bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consommation de substances psychoactives chez les élèves de 15-25 ans à Gao
Authors: Traoré Adama A , Coulibaly Souleymane dit Papa , Maïga Alassane Mahamar , Sagara Issaka 
Published: February 2025

Les jeunes constituent un groupe particulièrement vulnérable à l’usage de substances psychoactives. Il n’existe aucun rapport sur les facteurs associés à la consommation de substances psychoactives dans cette population spécifique au Mali. L’objectif de cette étude était de déterminer la prévalence de la consommation de substances psychoactives légales ou illégales et d’identifier ses facteurs associés chez les jeunes scolaires de Gao au Mali. Nous avons émis l’hypothèse que des conditions familiales et scolaires défavorables et la présence d’amis consommateurs de drogues étaient associées à la consommation de substances chez les jeunes scolaires de Gao. Nous avons utilisé des données secondaires issues d’une enquête transversale menée entre octobre et décembre 2022 auprès de 365 élèves de cinq écoles secondaires sélectionnés par un échantillonnage aléatoire à deux degrés. L’analyse a porté sur les enregistrements des élèves âgés de 15 à 25 ans. Des analyses uni et multivariées ont été effectuées à l’aide d’un modèle de régression logistique. Nous avons retenu 336 enregistrements répondant aux critères d’inclusion, dont 58,6 % de garçons. L’âge moyen était de 19,1 ans avec un écart type de 2,3 ans. La prévalence de la consommation de substances psychoactives au cours de la vie était de 47 %. La cigarette était la substance la plus consommée (22,3 %), suivi de la chicha (19,1 %) et de l’alcool (17,9 %). Les facteurs associés à la consommation de substances psychoactives étaient le sexe masculin (ORa=2,2 ; IC95 %=1,3-3,8), la présence d’amis consommateurs de drogues (ORa=3,9 ; IC95 %=1,7-8,8) et l’absentéisme scolaire (ORa=2,9 ; IC95 %=1,4-5,9). Les résultats ont en partie soutenu nos hypothèses et suggèrent la nécessité d’effectuer des recherches à l’échelle nationale en employant des schémas d’études longitudinales.
« J’ai compris la détresse que ça amenait » : le témoignage comme amorce à l’empathie envers les joueuses et joueurs
Authors: Morvannou Adèle 
Published: February 2025

La formation des professionnels revêt une importance cruciale pour offrir des services empreints d’empathie aux personnes stigmatisées, telles que celles vivant des problèmes de jeux de hasard et d’argent (JHA). Parmi les stratégies pédagogiques existantes, le témoignage est une pratique pertinente et courante. Toutefois, la manière dont les étudiants perçoivent les témoignages des personnes ayant des problèmes de JHA reste peu documentée. L’objectif est de documenter l’empathie des étudiants exposés au témoignage d’une personne qui a vécu des problèmes de JHA, selon leurs perceptions. Des entrevues qualitatives semi-structurées auprès de huit étudiants ayant suivi un cours qui comprend un ensemble d’activités pédagogiques visant à développer l’empathie chez les étudiants ont été réalisées. Quatre thèmes majeurs ont émergé : les conditions propices à l’empathie, la résonance émotionnelle avec la personne qui a témoigné, une nouvelle compréhension de son vécu, ainsi que l’influence du témoignage sur la pratique professionnelle. Cette étude encourage l’intégration des témoignages dans la formation des professionnels, en tenant compte du profil expérientiel des étudiants et avec un ensemble d’activités pédagogiques présentant l’information de manière visuelle et auditive.
Représentation de joueurs de poker dans les médias de masse au Québec
Authors: Robert Berger Evelyne , Cantinotti Michael 
Published: February 2025

La population du Québec est exposée à une grande diversité d’informations présentées par les médias de masse. Les messages véhiculés à propos des jeux de hasard et d’argent (JHA), et plus spécifiquement l’exposition à ces messages, contribuent aux changements sur les attitudes, croyances et comportements des individus concernant ce sujet. Les joueurs de poker percevant leur jeu de prédilection comme étant distinct des autres JHA de par l’aspect stratégique qu’ils y décèlent, il semble pertinent de s’intéresser à la présentation que les médias font de ces derniers. Une meilleure connaissance du discours médiatique diffusé dans les médias en ce qui les concerne permettrait d’acquérir une meilleure compréhension d’un des éléments macrosociaux susceptibles d’influencer la construction identitaire des joueurs de poker. Ce projet vise à analyser le discours médiatique portant sur les joueurs de poker. Une stratégie de recherche documentaire dans la banque Eureka a permis de retracer 566 contenus médiatiques provenant de médias canadiens francophones locaux, régionaux, provinciaux et nationaux. Après le retrait des doublons (n = 116) et de références ne faisant pas mention de caractéristiques des joueurs de poker, 369 contenus médiatiques ont été retenus pour l’analyse thématique. Celle-ci a permis de révéler cinq principaux thèmes : la promotion de la réussite, les caractéristiques des joueurs de poker, les compétences de ces derniers, la prise de risques et les conséquences du poker. Cette connaissance des contenus médiatiques sur les joueurs de poker permettra de mieux cibler les messages préventifs à leur égard.
Ecosystemic Approaches to Extractive Business and Human Rights Issues*
Authors: Roy Grégoire Étienne , Anzueto Marc-André , Campbell Bonnie , Séguin Mélisande , Tapias Torrado Nancy R 
Published: February 2025

The article by Étienne Roy Grégoire, Marc-André Anzueto, Bonnie Campbell, Mélisande Séguin and Nancy R Tapias Torrado uses the concept of an ‘extractive normative ecosystem’ to account for the interactions between the various norms, discourses and policies governing the relationship between extractive industries and local communities. It argues that the exploitation of natural resources significantly alters social relations and exacerbates the risks of human rights violations, particularly in the context of globalisation. The article critiques traditional approaches to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Business and Human Rights (BHR), and highlights the need for an ecosystem approach to understand the complex relationships between different regulatory regimes, including state laws, indigenous legal systems and international law. The text is divided into four sections: the theoretical implications of the ecosystem paradigm, recent legal developments in business and human rights due diligence legislation in Europe and Canada, the potential of applying an ecosystemic approach to the extractive sector, and a conclusion highlighting the challenges faced by communities affected by extractivism.
Exploring students’ study time, sleep duration, and perceptions of course difficulty on final examination results: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Niu , He Xiaohua 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Objective
To evaluate the possible association between student final exam scores and student-reported measures of study time, sleep duration, perception of course difficulty, and grade satisfaction.

Methods
A 4-item questionnaire was administered to 354 3rd-quarter students during finals week. Students were asked to report their study time, sleep duration the night prior to the exam, and perception of course difficulty as well as grade satisfaction using a 5-point Likert scale response prior to taking the exam. The relationship between exam scores from the immunology and endocrinology courses and those 4 items were analyzed.

Results
We found the grade satisfaction and total scores before the final exam and sleep duration had a positive relationship with final exam scores (immunology: r = .29, r = .56, and r = .22, p &lt; .01; endocrinology: r = .41, r = .42, and r = .26, p &lt; .01). In contrast, a negative relationship between the perceptions of course difficulty and the final exam score was found (immunology: p &lt; .01, r = −.15; endocrinology: p &lt; .01, r = −.32). Surprisingly, study time did have a significant correlation with final exam scores (p &gt; .05).

Conclusion
Adequate sleep the night prior to an examination was positively associated with the exam scores. Study time for the final exam did not correlate with final exam scores. There may be a need for schools to consider the potential impact student sleep habits have on academic performance and to distribute this information to students.
Quality of life in chiropractic students pre- and post-COVID-19 lockdowns utilizing the Short-Form Health Survey-36
Authors: Cade Alice E. , Niazi Imran Khan , Whittaker Elly , Midanik Reid , Stevens Kirk 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Objective
To compare previously recorded quality of life scores of students at the New Zealand College of Chiropractic using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) to those after New Zealand (NZ) COVID lockdowns.

Methods
Previously recorded students’ SF-36 questionnaires were collected before (2019) and after (2022) the lockdowns. Student populations were independent at each time point (pre- and post-lockdown) and were compared between 2019 and 2022 using unpaired Wilcoxon tests and to similarly aged and NZ normative data.

Results
Two hundred seventy-six pre-COVID (51.1% female) and 120 post-COVID (60.8% female) data sets were returned. All pre-COVID years and scores were significantly higher or comparable with reference data (p ≤ .050). Post-COVID scores dropped below pre-COVID and reference data—with the largest drops seen in emotional wellbeing, emotional role limitations, social, and fatigue domains (p &lt; .05 - p &lt; .001). Only post-COVID physical functioning was comparable with pre-COVID or reference data (p &gt; .050).

Conclusion
This study suggests that before COVID New Zealand College of Chiropractic perceived their quality of life as the same or better than the average New Zealander or similarly aged person. After COVID, most quality of life scores dropped substantially with emotional, social, and fatigue-related domains showing the greatest decline.
Age, Sex, and Anatomical Location Patterns in Cutaneous Pyogenic Granuloma Cases
Authors: Dube Umber , Corliss Meagan , Bowling Kevin M. , Heusel Jonathan W. , Coughlin Carrie C. 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceCutaneous pyogenic granulomas (PGs) are commonly encountered, benign, vascular tumors, in which epidemiologic factors have been variably reported, in part, due to sample size limitations and a focus on either adult or pediatric patients.ObjectiveTo assemble a large dataset of pathologically diagnosed PGs across the continuum of age and investigate patterns of PGs by demographic factors, including age, sex, and anatomical location.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective case series included case reports of patients with pathologically confirmed PGs of cutaneous origin reported between April 1, 2010, to March 31, 2020. The pathology database at a large tertiary academic center in the Midwestern US was queried for case reports that included the term pyogenic granuloma or lobular capillary hemangioma. Individuals were included in the analytic sample if they had a pathologically confirmed diagnosis of a PG. PG cases were excluded if they included PG only as a part of the pathological differential diagnoses; were recurrent; or were of noncutaneous origin. These data were analyzed between March 2022 and March 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcomes were sex biases in frequency overall, by anatomical region, and by left-right laterality using exact binomial tests. Additional outcomes included differences in age-by-sex distribution overall and by anatomical region using Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests.ResultsOf 1009 unique pathologically confirmed PG records from 987 individuals, 376 individuals (38.1%) were younger than 18 years, of whom 122 (32.4%) were female. A total of 611 individuals were 18 years and older, of whom 364 (59.6%) were female. Overall, PGs between male and female individuals were equally distributed for all anatomical locations except lower extremities, in which females were more frequently affected. The distribution of PGs by age was significantly different between male and female individuals, with this difference primarily associated with the head/neck and trunk but not with upper extremity or lower extremity anatomical locations. Neither left-right laterality bias among upper extremity PGs nor anterior-posterior bias among truncal PGs was observed.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this retrospective case series, an age-by-sex interaction was found in the incidence of PGs, with PGs on the head/neck and trunk being more common in males younger than 20 years and in females 20 to 50 years of age. These findings suggest that trauma may not be a major etiologic factor for PGs. Future studies are necessary to confirm this and to understand the causes of the age-by-sex interaction.
Peritraumatic Context and Long-Term Outcomes of Concussion
Authors: Van Etten Emily J. , Knight Arielle R. , Colaizzi Tristan A. , Carbaugh Jack , Kenna Alexandra , Fortier Catherine B. , Milberg William P. 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceThere has been a great deal of interest in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and their association with one another, yet their interaction and subsequent associations with long-term outcomes remain poorly understood.ObjectiveTo compare the long-term outcomes of mTBI that occurred in the context of psychological trauma (peritraumatic context) with mTBI that did not (nonperitraumatic context).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study of post-9/11 US veterans used data from the Translational Research Center for Traumatic Brain Injury and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) study at the Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, which began in 2009; the current study utilized data from baseline TRACTS visits conducted between 2009 and 2024. Data analysis occurred from January to October 2024.ExposuresPeritraumatic mTBI, nonperitraumatic mTBI, or no TBI.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes were PTSD severity (measured by the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale–4th edition), postconcussive symptoms (measured by the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory), and self-reported disability status (measured by the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II). Differences between groups were compared using analyses of covariance with least significant difference comparisons.ResultsThis sample of 567 post-9/11 veterans (mean [SD] age, 33.72 [9.29] years; 507 men [89.4%]; mean [SD] years of education, 14.19 [2.16]) included 183 individuals with no TBI, 189 individuals with nonperitraumatic mTBI, and 195 individuals with peritraumatic mTBI. Veterans with a history of peritraumatic mTBI had greater PTSD severity (F2,552 = 8.45; P &amp;lt; .001), postconcussive symptoms (F2,533 = 11.09; P &amp;lt; .001), and disability (F2,527 = 11.13; P &amp;lt; .001) than the nonperitraumatic mTBI and no TBI groups. Importantly, no significant differences in any outcome measure between nonperitraumatic mTBI and no TBI groups were observed.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study found that mTBI was only associated with long-term consequences when it co-occurred with a traumatic event exposure. This finding raises a novel hypothesis of the association of mTBI with PTSD, in which the acute biological and physiological outcomes of mTBI may be associated with temporarily scaffolding the formation of PTSD symptoms, which could enhance the production of long-term postconcussive symptoms and disability.
Facility Medicaid Payer Burden and Nonelective Admission for Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia
Authors: Medvedovsky Steven , Sharath Sherene E. , Kougias Panos 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceChronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) is a major public health issue that requires considerable human and physical resources to provide optimal patient care. It is essential to characterize the disease severity and resource needs of patients with CLTI presenting to facilities of varying resource capacities.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between facility-level Medicaid payer proportions and the incidence of nonelective admissions among patients admitted for CLTI.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this retrospective multicenter cohort study, 876 026 CLTI-related inpatient admissions at 8769 US facilities from January 1, 1998, through October 31, 2020, were identified in the National Inpatient Sample. Facilities were ranked into quintiles according to increasing Medicaid burden, defined as the annualized proportion of Medicaid patient discharges for all hospitalizations. Inpatient admissions for CLTI were identified using International Classification of Diseases codes for rest pain, foot ulcers, and gangrene. Patients younger than 18 years or older than 100 years were excluded, as were those with missing admission type. Statistical analysis was conducted from January to August 2024.ExposureFacility-level Medicaid burden quintiles.Main Outcomes and MeasuresEmergency and urgent admissions defined as nonelective admissions.ResultsThe study included 876 026 CLTI-related admissions (mean [SD] patient age, 68.6 [14.5] years; 54.3% men). Increasing nonelective admission rates were associated with increasing facility Medicaid burden (low Medicaid burden, 59.7%; low-moderate Medicaid burden, 62.2%; moderate Medicaid burden, 63.6%; moderate-high Medicaid burden, 63.6%; and high Medicaid burden, 66.8%; P &amp;lt; .001). This trend persisted across all CLTI-related diagnoses (patients with rest pain: low Medicaid burden, 29.8%; high Medicaid burden, 36.1%; patients with lower-limb ulceration: low Medicaid burden, 63.5%; high Medicaid burden, 71.5%; and patients with gangrene: low Medicaid burden, 61.2%; high Medicaid burden, 67.4%; P &amp;lt; .001). In the adjusted model, odds of nonelective admission for CLTI indications increased progressively among facilities as Medicaid burden increased from low to high (adjusted odds ratio for low-moderate Medicaid burden, 1.05 [95% CI, 1.00-1.11]; P = .06; adjusted odds ratio for high Medicaid burden, 1.44 [95% CI, 1.36-1.52]; P &amp;lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceHigh Medicaid burden facilities were associated with increased nonelective admissions for CLTI. This highlights an important mismatch: that resource-constrained facilities are at greater odds of seeing more resource-intensive admissions. Facility-level patient cohort characteristics should be considered when planning for resource allocation to achieve equitable patient care.
Evaluation of AI‐based auto‐contouring tools in radiotherapy: A single‐institution study
Authors: Wang Tingyu , Tam James , Chum Thomas , Tai Cyril , Marshall Deborah C. , Buckstein Michael , Liu Jerry , Green Sheryl , Stewart Robert D. , Liu Tian , Chao Ming 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundAccurate delineation of organs at risk (OARs) is crucial yet time‐consuming in the radiotherapy treatment planning workflow. Modern artificial intelligence (AI) technologies had made automation of OAR contouring feasible. This report details a single institution's experience in evaluating two commercial auto‐contouring software tools and making well‐informed decisions about their clinical adoption.MethodsA cohort of 36 patients previously treated at our institution were selected for the software performance assessment. Fifty‐eight OAR structures from seven disease sites were automatically segmented with each tool. Five radiation oncologists with different specialties qualitatively scored the automatic OAR contours’ clinical usability by a 4‐level scale (0–3), termed as quality score (QS), representing from “0: not usable” to “3: directly usable for a clinic.” Additionally, quantitative comparison with clinically approved contours using Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and the 95% Hausdorff distance (HD95) was performed in complement to QS from physicians.ResultSoftware A achieved an average QS of 2.17 ± 0.69, comparable to Software B's average QS of 2.17 ± 0.72. Software B performed better with more OARs (42 vs. 37) that required minor or no modification than Software A. Major modifications were needed for 13 out of 58 automated contours from both tools. Both DSC and HD95 scores for the two tools were comparable to each other, with DSC: 0.67 ± 0.23 versus 0.66 ± 0.21 and HD95: 13.07 ± 15.84 versus 15.55 ± 18.45 for Software A and Software B, respectively. Correlation coefficients between the physician score and the quantitative metrics suggested that the contouring results from Software A aligned more closely with the physician's evaluations.ConclusionBased on our study, either software tool could produce clinically acceptable contours for about 65% of the OAR structures. However, further refinement is necessary for several challenging OARs to improve model performance.
Manipulating d‐band Center by Interface‐Induced Dislocation in Pt@PtCu Nanowires Boosting Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Luo Juan , Zhang Shaohui , Liu Feng , Cui Hao , Liu Xuanzhi , Liao Hanxiao , Gu Yuke , Liu Meihuan , Tan Pengfei , Pan Jun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEngineering the electronic configuration and intermediates adsorption behaviors of Platinum‐based catalysts is crucial for improving oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics at the cathode in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), yet it remains an enormous challenge. Herein, an interface‐induced dislocation tactic through Pt/PtCu heterogeneous formation in Pt@PtCu nanowires composites (Pt@PtCu NWs) for efficient ORR is reported. Theoretical studies have proven that dislocation driven by a hybrid interface could alter electron redistribution and downshift the d‐band of Pt, thus facilitating the desorption of oxygen‐containing species and achieving outstanding ORR performance. Specifically, the as‐prepared Pt@PtCu NWs deliver exceptional ORR properties with a half‐wave of 0.940 V. Moreover, the mass activity (MA) of Pt@PtCu NWs reaches 1.17 A mgPt−1 at 0.9 V, which is 4.18 and 10.64 times higher than that of Pt NWs (0.27 A mgPt−1) and commercial Pt/C (0.11 A mgPt−1). Most importantly, Pt@PtCu NWs also prove remarkable structural stability with only a 14.5% decrease in MA compared to a 58.9% decrease for Pt/C after the durability test. Overall, this strategy of d‐band center tuning induced by hybrid‐interface‐driven dislocation provides a promising avenue for designing high‐efficiency electrocatalysts.
Double‐Dynamic‐Bond Cross‐Linked Hydrogel Adhesive with Cohesion‐Adhesion Enhancement for Emergency Tissue Closure and Infected Wound Healing
Authors: Yan Ming , Hu Shi‐Yu , Tan Hao‐Jie , Dai Rui , Wang Haibo , Peng Xu , Wang Zhi‐Guo , Xu Jia‐Zhuang , Li Zhong‐Ming 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe hydrogel adhesives with strong tissue adhesion and biological characteristics adhm202404447are urgently needed for injury sealing and tissue repair. However, the negative correlation between tissue adhesion and the mechanical strength poses a challenge for their practical application. Herein, a bio‐inspired cohesive enhancement strategy is developed to prepare the hydrogel adhesive with simultaneously enhanced mechanical strength and tissue adhesion. The double cross‐linked network is achieved through the cooperation between polyacrylic acid grafted with N‐hydroxy succinimide crosslinked by tannic acid and cohesion‐enhanced ion crosslinking of sodium alginate and Ca2+. Such a unique structure endows the resultant hydrogel adhesive with excellent tissue adhesion strength and mechanical strength. The hydrogel adhesive is capable of sealing various organs in vitro, and exhibits satisfactory on‐demand removability, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. As a proof of concept, the hydrogel adhesive not only effectively halts non‐compressible hemorrhages of beating heart and femoral artery injury models in rats, but also accelerates the healing of infected wound by inhibiting bacteria and reducing inflammation. Overall, this advanced hydrogel adhesive is promising as an emergency rescue adhesive that enables robust tissue closure, timely controlling bleeding, and promoting damaged tissue healing.