bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Like One Long Battle:” Employee Perspectives of the Simultaneous Impact of COVID-19 and an Electronic Health Record Transition
Authors: Rucci Justin M. , Ball Sherry , Brunner Julian , Moldestad Megan , Cutrona Sarah L. , Sayre George , Rinne Seppo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Healthcare organizations regularly manage external stressors that threaten patient care, but experiences handling concurrent stressors are not well characterized.

Objective
To evaluate the experience of Veterans Affairs (VA) clinicians and staff navigating simultaneous organizational stressors—an electronic health record (EHR) transition and the COVID-19 pandemic—and identify potential strategies to optimize management of co-occurring stressors.

Design
Qualitative case study describing employee experiences at VA’s initial EHR transition site.

Participants
Clinicians, nurses, allied health professionals, and local leaders at VA’s initial EHR transition site.

Approach
We collected longitudinal qualitative interview data between July 2020 and November 2021 once before and 2–4 times after the date on which the health system transitioned; this timing corresponded with local surges of COVID-19 cases. Interviewers conducted coding and analysis of interview transcripts. For this study, we focused on quotes related to COVID-19 and performed content analysis to describe recurring themes describing the simultaneous impact of COVID-19 and an EHR transition.

Key Results
We identified five themes related to participants’ experiences: (1) efforts to mitigate COVID-19 transmission led to insufficient access to EHR training and support, (2) clinical practice changes in response to the pandemic impacted EHR workflows in unexpected ways, (3) lack of clear communication and inconsistent enforcement of COVID-19 policies intensified pre-existing frustrations with the EHR, (4) managing concurrent organizational stressors increased work dissatisfaction and feelings of burnout, and (5) participants had limited bandwidth to manage competing demands that arose from concurrent organizational stressors.

Conclusion
The expected challenges of an EHR transition were compounded by co-occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic, which had negative impacts on clinician experience and patient care. During simultaneous organizational stressors, health care facilities should be prepared to address the complex interplay of two stressors on employee experience.
Assessing Electronic Health Record (EHR) Use during a Major EHR Transition: An Innovative Mixed Methods Approach
Authors: Molloy-Paolillo Brianne , Mohr David , Levy Deborah R. , Cutrona Sarah L. , Anderson Ekaterina , Rucci Justin , Helfrich Christian , Sayre George , Rinne Seppo T. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Electronic health record (EHR) transitions are inherently disruptive to healthcare workers who must rapidly learn a new EHR and adapt to altered clinical workflows. Healthcare workers’ perceptions of EHR usability and their EHR use patterns following transitions are poorly understood. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is currently replacing its homegrown EHR with a commercial Cerner EHR, presenting a unique opportunity to examine EHR use trends and usability perceptions.

Objective
To assess EHR usability and uptake up to 1-year post-transition at the first VA EHR transition site using a novel longitudinal, mixed methods approach.

Design
A concurrent mixed methods strategy using EHR use metrics and qualitative interview data.

Participants
141 clinicians with data from select EHR use metrics in Cerner Lights On Network®. Interviews with 25 healthcare workers in various clinical and administrative roles.

Approach
We assessed changes in total EHR time, documentation time, and order time per patient post-transition. Interview transcripts (n = 90) were coded and analyzed for content specific to EHR usability.

Key Results
Total EHR time, documentation time, and order time all decreased precipitously within the first four months after go-live and demonstrated gradual improvements over 12 months. Interview participants expressed ongoing concerns with the EHR’s usability and functionality up to a year after go-live such as tasks taking longer than the old system and inefficiencies related to inadequate training and inherent features of the new system. These sentiments did not seem to reflect the observed improvements in EHR use metrics.

Conclusions
The integration of quantitative and qualitative data yielded a complex picture of EHR usability. Participants described persistent challenges with EHR usability 1 year after go-live contrasting with observed improvements in EHR use metrics. Combining findings across methods can provide a clearer, contextualized understanding of EHR adoption and use patterns during EHR transitions.
The Differential Effect of Metformin on Osteocytes, Osteoblasts, and Osteoclasts
Authors: de Vries Teun J. , Kleemann Antonella S. , Jin Jianfeng , Schoenmaker Ton 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Metformin is an anti-glycemic agent, which is widely prescribed to diabetes patients. Although its alleged role on bone strength has been reported for some time, this review focuses primarily on the recent mechanistical insights of metformin on osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts.

Recent Findings
Overall, metformin contributed to steering anabolic activity in osteocytes. It caused lower expression in osteocytes of the negative regulators of bone formation sclerostin and DKK1. Likewise, the osteoclastogenesis function of osteoblasts was also skewed towards lower RANKL and higher OPG expressions. Osteoblast lineage cells generally responded to metformin by activating bone formation parameters, such as alkaline phosphatase activity, higher expression of anabolic members of the Wnt pathway, transcription factor Runx2, bone matrix protein proteins, and subsequent mineralization. Metformin affected osteoclast formation and activity in a negative way, reducing the number of multinucleated cells in association with lower expression of typical osteoclast markers and with inhibited resorption. A common denominator studied in all three cell types is its beneficial effect on activating phosphorylated AMP kinase (AMPK) which is associated with the coordination of energy metabolism.

Summary
Metformin differentially affects bone cells, shifting the balance to more bone formation. Although metformin is a drug prescribed for diabetic patients, the overall bone anabolic effects on osteocytes and osteoblasts and the anti-catabolic effect on osteoclast suggest that metformin could be seen as a promising drug in the bone field.
The Colourant Mapping Project: approaching the evidence of colourant production in the Aegean during the Hellenistic and Roman Period through Kea, Kos and Rhodes
Authors: Kostomitsoupoulou-Marketou Ariadne , Rodler-Rørbo Alexandra 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOver the last decades, polychromy research has provided insight into the rich variety of materials that composed the ancient Mediterranean palette, including minerals, rocks, earths, metal oxides, lakes and pyrotechnological products. Even though polychromy is considered an important aspect of ancient Greek and Roman art, the organisation of colourant production and trade remains rather underexplored. This is possibly due to the inherent complexity of pigments and dyes as archaeological materials and the variability of possible sources. Recent methodological advances have demonstrated the potential to trace the provenance of raw materials and to identify colourant productionloci. This paper introduces the Colourant Mapping Project (CMP), which we are currently developing as a novel bibliographic and dissemination tool for researching colourant production and trade. The Aegean islands of Kea, Kos and Rhodes are three case studies included in the CMP that provide varied evidence of colourant production through a combined methodology using literary sources, archaeological and geological information for evaluating potential colourant production sites. Kea is mentioned in ancient texts as an excellent source of red earth, controlled by Athenian exportation legislation. The geology of Kea supports this; however, no earth pigment production sites are currently known and archaeometric evidence connecting to local raw materials is lacking. Kos, on the other hand, lacks historical evidence for local colourant production while a recently well-described multicrafting workshop and abundant archaeological finds substantiate colourant production on this island. The geological evidence also supports a local provenance for some of the materials processed on Kos (earth pigments), yet raw materials such as copper (for Egyptian blue) still required importation from elsewhere. Lastly, Rhodes was praised for its lead white and murex purple production by ancient writers and archaeological evidence might verify both, although not as clearly as is the case of Koan colourant production. The geological information for Rhodes also hints at raw material importation as no local lead ore deposits are known. The aim of the CMP is therefore twofold: on the one hand to evaluate the contribution of varied pieces of evidence to colourant provenancing and production, and on the other to situate the evidence of local colourant production within the context of Mediterranean networks of economic and cultural exchange. An ever-increasing and openly accessible bibliographic reference tool such as the CMP enables the investigation of the provenance of raw materials and colourants and can contribute to the reconstruction of ancient exchange networks.
Training and learning ultrasound: survey on a sample of Italian students, impact and role inside the core curriculum of degree courses in medicine and surgery
Authors: Boccatonda Andrea , Ursitti Antonio , Frisone Alessio , D’Alessandro Patrizio , Guagnano Maria Teresa , Iannetti Giovanni , Schiavone Cosima 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Ultrasound is essential in the clinical practice of many medical specialties due to non-invasiveness, rapidity of examination, low costs and simplicity. Many specialized companies and universities pointed out its potential as a teaching tool for medical students. The aim of our study is to evaluate the impact of an ultrasound course on a sample of students attending the fourth, fifth and sixth year of the degree course in Medicine, highlighting changing in satisfaction and preparation. Another target is to verify the capability of a course on ultrasound to positively impact on participants knowledge and competences.

Methods
Students attending 6 training courses of Medicine held between 2017 and 2019 were recruited. Five trainings held during an Italian society of ultrasound in medicine and biology (SIUMB) congress, in a session dedicated to students, and one during an elective didactic activity (ADE) held in Chieti University. A questionnaire was given to the students before and after the course, in order to assess the impact of the course on the motivation and knowledge. Moreover, a test was also administered at the end of the theoretical part, with questions relating to the notions learned.

Results
There was an 81% of correct response to the learning questionnaire by calculating the mean of 5 SIUMB courses performed. The students are strongly motivated to continue learning ultrasound already from the beginning of the course, and this result remains unchanged in the questionnaire administered at the end. The interest of students towards this method is high, and they would ultrasound courses within the Medicine degree, even before participating in the training. It was evident how students positively assessed the course in relation to the acquisition of skills and knowledge, albeit with a tendency to acquire more knowledge rather than skills.

Conclusions
Our data support the usefulness of including ultrasound into the curriculum of medical students and on its use as a teaching tool. Students are highly motivated and perceive a significant improvement in both skills and knowledge following the proposed courses. Hands-on part is necessary in the training course on ultrasonography.
Corticotropin-releasing hormone test predicts the outcome of unilateral adrenalectomy in primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia
Authors: Tizianel I. , Detomas M. , Deutschbein T. , Fassnacht M. , Albiger N. , Iacobone M. , Scaroni C. , Ceccato F. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Primary bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH) is associated with hypercortisolism and a heterogeneous clinical expression in terms of cortisol secretion and related comorbidities. Historically, treatment of choice was bilateral adrenalectomy (B-Adx); however, recent data suggest that unilateral adrenalectomy (U-Adx) may be an effective alternative. For the latter, factors predicting the postsurgical outcome (e.g., biochemical control) have not been identified yet.

Methods
PBMAH patients undergoing U-Adx for overt Cushing’s syndrome (CS) in two tertiary care centers were retrospectively analysed. Remission was defined as a normalization of urinary free cortisol (UFC) without the need for medical treatment. The potential of hCRH test as a predictor of U-Adx outcome was evaluated in a subgroup.

Results
23 patients were evaluated (69% females, mean age 55 years). Remission rate after U-Adx was 74% at last follow up (median 115 months from UAdx). Before U-Adx, a positive ACTH response to hCRH (Δ%ACTH increase > 50% from baseline) was associated with higher remission rates.

Conclusions
Three of four patients with PBMAH are surgically cured with U-Adx. Pre-operative hCRH testing can be useful to predict long-term remission rates.
Urban Change Forecasting from Satellite Images
Authors: Metzger Nando , Türkoglu Mehmet Özgür , Daudt Rodrigo Caye , Wegner Jan Dirk , Schindler Konrad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractForecasting where and when new buildings will emerge is a rather unexplored topic, but one that is very useful in many disciplines such as urban planning, agriculture, resource management, and even autonomous flying. In the present work, we present a method that accomplishes this task with a deep neural network and a custom pretraining procedure. InStage 1, a U-Net backbone is pretrained within a Siamese network architecture that aims to solve a (building) change detection task. InStage 2, the backbone is repurposed to forecast the emergence of new buildings based solely on one image acquired before its construction. Furthermore, we also present a model that forecasts the time range within which the change will occur. We validate our approach using the SpaceNet7 dataset, which covers an area of 960 km$$^2$$2at 24 points in time across 2 years. In our experiments, we found that our proposed pretraining method consistently outperforms the traditional pretraining using the ImageNet dataset. We also show that it is to some degree possible to predict in advance when building changes will occur.
Threshold sensitivity of the production network topology
Authors: Molnár Eszter , Csala Dénes 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIndustries today are tightly interconnected, necessitating a systematic perspective in understanding the complexity of relations. Employing network science, the literature constructs dense production networks to address this challenge. However, handling this high density involves carefully choosing the level of pruning to retain as much information as possible. Yet, current research lacks comprehensive insight into the extent of distortion the data removal produces in the network structure. Our paper aims to examine how this widespread thresholding method changes the production network’s topology. We do this by studying the network topology and centrality metrics under various thresholds on inter-industry networks derived from the US input-output accounts. We find that altering even minor threshold values significantly reshapes the network’s structure. Core industries serving as hubs are also affected. Hence, research using the production network framework to explain the propagation of local shocks and disturbances should also take into account that even low-value monetary transactions contribute to the interrelatedness and complexity of production networks.
Conflict-aware workload co-execution on SX-aurora TSUBASA
Authors: Nunokawa Riku , Shimomura Yoichi , Agung Mulya , Egawa Ryusuke , Takizawa Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNEC SX-Aurora TSUBASA (SX-AT) is the latest vector supercomputer, consisting of host processors called Vector Hosts (VHs) and vector processors called Vector Engines (VEs). The goal of this work is to simultaneously use both VHs and VEs to increase the resource utilization and improve the system throughput by co-executing more workloads. One difficulty is that performance interferences among VH and VE workloads could occur because they share some computing resources and potentially compete to use the same resource at the same time, so-called resource conflicts. To achieve efficient workload co-execution, first, this paper experimentally investigates the performance interference between a VH and a VE, when each of the two processors executes a different workload. It is empirically shown that the frequency of system calls from the VE workload could be a good indicator to predict if the co-execution could cause severe performance interference, even though monitoring system calls requires a huge runtime overhead and it is impractical to simply use it for decision making of co-execution. Then, this paper proposes a workload co-execution strategy based on a practical approach to identifying a pair of VE and VH workloads that could cause severe performance interferences. Our evaluation results clearly demonstrate that the system call frequency can be used to predict if the workload can affect the performance of another co-executing workload, and VH’s CPU load can be a good approximation of the system call frequency. The proposed approach based on the CPU loads could accurately identify a pair of workloads causing frequent resource conflicts, and thus reduce the risk of severe performance interferences between co-executing workloads on an SX-AT system, resulting in shorter makespan without significantly increasing the turn-around time.
Integrating biochar and bacteria for sustainable remediation of metal-contaminated soils
Authors: Ouyang Peng , Narayanan Mathiyazhagan , Shi Xiaojun , Chen Xinping , Li Zhenlun , Luo Yongming , Ma Ying 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDue to anthropogenic activities, heavy metal (HM) pollution in soils has increased, resulting in severe ecological problems and posing a constant threat to human health. Among various remediation methods, bacterial remediation is a relatively clean, efficient, and minimally negative approach. However, bacterial agents face multiple environmental stresses, making them challenging to achieve long-lasting and stable restoration effects. To address this issue, supportive organic substances such as biochar can be added to the soil with bacteria. According to bibliometric studies, integrating biochar and bacteria is extensively researched and widely used for HM-contaminated soil remediation. By integrating biochar and bacteria, heavy metals in the soil can be remediated, and soil conditions can be improved over time. Bacteria can also better promote plant growth or contribute effectively to phytoremediation processes when assisted by biochar. However, the remediation agents integrating biochar and bacteria are still some distance away from large-scale use because of their high cost and possible environmental problems. Therefore, further discussion on the interaction between biochar and bacteria and the integration approach, along with their remediation efficiency and environmental friendliness, is needed to achieve sustainable remediation of HM-contaminated soils by integrating biochar and bacteria. This paper discusses the potential mechanisms of biochar-bacteria-metal interactions, current advancements in biochar-bacteria combinations for HM-contaminated soil treatment, and their application in sustainable remediation, analyzes the interaction between biochar and bacteria and compares the remediation effect of different ways and feedstocks to integrate biochar and bacteria. Finally, future directions of biochar-bacteria combinations are presented, along with evidence and strategies for improving their commercialization and implementation.
Graphical Abstract
Cytotoxic pathways activated by multifunctional thiosemicarbazones targeting sigma-2 receptors in breast and lung carcinoma cells
Authors: Kopecka Joanna , Barbanente Alessandra , Vitone Daniele , Arnesano Fabio , Margiotta Nicola , Berchialla Paola , Niso Mauro , Riganti Chiara , Abate Carmen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Multifunctional thiosemicarbazones (TSCs) able to bind sigma receptors and chelate metals are considered as a promising avenue for the treatment of pancreatic cancer due to the encouraging results obtained on in vitro and in vivo models. Here, we assessed the biochemical mechanism of these TSCs also on lung (A549) and breast (MCF7) cancer cells.

Methods
The density of sigma-2 receptors in normal (BEAS-2B and MCF10A) and in lung and breast (A549 and MCF7) cancer cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. In these cells, cytotoxicity (MTT assay) and activation of ER- and mitochondria-dependent cell death pathways (by spectrofluorimetric assays to measure Caspases 3/7/9; qRT-PCR detection of GRP78, ATF6, IRE1, PERK; MitoSOX, DCFDA-AM and JC-1 staining), induced by the TSCs FA4, MLP44, PS3 and ACThio1, were evaluated.

Results
FA4 and PS3 exerted more potent cytotoxicity than MLP44 and ACThio1 in all cancer cell lines, where the density of sigma-2 receptors was higher than in normal cells. Remarkably, FA4 promoted ER- and mitochondria-dependent cell death pathways in both cell models, whereas the other TSCs had variable, cell-dependent effects on the activation of the two proapoptotic pathways.

Conclusions
Our data suggest that FA4 is a promising compound that deserves to be further studied for lung and breast cancer treatment. However, the other multifunctional TSCs also hold promise for the development of therapies towards a personalized medicine approach. Indeed, the presence of the sigma-2 receptor-targeting moiety would lead to a more specific tumor delivery embracing the characteristics of individual tumor types.