bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Red Meat Intake and Colorectal Cancer among East-Asians: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies Performed between 2011-2021
Authors: Cheung Hoi Shan , Lu Lok Yee , So Wang Leong , Wong Ho Wai , Wong Sei Hei , Mak Chloe Miu 
Published: September 2023

Background and Aims: Colorectal cancer has the third highest incidence and second highest mortality among all cancers worldwide. Although numerous studies investigating the associations between high red meat intake and risk of colorectal cancer have been published, the association between the intake of red meat and the risk of colorectal cancer in Asians remains unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies to estimate the association between red meat intake and colorectal cancer incidence rate between 2011-2021.
Method: We searched PubMed database from 1 Jan 2011 to 21 July 2021. Prospective cohort studies and nested case-control studies that reported results on the association between red meat consumption and colorectal cancer were included in the meta-analysis. The outcome of interest was the association between the intake of red meat and the risk of colorectal cancer. We performed a meta-analysis to calculate the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: A total of 5 studies enrolling 48,158 participants were included. The results showed no significant association between red meat intake and colorectal cancer risks (OR=1.38; 95%CI: 0.98-1.93). The aspect of the corresponding funnel plot suggested the presence of significant publication bias. Egger’s test confirmed the significant asymmetry of the funnel plot (t = 9.3024, p = 0.0026).
Conclusions: Contrary to many other meta-analyses, our study showed that intake of red meat was not associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer in East-Asians from China, Japan and South Korea. However, due to the limited number of included papers and the lack of confounders adjustments, our results warrant cautious interpretations.
Masculinidades y Perspectiva Decolonial en América Latina.
Authors: Martínez-Hoyos María Fernanda , Carmona Parra Jaime Alberto 
Published: September 2023

Artículo de revisión sobre el papel que ha ocupado la perspectiva decolonial en el proceso de construcción de conocimiento sobre masculinidades en América Latina. Se realizó el rastreo y revisión documental de artículos científicos y tesis de grado y posgrado de acceso libre publicadas en las bases de datos de Scopus, Redalyc, Scielo y Dialnet entre los años 2011 y 2021 bajo las palabras clave en inglés y español: colonialidad, decolonialidad, poscolonialidad, género, masculinidad, masculinidad hegemónica, globalización, América Latina. El analisis incluyó los documentos que desarrollan las categorías masculinidad, colonialidad y decolonialidad. Se identificó un vacio de conocimiento a nivel de producciones académicas formales, por lo cual se incluyeron algunos trabajos realizados en Sudáfrica y documentos derivados de simposios y congresos en la región, asi como algunos trabajos emblematicos de años anteriores. El vacio identificado permite reconocer un campo de conocimiento emergente coherente con las particularidades de la región y en linea con los avances teóricos que se vienen realizando desde perpectivas como el feminismo decolonial y los movimientos sociales que trabajan las masculinidades y que por fuera de la academia han reconocido la importancia de articular las categorias de masculinidad y colonialidad en sus practicascotidianas.
Observation of feto-maternal outcome in eclamptic patients
Authors: Biswas Sabera Sultana 
Published: September 2023

Background: Eclampsia is a severe complication of pregnancy characterized by seizures and can lead to adverse feto-maternal outcomes. This study aimed to explore the relationships between socio-demographic factors, knowledge of eclampsia, clinical history, and feto-maternal outcomes in eclamptic patients.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 250 Bedded General Hospital, Pabna, Bangladesh, from September 2014 to October 2015, with a sample size of 48 eclamptic women who had given birth at the study hospital.
Results: Among the 48 eclamptic patients at the study hospital, most were either 20 years old or younger (43.75%) or aged 21 to 30 (50.00%), averaging 21.75 years in age. In terms of education, half were literate, and 37.50% had completed secondary school. The majority recognized the importance of pre-eclampsia (75.00%) and antenatal care (87.50%) for feto-maternal outcomes. Eclamptic seizures affected 25.00% of patients, hypertension 18.75%, and edema 6.25%. Risk factors included 43.75% in the high-risk age category, 37.50% with irregular or no antenatal check-ups, and 12.50% being nulliparous. Regarding perinatal outcomes, 62.50% of neonates survived, while 6.25% were stillborn, 6.25% experienced neonatal death, and 12.50% suffered neonatal asphyxia. Most patients (72.92%) had no complications, but 25.00% endured postpartum depression.
Conclusions: The findings underscore the importance of antenatal education programs and timely healthcare access for improving outcomes. By addressing these factors and emphasizing individualized care plans, healthcare providers can enhance maternal and neonatal well-being in eclamptic patients.
Fetomaternal outcome in patients of decreased fetal movements after thirty-four weeks of gestation
Authors: Majumdar Anamika , Mallick Kallol , Patel Dhaval , Shah Shikha , Padaya Tasmiya , Vasava Ravina 
Published: September 2023

Background: Maternal perception of decreased fetal movements is a cause of concern and common reason for visits to the antenatal clinic or delivery room. Several studies have shown that a reduction or cessation of fetal movements may result in poor pregnancy outcome and magnified increased risks of serious perinatal morbidity and mortality. Aim and objectives were to determine the correlation between decreased daily fetal movement counts, NST, USG and Colour Doppler with maternal and fetal outcome.
Methods: This study was a prospective observational study, conducted in department of obstetrics and gynecology at Surat municipal institute medical education and research medical college from January 2020 to June 2021.
Results: The study group consisted of 83 patients between 34 to 40 weeks of gestation with Decreased fetal movements. 60.24% patients belonged to age group between 21-25 years. 60.22% patients were multigravida.87.95% patients were full term, 59.09% patients presented between 12-24 hours of duration with complain of decreased fetal movements. In view of NST results, 72.29% patients had reactive-NST. In ultrasonography, 27.10% had AFI <5 cm and 72.90% had AFI >5 cm & all patients had normal color Doppler study. 60 patients had induced labor. 68.67% patients delivered vaginally. 42.10% of vaginal deliveries, 80% of Instrumental vaginal deliveries and 75% of LSCS had Meconium-stained liquor. 81.92% babies had APGAR score of >7 at birth. 84.33% had birth weight more than 2.5 kg 68.18% babies were admitted in NICU due to Meconium aspiration syndrome, followed by respiratory distress syndrome in 18.18% and birth asphyxia in 13.63% babies.
Conclusions: Decreased fetal movement is a frequently occurring antenatal presentation, associated with poor perinatal outcomes. Daily fetal movement counts are very effective, cheap and reliable method to diagnose fetal compromise early. Methods like NST, USG and Colour Doppler study are helpful in the identification of causes and timely management of the patient with decreased fetal movements and helpful to diagnose the fetus at risk and their timely delivery.
Antegrade biliary stenting following surgical management of choledocholithiasis
Authors: Masudi Faisal A. , Arish Hussain 
Published: September 2023

Background: T-tube drainage of the common bile duct following bile duct exploration has been standard surgical practice for most of the past century. An important drawback of surgical duct exploration and clearance over ERCP is the need for prolonged external biliary drainage via T-tubes and consequently added morbidity. As such interest grew in reassessing the need for T-tube drainage after CBD Exploration. This was especially augmented by increased popularity of laparoscopic CBD exploration at the time of cholecystectomy which could provide a solution to both problems in a single sitting.
Methods: This is a prospective observational study. We present a series of 31 cases of open and laparoscopic bile duct exploration where we closed the choledochotomy over an endo-biliary stent which was subsequently removed endoscopically, thus obviating external biliary drainage.
Results: In this study 31 patients undergoing CBD exploration at our institution between January 2017 and August 2018 were included after informed consent. These patients underwent primary closure of the CBD over an endobiliary stent without any T-tube. The mean age of the patients was 42 years (36-57 yrs). 19 of the patients were female and 12 were male. The average operating time was 135 min (120-150 min) for open surgery and 160 min (140-170 min) for laparoscopic cases. The average number of days of hospitalization was 5 in laparoscopic cases (4-14 days) and 7 in open surgical cases (6-12 days). The median follow up of patients was up to 18moths years (8 mths-2 yrs). There were no cases of bilioma/intra-abdominal collections requiring drainage. On long term follow up we could not find any clinical/laboratory evidence of development of biliary strictures.
Conclusions: Endobiliary stenting after open or laparoscopic bile duct exploration is a safe and attractive option for biliary drainage with many advantages over T-tube and can be achieved with minimal additional skill and operative time.
Burow’s triangle advancement flap: a reliable oncoplastic surgery for upper/upper inner quadrant breast cancer
Authors: El Dahshasn Mohamed Ebrahim , Abdulhameid Elnemr Ayman 
Published: September 2023

The oncologic outcome of breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is equivalent to mastectomy, when free margins are achieved and adjuvant radiotherapy of the operated breast is applied. Oncoplastic breast conserving techniques combine two aspects: oncological safety with a resection of the tumor with free margins and optimal aesthetic aspects. The modified Burow’s triangle advancement flap for upper/upper Inner quadrant breast cancer is a safe and effective technique to manage tumors at this complex location. It provides adequate oncological margins, good cosmetic results, and contralateral symmetry, with complication rates similar to those of standard conservative surgery.
A rare case of reactive arthritis with intermittent hematuria in a young male
Authors: Pallivalappil Bhargavan , Jacob Anuja , Khan Sadab Raza , Khader Sherin , Mekkayil Babitha 
Published: September 2023

Reactive arthritis (ReA) is an inflammatory arthritis that manifests days to weeks after a gastrointestinal or genitourinary infection. It is also described as a classic triad of arthritis, urethritis, and conjunctivitis. Here we discuss the clinical presentation of ReA in a 20-year-old male who presented with typical triad of symptoms. But there was presence of hematuria which couldn't be explained by this single diagnosis. So further investigations where necessary to find the cause of his haematuria. A 20-year-old male student with history of childhood onset renal stone disease presented with complaints of dysuria for 3 days followed by bilateral conjunctival congestion along with pain around right hip joint, painful swelling around right ankle joint for 2 days. All examination were normal except for bilateral conjunctivitis and features of right ankle joint arthritis. His blood investigations showed neutrophilic leucocytosis with raised CRP levels. Chlamydia IgM Antibody was detected positive, which revealed the causative organism being Chlamydia Trachomatis. Urine routine showed 50-55 RBC’S and 2+ proteinuria. Hematuria was attributed to the CT evidence of renal stone and abnormal retroaortic coarse of his left renal vein described as posterior nutcracker syndrome.
A prospective study of clinicopathological profile and outcome of otomycosis in patients presenting to a tertiary care center
Authors: Puthukudy Preetham A. , Feshan Musarrat , Muthu Devipriya 
Published: September 2023

Background: Otomycosis is reported all over the world and it accounts for 5 to 20 percent of all cases of infective otitis externa during rainy seasons. The article's main purpose was to study the predisposing factors, most common symptoms, different species of fungi involved, and the treatment outcome of otomycosis. A Chi-square test was used to analyze the association of various factors. Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used for statistical analysis.
Methods: In this prospective observational study, 100 patients with clinical evidence of otomycosis were evaluated and data regarding age, gender, risk factors, clinical appearance, fungal culture, and treatment modality received were taken. Response to treatment at the 1st follow-up (at 1 week), 2nd follow-up (at 2 weeks), and 3rd follow-up (at 3 weeks) were statistically analyzed.
Results: In our study we found the disease to be more common among the 51 to 60 years age group. Males were affected more than females. The most common occupation was housewife. The most common predisposing factor was ear picking and the symptom was otalgia followed by itching. The disease was predominantly unilateral. Aspergillus niger was found to be the most common organism. Clotrimazole was the effective drug for otomycosis and significant responses were seen at the end of the 3rd week of treatment.
Conclusions: Aspergillus niger was the most common organism causing otomycosis and responded well with clotrimazole ear drops.
A rare whistling foreign body bronchus
Authors: Budhiraja Grace , Singh Harsimrat , Harpreet  , Prabhjot  , Goyal Nischai 
Published: September 2023

A case of toy-whistle as foreign body (FB) initially presented in sub-glottic location and later on got transferred to right segmental bronchus after induction of anaesthesia, is discussed. The FB was removed by rigid bronchoscopy. This case is illustrative of the problem inherent in removal of FB from air passages in children. The relevant literature has been reviewed.
Adjuvant platin bazlı tedavi verilen evre ııb-ıııa küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanseri hastalarında adjuvant tedaviye kadar geçen sürenin hastalıksız sağkalıma etkisi
Authors: ÜRÜN Muslih , SEZGİN Yasin , UYSAL Emre 
Published: September 2023

Amaç: küratif cerrahi rezeksiyon geçiren ve adjuvan tedavi verilen küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanseri hastalarında tedaviye kadar geçen sürenin hastalıksız sağ kalımla ilişkisi
Gereç ve yöntemler: Çalışmamıza 2010-2020 yılları arasında küratif cerrahi rezeksiyon geçirmiş adjuvan tedavi alan evre IIB-IIIA hastalar alındı. Tedaviye 6 haftadan önce ve sonra başlayanlar olarak kategorize edilip radyolojik nükse kadar geçen zaman hesaplandı.
Bulgular:Toplam 89 hasta alındı. 52 hastaya tedavş 6 haftadan önce başlanmış 37 hastaya ise 6 haftdan sonra başlamış. Tedaviye 6 haftadan sonra başlanan hastalarda hastalıksız sağ kalım istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derece de daha düşüktü.
Sonuçlar: küratif rezeksiyon uygulanan adjuvan tedavi verilen küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanseri hastalarında tedaviye 6 haftadan sonra başlamak hastalıksız sağ kalımı kısaltmıştır. Tedaviye mümkünse 6 haftadan önce başlanmalıdır
Recent advances in drug substance development – prodrug strategies for enhancing the bioavailability and potency of antiviral nucleosides
Authors: Kutner Andrzej 
Published: September 2023

Bioavailability is a prerequisite for drug activity. In vivo bioavailability (intestinal permeability), linked to drug substance solubility and drug product dissolution, became the basis of Gordon L. Amidon’s Biopharmaceutical Classification System. One method of improving the drug substance’s bioavailability is to modify its structure chemically, leading to increased lipophilicity and the ability to penetrate the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane. These modifications, known as prodrug strategies, involve derivatizing the drug substance by introducing substituents that reduce the hydrophilicity of the molecule. The present mini-review outlines the examples of Christopher McGuigan’s prodrug strategies used to obtain antiviral nucleosides with enhanced bioavailability and activity. These strategies primarily involve forming and optimizing the structure of esters and amino acid esters, phosphoramidates, octadecyl phosphates, and bis-pivaloxymethyl phosphates. The review discusses the optimization of the phosphoramidate prodrug moiety of the SARS-CoV-2 antiviral nucleoside remdesivir in detail. It presents the resulting improvement in bioavailability and antiviral activity. Moreover, it focuses on the modern prodrug strategy as one of the major recent advances in drug substance development. This strategy effectively optimized physicochemical properties and improved the functional activity of the existing drug substances and drug substance candidates for the first time.
Energy efficient smart manufacturing of pharmaceutical solid oral dosage forms
Authors: Dan Ashley , Ramachandran Rohit 
Published: September 2023

Background: The global pharmaceuticals market is a trillion-dollar industry which grows more than 5% annually. However, in comparison to other manufacturing industries (e.g., oil refining, automotive), the pharmaceutical sector lags in manufacturing innovation and automation. In the production of pharmaceutical solid dosage forms, the use of energy utilization as a performance measure of production efficiency has neither been implemented extensively, nor been optimized to maximize efficiency. This study will focus on the development and implementation of a smart manufacturing platform to optimize energy productivity whilst maintaining tablet quality via the consideration of different manufacturing scenarios.
Methods: This study will consider three main unit operations (wet granulation, drying and milling) which are relatively more energy intensive in pharmaceutical downstream processing, used to produce solid dosage forms, such as tablets. Four case-studies will be considered, which are 1: baseline batch, 2: baseline continuous, 3: optimized batch and 4: optimized continuous. Smart manufacturing is implemented to present optimized cases 3: and 4: Improvements in the energy and performance metrics are quantified and compared to the baseline cases.
Results and conclusions: The smart manufacturing platform used in this study, integrates advanced process model development, optimization, technoeconomic analysis and data integration. The utilization of this framework contributed to a ~70% and ~80% improvement in energy utilization in the optimized batch and continuous cases, respectively, when compared to the baseline batch case. In the optimized cases, tablet quality was maintained within targeted specifications and was comparable to the baseline batch case. This smart manufacturing framework can be generalized for drug product manufacturing and other particulate-based industries such as food, agriculture, and fine chemicals.
Nutritional Laboratory Studies Prior to Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Rakutt Maxwell J. , Eason Travis B. , Boyle K. Keely , Buller Leonard T. , Krueger Chad A. , Jacobs Cale A. , Duncan Stephen T. , Landy David C. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Recent emphasis has been placed on nutritional status assessment prior to total knee arthroplasty (TKA), including multiple American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons publications recommending specific laboratory studies; however, the frequency with which surgeons obtain these laboratory studies remains unclear. We sought to assess the incidence of ordering nutritional laboratory studies in the 90 days prior to TKA, utilizing data from a large administrative claims database.

Methods:
With use of the PearlDiver database, we identified 557,670 patients undergoing primary TKA from 2011 to 2020 with a metabolic panel or blood cell count claim within 90 days prior to TKA. We then determined the incidence of prealbumin, transferrin, vitamin D, and zinc laboratory tests claimed 90 days prior to TKA. Associations between claims and the year of surgery, patient demographics, and clinical characteristics were assessed by comparing proportions and chi-square testing.

Results:
Nutritional laboratory studies were infrequently claimed within 90 days prior to TKA, with studies for prealbumin being performed in 2.2% of patients; transferrin, 1.9%; vitamin D, 10.2%; and zinc, 0.2%. From 2011 to 2020, there was a moderate but steady increase in the proportion of patients with claims for prealbumin (change from 0.8% in 2011 to 3.4% in 2020; p < 0.001), transferrin (0.8% to 2.7%; p < 0.001), and vitamin D (7.6% to 9.4%; p < 0.001) laboratory tests but there was less of a change for zinc (0.1% to 0.2%; p < 0.001). There were weak-to-absent associations of age, gender, obesity, diabetes, and anemia with laboratory claims.

Conclusions:
Despite multiple publications and recommendations, nutritional laboratory studies are infrequently ordered prior to TKA. Although there has been a slight increase in the use of nutritional laboratory studies over the past decade, patient factors such as gender and obesity were not associated with this increase. Understanding current practice patterns may help target future areas for improvement.

Level of Evidence:
Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Experimental Study of a One-Step Multifunctional Treatment Fluid for Water-Based Mud Filter-Cake Cleanup
Authors: Hull Katherine L. , Mai Nam , Crane Brady , Saini Rajesh K. , Cairns Amy J. , Chang Fakuen F. 
Published: September 2023

Summary
Filter-cake cleanup following the drilling and completion operation is important for reestablishing communication between the formation and wellbore. A dual-action cleanup system for water-based mud (WBM) was developed to dissolve the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) bridging agent and polymeric materials present in the filter cake. The novel treatment fluid contains a high concentration of nonencapsulated oxidizing salts and delayed acid generating materials and is gelled with a viscoelastic surfactant (VES)-based surfactant. The fluid provides many advantages over traditional fluids as it does not generate any residue on breaking, unlike the traditional polymeric gelling agent. The breakage or reduction in viscosity of this fluid can be accomplished by contact with the produced oil thereby disrupting the micelles. Traditional polymers on the other hand are broken by oxidizers, and if delayed breakage is desired, the breaker needs to be encapsulated. Another benefit of this system is that the VES gelation may enhance uniform filter-cake cleanup in extended reach horizontal sections of the wellbore. The novel fluid system contains a strong oxidizer, namely, sodium bromate (NaBrO3), that activates at temperatures above 160oF causing the breakdown of the polymer contained within the filter cake without affecting the VES surfactant or gelation which helps in mixing the fluid at the surface. Finally, the fluid contains an acid-generating precursor that is neutral at ambient temperature conditions. Once the fluid is heated up in the formation, acid is generated via ammonium oxidation, thereby lowering the viscosity of the gel and dissolving the CaCO3 bridging material. In summary, the fluid that can be prepared on the fly accomplishes multiple functions ranging from controlled gelation to clean break without residue or outside intervention to dissolution and degradation of inorganic and polymeric components.