bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Odysseus
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Autolycus once visited Ithaca, to find his daughter just delivered of a son. Eurycleia brought in the baby and set it in his lap at the end of supper, saying, “Autolycus, invent a name for this your dear daughter’s son-a child much prayed for,” and Autolycus had answered, “Son-in-law and daughter, name him as I shall say. Forasmuch as I come here full of plaints against many dwellers upon earth, women as well as men, so call him Odysseus, for the odiousness: and when he is a man make him visit the palace of his mother’s family at Parnassus, which is mine, and I will give him enough to send him joyfully home.”
Theseus
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One day Heracles, dining at Troezen with Pittheus, removed his lion skin and threw it over a stool. When the palace children came in, they screamed and fled, all except seven-year-old Theseus, who ran to snatch an axe from the woodpile, and returned boldly, prepared to attack a real lion. At the age of sixteen years he visited Delphi, and offered his first manly hair-clippings to Apollo. He shaved, however, only the forepart of his head, like the Arabians and Mysians, or like the war-like Abantes of Euboea, who thereby deny their enemies any advantage in close combat.
David
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Now the Philistines gathered together their armies to battle, and were gathered together at Shochoh, which belongeth to Judah, and pitched between Shochoh and Azekah, in Ephesdammim. And Saul and the men of Israel were gathered together, and pitched by the valley of Elah, and set the battle in array against the Philistines. And the Philistines stood on a mountain on the one side, and Israel stood on a mountain on the other side: and there was a valley between them. And there went out a champion out of the camp of the Philistines, named Goliath, of Gath, whose height was six cubits and a span.
Mary
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When the child was three years old, her parents took her to the Temple at Jerusalem, and left her in the company of the Temple virgins, with whom she grew up until she was fourteen-constantly visited by the angels and enjoying always the mystical vision of God. Now that she had become a woman, it was the proper custom that she should be returned to her home and given in marriage. But Mary told the High Priest that it could not be so with her, since she had promised her virginity to God. Perplexed, and seeking guidance from the Most High, the High Priest entered into the sanctuary of the Temple, and, as he prayed, a Voice came forth from the inmost shrine of the Holy of Holies, commanding that all the marriageable men of the House of David should come to the Temple and each one lay a branch upon the altar.
Jesus
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
And when eight days were accomplished for the circumcising of the child, his name was called JESUS, which was so named of the angel before he was conceived in the womb. And when the days of her [Mary’s] purification according to the law of Moses were accomplished, they brought him to Jerusalem, to present him to the Lord;(As it is written in the law of the Lord, Every male that openeth the womb shall be called holy to the Lord;) And to offer a sacrifice according to that which is said in the law of the Lord, A pair of turtledoves, or two young pigeons.
Mohammad
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mohammad was now approaching his fortieth year. Always pensive, he had of late become even more thoughtful and retiring. Contemplation and reflection engaged his mind. The debasement of his people pressed heavily on him; the dim and imperfect shadows of Judaism and Christianity excited doubts without satisfying them; and his soul was perplexed with uncertainty as to what was the true religion. Thus burdened, he frequently retired to seek relief in meditation amongst the solitary valleys and rocks near Mecca.
The Unknown Within The Self
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the myth contained in the preceding stories the hero withdraws from the “world,” usually to meditate in preparation for later deeds. It will be suggested by some that this myth lacks the universality of the birth myth or the initiation myth-that it is confined for the most part to the mystical religions, that it is relatively foreign to the Egyptians, the Greeks, and the Nordic peoples, for instance. To some extent this is true. The meditation theme is most prevalent in animistic religions and those of the Far East especially Buddhism and Hinduism-and in Christianity.
Gilgamesh
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
And even as he cried he saw that his companion no longer stirred nor opened his eyes; and when he felt Enkidu’s heart it was beating no more. Then Gilgamesh took a cloth and veiled the face of Enkidu, even as men veil a bride on the day of her espousal. And he paced to and fro and cried aloud, and his voice was the voice of a lioness robbed of her whelps. And he stripped off his garments and tore his hair and gave himself up to mourning.
Adonis And Aphrodite (Venus)
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
“Time slipped away: there’s nothing more elusive Than Time in flight, more swift in flight than he Who steals our years and months, our days and hours. Son of a sister whom he never saw, Son of a grandfather who cursed his being, Child of a tree, Adonis grew to boyhood And lovelier than any man on earth.
Hainuwele
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
They were all extremely jealous that Hainuwele could distribute such wealth and decided to kill her. The ninth night, therefore, when the girl was again placed in the center of the dance ground, to pass out betel nut, the men dug a deep hole in the area. In the innermost circle of the great nine-fold spiral the men of the Lesiela family were dancing, and in the course of the slowly cycling movement of their spiral they pressed the maiden Hainuwele toward the hole and threw her in. A loud, three voiced Maro Song drowned out her cries.
Persephone (Proserpina) And Demeter (Ceres)
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
‘“Hard by the town of Henna was a lake, Pergus its name; nor even Cayster’s waters Held in their echoes sweeter songs of swans. A forest crowned the hills on every side Where even at sunstruck noonday the cool shores Were green beneath a canopy of leaves, The lawns, the purling grasses bright with flowers, And spring the only season of the year.
Jesus
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
And the first day of unleavened bread, when they killed the passover, his disciples said unto him, Where wilt thou that we go and prepare that thou mayest eat the passover? And he sendeth forth two of his disciples, and saith unto them, Go ye into the city, and there shall meet you a man bearing a pitcher of water: follow him. And wheresoever he shall go in, say ye to the goodman of the house, The Master saith, Where is the guest chamber, where I shall eat the passover with my disciples? And he will show you a large upper room furnished and prepared: there make ready for us.
Inanna (Ishtar)
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Inanna, queen of heaven, the goddess of light and love and life, has set her heart upon visiting the nether world, perhaps in order to free her lover Tammuz. She gathers together all the appropriate divine decrees, adorns herself with her queenly robes and jewels, and is ready to enter the “land of no return.” Queen of the nether world is her elder sister and bitter enemy Ereshkigal, the goddess of darkness and gloom and death.
Wanjiru
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Now there was a young warrior who loved Wanjiru and he lamented continually, saying, “Wanjiru is lost, and her own people have done this thing.” And he said, “Where has Wanjiru gone? I will go to the same place.” So he took his shield and spear. And he wandered over the country day and night until, at last, as the dusk fell, he came to the spot where Wanjiru had vanished. Then he stood where she had stood and, as he stood, his feet began to sink as hers had sunk; and he sank lower and lower until the ground closed over him, and he went by a long road under the earth as Wanjiru had gone and, at length, he saw the maiden. But, indeed, he pitied her sorely, for her state was miserable, and her raiment had perished.
Hermodr And Balder
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
But to speak now of Hermodr: he rode nine days and nights down ravines ever darker and deeper, meeting no one, until he came to the banks of the river Gjoll which he followed as far as the Gjoll Bridge: this bridge is roofed with burning gold. Modgudr is the maiden’s name who guards the bridge. She asked him his name or lineage, saying only the day before five droves of dead men had passed over the bridge, “but the bridge echoed less under them than you.
Buddha
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Then, surrounded by the gods of the Tusita heaven, and dismissing all s the other gods, he entered the Nandana Grove of the Tusita capital,-for in each of the heavens there is a Nandana Grove. And here the gods said, “Attain in your next existence your high destiny,” and kept reminding him that he had already paved the way to it by his accumulated merit. Now it was while he was thus dwelling, surrounded by these deities, and continually reminded of his accumulated merit, that he died, and was conceived in the womb of queen Maha-Maya.
Hainuwele
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When the Maro festival ended and Hainuwele failed to return, her father knew that she had been killed. He took nine branches of a certain bushlike plant whose wood is used in the casting of oracles and with these reconstructed in his home the nine circles of the Maro Dancers. Then he knew that Hainuwele had been killed in the Dancing Ground. He took nine fibers of the cocopalm leaf and went with these to the dance place, stuck them one after the other into the earth, and with the ninth came to what had been the innermost circle.
Union With The Cycle Of Nature
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The outlines of the myth of the rebirth or resurrection are universal and clear. The hero progresses from a state of nonlife to one of life. The miraculous birth is thus repeated. In some stories the Hero-Hyacinth and Adonis, for instance-dies and is turned into a living flower. In others the rebirth is in the nature of a reincarnation. The Buddha and, to a lesser extent, Dionysos fall into this category. But the major motif of the myth is that of the hero who has died violently, visited the under world, and returned to the earth as a living being.
Buddha
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This was the manner of Buddha’s death, called Parinirvana, or Final Release. In the forty-fifth year of his ministry the Buddha suffered from a severe illness, and declared that he would not live long. While residing in the city of Pawa he was entertained by a good smith named Chunda. He prepared an offering of pork, which was the cause of a sickness resulting in death. Buddha became very faint, and though he set out for Kushinagara, had to rest many times on the way.
The Discovery Of The Unknown Commentary on Part 8
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Forty days after Easter, as the sun approaches mid-heaven following the vernal equinox, Christians celebrate the bodily ascension of Jesus into heaven. Mithras, Elijah, Saint Francis, and, in some stories, Faust, too, are carried off. And in a later addition to the Christian story the Virgin Mary is physically assumed into heaven to reign there with Christ.
Subject versus Object
Authors: Fletcher George P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The distinction between subject and object runs through the criminal law and provides a useful perspective on our conception of whom we are prosecuting and on what we are punishing for. A subject is someone who acts, and an object is someone or something that is acted upon. Do we prosecute suspects and punish offenders as subjects or as objects? That question is never posed directly in the doctrines of the criminal law but it underlies many current disputes about defining and determining who is liable for crime.
The Esoteric Origins of the American Renaissance
Authors: Versluis Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When we survey the history of esotericism in North America from the colonial period to the late-nineteenth century, we find that a remarkable shift took place. As the colonists came over, especially from England or Germany, they brought with them a great many kinds of practical esotericism that were integrated into daily life. Astrology, alchemy, folk magic, and various esoteric orders or lodges all were prevalent in the lives of many Americans right through to the beginning of the nineteenth century. But gradually, much changed. By the time of the American Renaissance and such authors as Emerson, Poe, Melville, Dickinson, and Fuller, these various currents of esotericism had largely, though of course not totally, vanished from the American scene, and were transposed instead into the creative work of these major American writers.
On an extension of finitary mathematics which has not yet been used (1972)
Authors: Gudel Kurt , Feferman Solomon , Dawson John W , Kleene Stephen C , Moore Gregory H , Solovay Robert M , Heijenoort Jean van 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
P. Bernays has pointed out that, even in order to prove only the consistency of classical number theory, it is necessary to extend Hilbert’s finitary standpoint. He suggested admitting certain abstract concepts in addition to the combinatorial concepts referring to symbols. The abstract concepts that so far have been used for this purpose are those of the constructive theory of ordinals and those of intuitionistic logic. It is shown that a certain concept of computable function of finite simple type over the natural numbers can be used instead, where no other procedures of constructing such functions are necessary except primitive recursion by a number variable and definition of a function by an equality with a term containing only variables and/or previously introduced functions beginning with the function +.
“A Very Special Death”: Christian Martyrdom in Its Classical Context
Authors: Straw Carole 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Clement of Alexandria wrote from experience. In 202—203, wseAJ during the persecution of Septimius Severus, he had been forced to flee to Asia Minor. In his Miscellanies (Stromata, 4.4), he discusses the perfection of martyrdom that had eluded him and compares martyrdom to the valiant death of classical heroes: “And the ancients laud the death of those among the Greeks who died in war, not that they advised people to die a violent death, but because he who ends his life in war is released without the dread of dying.” Just like the heroes of epics and the arena, the Christian martyrs displayed a contempt of death that allowed them to face the end with unnerving self-control. “We conquer death and are not conquered by it,” boasted the martyr Flavian. And Cyprian proclaimed that martyrs could be killed, but they could never be harmed.
Not Only American
Authors: Spiro Peter J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Plural citizenship poses a central challenge to citizenship as an organizing principle of world order and individual identity. Dual citizenship was once thought an offense against nature, a stain on a person’s character, an immoral status akin to bigamy. One might be a dual citizen by virtue of the interplay of different citizenship regimes, but one could not openly maintain allegiance to more than one nation. This jealous defense of exclusive national ties had significant implications for the nature of the citizenship tie and the community it defined. Singular affiliations inherently have greater meaning than nonexclusive relationships, especially where the type of affiliation is common practice. The contexts of marriage and religion present ready examples; because (for the most part) those affiliations are exclusive, the resulting bond—the “community,” if you will— looms larger on the individual’s horizon. So, too, was it with nationality. The fact that individuals could have one nationality and one nationality only rendered national identification a more important quantity. It starkly drew the lines between the “us” and the “them,” a sort of legal circling of the wagons that inevitably reinforced the meaning of citizenship.
Man = Body + Soul: Aquinas’s Arithmetic of Human Nature
Authors: Klima Gyula 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For philosophers who find both a dualistic and a purely materialistic account of the human soul unacceptable, the Aristotelian-Thomistic conception of the soul as the substantial form of the living body may appear to be an intriguing alternative. However, even if one is not afraid of the prospect of committing oneself to an apparently “obsolete” metaphysics, developing such a commitment may not look to be a wise move after all, since upon closer inspection the doctrine may seem to be frustratingly obscure, if not directly self-contradictory.
Kubrick’s Obscene Shadows
Authors: White Susan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There comes a time when the operation of the machine becomes so odious, makes you so sick at heart, that you can’t take part, you can’t even passively take part, and you’ve got to put your bodies upon the gears and upon the wheels, upon all the apparatus, and you’ve got to make it stop. And you’ve got to indicate to the people who run it, the people who own it, that unless you’re free, the machine will be prevented from working at all. This chapter examines aspects of the fundamental ambivalence toward human cultural productions conveyed in Stanley Kubrick’s cinematic works. Through exquisitely distilled images and innovative soundtracks, the films articulate a fascination with such topoi (in Aristotle’s sense: places to go to construct an argument) as the machine, symphonic music, the labyrinth, and various kinds of ritual as sublime forms of cultural expression. At the same time, Kubrick’s films depict these cultural forms as arising from or intricately linked to what we might call foundational violence. But violence is only one, though perhaps the most important, of what I will term the “obscene” social underpinnings that subtend Kubrick’s work.
Sacred and Profane Beauty
Authors: van der Leeuw Gerardus 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Gerardus van der Leeuw was one of the first to attempt a rapprochement between theology and the arts, and his influence continues to be felt in what is now a burgeoning field. Sacred and Profane is the fullest expression of his pursuit of a theological aesthetics, surveying religion's relationship to all the arts—dance, drama, literature, painting, sculpture, architecture, and music. This edition makes this seminal work, first published in Dutch in 1932, newly available. A new foreword by Diane Apostolos-Cappadona analyzes the continuing relevance of van der Leeuw's thought. Van der Leeuw's impassioned and brilliant investigation of the relationship between the holy and the beautiful is founded upon the conviction that for too long the religious have failed to seriously contemplate the beautiful, associating it as they do with the kingdom of sensuality and impermanence. Similarly it has been alien to literati and aesthetes to reflect upon the holy, for they choose to consider this physical world to be permanent, and therefore to be glorified through beauty alone. In truth, as van der Leeuw undertakes to show in Sacred and Profane Beauty, the holy has never been absent from the arts, and the arts have never been unresponsive to the holy. Whether one considers the Homeric epics, the dancing Sivas and Vedic poems, the sacred wall paintings of ancient Egypt, the primitive mask, or the range of sacred arts developed out of Latin and Byzantine Christianity, primordial creation in the arts was always directed toward the symbolization and interpretation of the holy. The fact that in our day this original connection is obscured and the artistic impulse is more generally regarded as wholly individualistic and autonomous does not contradict van der Leeuw's thesis; indeed, the breakdown of the unity of the holy and the arts is central to his thesis. Van der Leeuw was the rare thinker who combined profundity of insight, grace of style, and a willingness to take daring intellectual chances. In Sacred and Profane, he describes each of the arts in its original unity with the religious and then analyzes its historical disjunction and alienation. After a penetrating investigation of the structural elements within the arts which illumines a crucial dimension of the religious experience, van der Leeuw points toward the reemergence of an appropriate theological aesthetics on which a reunification of the arts could be founded.
Textual Poaching or Gamekeeping?
Authors: Bury Rhiannon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
With the publication of Textual Poachers in 1992, Henry Jenkins put fandom on the academic radar. He vigorously challenged prevailing notions of media fans, held by an assortment of academics, high-culture aficionados, critics, and William Shatner, as passive dupes of mass culture sorely in need of lives.1 Jenkins provided an empowering accounting of fan practices under the rubric of textual poaching, borrowed from the Marxist theorist Michel de Certeau. According to de Certeau, “poaching . . . on the property of others” (xii) is what characterizes the multiple practices of everyday life. These “tactics of consumption” are “ingenious ways in which the weak make use of the strong” (xiv). Jenkins makes a similar point about fans being in a position of “cultural marginality and social weakness. Fans must beg with the networks to keep their favorite shows on the air, must lobby producers to provide desired plot developments or to protect the integrity of favorite characters” (26–27).
‘The Interpretation of Dreams’ in the Renaissance
Authors: Holland Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1929 Maxime Leroy asked Freud to comment on a series of dreams experienced by Descartes on the night of ro-II November 1619. The three dreams of that night mark a crucial stage in the intellectual life of the young Descartes: their impact on his commitment to research, and on his movement towards formulating the cogito,is fully emphasized by Descartes himself.
Mistaken identities
Authors: McDonald Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Does Northern Ireland need `identity'? Does it make sense to discuss politics and literature in such terms? And what does it mean to make a connection between poetry and violence? In this controversial and original study, the Northern Irish poet and critic Peter McDonald examines the poetry of Seamus Heaney, along with work by Louis MacNeice, John Hewitt, Michael Longley, Derek Mahon, Tom Paulin, Ciaran Carson, Paul Muldoon, and others. He argues against the totalizing ambitions of identity-politics, and questions the value of nationalist assumptions, amongst both Irish and non-Irish critics, for the understanding of Northern Irish poetry. McDonald contends that a close attention to this poetry disables crude analysis and subverts political analogies in terms of `identity'. In a series of subtle and illuminating readings, Mistaken Identities shows how the best poets from Northern Ireland have made an issue of poetic form, and establishes the significance of this for post-nationalist criticism on both sides of the Irish Sea.