bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of essential oils of Baeckea frutescen L and Cymbopogon nardus L for development as bioinsecticides
Authors: Roanisca O , Inonu I , Fad Z G , Dirgantara M W , Nugraha H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The increase in the world’s human population has implications for efforts to minimize crop production losses due to insect attacks. The use of synthetic insecticides has a negative impact on environmental pollution and human health. There is a need for alternative natural insecticides made from plants that are safe, effective and selective. Baeckea frutescen L and Cymbopogon nardus L are essential oil producing plants. The essential oil components contained in these species need to be analyzed for development as bioinsecticides. In this study, the content of the essential oils of samples were analyzed. The method used was steam distillation and the components of the compounds were analyzed using GC-MS. The results of the essential oil content in C. nardus L included citronella, beta.-citronellol, and trans-geraniol. The constituent components of essential oils in B.
frutescen L are alpha-pinene, 2- beta -pinene, eucalyptol, trans-caryophyllene, alpha-humulene, and linalool. Based on the literature, these two plants can be developed as raw materials for bioinsecticides.
Implementation of Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) and Kriging method for distribution pattern humidity and temperature data on weather changes in the Bangka Islands
Authors: Amelia R , Julianti E , Guskarnali  
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Weather is one indicator of climate change on Earth that affects various aspects of life. The role and influence of the weather are also very influential on the elements that influence it. Moreover, the air temperature on Bangka Island has changed from previous years. This research is used to look at the pattern of temperature and humidity distribution in the Bangka Island region by implementing the IDW and Kriging methods. This research provides information on temperature and relative humidity changes from 2019 to 2021. Based on the results of the IDW and the Kriging method, an increase in temperature on Bangka Island occurs in the downtown area to the south of Bangka Island. As for relative humidity, there tend to be more changes from the northeast to the southwest of Bangka Island. In general, there is no significant difference in the implementation of both methods, but if we look at the prediction errors, it can be said that the kriging is better than the IDW method. With this research, it is hoped that it can become a consideration for related parties related to climate change in the Bangka Island Region.
Techno-economics analysis of biosurfactants productions from pseudomonas aeruginosa OPEFB-based with variations in purifications method
Authors: Efendi M Y , Harahap A F P , Karimah A A , Ningsih H , Prasetyaningsih I N , Hafiz K M , Winia P , Utami P A , Muthmainnah S F , Prayitno V , Darmawan M A , Gozan M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Palm oil is one of the many natural resources in Indonesia. One of the byproducts of oil palm production is oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB), which account for 23% of the weight of palm oil. Most of the content of OPEFB is cellulose, which can be used for the production of biosurfactants. The Biosurfactant (rhamnolipid) production process from OPEFB is assisted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and encompasses three main process sections: pretreatment, fermentation, and purification. This study aims to assess the techno-economic feasibility of biosurfactant production using two different purification methods: solvent extraction and adsorption/desorption chromatography. All process simulations are done by using SuperPro Designer v9.0. The efficiency of production operations and the economic efficiency of rhamnolipid production from lignocellulose will be assessed by comparing two different methods. The results of the simulation show that with purification using a solvent extractor, the purity of rhamnolipid is 98.88% with an IRR value of 75.86%. This shows that using a solvent extractor is more beneficial than using adsorption/desorption chromatography, which produces 99.98% rhamnolipid with an IRR value of 3.05%.
Investigation of subgrade conditions on the Airbara – Toboali road section to improve road quality
Authors: Yofianti D , Muradi D 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Airbara - Toboali Road Section is a national road located in South Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands Province. Some segments of this road often experience road damage, although road repairs have been carried out several times to overcome the damage. The subgrade layer is the most important layer in the pavement structure because it functions to withstand all the loads above it. CBR (California Bearing Ratio) is penetration test used to evaluate the subgrade strength of roads and pavement. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the subgrade conditions on the Air Bara – Toboali road section in order to improve road quality. This study uses hand boring testing with 4 sampling points and field CBR testing with the DCP tool. Field CBR samples were taken as many as 30 points every 50 meters from STA 0+000 – STA 1+450. The average CBR value obtained shows that the CBR of this subgrade is in the good category (10.77%). Subgrade conditions per layer, namely at a depth of 0-2 meters the roads have almost the same soil characteristics. However, the soil depth of more than 2 meters in several locations on the road segment has a different character. The results of this investigation are expected to assist road planning so that road quality can improve.
The Density of Anadara granosa in Tin Mining Area at Tanjung Gunung Seawaters, Bangka Island
Authors: Akhrianti Irma , Umroh  , Anggraeni  , Gustomi Andi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Tin mining activity has been for quite some time existed in Bangka Belitung, directed lawfully and wrongfully. In the first place, the tin mining activity happens just in the mainland however at this point has been extended to the coastal zone. As the effect, supporting ecosystems such as coral reefs, sea grasses, marine biotas, and mangrove ecosystem cannot play their role normally especially in Tanjung Gunung Waters, Central Bangka. One of biota living at coastal zone in tin mining area is a Anadara granosa. Blood clam (A. granosa) is a type of shellfish that has important economic value and has the potential to become one of the leading marine fisheries products. The research method used is purposive sampling with systematic random sampling. The result showed that the density of A. granosa was low abundant each stasions at Tanjung Gunung. Total Organic Carbon range 1,03 – 5,57%. Sand (80%), Silt (11,65%), Clay (8,35%). Based on the analysis, density of A. granosa has the correlation with sedimen type and water quality (Dissolved oxygen, Salinity, Temperatur, EH).
Implementation of Community-Based Surveying and Mapping of Land Parcels through Field Work Practice to Support Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL)
Authors: Suhattanto Muh Arif , Wijayanti Tri Ida 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Cadastral surveying and mapping field work practice is an activity for National Land Collage (STPN) as one of the units under the Ministry of ATR/BPN to develop innovation that can be used as a basis for recommendations for the success of Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL). In the year of 2021, the Diploma I of Cadastral Surveying and Mapping Program carried out field work practice of cadastral surveying and mapping in Pagerharjo Village. This field work practice was designed by optimizing the Fit for Purpose Land Administration (FFP-LA) approach to accelerate the land parcel surveying and mapping process. The method used in the research underlying this article is a qualitative method to find out the extent to which the FFP concept can be implemented in land registration of Indonesia during the field work practice. The result of the field work practice shows several factors that determine the success of the land parcels surveying and mapping based on FFP-LA concepts, including the requirements of open areas for implementing photogrammetry-based measurements, the need of easily identified boundaries marker on Photo Map, the awareness of protecting property by the land owners, and the strength of legal guarantees based on the accuracy of measurements.
Geometric Model of 3D Cadastre for Strata Title using 2D and 3D Data Integration Approach
Authors: Widyastuti Ratri , Saptari Asep Yusup , Falihah Syahna Rahmah , Eryan Putri Nabila Sofia , Hernandi Andri 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In order to establish the Land Administration System (LAS) in Strata Title case, the concept of 3D Cadastre is used widely. The semantic and geometric of 3D spatial unit (3D rights) in the building must be conducted first, but to provide such 3D spatial data is complicated, especially related to the owner privacy. Furthermore, the higher the Level of Detail (LOD) and Level of Information (LOI) of 3D model, the more complex the data acquisition and the higher accuracy needed will be. Therefore, the concept of 3D Cadastre could be adopted where the availability of 2D data still usable, such as the data of as-built-drawing of the building. However, how to do the integration of 2D and 3D spatial data and their accuracy analysis needs to be examined first, as the purpose of this study. The case study of this research is ‘Labtek IXC’, located in Ganesha Campus of Institut Teknologi Bandung. The 3D data was conducted using High-Definition Survey in available room and the 2D data was as-built-drawing in unavailable room (available and unavailable due the ownership privacy aspect). The High-Definition Survey produced the point cloud data. The point cloud data was processed using common steps such as filtering and cloud-to-cloud registration. The data modelling method was used the parametric modelling based on the registered point cloud and as-built-drawing of the building. The result of this study is the integration of 3D model. The geometric of the 3D model was compared with the reference size of the room from the distometer measurement. The geometric accuracy of the 3D model produced satisfactory result, that is 0.019 m.
Reference System and Accuracy Evaluation of InaCORS RTK and Online Data Processing Services
Authors: Ashary Razi , Gumilar Irwan , Bramanto Brian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Real-time Kinematic (RTK) method is commonly used in Indonesia because it can produce three-dimensional position directly with accuracy of ±5 cm, which is transmitted from a reference station using Networked Transport of RTCM via Internet Protocol (NTRIP) communication media. InaCORS system provided by Badan Informasi Geospasial (BIG) become the easiest reference station solution with stations that is always on and spread out throughout Indonesia. The InaCORS system provides nearest RTK, virtual reference station (VRS) RTK, and online data processing (ODP) services. Currently, the Indonesia Geospasial Reference System (SRGI2013) has the epoch 2021 reference system. The aim of this research is to determine which epoch is used and the accuracy and precision of the RTK and ODP services of InaCORS. To determine this issue, this study conducted RTK nearest and RTK VRS data acquisition for 5 minutes with 1-second interval, as well as static measurement for three hours at 10 points spread out throughout Bandung. The acquired data was then compared with static data processed through CORS ITB to be considered as the true value. The compared results between the three services of the InaCORS system against the true value indicate that the InaCORS system still uses the 2012 epoch because the difference value is closer to epoch 2012 than to epoch 2021, with a difference between epochs up to 26 cm. The compared results state that ODP 3D accuracy is the highest of the three services with an accuracy of 3.93 cm because ODP process static data which is more stable than RTK data, with 3D precision of 3.97 cm. Between the RTK methods, VRS is more accurate with 3D accuracy of 5.05 cm and 3D precision of 4.03 cm. The nearest RTK method has 3D accuracy and precision respectively 5.65 and 3.87 cm, which is the best precision of all three services. Between the RTK methods, VRS can be said is better than nearest in terms of accuracy and precision, but nearest RTK is more stable and unlikely to fail in measurement than VRS.
Analysis of Water Level Monitoring using GNSS Interferometric Reflectometry in River Waters
Authors: Cahyadi MN , Bawasir A , Susilo  , Arief S 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
GNSS Interferometric Reflectometry (GNSS-IR) is one of the newest explorations of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals which utilizes multipath signals to calculate the vertical distance from the reflecting surface to the geodetic antenna/receiver. However, scientific-grade or geodetic GNSS instruments are expensive, which is a limiting factor for their prompt and more widespread deployment as a dedicated environmental sensor. Hence, in this study, low-cost GNSS receiver devices were used to monitor the surface level of PT Garam River in Pamekasan Regency using the GNSS-IR method. The study location of PT Garam River which is quite close to the sea causes the water level to vary following the tides at the sea. This is because there are needs for advanced methodologies to limit GNSS observations in a much narrower area. The river in this case is a more challenging study location in terms of monitoring the water level. Calculation of river water level height with GNSS-IR observations is based on determining the peak frequency on the periodogram resulting from signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data extraction. The two-weeks GNSS-IR observation in this study were applied by installing sideway orientation of GNSS antenna towards the river. This will be done to see how effective the strength of the reflected signal received by the low-cost GNSS devices are in narrow footprint area. Conventional tide gauge near the GNSS-IR site was used to evaluate the accuracy of GNSS-IR in river water level monitoring. Tide analysis is carried out to obtain tidal constituents and tide predictions using least square harmonics estimation (LSE). The resulting accuracy of the validation data is at an RMSE of 15.35 cm, with the correlation value of 0.94. The type of river tides in the study location based on the calculation results is mixed tide prevailing semidiurnal. Tide prediction for 20 days gives promising results with an RMSE of 16 cm. These results indicate that low-cost GNSS device has a promising capability for water level monitoring using GNSS-IR method in a narrow reflector area.
Machine Learning for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using Phyton in Sigi Biromaru Area (Near Palu), Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Sukristiyanti S , Arifianti Y , Rozie A F , Pamela P , Susantoro T M , Putra M H Z , Lestiana H , Telaumbanua J A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sigi Biromaru is near Palu City; both experienced the Palu earthquake on 28 September 2018. Unlike Palu City, a flat area, Sigi Biromaru is hilly, so it experienced landslides after the big earthquake. This study performed landslide susceptibility mapping for Sigi Biromaru using a machine learning method, namely random forest. Nine parameters were used, i.e., altitude, slope, lithology, peak ground acceleration, land cover, river density, lineament density, rainfall, and aspect. The total data points were 530, half landslide samples and the other half non-landslide samples. We used 70% of the data points to train the model and the rest to evaluate the model. The landslide susceptibility map produced by random forest with no hyperparameter tuning has an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94 for the success rate and 0.91 for the predictive rate. This study used a novel method in which the non-landslide locations represent the safe zone area, sampled randomly from the lowest class of landslide susceptibility area based on a bivariate statistical model. This study is highly recommended for the initial phase of landslide hazard mitigation.
A Multi-Criteria Decision Making Approach for Identifying Potential Industrial Development Locations in Batam Island
Authors: Sari Luthfiya Ratna , Fathimatuzzahrooui’s  
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This research utilizes a multi-criteria decision-making approach to evaluate the potential for industrial development in Batam City, with a focus on Batam Island, an important economic center and a free trade zone. By employing geographic information systems as a decision-making tool, we consider variables stipulated in Minister of Industry Regulation No. 40/M-IND/PER/6/2016 and PERMENPERIN No. 30 of 2020, in addition to the Batam City Spatial Plan for 2021-2041 policy, to assess the suitability of various areas for industrial land use. Based on the identification of the physical potential characteristics of the region, our research reveals the following suitability classifications: Very Suitable (0.14%), Suitable (15.14%), Moderately Suitable (41.66%), Less Suitable (37.91%), and Not Suitable (5.14%) on Batam Island. Considering the relevant Regional Spatial Plan, we identify specific areas with potential for development distributed across different districts: Batam Kota (58.33 Ha), Batu Aji (14.17 Ha), Batu Ampar (232.93 Ha), Bengkong (31.62 Ha), Lubuk Baja (26.45 Ha), Nongsa (336.11 Ha), Sagulung (138.41 Ha), and Sekupang (3.22 Ha).
Reliability of Runoff Hydrograph Model for Extreme Rainfall Events using HEC-RAS 2D Flow Hydrodynamics Rain-On-Grid
Authors: Ansori Mohamad Bagus , Lasminto Umboro , Gde Kartika Anak Agung 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Hydrological modeling is a valuable tool for analyzing water resources and predicting the impacts of extreme rainfall events, particularly for flood risk mitigation. Accurate results from hydrological models rely heavily on detailed input of watershed characteristics, including morphometric factors, land cover, and slope. In the face of the increasing frequency and severity of floods due to climate change, hydrological modeling has become an essential tool for disaster risk mitigation and management. HEC-RAS is a widely used software for river flow modeling and floodplain analysis. HEC-RAS 2D with the rain-on-grid meteorological model is a powerful tool for simulating flood events in complex river systems. The rain-on-grid method enables the simulation of spatially distributed rainfall events and their impact on runoff, which is crucial for modeling extreme runoff hydrographs. Previous studies have demonstrated the accuracy and effectiveness of HEC-RAS 2D with rain-on-grid in modeling extreme runoff hydrographs. This study aims to validate the reliability of HEC-RAS 2D hydrodynamics in simulating unsteady flow with meteorological data will be examined within a laboratory-scale physical model of the watershed. Additionally, the performance of HEC-RAS 2D will be evaluated in a observed watershed, specifically the Bangga watershed in Central Sulawesi to assess the performance of the HEC-RAS 2D Hydrodynamics model. The runoff hydrograph reliability model using HEC-RAS 2D rain-on-grid yielded close results when compared to a laboratory-scale physical model with a rainfall simulator and HEC-RAS 2D simulation using meteorological input data. The error in Time of Peak (Tp) and Peak Discharge (Qp) between the physical and numerical models was 7% and 3.5%, respectively. Additionally, in the HEC-RAS 2D simulation, a Manning roughness coefficient value of 0.04 closely matched the results of the physical model, while there was some variability when comparing HEC-RAS 2D results with measured data in Bangga watershed of Central Sulawesi. However, the numerical model exhibited relatively approaching result with the HEC-HMS SCS hydrograph model.
Land Cover Change Analysis on The Coast of Surabaya Indonesia (Case Study: Eastern Part of Surabaya, 1994 – 2022)
Authors: Safitri DA , Nugroho RT , Bespalova L.A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Surabaya is one of the coastal cities which experiences regular land cover changes. The construction of new settlements and changes in land use functions have a significant impact on the coastal environment of Surabaya. This research is a development of previous research which aims to determine changes in land cover on the coast of Surabaya (especially on the Eastern Part of Surabaya) using remote sensing data. Landsat satellite imagery data on 1994, 2003, 2018 and 2022 were used with maximum likelihood classification method. The results showed that the Surabaya coast experienced changes in various land cover classes (urban areas, vegetation, mangroves, ponds, bare land and water bodies). During 1994-2022, Surabaya’s coastal area increased by 10.72 km2 and about 13 km2 pond area is reduced due to changes in coastal land use functions. Eastern part of Surabaya is coastal area which growing rapidly due to the accretion phenomenon (especially in the Keputih and Medokan Ayu sub-districts). The average accretion and erosion rate was measured using DSAS analysis through 1994 to 2022. The average accretion and erosion were showed the value respectively 21.69 m/year, and −2.43 m/year. The coast of East Surabaya contributes 50% of mangrove forests existence in Surabaya.
The Urban Sprawl Typology and The Urban Growth Pattern of Peri-Urban Area in Aceh Besar Regency, Aceh
Authors: Rizkiya Putra , Haikal Naufal , Hasan Zainuddin , Aulia Fahmi , Gunawan Arief , Fuady Zahrul 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
After the 2004 tsunami, Banda Aceh experienced rapid urbanization to the south and east of the city as the city grew further away from the coastline. As a result, the urban area grew beyond the city boundary into Aceh Besar Regency, especially in Darul Imarah and Ingin Jaya sub-districts. Hence, these sub-districts experienced rapid development, characterized by extensive conversion of agricultural land into built-up areas. Therefore, uncontrolled development in peri-urban areas will lead to urban sprawl causing negative environmental, economic, and social impacts. This study aims to study the level of urban sprawl and examine the urban growth pattern in peri-urban areas, focusing on Darul Imarah and Ingin Jaya sub-districts. This research used scoring analysis and spatial analysis. First, Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC) was used to identify built-up areas in 2005 and 2020. Then, the urban growth pattern was analyzed using Landscape Expansion Index (LEI). The classification of urban sprawl was analyzed using five variables: population density, building density, distance to the city center, development within reach of road network, and leapfrog development patterns. The results showed that 33 villages (40%) in the study area were identified as sprawl. In addition, seven villages (21.2%) were classified as high-level urban sprawl, nine villages (27.3%) as medium level, and 17 villages (51.5%) as low level. Urban sprawl development was dominated by the ribbon development pattern (49.6%), concentric pattern 40.8%, and leapfrog pattern 9.6%. The ribbon development occurred along the main road, while the concentric pattern occurred around the current urban subcenter. The urban sprawl has caused negative implications such as higher car ownership and the loss of agricultural land. This research suggests Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar Regency governments cooperate to control the urban sprawl and its negative impact by establishing a more sustainable urban policy and strengthening regional cooperation.