bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning-based Relaxation of Completeness Requirements for Data Entry Forms
Authors: Belgacem Hichem , Li Xiaochen , Bianculli Domenico , Briand Lionel 
Published: December 2023

Data entry forms use completeness requirements to specify the fields that are required or optional to fill for collecting necessary information from different types of users. However, because of the evolving nature of software, some required fields may not be applicable for certain types of users anymore. Nevertheless, they may still be incorrectly marked as required in the form; we call such fields obsolete required fields. Since obsolete required fields usually have “not-null” validation checks before submitting the form, users have to enter meaningless values in such fields to complete the form submission. These meaningless values threaten the quality of the filled data and could negatively affect stakeholders or learning-based tools that use the data. To avoid users filling meaningless values, existing techniques usually rely on manually written rules to identify the obsolete required fields and relax their completeness requirements. However, these techniques are ineffective and costly.
In this article, we propose LACQUER, a learning-based automated approach for relaxing the completeness requirements of data entry forms. LACQUER builds Bayesian Network models to automatically learn conditions under which users had to fill meaningless values. To improve its learning ability, LACQUER identifies the cases where a required field is only applicable for a small group of users and uses SMOTE, an oversampling technique, to generate more instances on such fields for effectively mining dependencies on them. During the data entry session, LACQUER predicts the completeness requirement of a target based on the already filled fields and their conditional dependencies in the trained model.
Our experimental results show that LACQUER can accurately relax the completeness requirements of required fields in data entry forms with precision values ranging between 0.76 and 0.90 on different datasets. LACQUER can prevent users from filling 20% to 64% of meaningless values, with negative predictive values (i.e., the ability to correctly predict a field as “optional”) between 0.72 and 0.91. Furthermore, LACQUER is efficient; it takes at most 839 ms to predict the completeness requirement of an instance.
The Influence of Smoking and Occupational Risk Factors on DNA Methylation in the AHRR and F2RL3 Genes
Authors: Pelland-St-Pierre Laura , Pham Michael C. , Nguyen Alice Quynh Huong , Pasquet Romain , Taylor Sherryl A. , Bosson-Rieutort Delphine , Koushik Anita , Ho Vikki 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
AHRR and F2RL3 hypomethylation has been associated with lung cancer. In this study, we investigated the cross-sectional association between smoking and occupational exposures, and AHRR and F2RL3 methylation.

Methods:
A case–control study was nested in CARTaGENE to examine the association between AHRR and F2RL3 methylation and lung cancer risk (200 cases; 400 controls). A secondary analysis was conducted using the data collected from this nested study; namely, baseline information on participants’ smoking behavior and longest-held job was obtained. A cumulative smoking index summarized information on the number of cigarettes smoked, duration of smoking, and time since cessation. Exposure to 13 occupational agents was estimated using the Canadian Job Exposure Matrix. In baseline blood samples, methylation ratios of 40 CpG sites in the AHRR and F2RL3 genes were measured using Sequenom EpiTYPER. Separate least squares regression models were used to estimate the associations between smoking and occupational exposures, and average AHRR and F2RL3 methylation levels, while adjusting for confounders identified from directed acyclic graphs.

Results:
In both genes, smoking was associated with lower average methylation levels. Occupational exposure to aromatic amines, cadmium, and formaldehyde were associated with lower AHRR methylation while, only benzene was associated with F2RL3 hypomethylation; these associations were stronger among ever smokers.

Conclusions:
Our findings support that smoking and occupational exposures to some agents are associated with AHRR and F2RL3 hypomethylation.

Impact:
Our results inform on mechanisms underlying environmental exposures in lung cancer etiology; future studies should prioritize studying joint exposures.
Fotografia experimental: conceito, poética e estética de agenciamento político na arte latino-americana
Authors: Carvalho Ludimilla 
Published: December 2023

A fotografia experimental contemporânea, realizada por artistas latino-americanos, demonstra afinidade com a crítica feita por intelectuais do continente (MIGNOLO, 2010; QUIJANO, 1992; BAIO, 2022; MACHADO, 1984) aos efeitos sociais, epistêmicos e estéticos do pensamento moderno europeu. Desde o século XIX, a fotografia e seus usos dominantes remetem a valores deste pensamento, tais como o tempo linear, a objetividade, o realismo e a verossimilhança. As práticas experimentais, realizadas desde o período oitocentista, representam um contraponto a esses valores, apresentando-se como afronta estética e conceitual a esta agenda epistemológica. Sem uma cronologia ordenada e caracterizada por diferentes metodologias e estéticas, elas vêm sendo conceituadas com mais ênfase a partir dos anos 2000, por autores como Fernandes Junior (2002), Lenot (2017) e Chiarelli (2006). Com base em pesquisas recentes Wanderlei (2021, 2022) e Cruz e Wanderlei (2023), apresentamos a hipótese de que no contexto latino-americano alguns trabalhos experimentais podem se revestir de uma conotação política, pois trazem críticas às consequências históricas da Modernidade europeia ocidental, o que veremos a partir da análise dos projetos Atlântico Vermelho (2017), de Rosana Paulino, e Rumiantes (2022), de Manuel Limay Incil.
Thoracic Aortic Calcium Density and Area in Long-Term Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Men Versus Women
Authors: Razavi Alexander C. , Kim Cherry , van Assen Marly , De Cecco Carlo N. , Berman Daniel S. , Budoff Matthew J. , Quyyumi Arshed A. , Vaccarino Viola , Miedema Michael D. , Nasir Khurram , Rozanski Alan , Fernandez Camilo , Rumberger John A. , Shaw Leslee J. , Bødtker Mortensen Martin , Wong Nathan D. , Blumenthal Roger S. , Sperling Laurence S. , Whelton Seamus P. , Blaha Michael J. , Dzaye Omar 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:
The development of thoracic aortic calcium (TAC) temporally precedes coronary artery calcium more often in women versus men. Whether TAC density and area confer sex-specific differences in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk is unknown.

METHODS:

We studied 5317 primary prevention patients who underwent coronary artery calcium scoring on noncontrast cardiac gated computed tomography with TAC >0. The Agatston TAC score (Agatston units), density (Hounsfield units), and area (mm
2
) were compared between men and women. Cox proportional hazards regression calculated adjusted hazard ratios for TAC density-area groups with ASCVD mortality, adjusting for traditional risk factors, coronary artery calcium, and TAC. Multinomial logistic regression calculated adjusted odds ratios for the association between traditional risk factors and TAC density-area groups.

RESULTS:

The mean age was 60.7 years, 38% were women, and 163 ASCVD deaths occurred over a median of 11.7-year follow-up. Women had higher median TAC scores (97 versus 84 Agatston units;
P
=0.004), density (223 versus 210 Hounsfield units;
P
<0.001), and area (37 versus 32 mm
2
;
P
=0.006) compared with men. There was a stepwise higher incidence of ASCVD deaths across increasing TAC density-area groups in men though women with low TAC density relative to TAC area (3.6 per 1000 person-years) had survival probability commensurate with the high-density-high-area group (4.8 per 1000 person-years). Compared with low TAC density-area, low TAC density/high TAC area conferred a 3.75-fold higher risk of ASCVD mortality in women (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.75 [95% CI, 1.13–12.44]) but not in men (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 0.48–2.84]). Risk factors most strongly associated with low TAC density/high TAC area differed in women (diabetes: adjusted odds ratio, 2.61 [95% CI, 1.34–5.07]) versus men (hypertension: adjusted odds ratio, 1.45 [95% CI, 1.11–1.90]).

CONCLUSIONS:
TAC density-area phenotypes do not consistently associate with ASCVD mortality though low TAC density relative to area may be a marker of increased ASCVD risk in women.
What about Love?
Authors: Nenadović Ana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article examines the representation of love in two contemporary Nigerian novels, Abubakar Adam Ibrahim’s Season of Crimson Blossoms (2015) and Akwaeke Emezi’s The Death of Vivek Oji (2020). Inspired by bell hooks’s understanding of love and Dani d’Emilia and Daniel B. Chávez’s manifesto Radical Tenderness Is … I suggest the concept of defiant love as a tool for analysing love as a form of civic dissent in these novels. ‘Defiant love,’ as I understand it, embraces the complementary duality of love as emotion and action. Consequently, to allow the emotion of love to evolve in violent and patriarchal circumstances already constitutes dissent with the status quo. I argue that the two novels explore relationships and alliances that defy patriarchal structures, in particular gender norms and heteronormativity. Season of Crimson Blossoms and The Death of Vivek Oji depict the potentiality of defiant love, be it between a middle-aged widow and a young man, or queer young people, in socio-political contexts of continuous political and ethnic tensions, oppression and violence. The novels negotiate what constitutes dissent and what role affects play in moments of civic dissent.
Linné et Buffon : deux visions différentes de la nature et de l'histoire naturelle
Authors: Barsanti Giulio 
Published: December 2023

It is argued that, of the three distinct approaches usually adhered to in discussions of this controversy, none will produce an adequate reconstruction of the episode. The philosophical-methodological type of approach leads to a glossing over of the intricacies of deductive and inductive procedures inhering in the writings of both antagonists (§ 1). The metaphysical approach leads to oversimplification as to the thinking of either scientist on the problem of the continuous or discontinuous character of Nature(§ 2). The epistemological (theory of knowledge) type of approach, finally, leads authors to posit a Linnaean realism vs. a Buffonian nominalism, whereas the true position was much more complex than what transpires(§ 3).
The paper proceeds, therefore, to provide a novel reconstruction of this wellknown controversy (§ 4-5), concentrating on the differing choices made by the two naturalists in their work of botanical or zoological classification : thus seeking to show that the clash came about because Buffon rejected the rigid principle of character subordination put forward by Linnaeus, and, on a more general level, because the two protagonists were proceeding from deeply diverging views of what natural history, and what the naturalist's function, should be.
Colon and Rectal Surgery Fellowship Applicant and Matching Trends in the United States: An Analysis of National Resident Matching Program Data
Authors: Sohail Amir H. , Ye Ivan B. , Martinez Kevin A. , Campos Marco A. , Sohail Sachal , Williams Caroline E. , Khan Muhammad Salman , Bhatti Umar , Hakmi Hazim , Akhtar Aisha , Quazi Mohammed A. , Sheikh Abu Baker , Goyal Aman , Khan Aimal 
Published: December 2023

Background Colon and Rectal Surgery fellowships are training programs that aim to train surgeons in the management of small bowel, colon, rectal, and anal pathologies. Objective We investigated trends in Colon and Rectal Surgery fellowship match to help applicants anticipate future fellowship application cycles. Design This was a retrospective cohort study of applicants in the Colon and Rectal Surgery match from 2009 to 2023. Proportion of positions filled, match rates, and rank-order lists were collected. The impact of US-MD, non-US-MD, and DO status on match rate was assessed. We used the Mann Kendall trend test to obtain tau statistic and P-value for temporal trends over time, while associations between categorical variables were investigated by a chi-square test. Results Fellowship programs increased from 43 to 67, positions increased from 78 to 110, and number of applicants rose from 113 to 135. Nearly all positions were filled from 2009 to 2023 (range: 96.3%-100%). The overall match rate fluctuated between 67.3% and 80.7%. The match rate over the past 5 years was 72.0%. The match rate for US-MDs was 80.0%, while non-US-MDs had a 56.2% match rate. The percentage matching at each rank were first choice 28.0%, second choice 10.4%, third choice 6.9%, and fourth choice or lower 23.5%. Conclusion Despite an increase in Colon and Rectal Surgery fellowship positions, the overall match rate has not changed significantly over the years, mainly as a result of increased applicants.
Perceived impact of digital health technology on health professionals and their work: A qualitative study in Southern Ghana
Authors: Mensah Nathan Kumasenu , Adzakpah Godwin , Kissi Jonathan , Boadu Richard Okyere , Acheampongmaa Queensly Kyerewaa , Taylor-Abdulai Hannah , Chatio Samuel Tamti 
Published: December 2023

Background Digital health technology (DHT) has become an essential part of an effective and efficient healthcare information system. Although DHT promises great potential it does not always meet the expectation of users. Often, in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the implemented DHT does not function as intended and impacts negatively on health professionals and their work. Therefore, this study explored the views of participants about the impact of DHTs on the work of health professionals after it has been introduced in Ghana. Methodology The study used a qualitative research approach where in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with study participants across three health facilities in Ghana. A purposive sampling technique was used to select participants. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and coded into themes using QSR Nvivo 12 software before thematic content analysis. Results Our findings revealed that DHT reduced the workload on the healthcare providers and also ensures continuity of care. Participants perceived that DHT was fast, and ensures quality and accurate information, which could be easily accessed by health professionals for better decision making. However, poor internet connectivity and erratic power supplies were reported as the main impediments causing delays and frustrations to the staff at the study health facilities. Conclusion The study found that DHT has a positive effect on the work of health professionals. However, poor internet connectivity and unstable power supply caused delays in the provision of care and disruptions in the work process affecting the smooth operation of the DHT and threatening to erode the potential benefits to the health system and users.
Nine controversial questions about augmentation therapy for alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency: a viewpoint
Authors: Miravitlles Marc , Anzueto Antonio , Barrecheguren Miriam 
Published: December 2023

Augmentation therapy with intravenous alpha-1 antitrypsin is the only specific treatment for alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD)-associated emphysema. This treatment has been available and remained basically unchanged for more than 35 years, but many questions persist regarding its indications, regimen of administration and efficacy. Because AATD is a rare disease, it has not been possible to conduct randomised, placebo-controlled trials that are adequately powered for the usual outcomes analysed in non-AATD-related COPD, such as lung function decline, exacerbations, symptoms or quality of life. New outcomes such as lung densitometry measured by computed tomography are more sensitive for identifying emphysema progression but are not widely accepted by regulatory agencies. In addition, clinical manifestations, severity and the natural history of lung disease associated with AATD are very heterogeneous, which means that individual prediction of prognosis is challenging. Therefore, the indication for augmentation is sometimes a dilemma between initiating treatment in individuals who may not develop significant lung disease or in whom disease will not progress and delaying it in patients who will otherwise rapidly and irreversibly progress.Other areas of debate are the possible indication for augmentation in patients with severe AATD and respiratory diseases other than emphysema, such as bronchiectasis or asthma, and the use of therapy after lung transplant in AATD patients. All these uncertainties imply that the indication for treatment must be personalised in expert reference centres after in-depth discussion of the pros and cons of augmentation with the patient.
Associations of medicine use and ejection fraction with the coexistence of frailty and sarcopenia in a sample of heart failure outpatients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Valdiviesso Rui , Amaral Teresa F. , Moreira Emília , Sousa-Santos Ana Rita , Fernandes Mário , Aguiar Maria J. V. , Martins Sónia , Azevedo Luís F. , Fernandes Lia , Silva-Cardoso José , Borges Nuno 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Frailty and sarcopenia have been extensively studied in heart failure (HF) patients, but their coexistence is unknown. The aim of this work is to describe the coexistence of these conditions in a sample of HF outpatients and its association with the use of medication and left-ventricular ejection fraction.

Methods
Participants in this cross-sectional study were recruited from a HF outpatients’ clinic in northern Portugal. Frailty phenotype was assessed according to Fried et al. Sarcopenia was evaluated according to the revised consensus of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People.

Results
A total of 136 HF outpatients (33.8% women, median age 59 years) integrated this study. Frailty and sarcopenia accounted for 15.4% and 18.4% of the sample, respectively. Coexistence of frailty and sarcopenia was found in 8.1% of the participants, while 17.6% had only one of the conditions. In multivariable analysis (n = 132), increasing age (OR = 1.13;95%CI = 1.06,1.20), being a woman (OR = 65.65;95%CI = 13.50, 319.15), having heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) (OR = 5.61; 95%CI = 1.22, 25.76), and using antidepressants (OR = 11.05; 95%CI = 2.50, 48.82), anticoagulants (OR = 6.11; 95%CI = 1.69, 22.07), furosemide (OR = 3.95; 95%CI = 1.07, 14.55), and acetylsalicylic acid (OR = 5.01; 95%CI = 1.10, 22.90) were associated with increased likelihood of having coexistence of frailty and sarcopenia, while using statins showed the inverse effect (OR = 0.06; 95%CI = 0.01, 0.30).

Conclusions
The relatively low frequency of coexistence of frailty and sarcopenia signifies that each of these two conditions still deserve individual attention from health professionals in their clinical practice and should be screened separately. Being a woman, older age, having HFpEF, using anticoagulants, antidepressants, loop diuretics and acetylsalicylic acid, and not using statins, were associated with having concomitant frailty and sarcopenia. These patients can potentially benefit from interventions that impact their quality of life such as nutritional and mental health interventions and exercise training.
Does testosterone influence the association between sleep and frailty in men: results from the European Male Aging Study
Authors: Sharma Seema D. , Cook Michael J. , Antonio Leen , Gielen Evelien , Bartfai Gyorgy , Casanueva Felipe F. , Huhtaniemi Ilpo T. , Maggi Mario , Punab Margus , Rastrelli Giulia , Slowikowska-Hilczer Jolanta , Tournoy Jos , Vanderschueren Dirk , Wu Frederick C. , O’Neill Terence W. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have suggested an association between sleep disturbance and frailty. The mechanism is unknown, although it has been suggested that hormonal factors may play a role.

Methods
The aim was to determine the association between sleep duration, sleep quality and frailty, and to determine whether testosterone influenced this association. Males aged 40–79 years were recruited from eight European centres to the European Male Aging Study (EMAS). Subjects completed an interviewer-assisted questionnaire including questions regarding sleep quality and duration. Sleep quality was scored 0–20 and categorised as 0–4, 5–9, 10–14, and 15–20, with higher scores indicating poorer quality. A 39-component frailty index (FI) was constructed. Total testosterone levels were measured. The association between sleep duration, sleep quality and the FI was assessed using negative binomial regression, with adjustment for putative confounders including testosterone level.

Results
Two thousand three hundred ninety-three participants contributed data to the analysis. The mean age was 63.3 years and mean sleep duration was 7.01 h. The mean frailty index was 0.15. Mean testosterone levels declined with decreasing sleep quality. After adjustment, compared to those with a sleep score of 0–4, the FI was 57% (95% CI 38%, 78%) higher among those with a sleep score of 15–20. After adjustment compared to those with normal sleep duration (6–9 h), those with a short (< 6 h) and long (≥ 9 h) sleep duration had a 16% (95% CI 6%, 28%) and 11% (95% CI 0%, 23%) higher FI, respectively. Adjustment for testosterone did not influence the strength of either association.

Conclusion
Frailty is associated with impaired sleep quality and sleep duration. The association cannot, however, be explained by variation in testosterone levels.
Radiofrequency ablation for pediatric recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: a single-center experience
Authors: Long Haiyi , Wu Wenxin , Zhou Luyao , Shen Hui , Xie Xiaoyan , Liu Baoxian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To summarize our single-center experience with percutaneous ultrasound (US)-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for pediatric recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (RHCC).

Methods
From September 2007 to September 2021, patients under 18 who underwent percutaneous US-guided RFA for RHCC were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Local effectiveness, complications, local tumor progression (LTP), progression free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated.

Results
A total of 10 patients (9 male and 1 female; mean age, 11.7 ± 4 years ; age range, 6–17 years) with 15 intrahepatic RHCC lesions were enrolled in this study. Complete ablation (CA) was achieved in 14 out of 15 lesions (93.3%) after the first RFA. During the follow-up (mean, 63.1 ± 18 months; range, 5.3-123.3 months), LTP did not occur. Five patients died including three with tumor progression and one with liver failure. The accumulative one- and three-year PFS rates were 30% and 10%, respectively. The accumulative one- and three-year OS rates were 77.8% and 44.4%, respectively.

Conclusions
Our single-center experience suggests the safety and feasibility of percutaneous US-guided RFA for pediatric RHCC.