bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fostering innovative behaviours of public sector employees: the potency of innovation-based HR practices, risk propensity and error tolerance
Authors: AlMunthiri Ohoud , Bani-Melhem Shaker , Mohd-Shamsudin Faridahwati , Raziq Muhammad Mustafa 
Published: December 2023

PurposeAlthough the innovative behaviour of public employees is critical for the creation of public value and meeting of public interests, the authors are uncertain about the role of the human resource (HR) system in affecting individual behaviour as past studies tended to discuss innovation at the organisational level of analysis. Based on corporate human resource management (HRM) literature, the authors draw from the ability-motivation-opportunity (AMO) model to examine the influence of innovation-based HR practices on work-related risk propensity and innovative behaviour and the moderating role of perceived error tolerance of public sector organisations.Design/methodology/approachDyadic data were collected from supervisors and their subordinates in various public sector organisations in the UAE. The authors collected valid responses from 100 managers and 200 employees.FindingsThis study's findings demonstrate that the HR system in the public sector shapes employees' behaviour at the individual level of analysis, consistent with the corporate HRM literature. The authors reveal that innovation-based HR practices significantly promote employees' innovative work behaviour because they trigger their inclination and disposition to take risks. Furthermore, the authors provide evidence that such risk-taking propensity at work is heightened under the conditions of a high level of error tolerance by the organisational management.Practical implicationsThis study's findings point out the importance of implementing innovation-based HR practices, such as recruitment, reward and training, to drive public sector employees' innovative work behaviour as they could galvanise their risk-taking propensity and, subsequently, innovative behaviour. Public sector managers also need to develop an innovation culture tolerant toward employees' mistakes to further foster employees' work innovativeness. Policy wise, this study's findings could be integrated into the national innovation strategy to drive the national growth in the UAE.Originality/valueThis study sheds light on the drivers behind innovative behaviour among public employees, which is a less researched area, especially in a non-Western context.
Boosting innovativeness in organic farming: the role of external relational capital
Authors: Sáenz Josune , Alcalde-Heras Henar , Aramburu Nekane , Buenechea-Elberdin Marta 
Published: December 2023

PurposeFollowing the contextual approach to intellectual capital, this study analyzed the specific types of external relational capital that foster product/service, process and managerial innovativeness in organic farming as key drivers of sustainable food production.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data from 358 organically certified Spanish farmers were analyzed using structural equation modeling based on partial least squares. A total of three models, one for each type of innovativeness, were developed to analyze the impact of external relational capital. These models took into account four specific types of relational capital: vertical relationships, horizontal relationships, relationships with government institutions and relationships with knowledge-intensive institutions.FindingsAlthough relational capital and innovativeness are clearly underdeveloped, knowledge generated through and embedded in external relationships plays a substantial role in promoting innovativeness in organic farming. Moreover, depending on the type of innovation to be developed, the type of external relational capital that is relevant differs.Practical implicationsThis study's findings indicate that organic farmers prioritize process innovation over product/service and managerial innovation. For the latter categories, building relationships with customers, consumers and government institutions is key. Policymakers should encourage farmer-engaging socialization spaces that emphasize family farms and their knowledge contribution.Originality/valuePast studies have examined the overall degree of association between external relational capital and innovation, often overlooking the nuances of contextual factors. In contrast, this research delves into the unique contributions of knowledge sourced from various external relationships, focusing specifically on how these relationships influence different types of innovation within the specific context of organic farming.
Let’s talk about that slap at the Academy Awards ceremony: understanding individual behaviors and social processes
Authors: Bumpus Minnette A. 
Published: December 2023

Research methodology
The case was developed from secondary sources. This descriptive case was classroom tested in undergraduate organizational behavior courses.

Case overview/synopsis
The 94th Academy Awards ceremony, which honored movies released in 2021, was held on March 27, 2022, at the Dolby Theater in Hollywood. Prior to Chris Rock announcing the winner in the category of best documentary film, Rock was assaulted on stage by Will Smith. On April 8, 2022, the Academy’s board of governors met to discuss disciplinary actions for Smith’s behavior. The Academy’s board decided to ban Smith from all Academy events for the next 10 years. Theories of individual behaviors and social processes can provide explanations for behaviors of Chris Rock, Will Smith, the producers and the Academy.

Complexity academic level
This descriptive case is most appropriate for undergraduate-level organizational behavior courses. The primary topics in this case align well with individual behaviors relative to emotional intelligence (EI) and motivation. The secondary topics in this case align well with social processes relative to decision-making, conflict and culture.
Maritime international trade and bioinvasions: A three‐year long survey of small mammals in Autonomous Port of Cotonou, Benin
Authors: Badou Sylvestre , Missihoun Antoine A. , Agbangla Clément , Gauthier Philippe , Houéménou Gualbert , Dossou Henri‐Joël , Etougbétché Jonas , Adamjy Tasnime , Tchabi Arlette , Faton Laurent , Hima Karmadine , Evenamia Camille , Diagne Christophe , Besnard Aurélien , Dalecky Ambroise , Dobigny Gauthier 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

International trade has been favouring the dissemination of a wide suite of invasive alien species. Upstream prevention through the monitoring of entry points is identified as an appropriate strategy to achieve control of bioinvasions and their consequences. Maritime transportation has been responsible for the introduction worldwide of exotic rodents that are major pests for crops and food stocks as well as reservoirs of many zoonotic pathogens. In order to limit further dissemination, the International Health Regulation constrains decisions makers and socio‐economic stakeholders to manage ship‐mediated import/export of rodents within seaports.

Unfortunately, eco‐evolutionary insights into rodent introduction events that could guide preventive actions in seaports are very scarce. In order to bridge this gap, we here describe the results of a 3 year‐long survey of small mammals conducted in the Port of Cotonou, Benin.

Our aim was to assess the spatiotemporal distribution, diversity and relative abundance of invasive and native rodents.

960 small mammal individuals were captured in nine within‐seaport sites. We found (i) a marked predominance of invasive species (84% of the individuals belonging to Mus musculus, Rattus rattus, R. norvegicus), (ii) with native species (i.e. Mastomys natalensis and the shrew Crocidura olivieri) essentially restricted to peripheral non‐industrial areas, as well as (iii) a fine‐scale spatial segregation stable over time between the invasive Norway rats and house mice on the one hand, and the black rats and shrews on the other hand.

Furthermore, trapping before and after two successive rodent control campaigns indicates that they were ineffective and that subsequent rodent recolonisation occurred 6–12 months following intervention.

Synthesis and applications. Our results are discussed in terms of ecological processes at play (e.g. interspecific interactions) and operational recommendations (e.g. assessment of proper eradication units, environmental modifications).
The natural ‘exclosure effect’ and tree regeneration following post‐windstorm salvage logging
Authors: Bosley‐Smith Colby , Fraver Shawn , D'Amato Anthony W. , Rogers Nicole S. , Tabak Nava , Wason Jay 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Understanding the influence of post‐disturbance forest management on tree regeneration is critical for assessing ecosystem recovery and guiding future responses. In particular, the influx of elevated coarse woody material (CWM) following wind disturbance, if left in situ, may impede herbivore access, thereby protecting saplings from browsing damage through a natural ‘exclosure effect’.

In 2013, a tornado in northcentral Maine, United States and subsequent salvage logging operations created three clear ‘treatments’ for evaluation of the exclosure effect: blowdown, blowdown plus salvage logging and an undamaged control. Nine years post‐tornado, we inventoried tree regeneration within these treatments to evaluate differences in sapling abundance, species composition, size structure and browsing intensity. We also inventoried CWM, including the height above forest floor.

Results revealed significant differences in sapling composition and browsing intensity among treatments. The salvage treatment had the highest proportion of browsed saplings (56 ± 28%; mean ± standard error), followed by the control (9 ± 10%) and blowdown (5 ± 8%). Blowdown had by far the greatest mean (50 ± 9 cm) and average maximum (169 ± 43 cm) heights for CWM. Binomial generalized linear models revealed that browsing probability was a function of mean CWM height and an interaction between sapling density and proportion of sapling hardwoods. Thus, browsing damage was less likely in plots with greater CWM heights and more likely in plots with greater sapling density and more hardwood saplings.

Synthesis and applications. This study furthers our understanding of ecosystem recovery following blowdown and salvage logging. Results suggest that salvage logging created important differences in coarse woody material (CWM) abundance and height distribution, when compared to un‐salvaged areas, and that these differences in turn altered sapling size structure and browsing intensity. These findings highlight the potential long‐term effects of successive disturbances, as the differences evident in these early stages may persist for decades or longer. Importantly, we provide evidence of the exclosure effect, suggesting that CWM retained in the un‐salvaged area protected saplings from moose browsing. Thus, in post‐disturbance areas where browsing threatens regeneration, we recommend that managers consider retaining CWM to serve as a natural exclosure.
Insect herbivory but not plant pathogen infection drive floral volatile‐mediated indirect effects on pollinators and plant fitness in Brassica rapa
Authors: Moreira Xoaquín , Abdala‐Roberts Luis , Gols Rieta , Lago‐Núñez Beatriz , Rasmann Sergio , Röder Gregory , Soengas Pilar , Vázquez‐González Carla , Cartea María Elena 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Plant enemies can indirectly affect pollinators by modifying plant traits, but simultaneous tests of herbivore and pathogen effects are lacking, and the role of floral volatiles has seldom been assessed.

In this study, we tested for indirect effects of insect herbivores and pathogens on pollinator attraction via altered floral volatile emissions, and its consequences for plant fitness in Brassica rapa. Plants in the field were exposed to either no damage or damage by caterpillars (Mamestra brassicae), aphids (Brevicoryne brassicae), a leaf fungus (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), or a bacterium (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris). We then recorded pollinator visits and measured floral traits (flower number, volatiles) and plant fitness‐correlates. We additionally performed a greenhouse experiment with artificial floral emitters to test for effects of target volatiles on pollinator attraction.

In the field experiments, relative to controls, plants subjected to herbivory by the aphid B. brassicae (but not those exposed to the other enemies) exhibited a marked reduction in the emission of two volatile organic compounds (nonanal and 2‐butyl‐1‐octanol), experienced lower pollinator visits and produced seeds of lower quality in terms of seed biomass and germination rate, while flower output itself was not affected. Consistently, artificial emitters with reduced amounts of these volatile organic compounds were less attractive to pollinators under greenhouse conditions.

Synthesis. These results provide strong evidence for volatile‐mediated indirect interactions between plant enemies and pollinators ultimately impacting plant fitness, and further point at enemy and compound specificity in such effects.
A ‘Public Service Internet’—Reclaiming the Public Service Mission
Authors: Jay Helen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article looks forward, locating debates on public service broadcasting firmly within contemporary and future debates about technology regulation. Public service broadcasting has been a dominant theme in UK media policy since the creation of the BBC in 1922, aimed at delivering positive democratic and cultural outcomes. However, despite this rich heritage, and amidst widespread concerns about the social and democratic implications of ‘digital dominance’, the public service mission has failed fully to transcend its broadcasting origins and provide a model for a ‘public service internet’. The article reviews the relationship between the for‐profit business models of the dominant technology platforms and potential civic and individual harms, past and failed attempts to reimagine ‘public service’ institutions in a digital age and identifies opportunities for scholars, activists and policy makers to reimagine public service alternatives for a platform society.
How does ultrasound‐assisted ionic liquid treatment affect protein? A comprehensive review of their potential mechanisms, safety evaluation, and physicochemical and functional properties
Authors: Zhang Wenxue , Boateng Isaac Duah , Xu Jinsheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProteins are essential to human health with enormous food applications. Despite their advantages, plant and animal proteins often exhibit limited molecular flexibility and poor solubility due to hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and ionic interactions within their molecular structures. Thus, there is an urgent need to modify the rigid structure of proteins to enhance their stability and functional properties. Ultrasound‐assisted ionic liquid (UA‐IL) treatment for developing compound modification and producing proteins with excellent functional properties has received interest. However, no review specifically addresses the interactions between UA‐ILs and proteins. Hence, this review focused on recent research advancements concerning the effects and potential reaction mechanisms of UA‐ILs on the physicochemical properties (including particle size; primary, secondary, and tertiary structure; and surface morphology) as well as the functionality (such as solubility, emulsifying properties, and foaming ability) of proteins. Moreover, the safety evaluation of modified proteins was also discussed from various perspectives, such as acute and chronic toxicity, genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and environmental and microbial toxicity. This review demonstrated that UA‐IL treatment‐induced protein structural changes significantly impact the functional characteristics of proteins. This treatment approach efficiently promotes protein structure stretching and spatial rearrangement through cavitation, thermal effects, and ionic interactions. As a result, the functional properties of modified proteins exhibited an obvious enhancement, thereby bringing more opportunities to utilize modified protein products in the food industry. Potential future directions for protein modification using UA‐ILs were also proposed.
A critical review of a typical research system for food‐derived metal‐chelating peptides: Production, characterization, identification, digestion, and absorption
Authors: Yu Xuening , Liu Xiaoyang , Zhou Dayong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the past decade, food‐derived metal‐chelating peptides (MCPs) have attracted significant attention from researchers working towards the prevention of metal (viz., iron, zinc, and calcium) deficiency phenomenon by primarily inhibiting the precipitation of metals caused by the gastrointestinal environment and exogenous substances (including phytic and oxalic acids). However, for the improvement of limits of current knowledge foundations and future investigation directions of MCP or their derivatives, several review categories should be improved and emphasized. The species’ uniqueness and differences in MCP productions highly contribute to the different values of chelating ability with particular metal ions, whereas comprehensive reviews of chelation characterization determined by various kinds of technique support different horizons for explaining the chelation and offer options for the selection of characterization methods. The reviews of chelation mechanism clearly demonstrate the involvement of potential groups and atoms in chelating metal ions. The discussions of digestive stability and absorption in various kinds of absorption model in vitro and in vivo as well as the theory of involved cellular absorption channels and pathways are systematically reviewed and highlighted compared with previous reports as well. Meanwhile, the chelation mechanism on the molecular docking level, the binding mechanism in amino acid identification level, the utilizations of everted rat gut sac model for absorption, and the involvement of cellular absorption channels and pathway are strongly recommended as novelty in this review. This review makes a novel contribution to the literature by the comprehensive prospects for the research and development of food‐derived mineral supplements.
Advances in new targets for immunotherapy of small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zheng Zitong , Liu Juanjuan , Ma Junling , Kang Runting , Liu Zhen , Yu Jiangyong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the highly aggressive malignancies characterized by rapid growth and early metastasis, but treatment options are limited. For SCLC, carboplatin or cisplatin in combination with etoposide chemotherapy has been considered the only standard of care, but the standard first‐line treatment only results in 10‐month survival. The majority of patients relapse within a few weeks to months after treatment, despite the relatively sensitive response to chemotherapy. Over the past decade, immunotherapy has made significant progress in the treatment of SCLC patients. However, there have been limited improvements in survival rates for SCLC patients with the current immune checkpoint inhibitors PD‐1/PD‐L1 and CTLA‐4. In the face of high recurrence rates, small beneficiary populations, and low survival benefits, the exploration of new targets for key molecules and signals in SCLC and the development of drugs with novel mechanisms may provide fresh hope for immunotherapy in SCLC. Therefore, the aim of this review was to explore four new targets, DLL3, TIGIT, LAG‐3, and GD2, which may play a role in the immunotherapy of SCLC to find useful clues and strategies to improve the outcome for SCLC patients.
Optimum ratio of dietary protein and carbohydrate that maximises lifespan is shared among related insect species
Authors: Morimoto Juliano 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAnimals often regulate the intake and quantity of nutrients to maximise fitness through life‐history traits such as lifespan, but we still lack a proper understanding of how specific nutrients influence these traits. Here, I developed an algorithm which allowed me to create a nutrient‐specific database from literature data, and investigated how the requirements of protein (P) and carbohydrate (C) needed to maximise lifespan evolved across nine insect species. I found moderate evidence of a phylogenetic signal on the optimal ratio of protein to carbohydrate ratio (PC ratio) that maximised lifespan, suggesting that optimal PC ratio for lifespan could have evolved non‐independently among related species. I also found evidence for weak‐to‐strong sex‐specific optimal PC ratios for lifespan, suggesting that sex‐specific nutritional needs to maximise lifespan can emerge and persist in some species. Although limited in the number of species, the approach adopted here is portable to experiments with number of nutrients and, thus, can be used in complex comparative precision nutrition studies for insights into the evolution of animal nutrition.
Whole‐genome resequencing reveals candidate genes associated with milk production trait in Guanzhong dairy goats
Authors: Ni Jie , Xian Ming , Ren Yijie , Yang Lina , Li Yu , Guo Songmao , Ran Benkang , Hu Jianhong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMilk production is one of the most important economic utility of goats. Guanzhong dairy goat is a local dairy goat in Shaanxi Province of China and has high milk yield and quality. However, there are relatively few studies on molecular markers of milk production traits in Guanzhong dairy goats. In this study, we sequenced the whole genomes of 20 Guanzhong dairy goats, 10 of which had high milk yield (HM) and 10 of which had low milk yield (LM). We detected candidate signatures of selection in HM goats using Fst and π‐ratio statistics and identified several candidate genes including ANPEP, ADRA1A and PRKG1 associated with milk production. Our results provide the basis for molecular breeding of milk production traits in Guanzhong dairy goats.
Skin tone‐based stereotyping with Asian targets: Exploring possible mechanisms
Authors: Ha Chang Hyun , Park Sang Hee 
Published: December 2023

AbstractResearch on skin tone bias (i.e., bias against members of the same racial group with different skin tones) has been conducted mostly with Black/White targets. We tested skin tone bias with East Asian (Korean) targets and investigated its possible mechanisms. In Study 1, comparisons of impressions between targets with different skin tones (darker‐, medium‐, and lighter‐skinned) showed statistically significant differences in warmth, competence, morality, cleanliness, dangerousness, strongness, and social status. Study 2 revealed that lighter‐skinned Koreans were perceived to be more similar to Whites (vs. Blacks or South Asians), but this perceived similarity did not explain the effect of skin tone on impression ratings. In Study 3, participants showed associations of darker (vs. lighter) skin with rural (vs. urban) areas and with blue‐collar (vs. white‐collar) jobs. However, these associations explained only the skin tone effects on dangerousness. This research demonstrated skin tone bias with East Asian participants and targets.