bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elementally Doped Carbonized Polymer Dots: Control of Optical Properties and Their Versatile Applications
Authors: Fu Qiang , Ma Zhimeng , Sun Shouhong , Zhang Kailin , Zhan Yi , Liu Dongya 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCarbonized polymer dots (CPDs) are a class of luminescent nanomaterials formed through cross‐linking and polymerization. Owing to their excellent biocompatibility, ease of synthesis, good aqueous dispersion, high chemical stability, unique cross‐linking structure, and modifiable surface properties, CPDs have attracted significant attention. However, pure CPDs exhibit certain limitations in terms of optical performance, particularly in terms of fluorescence intensity, phosphorescence intensity, and emission wavelength tunability, which may not meet the requirements of specific applications. To address these limitations, doping CPDs with various elements, such as nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), and phosphorus (P) to modify their band structure and surface functionalization can significantly enhance their optical properties and photochemical stability, thereby expanding their application potential. This paper reviews the main synthesis methods for elementally doped CPDs, examines the effects of different types of elemental doping on their photochemical properties, and explores promising applications in optoelectronic devices, sensors, and catalysis. Finally, recent advancements in elementally doped CPDs are summarized, along with future development directions and challenges.
CO2 in Ionene–Ionic Liquid Composite Membranes
Authors: Chen Ying , Nguyen Manh‐Thuong , Yao Jennifer , Han Kee Sung , Ravula Sudhir , Zhang Mingyi , Xia Ying , Walter Eric D. , Bazak J. David , Young Robert P. , Zhu Zihua , Bara Jason E. , Washton Nancy M. , Heldebrant David J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIonene – ionic liquid (IL) composites are promising materials for CO2 separation, yet a molecular‐level understanding of their structure and its impact on CO2 speciation, solubility, rotation, and diffusivity remains unclear. Herein, using multimodal nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we reveal that the composites contain IL‐rich domains extending across hundreds of nanometres within the ionene matrix, and these bicontinuous domains span the entire membrane depth. CO2 also absorbs into the ionene matrix, with the distribution between two CO2 species varying with temperature and time. The rotational correlation times of these two species are on the timescale of 0.1 and 1 ns, respectively. As IL content increases, the ionic domains expand, resulting in higher CO2 solubility due to enhanced molecular dynamics and increased free volume in both ionene backbones and IL‐rich regions. Although CO2 diffusion in the membranes is an order of magnitude slower than in bulk IL, the activation energy for CO2 diffusion remains comparable. Ionene‐IL composites represent a promising platform for designing CO2 separation membranes, offering enhanced CO2diffusion and selectivity through IL‐rich domains, and increased CO2 solubility and mechanical integrity from the ionene matrix.
Advances in the Energy‐Saving Electro‐Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Ren Yujie , Fan Shilin , Yu Xiao , Shi Shaoqi , Wang Jinggang , Zeng Jia , Zhang Jian , Chen Chunlin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAs a pivotal bio‐based building block, 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) holds immense and broad application potential in the chemistry industry. Its polymeric derivative, polyethylene furandicarboxylate (PEF), emerges as an appealing alternative to conventional petroleum‐based polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The electrochemical route for oxidizing 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) into FDCA presents significant advantages over the thermochemical processes, without the requirements of high temperature, high pressure, chemical oxidants, and precious metal catalysts, featuring higher energy efficiency. Furthermore, the electrosynthesis of FDCA at the anode can be synergistically integrated with selective reduction reactions at the cathode, enabling the simultaneous production of two desirable value‐added products and further enhancing overall energy utilization efficiency. This work reviews the advancements in electrocatalytic HMF to FDCA (EHTF), encompassing catalyst design, reaction mechanisms, coupling strategies, and reactor configurations. It also indicates the challenges and opportunities of EHTF and provides insights into the future development directions.
The Environmental Impact of Medical Imaging Agents and the Roadmap to Sustainable Medical Imaging
Authors: Pichler Verena , Martinho Ricardo P. , Temming Lisanne , Segers Tim , Wurm Frederik R. , Koshkina Olga 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMedical imaging agents, i.e., contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and radiopharmaceuticals, play a vital role in the diagnosis of diseases. Yet, they mostly contain harmful and non‐biodegradable substances, such as per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), heavy metals or radionuclides. As a result of their increasing clinical use, these agents are entering various water bodies and soil, posing risks to environment and human health. Here, the environmental effects of the application of imaging agents are outlined for the major imaging modalities, and the respective chemistry of the contrast agents with environmental implications is linked. Recommendations are introduced for the design and application of contrast agents: the 3Cs of imaging agents: control, change, and combine; and recent approaches for more sustainable imaging strategies are highlighted. This combination of measures should engage an open discussion, inspire solutions to reduce pollution by imaging agents, and increase awareness for the impact of toxic waste related to imaging agents.
Microglial cGAS Deletion Preserves Intercellular Communication and Alleviates Amyloid‐β‐Induced Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: He Sijia , Li Xin , Mittra Namrata , Bhattacharjee Anindita , Wang Hu , Song Shujie , Zhao Shangang , Liu Feng , Han Xianlin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractInnate immune activation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD). The cytosolic DNA sensing pathway, involving cGAMP synthase (cGAS) and Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING), has emerged as a key mediator of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the precise mechanisms through which cGAS activation influences AD progression remain poorly understood. In this study, we observed significant up‐regulation of cGAS‐STING signaling pathway in AD. Notably, this increase is primarily attributed to microglia, rather than non‐microglial cell types. Using an inducible, microglia‐specific cGAS knockout mouse model in the 5xFAD background, we demonstrated that deleting microglial cGAS at the onset of amyloid‐β (Aβ) pathology profoundly restricts plaque accumulation and protects mice from Aβ‐induced cognitive impairment. Mechanistically, our study revealed cGAS promotes plaque‐associated microglia accumulation and is essential for inflammasome activation. Moreover, we showed that restricting cGAS‐mediated innate immunity is crucial for preserving inter‐cellular communication in the brain and induces pleiotrophin, a neuroprotective factor. These findings offer novel insights into the specific roles of the innate immune system in AD employing a cell‐type‐specific approach. The conclusions provide a foundation for targeted interventions to modulate the microglial cGAS‐STING signaling pathway, offering promising therapeutic strategy for AD treatment.
Leveraging community psychology to counter harmful policies and foster well‐being in migrant children
Authors: Olson Bradley D. , Chávez Noé Rubén , Kamplain Caleb J. , Russell Jordan Tackett 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHarmful child detention and deportation policies, along with dehumanizing migrant narratives, are part of a global pattern of systemic oppression targeting people on the move. This paper reviews the psychological harms experienced by migrant children caused by detention, separation, and deportation, critiquing the limitations of trauma‐focused, individual therapeutic approaches often adopted by service‐oriented fields. Community psychology principles are presented as an alternative framework, emphasizing ecological and systemic approaches to design more just and humane immigration policies at societal, organizational, and community levels. The paper explores evidence of harm, the strengths and limitations of therapeutic approaches, and harmful policies such as Trump's zero‐tolerance policy and emerging US deportation plans. It also highlights positive frameworks, including the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, such as organizational policies and legal standards centered on the child's best interests. Using a social‐ecological lens, the paper examines harmful policies that escalate risks, stressors, and barriers and highlights humane and protective factors. The authors examine how community psychology challenges oppressive systems, promotes community‐based alternatives, and amplifies the voices of migrant children and families. These efforts underscore the transformative potential of community psychology in addressing immigration injustices through collective action and systemic change.
A Preliminary Investigation of Associations Between Traumatic Events Experienced During Pregnancy and Salivary Diurnal Cortisol Levels of Brazilian Adolescent Mothers and Infants
Authors: Wiley Kyle S. , Gouveia Gisele , Camilo Caroline , Euclydes Verônica , Panter‐Brick Catherine , Matijasevich Alicia , Ferraro Alexandre Archanjo , Fracolli Lislaine Aparecida , Chiesa Anna Maria , Miguel Euripedes Constantino , Polanczyk Guilherme V. , Brentani Helena 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionInterpersonal violence against women is a major global health problem that may have intergenerational effects. This study investigated associations between maternal experiences of interpersonal violence and other traumatic events and maternal and infant salivary diurnal cortisol in a cohort of adolescent mothers in São Paulo, Brazil.MethodAdolescent mothers (14–19 years) participating in a home‐visiting intervention were interviewed retrospectively about lifetime and pregnancy violence and trauma exposure. Mothers collected saliva at waking and before bedtime from themselves (n = 23) and their infants (n = 32) at 12 months postpartum. Multivariable regression models were used to examine associations between trauma history variables and salivary diurnal cortisol.ResultsAdjusting for the intervention group, infant sex, maternal age, non‐supplement medication use, and sample collection time, we found that higher‐than‐average lifetime trauma exposure was associated with maternal evening cortisol (b = 0.472, p‐value = 0.028). Lifetime assaultive violence exposure was also associated with maternal evening cortisol (b = 0.196, p‐value = 0.02). Maternal exposure to traumatic events in pregnancy was positively associated with bedtime cortisol levels of infants (b = 0.21, p = 0.01). Trauma variables were not associated with maternal or infant morning cortisol levels.ConclusionResults suggest that maternal trauma history influences both maternal and infant postnatal cortisol regulation as indexed by evening cortisol levels. These results are consistent with models of fetal programming; however, future studies should investigate potential postnatal psychobiological pathways. Lifetime trauma exposure may also become embedded in the maternal hypothalamic–adrenal–pituitary axis regulation. Future studies are needed to consider other biological pathways in the intergenerational transmission of trauma.
Novel A4GALT Variants Cause Rare p Phenotype and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in a Chinese Individual
Authors: Li Guohua , Du Mengyang , Deng Xujing , Wang Shuping , Zhou Zhou , Zhang Junyu , Bao Shihua 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe rare p phenotype in the rare PP1Pk blood group system is closely associated with spontaneous first‐trimester abortions. Studies have shown that variants in the A4GALT gene contribute to the p phenotype. Here, we report two novel compound heterozygous variants in the A4GALT gene in a Chinese woman with p phenotype and recurrent pregnancy loss. A 24‐year‐old woman with recurrent pregnancy loss was admitted to our department. She was confirmed to be anti‐PP1Pk antibody‐positive, with an IgG titer of 1:32. Whole‐exome sequencing revealed the presence of two compound novel heterozygous variants c.370_371del and c.507C>G in the A4GALT gene, which contributed to the p phenotype and pregnancy loss in this woman. We also summarized the variants of the A4GALT gene reported in the literature. Our findings add more gene variant information on rare p phenotypes and related RPL.
The genetic landscape of early‐onset Alzheimer's disease in China
Authors: Qin Wei , Li Fang‐Yu , Liu Wen‐Ying , Li Ying , Cao Shu‐Man , Wei Yi‐Ping , Li Yan , Wang Qi , Wang Qi‐Geng , Jia Jian‐Ping 
Published: February 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONResearch on somatic and germline mutations in Chinese individuals with early‐onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) has been limited.METHODSWe conducted whole‐genome sequencing of blood DNA from 108 patients with EOAD and 116 controls. The analysis included somatic and germline mutations across coding and non‐coding regions, mutational signature determination, pathway enrichment identification, and predictive model.RESULTSThe mutational burden was significantly higher in the EOAD group compared to the control group. The prevalence of single‐base substitution signature 5, which is strongly associated with aging, was much higher in patients with EOAD than in controls. EOAD‐specific somatic mutations were identified in genes such as MIR31HG, TUBB4B, and APP. Germline mutations in DOCK3, PCSK5, and PDE4D were significantly associated with age of dementia onset. Furthermore, a predictive model comprising 15 mutations demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.78.DISCUSSIONThe accumulation of senescence‐related somatic mutations may increase the risk of developing EOAD.Highlights
Whole genome sequencing was used to find somatic and germline mutations in Chinese individuals with early‐onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD).
Total number and burden of blood somatic mutations were significantly higher.
The prevalence of single‐base substitution signature 5 was notably elevated in EOAD.
EOAD‐specific somatic mutations were identified in MIR31HG, TUBB4B, and APP.
DOCK3, PCSK5, and PDE4D germline mutations were associated with the age of EOAD onset.
ReSpool: Scaling a circular supply chain for recycled textiles
Authors: Thomas Kedron , Clarke‐Sather Abigail R. , Cobb Kelly , Cao Huantian 
Published: February 2025

AbstractReSpool is a transdisciplinary partnership among academia, government, industry, and nonprofit entities created in 2022 to develop and demonstrate a transferable model for the recycling of postconsumer textile and apparel waste into new textile products. ReSpool's engineering and creative teams have innovated proprietary technologies including the Fiber Shredder, which enables textile‐to‐fiber shredding for high‐value applications, and a set of processes for the manufacture of yarns and nonwoven textiles from recycled fibers. ReSpool's circular supply chains begin with discarded clothing collected by Goodwill organizations in the two test regions and involves partnerships with Goodwill to recruit and train workers and install in‐house recycling operations. ReSpool then works with textile manufacturers and home goods and apparel retailers on high‐value applications through waste‐led materials and product development. ReSpool takes a systems‐based approach to sustainability research and problem‐solving. This article briefly overviews the “systems thinking” framework and demonstrates how core principles of this framework structure the team's objectives, activities, and innovations. Finally, the article contributes to current debates regarding systems thinking and circularity by presenting a rationale for systems‐based sustainability research and practice ratcheted to regional systems. By focusing on regional factors, connections, and opportunities, ReSpool aims to maximize its flexibility, relevance, and impact while enabling tailored replication of the model across diverse communities. In this way, ReSpool offers an innovative, circular materials model for the textile and apparel industries, turning textile waste into a source of business innovation, sustainable economic development, and skills training for communities across the country.
Longitudinal Plasma Biomarker Profiles Predict Neurological Outcome in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Fraussen Judith , In't Veld Sjors G. J. G. , van Laake‐Geelen Charlotte C. M. , Depreitere Bart , Deckers Jens , Peuskens Dieter , Cornips Erwin M. J. , Bamps Sven , Teunissen Charlotte E. , Somers Veerle 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTraumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is diagnosed by imaging and clinical scoring using the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS). These methods have limited value for prognosis. Here, the prognostic value of plasma neurofilament‐light (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and contactin‐1 (CNTN‐1) was analyzed.MethodsBiomarker levels were determined in the plasma of traumatic SCI patients (n = 37) and healthy controls (n = 22). SCI samples (n = 112) were collected at different time points from 0 to 4 days to 18 weeks post‐injury. NfL and GFAP were measured by single molecule array (Simoa) technology, CNTN‐1 by Luminex. Baseline and outcome AIS and motor scores were collected as a measure of injury severity.ResultsNfL, GFAP, and CNTN‐1 showed different kinetics in SCI patients over time. Baseline biomarker levels could identify AIS‐A SCI patients (NfL + GFAP) and discriminate between patients with a motor score change <5 and those with a change ≥5 (NfL + GFAP+CNTN‐1). Longitudinally, NfL could identify AIS‐A patients up to 12 weeks post‐SCI and discriminate between patients with a motor score change <5 and those with a change ≥5 up to 18 weeks post‐SCI. Further, baseline biomarker levels positively (NfL + GFAP) or negatively (CNTN‐1) correlated with outcome injury severity and together could accurately predict AIS conversion (AUC 0.863) and motor score change (AUC 0.857). This predictive ability was maintained in subacute/chronic SCI stages.InterpretationIn conclusion, plasma NfL, GFAP, and CNTN‐1 are potential prognostic biomarkers in SCI. This is important for patient stratification in clinical trials, prediction of neurological outcome and informed decision‐making in SCI treatment and rehabilitation. ANN NEUROL 2025
Highly Precise Prediction of Micro‐ and Supra‐pKa Based on 3D Descriptors Integrating Non‐Covalent Interactions
Authors: Liu Siyuan , Yang Qi , Zhang Long , Luo Sanzhong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAccurate pKa prediction is crucial for understanding proton dissociation in complex molecular systems. However, existing models often face challenges in addressing subtle stereoelectronic effects and conformational flexibility. This study presents H‐SPOC, a localized 3D descriptor that captures covalent and non‐covalent interactions and incorporates solvent effects to predict site‐specific pKa values accurately. H‐SPOC was validated on multiple benchmark datasets, including SAMPL6, SAMPL7, and SAMPL8, where it outperformed state‐of‐the‐art methods. H‐SPOC also proved versatile across various applications, including 2‐acetoxybenzoic acid (the main components of aspirin) non‐equilibrium conformations, glycine‘s microstate distributions, and the stereoelectronic anomalies of Janus Sponge and Meldrum's Acid. It addressed challenging supra‐pKa predictions in crystalline environments and accurately correlated pKa with reaction rates, selectivity, tautomerism, and pharmacokinetic properties. With its chemically intuitive design and computational efficiency, H‐SPOC provides an efficient framework for rapid and precise micro‐ and supra‐pKa predictions, offering significant potential in drug discovery, catalysis, and materials science.
Enhancement of Antibacterial and Hydrophilic Properties of LDPE Surfaces by Benzoxazine‐Chitosan Coatings: Structure and Performances
Authors: Huang Songyang , Sun Xiang , Zhou Changlu , Zan Rui , Suo Tao , Xin Zhong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAlthough low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) proved its efficacy in alleviating biliary obstruction stemming from biliopancreatic conditions as biliary stents, the problem of stent occlusion resulting from insufficient antibacterial and hydrophilic properties remains worth investigating. In this study, polydopamine (PDA) and poly(ethylene glycol) bis(carboxymethyl) ether (PEGb) were used as anchors on the LDPE surface, and then chitosan‐benzoxazine (CSxBzy) coatings were grafted with PEGb to obtain an innovative surface to enhance the antimicrobial and hydrophilic features of LDPE. The antimicrobial abilities of PE‐CSxBzy were evaluated by co‐culture and plate coating techniques, demonstrating a remarkable inhibitory effect of up to 99.3% against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). The field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the laser confocal scanning microscope further demonstrated that the PE‐CSxBzy has excellent anti‐bacterial adhesion properties. Compared to pristine LDPE, the amount of adherent bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the number of bile proteins on the PE‐CSxBzy surface were reduced by up to 64.56% and 80.26%, respectively. PE‐CSxBzy exhibited excellent and stable hydrophilicity, with a water contact angle of approximately 50°, which only increased by 18.84% even after 30 days of immersion. PE‐CSxBzy also showed complete biocompatibility with human biliary epithelial cells (BECs) and anticipation for biliary stent materials considering its exceptional hydrophilicity and antibacterial abilities. Moreover, the molecular dynamics simulations further demonstrated that the antibacterial properties and hydrophilic capabilities arise from the synergistic effect of chitosan‐benzoxazine coating structures. This study, we suggest, presents recommendations for regulating the antimicrobial and hydrophilic properties associated with LDPE materials utilized in biliary stent applications.
Segmentation of cortical bone, trabecular bone, and medullary pores from micro‐CT images using 2D and 3D deep learning models
Authors: Lee Andrew H. , Moore Julian M. , Covarrubias Brandon Vera , Lynch Leigha M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractComputed tomography (CT) enables rapid imaging of large‐scale studies of bone, but those datasets typically require manual segmentation, which is time‐consuming and prone to error. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) offer an automated solution, achieving superior performance on image data. In this methodology‐focused paper, we used CNNs to train segmentation models from scratch on 2D and 3D patches from micro‐CT scans of otter long bones. These new models, collectively called BONe (Bone One‐shot Network), aimed to be fast and accurate, and we expected enhanced results from 3D training due to better spatial context. Contrary to expectations, 2D models performed slightly better than 3D models in labeling details such as thin trabecular bone. Although lacking in some detail, 3D models appeared to generalize better and predict smoother internal surfaces than 2D models. However, the massive computational costs of 3D models limit their scalability and practicality, leading us to recommend 2D models for bone segmentation. BONe models showed potential for broader applications with variation in performance across species and scan quality. Notably, BONe models demonstrated promising results on skull segmentation, suggesting their potential utility beyond long bones with further refinement and fine‐tuning.