bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectives of individuals on reducing meat consumption to mitigate climate change: a scoping review
Authors: Moosburger R , Richter A , Manz K , Mensink GBM , Loss J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Meat production has negative impacts on climate change which could, along with other factors such as health and animal welfare, motivate individuals to eat less meat. So far, willingness to reduce meat consumption and motives to do so are not sufficiently understood. Therefore, we conducted a scoping review, based on the PRISMA-ScR guidelines.

Methods
The research questions were: What is the evidence regarding (1) the awareness about the link between meat consumption and climate change, (2) the willingness of individuals to reduce meat consumption to mitigate climate change and (3) individuals having reduced meat consumption for the reason of climate protection? We systematically searched multiple databases and included studies from 2015 onwards.

Results
Of 62 identified studies, 50 have been analysed so far. Research in this field increased steadily in the last years, with most studies being cross-sectional and conducted in Europe. Results indicate that the negative influence of meat consumption on climate change is relatively unknown or often being underestimated, yet awareness increased over the last decade. Among persons who think meat reduction is an effective strategy to mitigate climate change, the willingness to reduce consumption is more frequent. Regarding individuals who have reduced meat consumption, climate protection as a motive seems to be gaining importance over time. The results are preliminary.

Conclusions
The climate change mitigation potential of meat reduction should be better communicated, e.g. in health promotion campaigns, to further raise awareness, strengthen willingness to reduce meat consumption and initiate behaviour change. Longitudinal studies are necessary to accompany the whole process, from awareness and intentions to behavioural change.

Key messages
• The scoping review shows to what extent climate protection aspects influence individual willingness to reduce meat consumption.
• Also, research gaps in this field are being identified.
Improving health and scientific literacy in disadvantaged adults: a scoping review of interventions
Authors: Romanova A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
People with low socioeconomic status face high health risks and poor health literacy. Tailored health education could help reduce these disparities. This scoping review sought to provide an up-to-date overview of approaches to craft and conduct interventions to improve health and scientific literacy in disadvantaged adults.

Methods
7 databases were searched from 2012 to 2022. Data about research design, settings, target groups, topics, skills, theoretical foundations, materials, methodologies, outcomes, and evaluation tools were extracted from the selected articles. Quality assessment was done using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool.

Results
The review included 50 studies, most of which were quasi-experimental, involving participants with low income or limited education, ethnic minorities, or immigrants. Frequently theory-driven, these interventions were conducted in community settings and used various interactive methods like discussions and practical exercises. Functional and interactive health literacy dimensions were emphasised more than critical and scientific ones. Many programs highlighted cultural appropriateness and customization. Researchers often involved participants in program development or execution. Evaluations assessed knowledge, health literacy, behavioural and psychological gains using various quantitative and qualitative instruments. Critical appraisal of the studies revealed quality limitations.

Conclusions
Participatory methods, interactivity and culturally appropriate materials are crucial for crafting relevant health education for disadvantaged groups. Greater emphasis should be placed on developing critical and scientific health literacy skills.

Key messages
• This study provides novel findings on the ways to design and evaluate health literacy interventions targeted at vulnerable groups.
• Such guidance can be valuable for health education practitioners.
Mental health of older parents with migrant adult-children in Europe
Authors: Lee H , Kim J , Zrínyi M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
As migration patterns continue to shift across Europe, an increasing number of older parents are experiencing the departure of their adult children. This phenomenon has been linked to higher levels of stress, isolation, and loneliness among left-behind parents, which may lead to poor mental and physical health. This study aimed to investigate whether adult children's outmigration is associated with the mental health of older parents in different regions of Europe.

Methods
The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) Wave 8 was used to investigate the impact of adult child migration on depression of older parents in four European regions: Western, Northern, Southern, and Central and Eastern Europe.

Results
A total study sample was 23,185 older parents composed of Western (5,458), Central and Eastern (10,397), Southern (4,063), and Scandinavian (3,267) Europe. Preliminary results showed that there was a regional difference in the health effects of adult children outmigration in Europe. From the bivariate analysis, older parents in Central and Eastern (F = 4.756, p = 0.003) and Southern (F = 4.675, p = 0.003) regions showed significant differences according to their adult children's migration status while Western and Northern Europe regions did not show the difference in depression levels. According to a multiple regression model, compared to those having no migrant child or all children lives within 500km, those in Central and Eastern Europe region with all (p &lt; 0.001, β = 0.423) or some (p &lt; 0.001, β = 0.309) of adult children were over 500km away were statistically more depressed even after considering extensive other factors.

Conclusions
The outmigration of adult children can profoundly affect the mental health of older parents left-behind in Central and Eastern Europe, emphasizing the need to recognize left-behind parents as a vulnerable population at risk for developing mental health issues.
Impact of transition to retirement on the risk of depression and suicidality: results from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)
Authors: Mosconi G , Vigezzi G P , Bertuccio P , Amerio A , Odone A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Depression is among the main contributors to older adults’ mental health burden. Retirement, as a major life transition, has been claimed to influence mental health substantially.

Methods
To assess short- and long-term impacts of transitioning to retirement on depression risk and suicidality in older adults across Europe, we conducted a longitudinal study using data from the SHARE, collected between 2004 and 2020 in 27 European countries plus Israel. To estimate relative risks (RR) for depression and suicidality at seven time intervals before and after retirement, we fitted adjusted generalised estimating equation models for repeated measures.

Results
We included 8,998 individuals employed at baseline and retired at follow-up. Compared to the year of retirement, the risk of depression was 11% lower in the following year (RR 0.89; 95% CI 0.81-0.99), 9% lower after 2 years (RR 0.91; 95% CI 0.82-1.00) and after 3 years (RR 0.91; 95% CI 0.81-1.01). Significant estimates remained among females, married individuals, those with an intermediate or higher level of education, former manual workers and those who retired at or before their country's median retirement age. A significant increase in depressive symptoms emerged from the tenth year after retirement among former non-manual workers (RR 1.21; 95% CI 1.05-1.40) and late retirees (RR 1.37; 95% CI 1.16-1.63). As for suicidality, we reported an increase in risk only 5 years or more after retirement: +30% 5-9 years after retirement (RR 1.30; 95% CI 1.04-1.64) and +47% 10 or more years after retirement (RR 1.47; 95% CI 1.09-1.98).

Conclusions
Longitudinal data suggest an independent effect of retiring associated with a reduction in depression and suicidality risk in the short run, with its effect decreasing in the long run. If greater flexibility in pensionable age may help prevent depression late in life, the transition to retirement is to be accompanied by targeted health promotion interventions.
A wellness intervention to address weight gain in people living with HIV
Authors: Hill J , Skinner D , Nachega J , Kengne A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Dolutegravir-based antiretrovirals are the cornerstone of HIV treatment in LMICs but has shown to be associated with excessive (≥10%) weight gain. Increased body mass index combined with fat redistribution poses increased risk for diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. The South African Diabetes Prevention Program (SA-DPP) is a lifestyle intervention program, including nutrition education, physical activity, and other risky behaviors and has been adapted to poorly resourced communities in Cape Town. We aimed to adapt the SA-DPP intervention for people living with HIV (PLWH) and assess its acceptability and feasibility.

Methods
PLWH and health staff were drawn from three primary health clinics in Cape Town (n = 35). Purposive sampling was used. Five focus groups (FG) with PLWH; two individual interviews (II) with PLWH; five interviews with health staff, including two II with medical doctors; two with a pair of nurses each and a group of three lay counsellors and three II with experts on diet and exercise lifestyle (n = 6). The FG and interviews explored two parts 1) PLWH experience of HIV treatment, their lifestyle issues, the education and support received from clinics and 2) review, evaluation and perspectives on the current SA-DPP intervention and tools. FG and interviews were transcribed and thematically analyzed.

Results
The SA-DPP curriculum was positively reviewed by PLWH and health staff. This included acceptability of the content and structure of the material. The content was deemed thorough and detailed in relation to nutrition and exercise. “The physical active part here, is something that I need in my life, this is something that I need in my health, the improve your sleep and the stress”. Practical in its approach, gave options within reach, in terms of availability and cost.

Conclusions
The intervention content was deemed accessible and covered all important areas. Experts thought it a resource PLWH could use over time and across illnesses.

Key messages
• This study provides insight into the challenges faced by PLWH in trying to live a healthier lifestyle.
• The result of this study will translate into a healthy lifestyle intervention that can easily be adopted in the current primary health care set up for PLWH.
Health & well-being experiences of patients with pulmonary fibrosis from dancing intervention
Authors: Niranjan V , Tarantino G , Kumar J , Cassidy N , Galvin L , Barnes T , O'Neill F , Cullen M , O’Connor R , O’Regan A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Patients with pulmonary fibrosis (PF) are recommended pulmonary rehabilitation which improves health outcomes. Such physical activity (PA) programmes are meant to promote sustainable behavioural change as exercise activities are valued, enjoyed and considered meaningful. Dance is one exercise form, but COVID-19 may have negatively impacted participation and quality of life of vulnerable populations due to lockdown and consequent isolation. This qualitative study aimed to investigate the perspectives of adults living with PF who had participated in a dance intervention. In partnership with the Irish Lung Fibrosis Association (ILFA), A group of 16 patients with PF, members of ILFA, participated in 75 minutes online dance intervention for eight weeks delivered by an experienced choreographer. An exploratory qualitative study using thematic analysis of semi structured interviews was carried out to understand feasibility as well as health and wellbeing impacts of dancing among the participants. Eight participants (6 Female, 2 male; mean age 72.3 years) completed one to one semi-structured qualitative interviews. Four key themes emerged: 1) Dance is fun - we're not exercising 2) Improved sense of wellbeing 3) Positive impact of own online social space 4) Connecting dance impacts to clinical health. Overall, participants mentioned that our virtual dance intervention was acceptable, enjoyable, preferable, and feasible. They strongly perceived health benefits especially breathing efficiency and mental health improvements for managing their day-to-day struggles with PF. Emerging themes could influence the development and evaluation of dance as an alternate form of PA for patients with PF, exploring its benefits and sustainability. As dance is a low-cost activity that can be done at home, dance interventions may be used as an exercise pathway for patients with pulmonary diseases. More organised and continuous events in future may reveal cost-benefit ratio and impact on health outcomes.

Key messages
• Dance – More favourable, higher adherence rate, better health and wellbeing outcomes and achieve higher targets of recommended PA levels in the community.
• Social prescribing – Creating and promoting alternative exercise forms which patient’s can and should enjoy an activity of their choice and have a choice.
Social capital as an element of impact on public health: a gender gap analysis for Spain
Authors: Valbuena-Portillo H , García-Prieto C , Gómez-Costilla P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The recent COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of health, not only for physical but also mental well-being. The isolation to which the population was subjected in many countries drastically reduced social interaction at that time and emphasized the relevance of social capital. The aim of this article is to study the importance of social capital in health, and its impact in gender inequalities, in order to provide guidance on social policy that contributes to the reduction of the gender health gap.
We used the Spanish data from the European Survey on Living Conditions (EU-SILC). Spain is a representative country of Southern Europe, where there are strong gender inequalities in health, especially among the elderly. The selected sample includes the population aged 25 years and over. In total, 25,054 individuals were considered, of whom 47% were men and 53% were women. Self-rated health was used as a general indicator of health status. Different sociodemographic variables and various social capital variables, such as satisfaction with social relationships or meeting with family and friends, were included in the analysis. In order to carry out this analysis, several multivariate logistic estimations were performed. In our results, social capital variables were highly significant and positively associated with perceived health. In the case of women, there is a strong positive association, especially relevant for older women (over 75) and those with lower levels of education (no education or primary education). In both cases, these are the most vulnerable women, who report a poorer health status, with a gender gap in health particularly intense in our estimations for older women. In conclusion, social policies supporting elderly women, promoting participation in group activities and facilitating relationships with others, constitute a strategy of great impact on their perception of health.

Key messages
• Social capital variables were highly significant and positively associated with perceived health, especially relevant for older women and those with lower levels of education.
• Social policies supporting elderly women, promoting participation in group activities and facilitating relationships with others, constitute a strategy of great impact on their perception of health.
Are diet and exercise associated with depression in rheumatoid arthritis patients?
Authors: Husivargova A , Timkova V , Macejova Z , Kotradyova Z , Breznoscakova D , Sanderman R , Nagyova I 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Although depression is a common comorbidity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), little is known about a potential treatment strategy. Current studies of dietary improvement for depression have recently emerged in the general population, but have hardly any coverage in RA. Also, less exercise increases the number of people experiencing depression, and current studies showed that most RA patients are physically inactive. Thus, our study aimed to identify the potential factors associated with depression in RA patients.

Methods
We included 157 RA patients (84.7% female; mean age 56.43±13.9 years; mean disease duration 19.53±9.54 years). All participants completed the General Health Questionnaire - 28, the Visual Analogue Scale Pain, the 36-item Short Form Health Survey, the Physical Activity Scale, and the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Correlations and multiple linear regressions were used to analyse the data.

Results
Bivariate analyses showed a significant association between disease activity (.25; p ≤ 0.01), functional disability (.22; p ≤ 0.01), pain (.35; p ≤ 0.001), fatigue (-.45; p ≤ 0.001), physical inactivity (-.19; p ≤ 0.05), frequent consumption of fried foods (-.22; p ≤ 0.01) and depression. No other foods were associated with depression in RA. The multiple regression analyses showed that disease activity, fatigue, and fried foods consumption were significantly associated with depression in the final model. However, the association between physical activity and depression was no longer significant using multivariate models. Explained variance in the final regression model was 27.6%.

Conclusions
It appears that frequent consumption of fried foods is associated with depression in RA when controlled for sociodemographic and clinical variables. Further research on specific dietary habits and underlying mechanisms in the gut-brain axis may help to develop treatment options for the prevention of psychological distress in RA. (Grant: VEGA: 1/0748/22; APVV-15-0719)

Key messages
• Non-pharmacological intervention for reducing depression should target the patient's diet.
• Frequent consumption of fried food may influence depression more significantly than physical inactivity.
Intergenerational transmission of health behaviors: A population-based study in Germany
Authors: Rau S , Shojaa M , Montano D , Schmitz N 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Intergenerational transmission has been identified for many chronic diseases and behavioral factors. Long-term prospective studies are needed that examine different generations within families and determine the expression of specific biological and psychosocial characteristics using a standardized measurement protocol. At present, there are no prospective cohort studies in Germany that have examined the association between the health behavior of parents and children.

Methods
The ongoing pilot study is the first phase of a population-based longitudinal study on the health behavior of the generations. A random sample of 230 community members aged 70-85 years in Germany was recruited. A face-to-face interview with standardized questionnaires was conducted to collect information on health outcomes, including lifestyle, medical, social, and psychological factors in participants’ lives. Blood and saliva samples were also collected to determine some specific biomarkers. Online questionnaires will be used for younger generations.

Results
Data collection for the first generation has been completed and recruitment for the second and third generations is expected to be completed by June 2023. Written informed consent has been obtained from all participants. Results from the current study will be presented at the conference.

Conclusions
Parental health behaviors may influence the onset of risky health behaviors in their offspring. Thus, in order to promote healthy behaviors, it is important to examine these factors to understand whether the transmission from one generation to the next is due to high-risk lifestyles, the direct transmission, or both.

Key messages
• This pilot study will provide information needed to design a larger population study, i.e., sample size will depend on response rates and associations between psychosocial and biological factors.
• Intergenerational transmission may provide an important framework for health promoting interventions leading to healthy aging.
Organizational Health Literacy in cancer care: the patients’ perspective
Authors: Jeitani C , Van den Broucke S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction
While earlier views of health literacy focused on patients’ skills, recent conceptualizations put the emphasis on matching individuals’ functional, communicative and critical skills to the information requirements of the health system. This paradigm shift has given rise to the concept of health-literate organizations. Yet while this concept is becoming better known, the barriers and facilitators to its implementation remain understudied. This study aims at understanding patients’ perspective of how their health literacy levels are being attended to by the healthcare system and enable their decision-making process.

Methods
The study took place at the oncology-hematology departments in two sites of a Brussels-based hospital, serving two different patient populations. The perceptions of 20 patients on existing health literacy policies and procedures were evaluated through semi-structured interviews based on the Enliven Organisational Health Literacy Self-Assessment Resource, CDC's attributes of a health-literate organization, and the International Self-Assessment Tool for Organizational Health Literacy Responsiveness of Hospitals. The models underlying these tools were used for the analysis of the results alongside the WHO health literacy policy model.

Results
Preliminary results revealed a weak understanding of the term health literacy and poor comprehension of the impact and importance of health literacy. The information given through oral or written measures was considered sufficient but poorly adapted to cultural and linguistic needs. Little or no involvement was perceived in patient-related approach strategies. Coordinating nurses were considered as the main source of information.

Conclusions
The weak ability of patients to understand the importance of health literacy and its impact calls for a health literate organization approach that allows the patient an accessible and level-adapted environment that caters to all HL levels.

Key messages
• Weak ability for patients to understand HL and it's importance shows how perception of adapted Health Literate approaches are impacted.
• The need for health literate organizations through the creation of interventions that cater the needs of patients, health care staff and the organization.