jonsson Håkan , Schizas Nikos 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the complication rates of two different types of posterior instrumentation in patients with MMC, namely, definitive fusion and fusionless surgery (growing rods).

Methods
Single-center retrospective study of 30 MMC patients that underwent posterior instrumentation for deformity (scoliosis and/or kyphosis) treatment from 2008 until 2020. The patients were grouped based on whether they received definitive fusion or a growth-accommodating system, whether they had a complication that led to early surgery, osteotomy or non-osteotomy. Number of major operations, Cobb angle correction and perioperative blood loss were the outcomes.

Results
18 patients received a growing system and 12 were fused at index surgery. The growing system group underwent a mean of 2.38 (± 1.03) surgeries versus 1.91 (± 2.27) in the fusion group, p = 0.01. If an early revision was necessitated due to a complication, then the number of major surgeries per patient was 3.37 (± 2.44) versus 1.77 (± 0.97) in the group that did not undergo an early revision, p = 0.01. Four patients developed a superficial and six a deep wound infection, while loosening/breakage occurred in 10 patients. The Cobb angle was improved from a mean of 69 to 22 degrees postoperatively. Osteotomy did not lead to an increase in perioperative blood loss or number of major operations.

Conclusion
Growing systems had more major operations in comparison with fusion surgery and early revision surgery led to higher numbers of major operations per patient; these differences were statistically significant. Definitive fusion at index surgery might be the better option in some MMC patients with a high-risk profile.
Stroma AReactive Invasion Front Areas (SARIFA) proves prognostic relevance in gastric carcinoma and is based on a tumor–adipocyte interaction indicating an altered immune response
Authors: Grosser Bianca , Heyer Christian M. , Austgen Johannes , Sipos Eva , Reitsam Nic G. , Hauser Andreas , VanSchoiack Alison , Kroeppler David , Vlasenko Dmytro , Probst Andreas , Novotny Alexander , Weichert Wilko , Keller Gisela , Schlesner Matthias , Märkl Bruno 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Recently, we presented Stroma AReactive Invasion Front Areas (SARIFA) as a new histomorphologic negative prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer. It is defined as direct contact between tumor cells and fat cells. The aim of this study was to further elucidate the underlying genomic, transcriptional, and immunological mechanisms of the SARIFA phenomenon.

Methods
To address these questions, SARIFA was classified on H&E-stained tissue sections of three cohorts: an external cohort (n = 489, prognostic validation), the TCGA-STAD cohort (n = 194, genomic and transcriptomic analysis), and a local cohort (n = 60, digital spatial profiling (whole transcriptome) and double RNA in situ hybridization/immunostaining of cytokines).

Results
SARIFA status proved to be an independent negative prognostic factor for overall survival in an external cohort of gastric carcinomas. In TCGA-STAD cohort, SARIFA is not driven by distinct genomic alterations, whereas the gene expression analyses showed an upregulation of FABP4 in SARIFA-positive tumors. In addition, the transcriptional regulations of white adipocyte differentiation, triglyceride metabolism, and catabolism were upregulated in pathway analyses. In the DSP analysis of SARIFA-positive tumors, FABP4 and the transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation were upregulated in macrophages. Additionally, a significantly lower expression of the cytokines IL6 and TNFα was observed at the invasion front.

Conclusions
SARIFA proves to be a strong negative prognostic biomarker in advanced gastric cancer, implicating an interaction of tumor cells with tumor-promoting adipocytes with crucial changes in tumor cell metabolism. SARIFA is not driven by tumor genetics but is very likely driven by an altered immune response as a causative mechanism.
Time stationarity, shape and ordinal ranking bias of RCA indexes: a new set of measures
Authors: Stellian Rémi , Ojeda-Joya Jair N. , Danna-Buitrago Jenny P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA new set of tools to measure the time stationarity, shape and ordinal ranking bias of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) indexes is suggested. The aim is to help select the most consistent RCA index for a given set of countries, products and time periods, which is especially relevant for economic policy based on comparative advantages. The GMM estimation of an AR(1) process based on RCA indexes provides three measures of time stationarity that are more rational than the measures available in the literature. Furthermore, we revise the statistics that are commonly used to capture shape. Finally, with respect to ordinal ranking bias, we modify the use of Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient in Leromain and Orefice (Int Econ 139:48–70, 2014) and generalize the non-parametric measure of Stellian and Danna-Buitrago (J Appl Econ 22(1):349–379, 2019). We discuss different methods of ranking RCA indexes according to all proposed measures. An application to 33 RCA indexes, 67 trade areas and three product classifications shows that, on average, the most accurate RCA indexes are Contribution-to-the-Trade-Balance indexes, Revealed Competitiveness indexes and regression-based indexes.
Epidemiological Characteristics and Factors Associated with Repeat Sexually Transmitted Infections in Barcelona, Spain Over a Decade
Authors: Jacques-Aviñó Constanza , Alarcón Guitiérrez Miguel , Barbera María Jesús , Fuertes Irene , Martin-Ezquerra Gemma , Lopez-Contreras Joaquín , Vives Álvaro , Rodriguez Raquel , Ros Miriam , Rius Cristina , de Olalla Patricia Garcia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract In the last few years, the frequency of sexually transmitted infections (STI) has increased, as has the number of people with multiple infections. The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of persons with repeated bacterial STI and to determine the risk factors for these episodes in persons living in Barcelona during the period 2007–2018. We studied all cases of bacterial STI included in the STI registry of Barcelona. Repeated STI were defined as a diagnosis of gonorrhea, syphilis, or lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) after a first episode of one of these infections. Analysis was stratified by sex and place of birth. The factors associated with time to reinfection were determined by Kaplan–Meier estimates, while the factors associated with risk of infection were determined by a Cox proportional hazards model. Of 9927 persons with a diagnosis of bacterial STI, 1690 (17.0%) had at least two episodes of STI during the study period. On multivariate analysis, repeat STI were independently associated with male sex assigned at birth (HR: 3.45; 95%CI 2.22–5.36), age less than 34 years (HR: 1.22; 95%CI 1.10–1.35); gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men, and transgender o transsexual woman (GBSMS/Trans) (HR: 4.03; 95%CI 3.24–5.03), having gonorrhea as first diagnosis (HR:1.49, 95%CI 1.34–1.66) or LGV (HR:1.75; 95%CI 1.47–2.08) and coinfection with HIV (HR:1.98; 95%CI 1.78–2.21). Sexual health programs should be strengthened to prevent STI and reinfection in key populations.
The role of social reinforcement in norm transmission and cultural evolution
Authors: Cadenas Haggeo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWork on cultural evolution, especially that of Boyd, Richerson, and Henrich, has said little about the role of reinforcement in cultural learning. This is surprising, for reinforcement is an old system, it is found across a diverse array of organisms, and it is a successful concept in various scientific disciplines. The main claim of this paper is that social forms of reinforcement play a role in cultural evolution. More specifically, I argue that starting early in human history, social approval and disapproval of behavior function as reinforcers and punishers; approval and disapproval thereby start a process whereby norms are transmitted. After giving arguments for these claims, I discuss work on social learning strategies—cultural rules specifying who to learn from and how to learn from them (Heyes in Philos Trans R Soc 371(1693):1–8, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0369). I suggest that the account I develop here can help explain the connection between these learning rules and cultural evolution. I illustrate this point with recent work on divination practices (Hong and Henrich in Hum Nat 32:622–651, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12110-021-09408-6). My account proposes that forms of social reinforcement can explain the spread and persistence of divination practices. Besides addressing the central question (a role for reinforcement in cultural evolution), my account indirectly touches on developing themes in cultural evolution, namely, normative psychology (Heyes in Perspect Psychol Sci, 2023; Birch Biol Philos 36:4, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10539-020-09777-9).
Automated NFR testing in continuous integration environments: a multi-case study of Nordic companies
Authors: Yu Liang , Alégroth Emil , Chatzipetrou Panagiota , Gorschek Tony 
Published: October 2023

AbstractContextNon-functional requirements (NFRs) (also referred to as system qualities) are essential for developing high-quality software. Notwithstanding its importance, NFR testing remains challenging, especially in terms of automation. Compared to manual verification, automated testing shows the potential to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of quality assurance, especially in the context of Continuous Integration (CI). However, studies on how companies manage automated NFR testing through CI are limited.ObjectiveThis study examines how automated NFR testing can be enabled and supported using CI environments in software development companies.MethodWe performed a multi-case study at four companies by conducting 22 semi-structured interviews with industrial practitioners.ResultsMaintainability,reliability,performance,securityandscalability, were found to be evaluated with automated tests in CI environments. Testing practices, quality metrics, and challenges for measuring NFRs were reported.ConclusionsThis study presents an empirically derived model that shows how data produced by CI environments can be used for evaluation and monitoring of implemented NFR quality. Additionally, the manuscript presents explicit metrics, CI components, tools, and challenges that shall be considered while performing NFR testing in practice.
Analytical fitting of $$\gamma $$–ray photopeaks in germanium cross strip detectors
Authors: Boggs Steven E. , Pike Sean N. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn an ideal germanium detector, fully-absorbed monoenergetic $$\gamma $$
γ
–rays will appear in the measured spectrum as a narrow peak, broadened into a Gaussian of width determined only by the statistical properties of charge cloud generation and the electronic noise of the readout electronics. Multielectrode detectors complicate this picture. Broadening of the charge clouds as they drift through the detector will lead to charge sharing between neighboring electrodes and, inevitably, low-energy tails on the photopeak spectra. We simulate charge sharing in our germanium cross strip detectors in order to reproduce the low-energy tails due to charge sharing. Our goal is to utilize these simulated spectra to develop an analytical fit (shape function) for the spectral lines that provides a robust and high-quality fit to the spectral profile, reliably reproduces the interaction energy, noise width, and the number of counts in both the true photopeak and the low-energy tail, and minimizes the number of additional parameters. Accurate modeling of the detailed line profiles is crucial for both calibration of the detectors as well as scientific interpretation of measured spectra.
Cat(0) polygonal complexes are 2-median
Authors: Bader Shaked , Lazarovich Nir 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMedian spaces are spaces in which for every three points the three intervals between them intersect at a single point. It is well known that rank-1 affine buildings are median spaces, but by a result of Haettel, higher rank buildings are not even coarse median. We define the notion of “2-median space”, which roughly says that for every four points the minimal discs filling the four geodesic triangles they span intersect in a point or a geodesic segment. We show that CAT(0) Euclidean polygonal complexes, and in particular rank-2 affine buildings, are 2-median. In the appendix, we recover a special case of a result of Stadler of a Fary–Milnor type theorem and show in elementary tools that a minimal disc filling a geodesic triangle is injective.
Factors influencing Swedish grades 4–6 technology teachers’ choice of teaching and learning material in programming education
Authors: Bjursten Eva-Lena , Nilsson Tor , Jonsson Gunnar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThere is a recognized need to understand the current state of programming implementation in the Swedish compulsory school system. This study focused specifically on the implementation of programming in the school subject of technology for grades 4–6. In Sweden, the responsibility for choosing teaching and learning material lies with individual teachers. Recent studies have indicated the prevalence of visual programming languages (VPLs) in classrooms. However, no empirical research has specifically investigated why teachers select particular programming learning environments (PLEs) and the challenges they have overcome in this process. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the PLEs used by teachers and the factors influencing their choices. In addition, this study explored the role of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) and the influence of systemic and situational amplifiers and filters in shaping the programming education landscape, highlighting the importance of understanding these factors for effective implementation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 experienced programming teachers in grades 4–6 to gather insights. The results revealed that VPLs, particularly Scratch, have been widely adopted, but the study also identified three textual programming languages being utilized. Furthermore, the findings indicate that teachers’ previous education plays a significant role in shaping their PLE preferences. This suggests that programming education in both professional development and preservice teacher training is crucial for effective implementation. By investigating PLE choices and the factors influencing them, this study contributes to a better understanding of the current landscape of programming education in Sweden’s compulsory school system.