bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discerning alumina ball wear from confounding metal transfer artifact
Authors: Brown S. S. , Kawanabe K. , Manaka M. , Williams P. , Good V. , Clarke I. C. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractOn dismounting a ceramic femoral ball from its metal trunnion, there is usually a range of gray metallic bands transferred to the trunnion bore inside the ball. This creates an artifact that may compromise detection by weight of the exceedingly low wear rates of ceramic balls. The objective of this study was to compare the weight trending of the metal trunnions and their ceramic balls during conditioning studies. Our hypothesis was that a pretest conditioning protocol would eliminate or greatly reduce the metal transfer artifact. The balls and tapers were placed on a hip simulator under 300–600 load cycles but with no articulation. The balls were then dismounted from the trunnions, and both were cleaned and weighed. This was repeated 6–23 times. We developed a novel hydraulic method for dismounting balls from trunnions that proved to be safe and efficient. There was significant weight loss in the trunnions after the ball removal, but there was no corresponding weight gain in the alumina balls. The weight effect of the metal transfer appeared to have been removed from the balls with our standard cleaning procedures. Therefore, wear rates for alumina balls may be gravimetrically determined without compensating for the metal transfer from trunnion to ball. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2005
Modification of wool fabric using ecologically acceptable UV‐assisted treatments
Authors: El‐Sayed H , El‐Khatib E 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWool fabric was modified using ecologically acceptable treatments in order to enhance its shrinkage and pilling resistance. Wool fabrics were irradiated with ultraviolet light for different period of times. The UV‐irradiated wool fabrics were then treated with an oxidising agent (hydrogen peroxide or sodium monoperoxyphthalate) or a protease enzyme (papain or savinase 16L type EX). Treatment of wool fabric with these systems was found to be effective in reducing its pilling and shrinkage without severe loss in weight and strength of the fabric. Chemical and mechanical analyses of the treated samples compared with the untreated one are reported. Transmission electron microscopy investigation of the untreated and treated wool samples was used to identify the histological component in wool keratin affected by these treatments. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Biosorption of heavy metals by chemically‐activated alga Fucus vesiculosus
Authors: Rincón J , González F , Ballester A , Blázquez ML , Muñoz JA 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe sorption capacity of the brown alga Fucus vesiculosus for copper, cadmium, lead and nickel was investigated. Metal sorption yields were modified using different kinds of pretreatment reagents: HCl, CaCl2, formaldehyde, Na2CO3 and NaOH. The Langmuir isotherm was applied to both the non‐treated and all treated biomass tests. Calcium chloride was the only chemical that improved the maximum sorption capacity of the biomass. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 17: Extension of phenotype with putaminal rim hyperintensity on magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Loy Clement T. , Sweeney Mary G. , Davis Mary B. , Wills Adrian J. , Sawle Guy V. , Lees Andrew J. , Tabrizi Sarah J. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe report on a 50‐year‐old woman who presented with an 8‐year history of involuntary movements, unsteadiness, and cognitive decline. Examination revealed multidomain cognitive deficits, jerky ocular pursuit movements, hypometric saccades, gaze impersistence, dysarthria, upper limb dystonia, and widespread chorea. TATA‐binding protein gene test revealed trinucleotide expansion allele sizes of 47 and 39 repeats, confirming the diagnosis of spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA‐17). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed marked cerebellar atrophy and putaminal rim hyperintensity. This is the first case of SCA‐17 reported to show MRI signal change in the basal ganglia, and extends the phenotypic manifestation of SCA‐17. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Clinical feature profile of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1–8 predicts genetically defined subtypes
Authors: Maschke Matthias , Oehlert Gary , Xie Ting‐Dong , Perlman Susan , Subramony Sub H. , Kumar Neeraj , Ptacek Louis J. , Gomez Christopher M. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractAn increasing number of genetically defined types of spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) have been reported in the past decade. Phenotype–genotype correlation studies have suggested a broad overlap between SCA types. The aim of the present study was to identify patterns of clinical features that were likely to distinguish between SCA types and to test the specificity and sensitivity of these signs and symptoms using a Bayesian classifier. In total, 127 patients from 50 families with SCA types 1 to 8 were examined using a worksheet with a panel of 33 symptoms and signs. By computing the probabilities of each trait for each SCA type, we rated the predictive value of each feature for each form of ataxia and then combined the probabilities for the entire panel of traits to construct a Bayesian classifier. Results of this analysis were summarized in a simpler, more operator‐based algorithm. Patients with SCA5, SCA6, and SCA8 demonstrated a predominant cerebellar syndrome, whereas patients with SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, SCA4, and SCA7 frequently had clinical features indicating an extracerebellar involvement. The Bayesian classifier predicted the SCA type in 78% of patients with sensitivities between 60 and 100% and specificities between 94 and 98.2%. The highest sensitivity to correctly predict the true SCA type was found for SCA5, SCA7, and SCA8. Sensitivities and specificities found in the present study validate the use of algorithms to help to prioritize specific SCA gene testing, which will help to reduce costs for gene testing. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Efficient internal pallidal stimulation in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: A case report
Authors: Diederich Nico J. , Kalteis Karin , Stamenkovic Mara , Pieri Vannina , Alesch François 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe usefulness of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of thalamic nuclei in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) has recently been advocated. We report on a 14‐month follow‐up study of a patient with intractable GTS in whom bilateral DBS of the internal globus pallidus was carried out. Tic frequency per minute decreased by 73% in the postoperative phase and in particular the vocal tics became less intense. Pronation/ supination bradykinesia of the left extremities was a well‐tolerated, permanent side effect. Pallidal DBS could become a valuable rescue therapy for otherwise intractable GTS. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Paraneoplastic chorea with leukoencephalopathy presenting with obsessive–compulsive and behavioral disorder
Authors: Muehlschlegel Susanne , Okun Michael S. , Foote Kelly D. , Coco Dominique , Yachnis Anthony T. , Fernandez Hubert H. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractChorea is a rare manifestation of paraneoplastic disease and is associated with CV2/CRMP‐5 antibodies. Obsessive–compulsive disorder and large‐scale white matter abnormalities on MRI have not been previously reported in association with these antibodies. We report on a case of CV2 paraneoplastic syndrome with obsessive–compulsive behavior preceding the motor manifestations of chorea with associated leukoencephalopathy on MRI. The literature on paraneoplastic chorea is reviewed. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Sonographic assessment of urinary retention in multiple system atrophy and idiopathic Parkinson's disease
Authors: Hahn Kirsten , Ebersbach Georg 
Published: July 2005

AbstractSonography of the bladder was performed before and after voluntary voiding in 20 subjects with possible/probable multiple system atrophy (MSA), 20 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), and 20 healthy controls. Mean residual volume was 173 ml (SD, 194) in MSA and significantly increased compared to both PD (21 ml; SD, 49) and controls (13 ml; SD, 12). Incomplete voiding (>100 ml of residual volume) was found in 11 subjects with MSA but only in 1 patient with PD. Positive predictive value of increased residual volume for MSA was 91.6% in this study, whereas negative predictive value was only 67.8. Bladder sonography is an objective, simple, and safe tool that allows one to screen for urinary retention, which is highly suggestive but incompletely sensitive for MSA. Because sonography is easily accessible and rapidly performed, it is feasible for routine assessment of atypical Parkinsonism. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Clinical and neurophysiologic spectrum of orthostatic tremor: Case series of 26 subjects
Authors: Piboolnurak Panida , Yu Qiping P. , Pullman Seth L. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractOrthostatic tremor (OT) is a condition described as high‐frequency tremors predominantly in the legs and trunk, which are present not only in the standing position but also during isometric contraction of the limb muscles. This report is one of the largest OT series describing clinical and neurophysiologic findings in 26 subjects with OT. The main findings included 13.0 to 18.6 Hz leg tremors while standing with varied patterns of phase relationships between the antagonists of the ipsilateral leg and between the homologous muscles of the contralateral leg, short latency tremor onset upon standing with abrupt cessation after sitting, coexistence of tremors in the cranial structures and the arms, and sense of unsteadiness without actual falls. Although the oscillator of OT is most likely located in the brainstem, cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum may also be involved in its pathogenesis. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Suboptimal medication adherence in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Grosset Katherine A. , Bone Ian , Grosset Donald G. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractPatients take less medication than prescribed in many disease areas but evidence for suboptimal therapy adherence in Parkinson's disease (PD) is limited. A single‐center observational study of antiparkinsonian medication was undertaken using electronic monitoring (MEMS; Aardex, Zug, Switzerland) over 3 months. Of 68 patients approached, 6 declined and 8 dropped out, leaving 54 patients (taking 117 preparations) with available data. Poorer compliance was associated significantly with younger age, with taking more antiparkinsonian tablets per day, with higher depression scores, and with poorer quality of life. Of the 54 evaluable patients, 11 (20%) had average total compliance of under 80% (underusers) and 43 (80%) had average total compliance of over 80% (satisfactory adherence). Underusers had median total compliance of 65% (interquartile range, 37–74) versus 98% (interquartile range, 93–102) in the satisfactory adherence group. Timing compliance (number of doses taken in the correct time interval) was poor in both underusers (median, 11%; interquartile range, 2–20) and those with satisfactory adherence (median, 25%; interquartile range, 11–73). In conclusion, poorer compliance is associated with younger age, depression, and more tablets per day, and one‐fifth of PD patients underuse medication. Consideration of drug therapy adherence has implications in the management of PD. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Burden of disease related to Parkinson's disease in Spain in the year 2000
Authors: Cubo Esther , Alvarez Elena , Morant Consuelo , De Pedro Cuesta Jesús , Martínez Martín Pablo , Génova Ricard , Freire José Manuel 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe measured the burden caused by Parkinson's disease (PD) in Spain during the year 2000 and compared it against PD burden worldwide and in the European A subregion. Burden of disease (BoD) is an important factor in health policy. Disability‐adjusted life years (DALY) as a measure of BoD is the result of adding years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLD). The burden of PD (BPD) has not been studied in Spain. YLL were obtained from the Spanish death certificates and YLD from the estimated number of incident PD cases and the average PD duration. PD disability was calculated, using the Disability Weights for Diseases in the Netherlands. Prior PD DALY data for Europe and the world were obtained from the 2001 World Health Organization World Health Report. A discount rate of 3% and age‐weighting modulation factor with K = 1 were used. In Spain, PD generated 67,582 DALY, comprising 6,351 (9.4%) YLL and 61,231 (90.6%) YLD. Most PD DALY (57.5%) occurred in the population 60 to 74 years of age. When PD DALY estimates were adjusted using the world population in 2000, Spain registered a PD DALY rate of 84 per 100,000 population, higher than both the world and European A subregion rates (24 and 35 per 100,000 population, respectively). PD burden in Spain in 2000 was high, with disability being the major contributing factor. Although BPD in Spain was greater than both world and European A subregion BPD, these differences should nevertheless be interpreted with caution. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Cancer cell‐secreted proteomes as a basis for searching potential tumor markers: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma as a model
Authors: Wu Chih‐Ching , Chien Kun‐Yi , Tsang Ngan‐Ming , Chang Kai‐Ping , Hao Sheng‐Po , Tsao Chuang‐Hui , Chang Yu‐Sun , Yu Jau‐Song 
Published: July 2005

AbstractNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is commonly diagnosed late due to its deep location and vague symptoms. To identify biomarkers for early NPC diagnosis, secreted proteomes of two NPC cell lines were analyzed. Proteins in the NPC cell‐line cultured media were systematically identified by SDS‐PAGE combined with MALDI‐TOF MS. Twenty‐three proteins were found in cultured media from both NPC cell lines. Among them, fibronectin, Mac‐2 binding protein (Mac‐2 BP), and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI‐1) were further confirmed by Western blot analysis. These three proteins were highly expressed in NPC biopsies, but weakly or not expressed in normal nasopharyngeal tissues. The serum levels of the three proteins were significantly higher in NPC patients (n = 46) than in normal controls (n = 47) (p < 0.01). NPC nude mice model (n = 9) also showed elevated levels of serum Mac‐2 BP and PAI‐1 compared with tumor‐free mice (n = 9) (p < 0.01). Systematic analysis of cancer cell‐secreted proteomes combined with animal tumor models can be a feasible, convenient strategy for searching multiple potential tumor markers. Furthermore, our work shows that fibronectin, Mac‐2 BP, and PAI‐1 may be potential markers for diagnosis of NPC.
Analysis of secreted proteins from Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Medina Martha L. , Haynes Paul A. , Breci Linda , Francisco Wilson A. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractMS/MS techniques in proteomics make possible the identification of proteins from organisms with little or no genome sequence information available. Peptide sequences are obtained from tandem mass spectra by matching peptide mass and fragmentation information to protein sequence information from related organisms, including unannotated genome sequence data. This peptide identification data can then be grouped and reconstructed into protein data. In this study, we have used this approach to study protein secretion by Aspergillus flavus, a filamentous fungus for which very little genome sequence information is available. A. flavus is capable of degrading the flavonoid rutin (quercetin 3‐O‐glycoside), as the only source of carbon via an extracellular enzyme system. In this continuing study, a proteomic analysis was used to identify secreted proteins from A. flavus when grown on rutin. The growth media glucose and potato dextrose were used to identify differentially expressed secreted proteins. The secreted proteins were analyzed by 1‐ and 2‐DE and MS/MS. A total of 51 unique A. flavus secreted proteins were identified from the three growth conditions. Ten proteins were unique to rutin‐, five to glucose‐ and one to potato dextrose‐grown A. flavus. Sixteen secreted proteins were common to all three media. Fourteen identifications were of hypothetical proteins or proteins of unknown functions. To our knowledge, this is the first extensive proteomic study conducted to identify the secreted proteins from a filamentous fungus.
Chromatofocusing fractionation and two‐dimensional difference gel electrophoresis for low abundance serum proteins
Authors: Qin Shuzhen , Ferdinand Angeline S. , Richie Jerome P. , O'Leary Michael P. , Mok Samuel C. , Liu Brian C.‐S. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe technical challenge to analysis of the serum proteome is that the serum proteins are present at unequal concentrations. A few are so dominant, such as serum albumin and immunoglobulins, that they mask detection of other proteins. Because of these high abundance proteins, current technologies, while theoretically capable of analyzing protein amounts spanning four orders of magnitude, are only able to analyze proteins ranging over two orders of magnitude and cannot analyze the lower abundance proteins that may be the next biomarkers and drug targets. To facilitate the identification of low abundance proteins, we fractionated serum samples from patients with prostate cancer and patients with benign prostate hyperplasia using anion displacement liquid chromatofocusing chromatography, which separates proteins by a pH gradient and a positively charged column. Differential expression of proteins from fractions was then determined and identified by IEF gels and 2‐D DIGE. Results demonstrate improved resolution of proteins within the chosen pH gradient when compared to the unfractionated samples. Several proteins that were differentially expressed in serum from patients with prostate cancer were identified in the fractionated serum. Three of these proteins, squamous cell carcinoma antigen 1 (SCCA1), calgranulin B, and haptoglobin‐related protein, are present in the serum at levels below the classical protein level of mg/mL. SCCA1 is normally expressed in serum at ng/mL levels, and calgranulin B is an intracellular protein. Our results demonstrate that the use of anion displacement liquid chromatofocusing chromatography may reduce the complexity of the serum proteome by separating proteins into distinct pH ranges, and facilitate the identification of low abundance proteins.
Proteomic characterization of human normal articular chondrocytes: A novel tool for the study of osteoarthritis and other rheumatic diseases
Authors: Ruiz‐Romero Cristina , López‐Armada María J. , Blanco Francisco J. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractArticular cartilage is composed of cells and an extracellular matrix. The chondrocyte is the only cell type present in mature cartilage, and it is important in the control of cartilage integrity. There is currently a great lack of knowledge about the chondrocyte proteome. To solve this deficiency, we have obtained the first reference map of the human normal articular chondrocyte. Cells were isolated from cartilages obtained from autopsies without history of joint disease. Cultured cells were used to obtain protein extracts which were resolved by 2‐DE and visualized by silver nitrate or CBB staining. Almost 200 spots were excised from the gels and analyzed using MALDI‐TOF or MALDI‐TOF/TOF MS. The analysis leads to the identification of 136 spots that represent 93 different proteins. A significant proportion of proteins are involved in cell organization (26%), energy (16%), protein fate (14%), metabolism (12%), and cell stress (12%). From all the identified proteins, annexins, vimentin, transgelin, destrin, cathepsin D, heat shock protein 47, and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase were more abundant in chondrocytes than in other types of mesenchymal cells such as Jurkat‐T cells. As metabolic program of chondrocytes is altered in osteoarthritis and other rheumatic diseases, this proteomic map is an important tool for future studies on these pathologies.
Maximising sensitivity for detecting changes in protein expression: Experimental design using minimal CyDyes
Authors: Karp Natasha A. , Lilley Kathryn S. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractDIGE is a powerful tool for measuring changes in protein expression between samples. Here we assess the assumptions of normality and heterogeneity of variance that underlie the univariate statistical tests routinely used to detect proteins with expression changes. Furthermore, the technical variance experienced in a multigel experiment is assessed here and found to be reproducible within‐ and across‐sample types. Utilising the technical variance measured, a power study is completed for several ‘typical’ fold changes in expression commonly used as thresholds by researchers. Based on this study using DeCyder, guidance is given on the number of gel replicates that are needed for the experiment to have sufficient sensitivity to detect expression changes. A two‐dye system based on utilising just Cy3 and Cy5 was found to be more reproducible than the three‐dye system. A power and cost‐benefit analysis performed here suggests that the traditional three‐dye system would use fewer resources in studies where multiple samples are compared. Technical variance was shown to encompass both experimental and analytical noise and thus is dependent on the analytical software utilised. Data is provided as a resource to the community to assess alternative software and upgrades.
Sociomics! Using the IssueCrawler to map, monitor and engage with the global proteomics research network
Authors: McNally Ruth 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe invite comment upon an experiment to locate proteomics on the WWW using a software tool called the IssueCrawler. We call our research “sociomics” because, like the bioscience omics, it is a semi‐automated, computerised approach to the global analysis of data, whose computerised results can be integrated towards the development of a new “systems sociology” approach to the study of society. Our findings are that proteomics on the web is a scale‐free network whose nodes display considerable “dynamic range”.
Synthesis and characterization of novel biodegradable unsaturated poly(ester amide)/poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate hydrogels
Authors: Guo Kai , Chu C. C. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractA series of novel biodegradable hydrogels were designed and synthesized from four types of unsaturated poly(ester amide) (UPEA) and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEG‐DA) precursors by UV photocrosslinking. These newly synthesized biodegradable UPEA/PEG‐DA hydrogels were characterized by their gel fraction (Gf), equilibrium swelling ratio (Qeq), compressive modulus, and interior morphology. The effect of the precursor feed ratio (UPEAs to PEG‐DA) on the properties of the hydrogels was also studied. The incorporation of UPEA polymers into the PEG‐DA hydrogels increased their hydrophobicity, crosslinking density (denser network), and mechanical strength (higher compressive modulus) but reduced Qeq. When different types of UPEA precursors were coupled with PEG‐DA at the same feed ratio (20 wt %), the resulting hydrogels had similar Qeq values and porous three‐dimensional interior morphologies but different Gf and compressive modulus values. These differences in the hydrogel properties were correlated to the chemical structures of the UPEA precursors; that is, the different locations of the >CC< double bonds in individual UPEA segments resulted in their different reactivities toward PEG‐DA to form hydrogels. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 3932–3944, 2005