bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stochastic resonance in Hindmarsh-Rose neural model driven by multiplicative and additive Gaussian noise
Authors: Xu Lianbing , Zhang Gang , Bi Lujie , Li Zhaorui , Wu Xiongwei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the occurrence of stochastic resonance in the three-dimensional Hindmarsh-Rose (HR) neural model driven by both multiplicative and additive Gaussian noise. Firstly, the three-dimensional HR neural model is transformed into the one-dimensional Langevin equation of the HR neural model using the adiabatic elimination method, and the effects of HR neural model parameters on the potential function are analyzed. Secondly the Steady-state Probability Density (SPD), the Mean First-Passage Time (MFPT), and the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of the HR neural model are derived, based on two-state theory. Then, the effects of different parameters (a, b, c, s), noise intensity, and the signal amplitude on these metrics are analyzed through theoretical simulations, and the behavior of particles in a potential well is used to analyze how to choose the right parameters to achieve high-performance stochastic resonance. Finally, numerical simulations conducted with the fourth-order Runge–Kutta algorithm demonstrate the superiority of the HR neural model over the classical bistable stochastic resonance (CBSR) in terms of performance. The peak SNR of the HR neural model is 0.63 dB higher than that of the CBSR system. Simulation results indicate that the occurrence of stochastic resonance occur happens in HR neural model under different values of parameters. Furthermore, under certain conditions, there is a ‘suppress’ phenomenon that can be produced by changes in noise, which provides great feasibilities and practical value for engineering application.
Coherent and incoherent pumping of a three-level laser
Authors: Parvin Babak 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article investigates the quantum and semi-classical aspects of a three-level atom-cavity system within the context of cavity quantum electrodynamics. The study examines the behavior of the system through a quantum perspective and a semi-classical approximation. The steady-state master equation is solved in the atom-cavity basis, resulting in a closed set of equations describing the atom’s level occupancies and the cavity’s photon number. The accuracy of the semi-classical approximation is assessed by comparing it with quantum simulations. The research analyzes the system’s behavior near the laser threshold, highlighting the interplay between semi-classical and quantum behaviors. Additionally, the conversion of the three-level atom to a two-level atom is explored under specific conditions, enabling an investigation into the weak driving limit. Quantum simulation results are used to validate the proposed approximations. This work contributes to the understanding of atom-cavity interactions and provides insights into the transition from semi-classical to quantum behavior in such systems.
Shapes of the cosmological low-speed collider
Authors: Jazayeri Sadra , Renaux-Petel Sébastien , Werth Denis 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Massive particles produced during inflation leave specific signatures in soft limits of correlation functions of primordial fluctuations. When the Goldstone boson of broken time translations acquires a reduced speed of sound, implying that de Sitter boosts are strongly broken, we introduce a novel discovery channel to detect new physics during inflation, called the cosmological low-speed collider signal. This signal is characterised by a distinctive resonance lying in mildly-soft kinematic configurations of cosmological correlators, indicating the presence of a heavy particle, whose position enables to reconstruct its mass. We show that this resonance can be understood in terms of a non-local single-field effective field theory, in which the heavy field becomes effectively non-dynamical. This theory accurately describes the full dynamics of the Goldstone boson
and captures all multi-field physical effects distinct from the non-perturbative particle production leading to the conventional cosmological collider signal. As such, this theory provides a systematic and tractable way to study the imprint of massive fields on cosmological correlators. We conduct a thorough study of the low-speed collider phenomenology in the scalar bispectrum, showing that
large non-Gaussianities with new shapes can be generated, in particular beyond weak mixing. We also provide a low-speed collider template for future cosmological surveys.
The HSPC — a high speed PCIe readout card for the HFRS-TPC
Authors: Tian Jing , Sun Zhipeng , Chang Songbo , Qian Yi , Zhao Hongyun , Hu Zhengguo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A new High-Speed PCI Express (PCIe) readout Card (HSPC) has
been designed to transmit and aggregate data from the Time
Projection Chamber (TPC) that will be assembled on High energy
FRagment Separator (HFRS) beamlines at the High Intensity heavy-ion
Accelerator Facility (HIAF) currently being built in Huizhou City,
China. The HSPC features a high-performance controller utilizing the
Xilinx Kintex Ultrascale Series Field Programmable Gate Array
(FPGA), two Quad Small Form-factor Pluggable Plus (QSFP+)
connectors, and a PCIe Gen3×8 interface with theoretical
bandwidth of 64 Gbps. Experimental testing shows that there are no
errors on the 8-fiber optics when operating at 9.6 Gbps per link,
and the bit error rate (BER) is less than 1.0 × 10-15. In
addition, the total read bandwidth of PCIe Gen3×8 reaches
7085.4 MB/s. Consequently, the HSPC can meet HFRS requirements.
Evaluation of Antarctic sea ice thickness and volume during 2003–2014 in CMIP6 using Envisat and CryoSat-2 observations
Authors: Hou Yaqi , Nie Yafei , Min Chao , Shu Qi , Luo Hao , Liu Jiping , Yang Qinghua 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sea ice thickness (SIT), which is a crucial and sensitive indicator of climate change in the Antarctic, has a substantial impact on atmosphere-sea-ice-ocean interactions. Despite the slight thinning in SIT and reduction in sea ice volume (SIV) in the Antarctic in the recent decade, challenges remain in quantifying their changes, primarily because of the limited availability of high-quality long-term observational data. Therefore, it is crucial to accurately simulate Antarctic SIT and to assess the SIT simulation capability of state-of-the-art climate models. In this study, we evaluated historical simulations of SIT by 51 climate models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) using Envisat (ES) and CryoSat-2 (CS2) observations. Results revealed that most models can capture the seasonal cycles in SIV and that the CMIP6 multimodel mean (MMM) can reproduce the increasing and decreasing trends in the SIV anomaly based on ES and CS2 data, although the magnitudes of the trends in the SIV anomaly are underestimated. Additionally, the intermodel spread in simulations of SIT and SIV was found to be reduced (by 43%) from CMIP5 to CMIP6. Nevertheless, based on the CMIP6 MMM, substantial underestimations in SIV of 57.52% and 59.66% were found compared to those derived from ES and CS2 observations, respectively. The most notable underestimation in SIT was located in the sea ice deformation zone surrounding the northwestern Weddell Sea, coastal areas of the Bellingshausen and Amundsen seas, and the eastern Ross Sea. The substantial bias in the simulated SIT might result from deficiencies in simulating critical physical processes such as ocean heat transport, dynamic sea ice processes, and sea ice-ocean interactions. Therefore, increasing the model resolution and improving the representation of sea ice dynamics and the physical processes controlling sea ice-ocean interactions are essential for improving the accuracy of Antarctic sea ice simulation.
Study of chemical compositions of wild and dry rose hip extract regarding the geographical zone of growth
Authors: Shomirov B A , Choriev A Zh , Toshtemirova M J , Sabirdjanov R A , Sabirdjanova M A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The purpose of the study was a comparative study of the chemical compositions of wild and dry rosehip extract. The chemical composition of wild rose hips dried using the solar-air drying method was studied. The results of the analysis of the chemical composition showed that in wild rose hips the mass fraction of protein is 1.2 times less, ash and carbohydrates are 1.1 times less. The mass fraction of lipids in wild rose hips was 3-4%. Rose hips contain a higher amount of dietary fiber compared to dry rose hip extract. The ash content is 6.3 times, the protein is 1.7 times more, and the lipids are 20 times less in dry rose hip extract than in rose hips. The mineral composition of rose hips shows a high content of potassium and low sodium in wild rose hips, which is a positive factor in the prevention of atherosclerosis and hypertension. Wild rose hips contained 2.2 times more magnesium than varietal rose hips. The amount of vitamin C was 400 mg%, carotenoids 44 mg%. The total content of flavonoids in wild rose hips was 323 mg%. The study showed that during the solar-air drying process used in the Republic of Uzbekistan significant losses of vitamin C occur amounting to more than 50%.
Mathematical modeling of small soil channel laboratory stand drive and evaluation of its energy state
Authors: Alimova F A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The article presents data on improving the design of the Small Soil Channel research laboratory stand. The possibilities of experimental works on study of kinematic parameters and structural parameters, spatial dynamometering of working elements of tillage and sowing machines are described. The article considers the method for assessing the energy state of the laboratory stand small soil channel and studying the power distribution in its moving mechanisms. Based on the parameters obtained as a result of solving the equations of motion and energy state, using the full differential of the Hamelton function, the power distribution in the mechanisms under the action of external forces and the total mechanical energy of the stand are determined. The traction resistance of stand working body was determined using the Goryachkin formula. Based on the developed kinematic scheme, a mathematical model has been developed that imitates the movement of the belt transmission mechanism of the stand. Based on the developed mathematical model, calculation experiments were carried out using the Runge-Kutt numerical method, the results made it possible to find the motion parameters of the belt transmission mechanism of the stand. The results obtained when solving the mathematical model of the belt transmission mechanism of the stand made it possible to determine the parameters of movement of the stand engine and the drum. This article presents the results of determining the stiffness and elasticity coefficients of the belt, the moment of resistance of the drum, the driving moment of the driving pulley, angular speed, angular rooting, the moment of inertia of the driving and driven pulleys by compiling a mathematical model of the Laboratory Stand Small Soil Channel that imitates the working process of tillage and sowing machines.
High softening performance indicators of plug-softener
Authors: Irgashev D B , Kurbanov Sh B , Mamatov F M , Temirov I G , Mamatov S F 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Currently, ripper plows are widely used in the world, with working bodies "paraglider" type. In the conditions of Uzbekistan, their quality work does not meet the agro technical requirements. The aim study is to study the influence the parameters upper ripper on the performance working body with an inclined rack. The proposed working body consists of an inclined rack, an upper and lower ripper, as well as a chisel. Theoretical studies technological process the rippers are carried out using the basic provisions classical agricultural mechanics and mathematical analysis. Experimental studies were carried out using a specially designed experimental setup in accordance with the developed private and standard methods using the theory of planning single-factor and multifactor experiments. Analytical dependences for determining the width upper ripper are obtained. Based on experiments, empirical formulas were obtained that allow analyzing the performance working body depending on the width grip and the depth processing upper ripper. It is established that to ensure the required quality tillage, the width upper ripper should be within 15.3-22.6 cm and the depth tillage within 7-10 sm.
Examining the complex relations between climate and streamflow in the mid-atlantic region of the United States
Authors: Rice Karen C , Mason Christopher A , Mills Aaron L 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We explored the complex relations between climate and streamflow in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. In 124 watersheds across this region, we quantified spatial and temporal variation in air temperature (AT), precipitation (P), and streamflow (Q) from 1981 through 2020. Upward directional trends in monthly values of AT, P, and Q indicated an increase of 0.27–1.9 degrees Celsius, 0.12–1.9 millimeters day−1, and 0.01–7.1 cubic meters s−1 day−1, respectively, over the 40-year period. Comparison of the first 20 years to the last 20 years of data indicated an acceleration in the trend slopes in AT, P, and Q. Changes also were observed in temporal trends in the center of volume (CV) of both P and Q, which generally occurred later in the year; the 7-day mean low flow increased, and the annual day of occurrence of the 7-day mean low flow occurred earlier in the year. Principal components analysis revealed differences in P, Q, CVP, and CVQ trends in watersheds with median elevations greater than and less than 400 meters, as well as by latitude. A seasonal analysis revealed that P increased throughout the study area in spring, summer, and fall but decreased in winter. AT, P, and Q have broadly increased across the region over the 40-year period, and the temporal, spatial, and seasonal changes in P have affected Q. Results highlight the strong couplings between climatic variability and watershed responses.
SeedAI: a novel seed germination predictionsystem using dual stage deep learning framework
Authors: Ramesh Reddy D , Cheruku Ramalingaswamy , Kodali Prakash 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The detection of germinating seeds through automated means is a significant concern for seed testing agencies. Traditional approaches employ inspection manually. In recent years, there has been an increasing scientific focus on deep learning, particularly in the domain of seed detection, recognition, and germination in germination trays. In this paper, a novel two-stage network is proposed which leverages various Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to automate detection of seeds and the assessment of their germination state. In the first stage Mask R-CNN framework is used for instantaneous segmentation of seeds and in the next stage this Region of Interest (RoI) is given as input to the proposed CNN model for germination prediction. The proposed model is trained and tested on our own dataset. The experimental results proved that our proposed model is achieved better performance than state-of-the-art models with less trainable parameters.
Understanding the pyrolysis kinetics, thermodynamic, and environmental sustainability parameters of Sesamum indicum crop residue
Authors: Sivaraman Subramaniyasharma , Shanmugam Saravanan Ramiah , Veerapandian Bhuvaneshwari , Venkatachalam Ponnusami 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this work, the physiochemical characteristics, thermodynamics, and sustainability of the pyrolysis of Sesamum indicum biomass were assessed. The pyrolysis kinetics of sesame agro-residues performed using isoconversional techniques such as Kissinger, KAS, and OFW methods showed activation energies of 192, 120, and 123 kJ mol−1, respectively. The impact of the pyrolysis temperature (550, 650, 750 °C) on the generation of biochar, bio-oil, and gas is also studied; the exergy efficiency increased from 82.7 at 550 °C to 87.3% at 750 °C with an increase in the temperature. Sesame biochar’s Van Krevalan diagram showed how its fuel-like characteristics also grew with rising temperatures. The input and output parameters showed a high agreement in the mass, energy, and exergy balance closures. However, it was shown that the overall energy efficiency was greater at 750 °C (71.2%) compared to 55.5% and 69.8% at 550 °C and 650 °C, respectively. Sustainability analysis showed that lower temperatures had a smaller impact on the environment.
Detection and quantification of Babesia species intraerythrocytic parasites by flow cytometry
Authors: Vanderboom Patrick M , Misra Anisha , Rodino Kyle G , Eberly Allison R , Greenwood Jason D , Morris Heather E , Norrie Felicity C , Fernholz Emily C , Pritt Bobbi S , Norgan Andrew P 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Recent work has demonstrated that automated fluorescence flow cytometry (FLC) is a potential alternative for the detection and quantification of Plasmodium parasites. The objective of this study was to apply this novel FLC method to detect and quantify Babesia parasites in venous blood and compare results to light microscopy and polymerase chain reaction methods.

Methods
An automated hematology/malaria analyzer (XN-31; Sysmex) was used to detect and quantify B microti–infected red blood cells from residual venous blood samples (n = 250: Babesia positive, n = 170; Babesia negative, n = 80). As no instrument software currently exists for Babesia, qualitative and quantitative machine learning (ML) algorithms were developed to facilitate analysis.

Results
Performance of the ML models was verified against the XN-31 software using P falciparum–infected samples. When applied to Babesia-infected samples, the qualitative ML model demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.956 (sensitivity, 95.9%; specificity, 83.3%) relative to polymerase chain reaction. For valid scattergrams, the qualitive model achieved an AUC of 1.0 (sensitivity and specificity, 100%), while the quantitative model demonstrated an AUC of 0.986 (sensitivity, 94.4%; specificity, 100%).

Conclusions
This investigation demonstrates that Babesia parasites can be detected and quantified directly from venous blood using FLC. Although promising, opportunities remain to improve the general applicability of the method.
CoRegNet: unraveling gene co-regulation networks from public RNA-Seq repositories using a beta-binomial statistical model
Authors: Wang Jiasheng , Wan Ying-Wooi , Al-Ouran Rami , Huang Meichen , Liu Zhandong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Millions of RNA sequencing samples have been deposited into public databases, providing a rich resource for biological research. These datasets encompass tens of thousands of experiments and offer comprehensive insights into human cellular regulation. However, a major challenge is how to integrate these experiments that acquired at different conditions. We propose a new statistical tool based on beta-binomial distributions that can construct robust gene co-regulation network (CoRegNet) across tens of thousands of experiments. Our analysis of over 12 000 experiments involving human tissues and cells shows that CoRegNet significantly outperforms existing gene co-expression-based methods. Although the majority of the genes are linearly co-regulated, we did discover an interesting set of genes that are non-linearly co-regulated; half of the time they change in the same direction and the other half they change in the opposite direction. Additionally, we identified a set of gene pairs that follows the Simpson’s paradox. By utilizing public domain data, CoRegNet offers a powerful approach for identifying functionally related gene pairs, thereby revealing new biological insights.
Parent satisfaction with lotion, cream, gel and ointment emollient types: secondary analysis of the Best Emollients for Eczema study
Authors: Allen Olivia G E , MacNeill Stephanie , Ridd Matthew J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
The main determinant of emollient effectiveness is whether it is used, which in turn is linked with user satisfaction.

Objectives
To compare parental satisfaction with emollient type for the treatment of childhood eczema.

Methods
Secondary analysis of data from the Best Emollients for Eczema (BEE) trial was undertaken. In total, 550 children aged between 6 months and 12 years were recruited from primary care in England and randomized to use a lotion, cream, gel or ointment as their main emollient for 16 weeks. At week, 16 parents were asked to complete an Emollient Satisfaction Questionnaire (ESQ). Completion rates and scores were compared, using χ2 test, t-test calculations and one-way Anova as appropriate.

Results
Data on 378 participants (68.7% of those randomized) were analysed. Mean ESQ scores were gel 20.9 (SD 5.3), lotion 20.4 (SD 5.6), cream 18.8 (SD 6.3) and ointment 15.2 (SD 6.8) (P &lt; 0.001). In pairwise comparisons, there was a statistically significant difference in mean ESQ scores between ointment and lotion (P &lt; 0.001), ointment and cream (P &lt; 0.001) and ointment and gel (P &lt; 0.001) but not between lotion, cream and gel. Participants using lotions had highest overall satisfaction and were most likely to continue using their emollient. ESQ scores were correlated with reported emollient use and improvements in parent-reported eczema severity.

Conclusions
Overall, lotions and gels were favoured over creams and ointments. Although satisfaction is determined by personal preference, these results will aid parents, clinicians and children to find the right emollient(s) for them.
RNA virus-mediated gene editing for tomato trait breeding
Authors: Uranga Mireia , Aragonés Verónica , García Arcadio , Mirabel Sophie , Gianoglio Silvia , Presa Silvia , Granell Antonio , Pasin Fabio , Daròs José-Antonio 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Virus-induced genome editing (VIGE) leverages viral vectors to deliver CRISPR-Cas components into plants for robust and flexible trait engineering. We describe here a VIGE approach applying an RNA viral vector based on potato virus X (PVX) for genome editing of tomato, a mayor horticultural crop. Viral delivery of single-guide RNA into Cas9-expressing lines resulted in efficient somatic editing with indel frequencies up to 58%. By proof-of-concept VIGE of PHYTOENE DESATURASE (PDS) and plant regeneration from edited somatic tissue, we recovered loss-of-function pds mutant progeny displaying an albino phenotype. VIGE of STAYGREEN 1 (SGR1), a gene involved in fruit color variation, generated sgr1 mutant lines with recolored red-brown fruits and high chlorophyll levels. The obtained editing events were heritable, overall confirming the successful breeding of fruit color. Altogether, our VIGE approach offers great potential for accelerated functional genomics of tomato variation, as well as for precision breeding of novel tomato traits.