bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
”Sanoja ymmärrän, mutta kokonaisuutta en.” Tapaustutkimus ITQ-kyselyn käytöstä pakolaispotilailla
Authors: Kankaanpää Saija-Liisa , Korkeala Päivi , Solin Pia , Lehti Venla 
Published: January 2025

Pakolaiset ovat kokeneet usein järkyttäviä tapahtumia ja myös kärsivät traumaperäisestä oireilusta kuten traumaperäinen stressihäiriö (PTSD). Traumaoireiden kartoittaminen ei ole aina suoraviivaista eivätkä arviointimenetelmät välttämättä sovellu sellaisenaan pakolaistaustaisille. Vakavasti traumatisoituneilla esiintyy myös monimuotoista stressihäiriötä (Complex PTSD; CPTSD) jota ei aina tunnisteta. International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) monine kieliversioineen voisi auttaa pakolaistaustaisten PTSD:n ja CPTSD:n tunnistamisessa, mutta sen käyttökelpoisuudesta tarvitaan tietoa. Tutkimuksessa arvioitiin ITQ:n arabian- ja darinkielisten versioiden toimivuutta. Kolme pakolaistaustaista potilasta kertoi tulkkivälitteisissä kognitiivisissa haastatteluissa mielipiteitään ITQ:n kysymyksistä. ITQ:n ongelmakohdat painottuivat kaikilla vastaajilla samoihin kohtiin, ja pitäytyminen traumaoireiden kartoituksessa oli haastavaa. ITQ:ssa oli käsitteitä ja kysymyksiä, joita osallistujat eivät ymmärtäneet. Vastaaminen itsenäisesti oli epäluotettavaa, ja se edellytti tulkkien ja haastattelijoiden aktiivista osallistumista. Laadullisesti käytettynä ITQ voi kuitenkin olla hyödyllinen menetelmä. Tutkimus nostaa esiin pakolaistaustaisten potilaiden arvioinnin erityispiirteitä. Tietoa voidaan myös hyödyntää laajempien ITQ:n validiteettia selvittävien tutkimusten suunnittelussa.
The Role of Radiology, Radiological Protection, and Medical Physics in the Diagnosis and Management of Cancer
Authors: Bima Tahani Kamal , Slim Shamma Mohammed , Alyahyawi Alaa Arif , Alghamdi Majed Jamman Awwadh , Alghamdi Adil Saaban , AlhamziI Eyad Dakhil Allah , Alqarni Fahad Ali , Alshammari Salman Abdullah Swailem , Alrashdi Hamed Khalifa Hamed , Alshammary ‏Falah Nazal Fahied 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Cancer is still one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world, and its incidence grows every year due to the expansion of ageing populations and changing environments. This makes diagnosis and management paramount in preventing or else minimizing its effects, while the combination of radiology, radiological protection, and medical physics in oncology care has greatly advanced. These fields have enhanced the early diagnosis, accurate staging, management and therapy control hence improving the prognosis of patients. Aim of work: To explore and analyze the interconnected roles of radiology, radiological protection, and medical physics in the diagnosis and management of cancer. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search in the MEDLINE database's electronic literature using the following search terms: Role, Radiology, Radiological Protection, Medical Physics, Diagnosis, Management, and Cancer. The search was restricted to publications from 2016 to 2024 in order to locate relevant content. We performed a search on Google Scholar to locate and examine academic papers that pertain to my subject matter. The selection of articles was impacted by certain criteria for inclusion. Results: The publications analyzed in this study encompassed from 2016 to 2024. The study was structured into various sections with specific headings in the discussion section. Conclusion: Radiology, radiological protection and medical physics are disciplines that constitute essential contributions for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, providing new opportunities to face challenges. Radiology is the picture-making establishment while radiological protection is the guarantee for radiation safety, and medical physics is the intermediary between technology and medicine. Altogether, they facilitate well-controlled accurate cancer interventions and reemphasize the significance of integrated melanoma treatment constituting rigorous development. These disciplines will undoubtedly propel the advances as oncology develops so that incident detection and treatment is optimized and patient survivability is enhanced.
EFFECT OF EROSION CONTROL METHODS ON THE SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND YIELD OF ONION IN KABBA, NIGERIA
Authors: Ayodele F G , Ogundare S K , Babalola T S , Akande T Y 
Published: January 2025

Field experiments was conducted at the Horticultural Section of Kabba College of Agriculture, in Kabba, Kogi state, Nigeria in 2021 and 2022 seasons. The experiment was laid out in a 6 x 2 factorial in a randomized complete block deign (RCBD). The two factors evaluated were erosion control method and cultivar of onion planted. The erosion control method used were A1= plough + harrow + ridge (P+H+R) (conventional method), A2 =Plough + Harrow twice + plastic polyethylene(sheet cover) (P + H2+ PS), A3 = Plough + Harrow + mulches (P+H+MS), A4 = plough + Harrow twice with raise edges (P+H+RE),A5 = Strip cultivation of onion and cowpea (Strip) and A6 = Use of herbicide (Herb). The varieties of onion used were B1 = Red creole (red) and B2 = white creole (white). Data collection on agronomic parameters includes plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant, crop growth rate and onion yield. Soil physical properties observed were soil bulk density, soil moisture content and soil porosity. From the result of the experiment, plots with mulch materials either polyethylene or grass was better than non- mulch plots. However, erosion control method Plough + Harrow + mulches (A3) gave the highest onion yield (8.67 t/ha). Also, variety B2 gave a yield of 8.78 t/ha better than variety B1. For Optimum production of onion, farmers should grow variety B2 and control soil erosion using erosion control Plough + Harrow + mulches.
The correlation of region-specific lifestyle and subjective perception of oral health with oral health-related quality of life among Tibetan early adolescents in Ganzi: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Duan Shaoying , Tang Renjie , Zhang Chenchen , Su Qianqian , Yang Huiyu , Cai He , Hu Tao 
Published: January 2025

Background
The oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of Tibetan adolescents has been largely overlooked.

Aim
This cross-sectional study examined the association of region-specific lifestyle, subjective perception, and clinician conditions of oral health with Tibetan adolescents’ OHRQoL in Ganzi, Sichuan.

Methods
The OHRQoL was measured using standardized Child Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (sC-OIDP) scores. Binary logistic regression was used to explore the association between region-specific lifestyle, subjective perception of oral health, clinician oral health conditions (gingival bleeding on probing (BOP), dental calculus (DC), and decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT)), and OHRQoL.

Results
In total, 485 Tibetan adolescents were included. In relation to region-specific lifestyle, the factors associated with poorer OHRQoL were residence altitude of 3,300 m (compared to 1,400 m), buttered tea consumption by adolescents or mother, and being a boarding student. Regarding the subjective perception of oral health, adolescents that rated bad or very bad oral health or self-reported dental pain had poorer OHRQoL. Interestingly, clinician oral health conditions were not related to OHRQoL.

Conclusions
This study underscores the relationship between region-specific lifestyle, subjective oral health perceptions, and OHRQoL among Tibetan adolescents. Addressing these factors through tailored health initiatives can play a pivotal role in improving oral health outcomes and overall quality of life in remote regions like Ganzi. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to better understand the causality and long-term impact of targeted interventions.
Interfacial Assembly of 2D Graphene‐Derived Ion Channels for Water‐Based Green Energy Conversion
Authors: Fan Kun , Zhou Shan , Xie Lei , Jia Shenli , Zhao Lihua , Liu Xiangyang , Liang Kang , Jiang Lei , Kong Biao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe utilization of sustained and green energy is believed to alleviate increasing menace of global environmental concerns and energy dilemma. Interfacial assembly of 2D graphene‐derived ion channels (2D‐GDICs) with tunable ion/fluid transport behavior enables efficient harvesting of renewable green energy from ubiquitous water, especially for osmotic energy harvesting. In this review, various interfacial assembly strategies for fabricating diverse 2D‐GDICs are summarized and their ion transport properties are discussed. This review analyzes how particular structure and charge density/distribution of 2D‐GDIC can be modulated to minimize internal resistance of ion/fluid transport and enhance energy conversion efficiency, and highlights stimuli‐responsive functions and stability of 2D‐GDIC and further examines the possibility of integrating 2D‐GDIC with other energy conversion systems. Notably, the presented preparation and applications of 2D‐GDIC also inspire and guide other 2D materials to fabricate sophisticated ion channels for targeted applications. Finally, potential challenges in this field is analyzed and a prospect to future developments toward high‐performance or large‐scale real‐word applications is offered.
Co‐occurring conditions in Down syndrome: Findings from a clinical database
Authors: Baumer Nicole T. , Hojlo Margaret A. , Pawlowski Katherine G. , Milliken Anna L. , Lombardo Angela M. , Sargado Sabrina , Soccorso Cara , Davidson Emily J. , Barbaresi William J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIndividuals with Down syndrome (DS) experience a range of medical and neurodevelopmental conditions, necessitating systematic study of their occurrence and impact on neurodevelopmental outcomes. We describe the prevalence and relationships of medical, neurodevelopmental (ND), and mental health (MH) conditions in children with DS. We created a prospective clinical database of individuals with DS, integrated into the workflow of a specialty Down Syndrome Program at a specialty pediatric referral hospital. Conditions were collected through caregiver‐ and clinician report at clinical visits (N = 599). We calculated frequencies of medical, ND, and MH conditions and then assessed the relationship between medical, ND, and MH conditions using frequencies and comparative statistics. The most frequent co‐occurring conditions were vision (72.5%), ear/hearing (71.0%), gastrointestinal (61.3%), respiratory (45.6%), and feeding (33.6%) problems, with variation in frequency by age. ND and MH conditions were reported in one quarter, most commonly autism spectrum disorder and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Those with ND and MH conditions had greater frequency of medical conditions, with highest rates of vision, ear/hearing, and gastrointestinal issues, and CHD. Systematically collected clinical data in a large cohort of children with DS reveals high prevalence of several co‐occurring medical, ND, and MH conditions. Clinical care requires an understanding of the complex relationship between medical conditions and neurodevelopment.
Lattice Distortion and H‐passivation in Pure Carbon Electrocatalysts for Efficient and Stable Two‐electron Oxygen Reduction to H2O2
Authors: Lin Liangxu , Huang Liang , Wu Chang , Gao Yu , Miao Naihua , Wu Chao , Marshall Aaron T. , Zhao Yi , Wang Jiazhao , Chen Jun , Dou Shixue , Wallace Gordon G. , Huang Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe exploration of inexpensive and efficient catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is crucial for chemical and energy industries. Carbon materials have been proved promising with different catalysts enabling 2 and 4e− ORR. Nevertheless, their ORR activity and selectivity is still complex and under debate in many cases. Many structures of these active carbon materials are also chemically unstable for practical implementations. Unlike the well‐discussed structures, this work presents a strategy to promote efficient and stable 2e− ORR of carbon materials through the synergistic effect of lattice distortion and H‐passivation (on the distorted structure). We show how these structures can be formed on carbon cloth, and how the reproducible chemical adsorption can be realized on these structures for efficient and stable H2O2 production. The work here gives not only new understandings on the 2e− ORR catalysis, but also the robust catalyst which can be directly used in industry.
Optimization of oxygen evolution electrocatalytic activity of metal oxide nanosheet via surface modification
Authors: Sidek Haslinda Binti Mohd , Lee Jihyeong , Jin Xiaoyan , Hwang Seong‐Ju 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA surface modification route to high‐performance oxygen evolution electrocatalysts was developed by immobilization of highly‐oxidized SeO42− species on the surface of exfoliated MnO2 nanosheets. The enhanced stability of tetragonally‐distorted MnO6 octahedron could be achieved by the weakening of axial Mn–O bond due to competition with highly covalent Se6+–O bonds. The selenate anchoring was found to be quite effective in improving the electrocatalyst functionality of MnO2 nanosheets for oxygen evolution reaction, which could be ascribed to the improvement of charge transfer kinetics and the enhancement of Mn3+ stability. This study emphasized that the fine‐control of bonding nature via surface modification with selenate anchoring can offer useful means to explore efficient electrocatalysts.
Hyperemesis gravidarum and eating disorders before and after pregnancy: A register‐based study
Authors: Terävä‐Utti Eeva , Nurmi Miina , Laitinen Linda , Rissanen Tiia , Polo‐Kantola Päivi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveHyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a severe form of excessive vomiting during pregnancy. The connection between psychiatric morbidity and HG has been debated, but only a few studies have focused on eating disorders (EDs). The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between HG and both pre‐pregnancy and new post‐pregnancy EDs.MethodsA register‐based controlled study. HG diagnoses were retrieved from healthcare registers between 2005 and 2017. Women with HG in their first pregnancy resulting in delivery were chosen as cases (n = 4265; the HG group) and women with no HG as controls (n = 302,663; the non‐HG group). The associations between EDs and HG were analyzed by binary logistic regression, adjusted with age, body mass index, smoking, socioeconomic status, and pre‐pregnancy psychiatric diagnoses.ResultsIn the HG group, 1.6% and in the non‐HG group, 0.2% had a pre‐pregnancy ED. Women with ED were more likely to have HG in their first pregnancy compared with women with no history of EDs (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 9.4, 95% CI 6.52–13.66, p < .0001). Moreover, 0.4% of the women in the HG group and 0.1% of the women in the non‐HG group had a new ED diagnosis after pregnancy, and thus the women in the HG group were more likely to have an ED diagnosis after pregnancy (AOR I 3.5, 95% CI 1.71–7.15, p < .001, AOR II 2.7, 95% CI 1.30–5.69, p = .008).DiscussionWe found a bidirectional association between ED and HG, suggesting a shared etiology or risk factors between these disorders. This finding emphasizes the importance of collaboration across various specialties when treating these patients.Public SignificanceOur findings suggest a bidirectional association between HG and EDs before and after pregnancy. This finding provides essential information for healthcare professionals working with pregnant women. As both of these disorders are known to have far‐reaching effects on the lives of both the mother and her offspring, our results help clinicians to target special attention and interventions to the patients suffering from these disorders.
Cavin‐2 promotes fibroblast‐to‐myofibroblast trans‐differentiation and aggravates cardiac fibrosis
Authors: Higuchi Yusuke , Ogata Takehiro , Nakanishi Naohiko , Nishi Masahiro , Tsuji Yumika , Tomita Shinya , Conway Simon J. , Matoba Satoaki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimsTransforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) signalling is one of the critical pathways in fibroblast activation, and several drugs targeting the TGF‐β/Smad signalling pathway in heart failure with cardiac fibrosis are being tested in clinical trials. Some caveolins and cavins, which are components of caveolae on the plasma membrane, are known for their association with the regulation of TGF‐β signalling. Cavin‐2 is particularly abundant in fibroblasts; however, the detailed association between Cavin‐2 and cardiac fibrosis is still unclear. We tried to clarify the involvement and role of Cavin‐2 in fibroblasts and cardiac fibrosis.Methods and resultsTo clarify the role of Cavin‐2 in cardiac fibrosis, we performed transverse aortic constriction (TAC) operations on four types of mice: wild‐type (WT), Cavin‐2 null (Cavin‐2 KO), Cavin‐2flox/flox, and activated fibroblast‐specific Cavin‐2 conditional knockout (Postn‐Cre/Cavin‐2flox/flox, Cavin‐2 cKO) mice. We collected mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from WT and Cavin‐2 KO mice and investigated the effect of Cavin‐2 in fibroblast trans‐differentiation into myofibroblasts and associated TGF‐β signalling. Four weeks after TAC, cardiac fibrotic areas in both the Cavin‐2 KO and the Cavin‐2 cKO mice were significantly decreased compared with each control group (WT 8.04 ± 1.58% vs. Cavin‐2 KO 0.40 ± 0.03%, P < 0.01; Cavin‐2flox/flox, 7.19 ± 0.50% vs. Cavin‐2 cKO 0.88 ± 0.44%, P < 0.01). Fibrosis‐associated mRNA expression (Col1a1, Ctgf, and Col3) was significantly attenuated in the Cavin‐2 KO mice after TAC. α1 type I collagen deposition and non‐vascular αSMA‐positive cells (WT 43.5 ± 2.4% vs. Cavin‐2 KO 25.4 ± 3.2%, P < 0.01) were reduced in the heart of the Cavin‐2 cKO mice after TAC operation. The levels of αSMA protein (0.36‐fold, P < 0.05) and fibrosis‐associated mRNA expression (Col1a1, 0.69‐fold, P < 0.01; Ctgf, 0.27‐fold, P < 0.01; Col3, 0.60‐fold, P < 0.01) were decreased in the Cavin‐2 KO MEFs compared with the WT MEFs. On the other hand, αSMA protein levels were higher in the Cavin‐2 overexpressed MEFs compared with the control MEFs (2.40‐fold, P < 0.01). TGF‐β1‐induced Smad2 phosphorylation was attenuated in the Cavin‐2 KO MEFs compared with WT MEFs (0.60‐fold, P < 0.01). Heat shock protein 90 protein levels were significantly reduced in the Cavin‐2 KO MEFs compared with the WT MEFs (0.69‐fold, P < 0.01).ConclusionsCavin‐2 loss suppressed fibroblast trans‐differentiation into myofibroblasts through the TGF‐β/Smad signalling. The loss of Cavin‐2 in cardiac fibroblasts suppresses cardiac fibrosis and may maintain cardiac function.
Opportunities and limitations of the ChatGPT Advanced Data Analysis plugin for hydrological analyses
Authors: Irvine Dylan J. , Halloran Landon J. S. , Brunner Philip 
Published: October 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) tools, such as ChatGPT, have already changed the way that many industries operate. Much of the recent discussion surrounding AI tools has focused on their ability to generate text and the associated ethical concerns. Recent developments with the ChatGPT Code Interpreter, now called the Advanced Data Analysis plugin, demonstrate that AI's growing abilities in the generation, translation and adaptation of computer scripts also offer significant potential to change the way that data analyses are conducted. We demonstrate the new capabilities of ChatGPT, providing four worked examples of prompt‐based generation of Python scripts to analyse hydrological datasets. Our examples include (1) converting R functions to Python to perform baseflow separation, (2) converting MATLAB functions to Python to ‘web scrape’ temperature data, (3) creating a correlation matrix of major ion groundwater data, and (4) presenting boxplots of river flow data. We discuss the significant opportunities, current limitations and concerns relating to the use of ChatGPT in hydrological data analyses.
Effect of Nebulized Albuterol on Serum Potassium and Cardiac Rhythm in Patients With Asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Dickens George R. , McCoy Andall A. , West Robert , Stapczynski J. Stephen , Clifton G. Dennis 
Published: October 2023

Study Objective. To evaluate the metabolic and cardiopulmonary effects of nebulized albuterol in patients suffering moderate to severe exacerbations of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Design. Open‐label, prospective study.Setting. The emergency department of a university medical center.Patients. Ten patients with moderate to severe exacerbation of asthma.Interventions. Each patient received nebulized albuterol 2.5 mg for approximately 10 minutes.Measurements and Main Results. Serum potassium, heart rate and rhythm, blood pressure, and pulmonary function were measured before treatment and every 15 minutes for 2 hours after treatment. Serum potassium concentrations decreased significantly (p<0.05) within 75 minutes after initiation of treatment, from a baseline value of 4.5 ± 0.6 mEq/L (range 3.5‐5.5 mEq/L) to 3.7 ± 0.5 mEq/L (range 2.8‐4.4 mEq/L) at the end of the collection period (120 minutes). Forced expiratory volume in 1 second significantly increased over time in patients with asthma (p<0.05). No statistically significant changes in blood pressure, heart rate, or corrected QT intervals occurred. Pre‐emergency department use of a β2 ‐agonist by metered‐dose inhaler was not associated with a decreased serum potassium on admission.Conclusions. Nebulized β2‐agonists are generally efficacious and safe in patients with acute bronchospasms. However, close monitoring of serum electrolytes, heart rate, and rhythm in patients at risk (elderly, those with preexisting cardiac disease) is advised before these individuals receive repeat doses by continuous aerosol administration. (Pharmacotherapy 1994;14(6):729–733)
Development and characterization of porous membranes based on PPSU/PES using polyethylene glycol as porogen: Application for cobalt removal by polyelectrolyte‐enhanced ultrafiltration
Authors: Nafti‐Mateur Molka , Jaouadi Mouna , Van der Bruggen Bart , Naifer Karima Horchani , Jellouli Ennigrou Dorra 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this work, a polyphenylsulfone/polyethersulfone (PPSU/PES) composite membrane was successfully prepared using the phase‐inversion method in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a hydrophilic additive. The effect of concentration of PEG (0, 2, 4 and 6 wt%) was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and contact angle analysis.RESULTSThe obtained results confirmed that the morphology and hydrophilicity of the porous membrane varied with the addition of PES as reinforcing agent and the PEG concentration as porogen. SEM results confirmed that the membranes obtained have a high permeability with a finger‐shaped structure and that the size and density of the pores increase with an increase in the incorporated PEG. The contact angle was decreased and the porosity of the PPPn blend membranes was increased from 16.06 for the neat PPSU membrane to 385.3 L h−1 m−2 bar−1 for the PPP6 membrane. A strong interaction between the components (PPSU, PES and PEG) was revealed by FTIR spectroscopy and TGA.CONCLUSIONThe filtration results showed that PPP2 is the better formulation of the dope suspension in the range of ultrafiltration membranes in terms of flux (179.3 L h−1 m−2 bar−1) and bovine serum albumin retention (94%). The application of polyelectrolyte‐enhanced ultrafiltration using polyethylenimine (PEI) for the removal of cobalt ions afforded high removal rates (92.5%). The optimal performances were obtained at pH ≥ 4, transmembrane pressure of 4 bar and 1200 ppm of PEI. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).