bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning Model Based on Multisequence MRI Images for Assessing Adverse Pregnancy Outcome in Placenta Accreta
Authors: Zong Ming , Pei Xinlong , Yan Kun , Luo Deng , Zhao Yangyu , Wang Ping , Chen Lian 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundPreoperative assessment of adverse outcomes risk in placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders is of high clinical relevance for perioperative management and prognosis.PurposeTo investigate the association of preoperative MRI multisequence images and adverse pregnancy outcomes by establishing a deep learning model in patients with PAS.Study TypeRetrospective.Population323 pregnant women (age from 20 to 46, the median age is 33), suspected of PAS, underwent MRI to assess the PAS, divided into the training (N = 227) and validation datasets (N = 96).Field Strength/Sequence1.5T scanner/fast imaging employing steady‐state acquisition sequence and single shot fast spin echo sequence.AssessmentDifferent deep learning models (i.e., with single MRI input sequence/two sequences/multisequence) were compared to assess the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, which defined as intraoperative bleeding ≥1500 mL and/or hysterectomy. Net reclassification improvement (NRI) was used for quantitative comparison of assessing adverse pregnancy outcome between different models.Statistical TestsThe AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were used for evaluation. The Shapiro–Wilk test and t‐test were used. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results215 cases were invasive placenta accreta (67.44% of them with adverse outcomes) and 108 cases were non‐invasive placenta accreta (9.25% of them with adverse outcomes). The model with four sequences assessed adverse pregnancy outcomes with AUC of 0.8792 (95% CI, 0.8645–0.8939), with ACC of 85.93% (95%, 84.43%–87.43%), with SEN of 86.24% (95% CI, 82.46%–90.02%), and with SPC of 85.62% (95%, 82.00%–89.23%) on the test cohort. The performance of model with four sequences improved above 0.10 comparing with that of model with two sequences and above 0.20 comparing with that of model with single sequence in terms of NRI.Data ConclusionThe proposed model showed good diagnostic performance for assessing adverse pregnancy outcomes.Level of Evidence3Technical EfficacyStage 2
Amide Proton Transfer‐Weighted Imaging and Multiple Models Intravoxel Incoherent Motion‐Based 18F‐FDG PET/MRI for Predicting Progression‐Free Survival in Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Meng Nan , Jiang Han , Sun Jing , Shen Lei , Wang Xinhui , Zhou Yihang , Wu Yaping , Fu Fangfang , Yuan Jianmin , Yang Yang , Wang Zhe , Wang Meiyun 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundAmide proton transfer‐weighted imaging (APTWI) and multiple models intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) based 18F‐FDG PET/MR could reflect the microscopic information of the tumor from multiple perspectives. However, its value in the prognostic assessment of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) still needs to be further explored.PurposeTo determine whether pretreatment APTWI, mono‐, bi‐, and stretched‐exponential model IVIM, and 18F‐FDG PET‐derived parameters of the primary lesion may be associated with progression‐free survival (PFS) in NSCLC.Study TypeProspective.PopulationSeventy‐seven patients (mean age, 62 years, range, 20–81 years) with 37 men and 40 women were included.Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T 18F‐FDG PET/MRI, single shot echo planar imaging sequences for IVIM and fast spin‐echo sequences with magnetization transfer pulses for APTWI.AssessmentPatient clinical characteristics (age, sex, smoke, subtype, TNM stage, and surgery), PFS (chest CT every 3 months, median follow‐up was 18 months, range, 4–27 months), and APTWI (MTRasym(3.5 ppm)), IVIM (ADCstand, D, D*, f, DDC, and α), and 18F‐FDG PET (SUVmax, MTV, and TLG) parameters were recorded.Statistical TestsProportional hazards model, concordance index, calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and Log‐rank test. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsHistological subtype, TNM stage, MTV, D*, and MTRasym(3.5 ppm) were all independent predictors of PFS. A prediction model based on these predictors was developed with a C‐index of 0.895 (95% CI: 0.839–0.951), which was significantly superior to each of the above predictors alone (C‐index = 0.629, 0.707, 0.692, 0.678, and 0.558, respectively). The calibration curve and DCA indicated good consistency and clinical utility of the prediction model, respectively. Log‐rank test results showed a significant difference in PFS between the high‐ and low‐risk groups.Data ConclusionAPTWI and multiple models IVIM based 18F‐FDG PET/MRI can be used for PFS assessment in NSCLC.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 2
A Review of the Estimation of Sensitivity and Specificity in the Context of Time‐Dependent Outcomes
Authors: Sevilimedu Varadan , Pangan Giuseppe , Pinker Katja 
Published: October 2023

Time is an essential element in the field of survival analysis. Time to an event is essential in adjudicating diagnostic utility and determining the effectiveness of treatment. However, time‐to‐event outcomes—in a sense—are complicated to deal with, since they involve both a binary component, which is the outcome itself (death or recurrence) and a continuous component, which is the time for the occurrence of the outcome. In such scenarios, simpler metrics such as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the curve are insufficient to establish the utility of a diagnostic marker. Given the above constraint, this review discusses established ways in which sensitivity and specificity can be determined and are therefore sufficient in establishing utility in the context of time‐dependent outcomes. This review also discusses how studies investigating the sensitivity and specificity of a diagnostic marker in the context of time‐dependent outcomes can be improved through the use of existing user‐friendly statistical software.Level of Evidence5Technical EfficacyStage 3
α‐Lipoic acid alleviates dextran sulfate sodium salt‐induced ulcerative colitis via modulating the Keap1–Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibiting ferroptosis
Authors: Jiang Peng , Zhai Zongzhen , Zhao Linxian , Zhang Kai , Duan Liwei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronically relapsing inflammatory disease with severe diarrhea, fatigue and weight loss. α‐Lipoic acid (LA), a well‐known antioxidant, is able to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and maintain a healthy cellular redox state. However, the role of LA in protecting IBD is still unclear. Hence the aim of this research was to investigate the protective effect of LA on dextran sulfate sodium salt‐induced ulcerative colitis (UC) and its underlying mechanism.RESULTSHere, our findings showed that LA significantly alleviated UC symptoms and the overproduction of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in UC mice. In addition, LA treatment inhibited intestinal cell apoptosis by regulating the expression levels of p53/caspase‐3 pathway‐related protein in UC mice. Meanwhile, the inhibitory effects of LA on colonic oxidative stress and ferroptosis were revealed. Our study further demonstrated that LA treatment could regulate the Kelch‐like ECH‐associating protein 1 (Keap1)–nuclear factor E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. Interestingly, we confirmed that LA inhibited ferroptosis by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress and suppressing apoptosis in erastin‐induced ferroptosis model in vitro.CONCLUSIONTaken together, this study's findings suggest that LA could be considered as a therapeutic agent protecting against IBD. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Characterization of wheat dough and Chinese steamed bread using mealworm powder formulated with medium‐gluten and whole wheat flour
Authors: Xie Xinyuan , Zhang Jinhao , Yuan Zhihe , Wang Haibo , An Jianhui , Deng Lingli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDMealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae are nutritious edible insects and exhibit the potential to act as protein substitutes in food products. In this study, we added mealworm powder as a substitute to medium‐gluten wheat and whole wheat flours to enhance the quality of baked products. We compared the pasting, farinograph and extensograph properties of medium‐gluten wheat and whole wheat flours replaced with different concentrations of mealworm powder to explore the interactions between flour and mealworm powder.RESULTSMealworm powder changed the pasting characteristics of medium‐gluten wheat and whole wheat flours. After adding 20% mealworm powder, the pasting temperature of the medium‐gluten wheat flour remained unchanged (approximately 89.9 °C), while the pasting temperature of whole wheat flour increased from 88.83 to 90.27 °C. Water absorption of medium‐gluten and whole wheat flours exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing mealworm powder concentrations. Mealworm powder substitution resulted in stronger medium‐gluten dough but exerted an opposite effect on the farinograph properties of whole wheat dough. Mealworm powder substitution decreased the stretching resistance of medium‐gluten dough but increased that of whole wheat dough. With an increase in the concentration of mealworm powder, the specific volume of medium‐gluten wheat steamed bread significantly increased from 1.69 mL g−1 (M0) to 3.31 mL g−1 (M10) whereas that of whole wheat steamed bread increased from 1.64 mL g−1 (M0) to 2.34 mL g−1 (M15). The addition of mealworm powder increased the protein, dietary fiber, lipid and sodium contents of steamed bread samples.CONCLUSIONSThis study provides a reference for the rheological properties of medium‐gluten wheat and whole wheat flours substituted with mealworm powder and supports the addition of insects as a protein source in food products. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Posttreatment complications in pediatric cervical neuroblastoma: A retrospective case series at a tertiary cancer center
Authors: Lopez Joseph , Subramanian Tejas , Durell Jonathan , Levyn Helena , Wong Richard , Shah Jatin , LaQuaglia Michael P. , Gerstle Justin Ted 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundNeuroblastomas rarely occur as primary tumors in the cervical region. Therefore, very little has been reported regarding treatment strategies, complications, and outcomes of these cervical neuroblastomas. The goal of this study is to review the presentation, management, and outcomes of all primary cervical pediatric neuroblastoma cases at a single tertiary care center.MethodsA retrospective cohort review of all neuroblastoma patients treated at a single center were performed. All patients with primary cervical neuroblastoma were reviewed for demographic information, tumor characteristics, treatment, and outcomes.ResultsThirty (1.8%) patients were found to have undergone treatment for cervical neuroblastoma tumors diagnosed on average at 2.1 years old. Most presented with a swollen neck/palpable mass ± Horner's syndrome. Based on features including tumor staging, N‐myc proto‐oncogene protein (MYCN) amplification status, histology, most were deemed intermediate or high risk. Treatment strategies centered around chemotherapeutic regimens with surgery when possible as well as various adjuvant treatments including radiation therapy, immunotherapy, bone marrow transplant, and a neuroblastoma vaccine. Ten (33.3%) of patients experienced treatment‐related complications and four (13.3%) died as a result of their disease progression. All four patients were high‐risk patients, two of which had MYCN amplification.ConclusionCervical neuroblastomas generally have favorable outcomes. These tumors can be treated effectively with chemotherapy and surgical intervention with various adjuvant therapies. MYCN amplification and higher stage disease presentation contribute to worse outcomes.
Exploring the relationship between traditional bibliometrics and Altmetric scores in the primary care literature
Authors: Burrell Alexander , Butler Daniel , Ukoumunne Obioha C. , Dambha‐Miller Hajira 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThere is some evidence that Altmetric scores correlate with citations in medical research, but this is not consistent across different specialties. No previous studies have examined the association between Altmetric score and citations amongst primary care research journals. The aim of this study was therefore to describe this association. We identified the ten most frequently cited articles published in the top 15 highest impact factor primary care research journals. Article and journal metrics were extracted and summarized using descriptive statistics. We used Spearman's correlation coefficient (rs) and log–log linear regression modelling to examine the relationship between citations and Altmetric score. 150 articles were included with a median of 36.5 (IQR 20–59; range 5–811) citations. We found a positive association between citations and Altmetric score (rs = 0.519; p < 0.001). A unit increase in log Altmetric score was associated with increased log citations [0.175 (95% CI 0.091–0.259, p < 0.001)] in an adjusted linear regression model. The regression findings indicate that increasing Altmetric score by 10% was associated with a 1.68% increase in citation rate. This has implications for how authors, academic institutions and primary care research journals approach dissemination of articles.
Acoustic twilight: A year‐long seafloor monitoring unveils phenological patterns in the abyssal soundscape
Authors: Lin Tzu‐Hao , Kawagucci Shinsuke 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDespite the perpetual darkness of the deep sea, contrasting the sunlit epipelagic waters, many deep‐sea organisms exhibit rhythmic activities. To discern environmental cues that may serve as entrainment signals for deep‐sea organisms, this study investigated the soundscape of the abyssal plain south of Minamitorishima Island. Our analysis revealed clear diel and seasonal patterns, primarily driven by evening fish choruses and marine mammal vocalizations. These evening choruses, discernible above the background noise, likely serve as a circadian time cue for organisms capable of perceiving them within the aphotic depths. In addition, the frequent detection of whistles and echolocation clicks suggests this region functions as a foraging ground for marine mammals. These acoustic cues might guide organisms with auditory capabilities toward habitats rich in sinking food debris and whale falls. By elucidating the ecological processes shaping abyssal soundscape dynamics, these findings open new directions for further exploration in deep‐sea chronobiology.
When your supporters become your opponents: Exploring the unintended effects of parodies on social media engagement
Authors: Sabri Ouidade , El Hana Nadr , Abidi Zineb , Martin Silvia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUsing parodies to mock politicians' personal flaws is a prevalent practice and represents an important threat to their brand image and reputation. However, the ability of parodies based on personal attacks to create positive social media engagement from the parodist's point of view is still unexplored. This study contributes to the attribution–emotion–action theory by exposing the unintended effects of parodies on social media engagement. We began with a content analysis of 331 parodies of political figures posted on YouTube from 2012 to 2019. Then, by using both a machine‐learning‐based analysis of 31,300 comments on those parodies and an experiment, we compared the effectiveness of two types of parodies based on personal attacks, depending on the type of stigma depicted: controllable versus uncontrollable. Our findings are paradoxical. Compared to parodies based on controllable personal stigmas, parodies of uncontrollable stigmas foster less supportive social media engagement toward the parodist and his/her parody (i.e., likes, shares), especially among individuals who were originally detractors and opponents of the parodied politician. Those effects are mediated by the role of moral‐condemning emotions expressing the inappropriateness of the topic selected by the parodist. Henceforth, it is advisable for parodists to refrain from incorporating representations of an uncontrollable stigma into their spoof creations, as such actions may imperil the levels of engagement exhibited by their audience, encompassing both their reception of the parodies and their perception of the parodists themselves.
How narcissism biases food healthiness perceptions and consumption
Authors: Lunardo Renaud , Gross Jana 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the determinants of food and beverage healthiness perceptions and consumers' subsequent choices are key to fighting obesity. In this research, we provide empirical evidence for narcissism as an important determinant. Building on the psychological literature on narcissism and its evaluative biases, we develop and test a model exploring how individuals high in narcissism perceive benefits in food compared to their counterparts, which, in turn, elicits higher food consumption. In three studies using different samples (French‐ and US‐based), methods (correlational, field study and online experiment), and products (wine and nuts), we report consistent evidence for this argument. We also show that that this pattern flips when considering the social context. Individuals high in narcissism in social situations adopt a protection strategy of their self‐image, thereby focusing more on food health hazards and consequentially refraining more from consuming such foods. Our findings on how narcissism triggers food perceptions as well as subsequent consumption choices have important implications for both the food industry and public policy.
Inulin Supplementation Modulates the Hepatic Transcriptome, Metabolome, and Ferritin Content in Ovariectomized Rats
Authors: Zhao Xiaorui , He Weiwei , Jakobsen Louise M. A. , Zachariassen Line F. , Hansen Axel K. , Rasmussen Martin Krøyer , Bertram Hanne Christine 
Published: October 2023

ScopeLiver is an important metabolic organ regulating whole‐body homeostasis. This study aims to investigate how prebiotic‐induced changes in the metabolic activity of the gut microbiome (GM) and dietary calcium depletion modulates the hepatic metabolome and transcriptome.Methods and resultsThe serum metabolome, liver metabolome, and transcriptome are determined on samples from ovariectomized (OVX) rats fed a control diet (Control, n = 7), a control diet supplemented with 5% w/w inulin (Inulin, n = 7), or a calcium‐deficient diet (CaDef, n = 7). Inulin fortification is associated with higher serum concentrations of acetate, 3‐hydroxybutyrate, and reduced concentration of dimethyl sulfone, revealing that changes in the metabolic activity of the GM are reflected in circulating metabolites. Metabolomics also reveal that the inulin‐fortified diet results in lower concentrations of hepatic glutamate, serine, and hypoxanthine while transcriptomics reveal accompanying effects on the hepatic expression of ferric iron binding‐related genes. Inulin fortification also induces effects on the hepatic expression of genes involved in olfactory transduction, suggesting that prebiotics regulate liver function through yet unidentified mechanisms involving olfactory receptors.ConclusionInulin ingestion impacts hepatic gene expression and is associated with an upregulation of ferritin synthesis‐related genes and liver ferritin content.
Transformer‐based deep learning denoising of single and multi‐delay 3D arterial spin labeling
Authors: Shou Qinyang , Zhao Chenyang , Shao Xingfeng , Jann Kay , Kim Hosung , Helmer Karl G. , Lu Hanzhang , Wang Danny J. J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeTo present a Swin Transformer‐based deep learning (DL) model (SwinIR) for denoising single‐delay and multi‐delay 3D arterial spin labeling (ASL) and compare its performance with convolutional neural network (CNN) and other Transformer‐based methods.MethodsSwinIR and CNN‐based spatial denoising models were developed for single‐delay ASL. The models were trained on 66 subjects (119 scans) and tested on 39 subjects (44 scans) from three different vendors. Spatiotemporal denoising models were developed using another dataset (6 subjects, 10 scans) of multi‐delay ASL. A range of input conditions was tested for denoising single and multi‐delay ASL, respectively. The performance was evaluated using similarity metrics, spatial SNR and quantification accuracy of cerebral blood flow (CBF), and arterial transit time (ATT).ResultsSwinIR outperformed CNN and other Transformer‐based networks, whereas pseudo‐3D models performed better than 2D models for denoising single‐delay ASL. The similarity metrics and image quality (SNR) improved with more slices in pseudo‐3D models and further improved when using M0 as input, but introduced greater biases for CBF quantification. Pseudo‐3D models with three slices achieved optimal balance between SNR and accuracy, which can be generalized to different vendors. For multi‐delay ASL, spatiotemporal denoising models had better performance than spatial‐only models with reduced biases in fitted CBF and ATT maps.ConclusionsSwinIR provided better performance than CNN and other Transformer‐based methods for denoising both single and multi‐delay 3D ASL data. The proposed model offers flexibility to improve image quality and/or reduce scan time for 3D ASL to facilitate its clinical use.
Landscape review of global real‐world data sources for studying medication use in pregnancy and lactation that support regulatory decision making
Authors: Davis Kourtney , Yost Emily , Brauneis Jacquelyne , Krumme Alexis , Geldhof Anja , Tuck Astrud , Sylvester Shirley , Ephross Sara 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeMost pregnant people take at least one medication during gestation or while breastfeeding, however data are lacking on the safety of medication use in these populations. We conducted a landscape review of real‐world data sources specific to medication use in pregnancy and breastfeeding populations that have met, or have potential to meet, health authorities' requirements for post‐authorization safety studies.MethodsA 2‐phase approach identified data sources from literature, publicly available registers of non‐interventional post‐authorization studies of pregnant women, existing database inventories, and emerging data sources known to the authors.ResultsRequired key attributes were assessed according to current regulatory guidance, resulting in selection of 49 suitable data sources. All global regions were represented, with North America (37%) and Europe (33%) most common; 12% of the data sources included pregnancy information from low‐to middle‐income countries. Administrative healthcare claims (25%) and electronic healthcare records (21%) comprised the largest types of data sources. Across data sources, 53% were managed by national or regional governments, 27% by industry, and 20% by academic institutions. Maternal age, diagnoses, prenatal care, and reproductive history were available in most, whereas fewer included demographic data (e.g., race/ethnicity). Breastfeeding data were collected in 37% of the final data sources.ConclusionWe conducted a systematic approach to data source evaluation of pregnancy and breastfeeding to be used as a resource for investigators to consider when designing pregnancy‐related research studies to satisfy regulatory requirements.