bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inclusion effect of dietary fat and dietary fibre on growth performance and digesta mean retention time of young broilers fed on wheat/corn diets
Authors: Samat N , Miller H M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Nutrient digestion and absorptions in animals are greatly influenced by the passage rate of digesta and the digesta passage rate or retention/residence time could be affected by the type of feed given. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the inclusion effect of dietary fat and fibre on digesta passage rate in broiler chickens. The hypothesis posited that the mean retention/residence time (MRT) of digesta would be elevated with higher levels of fat, whereas the addition of dietary fibre would have no effect on MRT. The study was designed as a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, with two levels of dietary fat (low fat at 10 g/kg diet and high fat at 50 g/kg diet) and two levels of dietary fibre (0 g/kg diet and 40 g/kg diet). The meals were provided in mash form. The results of the present investigation indicated that dietary fat did not lead to a substantial increase in the total MRT of digesta in broilers, which contradicts the hypothesis of this study. However, the incorporation of a high level of fat has been found to increase body weight gain (BWG), improve feed conversion ratio (FCR) and reduce feed intake (FI). This effect has the potential to result in a more economically efficient production system, as it increases the amount of meat produced per kilogram of feed consumed. Further investigations on increasing digesta MRT are recommended in order to optimize the sustainable utilization of feed ingredients in broiler diets, particularly non-conventional feedstuffs, which involve in the application of feed enzymes such as enzymes that degrade fibre, phytate and other antinutrients present in feed.
Analysis of Potential and Strategy for Sustainable Development of Sheep Resources in Serdang Bedagai Regency
Authors: Siregar G A W , Sipayung L 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The demand for animal products has grown up in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The livestock sector needs to expand and accommodate. Serdang Bedagai Regency is the potential area to develop sheep. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of the resource area, and capacity to accommodate sheep as well as alternative strategies that can be used in the development of sheep. This research was conducted from February until April 2023 using the Stratified Sampling Method and Purposive Sampling Method. The sample area consists of the largest sheep population, such as Pantai Cermin and Pegajahan District, a moderate population in Serbajadi sub-district, and a low population, such as Sei Rampah and Kotarih sub-districts. The data had been collected by interviews with respondents. Descriptive analysis is used to examine the data. Location quotient, livestock density, feed concentration index, carrying capacity of plantation and agricultural waste, ability to expand ruminant livestock, and SWOT analysis were the parameters. Serdang Bedagai Regency exhibited potential for sheep expansion, according to the findings. Eight areas are sheeps development basis. The carrying capacity of sheep in Serdang Bedagai Regency is 413,342.15 AU. The right strategy and a priorityis the SO strategy.
Milk Production of Dairy Cow Fed Diet with Concentrate Containing Fermented Arenga pinnata By-product
Authors: Sulistyowati E , Wiryawan I K G , Badarina I , Naibaho S H , Apreza  , Pratama W A , Cahyadi C , Waspodo R J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diet containing fermented Arenga pinnata by-product on milk yield, dry matter intake, organic matter, and feed efficiency of lactating dairy cow. This research was conducted using Latin Square design 4 x 4, 4 treatments in 4 periods. The treatments were FA-0: basic diet (65% forage +19% tofu by-product) with 16% concentrate with no fermented Arenga; FA-10: basic diet with concentrate containing 10% fermented Arenga; FA-15: basic diet with concentrate containing 15% fermented Arenga; FA-20: basic diet with concentrate containing 20% fermented Arenga. Pretreatment time was 10 days to get the four cows adjusted for the experiment. Then followed by 10 day-4 periods of applying diet with this concentrate. Dairy cow identification averages were body weight (445 kg), body condition score or BCS (2.63), lactation period (2), and lactation phage (middle). Results showed that diet containing concentrate with fermented Arenga pinnata contained dry matter and organic matter were decreased with increasing level of fermented Arenga. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) found in milk yield, dry matter intake, organic matter intake, and feed efficiency. In conclusion, based on averages of dry matter intake, organic matter intake, and feed efficiency among diet containing fermented Arenga pinnata, the 10% level was considered a reasonable diet to be implemented for dairy cow.
Analysis Of Factors Affecting Swine Farmers’ Income During African Swine Fever (ASF) In North Sumatera
Authors: Tafsin M , Raldos D 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the year 2019, a significant outbreak of pig mortalities caused by African Swine Fever (ASF) transpired inside the North Sumatra province This study aims to determine differences in the income of pig farmers before and during the ASF pandemic in North Sumatra, to analyze the factors that affect the income of pig farmers in North Sumatra, and to analyze the factors that affect the productivity of pig farmers in North Sumatra. This research was carried out in Deli Serdang, Humbang Hansudutan, and Dairi Regencies in March-July 2023 with a total of 96 respondents. Data analysis used is using multiple linear analysis. The results showed that the income of pig farmers in North Sumatra before the African Swine Fever (ASF) outbreak was higher, namely IDR 135,351,041.67 compared to the income of pig farmers during the ASF outbreak, which was IDR 98,484,895.83. The results of multiple regression analysis show that harvest weight, labor costs, feed cost, and sources of income have a significant effect on the income of pig farmers in North Sumatra.
Design of 3-Level T-type NPC Inverter for EV Applications
Authors: Balamurugan M , Arjun Kumar G B , Kumar Sujit , Sridhar G 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant demand for lightweight converters that provide exceptional control performance while generating minimal acoustic noise. This has resulted in higher switching signals for hard- switched 2-level low voltage 3-phase inverters. However, the increased switching frequencies have a negative impact on the inverters’ efficiency, requiring the use of expensive switch technology to maintain high efficiency. This paper aims to tackle these challenges by introducing the design and implementation of a extremely effective 3-Level T-Type Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) inverter designed for Electric Vehicle (EV) applications. 3-Level T-Type NPC inverter associates the strengths of both NPC and T-Type inverters. Similar towards the NPC, it offers a lower breakdown voltage for the switching devices, thereby reducing switching losses. Additionally, it shares the characteristics of the T-Type inverter, resulting in fewer conduction losses. To validate the feasibility of the converter, simulation is performed using MATLAB software, followed by the development and testing of a lab-scale prototype. The proposed three-level T-type NPC inverter have several merits over traditional 2-level inverters, including reduced distortion, switching losses, and improved efficiency. These benefits contribute to enhanced motor drive performance, reduced electromagnetic interference (EMI), and extended battery life in EVs.
A Review on Deep Learning based Algorithms for Video Super Resolution
Authors: Arasa Deekshitha , Sivaramakrishnan S , Sharma Sneha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A HR (High Resolution) video frame may be created from a set of LR (Low Resolution) video frames using a process called Video Super Resolution (VSR). Deep Learning (DL) techniques have surpassed conventional techniques in terms of efficiency. To achieve video super-resolution, the inter-frame information must be extracted. The numerous categories for possible deep learning techniques include methods with alignment and methods without alignment, for example. Details about the different approaches’ architecture designs and implementation are provided in this review paper. Lastly, a comparison and summary are given for the various methods based on some standard datasets is provided.
Advanced Compensation Methods for Isolated Unsymmetrical Three-Phase Multiple Microgrids Employing Energy Storage System (ESS)
Authors: Hemakesavulu O , Padma lalitha M , Haritha C 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The integration of unbalanced loads into three-phase microgrids (MGs) will be the emphasis of this study. The power quality difficulties that arise when the point of common coupling (PCC) is reached, will be the primary concern of this investigation. A few of these issues include unbalanced power flow, voltage, and the sharing of reactive power in an unbalanced manner. An energy storage system (ESS) that makes use of innovative control algorithms is used to correct the imbalances that occur in island multi-microgrids (MMGs). The reactive power generated by the MMG is balanced by the ESS’s two types of control approaches, modified reverse droop control and multifunction control. The active and reactive power references needed by the ESS are likewise produced by these control methods. The proposed control algorithms ensure that PV inverters of varying ratings have optimal load power distribution, hence minimizing power imbalances and PCC voltage in the MMG. The MATLAB/SIMULINK application may be used to do an analysis on the outcomes of the simulation.
Design of H5 Transformerless Inverter for Photovoltaic System
Authors: Daivagna Amrutha N , Kumar Sujit , Balamurugan M , Mayur Mukul , Tiwari Abhishek Kumar , Kumar Akhilesh , Bharti Aniket 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
There are two distinct categories of sources for generating electrical power: conventional and non-conventional. At now, traditional sources such as coal, gas, and nuclear power are widely employed for the purpose of electricity generation; nevertheless, they are associated with detrimental environmental consequences. Therefore, it is crucial to utilize renewable energy sources like sun and wind to provide some of the necessary electrical power. The driving force behind this transition is the imperative for clean energy, the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, and the capacity to create electricity in geographically isolated regions. A proposed solution for using solar energy in single-phase AC applications involves the implementation of an H5 converter topology. The proposed architecture employs twin input DC-DC boost converters, which incorporate solar panels and batteries, to manage the desired output DC voltage. The H5 topology has notable suitability for single-phase transformerless inverters in AC applications encompassing low and high-power demands, owing to its capacity to effectively mitigate leakage current. In order to evaluate the viability of the suggested methodology, a MATLAB simulation is performed to simulate the complete procedure. Furthermore, the development of a prototype is underway in order to assess and verify the performance and outcomes of the converter. The simulation will be conducted with either the MATLAB.
Numerical modelling of high-power laser spot melting of thin stainless steel
Authors: Bunaziv I , Danielsen M H , Eriksson M , Ma X , Ren X , Godinez Brizuela O E , Skjetne P 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Numerical modelling is an important scientific tool in laser materials processing to study different melting, evaporation, and solidification phenomena. It can assist in understanding why certain defects are formed, and thus may provide solution paths for how to decrease certain defects and to increase the quality of a product. Laser spot melting in heat conduction mode represents a simple case and is an excellent first step to build and test solvers prior to moving on to more complicated cases such as laser keyhole welding of thick plates. Modelling of laser spot melting requires only a limited computational domain and allows more complex physics to be added gradually. In this work, a thin 3.0 mm thick stainless steel plate was melted with high-power fiber laser and numerically simulated using a native and custom-build solver based on the VOF method within OpenFOAM. The process was captured with a high-speed imaging camera and simulation results are compared with the experimental results. It was found that temperature-dependent surface tension plays a vital role in controlling melt flow directions within melt pool.
Laser surface texturing for superhydrophobic, icephobic and friction reduction functionalization
Authors: Ancona Antonio , Gaudiuso Caterina , Volpe Annalisa , Mezzapesa Francesco Paolo , Putignano Carmine , Carbone Giuseppe 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Nanometre and/or micrometer scale periodic features naturally present decorating the skin of many insects, fishes or plants have been found to give them extraordinary aesthetic, adhesion, antifouling, wear resistance, superhydrophobic or drag reduction properties. With the aim of artificially conveying the same properties to products and tools, researchers have tried to reproduce such bionic topography on the surface of a huge variety of materials using different manufacturing methods. Among the different manufacturing technologies, surface texturing based on direct laser writing using ultrashort pulses offers great flexibility in terms of geometry and size of the feature to be created. This work will focus on two specific types of functionalization of metallic as well as rubber surfaces through laser surface texturing, i.e., icephobicity and friction reduction. In the first case, different texture patterns were laser written on sheet samples of Aluminum Alloy of interest for aerospace applications. Their wettability and anti-icing properties were investigated through water contact angle experiments in different environmental conditions and steam-freezing experiments were conducted in a climate chamber. The role of the laser textured pattern geometry on the frictional performances of a rubber surface under lubricated non-conformal as well as conformal point contact has been also widely investigated. In the first case, no improvements were obtained in terms of frictional performances, ascribable to the reduced number of dimples involved in the contact area. Conversely, remarkable friction reduction was achieved in mixed and in the transition between the mixed and the elasto-hydrodinamic lubrication regime, thanks to the concurrence of several effects as micro-cavitation, wear debris trapping, and lubricant entrapping within the texture.
A facility-level self-assessment of Autonomous Pharmacy Framework levels
Authors: Goldsmith Nicholas , Sullivan Mark , Cole Sabrina W , Mathen Gee , Polis Nikki , Sisodiya Deepak , Tanner Trish , Wagner Jeff , Flynn Allen J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The objective of this study was to understand at what level of the Autonomous Pharmacy Framework facilities are operating, in terms of the current state of data collection and analysis in the medication-use process, and to gather insights about systems integration and automation use.

Methods
The Autonomous Pharmacy Advisory Board, a group of chief pharmacy officers and operational leaders, developed a self-assessment instrument based on the previously published Autonomous Pharmacy Framework, made the self-assessment instrument available via the internet, and reviewed respondents’ self-reported results. The data collection period for the survey started in March of 2021 and ended in January of 2023.

Results
A total of 119 facility-level self-assessments were completed and analyzed. On a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 represented little or no data-driven automation with lots of manual tasks and 5 represented the utmost data-driven automation with few manual tasks, the average overall facility-level score was 2.77 (range, 1.38-4.41). Results revealed slight variance by facility bed capacity. Much more variation was found in the degrees to which individual facilities have automated core processes like inventory management, intravenous medication preparation, and financial reporting.

Conclusion
As a baseline, this automation-focused facility self-assessment suggests that for essentially all health-system pharmacy facilities and their larger organizations, a substantial body of work needs to be done to further develop and upgrade technology and practice in tandem, greatly expand data collection and analysis, and thereby achieve better operational, financial, and clinical outcomes. Significant advancements are needed to arrive at the highly reliable, highly automated, data-driven medication-use process involving few repetitive manual tasks envisioned in the Autonomous Pharmacy Framework.
Experiences of Latinx sexual and gender minorities with access to healthcare during COVID-19 stay-at-home orders
Authors: Rodriguez-Diaz Carlos E , Seager Loxley , Navalta Cassandra , Lapointe Lauren , Laino Alanna , Wilhite Daniel , Melin Kyle , Varga Leah , Zea Maria Cecilia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected all social systems, but healthcare services were particularly disrupted. The pandemic also had a disproportionate impact on populations made socially vulnerable. In this study, we documented the experiences of Latinx sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals with access to care during COVID-19 stay-at-home orders.

Methods
Semistructured qualitative interviews assessing experiences during the stay-at-home orders in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and patients’ experiences accessing healthcare during this period were conducted with 21 Latinx SGM individuals from the Washington, DC, area. Data were analyzed using rapid qualitative analysis (RQA), and salient themes were identified.

Results
The RQA revealed 3 themes reflecting participants’ experiences with pharmaceutical care during COVID-19 stay-at-home orders: (1) challenges in accessing HIV services; (2) community engagement; and (3) providers supporting access to care. Participants experienced problems with adherence to medication, transportation, and technology, as well as delays in care and miscommunication with providers. Latinx SGM individuals demonstrated engagement in response to this emergency as a community and valued their providers and their efforts to facilitate access to care.

Conclusion
The COVID-19 pandemic strained healthcare services. Findings from this study show that the impact of the pandemic on the provision of care increased the vulnerability of Latinx SGM people. Future research should explore the impact of public health emergencies on the health of populations historically made socially vulnerable, and innovative solutions should be identified to eliminate these barriers to health equity.
Role of glycogen synthase kinase-3β in dependence and abuse liability of alcohol
Authors: Oka Masahiro , Yoshino Rui , Kitanaka Nobue , Hall F Scott , Uhl George R , Kitanaka Junichi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Alcohol is a major abused drug worldwide that contributes substantially to health and social problems. These problems result from acute alcohol overuse as well as chronic use, leading to alcohol use disorder (AUD). A major goal of this field is to establish a treatment for alcohol abuse and dependence in patients with AUD. The central molecular mechanisms of acute alcohol actions have been extensively investigated in rodent models.

Aims
One of the central mechanisms that may be involved is glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) activity, a key enzyme involved in glycogen metabolism but which has crucial roles in numerous cellular processes. Although the exact mechanisms leading from acute alcohol actions to these chronic changes in GSK-3β function are not yet clear, GSK-3β nonetheless constitutes a potential therapeutic target for AUD by reducing its function using GSK-3β inhibitors. This review is focused on the correlation between GSK-3β activity and the degree of alcohol consumption.

Methods
Research articles regarding investigation of effect of GSK-3β on alcohol consumption in rodents were searched on PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases using keywords “glycogen synthase kinase,” “alcohol (or ethanol),” “intake (or consumption),” and evaluated by changes in ratios of pGSK-3βSer9/pGSK-3β.

Results
In animal experiments, GSK-3β activity decreases in the brain under forced and voluntary alcohol consumption while GSK-3β activity increases under alcohol-seeking behavior.

Conclusions
Several pieces of evidence suggest that alterations in GSK-3β function are important mediators of chronic ethanol actions, including those related to alcohol dependence and the adverse effects of chronic ethanol exposure.
Genomics in Clinical trials for Breast Cancer
Authors: Enoma David 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Breast cancer (B.C.) still has increasing incidences and mortality rates globally. It is known that B.C. and other cancers have a very high rate of genetic heterogeneity and genomic mutations. Traditional oncology approaches have not been able to provide a lasting solution. Targeted therapeutics have been instrumental in handling the complexity and resistance associated with B.C. However, the progress of genomic technology has transformed our understanding of the genetic landscape of breast cancer, opening new avenues for improved anti-cancer therapeutics. Genomics is critical in developing tailored therapeutics and identifying patients most benefit from these treatments. The next generation of breast cancer clinical trials has incorporated next-generation sequencing technologies into the process, and we have seen benefits. These innovations have led to the approval of better-targeted therapies for patients with breast cancer. Genomics has a role to play in clinical trials, including genomic tests that have been approved, patient selection and prediction of therapeutic response. Multiple clinical trials in breast cancer have been done and are still ongoing, which have applied genomics technology. Precision medicine can be achieved in breast cancer therapy with increased efforts and advanced genomic studies in this domain. Genomics studies assist with patient outcomes improvement and oncology advancement by providing a deeper understanding of the biology behind breast cancer. This article will examine the present state of genomics in breast cancer clinical trials.