bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traditional Ecological Knowledge and practices associated with the Vanate (Raggiana Bird of Paradise, Paradisaea raggiana) along the Kokoda Track in Central Province, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Pulotu Challis , Katovai Eric , Pikacha Patrick 
Published: January 2025

Context Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) is lost due to the increase of urbanisation, and the lack of transfer of this knowledge to younger generations. Aims The aim of this study was to examine the TEK of the Koiari Indigenous People of Central Province, Papua New Guinea (PNG) concerning the Vanate (Paradisaea raggiana), which is the national bird of PNG. Methods We used the mixed methods research methodology, specifically the convergent parallel mixed method design with a questionnaire. Forty eight interviews were conducted with respondents aged 17–83 years of age, from the villages of Ioribaiwa, Agulogo, Manari, and Efogi along the Kokoda Track. We collected information on the birds’ language name, habitat, abundance, and conservation status. Results There was high linguistic diversity in names used for Birds of Paradise (BOPs). The common generic name for ‘bird’ is Ugu, and for the Paradisaea raggiana, it is the Vanate. Ten species of BOPs were reported by respondents to occur in the area. Respondents identified lowland wet and lower montane wet forests as habitats for the Vanate. In terms of conservation status, most locals (52%) said the Vanate was hunted opportunistically. Most respondents (40%) stated that the Vanate was increasing in abundance due to a reduction in disturbance, and less hunting. Conclusion The Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) value showed that the most parsimonious model for Vanate abundance was locals who hunt and type of weapons (traditional) are the most parsimonious predictors of predicted abundance of the Vanate.
Using a novel and validated survey tool to analyze sexual functioning following vaginoplasty in transgender individuals
Authors: Ramsay Alyxandra , Blankson Jo , Finnerty-Haggerty Lara , Wu Jiaxin , Safer Joshua D. , Pang John Henry 
Published: January 2025

Background In the healthcare setting, transgender patients are often marginalized, face discrimination and have limited access to high-quality gender-affirming care, such as gender-affirming surgery (GAS). As a result, the available data pertaining to GAS are often based on convenience samples, and the majority of published studies in the US are cross-sectional. Transgender people may undergo GAS to align their bodies with their gender identities. There has been little emphasis on the GAS self-evaluated experience. GAS may be associated with improved quality of life in transgender people. This study aimed to analyze the functionality of transgender patients’ genitals following vaginoplasty. Methods A total of 306 transgender patients responded to a validated survey for patient-reported feminizing GAS outcomes. Surveys were given to patients prior to GAS, and then 2 weeks, 6 months and 12 months postoperatively. Pre- and post-GAS responses were compared using McNemar and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Self-identified race/ethnicity was available for all survey participants. All participants voluntarily took the same survey by using the same survey platform to eliminate bias. Results Five questions showed significant improvement between the 2-week and 6-month responses. These questions assessed if respondents had sensation in their clitoris (P = 0.031), the frequency that clitoral stimulation was pleasurable (P = 0.018), the presence of sexual activity in the past 3 months (P < 0.001), the ability to have penetrative vaginal intercourse (P = 0.031) and if labial irritation while walking or exercising decreased (P = 0.051). Significant differences were not detected between the 6-month and 12-month responses for any of the survey questions. Conclusions The results of five different metrics regarding sexual activity and vaginal functioning showed a significant improvement for transgender people following GAS. Findings also similarly demonstrate a high success rate of sexual activity after GAS. These are significant patient-reported outcomes using tools validated for the transgender population. Respondent outcomes significantly improved between the 2-week and 6-month time period, but did not differ between the 6-month and 12-month period, suggesting the ideal time to assess the above-described patient-perceived outcomes with vaginoplasty is 6 months postoperatively.
Sub-hourly forecasting of fire potential using machine learning on time series of surface weather variables
Authors: Ardid Alberto , Valencia Andres , Power Anthony , Boer Matthias M. , Katurji Marwan , Gross Shana , Dempsey David 
Published: January 2025

Background Rapidly developing pre-fire weather conditions contributing to sudden fire outbreaks can have devastating consequences. Accurate short-term forecasting is important for timely evacuations and effective fire suppression measures. Aims This study aims to introduce a novel machine learning-based approach for forecasting fire potential and to test its performance in the Sunshine Coast region of Queensland, Australia, over a period of 15 years from 2002 to 2017. Methods By analysing real-time data from local weather stations at a sub-hourly temporal resolution, we aimed to identify distinct weather patterns occurring hours to days before fires. We trained random forest machine learning models to classify pre-fire conditions. Key results The models achieved high out-of-sample accuracy, with a 47% higher accuracy than the standard fire danger index for the region. When simulating real forecasting conditions, the model anticipated 75% of the fires (11 out of 15). Conclusions This method provides objective, quantifiable information, enhancing the precision and effectiveness of fire warning systems. Implications The proposed forecasting approach supports decision-makers in implementing timely evacuations and effective fire suppression measures, ultimately reducing the impact of fires.
Imaging sound-soft targets in waveguides using the topological derivative
Authors: Karimov Umid , Monk Peter , Selgas Virginia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We investigate the use of shape sensitivity analysis based on topological derivatives to image a non-penetrable obstacle located inside a tubular acoustic waveguide. Assuming time-harmonic wave propagation, we reduce the problem to a finite section of pipe using the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map, and derive a closed form expression of the topological derivative for this situation. We investigate the method numerically on synthetic data. A particular feature of our study is the use of multi-frequency data.
Active resonant modes in the metastructure composed of a surface subwavelength grating and a vertically layered structure
Authors: Hao Chenxi , Zhang Jing , Yang Bo , Wang Minglu , Zheng Wanhua , Liu Anjin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
An active metastructure composed of quantum wells, a surface subwavelength grating, and a finite-pair distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) with a Bloch surface wave, termed as active grating-DBR metastructure, is studied. The active grating-DBR metastructure has an antisymmetric mode and a symmetric mode. The antisymmetric mode has a high quality factor. The active grating-DBR metastructure is fabricated and the spectra are measured under continuous-wave current. Compared with the device without a surface subwavelength grating, the measured spectra of the device with a surface subwavelength grating have two peaks at around 945 nm and 960 nm, corresponding to the symmetric and antisymmetric modes, respectively. To reduce the mode losses of the active grating-DBR metastructure, the addition of a 10.5-pair 940 nm DBR is proposed below the vertical multilayer structure, and a heterostructure surface subwavelength grating is introduced to form heterostructures in both vertical and transverse direction. This study is useful for novel surface-emitting lasers.
Physics-guided multi-model baseline modeling for turboshaft engines with condition monitoring measurements
Authors: Chen Xiaonan , Xu Yu , Liu Yuan , Song Fangquan , Wang Yishou , Qing Xinlin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Accurate and reliable baseline modeling of gas turbines is crucial for effective gas path fault diagnosis. This study proposes a novel baseline modeling approach based on physics-guided multi-model method utilizing the engine condition monitoring measurements. The physics-guided multi-model architecture, comprising a baseline model and compensation models, employs environmental compensation to refine the output parameters. The baseline model is constructed using data from a single environmental condition. Compensation models are built using residual data between baseline model outputs and engine gas path measurements from other environmental conditions. This approach was validated using turboshaft ground test data across different seasons. Baseline models including output power (Pdn), high-pressure compressor outlet pressure (Ps3), and power turbine inlet temperature (Tt45) were developed using both single and multi-model methods. Back propagation (BP) networks and recurrent neural network were used to validate the physics-guided multi-model architectures. Comparing the prediction accuracies of single and multi-models reveals that the multi-model structure offers superior accuracy. The compensation-based multi-model method reduced the mean absolute error (MAE) by 57.3% relative to the uncompensated BP and by 44.6% relative to the multi-input BP, achieving final MAE values of 0.967% for Pdn, 0.78% for Ps3, and 2.3% for Tt45. At the same time, the multi-model approach enhances interpretability by separately predicting the effects of control and environmental parameters on engine monitoring parameters.
EEG correlates of acquiring race driving skills
Authors: Sultana M , Gheorghe L , Perdikis S 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective. Race driving is a complex motor task that involves multiple concurrent cognitive processes in different brain regions coordinated to maintain and optimize speed and control. Delineating the neuroplasticity accompanying the acquisition of complex and fine motor skills such as racing is crucial to elucidate how these are gradually encoded in the brain and inform new training regimes. This study aims, first, to identify the neural correlates of learning to drive a racing car using non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG) imaging and longitudinal monitoring. Second, we gather evidence on the potential role of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in enhancing the training outcome of race drivers. Approach. We collected and analyzed multimodal experimental data, including drivers’ EEG and telemetry from a driving simulator to identify neuromarkers of race driving proficiency and assess the potential to improve training through anodal tDCS. Main results. Our findings indicate that theta-band EEG rhythms and alpha-band effective functional connectivity between frontocentral and occipital cortical areas are significant neuromarkers for acquiring racing skills. We also observed signs of a potential tDCS effect in accelerating the learning process. Significance These results provide a foundation for future research to develop innovative race-driving training protocols using neurotechnology.
Temporal properties of transcutaneous direct current motor conduction block
Authors: Green David B , Bender Shane A , Acker III Gustaf M Van , Hill Hannah E , Kilgore Kevin L , Bhadra Niloy , Vrabec Tina L 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective. Direct current (DC) electrical block of peripheral nerve conduction shows promise for clinical applications to treat spasticity, pain, and cardiac arrhythmias. Most previous work has used invasive nerve cuffs. Here we investigate the potential of non-invasive transcutaneous DC motor block (tDCB). Approach. In anesthetized rats, force output from the tibialis and peroneus muscles was measured in response to stimulation proximally on the sciatic nerve. DC blocking waveforms were delivered via a surface electrode placed distally on the skin over the common peroneal nerve. The efficacy of the block was observed as the reduction/abolition of muscle force. Experiments using this model were performed with two different electrode types. A range of DC amplitudes and durations were used to elucidate the temporal properties of block. Main results. Higher levels of DC resulted in a larger block percentage. The amount of time needed to induce block depended on the level of DC, with smaller amplitudes resulting in longer induction times. When block was applied for a longer period of time (120s), the block was sustained following DC delivery. This ‘recovery period’ was longer for higher amplitudes of block. In addition to the block thresholds and temporal effects, two additional evaluations were made: In some animals the efficacy of tDCB to block tetanic muscle contractions was successfully verified. Finally, the effect of tDCB on the stability of nerve conduction was verified using a second distal electrode for comparison. Significance. In this study, tDCB has been shown to reversibly block action potentials in peripheral motor nerves. A subthreshold amplitude applied for a longer duration could produce complete or partial block following a brief induction time. Also, a higher amplitude was associated with a longer recovery time. These temporal properties are important considerations for potential clinical applications.
Entanglement asymmetry in the critical XXZ spin chain
Authors: Lastres Marco , Murciano Sara , Ares Filiberto , Calabrese Pasquale 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We study the explicit breaking of a SU(2) symmetry to a U(1) subgroup employing the entanglement asymmetry, a recently introduced observable that measures how much symmetries are broken in a part of extended quantum systems. We consider as specific model the critical XXZ spin chain, which breaks the SU(2) symmetry of spin rotations except at the isotropic point, and is described by the massless compact boson in the continuum limit. We examine the U(1) subgroup of SU(2) that is broken outside the isotropic point by applying conformal perturbation theory, which we complement with numerical simulations on the lattice. We also analyse the entanglement asymmetry of the full SU(2) group. By relying on very generic scaling arguments, we derive an asymptotic expression for it.
CZT detector based spectrometer for drone and balloon borne measurements
Authors: Hildén T. , Kalliokoski M. , Leppänen A.-P. , Paatero J. , Sorri J. , Turpeinen R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Balloon-borne Instrument for Spectral Scanning of high-altitude Environments (BISSE) is a lightweight gamma-ray measurement setup that can be placed in standard weather balloons and can be retrieved after the flight. This allows multiple flights with a relatively small cost. The purpose of BISSE is to record spectral information on radiation at high altitudes. To obtain good spectral resolution with relatively small weight we use a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detector which has crystal dimension of 1 cm cubed. The commercially available detector is housed in a container which holds it at normal pressure at high altitudes. In this paper we present the design of our setup and show some measurement results. We also simulated the expected response of the detector at various altitudes.
Parallel CPU- and GPU-based connected component algorithms for event building for hybrid pixel detectors
Authors: Čelko T. , Mráz F. , Bergmann B. , Mánek P. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The latest generation of Timepix series hybrid pixel detectors enhance particle tracking with high spatial and temporal resolution. However, their high hit-rate capability poses challenges for data processing, particularly in multidetector configurations or systems like Timepix4. Storing and processing each hit offline is inefficient for such high data throughput. To efficiently group partly unsorted pixel hits into clusters for particle event characterization, we explore parallel approaches for online clustering to enable real-time data reduction. Although using multiple CPU cores improved throughput, scaling linearly with the number of cores, load-balancing issues between processing and I/O led to occasional data loss.
We propose a parallel connected component labeling algorithm using a union-find structure with path compression optimized for zero-suppression data encoding. Our GPU implementation achieved a throughput of up to 300 million hits per second, providing a two-order-of-magnitude speedup over compared CPU-based methods while also freeing CPU resources for I/O handling and reducing the data loss.
Modulation of western North Pacific tropical cyclone decadal variability by the Victoria mode
Authors: Wen Tao , Li Jianping , Tu Shifei , Ding Ruiqiang , Zhong Quanjia , Li Xumin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Intense tropical cyclones (TCs) in the southeastern western North Pacific (SE-WNP) significantly impact East Asian coastal nations. Decadal variability in TC genesis frequency (TCGF) has been linked to the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), a major sea surface temperature (SST) pattern in the North Pacific. However, based on extended observation records, we show that the decadal variability of SE-WNP TCGF is mainly driven by the Victoria mode (VM), a secondary but prominent SST pattern in the North Pacific. During the positive VM phase, the SE-WNP TCGF is more than usual due to the anomalous large-scale environmental fields induced by the VM-related central North Pacific SST anomalies; conversely, the SE-WNP TCGF is less during the negative VM phase. This highlights the crucial role of the VM in modulating TC activity, challenging the traditional view that the PDO is the dominant factor, with important implications for SE-WNP TC climate predictions.
Enhancing Hydroponic Systems with ESP32: An IoT Approach to Real-Time Monitoring and Automation
Authors: Kurniasari Arvita Agus , Dewi Puspitasari Pramuditha Shinta , Perdanasari Lukie , Mei Yuana Dia Bitari , Jumiatun  
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Indonesia’s limited arable land, exacerbated by urbanization and industrialization, poses a significant challenge to sustainable agriculture. With only 7.1 million hectares of paddy fields and 30% of the land deemed critical or unproductive, innovative methods like hydroponics are essential. Hydroponics, a cultivation technique relying on water and nutrient solutions instead of soil, requires precise environmental management. This research introduces an IoT-based system to optimize hydroponic farming in Indonesia. The system utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller to monitor and control environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, pH, nutrient concentration, and light intensity. By automating adjustments, the system aims to enhance plant growth and yield. A prototyping method was adopted to ensure effective system development, resulting in a final product that meets desired objectives. Through testing, the system components demonstrated their expected performance, accurately collecting data and responding automatically to environmental changes. The 10 tests conducted under varying conditions revealed that the IoT device accurately measured temperature, humidity, and soil moisture. These results validate the successful integration of IoT technology into hydroponic systems, contributing to sustainable and efficient hydroponic agriculture in Indonesia.
Ergonomic Evaluation of a Drum Dryer Machine Using the RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) Method: Case Study Instant Sweet Potato Flour Production
Authors: Mayasti N K I , Novianti F , Septiyansyah H , Hidayat D D , Indriati A , Furqon M , Herminiati A , Rahman T , Andriansyah R C E , Rahayuningtyas A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The instant sweet potato flour production process using a drum dryer machine consists of 3 operators with different tasks and unnatural working postures. The working principle of the drum dryer machine is to dry the instant flour dough with a double cylinder equipped with a heater so that dry dough sheets are produced. Operator 1 is tasked with inserting liquid dough into the top of the cylinder, and operators 2 and 3 take dry dough sheets from the front and back. This research evaluates ergonomics by analyzing working posture when operating a drum dryer machine to make instant flour. The method used is RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment). The research results show that the working posture of operators 1 and 2 has a final score of 7 with an ergonomic level of 4. Operator 3 has a score of 6 with an ergonomic level of 3. Ergonomic risk level 4 indicates that the working posture of operators 1 and 2 has a high risk and requires immediate improvement to minimize the risk of injury to MSDs.
Agronomic performance, genetic variability estimation and mutant selection in M3 generation of sorghum under optimum condition
Authors: Anisiyah  , Indriatama Wijaya Murti , Sihono  , Bachtiar Taufiq , Nurcholis Muhammad , Herlambang Susila , Human Soeranto 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The population resulting from mutations in the M3 generation generally has a diversity that can be selected to obtain mutants with the desired character. This study aimed to observe the agronomic performances of the M3 generation of sorghum and to estimate its genetic parameters as information for selection. The genetic materials used in this research were 242 sorghum mutant lines of the M3 generation, and six comparison genotypes, namely Numbu, Samurai-1, Kawali, Pahat, B-35, and Watar Hammu Putih (parent). This experiment used an augmented design. The result analysis revealed that the genotype treatments affected the differences in performance of panicle length, stem diameter, and chlorophyll content characters. Significant differences were also seen between the control genotypes on all the observed characters. The appearance of sorghum mutant lines and control genotypes showed substantial differences in panicle length, stem diameter, panicle weight, biomass weight, leaf chlorophyll content, and seed yield characters. The wide genetic diversity and high heritability values were indicated by plant height, panicle length, panicle weight, and chlorophyll content characters. Using panicle weight as a selection character in M3 populations has increased the differential selection of stem diameter, leaf chlorophyll content, biomass, and seed yield characters.
Assessment of insect population abundance and its effect on the production value of fresh fruit bunches of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Authors: Taufika R , Erawati D N , Fisdiana U , Humaida S , Harlianingtyas I 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Over the last three years, Crude Palm Oil (CPO) production in Indonesia has fluctuated. One of the factors causing fluctuations in CPO production is resistance and resurgence, which causes an explosion in the population of secondary pests and a decrease in the population of pollinator insects and natural enemies. This study aimed to analyze the insect population based on the abundance level and insects’ role in oil palm plantations. It also analyzed the estimated production of oil palm fresh fruit bundles based on fruit census based on age. The research was conducted in the 7-year-old oil palm collection garden of Politeknik Negeri Jember. Insect population data were collected for 90 consecutive days in all oil palm trees. Production estimation was carried out by census of fruits aged 0-1, 1-2, 2-3, 3-4, 4-5, and 5-6 months. Parameters observed were an abundance of each insect species and estimated and realized production. Data analysis used the Shannon-Wienner diversity index, production estimation equation, and production distribution. The results showed that insects caught in oil palm plantations were ten families, with a total of 614 individuals, with the family of Formicidae having the highest species abundance. Estimated oil palm production 2024 for 12 consecutive months is 266; 252.5; 234.1; 215.7; 169.8; 156.1; 133.1; 128,5; 105,6; 192,8; 252,5; 270,8 kg. This shows that insect populations affect the value of fresh fruit bunch production.