bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and prevalence of hypertension among HIV-TB co-infected participants accessing treatment: A five-year prospective cohort analysis
Authors: Dawood Halima , Yende-Zuma Nonhlanhla , Singh Upasna , Moodley Mikaila C. , Ramruthan Jenine , Naidoo Kogieleum 
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). This study determined incidence and prevalence of hypertension among PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Method
We prospectively followed-up 642 HIV and tuberculosis (TB) co-infected study participants from 2005–2013. We defined hypertension as two consecutive elevated systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure measurements above 139/89 mmHg or current use of antihypertensive therapy.

Results
Of 507 participants analyzed, 53% were women. Median [interquartile range (IQR)] age, body mass index (BMI), and CD4 count was 34 (28.0–40.0) years, 22.7 (20.5–25.4) kg/m2, and 145 (69.0–252.0) cells/mm3, respectively. Incidence [95% confidence interval (CI)] of both systolic and diastolic hypertension overall, in men, and in women over 40 years was 1.9 (1.4–2.6), 5.9 (3.6–9.6), and 5.0 (2.7–9.3) per 100 person-years (PY), respectively. Risk of developing hypertension was higher in men [(adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 12.04, 95% CI: 4.35–33.32)] and women over 40 years (aHR 8.19, 95% CI 2.96–22.64), and in men below 40 years (aHR 2.79, 95% CI 0.95–8.23).

Conclusion
Higher incidence rates of hypertension among older men and women accessing ART highlight opportunities to expand current integrated HIV-TB care models, to include cardiovascular disease risk screening and care to prevent premature death.
Intimate partner violence and excess fertility among women of reproductive age in Malawi
Authors: Dadabhai Sufia , Quaynor Laura , Bandala-Jacques Antonio , Seyama Linly , Rahman Md Hafizur , Phiri Richard , Decker Michele R. , Taha Taha E. 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
Gender inequity and adverse health outcomes continue to be of concern among women in sub-Saharan Africa. We determined prevalence of intimate partner violence and excess fertility (having more children than desired) in reproductive age women in Malawi. We also explored factors associated with these outcomes and with spousal fertility intentions.

Patients and methods
In a cross-sectional study, a total of 360 women and 410 men were recruited using multi-stage sampling from communities in a peri-urban setting in Blantyre District, Southern Malawi in 2021. Women and men were separately interviewed by trained study workers using a structured questionnaire. In addition to descriptive analyses, we used univariate and multivariate logistic regression models to assess associations of risk factors with the outcomes of intimate partner violence and excess fertility.

Results
Among women, lifetime prevalence of intimate partner violence was 23.1%, and excess fertility was experienced by 25.6%. Intimate partner violence was associated with male partners alcohol consumption (adjusted odds ratio 2.13; P = 0.019). Women were more likely to report excess fertility if they were older (adjusted odds ratio 2.0, P<0.001, for a 5-year increase). Alcohol consumption by the male partner (adjusted odds ratio 2.14; P = 0.025) and women being able to refuse sex with their male partner (adjusted odds ratio 0.50; P = 0.036) were associated with discordant fertility preferences.

Conclusions
Intimate partner violence, excess fertility, and social and health inequities continue to be prevalent in Malawi. These data suggest the underlying proximal and distal factors associated with these adverse outcomes such as alcohol consumption may be addressed through education, couple interactive communication, and community dialogue. To ensure sustainability and effectiveness, strong leadership involvement, both governmental and non-governmental, is needed.
Kronika
Authors: CPH 53(1)  
Published: January 2024

Ogólnopolski Zjazd Katedr, Historycznoprawnych w Ustroniu, 17-20 IX 2000 r. (Róża Dembska - Ewaryst Kowalczyk… 397
Jubileusz Profesora Ludwika Łysiaka (Zdzisław Zarżycki) … 400
Wysokie wyróżnienie dla Profesora Wiesława Litewskiego (Janusz Sondel) … 406
X Convegno Internazionale di Diritto Romano w Copanello, 3-10 VI 2000 r. (Witold Wołodkiewicz) …406
Konferencja międzynarodowa: Rzymskie korzenie prawa w Europie (Ewa Dziuban) ... 411
Kolokwium habilitacyjne dra Tomasza Kruszewskiego (Leonard Górnicki) … 411
Nowe czasopismo: „Prawo - Administracja - Kościół” (Henryk Olszewski) … 412
Z życia Towarzystwa Biblioteki Słuchaczów Prawa (Róża Dembska) …414
Posiedzenie Komitetu Redakcyjnego „Czasopisma Prawno-Historycznego” … 415
A comprehensive review on PFAS including survey results from the EFLM Member Societies
Authors: Ozben Tomris , Fragão-Marques Mariana , Tomasi Aldo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a large class of synthetic chemicals widely used for their unique properties. Without PFAS, many medical device and in vitro diagnostic technologies would not be able to perform their intended purposes. Potential health risks associated with exposure to PFAS influence their use in IVD applications. This paper aims to assess the current situation concerning PFAS, including regulations and legislations for their use. It is important to know what happens to (PFAS) at the end of their lives in medical laboratories.

Methods
A survey was conducted in March 2023 to collect information on the potential emission and end-of-life of PFAS-containing medical technologies in the medical laboratories of the EFLM member societies. A series of questions were presented to the EFLM national societies and the results were documented.

Results
Eight respondents participated in the survey, representing EFLM member societies in seven different countries including hospital laboratories, university laboratories, and private laboratories.

Conclusions
PFAS uses in MD and IVD are influenced by several factors, including evolving regulations, advances in technology, safety and efficacy of these substances. Advancements in analytical techniques may lead to more sensitive and precise methods for detecting and quantifying PFAS in biological samples, which can be essential for IVD applications related to biomarker analysis and disease diagnosis. Collaboration among regulatory agencies, industry, research institutions, hospitals, and laboratories on a global scale can aid in establishing harmonized guidelines and standards for the use of PFAS, ensuring consistency and safety within their applications.
A field test of compact active transponders for InSAR geodesy
Authors: Meister A. , Balasis-Levinsen J. , Keller K. , Pedersen M. R. V. , Merryman Boncori J. P. , Jensen M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Compact active transponders (CATs) – also termed electronic corner reflectors – are compact electronic devices designed to receive, actively amplify and re-transmit a radar signal, e.g. a C-band radar signal received from a Sentinel-1 satellite. CATs can potentially be useful for a number of purposes, e.g. if co-located with geodetic infrastructure. However, CATs have only recently become commercially available, and therefore, the usability and long-term performance of CATs are not well known. In this study, two CATs are tested under realistic operating conditions for a period of 14 months, from July 2020 to September 2021. The displacement time series of the CATs are determined from a persistent scatterers interferometric synthetic aperture radar processing of four tracks of Sentinel-1A/-1B data with a passive corner reflector (CR) as the spatial reference. The displacement time series of the CATs are evaluated against a ground truth established from repeated levellings between the CR and the CATs. Based on the results of this study, it is found that a sudden vertical displacement of a CAT can be determined with an accuracy better than 1 cm, possibly a few millimetres. Furthermore, it is found that the mean vertical velocity of a CAT, calculated from 14 months of interferometric synthetic aperture radar displacement time series, can be determined with an accuracy of a few mm/year. Finally, the line of sight (LoS) phase error is generally found to be moderately correlated with temperature, with an instrument-specific linear relationship between LoS error and temperature ranging between approx. 0.1 and 0.2 mm/°C. This correlation between LoS phase error and temperature can in principle be used for instrument-specific calibrations, which is a topic that should be addressed in future studies.
Positive discourse analysis of Aotearoa New Zealand Foreign Minister’s speeches: an ecolinguistic perspective
Authors: Buonvivere Lorenzo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
As opposed to Western ideologies that promote unrestrained consumption of environmental resources, Indigenous or Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) encourages a more beneficial relationship with nature. In order to address underrepresented subjects and contexts, this article investigates the integration of TEK within political discourse by examining a corpus of speeches given by Aotearoa New Zealand former Minister of Foreign Affairs, Nanaia Mahuta, between 2020 and 2022. The study refers to the frameworks of ecolinguistics and Positive Discourse Analysis (PDA) to understand how Māori culture shapes Mahuta’s linguistic choices. Particularly, it focusses the attention on lexical and figurative items, drawing on the concepts of metaphor, framing, and intertextuality. Results show a considerable concern over the state of the environment in Mahuta’s speeches. Furthermore, they reveal the presence of an adaptation framing inspired by Indigenous thinking that acknowledges nature’s agency and complexity. The latter is used to conceptualise current environmental challenges and international cooperation directed at tackling them. Mahuta’s language ultimately supports the idea of interconnectedness within nature and offers as an instance of positive discourse in institutional settings.
An artificial neural network-based numerical estimation of the boiling pressure drop of different refrigerants flowing in smooth and micro-fin tubes
Authors: Çolak Andaç Batur , Bacak Aykut , Kayaci Nurullah , Dalkilic Ahmet Selim 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In thermal engineering implementations, heat exchangers need to have improved thermal capabilities and be smaller to save energy. Surface adjustments on tube heat exchanger walls may improve heat transfer using new manufacturing technologies. Since quantifying enhanced tube features is quite difficult due to the intricacy of fluid flow and heat transfer processes, numerical methods are preferred to create efficient heat exchangers. Recently, machine learning algorithms have been able to analyze flow and heat transfer in improved tubes. Machine learning methods may increase heat exchanger efficiency estimates using data. In this study, the boiling pressure drop of different refrigerants in smooth and micro-fin tubes is predicted using an artificial neural network-based machine learning approach. Two different numerical models are built based on the operating conditions, geometric specifications, and dimensionless numbers employed in the two-phase flows. A dataset including 812 data points representing the flow of R12, R125, R134a, R22, R32, R32/R134a, R407c, and R410a through smooth and micro-fin pipes is used to evaluate feed-forward and backward propagation multi-layer perceptron networks. The findings demonstrate that the neural networks have an average error margin of 10 percent when predicting the pressure drop of the refrigerant flow in both smooth and micro-fin tubes. The calculated R-values for the artificial neural network’s supplementary performance factors are found above 0.99 for all models. According to the results, margins of deviations of 0.3 percent and 0.05 percent are obtained for the tested tubes in Model 1, while deviations of 0.79 percent and 0.32 percent are found for them in Model 2.
Highly safe lithium vanadium oxide anode for fast-charging dendrite-free lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Hao , Lin Wenhui , Kang Le , Zhang Yi , Zhou Yunlei , Jiang Shan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Fast-charging technology is the inevitable trend for electric vehicles (EVs). Current EVs’ lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) cannot provide ultrafast power input due to the capacity fading and safety hazards of graphite anode at high rates. Lithium vanadate oxide (Li3VO4) has been widely studied as fast-charging anode material due to its high capacity and stability at high rates. However, its highly safe characteristic under fast-charging has not been studied. In this study, a fast-charging anode material is synthesized by inserting Li3VO4 in Ti3C2Tx MXene framework. The morphologies of Li3VO4/Ti3C2Tx electrode after cycling at different rates were studied to analyze the dendrites growth. Electrochemical testing results demonstrate that Li3VO4/Ti3C2Tx composite displays high capacities of 151.6 mA h g−1 at 5 C and 87.8 mA h g−1 at 10 C, which are much higher than that of commercial graphite anode (51.9 mA h g−1 at 5 C and 17.0 mA h g−1 at 10 C). Moreover, Li3VO4/Ti3C2Tx electrode does not generate Li dendrite at high rates (5 and 10 C) while commercial graphite electrode grows many Li dendrites under the same conditions, demonstrating fast-charging and high safety of Li3VO4/Ti3C2Tx composite. Our work inspires promising fast-charging anode material design for LIBs.
Mononuclear nanofluids undergoing convective heating across a stretching sheet and undergoing MHD flow in three dimensions: Potential industrial applications
Authors: Noor Saima , Alshehry Azzh Saad 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The main goal of this study is to analyze the nanofluid boundary layer as it flows over a bidirectional, exponentially extending sheet in both convective and magnetic field environments. The mathematical model considers the results of Brownian motion and particle movement caused by a temperature gradient. Using appropriate similarity transformations, governing partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential systems, and the design of equations is then solved using the Haar wavelet collocation approach. The findings identify unique trends in the distribution of temperature and show relationships with particular sets of parametric values. These results emphasize how important it is to note temperature fluctuations associated with specific parametric settings. The findings are validated by contrasting the results with similar cases from earlier studies in the literature. The findings indicate that temperature distribution is reduced by increasing the Prandtl number. Additionally, the local Biot number has qualitatively similar effects on temperature and concentration profiles. For higher local Biot numbers, the profiles of concentration and temperature are better.
Tense mismatches in Korean gapping and bare ko-coordination: an experimental study
Authors: Kim Jeong-Seok , Jung Duk-Ho , Lee Jee Young , Yoon Su-Hyuk 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Korean coordination allows non-final conjuncts to appear either without a tensed verb as in gapping (aka right-node-raising or right-peripheral ellipsis) or without a verbal tense morpheme as in bare ko-coordination. This study uses an acceptability judgment experiment designed to investigate whether tense mismatches degrade the acceptability of Korean gapping and bare ko-coordination with reference to full coordination. The experimental findings of the study indicate that tense-matched gapping is preferred over tense-mismatched gapping and that tense-matched bare ko-coordination is preferred over tense-mismatched bare ko-coordination. The results of the study also demonstrate that temporal order, whether it is sequential or reverse, does not affect the acceptability of Korean gapping and bare ko-coordination because tense-mismatched violations are symmetric so that they cause to affect all conjuncts. Overall, this study discusses how the phenomena of tense-mismatches are accounted for in full coordination, bare ko-coordination, and gapping. The tense-mismatches in these constructions are due to differences in conjunct size. The conjunct size is TP in full coordination (with two overt Ts) and bare-ko coordination (with a null T in the first conjunct and an overt T in the second conjunct), while it is vP in gapping (with an overt T in the second conjunct).
A cast ornament with depiction of Alexander the Great from East Denmark
Authors: Oldenburger Freerk 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The paper aims at presenting and discussing a recently discovered copper-alloy applique with a rare depiction of Alexander the Great. The ornament was found near the city of Ringsted in Central Zealand, Denmark. It is compared to a silver shield mount with identical Alexander-motif from Illerup Ådal, Jutland (DK), and to a copper-alloy applique with possible Alexander III depiction from Nytofte, Zealand (DK). Furthermore, the origin of the ornament and its production and function are also briefly discussed.
Context and time regulate fear memory consolidation and reconsolidation in the basolateral amygdala complex
Authors: Leake Jessica , Cardona Luisa Saavedra , Mencevski Filip , Westbrook R. Frederick , Holmes Nathan M. 
Published: January 2024

It is widely accepted that fear memories are consolidated through protein synthesis-dependent changes in the basolateral amygdala complex (BLA). However, recent studies show that protein synthesis isnotrequired to consolidate the memory of a new dangerous experience when it is similar to a prior experience. Here, we examined whether the protein synthesis requirement for consolidating the new experience varies with its spatial and temporal distance from the prior experience. Female and male rats were conditioned to fear a stimulus (S1, e.g., light) paired with shock in stage 1; and a second stimulus (S2, e.g., tone) that preceded additional S1-shock pairings (S2-S1-shock) in stage 2. The latter stage was followed by a BLA infusion of a protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, or vehicle. Subsequent testing with S2 revealed that protein synthesis in the BLA: wasnotrequired to consolidate fear to S2 when the two training stages occurred 48-hours apart in the same context;wasrequired when they were separated by a 14-day delay or occurred in different contexts; but was againnotrequired if S1 was re-presented after the delay or in the different context. Similarly, protein synthesis in the BLA wasnotrequired toreconsolidate fear to S2 when the training stages occurred 48-hours apart, butwasrequired when they occurred 14-days apart. Thus, the protein synthesis requirement for consolidating/reconsolidating fear memories in the BLA is determined by the similarity between present and past experiences, the time and place in which they occur, and reminders of the past experiences.Significance StatementProtein synthesis in the basolateral amygdala complex (BLA) isnotrequired to consolidate the memory of a new dangerous experience when it is similar to a prior experience. This study is significant in showing that: (1) when the new experience occurs after a delay or in a different context, the protein synthesis requirement is reinstated; (2) the effects of the delay and context shift are reversed by reminding animals of their prior experience; and (3) the delay affects reconsolidation of a new experience in the same way that it affects the initial consolidation. Thus, the neural mechanisms underlying memory are regulated by similarity/dissimilarity between present and past experiences, the time/place in which those experiences occur, and reminders of past experience.
Benefits to Clinicians of Nonpharmacological Distraction During Pediatric Medical Procedure
Authors: Utsumi Shu , Maiko Suto , Moriwaki Taro , Miyake Hiromu , Yuhei Shimada , Kubota Shoko , Uematsu Satoko , Takehara Kenji , Kubota Mitsuru 
Published: January 2024

CONTEXT
Nonpharmacologic distraction (NPD) during medical procedures in children is known to be beneficial to patients; however, no reviews have assessed their benefits to medical providers.

OBJECTIVES
We aimed to assess the benefits of NPD to medical providers.

DATA SOURCES
We searched 5 databases for relevant articles.

STUDY SELECTION
Peer-reviewed published randomized controlled trials comparing NPD with standard care that included children who had undergone medical procedures were included.

DATA EXTRACTION
Primary outcomes were procedure time, number of medical staff involved, and initial success rate of venipuncture. Two reviewers assessed the risk of bias by using the Cochrane Collaboration (Oxford, United Kingdom)’s Randomized Controlled Trials Risk of Bias Tool, and we performed a meta-analysis to assess efficacy.

RESULTS
We included 22 trials with 1968 participants. The main NPD was audiovisual distraction, such as tablets. No significant difference was found in venipuncture procedure time (mean difference: −9.79; 95% confidence interval: −22.38 to 2.81; low certainty). We found no studies on the number of medical staff.

CONCLUSIONS
Our review did not find any clear NPD-associated benefit for the medical provider. The review included a small amount of literature, analyzed a small number of cases, and had a low certainty of evidence regarding procedure duration; therefore, further studies are needed to conclude the benefits to clinicians of NPD.
The Jewish Cemetery as Jewish and Non-Jewish Local Cultural Heritage in a Rural Hungarian Settlement
Authors: Tóth Katalin Balogné 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe starting point for the present study is the thematization of the concept of “Jewish cultural heritage” and, in this context, the outlining of the role and position of cemeteries in Jewish tradition. The case study focuses on the Hungarian village of Apc, which was home to a Jewish community of just over a hundred people before World War II. After the Holocaust, only a few survivors returned to the settlement; some of them emigrated, while others remained in Apc for the rest of their lives. In recent decades, what has become of the cemetery, one of the most important sites for the former Jewish community of Apc? This paper explores the process of the heritagization of the local Jewish cemetery, one of the activities carried out by the Together for Apc Association, a civil society initiative launched two decades ago. In 2003, the dilapidated and abandoned “Israelite cemetery” was the first of the settlement's deteriorating assets to be declared as local cultural heritage. With the involvement of various actors from the local community (volunteers and local entrepreneurs), and in contact with Jewish organizations (the Federation of Hungarian Jewish Communities, the Foundation for Hungarian Jewish Cemeteries), the cemetery was restored over a period of two years and was “inaugurated” in 2006 in the presence of a rabbi, a cantor, a Jewish secular leader, Holocaust survivors and members of the local society. In the fifteen years since then, care has been taken to ensure that the achievements are sustainable and maintained, and the cemetery has been kept open not only for the descendants of the Jewish community but for all interested parties. But the salvaging of the Apc Jewish cemetery is not only an example of the preservation of the built heritage of a single community: while for the village residents it forms part of their local identity, for the Jewish organizations it represents part of their Jewish identity. What happens when two communities stake a claim to the heritagization of the same site? As a shared goal, or “cause,” the “bipolar” process of the heritagization of the Jewish cemetery in Apc has provided an opportunity for dialogue, collective thinking, and problem solving between Jewish and non-Jewish society, even if the various heritagization goals, coming from different directions, have in many cases generated tensions.