bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect evaluation of a comprehensive sexuality education intervention based on socio-emotional learning among adolescents in Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Todesco Marina , Breman Josephine , Haryanto Naura Nabila , Kok Gerjo , Massar Karlijn 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThe field of comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) has switched from a focus on adolescents’ health to a more holistic approach, embracing the concept of sexual development with the aim of improving adolescents’ sexual well-being. The growing interest in the link between CSE and socio-emotional learning (SEL) competencies led to the development of the Journey4Life (J4L), a comprehensive sexuality education curriculum based on socio-emotional learning. In the current research, we evaluate the effectiveness of this program on perceived behavioral control, gender equality attitudes, norms, and intentions related to sexual and reproductive health and rights.MethodsTo this end, we conducted a Cluster Randomized Trial among 14 senior secondary schools in Jakarta, Indonesia. A questionnaire was administered before and after implementation of the J4L program among 16–17 year old pupils; n = 906 completed baseline measurement, n = 771 completed endline measurement. With a final matched sample of N = 466 (65.5% girls) we conducted a mixed model repeated measures ANOVA.ResultsUnfortunately, only limited and inconsistent results were found. We found that at endline, girls had stronger positive gender equality attitudes than boys; that overall attitudes towards reporting sexual violence were stronger for girls than for boys. However, contrary to our expectations, respondents had more positive attitudes toward child marriage at baseline than at endline.DiscussionInconsistency and non-statistical significance of results limit our ability to draw firm conclusions about the effectiveness of the Journey4Life. We discuss how complex comprehensive sexuality education interventions could best be evaluated, since our study highlights the need for better conceptualization, operationalization and measurement of the interconnection between comprehensive sexuality education and socio-emotional learning.
Finding functionality: Rasch analysis of the Functionality Appreciation Scale in community-dwelling adults in the US
Authors: Feng Sarah , McDaniel Sydney , Van de Winckel Ann 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThe Functionality Appreciation Scale (FAS) measures an individual's appreciation for the functions their body can perform, regardless of the individual's physical limitations. Prior studies reported on internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and exploratory or confirmatory factor analyses, but Rasch analysis has not yet been performed to evaluate the structural validity of the FAS.MethodsWe recruited community-dwelling adults at the Minnesota State Fair and through contact lists of participants identifying interest in research done in the Brain Body Mind Lab (University of Minnesota). Community-dwelling adults with spinal cord injury (SCI) completed the FAS over Zoom. We analyzed the FAS using Rasch Measurement Theory, which produced the following outputs: item, and person fit, targeting, unidimensionality, person separation reliability (PSR), local item dependence (LID), principal component analysis of residuals (PCAR), and differential item functioning (DIF).ResultsWe recruited 567 participants (average age 52.15 ± 17.5 years, 63.84% women), among which 14 adults with SCI. After rescoring 3 items and deleting 1 item, the FAS had good person and item fit (except item 4). The PCAR and subsequent paired t-tests (3.53%) confirmed the unidimensionality of the scale. There was no DIF and only one item pair had LID (item 5–6). PSR was 0.75, reflecting a capacity to differentiate groups of people with high or low functionality appreciation levels. However, there was a significant ceiling effect (28.04%) and the person mean location was 3.06 ± 2.07 logits, indicating the FAS is too easy for community-dwelling adults in the US.DiscussionThe 6-item Rasch-based FAS demonstrated unidimensionality, good item fit (except item 4) and person fit, but the FAS will require more difficult items to be added to improve the targeting of the scale, and better reliability.
Integrated Analysis of Metabolome and Transcriptome Reveals Insights for Low Phosphorus Tolerance in Wheat Seedling
Authors: Li Pengcheng , Ma Xiaole , Wang Juncheng , Yao Lirong , Li Baochun , Meng Yaxiong , Si Erjing , Yang Ke , Shang Xunwu , Zhang Xueyong , Wang Huajun 
Published: October 2023

Low phosphorus (LP) stress leads to a significant reduction in wheat yield, primarily in the reduction of biomass, the number of tillers and spike grains, the delay in heading and flowering, and the inhibition of starch synthesis and grouting. However, the differences in regulatory pathway responses to low phosphorus stress among different wheat genotypes are still largely unknown. In this study, metabolome and transcriptome analyses of G28 (LP-tolerant) and L143 (LP-sensitive) wheat varieties after 72 h of normal phosphorus (CK) and LP stress were performed. A total of 181 and 163 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were detected for G28CK vs. G28LP and L143CK vs. L143LP, respectively. Notably, the expression of pilocarpine (C07474) in G28CK vs. G28LP was significantly downregulated 4.77-fold, while the expression of neochlorogenic acid (C17147) in L143CK vs. L143LP was significantly upregulated 2.34-fold. A total of 4023 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were acquired between G28 and L143, of which 1120 DEGs were considered as the core DEGs of LP tolerance of wheat after LP treatment. The integration of metabolomics and transcriptomic data further revealed that the LP tolerance of wheat was closely related to 15 metabolites and 18 key genes in the sugar and amino acid metabolism pathway. The oxidative phosphorylation pathway was enriched to four ATPases, two cytochrome c reductase genes, and fumaric acid under LP treatment. Moreover, PHT1;1, TFs (ARFA, WRKY40, MYB4, MYB85), and IAA20 genes were related to the Pi starvation stress of wheat roots. Therefore, the differences in LP tolerance of different wheat varieties were related to energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, phytohormones, and PHT proteins, and precisely regulated by the levels of various molecular pathways to adapt to Pi starvation stress. Taken together, this study may help to reveal the complex regulatory process of wheat adaptation to Pi starvation and provide new genetic clues for further study on improving plant Pi utilization efficiency.
Evaluating Phonon Characteristics by Varying the Layer and Interfacial Thickness in Novel Carbon-Based Strained-Layer Superlattices
Authors: Talwar Devki N. , Becla Piotr 
Published: October 2023

Systematic results of lattice dynamical calculations are reported as a function of m and n for the novel (SiC)m/(GeC)n superlattices (SLs) by exploiting a modified linear-chain model and a realistic rigid-ion model (RIM). A bond polarizability method is employed to simulate the Raman intensity profiles (RIPs) for both the ideal and graded (SiC)10-Δ/(Si0.5Ge0.5C)Δ/(GeC)10-Δ/(Si0.5Ge0.5C)Δ SLs. We have adopted a virtual-crystal approximation for describing the interfacial layer thickness, Δ (≡0, 1, 2, and 3 monolayers (MLs)) by selecting equal proportions of SiC and GeC layers. Systematic variation of Δ has initiated considerable upward (downward) shifts of GeC-(SiC)-like Raman peaks in the optical phonon frequency regions. Our simulated results of RIPs in SiC/GeC SLs are agreed reasonably well with the recent analyses of Raman scattering data on graded short-period GaN/AlN SLs. Maximum changes in the calculated optical phonons (up to ±~47 cm−1) with Δ = 3, are proven effective for causing accidental degeneracies and instigating localization of atomic displacements at the transition regions of the SLs. Strong Δ-dependent enhancement of Raman intensity features in SiC/GeC are considered valuable for validating the interfacial constituents in other technologically important heterostructures. By incorporating RIM, we have also studied the phonon dispersions [ωjSLq→] of (SiC)m/(GeC)n SLs along the growth [001] as well as in-plane [100], [110] directions [i.e., perpendicular to the growth]. In the acoustic mode regions, our results of ωjSLq→ have confirmed the formation of mini-gaps at the zone center and zone edges while providing strong evidences of the anti-crossing and phonon confinements. Besides examining the angular dependence of zone-center optical modes, the results of phonon folding, confinement, and anisotropic behavior in (SiC)m/(GeC)n are compared and contrasted very well with the recent first-principles calculations of (GaN)m/(AlN)n strained layer SLs.
Remediation of River Water Contaminated with Whey Using Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands with Ornamental Plants in a Tropical Environment
Authors: Mateo-Díaz Nicolás Francisco , Sandoval Herazo Luis Carlos , Zurita Florentina , Sandoval-Herazo Mayerlin , Nani Graciela , Fernández-Echeverría Eduardo , Fernández-Lambert Gregorio , Martínez-Reséndiz Georgina 
Published: October 2023

The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of horizontal subsurface flow-constructed wetlands (HSSFWs) planted with Hippeastrum striatum and Heliconia lastisphata for the treatment of contaminated river waters by wastewater from the dairy industry (WDI) and domestic wastewater in tropical climates over a study period of 136 days. Cell with a real volume of 780,000 mL and a flow rate of 1.805 mL s−1. The hydraulic retention time was determined to be 5 days. 12 individuals of Hippeastrum striatum were planted at a distance of 20 cm from each other in one cell, while in another cell, 12 individuals of Heliconia spp. were planted. An adaptation period was determined for both species. Subsequently, the experiment was started, and the elimination percentages obtained were as follows: COD: 67.94 ± 1.39%, 63.17 ± 2.63%; TSS: 56.49 ± 5.73%, 48.78 ± 5.87%; N-NH4: 51.06 ± 2.16%, 50.80 ± 1.91%; TN: 44.36 ± 5.73%, 30.59 ± 5.87%; TP: 47.00 ± 5.32%, 35.57 ± 4.06%; DO: 50.23 ± 1.61%, 47.74 ± 1.34%; and pH: 6.81 ± 0.07, 6.52 ± 0.1, for Heliconia lastisphata and Hippeastrum striatum, respectively. These results demonstrate that both macrophyte species can be used for the treatment of wastewater from the dairy industry using HSSFWs; cheese factories could be involved in the development of constructed wetland systems to reduce the environmental impact of the industry.
AZGP1P2/UBA1/RBM15 Cascade Mediates the Fate Determinations of Prostate Cancer Stem Cells and Promotes Therapeutic Effect of Docetaxel in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer via TPM1 m6A Modification
Authors: Wang Hong , Liu Ji , Zhu Xiaojun , Yang Bin , He Zuping , Yao Xudong 
Published: October 2023

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The prostate cancer stem cell (PCSC) model provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of PCa and its therapeutic response. However, the roles and molecular mechanisms of specific genes in mediating fate decisions of PCSCs and carcinogenesis of PCa remain to be elusive. In this study, we have explored the expression, function, and mechanism of AZGP1P2, a pseudogene of AZGP1, in regulating the stemness and apoptosis of PCSCs and treatment resistance of docetaxel in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We revealed that AZGP1P2 was downregulated in CRPC cell lines and PCSCs, while it was positively associated with progression-free interval. Upregulation of the AZGP1P2 enhanced the sensitivity of docetaxel treatment in CRPCs via inhibiting their stemness. RNA pull-down associated with mass spectrometry analysis, co-immunoprecipitation assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that AZGP1P2 could bind to UBA1 and RBM15 as a “writer” of methyltransferase to form a compound. UBA1, an E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme, contributed to RBM15 protein degradation via ubiquitination modification. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation assay displayed that RBM15 controlled the mRNA decay of TPM1 in m6A methylation. Furthermore, a xenograft mouse model and patient-derived organoids showed that the therapeutic effect of docetaxel in CRPC was increased by AZGP1P2 in vivo. Collectively, these results imply that AZGP1P2 mediates the stemness and apoptosis of PCSCs and promotes docetaxel therapeutic effect by suppressing tumor growth and metastasis via UBA1/RBM15-mediated TPM1 mRNA decay in CRPC.
Rhetoric Ambiguity: A Pragmatic Study on Selected Poetic Excerpts
Authors: Salem Rami Jamil 
Published: October 2023

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the rhetoric ambiguity which results from the semantic senses that morphologically similar words have and analyzes some selected poetic excerpts rhetorically and pragmatically.
Methods: A descriptive-analytical approach was used to achieve the aim of the study; by applying the mechanisms of pragmatic theory to uncover the implicit meanings and the deep structure of poetry. Thus, the study analyzes these excerpts in light of the speech acts theory, the implicature theory, the conversational implicature, and contextuality. The study covers two frameworks: a theoretical one in which we define rhetoric ambiguity, and a procedural one in which some poetic examples are analyzed.
Results: The findings indicated that pragmatics is very effective for analyzing the poetic examples, and for uncovering the implicit meanings and the deep structure of poetry, especially in the case of elliptical ambiguity. Moreover, metaphor types that encompass ambiguity differ according to the context. Finally, the study also found that there are rhetorical purposes and implicatures that are determined according to the speech acts in light of the rhetoric ambiguity.
Conclusions: The study recommended carrying out more research about the field of Arabic rhetoric according to the data of new rhetoric (the argument theory). It also recommends casting light on the old rhetoric terms and involoves convincing objectives that make it possible to study and testify according to the argument and pragmatic theories
Death and Immortality Symbolism in Pre- Islamic Poetry
Authors: Nawayseh Abeer Jarad , Adayleh Mohammad Ibrahim 
Published: October 2023

Objectives: The aim of this study is to unveil the vision and imagery of pre-Islamic poetry about death and immortality and how pre-Islamic poets expressed this phenomenon in their poetry. This is explored based on the vision of the nature of death, and thoughts and myths related to it, in the view of pre-Islamic people.
Methods: The study followed the descriptive-analytical approach in tracking the idea of death and immortality in the poetry of the pre-Islamic era.
Results: It was found that the pre-Islamic poet held certain belief about death as an absolute destiny. Also, pre-Islamic poetry showed connections with pre-Islamic religious beliefs, hence, it represents their faith of the idea of recreation and reckoning. In addition, there can be noticed a representation of ancient burial ritual of the Arabs, and the cases of individual and collective death.This poetry also indicated an attempt to find ways to confront death and achieve immortality.
Conclusions: Researchers in the future should give the duality of death and mortality the necessary attention and identify it as a prominent phenomenon in pre-Islamic poetry in particular and Arab poetry in general. This phenomenon (the duality of death and mortality) can be traced in the classical Arabic books. The subject needs a variety of studies analyzing the aspects of death and the other phenomena emerged in this poetry at that time
Surface properties of an InGaZnO4 layer with a monolayer formed using a phosphonic acid: wettability, work function, and thermal stability
Authors: Kitano Yudai , Hattori Yoshiaki , Kitamura Masatoshi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The surface properties of an InGaZnO4 (IGZO) layer with a monolayer formed on the surface using octadecyl phosphonic acid (ODPA) or (1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-heptadecafluorodecyl) phosphonic acid (FDPA) were investigated. Surface roughness, wettability, and work function were investigated using atomic force microscopy, water contact angle measurement, and photoelectron yield spectroscopy, respectively. The reaction time of monolayer formation on an IGZO layer was discussed based on the measured contact angle. An ODPA-monolayer formed at a slightly higher rate than an FDPA-monolayer. The work function measurement provided an estimate of the density of the molecule in the monolayer. Furthermore, the measured contact angle was used to evaluate the thermal stability of a monolayer. The evaluation suggested that annealing above 500 K causes monolayer desorption for both ODPA- and FDPA-monolayers.
EEG connectivity in functional brain networks supporting visuomotor integration processes in dominant and non-dominant hand movements
Authors: Calcagno Alessandra , Coelli Stefania , Corda Martina , Temporiti Federico , Gatti Roberto , Galli Manuela , Bianchi Anna Maria 
Published: October 2023

<p><em><strong>Objective:</strong></em> To explore the changes in the organization of functional brain networks triggered by the execution of a visuo-motor integration task with the dominant and non-dominant hands, as revealed by noninvasive electroencephalographic recordings (EEG) at the sensors level. <em><strong>Methods:</strong></em> EEG data were acquired during the execution of the Nine Hole Peg Test (NHPT) with the dominant and non-dominant hands on a group of 44 right-handed volunteers. Both spectral analysis and phase-based connectivity analysis were conducted in the Theta (ϑ), Mu ( ) and Beta (ß) bands<em>.</em> Moreover, the topological reorganization triggered by motor task execution was explored by means of Graph Theoretical Analysis (GTA). <strong>Results:</strong> Spectral analysis revealed an increase in the contribute of frontoparietal ϑ rhythm and a diffused reduction of µ and ß oscillations, regardless to the side of the body. Graph GTA showed that dominant hand movement is associated with a pronounced increase in ϑ degree and integration, especially in the Frontoparietal Network (FPN) and Attention Network (AN). The µ band was associated with a reduction of network links and integration. This result was more evident for the right-hand movement in the FPN and Sensorimotor Network (SMN), while similar trends were observed in the AN for the two hands. The ß band showed a movement-related decrease in network degree and integration, regardless of laterality and functional network. Furthermore, correlation analysis highlighted an association between frequency-specific topology measures to task performance for both hands. <em><strong>Conclusions:</strong></em> GTA allows for the identification of the main network organization changes associated with visuomotor integration processes. These changes are frequency-dependent and show different trends for the two sides of the body depending on the functional network. <em><strong>Significance:</strong></em> This study contributes to enhance the understanding of brain network modulations associated with visuo-motor integration tasks and experience-dependent motor abilities during motor execution</p>
Studying Word Meaning Evolution through Incremental Semantic Shift Detection: A Case Study of Italian Parliamentary Speeches
Authors: Periti Francesco , Picascia Sergio , Montanelli Stefano , Ferrara Alfio , Tahmasebi Nina 
Published: October 2023

<p>The study of semantic shifts, that is, of how words change meaning as a consequence of social practices, events and political circumstances, is relevant in Natural Language Processing, Linguistics, and Social Sciences. The increasing availability of large diachronic corpora and advance in computational semantics have accelerated the development of computational approaches to detecting such shifts. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to tracing the evolution of word meaning over time. Our analysis focuses on gradual changes in word semantics and relies on an incremental approach to semantic shift detection (SSD) called WiDiD. WiDiD leverages scalable and evolutionary clustering of contextualised word embeddings to detect semantic shifts and capture temporal transactions in word meanings. Existing approaches to SSD (a) significantly simplify the semantic shift problem to cover change between two (or a few) time points, and (b) consider the existing corpora as static. We instead treat SSD as an organic process in which word meanings evolve across tens or even hundreds of time periods as the corpus is progressively made available. This results in an extremely demanding task that entails a multitude of intricate decisions. We demonstrate the applicability of this incremental approach on a diachronic corpus of Italian parliamentary speeches spanning eighteen distinct time periods. We also evaluate its performance on seven popular labelled benchmarks for SSD across multiple languages. Empirical results show that our results are at least comparable to state-of-the-art approaches, while outperforming the state-of-the-art for certain languages. </p>
Lung Grounded-SAM (LuGSAM): A Novel Framework for Integrating Text prompts to Segment Anything Model (SAM) for Segmentation Tasks of ICU Chest X-Rays
Authors: Ramesh Dhanush Babu , Iytha Sridhar Rishika , Upadhyaya Pulakesh , Kamaleswaran Rishikesan 
Published: October 2023

<p>Chest radiography is a commonly utilized imaging technique for acquiring Chest X-Ray (CXR) images due to its cost-effectiveness and its role in diagnosing lung?related disorders. Nevertheless, interpreting CXR images can be challenging, and the process of separating the lung field from CXR images can be a valuable tool for assessing and diagnosing lung diseases. While various segmentation methods exist, this study primarily focuses on META’s latest Segment Anything Model (SAM). SAM is an Artificial Intelligence (AI) model designed to segment objects within an image. This research aims to harness SAM’s capabilities for segmenting CXR images. Additionally, we explore the potential of another novel model called Grounding DINO. Grounding DINO is a zero-shot object detection model that utilizes a Swin (Shifted Windows) transformer for extracting image features and BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) for extracting textual information. It is primarily employed to detect objects in an image based on a provided text prompt, creating bounding boxes around the objects when certain text and box thresholds are met. These bounding boxes are then used as prompts for SAM to generate segmentation masks. The proposed framework has been assessed on CXRs obtained from patients at Emory Hospital in Atlanta, Georgia, USA and further evaluated using NIH clinical center’s CXR image dataset. </p>