bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Artificial Intelligence or machine learning in risk sharing agreements for pharmacotherapy risk management
Authors: Oborotov Grigory A. , Koshechkin Konstantin A. , Orlov Yuriy L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in medical informatics solutions risk sharing have social value. At a time of ever-increasing cost for the provision of medicines to citizens, there is a need to restrain the growth of health care costs. The search for computer technologies to stop or slow down the growth of costs acquires a new very important and significant meaning. We discussed the two information technologies in pharmacotherapy and the possibility of combining and sharing them, namely the combination of risk-sharing agreements and Machine Learning, which was made possible by the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Neural networks could be used to predict the outcome to reduce the risk factors for treatment. AI-based data processing automation technologies could be also used for risk-sharing agreements automation.
Enhancing high-speed networks using RGB-based WLAN through Ro-FSO integration in the 5 GHz band
Authors: Sharma Abhishek , Mishra Vivekanand 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The limited bandwidth constraints imposed by conventional wireless carriers pose a significant hurdle when it comes to the delivery of high-speed broadband services. In response to this challenge, Radio over Free Space Optics (Ro-FSO) has emerged as a viable and innovative solution, seamlessly amalgamating wireless and optical systems. This integration proves particularly invaluable in sensitive environments, such as hospitals, where the risk of electromagnetic interference disrupting critical medical equipment is a real concern. Ro-FSO offers a disruption-free avenue for high-speed data transmission, positioning it as the ideal choice for broadband services, including Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). Within the scope of this study, we introduce a high-speed Ro-FSO link, showcasing the capability to concurrently transmit three independent channels with Red, Green and Blue (RGB) laser respectively, each supporting a robust 1 Gbps data rate. These data streams are skilfully up-converted to the 5 GHz RF bands, encompassing transmission distances of 650 m across the FSO channel. Our numerical simulation findings underscore the successful transmission of all the channels using wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), seamlessly meeting the prescribed Bit Error Rate (BER) and eye pattern criteria, solidifying the Ro-FSO’s standing as a promising solution for high-speed broadband delivery.
Vollzugsöffnende Maßnahmen und Entlassungsvorbereitung – Gesetzgebung und Praxis in den Bundesländern
Authors: Dünkel Frieder , Harrendorf Stefan , Geng Bernd , Pruin Ineke , Beresnatzki Paul , Treig Judith 
Published: December 2023

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag behandelt die rechtliche und rechtstatsächliche Entwicklung vollzugsöffnender Maßnahmen in Deutschland im Vergleich der Bundesländer. Als vollzugsöffnende Maßnahmen werden hier vor allem die Verlegung in den offenen Vollzug, Ausgang, Langzeitausgang (regelmäßig 2–3 Tage) und Freigang, d. h. das regelmäßige Verlassen der Anstalt, um einer Arbeit oder Ausbildungsmaßnahme nachzugehen, zudem aber auch Ausführung und Außenbeschäftigung angesehen. Die Rechtslage unterscheidet sich angesichts der seit 2006 erlassenen Länderstrafvollzugsgesetze in einigen Detailfragen erheblich mit Blick auf ein mehr oder weniger stark öffnungsorientiertes Vollzugsregime. Die Praxis divergiert im Bundesländervergleich anhand der in den Ländern erstellten Statistiken. In Berlin und Nordrhein-Westfalen befinden sich stichtagsbezogen ca. 6–10-mal so viele Gefangene im offenen Vollzug wie in Bayern, Hessen, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt oder Thüringen. Ähnliche Unterschiede finden sich bei den Vollzugslockerungen, wo die Stadtstaaten Berlin, Bremen, Hamburg und Nordrhein-Westfalen sehr viel stärker von überleitungsorientierten Maßnahmen Gebrauch machen als die südlichen Bundesländer in Ost- und Westdeutschland. Weitere Details wie z. B. die während der Corona-Pandemie in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß rückläufigen Lockerungszahlen werden erörtert. Insgesamt zeigen sich einige Defizite und unausgeschöpfte Potenziale eines überleitungsorientierten Vollzugs, von dem offensichtlich nur ein Teil der Gefangenen profitiert. Dabei zeigt sich, dass eine »liberalere« lockerungsfreundliche Vollzugspraxis nicht zu einer Einbuße an Sicherheit für die Allgemeinheit führt, indem Gefangene Lockerungen missbrauchen.
Electromagnetic signal propagation through lossy media via surface electromagnetic waves
Authors: Smolyaninov Igor I. , Balzano Quirino , Smolyaninova Vera N. , Soloviova Daryna 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A theory of surface electromagnetic waves in gradient media exhibiting arbitrary surface gradients of dielectric permittivity and magnetic permeability has been developed. Novel low-loss propagating surface wave solutions have been found in the gradient media in which both dielectric permittivity and magnetic permeability are dominated by their imaginary parts. Several examples of gradient geometries in which the surface wave problem may be solved analytically have been found. Examples of practically useful surface wave geometries spanning from radio communication underwater to UV nanophotonics have been demonstrated.
Energy bandgap and thermal characteristics of non-Darcian MHD rotating hybridity nanofluid thin film flow: Nanotechnology application
Authors: Eid Mohamed R. , Jamshed Wasim , Abd-Elmonem Assmaa , Al-Hossainy Ahmed F. , Almutlaq Nasser , Amjad Ayesha , El Din Sayed M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The primary purpose of this research is to examine how the presence of thermal features variation affects the velocity and heat transfer rate of nanofluids composed of sodium alginate and molybdenum disulfide [Na-Alg/MoS2]m and sodium alginate and molybdenum disulfide and graphene oxide [Na-Alg/MoS2 + GO]h, respectively, flowing between two rotating, permeable plates. Both centripetal and Coriolis forces, which act on a spinning fluid, are taken into account. The impacts of magnetized force, thermal radiative flux, heat source (sinking), and varied pressure in the Darcy–Forccheimer material are considered. Using the physical vapor deposition method, single and hybridity nanofluid thin films of thickness 150 ± 5 nm may be created. The controlling mathematical equations of the suggested model are solved using the Keller-box technique in MATLAB software. The surface friction coefficient of a hybrid nanofluid is less, and the heat transfer rate is greater than that of a regular nanofluid. The rate of heat transmission is slowed by the rotational parameter. The thermal efficiency of mono nanofluids is as low as 6.16% and as high as 21.88% when compared to those of hybrid nanofluids. In particular, the findings of density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the energy bandgap

Δ

E

g

Opt

\Delta {E}_{{\rm{g}}}^{{\rm{Opt}}}

drops from 1.641 eV for conventional nanofluid to 0.185 eV for hybridity nanofluid. Based on the findings, the addition of graphene oxide nanoparticles to the base nanofluid converts it from a semi-conductor to a hybridity nanofluid as a superconductor.
HR GRS-HPGe as NDT method for quantification of uranium and 235U content in process stream samples from UO2 fuel production facilities
Authors: Rao Yarasi Balaji , Ray Vinod K. , Kumar Putta V. Nagendra , Srivastava Dinesh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Uranium concentration and uranium isotopic content are two important and critical parameters for any nuclear fuel fabrication facilities. In the present study emphasis has been given on the usage of high resolution gamma ray spectrometric (HR-GRS) technique with HPGe detector for the determination of uranium and 235U content in uranium process stream samples. The work has been carried out with an aim to give quick analytical feedback to production facility and also to minimize the generation of analytical waste. These are important requirements for any industrial lab with high analytical load attached to production facility. In this paper a simple and a non-destructive testing (NDT) method has been described for quantification of uranium and 235U content in samples received from UO2 fuel production facilities using HR-GRS technique with high purity germanium (HPGe) detector. A 185.7 keV line of 235U has been used for quantification of uranium in process solutions containing 1  g/L to 600 g/L of uranium covering both aqueous and organic process stream solutions. The results have been compared with that of Davies and Gray method. The limitations associated with gamma ray emitted from daughter products of 238U and self-induced or self-excited X-ray fluorescence lines of uranium have also been studied. Multi Group Analysis of Uranium (MGAU) software code has been used for measurement of 235U content in variety of samples. The results obtained are compared with that of results by thermal ionization mass spectrometer (TIMS).
When is the allele-sharing dissimilarity between two populations exceeded by the allele-sharing dissimilarity of a population with itself?
Authors: Liu Xiran , Ahsan Zarif , Martheswaran Tarun K. , Rosenberg Noah A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Allele-sharing statistics for a genetic locus measure the dissimilarity between two populations as a mean of the dissimilarity between random pairs of individuals, one from each population. Owing to within-population variation in genotype, allele-sharing dissimilarities can have the property that they have a nonzero value when computed between a population and itself. We consider the mathematical properties of allele-sharing dissimilarities in a pair of populations, treating the allele frequencies in the two populations parametrically. Examining two formulations of allele-sharing dissimilarity, we obtain the distributions of within-population and between-population dissimilarities for pairs of individuals. We then mathematically explore the scenarios in which, for certain allele-frequency distributions, the within-population dissimilarity – the mean dissimilarity between randomly chosen members of a population – can exceed the dissimilarity between two populations. Such scenarios assist in explaining observations in population-genetic data that members of a population can be empirically more genetically dissimilar from each other on average than they are from members of another population. For a population pair, however, the mathematical analysis finds that at least one of the two populations always possesses smaller within-population dissimilarity than the value of the between-population dissimilarity. We illustrate the mathematical results with an application to human population-genetic data.
Comparisons of clinical outcomes between newly diagnosed early- and late-onset T2DM: a real-world study from the Shanghai Hospital Link Database
Authors: Tao Xinge , Xue Yanbin , Niu Rui , Lu Wenjing , Yao Huayan , He Chunmei , Cui Bin , Liu Changqin 
Published: December 2023

Objective
The aim of this study was to compare the differences in incident population, comorbidities, and glucose-lowering drug prescriptions between newly diagnosed patients with early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and those with late-onset T2DM to provide real-world evidence for clinical practice.

Methods
This study was based on the Shanghai Hospital Link Database (SHLD). Anonymized electronic medical record (EHR) data from 2013 to 2021 were included in this study. Newly diagnosed patients with T2DM were defined as those without related diagnostic records or glucose-lowering medicine prescriptions in the past 3 years. Early-onset T2DM was defined as patients who were aged 18–40 years old at the first visit for T2DM to represent those who were born after the 1980s. And late-onset T2DM was defined as those aged 65–80 years old to represent those who were born in a relatively undeveloped period. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed to describe their incidence number, glucose-lowering drug prescriptions, and comorbidities at the first visit to the hospital between two T2DM groups.

Results
There were a total of 35,457 newly diagnosed patients with early-onset T2DM and 149,108 newly diagnosed patients with late-onset T2DM included in this study. Patients with late-onset T2DM constituted the majority and their number increased by 2.5% on average by years, while the number of patients with early-onset T2DM remained stable each year. Compared with late-onset T2DM patients, more early-onset T2DM patients had dyslipidemia at the first visit to hospitals (9.5% vs 7.7%, P < 0.01) despite their significant age differences. Patients with early-onset T2DM were more likely to use metformin (74.8% vs 46.5, P < 0.01), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DDP-4i) (16.7% vs 11.2%, P < 0.01), thiazolidinediones (TZD) (14.9% vs 8.4%, P < 0.01), sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-i) (0.8% vs 0.3%, P < 0.01), and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) (3.7% vs 0.5%, P < 0.01) at their first visit to the hospital.

Conclusions
Different characteristics were observed between patients with early-onset T2DM and those with late-onset T2DM. Compared with patients with late-onset T2DM, those with early-onset T2DM were more prone to dyslipidemia and had novel organ-protective drugs prescribed.
INCIDENCIA DEL APRENDIZAJE COLABORATIVO EN LA PRÁCTICA EDUCATIVA
Authors: Peñaloza Janine Coromoto 
Published: December 2023

La presente investigación tuvo como objeto de estudio al trabajo colaborativo el cual constituye un aporte a la transformación del proceso de enseñanza y del proceso de aprendizaje, con la convicción de que a través de la socialización se puede construir el conocimiento desde una visión pluridimensional y donde a través del diálogo se pueden generar aportes y soluciones sobre diferentes áreas del contenido académico. Viene a promover diversos aspectos como: fortalecer las relaciones sociales, fomentar los valores de respeto, solidaridad, tolerancia entre otros; incentivar el pensamiento creativo, participativo, crítico y reflexivo. Sirviendo como foco de luz en el transitar del proceso educativo, y camino mediador entre todos sus actores, haciendo uso efectivo de las herramientas tecnológicas como recurso esencial requerido por la sociedad del conocimiento y de la información. Permitió concluir que incentivar la relación de la dinámica grupal, fortaleciendo las relaciones interpersonales entre todos los estudiantes, evitando el sectarismo y discriminación que pudiese ocurrir por parte de ellos dentro del ambiente de clase, permitiendo así que mejore el clima siendo más entusiasta y agradable. Vincular la tecnología de la información y la comunicación (tic`s) en el proceso educativo de forma acomodaticia, ayudando convertir una herramienta que muchas veces es “distractora” en una herramienta “formadora”. Todo bajo la astucia del docente en conseguir que su vinculación sea favorable, lo que generaría un ambiente de trabajo más dinámico y efectivo, desarrollando habilidades de búsqueda, análisis, organización y decisión en la aplicabilidad de la información para facilitar, así su comprensión.
Physical and Pharmacologic Restraint in Hospitalized Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Calabrese Mary Elizabeth , Sideridis Georgios , Weitzman Carol 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVES
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have high rates of cooccurring conditions and are hospitalized longer and more frequently than children without ASD. Little is known about use of involuntary physical or pharmacologic restraint in hospitalized children with ASD. This study compares use of restraint because of violent or self-injurious behavior during inpatient pediatric hospitalization in children with ASD compared with typical peers.

METHODS
This retrospective cohort study examines electronic health records of all children aged 5 to 21 years admitted to a pediatric medical unit at a large urban hospital between October 2016 and October 2021. Billing diagnoses from inpatient encounters identified ASD and cooccurring diagnoses. Clinical orders identified physical and pharmacologic restraint. Propensity score matching ensured equivalency between ASD and matched non-ASD groups on demographic factors. Logistic regression determined the odds of restraint in children with ASD compared with children without ASD, controlling for hospitalization factors and cooccurring diagnoses.

RESULTS
Of 21 275 hospitalized children, 367 (1.7%) experienced restraint and 1187 (5.6%) had ASD. After adjusting for reason for admission, length of stay, and cooccurring mental health, developmental, and behavioral disorders, children with ASD were significantly more likely to be restrained than children without ASD (odds ratio 2.3, 95% confidence interval 1.6–3.4; P &lt; .001).

CONCLUSIONS
Hospitalized children with ASD have significantly higher odds of restraint for violent or self-injurious behavior compared with children without ASD after accounting for reason for admission, length of hospitalization and cooccurring diagnoses. Work is needed to modify the hospital environment for children with ASD to reduce behavioral dysregulation and restraint.
Оцінка рівня цифрової трансформації територіальних громад Чернігівської області
Authors: Шабардіна Юлія , Коваленко Світлана 
Published: December 2023

Мета статті полягає в оцінці рівня цифрової трансформації територіальних громад Чернігівської області через визначення ступеня доступу громадян до цифрових послуг та інфраструктури, вивчення впливу воєнного стану на розвиток цифрових ініціатив та політики відкритих даних, а також ідентифікацію джерел фінансування цифрових проєктів на місцевому рівні.
Актуальність дослідження. Цифрові технології є необхідною складовою сучасного суспільства. Принцип рівного доступу до цифрових послуг та інформації є важливим для забезпечення справедливості та соціальної інклюзії, а також для формування зручних та ефективних відносин між громадянами і державою.
Дослідження рівня доступу громадян до цифрових послуг та інфраструктури є актуальним в контексті досягнення цілей сталого розвитку, побудови відкритого суспільства.
Результати. В дослідженні рівня доступності громадянам електронних послуг та сервісів взяли участь 57 громад Чернігівської області України. Була встановлена пряма залежність між рівнем діджиталізації громад і ефективністю роботи їх владних інституцій. Умови воєнного стану призвели до змін у пріоритетах громад, зосереджуючи увагу на обороноздатності та допомозі армії, але також виявлено підтримку політики відкритих даних на місцевому рівні і покращення доступу до мобільного зв'язку та Інтернету для жителів міст обласного значення та інших населених пунктів. Визначені джерела фінансування цифрової інфраструктури територіальних громад.
Висновки. Результати дослідження можуть бути використані територіальними громадами для визначення пріоритетів щодо організації безпечного електронного середовища для кожного громадянина та ефективного управління громадою.
Hybridite generique et posture chez Nora Sari dans Constantine, l´exil et la guerre
Authors: Logbi Hanène 
Published: December 2023

Dans cet article, nous avons voulu montrer que l’hybridité générique perçue et avérée dans le texte de Nora Sari était un effet des enjeux de diverses tendances du contexte de production dans le choix du sujet à traiter, d’une part la vie de la famille et le récit de soi du principal personnage du roman, d’autre part le contexte historique prévalant durant la période concernant cette tranche de vie. Cette hybridité révèle un souci de posture en phase avec les discours et orientations du champ social et littéraire au sein duquel la romancière cherche à inscrire sa place. Elle montre également une volonté de dépasser un clivage profond installé dans la problématique des langues dans ce même champ.
„Ej, ráérünk arra még?” – Az időperspektíva, az ökobűntudat, a megküzdés, a jövőre vonatkozó tervek és a környezettudatos cselekvés közötti összefüggések vizsgálata magyar serdülők körében
Authors: Ágoston Csilla , Nagy Bence , Nesztor Anna , Varga Attila , Demetrovics Zsolt 
Published: December 2023

Háttér és célkitűzések: A környezettudatos viselkedést számos tényező befolyásolhatja, köztük egyes, a klímaváltozással kapcsolatos érzelmek (például az ökobűntudat) és a klímaváltozással mint stresszorral való megküzdési módok, valamint az időperspektíva. Korábbi kutatások alapján az ökobűntudat, a jövőfókuszú időperspektíva, valamint a probléma- és jelentésfókuszú megküzdés inkább facilitáló hatású, bár az eredmények esetenként ellentmondásosak vagy hiányosak. A jelenlegi kutatásban ezért komplex modellekben vizsgáltuk, hogy a környezettudatos viselkedést milyen mértékben képes bejósolni az ökobűntudat, a megküzdési módok és az időperspektívák, és hogy a megküzdési módok mediálják-e az ökobűntudat és a környezettudatos viselkedés közötti kapcsolatot. Módszer: A keresztmetszeti kérdőíves kutatásban részt vevő diákok (N = 390, 48,5% fiú, átlagos életkor = 17,2 év, szórás = 1,2) kitöltötték az Ökobűntudat Kérdőív rövid verzióját, a Klímaváltozás Veszélyeivel Való Megküzdés Kérdőívet, a Zimbardo-féle Időperspektíva Kérdőívet, illetve válaszoltak a környezettudatos viselkedésre irányuló kérdésekre. Eredmények: A problémafókuszú és a társas megküzdés pozitív összefüggést mutatott a környezettudatos viselkedéssel. Az ökobűntudat és a cselekvés között gyenge pozitív együttjárás mutatkozott, amely azonban eltűnt a mediációs modellben: a magasabb ökobűntudat a magasabb problémafókuszú megküzdésen keresztül függött össze az erőteljesebb környezettudatos viselkedéssel. A környezettudatos viselkedéssel gyenge pozitív összefüggést mutatott a jövőperspektíva, valamint a múlt-pozitív időorientáció. Következtetések: Az eredmények alapján az ökobűntudat környezettudatos cselekvésre ösztönző lehetséges hatása azon múlik, hogy milyen megküzdési módot képes aktiválni. A környezettudatos cselekvésre vonatkozó intervenciók tervezésekor érdemes lehet a társas és problémafókuszú megküzdés és a jövőperspektíva erősítésére fókuszálni, valamint a pozitív múltbeli élményekre építeni.
Dual-energy CT in the emergency department: A pictorial essay from a single center experience
Authors: Cirimele Vincenzo , D'Amone Giulia , Mallio Carlo , Zobel Bruno Beomonte , Faiella Eliodoro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLearning ObjectivesTo provide a pictorial review of the main clinical applications of DECT with a focus on traumatic and non-traumatic emergencies.MethodsDECT is becoming increasingly common in clinical practice. The differences in attenuation between two different datasets allow to perform a qualitative and quantitative characterization of the materials contained in a single voxel. Virtual monoenergetic images, material decomposition images, electron density maps, and atomic number maps are created by post-processing algorithms and offer the radiologist useful diagnostic data.ResultsWe present a series of cases illustrating the utility of DECT in the diagnosis and management of acute pathologies, with a special focus on musculoskeletal imaging and neuroimaging.ConclusionDECT is a useful imaging technique that may allow radiologists to make quicker and more precise diagnoses in the emergency setting.