bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MdVQ12 confers resistance to Valsa mali by regulating MdHDA19 expression in apple
Authors: Han Pengliang , Zhang Ruotong , Li Rui , Li Fudong , Nie Jiajun , Xu Ming , Wang Chengli , Huang Lili 
Published: December 2023

AbstractValine‐glutamine (VQ) motif‐containing proteins play a crucial role in plant biotic stress responses. Apple Valsa canker, caused by the ascomycete Valsa mali, stands as one of the most severe diseases affecting apple trees. Nonetheless, the underlying resistance mechanism of VQ proteins against this disease has remained largely unexplored. This study reports MdVQ12, a VQ motif‐containing protein, as a positive regulator of apple Valsa canker resistance. Genetic transformation experiments demonstrated that MdVQ12 overexpression increased resistance to V. mali, while gene silencing lines exhibited significantly reduced resistance. MdVQ12 interacted with the transcription factor MdWRKY23, which bound to the promoter of the histone deacetylase gene MdHDA19, activating its expression. MdHDA19 enhanced apple resistance to V. mali by participating in the jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) signalling pathways. Additionally, MdVQ12 promoted the transcriptional activity of MdWRKY23 towards MdHDA19. Our findings reveal that MdVQ12 enhances apple resistance to V. mali by regulating MdHDA19 expression and thereby regulating the JA and ET signalling pathways, offering potential candidate gene resources for breeding apple Valsa canker‐resistant germplasm.
Association and mediators between the impact of oral health‐related quality of life and depression
Authors: Xin Tianjiao , Hu Fangfang , Xu Lingzhong , Kong Fanlei , Yang Haifeng , Li Lei , Qin Afei , Bao Binghong , Chen Chiqi , Lan Jing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesOur research intended to explore the association and mediators (perceived social support and sleep quality) between the impact of oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) and depression among Chinese older adults.MethodsA stratified, multi‐stage random sampling approach was used in our study. A total of 3896 older individuals aged 60 years and older were included. Process macro 3.5 for SPSS was utilized for testing mediation hypotheses.ResultsThe mean score of the OHRQoL of the elderly was 3.26 ± 7.15. The correlation coefficient between OHRQoL and depression was 0.25 (p < 0.001). Perceived social support (β = 0.009, 95% CI = 0.006, 0.012) and sleep quality (β = 0.073, 95% CI = 0.074, 0.093) mediated the relationship between OHRQoL and depression, respectively. The association between OHRQoL and depression was mediated sequentially by perceived social support and sleep quality (β = 0.004, 95% CI = 0.002, 0.006).ConclusionsThe participants reported relatively good OHRQoL. OHRQoL and depression showed a significant positive correlation. The relationship between OHRQoL and depression among Chinese seniors was mediated by perceived social support and sleep quality. Both directly and indirectly, OHRQoL can affect depression.
Beyond biventricular pacing: Exploring the advantages of his‐bundle pacing and left bundle branch pacing in heart failure—A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Al Hennawi Hussam , Khan Muhammad Khuzzaim , Khalid Momina , Khalid Hiba , Fatima Laveeza , Ashraf Muhammad Talal , Bhimani Sameer , Pavri Behzad B. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis meta‐analysis compares His‐Purkinje system pacing (HPSP), a novel cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) technique that targets the intrinsic conduction system of the heart, with conventional biventricular pacing (BiVP) in heart failure (HF) patients with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and dyssynchrony.MethodsWe searched multiple databases up to May 2023 and identified 18 studies (five randomized controlled trials and 13 observational studies) involving 1291 patients. The outcome measures were QRS duration, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) improvement, left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter (LVEDD) change, HF hospitalization, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class improvement. We used a random‐effects model to calculate odds ratios (OR), and mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We also assessed the methodological quality of the studies.ResultsThe mean LVEF was 30.7% and the mean follow‐up duration was 8.1 months. Among LBBP, HBP, and BiVP, HBP provided the shortest QRS duration [MD: −18.84 ms, 95% CI: −28.74 to −8.94; p = 0.0002], while LBBP showed the greatest improvement in LVEF [MD: 5.74, 95% CI: 2.74 to 7.46; p < 0.0001], LVEDD [MD: −5.55 mm, 95% CI: −7.51 to −3.59; p < 0.00001], and NYHA functional class [MD: −0.58, 95% CI: −0.80 to −‐0.35; p < 0.00001]. However, there was no significant difference in HF hospitalization between HPSP and BiVP.ConclusionLBBP as modality of HPSP demonstrated superior outcomes in achieving electrical ventricular synchrony and systolic function, as well as alleviating HF symptoms, compared to other pacing techniques.
Analyzing the spatial interactions between rainfall levels and flooding prediction in São Paulo
Authors: Billa Wagner da Silva , Santos Leonardo Bacelar Lima , Negri Rogério Galante 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRainfall is one of the primary triggers for many geological and hydrological natural disasters. While the geological events are related to mass movements in land collapse due to waterlogging, the hydrological ones are usually assigned to runoff or flooding. Studies in the literature propose predicting mass movement events as a function of accumulated rainfall levels recorded at distinct periods. According to these approaches, a two‐dimensional rainfall levels feature space is segmented into the occurrence and non‐occurrence decision regions by an empirical critical curve (CC). Although this scheme may easily be extended to other purposes and applications, studies in the literature need to discuss its use for flooding prediction. In light of this motivation, the present study is unfolded in (1) verifying that defining CCs in the rainfall levels feature space is a practical approach for flooding prediction and (2) analyzing how geospatial components interact with rainfall levels and flooding prediction. A database containing the rainfall levels recorded for flooding and non‐flooding events in São Paulo city, Brazil, regarding the period 2015–2016, was considered in this study. The results indicate good accuracy for flooding prediction using only partial rain, which can be improved by adding physical characteristics of the flooding locations, demonstrating a direct correlation with spatial interactions, and rainfall levels.
Canine distichiasis cryoepilation using a liquid nitrogen‐cooled, closed probe transconjunctival triple‐freeze technique: Outcomes in 125 dogs (234 eyes)
Authors: Verloop Alexander , Read Tony 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo describe a simple cryosurgical technique for treating canine distichiasis, its success rate and any associated complications.MethodsClinical records from canine patients undergoing treatment for distichiasis using a specific cryotherapy technique were retrospectively reviewed. The technique employed a triple freeze–thaw cycle via a transconjunctivally applied, liquid nitrogen‐cooled, 2‐mm diameter closed cryoprobe.ResultsThe cryotherapy technique was employed in 125 dogs with distichiasis over a period of 13 years, with 109 (87%) bilaterally and 16 (13%) unilaterally affected, totaling 234 eyes. The mean age at diagnosis was 1.9 years (4 months to 7.5 years), with Staffordshire bull terriers the most common breed (31%). Treatment was deemed successful if clinical signs related to distichiasis resolved, including blepharospasm, conjunctival hyperemia and excess lacrimation. A single triple‐freeze cryotherapy treatment eliminated distichiae in 195/234 (83%) eyes at a mean follow‐up of 4 months (2 weeks to 10 years). Minor recurrence of distichiae in previously treated regions was observed in 39/234 (17%) eyes. Repeat cryotherapy was required in 25/234 (11%) eyes, with the remaining eyes asymptomatic. The two most common postoperative complications were mild to moderate eyelid swelling in all eyes immediately following surgery and eyelid margin depigmentation in 59/234 eyes (25%) between two and 4 weeks postoperatively, both of which were temporary.ConclusionThis cryotherapy technique for treating canine distichiasis is relatively simple and safe to perform, has a high success rate and a low recorded complication rate, but would benefit from further assessment of any potential detrimental effects on qualitative tear film components.
Subconjunctival autologous muscle‐derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy: A novel, minimally invasive approach for treating equine immune‐mediated keratitis
Authors: Narinx Florine , Sauvage Aurélie , Ceusters Justine , Grulke Sigrid , Serteyn Didier , Monclin Sébastien 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo establish the safety of subconjunctival injections of autologous muscle‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (mdMSCs) in healthy horses and to evaluate their effect in four horses (six eyes) with severe chronic equine immune‐mediated keratitis (IMMK) that was unresponsive to medical treatments.MethodsMdMSCs were cultured from minimally invasive muscle biopsies. In the safety group, four healthy horses received two subconjunctival injections of 2.5 and 5 million cells, respectively, at 1‐month interval, to the same eye. Ocular side effects were monitored for 1 month following each injection. In the treatment group, six eyes received four to seven subconjunctival mdMSCs injections (2.5 or 5 million cells per injection) every 4 weeks, approximatively. Medical treatment was discontinued 1 week before and throughout the entire treatment period. A scoring system was used to assess the evolution of the ocular lesions.ResultsIn the safety group, all horses exhibited mild to moderate chemosis and conjunctival hyperemia at the injection site, lasting 24–48 h. In the treatment group, all eyes initially responded positively to therapy, with a reduction in lesion scores observed after the first injection. Four eyes achieved control of the lesions with repeated injections during the 9.2 months of follow‐up.ConclusionThe first subconjunctival injection of mdMSCs resulted in improvement of the ocular lesions. Repeated injections were found to be safe, minimally invasive and showed promise in managing refractory cases of equine IMMK. Further studies are warranted to demonstrate the long‐term benefits of these injections and to optimize the therapeutic protocol.
Effects of cyanoacrylate on leakage pressures of cooled canine cadaveric jejunal enterotomies
Authors: Thompson Jamie‐Leigh , Miller Lucy , Bowlt Blacklock Kelly 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the intraluminal initial and maximal pressures of enterotomies closed using three different techniques (single‐layer appositional continuous closure; closure with cyanoacrylate; a single‐layer appositional closure augmented with cyanoacrylate) in a cooled canine cadaveric jejunal model and to report the initial leak location in all samples.Study designExperimental, ex‐vivo study.Sample populationGrossly normal chilled small intestine segments from three canine cadavers.MethodsA total of 45 chilled jejunal segments (n = 15 segments/group) were assigned to a handsewn group (HSE), a cyanoacrylate only group (CE) and a handsewn and cyanoacrylate group (HS + CE). A 2 cm antimesenteric enterotomy was performed and closure with one of the above techniques. Initial leakage pressures (ILP), maximal intraluminal pressures (MIP) and initial leakage location were recorded by a single observer.ResultsHandsewn enterotomies leaked at higher ILP when augmented with cyanoacrylate (83.3 ± 4.6 mmHg, p < .001) compared to both the HSE group (43.8 ± 5.3 mmHg) and the CE group (18.6 ± 3.5 mmHg). Those sealed with cyanoacrylate only leaked at a lower MIP compared with the other groups (p < .001). Maximal intraluminal pressures did not differ between handsewn enterotomies, whether augmented or not (p = .19).ConclusionReinforcement of a sutured enterotomy closure with cyanoacrylate was easy to perform and resulted in significantly increased initial leak pressures in cadaveric jejunum.Clinical significanceThe increased leakage pressures achieved by reinforcing enterotomies with cyanoacrylate could consequently reduce the incidence of postoperative intestinal leakage following an enterotomy and may result in reduced patient morbidity or mortality.
Influence of oblique proximal ulnar osteotomy on humeral intracondylar fissures in 35 spaniel breed dogs
Authors: Danielski Alan , Quinonero Reinaldos Ignacio , Solano Miguel Angel , Fatone Gerardo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effects of oblique proximal ulnar osteotomy (PUO) on the healing of humeral intracondylar fissure (HIF) in spaniel breed dogs.Study DesignClinical retrospective study.Sample PopulationA total of 51 elbows from 35 spaniel dogs.MethodsAn oblique PUO was performed in dogs diagnosed with HIF. The degree of healing of HIF was subjectively and objectively assessed on preoperative and long‐term follow‐up CT imaging. Objective assessment was performed by measuring the bone density in Hounsfield units (HU) of a rectangular region of interest (ROI) encompassing the entire hypoattenuated humeral fissure. Major and minor complications were recorded.ResultsA total of 24 partial and 27 complete HIFs were diagnosed. The follow‐up CT scan was performed at a median 18.5 months (range 10–49 months). Subjective assessment confirmed partial or complete healing of the HIF in 41 elbows (80.3%). Objective assessment confirmed a difference in mean HU of the HIF's ROI between preoperative (HU 640) and last follow‐up CT images (HU 835) (p = .001). Young dogs (<14 months) had the highest increase in HU of the HIF's ROI. Major complications occurred in five dogs (6 limbs) of which four were related to the lack of healing of the fissure (7.8%).ConclusionOblique PUO resulted in partial or complete healing of HIF and pain resolution in the majority of dogs.Clinical SignificanceThis study introduces an innovative approach to achieve healing of the HIF in the dog, which may help reduce the high complication rate traditionally associated with the use of transcondylar screws.
Analysis of the Suitability of an Effective Viscosity to Represent Interactions Between Red Blood Cells in Shear Flow
Authors: Rydquist Grant , Esmaily Mahdi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Many methods to computationally predict red blood cell damage have been introduced, and among these are Lagrangian methods that track the cells along their pathlines. Such methods typically do not explicitly include cell–cell interactions. Due to the high volume fraction of red blood cells (RBCs) in blood, these interactions could impact cell mechanics and thus the amount of damage caused by the flow. To investigate this question, cell-resolved simulations of red blood cells in shear flow were performed for multiple interacting cells, as well as for single cells in unbounded flow at an effective viscosity. Simulations run without adjusting the bulk viscosity produced larger errors unilaterally and were not considered further for comparison. We show that a periodic box containing at least 8 cells and a spherical harmonic of degree larger than 10 are necessary to produce converged higher-order statistics. The maximum difference between the single-cell and multiple-cell cases in terms of peak strain was 3.7%. To achieve this, one must use the whole blood viscosity and average over multiple cell orientations when adopting a single-cell simulation approach. The differences between the models in terms of average strain were slightly larger (maximum difference of 6.9%). However, given the accuracy of the single-cell approach in predicting the maximum strain, which is useful in hemolysis prediction, and its computational cost that is orders of magnitude less than the multiple-cell approach, one may use it as an affordable cell-resolved approach for hemolysis prediction.
Evaluating Pelvis Response During Simulated Underbody Blast Loading
Authors: Pandelani Thanyani , Carpanen Diagarajen , Masouros Spyros D. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In recent conflicts, blast injury from landmines and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) has been the main mechanism of wounding and death. When a landmine or IED detonates under a vehicle (an under-body blast), the seat acceleration rapidly transmits a high load to the pelvis of the occupants, resulting in torso and pelvic injury. Pelvic fractures have high mortality rates, yet their injury mechanism has been poorly researched. Three (3) fresh-frozen male pelvic specimens were tested under axial impact loading. The pelvis was impacted mounted upside down by dropping a 12 kg mass at target impact velocities ranging from 1 to 8.6 m/s with time to peak velocity ranging from 3.8 to 5.8 ms. Resulting fractures were broadly categorized as involving a bilateral pubis rami fracture, a bilateral ischium fracture, and sacroiliac joint disruption. The study provides insights into the type and severity of pelvic injury that may occur over a range of under-body blast (UBB)-relevant loading profiles.
Boiling Heat Transfer Performance of Pure Water on Binary Oxide-Based Nanoparticles Coatings
Authors: Kumar Nitish , Ghosh Pradyumna , Shukla P. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Pool boiling heat transfer performance has been evaluated on a binary oxide based nanoparticles coated surface. Electrophoretic deposition techniques were used for TiO2 and Al2O3 nanoparticles coatings on polished copper substrates. Four different surfaces have been prepared by varying the deposition time 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 min which are referred to in the text as coated surface (CS)#1, CS#2, CS#3, and CS#4, respectively. The surface characteristics like surface roughness, morphology, and wettability have changed after the coating. It has been observed that all the deposited surfaces are hydrophobic, whereas polished copper surfaces are hydrophilic by nature. The boiling heat transfer performance of surface CS#2 is superior to the other three surfaces, while CS#4 is the worst. The highest enhancement in boiling heat transfer coefficient (BHTC) observed for CS#2 is 62.3%, corresponding to a heat flux of ∼220 kW/m2. The coating layer thickness was also observed to be an important parameter, apart from surface roughness, wettability, and morphology, which may be a cause for heat transfer deterioration, if it crosses a limiting value. In this study the limiting value of coating layer thickness discovered ∼15 μm experimentally.
Public–Private Partnering in Nuclear Reactor Development—Historical Review and Implications for Today
Authors: Krahn Steven , Sowder Andrew 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The dominant nuclear reactor technologies that comprise the current global operating fleet were developed and deployed over a relatively short, midtwentieth century, period spanning the 1950s and 60 s. Four of these technologies were deployed at fleet scales and commercially exported. The historical record indicates a remarkably consistent process of phased technology development that enabled the commercialization of designs that would define the global nuclear marketplace, beginning with research and development (R&D) and advancing through test reactors, small and large demonstration reactors, and first commercial-scale units. Following proof-of-principle R&D, historical commercialization lead times (from decision to construction of a demonstration reactor to first commercial launch) ranged from 12 to16 years for these four commercial technologies. Key factors contributing to successful commercialization included durable government support for early R&D and varying degrees of public–private partnering through commercial launch. This partnering included arrangements for technical support, siting, facility ownership, nuclear material provision, and cost sharing. The policy environment was characterized by unambiguous government support; stabile, effective and informed government program management and oversight; and flexibility in the public–private partnership arrangements to promote technology development and demonstration. Government advocacy was structured to support progressively increasing industry independence and self-sufficiency. This experience is documented and analyzed in this paper to provide salient lessons and example program elements for contemporary efforts to stimulate development and commercialization of a new generation of advanced nuclear technologies through collaboration and public–private partnerships.
The effect of shear wave elastography in the diagnosis of delaminated partial-thickness rotator cuff tears
Authors: Li Ruochen , Xue Han , Zhu Zheyue , Wu Guangwei , Cui Yipeng , Zhang Chen , Li Miao 
Published: December 2023

Aim: To assess the effectiveness of shear wave elastography (SWE) in diagnosing delaminated partial-thickness rotator cuff tears (DPT-RCT).Material and methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 137 patients with DPT-RCT. The study included complete clinical data, including the images of conventional ultrasound (US), SWE, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and shoulder arthroscopic surgery. The features of US, SWE, and MRI were evaluated. The study analysed the Shear-Wave Velocity (SWV) among three types of DPT-RCT, and between the regions of tears, normal contralateral, and affected unilateral supraspinatus tendon. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were evaluated.Results: The SWE detection rate was significantly higher (91.2%) compared to US (73.7%) and MRI (87.6%) for the overall diagnosis of DPT-RCT. Similarly, SWE yielded higher rates of detection for types 1 (89.5%) and 2 (92.3%) of DPT-RCT as compared to US (71.7%, 69.2%) and MRI (81.6%, 94.9%), respectively. However, there was no significant difference in the accuracy of diagnosing type 3 among the three methods. The SWV of the 137 supraspinatus tendon tears was 3.64±0.60 m/s, which was higher than that of the normal supraspinatus tendon (2.43±0.47 m/s, p<0.01) as well as the region of tears (1.61±0.54 m/s, p<0.01). Nevertheless, there was no significant difference in SWV among the three types of DPT-RCT. The cutoff thresholds of SWV for identifying normal tendon from DPT-RCT and for identifying DPT-RCT from the region of tears were 2.96m/s and 2.39m/s, respectively.Conclusions: SWE with SWV can provide both quantitative and qualitative diagnostic information for DPT-RCT, which can be used as a crucial supplement imaging method.
Comments and illustrations of the WFUMB CEUS liver guidelines: Rare malignant hematological liver lesions
Authors: Safai Zadeh Ehsan , Görg Christian , Huber Katharina Paulina , Dirks Klaus , Jenssen Christian , Lim Adrian , Möller Kathleen , Götzberger Manuela , Dong Yi , Cui Xin Wu , Fetzer David T. , Klinger Christoph , Clevert Dirk Andre , Dietrich Christoph F. 
Published: December 2023

Diagnosing rare hematological malignancies in the liver is often challenging owing to their infrequency, and confirmation generally necessitates histological examination. Due to the rarity of these lesions, there are limited data concerning their appearance on ultrasound and, specifically, contrast-enhanced ultrasound. In this review, we describe the pathological and ultrasound features of several hematological malignant liver lesions, including lymphoma of the liver and chloroma. Furthermore, two specific forms of liver lymphoma are described: mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma andplasmacytoma of the liver.