bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CCR2 is a potential therapeutic target in peri‐implantitis
Authors: Yuan Shasha , Wei Yiping , Jiang Wenting , Sun Fei , Li Siqi , Li Qingqing , Song Zhanming , Liu Zhongtian , Mo Yaqian , Wang Xuekang , Li Ning , Lv Ping , She Shaoping , Wang Cui , Zhang Yu , Wang Ying , Hu Wenjie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimCCR2 (C‐C chemokine receptor type 2) plays a crucial role in inflammatory and bone metabolic diseases; however, its role in peri‐implantitis remains unclear. This study aimed to explore whether CCR2 contributes to peri‐implantitis and the treatment effects of cenicriviroc (CVC) on peri‐implant inflammation and bone resorption.Materials and MethodsThe expression of CCR2 was studied using clinical tissue analysis and an in vivo peri‐implantitis model. The role of CCR2 in promoting inflammation and bone resorption in peri‐implantitis was evaluated in Ccr2−/− mice and wild‐type mice. The effect of CVC on peri‐implantitis was evaluated using systemic and local dosage forms.ResultsHuman peri‐implantitis tissues showed increased CCR2 and CCL2 levels, which were positively correlated with bone loss around the implants. Knocking out Ccr2 in an experimental model of peri‐implantitis resulted in decreased monocyte and macrophage infiltration, reduced pro‐inflammatory cytokine generation and impaired osteoclast activity, leading to reduced inflammation and bone loss around the implants. Treatment with CVC ameliorated bone loss in experimental peri‐implantitis.ConclusionsCCR2 may be a potential target for peri‐implantitis treatment by harnessing the immune‐inflammatory response to modulate the local inflammation and osteoclast activity.
Tanning bed use in Germany between 2015 and 2022: Representative data of 28,000 individuals on indoor tanning, risk awareness and reasons for use
Authors: Diehl Katharina , Breitbart Eckhard W. , de Buhr Yvonne , Görig Tatiana 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundTanning beds were classified as first‐group carcinogens in 2009. Nonetheless, research shows that people in industrialized Western countries use tanning beds. Based on the National Cancer Aid Monitoring (NCAM) including representative data on 28,000 individuals from Germany, we quantified the prevalence as a trend from 2015 to 2022, identified determinants of tanning bed use and analysed risk awareness and reasons for use.MethodsWe used NCAM data from 2015 to 2022 to analyse the trends in the prevalence of tanning bed use (n = 28,000). To determine the characteristics of tanning bed users, risk awareness and reasons, we combined data from the waves 2019 to 2022 (n = 16,000, 49.2% female, 16–65 years) in a pooled dataset to have sufficient power to detect even smaller associations.ResultsTanning bed use decreased to 5.1% in 2022. The use of tanning beds in spas, fitness and beauty facilities increased, except during the COVID‐19 pandemic, while the use in tanning salons decreased. Typical tanning bed users were female, middle‐aged, occupied, higher educated, had an immigrant background and were former or current smokers. Risk awareness was the lowest among the current users. The most frequently mentioned reasons were relaxation, enhancement of attractiveness and pre‐tanning.DiscussionOur nationwide representative data showed that the prevalence of indoor tanning has decreased. Of concern are the lower risk awareness among current users and the shift in place of use towards facilities associated with health and wellness. To further reduce the use of tanning beds, targeted information, educational campaigns and extended legislation are considered helpful.
Development and application of a recombinase‐aided amplification combined with a lateral flow dipstick assay for rapid visual detection of anguillid herpesvirus 1
Authors: Chen Xi , Chen Hua , Ge Jun‐Qing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEel (Anguilla sp.) is an important freshwater‐cultured species with high economic value in China. Anguillid herpesvirus 1 (AngHV‐1) has been proven to be the pathogen of “mucus sloughing and haemorrhagic septicaemia disease” in eels, resulting in significant mortality and substantial losses to the eel industry. Current diagnostic methods for detecting AngHV‐1 are limited to laboratory‐based tests, for example, conventional end‐point PCR and qPCR. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an accurate, rapid, and simple detection method for on‐site diagnosis of AngHV‐1. In this study, we developed a recombinase‐aided amplification combined lateral flow dipstick (RAA‐LFD) assay for the detection of AngHV‐1. The RAA‐LFD assay can be performed within a temperature range of 18–45°C, with a reaction time of just 10 min for amplification. Importantly, the established RAA‐LFD assay exhibited no reactivity with other common aquatic viral pathogens, indicating its high specificity. The limit of detection for this method is 102 copies of AngHV‐1, which is more sensitive than the established conventional end‐point PCR method similarly targeting ORF95. Clinical detection of the diseased samples demonstrated that the accuracy of RAA‐LFD was significantly higher than that of the conventional end‐point PCR. In conclusion, the developed RAA‐LFD assay has proven to be a convenient, rapid, sensitive, and reliable tool for on‐site diagnosis of AngHV‐1. This advancement will be invaluable for the prevention and control of AngHV‐1 in the eel farming industry.
Modeling the effects of levee setbacks on flood hydraulics
Authors: Lammers Roderick W. , Chambers Matthew , Bledsoe Brian P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRelocating levees further back from river channels to increase river–floodplain connection can reduce flood stages and provide a host of co‐benefits. Modeling case studies show the significant potential of large levee setbacks for reducing flood stages; however, the difficulty of comparing between these case studies limits our understanding of how the hydraulic effects of setbacks vary in different settings. We filled this research gap by systematically modeling the hydraulic effects of setbacks across a range of river and flood conditions. We used unsteady, 1D Hydrologic Engineering Center‐River Analysis System models to quantify changes in flood stage, channel velocity, and sediment transport capacity for various setback sizes with different river slopes, widths, floodplain roughness, and flood sizes (peak flows) and durations. Setbacks reduce flood stages within the setback, as well as up‐ and downstream. Channel velocity and sediment transport capacity both increased upstream and decreased within the setback. Channel slope, flood size, and flood duration had the largest influence on hydraulic changes. There are diminishing returns in hydraulic effects with increasing setback size. These results can help guide the design and prioritization of levee setback projects and help set reasonable expectations for the scale of changes to flood hydraulics relative to the size of the reconnected floodplain.
Real‐time prediction and ponding process early warning method at urban flood points based on different deep learning methods
Authors: Zhou Yihong , Wu Zening , Jiang Mengmeng , Xu Hongshi , Yan Denghua , Wang Huiliang , He Chentao , Zhang Xiangyang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAccurate prediction of urban floods is regarded as one of the critical means to prevent urban floods and reduce the losses caused by floods. In this study, a refined prediction and early warning method system for urban flood and waterlogging processes based on deep learning methods is proposed. The spatial autocorrelation of rain and ponding points is analyzed by Moran's I (a common used statistic for spatial autocorrelation). For each ponding point, the relationship model between the rainfall process and ponding process is constructed based on different deep learning methods, and the results are analyzed and verified by mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), Nash efficiency coefficient (NSE) and correlation coefficient (CC). The results show that the gradient boosting decision tree algorithm has the highest accuracy and efficiency (with a 0.001 m RMSE of the predicted and measured ponding depth) for ponding process prediction and is regarded as the most suitable method for ponding process prediction. Finally, the real‐time prediction and early warning of urban floods and waterlogging processes driven by rainfall forecast data are realized, and the results are verified by the measured data. The research results can provide theoretical support for urban flood prevention and control.
Image quality evaluation for FIB‐SEM images
Authors: Roldán Diego , Redenbach Claudia , Schladitz Katja , Kübel Christian , Schlabach Sabine 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFocused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB‐SEM) tomography is a serial sectioning technique where an FIB mills off slices from the material sample that is being analysed. After every slicing, an SEM image is taken showing the newly exposed layer of the sample. By combining all slices in a stack, a 3D image of the material is generated. However, specific artefacts caused by the imaging technique distort the images, hampering the morphological analysis of the structure. Typical quality problems in microscopy imaging are noise and lack of contrast or focus. Moreover, specific artefacts are caused by the FIB milling, namely, curtaining and charging artefacts. We propose quality indices for the evaluation of the quality of FIB‐SEM data sets. The indices are validated on real and experimental data of different structures and materials.
Endometriotic mesenchymal stem cells promote the fibrosis process of endometriosis through paracrine TGF‐β1 mediated RASAL1 inhibition
Authors: Feng Ying , Dong Han , Tan Buzhen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundEndometrial‐derived stem cells are key players in endometriosis (EMs) pathogenesis, while the mechanism involved is still unclear. Herein, the role and regulatory mechanism of endometriotic mesenchymal stem cells (ecto‐MSCs) in regulating fibrosis during EMs progression were investigated.MethodsThe mRNA and protein expressions were assessed using qRT‐PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence. Flow cytometry was adopted to analyze the markers of MSCs. Transwell assay was adopted to examine endometriotic stromal cells (ESCs) migration and invasion. The interactions between DNMT3A and RASAL1 were analyzed by ChIP assay. In addition, MSP was employed to detect RASAL1 promoter methylation level.ResultsEcto‐MSCs promoted ESCs migration, invasion, and fibrosis process by TGF‐β1 paracrine. It was subsequently revealed that TGF‐β1 upregulated DNMT3A in ESCs in a SMAD3‐dependent manner. As expected, DNMT3A knockdown abolished ecto‐MSCs' facilitation on ESCs migration, invasion, and fibrosis process. DNMT3A, as a methyltransferase, reduced RASAL1 expression in TGF‐β1‐treated ESCs by increasing RASAL1 promoter methylation level. RASAL1, as an antifibrotic protein, was lowly expressed in TGF‐β1‐treated ESCs, and its overexpression ameliorated TGF‐β1‐induced increase in ESCs migration, invasion, and fibrosis process.ConclusionTGF‐β1 secreted by ecto‐MSCs facilitated fibrogenesis in EMs through SMAD3/DNMT3A‐mediated RASAL1 inhibition.
Well‐Being of Children and Families in COVID‐19 Hotspots in Chicago
Authors: Kan Kristin , Enaholo Ososese , Kanaley Madeleine , Holtzman Gwen , Ibrahim Khalid , Morales Lu , Lombard Lisa , Gupta Ruchi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundFamilies in high‐risk communities for COVID‐19 transmission experienced a disproportionate burden during the pandemic. This study assessed these families' needs, changes in children's well‐being, and perceptions related to the pandemic.MethodsFour online surveys were administered January 2021 to September 2021 to parents of students, enrolled in parochial, kindergarten‐eighth grade schools in Chicago neighborhoods with higher COVID‐19 incidence rates by ZIP code, compared to the city average, and higher resource need.ResultsThe response rate was 69.1% (n = 186 of 269) in the baseline survey; and other surveys were at 1 (n = 151), 3 (n = 145), and 5 months (n = 154). Of the sample, 83% of parents identified as Hispanic/Latinx with a mean age of 38.3 years (SD: 8.5). Approximately a quarter of parents reported difficulty paying cable and internet bills (26%) and paying utilities (25%). Parents reported children as happy (94% and 95%, p = .59) and hopeful (96% and 95%, p = .74) at 1‐month (February to May 2021) and 5‐month surveys (June to September 2021). Parents also reported fewer children were irritable (29% vs 19%, p = .03), felt lonely (17% vs 10%, p = .03), and felt isolated (28% vs 9%, p < .001) between those survey waves. The majority (67%) of parents felt that their child had no difficulty wearing a mask in public.ConclusionsIn this longitudinal study, Chicago parents rated children's well‐being highly and reported a decrease in negative emotions over time. The areas of need identified may be particularly relevant for outreach and providing resources to Hispanic/Latino families in future emergencies or global health threats.
When necessity is the mother of disruption: Users versus producers as sources of disruptive innovation
Authors: Preißner Stephanie , Raasch Christina , Schweisfurth Tim 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the sources of disruptive innovation. The disruptive innovation literature suggests that these do not originate from existing customers, in contrast to what is predicted by the user innovation literature. We compile a unique content‐analytical dataset based on 60 innovations identified as disruptive by the disruptive innovation literature. Using multinomial and binomial regression, we find that 43% of the sample disruptive innovations were originally developed by users. Disruptive innovations are more likely to originate from users (producers) if the environment has high turbulence in customer preferences (technology). Disruptive innovations that involve high functional (technological) novelty tend to be developed by users (producers). Users are also more likely to be the source of disruptive process innovations and to innovate in environments with weaker appropriability. Our article forges new links between the disruptive and the user innovation literatures, and offers guidance to managers on the likely source of disruptive threats.
Sex‐related difference analyses of efficacy and safety in clinical trials of direct‐acting antivirals to treat chronic HCV genotype 1 and 3 infections
Authors: Zhou Shuang , Qi Karen , Bersoff‐Matcha Susan J. , Mishra Poonam , Struble Kimberly 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study aims to identify clinically meaningful sex differences in efficacy and selected safety adverse events for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) or HIV/HCV co‐infection in those receiving combination direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) regimens. Our assessment was based on adult trial participants treated at the approved DAA dosage and treatment duration from 40 phase 3 clinical trials submitted to the FDA. Female enrollment ranged from 11% to 54% (overall mean 38%). Females with HCV genotype (GT) 1 or 3 infection had statistically significant higher unadjusted or covariant‐adjusted odds of achieving sustained virologic response at post‐treatment Week 12 (SVR12) compared with males. Odds ratios favouring females were observed among Whites and those ≥40 years of age with HCV GT1 or 3 infections, and among those ≥50 years of age, non‐cirrhotic and those with HCV GT3 infection who were treatment‐experienced. These differences were not clinically relevant due to the high SVR12 rate achieved by females and males, overall or in subgroups. No differences were observed in SVR12 rates between HCV GT1 mono‐infected and HCV GT1/ HIV‐1 co‐infected participants. Numerically, more females reported headache, fatigue and nausea compared to males, but the differences were small and predominately Grade 1 or 2 severity. Discontinuation rates for any reason or due to an adverse event were low and similar between the sexes. Our study demonstrated females successfully complete DAA regimens and achieve high SVR12 rates despite numerically higher adverse events for certain commonly reported events.
GANs training: A game and stochastic control approach
Authors: Guo Xin , Mounjid Othmane 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTraining generative adversarial networks (GANs) are known to be difficult, especially for financial time series. This paper first analyzes the well‐posedness problem in GANs minimax games and the widely recognized convexity issue in GANs objective functions. It then proposes a stochastic control framework for hyper‐parameters tuning in GANs training. The weak form of dynamic programming principle and the uniqueness and the existence of the value function in the viscosity sense for the corresponding minimax game are established. In particular, explicit forms for the optimal adaptive learning rate and batch size are derived and are shown to depend on the convexity of the objective function, revealing a relation between improper choices of learning rate and explosion in GANs training. Finally, empirical studies demonstrate that training algorithms incorporating this adaptive control approach outperform the standard ADAM method in terms of convergence and robustness. From GANs training perspective, the analysis in this paper provides analytical support for the popular practice of “clipping,” and suggests that the convexity and well‐posedness issues in GANs may be tackled through appropriate choices of hyper‐parameters.
PROVENANCE STUDIES IN ARCHAEOLOGY – MORE REFLECTIVE OF ‘QUALITY CONTROL’ WITHIN A RESOURCESCAPE THAN GEOCHEMISTRY?
Authors: Pollard A.M. , Liu R. 
Published: December 2023

SummaryDespite the obvious methodological similarities between archaeology and geology, we argue here that the fundamental assumption in scientific provenance studies of inorganic artefacts provides an insufficient basis for the methodology. That assumption is that there is a geochemical link between the source of the raw material and the finished object. Although this is undoubtedly necessary, it is not sufficient. We argue that, particularly for highly processed materials such as metal, glass, or ceramics, an equally (if not more) important factor is the sequence of human activities which are applied to the raw material during processing to become an object. In fact, we suggest that the main requirement for successful provenance work is the existence of sustained and repeatable quality assurance processes during production, carried out within a defined resourcescape. Ironically, this makes provenance studies more relevant to archaeology than does the simple search for sources.
Intercalary Prosthetic Reconstruction with Three‐Dimensional‐Printed Custom‐Made Porous Component for Defects of Long Bones with Short Residual Bone Segments After Tumor Resection
Authors: Li Zhuangzhuang , Lu Minxun , Zhang Yuqi , Wang Jie , Wang Yitian , Gong Taojun , He Xuanhong , Luo Yi , Zhou Yong , Min Li , Tu Chongqi 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundIntercalary reconstruction for patients with short residual bone segments remains challenging. Three‐dimensional (3D)‐printed custom‐made porous implants are a promising technique for short‐segment fixation in these patients. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of 3D‐printed custom‐made porous components (3DCPCs) for short‐segment fixation, focusing on prosthesis survivorship, radiographic results, and potential complications.MethodsThis retrospective study involved 39 patients who underwent intercalary prosthetic reconstruction with 3DCPCs after tumor resection of the femur, tibia, or humerus from June 2015 to October 2020. Segment bone loss involved the femur (n = 15), tibia (n = 16), and humerus (n = 8), leaving 78 residual bone segments. There were 46 short segments requiring 46 3DCPCs and 32 segments with the ability to accommodate 32 off‐the‐shelf standard uncemented stems for prosthesis fixation. Clinical and functional outcomes were evaluated. Prosthesis‐overall survivorship and prosthesis‐specific survivorship were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Radiographic results and modes of failure of using this technique were also examined.ResultsThe mean follow‐up was 41 months. The prosthesis‐overall survivorship was 87.2% and 84.6% at 2 and 5 years, respectively. The prosthesis‐specific survivorship was 92.1% and 89.5% at 2 and 5 years, respectively. There was not a substantial difference in prosthesis survivorship among the femur, tibia, and humerus. The average MSTS score was 26.2, ranging from 22 to 28. The radiographic evaluation results revealed excellent or good interface (38/46) in most of the 46 porous components. A total of 38 of 46 bone segments’ remolding demonstrated no change. In total, seven patients (16.3%) had complications requiring further surgery.ConclusionThe prosthesis survivorship of using 3DCPCs for short‐segment fixation is similar or better compared to other studies involving intercalary prosthetic reconstruction with short‐segment fixation. Radiographic evaluation revealed good osteointegration and avoidance of stress shielding. Overall, intercalary prosthetic reconstruction with 3DCPC is a feasible modality for patients with short residual bone segments after tumor resection.
Characteristic analysis of China's actions against the COVID‐19 in schools and comparison with other countries
Authors: Li Na , Yu Xiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe outbreak of the COVID‐19 poses a great threat to students globally. China has taken steps to keep students from becoming infected for more than 30 months, while other countries have also taken steps. Comparing the intentions, implementation, immediate and long‐term effects of these initiatives can shed more light on the care of adolescents in schools.ObjectiveThe focus of the study is to describe the full range of school prevention measures in China, identifying when they work and when they do not. At the same time, some typical measures taken in other countries’ schools are presented and compared to provide a comprehensive discussion.MethodsThis study attempted to combine data comparison, information analysis, policy interpretation, and participatory observation to form a comprehensive analytical network.ResultsChina's schools have gone through of lucky periods, safety periods, difficult periods, and crisis periods. These efforts are due to the government's intense control measures, strict accountability of school administrators, frequent nucleic acid testing, widespread vaccination, and widely implemented online learning. In comparison, the measures taken by China are difficult to implement, and the price paid by the government, schools and students needs to be further assessed and reflected upon.ConclusionsThe virus is able to destroy the school's defence with ease. There should be a consensus among countries for a permanent virus control strategy, but the severity of the various measures needs to be appropriately determined, strict control measures can also have negative effects.