bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Locational and functional characterization of PI4KB in the mouse embryo
Authors: Zhao Haoyu , Kong Fengyun , Yu Weikai , Zhao Huijie , Zhang Jingjing , Zhou Jun , Meng Xiaoqian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhosphatidylinositol 4‐kinase beta (PI4KB) is a member of the PI4K family, which is mainly enriched and functions in the Golgi apparatus. The kinase domain of PI4KB catalyzes the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol to form phosphatidylinositol 4‐phosphate, a process that regulates various sub‐cellular events, such as non‐vesicular cholesterol and ceramide transport, protein glycosylation, and vesicle transport, as well as cytoplasmic division. In this study, a strain of PI4KB knockout mouse, immunofluorescence, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and microinjection were used to characterize the cytological location and biological function of PI4KB in the mouse embryos. we found that knocking down Pi4kb in mouse embryos resulted in embryonic lethality at around embryonic day (E) 7.5. Additionally, we observed dramatic fluctuations in PI4KB expression during the development of preimplantation embryos, with high expression in the 4‐cell and morula stages. PI4KB colocalized with the Golgi marker protein TGN46 in the perinuclear and cytoplasmic regions in early blastomeres. Postimplantation, PI4KB was highly expressed in the epiblast of E7.5 embryos. Treatment of embryos with PI4KB inhibitors was found to inhibit the development of the morula into a blastocyst and the normal progression of cytoplasmic division during the formation of a 4‐cell embryo. These findings suggest that PI4KB plays an important role in mouse embryogenesis by regulating various intracellular vital functions of embryonic cells.
Investigating the role of Purkinje fibers and synaptic connectivity in balance regulation through comprehensive ultrastructural and immunohistochemical analysis of the donkey's (Equus asinus) cerebellum
Authors: Elarab Samar M. Ez , Alsafy Mohamed A.M. , El‐Gendy Samir A.A. , El‐Bakary Neveen E.R. , Elsayed Noreldin Ahmed , Rashwan Ahmed M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe donkey's extraordinary capacity to endure substantial loads over long distances while maintaining equilibrium suggests a distinctive cerebellar architecture specialized in balance regulation. Consequently, our study aims to investigate the intricate histophysiology of the donkey's cerebellum using advanced ultrastructural and immunohistochemical methodologies to comprehend the mechanisms that govern this exceptional ability. This study represents the pioneering investigation to comprehensively describe the ultrastructure and immunohistochemistry within the donkey cerebellum. Five adult donkeys' cerebella were utilized for the study, employing stains such as hematoxylin, eosin, and toluidine blue to facilitate a comprehensive histological examination. For immunohistochemical investigation, synaptophysin (SP), calretinin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein were used and evaluated by the Image J software. Furthermore, a double immunofluorescence staining of SP and neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) was performed to highlight the co‐localization of these markers and explore their potential contribution to synaptic function within the donkey cerebellum. This investigation aims to understand their possible roles in regulating neuronal activity and synaptic connectivity. We observed co‐expression of SP and NSE in the donkey cerebellum, which emphasizes the crucial role of efficient energy utilization for motor coordination and balance, highlighting the interdependence of synaptic function and energy metabolism. The Purkinje cells were situated in the intermediate zone of the cerebellum cortex, known as the Purkinje cell layer. Characteristically, the Purkinje cell's bodies exhibited a distinct pear‐like shape. The cross‐section area of the Purkinje cells was 107.7 ± 0.2 µm2, and the Purkinje cell nucleus was 95.7 ± 0.1 µm2. The length and diameter of the Purkinje cells were 36.4 × 23.4 µm. By scanning electron microscopy, the body of the Purkinje cell looked like a triangular or oval with a meandrous outer surface. The dendrites appeared to have small spines. The Purkinje cells' cytoplasm was rich with mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, multivesicular bodies, and lysosomes. Purkinje cell dendrites were discovered in the molecular layer, resembling trees. This study sheds light on the anatomical and cellular characteristics underlying the donkey's exceptional balance‐maintaining abilities.
Transitional care of adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease to adult services varies widely across Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Vernon‐Roberts Angharad , Chan Patrick , Christensen Britt , Day Andrew S , Havrlant Rachael , Giles Edward , Williams Astrid‐Jane 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and AimChildren and adolescents account for approximately 14% of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnoses. At an appropriate age and level of development adolescents with IBD have their care transferred from the pediatric to adult clinical team during a process termed “transition”. The study aim was to survey pediatric gastroenterologists throughout Australasia to identify commonality in the transition process to contribute to standardized guideline development.MethodsA descriptive survey captured key variables: transition clinic format, process and infrastructure, transition assessments, and guidelines. The survey was distributed electronically to 59 Pediatric Gastroenterologists throughout Australasia in January 2023.ResultsSeventeen (29%) clinicians completed the survey: Australia 13 (76%). New Zealand 4 (24%). Thirteen (76%) respondents had access to a dedicated IBD transition clinic. Adolescents attended transition clinics 1–7 times, and the main processes transferred were: prescription provision, biologic appointments, and adult team contacts. Transition was first discussed age 13–15 years (53%), or 16–18 years (47%), with the main discussion topics including: continuing adherence (88%), smoking (59%), alcohol use (59%), recreational drug use (59%). Transition readiness assessments were done infrequently (24%). The minority (24%) used formal guidelines to inform the transition process, but 15 (88%) considered the development of a standardized Australasian guideline as beneficial/extremely beneficial.ConclusionsThis survey highlighted that transition care for adolescents with IBD is variable across Australasia. Australasian guideline development may optimize the transition process for adolescents with IBD and improve their longitudinal outcomes.
Dearomative [4 + 2] cycloaddition of 3‐nitroindoles with ortho‐amino Morita−Baylis−Hillman carbonates to forge indole‐fused quinolines
Authors: Wang Kai‐Kai , Li Yan‐Li , Li Lan‐Xin , Yao Wei‐Wei , Li Ya‐Fei , Wang Wen‐Fei , Chen Rongxiang , Hu Yi‐Fan , Sun Aili 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA dearomative [4 + 2] cycloaddition of 3‐nitroindoles ortho‐amino Morita−Baylis−Hillman carbonates was established under mild conditions. This method provides an efficient and practical approach for delivering tetrahydro‐5H‐indolo[2,3‐b]quinolines containing three contiguous stereocenters, two tertiary and one quaternary, in high yield (up to 95%) with excellent diastereoselectivity (all cases >25:1 dr). The potential synthetic applications of this strategy were also highlighted by the scale‐up experiment and further synthetic transformation. Moreover, the structure and relative configuration of the cycloadduct was unequivocally confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction.
North Atlantic atmospheric circulation indices: Links with summer and winter temperature and precipitation in north‐west Europe, including persistence and variability
Authors: Simpson Ian , Hanna Edward , Baker Laura , Sun Yiming , Wei Hua‐Liang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVariability in seasonal weather in north‐west Europe is substantially determined by jet stream variability. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) has been well studied as a key representation of this jet stream variability, but other circulation indices are also important. Here the first three principal component empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of 500 hPa geopotential height (GPH), which broadly correspond to the NAO, the East Atlantic pattern (EA) and Scandinavian pattern (SCA), as well as jet speed and latitude, are correlated with temperature and precipitation anomalies over Europe with a focus on north‐west Europe, as well as measures of persistence and variability. In high summer (July and August), all three of the principal EOFs are significantly correlated with extreme temperatures in large areas of northern Europe. In winter, for much of north‐west Europe, both temperatures and precipitation are positively correlated with the jet speed, and precipitation is negatively correlated with EOF3. There is some non‐stationarity in some of the relationships, notably between winter precipitation and EOF1, and between July/August precipitation and EOF2. In addition to single variate correlations, multiple correlation coefficients are also used to determine areas of significant correlation when combining two or three of the circulation indices. The multiple correlation analyses show that combining the three EOFs produces significant correlations with temperature and precipitation over much of Europe. These analyses provide scope for using seasonal forecasts to predict likely temperature and precipitation anomalies based on predicting the atmospheric circulation anomalies and downscaling them. Improved seasonal forecasts of temperature and precipitation, including persistence and variability, will be useful to a number of users, such as agrifood, transport, energy supply and insurance.
Integrating destination positioning and identity salience to enhance childcare service experiences in family travel: An insight from Macau
Authors: Liu Jing , Mai Huiwen , Tao Ran , Wang Ziyan , Zhang Yuanhao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAddressing the lack of an integrated view of family travel destination positioning and experience design, this study focuses on examining how a new form of family travel experiences, that is, childcare service experiences available during the hospitality and tourism consumption, combined with destination positioning to trigger travelers' positive perceptions of the overall tourism experiences in Macau. Furthermore, using the lens of identity salience, this study is among the first to investigate how the salience of self‐ or family‐identity changes the impact of childcare service experiences on travelers' destination attitudes. The findings of the two scenario‐based experiments suggested that compared to family travel destination positioning, individual characteristics (i.e., identity salience) exerted a significant strengthening effect on the impact of childcare service experiences on family travelers. This study is informative for destination marketers and hospitality and tourism managers and will help them to effectively design tourism experiences that appeal to family travelers.
The influence of value perceptions on tourist souvenir purchase decisions
Authors: Wang Wei , Yaoyuneyong Gallayanee , Sullivan Pauline , Burgess Brigitte 
Published: January 2024

AbstractShopping is an important activity impacting the travel and tourism industry. This research explores the influence of value perceptions on tourists' souvenir purchase decisions. A convenience sample of 380 respondents from a southeastern US university completed a survey regarding value perception towards the destination visited, type of shopping venue, and souvenir purchase intention. Through structural equation modeling, results revealed that functional and social value significantly influenced tourists' purchase intentions. This result provides valuable insight suggesting destination marketers should focus on these two indicators in future planning and promotion strategies. Limitations and directions for future research are provided.
Easing of travel restrictions: Examining increased intention toward proximity tourism through quasi‐experiments
Authors: Zhang Yang , Fu Xiao‐Xiao , Yin Yue 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe rise of proximity tourism since the onset of COVID‐19 has enabled individuals to assess their daily lives from new perspectives. Nevertheless, in studies of this change, scant attention has been given to the influence of government performance on the perception and behavior of proximity tourists. Drawing upon micro‐governance theory in conjunction with the two‐factor hygiene model, this study proposes a novel conceptual framework. The effects of pandemic‐related strict vs. relaxed travel restrictions on potential proximity tourists' intention to travel are examined alongside mortality salience as a moderator and perceived extraordinariness as a mediator. Two quasi‐experiments reveal a positive link between government performance and travel intention, especially when moderated by mortality salience. Relaxed travel restrictions, coupled with the performance of government protests, greater perceived extraordinariness, thus amplifying travel intention. This study offers pioneering empirical validation of government response and its impact on post‐disaster proximity tourism intention.
Paradoxical effects of tourism ethnocentrism on domestic tourism: The moderating effect of pandemic anxiety travel
Authors: Kim Haeok Liz , Hyun Sunghyup Sean 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis research findings to study the impact of socio‐psychological, economic, and political antecedents on tourism and to study the relationship among tourism ethnocentrism (TE), civilized tourism behavioral intention, willingness to visit, and electronic‐word of mouth. Also, it examines the moderating role of pandemic anxiety variables. The results show that American socio‐psychological and political antecedents are factors that directly affect TE and have a significant effect on travelers who are insecure about traveling due to the pandemic. Travelers affected by socio‐psychological and political antecedents were found to have higher TE and higher travel anxiety due to the pandemic. Therefore, this study suggests the need to strengthen people's patriotism and pride in their country to activate domestic tourism, which should be used as a tourism marketing material to promote domestic travel post‐pandemic.
Economic Burden of Induced Laryngeal Obstruction in Adolescents and Children
Authors: Fujiki Robert Brinton , Lunga Tadeas , Francis David O. , Thibeault Susan L. 
Published: January 2024

PurposeDiagnosing pediatric induced laryngeal obstruction (ILO) requires equipment typically available in specialist settings, and patients often see multiple providers before a diagnosis is determined. This study examined the financial burden associated with the diagnosis and treatment of ILO in pediatric patients with reference to socioeconomic disadvantage.MethodsAdolescents and children (<18 years of age) diagnosed with ILO were identified through the University of Madison Voice and Swallow Outcomes Database. Procedures, office visits, and prescribed medications were collected from the electronic medical record. Expenditures were calculated for two time periods (1) pre‐diagnosis (first dyspnea‐related visit to diagnosis), and (2) the first year following diagnosis. The Area Deprivation Index (ADI) was used to estimate patient socioeconomic status to determine if costs differed with neighborhood‐level disadvantage.ResultsA total of 113 patients met inclusion criteria (13.9 years, 79% female). Total pre‐diagnosis costs of ILO averaged $6486.93 (SD = $6604.14, median = $3845.66) and post‐diagnosis costs averaged $2067.69 (SD = $2322.78; median = $1384.12). Patients underwent a mean of 3.01 (SD = 1.9; median = 2) procedures and 5.8 (SD = 4.7; median = 5) office visits prior to diagnosis. Pharmaceutical, procedure/office visit, and indirect costs significantly decreased following diagnosis. Patients living in neighborhoods with greater socioeconomic disadvantage underwent fewer procedures and were prescribed more medication than those from more affluent areas. However, total expenditures did not differ based on ADI.ConclusionsPediatric ILO is associated with considerable financial costs. The source of these costs, however, differed according to socioeconomic advantage. Future work should determine how ILO diagnosis and management can be more efficient and equitable across all patients. Laryngoscope, 134:3384–3390, 2024
The Recent Advances of Polymer–POSS Nanocomposites With Low Dielectric Constant
Authors: Miao Li , Zhan Lingling , Liao Shenglong , Li Yang , He Tian , Yin Shouchun , Wu Lianbin , Qiu Huayu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study provides a comprehensive overview of the preparation methods for polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) monomers and polymer/POSS nanocomposites. It focuses on the latest advancements in using POSS to design polymer nanocomposites with reduced dielectric constants. The study emphasizes exploring the potential of POSS, either alone or in combination with other materials, to decrease the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of various polymers, including polyimides, bismaleimide resins, poly(aryl ether)s, polybenzoxazines, benzocyclobutene resins, polyolefins, cyanate ester resins, and epoxy resins. In addition, the research investigates the impact of incorporating POSS on improving the thermal properties, mechanical properties, surface properties, and other aspects of these polymers. The entire study is divided into two parts, discussing systematically the role of POSS in reducing dielectric constants during the preparation of POSS composites using both physical blending and chemical synthesis methods. The goal of this research is to provide valuable strategies for designing a new generation of low dielectric constant materials suitable for large‐scale integrated circuits in the semiconductor materials domain.
Porous Poly(ionic Liquid) Membrane with Metal Nanoparticle Gradient: A Smart Actuator for Visualizing Chemical Reactions
Authors: Zhao Xue‐Jing , Liu Si‐Hua , Sun Jian‐Ke 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPoly(ionic liquid) (PIL)‐based porous membranes are extensively investigated as soft polymer actuators. While PILs have shown significant advancements in membrane fabrication and stabilization of metal nanoparticles (MNPs), research on integrating MNPs into porous membranes to achieve actuation behavior under multiple stimuli is limited. Herein, this work presents a new paradigm for designing a porous PIL‐polyacrylic acid (PAA) membrane with a distinct MNP gradient via a top‐bottom diffusion approach involving a metal salt precursor solution and NaBH4 as a reducing agent. The strong binding sites provided by PILs, combined with the gradient distribution of ‐COO− groups across the membrane cross‐section, play a significant role in controlling the MNPs’ gradient distribution. Interestingly, the MNPs within the membrane display excellent catalytic activity in exothermic reactions such as H2O2 decomposition, dissipating uneven heat that quickly permeates the membrane network. This induces asymmetrical swelling of polymer chains, resulting in rapid membrane bending. Furthermore, such MNP‐loaded membrane could serve as a portable test paper for visually monitoring H2O2. This advancement paves the way for the development of intricate smart actuation materials and expands their practical applications in various real‐life scenarios.
A high‐linearity LC‐VCO with combined MOS varactors and bulk‐biased PMOS varactors for gain variation compensation
Authors: Wang Ka'nan , He Yunxiang , Tang Renjie , Li Dan , Geng Li , Gui Xiaoyan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA high‐linearity LC‐voltage‐controlled oscillator (LC‐VCO) with combined metal‐oxide semiconductor varactors and bulk‐biased P‐channel metal‐oxide semiconductor varactors in parallel is proposed to reduce the VCO‐gain (KVCO) variation and extend the linear range of the control voltage. Fabricated in a 180‐nm complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor process, the proposed topology achieves a low gain variation of less than 6.3% and a tuning range of ~28% operating from 2.31 to 3.06 GHz, corresponding to a linear control voltage range from 0.6 to 1.4 V. The phase noise is measured to be −115.3 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset at 3.06 GHz and the figure of merit (FoM) is −181.2 dBc/Hz. The oscillator occupies an area of 0.93 × 0.54 mm and consumes 1.8 mW from mixed 1.2/1.8 V supply voltage.
Micro‐mechanism of stress‐dilatancy anisotropy in granular materials: Affine and nonaffine deformation
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Xiaoxiao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe stress‐induced dilatancy anisotropy is an important kinematic response in granular materials and is very complex due to the stochastic motion of particles. In this study, the local stress‐dilatancy relationship is investigated referring to the local contact force and relative displacement in a certain contact direction. The micromechanism of this anisotropy is investigated from the view of affine and nonaffine approaches based on DEM simulation. Numerical results indicate that the local nonaffine dilatancy/contraction tendency is opposite with that of local affine deformation in macroscopic compression and extension direction, which mainly stems from the counteraction effect between the normal components of affine and nonaffine displacements. The local stress‐dilatancy of affine and nonaffine components is linear and orientation‐dependent, which results in the nonlinear character of macroscopic stress‐dilatancy. By establishing an analytical relation of stress‐dilatancy, the local affine/nonaffine dilatancy is decomposed into the component of stress‐induced dilatancy synchronized with the local stress anisotropy; and the component of stress‐induced dilatancy asynchronized with the local stress anisotropy. The former is related to the unchanged isotropic microstructure, and the latter attributes to the anisotropic microstructure. Besides, the contribution of nonsliding contacts to nonaffine dilatancy is larger than that of sliding contacts even for the case of relatively higher sliding ratio, which indicates that the heterogeneous deformation attributes not only to the friction dissipation, but to the blocked energy at micro contacts in granular materials.
Mechanical properties, surface treatments, and applications of jute fiber reinforced composites—A review
Authors: Shakir Mufaddal Huzefa , Singh Akant Kumar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe rise in environmental concerns and pollution is largely to blame for the popularity of jute and its hybrid composites. Jute fibers are inexpensive, plentiful, and have acceptable mechanical characteristics such as tensile, flexural, and impact strength, along with a moderate to high tensile modulus. Environmental worries about the risks of composites made with synthetic fibers have caused an exponential growth in research into all‐natural fibers and materials. Many applications have made heavy use of jute and its hybrid composites. Hybrid jute‐based composites offer improved mechanical and physical characteristics that are marginally superior to jute fiber composites. This review includes a thorough examination of composites made of jute fiber. The main objective of this review article is to offer a critical analysis and highlight all recent advancements in jute‐based composites. The information in the article covers a variety of jute‐based composites topics, such as their chemical composition, surface treatments, mechanical and physical properties, applications, and hybrid jute‐based composites.