bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic Disease Management and Optimization of Functional Status Before Surgery: Does This Improve Long-Term Postoperative Outcomes?
Authors: Warwick Eleanor , Moonesinghe Suneetha Ramani 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose of the Review
Perioperative care is facing many challenges; these include long surgical wait times, an increasing demand for surgery, a more complex perioperative population, and increased health inequalities. As perioperative care providers, we have an opportunity to shape the future of perioperative care and address these challenges by working to improve the health of those presenting for surgery.

Recent Findings
There is equipoise in the literature on the impact of chronic disease management and functional status optimization, but we feel that it is now time to embed these concepts into perioperative care and up-to-date guidance and policy support this.

Summary
Clinicians have the opportunity to improve the care of complex patients in the perioperative period, and they can contribute to the development of robust, equitable, and streamlined perioperative pathways. However, perioperative care also affords the opportunity to engage, educate, and empower patients in their health looking beyond purely surgical outcomes, aiming for improved long-term health management and behavioural modification.
Tsunami tide prediction in shallow water using recurrent neural networks: model implementation in the Indonesia Tsunami Early Warning System
Authors: Dharmawan Willy , Diana Mery , Tuntari Beti , Astawa I. Made , Rahardjo Sasono , Nambo Hidetaka 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNear-field tides prediction for tsunami detection in the coastal area is a significant problem of the cable-based tsunami meter system in north Sipora, Indonesia. The problem is caused by its shallow water condition and the unavailability of an applicable model or research for tsunami detection in this area. The problem foundation of shallow water area is its ambient noise level-dependent property that requires preprocessing to improve its feature representation. Moreover, because this shallow water is close to the land area, we must consider a model that can accommodate low prediction time for a Tsunami Early Warning System. Therefore, we propose a recurrent neural network (RNN) model because of its reliable performance for time series forecasting. Our report evaluates variants of the RNN model (the vanilla RNN, LSTM and GRU models) in tides prediction and z-score analysis for tsunami identification. The GRU model overwhelms the other two variants in error scores and time processed (training and prediction). It can achieve median error score distribution of $$7.8 \times 10^{-5}$$

7.8
×

10

-
5

on the L1000-P250 configuration with time prediction under 0.1 s. This lower-time prediction is necessary to ensure the early warning system is going well. Moreover, the GRU model can identify all synthetic tsunami tide spikes (compared with the ground truth result) from magnitude 7.2–8.2 by applying a z-score on the GRU’s prediction.
Factors influencing the emissions of aldehydes from plant species of the Korean peninsula
Authors: Kim So-Young 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study present the factors controlling the aldehyde emission (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, etc.) from plant species such as Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, Ginkgo biloba, and Oryza sativa. Even in the same tree species illustrate the emission rate variation of as much as 30 ~ 40%. The β-value, a parameter quantifying the temperature and emission correlation, were assessed as 0.07, 0.05 for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, respectively. The coefficient of correlation was 0.4 and 0.5. for Quercus variabilis. In addition, the correlation between PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) and the emission is assessed close to the temperature impact on the emission. The emission of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde from P. densiflora, P. koraiensis, and Q. variabilis also depends on temperature and PAR. The ERs of total aldehydes of P. koraiensis are assessed at the level of 357.2 ng gdw−1 h−1, followed by propionaldehyde (110.6 ng gdw−1 h−1), acetaldehyde (102.5 ng gdw−1 h−1), and formaldehyde (73.66 ng gdw−1 h−1).
Applying the standardized infection ratio for reporting surgical site infections in Australian healthcare facilities
Authors: Tanamas Stephanie K. , Lim Lyn-Li , Bull Ann L. , Malloy Michael J. , Cheng Allen C. , Worth Leon J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective:
We explored the utility of the standardized infection ratio (SIR) for surgical site infection (SSI) reporting in an Australian jurisdiction.

Design:
Retrospective chart review.

Setting:
Statewide SSI surveillance data from 2013 to 2019.

Patients:
Individuals who had cardiac bypass surgery (CABG), colorectal surgery (COLO), cesarean section (CSEC), hip prosthesis (HPRO), or knee prosthesis (KPRO) procedures.

Methods:
The SIR was calculated by dividing the number of observed infections by the number of predicted infections as determined using the National Healthcare Safety Network procedure-specific risk models. In line with a minimum precision criterion, an SIR was not calculated if the number of predicted infections was <1.

Results:
A SIR >0 (≥1 observed SSI, predicted number of SSI ≥1, no missing covariates) could be calculated for a median of 89.3% of reporting quarters for CABG, 75.0% for COLO, 69.0% for CSEC, 0% for HPRO, and 7.1% for KPRO. In total, 80.6% of the reporting quarters, when the SIR was not calculated, were due to no observed infections or predicted infections <1, and 19.4% were due to missing covariates alone. Within hospitals, the median percentage of quarters during which zero infections were observed was 8.9% for CABG, 20.0% for COLO, 25.4% for CSEC, 67.3% for HPRO, and 71.4% for KPRO.

Conclusions:
Calculating an SIR for SSIs is challenging for hospitals in our regional network, primarily because of low event numbers and many facilities with predicted infections <1. Our SSI reporting will continue to use risk-indexed rates, in tandem with SIR values when predicted number of SSI ≥1.
Online Echo Chambers, Online Epistemic Bubbles, and Open-Mindedness
Authors: Turner Cody 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article is an exercise in the virtue epistemology of the internet, an area of applied virtue epistemology that investigates how online environments impact the development of intellectual virtues, and how intellectual virtues manifest within online environments. I examine online echo chambers and epistemic bubbles (Nguyen 2020, Episteme17(2), 141–61), exploring the conceptual relationship between these online environments and the virtue of open-mindedness (Battaly 2018b, Episteme15(3), 261–82). The article answers two key individual-level, virtue epistemic questions: (Q1) How does immersion in online echo chambers and epistemic bubbles affect the cultivation and preservation of open-mindedness, and (Q2) Is it always intellectually virtuous to exhibit open-mindedness in the context of online echo chambers and epistemic bubbles? In response to Q1, I contend that both online echo chambers and online epistemic bubbles threaten to undermine the cultivation and preservation of open-mindedness, albeit via different mechanisms and to different degrees. In response to Q2, I affirm that both a deficiency and excess of open-mindedness can be virtuous in these online environments, depending on the epistemic orientation of the digital user.
The conceptual nature of the Turkish emotion term ‘Heyecan’
Authors: Baş Melike 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study aims at investigating the Turkish emotion concept heyecan (i.e., thrill, excitement, and nervousness), which can be used with different semantic contents depending on the context. The conceptual metaphor theory frames this analysis to reveal the metaphorical and metonymical conceptualizations of heyecan. For this purpose, the lemma heyecan is searched in the Turkish National Corpus, and 700 concordance lines gathered from the corpus are examined through the metaphor identification procedure to identify the source domains and interpret the conceptual coding. The findings reveal a folk model of heyecan in which several metaphors and metonymies characterize different dimensions of it: arousal–existence–disappearance, intensity–passivity, control, cause–effect, and individual–social. Qualitative and quantitative findings embody various linguistic metaphors that can be grouped under several source domain categories including substance in a container, location, and object as the most frequent ones, whereas physiological effect is the most frequent metonymy. The metaphors and metonymies are discussed with their examples in this study. The concordance lines show several emotion terms that heyecan is collocated with, among which the emotion families of ‘fear’ and ‘happiness’ outnumber the rest. This study demonstrates how corpus data are helpful in pinpointing the conceptual content of an emotion term in a coherent way.
Negotiating regime complexity: Following a regime complex in the making
Authors: Langlet Arne , Vadrot Alice 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article broadens the understanding and empirical study of regime complexes by shifting the focus from the negotiation outcome to the processes of negotiating new international agreements. Although they are important to regime-complex formation and delimitation, the sites where states negotiate new agreements are rather neglected. We aim to enhance the methodological toolbox available to scholars studying global governance in two ways: (1) by demonstrating how dynamic relationships between states and international organisations (IOs) unfolding within the social space of international treaty negotiations contribute to regime-complex formation; and (2) how social network analysis (SNA) can help us to detect patterns in these relationships. Combining participant observation and collaborative event ethnography (CEE) with social network analysis, we present new empirical material illustrating how we delimited a regime complex and how IOs interact throughout the negotiation process. We applied our methodology to the case of marine-biodiversity governance and use observational data collected during three intergovernmental conferences (IGCs) (2018–19) on a new treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) for our analysis. We discuss the results in relation to our approach’s strengths and weaknesses and implications for future research on regime complexity.
Left ventricle hypertrophy and re-modeling in children with essential hypertension: does the race matter?
Authors: Takajo Daiji , Przybycien Thomas S. , Balakrishnan Preetha L. , Natarajan Girija , Singh Gautam K. , Aggarwal Sanjeev 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground:This is the first study to report on the impact of race on differences in the prevalence of echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy and left ventricular adaptation at the time of diagnosis of essential hypertension in children.Methods:This cross-sectional, single-centre study included patients aged 3–18 years who had newly diagnosed essential hypertension. Echocardiography was used to assess left ventricular mass index and left ventricular relative wall thickness. An left ventricular mass index > the 95th percentile for age and gender, and an left ventricular relative wall thickness > 0.42, were used to diagnose left ventricular hypertrophy and concentric adaptation. Various echocardiographic parameters were compared between African Americans and Caucasians.Results:The study included 422 patients (289 African Americans and 133 Caucasians) diagnosed with essential hypertension at a median age of 14.6 (interquartile range; 12.1–16.3) years. Eighty-eight patients (20.9%) had left ventricular hypertrophy. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy between African Americans and Caucasians (22.5% versus 17.3%, p=0.22). The median left ventricular relative wall thickness was 0.35 (0.29–0.43), and 114 patients (27.0%) had an left ventricular relative wall thickness > 0.42. The presence of an left ventricular relative wall thickness > 0.42 was significantly higher among African Americans compared to Caucasians (30.1% versus 20.3%, p = 0.04). The African American race was a strong predictor for an left ventricular relative wall thickness > 0.42 (odds ratio 1.7, p = 0.04), but not for left ventricular mass index > the 95th percentile (p = 0.22). Overweight/obesity was a strong predictor for an left ventricular mass index > the 95th percentile.Conclusions:There was no difference in the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy in children with essential hypertension of different races. Obesity, rather than being African American, is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy.
Income tax reductions in production networks
Authors: Fu Chunyang , Wang Bin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe analytically characterize the comparative statics of the macroeconomy after income tax reductions in which production is organized in networks around the inefficient economy. We contribute to the literature by showing that in production networks, income taxes have different effects from revenue taxes which are assumed to be real distortions in the literature. The sectoral income tax reductions’ first-order effect on the GDP is given by a sufficient statistics: the product of the sectoral labor demand elasticity and sectoral Domar weight minus the sectoral labor share in the total labor supply, the latter of which is adjusted for labor supply elasticity if labor is elastic. We apply this model to quantify the effects of income tax reductions during the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA.
Monetary policy and economic fluctuations
Authors: Dery Cosmas , Serletis Apostolos 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe assess the responses of output and inflation to monetary policy shocks in the context of a Bayesian, monetary structural vector autoregressive model. We allow money supply and leverage measures to enter into the interest rate policy rule and use an identification approach that is by construction devoid of any price puzzles. We provide a comprehensive comparison between monetary policy shocks under a policy regime that follows a standard Taylor rule and those that augment the standard reaction function of the central bank with measures of leverage and the money supply. We find that contractionary monetary policy is more pronounced and persistent when the reaction function of the central bank is augmented with measures of money and leverage than when the reaction function follows a typical Taylor rule. Our results support the use and inclusion of monetary aggregates in monetary policy and business cycle analysis.
“A Much More Valuable Signature”: Gender, Factory Labor, and the Mythology of Builder-Signed Amplifiers from Fender's “Tweed” Era, 1948–60
Authors: Broess Erik 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAmplifiers from Fender's so-called Tweed era (1948–60) are among the most valuable instruments in all popular music. Inside most Fender Tweed amplifiers is a piece of masking tape bearing the signature of the worker who hand-wired the amplifier's circuit. Today, collectors have elevated several of Fender's previously unknown Latina employees into legendary figures with near cultlike followings. In the absence of biographical information about these women, however, the contemporary discourse about them is often highly romanticized. In this article, I present novel historical information about Fender's Tweed-era employees to counter the misinformation surrounding them and Fender's mid-century Fullerton, California factory system more broadly. Analyzing contemporary discourses surrounding Fender's earliest employees, I also critique the persistence of gendered and racialized stereotypes about Fender's female employees being naturally equipped for labor-intensive assembly work due to their supposedly “nimble fingers.” This article also details the social processes through which Fender's Tweed amplifiers have been made “vintage,” and the company's mid-century mass-production techniques have since been attributed the same artisanal values associated with vintage string instrument making. Ultimately, I show how the builder-signatures contained within Fender's Tweed-era amplifiers have been central to the discursive production of value among collectors.
Synergistic antitumor efficacy of aspirin plus lenvatinib in hepatocellular carcinoma via regulating of diverse signaling pathways
Authors: Yan Xijing , Yu Haoyuan , Liang Jinliang , Hu Zhongying , Li Xuejiao , Liu Huanyi , Yao Jia , Sui Xin , Zheng Jun , Li Rong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIt has been established that monotherapy yields limited efficacy in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), especially advanced HCC. Increasing evidence from preclinical studies and clinical trials indicates that combining multiple drugs can potentially refine treatment efficacy. Accordingly, it is crucial to explore more effective clinically feasible combination therapies to enhance the treatment outcomes of HCC patients. This study evaluated the antitumor efficacy and safety of combination therapy involving aspirin and lenvatinib in HCC. Through in vitro and in vivo assays, we demonstrated that this combination yielded stronger antitumor effects compared to lenvatinib or aspirin monotherapy. Furthermore, no significant adverse events were observed in an HCC mouse model during treatment. Mechanistic studies revealed that aspirin plus lenvatinib could target multiple oncogenes and tumor suppressors, affecting diverse signaling pathways in various biological processes conducive to antitumor effects. Overall, our findings suggest that aspirin plus lenvatinib could serve as a promising combination regimen to improve the therapeutic outcomes of HCC.
Anisotropic positive linear and sub-linear magnetoresistivity in the cubic type-II Dirac metal Pd3In7
Authors: Flessa Savvidou Aikaterini , Ptok Andrzej , Sharma G. , Casas Brian , Clark Judith K. , Li Victoria M. , Shatruk Michael , Tewari Sumanta , Balicas Luis 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe report a transport study on Pd3In7 which displays multiple Dirac type-II nodes in its electronic dispersion. Pd3In7 is characterized by low residual resistivities and high mobilities, which are consistent with Dirac-like quasiparticles. For an applied magnetic field (μ0H) having a non-zero component along the electrical current, we find a large, positive, and linear in μ0H longitudinal magnetoresistivity (LMR). The sign of the LMR and its linear dependence deviate from the behavior reported for the chiral-anomaly-driven LMR in Weyl semimetals. Interestingly, such anomalous LMR is consistent with predictions for the role of the anomaly in type-II Weyl semimetals. In contrast, the transverse or conventional magnetoresistivity (CMR for electric fields E⊥μ0H) is large and positive, increasing by 103−104 % as a function of μ0H while following an anomalous, angle-dependent power law $${\rho }_{{{{\rm{xx}}}}}\propto {({\mu }_{0}H)}^{n}$$

ρ

xx

∝

(

μ

0

H

)

n

with n(θ) ≤ 1. The order of magnitude of the CMR, and its anomalous power-law, is explained in terms of uncompensated electron and hole-like Fermi surfaces characterized by anisotropic carrier scattering likely due to the lack of Lorentz invariance.
Generation of locus coeruleus norepinephrine neurons from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Tao Yunlong , Li Xueyan , Dong Qiping , Kong Linghai , Petersen Andrew J. , Yan Yuanwei , Xu Ke , Zima Seth , Li Yanru , Schmidt Danielle K. , Ayala Melvin , Mathivanan Sakthikumar , Sousa Andre M. M. , Chang Qiang , Zhang Su-Chun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCentral norepinephrine (NE) neurons, located mainly in the locus coeruleus (LC), are implicated in diverse psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases and are an emerging target for drug discovery. To facilitate their study, we developed a method to generate 40–60% human LC-NE neurons from human pluripotent stem cells. The approach depends on our identification of ACTIVIN A in regulating LC-NE transcription factors in dorsal rhombomere 1 (r1) progenitors. In vitro generated human LC-NE neurons display extensive axonal arborization; release and uptake NE; and exhibit pacemaker activity, calcium oscillation and chemoreceptor activity in response to CO2. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) analysis at multiple timepoints confirmed NE cell identity and revealed the differentiation trajectory from hindbrain progenitors to NE neurons via an ASCL1-expressing precursor stage. LC-NE neurons engineered with an NE sensor reliably reported extracellular levels of NE. The availability of functional human LC-NE neurons enables investigation of their roles in psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases and provides a tool for therapeutics development.
Primate-specific ZNF808 is essential for pancreatic development in humans
Authors: De Franco Elisa , Owens Nick D. L. , Montaser Hossam , Wakeling Matthew N. , Saarimäki-Vire Jonna , Triantou Athina , Ibrahim Hazem , Balboa Diego , Caswell Richard C. , Jennings Rachel E. , Kvist Jouni A. , Johnson Matthew B. , Muralidharan Sachin , Ellard Sian , Wright Caroline F. , Maddirevula Sateesh , Alkuraya Fowzan S. ,   Pancreatic Agenesis Gene Discovery Consortium, Laimon Wafaa , Hassan Samar S. , Abdullah Mohamed A. , Fritzberg Anders , Wakeling Emma , Nathwani Nisha , Elbarbary Nancy , Osman Amani , Alkandari Hessa , alTararwa Abeer , Habeb Abdelhadi , Al-Agha Abdulmoein Eid , Ahmad Ihab Abdulhamed , Aldulaimi Majida Noori Nasaif , Ustyol Ala , Binomar Hiba Mohammed Amin , Shagrani Mohammad , Hanley Neil A. , Flanagan Sarah E. , Otonkoski Timo , Hattersley Andrew T. , Imbeault Michael 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIdentifying genes linked to extreme phenotypes in humans has the potential to highlight biological processes not shared with all other mammals. Here, we report the identification of homozygous loss-of-function variants in the primate-specific gene ZNF808 as a cause of pancreatic agenesis. ZNF808 is a member of the KRAB zinc finger protein family, a large and rapidly evolving group of epigenetic silencers which target transposable elements. We show that loss of ZNF808 in vitro results in aberrant activation of regulatory potential contained in the primate-specific transposable elements it represses during early pancreas development. This leads to inappropriate specification of cell fate with induction of genes associated with liver identity. Our results highlight the essential role of ZNF808 in pancreatic development in humans and the contribution of primate-specific regions of the human genome to congenital developmental disease.