bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasmonics for neuroengineering
Authors: Mousavi N. S. Susan , Ramadi Khalil B. , Song Yong-Ak , Kumar Sunil 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe evolving field of plasmonics has enabled the rise of engineered plasmonic nanomaterials to improve neural interface performance. Plasmonic nanostructures such as nanoparticles, if appropriately designed, can act as mediators to efficiently deliver light to target cells for less-invasive modulation with high spatial resolution than common electrical methods. Also, originating from either excitation of surface plasmons alone or in combination with thermoplasmonic effects, they can improve the performances of nanotools in neuroengineering. Here, we review plasmonic-based modalities and explore recent developments, advantages and limitations for minimally invasive neuromodulation, central nervous system disease diagnosis and therapy, and smart carrier-drug delivery toward the brain. The subject of the study stands at the interface of neuroscience and engineering. Thus, within the scope of this study, we provide background information about the nervous system and its underlying basic biology, types of neural interfaces, as well as the physics of surface plasmons and thermoplasmonic phenomena.
Migrants’ mental health recovery in Italian reception facilities
Authors: Caroppo Emanuele , Calabrese Carmela , Mazza Marianna , Rinaldi Alessandro , Coluzzi Daniele , Napoli Pierangela , Sapienza Martina ,   UOC Salute Mentale working group, Monfrinotti Italo , Bosio Michela , Colosimo Francesco , Rita Francesco , Perrelli Fabrizio , Rosso Annalisa , Porfiri Maurizio , De Lellis Pietro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Forced migration leaves deep marks on the psychological well-being of migrants, with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other psychological conditions being prevalent among them. While research has clarified the extent to which pre-migration trauma is a predictor of mental health outcomes, the role of post-migration stressors in the settlement environment are yet to be fully characterized.

Methods
We monitored mental health of a cohort of 100 asylum-seekers during their 14-day COVID-19-related quarantine in reception facilities in Rome, Italy, through the administration of six questionnaires (a demographic survey, the WHO-5 well-being index, the Primary Care PTSD Screen for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 (DSM-5), the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, the Trauma and Loss Spectrum—Self Report, and the LiMEs—Italian version). Through the combination of statistical analysis and supervised learning, we studied the impact of the first contact with the reception system on asylum-seekers’ mental health and sought for possible risk and shielding factors for PTSD.

Results
We find that sheltering in refugee centers has a positive impact on migrants’ mental health; asylum-seekers with PTSD reported more traumatic events and personality characteristics related to loss and trauma; life events are predictors of PTSD in asylum-seekers.

Conclusions
We identify past traumatic experiences as predictors of PTSD, and establish the positive role the immediate post-migration environment can play on migrants’ psychological well-being. We recommend for host countries to implement reception models that provide effective protection and integration of asylum-seekers, similar to those in the Italian system.
Energetic perspective on emergent inductance exhibited by magnetic textures in the pinned regime
Authors: Furuta Soju , Moody Samuel Harrison , Kado Kyohei , Koshibae Wataru , Kagawa Fumitaka 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSpatially varying magnetic textures can exhibit electric-current-induced dynamics as a result of the spin-transfer torque effect. When such a magnetic system is electrically driven, an electric field is generated, which is called the emergent electric field. In particular, when magnetic-texture dynamics are induced under the application of an AC electric current, the emergent electric field also appears in an AC manner, notably, with an out-of-phase time profile, thus exhibiting inductor behavior, often called an emergent inductor. Here we show that the emergent inductance exhibited by magnetic textures in the pinned regime can be explained in terms of the current-induced energy stored in the magnetic system. We numerically find that the inductance values defined from the emergent electric field and the current-induced magnetization-distortion energy, respectively, are in quantitative agreement in the so-called adiabatic limit. Our findings indicate that emergent inductors retain the basic concept of conventional inductors; that is, the energy is stored under the application of electric current.
Methods and Strategies for C–N Bond Formation Reactions
Authors: Taherinia Zahra , Hajjami Maryam , Ghorbani-Choghamarani Arash 
Published: November 2023

Organic compounds containing amino groups are one of the most important classes of chemicals in both academia and industry. This class of materials is a very important structural motif in organic synthesis due to its widespread applications in natural products, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and advanced materials.
This book is a concise overview of modern approaches to N-alkylation and N-arylation of primary, secondary and tertiary amines using alkylating and arylating reagents with amino sources found in both basic and applied chemical research. The work also discusses key examples of amine synthesis from a sustainable perspective, using deep eutectic solvents and the application of amines in different areas. It is an ideal reference for advanced and postgraduate students as well as academic and industrial chemists working in organic, natural product, catalytic, medicinal, and polymer chemistry.
RANK and RANKL Expression in Tumors of Patients with Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Behrens Annika , Wurmthaler Lena , Heindl Felix , Gass Paul , Häberle Lothar , Volz Bernhard , Hack Carolin C. , Emons Julius , Erber Ramona , Hartmann Arndt , Beckmann Matthias W. , Ruebner Matthias , Dougall William C. , Press Michael F. , Fasching Peter A. , Huebner Hanna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) pathway was associated with the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Several studies attempted to link the RANK/RANKL pathway to prognosis;
however, with inconsistent outcomes. We aimed to further contribute to the knowledge about RANK/RANKL as prognostic factors in breast cancer. Within this study, protein expression of RANK and
its ligand, RANKL, in the tumor tissue was analyzed in association with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in a study cohort of patients with early breast cancer.607 samples of female primary and early breast cancer patients from the Bavarian Breast Cancer Cases and Controls Study were analyzed to correlate the RANK and RANKL expression with DFS
and OS. Therefore, expression was quantified using immunohistochemical staining of a tissue microarray. H-scores were determined with the cut-off value of 8.5 for RANK and 0 for RANKL
expression, respectively.RANK and RANKL immunohistochemistry were assessed by H-score. Both biomarkers did not correlate (ρ = −0.04). According to molecular subtypes, triple-negative tumors and HER2-positive
tumors showed a higher number of RANK-positive tumors (H-score ≥ 8.5), however, no subtype-specific expression of RANKL could be detected. Higher RANKL expression tended to correlate with a
better prognosis. However, RANK and RANKL expression could not be identified as statistically significant prognostic factors within the study cohort.Tumor-specific RANK and RANKL expressions are not applicable as prognostic factors for DFS and OS, but might be associated with subtype-specific breast cancer progression.
Treatment Patterns of Cancer-associated Thrombosis in the Netherlands: The Four Cities Study
Authors: Kaptein Fleur H.J. , Guman Noori A.M. , Lohle Susan B. , Klok Frederikus A. , Mairuhu Albert T.A. , Kamphuisen Pieter W. , Es Nick Van , Huisman Menno V. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background Current guidelines recommend either low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) as first-line treatment in cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Aim This study aimed to investigate treatment regimens for cancer-associated VTE over the past 5 years, explore predictors for initial treatment (LMWH vs. DOAC), and to assess the risks of recurrent VTE and bleeding.
Methods This was a Dutch, multicenter, retrospective cohort study including consecutive patients with cancer-associated VTE between 2017 and 2021. Treatment predictors were assessed with multivariable logistic regression models. Six-month cumulative incidences for recurrent VTE and major bleeding (MB) were estimated with death as competing risk.
Results In total, 1,215 patients were included. The majority (1,134/1,192; 95%) started VTE treatment with anticoagulation: 561 LMWH (47%), 510 DOACs (43%), 27 vitamin K antagonist (2.3%), and 36 other/unknown type (3.0%). The proportion of patients primarily treated with DOACs increased from 18% (95% confidence interval [CI] 12–25) in 2017 to 70% (95% CI 62–78) in 2021. Poor performance status (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.72, 95% CI 0.53–0.99) and distant metastases (aOR 0.61, 95% CI 0.45–0.82) were associated with primary treatment with LMWH. Total 6-month cumulative incidences were 6.0% (95% CI 4.8–7.5) for recurrent VTE and 7.0% (95% CI 5.7–8.6) for MB. During follow-up, 182 patients (15%) switched from LMWH to a DOAC, and 54 patients (4.4%) vice versa, for various reasons, including patient preference, recurrent thrombosis, and/or bleeding.
Conclusion DOAC use in cancer-associated VTE has increased rapidly over the past years. Changes in anticoagulation regimen were frequent over time, and were often related to recurrent thrombotic and bleeding complications, illustrating the complexity and challenges of managing cancer-associated VTE.
Histological Chorioamnionitis and Funisitis as New Risk Factors for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Meta-analysis
Authors: El Emrani Salma , Jansen Esther J.S. , Goeman Jelle J. , Lopriore Enrico , Termote Jacqueline U.M. , Schalij-Delfos Nicoline E. , van der Meeren Lotte E. 
Published: November 2023

Objective The role of placental inflammation in neonatal morbidities is underestimated due to lack of placental examination. This meta-analysis aims to assess the association between histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) with and without funisitis (FUN) and risk of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
Study Design Forty-five studies reporting (unadjusted) data on HCA without FUN and HCA with FUN in neonates with ROP were included. Primary outcomes were any stage ROP and severe ROP. Potential confounders explored were gestational age (GA) at birth, birthweight, maternal steroid use, necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis (suspected/proven) and mechanical ventilation duration.
Results Neonates with HCA had increased risk for any stage ROP (odds ratio [OR] 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3–2.4) and severe ROP (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8) compared with neonates without HCA. The rates of any stage ROP (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.4–2.2) and severe ROP (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1–1.6) were higher in neonates with FUN compared with neonates without FUN. Multivariate meta-regression analysis suggests that lower GA increases the effect size between FUN and severe ROP.
Conclusion This meta-analysis confirms that presence of HCA and FUN are risk factors for any stage ROP and severe ROP. Structured histological placental examination of HCA and FUN may be a tool to further refine the ROP risk profile.
Key Points
Decision-Making in Clival Mass Lesions: Risk Factors for Malignant Disease and an Illustrative Case Example
Authors: Baier Matthew P. , Cheong Daniel A. , Shi Helen H. , Peterson Jo Elle G. , Fung Kar-Ming , Dunn Ian F. , McKinney Kibwei A. , Graffeo Christopher S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction Clival tumors are rare and heterogeneous. Although some benign prototypical sellar lesions may present as clival tumors, the likelihood of malignant disease is higher. Here we define a novel algorithm for the workup and management of clival masses through an illustrative case of colorectal adenocarcinoma metastasis to the clivus.
Methods In this case report, the best practice guidelines for managing clival masses are described through a literature review and refined by senior author consensus. We conducted a focused systematic review to characterize the present case in the context of clival metastasis from gastrointestinal malignancy.
Results An 83-year-old woman presented with 4 weeks of headaches and blurry vision. Examination revealed partial right abducens and left oculomotor palsies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified a large, weakly enhancing sellar and clival mass with sphenoid sinus extension. An aggressive subtotal endoscopic endonasal resection was performed with removal of all sphenoid, clival, and sellar disease without cavernous sinus wall resection. Pathology confirmed colorectal adenocarcinoma; computed tomography (CT) imaging identified an ascending colon mass with metastases to the liver and mesenteric nodes. Palliative oncologic therapies were recommended, but she elected hospice, and died 3 months after initial presentation. Gastrointestinal clival metastases are exceedingly rare among sellar and clival pathologies, with eight prior cases reported, most of which presented with diplopia from abducens nerve involvement.
Conclusion Clival masses are uncommon skull base lesions that are associated with more aggressive diseases. We present a consolidated framework for decision-making in these challenging patients, alongside an unusual case example that illustrates the importance of increased suspicion for malignant clinical entities in this setting.
Base-Promoted [3+2] Annulation of Carbodiimides with Diazoacetonitrile for Synthesis of 5-Amino-4-cyano-1,2,3-triazoles
Authors: Cheung Chi Wai , Ma Jun-An , Zhou Lu-Nan , Zhang Fa-Guang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract1,2,3-Triazoles are a privileged class of heterocycles in medicinal and agrochemical science. Here, we describe the base-promoted [3+2] annulation of carbodiimides with diazoacetonitrile. This reaction protocol permits access to a variety of novel 5-amino-4-cyano-1,2,3-triazoles in a regiospecific manner. Further derivatization is exemplified by a skeletal rearrangement and an N-functionalization of triazole products.
Arthroscopic Examination of the Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex in Galeazzi Injuries: Revisiting a Complex Injury
Authors: Choudhury Muntasir Mannan , Saggi Sandip Singh , Chung Sze Ryn , Yap Robert Tze Jin , Chia Dawn Sinn Yii , Jiang Jackson Kian Hong , Chin Andrew Yuan Hui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGaleazzi fracture-dislocations result from severe trauma and can lead to loss of function of the wrist and forearm if not treated appropriately. To avoid such disasters, meticulous surgical management of the injury is necessary. The current literature talks about symptomatic distal radioulnar joint injuries in Galeazzi fracture-dislocations and the various approaches to managing instability. However, unfortunately, there is a dearth of data on the true incidence of injury to the triangular fibrocartilage in the backdrop of the severity of the mechanism of Galeazzi fractures and the damage it may cause as direct inspection of the triangular fibrocartilage complex is not done routinely as a part of management of such cases. We conducted a retrospective review of six consecutive patients with Galeazzi fracture-dislocations. Wrist arthroscopy was performed in these cases, which revealed complex tears of the triangular fibrocartilage complex involving large segments of the ligament and always involving the dorsal periphery. All tears followed the same pattern of disruption of the attachments of two sides of the triangular fibrocartilage complex. We believe our findings will pave the path to further prospective studies in understanding the degree of damage in the triangular fibrocartilage in such devastating injuries and the need for meticulous arthroscopic repair.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Parainfluenza Virus: Characterizing Distinct Clinical Profiles and How They Shift with Bacterial Coinfection
Authors: Nie Bo , Cheng Ying , Hu Hong-bo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective The objectives are to characterize the distinct clinical profiles of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza virus (PIV) infections and how these profiles shift with the addition of bacterial coinfections.
Methods This retrospective study analyzed data from more than 1,000 hospitalized children to compare RSV monoinfection with PIV monoinfection, as well as RSV/PIV coinfection with bacteria with monoinfection.
Results Significant differences in age distribution (p < 0.001), clinical presentation (p < 0.001), the proportion of pneumonia (p < 0.001), mechanical ventilation (p = 0.004), pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission (p = 0.001), and duration of hospitalization (p = 0.003) were observed between RSV and PIV monoinfections. Children with bacterial coinfections had a higher proportion of cough (p = 0.004), wheezing (p = 0.003), rales (p = 0.002), pneumonia (p = 0.002), and PICU admission (p = 0.021) than PIV monoinfection. Notably, the duration of hospitalization for children with bacterial coinfections was longer than that of those infected with a single PIV infection, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.028).
Conclusion Compared with PIV, RSV was more likely to cause severe respiratory tract infections. Coinfection of PIV with bacteria may have exacerbated the severity of acute respiratory tract infections and worsened the symptoms.
Thailand's Position on the International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes: An Overview
Authors: Wungrath Jukkrit 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes aims to regulate marketing practices of breast milk substitutes to protect breastfeeding. The Code was introduced due to the negative impact of aggressive marketing and promotion of breast milk substitutes on breastfeeding rates, which provide essential nutrients and health benefits for both infants and mothers. Key provisions of the Code, such as banning advertising and promotion to the general public and ensuring accurate information from manufacturers, help reduce the influence of marketing on infant feeding choices. Many countries have adopted and implemented the Code's guidelines, resulting in increased awareness and reduced promotion of breast milk substitutes. However, challenges remain in effective implementation and enforcement, and breastfeeding rates still vary globally. Thailand supports the Code and has implemented its guidelines into national legislation. The country has established laws to restrict promotion and advertising of breast milk substitutes and initiatives to promote and support breastfeeding, such as the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative. However, challenges in enforcing the guidelines and varying breastfeeding rates remain. Thailand is working towards improving implementation and enforcement of the guidelines and promoting breastfeeding practices in the country.
Association between Self-reported Sleep Quality and Single-task Gait in Young Adults: A Study Using Machine Learning
Authors: Martin Joel , Huang Haikun , Johnson Ronald , Yu Lap-Fai , Jansen Erica , Martin Rebecca , Yager Chelsea , Boolani Ali 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective The objective of the present study was to find biomechanical correlates of single-task gait and self-reported sleep quality in a healthy, young population by replicating a recently published study.
Materials and Methods Young adults (n = 123) were recruited and were asked to complete the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory to assess sleep quality. Gait variables (n = 53) were recorded using a wearable inertial measurement sensor system on an indoor track. The data were split into training and test sets and then different machine learning models were applied. A post-hoc analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to find statistically significant differences in gait variables between good and poor sleepers.
Results AdaBoost models reported the highest correlation coefficient (0.77), with Support-Vector classifiers reporting the highest accuracy (62%). The most important features associated with poor sleep quality related to pelvic tilt and gait initiation. This indicates that overall poor sleepers have decreased pelvic tilt angle changes, specifically when initiating gait coming out of turns (first step pelvic tilt angle) and demonstrate difficulty maintaining gait speed.
Discussion The results of the present study indicate that when using traditional gait variables, single-task gait has poor accuracy prediction for subjective sleep quality in young adults. Although the associations in the study are not as strong as those previously reported, they do provide insight into how gait varies in individuals who report poor sleep hygiene. Future studies should use larger samples to determine whether single task-gait may help predict objective measures of sleep quality especially in a repeated measures or longitudinal or intervention framework.