bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectral difference method with a posteriori limiting: II – Application to low Mach number flows
Authors: Velasco-Romero David A , Teyssier Romain 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Stellar convection poses two main gargantuan challenges for astrophysical fluid solvers: low-Mach number flows and minuscule perturbations over steeply stratified hydrostatic equilibria. Most methods exhibit excessive numerical diffusion and are unable to capture the correct solution due to large truncation errors. In this paper, we analyse the performance of the spectral difference (SD) method under these extreme conditions using an arbitrarily high-order shock capturing scheme with a posteriori limiting. We include both a modification to the HLLC Riemann solver adapted to low Mach number flows (L-HLLC) and a well-balanced scheme to properly evolve perturbations over steep equilibrium solutions. We evaluate the performance of our method using a series of test tailored specifically for stellar convection. We observe that our high-order SD method is capable of dealing with very subsonic flows without necessarily using the modified Riemann solver. We find however that the well-balanced framework is unavoidable if one wants to capture accurately small amplitude convective and acoustic modes. Analysing the temporal and spatial evolution of the turbulent kinetic energy, we show that our fourth-order SD scheme seems to emerge as an optimal variant to solve this difficult numerical problem.
A United Kingdom nationally representative survey of public attitudes towards pharmacogenomics
Authors: Magavern Emma F , Marengo Gabriel ,   Participant Panel at Genomics England, Sivathasan Chujan , Mezzanzanica Marta , Wright Alison J , Keen Jessica , Sharma Videha , McDermott John H , Duckett Claire , McCormick Dave , Simmonds Shelley , Walters Emma ,   The National Centre for Social Research Team, Weinman John , Parry Vivienne , Newman William G , Caulfield Mark J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Variation in DNA is known to contribute to medication response, impacting both medicine effectiveness and incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). However, clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics (PGx) has been slow, and the views of the public are not well understood.

Aim
To assess UK national public attitudes around pharmacogenetics.

Design and Methods
The survey was co-designed with the Participant Panel at Genomics England and the data were collected by the National Centre for Social Research, using its nationally representative panel of UK adults. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to analyse relationships between selected survey reported variables, controlled for age and sex.

Results
The survey response rate was 58%. Two thousand seven hundred and nineteen responses were obtained. Most respondents (59%) had experienced either no benefit or a side effect. Forty-five per cent of respondents reported having experienced no benefit and 46% of respondents reported having experienced a side effect, with female respondents more likely to be in both groups (P &lt; 0.0001). Despite variability in interindividual medicine response being well understood (89%), the involvement of DNA in predicting benefit or risk of a side effect is not (understood by 52% and 48%, respectively). Eighty-nine per cent would complete a PGx test, with 91% wanting direct access to this information. Eighty-five per cent of UK adults think that the NHS should offer PGx to those regularly taking many medicines. Respondents were not more worried overall about misuse of PGx data compared with other routine medical data. Experience with prescription medication impacted on views with those who were prescribed medication almost twice as likely to want a PGx test for any reason.

Conclusion
Most respondents reported experience with either a medication not working for them or ADRs. There was a high level of understanding of variable medication response but a relatively low level of awareness of the role genetics plays in that variability. Most respondents would want a PGx test, to have direct access to results, and think the NHS should offer this form of testing. Importantly, respondents were not more concerned about PGx data use than that of any other routinely generated medical data. Notably, this study highlights a relationship between individuals’ experiences with prescription medications and their interest in PGx testing, underscoring the potential for personalized medicine to address public healthcare needs.
Defer, Share, or Drive the Decision: Empowering Patients with Varied Preferences to Engage in Decision-making (an Analysis from Alliance A231701CD)
Authors: Saucke Megan C. , Jacobson Nora , Chow Selina , McKinney Grace , Neuman Heather B. 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
To understand how breast cancer patients experience the surgical decision process and identify strategies surgeons can employ to empower patients to engage in decision-making.

Background:
Patient engagement in decision-making is associated with improved patient outcomes. Although, some patients prefer that their healthcare provider drive the decision, the benefits of engaging in decision-making hold true even for patients who prefer to defer to their provider.

Methods:
We performed semi-structured interviews with patients that experienced low engagement in clinical trial A231701CD (n=30). We used qualitative content analysis to analyze data and organize it into overarching themes that represent experiences with decision-making.

Results:
Patients could be grouped based on their experiences with the decision process into those that wanted to defer, share, or drive the decision. Three domains differentiated patients between groups: (1) overall disposition toward the surgeon, (2) tendency to exchange information and ask questions, and (3) attitudes toward how their preferences should shape the treatment decision. We identified surgeon behaviors that could optimize patient engagement. These opportunities were observed across all patients, regardless of their experience with the decision process.

Conclusion:
Surgeons can empower patients to engage in decision-making by getting to know patients as individuals, ensuring all treatment options are presented, and integrating patient preferences into the decision process. Through these actions, surgeons can help patients with varied preferences for decision-making engage in making high quality decisions that reflect patients’ priorities. These suggestions may have the greatest impact on socially disadvantaged patients and help to reduce disparities in care.
DNA fromcetariaefish remains confirms sardine (Sardina pilchardus) use and local population continuity in Northwestern Iberia since Roman times
Authors: Themudo Gonçalo Espregueira , Fernández-Fernández Adolfo , Abad Patricia Valle , Nóvoa Alba A. Rodríguez , Fernández-Rodriguez Carlos , de Agüero Eduardo González-Gómez , da Fonseca Rute R. , Campos Paula F. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe Romans were among the first to extensively exploit fish resources, establishing large-scale salting and preservation plants. Small pelagic fish were fermented to produce sauces like garum. Here, we recover DNA from specimens collected at Adro Vello (O Grove), Galicia, dating to the 3rd century AD. Whole genome resequencing, confirmed these as European sardines (Sardina pilchardus) and assigns all samples to a population ranging from North Morocco to the Bay of Biscay. The low admixture levels in ancient samples suggest lower connectivity in Roman times. This overlooked archaeological material can enhance our understanding of past subsistence economy, culture, and diet.
Encoding of visual stimuli and behavioral goals in distinct anatomical areas of monkey ventrolateral prefrontal cortex
Authors: Basile C. , Gerbella M. , Gravante A. , Lapadula A. , Rodà F. , Simone L. , Fogassi L. , Rozzi S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe lateral prefrontal cortex has been classically defined as an associative region involved in the so-called executive functions, such as guiding behavior based on abstract rules and mnemonic information. However, most neurophysiological studies on monkeys did not address the issue of whether distinct anatomical sectors of lateral prefrontal cortex play different functional roles. The main aim of this work is to study functional properties of neurons recorded from a large part of ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPF) of two monkeys performing passive visual tasks and a visuo-motor task, and to map them on the anatomical areas defined on the basis of our recent parcellations.Our results show that distinct VLPF areas differently contribute to visual processing and action organization along the caudo-rostral axis. In particular, the processing of visual stimuli, independent of whether passively presented or exploited for guiding behavior, primarily involves posterior VLPF areas (especially caudal area 12r), while the elaboration of visual and contextual information for action organization mainly involves intermediate VLPF areas (especially middle 46v). In this latter sector, visual stimuli/instructions appear to be encoded in a pragmatic format, that is in terms of the associated behavioral outcome. Finally, more anterior areas are characterized by a low responsiveness to the employed tasks.Altogether, our findings indicate that posterior VLPF areas represent the first processing stage of visual input, intermediate areas primarily contribute to the selection and planning of contextually appropriate behaviors, while rostral areas could be involved in more complex abstract processes.
Engineered spermidine-secreting Saccharomyces boulardii enhances olfactory memory in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Parweez Florance , Palou Roger , Li Ruizhen , Kadhim Lanna , MacMillan Heath , Tyers Mike , Johné Liu X. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine are ubiquitous metabolites synthesized in all cells. The intracellular levels of polyamines, especially spermidine, decrease in aging. Oral spermidine supplementation has been reported to alleviate aspects of age-related disease in animal models, including decline in learning and memory. The diverse health benefits of spermidine supplementation, often at doses that do not significantly alter spermidine levels of target organs, suggests that exogenous spermidine may have a common site of action, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. To directly deliver spermidine to the GI tract with minimum impact on the global spermidine levels, we engineered the probiotic yeastSacchromyces boulardii(Sb) to overproduce and secrete spermidine. We tested the effects of a spermidine-producing yeast strain (Sb576) on age-associated learning and memory decline in an olfactory classical conditioning inDrosophila melanogaster. Feeding of newly emerged adult flies [w1118(isoCJ1)] for 30 days with food supplemented with live Sb576, but not live wild-type Sb (SbWT) or free spermidine, reduced age-associated short-term memory (STM) decline. Notably, Sb576 supplementation, but not SbWT or spermidine supplementation, of either young flies or old flies for only three days also enhanced STM without affecting locomotive ability. Transcriptome analysis of the gut revealed relatively few (30) differentially overexpressed genes in the Sb576 group compared to the SbWT group including the gene coding neuropeptide Dh31, which has been implicated in memory in the flies. These results demonstrate that in situ production of spermidine by a synthetic biotic yeast in the GI tract can enhance STM, and further suggest a mechanism involving the gut-brain axis.
Organizational competencies for BIM adoption: a cross-field analysis in the built asset industry
Authors: Pavard Antonin , de Paula Nathalia , Poirier Erik 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
Numerous studies have examined building information modeling (BIM) adoption in the built asset industry to understand its components, requirements and dynamics of this process. Further research is needed to follow this process, particularly considering emerging practices and technologies. This paper aims to characterize and evaluate the competency profiles underlying the BIM adoption and implementation process across distinct fields within the built asset industry, namely, owners, architecture, engineering, manufacturing, general and specialty contractors.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a quantitative approach, six fields of activity and 136 competencies were related based on data from 368 organizations. This approach, which includes univariate and bivariate methods (profiles and Chi2-test), enables the delineation and comparison of competency profiles underlying BIM adoption across fields of activity.

Findings
In all fields of activity, notable progress is observed in management and operational competencies, while administration, research and development (R&D) and implementation are progressing slowly. Sixty-two competencies are correlated significantly with fields of activity. Of note is the expertise of certain competencies in fields of activity (architecture excels in managerial, functional, technological, implementation and R&D competencies; engineering in administrative and normative competencies). Conversely, some fields of activity notably fall behind in most competencies, such as general and specialty contractors.

Originality/value
By examining the competencies development, this research identifies the key areas in which organizations in various fields of activity should invest to improve their BIM adoption. These findings can guide competency enhancement efforts in the built asset industry.
Effects of geometrical and material properties on the buckling behavior of hybrid laminated composite plates using differential quadrature approach
Authors: Maraş Sinan 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the effects of layering sequence, aspect ratios, fiber orientation angles, loading types and boundary conditions on the buckling behavior of glass/carbon/hybrid fiber-reinforced epoxy laminated composites using the differential quadrature (DQ) approach.Design/methodology/approachIn total, different hybrid combinations are considered separately for angle-ply, cross-ply and antisymmetric layup schemes. For this purpose, a DQ code is developed using MATLAB.FindingsThe results obtained from the study reveal that the lamination arrangements and varying loading conditions of the hybrid laminated structures have a significant effect on the buckling performance of these materials.Originality/valueThis is the first study to investigate how the critical buckling loads of glass fiber/epoxy and carbon fiber/epoxy laminated hybrid composite plates are influenced by fiber orientation angles, aspect ratios, stacking sequences, loading conditions and boundary conditions using the DQ method. This study contributes to the literature in this regard.
Empowerment and collective action: feminist solidarity through women’s entrepreneurship in Kyrgyzstan’s community-based tourism
Authors: Yousafzai Shumaila , Aljanova Nurlykhan 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThis study investigates the role of feminist solidarity in influencing women’s empowerment within Kyrgyzstan’s community-based tourism sector, exploring how traditional values intersect with feminist activism to create opportunities for socio-economic growth while highlighting the dynamic interactions that shape empowerment in this context.Design/methodology/approachUsing 32 in-depth interviews, this research applies a post-colonial feminist perspective to examine the complex dynamics of feminist solidarity among women entrepreneurs in Kyrgyzstan’s unique socio-cultural environment.FindingsFeminist solidarity is identified as a catalyst for socio-economic transformation and community empowerment, promoting economic opportunities, cultural preservation and knowledge-sharing across generations. The study introduces a spiral model of empowerment, illustrating the dynamic progression from individual empowerment to community solidarity, highlighting the evolving and interconnected nature of these processes.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings demonstrate that feminist solidarity drives socio-economic change in post-colonial contexts, offering opportunities for sustainable development and community empowerment. However, policymakers must approach leveraging feminist solidarity with caution, ensuring cultural sensitivity and avoiding oversimplified interventions. The community-based tourism sector illustrates that, when integrated thoughtfully, feminist solidarity can promote growth and cultural preservation, but only when aligned with local values and contexts.Originality/valueThis study advances the understanding of feminist solidarity and empowerment by not only providing a contextual analysis within Kyrgyzstan’s community-based tourism sector but also offering insights into the broader processes and dynamics of solidarity and empowerment. It illustrates how these concepts evolve and interact, demonstrating their impact on collective action and socio-economic change in post-colonial settings, thus enriching the theoretical discourse on gender and entrepreneurship.
Do production structures affect the relationship between foreign investment and entrepreneurship?
Authors: Abubakar Yazid Abdullahi , Haini Hazwan , Saridakis George , Loon Pang Wei 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This paper aims to suggest that foreign investment spurs entrepreneurial activity (i.e. new business formation) through various crowding-in mechanisms. Previous research also highlights the importance of production structures in developing a country’s absorptive capacity. Thus, the authors examined the extent to which sophisticated production structures can promote the crowding-in (positive) effects of foreign investment on new business formation.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses an annual-level unbalanced panel dataset of 94 countries from 2006 to 2020. The authors use system Generalized Method of Moments estimator, which can control for endogeneity and simultaneity issues. Additionally, they split their sample data set to examine the effects on coastal and landlocked countries (which are economically at a disadvantage).

Findings
Using the economic complexity and economic diversification index as their measure of production structure, the authors find evidence that foreign investment is associated with greater entrepreneurial activities, and this effect is greater when production structures are more sophisticated. However, this complementary effect is not observed in the subsample of landlocked economies, which face impediments to global trade and other structural challenges.

Research limitations/implications
The results imply that policymakers can promote new business formation by developing a country’s production structure in tandem with foreign investment in knowledge intensive sectors.

Originality/value
The authors empirically establish that production structures can promote the crowding-in effects of foreign direct investment on entrepreneurial activities using two measures of production structures, namely, economic complexity and economic diversification.
Ex-post credit risk and the cyclicality of banks’ self-discipline: empirical evidence from US banks
Authors: Tsagkanos Athanasios , Andriakopoulos Konstantinos 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThe aim of this research is to empirically examine if both credit cycle of large lending and business cycle affect the ex-post credit risk (i.e. non-performing loans (NPLs)) in the banking system of USA. A unique data set is created by using the Statistics on Depository Institutions (SDI) report compiled by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) covering the period between 2010Q1 and 2021Q4.Design/methodology/approachThe differenced generalised method of moments (GMM) is used as econometric methodology to deal with endogeneity issues that may arise when we regress non-perfoming loans (NPLs) on the credit cycle of large lending (proxy of banks’ self-discipline) and business cycle (proxy of macroeconomic conditions).FindingsWhat we found is that both current credit cycle of large lending and one period lag business cycle can influence the US NPLs negatively due to the self-discipline role of large lending and the adverse macroeconomic conditions respectively. The excess credit influence of credit cycle of large lending on the US NPLs emerges after a period lag. Similarly, unexpectedly, current business cycle affects the US NPLs positively. Moreover, we noticed that the US NPLs have not a symmetric sensitivity between both business cycle and credit cycle of large lending.Originality/valueThe authors offer crucial evidence that credit cycle of large lending can also be associated negatively with NPLs enriching the relevant literature, which supports that credit cycle influences positively NPLs due to loan credit expanding, implying that NPLs can be reduced by large lending through the improvement of banks’ cost efficiency.
Future of work and talent development realities: a qualitative analysis from a developing country perspective
Authors: Shahriar Shamsul Huq Bin 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThis study seeks to investigate talent development practices within the evolving business landscape, focusing on human resources in Bangladesh.Design/methodology/approachDue to the study’s complexity, qualitative research methods were chosen. Data collection involved interviews with two clusters: Cluster A comprised 20 HR professionals with at least two years of talent management experience, recruited through purposive sampling. Cluster B involved in-depth interviews with seventeen employees from various departments, excluding HR.FindingsThe research findings revealed that talent acquisition strategies are shifting toward hiring experienced professionals for critical roles, emphasizing expertise. While organizations prioritize aligning talent development with long-term goals, concerns persist over unethical practices in hiring processes. Succession planning emerges as vital for leadership continuity and agile talent management practices gain traction. Additionally, digital transformation reshapes development methods, while employee self-development initiatives are increasingly valued. Employer branding plays a crucial role in talent acquisition, with employee and employer branding serving as key components of the talent acquisition process.Practical implicationsThis study offers actionable insights for organizations in Bangladesh to overhaul talent development methods, ensuring alignment with long-term objectives, adopting agile talent management and leveraging digital transformation. These strategies are essential for cultivating future leaders’ adeptness at navigating the evolving business landscape.Originality/valueThe paper offers valuable insights into the future of work (FoW) and talent development practices, particularly from the unique perspective of developing nations. This perspective sheds light on how organizations in these regions navigate challenges and opportunities, which may differ from those in first-world corporate cultures.