bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Biomimetic Thioesters for Studies of Ketoreductase Domains from the Biosynthesis of Cytotoxic Polyketides
Authors: Hahn Frank , Derra Sebastian , Hoffmann Julian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of biomimetic thioesters for enzymatic studies of ketoreductase (KR) domains from polyketide synthases is described. A TBS-protected dihydroxyalkene fragment was synthesised by a sequence involving a Nagao acetate aldol reaction, a Mukaiyama propionate aldol reaction, and a methylene Wittig olefination. Fragment coupling to N-acetylcysteamine (SNAC) (E)-3-hydroxyhex-4-enethioates by an olefin cross-metathesis (OCM) and subsequent deprotection gave the potential KR product stereoisomers. An analogous OCM with a SNAC (E)-3-ketohex-4-enethioate did not give the desired KR precursor, but the reaction could successfully be replaced by a Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons olefination between a SNAC 3-ketothioester phosphonate and a TBS-protected dihydroxy aldehyde. After deprotection, an intramolecular cyclisation was observed that needs to be considered as a spontaneous side reactivity in the enzymatic assays.
Organocatalytic, Chemoselective, and Stereospecific House–Meinwald Rearrangement of Trisubstituted Epoxides
Authors: Schreiner Peter R. , Dressler Friedemann , Öhler Victoria , Topp Christopher 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe present a novel method for the chemoselective House–Meinwald rearrangement of trisubstituted epoxides under mild conditions with the use of simple perfluorinated disulfonimides as Brønsted acid catalysts. We isolated the α-quaternary aldehyde products in yields of 27–97% using catalyst loadings as low as 0.5 mol% on a scale of 1 mmol. In addition, we show the stereospecific rearrangement using an enantioenriched substrate, which makes this method suitable for applications in total synthesis of natural products.
The Association of Same-Day CT Scan with Postoperative Outcomes in Isolated Orbital Fracture Repair
Authors: Enin Kwasi , Pavelchek Cole , Liu Yupeng , Sciegienka Sebastian , Spataro Emily 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe potential benefits to surgical outcomes of intraoperative and/or same-day computed tomography (CT) during isolated orbital fracture reconstruction are debatable, and previous research on this topic is limited by small sample size. This retrospective IBM MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental research database study examined patients undergoing isolated orbital reconstruction from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2018, to assess whether same-day CT affected postoperative outcomes. The average age of the 5,023 participants was 37 (standard deviation [SD]: 16) years and 63% were males. The data revealed that 16.2% (815 of 5,023) patients underwent a same-day CT. Those who underwent a same-day CT scan exhibited reduced odds of postoperative enophthalmos (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.269; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.167–0.433) and diplopia (aOR: 0.670; 95% CI: 0.495–906). Interestingly, these patients also displayed a higher rate of revision surgeries (aOR: 2.721; 95% CI: 1.893–3.912). In summary, while same-day CT scans diminish certain postoperative complications of orbital fracture repair, they are also associated with an increased likelihood of subsequent surgical revision.
An Overview of the Methods Used to Measure the Impact of Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Sleep-Related Outcomes
Authors: Vallim Julia Ribeiro da Silva , Lima Gabriela Sant'Ana , Pires Gabriel Natan , Tufik Sergio , Demarzo Marcelo , D'Almeida Vânia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction Systematic reviews and metanalyses have shown that mindfulness-based interventions can have positive effects on health, such as reducing anxiety, depression, and chronic pain. However, their effect on sleep-related outcomes is not yet well established. Sleep can be assessed subjectively (questionnaires, sleep logs, self-reporting) and/or objectively (actigraphy, polysomnography, biological markers), and outcomes may differ depending on which type of assessment is used.
Objective In this study, we present a literature overview on mindfulness and sleep, innovatively presenting and discussing studies that address sleep subjectively and objectively.
Methods The search was undertaken using four databases (Pubmed Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Psychinfo) in September 2019, and repeated in May 2021.Studies were analyzed through a two-step process: (1) reading titles and abstracts, and (2) full text analysis that met the review's eligibility criteria, with the final sample comprising 193 articles. We observed a growth in the number of studies published, particularly since 2005. However, this was mostly due to an increase in studies based on subjective research. There is a moderate to nonexistent agreement between objective and subjective sleep measures, with results of subjective measures having higher variability and uncertainty.We identified 151 articles (78%) using an exclusively subjective sleep evaluation, which can cause a misperception about mindfulness effects on sleep.
Conclusion Future studies should place greater emphasis on objective measurements to accurately investigate the effects of mindfulness practices on sleep, although subjective measures also have a role to play in respect of some aspects of this relationship.
2023 Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Insomnia in Adults – Brazilian Sleep Association
Authors: Drager Luciano Ferreira , Assis Márcia , Bacelar Andrea Frota Rego , Poyares Dalva Lucia Rollemberg , Conway Silvia Gonçalves , Pires Gabriel Natan , de Azevedo Alexandre Pinto , Carissimi Alicia , Eckeli Allan Luiz , Pentagna Álvaro , Almeida Carlos Maurício Oliveira , Franco Clélia Maria Ribeiro , Sobreira Emmanuelle Silva Tavares , Stelzer Fernando Gustavo , Mendes Giuliana Macedo , Minhoto Gisele Richter , Linares Ila Marques Porto , Sousa Ksdy Maiara Moura , Gitaí Livia Leite Góes , Sukys-Claudino Lucia , Sobreira-Neto Manoel Alves , Zanini Marcio Andrei , Margis Regina , Martinez Sandra Cristina Gonçalves 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChronic insomnia disorder (simplified in this document as insomnia) is an increasingly common clinical condition in society and a frequent complaint at the offices of different areas of health practice (particularly Medicine and Psychology). This scenario has been accompanied by a significant evolution in treatment, as well as challenges in approaching patients in an appropriately way. This clinical guideline, coordinated by the Brazilian Sleep Association and the Brazilian Association of Sleep Medicine and counting on the active participation of various specialists in the area, encompasses an update on the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia in adults. To this end, it followed a structured methodology. Topics of interest related to diagnosis were written based on theoretical framework, evidence in the literature, and professional experience. As for the topics related to the treatment of insomnia, a series of questions were developed based on the PICO acronym (P – Patient, problem, or population; I – Intervention; C – Comparison, control, or comparator; O – Outcome). The work groups defined the eligible options within each of these parameters. Regarding pharmacological interventions, only the ones currently available in Brazil or possibly becoming available in the upcoming years were considered eligible. Systematic reviews were conducted to help prepare the texts and define the level of evidence for each intervention. The final result is an objective and practical document providing recommendations with the best scientific support available to professionals involved in the management of insomnia.
Preparing an Abstract for Scientific Conferences and Publications: A Beginner's Guide
Authors: Jena Anuraag , Ahuja Vivek 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn abstract is a window to a research work. It describes the work in 250 to 500 words in either a structured or an unstructured format. The aim, methods, results, and conclusion are the core components. The integral aspect of writing an abstract is summarizing the entire work in limited words that not only gives away important data but also gives a clear message to its readers. In the fast-rising world of publications, abstracts are often the decisive factor in initial editorial decisions of acceptance or rejection. Good abstracts may improve citations of a work because these are often the only freely available part of the article. Graphical abstracts are becoming an integral part of submission requirements in most journals and tend to depict content figuratively. Although a book can never be judged by its cover, a well-written abstract will always draw attention to the work of the author. This article will act as guidance for writing a good abstract and familiarize readers with all components of the abstract.
Effects of 3D Airway Geometry on the Airflow of Adults with Cleft Lip and Palate and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Functional Imaging Study
Authors: Campos Leticia Dominguez , Trindade Inge Elly Kiemle , Trindade Sergio Henrique Kiemle , Pimenta Luiz André Freire , Kimbell Julia , Drake Amelia , Marzano-Rodrigues Maria Noel , Trindade-Suedam Ivy Kiemle 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective Individuals with cleft lip and palate (CLP) are at a high risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Hypothetically, the severity of OSA might be associated with the morphology of the upper airway (UAW) and the characteristics of the airflow. Thus, the present study aimed to assess and compare, in adults with CLP and skeletal class-III discrepancy, with or without OSA, simulations of airflow resistance and pressure according to the geometrical characteristics of the UAW and cephalometric parameters.
Materials and Methods According to the results of type-I polysomnography tests, the sample (n = 21) was allocated in 2 groups: 1) without OSA (N-OSA; n = 6); and 2) with OSA (OSA; n = 15). Cephalometric measurements were performed on the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of the groups. After three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions, the volume (V) and minimal cross-sectional area (mCSA) of the UAW were generated. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were used to assess key airflow characteristics. The results were presented at a significance level of 5%.
Results The UAW pressure values and airway resistance did not differ between the groups, but there was a tendency for more negative pressures (26%) and greater resistance (19%) in the OSA group. Volume and mCSA showed a moderate negative correlation with resistance and pressure. The more inferior the hyoid bone, the more negative the pressures generated on the pharyngeal walls.
Conclusion The position of the hyoid bone and the geometry of the UAW (V and mCSA) exerted effects on the airway-airflow resistance and pressure. However, key airflow characteristics did not differ among subjects with CLP, were they affected or not by OSA.
Effects of Acute Sleep Deprivation on the Sequential Rate of Torque Development throughout the Force-Time Curve
Authors: Gonçalves André Dias , Pezarat-Correia Pedro , Vila-Chã Carolina , Mendonça Gonçalo Vilhena 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective The impact of sleep deprivation on the physiological determinants of explosive torque production remains poorly understood. We aimed at determining the acute effects of 24 hours of sleep deprivation on the sequential rate of torque development (RTD) obtained during plantar flexion through maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC).
Materials and Methods The study included 14 healthy-young adults (8 men and 6 women). The participants visited the laboratory on 2 different occasions: without and with 24 hours of sleep deprivation. In each session, the subjects were tested for RTD of the plantar flexors with concomitant recordings of the electromyographic (EMG) amplitude of the soleus over the following time intervals: 0 to 30, 30 to 50, 50 to 100, and 100 to 150 ms.
Results Sleep deprivation did not affect peak RTD (without sleep deprivation: 283.3 ± 111.6 N.m.s−1 versus with sleep deprivation: 294.9 ± 99.2 N.m.s−1; p > 0.05) of plantar flexion. The sequential values of RTD, as well as the normalized amplitude of the soleus EMG, remained similar between both conditions (p > 0.05).
Discussion In conclusion, we found that 24 hours of sleep deprivation do not affect muscle activation, nor explosive torque production throughout the torque-time curve. Thus, exercise performance and daily functionality in tasks involving rapid torque development might remain well preserved after 24 hours of acute sleep deprivation.
Condylar Position in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea with a Mandibular Advancement Device: A Pilot Study
Authors: Gurgel Marcela , Kurita Lucio , Fonteles Cristiane , Ribeiro Thyciana , Costa Fabio , Freitas Benedito , Bruin Veralice , Cevidanes Lucia , Chaves-Junior Cauby 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective To evaluate, through a tomographic analysis, the positional changes of the condyle when using a mandibular advancement device (MAD) for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and to assess if the condylar positions influence OSA polysomnographic patterns.
Materials and Methods Ten OSA patients underwent treatment with an MAD, and polysomnographic and tomographic examinations were performed before therapy (T0) and after MAD placement (T1).
Results By comparing the T0 and T1 measurements, we observed advancement and extrusion of the condyles in all patients (p < 0.001), as well as a decrease in the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) (p < 0.001), increases in the mean (p = 0.001) and minimum (p < 0.001) oxyhemoglobin saturation, and a significant correlation between the anterior displacement of the right (p = 0.003) and left (p = 0.015) condyles.
Discussion Condylar advancement was directly correlated with OSA improvement: the greater the advancement, the better the AHI.
Breakfast Eating Habits and Its Influence on Nutritional Status
Authors: Haldar Pratiti , James Alex , Negi Uma 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background Breakfast intake is considered as one of the most important factors in nutrition for adolescents, but the intake of breakfast has declined in past 25 years especially among adolescents. Breakfast not only fuels your body but also aids in carrying out whole day activities by providing the required energy.
Objectives The objectives of the study were to identify the breakfast eating and skipping patterns, identify the nutritional status, and find association between breakfast skipping and nutritional status among nursing students.
Methods To achieve this aim, a cross-sectional survey was performed among nursing students. The data related to patterns of breakfast skipping and eating was collected followed by assessment of nutritional status by checking weight and height of each student and was interpreted as per the World Health Organization criteria.
Results Out of 437 samples, a majority of 305 (69.8%) students belonged to (17–21) years of age and most of the students 409 (93.6%) were females. It was found that approximately 214 (48.97%) students were skipping breakfast three times in a week. A significant association was found between nutritional status and breakfast skipping (χ2 = 6.61, p = 0.03).
Conclusion Breakfast being first meal of the day not only provides us energy but also maintains our nutrition on everyday basis. Thereby, the study concludes that breakfast skipping affects nutritional status if skipped for more than twice in a week on a longer run. Thus, the students should be motivated to have breakfast before beginning their everyday's activity.
Characterising earth scent
Authors: Busby Ryan R. , Conrady Morgan W. , Jo Kyoo D. , Cropek Donald M. 
Published: November 2023

Environmental context Everyone is familiar with the earth odour that comes from digging in the soil. We measured the chemicals comprising this odour and studied how the environment influences how much of these chemicals are released from disturbed soils. Understanding what conditions affect emission of these compounds from soils could provide new technologies for remotely assessing soil health and what people are doing to soils. Rationale Earth scent is the odour emitted from soils. This scent, primarily comprising the alcohols geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), has not been fully characterised, but offers high potential for use as an environmental interrogation tool. Methodology We utilised our field-based, solid-phase microextraction fibre method to test the hypothesis that soil activity and soil property variation can be detected in situ by comparing biogenic volatile emissions. Results We eliminated sources of error utilising field-based sampling with these fibres, concluding that room temperature storage for up to 7 days is acceptable with minimal loss. Variation in individual fibre affinity for both compounds was higher than expected but no measured concentrations were observed to constitute outliers. Disturbance of minor soil volumes led to significantly higher emission of both compounds over background levels. Soil texture and soil cover had a significant effect on the emission of both compounds. Simulated rainfall, producing the characteristic odour known as petrichor, initiates elevated emission of geosmin. Background (undisturbed soil) concentrations of MIB were occasionally detectable during some sampling events, but geosmin concentrations in the air were always below detection limits without soil disturbance. Virtually all background and disturbed soil samples contained much higher concentrations of MIB compared to geosmin, but geosmin variation between replicates and experimental units was much lower. Discussion Soil disturbance and soil property variation can be remotely detected using emission of volatile compounds. Correlating emission from the soil with respect to disturbance events and environmental properties could yield a powerful new tool for acquiring soil information.
Enregistering Grammatical Gender: Indexing Brabantishness through Languagecultural Practices in Digital Tiles
Authors: Doreleijers Kristel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the southern Dutch province of North Brabant, local dialect use is declining sharply. Dialect leveling and loss lead to convergence to standard Dutch, and simultaneously to divergence that is reflected in increasing variation, that is, hyperdialectisms. This can be clearly observed in morphosyntactic features such as the adnominal masculine gender suffix -e(n). The current study investigates the sociolinguistic enregisterment of this suffix in 336 multimodal “tiles” with Brabantish aphorisms and jokes on Instagram. Based on digital and interview data, it shows how linguistic structure, situated use, and metalinguistic awareness (i.e., Silverstein’s total linguistic fact) are constantly interrelated. It is argued that the gender suffix acquires indexical social meaning at the expense of grammatical function, as its (hyperdialectal) use becomes associated with and recognizable for a place-based identity (“Brabantishness”). This research offers insights into how this meaning-making process is enhanced by co-occurring linguistic and nonlinguistic resources in mediated “languagecultural” practices.
Instability enhanced thermalization of bi-Maxwellian EEDF in multi-dipole confined hot cathode discharge: an experimental observation
Authors: Jiang Di , Yip Chi-Shung , Jin Chen-Yao , Zhang Wei , Wang Liang , Xu Guo-Sheng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In multi-dipole confined hot cathode discharges, the presence of up to three distinct electron species has been observed by performing linear fitting of the Langmuir probe I–V traces. Nevertheless, the fundamental mechanism underlying the generation of hot electrons remains ambiguous. This work presents experimental observations to comprehensively investigate the impact of the instability-enhanced thermalization effect on the thermal equilibrium of both hot and cold electrons. Temperature composition of the electron energy distribution function (EEDF) was measured via a Langmuir probe, while instabilities was measured using a spectrum analyzer. The experimental results confirm the existence of a transition from a three-temperature Maxwellian EEDF composition to a two-temperature Maxwellian EEDF composition as the population of high-energy electrons increases. Furthermore, the process of thermalization between hot and cold electrons is found to be correlated to the effect of instability-enhanced collisions. The intensity of collisional instability also decreases with increased neutral collisionality.
Effect of ambient argon pressure on the structural, optical and electrical properties of non-crystalline Se85Te3Bi12 nano-thin films
Authors: Srivastava Aditya , Khan Zishan H , Khan Shamshad A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this research work, we have synthesized non-crystalline Se85Te3Bi12 chalcogenide glasses by conventional melt quenching technique. The differential scanning calorimetry measurement of the synthesized specimen was done to confirm the glassy as well as non-crystalline nature of the bulk Se85Te3Bi12 alloy. The nano-thin films of thickness 30 nm of the synthesized sample at two different ambient argon pressures (1 Torr and 3 Torr) were made using the physical vapor condensation technique at a constant substrate temperature of 77 K using liquid nitrogen. The non-appearance of prominent peaks in the high-resolution x-ray diffractometer profile confirmed the non-crystalline nature of synthesized nano-thin films. The morphological analysis of the prepared nano-thin films using Field emission scanning electron microscopy confirmed the nanochalcogenide having particle size ranges from 30–90 nm. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy suggests the presence of moisture and carbon impurities in the prepared nano-thin films. The broad optical transmission shadow observed in the FTIR results is an essential requirement for new-generation IR systems. Based on UV-visible spectroscopy, optical parameters such as optical absorption coefficients, Urbach energy, optical band gaps, Tauc’s parameter and extinction coefficients were measured for synthesized Se85Te3Bi12 nano-thin films. The value of absorption coefficients, Tauc’s parameters, optical band gap and extinction coefficients increases with the increase of ambient argon pressure. The outcome of these studies recommends that these materials can be a preeminent candidate for photovoltaic applications. Photoluminescence spectroscopy results are accredited to the accumulation of non-crystalline nanochalcogenide particles on the substrates. DC conductivity measurements further confirm the semiconducting nature of the nanochalcogenide Se85Te3Bi12 thin films.