bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vestibular Schwannoma
Authors: Sahoo Soumick Ranjan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Vestibular schwannoma is a tumor of vestibulocochlear nerve and is a rare intracranial tumor. The presenting complaints of a 57-year-old man who had been referred to the ENT outpatient department from a primary care provider for evaluation and management of left side vestibular schwannoma discovered on computerized tomography scan brain were insidious onset of hearing loss for the last 4 years, headache for the last 1 year which has worsened for the last 2 months and associated with vomiting episodes, along with imbalance while walking. The patient’s symptoms, tumor size, growth rate, age, and life expectancy determine the treatment of vestibular schwannoma. The above patient was advised surgery along with magnetic resonance imaging brain and preoperative investigations which the patient has agreed to do at a higher referral center of his choice.
Lamina Cribrosa Thickness in Patients with Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Cross Sectional Comparative Evaluation Using Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Bhardwaj Rahul , Dhawan Aeshvarya , Vats Vatsala , Gupta Priyanka , Singh Anupam , Tomar Nidhi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is one of the most common causes of retinal vascular disease, second to diabetic retinopathy. We aimed to compare the lamina cribrosa thickness (LCT) of patients with unilateral branch RVO (BRVO) versus healthy individuals.

Materials and Methods:
This was a hospital-based, prospective, cross-sectional, and comparative study. Participants were newly diagnosed RVO cases (n = 25) and apparently normal age-matched healthy controls (n = 25). All the participants underwent systemic and comprehensive ophthalmic examination, including refraction and enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography. Relevant parameters were compared between the groups using the independent t-test. Statistical significance thresholds were set at a P < 0.05.

Results:
The mean age of cases (66.7% female) and controls (52% female) was 55.9 ± 7.4 and 59.4 ± 7.0 years, respectively, (P = 0.089). The mean LCT of the affected eyes in cases (176.6 ± 28.3 μm) was significantly lower compared to the unaffected eyes of cases (200.6 ± 33.1 μm, P = 0.008) and control eye (230.9 ± 36.9 μm, P = 0.001).

Conclusions:
A thinner lamina cribrosa (LC) was observed in both eyes of unilateral RVO patients compared with healthy, nonglaucomatous subjects’ eyes. The role of LCT as a local mechanical factor in the pathogenesis of BRVO and their relationship to systemic factors merits further investigation.
The Effects of Prolonged Use of Caffeine on Thyroid and Adrenal Glands: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Upadrasta Vasishtha A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Caffeine consumption has skyrocketed in recent decades as we try to match the pace with the machines. Studies have been conducted on animals and a few on humans, mainly on the acute effects of high-dose caffeine intake. Almost none have been conducted on the chronic effects of caffeine consumption. This study involved medical professionals as case subjects, who consumed caffeine daily.

Methods:
This study, for 3 months, involved 96 volunteers (chosen randomly w.r.t. gender and field in the medical fraternity), including people who drank >500 mg of caffeine a day and people who consumed none. People with any comorbidities at all were excluded straight away. Two sets of blood samples were drawn and assessed. Three groups were created: group 1 (>200 mg caffeine/day), group 2 (15–200 mg caffeine/day) and group 3 (<200 mg caffeine/day).

Results:
The result of the study found that exposure to caffeine at doses >200 mg/day for more than 6 months leads to a significant difference in circulating free T3 ((-0.96 pmol/L ± 0.07) = (-18.5%), 95% confidence interval (CI), P = .000024) and cortisol ((-123 nmol/L ± 9.8) = (-46.8%), 95% CI, P = .00029) hormones but shows an insignificant effect on circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (0.4 mIU/L, 95% CI, P = .37) and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) ((-3.2 pg/ml ± 0.3), 95% CI, P = .53) hormones, which stay within normal physiological ranges, irrespective of the daily dose of consumption. Results also highlight that women are more susceptible to a decrement in fT3 than men (relative risk = 1.58, analysis of variance (ANOVA) F-static = 7.15, P = 0.0105).

Conclusions:
Caffeine consumption in excess of 200 mg/day, for more than or equal to 6 months, causes significant derangement in basal fT3 and cortisol hormone levels, without affecting the TSH and ACTH (regulatory) hormone levels, indicating disturbance of action at the peripheral and/or cellular levels, possibly via the paraventricular nucleus (PVN)–leptin–CAR–adenosine interactions. Women are more susceptible to a decrement in fT3 levels than men (at the same dose of caffeine).
Genetic diversity and population structure of Turkish Aseel chickens
Authors: Bulut F.T. Ozbaser , Ozsensoy Y. , Kocakaya A. , Ozkul B. Yuceer , Ozbeyaz C. 
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity, maternal origin, and population structure of Turkish Aseel chickens. The research was conducted on Aseel roosters and chicks older than one year. DNA was extracted from 96 Turkish Aseel feather samples collected from various regions of Türkiye for the study. Sample DNAs were amplified using specific primers for the D-loop region of the chicken mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The sequences were produced using the amplified DNA samples. The mtDNA D-loop regions were compared with the sequences of the same genetic area from other chicken breeds. Turkish Aseel chickens provided 34 haplotypes and 18 genuine polymorphisms across 41 distinct regions that were particular to the breed. According to the findings of the phylogenetic tree, Turkish Aseel chickens tend to establish clusters of haplogroups among themselves. Although most Turkish Aseel samples clustered individually into three clades, at least one sample has been discovered with five distinct clades. According to the phylogenetic tree and the Median Joining Network, it can be concluded that while many of the haplogroups of Turkish Aseel cluster among themselves, they have diverse maternal origins and lack breed-specific maternal lineages. This research is the first extensive study to examine genetic variability in Turkish Aseel chickens. Considering the lack of similar data on other Aseel varieties raised in different counties, the current work is a pioneering study with data on the genetic characterization of the Aseel breed.
Modelo de socavación para muros de contención cimentados cauces, caso de estudio en el Río Cuale, en Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, México
Authors: Magaña Jesús Vázquez , Parra Miguel Ángel Jaime , Mariles Edgar Alejandro Barrón , Salinas Ramón Del Muro , Magaña María de Lourdes Vázquez 
Published: February 2024

El Río Cuale es una corriente que cruza la zona Sur de la ciudad de Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, México, existen asentamientos urbanos y comerciales, en sus dos márgenes, algunas de ellas invaden el cauce, a partir del Nivel de Aguas Máximo Ordinarias (México, 2000). La cuenca del Río Cuale ha sido afectada por diversos huracanes, de forma recurrente, y, es por ello, que se demanda contar con modelos de socavación confiables, que permitan el desarrollo de cimentaciones con niveles de desplante, que oferten seguridad a la infraestructura construida, el presente trabajo, plantea el análisis hidrológico, hidráulico y de socavación por varios métodos, de un tramo del citado Río, estableciendo puntos de monitoreo en una estructura diseñada y construida para los resultados de socavación obtenidos, dicha obra ha sido expuesta a tres eventos extraordinarios en los últimos dos años, situación que permite la valoración de los modelos de socavación y el establecimiento de criterios de construcción de estructuras similares en dicha zona.
Implementasi Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota Nomor 4 Tahun 2020 Tentang Pencegahan, Penanggulangan Bahaya Kebakaran dan Pelayanan Non Kebakaran
Authors: Fadhila Putri , Yusran Rahmadani , Alhadi Zikri , Permana Iip 
Published: February 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini yakni mengkaji “implementasi Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota Nomor 4 Tahun 2020 mengenai Pencegahan, Penanggulangan Bahaya Kebakaran dan Pelayanan Non Kebakaran.” Jenis penelitian ini yakni kualitatif deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan dengan observasi, wawancara, serta dokumentasi dari informan. Analisis data penelitian ini yakni teknik reduksi, penyajian serta penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, “Implementasi Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota Nomor 4 Tahun 2020 tentang Pencegahan, Penanggulangan Bahaya Kebakaran dan Pelayanan Non Kebakaran”, belum terlaksana dengan semestinya. Hal ini dikarenakan beberapa permasalahan, diantaranya yaitu terbatasnya sumber daya keuangan, terbatasnya sarana dan prasarana, serta kesadaran masyarakat yang masih rendah dalam pencegahan serta penanggulangan bahaya kebakaran. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan supaya pemerintah daerah lebih memperhatikan alokasi dana untuk dinas pemadam kebakaran sehingga memiliki anggaran yang cukup sebagai penunjang dalam pengadaan sarana dan prasarana, penambahan sumberdaya manusia, dan pelaksanaan kegiatan sosialisasi guna meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG BỆNH LAO MÀNG NÃO Ở NGƯỜI LỚN NHIỄM HIV/AIDS
Authors: Trần Văn Giang , Nguyễn Quốc Phương , Bùi Vũ Huy , Lê Ngọc Hưng 
Published: February 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng bệnh lao màng não ở người lớn nhiễm HIV/AIDS. Đối tượng & phương pháp: mô tả cắt ngang, hồi cứu kết hợp tiến cứu trên 56 bệnh nhân HIV/AIDS được chẩn đoán là lao màng não (LMN) điều trị tại Bệnh viện Bệnh Nhiệt đới Trung ương và Bệnh viện phổi Trung ương từ tháng 1/2011 đến 7/2016. Kết quả: nhóm tuổi 30 - 40 (66,1%), nam giới (86%), sốt (80,4%), đau đầu (94,5%), buồn nôn và nôn (80,4%), cổ cứng 76,4%, gầy sút cân (66,1%), rối loạn tâm thần 55,4%, ý thức từ li bì đến hôn mê 55,4%, rối loạn cơ tròn 32,1%, co giật 14,3% và liệt thần kinh khu trú (từ 1,8 – 8,9%). DNT: màu vàng (64,3%), áp lực tăng (90,9%). Nồng độ protein trung bình 2,38 ±1,85 g ( tăng trên 1g là 86,8%), đường giảm (89,3%). Số lượng tế bào trung bình là 433 ± 429 tế bào (> 100 tế bào/ml là 88,6%). Kết quả nuôi cấy (+) là 67,6% và PCR (+) là 90,7%. Chẩn đoán hình ảnh: 54% có tổn thương trên phim X quang, trong đó tổn thương dạng nốt 51,9%, tràn dịch màng phổi 14,8%, lao kê 11,1%. Trên phim chụp MRI sọ não 83,9% có bất thường, trong đó nhồi máu não (30,8%), phù não (38,5%), giãn não thất (26,9%). Xét nghiệm máu: 78,6% có suy giảm miễn dịch nặng CD4 dưới 200
Cabozantinib (Cabometyx)
Authors: CADTH  
Published: February 2024

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.
The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.
This review assesses:

Cabozantinib (Cabometyx): 40 mg once daily, oral tablet
Nivolumab (Opdivo): 240 mg every 2 weeks, 30-minute IV infusion, or 480 mg every 4 weeks, 30-minute IV infusion.

Indication: Cabozantinib, in combination with nivolumab, is indicated for the first-line treatment of adult patients with advanced (not amenable to curative surgery or radiation therapy) or metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Glaciers determine the sensitivity of hydrological processes to perturbed climate in a large mountainous basin on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Nan Yi , Tian Fuqiang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The major rivers on the Tibetan Plateau supply important freshwater resources to riparian regions but have been undergoing significant climate change in recent decades. Understanding the sensitivities of hydrological processes to climate change is important for water resource management, but large divergences exist in previous studies because of the uncertainties of hydrological models and climate projection data. Meanwhile, the spatial pattern of local hydrological sensitivities was poorly explored despite the strong heterogeneity on the Tibetan Plateau. This study adopted the climate perturbation method to analyze the hydrological sensitivities of a typical large mountainous basin (Yarlung Tsangpo River, YTR) to climate change. We utilized the tracer-aided hydrological model Tsinghua Representative Elementary Watershed-Tracer-aided version (THREW-T) to simulate the hydrological and cryospheric processes in the YTR basin. Multiple datasets and internal stations were used to validate the model to provide confidence in the baseline simulation and the sensitivity analysis. Results indicated that (1) the THREW-T model performed well in simulating the streamflow, snow cover area (SCA), glacier mass balance (GMB) and stream water isotope, ensuring good representation of the key cryospheric processes and a reasonable estimation of the runoff components. The model performed acceptably in simulating the streamflow at eight internal stations located in the mainstream and two major tributaries, indicating that the spatial pattern of hydrological processes was reflected by the model. (2) Increasing temperature led to decreasing annual runoff, smaller inter-annual variation, more even intra-annual distribution and an earlier maximum runoff. It also influenced the runoff regime by increasing the contributions of rainfall and glacier melt overland runoff but decreasing the subsurface runoff and snowmelt overland runoff. Increasing precipitation had the opposite effect to increasing temperature. (3) The local runoff change in response to increasing temperature varied significantly, with a changing rate of −18.6 % to 54.3 % for 5∘ of warming. The glacier area ratio (GAR) was the dominant factor in the spatial pattern of hydrological sensitivities to both perturbed temperature and precipitation. Some regions had a non-monotonic runoff change rate in response to climate perturbation, which represented the most dynamic regions within the basin, as they kept shifting between energy- and water-limited stages. The GAR and mean annual precipitation (MAP) of the non-monotonic regions had a linear relation and formed the boundary of regions with different runoff trends in the GAR–MAP plot.
Reading Field Diaries against the Grain: The Notable and the Absent in Syrian Archaeology
Authors: Baird J. A. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Before standardized context forms, before section drawing, and before photography, archaeology was recorded in field notebooks. Field diaries are perhaps the archetypal archaeological document both in the field and in the archive, and they persist in various contemporary forms as a key means of recording. Based on archaeological field diaries made in Syria during the French Mandate, in particular those of Clark Hopkins at Dura-Europos and Harald Ingholt at Palmyra, this article looks to the inclusions, elisions, and absences in archaeological field notebooks and asks whether it might be possible to reexamine the history of Mandate-era archaeology in Syria through them.
Unsettled Responsibilities: Antiquity, Resistance, and Rubble in Mandate Palestine
Authors: Irving Sarah 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
The 1927 Jericho earthquake caused widespread damage across Palestine and Transjordan, both ruled at the time by Britain. The worst-hit city was Nablus, where the Old City’s historic buildings became a field for conflict. Drawing on G. Gordillo’s differentiation between ruins and rubble and his analysis of colonial anxiety, power, and oppression, this article considers local and colonial reactions and competition over the material heritage of Nablus, particularly in the city’s Samaritan Quarter and the Crusader wall of the Great Mosque. Entangled in these are definitions of antiquity and ideas of archaeological value for the Ottoman and British rulers of Palestine. Decisions made and contested in Nablus and Jerusalem highlight the fine line between ruin and rubble, the mechanisms by which the mandatory administration sought to tame the built environment and indigenous communities of Nablus, and the way their confrontations reverberated in the city’s rebellious history and insurrectionary future.
Where grief education goes to die? A response to making learning about grief, death, and loss mandatory in Scotland’s Curriculum for Excellence
Authors: Scholes Stephen C 
Published: February 2024

This rapid response raises challenges to Dawson et al’s (2023) recent proposals for mandatory grief education in schools; in particular, it considers curriculum crowding, the limitations of legal mandates and initial-teacher education. It proposes collaborative working between specialist groups as a way forward.
The limits of the decision of the president of the court on a challenge to the calculations of the court-ordered debt payment
Authors: Neves Ana Carolina de Carvalho 
Published: February 2024

The essence of the work is to discuss the constitutionality of article 3, item IV, of Resolution nº. 303, of December 18, 2019 of the National Council of Justice, which authorizes the presidents of the courts to decide on challenges to the calculations of the court-ordered debt payment.
Determinants of employee performance viewed from the aspect of management strategy: Motivation and work discipline
Authors: Mukrodi Mukrodi , Sarwani Sarwani 
Published: February 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of motivation and discipline on employee performance at PT PLN. Quantitative research methods were used, with 85 respondents selected through sampling. Data was collected through questionnaires and analyzed using instrument tests, classical assumptions, multiple regression, coefficient of determination, and partial and simultaneous hypothesis testing with SPSS 26. The results show that motivation and discipline have a significant effect on the performance of PT.PLN employees. Simultaneously, both positively and significantly impact employee performance, with a coefficient of determination reaching 60.9%, while other factors influence 39.1%. The research concludes that motivation significantly increases employee productivity and performance at PT. PLN. Management can design motivation programs, such as financial incentives, career development, training, or work environment improvement. Discipline also has a positive effect, so it is necessary to develop policies that support and increase employee discipline levels through training and an effective reward and sanction system.
Furthermore, the findings show that the combination of discipline and motivation positively impacts employee work results. Therefore, management needs to consider these two aspects to improve overall performance. Development programs that support discipline and motivation can be an effective strategy for achieving company performance goals.
Common oral mucosal lesions
Authors: Bankvall Maria , Dabelsteen Erik , Holmstrup Palle , Johannessen Anne Christine , Jontell Mats , Neppelberg Evelyn , Rautava Jaana 
Published: February 2024

Headlines
All general dental practitioners experience common oral mucosal diseases in their practice.
Once a correct diagnosis of the oral lesion is established, it is possible to acquire information about management strategies through different information sources.
Nouvelles données pour la connaissance des environnements sommitaux : étude archéologique des marcairies du Rossberg (68) et perspectives interdisciplinaires
Authors: Wissenberg Lucie 
Published: February 2024

Deux interventions archéologiques ont été effectuées en 2019 et 2020 sur la chaume du Rossberg (68) à l’emplacement des vestiges de deux marcairies modernes. La mise au jour des restes de ces bâtiments regroupant des activités pastorales de moyenne montagne apporte de nouvelles données sur l’architecture d’estive pour la période moderne. En sollicitant une approche volontairement interdisciplinaire pour questionner les environnements de moyenne montagne, l’ensemble a permis de produire une analyse globale des modalités d’occupation des sommets et de discerner une transition dans les pratiques constructives au tournant des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles.
Historic characteristics and mortality of patients in the Swiss Amyloidosis Registry
Authors: Brouwers Sofie , Heimgartner Raphael , Laptseva Natallia , Aguzzi Adriano , Ehl Niklas F. , Fehr Thomas , Hitz Felicitas , Jung Hans H. , Kälin Joel , Manz Markus G. , Müllhaupt Beat , Ruschitzka Frank , Seeger Harald , Stussi Georg , Zweier Markus , Flammer Andreas J. , Gerber Bernhard , Schwotzer Rahel 
Published: February 2024

AIMS OF THE STUDY: Systemic amyloidoses are rare protein-folding diseases with heterogeneous, often nonspecific clinical presentations. To better understand systemic amyloidoses and to apply state-of-the-art diagnostic pathways and treatment, the interdisciplinary Amyloidosis Network was founded in 2013 at University Hospital Zurich. In this respect, a registry was implemented to study the characteristics and life expectancy of patients with amyloidosis within the area covered by the network. Patient data were collected retrospectively for the period 2005–2014 and prospectively from 2015 onwards.
METHODS: Patients aged 18 years or older diagnosed with any subtype of systemic amyloidosis were eligible for inclusion if they were treated in one of the four referring centres (Zurich, Chur, St Gallen, Bellinzona). Baseline data were captured at the time of diagnosis. Follow-up data were assessed half-yearly for the first two years, then annually.
RESULTS: Between January 2005 and March 2020, 247 patients were screened, and 155 patients with confirmed systemic amyloidosis were included in the present analysis. The most common amyloidosis type was light-chain (49.7%, n = 77), followed by transthyretin amyloidosis (40%, n = 62) and amyloid A amyloidosis (5.2%, n = 8). Most patients (61.9%, n = 96) presented with multiorgan involvement. Nevertheless, single organ involvement was seen in all types of amyloidosis, most commonly in amyloid A amyloidosis (75%, n = 6).
The median observation time of the surviving patients was calculated by the reverse Kaplan-Meier method and was 3.29 years (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.33–4.87); it was 4.87 years (95% CI 3.14–7.22) in light-chain amyloidosis patients and 1.85 years (95% CI 1.48–3.66) in transthyretin amyloidosis patients, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 87.0% (95% CI 79.4–95.3%), 68.5% (95% CI 57.4–81.7%) and 66.0% (95% CI 54.6–79.9%) respectively for light-chain amyloidosis patients and 91.2% (95% CI 83.2–99.8%), 77.0% (95% CI 63.4–93.7%) and 50.6% (95% CI 31.8–80.3%) respectively for transthyretin amyloidosis patients. There was no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.81).
CONCLUSION: During registry set-up, a more comprehensive work-up of our patients suffering mainly from light-chain amyloidosis and transthyretin amyloidosis was implemented. Survival rates were remarkably high and similar between light-chain amyloidosis and transthyretin amyloidosis, a finding which was noted in similar historic registries of international centres. However, further studies are needed to depict morbidity and mortality as the amyloidosis landscape is changing rapidly.