bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near-infrared spectroscopy and electroencephalography neurofeedback for binge-eating disorder: an exploratory randomized trial
Authors: Hilbert Anja , Rösch Sarah Alica , Petroff David , Prettin Christiane , Lührs Michael , Ehlis Ann-Christin , Schmidt Ricarda 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundBinge-eating disorder (BED) co-occurs with neurobehavioral alterations in the processing of disorder-relevant content such as visual food stimuli. Whether neurofeedback (NF) directly targeting them is suited for treatment remains unclear. This study sought to determine feasibility and estimate effects of individualized, functional near-infrared spectroscopy-based real-time NF (rtfNIRS-NF) and high-beta electroencephalography-based NF (EEG-NF), assuming superiority over waitlist (WL).MethodsSingle-center, assessor-blinded feasibility study with randomization to rtfNIRS-NF, EEG-NF, or WL and assessments at baseline (t0), postassessment (t1), and 6-month follow-up (t2). NF comprised 12 60-min food-specific rtfNIRS-NF or EEG-NF sessions over 8 weeks. Primary outcome was the binge-eating frequency at t1 assessed interview-based. Secondary outcomes included feasibility, eating disorder symptoms, mental and physical health, weight management-related behavior, executive functions, and brain activity at t1 and t2.ResultsIn 72 patients (intent-to-treat), the results showed feasibility of NF regarding recruitment, attrition, adherence, compliance, acceptance, and assessment completion. Binge eating improved at t1 by −8.0 episodes, without superiority of NF v. WL (−0.8 episodes, 95% CI −2.4 to 4.0), but with improved estimates in NF at t2 relative to t1. NF was better than WL for food craving, anxiety symptoms, and body mass index, but overall effects were mostly small. Brain activity changes were near zero.ConclusionsThe results show feasibility of food-specific rtfNIRS-NF and EEG-NF in BED, and no posttreatment differences v. WL, but possible continued improvement of binge eating. Confirmatory and mechanistic evidence is warranted in a double-blind randomized design with long-term follow-up, considering dose–response relationships and modes of delivery.
Must We Always Pursue Economic Growth?
Authors: Carroll Jeffrey 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMust we always pursue economic growth? Kogelmann answers yes. Not only should poor countries pursue growth, but rich countries should as well. Kogelmann aims to provide awealth-insensitive argument– one demonstrating all countries should pursue growth regardless of their wealth. His central argument – the no halting growth (NHG) argument – says no country experiencing growth should stop it, because doing so requires undermining the conditions causing it and those conditions are independently morally desirable, so they should not be undermined. For countries not growing, he may argue that they have an obligation to implement the conditions that cause growth because they are independently morally desirable. Call this the implementation argument. I contend that neither argument is wealth-insensitive as each fails to establish an obligation to pursue growth. I attempt to diagnose how this could be and propose that it is a product of attempting to answer three questions about growth simultaneously.
The Bernoulli clock: probabilistic and combinatorial interpretations of the Bernoulli polynomials by circular convolution
Authors: El Maazouz Yassine , Pitman Jim 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe factorially normalized Bernoulli polynomials$b_n(x) = B_n(x)/n!$are known to be characterized by$b_0(x) = 1$and$b_n(x)$for$n \gt 0$is the anti-derivative of$b_{n-1}(x)$subject to$\int _0^1 b_n(x) dx = 0$. We offer a related characterization:$b_1(x) = x - 1/2$and$({-}1)^{n-1} b_n(x)$for$n \gt 0$is the$n$-fold circular convolution of$b_1(x)$with itself. Equivalently,$1 - 2^n b_n(x)$is the probability density at$x \in (0,1)$of the fractional part of a sum of$n$independent random variables, each with the beta$(1,2)$probability density$2(1-x)$at$x \in (0,1)$. This result has a novel combinatorial analog, theBernoulli clock: mark the hours of a$2 n$hour clock by a uniformly random permutation of the multiset$\{1,1, 2,2, \ldots, n,n\}$, meaning pick two different hours uniformly at random from the$2 n$hours and mark them$1$, then pick two different hours uniformly at random from the remaining$2 n - 2$hours and mark them$2$, and so on. Starting from hour$0 = 2n$, move clockwise to the first hour marked$1$, continue clockwise to the first hour marked$2$, and so on, continuing clockwise around the Bernoulli clock until the first of the two hours marked$n$is encountered, at a random hour$I_n$between$1$and$2n$. We show that for each positive integer$n$, the event$( I_n = 1)$has probability$(1 - 2^n b_n(0))/(2n)$, where$n! b_n(0) = B_n(0)$is the$n$th Bernoulli number. For$ 1 \le k \le 2 n$, the difference$\delta _n(k)\,:\!=\, 1/(2n) -{\mathbb{P}}( I_n = k)$is a polynomial function of$k$with the surprising symmetry$\delta _n( 2 n + 1 - k) = ({-}1)^n \delta _n(k)$, which is a combinatorial analog of the well-known symmetry of Bernoulli polynomials$b_n(1-x) = ({-}1)^n b_n(x)$.
Active frequency selective surfaces: a systematic review for sub-6 GHz band
Authors: Suri Ashish , Jha Kumud Ranjan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRadar absorption structures made of an active frequency selective surfaces (AFSS) have enormous potential in the aviation, naval, and other industries. In this research paper, a systematic review (SR) is carried out in the field of the AFSS to bring uncertainties, obstacles, challenges, classifications, applications, and design issues that arrive in the development of the sub-6 GHz architecture. To bias the AFSS component, as per the signal requirements, a unique set of circuits (PIN diode) is required, with ON and OFF state and a transmission zone. The bandwidth of which is determined by the bias voltage supplied. It can behave as a complicated hybrid impedance structure by providing ON and OFF biasing voltage to a PIN diode embodied in an FSS structure. Higher manufacturing costs of AFSS components, more significant complexities involved, a large amount of power consumption, and reactive impedance losses are some common limitations faced while implementing and designing an AFSS. Many envisioned problems are corrected with the AFSS design, current or creative implementations, and processing parameters are investigated progressively. It implies that new AFSSs will be an alternative to regular FSSs in the future. This paper is based on Kitchenham’s three-phase review procedure and supplements it with results, views, and recommendations from other leading experts in the field.
CRISPR-powered optothermal nanotweezers: Diverse bio-nanoparticle manipulation and single nucleotide identification
Authors: Chen Jiajie , Chen Zhi , Meng Changle , Zhou Jianxing , Peng Yuhang , Dai Xiaoqi , Li Jingfeng , Zhong Yili , Chen Xiaolin , Yuan Wu , Ho Ho-Pui , Gao Bruce Zhi , Qu Junle , Zhang Xueji , Zhang Han , Shao Yonghong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOptothermal nanotweezers have emerged as an innovative optical manipulation technique in the past decade, which revolutionized classical optical manipulation by efficiently capturing a broader range of nanoparticles. However, the optothermal temperature field was merely employed for in-situ manipulation of nanoparticles, its potential for identifying bio-nanoparticles remains largely untapped. Hence, based on the synergistic effect of optothermal manipulation and CRIPSR-based bio-detection, we developed CRISPR-powered optothermal nanotweezers (CRONT). Specifically, by harnessing diffusiophoresis and thermo-osmotic flows near the substrate upon optothermal excitation, we successfully trapped and enriched DNA functionalized gold nanoparticles, CRISPR-associated proteins, as well as DNA strands. Remarkably, we built an optothermal scheme for enhancing CRISPR-based single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection at single molecule level, while also introducing a novel CRISPR methodology for observing nucleotide cleavage. Therefore, this innovative approach has endowed optical tweezers with DNA identification ability in aqueous solution which was unattainable before. With its high specificity and feasibility for in-situ bio-nanoparticle manipulation and identification, CRONT will become a universal tool in point-of-care diagnosis, biophotonics, and bio-nanotechnology.
Clinical EEG slowing induced by electroconvulsive therapy is better described by increased frontal aperiodic activity
Authors: Smith Sydney E. , Ma Vincent , Gonzalez Celene , Chapman Angela , Printz David , Voytek Bradley , Soltani Maryam 
Published: November 2023

AbstractElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most efficacious interventions for treatment-resistant depression. Despite its efficacy, ECT’s neural mechanism of action remains unknown. Although ECT has been associated with “slowing” in the electroencephalogram (EEG), how this change relates to clinical improvement is unresolved. Until now, increases in slow-frequency power have been assumed to indicate increases in slow oscillations, without considering the contribution of aperiodic activity, a process with a different physiological mechanism. In this exploratory study of nine MDD patients, we show that aperiodic activity, indexed by the aperiodic exponent, increases with ECT treatment. This increase better explains EEG “slowing” when compared to power in oscillatory peaks in the delta (1–3 Hz) range and is correlated to clinical improvement. In accordance with computational models of excitation-inhibition balance, these increases in aperiodic exponent are linked to increasing levels of inhibitory activity, suggesting that ECT might ameliorate depressive symptoms by restoring healthy levels of inhibition in frontal cortices.
Classification, function, and advances in tsRNA in non-neoplastic diseases
Authors: Zhang Liou , Liu Jie , Hou Yang 
Published: November 2023

AbstracttRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are non-coding small RNAs produced by specific endonucleases following the processing and splicing of precursor or mature tRNAs upon starvation, oxidative stress, hypoxia, and other adverse conditions. tRNAs are classified into two major categories, tRNA fragments (tRFs) and tRNA-derived stress-induced small RNAs (tiRNAs), based on differences in splice sites. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies in recent years, tsRNAs have been found to have important biological functions, including inhibition of apoptosis, epigenetic regulation, cell–cell communication, translation, and regulation of gene expression. Additionally, these molecules have been found to be aberrantly expressed in various diseases and to be involved in several pathological processes. In this article, the classification and nomenclature, biological functions, and potential use of tsRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in non-neoplastic diseases are reviewed. Although tsRNA research is at its infancy, their potential in the treatment of non-tumor diseases warrants further investigation.
Flavones provide resistance to DUX4-induced toxicity via an mTor-independent mechanism
Authors: Cohen Justin , Huang Shushu , Koczwara Katherine E. , Woods Kristen T. , Ho Vincent , Woodman Keryn G. , Arbiser Jack L. , Daman Katelyn , Lek Monkol , Emerson Charles P. , DeSimone Alec M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFacioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is among the most common of the muscular dystrophies, affecting nearly 1 in 8000 individuals, and is a cause of profound disability. Genetically, FSHD is linked to the contraction and/or epigenetic de-repression of the D4Z4 repeat array on chromosome 4, thereby allowing expression of the DUX4 gene in skeletal muscle. If the DUX4 transcript incorporates a stabilizing polyadenylation site the myotoxic DUX4 protein will be synthesized, resulting in muscle wasting. The mechanism of toxicity remains unclear, as many DUX4-induced cytopathologies have been described, however cell death does primarily occur through caspase 3/7-dependent apoptosis. To date, most FSHD therapeutic development has focused on molecular methods targeting DUX4 expression or the DUX4 transcript, while therapies targeting processes downstream of DUX4 activity have received less attention. Several studies have demonstrated that inhibition of multiple signal transduction pathways can ameliorate DUX4-induced toxicity, and thus compounds targeting these pathways have the potential to be developed into FSHD therapeutics. To this end, we have screened a group of small molecules curated based on their reported activity in relevant pathways and/or structural relationships with known toxicity-modulating molecules. We have identified a panel of five compounds that function downstream of DUX4 activity to inhibit DUX4-induced toxicity. Unexpectedly, this effect was mediated through an mTor-independent mechanism that preserved expression of ULK1 and correlated with an increase in a marker of active cellular autophagy. This identifies these flavones as compounds of interest for therapeutic development, and potentially identifies the autophagy pathway as a target for therapeutics.
RBMS3-induced circHECTD1 encoded a novel protein to suppress the vasculogenic mimicry formation in glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Ruan Xuelei , Liu Yunhui , Wang Ping , Liu Libo , Ma Teng , Xue Yixue , Dong Weiwei , Zhao Yubo , E Tiange , Lin Hongda , Wang Di , Yang Chunqing , Song Jian , Liu Jiate , Deng Meiqi , An Ping , Lin Yang , Yang Jin , Cui Zheng , Cao Yaming , Liu Xiaobai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly vascularized malignant cancer of the central nervous system, and the presence of vasculogenic mimicry (VM) severely limits the effectiveness of anti-vascular therapy. In this study, we identified downregulated circHECTD1, which acted as a key VM-suppressed factor in GBM. circHECTD1 elevation significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tube-like structure formation in GBM. RIP assay was used to demonstrate that the flanking intron sequence of circHECTD1 can be specifically bound by RBMS3, thereby inducing circHECTD1 formation to regulate VM formation in GBM. circHECTD1 was confirmed to possess a strong protein-encoding capacity and the encoded functional peptide 463aa was identified by LC-MS/MS. Both circHECTD1 and 463aa significantly inhibited GBM VM formation in vivo and in vitro. Analysis of the 463aa protein sequence revealed that it contained a ubiquitination-related domain and promoted NR2F1 degradation by regulating the ubiquitination of the NR2F1 at K396. ChIP assay verified that NR2F1 could directly bind to the promoter region of MMP2, MMP9 and VE-cadherin, transcriptionally promoting the expression of VM-related proteins, which in turn enhanced VM formation in GBM. In summary, we clarified a novel pathway for RBMS3-induced circHECTD1 encoding functional peptide 463aa to mediate the ubiquitination of NR2F1, which inhibited VM formation in GBM. This study aimed to reveal new mechanisms of GBM progression in order to provide novel approaches and strategies for the anti-vascular therapy of GBM.
Mitoribosomal synthetic lethality overcomes multidrug resistance in MYC-driven neuroblastoma
Authors: Borankova Karolina , Krchniakova Maria , Leck Lionel Y. W. , Kubistova Adela , Neradil Jakub , Jansson Patric J. , Hogarty Michael D. , Skoda Jan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMitochondria are central for cancer responses to therapy-induced stress signals. Refractory tumors often show attenuated sensitivity to apoptotic signaling, yet clinically relevant molecular actors to target mitochondria-mediated resistance remain elusive. Here, we show that MYC-driven neuroblastoma cells rely on intact mitochondrial ribosome (mitoribosome) processivity and undergo cell death following pharmacological inhibition of mitochondrial translation, regardless of their multidrug/mitochondrial resistance and stem-like phenotypes. Mechanistically, inhibiting mitoribosomes induced the mitochondrial stress-activated integrated stress response (ISR), leading to downregulation of c-MYC/N-MYC proteins prior to neuroblastoma cell death, which could be both rescued by the ISR inhibitor ISRIB. The ISR blocks global protein synthesis and shifted the c-MYC/N-MYC turnover toward proteasomal degradation. Comparing models of various neuroectodermal tumors and normal fibroblasts revealed overexpression of MYC proteins phosphorylated at the degradation-promoting site T58 as a factor that predetermines vulnerability of MYC-driven neuroblastoma to mitoribosome inhibition. Reducing N-MYC levels in a neuroblastoma model with tunable MYCN expression mitigated cell death induction upon inhibition of mitochondrial translation and functionally validated the propensity of neuroblastoma cells for MYC-dependent cell death in response to the mitochondrial ISR. Notably, neuroblastoma cells failed to develop significant resistance to the mitoribosomal inhibitor doxycycline over a long-term repeated (pulsed) selection. Collectively, we identify mitochondrial translation machinery as a novel synthetic lethality target for multidrug-resistant MYC-driven tumors.
Specific intracellular retention of circSKA3 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by attenuating ubiquitination and degradation of SLUG
Authors: Deng Jingwen , Liao Shaoxia , Chen Chaoyi , Han Fengyan , Lei Siqin , Lai Xuan , Ye Kehong , Han Qizheng , E Fang , Lu Chao , Lai Maode , Liu Fanlong , Zhang Honghe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOur previous study demonstrated that tumor-suppressor circular RNAs (circRNAs) can be specifically secreted outside of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells within exosomes to maintain tumor cell fitness. However, whether tumor-driving circRNAs can be specifically retained in cells to facilitate tumor progression remains unknown. In this study, circRNA-seq showed that circSKA3 was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues but downregulated in serum samples from CRC patients. In addition, circSKA3 promoted CRC progression in vitro and in vivo and was retained in CRC cells via a specific cellmotif element. Interestingly, the cellmotif element was also the site of interaction of circSKA3 with SLUG, which inhibited SLUG ubiquitination degradation and promoted CRC epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, FUS was identified as a key circularization regulator of circSKA3 that bound to the key element. Finally, we designed and synthesized specific antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) targeting circularization and cellmotif elements, which repressed circSKA3 expression, abolished the SLUG–circSKA3 interaction, and further inhibited CRC EMT and metastasis in vitro and in vivo.
Keep in touch: a perspective on the mitochondrial social network and its implication in health and disease
Authors: Barabino Silvia , Lombardi Silvia , Zilocchi Mara 
Published: November 2023

SummaryMitochondria have been the focus of extensive research for decades since their dysfunction is linked to more than 150 distinct human disorders. Despite considerable efforts, researchers have only been able to skim the surface of the mitochondrial social complexity and the impact of inter-organelle and inter-organ communication alterations on human health. While some progress has been made in deciphering connections among mitochondria and other cytoplasmic organelles through direct (i.e., contact sites) or indirect (i.e., inter-organelle trafficking) crosstalk, most of these efforts have been restricted to a limited number of proteins involved in specific physiological pathways or disease states. This research bottleneck is further narrowed by our incomplete understanding of the cellular alteration timeline in a specific pathology, which prevents the distinction between a primary organelle dysfunction and the defects occurring due to the disruption of the organelle’s interconnectivity. In this perspective, we will (i) summarize the current knowledge on the mitochondrial crosstalk within cell(s) or tissue(s) in health and disease, with a particular focus on neurodegenerative disorders, (ii) discuss how different large-scale and targeted approaches could be used to characterize the different levels of mitochondrial social complexity, and (iii) consider how investigating the different expression patterns of mitochondrial proteins in different cell types/tissues could represent an important step forward in depicting the distinctive architecture of inter-organelle communication.
Stereoselectivity control in Rh-catalyzed β-OH elimination for chiral allene formation
Authors: Wang Jie , Zheng Wei-Feng , Zhang Xue , Qian Hui , Ma Shengming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractStereoselectivity control and understanding in the metal-catalyzed reactions are fundamental issues in catalysis. Here we report sterically controlled rhodium-catalyzed SN2’-type substitution reactions of optically active tertiary propargylic alcohols with arylmetallic species affording the non-readily available enantioenriched tetrasubstituted allenes via either exclusive syn- or anti-β-OH elimination, respectively, under two sets of different reaction parameters. Detailed mechanistic experiments and density functional theory (DFT) studies reveal that the exclusive anti-Rh(I)-OH elimination is dictated by the simultaneous aid of in situ generated boric acid and ambient water, which act as the shuttle in the hydroxy relay to facilitate the Rh(I)-OH elimination process via a unique ten-membered cyclic transition state (anti-TS2_u). By contrast, the syn-Rh(III)-OH elimination in C–H bond activation-based allenylation reaction is controlled by a four-membered cyclic transition state (syn-TS3) due to the steric surroundings around the Rh(III) center preventing the approach of the other assisting molecules. Under the guidance of these mechanistic understandings, a stereodivergent protocol to construct the enantiomer of optically active tetrasubstituted allenes from the same starting materials is successfully developed.
Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging-guided versus conventional laparoscopic lymphadenectomy for gastric cancer: long-term outcomes of a phase 3 randomised clinical trial
Authors: Chen Qi-Yue , Zhong Qing , Liu Zhi-Yu , Li Ping , Lin Guang-Tan , Zheng Qiao-Ling , Wang Jia-Bin , Lin Jian-Xian , Lu Jun , Cao Long-Long , Lin Mi , Tu Ru-Hong , Huang Ze-Ning , Zeng Gui-Rong , Jiang Mei-Chen , Wang Hua-Gen , Huang Xiao-Bo , Xu Kai-Xiang , Li Yi-Fan , Zheng Chao-Hui , Xie Jian-Wei , Huang Chang-Ming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIndocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging-guided lymphadenectomy has been demonstrated to be effective in increasing the number of lymph nodes (LNs) retrieved in laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer (GC). Previously, we reported the primary outcomes and short-term secondary outcomes of a phase 3, open-label, randomized clinical trial (NCT03050879) investigating the use of ICG for image-guided lymphadenectomy in patients with potentially resectable GC. Patients were randomly (1:1 ratio) assigned to either the ICG or non-ICG group. The primary outcome was the number of LNs retrieved and has been reported. Here, we report the primary outcome and long-term secondary outcomes including three-year overall survival (OS), three-year disease-free survival (DFS), and recurrence patterns. The per-protocol analysis set population is used for all analyses (258 patients, ICG [n = 129] vs. non-ICG group [n = 129]). The mean total LNs retrieved in the ICG group significantly exceeds that in the non-ICG group (50.5 ± 15.9 vs 42.0 ± 10.3, P < 0.001). Both OS and DFS in the ICG group are significantly better than that in the non-ICG group (log-rank P = 0.015; log-rank P = 0.012, respectively). There is a difference in the overall recurrence rates between the ICG and non-ICG groups (17.8% vs 31.0%). Compared with conventional lymphadenectomy, ICG guided laparoscopic lymphadenectomy is safe and effective in prolonging survival among patients with resectable GC.