bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low PSA radiographic disease progression on C11‐choline PET
Authors: Mahmoud Ahmed M. , Ahmed Mohamed E. , Kendi A. Tuba , Thorpe Matthew , Johnson Geoffrey B. , Riaz Irbaz Bin , Orme Jacob J. , Kwon Eugene D. , Andrews Jack R. , Childs Daniel S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundFor men with prostate cancer, radiographic progression may occur without a concordant rise in prostate‐specific antigen (PSA). Our study aimed to assess the prevalence of radiographic progression using C‐11 choline positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in patients achieving ultra‐low PSA values and to evaluate clinical outcomes in this patient population.MethodsIn a single institution study, we reviewed the prospectively maintained Mayo Clinic C‐11 Choline PET metastatic prostate cancer registry to identify patients experiencing radiographic disease progression (rDP) on C‐11 choline PET scan while the PSA value was less than 0.5 ng/mL. Disease progression was confirmed by tissue biopsy or response to subsequent therapy. Clinicopathologic variables were abstracted by trained research personnel. Overall survival was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Intergroup differences were assessed using the log‐rank test. A univariate and multivariate Cox regression model was performed to investigate variables associated with poor survival after rDP.ResultsA total of 1323 patients within the registry experienced rDP between 2011 and 2021, including 220 (16.6%) men with rDP occurring at low PSA level. A median (interquartile range [IQR]) of 54.7 (19.7–106.9) months elapsed between the time of prostate cancer diagnosis and low PSA rDP, during which 173 patients (78%) developed castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Sites of low PSA rDP included local recurrence (n = 17, 8%), lymph node (n = 90, 41%), bone (n = 94, 43%) and visceral metastases (n = 19, 9%). Biopsy at the time of rDP demonstrated small‐cell or neuroendocrine features in 21% of patients with available tissue. Over a median (IQR) follow‐up of 49.4 (21.3–95.1) months from the time of low PSA rDP, 46% (n = 102) of patients died. Factors associated with poorer survival outcomes include advanced age at rDP, CRPC status, bone and visceral metastasis (p value <0.05). Visceral metastases were associated with decreased overall survival (p = 0.009 by log‐rank) as compared with other sites of rDP.ConclusionsMen with prostate cancer commonly experience metastatic progression at very low or even undetectable PSA levels. Periodic imaging, even at low absolute PSA values, may result in more timely identification of disease progression.
Miniaturization of an enclosed electrospinning process to enhance reproducibility in the fabrication of rapidly dissolving cell‐based biosensors
Authors: Morkus Patrick , Sibbald Stephanie , Choi Lauren , Rassenberg Sarah , Filipe Carlos D. M. , Latulippe David R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThere is broad interest in producing electrospun films embedded with biological materials. It is well known that electrospinning requires careful control of the process conditions, especially the environmental conditions such as relative humidity (RH). Given that commercial electrospinning systems are expensive (> $10,000) and are typically too large to be used in standard biological safety cabinets (BSC), we designed and built a miniaturized electrospinning box (E‐Box) that will fit inside a BSC, and the RH can be easily controlled using simple instrumentation (gas cylinder, regulator, needle valve, rotameter). It uses an inexpensive computerized numerical control machine to control the spinneret positioning and collector rotational speed—all the parts for the device (except the syringe pump and voltage supply) can be purchased for approximately $1000. We demonstrate the usefulness of our design in optimizing the production of Escherichia coli‐embedded pullulan‐trehalose films to be used as rapidly dissolving biosensors for environmental monitoring. At a fixed electrospinning recipe, we showed that decreasing the RH from approximately 48% to 22% resulted in the average fiber diameter increasing from 240 (± 11) nm to 314 (± 8) nm. We also demonstrate the usefulness of our design in performing sequential electrospinning experiments to evaluate process performance reproducibility. For example, from just 1 mL of a polymer solution, we produced 16 electrospun films (approximately 3 cm by 8 cm each)—from those films we hole‐punched approximately 80 biosensor discs which were then used in subsequent experiments to determine the amount of two different biocides (Grotan BK and triclosan) in aqueous samples. The technique developed in this study is ideal for creating electrospun materials in high quantities that are highly reproducible through the precise control of RH.
Designer probiotics: Opening the new horizon in diagnosis and prevention of human diseases
Authors: Debnath Nabendu , Yadav Pooja , Mehta Praveen K. , Gupta Priyamvada , Kumar Deepak , Kumar Ashwani , Gautam Vibhav , Yadav Ashok K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractProbiotic microorganisms have been used for therapeutic purposes for over a century, and recent advances in biotechnology and genetic engineering have opened up new possibilities for developing therapeutic approaches using indigenous probiotic microorganisms. Diseases are often related to metabolic and immunological factors, which play a critical role in their onset. With the help of advanced genetic tools, probiotics can be modified to produce or secrete important therapeutic peptides directly into mucosal sites, increasing their effectiveness. One potential approach to enhancing human health is through the use of designer probiotics, which possess immunogenic characteristics. These genetically engineered probiotics hold promise in providing novel therapeutic options. In addition to their immunogenic properties, designer probiotics can also be equipped with sensors and genetic circuits, enabling them to detect a range of diseases with remarkable precision. Such capabilities may significantly advance disease diagnosis and management. Furthermore, designer probiotics have the potential to be used in diagnostic applications, offering a less invasive and more cost‐effective alternative to conventional diagnostic techniques. This review offers an overview of the different functional aspects of the designer probiotics and their effectiveness on different diseases and also, we have emphasized their limitations and future implications. A comprehensive understanding of these functional attributes may pave the way for new avenues of prevention and the development of effective therapies for a range of diseases.
Heterogeneous distributions in clinical events preceding anticoagulant treatment nonpersistence in patients with venous thromboembolism stratified by active cancer: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Yoon Dongwon , Jeong Han Eol , Choi Songhwa , Lee Daye , Shin Ju‐Young , Bang Soo‐Mee 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundNonpersistence in anticoagulation therapy is common and associated with undesirable clinical outcomes in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE).MethodsWe investigated preceding clinical events of treatment nonpersistence (e.g., switching, discontinuing, or restarting) in VTE patients with and without active cancer using Korean claims database.ResultsClinically significant events including thromboembolic events, hepatic function change and surgery preceded treatment nonpersistence, but heterogeneous distributions of clinical events were observed in the presence of active cancer. Patients with active cancer had a low rate of clinical events preceding treatment nonpersistence, and new active cancer diagnosis in the nonactive cancer group was most common before the switch to parenteral anticoagulants from warfarin or non‐vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs).ConclusionThese findings suggest that clinically significant events can precede treatment nonpersistence and largely paralleled current guidelines for patients with VTE, whereas heterogeneous distributions of clinical events were observed in the presence of active cancer.
Recent Updates on the Antimicrobial Compounds from Marine‐Derived Penicillium fungi
Authors: Li Honghua , Fu Yanqi , Song Fuhang , Xu Xiuli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this review, 72 compounds isolated from marine‐derived Penicillium fungi and their antimicrobial activities are reviewed from 2020 to 2023. According to their structures, these compounds can be divided into terpenoids, polyketides, alkaloids and other structural compounds, among which terpenoids and polyketides are relatively large in number. Some compounds have powerful inhibitory effects against different pathogenic bacteria and fungi. This review aims to provide more useful information and enlightenment for further efficient utilization of Penicillium spp. and their secondary metabolites.
Drug Encapsulation via Peptide‐Based Polyelectrolyte Complexes
Authors: Tabandeh Sara , Ateeq Tahoora , Leon Lorraine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPeptide‐based polyelectrolyte complexes are biocompatible materials that can encapsulate molecules with different polarities due to their ability to be precisely designed. Here we use UV‐Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy to investigate the encapsulation of model drugs, doxorubicin (DOX) and methylene blue (MB) using a series of rationally designed polypeptides. For both drugs, we find an overall higher encapsulation efficiency with sequences that have higher charge density, highlighting the importance of ionic interactions between the small molecules and the peptides. However, comparing molecules with the same charge density, illustrated that the most hydrophobic sequence pairs had the highest encapsulation of both DOX and MB molecules. The phase behavior and stability of DOX‐containing complexes did not change compared to the complexes without drugs. However, MB encapsulation caused changes in the stabilities of the complexes. The sequence pair with the highest charge density and hydrophobicity had the most dramatic increase in stability, which coincided with a phase change from liquid to solid. This study illustrates how multiple types of molecular interactions are required for efficient encapsulation of poorly soluble drugs and provides insights into the molecular design of delivery carriers.
Oxidants Controlled C−H Bond Functionalization of N‐Aryltetrahydroisoquinolines: The Construction of the Quaternary Carbon Center and Cleavage of the C−N Bond
Authors: Chen Yuqin , Zhang Shuwei , Li Tong , Ma Qiyuan , Yuan Yu , Jia Xiaodong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInitiated by triarylamine radical cation salt (TBPA), the direct C−H bond functionalization of α‐N‐aryltetrahydroisoquinoline esters was smoothly realized, giving a series of α‐hydroxylated derivatives with a quaternary carbon center in good yields. Differently, in the presence of tert‐butyl nitrite (TBN), the C−N single bond was cleaved to keto esters. The mechanistic study revealed that these reactions were mediated by a similar mechanism, in which the N‐nitrosation might provide a driving force to the C−N bond cleavage.
Pressure and isothermal compressibility of complex plasmas in the average Wigner–Seitz cell model with regard to nonlinear screening effect
Authors: Martynova Inna , Iosilevskiy Igor 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe consider a two‐component electroneutral equilibrium complex plasma of finite‐sized macroions (each with a charge , ) and point oppositely charged microions with unit charges. We take into account a macroions nonlinear screening effect and obtain system pressure in the Wigner–Seitz average cell model within the framework of the Poisson–Boltzmann approximation. It is shown that the obtained pressure and isothermal compressibility are positive over the entire range of macroions concentrations.
Year effects drive beta diversity, but unevenly across plant community types
Authors: Werner Chhaya M. , Young Truman P. , Stuble Katharine L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractYear of establishment can be a critical driver of plant communities with the establishment stage of community development particularly susceptible to factors including ambient rain, temperature, and other temporally variable drivers (e.g., seed and seedling predators). However, while year effects have been shown to drive community structure at local (patch) scales, it is yet unexplored how these within‐patch effects scale up to drive landscape‐level patterns of biodiversity. These dynamics are likely to be critical but are overlooked in many systems including those with high‐frequency disturbance regimes or active management. Here we leveraged a series of field‐based grassland mesocosms established identically at three sites across 5 years, and each monitored for 4–8 years. We compared the strength of these temporal and spatial drivers (year effects and site effects) on consequent patterns of spatial and temporal variability (beta diversity and turnover) between plots seeded with native perennial species versus those seeded with nonnative annual species. The composition of plots seeded with perennial species showed strong effects of planting year and consequently exhibited higher beta diversity within sites (across mesocosms established in five different years within sites), while plots seeded with annual species had higher between‐site variation but low beta diversity within sites. Plots with annual species were also more temporally variable than plots with perennial species. These findings have important implications for our understanding of key drivers of biodiversity across landscapes. Specifically, we showed that variable trajectories in community composition generated by site and year effects during establishment can promote beta diversity across landscapes dominated by perennial species, but are considerably less impactful in annual‐dominated systems. These findings further our understanding of the importance of assembly dynamics on landscape‐scale patterns of diversity, and have important management implications for restoration efforts.
Scarce resources or damaged goods? On the legitimacy of laid‐off workers following MNC failure
Authors: Andersen Kristina Vaarst , Lorenzen Mark , Nowinska Agnieszka Urszula 
Published: October 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryWe contribute to theorizing global human resource strategy by analyzing the mobility of workers laid off due to the failure of a MNC employer. The job opportunities of laid‐off workers are affected by their industry legitimacy. Focusing on scarce specialized workers, we propose that prospective MNC employers share an interest in retaining such workers' legitimacy. However, in the light of organizational failure, they may suffer from cross‐border legitimacy loss conditioned by their former employer's MNC structure—specifically, their former organizational units or geographical locations. We present an illustrative case study of traders laid off by a spectacular bankruptcy in the global bunker industry. This inspires a discussion of how MNC top management can manipulate worker legitimacy following an organizational failure.Managerial SummaryStrategic hiring of globally mobile scarce specialized workers is central to global human resource strategy. We analyze what drives the legitimacy and mobility of such workers after being laid off by a bankruptcy of their former employer. We demonstrate that laid off workers experience comparatively high legitimacy loss when they were previously assigned to an MNC organizational unit or geographical location where other workers were suspected of being responsible for failure. This weakens their bargaining position vis‐a‐vis a prospective employer. We present an illustrative case study of traders laid off by a spectacular bankruptcy in the global bunker oil industry.
Gynaecological cancer resources for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women: A resource audit
Authors: Kinghorn Mina , Garvey Gail , Butler Tamara L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedAboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women experience considerable disparities in gynaecological cancer outcomes. Accessible and culturally appropriate health promotion resources about gynaecological cancers may support health literacy in this area. This study aimed to determine the understandability, actionability, readability, and cultural relevance of gynaecological cancer health literacy resources for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander consumers, families, and caregivers.MethodsWe conducted a general Google search and targeted searches of Australian gynaecological cancer organisation websites in January and February 2022. Resources were assessed for understandability, actionability and cultural relevance to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander audiences.ResultsWe found 16 resources. The resources were generally understandable, actionable, readable, and culturally relevant, however, most resources were focused on cervical cancer prevention through vaccination and screening. Few resources focused other gynaecological cancer types or aspects of the cancer care continuum. While many resources contained elements that made them culturally relevant, areas for improvement were identified. These included: greater transparency relating to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leadership, governance, and involvement in the development of the resources as well as availability of different resource formats with an emphasis on visual aids.ConclusionsThis study highlighted a need for the development of resources relating to a wider range of gynaecological cancer types and different stages of the cancer care continuum for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women.So What?The development of a broader range of culturally appropriate gynaecological cancer health literacy resources, ideally developed through co‐design with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, may contribute to addressing the disparities in gynaecological cancer outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women.
Put your own “oxygen mask” on first: A behavioral typology of leaders' self‐care
Authors: Chiu Chia‐Yen , Howard Matylda , Lopes Edilene , Kulik Carol T. , Tuckey Michelle R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOrganizational leaders are essential in implementing, interpreting, and even proactively initiating changes for human resource (HR) functions to enhance workplace productivity and well‐being. However, recent studies have cautioned that providing positive and supportive leadership usually drains these organizational leaders. Although the literature has shed light on how leaders can use self‐care strategies to recharge, researchers and HR professionals know relatively little about (1) what specific self‐care actions leaders can take and (2) how external crises such as COVID‐19 constrain leaders' self‐care actions. To identify specific leaders' self‐care behaviors, which we refer to as oxygen masks, we interviewed 41 healthcare managers in Australia during the COVID‐19 pandemic in 2020. We presented a behavioral typology summarizing distinct oxygen masks that leaders used at different points in time. These oxygen masks include improving physical well‐being, improving emotional/spiritual/social well‐being, fulfilling managerial roles, and seeking collegial and organizational support. Moreover, we concluded that the COVID‐19 restrictions made some of these oxygen masks less accessible, negatively impacting leaders' well‐being. Our research conclusions have implications for theory and future studies on extending the literature associated with leadership development, leaders' resilience, and leaders' well‐being. The results also provide HR professionals with practical suggestions about assisting line managers in improving their self‐care and sustaining their leadership effectiveness.
Application of fusion property estimation within the multisolid wax prediction model on Kazakhstani crude
Authors: Ismailova Jamilyam , Abdukarimov Aibek , Delikesheva Dinara , Mombekov Bagdat , Ismailov Abdulakhat 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPrecipitation of deposited wax on pipe walls is one of the complex flow assurance problems that cause a decrease and complete blockage of oil production rates by reducing the cross‐sectional area of the flow in the pipelines. In addition, surface facilities require higher energy consumption and equipment failure due to paraffin plugs. The purpose of the research is to use the assessment of melting properties in the model of multisolid (MS) forecasting of paraffin in Kazakhstani oil. This article presents the calculation and modification of the fusion properties for a certain Kazakhstani oil for the subsequent calculation of the MS model for predicting wax deposition; numerous approaches have been developed to predict and prevent the flow assurance problems in both science and industry. Most of them are based on predicting the temperature of crystallization of paraffin considering the temperature dependence of the solubility parameters of individual components in the liquid and solid phases, as well as the molar volumes of individual components. Wax deposition can occur anywhere from a reservoir to surface facilities and pipelines. One of the main limitations of the existing models is their applicability to a wide range of crude oil types, while this modified paraffin predicting model will target Kazakhstani crude oil.
Physical insight into thermal analysis of magnetohydrodynamic stagnation point flow of micropolar nanofluid across a flexible surface equipped with porous medium and Fourier and Fick's law
Authors: Rasheed Haroon Ur , Shah Qayyum , Khan Jahangir , Abbas Tariq , Khan Waris , Mohmand Muhammad Ismail 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNanofluids represent a novel heat transfer liquid, making them an efficient medium for enhancing energy transmission. Nevertheless, significant knowledge gaps still exist concerning current strategies for improving heat transfer in nanofluids, underscoring the necessity for comprehensive research on these fluid systems. Therefore, this study considered theoretical analysis retrieves the influence of radiative two‐dimensional stagnation point flow of second‐grade micropolar fluid flow about an elongated channel surface implanted in porous media with magnetic effect, and modified heat and mass flux is under consideration. The major novel effect of the current study is to analyze the activation energy and thermal aspect of the system in the presence of nonlinear radiation effects that are considered in the revised mathematical framework by utilizing the boundary layer theory. The resulting set of coupled partial differential equations is further reduced and transformed into a dimensionless system of ordinary differential equations through appropriate scaling invariants. We initiate the RKF‐45 investigation scheme to numerically analyze the transformed dimensionless system, considering relevant parameters. The computational algorithm is implemented using MATLAB programming syntax. Plotted visuals are revealed for leading parameters against pertinent flow profiles graphically and with numerical data. Additionally, the convergence analysis of the numerical results for various flow profiles of the fluids were compared to establish the authenticity of the proposed flow problem. These research findings play a significant role in controlling heat transfer rates and fluid velocities in diverse manufacturing processes and industrial applications, ultimately aiding in achieving the desired product quality.