bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and risk factors for dementia and mild cognitive impairment among older people in Southeast China: a community-based study
Authors: Jiang Bin , Liu Qi , Li Jian-Peng , Lin Si-Ning , Wan Hui-Juan , Yu Zi-Wen , Wang Jing , Zhuang Wei , Tang Jia-Hui , Chen Cai-Hong , Li Fa-Yin , Bi Min , Xiao Nai-An , Zheng Kun-Mu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
As the aging population grows, there is a rapid increase in the number of individuals with dementia in China. We aimed to conduct a community-based study on the prevalence and risk factors for dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among older adults in China.
Methods
In this study, 20070 individuals aged ≥ 65 were recruited between January 1st, 2022, and February 1st, 2023, from ten communities in Xiamen City, China. We collected data on age, sex, level of education, and medical history, as well as global cognition and functional status. The prevalence of dementia and MCI was examined, and the risk factors for the different groups were assessed.
Results
The overall prevalence of dementia and MCI was approximately 5.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.1–5.7) and 7.7% (95% CI, 7.4–8.1), respectively. The results also indicated that dementia and MCI share similar risk factors, including older age, female sex, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Compared to individuals with no formal education, those with > 6 years of education had an odds ratio for MCI of 1.93 (95% CI, 1.57–2.38). We also found that only 5.5% of the positive participants chose to be referred to the hospital for further diagnosis and treatment during follow-up visits.
Conclusions
We estimated the prevalence and risk factors of dementia and MCI among individuals aged 65 years or older in Southeast China. These findings are crucial for preventing and managing dementia and MCI in China.
Effect Of Internet and Video Games On Blood Pressure Parameters In Adolescents
Authors: YETİŞGİN Hande , İNÖZÜ Mihriban , ÇÖP Esra , OZLU Sare Gülfem 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Hypertension is an increasing and important health problem among children and adolescents. It is already known that sedentary behaviors are associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors, obesity and increased blood pressure. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of internet addiction and video games on ambulatory blood pressure parameters.
Methods
Children aged between 12 and 18 years old who were referred to our pediatric nephrology outpatient clinic for evaluation of hypertension were included Demographic data and clinical and laboratory findings were obtained from hospital records. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed to confirm the presence of hypertension. Young Internet Addiction Scale and Internet Gaming Disorder Scale scores were compared with ABPM parameters.
Results
Of the 107 patients included in our study, 40 were girls and 67 were boys. The mean age was 14.9 ± 1.8 years. According to ABPM measurements, 43 (40.2%) of 107 patients were normotensive, 24 (22.4%) were prehypertensive, and 40 (37.4%) were hypertensive. We detected that although it did not reach statistical significance, as the test scores increased, the overall mean systolic blood pressure also increased. As Young's Internet Addiction test score increased, the maximum daytime systolic blood pressure and mean daytime systolic blood pressure increased.
Conclusion
Video game playing and increased time spent on the Internet may also lead to the development of hypertension independent of obesity. Therefore, we think that problematic internet use and video game playing disorders should be evaluated when investigating hypertensive children and adolescents.
Survey on Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) of Malaria Prevention and Control among Chinese Expatriates in South Sudan
Authors: Su Qian , Yu Yongqi , Chen He , Li Jiabin , Gao Yufeng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background:Malaria is a major health risk faced by Chinese expatriates working in South Sudan. The purpose of this study is to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of Chinese expatriates in South Sudan towards malaria prevention and control, analyze the influencing factors, and provide a basis for reducing the morbidity and mortality of malaria.
Methods: By distributing questionnaires, data on socio-demographic characteristics of Chinese expatriates in South Sudan, and information on their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards malaria prevention and control were collected from April 5th to 12th, 2023.
Results:Of the 402 respondents, none had a history of malaria before coming to South Sudan, the malaria infection rate was 41.29% (166/402). 72.14% of respondents were familiar with knowledge related to malaria prevention and control; 95.02% had a positive attitude towards malaria prevention and control; 89.80% would take active measures to prevent and control malaria in their daily lives. Of the six independent variables included in a binary Logistic regression model, age (OR=1.033, 95% CI: 1.006-1.061, P-value=0.016), cumulative length of time in South Sudan (OR=4.459, 95% CI: 2.650-7.502, P-value＜0.001), and knowledge scores (OR=0.873, 95% CI: 0.814-0.936, P-value＜0.001) were risk factors for contracting malaria.
Conclusions: KAP of Chinese expatriates in South Sudan towards malaria prevention and control is generally excellent. Strengthening health education on malaria prevention and control is an effective, feasible, and sustainable strategy to reduce the risk of malaria.
Relationship between Psychosocial Work Hazards and Occupational Burnout among Direct Care Staff at Service Institutions for Individuals with Physical and Mental Disabilities
Authors: Lin Jin-Ding , Lin Lan-Ping 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Understanding the relationship between workplace hazards and occupational burnout among direct care staff at disability service institutions is crucial for cultivating positive workplace environments for employees at such institutions. This study investigated this relationship among direct support staff at disability service institutions and examined the factors associated with occupational burnout.
Methods
The Chinese versions of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, Effort–Reward Imbalance Model, and Demand–Control–Support Model were used to evaluate the work hazards and occupational burnout of direct care staff working at disability service institutions. A total of 361 Taiwanese direct care staff aged ≧ 20 years from six disability service institutions in Taiwan were recruited through convenience sampling, and the data were analyzed via SPSS 22.0 software.
Results
The mean total psychological job demands score was 19.4 ± 2.6 (range = 13–28), and the total job control score was 65.1 ± 7.7 (range = 42–96). The mean physical job demands score was 2.9 ± 0.6 (range = 1–4), and the total occupational burnout score was 7.7 ± 3.6 (range = 0–20). The correlation matrix revealed a significant relationship between individual psychosocial work hazards and occupational burnout (p < 0.01). Finally, a multivariate multiple regression model revealed that shift work, total job control, psychological job demands, and physical job demands were significantly associated with the total occupational burnout score after controlling for participants’ demographic factors (R2 = 0.454, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
According to these findings, disability service institutions can cultivate positive workplace environments by understanding the workplace conditions, job stress, and personal characteristics of their employees and the interactions among them and by analyzing the effects of these factors on occupational burnout and workplace fatigue.
Acute Glomerulonephritis associated with Echinococcal Multilocularis: A Case Report from Ethiopia and a literature review
Authors: Seleshi Tigist , Melkie Addisu , Aberra Beka , Teju Sebhatleab 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Echinococcosis is a parasitic disease caused by the Echinococcus granulosus complex, E. multilocularis, or E. vogeli, that results in cysts commonly in the liver and lung. Renal involvement is a rare phenomenon.
Case Presentation
A 21-year-old female patient presented with four days history of progressively decreasing urine output with reddish discoloration, flank pain, and intermittent fever. Following admission, the diagnosis of a liver hydatid cyst was made incidentally with an abdominal ultrasound. She was treated with IV antibiotics for pyelonephritis, Albendazole was given, and liver cysts were surgically removed, after which, she had significant improvement.
Conclusion
Glomerular disease related to echinococcosis is poorly understood, and the immune complex-related mechanism of glomerular damage is currently the most widely accepted theory explaining this association. Our case report will strengthen the question of a definite association between echinococcus granulosus as a cause of post-infectious glomerulonephritis and incite further studies.
Polymorphisms in genes related to inflammation and endothelial function are associated with ischemic stroke and other vascular events in populations at high risk of stroke Short title: A community-based survey and cohort study in southwestern China
Authors: Chen Hong , Luo Hua , Zhou Ju , Yu Ming , Qing Ting , Wang Yanfen , Shao Minjie , Wei Wei , Yi Xingyang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
To investigate the incidence of ischemic stroke and other vascular events in a population at high risk of stroke and to identify associations of the 19 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes related to inflammation and endothelial function and interaction among these SNPs with outcomes.
Methods
According to the China National Stroke Screening Survey program, we performed this multi-center community-based sectional survey and prospective cohort study in the Sichuan of southwestern China from May 2015 to January 2020. The residents from 8 randomly selected communities volunteered to participate in a face-to-face survey. The 19 SNPs in endothelial function and inflammation genes were measured in the high-risk stroke population. A longitudinal study was conducted to assess the outcomes of recruited people who were at high risk for stroke. These patients were followed up for 4.7 years following a face-to-face survey. The primary outcome was a new ischemic stroke, and the secondary outcome was a composite of new vascular events.
Results
In the cohort of 2698 individuals who were followed up for 4.7 years, 192 subjects (7.1%) experienced various outcomes. Among them, 118 subjects (4.4%) suffered from new ischemic stroke, 24 subjects (0.9%) experienced hemorrhagic stroke, 53 subjects (2.0%) developed myocardial infarction, and 33 subjects (1.2%) passed away. There were significant differences in genotype distribution of TNF rs3093662, IL6Rrs4845625, and TLR4 rs752998 between subjects with and without outcomes by univariate analyses. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) analysis showed a significant SNP-SNP interaction among the 19 SNPs. The best outcome model was interaction among IL6R rs4845625, TLR4 rs1927911, and HABP2 rs932650 (P = 0.004). The high-risk interactive genotypes among the 3 SNPs were independently associated with a higher risk for new ischemic stroke (OR = 2.187, 95%CI: 1.256–5.374, P<0.001) and total vascular events (OR = 2.382, 95%CI: 1.423–5.894, P<0.001) after adjustment with covariates.
Conclusion
Subjects within the high-risk stroke group exhibited a substantially higher occurrence of ischemic stroke and other vascular events. There were associations of specific SNPs in genes related to inflammation and endothelial function with outcomes. The high-risk interactive genotypes among IL6R rs4845625, TLR4 rs1927911, and HABP2 rs932650 were independently associated with a higher risk for new ischemic stroke and other vascular events.
Spatial Temperature Prediction - A Machine Learning and GIS Perspective
Authors: Sailaja B , Gayatri S. , Rathod Santosha , Padmavathi Ch. , Kumar R. Nagarjuna , Sundaram R. M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Temperature plays a crucial role in influencing the growth and development of crops. Rice, being a significant cereal crop, is highly sensitive to both low and high temperature stresses. Upcoming season temperature forecasts help in site-specific crop management, such as assessing crop growth, pest outbreaks, and suggesting heat-tolerant varieties and prediction models. This paper focuses on the prediction of temperatures using a combination of GIS and machine learning models. The study involved in the estimation of daily maximum temperatures for India, by utilizing the Random Forest algorithm within a machine learning model. The training and testing dataset encompassed Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) grid-based daily temperature data (307 grid points across 365 days) from 2010 to 2019. In contrast, the data for 2020 was reserved as a validation dataset. Since the daily temperature data is available for only 307 grid points and there are more than 700 districts in India, GIS tool has been used for estimating temperatures at unknown points using spatial interpolation method. QGIS software was employed to handle the spatial interpolation of grid-based data using Thiessen polygons. The model's performance was evaluated using the R-squared (R2) values, which ranged between 0.8 and 0.9, indicating a strong and accurate performance of the model. The model performed particularly well when comparing the predicted temperature values for 2020 with the validation dataset, as evidenced by a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.88. Furthermore, it demonstrates that machine learning algorithms, combined with GIS models, are capable of spatial temperature prediction when forecasting large-scale temperature patterns across India. The ability to continually update the training data with real-time IMD information enhances self-learning modules and results in more accurate temperature predictions enabling the timely generation site-specific crop management advisories.
Correlation between central venous oxygen saturation and tissue oxygen saturation measured using time-resolved spectroscopy after major surgery: a prospective observational study
Authors: Kurita Shuichiro , Hiruma Masataka , Honda Hiroyuki , Nishiyama Kei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The correlation between tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) measured using time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy (t-NIRS) and central venous blood oxygen saturation (ScvO2) remains unclear. This study aimed to verify whether ScvO2 could be noninvasively monitored and estimated using t-NIRS.
Methods
This observational study enrolled patients aged ≥ 18 years who had a central venous line catheter inserted through the internal jugular vein and entered the intensive care unit postoperatively. The study utilized t-NIRS to measure neck tissue oxygen saturation (StO2_neck) and thenar eminence tissue oxygen saturation (StO2_thenar), and ScvO2 was measured to analyze the correlation and concordance between the two.
Results
The coefficient of correlation between StO2_neck and ScvO2 was 0.43 (p < 0.05), whereas that between StO2_thenar and ScvO2 was 0.34 (p = 0.12). Bland–Altman analysis showed mean differences between StO2_neck and ScvO2, as well as between StO2_thenar and ScvO2 (± standard deviation, 95% limits of agreement) of 11. 8% (± 7.1%, -2.1–25.7%) and 14.4% (± 10.2%, -5.6–34.4%), respectively. The bias in StO2_neck was significantly associated with diastolic blood pressure and internal jugular vein diameter. However, no factors were found to be associated with the bias in the hands.
Conclusion
StO2 _neck demonstrated a significant correlation and concordance with ScvO2. However, a bias was observed that was associated with diastolic blood pressure and transverse length of the internal jugular vein. t-NIRS is an important measurement for respiratory and circulatory monitoring. Incorporating factors such as blood pressure and ultrasound findings can enhance the accuracy of ScvO2 estimation.
Trial registration
: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital (2023-0021, May 23rd, 2023).
The Impact of Implementation of Oral Dextrose Gel on the Incidence of Multiple Hypoglycemia Events in the Well Newborn Nursery
Authors: Vaidyanathan Lakshmy , Reid Davika , Yuan Yingchao , Groves Alan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective: Evaluate the impact of 40% oral dextrose gel (DG) for management of neonatal hypoglycemia (NH) on the incidence of multiple hypoglycemic events in the well-baby nursery.
Study Design: A retrospective chart review of 738 at-risk infants in 2 cohorts before (Cohort 1) and after (Cohort 2) DG implementation. Primary outcome was the incidence of ≥2 hypoglycemic episodes. Secondary outcomes were median number of hypoglycemia events per infant, lowest median glucose level, and incidence of NICU admission.
Results: There were 384 and 354 at-risk newborns in Cohorts 1 & 2. Incidence of multiple hypoglycemia episodes decreased following DG implementation [62(42.5%) vs 29(25.9%), p=0.0058]. Median (range) number of hypoglycemic episodes per infant also decreased [1 (1-6) vs 1 (1-5), p=0.046]. There were no differences in lowest glucose level [37 (14-45) vs 37 (10-45), p=0.31] or NICU admission rate [31 (21.2%) vs 21 (18.8%), p=0.62].
Conclusions:Implementation of DG lowers the incidence of subsequent multiple hypoglycemia events.
Interplay of zinc deficiency, epithelial microdamage, and Escherichia coli infection in a mouse model of oral lichen planus
Authors: Choi Youngnim , Vo Phuc , Park Joo-Young , Kim Hyeong-jin , Yoon Hye-Jung , Chang Sung-Ho 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic T-cell-mediated inflammatory mucosal disease of unknown etiology. The lack of suitable animal models has hampered understanding of its etiopathogenesis. This study aimed to elucidate the contribution of bacterial infection and zinc deficiency (ZD) to the pathogenic processes underlying OLP by developing a murine model. After subjecting to standard or zinc-deficient diets, C57BL/6 mice underwent labial mucosal microdamage via scratching, followed by oral administration of OLP-isolated Escehrichia coli 7.2. Scratching alone triggered bacterial translocation to the epithelium and lamina propria, upregulated Mmp9, increased immune responses in the cervical lymph nodes, and augmented CD4+ T-cell recruitment to labial mucosae. E. coli infection intensified these responses, in strong synergism with ZD, which shifted the Th response from Th1 to Th17 dominance. Repeated scratching plus E. coli infection amplified T-cell recruitment, even without ZD, leading to the development of severe inflammatory foci in the labial mucosa, characterized by colloid bodies and disrupted basement membranes. Interestingly, Th1 blockade during E. coli infection hindered bacterial clearance in the epithelium and caused detachment of the epithelium from the underlying lamina propria with dense inflammatory infiltrates. This suggests that the Th1/IFNγ pathway may not be a suitable therapeutic target for OLP. In conclusion, OLP-like histopathology in the oral mucosa was induced through E. coli infection, synergized by repeated epithelial microdamage, ZD, or Th1 blockade. This animal model provides a valuable platform for exploring specific hypotheses related to OLP pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.
Development and validation of a risk prediction model for invasiveness of pure ground-glass nodules based on a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Yantao , Zhang Libin , Wang Han , Zhao Jie , Liu Jun , Chen Yun , Lu Jiagui , Duan Yaowu , Hu Huilian , Peng Hao , Ye Lianhua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Assessing the aggressiveness of pure ground glass nodules early on significantly aids in making informed clinical decisions.
Objective: Developing a predictive model to assess the aggressiveness of pure ground glass nodules in lung adenocarcinoma is the study's goal.
Methods: A comprehensive search for studies on the relationship between CT characteristics and the aggressiveness of pure ground glass nodules was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Wanfang, CNKI, VIP, and CBM, up to December 20, 2023. Two independent researchers were responsible for screening literature, extracting data, and assessing the quality of the studies. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 20.0, with the training data derived from this analysis. To identify publication bias, Begg's test were employed. This meta-analysis facilitated the creation of a risk prediction model for invasive adenocarcinoma in pure ground glass nodules. Data on clinical presentation and CT imaging features of patients treated surgically for these nodules at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, from September 2020 to September 2023, were compiled and scrutinized using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The model's effectiveness for predicting invasive adenocarcinoma risk in pure ground glass nodules was validated using ROC curves, calibration curves, and decision analysis curves.
Results: In this analysis, 17 studies were incorporated. Key variables included in the model were the largest diameter of the lesion, average CT value, presence of pleural traction, and spiculation. The derived formula from the meta-analysis was: 1.16×the largest lesion diameter + 0.01 × the average CT value + 0.66 ×pleural traction + 0.44 × spiculation. This model underwent validation using an external set of 512 pure ground glass nodules, demonstrating robustness with an ROC curve area of 0.880 (95% CI: 0.852-0.909). The calibration curve indicated accurate predictions, and the decision analysis curve suggested high clinical applicability of the model.
Conclusion: We established a predictive model for determining the invasiveness of pure ground-glass nodules, incorporating four key radiological indicators. This model is both straightforward and effective for identifying patients with a high likelihood of invasive adenocarcinoma.
Parental Primary Language, Access to Care, And Parental Report of Developmental Delays Among Premature Infants
Authors: Sternad Lindsay , McPheeters Melissa , Heinrich Carolyn , Gonzales Gilbert , Patrick Stephen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives: We sought to determine if premature infants of Spanish-speaking caregivers had poorer access to healthcare and higher prevalence of reported developmental delays compared to an English-speaking cohort.
Methods:This study used 2016-2018 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) data. Our outcomes were (1) various measure of access to healthcare and (2) caregiver reported developmental delay.
Results: Premature children in Spanish-speaking families were less likely to have a medical home (29.1% vs. 49.3%, p<0.001) or primary care provider (58.0% vs. 73.7%, p<0.001); their caregivers were more likely to report their child having difficulty using their hands (28.1% vs. 11.3%, p=0.03) but less likely to report having a formal diagnosis of developmental delay (8.7% vs. 14.5%, p = 0.05).
Conclusions: In a national sample, Spanish-speaking families of premature infants reported difficulty accessing a medical home, preventative services, and a formal diagnosis of developmental delay, despite reporting more concerns about specific delays.