bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of different methods of cleansing temporary cement (with and without eugenol) on the final bond strength of implant-supported zirconia copings after final cementation: An in vitro study
Authors: Bajoghli Farshad , Fathi Amirhossein , Ebadian Behnaz , Jowkar Mohammad , Sabouhi Mahmoud 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The temporary cement remaining inside the dental prosthesis can act as a source of microbial colonization and contamination and decrease the final cement retention. Consequently, complete removal of temporary cement before permanent cementation is suggested. This study aimed to assess the effect of different cleaning methods for removing temporary cement on the tensile bond force (TBF) of permanently cemented implant-supported zirconia copings.

Materials and Methods:
In this in vitro study fifty titanium abutments were screwed onto 50 analogs with 30 Ncm torque into in acrylic resin blocks. Each abutment was scanned separately, and 50 zirconia copings were designed and milled. Permanent resin cement was used to cement copings of control group (N = 10). Copings were divided into two temporary cementation types that in each group, two cleansing methods were used: Temp-S (temporary cement with eugenol and sandblasted after debonding), Samples of the control group were placed in the universal testing machine, and the TBF values were recorded. Samples of the test groups after debonding and cleaning the abutments were subjected to cement with permanent resin cement, aging, and removing. Levene test, two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Tamhane post hoc tests were applied. α = 0.05.

Results:
The highest and lowest TBF values were found for the TempNE-SU (554.7 ± 31.5 N) and Temp-S (492.2 ± 48 N) groups, respectively. The two groups of isopropyl alcohol baths in ultrasonics in combination with sandblasting showed statistically higher TBF values than the other two groups that used only sandblasting (P < 0.001) and had similar values compared to the control group.

Conclusion:
Sandblasting combined with immersion in an ultrasonic bath containing isopropyl alcohol resulted in statistically similar values to the values of cementation with resin cement from the beginning. However, cleaning the inside of the copings only by sandblasting method reduced the values of the final retention force in comparison to cement with permanent resin cement from the beginning.
The application of artificial neural networks in the detection of mandibular fractures using panoramic radiography
Authors: Shahnavazi Maryam , Mohamadrahimi Hosein 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Panoramic radiography is a standard diagnostic imaging method for dentists. However, it is challenging to detect mandibular trauma and fractures in panoramic radiographs due to the superimposed facial skeleton structures. The objective of this study was to develop a deep learning algorithm that is capable of detecting mandibular fractures and trauma automatically and compare its performance with general dentists.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective diagnostic test accuracy study. This study used a two-stage deep learning framework. To train the model, 190 panoramic images were collected from four different sources. The mandible was first segmented using a U-net model. Then, to detect fractures, a model named Faster region-based convolutional neural network was applied. In the end, a comparison was made between the accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of artificial intelligence and general dentists in trauma diagnosis.

Results:
The mAP50 and mAP75 for object detection were 98.66% and 57.90%, respectively. The classification accuracy of the model was 91.67%. The sensitivity and specificity of the model were 100% and 83.33%, respectively. On the other hand, human-level diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 87.22 ± 8.91, 82.22 ± 16.39, and 92.22 ± 6.33, respectively.

Conclusion:
Our framework can provide a level of performance better than general dentists when it comes to diagnosing trauma or fractures.
Comparison of fracture resistance of primary incisor teeth restored with glass fiber post and reversed-oriented metal post – an in vitro study
Authors: Barghi Hamideh , Sharifi Samira 
Published: October 2023

Background:
This in vitro study aimed to compare the fracture resistance of fiber post and reversed-oriented metal post in the restoration of severely decayed primary incisors.

Materials and Methods:
In this in vitro study, forty extracted human primary incisors were sectioned horizontally 1 mm above the CEJ and randomly divided into four groups – Group 1: Central incisors restored with reverse-oriented metal post, Group 2: Lateral incisors restored with reverse-oriented metal post, Group 3: Central incisors restored with fiber post, and Group 4: Lateral incisors restored with fiber post. The coronary portion of the teeth was then restored with nanohybrid universal composite. The fracture resistance was measured using universal testing machine. The type of fracture was determined by employing a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA test. The level of significance was considered at P < 0.05.

Results:
The mean fracture resistance of glass fiber posts (208.00 ± 73.19) was higher than the reverse-oriented metal posts (190.37 ± 56.36); however, there was no significant difference between any of the groups (P = 0.353).

Conclusion:
Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that both types of posts studied in the present research can be successfully used in the restoration of severely damaged primary incisors.
Effect of pulsed corticosteroids and tocilizumab on hyperinflammation in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Aslan Murat , Sabaz Mehmet Süleyman , Yilmaz Rabia , Aşar Sinan , Şeker Yasemin Tekdöş , Hergünsel Gülsüm Oya 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
To compare the efficacy of pulsed-dose corticosteroids (≥250 mg methylprednisolone, 3 days) and tocilizumab in treating COVID-19-related hyperinflammation.

Methods:
This prospective observational study included RT-PCR positive COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, who were admitted to the COVID-19 Adult Intensive Care Unit of Prof Dr. Murat Dilmener Emergency Hospital (Istanbul, Turkey) between December 1, 2020 and February 28, 2021. Clinical, laboratory and radiological examinations were used to diagnose COVID-19 associated hyperinflammation. Three cohort groups were formed: the pulsed-dose corticosteroids group (250 mg methylprednisolone for 3 days), the tocilizumab group (8 mg/day single dose or 400 mg/day for 2 days), and the combined group (pulsed-dose corticosteroid+tocilizumab). The difference in mortality rates among the groups was compared primarily. The most common cause(s) of death was determined. Furthermore, adverse events (secondary infection, acute kidney injury, arrhythmia, gastrointestinal system bleeding) for 28 days were recorded.

Results:
A total of 60 patients were included in this study, with 20 patients in each group. There was no statistically significant difference between the 3 groups in mortality rates (55% in the pulsed corticosteroid group, 60% in the tocilizumab group, 50% in the combined group, χ2=0.404, P=0.817). Infectious causes were found to be the most common cause of mortality in all the three groups, and no difference was found between them (χ2=0.404, P=0.817). There was also no difference in the development of adverse events such as secondary infection, acute kidney injury, arrhythmia, and gastrointestinal bleeding among the groups (P>0.05).

Conclusions:
Corticosteroids can be used instead of tocilizumab to treat hyperinflammation in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Retransplantation for COVID-19-related lung graft failure: A case report of successful outcome in a critically ill lung transplant recipient
Authors: Ntiamoah Prince , Budev Marie , Turowski Jason , Lane Charles Randall , McCurry Kenneth R. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
End-stage lung disease from nonrecovered COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome has become an increasingly frequent indication for lung transplant. Although reports of lung transplant recipients (LTRs) with COVID-19 suggest an increased risk for hospitalization, respiratory failure, and death, little is known about retransplant for COVID-19-related lung graft failure. In this manuscript, we present a 49-year-old man who received bilateral lung retransplantation for COVID-19-related lung graft failure, 7½ years after his initial transplant for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Our case suggests that retransplantation may be a viable option for critically ill LTRs with COVID-19-related graft failure, even in the presence of other organ dysfunction, provided that they are in good condition and have an immunologically favorable donor.
A pulmonary rehabilitation program reduces hospitalizations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: A cost-effectiveness study
Authors: Toubes-Navarro Maria Elena , Gude-Sampedro Francisco , Álvarez-Dobaño José Manuel , Reyes-Santias Francisco , Rábade-Castedo Carlos , Rodríguez-García Carlota , Lado-Baleato Óscar , Lago-Fidalgo Raquel , Sánchez-Martínez Noelia , Ricoy-Gabaldón Jorge , Casal-Mouriño Ana , Abelleira-Paris Romina , Riveiro-Blanco Vanessa , Zamarrón-Sanz Carlos , Rodríguez-Núñez Nuria , Lama-López Adriana , Ferreiro-Fernández Lucía , Valdés-Cuadrado Luis 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:
Although pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is recommended in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), there is a scarcity of data demonstrating the cost-effectiveness and effectiveness of PR in reducing exacerbations.

METHODS:
A quasi-experimental study in 200 patients with COPD was conducted to determine the number of exacerbations 1 year before and after their participation in a PR program. Quality of life was measured using the COPD assessment test and EuroQol-5D. The costs of the program and exacerbations were assessed the year before and after participation in the PR program. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was estimated in terms of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs).

RESULTS:
The number of admissions, length of hospital stay, and admissions to the emergency department decreased after participation in the PR program by 48.2%, 46.6%, and 42.5%, respectively (P < 0.001 for all). Results on quality of life tests improved significantly (P < 0.001 for the two tests). The cost of PR per patient and the cost of pre-PR and post-PR exacerbations were €1867.7 and €7895.2 and €4201.9, respectively. The PR resulted in a cost saving of €1826 (total, €365,200) per patient/year, and the gain in QALYs was+0.107. ICER was −€17,056. The total cost was <€20,000/QALY in 78% of patients.

CONCLUSIONS:
PR contributes to reducing the number of exacerbations in patients with COPD, thereby slowing clinical deterioration. In addition, it is cost-effective in terms of QALYs.
Algorithmic approach in the management of COVID-19 patients with residual pulmonary symptoms
Authors: Guri Albina , Groner Lauren , Escalon Joanna , Saleh Anthony 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Coronavirus-19 emerged about 3 years ago and has proven to be a devastating disease, crippling communities worldwide and accounting for more than 6.31 million deaths. The true disease burden of COVID-19 will come to light in the upcoming years as we care for COVID-19 survivors with post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) with residual long-term symptoms affecting every organ system. Pulmonary fibrosis is the most severe long-term pulmonary manifestation of PCS, and due to the high incidence of COVID-19 infection rates, PCS-pulmonary fibrosis has the potential of becoming the next large-scale respiratory health crisis. To confront the potentially devastating effects of emerging post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis, dedicated research efforts are needed to focus on surveillance, understanding pathophysiologic mechanisms, and most importantly, an algorithmic approach to managing these patients. We have performed a thorough literature review on post-COVID-19 pulmonary symptoms/imaging/physiology and present an algorithmic approach to these patients based on the best available data and extensive clinical experience.
The use of innovative cost-saving audience response system in orthodontic case-based learning
Authors: Turkistani Khadijah A. 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To provide a cost-saving innovative audience response system (ARS) that permits typing texts and compare its efficiency to the paper-based method in case-based learning (CBL).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Orthodontic clinical cases were presented to 149 undergraduate dental students for discussion among teammates. Responses were collected using ARS-based and paper-based. ARS was constructed from an online survey platform (Google forms) then QR code was created for easy and fast access. Students used their cellphones to scan code, view questions, discuss, type, and submit answers within 10 minutes. Feedbacks were collected using a feedback survey. Outcome measures included the number of words, spelling mistakes, time required by the instructor to read submissions, and activity time compliance.

RESULTS:
The average number of words submitted by females in ARS-based 47 ± 8 was significantly higher than 35 ± 16 paper-based, and male ARS-based 36 ± 18 (P < 0.05). ARS-based submissions required significantly less time to read compared to paper-based among whole group, females, males (P < 0.001, P < 0.05, P < 0.001), respectively. Spelling mistakes were lower 1 ± 1 in ARS-based compared to paper-based 2 ± 2. The ARS-based first submission was (-4.28) minutes before the deadline, while paper-based last submission was (+2.19) minutes after (P < 0.05). ARS-based submissions were 12.5 seconds faster to read than paper-based (P < 0.001). Out of 56.4% of respondents, 63.1% preferred using ARS-based and 80% agreed that it provided immediate feedback, with high overall satisfaction.

CONCLUSIONS:
This innovated ARS was found to facilitate CBL. It is superior in time and cost-saving to paper-based and other ARSs. It could be useful in distance learning especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Novel surgical technique for macular holes with basal diameter >1000 μ
Authors: Chakraborty Debdulal , Mondal Soumen , Sengupta Sabyasachi , Boral Subhendu , Das Arnab 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Closure rate of full-thickness macular holes (FTMHs) with basal diameter >1000 μ is known to be poor. Patients presenting with FTMH having a minimum basal diameter of >1000 μ without any coexistent retinal morbidity were offered vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane peeling, retinal massage, and aspiration of subretinal fluid from the MH. Visual acuity (VA) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) assessments were performed at baseline, week 1 after surgery and at postoperative months 1, 3, 6, and 12. VA, type of hole closure, presence of ellipsoid zone, and external limiting membrane defect were monitored. The primary endpoint was type 1 anatomical hole closure. Secondary outcome measure was a change in VA from baseline to 6-month follow-up and persistent hole closure at the final follow-up of 12 months. The mean age was 67.1 ± 9.1 years. Seven eyes were pseudophakic, and two underwent combined phacoemulsification with MH surgery. The mean minimum basal diameter of FTMH was 1162.4 ± 161 μ. The mean duration of visual loss was 11.3 ± 1.93 months. Type 1 closure of FTMH was seen in all patients on SD OCT, on the 7th postoperative day. The mean presenting VA was 1.06 ± 0.1 Logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR). Best-corrected visual acuity improved to 0.91 ± 0.09 logMAR at 1-month follow-up (P = 0.005) (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.061–0.251), 0.63 ± 0.1 logMAR (P < 0.001) (95% CI 0.339–0.527) at 3 months, and 0.55 ± 0.05 logMAR (P < 0.001) (95% CI 0.414–0.609) at 6 months. All holes were found closed at the final follow-up of 12 months. This novel technique can help achieve better outcomes and raise the primary anatomical success rate of FTMH with basal diameter >1000 μ.
A study on thyroid function assessment in patients with chronic kidney disease: An investigative analysis
Authors: Mukherjee Nilanjan , Borphukan Sawjib , Gogoi Girindra Nath 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and thyroid dysfunction often coexist, and understanding their relationship is crucial for diagnosis and management. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to explore the prevalence, clinical significance, and implications of thyroid function abnormalities in CKD patients, providing valuable insights for improving patient care and outcomes.

Methods:
This observational cross-sectional study included 46 CKD patients undergoing conservative management at Aditya Hospitals and Diagnostics, Dibrugarh, from July 2021 to July 2022. Participants met predefined inclusion criteria and provided informed consent. Exclusion criteria encompassed active treatment with dialysis or kidney transplantation, nephrotic-range proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, acute illness, diabetes mellitus, recent surgery, trauma, burns, liver diseases, and medications affecting thyroid function.

Results:
The study involved 31 male (67.39%) and 15 female (32.60%) CKD patients aged 19 to 69 years. CKD symptoms' duration ranged from 4 to 30 months (mean 9.8 months). Serum T3 levels ranged from 0.2 to 2.0 ng/ml (mean 0.67 ng/ml), T4 levels from 0.9 to 8.5 μg/dl (mean 5.7 μg/dl), and TSH levels from 0.6 to 38 μIU/ml (mean 6.5 μIU/ml). Hypothyroidism symptoms were observed in 31 patients (67%). Low T3 syndrome was found in 27 patients, low T4 syndrome in 11 patients, and hypothyroidism in 3 patients.

Conclusion:
The study revealed that the incidence of low T3 syndrome increased with age and CKD severity. Patients with lower GFR exhibited decreased serum T3 levels. Interestingly, in patients with low T3 syndrome, TSH values remained within the normal range and did not correlate with GFR. The findings suggest that low T3 levels in CKD may play a protective role in protein conservation. This investigation sheds light on the complex relationship between thyroid function and CKD, emphasizing the need for regular thyroid assessments in CKD patients for better management and improved clinical outcomes. Early identification and appropriate intervention for thyroid abnormalities in CKD may contribute to optimizing patient care and overall well-being.
The second fundamental form of the real Kaehler submanifolds
Authors: Chion Sergio , Dajczer Marcos 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLet
$f\colon M^{2n}\to \mathbb {R}^{2n+p}$
,
$2\leq p\leq n-1$
, be an isometric immersion of a Kaehler manifold into Euclidean space. Yan and Zheng (2013, Michigan Mathematical Journal 62, 421–441) conjectured that if the codimension is
$p\leq 11$
, then, along any connected component of an open dense subset of
$M^{2n}$
, the submanifold is as follows: it is either foliated by holomorphic submanifolds of dimension at least
$2n-2p$
with tangent spaces in the kernel of the second fundamental form whose images are open subsets of affine vector subspaces, or it is embedded holomorphically in a Kaehler submanifold of
$\mathbb {R}^{2n+p}$
of larger dimension than
$2n$
. This bold conjecture was proved by Dajczer and Gromoll just for codimension 3 and then by Yan and Zheng for codimension 4. In this paper, we prove that the second fundamental form of the submanifold behaves pointwise as expected in case that the conjecture is true. This result is a first fundamental step for a possible classification of the nonholomorphic Kaehler submanifolds lying with low codimension in Euclidean space. A counterexample shows that our proof does not work for higher codimension, indicating that proposing
$p=11$
in the conjecture as the largest codimension is appropriate.
Determination of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Exposure in Two Ethiopian Communities and Its Relationship to Duffy Expression
Authors: Bradley Lauren , Yewhalaw Delenasaw , Hemming-Schroeder Elizabeth , Embury Paula , Lee Ming-Chieh , Zemene Endalew , Degefa Teshome , King Christopher , Kazura James , Yan Guiyun , Dent Arlene 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT.
Despite historical dogma that Duffy blood group negativity of human erythrocytes confers resistance to Plasmodium vivax blood stage infection, cases of P. vivax malaria and asymptomatic blood stage infection (subclinical malaria) have recently been well documented in Duffy-negative individuals throughout Africa. However, the impact of Duffy negativity on the development of naturally acquired immunity to P. vivax remains poorly understood. We examined antibody reactivity to P. vivax and P. falciparum antigens at two field sites in Ethiopia and assessed Duffy gene expression by polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing of the GATA-1 transcription factor–binding site of the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) gene promotor region that is associated with silencing of erythroid cell transcription and absent protein expression. Antibodies to three of the four P. vivax blood stage antigens examined, RBP2b, EBP2, and DBPIISal-1, were significantly lower (P < 0.001) in Duffy-negative individuals relative to Duffy-positive individuals. In stark contrast, no clear pattern was found across Duffy-negative and Duffy-positive genotypes for P. falciparum antibodies. We conclude that lack of erythroid Duffy expression is associated with reduced serologic responses, indicative of less naturally acquired immunity and less cumulative exposure to blood stage P. vivax parasites relative to Duffy positive individuals living in the same communities.
Modelos de pronósticos de la demanda turística: una revisión de los estudios actuales
Authors: Fernàndez Lòpez Reinier , Vilalta-Alonso José Alberto , Alonso Porraspita Deisy , Blanco Zamora Yankiel , Núñez González Saray 
Published: October 2023

El turismo ha cobrado vital importancia en los últimos tiempos al ser una de las actividades económicas que mayores beneficios aportan a un país, tanto en el ámbito social, económico como ambiental. Consecuentemente, los modelos de pronósticos de la demanda en el sector constituyen herramientas adecuadas que sirven de soporte en la toma de decisiones. En este sentido, varios autores han realizado importantes aportes en el campo de la ciencia que ayudan a mejorar la gestión turística. Lo que conlleva a plantear como objetivo el análisis de las tendencias actuales de los modelos de previsión turística mediante la herramienta R bibliometrix, cubriendo 254 artículos de investigación publicados entre 2017 y 2021. Los principales resultados arrojan que los modelos para el pronóstico de la demanda turística se encuentran en una evolución constante y no existe un modelo único que funcione bien para todas las situaciones. También se puede apreciar que a causa de la pandemia de COVID-19, los modelos de pronóstico para ese año fueron inservibles; sin embargo, fue el año de más publicaciones. De igual modo, la presente investigación permitió identificar los principales países, revistas científicas y autores que abordan el estudio de la demanda turística.