bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vascularized fibular flap and custom-made synthesis in post-traumatic ulnar diaphyseal pseudarthrosis: a case report
Authors: Zanotti Filippo , Molteni Gabriele , Lavagnolo Umberto , Nocini Riccardo , Corain Massimo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Although isolated fractures of the ulnar shaft are considered common and relatively benign injuries, numerous complications can arise especially in the context of suboptimal care pathways. For pediatric patients, however, there is no single indication of the surgical approach. In the context of the management of these complications, it is known that the vascularized fibular graft has numerous advantages and indications in the treatment of recurrent pseudarthrosis. However, in revision surgery the frequent occurrence of anatomical subversions requires the use of fixation means adapted to the individual patient. We present a clinical case of an adult patient suffering from post-traumatic ulnar pseudarthrosis treated with autologous vascularized fibula grafts and 3D-planned custom-made plate.

Case presentation
A 38-year-old Ivorian woman came to our attention with a painful nonunion of the ulnar shaft and significant dysmorphism of the left forearm, with shortening and flexion of the limb as an outcome of unspecified road trauma in childhood. No alterations of the nerve compartment were reported. As far as detectable, she had undergone autologous bone grafting and implantation of questionable synthetic means, without acute treatment. Since we evaluated the patient (2012), we have performed two debridement surgeries, associated with autologous avascular bone graft from the iliac crest and plate fixation (2012 and 2014). In both cases, rupture of the fixation media was observed. In 2021, the pseudarthrosis was treated with a vascularized fibular bone graft. The subverted radius and ulna anatomy and poor bone quality required patient-specific reconstruction of the pseudarthrosic ulna from a 3D scan and the production of custom-made plate and screws, supported by the creation of special guides for drilling and by optimizing the positioning of screws with preoperative digital models. In the postoperative period, regular follow-up visits with X-rays evaluations were performed at 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery. No inflammatory reactions or local rejection were found. The fibula graft healed at the proximal ulnar junction six months after the operation while it took eight months to heal at the distal junction. Functionally, we observed a pain reduction and a range-of-motion preservation.

Conclusions
The multiple failures of diaphyseal reconstruction with avascular bone grafts have forced the indication to the vascularized fibular flap. This case is a unique experience but we believe that the association between vascularized bone graft and the potential for customization through 3D planning represents a valid surgical potentiality in complex cases of post-traumatic reconstruction.
Dam breach analysis of Kibimba Dam in Uganda using HEC-RAS and HEC-GeoRAS
Authors: Kiwanuka Moses , Chelangat Cyrus , Mubialiwo Ambrose , Lay Francis Joel , Mugisha Ayubu , Mbujje Webster Joel , Mutanda Hosea Eridadi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDam failures have severe consequences on human life and property. In the case of an earth filled Kibimba Dam located in Eastern Uganda, the occurrence of a flood equal to or larger than the probable maximum food (PMF) could result in catastrophic economic losses including loss of human life. This study utilized the USACE Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) and Hydrologic Engineering Center’s Geographic River Analysis System (HEC-GeoRAS) to analyze the potential dam break of Kibimba Dam, considering overtopping and piping failure scenarios. The results of the analysis revealed that the spillway of Kibimba Dam possesses sufficient capacity to safely discharge a flood resulting from a probable maximum flood peak of 400 m3/s. Therefore, the dam is not susceptible to breach under the overtopping failure mode. However, the dam failed under the piping failure mode. To assess the downstream impact of the dam break, the breach hydrographs resulting from piping failure were examined. Consequently, the study investigated the effects of flood propagation downstream of the dam. This resulted in varying inundation depths of up to 6 m and velocities ranging from 1.2 to 10 m/s. These findings highlight the devastating consequences of Kibimba Dam's failure, particularly affecting rice field plantations, infrastructure, and other economic activities in the downstream area. Therefore, the outcomes of this study are crucial for the development of Emergency Action Plans that incorporate dam breach and flood routing analyses specific to the affected downstream regions.
Phone addiction, cyberbullying, and mental health amongst young adults in the United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional study
Authors: AlQaderi Nour , Banibella Abdelmagied Elamin Ahmed , Yasser Abdelraouf Abdelmonem Khadiga , Teir Hajar Jamal , Andrade Gabriel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Smartphone addiction is a common phenomenon worldwide and within the UAE. It is related to many factors, including gender and ethnicity, and can lead to mental health disorders, such as anxiety and depression. This study investigates these factors concerning smartphone addiction among young adults in the UAE.

Methods
421 participants answered a questionnaire of validated and reliable scales measuring smartphone addiction, cyberbullying experiences, mental health, and demographic information. The average age of the participants was 21 years, and the age groups were divided into two groups. Group 1 consists of participants who are 20 years or younger, and group 2 consists of participants aged 21 or older.

Results
There was a positive correlation between smartphone addiction with both anxiety and depression. A positive correlation was also found between cyberbullying victims, anxiety, and depression. Females were found to have higher levels of anxiety and smartphone addiction in comparison to males.

Conclusion
Smartphone addiction is a problem that connects to disorders like anxiety and depression. Conversely, cyberbullying is not directly related to smartphone addiction but is also strongly related to anxiety and depression.
CD8 cytotoxic T-cell infiltrates and cellular damage in the hypothalamus in human obesity
Authors: Ahrendsen Jared T. , Nong Yi , Huo Yuda , Steele Jasmine , Anderson Matthew P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRare cases of paraneoplastic obesity in children suggest sporadic obesity might also arise from an adaptive immune cell-mediated mechanism. Since the hypothalamus is a central regulator of feeding behavior and energy expenditure, we quantified lymphocytic inflammation in this region in a cohort of obese and non-obese human post-mortem brains. We report that CD8-positive cytotoxic T-cells are increased in hypothalamic median eminence/arcuate nucleus (ME/Arc) and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in 40% of obese compared to non-obese patients, but not in other hypothalamic nuclei or brain regions. CD8 T-cells were most abundant in individuals with concurrent obesity and diabetes. Markers of cytotoxic T-cell induced damage, activated caspase 3 and poly-ADP ribose, were also elevated in the ME/Arc of obese patients. To provoke CD8 cytotoxic T-cell infiltrates in ventromedial region of hypothalamus in mice we performed stereotactic injections of an adeno-associated virus expressing immunogenic green fluorescent protein or saline. AAV but not saline injections triggered hypothalamic CD8 T-cell infiltrates associated with a rapid weight gain in mice recapitulating the findings in human obesity. This is the first description of the neuropathology of human obesity and when combined with its reconstitution in a mouse model suggests adaptive immunity may drive as much as 40% of the human condition.
Prediction model of the hardness of waterlogged archaeological wood based on NIR spectroscopy
Authors: Liu Tiantian , Xi Guanglan , Han Xiangna , Yin Yafang , Han Liuyang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The significance of waterlogged archaeological wood (WAW) lies in its profound informational value, encompassing historical, cultural, artistic, and scientific aspects of human civilization, and therefore need to be properly studied and preserved. In this study, the utilization of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is employed as a predictive tool for assessing the hardness value of WAW. Given the submerged burial conditions, waterlogged wooden heritage frequently undergo substantial degradation in their physical and mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of waterlogged wooden heritage are essential for evaluating their state of preservation and devising appropriate conservation and restoration strategies. However, conventional methods for testing mechanical properties are limited by factors such as the availability of adequate sample size and quantity, adherence to the “principle of minimum intervention,” and cost considerations. NIR spectroscopy is a non-destructive, rapid, sensitive, and low-cost analytical technique with great potential for application in this area. In this study, two large and significant ancient Chinese shipwrecks were investigated. One hundred ninety-seven samples were collected and analyzed using NIR spectroscopy and a portable C-type shore hardness testing method. A partial least squares (PLS) regression model was developed to predict the hardness of the WAW. The model was optimized and validated using different preprocessing methods and spectral ranges. The results indicate that the best models were obtained with first derivatives + multiple scattering corrections (MSC) and first derivatives + standard normal variate (SNV) preprocessing in the 1000–2100 nm spectral range, both with an R

2

c of 0.97, a root mean squared error of correction (RMSEC) of 2.39 and 2.40, and a standard error of correction (SEC) of 2.40 and 2.41. Furthermore, they exhibited an R

2

v of 0.89 and 0.87, a root mean squared error of cross-validation (RMSECV) of 4.43 and 4.67, a standard error of cross-validation (SECV) of 4.45 and 4.68, and RPD values of 3.02 and 2.88, respectively. A coefficient of determination of the established prediction model (R

2

p) of 0.89 with a relative standard deviation for prediction (RSD) of 6.9% < 10% was obtained using a sample from the prediction set to predict the established model inversely. These results demonstrate that NIR spectroscopy could enable a rapid, non-destructive, and accurate estimation of the hardness of WAW. Moreover, by carefully choosing appropriate preprocessing techniques and spectral ranges, the predictive capabilities and accuracy of the model can be further enhanced. This research also contributes to the development of a theoretical framework and a methodological approach for future studies in this field. Furthermore, the data obtained from this study are crucial for determining effective preservation strategies for waterlogged archaeological wood.
Dynamic economic evaluation of hundred megawatt-scale electrochemical energy storage for auxiliary peak shaving
Authors: Li Junhui , Mu Gang , Zhang Jiahui , Li Cuiping , Yan Gangui , Zhang Haotian , Chen Guohang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development of wind power, the pressure on peak regulation of the power grid is increased. Electrochemical energy storage is used on a large scale because of its high efficiency and good peak shaving and valley filling ability. The economic benefit evaluation of participating in power system auxiliary services has become the focus of attention since the development of grid-connected hundred megawatt-scale electrochemical energy storage systems (ESS). Based on the relationship between power and capacity in the process of peak shaving and valley filling, a dynamic economic benefit evaluation model of peak shaving assisted by hundred megawatt-scale electrochemical ESS considering the equivalent life of the battery is proposed. The model considers the investment cost of energy storage, power efficiency, and operation and maintenance costs, and analyzes the dynamic economic benefits of different energy storage technologies participating in the whole life cycle of the power grid. Then, according to the current ESS market environment, the auxiliary service compensation price, peak-valley price difference and energy storage cost unit price required to make the energy storage technology achieve the balance of payments are calculated, and the economic balance points of different energy storage types are clarified. Finally, based on the measured data of different provincial power grids, the economies of six energy storage types applied to three provincial power grids are compared and analyzed, and the rationality and effectiveness of the relevant models proposed are verified. The work has theoretical guiding significance for the economic benefit evaluation of hundred megawatt-scale electrochemical energy storage.
Guidelines for molecular testing in non-small cell lung cancer – recommendations from the Brazilian Society of Pathology
Authors: Tavora Fabio , Baldotto Clarissa , Neto Francisco Martins , William William , Da Silva Igor Campos , Gaglionone Nicolle Cavalcante , D’Almeida Felipe , Assis Emilio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Brazilian Society of Pathology Guidelines project aims to provide recommendations for clinicians and pathologists based on the best available scientific evidence adapted from the International Guidelines, with emphasis in the practice of Brazilian pathologists. It reviews currently available and emerging molecular tests. In this paper, a combined effort from members of the Brazilian Society of Pathology describes the essential pre-analytical issues, the required clinical information to allow proper molecular testing interpretation, and the important role of pathologists in multidisciplinary tumor boards.
Genome-wide identification and analysis of the CNGC gene family in upland cotton under multiple stress conditions
Authors: Kirungu Joy Nyangasi , Magwanga Richard Odongo , Shiraku Margaret Linyerera , Okuto Erick , Cai Xiaoyan , Xu Yanchao , Hou Yuqing , Agong’ Stephen Gaya , Wang Kunbo , Wang Yuhong , Zhou Zhongli , Liu Fang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) gene family plays a significant role in the uptake of both essential and toxic cations, and has a role in enhancing tolerance to various forms of abiotic stresses as well as the modulation of the heavy metal toxicity to plant through the absorption of heavy metals.

Results
A complete genome-wide identification and functional characterization of the cotton CNGC genes was carried out, in which 55, 28, and 29 CNGC genes were identified in Gossypium hirsutum, G. raimondii, and G. arboreum, respectively. The protein encoded by the CNGC genes exhibited GRAVY value below zero, indicating their hydrophilic property. CNGC genes were unevenly distributed in 19 out of 26 chromosomes, in which the highest density were observed on Ah05, with 8 genes. High gene coverage was observed among the diploid cotton species, with CNGC genes mapped on all A chromosomes and on 11 out of 13 of D chromosomes. The majority of CNGC proteins were localized in the endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, and plasma membrane. Gene expression analysis revealed the up-regulation of Gh_A01G0520 (CNGC4) and Gh_D13G1974 (CNGC5) across various forms of abiotic stresses. Moreover, down-regulation of Gh_A01G0520 (CNGC4) and Gh_D13G1974 (CNGC5) in CNGCs silenced plants caused the significantly reduced ability to tolerate drought and salt stresses. All CNGCs silenced plants were recorded to have significantly low content of antioxidants but relatively higher content of oxidant, including MDA and H2O2. Furthermore, SPAD, CMS (cell membrane stability), ELWL (excised leaf water loss), SDW (shoot dry matter weight), and RDW (root dry matter weight) were all lower in CNGCs silenced plants compared with the wild type plants.

Conclusion
Significant reduction in antioxidant content and negative effects of physiological and morphological characters in CNGCs silenced plants has revealed the novel role of CNGC genes in enhancing cell integrity under abiotic stress conditions. These results provide vital information that will expand our understanding of the CNGC gene family in cotton and other plants, thus promoting the integration of these genes in the development of the environmental resilient plants.
Som tum, the famous ethnic food of Thailand: its benefit and innovations
Authors: Nugroho David , Surya Reggie , Janshongsawang Jirapad , Thinthasit Aphinya , Benchawattananon Rachadaporn 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSom tum is widely recognized as a traditional ethnic cuisine originating from Thailand. The dish is composed of various ingredients, including raw papaya, tomatoes, chili, palm sugar, garlic, lime, and roasted peanuts, among others. This food is unique in terms of name, history, culture, properties, and taste. Enhancing health, physical fitness, and immunity are advantageous outcomes. The study uses a descriptive methodology approach. The data were obtained via comprehensive interviews conducted with a consumer, a food technology lecturer, an owner of a traditional shop, and a government staff member. The study was conducted in the Khon Kaen Province. The data supporting the research were obtained through a comprehensive review of relevant literature. Som tum is considered a significant aspect of the cultural experience in Thailand, particularly in the northeastern region. This particular food item has gained popularity among a broader demographic and is now regularly consumed as a staple food. Currently, this product has been introduced as an innovative addition to the business sector, with its availability in various products including ready-to-eat and seasoning. Som tum has the potential in the health food sector because it is made from many ingredients, so it is rich in glutamic acid, vitamin C, protease enzymes and essential amino acids which are good for human health. The objective of this article was to impart information relating to the historical background, uniqueness, composition, processing, health benefits, development, and innovation of som tum.
Probing the multitargeting potential of n-hexane fraction of Gongronema latifolium leaves in neurodegeneration via in vitro, GC–MS and in silico studies
Authors: Gyebi Gideon A. , Ejoh Joseph C. , Ogunyemi Oludare M. , Ibrahim Auza Moses , Ibrahim Ibrahim M. , Afolabi Saheed O. , Anyanwu Gabriel O. , Ojo Rotimi J. , Ogunro Olalekan B. , Alotaibi Badriyah S. , Batiha Gaber El-Saber 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are associated with increased activities of brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) as well as Aβ-amyloid (Aβ) neurotoxicity; therefore, they offer a therapeutic option for the treatment of NDDs such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study was aimed at identifying multi-targeting neurotherapeutics from Gongronema latifolium leaves using in vitro analysis, GC–MS profiling and computational methods.

Results
The n-hexane solvent partition fraction of the methanol extract of Gongronema latifolium leaf (HF) exhibited concentration-dependent inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase but not against MOA in vitro. The GC–MS chemical profiling identified 17 phytochemicals from the HF; these were further screened against human AChE, BChE, β-secretase enzyme (BACE1) and amyloid-β (Aβ) fibrils using molecular docking, ensemble-based docking (EBD), molecular dynamics simulation (MDs) and binding free energy (BFG) coupled with predictive adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) analysis. The lead phytochemicals (LPs) (dihydroactinidiolide and 1H-Indole-3-ethanamine), with mean binding energies (− 6.525 ± 0.895 and 6.475 ± 0.985; − 6.833 ± 0.461 and − 6.466 ± 0.577; − 6.2 ± 0.845 and − 5.95 ± 0.353 kcal/mol) exhibited multi-target binding tendencies to the catalytic residues of hAChE, hBChE and hBACE1, in addition to hAβ fibril-disruptive tendencies (− 6.325 ± 0.545 and − 5.95 ± 0.353 kcal/mol), respectively. These results corroborated the initial molecular docking and BFG computations. The lead phytochemical–protein complexes were stable during the period of MDs. The LP presented favorable drug-likeness and ADMET properties coupled with the capacity to traverse the BBB.

Conclusion
Dihydroactinidiolide and 1H-Indole-3-ethanamine, in part or in synergy, are identified as neurotherapeutic constituents of Gongronema latifolium that may have been responsible for the ethnopharmacologically reported neurotherapeutic activities of the leaf, and hence they are suggested as potential drug candidates that can be useful for managing or treating neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease, subject to further investigation.
A fuzzy TOPSIS method for surface integrity criteria ranking using the wire electrical discharge machining process
Authors: Sawyerr Babatunde Alade , Fasina Ebun , Adedeji Wasiu Oyediran , Adeniran Mofoluso Kehinde , Oke Sunday Ayoola , Rajan John 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study is to propose a method called the fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution (F-TOPSIS) to select parameters of the wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) process. Consequently, the parameters principally influencing the outputs of the WEDM process were identified and examined using the F-TOPSIS framework where the inputs of three decision makers, representing their opinions are incorporated into the analysis. The idea of parametric selection in a WEDM process is multicriteria-based when the production of nitinol-60 smart memory alloy (SMA) is critically considered. Current approaches of TOPSIS and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) evaluations to select the WEDM parameters fail because of the constraints of linguistic evaluations, but the use of F-TOPSIS crosses over the restriction to choose the best parameters in a WEDM process for nitinol-60 SMA. In this work, the experimental results obtained from published research were utilised to validate the proposed method. The validation of the suitability of F-TOPSIS, aided by the published work on the WEDM process, analysed the surface integrity of nitinol-60 SMA. From the five outputs, the closeness coefficients of the best and worst are found to be 0.7567 and 0.2838, respectively. This research aids the process engineer in optimising the outputs in the WEDM process, to select the best output. Hence, the research showcased how the WEDM process could select outputs efficiently, thus aiding process engineers to maintain the process to optimise parametric resource allocations and guarantee utmost productivity.