bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Streptococcus bovis septic shock due to contaminated transfused platelets
Authors: Chang Andrew H. , Kirsch Carl M. , Mobashery Niloufar , Johnson Nancy , Levitt Lee J. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractAlthough most physicians and the public are primarily concerned about the risk of transmitting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis virus during a platelet transfusion, bacterial contamination is actually the most common infectious complication. Unlike red blood cells, platelets are stored at room temperature (20–24°C), which raises the risk of bacterial proliferation. The risk of bacterial sepsis is 2.5‐fold higher for each unit of transfused platelets compared to each unit of red blood cells. We report an unusual case of Streptococcus bovis septic shock associated with a contaminated platelet transfusion. Am. J. Hematol. 77:282–286, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rituximab for refractory Evans syndrome and other immune‐mediated hematologic diseases
Authors: Mantadakis Elpis , Danilatou Vassiliki , Stiakaki Eftichia , Kalmanti Maria 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe authors describe a 21‐year‐old man with long‐lasting Evans syndrome refractory to corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents; the patient responded to four weekly infusions of rituximab. The patient relapsed with thrombocytopenia 7 months post‐therapy and was successfully re‐treated with two weekly doses of the same monoclonal antibody. He remains in remission for 7‐plus months after the second treatment. Therapy was well tolerated, and no infectious complications occurred, despite avoiding administration of prophylactic gammaglobulin. Rituximab appears safe and modestly effective in a variety of immune‐mediated hematologic diseases, including autoimmune hemolytic anemia, chronic immune thrombocytopenia, Evans syndrome, pure red cell aplasia, mixed type II cryoglobulinemia, cold agglutinin disease, and Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. However, as most of the published literature consists of case reports and small case series, international collaboration is essential in order to better define the efficacy and safety of this agent in children and adults with hematologic diseases. Am. J. Hematol. 77:303–310, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Morbidity and mortality of deep sedation in outpatient bone marrow biopsy
Authors: Burkle Christopher M. , Harrison Barry A. , Koenig Lisa F. , Decker Paul A. , Warner David O. , Gastineau Dennis A. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractDeep sedation is being provided at an increasing rate for patients undergoing bone marrow biopsy and aspiration (BMBA). The aim of this study was to establish the safety of deep sedation used for adults undergoing BMBA. A nonrandomized database analysis and retrospective review of patient records from January 1997 to December 2000 was performed; 5,811 patients were identified as having undergone their first outpatient BMBA. Outcome measures included 30‐day mortality and same‐day hospital admission; surrogate measures included need for a surgical procedure or receipt of red blood cells within the 48 hr following the BMBA. Patients who received intravenously administered midazolam, fentanyl, and propofol for maintenance of deep sedation plus infiltration of a local anesthetic (n = 2,604; 45%) comprised the deep sedation group; those who received infiltration of a local anesthetic but no intravenous sedation or analgesia (n = 3,207; 55%) comprised the local anesthesia group. Patients in the deep sedation group compared to those in the local anesthesia group were less likely to die within 30 days (0.69% vs. 1.34%, P = 0.018) and less likely to receive red blood cells (1.27% vs. 2.25%, P = 0.006). No other differences between the groups were found. Although the study was retrospective and nonrandomized, the results suggest that the use of deep sedation for outpatient BMBA is as safe as using local anesthesia. Am. J. Hematol. 77:250–256, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Serum ionized magnesium levels and ionized calcium‐to‐magnesium ratios in adult patients with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Zehtabchi Shahriar , Sinert Richard , Rinnert Stephan , Chang Betty , Heinis Christian , Altura Rachel A. , Altura Bella T. , Altura Burton M. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractLow levels of total magnesium in sickle cell erythrocytes have been linked to increased sickling due to cell dehydration. We tested the null hypothesis that adult sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients have the same serum level of ionized Mg (Mg2+) and Ca2+/Mg2+ ratio as healthy African Americans (AA) and healthy Caucasians (CAUC). We measured serum Mg2+ and ionized calcium (Ca2+) with ion‐selective electrodes and calculated the serum Ca2+/Mg2+ ratios in patients with SCA and control groups (AA and CAUC). Seventy‐four SCA patients and 61 controls were compared. SCA patients had significantly (P < 0.001) lower levels of serum Mg2+ (0.52 ± 0.05) compared to healthy AA (0.57 ± 0.04) and CAUC (0.62 ± 0.03). Eighty‐six percent of the adult SCA patients had serum Mg2+ levels below the mean for the AA group, and 96% of SCA patients were above the AA group's mean serum Ca2+/Mg2+. Of the SCA patients studied, 25.6% (95% CI, 16.2–37.2%) had serum Mg2+ levels below the racially adjusted lower limit of normal and 50% (95% CI, 38.1–61.9%) were above the upper limit of serum Ca2+/Mg2+ for AA controls. By measuring serum Mg2+ and Ca2+, we were able to define a subset of SCA patients with hypomagnesemia and elevated Ca2+/Mg2+ ratios, who may benefit from magnesium supplementation. Am. J. Hematol. 77:215–222, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rapid irreversible encephalopathy associated with anti‐D immune globulin treatment for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Christopher Kenneth , Horkan Clare , Barb Ilie T. , Arbelaez Christian , Hodgdon Travis A. , Yodice Paul C. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractIntravenous Rho (D) immune globulin (IV RhIG, WinRho SDF) has been shown to be a safe treatment for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Common side effects of IV RhIG include mild hemolysis, febrile reaction, and headache. Significant hemolysis with renal impairment following IV RhIG has been reported. We report a case of irreversible encephalopathy 48 hr following an infusion of IV RhIG for treatment of ITP. Am. J. Hematol. 77:299–302, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immature granulocyte fraction in the peripheral blood is a practical indicator for mobilization of CD34+ cells
Authors: Endo‐Matsubara Mari , Ogawa Seishi , Sasaki Ko , Takahashi Tsuyoshi , Chiba Shigeru , Hirai Hisamaru 
Published: October 2004

AbstractWe propose a simple parameter that improves prediction of the number of CD34+ cells in blood cells collected by apheresis for autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation following administration of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor. The percentage of immature granulocytes including myeloblasts, promyelocytes, myelocytes, and metamyelocytes (LSI for left‐shift index) immediately prior to the start of each apheresis correlated with the number of CD34+ cells in PBSC collections (r = 0.79, P < 0.0001, Y = 0.227X − 0.99, R2 = 0.623) much better than did the white blood cell count (r = 0.07), currently the most commonly used predictor in deciding the initiation of apheresis. We then used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to determine a cutoff point for LSI to prevent unnecessary apheresis. At LSI > 7.5, sensitivity and specificity of cutoff points in the probability of obtaining >1.0 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg BW were 93.3% and 94.3% (95% CI, 91.4–100.0%), respectively. When LSI reaches 15.25, nearly 100% of apheresis will attain the target CD34+ cell dose. These findings indicate that LSI is a useful and simple method for predicting the yield of CD34+ cells before the start of PBSC collection and avoiding unnecessary apheresis. Am. J. Hematol. 77:223–228, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Management of patients with systemic mastocytosis: Review of M. D. Anderson Cancer Center experience
Authors: Hennessy Bryan , Giles Francis , Cortes Jorge , O'Brien Susan , Ferrajoli Alessandra , Ossa Gladys , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Faderl Stefan , Kantarjian Hagop , Verstovsek Srdan 
Published: October 2004

AbstractMastocytosis is characterized by mast cell proliferation that may be limited to the skin (cutaneous mastocytosis) or may involve one or more extracutaneous organs, e.g., the bone marrow (systemic mastocytosis; SM). This study objective is to evaluate the features and outcome of patients referred to M. D. Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) with SM. A search of the MDACC database from 1944 to 2002 was conducted for patients with SM and review of their clinical charts. Eighteen patients with mastocytosis were identified in the MDACC database; 15 (11 males and 4 females) had SM and available information. Two had associated myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and one had acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The median age was 58 years (range 31–80). Nine patients were treated with subcutaneous interferon‐alpha, and only 1 experienced temporary control of the disease. Three of these patients were then treated with imatinib mesylate: transient improvement was noted in two patients. One patient underwent stem cell transplantation as first therapy and achieved complete remission; this patient had associated MDS and is now in complete remission for 8 years. The patient with associated AML was treated with high‐dose cytarabine and idarubicin; he has been in complete remission for 16 months. One patient was treated with induction chemotherapy consisting of high‐dose cytarabine and 2CDA but expired due to sepsis. Three patients received symptomatic therapy only; these were the only 3 patients who presented with normal blood counts. SM is rare and has no effective standard of care. Collaboration among academic centers to accrue enough patients to evaluate novel therapeutic strategies is needed. Am. J. Hematol. 77:209–214, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Catch‐up reproductive maturation in rural Tonga girls, Zambia?
Authors: Gillett‐Netting Rhonda , Meloy Melissa , Campbell Benjamin C. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractTo compare the timing of reproductive maturation among urban and rural Tonga girls in Zambia, anthropometric measures and Tanner stages of breast development were obtained. Subjects were 774 (282 rural, 492 urban) girls ages 6–18. Results indicate that rural girls are shorter and have smaller triceps and subscapular skinfolds than their urban counterparts. Median age at menarche for the entire sample, as estimated by probit analysis, was 14.8 years (95% CL = 14.34–15.40). Onset of breast development among urban girls was significantly younger than for the rural girls: 11.47 (95% CL 11.22–11.71) years vs. 13.15 (95% CL 12.40–14.15) years. In contrast, the two groups did not differ in timing of pubertal completion as assessed by median age for Tanner Breast Stage 5: 17.01 (95% CL 16.30–18.33) vs. 16.96 (95% CL 16.37–17.56) years. Predictors of pubertal onset, based on multivariate logistic regression, included dental maturation, height, and triceps skinfold. Triceps skinfold was the only significant predictor of pubertal completion. These results suggest that rural girls progress through puberty more rapidly than the urban girls despite their later start. This finding of maturational catch‐up contrasts with earlier urban/rural comparisons of girls as well as previous results among Gwembe boys, for which later pubertal onset is associated with longer duration of pubertal maturation. While the mechanism remains unclear, biocultural explanations suggest preferential feeding during adolescence as a source for rural girl's maturational catch‐up. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 16:658–669, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sulfatases: Structure, Mechanism, Biological Activity, Inhibition, and Synthetic Utility
Authors: Hanson Sarah R. , Best Michael D. , Wong Chi‐Huey 
Published: October 2004

AbstractSulfatases, which cleave sulfate esters in biological systems, play a key role in regulating the sulfation states that determine the function of many physiological molecules. Sulfatase substrates range from small cytosolic steroids, such as estrogen sulfate, to complex cell‐surface carbohydrates, such as the glycosaminoglycans. The transformation of these molecules has been linked with important cellular functions, including hormone regulation, cellular degradation, and modulation of signaling pathways. Sulfatases have also been implicated in the onset of various pathophysiological conditions, including hormone‐dependent cancers, lysosomal storage disorders, developmental abnormalities, and bacterial pathogenesis. These findings have increased interest in sulfatases and in targeting them for therapeutic endeavors. Although numerous sulfatases have been identified, the wide scope of their biological activity is only beginning to emerge. Herein, accounts of the diversity and growing biological relevance of sulfatases are provided along with an overview of the current understanding of sulfatase structure, mechanism, and inhibition.
Dynamic imaging of cell, extracellular matrix, and tissue movements during avian vertebral axis patterning
Authors: Filla Michael B. , Czirók András , Zamir Evan A. , Little Charles D. , Cheuvront Tracey J. , Rongish Brenda J. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractVertebrate axis patterning depends on cell and extracellular matrix (ECM) repositioning and proper cell‐ECM interactions. However, there are few in vivo data addressing how large‐scale tissue deformations are coordinated with the motion of local cell ensembles or the displacement of ECM constituents. Combining the methods of dynamic imaging and experimental biology allows both cell and ECM fate‐mapping to be correlated with ongoing tissue deformations. These fate‐mapping studies suggest that the axial ECM components “move” both as a composite meshwork and as autonomous particles, depending on the length scale being examined. Cells are also part of this composite, and subject to passive displacements resulting from tissue deformations. However, in contrast to the ECM, cells are self‐propelled. The net result of cell and ECM displacements, along with proper ECM‐cell adhesion, is the assembly of new tissue architecture. Data herein show that disruption of normal cell‐ECM interactions during axis formation results in developmental abnormalities and a disorganization of the ECM. Our goal in characterizing the global displacement patterns of axial cells and ECM is to provide critical information regarding existing strain fields in the segmental plate and paraxial mesoderm. Deducing the mechanical influences on cell behavior is critical, if we are to understand vertebral axis patterning. Supplementary material for this article is available online at http://www.mrw.interscience.wiley.com/suppmat/1542‐975X/suppmat/72/v72.266.html. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 72:267–276, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparative transcriptional profiling of two human embryonic stem cell lines
Authors: Rao Raj R. , Calhoun John D. , Qin Xiaoting , Rekaya Romdhane , Clark Jason K. , Stice Steven L. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractHuman embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have generated enormous interest due to their ability to self‐renew and produce many different cell types. In conjunction with microarray technology, human ESCs provide a powerful tool for employing a systems‐based approach to deciphering the molecular mechanisms that control pluripotency and early development. Recent work has focused on defining “stemness” and pluripotency based on different experimental and analytical approaches in both mouse and human ESCs. Using a mixed linear model statistical approach, we report a stringent direct comparison between data sets obtained from two human ESCs (BG01 and H1) in order to obtain a list of genes that are enriched in ESCs. In addition, we used another pluripotent population derived from BG01 ESCs to obtain a list of genes that we consider important to the maintenance of pluripotency. A total of 133 genes overlapped between the three pluripotent populations. A majority of the 133 genes were classified under the key functional categories of cell‐cycle regulation, signaling, and regulation of transcription. Key genes expressed were Oct4, Sox2, LeftyA, and Fgf2. Also found to be enriched in all three populations is FLJ10713, a gene encoding a hypothetical protein of unknown function that has been shown in earlier studies to possess a homolog in mouse ESCs and also to cluster tightly with Oct4 in human ESCs. Although there were many genes unique to each pluripotent population, they shared similarities based on functional ontologies that define pluripotency. The significance of our studies underscores the need for direct comparison of stem cell populations that share biological similarities using uniform stringent analytical approaches, in order to better define pluripotency. Our findings have important implications for the maintenance of pluripotency and in developing directed differentiation strategies for various regenerative applications. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A prospective evaluation of two radiotherapy schedules with 10 versus 20 fractions for the treatment of metastatic spinal cord compression
Authors: Rades Dirk , Fehlauer Fabian , Stalpers Lukas J. A. , Wildfang Ingeborg , Zschenker Oliver , Schild Steven E. , Schmoll Hans J. , Karstens Johann H. , Alberti Winfried 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe optimal treatment of patients with metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) is still being debated. The current observational multicenter study, performed prospectively by the authors, evaluated two radiotherapy (RT) schedules and prognostic factors with respect to functional outcomeMETHODSIn the current study, 214 patients with MSCC were irradiated between April 2000 and September 2003 with 30 gray (Gy) per 10 fractions per 2 weeks (n = 110) or with 40 Gy per 20 fractions per 4 weeks (n = 104). Motor function and ambulatory status were evaluated before RT and until 6 months after RT. The following potential prognostic factors were investigated: RT schedule, performance status, age, number of irradiated vertebrae, type of primary tumor, pretreatment ambulatory status, and length of time developing motor deficits before RT.RESULTSBoth groups were balanced for patient characteristics and potential prognostic factors. Motor function improved in 43% of patients after 30 Gy and in 41% of patients after 40 Gy (P = 0.799). Posttreatment ambulatory rates were 60% and 64% (P = 0.708), respectively. A multivariate analysis demonstrated that a slower progression of motor deficits before RT (P < 0.001), a favorable histology of the primary tumor (P < 0.001), and being ambulatory before RT (P = 0.035) were associated with a better functional outcome. RT schedule (P = 0.269) and other variables had no significant impact. Acute toxicity was mild, and late toxicity was not observed during the period of follow‐up. Follow‐up was 12 (6–28) months in patients surviving ≥ 6 months.CONCLUSIONSThirty gray per 10 fractions was preferable to 40 Gy per 20 fractions, because it was associated with similar outcome, less treatment time, and lower costs. The type of tumor, pretreatment ambulatory status, and length of time developing motor deficits before RT were relevant prognostic factors and should be considered in future studies. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Initial immunoglobulin M ‘flare’ after rituximab therapy in patients diagnosed with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
Authors: Ghobrial Irene M. , Fonseca Rafael , Greipp Philip R. , Blood Emily , Rue Montserrat , Vesole David H. , Gertz Morie A. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe goal of the current study was to characterize the initial upsurge in immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels after treatment with rituximab in patients with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM).METHODSAs part of a Phase II Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group study, 72 patients were treated with rituximab (375 mg/m2 weekly for 4 weeks) between April 2000 and January 2002. IgM levels in these patients were measured at five separate time points so that any temporal changes that occurred could be characterized.RESULTSOf the 54 patients for whom the relevant IgM measurements were available, 29 (54%) experienced an increase in IgM levels between baseline and the first scheduled postbaseline time point. At 2 months, 13 of 22 evaluable patients (59%) continued to have elevated IgM levels, and at 4 months, elevated IgM levels persisted in 4 of 15 evaluable patients (27%). Overall, a nonlinear trend characterized by an initial increase in IgM levels followed by a decrease in these levels was observed (P < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONSTreating physicians should be aware that an IgM ‘flare’ may occur in up to 54% of patients treated with rituximab; however, most of these patients experience a decrease in IgM levels within 4 months after the initiation of therapy. Therefore, patients should not be discouraged from continuing to receive this potentially effective therapeutic agent, as responses to rituximab may develop slowly. Longer follow‐up will reveal whether patients who experience an upsurge in IgM levels have poorer overall survival or shorter times to progression compared with patients who do not experience this IgM flare. Factors predicting an initial increase in IgM levels could not be identified. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Long‐term survival estimates for imatinib versus interferon‐α plus low‐dose cytarabine for patients with newly diagnosed chronic‐phase chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Anstrom Kevin J. , Reed Shelby D. , Allen Andrew S. , Glendenning G. Alastair , Schulman Kevin A. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe authors estimated survival among patients with chronic myeloid leukemia for a cost‐effectiveness analysis of imatinib versus interferon‐α plus low‐dose cytarabine (IFN+LDAC).METHODSTwo‐year survival and cytogenetic response were determined using data from 553 patients who received first‐line imatinib in the International Randomized Interferon versus ST571 Study (IRIS). Long‐term survival was modeled on complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) after 2 years. Long‐term survival for patients with a CCyR was modeled using data from a cohort study of 317 patients with CCyRs. Long‐term survival for patients without a CCyR was modeled using data from a trial of 275 patients who were treated with IFN+LDAC. Computation of lifetime survival estimates for imatinib assumed a proportional hazards relation between survival for an age‐matched and gender‐matched cohort and survival for patients with and without a CCyR.RESULTSFor IRIS patients receiving imatinib, the estimated survival was 95.8% and the CCyR rate was 73.8%. The average residual life expectancy was estimated to be 16.71 years for CCyR patients and 5.78 years for non‐CCyR patients. The estimated life expectancy after treatment with imatinib was 15.30 years, compared with 9.07 years for patients who were treated with IFN+LDAC in previous studies.CONCLUSIONSAssuming the relation between CCyR and survival with interferon‐α holds for imatinib, higher CCyR rates with imatinib therapy will result in an estimated 6.23 life‐years gained compared with treatment with IFN+LDAC. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.