bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Approach for Tracheal Resection in Morquio A Syndrome with End-stage Critical Airway Obstruction: A UK Case Series
Authors: Kenth Johnny , Maughan Elizabeth , Butler Colin , Gabrie Jasleen , Rouhani Maral , Silver Benjamin , Ogunbiy Olumide , Wilkinson Stuart , Nandi Reema , Walker Rober , Muthialu Nagarajan , Jones Simon , Hewitt Richard , Bruce Iain 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type IVA is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by aberrations of the N-acetyl-galactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS) enzyme. MPS IVA is associated with a wide gamut of respiratory and airway disorders that manifest in a continuum of severity. In individuals exhibiting severe phenotypic expression, terminal stages of the disease frequently culminate in life-threatening, critical airway obstruction. These manifestations of end-stage disease are engendered by an insidious progression of multi-level airway pathologies, comprising of tracheomalacia, stenosis, tortuosity and 'buckling'. Historically, the management of end-stage airway disease has predominantly leaned towards palliative modalities. However, contemporary literature has posited that the potential benefits of tracheal resection with aortopexy, performed under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), may offer a promising therapeutic option. In this context, we report on outcomes from patients undergoing a novel approach to tracheal resection that is combined with manubrial resection, leading to improved airway calibre, obviating the requisition for CPB. Results In this study, seven patients with severe MPS IVA exhibited clinical symptoms and radiological evidence indicative of advanced airway obstruction. All patients had a tracheal resection with a partial upper manubriectomy via transcervical approach, which did not require CPB. The median age was 16 years (range 11–19 years). Postoperatively, significant improvements were seen in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), with a mean increase of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.45–0.91; SD: 0.20). Notably, other spirometry variables also showed meaningful improvements, providing evidence of positive treatment effects. Furthermore, there were no major long-term complications, and the procedure resulted in a significant enhancement in patient-reported domains using PedsQL (version 4.0). Conclusions This study represents the largest case series to date, on tracheal resection in patients with severe MPS IVA. Our findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the transcervical approach with partial manubriectomy for improving respiratory function and quality of life for individuals with advanced airway obstruction. Tracheal resection presents a promising treatment modality for severe cases of MPS IVA. Successful outcomes rely on meticulous multidisciplinary assessment, judicious decision-making, and appropriate timing of tracheal surgery. Further research and long-term follow-up studies are warranted to validate the long-term efficacy and safety of this approach.
Numerical analysis of the interaction between composite-pile and slope and parameters optimization
Authors: Yu Jun , Yao Yilin , Cai Yifeng , Wang Kezhong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Anti-slide pile is a retaining structure to improve a slope stability, with the advantages of clear force transfer system, simple construction and easy design. In order to maximize pile potential and slope self-bearing capacity, the FLAC3D software and site monitoring were conducted to analyze the interaction between composite-pile and the hydropower slope in Sichuan province. The results show that compared to the ordinary rigid anti‐slide pile, the composite rigid‐flexible anti‐slide pile is more effective in reducing the bending moment, shear force and lateral earth pressure of the pile with partly increasing horizontal displacement of the slope and the pile segment above the slip surface, each taking up 10%, 20%, 13%. The increase of the thickness of flexible material decreases the internal force of the pile finitely and cushion thickness with 40 cm and space of piles with 3m are optimal . The elasticity modulus of flexible material reduces its internal force of pile less than that of the rigid pile.
Application of Information-Motivation-Behavioral model–based Continuity of Care on the Peri-implantitis recovery in Diabetic Implant Overdenture Patients: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Lin Yuliu , Bai Jingyao , Chen Chunchun , Zhou Yi , Guan Xiaoxu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Aims
To observe the effect of information-motivation-behavioral skill (IMB) model–based continuity of care for diabetic implant overdenture (IOD) patients with peri-implantitis.
Design
: A randomised controlled trial.
Methods
We recruited 32 diabetic IOD patients with a total of 110 problematic implants who had completed the treatment for peri-implantitis between January 2021 and March 2023 as research subjects. The patients were randomly assigned to the control group or the experimental group using the random number table. The control group received routine postoperative medical advice, whereas the experimental group was given an IMB model–based continuity of care.
Results
Thirty-one patients having a total of 106 implants with peri-implantitis completed the study. The Spearman correlation coefficients indicated that the plaque index (rs = 0.2475, p < 0.01), follow-up compliance (rs=-0.2326, p < 0.01), oral cleanliness compliance (rs=-0.1867, p < 0.05) and blood glucose control compliance (rs=-0.1749, p < 0.05) correlated weakly with peri-implant bone resorption at 12 months. Patient satisfaction in the experimental group was greater than that in the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the peri-implant bone resorption was lesser in the experimental group than in the control group, both at 6 and 12 months after treatment (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
With the IMB model–based continuity of care constructed, a remote management system for diabetic IOD patients could be used to enhance the patients’ understanding of peri-implantitis and diabetes, improve their medical and daily life behaviors, thereby promoting recovery.
Prevalence and factors associated with suboptimal adherence to dolutegravir-based regimens among people living with HIV in a specialized clinic in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Namakula Edith , Mugerwa Henry , Kitutu Freddy , Kawuma Aida N , Kiguba Ronald , Kalyango Joan N 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Suboptimal adherence to dolutegravir is up to 31% globally. In Uganda, 54% of people living with HIV(PLHIV) on first-line Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) were taking dolutegravir-based regimens. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with suboptimal adherence to dolutegravir-based regimens in PLHIV in a specialized clinic in Uganda.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study with both quantitative and qualitative aspects in a specialized HIV clinic in Kampala, Uganda, from July 2022 to August 2022. We collected quantitative data, using questionnaires, and data abstraction tools; from 366, consecutively sampled, and consented PLHIV. We collected qualitative data using in-depth interviews, among 13 purposively sampled, consented participants. We analyzed quantitative data using modified Poisson regression in STATA, to obtain factors associated with suboptimal adherence at the 5% level of significance. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis in Open Code.
Results
The prevalence of suboptimal adherence to dolutegravir-based regimens was 49% (179/366; 95%Confidence Interval (CI): 44–54). Alcohol consumption (adjusted Prevalence Ratio (aPR): 1.25; 95%CI: 1.012–1.543), being unemployed (aPR: 1.27; 95%CI: 1.002–1.609), not having neighbor’s support (aPR: 0.78; 95%CI: 0.619–0.993), and participants who preferred to talk to the doctor in case of a health problem (aPR: 0.44; 95%CI: 0.307–1.270) were associated with suboptimal adherence, to dolutegravir-based ART regimens. Barriers to dolutegravir adherence included: unemployment, lack of social support, alcohol consumption, and inadequate counselling.
Conclusion
Suboptimal adherence to dolutegravir-based ART was high. PLHIV should start-up projects that are economically viable. Dolutegravir-related virological failure in PLHIV should be investigated.
Economic Design of Water Distribution Networks
Authors: Shrief ayatallah , Hisham AlaaEldin AlaaEldin , Razik Mohamed Hassan Abdel , Hussien Hossam Mostafa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Water Distribution Networks represent a major economic investment of the total cost of water supply systems. Pipe cost optimization is usually considered as a prime objective. However, minimizing the capital cost of the pipeline alone may result in increasing the cost of pumping, so the balance between pipe cost and pumping cost is a vital issue. In this study, an empirical model is formulated to select the economic pipe diameter based on capital and operation costs. A new Diameter Optimization Ratio DOR is developed to evaluate the economic optimality, which equals to 1.0 at optimal design, when rate of increase/decrease of pipe cost equals rate of decrease/increase of pumping cost. A new mathematical models are developed to calculate optimum diameter, velocity, hydraulic gradient slope for a given flow rate under given cost data assumptions. Optimum diameter does not depend on pipe length. After applying the mathematical model on this case study, the economic optimality indicator can be raised from 57.2–90.6%, and the total cost decreased by 38.8% by selecting optimum pipe diameter. After applying the mathematical model on this case study, the economic optimality indicator can be raised from 57.2–93.6%, and the total cost decreased by 36.4% by selecting optimum pipe diameter. A new Cost Optimality Factor R for each pipe and for the whole network can be defined. A case study is considered to illustrate the application of proposed methodology.
Influence of the technique used to crush a bone block graft on the physicochemical properties of particulate bone: an in vitro study using a bovine rib model
Authors: Camacho-Alonso Fabio , Mercado-Díaz Ana María , Martínez-Jiménez Natalia , Guerrero-Sánchez Yolanda , Vilaplana-Vivo Carlos , Fernández-Ruiz Alberto 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the influence of the technique used to crush a bone block on the physical and chemical properties.
Materials and methods: 120 bone blocks were obtained from 30 bovine ribs. Block 1 was used exclusively to analyse bone mineral composition (BMC) (% Ca and P); while blocks 2, 3 and 4 were used to determine volume (V), bone mineral density (BMD), fractal dimension (FD), particle size and BMC, after grinding (block 2), crushing (block 3), and scraping (block 4) the bone. The change in physical properties after crushing the blocks was studied by radiological analysis using microcomputed tomography, while changes in chemical properties were analysed using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and a microanalytical system based on energy-dispersive and X-ray spectrometry. Bone particle size was calculated from the FESEM images using an image analysis software.
Results: The order of greatest to least increase in V was: scraper>mill>crusher; the order from the least to the greatest decrease in BMD, FD, Ca and P was: scraper<mill<crusher; and the order from the greatest to the smallest particle size was: scraper>mill>crusher.
Conclusions: Crushing a bone block with a mill, crusher or scraper produces a much greater increase in V and decrease in BMD, FD, and of Ca and P levels which is more marked with a crusher.
Clinical relevance: The use of a scraper or mill to crush bone affects the physical and chemical properties of bone less than when a crusher is used, although further clinical studies are necessary.
Identify and validate GPC4 and VCAN as hub genes in primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasiaby WGCNA and DEG
Authors: Xu Yin Fei , Li Dan , Yan Hui , Dai Li Ming , Kong Yue , Cao Cai Xia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH) is a rare disease that is characterised by multiple large benign nodules in the bilateral adrenal cortex, excessive secretion of cortisol, and complex pathogenesis,including somatic and germline mutations. The latest research shows that PBMAH is a genetic disease, and the most reported pathogenic gene is ARMC5.However, there are no target genes for early detection now. Bioinformatics analysis is a powerful method for the identification of biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets of a certain disease from related datasets.
Methods
This study searched and downloaded the transcriptome sequencing data and expression profile dataset GSE171558 related to primary bilateral adrenal macronodular hyperplasia from the gene expression omnibus,GEO, http://www༎ncbi༎nlm༎nih༎gov /geo). We filtered the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and performed weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) on this dataset.Gene Ontology (GO) ,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment Analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA) were performed for the blue module genes. Protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analysis was performed based on the differentially expressed gene.We selected the overlapping genes of the hub gene in the blue gene module and the hub gene in PPI as the final hub gene of PBMAH. And we verified the final hub gene in the GSE25031 dataset.
Results
The blue gene model (677 genes) is mainly enriched in lipid metabolism, with the highest correlation coefficient with PBMAH. Through differential analysis, we screened out 487 DEGs, including 231 up-regulated genes and 256 down-regulated genes. PPI analysis identified 30 hub genes. GPC4 and VCAN were identified as the final hub genes of PBMAH.The raw data of GSE25031 verified the analysis results. The expression of GPC4 was significantly down-regulated in the PBMAH group compared with the normal control group, and VCAN was up-regulated considerably compared with the normal group. Analysis of GSEA data showed that VCAN was connected to PI3K-Akt signalling pathway, Phospholipase D signalling pathway, Rap1 signalling route, Ras signalling pathway, MAPK signalling pathway, etc. GPC4 was associated to cancer-related Pathways, Rap1 signalling pathway, PI3K-Akt signalling pathway, Wnt signalling pathway, etc.
Conclusions
GPC4 and VCAN may participate in the occurrence and development of PBMAH, and these,two hub genes may be potential targets for the intervention of PBMAH.
Experimental Study of Two-phase Pressure Drop in Adiabatic Tubes at Subatmospheric System Pressures
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Kothadia Hardik B. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The prediction of the frictional pressure drop in the two-phase flow has become highly crucial for the enhancement of heat transfer methodologies for various industrial applications in order to design thermal equipment efficiently. The pressure drop in the heat transfer equipment is affected by the system pressure, system geometry and working fluid. There is a dearth of literature on two-phase pressure drop in the conventional adiabatic tubes at subatmospheric system pressures. Experimental investigations on the pressure drop have been conducted at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 bar system pressures in 1500 mm long, 8, 13.7, and 18 mm diameter adiabatic tubes. The steam at 0 – 1 vapor quality is used at 32 – 660 kg/m2s mass flux in the adiabatic tubes. The effects of tube diameter, vapor quality, mass flux and system pressure on two-phase frictional pressure drop are investigated. In the liquid-vapor flow, the pressure drop experiences a non-linear increase with changes in vapor quality. The frictional pressure drop in two-phase flow is elevated with higher vapor quality, reduced subatmospheric system pressure, increased mass flux, and a smaller tube diameter. The correlations suggested for two-phase frictional pressure drop at higher system pressure predict the pressure drop reasonably in the adiabatic tubes at subatmospheric system pressure.
Unlocking the full potential of biogas systems for sustainable energy production and climate solutions in rural communities
Authors: Shen Bo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

On-site conversion of organic waste into biogas to satisfy consumer demand for direct primary energy usage has the potential to mitigate climate change in a highly trustworthy manner. Existing approaches usually ignore either the targeted supply of biogas in dynamic situations or methane slippage, especially where the goal is to achieve energy equality in developing areas, which has become the main obstacle to achieving the full co-benefits of organic waste conversion. Here, we describe an upgraded community biogas production and distribution system (CBPD) to achieve a biogas consumption-to-production ratio of close to 1 in rural or remote areas, compared with the actual performance of five current CBPD systems. Improvements in the practical operation of CBPD systems are proposed to better align out-of-step biogas flow rates on the plant-side with user-side demand. We also demonstrate that upgraded CBPDs can achieve universally high and competitive benefits under the prevailing climate conditions, and that national deployment of such systems in China would contribute a 3.77% reduction in carbon emissions towards meeting the 1.5°C global warming target set by the Paris Agreement.
Chromatographic Separation of Silver-111 from Neutron-Irradiated Palladium Target: Toward Direct Labeling of Radiotracers
Authors: Tosato Marianna , Gandini Andrea , Happel Steffen , Bas Marine , Donzella Antonietta , Zenoni Aldo , Salvini Andrea , Andrighetto Alberto , Marco Valerio Di , Asti Mattia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background:
Silver-111 is a promising β−-emitting radioisotope with ideal characteristics for targeted radionuclide therapy and associated single photon emission tomography imaging. Its decay properties closely resemble the clinically established lutetium-177, making it an attractive candidate for therapeutic applications. In addition, the clinical value of silver-111 is further enhanced by the existence of the positron-emitting counterpart silver-103, thus imparting a truly theranostic potential to this element. A so-fitting matching pair could potentially overcome the current limitations associated with the forced use of chemically different isotopes as imaging surrogates of lutetium-177, leading to more accurate and efficient diagnosis and treatment. However, the diffusion of silver-111 in vivo applications has been hindered so far by the challenges related to its production and radiochemical separation from the target material. To address these issues, this study aims to implement a chromatographic methodology for the purification of reactor-produced silver-111. The ultimate goal is to achieve a ready-to-use formulation for the direct radiolabeling of tumour-seeking biomolecules.
Results:
A two-step sequence chromatographic process was validated for cold Ag-Pd separation and then translated to the radioactive counterpart. Silver-111 was produced via the 110Pd(n,γ)111Pd nuclear reaction on the palladium target and the subsequent β−-decay of palladium-111. Silver-111 was chemically separated from the metallic target via the implemented chromatographic process by using commercially available LN and TK200 resins. The effectiveness of the separations was assessed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy and γ-spectrometry, respectively, and the Ag+ retrieval was afforded in pure water. Recovery of silver-111 was > 90% with a radionuclidic purity > 99%.
Conclusions:
The developed separation method was suitable to obtain silver-111 with high molar activity in a ready-to-use water-based formulation that can be directly employed for the labeling of radiotracers. By successfully establishing a robust and efficient production and purification method for silver-111, this research paves the way for its wider application in targeted radionuclide therapy and precision imaging.
A rapid review to inform the policy and practice for the implementation of chronic disease prevention and management programs for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in primary care
Authors: Yadav Uday Narayan , Davis Jasmine Meredith , Bennett-Brook Keziah , Coombes Julieann , Wyber Rosemary , Pearson Odette 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
More than 35% of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults live with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease. There is a pressing need for primary prevention and management of chronic diseases among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia. Therefore, this review aimed to synthesise a decade of contemporary evidence to understand the barriers and enablers of chronic disease prevention and management for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People with a view to developing policy and practice recommendations.
Methods
We systematically searched for peer-reviewed published articles between January 2014 to March 2023 where the search was performed using subject headings and keywords related to “Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples,” “Chronic Disease,” and “Primary Health Care”. Quality assessment for all included studies was conducted using the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Quality Appraisal Tool. The data were extracted and summarised using a conventional content analysis approach and applying strength-based approaches.
Results
Database searches identified 1653 articles where 26 met inclusion criteria. Studies varied in quality, primarily reporting on 14 criteria of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Quality Appraisal Tool. We identified six key domains of enablers and barriers of chronic disease prevention and management programs and implied a range of policy and practice options for improvement. These include culturally acceptable and safe services, patient-provider partnerships, chronic disease workforce, primary health care service attributes, clinical care pathways, and accessibility to primary health care services. This review also identified the need to address social and cultural determinants of health, develop the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non-Indigenous chronic disease workforce, support multidisciplinary teams through strengthening clinical care pathways, and engage Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in chronic disease prevention and management program design and delivery.
Conclusion
Enabling place-based partnerships to develop contextual evidence-guided strategies that align with community priorities and aspirations, with the provision of funding mechanisms and models of care through policy and practice reforms will strengthen the chronic disease prevention and management program for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.