bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation Mechanisms of CO2 Fluxes in Subtropical Mountain Peatlands Based on Long‐Term In Situ Observations at the Dajiuhu Peatland
Authors: Yang Shiyu , Ge Jiwen , Xu Xiangnan , Liu Ziwei , Wang Jiumei , Wang Yuehuan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe Dajiuhu peatland in Shennongjia, China, is a highly representative subalpine peatland, emblematic of subtropical mountainous peatlands. Due to the lack of long‐term in situ continuous observations and in‐depth studies on CO2 absorption and emission patterns, the regulation mechanisms of CO2 flux in subtropical peatlands remain unclear. Since July 2015, we have conducted over five years of continuous in situ observations of CO2 fluxes and major environmental factors in the Dajiuhu peatland ecosystem. We calculated the annual average net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE) of CO2 and decomposed NEE into gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco), thus examining the peatland ecosystem's absorption and emission of CO2 separately. The results indicate that the annual average NEE from 2016 to 2020 was −283.6 g C m−2 yr−1, reflecting a strong CO2 sink. Our study indicates the regulation mechanisms of CO2 flux in the peatland. Temperature is the most direct factor affecting CO2 absorption and emission, serving as the most important driver of CO2 flux on short time scales. Precipitation only affects CO2 absorption but has a significant impact on NEE, being a key factor in maintaining the peatland's CO2 sink function. Variations in annual precipitation also led to differences in net CO2 absorption between years. Our results illustrate an important role of sub‐tropical mountain peatlands in mitigating the greenhouse effect and maintaining moisture conditions is crucial for protecting its ecological functions.
Effective eradication of acute myeloid leukemia stem cells with FLT3-directed antibody-drug conjugates
Authors: Able Marina , Kasper Marc-André , Vick Binje , Schwach Jonathan , Gao Xiang , Schmitt Saskia , Tizazu Belay , Fischer Amrei , Künzl Sarah , Leilich Marit , Mai Isabelle , Ochtrop Philipp , Stengl Andreas , de Geus Mark A. R. , von Bergwelt-Baildon Michael , Schumacher Dominik , Helma Jonas , Hackenberger Christian P. R. , Götze Katharina S. , Jeremias Irmela , Leonhardt Heinrich , Feuring Michaela , Spiekermann Karsten 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Refractory disease and relapse are major challenges in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapy attributed to survival of leukemic stem cells (LSC). To target LSCs, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) provide an elegant solution, combining the specificity of antibodies with highly potent payloads. We aimed to investigate if FLT3-20D9h3-ADCs delivering either the DNA-alkylator duocarmycin (DUBA) or the microtubule-toxin monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF) can eradicate quiescent LSCs. We show here that DUBA more potently kills cell-cycle arrested AML cells compared to microtubule-targeting auristatins. Due to limited stability of 20D9h3-DUBA ADC in vivo, we analyzed both ADCs in advanced in vitro stem cell assays. 20D9h3-DUBA successfully eliminated leukemic progenitors in vitro in colony-forming unit and long-term culture initiating cell assays, both in patient cells and in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) cells. Further, it completely prevented engraftment of AML PDX leukemia-initiating cells in NSG mice. 20D9h3-MMAF had a similar effect in engraftment assays, but a less prominent effect in colony assays. Both ADCs did not affect healthy stem and progenitor cells at comparable doses providing the rationale for FLT3 as therapeutic LSC target. Collectively, we show that FLT3-directed ADCs with DUBA or MMAF have potent activity against AML LSCs and represent promising candidates for further clinical development.
Absent in melanoma 2: a potent suppressor of retinal pigment epithelial-mesenchymal transition and experimental proliferative vitreoretinopathy
Authors: Chen Yu , Jiang Mingyuan , Li Liping , Yang Shanshan , Liu Zuimeng , Lin Shiwen , Wang Wanxiao , Li Jinyang , Chen Feng , Hou Qiang , Ma Xiaoyin , Hou Ling 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical and complex process involved in normal embryonic development, tissue regeneration, and tumor progression. It also contributes to retinal diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Although absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) has been linked to inflammatory disorders, autoimmune diseases, and cancers, its role in the EMT of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE-EMT) and retinal diseases remains unclear. The present study demonstrated that AIM2 functions as a potent suppressor of RPE cell proliferation and EMT to maintain retinal homeostasis. Transcriptome analysis using RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) revealed that AIM2 was significantly downregulated in primary human RPE (phRPE) cells undergoing EMT and proliferation. Consequently, Aim2-deficient mice showed morphological changes and increased FN expression in RPE cells under physiological conditions, whereas AIM2 overexpression in phRPE cells inhibited EMT. In a retinal detachment-induced PVR mouse model, AIM2 deficiency promotes RPE-EMT, resulting in severe experimental PVR. Clinical samples further confirmed the downregulation of AIM2 in the PVR membranes from patients. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome analysis revealed that the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway was significantly related to RPE-EMT and that AIM2 inhibited AKT activation in RPE cells by reducing its phosphorylation. Moreover, treatment with eye drops containing an AKT inhibitor alleviated RPE-EMT and the severity of experimental PVR. These findings provide new insights into the complex mechanisms underlying RPE-EMT and PVR pathogenesis, with implications for rational strategies for potential therapeutic applications in PVR by targeting RPE-EMT.
METTL1 coordinates cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma progression via the m7G modification of the ATF4 mRNA
Authors: Zhang Xinru , Chen Tong , Zhang Fanrong , Shi Huanhuan , Li Xiang , Wang Zhijuan , Wang Dong , Hou Chao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Methyltransferase-like 1 (METTL1)-mediated m7G modification is a common occurrence in various RNA species, including mRNAs, tRNAs, rRNAs, and miRNAs. Recent evidence suggests that this modification is linked to the development of several cancers, making it a promising target for cancer therapy. However, the specific role of m7G modification in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is not well understood. In this study, we observed conspicuously elevated levels of METTL1 in cSCC tumors and cell lines. Inhibiting METTL1 led to reduced survival, migration, invasion, and xenograft tumor growth in cSCC cells. Mechanistically, through a combination of RNA sequencing, m7G methylated immunoprecipitation (MeRIP)-qPCR, and mRNA stability assays, we discovered that METTL1 is responsible for the m7G modification of ATF4 mRNA, leading to increased expression of ATF4. Importantly, we demonstrated that this modification is dependent on the methyltransferase activity of METTL1. Additionally, we observed a positive association between ATF4 expression and METTL1 levels in cSCC tumors. Intriguingly, restoring ATF4 expression in cSCC cells not only promoted glycolysis but also reversed the anti-tumor effects of METTL1 knockdown. In conclusion, our results underscore the critical role of METTL1 and m7G modification in cSCC tumorigenesis, suggesting a promising target for future cSCC therapies.
Codes for entanglement-assisted classical communication
Authors: Prasad Tushita , Grassl Markus 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Entanglement-assisted classical communication (EACC) aims to enhance communication systems using entanglement as an additional resource. However, there is a scarcity of explicit protocols designed for finite transmission scenarios, which presents a challenge for real-world implementation. In response, we introduce a new EACC scheme capable of correcting a fixed number of erasures/errors. It can be adjusted to the available amount of entanglement and sends classical information over a quantum channel. We establish a general framework to accomplish such a task by reducing it to a classical problem. Comparing with specific bounds, we identify optimal parameter ranges. The scheme requires only the implementation of super-dense coding which has been demonstrated successfully in experiments. Furthermore, our results show that an adaptable entanglement use confers a communication advantage. Overall, our work sheds light on how entanglement can elevate various finite-length communication protocols, opening new avenues for exploration in the field.
Estimating future heat-related and cold-related mortality under climate change, demographic and adaptation scenarios in 854 European cities
Authors: Masselot Pierre , Mistry Malcolm N. , Rao Shilpa , Huber Veronika , Monteiro Ana , Samoli Evangelia , Stafoggia Massimo , de’Donato Francesca , Garcia-Leon David , Ciscar Juan-Carlos , Feyen Luc , Schneider Alexandra , Katsouyanni Klea , Vicedo-Cabrera Ana Maria , Aunan Kristin , Gasparrini Antonio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Previous health impact assessments of temperature-related mortality in Europe indicated that the mortality burden attributable to cold is much larger than for heat. Questions remain as to whether climate change can result in a net decrease in temperature-related mortality. In this study, we estimated how climate change could affect future heat-related and cold-related mortality in 854 European urban areas, under several climate, demographic and adaptation scenarios. We showed that, with no adaptation to heat, the increase in heat-related deaths consistently exceeds any decrease in cold-related deaths across all considered scenarios in Europe. Under the lowest mitigation and adaptation scenario (SSP3-7.0), we estimate a net death burden due to climate change increasing by 49.9% and cumulating 2,345,410 (95% confidence interval = 327,603 to 4,775,853) climate change-related deaths between 2015 and 2099. This net effect would remain positive even under high adaptation scenarios, whereby a risk attenuation of 50% is still insufficient to reverse the trend under SSP3-7.0. Regional differences suggest a slight net decrease of death rates in Northern European countries but high vulnerability of the Mediterranean region and Eastern Europe areas. Unless strong mitigation and adaptation measures are implemented, most European cities should experience an increase of their temperature-related mortality burden.
Optimizing key parameters for grinding energy efficiency and modeling of particle size distribution in a stirred ball mill
Authors: Elbendari Abdalla M. , Ibrahim Suzan S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Fine grinding using a stirred ball mill can enhance ore liberation but incurs high energy consumption, which can be minimized by optimizing operating conditions. This study explores the impact of key operational parameters—grinding time, stirrer tip speed, solid concentration, and feed size—on grinding efficiency, evaluated using specific energy inputs, in stirred milling of Egyptian copper ore. The particle size distribution (PSD) of ground products was simulated using the Gates–Gaudin-Schuhmann model (GGS) and the Rosin-Rammler-Benne (RRB) function. Taking minimum energy consumption into account, the finest particles (100% ~1 μm) were achieved at the maximum stirrer speed of 500 rpm and a moderate solid concentration of 33.3% after 17 h of grinding, consuming approximately 1225 kWh/t. Experimental data demonstrated a linear correlation between the natural logarithm of the cumulative retained fraction and particle size (µm). The proposed model accurately describes PSDs across different solid concentrations and grinding durations.
Modelling of P-wave velocity changes in coal seams with increased depth: a case study
Authors: Łapczyński Maciej , Pilecki Zenon , Krawiec Krzysztof , Słomian Artur , Pilecka Elżbieta , Łątka Tomasz 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Seismic profiling in a coal seam enables the determination of anomalous changes in the P-wave velocity compared to reference velocity at a specific mining depth, indicating potential stress changes. This information can improve the coal exploitation processes in advance at greater depths, especially in seismic hazard areas. This study aims to update the empirical mathematical formula for calculating reference P-wave velocities in coal seams by including new data measured at greater depths. The research was performed at the Zofiówka Coal Mine in the geological and mining conditions of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin in Poland. The analysis involved the study of 276 velocity values including 24 new velocity values measured at depths ranging from 704 to 1073 metres in the period 2009–2024. Through regression analysis, the standard model was modified. The new model provides more reliable velocity anomaly calculations and accurately reflects the geomechanical conditions at greater depths in the Zofiówka Coal Mine. The calculation procedure can be utilised to develop velocity models for various geological and geomechanical conditions in underground mines that exploit coal seams at continuously increasing depths.
Knowledge of gym goers on myths and truths in resistance training
Authors: Unger Alexandra , Mosgan Clemens , Wolte Christofer , Pettauer Sara , Wilke Jan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Over the last decades, resistance training (RT) has experienced a surge in popularity, and compelling evidence underpins its beneficial effects on health, well-being, and performance. However, sports and exercise research findings may translate poorly into practice. This study investigated the knowledge of Austrian gym-goers regarding common myths and truths in RT. Based on topical systematic reviews (n = 45), a digital questionnaire with 14 statements on RT methods and practices, randomly phrased as myths or truths, was administered to Austrians exercising in local fitness centres. Chi-squared tests were used to check if a majority correctly identified true and false statements. A total of n = 721 (30.1 ± 14 years, 454 males) out of n = 790 contacted individuals completed the survey (response rate: 91.2 percent). Five out of fourteen statements (truth: protein augments strength and hypertrophy, creatine augments strength, superiority of full- vs. partial-ROM RT for hypertrophy; myth: RT reduces flexibility, low-load, high-volume RT is as effective as high-load RT with regard to maximal strength) were identified correctly by a majority (p < .01). The awareness of the scientific evidence on RT is low among gym-goers. Upcoming studies should be geared to improve science communication.
A first principles study of convection cells to shear flow instability in 2D Yukawa liquids driven by Reynolds stress
Authors: Kaur Pawandeep , Ganesh Rajaraman 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The stability of kinetic-level convection cells (wherein the magnitude of macroscopic and microscopic velocities are of same order) is studied in a two-dimensional Yukawa liquid under the effect of microscopic velocity perturbations. Our numerical experiments demonstrate that for a given system aspect ratio
$$\beta$$
viz., the ratio of system length
$$L_x$$
to its height
$$L_y$$
and number of convective rolls initiated
$$N_c$$
, the fate of the convective cells is decided by
$$\beta _c = \beta /N_c$$
. For
$$\beta _c < 1$$
, Reynolds stress is found to be self-consistently generated and sustained, which results in tilting of convection cells, eventually leading to shear flow generation, whereas for
$$\beta _c \ge 1$$
, parallel shear flow is found to be untenable. An unambiguous quantitative connection between Reynolds stress and the onset of shear flow using particle-level data is established without free parameters. The growth rate of the instability, the role of frictional forces, generalization of our findings and the possibility of realizing the same in experiments are also discussed.
Thermophysical analysis of time-dependent magnetized Casson hybrid nanofluid flow (Cu + GO/Kerosene Oil) using Darcy-Forchheimer and thermal radiative models for industrial cooling applications
Authors: Alharbi Amal F. , Mohammad Fida , Usman Muhammad , Khan Naseem , Abushiba Walid 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper presents an in-depth analytical investigation into the time-dependent flow of a Casson hybrid nanofluid over a radially stretching sheet. The study introduces the effects of magnetic fields and thermal radiation, along with velocity and thermal slip, to model real-world systems for enhancing heat transfer in critical industrial applications. The hybrid nanofluid consists of three nanoparticles—Copper and Graphene Oxide—suspended in Kerosene Oil, selected for their stable and superior thermal properties. The theory of Darcy-Forchheimer, along with the suction and injection effect, is applied to refine the flow behaviour and enhance heat transfer efficiency. The governing nonlinear equations are solved using the Homotopy Analysis Method to provide a robust framework for solution accuracy. The graphical and tabulated results demonstrated that hybrid nanofluid outperforms mono and Casson hybrid nanofluids. The result shows that, at a nanoparticle volume concentration of 0.03, the Casson hybrid nanofluid showed a remarkable 19.99% increase in heat transfer, compared to 14.80% for simple nanofluid. The magnetic parameter and thermal radiation parameter further amplify thermal conductivity. This research provided a critical insight into optimizing thermal management systems for advanced engineering applications, positioning hybrid nanofluid as highly effective solutions for next-generation cooling technologies.
Photophysics of O-band and transition metal color centers in monolithic silicon for quantum communications
Authors: Sarihan Murat Can , Huang Jiahui , Kang Jin Ho , Fan Cody , Liu Wei , Azizur-Rahman Khalifa M. , Liang Baolai , Wong Chee Wei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Color centers in the O-band (1260–1360 nm) are crucial for realizing long-coherence quantum network nodes in memory-assisted quantum communications. However, only a limited number of O-band color centers have been thoroughly explored in silicon hosts as spin-photon interfaces. This study explores and compares two promising O-band color centers in silicon for high-fidelity spin-photon interfaces: T and *Cu (transition metal) centers. During T center generation process, we observed the formation and dissolution of other color centers, including the copper-silver related centers with a doublet line around 1312 nm (*

$${{{\rm{Cu}}}}_{n}^{0}$$

Cu

n

0

), near the optical fiber zero dispersion wavelength (around 1310 nm). We then investigated the photophysics of both T and *Cu centers, focusing on their emission spectra and spin properties. The *

$${{{\rm{Cu}}}}_{0}^{0}$$

Cu

0

0

line under a 0.5 T magnetic field demonstrated a 25% broadening, potentially due to spin degeneracy, suggesting that this center can be a promising alternative to T centers.
Nonvolatile current-induced topological charge imbalance of magnetic textures
Authors: Wang Shangyuan , Qiu Lei , Shen Ka 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The topological charge of magnetic solitons gives rise to characteristic Hall-type effects, which allows to recognize the nontrivial topology of the spin textures, such as skyrmions or antiskyrmions. The selective manipulation of topological magnetic textures with different topological charges could substantially enrich potential applications but remains largely elusive. Here, we report an electrical control of net topological charge in a magnetic film hosting both skyrmions and antiskyrmions at finite magnetic field or bimerons and antibimerons at zero field, where their distinct responses to the current-induced torques result in a nonvolatile imbalance between the two oppositely charged topological textures. Both the magnitude and the sign of the resulting topological charge are found to be controllable efficiently by adjusting the orientation of the driving current with and without magnetic field. Our findings open the way to the on-demand manipulation of topological spin textures and provide more opportunities for designing spin-texture-based multifunctional devices.
Water industry strategies to manufacture doubt and deflect blame for sewage pollution in England
Authors: Ford Alex T. , Singer Andrew C. , Hammond Peter , Woodward Jamie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The water and sewerage companies (WaSCs) in England are majority-owned by a range of global investors. The industry is under intense scrutiny for widespread failure in its environmental performance, discharging 12.7 million monitored hours of untreated wastewater and sewage into English waterways between 2019 and the end of 2023. At the time of writing, multiple investigations by environmental and financial regulators are in progress, and regulatory oversight is under review by the recently formed Office for Environmental Protection. While limited monitoring hid the full extent of underperformance, we argue that the WaSCs have prolonged this environmental disaster through strategies that mirror those of other large polluting industries in the past. We test this hypothesis for the nine major WaSCs in England against a published framework of 28 ‘greenwashing/deception’ tactics of large industries. We identified 22 of these tactics that could be seen as disinformation, greenwashing and manufacturing doubt. The financial exploitation of water resources in England, alongside long-term degradation of infrastructure and ineffective regulation, raises globally important issues around water security, ethics and environmental stewardship. Much greater scrutiny of both industry performance and industry communication is required.
A primer on current status and future opportunities of clinical optoacoustic imaging
Authors: Knieling Ferdinand , Lee Serene , Ntziachristos Vasilis 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Despite its introduction in the 1970’s, it is only recent technology advances that have propelled growth in clinical optoacoustic (photoacoustic) imaging over the past decade. We analytically present the broad landscape of clinical optoacoustic applications in the context of these key technology advances, the unique contrast achieved, and the tissue biomarkers resolved. We then discuss current challenges and future opportunities to address the unmet clinical needs.
The BLM-TOP3A-RMI1-RMI2 proximity map reveals that RAD54L2 suppresses sister chromatid exchanges
Authors: Ho Jung Jennifer , Cheng Edith , Wong Cassandra J , St-Germain Jonathan R , Dunham Wade H , Raught Brian , Gingras Anne-Claude , Brown Grant W 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Homologous recombination is a largely error-free DNA repair mechanism conserved across all domains of life and is essential for the maintenance of genome integrity. Not only are the mutations in homologous recombination repair genes probable cancer drivers, some also cause genetic disorders. In particular, mutations in the Bloom (BLM) helicase cause Bloom Syndrome, a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by increased sister chromatid exchanges and predisposition to a variety of cancers. The pathology of Bloom Syndrome stems from the impaired activity of the BLM-TOP3A-RMI1-RMI2 (BTRR) complex which suppresses crossover recombination to prevent potentially deleterious genome rearrangements. We provide a comprehensive BTRR proximal proteome, revealing proteins that suppress crossover recombination. We find that RAD54L2, a SNF2-family protein, physically interacts with BLM and suppresses sister chromatid exchanges. RAD54L2 is important for recruitment of BLM to chromatin and requires an intact ATPase domain to promote non-crossover recombination. Thus, the BTRR proximity map identifies a regulator of recombination.