bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of γ-hydroxybutyric acid, DL-lactic acid, glycolic acid, ethylene glycol and other glycols in body fluids by a direct injection gas chromatography-mass spectrometry assay for wide use
Authors: Van hee Paul , Neels Hugo , De Doncker Mireille , Vrydags Nicolas , Schatteman Katinka , Uyttenbroeck Wim , Hamers Nicole , Himpe Dirk , Lambert Willy 
Published: November 2004

AbstractAnalysis of blood of severely intoxicated patients always requires prompt investigation. Diagnosis of intoxication with ethylene glycol, γ-hydroxybutyric acid or D-lactic acid takes hours, since several different procedures are required. Rapid derivatization of the common hydroxyl function may resolve this analytical problem.Here we describe a fast method for the simultaneous measurement of ethylene glycol, glycolic acid, γ-hydroxybutyric acid and racemic lactic acid. Only 20 µl of serum, plasma or urine are required for immediate derivatization at 70°C with 750 µl of bis-N,O-trimethylsilyl trifluoroacetamide after adding 20 µl of internal standard solution (1,3-propylene glycol) and 20 µl of the catalyst dimethylformamide. After centrifugation an aliquot is transferred to a gas chromatographic system and analyzed with electron-impact mass spectrometry in selective ion monitoring mode.The derivatized acids and ethylene glycol are well separated and detected with a limit of detection ranging from 0.12 mg/l for ethylene glycol to 0.95 mg/l for γ-hydroxybutyric acid, while the limit of quantification ranged from 0.4 mg/l for ethylene glycol to 3.15 mg/l for γ-hydroxybutyric acid. The method is linear from 0.5 to 1800 mg/l blood for ethylene glycol, from 0.7 to 1200 mg/l for lactic acid, from 1.2 to 1800 mg/l for glycolic acid, and from 3.2 to 200 mg/l for γ-hydroxybutyric acid, with analytical recoveries, accuracy, day-to-day and within-day precision well within the required limits. Total analysis time with one calibrator was 30 min, derivatization time included.This method is very suitable for emergency toxicology, since several toxic substances can be quantified simultaneously in a fast and sensitive manner.
Science Studies: Beyond the War Zone
Authors: Heath Deborah 
Published: November 2004

Ecologies of Knowledge: Work and Politics in Science and Technology. Susan Leigh Star. ed. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1995. 421 pp.Beyond the Natural Body: An Archeology of Sex Hormones. Nelly Oudshoorn. London: Routledge, 1994. 195 pp.Science and Technology in. Multicultural World: The Cultural Politics of Facts and Artifacts. David J. Hess. New York: Columbia University Press, 1995. 306 pp.
Disciplinary Directions in Dispute
Authors: Friedman Jonathan 
Published: November 2004

The Challenge of Anthropology: Old Encounters and New Excursions. Robin Fox. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction, 1994. 431 pp.The Future of Anthropology: Its Relevance to the Contemporary World. Akbar Ahmed and Chris Shore. eds. London: Athlone, 1995. 292 pp.
Ethnicity in the USSR and the CIS
Authors: Humphrey Caroline 
Published: November 2004

After the USSR: Ethnicity, Nationalism, and Politics in the Commonwealth of Independent States. Anatoly M. Khazanov. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1995. 311pp.Who Gets the Past? Competition for Ancestors among Non‐Russian Intellectuals in Russia. Victor A. Shnirelman. Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson Center Press; Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1966. 98 pp.In the Soviet House of Culture:. Century of Perestroikas. Bruce Grant. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995. 225 pp.
Centers, Margins, and Women in South Asia
Authors: Fruzzetti Lina , Östör Akos 
Published: November 2004

Women as Subjects: South Asian Histories. Nita Kumar. ed Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1994.239 pp.From the Margins of Hindu Marriage: Essays on Gender, Religion and Culture. Lindsey Harlan and Paul B. Courtright. eds. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.250 pp.The White Woman's Other Burden: Western Women and South Asia during the British Rule. Kumari Jayawardena New York: Routledge, 1995.310 pp.
Coping with the Anthropology of Tourism
Authors: Swain Margaret Byrne 
Published: November 2004

Coping with Tourists: European Reactions to Mass Tourism. Jeremy Boissevain. ed. Oxford, England: Berghahn Books, 1996. 264 pp.International Tourism: Identity and Change. Marie‐ Frangoise Lanfant, John B. Allcock. and Edward M. Bruner. eds. London: Sage Publications Ltd, 1995. 246 pp.
Two Studies of Spirit Possession in Niger
Authors: Sharp Lesley A. 
Published: November 2004

Spirit Possession and Personhood among the Kel Ewey Tuareg. Susan J. Rasmussen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. 178 pp.Embodying Colonial Memories: Spirit Possession, Power, and the Hauka in West Africa. Paul StoIIer. New York: Routledge, 1995. 226 pp.
Cultural History in the Native Northeast
Authors: Becker Marshall Joseph 
Published: November 2004

Native People of Southern New England, 1500‐1650, Kathleen J. Bragdon. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1996. 301 pp.Historic Contact: Indian People and Colonists in Today's Northeastern United States in the Sixteenth through the Eighteenth Centuries. Robert S. Grumet. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1995. 514 pp.
Dimensions of Native America: The Contact Zone
Authors: McEwan Bonnie G. 
Published: November 2004

Dimensions of Native America: The Contact Zone. Museum of Fine Arts, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, February 13‐March 31. 1998; Appleton Museum of Art, Ocala, FL, April 14‐May 31,1998.Dimensions of Native America: The Contact Zone. Jehanne Teilhet‐Fisk and Robin Franklin Nigh. co‐curators. Tallahassee: Museum of Fine Arts, Florida State University, 1998. 144 pp.
Shameless Women: The Anthropological Mirror as Speculum
Authors: Johnson Merri Lisa 
Published: November 2004

Woman: An Intimate Geography. Natalie Angier. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1999. 398 pp.After Silence: Rape and My Journey Back. Nancy Venable Raine. New York: Crown, 1998. 278 pp.Cunt:. Declaration of Independence. Inga Muscio. Seattle: Seal, 1998. 277 pp.
Culture and Conflict Resolution; Culture Variation and Conflict Resolution: Alternatives to Violence
Authors: Cook Samuel R. 
Published: November 2004

Culture and Conflict Resolution. Kevin Avruch. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace, 1998. 154 pp.Culture Variation and Conflict Resolution: Alternatives to Violence. Douglas P. Fry and Kaj Björkqvist. eds. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1997. 274 pp.
On Some Enigmas Surrounding a Riddle Canon by Brahms
Authors: BRODBECK DAVID 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT
Even for a riddle canon, Brahms's setting of the text “Mir lächelt kein Frühling,” WoO 25 (1877), presents more than its share of enigmas. The solution to this haunting spiral canon is relatively straightforward. But questions remain concerning both the freely composed ending that Brahms had hoped would be published (through which the piece could be made suitable for performance), and the identity of the author of the canon's poetic text (which expresses profound hopelessness and a sense of utter loss). Documenting the entire publication process sheds light on the former question; and as for the more intriguing matter of poetic authorship, documentary and stylistic evidence points to Brahms himself. By these lights, “Mir lächelt kein Frühling” not only stands alone in Brahms's oeuvre but constitutes a deeply personal confession.
Books Noted
Authors: Schevlll Margot Blum 
Published: November 2004

To Weave and Sing: Art, Symbol, and Narrative in the South American Rain Forest. David M. Guss. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989. 287 pp., 57 b/w photographs, 18 line drawings, 1 map, bibliography, index. $37.50 (cloth).Life in the Pueblos. Ruth Underhill. Santa Fe, NM: Ancient City Press, 1991. 154 pp., 80 b/w photographs and drawings, charts. $10.95.The Zuni Man‐Woman. Will Roscoe. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1991. 302 pp., 28 b/w photographs, 1 map, 2 tables, bibliography, index. $24.95 (cloth).Shelter. Edited by Lloyd Kahn. Bolinas, CA: Shelter Publications, 1990 [originally published in 1973]. 176 pp., 1000+ color and b/w photographs, 250 drawings, bibliography. $16.95 (paper)Ceremonial Costumes of the Pueblo Indians: Their Evolution, Fabrication, and Significance in the Prayer Drama. Virginia More Roediger, with a new introduction by Fred Eggan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991. 251 pp. 40 color plates, 25 b/w illustrations, 1 map, appendix, notes, and bibliography. $49.95 (cloth), $24.95 (paper).
Dancing the Symphonic: Beethoven-Bochsa's Symphonie Pastorale, 1829
Authors: DAVIES J. Q. 
Published: November 2004

Abstract .
On 22 June 1829, the legendary French harpist, convicted forger and escaped felon, Robert Nicolas Charles Bochsa performed his most infamous musical offense: a rendition of Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony with stage action. Since Grove, this surprisingly early reworking of the Sixth as a ballet-pantomime has not gone down well in the literature. As the twentieth century unfurled, the moment steadily receded into obscurity, losing all cultural and contextual meaning to the point where it is now remembered (if at all) as a lesson in the rogue potential of performance—a pockmark on the historical map. This article will reverse the general slide into amnesia by first excavating this vanished but important moment of the musical past, and then recuperating its seriousness. Enough evidence from the 1820s and 30s suggests that Bochsa's Symphonie (performed at London's King's Theatre) was representative of much more than itself. Far from historically inexplicable, it can be read as an extreme manifestation of a strongly defined ballet-concert exchange that characterized the artistic trends of the late 1820s. By taking on abstract and “musical” forms, dance was becoming more concertlike. Concerts, meanwhile, were developing balletic traits in their increasing use of picturesque effects, and their growing fascination for the visual or bodily aspects of musical performance. A rapprochement took place that reshaped the nature of listening and figured the emerging concept of the musical work in a curiously plastic, objective way—as the case study exemplifies.
JeungSanDo and the Great Opening of the Later Heaven: Millenarianism, Syncretism, and the Religion of Gang Il-sun
Authors: Flaherty Robert Pearson 
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT: Korea's JeungSanDo is a syncretistic religion in which elements of religious Taoism, Buddhism, Neo-Confucianism, Roman Catholicism, and Korean shamanism are combined with a unifying millenarian vision that was initially formulated in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in the late Joseon Dynasty. JeungSanDo is based on the teachings of Gang Il-sun (1871–1909), who was/is regarded by his followers as the incarnation of SangJe (Shangti), the Ruler of the Universe in religious Taoism, as well as Maitreya, the Future Buddha of Buddhist eschatology. The religion of Gang Il-sun arose as a compensatory response to the defeat of the Donghak Revolution in 1894. The central belief of JeungSanDo is Hu-Cheon GaeByeok, the Great Opening of the Later Heaven, the new age of JeungSan Gang Il-Sun's millenarian vision. A glossary of Korean and Chinese terms follows the endnotes.
No religion is completely “new,” no religious message completely abolishes the past. Rather, there is a recasting, a renewal, a revalorization, an integration of the elements—the most essential elements—of an immemorial religious tradition.
—Mircea Eliade, Shamanism: Archaic Techniques of Ecstasy1
Warts and All?: An Elusive Balance in Contracted Corporate Histories about Energy and Environment
Authors: Pratt Joseph 
Published: November 2004

Contract histories of organizations pose special challenges for public historians. Carefully worded contracts can establish procedures and guarantees that safeguard the historian’s independence. Such safeguards can help the historian capture as much as possible from the sponsored research for the history profession, while also completing a work that satisfies the needs of the sponsoring organization. The successful completion of such a project requires a reasonable deadline, a well-organized book, and an author or team of authors with special knowledge of the organization.
Well-designed organizational histories have much to contribute to our understanding of historical efforts to balance the demand for energy with the need for a cleaner environment. Viewing events from inside corporations, regulatory agencies, and citizens’ groups, the historian can reconstruct the interaction of the key players who shaped our energy/environmental history.
Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and microchip electrophoresis to detect major rearrangements of the low‐density lipoprotein receptor gene causing familial hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Cantafora Alfredo , Blotta Ida , Pino Elisabetta , Pisciotta Livia , Calandra Sebastiano , Bertolini Stefano 
Published: November 2004

AbstractA variety of rearrangements in the low‐density lipoportein receptor (LDLR) gene cause severe forms of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). However, current methods for searching these abnormalities in FH samples, e.g., Southern and Northern Blot, are labor‐intensive and not routinely used by diagnostic laboratories. We developed a simpler approach based on the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of part or all gene's coding sequences by a series of multiplex amplifications comprising three nonadjacent gene sections plus a fourth section used as an internal reference. Thereafter, the analysis of these PCR products by microchip electrophoresis revealed either deletions or duplications in the investigated gene sections through the simple comparison of electropherograms obtained from mutant and control samples. This required primers leading to well‐resolved peaks with minimal size differences among coamplified products and PCR conditions allowing a linear quantitative response to template amount variations as those caused by duplication or deletion of specific gene sections. Also, the inclusion of exon 17 amplification product as an internal reference in each multiplex PCR allowed the normalization of quantitative results by dividing the area of each amplified section by the area of exon 17. The comparison of these ratios calculated from 10 carriers of 6 LDLR known rearrangements with those obtained from 14 control samples showed that gross deletions roughly halved and duplications doubled the ratio values of exons involved in the mutation. This allowed to distinguish gross mutations from sample‐to‐sample differences that reached at maximum 8% variation over mean values.
Genotyping by dynamic heating of monolayered beads on a microheated surface
Authors: Russom Aman , Haasl Sjoerd , Ohlander Anna , Mayr Torsten , Brookes Anthony J. , Andersson Helene , Stemme Göran 
Published: November 2004

AbstractA miniaturized bead‐based dynamic allele‐specific hybridization (DASH) approach for single‐nucleotide polymorphism analysis is presented. Chips with integrated heater and temperature sensors for open‐surface DNA analysis were microfabricated. Microcontact printing using a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) stamp was employed to create monolayers of immobilized beads on the surface of the chip. This chip allows fast, well‐controllable temperature ramping. The temperature distribution was homogeneous over the entire heater area. All three possible variants of an SNP site of a synthesized oligonucleotide were accurately scored using the bead‐based DASH approach. Our assay has a nonoptimized temperature ramping rate of 4°C–6°C/min compared to earlier reported values of 2°C–3°C/min, thereby reducing the total analysis time by a factor of 2. Reliable DASH measurement data from areas as small as 12×13 μm was achieved. Our bead‐based DASH approach has enabled a dramatic volume reduction and is a step towards developing a cost‐effective high‐throughput DASH method on arrays of single beads.
Neuron‐based microarray sensors for environmental sensing
Authors: Prasad Shalini , Zhang Xuan , Ozkan Cengiz S. , Ozkan Mihrimah 
Published: November 2004

AbstractWe present a novel sensing scheme for detecting the effects of unburned fossil fuels by integrating microarray technology and dielectrophoresis to develop single‐neuron arrays. These arrays have the capability to sense and identify the two fuels, at parts per billion (ppb) concentrations, as well to determine the associated physiological changes at the single‐cell level. Identification is achieved through frequency domain analysis of the measured changes to the extracellular electrical activity due to the effect of the fossil fuels. This yields unique electrical identifiers known as “signature patterns”. Simultaneous optical visualization to the physiological changes is obtained by specific fluorescent staining. The correlation between the signature patterns and the cellular biological behavior establishes the veracity of this identification technique.
The potential of autofluorescence for the detection of single living cells for label‐free cell sorting in microfluidic systems
Authors: Emmelkamp Jurjen , Wolbers Floor , Andersson Helene , DaCosta Ralph S. , Wilson Brian C. , Vermes Istvan , van den Berg Albert 
Published: November 2004

AbstractA novel method for studying unlabeled living mammalian cells based on their autofluorescence (AF) signal in a prototype microfluidic device is presented. When combined, cellular AF detection and microfluidic devices have the potential to facilitate high‐throughput analysis of different cell populations. To demonstrate this, unlabeled cultured cells in microfluidic devices were excited with a 488 nm excitation light and the AF emission (> 505 nm) was detected using a confocal fluorescence microscope (CFM). For example, a simple microfluidic three‐port glass microstructure was used together with conventional electroosmotic flow (EOF) to switch the direction of the fluid flow. As a means to test the potential of AF‐based cell sorting in this microfluidic device, granulocytes were successfully differentiated from human red blood cells (RBCs) based on differences in AF. This study demonstrated the use of a simple microfabricated device to perform high‐throughput live cell detection and differentiation without the need for cell‐specific fluorescent labeling dyes and thereby reducing the sample preparation time. Hence, the combined use of microfluidic devices and cell AF may have many applications in single‐cell analysis.
Photopolymerized microtips for sample preparation in proteomic analysis
Authors: Hsu Jue‐Liang , Chou Mong‐Kuan , Liang Shih‐Shin , Huang Sheng‐Yu , Wu Chin‐Jen , Shi Fong‐Ku , Chen Shu‐Hui 
Published: November 2004

AbstractWe demonstrate a novel method for the fabrication of disposable plastic microtips, which we name “EasyTip”, by a photopolymerization technique. C18 reversed‐phase (C18) and ion metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) beads were immobilized on a plastic pipette tip, made of polypropylene materials, by photo‐initiated polymerization. The fabricated EasyTips can be manipulated using commercial pipettes for wash/elution of minute amount of biological samples (< 10 μL) and can be applied for mass spectrometry (MS)‐based proteomic analysis, in which the detection sensitivity depends critically on the optimal sample preparation. The recovery of a sample of 25 fmol of tryptic hemoglobin digest loaded in a C18 EasyTip was near 100% and we estimated the loading capacity to be around 0.4–2.0 μg of total proteins or peptides, which is well above a sufficient quantity for MS analysis. The effectiveness of the C18 EasyTips in enhancing the detection sensitivity of matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)‐MS signal, and thus providing a greater sequence coverage, was also demonstrated by the analysis of hemoglobin digest and the in‐gel digested epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein from A431 cell lysate. We also demonstrated the usefulness of the immobilized IMAC EasyTips in extracting the signal of tryptic phosphopeptides of β‐casein (10 pmol) having one and four phosphorylation sites by using an IMAC EasyTip prior to off‐line analysis by MS. The combination of IMAC EasyTips and MALDI‐MS allowed the unambiguous identification of phosphopeptides based on the phosphatase assay as well as the post‐source decay. Compared to other miniaturized devices, this fabrication method is simple, cheap, and requires less human intervention. Moreover, the method of manipulating the EasyTips is straightforward and can be automated readily by a robotic system for high‐throughput analysis.
Separation of biomolecules using electrophoresis and nanostructures
Authors: Kist Tarso B. Ledur , Mandaji Marcos 
Published: November 2004

AbstractA large number of nanostructures have the potential to be used together with electrophoresis as separation media or separation additive in capillary electrophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, capillary electrochromatography, and other analytical techniques. Among those structures are nanotubes, nanocavities, nanowires, nanoposts, nanocones, nanospheres, molecular imprints, nanoparachutes (conical monodendrons), and general nanoparticles with random structures. This review is focused only on publications describing experimental works using molecular imprints, nanoposts, and nanospheres that are fabricated and applied for the purpose of separation media in electrophoresis‐driven separations. The review follows an approximate chronological order in each section. As shown, the most popular are those resulting from molecular imprinting technologies. These biomimetic receptors are used in a great variety of fields, which includes electrophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, capillary electrochromatography, and other fields not reviewed in this work. A few examples of these other fields are, e.g., liquid chromatography, membranes, extractor or preconcentration techniques, immunosorbent assays, and sensing devices. The second topic scanned in the present work is the nanostructures that are used as obstacles to replace gels or polymers solutions in electrophoresis. Finally, the nascent field of nanospheres of gold and other materials as separation media is also reviewed.
Recent developments in electrochemical detection for microchip capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Vandaveer Walter R. , Pasas‐Farmer Stephanie A. , Fischer David J. , Frankenfeld Celeste N. , Lunte Susan M. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractSignificant progress in the development of miniaturized microfluidic systems has occurred since their inception over a decade ago. This is primarily due to the numerous advantages of microchip analysis, including the ability to analyze minute samples, speed of analysis, reduced cost and waste, and portability. This review focuses on recent developments in integrating electrochemical (EC) detection with microchip capillary electrophoresis (CE). These detection modes include amperometry, conductimetry, and potentiometry. EC detection is ideal for use with microchip CE systems because it can be easily miniaturized with no diminution in analytical performance. Advances in microchip format, electrode material and design, decoupling of the detector from the separation field, and integration of sample preparation, separation, and detection on‐chip are discussed. Microchip CEEC applications for enzyme/immunoassays, clinical and environmental assays, as well as the detection of neurotransmitters are also described.