bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relational aggression in college students: Examining the roles of social anxiety and empathy
Authors: Loudin Jesse L. , Loukas Alexandra , Robinson Sheri 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThis study examined the unique contributions of social anxiety and empathy to relational aggression in 300 19–to–25–year–old (M=21.25; SD=1.32) male (n=97) and female (n=203) college students using hierarchical linear regression analysis. The interactive relations between gender and social anxiety, and between gender and empathy, were also assessed. In addition to the gender and overt aggression covariates, fear of negative evaluation and perspective taking were unique predictors of relational aggression. Males, students who were more overtly aggressive, and those who reported greater fear of negative evaluation were more relationally aggressive than were peers. Students with higher levels of perspective taking reported using less relational aggression than did peers. A gender x empathetic concern interaction indicated that for males only, lower levels of empathetic concern were associated with higher levels of relational aggression. Results are discussed within a social information‐processing perspective. Aggr. Behav. 29:430–439, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Violent video games and aggressive behavior in young women
Authors: Anderson Craig A. , Murphy Christine R. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe increasing availability of violent video games and their implication in recent school shootings has raised the volume of public debate on the effects of such games on aggressive behavior and related variables. This article reports an experiment designed to test key hypotheses concerning the short term impact of exposure to violent video games on young women, a population that has received relatively little attention in this research literature. Results were that brief exposure to a violent video game increased aggressive behavior. Mediational analyses suggested that the violent video game effect on aggression was not mediated by instrumental aggressive motivation, but was partially mediated by revenge motivation. Other results suggested that the violent video game effect on aggression might be greater when the game player controls a same‐sex violent game character. Aggr. Behav. 29:423–429, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sport team identification and willingness to consider anonymous acts of hostile aggression
Authors: Wann Daniel L. , Haynes Gaye , McLean Bryan , Pullen Paul 
Published: September 2003

AbstractPrevious research indicated that a sizeable minority of individuals report a willingness to consider engaging in anonymous acts of instrumental aggression directed toward players and coaches of a rival team. Individuals with a high degree of identification with their favorite team were particularly likely to consider such acts. The current investigation was designed to extend this research by examining the likelihood that individuals would consider engaging in hostile anonymous aggression. It was expected that highly identified persons would be particularly likely to consider these acts, even though the acts would not provide a competitive advantage for their team. Data collected from 175 university students confirmed the expectations. In addition, the results indicated that males were more likely than females to report a willingness to consider the hostile aggressive acts and that participants were more likely to report a willingness to engage in less destructive acts (e.g., tripping an opposing player or coach) than more destructive acts (e.g., murdering an opposing player or coach). Aggr. Behav. 29:406–413, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Substance use patterns of young offenders and violent crime
Authors: Lennings C.J. , Copeland J. , Howard J. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe use of alcohol is a significant predictor of the involvement of young offenders in violent crime. This study found that in a sample of 300 incarcerated juveniles in New South Wales, more than 70% admitted to violent crime. Detainees from an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander culture were less likely than other detainees to be involved in violent crime. The substances most associated with violent crime were alcohol, followed by cocaine. However, when the likelihood that the young person has initiated violence as a response to alcohol or other substances is introduced into the equation, the direct effects for alcohol and cocaine predicting engagement in violent crime disappear. The Goldstein hypothesis that the effects of a substance directly facilitate violence, thereby accounting for the relationship between substances of use and violent crime, was supported. Aggr. Behav. 29:414–422, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Selective attention and executive functions deficits among criminal psychopaths
Authors: Pham T.H. , Vanderstukken O. , Philippot P. , Vanderlinden M. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe present study examined whether psychopaths exhibit deficits in selective attention and executive functions. Prison inmates were assigned to either a “psychopath” group or a “control” group according to their scores on the PCL‐R [Hare, 1991: Toronto, Multi‐Health Systems]. The two groups were compared in terms of performance on the following tests: (1) D‐II cancellation, (2) Porteus Maze, (3) Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting, (4) Stroop Color Word Interference, (5) Trail Making, and (6) Tower of London. The results support the hypothesis of selective attention and specific executive function deficits among psychopaths. Specifically, psychopaths' abilities to maintain a plan and to inhibit irrelevant information were inferior to those of control participants. Aggr. Behav. 29:393–405, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rare male aggression directed toward females in a female‐dominated society: Baiting behavior in the spotted hyena
Authors: Szykman Micaela , Engh Anne L. , Van Horn Russell C. , Boydston Erin E. , Scribner Kim T. , Holekamp Kay E. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractSpotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) are gregarious carnivores. The females are socially dominant to males, and adult males rarely direct aggression toward adult females. This study analyzed all cases in which adult immigrant males behaved aggressively toward adult females in a large population of free‐living hyenas in Kenya, observed for 11 years. Our goals were to describe the conditions under which male attacks on females occur, and address possible adaptive functions. Most aggression directed by adult immigrant males against females occurred when coalitions of two or more males attacked a single adult female, who typically responded by defending herself and fighting back. Male aggression against females frequently occurred at sites of ungulate kills, but males never behaved aggressively toward females over food, and all male attacks on females were unprovoked. Although no mounting or other copulatory behaviors ever occurred during or immediately after an attack, the number of male attacks on females peaked around the time of conception. Daily rates at which males attacked females did not vary with female social rank. However, daily attack rates did vary significantly with female reproductive state, and the highest rates of male attack on females were observed during the two stages of the reproductive cycle during which females were most likely to conceive litters. The adaptive significance of male aggression against females in this species remains unknown, but a tight association between male attacks on females and a female's time of conception provides strong evidence of some role for male aggression in hyena sexual behavior. In particular, our data are consistent with hypotheses suggesting that male aggression toward females in this species either serves to inform females about male fitness or represents sexual harassment. Aggr. Behav. 29:457–474, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A linear growth curve analysis of inpatient treatment response by conduct‐disordered, ADHD, and comorbid preadolescents
Authors: Beauchaine Theodore P. , Gartner Joseph 
Published: September 2003

AbstractConduct disorder (CD) comorbid with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is widely reputed to be treatment refractory, particularly when accompanied by aggression and early‐onset symptoms. Few studies, however, have assessed inpatient treatment response among early onset CD/ADHD children in detail. In the present investigation, behavioral and rating scale data were compared among CD (n=13), ADHD (n=20), and CD/ADHD (n=45) preadolescents during one‐month of multimodal inpatient treatment that included methylphenidate administration. As expected, linear growth curve analyses revealed that CD/ADHD children were the most symptomatic of the three groups. However, all groups benefited from hospitalization, with few differences in treatment responsiveness observed. Analyses of residualized symptoms suggested that methylphenidate administration was effective in curbing impulsive but not aggressive behaviors. Aggr. Behav. 29:440–456, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Crystallographic report: Crystal structure of a two‐dimensional coordination polymer: dizinc diterephthalate pyrazine dihydrate
Authors: Yang Shi‐Yao , Hu Jie‐Yu , Long La‐Sheng , Huang Rong‐Bin , Zheng Lan‐Sun , Ng Seik Weng 
Published: September 2003

AbstractA two‐dimensional coordination polymer [Zn2(tp)2(pz)(H2O)2]n (tp = terephthalate, pz = pyrazine) has been synthesized by the hydrothermal reaction of zinc terephthalate and pyrazine. The Zinc(II) centre is in a distorted pyramidal geometry, being coordinated by one water molecule, one nitrogen atom from a bridging pz and two different bridging tp ligands, one chelating and the other monodentate. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessment of fluoroalkyltin compounds as fluorous Lewis acid catalysts
Authors: Imakura Yasuo , Nishiguchi Satoru , Orita Akihiro , Otera Junzo 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe synthesis of a variety of organotin compounds with 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H‐perfluorooctyl groups is reported, together with an improved method for the corresponding distannoxane. Unique properties of this compound are disclosed in terms of fluorophilicity and activity as a Lewis acid catalyst in comparison with other mono‐nuclear derivatives. A new criterion for obtaining high solubility in fluorocarbon solvents is presented. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of F‐actin cytoskeleton‐associated gelsolin in the guinea pig capacitation and acrosome reaction
Authors: Cabello‐Agüeros José F. , Hernández‐González Enrique O. , Mújica Adela 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe acrosomal reaction (AR) is a regulated sperm exocytotic process that involves fusion of the plasma membrane (PM) with the outer acrosomal membrane (OAM). Our group has described F‐actin cytoskeletons associated to these membranes. It has been proposed that in regulated exocytosis, a cortical cytoskeleton acts as a barrier that obstructs membrane fusion, and must be disassembled for exocytosis to occur. Actin‐severing proteins from the gelsolin family have been considered to break this barrier. The present study attempted to determine if gelsolin has a function in guinea pig sperm capacitation and AR. By indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), gelsolin was detected in the apical and postacrosomal regions of the head and in the flagellum in both capacitated and non‐capacitated guinea pig spermatozoa. By Western blotting, gelsolin was detected in isolated PM and OAM of non‐capacitated spermatozoa. Gelsolin and actin were detected in a mixture of PM‐OAM obtained by sonication, and both proteins were absent in membranes of capacitated spermatozoa. Inhibition of three different pathways of PIP2 hydrolysis during capacitation did not cancel gelsolin loss from membranes. Gelsolin was detected by Western blotting associated to membrane cytoskeletons obtained after phalloidin F‐actin stabilization and Triton‐X treatment; additionally, by immunoprecipitation, it was shown that gelsolin is associated with actin. By electron microscopy we observed that skeletons disassemble during capacitation, but phalloidin prevents disassembly. A three‐dimensional skeleton was observed that apparently joins PM with OAM. Exogenous gelsolin stimulates AR assayed in a permeabilized spermatozoa model. Results suggest that gelsolin disassembles F‐actin cytoskeletons during capacitation, promoting AR. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 56:94–108, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The ATP‐dependent helicase RUVBL1/TIP49a associates with tubulin during mitosis
Authors: Gartner Wolfgang , Rossbacher Joerg , Zierhut Barbara , Daneva Teodora , Base Wolfgang , Weissel Michael , Waldhäusl Werner , Pasternack Mark S. , Wagner Ludwig 
Published: September 2003

AbstractRUVBL1/TIP49a/Pontin52 is a recently identified multi‐functional protein with 2 ATP binding (WALKER) sites, which is essential for cell proliferation. We recovered and identified RUVBL1/TIP49a as a tubulin‐binding protein from Triton X‐100 lysates of U937 promonocytic cells by protein affinity chromatography and tryptic peptide microsequencing. Performing co‐immunoprecipitation using newly generated RUVBL1/TIP49a‐specific antibodies (mAb and rabbit polyclonal Ab) and RUVBL1/TIP49a‐GST fusion protein‐pull down assays we demonstrate co‐precipitation of α‐ and γ tubulin with RUVBL1/TIP49a. Confocal immunoflourescence microscopy reveals that RUVBL1/TIP49a was present not only in the nucleus, as expected, but was also concentrated at the centrosome and at the mitotic spindle in colocalization with tubulin. The topology of RUVBL1/TIP49a at the mitotic spindle varied, depending on the mitotic stage. The protein was localized at the centrosome and at the polar and astral microtubules in metaphase, and was detectable at the zone of polar tubule interdigitation in anaphase B and telophase. During cytokinesis the protein reappeared at the area of decondensing chromosomes. Whereas preincubation of U937 cells with colcemid resulted in inhibition of mitotic spindle formation with subsequent loss of RUVBL1/TIP49a mitotic spindle staining, no relevant influence of colcemid on RUVBL1/TIP49a‐tubulin binding was observed. An agonistic effect of RUVBL1/TIP49a on in vitro tubulin assembly is demonstrated. Our results reveal a new functional aspect of RUVBL1/TIP49a. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 56:79–93, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Keap1 in adhesion complexes
Authors: Velichkova Michaella , Hasson Tama 
Published: September 2003

AbstractCell adhesion complexes are sensors that interact with the extracellular environment and allow for the transmission of signals found outside the cell across the plasma membrane to the cell interior. Keap1 is a newly identified component of cell adhesion complexes. We investigated Keap1's association with these complexes in diverse tissues and cell types. Keap1 is present in focal adhesion (FA)‐like assemblies in kidney proximal tubule cells where it colocates with actin. In liver, Keap1 is found in the adherens junctions (AJ) and at the base of the bile canaliculi. To study Keap1's involvement in both the integrin‐based FA and the cadherin‐based AJ, we induced formation of these complexes in fibroblasts, using a serum starvation followed by a serum supplementation method. When compared with vinculin, a component of all FA, we found that Keap1 assembles only in the peripheral FA. Within the peripheral FA, Keap1 was present in distinct foci along the length of the FA and these foci were different from vinculin, talin, paxillin, and phospho‐tyrosine rich regions of the FA. Unlike most FA components, Keap1 was also recruited to the newly formed AJ. As Keap1 homologues are actin‐bundling proteins, we hypothesize that Keap1's function is to bundle F‐actin within these diverse types of cell adhesion components. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 56:109–119, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Lim protein involved in the progression of cytokinesis and regulation of the mitotic spindle
Authors: Schneider Natalie , Weber Igor , Faix Jan , Prassler Josef , Müller‐Taubenberger Annette , Köhler Jana , Burghardt Emmanuel , Gerisch Günther , Marriott Gerard 
Published: September 2003

AbstractDdLimE regulates cell motility and cytokinesis in Dictyostelium. To specify its function, we generated knock‐out mutants and analyzed mitosis by marking the mitotic apparatus with GFP‐α‐tubulin. Characteristic of DdLimE‐null cells is a late reversal of cytokinesis caused by backward movement of the incipient daughter cells. This process of “retro‐cytokinesis” is accompanied by a delay in disassembly of the mitotic spindle. The length of interphase microtubules is increased and their depolymerization at prophase is impaired. These data indicate that DdLimE links the cortical actin network, where it is located, to the microtubule system, whose dynamics it regulates. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 56:130–139, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Orientation of the central pair complex during flagellar bend formation in Chlamydomonas
Authors: Mitchell David R. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThin section electron micrographs of rapidly fixed Chlamydomonas cells were used to establish a relationship between flagellar bends and orientation of the central pair microtubule complex. Using conditions that preserve flagellar waveforms during both forward swimming (asymmetric bends) and backward swimming (symmetric bends), we found that central pair orientation differs in bent regions and straight regions. During forward swimming, a plane through the two central pair microtubules is parallel to the bend plane throughout principal bends, in both effective stroke and recovery stroke phases of the beat cycle. In these curved segments, the C1 microtubule always faces the outer edge of the curve. This parallel orientation twists in straight regions both proximal and distal to bends. During backward swimming episodes induced by photoshock, when Chlamydomonas flagella beat with principal and reverse bends of similar magnitude, the central pair twists by 180 degrees between successive bends. These observations support a model in which central pair orientation in Chlamydomonas is linked to doublet‐specific dynein activation, and bend propagation is linked to rotation of the central pair complex. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 56:120–129, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cell filtration‐laser scanning cytometry for the characterisation of circulating breast cancer cells
Authors: Zabaglo Lila , Ormerod Michael G. , Parton Marina , Ring Alistair , Smith Ian E. , Dowsett Mitch 
Published: September 2003

AbstractBackgroundEpithelial cells may be detected in the circulation of the majority of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Quantification of such presumptive cancer cells might allow for the monitoring of patients with early or late stage disease as an early index of relapse. Additionally, biomarker analysis may allow a more rational approach to therapeutics. We have developed a new method for the detection and characterisation of these cells.MethodsBlood was filtered through polycarbonate membranes containing cylindrical pores, 8 μm in diameter. All the red cells and a large majority of the white blood cells passed through the filter while the larger epithelial cells were trapped. Cells on the membrane were fixed in ethanol, stained with propidium iodide and anti‐pan‐cytokeratin‐FITC (to identify epithelial cells). The filters were then examined by laser scanning cytometry (LSC), which allowed enumeration and localisation of cells.ResultsWith normal blood spiked with cells from breast carcinoma cell lines, 99.9% of the leukocytes passed through the membrane, while close to 100% of the epithelial cells were trapped, with a detection limit of less than one epithelial cell/ml of blood. All of 20 samples from patients with widespread metastatic disease contained cytokeratin‐positive cells with the morphological characteristics of carcinoma cells, the number of cells ranging from 0.2 to 5.7/ml of blood.ConclusionsCell filtration‐LSC is a viable technique for detecting and studying breast carcinoma cells in peripheral blood. Cytometry Part A 55A:102–108, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intracellular phospho‐protein staining techniques for flow cytometry: Monitoring single cell signaling events
Authors: Krutzik Peter O. , Nolan Garry P. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractBackgroundRecent advances in intracellular staining techniques, cytometer technology, fluorescent reagents, and antibody production have expanded the number of intracellular antigens that can be analyzed by flow cytometry. Measurement of protein phosphorylation with phospho‐specific antibodies has given insight into kinase signaling cascades. However, available techniques for phospho‐epitope staining can differ greatly, making it necessary to understand the differences between the outcomes when such techniques are applied and to develop robust and reproducible methods of application.MethodsTen different cellular fixation and permeabilization techniques were tested for their ability to provide phospho‐specific staining. Combinations of formaldehyde, methanol, ethanol, acetone, Triton X‐100, and saponin were used as fixation and permeabilization reagents. Phospho‐specific antibodies were labeled with Alexa Fluor dyes to provide multicolor analysis of different signaling events simultaneously within individual cells.ResultsFixing cells with 1.5% formaldehyde followed by permeabilization in methanol gave optimal results for pERK, pp38, pJNK, pStat1, pStat5, and pStat6 staining. Alteration of formaldehyde fixation and methanol permeabilization times affected measurements of phosphorylation induction. Phospho‐specific flow cytometric analyses correlated well with Western blotting, providing cross platform validation of the technique.ConclusionsMeasuring phosphorylation events by flow cytometry provides a rapid and efficient way to measure kinase cascades in individual cells. Stability of phospho‐epitopes in methanol allows long‐term storage of samples prior to analysis. Multiple signaling cascades can be monitored simultaneously through the use of different fluorophore labels to determine specificity of ligands or inhibitors. Application of optimized techniques to heterogeneous cell types such as peripheral blood or murine splenocytes may allow signaling to be analyzed simultaneously in immune cell subsets. Cytometry Part A 55A:61–70, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Infarction of acinic cell carcinoma in a patient infected with HIV: A complication of fine‐needle aspiration cytology obscuring definitive diagnosis
Authors: Rau Aarathi Rangan , Pai Radha Ramchandra , Nayak Surendra 
Published: September 2003

AbstractInfarction of salivary gland tumors has been reported following fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and, rarely, as a spontaneous event. Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) often have salivary gland lesions and FNAC plays a role in the preliminary investigation of such swellings. We report a case of a parotid swelling in a patient infected with HIV where infarction of acinic cell carcinoma following FNAC lead to difficulty in cytological evaluation of the subsequent aspirate. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2003;29:222–224. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.