bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of substernal and posterior mediastinal route of reconstruction after minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer
Authors: Dat Tran Quang , Thong Dang Quang , Nguyen Doan Thuy , Hai Nguyen Viet , Bac Nguyen Hoang , Long Vo Duy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Substernal (ST) and posterior mediastinal (PM) routes are the two most common for reconstruction after esophagectomy with cervical anastomosis. Recent evidence showed similar outcomes between the routes; thus, the superior choice remained controversial. This study aimed to compare the short-term outcomes of the ST to the PM route for reconstruction after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer (EC).

Method
This retrospective cohort study included 132 patients who underwent McKeown minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) with gastric conduit for EC between March 2015 and December 2022. Among these, 89 and 43 patients received the ST route and PM route for reconstruction, respectively. Short-term outcomes including operative characteristics, postoperative morbidity, and mortality were evaluated.

Result
There was no conversion from ST to PM route. The ST group had longer operating time (375 min vs. 341 min). Oral feeding initiation, postoperative hospital stays, and overall complication rates were comparable in the two groups. The rate and severity of anastomotic leakage were similar between the groups. The ST group had a significantly lower incidence of postoperative ICU admission and pneumonia compared to the PM group (5.6% vs. 16.3% and 19.1% vs. 37.2%, respectively). Azygos vein bleeding, obstruction at feeding jejunostomy site, and conduit–trachea fistula were severe complications that only occurred in PM route.

Conclusion
ST route was superior to PM route in term of postoperative ICU admission and pneumonia. This route may prevent severe complications that only occur in PM route. ST route can be favorable option for reconstruction after McKeown MIE for EC.
Establishing consensus on principles and competencies for the use of play in clinical practice in hospitals: An international Delphi study
Authors: Thestrup Jakob , Sørensen Jette Led , Hybschmann Jane , Topperzer Martha Krogh , Graber Kelsey , O’Farrelly Christine , Gibson Jenny , Ramchandani Paul , Frandsen Thomas Leth , Gjærde Line Klingen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlthough play has existed in paediatric hospitals for decades, a shared understanding of why and how healthcare professionals use play in clinical practice is lacking. This study aims to reach consensus on a common set of principles and competencies for play interventions and practices in hospitals. We conducted a three-round Delphi study that included healthcare professionals selected by hospital management. The first round comprised open-ended questions on the use of play in clinical practice. Principles and competencies, including learning objectives, were established using content analysis through an iterative process. Participants rated the importance of each principle and learning objective in the second and third rounds. Among the 66 participants, 45 (68%) responded in round 1 and 41 (62%) in rounds 2 and 3. The participants represented ten countries and nine different health professions. After the three rounds, we identified 33 principles and six overall competencies: building trusting relationships; delivering information and increasing understanding; promoting cooperation and participation; reducing procedure-related anxiety and pain; supporting coping and development; and ensuring a professional approach to play, which comprised 20 learning objectives. Conclusion: According to healthcare professionals, play in clinical practice can be used to communicate and build relationships with paediatric patients and thus potentially help provide patient-centred care. Our findings may help guide and prioritize future research initiatives and operationalize play interventions and practices in hospitals.

What is Known:• Evidence suggests that using play in clinical practice can help paediatric patients during hospitals stays.• Despite the evidence supporting the use of play, a shared understanding of why and how paediatric healthcare professionals use play is needed.

What is New:• This international Delphi study contributes to a shared interprofessional understanding of the principles, competencies and learning objectives for the use of play in clinical practice.• The findings have the potential to aid initiatives in developing training programmes for healthcare professionals in using play to provide care with a patient-centred approach.
Yap/Taz activity is associated with increased expression of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase that supports myoblast proliferation
Authors: Meinhold Marius , Verbrugge Sander , Shi Andi , Schönfelder Martin , Becker Lore , Jaspers Richard T. , Zammit Peter S. , Wackerhage Henning 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn skeletal muscle, the Hippo effector Yap promotes satellite cell, myoblast, and rhabdomyoblast proliferation but prevents myogenic differentiation into multinucleated muscle fibres. We previously noted that Yap drives expression of the first enzyme of the serine biosynthesis pathway, phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (Phgdh). Here, we examined the regulation and function of Phgdh in satellite cells and myoblasts and found that Phgdh protein increased during satellite cell activation. Analysis of published data reveal that Phgdh mRNA in mouse tibialis anterior muscle was highly expressed at day 3 of regeneration after cardiotoxin injection, when markers of proliferation are also robustly expressed and in the first week of synergist-ablated muscle. Finally, siRNA-mediated knockdown of PHGDH significantly reduced myoblast numbers and the proliferation rate. Collectively, our data suggest that Phgdh is a proliferation-enhancing metabolic enzyme that is induced when quiescent satellite cells become activated.
Soil microbial community response to ectomycorrhizal dominance in diverse neotropical montane forests
Authors: Edwards Joseph D. , Krichels Alexander H. , Seyfried Georgia S. , Dalling James , Kent Angela D. , Yang Wendy H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEctomycorrhizal (EM) associations can promote the dominance of tree species in otherwise diverse tropical forests. These EM associations between trees and their fungal mutualists have important consequences for soil organic matter cycling, yet the influence of these EM-associated effects on surrounding microbial communities is not well known, particularly in neotropical forests. We examined fungal and prokaryotic community composition in surface soil samples from mixed arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EM) stands as well as stands dominated by EM-associated Oreomunnea mexicana (Juglandaceae) in four watersheds differing in soil fertility in the Fortuna Forest Reserve, Panama. We hypothesized that EM-dominated stands would support distinct microbial community assemblages relative to the mixed AM-EM stands due to differences in carbon and nitrogen cycling associated with the dominance of EM trees. We expected that this microbiome selection in EM-dominated stands would lead to lower overall microbial community diversity and turnover, with tighter correspondence between general fungal and prokaryotic communities. We measured fungal and prokaryotic community composition via high-throughput Illumina sequencing of the ITS2 (fungi) and 16S rRNA (prokaryotic) gene regions. We analyzed differences in alpha and beta diversity between forest stands associated with different mycorrhizal types, as well as the relative abundance of fungal functional groups and various microbial taxa. We found that fungal and prokaryotic community composition differed based on stand mycorrhizal type. There was lower prokaryotic diversity and lower relative abundance of fungal saprotrophs and pathogens in EM-dominated than AM-EM mixed stands. However, contrary to our prediction, there was lower homogeneity for fungal communities in EM-dominated stands compared to mixed AM-EM stands. Overall, we demonstrate that EM-dominated tropical forest stands have distinct soil microbiomes relative to surrounding diverse forests, suggesting that EM fungi may filter microbial functional groups in ways that could potentially influence plant performance or ecosystem function.
The effect of visual feedback-based clinical monitoring application in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Özden Fatih , Güçlü Bekir , Tümtürk İsmet , Doğrukök Özgür Nadiye , İmerci Ahmet , Tuğay Baki Umut 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
No study has addressed the effect of patient-reported outcomes as a visual feedback tool during telerehabilitation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a visual feedback-based monitoring application PhysioAnalyst on pain, pain catastrophizing, physical functions, quality of life, usability, satisfaction, and exercise adherence in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP).

Methods
A single-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted with 44 CLBP patients. Participants were randomized into two groups: the tele-assessment feedback group (TAFG) (n = 22) and the control group (CG) (n = 22). Participants were assessed before the intervention, at the 4th week and after the intervention. Individuals were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Telehealth Usability Questionnaire (TUQ), Telemedicine Satisfaction Questionnaire (TSQ), and Exercise Adaptation Rating Scale (EARS) via PhysioAnalyst. Individuals in the TAFG group received graph-based visual feedback on assessment data in week 4.

Results
The improvement in VAS, NHP, ODI, TUQ, TSQ, and EARS of individuals in TAFG was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Only ODI and PCS scores in CG showed significant improvement (p < 0.05). After the graphics-based visual feedback presented to the TAFG, the VAS, NHP-Emotional, NHP-Sleep, NHP-Total, PCS, TUQ, TSQ, ODI, and EARS scores gained more than CG (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The results confirmed the additional contribution of telerehabilitation’s graphics-based visual feedback in pain, pain catastrophizing, disability, quality of life, and exercise participation. Since the importance of continuity in long-term rehabilitation in patients with CLBP is comprehended, feedback to increase patient motivation can be added to telerehabilitation applications.
Using morphometrics to distinguish the restinga and cerrado ecotypes of wild Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae): a preliminary study in northeastern Brazil
Authors: Farias Juliana Cardozo , Mayo Simon Joseph , Vieira Irlaine Rodrigues , de Andrade Ivanilza Moreira 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe cashew tree Anacardium occidentale is a globally important food species and in Brazil is a natural component of cerrado and restinga vegetation and has an important role in local economies as a food and medicinal plant. Nevertheless, diversity studies of wild populations—the most important reservoir of natural variation—of this naturally widespread species are urgently needed for conservation strategies because of human impact on tropical American ecosystems where it occurs. Here, we sought to differentiate the previously recognized restinga and cerrado ecotypes using multivariate morphometrics of wild populations in a limited area of northeast Brazil (northern Piauí and northeastern Maranhão states). Thirty individuals were sampled for 47 vegetative and reproductive descriptors from six wild populations (three of each ecotype). Data analysis included principal component analysis and three classification methods (linear discriminant analysis, k-nearest neighbour analysis and classification and regression tree analysis); cross-validation tests were applied to classification results. Univariate statistics obtained for each population and ecotype were found to be consistent with the previously proposed distinction between the two ecotypes. Although principal component analysis showed extensive variation and overlap between populations, cross-validations of classification analyses showed strong differentiation between ecotypes and between most populations; vegetative and reproductive variables were equally important for discrimination. Cerrado populations were more variable and somewhat less distinct than restinga ones. New molecular genetic investigations of wild populations are needed to provide genetic support for the morphological differentiation of the ecotypes reported here.
Simple performance of the planar SOS-Umu-C–FLD genotoxicity bioassay shown for perfume and packaging material analysis
Authors: Windisch Markus , Kittinger Clemens , Heil Julia , Morlock Gertrud E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPlanar bioassays are powerful, sustainable tools for nontargeted detection of hazardous compounds in complex samples. They provide more information on a sample than corresponding in vitro assays and are more sustainable in terms of plastic material and solvent consumption. However, instrument investment costs for high-performance thin-layer chromatography are high. Hence, the question arose of whether the sophisticated sensitive planar genotoxicity bioassay could be performed manually without instrumentation under simple conditions. Cheaper plate types were studied as well as manual application of the samples, cell suspension, and substrate solution. As a result, genotoxic compound zones were detected as rose-colored or orange fluorescent resorufin end-product formed upon contact of the genotoxins in tested perfume and packaging materials with a genetically modified Salmonella Typhimurium strain. The simple performance was found to be possible for low sample application volumes. Knowledge on neutral pH value and thickness of the adsorbent layer were further key aspects. Manual spraying was found to be superior to manual immersion if excess liquid was avoided. For high sample volumes and a higher level of standardization, the open-source 2LabsToGo system was proposed as excellent option for low investment costs. Its very low instrumental footprint and the straightforward prioritization strategy help analytical chemistry to balance between technology and nature/ecology to reduce the instrumental footprint and planetary overshoot.
Phototoxicity of cyclometallated Ir(III) complexes bearing a thio-bis-benzimidazole ligand, and its monodentate analogue, as potential PDT photosensitisers in cancer cell killing
Authors: Martínez-Alonso Marta , Jones Callum G. , Shipp James D. , Chekulaev Dimitri , Bryant Helen E. , Weinstein Julia A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Two novel cyclometallated iridium(III) complexes have been prepared with one bidentate or two monodentate imidazole-based ligands, 1 and 2, respectively. The complexes showed intense emission with long lifetimes of the excited state. Femtosecond transient absorption experiments established the nature of the lowest excited state as 3IL state. Singlet oxygen generation with good yields (40% for 1 and 82% for 2) was established by detecting 1O2 directly, through its emission at 1270 nm. Photostability studies were also performed to assess the viability of the complexes as photosensitizers (PS) for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Complex 1 was selected as a good candidate to investigate light-activated killing of cells, whilst complex 2 was found to be toxic in the dark and unstable under light. Complex 1 demonstrated high phototoxicity indexes (PI) in the visible region, PI > 250 after irradiation at 405 nm and PI > 150 at 455 nm, in EJ bladder cancer cells.

Graphical abstract
Comparison of antipsychotic drug use in children and adolescents in the Netherlands before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Gangapersad Ravish N. , Zhou Guiling , Garcia-Gomez Pilar , Bos Jens , Hak Eelko , Koch Birgit C. P. , Schuiling-Veninga Catharina C. M. , Dierckx Bram 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aims to describe the patterns and trends in antipsychotic prescription among Dutch youth before and during the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (between 2017 and 2022). The study specifically aims to determine whether there has been an increase or decrease in antipsychotic prescription among this population, and whether there are any differences in prescription patterns among different age and sex groups. The study utilized the IADB database, which is a pharmacy prescription database containing dispensing data from approximately 120 community pharmacies in the Netherlands, to analyze the monthly prevalence and incidence rates of antipsychotic prescription among Dutch youth before and during the pandemic. The study also examined the prescribing patterns of the five most commonly used antipsychotics and conducted an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) analysis using data prior to the pandemic, to predict the expected prevalence rate during the pandemic. The prescription rate of antipsychotics for Dutch youth was slightly affected by the pandemic, with a monthly prevalence of 4.56 [4.50–4.62] per 1000 youths before COVID-19 pandemic and 4.64 [4.59–4.69] during the pandemic. A significant increase in prevalence was observed among adolescent girls aged 13–19 years. The monthly incidence rate remained stable overall, but rose for adolescent girls aged 13–19 years. Aripiprazole, and Quetiapine had higher monthly prevalence rates during the pandemic, while Risperidone and Pipamperon had lower rates. Similarly, the monthly incidence rates of Aripiprazole and Olanzapine went up, while Risperidone went down. Furthermore, the results from the ARIMA analysis revealed that despite the pandemic, the monthly prevalence rate of antipsychotic prescription was within expectation. The findings of this study suggest that there has been a moderate increase in antipsychotic prescription among Dutch youth during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in adolescent females aged 13–19 years. However, the study also suggests that factors beyond the pandemic may be contributing to the rise in antipsychotic prescription in Dutch youth.
Cool and hot executive function problems in young children: linking self-regulation processes to emerging clinical symptoms
Authors: Anning Kate L. , Langley Kate , Hobson Christopher , van Goozen Stephanie H. M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSelf-regulation (SR) difficulties are implicated in a wide range of disorders which develop in childhood, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiance disorder (ODD), anxiety and depression. However, the integration of the existing research evidence is challenging because of varying terminology and the wide range of tasks used, as well as the heterogeneity and comorbidity within and across diagnostic categories. The current study used the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework to guide the examination of different SR processes in young children showing a wide range of symptomatology. Children (aged 4–8) referred by teachers for moderate-to-high conduct, hyperactivity and/or emotional problems at school (assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) subscales; n = 212), and children in SDQ typical ranges (n = 30) completed computerised cognitive control and decision-making tasks. Parents completed questionnaires to assess ADHD, ODD, anxiety and depression symptoms (n = 191). Compared to children with no teacher-reported difficulties, those with moderate-to-high problems showed poorer visuomotor control and decision-making. A factor analysis revealed that task variables adhered to RDoC dimensions and predicted variance in specific disorders: difficulties in cognitive control predicted ADHD symptoms, low reward-seeking was associated with depression and high reward-seeking was associated with ODD. This study highlights how the assessment of cognitive processes positioned within the RDoC framework can inform our understanding of disorder-specific and transdiagnostic difficulties in SR which are associated with diverse clinical symptoms in children.
Finite element evaluation of dentin stress changes following different endodontic surgical approaches
Authors: Aslan Tuğrul , Esim Emir , Üstün Yakup 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe aim was to compare the effect of different endodontic surgical treatments on the stress distributions in dentin of a simulated first mandibular molar tooth using the finite element analysis method. Three surgical endodontic procedures (apical resection, root amputation, and hemisection) were simulated in a first mandibular molar. Biodentine or mineral-trioxide-aggregate was used to repair the surgery site in apical resection and root amputation models; the remaining root canal spaces were filled with gutta-percha. Access cavities were restored using resin composite. In hemisection model, root canal was filled with gutta-percha, and coronal restoration was finished with a monolithic zirconia crown. A sound tooth model was created as a control model. An oblique force of 300 N angled at 45° to the occlusal plane was simulated. Maximum von Mises stresses were evaluated in dentin near the surgery regions and the entire tooth. Apical resection/Biodentine and apical resection/mineral-trioxide-aggregate models generated maximum von Mises stresses of 39.001 MPa and 39.106 MPa, respectively. The recorded maximum von Mises stresses in root amputation models were 66.491 MPa for root amputation/Biodentine and 73.063 MPa for root amputation/mineral-trioxide-aggregate models. The highest maximum von Mises stress value among all models was observed in the hemisection model, measuring 138.87 MPa. Hemisection induced the highest von Mises stresses in dentin, followed by root amputation and apical resection. In apical resection, Biodentine and mineral-trioxide-aggregate did not show a significant difference in stress distribution. Biodentine in root amputation may lead to lower stresses compared to mineral-trioxide-aggregate.