bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of FHOD1‐binding proteins and mechanisms of FHOD1‐regulated actin dynamics
Authors: Westendorf Jennifer J. , Koka Sreenivas 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFormin homology‐2‐domain containing protein 1 (FHOD1) regulates gene transcription, actin‐cytoskeleton structure, and cell migration. To gain insight into the mechanisms by which FHOD1 mediates these diverse activities, a yeast‐two‐hybrid screen was performed to identify FHOD1‐binding proteins. Three proteins specifically interacted with the carboxy‐terminal two‐thirds of FHOD1, which includes the FH1, FH2, and diaphanous activating domains (DAD). The newly identified FHOD1‐binding proteins are protein kinase C binding protein 1 (PRKCBP1), cyclophilin B, and an isoform of WASP‐interacting SH3‐domain protein/diaphanous‐interacting protein 1 (WISH/DIP1), named WISH‐B. The proline‐rich FH1 domain of FHOD1 was sufficient to interact with the central portion of PRKCP1 and full‐length cyclophilin B. The FH1 domain also interacted with full‐length WISH‐B, but the extreme amino‐terminus was sufficient to associate with WISH‐B as well. WISH‐B altered the solubility of FHOD1 in vitro and a truncation mutant containing the amino‐terminal 227 residues of WISH‐B disrupted FHOD1‐induced stress fibers. WISH‐B did not affect FHOD1‐induced gene transcription through the serum response factor (SRF) recognition site on the skeletal α actin promoter (SkA). However, stabilization of F‐actin prevented FHOD1 dependent activation of this promoter in presence of high, but not low serum concentrations. Thus, the identification of a new FHOD1‐binding protein provides insight into the mechanisms by which FHOD1 regulates actin polymerization and transcription. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multicut‐HDMR with an application to an ionospheric model
Authors: Li Genyuan , Schoendorf Jacqueline , Ho Tak‐San , Rabitz Herschel 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA new High Dimensional Model Representation (HDMR) tool, Multicut‐HDMR, is introduced and applied to an ionospheric electron density model. HDMR is a general set of quantitative model assessment and analysis tools for improving the efficiency of deducing high‐dimensional input–output system behavior. HDMR describes an output [f(x)] in terms of its input variables (x = {x1, x2, …, xn}) via a series of finite, hierarchical, correlated function expansions. Various forms of HDMR are constructed for different purposes such as modeling laboratory or field data, or reproducing a complicated mathematical model. The Cut‐HDMR technique, which expresses f(x) with respect to a specified reference point x in the input space, is appropriate when the input space is sampled in an orderly fashion. However, if the desired domain of the input space is too large, the HDMR function expansion may not converge, and Cut‐HDMR will be unable to accurately approximate f(x). The new Multicut‐HDMR technique addresses this problem through the use of multiple reference points in the input space. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 25: 1149–1156, 2004
Role of endoplasmic reticulum calcium content in prostate cancer cell growth regulation by IGF and TNFalpha
Authors: Humez Sandrine , Legrand Gillaume , Vanden‐Abeele Fabien , Monet Michaël , Marchetti Philipe , Lepage Gilbert , Crepin Alexandre , Dewailly Etienne , Wuytack Frank , Prevarskaya Natalia 
Published: April 2004

AbstractVariations in calcium concentration within the endoplasmic reticulum ([Ca2+]ER) may play a role in cell growth. This study evaluates the regulation of calcium pools by growth modulators of prostate cancer (PC) cells, the insulin growth factor (IGF), and the tumor necrosis growth factor‐alpha (TNFalpha) as well as evaluating the possible role of [Ca2+]ER variations as signals for growth modulation. We show that IGF (5 ng/ml), which increases cell growth, induces an increase in [Ca2+]ER whereas TNFalpha (1 ng/ml) which reduces cell proliferation and induces apoptosis, reduces [Ca2+]ER. IGF‐induced [Ca2+]ER increase is correlated to an overexpression of the sarcoendoplasmic calcium‐ATPase 2B (SERCA2b), whereas TNFalpha‐induced [Ca2+]ER decrease is associated to a reduction in SERCA2b expression. Pretreatment with epidermal growth factors (EGF) or IGF does not prevent TNFalpha from affecting the induction of apoptosis, [Ca2+]ER reduction and SERCA2b downregulation. Reduction in [Ca2+]ER induced by thapsigargin (TG) (from 1 pM to 1 μM, 48 h) reduces LNCaP growth in a dose dependent manner and induces apoptosis when cells are treated with 1 μM TG. We also show that a transient TG application (1 pM, 1 nM, 1 μM 15 min) is insufficient to induce a long lasting decrease in [Ca2+]ER, since [Ca2+]ER remains identical to the control for 48 h following TG application. These treatments (1 pM and 1 nM, 15 min) do not modify cell growth. However, TG (1 μM, 15 min) induces apoptosis. We thus identify [Ca2+]ER and SERCA2b as a central targets for causing LNCaP PC cell life or death induced by growth modulators. Furthermore our results indicate that calcium pool contents can regulate cell growth. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Activity and expression of Xenopus laevis matrix metalloproteinases: Identification of a novel role for the hormone prolactin in regulating collagenolysis in both amphibians and mammals
Authors: Jung Jae‐Chang , West‐Mays Judith A. , Stramer Brian M. , Byrne Michael H. , Scott Sumi , Mody Mehernosh K. , Sadow Peter M. , Krane Stephen M. , Fini M. Elizabeth 
Published: April 2004

AbstractProlactin (PRL) has long been implicated in Xenopus metamorphosis as an anti‐metamorphic and/or juvenilizing hormone. Numerous studies showed that PRL could prevent effects of either endogenous or exogenous thyroid hormone (TH; T3). It has been shown that expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is induced by TH during Xenopus metamorphosis. Direct in vivo evidence, however, for such anti‐TH effects by PRL with respect to MMPs has not been available for the early phase of Xenopus development or metamorphosis. To understand the functional role of PRL, we investigated effects of PRL on Xenopus collagenase‐3 (XCL3) and collagenase‐4 (XCL4) expression in a cultured Xenopus laevis cell line, XL‐177. Northern blot analysis demonstrated that XCL3 and XCL4 expression were not detected in control or T3‐treated cells, but were differentially induced by PRL in a dose‐ and time‐dependent fashion. Moreover, treatment with IL‐1α as well as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), a protein kinase C (PKC) activator, or H8, a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, augmented PRL‐induced collagenase expression, suggesting that multiple protein kinase pathways and cytokines may participate in PRL‐induced collagenase expression. Interestingly, XCL3 expression could be induced in XL‐177 cells by T3, but only when co‐cultured with prometamorphic Xenopus tadpole tails (stage 54/55), suggesting that the tails secrete a required intermediate signaling molecule(s) for T3‐induced XCL3 expression. Taken together, these data demonstrate that XCL3 and XCL4 can be differentially induced by PRL and T3 and further suggest that PRL is a candidate regulator of TH‐independent collagenase expression during the organ/tissue remodeling which occurs in Xenopus development. J. Cell. Physiol. 201: 165, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chiral Polymers Containing a Carbohydrate Moiety: Synthesis
Authors: Maślińska‐Solich Jolanta , Kukowka Sylwia 
Published: April 2004

AbstractSummary: This paper reports the preparation of poly(acetal‐ethers) by two alternative synthetic pathways (alkaline and acid‐catalyzed conditions). Polycondensations of methyl 2,3:4,6‐di‐O‐salicylidene‐α‐D‐mannopyranoside (3) (mixtures of endo‐H and exo‐H dioxolan‐2‐yl‐diastereomers) with 1,4‐dibromobutane (4) (method I a and I b) were performed in solvents (DMF, butyl acetate/DMF, DMSO) and were catalyzed by K2CO3/KI or KOH. A similar polymer (6) was formed by the reaction of methyl α‐D‐mannopyranoside (1) and 1,4‐bis(2‐formylphenoxy)butane (7), catalyzed by p‐toluenesulfonic acid (method II). Regardless of conversion or initial comonomer feed ratios, the composition of the polycondensates depended on the reaction conditions, leading to the formation of macrocyclic [1 + 1] (5) and [2 + 2] compounds, which were macromolecules with diverse molecular weights and optical properties. The regioselective polycondensation was examined by 1H NMR spectroscopy of selected polymers. In the case of 5‐membered cyclic acetal units, mixtures of the endo‐H and exo‐H dioxolan‐2‐yl system, diastereomers were formed in the polymer chain. The macrocycles and linear oligomers were identified by NMR and electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS). Thermodynamically controlled reactions for making macrocycles as well as oligomers in the absence of templates are also discussed.image
Amphiphilic Block Copolymers Based on Poly(2‐acryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) Prepared via RAFT Polymerisation as Biocompatible Nanocontainers
Authors: Stenzel Martina H. , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher , Davis Thomas P. , Dalton Helen M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractSummary: Amphiphilic block copolymers composed of poly(butyl acrylate) and poly(2‐acryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) have been prepared using reversible addition fragmentation transfer (RAFT) polymerisation. The conversion of the polymerisation was determined using online FT NIR spectroscopy. NMR spectroscopy was used not only to support the results obtained from FT NIR spectroscopy but also prove the formation of micelles. Due to the strong aggregation tendency of these block copolymers and the resulting difficulties concerning the molecular weight analysis test experiments were carried out replacing poly(2‐acryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) with poly(2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate). Micelle size and the aggregation behaviour were investigated using dynamic light scattering. The sizes of the nanocontainers obtained were found to be influenced by the block length as well as the solvent leading to micelles in the range between 40 and 160 nm. The toxicity of the RAFT agent used was then analysed by cell growth inhibition tests.image
Cover Picture: Macromol. Biosci. 4/2004
Authors: Maślińska‐Solich Jolanta , Kukowka Sylwia 
Published: April 2004

Cover: A convenient preparation for a new type of macrocyclic and linear oligomers with carbohydrate moiety (methyl α‐D‐mannopyranoside and salicylaldehyde derivatives) is reported. The thermodynamically controlled reaction to make macrocycles as well as linear oligomers in the absence of template becomes a valuable addition to the limited number of reaction types using dynamic covalent chemistry.Further details can be found in the Full Paper by J. Maślińsska‐Solich* and S. Kukowka on page 421.
Cocrystallization of Blends of Ethylene/1‐Olefin Copolymers: An Investigation with Crystallization Analysis Fractionation (Crystaf)
Authors: Anantawaraskul Siripon , Soares João B. P. , Wood‐Adams Paula M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractSummary: Crystallization analysis fractionation (Crystaf) is a technique for estimating the chemical composition distribution (CCD) of semi‐crystalline copolymers. Cocrystallization may happen during Crystaf analysis, affecting Crystaf profiles and leading to misinterpretation of the CCD. This study investigates this phenomenon and determines the main factors leading to cocrystallization by analyzing a series of ethylene/1‐olefin copolymers. We considered three factors affecting cocrystallization: comonomer type, cooling rate and chain crystallizability. The results showed that cooling rate and similarity in chain crystallizability are the key factors regulating cocrystallization during Crystaf analysis.Crystaf analysis of blends of copolymers.magnified imageCrystaf analysis of blends of copolymers.
Pregnancy in stiff‐limb syndrome
Authors: Weatherby Stuart J.M. , Woolner Philippa , Clarke Carl E. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTo our knowledge, pregnancy in a patient with stiff‐limb‐syndrome (SLS) has not been reported. We present the case of a woman with SLS who improved during pregnancy, delivered a normal healthy baby by forceps‐assisted vaginal delivery, and suffered a mild postpartum “relapse.” © 2004 Movement Disorder Society
Indirect nuclear spin–spin coupling constants in 1,2‐diboretane‐3‐ylidene, a homoaromatic system with π and σ 3c/2e bonds. Comparison of experimental data with calculations using density functional theory (DFT)
Authors: Wrackmeyer Bernd , Berndt Armin 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe non‐classical 1,2‐diboretane‐3‐ylidene 1a was studied by 13C and 29Si NMR spectroscopy in order to obtain coupling constants 1J(13C,11B) and 1J(29Si,13C). The magnitudes of 1J(13C,11B) were deduced from linewidth measurements in low‐temperature 13C and 11B NMR spectra. Calculation of the coupling constants for model compounds related to 1a, using DFT methods based on optimized geometries [B3LYP/6–311+G(d,p)], gave data in agreement with the experiments. Furthermore, the calculations predict for the first time a negative sign of 1J(13C,11B) which mirrors the bonding situation in 1 as described by theory. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigations of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in three types of Schiff bases by 2H and 3H NMR isotope effects
Authors: Schilf Wojciech , Bloxsidge James P. , Jones John R. , Lu Shui‐Yu 
Published: April 2004

AbstractHydrogen bonding within the structures of three Schiff bases (1–3), obtained by condensation of 4‐methoxy‐, 5‐methoxy‐ and 4,6‐dimethoxysalicylaldehyde with methylamine, was investigated by measuring deuterium and tritium NMR isotope effects. The primary deuterium and tritium isotope effects (δXH−δXD/T) and secondary one‐bond nitrogen deuterium effect appear to be very useful parameters for defining the character of intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The tritium isotope effects were also determined for nitrogen–hydrogen one‐bond coupling constants for both 4‐methoxy and 4,6‐dimethoxy derivatives. These parameters are seen to be highly sensitive to hydrogen bond characteristics and can be used to distinguish localized and tautomeric hydrogen bonds. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chromatin organization during spermiogenesis in Octopus vulgaris. II: DNA‐interacting proteins
Authors: Giménez‐Bonafé Pepita , Soler Fina Martínez , Buesa Carlos , Sautière Pierre‐Eric , Ausió Juan , Kouach Mostafa , Kasinsky Harold E. , Chiva Manel 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn this article we study the proteins responsible for chromatin condensation during spermiogenesis in the cephalopod Octopus vulgaris. The DNA of ripe sperm nuclei in this species is condensed by a set of five different proteins. Four of these proteins are protamines. The main protamine (Po2), a protein of 44 amino acid residues, is extraordinarily simple (composed of only three different amino acid types: arginine (R), serine (S), and glycine (G). It is a basic molecule consisting of 79.5 mol% arginine residues. The rest of the protamines (Po3, Po4, Po5) are smaller molecules (33, 28, and 30 amino acid residues, respectively) that are homologous among themselves and probably with the main Po2 protamine. The ripe sperm nucleus of O. vulgaris also contains a small quantity of a molecule (Po1) that is similar to Po2 protamine. This protein could represent a Po2 protamine‐precursor in a very advanced step of its processing. We discuss the characteristics of these proteins, as well as the relation between the complexity of chromatin condensation and the transitions of nuclear proteins during spermiogenesis in O. vulgaris. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 68: 232–239, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development, chromosomal composition, and cell allocation of bovine cloned blastocyst derived from chemically assisted enucleation and cultured in conditioned media
Authors: Li Guang‐Peng , Bunch Thomas D. , White Kenneth L. , Aston Kenneth I. , Meerdo Lora N. , Pate Barry J. , Sessions Benjamin R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTreatment of in vitro matured bovine oocytes with colcemid results in a membrane protrusion that contains maternal chromosomes, which can be easily removed by aspiration. Four experiments were designed to evaluate the overall and temporal effects of conditioned medium (CM) by bovine cumulus cells on development of nuclear transfer (NT) bovine embryos and to examine the chromosomal composition and allocation of inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) of the subsequent blastocysts. The nuclear transfer embryos were cultured in various CR1aa media conditioned by preculture with bovine cumulus cells. Development to the blastocyst stage in BSA‐containing CM (BCM) and serum‐containing CM (SCM) were similar to co‐culture group (24–30%). The 24 hr‐conditioned BCM yielded higher blastocyst development than 48 and 72 hr‐conditioned BCM. Temporary exposure of embryos to BCM and SCM followed by CR1aa was also studied. Morula and blastocyst development were not different among the groups cultured in BCM for 72, 96, and 168 hr, but were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than groups exposed to BCM for 24 and 48 hr, respectively. Blastocyst development in SCM for 24 hr (29%), 96 hr (25%), and 168 hr (27%) were much higher (P < 0.05) than those in SCM for 48 hr (12%) and 72 hr (10%). The analyses of chromosomal composition of the resulting blastocysts indicate approximately 80% of the blastocysts cultured in CR1aa with co‐culture or groups initially exposed to BCM for 24 hr followed by culture in CR1aa were diploid. However, the incidence of diploidy were only 36–60% in SCM‐cultured groups and groups cultured in BCM beyond 48 hr. Conditioned media did not affect the allocation of ICM and TE in the blastocyst. No difference was found in the ratio of inner cell mass to total cells in co‐culture, BCM or SCM groups (0.424, 0.441, and 0.473, respectively). In conclusion, bovine cumulus cell‐CM and CR1aa with co‐culture supported comparable development and blastocyst ICM:total cell ratio of bovine NT embryos. However, CM affected the blastocyst chromosomal composition and induced higher mixploidy. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 68: 189–197, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of PTEN in malignant and non‐malignant human prostate tissues: comparison with p27 protein expression
Authors: Fenic Irina , Franke Folker , Failing Klaus , Steger Klaus , Woenckhaus Joachim 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe role of the putative tumour suppressor PTEN in prostate carcinogenesis is controversial. There are conflicting data regarding the rate of its gene inactivation, the role of transcriptional and post‐transcriptional factors, as well as its relationship to tumour progression and to the potential downstream regulator, the cell‐cycle inhibitor p27. The present study has assessed the in situ expression of PTEN mRNA and protein in 26 prostate intraepithelial neoplasias (PINs), 58 primary prostate carcinomas, and 15 metastases. Although there was a correlation between PTEN mRNA and protein expression, mRNA detection exceeded detection of protein in 19% of PINs and 30% of all invasive tumours. Using RT‐PCR and western blotting on microdissected tissue, this discrepancy was attributed, at least in part, to transcription of the PTEN pseudo‐gene, which lacks introns. Total or partial loss of PTEN protein occurred with tumour progression but this association was not statistically significant. Analysing the relationship between PTEN and p27 protein expression on consecutive sections by immunohistochemistry, the results do not support a direct link between the two oncosuppressors, other than an associated loss of expression in advanced tumour stages. However, in the basal cells of prostate glands and in most PINs, an inverse relationship was observed between PTEN and p27. This may reflect the existence of a functional balance that controls the cell cycle in prostatic epithelium and that is probably disturbed in invasive tumour cells. Copyright © 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Heparanase expression during normal liver development and following partial hepatectomy
Authors: Goldshmidt Orit , Yeikilis Rita , Mawasi Nidal , Paizi Melia , Gan Noga , Ilan Neta , Pappo Orit , Vlodavsky Israel , Spira Gadi 
Published: April 2004

AbstractHeparan sulphate proteoglycans are major components of the liver extracellular matrix. Their cleavage by heparanase (endo‐β‐glucuronidase) may thus be involved in liver‐specific normal and pathological processes. Heparanase mRNA and protein were expressed during liver development but not in the mature healthy liver. A biphasic gain of heparanase expression, detected by immunostaining, western blotting, and real‐time RT‐PCR, was clearly noted following partial hepatectomy, peaking at 12 and 96–168 h and subsiding 2 weeks post‐surgery. Expression of heparan sulphate gradually increased throughout the regeneration process. Unlike heparanase, baseline levels of matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) were detected in the intact liver, increasing up to 4 days following partial hepatectomy and subsiding at day 10. Bands matching MMP‐9 were absent prior to hepatectomy, but visible 2 h post‐hepatectomy. Thioacetamide‐induced liver fibrosis was associated with increased levels of MMP‐9 and MMP‐2, correlating with the severity of the disease. Elevated heparanase levels were noted in the early stages of fibrosis, with no further increase evident in rats exhibiting higher fibrotic grades. Taken together, these data suggest a role for heparanase during liver development and remodelling. Copyright © 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comprehensive study of polymer fiber surface modifications Part 2: low‐temperature oxygen‐plasma treatment
Authors: Yip Joanne , Chan Kwong , Sin Kwan Moon , Lau Kai Shui 
Published: April 2004

AbstractPolyamide fibers were treated with a low‐temperature oxygen plasma and the effects on the morphology, chemistry and crystallinity of the material were studied. Topographical results illustrate that changes in the surface morphology of the oxygen‐plasma‐treated polyamide correlate well with the discharge power and treatment time. The effects can be categorized into three groups: surface cleaning resulting in a smoother surface, surface etching with formation of ‘ripple‐like’ structures of sub‐micrometer size, and surface melting with down grading of the material. Chemical studies show that the surface oxygen content of the polyamide increases after oxygen‐plasma treatment. The latter induces the formation of many hydroxyl and carboxylic acid functional groups. These groups mainly replace the hydrocarbon or carbonyl groups in the polyamide. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results indicate that a short treatment time does not affect the degree of crystallinity of the polyamide material, while a long plasma‐treatment time slightly increases the crystallized fraction. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Chemorheological studies on a dicyanate resin modified with polyethersulfone
Authors: Hong Bong Taek , Roh Seung Sang , Kim Dae Su 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe chemorheology of a dicyanate resin modified with a polyethersulfone (PES) was investigated. The rheological and dielectrical property changes during curing of the dicyanate resin system catalyzed by an organic metal salt were monitored by a rheometer and dielectric analyzer, respectively, and used to investigate the curing behavior and chemorheology of the resin system. The curing rate of the dicyanate resin system decreased as the PES content was increased. A function that can describe the viscosity change of the dicyanate resin system during curing was determined by a nonlinear regression method using the rheometer data. The gelation time of the dicyanate resin system decreased with increasing isothermal curing temperature and with decreasing PES content. The curing behavior of the dicyanate resin system monitored by the dielectric analyzer coincided fairly well with that measured by the rheometer Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry