bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI ZAKAT PROFESI DI LINGKUNGAN KANTOR DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT DAERAH KABUPATEN SAMBAS PERSPEKTIF MASLAHAH MURSALAH
Authors: Wulan Sari Bela , Asman  , Miswinda  
Published: February 2024

Zakat is worship related to material possessions. These assets are usually in the form of money, commercial goods, livestock, crop products, and so on. Zakat is also a great potential that can be used as capital for state development as well as the predecessors of Islam. The benefit of paying zakat is to cleanse and purify the property they get so that they always get blessings.
The formulation of the problem in this study is: how to Implement Professional Zakat at the Office of the Regional People's Representative Council of Sambas Regency and the Implementation of Professional Zakat at the Office of the Regional People's Representative Council of Sambas Regency Perspective of Maslahah Mursalah.
This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods, and uses an empirical normative approach that examines the implementation or implementation of positive legal provisions (legislation) and written documents in action (factual) on a particular legal event that occurs in society. The result of this study is that the implementation of professional zakat in the Office of the Regional People's Representative Council of Sambas Regency has been carried out in accordance with the procedures for implementing professional zakat, and the point of view of the community about professional zakat is that the payment of professional zakat is very useful to help the community's economy and ease their living burden.
Object-based attention requires monocular visual pathways
Authors: Strommer N. , Al-Janabi S. , Greenberg A. S. , Gabay S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMechanisms of object-based attention (OBA) are commonly associated with the cerebral cortex. However, less is known about the involvement of subcortical visual pathways in these processes. Knowledge of the neural mechanisms subserving OBA can provide insight into the evolutionary trajectory of attentional selection. In the current study, the classic double-rectangle cueing task was implemented using a stereoscope in order to differentiate between the involvement of lower (monocular) and higher (binocular) visual pathways in OBA processes. We found that monocular visual pathways are involved in two main aspects of OBA: exogenous orienting towards a cued object (Experiment 1; N =33) and attentional deployment within a cued object (Experiment 2; N =23); this is evident by the presence of OBA only when both the cue and target were presented to the same eye. Thus, these results indicate that monocular (mostly subcortical) visual regions are not simply passing information to higher cortical areas but have a functional computational role in OBA. These findings emphasize the importance of lower regions in attentional processes and, more specifically, in OBA.
Counterspies and circumstantial evidence in Myasoedov Case (from unpublished archival documents)
Authors: Зверев В.О. 
Published: February 2024

В статье даются независимые общие характеристики и частично освещаются личностные и деловые качества сотрудников контрразведки, осуществлявших оперативное и следственное сопровождение дела жандармского подполковника С. Н. Мясоедова, который до наступления и с начала Первой мировой войны подозревался в сотрудничестве с германской разведкой. Делается вывод о высоком уровне профессионализма контрразведчиков, главным слагаемым которого был накопленный опыт борьбы с иностранным шпионажем в губерниях Привислинского края в условиях мира. Представлены неизвестные ранее результаты военно-розыскной деятельности петроградского охранного отделения и контрразведки. Предварительным следствием, а позже и судом были учтены такие добытые ими косвенные улики, как связь Мясоедова с проститутками Столбиной и Магеровской, собиравшими для него в высших военных и политических кругах Петрограда важные сведения, а также с немецким бароном Э. В. Ганом, который был дискредитирован содействием немецкому шпиону фон Брюммеру. Введенные в научный оборот документы, содержащие упоминания о косвенных доказательствах вины Мясоедова, позволили усомниться в его непричастности к шпионажу и прийти к заключению о перспективности дальнейших архивных поисков и научных изысканий по этой проблеме.
The article covers the objective general characteristics and some personal traits and professional qualities of the counterintelligence officers who participated in operational and investigative support of gendarme officer S. N. Myasoedov’s case. Ht was suspected of collaboration with the German intelligence service during the early part of the First World War. We come to the conclusion that the high level of the counterspies’ proficiency was mainly due to their experience gained in fighting foreign espionage in Vistula Land (Kingdom of Poland) in the previous peaceful decades. The paper refers to previously unknown results of military investigative activities of the Petrograd secret police and counterintelligence, and circumstantial evidence that they found. During the pre-trial investigation and the trial such circumstantial evidence as the connection between Myasoedov and prostitutes Stolbina and Magerovskaya who gathered important information for him in the Petrograd highest military and political circles and Myasoedov’s connection with German baron E. V. Hahn who was compromised by his assistance to the German spy von Brümmer. The documents now introduced into historical discourse contain references to circumstantial evidence of Myasoedov’s guilt and cast doubt on his innocence. Yet further archival work may bring historians to more definitive conclusions about the issue.
The development of corporate culture among Russian students in the 19th — early 20th centuries
Authors: Юркина Н.Н. 
Published: February 2024

Корпоративная культура студенчества формировалась под воздействием многих факторов и к середине XIX века стала охватывать не только учащихся вузов, но и молодежь средних учебных заведений. Для нее были характерны нетерпимость к иному, «не студенческому» поведению, отсутствие следования моде и внутренним правилам корпорации. Это приводило к появлению изгоев в студенческой среде, а к началу ХХ века — к вражде и непримиримости между отдельными группами студентов, представлявших в том числе политические партии в молодежной среде. Большую роль в развитии противостояния сыграли политические партии, активно вербовавшие студентов в свои ряды.
Various factors shaped the corporate culture within the Russian students community. By the middle of the 19thcentury, it had spread among university and college students. The corporate culture was characterized by intolerance to different ‘non-student’ behavior patterns, denial of fashion and internal rules of the organization. These rules led to the emergence of outcasts among students. By the early 20thcentury, it had evolved into struggling and hostile student groups, whose members were also representatives of political parties among young people. Political parties contributed to the conflict greatly as they actively recruited new members.
Reversible words as a linguistic phenomenon in the Chinese language
Authors: Заголовец А.В. 
Published: February 2024

Статья посвящена возможному реверсивному порядку следования компонентов в лексических единицах китайского языка. Актуальность темы определяется недостаточной изученностью и отсутствием систематизированного описания данного феномена в современной лингвистике. Целью исследования является обобщение и систематизация взглядов ученых на лексические единицы китайского языка с возможным обратным порядком следования компонентов. В статье перечисляются существующие в современной лингвистике термины для данного лексического феномена, приводятся возможные варианты классификации так называемых «обратных слов» с точки зрения семантики, структуры, частеречной принадлежности и синтаксиса, рассматриваются взгляды на сущность и основные характеристики обратных слов в китайской и российской лингвистике. Внимание уделяется группе «псевдообратных слов», которые могут быть ошибочно отнесены к словам с возможным обратным порядком следования морфем, хотя по факту такими не являются. Область применения полученных результатов исследования — университетские курсы по лексикологии и истории китайского языка, дальнейшие исследования лексических единиц китайского языка с возможным обратным порядком следования компонентов.
The article discusses the possibility of using a reverse order of components in lexical units of the Chinese language. The relevance of the topic is determined by insufficient study and absence of a systematic description of this phenomenon in modern linguistics. The goal of the study is to generalize and systematize the views of scientists on lexical units of the Chinese language that allow reversing the order of their components. The article lists the terms existing in modern linguistics so as to define this lexical phenomenon and provides possible classification options for the so-called “reverse words” from the point of view of their semantics, structure, part-of-speech identity and syntax, and discusses views on the essence and main characteristics of “reversible” words in Chinese and Russian linguistics. The paper also mentions the class of “pseudo-reverse words,” which are sometimes attributed to words with a possibility of reversible sequence of their morphemes, although they are not reversible. The potential application of the present research is for university courses on lexicology and history of the Chinese language and further research of lexical units of the Chinese language that allow reversing the order of their components.
Prevalencia de Factores de Riesgo para Caídas en el Adulto de 75 a 84 Años de Edad, Adscritos a la Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 53, León Guanajuato
Authors: Vázquez Cardona Sergio Dante , Hernández Villagómez María Eugenia , Belio Campoy Javier , Ramírez Valdez Alma Alejandrina 
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: el presente estudio pretende determinar la prevalencia de factores de riesgo para caídas en adultos de 75 a 84 años, adscritos a la unidad de medicina familiar No 53, León, Guanajuato. Métodos: Es un transversal simple, prospectivo, observacional, descriptivo con enfoque cuantitativo, muestreo probabilístico, aleatorio simple. El método será mediante encuestas aplicadas por entrevistador estructuradas con preguntas cerradas y abiertas. Resultados: se obtuvo una muestra final de 266 pacientes. Del total de los pacientes 61 (60.5%) son mujeres y 105 (39.5%) son hombres. Se puedo identificar que el 57.5% no tiene ninguna predicción de caídas y el 42.5% son pacientes que pueden tener alguna caída a esta edad. El 65.8% de la población toman más 4 medicamentos al día por lo que nos puede llevar a sufrir algún tipo de caídas a esta edad por cualquier efecto adverso de los medicamentos. Conclusión: Concluyendo que los pacientes de 75 a 84 años de edad tienen una mayor prevalencia de riesgo de sufrir alguna caída, y que puede aumentar la exposición a caídas si el paciente tiende a tener alguna dificultad para deambular o utiliza algún apoyo, así como el aumento de medicamentos tomados al día.
Cluster Formation in a Filamentary Cloud: The Case of the Stellar Cluster NGC 2316
Authors: Sharma Saurabh , Verma Aayushi , Mallick Kshitiz , Dewangan Lokesh K. , Kaur Harmeen , Yadav Ram Kesh , Panwar Neelam , Ojha Devendra K. , Chand Tarak , Agarwal Mamta 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We present a multiwavelength analysis of the star cluster NGC 2316 and its surroundings. We estimated the physical parameters of the NGC 2316 cluster, including its shape (elongated), size (R
cluster = 0.4 pc), distance (1.3 ± 0.3 kpc), and minimum reddening (A

V
= 1.55 mag). We discovered two massive stars (B2.0V-B1.5V, age ∼12 Myr) embedded (A

V
= 4 mag) within this cluster. The cluster region still forms young stars even though the most massive star was born ∼12 Myr ago. We also found evidence of positive feedback from these massive stars. We identified a cold gas/dust lane extending westward from the cluster. The western end of the dust lane seems to favor low-mass star formation, whereas the cluster end favors bit massive star formation, which seems to have started earlier than the western end. We found an elongated molecular cloud in this region, characterized by numerous filamentary structures. The morphology of the filaments, along with position–velocity maps, velocity dispersion maps, channel maps, etc., indicate a coalescence of filaments and a potential longitudinal flow of matter toward the cluster through the western end of the gas/dust lane. This entire region seems to be a Hub-filamentary system (HFS), in which the NGC 2316 cluster is probably the hub and the dark lane is the main filamentary structure. Being the gravity well of this HFS, star formation started first in the NGC 2316 region and went on to the other filamentary nodes.
The effect of L-Arginine from Giant Snake Head fish (Channa micropeltes) on neuroinflammation and neuron damage in traumatic brain injury in rats
Authors: Nugroho Andy , Tamtomo Didik G. , Indarto Dono , Cilmiaty Risya , Soetrisno  
Published: February 2024

Backgrounds: Traumatic brain injury has high mortality and morbidity. The involvement of neuroinflammatory responses and neuronal damage in traumatic brain injury is the basis for the development of renewable neuroprotective agents, one of which is the amino acid L-Arginine. The amino acid L-Arginine which can be found in Giant Snake Head fish (Channa micropeltes) is thought to inhibit anti-inflammatory effects through the Arg-1 signaling pathway.
Aims: To prove and analyze the effect of giving L-Arginine Giant Snake Head fish on neuroinflammation and neuronal damage in a rat model of traumatic brain injury.
Methods: This randomized controlled trial (RCT) study used a posttest-only control group design. Thirty-five male rats (Rattus norvegicus) with the Wistar strain were randomly divided into five treatment groups, namely the normal control group (N), negative control (KN), and 3 treatment groups (A-C). The KN and A-C groups were modeled after traumatic brain injury and given L-Arginine at a dose of 0.5; 1.5; and 3 g/kgBW/day for 7 days specifically A-C. Brain tissue samples were used for the examination of TLR4, TNF-α, GSDMD, Caspase-3, and histopathological features. All data were analyzed using the Kruskall-Wallis test, except for GSDMD expression with a significance &lt;0.05.
Results: The mean TLR4 expression in A (15.7 ± 5.35), B (12.9 ± 5.67), and C (11.4 ± 6.27) were lower and significant compared to KN, but higher and significant compared to N. The same pattern appears in the decrease in TNF-α expression, Caspase-3 expression, and histopathology of brain tissue damage. The mean relative expression of GSDMD to N in A (1.3 ± 0.53), B (1.2 ± 0.52), and C (1.2 ± 0.60) was higher than in KN, but not significant. Relative expression of GSDMD to Beta Actin, A and B have the same higher expression than C, KN, and N.
Conclusion: Expression of TLR-4, TNF-α, Caspase-3 and histopathology of brain tissue damage in traumatic brain injury model rats given Giant Snake Head fish L-Arginine were lower than without L-Arginine. Meanwhile, the expression of GSDMD in traumatic brain injury model rats when given Giant Snake Head fish L-Arginine was slightly higher than without L-Arginine.
Partner Caregiver Resilience: A Scoping Review
Authors: Burton Shandra D. , Ailey Sarah H. , Paun Olimpia 
Published: February 2024

Purpose:
Caring for older adults with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) is a significant challenge for partner caregivers (i.e., committed, married, or cohabiting individuals). Understanding partner caregivers' needs is crucial to promote their well-being during the disease trajectory. The concept of resilience may help explain how ADRD partner caregivers manage in the face of significant challenges. The purpose of the current scoping review was to synthesize the qualitative evidence of the level of resilience among partner caregivers of persons with ADRD.

Method:
A scoping review was conducted, which resulted in 19 research studies meeting inclusion criteria.

Results:
Findings were grouped by significant aspects of resilience as reflected in the studies reviewed, including risk and protective factors, partner caregivers' characteristics, and challenges and facilitators of resilience. Knowledge, skills, and access to social, psychological, and emotional support are needed to foster partner caregiver resilience.

Conclusion:

Further resilience research is necessary to inform development of public policies, programs, and interventions tailored to the unique needs of ADRD partner caregivers. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 17
(2), 99–108.]
Objects of Stereotype: the role of material culture in the construction of the 16th century imaginary of Brazilian indigenous people
Authors: Bottesi Anna 
Published: February 2024

With the opening of the Atlantic routes and the
encounter between Europeans and indigenous populations, several
sources and information started to circulate about the inhabitants of
the New World. Literary accounts, graphic representations and
ethnographic objects began to be disseminated, greatly influencing the
construction of stereotypical, generic and often ambiguous
representations. The text focuses on the Brazilian context,
considering objects – such as those made with feather and weapons –
that are still quite popular in the global imaginary. The way
Europeans perceived them, on the one hand reflected the contradictions
of theological and philosophical speculation, while on the other hand
bound them to the categories of wonder, curiosity and alterity. In
this paper, we shall analyze how collecting these objects, their
recontextualization and their comparison with literary and graphic
sources influenced the way in which the European imaginary invented
and freeze framed a composite portrait of indigenous people.
Se dire ou ne pas se dire « raizal ». Subalternités indicibles sur l’île de San Andres (Colombie)
Authors: Le Guyader Morgane 
Published: February 2024

Indissociable du tournant multiculturaliste qui opère à la mutation du concept de citoyenneté en Colombie, dans les années 1990, la catégorie ethnique raizal naît pourtant d’une pluralité de facteurs. Parmi eux, cet article prêtera attention à la conflictualité revêtue par cette citoyenneté différentialiste en étudiant deux niveaux de subalternisation à l’œuvre dans l’affirmation de la « différence raizal ». D’une part, l’expérience violente de l’assimilation vécue par la communauté afro-anglo-créole des îles colombiennes de San Andres et Old Providence a produit un rapport méfiant à la nationalité colombienne renforcé au cours du xxe siècle par une dépossession socio-culturelle et territoriale, et par l’augmentation de la violence due à l’expansion du narcotrafic. D’autre part, les liens constitutifs de la communauté raizal sont hérités de la société post-émancipation consolidée à la fin du xixe siècle, caractérisée par le monopole d’une pensée égalitariste face à des hiérarchies socio-raciales subsistantes. Cet article se propose d’analyser la reproduction des rapports subalternisation dans l’apparition et l’usage de l’identité raizal ou insulaire afro-anglo-créole, à l’aune de ces conditions juxtaposées.
Postintervention Immunological and Entomological Survey of Lymphatic Filariasis in the City of Olinda, Brazil, 2015–2016
Authors: Ramesh Anita , Oliveira Paula , Cameron Mary , Castanha Priscila M. S. , Walker Thomas , Lenhart Audrey , Impoinvil Lucy , Alexander Neal , Medeiros Zulma , Sá André , Rocha Abraham , Souza Wayner V. , Maciel Amélia , Braga Cynthia 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT.
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a leading cause of disability due to infectious disease worldwide. The Recife Metropolitan Region (RMR) is the only remaining focus of LF in Brazil, where the parasite Wuchereria bancrofti is transmitted solely by the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. This study reports the results of transmission assessment surveys and molecular xenomonitoring in the city of Olinda, RMR, after nearly 15 years (2015–2016) of interventions for LF elimination. Participants were screened for W. bancrofti antigen via immunochromatographic card tests (ICT) in: 1) door-to-door surveys conducted for all children aged 5–7 years from 4 out of 17 intervention areas treated with at least five annual doses of mass drug administration (MDA), and 2) a two-stage cluster sampling survey of residents aged 5 years and older in non-MDA areas. Mosquitoes were collected via handheld aspirators in four MDA areas, differentiated by species, sex, and physiological status, pooled into groups of up to 10 blood-fed, semigravid, and gravid mosquitoes, and screened for W. bancrofti infection by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). All 1,170 children from MDA areas and the entire population sample of 990 residents in non-MDA areas were ICT negative. In MDA areas, a total of 3,152 female Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in 277 households (range, 0–296 mosquitoes per house) were collected via aspiration. RT-qPCR of 233 pools of mosquitos were negative for W. bancrofti RNA; an independent reference laboratory confirmed these results. These results provide evidence that LF transmission has been halted in this setting.
Case Report: Type 2 Leprosy Reaction Mimicking Sweet Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Bao Chengbei , Xu Qiuyun , Zou Ying , Xiao Zhixun , Cheng Bo , Gong Ting , Ji Chao 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT.
Type 2 leprosy reaction is a type of acute inflammation that predominantly affects borderline lepromatous leprosy and lepromatous leprosy patients and occurs before, during, or after therapy. The atypical variant, which resembles Sweet syndrome, could easily lead to misdiagnosis. Here, we report a case of a 52-year-old man who presented with type 2 leprosy reaction that mimicked Sweet syndrome. In addition, we review published cases and summarize their features to raise awareness of this atypical variant to enable improved diagnosis and management.
Case Report: Plasmodium vivax Sporozoite Melanization in the Midgut and Salivary Gland of the Malaria Vector Anopheles darlingi
Authors: dos Santos Najara Akira Costa , Bastos Alessandra da Silva , Araújo Jéssica Evangelista , Pontual José Daniel Costa , Medeiros Jansen Fernandes , Vinetz Joseph Michael , Araujo Maisa da Silva 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT.
Anopheles darlingi is the primary malaria vector in the Amazon region and is highly susceptible to both Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum parasites. Although anopheline mosquitoes may develop melanotic encapsulation in response to Plasmodium parasites, there is no record of An. darlingi exhibiting a melanization response to P. vivax, the main malaria parasite in the Americas. Here, we report the occurrence of P. vivax sporozoite melanization in An. darlingi mosquitoes.