bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and in vitro Evaluation of (S)‐2‐([11C]Methoxy)‐4‐ [3‐methyl‐1‐(2‐piperidine‐1‐yl‐phenyl)‐butyl‐carbamoyl]‐benzoic Acid ([11C]Methoxy‐repaglinide): A Potential β‐Cell Imaging Agent.
Authors: Waengler Bjoern , Beck Carmen , Shiue Chyng Yann , Schneider Stephan , Schwanstecher Christina , Schwanstecher Mathias , Feilen Peter Johannes , Alavi Abass , Roesch Frank , Schirrmacher Ralf 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Graft Copolymers with Chemically Complementary Components as a Special Class of High‐Molecular‐Weight Compounds
Authors: Zheltonozhskaya T. B. , Zagdanskaya N. E. , Demchenko O. V. , Momot L. N. , Permyakova N. M. , Syromyatnikov V. G. , Kunitskaya L. R. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Molecular‐Level Design of Efficient Microporous Materials Containing Metal Carboxylates: Inclusion Complex Formation with Organic Polymer, Gas‐Occlusion Properties, and Catalytic Activities for Hydrogenation of Olefins
Authors: Mori Wasuke , Takamizawa Satoshi , Kato Chika Nozaki , Ohmura Tetsushi , Sato Tomohiko 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Palladium(0)‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Electron‐Deficient Enynes and Enediynes.
Authors: Yamamoto Yoshihiko , Kuwabara Shoji , Ando Yoji , Nagata Hitomi , Nishiyama Hisao , Itoh Kenji 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An Efficient Photoinduced Iodoperfluoroalkylation of Carbon—Carbon Unsaturated Compounds with Perfluoroalkyl Iodides.
Authors: Tsuchii Kaname , Imura Motohiro , Kamada Nagisa , Hirao Toshikazu , Ogawa Akiya 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of N,N′‐Bis(2‐thiazolinyl)‐, N,N′‐Bis(2‐thiazolyl)‐, and N,N′‐Bis(2‐pyrimidinyl)‐benzene Dicarboxamides.
Authors: Gondi Sudershan R. , Son David Y. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
2,6‐Dicarboxypyridinium Chlorochromate. An Efficient and Selective Reagent for the Mild Deprotection of Acetals, Thioacetals, and 1,1‐Diacetates to Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Rahman , Tajbakhsh Mahmood , Shakoori Alireza , Niaki Mohammad Yazdani 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Samarium Diiodide Induced Asymmetric Synthesis of Optically Pure Unsymmetrical Vicinal Diamines by Reductive Cross‐Coupling of Nitrones with N‐tert‐Butanesulfinyl Imines.
Authors: Zhong Yu‐Wu , Xu Ming‐Hua , Lin Guo‐Qiang 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
ortho‐ and para‐Substituted Hoveyda—Grubbs Carbenes. An Improved Synthesis of Highly Efficient Metathesis Initiators.
Authors: Bujok Robert , Bieniek Michal , Masnyk Marek , Michrowska Anna , Sarosiek Agata , Stepowska Halszka , Arlt Dieter , Grela Karol 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Preparation of β‐Keto Esters and β‐Diketones by C‐Acylation/Deacetylation of Acetoacetic Esters and Acetonyl Ketones with 1‐Acylbenzotriazoles.
Authors: Katritzky Alan R. , Wang Zuoquan , Wang Mingyi , Wilkerson Chavon R. , Hall C. Dennis , Akhmedov Novruz G. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Convenient Synthesis of N‐Boc‐Protected α‐Aminonitriles from α‐Amidosulfones.
Authors: Banphavichit Vorawit , Chaleawlertumpon Saowaluk , Bhanthumnavin Worawan , Vilaivan Tirayut 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Lithiation of 2‐Aryl‐2‐(chloroaryl)‐1,3‐dioxolanes and Its Application in the Synthesis of New ortho‐Functionalized Benzophenone Derivatives.
Authors: Lukacs Gyula , Porcs‐Makkay Marta , Simig Gyula 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A New Halopropargylation of Alkynes Promoted by Boron Trihalides. Highly Stereo‐ and Regioselective Syntheses of Substituted (Z)‐1‐Halo‐1,4‐enyne Derivatives.
Authors: Kabalka George W. , Wu Zhongzhi , Ju Yuhong 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Catalytic Asymmetric Allylation of Ketones and a Tandem Asymmetric Allylation/Diastereoselective Epoxidation of Cyclic Enones.
Authors: Kim Jeung Gon , Waltz Karen M. , Garcia Iliana F. , Kwiatkowski David , Walsh Patrick J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The First Regioselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Indolization of 2‐Bromo‐ or 2‐Chloroanilines with Internal Alkynes: A New Approach to 2,3‐Disubstituted Indoles.
Authors: Shen Ming , Li Guisheng , Lu Bruce Z. , Hossain Azad , Roschangar Frank , Farina Vittorio , Senanayake Chris H. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Arylboronic Acids and Arylpinacolboronate Esters in Suzuki Coupling Reactions Involving Indoles. Partner Role Swapping and Heterocycle Protection.
Authors: Prieto Monica , Zurita Esther , Rosa Esmeralda , Munoz Lourdes , Lloyd‐Williams Paul , Giralt Ernest 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 1‐(4‐Thiazolyl)azulenes: Reactions of Bromoacetyl‐Substituted Azulenes with Thioamides, Thioureas, and Thiosemicarbazones.
Authors: Takao Hiromi , Wang Dao‐Lin , Kikuchi Shigeru , Imafuku Kimiaki 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Chromeno[4,3,2‐cd]isoindolin‐2‐ones and Chromeno[4,3,2‐de]isoquinolin‐3‐ones. Electrophilic versus Anionic Cyclization of Carbamates.
Authors: de la Fuente M. Carmen , Dominguez Domingo 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Tetronamides as Latent Acyclic Vinylogous Amides in Formal Aza‐[3 + 3] Cycloaddition Reactions with α,β‐Unsaturated Iminium Salts. An Unexpected Rearrangement and an Approach to Synthesis of Substituted Piperidines.
Authors: Sydorenko Nadiya , Hsung Richard P. , Darwish Ossama Saleh , Hahn Juliet M. , Liu Jia 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Novel Parallel Synthesis of N‐(4‐Oxo‐2‐Substituted‐4H‐quinazolin‐3‐yl)‐Substituted Sulfonamides.
Authors: Zhou Yuefen , Murphy Douglas E. , Sun Zhongxiang , Gregor Vlad E. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
6‐Substituted‐5H‐pyrrolo[2,3‐b]pyrazines via Palladium‐Catalyzed Heteroannulation from N‐(3‐Chloropyrazin‐2‐yl)‐methanesulfonamide and Alkynes.
Authors: Hopkins Corey R. , Collar Nicola 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Practical Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐6‐(hydroxymethyl)‐2‐ketopiperazines via a 6‐exo Amide—Epoxide Cyclization.
Authors: Powell Noel A. , Ciske Fred L. , Clay Emma C. , Cody Wayne L. , Downing Dennis M. , Blazecka Peter G. , Holsworth Daniel D. , Edmunds Jeremy J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Easy Access to N‐Aryl, N‐Heteroarylbenzoxazolinones and 4‐Aza Analogues via Diels—Alder Cycloaddition Reactions.
Authors: Lepifre Franck , Buon Christophe , Roger Pierre‐Yves , Bouyssou Pascal , Coudert Gerard 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Cobalt(I)‐Mediated [2 + 2 + 2] Cyclization of Allenediynes Toward a Diastereoselective Approach to 11‐Aryl Steroid Skeletons.
Authors: Petit Marc , Aubert Corinne , Malacria Max 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Oligonucleotide — Minor Groove Binder 1:2 Conjugates: Side by Side Parallel Minor Groove Binder Motif in Stabilization of DNA Duplex
Authors: Ryabinin Vladimir A. , Boutorine Alexandre S. , Helene Claude , Denisov Alexey Yu. , Pyshnyi Dmitrii V. , Sinyakov Alexandre N. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Thermodynamics of Interaction of Phthalocyanine‐Oligonucleotide Conjugates with Single‐ and Double‐Stranded DNA
Authors: Chernonosov A. A. , Kuznetsov N. A. , Koval V. V. , Pyshnyi D. V. , Derkacheva N. M. , Lukyanets E. A. , Fedorova O. S. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Influence of the Non‐Nucleotide Insert on the Hybridization Properties of Oligonucleotides
Authors: Pyshnaya Inna A. , Pyshnyi Dmitrii V. , Lomzov Alexander A. , Zarytova Valentina F. , Ivanova Eugenia M. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Singlet Oxygen Microscope: From Phase‐Separated Polymers to Single Biological Cells
Authors: Snyder John W. , Zebger Ingo , Gao Zhan , Poulsen Lars , Frederiksen Peter K. , Skovsen Esben , McIlroy Sean P. , Klinger Markus , Andersen Lars Klembt , Ogilby Peter R. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Addition of Nucleophiles to Immonium Galanthamines
Authors: Hametner Christian , Hemetsberger Margit , Treu Matthias , Mereiter Kurt , Jordis Ulrich , Fröhlich Johannes 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFour galanthamine derivatives were converted into immonium bromides by treatment with NBS. The nucleophilic addition of cyanide and methylmagnesium iodide to these galanthaminium halides was studied and the structures and conformations of two products were investigated by NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Synthesis of New Tetrazole‐Substituted Pyroaminoadipic and Pipecolic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Lenda Fatimazohra , Guenoun Farhate , Tazi Bouchra , Ben larbi Najib , Allouchi Hassan , Martinez Jean , Lamaty Frédéric 
Published: January 2005

AbstractRacemic 5‐aryl‐ and 5‐(arylmethyl)tetrazolyl‐substituted pyroaminoadipic and pipecolic acid derivatives were diastereoselectively synthesized from dimethyl meso‐2,5‐dibromoadipate (1) in good yields under mild reaction conditions. The key step of this reaction sequence is the selective N2‐alkylation of 5‐substituted tetrazoles with 1. The reactive 2‐bromo‐5‐tetrazolyladipate derivatives 2a−g were generated and treated with sodium azide, followed by Pd/C‐catalyzed hydrogenation, to provide lactams 4a−g. The chemoselective reduction of the amide carbonyl group of 4a−g with BH3, followed by acid hydrolysis, provided 5‐tetrazolylpipecolic acids in racemic form. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Isolation, Structural Elucidation, and Synthesis of Curcutetraol
Authors: Mülhaupt Tanja , Kaspar Hannelore , Otto Sabine , Reichert Matthias , Bringmann Gerhard , Lindel Thomas 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe new natural products (+)‐curcutetraol and (−)‐curcutriolamide were isolated from the bacterium CNH‐741 and the fungus CNC‐979, isolated from marine sediment. (+)‐Curcutetraol is a polar compound and contains a tertiary benzylic alcohol moiety at the single stereogenic center, which was retained without racemization by avoiding chromatography on silica. The absolute configuration of (+)‐curcutetraol was determined by comparison of its experimental CD spectrum with the spectra predicted by quantum‐chemical CD calculations. Phenolic bisabolane sesquiterpenoids from marine sources were previously known only from gorgonians and sponges. A short total synthesis of racemic curcutetraol has been developed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Palladium‐Catalysed Amination of 1,8‐ and 1,5‐Dichloroanthracenes and 1,8‐ and 1,5‐Dichloroanthraquinones
Authors: Beletskaya Irina P. , Bessmertnykh Alla G. , Averin Alexei D. , Denat Franck , Guilard Roger 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDiamino derivatives of anthracene and anthraquinone have been synthesised by palladium‐catalysed coupling of 1,8‐dichloroanthracene and 1,8‐dichloroanthraquinone with a wide range of aliphatic and aromatic primary and secondary amines. The use of polyamines gave rise to a large number of new nitrogen‐ and oxygen‐containing macrocycles incorporating anthracene or anthraquinone moieties. The method has also been employed for the preparation of bismacrocycles in which two cyclam or azacrown units are linked together by an anthracene bridge through C(sp2)−N bonds. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Unexpected Intramolecular Cyclization of 2‐(Perfluoroalkyl)tetraarylporphyrin Radicals: Approaches for the Intramolecular Cyclization of 2‐(Perfluoroalkyl)tetraarylporphyrin Radicals
Authors: Zeng Zhuo , Liu Chao , Jin Li‐Mei , Guo Can‐Cheng , Chen Qing‐Yun 
Published: January 2005

Abstractβ‐(Perfluoroalkyl)tetraarylporphyrin radicals, generated by the reaction of I(CF2)nX (n = 2−5; X = I, Cl) with porphyrins in the presence of Na2S2O4/NaHCO3 in DMSO/CH2Cl2 or DMSO, undergo cyclizations at the ortho position of a neighbouring phenyl ring and/or adjacent pyrrolic unit to give five‐, six‐, seven‐, and eight‐membered fused porphyrins. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Facile Ring‐Expansion Substitution Reactions of 1,3‐Dithiolanes and 1,3‐Dithianes Initiated by Electrophilic Reagents to Produce Monohalo‐, ‐cyano‐, ‐azido‐ and ‐thiocyanato‐1,4‐dithiins and ‐1,4‐dithiepins
Authors: Firouzabadi Habib , Iranpoor Nasser , Garzan Atefeh , Shaterian Hamid Reza , Ebrahimzadeh Farzaneh 
Published: January 2005

AbstractMild and convenient methods for the high yielding ring‐expansion substitution reactions of 1,3‐dithiolanes and 1,3‐dithianes generated from different aryl methyl ketones using different electrophilic reagents are reported. In this study, facile preparations of monohalo‐, ‐cyano‐, ‐azido‐, ‐thiocyanato‐1,4‐dithiins and ‐1,4‐dithiepins are described. A general mechanism is also proposed for the reactions described in this article. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Vesparioside from the Marine Sponge Spheciospongia vesparia, the First Diglycosylceramide with a Pentose Sugar Residue
Authors: Costantino Valeria , Fattorusso Ernesto , Imperatore Concetta , Mangoni Alfonso 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe marine sponge Spheciospongia vesparia produces vesparioside (1a), a diglycosylated glycosphingolipid which is the first example of a natural diglycosylceramide with a pentose sugar residue. The structure of vesparioside was mostly determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis but determination of the nature of the alkyl chains and elucidation of the absolute stereochemistry of the sugars and of the ceramide required chemical degradation. In this respect, an improved and simplified procedure for the microscale chemical degradation of glycosphingolipids was employed here for the first time. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Total Synthesis of Cryptophycin 3
Authors: Danner Paulami , Bauer Matthias , Phukan Prodeep , Maier Martin E. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe depsipeptide cryptophycin 3 (5) and the cryptophycin analogue 43 were prepared from the corresponding four subunits. The tripeptide analogue 34 was acquired from the starting amino ester 33, which contains fragments D and C. After extension at the carboxyl function by esterification with the hydroxy ester 10, the seco compounds 37 and 42 were obtained. Ring closure was achieved by macrolactamization in the presence of TBTU as condensing agent. This work features a streamlined synthesis of the hydroxy ester 10, a short synthesis of the amino acid 14 by enantioselective alkylation of the glycinimine 21, and the use of the Fmoc protecting group for the amino functions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Pseudorotaxanes and Rotaxanes Incorporating Diarylcycloheptatriene Stations
Authors: Abraham Werner , Grubert Lutz , Schmidt‐Schäffer Sebastian , Buck Karin 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe nature of the interaction between the tetracationic cyclophane cyclobis(paraquat‐4,4′‐biphenylene) and molecular threads incorporating arylcycloheptatriene units as stations was studied through the differences between the proton resonances observed in the NMR spectra of free molecular threads and in those of corresponding pseudorotaxanes and rotaxanes (CIS values). Molecular threads of different lengths possessing one or two recognition stations and incorporating two different isomeric arylcycloheptatriene units were used for pseudorotaxanes and rotaxanes. The main contribution to the driving forces behind the complexation of pseudorotaxanes and the co‐conformation of rotaxanes was deduced from the CIS values of distinct parts of the molecular threads. The unusual signal dispersion of the cyclophane proton resonances is attributed to the asymmetry caused by the molecular thread incorporating the asymmetric cycloheptatriene ring. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
An Unprecedented [2+3] Cycloadditive Dimerization of a Transient Thiocarbonyl S‐Ylide
Authors: El‐Sayed Ibrahim , Hazell Rita Grøbæk , Øgaard Madsen Jørgen , Norrby Per‐Ola , Senning Alexander 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe formula of compound 4a in Scheme 1 on page 813 of the original article1 is erroneous; the correct formula is depicted below. The experimental findings and the conclusions remain unaffected.
Impact of transforming viruses on cellular mutagenesis, genome stability, and cellular transformation
Authors: Gatza Michael L. , Chandhasin Chandtip , Ducu Razvan I. , Marriott Susan J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIt is estimated that 15% of all cancers are etiologically linked to viral infection. Specific cancers including adult T‐cell leukemia, hepatocellular carcinoma, and uterine cervical cancer are associated with infection by human T‐cell leukemia virus type I, hepatitis B virus, and high‐risk human papilloma virus, respectively. In these cancers, genomic instability, a hallmark of multistep cancers, has been explicitly linked to the expression of oncoproteins encoded by these viruses. This review discusses mechanisms utilized by these viral oncoproteins, Tax, HBx, and E6/E7, to mediate genomic instability and cellular transformation. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mechanistic data and cancer risk assessment: The need for quantitative molecular endpoints
Authors: Preston R. Julian 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe cancer risk assessment process as currently proposed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency allows for the use of mechanistic data to inform the low‐dose tumor response in humans and in laboratory animals. The aim is to reduce the reliance on defaults that introduce a relatively high level of uncertainty to the risk estimates. The types of data required for this purpose are those that help identify key events in tumor formation following exposure to environmental chemicals. Informative biomarkers of tumor responses could then be developed for describing the shape of a dose‐response curve at low doses (i.e., a qualitative assessment) and for predicting tumor frequency at these low doses (i.e., a quantitative assessment). A number of recently developed molecular approaches could aid in the development of qualitatively and quantitatively informative biomarkers. An overview of these with examples of their use is presented. These methods include quantitative gene expression array techniques, quantitative proteomic assays, and the assessment of DNA alterations at the single gene level and at the genome level of detection. It is most likely that a combination of approaches at different levels of cellular organization (i.e., DNA, RNA, and protein) will be the most productive for biomarker development. The rapid progress that is being made will make this tool kit even more applicable for the cancer risk assessment process. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2005. Published 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Components of nucleotide excision repair and DNA damage tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Kunz Bernard A. , Anderson Heather J. , Osmond Megan J. , Vonarx Edward J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAs obligate phototrophs, and despite shielding strategies, plants sustain DNA damage caused by UV radiation in sunlight. By inhibiting DNA replication and transcription, such damage may contribute to the detrimental effects of UV radiation on the growth, productivity, and genetic stability of higher plants. However, there is evidence that plants can reverse UV‐induced DNA damage by photoreactivation or remove it via nucleotide excision repair. In addition, plants may have mechanisms for tolerating UV photoproducts as a means of avoiding replicative arrest. Recently, phenotypic characterization of plant mutants, functional complementation studies, and cDNA analysis have implicated genes isolated from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana in nucleotide excision repair or tolerance of UV‐induced DNA damage. Here, we briefly review features of these processes in human cells, collate information on Arabidopsis homologs of the relevant genes, and summarize the experimental findings that link certain of these plant genes to nucleotide excision repair or damage tolerance. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Two somatic biallelic lesions within and near SMAD4 in a human breast cancer cell line
Authors: Jakob John , Nagase Satoru , Gazdar Adi , Chien Minchen , Morozova Irina , Russo James J. , Nandula Subhadra V. , Murty Vundavalli V. V. S. , Li Chi‐Ming , Tycko Benjamin , Parsons Ramon 
Published: January 2005

AbstractLoss of chromosome arm 18q is a common event in human pancreatic, colon, and breast cancers and is often interpreted as representing loss of one or more tumor‐suppressor genes. In this article, we describe two novel biallelic deletions at chromosome band 18q21.1 in a recently characterized human breast cancer cell line, HCC‐1428. One lesion deletes a fragment of approximately 300 kb between SMAD4 and DCC that encodes no known genes. The second lesion is an in‐frame SMAD4 deletion (amino acids 49–51) that affects the level of SMAD4 protein but not the SMAD4 message. This change accelerates 26S proteasome–mediated degradation of both endogenous and exogenous mutant SMAD4. Examination of normal DNA from the same patient demonstrated that both lesions are somatic and associated with loss of both normal alleles. These data support the concept that two independent tumor‐suppressor loci exist at chromosome segment 18q21.1, one at SMAD4 and the other potentially at an enhancer of DCC or an unrelated novel gene. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acute myeloid leukemia with deletion 9q within a noncomplex karyotype is associated with CEBPA loss‐of‐function mutations
Authors: Fröhling Stefan , Schlenk Richard F. , Krauter Jürgen , Thiede Christian , Ehninger Gerhard , Haase Detlef , Harder Lana , Kreitmeier Sylvia , Scholl Claudia , Caligiuri Michael A. , Bloomfield Clara D. , Döhner Hartmut , Döhner Konstanze 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTo assess the prevalence of mutations in the CEBPA gene, which encodes the myeloid transcription factor CEBPA in specific cytogenetic subgroups, we initially studied 125 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Five of the eight patients with del(9q) as the sole aberration or in combination with a single additional abnormality other than t(8;21) had CEBPA mutations associated with loss of CEBPA function. Consequently, 41 additional del(9q) cases were analyzed; nine had CEBPA loss‐of‐function mutations. The overall prevalence of CEBPA loss‐of‐function mutations in cases with del(9q) in a noncomplex karyotype was 41% (14 of 34 patients), whereas none of the patients who had a del(9q) in a complex karyotype (n = 7) or together with a t(8;21) (n = 10) demonstrated mutant CEBPA. We have shown for the first time that AML with del(9q) in the context of a noncomplex karyotype is strongly associated with CEBPA loss‐of‐function mutations. Loss of a critical segment of 9q, most likely in 9q22, and disruption of CEBPA function possibly cooperate in the pathogenesis of del(9q) AML. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.