bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of collision damage of Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim during drum screening
Authors: Song Jiang , Wang Yaoshen , Xia Renjie , Tian Shuai , Wang Sibo , Bian Jingyang , Han Xia , Wang Ming , Yi Shujuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDuring the drum screening of Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim (FUM), collisions between FUM bulbs are the main cause of mechanical damage. The effects of the mass relationship and the position, direction, and height of the collision on the absorbed energy and mass–loss ratio of FUM were analyzed through collision tests. The results of the constructed regression models showed that the collision direction has no significant effect on the mass–loss ratio, whereas the mass relationship and the position, direction, and height of the collision showed significance. Under different mass relationships, the collision positions and direction, and the collision height are positively correlated with the absorbed energy and mass–loss ratio, and the absorbed energy is also positively correlated with the mass–loss ratio. In addition, the influence of the mass relationship and collision height, position, and direction on the absorbed energy are highly significant. The research findings serve as a valuable reference for designing and developing low‐loss drum screening processes.Practical applicationsFritillaria ussuriensis Maxim (FUM) is a traditional Chinese medicine. The planting area is wide and the economic benefit is high. The annual economic benefit for farmers is about 1.8 billion yuan. However, the existing production method has a low degree of mechanization, especially the harvest stage, which mainly relies on manual harvesting, is limited by the number of labor force and the harvest time is in the rainy season (FUM is easily spoiled in water), which is easy to cause economic losses. To determine better working parameters, the damage factors of FUM during screening were analyzed by developing and testing the drum‐type FUM harvester. It is helpful to improve the production efficiency of FUM, and reduce the labor demand and the damage of screening to FUM.
Increasing urban flood resilience through public participation: A case study of Tuti Island in Khartoum, Sudan
Authors: Tambal Samah Abdel Rhman Mohammed Ahmed , Elsawahli Hanan Mohamed Hassan , Ibrahim Eltayeb Ibrahim Elmadih , Lumbroso Darren 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOver the past 30 years, Sudan has experienced several severe floods which have caused loss of life and significant damage to property. The frequency and intensity of floods in Sudan are predicted to increase as a result of climate change. The main objective of this research was to assist policymakers in establishing a mechanism for public participation in Sudan to enable communities to be engaged in improving flood risk management. This paper focuses on Tuti Island, which is located near the confluence of the Blue and White Niles in Khartoum which is severely affected by flooding. The research was based on surveys and interviews with both officials and the public to examine the degree of public participation in mitigating flood risks. The research concluded that Sudan has no policy or official way of engaging the public in disaster risk reduction; however, the traditional method of social mobilization called Nafeer (building together) can play a significant role in increasing communities' flood resilience. Establishing a clear framework for public participation, such as Nafeer, for the various stages of the flood management cycle that coordinates with decision‐makers can help increase the resilience of urban areas in low‐income countries like Sudan.
Teaching and assessment of communication skills in dietetics: a scoping review
Authors: Knight Annemarie , Palermo Claire , Reedy Gabriel , Whelan Kevin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundCommunication is a core element of dietetic practice, and although communication skills are a prominent feature of dietetic curricula, research suggests a need for more consistent approaches. The evidence on how communication skills are taught and assessed in dietetics has not been synthesised leaving uncertainty about best practice. This scoping review aimed to examine and map the research literature relating to the teaching and assessment of communication skills in dietetics.MethodsThe review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews. Five electronic databases, two theses databases and eight conference proceedings were systematically searched for research on how communication skills are taught and assessed in dietetics. The search had no geographical or time limits. Studies were independently screened by two authors, summarised thematically using the Kirkpatrick Model and narratively synthesised.ResultsThe 45 included studies were organised thematically into three categories: (i) the inclusion of communication skills education in dietetics, suggesting that dietitians have variable experiences; (ii) approaches to teaching communication skills in dietetics, characterised predominantly by a move away from didactic approaches in favour of experiential opportunities for learning such as simulation; and (iii) assessment of communication skills in dietetics, including the use of both dietetic‐specific and generic tools.ConclusionsThe included studies demonstrate that although a variety of teaching strategies are used in the development of communication skills in dietetics, there is potential for more robust evaluation and more diverse approaches to support dietetic educators to prepare the dietetic workforce.
Artificial Intelligence and Big Data in Sustainable Entrepreneurship
Authors: Bickley Steve J. , Macintyre Alison , Torgler Benno 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThere is an urgent need to transition our economy, society, and culture towards systems and actions that facilitate ecological sustainability. Such radical change requires equally radical transformation of approaches to decision making and resource use. Sustainable entrepreneurship (SE) is often presented as the answer to meeting the triple‐bottom‐line challenges that businesses face; however, there are very real limits to what it can achieve. SE is in the early stages of adopting tools at the technological frontier that offer empirical guidance at every point of an entrepreneurial decision‐making process. Big Data (BD) advances the potential for artificial intelligence (AI) to inform decision making, while also charting pathways to achieve desired outcomes. So far, the interactions between AI, BD, and SE have been generally under‐studied. In this primarily conceptual paper, we address the lack of work consolidating and synthesizing these literatures. We suggest that AI and BD readily contribute to further sustainable development of the weak form, but that it also holds great promise for achieving the strong sustainability ideal. We offer two propositions regarding how the integration of AI and BD can inform/support SE. We conclude by mapping out potential avenues for future research.
Causal effects of educational attainment on temporomandibular disorders and the mediating pathways: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chen Xin , Cheng Zheng , Xu Junyu , Wang Qianyi , Zhao Zhibai , Jiang Qianglin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAs one of the most important indicators of socioeconomic status, educational attainment (EA) exhibits a strong association with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Despite this link, there is a lack of evidence regarding the causal role of EA in either facilitating or preventing TMDs.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the causal effect of education on TMDs and explore potential mediating pathways.MethodsUtilizing summary statistics from genome‐wide association studies on years of schooling (N = 766 345) and TMDs (N = 211 023), we conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the overall effect of education. Additionally, a two‐step MR approach was employed to evaluate 30 potential mediators and calculate the mediation proportions in the association. Comprehensive sensitivity analyses were used to verify the robustness, heterogeneity, and pleiotropy.ResultsUnivariable MR analyses revealed a causal effect of lower EA on an increased risk of TMDs (OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.43–0.66, p < .001). Five out of 30 modifiable factors were identified as causal mediators in the associations of EA with TMDs, including feeling nervous (mediation proportion: 11.6%), feeling tense (10.2%), depression (9.6%), feeling worry (7.6%) and daily smoking (8.9%). Meanwhile, no pleiotropy was detected in the analyses (p > .05).ConclusionOur findings supported that higher EA has a protective effect on the onset of TMDs, with partial mediation by psychological disorders and daily smoking. Interventions on these factors thus have the potential of substantially reducing the burden of TMDs attributed to low education.
Self‐esteem and self‐concept as correlates of life satisfaction and attitudes toward school among Ghanaian girls
Authors: Sensoy Bahar Ozge , Byansi William , Nartey Portia Buernarkie , Ibrahim Abdallah , Boateng Alice , Kumbelim Kingsley , Nabunya Proscovia , McKay Mary M. , Ssewamala Fred M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDuring adolescence, youth experience several physical, psychosocial, and cognitive changes. Self‐esteem and self‐concept are identified as protective factors for adolescents in high‐income countries, but studies are limited in sub‐Saharan Africa. We examined the associations of self‐esteem and self‐concept with life satisfaction and attitudes toward school using baseline data from 97 Ghanaian adolescent girls at risk of school dropout. Ordinary Least Squares regression models were fitted to examine the association between self‐esteem and self‐concept on school attitudes and life satisfaction. Self‐esteem was positively associated with life satisfaction. Self‐concept was associated with more positive attitudes toward school. Hence, self‐esteem and self‐concept may be critical protective factors in promoting adolescent girls' life satisfaction and positive attitudes toward school.
Empowerment‐based cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia in persons with mild cognitive impairment: A sequential explanatory mixed‐method pilot study
Authors: Li Polly W. C. , Yu Doris S. F. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryInsomnia is an emerging risk factor for the onset of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its progression to dementia. Impaired cognition and neuropsychiatric symptoms create challenges for persons with MCI to participate actively in non‐pharmacological interventions. This study examined the feasibility and preliminary effects of empowerment‐based cognitive‐behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I) on sleep, cognitive function, and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in persons with MCI and sleep problems. Sixty participants were randomly allocated to the intervention or control group to receive empowerment‐based CBT‐I or usual care, respectively. The 12 week intervention comprised all core CBT‐I techniques delivered through a group and individualised face‐to‐face approach. An empowerment approach with interactive teaching methods, goal setting, and action planning was used to deliver the intervention. Outcome measures included subjective and objective sleep quality and pattern, and a battery of neuropsychological tests and the 12‐item Short Form Survey were administered 3 months (T1) and 6 months post‐randomisation (T2). This intervention is feasible and highly acceptable for persons with MCI. The intervention group showed significant improvements in subjective and objective sleep‐related outcomes compared with the control group. Moreover, the intervention group showed greater improvements in global cognition, processing speed, attention, and mental flexibility than the control group at T1 and/or T2. No significant between‐group differences were observed in memory or HRQoL scores. The qualitative data converged with the quantitative data. In conclusion, empowerment‐based CBT‐I was well received by persons with MCI and had potential positive effects on improving sleep and cognition in this cohort.
Maternal ploidy shapes reproductive pathways in the triploid hybrid Chrosomus eos × eos‐neogaeus
Authors: Lafond Joëlle , Angers Bernard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractElements transferred from a mother to her eggs may strongly influence the phenotype of her offspring. Such maternal effects depend on the genotype of the mother, and while multiple ploidy levels occur naturally in some vertebrate species, studies evaluating the impact of maternal ploidy on offspring are scarce. This paper aimed to test whether maternal ploidy is responsible for the two reproductive phenotypes observed in the triploid fish Chrosomus eos × eos‐neogaeus. Indeed, these hybrids have two different maternal origins (diploid or triploid) and display two reproductive phenotypes, ameiotic and meiotic hybridogenesis, resulting in diploid and haploid eggs, respectively. To this end, we first conducted a genomic survey to identify epigenetic variations in triploid larvae reared under common garden conditions, concordantly with their maternal origin. The results revealed that the polymorphic epigenetic loci of the larvae clustered into two highly distinct groups consistently with the ploidy of their mother. Diagnostic epigenetic loci were then tested in triploid adult females whose reproductive pathways were already known, to infer their own maternal origin. Altogether, the results suggest that triploid larvae from diploid and triploid mothers will develop the ameiotic and meiotic hybridogenesis pathway, respectively. This confirms that the development of a given reproductive pathway in triploid females results from the ploidy of their mother. Overall, this study supports a strong maternal effect, introducing maternal ploidy and reproductive pathways as additional cause and effect of maternal effects, respectively.
Small secreted effector protein from Fusarium sacchari suppresses host immune response by inhibiting ScPi21‐induced cell death
Authors: Huang Zhen , Wang Caixia , Li Huixue , Zhou Yuming , Duan Zhenzhen , Bao Yixue , Hu Qin , Powell Charles A. , Chen Baoshan , Zhang Jisen , Zhang Muqing , Yao Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFusarium sacchari is one of the primary pathogens causing pokkah boeng disease, which impairs the yield and quality of sugarcane around the world. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of the F. sacchari effectors that regulate plant immunity is of great importance for the development of novel strategies for the persistent control of pokkah boeng disease. In a previous study, Fs00367 was identified to inhibit BAX‐induced cell death. In this study, Fs00367nsp (without signal peptide) was found to suppress BAX‐induced cell death, reactive oxygen species bursts and callose accumulation. The amino acid region 113–142 of Fs00367nsp is the functional region. Gene mutagenesis indicated that Fs00367 is important for the full virulence of F. sacchari. A yeast two‐hybrid assay revealed an interaction between Fs00367nsp and sugarcane ScPi21 in yeast that was further confirmed using bimolecular fluorescence complementation, pull‐down assay and co‐immunoprecipitation. ScPi21 can induce plant immunity, but this effect could be blunted by Fs00367nsp. These results suggest that Fs00367 is a core pathogenicity factor that suppresses plant immunity through inhibiting ScPi21‐induced cell death. The findings of this study provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of effectors in regulating plant immunity.
Obesity care for youth during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Challenges youth healthcare nurses experienced in providing obesity care in the Netherlands
Authors: Concincion Siegnella , van Houtum Lieke , van de Vorst Birgitta , Verhoeff Arnoud , Dedding Christine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic deeply affected the lives of children and young people; studies report adverse effects on mental, physical, and social well‐being. However, the impact of the pandemic on obesity care for children received little attention. The aim of this study was to gain insight into the challenges youth healthcare nurses experienced and to describe implications for future obesity care and policy. We conducted interviews, participant observations, and a group session with youth healthcare nurses during the pandemic in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Youth healthcare nurses reported a deterioration in the problems of children and young people who were already in the highest classification for pediatric obesity, such as increased weight gain, mental health problems, and socio‐economic problems. The nurses experienced immense challenges while trying to provide obesity care, such as a decrease in face‐to‐face contact with youth and their families, as well as loss of continuity of care. It is important to reconnect with these families, invest in a trusted relationship with youth receiving obesity care, and prioritize available and accessible obesity care for those who need it the most.
The effects of incretin‐based therapies on weight reduction and metabolic parameters in children with obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Jian‐Ying , Kang Jyun‐Wei , Wu Chih‐Yuan , Peng Tzu‐Rong , Liao Ling‐Mei , Lee Ming‐Chia , Lee Jen‐Ai , Chen Shih‐Ming 
Published: January 2024

SummaryBackgroundGrowing evidence indicates that incretin‐based therapies (IBTs), glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1 RAs), and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors (DPP4is) are effective and safe for treating pediatric obesity patients with or without type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we aimed to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis for updating current evidence.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and the EMBASE database for articles published until September 15, 2023, and limited to randomized control trials. The primary outcomes were changed from baseline in weight metrics and the cardiometabolic profile. A random effects model will be used, as high heterogeneity is expected. All analyses were performed using STATA 17.0.ResultsFifteen trials with a total number of 1286 participants were included in our meta‐analysis. Overall, the mean difference in weight change between the IBTs group and the control group was −2.89 kg (95% confidence interval, −5.12 to −0.65, p = 0.011). Additionally, IBTs significantly reduced the HbA1c level and fasting plasma glucose by 0.37% and 6.99 mg/dl, compared with control groups. IBTs showed a little increased risk of GI side effects and hypoglycemia events, but none of the severe hypoglycemia events were occurred in IBTs group.ConclusionsOur study results have proved that GLP‐1 RAs are safe, acceptable, and effective in weight reduction and sugar control for children with obesity. In addition, DPP‐4is seems to have no effect on glycemic control and weight loss in childhood obesity. Further research is needed to confirm these findings, especially in younger children.
Cyclodextrins as therapeutic drugs for treating lipid metabolism disorders
Authors: Wu Jiao , Li Jingyi , Shao Wenxiang , Hu Yue , Chen Hongfu , Chen Yunhai , Chen Yong , Liu Qian , Ao Meiying 
Published: January 2024

SummaryObjectiveThis study sought to systematically compare the efficacy and mechanism of cyclodextrins as drug interventions in lipid metabolism diseases, potentially providing ideas for subsequent research directions and clinical applications.MethodsWe used the bibliometric method for feature mining, applied VOSviewer software for clustering analysis, and applied content analysis for objective descriptions and accurate analysis.Results(1) We collected more than 50 studies, which is the basic database of this study. (2) The academic bubble map showed that this research area was popular in the United States. (3) Cluster analysis showed that the intensively studied diseases in this field were Niemann–Pick type C (NPC), atherosclerosis (AS), and obesity. The hot‐spot cyclodextrin types were HP‐β‐CD. (4) Literature measurement revealed the involvement of 15 types of lipid metabolism diseases. Among them, NPC, diabetes, and obesity were studied in clinical trials. Dyslipidemia and AS have been reported relatively more frequently in animal experiments. The studies of cellular experiments provide insight into the molecular mechanisms that intervene in lipid metabolism diseases from multiple perspectives. The exploration of the molecular mechanisms by which cyclodextrins exert their pharmacological effects mainly revolves around lipid metabolism.ConclusionIt is worthwhile to investigate the role and mechanism of cyclodextrins in other lipid metabolism diseases. The potential efficacy evaluation of cyclodextrins as pharmaceutical drugs for oral or injectable formulations is less studied and may become a new focus in the future.
Life quality, depression, and anxiety levels in parents of children with primary immunodeficiency
Authors: Kaplan Sarıkavak Sibel , Sarıkavak Talat , Türkyılmaz Uçar Özge , Aydoğmuş Çiğdem , Celiksoy Mehmet Halil 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrimary immune deficiencies (PID) encompasses genetic disorders that result in recurrent infections and immune dysregulation, often increasing the risk of malignancies. The aim of this study is to determine the quality of life, depression, and anxiety in parents of children with PID.MethodsVarious validated assessment tools, including the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the 36‐item Short Form Survey (SF‐36), and a demographic form, were employed to gather data from 85 parents of 64 PID patients and 85 parents of 75 healthy children.ResultsThe findings reveal that parents of PID patients exhibited higher BDI, STAI‐S, STAI‐T, and fatigue subdomain of SF‐36 (p = .013, p = .013, p = .027, p = .000). Both parents had lower energy levels than the normal population, but mothers experienced higher levels of anxiety and depression. PID mothers' had higher scores than fathers of PID patients with healthy children in BDI, STAI‐S, and STAI‐T (p = .002, p = .010, p = .001). Mothers of PID patients reported lower scores in RLEP, E/F, EWB, P, and GH compared to fathers (p = .009, p = .005, p = .034, p = .001, p = .003). Additionally, the study found that STAI‐T influenced all subdimensions of HRQOL. These results highlight the substantial emotional and psychological burden placed on parents caring for children with PID.ConclusionThe study underscores the importance of supporting caregivers to enhance the overall well‐being of both parents and children with PID. Such support can potentially alleviate depression and anxiety levels among parents, ultimately improving their quality of life and aiding in the management of children with PID.