bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
gp49B1 suppresses stem cell factor‐induced mast cell activation‐secretion and attendant inflammation in vivo
Authors: Feldweg Anna M. , Friend Daniel S. , Zhou Joseph S. , Kanaoka Yoshihide , Daheshia Massoud , Li Lin , Austen K. Frank , Katz Howard R. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractWe report that gp49B1, a mast cell membrane receptor with two immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based inhibitory motifs (ITIM), constitutively inhibits mast cell activation‐secretion induced by stem cell factor (SCF), a tissue‐derived cytokine that also regulates mast cell development. The intradermal injection of SCF into the ears of gp49B1 null (gp49B–/–) mice elicited∼4‐ and 2.5‐fold more degranulating mast cells and tissue swelling caused by edema, respectively, than in gp49B+/+ mice. SCF did not induce tissue swelling in mast cell‐deficient mice, and the responsiveness of gp49B–/– mice to mast cell‐associated amine and lipid mediators was unaltered. When gp49B+/+ and gp49B–/– mice were pretreated with antagonists of the amines, SCF‐induced tissue swelling was reduced by >90% and 60%, respectively, and it was reduced by >90% in both genotypes when a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist was also provided. Hence, the dominant contribution of secretory granule amines to SCF‐induced tissue swelling is the result of gp49B1‐mediated inhibition of the production of cysteinyl leukotrienes by mast cells. Our findings also provide the first example of an ITIM‐bearing receptor that constitutively suppresses inflammation generated in vivo independently of the adaptive immune response by a receptor that signals through intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity rather than immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based activation motifs.
Correction: IL‐10 is crucial for the transition from acute to chronic disease state during infection of mice with Schistosoma mansoni
Authors: Sadler C. H. , Rutitzky L. I. , Stadecker M. J. , Wilson Barbara R. A. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractVol. 33(4) 2003, pp 880‐888Pages 882 (Fig. 2) and 883 (Fig. 5)The x‐axis label in Fig. 2 should have the same sampling times post‐infection as Fig. 1. The legend to Fig. 5 should be amended to read: blue nuclei, red collagen and yellow connective tissue or hepatic parenchyma.
Effect of Mixed Pendant Groups on the Solution Properties of 12‐Membered Azapyridinomacrocycles: Evaluation of the Protonation Constants and the Stability Constants of the Europium(III) Complexes
Authors: Siaugue Jean‐Michel , Favre‐Réguillon Alain , Dioury Fabienne , Plancque Gabriel , Foos Jacques , Madic Charles , Moulin Christophe , Guy Alain 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThe protonation constants (logKiH) of new N‐acetate or N‐propionate substituted azamacrocycles derived from 12‐membered pyridinoazamacrocycles were determined by potentiometric methods. The number of coordinated water molecules, determined from the luminescence lifetime of the EuIII complexes, indicates a decreasing degree of hydration upon increasing the ring size of the pendant arms. Each ligand forms a 1:1 complex with EuIII, for which the stability constants (logKtherm) have been measured by time‐resolved laser‐induced europium luminescence. The replacement of acetate pendant groups by propionate increases the overall basicity of 12‐membered pyridinoazamacrocycles but decreases the stability constant of the EuIII complexes from logK = 21.1 with three N‐acetate pendant arms to logK = 13.7 with two N‐propionate and one N‐acetate pendant arms and to logK = 10.7 with three N‐propionate pendant arms. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Monomeric 1‐Borylimidazoles: Syntheses, Structure and Reactivity of 1‐[Bis(diisopropylamino)boryl]imidazoles
Authors: Görz Daniela , Pritzkow Hans , Siebert Walter 
Published: July 2003

AbstractReactions of chlorobis(diisopropylamino)borane with 1‐(trimethylsilyl)imidazole and 4,5‐dimethyl‐1‐(trimethylsilyl)imidazole lead to the monomeric 1‐borylimidazoles 3a and 3b. Treatment of 3a with the Lewis acid BF3 results in the quantitative formation of the corresponding trifluoroborane adduct 4a. In contrast, 3a reacts with the stronger Lewis acids BCl3, BBr3, and BI3 to partially substitute the diisopropylamino groups and form the corresponding adducts, depending on the Lewis acidity of the reagent; 3a forms, with Mo(CO)5thf and Cp′Mn(CO)2thf, the complexes 3‐[(OC)5Mo]3a (8) and 3‐[(OC)2Cp′Mn]3a (6). The product compositions agree with spectroscopic and analytical data and with X‐ray structure analyses of 3a, 3b, 4a, 8, and 9. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Designing Ionic Liquids: 1‐Butyl‐3‐Methylimidazolium Cations with Substituted Tetraphenylborate Counterions
Authors: van den Broeke Joep , Stam Marjolijn , Lutz Martin , Kooijman Huub , Spek Anthony L. , Deelman Berth‐Jan , van Koten Gerard 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThe hydrophobic, low melting, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium (BMIm) salts [BMIm][BPh4] (1), [BMIm][B(C6H4Me‐4)4] (2), [BMIm][B{C6H4(CF3)‐4}4] (3), [BMIm][B{C6H3(CF3)2‐3,5}4] (4), [BMIm][B{C6H4(C6F13)‐4}4] (5), [BMIm][B{C6H4(SiMe3)‐4}4] (6), [BMIm][B(C6H4{SiMe2(CH2CH2CF3)}‐4)4] (7), [BMIm][B{C6H4(SiMe2C8H17}‐4}4] (8) and [BMIm][B(C6H4{SiMe2(CH2CH2C6F13)}‐4)4] (9) have been prepared. Systematic variation of the substituents on the tetraphenylborate anion allowed an assessment of their influence on the physical properties of the imidazolium salts. Structural investigations using NMR and IR spectroscopy, combined with single crystal X‐ray structure determinations for 2, 3, 5 and 6, revealed hydrogen‐bonding interactions between the imidazolium ring protons and the borate anion, both in the solid state and in solution. These interactions are weakened upon the introduction of electron‐withdrawing substituents in the anion and follow the order 3,5‐(CF3)2 < −C6F13 < −CF3 < −SiMe2CH2CH2C6F13 < −SiMe2CH2CH2CF3 < −H < −Me < −SiMe3. The melting points of the salts depend primarily on the bulk of the lipophilic substituents, and decrease with increasing size. Bulky lipophilic substituents dramatically enhance the solubility of the imidazolium borates 8 and 9 in hexane and reduce their relative polarity. These unique properties make imidazolium borates 8 and 9 interesting as amphiphilic ionic liquids with low polarity. Attempts to crystallise 7 resulted in decomposition. A single‐crystal X‐ray structure determination of the product, isolated in 6% yield, showed that a carbene−tris[4‐{dimethyl(3,3,3‐trifluoropropyl)silyl}phenyl]borane adduct was formed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Preparation of Hydroxylamine Complexes of Ruthenium(II), Osmium(II) and Iridium(III)
Authors: Albertin Gabriele , Antoniutti Stefano , Beraldo Samuele , Chimisso Fabio 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThe hydroxylamine complexes [MH(NH2OH)P4]BPh4 (M = Ru, Os) and [Ru(NH2OH)2P4](BPh4)2 [P = P(OEt)3, PPh(OEt)2] were prepared by allowing the triflate species MH(κ1‐OSO2CF3)P4 and [Ru(κ2‐O2SOCF3)P4]+ to react with an excess of hydroxylamine. The iridium complexes [IrCl2(NH2OH)PL2]BPh4 [P = P(OEt)3, PPh(OEt)2; L = PPh3, AsPh3] and [IrH2(NH2OH)(PPh3)3]BPh4 were also prepared by reacting the hydride species [IrHCl2PL3] and [IrH3(PPh3)3] first with triflic acid and then with an excess of NH2OH. The O‐iminoacylated hydroxylamine complexes [M{η2‐NH=C(R)ONH2}P4](BPh4)2 and [M{η2‐NH=C(R)ONH(CH3)}P4](BPh4)2 (M = Ru, Os; R = CH3, 4‐CH3C6H4) were prepared by allowing the nitrile complexes [M(RCN)2P4](BPh4)2 to react with hydroxylamine (NH2OH) or N‐methylhydroxylamine [NH(CH3)OH]. The compounds were characterised spectroscopically (IR, 1H, 13C and 31P NMR) and a geometry in solution was also established. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Characterization of a Novel Three‐Dimensional Polymer: [Cu4V2(OH)2O8]
Authors: Wu Chuan‐De , Lu Can‐Zhong , Zhuang Hong‐Hui , Huang Jin‐Shun 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThe three‐dimensional polymeric compound [Cu4V2(OH)2O8] (1) has been synthesized by the hydrothermal reaction of sodium vanadate and copper acetate in an aqueous solution basified with a 35% aqueous ammonia solution. Detailed experiments suggest that pH values within the range 8.5−11.3 are best for the formation of crystals of compound 1. X‐ray diffraction analysis reveals that the structure of 1 is a three‐dimensional polymer constructed from wave‐like polymeric oxocuprate layers linked by vanadate tetrahedra, of which the sub‐layer is formed by joining the zigzag ribbons together in cis zigzag way. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) suggests that the structure of compound 1 is quite stable in the temperature range 40−440 °C. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Preparation and Reactivity of Hydrazine Complexes of Rhenium: Synthesis of 1,2‐Diazene (NH=NH) and Methyleneimine (CH2=NH) Derivatives
Authors: Albertin Gabriele , Antoniutti Stefano , Giorgi Maria Teresa 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThe hydrazine complexes [Re(RNHNH2)(CO)nP5−n]BPh4 [R = H, CH3, Ar; n = 1−4; P = P(OEt)3, PPh(OEt)2, PPh2OEt] were prepared by allowing the hydride species [ReH(CO)nP5−n] to react first with a Brønsted acid and then with hydrazine. The reaction of either [Re(NH2NH2)(CO)nP5−n]BPh4 or [Re(ArNHNH2)(CO)nP5−n]BPh4 with Pb(OAc)4 at −40 °C proceeds with the selective oxidation of the hydrazine ligand to yield either [Re(NH=NH)(CO)nP5−n]BPh4 or [Re(ArN=NH)(CO)nP5−n]BPh4. The oxidation of [Re(CH3NHNH2)(CO)nP5−n]BPh4 (n = 1, 2) with Pb(OAc)4 at −40 °C gives both [Re(CH3N=NH)(CO)nP5−n]BPh4 and [Re(η1‐NH=CH2)(CO)nP5−n]BPh4. Reduction reactions of both hydrazine and diazene complexes with Zn amalgam were also studied and yielded ammonia in moderate yield (20−25%). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
A Diiminoplatinum(II) Complex of 4‐Ethynylbenzo‐15‐crown‐5 as a Luminescent Sensor for Divalent Metal Ions
Authors: Siu Phyllis K. M. , Lai Siu‐Wai , Lu Wei , Zhu Nianyong , Che Chi‐Ming 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThe binding of a diiminoplatinum(II) complex of 4‐ethynylbenzo‐15‐crown‐5 to divalent metal ions such as Mg2+ or Zn2+ is accompanied by substantial enhancement of emission intensity (1035‐ and 870‐fold increase, respectively, with 40 equivalents of metal salt) at λmax ≈︁ 555 nm; H+, Cd2+ and alkali‐metal ions cause minor enhancement of the photoluminescence (⩽ 10‐fold) under similar conditions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
A Novel Tetranuclear [MeZn(μ3‐OCH2CH2SMe)Zn(μ‐Cl)Me]2Adduct Derived from the Interaction of CH2Cl2with an Alkylzinc Complex
Authors: Lewiński Janusz , Marciniak Wojciech , Ochal Zbigniew , Lipkowski Janusz , Justyniak Iwona 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThe treatment of 2‐(methylthio)ethanol (methioH) with two equivalents of Me2Zn in CH2Cl2affords a tetranuclear aggregate with two monomeric MeZn(methio) units joined by two MeZnCl moieties. This result demonstrates that transfer of a chloride ion to Zn takes place on the addition of a donor‐functionalized alcohol to Me2Zn in CH2Cl2solution. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Cover Picture: Lindqvist‐Type (Aryldiazenido)polyoxomolybdates − Synthesis, and Structural and Spectroscopic Characterization of Compounds of the Type (nBu4N)3[Mo6O18(N2Ar)] (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 15/2003)
Authors: Bustos Carlos , Hasenknopf Bernold , Thouvenot René , Vaissermann Jacqueline , Proust Anna , Gouzerh Pierre 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThe cover picture shows a hexamolybdate anion bearing a diazenido ligand. This is a member of a promising family of functionalized polyoxomolybdates [Mo6O18(N2Ar)]3− with a variety of substituents on the aryl ring. The influence of these substituents on the properties of the molybdate framework is exemplified by their different 95Mo NMR spectra, where a special attention should be drawn to the signal of the MoII center at very high frequencies. Details on the preparation and characterization of these and related compounds can be found in the article by P. Gouzerh et al. on p. 2757 ff.
Biliary motor function in gallstone patients evaluated by fatty‐meal MR cholangiography
Authors: Inoue Yusuke , Komatsu Yutaka , Yoshikawa Kohki , Akahane Masaaki , Isayama Hiroyuki , Ohtomo Kuni , Omata Masao 
Published: July 2003

AbstractPurpose:To investigate the possibility of evaluating biliary motor function with magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC).Materials and Methods:Twenty patients with gallstones and 30 control subjects were studied using fatty‐meal MRC. After baseline MRC, they were encouraged to drink 250 mL of milk and underwent postprandial MRC every 10 minutes for 60 minutes. Postprandial changes in gallbladder volume and the diameter of the common duct were assessed as indicators of gallbladder contractility and biliary obstruction, respectively. Postprandial dilatation at 60 minutes was considered indicative of persistent biliary obstruction.Results:Gallbladder ejection fraction was calculated at 66.0% ± 12.2% (range, 40.3%–88.6%) in the controls. Gallbladder volume expressed as a percentage of the baseline value was significantly larger at 20–60 minutes in the gallstone patients than in the controls. Gallbladder ejection fraction varied widely (mean, 46.4% ± 24.4%; range, 2.8%–81.5%) and was significantly reduced in comparison with that of the controls (P < 0.01). In two gallstone patients with co‐existing ductal stones, transient postprandial dilatation associated with ampullary impaction was observed. Persistent biliary obstruction was not indicated in any subjects.Conclusion:The results of this study suggest the feasibility of fatty‐meal MRC, as well as its potential for evaluating biliary motor function. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2003;18:196–203. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Two‐dimensional flow quantitative MRI of aortic arch blood flow patterns: Effect of age, sex, and presence of carotid atheromatous disease on prevalence of spiral blood flow
Authors: Houston J. Graeme , Gandy Stephen J. , Sheppard Declan G. , Dick John B. , Belch Jill J.F. , Stonebridge Peter A. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractPurpose:To determine the effect of age, sex, and presence of carotid atheromatous disease on the presence of aortic spiral blood flow pattern using two‐dimensional flow quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Materials and Methods:Sixty subjects (37 women, 23 men) were examined. Prospective phase contrast flow quantitative MRI (1.5 T, Siemens Symphony) sequences in the plane of the aortic arch, and three‐dimensional contrast‐enhanced MR angiography of the vessels from the aortic arch to the circle of Willis, were performed. Flow quantitative analysis, using circular regions of interest, in the root, apex, and descending aortic arch to determine the presence of a spiral blood flow pattern was undertaken. The results were correlated with the subjects age, sex, and presence of significant carotid arterial disease.Results:A spiral blood flow pattern was seen during diastole in 43 of 50 (86%), 42 of 48 (88%), and in 26 of 28 (93%) subjects in the root, apex, and descending aortic arch, respectively. Spiral flow was seen during systole in 14 of 35 (40%), 20 of 47 (42%), and 11 of 31 (35%) subjects in the root, apex, and descending aortic arch, respectively. There was no clear effect of age or sex on the presence of spiral flow. Carotid disease was associated with a significant reduction in the prevalence of systolic spiral flow from 51%–19% subjects (P < 0.05).Conclusion:Spiral flow pattern can be seen in the arch of the aorta in clinical practice using flow quantitative MRI. The prevalence of spiral flow pattern does not appear affected by subject age or sex. Carotid atheromatous disease is associated with a reduction in prevalence of systolic spiral flow pattern in the aortic arch. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2003;18:169–174. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phantom and animal studies of a new hepatobiliary agent for MR imaging: Comparison of Gd‐DTPA‐DeA with Gd‐EOB‐DTPA
Authors: Yoshikawa Kohki , Inoue Yusuke , Akahane Masaaki , Shimada Morio , Itoh Sayaka , Seno Atsushi , Hayashi Sanshin 
Published: July 2003

AbstractPurpose:To investigate the characteristics of Gd‐DTPA‐DeA as a hepatobiliary contrast agent for MR imaging in comparison with those of Gd‐EOB‐DTPA.Materials and Methods:We undertook phantom experiments to assess T1 relaxivity for Gd‐DTPA‐DeA, Gd‐EOB‐DTPA, and Gd‐DTPA in human plasma. For Gd‐DTPA‐DeA and Gd‐EOB‐DTPA, we evaluated the contrast effect in rats using an SPGR sequence. The contrast ratios of liver and abdominal aorta were measured up to 21 minutes after intravenous administration of the agents. Visualization of the bile duct and renal pelvis was also assessed.Results:In human plasma, T1 relaxivity was similar for Gd‐DTPA‐DeA and Gd‐EOB‐DTPA, and higher than those for Gd‐DTPA. Whereas the contrast ratio of liver peaked about five minutes after the injection of Gd‐EOB‐DTPA and was followed by a subsequent decline, a continuous rise was shown for Gd‐DTPA‐DeA, resulting in a larger maximal contrast effect. Contrast ratios of the abdominal aorta were larger for Gd‐DTPA‐DeA. Biliary excretion was observed for both agents but occurred earlier with Gd‐EOB‐DTPA. While renal excretion was shown for all rats three minutes after the injection of Gd‐EOB‐DTPA, it was not observed for Gd‐DTPA‐DeA.Conclusion:Gd‐DTPA‐DeA may be used as a hepatobiliary contrast agent and shows different pharmacokinetics from Gd‐EOB‐DTPA. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2003;18:204–209. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Understanding knowledge management interventions: evidence from supporting (E‐)banking activities
Authors: Samiotis Kostas , Poulymenakou Angeliki , Doukidis George 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThis paper attempts to describe the organizational affordances of knowledge management intervention endeavours. Our assertion bases KM on the specificities of the organizational workplace with regard to its constitution as conceptualized through its activities, knowledge content and social interactions. Theoretical argumentation utilizes the explanatory power of ‘work practice’ to expound its relevance with managing knowledge and learning. Our findings offer useful insights regarding the constituencies of informants required, as well as the elements affected by KM interventions. We conclude with prescribing appropriate actions for system‐enabled actualization of KM at the workplace. Empirically, we base our propositions on experiences deriving from our engagement in the implementation of a KM solution in a bank organization aiming at the support of a newly employed and strategically important (e‐)banking role, the ‘front‐line customer service’ Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Supporting knowledge‐intensive work in public administration processes
Authors: Papavassiliou Giorgos , Ntioudis Spyridon , Abecker Andreas , Mentzas Gregoris 
Published: July 2003

AbstractKnowledge management efforts focus much on the strategic applications of knowledge‐related initiatives and not so much on their implications at the level of concrete business processes. On the other hand, business process management efforts have not concentrated on leveraging knowledge. In this paper we attempt to fill that gap by developing a tool for proactive, context‐sensitive delivery of knowledge. We focus on the modelling of knowledge‐intensive business processes and we develop a framework for modelling this type of processes that explicitly considers knowledge‐related tasks and knowledge objects. We present a tool that is an implementation of our theoretical meta‐model and realises proactive, context‐sensitive delivery of knowledge, integrated with the workflow enactment. As an example, we sketch one case study, the process for granting full old‐age pension as it is performed in the Greek Social Security Institution, discussing the benefits derived from applying our tool. Finally, we draw the main conclusions of our work and discuss further research directions. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
From data to knowledge and back again: understanding the limitations of KMS
Authors: Butler Tom 
Published: July 2003

AbstractResearchers in the field of information systems (IS) view IT‐enabled knowledge management solutions as novel approaches to the stimulation of creativity and innovation in post‐industrial organizations; hence, the focus by researchers on the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in enabling and supporting knowledge work. However, despite some success stories, recent research indicates that the majority of knowledge management systems (KMS) have been unsuccessful. This situation has led some to voice deep‐seated concerns about the knowledge management paradigm and its influence on the IS field—particularly the belief that IT can help capture, store and transfer knowledge. This paper's objective is to deepen the IS field's understanding of the limitations and capabilities of knowledge management systems. A case study of an Irish software vendor's experiences in developing KMS using case‐based reasoning technologies is undertaken to help achieve this objective. The findings of this study illustrate that: (a) the KMS developed in the organization studied did not meet the claims of their creators, as the applications provided a poor approximation of the ‘horizons of understanding’ of domain experts whose knowledge these systems purported to capture, store and transfer; (b) the ontological and epistemological perspectives of developers were overtly functionalist in orientation and were insensitive to the socially constructed and institutional nature and context of knowledge. The findings lend weight to the claim that information technology deals with data only, and knowledge management requires social as opposed to technical support, in that appropriate institutional mechanisms, rather that technological solutions, constitute the corporate memory. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrochemical investigations of oligomers and polymers containing ruthenium‐ and iron‐arene complexes
Authors: de Denus Christine R. , Baker Philip , Toner Jaclyn , McKevitt Sheila , Todd Erin K. , Abd‐El‐Aziz Alaa S. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractCyclic voltammetry was employed to investigate the electrochemical behavior of numerous cyclopentadienyliron (CpFe+) and pentamethyl‐cyclopentadienylruthenium (Cp*Ru+) coordinated oligomers and polymers. The electrochemical behavior of the iron systems indicated the cyclopentadienyliron complexes had isolated redox centers and that changes in the reversibility of the redox couple occurred with changes in solvent and temperature. In contrast, the monometallic ruthenium systems showed large peak separations that suggested slow kinetics on the CV timescale. The cyclic voltammograms of the larger ruthenium‐containing oligomers and polymers showed multiple redox steps indicating complex electrochemical behavior.
Synthesis of novel phenylazomethine derivatives as a multi‐dentate ligand for advanced metal‐organic hybride nano‐materials
Authors: Yamamoto Kimihisa 
Published: July 2003

AbstractOligophenylazomethines (OPAs) and the aniline‐capped OPAs were synthesized via dehydration of 4‐aminobenzophenone in the presence of TiCl4 as a Lewis acid. TiCl4 acts as an excellent dehydration agent for formation of the C=N bond. OPAs have some isomers, which are based on the E/Z conformation of the azomethine moieties. Novel cyclic molecules, the cyclic phenylazomethine trimer (CPA3‐ab) derivatives, were synthesized via the dehydration of the 4‐aminobenzophenone. The yields of the macrocycles were enhanced to over 90% by induction of the bulky α‐substituent to the substrate. The highly preferential formation of novel aabb‐type phenylazo‐methine macrocycles was also achieved. The resulting CPA6‐aabb has unique structure based on the E/Z conformation of the azomethine bonds, the extremely regular molecular‐packing state. The novel dendritic phenylazomethines(DPAs), were synthesized by the convergent method. The DPAs have a high solubility unlike the conventional linear polyphenylazomethines. The tin chloride complexed to the imine groups of DPAs in a stepwise fashion. The complexation occurs in the order of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th layers of DPA G4.