bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Quantum Revolution
Authors: Banchetti-Robino Marina Paola , Villani Giovanni 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter explains the difference between a classical mechanical and a quantum description. Two discoveries completely changed atomism in the late 19th century: radioactivity and the electron. Radioactivity revolutionized two of the main concepts of chemistry—the element and the atom—and the electron removed the atom from the role of elementary particle and introduced the need for atomic models. Here we will show which characteristics of the Greek atom have been preserved and which have been modified in today’s atomic vision. Quantum mechanics also substantially changed the other essential element of classical atomism: the vacuum. By modifying the concept of atom, quantum mechanics has also given a less modeling sense to the concept of chemical bond. This was the first step of a new branch of chemistry—quantum chemistry, that is, the application of quantum mechanics to molecules.
Was Russia Prepared?
Authors: Rosenberg William G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An underlying question at the beginning of the revolutionary period was whether Russia was prepared to wage a modern war. Using the anthropologist Karl Polanyi’s conceptualization of economies embedded in social and cultural processes, this chapter ties the underdevelopment of Russia’s market economy to the cultures and inefficiencies of agrarian production as well as the industrial fault lines of economic mobilization. The problematic role of railroad transport in distributing scarce goods is also introduced, along with the problems of Russian state finance. Polanyi’s concept of “economistic fallacy” is deployed to emphasize the inherent misrepresentations of statistical aggregations that homogenize significant diversities of economic sectors and regions. Similarly, the statistics of loss in battles or other violent events obscure the effects of their often catastrophic emotional effects. Particular attention is paid here to the experience of wounded soldiers in the absence of medicine, medical personnel, and adequate hospital trains.
“Responsible Men in Whom the Country Has Confidence”
Authors: Rosenberg William G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
February brought democratic liberals and socialists to power but demonstrated that different forms of power were located in quite different places. “Responsible men” were formally installed in state and local offices, democratic socialists in the new soviets. Both acted out their own vision of how revolutionary change might transform Russia into a modern European power. Dual power thus reflected competing solutions to the problems of scarcity and loss as well as different forms of power itself, the first through the institutionalization and protection of civil liberties and private property, the second through the mobilization of workers, soldiers, and peasants. Both also reified social identities and restructured the foundations of political legitimacy in a context of intensified expectations for betterment. Meanwhile, readings of soldiers’ “moods” suggest that continuing the war in the face of a near universal longing for peace amplified the material and emotional effects of loss even without what was soon to be a concerted Bolshevik intervention.
Addressing Scarcity, Confronting Loss
Authors: Rosenberg William G. , Rosenberg William G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The condensed historical time between February and October is largely described by the three principal “Great Stories” in terms of its key political moments: the April Crisis over war aims, formation of the first coalition, the Kerensky offensive, the liberals’ resignation from the government, the July Uprising, the socialist second coalition, General Kornilov’s attempted march on Petrograd, and the Bolshevik seizure of power. This chapter argues that it must also be seen as a series of efforts designed first and foremost to increase food supplies, democratize industrial management and transport, control inflation, and resolve the mounting financial crisis. Not surprisingly, very different mindsets and historical imaginations brought conflict over how to give new meaning to the war, as well as how to best manage revolutionary changes from above and below and save revolutionary Russia from being captured by Lenin’s Bolsheviks or overrun by the Germans.
Circumstance, Ideology, and Bolshevik Power
Authors: Rosenberg William G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Was there any likelihood that Bolsheviks could better confront the complex problems of scarcity and loss than previous regimes had? This chapter posits their determinant effects after October as the realities Lenin’s ideologized rhetoric and governance had to confront, suggesting they exposed the limits of Bolshevik power. In this regard, the political slogan “Land, Peace, and Bread” was a metaphor of hope. Bolsheviks also needed peasants to give up more grain, workers to stay at their jobs, and railroads to function more efficiently, while the “nationalization” of factories from below pushed the tasks of financing wages and production into the regime’s inexperienced hands. Even the expected effects of demobilization proved illusory when a clear path opened for the Germans to overthrow the regime. Against the currents of “still starving” workers and increasingly resistant peasants the chapter argues that circumstance complemented ideology in making force and dictatorship the primary forms of Bolshevik power.
“Our Lives Have Become Unbearable!”
Authors: Rosenberg William G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
How did Bolsheviks confront the worsening socioeconomic problems after shutting down the Constituent Assembly in January 1918 as anti-Bolshevik forces began to coalesce in Siberia, Ukraine, and South Russia? Once again, effective solutions had to be conceived and carried out. And once again, a revolutionary regime as well as its growing White enemies were unable to do so. Concealment was soon “normalized.” So were black markets and corruption. Claims of “extreme need” now suggested political disloyalty, justifying marauding, brutal confiscations, and lethal animosities, especially in the Whites’ case against Jews. As peasants deserted both Reds and Whites and retreated into the relative securities of their own well-armed villages, both sides in effect lost the hunger wars. Despite the Bolsheviks’ ultimate success in defeating their enemies, all of this was still preamble to the great violence, new losses, and manifest failures of what was soon to be labeled “war communism.”
Mexico City’s Ambivalent Spatial Mestizaje
Authors: Reynoso Jose Luis 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines diverse dance, theater, and quotidian movement practices from the Mexican independence (1821) to the Porfiriato (1876–1911). While emphasizing the relationship between space and bodies, the chapter foregrounds two concepts: spatial mestizaje and ambivalence toward mestizaje and indigeneity. Spatial mestizaje signals how local and foreign bodies of different social classes, gender expressions, and racial backgrounds negotiated neo/colonial influences as they moved within different social spaces (prestigious theaters, low-reputation venues, exclusive streets, and private homes). These bodies in motion transformed Mexico City’s spatiality into a mestizo social kinesphere. By analyzing Porfirian ambivalence toward mestizaje and indigeneity as part of colonial legacies of racialization, the chapter accounts for performative manifestations of the colonial desire to be white as a means to attaining higher social status. It illuminates how diverse bodies in motion participated in constructing post/colonial Mexico as a modern nation and Mexico City as its cosmopolitan capital.
Canonical Status of the Tantras
Authors: Gray David B. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The fourth chapter focuses on the canonical status of the tantras. It begins with an overview of the different types of tantric literature, followed by a discussion of the concentric organization of tantric literature, which centers on “root tantras” from which radiate exegetical literature and ritual manuals. It introduces the various attempts to classify this literature, with the distinction between “outer” ritual and “inner” contemplative practices one of the central organizing principles. The chapter also overviews the organization of tantric literature into canons in Tibet and East Asia, and it discusses how this sheds light on how this literature was understood by the communities that preserved it.
The Warren Cycle
Authors: Laycock Joseph P. , Harrelson Eric 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines the lives and careers of Ed and Lorraine Warren, as well as the cinematic depictions of their cases. The chapter begins with a biography of the Warrens assembled using their own writings, archival materials, and interviews with the authors and paranormal investigators who met them. There is evidence that the Warrens began to emphasize their roles as “demonologists,” rather than ghost investigators, in the 1970s in response to The Exorcist. The rest of the chapter reviews their cases in chronological order while discussing any films inspired by the cases. Cases discussed include the legend of the demon-possessed “Annabelle” doll, the haunting of the Perron family that became the basis of The Conjuring, the Amityville Horror case in Long Island, and the so-called “demon-murder trial” of Arne Johnson.
Setting Rules from Old Regime to Midcentury
Authors: Troyansky David G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The chapter explores rulemaking for retirement. It describes Old Regime precedents, taking individual cases from the military and the magistracy. It traces the history of legislation from Revolution to Restoration and the consequent structuring of a system that rewarded public contributions, set standard requirements of sixty years of age and thirty years of service, publicized heroism, and normalized honor. Particularly important are the ordonnances of 1814 and 1815 and their aftermath in the building of bureaucratic structures, the debate on forced retirement in 1824 and the 1850s, and the conflict between life tenure (inamovibilité) and the removal of the superannuated. Among its most important sources are internal bureaucratic paperwork and parliamentary debates over the wisdom of challenging life tenure.
Changing Content and Expectations
Authors: Troyansky David G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The chapter charts themes (age, career, right, honor, politics, favor, need, infirmity, family) raised in pension demands across the first half of the nineteenth century. It explores change and continuity in first-person accounts drawn from six departments of France across three periods: 1814–15, 1816–29, and 1830–49. It samples the language magistrates deployed, revealing their stated expectations as well as their ability to complain and self-dramatize. Favor or a right to favor and discussion of family and politics gave way to simple assertions of an earned right and thorough documentation as the system became more bureaucratic, while ministerial responses grew more automatic. Dramatic narratives and pleas for justice, including memories of political decisions, claims of victimization, and comparisons with colleagues, gave way to routinized correspondence and procedures. Magistrates presented themselves as public servants or fonctionnaires responsible for the running of the state.
Introduction to Social Work, White Supremacy, and Racial Justice
Authors: Abrams Laura S. , Crewe Sandra Edmonds , Dettlaff Alan J. , Williams James Herbert 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this chapter, we present the rationale and overview for this book project. We first situate this volume in the literature and theory that precede this project, including the core tension of social work being both a helping profession and a source of racial oppression. Next, we provide the readership with an overview of the four main components of the book. We end this chapter we with suggestions on how to use this book for future teaching and scholarship.
Gentrification and the History of Power and Oppression of Older African Americans in Washington, DC
Authors: Cosby Robert L. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines gentrification and the history of power and wealth that impacts and oppresses older African Americans in Washington, DC. African Americans have been displaced as neighborhoods have changed and more affluent residents have supplanted them. Older African Americans have shared their narratives with social workers about how gentrification impacts their lives. Their stories reveal links to gentrification, generational wealth, and the denial of wealth. The goals of this chapter include examining some of the historical facets of gentrification and the links to generational wealth; revealing how some historical foundation points of racism have been woven through government housing policies at the local, state, and federal levels to advantage one group; and showing how the complexity of related power oppresses and compounds social isolation. These issues negatively impact older African Americans and their families, destroying culture and economic opportunity.
Displacing a Community, Professionalizing a Practice
Authors: Chatterjee Alicia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In 1912, the state of Maine forcibly removed a small, mixed-race community of Black, Indigenous, Portuguese, and White islanders that had been cultivated for well over half of a century on Malaga Island. The eviction of the entire island population, which saw homes destroyed and cemeteries unearthed, was fueled by fear-driven narratives of the pathological immorality of Malaga residents’ interracial relationships and women-led families, “pauperism,” and state dependence. Although sensational at the time, the history of Malaga Island is obscure outside of the region and its implications for social work remain understudied. This chapter examines how missionizing social reformers’ involvement on the island was rooted in logics of White supremacy, providing an early example of the coupling of race and pathology in nascent social work thought and practice, which has continued to harm people of color under the tangled pretense of helping them.
Mothers Who Receive Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
Authors: Toft Jessica 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines the historical and contemporary citizenship embodiment for African American mother recipients of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). Racialized constructions of mothers have been a central factor in the development and disbursement of U.S. public assistance policy. The chapter applies the citizenship framework of T. H. Marshall and Thomas Janoski including civil, political, social, and economic rights. Evidence is examined from a variety of sources: legal jurisprudence, policy provisions, state administrative rules, political discourse, social work professional and street-level bureaucratic practices, and impacts on TANF’s targeted citizens. In this manner, the extent of citizenship experienced under conditions and rules of white supremacy—and social work’s historic and current engagement in these practices—is interrogated. Furthermore, the ways in which White supremacy has infiltrated what are often considered protections of citizens and civil society, from legal and policy structures to professional practice, are interrogated.
Becoming Antiracist Social Workers
Authors: Malcome Marion L. , Holmberg Brit 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter is a first-person narrative of a ten-year journey of two clinical social workers addressing racism from within the mental health community in Chicago, Illinois. First, the chapter emphasizes the importance of place and context in confronting racism in the profession. Then, it considers why mental health care is a unique site for the perpetuation or eradication of racist ideas and the critical role of social workers in these spaces. Then it reflects on the initial development and growth of the authors’ training, “Becoming an Antiracist Social Worker,” which has now been offered to an estimated 1,000 mental health providers and several organizations. The chapter discusses how the authors’ positionalities, lived experiences, and relationship as a Black woman and White male have both informed and strengthened their approach and strategies to addressing racism from within social work. This narrative will identify best practices, pitfalls, and ethical considerations to widen the social work lens for envisioning and actualizing an antiracist profession.
Keeping It 100
Authors: Aquino-Adriatico Gabrielle 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
How can you keep it 100 and combat racism in social work education? This chapter discusses how a group called Keeping It 100, led by female social workers of color, created safe spaces for women of color graduate social work students during the COVID-19 pandemic. These spaces eventually became collective healing spaces where female social work students of color were able to be their authentic selves. This chapter discusses the background of Keeping It 100 and the frameworks that guide their work and shares the innovative ways Keeping It 100 combats racism in social work education. The chapter ends with lessons learned and provides calls to action so that social change can be collectively made in social work education.
Imagining a New World Through Afrofuturism
Authors: Dove Lakindra Mitchell 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores future implications for social work practice through the lens of Afrofuturism as a framework that has been gaining attention within the field of social work. Some of the discourse regarding racism in America perpetuates divisiveness and is deeply rooted in historical, colonial, and traumatic interactions between Black and White people, perpetuating an us-versus-them perspective that is circular and centers White supremacy. A shift in how racism is discussed is warranted, one that centers the voices of Black people from a liberatory and strengths-based perspective rather than an oppressive point of view. This chapter attempts to offer an alternative perspective that is not focused on dismantling racism but rather on creating something anew, a world where racism and its lingering effects do not exist, and imagining a society in which Black people experience true liberation.
Beyond Reimagining Black Lives
Authors: Harden Troy , Eigler Cindy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Reimagining programming, including social programs that address public safety and education, has become a central focus of well-meaning practitioners after the death of George Floyd at the hands of Minneapolis police officer Derick Chauvin. However, without dismantling the gaze and influence of White supremacy, it fails to center the lived reality, inherent wisdom, memories, hopes, and dreams of the people that social work seeks to partner with. Drawing upon the experiences of activists, practitioners, scholars, and those most impacted by state-sanctioned violence, survivors of police torture, this chapter seeks to move “beyond reimagining” to consider a world that does not need the systems that have been produced by racism that contain, marginalize, and disrupt, and instead, cocreate a future that honors dignity, humanity, creativity, and community.
The Role of Social Workers in Transforming the American Educational System as a Means to Carceral Abolition
Authors: Hill Alizé B. , Washington Durrell Malik , Harper Toyan , Kern Lester J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter highlights the racist entwinement of the education and prison system and provides specific recommendations for an antiracist future. A critical review of literature on the intersection of the educational system, prison abolition, and social work reveals several lessons. First, the education system and the prison industrial complex are inextricably linked, which means efforts to abolish the prison system must simultaneously work to transform the education system. Second, social work and abolitionist principles align if they are true to their ideologies, suggesting a need for coalescence. Lastly, the unique roles social workers play between systems and across the life course, coupled with a commitment to antioppressive practices, perfectly position social workers to lead educational system transformation and prison abolition efforts. Social workers must intentionally work toward transforming the education system, abolishing the prison system, and rejecting roles that do not align with the profession’s core values.
The Subjection and Spectacle of Social Work
Authors: Rangel Michael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Social work has been an integral part of the carceral state in utilizing power, control, and discipline in service to others. The societal problems social work so diligently works to end persist, because there has been no investigation to interrogate and transform the field from within. Recently, social workers have been prompted to collaborate with—or even replace—police, but social workers’ engagement in punitive and disciplinary practices has only deepened the relationship between the two. This chapter argues that American professional social work has complicitly created, sustained, and expanded the carceral state. Incorporating critical theory, cultural studies, and feminist methodologies, this chapter promotes an engagement beyond current understanding of knowledge production and philosophies of care, sociality, and carcerality. Social work must build, imagine, and actualize the abolishment of the carceral state to then root the profession in a fabrication of an entirely different social work/ing.
Riotous Research
Authors: Nelson Anna , Kew Kristin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter discusses a critical photovoice study that was conducted at a school of social work in a Hispanic-serving institution. This photovoice engaged master’s-seeking Black, Indigenous, and students of color (BISOC) studying social work in the U.S. Southwest. The photovoice apprehended BISOC’s experiences of racism and collective trauma and affirmed BISOC’s cultural capital as promotive of their academic persistence and protective against collective trauma. A counter-narrative of BISOC’s academic persistence was bolstered by ganas, ethnic consciousness and perseverant wealth, Native resilience, and nation-building. The chapter explores how critical trauma theory provides an anti-racist framework to promote BISOC cultural capital, sense of mattering, and persistence while dismantling racism in social work education and practice.
Wreckonomics
Authors: Andersson Ruben , Keen David 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Wreckonomics examines the Cold War, the “war on terror,” the “fight against illegal migration,” and the “war on drugs and crime” through political systems analysis. The book argues that these various “wars” and “fights” have frequently been damaging and even counterproductive—not least because they have been extensively “gamed” by those with varied purposes in mind. It also considers the costs of “laissez faire” and “lockdown” during the COVID-19 pandemic. We suggest that even as success has been loudly proclaimed in various interventions and evidence has been marshaled to support this claim, it is very often precisely the belligerent response that is doing most to fuel the problem. The book argues for a better appreciation of the true costs and benefits of these various wars and fights—and in particular of the way that costs have been unfairly and unevenly distributed. If the habit of fixation and gaming can be set aside, space can be created for the kind of dissent and political dialogue that helps to build alternative coalitions around a proper appreciation of costs.