bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation in sediment characteristics between canopy gap and surrounding forest in Can Gio Mangrove Biosphere Reserve, Vietnam
Authors: Pham H Q , Hoang K T , Bui A T , Le S T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study presented the difference in the sediments under a large gap formed by the Durian typhoon in 2006 and its surrounding intact forest in Can Gio Mangrove Biosphere Reserve, Vietnam. Twelve plots previously settled in the original gap and its surrounding forest were used to collect sediments in the dry and wet season in 2019 to assess the difference in sediment properties and nutritional state caused by the self-recovery of the vegetation. Sediment temperature and pH were measured in field, while the contents of total organic carbon (Corg) and total nitrogen (Ntot) were subsequently quantified in the chemical laboratory. Sediment temperature, salinity, and pH between the gap and the surrounding forest were not statistically different. The variation of Corg concentration in the gap sediments seemingly increased with depth from 1–15 cm in the dry season. The Ntot in the gap sediments showed that it was continuously consumed in the underlying sediments during both seasons. In conclusion, the variation in vegetation composition between the gap and its surrounding forest was responsible for the differences in sediment C and N concentrations.
Vegetation Indices for Spatio-Temporal Analysis of the Quality of Can Gio Mangrove for Biodiversity and Conservation
Authors: Nguyen T P C , Le T H , Nguyen T O , Le C L , Ha T C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Mangrove forest has an important role in protection against coastal erosion and carbon dioxide sequestration for climate change mitigation. The natural increase in vegetation quality can explain the increase in its health and biodiversity. This study aimed to examine the health of Can Gio Mangrove vegetation to determine its potential for preventing coastal erosion and maintaining biosphere’s conservation function. Algorithms in GIS and remote sensing were used along with the time-series temporal Landsat images in the 2010-2020 period to investigate the changes of vegetation indices: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI). The results showed positive changes of vegetation values between dry season and rain season, and large distribution of their good values in the 2010-2020 period. Decrease in the vegetation area and stability of surface waters area indicate the expansion of urbanized area. These results may support modification of the policy to control the urbanization, to maintain the mangrove biosphere reserve, and to enhance coastline stabilization.
Vulnerability Assessment of the Upper-Middle Pleistocene (qp2-3) Aquifer in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Using GIS and Expanded DRASTIC Methods
Authors: Nguyen A H , Tat V M H , Vo P L 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The groundwater vulnerability assessment model (DRASTIC) for zoning sensitivity based on natural and objective factors of aquifers is currently used and applied widely. In this study, we have expanded the weights in the DRASTIC index through the Entropy weight-based technique and visualized them in association with GIS for assessing the vulnerability of the Upper-Middle Pleistocene aquifer in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The value of Entropy weights calculated from the collected dataset of 106 monitoring boreholes of the study area. The Entropy-DRASTIC results divided into three categories: 9.45% of the study area was in the high vulnerability zones, low and medium vulnerability zones are 21.5% and 69.05% of the total study area, respectively. The highly vulnerable area, which is shallow aquifer roofs and recharged significantly (directly from rains or runoff from the surface flows exposed to contaminants from runoff flows). Low vulnerability areas with clay cover are weak permeability and medium vulnerability area is a sizable transitional zone surrounding the high and low vulnerability. This result suggests that the DRASTIC index model in association with GIS is a useful tool to assist policymakers in formulating solutions for the use of groundwater resources. Importantly, this finding is useful to the local authorities in shaping regulations on the use and exploitation of groundwater resources in suburban areas, where the public water supply network is inadequate, constrained groundwater resource and exposed to contamination.
The South Seas and Islands in Vietnam’s Maritime Strategy: Position and Development Potential
Authors: Quyet L V , Sen V V , Tien T A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Over 1,000 kilometers of islands and archipelagos make up Vietnam’s southern coastline. The following points are emphasized in the article based on surveys and secondary sources: (1) the benefits of the Southern Sea and Islands’ geographic location, environmental conditions, and natural resources; (2) the Southern Sea and Islands’ role in Vietnam’s marine economic development strategy; and (3) approaches to the sustainable development of the Southern Sea and Islands in Vietnam’s overall marine and island development strategy. The findings of the study indicate that the Southern Sea and Islands have abundant and diverse potential in terms of energy, maritime transport, ecosystems, and tourism, serving as a critical location for national security and defense for the region and the whole country. The development of marine and island values in the southern region of the country is a key component of Vietnam’s marine economic development strategy, which also emphasizes harmonious growth. Focusing on synchronized and harmonious actions is essential in the process of taking advantage of the Southern Sea and Islands’ benefits for the process of global economic integration. It is also important to promote the involvement of numerous economic sectors in the process of utilizing and sustainably growing the marine economy.
Cost-benefit analysis of migration in the context of environmental change in Ben Tre Province of Viet Nam
Authors: Trinh T T D 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Changes in the natural environment and the socio-economic environment have had both direct and indirect impacts on agricultural production and farmer’s life in three coastal districts of Ben Tre Province of Viet Nam, including Binh Dai, Ba Tri, and Thanh Phu. Natural environment changes are drought, saline intrusion, and landslides while the socio-economic environment changes consist of agricultural market fluctuation, rising labor and agricultural input price, decreasing output price, diseases, etc. One of the solutions that households take to cope with these changes is migration. In this article, the authors examine factors that affected households’ migrating decisions and behaviors using cost-benefit approach. Two research methods used in this study are social surveys and in-depth interviews. The survey was conducted with 79 households that have migrants in 3 coastal districts. The research suggests that migrants themselves made the migration decision in most cases (85%). Three main reasons for migration among farmers in the area have been identified as (1) solving the immediate difficulties of the household, (2) being part of the family’s long-term plan, and (3) being the family’s livelihood strategy in the short term (solving difficulties) and long-term (transforming livelihoods). The costs that migrants and their families can face are direct costs (packing, travel costs, rental housing, etc.) and indirect costs (change in living environment and social relations, anxiety of family members, and social evils at the destination, etc.). The benefits of migration can be immediate benefits (economic and non-economic) as well as long-term effects that have a great impact on household life and the migrants themselves. The research finds that migration provided more benefits related to the living conditions of households. It also points out that migration has become a feasible long-term adaptation strategy for farmers, those who stayed behind, in the context of environmental change.
Apply MIKE models to study the impacts of climate change on flooding and design adaptation measures in Can Tho City in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta.
Authors: Ho B Q , Nguyen T , Vu Kh , Dao K , Dung N A , Huynh N 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Can Tho City in the Mekong Delta usually has pluvial and fluvial floods every year. The situation will get worst in the future under climate change. This study aims (i) to apply the MIKE 11, MIKE 21, and MIKE FLOOD model to simulate the impact of climate change scenarios on flooding in Can Tho city (ii) to suggest climate change adaptation measures for sustainable social-economic activities of the city. We considered the combined effect of sea-level rise including RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, and RCP 8.5, and changes in climate factor (i.e., precipitation) for the years 2025, 2030, and 2050. The results show that the flood model is appropriate to simulate the flood. The flooded areas of the city under the scenarios of RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5 will be increased from 2025 to 2050, and RCP 4.5 will be increased progressively from the year 2025 to 2030 and reduced to 2050. In the scenario of RCP 8.5, the flooded area of the city will be gradually increased in 2025, 2030, and 2050 at 3,559 ha, 3,719 ha, and 4,476 ha, respectively. Fifteen adaptation measures to climate change from 2021 to 2050 are suggested.
The synthesis and characterization of demulsifying poly vinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Disc
Authors: Ullah Fida , Sahir Mehtab Ur Rehman , Bahader Ali , Ullah Haseeb , Hafeez Abdul , Ali Yasar , Khan Alamgir , dayan Fazal , Khan Amir Ali , Murtaza Muhmmad , Aziz Gohar , Khan Kamran , Ullah Naseer 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOil/water separation is still a challenging universal task. Here we fabricated an amphiphilic polymeric (APD) PVDF disc that can be used to separate free oil/water mixtures and recover the pure water from W/O emulsions. The modification of the disc includes deposition of copper oxide (CuO) was integrated on the surface via the impregnation method; the CTAB was used as a porogen to increase the roughness of the surface, Morphology of the disc was investigated by SEM and the result showed the nanoparticles were entrapped on the surface and inside the disc. FTIR results strongly predicted the correlation of CTAB, PVDF, and CuO nanoparticles of the modified disc. Separation and wettability test of the FRR% (Flux recovery ratio), permeate flux/oil rejection coefficient (R %) and the water-uptake test confirmed the antifouling properties, permeability of water, oil-rejection, and porosity of the disc. The purpose of impregnation CuO enhanced the hydrophilicity and anti-fouling properties of the PVDF disc.
Degradation of Organic pollutant by Green Tea Iron Nanoparticles
Authors: Singh Gurdev preet , Singh Jasvir , Rishita  , Saini Khiyati , Chandel Kanika , Kaur Jasmeet , Singh K.J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Eco Friendly green synthesis method with the use of green tea leaves is used in preparation of Iron nano particles in this research. This method is rarely ever used. Green synthesis methods are one of the recently developed environmentally favorable methods. Green process methods indeed play a crucial role in the advancement of nanotechnology by offering several benefits such as minimizing environmental impact and ensuring the safety of both researchers and end-users. Green manufacturing of catalysts supports sustainable advanced oxidation processes for degradation of organic products. Polyphenol contents which are already in plants prepare the metal nano particles and are revived by non-harmful biodegradable chemical components. High temperature and energy is not required in green synthesis method. The are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterized the synthesized nanoparticles. UV-vis spectrophotometer was used for calculating degradation efficiency of Nanoparticles (NPs). Degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) dye was investigated under sunlight with respect to time and catalyst concentration. MB dye was used as a model dye.
Effect of water retting on the physical and mechanical properties of extracted pine needle fibers
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Rakesh Pawan Kumar , Sreehari Dungali 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDue to the negative impact of synthetic fibers on the environment, natural fibers are being increasingly used in composite preparation. The hilly area of Uttarakhand state in India has an abundance of pine needle fibers (PNFs). This study focuses on extracting the PNFs using water retting, varying the retting duration (2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks) and measuring its physical and mechanical properties. After 4-weeks of retting, the extracted PNFs exhibited the lowest moisture content, resulting in improved hydrophobicity and rendering them suitable for reinforcement in composites. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the 4-weeks retting PNFs were 52.89 ± 12.77 MPa and 1.48 ± 0.39 GPa, respectively. Mechanical characteristics of extracted fibers have been assessed using Weibull’s statistical method in terms of tensile strength and Young’s modulus. Based on the findings, PNFs are predicted to serve as a reinforcement in environmentally friendly composites.
Design and synthesis of silver bio-nanocomposite for photocatalytic applications.
Authors: Ramya M , Jyothika V G , Ramanarayanan Rajita 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
One of the major concerns faced by humanity since Industrial Revolution is the contamination of water by the effluents released to the water bodies as a part of modernization and socio-economic development. Water purification is the most researched topic and numerous researches carried out in the past and are still going on in the present which pinpoints the seriousness of the grave issues raised by contamination of water bodies. In this work we have tried to develop a bio-nanocomposite utilizing colloidal silver nanoparticles synthesized via green protocol and arrowroot powder. Nano Silver well known for its photocatalytic properties has been incorporated into biodegradable and ecofriendly arrowroot powder for enhanced photocatalytic action and carried out degradation studies on the common contaminant dye Methylene Blue (MB). The synthesized bio nanocomposite exhibits promising photocatalytic action to be used for water purification.
Induced Wigner crystallization in a coupled electron-hole quantum wire system at finite-temperature
Authors: Rani Preeti , Kaur Kulveer , Garg Vinayak 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We explore the possibility of induced Wigner crystallization in a coupled electron-hole (e-h) quantum wire system at finite-temperature T by calculating the intra- and inter-wire static structure factors in the dynamic mean-field approximation of Singwi et al (the qSTLS theory). We find that owing to the dynamics of severely correlated particles, the e-h system may favour an induced phase transition from quantum liquid to the Wigner crystal state at a non-zero T and sufficiently low particle (electron/hole) number density in the close proximity of two wires. On the other hand, the static STLS approximation does not predict such phase transition due to complete neglect of the dynamics of particle correlations.
Doping effect on optical properties of pure and malachite green doped polyvinylidene fluoride films
Authors: Ahirwar Girja , Sahu Pooja Devi , Khare P K , Dubey R K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The films of pure polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and various concentration of malachite green (MG) doped have been prepared by solution cast method. The absorption spectra recorded by UV-VIS spectrophotometer 1700 Shimadzu. Absorbance versus wavelength spectra of pure and various concentration of MG doped PVDF films were observed in wavelength range 200-800 nm. With increasing malachite green in PVDF, intensity of absorbance edge and refractive index increases.
Analytical solution for fractional order temperature distribution in two dimensional multilayer composite circular discs
Authors: Wange N.J. , Dandale M.N. , Waikar Vinod 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article deals with mathematical approach to discuss the time-fractional heat conduction in two dimensional multilayer circular discs. The fractional order heat conduction equation is generated by using caputo time derivative. All the layers of the two dimension multilayer circular are assume to be thermally isotropic and making a perfect thermal contact. The boundary and interface conditions are expressed by the Riemann-Liouville derivative and the combination of first and second kind boundary condition in angular direction of the circular disc and for the third kind boundary condition in the radial direction. This solution is also applicable for composite multiple layers problem with inner radius may be zero. Three multiple layer problem studied numerically and graphically….
Effect of Electroless Nickel Coating on Wear Rate of EN8 Steel
Authors: Ghosh S , Bose B , Gaji S , Lakra A V , Debnath S , Ghosh S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Electroless Nickel coating has emerged as a major breakthrough in the development of novel materials with excellent tribological properties. In the present work Ni-P coating has been performed over EN8 steel specimens for an hour. Mechanical and tribological character was determined for the coated samples. Tribological tests were performed for various loads and the wear behavior of coated steel has been analyzed. The coated samples were found to be harder with improved frictional characteristics like lesser wear under similar working conditions.
Determination of Transmission Error and Mesh Stiffness in Spur Gear Pair using CAD-FEM Integration Approach
Authors: Karma V K , Maheshwari G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Unwanted sound and sensations are key sources of excitations in gear drives. They developed because of Transmission Error (TE). TE is a consequence of geometric or engineering flaws like profile/pitch error etc. or distortions like spall, indentation, crack, rubs etc. arising due to the diverse load conditions. These distortions and various gear parameters like number of teeth, contact ratio, module, pressure angle etc. have huge effects on TE and produce changes in mesh stiffness. This demands to investigate the effects of these parameters on TE and mesh stiffness for the avoidance or early finding of causes of malfunctions in the transmission system using computer models using CAD-CAE (FEM) software. In this paper the TE and mesh stiffness is determined using CAD-FEM integration approach and the impact of some of the gear parameters, tooth tip radius and geometric flaw-pitch error is analyzed. The modeling of spur gears & assembly to form gear pair is done in CAD software SOLIDWORKS. The gear pair formed is then introduced into FEM software Ansys for simulation using transient structural analysis method to find angular deformations and then TE and mesh stiffness. Several charts are drawn amongst rotation angle of one of the gears (driver gear) and TE/mesh stiffness for different gear parameters. The work demonstrated the use of CAD-CAE integration approach and point out that all these parameters affect TE and mesh stiffness in a meaningful way.
Improving the vortex tube parameters using CFD analysis for sustainable manufacturing
Authors: Selvan S Tamil , Venkataraman K , Balasubramanian K Arun , Venkatesan G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Sustainable development will provide innovative methods to lessen manufacturing’s negative environmental effects. Due to the rising desire for a more environmentally conscious populace, sustainability is becoming increasingly crucial in today’s world. Without using power or refrigerant, vortex tubes are a green method of spot cooling. Vortex tubes don’t need to be maintained and are maintenance free. Through this effort, the tube’s parameters will be optimized to raise the cooling temperature. Via CFD study, different vortex tubes with different lengths. Through CFD simulation, the ideal parameters for achieving the lowest cold gas temperature are discovered, including the ideal length of the tube to diameter of the tube ratios, freezing air collection tube diameter (dc), and parameters. By examining the behaviour of vortex tubes with various profiles, length-to-diameter ratios, icy orifice diameters, also a hot end areas using a computerized fluid dynamic tool, it will be possible to demonstrate that they are an alternative and long-lasting instrument for spot cooling in machining operations.
Organic pesticide from non-conventional natural resources
Authors: Bhattacharjee T , Kotame A A , Mahajan A , Ghorpade A , Kothadia A , Mohammadi A , Bhandarkar A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The new varieties of organic pesticides and their application as a substitute for chemical pesticides are the main topics of this paper. Due to the residue left on the vegetables, fruits, etc. which we consume on a daily basis, many of the contemporary, chemical pesticides being utilised today are reducing the soil fertility and negatively damaging human health. Study has shown that natural oils also work as pesticides but the emulsion of oil and water is big task so for that We need chemical based emulsifier so to avoid chemicals we are studying on various fruits and vegetable extracts which can be used as emulsifiers. According to the data of year 2020-21 Maharashtra leads with the 13243 MT of usage of pesticides. Orange peel extract contain chemicals such as saponins and flavonoids, which have the property of emulsifier for the emulsion of oil and water. After studying various papers, we found that orange peel extract can definitely work as emulsifier for oil and water emulsion. In this paper we got to know the presence of saponins with the help of froth test (test for saponins), test for flavonoids and the UV-Vis absorbance spectrum of the orange peel. In this we got the yield of orange peel extract using two different solvents. Paper tells us about the different analysis performed with the help of the parameters obtained for finding the presence of emulsifying properties present in orange peel.
Antityrosinase Activity of Phycocyanin and Cream Formulation for Hyperpigmentation
Authors: Muruganandam Aishwarya Raju , Venkatasubramanian Sivasankari , Jagmag Shail Adrian , Veerichetty Veerabhuvaneshwari 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Free radicals are involved in the catalytic reactions of tyrosinase to give dopaquinone in melanin biosynthesis. Screening of molecules with antioxidant activity from natural sources which inhibit tyrosinase has become important for cosmetic and medicinal topical products. Tyrosinase inhibitors are used in treating hyperpigmentation. Synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors possess side effects such as skin irritation, dermatitis, dryness, and inflammatory reaction. The objective of the study is to evaluate the tyrosinase inhibition potential of phycocyanin, which is a pigment extracted from the blue green algae Spirulina platensis and formulating a cream that can be used to treat hyperpigmentation. Phycocyanin possesses anticancer, antioxidant, antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities and exhibits the regulative ability of tyrosinase expression and thereby modulates melanogenesis. The spectral characterization of phycocyanin is carried out using UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR and HPTLC. Phycocyanin showed tyrosinase inhibition potential with an IC50 of 30.88-39.87 μg/ml in SK-Mel-28 melanoma cells. In melanogenesis pathway, tyrosinase regulates the production of melanin by the skin cells and by incorporating phycocyanin in cream will reduce the melanin production and treat hyperpigmentation.