bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement of salinity in building materials: a synopsis of current practices and potential innovations
Authors: Wojtaś E , Kujawska J , Łagód G , Suchorab Z 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article provides an overview of the various techniques used to measure the salt content of building materials. The authors discuss the importance of salinity measurement, as high salinity can lead to degradation and damage in building materials. They then consider the traditional methods of salinity measurement, including conductivity measurement and chemical titration. While reliable, these methods are often time-consuming, destructive and may not provide a complete picture of the salt distribution within the material. The authors then focus on emerging non-destructive techniques that offer the potential for in-situ salinity measurement. These include X-ray Dffraction (XRD), Thermal Analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Each method is discussed, with the authors highlighting its advantages, limitations and potential applications. The article concludes with a discussion of the future of salinity measurement in building materials. The authors propose a multimodal approach combining traditional and new methods to achieve more accurate and comprehensive salinity measurements. They also emphasise the need for further research and development in this area, particularly to improve the accuracy and reliability of non-destructive techniques.
An efficient calibration method for digital bandwidth interleaving sampling system
Authors: Ma Yubo , Wu Jie , Jiang Xiaochang , Xu Boyi , Qi Shengyu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Digital bandwidth interleaving (DBI) is a technique that can
simultaneously increase system sampling rate and bandwidth. While
DBI can reduce the impact of clock jitter on the dynamic performance
of the system compared to time-interleaved sampling systems,
achieving dynamic performance comparable to time-interleaved
analog-to-digital converters (TIADC) remains challenging due to
phase misalignment in crossover bands caused by analog filters and
nonlinearity in analog mixers. To address these issues, this paper
proposes a method to calibrate DBI sampling systems using PRBS
signals. This method involves injecting pseudo-random binary
sequence (PRBS) signal into the system input as a background signal
and calculating the correlation between the output sampling sequence
and the PRBS sequence to obtain the response of each sampling
channel. Compared with traditional single tone signal or pulse
signal, this method offers a more efficient background calibration
method. To verify the effectiveness of this method, this paper
designed a hybrid parallel sampling system combining DBI and TIADC
with a 20 GSPS sampling rate and 8 GHz bandwidth to evaluate the
effectiveness of the calibration method. In the performance test of
the sampling system before and after calibration, this calibration
method improved the system's Signal-to-Noise and Distortion Ratio
(SINAD) by up to 13 dB, Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) by up to
27 dB, and phase response flatness better than 0.3 radians.
A high-resolution asymmetric von Hamos spectrometer for low-energy X-ray spectroscopy at the CRYRING@ESR electron cooler
Authors: Jagodziński P. , Banaś D. , Pajek M. , Kubala-Kukuś A. , Jabłoński Ł. , Stabrawa I. , Szary K. , Sobota D. , Warczak A. , Gumberidze A. , Beyer H.F. , Lestinsky M. , Weber G. , Stöhlker Th. , Trassinelli M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We present research program and project for high-resolution
wavelength-dispersive spectrometer dedicated to low-energy X-ray
spectroscopy at the electron cooler of the CRYRING@ESR storage ring,
which is a part of the international Facility for Antiproton and Ion
Research (FAIR) currently being built in Darmstadt. Due to the
unique shape of the electorn-ion recombination X-ray source,
resulting from the overlapping of the electron and ion beams in the
electron cooler, the spectrometer can work in the specific
asymmetric von Hamos (AvH) geometry. In order to completely
eliminate the influence of Doppler effect on the measured X-ray
energies, two asymmetric von Hamos spectrometers will be installed
next to the dipole magnets on both sides of the electron cooler to
detect blue/red (0°/180°) shifted X-rays, e.g. emitted in the radiative recombination (RR) process. The
X-ray-tracing Monte-Carlo simulations show that the proposed AvH
spectrometer will allow to determine with sub-meV precision, the
low-energy X-rays (5–10 keV) emitted from stored bare or
few-electron heavy ions interacting with cooling electrons. This
experimental precision will enable accurate studies of the quantum
electrodynamics (QED) effects in mid-Z H- and He-like ions.
Positive impact of urbanization on vegetation growth has been continuously strengthening in arid regions of China
Authors: Li Wanlong , Cui Yaoping , Liu Xiaoyan , Deng Chengbin , Zhang Sen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The ecological environment is fragile in arid regions, and the direct and indirect impacts of continuing urbanization on vegetation growth in cities still need to be studied in depth. In this study, we focused on four provincial capital cities (Urumqi, Lanzhou, Yinchuan, and Hohhot) in arid regions of China. We used continuous 30 m land cover and vegetation greenness (VG) data from 1990 to 2021 to extract the impact of urbanization on vegetation growth by separating the impact of natural conditions. Our results showed that the study area’s urban area (UA) had expanded rapidly at a rate of 39.2 km2/a, increasing by 3.39 times between 1990 and 2021. While urban expansion occurred rapidly, the overall VG of the study area also increased (slope = 2.16 × 10−3), with the enhancement of VG increasing gradually from west to east. The VG and its trend in the UA were significantly higher than those in the natural vegetation area (NA). In addition, the duration of the urban vegetation growth season was longer than that of the NA, which also confirmed the positive impact of urbanization on the vegetation growth period. Furthermore, we found that the positive impact of urbanization on vegetation had continuously strengthened over time. In 1990 and 2021, the VG areas had 83% and 87% above the ‘zero-impact line’ in the UA, respectively, indicating a very significant impact of urbanization on vegetation growth in arid regions with fragile natural conditions. Our study identified the long-term dynamic trends in urbanization and VG in arid regions and clarified the non-linear relationship between the two concurrent growth factors. This has significant implications for correctly understanding the impact of urbanization on vegetation in arid regions and can provide a scientific reference for the ecological construction of urban environments in the region.
Relating three-decade surge in space cooling demand to urban warming
Authors: Li Haiwei , Zhao Yongling , Bardhan Ronita , Chan Pak Wai , Derome Dominique , Luo Zhiwen , Ürge-Vorsatz Diana , Carmeliet Jan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Rising demand for space cooling has been placing enormous strain on various technological, environmental, and societal dimensions, resulting in issues related to energy consumption, environmental sustainability, health and well-being, affordability, and equity. Holistic approaches that combine energy efficiency optimization, policy-making, and societal adaptation must be rapidly promoted as viable and timely solutions. We interpret the 30 year climatic-induced upward trend and spikes in urban space cooling demand from the perspective of climate change, urbanization, and background climates, through the lens of five major populated cities: Hong Kong, Sydney, Montreal, Zurich, and London. An unequivocal, worrying upward trend in cooling demand is observed in meteorological data, using cooling degree hours (CDHs) as a city-scale climatic-induced metric. The surge in cooling energy demand can be largely attributed to climate warming and urban heat islands, with the most abrupt spikes associated with intensified extreme heat events. Further, our quantification of the impact of the base temperature, in relation to the historical CDH, reveals that a 20% energy saving could be achieved instantly within a rather broad range of air temperature and relative humidity by increasing the setpoint temperature by one degree. With the rise in background temperatures due to climate change, the potential for energy saving diminishes for the same level of increase in setpoint temperature. For instance, an increase from 26 °C to 27 °C results in about 10% energy savings, while an increase from 22 °C to 23 °C could yield over 20% in energy savings. To reduce cooling energy demand rapidly in a warming climate, we highlight the necessity of promoting hard and soft behavioral adaptation along with regulatory intervention for the operation of space cooling systems.
Involvement of Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Societies through the Development of Community Based Ecotourism Concept in Coastal Areas: Case Studies from Indonesia
Authors: Arifianto A , Ihsan Yudanto M , Sutriadi R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Community development has become one of the mainstreams nowadays, where internal actors are able to develop and deliver their ideas to others. Bali and Yogyakarta, two case studies that represent tourism in Indonesia are identical with community-based tourism that holds noble values and culture, even though it cannot be separated from the threat of disaster. The context of the disaster is not only natural but also environmental pollution due to waste that affects coastal areas as downstream waste flows in rivers. The Kutuh Indigenous Village community plays a role in managing tourism on Pandawa Beach, while the non-indigenous community in Yogyakarta helps to manage Parangtritis Beach. The focus of this article is to capture community readiness in implementing ecotourism conceptual framework through community-based ecotourism development both in indigenous and non-indigenous society. The data was taken using in-depth interviews in 2020 and processed with a qualitative comparative content analysis to show the differences between the two case studies. The results show that the role of internal actors and a sense of commonality in dealing with disasters greatly affect the implementation of green tourism in order to internalize the impact of disasters. However, there are differences in indigenous peoples who have strong values and norms, moreover the high level of community network, the results are more satisfying.
Seepage identification of Sidoarjo mud embankment via 2D resistivity and self-potential methods
Authors: Novanti Nadila Ayu , Rizaq Alif Muftihan , Wahyuni Afra Eka , Sungkono  , Husein Alwi , Warnana Dwa Desa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Assessment of embankment stability is one of the ways to discover the embankment condition. Several factors can affect the strength of the embankment body including seepage, leakage, deformation (vertical and horizontal), and overtopping. Hence, identification of seepage in the subsurface of the embankment is important to provide early information about the threat of embankment failures. Sidoarjo mud (LUSI) embankment has been collapsed several times since it built in 2006. Most of the failures are mainly caused by the existing water seepage in the subsurface of the embankment. To identify the seepage pathways of the embankment body, two non-destructive geo-electricity methods were applied in the LUSI embankment. Direct current resistivity (DCR) and self-potential (SP) methods were carried out to reconstruct subsurface conditions at lines P76-P79. Therefore, seepage interpretation was conducted to identify the presence of water flows through the embankment body. 2D tomography of resistivity data revealed the indication of water seepage in some measurement areas. This information was strengthened by the numerical interpretation of self-potential data, recognizing water seepage through the embankment body in each line.
Diversity of Macroinvertebrates in the Mangrove Forest of Brgy. Nabago, Surigao City, Philippines
Authors: Eviota Manny P. , Degamon Louella S. , Hugo Rosalia L. , Bertulfo Roselle E. , Odtojan Medielyn M. , Buenaflor Gheleene S. , Cuadrado Jerry T. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Macroinvertebrate assemblages in the mangrove forest were assessed to determine the baseline information on the marine ecosystem in Barangay Nabago. Physicochemical parameters of soil and water were also determined to correlate with these bio-indicators. Three sampling stations were established. Live specimens were collected from natural substrates such as rocks, leaves, wood, and other debris through hand picking. To obtain macrobenthos, soil samples were collected using a core method with six-core samples from each plot. A 500 micrometer (0.5 mm) mesh size sieve was used to separate the macroinvertebrates from the sediments and any debris. A multiparameter checker determined the physicochemical parameters of water such as dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, total dissolved solids, and conductivity. Biodiversity indices such as species richness, abundance, density, Shannon-Weiner diversity index, and evenness were calculated using the Paleontological Statistical Software Package (PAST) version 3.20 with correlation analysis using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Station 3 obtained the highest frequency count of macroinvertebrates compared to the first (1) and second (2) stations, which correlate to the highest numerical value of the physicochemical parameters such as dissolved oxygen (DO), conductivity, and pH. These physicochemical parameters were favourable for macroinvertebrate species to thrive. Soil characterized with the highest percentage of the sandy substrate also contributed to macroinvertebrates’ diversity, particularly in station 3, which obtained the highest diversity index (H’=2.436).
Plastic Flow Diagram as a Tool for Plastic Waste Management System Assessment (Case Study: Banyuwangi Regency and Jembrana Regency)
Authors: Heranita Ira , Sembiring Emenda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Plastic waste is one of the biggest problems faced by Indonesia as the second largest contributor of plastic waste to the oceans in the world. The leakage of plastic waste from land to sea is generally caused by the lack of waste management in Indonesia. There are still many unsafe waste management practices carried out by Indonesian people. Therefore, an assessment and evaluation of waste management is needed to determine the appropriate intervention in waste management so as to reduce the leakage of plastic waste into the environment. Plastic Flow Diagram (PFD) applies the principle of Material Flow Analysis (MFA) that can rapidly and systematically assess the plastic waste management system and show the fates of plastic waste in the environment. The results of mapping the plastic waste flow show that waste handling in Banyuwangi Subdistrict and Negara Subdistrict has reached the national target that is 86,63% and 81,89%. Meanwhile, waste handling in Muncar Subdistrict and Jembrana Subdistrict is still far from the target, as much as 39,77% and 34,54%. Plastic waste leakage occurs at every stage of waste management. However, the highest leakage comes from sources. Platic waste that leaks into the environment ends up in drainage system, enters water bodies, retained on land, and burnt.
Role of Wind, Ground Surface, and Slope in Plastic Waste Movement on Terrestrial Environments
Authors: Khoeriyah Z B A , Sembiring E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Trajectory of waste on land is a strategy for preventing and mitigating plastic pollution in the environment and a component of its management strategy. However, basic data related to the dynamics of the movement of plastic waste on land as the main data in the model design process has been limited. This research was conducted to meet this need by reviewing the influence of environmental factors such as wind, air runoff, soil surface, and slope on the movement of plastic waste on land. In this study, primary data collection of plastic movement was simulated in experimental scenarios for different categories of plastic based on wind-propelling factors and physical environmental factors represented by ground surface characteristic and slope variation. The results indicated that (1) the windspeed threshold through all the explanatory variables were significantly different, (2) wind speed shows a strong positive relation with the flux of plastics rate where plastic moves according to wind direction, (3) vegetated areas have become potential accumulation locations, and (4) the plastic rate through the slope variable were not significantly different. In constructing land-based plastic waste trajectory models, plastic type, ground surface, and slope variations can be regarded as the primary variables.
The Influence of Pandemic COVID-19 on Hazardous Waste Management from Hospital A in Yogyakarta
Authors: Maziya F B , Luthi R S , Iresha F M , Abidin A U , Kasam  
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The condition of COVID-19 pandemic led to a high generation of medical waste through hospital activity. This study aimed to analye the hazardous waste management during the pandemic at Hospital A in Yogyakarta. Dynamic system modelling applications by considering the technical, financial, and environmental aspects using the Vensim PLE with the stock-flow diagram. The model simulation results in this study indicate an increase in technical, financial, and environmental aspects during the pandemic. The technical and financial aspect shows that the generation and transportation of waste increased during the pandemic reaching 9.36%. In the technical aspect, hazardous waste generation produced 11,756 kg/year. Then, the financial aspect shows that the costs incurred for transporting waste increased during the pandemic, reaching IDR109,860,000/year. The financial aspect also indicates that the fees received by hospital A in Yogyakarta from recycling waste increased until IDR3,232,900/year. The environmental aspect shows that CO2 emissions released into the air due to the transportation of waste during the pandemic experienced a stable condition, it is 5,445.44 kgCO2 per year, and CO2 emissions stored due to the recycling of plastic infusion bottle waste increased by 4,021.73 kgCO2 per year.
Recycling Potential and Processing Technology of Plastic Waste in Indonesias Metropolitan City (Case Study: Bandung City, West Java, Indonesia)
Authors: Widyarsana I M W , Nurdiani D A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
After organic waste, plastic became a significant issue in Indonesia. The government of Bandung City has started a number of programs to address the waste issue. However, there are still numerous obstacles to overcome, particularly in terms of finding ways to utilize waste instead of sending it to a landfill. The goal of this study was to ascertain the potential of plastic waste in Bandung that had been sent to a landfill. The study found that 98% of the total waste in Bandung was already being collected. The majority of it (83%) was going to a landfill. Total mixed transported to Sarimukti landfill was around 1,150 TPD, or 0.46 kg-e/person/day. Food waste made up the biggest percentage (35% dry season and 47% wet season, respectively). Approximately 129.940 tons of plastics, with a total composition of 32% for dry season and 30% for wet season being dumped in landfill consisting recyclable high value plastic of 8,383 TPD (6,45%), non-recyclable low value plastic of 98,502 tons (75,8%), and nappies of 23,054 tons (17,7%). Due to the limitation of recycling technology to treat these wastes, plastic in landfill were mainly composed of low value plastic and diaper.
Anti-haecceitism and indiscernibility
Authors: Roberts Alexander 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is often presumed that anti-haecceitists are not committed to the identity of indiscernibles. However, I argue that anti-haecceitism implies a particularly strong thesis about when individuals are indiscernible which motivates the identity of indiscernibles. The argument is first sketched intuitively and then formalized in a system of higher-order modal logic.
COMO: a pipeline for multi-omics data integration in metabolic modeling and drug discovery
Authors: Bessell Brandt , Loecker Josh , Zhao Zhongyuan , Aghamiri Sara Sadat , Mohanty Sabyasachi , Amin Rada , Helikar Tomáš , Puniya Bhanwar Lal 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Identifying potential drug targets using metabolic modeling requires integrating multiple modeling methods and heterogeneous biological datasets, which can be challenging without efficient tools. We developed Constraint-based Optimization of Metabolic Objectives (COMO), a user-friendly pipeline that integrates multi-omics data processing, context-specific metabolic model development, simulations, drug databases and disease data to aid drug discovery. COMO can be installed as a Docker Image or with Conda and includes intuitive instructions within a Jupyter Lab environment. It provides a comprehensive solution for the integration of bulk and single-cell RNA-seq, microarrays and proteomics outputs to develop context-specific metabolic models. Using public databases, open-source solutions for model construction and a streamlined approach for predicting repurposable drugs, COMO enables researchers to investigate low-cost alternatives and novel disease treatments. As a case study, we used the pipeline to construct metabolic models of B cells, which simulate and analyze them to predict metabolic drug targets for rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, respectively. COMO can be used to construct models for any cell or tissue type and identify drugs for any human disease where metabolic inhibition is relevant. The pipeline has the potential to improve the health of the global community cost-effectively by providing high-confidence targets to pursue in preclinical and clinical studies. The source code of the COMO pipeline is available at https://github.com/HelikarLab/COMO. The Docker image can be pulled at https://github.com/HelikarLab/COMO/pkgs/container/como.
Phylogenetic identity and population structure of the dwarf caimans Paleosuchus spp. in the Orinoco basin of Colombia and Venezuela: filling gaps
Authors: Hernández-Rangel Sandra M , Morales-Betancourt Mónica A , Muniz Fábio L , Vargas-Ramírez Mario , Rojas-Runjaic Fernando J M , Lasso Carlos A , Caballero Susana 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Dwarf caiman species of the genus Paleosuchus (Paleosuchus palpebrosus and Paleosuchus trigonatus) are old, widespread crocodilian lineages with populations affected by habitat modification. For both species, phylogeographical studies revealing crucial information have already been performed, but for important ecoregions, such as the Orinoco, knowledge is lacking. In this study, the phylogenetic identity of individuals of Paleosuchus spp. from the Orinoco basin of Colombia and Venezuela was evaluated. The genetic structure of the two species of Paleosuchus was also determined and their genetic diversity quantified. The results show a marked genetic structuring in both species, also indicating that the populations of P. trigonatus and P. palpebrosus of the Orinoco basin are well differentiated from those of other hydrographic basins. For Colombia, it was possible to infer that there are two independent management units for both species (Orinoco and Amazonas) and that the populations of the Orinoco basin present high genetic and haplotypic diversity. In Venezuela, only one management unit was identified for each species. This finding, together with the results of previous studies, show that, in total, there are at least five management units for P. palpebrosus and six for P. trigonatus, throughout their distribution areas. It is necessary to take this information into account when establishing conservation strategies for these species, although it is stressed that the geographical sampling must be improved in future phylogeographical studies, because information gaps persist at the geographical level.