bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of 2‐ethyl‐1‐hexanol and its modulating effect in biofilm of Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Veiga Flavia Franco , Marcomini Emilli Karine , Salvador Alana , Chiavelli Lucas Ulisses Rovigatti , Barros Isabella Letícia Esteves , de Castro Lidiane Vizioli , Lucca Diego Luis , Ochikubo Larissa Miwa Kikuchi , Baesso Mauro Luciano , Pomini Armando Mateus , Svidzinski Terezinha Inez Estivalet , Negri Melyssa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn immunocompetent individuals, Fusarium spp. stands out as the causative agent of onychomycosis, among the non‐dermatophyte molds. Despite evidence indicating that Fusarium oxysporum organizes itself in the form of a biofilm causing onychomycosis, there is little literature on the etiopathogenesis of the biofilm on the nail, specifically the signaling molecules present, known as quorum sensing (QS). Thus, this study detected the presence of a molecule related to QS from the ex vivo biofilm of F. oxysporum on human nail and investigated its effect on preformed biofilm in vitro. The detection and physicochemical characterization of a QS molecule, from the extracellular matrix (ECM), was carried out by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy with an attenuated total reflectance (ATR) accessory and by headspace gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses. Determination of viable cells, cell activity, total biomass, ECM components and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to evaluate the influence of the QS molecule on the in vitro biofilm of F. oxysporum. The beginning, in the ex vivo biofilm of F. oxysporum on human nails, the volatile organic compound 2‐ethyl‐1‐hexanol (2EH) was detected as a component of QS. Thereafter in vitro analyses, synthetic 2EH was able to modulate the biofilm by stimulating its filament, increasing total biomass and ECM production in terms of total carbohydrates, but with a reduction in total proteins and nucleic acids. We thus evidence, for the first time, the presence of 2EH in the biofilm of F. oxysporum, developed on the human nail, and the in vitro action of this compound as a QS molecule.
Evaluating thermal niche overlap of a predator–prey system: Do spiders choose suboptimal temperatures in pursuit of prey?
Authors: Taucare‐Ríos Andrés , Chia‐Daponte Weixing , Gaete‐Collao Cristofer 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEctotherm predators and their prey could potentially respond differently to habitat temperatures. Predators might select higher temperatures to increase their probability of capture while prey could select lower or higher temperatures that may enhance their escape capability. We used a combination of field and laboratory analyses to characterise the thermal niches of predator species and their potential arthropod prey. We studied a predator–prey system in northern Chile using a common desert‐dwelling spider Loxosceles laeta and three potential prey: a tenebrionid beetle Psammetichus costatus (Coleoptera), Pycnoscelus surinamensis (Blattodea) and Porcellio laevis (Isopoda). Results showed that the predator L. laeta selects warmer temperatures (Tp = 27.22 ± 4.87°C) in laboratory and lower temperatures in field conditions (Ts = 20.8 ± 1.59°C), with low temperatures in the morning and high temperatures at night. The three prey species had lower and different preferred temperatures than the predator in laboratory conditions. However, we found a high overlap in the thermal niche between the predator and their prey in field conditions, whereby the predator selected similar temperatures to its prey, one exception being P. laevis that chooses completely different habitat temperatures. This suggests that predators look for their prey in places with low temperatures that are not thermally suitable for them, whereas the prey may use this strategy of selecting low temperatures to evade potential predators.
Weakly supervised semantic segmentation of mobile laser scanning point clouds via category balanced random annotation and deep consistency‐guided self‐distillation mechanism
Authors: Liu Jiacheng , Guan Haiyan , Lei Xiangda , Yu Yongtao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractScene understanding of mobile laser scanning (MLS) point clouds is vital in autonomous driving and virtual reality. Most existing semantic segmentation methods rely on a large number of accurately labelled points, which is time‐consuming and labour‐intensive. To cope with this issue, this paper explores a weakly supervised learning (WSL) framework for MLS data. Specifically, a category balanced random annotation (CBRA) strategy is employed to obtain balanced labels and enhance model performance. Next, based on KPConv‐Net as a backbone network, a WSL semantic segmentation framework is developed for MLS point clouds via a deep consistency‐guided self‐distillation (DCS) mechanism. The DCS mechanism consists of a deep consistency‐guided self‐distillation branch and an entropy regularisation branch. The self‐distillation branch is designed by constructing an auxiliary network to maintain the consistency of predicted distributions between the auxiliary network and the original network, while the entropy regularisation branch is designed to increase the confidence of the network predicted results. The proposed WSL framework was evaluated on the WHU‐MLS, NPM3D and Toronto3D datasets. By using only 0.1% labelled points, the proposed WSL framework achieved a competitive performance in MLS point cloud semantic segmentation with the mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) scores of 60.08%, 72.0% and 67.42% on the three datasets, respectively.
Geographic distribution, host preference and phylogenetic relationships among Pyricularia species inciting millet and rice blast disease in India
Authors: Palanna K. B. , Vinaykumar H. D. , Koti Prasanna S. , Jeevan B. , Rajashekara H. , Raveendra H. R. , Patro T. S. S. K. , Ramesh G. V. , Mudalagiriyappa  , Rawat Laxmi , Netam Prahlad , Ekka Savita , Rajesha G. , Das I. K. , Chandranayaka S. , Nagaraja T. E. , Satyavathi C. Tara 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBlast disease causes significant damage to millets (pearl millet, finger millet and foxtail millet) and rice in India. This study investigates strains of Pyricularia, the causal agent of blast disease, in rice and millets in India in terms of their diversity, host preferences and phylogeny. One hundred and thirty‐six Pyricularia isolates causing rice and millet blast were collected from 46 locations in India. They displayed morphological diversity irrespective of host or location. All Pyricularia isolates were separated into two major clusters by a multilocus sequence‐based phylogenetic tree, which also demonstrated that most isolates are grouped according to their host associations. In contrast, a few finger millet isolates were found to be grouped with foxtail millet isolates. We explored how Pyricularia isolates behaved when exposed to rice and millets. Finger millet isolates were shown to be pathogenic on a wide variety of millets, whereas rice isolates were only found to infect rice and wheat. The majority of the blast isolates of millets were shown to be pathogenic on common weed species of the millet ecosystem, such as Echinochloa crusgalli, Eleusina indica and Erogrotis gagantica. Our findings emphasize the importance of pathogen surveillance in both cultivated crops and weed hosts, as well as the possible risk of blast fungus infection in Indian millets due to host expansion. Blast disease control programmes in India will be greatly enhanced by the knowledge gained in this study on the diversity and host association of Pyricularia strains.
Regulating for trust: Can law establish trust in artificial intelligence?
Authors: Tamò‐Larrieux Aurelia , Guitton Clement , Mayer Simon , Lutz Christoph 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe current political and regulatory discourse frequently references the term “trustworthy artificial intelligence (AI).” In Europe, the attempts to ensure trustworthy AI started already with the High‐Level Expert Group Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI and have now merged into the regulatory discourse on the EU AI Act. Around the globe, policymakers are actively pursuing initiatives—as the US Executive Order on Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy AI, or the Bletchley Declaration on AI showcase—based on the premise that the right regulatory strategy can shape trust in AI. To analyze the validity of this premise, we propose to consider the broader literature on trust in automation. On this basis, we constructed a framework to analyze 16 factors that impact trust in AI and automation more broadly. We analyze the interplay between these factors and disentangle them to determine the impact regulation can have on each. The article thus provides policymakers and legal scholars with a foundation to gauge different regulatory strategies, notably by differentiating between those strategies where regulation is more likely to also influence trust on AI (e.g., regulating the types of tasks that AI may fulfill) and those where its influence on trust is more limited (e.g., measures that increase awareness of complacency and automation biases). Our analysis underscores the critical role of nuanced regulation in shaping the human‐automation relationship and offers a targeted approach to policymakers to debate how to streamline regulatory efforts for future AI governance.
Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of cabotegravir and rilpivirine long-acting intramuscular injections to the
vastus lateralis
(lateral thigh) muscles of healthy adult participants
Authors: Han Kelong , Gevorkyan Hakop , Sadik Shaik Jafar , Crauwels Herta , Leemereise Claudia , Bontempo Gilda , Win Beta , Chounta Vasiliki , Seal Ciara , DeMoor Rebecca , D'Amico Ronald , Spreen William R. , Ford Susan L. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Cabotegravir + rilpivirine administered via intramuscular gluteal injections is the first complete long-acting (LA) regimen approved for maintaining HIV-1 virologic suppression. The
vastus lateralis
(lateral) thigh muscle could be a potential alternative site of administration in circumstances such as injection site fatigue, intolerability, or contraindication for gluteal administration. Cabotegravir and rilpivirine pharmacokinetics and participant tolerability were evaluated following single intramuscular injections to the lateral thigh. Healthy adult participants received 4 weeks of daily oral cabotegravir (30 mg) and rilpivirine (25 mg), followed by a 10- to 14-day washout and single 3 mL intramuscular injections of cabotegravir LA 600 mg and rilpivirine LA 900 mg to the lateral thigh. Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics were evaluated through 52 weeks post injection. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using non-compartmental analysis. Fifteen participants (female at birth,
n
= 6) enrolled. Median age was 33 years. Median weight was 93.6 kg. Median body mass index was 31.4 kg/m
2
. One participant withdrew due to pregnancy after oral dosing before receiving an injection. Plasma concentrations at Weeks 4 and 8 were 15.4- and 5.3-fold above the protein-adjusted 90% inhibitory concentration for cabotegravir and 4.7- and 2.4-fold for rilpivirine, respectively. The most common injection site reactions were pain [28/28 (100%)], induration [15/28 (54%)], and swelling [12/28 (42%)]; 94% were Grade 1 or 2. Cabotegravir and rilpivirine plasma pharmacokinetic profiles observed in this study support further evaluation of thigh administration in target populations of people living with HIV-1. Tolerability of cabotegravir + rilpivirine LA intramuscular lateral thigh injections was similar to gluteal administration.
Diagnostic performance of real-time quantitative PCR in tear samples in various subtypes of herpes simplex keratitis
Authors: Hoarau Gautier , Haigh Oscar , Vauloup-Fellous Christelle , Boucher Rafaël , Rouquette Alexandra , Faure Pascale , Limam Lamia , Labetoulle Marc , Rousseau Antoine 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Diagnosis of herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) is mostly based on clinical findings, yet biological confirmation supports management of challenging cases. This study evaluated the place of real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) on tear samplings in the management of HSK. Clinical records of patients who underwent tear sampling tested by RT-qPCR for herpes simplex virus type 1 for an acute episode of corneal inflammation or defect between January 2013 and December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed, and results were compared to clinical diagnosis (i.e., HSK or not) based on biomicroscopic findings and medical history. Of 465 tested tear samples from 364 patients, a clinical diagnosis of active (ongoing) HSK was recorded in 240 cases, among which 76 were RT-qPCR positive (global sensitivity of 31.6%, specificity of 99.5%). Sensitivity of RT-qPCR was higher in epithelial (97.4%) and stromal keratitis with ulceration (48.7%), compared to other types of HSK (23.5% in keratouveitis, 13.6% in endotheliitis, 11.1% in postherpetic neurotrophic keratopathy, and 8.1% in stromal keratitis without ulceration). The highest viral loads were detected from epithelial and stromal keratitis with ulceration, while in HSK with no epithelial involvement, the viral load detected was 196-fold lower, on average. The proportion of clinically characterized HSK patients with negative tear samples was higher in patients receiving antiviral treatment (
P
< 0.0001). RT-qPCR, performed on tear samples, can help in confirming diagnosis in case of presumed HSK, including clinical forms with no obvious epithelial involvement. The sensitivity of tear sampling is much higher whenever epithelial keratitis is present.
Coronary microvascular dysfunction in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Scarsini Roberto , Portolan Leonardo , Della Mora Francesco , Fabroni Margherita , Andreaggi Stefano , Mainardi Andrea , Springhetti Paolo , Dotto Alberto , Del Sole Paolo Alberto , Fezzi Simone , Pazzi Sara , Tavella Domenico , Mammone Concetta , Lunardi Mattia , Pesarini Gabriele , Benfari Giovanni , Ribichini Flavio Luciano 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) at long term after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and to explore its relationship with extravalvular cardiac damage (EVCD). Moreover, we sought to test the correlation between angiography-derived index of microcirculatory resistance (IMRangio) and invasive IMR in patients with aortic stenosis (AS).MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of the Verona Valvular Heart Disease Registry (Italy) including 250 patients (83 (80–86) years, 53% female) with severe AS who underwent TAVI between 2019 and 2021. IMRangiowas calculated offline using a computational flow model applied to coronary angiography obtained during the TAVI workup. CMD was defined as IMRangio≥30 units.The primary endpoint was the composite of cardiovascular death and rehospitalisation for heart failure (HF). Advanced EVCD was defined as pulmonary circulation impairment, severe tricuspid regurgitation or right ventricular dysfunction.The correlation between IMR and IMRangiowas prospectively assessed in 31 patients undergoing TAVI.ResultsThe primary endpoint occurred in 28 (11.2%) patients at a median follow-up of 22 (IQR 12–30) months. Patients with CMD met the primary endpoint more frequently than those without CMD (22.9% vs 2.8%, p<0.0001). Patients with CMD were more frequently characterised by advanced EVCD (33 (31.4%) vs 27 (18.6%), p=0.024). CMD was an independent predictor of adverse outcomes (adjusted HR 6.672 (2.251 to 19.778), p=0.001) and provided incremental prognostic value compared with conventional clinical and imaging variables. IMRangiodemonstrated fair correlation with IMR.ConclusionsCMD is an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality and HF after TAVI.
Abstract A011: NRBF2 induces radioresistance by increasing autophagy mediated metabolite replenishment in glioblastoma
Authors: Shin Eunguk , Kang Hyunkoo , Lee Haksoo , Youn BuHyun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal brain tumor. Despite the standard of care using radiotherapy and temozolomide, the 5-year recurrence rate of GBM after the treatments is nearly 90% and, notably, about 80% of GBM recurrences occur within radiation treatment fields. Cancer cells possess dynamical metabolic reprogramming to evade cancer therapy and promote their survival. For enhancing metabolic reprogramming and metabolic plasticity, cancer cells need diverse metabolic fuel sources. In this study determined that autophagy, a common representative cell homeostasis mechanism, was upregulated upon ionizing radiation (IR) treatment on GBM cells. Nuclear receptor binding factor 2 (NRBF2), which is a positive regulator of the autophagy initiation step, was found to be upregulated in a GBM cells and GBM orthotopic xenograft mouse model. Furthermore, ATP production and the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) increased upon activation of NRBF2-mediated autophagy. It was also discovered that changes in metabolic state were induced by alterations in metabolite levels caused by autophagy, thereby causing radioresistance. To inhibit NRBF2 mediated GBM radioresistance, we found that druggable inhibition with lidoflazine, thereby suppressing IR-induced migration, invasion, proliferation, autophagic flux and improving the survival of orthotopic GBM-bearing mice. In summary, we propose that the upregulation of NRBF2 levels reprograms the metabolic state of GBM cells by activating autophagy, thus establishing NRBF2 as a potential therapeutic target for regulating radioresistance of GBM during radiotherapy. [This research was supported by National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (2020M2D9A2094156) and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (RS-2023-00207904).]
Citation Format: Eunguk Shin, Hyunkoo Kang, Haksoo Lee, BuHyun Youn. NRBF2 induces radioresistance by increasing autophagy mediated metabolite replenishment in glioblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC Virtual International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2023 Oct 11-15; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2023;22(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A011.
Abstract A012: Role of STX1A in mediating Cathepsin G’s entry into human colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Rozen Valery , Wang Yuxiang , Wang Zhenghe 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Neutrophils with anti-tumor potential have the capability to kill cancer cells in a contact-dependent manner. It has been reported that Cathepsin G (CG), a serine protease mainly expressed in neutrophils, aids in the targeting of cancer cells. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying NETosis released CG remain unexplored. This study aims to focus attention on the prospective mechanisms that could offer soluble CG the potential to kill cancer cells. Our previous CRISPR knockout (KO) screen targeting membrane trafficking found that several KO genes, including STX1A, suppress CG’s induced apoptosis in cancer cells, indicating its role in assisting CG cell entry. Based on the results, special attention was directed towards STX1A and its effect on CG’s role in anti-cancer activity. This project aims to address the molecular mechanisms underlying CG induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Via a better understanding of the mediators that promote CG entry into cells, we intent to call attention to beneficial effects modulated by CG in the tumorigenic environment. STX1A KO HCT116 cells were generated via the use of a lentivrus, and protein levels in these cells as well as in wild type HCT116 were determined. Immunofluorescence (IF) was utilized to visualize the localization of CG in both cell types. Our preliminary results show decreased CG signals in HCT116 STX1A KO cells treated with CG compared to control, calling attention to a likely role mediated by STX1A involving CG’s entry into cancer cells. Confirming our hypothesis can have beneficial implications in innovative therapeutic approaches targeting colorectal carcinoma and possibly other types of cancer.
Citation Format: Valery Rozen, Yuxiang Wang, Zhenghe Wang. Role of STX1A in mediating Cathepsin G’s entry into human colorectal cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC Virtual International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2023 Oct 11-15; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2023;22(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A012.
Abstract A029: Identification of cancer-specific CPP from human telomerase peptide library and its drug delivery potential in anti-cancer strategy
Authors: Lee Yoon Seon , Lee Myung Jin , Shon Won Jun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A reverse-transcriptase-subunit of telomerase (hTERT) derived peptide has been identified as a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) in our previous study. This hTERT derived CPP was delivered into a variety of cells including various cancer cell lines and primary blood cells. Moreover, the CPP was predominantly located in the cytoplasm of the cells, while a significantly higher proportion of TAT peptide was localized in the nucleus. In order to reduce adverse non-specific toxic side effects of current anticancer drug, we developed cancer-specific anticancer drug delivery system using hTERT derived CPP. The cell penetrating activity was Pep 98, a specific hTERT derived CPP, was evaluated in head and neck cancer cells. The permeability of specific telomerase derived Pep 98-FITC into cancer cells was 20-300 fold higher than control peptide groups in head and neck cancer cells. These result suggest that pep98 can be used to reduce the side effects and increase the efficacy of cancer therapy through the use of specific anticancer drug delivery system.We conjugated Pep 98 with STAT 3 inhibitor (NSC74859) which has been presented as a molecular therapeutic target for head and neck cancer and evaluated concentration of NSC74589 for anti-cancer activity in head and neck cancer cell line. The result showed that the concentration of Pep-98 conjugated NSC74589 could be reduced up to 1/10-20 dose level compared with NSC74589 alone in head and neck cancer cells. Pep 98-NSC74859 conjugates were found to be capable of specific killing head and neck cancer cells without affecting normal fibroblast cells.We have confirmed the possibility of developing a new head neck cancer anticancer drug with improved therapeutic efficacy through the conjugation of the STAT3 inhibitor with hTERT derived peptide.
Citation Format: Yoon Seon Lee, Myung Jin Lee, Won Jun Shon. Identification of cancer-specific CPP from human telomerase peptide library and its drug delivery potential in anti-cancer strategy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC Virtual International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2023 Oct 11-15; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2023;22(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A029.