bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypereosinophilic vasculitis with Raynaud phenomenon presentation: a case report
Authors: Phuong Duy Le Cao , The Hoa Bui , Duy Quan Vo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Previous case series have reported idiopathic eosinophilic vasculitis as a potential manifestation of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). This condition is characterized by digital necrotizing, systemic vasculitis that affects varying-sized blood vessels. This report presents our experience in treating a patient with eosinophilic vasculitis.

Case presentation
We describe the case of a 23-year-old man who presented with idiopathic HES, which manifested as digital ulcers and peripheral ischemia in both the upper and lower limbs, without the involvement of other organ systems. After ruling out primary and secondary causes of eosinophilia, a diagnosis of HES was established. Our patient has shown a positive response to corticosteroid therapy.

Conclusions
Our case contributes to the existing evidence about diagnosing idiopathic eosinophilic vasculitis in patients with HES. We observed a favorable response to corticosteroid treatment in our patient.
Exploring rehabilitation options and resources of support for stroke survivors in Eldoret, Kenya: qualitative study
Authors: Kingau Naomi Wanjiru 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Stroke is a major cause of death and disability in adults globally. Most post-stroke survivors experience various impairments which requires rehabilitation. Likewise, returning home after a stroke represents challenging moments full of struggle. This study, therefore, explores options of rehabilitation and resources of support for stroke survivors in Eldoret, Kenya.

Method
A qualitative descriptive approach was used to conduct the study. The study utilised semi-structured interviews. Fifteen dyads of stroke survivors (10 men and 5 women; aged 40–75 years) were enrolled from a rehabilitation outpatient clinic (Medical Park Physical Therapy) in Eldoret, Kenya. Interviews were conducted at the patients’ house, and an inductive approach was used to enable thematic content analysis.

Results
Two dominant themes and several categories emerged from the participants; these included the following: (1) rehabilitation services available for stroke survivors and (2) resources of support.

Conclusions
The study found that stroke units are only available at the national hospitals and not accessible to many. Patients receive physiotherapy and occupational therapy services during hospital stay but has poor access post discharge. Transport, distance, and lack of finances have been highlighted as the main challenges. There is scarcity of speech therapist as well as advanced orthotics for stroke rehabilitation. From a clinical perspective, healthcare system should be better structured to accommodate continuity of care post discharge for stroke survivors.
Circulating Levels of Leptin and Lipocalin-2 in Patients With X-Linked Hypophosphatemia
Authors: Simpson Christine A , Santoro Anna Maria , Carpenter Thomas O , Deng Yanhong , Parziale Stephen , Insogna Karl L 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Individuals with X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) are at greater risk for being overweight or obese. Whether there are underlying metabolic abnormalities that put patients with XLH at greater risk for excessive weight gain is largely unknown. Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) has recently received attention as a factor regulating energy consumption and specifically is postulated to be anorexigenic and to improve insulin sensitivity. In a retrospective study, circulating levels of LCN2, leptin, and insulin were measured in 32 patients with XLH, ages 2-60 years, all of whom were being treated with burosumab, and 38 control subjects. Control subjects were chosen who were close in age to those with XLH, with a similar number of participants of each sex. Subjects were analyzed in 3 age cohorts, 2-10 years, 11-18 years, and 20-60 years. In all age groups LCN2 levels were lower in the patients with XLH than in controls but when adjusted for weight class (normal, overweight, obese) the differences were not significant. In contrast, serum leptin levels were significantly lower in children with XLH compared to controls in the 2-10 years age cohort. Serum levels of insulin were also significantly lower in the 2-10-year-old children with XLH when compared with controls.
We conclude that changes in expression of lipocalin-2 in children and adolescents with XLH is unlikely to contribute to their risk for obesity in adulthood. It is unclear if lower circulating levels of leptin in these children plays a role in the higher prevalence of obesity among adults with XLH.
Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Authors: Habib Ali A. , Waheed Waqar 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
This article summarizes the clinical features, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, pathogenesis, and prognosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), with insights into the current and future diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for this neuromuscular syndrome.

Latest Developments
GBS is an acute, inflammatory, immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy that encompasses many clinical variants and divergent pathogenic mechanisms that lead to axonal, demyelinating, or mixed findings on electrodiagnostic studies. The type of antecedent infection, the development of pathogenic cross-reactive antibodies via molecular mimicry, and the location of the target gangliosides affect the subtype and severity of the illness. The data from the International GBS Outcome Study have highlighted regional variances, provided new and internationally validated prognosis tools that are beneficial for counseling, and introduced a platform for discussion of GBS-related open questions. New research has been undertaken, including research on novel diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers, which may lead to new therapies.

Essential Points
GBS is among the most frequent life-threatening neuromuscular emergencies in the world. At least 20% of patients with GBS have a poor prognosis and significant residual deficits despite receiving available treatments. Research is ongoing to further understand the pathogenesis of the disorder, find new biomarkers, and develop more effective and specific treatments.
Autoimmune Axonal Neuropathies
Authors: Tracy Jennifer A. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
This article reviews autoimmune axonal neuropathies, their characteristic clinical features, disease and antibody associations, appropriate ancillary testing, treatment, and prognosis.

Latest Developments
In 2021, the American College of Rheumatology and the Vasculitis Foundation released new summary guidelines for the treatment of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody–associated vasculitides. In addition, novel autoantibodies have been recently identified; they are often paraneoplastic and associated with axonal neuropathies.

Essential Points
Recognition of autoimmune axonal neuropathies is important because of the potential for effective treatment to either reverse deficits or slow the progression of disease. It is necessary to properly assess for associations with other systemic disorders (eg, systemic vasculitis, connective tissue disease, neoplasm) so that adequate treatment for both neurologic and non-neurologic aspects of the disease can be initiated.
Comparative Effectiveness of Early Neurosurgical Intervention in Civilian Penetrating Brain Injury Management
Authors: Mansour Ali , Powla Plamena P. , Fakhri Farima , Alvarado-Dyer Ronald , Das Paramita , Horowitz Peleg , Goldenberg Fernando D. , Lazaridis Christos 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
To compare the outcomes of early vs no-neurosurgical intervention in civilians with penetrating brain injury (PBI).

METHODS:
We collected data from the National Trauma Data Bank for PBI between 2017 and 2019. A total of 10 607 cases were identified; 1276 cases met the following criteria: age 16–60 years, an intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) of >2 days, a Glasgow Coma Scale of 3–12, and at least one reactive pupil on presentation. Patients with withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments within 72 hours were excluded, leaving 1231 patients for analysis. Neurosurgical intervention was defined as an open-approach cranial procedure involving release, drainage, or extirpation of brain matter performed within 24 hours. Outcomes of interest were mortality, withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments, ICU LOS, and dispositional outcome.

RESULTS:
The target population was 1231 patients (84.4% male; median [IQR] age, 29 [18] years); 267 (21.7%) died, and 364 (29.6%) had a neurosurgical intervention within the first 24 hours. 1:1 matching yielded 704 patients (352 in each arm). In the matched cohort (mortality 22.6%), 64 patients who received surgery (18.2%) died compared with 95 (27%) in the nonsurgical group. Survival was more likely in the surgical group (odds ratio [OR] 1.66, CI 1.16-2.38, P < .01; number needed to treat 11). Dispositional outcome was not different. Overlap propensity score–weighted analysis (1231 patients) resulted in higher odds of survival in the surgical group (OR 1.8, CI 1.16-2.80, P < .01). The E-value for the OR calculated from the matched data set was 2.83. Early neurosurgical intervention was associated with longer ICU LOS (median 12 days [7.0, 19.0 IQR] vs 8 days [4.0, 15.0 IQR], P < .05).

CONCLUSION:
Management including early neurosurgical intervention is associated with decreased mortality and increased ICU LOS in matched cohorts of PBI.
Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Cranial and Spinal Hemangioblastomas: A Single-Institution Retrospective Series
Authors: Yoo Kelly H. , Park David J. , Marianayagam Neelan J. , Gu Xuejun , Pollom Erqi L. , Soltys Scott G. , Chang Steven D. , Meola Antonio 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been an attractive treatment modality for both cranial and spinal hemangioblastomas, especially for multiple lesions commonly associated with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. This study aims to provide the largest long-term analysis of treatment efficacy and adverse effects of SRS for cranial and spinal hemangioblastomas at a single institution.

METHODS:
We evaluated the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients with hemangioblastomas treated with CyberKnife SRS at our institute from 1998 to 2022. The follow-up data were available for 135 hemangioblastomas in 35 patients. Twenty-eight patients had 123 hemangioblastomas associated with VHL, and 7 had 12 sporadic hemangioblastomas. The median age was 36 years, and the median tumor volume accounted for 0.4 cc. The SRS was administered with the median single-fraction equivalent dose of 18 Gy to the 77% median isodose line.

RESULTS:
At a median follow-up of 57 months (range: 3-260), only 20 (16.2%) of the VHL-associated and 1 (8.3%) sporadic hemangioblastomas progressed. The 5-year local tumor control rate was 91.3% for all hemangioblastomas, 91.7% among the sporadic lesions, and 92.9% in patients with VHL. SRS improved tumor-associated symptoms of 98 (74.8%) of 131 symptomatic hemangioblastomas, including headache, neck pain, dizziness, visual disturbances, dysesthesia, ataxia, motor impairment, seizures, and dysphagia. Two patients developed radiation necrosis (5.7%), and 1 of them required surgical resection.

CONCLUSION:
SRS is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with hemangioblastomas in critical locations, such as the brainstem, cervicomedullary junction, and spinal cord, and in patients with multiple hemangioblastomas associated with VHL disease.
A cross-sectional audit and survey of Open Science and Data Sharing practices at The Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Sanam , Cobey Kelly D. , Presseau Justin , Alayche Mohsen , Willis Jessie Virginia , Moher David 
Published: October 2023

Background: Open science is a movement and set of practices to conduct research more transparently. The adoption of open science has been recognized to support innovation, equity, and transparency. The Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital (Neuro) has committed to becoming an ‘open science’ institute, the first of its kind in Canada. Here we report on an audit of open data practices in Neuro publications and on a survey of Neuro-based researchers’ barriers and facilitators to data sharing. Methods: In the first study, we retrieved 313 unique publications and collated all Neuro publications from 2019 and extracted information from each article pertaining to data sharing and other open science practices. We included all empirical papers and pre-prints that were reported in English. In the second study, one hundred twenty-four participants (out of 553) completed the survey, with a response rate of 22.42%. We surveyed all Neuro researchers. For the audit, we examined data sharing and open science practices. For the survey, we asked participants questions about their data sharing practices and perceptions. Results: We found that 66.5% of these publications (n=208) included a data sharing statement. Overall, 74.5% (n=155) of articles had data that was publicly available. When examining broader open science practices, rates of compliance tended to be lower. For example, 94.9% (n=297) of publications failed to register a protocol. Among participants who had published a first or last authored paper in the past year, most participants, 53 of 74 (71.62%), reported that they had openly shared their research data. Less than half of the participants, 37.50% (n=45), reported having engaged in training related to data sharing within the last 12 months. Conclusion: We found that half of all publications included in the audit shared data. Participants indicated an appetite for resources for learning about data-sharing signaling a willingness to perform better.
Evaluation of comparative efficacy of cow milk treated Sida Cordifolia oil nasal administration (Ksheerbala Taila Nasya) versus Convolvulus pluricaulis oil nasal administration (Shankapushpi Taila Nasya) in the management of primary insomnia (Anidra)- a trial protocol
Authors: Gautam Dr.Annya , Ade Dr.Vinod 
Published: October 2023

Background: Ayurveda, formerly known as the "Science of Life," is a distinct science and philosophy that aims to achieve comprehensive wellbeing by balancing the psychological, emotional, spiritual, and physical facets of life. The three basic principles listed by Ayurveda to maintain good health are Food (Ahara), sleep (Nindra), and Celibacy (Bramhacharya). According to Ayurveda, it is a strong rigid support of life. Many people today depend on sleeping pills and have developed a dependence on them. Potentially harmful side effects of sleeping drugs include drowsiness during the day, constipation, dizziness, and problems maintaining equilibrium. It is said that a vitiated Vata Dosha sets off the effects of insomnia, hence balancing Vata Dosha can provide relief in the event of Insomnia. Convolvulus Pluricaulis (Shankhpushpi) herb is a memory enhancer that can also be used as a brain tonic to stimulate brain and brain function. According to Ayurveda, the entrance to the brain is through the nose. Nasal administration refers to the practice of administering medication nasally. It is the most important therapy to treat upper clavicular disease. Objective: To study the evaluation of comparative efficacy of cow milk treated sida cordifolia oil nasal administration (Ksheerbala Taila Nasya) versus Convolvulus Pluricaulis Oil Nasal Administration (Shankapushpi Taila Nasya) in the Management of Primary Insomnia (Anidra)-RCT Protocol: In this study, a total of 128 patients will be divided into two groups. In group, A (64 patient) cow milk treated with Sida Cordifoila Oil Nasal Administration will be administered eight drops in each nostril for 15 days. The same will be used for the other 64 patients i.e., group B with Convolvulus Pluricaulis Oil Nasal Administration. Expected result: The result will be assessed on the objective parameter and data will be compared after the treatment.
Education and Intended Number of Children in Germany, Moldova and Norway: An International Comparison Using FReDA and GGS-II-data
Authors: Krapf Sandra , Buber-Ennser Isabella , Bujard Martin 
Published: October 2023

In this study, we compare the intended number of children in Germany, Moldova and Norway in 2020 and 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic. In a first step, we compare the intended number of children (including children born) in the newly available Generations and Gender Survey round 2 (GGS-II) and the German FReDA-GGS data. In a second step, we estimate the number of further intended children with multinomial logistic regression models. The results reveal considerable differences across the three countries. Respondents in Moldova plan to have rather large families (on average 3.3 children, including children born), whereas individuals in Norway and Germany intend to have 2.0 and 1.8 children, respectively. In the multinomial logistic regression analyses, we find differences in the association of educational level and fertility plans by gender and country. In Germany, education is positively related to the intention to have further children. This pattern is more pronounced for women than for men. Furthermore, this association is also found among Norwegian men. In Moldova, we find only weak evidence for this association. For Norwegian women, education and the intention to have further children also seem to be unrelated. While most data about the intended number of children refer to the 2000s or earlier, we contribute to the literature by providing recent insights on the intended number of children in three European countries, including Moldova, a country that is understudied in demographic research.
* This article belongs to a special issue on “Family Research and Demographic Analysis – New Insights from the German Family Demography Panel Study (FReDA)”.
Fiber-end suspended polymer micro-rod inscribed with Bragg grating for highly sensitive ultrasonic detection
Authors: Yin Huanhuan , Shao Zhihua , Wang Ruohui , Qiao Xueguang 
Published: October 2023

A suspended polymer rod grating is fabricated on a fiber end for highly sensitive ultrasonic detection. Initially, the uniform polymer waveguide is prepared via the interconnection of holey fibers and the photopolymerization of an ultraviolet glue. A femtosecond laser point-by-point technique is then employed to form periodic grating structures inside the customized waveguide. A final uncovered micro-rod is achieved based on different corrosion resistances of the polymer waveguide and the fiber cladding. The polymer rod presents uniform morphology and controllable size with the support of the constructed air-hole microchannel. The self-alignment and the self-adhesion between the polymer waveguide and the fiber core contribute to the stable efficient optical coupling at the fiber-to-polymer joint. When applied to ultrasonic waves, the decreased size and low Young’s modulus of the suspended rod provide benefits for the interaction between the polymer grating and the ultrasound strain. This sensor exhibits a noise equivalent pressure of 33 Pa and −10 dB bandwidth of 7.6 MHz. After packing with a waterproof adhesive, the polymer rod shows sufficient robustness for long-term operation. This Letter proposes a new, to the best of our knowledge, strategy for the fabrication of advanced polymer probes in multifunctional sensing.
Usługi ekosystemowe w zarządzaniu układami przyrodniczymi
Authors: RRPR Redakcja czasopisma 
Published: October 2023

Idea przygotowania publikacji, która prezentuje obecny stan wiedzy na temat usług ekosystemowych w Polsce, powstała w związku z realizacją projektu „Usługi świadczone przez główne typy ekosystemów w Polsce – podejście stosowane” (ECOSERV-POL). Książka stanowi swoiste kompendium wiedzy, przedstawiające możliwości praktycznego wykorzystania koncepcji usług świadczonych przez różne ekosystemy, a jednocześnie może być wykorzystywana jako podręcznik na poziomie akademickim i służący zainteresowanym ekspertom-praktykom. Publikacja ukazuje się równolegle w wersji papierowej oraz w wersji elektronicznej na ogólnodostępnej stronie: https://ecoservpol.amu.edu. pl/podrecznik/.
Circadian cycle and neuroinflammation
Authors: Xu Xinzi , Wang Junli , Chen Guohua 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Circadian cycle is a fundamental characteristic of life formed in the long-term evolution of organisms and plays an important role in maintaining the proliferation, migration, and activation of immune cells. Studies have shown that circadian rhythm disorders affect the occurrence and development of neuroinflammation by inducing glial cell activation and peripheral immune responses. In this article, we briefly described the research progress of neuroinflammation and circadian rhythm in recent years and explored the effects and possible mechanism of circadian rhythmicity on microglia, astrocytes, and peripheral immune function.
On the index of minimal 2-tori in the 4-sphere
Authors: Kusner Rob , Wang Peng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this note, we prove that any minimal 2-torus in

S
4

S^{4}

has Morse index at least 6, with equality if and only if it is congruent to the Clifford torus in some great

S
3

⊂

S
4

S^{3}\subset S^{4}

.
For a minimal 2-torus in

S
n

S^{n}

with vanishing Hopf differential, we show that its index is at least

n
+
3

n+3

and that this estimate is sharp: the equilateral 2-torus fully embedded in

S
5

⊂

S
n

S^{5}\subset S^{n}

as a homogeneous minimal surface in

S
n

S^{n}

has index exactly

n
+
3

n+3

.
Das Leben
Authors: Rödl Sebastian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Life and “good” are interchangeable, I think. Life is good, goodness life. Michael Thompson has recovered the understanding of life as goodness for contemporary philosophy. However, he errs in thinking that our life, human life, is a certain kind of life. And so he errs in conceiving the idea of the good by which we live as that of a certain kind of life. The idea of the good by which we live is not an idea, but the idea. This shows that our life is not a life, but the life. This essay develops a series of forms through which “good” is thought: external purpose, organism, external process, generic process. It transpires that they are all incapable of thinking the good which is thought and known in practical thought. This is life beyond the generic process, no natural life, but the life of the spirit.
Gegen Sprachontologie und Sprachpositivismus
Authors: Tränkle Sebastian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This essay defines Theodor W. Adorno’s philosophical language criticism as materialistic. It takes up Max Beck’s discussion of Adorno’s critique of German metaphysical jargon in his paper “Jargon, Bullshit, sinnlos”. However, this essay argues for a twofold critique as being constitutive for Adorno’s approach: It is directed not only at Martin Heidegger’s ontological understanding of language but also at Logical Empiricism’s formalistic understanding of it. Beck’s claim of an affinity between the methods of Adorno and the Vienna Circle is therefore questionable. The first part illuminates the philosophical significance of Adorno’s encounters with the Vienna protagonists. The second part discusses the differences between a formalistic and a materialistic approach: instead of excluding metaphysical expressions as meaningless, Adorno contextualizes them historically and socially. Thus Adorno criticizes early analytic philosophy’s reductive treatment of language and its rigorist understanding of enlightenment. The third part connects the critiques of formalism and of jargon by pointing to their own socio-historical embeddedness. Finally, it argues for the contemporary relevance of such twofold critique.