bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of the uptake and expression of plasmid vectors in human ciliary and retinal pigment epithelial cells in vitro
Authors: Chaum Edward 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe retinal pigment epithelium is uniquely suited to gene therapy that uses lipid‐mediated DNA transfer due to its high phagocytic activity in situ. We compared the relative efficacy of phagocytosis on the uptake of labeled plasmid vectors by retinal pigment epithelial and ciliary epithelial cells in vitro. Relative levels of endocytosis were then compared with the efficiency of marker transgene expression in these cells. Human retinal pigment epithelial and ciliary epithelial cells from a single donor were isolated and expanded in vitro. Polyplex‐mediated transfections were performed using a rhodamine‐labeled expression vector for green fluorescent protein. Rhodamine‐labeled endosomes were examined by fluorescence microscopy at different time points. Rhodamine labeling and green fluorescent protein expression were analyzed by flow cytometry 48 h after transfection. These gene transfer studies showed that expression of transgenes does occur in both human retinal pigment epithelial and ciliary epithelial cells in vitro. Endocytosis of labeled plasmid vectors occurs at a significantly higher number and density in retinal pigment epithelial cells than in ciliary epithelial cells (P < 0.04). However, the efficiency of marker transgene expression is similar in the two cell types. These studies demonstrate that the higher intrinsic phagocytic activity does not enhance the efficacy of transgene expression in retinal pigment epithelial cells in vitro. Both human retinal pigment epithelial and ciliary epithelial cells are competent recipients for lipid‐mediated gene transfer, and transgene expression occurs at similar levels in both cell types. J. Cell. Biochem. 83: 671–677, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pure component spectral reconstruction from mixture data using SVD, global entropy minimization, and simulated annealing. Numerical investigations of admissible objective functions using a synthetic 7‐species data set
Authors: Widjaja Effendi , Garland Marc 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA combination of singular value decomposition, entropy minimization, and simulated annealing was applied to a synthetic 7‐species spectroscopic data set with added white noise. The pure spectra were highly overlapping. Global minima for selected objective functions were obtained for the transformation of the first seven right singular vectors. Simple Shannon type entropy functions were used in the objective functions and realistic physical constraints were imposed in the penalties. It was found that good first approximations for the pure component spectra could be obtained without the use of any a priori information. The present method out performed the two widely used routines, namely Simplisma and OPA‐ALS, as well as IPCA. These results indicate that a combination of SVD, entropy minimization, and simulated annealing is a potentially powerful tool for spectral reconstructions from large real experimental systems. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 911–919, 2002
Strain induced bond localization in strained aromatic compounds with extended π systems
Authors: Stanger Amnon , Tkachenko Elena 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe influence of small rings annulated to aromatic rings is usually additive. However, in some systems the behavior is nonadditive, for example, in tricarbonyliron‐cyclobutadienobenzene versus tris(tricarbonylironcyclobutadieno)benzene. A study of dimethylenecyclobutabenzene, 1,3‐bis(dimethylenecyclobuta)benzene, tris(dimethylenecyclobuta)benzene, and their bora, imino, and oxo derivatives is presented. The behavior of these systems ranges from an almost perfect additivity (in the bora derivatives) to nonadditive behavior (in the oxo derivatives) where the single ring annulated system shows a negative difference between the bonds endocyclic and exocyclic to the annulated small ring (negative ΔR; anti‐Mills–Nixon distortion), the doubly annulated system shows ΔR=0, and the triply annulated system shows positive ΔR (Mills–Nixon distortion). The geometrical properties of the systems are analyzed in terms of the strain, bond curvature, and electronegativity of the exocyclic substituent. These atomic and σ properties are found to be responsible for the structural properties whereas π factors are of minor or no importance. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 22: 1377–1386, 2001
Quantitative characterization of the PC bonds in ylides of phosphorus
Authors: Mitrasinovic Petar M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe nature of the carbon–phosphorus bond in trivalent and pentavalent carbon phosphorus compounds is currently a matter of some dispute. These compounds contain unusual bonds, unusual in the sense that the behavior of electrons in the compounds does not conform to that expected solely on the basis of carbon–carbon and carbon–hydrogen bonds. Quantitative measures of how a single electron, as a wave, is shared between any two spatial points are given by means of the sharing amplitude and the sharing index.1 These quantities are orbital independent, rooted in the single particle density matrix, and do not depend on arbitrary localization procedures. The quantitative characterization of the PC bonds in molecules such as PHCH2, PH3CH2, PF3CH2, and PH3CHF was carried out by means of the sharing indices. On the basis of interbasin sharing indices, the PC bonds are: (mostly) double in PHCH2, and single in PH3CH2, PF3CH2, and PH3CHF. On the basis of the group basin charges and intergroup sharing indices between the CH2 (or CHF) groups and the PH1,3 (or PF3) groups, the molecules are ionic with double bonds between the groups (in line with an ylene form). The sharing indices between atoms, which are not directly linked (secondary sharing indices), indicate that the electrons are quite delocalized over the basins of the following groups: CPH in PHCH2, CPH3 in PH3CH2, CPF3 in PF3CH2, and CPH3 in PH3CHF. The sharing indices and the sharing amplitude offer the needed tools to put our understanding of the chemistry of a large number of compounds on a rigorous basis by elucidating the behavior of a single electron in a many electron system. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 22: 1387–1395, 2001
Molecular mechanics calculations on carbonyl compounds. II. Open‐chain ketones
Authors: Langley Charles H. , Lii Jenn‐Huei , Allinger Norman L. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOpen‐chain aliphatic ketones were studied with the molecular mechanics (MM4) force field. A total of seven compounds were examined. Structures were well fit, including moments of inertia. Rotational barriers, vibrational spectra, and dipole moments were also well fit. The overall root mean square errors for MM3 and MM4 were 0.27 and 0.18%, respectively, for the six moments of inertia (known experimentally for two compounds) and 31 and 20 cm−1, respectively, for the vibrational frequencies (over 99 weighted modes). © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 22: 1426–1450, 2001
Global physicochemical properties as activity discriminants for the mGluR1 subtype of metabotropic glutamate receptors
Authors: Filizola Marta , Tasso Silvina M. , Loew Gilda H. , Villar Hugo O. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMetabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are important as candidate therapeutic targets for many neurological disorders. In the present work, the focus has been on the mGluR1 subtype, where agonists have a proconvulsant profile while antagonists exert anticonvulsant activity. Identification of molecular determinants for the inhibition of mGluR1 provides a new avenue for the discovery and development of novel anticonvulsant drugs. Spatial configuration of key groups alone cannot explain activation selectivity at this specific receptor subtype. In fact, all known agonists and antagonists acting at mGluR1 can accommodate the same critical moieties in a similar geometric arrangement that corresponds to the extended conformation of glutamate. Therefore, other factors must account for the differences in activation. This study presents the results of an analysis of a large suite of steric, topological, electrostatic, and thermodynamic molecular properties calculated for a representative set of potent mGluR1 agonists and antagonists. Global steric parameters and the total nonpolar area provide discrimination between the mGluR1 agonists and antagonists considered in the present work. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 22: 2018–2027, 2001
Rb+/Cs+ selectivity of benzo and tribenzo derivatives of the 21C7 crown ether. A density functional study
Authors: Golebiowski Jérôme , Lamare Véronique , Ruiz–López Manuel F. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA density functional study has been performed on Rb+ and Cs+ complexes of mono and tribenzo derivatives of the 21Crown7 crown ether. Calculations have been carried out using the B3LYP functional together with a split valence basis set with additional polarization and diffuse functions. The cations have been described with effective core potentials. Structures of the tribenzo‐21Crown7 are compared to X‐ray data. The Rb+/Cs+ affinity of the benzo and tribenzo derivatives in gas phase is discussed on the basis of binding energies, strain energies, and electrostatic contributions. For the first time, a detailed description of the effect arising from the presence of benzo groups is described. On one hand, the benzo groups decrease the electronic density on the ether oxygen atoms. On the other hand, they confer a stronger electronic polarizability to the ligand. The energetic analysis shows that the polarization contributions play a crucial role and reach up to 29% of the total electrostatic energy. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 724–731, 2002
Generalized Steiner systems GS4 (2, 4, v, g) for g = 2, 3, 6
Authors: Wu D. , Ge G. , Zhu L. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractGeneralized Steiner systems GSd(t, k, v, g) were first introduced by Etzion and used to construct optimal constant‐weight codes over an alphabet of size g + 1 with minimum Hamming distance d, in which each codeword has length v and weight k. Much work has been done for the existence of generalized Steiner triple systems GS(2, 3, v, g). However, for block size four there is not much known on GSd(2, 4, v, g). In this paper, the necessary conditions for the existence of a GSd(t, k, v, g) are given, which answers an open problem of Etzion. Some singular indirect product constructions for GSd(2, k, v, g) are also presented. By using both recursive and direct constructions, it is proved that the necessary conditions for the existence of a GS4(2, 4, v, g) are also sufficient for g = 2, 3, 6. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Combin Designs 9: 401–423, 2001
Collineation groups of the intersection of two classical unitals
Authors: Giuzzi L. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractKestenband proved in [12] that there are only seven pairwise non‐isomorphic Hermitian intersections in the desarguesian projective plane PG(2, q) of square order q. His classification is based on the study of the minimal polynomials of the matrices associated with the curves and leads to results of purely combinatorial nature: in fact, two Hermitian intersections from the same class might not be projectively equivalent in PG(2, q) and might have different collineation groups. The projective classification of Hermitian intersections in PG(2, q) is the main goal in this paper. It turns out that each of Kestenband's classes consists of projectively equivalent Hermitian intersections. A complete classification of the linear collineation groups preserving a Hermitian intersection is also given. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Combin Designs 9: 445–459, 2001
Expression of CD66a in multiple myeloma
Authors: Satoh Yukihiko , Hayashi Toshiaki , Takahashi Tohru , Itoh Fumio , Adachi Masaaki , Fukui Mikiko , Kuroki Motomu , Kuroki Masahide , Imai Kohzoh , Hinoda Yuji 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCD66a is a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen family and has been suggested to function as an intercellular adhesion molecule and cell growth regulator. Expression of CD66a in myeloma cells was examined with mAb TS135 against CD66a transfectants of murine‐transformed fibroblasts. The reactivity of mAb TS135 with CD66a, CD66c, and CD66e was revealed. CD66a in myeloma cells was considered to be detectable with this mAb, since CD66c and CD66e are not expressed in them. CD66a was detected in three myeloma cell lines and an IgM‐producing B‐cell line. In clinical bone marrow specimens, including 18 multiple myeloma, two primary macroglobulinemia, and a case of CLL‐like chronic lymphoproliferation with monoclonal IgG production, CD66a and three conventional myeloma cell markers (PCA‐1, CD38, and CD56) were examined by indirect immunofluorescence assay. The results showed that 18 out of 21 cases (86%) were CD66a+, and PCA‐1 showed the highest correlation with CD66a among conventional markers. Primary macroglobulinemia and chronic lymphoproliferation were also CD66a+. Two‐dimensional flow cytometry with mAbs TS135 and CD38 confirmed the reactivity of TS135 with myeloma cells in those bone marrow specimens. The findings suggest that CD66a is expressed in multiple myeloma with high frequency. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 16:79–85, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Relation of polymorphism in the promotor region for the human osteocalcin gene to bone mineral density and occurrence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal Chinese women in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Huey‐Yi , Tsai Horng‐Der , Chen Wen‐Chi , Wu Jer‐Yuarn , Tsai Fuu‐Jen , Tsai Chang‐Hai 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOsteoporosis is a common disorder with a strong genetic component. Our aim was to evaluate the correlation of the HindIII osteocalcin gene polymorphism to bone mineral density (BMD) and their relationship to osteoporosis. We determined the HindIII osteocalcin gene polymorphism using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based restriction analysis in postmenopausal Chinese women in Taiwan. The osteocalcin gene polymorphism was detected by the restriction enzyme HindIII, where the H allele indicated the absence of the cuttable site and the h allele indicated its presence. We then related the genotypes to BMD and occurrence of osteoporosis in these women. The allelic frequencies for postmenopausal Chinese women in Taiwan were 64% for h and 36% for H in HindIII restriction fragment length polymorphisms. The prevalence of each genotype in the study population was 37.7% hh, 52.6% Hh, and 9.7% HH. The subjects with genotype hh had the greatest BMD at the lumbar spine and the femoral neck, and those with HH had the smallest BMD at the femoral neck, but these differences did not reach statistical significance. The HindIII osteocalcin genotype showed a significant effect on the prevalence of osteoporosis in the subjects at the femoral neck, that is, women with genotype HH had a 6.4 times greater risk for osteoporosis (P < 0.05), and those with genotype Hh had a 1.2 times greater risk than women with genotype hh. In conclusion, the HindIII osteocalcin gene polymorphism is associated with reduced BMD and predisposes women to osteoporosis at the femoral neck. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 15:251–255, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prescription privileges for psychologists: Can differing views be reconciled?
Authors: Heiby Elaine M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis article introduces papers addressing reasons to oppose prescription privileges for psychologists. The articles are organized in terms of six topics that appear in the testimony presented to state legislatures by the American Psychological Association (APA) and the American Association of Applied and Preventive Psychology (AAAPP). The six topics concern whether there is a societal need for psychologists to practice medicine, whether psychology as a discipline has evolved in this direction, how training would change the discipline, what the addition of medical training would cost financially, if the current collaborative model is adequate, and how the policy of APA and AAAPP can be better understood. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 58: 589–597, 2002.
Training psychologists in clinical psychopharmacology
Authors: Levant Ronald F. , Shapiro A. Eugene 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis article first describes three types of psychopharmacology training programs for psychologists: 1. postdoctoral programs that award certificates and/or continuing education credit; 2. postdoctoral programs that award master's degrees in psychopharmacology; 3. a predoctoral program that awards joint psychology and nursing degrees. Next, the postdoctoral masters degree program at Nova Southeastern University is described in some detail. We close with some general comments about the current status of these training efforts. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 58: 611–615, 2002.
Between search and research: How to find your way around? Review of the article “Thought Field Therapy— Soothing the bad moments of Kosovo”
Authors: Rosner Rita 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis article is based on a review of the article, “Thought Field Therapy—Soothing the Bad Moments of Kosovo,” (Johnson, Shala, Sejdijaj, Odell, & Dabishevici [2001]). As it is assumed that it is the intention of the reviewed article to prove the effectiveness of TFT, the information given is evaluated in terms of how well this goal is attained. However, as a sample description is not provided and minimal methodological standards, such as some kind of standardized diagnostical procedure, are not met, it is not possible to appraise issues central to any empirical study. Furthermore the design of the study is not in accordance with the goal of the study, as any control for expectancy effects, natural remission, or even a comparison with other successful psychotherapeutic procedures is missing. The study provides very limited evidence for the effectiveness of TFT. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol 57: 1241–1244, 2001.
Ebp1, an ErbB‐3 binding protein, interacts with Rb and affects Rb transcriptional regulation
Authors: Xia Xianmin , Cheng Aiwu , Lessor Tracy , Zhang Yuexing , Hamburger Anne W. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractEbp1, an ErbB‐3 binding protein, inhibits the proliferation and induces the differentiation of human breast cancer cells. The mechanisms of these effects are unknown. Rb, the product of the retinoblastoma gene, is an important modulator of cell cycle progression and cellular differentiation. We report that Rb is a binding target for Ebp1. Ebp1 was localized to both the nucleus and the cytoplasm of logarithmically growing AU565 breast cancer cells and HeLa cells as determined by confocal immunofluorescent microscopy. Ebp1 was present in Rb immunoprecipitates derived from AU565 breast cancer cells. GST‐Rb also bound endogenous Ebp1. Using GST‐Ebp1 constructs, we determined that the 72 C‐terminal amino acids of Ebp1 were sufficient to bind Rb. Dephosphorylation of Ebp1 enhanced the interaction of Ebp1 with Rb. The overexpression of Ebp1 in MCF‐7 and AU565 (Rb+) cells inhibited the activity of the E2F1 regulated cyclin‐E promoter. Ebp1 bound E2F1 indirectly via Rb in lysates of MCF‐7 cells. The interaction of Ebp1 with Rb may prove to be an important mechanism of Ebp1 induced changes in cell proliferation and differentiation. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A comparative and mechanistic study on regioselective photooxidative demethylation of N‐heterocyclics using TiO2 and molecular oxygen
Authors: Rao Kambala V Subba , Srinivas Basavaraju , Boule Pierre , Subrahmanyam Machiraju 
Published: August 2002

AbstractRegioselective photooxidative demethylation of methyl‐substituted N‐containing heterocyclic compounds is investigated in non‐aqueous (ethane nitrile) solutions containing semiconductor oxide (TiO2) as photocatalyst in the presence of molecular oxygen upon irradiation at room temperature conditions. A plausible electron transfer mechanism, in which an electron‐hole pair is generated on the surface of TiO2 by illumination, is proposed for the semiconductor‐mediated photocatalysis. Molecular orbital calculation by the AM 1 method has been performed for the electron densities of N‐atoms of heterocyclics in the present study.© 2002 Society of Chemical Industry
Partitioning of chicken egg white proteins in polyelectrolyte/salt aqueous two‐phase systems composed of polyethyleneoxide–maleic acid copolymer and potassium phosphate
Authors: Kajiuchi Toshio , Shin‐Ya Yoshitsune , Nagai Hidetada , Fujiwara Koichi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAqueous two‐phase systems were formed from solutions of a polyelectrolyte, polyethyleneoxide–maleic acid copolymer, and potassium phosphate. The properties of such aqueous two‐phase systems were highly dependent on pH. This was reflected in the partition behavior of three chicken egg white proteins: lysozyme, conalbumin and ovalbumin. Separability of these three proteins was improved by the use of the polyelectrolyte, in comparison with when uncharged polyethylene glycol (poly(1,2‐dihydroxyethane)) was used as a phase‐forming polymer.© 2002 Society of Chemical Industry
Lipase‐catalyzed dynamic kinetic resolution of (R,S)‐fenoprofen thioester in isooctane
Authors: Chen Chia‐Yin , Cheng Yu‐Chi , Tsai Shau‐Wei 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA lipase‐catalyzed enantioselective hydrolysis process under in situ racemization of the remaining (R)‐thioetser substrate with trioctylamine as the catalyst was developed for the production of (S)‐fenoprofen from (R,S)‐fenoprofen 2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl thioester in isooctane. Detailed investigations of trioctylamine concentration on the enzyme activation and the kinetic behavior of the thioester in racemization and enzymatic reactions were conducted, in which good agreement between the experimental data and theoretical results was observed.© 2002 Society of Chemical Industry
Intussusception induced by villous tumor of the colon: Sonographic findings
Authors: Fujii Yasutomo , Taniguchi Nobuyuki , Itoh Kouichi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report a case of intussusception caused by a villous tumor of the ascending colon in an 82‐year‐old man. Abdominal sonography showed intussusception in the ascending colon, with a transverse scan demonstrating a multiple concentric ring sign. Color Doppler sonography showed blood flow signals in a mass, which was considered to be the lead point of the intussusception. A spontaneous reduction of the intussusception occurred during the examination; sonography then showed a mildly echogenic, mass. The graded compression method revealed that the mass was soft and immobile. Colonoscopy confirmed the diagnosis of villous tumor. Sonography helped to make an early diagnosis, allowing successful conservative management of the tumor and the intussusception. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 30:48–51, 2002.
Intermittent drop in blood flow velocity in the internal carotid artery and its branches
Authors: Samii Cirus , Diehl Rolf R. , Berlit Peter 
Published: August 2002

AbstractExtracranial Doppler sonography and transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) allow the assessment and monitoring of hemodynamic and embolic events in cerebrovascular diseases. We describe an unusual hemodynamic phenomenon in a patient with intracranial carotid siphon stenosis and no clinical symptoms of stenosis. TCD examination suggested and angiography confirmed stenosis of the left internal carotid artery siphon. TCD examination revealed a sudden, intermittent drop in blood flow velocity in both the prestenotic and poststenotic segments of the internal carotid artery, whereas cardiac hemodynamic parameters were unaffected. Embolic signals were detected in the poststenotic vessels only. We speculate that such sonographic findings may be caused by intermittent vessel occlusions due to the reversible displacement of an intraluminal thrombus in relation to the cardiac cycle. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 30:98–102, 2002; DOI 10.1002/jcu.10037