bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recruiting a Person-Centered Direct Care Workforce Through Situational Judgement Tests: A Pilot Study in the Community Support of Older People in England
Authors: Wilberforce Mark , Dunn Abby , Tiffin Paul A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Studies have found that older people value care workers’ character traits and interpersonal judgment even more highly than their technical skills. Yet identifying these traits at recruitment is challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the first situational judgement tests (STJs) for direct care workers.

Research Design and Methods
Online tests were conducted with 251 care workers and members of the public in England. Participants evaluated the appropriateness of 61 potential behavioral responses to 11 “critical incidents,” each depicting challenging care work scenarios. Data collection included a measure of personality traits. A subsample of 72 participants completed a second “test-retest” assessment.

Results
A majority of test-takers (53%) found the test easy/very easy to complete, and most (55%) participants who worked in care reported the scenarios were highly realistic. Psychometric tests were positive. Test scores were unidimensional under a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (RMSEA = 0.038), and items broadly fit Rasch assumptions. Test–retest reliability (rho = 0.77) was acceptable, and for the general public sample, a modest increase in perceptions of the social standing of care work was observed. Test scores were positively correlated with 2 personality traits: agreeableness (r = 0.250, p &lt; 0.001) and openness to experience (r = 0.179, p = .005). Test scores were not related to age, gender, or education level.

Discussion and Implications
The findings indicate support for the use of SJTs in direct care work. Its psychometric properties appear satisfactory, and collectively give confidence in the use of SJTs for assessing the suitability of candidates during recruitment. Further research should corroborate these findings in a new sample, and examine the relationship between test scores and job performance.
From strain to displacement: using deformation to enhance distributed acoustic sensing applications
Authors: Trabattoni Alister , Biagioli Francesco , Strumia Claudio , van den Ende Martijn , Scotto di Uccio Francesco , Festa Gaetano , Rivet Diane , Sladen Anthony , Ampuero Jean Paul , Métaxian Jean-Philippe , Stutzmann Éléonore 
Published: October 2023

SUMMARY
Over a period of less than a decade, distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) has become a well-established technology in seismology. For historical and practical reasons, DAS manufacturers usually provide instruments that natively record strain (rate) as the principal measurement. While at first glance strain recordings seem related to ground motion waveforms (displacement, velocity and acceleration), not all the seismological tools developed over the past century (e.g. magnitude estimation, seismic beamforming, etc.) can be readily applied to strain data. Notably, the directional sensitivity of DAS is more limited than conventional particle motion sensors, and DAS experiences an increased sensitivity to slow waves, often highly scattered by the subsurface structure and challenging to analyse. To address these issues, several strategies have been already proposed to convert strain rate measurements to particle motion. In this study, we focus on strategies based on a quantity we refer to as ‘deformation’. Deformation is defined as the change in length of the cable and is closely related to displacement, yet both quantities differ from one another: deformation is a relative displacement measurement along a curvilinear path. We show that if the geometry of the DAS deployment is made of sufficiently long rectilinear sections, deformation can be used to recover the displacement without the need of additional instruments. We validate this theoretical result using full-waveform simulations and by comparing, on a real data set, the seismic velocity recovered from DAS with that recorded by collocated seismometers. The limitations of this approach are discussed, and two applications are shown: enhancing direct P-wave arrivals and simplifying the magnitude estimation of seismic events. Converted displacement provides better sensitivity to high velocity phases, improves broadside response and permits the direct application of conventional seismological tools that are less effective when applied to strain (rate) data.
Inferring damage state and evolution with increasing stress using direct and coda wave velocity measurements in faulted and intact granite samples
Authors: Pandey Kiran , Taira Taka’aki , Dresen Georg , Goebel Thomas H 
Published: October 2023

SUMMARYA better understanding of damage accumulation before dynamic failure events in geological material is essential to improve seismic hazard assessment. Previous research has demonstrated the sensitivity of seismic velocities to variations in crack geometry, with established evidence indicating that initial crack closure induces rapid changes in velocity. Our study extends these findings by investigating velocity changes by applying coda wave interferometry (CWI). We use an array of 16 piezoceramic transducers to send and record ultrasonic pulses and to determine changes in seismic velocity on intact and faulted Westerly granite samples. Velocity changes are determined from CWI and direct phase arrivals. This study consists of three sets of experiments designed to characterize variations in seismic velocity under various initial and boundary conditions. The first set of experiments tracks velocity changes during hydrostatic compression from 2 and 191 MPa in intact Westerly granite samples. The second set of experiments focuses on saw-cut samples with different roughness and examines the effects of confining pressure increase from 2 to 120 MPa. The dynamic formation of a fracture and the preceding damage accumulation is the focus of the third type of experiment, during which we fractured an initially intact rock sample by increasing the differential stress up to 780 MPa while keeping the sample confined at 75 MPa. The tests show that: (i) The velocity change for rough saw cut samples suggests that the changes in bulk material properties have a more pronounced influence than fault surface apertures or roughness. (ii) Seismic velocities demonstrate higher sensitivity to damage accumulation under increasing differential stress than macroscopic measurements. Axial stress measured by an external load cell deviates from linearity around two-third through the experiment at a stress level of 290 MPa higher than during the initial drop in seismic velocities. (iii) Direct waves exhibit strong anisotropy with increasing differential stress and accumulating damage before rock fracture. Coda waves, on the other hand, effectively average over elastic wave propagation for both fast and slow directions, and the resulting velocity estimates show little evidence for anisotropy. The results demonstrate the sensitivity of seismic velocity to damage evolution at various boundary conditions and progressive microcrack generation with long lead times before dynamic fracture.
Excess mortality in US Veterans during the COVID-19 pandemic: an individual-level cohort study
Authors: Weinberger Daniel M , Bhaskaran Krishnan , Korves Caroline , Lucas Brian P , Columbo Jesse A , Vashi Anita , Davies Louise , Justice Amy C , Rentsch Christopher T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Most analyses of excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic have employed aggregate data. Individual-level data from the largest integrated healthcare system in the US may enhance understanding of excess mortality.

Methods
We performed an observational cohort study following patients receiving care from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) between 1 March 2018 and 28 February 2022. We estimated excess mortality on an absolute scale (i.e. excess mortality rates, number of excess deaths) and a relative scale by measuring the hazard ratio (HR) for mortality comparing pandemic and pre-pandemic periods, overall and within demographic and clinical subgroups. Comorbidity burden and frailty were measured using the Charlson Comorbidity Index and Veterans Aging Cohort Study Index, respectively.

Results
Of 5 905 747 patients, the median age was 65.8 years and 91% were men. Overall, the excess mortality rate was 10.0 deaths/1000 person-years (PY), with a total of 103 164 excess deaths and pandemic HR of 1.25 (95% CI 1.25–1.26). Excess mortality rates were highest among the most frail patients (52.0/1000 PY) and those with the highest comorbidity burden (16.3/1000 PY). However, the largest relative mortality increases were observed among the least frail (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.30–1.32) and those with the lowest comorbidity burden (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.43–1.46).

Conclusions
Individual-level data offered crucial clinical and operational insights into US excess mortality patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic. Notable differences emerged among clinical risk groups, emphasizing the need for reporting excess mortality in both absolute and relative terms to inform resource allocation in future outbreaks.
Development and investigation of a pollutants emission reduction process from a coal-gasification power plant integrated with fuel cell and solar energy
Authors: Yanto Doni Tri Putra , Akhmadeev Ravil , Hamad Hassan Salman , Alawadi Ahmed Hussien Radie , Abdullayev Abror Bozarboyevich , Romero-Parra Rosario Mireya , Fooladi Hadi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Even though coal resources are the most abundant among fossil fuels, coal-fired plants release large amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. In this regard, reducing environmental challenges and crises caused by coal burning can be a promising option to reduce today's crises in the energy field. The integration of coal-fired plants with renewable-driven energy systems can simultaneously improve thermodynamic performance and reduce pollutants emission rates. This article presents the thermodynamic and pollutant emission investigations of a new coal-fired plant coupled with a linear Fresnel solar collector (LFSC)-driven solar unit, a parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC)-driven solar unit, a high-temperature fuel cell stack (molten carbonate fuel cell stack [MCFCS]) and a heat recovery system (based on the steam turbine and gas turbine-based power cycles). The plant is able to produce electricity and hot water (HW). The main structure of the offered plant is based on coal, whereas, is coupled with renewables-based cycles to mitigate environmental impacts. The plant could generate ~ 207 MW of power and 3728 m3/h of HW. In such conditions, the energy efficiency of 73.1% and exergy efficiency of 44.18% could be achievable. Further, the emitted gas rates of the plant were nearly 403 tons/h. A comprehensive comparison is also presented for the plant's behavior under different types of coal (petcoke and anthracite). In addition, a two-function optimization is developed to determine the maximum value of exergy efficiency and the minimum value of total pollutants emission rate.
Enhancing Community Participation in Dengue Control Through Digital Crowdsourcing: An Analysis of a World Mosquito Program Digital Open Call in Sri Lanka
Authors: Sri-Pathmanathan Clarisse , Bao Huanyu , Diluka P A Eshani , Mee Alan , Andari Bekti , Saunders Eleanor , Wijegunawardana Asha , Weerasinghe Indika , Hetti Nimalka Pannila , Samaraweera Sudath , Tang Weiming , Tucker Joseph D 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Two crowdsourcing open calls were created to enhance community engagement in dengue control in Sri Lanka. We analyzed the process and outcomes of these digital crowdsourcing open calls.

Methods
We used standard World Health Organization methods to organize the open calls, which used exclusively digital methods because of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We collected and analyzed sociodemographic information and digital engagement metrics from each submission. Submissions in the form of textual data describing community-led strategies for mosquito release were coded using grounded theory.

Results
The open calls received 73 submissions. Most people who submitted ideas spoke English, lived in Sri Lanka, and were 18 to 34 years old. The total Facebook reach was initially limited (16 161 impressions), prompting expansion to a global campaign, which reached 346 810 impressions over 14 days. Diverse strategies for the distribution of Wolbachia-infected mosquito boxes were identified, including leveraging traditional festivals, schools, and community networks. Fifteen submissions (21%) suggested the use of digital tools for monitoring and evaluation, sharing instructions, or creating networks. Thirteen submissions (18%) focused on social and economic incentives to prompt community engagement and catalyze community-led distribution.

Conclusions
Our project demonstrates that digital crowdsourcing open calls are an effective way to solicit creative and innovative ideas in a resource-limited setting.
The occurrence and genomic characteristics of the blaIMI-1 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter cloacae complex retrieved from natural water sources in central Thailand
Authors: Songsaeng Wipawee , Prapasarakul Nuvee , Wongsurawat Thidathip , Sirichokchatchawan Wandee 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aim
Carbapenem resistance among Enterobacteriaceae is a serious threat to humans worldwide. This study aims to evaluate the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) retrieved from water sources in the central part of Thailand.

Methods and results
Samples were collected from water bodies surrounding farms and communities in central Thailand. The species were identified by using MALDI-TOF MS. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and antibiotic susceptibility were determined. The carbapenemase-producing genes were detected by PCR and whole genome sequencing (WGS). ECC with chromosome-encoded blaIMI-1 carbapenemase were detected. These isolates were resistant to last-resort antibiotics such as carbapenems and colistin as well as penicillin. In addition, all blaIMI-1 genes isolated from this study were found to be associated with chromosomally integrated Xer-dependent integrative mobile elements (IMEXs).

Conclusion
These findings highlight the diversity and dissemination of carbapenemases-producing Enterobacterales in environmental sources. With the increasing detection of carbapenemase genes worldwide, we should be aware of the blaIMI-producing E. cloacae complex with a high resistance profile and the ability to mobilize within the environment.
Deficiency of macrophage-derived Dnase1L3 causes lupus-like phenotypes in mice
Authors: Engavale Minal , Hernandez Colton J , Infante Angelica , LeRoith Tanya , Radovan Elliott , Evans Lauryn , Villarreal Johanna , Reilly Christopher M , Sutton R Bryan , Keyel Peter A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease caused by environmental factors and loss of key proteins, including the endonuclease Dnase1L3. Dnase1L3 absence causes pediatric-onset lupus in humans, while reduced activity occurs in adult-onset SLE. The amount of Dnase1L3 that prevents lupus remains unknown. To genetically reduce Dnase1L3 levels, we developed a mouse model lacking Dnase1L3 in macrophages (conditional knockout [cKO]). Serum Dnase1L3 levels were reduced 67%, though Dnase1 activity remained constant. Homogeneous and peripheral antinuclear antibodies were detected in the sera by immunofluorescence, consistent with anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies. Total immunoglobulin M, total immunoglobulin G, and anti-dsDNA antibody levels increased in cKO mice with age. The cKO mice developed anti-Dnase1L3 antibodies. In contrast to global Dnase1L3−/− mice, anti-dsDNA antibodies were not elevated early in life. The cKO mice had minimal kidney pathology. Therefore, we conclude that an intermediate reduction in serum Dnase1L3 causes mild lupus phenotypes, and macrophage-derived DnaselL3 helps limit lupus.
Intentions at the End of Life: Continuous Deep Sedation and France’s Claeys-Leonetti law
Authors: Farrelly-Jackson Steven 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In 2016, France passed a major law that is unique in giving terminally ill and suffering patients the right to the controversial procedure of continuous deep sedation until death (CDS). In so doing, the law identifies CDS as a sui generis clinical practice, distinct from other forms of palliative sedation therapy, as well as from euthanasia. As such, it reconfigures the ethical debate over CDS in interesting ways. This paper addresses one aspect of this reconfiguration and its implications for the intentions at work in this complex time at the end of life. The concept of intention is often considered central to the ethics of end-of-life care, but its role is recognized to be problematic, with charges of elusiveness and ambiguity. I aim to show that consideration of the French law affords a new understanding of the intentionality of CDS, and that in addition to the obvious importance of this for clarifying the ethics of the practice, it may suggest new ways of addressing the wider problem of ambiguous clinical intentions at end of life.
Trends in new and persistent opioid use in older adults with and without cancer
Authors: Baum Laura Van Metre , KC Madhav , Soulos Pamela R , Jeffery Molly M , Ruddy Kathryn J , Lerro Catherine C , Lee Hana , Graham David J , Rivera Donna R , Leapman Michael S , Jairam Vikram , Dinan Michaela A , Gross Cary P , Park Henry S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
The impact of ongoing efforts to decrease opioid use on patients with cancer remains undefined. Our objective was to determine trends in new and additional opioid use in patients with and without cancer.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study used data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program–Medicare for opioid-naive patients with solid tumor malignancies diagnosed from 2012 through 2017 and a random sample of patients without cancer. We identified 238 470 eligible patients with cancer and further focused on 4 clinical strata: patients without cancer, patients with metastatic cancer, patients with nonmetastatic cancer treated with surgery alone (“surgery alone”), and patients with nonmetastatic cancer treated with surgery plus chemotherapy or radiation therapy (“surgery+”). We identified new, early additional, and long-term additional opioid use and calculated the change in predicted probability of these outcomes from 2012 to 2017.

Results
New opioid use was higher in patients with cancer (46.4%) than in those without (6.9%) (P &lt; .001). From 2012 to 2017, the predicted probability of new opioid use was more stable in the cancer strata (relative declines: 0.1% surgery alone; 2.4% surgery+; 8.8% metastatic cancer), than in the noncancer stratum (20.0%) (P &lt; .001 for each cancer to noncancer comparison). Early additional use declined among surgery patients (‒14.9% and ‒17.5% for surgery alone and surgery+, respectively) but was stable among patients with metastatic disease (‒2.8%, P = .50).

Conclusions
Opioid prescribing declined over time at a slower rate in patients with cancer than in patients without cancer. Our study suggests important but tempered effects of the changing opioid climate on patients with cancer.
DSLA 2023: Facing the dangers of data illiteracy
Authors: Gascon Gregg M , Wallman Katherine K , Ravula Sridhar , Cappelleri Joseph , Lee Julia , Lum Kristian , Nagaraja Chaitra H , Paul Sudeshna , Roy Dooti , Wu Edward 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Data Science and Literacy Act (DSLA) of 2023 aims to boost data literacy and data science education across the USA. Gregg M. Gascon, Katherine K. Wallman, Sridhar Ravula, Joseph Cappelleri, Julia Lee, Kristian Lum, Chaitra H. Nagaraja, Sudeshna Paul, Dooti Roy and Edward Wu explain why this opportunity demands our attention
Measuring crime in place: Distinguishing between area victimisation and area offences
Authors: Brunton-Smith Ian , Cernat Alexandru , Buil-Gil David , Pina-Sànchez Jose 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Crime data is essential to the running of a safe society. But are we measuring crime in the best way? Ian Brunton-Smith, Alexandru Cernat, David Buil-Gil and Jose Pina-Sánchez explore how the current system could be improved
Metaphor repositories: the case of the mental health metaphor dictionary
Authors: Coll-Florit Marta , Climent Salvador 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In recent years, there has been an emergence of online metaphor repositories. The purpose of this article is 2-fold. First, we present a review and comparison of the existing online databases of conceptual metaphors, showing that although there are a good number of domain-independent conceptual metaphor repositories based on English texts, repositories that are field-specific and/or in other languages are still scarce. Accordingly, the second goal of this article is to present the first metaphor repository specific to the mental health field, named The Mental Health Metaphor Dictionary. This repository is based on a Spanish corpus of first-person accounts published on social media (blogs and Twitter) by people suffering from severe mental disorders. We present the structure and the building process of the repository, and more significantly, we demonstrate its usefulness for a wide range of groups: professionals working in the field of mental health, public health communicators, family members or friends of people diagnosed with a mental disorder, the affected people themselves, and researchers of conceptual metaphors and discourse analysis in mental health.
Magnetic resonance imaging screening for osteonecrosis of the femoral head after coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Takashima Kazuma , Iwasa Makoto , Ando Wataru , Uemura Keisuke , Hamada Hidetoshi , Mae Hirokazu , Maeda Yuki , Sugano Nobuhiko 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Systemic steroid administration has been suggested for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the occurrence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) was one of the concerns for this treatment. This study aimed to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the incidence of ONFH after the treatment for COVID-19.

Methods
The study included 41 patients who were hospitalized and treated for pneumonia or other COVID-19-induced diseases. We conducted interviews with these patients regarding hip pain and performed MRI screenings for ONFH. The incidence and timing of ONFH after COVID-19 treatment were investigated.

Results
Of the 41 patients, one died of pneumonia and the remaining patients did not complain of hip pain. MRI screening was performed for 26 patients, and asymptomatic ONFH was detected in one patient (3.8%) whose ONFH appeared 1 month after the COVID-19 infection.

Conclusions
Our MRI screening of ONFH in post-COVID-19 patients revealed asymptomatic ONFH, which would not have been identified without active screening. Physicians should be aware that ONFH may occur in patients after treating COVID-19.