bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fibronectin and laminin elicit differential behaviors from SH‐SY5Y growth cones contacting inhibitory chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans
Authors: Hynds DiAnna L. , Snow Diane M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractNeuronal growth cones integrate signals from outgrowth‐promoting molecules, e.g., laminin (LN) or fibronectin (FN), and outgrowth‐inhibiting molecules, e.g., chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), to navigate through extracellular matrix (ECM). Sensory neurons on LN typically turn to avoid areas rich in inhibitory CSPGs, whereas neuron‐like cells of human origin (SH‐SY5Y) preferentially stop/stall. These different behaviors may reflect differences in neuron type, response to outgrowth‐promoters, or the mechanisms involved in outgrowth vs. inhibition. We used image analysis to determine the effects of different outgrowth promoters on the response of SH‐SY5Y cells to inhibitory CSPGs. LN increased neurite initiation and elongation compared to cells plated either on endogenous matrix or FN. On a patterned substratum consisting of alternating stripes of FN and CSPGs, 59.6 ± 9.3% of SH‐SY5Y growth cones turned upon CSPG contact, whereas only 31.9 ± 8.2% of growth cones turned at a LN/CSPG border. Growth cones on LN spread more upon contact with CSPG than growth cones on FN, whereas growth cones on LN or FN not contacting CSPGs were morphologically similar. Because it is known that integrins are involved in outgrowth on promoters, we analyzed integrin expression in response to inhibitory CSPGs in a choice assay. CSPGs did not induce increases or redistribution of several integrin subunits in SH‐SY5Y cells. Furthermore, an anti‐β1 integrin function‐blocking antibody did not alter growth cone behavior at a CSPG border. These results indicate that significant mechanistic differences may exist between outgrowth on homogenous outgrowth promoters and growth cone turning at inhibitory molecules. J. Neurosci. Res. 66:630–642, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors: Transient loss of NR1/NR2A/NR2B subunits after traumatic brain injury in a rodent model
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Zou Linglong , Yuan Xiaoqing , Long Yan , Yang Keyi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractHippocampal N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits, by virtue of their involvement in excitotoxic injury as well as memory association, may play an important role in the pathophysiologic mechanisms of traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this study, temporal changes in NMDA receptor subunit (NR1, NR2A, and NR2B) levels in rat hippocampus after TBI were investigated by Western blot and mRNA expression levels by RT‐PCR methods. Sprague‐Dawley rats (250–350 g) were employed, and a controlled cortical impact injury device was used to produce the TBI in rodents. At different postinjury time points (2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hr), the rat hippocampi were dissected out for protein and RNA preparation. Western blot analysis revealed significant decreases of NR1, NR2A, and NR2B subunit proteins at 6 and 12 hr postinjury in rat hippocampus. Complete recovery of NR1, NR2A, and NR2B subunit protein to the levels of sham controls was observed at 24 hr postinjury. However, RT‐PCR analysis did not show any significant change in the mRNA levels at 2, 6, and 12 hr postinjury in comparison with sham controls, suggesting nontranscriptional change in the levels of these subunits. Thus, TBI can produce transient degradation of NMDA receptor subunits in the hippocampus, which might contribute to temporary memory impairment after injury. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ca2+‐independent caspase‐3 but not Ca2+‐dependent caspase‐2 activation induced by oxidative stress leads to SH‐SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell apoptosis
Authors: Amoroso Salvatore , D'Alessio Angela , Sirabella Rossana , Di Renzo Gianfranco , Annunziato Lucio 
Published: August 2002

AbstractContinuous and long‐lasting exposure to tert‐butylhydroperoxide (t‐BOOH) increased the number of apoptotic SH‐SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells both in the presence and in the absence of the intracellular Ca2+ ion chelator 1,2‐bis(o‐aminophenoxy)ethane‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetraacetic acid (BAPTA). In addition, t‐BOOH exposure induced activation of CPP32, as demonstrated by poly‐(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, and of ICH‐1L caspases. Exposure to t‐BOOH also induced a time‐dependent release of cytochrome c. Interestingly, in the presence of BAPTA, CPP32 activation still occurred, whereas ICH‐1L activation was blocked. Ac‐DEVD‐CHO, an inhibitor of CPP32 activity, prevented the appearance of apoptotic cells, whereas the inhibitor of ICH‐1L activity Z‐VDVAD‐FMK did not. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that in SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells exposure to continuous and long‐lasting oxidative stress induced activation of caspase‐3 that was independent of intracellular Ca2+ ion concentration ([Ca2+]i) elevation but led to cell apoptosis. In contrast, caspase‐2 activation was dependent on [Ca2+]i increase but did not result in apoptosis. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cellular mechanisms of connexin32 mutations associated with CNS manifestations
Authors: Kleopa Kleopas A. , Yum Sabrina W. , Scherer Steven S. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBoth oligodendrocytes and myelinating Schwann cells express the gap junction protein connexin32 (Cx32). Mutations in the gene encoding Cx32 (GJB1) cause the X‐linked form of Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease (CMTX). Although most CMTX patients do not have clinical central nervous system (CNS) manifestations, subclinical evidence of CNS dysfunction is common. We investigated the cellular effects of a subgroup of GJB1/Cx32 mutations that have been reported to cause clinical CNS dysfunction. We hypothesized that these mutants have dominant‐negative effects on other connexins expressed by oligodendrocytes, specifically Cx45. We expressed these and other Cx32 mutants in communication‐incompetent as well as Cx45‐expressing HeLa cells, and analyzed the transfected cells by immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting. In communication‐incompetent cells, the mutants associated with CNS phenotypes failed to reach the cell membrane and were instead retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (A39V, T55I) or Golgi apparatus (M93V, R164Q, R183H), although rare gap junction plaques were found in cells expressing M93V or R183H. In HeLa cells stably expressing Cx45, these Cx32 mutants showed a similar expression pattern, and did not alter the pattern of Cx45 expression. These results indicate that Cx32 mutants that are associated with a CNS phenotype do not interact with Cx45, but may instead have other toxic effects in oligodendrocytes. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Substrate exchange properties of the high‐affinity glutamate transporter EAAT2
Authors: Dunlop John 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA stable cell line expressing the predominant brain glutamate transporter EAAT2 was used for the characterization of substrate exchange as a biochemical index for discriminating between substrate and non‐substrate inhibitors of the cloned EAAT2 transporter. Addition of 1 mM unlabeled D‐aspartate to cells equilibrated with [3H]D‐aspartate produced a time‐dependent depletion of the [3H] label retained by the cells. L‐Aspartate, L‐glutamate and L‐cysteate produced an equivalent degree of [3H] exchange to that observed with D‐aspartate, although the non‐substrate EAAT2 inhibitor dihydrokainate and D‐glutamate, which does not interact with the substrate binding site, failed to stimulate [3H]D‐aspartate exchange. Estimation of EC50 values for the stimulation of [3H] exchange by D‐aspartate, L‐glutamate and L‐trans‐2,4‐pyrollidine carboxylate (trans‐PDC) produced values that were in excellent agreement with the corresponding IC50 values for the same compounds to inhibit EAAT2 uptake. Moreover, trans‐PDC was found to produce a lower maximal exchange than that observed with D‐aspartate, consistent with the known partial EAAT2 substrate activity of trans‐PDC. The estimate of drug induced [3H] efflux with the cloned EAAT2 transporter represents a convenient biochemical assay for the discrimination of substrate and non‐substrate inhibitors of the EAAT2 subtype. J. Neurosci. Res. 66:482–486, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vibrational bands of luminescent zinc(II)‐octaethylporphyrin using a polarization‐sensitive ‘microscopic’ multiplex CARS technique
Authors: Otto C. , Voroshilov A. , Kruglik S. G. , Greve J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPolarization‐sensitive, multiplex coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (ps‐MCARS) has been used to detect the vibrational bands of the highly luminescent zinc(II)‐octaethylporphyrin (Zn‐OEP). We show here that ps‐MCARS can be used to measure the vibrational bands under resonant conditions. Polarization‐sensitive CARS further helps to resolve composite and overlapping Raman bands on the basis of variations in vibrational symmetry. This paper also exemplifies the advantages of multiplex CARS (MCARS) spectroscopy carried out under tight focusing conditions as proposed earlier. We demonstrate that a ‘microscopic’ CARS focusing and collection system in combination with the multiplex technique allows a reduction in the amount of sample and a shortening of the measurement time. We analyse the relationship between the coherent vibrational phases and the symmetry of the different vibrational band of Zn‐OEP skeletal modes. The values of the coherent vibrational phases are similar for vibrational bands with the same symmetry. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structure and Raman spectra of transient species in the catalytic disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide by molybdate ions
Authors: Arab M. , Bougeard D. , Aubry J. M. , Marko J. , Paul J. F. , Payen E. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe Raman spectra of the transient peroxo species [MoO4]2−, [MoO3(O2)]2−, [MoO2(O2)2]2−, [MoO(O2)3]2− and [Mo(O2)4]2− appearing during the catalytic disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide, were recorded and characterized in solutions corresponding to concentrations varying from 0 to 8.5 M H2O2. These spectra were assigned with the help of quantum chemical normal mode analyses using configuration interaction (CISD) and the B3LYP approximation. It turns out that by increasing the number of peroxo groups around the molybdenum atom the stability of the molecule and its oxidizing power are increased. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrophoretic patterns of microwaved and γ‐irradiated beef liver proteins
Authors: Farag R S , Hegazy R A , El‐Khawas Kh H , Farag M M 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe effects of γ‐irradiation treatments (2.5, 5 and 10 kGy) and microwaves generated from an oven at low and defrost power settings for 0.5, 1 and 2 min on the total proteins and protein patterns of beef liver immediately after treatment and during frozen storage (−18 °C) for different periods were studied. Chemical analyses indicated that the protein content of beef liver was reduced after exposure to γ‐radiation or microwaves and also during frozen storage. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) was used to illustrate the changes in protein bands of different molecular weights and their percentages before and after exposure to gamma and microwave radiation. The main effect of γ‐radiation on the protein patterns of beef liver was the disappearance of some high‐molecular‐weight protein bands and the development of other bands characterised by moderate and low molecular weights. This finding indicates the degradation of beef liver proteins by γ‐irradiation. In contrast, microwave treatment caused an increase in the levels of high‐molecular‐weight protein bands with a concomitant decrease in low‐molecular‐weight protein bands. This phenomenon demonstrates the polymerisation of low‐molecular‐weight proteins under the influence of microwaves.© 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Prognostic significance of the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF‐C in gastric carcinoma
Authors: Ichikura Takashi , Tomimatsu Soichi , Ohkura Eiji , Mochizuki Hidetaka 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackground and Objectives:Angiogenic factors play a major role in tumor growth and metastasis. The purpose of this study was to clarify the prognostic significance of the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF‐C in gastric carcinoma.Methods:Formalin‐fixed and paraffin embedded sections of tumor tissue were obtained from 76 patients who underwent curative gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining for VEGF and VEGF‐C was performed.Results:VEGF and VEGF‐C were positively expressed in 39 and 45% of the patients, respectively. No correlation existed between VEGF and VEGF‐C expressions. VEGF expression was significantly correlated with venous invasion. VEGF‐C expression was significantly correlated with lymphatic and venous invasion. Patients with positive staining for VEGF showed a significantly lower survival rate than VEGF negative patients. After subdivision, according to the combination of VEGF and VEGF‐C expression, VEGF‐C expression had a significant unfavorable impact on prognosis among patients with negative staining for VEGF. The expression of VEGF and/or VEGF‐C was independent prognostic determinant by the multivariate survival analysis.Conclusion:The positive expression for VEGF and/or VEGF‐C was an important prognostic determinant after curative gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma. VEGF‐C may stimulate the tumor progression in the absence of VEGF. J. Surg. Oncol. 2001;78:132–137. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preoperative positivity of serum tumor markers is a strong predictor of hematogenous recurrence of gastric cancer
Authors: Marrelli Daniele , Pinto Enrico , De Stefano Alfonso , de Manzoni Giovanni , Farnetani Maurizio , Garosi Lorenzo , Roviello Franco 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPreoperative positivity of serum tumor markers has been reported to be a prognostic factor in several neoplasms. The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the correlation between CEA, CA 19‐9, and CA 72‐4 preoperative serum levels and the site of recurrence after curative surgery for gastric cancer.MethodsOne hundred sixty‐seven patients resected for primary gastric cancer between January 1988 and June 1996 were considered. All patients were followed‐up according to the same protocol, with a mean follow‐up time of 45 ± 39 months (range: 2–130). The correlation between marker positivity and the incidence of recurrence was studied by means of univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsA tumor recurrence was found in 92 patients (55.1%). For each of the three markers, preoperative positivity was related to a higher incidence of hematogenous recurrences with respect to negative cases; univariate analysis also revealed a higher incidence of locoregional recurrences in CA 72‐4‐positive cases. At multivariate analysis, preoperative positivity for one or more tumor markers proved to be an independent predictor of hematogenous recurrences (P < 0.005, relative risk [RR] 4.82), in addition to lymph node involvement (P < 0.05, RR 3.82); no correlation between marker positivity and the onset of locoregional or peritoneal recurrences was found.ConclusionsPreoperative positivity for CEA, CA 19‐9 or CA 72‐4 is an independent risk factor for hematogenous recurrences of gastric carcinoma; this aspect should be considered in the option of using adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery for gastric cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2001;78:253–258. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of neutral α ‐amino acids by sodium N‐chloro‐p‐toluenesulfonamide in acid medium
Authors: Rangappa K. S. , Manjunathaswamy K. , Raghavendra M. P. , Made Gowda N. M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractKinetics of oxidation of α ‐amino acids, glycine, valine, alanine, and phenylalanine, by sodium N‐chloro‐p‐toluenesulfonamide or chloramine‐T (CAT) has been investigated in HClO4 medium at 30°C. The rate shows first‐order dependence on both CAT and amino acid concentrations and an inverse first‐order on [H+]. The variation of ionic strength and the addition of p‐toluenesulfonamide and Cl− ion had no effect on the reaction rate. Decrease of dielectric constant of the medium by increasing the MeOH content decreased the rate. Rate studies in D2O medium showed the inverse solvent‐isotope effect of kD2O/kH2O=0.50. Proton‐inventory studies were carried out using H2O–D2O mixtures. The activation parameters have been computed. The proposed mechanism and the derived rate law are consistent with the observed kinetic data. An isokinetic relationship is observed with β=323 K, indicating enthalpy as a controlling factor. The rate of oxidation increases in the following order: Gly < Val < Phe < Ala. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 34: 49–55, 2002
Hydrophobicity dependence of oxidation of tetrapeptides of elastin sequences with Mn(III): Synthesis, characterization, kinetics, and mechanistic study
Authors: Kempe Gowda B. K. , Prasad H. S. , Rangappa K. S. , Channe Gowda D. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe analogues of elastin sequences, glycyl‐glycyl‐alanyl‐proline (GGAP), glycyl‐glycyl‐phenylalanyl‐proline (GGFP), and glycyl‐glycyl‐isoleucyl‐proline (GGIP) were synthesized by classical solution phase method and characterized. The kinetics of oxidation of these tetrapeptides (TETP) by Mn(III) has been studied in the presence of sulphate ions in acidic solution at 25°C. The reaction was followed spectrophotometrically at λmax = 500 nm. A first‐order dependence of rate on both [Mn(III)] and [TETP] was observed. The rate is independent of the concentration of the reduction product, Mn(II), and hydrogen ions. The effects of varying the dielectric constant of the medium and addition of anions such as sulphate, chloride, or perchlorate were studied. Activation parameters have been evaluated using Arrhenius and Erying plots. The oxidation products were isolated and characterized. A mechanism involving the reaction of TETP with Mn(III) in the rate‐limiting step is suggested. An apparent correlation was noted between the rate of oxidation and the hydrophobicity of these sequences, where increased hydrophobicity results in increased rate of oxidation. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 34: 39–48, 2002
Erratum: “Kinetics of the cyclopentadiene decay and the recombination of cyclopentadienyl radicals with H‐atoms: Enthalpy of formation of the cyclopentadienyl radical”, Int J Chem Kinet 2001, 33, 821
Authors: Roy K. , Braun‐Unkhoff M. , Frank P. , Just Th. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis erratum is being published to correct a compositor error in a previous issue. None of the requested author changes were made in the published version. Those changes are detailed below and are made in the following reprint of the article containing the original pagination. Corrected versions of the article can be ordered from Dr. Marina Braun‐Unkhoff, at the following address: Institut für Verbrennungstechnik, DLR‐Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 38‐40, D‐70569 Stuttgart, Germany. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 34: 209–222, 2002; DOI 10.1002/kin.10044Page 821:The affiliation should read: DLR Institut für Verbrennungstechnik, Pfaffenwaldring 38‐40, D‐70569 Stuttgart, GermanyIn line 10 of the abstract the reference should read: (Phys Chem, in press)Page 822:In the first column, first full paragraph, line 18, the reference [8b] should be inserted following et al.Page 825:In the first column, first full paragraph, line 25, the comma after modeling should be removed.Page 827:The title of Table V should be: Enthalpies of FormationPage 829:In the second column, line 3, EMBED should be removedIn the same column, line 8, the word ‘and’ should be moved to a position before 〈ΔE〉all(0)In lines 19 & 21 EMBED should be removedPage 831:In the second column, line 9, EMBED should be removed
Kinetics of the reaction of NO2 with a macrocyclic nickel complex
Authors: Bakac Andreja 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe kinetics of the reaction between NO2 and ([14]aneN4)Ni2+ were determined by laser flash photolysis. The NO2 was generated in two independent reactions, one of which is based on the photochemistry of (NH3)5CoNO22+, and the other on the photochemistry of HNO2/NO2−. The results from both sets of experiments yielded a consistent value for the rate constant, k1 = 1.2 × 108 M−1 s−1 in aqueous solutions at pH 1–4. There was no evidence for the reverse reaction. NO2 reacts with Feaq2+ more slowly, kFe ∼ 2 × 105 M−1 s−1. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 34: 278–281, 2002
Reactions of platinum(II) dipicolinate complex with amino acids—chelation and isomerization
Authors: Dey Sukalpa , Banerjee Pradyot 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe kinetic course of the reactions of [Pt(dipictr)Cl]− (where H2dipic = pyridine‐2,6‐dicarboxylic acid; bonded in tridentate mode) with glycine, β‐alanine, and L‐histidine was followed at 25°C in aqueous medium at pH 3.00–10.73 at I = 0.5 mol dm−3 (LiClO4) spectrophotometrically and through 1H NMR spectral analysis. The selectivity of platinum(II) toward the amino acids with regard to chelation and isomerization is controlled by donor atoms and steric properties. The aquation equilibrium of the designated platinum(II) complex also affects the binding rate in the case of glycine and β‐alanine. The reaction products have been isolated and characterized through 1H NMR spectra. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 34: 262–270, 2002
Multivariate analysis of laryngeal fluorescence spectra recorded in vivo
Authors: Eker Charlotta , Rydell Roland , Svanberg Katarina , Andersson‐Engels Stefan 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe potential of using various multivariate analysis methods for classification of fluorescence spectra acquired in vivo from laryngeal tissues in Patients was investigated.Study Design/Materials and MethodsAutofluorescence spectra were measured on 29 normal tissue sites and 25 laryngeal lesions using 337‐nm excitation. Four different multivariate analysis schemes were applied. Laryngeal fluorescence spectra from patients who had been administered δ‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA) were obtained using 405‐nm excitation and were classified using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA).ResultsFor autofluorescence spectra, logistic regression based on principal component analysis (PCA) or PLS, or PLS‐DA all resulted in sensitivities and specificities around 90% for lesion vs. normal. Using ALA and 405‐nm excitation gave a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 69%.ConclusionMultivariate analysis of fluorescence spectra could allow classification of laryngeal lesions in vivo with high sensitivity and specificity. PLS performs at least as well as PCA, and PLS‐DA performs as well as logistic regression techniques on these data. Lasers Surg. Med. 28:259–266, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.