bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INNOVATIVE VOLUNTEER PROGRAMS TO SUPPORT FAMILY CAREGIVERS AND PERSONS LIVING WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Fields Noelle , Xu Ling , Gibson Allison 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
There is a continued need for accessible and cost-effective community-based services and supports for family caregivers and persons living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia (ADRD). Utilizing trained volunteers may offer a scalable approach to filling gaps in ADRD care and support. This symposium will provide evidence for utilizing trained volunteers in innovative interventions designed for family caregivers and persons living with dementia. The first paper presents findings from the Senior Companion Program Plus, an intervention using lay providers to deliver a culturally informed psychoeducational intervention with African American ADRD family caregivers. The second paper highlights the Faith Care Family Project which utilizes trained church volunteers from predominantly African American churches to reach African American ADRD family caregivers. The third paper explores the PorchLight Project, a dementia-capable training and respite delivered by volunteers for older people living in the community throughout Minnesota and in select regions of North Dakota. The fourth paper presents findings from an intervention using trained, experienced Chinese dementia caregivers to be volunteer mentors to newer dementia caregivers in the same ethnic community. The final paper presents findings from a telephone-based, intergenerational reminiscence intervention with college student volunteers and persons living with cognitive impairment that incorporates digital storytelling. The symposium will conclude with a critical reflection on the empirical contributions needed to advance scholarship on leveraging volunteers to meet the needs of family caregivers and persons living with ADRD.
LAUNCHING THE PORCHLIGHT PROJECT
Authors: Gaugler Joseph , Albers Elizabeth , Louwagie Katie , Fields Noelle , Jutkowitz Eric , Nkimbeng Manka , Shippee Tetyana , Roth David 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Porchlight Project (PLP) is a 5-year study designed to evaluate the real-world efficacy of dementia capable training and respite delivered by volunteers for older people living in the community throughout Minnesota and in select regions of North Dakota. Volunteer regions managed by the Lutheran Social Services of Minnesota (LSS-MN) throughout Minnesota and North Dakota were randomly assigned to receive the dementia training and volunteer support of PLP or the usual care control condition with standard volunteer training. The purpose of this presentation is to describe the process involved in establishing the PLP within LSS-MN’s routine programming for volunteers and embedding key outcome measures within LSS-MN’s standard data collection process for volunteers, their clients, and their clients’ caregivers. Various challenges to PLP integration included: human subjects research categorization for an evaluation such as the PLP; achieving survey response rate goals; and establishing a baseline data collection interval prior to volunteer training completion. Strategies to proactively address these challenges to promote successful embedding of the program include creation of a PLP coordinator position within LSS-MN, who is responsible for the day-to-day programming of the project, as well as the development of a robust, yet flexible protocol. The flexibility allows for navigating LSS-MN programmatic activities, such as changes to the LSS-MN internal database, fluctuation in staffing and/or volunteers, revisions to survey follow-up procedures and correspondence, and consideration for those who will not complete training (e.g. non-English speakers, etc.). This presentation will also feature baseline descriptive data from the evaluation.
A PILOT STUDY OF A PEER MENTORING SUPPORT INTERVENTION FOR CHINESE AMERICAN DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS
Authors: Liu Jinyu , Cheung Ethan Siu Leung , Lou Yifan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Although many older Chinese Americans are expected to need intensive care because of cognitive impairment, a large gap exists in development of culturally sensitive interventions to reduce stress among caregivers in Chinese American communities. Informed by the sociocultural stress and coping model, we developed and tested a peer mentoring program. In the intervention, experienced Chinese caregivers are recruited and trained to be volunteering mentors, who provide three-month mentoring support to newer caregivers in the same ethnic community.

Methods
A pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted among 38 Chinese American caregivers in New York City. During the three-month intervention, the 19 caregivers in the intervention group were paired with and weekly supported by 8 mentors via telephone calls. The control group received educational materials on caregiving skills and self-care. Three outcome variables, caregiving competence, loneliness, caregiver burden and depressive symptoms, were measured at the baseline, the 3-month follow-up and the 6-month follow-up.

Results
T-test results show no significant differences in any outcome measures at the baseline between the two groups. Compared to the control group, the intervention group had larger reduced scores in loneliness at the 3-month follow-up (p=0.047) and caregiver burden (p=0.057) and depressive symptoms at the 6-month follow-up (p=0.057). We did not identify any significant differences in caregiving competence changes identified between the intervention and control groups.

Conclusion
The pilot results indicate the potential effectiveness of empowering existing human resources of experienced caregivers in the same ethnic community in reducing stress of Chinese American dementia caregivers.
EAST MEETS WEST: INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO GERONTOLOGY EDUCATION AND TRAINING
Authors: Inoue Megumi , Amano Takashi , Morrow-Howell Nancy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The global population is aging at an increasingly fast pace compared to past generations. Although the magnitudes and rates of aging in the United States and Japan differ, the drastic change in population structure has resulted in common challenges for both countries. One challenge is preparing people and society for living a long life while promoting well-being in old age for everyone. Combating ageism, delivering accurate information about aging, and encouraging people to have a balanced view of the aging process are all important topics for living in an aging society. Therefore, gerontology education and training plays a critical role. In this symposium, we will present examples of current efforts and research findings on aging education and training in both the United States and Japan. The first presenter will discuss their efforts on promoting gerontology education through redesigning communities with interdisciplinary collaboration in Japan. The second presenter will explain gerontology curriculum and degree programs in Japan. The third presenter will introduce an international gerontology education course designed for United States graduate students. The last presenter will report findings from a scoping review on intergenerational activities in higher education. Implications for future gerontology education will also be discussed.
HOW CAN WE ADVANCE THE FIELD OF GERONTOLOGY BY LEVERAGING OUR LIVED EXPERIENCES AS GERONTOLOGISTS AND GERIATRICIANS?
Authors: Donorfio Laura 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Reflecting on my development as a professor of gerontology has become a normative part of my mid-life career. Through this reflection, I have identified 4 stages of career progression, none of which were planned nor anticipated. I have labeled the stages: 1. Content and Logistics; 2. Confidence and Innovation; 3. Generativity and Meaning; and 4. Being the Other. This last stage, which I presently float in and out of, has made me very aware that my teaching about aging has intersected with my personal aging and unexpectedly, has shaped my personal pedagogy in profound ways--increased empathy, sensitivity, and social awareness. I am living the subject matter I thought I intimately knew. I am the other. Has my teaching been inauthentic? Hypocritical? Ageist? Aging and ageism are now personal. Others have written about this mental transition or awakening (Brody, 2010; Cohen et al., 2022; Greenberg, 2022; Pruchno, 2017; Scheidt, 2017), but very little scholarship has been directed towards this phenomenon. O’Neill (2016) also brings attention to this shares, “Although geriatric medicine is widely perceived as an advocate for older people, it is striking how little scholarship has been directed towards the attitudes and personal beliefs of geriatricians toward ageing and, in particular, towards their own future narratives.” This presentation will draw from the existing literature to frame this emergent 4th stage of career progression and begin the discussion about how this insight can be leveraged to advance the fields of gerontology/geriatrics and teach the next generation of scholars.
QUALITY OF CARE INTERACTIONS IN ACUTE CARE
Authors: McPherson Rachel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Care interactions are verbal or nonverbal exchanges between staff and patients and promote quality of care and optimize outcomes for hospitalized patients living with dementia. Care interactions vary regarding quality and are differentiated between positive interactions (e.g., interactions that provide beneficial companionship or appropriate care communication for residents), neutral interactions (e.g., brief, indifferent interactions), or negative interactions (e.g., interactions that restrict residents due to safety concerns or interactions that are restrictive for no justified reason). Patients exposed to negative care interactions, particularly those that are living with dementia, are at risk for negative outcomes such as increased resistiveness to care, anxiety, depression, and apathy. The Quality of Care Interactions Survey (QuIS) is an observation measure used to evaluate interactions between staff and patients based on definitions of positive social, positive care, neutral, negative protective, or negative restrictive interaction. Scores range from 0 to 7, with higher scores indicating more positive care interactions between staff and residents. Nursing interactions with the first 365 patients in the FFC-AC-EIT study indicated that on admission the majority of the care interactions were positive (82%), half were neutral (50%), and a small percentage were negative protective (7%) and negative restrictive (6%). By discharge, there was a decrease in neutral interactions to 47%, negative protective to 6% and negative restrictive to 5%. Ongoing oversight and education is needed to decrease neutral and negative interactions between staff and patients using techniques provided in our function focused care intervention.
DEFINING METABOLIC BALANCE BETWEEN SUGAR AND FAT METABOLISM, AND THEIR ROLES IN DEVELOPMENT AND FERTILITY”
Authors: Henne Mike 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Animals store excess nutrients in two major forms: triglycerides (TGs) held within lipid droplets (LDs) and carbohydrates in the form of glycogen. These nutrient reserves can serve specialized roles in animal development and homeostasis, but how they uniquely contribute to animal growth, bioenergetics, aging, and fertility is poorly understood. Furthermore, it is unclear how loss of one nutrient storage pool influences the other, and whether metabolic remodeling can occur to bypass loss of fat or carbohydrates. Here, we utilize Drosophila as a genetically tractable model system to dissect the tissue-specific contributions of fat and glycogen storage in animal development and fertility. We define metabolic remodeling in carbohydrate metabolism that occurs in Drosophila models nearly devoid of fat. Intriguingly, we find that loss of specific LD subpopulations in the Drosophila fat body lead to metabolic remodeling of carbohydrate metabolism, as well as alterations in female fertility and development. Our work indicates functional crosstalk and active sensing between fat and carbohydrate pools, and indicates that animals can re-wire nutrient storage pathways to facilitate development.
INTERDEPENDENCE OF CYTOSOLIC PROTEOSTASIS, LYSOSOMAL ACIDIFICATION, AND MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION
Authors: Zhou Chuankai (Kai) 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and lysosome defects are conserved hallmarks of aging. One common consequence of cytosolic proteostasis stress is the formation of protein aggregates that are attached to the mitochondrial outer membrane. It remains unknown why cytosolic protein aggregates are attached to the mitochondria. Here we show that Tom70, a conserved receptor for mitochondrial import, moonlights to nucleate the aggregation of cytosolic proteins through some of the newly synthesized mitochondrial proteins. As the cytosolic accumulation of these aggregate-nucleating mitochondrial proteins causes proteostasis stresses, cells balance their import and synthesis through a TOM70-FKH1/2 pathway to regulate the biogenesis of mitochondrial proteins. The reduction of Tom70 during aging causes age-dependent mitochondrial defects in the biogenesis of mitochondrial proteins and attachment of cytosolic protein aggregates, both of which can be rescued by overexpressing TOM70. Additionally, we observed an unexpected rescue of vacuole/lysosome dysfunction in the cells with mitochondrial function preserved during aging. Further investigation revealed a novel conserved mitochondria-to-vacuole/lysosome axis of organelle crosstalk. Our results estabslih novel connections among different cellular compartments related to three hallmarks of aging.
CAREGIVING EXPERIENCES OF ADULT DAUGHTERS WITHOUT SIBLINGS IN UFA, RUSSIA
Authors: Ermoshkina Polina , Kahana Eva 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study is focused on the informal caregiving experiences of a unique group of women: only children of single mothers from Ufa, a metropolitan city in the Ural Mountains. Twenty middle-aged (M=40.75, SD=3.43), college-educated women participated in a two-hour, semi-structured interview. The average age of care recipients (mothers) was 65.3 (SD=3.85). Since the retirement age in Russia is 55 for women and 60 for men, all care recipients were retired. Inductive thematic analysis revealed three themes: incongruence of mothers’ needs with the microenvironment, aging in the “cement box,” and distrust of outsiders. Previous studies found that person-environment congruence is a determinant of older adults’ well-being. A discrepancy between older adults’ needs and preferences and environmental presses can become a source of chronic stress. This study found that both microenvironment (apartments) and larger environmental units (apartment buildings and neighborhoods) were incongruent with the needs of both older women and their caregivers. The majority of the housing stock in Russia is from the Khrushchev era: five-story buildings with no elevators or nine-story buildings with one small elevator. Older adults are trapped in their apartments due to steep stairs and a lack of elevators. Furthermore, adult daughters had to deal with conflicting cultural values and norms of care including the daughter’s duty and moral obligation to care for the aging parents and their own work-related and personal needs. Mothers’ dissatisfaction, in spite of daughters’ best efforts, resulted in unsatisfactory caregiving efforts and frustration by both caregivers and care receivers.
THE IMPACT OF GRANDCHILD PROBLEMS ON CORESIDENTIAL GRANDMOTHERS’ SITUATIONAL APPRAISALS
Authors: Jeanblanc Alexandra , Musil Carol 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The lives of coresidential grandmothers and their families are often complicated by grandchild health, behavioral, and educational problems Using data from a nationwide sample of 342 American grandmothers living with and raising grandchildren, we examine the effect of grandchild physical, behavioral, and educational problems on co-residential grandmothers’ appraisals of: how positive their living situation is for themselves and for their grandchildren and their self-appraised stress and reward related to living with and caring for grandchildren. Participants lived with 1-7 grandchildren under the age of 18 (mean=1.82, SD 1.04), and grandchild problems were dichotomized on the basis of whether they were reported for any co-residential grandchild. We ran independent t-tests comparing grandchild problems against participants’ responses to the 4 situational appraisals (measured on a 10 point visual analog scale). The presence of grandchild health problems did not affect grandmother’s appraisal of their own living situation or their caregiving reward, but was significantly associated with a lower mean appraisal of how positive their living situation was for their grandchildren (8.39vs8.80) as well as higher reported caregiving stress. Grandchild behavioral problems were significantly associated with lower appraisals of grandmother’s own living situation (6.69vs7.53), grandchild living situation (8.45vs8.91), lower caregiving reward (7.36vs8.31)and higher caregiving stress (8.09vs6.81). Educational problems were significantly associated with lower appraisals of grandmother’s own living situation (6.70vs7.34), grandchild living situation (8.18vs8.93), lower caregiving reward (7.41vs8.06)and higher caregiving stress (8.18vs7.06). These analyses show the complex interaction between grandchild problems and grandmother perceptions of their own and their grandchildren’s’ lives.
A SPOTLIGHT ON ADAPTATION: PREIMPLEMENTATION OF MONTESSORI-BASED APPROACHES IN VA LONG-TERM CARE
Authors: Madrigal Caroline , Mills Whitney , Pimentel Camilla , Hartmann Christine , Snow A Lynn , Camp Cameron , Hilgeman Michelle 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Effectively adapting evidence-based interventions for nursing home (NH) implementation is a critical, yet under-examined, component of improving care quality. Montessori-based activity programming (MAP) is an evidence-based intervention that promotes person-centered care, engages persons living with dementia, and mitigates distress behaviors. Currently, there is sparse examination of MAP in Department of Veterans Affairs NHs (i.e., Community Living Centers, CLCs). We report on the use of the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications-Enhanced (FRAME) to track adaptations made to MAP – providing a pre-implementation exemplar for NH clinicians and implementation scientists. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected across two phases (i.e., pre-implementation and pilot implementation) at eight VA CLCs between 2017-2019. We used an iterative, rapid content analytic approach to triangulate findings across data sources (e.g., advisory panel, staff interviews, training evaluations, field notes, fidelity assessments) and identify needed adaptations for the CLC setting and population. More than 300 frontline VA CLC staff participated in qualitative interviews and/or provided feedback on quantitative staff training. Thirty-six adaptations were made. Most adaptions occurred during the pre-implementation phase, were reactive, focused on training/evaluation, and involved researchers, intervention developers, and practitioners. All were fidelity-consistent with MAP. The most common goal across adaptations was increased reach/engagement of the intervention. CLCs and community NHs can use findings to support intervention adaptation, and adapt and implement MAP to improve meaningful engagement for persons living with dementia and other residents. Future research should further evaluate and standardize FRAME for diverse users of complex interventions.
THE EFFECT OF INCOME SECURITY IN OLD AGE ON HEALTH OUTCOMES: A COMPARISON BETWEEN CHINA AND THE US
Authors: Wu Heng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper examines the social determinants of health, particularly the social, political, and economic context of socioeconomic status and health outcomes. Many studies on the political economy of health have highlighted the effects of welfare states on health and health inequalities, typically using welfare state regimes as proxies for social policies. Few research studies have described the association between frailty phenotype and financial wellbeing, however, particularly considering the three-legged stool of retirement income security (public pensions, private pensions, and personal savings/assets) across different welfare state regimes. This study investigates the effects of old-age income disparities on frailty among older adults in the United States and China. Specifically, this paper examines the associations between different sources of old-age income (public and private pensions, personal savings and assets, earnings, workplace subsidies, worker’s compensation, household subsidies, and unemployment insurance benefits) and the five-item frailty phenotype from the RAND Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The findings reveal that health outcomes measured by the Fried’s frailty phenotype vary considerably by country and income type.
RISE: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF INTEGRATED AND RESTORATIVE ELDER ABUSE AND SELF-NEGLECT INTERVENTION
Authors: Burnes David , Connolly M T , Salvo Erin , Kimball Patricia , Rogers Geoff , Lewis Stuart 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Despite a growing number of elder abuse and self-neglect (EASN) cases nationwide, community-based EASN response programs such as Adult Protective Services (APS) lack a conceptually driven, defined, prolonged intervention phase to address these complex situations. This presentation provides a conceptual overview and developmental description of RISE, a community-based model of EASN intervention that works alongside APS or other systems that interact with older adults who are at risk of or experiencing EASN. RISE was developed in consultation with APS caseworkers and supervisors, as well as practitioner and research stakeholders and experts from numerous sectors in Maine and nationwide, building bridges among varying stakeholders. Informed by ecological-systems, relational, and client-centered perspectives and adapting evidence-based or promising modalities from other fields (including motivational interviewing, restorative justice, teaming, supported decision making, goal attainment scaling, and engagement), the RISE model intervenes at levels of the individual older adult victim and others, including the alleged harmer, their relationship, and the systems of informal and formal support surrounding the victim-harmer dyad. The RISE model addresses an intervention gap in response systems to better meet the wishes and needs of EASN victims and others in their lives, leading to more sustainable outcomes. RISE has fostered new research partnerships between researchers and community advocates, who have become both research allies and contributors. RISE supports people with cognitive impairment to make their own decisions. RISE also empowers both older people and younger people in their lives, motivating change, and strengthening and restoring the relationships among them.