bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing Pain and Promoting Healing in Acute Anal Fissure with Individualised Homoeopathic Treatment: A Case Series
Authors: Dixit Ashish Kumar , Yadav Moorat Singh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAnal fissure (AF) is a prevalent cause of severe anal pain and is among the most common anorectal issues encountered in clinical practice. This case series aims to evaluate the effectiveness of individualised homoeopathic medicine (IHM) prescriptions in patients with acute AF. The study included seven diagnosed cases of AF that were treated with personalised homoeopathic medicine. Pain was evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS), and the Outcome in Relation to Impact on Daily Life (ORIDL) score was used to assess treatment outcomes and fissure healing at baseline and during follow-up visits. The Modified Naranjo Criteria were used to evaluate the causal attribution of treatment effects. All seven cases showed a significant reduction in VAS scores from baseline to 3 months (mean score: 8.71 ± 0.95 to 0.143 ± 0.37) and ORIDL score at 1 to 3 months for main complaints and overall well-being was from 2.00 ± 0.00 to 3.00 ± 0.00, and 3.71 ± 0.756 to 3.85 ± 0.37 respectively. Complete healing of the fissure was observed in six cases, while partial healing was noticed in one case. The mean Modified Naranjo Criteria score was 8.71 ± 0.75. Therefore, IHM is useful in reducing pain and promoting healing of acute AF, but more research is needed to validate its efficacy with robust methodology. Additionally, future studies should also investigate the role of Paeonia in treating AF. Nonetheless, the findings offer a potential opportunity to improve treatment options for individuals with this painful condition.
Monochorionic Twin Pregnancy Complicated by Arrhythmia in One Twin: Longitudinal Hemodynamic Effects of Flecainide Cardioversion Assessed by Fetal Venous Doppler
Authors: Einum Anders , von Brandis Philip , Leirgul Elisabeth , Ebbing Cathrine 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA parous woman with a monochorionic twin pregnancy presented at gestational week 25 with an uncommon situation. One twin had developed hydrops, but not due to placental transfusion syndrome. The twin had a supraventricular tachyarrhythmia, a rare and severe complication that untreated would threaten the lives of both twins. We present the longitudinal Doppler ultrasound findings when assessing the hemodynamic effects of the arrhythmia and the transplacental treatment with antiarrhythmic medication (flecainide), and how the arrhythmia and the conversion to normal rhythm influenced umbilical and liver circulation in the fetus.
EXPLORing Arthritis with Total-body Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Chaudhari Abhijit J. , Abdelhafez Yasser G. , Nardo Lorenzo , Raychaudhuri Siba P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractArthritis has significant adverse consequences on musculoskeletal tissues and often other organs of the body. Current methods for clinical evaluation of arthritis are suboptimal, and biomarkers that are objective and measurable indicators for monitoring of arthritis disease activity are in critical demand. Recently, total-body positron emission tomography (PET) has been developed that can collect imaging signals synchronously from the entire body at ultra-low doses and reduced scan times. These scanners have increased signal collection efficiency that overcomes several limitations of standard PET scanners in the evaluation of arthritis, and they may potentially provide biomarkers to assess local and systemic impact of the arthritis disease process. This article reviews current results from using total-body PET in the assessment of common arthritic conditions, and it outlines future opportunities and challenges.
Epidemiological and Genetic Characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia after the Outbreak of COVID-19
Authors: Li Lin , Wang Bing-han , Li Wei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) accounts for a major part of community-acquired pneumonia in children, and we performed this study to investigate the epidemiological and genetic characteristics of MPP after the outbreak of COVID-19.
Methods A total of 15,538 throat swab samples were collected from inpatients with respiratory tract infections from January 2021 to December 2021. All specimens were detected by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The P1 gene of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) in positive samples was amplified and sequenced.
Results From January 2021 to December 2021, a total of 15,538 children with acute respiratory tract infection were tested by real-time RT-PCR in our study, including 9,056 boys and 6,482 girls. Overall, 469 (3.0%, 469/15,538) tested positive for MP, with 266 (2.9%, 266/9,056) males and 203 (3.1%, 203/6,482) females (p = 0.48). The positive rates of MP infection in < 1 year old, 1 to 3 years old, 3 to 5 years old, 5 to 7 years old, and >7 years old groups were 1.31% (85/6,474), 1.87% (64/3,423), 3.65% (95/2,601), 8.02% (127/1,583), and 6.72% (98/1,458), respectively. The homology analysis of the P1 gene of 24 MP positive samples showed that the nucleotide sequence consistency was up to 91.2 to 99.3%.
Conclusion After the outbreak of COVID-19, positive detection rate was the highest from 5 to 7 years old among children with MPP, and the genotype of MP in Hangzhou, China area was focused on P1 subtype, type I.
A durable non-contact reciprocated triboelectric nanogenerator for low-frequency vibration energy harvesting
Authors: Liang Ganggang , Zhao Daoli , Yan Zhimiao , Sun Weipeng , Wang Zhemin , Tan Ting 
Published: November 2023

Harvesting vibration energy using a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a promising approach in solving the power supply restriction of the Internet of Things. Currently, the low durability due to friction surface wearing is the primary limitation of TENGs, which restricts their applicability and practicability. This study introduces a non-contact-type TENG aimed at significantly enhancing its durability by increasing its anti-wear capability. The configuration of the proposed TENG includes permanent magnets and rolling-balls. The reciprocating motion of functional friction surfaces, facilitated by the permanent magnets, enhances the efficiency of harvesting low-frequency vibration energy. The embedded rolling-balls are utilized to separate two functional friction surfaces, which minimizes the friction surface wearing between different dielectric materials. The electrical output characteristics of this non-contact TENG under variable load resistances are explored according to sinusoidal excitation based on either variable frequencies or accelerations. The results demonstrate that the proposed nanogenerator can generate a short-circuit current of 2118.2 nA and achieve a peak power density of 9.891 mW/m2. The electrical responses of this non-contact TENG remain stable over 120 000 continuous working cycles, lasting for more than 200 min. Furthermore, the nanogenerator can identify and harvest energy from running or jumping motions performed by individuals in different postures and at various speeds or heights. With its exceptional durability and stability, this non-contact nanogenerator offers a novel approach to low-frequency vibration energy harvesting, paving the way for practical applications in the field.
Degaussing procedure and performance enhancement by low-frequency shaking of a 3-layer magnetically shielded room
Authors: Allmendinger Fabian , Brauneis Benjamin , Heil Werner , Schmidt Ulrich 
Published: November 2023

We report on the performance of a Magnetically Shielded Room (MSR) intended for next level 3He/129Xe co-magnetometer experiments that require improved magnetic conditions. The MSR consists of three layers of Mu-metal with a thickness of 3 mm each and one additional highly conductive copper-coated aluminum layer with a thickness of 8 mm. It has a cubical shape with a walk-in interior volume with an edge length of 2560 mm. An optimized degaussing (magnetic equilibration) procedure using a frequency sweep with a constant amplitude followed by an exponential decay of the amplitude will be presented. The procedure for the whole MSR takes 21 min, and measurements of the residual magnetic field at the center of the MSR show that |B| &lt; 1 nT can be reached reliably. The chosen degaussing procedure will be motivated by online hysteresis measurements of the assembled MSR and by eddy-current simulations, showing that saturation at the center of the Mu-metal layer is reached. Shielding factors can be improved by a factor ≈4 in all directions by low frequency (0.2 Hz), low current (1 A) shaking of the outermost Mu-metal layer.
Non-perturbative Lee-Wick gauge theory: Towards Confinement & RGE with strong couplings
Authors: Frasca Marco , Ghoshal Anish , Koshelev Alexey S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We consider a non-Abelian Lee–Wick gauge theory and discuss Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin invariance. It contains fourth-order derivative as extensions of the kinetic term, leading to massive ghosts in the theory upon quantization. We particularly provide essential clues towards confinement conditions in strongly-coupled regimes, using the Kugo–Ojima approach, and obtain the

β
−

functions in the non-perturbative regimes. This is achieved using a set of exact solutions of the corresponding local theory in terms of Jacobi elliptical functions. We obtain a similar

β
−

function just as for the ordinary Yang-Mills theory but the main differences are that now, the cut-off arises naturally from the Lee–Wick heavy mass scales (M). We show that the fate of the ghosts are fixed in these regimes: they are no more the propagating degrees of freedom in the infrared-limit. As it also happens for the ordinary case, confinement is due to the non-Abelian nature of the theory. In the limit

M
→
∞

, one recovers the standard results for the local non-Abelian Yang-Mills theory.
Decoherence of a composite particle induced by a weak quantized gravitational field
Authors: Moreira Thiago H , Céleri Lucas C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Even though we have some proposals for the quantum theory of gravity like string theory or loop quantum gravity, we do not have any experimental evidence supporting any of these theories. Actually, we do not have empirical evidence pointing in the direction that we really need a quantum description of the gravitational field. In this scenario, several proposals for experimentally investigating quantum gravitational effects far from the Planck scale have recently appeared in literature, like gravitationally induced entanglement, for instance. An important issue of these approaches is the decoherence introduced by the quantum nature not only of the system under consideration but also from the gravitational field itself. Here, by means of the Feynman–Vernon influence functional, we study the decoherence of a quantum system induced by the quantized gravitational field—in the linearized gravity regime—and also by its own quantum nature. Our results may be significant in better understanding many phenomena like the decoherence induced by the gravitational time-dilation, the quantum reference frames, and the quantum equivalence principle.
Multisynchrosqueezing short-time fractional Fourier transform and its application in rolling bearing instantaneous frequency estimation
Authors: Jiang Licheng , Hu Jianzhong , Zhou Qianfei , Zheng Dejun , Xu Feiyun , Feng Yuegui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Multisynchrosqueezing transform (MSST) enhances the time-frequency energy concentration by using iterative reassignment operations in time-frequency analysis (TFA). However, its effectiveness is limited for signals with rapidly changing instantaneous frequency. To address this issue, this paper presents a novel time-frequency representation (TFR) method called multisynchrosqueezing short-time fractional Fourier transform, which offers improved TF concentration for strongly frequency-modulated signals. Firstly, a high-resolution TFR of the signal is obtained by locally optimized short-time fractional Fourier transform (STFrFT). Secondly, iterative synchrosqueezing operations are introduced to further enhance the STFrFT energy concentration, with a termination strategy relying on Rényi entropy proposed to ascertain the optimal number of iterations. Finally, the ideal TFA with high energy concentration is achieved. The proposed method was validated using multi-scene simulated signals and variable-speed bearing signals. The results show that the proposed method exhibits superior time-frequency energy concentration and instantaneous frequency estimation accuracy. The estimation error of the method is consistently at least 40% lower than that of the compared short-time Fourier transform-based methods, as assessed through the evaluation criteria of maximum relative error, mean square error and symmetric mean absolute percentage error.
Improving BFS measurement accuracy of BOTDR based on Cauchy proximal splitting
Authors: Han Jinfeng , Zhang Jianzhong , Ma Zhe , Liu Shuangshuang , Xu Jinglang , Zhang Yubo , Wang Zhikun , Zhang Mingjiang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A novel approach based on the Cauchy proximal splitting (CPS) algorithm is proposed to improve Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) measurement accuracy in Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry system. The CPS algorithm utilizes proximal splitting to handle the data and the penalty function based on Cauchy distribution to accurately estimate the target signal to promote sparsity, achieving significant improvement in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Experimental results confirm that with a SNR increase of 12.7 dB, an increase in BFS measurement accuracy from 4.78 MHz to 0.43 MHz is achieved over a 10.3 km sensing fiber. The denoising effects of the CPS, wavelet denoising (WD) and non-local mean (NLM) algorithms are further compared, demonstrating that the CPS algorithm has the lowest root mean square error (0.43 MHz) and no deterioration in spatial resolution rather than the WD and NLM algorithms does.
Intelligent damage diagnosis method for offshore platforms based on enhanced stabilization diagrams and convolutional neural network
Authors: Leng Jiancheng , Feng Huiyu , Sun Silei , Zhao Haifeng , Zhou Guoqiang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Considering that it is difficult to evaluate the damage state of offshore platform structures under environmental excitation by stochastic subspace identification (SSI) stability diagrams alone, an intelligent damage diagnosis method based on enhanced stability diagrams and convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed. The data-driven SSI algorithm and covariance-driven SSI algorithm are utilized to identify stability diagrams of monitoring data, and the stability diagrams of the two algorithms are superimposed together for image enhancement. Further, the enhanced stability diagrams are used as input samples for CNN training to distinguish the damage state of the structure. In the meanwhile, the whale optimization algorithm is employed to optimize the hyper parameters of CNN to ulteriorly improve the recognition performance. The final test accuracy of CNN is 97.20%, and is 13.09% higher than before hyper parameter optimization, which indicates that the damage diagnosis method based on enhanced stability diagrams and CNN is reasonable and effective, and is expected to be applied to real-time damage diagnosis of offshore platform structures.
From electron tomography of dislocations to field dislocation mechanics: application to olivine
Authors: Weidner Timmo , Taupin Vincent , Demouchy Sylvie , Gouriet Karine , Guitton Antoine , Cordier Patrick , Mussi Alexandre 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We propose a new procedure to extract information from electron tomography and use them as an input in a field dislocation mechanics. Dislocation electron tomography is an experimental technique that provides three-dimensional (3D) information on dislocation lines and Burgers vectors within a thin foil. The characterized 3D dislocation lines are used to construct the spatial distribution of the equivalent Nye dislocation density tensor. The model dislocation lattice incompatibility equation and stress balance equation are solved with a spectral code based on fast Fourier transform algorithms. As an output of the model, one obtains the 3D distribution of mechanical fields, such as strains, rotations, stresses, resolved shear stresses (RSSs) and energy, inside the material. To assess the potential of the method, we consider two regions from a previously compressed olivine sample. Our results reveal significant local variations in local stress fields and RSSs in various slip systems, which can impact the strong plastic anisotropy of olivine and the activation of different dislocation slip systems. It also evidences the built-up of kinematic hardening down to the nanometre scale.
Charge collection efficiency of commercially available parallel-plate ionisation chambers in ultra-high dose-per-pulse electron beams
Authors: Bourgouin Alexandra , Paz-Martín Jose , Gedik Yunus Can , Frei Franziska , Peier Peter , Rossomme Séverine , Schönfeld Andreas A , Schüller Andreas , Rodriguez Faustino Gomez , Kapsch Ralf-Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective. This investigation aims to experimentally determine the charge collection efficiency (CCE) of six commercially available parallel-plate ionisation chamber (PPIC) models in ultra-high dose-per-pulse (UHDPP) electron beams. Approach. The CCE of 22 PPICs has been measured in UHDPP electron beams at the National Metrology Institution of Germany (PTB). The CCE was determined for a dose per pulse (DPP) range between 0.1 and 6.4 Gy (pulse duration of 2.5 μs). The results obtained with the different PPICs were compared to evaluate the reproducibility, intra- and inter-model variation, and the performance of a CCE empirical model. Main results. The intra-model variation was, on average, 4.0%, which is more than three times the total combined relative standard uncertainty and was found to be greater at higher DPP (up to 20%). The inter-model variation for the PPIC with 2 mm electrode spacing, which was found to be, on average, 10%, was also significant compared to the relative uncertainty and the intra-model variation. The observed CCE variation could not be explained only by the expected deviation of the electrode spacing from the nominal value within the manufacturing tolerance. It should also be noted that a substantial polarity effect, between 0.914(5) and 1.201(3), was observed, and significant intra- and inter-model variation was observed on this effect. Significance. For research and pre-clinical study, the commercially available PPIC with a well-known CCE (directly measured for the specific chamber) and with a small electrode spacing could be used for relative and absolute dosimetry with a lower-limit uncertainty of 1.6% (k = 1) in the best case. However, to use a PPIC as a secondary standard in UHDPP electron beams for clinical purposes would require new model development to reduce the ion recombination, the polarity effect, and the total standard uncertainty on the dose measurement.
Voltage-controlled magnetic solitons motion in an anisotropic ferromagnetic nanowire
Authors: Zhao Yi-Miao , Jin Xin-Wei , Yang Zhan-Ying 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The precise manipulation of magnetic solitons remains a challenge and is considered a crucial process in magnetic storage. In this paper, we investigate the control of velocity and spatial manipulation of magnetic solitons using the voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy effect. A long-wave model, known as the generalized derivative nonlinear Schrödinger (GDNLS) equation, is developed to describe the dynamics of magnetic solitons in an anisotropic ferromagnetic nanowire. By constructing the Lax pair for the GDNLS equation, we obtain the exact solutions including magnetic dark solitons, anti-dark solitons, and periodic solutions. Moreover, we propose two approaches to manipulate magnetic solitons: direct voltage application and inhomogeneous insulation layer design. Numerically results show the direct modulation of soliton velocity by a constant voltage, while time-varying voltage induces periodic oscillations. Investigation of Gaussian-type defects reveals soliton being trapped beyond a critical defect depth. These results provide a theoretical basis for future applications in magnetic soliton-based memory devices.
On the magnetic bistability of small iron clusters used in scanning tunneling microscopy tip preparation
Authors: Yu Jisoo , Urdaniz Corina , Namgoong Young , Wolf Christoph 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The combination of electron spin resonance with scanning tunneling microscopy has resulted in a unique surface probe with sub-nm spatial and neV energy resolution. The preparation of a stable magnetic microtip is of central importance, yet, at the same time remains one of the hardest tasks. In this work, we rationalize why creating such microtips by picking up a few iron atoms often results in magnetically stable probes with two distinct magnetic states. By using density functional theory, we show that randomly formed clusters of five iron atoms can exhibit this behavior with magnetic anisotropy barriers of up to 73 meV. We explore the dependence of the magnetic behavior of such clusters on the geometrical arrangement and find a strong correlation between magnetic and geometric anisotropy—the less regular the cluster the higher its magnetic anisotropy barrier. Finally, our work rationalizes the experimental strategy of obtaining stable magnetic microtips.
Quantum hypothesis testing via robust quantum control
Authors: Xu Han , Wang Benran , Yuan Haidong , Wang Xin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Quantum hypothesis testing plays a pivotal role in quantum technologies, making decisions or drawing conclusions about quantum systems based on observed data. Recently, quantum control techniques have been successfully applied to quantum hypothesis testing, enabling the reduction of error probabilities in the task of distinguishing magnetic fields in presence of environmental noise. In real-world physical systems, such control is prone to various channels of inaccuracies. Therefore improving the robustness of quantum control in the context of quantum hypothesis testing is crucial. In this work, we utilize optimal control methods to compare scenarios with and without accounting for the effects of signal frequency inaccuracies. For parallel dephasing and spontaneous emission, the optimal control inherently demonstrates a certain level of robustness, while in the case of transverse dephasing with an imperfect signal, it may result in a higher error probability compared to the uncontrolled scheme. To overcome these limitations, we introduce a robust control approach optimized for a range of signal noise, demonstrating superior robustness beyond the predefined tolerance window. On average, both the optimal control and robust control show improvements over the uncontrolled schemes for various dephasing or decay rates, with the robust control yielding the lowest error probability.