bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opiskeluasenteiden, sukupuolen ja matematiikan osaamisen yhteydet PISA-tutkimuksessa
Authors: Pulkkinen Jonna , Hiltunen Jenna 
Published: January 2025

Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää, miten opiskeluasenteet, sukupuoli ja matematiikan osaamistaso ovat yhteydessä toisiinsa sekä millaisia ryhmiä oppilaista voidaan muodostaa heidän opiskeluasenteidensa perusteella ja miten ryhmät eroavat toisistaan. Aineistona oli vuoden 2018 PISA-aineisto (N = 5 649). Sukupuolen ja osaamistason yhteyttä opiskeluasenteisiin tarkasteltiin keskiarvoilla ja regressioanalyysilla. Oppilaiden ryhmittelyssä käytettiin latenttia profiilianalyysia, ja ryhmien välisiä eroja tarkasteltiin ristiintaulukoinnilla. Sekä sukupuoli että matematiikan osaamistaso olivat yhteydessä opiskeluasenteisiin. Pojat suhtautuivat myönteisemmin kilpailuun kuin tytöt, kun taas tyttöjen suoritusmotivaatio, koulutuksen arvostaminen ja oppimistavoitteet olivat suurempia. Minäpystyvyydessä sukupuolten välillä ei ollut eroa. Heikoilla osaajilla edellä mainitut asenteet olivat kielteisempiä kuin muilla. Tytöt ja erinomaiset osaajat pelkäsivät epäonnistumista muita enemmän. Sukupuolten välillä ei ollut eroa siinä, miten matematiikan osaamistaso selitti opiskeluasenteita. Opiskeluasenteiden perusteella oppilaista muodostui kolme ryhmää: vähän koulutusta arvostavat (3 %), myönteisesti oppimiseen ja kouluun suhtautuvat (46 %) ja kielteisesti oppimiseen ja kouluun suhtautuvat (52 %). Tytöt olivat yliedustettuina myönteisesti oppimiseen ja kouluun suhtautuvien ryhmässä, kun taas kahdessa muussa ryhmässä enemmistö oli poikia. Vähän koulutusta arvostavien ryhmässä puolet oli heikkoja osaajia.
Nanomaterials‐Based Nanochannel Membrane for Osmotic Energy Harvesting
Authors: Li Shangzhen , Wang Jin , Lv Yongtao , Cui Zheng , Wang Lei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHarvesting clean and renewable osmotic energy through reverse electrodialysis (RED) technology offers a promising solution to address energy crisis problems. The development of nanochannel membranes constructed from diverse nanomaterials plays a crucial role in enabling efficient osmotic energy conversion. In this review, first an overview of the mechanism of the RED process is provided and the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, covering 0D, 1D, and 2D nanomaterials, and the osmotic conversion performances of the constructed nanochannel membranes. Then, the relationship between chemical properties and structural features of nanochannel membranes is specifically highlighted, including surface charge property and geometric structure, and osmotic energy conversion efficiency. Additionally, the introduction of external stimuli, such as light, temperature, pH, external pressure, and changes in electrolyte environments, are also discussed. Finally, the research directions and future challenges in the field of osmotic energy harvesting using nanochannel membranes based on nanomaterials are presented. The focus is on refining the osmotic conversion mechanism, as well as optimizing the structure design.
Distributed manufacturing for electrified chemical processes in a microgrid
Authors: Ramanujam Asha , Constante‐Flores Gonzalo E. , Li Can 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo alleviate the greenhouse gas emissions by the chemical industry, electrification has been proposed as a solution where electricity from renewable sources is used to power processes. The adoption of renewable energy is complicated by its spatial and temporal variations. To address this challenge, we investigate the potential of distributed manufacturing for electrified chemical processes installed in a microgrid. We propose a multiscale mixed‐integer linear programming model for locating modular electrified plants, renewable‐based generating units, and power lines in a microgrid that includes monthly transportation and hourly scheduling decisions. We propose a K‐means clustering‐based aggregation disaggregation matheuristic to solve the model efficiently. The model and algorithm are tested using a case study with 20 candidate locations in Western Texas. Additionally, we define a new concept, “the Value of the Multi‐scale Model,” to demonstrate the additional economic benefits of our model compared with a single‐scale model.
Molecular Engineering of a Metal‐Organic Polymer for Enhanced Electrochemical Nitrate‐to‐Ammonia Conversion and Zinc Nitrate Batteries
Authors: Zhang Rong , Hong Hu , Liu Xinghui , Zhang Shaoce , Li Chuan , Cui Huilin , Wang Yanbo , Liu Jiahua , Hou Yue , Li Pei , Huang Zhaodong , Guo Ying , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMetal–organic framework‐based materials are promising single‐site catalysts for electrocatalytic nitrate (NO3−) reduction to value‐added ammonia (NH3) on account of well‐defined structures and functional tunability but still lack a molecular‐level understanding for designing the high‐efficient catalysts. Here, we proposed a molecular engineering strategy to enhance electrochemical NO3−‐to‐NH3 conversion by introducing the carbonyl groups into 1,2,4,5‐tetraaminobenzene (BTA) based metal‐organic polymer to precisely modulate the electronic state of metal centers. Due to the electron‐withdrawing properties of the carbonyl group, metal centers can be converted to an electron‐deficient state, fascinating the NO3− adsorption and promoting continuous hydrogenation reactions to produce NH3. Compared to CuBTA with a low NO3−‐to‐NH3 conversion efficiency of 85.1 %, quinone group functionalization endows the resulting copper tetraminobenzoquinone (CuTABQ) distinguished performance with a much higher NH3 FE of 97.7 %. This molecular engineering strategy is also universal, as verified by the improved NO3−‐to‐NH3 conversion performance on different metal centers, including Co and Ni. Furthermore, the assembled rechargeable Zn−NO3− battery based on CuTABQ cathode can deliver a high power density of 12.3 mW cm−2. This work provides advanced insights into the rational design of metal complex catalysts through the molecular‐level regulation for NO3− electroreduction to value‐added NH3.
Sustained Hydrogen Spillover on Pt/Cu(111) Single‐Atom Alloy: Dynamic Insights into Gas‐Induced Chemical Processes
Authors: Gu Kaixuan , Lin Sen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHydrogen spillover, involving the surface migration of dissociated hydrogen atoms from active metal sites to the relatively inert catalyst support, plays a crucial role in hydrogen‐involved catalytic processes. However, a comprehensive understanding of how H atoms are driven to spill over from active sites onto the catalyst support is still lacking. Here, we examine the atomic‐scale perspective of the H spillover process on a Pt/Cu(111) single atom alloy surface using machine‐learning accelerated molecular dynamics calculations based on density functional theory. Our results show that when an impinging H2 dissociates at an active Pt site, the Pt atom undergoes deactivation due to the dissociated hydrogen atoms that attach to it. Interestingly, collisions between H2 and sticking H atoms facilitate H spillover onto the host Cu, leading to the reactivation of the Pt atom and the realization of a continuous H spillover process. This work underscores the importance of the interaction between gas molecules and adsorbates as a driving force in elucidating chemical processes under a gaseous atmosphere, which has so far been underappreciated in thermodynamic studies.
Ligninumwandlung durch Funktionalisierung und Netzwerkbildung
Authors: Chandna Sanjam , Olivares M. Carmen A. , Baranovskii Egor , Engelmann Gunnar , Böker Alexander , Tzschucke C. Christoph , Haag Rainer 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLignin, ein komplexes und häufig vorkommendes Biopolymer, das aus pflanzlichen Zellwänden gewonnen wird, hat sich als vielversprechender Rohstoff für eine nachhaltige Materialentwicklung herausgestellt. Aufgrund des hohen Anteils an Phenylpropanoideinheiten, aromatischen Ringen und Hydroxylgruppen ist Lignin ein idealer Kandidat für die Erforschung verschiedener Materialanwendungen. Daher ist die Nachfrage nach der Ligninverwertung zur Entwicklung höherwertiger Produkte deutlich angestiegen. Dieser Kurzaufsatz gibt einen Überblick über die Ligninumwandlung, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf der Funktionalisierung durch chemische und enzymatische Verfahren und deren Anwendung in Polymerharzen, Hydrogelen und Nanomaterialien auf Ligninbasis liegt. Die Funktionalisierung von Ligninmolekülen mit verschiedenen chemischen Gruppen bietet maßgeschneiderte Eigenschaften und eine erhöhte Kompatibilität mit anderen Materialien und erweitert so seine potentiellen Anwendungen. Darüber hinaus führt die Bildung von Netzwerken auf Ligninbasis, entweder durch Vernetzung oder Mischung mit Polymeren, zu neuartigen Materialien mit verbesserten mechanischen, thermischen und Barriereeigenschaften. Es bestehen jedoch weiterhin Herausforderungen in der Optimierung der Funktionalisierungstechniken, dem Erhalt der inhärenten Komplexität von Lignin und der Skalierbarkeit für die industrielle Umsetzung. Das Potential von Lignin ist groß und noch lange nicht ausgeschöpft und man erhofft sich, dass Lignin den Wandel zu umweltfreundlicheren und ressourceneffizienteren Industrien einläuten kann.
Accessing Ta/Cu Architectures via Metal‐Metal Salt Metatheses: Heterobimetallic C−H Bond Activation Affords μ‐Hydrides
Authors: Maiola Michela L. , Buss Joshua A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe employ a metal‐metal salt metathesis strategy to access low‐valent tantalum‐copper heterometallic architectures (Ta−μ2‐H2−Cu and Ta−μ3‐H2−Cu3) that emulate structural elements proposed for surface alloyed nanomaterials. Whereas cluster assembly with carbonylmetalates is well precedented, the use of the corresponding polyarene transition metal anions is underexplored, despite recognition of these highly reactive fragments as storable sources of atomic Mn−. Our application of this strategy provides structurally unique early‐late bimetallic species. These complexes incorporate bridging hydride ligands during their syntheses, the origin of which is elucidated via detailed isotopic labelling studies. Modification of ancillary ligand sterics and electronics alters the mechanism of bimetallic assembly; a trinuclear complex resulting from dinuclear C−H activation is demonstrated as an intermediate en route to formation of the bimetallic. Further validating the promise of this rational, bottom‐up approach, a unique tetranuclear species was synthesized, featuring a Ta centre bearing three Ta−Cu interactions.
Treatment outcomes for children with chronic food refusal in a community behavioral health center
Authors: Roberts Rinita L. , Sakyi Georgina J. , Hickey Scott , Grebe Stacey C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAbnormal patterns of feeding behavior are seen in children with and without developmental disabilities; if not treated early, these patterns may lead to a diagnosis of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). A multitude of treatments for ARFID varying in theoretical orientation, intensity, and modality exist in the literature. Given the potential for complexity in the clinical presentation of ARFID, intensive interdisciplinary treatment programs are often the preferred intervention choice. However, due to the limited availability of these highly controlled settings, underserved populations are often limited to any outpatient feeding therapy that is available locally. This study focused on examining the outcomes of a behavioral outpatient feeding program in a community behavioral health center. Results show that there were statistically significant treatment outcomes when comparing observable feeding behaviors and caregiver satisfaction measures from admission to discharge. Moreover, these gains were maintained at follow‐up supporting the treatment efficacy of such programs.
Synthesis of the A−F Fragment of the Pacific Ciguatoxin CTX3C by Iterative Ring‐Closing Metathesis and Tsuji–Trost Allylation
Authors: Triantafyllakis Myron , Alexander Sam , Woolford Sophie , Wilson Claire , Clark J. Stephen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe fully functionalized A−F fragment of the Pacific ciguatoxin CTX3C has been synthesized from a derivative of D‐glucal, which serves as the B‐ring. Rings A and C were introduced to either side of ring B by ring‐closing diene and enyne metathesis (RCM). The seven‐membered D‐ring and eight‐membered E‐ring were assembled by iterative use of a six‐step reaction sequence in which RCM was used for ring construction and Tsuji–Trost allylation was employed for subsequent stereoselective functionalization. The nine‐membered F‐ring was formed by use of an RCM reaction and bears the functionality required for attachment of the I−M fragment and subsequent closure of rings G and H.
Sexual Health Assessment in Women with Lung Cancer study: Sexual health assessment in women with lung cancer
Authors: Florez Narjust , Kiel Lauren , Meza Kelly , Wei Zihan , Mazzola Emanuele , Velazquez Ana I. , Franco Idalid , Fidler Mary Jo , Elkins Ivy , Feldman Jill , Seaborne Lori , Heisler Christine , King Jennifer C. , Moore Amy , Wiens Jacinta , Kushner David 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundSexual health is understudied and underreported in patients with lung cancer, and most data precede the approval of widely used targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors. The authors sought to evaluate the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women with lung cancer in our current clinical environment.MethodsThis cross‐sectional survey study was administered online to 249 women via the GO2 for Lung Cancer (GO2) Registry, using the Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Sexual Function and Satisfaction Measures questionnaire. Participants were recruited between June 2020 to June 2021. Eligibility criteria included age >18 years, self‐identifying as a woman, fluency in English, and a lung cancer diagnosis within 10 years.ResultsMost (67%) had stage IV lung cancer and 47% were receiving targeted therapy; 66% were undergoing active treatment. Despite 54% of participants reporting “recent” sexual activity, most (77%) indicated having little to no interest in sexual activity and 48% reported recent minimal satisfaction with their sex life. The most common reasons negatively affecting participants' satisfaction with their sex life included fatigue (40%) and feeling sad/unhappy (28%). Common reasons for lack of recent sexual activity included lack of interest (68%) and vaginal dryness or pain (30%). Compared to pre‐diagnosis, women were significantly less likely to have recent interest in sexual activity. In multivariable logistic‐regression, vaginal dryness showed a significant negative association with recent interest in sexual activity.ConclusionsSexual dysfunction is prevalent in women with lung cancer. Sexual health should be integrated into routine care for patients with lung cancer.
Biological risk based on preoperative serum CA19‐9 and histological grade predicts prognosis and improves accuracy of classification in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chang Shaofei , Liu Yaohua , Liang Yuexiang , Man Quan , Li Haorui , Guo Yu , Zhao Tiansuo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundCarbohydrate antigen (CA) 19‐9 and histological grade can serve as indicators of the biological characteristics of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).AimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the combined impact of preoperative CA19‐9 levels and histological grade on prognosis and classification accuracy in PDAC patients.Methods and resultsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on 612 patients with PDAC who underwent curative pancreatectomy, and a biological risk model based on preoperative CA19‐9 levels and histology grade was established. The prognostic importance of the biological risk model was evaluated, and its validity was confirmed through a validation cohort of 218 patients. The survival of patients with PDAC was independently associated with preoperative CA19‐9 levels and histology grade, indicating a biological risk. This biological risk was incorporated into the eighth edition of the TNM staging system, leading to the development of a modified TNM (mTNM) staging system. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrated that the mTNM staging system had a significantly larger area under the curve (AUC) than the TNM staging system. The discriminatory capacity of the mTNM staging system was further validated in an independent cohort.ConclusionBiological risk based on preoperative CA19‐9 and histological grade could predict the survival of patients with PDAC. The incorporation of biological risk into the TNM staging system has the potential to enhance the accuracy of patient classification in PDAC, predicting patient survival and enabling the development of individualized treatment plans.
The evolution of bitter taste receptor gene in primates: Gene duplication and selection
Authors: Feng Ping , Liang Xinyue , Yu Hongling , Dong Xiaoyan , Liang Qiufang , Dai Chuanyin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBitter taste perception plays an important role in preventing animals from digesting poisonous and harmful substances. In primates, especially the Cercopithecidae species, most species feed on plants; thus, it is reasonable to speculate that most of the bitter taste receptor genes (T2Rs) of primates are under purifying selection to maintain the functional stability of bitter taste perception. Gene duplication has happened inT2Rs frequently, and what will be the fate ofT2Rs copies is another question we are concerned about. To answer these questions, we selected theT2Rs of primates reported in another study and conducted corresponding selective pressure analyses to determine what kind of selective pressure was acting on them. Further, we carried out selective pressure analyses on gene copies and their corresponding ancestors by considering several possible situations. The results showed that among the 25 gene groups examined here, 15 groups are subject to purifying selection and others are under relaxed selection, with many positively selected sites detected. Gene copies existed in several groups, but only some groups (clade1_a1‐b2, clade1_c‐c2, clade1_d1‐d3, clade1_f1‐f2,T2R10,T2R13, andT2R42) have positively selected sites, inferring that they may have some relation to functional divergence. Taken together,T2Rs in primates are under diverse selective pressures, and most gene copies are subject to the same selective pressures. In such cases, the copies may be just to keep the function conservative, and more copies can increase the quantity of the bitter taste receptor, raise the efficiency of bitter substance recognition, and finally enhance the fitness of feeding during the evolutionary course of primates. This study can improve our understanding ofT2Rs evolution in primates.
Flower‐like Fe(OH)3 as Sulfur Hosts for High‐Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Wang Jiangle , Du Rui , Yu Chuanbai , Shi Zhangyan , Xu Chengying , Ren Rongting 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLithium‐sulfur batteries are considered one of the next generation potential candidates for electrochemical energy storage devices owing to their high energy density. However, their practical application presents several challenges that need to be addressed. In this study, a flower‐like Fe(OH)3 was obtained using a simple and environmentally friendly one‐step injection method, intended to be used as sulfur host in lithium‐sulfur batteries. The polar hydroxyl groups in Fe(OH)3 capture free polysulfides in the electrolyte via chemisorption and the unique structure of the material physically entraps polysulfides, thus preventing the shuttle effect. Benefiting from functional group and spatial shape advantages, the resultant S@FH electrode yielded an initial capacity of 1187.6 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C. When the batteries are tested for 100 cycles, the reversible capacity remained at 635.2 mAh g−1 and the coulomb efficiency was nearly 100 %.
Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]quinoline‐3,5‐diones through Ag(I) Catalyzed Cyclization of 4‐Hydroxyquinolinyl‐2‐ynones
Authors: Kurian Jais , Manheri Muraleedharan K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn efficient synthetic route to access highly substituted pyrrolo[1,2‐a]quinoline‐3,5‐diones in which the core is formed by fusion of quinolone and pyrrolone moieties is discussed. The method involves Ag(I) catalyzed cyclization of 4‐Hydroxyquinolinyl‐2‐ynones which in turn may be accessed from kynurenic acid derivatives through Weinreb amide intermediate, followed by alkyne addition. Studies involving substrates with different substitution pattern revealed that factors increasing the nucleophilicity of quinoline nitrogen or Lewis acid‐coordination of the ynone unit gives high yields in short reaction times. It was possible to execute tandem cyclization‐arylation sequence by using Pd(II) generated by oxidative addition of Pd(0) with aryl iodide as the electrophilic species to get substitution pattern as seen in Discoipyrrole A.
Evaluation of the Chronic Reproductive Toxicity of a Fluorine-Free Firefighting Foam and a Short-Chain Fluorinated Foam to Northern Bobwhite Quail (Colinus virginianus)
Authors: Hossain Farzana , Dennis Nicole M. , Karnjanapiboonwong Adcharee , Subbiah Seenivasan , Longwell Anna S. , Suski Jamie G. , Salice Christopher J. , Anderson Todd A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The development of fluorine-free firefighting foams has been proposed as a way to reduce the adverse environmental consequences of foams containing per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances. While there are likely fewer environmental and ecological concerns with these new fluorine-free foams in terms of persistence and bioaccumulation, it is prudent to evaluate the ecotoxicity of these fluorine-free foam products given the absence of data. Oral chronic drinking water exposure studies on adult pairs of northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) were conducted with a short-chain fluorinated and a fluorine-free foam: Buckeye Platinum Plus C6 and National Foam Avio Green KHC, respectively, at three exposure concentrations (0.01%, 0.1%, and 0.25%). Adults were monitored for survival, growth, and reproductive output; and chicks were monitored for survival and growth. Growth parameters in adult quail were not affected by exposure to the Buckeye or Avio foam. However, liver lipid content was higher in adult males exposed to the Buckeye foam or the Avio foam at the highest exposure concentrations. Chicks were heavier and had higher growth rates after adult exposure to Avio at the highest exposure level (0.25%) and to Buckeye at the two lowest exposure levels but not at the highest exposure level. The two adverse reproductive effects observed from avian exposure to Buckeye were an increased percentage of cracked eggs and earlier arrested embryonic development. Similarly, chronic exposure to Avio also induced earlier arrested embryonic development. These results show that the fluorine-free foams tested did cause toxicity to bobwhite quail, but whether they pose a risk at contaminated sites requires further laboratory and field study and additional exposure data. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:211–221. © 2023 SETAC