bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AI language models in human reproduction research: exploring ChatGPT’s potential to assist academic writing
Authors: Semrl N , Feigl S , Taumberger N , Bracic T , Fluhr H , Blockeel C , Kollmann M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven language models have the potential to serve as an educational tool, facilitate clinical decision-making, and support research and academic writing. The benefits of their use are yet to be evaluated and concerns have been raised regarding the accuracy, transparency, and ethical implications of using this AI technology in academic publishing. At the moment, Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) is one of the most powerful and widely debated AI language models. Here, we discuss its feasibility to answer scientific questions, identify relevant literature, and assist writing in the field of human reproduction. With consideration of the scarcity of data on this topic, we assessed the feasibility of ChatGPT in academic writing, using data from six meta-analyses published in a leading journal of human reproduction. The text generated by ChatGPT was evaluated and compared to the original text by blinded reviewers. While ChatGPT can produce high-quality text and summarize information efficiently, its current ability to interpret data and answer scientific questions is limited, and it cannot be relied upon for a literature search or accurate source citation due to the potential spread of incomplete or false information. We advocate for open discussions within the reproductive medicine research community to explore the advantages and disadvantages of implementing this AI technology. Researchers and reviewers should be informed about AI language models, and we encourage authors to transparently disclose their use.
Review of brine droplets impacting heated surfaces
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Yang Xiaowei , Mu Jiaqi , Mu Lin , Liu Xiaohua 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
So far, brine droplet impact has received less attention compared with water droplets, but the impact of brine droplets on heated surfaces frequently occurs in the industry, agriculture, biomedicine and other fields. The kinematics and evaporation of brine droplet impact on heated surfaces deserve paying much more attention due to their wide industry applications. This review provides a comprehensive summary of existing research on the dynamics, evaporation and crystallization characteristics of brine droplets impacting heated surfaces. The effect of salt in droplets on the evaporation rate, component transportation and crystal deposition are discussed. In addition, this review also summarized inadequacies of existing research and recommended concerning future research directions.
Metabolic advantages of regulatory T cells dictated by cancer cells
Authors: Kondo Masaki , Kumagai Shogo , Nishikawa Hiroyoshi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Cancer cells employ glycolysis for their survival and growth (the “Warburg effect”). Consequently, surrounding cells including immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are exposed to hypoglycemic, hypoxic, and low pH circumstances. Since effector T cells depend on the glycolysis for their survival and functions, the metabolically harsh TME established by cancer cells is unfavorable, resulting in the impairment of effective antitumor immune responses. By contrast, immunosuppressive cells such as regulatory T (Treg) cells can infiltrate, proliferate, survive, and exert immunosuppressive functions in the metabolically harsh TME, indicating the different metabolic dependance between effector T cells and Treg cells. Indeed, some metabolites that are harmful for effector T cells can be utilized by Treg cells; lactic acid, a harmful metabolite for effector T cells, is available for Treg cell proliferation and functions. Deficiency of amino acids such as tryptophan and glutamine in the TME impairs effector T cell activation but increases Treg cell populations. Furthermore, hypoxia upregulates fatty acid oxidation via hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and promotes Treg cell migration. Adenosine is induced by the ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73, which are strongly induced by HIF-1α, and reportedly accelerates Treg cell development by upregulating Foxp3 expression in T cells via A2AR-mediated signals. Therefore, this review focuses on the current views of the unique metabolism of Treg cells dictated by cancer cells. In addition, potential cancer combination therapies with immunotherapy and metabolic molecularly targeted reagents that modulate Treg cells in the TME are discussed to develop “immune metabolism-based precision medicine”.
Exposure of Escherichia coli to antibiotic-efflux pump inhibitor combinations in a pharmacokinetic model: impact on bacterial clearance and drug resistance
Authors: MacGowan Alasdair P , Attwood M L G , Noel Alan R , Barber R , Aron Zachary , Opperman Timothy J , Grimsey Elizabeth , Stone Jack , Ricci Vito , Piddock L J V 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) offer an attractive therapeutic option when combined with existing classes. However, their optimal dosing strategies are unknown.

Methods
MICs of ciprofloxacin (CIP)+/−chlorpromazine, phenylalanine-arginine β naphthylamide (PAβN) and a developmental molecule MBX-4191 were determined and the pharmacodynamics (PD) was studied in an in vitro model employing Escherichia coli MG1655 and its isogenic MarR mutant (I1147). Exposure ranging experiments were performed initially then fractionation. Changes in bacterial load and population profiles were assessed. Strains recovered after EPI simulations were studied by WGS.

Results
The CIPMICs for E. coli MG1655 and I1147 were 0.08 and 0.03 mg/L. Chlorpromazine at a concentration of 60 mg/L, PAβN concentrations of 30 mg/L and MBX-4191 concentrations of 0.5–1.0 mg/L reduced CIP MICs for I1147 and enhanced bacterial killing. Using CIP at an AUC of 1.2 mg·h/L, chlorpromazine AUC was best related to reduction in bacterial load at 24 h, however, when the time drug concentration was greater than 25 mg/L (T &gt; 25 mg/L) chlorpromazine was also strongly related to the effect. For PaβN with CIP AUC, 0.6 mg·h/L PaβN AUC was best related to a reduction in bacterial load. MBX-4191T &gt; 0.5–0.75 mg·h/L was best related to reduction in bacterial load. Changes in population profiles were not seen in experiments of ciprofloxacin + EPIs. WGS of recovered strains from simulations with all three EPIs showed mutations in gyrA, gyrB or marR.

Conclusions
AUC was the pharmacodynamic driver for chlorpromazine and PAβN while T &gt; threshold was the driver for MBX-4191 and important in the activity of chlorpromazine and PAβN. Changes in population profiles did not occur with combinations of ciprofloxacin + EPIs, however, mutations in gyrA, gyrB and marR were detected.
Dietary glycine supplementation enhances postweaning growth and meat quality of pigs with intrauterine growth restriction
Authors: He Wenliang , Posey Erin A , Steele Chandler C , Savell Jeffrey W , Bazer Fuller W , Wu Guoyao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Pigs with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) have suboptimum growth performance and impaired synthesis of glycine (the most abundant amino acid in the body). Conventional corn- and soybean meal-based diets for postweaning pigs contain relatively low amounts of glycine and may not provide sufficient glycine to meet requirements for IUGR pigs. This hypothesis was tested using 52 IUGR pigs and 52 litter mates with normal birth weights (NBW). At weaning (21 d of age), IUGR or NBW pigs were assigned randomly to one of two nutritional groups: supplementation of a corn–soybean meal-based diet with either 1% glycine plus 0.19% cornstarch or 1.19% L-alanine (isonitrogenous control). Feed consumption and body weight (BW) of pigs were recorded daily and every 2 or 4 wks, respectively. All pigs had free access to their respective diets and clean drinking water. Within 1 wk after the feeding trial ended at 188 d of age, blood and other tissue samples were obtained from pigs to determine concentrations of amino acids and meat quality. Neither IUGR nor glycine supplementation affected (P &gt; 0.05) feed intakes of pigs per kg BW. The final BW, gain:feed ratio, carcass dressing percentages, and four-lean-cuts percentages of IUGR pigs were 13.4 kg, 4.4%, 2%, and 15% lower (P &lt; 0.05) for IUGR pigs than NBW pigs, respectively. Compared with pigs in the alanine group, dietary glycine supplementation increased (P &lt; 0.05) final BW, gain:feed ratio, and meat a* value (a redness score) by 3.8 kg, 11%, and 10%, respectively, while reducing (P &lt; 0.05) backfat thickness by 18%. IUGR pigs had lower (P &lt; 0.05) concentrations of glycine in plasma (−45%), liver (−25%), jejunum (−19%), longissimus dorsi muscle (−23%), gastrocnemius muscle (−26%), kidney (−15%), and pancreas (−6%), as compared to NBW pigs. In addition, dietary glycine supplementation increased (P &lt; 0.05) concentrations of glycine in plasma and all analyzed tissues. Thus, supplementing 1% of glycine to corn–soybean meal-based diets improves the growth performance, feed efficiency, and meat quality of IUGR pigs.
Derivation of indirect predictions using genomic recursions across generations in a broiler population
Authors: Hidalgo Jorge , Lourenco Daniela , Tsuruta Shogo , Bermann Matias , Breen Vivian , Misztal Ignacy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) of animals without phenotypes can be indirectly predicted using recursions on GEBV of a subset. To maximize predictive ability of indirect predictions (IP), the subset must represent the independent chromosome segments segregating in the population. We aimed to 1) determine the number of animals needed in recursions to maximize predictive ability, 2) evaluate equivalency IP—GEBV, and 3) investigate trends in predictive ability of IP derived from recent vs. distant generations or accumulating phenotypes from recent to past generations. Data comprised pedigree of 825K birds hatched over 12 overlapping generations, phenotypes for body weight (BW; 820K), residual feed intake (RF; 200K) and weight gain during a trial period (WG; 200K), and breast meat percent (BP; 43K). A total of 154K birds (last six generations) had genotypes. The number of animals that maximize predictive ability was assessed based on the number of largest eigenvalues explaining 99% of variation in the genomic relationship matrix (1Me = 7,131), twice (2Me), or a fraction of this number (i.e., 0.75, 0.50, or 0.25Me). Equivalency between IP and GEBV was measured by correlating these two sets of predictions. GEBV were obtained as if generation 12 (validation animals) was part of the evaluation. IP were derived from GEBV of animals from generations 8 to 11 or generations 11, 10, 9, or 8. IP predictive ability was defined as the correlation between IP and adjusted phenotypes. The IP predictive ability increased from 0.25Me to 1Me (11%, on average); the change from 1Me to 2Me was negligible (0.6%). The correlation IP—GEBV was the same when IP were derived from a subset of 1Me animals chosen randomly across generations (8 to 11) or from generation 11 (0.98 for BW, 0.99 for RF, WG, and BP). A marginal decline in the correlation was observed when IP were based on GEBV of animals from generation 8 (0.95 for BW, 0.98 for RF, WG, and BP). Predictive ability had a similar trend; from generation 11 to 8, it changed from 0.32 to 0.31 for BW, from 0.39 to 0.38 for BP, and was constant at 0.33(0.22) for RF(WG). Predictive ability had a slight to moderate increase accumulating up to four generations of phenotypes. 1Me animals provide accurate IP, equivalent to GEBV. A minimum decay in predictive ability is observed when IP are derived from GEBV of animals from four generations back, possibly because of strong selection or the model not being completely additive.
Nuclear energy in Brazil: regulation, corruption, and prospects for energy generation
Authors: Cordeiro Mikael Jhordan Lacerda , Oliveira Maurício Felipe Bemfica de , de Abreu PereiraUhr Daniel , Uhr Júlia Gallego Ziero 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article provides an overview of the historical development of the Brazilian nuclear regulatory environment and its implications for corruption in the nuclear energy sector. It explores Brazil's transition of nuclear energy policies from a military-centric approach to civilian perspectives following the country’s re-democratization in the 1980s. The article highlights the importance of nuclear energy diversification for stabilization and low-carbon energy generation in Brazil. It discusses the challenges and vulnerabilities of the Brazilian nuclear industry, focusing on the corruption scandal of 2015, revealing improper payments, mismanagement, bribery, and money laundering in constructing the Angra 3 nuclear power plant. The study proposes improvements in the corporate governance of the Brazilian sector to minimize potential corruption cases in future contracts. It analyses the conflict of interest among regulatory institutions, industry agents, and the corporate environment. This article also compares the Brazilian nuclear regulatory framework with international regulations and discusses strategies for combating corruption in nuclear power generation. The concluding remarks emphasize the need for institutional reforms to safeguard and develop the Brazilian nuclear industry.
Cliff collapse on Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko – I. Aswan
Authors: Davidsson Björn J R 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
The Aswan cliff on Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko collapsed on 2015 July 10. Thereby, relatively pristine comet material from a depth of $\sim 12\, \mathrm{m}$ was exposed at the surface. Observations of the collapse site by the microwave instrument Rosetta/Microwave Instrument for Rosetta Orbiter (MIRO) have been retrieved from 8 months prior to collapse, as well as from 5, 7, and 11 months post-collapse. The MIRO data are analysed with thermophysical and radiative transfer models. The pre-collapse observations are consistent with a 30 MKS thermal inertia dust mantle with a thickness of at least $3\, \mathrm{cm}$. The post-collapse data are consistent with (1) a dust/water–ice mass ratio of 0.9 ± 0.5 and a molar CO2 abundance of ∼30 per cent relative to water; (2) formation of a dust mantle after ∼7 months, having a thickness of a few millimetres or a fraction thereof; (3) a CO2 ice sublimation front at 0.4 cm that withdrew to 2.0 cm and later to $20\pm 6\, \mathrm{cm}$; (4) a thermal inertia ranging 10–45 MKS; (5) a gas diffusivity that decreased from $0.1$ to $0.001\, \mathrm{m^2\, s^{-1}}$; and (6) presence of a solid-state greenhouse effect parts of the time. The data and the analysis provide a first empirical glimpse of how ice-rich cometary material ages and evolves when exposed to solar heating.
Impact of modelling galaxy redshift uncertainties on the gravitational-wave dark standard siren measurement of the Hubble constant
Authors: Turski Cezary , Bilicki Maciej , Dálya Gergely , Gray Rachel , Ghosh Archisman 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Gravitational wave science is a new and rapidly expanding field of observational astronomy. Multimessenger observations of the binary neutron star merger GW170817 have provided some iconic results including the first gravitational-wave standard siren measurement of the Hubble constant, opening up a new way to probe cosmology. The majority of the compact binary sources observed in gravitational waves are, however, without bright electromagnetic counterparts. In these cases, one can fall back on the ‘dark standard siren’ approach to include information statistically from potential host galaxies. For such a measurement, we need to be cautious about all possible sources of systematic errors. In this paper, we begin to study the possible errors coming from the galaxy catalogue sector, and in particular, look into the effect of galaxy redshift uncertainties for the cases where these are photometry-based. We recalculate the dark standard siren Hubble constant using the latest third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) events and associated galaxy catalogues, with different galaxy redshift uncertainty models, namely, the standard Gaussian, a modified Lorentzian, and no uncertainty at all. We find that not using redshift uncertainties at all can lead to a potential bias comparable with other potential systematic effects previously considered for the GWTC-3 H0 measurement (however still small compared to the overall statistical error in this measurement). The difference between different uncertainty models leads to small differences in the results for the current data; their impact is much smaller than the current statistical errors and other potential sources of systematic errors which have been considered in previous robustness studies.
The evolutionary route to form planetary nebulae with central neutron star–white dwarf binary systems
Authors: Ablimit Iminhaji , Soker Noam 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a possible evolutionary pathway to form planetary nebulae (PNe) with close neutron star (NS)–white dwarf (WD) binary central stars. By employing the binary population synthesis technique, we find that the evolution involves two common envelope evolution (CEE) phases and a core collapse supernova explosion between them that forms the NS. Later the lower mass star engulfs the NS as it becomes a red giant, a process that leads to the second CEE phase and to the ejection of the envelope. This leaves a hot horizontal branch star that evolves to become a helium WD and an expanding nebula. Both the WD and the NS power the nebula. The NS in addition might power a pulsar wind nebula inside the expanding PN. From our simulations we find that the Galactic formation rate of NS–WD PNe is $1.8 \times 10^{-5}\, {\rm yr}^{-1}$ while the Galactic formation rate of all PNe is $0.42 \, {\rm yr}^{-1}$. There is a possibility that one of the observed Galactic PNe might be a NS–WD PN, and a few NS–WD PNe might exist in the Galaxy. The central binary systems might be sources for future gravitational wave detectors like LISA, and possibly of electromagnetic telescopes.
AT2023fhn (the Finch): a luminous fast blue optical transient at a large offset from its host galaxy
Authors: Chrimes A A , Jonker P G , Levan A J , Coppejans D L , Gaspari N , Gompertz B P , Groot P J , Malesani D B , Mummery A , Stanway E R , Wiersema K 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Luminous fast blue optical transients (LFBOTs) – the prototypical example being AT 2018cow – are a rare class of events whose origins are poorly understood. They are characterized by rapid evolution, featureless blue spectra at early times, and luminous X-ray and radio emission. LFBOTs thus far have been found exclusively at small projected offsets from star-forming host galaxies. We present Hubble Space Telescope, Gemini, Chandra, and Very Large Array observations of a new LFBOT, AT 2023fhn. The Hubble Space Telescope data reveal a large offset (&gt;3.5 half-light radii) from the two closest galaxies, both at redshift z ∼ 0.24. The location of AT 2023fhn is in stark contrast with previous events, and demonstrates that LFBOTs can occur in a range of galactic environments.
Oxygen bounty for Earth-like exoplanets: spectra of Earth through the Phanerozoic
Authors: Payne R C , Kaltenegger L 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
In the search for life in the Universe, Earth provides a template of evolution for the one habitable planet we know. Earth’s atmospheric composition has changed significantly throughout its history. The last 500 Myr – the Phanerozoic Eon, which includes the origins of animals, dinosaurs, and land plants – saw oxygen rise from ≤10 per cent to 35 per cent. But the resulting transmission spectra are a crucial missing piece in our search for signs of life in exoplanet atmospheres. Here, we simulate the atmosphere and transmission spectra of the Phanerozoic, using estimates from established climate models, and present the first high-resolution transmission spectra for Phanerozoic Earth. We demonstrate that the spectral biosignature pairs O2 + CH4 and O3 + CH4 in the atmosphere of a transiting Earth-like planet would indicate a biosphere, with O2 and O3 features potentially stronger than for modern Earth. The full model and high-resolution transmission spectra, covering 0.4–20 µm, are available online and provides a tool to plan and optimize observations, train retrieval methods, and interpret upcoming observations with ground- and space-based telescopes.
Intermittent fasting in the management of diabetes: a review of glycemic control and safety
Authors: Santos Heitor O 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntermittent fasting (IF) regimens have emerged as a dietary tool to improve the glycemic profile, but a critical appraisal of clinical studies assessing the effects of IF regimens in patients with diabetes is needed. Thus, this review encompasses clinical studies examining the impact of different IF regimens on markers of glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Furthermore, clinical nuances relative to pharmacological treatment are also addressed, mainly insulin therapy, to discuss the risk of hypoglycemic events. Only a handful of clinical studies have investigated the effects of IF on patients with diabetes. Overall, IF regimens may elicit modest benefits on glycemic parameters in patients with diabetes, but their effects are not necessarily greater than those of control diets. Last, although IF regimens may be considered safe for patients receiving insulin therapy within interventional and observational research, markers of glycemic control must be constantly monitored in clinical practice to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia and its related complications.
Group VII ethylene response factors forming distinct regulatory loops mediate submergence responses
Authors: Hsiao Pao-Yuan , Zeng Cyong-Yu , Shih Ming-Che 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Group VII ethylene response factors (ERFVIIs), whose stability is oxygen concentration-dependent, play key roles in regulating hypoxia response genes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and rice (Oryza sativa) during submergence. To understand the evolution of flooding tolerance in cereal crops, we evaluated whether Brachypodium distachyon ERFVII genes (BdERFVIIs) are related to submergence tolerance. We found that three BdERFVIIs, BdERF108, BdERF018, and BdERF961, form a feedback regulatory loop to mediate downstream responses. BdERF108 and BdERF018 activated the expression of BdERF961 and PHYTOGLOBIN 1 (PGB1), which promoted nitric oxide turnover and preserved ERFVII protein stability. The activation of PGB1 was subsequently counteracted by increased BdERF961 accumulation through negative feedback regulation. Interestingly, we found that OsERF67, the orthologue of BdERF961 in rice, activated PHYTOGLOBIN (OsHB2) expression and formed distinct regulatory loops during submergence. Overall, the divergent regulatory mechanisms exhibited by orthologs collectively offer perspectives for the development of submergence-tolerant crops.