bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex Differences in Pain Catastrophizing and Its Relation to the Transition From Acute Pain to Chronic Pain
Authors: LE Linh H.L. , BROWN Vanessa A.V. , MOL Sander , AZIJLI Kaoutar , KUIJPER Martijn M. , BECKER Leonie , KOOPMAN Seppe S.H.A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE
Differences exist between sexes in pain and pain-related outcomes, such as development of chronic pain. Previous studies suggested a higher risk for pain chronification in female patients. Furthermore, pain catastrophizing is an important risk factor for chronification of pain. However, it is unclear whether sex differences in catastrophic thinking could explain the sex differences in pain chronification.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to examine sex differences in pain catastrophizing. Additionally, we investigated pain catastrophizing as a potential mediator of sex differences in the transition of acute to chronic pain.
Design, settings and participants:
Adults visiting one of the 15 participating emergency departments in the Netherlands with acute pain-related complaints. Subjects had to meet inclusion criteria and complete questionnaires about their health and pain (n = 1,906).
OUTCOMES MEASURE AND ANALYSIS
The outcomes in this prospective cohort study were pain catastrophizing (short form pain catastrophizing) and pain chronification at 90 days (Numeric Rating Scale ≥ 1). Data was analysed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression models. Finally, stratified regression analyses were conducted to assess whether differences in pain catastrophizing accounted for observed differences in pain chronification between sexes.
MAIN RESULTS
Females catastrophized pain significantly more than males (p<0.001). Multiple regression analyses suggested that pain catastrophizing is associated with pain chronification in both sexes, although significance was not reached in all groups.
CONCLUSIONS
This study reported differences between sexes in catastrophic cognitions in the development of chronic pain. This is of clinical importance to identify high-risk patients and ensure an early intervention to prevent the transition from acute to chronic pain.
Comorbidity Risk and Distribution Characteristics of Chronic Diseases in the Elderly in China
Authors: Xiang Zihang , Wang Hao , Li Handong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background The comorbidity risk of chronic diseases in the elderly is an important problem affecting the health of the elderly and quality of life. We try to analyze comorbidity risk and characteristics of major chronic diseases in 65+ elderly people in China using CLHLS(Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey) data in 2018.
Methods First, we use the original data to construct a hypothetical cohort in the elderly with age. The complex network is used to reduce the dimensionality of diseases in male and female respectively; the multi-state transfer model is used to calculate the comorbidity of each chronic disease, exploring the comorbidity characteristics and rules.
Results Seven chronic diseases of hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, chronic lung disease, arthritis and dyslipidemia in men, and of the above diseases, six chronic diseases except chronic lung disease in women showed significant comorbidity. The incidence show differences in age and gender, increase with age in completely healthy state, generally decline at about 98 years old. In the presence of other chronic diseases as basic diseases, the incidence of each disease increases with the increase of the number of chronic diseases.
Conclusions (1) When hypertension is present as a basic disease, its impact on the risk of each chronic disease is much less than that of other chronic diseases; (2) For the elderly men, hypertension-heart disease, diabetes-dyslipidemia are two chronic disease combinations that have the greatest impact on each other; For elderly women, hypertension-heart is the only pair of disease combinations that have the greatest impact on each other.
Patterns of Kidney Function and Risk Assessment in a Nationwide Laboratory Database: The Brazilian CHECK-CKD Study
Authors: Guedes Murilo , Dias Paulo Telles , Réa Rosângela R. , Calice-Silva Viviane , Lopes Marcelo , Brandão Andrea Araujo , Bauer Andrea Carla , Senerchia Andreza Almeida , Rocha Pedro Tulio , Rosa Bruno Bezerra , Teixeira Cinthia Montenegro , Pecoits-Filho Roberto 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem with rising prevalence, morbidity, mortality, and associated costs. Early identification and risk stratification are key to preventing progression to kidney failure. However, there is a paucity of data on practice patterns of kidney function assessment to guide the development of improvement strategies, particularly in lower-income countries.
Methods
A retrospective observational analysis was conducted in a nationwide laboratory database in Brazil. We included all adult patients with at least one serum creatinine assessment between June 2018 and May 2021. Our primary objective was to determine the proportion of patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) evaluations accompanied by equivalents of urinary to creatinine ratio (eUCR) assessments within 12 months.
Results
Out of 4,5323,332 serum creatinine measurements, 42% lacked eUCR measurements within 12 months. Approximately 10.8% of tests suggested CKD, mostly at stage 3a. The proportion of serum creatinine exams paired with eUCR assessment varied according to the CKD stage. Internal Medicine, Cardiology, and Obstetrics/Gynecology were the specialties requesting most of the creatinine tests. Nephrology contributed with only 1.1% of serum creatinine requests for testing.
Conclusion
Our findings reveal that a significant proportion of individuals with a creatinine test lack an accompanying urinary eUCR in Brazil, contrary to the recommendations of the international guidelines. Non-Nephrologists perform most kidney function evaluations, even among patients with presumable advanced CKD. This highlights the urge to incorporate in clinical practice the early detection of CKD and to encourage more collaborative multidisciplinary care to improve CKD management.
Diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis in suspicious women referred to health centres in Tabriz, north of Iran by microscopy and PCR methods
Authors: Barzgar Gholamreza , Kohansal Mohammad Hasan , Ahmadi Reza , Norouzi Roghayeh , Siyadatpanah Abolghasem , Ahmadpour Ehsan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Trichomoniasis is a parasitic disease of human reproductive-urinary system and the most important non-viral sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Due toits importance to the human reproductive health, HIV transmission and limited information on the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis, current study was investigated to evaluate of T. vaginalis among suspicious women who referred to health centers of Tabriz, northwest of Iran.
Methods
Study was conducted on 448 suspicious women who attended to the gynecological ward of 29 Bahman hospital in Tabriz,northwest of Iran, during September 2016 to September 2017. Demographic datawas collected based on study protocol. Vaginal discharges were obtained by sterile swabs and prevalence of T. vaginalis was determined wet-mount staining examinations and PCR method.
Results
Of the 448 cases studied, 48 (10.7%) were positive by wet-mount staining examinations, 4 (0.89%) by PCR method respectively. The mean age of infected individual was 41.7 ± 9.4 years. No statistical correlation was observed between inflammation, method of contraception and parasitological results (p = 0.8).
Conclusion
The results of presentstudy showed a relatively low prevalence of T. vaginalis infection in the study population. Clinical diagnosis besides variety of end-stage techniques to obtain an accurate data are needed.
Individual Behavioral Variability Across Time and Contexts in Dendrobates tinctorius Poison Frogs
Authors: Soto Katharina M , Hardin Faith O , Alleyne Harmen P , Fischer Eva K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Consistent individual differences in behavior (aka, “animal personality”) have consequences for individual fitness, adaptive trajectories, and species’ persistence. Such differences have been documented across a wide range of animals, though amphibians are generally underrepresented in this research area. The aim of our study was to examine consistent individual differences in poison frogs (Dendrobates tinctorius). We evaluated repeatability in behaviors including activity, exploration, and boldness to assess consistency of behaviors across different temporal, experimental, and environmental contexts. We found repeatability in activity and exploration across time and contexts. In contrast, we observed context-specific behavior for our metrics of boldness, with consistent individual differences only for some measures. Further, while activity and exploration displayed consistent correlations across contexts, relationships between activity and boldness were context dependent. Our findings document the presence of consistent individual differences in behavior in poison frogs, challenging historic assumptions about the simplicity of amphibian behavior. Nonetheless, our approach testing the same individuals across multiple time points and assays also reveals context-dependent differences, highlighting the complex relationship between consistent individual differences and context-specific responses in animal behavior.
Achievement of defect-free and high-properties Multilayer copper foils soft connection by Friction Stir Welding
Authors: Li Zihang , Deng Yongfang , Zeng Jincheng , Hu Liang , Zhou Yutao , Qiu Zherui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The connection of new energy vehicle batteries often involves a copper soft connection. In this experiment, Friction Stir Welding (FSW) of multilayer copper foils (TU1) were proposed for the research of copper soft connection. It studies the correlation between microhardness profiles, conductivity test data, welding morphology and process parameters. When the rotation speed increased from 300,600,900,1200 rpm to 1500 rpm, the copper color of the weld changes, and the welding morphology is better at the parameter of 900 rpm-80 mm/min. Elongated grains were processed into fine equiaxed and recrystallized grains by FSW. Continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) was the main restoration mechanism responsible for the microstructural evolution in the NZ. After 900 rpm-80 mm/min FSW of multilayer copper foils, the hardness of the welding zone increases 23 HV and the conductivity decreases 22 IACS. After friction stir welding, the hardness value is the opposite trend of ω/v changes, and conductivity value is the similar change trend of ω/v changes in the NZ.
The impact of accumulated exposure to non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol on premature cardiovascular events
Authors: Wang Yifei , Zhao Xuemei , Gao Haibo , Li Wei , Wu Haotian , Wang Guiping , Liu Xiaokun , Wu Shouling 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
There are many common risk factors for premature cardiovascular disease. Among them, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) has been proven to be a significant risk factor. However, a single measurement cannot reflect the long-term impact of non-HDL-C on premature cardiovascular disease.
Methods
This study selected active and retired employees from Kailuan Group who participated in the annual health examinations in 2006, 2008, and 2010 as the study population. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of different cumulative exposures to non-HDL-C on the risk of premature cardiovascular disease.
Results
During a median follow-up period of 9.88 years, we observed 285 cases of early cardiovascular events out of 16,684 study participants. The Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that as the cumulative exposure to non-HDL-C increased, the risk of premature cardiovascular disease gradually increased. Compared to the reference group first quartile of cumnon-HDL-C, the HRs (95% CI) for the second, third, and fourth quartiles were 1.26 (0.81, 1.95), 1.58 (1.04, 2.40), and 1.81 (1.18, 2.77), respectively. Furthermore, with longer cumulative exposure times, the risk of premature cardiovascular disease increased. Compared to no cumulative exposure to non-HDL-C, the HRs (95% CI) for cumulative exposures of 2 years and ≥ 4 years were 1.63 (1.16, 2.30) and 1.73 (1.07, 2.79), respectively.
Conclusion
Cumulative exposure to non-HDL-C is a risk factor for early cardiovascular events and is independent of single non-HDL-C measurement values.
Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Alters Potassium-Chloride CoTransporter KCC2 and GABA Inhibition in the auditory centers
Authors: Parameshwarappa Vinay , Siponen Marina , Watabe Isabelle , Karkaba Alaa , Galazyuk Alex , Noreña Arnaud 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Homeostatic plasticity, the ability of neurons to maintain their averaged activity constant around a set point value, is thought to account for the central hyperactivity after hearing loss. Here, we investigated the putative role of GABAergic neurotransmission in this mechanism after a noise-induced hearing loss larger than 50 dB in high frequencies in guinea pigs. The effect of GABAergic inhibition is linked to the normal functioning of K+‒Cl- co-transporter isoform 2 (KCC2) which maintains a low intracellular concentration of chloride. The expression of membrane KCC2 were investigated before after noise trauma in the ventral and dorsal cochlear nucleus (VCN and DCN, respectively) and in the inferior colliculus (IC). Moreover, the effect of gabazine (GBZ), a GABA antagonist, was also studied on the neural activity in IC. We show that KCC2 is downregulated in VCN, DCN and IC 3 days after noise trauma, and in DCN and IC 30 days after the trauma. As expected, GBZ application in the IC of control animals resulted in an increase of spontaneous and stimulus-evoked activity. In the noise exposed animals, on the other hand, GBZ application decreased the stimulus-evoked activity in IC neurons. The functional implications of these central changes are discussed.
Quality of Life among Medical Students at the Clinical Levels at Sana'a University
Authors: Al-Mustafa Ahmed M. , Al-Shamahi Malak N. , Al-Nono Amin A. , Almukhtari Alaa A. , AlGhazaly Asma J. , Al-oqbi Yusra A. , Al-humidi Shifaa A. , Al-maqtari Hamdan M. , Mareh Amani H. , Sharaf Shadi K. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines quality of life (QoL) as individuals' perceptions of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns. Starting clinical training means a new challenge that requires special capabilities in an unfavorable environment. We aimed to assess the (QoL) among medical students at the clinical levels at Sana'a University and correlate it with sociodemographic factors.
Methodology
: A descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample size of 371 medical students at the clinical levels and internship from January 1st to February 15th, 2023. We ran a stratified random sample and used the Arabic WHOQoL-BRE and a sociodemograhic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences.
Results
The participants scored highest in the overall (QoL) (69.27 ± 20.77) and general health (67.70 ± 25.67). They scored lower in other domains in a descending manner: physical health (64.38 ± 15.73), social relationships (61.61 ± 22.70), psychological health (57.16 ± 15.31) and environment (48.63 ± 15.43). Leisure time (LT) was found to be the most important predicator of the QoL in all aspects, followed by family income in the overall (QoL), physical health and environment. Advancing age, male gender, being rural and living alone or in dorms scored poorly in the environment. Females scored better in the overall (QoL) than males. The social relationships were in favor of married students. Initial clinical levels scored poorly in terms of physical health.
Conclusion
Our participants have a relatively good overall (QoL) and general health. Nevertheless, they scored poorly in the psychological health and environment. Sufficient family income and (LT) are crucial to a better (QoL). We believe orientation programs, revised curricula, proper and adequate clinical training, level-compatible and objective exams and creating sources of income for interns would significantly improve their (QoL). Medical students at the clinical levels are in extreme need for (LT). Dorms should reconsider their services, and rural inhabitants need support from all.
Processing of titanium alloys with improved efficiency and accuracy by laser and electrochemical machining
Authors: Yang Yong , Wang Yufeng , Sun Chenyu , Wu Qiang , Yan Jie , Liu Yunfeng , Yao Jianhua , Zhang Wenwu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The fabrication of microstructures with high efficiency and accuracy on titanium alloys presents significant challenges due to stringent quality requirements. Hybrid laser and electrochemical machining (LECM) has emerged as a viable solution for efficient and precise processing of titanium alloys. This study investigates the material removal mechanism of titanium alloys during LECM, analyzing the machining characteristics under the combined influence of laser processing and electrochemical machining. The impacts of voltage, laser power, and feeding rate on aspects such as aspect-ratio, accuracy, efficiency, and surface roughness are examined. Results reveal that synchronous laser irradiation effectively accelerates electrochemical corrosion rates, enhancing the removal capability of the passive film. Notably, LECM outperforms pure ECM, demonstrating significant improvements in parameters such as aspect-ratio (394.4% increase), material removal rate (140% increase), and aspect-ratio (172.8% increase). Lower laser power is favored for high-precision LECM. An electric circuit model elucidates the titanium alloy material removal mechanism in LECM. Additionally, the study proposes the use of gradient laser power for fabricating high-aspect-ratio structures with efficiency and accuracy. The research successfully fabricates microstructures with elevated aspect-ratio and flat bottoms on titanium alloys.
Sexual dysfunction in women with breast cancer: a retrospective longitudinal study
Authors: Guedes Thais Rodrigues , Guedes Marcello , Lopes Johnnatas , Santana Rebeca de Castro , de Vasconcelos Jamily , de Medeiros Eva , Cunha Vitor Leandro da , Dantas Amanda Gomes , Jerez-Roig Javier , de Souza Dyego 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Breast cancer treatment leads to physical and psychological changes. The aim of this study is to analyze the incidence of sexual dysfunction and its risk factors in women diagnosed with breast cancer.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study included women diagnosed and treated for breast cancer (exposed group, n = 90) and healthy women (non-exposed group, n = 93). Data were collected from medical records and using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire. Primary outcomes were analyzed using binary logistic regression. The Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze FSFI domains between groups.
Results
The exposed group had a 74% incidence of sexual dysfunction and 3.9 times increased chances of having sexual dysfunction compared with the non-exposed group (OR: 3.9, CI: 1.8 to 8.2, p < 0.001). Presence of comorbidities increased the chances of sexual dysfunction by 2.5 times (OR: 2.5, CI: 1.2 to 4.9, p = 0.009).
Conclusion
Women diagnosed and treated for breast cancer had a higher incidence of sexual dysfunction than healthy women. Furthermore, comorbidities also increased the chances of sexual dysfunction regardless of exposure to breast cancer.
WITHDRAWN: Urological Evaluation and Psychological-behavioral Profile before and post Detethering Procedures in Children with Tethered Cord Syndrome
Authors: Yang Shuai , Zhou Zhaokai , Liu Xingchen , Wang Zhan , Zhang Yanping , Zhang He , Lv Lei , Zhao Nannan , Zhang Ge , Wang Qingwei , Wen Jianguo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) is a diverse clinical entity characterized by the enhanced tension of the conus medullaris or cauda equina. Surgical detethering is the modality most extensively utilized to treat TCS. It is essential to undertake timely surgery for patients with progressive neuro-urological findings, while the unnecessary surgery should be avoided for those not at risk of deterioration. Disappointingly, some children without bladder impairment present a deterioration of bladder function after surgery, which critically influences the health-related quality of life. To decode the effect of detethering surgery on bladder function and explore the health-related quality of life in children with tethered cord syndrome (TCS). Methods The urodynamic parameters and score were compared before and after detethering. Additionally, the individuals’ psychological-behavioral profile and lower urinary tract symptoms were assessed. Ultimately, the patients were divided into the normal bladder function group (Normal group) and the bladder dysfunction group (Abnormal group) according to the preoperative urodynamics parameters. Results There were statistically significant differences in bladder detrusor sphincter synergy and urodynamic score and no statistically significant difference in the remaining urodynamic parameters and psychological-behavioral items before and after detethering. The proportion of bladder dysfunction that improved or did not worsen after surgery was higher in the Abnormal group than in the Normal group. Nevertheless, the detection rate of each psychological behavior abnormality in children with TCS was higher compared with that of normal children, both preoperatively and postoperatively. Conclusions Surgical detethering could not considerably ameliorate pre-existing bladder dysfunction and patients exhibiting non-progressive bladder function could be treated conservatively with close observation. TCS plagues patients all the time even if detethering. Psychological counseling for children with TCS should be strengthened.