bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perineural invasion in incisional biopsy is an indication for en block resection in oral squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and floor of the mouth
Authors: Kostakis George , Stathopoulos Panagiotis , Papadopoulos Panagiotis 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose; Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a worldwide disease associated with severe morbidity, recurrence and limited survival rates. The histologic finding of perineural invasion is a poor prognostic factor with an incidence of up to 40% in primary and recurrent cases. The aim of this study is to detect factors that influence prognosis in patients operated for oral cancer with perineural invasion in their histopathology report and to propose safer options of treatment with respect to recurrence and survival rates. Patients and methods; Overall, 75 cases of patients operated for oral squamous cell carcinoma were included in the study. Of these cases, 14 with perineural invasion were found. We created two groups: one group of patients treated with en-block resection and a second group of patients treated with a discontinuous resection between the primary site and the neck. Results; Oral cancer patients with known perineural invasion treated with en-block resection had a much better overall and disease specific survival than patients treated with a discontinuous manner (p < .001). The difference of recurrence rate between these two groups of patients was found to be very significant in our study (p < .0005) Conclusion It is therefore our suggestion that in oral squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and floor of the mouth with perineural invasion detected in the incisional biopsy, an extended en-block resection to include the affected nerves should be performed.
The influence of interatrial conduction disorders on atrial mechanical function - atrial strain and pulmonary veins reversal flow
Authors: Zawadzki Jacek , Gajek Jacek , Zawadzki Grzegorz , Sławuta Agnieszka , Kudliński Bartosz 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The physiologic activation of left atrium (LA) happens via Bachmann bundle which is major for the proper functioning of the heart. In 1979 Bayes de Luna described the interatrial blocks (IABs), which impair the mechanism of AV synchrony. Our aim was to evaluate the LA mechanics using LA strain in normal and impaired interatrial conduction, regarding the retrograde flow in the pulmonary veins (PV). The study included 51 patients (25F,26M; 69,5+/-13,1 years), with SARS-CoV-2(+), and related symptoms. 6 patients with persistent AF were excluded from the study. All participants underwent clinical evaluation, ECG (200mm/s, x256), echocardiography (EF, mitral regurgitation, LA volume, global and regional strain, PV reversal flow). We found a statistic dependency between LA global strain and P-wave morphology, MR, HF, AFP. There was no clear correlation between the PV reversal flow and LA strain. The mean P wave duration was correlated with its morphology. The correlations between the P-wave morphology and hypertension, overweight, AFP were also observed. Concluding, LA mechanics are negatively influenced by IABs. LA global strain is independently correlated with P wave duration, EF and MR. The examination with regional LA strain is a potentially good technique for assessing LA mechanics and is complementary to precise electrocardiography.
Dynamical investigation of NinAgm(n+m=147,309,561) nanoalloys with core-shell orderings
Authors: Zehir Damla , Taran Songül , Arslan Haydar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The structures and dynamical properties of core-shell bimetallic Ni-Ag nanoalloys varying with different sizes and compositions have been studied by using Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamics simulations. We have considered the compositions in which the size of the core increases while the total number of atoms are fixed. In this sense, two (Ni13Ag134, Ni55Ag92), three (Ni13Ag296, Ni55Ag254, Ni147Ag162) and four (Ni13Ag548, Ni55Ag506, Ni147Ag414 and Ni309Ag252) compositions were considered for 147, 309 and 561 atoms, respectively. It is obtained that highly symmetric Mackay icosahedral structures with centered symmetric cores appear for these specific sizes and compositions. Also, smaller Ni atoms tend to occupy the core and Ag atoms prefer to segregate to surface of the nanoalloy due to its lower surface and cohesive energy. Then, obtained lowest energy structures by Basin Hopping MC simulations were used as initial configurations for melting simulations. It can be said that transitions between different chemical ordering patterns with increasing temperature are possible in this systems while they are still in the solid state. Although there are clear differences in the melting process of the compositions with increasing size of the core, for all cases, surface melting occurs indicating that the Ag shell melts before inner Ni core.
Safety and efficacy of Levetiracetam and Carbamazepine monotherapy in the management of pediatric focal epilepsy: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Montazerlotfelahi Hadi , Ketabforoush Arsh Haj Mohamad Ebrahim , Tavakol Marzieh , Ashrafi Mahmoudreza , Dehghani Mahdieh , Mostafavi Keihan , Mardi Shayan , Tajfirooz Sanaz 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Due to the limited number of studies in children with focal epilepsy and the importance of choosing the most suitable drug to control seizures in children, the administration of the most effective medication with the most negligible side effects is vital.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and side effects of Carbamazepine vs. Levetiracetam monotherapy in children with focal seizures.
Design: A monocentric, randomized, controlled, double-blind, parallel-group clinical trial
Setting: This study was approved by the Iranian Registry of clinical trials (registration number: IRCT20170216032603N2) on June 19, 2020, and conducted at the neurology department of Imam Ali Hospital, Karaj, Iran, from February 2020 to March 2021
Participant: This study assessed 120 patients with recently diagnosed focal seizures aged 2 to 14.
Methods: Patients were randomly divided into two groups, who received Carbamazepine (CBZ) 15 to 20 mg/kg and Levetiracetam (LEV) 20 to 40 mg/kg daily, respectively. Both medicines were prescribed in divided doses of tablets twice daily. Patients were evaluated for improvement and complications at weeks four, 12, and 24.
Results: Totally out of 120 patients included in the study; six patients were excluded due to various complications of CBZ. The mean number of seizures at the end of the fourth, twelfth, and twenty-fourth weeks were 1.09 ± 0.75, 0.62 ± 0.27, and 0.39 ± 0.12 in the Carbamazepine group and 1.11 ± 0.63, 0.52 ± 0.21, and 0.37 ± 0.11 in the LEV group, respectively (P>0.05). Similarly, the number of seizure-free patients was 34, 44, and 48 in the CBZ group compared to 41, 50, and 54 in the LEV group, respectively (P>0.05). On the other hand, the frequency of somnolence, dermatologic complications, and agitation was considerably higher in the CBZ group (P <0.05).
Significance: Although both medicines were equally effective in seizure control, CBZ was associated with considerably more side effects and less patient compliance. Physicians should be aware of this difference to prevent unwanted consequences.
Establishing Cloud Security by Setting up Honeypot on Azure Services
Authors: Arif Haroon , Hoda Farazul , Kumar Aashesh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Using honeypots enhances cloud security, specifically focusing on implementing a honeypot on Azure Services. The paper delineates the advantages of honeypots, such as prompt detection of attacks, recognition of attack methods, safeguarding critical data, awareness of the threat landscape, and training security teams. Furthermore, the article elucidates the steps for establishing a honeypot on Azure Services, encompassing the selection of a virtual machine, installation, and configuration of the honeypot software, deployment of monitoring and logging functionalities, establishment of security groups, execution of a penetration test, and consistent monitoring of the honeypot. The rationale for setting up a honeypot on Azure Services is to deliver an all-inclusive approach to cloud security that supplements customary security measures and facilitates enterprises to anticipate evolving security hazards.
Hydroponic nutrient solution temperature impacts Tulane virus persistence over time
Authors: Dhulappanavar Gayatri R. , Gibson Kristen E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Controlled environment agriculture (CEA), or indoor agriculture, encompasses non-traditional farming methods that occur inside climate-controlled structures (e.g., greenhouses, warehouses, high tunnels) allowing for year-round production of fresh produce such as leaf lettuce. However, recent outbreaks and recalls associated with hydroponically grown lettuce contaminated with human pathogens have raised concerns. Few studies exist on the food safety risks during hydroponic cultivation of leaf lettuce; thus, it is important to identify contributing risk factors and potential mitigation strategies to prevent foodborne transmission via hydroponically-grown produce. In this study, the persistence of Tulane virus (TV), a human norovirus surrogate, in hydroponic nutrient solution at 15°C, 25°C, 30°C, and 37°C was determined over a duration of 21 days to mimic the time from seedling to mature lettuce. Tulane virus persisted throughout the 21-day study period at 15, 25, and 30°C compared to 37°C where TV persistence was limited five days. The mean log reduction for TV was 0.86, 1.80, 2.87, and ³3.77 log PFU/mL at 15°C, 25°C, 30°C, and 37°C, respectively, at the end of the 21-day period. The decimal reduction values (D-values) of TV indicate longer persistence in hydroponic nutrient solution at 15°C compared to 25°C, 30°C, and 37°C with D-values of 28.5, 15.0, 8.2, and 2.3 days, respectively. This study aids in identification of possible food safety risks associated with hydroponic systems and aid in developing risk management strategies to reduce foodborne outbreaks, fresh produce recalls, and economic losses.
Exploring the adoption of the MDA framework to develop a game-based Test of Logical Thinking
Authors: Dasanayake D.W.M. Nirmani Chathurya , Sandanayake T. C. , Premasiri S. M.U. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Game-based recruitment is an emerging trend adopted by organizations globally, given its proven results in boosting candidate perceptions of the company and providing an improved recruitment experience. This paper explores the use of the MDA framework, consisting of mechanics, dynamics, and aesthetics, in the process of game development to test analytical thinking.
Methods
The Test of Logical Thinking (TOLT) by Tobin and Capie, which has previously been found effective for analytical skill thinking in computer engineering professionals, has been used as the foundation for game-based test development. The questions in the original TOLT test have been adapted to suit a continuous scenario of a scavenger hunt, which has been designed using mechanics, dynamics, and aesthetics. Testing has been carried out using a focus group of eight fresh graduate software engineering recruits. Data has been collected using a mixed methods approach with a quantitative emphasis.
Results
Candidate perceptions of the recruitment process and the employer have been recorded to be positively influenced by the introduction of game-based testing in the recruitment process. Candidate ratings on mechanics, dynamics, and aesthetics have been above average overall.
Conclusion
Game-based recruitment can be seen as a proven game-changer for software engineering recruiters focused on hiring entry-level graduates. It not only provides them with a competitive advantage but also contributes to test takers being less nervous and helps them focus. The correct adoption of mechanics, dynamics, and aesthetics can elevate the recruitment process and candidates’ perception of the employer.
Study on biological impacts of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction in the treatment of coronary heart disease through Investigating target genes and molecular docking
Authors: Jiang Jiangang , Chen Xinmin , Li Chengwei , Du Xiaoma , Zhou Huadong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
To explore the mechanism of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction in the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD) from multiple angles by using the method of network pharmacology and molecular docking.
Methods
The chemical components of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction were searched through the tcmsp database, and the related targets were predicted through Swiss target prediction database. Through gene cards database, genecards database, TTD database, drugbank database and OMIM database, the disease-related targets were retrieved with the keyword "coronary heart disease", and the intersection between the disease targets and the therapeutic targets of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction was obtained. Then, a series of networks such as "traditional Chinese medicine composition intersection target network" and "PPI network" are constructed from the relevant data, and then the data are enriched and analyzed, molecular docking and so on.
Results
174 active components in Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction can alleviate and treat CHD through 233 potential targets, involving cancer pathway, MAPK signal pathway, PI3K-Akt signal pathway, proteoglycan, lipid and atherosclerosis in cancer, and Rap1 signal pathway. β- Sitosterol, stigmasterol, catechol, quercetin and other components bind well with TNF, TP53, mapk1, AKT1 and other target proteins.
Conclusion
Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction has the potential to treat CHD through multiple components and targets. This finding provides a basis for further research into the mechanism of action of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction in the treatment of CHD.
Nomogram for predicting the surgical difficulty of laparoscopic total mesorectal excision and exploring the technical advantages of robotic surgery
Authors: Guo Fangliang , Xia Cong , Wang Zongheng , Wang Ruiqi , Gao Jianfeng , Meng Yue , Pan Jiahao , Zhang Qianshi , Ren Shuangyi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to construct a preoperative nomogram for predicting the surgical difficulty of laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (L-TME) and to investigate whether there were potential benefits of robotic total mesorectal excision (R-TME) for patients with technically challenging rectal cancer.
Methods
Consecutive mid­low rectal cancer patients receiving total mesorectal excision were included. A preoperative nomogram to predict the surgical difficulty of L-TME was established and validated. Patients with technically challenging rectal cancer were screened by calculating the prediction score of the nomogram. Then patients with technically challenging rectal cancer who underwent different types of surgery, R-TME or L-TME, were analyzed for comparison.
Results
A total of 533 consecutive patients with mid­low rectal cancer who underwent TME at a single tertiary medical center between January 2018 and January 2021 were retrospectively enrolled. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that mesorectal fat area, intertuberous distance, tumor size, and tumor height were independent risk factors for surgical difficulty. Subsequently, these variables were used to construct the nomogram model to predict the surgical difficulty of L-TME. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the nomogram was 0.827 (95% CI 0.745–0.909) and 0.809 (95% CI 0.674–0.944) in the training and validation cohort, respectively. For patients with technically challenging rectal cancer, R-TME was associated with a lower diverting ileostomy rate (p = 0.003), less estimated blood loss (p < 0.043), shorter procedure time (p = 0.009) and shorter postoperative hospital stay (p = 0.037).
Conclusion
In this study, we established a preoperative nomogram to predict the surgical difficulty of L-TME. Furthermore, this study also indicated that R-TME has potential technical advantages for patients with technically challenging rectal cancer.
Estimating EQ-5D-5L Utility Scores from the KDQoL-36 in Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis: A Mapping Algorithm for Economic Evaluation
Authors: Worboys Hannah M , Gray Laura J , Burton James O , Alava Monica Hernández , Cooper Nicola J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The Kidney Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (KDQoL-36) is used to capture meaningful changes in quality of life for patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD). The KDQoL-36 scores highly in psychometric properties and is widely accepted by patients as it focuses directly on the specific symptoms ESKD patients suffer from. The KDQoL-36 is not a preference-based measure and therefore to-date cannot be used in cost-utility analyses for new health technologies.
Aim
To develop a mapping algorithm between the KDQoL-36 and EQ-5D-5L utility, based on the validated US value set, for patients with ESKD undergoing haemodialysis.
Methods
We mapped the KDQoL-36 onto the EQ-5D-5L using two direct mapping methods; linear regression with fixed effects and an adjusted limited dependent variable mixture model (ALDVMM). The KDQOL-36 subscale scores (physical component summary (PCS), mental component summary (MCS)), three disease-specific subscales or their average, and age and sex were included as explanatory variables. Predictive performance was assessed by; mean absolute error, root mean square error, AIC, BIC, and visual inspection of the predicted vs observed means and cumulative density function.
Results
The ALDVMM outperformed the linear model in all aspects of predictive performance. The preferred ALDVMM was the 3-component model that used the PCS, MCS, burden, symptom, effects, age, and sex as explanatory variables.
Conclusions
This study has bridged this gap by developing a mapping algorithm to allow EQ-5D-5L utility predictions from KDQoL-36 responses which can then be used in cost-utility analysis. We add to the current literature demonstrating the superiority of mixture models compared with linear regression in the prediction of EQ-5D-5L utility. The proposed algorithm to map the KDQOL-36 onto the EQ-5D-5L enables researchers to directly estimate an individual’s utility from KDQoL-36 responses. This study has a significant clinical impact as it allows any clinical trial that uses the KDQoL-36, to perform an economic evaluation alongside the trial.
Dissipation During Crack Growth in a Viscoelastic Material from a Cohesive Model for a Finite Specimen
Authors: ciavarella michele 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the present paper, we extend results recently given by Ciavarella, Zhang & McMeeking (2022, Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 169, 105096) to show some actual calculations of the viscoelastic dissipation in a crack propagation at constant speed in a finite size specimen. It is usually believed that the cohesive models introduced by Knauss and Schapery and the dissipation-based theories introduced by de Gennes and Persson-Brener give very similar results for steady state crack propagation in viscoelastic materials, where usually only the asymptotic singular field is used for the stress. We show however that dissipation and the energy balance never reach a steady state, and we are therefore unable to use the de Gennes and Persson-Brener theories which suggested that the increase of effective fracture energy would go up to the ratio of instantaneous to relaxed modulus, at very fast rates. We show viscoelastic dissipation is in general a transient quantity, which can vary by orders of magnitude while the stress intensity factor is kept constant. Also, at intermediate rates dissipation can be orders of magnitude higher than work of fracture multiplied what is believed to be the “viscoelastic enhancement factor” at very large rates. Finally, the total work to break a specimen apart is found, in a realistic example, to be larger than this “limit”, and for quite a large range of realistic conditions at intermediate crack growth rates. This shows that the cohesive model of crack propagation in linear viscoelastic materials permits a more general understanding than models which assume steady state of energy fluxes and simplified energy balance of just the asymptotic singular stress field.
How reliable are post-mastectomy breast reconstruction videos on YouTube?
Authors: Morena Nina , Ben-Zvi Libby , Hayman Victoria , Hou Mary , Gorgy Andrew , Nguyen Diana , Rentschler Carrie A. , Meguerditchian Ari N. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Social media platforms are a significant source of information for young women with breast cancer (YWBC) undergoing post-mastectomy breast reconstruction (PMBR). The emphasis on visual storytelling and building community in online spaces renders YouTube to be a common platform for discussions of BR. This study aims to assess the quality of YouTube videos about PMBR, identify themes related to the PMBR experience, and quantify suggestions of BR as an option PM.
Methods
YouTube was searched incognito with terms “young women breast cancer reconstruction” in 08/2022, in order from most to least viewed. Title, upload date, length, poster identity, number of likes and comments were collected. The Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for audiovisual materials (PEMAT A/V) was used to evaluate understandability and actionability. DISCERN assessed quality and reliability. Presence of sponsorship, intended audience, patient and healthcare professional narratives, and suggestions of PMBR were collected. Reviewers noted whether PMBR was shown and how. Themes were collected inductively and deductively for thematic analysis.
Results
193 videos were identified. Mean video length was 14.6 minutes (SD 20.0 min). 87.1% included sponsorships. 95.9% of videos were posted by an organization. 60.6% were information-based; 45.6% experience-based. Mean PEMAT scores for understandability and actionability were 71.3% (SD 13.4) and 35.7% (SD 41.8), respectively. Mean DISCERN was 2.6/5 (SD 1.2). Patient narrative was present in 52.6% and healthcare professionals’ in 68.4%. PMBR was visually presented 22.8% of the time. 13.5% of videos explicitly recommended PMBR. 2.6% explicitly discouraged it. Patients (77.7%) represented the majority of the intended audience. Most common deductively identified themes included treatment (87.1%), family relationship (17.1%), motherhood (​​15.5%), fertility (11.9%). Inductively identified subthemes included differentiating between various options for PMBR surgery, BRCA genetic testing, psychosocial effects of breast cancer and PMBR, and recovery from surgery.
Conclusions
YouTube is a platform wherein various PMBR options are widely discussed and explained. PMBR videos are highly understandable but have moderate levels of actionability, quality, and reliability. Videos are highly sponsored, demonstrating significant institutional bias. Themes are overwhelmingly treatment and surgery-based. Personal themes were present but not dominant.
Generate Anomalies From Normal:A Partial Pseudo Anomaly Augmented Approach For Video Anomaly Detection
Authors: Dang Yuanjie , Chen Jiangyun , Chen Peng , Gao Nan , Huan Ruohong , Zhao Dongdong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) aims to identify unexpected behaviors or objects in videos. Due to the lack of available anomaly samples for training, video anomaly detection is often considered as a one-class classification problem. Specifically, an autoencoder is trained only on normal data, expected to produce large reconstruction errors when detecting anomalies. However, autoencoders can often learn to reconstruct anomalies, leading to detection failures. To address this issue, we introduce a partial appearance based pseudo anomaly generation method in training. Through this approach, the autoencoder becomes more sensitive to the differences between normal and anomalous data, resulting in superior anomaly discrimination capability. We validated our approach on three widely adopted datasets, and experimental results validate the effectiveness of our proposed method. Our source code is published on https://github.com/OctCjy/GenerateAnomaliesFromNormal.