bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of land preparation methods for soil stabilization, revegetation, and renewed productivity in semi‐arid climates
Authors: Lardy Jarrett , DeSutter Tom , Meehan Miranda , Daigh Aaron , Staricka James , Derby Nathan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the Williston Basin, land‐preparation treatments have not been compared in side‐by‐side trials to evaluate performance for parameters such as runoff, erosion, and vegetation establishment. Thus, four treatments of wheat‐straw crimping, land imprinting, wood‐fiber hydromulch, and the combination of land imprinting and hydromulch were evaluated against a bare soil control in a replicated and randomized completed block field experiment near Williston, ND. Rainfall simulations were performed in September 2020 and June 2021 to examine the effectiveness of the treatments to reduce runoff and sediment losses. Vegetation establishment was also evaluated in August 2021. The wheat straw treatment reduced the equivalent depth of runoff by 60% as compared to the bare soil control in 2021. By 2021, the imprinted area had largely become similar in roughness as the control plots and thus sediment losses were not different between these treatments. However, relic effects of the straw and hydromulch treatments reduced sediment loss by 50% or more. Vegetation establishment was not significantly different among treatments and the bare soil control using broadcast seeding, which may have been due to drought conditions causing low establishment in all plots. All the land‐preparation practices evaluated in this study may have limitations in assisting plant establishment during severe or persistent droughts.
Vertebral artery dissection caused by atlantoaxial dislocation in a patient with Marfan syndrome
Authors: Vornetti Gianfranco , Renzetti Benedetta , Vara Giulio , Tonon Caterina , Lodi Raffaele , Conti Alfredo , Serchi Elena , Donti Andrea , Mariucci Elisabetta , Spinardi Luca 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA small number of case reports have documented a link between atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) and vertebral artery dissection (VAD), but this association has never been described in patients with hereditary connective tissue disorders. We present a case of an 18‐year‐old female patient, diagnosed with Marfan syndrome since the age of one, who underwent brain MRA for intracranial aneurysm screening revealing tortuosity of the internal carotid and vertebral arteries as well as atlantoaxial dislocation. Since the patient was asymptomatic, a wait‐and‐see approach was chosen, but a follow‐up MRA after 18 months showed the appearance of a dissecting pseudoaneurysm of the V3 segment of the left vertebral artery. Despite the patient being still asymptomatic, it was decided to proceed with C1–C2 stabilization to prevent further vascular complications. Follow‐up imaging showed realignment of the atlantoaxial joint and reduction of the dissecting pseudoaneurysm of the left vertebral artery. In our patient, screening MRA has led to the discovery of asymptomatic arterial and skeletal abnormalities which, if left untreated, might have led to severe cerebrovascular complications. Therefore, AAD correction or close monitoring with MRA should be provided to MFS patients with this craniovertebral junction anomaly, even if asymptomatic.
Cation Recognition by Dibenzoarsacrowns
Authors: Ogawa Kenta , Sumida Akifumi , Ami Takahiro , Oka Kouki , Tohnai Norimitsu , Miyake Yusuke , Imoto Hiroaki , Naka Kensuke 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe recently reported dibenzoarsacrowns as a novel class of host molecules, and in this work, prepared four dibenzoarsacrowns:12‐dibenzoarsacrown‐4, 15‐dibenzoarsacrown‐5, 18‐dibenzoarsacrown‐6, and 21‐dibenzoarsacrown‐7, and investigated their guest recognition behaviors for alkali metal and ammonium cations (Li+, Na+, K+, and NH4+). It was found that the triphenylarsine moiety of the dibenzoarsacrowns could be electrochemically oxidized and that their oxidation potentials shifted in response to perturbation because of the weak interaction between the arsenic atom and guest cations. Thus, dibenzoarsacrowns could electrochemically detect cations with sizes that fit the host cavity. Electron spin resonance measurements revealed the generation of cation radical species of arsenic under the application of voltage and supported the idea that the interaction between the arsenic atom and guest cations played a crucial role in the detection of cations. In addition, ion chromatography studies showed that size‐selective cation recognition by dibenzoarsacrowns was achievable even in aqueous solutions.
Plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 and phospho‐tau217 concentration ratios increase the accuracy of amyloid PET classification in preclinical Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Rissman Robert A. , Langford Oliver , Raman Rema , Donohue Michael C. , Abdel‐Latif Sara , Meyer Matthew R. , Wente‐Roth Traci , Kirmess Kristopher M. , Ngolab Jennifer , Winston Charisse N. , Jimenez‐Maggiora Gustavo , Rafii Michael S. , Sachdev Pallavi , West Tim , Yarasheski Kevin E. , Braunstein Joel B. , Irizarry Michael , Johnson Keith A. , Aisen Paul S. , Sperling Reisa A. ,   for the AHEAD 3‐45 Study team
Published: November 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONIncorporating blood‐based Alzheimer's disease biomarkers such as tau and amyloid beta (Aβ) into screening algorithms may improve screening efficiency.METHODSPlasma Aβ, phosphorylated tau (p‐tau)181, and p‐tau217 concentration levels from AHEAD 3–45 study participants were measured using mass spectrometry. Tau concentration ratios for each proteoform were calculated to normalize for inter‐individual differences. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed for each biomarker against amyloid positivity, defined by > 20 Centiloids. Mixture of experts analysis assessed the value of including tau concentration ratios into the existing predictive algorithm for amyloid positron emission tomography status.RESULTSThe area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) was 0.87 for Aβ42/Aβ40, 0.74 for phosphorylated variant p‐tau181 ratio (p‐tau181/np‐tau181), and 0.92 for phosphorylated variant p‐tau217 ratio (p‐tau217/np‐tau217). The Plasma Predicted Centiloid (PPC), a predictive model including p‐tau217/np‐tau217, Aβ42/Aβ40, age, and apolipoprotein E improved AUC to 0.95.DISCUSSIONIncluding plasma p‐tau217/np‐tau217 along with Aβ42/Aβ40 in predictive algorithms may streamline screening preclinical individuals into anti‐amyloid clinical trials. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04468659Highlights
The addition of plasma phosphorylated variant p‐tau217 ratio (p‐tau217/np‐tau217) significantly improved plasma biomarker algorithms for identifying preclinical amyloid positron emission tomography positivity.
Prediction performance at higher NAV Centiloid levels was improved with p‐tau217/np‐tau217.
All models generated for this study are incorporated into the Plasma Predicted Centiloid (PPC) app for public use.
Sequence‐Tunable Phase Behavior and Intrinsic Fluorescence in Dynamically Interacting Peptides
Authors: Sementa Deborah , Dave Dhwanit , Fisher Rachel S. , Wang Tong , Elbaum‐Garfinkle Shana , Ulijn Rein V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA conceptual framework towards understanding biological condensed phases is emerging, derived from biological, biomimetic, and synthetic sequences. However, de novo peptide condensate design remains a challenge due to an incomplete understanding of the structural and interactive complexity. We designed peptide modules based on a simple repeat motif composed of tripeptide spacers (GSG, SGS, GLG) interspersed with adhesive amino acids (R/H and Y). We show, using sequence editing and a combination of computation and experiment, that n→π* interactions in GLG backbones are a dominant factor in providing sufficient backbone structure, which in turn regulates the water interface, collectively promoting liquid droplet formation. Moreover, these R(GLG)Y and H(GLG)Y condensates unexpectedly display sequence‐dependent emission that is a consequence of their non‐covalent network interactions, and readily observable by confocal microscopy.
Bio‐fabrication and characterization of nano‐silver using Kickxia elatine plant and its anti‐diabetic effect on alloxan‐induced Sprague Dawley rats — An in vivo approach
Authors: Huda Noor Ul , Ahmed Mushtaq , Mushtaq Nadia 
Published: November 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent, fatal, and non‐contagious diseases. Therefore, researchers are making attempts to develop novel anti‐diabetic drugs using various organic compounds and biomolecules. The idea of using nano‐materials as anti‐diabetic agents seems interesting. The current study aims to develop Kickxia elatine (KE) extract‐based nano‐silver (KE‐AgNPs) and to evaluate their in vivo anti‐diabetic potency in female Sprague Dawley rats. KE‐AgNPs were characterized using UV spectroscopy, X‐ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Electron Diffraction X‐ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) techniques. The crystalline nature of KE‐AgNPs with a size of 42.47 nm is confirmed by XRD screening. Spherical‐shaped mono‐dispersed KE‐AgNPs with a mean size of 50 nm are validated by SEM examination. The different phyto‐compounds (tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, proteins, saponins, phenols, carbohydrates, quinones, sterols, fats, and oils) that contribute to the stabilization and reduction of KE‐AgNPs are confirmed by FTIR analysis. EDX showed a strong peak (3.2 keV) that identified Ag as the main component with a 61.67% contribution. The use of Alloxan to induce diabetes resulted in elevated levels of blood sugar, HbA1c, liver, and lipid profile, as well as a drastic reduction in body weight, body organ weight, and Hemoglobin. These modifications were switched following 21 days of treatment of diabetic rats, and a dosage range of 150–450 mg kg−1 BW of KE extract and KE‐AgNPs demonstrated significant inhibition as compared with the diabetic untreated group. The phytochemical analysis of the KE plant was also assessed to examine the phyto‐compounds involved in the anti‐diabetic potential of KE extract and KE‐AgNPs. These findings suggested that, in comparison with the KE extract, KE‐AgNPs have demonstrated promising anti‐diabetic action.
Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Directed C−H Functionalization in/on Water
Authors: Shah Tariq A. , Sarkar Tanumay , Kar Subhradeep , Maharana Prabhat Kumar , Talukdar Kangkan , Punniyamurthy Tharmalingam 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDirecting group assisted C−H bond functionalization using transition‐metal‐catalysis has emerged as a reliable synthetic tool for the construction of regioselective carbon‐carbon/heteroatom bonds. Off late, “in/on water directed transition‐metal‐catalysis”, though still underdeveloped, has appeared as one of the prominent themes in sustainable organic chemistry. This article covers the advancements, mechanistic insights and application of the sustainable directed C−H bond functionalization of (hetero)arenes in/on water in the presence of transition‐metal‐catalysis.
Investigation of Mechanochromic Luminescence of Pyrene‐based Aggregation‐Induced Emission Luminogens: Correlation between Molecular Packing and Luminescence Behavior
Authors: Varghese Eldhose V. , Yao Chia‐Yu , Chen Chia‐Hsiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo better understand the correlation between molecular structure and optical properties such as aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) and mechanochromic luminescence (MCL) emission, two new pyrene‐based derivatives with substitutions at the 4‐ and 5‐positions (1HH) and at the 4‐, 5‐, 9‐, and 10‐positions (2HH) were designed and synthesized. Cyano groups were introduced at the periphery of the synthesized compounds (1HCN, 1OCN, 1BCN, 2HCN, 2OCN, and 2BCN) to investigate the influence of these groups on the emission properties of the pyrene derivatives both in solution and in the solid state. The fluorescence emission performance of these compounds in water/acetone mixtures was simultaneously studied, revealing outstanding aggregation‐induced emission properties. The typical shift in emission maxima to higher values was attributed to J‐aggregate formation in the aggregate state. Careful investigation of the crystal structures demonstrated abundant and intense intermolecular interactions, such as C−H…π and C−H…N hydrogen bonds, contributing to the remarkable mechanochromic luminescence performance of these compounds. The MCL properties of all the compounds were investigated using powder X‐ray diffraction, and the remarkable mechanochromic properties were attributed to J‐aggregate phenomena in the solid state. These results provide valuable insights into the structure‐property relationship of organic MCL materials, guiding the design of efficient organic MCL materials.
Leveraging automated approaches to categorize birth defects from abstracted birth hospitalization data
Authors: Newton Suzanne M. , Distler Samantha , Woodworth Kate R. , Chang Daniel , Roth Nicole M. , Board Amy , Hutcherson Hailee , Cragan Janet D. , Gilboa Suzanne M. , Tong Van T. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Pregnant People and Infants Network (SET‐NET) collects data abstracted from medical records and birth defects registries on pregnant people and their infants to understand outcomes associated with prenatal exposures. We developed an automated process to categorize possible birth defects for prenatal COVID‐19, hepatitis C, and syphilis surveillance. By employing keyword searches, fuzzy matching, natural language processing (NLP), and machine learning (ML), we aimed to decrease the number of cases needing manual clinician review.MethodsSET‐NET captures International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐10‐CM) codes and free text describing birth defects. For unstructured data, we used keyword searches, and then conducted fuzzy matching with a cut‐off match score of ≥90%. Finally, we employed NLP and ML by testing three predictive models to categorize birth defect data.ResultsAs of June 2023, 8326 observations containing data on possible birth defects were submitted to SET‐NET. The majority (n = 6758 [81%]) were matched to an ICD‐10‐CM code and 1568 (19%) were unable to be matched. Through keyword searches and fuzzy matching, we categorized 1387/1568 possible birth defects. Of the remaining 181 unmatched observations, we correctly categorized 144 (80%) using a predictive model.ConclusionsUsing automated approaches allowed for categorization of 99.6% of reported possible birth defects, which helps detect possible patterns requiring further investigation. Without employing these analytic approaches, manual review would have been needed for 1568 observations. These methods can be employed to quickly and accurately sift through data to inform public health responses.
Does grammar school attendance increase the likelihood of attending a prestigious UK university?
Authors: Capsada‐Munsech Queralt , Boliver Vikki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn 2018 the UK government launched a £50 million scheme to fund the expansion of existing grammar schools provided that they increase efforts to attract more pupils from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds. This initiative assumed that grammar school attendance boosts the educational attainment and the higher education progression rates of pupils judged to be of high ability. It is already well established that grammar school pupils' higher average levels of educational attainment are due largely to their academic and social selectivity. The evidence in relation to higher education enrolment conditional on educational attainment, however, is more mixed. This paper sets out to update and improve on previous studies of the impact of grammar school attendance on higher education enrolment. Our analysis of data from the Next Steps longitudinal survey linked to National Pupil Database records finds that propensities to enrol in higher education generally, and at prestigious Russell Group universities specifically, are no better for grammar school pupils than for non‐selective state school pupils with the same level of attainment at GCSE and A‐level. This nil effect of grammar school attendance on progression to higher education net of the effects of educational attainment holds regardless of pupils' socioeconomic background, suggesting that grammar schools are no better than non‐selective state schools as facilitators of upward social mobility.
NLISA versus enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay: Nanozyme‐linked immunosorbent array based on platinum sub‐nanocluster nanozyme for α‐fetoprotein detection
Authors: Zhang Huanzong , Wang Qingshui , Cai Fan , Huang Chaoqun , Wang Yinghui , Zhang Junneng , Huang Jinxu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRapid and accurate identification of tumor metabolic markers is important for early tumor diagnosis and individualized treatment. Here, a stable monodisperse sub‐nanometer platinum (Pt) material was developed as a highly efficient nanozyme with a specific activity of peroxidase as high as 20.86 U mg−1 through the growth of in situ domain‐limited Pt quantum dots via the polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone. Further, the synthesis of large quantities of Pt‐loaded SiO2 (Pt‐SiO2) was determined by silylation reaction and used for naked eye colorimetric testing of human alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP). In particular, the immunization incubation process occurred in preprepared microplates. A nanozyme‐based immunomodel was constructed in the presence of the target AFP, and a chromogenic reaction occurred with exogenous hydrogen peroxide and the chromogenic substrate tetramethylbenzidine. On optimization of experimental conditions, the dynamic working response range for AFP was found to be 0.05–20 ng mL−1, with a limit of detection of 38.7 pg mL−1. This work provides a new strategy to design efficient nanozyme‐based enzyme‐linked immunochromatographic platforms to meet the practical use of replacing natural enzymes.
Assessing the impact of the sustainable development goals on corporate philanthropy: A study of Canada's leading private sector companies
Authors: Billedeau David Benjamin , Wilson Jeffrey 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs) on community investment (CI), otherwise known as corporate philanthropic expenditures, among Canada's leading private sector companies. The study investigates whether there have been discernible shifts in CI relative to net profit after tax (NPAT) before and after the introduction of the SDGs in 2015, and whether corporations' commitment to the SDGs and/or membership in the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC) have resulted in material increases to CI expenditures. The analysis is based on descriptive statistics, comparing the mean and standard deviation of CI as a percentage of NPAT across 58 firms included in our study. The findings reveal a minor decrease in CI as a percentage of NPAT following the introduction of the SDGs and lower average CI amounts among corporations committed to the SDGs and firms with UNGC membership. This paper offers an interpretive analysis of the results, highlighting the implications of potential greenwashing and the importance of corporate transparency. Further, we emphasize the need for policies to ensure genuine corporate financial commitment to socioeconomic and environmental causes.
Augmented reality experience: An examination of viewer responses to sports videos
Authors: Du Zhao , Wang Tianjiao , Wang Fang , Wang Shan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAugmented reality (AR) offers a transforming user experience and has been increasingly integrated into entertainment and service contexts. Drawing on experience economy theory and employing a mixed‐methods approach, this research evaluates the antecedents and consequences of four realms of viewer experiences: entertainment, educational, aesthetic, and escapist experiences, in AR‐infused sports videos. A qualitative study of semi‐structured interviews highlights three critical AR features in sports videos (i.e., novelty, vividness, and informativeness) in shaping viewer experiences. Subsequently, a research model is formulated to elucidate the relationships among AR features, four realms of viewer experiences, and behavioral intentions. A quantitative analysis based on survey data reveals that AR features exert varying effects on viewers' entertainment, educational, and aesthetic experiences, yet none significantly affects escapist experience, which is relatively trivial in viewers' overall experience. Entertainment, educational, aesthetic, and escapist experiences have various influences on viewers' intentions to watch again, to recommend, and to pay, except that entertainment and educational experiences do not significantly affect intention to pay. This research stresses the importance of understanding multiple aspects of user experiences in AR research and provides useful guidelines for AR features and viewer experience design in sports videos.
Dendrocandin U fromDendrobium officinaleKimura et Migo Inhibits M1 Polarization in Alveolar Macrophage by Suppressing NF‐κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Piao Xian‐Mei , Feng Ming‐Feng , Zhao Wei‐Ping , Wu Zhi‐Hang , Zhang Wen‐Wen , Hou Hui‐Min , Wang Jin‐Hui , Wang Li‐Bo , Huang Jian , Zhang Yan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDendrobium officinaleKimura et Migo is a valuable and homologous medicine and food traditional Chinese medicine. Currently there are few studies on the anti‐inflammatory activity of lipophilic components. The aim of this study was to explore the anti‐inflammatory effect and mechanism of the lipophilic compounds inDendrobium officinale. Six compounds were isolated and identified, including three bibenzyl compounds, dendrocandin U, dendronbibisline B, erianin, and three lignans, (−)‐syringaresinol, (+)‐syringaresinol‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside, 5‐methoxy‐(+)‐isolariciresinol. Among them, dendronbibisline B and 5‐methoxy‐(+)‐isolariciresinol were isolated fromDendrobium officinalefor the first time. Besides, we found dendrocandin U, dendronbibisline B and (−)‐syringaresinol exhibited the anti‐inflammation to inhibit nitric oxide secretion induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/interferon (IFN‐γ) in MH−S cells. Furthermore, dendrocandin U could inhibit the expression of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), Cluster of Differentiation 86 (CD86), and reduce inflammatory morphological changes of macrophages. Meanwhile, we confirmed that the anti‐inflammation mechanism of dendrocandin U was to inhibit M1 polarization by suppressing toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)/recombinant myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) signaling pathway. In this paper, dendrocandin U with significant anti‐inflammatory activity was found fromDendrobium officinale, which could provide a basis for the study of its anti‐inflammatory drugs.