bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2nd Generation 3D V-Cache TM Enablement
Authors: Alam Arsalan , Mandalapu Chandrasekhar , Cheng Patrick , Tseng ChihHsiang , Liu Sean , Wang Liwei , Tanasescu Mihaela , Chowdhury Mahmudur , Garcia Aly , Srivastava Anadi , Vadlamani Sai , Gogineni Sireesha , Mudholkar Tanmay , ORiain Jiali , Kothari Yash , Lee Yong fui , Yang Litao , Yang Anna , Kulkarni Pawan , Blanchet Aaron , Pillman Rita , Weatherford Bryan , Chen Tao , Liu Yolanda , Swaminathan Raja 
Published: January 2025

Here we present AMD’s 2nd generation 3D V-Cache TM technology and package level results. Key highlights are: 1. Use of face to back (F2B) stacking of 7 nm node cache memory chiplet (SRAM chiplet) on 5 nm node logic chiplet (“Zen 4” compute chiplet). 2. Bond pad via (BPV) landing on top Aluminum pad (AP) instead of top metal layer With the slowdown in Moore’s Law, heterogeneously integrated chiplet architecture enabled by advanced packaging technologies is becoming essential to enabling the continued economically viable growth of power efficient computing. Decreasing interconnect pitches between the various chiplets, beyond what the conventional solder-based packaging techniques offer, is needed to achieve the required power, performance, area, and cost (PPAC) improvements. We demonstrate hybrid bonding (HB) of stacked chiplets at 9 um bond pitches with die to wafer (D2W) stacking to enable an order of magnitude higher bandwidth between chiplets at lower power and latency compared to existing packaging technologies. Moreover, in the top chiplet, the BPV lands on the top AP instead of the M13 top metal layer, enabling shorter connectivity path. Extensive reliability of these parts in an LGA MCM package has been completed, with the units successfully passing suite of package reliability tests.
Comparing the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and peripapillary vasculature in the fellow eye of patients with unilateral retinal vein occlusion to normal controls
Authors: Ibrahim Raghda M. , Tolba Doaa A. , Ahmed Heba M. , Esmat Soheir M. , Hasan Lameece M. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and the radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) density in the fellow eyes of patients having unilateral retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Patients and methods
This is a prospective case–control observational analytic study that was conducted at the Ophthalmic Diagnostic and Laser Unit in Cairo University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt. It included the fellow eyes of 57 patients having unilateral RVO [29 cases with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and 28 with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO)] and 57 normal participants as a control group. Peripapillary optical coherence tomography angiography was performed and the RPC density and the peripapillary RNFL thickness were automatically calculated.

Results
In the RVO fellow eyes, the peripapillary RNFL was statistically significantly thinner regarding the average, superior quadrant, nasal quadrant, and temporal quadrant (P=0.003, 0.026, 0.005, and ˂0.001, respectively). In addition, they showed significantly thinner ganglion cell complex (GCC) (P˂0.001) and RPC density within the whole image, inferior hemisphere, nasal quadrant, and temporal quadrant than in the normal controls (P=0.007, 0.004, 0.003, and 0.024, respectively). There were no statistically significant differences regarding the GCC, RNFL thickness, and RPC density between the BRVO and the CRVO fellow eyes. The RNFL thickness showed a significant positive correlation with the RPC density (r=0.534, P˂0.001).

Conclusion
Compared to healthy controls, the fellow eyes of cases having unilateral RVO exhibited lower peripapillary microvascular parameters and thinner GCC and RNFL. The RNFL thickness was positively correlated with the peripapillary vessel density.
The cosmetic outcome of acrylic spherical implants followed by prefabricated ocular prosthesis as a cost-effective option for disfiguring eyes in developing countries during economic constraints
Authors: Amer Ahmed A. , Abdel-Rahman Osman Hamdy O. , Ahmed Esam S. , Abdelrahman Amr A. , Elbarawy Ahmed A. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the cosmetic outcome of acrylic spherical implants followed by the application of the prefabricated ocular prosthesis in Egyptian patients as an example of developing countries.

Patients and methods
This is a retrospective study that was conducted in Egypt on patients who underwent ocular evisceration with acrylic spherical implant followed by the application of prefabricated ocular prosthesis during the period from October 2019 to March 2024. The clinical data of all recruited patients were reviewed including demographic data, ophthalmic evaluation, indication of evisceration, and postoperative follow-up data.

Results
The study included 42 patients with a mean age of 38.24±13.2 years. The cause of evisceration was endophthalmitis in 15 (35.7%) patients, absolute glaucoma in eight (19%) patients, atrophia/phthisis bulbi in seven (16.7%) patients, anterior staphyloma in seven (16.7%) patients, and trauma in five (11.9%) patients. Prefabricated prostheses were applied to all patients with an estimated cost of 7$ after evisceration with an acrylic implant which is estimated to a cost of about 20$. During the first week of follow-up, ocular discomfort was reported in 38 (90.5%) patients, pain in 29 (69.1%) patients, discharge in 21 (50%) patients, lid edema in 13 (30.9%) patients, chemosis in 21 (50%) patients, and wound dehiscence in two (4.8%) patients. At the 6-month follow-up, the discomfort was reduced to three (7.1%) patients, discharge to seven (16.7%) patients, and three patients had ptosis. No cases of implant migration or extrusion were reported, and cosmetic satisfaction was achieved in 40 (95.2%) patients. The multivariate Cox hazard regression model showed that good wound healing had a 78% less liability for complications.

Conclusion
The use of acrylic spherical implants after evisceration followed by prefabricated ocular prosthesis is a highly cost-effective option for disfiguring eyes in developing countries.
Mainstreaming Millets: Reviving the Miracle Grain for Addressing Rising Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases
Authors: Singh Arunjeet , Thakur Jarnail Singh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Millets have been known and grown in India since the Vedic times and have been part of traditional Indian diets ever since. Production and consumption of millets saw a considerable decline after the Green Revolution. The opportunity cost of substituting wheat and rice with millets is evident now with an incremental increase in the incidence and mortality of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) over successive decades. Food security, climate crisis, and the inherent resilience of the crop to grow in semi-arid climates have been some of the key factors that have been instrumental in reviving the millet story. Millets being rich in micronutrients, fibers, and a low glycemic index are ideally suited to address the rising burden of NCDs. Stewardship by the government in the form of policy inputs and creating a favorable ecosystem with the involvement of farmers, industry, and even consumers to mainstream the grain has seen a paradigm shift in the past decade. 2023 will be observed as the International Year of Millets by the United Nations which will provide the platform to not only advocate the health benefits attributed to the grain but also mainstream millets in the international arena.
Challenges Faced by Community Health Officers and Beneficiary Satisfaction Related to Telemedicine Services at Health and Wellness Centers: A Mixed-Method Study from a Block of West Bengal
Authors: Dutta Sinjita , Chakrabarti Sreetama , Basu Mausumi , Manna Sukanta 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Telemedicine services by community health officers (CHOs) at health and wellness centers (HWCs) in West Bengal were introduced to provide specialist doctors’ consultation, faster diagnosis, free treatment, and universal health coverage in rural areas to reduce the burden of noncommunicable diseases. The challenges and beneficiary satisfaction related to these services are yet to be evaluated. This study was conducted to explore the challenges faced by the CHOs and find out the factors associated with beneficiary satisfaction related to telemedicine services. A mixed-method study with convergent parallel design was conducted among 6 CHOs and 101 beneficiaries attending the HWCs for telemedicine services at Budge Budge-II block, West Bengal, from June to July 2022. Quantitative data were collected using predesigned, pretested, prestructured schedules by face-to-face interview, while one focus-group discussion was conducted among CHOs for qualitative data. Out of 101 beneficiaries, 71.3% were 31–60 years of age, 53.5% were females, and 53.4% were educated at least to the secondary level. 71.3% beneficiaries stated that the average time taken for telemedicine consultation was up to 30 minutes. The challenges faced by the CHOs included doctors’ unavailability at a particular time of the day, technical issues with the service portal, time crunch, and meeting the daily fixed patient target. Beneficiary satisfaction was significantly associated with the availability of doctors and time taken for the consultation. The overall satisfaction index of the beneficiaries was 55.8%. Quality services along with beneficiary satisfaction can be improved by ensuring doctors’ availability, user-friendly service portals, and appropriate time for each consultation.
A study on Evaluation of Patient Satisfaction with National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme Services in Ahmedabad, India
Authors: Shukla Rujul , Solanki Sahil , Dave Viral , Modi Bhavesh , Solanki Rajesh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
India accounts for the highest burden of tuberculosis cases in the world. Patient satisfaction is a key criterion for evaluating the quality of healthcare services as satisfaction has been found to be associated with superior compliance and better outcomes. Study was planned with the objectives to assess the patient’s satisfaction regarding treatment-related services under NTEP.

Materials and Methods:
Community-based cross-sectional study was carried out at Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC) Area. A total of 200 participants were included in the study from various zones of AMC. Probability-proportional-to-size sampling was done and patients seeking care at public (126; 63%) and private (74; 37%) healthcare facilities were included. Questionnaire contained questions related to general sociodemographic profile of participants and satisfaction to NTEP service for which, PSQ-18 Questionnaire was utilized.

Results:
Overall satisfaction to NTEP services was found to be 86%. Amongst public healthcare facilities satisfaction was found to be 86.5% whereas in private healthcare facility it was 85.1%. Compliance to TB treatment was found in 91.5% of participants. Domains such as general satisfaction, communication, time spent with doctors, and accessibility and convenience were found to be statistically significant at private facility compared with public healthcare facility.

Conclusion:
Statistically significant difference was found between patient satisfaction at public and private health facilities in domains of general satisfaction, communication, time spent with doctor, and accessibility and convenience. The same domains at public and private type of healthcare facilities were found to have statistically significant role in treatment compliance by study participants.
Benefits and Limitations of Flipped Classroom
Authors: Dsouza Madonna J , Divyabharathy R , Arun Daniel J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In the digital age of learning, new learning ecologies provide students with new web-based learning opportunities and resources. Medical education is reaching a new trend in teaching–learning methods by providing student-centered teaching. Flipped classroom is one among the teaching–learning methods. The contribution of the flipped classroom to education is discussed in relation to the changes in students’ and instructors’ roles. Subsequently, flipped classroom advantages and drawbacks are illustrated. For the current article literature was searched in databases PubMed and Scopus and only articles related to medical teaching were included. Studies on non-academic or informal settings without relevance to flipped classrooms were excluded. The study’s findings suggest that creating successful flipped classroom environments may be aided by carefully considering the cautions and suggestions given in the literature and also this article attempts to inform those who are thinking of using new technologies and approaches to deliver courses.
Prevalence of Low Bone Mineral Density among Narikuravar Women of 18–45 Years of Age in Sakkimangalam Village, Madurai, 2021
Authors: Priya S , Sridevi PN , Thirukumaran R , Robinson J , Muthuraman A Kannan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Low bone mineral density comprising of both osteopenia and osteoporosis is a major health problem affecting 81% of elderly women. It is a silent disease causing bone fractures, thereby decreasing the quality of life. However, the real basis lies in the failure to achieve adequate bone mass at a young age due to nutritional and other factors. Women, especially tribes, lack a healthy diet. Studies on bone mineral density (BMD) among tribes were scarce. Hence, the need for the present study is observed.

Material and Methods:
1. To estimate the prevalence of low BMD among Narikuravar women of 18–45 years. 2. To determine the association of BMD with sociodemographic factors and dietary calcium intake. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Narikuravar colony, Sakkimangalam village, Madurai. Out of 210 women aged 18–45 (obtained from Family Register), 146 eligible participants were interviewed using a validated semi-structured questionnaire. BMD was measured using calcaneal USG and WHO T score calculated. Analysis was done by SPSS 21.0. Simple proportions were calculated. The Chi-square test and correlation were used to find an association.

Results:
Based on the WHO T score, the prevalence of low BMD was 55.5% (n = 81). One hundred percent of study participants had a calcium intake less than the daily requirement. Low BMD was significantly associated (P < 0.05) with lower educational status, alcohol, increasing age (r = −0.750), and low calcium intake (r = 0.188).

Conclusions:
A high prevalence of low BMD warrants early screening at the primary care level itself to improve quality of life in the future. Health education on nutrition, physical activity, and alcohol cessation can be given in multiple sessions.
A novel method of using indocyanine green fluorescence technique for nephron-sparing surgery
Authors: Nayyar Rishi , Das Chandan J. , Gupta Prashant 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Two complex small renal masses were operated using a novel method of utilising indocyanine green fluorescence for nephron-sparing surgery (NSS), overcoming its current limitations of short duration of effect and non-enhancement of the tumor. The dye was emulsified with ethiodized oil and a 1:1 mixture was administered on the morning of the surgery using superselective cannulation of the direct tumoral blood supply. The fluorescence could be used throughout the entire course of the surgery irrespective of arterial clamping, allowing quick tumor identification, edge marking, and near-enucleation over enucleoresection. This novel method has the potential to aid the surgeon during various critical steps of NSS.
Total Knee Arthroplasty versus Bicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty for Bicompartmental Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Sodavarapu Praveen , Ksheerasagar Vivek P. , Khan Shahnawaz , Ghosh Akash 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
The majority of bicompartmental osteoarthritis (OA) knee is currently being managed with total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which leads to the loss of the completely intact compartment and the anterior or both cruciate ligament. Bicompartmental knee arthroplasty (BKA) preserve bone stock and the cruciates, resulting in a more kinematically efficient knee with normal gait pattern and knee mechanics. Nevertheless, TKA continues to be preferred for bicompartmental OA knee, due to the lack of conclusive evidence regarding the survival of BKA. Therefore, this study is intended to provide more supportive evidence regarding the management of bicompartmental OA knee, by analyzing the intraoperative and postoperative outcomes of these patients undergoing BKA versus TKA.

Methods:
All the studies extracted from online databases using the prespecified search terms were pooled together along with their abstracts and other relevant details. After screening through all the databases, the final 10 studies were included. Data were extracted and organized into two groups and statistical analysis was done.

Results:
Among the total of 561 patients, the mean age ranged from 52 to 67.2 years and the mean follow-up ranged from 12 months to 60 months among the studies. Blood loss was higher in the TKA group compared to the BKA group. The duration of surgery was found to be more in the BKA group compared to the TKA group owing to the longer learning curve. ROM was more in BKA compared to the TKA group. Overall, the complications were higher in BKA than in TKA, which was statistically significant (P = 0.04). Although knee stiffness, infection and aseptic loosening rates were similar in both groups, adverse effects such as anterior knee pain and patellar subluxation were higher in the BKA group. The incidence of revision was higher in the BKA group when compared to the TKA group. Functional outcome scores were statistically equivalent in both of the groups.

Conclusion:
BKA was not found to be superior to TKA in the bicompartmental OA knee. Although functional scores were found to be equivalent in both groups. Overall complications and revision rates were higher in BKA than in TKA.
Melioidosis and Burkholderia pseudomallei: Disease mechanisms, drug resistance, and treatment challenges
Authors: Rout Sikha Swarupa , Roy Saptarshi , Mishra Surya Narayan , Sahoo Lulup Kumar , Sahu Kundan Kumar , Panigrahy Rajashree 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Melioidosis, which is often referred to as Whitmore’s illness, is a potentially fatal infection that arises from the environmental Gram-negative bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei. These bacteria can have a fatality rate of up to 40% and are typically characterized by numerous abscesses and pneumonia. Functional neutrophil defects, often linked to risk factors like diabetes, may significantly contribute to the pathophysiology of melioidosis. Research has identified virulence factor, such as type III secretion system, which enables phagocytes to evade killing mechanisms. While cell-mediated immunity may play a role, repeated environmental exposure does not lead to the development of protective humoral or cellular immunity. A vaccine is being developed for the same; however, in many endemic places, vaccination may not be a feasible option due to financial constraints. The signs and symptoms of these diseases are unpredictable, and there are currently no speedy, practical, affordable, or reliable diagnostic tools in the market; instead, diagnosis majorly relies on the culture of the organism. Even with the development of intravenous ceftazidime and carbapenem therapies, severe sepsis and its consequences remain a major cause of mortality in melioidosis cases. To prevent recurrence, a prolonged course of oral medication aimed at complete eradication is required. To lessen the impact of this illness, research on the importance of prophylactic interventions, early clinical detection, and improved care of severe sepsis is needed.
Temporal dynamics of the burn wound microbiome and their resistance towards various antibiotics: A hospital-based observational study
Authors: Rout Swikrutee , Kumar Rahul , Sahu Kundan Kumar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Burn wounds are highly susceptible to bacterial infections due to compromised skin barriers, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens pose a major challenge in burn care, often complicating treatment outcomes. In India, the prevalence of MDR infections in burn patients is rising, necessitating continuous surveillance and infection control. Gender-based variations in infection patterns and resistance profiles remain underexplored. This study investigates bacterial infection prevalence, resistance patterns, and gender disparities among burn patients at SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, providing crucial insights for improving clinical management.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study analyzed data from 101 burn wound patients (60 males, 40 females) admitted to SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar. Burn wound swabs were aseptically collected, cultured on standard microbiological media, and bacterial isolates were identified using biochemical tests and automated systems. Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method per CLSI guidelines, with MDR defined as resistance to three or more antibiotic classes. Data were analyzed to assess bacterial prevalence, resistance patterns, and gender disparities. Ethical approval was obtained, and patient confidentiality was maintained.

Result:
A total of 101 pus samples were collected from burn wounds, including 60 males and 41 females. The 31-40 age group had the highest sample count (25), with 16 males and 9 females. Acinetobacter baumannii cplx caused the most infections in females, while Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR) was predominant in males. Twenty-eight different bacterial species were identified, with Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR), Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR), and Acinetobacter baumannii cplx being the most frequent in both genders. Several bacteria, such as Burkholderia cepacia, Candida auris, and Providencia rettgeri, showed high resistance to multiple antibiotics. Escherichia coli displayed 72.41% resistance, while its MDR strain exhibited 88.88% resistance. Klebsiella pneumoniae and its MDR strain showed resistance rates of 86.95% and 94.44%, respectively. The findings underscore the prevalence of MDR bacterial infections in burn patients. Detailed data on bacterial infections and resistance patterns are presented in tables and figures.

Conclusion:
This study highlights the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections among burn wound patients at SUM Hospital, with notable gender disparities in dominant pathogens. The findings underscore the urgent need for improved infection control measures and targeted treatment strategies. Continued surveillance of antibiotic resistance patterns is crucial for effective burn care management.
A mysterious case of oral agony: Unraveling herpetic gingivostomatitis in a 6-year-old girl with recent dengue history
Authors: Mohakud Nirmal Kumar , Jena Chinmay 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Herpetic gingivostomatitis, the primary oral manifestation of herpes simplex virus infection, presents in children as painful oral ulcers, erythematous gingiva, and systemic symptoms such as fever. This case report highlights a 6-year-old girl with herpetic gingivostomatitis following a recent dengue infection, emphasizing immune modulation due to sequential viral infections. Diagnosis was confirmed by clinical presentation and supportive investigations. The child responded well to oral acyclovir, paracetamol, and topical anesthetics, achieving symptom resolution within five days. This case underscores the importance of considering post-viral herpetic manifestations in children and highlights prompt management strategies to ensure rapid recovery.