bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of processing and storage on rancidity markers in commercial and novel cultivar candidates of intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium)
Authors: Loehr Leslie A. , Bajgain Prabin , Selfridge Coleman , Annor George , Ismail Baraem P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesBreeding of intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium, IWG) culminated in the release of a commercial cultivar (MN‐Clearwater) with attractive environmental and nutritional benefits. Determining the impacts of ambient storage and common postharvest processing on the stability of IWG flour is essential to promote it as a food ingredient. Accordingly, MN‐Clearwater and two other potential cultivars, selected for their unique chemical composition, were subjected to extrusion and germination followed by 8 months of storage. Antioxidants, lipase and lipoxygenase activity, free fatty acid (FFA), peroxide value (PV), and volatile odor compounds (VOC) were analyzed at different timepoints.FindingsWhile germination caused a significant increase in lipase activity (~threefold in MN‐Clearwater), extrusion resulted in complete lipase degradation. Additionally, lipase activity was more consequential to hydrolytic rancidity than fat content. Regardless, results indicated that the endogenously abundant antioxidants can combat rancidity facilitated by enzymes and autoxidation as evidenced by significant losses in carotenoids between 3 and 6 months of storage (with 70%–80% reduction after 6 months of storage), when steep increases in FFA (up to 40% oleic acid/100 g fat), PV (two‐fourfolds increase after 6 months of storage), and VOC (hexanal and 2‐pentyl‐furan) occurred.Significance and NoveltyThe findings of this work serve as an impetus for IWG breeding advancements since enzymes and antioxidants can be traits that breeders may consider when selecting cultivar candidates. Results can be also utilized to understand the impact of postharvest processing of the grain on the storage stability of its flour.
Effects of cooking temperature on technological properties and in vitro digestibility of quick‐cooking black and brown rice
Authors: de Souza Batista Cristian , Dittgen Caroline L. , da Silva Lindemann Igor , Wang Ya‐Jane , Elias Moacir C. , Vanier Nathan L. , Colussi Rosana 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe performance of brown (INOV CL) and black (AE 153045 and IAC 600) rice was evaluated at three different cooking temperatures (80°C, 90°C, and 100°C) for the production of quick‐cooking unpolished rice (QCR). The samples were analyzed for physical and pasting properties, bioactive compounds, phenolics bioaccessibility, and in vitro starch digestibility.FindingsThe highest temperature used to prepare the QCR (100°C) promoted the shortest cooking time of the QCR end products and low damaged grain content and bulk density. The anthocyanin content reduced on QCR grains and that of the bioaccessible phenolics increased. As the cooking temperature of QCR preparation increased, the peak viscosities decreased for all studied cultivars as well as starch digestibility.ConclusionsThe results provided scientific, nutritional, and technological evidence concerning the production of quick‐cooking pigmented and unpigmented unpolished rice proving to be an excellent technology to add value to these grains.Significance and NoveltyThis study optimized the method for QCR production, transforming this highly nutritious food into a more convenient and practical product that retains its health benefits.
Descending aorta to right atrial fistula: Transcatheter embolization of a very rare anomaly with coils
Authors: Despotopoulos Stefanos , Apostolopoulou Sotiria , Vagenakis George , Kanakis Meletios , Samanidis George , Zachos Panagiotis , Chatziantoniou Anastasios , Papagiannis John , Rammos Spyridon , Tsoutsinos Alexandros 
Published: February 2024

Key Clinical MessageDescending aorta to right atrial (RA) fistula is a rare and distinct clinical entity mimicking patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and it may lead to rapid development of pulmonary vascular disease. Correct diagnosis and treatment, especially in the presence of other congenital heart defects, is very important. Interventional management is the treatment of choice.AbstractWe present a case report of a trisomy 21 infant with atrial and ventricular septal defects and small patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) complicated by the presence of descending aorta to right atrial (RA) fistula with large left to right shunt leading to rapid increase in pulmonary vascular resistance. Transcatheter occlusion of the fistula followed by closure of the PDA with Nit‐Occlud coil systems led to decreased pulmonary pressure and resistance permitting successful surgical repair of the patient's intracardiac defects with good outcome over 3 years of follow‐up. Descending aorta to RA fistula is a rare and distinct clinical entity mimicking PDA and its correct diagnosis and treatment, especially in the presence of other congenital heart defects, is very important as it may lead to rapid development of pulmonary vascular disease.
Transition Metals Based Dual Single‐atom Catalysts for Oxygen Electrocatalysis: Stunning Advances and Future Prospects
Authors: Ajmal Saira , Zhao Yulin , Yasin Ghulam , Boakye Felix Ofori , Tabish Mohammad , Alam Mohammed Mujahid , Al‐Sehemi Abdullah G. , Zhao Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDuring the past few years, single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted considerable attention in electrolysis due to their outstanding catalytic performance and efficient atomic utilization. SACs exhibit a simple structure, high catalytic activity, consistent scaling relationships for single sites, and low metal content but their practical applications are still limited. Dual single‐atom catalysts (DACs), which feature excellent selectivity, high atomic utilization efficiency, and remarkable stability, are emerging as new frontiers in heterogeneous electrocatalysis. They increase catalytic activity by promoting synergistic effects between metal‐active sites. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in dual‐atom catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In addition, we explore the differences between homonuclear and heteronuclear configurations, the emergence of single/dual‐site metal catalysts, and the methods currently used for their synthesis. Lastly, this review discusses several perspectives for advancing the development of dual‐atom catalysts for OER and ORR electrocatalysis.
Family's socioeconomic and demographic factors on elements of children's dental and oral health: A scoping review
Authors: Fadila Wisnu , Rahardja Mugia B. , Prasetyoputra Puguh , Suwargiani Anne A. , Prasetyo Yanu E. , Riyanti Eriska 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundFamily plays a significant role in children's dental and oral health (DOH) elements, such as children's DOH knowledge and practice, the development of children's dental fear and anxiety (DFA), children's dental visits, and children's DOH status. The study aims to address the interrelationship of these elements based on individual and familial socioeconomic and demographic (SED) attributes.MethodsGiven the possibility that the COVID‐19 epidemic might alter oral health and disrupt dental care, a systematic literature search from the Scopus and Web of Science library database was limited to the 2017–2019 peer‐reviewed published literature, which includes quantitative studies that investigated at whether SED status contributed to children's DOH elements. Four sets of keywords are combined in both library database literature searches. Using the PRISMA‐ScR Checklist as a reference, we conduct this scoping review.ResultsA total of 15 studies were included. Studies were from Brazil, Iran, China, India, Indonesia, Peru, Portugal, and UK. The socioeconomic characteristics include parental education, income, employment, assets and home ownership, type of residence, and health insurance coverage. The demographic characteristics include parent's age, children's age, the number of family members, and family type. There were 13 studies observing parent's education, seven examining family income, four identifying parental employment, three measuring family assets, six assessing the type of residence, and one recording health insurance coverage. Few studies assessed socioeconomic proxies such as school type, free school lunches, and social networks. In addition, race, the number of household members, the number of children, and family type were measured in at least one of the literature.ConclusionFamily SED characteristics may define a pathway to children's DOH elements.
Excitation of nonlinear longitudinal structures in spin‐1/2 quantum plasma in the presence of ion beam
Authors: Iqbal Z. , Abbas G. , Rozina Ch. , Nadeem N. , Murtaza G. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe formation of longitudinal, nonlinear structures in an interacting ion beam, spin‐1/2 quantum, electron‐ion plasma is reported by employing a separate spin evolution quantum hydrodynamic model (SSE‐QHD). The reductive perturbation method is followed to develop the KdV equations. In the presence of an ion beam and keeping the finite electron inertial effects, ion acoustic (IA) soliton and spin electron acoustic (SEA) soliton are found. The critical values of beam speed and spin polarization, required for the existence of solitary structures, are highlighted. It is prescribed that the present model supports rarefactive and compressive SEA soliton and compressive IA soliton. It is shown that the ion beam is essential for the existence of a compressive SEA solitary structure. We have also calculated and compared the energy densities of both solitons. Furthermore, the dependence of the nonlinear structures on the beam parameters and spin polarization are also examined. Our findings would be useful to understand the new spin‐dependent nonlinear structures as well as the features of nonlinear IA waves in ion beam–plasma interactions.
Effect of nonthermal and nonextensive electrons on dust acoustic waves in planetary rings
Authors: Li Zhong‐Zheng , Gao Dong‐Ning , Fan Zheng‐En , Liang Sheng‐De , Xie Li‐Qiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDust acoustic waves (DAWs) in plasmas are influenced by many plasma parameters, such as, ion temperature, electron number density, nonthermal and nonextensive parameters, and dust cyclotron frequency. The plasma system is described by plasma fluid equations. The Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation and instability growth rate of DAWs have been obtained by reductive perturbation method and small‐ expansion method, respectively. The effects of plasma parameters on the linear dispersion relation, phase velocity, amplitude, width, soliton energy, and three‐dimensional instability of DAWs have been carried out. It is obvious that the incremental nonextensive (nonthermal) parameter leads to the shrinking (incremental) soliton energy and phase velocity. These results are useful for understanding dusty plasma dynamics with Cairns–Tsallis electrons in planetary rings.
Chrononutrition in cardiometabolic diseases: Current evidence and future perspectives
Authors: Carbone Salvatore , Pozzilli Paolo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChrononutrition is the field of nutritional science that investigates the relationship between food intake, timing of food intake, and their effects and influence on circadian rhythms and overall health. By aligning eating patterns with body's internal clock, optimisation of metabolic processes, improvements of various aspects of health can be achieved. Cardiovascular (CV) and metabolic diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Notably, in the US alone, approximately half of all cardiometabolic deaths are attributed to modifiable dietary factors, suggesting that dietary changes could result in dramatic increases in lifespan and its related quality of life. Social media have also a great impact on chrononutrition and their role cannot be neglected. The impact of social media on chrononutrition can be multifaceted: information dissemination, influence on eating habits, digital detox challenges, cultural influence and social jet lag. This special issue will provide novel insights and clarifications on chrononutrition, but also on additional controversial topics. The articles we selected should promote future preclinical and clinical studies to ultimately identify the most appropriate approaches to reduce the unacceptable high burden of CV and metabolic diseases.
Prevalence of nandrolone preparations with endogenous carbon isotope ratios in Australia
Authors: Polet Michael , Van Eenoo Peter , Brooker Lance , Edey Claire , Agon Vanessa , Grainger Janelle , Payne Gemma , Goebel Catrin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNandrolone and its prohormones, including 19‐norandrost‐4‐ene‐3,17‐dione and 19‐norandrost‐4‐ene‐3β,17β‐diol, are anabolic steroids forbidden at all times in sports according to the World Anti‐Doping Code Prohibited List and its metabolite 19‐norandrosterone (19NA) is the preferred urinary target compound to identify their abuse. In recent years, an increasing number of 19NA isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) cases have arisen that, based on the initial testing procedure, were likely to result in an adverse analytical finding but were concluded negative after IRMS analysis. The current study was therefore set up to gain a better insight on the prevalence of nandrolone preparations with endogenous carbon isotope ratio values in Australia. Suitable workplace (non‐athlete) urine samples that had previously been reported positive for 19NA were identified and analysed on IRMS. A total of 82% of the samples that were analysed were reported with enriched carbon isotope ratios of 19NA (i.e., 19NA greater than −26‰). This indicates that there is a high prevalence of nandrolone‐containing anabolic androgenic steroid preparations in Australia that have ‘endogenous’ carbon isotope ratios which reduces the ability to identify exogenous nandrolone.
Heat stress conditions affect the social network structure of free‐ranging sheep
Authors: Borthwick Zachary , Quiring Katrin , Griffith Simon C. , Leu Stephan T. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExtreme weather conditions, like heatwave events, are becoming more frequent with climate change. Animals often modify their behaviour to cope with environmental changes and extremes. During heat stress conditions, individuals change their spatial behaviour and increase the use of shaded areas to assist with thermoregulation. Here, we suggest that for social species, these behavioural changes and ambient conditions have the potential to influence an individual's position in its social network, and the social network structure as a whole. We investigated whether heat stress conditions (quantified through the temperature humidity index) and the resulting use of shaded areas, influence the social network structure and an individual's connectivity in it. We studied this in free‐ranging sheep in the arid zone of Australia, GPS‐tracking all 48 individuals in a flock. When heat stress conditions worsened, individuals spent more time in the shade and the network was more connected (higher density) and less structured (lower modularity). Furthermore, we then identified the behavioural change that drove the altered network structure and showed that an individual's shade use behaviour affected its social connectivity. Interestingly, individuals with intermediate shade use were most strongly connected (degree, strength, betweenness), indicating their importance for the connectivity of the social network during heat stress conditions. Heat stress conditions, which are predicted to increase in severity and frequency due to climate change, influence resource use within the ecological environment. Importantly, our study shows that these heat stress conditions also affect the animal's social environment through the changed social network structure. Ultimately, this could have further flow on effects for social foraging and individual health since social structure drives information and disease transmission.
Biogeography and assembly processes of abundant and rare soil microbial taxa in the southern part of the Qilian Mountain National Park, China
Authors: Feng Zhilin , Li Na , Deng Yanfang , Yu Yao , Gao Qingbo , Wang Jiuli , Chen Shi‐long , Xing Rui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSoil microorganisms play vital roles in regulating multiple ecosystem functions. Recent studies have revealed that the rare microbial taxa (with extremely low relative abundances, which are still largely ignored) are also crucial in maintaining the health and biodiversity of the soil and may respond differently to environmental pressure. However, little is known about the soil community structures of abundant and rare taxa and their assembly processes in different soil layers on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau (QTP). The present study investigated the community structure and assembly processes of soil abundant and rare microbial taxa on the northeastern edge of the QTP. Soil microbial abundance was defined by abundant taxa, whereas rare taxa contributed to soil microbial diversity. The results of null model show that the stochastic process ruled the assembly processes of all sub‐communities. Dispersal limitation contributed more to the assembly of abundant microbial taxa in the different soil layers. In contrast, drift played a more critical role in the assembly processes of the rare microbial taxa. In addition, in contrast to previous studies, the abundant taxa played more important roles in co‐occurrence networks, most likely because of the heterogeneity of the soil, the sparsity of amplicon sequencing, the sampling strategy, and the limited samples in the present study. The results of this study improve our understanding of soil microbiome assemblies on the QTP and highlight the role of abundant taxa in sustaining the stability of microbial co‐occurrence networks in different soil layers.
Advancing isotope‐enabled hydrological modelling for ungauged calibration of data‐scarce humid tropical catchments
Authors: Watson Andrew , Kralisch Sven , Miller Jodie , Vystavna Yuliya , Gokool Shaeden , Künne Annika , Helmschrot Jörg , Arciniega‐Esparza Saul , Sanchez‐Murillo Ricardo , Birkel Christian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRealistic projections of the future climate and how this translates to water availability is crucial for sustainable water resource management. However, data availability constrains the capacity to simulate streamflow and corresponding hydrological processes. Developing more robust hydrological models and methods that can circumvent the need for large amounts of hydro‐climatic data is crucial to support water‐related decisions, particularly in developing countries. In this study, we use natural isotope tracers in addition to hydro‐climate data within a newly developed version of the spatially‐distributed J2000iso as an isotope‐enabled rainfall‐runoff model simulating both water and stable isotope (δ2H) fluxes. We pilot the model for the humid tropical San Carlos catchment (2500 km2) in northeastern Costa Rica, which has limited time series, but spatially distributed data. The added benefit of simulating stable isotopes was assessed by comparing different amounts of observation data using three model calibration strategies (i) three streamflow gauges, (ii) three gauges with stream isotopes and (iii) isotopes only. The J2000iso achieved a streamflow Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE) of 0.55–0.70 across all the models and gauges, but differences in hydrological process simulations emerged when including stable water isotopes in the rainfall‐runoff calibration. Hydrological process simulation varied between the standard J2000 rainfall‐runoff model with a high simulated surface runoff proportion of 37% as opposed to the isotope version with 84%–89% simulated baseflow or interflow. The model solutions that used only isotope data for calibration exhibited differences in simulated interflow, baseflow and model performance but captured bulk water balances with a reasonable match between the simulated and observed hydrographs. We conclude that J2000iso has shown the potential to support water balance modelling for ungauged catchments using stable isotope, satellite and global reanalysis data sets.
Perrotta Integrative Clinical Interviews‐3 (PICI‐3): Development, regulation, updation, and validation of the psychometric instrument for the identification of functional and dysfunctional personality traits and diagnosis of psychopathological disorders, for children (8–10 years), preadolescents (11–13 years), adolescents (14–18 years), adults (19–69 years), and elders (70–90 years)
Authors: Perrotta Giulio 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Perrotta Integrative Clinical Interview, second version (PICI‐2) requires structural and functional updates, based on clinical and academic experience, especially in terms of functional traits and interpretation of psychopathological disorders. The Perrotta Integrative Clinical Interviews‐3 (PICI‐3) was created and structured into four sections, dedicated to dysfunctional traits in children and pre‐adolescents (PICI‐C‐3, 8–13 years) and in adolescents, adults, and the elderly (PICI‐TA‐3, 14–90 years), to common secondary disorders (PICI‐DS‐3, 8–90 years) and functional traits (PICI‐FT‐3, 8–90 years), with the identification of all functional elements and structural aspects of personality according to the model underlying the PICI (IPM). Selecting 1732 subjects, between 8 and 90 years old, the statistical analysis showed that the psychometric test has a well‐defined and stable construct, with the variables well represented and positively correlated with other constructs already validated. In particular: (a) the PICI‐TA‐3 (Section A) was compared with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory‐2‐Restructured Form (MMPI‐2‐RF), obtaining 99.3% compatibility of results, with a Pearson's coefficient (R) of 0.999 and p < 0.001; (b) the PICI‐C‐3 (Section B) was compared with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), obtaining 94.1% compatibility of results, with a Pearson coefficient (R) of 0.969 and p < 0.001; (c) the PICI‐FT‐3 (Section D) was compared with the Big Five Personality Test (Big5), obtaining 89.4% compatibility of results, with a Pearson coefficient (R) of 0.797 and p < 0.001. The PICI‐3 is a valid, efficient, and effective psychometric tool to identify the functioning or dysfunction of personality traits for psychopathological diagnosis.