bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring NICU nurses' views of a novel genetic point‐of‐care test identifying neonates at risk of antibiotic‐induced ototoxicity: A qualitative study
Authors: Brown Georgia , Warrington Natalie , Ulph Fiona , Booth Nicola , Harvey Karen , James Rachel , Tricker Karen , Wilson Paul , Newman William , Mcdermott John Henry , Stoddard Duncan , Mahaveer Ajit , Turner Mark , Corry Rachel , Garlick Julia , Miele Gino , Ainsworth Shaun , Kemp Laura , Bruce Iain , Body Richard , Roberts Peter , Macleod Rhona 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo explore the views of neonatal intensive care nursing staff on the deliverability of a novel genetic point‐of‐care test detecting a genetic variant associated with antibiotic‐induced ototoxicity.DesignAn interpretive, descriptive, qualitative interview study.MethodsData were collected using semi‐structured interviews undertaken between January and November 2020. Participants were neonatal intensive care nursing staff taking part in the Pharmacogenetics to Avoid Loss of Hearing trial.ResultsThematic analysis resulted in four themes: perceived clinical utility; the golden hour; point‐of‐care device; training and support. Recommendations were made to streamline the protocol and ongoing training and support were considered key to incorporating the test into routine care.ConclusionExploring the views of nurses involved in the delivery of the point‐of‐care test was essential in its implementation. By the study endpoint, all participants could see the value of routine clinical introduction of the point‐of care test.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareNurses are in a key position to support the delivery of point‐of‐care genetic testing into mainstream settings. This study has implications for the successful integration of other genetic point‐of‐care tests in acute healthcare settings.ImpactThe study will help to tailor the training and support required for routine deployment of the genetic point‐of‐care test. The study has relevance for nurses involved in the development and delivery of genetic point‐of‐care tests in other acute hospital settings.Reporting MethodThis qualitative study adheres to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research EQUATOR guidelines and utilizes COREQ and SRQR checklists.Patient or Public ContributionAll staff working on the participating neonatal intensive care units were trained to use the genetic point‐of‐care test. All inpatients on the participating units were eligible to have testing via the point‐of‐care test. The Pharmacogenetics to Avoid Loss of Hearing Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement group provided valuable feedback.Trial and Protocol RegistrationRegistered within the University of Manchester. Ethics approval reference numbers: IRAS: 253102 REC reference: 19/NW/0400. Also registered with the ISRCTN ref: ISRCTN13704894.
Differences in physical activity volume and intensity between Unified and non‐Unified Special Olympics football training: An observational pilot study
Authors: Kreinbucher‐Bekerle Christoph , Perkounig Tobias Maximilian , Novak Bernhard , Sattler Matteo Christian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe participation of people with intellectual disabilities in Special Olympics sports and training opportunities offers numerous benefits for health and inclusion. However, little is known about the impact of such training on physical activity behaviour. Here, we evaluate the differences in physical activity volume and intensity of Special Olympics athletes between Unified and non‐Unified football training.MethodAccelerometer data of 12 male athletes from eight standardised training sessions (four Unified, four non‐Unified) were analysed.ResultsWhile there was no statistically significant difference for the main part of the training, athletes showed higher levels of physical activity intensity (MVPA: Mdiff = 11.74%; 95% CI = 5.50–17.97) and volume (average acceleration ENMO: Mdiff = 112.82 mg; 95% CI = 24.73–200.90) in a Unified compared to non‐Unified endurance‐related exercise task.ConclusionUnderstanding physical activity participation in different training types can help to design and implement future training programmes.
High‐density mapping of Koch's triangle during sinus rhythm and typical atrioventricular nodal re‐entrant tachycardia, integrated with direct recording of atrio‐ventricular node structure potential
Authors: Pandozi Claudio , Botto Giovanni Luca , Loricchio Maria Luisa , D'Ammando Matteo , Lavalle Carlo , Del Giorno Giuseppe , Matteucci Andrea , Mariani Marco Valerio , Nicolis Daniele , Segreti Luca , Papa Andrea Antonio , Casale Maria Carla , Galeazzi Marco , Russo Maurizio , Di Belardino Natale , Pelargonio Gemma , Centurion Aznaran Carlos , Malacrida Maurizio , Maddaluno Francesco , Treglia Simona , Piccolo Francesco , Colivicchi Furio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe mechanism of typical slow‐fast atrioventricular nodal re‐entrant tachycardia (AVNRT) and its anatomical and electrophysiological circuit inside the right atrium (RA) and Koch's Triangle (KT) are not well known.ObjectiveTo identify the potentials of the compact AV node and inferior extensions and to perform accurate mapping of the RA and KT in sinus rhythm (SR) and during AVNRT, to define the tachycardia circuit.MethodsConsecutive patients with typical AVNRT were enrolled in 12 Italian centers and underwent mapping and ablation by means of a basket catheter with small electrode spacing for ultrahigh‐density mapping and a modified signal‐filtering toolset to record the potentials of the AV nodal structures.ResultsForty‐five consecutive cases of successful ablation of typical slow‐fast AVNRT were included. The mean SR cycle length (CL) was 784.1 ± 6 ms and the mean tachycardia CL was 361.2 ± 54 ms. The AV node potential had a significantly shorter duration and higher amplitude in sinus rhythm than during tachycardia (60 ± 40 ms vs. 160 ± 40 ms, p < .001 and 0.3 ± 0.2 mV vs. 0.09 ± 0.12 mV, p < .001, respectively). The nodal potential duration extension was 169.4 ± 31 ms, resulting in a time‐window coverage of 47.6 ± 9%. The recording of AV nodal structure potentials enabled us to obtain 100% coverage of the tachycardia CL during slow‐fast AVNRT.ConclusionDetailed recording of the potentials of nodal structures is possible by means of multipolar catheters for ultrahigh‐density mapping, allowing 100% of the AVNRT CL to be covered. These results also have clinical implications for the ablation of right‐septal and para‐septal arrhythmias.
Polymorphism of IL‐12/IL‐23 axis is associated with coronary heart disease
Authors: Dong Jiangtao , Chen Qianwen , Xie Tian , Wang Mengru , Wang Mengqi , Zha Lingfeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIL12B encodes the shared p40 subunit (IL‐12p40) of IL‐12 and IL‐23, which have diverse immune functions and are closely related to the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis (AS). However, the exact role of IL12B in coronary heart disease (CHD) was still unknown. A case–control association analysis was performed between five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL12B (rs1003199, rs3212219, rs2569254, rs2853694 and rs3212227) and CHD in Chinese Han population (1824 patients with CHD vs. 2784 controls). Logistic regression analyses were used to study the relationships between SNPs and CHD, while multiple linear regression analyses were used to test the association between the SNP and the severity of CHD. In addition, the plasma IL12B concentration of CHD patients were detected by ELISA. We detected a significant association between one of the SNPs, rs2853694−G and CHD (padj = 2.075 × 10−5, OR, 0.773 [95% CI, 0.686–0.870]). Stratified analysis showed that rs2853694 was associated with CHD in both male and female populations and was significantly associated with both early‐ and late‐onset CHD. In addition, rs2853694 is also related to the different types of CHD including clinical‐CHD and anatomical‐CHD. Moreover, there are significant differences in serum IL12B concentrations between rs2853694−TT carriers and rs2853694−GT carriers in CHD patients (p = 0.010). A common variant of IL12B was found significantly associated with CHD and its subgroups. As a shared subunit of IL‐12 and IL‐23, IL‐12p40 may play a key role in IL‐12/IL‐23 axis mediated AS, which is expected to be an effective therapeutic target for CHD.
Resistant starch and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Clinical perspective
Authors: Kim Min Kyung , Park Juri , Kim Doo‐Man 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe immediate and well‐documented benefits of carbohydrate restriction include improved glycemic control in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Starch, a significant source of carbohydrates, is categorized as rapidly digestible, slowly digestible, or resistant starch (RS). RS, which is a non‐viscous fermentable fiber, has shown promise in animal studies for antidiabetic effects by improving glucose metabolism. Although the exact mechanism by which RS affects glucose metabolism remains unclear, it is expected to positively impact glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. The fermentation of RS by colonic microbiota in the large bowel produces short‐chain fatty acids, which exert multiple metabolic effects on glucose regulation and homeostasis. Moreover, RS may influence glucose metabolism via bile acid modulation, independent of its fermentation. Diets rich in RS could aid in blood glucose homeostasis. However, it is uncertain whether they can alter the metabolic pathology associated with glucose regulation. In essence, RS has the potential to lower postprandial glucose levels similarly to a low‐glycemic index diet. Yet, its efficacy as a medical nutrition therapy for type 2 diabetes needs further investigation. To confirm the role of RS in glycemic control and to possibly recommend it as an additional dietary approach for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, a well‐designed, large‐scale intervention is required.
Topical glutathione amino acid precursors protect skin against environmental and oxidative stress
Authors: Cui Xiao , Mi Tingyan , Xiao Xue , Zhang Hong , Dong Yiying , Huang Nan , Gao Ping , Lee Jianming , Guelakis Marian , Gu Xuelan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough glutathione (GSH) has long been considered a master antioxidant, poor stability and bioavailability limit its application in skin protection. To overcome the challenges, Unilever R&D formulated a Glutathione Amino acid Precursors blend (named GAP) to boost GSH de novo synthesis.ObjectiveDetermine whether GAP can boost GSH levels and provide skin protection against stressors.MethodsNormal human epidermal keratinocytes were treated with GAP, with or without stressors, namely, menadione, blue light or pollutants. Ascorbic acid was used as a benchmark. The levels of GSH, glutathione disulfide (GSSG), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were quantified. A placebo‐controlled clinical study was conducted on 21 female subjects who received product applications and subsequent UV radiation. Tape strip samples were collected from the subjects for GSH and GSSG quantification using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS). The UV‐protective effect of GAP was investigated using ex vivo skin. Biomarkers related to DNA damage and the skin barrier were analysed using immunohistochemistry.ResultsGlutathione amino acid precursors significantly increased the GSH levels and GSH/GSSG ratio in normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Menadione treatment resulted in excessive ROS production and a decline in ATP levels, which were effectively abrogated by GAP. The protective effects of GAP against menadione‐induced oxidative stress were superior to those of ascorbic acid. In addition, GAP effectively protected the cells against blue light‐induced ROS production and pollutant‐induced ATP depletion. Topical application of the GAP formulation significantly elevated the skin GSH/GSSG ratio in a clinical study. Ex vivo skin treated with the GAP formulation displayed a reduction in DNA damage and high levels of barrier proteins after UV exposure.ConclusionsGlutathione amino acid precursors effectively increases cellular GSH levels to protect the skin from oxidative and environmental stresses.
Mixed Eimeria and Cryptosporidium infection and its effects on pathology and clinical outcomes in juvenile Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) cultured in Thailand
Authors: Suyapoh Watcharapol , Keawchana Narissara , Sornying Peerapon , Tangkawattana Sirikachorn , Khirilak Pokphon , Jantrakajorn Sasibha 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCoccidiosis is an important disease in juvenile fish because of severe intestinal injury during infection. We first reported the mixed infection of intestinal coccidia and its association with health status and pathological findings in juvenile Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) cultured in Thailand. Two groups of Asian seabass, 60‐day fish and 90‐day fish, were sampled to investigate prevalence and coccidian infection intensity using morphological characterization and PCR. Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA gene amplified from the intestines revealed Eimeria sp. and Cryptosporidium sp. infection. The prevalence of Eimeria sp. and Cryptosporidium sp. in sampled fish was 100%. Clinical outcomes assessed, using health assessment index (HAI) scoring and semi‐quantitative grading of intestinal lesions and inflammation, demonstrated that all fish developed variety of pathology and clinical illness; however, infection intensity in 60‐day fish was significantly higher (p < .05) than 90‐day fish. The HAI score of 60‐day fish was poorer than 90‐day fish, which correlated to a high infection intensity (r = .397), analysed by Pearson correlation coefficient. Overproduction of intestinal oxidants contributing to mucosal injury was examined by nitrotyrosine expression. The high production of reactive nitrogen species indicated severe inflammatory response, and intestinal injuries occurred mainly in the 60‐day fish.
Divergent progression pathways in male androgenetic alopecia and female pattern hair loss: Trichoscopic perspectives
Authors: Kamishima Tomoko , Hirabe Chie , Myint Khin Zay Yar , Taguchi Junichi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite similarities in progressive miniaturization of hair follicles and transition of terminal hairs to vellus hairs, insufficient trichoscopic comparisons between male androgenetic alopecia (MAGA) and female pattern hair loss (FPHL) hinder our ability to select effective treatments.AimOur study aimed to explore gender‐specific trichoscopic characteristics of MAGA and FPHL, while formulating hypotheses regarding the progression of these conditions across clinical stages.MethodsWe classified 126 male MAGA subjects using Hamilton‐Norwood Classification and 57 FPHL subjects using adopted Sinclair Scale. Subsequently, we analyzed nine trichoscopic factors divided into three categories: hair‐diameter related, hair‐number per follicular unit related, and hair density related factors.ResultsOf the nine quantitative trichoscopic factors, hair‐diameter and hair‐number per follicular unit showed strong correlations with clinical stages in both genders. Hair density, a common trichoscopic factor for hair loss evaluation, weakly correlated with clinical stages in FPHL, but not at all in MAGA. In addition, MAGA was characterized by a progressive reduction in hair‐diameter, followed by a reduction in hair‐number per follicular unit. FPHL, on the contrary, showed the opposite progression.ConclusionsTrichoscopic factors vary with disease severity in a gender‐specific manner. Our research highlights that MAGA and FPHL involve two distinct streams: hair‐diameter decreasing by hair follicle miniaturization (Stream 1), and hair‐number per follicular unit decreasing by hair follicle tri‐lineage niche dysfunction (Stream 2). MAGA typically starts from Stream 1 to Stream 2, while FPHL starts from Stream 2. These diverse progression pathways underscore the importance of personalized treatment approaches.
The subjective well‐being in Peruvian adolescence: Identifying domains and evaluations in a non‐WEIRD context
Authors: Guillén Zambrano Henry Raúl , de la Puente Ronceros Rafaella Andrea , Pease Dreibelbis María Angélica 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe present qualitative study examined how a group of Peruvian adolescents (N = 32) from different cultural contexts conceive their well‐being. The goal was to identify the domains that structure their conception of well‐being and how they evaluate it based on their elaboration. For this objective, 32 in‐depth interviews were carried out with adolescents from different cultural contexts in Perú. Elements such as region, academic performance, and gender were considered to identify specificities during the analysis. Interviews were analyzed using a thematic analysis strategy. As a result, six domains of adolescent well‐being emerged where well‐being is associated with socioeconomic factors, family and peer relationships, future aspirations, social skills and self‐esteem, academic performance, and health care. Participants' evaluations of well‐being were mainly grounded in the socioeconomic, family, and educational domains. Findings highlight the need to further develop psychology research on adolescence in non‐WEIRD societies.
Potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease based on bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Yang Kai , Zhang Zhaoqi , Zhang Qingyuan , Zhang Hongyu , Liu Xiaoju , Jia Zhicheng , Ying Zhenhao , Liu Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveAs a chronic inflammatory disease, periodontitis threatens oral health and is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is growing evidence that these two diseases are closely related. However, current research is still incomplete in understanding the common genes and common mechanisms between periodontitis and AD. In this study, we aimed to identify common genes in periodontitis and AD and analyze the relationship between crucial genes and immune cells to provide new therapeutic targets for clinical treatment.Materials and MethodsWe evaluated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) specific to periodontitis and AD. Co‐expressed genes were identified by obtaining gene expression profile data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Using the STRING database, protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed, and essential genes were identified. We also used four algorithms to identify critical genes and constructed regulatory networks. The association of crucial genes with immune cells and potential therapeutic effects was also assessed.ResultsPDGFRB, VCAN, TIMP1, CHL1, EFEMP2, and IGFBP5 were obtained as crucial common genes. Immune infiltration analysis showed that Natural killer cells and Myeloid‐derived suppressor cells were significantly differentially expressed in patients with PD and AD compared with the normal group. FOXC1 and GATA2 are important TFs for PD and AD. MiR‐23a, miR‐23b, miR‐23a, and miR‐23b were associated with AD and PD. Finally, the hub genes retrieved from the DSigDB database indicate multiple drug molecule and drug–target interactions.ConclusionThis study reveals commonalities in common hub genes and immune infiltration between periodontitis and AD, and the analysis of six hub genes and immune cells may provide new insights into potential therapeutic directions for the pathogenesis of periodontitis complicated by AD.
Alpha‐lactalbumin and sleep: A systematic review
Authors: Barnard Jackson , Roberts Spencer , Kelly Monica , Lastella Michele , Aisbett Brad , Condo Dominique 
Published: January 2024

SummaryInsufficient sleep is a growing global problem, with poor sleep associated with many negative health and performance outcomes. Previous reviews investigating the effect of diet on sleep have highlighted the amino acid tryptophan as a promising sleep‐promoting nutrient, with the richest food source of tryptophan, ⍺‐lactalbumin, requiring further investigation. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to review the existing evidence of association between ⍺‐lactalbumin and sleep. Four electronic databases (CINAHL Complete, Embase, MEDLINE Complete, and SPORTDiscus with Full Text) were searched from database inception to March 2023, with primary research articles included if they contained α‐lactalbumin as an independent variable, an outcome measure of sleep or sleepiness, and participants were ≥ 18 years old. Eight studies were reviewed, with four studies recruiting athletic populations (50%) and four recruiting healthy participants (50%). Sleep or sleepiness was measured objectively in six studies (75%), with two studies employing polysomnography and four utilizing actigraphy to assess sleep. Across the studies, 20–60 g of ⍺‐lactalbumin was supplemented, with five studies (63%) observing a positive association between α‐lactalbumin and sleep. Sleep‐onset latency was the primary sleep metric improved following evening supplementation of α‐lactalbumin (≤ 3.5 hr pre‐sleep), with no studies observing any negative associations with sleep. Data from this review suggest that individuals that have difficulty initiating sleep may benefit most from pre‐sleep α‐lactalbumin supplementation. Further research is required to establish the effect that α‐lactalbumin has on sleep architecture, through the use of more comprehensive sleep analysis tools such as portable electroencephalography or polysomnography, in combination with stringent dietary controls.
Leaf phosphorus fractions vary with leaf economic traits among 35 Australian woody species
Authors: Tsujii Yuki , Atwell Brian J. , Lambers Hans , Wright Ian J. 
Published: January 2024

Summary

Adaptations of plants to phosphorus (P) deficiency include reduced investment of leaf P in storage (orthophosphates in vacuoles), nucleic acids and membrane lipids. Yet, it is unclear how these adaptations are associated with plant ecological strategies.

Five leaf P fractions (orthophosphate P, Pi; metabolite P, PM; nucleic acid P, PN; lipid P, PL; and residual P, PR) were analysed alongside leaf economic traits among 35 Australian woody species from three habitats: one a high‐P basalt‐derived soil and two low‐P sandstone‐derived soils, one undisturbed and one disturbed by human activities with artificial P inputs.

Species at the undisturbed low‐P site generally exhibited lower concentrations of total leaf P ([Ptotal]), primarily associated with lower concentrations of Pi, and PN. The relative allocation of P to each fraction varied little among sites, except that higher PL per [Ptotal] (rPL) was recorded at the undisturbed low‐P site than at the high‐P site. This higher rPL, reflecting relative allocation to membranes, was primarily associated with lower concentrations of leaf nitrogen at the undisturbed low‐P site than at the high‐P site.

Associations between leaf P fractions and leaf nitrogen may provide a basis for understanding the variation in plant ecological strategies dependent on soil P availability.