bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strontium–Alix interaction enhances exosomal miRNA selectively loading in synovial MSCs for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis treatment
Authors: Yuan Wenxiu , Liu Jiaqi , Zhang Zhenzhen , Ye Chengxinyue , Zhou Xueman , Yi Yating , Wu Yange , Li Yijun , Zhang Qinlanhui , Xiong Xin , Xiao Hengyi , Liu Jin , Wang Jun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The ambiguity of etiology makes temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) “difficult-to-treat”. Emerging evidence underscores the therapeutic promise of exosomes in osteoarthritis management. Nonetheless, challenges such as low yields and insignificant efficacy of current exosome therapies necessitate significant advances. Addressing lower strontium (Sr) levels in arthritic synovial microenvironment, we studied the effect of Sr element on exosomes and miRNA selectively loading in synovial mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs). Here, we developed an optimized system that boosts the yield of SMSC-derived exosomes (SMSC-EXOs) and improves their miRNA profiles with an elevated proportion of beneficial miRNAs, while reducing harmful ones by pretreating SMSCs with Sr. Compared to untreated SMSC-EXOs, Sr-pretreated SMSC-derived exosomes (Sr-SMSC-EXOs) demonstrated superior therapeutic efficacy by mitigating chondrocyte ferroptosis and reducing osteoclast-mediated joint pain in TMJOA. Our results illustrate Alix’s crucial role in Sr-triggered miRNA loading, identifying miR-143-3p as a key anti-TMJOA exosomal component. Interestingly, this system is specifically oriented towards synovium-derived stem cells. The insight into trace element-driven, site-specific miRNA selectively loading in SMSC-EXOs proposes a promising therapeutic enhancement strategy for TMJOA.
NSm is a critical determinant for bunyavirus transmission between vertebrate and mosquito hosts
Authors: Terhzaz Selim , Kerrigan David , Almire Floriane , Szemiel Agnieszka M. , Hughes Joseph , Parvy Jean-Philippe , Palmarini Massimo , Kohl Alain , Shi Xiaohong , Pondeville Emilie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Bunyavirales is a very large order including viruses infecting a variety of taxonomic groups such as arthropods, vertebrates, plants, and protozoa. Some bunyaviruses are transmitted between vertebrate hosts by blood-sucking arthropods and cause major diseases in humans and animals. It is not understood why only some bunyaviruses have evolved the capacity to be transmitted by arthropod vectors. Here we show that only vector-borne bunyaviruses express a non-structural protein, NSm, whose function has so far remained largely elusive. Using as experimental system Bunyamwera virus (BUNV) and its invertebrate host, Aedes aegypti, we show that NSm is dispensable for viral replication in mosquito cells in vitro but is absolutely required for successful infection in the female mosquito following a blood meal. More specifically, NSm is required for cell-to-cell spread and egress from the mosquito midgut, a known barrier to viral infection. Notably, the requirement for NSm is specific to the midgut; bypassing this barrier by experimental intrathoracic infection of the mosquito eliminates the necessity of NSm for virus spread in other tissues, including the salivary glands. Overall, we unveiled a key evolutionary process that allows the transmission of vector-borne bunyaviruses between arthropod and vertebrate hosts.
Monitoring benthic plumes, sediment redeposition and seafloor imprints caused by deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining
Authors: Gazis Iason-Zois , de Stigter Henko , Mohrmann Jochen , Heger Karl , Diaz Melanie , Gillard Benjamin , Baeye Matthias , Veloso-Alarcón Mario E. , Purkiani Kaveh , Haeckel Matthias , Vink Annemiek , Thomsen Laurenz , Greinert Jens 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A deep-sea (4500 m) trial of a pre-prototype polymetallic nodule collector with independent scientific monitoring revealed that a gravity current formed behind the collector channeled through steeper seafloor sections and traveled 500 m downslope. The prevailing bottom currents dominated sediment dispersion up to the end of the monitoring area at 4.5 km distance. The maximum suspended particle concentration recorded 50 m from mining lanes was up to four orders of magnitude higher than ambient values but decreased rapidly with increasing time, distance, and altitude. Most of the plume remained close to the seafloor, with the highest concentrations at 1 m monitoring altitude and reaching background concentrations at 50 m. Rapid particle flocculation was followed by fast and substantial sediment redeposition. A mm-scale photogrammetric seafloor reconstruction allowed quantitative estimates of the thickness of redeposited sediment next to mining lanes of ≈ 3 cm and a minimum erosional depth of 5 cm.
Glucomannan engineering highlights roles of galactosyl modification in fine-tuning cellulose-glucomannan interaction in Arabidopsis cell walls
Authors: Yoshimi Yoshihisa , Yu Li , Cresswell Rosalie , Guo Xinyu , Echevarría-Poza Alberto , Lyczakowski Jan J. , Dupree Ray , Kotake Toshihisa , Dupree Paul 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Widely found in most plant lineages, β-mannans are structurally diverse polysaccharides that can bind to cellulose fibrils to form the complex polysaccharide architecture of the cell wall. How changes in polysaccharide structure influence its cell wall solubility or promote appropriate interaction with cellulose fibrils is poorly understood. Glucomannan backbones acquire variable patterns of galactosyl substitutions, depending on plant developmental stage and species. Here, we show that fine-tuning of galactosyl modification on glucomannans is achieved by the differing acceptor recognition of mannan α-galactosyltransferases (MAGTs). Biochemical analysis and 13C solid-state　nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of Arabidopsis with cell wall glucomannan engineered by MAGTs reveal that the degree of galactosylation strongly affects the interaction with cellulose. The findings indicate that plants tailor galactosyl modification on glucomannans for constructing an appropriate cell wall architecture, paving the way to convert properties of lignocellulosic biomass for better use.
Safety and efficacy of oral administrated cepharanthine in non-hospitalized, asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 patients: a Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Wei Jianyi , Liu Shupeng , Bian Yuexiang , Li Lei , Qian Biyun , Shen Zixuan , Zhang Yan , Abuduaini Adila , Dong Fuchen , Zhang Xin , Li Jinhui , Yu Yongpei , Zhang Weituo , Wang Jun , Zhai Wei , Song Qixiang , Zheng Yu , Pan Weihua , Yu Lanlan , Zhan Qimin , Zhang Ning , Zheng Junhua , Pan Shuming , Yao Chen , Li Hai 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cepharanthine (CEP) is a natural remedy that potently inhibits SARS-CoV-2 activity both in vitro and in vivo. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of CEP compared with placebo in adults with asymptomatic or mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we conducted a proof-of-concept, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Patients were randomized to receive 120 mg/day of CEP, 60 mg/day CEP or placebo for 5 days. Main outcome was the time from randomization to negative nasopharyngeal swab and safety. Among 262 randomized participants, 188 completed the trial among group of 120 mg/day CEP (n = 65), 60 mg/day CEP (n = 68) and placebo (n = 55). Neither 120 mg/day or 60 mg/day CEP shortened the time to negative significantly compared with placebo. However, 60 mg/day CEP showed a slight trend (difference=-0.77 days, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.40, 95% CI 0.97–2.01, p = 0.072). In analysis of participants with good medication compliance, 60 mg/day CEP significantly shortened the time to negative (difference=-0.87 days, HR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.03–2.37, p = 0.035). Adverse events were not different among the three groups, and no serious adverse events occurred. In conclusion, treatment of asymptomatic or mild Covid-19 with 120 mg/day or 60 mg/day did not shorten the time to negative significantly. However, 60 mg/day CEP showed a slight trend which needs future confirmatory trials to validate. (NCT05398705).
Dissecting the sterility phenotype in gene edited Drosophila suzukii pgSIT males
Authors: Witherbee Avery D. , Gamez Stephanie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Drosophila suzukii is an invasive pest that affects many fresh, soft-skinned fruits such as strawberries and blueberries. To combat this pest, growers use various methods including insecticide sprays, biological control, and sanitation practices. However, these methods are becoming increasingly ineffective against D. suzukii due to increased resistance against insecticides and increasing labor costs. Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) has been used successfully to control many agricultural pests, but the use of irradiation, sex sorting, and the requirement to scale these insects make it costly to implement. pgSIT (precision guided Sterile Insect Technique) is a novel and efficient way to generate sterile males through genetic engineering and overcomes the drawbacks of traditional SIT. pgSIT has been implemented in multiple Dipteran insects, including D. suzukii, and has been shown to suppress wild insect populations. To further characterize sterile pgSIT males, we evaluated their fertility capacity, lack of mature sperm, and ability to induce a mating refractory period in D. suzukii wildtype females. In this study, we found that pgSIT sterile males do not produce mature sperm and can induce a refractory mating period in wildtype females. Furthermore, sperm DNA is not detected in the reproductive tracts of pgSIT-mated female reproductive tracts. These findings further support the penetrance of the pgSIT technology in D. suzukii and provide further supporting data to governing regulatory bodies in their evaluation of this technology.
Pathohistological Changes in the Lungs of Very Preterm Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Depending on the Clinical Features
Authors: Menshykova Anna O. , Dobryanskyy Dmytro O. 
Published: January 2025

Objective Establishing clinical factors associated with histological changes in the lungs of very preterm infants with evolving or established bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is essential for the development of more effective preventive interventions.
Study Design Thirty-two infants with a gestational age (GA) of <32 weeks who died of BPD or had BPD but died due to other causes were included in the study. The associations of clinical data with histopathological changes in the lungs were assessed.
Results The mean (standard deviation) GA of infants was 26.7 (1.9) weeks, and the mean birth weight was 919.7 (242.9) g. We revealed significant associations of maternal smoking with vascular hypertension lesions (r
s = 0.5, p < 0.05) in infants' lungs. Intrauterine growth retardation increased the risk of extensive fibroproliferation (r
s = 0.4, p < 0.05). In infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) requiring treatment, muscle hyperplasia (r
s = 0.5, p < 0.05) was detected more often. The longer duration of mechanical ventilation (MV) correlated with diffuse interstitial fibroproliferation (r
s = 0.5, p < 0.05), airway epithelial lesions (r
s = 0.3, p < 0.05), and airway muscle hyperplasia (r
s = 0.4, p < 0.05). In infants who needed the longer MV and/or oxygen supplementation, an increased incidence of extensive fibroproliferation was found (r
s = 0.4 and r
s = 0.4 respectively, p < 0.05). Antenatal steroids decreased the incidence of diffuse interstitial fibrosis (r
s = − 0.4, p < 0.05).
Conclusion In very preterm infants with a GA of less than 32 weeks, lack of antenatal steroid prophylaxis, intrauterine growth restriction, presence of hemodynamically significant PDA, and prolonged MV or oxygen supplementation are associated with the pathomorphological lung changes that are more typical for “old” BPD. Traditional preventive measures against BPD remain essential in a modern population of very preterm infants.
Key Points
Nonsurgical Elementary Rhinoplasty: A Volumetric Standardized Hyaluronic Acid Filling Technique in Five Steps
Authors: Oliveira Luddi L. , Braz André , Palermo Eliandre , Issa Maria C.A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHyaluronic acid filling to correct the nose contour has gained popularity in recent years. Although many techniques are described about the amount of the product and steps to follow to obtain, practitioners still need clarification about the amount of product and steps to follow obtain natural and safe results. We aim to demonstrate a new technique with a systematic sequence that considers the anatomy and individual characteristics. The nonsurgical elementary rhinoplasty (NOSER) technique is performed in five steps using cannulas, a high G prime hyaluronic acid, and two injection entry points. The areas to be treated and the specific quantity of filler to be used are based on the assessment. Steps 1 to 3 are for the tip's projection, support and lift, and step 4 is for filling the radix area and straightening the dorsum. Step 5 is used for refinement and softening of the supratip. All five steps are done in small aliquots in the central area, at the deep plane. Through the procedure, it is possible to achieve an aesthetic improvement in the nose by widening the labial columellar angle, exposing the columella, projecting the tip, and aligning the dorsum (disguising the hump), even without performing all five steps. This technique could be a good and highly reproducible alternative for upgrading the nose contour.
Australians’ perceptions of species diversity of, and threats to, the Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Taylor Jarrah , Litchfield Carla , Le Busque Brianna 
Published: January 2025

Context The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is under threat from multiple anthropogenic activities such as tourism and climate change. Understanding participants’ knowledge about the GBR can encourage conservation of the GBR. Aim This study investigated what participants, whom were all Australian, know about the GBR, the species that reside there and the threats to the GBR ecosystem. Methods Participants (n = 113), recruited by social media, completed a short online survey that included four open-ended items exploring various aspects of GBR knowledge. Key results Results indicated that participants identified a range of threats to GBR, that fell into broad categories of environmental and social impacts. Results also showed that the most common broad taxa identified were fish, coral and reptiles, and that clown fish were the most common specific GBR species identified. Conclusions In conclusion, this study has provided evidence of limited knowledge of species that live in the GBR, and basic broad knowledge of threats to the GBR. Implications This study has contributed new insights regarding knowledge of GBR and recognition of animals that live in the GBR to show where public awareness campaigns should be focused and highlighted avenues for future research.
Blue Ocean Strategy to Develop a Competitive Advantage in the Guesthouse Sector in the Maldives
Authors: Shaheer Ismail 
Published: January 2025

Summary
The introduction of guesthouses in the Maldives, deviating from the traditional one-island-one-resort model, carved out a new segment in the market. This shift opened up significant business opportunities for locals, as starting a guesthouse required far less capital than developing a hotel or resort. Consequently, the guesthouse sector expanded rapidly, driven by the increased demand from budget-conscious tourists who previously could not afford holidays in the Maldives. However, as this sector flourished, it faced fierce internal competition, with minimal differentiation among offerings. This context sets the stage for examining how Luau Beach Inn created a distinct competitive approach in the rapidly expanding guesthouse market of the Maldives islands using the Blue Ocean Strategy.

Information
© The Author 2025
Binding energy and optical properties of core/shell ellipsoidal quantum dots under electric field
Authors: Han Li-Zhi , Shi Lei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We have studied the binding energy and optical properties of a donor impurity, including optical absorption coefficients (ACs), refractive index changes (RICs), and photoionization cross section (PCS) in a triaxial core/shell ellipsoidal quantum dot (QD) under an electric field. The results show that, the influence of the QD shape on the binding energy is dependent on the impurity position, the shape anisotropy can decrease or increases the binding energy. The influence of electric field on the binding energy is dependent on its direction due to the shape anisotropy. The influence of QD shape on the ACs and RICs is strongly dependent on the impurity position and becomes largest for on-center impurity. By contrast, the influence of QD shape on the peak position of PCS becomes largest when the impurity is located at the boundary of the QD, while its influence on the peak intensity is more complex. In addition, due to the shape anisotropy, the effect of electric field on the optical properties of QD is dependent on its direction.
Preface
Authors: Ning Dezhi 
Published: January 2025

The 4th International Conference on Energy Material and Energy Technology (EMET 2024) was successfully held in Haikou, China during November 18-20, 2024.
The conference focused on cutting-edge research and achievements on materials and technologies used in all forms of energy harvesting, conversion and storage. The conference adopted a mixed mode of online and offline, with excellent academic presentations and exchanges, including keynote presentations, invited presentations, oral presentations, and poster presentations, with participants from universities, research institutes, and enterprises in different countries and regions.
The EMET organizing committee extend their sincerest gratitude to all who have supported the conference in their ways, to the authors who have chosen this platform to publish their works and communicate with peers, to the participants who took an interest and attended the conference in person and/or online, to the chairs and committee members who have been indispensable in lending their professional expertise and judgment, to the speakers who generously shared their vision and passion, and to the reviewers who held up the faith of being a scholar and contributed their experience and honest opinions. It has been a pleasure and honor working alongside them, and we look forward to further cooperation with them at future EMET conferences to come.
List of EMET 2024 Committee is available in this pdf.
Enhancing in-situ air injection conversion: catalytic roles of metal oxides in kerogen-rich shale oxidation
Authors: Pu Wanfen , Li Tao , Jin Xing , Liu Renbao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In-situ air injection conversion technology represents one of the pivotal methods for developing kerogen-rich shale, wherein catalysts play a crucial role in enhancing the oxidation reaction rate and boosting the development efficiency. This paper systematically investigates the catalytic effects of several metal oxide catalysts (NiO, CoO, Fe2O3, CuO, and MoO3) in the oxidation reactions of kerogen-rich shale through rising temperature oxidation (RTO) experiment, along with the application of the Ozawa-Flynn-Wall (OFW) and Friedman conversion rate model methods. The study aims to provide a reference for the development of oxidation catalysts for kerogen-rich shale. The results indicate that during the rising temperature oxidation process, the shale undergoes three primary reaction stages: Low-temperature oxidation (LTO), Fuel deposition (FD), and High-temperature oxidation (HTO). The addition of NiO effectively reduces the activation energies of the LTO, FD, and HTO stages in shale to 83, 179, and 233 kJ/mol respectively, demonstrating a pronounced catalytic effect. In contrast, CoO and MoO3 decrease the activation energies to 149/170 kJ/mol and 171/229 kJ/mol respectively during the LTO/FD stages. However, introducing Fe2O3 and CuO catalysts significantly increases the oxidation activation energies across all stages, indicating that these two transition metal oxides exert an inhibitory effect on the shale oxidation process. This study preliminarily reveals the catalytic effects of various transition metal catalysts on the oxidation reactions of kerogen-rich shale, offering valuable insights and references for the development of oxidation catalysts for such reservoirs.
Experimental investigation on the flow field characteristics of viscoelastic fluid around a cylinder
Authors: Chen Yu , Fu Zaiguo , Xue Meng , Weng Peifen , Liu Jiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Viscoelastic fluids, as an important class of non-Newtonian fluids, have been widely utilized across diverse industries, including chemical engineering, petroleum, and biomedicine. To investigate the flow characteristics of viscoelastic fluids around a cylinder, this study conducted viscoelastic tests on polyacrylamide (PAM) solutions of different concentrations and performed experiments using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) at a moderate Reynolds number. Furthermore, the experimental data were statistically analyzed using a self-programmed algorithm, and the corresponding flow field characteristics were extracted. The results indicate that as the increase in Weissenberg number (Wi), the time-averaged flow velocity decreases, and the viscoelastic fluid effectively suppresses vortex shedding in the cylinder wake. The time-averaged spanwise vorticity decreases, and the vortex influence range narrows by 60%. These findings demonstrate that the enhancement of viscoelasticity can significantly enhance flow field stability during the flow around a cylinder.
Numerical analysis of inflow equivalence ratio on jet-induced oblique detonation waves
Authors: Zhang Chenfei , Zhang Guoqing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As a hot topic in the research of hypersonic engines, oblique detonation engines have attracted the focus of researchers around the world in recent years. In an attempt to eliminate the possible reflux region structure commonly observed near the corner of the upper boundary of the oblique detonation combustion chamber in practical applications, as well as to effectively regulate both the initiation and surface positions of the oblique detonation wave (ODW), this research employs a scheme characterized by setting jet nozzles on the wedge surface. In the meantime, by solving the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations containing the source terms of chemical reaction, this research further investigates the foregoing phenomena. Relevant research findings reveal that introducing a jet with sufficient total pressure onto the wedge surface is beneficial to realize the early ODW initiation and furnish effective control over its initiation position. While significantly reducing the area of the reflux region, the proposed method is capable of avoiding the formation of a Mach reflection structure by varying the position and total pressure of the jet. Furthermore, with the help of this method, the existence of viscosity will advance the jet-controlled ODW’s initiation position. Moreover, the proposed method characterized by the jet-controlled ODW is suitable for diverse incoming flow equivalence ratios (ERs).