bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase synchronization under mixed synapse between two heterogeneous functional neurons
Authors: Jiang Lingfeng , Xiong Li , An Xinlei , Zhang Jiangang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Nervous system contacts and regulates the various systems and organs of the body by encoding and transmitting information, so it becomes important to explore the synaptic connections between neurons. In this study, two functional neurons are obtained by embedding Josephson junction and memristor in the FHN neuron circuit, and then based on Helmholtz’s theorem their Hamilton energies are calculated and investigated when coupled channel is awakened. There are weak but stable and orderly electromagnetic fields around human tissues and organs due to the transmembrane flow of ions, and their equilibrium state is easily disturbed and destroyed by the external electromagnetic fields, which should be considered when neuron model are investigated. Thus, an induction coil and a charge-controlled memristor (CCM) are used to perceive magnetic and electric fields respectively to couple the two function neurons, then mixed synapse is activated and synaptic plasticity is detect by parameter modulation and energy exchange. It is found that energy is continuously pumped along the coupling channel even if the synaptic connection is increased further, and two different functional neurons can only achieve quasi-phase synchronization or phase lock. However, the coupling strength threshold for achieving quasi-phase synchronization is lowered under hybrid synapses, and the possible mechanism may be that the addition of induction coil and CCM can induce time-varying electric and magnetic fields, which in turn facilitate the energy exchange in the coupled system. This study not only helps us to reveal the synchronization phenomenon of certain neurons observed in experiments, but also to explain the occurrence of pathological synchronization in the nervous system.
Deep learning assisted fractal slotted substrate MIMO antenna with characteristic mode analysis (CMA) for Sub-6 GHz n78 5 G NR applications: design, optimization and experimental validation
Authors: Babu K Vasu , Sudipta Das , Sree Gorre Naga Jyothi , Almawgani Abdulkarem H M , Islam Tanvir , Alhawari Adam R H 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article presents the design and optimization of a Deep Learning assisted MIMO antenna for 5 G New Radio (NR) applications in Sub-6 GHz band. The Prototype of the simulated geometry has been practically modelled and experimentally tested to validate the theoretical results. The optimized two-port MIMO antenna of 48 × 24 mm2 size is designed using fractal slotted substrate geometry. The concept of characteristic mode analysis (CMA) method is performed to characterize the performance of the proposed slotted substrate monopole MIMO Antenna. Usually, Optimization techniques based on traditional electromagnetic simulation tools (CST, HFSS, etc) are time-consuming for the design purpose of complex MIMO antenna geometries. The simulation studies using electromagnetic simulation tools are needed to be performed repeatedly to evaluate the optimum geometrical parameters for achieving better acceptable performance. In order to solve this issue, Deep Learning (DL) method-based design optimization approach is considered as an effective technique for determining the optimum physical parameters. In this article, Deep learning method based Dual-Channel type Deep Neural Network (DC-DNN) optimization technique is suggested to estimate the S-parameters. The generated data is fed to DC-DNN acting as a surrogate model to map the input features with the reflection and transmission coefficients, thereby enabling the search for the optimum design parameters to obtain the best performance. The diversity parameters are observed within acceptable limits and the characteristic parameters related to impedance and radiation performance are best suitable for lower sub-6 GHz n78 (3300–3800 MHz) 5 G NR network applications.
Axion helioscopes as solar thermometers
Authors: Hoof Sebastian , Jaeckel Joerg , Thormaehlen Lennert J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Axions, if discovered, could serve as a powerful new messenger for studying astrophysical
objects. In this study we show how the Sun's spatial and spectral “axion image” can be inverted
to infer the radial dependence of solar properties in a model-independent way. In particular, the
future helioscope IAXO may allow us to accurately reconstruct the Sun's temperature profile T(r)
in the region up to about 80% (40%) of the solar radius for an axion-photon coupling
g

aγγ of 6 × 10-11 GeV-1 (10-11 GeV-1). The statistical fluctuations
in the photon data lead to a median precision of better than 10% (16%) in this region, and the
corresponding median accuracy was better than 4% (7%). While our approach can simultaneously
infer the radial profile of the Debye scale κ
s(r), its weaker connection to the
axion production rate leads to median accuracy and precision of worse than 30% and 50%,
respectively. We discuss possible challenges and improvements for realistic setups, as well as
extensions to more general axion models. We also highlight advantages of helioscopes over
neutrino detectors.
Proton capture in compact dark stars and observable implications
Authors: Betancourt Kamenetskaia Boris , Brenner Anja , Ibarra Alejandro , Kouvaris Chris 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Asymmetric dark matter under certain conditions could form compact star-like objects, which can be searched either through gravitational lensing or by observation of gravitational waves from binaries involving such compact objects. In this paper we analyze possible signatures of such dark stars made of asymmetric dark matter with a portal to the Standard Model. We argue that compact dark stars could capture protons and electrons from the interstellar medium, which then accumulate in the core of the dark star, forming a very hot gas that emits X-rays or γ-rays. For dark matter parameters compatible with current laboratory constraints, compact dark stars could be sufficiently luminous to be detected at the Earth as point sources in the X-ray or γ-ray sky.
Testing needs for the development and qualification of a breeding blanket for DEMO
Authors: Federici Gianfranco 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to critically review the testing and qualification strategy for the DEMO breeding blanket in Europe, identifying the potential risks and weaknesses and recommending, where necessary, the changes required to strengthen or accelerate the programme. Based on the information presented in this paper, a risk mitigation strategy is required to reduce the technological, licencing, and regulatory risks associated with the performance and reliability of the breeding blanket technologies for DEMO. An attractive mitigation option, which was originally proposed more than 30 years ago but not implemented, is to perform testing and qualification of breeding blanket technologies and design concepts in a dedicated nuclear plasma device that serves as a 14 MeV volumetric neutron source.
A practitioner’s guide to quantum algorithms for optimisation problems
Authors: Symons Benjamin C B , Galvin David , Sahin Emre , Alexandrov Vassil , Mensa Stefano 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Quantum computing is gaining popularity across a wide range of scientific disciplines due to its potential to solve long-standing computational problems that are considered intractable with classical computers. One promising area where quantum computing has potential is in the speed-up of NP-hard optimisation problems that are common in industrial areas such as logistics and finance. Newcomers to the field of quantum computing who are interested in using this technology to solve optimisation problems do not have an easily accessible source of information on the current capabilities of quantum computers and algorithms. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the theory of quantum optimisation techniques and their practical application, focusing on their near-term potential for noisy intermediate scale quantum devices. The paper starts by drawing parallels between classical and quantum optimisation problems, highlighting their conceptual similarities and differences. Two main paradigms for quantum hardware are then discussed: analogue and gate-based quantum computers. While analog devices such as quantum annealers are effective for some optimisation problems, they have limitations and cannot be used for universal quantum computation. In contrast, gate-based quantum computers offer the potential for universal quantum computation, but they face challenges with hardware limitations and accurate gate implementation. The paper provides a detailed mathematical discussion with references to key works in the field, as well as a more practical discussion with relevant examples. The most popular techniques for quantum optimisation on gate-based quantum computers, the quantum approximate optimisation algorithm and the quantum alternating operator ansatz framework, are discussed in detail. However, it is still unclear whether these techniques will yield quantum advantage, even with advancements in hardware and noise reduction. The paper concludes with a discussion of the challenges facing quantum optimisation techniques and the need for further research and development to identify new, effective methods for achieving quantum advantage.
Strength Enhancement and Deformability of Confined High-Strength Steel Fiber Concrete After Burning
Authors: Purwanto  , Antonius  , Setiyawan Prabowo , Krisdiyanto Aris 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study investigates post-burning steel fibrous concrete that aims to identify the mechanical quantities affecting the behavior of confined steel fibrous concrete after burning. A total of 72 specimens of unconfined concrete and confined concrete were made by reviewing design parameters, namely concrete compressive strength (fc

’), fiber fraction and duration of combustion (1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours). All specimens were monotonically compressed with a deformation control testing system. The parameters discussed from the experimental results represent the strength of the confined concrete (fccf
’), the peak strain of the confined concrete (εccf
′), and the strain of the confined concrete after the peak stress is exceeded and decreases by 50% (εcc50f
). The experimental results showed that for concrete with higher volume fractions of fiber (0%, 1% and 2%), the relative strength enhancement of confined concrete (K value) indicates an increase in the value of K although it is not significant. On the other hand, in general, the values of εccf′ and εcc50f tend to increase significantly at post peak response, if the confined steel fiber concrete specimen is burned for a longer time and volume fraction of fiber were higher. The increase in the strain of confined concrete is one indication that the specimen is more ductile with increasing burning time.
Numerical Study on Slender Circular Reinforced Concrete Column Clamped with Steel Sheet
Authors: Yansiku Sandy I. , Piscesa Bambang , Suprobo Priyo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Various methods to enhance the performance of circular reinforced concrete column have been widely investigated. However, most researches used internal strengthening method such as intensifying steel reinforcement. Others utilized carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP), glass fiber and aramid to retrofit either reinforcement or concrete surface. Few studies incorporated steel to cover concrete surface but neglecting clamp pressure between steel and concrete surface. This study proposes a steel sheet strap strengthening method by initial clamping stress on steel sheets as an external confining technique through experimental works and in-depth numerical analysis. The experimental investigation includes nine steel sheet strengthened reinforced concrete specimens of 20 MPa subjected to axial concentric and axial eccentric. Retrofitting devices will be fabricated from BJ37 steel. Steel sheet straps in each specimen will be subjected to varying initial clamp pressure by fastening bolts. Applied load, lateral displacement and vertical and horizontal deformation will be measured by the instrumentation. Experimental works will observe failure mode, force displacement, stress and ductility. Section analysis based on experimental results will define compatibility equations for numerical stage. Strengthening model from experimental stage will also be analyzed in numerical study with inhouse software 3DNLFEA. F-D curve and moment-curvature loading behavior and ductility will be obtained from numerical analysis. It is believed that the proposed strengthening mechanism with its geometrical and stress variations could enhance the section, member and structural ductility of circular reinforced column against vertical and lateral load. Furthermore, the developed analytical model could well predict the behavior of the proposed clamp mechanism for practical applications.
Experimental study on replaceable shear link on reinforced concrete shear wall
Authors: Moestopo M , Kusumastuti D , Kurniawan  
Published: October 2023

AbstractExperimental study has been conducted on specimens of a half-scale coupled reinforced concrete shear wall with steel coupling beam and an inserted shear link, to investigate the seismic performance of the core-wall and the replaceability of the shear link as a mechanical damper to dissipate the seismic energy. The link was designed following requirements for typical shear link, while the coupling beams as well as the shear wall were designed based on the link capacity. The result showed that under the prescribed cyclic loading (AISC 341-2016), the sub-assembly performed as expected, as shown by a good hysteretic curve with the plastic strain of shear link exceeded 0.08 radian. The damage was limited on the shear link, while the steel coupling beam and steel bar in the reinforced concrete wall remained elastic. Moreover, the experimental study showed no permanent distortion on the steel coupling beam after series of shear-link replacement. This confirmed the replaceability of the shear links as an excellent seismic device in the core-wall system.
Hybrid viscoelastic damper using natural rubber compound, waste of rubber tire crumb with various compacted sands (iron sand, natural sand, and silica sand) to increase damping property for non-engineered buildings
Authors: Edwin  , Priyosulistyo Henricus 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To reduce lateral deformation due to earthquake shake has been carried out by strengthening techniques. Such techniques require additional structural elements such as bracing or shear wall, if not applying additional new materials on beams or columns such as CFRP. This study focuses on the formation of the hybrid rubber dampers from materials such as natural rubber compound (NRC), waste of rubber tire crumb (WRTC), compacted natural sand, iron sand, and silica sand. The main goal of this research is to investigate the dynamic properties of hybrid materials of compacted various sands encapsuled with the NRC and WRTC compound. Nonetheless, the mechanical properties of rubber, such as tensile strength and modulus of elasticity, were also tested. In this research, the specimens were in the form of a square block of 100 x 100 mm2 base and 25 mm thickness and consisted of two types of specimens for reference i.e., fully natural rubber compound (NRC) and blended NRC with 25% by volume of the WRTC, namely MRTC. Furthermore, other three types of hybrid viscoelastic dampers (HVD) were also provided i.e., 1) compacted natural sand, 2) compacted iron sand, and 3) compacted silica sand, which were all wrapped with WRTC in a proportion of 3:4 by volume. The results show that the addition of the MRTC reduces the tensile strength and elastic modulus in comparison to the NRC but increases the damping properties. Moreover, the elaboration of compacted natural sand, iron sand, and silica sand in the HVD also shows an increase in the damping properties up to 200%.
Shear Capacity of Hollow Reinforced Concrete Members without Stirrups
Authors: Thamrin R , Dewi SH , Asrianur A , Yastari FP , Zaidir Z , Haris S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper presents experimental results on the shear capacity of hollow reinforced concrete members without stirrups. The area of the hollow was 2.32% of the concrete cross-sectional area. The hollow size used in this study is smaller than the maximum percentage required in the code, where the maximum hollow area was 4% of the total cross-sectional area. The longitudinal reinforcement used in the specimen varies with the three types of reinforcement ratios. The test was carried out using the four-point shear test to achieve the expected shear failure mode. The loading was given monotonically until the specimen failed. Analytical flexural capacity was also calculated using the fiber element method. The specimens failed in shear failure mode, indicated by large diagonal cracks in the observed shear span. The influence of the hollow on the shear strength was also compared with the theoretical shear capacity proposed by the code. This comparison shows that the calculated theoretical shear capacity is conservative for hollow reinforced concrete structural elements with a hollow area smaller than 4%. The results of the flexural analysis show that all the specimens did not reach the flexural capacity due to premature shear failure.
The Effect of Adding Gypsum and Lime on Lightweight Interlock Bricks with Merapi Sand as Fine Agregat
Authors: Rakhmawati A , Murtopo A , Sanviani A , Yuwana D S A , Amin M , Arnandha Y 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Lightweight materials will reduce the earthquake forces received by the structure. Interlock lightweight brick is a new innovation in the building industry that functions as wall material. Utilization of local materials in Central Java-Yogyakarta, namely Merapi sand, needs to be developed to maximize its potential utilization as an aggregate of lightweight interlock brick. In many research, lime and gypsum as additives have been shown to improve the quality of concrete. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the addition of gypsum and lime as an added material for lightweight interlock bricks with fine aggregate of Merapi sand. The standard of test object and the test refers to SNI 8640-2018. The results showed that in dry weight all the mixed variations were categorized in the 900 kg/m3 and 1100 kg/m3 classes. All variations also complied with water absorption requirements in SNI 8640-2018, but only variations of 2.5% gypsum addition and 5% lime addition meet the compressive strength requirements. This mixture has the highest average of compressive strength value compared to other mixtures. Based on SNI 8640-2018 lightweight interlock bricks with the addition of 2.5% gypsum and 5% lime can be used as wall bricks.
Performance Evaluation of Structures with Buckling Restrained Braced Frame Under Earthquake Load
Authors: Sari D Y , Lim E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Structures with buckling-restrained braced frames (BRBF) resist lateral load, i.e., earthquake, using special bracings that yield under axial tension and compression loads. Following the applicable building code SNI 1726-2019, the design for the BRBF structure has a limitation on the structure height for seismic design category D, which is 48 meters. Three structures are modelled: a 5-story building, a 10-story building, and a 20-story building, to evaluate the height limitation on the code. The initial design of the structures used modal response spectrum analysis (MRSA), then the structures were checked using linear response history analysis (LRHA). Finally, a pushover analysis was conducted to obtain the structural performance level. The study revealed that the structural design for BRBF with MRSA satisfies all requirements of SNI 1726-2019. However, the results of the evaluation of BRBF with LRHA show a structure exceeding the height limit does not meet the requirement for inter-story drift. The pushover analysis showed that the structure’s performance reached the Immediate Occupancy (IO) level. Thus, all structures with BRBF in this study that were designed using MRSA have satisfactory performance under the seismic design load, even though the height limit has been exceeded.
Analysis Of RC Precast Modular Building with Frame Element Approach
Authors: Johan C , Satyarno I , Awaludin A , Fikri R , Setiawan A F 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Concrete buildings with modular systems are still not widely used for high-rise buildings. One of the main reasons is the lack of knowledge regarding the structural design of concrete modular buildings. In Indonesia itself, there are not even many concrete modular buildings because the majority of the area is surrounded by earthquake zones. This study aims to develop a frame analysis method using a section designer for structural analysis of concrete modular buildings. The function of using frame elements is to simplify the calculations that should be modelled with shell elements in order to ensure that the connection between segments occurred only vertically. The analysis was carried out for an 8-storey apartment modular building composed of 4 module segments (M-24A, M-24B, M-36A and M-36B). Seismic analysis was carried out using the parameters of the city of Kutai with Sds
= 0.27 and Sd1
= 0.3. All module segments are capable of enduring the maximum moment caused by seismic loading. The M-36B segment has a maximum moment capacity of 62,318.73 kNm and can withstand an ultimate moment of 2,227.55 kNm. The combined effect of the earthquake due to the response spectrum created maximum building story drift of 0.11% does not exceed the required limit of 2%.
The effect of floor slabs in a structure with frame shear walls modeling in pushover analysis
Authors: Sweiga A G Y , Satyarno I , Supriyadi B 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Pushover is a nonlinear static analysis method that provides information on nonlinear structures’ behavior due to earthquakes. Subsequently, it has been recommended as a reliable tool to help know the capacity of structures. Another consideration is its easiness of interpretation than the nonlinear dynamic analysis. Numerical modeling of the structure plays an important role in this analysis since every detail of modeling could give different results. The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of the existence of floor slabs in a structure with frame shear walls modeling, which considers the frequent attempt to simplify structural modeling. The effect of the position of components assignation is going to be analyzed too, especially floor slabs and beams, whether it was assigned with centroid or top center insertion point in pushover analysis. In this study, an existing hospital building with vertical irregularity has been modeled into four various models using SAP2000. As the result of pushover analysis, every model gives its pushover curves which reflect its behavior. Those results show that the models with floor slabs have higher capacities. In addition, the combination of the assignation of floor slabs and the top center insertion point gives the highest capacity compared to the other models.