bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catalytic upgrading bio-oils from fast pyrolysis of jatropha residue using PY-GC/MS and drop tube pyrolyzer
Authors:   , Kaewpengkrow Prangtip 
Published: November 2023

Effects of activity of catalysts on the yield and quality of bio-oil from rapid pyrolysis of Jatropha waste were investigated. Pyrolytic conversion of Jatropha wastes was performed at 400-700°C. The reactions were conducted and compared in two reactors, an analytical pyroprobe GC-MS (µg-scale) and a drop tube pyrolyzer (g-scale). In the catalytic trial using Py-GC/MS, alumina (Al2O3) and activated carbon (Ac) catalysts powder with 5 wt% metal loading (Ni or Pd) exhibited high catalytic activities when compared to those of three other ceramic supporters, ZrO2, TiO2 (rutile), and TiO2 (anatase). Therefore, Al2O3 and Ac catalysts are suitable for further investigation with a scaled up drop tube reactor. The maximum bio-oil of 39.38 wt% was obtained at 600°C and particle size of 0.125-0.425 mm with the presence of Ac. Reaction at 600°C with Ni/Ac catalyst yielded bio-oil with the highest HHV of 29.20 MJ/kg with a pH of 6.78. Analysis of bio-oil by GC/MS reveals the main products as phenols, aromatics, and hydrocarbons which increased from 39 to 50-65% (peak area) with Ni/Ac and Pd/Ac catalysts. Since low oxygenated compounds, high aromatics and hydrocarbon compounds of bio-oil are desirable for the pyrolysis of Jatropha wastes, the results indicate that the bio-oil at the optimize condition can be readily applied as biofuel. Moreover, a CFD based model was developed to estimate the volatiles in terms of tar, light gas and char fraction released during in conversion. Comparison with experimental data yielded % deviation for gas species, liquid and solid in the range of 6.67-28.9%, 0.26-11.26%, and 16.67-24.59%, respectively.
Human hairs, nails, and urine as biomarker of human exposure related with heavy metals contaminated in drinking water in agricultural area
Authors:   , Wongsasuluk Pokkate 
Published: November 2023

Urine, hairs and nails were used as biomarkers to compare between the groundwater drinking group and the non-groundwater drinking group in intensively agricultural areas in Ubon Ratchathani province, Thailand. The shallow groundwater is acidic with average pH values of 5.28+1.15 and 5.16+4.19 in dry and wet seasons, respectively. The results showed an average drinking rate of approximately 4.21±2.73 L/day, which is twice as high as the standard. Due to the high drinking rate and groundwater contaminated with heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, Hg), during the dry season, the results showed that 24.14 % of the groundwater drinking participants found As carcinogenic risk and 27.59 % found As non-carcinogenic risks as well as 13.79 % of the participants had a Pb non-carcinogenic risk. Similarly, during wet season, the results revealed that 17.24% of groundwater drinking persons found As carcinogenic risk and 18.97% found As non-carcinogenic risk as well as 36.21% of the participants found Pb non-carcinogenic risk. Interestingly, the concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, and Hg in urine, hairs and nails of the groundwater drinking group were significant higher than the other group. The average As concentration in the urine of the groundwater drinking participants was 36.97 µg/L exceeding the urine standard (35 µg/L), while the other group was 19.30 µg/L. The average concentrations of As, Cd, Pb and Hg in hairs of the groundwater drinking group were 0.091, 0.613, 18.26, and 87.27 ug/gH, respectively, while non-groundwater drinking group were 0.077, 0.076, 14.851 and 15.43 ug/gH. For nails, the average concentrations of the groundwater drinking group of As, Cd, Pb and Hg were 0.378, 0.192, 61.640, 2.281 ug/gN, while non-groundwater drinking group were 0.257, 0.150, 23.500, 1.030 ug/gN, respectively. Finally, the associated factor of odd ratio and binary logistic regression of As in urine found potential risk factor was the groundwater drinking (OR=43.50, 95%CI: 5.60-337.91, and ORadj=70.77, 95%CI: 7.86-634.83). For As in nails, potential risk factor also found the groundwater drinking (OR=2.99, 95%CI: 1.31-6.80, and ORadj=3.58, 95%CI: 1.28-10.01). As a result, this study suggested that groundwater should be avoided directly consume and should be treated especially before use as drinking water. For the future study, urine is suggested to be the biomarker related with daily exposure to As, Cd, Pb, and Hg. Furthermore, for long term exposure, nail is suggested for As, Cd, and Pb bio-monitoring, while hair is suggested to be the biomarker for Hg exposure.
A risk scores for predicting prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in the LAO population
Authors:   , Louangdouangsithidet Souphaphone 
Published: November 2023

Objective: To develop a risk scores for predicting the prevalent diabetes and pre-diabetes in Lao population.

Research design and methods: a cross-sectional investigation was conducted with 1098 subjects aged between 30 to 70 years of Lao population in Vientiane. Multiple logistic regressions with backward stepwise selection were utilized in the statistical modeling, and the diabetes and pre-diabetes risk score values were derived from the relevant β-coefficients. Performances of the scores were determined by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity for the optimal cut-off values.

Result: the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes was 7% and 15.5 respectively. Factors included in the predictive model were 17 (> 40 of age) + 14 higher WC) + 11 (hypertension) + 7 (family history of diabetes) for “DM risk score” and 5 (> 40 of age) + 5 (hypertension) + 1 BMI for “Pre-DM risk score”. The cutoff point of “DM” and “Pre-DM” risk scores of 29.5 out of 49 and 5.5 out of 12 produced the optimal sum of sensitivity .75 and .76 , specificity .55 and .54, the AUC was .698 (p < .002) and .682 (p < .0001) in validation group respectively.

Conclusion: the researchers have developed a simple risk scores to be use in the screening in Lao population at high risk of diabetes and pre-diabetes. Their generalizability and validity for other Lao population, however, need further investigation.
Effect of the standardized extract of Centella asiatica (ECa 233) on liver metabolome of rotenone-treated rats
Authors:   , Intararuchikul Thidarat 
Published: November 2023

Liver plays an important role in the body’s metabolic processes, with many functions including nutrient metabolism and detoxification of xenobiotics. Liver diseases cause serious public health problems worldwide. Several studies of hepatoprotective activities from natural plant extracts have been revealed during recent years. The protective effects of Centella asiatica on the liver have been reported. Centella asiatica (Apiaceae) is a medicinal herb that has been commonly used in many countries in Asia. However, the compositions of the main compounds extracted from the herb were varied across geographical regions. Therefore, the standardized extract of Centella asiatica (ECa 233) contained >80% triterpenoids with a ratio of madecassoside to asiaticoside kept at 1.5(±0.5):1 was developed by the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. Previous studies shown therapeutic effects of ECa 233 to various conditions such as memory improvement, anxiolytic and wound healing effect. However, the protective effect of ECa 233 on the liver has not yet been determined. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effect of ECa 233 on liver metabolome of rotenone-induced rats by using GC-MS based metabolomics. Metabolomic analysis was performed to better understand the underlying mechanisms in the liver tissue. Liver enzymes, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in liver were analyzed. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (with six rats/group): control, rotenone and ECa 233 group. Rats in the ECa 233 group received 10 mg/kg of ECa 233 orally for 20 days, followed by 2.5 mg/kg of intraperitoneal rotenone injection to induce toxicity before being sacrificed. Metabolomic analysis showed that supplementation of ECa 233 protected rat liver against rotenone toxicity. Pipecolinic acid appeared to be the most important metabolites; its level was decreased in the rotenone group as compared to the control. Supplementation with ECa 233 before administration of rotenone raised pipecolinic acid to levels intermediate between controls and rotenone alone. Antioxidant tests revealed that ECa 233 inhibited lipid peroxidation and increased catalase activities in liver tissue. The outcomes of this study provide further evidence in support of using Centella asiatica as a value-added component in new dietary supplements or medicines for liver disorders in the future.
Soil amplification assessment of earthquake ground motionusing geophysical and geotechnical data in Amphoe Muang, Changwat Chiang Rai
Authors:   , Jintaprasat Ratchadaporn 
Published: November 2023

One of all the natural disasters that cannot accurately predict is Earthquake. There are a lot of histories that show many earthquakes around the world since the past to the present. Each earthquake made many damages, large or small area, relate with the intensity of earthquake and the properties of area such as type of soil, rock and building etc. Like the biggest earthquake is on May 5, 2014 that located in Amphoe Pan, northern part of Thailand. This Earthquake affects economic, society and a life because it is in big city, Amphoe Pan, where is many houses and buildings. Many researches show about the soil respond and sensitive with strong earthquakes. Moreover the property of Amphoe Muang, changwat Chiang Rai area is covered soft soil layers. So soil amplification is one of the most important factors that controlling the damage in areas when was strong earthquakes. This study, soil amplification is analyze forty-six sites in Amphoe Muang, Changwat Chiang Rai, using geophysical data, shear wave, and geotechnical data, soil profile, to consider with SHAKE2000 software. The special site is No.34 where has borehole data. The result of study area, the maximum value of amplification is 3.58 g and shear wave velocity of this study is 200 – 562 m/s. Finally, there are accurate soil amplification and average shear wave at 30 depths map of the result.
Transforming the infectious septage into biogas by co-digestion process
Authors:   , Hummelink Nanja 
Published: November 2023

As population growth rapidly increases, energy consumption becomes higher while natural resources have been continuously reduced. As a result of the population increasing, also the waste is increased. For example, infectious septage (the sludge accumulated in the septic tank and contained of essential nutrients) that is usually mismanaged. To address these problems, the researcher aimed to determine the ratio (v/v) between septage and wastewater generated from Golden Dried Longan production (LW) that provided the maximum methane yield by using of the Modified Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) test. Three different waste mixtures (septage+LW) with the COD:TKN ratios of 100:1.1, 100:2.5, and 100:5 are tested. The experimental results presented that the ultimate specific methane yield of the COD:TKN ratio of 100:5 rendered the highest value (143 mlCH4/gVSadded). The Temperature-phased Anaerobic Digestion (TPAD) system was then tested for co-digesting waste mixture to produce biogas and organic fertilizer. The TPAD system was consisted of a 30 L-thermophilic (55˚C) and a 10 L-mesophilic (35˚C) reactors. The Organic Loading Rate (OLR) was started from 0.5/1.0 kg VS/m3-d (OLR of thermophilic/mesophilic reactor) and sequentially increased to 1.7/2.0, 1.5/3.0, and 4.5/5.0 kg VS/m3-d, respectively. Biogas volume and specific methane yield at OLR of 1.5/3.0 kg VS/m3-d were 1,659 ml/day and 22.2 mlCH4/gVSadded, while 3,628 ml/day and 13.4 mlCH4/gVSadded were obtained at OLR of 4.5/5.0 kg VS/m3-d. The volatile solids removal at OLR1.4/3.0 was 27.4% while 47.8% was detected at OLR4.5/5.0. The pathogen removal efficiency of TPAD system was over 90% throughout the experimental period.
การระบุสารสีด้วยเทคนิคทางภาพเชิงมัลติสเปกตรัมโดยใช้แอลอีดีความยาวคลื่นแคบ
Authors:   , คำแพง สุรีย์พร 
Published: November 2023

งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อนำเสนอวิธีการระบุสารสีด้วยเทคนิคทางภาพถ่ายที่ใช้รังสียูวีและแสงขาว โดยแบ่งแสงขาวออกเป็นแสงที่มีความยาวคลื่นแคบ 13 ช่องสัญญาณ และช่องสัญญาณแสงขาวโทนอุ่นกับโทนเย็นอีก 2 ช่องสัญญาณ ถ่ายผ่านแผ่นกรองแสงที่ให้แสงขาว รังสียูวี และรังสีอินฟราเรดผ่าน งานวิจัยนี้ได้นำเทคนิคนี้มาประยุกต์กับสารสีของเครเมอร์จำนวน 356 สารสี โดยแบ่งการทดลองออกเป็น 2 ส่วน ส่วนแรกเป็นการสร้างฐานข้อมูลจากภาพถ่ายสารสีภายใต้แอลอีดีจำนวน 15 ช่องสัญญาณผ่านแผ่นกรองแสงที่ให้แสงขาว รังสียูวี และรังสีอินฟราเรดผ่าน สารสีทั้ง 356 สารสี ถูกแบ่งออกเป็น 7 กลุ่มจากการปรากฏสีภายใต้แสงขาว ได้แก่ ม่วง น้ำเงิน เขียว เหลือง ส้ม แดง และกลุ่มสุดท้ายรวมขาว เทา ดำ และน้ำตาลไว้ด้วยกัน จากนั้นจัดทำแผนผังเพื่อระบุสารสีโดยสังเกตการปรากฏสีภายใต้แอลอีดีจำนวน 15 ช่องสัญญาณลดหลั่นกันจากแสงขาวโทนอุ่น แสงขาวโทนเย็น แสงสีที่ความยาวคลื่นสั้นและสิ้นสุดที่ความยาวคลื่นยาว ส่วนที่สองเป็นการประยุกต์วิธีที่ทำขึ้นในส่วนแรกเข้ากับสีทดสอบโดยอ้างอิงผลกับฐานข้อมูลที่สร้างขึ้นและยืนยันผลกับเทคนิคสเปกตรัมค่าการสะท้อนแสงและสเปกตรัมรามานสเปกโทรสโกปี ผลในส่วนแรกพบว่าสารสีที่อยู่ทุกกลุ่มสีสามารถถูกแยกออกเป็นกลุ่มที่เล็กลง และสารสีบางชนิดสามารถระบุได้โดยตรง เช่น สีม่วงสามารถระบุสารสี Fluorescent violet pigment, Han purple, Studio pink pigment, Alizarine Violet และ Hostaperm pink ได้โดยตรงโดยไม่มีสารสีอื่นอยู่ในกลุ่มทั้งนี้พบว่าสารสีชื่อเดียวกันต่างเพียงความเข้มถูกแยกออกจากกันด้วยลำดับของช่องสัญญาณที่ต่างกัน สาเหตุอาจมาจากการสะท้อนแสงของกระดาษฐานไปยังเซนเซอร์ของกล้องไม่เท่ากันเนื่องจากความโปร่งแสงต่างกัน ผลการทดลองในส่วนที่สองพบว่าการนำวิธีข้างต้นมาระบุสารสีทดสอบ 4 สารสี สามารถระบุสีเขียว Chrome oxide สีแดง Cinnabar สีน้ำตาล Red ochre ได้ ซึ่งได้ยืนยันผลความถูกต้องของผลด้วยวิธีสเปกตรัมการสะท้อนแสงและรามานสเปกโทรสโกปี
SISTEM INFORMASI BANTUAN SOSIAL DI KABUPATEN LANDAK BERBASIS WEB
Authors: DEVI Cresensia , Badri Mohamad 
Published: November 2023

Program pemerintah berupa bantuan sosial (bansos) merupakan langkah penting dalam upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Bantuan ini bertujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dasar dan meningkatkan taraf hidup penerima. Di Kabupaten Landak, Pemerintah Daerah berkomitmen untuk memperluas program bantuan sosial guna mengatasi kemiskinan. Namun, terdapat kendala dalam penyaluran bansos, seperti inklusi data penerima yang tidak akurat, penerima yang sudah meninggal tetap terdaftar, dan kesalahan penyaluran ganda. Hal ini mengakibatkan potensi masalah dan pengaduan masyarakat terhadap distribusi bansos.
Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, diperlukan pengembangan sistem distribusi bansos berbasis web dengan memanfaatkan teknologi komputer dan sistem keamanan yang kuat. Data masyarakat miskin diperoleh melalui verifikasi dan validasi data terpadu kesejahteraan sosial di setiap desa menggunakan aplikasi SIKS-NG, yang kemudian disimpan dalam database. Sistem ini dapat mengelola data bantuan sosial dari pemda Kabupaten Landak dan provinsi Kalimantan Barat, serta menerapkan prinsip satu keluarga hanya mendapatkan satu bantuan dalam satu periode.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang sistem informasi yang membantu pemda Kabupaten Landak dalam distribusi bansos agar tepat sasaran. Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan manfaat dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan distribusi bantuan sosial oleh pemda Kabupaten Landak, lebih efisien dan akurat.
La esperanza truncada. Convergencia, fusión y ruptura entre la Liga Comunista Revolucionaria y el Movimiento Comunista
Authors: Díaz Macías Ernesto Manuel 
Published: November 2023

This article traces the encounters and misunderstandings between the Revolutionary Communist League (LCR) and the Communist Movement (MC) throughout the seventies and eighties that led to the merger of the two organisations in 1991. The research examines the difficulties of the revolutionary left during and after the Transition. It exposes the keys that allowed both the LCR and the MC to survive the disenchantment and studies the convergences between the two organisations in trade unionism, feminism and the anti-war movement. This convergence encouraged a process of party unification that was cut short by the profound cultural differences between the two parties, which led to their separation in 1993.
Este artículo hace un recorrido por los encuentros y desencuentros entre la Liga Comunista Revolucionaria (LCR) y el Movimiento Comunista (MC) a lo largo de las décadas de los setenta y ochenta que llevó a ambas organizaciones a fusionarse en 1991. La investigación examina las dificultades de la izquierda revolucionaria durante y después de la Transición. Expone las claves que permitieron tanto a la LCR como al MC sobrevivir al desencanto y estudia las convergencias entre ambas organizaciones en sindicalismo, feminismo y movimiento anti guerra. Dicha convergencia animó un proceso de unificación partidaria que fue truncado por las profundas diferencias culturales entre ambas partes que les llevó a su separación en 1993.
Controversias dialógicas y teatro documental en la enseñanza de conflictos históricos recientes
Authors: Cantabrana Carassou María , Carretero Mario , Barreiro Alicia 
Published: November 2023

Based on the interest of analyzing the effects of dialogic teaching in the approach to conflictive pasts, this paper presents the quantitative results of a pretest-posttest didactic design study on the teaching of the Malvinas War in a group of 66 students from Buenos Aires, Argentina. For this purpose, we developed several dialogic activities based on the viewing of the film Theater of War and the reading of historiographic texts. A questionnaire was used to assess historical knowledge, levels of prejudice towards the English and moral judgments about the war. The results suggest that the dialogic activities were effective in strengthening historical knowledge and reducing prejudice among students. Moral judgments about the war proved more difficult to change. This highlights the relevance of promoting dialogue in the classroom to encourage a reflective understanding of the past.

Partiendo del interés de analizar los efectos de la enseñanza dialógica en el abordaje de pasados conflictivos, se presentan los resultados cuantitativos de un estudio de diseño pre-test post-test de carácter didáctico sobre la enseñanza de la guerra de Malvinas en un grupo de 66 estudiantes de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Para ello, se desarrollaron una serie de actividades dialógicas basadas en el visionado de la película Teatro de Guerra y la lectura de textos historiográficos. Se utilizó un cuestionario para evaluar el conocimiento histórico, los niveles de prejuicio hacia los ingleses y los juicios morales sobre la guerra. Los resultados sugieren que las actividades dialógicas fueron efectivas para fortalecer el conocimiento histórico y reducir el prejuicio entre los estudiantes. Los juicios morales sobre la guerra se mostraron más difíciles de cambiar. Se destaca la importancia de promover el diálogo en el aula para fomentar una comprensión reflexiva del pasado.
Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Potential of Aqueous and Hydroethanolic Extracts of Cola lateritia Fruit Parts
Authors: Ebouel Ferdinand Lanvin Edoun , Mandeng Kevin Fabrice Paul , Kouopestchop Evrard Medjo , Tchuenkam Joelle Ornella Tseno , Woumdi Foura , Ntentie Françoise , Mbong Ann-Mary , Ngondam Mélanie , Medoua Jean Marie Gabriel 
Published: November 2023

Generalities: Cola lateritia (C. lateritia) is an under-valorized (neglected and unutilized) plant traditionally used in certain Cameroonian villages as medicine to manage certain diseases. The present work aimed to assess the phytochemical composition and the antioxidant potential of different parts of C. lateritia fruits.
Methods: The fresh fruits of C. lateritia were purchased in October 2022 at Mfoundi-Market (Yaoundé 5, Centre Region of Cameroon), washed, sliced, dried, and powdered before being extracted with distilled water for the aqueous extract (AE) and ethanol/distilled water (70:30, v/v) for the hydro ethanolic extract (HEE). The bioactive compounds (polyphenols, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, and alkaloids) of the different extracts of fruit were quantified using standard methods. The Antioxidant potential of the different extracts was assessed using various methods [scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP)].
Results: The results indicated that the different extracts of C. lateritia fruit contain phytochemicals [polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and alkaloids]. The AE of the skin (AE-sCLf) presented the highest contents (590.33 µg CaE/g DM, 191.73 µg QE/g DM and 945.33 µg SaE/g DM) for polyphenols, flavonoids and saponins respectively while, the AE of pulp (AE-PCLf) showed the highest content in alkaloids (121.59 µg QiE/g DM). The lowest tannin content was also reported in the AE of pulp (2.02 µg CaE/g DM). The extracts of C. lateritia exhibited a good radical scavenging activity of DPPH (with an inhibition percentage of 74.084 and 69.40% respectively for HEE-SCLf and AE-sCLf at 4 mg/mL). It’s reducing power towards molybdate and iron was concentration-dependent with values ranging from 0.116 to 2.393 μg AAE/g DM for TAC and from 0.0015 to 0.0032 μg AAE/g DM for FRAP, respectively. The highest iron-reducing activity of 941.410 µg AAE/g DM was observed with AE-sCLf at 4 mg/mL. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed a strong positive correlation between Bioactive and antioxidant activities.
Conclusion: The C. lateritia fruit extracts (AE and HEE) contain various bioactive compounds, which exhibit good antioxidant activities through different mechanisms. It suggests C. lateritia as a potential nutritious food as well as functional food useful for the prevention of management of cardiometabolic diseases.
‘Sae lofty and wide’
Authors: Cox Stephen , Marshall Nuala , Bailey Laura , Franklin Julie , Hunter Fraser , Walker Angela 
Published: November 2023

Archaeological investigations undertaken by Headland Archaeology (UK) Ltd as part of the Clyde Wind Farm and Clyde Wind Farm Extension construction project produced a body of evidence that tells the story of human occupation and settlement in the Upper Clyde Valley. The investigations conducted between 2007 and 2015 included evaluations, site excavations, and the monitoring of groundworks across four distinct landscapes: Clyde Valley North (Woodend), Camps Valley, Midlock Valley, and Clyde Valley South (Newton Plantation). The results of this work, together with those from specialist studies and scientific analyses, have allowed for a range of key research questions to be addressed. These include an exploration of prehistoric upland activities, the role of pits and special places, and the development of settlement patterns and structures. Evidence for mobile Mesolithic and Neolithic communities was identified across the landscape with indications of the repeated visitation of specific locations. The role of pits in the creation of special places was particularly evident across Camps and Midlock Valleys. In the 2nd millennium bc, the hillsides were transformed by the creation of platform settlements. Enclosed settlements and hillforts appeared along the banks of the Clyde Valley in the 1st millennium bc marking a distinct shift in the role of landscape in expressing status and identity. In addition to prehistoric remains, limited evidence of early historic metalworking and medieval rural settlement was uncovered. Across all landscapes and periods, the themes of transition and transformation came to the fore, painting an increasingly dynamic picture of life in the Upper Clyde Valley. The scale and complexity of the archaeological works also allowed for a review of current methodologies, including the role of an Archaeological Clerk of Works, with implications for future strategies.