bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bias‐based bullying, self‐esteem, queer identity pride, and disordered eating behaviors among sexually and gender diverse adolescents
Authors: Lawrence Samantha E. , Watson Ryan J. , Eadeh Hana‐May , Brown Camille , Puhl Rebecca M. , Eisenberg Marla E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveLimited research incorporates an intersectional approach when evaluating disordered eating behaviors among those holding minoritized social positions, such as lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, questioning, and/or transgender/gender diverse (LGBTQ) adolescents. The current study assessed stigma experiences from peers at school, self‐esteem, LGBTQ pride, and overlapping social positions as they relate to disordered eating behaviors among LGBTQ adolescents.MethodParticipants included 11,083 adolescents (Mage = 15.6, SD = 1.3; 34.8% transgender/gender diverse) from a large national survey study of LGBTQ adolescents from 2017. Exhaustive Chi‐square Automatic Interaction Detection analysis was used to identify bias‐based bullying experiences (i.e., weight‐based, identity‐based), self‐esteem, LGBTQ pride, and overlapping social positions (i.e., gender identity, sexual identity, race/ethnicity, body mass index (BMI) percentile) associated with the highest prevalence of unhealthy weight control behaviors, extreme unhealthy weight control behaviors, and past year binge eating.ResultsAdolescents in the 28 identified groups with a high prevalence of disordered eating behavior held at least one structurally marginalized social position (e.g., high BMI), bias‐based bullying experience, low self‐esteem, or low LGBTQ pride in addition to being LGBTQ. Weight‐based bullying was a salient risk‐factor for disordered eating across social positions. Among adolescents with the same social positions, levels of self‐esteem, LGBTQ pride, but no bias‐based bullying experience, prevalence estimates of disordered eating were, on average, 23% lower.DiscussionLGBTQ adolescents with multiple marginalized social positions and related factors engage in disproportionately high prevalence disordered eating. Findings underscore the importance of addressing intersecting experiences of stigma to reduce disordered eating and promote health equity among adolescents.Public significanceMultiply marginalized LGBTQ adolescents, most of whom also reported experiencing bias‐based bullying from peers at school, reported disproportionately high prevalence disordered eating. In comparison groups of adolescents with no bias‐based bullying experience, prevalence of disordered eating was, on average, 24% lower. Findings underscore the importance of addressing intersecting experiences of stigma to reduce disordered eating and promote health equity among adolescents.
Rationale and design of the ESC Heart Failure III Registry – Implementation and discovery
Authors: Lund Lars H. , Crespo‐Leiro Maria Generosa , Laroche Cecile , Garcia‐Pinilla Jose M. , Bennis Ahmed , Vataman Eleonora B. , Polovina Marija , Radovanovic Slavica , Apostolovic Svetlana R. , Ašanin Milika , Gackowski Andrzej , Kaplon‐Cieslicka Agnieszka , Cabac‐Pogorevici Irina , Anker Stefan D. , Chioncel Ovidiu , Coats Andrew J.S. , Filippatos Gerasimos , Lainscak Mitja , Mcdonagh Theresa , Mebazaa Alexandre , Metra Marco , Piepoli Massimo , Rosano Giuseppe M. , Ruschitzka Frank , Savarese Gianluigi , Seferović Petar M. , Iung Bernard , Popescu Bogdan A. , Maggioni Aldo P. ,   for the ESC EORP HF III National Leaders and Investigators
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTAimsHeart failure outcomes remain poor despite advances in therapy. The European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure III Registry (ESC HF III Registry) aims to characterize HF clinical features and outcomes and to assess implementation of guideline‐recommended therapy in Europe and other ESC affiliated countries.MethodsBetween 1 November 2018 and 31 December 2020, 10 162 patients with chronic or acute/worsening HF with reduced, mildly reduced, or preserved ejection fraction were enrolled from 220 centres in 41 European or ESC affiliated countries. The ESC HF III Registry collected data on baseline characteristics (hospital or clinic presentation), hospital course, diagnostic and therapeutic decisions in hospital and at the clinic visit; and on outcomes at 12‐month follow‐up. These data include demographics, medical history, physical examination, biomarkers and imaging, quality of life, treatments, and interventions – including drug doses and reasons for non‐use, and cause‐specific outcomes.ConclusionThe ESC HF III Registry will provide comprehensive and unique insight into contemporary HF characteristics, treatment implementation, and outcomes, and may impact implementation strategies, clinical discovery, trial design, and public policy.
Chirality Generated by Hindered Rotations in Platinum(II)‐Pyridine Complexes
Authors: Stoccoro Sergio , Sini Alessandro , Senzacqua Giacomo , Maidich Luca , Ortu Fabrizio , Zucca Antonio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe reaction oftrans‐[Pt(DMSO)2MeCl] with 2‐alkylsubstituted pyridines pyRaffords a series of complexes of the type [Pt(pyR)(DMSO)MeCl]. These complexes are rare examples of organometallic square‐planar complexes having four different ligands. Of the three possible geometric isomers, only thetrans(N,S)‐[Pt(pyR)(DMSO)MeCl] was observed in solution and isolated in the solid state. However, the lack of chirality typical to square planar geometry can be resolved in several ways one of which is described in this paper.1H NMR studies reveal diastereotopicity of the DMSO methyls, as well as the CH2protons in the ethyl‐ and neopentyl‐pyridine complexes and the methyls in the isopropyl‐pyridine derivative. This observation can be ascribed to restricted rotations around the Pt−N bond, thus resulting in the presence of planar chirality for these complexes. Additionally, large downfield shifts in the1H NMR spectra of the α C−H protons in the pyridine substituents suggested the presence of Pt⋯H−C interactions, confirmedviasingle crystal X‐ray studies in the case of the isopropyl complex [Pt(pyip)(DMSO)MeCl] (4), which shows an apical Pt⋯H interaction with a short 2.585 Å distance. DFT calculations shed light into the stability of these complexes and the influence of the pyridine‐substituent on their chiral configuration.
Why we need to study street‐level policy entrepreneurs
Authors: Cohen Nissim , Arnold Gwen , Petridou Evangelia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn emerging literature argues that street‐level bureaucrats can develop and advocate for policy innovations that change policy in meaningful ways, calling this phenomenon “street‐level policy entrepreneurship.” This argument is at the heart of the present special issue, which features contributions to developing the theoretical underpinnings of street‐level policy entrepreneurship and empirically examining evidence for this phenomenon. While the traditional understanding of street‐level bureaucrats views them as administrative functionaries, lacking motivation or resources for innovation, this new perspective recognizes that street‐level officials' deep knowledge of a given policy domain and involved stakeholders uniquely positions these officials to advocate for policy innovations affecting the domain and its constituents. We urge scholars to take street‐level policy entrepreneurship seriously and to examine questions at the frontiers of our knowledge about these entrepreneurial officials, including what motivates them, what strategies for policy advocacy they find most effective, and how their behaviors are shaped by different institutional contexts.
Headwater stream temperature response to forest harvesting: Do lower flows cause greater warming?
Authors: Moore R. Dan , Guenther S. M. , Gomi Takashi , Leach Jason A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study addressed two hypotheses regarding the relationship between stream temperature response to shade removal and streamflow: (a) that temperature response increases as flow declines and (b) that the relationship can be complicated by shifts in dominant streamflow sources and pathways during low‐flow periods. The study was based on a paired‐catchment design in rain‐dominated headwater catchments in the southern Coast Mountains of British Columbia, Canada, and focused on the effect of a 50% thinning treatment on daily maximum temperature in June, July and August for three sites within the harvest treatment. At the two upstream sites, the treatment response exhibited a negative relationship with daily mean streamflow, especially for days with high incident solar radiation. This result suggests that the effectiveness of forest practice rules for protecting cold‐water habitat may be reduced under future climatic conditions characterized by more frequent extended drought. However, stream temperature response at the most downstream site exhibited a pronounced inverted‐U‐shaped relationship with streamflow measured at a weir. It is hypothesized that the response at the most downstream temperature logger was controlled by the existence of a stable, relatively cool inflow just upstream of the logger, which represented an increasing fraction of flow as streamflow generated higher up in the catchment declined through time. There was a lack of convergent surface topography upstream of the logger, and it is hypothesized that localized inflow may have been controlled by the topography of the soil‐till interface and/or originated as hyporheic discharge.
Factors and processes controlling hydrochemistry and evaporitic deposits in hypersaline wetland‐shallow lake systems
Authors: Acosta Rosario , Carol Eleonora , Borzi Guido , Cellone Francisco , Alvarez María del Pilar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThree wetland‐shallow lakes were studied with the aim of analysing the processes and factors that control hydrochemistry and evaporite deposits in them in basins of the Pampean Plain, Argentina. In this sense, water balances and analysis of the water content of the lakes with normalized water difference index were made, and geologic‐geomorphological characteristics and groundwater flows were defined. Groundwater, surface water and evaporite samples were taken, along with sediment samples from wetland‐shallow lakes and surroundings. In situ pH, electrical conductivity and temperature, and laboratory chemical determinations of major ions of the water were measured. x‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM)‐energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses of evaporite and sediment samples were carried out. The results obtained allow the identification of two different systems. One of them is represented by Leubucó wetland‐lake basin, which is topographically higher and smaller than the other system, with Na‐HCO3 and Na‐Cl/SO4 groundwater inflows, with high concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+. In periods of high evaporation, the regional water table drops, and due to its topographic position, the lake dries. These determine the formation of thick layers of halite associated with magnesium salts on surface, and gypsum layers interbedded with clastic sediments. The other system involves de la Sal and Chasilauquen wetland‐lake basins, which have larger extensions. They receive Na‐HCO3 and Na‐Cl/SO4 groundwater inflow, but with low Mg2+ and Ca2+. Their lower topographic position determines that even during deficit periods, the water table intercepts the lakes surface and therefore, lakes have a shallow surface water level almost all the year, which is hypersaline, Na‐Cl type. These systems only have thin evaporite crusts, composed of halite and thenardite at the edges of the lakes, and the formation of Ca‐Mg sulfates is not observed. It is concluded that topographic position, basins size, geology, groundwater inflow and evaporation are the main processes and factors controlling hydrochemistry and evaporitic deposits.
Association of serum inhibin a with pre‐eclampsia: An observational cohort study with propensity score matching
Authors: Yue Chaoyan , Wang Zhiheng , Cao Wei , Ying Chunmei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess whether serum inhibin A at 14–20 weeks of gestation is associated with the occurrence of pre‐eclampsia.MethodsA retrospective cohort study using propensity score matching was conducted on 11 682 singleton pregnant women with established deliveries at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University between January 2017 and July 2019. We investigated serum inhibin A levels at 14–20 weeks of gestation and calculated the relative risk between inhibin A and pre‐eclampsia by multifactorial logistic regression analysis. Smoothed, fitted curves were used to observe the effect of inhibin A in relation to the occurrence of pre‐eclampsia.ResultsThe risk of pre‐eclampsia occurrence increased with elevated serum inhibin A. After full adjustment for confounders, the risk ratio for pre‐eclampsia in the group of pregnant women with high inhibin A was 2.92 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.08–4.11) compared with those with normal inhibin A. The results of sensitivity analysis suggested a consistent effect of inhibin A on the risk of pre‐eclampsia in different populations.ConclusionElevated serum inhibin A at 14–20 weeks of gestation is associated with pre‐eclampsia and may provide an early warning signal for pregnancy outcomes associated with pre‐eclampsia.
Evaluation of possible neuroprotective effects of virgin coconut oil on aluminum‐induced neurotoxicity in an in vitro Alzheimer's disease model
Authors: Demirel Göksun , Sanajou Sonia , Yirün Anil , Çakir Deniz Arca , Berkkan Aysel , Baydar Terken , Erkekoğlu Pinar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder that affects various cognitive functions, behavior, and personality. AD is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, including exposure to aluminum (Al). Virgin coconut oil (VCO) may have potential as a natural neuroprotectant against AD. Aim of this study was to determine neuroprotective effects of VCO on Al‐induced neurotoxicity in an in vitro AD model. SH‐SY5Y cells were initially cultured in normal growth medium and then differentiated by reducing fetal bovine serum content and adding retinoic acid (RA). Later, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was added along with RA. The differentiation process was completed on the seventh day. Study groups (n = 3) were designed as control group, VCO group, Al group, Al‐VCO group, Alzheimer model (AD) group, AD + Al‐exposed group (AD+Al), AD + VCO applied group (AD + VCO) and AD + Al‐exposed + VCO applied group (AD + Al + VCO). Specific markers of AD (hyperphosphorylated Tau protein, amyloid beta 1–40 peptide, and amyloid precursor protein) were measured in all groups. In addition, oxidative stress parameters (total antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidase, protein carbonyl, and reactive oxygen species) and neurotransmitter‐related parameters (dopamine, dopamine transporter acetylcholine, and synuclein alpha levels, acetylcholinesterase activity) were measured comparatively in the study groups. VCO reduced amyloid beta and hyperphosphorylated Tau protein levels in the study groups. In addition, oxidative stress levels decreased, and neurotransmitter parameters improved with VCO. Our study shows that VCO may have potential therapeutic effects in Alzheimer's disease and further experiments are needed to determine its efficacy.
Anatomical structure characterization of fetal ultrasound images using texture‐based segmentation technique via an interactive MATLAB application
Authors: Molina‐Giraldo Saulo , Torres‐Valencia Natalia , Torres‐Valencia Cristian , Restrepo Hector Fabio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the texture characteristics in several anatomical structures within fetal ultrasound images by applying an image segmentation technique through an application developed in MATLAB mathematical processing software.MethodsProspective descriptive observational study with an analytical component. 2D fetal ultrasound images were acquired in patients admitted to the Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit of the Hospital de San José, Bogotá‐Colombia. These images were loaded into the developed application to carry out the segmentation and characterization stages by means of 23 numerical texture descriptors. The data were analyzed with central tendency measures and through an embedding process and Euclidean distance.ResultsForty ultrasound images were included, characterizing 54 structures of the fetal placenta, skull, thorax, and abdomen. By embedding the descriptors, the differentiation of biologically known structures as distinct was achieved, as well as the non‐differentiation of similar structures, evidenced using 2D and 3D graphs and numerical data with statistical significance.ConclusionThe texture characterization of the labeled structures in fetal ultrasound images through the numerical descriptors allows the accurate discrimination of these structures.
Strategically redefining university dynamics for the digital age: A qualitative approach
Authors: Patrício Lurdes D. , Ferreira João J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDespite the great complexity and the challenges inherent to technological advances that require digital transformation (DT), there is still limited academic guidance for developing and leveraging capabilities during such transformations. However, there is recognition that being or becoming an entrepreneurial higher education institution (HEI) may provide some of the answers to these newly emerging challenges. Based on the HEInnovate self‐assessment tool, developed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development/European Community (OECD/EC), HEIs can assess their entrepreneurial capacities, facilitating a reflection on strengths and weaknesses and raising awareness of institutional development needs. This study aims to enhance our comprehension of how the HEInnovate digital transformation and capability (DTC) dimension effectively reflects the vital characteristics of a university that promotes entrepreneurship and fosters optimal Triple Helix (TH) dynamics and impacts. Based on 15 interviews with TH institutional actors—university, industry, government, and other hybrid entities involved in their networks, we developed a qualitative inductive study that integrates the inputs of TH networks within the framework of developing a practical perspective on this theme. Our research identifies three key areas of focus that are all crucial for ensuring successful DT processes—(a) focus on overcoming the barriers; (b) focus on capitalizing on knowledge; (c) focus on coping with change—facets essential to understanding the role of DTC in securing the overall success of DT processes.
High‐humidity hot‐air impingement blanching conditions for the inhibition of potato‐browning enzymes and for quality retention
Authors: Mowafy Samir , Liu Yanhong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDPotato is an important non‐cereal crop. It provides carbohydrates, a major source of energy in the human diet. Blanching during the processing of fresh fruits and vegetables is essential for their preservation. High‐humidity hot‐air impingement blanching (HHAIB) is a promising emerging technology for pretreating different food materials. This research aimed to identify the optimum HHAIB conditions for the inhibition of potato‐browning enzymes, maintaining their nutritional and physical quality, and to compare this with conventional hot‐water blanching (HWB).RESULTSPolyphenol oxidase (PPO) inactivation, total phenol content (TPC), 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, color, textural attributes, thermal properties, microstructure, and particles crystallinity were evaluated. The relative humidity (RH), temperature, and duration of HHAIB required for PPO inactivation (2.59%) were 50%, 105 °C, and 4 min, respectively, which resulted in a complete gelatigination of potato starches, based on the thermal properties and the microstrcture of the blanched potatoes. These conditions led to improvements in TPC to 312.54 μg GAE.g−1 FP, DPPH scavenging to 1.99 μmol TE.g−1 FP, as well as enhancements in color and crystallinity. When HHAIB was conducted at lower temperatures (85 and 95 °C) there were negative effects on the blanched potatoes' color and crystallinity, along with a non‐safe level of PPO activity.CONCLUSIONHigh‐humidity hot‐air impingement blanching was superior to HWB, inhibiting PPO, maintaining nutrients, and preserving physical properties, especially under the optimum conditions revealed by the principal component analysis. It provides an excellent technique for blanching and pretreating potatoes, preserving them, and maintaining their quality. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
The exogenous application of naringenin and rosmarinic acid modulates functional traits in Lepidium sativum
Authors: Salehi Hajar , Zhang Leilei , Alp‐Turgut Fatma Nur , Arikan Busra , Elbasan Fevzi , Ozfidan‐Konakci Ceyda , Balcı Melike , Zengin Gökhan , Yildiztugay Evren , Lucini Luigi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhenolic modulators have attracted attention for their potential in shaping functional traits in plants. This work investigated the impact of naringenin (Nar) and rosmarinic acid (RA) on the functional properties of Lepidium sativum leaves and roots.ResultsUntargeted metabolomics identified a diverse phenolic profile, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, low molecular weight phenolics, lignans, and stilbenes. Cluster, analysis of variance multiblock orthogonal partial least squares (AMOPLS), and orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA) multivariate analyses confirmed tissue‐specific modulation of bioactive compounds. The tissue was the hierarchically most influential factor, explaining 27% of observed variability, while the treatment and their interaction were statistically insignificant. Thereafter, various in vitro assays were employed to assess antioxidant capacity, including 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline)‐6‐sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), metal chelating ability, and phosphomolybdenum (PMD) assays. Extracts were also tested for inhibitory effects on cholinesterase, amylase, glucosidase, and tyrosinase enzymes. RA application positively impacted antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities, holding valuable implications in shaping the health‐promoting properties of L. sativum.ConclusionThe untargeted metabolomics analysis showed a significant tissue‐dependent modulation of bioactive compounds, determining no synergistic effect between applying phenolic compounds in combination. Specifically, the sole application of RA increased anthocyanins and hydroxyphenyl propanoic acid content on leaves, which was strictly related to enhancing the biological activities. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.