bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zinc finger proteins and ATP‐binding cassette transporter‐dependent multidrug resistance
Authors: Barzegar Sanaz , Pirouzpanah Saeed 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundMultidrug resistance (MDR) remains a significant challenge in cancer treatment, leading to poor clinical outcomes. Dysregulation of ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporters has been identified as a key contributor to MDR. Zinc finger proteins (ZNPs) are key regulators of transcription and have emerged as potential contributors to cancer drug resistance. Bridging the knowledge gap between ZNPs and MDR is essential to understand a source of heterogeneity in cancer treatment. This review sought to elucidate how different ZNPs modulate the transcriptional regulation of ABC genes, contributing to resistance to cancer therapies.MethodsThe search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE and Web of Science.ResultsIn addition to ABC‐blockers, the transcriptional features regulated by ZNP are expected to play a role in reversing ABC‐mediated MDR and predicting the efficacy of anticancer treatments. Among the ZNP‐induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition, SNAIL, SLUG and Zebs have been identified as important factors in promoting MDR through activation of ATM, NFκB and PI3K/Akt pathways, exposing the metabolism to potential ZNP‐MDR interactions. Additionally, nuclear receptors, such as VDR, ER and PXR have been found to modulate certain ABC regulations. Other C2H2‐type zinc fingers, including Kruppel‐like factors, Gli and Sp also have the potential to contribute to MDR.ConclusionBesides reviewing evidence on the effects of ZNP dysregulation on ABC‐related chemoresistance in malignancies, significant markers of ZNP functions are discussed to highlight the clinical implications of gene‐to‐gene and microenvironment‐to‐gene interactions on MDR prospects. Future research on ZNP‐derived biomarkers is crucial for addressing heterogeneity in cancer therapy.
Perspectives on virtual interviews for dental school admissions
Authors: Hilton Edward , Song Crystal , Park Sang E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionAdmissions interviews are an integral part of the dental school application process. In light of the COVID‐19 pandemic, interviews had to adapt and become a part of the virtual realm. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the perspectives of interviewees and interviewers in this process.MethodsAdmission data for all prospective students were compiled for the classes of 2016 through 2025 to compare in‐person to virtual interview scores. Additionally, surveys were sent to members of the admissions committee as well as interviewees asking questions regarding the virtual interview experience. A Likert scale was used for the majority of questions and free responses were also an option.ResultsThe comparison data showed that the virtual candidates may have had higher overall undergraduate and application scores, in addition to better interview scores compared to in‐person candidates. Interviewees and interviewers both agreed in their top three rankings of what was enjoyable about the virtual interviews, specifically the lower cost for applicants, the convenience, and the safety during the pandemic. There was also agreement with their top three aspects that were least desirable in the interview process, specifically the absence of visual cues/lack of body language, lack of personal contact, and connectivity issues. Around 74% of committee members would recommend virtual interviews in the future whereas only 49% of interviewees would recommend virtual interviews in the future.ConclusionThe pandemic brought about many changes, including the way admissions interviews were conducted. While this was a change made of necessity, it was valuable to explore the appropriateness of implementing virtual interviews in the future as a part of dental school admissions processes.
Natural swimming holes, at the crossroad between conservation and recreation
Authors: Acuña Vicenç , Auró Mar , Campillo Ventura , Petrovic Mira , Pueyo Josep , Freixa Anna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Natural swimming holes (NSH) are commonly the only habitats with water throughout the year in semi‐arid climates, thus becoming refuges for freshwater biota. However, human crowds also gather in NSH during the warm season, threatening biodiversity.

Our goal was to analyse the drivers of recreation (e.g., distance to roads, river flow) in NSH, assess the relationship between visitation and impacts on water quality (dissolved organic carbon, ammonium, caffeine, and the sunscreen agent 2‐ethylhexyl 4‐methoxycinnamate) and bacterial biodiversity (as indicator of biodiversity), and to develop a method to determine the carrying capacity (i.e. maximum number of visitors per day to avoid an impact in biodiversity) of each NSH.

Results suggest that recreation impacts both water quality and biodiversity, and that changes in biodiversity were especially fast when increasing recreation from none to low.

Although the study is limited by the low number of case‐studies, and the consideration of only bacterial biodiversity, we believe that recreation should be banned or severely restricted in those NSH with high conservation value, whereas a recreation cap using river flow and upstream water quality should be used for those NSH with lower conservation value.
Forest reorganisation effects on fuel moisture content can exceed changes due to climate warming in wet temperate forests
Authors: Brown Tegan P. , Duff Thomas J. , Inbar Assaf , Lane Patrick N. J. , Sheridan Gary J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe distributions of vegetation and fire activity are changing rapidly in response to climate warming. In many regions, climate effects on dead fuel moisture content (FMC) are expected to increase future wildfire activity. However, forest FMC is largely driven by microclimate conditions, which are moderated from open weather by vegetation canopies. As shifts in vegetation increase under climate warming, the extent to which future fire activity will be driven by climate directly or associated vegetation shifts remains unresolved. Here, we present a study aimed at quantifying the relative magnitudes of (i) direct climate warming, and (ii) vegetation change, on FMC. Field sites to evaluate these effects were established in a natural laboratory of altered forest states to mature wet temperate forest in south‐eastern Australia. FMC was estimated using a process‐based model and 48 years of reconstructed climate data. Canopy effects on microclimate were captured by transferring inputs from climate to microclimate using models parameterised with field observations. To evaluate the relative magnitude of climate and vegetation effects, we calculated the maximum difference in mean annual FMC across annual climate replicates and compared this to FMC differences across reorganising forest sites. Our results show vegetation effects on FMC can exceed those related to expected climate change. Changes to forest structure and composition increased (+15.7%) and decreased (−12.3%) mean annual FMC, with a larger negative effect when forest cover was completely removed (−18.5%). In contrast, the largest climate effect on FMC was −6.6% across 48‐years of data. Our study demonstrates that the magnitude of vegetation effects on FMC can exceed expected climate change effects. Models of future fire activity that do not account for changing vegetation effects on microclimate are omitting a key biophysical control on FMC and therefore may not be accurately predicting future fire activity.
Interdental cleaning and periodontal status among older Koreans: Findings from KNHANES VII
Authors: Son Ji‐Young , Kim Eun‐Jeong 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveTo assess the association between the usage of interdental cleaning and periodontal status among older people in Korea.BackgroundIn order to maintain oral health in older people, it is very important to use interdental cleaning devices. However, there is a lack of research on periodontal status and interdental cleaning device use in older people.MethodsThis study used data collected from the 7th National Health Nutrition Survey (KNHANES VII: 2016–2018). A total of 3426 older people adults aged 65 years or older were selected from 16 489 participants. Data on sociodemographic status (sex, age, level of education, income, residential area), personal health practice (subjective health status, smoking, physical activity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus), oral health practice (subjective oral health status, tooth brushing frequency, dental visits, and chewing problem), the number of teeth and periodontitis were collected. Periodontitis was defined as having a World Health Organisation community periodontal index (CPI) code greater than or equal to three, and severe periodontitis was defined as a CPI code 4. Participants having a CPI code of 3 or 4 were considered to have periodontal disease in this study. Logistic regression analysis investigated the association between interdental cleaning devices usage and periodontitis controlling the confounding factors.ResultsThose who do not use dental floss had a higher rate of periodontal disease (AOR = 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05 to 2.1). However, there were no significant differences by interdental brush use. In those with 20 or more teeth, non‐users of dental floss had a higher risk of periodontitis in all models. Conversely, in those with fewer than 20 teeth, no significant differences were observed.ConclusionsOlder people with mostly intact dentitions have better periodontal health if they clean between their teeth.
CD41+ extracellular vesicles produced by avian thrombocytes contain microRNAs
Authors: Sugimoto Kenkichi , Nishikawa Takamasa , Sugiyama Toshie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAvians have thrombocytes in their blood circulation rather than mammalian platelets. However, many details of thrombocyte characteristics have not been determined. Here, chicken thrombocytes were isolated, and extracellular vesicle (EV) production was investigated. The thrombocyte‐specific markers cd41 and cd61 were expressed in the yolk sac at 24 h. According to the embryonic developmental stage, the cd41‐expressing tissues changed from the yolk sac to the bone marrow and spleen. Accordingly, the bone marrow and spleen were the main tissues producing thrombocytes in adult chickens. Avian thrombocytes were separated from adult spleen cells through a combination of discontinuous density gradient centrifugation, phagocytic cell removal, and fluorescence‐activated cell sorting. Isolated thrombocytes produced CD41+ EVs (CD41+ EVs), and the CD41+ EVs also expressed CD9. Microarray analysis revealed that CD41+ EVs contain many microRNAs. Macrophage lines (RAW264.7) phagocytosed CD41+ EVs, and their phagocytosis and migration activity were suppressed. Microarray analysis also revealed that EVs altered gene expression in macrophages. These data indicated that the CD41+ EV was a carrier of microRNAs produced from thrombocytes and affected the cell characteristics of the received cells. Therefore, the CD41+ EVs of avians worked as a communication tool.
Visible light induced self‐cleaning performance of iron‐doped TiO2 nanoparticles for surface applications
Authors: Hasanuzzaman Muhammad , Islam Mohammad Johirul , Mokammel Mohammad Arif 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to enhance the visible light photosensitivity of TiO2 nanoparticles for self‐cleaning applications by doping with Fe3+. Nanocrystalline undoped and Fe‐doped TiO2 (Ti1 − xFexO2, x = .01–.04) were synthesized via sol–gel method. The results demonstrated that Fe‐doped TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited visible light sensitivity and self‐cleaning properties. An increased Fe concentration resulted in a red shift in the absorption band edge. Fe0.03‐doped TiO2 with an average particle size of ∼21 nm, a crystallite size of ∼12 nm, and a band gap of ∼2.86 eV showed the highest photocatalytic activity (60% methylene blue degradation) and super‐hydrophilicity (water droplet contact angle 9°) under visible light radiation. These findings highlight the potential of Fe‐doped TiO2 nanoparticles as a promising material for self‐cleaning applications.
Patient perspectives of recovery from myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: An interpretive description study
Authors: Hasan Zara , Kuyvenhoven Cassandra , Chowdhury Mehreen , Amoudi Lana , Zeraatkar Dena , Busse Jason W. , Sadik Marina , Vanstone Meredith 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesMyalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), also called chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), is characterised by persistent fatigue, postexertional malaise, and cognitive dysfunction. It is a complex, long‐term, and debilitating illness without widely effective treatments. This study describes the treatment choices and experiences of ME/CFS patients who have experienced variable levels of recovery.MethodInterpretive description study consisting of semi‐structured qualitative interviews with 33 people who met the US Centers for Disease Control (2015) diagnostic criteria for ME/CFS and report recovery or symptom improvement.ResultsTwenty‐six participants endorsed partial recovery, and seven reported full recovery from ME/CFS. Participants reported expending significant time and energy to identify, implement, and adapt therapeutic interventions, often without the guidance of a medical practitioner. They formulated individualised treatment plans reflecting their understanding of their illness and personal resources. Most fully recovered participants attributed their success to mind‐body approaches.ConclusionPatients with ME/CFS describe independently constructing and managing treatment plans, due to a lack of health system support. Stigmatised and dismissive responses from clinicians precipitated disengagement from the medical system and prompted use of other forms of treatment.
An absence of imperfections: A proposed framework for defining, assessing, and achieving skin glow
Authors: Goodman Greg J. , Armour Katherine , Ong David , Tienthavorn Tanongkiet , Wu Yan , Chen Pei‐Chun , Tam Elias , Ong Amanda , Messiha Gina , Telfer Tara , Avelar Luiz E. T. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundSkin glow is a subcomponent of skin quality. It has become entrenched in the cosmeceuticals and aesthetics lexicons as a synonym for health and youth, but is not well‐defined as a scientific metric.AimsTo examine the concept of skin glow and determine if it is an objective concept that can be defined and quantified.MethodsLiterature review was used to develop a survey on current concepts relating to skin quality. The survey results were analyzed descriptively and presented to a focus group comprising five dermatologists and four aesthetic physicians. This group then discussed the concept of skin glow, how to define it and what metrics could be used to assess it.ResultsSurveyed practitioners (n = 38) ranked skin quality as the fourth most important factor related to a person's overall aesthetic first impression. Almost all (95%) respondents reported routinely assessing skin quality, citing serial photography (83%), and visual inspection (67%) as the main means of achieving this. The focus group defined skin glow as even reflectance from an unaffected papillary and reticular dermal collagen layer, which is created only when skin does not exhibit any characteristics that detract from this even reflectance. Due to its complexity, the focus group proposed a hierarchal framework for assessment, encompassing patient self‐rating, practitioner severity rating, and supplemental use of validated measurement devices.ConclusionsSkin glow can be defined and quantified. More work is warranted to develop a practical skin glow assessment tool suitable for use in the clinic setting.
Building a resilient organization through a pre‐shock strategic emphasis on innovation
Authors: Engelen Andreas , Huesker Constantin , Rieger Verena , Berg Victoria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhy are some firms more resilient when systemic shocks like the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) or COVID‐19 pandemic set in? We approach this question by arguing that a firm's pre‐shock strategic emphasis on innovation can mitigate the consequences of such shocks by facilitating stability and flexibility, major components of organizational resilience, as the shock sets in. We test our arguments empirically by analyzing data from 2003 to 2011 on as many as 994 firms from the S&P 1500 to identify the causes of their resilience during the 2008 GFC. Our findings indicate that pre‐shock product introductions and, to some extent, top management's focus on innovation can facilitate stability and flexibility when a shock occurs, while R&D intensity and patents, other dimensions of a strategic emphasis on innovation, do so only when firm profitability before the shock is low. In this way, we direct innovation research's attention to the additional performance benefits of innovation activities when shocks occur and reveal which dimensions of a strategic emphasis on innovation buffer the negative consequences of a shock, thus providing insights into how innovation helps firms be resilient. Further, our theorizing and empirical findings unveil an intriguing paradox: While existing research tends to find positive associations between innovation and profitability in “regular” times, strong pre‐shock profitability impairs innovation's ability to unfold its effects fully at shock onset.
Vaccination for the prevention of equine herpesvirus‐1 disease in domesticated horses: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Osterrieder Klaus , Dorman David C. , Burgess Brandy A. , Goehring Lutz S. , Gross Peggy , Neinast Claire , Pusterla Nicola , Hussey Gisela Soboll , Lunn David P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundEquine herpes virus type 1 (EHV‐1) infection in horses is associated with respiratory and neurologic disease, abortion, and neonatal death.HypothesisVaccines decrease the occurrence of clinical disease in EHV‐1‐infected horses.MethodsA systematic review was performed searching multiple databases to identify relevant studies. Selection criteria were original peer‐reviewed research reports that investigated the in vivo use of vaccines for the prevention of disease caused by EHV‐1 in domesticated horses. Main outcomes of interest included pyrexia, abortion, neurologic disease, viremia, and nasal shedding. We evaluated risk of bias, conducted exploratory meta‐analyses of incidence data for the main outcomes, and performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for each vaccine subtype.ResultsA total of 1018 unique studies were identified, of which 35 met the inclusion criteria. Experimental studies accounted for 31/35 studies, with the remainder being observational studies. Eight vaccine subclasses were identified including commercial (modified‐live, inactivated, mixed) and experimental (modified‐live, inactivated, deletion mutant, DNA, recombinant). Risk of bias was generally moderate, often because of underreporting of research methods, and sample sizes were small leading to imprecision in the estimate of the effect size. Several studies reported either no benefit or minimal vaccine efficacy for the primary outcomes of interest. Meta‐analyses revealed significant heterogeneity was present, and our confidence in the quality of evidence for most outcomes was low to moderate.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceOur review indicates that commercial and experimental vaccines minimally reduce the incidence of clinical disease associated with EHV‐1 infection.
Realities and ideals: Experiences and needs of pediatric oncology nurses in communication processes with children and their families at the end‐of‐life period: A photovoice qualitative study
Authors: Özdemir Koyu Hazal , Algül Gökce , Kilicarslan Törüner Ebru 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEffective communication in end‐of‐life care for pediatric cancer patients is crucial. Yet, limited research focuses on the communication experiences of pediatric oncology nurses during this period. This study aims to investigate the communication experiences and needs of these nurses with children and their families during the end‐of‐life period. A qualitative study design with photo voice methodology was followed. The research was conducted with 16 pediatric oncology nurses working in the pediatric oncology wards of a university hospital between January and May 2023. Data were collected the “Characteristic Information Form”, “Semi‐Structured Interview Form”, and photovoice methodology. Data were analyzed through reflexive thematic analysis. Most of the nurses are at the undergraduate level, and their working experience in pediatric oncology wards ranges from 4 months to 17 years. Seven main themes emerged: Optimistic Communication‐Interaction, Mindfulness, Active Coping, Behavioral Actions, Death Uncertainty Dilemma, Interpersonal and Environmental Factors, and Discrepancy between Ideals and Reality. The study sheds light on the importance of pediatric oncology nurses' ideals versus realities upstream approach in communicating with end‐of‐life children and their families, empowering pediatric oncology nurses on the journey to ideal end‐of‐life care.
Liquid and solid gastric emptying and correlation with clinical characteristics in pediatric patients with dyspepsia
Authors: Santucci Neha R. , Corsiglia Joshua , El‐Chammas Khalil , Shumeiko Oleksandr , Liu Chunyan , Kaul Ajay 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is limited data on gastric emptying in dyspeptic children. We aimed to determine solid and liquid emptying rates in dyspeptic children and correlate with clinical characteristics.MethodsCharts of dyspeptic children undergoing 4‐hour dual‐phase gastric scintigraphy were reviewed for demographics, symptoms, and comorbidities.Key ResultsIn 1078 dyspeptic patients (65% females, median age 13 years) vomiting (55%), nausea (53%), and abdominal pain (52%) were the most common symptoms. The most common comorbidities were mental health (32%), neurologic (27%), and hypermobility spectrum disorders (20%). Solid and liquid emptying rates were aligned in 61.23%. Delayed solid with normal liquid emptying were noted in 2.5%, compared to delayed liquid with normal solid emptying in 26.16%. Abdominal pain had a trend for association with delayed or normal solid emptying (p = 0.06). Nausea was mostly reported with normal solid emptying (p < 0.0001) and underreported in patients <12 years with vomiting (29%). Abnormal solid emptying (rapid and delayed) was noted more frequently in children with mental health disorders (p = 0.027). Rapid liquid emptying was more common in children with genetic disorders (p = 0.032).Conclusion and InferencesOver half of children with dyspepsia had delayed liquid gastric emptying, and one quarter had delayed liquid with normal solid emptying. Dual‐phase gastric emptying studies may help target therapy in dyspeptic children. Nausea is not a reliable symptom for dyspepsia in younger children. Given the significant association of abnormal gastric emptying in children with mental health disorders, we recommend screening and treating children with dyspepsia.