bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinetic evidence for multiple aggregation pathways in antibody light chain variable domains
Authors: Wong Sherry , West Madeline E. , Morgan Gareth J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAggregation of antibody light chain proteins is associated with the progressive disease light chain amyloidosis. Patient‐derived amyloid fibrils are formed from light chain variable domain residues in non‐native conformations, highlighting a requirement that light chains unfold from their native structures in order to aggregate. However, mechanistic studies of amyloid formation have primarily focused on the self‐assembly of natively unstructured peptides, and the role of native state unfolding is less well understood. Using a well‐studied light chain variable domain protein known as WIL, which readily aggregates in vitro under conditions where the native state predominates, we asked how the protein concentration and addition of pre‐formed fibril “seeds” alter the kinetics of aggregation. Monitoring aggregation with thioflavin T fluorescence revealed a distinctly non‐linear dependence on concentration, with a maximum aggregation rate observed at 8 μM protein. This behavior is consistent with formation of alternate aggregate structures in the early phases of amyloid formation. Addition of N‐ or C‐terminal peptide tags, which did not greatly affect the folding or stability of the protein, altered the concentration dependence of aggregation. Aggregation rates increased in the presence of pre‐formed seeds, but this effect did not eliminate the delay before aggregation and became saturated when the proportion of seeds added was greater than 1 in 1600. The complexity of aggregation observed in vitro highlights how multiple species may contribute to amyloid pathology in patients.
A hydrogen isoscape for tracing the migration of herbivorous lepidopterans across the Afro‐Palearctic range
Authors: Ghouri Sana , Reich Megan S. , Lopez‐Mañas Roger , Talavera Gerard , Bowen Gabriel J. , Vila Roger , Talla Valery N. K. , Collins Steve C. , Martins Dino J. , Bataille Clement P. 
Published: December 2023

RationaleMany insect species undertake multigenerational migrations in the Afro‐tropical and Palearctic ranges, and understanding their migratory connectivity remains challenging due to their small size, short life span and large population sizes. Hydrogen isotopes (δ2H) can be used to reconstruct the movement of dispersing or migrating insects, but applying δ2H for provenance requires a robust isotope baseline map (i.e. isoscape) for the Afro‐Palearctic.MethodsWe analyzed the δ2H in the wings (δ2Hwing) of 142 resident butterflies from 56 sites across the Afro‐Palearctic. The δ2Hwing values were compared to the predicted local growing‐season precipitation δ2H values (δ2HGSP) using a linear regression model to develop an insect wing δ2H isoscape. We used multivariate linear mixed models and high‐resolution and time‐specific remote sensing climate and environmental data to explore the controls of the residual δ2Hwing variability.ResultsA strong linear relationship was found between δ2Hwing and δ2HGSP values (r2 = 0.53). The resulting isoscape showed strong patterns across the Palearctic but limited variation and high uncertainty for the Afro‐tropics. Positive residuals of this relationship were correlated with dry conditions for the month preceding sampling whereas negative residuals were correlated with more wet days for the month preceding sampling. High intra‐site δ2Hwing variance was associated with lower relative humidity for the month preceding sampling and higher elevation.ConclusionThe δ2Hwing isoscape is applicable for tracing herbivorous lepidopteran insects that migrate across the Afro‐Palearctic range but has limited geolocation potential in the Afro‐tropics. The spatial analysis of uncertainty using high‐resolution climatic data demonstrated that many African regions with highly variable evaporation rates and relative humidity have δ2Hwing values that are less related to δ2HGSP values. Increasing geolocation precision will require new modeling approaches using more time‐specific environmental data and/or independent geolocation tools.
Data‐driven bipartite leader‐following consensus control for nonlinear multi‐agent systems under hybrid attacks
Authors: Duan Shitao , Chen Guangdeng , Ren Hongru , Li Hongyi , Lu Renquan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a data‐driven bipartite leader‐following consensus strategy for a class of nonlinear multi‐agent systems (MASs) under external disturbances and hybrid attacks, which are composed of denial‐of‐service attacks and false data injection attacks. This data‐driven algorithm incorporates no system dynamics and only utilizes the input and output data generated by the controlled plant. First, the nonlinear MAS with external disturbances can be transformed into an equivalent linear data model by applying a revised dynamic linearization method. Second, a hybrid‐attack compensation mechanism is proposed to alleviate the adverse impact of data dropout caused by hybrid attacks. Then, based on the compensation mechanism, an extended state observer is designed that can mitigate the negative influence induced by external disturbances and improve the control performance even though the MAS is threatened by hybrid attacks. The systems under hybrid attacks and external disturbances can still remain stable with the proposed data‐driven strategy. Finally, simulation examples demonstrate the validity of the data‐driven strategy, and the bipartite consensus error can be reduced to a small range.
An Ultrathin Composite Polymer Electrolyte Dual‐Reinforced by a Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM‐1) and Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) Porous Membrane
Authors: Liang Qian , Liu Xuezhi , Tang Junyan , Yan Xiao , He Lei , Chen En , Wu Sihan , Liu Junjie , Tang Mi , Chen Zhiquan , Wang Zhengbang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe performances of solid‐state polymer electrolytes are urgently required to be further improved for high energy density lithium metal batteries. Herein, a highly reinforced ultrathin composite polymer electrolyte (PLPP) is successfully fabricated in a large scale by densely filling the well‐dispersed mixture of polyethylene oxide (PEO), Li‐salt (LiTFSI) and a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM‐1) into porous poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) matrix. Based on the macro‐plus‐micro synergistic enhancement of the PTFE with excellent mechanical properties and the soluble PIM‐1 with suitable functional groups, the PLPP electrolyte exhibits excellent properties including mechanical stress, thermal stability, lithium‐ion transference number, voltage window and ionic conductivity, which are all superior to the typical PEO/LiTFSI electrolytes. As a result, the Li/PLPP/Li symmetric cell can stably cycle for > 2000 h, and the LiFePO4/PLPP/Li full cell exhibits excellent rate performance (>10 C) and high cycling stability with an initial capacity of 158.8 mAh g−1 and a capacity retention of 78.8% after 300 cycles. In addition, the excellent mechanical properties as well as the wide voltage window reasonably result in the stable operation of full cells with either high‐loading cathode up to 28.1 mg cm−2 or high voltage cathode with high energy density.
Rational Design of the Alkali Metal Sn‐Based Mixed Halides with Large Birefringence and Wide Transparent Range
Authors: Wang Junbo , Zhu Mengmeng , Chu Yaoqing , Tian Jindan , Liu Lili , Zhang Bingbing , Halasyamani P. Shiv 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBirefringent materials are widely used in various advanced optical systems, owing to their vital role in creating and controlling polarized light. Currently, Sn2+‐based compounds containing stereochemically active lone‐pair (SCALP) cations are extensively investigated and considered as one class of promising birefringent materials. To solve the problem of relatively narrow bandgap of Sn2+‐based compounds, alkali metals and multiple halogens are introduced to widen the bandgap during the research. Based on this strategy, four new Sn2+‐based halides, A2Sn2F5Cl and ASnFCl2 (A = Rb and Cs), with large birefringence, short ultraviolet (UV) cutoff edge, and wide transparent range are successfully found. The birefringences of A2Sn2F5Cl (A = Rb and Cs) are 0.31 and 0.28 at 532 nm, respectively, which are among the largest in Sn‐based halide family. Remarkably, A2Sn2F5Cl possess relatively shorter UV cutoff edge (<300 nm) and broad infrared (IR) transparent range (up to 16.6 µm), so they can become promising candidates as birefringent materials applied in both UV and IR regions. In addition, a comprehensive analysis on crystal structures and structure–property relationship of metal Sn2+‐based halides is performed to fully understand this family. Therefore, this work provides insights into designing birefringent materials with balanced optical properties.
2D BA2PbI4 Regulating PbI2 Crystallization to Induce Perovskite Growth for Efficient Solar Cells
Authors: Shao Cong , He Jiandong , Niu Guosheng , Dong Yuan , Yang Kaiyi , Cao Xiaofei , Wang Jizheng , Yang Haixia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUsing seeds to control the crystallization of perovskite film is an effective strategy for achieving high‐efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Owing to their excellent environmental stability brought by their long alkyl chain, n‐butylammonium (BA) cations are widely used for fabricating efficient and stable PSCs. However, BA‐based 2D perovskite is seldom been investigated as a seed. Here, BA2PbI4 is employed to regulate the crystallization of PbI2, acting as nucleation centers. As a result, porous PbI2 film with high crystallinity is obtained, which allows the realization of perovskite film with preferential crystal orientations of (001) and large grain size of over 2 µm. The corresponding PSC achieves a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.30% and exhibits satisfactory stability, retaining 91.70% of the initial PCE after 300 h of thermal aging at 85°C.
Strongly‐Interacted NiSe2/NiFe2O4 Architectures Built Through Selective Atomic Migration as Catalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Shao Zhiyu , Zhu Qian , Wang Xiyang , Wang Jian , Wu Xiaofeng , Yao Xiangdong , Wu Yimin A. , Huang Keke , Feng Shouhua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe interactions between the catalyst and support are widely used in many important catalytic reactions but the construction of strong interaction with definite microenvironments to understand the structure‐activity relationship is still challenging. Here, strongly‐interacted composites are prepared via selective exsolution of active NiSe2 from the host matrix of NiFe2O4 (S‐NiSe2/NiFe2O4) taking advantage of the differences of migration energy, in which the NiSe2 possessed both high dispersion and small size. The characteristics of spatially resolved scanning transmission X‐ray microscopy (STXM) coupled with analytical Mössbauer spectra for the surface and bulk electronic structures unveiled that this strongly interacted composite triggered more charge transfers from the NiSe2 to the host of NiFe2O4 while stabilizing the inherent atomic coordination of NiFe2O4. The obtained S‐NiSe2/NiFe2O4 exhibits overpotentials of 290 mV at 10 mA cm−2 for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). This strategy is general and can be extended to other supported catalysts, providing a powerful tool for modulating the catalytic performance of strongly‐interacted composites.
Characterization of 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Through Anisotropic Exciton Behaviors
Authors: Chen Shu‐Hsien , Chang Sih‐Wei , Chen Hsuen‐Li 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study reports the first attempt to characterize the quality, defects, and strain of as‐grown monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC)‐based 2D materials through exciton anisotropy. A standard ellipsometric parameter (Ψ) to observe anisotropic exciton behavior in monolayer 2D materials is used. According to the strong exciton effect from phonon–electron coupling processes, the change in the exciton in the Van Hove singularity is sensitive to lattice distortions such as defects and strain. In comparison with Raman spectroscopy, the variations in exciton anisotropy in Ψ are more sensitive for detecting slight changes in the quality and strain of monolayer TMDC films. Moreover, the optical power requirement for TMDC characterization through exciton anisotropy in Ψ is ≈10−5 mW cm−2, which is significantly less than that of Raman spectroscopy (≈106 mW cm−2). The standard deviation of the signals varies with strain (defects) in Raman spectra and exciton anisotropies in Ψ are 0.700 (0.795) and 0.033 (0.073), indicating that exciton anisotropy is more sensitive to slight changes in the quality of monolayer TMDC films.
Molecular prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in cheese samples: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yanmaz Berna , Ozgen Ediz Kagan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundCheese is a popular dairy product consumed worldwide, and it has been implicated as a source of Coxiella burnetii infections.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to describe the molecular prevalence and source analysis of C. burnetii in cheese samples.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted using the Medline/PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases to identify studies reporting the molecular prevalence of C. burnetii in cheese samples. The pooled prevalence of C. burnetii in cheese samples was estimated using a random‐effects model.ResultsA meta‐analysis was conducted using the mean and standard deviation values obtained from 13 original studies. The overall molecular prevalence of C. burnetii in cheese was estimated to be 25.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.1%–39.7%). The I2 value of 96.3% (CI95% 94.9–97.3) suggested high heterogeneity, with a τ2 of 0.642 (CI95% −0.141 to 0.881), and an χ2 statistic of 323.77 (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsIn conclusion, our meta‐analysis provides a thorough assessment of the molecular prevalence and source analysis of C. burnetii in cheese samples.
Comparative study of MHD boundary layer flow of hybrid nanofluid in a channel
Authors: Amin Ammara , Munir Shahzad , Farooq Umer 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe interest of this study is to comprehensively explore the boundary layer flow of hybrid nanofluid within two infinite horizontal plates under the impact of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), viscous and magnetic dissipation. The fluid is colloidal mixture of water and a very dilute suspension of Copper Oxide and Silver The flow is generated as a result of uniformly stretching of lower plate in direction. Nonlinear governing equations are modified into ordinary differential equations by nondimensional transformation. MATLAB based bvp4c and Mathematica based NDSolve are employed to compute the solutions of the reduced equations. A numerical and graphical comparison is done between bvp4c and NDSolve to verify the findings. The influence of significant parameters like magnetic field, Reynolds number, Prandtl number, Eckert number and heat absorption/generation are computed graphically. Additionally, numerical information about the heat mass flux is also tabulated to achieve complete picture of heat related data and evaluate its impact on flow dynamics. The outcomes of the present analysis can be used in various engineering processes where nanoparticles enhance thermal conductivity and conservation of energy.
Formality of differential graded algebras and complex Lagrangian submanifolds
Authors: Mladenov Borislav 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLet "Equation missing" be a compact Kähler Lagrangian in a holomorphic symplectic variety $$\textrm{X}/\textbf{C}$$

X
/
C

. We use deformation quantisation to show that the endomorphism differential graded algebra $$\textrm{RHom}\big (i_*\textrm{K}_\textrm{L}^{1/2},i_*\textrm{K}_\textrm{L}^{1/2}\big )$$

RHom

(

i

∗

K
L

1
/
2

,

i

∗

K
L

1
/
2

)

is formal. We prove a generalisation to pairs of Lagrangians, along with auxiliary results on the behaviour of formality in families of $${\text {A}}_{\infty }$$

A
∞

-modules.
Postexpositionsprophylaxe nach Biss einer Breitflügelfledermaus mit Nachweis des Europäischen Fledermaus-Lyssavirus 1 (EBLV-1)
Authors: Fasse Jannik , Trawinski Henning , Hardt Michael , Lübbert Christoph 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDeutschland gilt infolge intensiver Impf- und Überwachungsbemühen seit 2008 als frei von terrestrischer Tollwut. Reservoire der Lyssaviren EBLV‑1 und EBLV‑2 persistieren jedoch weiter in Fledermauskolonien und stellen somit ein potenzielles Infektionsrisiko dar. Wir berichten von einer Patientin, die einen Fledermausbiss im städtischen Umfeld erlitt. Bei der euthanasierten Fledermaus konnte das Europäische Fledermaus-Lyssavirus 1 (EBLV-1) nachgewiesen werden. Wir führten eine aktive und passive Postexpositionsprophylaxe (PEP) durch. Dieses Fallbeispiel illustriert die anhaltende Tollwutinfektionsgefahr durch enge Fledermauskontakte in Deutschland und soll erstbehandelnde Ärzte dafür sensibilisieren, entsprechende Expositionsereignisse ernst zu nehmen und eine regelrechte PEP einschließlich Applikation von Tollwutimmunglobulin durchzuführen.
Effects of preheating on laser beam–welded NSSC 2120 lean duplex steel
Authors: Landowski Michał , Simon Soma Csaba , Breznay Csaba , Fydrych Dariusz , Varbai Balázs 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDuplex stainless steels show sustainable alternative for the conventional austenitic grades, with higher strength, higher resistance against stress corrosion cracking, and lower purchase cost. Thus, duplex stainless steel gains more attention in construction, oil and gas, and chemical industries. Among duplex stainless steels, low nickel and low molybdenum alloyed lean duplex stainless steel are a cost-effective substitution of austenitic grades. However, keeping the balanced ferrite/austenite phase ratio in the weld metal can be challenging, mostly for autogenous and low heat input welding processes. In our research, a newly developed NSSC 2120 lean duplex stainless steel grade was welded autogenously by fiber laser welding process. Different welding parameters and preheating temperatures were used during the experiments. The welds were evaluated by microscopic and metallographic techniques, and also by electrochemical corrosion measurements. The welding parameters and the preheating temperature greatly influenced the weld shape and the austenite content in the weld metal. It was found that the focus point distance from the sheet surface had significant effect on the weld geometry. Changing the focus point distance to + 2 mm, the penetration depth increased from 4.96 to 5.53 mm, and increased the austenite content by 2.6%. Due to the preheating the welds became wider and shallower, e.g., from 4.96 to 4.08 mm penetration depth, while the cross-section are increased from 5.10 to 6.12 mm2 at the same sample. The preheating resulted in more intergranular austenite formation, which meant maximum 4% increase in the weld metal. The increasing austenite content resulted in increasing pitting corrosion resistance in 3.5% NaCl electrolyte, the highest increase was 90 mV.
Effect of hard and soft re-coater blade on porosity and processability of thin walls and overhangs in laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing
Authors: Reijonen Joni , Revuelta Alejandro , Metsä-Kortelainen Sini , Salminen Antti 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSpreading powder into thin layers is a fundamental step in the laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) additive manufacturing process. This step is called re-coating and it is typically performed using either a hard, soft or brush-type re-coater blade or a rotating roller, depending on the machine brand and model. With such variety in powder spreading approaches, the question arises whether the used re-coater type has a significant effect on the quality of parts produced? In this study, an industrial contact image sensor integrated to the re-coater of a PBF-LB system was used for powder bed quality monitoring. Powder bed images at 21 µm/pixel resolution, 184 mm scanning width and 95 mm/s re-coating speed were acquired. With this, the effect of using either soft (rubber) or hard (steel) re-coater blade on the processability of challenging features such as thin walls and steep overhangs was studied. In addition, porosity and dimensional accuracy of parts produced using either the soft or hard blade was analyzed with X-ray computed tomography. It is shown that when building bulk material without any complex features, both the hard and soft re-coating blade results in extremely low porosity ≤ 0.001% without any issues in the processability. However, when thin walls and overhangs are produced, differences in processability, porosity and dimensional accuracy are observed as a function of re-coater blade and part orientation. This is an important factor in understanding all the significant sources contributing to the variability on quality of parts produced using different PBF-LB machines.
Efficacy and safety of use of ultrasound enhancing agent in patients hospitalized with COVID-19
Authors: Bioh Gabriel , Botrous Christina , Senior Roxy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The efficacy and safety of ultrasound enhancing agent (UEA) was unknown in the COVID-19 hospitalized patients. We set out to establish the utility of UEA and its safety profile.

Methods
A retrospective observational study of prospectively assessed hospitalized patients referred for transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for suspected cardiac pathology due to COVID-19. The indications and subsequent ability to answer the indications for all TTE were reviewed, as well as impact on diagnosis and management. UEA safety was considered through 48 h mortality.

Results
From a total of 364 patients (mean age 64.8yrs, 64% males) hospitalized with COVID-19 with TTE requested, an indication could be identified in 363, and 61 required administration of UEA. Standard TTE was able to answer the original indication in 275 (75.8%) patients. This was increased to 322 (88.7%) patients, a relative increase of 17.1%, with the use of UEA (p < 0.001). There was subsequent change in diagnosis in 22 out of 61 (36%) patients receiving UEA and change in management in 13 out of 61 (21.3%). There was no significant increase in 48 h (p = 0.14) mortality with UEA use. The patient population of TTE with UEA versus TTE without UEA differed in having a higher incidence of left ventricular systolic dysfunction, right ventricular dilatation, and self-defined white ethnicity.

Conclusion
The use of UEA in COVID-19 hospitalized patients, including those who were critically ill, provided incremental information when compared to TTE without UEA resulting in both changes in diagnosis and management plan and appears to be safe.
The Dutch disease revisited: consistency of theory and evidence
Authors: Reisinezhad Arsham 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Dutch disease literature reveals several gaps between empirical evidence and theoretical predictions. To bridge such gaps, I develop a model that accounts for uneven spillovers of technological progress from the resource sector to other domestic sectors. I then employ a dynamic panel approach to align the theory with the data. I find that the real exchange rate appreciation resulting from a resource boom (i.e., the spending channel) is more pronounced in resource-poor countries than in resource-rich countries. Additionally, the resource movement channel exhibits differences between resource-rich and resource-poor countries. In resource-rich countries, a resource boom reduces the growth rate in the manufacturing sector more than in the service sector, leading to a decrease in relative sectoral output and a slowdown in economic growth. On the other hand, in resource-poor countries, a resource boom accelerates the growth of the manufacturing sector and decelerates the growth of the service sector, resulting in an increase in relative sectoral output and economic growth.