bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Odontocete detections are linked to oceanographic conditions in the Hawaiian Archipelago
Authors: Ziegenhorn Morgan A. , Hildebrand John A. , Oleson Erin M. , Baird Robin W. , Baumann-Pickering Simone 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUnderstanding environmental drivers of species’ behavior is key for successful conservation. Within cetacean research, studies focused on understanding such drivers often consider local conditions (e.g., sea surface temperature), but rarely include large-scale, long-term parameters such as climate indices. Here we make use of long-term passive acoustic monitoring data to examine relationships between eight classes of toothed whales and climate indices, specifically El Niño Southern Oscillation, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and North Pacific Gyre Oscillation, as well as local surface conditions (temperature, salinity, sea surface height) at two sites in the Hawaiian Archipelago. We find that El Niño Southern Oscillation most influenced cetacean detections at monitored sites. In many cases, detection patterns matched well with combinations of one or more climate indices and surface conditions. Our results highlight the importance of considering climate indices in efforts to understand relationships between marine top predators and environmental conditions.
The key determinants of individual greenhouse gas emissions in Germany are mostly domain-specific
Authors: Brandenstein Nils , Ackermann Kathrin , Aeschbach Nicole , Rummel Jan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIndividual behavior plays a pivotal role in mitigating climate change but our understanding of the multifaceted, determining factors of sustainable behavior remains incomplete. Here we conducted a comprehensive, cross-sectional survey of German households in 2021 (N = 10,813), assessing various potential determinants and measuring behavior in greenhouse gas emissions across various life domains (shelter, mobility, consumption, and diet). Machine learning models were employed to predict emissions from determining factors and benchmarked against commonly used linear models. Our findings indicate that machine learning models excel in capturing complex relationships between personal and situational factors, offering a more nuanced understanding of how determinants interplay and contribute to emissions. Notably, some factors like perceived behavioral control or habits consistently affected emissions, while others like infrastructural barriers and pro-environmental attitudes were domain-specific. These insights about key determinants of sustainable behavior are valuable for policymakers crafting effective climate change strategies at the individual level.
A systematic review on automated clinical depression diagnosis
Authors: Mao Kaining , Wu Yuqi , Chen Jie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAssessing mental health disorders and determining treatment can be difficult for a number of reasons, including access to healthcare providers. Assessments and treatments may not be continuous and can be limited by the unpredictable nature of psychiatric symptoms. Machine-learning models using data collected in a clinical setting can improve diagnosis and treatment. Studies have used speech, text, and facial expression analysis to identify depression. Still, more research is needed to address challenges such as the need for multimodality machine-learning models for clinical use. We conducted a review of studies from the past decade that utilized speech, text, and facial expression analysis to detect depression, as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline. We provide information on the number of participants, techniques used to assess clinical outcomes, speech-eliciting tasks, machine-learning algorithms, metrics, and other important discoveries for each study. A total of 544 studies were examined, 264 of which satisfied the inclusion criteria. A database has been created containing the query results and a summary of how different features are used to detect depression. While machine learning shows its potential to enhance mental health disorder evaluations, some obstacles must be overcome, especially the requirement for more transparent machine-learning models for clinical purposes. Considering the variety of datasets, feature extraction techniques, and metrics used in this field, guidelines have been provided to collect data and train machine-learning models to guarantee reproducibility and generalizability across different contexts.
Recognition of Speech With Dynamic Pitch Manipulation in Noise: Effects of Manipulation Methods
Authors: Shen Jing , Wu Jingwei 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:Dynamic pitch, which is defined as the variation in fundamental frequency in speech, is one of the acoustic cues that affect speech recognition in noise. Built on the evidence that a symmetrical manipulation of dynamic pitch led to poorer speech recognition, the present study examined the effect of an asymmetrical manipulation method on speech recognition in noise by younger and older adults.Method:Speech recognition accuracy in noise was measured from younger adults with normal hearing in Experiment 1, and speech reception threshold (in dB SNR) from older adults with normal hearing to mild–moderate hearing loss in Experiment 2. The dynamic pitch contours of the speech stimuli were manipulated using both symmetrical and asymmetrical methods.Results:Younger adults recognized speech better in noise with asymmetrical than symmetrical manipulation, and with weakened than strengthened dynamic pitch. A substantial amount of variability was observed in a group of older listeners. This variability was predominately predicted by the listeners' age but not hearing thresholds or their ability to perceive dynamic pitch in fluctuating noise.Conclusions:The asymmetrical manipulation of dynamic pitch had a less negative effect than the symmetrical manipulation. This effect also interacted with pitch-change direction. These findings suggest the influence of perceptual naturalness on speech recognition with signal modification. Directions for future research are also discussed.
Attributes That Increase Vulnerabilities to Reduced Human Milk Feeding Outcomes Among Babies With Cleft Lip and Palate in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Tahmasebifard Neda , Perry Jamie L. , O'Brien Kevin , Briley Patrick M. 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to identify infant and maternal factors associated with reduced human milk feeding among infants in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL ± P).

Method:

Data collected on mothers and infants admitted to the NICU with CL ± P from the 2018 National Vital Statistics System were used for this study. Chi-square tests of independence and independent-samples
t
tests were used to compare categorical variables and continuous variables, respectively, among two groups of infants admitted to the NICU with CL ± P—those who did and did not receive human milk feeding at discharge.

Results:
The sample included 660 infants admitted to the NICU with CL ± P, of which 353 received human milk at discharge. Significant differences were found between the two groups for marital status, mother's education, maternal smoking record, total number of prenatal visits, multiparity record, gestational age, birth weight, and use of assisted ventilation.

Conclusions:
Results indicated that, as a function of human milk feeding at discharge, mothers and their infants admitted to the NICU with CL ± P exhibited differences across infant and maternal factors. These findings further our understanding of this sample of mothers and infants with CL ± P while potentially identifying determinants to human milk feeding. This study provides insight into infant and maternal characteristics that may be associated with barriers to human milk feeding.
The Acquisition of Black Language by Spanish-Speaking Preschoolers: A Community-Based Sociolinguistic Approach to Language Assessment
Authors: Privette Chelsea , Fabiano Leah 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this case series was to demonstrate a community-based sociolinguistic approach to language sample analysis (LSA) for the evaluation of Spanish–English bilingual preschoolers acquiring Black language (BL). As part of a comprehensive bilingual speech-language evaluation, we examined sociolinguistic variables in the context of the children's English language samples. Specific emphasis is placed on sociolinguistic information to account for all language(s) and dialect(s) in each child's environment, BL feature patterns, and appropriate scoring procedures for characterizing language use.

Method:
This case series includes four monolingual English-speaking and four bilingual Spanish-English–speaking 4-year-olds in a linguistically diverse preschool program. Play samples were collected from each child and coded for morphosyntactic features across three categories: BL, Spanish-Influenced English, and shared. Measures derived from the language samples include percent grammatical utterances, mean length of utterance in words, and number of different words. The children's language is characterized within a community-based sociolinguistic approach that combines three culturally responsive methods for assessment found in the speech-language pathology literature in addition to a novel sociolinguistic questionnaire.

Results:
We explain how conducting LSA using a community-based sociolinguistic approach yields diagnostically relevant information that is pertinent to conducting a comprehensive and accurate evaluation of preschoolers in linguistically diverse settings without the use of standardized assessments.

Conclusion:
A community-based sociolinguistic approach to LSA is a useful procedure for mitigating misdiagnosis in preschoolers reared in linguistically diverse environments.
Künstliche Intelligenz in der kardialen Bildgebung
Authors: Engelhardt Sandy , Martin Simon , Rodríguez Bolanos Carlos Rodrigo , Pappas Laura , Koehler Sven , Nagel Eike 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungVerfahren der künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) haben in der kardialen Bildgebung große
Relevanz erlangt. In dieser Kurzübersicht werden die Anwendungsbereiche von KI in der
Echokardiografie, Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT) und Computertomografie (CT) beleuchtet. Die
Analyse des ventrikulären Volumens und dessen Funktion werden durch KI in der Echokardiografie
und in der MRT erweitert und verbessert. In der CT ermöglicht die KI die automatische
Quantifizierung der koronaren Kalklast, Risikoklassifizierung und Prognose des
Behandlungserfolgs. KI verringert die Kluft zwischen Experten und Anfängern, da sie
zuverlässige und reproduzierbare Analysen durchführt bei gesteigerter Effizienz. Neue Konzepte
wie das föderierte Lernen, das multizentrisches verteiltes Trainieren ermöglicht, sowie die
multimodale KI, die automatisiert Text- und Bildeingaben miteinander verknüpft, werden
voraussichtlich die nächsten größeren Meilensteine darstellen.
Künstliche Intelligenz in der kardiovaskulären Medizin – Status und Perspektiven
Authors: Radke Peter 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Menge medizinischen Wissens nimmt stetig zu. In noch größerem Ausmaß steigen jedoch
Verfügbarkeit und Komplexität von Gesundheitsdaten aus elektronischen Patientenakten,
Bildgebungsdaten oder genetischen Profilen bis hin zu Sensorikdaten einer Smartwatch. Eine
Kernaufgabe ärztlichen Handelns besteht in der Synthese und Analyse aller verfügbaren
Patientendaten. Diese übersteigen mittlerweile jedoch die Leistungsfähigkeit des menschlichen
Gehirns und erfordern daher innovative Ansätze in den Bereichen der Informatik und
Computerwissenschaften.„Künstliche Intelligenz“ (KI) kann über eine Kombination von Algorithmen, Daten und
Rechenleistung menschenähnliche kognitive Prozesse simulieren. Vor allem maschinelles Lernen
(ML) hat erhebliches Potenzial in der kardiovaskulären Medizin. Die Befundinterpretation von
EKG oder die Diagnose von Vorhofflimmern durch Smartwatches basieren beispielsweise auf dem
Einsatz von ML.Die weitere Entwicklung von künstlicher Intelligenz in der Medizin wird jedoch auch von
neuen ethischen, datenschutzrechtlichen oder regulatorischen Herausforderungen begleitet. Ein
transformativer Nutzen der künstlichen Intelligenz für die kardiovaskuläre Medizin wird jedoch
erst durch das Überwinden der Herausforderungen sein volles Potenzial entfalten können.
Cost-Effectiveness of Performing Reference Ultrasonography in Patients with Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: de Jong Cindy M. M. , van den Hout Wilbert B. , van Dijk Christel E. , Heim Noor , van Dam Lisette F. , Dronkers Charlotte E. A. , Gautam Gargi , Ghanima Waleed , Gleditsch Jostein , von Heijne Anders , Hofstee Herman M. A. , Hovens Marcel M. C. , Huisman Menno V. , Kolman Stan , Mairuhu Albert T. A. , van Mens Thijs E. , Nijkeuter Mathilde , van de Ree Marcel A. , van Rooden Cornelis J. , Westerbeek Robin E. , Westerink Jan , Westerlund Eli , Kroft Lucia J. M. , Klok Frederikus A. 
Published: November 2023

Background The diagnosis of recurrent ipsilateral deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with compression ultrasonography (CUS) may be hindered by residual intravascular obstruction after previous DVT. A reference CUS, an additional ultrasound performed at anticoagulant discontinuation, may improve the diagnostic work-up of suspected recurrent ipsilateral DVT by providing baseline images for future comparison.
Objectives To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of routinely performing reference CUS in DVT patients.
Methods Patient-level data (n = 96) from a prospective management study (Theia study; NCT02262052) and claims data were used in a decision analytic model to compare 12 scenarios for diagnostic management of suspected recurrent ipsilateral DVT. Estimated health care costs and mortality due to misdiagnosis, recurrent venous thromboembolism, and bleeding during the first year of follow-up after presentation with suspected recurrence were compared.
Results All six scenarios including reference CUS had higher estimated 1-year costs (€1,763–€1,913) than the six without reference CUS (€1,192–€1,474). Costs were higher because reference CUS results often remained unused, as 20% of patients (according to claims data) would return with suspected recurrent DVT. Estimated mortality was comparable in scenarios with (14.8–17.9 per 10,000 patients) and without reference CUS (14.0–18.5 per 10,000). None of the four potentially most desirable scenarios included reference CUS.
Conclusion One-year health care costs of diagnostic strategies for suspected recurrent ipsilateral DVT including reference CUS are higher compared to strategies without reference CUS, without mortality benefit. These results can inform policy-makers regarding use of health care resources during follow-up after DVT. From a cost-effectiveness perspective, the findings do not support the routine application of reference CUS.
Stereo- and Site-Selective Acylation in Carbohydrate Synthesis
Authors: Tang Weiping , Blaszczyk Stephanie A. , Li Xiaolei , Wen Peng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCarbohydrates are synthetically challenging molecules with vital biological roles in all living systems. To better understand the biological functions of this fundamentally important class of molecules, novel methodologies are needed, including site-selective functionalization and glycosylation reactions. This account describes our efforts toward the development of novel methodologies for site-selective functionalization of carbohydrates and stereoselective glycosylation through various acylation reactions.
Utility of Follicular Unit Excision Using Nonscalp Donor Hair
Authors: Gabel Steven 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNonscalp donor hair harvesting or body hair transplantation offers patients an additional source of donor hair in cases when the scalp does not have an adequate supply for the intended recipient area. The most common applications for nonscalp donor hair are for patients with advanced hair loss or to camouflage scarring from prior hair restoration procedures. For patients with available body hair, the beard is probably the best source followed by the chest and abdomen. Combined, these sources may be able to provide thousands of additional grafts for transplantation. Nonscalp hair donor harvesting is technically challenging and should be performed by those with extensive experience in follicular unit excision surgical techniques.
Impact of Direct Endoscopic Necrosectomy on Recurrence of Symptoms or Fluid Collections Following Successful Endoscopic Transmural Drainage of Walled-off Necrosis in Disconnected Pancreatic Duct
Authors: Rana Surinder Singh , Bush Nikhil , Sharma Ravi , Gupta Rajesh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background The impact of direct endoscopic necrosectomy (DEN) on risk of recurrence of symptoms or pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) in patients with disconnected pancreatic duct (DPD) has not been previously evaluated.
Objective To compare the risk of recurrence of PFC in patients with walled-off necrosis (WON) and DPD undergoing DEN with that of not requiring DEN and not having permanent indwelling plastic stents.
Methods Retrospective analysis of database of patients with WON successfully treated with transmural metal stents over the past 5 years was done to identify patients with DPD and not having permanent indwelling transmural stents. These patients were divided into two groups: Group A: patients undergoing DEN and Group B: patients not requiring DEN.
Results Seventeen patients required DEN (Group A; mean age 37.8 years) and 21 patients were successfully treated without DEN (Group B; mean age: 37.7 years). In Group A, none of the patients developed either recurrence of symptoms or PFC over a mean follow-up period of 7 months. In Group B, 5 of 21 (23.8%) patients developed either recurrence of pain (n = 2) or PFC (n = 3) over a mean follow-up period of 22 months. New-onset diabetes mellitus developed in five (29%) patients in Group A and two (9%) patients in Group B. None of the patients in either group developed steatorrhea.
Conclusion Patients with WON and DPD treated with lumen apposing metal stent and requiring DEN seem to be having low risk of developing recurrence of pain or PFC.
What We Know About Facial Volume Restoration with Autogenous Fat
Authors: Fedok Fred G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFacial rejuvenation involves a careful analysis of a patient's anatomic changes that are secondary to aging and then the application of several methods, tools, and technologies to reverse those changes. A central component of facial aging is the changes seen in facial soft tissue volume that occurs with atrophy and malpositioning of normal facial volume through several underlying aging processes. Although many surgical and nonsurgical interventions are available to remedy many of the sequela of aging, the restoration of volume is one of the most important goals that has to be engaged. Over the years, autogenous fat has emerged as one of the safer and reliable methods to restore the diminished volume of the aging face. The purpose of this manuscript is to relate some of the history, clinical practices, research, and current literature supporting the use of autologous fat in facial rejuvenation.
Multi-objective ant lion optimization for parameter optimization of wireless power transfer systems
Authors: Wen Chunming , Li Jianheng , Hou Bingxu , Liao Yikui , Fan Yaqiong , Guo Huanyu , Wu Jiarong , Zhao Xiaohui , Liang Yuanxiong , Liang Kairong 
Published: November 2023

The effective transmission distance of a magnetic coupling resonance (MCR) wireless power transfer (WPT) system is an essential index of wireless power transfer. Existing systems often suffer from short transmission distances, low power, and low efficiency. In this paper, a method is proposed for improving the parameters of wireless power transfer systems to enhance the performance of the systems. The main parameters affecting the output power and transmission efficiency are determined by analyzing the MCR WPT system with SS-type topology. In addition, the multi-objective ant lion optimizer is combined with tent chaotic mapping to generate the location information of the initial population by using the distribution and randomness of tent chaotic mapping, which increases the diversity of the people and improves the convergence speed and global search capability of the algorithm to achieve multi-objective parameter optimization, and the optimized model is also analyzed. Experiments show that the optimized MCR WPT system has improved output power and transmission efficiency at a longer distance. The optimal transmission distance of the system is about 0.2 m with a maximum output power of 129.3 W, and the axial offset stability of the system is enhanced. Finally, the effectiveness of the improved model is verified by building a prototype system. It provides a valuable reference for the research of improving wireless power transfer.
A cross-sectional study exploring equity of access to telehealth in culturally and linguistically diverse communities in a major health service
Authors: Gallegos-Rejas Victor M. , Kelly Jaimon T. , Lucas Karen , Snoswell Centaine L. , Haydon Helen M. , Pager Sue , Smith Anthony C. , Thomas Emma E. 
Published: November 2023

Objectives The utilisation of telehealth among culturally and linguistically diverse communities in Australia remains unexplored. We aimed to describe telehealth (telephone and videoconference) utilisation within a major health service and identify sociodemographic factors that may contribute to limited telehealth access. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed using service activity data from four metropolitan hospitals in Queensland, Australia. Outpatient department data (January to December 2021) were examined. These data included patients (N = 153 427) of all ages who had an outpatient appointment within 10 speciality services (i.e. Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Immunology and Psychology) that were the most frequent videoconference users. This study measured telehealth utilisation across the four tertiary hospitals and its association with sociodemographic factors. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used. Multivariate regression models were adjusted by sex, socioeconomic level and language use. Results Overall, 39% of appointments were delivered through telehealth, with 65% of all reported telehealth services involving a telephone consultation. People who required interpreter services were 66% less likely to use telehealth services (OR adjusted 0.33, 95% CI 0.31–0.36, P < 0.05) than English-speaking people. Among those using telehealth, people requiring interpreter services were 13% less likely to use videoconference than phone (OR adjusted 0.87, 95% CI 0.77–0.98, P < 0.005). Conclusion There is a gap in Australian telehealth service use for people with culturally diverse backgrounds and limited English proficiency. This study highlights a critical need to determine how people from culturally diverse backgrounds would like to engage with digital care options such as telehealth and the necessary support to enable this.