bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of modes for safe application of selective micro-pulse individual retinal therapy of the macular zone using the modeling based on the theory of activated complex
Authors: Ivanova E. V. , Volodin P. L. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: to make modeling of various modes of laser radiation, to assess the degree of damage to the retinal pigment epithelium and adjacent structures, and to determine modes and safety conditions of selective micro-pulse individual retinal therapy based on the theory of activated complex. Materials and methods. The authors have modeled the degree of damage to the chorioretinal complex and adjacent structures using the activated complex theory with the Eyring equation. The following definitions were used to determine the regime quality and safety conditions: micro-pulse mode is a mode with fixed values of micro-pulse duration, duty cycle and the number of pulses in the packet; power is a variable parameter. Efficiency is the ratio of the amount of denatured protein inside the retinal pigment epithelium layer to the total amount of protein in it. Selectivity is the ratio of the amount of denatured protein inside the retinal pigment epithelium layer to the total amount of denatured protein. Relative harmfulness is the ratio of denatured protein volume outside the retinal pigment epithelium to the volume of protein in it. Results and discussion. The quality of micro-pulse mode was found as depending on the selectivity value with efficiency equal to 90 %. With the efficiency value less than 50 %, the mode is non-selective, with more than 67 % – selective. Safety conditions for selective micro-pulse modes have been established, taking into account safety of the neurosensory retina and choroid in terms of relative harmfulness which should not exceed 1. Parameters at which micro-pulse modes have high values (more than 90 – 99) of efficiency and selectivity at the same time have been determined as well. It requires single pulse mode, micro pulse duration of 25 microseconds and power from 6 to 8 W. To expand the combination of parameters, it is necessary to be able to freely change them in increments of 1 pulse, 5 microseconds, 100 mW, with long interval and short duty cycle. These technical capabilities can be realized and implemented into clinical practice by manufacturers of laser devices. Conclusion. For selective micro-pulse individual retinal therapy of the macular zone with existing lasers, the following recommendation are to be observed: micro-pulse modes with pulse duration no more than 200 microseconds, short duty cycle less than 5 % and number of pulses in an envelope no more than 5; relative harmfulness less than one, radiation power selection, personalized patient’s characteristics.
Le temps incorporé des collections. La collecte et la circulation des plantes entre l’Amérique et l’Europe au milieu du xviiie siècle
Authors: Boumediene Samir 
Published: November 2023

Au milieu du xviiie siècle, les collections de plantes sont un enjeu central tant pour l’histoire des sciences que pour celles du commerce, de la politique et de la colonisation. Témoins les plus visibles de ce phénomène, les réceptacles que constituent les herbiers, les jardins, les collections de graines, ne représentent qu’un moment dans un processus plus long et plus complexe, qui articule une pratique du terrain à un art de la circulation, un savoir classificatoire à un savoir-faire de la mise en culture des plantes. À travers une série d’exemples portant sur l’histoire de l’Amérique et de ses rapports avec la France, l’Angleterre et l’Espagne, ce texte aborde la collecte et la circulation comme des processus temporels. L’observation des végétaux, l’entretien avec les populations locales ou l’usage de caisses d’histoire naturelle ne peuvent alimenter une collection qu’à condition de synchroniser la pluralité des temps propres aux différentes entités impliquées : les êtres humains, les végétaux, les insectes, les vents et les embruns.
A Comparative Study of Health-Related Quality of Life among Adults with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Adebayo Bisola I. , Odusanya Olumuyiwa O. 
Published: November 2023

Background: Current models of care for tuberculosis (TB) focus on bacteriological cures with less emphasis on the effect of TB on physical, mental, and social well-being. There is also a paucity of data on normative values for Nigeria against which health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measures of TB patients could be assessed. The objective of this study was to compare HRQOL of adults diagnosed with TB against a comparator group from similar socio-demographic backgrounds.
Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was undertaken with 210 patients with pulmonary TB and a comparator group of 285 individuals from catchment communities. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Short Version (WHOQOL-BREF) was used to assess HRQOL. Patients were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data were analysed using IBM-SPSS version 23. A multiple linear regression model was used to identify potential predictors of HRQOL. Ethical approval was obtained from the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital health research ethics committee.
Results: More than half of the TB patients and those in the comparator group were men (63.3% and 59.0%, respectively), and their mean ages were 36.40±11.76 years and 36.69±12.30 years, respectively. Respondents with TB had significantly lower HRQOL domain scores across all domains (p<0.001). Domain scores for HRQOL ranged between 45.3 ±14.5 (environmental domain) and 50.9±17.3 (social relationships). Independent predictors of quality of life among TB patients included education, employment, and socio-economic status.
Conclusion: Tuberculosis was significantly associated with an impairment in health-related quality of life. The environment domain was most affected among respondents with PTB. Employment status, socio-economic class and educational level were predictive of HRQOL.
Acute flaccid paralysis surveillance system data analysis, Pujehun, Sierra Leone, 2011-2020
Authors: Sheriff Musa D. , Sheriff A. , Elduma A. , Gebru G. 
Published: November 2023

The Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) surveillance system was established to detect poliovirus and to measure progress toward Poliovirus eradication. Vaccine-derived poliovirus outbreaks have been reported worldwide in 2020, including in Sierra Leone. We analyzed AFP surveillance data to describe the distribution, epidemiological trend, and clinical characteristics of AFP cases. We analyzed secondary data of AFP cases in the Pujehun District for the period from 2011 to 2020. We collected data on key variables such as age, sex, clinical characteristics, outcome, non-AFP rate, stool adequacy, and non-Polio enteroviruses. We analyzed data using Microsoft Excel 2013 and Epi-Info 7 software. Results were reported in tables, graphs, and maps. A total of 60 AFP cases were reported with a median age of 3 years (range 0.7- 14), with no confirmed poliomyelitis. Under-five Children accounted for 46 (76.7%), with 27 females and 33 males. Of the sixty cases,17(28.3%) were hospitalized and 16(27%) were detected in the hospital. Ten (16.7%) cases were classified as non-Polio enteroviruses and 50 (83.3%) as negative. Sudden onset of paralysis was reported in 57 (96.6%) cases, paralysis progressed within 3 days in 44 (74.6%) cases, and 56 (94.6%) reported fever. Out of 33, the left legs 28 (84.9%) were the most affected sites. Majority of the cases, 35(58.1%) had received five and more doses of the Oral Polio vaccine. The stool adequacy was 54(90%) and the non-AFP rate was above 2.0 except in 2017 when it was 1.8. Of the 14 chiefdoms,12 (86%) met the minimum AFP reporting target (1/100,000 < 15 years’ population). None of the AFP cases were confirmed as Poliovirus in Pujehun District. Case detection and reporting rate were high except for two chiefdoms. We recommended maintaining the AFP surveillance system in the district and replicate the strategies used to other districts.
COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among students at the College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone
Authors: Bah Abdul Karim , Jalloh Mohamed Bella , Smalle Isaac Olufemi 
Published: November 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the need for an effective vaccine to combat the spread of the virus. However, less attention has been paid to vaccine hesitancy and acceptance, particularly among healthcare students in Africa. The study aimed to assess vaccine hesitancy and acceptance among clinical year students of a novel COVID-19 vaccine in Sierra Leone.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey among 250 healthcare students at the University of Sierra Leone. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were applied to analyse data.
Results: Our findings showed that 46 (18.4%) of the medical students and 6(2.4%) of pharmacy students doubted the COVID-19 vaccine's safety. 34(13.6%) of medical students questioned the effectiveness of the vaccine, while 25 (10%) of medical students, 53 (21.2%) of nursing students, and 4 (1.6%) of pharmacy students feared the side effects that were still unknown. 28 (11.2%) of the medical students, 7 (2.8%) of nursing students, and 21 (8.4%) of pharmacy students feared that some types of vaccine would have adverse effects on their health.
Discussion: The study found that a significant proportion of medical and pharmacy students expressed doubts about the safety, effectiveness, and side effects of the vaccine. A small proportion of the students also feared adverse effects of certain types of vaccines on their health. These findings suggest that there is a need for targeted education and communication campaigns to address the reasons for vaccine hesitancy among healthcare students
Peste des petits ruminants outbreak investigation among goats and sheep in Kenema District, Sierra Leone, March 2023
Authors: Edwin Idriss Mustapha , George Pius Nicol , Mohamed Haddy Leigh , Amara Leno , Ahmed Foray Samba 
Published: November 2023

Background: Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a contagious transboundary viral disease of small ruminants. The PPR virus has high morbidity and mortality, reaching 100% and over 90% in naïve herds, respectively. The disease is endemic to Sierra Leone, especially in areas where the animals are extensively reared. The present outbreak investigation describes clinical observations and laboratory conGirmation of the PPR virus in goats and sheep using conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
Methods Livestock keepers in the affected village reported signs of diarrhoea, pneumonia, and death among their animals to the District Livestock Officer (DLO). Clinical examination was done and samples collected from the animals. Serum samples were tested using the blocking Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) AU-PANVAC kit. The swabs were analyzed using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) as per the manufacturer’s recommendations.
Results Clinical examination done on animals showed ulceration of the mouth, lacrimation of the eyes, purulent nasal discharge, rough coats, and diarrhea. These signs were mainly observed in goats. The sheep were not showing any visible disease signs. Eight (8) serum samples tested positive for PPR virus antibodies by the bELISA. Four (4) nasal and ocular swabs yielded an expected amplicon size of 350 bp by conventional PCR
Conclusion Based on the clinical signs observed from our findings, PCR and serology; we therefore concluded that the pathogen that caused the current outbreak in Kenema District is PPRV.
Recommendations More efforts be made to control this disease in the country through vaccination of the animals. Livestock farmers should implement good husbandry practice and biosecurity on their farms.
Edukasi pemanfaatan media sosial untuk berbisnis pada siswa SMA Negeri 2 Kabupaten Sorong
Authors: Khairunisa Nur A. , Sabaria  , Danuwijaya Tri 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Social media is an important tool for almost all lines in society, including being used for business. This community service program is motivated by the large number of students who own and use social media, and mostly only as a channel to communicate with friends and family. In fact, the function of social media has become increasingly widespread, including for business purposes. This community service program aims to add to the positive benefits of social media owned by SMA Negeri 2 Sorong Regency students, namely for online business activities. Discussion of social media in this activity was limited to Instagram. This educational activity is carried out in the form of lectures and questions and answers. The results of this community service activity received a positive response from the students, this was shown by the enthusiasm of the students in participating in this lecture and the many questions asked by students regarding the use of social media for doing business.
Keywords: Instagram marketing; Online business; Social media

ABSTRAK
Media sosial adalah sarana penting pada hampir semua lini dalam masyarakat, termasuk dapat dimanfaatkan untuk berbisnis. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini dilatarbelakangi oleh banyaknya para siswa yang memiliki dan menggunakan media sosial, dan kebanyakan hanya sebagai saluran untuk berkomunikasi dengan teman dan keluarga. Padahal sebenarnya fungsi media sosial telah menjadi semakin luas, termasuk untuk sarana berbisnis. Program pengabdian pada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk menambah manfaat positif dari media sosial yang dimiliki siswa-siswi SMA Negeri 2 Kabupaten Sorong, yaitu untuk kegiatan berbisnis online. Pembahasan media sosial dalam kegiatan ini hanya terbatas pada instagram. Kegiatan edukasi ini dilakukan dalam bentuk ceramah dan tanya jawab. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini mendapat respon positif dari para siswa-siswi, hal ini ditunjukkan oleh antusias para siswa-siswi dalam mengikuti ceramah ini dan banyaknya pertanyaan yang diajukan para siswa terkait pemanfaatan media sosial untuk berbisnis.
Kata kunci: Bisnis online; Instagram marketing; Media sosial
HYBRID LEARNING DI STAIN MAJENE
Authors: Ahmad Ridhai Azis  , Burhanuddin  
Published: November 2023

This research aims to examine the effectiveness of Hybrid Learning at STAIN Majene in learning Indonesian Language. Hybrid Learning is developed for contemporary education. The learning problem in Covid-19 Pandemic Period are the environment and the learning media that have turned to virtual classes. The environment understood by students is a learning environment that presents lecturers in class, studying along with groups in the room. This contemporary education period present a learning with an independent concept and it is free to learn anywhere and anytime. The research approach was quantitative. The Research design was quasi-experimental. The research population was all the students who are in PAI 4 and PAI 6 semester I (odd) academic year 2020/2021. The data analysis techniques were used the SPSS24 application. The result of research showed that the learning outcomes of students in PAI 4 class following the learning process through Hybrid Learning as much as 89.70% succeed to achieve the average score of the minimum completeness criteria. The learning outcomes of students in PAI 6 as much as 91.68% succeed to achieve the average minimum completeness criteria. The use of Hybrid Learning effectively used in Indonesian language learning at STAIN Majene can be seen from the value of sig.(2-tailed)> 0.05 or 0.000>0.05, meaning that hypothesis 1 (H1) which states that Hybrid Learning is effectively used in learning at the Higher Lecturer level, especially in STAIN Majene.

Keywords: effectiveness, hybrid learning, virtual class, Indonesian language
Desarrollo de un sistema de nivelación de antenas HF en terrenos irregulares en Colombia
Authors: Gómez Vargas Diana Patricia , Velosa Castañeda Diego Arley , Pinto Uribe Juan Wilfredo , Guevara Cardona Julian Camilo 
Published: November 2023

Los campos de antenas utilizados en la banda de alta frecuencia (High Frecuency) son esenciales para la ejecución de operaciones de radiogoniometría y tácticas de Guerra Electrónica (Electronic War) en inteligencia de señales. Estos sistemas requieren en sus bases estructurales alta precisión de nivelación y estabilidad para optimizar y garantizar los enlaces de comunicación. La implementación de cada soporte y la preparación del área de anclaje requieren de altos presupuestos y costos por obra civil, puesto que las áreas donde se distribuyen y configuran son lugares topográficamente irregulares y de difícil acceso. La siguiente investigación se llevó a cabo con el fin de desarrollar un prototipo de soporte mecánico para la nivelación de antenas de alta frecuencia. Se aplicó una investigación mixta (cualitativa y cuantitativa) de enfoque descriptivo para el diseño y desarrollo del prototipo denominado Keops, una alternativa que brinda robustez y eficiencia para estabilizar de forma práctica y segura cada antena en superficies irregulares, con la ventaja de ser una estructura de fácil transporte y con la disposición mecánica diseñada para tal fin. Además, se reducen los costos de adecuación, implementación o traslado de los sistemas de antenas de alta frecuencia, puesto que no se incurre en anclajes o estructuras que requieran nivelación o aplanamiento del terreno con bases fundidas en concreto u otro tipo de materiales. Además se desarrolló una revisión teórica de varios conceptos claves relacionados con la radiogoniometría y con los campos de antenas HF. Esto para dar a conocer cuáles son las necesidades de contar con un desarrollo de un prototipo de estas características para el Ejército Nacional de Colombia.
MENGGALI POTRET DR. MARIE THOMAS: DOKTER WANITA PERTAMA INDONESIA
Authors: Rahmalia Arina , Resdiyanti Lidiya , Afiah Nur Sobah , Arifin Faizal 
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini mengkaji karir dan kontribusi dr. Marie Thomas, dokter perempuan pertama di Indonesia. Meskipun hidup dalam masyarakat yang didominasi oleh budaya Kolonialisme dan patriarki, dr. Marie Thomas berhasil mengatasi berbagai tantangan dan menjadi teladan inspiratif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah yang terdiri dari heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi, dengan mengkaji sumber-sumber primer dan sekunder, termasuk surat kabar dan dokumen dari masa Kolonialisme Belanda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dr. Marie Thomas merupakan satu-satunya murid perempuan di antara murid laki-laki di Sekolah Pendidikan Dokter Hindia (STOVIA) tahun 1922. Ia menghadapi stereotip gender dan keterbatasan akses ke pendidikan tinggi. Namun, dengan ketekunan dan tekadnya, dr. Marie Thomas berhasil meraih gelar Indische Arts (Dokter Hindia) dengan fokus pada kebidanan dan ginekologi. Kontribusi dr. Marie Thomas nampak dalam meningkatkan peran perempuan dalam pelayanan kesehatan khususnya demi kesehatan ibu dan anak di Indonesia. Dr. Marie Thomas adalah sumber inspirasi bagi generasi dokter perempuan berikutnya, dan penelitian ini memberikan wawasan tentang perjuangannya dalam mengubah paradigma sosial di dunia medis di Hindia Belanda.
Đánh giá hiệu quả TACE ở bệnh nhân ung thư biểu mô tế bào gan trước ghép gan: Báo cáo loạt trường hợp lâm sàng
Authors: Tùng Nguyễn Lâm , Thịnh Nguyễn Tiến , Thái Nguyễn Văn , Kỳ Thái Doãn , Bình Mai Thanh , Thanh Trần Văn , Mạnh Nguyễn Văn , Giang Đinh Trường 
Published: November 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả tắc mạch hóa chất (TACE) trên hình ảnh cắt lớp vi tính, mô bệnh học và AFP (Alpha - fetoprotein) ở bệnh nhân ung thư biểu mô tế bào gan trước ghép gan. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Phương pháp mô tả hồi cứu, so sánh trước và sau điều trị ung thư biểu mô tế bào gan bằng TACE. Kết quả điều trị được đánh giá theo tiêu chuẩn mRECIST trên hình ảnh CLVT và mức độ hoại tử u trên hình ảnh mô bệnh học. Kết quả: Nghiên cứu gồm 8 bệnh nhân ung thư gan được điều trị TACE trước ghép. Tỉ lệ đáp ứng hoàn toàn là 12,5%, đáp ứng một phần là 77,5% và không có bệnh nhân nào tiến triển trên hình ảnh CLVT. Hoại tử > 90% khối u được quan sát thấy ở 6 bệnh nhân (75%) và hoại tử 50-90% khối u được quan sát thấy ở 2 bệnh nhân (25%). Kết luận: TACE bước đầu đem lại hiệu quả tốt về đáp ứng khối u trên hình ảnh cắt lớp vi tính và hình ảnh mô bệnh học.
Principle and Policy in Malicious Prosecution
Authors: Bonython Wendy , Farrar John 
Published: November 2023

Judicial consideration by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, and the United Kingdom Supreme Court, of the tort of malicious prosecution – historically confined to criminal prosecution and limited civil proceedings – demonstrates considerable confusion in Common Law systems over the roles of principle and policy in judicial reasoning. As judgements extending malicious prosecution to maliciously motivated civil claims demonstrate, the principles and policies underpinning malicious prosecution and abuse of process, and the relationship between these torts – regarded by judges and jurists as anomalous – remain unclear. Other common law jurisdictions are yet to positively affirm the revised malicious prosecution tort’s applicability to civil proceedings, and the few plaintiffs to plead the expanded tort to date have been unsuccessful. While the harms arising from maliciously brought civil proceedings understandably excite sympathy, this article contends that expanding malicious prosecution to civil claims via common law reform is a problematic solution resting on unsound jurisprudential foundations, which faces potentially insurmountable evidentiary barriers and necessitates further litigation. We suggest that a better alternative is to encourage greater use of the court’s existing inherent jurisdiction to award compensatory costs and propose introduction of punitive statutory costs powers, available in extreme cases, to deter litigants from initiating civil claims prompted by malice.
Women's Participation in Selection of Contraceptive Methods – Knowledge, Attitudes and Culture in Formosa Public Health Center, Dili
Authors: Barreto Amaral Meriana , De Jesus Maceiras Maria , Guterres Correia Avelino , Pires Alexandra 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Family planning is a program that contributes to the improvement of women's health by reducing maternal mortality, abortion, freedom of choice and empowerment of women, reduction of subsequent female fertility, and is a program that aims to inform the people through a set of actions and attitudes (clinics and health practices) to guide as to contraception. Methods: This research uses a qualitative and quantitative approach, descriptive and field, held in Formosa Public Health Center, Dili. Results and Discussion: The result reveals that women in the age group with the highest expression in this research is 20 to 24 years old, hold an educational level with higher education about 30.5%. Emphasizing that more than half of the participants reported that they do not have information and only 13.7% getting information by personal health professionals. Regarding knowledge, most of participants did not obtain information regarding family planning and more less 51.5% had reasons to adhere to family planning is to prevent pregnancy. Factors that influencing the decision of the participants, mostly (94.0%) did not mention any factor as its decision. In terms of the type of use, 63.6% prefer the injectable method and almost 66.7% lamented some side effects such as dizziness and headaches and menstrual disorders, although they continue to use after consultation to a doctor or midwife. Conclusion: Finally, the duration of use about one-third of participants used about a year and 28.8% are new customers.