bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Farmer card as an instrument for fertilizer direct subsidy on Lombok Island, Indonesia
Authors: Zaini A , Sa’diyah H 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Like other direct subsidies using subsidy cards, direct fertilizer subsidies using farmer cards are believed to be a mechanism for providing subsidies that are more appropriate for target farmers. However, before this policy is widely implemented, it is necessary to carry out a trial phase for its implementation. The trial was carried out in Sekarbela District, Mataram City with the consideration of the availability of relatively complete data on subsidy recipient farmers accompanied by a National Identity Number (NIK). The trial results indicated that the farmers receiving the subsidy were generally young (48-50 years old), had more than 20 years of farming experience, and most of them controlled land of less than 0.5 hectares with ownership, lease or cultivation status. However, most of the farmers (88%) have only elementary school education but are active in preparing the Group Needs Definitive Plan (RDKK). The results of the analysis conclude that the probability of using a Farmer’s Card to obtain subsidized fertilizer is smaller for tenant farmers compared to owning or cultivating farmers. In addition, farmers with a higher level of education have a greater probability of using the farmer’s card as a means of obtaining subsidized fertilizer.
Socio-economic mapping for community empowerment in Mandalika special economic zone, Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Sayuti R H , Taqiuddin M , Hayati  , Evendi A , Hidayati S A , Asri K H , Sopian E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The community’s welfare is anticipated to increase with development in highly prioritized regions of the country’s tourism industry. Studies, however, indicate that this is not always the case. If the process of social engineering is not taken seriously, even poverty will continue to cast a shadow over the neighborhood. What about the Mandalika Special Economic Zone (SEZ), which has been designated as a new area for economic growth and has had expensive tourism amenities constructed? This study aims to map the social and economic state of the neighborhood surrounding the Mandalika Special Economic Zone (SEZ). This study employed mixed methods, which combine quantitative and qualitative techniques. Maps representing the community’s social and economic situations are produced quantitatively. A qualitative approach uses a participative procedure to create a community empowerment model. The study’s findings are: (1) The community’s social and economic situations are underwhelming. Public health infrastructure, such as drinking water facilities, sanitization, and waste disposal, is still subpar. People in SEZ Mandalika still have modest incomes, and many are even considered impoverished. (2) The community’s human, ecological, and cultural resources contribute to its potential. Numerous forms of tourism infrastructure have been constructed. (3) There are five components to the suggested community empowerment model: the government, academia, community, media, and business actors (Penta helix).
Technical efficiency with stochastic production function frontier of seaweed farming in Pantai Amal, Tarakan City
Authors: Jumiati E , Mubarak A , Ismandari T , Amarullah  , Kusnadi E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Efficiency in production is very important to produce optimal production. An important factor in carrying out production efficiency is the use of inputs or production factors so as to produce optimal output. This is often called technical efficiency. The sampling technique was carried out using a non-probability sampling method, while the method or technique used is purposive sampling, with certain considerations, namely: seaweed farmers who have been farming for at least 1 year, the farmer’s age is at least 17 years. The number of samples was carried out by quota as many as 60 seaweed farmers. Methods of data analysis Technical efficiency is analyzed using the stochastic frontier production function, in this case the form of the production function is the Cobb Douglass production function. The results showed (1) the factors that affect the technical efficiency of seaweeds are land area, amount of seeds, labor force, age, education, and farming experience. (2) The average level of technical efficiency of seaweed farmers in Tarakan City in general is 0.974 (efficient). The factor that can reduced technical inefficiency was education. education has a negative relationship and was significant in increasing technical efficiency.
Analysis of corn commodity production and development policy in North Minahasa, North Sulawesi Province
Authors: Sondakh Joula O M , Paat Paulus C , Markus Rawung Jefny B , Lintang Meivie , Layuk Payung , Rembang Janne H W 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
North Minahasa Regency is a corn development area in North Sulawesi, but its production is still low. The aim of the research is to obtain data on corn production systems and their development policies. Survey and FGD data collection techniques. Implementation February - March 2020. Analysis of quantitative data using multiple linear regression. The results showed that farmers are starting to use new superior varieties that have higher potential than local varieties, but the use of cultivation technology is still in accordance with farmers’ habits. The results of the coefficient test, the results of the t test or the sig probability value show that the area of land and labor has a calculated t value of 2.532 and 2.221; bigger than t table (2.064). This means that the variable land area and labor have a significant effect on corn production at α 5%. The potential for the development of this commodity is quite promising, but it is necessary to increase production referring to cultivation technology and product diversification.
Determination of antimicrobial resistance profile of Salmonella enteritidis isolated from chicken and human in Indonesia
Authors: Ariyanti T , Sukatma  , Suhaemi  , Mulyati S , Rachmawati F , Noor SM 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Salmonella enteritidis, a foodborne pathogen, can be transmitted to humans through direct contact with infected livestock or consumption of contaminated chicken food. The excessive use of antibiotic in both animals and humans can lead to the development of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria. The profile of antibiotic resistance was identified by this study. A total of 52 S. enteritidis isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility in the Research Center for Veterinary Science of the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). These isolates were obtained from various source, including chickens (41 isolates), feed (2 isolates) farm water (2 isolates), and humans (7 isolates). The Antimicrobial Sensitivity Test (AST)was performed using the agar diffusion technique (Kirby-Bauer method). The results revealed that S. enteritidis exhibited resistance to 11 antibiotics. The highest resistance rates were observed for Colistine sulphate (75%), Meropenem (67.31%), and Nalidixic acid (67.31%). Other antibiotics to which resistance was observed included Cefotaxime (65.38%), Ampicillin (61.54%), Ceftazidime (50%), Streptomycin (26.92%), Gentamycin (15.38%), Tetracycline (9.62%), Chloramphenicol (5.77%), and Ciprofloxacin (1,92%). It was found that the S. enteritidis isolates were multi-drug resistant, with 73,08% of the isolates showing resistance to 1-5 antibiotics, and 26,92% displaying resistance to 6-10 antibiotics. These findings indicate that the local isolates of S. enteritidis obtained from chickens and humans in this study exhibited resistance to the tested antibiotics, potentially attributed to antibiotic therapy or the spread of resistant strains.
Kabonga Besar mangrove ecosystem health status, Donggala, Indonesia – an analysis of viability versus threats
Authors: Rizal A , Mallombasang S N , Widiastuti I M , Mansyur K , Nirwana  , Fachruddin  , Umar  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Mangrove ecosystem functions mainly to provide habitat for thousands of marine species, prevent erosion and stabilize shore-line. Based on that, this research aims to determine the health status of the mangrove ecosystem located at Kabonga Besar, Donggala, Indonesia, by assessing its viability and threat level. This research was critically important as the mangrove ecosystem is being designated by the Government of Indonesia as a site for recreational use. The method used was qualitative research applying a series of focus group discussions involving interviews and observation. Data collection processes involved observing the ecosystem condition, interviewing key stakeholders, and studying relevant documents. The obtained data, i.e., Key Ecological Attribute covering the aspect of Landscape Context, Condition, and Size, and Threat data were analyzed using The Conservancy’s Framework for Viability and Threats. Viability and Threats were analyzed using the Software Application of CAP v6b. The results show that the viability of the mangrove ecosystem was good, but the threat level was high. To improve the ecosystem, as part of the coastal management, the health status of the site should be enhanced by increasing its viability or decreasing its threat level.
Pesticides affecting the diversity of pollinator insects in cocoa plantations (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Hasriyanty  , Rosmini  , Pasaru F , Mutmainah  , Alimuddin S , Pratiwi M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Pollinating insects play a significant role in the pollination process of cocoa flowers because unpollinated cocoa flowers will fall within 24 hours and fail to develop into fruit and seeds; on the other hand, the presence of pollinators in cacao plants is influenced by cultivation techniques such as the use of pesticides to against pest and disease attacks. This study aims to determine the diversity of pollinating insects in cacao plantations with and without pesticides. The study included field research on cocoa plantations in Rahmat Village, Palolo Sub-district, Sigi Regency. Insect identification was carried out at the Plant Pests and Diseases Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University, Palu. Sampling was carried out in 3 plots measuring 40×40 m² with treatments: application of Chlormite 505 EC insecticide at a dose of 20ml/15L water, Lamda Cyhalothrin 247 ZC insecticide at an amount of 10ml/15L water, and control. In each plot, ten trees were selected for observation. Insect pollinators and flower visitors were collected using yellow pant traps and direct observation. The results of this study found six species of pollinator insects, namely Forcipomyia sp. and Bactrocera sp. from the order Diptera, Lasius niger, Solenopsis invica, and Vespidae from the order Hymenoptera, and Melantis sp. from the order Lepidoptera. Insecticide application affects pollinating insect diversity.
Strategic environmental assessment in Palu Central Sulawesi reflecting water provision profile based on ecosystem services
Authors: Sangadji MN , Rahmatu R , Nursalam  , Rahman A , Kurniawan M , Musbah M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Reconciling development activities with Natural resources conservation has become one of the essential elements in the search for sustainable development. The degradation of Natural resources attributed to human activities through development increase rapidly. This trend is exacerbated by policies encouraging land conversion and natural resource overexploitation, as well as a need for more information about the value of natural resource conservation. Consequently, it can alter the ecosystem and change the natural resources and their functions. Protecting natural resources begins with policymaking, followed by development plans and programs. In this study, describe how the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is a safeguarding tool for controlling natural resource loss in Palu City, Central Sulawesi. Natural resources are one of the vital aspects to be considered in SEA. Development in the central city, opening the land for agriculture on a large scale (plantation), and mining were the main issues that contributed to high risk to the natural resources. Regional development plans and programs assess by predicting, evaluating, and mitigating the environmental impact produced by the development. Our study found that the involvement of multi-stakeholders, Government, legislative, universities, social communities, and nongovernmental organizations successfully collected strategic development goal issues related to natural resources conditions in Palu, Central Sulawesi. Assessment of the plans and programs of development that will contribute to the mitigation of natural resource degradation and decide alternative recommendations for regional development plans and programs. This study demonstrates the integration of SEA in controlling natural resource degradation due to development.
Floristic diversity and threats in new hilly tourist areas: A case study in the Riam Setongah nature tourism area, Lamandau Regency
Authors: Triyadi A , Toni H 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Riam Setongah nature tourism area in Lamandau district, Central Kalimantan province, is a newly developed destination in response to the growing popularity of ecotourism among the younger generation. However, the increase in tourist activity has raised concerns about potential damage to the local flora. The changes in the flora composition have sparked efforts to protect the seven hills, which hold significant cultural value for the Kaharingan community. In order to evaluate the variety of plant species in the area, a combination of line and patch methods were employed. Subplots were systematically created along each trail, and data were collected at tree, stake, sapling, and seedling levels. The Important Value Index was utilized to calculate the dominance of plant species, incorporating metrics such as species density, relative density, species dominance, relative dominance, species abundance, relative abundance, and species diversity. Overall, the Species Richness Index was relatively high, and Species varied across different growth levels. Additionally, the Evenness Index value indicates a relatively balanced distribution of species at each growth level. However, despite the high Evenness Index, the diversity of flora still requires attention. It is important to implement regulations and educational initiatives to mitigate visitor impacts on vulnerable areas.
Physicochemical, physiological and sensory characteristics of tomato fruit edible coating results from various modified sago starches
Authors: Salingkat C A , Noviyanti A , Riska  
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The development of edible coatings as a substitute for plastic is one of the efforts to protect tomato fruit damage by using sago starch (SS) which has been modified with sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP), sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), STMP/STPP ratio: 99/1 and acetic anhydride. The research objective was to obtain modified sago starch concentrations (SS-STMP, SS-STPP, SS STMP/STPP ratio and SS Acetate) based on the physicochemical, physiological and sensory characteristics of edible coating tomatoes. Research using Completely Randomized Design and Randomized Block Design. Edible coating is made by making the modified SS concentration which consists of 7 levels, namely, 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, and 3.0% (w/v) with 3 repeated. The analysis variables include moisture content, total acid, weight loss, storage durability, and sensory. The results showed that the results of edible coating from modified sago starch at concentrations of 2 and 2.5% gave the best physicochemical, physiological and sensory characteristics.
Value added product of pumpkin commodity in the central area of Banyuwangi Regency
Authors: Soetriono  , Soejono Djoko , Maharani Ariq Dewi , Zahrosa Dimas B 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The agricultural industry that is experiencing rapid development is the processing industry of agricultural products which aims to produce new products that are more innovative and ready for consumption by the public. This diversification of food based on local food is very necessary to support the national food security program. In Banyuwangi District has the abundance of pumpkin. Efforts to diversify pumpkin into functional food need to be processed into pumpkin into various food products. The emergence of pumpkin processing industry can play a role as a processing of local resources. The focus of the objectives in this study is to apply appropriate technology in the creation of added value products downstream of pumpkin commodities; and designing strategies for sustainability of sustainability strategies for the development of down pumpkin commodity products in the centre of Banyuwangi regency, both in terms of sustainability, facilities and infrastructure, institutions and policies. Data analysis methods include value added analysis and FFA (Force Field Analysis). The results of this study indicate that the processed products produced include dodol and pumpkin sticks. The sustainable strategy for the development of downstream products for the pumpkin commodity is diversification of food consumption will provide incentives and incentives for the provision of food products that are more diverse and safer for consumption, including local flour-based food products.
Role of 5G Technology in Enhancing Agricultural Mechanization
Authors: Rathinavel S , Kavitha R , Gitanjali J , Saiprasanth Ravuri 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Advanced mechanization strategies such as site specific crop management machinery, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), robotic harvesters relies greatly on the precision technologies and IoT. Present networks (3G/4G), WiFi are in limited availability and bandwidth that cause delays in data transfer (latency) and hinder effective data transfer. But high-speed communication system, reliable and secured data connection is required for precision agriculture, cyber physical management systems and use of IoT in farm operations. Loss of data connection between devices, sensors or data servers’ impacts the precision and effectiveness of technology applied. High data transfer volumes and low latency data exchange were the major advantages of 5G technology, facilitates its use in precision farming and IoT applications in a most efficient way. It also enables the autonomous and robotic machinery for various operations in the aspects of agriculture and livestock production. The major application of 5G in mechanization is control systems for robotic harvesters, drones, autonomous vehicles, surveillance etc. Remote locations such as hill farms has the inherent constraints such as remoteness, marginality, slope etc., remains underutilized, can be developed with advanced communication systems. Even though there are several constraints in adoption of 5G technology, such as shortage in electricity supply, lower range coverage, the technology can ensure raise in agricultural production through mechanization. The chapter discusses the advancements in application of 5G technology in agricultural mechanization.
Bioclimatic aspects of recycled agricultural materials for sustainable green construction
Authors: Jayaraman A , Parthasarathy S , Vignesh S , Aravind R , Keerthika M , Vasudevan M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
There is an increasing awareness for adapting bioclimatic construction practices using agro-based green building materials to reduce the global warming impacts pertaining to the construction sector. In addition, lightweight construction is an emerging field of infrastructural development aiming to reduce the deadweight of the building by employing low density materials. Unlike conventional building blocks, the lightweight materials can be prepared in larger size and integrated easily to reduce the overall cost of construction. However, there is a need to identify cheaper and energy-efficient materials to minimize the net carbon emissions and to optimize the functionalities for any specific applications. The present study deals with the preparation of lightweight panels from agricultural by-products such as coconut fibres and paddy straws by optimizing their mixture proportioning and internal pattern of arrangement after pre-treatment with polyethylene glycol. Based on the test results, the concrete panels made of paddy straw have shown the highest reduction in weight compared to the conventional specimens (by 40%) and specimens with coconut fibre (by 25%). The results indicate that the concrete specimens made of the selected agro-based materials have improved mechanical (strength and durability), thermal and bioclimatic properties. The reduction in carbon emission depicts the critical dependency of bioclimatic construction on the selection of green materials. Therefore, a design methodology for sustainability assessment of agro-based building materials is formulated here in order to justify their suitability as green building materials.
Estimated energy and emissions impacts of pumping Pacific Ocean water to Great Salt Lake
Authors: Sowby Robert B , Williams Gustavious P , South Andrew J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Great Salt Lake in Utah, USA, has receded in recent years. Among many options proposed to augment inflows is a pipeline from the Pacific Ocean. We estimate a lower bound for the ongoing energy requirements, assuming one-third of the recommended additional inflow will be pumped through a single, smooth, large-diameter pipeline along a fictitious, shortest route without mountains, considering only elevation change and head loss. Pumping would require at least 400 megawatts of electricity during operation, an amount equivalent to a large power plant, or 11% of Utah’s annual electricity demand. Given current energy prices and fuel mixes, the electricity would cost over $300,000,000 annually and emit nearly 1,000,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide annually, equivalent to 200,000 passenger vehicles. The figures could easily triple with longer routes, mountainous terrain, higher flows, smaller diameters, multiple pipelines, less-efficient pumps, and any required treatment. Just this one early glimpse reveals serious challenges to the pipeline's completion. Our estimate may help select—or eliminate—alternatives for Great Salt Lake. Any alternative selected for further consideration would require a feasibility study with more details.