bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
r-Chromatic Number On r-Dynamic Vertex Coloring of Comb Graph
Authors: Sari Heryati Nur Fatimah , Nurwahyu Budi , Massalesse Jusmawati 
Published: January 2024

Let be a graph with vertex set and edge set . An r-dynamic vertex coloring of a graph is a assigning colors to the vertices of such that for every vertex receives at least colors in its neighbors. The minimum color used in r-dynamic vertex coloring of graph is called the r-dynamic chromatic number denoted as . In this research we well determine the coloring pattern and the r-dynamic chromatic number of the comb graph , central graph of comb graph , middle graph of comb graph , line graph of comb graph , sub-division graf of comb graph , and para-line graph of comb graph Let be a graph with vertex set and edge set . An r-dynamic vertex coloring of a graph is a assigning colors to the vertices of such that for every vertex receives at least colors in its neighbors. The minimum color used in r-dynamic vertex coloring of graph is called the r-dynamic chromatic number denoted as . In this research we well determine the coloring pattern and the r-dynamic chromatic number of the comb graph , central graph of comb graph , middle graph of comb graph , line graph of comb graph , sub-division graf of comb graph , and para-line graph of comb graph
Nanobiotechnological approach to stimulate the growth of Astragalus chrysochlorus (Leguminosae) using In-Silico and In-Vivo strategies.
Authors: Alhaithloul Haifa A. S. , Awad Nabil S. , Shoala Tahsin Mansour , Alqahtani Mesfer M. , Alzuaibr Fahad Mohammed , Alasmari Abdulrahman , Abdein Mohamed A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Astragalus chrysochlorus has been used in herbal therapy to increase endurance to nephritis, as a heart tonic, as a hepatoprotective, as a diabetes treatment, and as a treatment for viral infections. Our research study was aiming to investigate the In-Silico and In-Vitro effect of chitosan nanoparticles on the growth hormones of Astragalus spp during callus and micropropagation of shoots and roots stages. The plant tissue culture technique allows for the laboratory reproduction of complete plants, organs, tissues, or cells under controlled laboratory conditions. The addition of phytohormones (natural or synthetic growth regulators) at appropriate stages of development or maturity can then be utilised to influence plant development. Callus induction methods, as well as shoot and root micropropagation protocols, were established on Astragalus trigonus seeds. Molecular docking illustrated that chitosan NPS showed an energy binding of -7.86 kcal/ mol against ERF-1 target site. Chitosan formed seven hydrogen bonds with Glu5, Gln282, Asn9, Lys16, Glu324 and Glu390 with bond lengths of 2.05, 1.95, 2.05, 2.02, 2.01, 1.90 and 1.84 Å. Among the various ratios and mixes of four growth regulators, a mixture of iso-pentenyl adenosine (IPA) and isopentenyladenine (2ip) with concentrations of 0.5mg/L from each resulted in the highest Mean number of shoots (MNS) (17.5%) and Mean shoots length (MSL) (12.5cm) (1.28%). The best mixture was 0.5 IPA plus 0.5mg/L 2ip, which was evaluated on five plant samples; MNS obtained a maximum value of 22.5 within two subcultures, second and third, then 18.8 with the first subculture, 15.8 with the fourth subculture, and 13.8 with the fifth subculture. Also, MLS improved in all five subcultures, although the highest value was 15cm with the second subculture and 13.8cm with the fourth subculture. Auxins such as 1-Naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA) and In-dole-3-butyric acid (IBA) were applied to plant samples, with the maximum rooting reaching 100% and the root length improving to 14.4cm in comparison to the control, where rooting and root length were 74% and 12.6cm, respectively. Ionic gelatination was used to create chitosan nanoparticles in this study. These nanoparticles had an average particle size of roughly 6010 nm and a qua-si-spherical shape. Furthermore, the colloidal stability and surface characteristics of the as-prepared nanoparticles were studied using FT-IR and dynamic light scattering techniques. Chitosan NPs were used in various concentrations (0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4mg/L), The best concentration was 0.5mg/L stimulating rooting with 83.3%, 4.7 root/shoot number and root length 6.4cm.
Comparison of Phytochemicals in naturally grown plants, tissue cultured plants and calli of Stevia rebaudiana using HPLC and GC-MS
Authors: Gunasena M.D.K.M. , Senarath W.T.P.S.K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana is a medicinal plant rich in important phytochemicals including steviol glycosides. Its’ leaves are the source of non-caloric sweet steviol glycosides and stevioside is the main type. In this study leaves of naturally grown, tissue cultured plants and callus extracts of S. rebaudiana were analyzed using HPLC and GC-MS to determine the possibility of obtaining stevioside and other important phytochemicals through in vitro technology. Phytochemical extraction was done using methanol, evaporated using a rotary evaporator and re-dissolved in acetonitrile: deionized water (3:7) ratio solvent mixture. Stevioside contents were analyzed using HPLC system with C18 column. Methanolic extracts of naturally grown plants, tissue cultured plants and calli were screened using GC-MS and compared. According to HPLC analysis, leaves of tissue cultured plants contained highest amount of stevioside content (11.462 ± 0.03 mg/mL) followed by naturally grown plants and calli. Twenty seven important phytochemicals were identified by GC-MS analysis and out of those fourteen compounds were found to be common in all three samples. Results revealed that in vitro cultures can be used as the better alternative to overcome limitations in conventional propagation and can be used to obtain stevioside and other important phytochemicals instead of natural plants. GC-MS analysis of Stevia extracts revealed the presence of terpenes, fatty acids, aldehydes with biological activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflamatory, antioxidant, antimalarial and etc. Bioactivity of those phytochemicals showed the possible use of Stevia extracts in pharmaceutical, food and perfume industries.
Reassess Hospital Costs and Mortality between Myocardial Infarction with and without ST-segment Elevation in a Modern Context
Authors: Ma Honglan , Xu Minmin , Wu Sen , Lu Xing , Cao Jinlong , Cai Tianzhi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) may have higher hospitalization cost and poorer prognosis than non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). This study aimed to investigate the differences in cost and mortality between STEMI and NSTEMI.
Methods
A single center retrospective study was conducted on 1144 patients with 758 STEMI patients and 386 NSTEMI patients from January 1, 2020 to May 30, 2023. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22, and mortality risk factors were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression.
Results
STEMI patients had higher maximal troponin I(15222.5(27.18,40000.00) vs. 2731.5(10.73,27857.25), p <0.001) and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (56(53,59) vs. 57(55,59), p <0.001) compared to NSTEMI patients. The clinical symptoms were mainly persistent or interrupted chest pain/distress either STEMI or NSTEMI patients. While the percentage of persistent chest pain/ chest distress was higher in the STEMI group than in the NSTEMI group (79.68% vs. 54.92%). STEMI patients had a significantly higher risk of combined hypotension than the NSTEMI group (8.97% vs. 3.89%, p = 0.002). And IABP was much more frequently used in STEMI group than in NSTEMI group with statistical difference(2.90% vs. 0.52%, P = 0.015). STEMI patients have higher hospitalization costs (31667(25337.79,39790) vs. 30506.905 (21405.96,40233.75), p = 0.006) and longer hospitalization days (10(8,11) vs. 9(8,11), p = 0.001) compared to NSTEMI patients. Even though STEMI patients had higher mortality at hospital compared to NSTEMI patients, there was no statistical difference (3.56% vs. 2.07%, p = 0.167). Systolic blood pressure and NT-proBNP were risk factors for patient death (OR ≥ 1).
Conclusions
STEMI patients are more likely comorbid cardiogenic shock, heart failure complications with higher hospitalization costs and longer hospitalization days. And relatively more use of acute mechanical circulatory support devices such as IABP.
Trial registration:
The research was retrospectively registered in Chinese clinical trial registry on 22/11/2023(No. ChiCTR2300077885).
Artisanal Mining Triggers Deforestation in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Ladewig Malte , Masolele Robert , Chervier Colas , Angelsen Arild 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The discovery of valuable minerals can stimulate migration into remote forest areas like few other events. But despite the widespread practice of artisanal mining in the Democratic Republic of Congo, its role in the ongoing deforestation in the Congo Basin has not received adequate attention. We address this research gap by investigating how artisanal mining triggers deforestation in the mineral-abundant eastern provinces of the country. Using quasi-experimental methods and new mining data, our analysis shows the spatio-temporal dynamics of forest loss occurring around artisanal mines. We find elevated deforestation spreading at least 5 km from mines and an additional 4.5 percentage points of initial forest area lost 10 years into mining within the same distance. The triggered forest loss from farming and settlement expansion is 25 times larger than the area directly lost to mining, revealing a much larger role played by artisanal mining in deforestation dynamics than previously assumed.
Wetland soil characteristics influence the kinetics of dissolved organic carbon sorption
Authors: Morrissette Hannah K. , Neale Patrick J. , Megonigal J. Patrick , Tzortziou Maria , Canuel Elizabeth A. , Pinsonneault Andrew J. , Hood Raleigh R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Sorption processes at the soil-water interface are observed to be rapid and dominant pathways of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) exchange. However, kinetics data for sorption are sparse, and non-existent for temperate tidal marshes. In this study, sorption rate kinetics experiments were designed to constrain new formulations of a sediment flux model coded to include explicit sorption between soil organic carbon and DOC pools. Batch incubations for marsh soil samples from Taskinas Creek (VA, USA) and Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (MD, USA) were performed anaerobically under four sets of initial conditions: permutations of two salinities (0 psu, 35 psu) and two DOC concentrations (0 mg L-1, 275 mg L-1). Rates were measured at seven time points over 24 hours. These results are the first DOC sorption kinetics data for tidal marsh soils, revealing that 76% of total sorption occurred within 15 minutes. The results also revealed higher capacity for adsorption under high DOC concentrations and salinity, and vice versa, with differences in magnitude between soil types. Numerical models simulating processes from these experiments provided a range of rates by fitting linear first order and non-linear ordinary differential equations to the kinetic change in DOC concentration curves over time. The output suggested that introducing a saturation coefficient improved model fits across all cases. These results provide a deeper understanding of the biogeochemical controls on sorption kinetics and suggest that it is crucial to incorporate sorption processes into sediment flux models to accurately represent DOC fluxes from tidal marshes.
GTalign: High-performance protein structure alignment, superposition, and search
Authors: Margelevicius Mindaugas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

In response to the challenge posed by vast protein structure repositories, GTalign offers an innovative solution to protein structure alignment and search—an algorithm that achieves optimal superposition at unprecedented speeds. Rigorous evaluation across diverse datasets reveals GTalign as the most accurate among structure aligners while presenting orders of magnitude in speedup at state-of-the-art accuracy.
Postpartum women’s knowledge on pregnancy related danger signs, uterotonics and their perceptions on respectful maternity care in 10 selected counties, Kenya
Authors: Muthamia Michael , Nyaga Freda , Kiio Morris , Nyawira Edith , Muia Christine , Ruto Daisy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Post-partum Hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide with 94% of deaths occurring in low resource settings. Awareness on danger signs and expected care may help mothers take early preventive actions during pregnancy. Disrespect and Abuse (D&A) during childbirth is known to contribute to the three delays in maternity care. To create awareness on PPH and danger signs among women, Smiles for Mothers project implemented a package of interventions including dissemination and utilization of client literacy materials, training of community health promoters and strengthening facility health talks. A study to assess postpartum women’s knowledge on pregnancy related danger signs, uterotonics before and after intervention was implemented in 39 health facilities from 10 counties; from July 2021 up to November 2022. For quantitative survey, we interviewed 191 women at baseline and end line; at end line we conducted 20 qualitative interviews. Post-partum women were asked whether they were aware of uterotonics given immediately after delivery; 92 (48.2%) at baseline reported that they were aware compared to 154 (80.6%) (p < 0.001) at end line. The main source of information about uterotonics was healthcare provider during health talk (70.1%) and one on one session (29.9%). At end line, more postpartum women 131 (68.6%), reported that health care provider educated them on how to identify excessive bleeding both at ANC and after delivery compared to baseline 54 (28.3%). The odds of good knowledge of PPH danger signs were four times (AOR = 3.55; 95% CI: 1.76, 7.14) and 13 times (AOR = 12.59; 95% CI: 2.78, 57.04) higher among women aged 26–35 years and 36–46 years respectively, compared to those aged 15–25 years. Awareness on uterotonics among postpartum women at baseline was low. Health care providers are a trusted source of health information among women; there is need to provide them with accurate information. Older women had higher odds of good knowledge; therefore, we recommend age specific considerations during health education. Postpartum women who had attended at least 4 ANC visits had higher odds on knowledge of uterotonics. A small proportion of women reported disrespect and abuse. There is need to eliminate D&A.
North Atlantic chlorophyll blooms enhance terrestrial primary productivity over Europe
Authors: Yang Young-Min , Park Jae-Heung , Park Jong-Yeon , An Soon-Il , Kug Jong-Seong , Yeh Sang-Wook , Kwon Eun-Young , Lee June-Yi , Wang Bin , Li Tim 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The global carbon cycle is strongly influenced by terrestrial productivity and the concentration of plankton in the upper ocean, both of which are sensitive to climate variability1–9. It is therefore plausible that plankton bloom-induced marine heatwaves could modify atmospheric circulation, thereby altering weather and climate patterns over adjacent continents and affecting terrestrial productivity. However, the potential impact of ocean chlorophyll concentration on terrestrial activities and carbon sinks remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the effects of high-latitude North Atlantic chlorophyll blooms on terrestrial productivity and agriculture in Europe, which could contribute to increased carbon sinks. During boreal summer, highs are seen in the North Atlantic Ocean but low in Europe with strong westerlies. When chlorophyll blooms occur, there is an increase in the absorption of shortwave radiation by the ocean surface, leading to further warming of the sea surface temperature (SST). This warming, in turn, intensifies westerly winds that increase moisture transport. The resulting increase in precipitation over Europe accelerates terrestrial productivity by 15–20% during the growing season. Our model results support the significant influence of chlorophyll concentrations over the North Atlantic Ocean on terrestrial productivity in Europe, facilitated by a positive feedback loop involving chlorophyll, SST, atmospheric circulation, and incoming shortwave radiation. Consequently, an increase in future chlorophyll bloom events could enhance the terrestrial ecosystem as a carbon sink, thereby contributing to negative carbon-climate feedback. These results highlight the positive interactions between marine and terrestrial ecosystems and underscore the importance of considering such interactions in future assessments.
Effect of different endometrial preparation protocols on pregnancy outcome of selective blastocyst transplantation
Authors: Yaoia Zhang , Yang Lu , Qiyin Dong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the effect of endometrial preparation methods prior to elective single blastocysttransfer on pregnancy outcome.
Methods
A retrospective case-control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 595 patients who received frozen-thawed embryo transfertreatment from January 2019 to November 2022 in the fertility center of Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, divided into GnRH-a+HRT group(n=213), HRT group(n=149), mNC group(n=233).
Results
The biochemical pregnancy rate and early abortion rate of mNC group were lower than GnRH-a+HRT group and HRT group (P＞0.05). The clinical pregnancy rate of mNC group was higher than GnRH-a+HRT group and HRT group (P＞0.05). The live birth rate in mNC group was significantly higher than that in GnRH-a+HRT group and HRT group (44.2% vs.34.3% vs. 36.2%, P＜0.05). The clinical pregnancy rate of mNC group was higher than GnRH-a+HRT group and HRT group (P＞0.05). The live birth rate in mNC group was significantly higher than that in GnRH-a+HRT group and HRT group (50.0% vs.34.6% vs.38.9%, P＜0.05). The early abortion rate in mNC group was significantly lower than that in GnRH-a+HRT group and HRT group (11.0% vs.26.6% vs.12.2%, P＜0.05).
Conclusion
In freeze-thaw eSBT cycles, especially in high-quality blastocyst transfer cycles, mNC has better pregnancy outcomes than GnRH-a+HRT and HRT. In clinical work, the mNC protocol was suggested to be used to elective single blastocyst transfer cycles.
Is there any Relationship between Cam and Pincer Morphologies of Femoroacetabular Impingement and Hip Osteoarthritis and Pain?: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lamo-Espinosa José María , Mariscal Gonzalo , Gómez-Álvarez Jorge , San-Julián Mikel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Despite previous studies investigating the association between femoroacetabular (FAI) and hip osteoarthritis, the results have been inconsistent, and the association between FAI and hip pain remains unclear. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis to determine the association between cam and pincer morphologies and the risk of hip osteoarthritis and pain, with potential implications for the management of FAI. We conducted a systematic search of four databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Collaboration Library, to screen studies that compared the incidence of hip osteoarthritis and pain outcomes in patients with cam and/or pincer morphology and those without. A meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager version 5.4. We assessed heterogeneity and risk of bias to ensure the validity of the results. Eighteen studies with a pool of 20,316 patients were included. Cam and pincer morphologies were associated with a significant increase in the risk of radiological hip osteoarthritis (OR 2.99, 2.01–4.44). When analyzed separately, cam (OR 3.64, 2.13–6.22) and pincer (OR 2.02, 1.11–3.69) morphologies showed an increased risk of radiological hip osteoarthritis (OR 1.67, 0.85–3.29). However, neither cam nor pincer morphology was associated with increased risk of hip pain. No significant differences were observed between cam morphology and HOOS/HAGOS pain subdomains. We did not find evidence to support the existence of a relationship between cam and Pincer morphology and the presence of pain. The correlation described with the development of osteoarthritis emphasizes the need for conducting longitudinal studies with highly qualified observers.
Deep learning multi-classification heart sound detection method based on high order spectrum and wavelet analysis
Authors: CAI JING 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Heart sound detection is one of the important methods for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, and the use of computer-aided detection can improve the efficiency and accuracy of detection. In this paper, we propose a new heart sound detection method that combines high-order spectrum, wavelet transform, and deep learning-based convolutional neural networks. Firstly, the high-order spectrum and wavelet analysis method are used to extract the features of heart sound signals, which maps the signal into a high-dimensional space, which can effectively mine the nonlinear characteristics of the signal, and retain the time-frequency information of the heart sound signal for multi-resolution analysis, so it can better capture the different frequency components in the heart sound signal. Then, the two-dimensional transformation of the extracted features was sent to the deep learning convolutional neural network for training and classification. The convolutional neural network based on deep learning combines the convolution operation in space and time, which can better capture the spatial and temporal characteristics of heart sound signals, and has higher accuracy and generalization ability. Experimental results on the public heart sound dataset released by Sejong University in 2018 show that the proposed method can achieve a classification accuracy of up to 99%, which has better performance than traditional methods. Therefore, this method has great application potential and can provide strong support for the clinical diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases.