bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perchlorates in the treatment of hyperthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis: a comprehensive review
Authors: Lisco Giuseppe , Accardo Giacomo , Pupilli Cinzia , Malandrino Pasqualino , De Geronimo Vincenzo , Triggiani Vincenzo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Perchlorates are ionic inhibitors antagonizing iodine transport into thyrocytes, hampering thyroid hormone synthesis. Nevertheless, perchlorates are not considered as first-line treatment in hyperthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis as compared to other pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.

Aim
Reassessing the therapeutic role of perchlorates in hyperthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis throughout a systematic review of the Literature.

Methods
Guidelines were searched and examined to summarize current recommendations on the use of perchlorates in the management of hyperthyroidism. Randomized and non-randomized clinical trials were also searched and reviewed to summarize the efficacy/effectiveness and safety of perchlorates in hyperthyroidisms and thyrotoxicosis.

Results
The management of specific forms of hyperthyroidism was considered, including Graves’ disease (GD) in non-pregnant adults, hyperthyroidisms in pregnancy, iodine media contrast-induced hyperthyroidism, amiodarone-induced hyperthyroidisms, and thyroid storm. Most of the reported studies had remarkable limitations in terms of study design (non-controlled trials, lack of blinding), low number of participants, and the lack of clinically relevant endpoints, such as cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality, and teratogenicity. Overall, perchlorates could be considered a second-line treatment after thionamides, radioiodine, and total thyroidectomy in both GD and hyperthyroidisms in pregnancy. The therapeutic potential of perchlorates alone or in combination with other agents could be considered a second-line treatment of iodine-related hyperthyroidisms and thyroid storm.

Conclusion
Despite the low level of evidence, perchlorates could be considered in such specific forms of thyroid disorders, including iodine-induced hyperthyroidism and thyroid storm.
“It’s Like POOF and It’s Gone”: The Live-Streaming of Child Sexual Abuse
Authors: Christensen Larissa S. , Woods Jodie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe live-streaming of child sexual abuse is an established, and prolific, form of abuse, with high international demand. It involves transmitting the sexual abuse of children in ‘real time’ via a webcam to individuals in any geographical location. Despite it being identified as a global key threat in the area of child sexual exploitation, there is a dearth of literature on this type of offending, limiting our understanding. Until further research is conducted, the current paper fills an important purpose by offering a stop gap of current research on the live-streaming of child sexual abuse. In particular, it draws from a breadth of literature to offer a synthesis of where geographically CSA live-streaming appears to mostly occur; the technological and legal barriers in detecting and prosecuting the behavior; what we know about viewers; what we know about facilitators; and the victims of CSA live-streaming and the impact of the abuse on them. In doing so, this paper offers critical knowledge for research, policy, and practice professionals across psychology, criminology, and law disciplines, who are interested in understanding, preventing, and responding to this form of sexual offending against children.
Chemical Composition of the Aboveground Tissues of Miscanthus × giganteus and Relationships to Soil Characteristics
Authors: Pisani Oliva , Klick Sabrina A. , Strickland Timothy C. , Pisarello Kathryn L. , Coffin Alisa W. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo reduce the C footprint of human activities, there is a growing need for alternative energy sources including the production of bioenergy feedstocks. Miscanthus × giganteus is a high yielding grass with low environmental impact and high potential for feedstock use. Studying the composition of the aboveground tissues of Miscanthus is important for understanding feedstock quality for biofuel conversion and how crop residue quality may affect soil input management. Data on Miscanthus leaf and stem chemistry including carbon (C), nitrogen (N), macronutrient concentrations, and the optical characteristics of the water extractable organic matter (WEOM) was analyzed to identify differences in composition between aboveground tissues and modeled to identify soil variables that may be correlated with tissue chemistry. Leaves and stems were dominated by N, potassium (K), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and magnesium (Mg), but overall, the leaves contained higher nutrient concentrations compared to the stems. The leaves displayed elevated Si:K (0.0935) and Ca:K (0.445) ratios and lower C:N (36) and C:P (323) ratios compared to the stems (0.0560, 0.145, 150, and 645, respectively). Leaf WEOM contained large, aromatic, and complex structures, while the stem WEOM was dominated by small, recently produced structures. Varying relationships were found between tissue C and the mobile C pool in surface (0–15 cm) and deep (45–60 cm) soils. Overall, Miscanthus leaves had a chemical composition indicative of reduced biofuel quality compared to the stems. The relationships with soil mobile C suggest a dynamic linkage between Miscanthus physiology and this active soil C pool. These results have implications for crop nutrient allocation and nutrient management practices.
Biosorption and desorption of chromium using hybrid microalgae-activated sludge treatment system
Authors: Dabai Aminu Isiya , Mohammed Kasim 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study utilised a mixed culture of Chlorella vulgaris and bacteria from sludge to treat synthetic tannery wastewater (STWW) in modified stirred-tank photobioreactors (MSTPBRs). The MSTPBRs were fabricated locally and operated at irradiance value of 580 µmol/m2s supplied by red light-emitting diodes at 12:12 light–dark cycles and 100 ± 1 rpm continuous stirring. In each case, 50, 100 and 150 mg/L concentrations of STWW were inoculated with mixed culture of microalgae and bacteria in three MSTPBRs, with the control MSTPBR operating at 50 mg/L of STWW. Chromium concentrations were measured using colorimeter whilst Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated possible Cr biosorption. Maximum Cr (VI) and total Cr removal efficiencies of 93 and 94% were achieved, with more than 78% total Cr recovery. Results from FTIR suggested involvement of Chlorella vulgaris in the Cr biosorption. The hybrid microalgae-bacteria system efficiently treated tannery wastewater with considerable Cr removal efficiencies. The potentials of the system in treating tannery wastewater in larger scale may require further investigation.
Exploring the probing capacities of MSA capped CdTe semiconductor quantum dots as optical chemsensors via analytical and isotherms modeling for selective Hg2+ detection
Authors: Ajroud Mohamed , Abdella Faiza I. A. , Alanazi Tahani Y. A. , Helaoui Meryem , Boudriga Sarra 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHeavy metal ions bioaccumulation can cause severe damage to environment and human health. Hence, the development of an effective detection assay of trace amounts of these ions is of great importance. Here, CdTe quantum dots (QDs) capped with mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA) ligands have been synthesized in aqueous solution with significant stability and good fluorescence properties. Photophysical characterization was performed using FTIR, XRD, HRTEM and UV–Vis. Absorption, PL and PLRT techniques, seeking their subsequent application as fluorescent probes for metal cations. CdTe-MSA QDs showed selective sensitivity toward Hg2+ ions by monitoring quantitative fluorescence quenching with increasing analyte content. Under optimal conditions, the linear range for the detection was 0.2–6 μM with a detection limit of 0.05 μM. According to the Stern–Volmer model, it can be inferred that a static quenching mechanism via Hg2+ selective binding to MSA carboxylate groups is operating with electron transfer process. Excess of mercuric ions further decreased and red shifted the fluorescence possibly due to competitive cation exchanges. To further explain the corresponding ligation mechanisms, adsorption behavior study was conducted via several isotherms as well as statistical physics models. The pseudo-first-order model can describe the adsorption kinetics of Hg2+ on CdTe-MSA QDs more accurately and the experimental data fitted well the Langmuir isotherm model of monolayer adsorption on homogeneous surface. Furthermore, this spontaneous process conforms to the Hill model as a physisorption with an adsorption energy of 32 kJ.mol−1 associated with the electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. The developed system was assayed in the Hg2+ trace amount detection in real tap water and showed satisfactory accuracy performance meeting analytical requirements. The relevant results demonstrated that CdTe-MSA QDs could be deployed as promising Hg2+ fluorescent chemosensing system with high sensitivity and selectivity over wide linear detection range that have great potential for real water samples analysis.
Would John Dewey Wear a Fitbit? A Pragmatist Analysis of Self-Tracking Technologies’ Impact on Habit Formation
Authors: Wieczorek Michał 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this paper, I discuss the formation of habits with the help of self-tracking technologies. Although devices like Fitbit smart bands come with promises of empowerment through the means of increased control over users’ habits, existing literature does not provide conclusive findings about the validity of such claims. I contribute to the ongoing debate by relying on John Dewey’s pragmatist philosophy and its notion of intelligent habit. I demonstrate that from a pragmatist standpoint, habits that are the most likely to accomplish users’ goals contribute to their flourishing need to be reflective (accompanied by adequate deliberation) and flexible (adaptable to the changing circumstances). On this basis I highlight some ethical-epistemic issues surrounding self-tracking technologies that inhibit the formation of habits desirable from a Deweyan standpoint. These include a lack of reflection on the part of the developers, difficulties for users to deliberate and consciously shape the habits developed by their devices, and dependence upon self-tracking tools that makes it difficult to adapt habits to individual needs and circumstances. I conclude the paper by discussing self-tracking’s general impact on flourishing, as well as placing my arguments in the context of the diversity of self-tracking practices and identifying how users attempt to alleviate the shortcomings of the technology and make it more suitable to their goals and needs.
Technology as a Strategy of the Human? A Comparison Between the Extension Concept and the Fetish Concept of Technology
Authors: Pieper Maximilian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDiscussions on the Anthropocene as the geology of mankind imply the question whether globalized technology such as energy technologies or A.I. ought to be first and foremost conceptualized as a strategy of the human in relation to nature or as a strategy of some humans over others. I argue that both positions are mirrored in the philosophy and sociology of technology through the concepts of technology as an extension and as a fetish. The extension concept understands technology as an extension of the human body and its capabilities, resulting in a local ‘inward’ perspective. The fetish concept offers a contrary ‘outward’ perspective by drawing attention to the global socio-material context of modern technology. Despite their differences, I argue that both concepts share an underlying operation principle of technology as functional simplification. Technology always involves a functional simplification of physical as well as social causality. Sociologists and philosophers of technology would do well not to give primacy to the former as it leads to the belief in technology as a universal tool that neglects how technology is not embedded in but consists of (unequal) social arrangements.
Salinity management of reservoirs by linking hydrodynamic model, surrogate model, and evolutionary optimization
Authors: Sedighkia M. , Datta B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study proposes a combined system for salinity management of reservoirs in which the lake ecosystem simulation is integrated with the reservoir operation optimization. A finite volume-based depth-averaged model is applied for simulating salinity in the reservoir for a long-term period. Then, a surrogate model is developed by applying outputs of the fluid dynamic model using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system. The surrogate model is used in the structure of the optimization model to estimate the average salinity concentration in the reservoir. Two objectives are defined in the reservoir operation optimization including minimizing water supply loss and mitigating salinity impacts on the aquatic habitats in the lake ecosystem. According to case study results, the fluid dynamic model is reliable for simulating salinity distribution in the reservoir, which means it is recommendable for simulating salinity distribution of reservoirs. Moreover, The Nash–Sutcliff coefficient of surrogate model is 0.79, which implies it is reliable for applying in the optimization model as a surrogate model of salinity. Based on the environmental considerations, 0.55 ppt was defined as the average threshold of habitat suitability. Average optimal salinity during the simulated period is 0.52 ppt, which implies the optimization model is able to reduce salinity impacts properly. We recommend using the proposed method for the case studies in which increasing salinity is an environmental challenge for the aquatic species those living in the artificial lakes of large dams.
Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Interpersonal Violence Reported by Autistic Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gibbs Vicki , Gallagher Emma , Hudson Jennie , Pellicano Elizabeth 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article provides a systematic review of the prevalence and risk factors associated with interpersonal violence reported by autistic adults. A systematic search of electronic data bases for peer-reviewed journal articles in English was conducted. The search identified 16 studies that addressed rates and/or risk factors for interpersonal violence. There was wide variation in prevalence rates which was attributed to differences in types of violence being investigated, definitions and measures used, age range and gender of participants and time-frame covered. Overall results indicated that rates may be higher than in the general population. Twelve studies reported on possible risk factors with both individual and broader social factors identified. Further research utilising longitudinal design and validated measures is needed.
Multi-objective non-linear programming problem with rough interval parameters: an application in municipal solid waste management
Authors: Shivani  , Rani Deepika , Ebrahimnejad Ali , Gupta Gourav 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn dealing with the real-world optimization problems, a decision-maker has to frequently face the ambiguity and hesitancy due to various uncontrollable circumstances. Rough set theory has emerged as an indispensable tool for representing this ambiguity because of its characteristic of incorporating agreement and understanding of all the involved specialists and producing more realistic conclusions. This paper studies an application of the rough set theory for a multi-objective non-linear programming problem that originates for the management of solid wastes. Municipal solid waste management is a global problem that affects every country. Because of the poor waste management system in many nations, the bulk of municipal solid waste is disposed of in open landfills with no recovery mechanism. Hence, an effective and long term waste management strategy is the demand of the day. This research offers an incinerating, composting, recycling, and disposing system for the long-term management of the municipal solid waste. A model for the municipal solid waste management with the goal of minimizing the cost of waste transportation, cost of waste treatment and maximizing the revenue generated from various treatment facilities is developed under rough interval environment. To tackle the conflicting nature of different objectives, an approach is proposed that gives the optimistic and pessimistic views of the decision-maker for optimizing the proposed model. Also, the biasness/preference of the decision-maker for a specific objective is handled by establishing the respective non-linear membership and non-membership functions instead of the linear ones. Finally, to demonstrates the practicality of the proposed methodology, a case study is solved and the obtained Pareto-optimal solution has been compared to those obtained by the existing approaches.
A remark on generalized abundance for surfaces
Authors: Fontanari Claudio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLet $$(X, \Delta )$$

(
X
,
Δ
)

be a projective klt pair of dimension 2 and let L be a nef Cartier divisor on X such that $$K_X + \Delta + L$$

K
X

+
Δ
+
L

is nef. As a complement to the Generalized Abundance Conjecture by Lazić and Peternell, we prove that if $$K_X + \Delta $$

K
X

+
Δ

and L are not proportional modulo numerical equivalence, then $$K_X + \Delta + L$$

K
X

+
Δ
+
L

is semiample. An example due to Lazić shows that this is no longer true in any dimension $$n \geqslant 3$$

n
⩾
3

.
Groundwater exploration in a granite aquifer using the telluric electric frequency selection method (TEFSM) in Eswatini, Southern Africa
Authors: Gomo Modreck , Ngobe Thandeka 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRecent technology development has enabled the use of electric potential difference (EPD) in the telluric electric frequency selection method (TEFSM) geophysical approach for groundwater exploration. As a new approach, there is a need to build knowledge and experience in the application of the TEFSM geophysical approach in groundwater exploration in different hydrogeological settings. Hard rock granite aquifers are one of those aquifers where the TEFSM geophysical approach to exploring groundwater is yet to be investigated. In this study, a geophysical survey to identify four drilling sites for community boreholes was first conducted using the TEFSM approach. Vertical electrical profiles (VEP) of EPD up to 120 m per station were analyzed and interpreted to identify the depths of potential aquifers prior to drilling. The EPD VEP was then corroborated with borehole lithology data collected from the drilling to provide hydrogeophysical meaning to the data. The results show that groundwater occurs in the weathered granite layers. However, the water strikes appear to occur at the contact plane between the overlying weathered granite and the underlying fresh amphibolite. This suggests that the groundwater is stored in the weathered granite while the contact plane at fresh amphibolite is a preferential flow path. The granite aquifer at the study site is characterized by the EPD ranging from 0.018 to 0.068 mV. However, not all geological materials in this EPD range had water, some were just a reflection of weathering. The TEFSM geophysical approach was able to delineate layers of weathered granite aquifers and impermeable amphibolite based on low and high EPD contrasts, respectively. The findings assist in improving the practical understanding of the application of TEFSM to delineate aquifers and site boreholes in granite aquifers.
Formative Assessment Strategies by Monitoring Science Students’ Problem-Solving Skill Development
Authors: Pals Frits F. B. , Tolboom Jos L. J. , Suhre Cor J. M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo be able to support students’ competence development in solving physics problems over the course of a lesson series effectively, teachers need a proper appreciation of students’ deficiencies. As teachers commonly assess students’ competence by means of written tests, teachers are challenged to interpret students’ work on these tests and to intervene when some students fail to understand the proper application of solution methods in different contexts. This paper evaluates a formative assessment practice where teachers have been instructed to pinpoint students’ level of understanding of kinematics problems by means of a cognitive diagnostic instrument and to provide personalized hints that match students’ current level of understanding. The study is novel in this sense that the assessment of written tests results of students’ problem solving is not expressed in grades and pass rates, but in terms of cognitive level of understanding. The results show that teachers can determine and monitor shifts of performance of students’ cognitive level of understanding by using this instrument. Second, the results indicate that among students with low initial results, the group that received sufficient feedback via sticky notes made significantly more progress in solving problems than the group that did not receive feed forward on sticky notes. Third, the timing of feedback in the form of sticky notes did not affect on students’ progress in achieving mastery at the end of the instruction period. Our conclusion of this study is: Cognition develops through levels and tiers and support is essential to move to the Zone of Proximal Development. Subsequently, we evaluate group and subgroup implications for didactic interventions and propose suggestions for further investigations.
Contribution of changes in the orexin system and energy sensors in the brain in depressive disorder - a study in an animal model
Authors: Głombik Katarzyna , Kukla-Bartoszek Magdalena , Curzytek Katarzyna , Basta-Kaim Agnieszka , Budziszewska Bogusława 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Maternal elevated glucocorticoid levels during pregnancy can affect the developing fetus, permanently altering the structure and function of its brain throughout life. Excessive action of these hormones is known to contribute to psychiatric disorders, including depression.

Materials
The study was performed in a rat model of depression based on prenatal administration of dexamethasone (DEX) in late pregnancy (0.1 mg/kg, days 14–21). We evaluated the effects of prenatal DEX treatment on the cognition and bioenergetic signaling pathways in the brain of adult male rats, in the frontal cortex and hippocampus, and in response to stress in adulthood, using behavioral and biochemical test batteries.

Results
We revealed cognitive deficits in rats prenatally treated with DEX. At the molecular level, a decrease in the orexin A and orexin B levels and downregulation of the AMPK-SIRT1-PGC1α transduction pathway in the frontal cortex of these animals were observed. In the hippocampus, a decreased expression of orexin B was found and changes in the MR/GR ratio were demonstrated. Furthermore, an increase in HDAC5 level triggered by the prenatal DEX treatment in both brain structures and a decrease in MeCP2 level in the hippocampus were reported.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that prenatal DEX treatment is associated with cognitive dysfunction and alterations in various proteins leading to metabolic changes in the frontal cortex, while in the hippocampus adaptation mechanisms were activated. The presented results imply that different pathophysiological metabolic processes may be involved in depression development, which may be useful in the search for novel therapies.