bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning the Selectivity of Nitrate Reduction via Fine Composition Control of RuPdNP Catalysts
Authors: Troutman Jacob P. , Mantha Jagannath Sai Pavan , Li Hao , Henkelman Graeme , Humphrey Simon M. , Werth Charles J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHerein, aqueous nitrate (NO3−) reduction is used to explore composition‐selectivity relationships of randomly alloyed ruthenium‐palladium nanoparticle catalysts to provide insights into the factors affecting selectivity during this and other industrially relevant catalytic reactions. NO3− reduction proceeds through nitrite (NO2−) and then nitric oxide (NO), before diverging to form either dinitrogen (N2) or ammonium (NH4+) as final products, with N2 preferred in potable water treatment but NH4+ preferred for nitrogen recovery. It is shown that the NO3− and NO starting feedstocks favor NH4+ formation using Ru‐rich catalysts, while Pd‐rich catalysts favor N2 formation. Conversely, a NO2− starting feedstock favors NH4+ at ≈50 atomic‐% Ru and selectivity decreases with higher Ru content. Mechanistic differences have been probed using density functional theory (DFT). Results show that, for NO3− and NO feedstocks, the thermodynamics of the competing pathways for N–H and N–N formation lead to preferential NH4+ or N2 production, respectively, while Ru‐rich surfaces are susceptible to poisoning by NO2− feedstock, which displaces H atoms. This leads to a decrease in overall reduction activity and an increase in selectivity toward N2 production. Together, these results demonstrate the importance of tailoring both the reaction pathway thermodynamics and initial reactant binding energies to control overall reaction selectivity.
Photosynthetic‐Membrane‐Like Ion Translocation in Visible‐Light‐Harvesting Nanofluidic Channels
Authors: Nie Xiaoyan , Li Li , Sun Mingyan , Xiao Tianliang , Hu Ziying , Liu Zhaoyue 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe selective uphill and downhill movement of protons in and out of photosynthetic membrane enabled by ion pumps and ion channels is key to photosynthesis. Reproducing the functions of photosynthetic membranes in artificial systems has been a persistent goal. Here, a visible‐light‐harvesting nanofluidic channels is reported which experimentally demonstrates the ion translocation functions of photosynthetic membranes. A molecular junction consisting of photosensitive ruthenium complexes linked to TiO2 electron acceptors forms the reaction centers in the nanofluidic channels. The visible‐light‐triggered vectorial electron injection into TiO2 establishes a difference in transmembrane potential across the channels, which enables uphill transport of ions against a 5‐fold concentration gradient. In addition, the asymmetric charge distribution across the channels enables the unidirectional downhill movement of ions, demonstrating an ion rectification effect with a ratio of 18:1. This work, for the first time, mimics both the uphill and downhill ion translocation functions of photosynthetic membranes, which lays a foundation for nanofluidic energy conversion.
Molecular Structure Engineering of Isomeric Additives for Long Lifetime Zn Anodes
Authors: Gao Yulong , Fu Jimin , Mo Funian , Zhang Lixin , Ho Derek , Hu Haibo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractModulating the solvation structure of hydrated zinc ions using organic additives stands as a pragmatic approach to suppress dendrite formation and corrosion on zinc metal anodes (ZMAs), thereby enhancing the rechargeability of aqueous Zn‐ion batteries. However, fundamental screening principles for organic additives with diverse molecular structures remain elusive, especially for isomers with the same molecular formula. This study delves into the impact of three isomeric hexagonal alcohols (mannitol, sorbitol, and galactitol) as additives in adjusting Zn2+ solvation structural behaviors within ZnSO4 baseline electrolytes. Electrical measurements and molecular simulations reveal the specific molecular structure of mannitol, which features interweaving electron clouds between adjacent hydroxyl groups, achieving a high local electron cloud density. This phenomenon significantly enhances desolvation abilities, thus establishing a more stable anode/electrolyte interface chemistry. Even at 5 mA cm−2 for 2.5 mAh cm−2 capacity, Zn||Zn symmetric cells with mannitol‐regulated electrolyte display an impressive 1170 h lifespan, far exceeding those with other isomer additives and is nearly tenfold longer than that with a pure ZnSO4 electrolyte (120 h). Rather than strictly adhering to focusing on chemical composition, this study with emphasis on optimizing molecular structure offers a promising untapped dimension to screen more efficient additives to enhance the reversibility of ZMAs.
Log‐based anomaly detection for distributed systems: State of the art, industry experience, and open issues
Authors: Wei Xinjie , Wang Jie , Sun Chang‐ai , Towey Dave , Zhang Shoufeng , Zuo Wanqing , Yu Yiming , Ruan Ruoyi , Song Guyang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDistributed systems have been widely used in many safety‐critical areas. Any abnormalities (e.g., service interruption or service quality degradation) could lead to application crashes or decrease user satisfaction. These things may cause serious economic losses. Among the various quality assurance approaches for distributed systems, log‐based anomaly detection (LAD) has become a popular research topic. Its popularity relates to system logs being able to record and reveal important run‐time information. This paper presents a general LAD framework for distributed systems. Log grouping and feature‐pattern mining are two crucial LAD components that impact on the anomaly‐detection effectiveness. We also present a systematic survey of techniques in these two directions; propose classification frameworks for log grouping and feature patterns; and summarize four log‐grouping techniques and five feature patterns (which refer to invariant relationships among logs that can be used for anomaly detection). To evaluate their applicability, we report on the findings when applying existing techniques to Ray, a popular industrial distributed system. Based on these findings, several open issues are identified, which provide potential guidance for future research and development.
Genome‐wide analysis of PvMADS in common bean and functional characterization of PvMADS31 in Arabidopsis thaliana as a player in abiotic stress responses
Authors: Mostafa Karam , Yerlikaya Bayram Ali , Abdulla Mohamed Farah , Aydin Abdullah , Yerlikaya Seher , Kavas Musa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChanging climatic conditions with rising temperatures and altered precipitation patterns pose significant challenges to agricultural productivity, particularly for common bean crops. Transcription factors (TFs) are crucial regulators that can mitigate the impact of biotic and abiotic stresses on crop production. The MADS‐box TFs family has been implicated in various plant physiological processes, including stress‐responsive mechanisms. However, their role in common bean and their response to stressful conditions remain poorly understood. Here, we identified 35 MADS‐box gene family members in common bean, with conserved MADS‐box domains and other functional domains. Gene duplication events were observed, suggesting the significance of duplication in the evolutionary development of gene families. The analysis of promoter regions revealed diverse elements, including stress‐responsive elements, indicating their potential involvement in stress responses. Notably, PvMADS31, a member of the PvMADS‐box gene family, demonstrated rapid upregulation under various abiotic stress conditions, including NaCl, polyethylene glycol, drought, and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. Transgenic plants overexpressing PvMADS31 displayed enhanced lateral root development, root elongation, and seed germination under stress conditions. Furthermore, PvMADS31 overexpression in Arabidopsis resulted in improved drought tolerance, likely attributed to the enhanced scavenging of ROS and increased proline accumulation. These findings suggest that PvMADS31 might play a crucial role in modulating seed germination, root development, and stress responses, potentially through its involvement in auxin and ABA signaling pathways. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the potential roles of PvMADS‐box genes in abiotic stress responses in common bean, offering prospects for crop improvement strategies to enhance resilience under changing environmental conditions.
Leadership identity development
Authors: Yamanaka Aoi , Owen Julie E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article examines various applications of the leadership identity development (LID) grounded theory and model and explores the process used to apply LID to the construction of collegiate student leadership development experiences. Featured programs include those that use LID as a design element of the program, but do not explicitly teach it; those that explicitly teach the content of the LID theory and model in leadership programs and curricula; and those that use LID at the institutional level to inform university‐wide leadership programming. The article concludes with critiques and considerations for leadership educators interested in applying LID in their leadership education and development programs.
Socially responsible leadership and the social change model
Authors: Adams Jasmine S. , Patterson Sydnee , Skendall Kristan Cilente 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe social change model is one of the most used leadership models at colleges and universities around the globe. With this article, we explore the social change model (SCM) as a framework for socially responsible leadership program design. We discuss the SCM, its history, and the evolution of this approach. Furthermore, we highlight critiques of the SCM, which are important considerations in program design. The Aspen Young Leaders Fellowship is featured in this article and serves as an example of a holistic program designed for impact grounded in socially responsible leadership. We conclude with a summary of relevant research as well as resources to learn more about the SCM and socially responsible leadership.
Building Bridges: Community-Based Projects for Participation and Social Inclusion of Rural NEETs
Authors: Ferreira Tatiana , Ellena Adriano Mauro , Jonsson Frida , Barbosa Belém , Uyan-Semerci Pınar , Tuna Emelj , Kvieskienė Giedrė , Marta Elena , Unay-Gailhard İlkay , Fernandes-Jesus Maria 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis chapter focuses on factors that facilitate community-based projects for providing effective and sustainable responses to the challenges faced by young people Not in Employment, Education, or Training (NEETs) in rural areas and more specifically to promote their quality of life and social inclusion. In line with Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological model (1977, 1979) and considering community-based projects as part of the exosystem, we aim to identify the barriers and constraints faced by projects targeting young NEETs in rural areas. As part of the collaborative research developed by the members of the “WG1—Rural NEETs Social Networks and Social Inclusion” of the Rural NEET Youth Network, we identified five promising community-based projects in Portugal, Italy, Sweden, North Macedonia, and Lithuania and conducted semi-structured interviews with the project coordinators. Our analysis showed that the identified projects take into account the different levels of the bioecological model and the need to involve how young people and local communities. Both these factors are crucial for their success and sustainability over time.
A More Youth-Centered Policy Development Perspective in NEET Policies
Authors: Erdoğan Emre , Paabort Heidi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUnderstanding young people’s needs from their own perspective is important for effective policy making. The Youth Guarantee (YG) has been successful in providing training, job search assistance, monitoring, and public work programs for vulnerable young people (NEETs). However, the YG primarily focuses on economic aspects, ignoring multidimensional social problems faced by this vulnerable group. Our chapter focuses on the factors behind the need and on the potential of young people’s contribution to policy-making making it more youth-centered. Recent academic discussions have focused on improving policy development processes beyond the classic or rationalist approach, incorporating cognitive biases, power factors, the multiplicity of actors, and the importance of the environment. To address these challenges, we present the results of a multi-country thought experiment that revealed that the national government is the most important actor in policy development for NEETs, followed by public employment services, local government, civil society organizations, and regional governments. Subsequently, we explore the potential benefits for policy development of new design thinking approaches based on the case example of the Reinforced YG of Estonia. The Estonian approach aims to address the multidimensionality of social problems faced by vulnerable young people and to promote a design-based policy development mindset, creating new avenues for support and services.
Reference Architecture for AI-Based Industry 5.0 Applications
Authors: Soldatos John , Ipektsidis Babis , Kefalakis Nikos , Despotopoulou Angela-Maria 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIndustry 5.0 (I5.0) is a novel paradigm for the development and deployment of industrial applications based on Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). It evolves Industry 4.0 in directions that exploit trustworthy human–AI interactions in human-in-the-loop scenarios. Despite the rising popularity of I5.0, there is still a lack of reference architectures (RAs) that outline the building blocks of I5.0 applications, along with the structuring principles for effectively integrating them in industrial systems. This chapter introduces a reference model for industrial applications that addresses critical elements and requirements of the I5.0, including human–robot collaboration, cybersecurity, safety, and trust. The model enhances state-of-the-art I4.0 Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) architectures with human-centered I5.0 features and functionalities. Based on this model, the present chapter introduces a set of blueprints that could ease the development, deployment, and operation of I5.0 applications. These blueprints address technical integration, trustworthy operations, as well as the ever-important compliance to applicable regulations such as General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the emerging AI Act.
A Manufacturing Digital Twin Framework
Authors: Anaya Victor , Alberti Enrico , Scivoletto Gabriele 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDigital twin technology has become a driving force in the transformation of the manufacturing industry, playing a crucial role in optimizing processes, increasing productivity, and enhancing product quality. A digital twin (DT) is a digital representation of a physical entity or process, modeled to improve decision-making in a safe and cost-efficient environment. Digital twins (DTs) cover a range of problems in different domains at different phases in the lifecycle of a product or process. DTs have gained momentum due to their seamless integration with technologies such as IoT, machine learning algorithms, and analytics solutions. DTs can have different scopes in the manufacturing domain, including process level, system level, asset level, and component level. This work presents the knowlEdge Digital Twin Framework (DTF), a toolkit that comprises a set of tools to create specific instances of DTs in the manufacturing process. This chapter explains how the DTF relates to other standards, such as ISO 23247. This chapter also presents the implementation done for a dairy company.
A Multi-intelligent Agent Solution in the Automotive Component–Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Usatorre Luis , Clavijo Sergio , Lopez Pedro , Imanol Echeverría , Cebrian Fernando , Guillén David , Bakopoulos E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe manufacturing industry is an ecosystem full of changes and variations where production conditions are never the same. As an example, the raw materials received from suppliers differ from one another, though within tolerances. And similar variations appear in all areas of manufacturing, such as tool wearing, the statuses of production machines, and even operator decisions.Improvements to production must factor in technical considerations and economic ones. Several points of view must be included to determine the best solution. Even when applying artificial intelligence (AI) in the manufacturing process, the situation should be similar: Several agents with different goals should interact to determine the most holistic solution.This paper presents the ontology, semantics, and architecture that facilitates multiagent interaction. The Reference Architecture Model Industry 4.0, or RAMI 4.0 (RAMI4.0 – 2018 – DE (plattform-i40.de)), has been selected as the basis for this approach.Given that most of the time, the operator’s decision is based on intuition and experience, not based on data analysis, this paper also analyses which data architecture will permit the data analysis of raw materials, finished products, tooling characteristics and statuses, machine parameters, and external conditions, to minimize the influence of intuition and personal bias on decision-making in manufacturing.
Object Detection for Human–Robot Interaction and Worker Assistance Systems
Authors: Tavakoli Hooman , Suh Sungho , Walunj Snehal , Pahlevannejad Parsha , Plociennik Christiane , Ruskowski Martin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe primary goal of this research is to describe the scenarios, challenges, and complexities associated with object detection in industrial environments and to provide clues on how to tackle them. While object detection in production lines offers significant advantages, it also poses notable difficulties. This chapter delves into the common scenarios and specific challenges encountered in industrial object detection and proposes targeted solutions for various use cases. For example, synthetic data play a pivotal role in overcoming labeling challenges, particularly when it comes to small objects. By harnessing synthetic data, we can efficiently track and debug object detection results, ensuring faster identification and resolution of many data labeling issues. Synthetic data facilitate effective tracking and debugging of object detection results, streamlining the overall workflow. Furthermore, we explore the application of object detection in head-worn devices, utilizing the human point of view (POV) as a valuable perspective. This approach not only enhances human assistance systems but also enhances safety in specific use cases. Through this research endeavor, our aim is to contribute to the advancement of the whole process of object detection methods in complex industrial environments.
Textbooks in Far Northern California High Schools in 2007–2022
Authors: Gellman Mneesha 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAt the turn of the twenty-first century, textbooks still show concerning representations of Native American and Mexico and im/migrants. This chapter starts off with a discussion of how the twisted and inaccurate tale of Pocahontas is still being taught in schools today, followed by an analysis of textbooks published in 2007, 2013, and 2019. It also includes an excerpt from Robert Anderson, a teacher at Hoopa Valley High School in far Northern California, describing his qualms with the required problematic texts he is supposed to teach. Even the more recently published textbooks in 2013 and 2019 still make subtle cues towards a White-centric point of view of US history, rather than facing the hard and ugly truths of our nation’s past.
Functional Requirements for Enterprise Data Catalogs: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Petrik Dimitri , Untermann Anne , Baars Henning 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOrganizations must gain insights into often fragmented and isolated data assets and overcome data silos to profitably leverage data as a strategic resource. Data catalogs are an increasingly popular approach to achieving these objectives. Despite the perceived importance of data catalogs in practice, relatively little research exists on how to design corporate data catalogs. It is also obvious that the existing market solutions have to be customized to the specific organizational needs. This paper presents a list of functional requirements for enterprise data catalogs extracted from a systematic literature review. The requirements can be used to frame and guide more specific research on data catalogs as well as for system selection and customization in practice.
Benefits, Challenges, and Implications of Open-Source Software for Health-Tech Startups: An Empirical Study
Authors: Ahmad Noman , Tripathi Nirnaya 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHealth-tech startups are essential, as they provide cutting-edge solutions to numerous healthcare concerns in the rapidly evolving healthcare industry. They use various technologies to create solutions that boost and advance healthcare systems and healthcare delivery. Open-source software (OSS) technology has become an essential component of startups’ toolkits, providing various advantages, such as free access to source codes and opportunities for innovation. Research on OSS in healthcare startups is limited, so our study aims to investigate how health-tech startups perceive the influence of OSS on product development and to identify the challenges they face. To meet this objective, we conducted an empirical study with six health-tech startups, using semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was performed on the collected data to identify common themes and subthemes related to the research objective. The findings showed that health-tech startups benefit from the cost efficiency, scalability, and customization of OSS. Open-source software tools, reshape development and promote efficient code management, provide community support, and reduce costs. However, they demand OSS knowledge, management of updates, regulatory compliance, and heightened cybersecurity. Our study adds to the body of knowledge on OSS and healthcare startups and the connection between them. We provide recommendations for health-tech startups, such as embracing OSS tools for their benefits, investing in education and training, and engaging with the OSS community for comprehensive support in their product development processes.
Strategic Digital Product Management in the Age of AI
Authors: Olsson Helena Holmström , Bosch Jan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe role of software product management is key for building, implementing and managing software products. However, although there is prominent research on software product management (SPM) there are few studies that explore how this role is rapidly changing due to digitalization and digital transformation of the software-intensive industry. In this paper, we study how key trends such as DevOps, data and artificial intelligence (AI), and the emergence of digital ecosystems are rapidly changing current SPM practices. Whereas earlier, product management was concerned with predicting the outcome of development efforts and prioritizing requirements based on these predictions, digital technologies require a shift towards experimental ways-of-working and hypotheses to be tested. To support this change, and to provide guidelines for future SPM practices, we first identify the key challenges that software-intensive embedded systems companies experience with regards to current SPM practices. Second, we present an empirically derived framework for strategic digital product management (SPM4AI) in which we outline what we believe are key practices for SPM in the age of AI.