bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
West Indies
Authors: Creighton Al 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ever since Caribbean literary criticism first established itself, in the 1960s and 1970s, language has been identified as the major issue in the region’s literature, so that, even thirty years later, linguistic choices and appropriations, and syntactical variations, remain central to discussions of both form and content in Caribbean writing. A recent critical work on poetry, for example, ends with the statement: Language is where this business begin for the poets of the West Indies. Language both rooted in the land and rising into song. Language that is their own as poets and as West Indians; so that when they write, each phrase go be soaked in salt; and when we read their poetry, its language go be the wind.
Radiation exposure in interventional cardiology: extremities doses
Authors: El Hassane Cyrine , Ali Abdelhai Ben , Bendaoud Nabil , Boushaki Ghania Medkour Ishak 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
X-rays are widely used in interventional cardiology (IC). Medical staff is exposed to ionising radiations with difficulties to accurately estimate the absorbed dose, on the other hand, it is well known that eye lens and extremities are the most exposed. In most IC units, radiological monitoring is performed by measuring the personal dose equivalent with a dosemeter worn under the operator’s apron. The ambient dose equivalent is, usually, also measured. Furthermore, doses to the lens and extremities are often not measured because of the absence or difficulty of wearing the appropriate dosemeters. The main aim of our study is to estimate the extremities doses, of the interventional cardiologists, from the personal dose equivalent, the patient’s received doses or to the ambient dose equivalent. For this purpose, we use a radiological monitoring, of four (04) interventional cardiologists, carried out at Algiers hospital. A Monte Carlo calculation is performed for comparison. This paper reports the preliminary results of this study.
High radon levels and adverse environmental conditions in using RAD7
Authors: Lopez Arturo , Balcazar Miguel , Sánchez David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Good response was observed in simultaneously using six RAD7 detectors at high radon concentrations, temperatures and relative humidity conditions. RAD7 detectors were tested in laboratory using radon chambers from 13 up to 59.8 kBq m−3, statistical analysis allows to distinct between counting errors and radon variation. RAD7 detectors were exposure to extreme environmental conditions at uranium flat mine. High radon concentration in soil from a confined uranium mineral was 274.3 kBq m−3 at 44°C temperature and 20% relative humidity. Inside uranium mine radon increased from 1.0 up to 88.5 kBq m−3.
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Technology Landscape in 2023
Authors: Qu Hui-Qi , Kao Charlly , Hakonarson Hakon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revolutionized our understanding of cellular heterogeneity and the dynamics of gene expression, bearing profound significance in stem cell research. Depending on the starting materials used for analysis, scRNA-seq encompasses scRNA-seq and single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq). scRNA-seq excels in capturing cellular heterogeneity and characterizing rare cell populations within complex tissues, while snRNA-seq is advantageous in situations where intact cell dissociation is challenging or undesirable (eg, epigenomic studies). A number of scRNA-seq technologies have been developed as of late, including but not limited to droplet-based, plate-based, hydrogel-based, and spatial transcriptomics. The number of cells, sequencing depth, and sequencing length in scRNA-seq can vary across different studies. Addressing current technical challenges will drive the future of scRNA-seq, leading to more comprehensive and precise insights into cellular biology and disease mechanisms informing therapeutic interventions.
N‐MYC‐interacting protein enhances type II interferon signaling by inhibiting STAT1 sumoylation
Authors: Feng Linyuan , Li Wanwei , Li Xiaowen , Li Xiaotian , Ran Yanhong , Yang Xiaoping , Deng Zemin , Li Hongjian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSignaling desensitization is key to limiting signal transduction duration and intensity. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) can mediate type II interferon (IFNγ)‐induced immune responses, which are enhanced and inhibited by STAT1 phosphorylation and sumoylation, respectively. Here, we identified an N‐MYC interacting protein, NMI, which can enhance STAT1 phosphorylation and STAT1‐mediated IFNγ immune responses by binding and sequestering the E2 SUMO conjugation enzyme, UBC9, and blocking STAT1 sumoylation. NMI facilitates UBC9 nucleus‐to‐cytoplasm translocation in response to IFNγ, thereby inhibiting STAT1 sumoylation. STAT1 phosphorylation at Y701 and sumoylation at K703 are mutually exclusive modifications that regulate IFNγ‐dependent transcriptional responses. NMI could not alter the phosphorylation level of sumoylation‐deficient STAT1 after IFNγ treatment. Thus, IFNγ signaling is modulated by NMI through sequestration of UBC9 in the cytoplasm, leading to inhibition of STAT1 sumoylation. Hence, NMI functions as a switch for STAT1 activation/inactivation cycles by modulating an IFNγ‐induced desensitization mechanism.
Predictive value and potential association of PET/CT radiomics on lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer
Authors: Yang Shimin , Zhang Wenrui , Liu Chunli , Li Chunbo , Hua Keqin 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
Due to the information-rich nature of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) images, the authors hope to explore radiomics features that could distinguish metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) from hypermetabolic benign LNs, in addition to conventional indicators.

Methods:
PET/CT images of 106 patients with early-stage cervical cancer from 2019 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The tumor lesions and LN regions of PET/CT images were outlined with SeeIt, and then radiomics features were extracted. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used to select features. The final selected radiomics features of LNs were used as predictors to construct a machine learning model to predict LN metastasis.

Results:
The authors determined two morphological coefficient characteristics of cervical lesions (shape – major axis length and shape – mesh volume), one first order characteristics of LNs (first order – 10 percentile) and two gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) characteristics of LNs (GLCM – id and GLCM – inverse variance) were closely related to LN metastasis. Finally, a neural network was constructed based on the radiomic features of the LNs. The area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic (AUC-ROC) of the model was 0.983 in the training set and 0.860 in the test set.

Conclusion:
The authors constructed and demonstrated a neural network based on radiomics features of PET/CT to evaluate the risk of single LN metastasis in early-stage cervical cancer.
Solitary Neuroblastoma in the Scapula
Authors: Amiruddin Raisa , Zhuang Hongming 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Majority of primary pediatric neuroblastomas occur in the abdomen, followed by posterior mediastinum. A 7-year-old girl presented worsening pain in the left shoulder, and a CT image of the chest revealed osseous destruction in the left scapula, suggestive of bone tumor. A biopsy was performed. Pathological result was consistent with neuroblastoma. A 123I scan with SPECT/CT images was performed, which showed only increased activity in the left scapula without any other foci of abnormal activity elsewhere.
LeFort III Versus Monobloc Frontofacial Advancement: A Comparative Analysis of Soft Tissue Changes
Authors: Wagner Connor S. , Cho Daniel Y. , Villavisanis Dillan F. , Kumar Satvika , Salinero Lauren K. , Barrero Carlos E. , Swanson Jordan W. , Bartlett Scott P. , Taylor Jesse A. 
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
The LeFort III and monobloc are commonly used midface advancement procedures for patients with syndromic craniosynostosis with well characterized postoperative skeletal changes. However, the differential effects of these procedures on facial soft tissues are less understood. The purpose of this study was to critically analyze and compare the effects of these 2 procedures on the overlying soft tissues of the face.

Methods:
Frontal and lateral preoperative and postoperative photographs of patients undergoing monobloc or LeFort III were retrospectively analyzed using ImageJ to measure soft tissue landmarks. Measurements included height of facial thirds, nasal length and width, intercanthal distance, and palpebral fissure height and width. Facial convexity was quantified by calculating the angle between sellion (radix), subnasale, and pogonion on lateral photographs.

Results:
Twenty-five patients with an average age of 6.7 years (range 4.8-14.5) undergoing monobloc (n=12) and LeFort III (n=13) were identified retrospectively and analyzed preoperatively and 6.4±3.6 months postoperatively. Patients undergoing LeFort III had a greater average postoperative increase in facial convexity angle acuity (28.2°) than patients undergoing monobloc (17.8°, P=0.021). Patients in both groups experience postoperative increases in nasal width (P<0.001) and decreases in palpebral fissure height (P<0.001).

Conclusions:
Both subcranial LeFort III advancements and monobloc frontofacial advancements resulted in significant changes in the soft tissues. Patients undergoing LeFort III procedures achieved greater acuity of the facial convexity angle, likely because the nasion is not advanced with the LeFort III segment.
Modeling the Effects of Formulary Exclusions: How Many Patients Could Be Affected by a Specific Exclusion?
Authors: Sydor Anne M. , Bergin Emily , Kay Jonathan , Stone Erik , Popovian Robert 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundDrug formularies, initially designed to promote the use of cost-effective generic drugs are now designed to maximize financial benefits for the pharmacy benefit management companies that negotiate drug purchase prices. In the largest publicly available formulary, 55% of mandated substitutions are not for generic versions of the same active ingredient and/or formulation and may not be medically or financially beneficial to patients.MethodsWe modeled the effect of excluding novel agents for atrial fibrillation/venous thromboembolism, migraine prevention, and psoriasis, which all would require substitution with a different active ingredient. Using population data, market share of the two largest U.S. formularies, and 2021 prescription data, we calculated how many people could be affected by such exclusions. Using data from the published literature, we calculated how many of those individuals are likely to discontinue treatment and/or have adverse events due to a formulary exclusion.ResultsThe number of people likely to have adverse events due to the exclusion could be as high as one million for atrial fibrillation/venous thromboembolism, 900,000 for migraine prevention, and 500,000 for psoriasis. The numbers likely to discontinue treatment for their condition are as high as 924,000 for atrial fibrillation/venous thromboembolism, 646,000 for migraine, and 138,000 for psoriasis.ConclusionSubstitution with a nonequivalent treatment is common in formularies currently in use and is not without substantial consequences for hundreds of thousands of patients. Forced drug substitution results in costly increases in morbidity and mortality and should be part of the cost-benefit analysis of any formulary exclusion.
Interpretable Video-Based Tracking and Quantification of Parkinsonism Clinical Motor States
Authors: Deng Daniel , Ostrem Jill L. , Nguyen Vy , Cummins Daniel D. , Sun Julia , Pathak Anupam , Little Simon , Abbasi-Asl Reza 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe ability to quantify motor symptom progression in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients is crucial for assessing disease progression and for optimizing therapeutic interventions, such as dopaminergic medications and deep brain stimulation. Cumulative and heuristic clinical experience has identified various clinical signs associated with PD severity but these are neither objectively quantifiable or robustly validated. Video-based objective symptom quantification enabled by machine learning (ML) introduces a potential solution. However, video-based diagnostic tools often have implementation challenges due to expensive and inaccessible technology, often requiring multi-camera setups, pristine video collection protocols, or additional sensors that are impractical for conventional use. Additionally, typical “black-box” ML implementations are not tailored to be clinically interpretable, either due to complex and unintuitive algorithms or a lack of analysis on feature stability and optimality. Here, we address these needs by releasing a comprehensive kinematic dataset and developing a novel interpretable video-based framework that accurately predicts high versus low PD motor symptom severity according to MDS- UPDRS Part III metrics. This data driven approach validated and robustly quantified canonical movement features and identified new clinical insights, not previously appreciated as related to clinical severity. Our framework is enabled by retrospective, single-view, seconds-long videos recorded on consumer-grade devices such as smartphones, tablets, and digital cameras, thereby eliminating the requirement for specialized equipment. Following interpretable ML principles, our framework enforces robustness and interpretability by integrating (1) automatic, data-driven kinematic metric evaluation guided by pre-defined digital features of movement, (2) combination of bi-domain (body and hand) kinematic features, and (3) sparsity-inducing and stability-driven ML analysis with simple-to-interpret models. These elements in our design ensure that the proposed framework quantifies clinically meaningful motor features useful for both ML predictions and clinical analysis.
Comparative sensitivity of Early Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease detection tools in school aged children
Authors: Bayfield Katie J , Weinheimer Oliver , Middleton Anna , Boyton Christie , Fitzpatrick Rachel , Kennedy Brendan , Blaxland Anneliese , Jayasuriya Geshani , Caplain Neil , Wielpütz Mark O , Yu Lifeng , Galban Craig J , Robinson Terry E , Bartholmai Brian , Gustafsson Per , Fitzgerald Dominic , Selvadurai Hiran , Robinson Paul D 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundEffective detection of early lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF) is critical to understanding early pathogenesis and evaluating early intervention strategies. We aimed to compare ability of several proposed sensitive functional tools to detect early CF lung disease as defined by CT structural disease in school aged children.Methods50 CF subjects (mean±SD 11.2±3.5y, range 5-18y) with early lung disease (FEV1≥70% predicted: 95.7±11.8%) performed spirometry, Multiple breath washout (MBW, including trapped gas assessment), oscillometry, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and simultaneous spirometer-directed low-dose CT imaging. CT data were analysed using well-evaluated fully quantitative software for bronchiectasis and air trapping (AT).ResultsCT bronchiectasis and AT occurred in 24% and 58% of patients, respectively. Of the functional tools, MBW detected the highest rates of abnormality: Scond82%, MBWTG RV78%, LCI 74%, MBWTG IC68% and Sacin51%. CPET VO2peak detected slightly higher rates of abnormality (9%) than spirometry (FEV1/FVC 8%, FEF25-758%, FEV12%). For oscillometry AX (14%) performed better than Rrs (2%) whereas Xrs and R5-19 failed to detect any abnormality. LCI and Scondcorrelated with bronchiectasis (r=0.55-0.64, p<0.001) and AT (r=0.73-0.74, p<0.001). MBW-assessed trapped gas was detectable in 92% of subjects and concordant with CT-assessed AT in 74%.ConclusionsSignificant structural and functional deficits occur in early CF lung disease, as detected by CT and MBW. For MBW, additional utility, beyond that offered by LCI, was suggested for Scondand MBW-assessed gas trapping. Our study reinforces the complementary nature of these tools and the limited utility of conventional oscillometry and CPET in this setting.AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONSConception and design: KB, OW, MOW, BB, TER, PG, DF, HS, PRAcquisition, analysis and interpretation of data: KB, OW, CB, AB, RF, PG, AM, HS, BK, MOW, LY, CG, BB, TER, PRWriting the manuscript or revising it critically for important intellectual content: KB, OW, CB, AB, RF, AM, BK, GJ, NC, PG, DF, HS, CG, MOW, BB, TER, PRHIGHLIGHTSIn early lung disease, multiple breath washout and CT are complementary toolsMBW and CT detect more abnormality than oscillometry, CPET and spirometrySensitivity of MBW to detect abnormality can be increased by Scondand MBW-assessed trapped gasGRANT SUPPORTAustralian Cystic Fibrosis Research Trust: 2018 Innovation Grant. This study was supported by grants from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (82DZL004A1) (to OW, MOW).
Endothelial receptor proteins in acute venous thrombosis and delayed thrombus resolution in cerebral sinus vein thrombosis
Authors: Kellermair Lukas , Höfer Christoph , Zeller Matthias W.G. , Kubasta Christa , Bandke Dave , Weis Serge , Kellermair Jörg , Forstner Thomas , Helbok Raimund , Vosko Milan R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeCerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT) is a rare but life-threatening disease and its diagnosis remains challenging. Blood biomarkers, including D-Dimer are currently not recommended in guidelines. Soluble endothelial receptor proteins (sICAM-1, sPECAM-1 and sVCAM-1) have been shown to be promising diagnostic biomarkers in deep-vein-thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), however, their role in acute CSVT remains unclear.MethodsIn this bi-center, prospective study we quantified D-Dimer as well as sICAM-1, sPECAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in plasma of patients with clinically suspected CSVT managed in the neurological emergency department (ED) of a tertiary care hospital. All patients underwent cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and were followed up after 3, 6 and 12 months to detect thrombus resolution.ResultsTwenty-four out of 75 (32%) patients with clinically suspected CSVT presenting with headache to the ED were diagnosed with acute CSVT. These patients had a mean age of 45 ± 16 years and 78% were female. In patients with CSVT, mean baseline D-dimer (p<0.001) and sPECAM-1 (p<0.001) were significantly higher compared to patients without CSVT. The combination of D-Dimer and sPECAM-1 yielded the best ROC-AUC (0.994; □ < □ 0.001) with a negative predictive value of 95.7% and a positive predictive value of 95.5%. In addition, higher baseline sPECAM-1 levels (> 198ng/ml) on admission were associated with delayed venous thrombus resolution at 3 months (AUC = 0.83).ConclusionsPECAM-1 in combination with D-Dimer should be used to improve the diagnostic accuracy of acute CSVT and sPECAM-1 may predict long-term outcome of CSVT. Confirmatory results are needed in other settings in order to show their value in the management concept of CSVT patients.
Catalytic and non-catalytic functions of DNA polymerase kappa in translesion DNA synthesis
Authors: Sellés-Baiget Selene , Ambjørn Sara M. , Carli Alberto , Hendriks Ivo A. , Gallina Irene , Davey Norman E. , Benedict Bente , Meeusen Bob , Hertz Emil P.T. , Slappendel Laura , Semlow Daniel , Gadi Sampath A. , Sturla Shana , Nielsen Michael L. , Nilsson Jakob , Miller Thomas C. R. , Duxin Julien P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTranslesion DNA synthesis (TLS) is an essential process that allows cells to bypass lesions encountered during DNA replication and is emerging as a primary target of chemotherapy. Among vertebrate DNA polymerases, polymerase kappa (Pol() has the unique ability to bypass minor groove DNA adducts in vitro. However, Pol(is also required for cells to overcome major groove DNA adducts but the basis of this requirement is unclear. Here, we combine CRISPR base editor screening technology in human cells with TLS analysis of defined DNA lesions in Xenopus egg extracts to unravel the functions and regulations of Pol(during lesion bypass. Strikingly, we show that Pol(has two main functions during TLS, which are differentially regulated via Rev1 binding. On the one hand, Pol(is essential to replicate across minor groove DNA lesions in a process that depends on PCNA ubiquitylation but is independent of Rev1. On the other hand, via its cooperative interaction with Rev1 and ubiquitylated PCNA, Pol(stabilizes the Rev1-Pol(extension complex on DNA to allow extension past major groove DNA lesions and abasic sites, in a process that is independent of Pol(catalytic activity. Together, our work identifies catalytic and non-catalytic functions of Pol(in TLS and reveals important regulatory mechanisms underlying the unique domain architecture present at the C-terminal end of Y-family TLS polymerases.
Generation and characterization ofSema6aΔcytconditional knockout mice
Authors: Verhagen Marieke G. , van Battum Eljo Y. , van den Munkhof Marleen H. , Lemstra Suzanne , Rehberg Kati , Koutourlou Aikaterini , Jansen Klara , van der Meer Christiaan , van Kronenburg Nicky C. H. , Adolfs Youri , Pasterkamp R. Jeroen 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTThe axon guidance molecule Semaphorin-6A (SEMA6A) plays a key role during nervous system development. SEMA6A, classically known as a ligand for Plexin-A2 and -A4, is a transmembrane protein that can also elicit signaling via its intracellular domainin vitro. However, the physiological relevance of this ‘reverse’ signaling route is largely unknown. We generated a new transgenic mouse model,Sema6aΔcytfl/fl, in which the cytosolic part of SEMA6A can be conditionally removed usingCre-recombination. UponSema6aΔcytmutation, SEMA6A can only act as a ligand andreversesignaling is perturbed. Germline deletion of SEMA6A’s intracellular part results in developmental defects in axon pathfinding and neuron migration that partially phenocopy defects observed in fullSema6aknockout mice. These defects include disorganization of the anterior commissure, piriform cortex, lateral olfactory tract, thalamocortical and corticospinal white matter tracts, and defected neuron migration in the neocortex and cerebellum. Intriguingly, the hippocampal malformation described inSema6afull knockout mice was not reproduced, suggesting a specific role for SEMA6Aforwardsignaling in hippocampal development. Our results indicate that the intracellular domain of SEMA6A is essential for proper axon targeting and neuron migration, and provide the first proof of a SEMA6Areversesignaling pathwayin vivo.
Dual regulation of SLC25A39 by AFG3L2 and iron controls mitochondrial glutathione homeostasis
Authors: Shi Xiaojian , DeCiucis Marisa , Grabinska Kariona A. , Kanyo Jean , Liu Adam , Lam Tukiet , Shen Hongying 
Published: November 2023

SummaryOrganelle transporters define metabolic compartmentalization and how this metabolite transport process can be modulated is poorly explored. Here, we discovered that SLC25A39, a mitochondrial transporter critical for mitochondrial glutathione uptake, is a short-lived protein under dual regulation at the protein level. Co-immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry and CRISPR KO in cells identified that mitochondrialm-AAA protease AFG3L2 is responsible for degrading SLC25A39 through the matrix loop 1. SLC25A39 senses mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster using four matrix cysteine residues and inhibits its degradation. SLC25A39 protein regulation is robust in developing and mature neurons. This dual transporter regulation, by protein quality control and metabolic sensing, allows modulating mitochondrial glutathione level in response to iron homeostasis, opening new avenues to explore regulation of metabolic compartmentalization. Neuronal SLC25A39 regulation connects mitochondrial protein quality control, glutathione and iron homeostasis, which were previously unrelated biochemical features in neurodegeneration.