bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Assessment of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Transmission among Physicians Working at a COVID-dedicated Tertiary-care Hospital
Authors: Choudhury Adnan Yusuf , Sarkar Nirmal Kanti , Sobuj Mofizur Rahman , Biswas Sushanta , Roy Moumita , Uddin Jalal Mohsin , Hamid Md Abdul 
Published: February 2024

Background and aims: In the earlier stage of pandemic, a sizeable number of physicians and other healthcare workers were infected with SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study was to assess the factors associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among physicians working at a COVID-dedicated tertiary care hospital, within and outside the medical workplace.
Methods: This case control study was conducted among the physicians and surgeons working at different departments of Mugda Medical College and Hospital and undergone different pattern of exposure to COVID patients within the period of 20 April, 2020 and 20 July, 2020. Respondents were queried regarding job description, workplace exposures, respiratory protection, hospital policy of disease prevention, and extra-occupational activities during duty period. Chi-square test was done and odds ratios for physicians’ infection were calculated. A p-value <0.05 was considered as statistical significant.
Results: Increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in physicians was associated with the use of mobile phone during duty hour (OR, 15, 95% confidence interval 1.971 to 121.905, p=0.001), and breech of PPE during doffing (OR, 2.52, 95% confidence interval 0.821 to 7.76, p=0.099). Extra-occupational risk factors included contact with known COVID patient (OR, 5.735, 95% confidence interval 2.072 to 15.872, p=<0.001), and visit any gathering (OR, 1.076, 95% confidence interval 0.412 to 2.81, p=0.881). Physicians worked in roster group (50%) and round group (34.38%) were mostly infected than other facilities.
Conclusion: COVID-19 transmissions to physicians was associated with exposure at workplace, breech in PPE during doffing, use of device during round/roster period, extra-occupational exposure to known COVID patients outside the hospital, and visit any gathering. Close monitoring of infection control measures in workplace and increase awareness of the risks of outdoor activities in pandemic situation, may reduce the incidence of infection among physicians.
Mugda Med Coll J. 2022; 5(2): 93-97
Pycnodysostosis: Report of A Rare Case
Authors: Sultana Farhana , Ahmed Luna , Chatterjee Sutapa , Farzana Mst Nilufar , Ahmed Rokshana , Deepa Zereen Sultana 
Published: February 2024

A 20-year old male patient reported in the outpatient department of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, with the complaints of body aches along with pain in the upper and lower limbs for several years. He also gave history of previous hospitalization for the same reason. He also had complaints of failure to thrive in his adolescence. However, he was treated as a case of polyarthritis in his previous admission in the district hospital. On clinical examination, he was found to have short stature, low-weight, peculiar face, prominent forehead, receding jaw and partial dysplasia of the terminal phalanges. He was sent for radiological investigations in the Department of Radiology & Imaging of the same hospital. Plain radiograph of his skull showed brachycephaly with wide sutures and persistent fontanelles with sclerotic changes in the base of skull and orbital rims. The angle of the mandible was obtuse, and the maxilla was found hypoplastic. Lumbar region showed ‘spool-shaped’ vertebral bodies with quite prominent anterior defects; bones had sclerotic changes. Both hands had acro-osteolysis of distal phalanges of thumb, index, middle and ring fingers (both right and left sides) along with irregular distal fragments; bones were sclerotic, too. Those features were consistent with pycnodysostosis. The patient was kept admitted into the hospital and treated accordingly. After obtaining a written informed consent, he was presented as a special case in clinical seminar.
Mugda Med Coll J. 2022; 5(2): 110-113
Increased lateral femoral condyle ratio measured by MRI is associated with higher risk of solitary meniscus injury
Authors: Yang Lei , Xing Shuxing 
Published: February 2024

Background: Past studies found that an increased lateral femoral condyle ratio is associated with anterior cruciate ligament injuries, but it is not clear if there is a link between MRI-measured lateral femoral condyle ratios and meniscal injuries. MRI provides a more accurate selection of measurement planes. Compared to X-rays, it further reduces data errors due to non-standard positions.Objective: To study the relationship between knee bone morphology and Solitary meniscal injuries by MRI.Methods: A total of 175 patients were included in this retrospective case-control study, including 54 cases of pure medial meniscus injury, 44 cases of pure lateral meniscus injury as the experimental group, and 77 control subjects. MRI images were used to measure the femoral notch width, femoral condylar width, femoral notch width index, lateral femoral condylar ratio (LFCR), posterior tibial slope, medial tibial plateau depth, and meniscus slope. In addition, carefully check for the presence of specific signs such as bone contusions and meniscal extrusions. Comparing the anatomical differences in multiple bone morphologies between the two groups, a stepwise forward multifactorial logistic analysis was used to identify the risk factors for Solitary meniscal injuries. Finally, ROC curves were used to determine the critical values and best predictors of risk factors.Results: MTS, LTS, and LFCR ended up as independent risk factors for meniscus injury. Among all risk factors, LFCR had the largest AUC of 0.781 (0.714–0.848) with a threshold of 72.75%. When combined with MTS (&gt;3.63°), diagnostic performance improved with an AUC of 0.833 (0.774–0.892).Conclusion: Steep medial tibial plateau slope, steep lateral tibial plateau slope angle, and deep posterior lateral femoral condyles on MRI are independent risk factors for meniscal injuries. In patients with knee discomfort with the above imaging findings (X-ray, MRI), we should suspect and carefully evaluate the occurrence of meniscal injuries. It not only provides a theoretical basis to understand the mechanism of meniscus injury but also provides theoretical guidance for the prevention of meniscus injury and the development of intervention measures. Level of evidence III.
Single-molecular diffusivity and long jumps of large organic molecules: CoPc on Ag(100)
Authors: Sabik Agata , Ellis John , Hedgeland Holly , Ward David J. , Jardine Andrew P. , Allison William , Antczak Grażyna , Tamtögl Anton 
Published: February 2024

Energy dissipation and the transfer rate of adsorbed molecules do not only determine the rates of chemical reactions but are also a key factor that often dictates the growth of organic thin films. Here, we present a study of the surface dynamical motion of cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) on Ag(100) in reciprocal space based on the helium spin-echo technique in comparison with previous scanning tunnelling microscopy studies. It is found that the activation energy for lateral diffusion changes from 150 meV at 45–50 K to ≈100 meV at 250–350 K, and that the process goes from exclusively single jumps at low temperatures to predominantly long jumps at high temperatures. We thus illustrate that while the general diffusion mechanism remains similar, upon comparing the diffusion process over widely divergent time scales, indeed different jump distributions and a decrease of the effective diffusion barrier are found. Hence a precise molecular-level understanding of dynamical processes and thin film formation requires following the dynamics over the entire temperature scale relevant to the process. Furthermore, we determine the diffusion coefficient and the atomic-scale friction of CoPc and establish that the molecular motion on Ag(100) corresponds to a low friction scenario as a consequence of the additional molecular degrees of freedom.
Influences on student motivation and independent learning skills: cross-cultural differences between Hong Kong and the United Kingdom
Authors: Lo Noble Po-kan , Bremner Pauline A. M. , Forbes-McKay Katrina E. 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionThis study examined the ways in which different influences on student motivation and the development of independent learning (IL) skills might be constituted across students learning within different educational cultures. Previous studies on student motivation and IL have suggested the potential for differing conceptualizations of IL and its strategies (ILS), prompting questions as to the sources of these distinctions. One theory is that they might be influenced by differing cultural constructions of these concepts or may be linked to different motivations with respect to the purposes and outcomes of education.MethodsThis study addressed a research gap with respect to these differences in the British and Chinese contexts by examining the responses of students sampled from a university in Scotland and a university in Hong Kong. Through mixed-methods research comprising quantitative analysis of questionnaires and thematic analysis of interview data, this research project compared conceptualizations of IL and ILS across both these contexts and highlighted the role that student motivation might play in either context.ResultsThe analytical results showed differences in the conception of IL and the implementation of ILS potentially due to differing cultural contexts.DiscussionFurther cross-cultural comparative research is needed with a study design that excludes the influence of institutional and demographic factors to better isolate the influence of culture on perception of IL and use of ILS.
Site-specific additionality in aboveground carbon sequestration in set-aside forests in Flanders (northern Belgium)
Authors: Vanhellemont Margot , Leyman Anja , Govaere Leen , De Keersmaeker Luc , Vandekerkhove Kris 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionIn situ carbon sequestration in forests is important in the context of climate change mitigation, and setting aside managed forests has been proposed as an option for increased carbon sequestration. Comparing set-aside and managed forests may provide insights and rules of thumb on the potential for additional in situ carbon sequestration in set-aside forest.MethodsIn an observational study, we compared re-inventory data from the network of set-aside forest reserves in Flanders, which have been unmanaged for 17–66 years (2 surveys with a 10 years interval), with re-inventory data from the regional forest inventory, representing the overall forest area in Flanders (2 surveys with a 15 years interval).ResultsThe aboveground carbon pools and sequestration rates were higher in the set-aside forests compared to the average forest in Flanders. In the average Flemish forest, the aboveground carbon pool increased from 64.7 to 85.1 tC ha−1, over a period of 15 years. In the set-aside forests, the mean pool was higher at the first measurement and further increased from 84.8 to 102.4 tC ha−1, over a period of 10 years. The mean aboveground annual carbon sequestration rate was 1.3 tC ha−1 year−1 in the average forest in Flanders and 1.8 tC ha−1 year−1 in the set-aside forests. The stocks and fluxes depended on the soil conditions and were higher in set-aside forests on silt and sandy silt sites compared to wet and sand sites. The set-aside forests on dry sites showed additionality in in situ aboveground carbon sequestration. We saw no indication of approaching a culmination point in the first decades following set-aside: plots with high carbon pools did not show lower carbon sequestration. In conclusion, set-aside forests can combine high carbon pools with high sequestration rates on suitable sites. Under the current management policy, we expect Flemish forests—regular and set-aside—to further increase their carbon pools in the coming decades.
Case report: A new de novo 6q21q22.1 interstitial deletion case in a girl with cerebellar vermis hypoplasia and developmental delay and literature review
Authors: Minotti Chiara , Graziani Ludovico , Sallicandro Ester , Digilio Maria Cristina , Falasca Roberto , Alesi Viola , Novelli Giuseppe , Dentici Maria Lisa , Loddo Sara , Novelli Antonio 
Published: February 2024

Interstitial deletions involving 6q chromosomal region are rare. Less than 30 patients have been described to date, and fewer have been characterized by high-resolution techniques, such as chromosomal microarray. Deletions involving 6q21q22.1 region are associated with an extremely wide and heterogeneous clinical spectrum, thus genotype–phenotype correlation based on the size of the rearranged region and on the involved genes is complex, even among individuals with overlapping deletions. Here we describe the phenotypic and molecular characterization of a new 6q interstitial deletion in a girl with developmental delay, intellectual disability, cerebellar vermis hypoplasia, facial peculiar characteristics, ataxia and ocular abnormalities. Microarray analysis of the proposita revealed a 7.9 Mb interstitial de novo deletion at 6q21q22.1 chromosomal region, which spanned from nucleotides 108,337,770 to 116,279,453 (GRCh38/hg38). The present case, alongside with a systematic review of the literature, provides further evidence that could aid to the definition of the Smallest Region of Overlap and of the genomic traits that are associated with particular phenotypes, focusing on neurological findings and especially on cerebellar anomalies.
Prevalence of inherited metabolic disorders among newborns in Zhuzhou, a southern city in China
Authors: Luo Hunjin , Wang Jiqing , Chen Junfeng , Yi Huijian , Yang Xiaodong , Peng Yao , Ni Liu , Yang Yi-Qiong , Zhang Xiao-Min , Huang Hongping 
Published: February 2024

Background and aims: Defective enzymes, cofactors, or transporters of metabolic pathways cause inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs), a group of genetic disorders. Several IMDs have serious consequences for the affected neonates. Newborn screening for IMDs is conducted by measuring specific metabolites between 3 and 7 days of life. Herein, we analyzed the incidence, spectrum, and genetic characteristics of IMDs in newborns in the Zhuzhou area.Methods: Tandem mass spectrometry was conducted on 90,829 newborns who were admitted to the Women and Children Healthcare Hospital of Zhuzhou and requested for screening for IMDs. These newborns were subsequently subjected to next-generation sequencing and further validated using Sanger sequencing.Results: 30 IMDs cases were found in 90,829 cases of newborns screened for IMDs, and the overall incidence was 1/3,027. The incidence of amino acid, organic acid, fatty acid oxidation and urea cycle disorders were 1/8,257, 1/18,165, 1/7,569, and 1/45,414, respectively. Additionally, 9 cases of maternal IMDs were found in our study, and unreported gene mutations of 3 cases IMDs were identified.Conclusion: Our data indicated that IMDs are never uncommon in zhuzhou, meanwhile, we also found that primary carnitine deficiency was the only disorder of fatty acid oxidation in Zhuzhou, and the incidence (1/7,569) was higher than the national level, organic acid metabolic diseases are mostly inherited. Therefore, our study has clarified the disease spectrum and genetic backgrounds, contributing to the treatment and prenatal genetic counseling of these disorders in this region.
Multitask prediction models for serous ovarian cancer by preoperative CT image assessments based on radiomics
Authors: Fu Le , Wang Wenjing , Lin Lingling , Gao Feng , Yang Jiani , Lv Yunyun , Ge Ruiqiu , Wu Meixuan , Chen Lei , Liu Aie , Xin Enhui , Yu Jianli , Cheng Jiejun , Wang Yu 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveHigh-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) has the highest mortality rate among female reproductive system tumors. Accurate preoperative assessment is crucial for treatment planning. This study aims to develop multitask prediction models for HGSOC using radiomics analysis based on preoperative CT images.MethodsThis study enrolled 112 patients diagnosed with HGSOC. Laboratory findings, including serum levels of CA125, HE-4, and NLR, were collected. Radiomic features were extracted from manually delineated ROI on CT images by two radiologists. Classification models were developed using selected optimal feature sets to predict R0 resection, lymph node invasion, and distant metastasis status. Model evaluation was conducted by quantifying receiver operating curves (ROC), calculating the area under the curve (AUC), De Long’s test.ResultsThe radiomics models applied to CT images demonstrated superior performance in the testing set compared to the clinical models. The area under the curve (AUC) values for the combined model in predicting R0 resection were 0.913 and 0.881 in the training and testing datasets, respectively. De Long’s test indicated significant differences between the combined and clinical models in the testing set (p = 0.003). For predicting lymph node invasion, the AUCs of the combined model were 0.868 and 0.800 in the training and testing datasets, respectively. The results also revealed significant differences between the combined and clinical models in the testing set (p = 0.002). The combined model for predicting distant metastasis achieved AUCs of 0.872 and 0.796 in the training and test datasets, respectively. The combined model displayed excellent agreement between observed and predicted results in predicting R0 resection, while the radiomics model demonstrated better calibration than both the clinical model and combined model in predicting lymph node invasion and distant metastasis. The decision curve analysis (DCA) for predicting R0 resection favored the combined model over both the clinical and radiomics models, whereas for predicting lymph node invasion and distant metastasis, DCA favored the radiomics model over both the clinical model and combined model.ConclusionThe identified radiomics signature holds potential value in preoperatively evaluating the R0, lymph node invasion and distant metastasis in patients with HGSC. The radiomics nomogram demonstrated the incremental value of clinical predictors for surgical outcome and metastasis estimation.
Effects of dietary D-lactate levels on rumen fermentation, microflora and metabolomics of beef cattle
Authors: Gao Qian , He Jianfu , Wang Jin , Yan Yonghui , Liu Lei , Wang Zuo , Shen Weijun , Wan Fachun 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionExcessive intake of lactate caused by improper use of silage in animal husbandry has adverse effects on rumen fermentation, such as rumen acidosis. The speed of absorption and metabolism of D-lactate in rumen epithelial cells was slower than that of L-lactate, making D-lactate more prone to accumulate and induce rumen acidosis. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the effects of dietary D-lactate levels on rumen fermentation of beef cattle and its mechanism in an in vitro system.MethodsThis experiment was adopted in single-factor random trial design, with 5 days for adaptation and 3 days for sample collection. Three treatments (n = 8/treatment) were used: (1) D-LA (0.3%), basal fermentation substrate with 0.3% (dry matter, DM basis) D-lactate; (2) D-LA (0.75%), basal fermentation substrate with 0.75% (DM basis) D-lactate; and (3) D-LA (1.2%), basal fermentation substrate with 1.2% (DM basis) D-lactate.ResultsWith the dietary D-lactate levels increased, the daily production of total gas, hydrogen and methane, as well as the ruminal concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate, isovalerate, total volatile fatty acid and D-lactate increased (p &lt; 0.05), but the ruminal pH and acetate/propionate ratios decreased (p &lt; 0.05). Principle coordinate analysis based on Bray-Curtis distance showed that increasing dietary D-lactate levels could significantly affect the structure of rumen bacterial community (p &lt; 0.05), but had no significant effect on the structure of rumen eukaryotic community (p &gt; 0.05). NK4A214_group, Ruminococcus_gauvreauii_group, Eubacterium_oxidoreducens_group, Escherichia-Shigella, Marvinbryantia and Entodinium were enriched in D-LA (1.2%) group (p &lt; 0.05), as well as WCHB1-41, vadinBE97, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Anaeroplasma and Ruminococcus were enriched in D-LA (0.3%) group (p &lt; 0.05). Changes in the composition of ruminal microorganisms affected rumen metabolism, mainly focus on the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans (p &lt; 0.05).DiscussionOverall, feeding whole-plant corn silage with high D-lactate content could not induce rumen acidosis, and the metabolization of dietary D-lactate into volatile fatty acids increased the energy supply of beef cattle. However, it also increased the ruminal CH4 emissions and the relative abundance of opportunistic pathogen Escherichia-Shigella in beef cattle. The relative abundance of Verrucomicrobiota and Escherichia-Shigella may be influenced by glycosaminoglycans, reflecting the interaction between rumen microorganisms and metabolites.
Drug-related side effects and adverse reactions in the treatment of migraine: a bibliometric and visual analysis
Authors: Wei Shijie , Lv Hao , Yang Dianhui , Zhang Lili , Li Xuhao , Ning Yike , Tang Yu , Wu Xinyu , Han Jing 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundMigraine imposes a substantial global burden, impacting patients and society. Pharmacotherapy, as a primary treatment, entails specific adverse reactions. Emphasizing these reactions is pivotal for improving treatment strategies and enhancing patients’ well-being. Thus, we conducted a comprehensive bibliometric and visual analysis of relevant literature.MethodologyWe conducted a comprehensive search on the Science Citation Index Expanded within the Web of Science, restricting the literature for analysis based on criteria such as document type, publication date, and language. Subsequently, we utilized various analytical tools, including VOSviewer, Scimago Graphica, the R package ‘bibliometrix’, CiteSpace, and Excel programs, for a meticulous examination and systematic organization of data concerning journals, authors, countries/regions, institutions, keywords, and references.ResultsBy August 31, 2023, the literature was distributed across 379 journals worldwide, authored by 4,235 individuals from 1726 institutions. It featured 2,363 keywords and 38,412 references. ‘HEADACHE’ led in publication count, with ‘SILBERSTEIN S’ as the most prolific author. The United States ranked highest in publication volume, with ‘UNIV COPENHAGEN’ leading among institutions.ConclusionOur research findings indicate that researchers in the field continue to maintain a focus on the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) system and explore diverse mechanisms for drug development through the application of novel biotechnological approaches. Furthermore, it is imperative to enhance the assessment of clinical trial outcomes, consistently monitor the efficacy and safety of prominent drugs such as Erenumab and Fremanezumab. There is a need for further evaluation of acute and preventive treatments tailored to different populations and varying types of migraine.