bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Analysis of Irregular Building Due to Intensive Earthquakes
Authors: Pachla Filip , Tatara Tadeusz , Aldabbik Waseem 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In the twenty-first century, the seismic design of buildings seems to have become a fully recognised topic. There are guidelines and standards which should be taken into account by designers in seismic areas. Designers using modern international guidelines have ascertained that the behaviour of structures is not as expected. New challenges in the construction industry result in the construction of structures with new, unusual shapes. These are structures that do not meet the assumptions of safe construction in seismic areas. Contemporary buildings are also characterized by their irregular distribution of structural elements. Such solutions are not beneficial from the point of view of seismic engineering and can lead to reduced dynamic resistance and damage in such structures. In this paper, a five-storey, irregular-shaped RC building model was subjected to different earthquakes with varying magnitudes, PGA and PGV values, and duration of the intense shock phase. Once the model was verified using previous in-situ measurements, the building model was subjected to five earthquakes. Numerical nonlinear analysis of the building was performed using a verified FEA model in the time domain through non-linear time history analysis with the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) method. The building's dynamic properties were measured using various methods of excitation. The model was influenced, among others, by two far-field representative events caused by the last earthquake in Turkey, which resulted in strong ground motion. The analysis results identified the locations of structural damages and allowed for the assessment of the structure's dynamic resistance. The results of the calculations prove that the duration of the intensive phase of extortion is one of the reasons for the building damage in earthquake-prone. Building collapses occur with earthquakes which are characterized by a long duration of the intensive phase of excitation and high values of velocity of earthquake components. The article highlights inadequate dynamic resistance of the building, leading to excessive drift and unfavourable structural solutions.
Small-molecule RAS/RAF Binding Inhibitors Allosterically Disrupt RAF Conformation and Exert Efficacy Against a Broad Spectrum of RAS-driven Cancers
Authors: Shima Fumi , Yoshikawa Yoko , Makino Yoshiteru , Kubota Hirokazu , Kawamura Takashi , Matsumoto Shigeyuki , Yuki Hitomi , Shibaike Akira , Okamura Megumi , Okada Tomoyo , Horikawa Manabu , Horie Kazumasa , Koyanagi-Aoi Michiyo , Aoi Takashi , Kataoka Tohru , Honma Teruki , Kumasaka Takashi , Koyama Hiroo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

With the advent of approved subtype-specific RAS inhibitors targeting KRASG12C mutation, the development of RAS inhibitors effective regardless of RAS mutation status is the next major challenge to address clinically prevalent RAS mutations and further overcome RAS-driven acquired resistance to currently available drugs.
Here our multi-module drug screening for compounds capable of RAS/RAF-binding inhibition, and subsequent structural study discovered small-molecule compounds which covalently bind to a unique site in the regulatory domain of RAF, and disrupt RAF conformation allosterically, thereby preventing RAS/RAF-interaction and downstream signals. The compounds exhibit anti-tumor efficacy to multiple cancer types with broad-spectrum RAS mutations including clinically predominant G12D and G12V KRAS, NRAS and HRAS in pre-clinical models. Furthermore, the compounds effectively suppress tumor growth of BRAFV600E-melanoma with acquired resistance to RAF kinase inhibitor.
Collectively, our study provides effectiveness for designing RAF-targeting drugs, and potentially therapeutic RAS/RAF-signaling inhibitors with novel mechanism to overcome broad-range RAS-driven cancers.
Material Type Prediction Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Ray Debmalya Ray Debmalya 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In materials science, traditional experimental and computational approaches require the investment of enormous amounts of time and resources, and the experimental conditions limit the use of these methods. Sometimes, traditional approaches may not yield satisfactory results for the desired purpose. Therefore, it is essential to develop a new approach to accelerate experimental progress and avoid unnecessary waste of time and resources.
Advanced magnetic resonance imaging detects altered placental development in pregnancies affected by congenital heart disease
Authors: Cromb Daniel , Slator Paddy , Hall Megan , Price Anthony , Alexander Daniel , Counsell Serena , Hutter Jana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital malformation and is associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. The placenta is crucial for healthy fetal development and placental development is altered in pregnancy when the fetus has CHD. This study utilized advanced combined diffusion-relaxation MRI and a data-driven analysis technique to test the hypothesis that placental microstructure and perfusion are altered in CHD-affected pregnancies. 48 participants (36 controls, 12 CHD) underwent 67 MRI scans (50 control, 17 CHD). Significant differences in the weighting of two independent placental and uterine-wall tissue components were identified between the CHD and control groups (both pFDR<0.001), with changes most evident after 30 weeks gestation. A significant trend over gestation in weighting for a third independent tissue component was also observed in the CHD cohort (R = 0.50, pFDR=0.04), but not in controls. These findings add to existing evidence that placental development is altered in CHD. The results may reflect alterations in placental perfusion or the changes in fetal-placental flow, villous structure and maturation that occur in CHD. Further research is needed to validate and better understand these findings and to understand the relationship between placental development, CHD, and its neurodevelopmental implications.
Ileosigmoid knotting: experience from resource limited setup a retrospective review of cases at leku general hospital, sidama, Ethiopia
Authors: Kibret Asfaw 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction; Ileosigmoid knotting is an uncommon cause of acute intestinal obstruction where the ileum wraps around the base of the sigmoid colon. The condition rapidly progresses to gangrene of the ileum and sigmoid colon.Due to the unfamiliarity of this entity and confusing and contradictory features of the disease preoperative exact diagnosis is not easy.
Methodology ;this is a retrospective cross sectional 3years case management review of ileosigmoid knotting in Leku general hospital which is resource limited and district hospital and the aim is to share little experience in managing this cases, as well to add the existing data to the research community.
Result; a total of only 5 ileosigmoid knotting cases were encountered in the last 3 years at Leku general hospital emergency surgery department.4 of the patients were male and the remaining 1case was female. The mean age was 43.8yrs.All the cases were presented with gangrenous bowel segment, both small bowel and sigmoid colon except, 1 viable sigmoid colon among. Resection and primary anastomosis done for all patients (both small bowel and sigmoid colon).No stoma done. All patients were discharged alive. Only 1 patient developed surgical site infection.
Conclusion; Ileosigmoid knotting is very rare surgical emergency surgeons may encounter in their practice and should be considered as a cause of acute intestinal obstruction with strangulation. Adequate resuscitation and surgery improves prognosis. Based on the patients and bowel condition small bowel as well as colonic primary anastomosis has favorable outcome
ScAnalyzer: an image processing tool to monitor plant disease symptoms and pathogen spread in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves
Authors: Paauw Misha , Hardeman Gerrit , Pfeilmeier Sebastian , Burg Harrold A. Van den 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Plants are known to be infected by a wide range of pathogenic microbes. To study plant diseases caused by microbes, it is imperative to be able to monitor disease symptoms and microbial colonization in an quantitative and objective manner. In contrast to more traditional measures that use manual assignments of disease categories, image processing provides a more accurate and objective quantification of plant disease symptoms. Besides monitoring disease symptoms, it provides additional information on the spatial localization of pathogenic microbes in different plant tissues.
Results
Here we report on an image analysis tool called ScAnalyzer to monitor disease symptoms and bacterial spread in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. Detached leaves are assembled in a grid and scanned, which enables automated separation of individual samples. A pixel color threshold is used to segment healthy (green) from diseased (yellow) leaf area. The spread of luminescence-tagged bacteria is monitored via light-sensitive films, which are processed in a similar way as the leaf scans. We show that this tool is able to capture previously identified differences in susceptibility of the model plant A. thaliana to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. Moreover, we show that the ScAnalyzer pipeline provides a more detailed assessment of bacterial spread within plant leaves than previously used methods. Finally, by combining the disease symptom values with bacterial spread values from the same leaves, we show that bacterial spread precedes visual disease symptoms.
Conclusion
Taken together, we present an automated script to monitor plant disease symptoms and microbial spread in A. thaliana leaves. The freely available software (https://github.com/MolPlantPathology/ScAnalyzer) has the potential to standardize the analysis of disease assays between different groups.
Visual responses of a dominant predatory beetle, Propylaea japonica (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), to light
Authors: Ge Yafei , Li Mengyao , Liu Yuxin , Jiang Yueli , Fan Fan , Li Bao , Hu Xuejiao , Wei Guoshu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Phototaxis, a visual behaviour of insects toward light, is used to monitor and control insect pests worldwide. However, certain pest control practices have raised concerns because of the unintended elimination of non-target insects. Additionally, artificial lighting has expanded owing to urbanization. We investigated the phototactic behaviour of the dominant predatory beetle, Propylaea japonica. We explored its visual responses to seven monochromatic lights at 365–655 nm wavelength and various intensities at the preferred wavelength. The highest response occurred at 365 nm (ultraviolet), followed by 465 and 525 nm. When only the light intensity at 365 nm was varied (10, 100, and 300 lux), the response to 365 nm at 10 lux decreased, and the strongest response shifted to 420 nm (violet), but the preference increased with elevated light intensity at 365 nm. Examining behavioural responses to light intensities at 1–5000 lux (365 nm), a preference for 1000–5000 lux was observed, although mixed populations (males and females) exhibited increased responses at 10–100 lux. Our results indicate a preference for shorter wavelengths (365 nm) across different light environments (wavelength) and underscore the role of light intensity in influencing wavelength selection in P. japonica. This study provides insights for the development of light sources for insect monitoring and pest control.
Effectiveness of a Virtual Reality Open-Air Bath Program in Reducing Loneliness and Improving Brain Function for Dementia Prevention in Older Adults: A Prospective Randomized Crossover Study Protocol
Authors: Imai Ayu , Matsuoka Teruyuki , Nakayama Chikara , Hashimoto Nana , Sano Mutsuo , Narumoto Jin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Older adults often face loneliness due to chronic illness or loss of close ones, a situation worsened by COVID-19. Increased loneliness heightens the risk of diseases, especially dementia, necessitating urgent action. This study aims to assess the impact of a virtual reality (VR)-based open-air bath program on depression and loneliness in elderly individuals with Subjective Cognitive Decline/Mild Cognitive Impairment (SCD/MCI) attending our Dementia Medical Centre and evaluate the feasibility (participant recruitment and adherence) and measuring program enjoyment and satisfaction.
Methods
The study design is a crossover trial with a 1:1 ratio wherein 12 participants will be randomly assigned to Groups 1 and 2, with Group 2 serving as a waitlist control, and the VR program will be conducted six times (monthly). Group 1 will participate from the program's commencement and continue for 6 months, followed by an observation period from months 7 to 12. Group 2 will participate from months 7 to 12, with an observation period from months 1 to 6. Cognitive tests, psychiatric assessments, and the UCLA loneliness scale will be conducted before the study, at 6 months, and at 12 months. Results will be analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Head MRI and SPECT scans will be performed pre- and post-VR program to evaluate changes and effects on brain regions. Recruitment began in September 2023, and data collection is expected to be completed by March 2025. Complete study results will be published by September 2025.
Discussion
The study examines the preliminary effects of VR on loneliness in predementia seniors through open-air bath simulations. Virtual reality experiences could benefit this population, particularly those with limited outdoor activities. Quantifying VR's impact will aid in determining the size for a larger clinical trial. Qualitative results will inform participation mechanisms and guide the implementation and design of future trials.
Trial registration
: The protocol and informed consent were approved by the Ethical Review Board of Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine on October 31, 2023 (ERB-C-2978). The study has been registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) on November 1, 2023 (Trial Registration Number: 000052667).
Incidence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Southeast Iran: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Maleki Alireza , Sargazi Meisam , Yousefian Ali , Sarhadi Saeedeh , Mollaei Maryam , Mohammadi Seyed Omid 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background and objectives:
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant cause of preventable premature infant vision loss. Many studies have reported different risk factors depending on the region. In this study, we evaluated the incidence of ROP and associated risk factors in a referral eye hospital in southeast Iran.
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of preterm infants with birth weight (BW) ≤ 2000 grams or gestational age (GA) ≤ 34weeks and infants with 34 < GA < 37weeks or GA < 37weeks and BW > 2000 grams referred by their pediatricians to our center from March 2022 until March 2023.
Results
920 infants met the inclusion criteria for the study, the incidence of ROP and severe ROP was 20.2% and 3.58% respectively. Results of logistic regression analysis showed higher GA and BW as protective factors against ROP occurrence. History of blood transfusion and phototherapy increased ROP development.
Conclusion
Lower GA, lower BW, history of blood transfusion, and phototherapy were associated with ROP development. Phototherapy decreased the need for treatment among ROP patients.
Nomograms for predicting prognosis in postoperative lip squamous cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Cheng Hao , Xu Jin-Hong , He Jia-Qi , Xu Xue-Lian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the most commonly occurring oral cavity cancer. This study aimed to establish and validate comprehensive nomograms for predicting the prognosis in postoperative LSCC patients.
Methods
A total of 136 postoperative lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) patients diagnosed between June 2012 and June 2018 were enrolled from two medical institutions and randomly divided into the training and validation groups at a ratio of 7:3. According to the results of the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, six independent indicators concerning overall survival (OS) were identified, including age, grade, T-stage, lymph node metastasis (LNM), perineural invasion (PNI), vascular invasion (VI), surgical margin. Besides, age, grade, T-stage, lymph node metastasis (LNM), perineural invasion (PNI), and surgical margin were independent predictors of disease-free survival (DFS) in LSCC patients. The two nomograms for predicting OS and DFS were developed based on the above results.
Results
The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that higher pathological grade, age ≥ 70 years, higher T-stage, positive lymph node metastasis (LNM), perineural invasion (PNI), vascular invasion (VI), and positive surgical margin were independent predictors of inferior OS. Meanwhile, higher pathological grade, age ≥ 70 years, higher T-stage, LNM, PNI, and positive surgical margin were independent predictors of inferior DFS. Based on the results above, two nomograms were constructed to predict 3- and 5-year OS and DFS in patients with LSCC. The C-indexes of the OS and DFS nomograms were 0.865 and 0.801 in the training group, and 0.915 and 0.815 in the validation group. The calibration curves showed satisfactory consistency between predicted and actual observed survival rates. The outperformance of the nomogram compared with the other predictors involved was shown by the decision curve analysis (DCA). Kaplan-Meier curves revealed statistical discrimination for the high-, medium-, and low-risk groups.
Conclusion
Two nomograms for predicting OS and DFS in patients with postoperative LSCC developed in this study perform well, which may be helpful for oncologists and surgeons to choose proper individual therapeutic schedules and design appropriate follow-up strategies.
Optimized Approach for Near-Real-Time Three-Dimensional Water Vapor in the GNSS Based on the Informer Model
Authors: Yixin Zhu , Pengfei Xia , Shirong Ye , Zhimin Sha , Junfei Jiang , Shenglong E 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The integration of near-real-time three-dimensional (3D) water vapor data into numerical weather prediction is crucial for monitoring and forecasting extreme weather events but faces various challenges. We focus on reconstructing the 3D water vapor field using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) water vapor tomography techniques, emphasizing two primary concerns: achieving high-precision initial 3D water vapor values and effectively partitioning the vertical tomography grid. We introduce a novel real-time, high-precision water vapor prediction model, namely, the Informer-WV model, based on the Informer framework, whose predictions serve as the initial values for tomography. Furthermore, we propose an innovative method for nonuniform vertical delineation of the tomography grid in which the upper boundary height of the 3D tomography grid is determined by the vertical prediction accuracy of the model. For practical application purposes, Hong Kong, China, was chosen as the study area. The Informer-WV model, utilizing ERA5 reanalysis data, successfully predicted the regional water vapor density for 2022. The model demonstrated a remarkable prediction accuracy, with an annual root mean square error (RMSE) better than 0.80 g/m³ compared to the actual ERA5 values. Building on this high-precision prediction, we adjusted the upper boundary altitude of the tomography grid to 5.2 km, specifically for Hong Kong. By benchmarking against radiosonde-derived water vapor density data, we analyzed the near-real-time tomography inversion results for the two weakest prediction periods of the model. The RMSE of the water vapor inversion values derived from our optimized method was reduced to 1.26 g/m³. This approach not only improved the accuracy by 19% relative to the initial predictions but also significantly outperformed the traditional tomography method.
A bespoke rapid evidence review process engaging stakeholders for supporting evolving and time-sensitive policy and clinical decision-making: reflection and lessons learned from the Wales Covid-19 Evidence Centre 2021-23
Authors: Lewis Ruth , Cooper Alison , Jarrom David , Mann Mala , Law Rebecca-Jane , Edwards Deborah , Carrier Judith , Shaw Hannah , Winfield Tom , Spencer Llinos Haf , Noyes Jane , Morgan Helen , Washington Jenni , Hasler Elise , Gal Micaela , Doe Elizabeth , Joseph-Williams Natalie , Edwards Adrian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic presented policymakers with time-sensitive decision problems and a rapidly increasing volume of research, not all of which was robust, or relevant to local contexts. A bespoke evidence review process supporting stakeholder engagement was developed as part of the Wales COVID-19 Evidence Centre (WCEC), which could flexibly react to the needs of decision-makers, to address urgent requests within days or months as required.Aims To describe and appraise the WCEC review process and methods and identify key learning points.Methods Three types of rapid review products were used, which could accommodate the breadth of decision problems and topics covered. Stakeholder (including public) engagement was integrated from the onset and supported throughout. The methods used were tailored depending on the needs of the decision-maker, type of research question, timeframe, and volume and type of evidence. We appraised the overall process and compared the methods used with the most recent and relevant best practice guidance.Results The remote collaboration between research teams, establishing a clear pathway to impact upfront, and the strong stakeholder involvement embedded in the review process were considered particular strengths. Several key learning points were identified, which focused on: enhancing stakeholders’ abilities to identify focused policy-relevant research questions; the collection and storage of review protocols at a central location; tightening quality assurance process regarding study selection, data extraction and quality assessment; adequate reporting of methodological shortcuts and understanding by stakeholders; piloting of an algorithm for assigning study design descriptors, and a single quality assessment tool covering multiple study designs; and incorporate, where appropriate an assessment of the confidence in the overall body of evidence using GRADE or similar framework.Conclusions The review process enabled a high volume of questions that were directly relevant to policy and clinical decision making to be addressed in a timely manner using a transparent and tailored approach.