bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opsonic activity of ascitic fluids by a chemiluminescent method
Authors: Huu T. R. Pham , Bendahou M. , Sourbier P. , Mal F. , Beaugrand M. , Hakim J. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractCirrhotic ascites are highly susceptible to spontaneous bacterial infection, whereas carcinogenic ascites are seldom infected. This difference may be explained by differences in their chemotactic, bactericidal and/or opsomic activities. We measured the chemotactic and opsonic activity of ascitic fluids from 35 alcoholic cirrhotic ascites and of 12 peritoneal carcinogenic ascites. Chemotactic activity was measured by the under‐agarose technique and opsonic activity by a luminol‐enhanced method. Ascitic fluids from alcoholic cirrhosis had low chemotactic (62 ± 24.5% that of N‐formylated peptide) and opsonic (67 ± 50% of normal serum) activities on normal human neutrophils. In contrast, ascitic fluids from peritoneal carcinoma were found to possess high opsonic activity (114 ± 49% of normal serum) and chemotactic activity similar to that of N‐formylated peptide. During a 3‐month follow‐up, 11 spontaneous bacterial infections were observed among the first group against none in the carcinogenic group.
Bioluminescent assay of bacterial ATP for rapid detection of bacterial growth in clinical blood cultures
Authors: Nilsson L. E. , Molin Ö. , Ånséhn S. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractA bioluminescent assay of bacterial ATP for rapid detection of bacterial growth in 512 clinical aerobic blood cultures was evaluated. At the detection limit of bacterial ATP (10−10 mol/l) in the blood cultures 94.2% of the true positive blood cultures were detected (sensitivity) and the specificity was 85.8%. If the cut‐off limit was increased the sensitivity decreased and the specificity increased and at 2 × 10−9 mol/l ATP the maximum correctly classified blood cultures was reached. At this cut‐off limit the sensitivity was 82.9% and the specificity was 99.6%. In 54.3% of the true positive blood cultures bacterial growth was detected more rapidly with the bioluminescent assay than with macroscopic examination and subculture.
An evaluation of the performance of ten commercial luminometers
Authors: Jago P. H. , Simpson W. J. , Denyer S. P. , Evans A. W. , Griffiths M. W. , Hammond J. R. M. , Ingram T. P. , Lacey R. F. , Macey N. W. , McCarthy B. J. , Salusbury T. T. , Senior P. S. , Sidorowicz S. , Smither R. , Stanfield G. , Stanley P. E. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAn assessment has been carried out of the relative performance of ten instruments for quantification of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the firefly luciferase assay. The instruments evaluated were Amersham Amerlite Analyser, Dynatech Tube Luminometer, Dynatech Multiplate Luminometer, Dynatech Camera Luminometer, Hamilton Lumicon, LKB 1250 Luminometer, LKB 1251 Luminometer, Lumac Biocounter M2010A, Turner 20 TD Luminometer and a prototype version of the CLEAR Speed Tech 2000. An 800‐fold difference in sensitivity was found between the most sensitive (Lumac, Turner) and the least sensitive (Dynatech Tube) of the conventional instruments. The Dynatech Camera Luminometer which worked on a completely different principle to the other instruments was about 5000 times less sensitive than the best of the photomultiplier tube instruments. The relative sensitivity of the instruments was maintained regardless of whether solutions of ATP in water or trichloroacetic acid extracts of bacteria were analysed. An analysis of 960 ATP bioluminescence assays showed that data obtained from such measurements are normally distributed.
Method for reducing the rate of light emission from chemiluminescent and bioluminescent reactions using frozen reagents
Authors: Kricka Larry J. , Ogden Susan , Williams Thomas M. , Kant Jeffrey 
Published: May 2005

AbstractFrozen assay reagents have been used to reduce the rate of light emission from the rapid chemiluminescent acridinium ester and the bioluminescent firefly luciferase reactions. Melting of the assay reagent delays the initiation of the light emission, thus eliminating the need to initiate these rapid reactions by injection of the assay reagents in front of the photodetector.
Organization of the lux genes of photobacterium phosphoreum
Authors: Mancini J. , Boylan M. , Soly R. , Ferri S. , Szittner R. , Meighen E. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe lux genes from Photobacterium phosphoreum (NCMB844) have been cloned into Escherichia coli in a plasmid containing the T7‐bacteriophage promoter. By specific expression in vivo under the T7 promoter, five structural genes (luxA‐E) coding for the fatty acid reductase and luciferase polypeptides were identified as well as a new gene, designated as luxF, which codes for a 26kDa polypeptide. This new gene is located between luxB and luxE and thus disrupts the structural gene order of luxCDABE found in the Vibrio genus. The luxF gene and the protein it codes for have recently been identified in other Photobacterium species and so appears to be widely distributed within this genus. Nucleotide sequencing of the luxF gene has shown it to code for a protein homologous to the luciferase subunits, coded by the luxA and luxB genes. Although this gene is not necessary for light emission in all luminescent bacteria, it must play an essential role in the biochemistry, physiology, or ecology of the luminescent system in species of the Photobacterium genus.
Chemiluminescent labelled streptavidin (STAV) as a universal marker in steroid and peptide immunoassays
Authors: Strasburger C. J. , Kohen F. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe tetrameric structure of streptavidin and its exceptionally strong affinity to biotin (Ka = 1015M−1) can be exploited to achieve an amplification of the signal in immunoassays. In the approach described here streptavidin (STAV) labelled with aminobutylethyl‐isoluminol (ABEI) served as a universal marker in immunoassays for both haptens and big antigens. The advantageous features of streptavidin can be applied to any immunoassay using biotinylated antibodies as the primary probe.In two‐site immunometric assays for larger antigens the liquid phase ‘tracer’ antibody is biotinylated. In hapten assays the solid phase antigen technique (Wood et al., 1982) is employed, in which sample‐antigen and solid phase‐antigen compete for a biotinylated antibody. In this paper we demonstrate the use of STAV–ABEI as a universal chemiluminescent label in steroid assays and in an immunometric assay using human growth hormone (hGH) as an example.
Characteristics and detection principles of a new enzyme label producing a long‐term chemiluminescent signal
Authors: Jansen Eugène H. J. M. , van den Berg Rijk H. , Zomer Gijsbert 
Published: May 2005

AbstractA new enzyme label system is described which is superior to all existing chemiluminescence labels used in immunoassays. The system consists of the enzyme xanthine oxidase with hypoxanthine as substrate. The signal reagent contains perborate, an Fe–EDTA complex and luminol. The enzyme preparation and the signal reagent are very stable upon storage. The main features of the system are a long duration of the chemiluminescent signal (half‐life time of 30 hours) and a very low limit of detection (about 3 amol). Possibilities and implications for the use of various measuring system are discussed.
Discrimination between different types of low‐level luminescence in mammalian cells: The biophysical radiation
Authors: Reiber H. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractCellular low‐level luminescence was measured after various disintegrative processes in brain cell preparations. In addition to known origins of low‐level luminescence, e.g. oxygen radical reactions or enzymatic and non‐enzymatic redox systems, a further source of photon emission is reported which is independent of external oxygen, oxygen radicals and enzyme activities.Vital cells from rat brain homogenates or pig oligodendrocytes could be kept for hours at 37 °C without any photon emission. Only after disintegrative processes a cellular photon emission could be induced. The maximal intensity of about 400 impulses/s/mg protein and a total radiation of about 6 × 106 I/mg depended on the type of cells. The signal could be retained completely at 4 °C or in frozen samples. Heating (10 min, 90 °C) did not suppress the photon emission. Luminol and lucigenin did not amplify the signal as is usually observed in oxygen radical‐producing cells. Non‐specific radical scavengers as well as detergents suppressed the cellular photon emission completely. It is suggested that this cellular luminescence represents a biophysical radiation which originates from the interruption of an intermolecular radiationless energy transfer.
Use of bioluminescence in nucleic acid hybridization reactions
Authors: Balaguer Patrick , Térouanne Béatrice , Boussioux Anne‐Marie , Nicolas Jean‐Claude 
Published: May 2005

AbstractLuminescence reactions can be used to detect specific nucleic acid sequences hybridized with a nucleic probe. Different labels such as cytidine sulphone, fluorescein, and biotin can be incorporated into DNA or oligonucleotide molecules and detected by antibody or avidin conjugates coupled to glucose‐6P dehydrogenase.On supports such as nitrocellulose filters, sensitivity is not greatly increased using luminescence, but detection is rapid and easy to perform using polaroid film. Moreover, hybridization can be performed with different labelled probes on the same sample.In solution, luminescence can be used to monitor sandwich reactions. The method is less sensitive than detection on filters but can easily be automated. The performance of these assays can be increased considerably by enzymatic amplification of the target catalysed by a thermostable polymerase.
The complete nucleotide sequence of the lux regulon of Vibrio fischeri and the luxABN region of Photobacterium leiognathi and the mechanism of control of bacterial bioluminescence
Authors: Baldwin T. O. , Devine J. H. , Heckel R. C. , Lin J.‐W. , Shadel G. S. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWe have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of a 7622 base pair fragment of DNA from Vibrio fischeri strain ATCC7744 that contains all the information required to confer plasmid‐borne, regulated bioluminescence upon strains of Escherichia coli. The lux regulon from V. fischeri consists of two divergently transcribed operons, L (left) and R (right), and at least seven genes, luxR (L operon) and luxICDABE (R operon) and the intervening control region. The luxA and luxB genes encode respectively the α and β subunits of luciferase. The gene order luxCDABE seen in V. fischeri is the same as for V. harveyi. We have determined the sequence of the luxAB and flanking regions from Photobacterium leiognathi and have found upstream sequences homologous with luxC from the Vibrio species, but between luxB and luxE, there is an open reading frame encoding a protein of 227 amino acids (26,229 molecular weight) that is not found in this location in the Vibrio species. The amino terminal amino acid sequence of the encoded protein is nearly identical to that determined by O'Kane and Lee (University of Georgia) for the non‐fluorescent flavoprotein from a closely related Photobacterium species (Dr Dennis O'Kane, personal communication). We have therefore designated this gene luxN.There is a 20‐base inverted repeat ACCTGTAGGA×TCGTACAGGT, centred between bases 927 and 928 in the region between the two operons of V. fischeri. This region appears to fulfil two functions: it is critical for the LuxR protein to exert its effect and it is a consensus binding site for the E. coli LexA protein, a negative regulatory protein involved with the SOS response. There are sequences within the luxR coding region that appear to function in a cis‐acting fashion to repress transcription from both the leftward and rightward promoters in the absence of the respective transcriptional activator proteins, thereby resulting in low basal levels of transcription. It now appears clear that there are multiple levels of control on the lux system allowing for a modulation of the intensity of bioluminescence of over four orders of magnitude.
Acridinium ester‐labelled DNA oligonucleotide probes
Authors: Septak M. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractChemiluminescent acridinium ester derivatives have been synthesized and covalently attached to suitably modified synthetic DNA oligonucleotides. Attachment of acridinium ester label to primary aliphatic amine group(s) present in the synthetic DNA probe molecule is rapid and efficient. Methods have been developed for efficient separation of acridinium ester‐labelled DNA from unincorporated labelling reagent and underivatized DNA.The basic hydrogen peroxide detection reaction and photon counting conditions for measurement of chemiluminescence emission from acridinium ester‐labelled DNA probes have been optimized. Under optimal conditions, the observed detection limit for the labelled DNA (1:1 mole ratio) is the same as for the free acridinium ester label, which is 2 attomole sensitivity in the best case studied.
Single photon counting imagery
Authors: Scott R. Q. , Inaba Humio 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAdvent of the multichannel plate and position sensitive detector has made possible true single photon counting imaging tubes. We have investigated the application of these detectors in studies of the ultraweak light emission of biological materials. Initially, we focussed our efforts on two objectives: (1) obtaining single photon counting images of living tissues using only the light (chemiluminescence) emitted by the specimen and (2) developing means of obtaining well‐resolved spectra of weakly emitting sources. We have obtained a variety of images. One striking result of this work is the first observation of tissue specific localization of photon emission in situ. Using this detector we have also obtained the first well‐resolved spectra of some important ultraweak emission processes. These results illustrate the potential use of single photon imaging in bioluminescence and chemiluminescence research.
A chemiluminescence automatic analyser for the measurement of biological compounds
Authors: Tabata Masayoshi , Totani Masayuki , Murachi Takashi 
Published: May 2005

AbstractA compact automated analyser which could analyse constituents in biological fluids with a small sample volume and in a short time has been developed. The instrument was composed of a flow injection analysis system equipped with chemiluminometric detection and an immobilized enzyme column reactor used in combination. Chemiluminescence has high sensitivity, and its reaction proceeds very quickly. Furthermore, an immobilized enzyme column reactor can produce a sufficient amount of hydrogen peroxide from compounds in serum in a short time. When enzymes are used as reagents for the analysis of substances in blood or blood serum, the final signals emitted by different enzyme reactions are usually not only hydrogen peroxide but also ammonia, NAD(P)H and so on. However, the practical chemiluminescence method for ammonia and NAD(P)H has not been established. We have discovered a new practical method for ammonia and NAD(P)H using an enzyme column reactor consisting of both immobilized L‐glutamate dehydrogenase and L‐glutamate oxidase. The determinations of glucose and uric acid in serum by chemiluminometry after production of hydrogen peroxide by the respective oxidases are presented. A newly chemiluminometric determination of ammonia, NAD(P)H and its applications to other enzymatic analyses that give ammonia and NAD(P)H as a final signal are also described.
Configuration and optimization of a common two‐site immunoassay for human prolactin using a chemiluminescent tracer and an enzymatic tracer
Authors: Farina L. , Comuzio S. , Bolelli G. , Mimmi P. , Messeri G. , Orlandini A. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWe have developed a two‐site immunoassay for human prolactin using two monoclonal antibodies: one of them immobilized on the solid phase and the other labelled with biotin. The serum is incubated simultaneously with the antibody‐coated bead, the biotinylated antibody and the tracer (streptavidin–isoluminol or avidin–peroxidase complex). Our experimental work has been directed towards a common set of reagents to capture the prolactin and then, with different tracers, towards obtaining on the calibration curve the same results for unknown samples.On the basis of the positive results we obtained, we have developed a kit that can be used by the customer or as an enzyme‐immunoassay or as a chemiluminescent immunoassay, depending on instrumentation available, spectrophotometer or luminometer.
Future applications of magic lite technology
Authors: Krodel Elizabeth , Unger John 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe features that Magic Lite products offer as an immunoassay delivery system are discussed. The use of paramagnetic particles and acridinium ester labels confers advantages of speed, sensitivity, and stability. The technology has been used to measure analytes of widely varying molecular weights and serum concentrations, indicating its potential to detect the full range of clinically relevant analytes. Initial development efforts have indicated that the advantages of the system can be effectively exploited in an automated instrument.
Magnesium‐dependent induction of phagocytosis‐associated chemiluminescence of adherent human polymorphonuclear leukocytes by non‐opsonized zymosan
Authors: Roschger Paul , Graninger Wolfgang , Klima Herbert 
Published: May 2005

AbstractA severe dysfunction in the cellular response of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) to non‐opsonized zymosan was observed under a deficiency of extracellular Mg2+. The phagocytosis‐association native (luminol‐independent) luminescence (NL), as well as luminol‐dependent luminescence (LDL) (detected simultaneously and discriminated by spectral methods), was strongely inhibited. Apart from a general decrease of total light production, a Mg2+‐concentration‐dependent delay of the maximum of NL and LDL was observed. A disorder in recruitment of activated membrane‐bound NADPH‐oxidase of PMNL is suggested. The presence of extracellular Ca2+ did not compensate for the Mg2+ deficit. In the presence of Mg2+ only a slight Ca2+‐dependent reduction of NL was obtained, but Ca2+ seemed to selectively promote LDL. This may indicate a positive influence of Ca2+ on the myeloperoxidase release from the cells. Experiments with the metalions‐chelating agents EDTA and EGTA, which complex Mg2+ to differing extents, confirmed the important role of Mg2+ in PMNL‐activation by non‐opsonized zymosan.
Enhanced chemiluminescent immunoassay for aldosterone
Authors: Hubl W. , Thorpe G. H. G. , Hofmann F. , Meissner D. , Thiele H. J. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractA solid phase immunoassay for aldosterone using enhanced chemiluminescent detection has been developed. Monoclonal antibodies against aldosterone were used for the immune reaction and compared with polyclonal antibodies. Uniform Protein A coated polystyrene tubes were used as solid phase for the monoclonal antibody and second (anti‐rabbit) antibody coated tubes for the polyclonal antibody. Horseradish peroxidase was covalently linked to aldosterone as enzyme label. Optimum conditions were established for the generation and measurement of the luminescent reactions using luminol, p‐iodophenol as enhancer and hydrogen peroxide.The advantages of this assay are the high sensitivity with a detection limit of 100fg/tube, the prolonged luminescence signal with a simplification of the measurement (simpler detectors, external start pipetting) and the short measure time with the possibility of repeated measurement. The coefficients of variation were 4.2%–7.3% in the concentration range 140–1180 pmol/l. The assay showed a significant correlation (r = 0.91) with the ELISA.The aldosterone concentrations in plasma and saliva of patients with Conn's syndrome were significantly increased, and in patients with Addison's disease were found near the detection limit.
Influence of gluten‐derived fractions on chemiluminescence production by human neutrophils
Authors: Roccatello D. , Amprimo M. Claudia , Coppo Rosanna , Cavalli G. , Quattrocchio G. , Gianoglio B. , Ferrerc A. , Mauro Clelia Di , Sena L. M. , Piccoli G. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe effects of gliadin and glyc‐gli on leukocyte chemiluminescence response were assessed in vitro. A dose‐dependent increase in chemiluminescence response of neutrophils stimulated by zymosan was observed by using gliadin at concentrations ranging between 1 and 20 μg. By increasing glyc‐gli concentration, a bimodal response was observed with an enhancement up to 50 μg/ml, followed by suppressive effects, which were again dose‐dependent. The possible implications of these findings in human pathology are discussed.
Enhanced chemiluminescence ELISA for Listeria specific antigen in cerebrospinal fluid using an FITC‐anti‐FITC system
Authors: Samuel Dhanraj , McLauchlin James , Taylor Anthony G. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAn enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is described for the detection of a soluble Listeria monocytogenes serogroup 4 antigen in cerebrospinal fluid samples (CSFs). In the ELISA an anti‐Listeria monoclonal antibody, immobilized onto assay wells, was used to capture antigen from CSFs. the captured antigen was then reacted with a fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugate of the same anti‐Listeria antibody, which was detected with a horseradish peroxidase conjugate of a monoclonal antibody to FITC. The presence of antigen was detected by an enhanced chemiluminescence assay using a camera luminometer.Antigen was detected in the CSFs taken from five out of seven patients with culture proven L. monocytogenes serogroup 4 central nervous system infections, and in none of the CSFs taken from 25 other patients.
Detection of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 urinary antigen using an enhanced chemiluminescence ELISA
Authors: Samuel Dhanraj , Harrison Timothy G. , Taylor Anthony G. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAn enhanced chemiluminescence enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay has been developed for the detection of soluble antigen in the urine of patients with Legionnaires' disease (LD). In the assay antigen(s) in the urine samples are captured by a rabbit anti‐L. pneumophila antibody coated onto microtitre strips. A fluorescein‐isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugate of the same antibody is then added which binds to the captured antigen. Any immobilized FITC‐labelled antibody is then detected with a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate of a monoclonal anti‐FITC antibody. HRP activity is monitored after oxidation of luminol in the presence of H2O2 and iodophenol. The resulting luminescence is recorded using a camera luminometer.Urine specimens were available for testing from 31 patients with evidence of ongoing L. pneumophila serogroup 1 infection. A positive result was obtained in the cases of 12/12 specimens from culture‐proven LD patients, and 16/19 specimens from patients with serological evidence of LD. Thus the sensitivity is estimated to be 28/31 (90%) The specificity was estimated using urine specimens from eight patients with non‐L. pneumophila pneumonias of known aetiology. All eight specimens gave a negative result.