bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drivers of coupled climate model biases in representing Labrador Sea convection
Authors: Liu Guangpeng , Tagklis Filippos , Ito Takamitsu , Bracco Annalisa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the representation of ocean convection in the Labrador Sea in seven Earth System Models (ESMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 and 6 datasets. The relative role of the oceanic and atmospheric biases in the subpolar North Atlantic gyre are explored using regional ocean simulations where the atmospheric forcing or the ocean initial and boundary conditions are replaced by reanalysis data in the absence of interactive air-sea coupling. Commonalities and differences among model behaviors are discussed with the objective of finding a pathway forward to improve the representation of the ocean mean state and variability in a region of fundamental importance for climate variability and change. Results highlight that an improved representation of ocean stratification in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre is urgently needed to constrain future climate change projections. While improving the ocean model resolution in the North Atlantic alone may contribute a better representation of both boundary currents and propagation of heat and freshwater anomalies into the Labrador Sea, it may not be sufficient. Addressing the atmospheric heat flux bias with better resolution in the atmosphere and land topography may allow for deep convection to occur in the Labrador Sea in some of the models that miss it entirely, but the greatest priority remains improving the representation of ocean stratification.
SPEEDY-NEMO: performance and applications of a fully-coupled intermediate-complexity climate model
Authors: Ruggieri Paolo , Abid Muhammad Adnan , García-Serrano Javier , Grancini Carlo , Kucharski Fred , Pascale Salvatore , Volpi Danila 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA fully-coupled general circulation model of intermediate complexity is documented. The study presents an overview of the model climatology and variability, with particular attention to the phenomenology of processes that are relevant for the predictability of the climate system on seasonal-to-decadal time-scales. It is shown that the model can realistically simulate the general circulation of the atmosphere and the ocean, as well as the major modes of climate variability on the examined time-scales: e.g. El Niño-Southern Oscillation, North Atlantic Oscillation, Tropical Atlantic Variability, Pacific Decadal Variability, Atlantic Multi-decadal Variability. Potential applications of the model are discussed, with emphasis on the possibility of generating sets of low-cost large-ensemble retrospective forecasts. We argue that the presented model is suitable to be employed in traditional and innovative model experiments that can play a significant role in future developments of seasonal-to-decadal climate prediction.
Organization of head and neck cancer rehabilitation care: a national survey among healthcare professionals in Dutch head and neck cancer centers
Authors: Passchier Ellen , Beck Ann-Jean C. C. , Stuiver Martijn M. , Retèl Valesca P. , Navran Arash , van Harten Wim H. , van den Brekel Michiel W. M. , van der Molen Lisette ,   the Dutch Head, Neck Society
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment often leads to physical and psychosocial impairments. Rehabilitation can overcome these limitations and improve quality of life. The aim of this study is to obtain an overview of rehabilitation care for HNC, and to investigate factors influencing rehabilitation provision, in Dutch HNC centers, and to some extent compare it to other countries.

Methods
An online survey, covering five themes: organizational structure; rehabilitation interventions; financing; barriers and facilitators; satisfaction and future improvements, among HNC healthcare- and financial professionals of Dutch HNC centers.

Results
Most centers (86%) applied some type of rehabilitation care, with variations in organizational structure. A speech language therapist, physiotherapist and dietitian were available in all centers, but other rehabilitation healthcare professionals in less than 60%. Facilitators for providing rehabilitation services included availability of a contact person, and positive attitude, motivation, and expertise of healthcare professionals. Barriers were lack of reimbursement, and patient related barriers including comorbidity, travel (time), low health literacy, limited financial capacity, and poor motivation.

Conclusion
Although all HNC centers included offer rehabilitation services, there is substantial practice variation, both nationally and internationally. Factors influencing rehabilitation are related to the motivation and expertise of the treatment team, but also to reimbursement aspects and patient related factors. More research is needed to investigate the extent to which practice variation impacts individual patient outcomes and how to integrate HNC rehabilitation into routine clinical pathways.
Hartmann’s procedure in rectal cancer surgery is often an intraoperative decision: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Mariusdottir Elin , Jörgren Fredrik , Saeed Maria , Wikström Jens , Lydrup Marie-Louise , Buchwald Pamela 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate patient-related factors predicting the selection of rectal cancer patients to Hartmann’s procedure as well as to investigate how often, and on what grounds, anterior resection is intraoperatively changed to Hartmann’s procedure.

Methods
Prospectively collected data from the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry regarding patients with rectal cancer operated upon from January 1 2007 to June 30 2017 in the county of Skåne were retrospectively reviewed. Data were expanded with further details from medical charts. A univariable analysis was performed to investigate variables associated with unplanned HP and significant variables included in a multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Results
Altogether, 1141 patients who underwent Hartmann’s procedure (275 patients, 24%), anterior resection (491 patients, 43%), or abdominoperineal resection (375 patients, 33%) were included. Patients undergoing Hartmann’s procedure were significantly older and had more frequently comorbidity. The decision to perform Hartmann’s procedure was made preoperatively in 209 (76%) patients, most commonly because of a comorbidity (27%) or oncological reasons (25%). Patient preference was noted in 8% of cases. In 64 cases (23%), the decision was made intraoperatively, most often due to anastomotic difficulties (60%) and oncological reasons (22%). Anastomotic difficulties were most often reported due to technical difficulties, a low tumor or neoadjuvant radiotherapy. Male gender was a significant risk factor for undergoing unplanned Hartmann’s procedure.

Conclusions
The decision to perform Hartmann’s procedure was frequently made intraoperatively. Hartmann’s procedure should be considered and discussed preoperatively in old and frail patients, especially in the presence of mid-rectal cancer and/or male gender, since these factors increase the risk of intraoperative anastomotic difficulties.
Intragenic Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer mimics micro-translocations without foreign DNA
Authors: Barrell Philippa J. , Latimer Julie M. , Millar Timothy R. , Jacobs Jeanne M. E. , Conner Anthony J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Main conclusion
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Nicotiana tabacum, using an intragenic T-DNA region derived entirely from the N. tabacum genome, results in the equivalence of micro-translocations within genomes.

Abstract
Intragenic Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer was achieved in Nicotiana tabacum using a T-DNA composed entirely of N. tabacum DNA, including T-DNA borders and the acetohydroxyacid synthase gene conferring resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides. Genomic analysis of a resulting plant, with single locus inheritance of herbicide resistance, identified a single insertion of the intragenic T-DNA on chromosome 5. The insertion event was composed of three N. tabacum DNA fragments from other chromosomes, as assembled on the T-DNA vector. This validates that intragenic transformation of plants can mimic micro-translocations within genomes, with the absence of foreign DNA.
A hybrid traffic controller system based on flower pollination algorithm and type-2 fuzzy logic optimized with crow search algorithm for signalized intersections
Authors: Korkmaz Ersin , Akgüngör Ali Payıdar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, a hybrid traffic signal control (HTSC) system based on phase and time optimization was developed. The Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) approach was used for phase optimization, while Type-2 Fuzzy Logic, optimized with the Crow Search Algorithm (CSA), was utilized for time optimization. The hybrid system's performance was investigated using nine different traffic conditions and four different intersection geometries. The hybrid system was compared with three controller systems which are a fixed-time signal controller, a signal controller based on the FPA approach (FPA_TSC), and the optimized Type-1 fuzzy logic signal controller (Type-1 FL-TSC). The HTSC approach achieved the best performance with about 32% improvement over the fixed-time traffic controller and it showed 5% and 6% better performance than the FPA_TSC and Type-1 FL-TSC, respectively. Considering the performance of the new hybrid system, it is effective in minimizing delays and driver dissatisfaction occurring from signalization. It also contributes to the reduction of emissions and fuel consumption. The HTSC approach can be used as an alternative signal control method in the control of intersections with high traffic volume due to its fast and effective performance.
Everything changes but nothing changes: gender stereotypes in the Italian population
Authors: Carvalho Silva Rosana , Vezzoli Marika , Menesello Valentina , Meattini Mattia , Sartori Riccardo , Minelli Alessandra 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Gender stereotypes refer to consensual or cultural shared beliefs about the attributes of men and women, influencing society behaviors, interpersonal relationships, education, and workplace. The literature has shown the existence of gender stereotypes on career choices, internalization of roles, and school and social experiences and demonstrates the impact of demographic factors on stereotypes. However, all the studies conducted in Italy available in scientific literature analyzed small sample sizes within specific schools of university settings, with a limited age range.

Methods
To assess the current state of gender stereotypes in Italy, we conducted an online survey from October 2022 to January 2023 on the general population residing in Italy. The questionnaire comprised sociodemographic factors and questions about gender stereotypes, investigating six fields: games, jobs, personality traits, home and family activities, sports, and moral judgments.

Results
The study involved 1854 participants, mostly women (70.1%) with an undergraduate or postgraduate degree (57.5%). The statistical and descriptive analyses revealed that gender stereotypes influenced respondents’ beliefs, with statistically significant effects observed in most questions when stratifying by age, gender, and degree. Principal component analysis was performed to assess latent variables in different fields, revealing significant main stereotypes in each category. No statistically significant differences between men and women were found for the fields home and family activities, games, and moral judgments, confirming that stereotypes affect both men and women in the same way.

Conclusions
Our results show the persistence of gender stereotypes in any fields investigated, although our cohort is predominantly composed of high educational level women living in the North of Italy. This demonstrates that the long-standing gender stereotypes are prevalent, pernicious, and, unfortunately, internalized at times even by successful women pushbacking and sabotaging them unconsciously.
Gene variants for the WNT pathway are associated with severity in periodontal disease
Authors: Ospina-Ch María-Victoria , Acevedo-Godoy Mónica , Perdomo Sandra J. , Chila-Moreno Lorena , Lafaurie Gloria I. , Romero-Sánchez Consuelo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective
Studies of Wnt variants-related to bone resorption in periodontitis are limited. The aim of this study was to establish the genotype and allele frequency of gene variants associated with the Wnt pathway in systemically healthy individuals with and without periodontitis (PD).

Materials and methods
One hundred fifty-seven systemically healthy individuals were evaluated, 90 with PD and 67 without PD. Periodontal clinical indexes, serological and clinical indices of inflammation, and the following variants associated with the Wnt pathway: DKK, SOST, LRP5, and KREMEN were analyzed by high resolution melting and confirmed by Sanger sequencing.

Results
In the PD-free group, 67.2% of the individuals presented the variant for DKKrs1896367 (p = 0.008) and 82.6% had the variant for KREMEN rs132274 (p = 0.016). The heterozygous variant for the DKK rs1896367 polymorphism was associated with the absence of PD and lower severity OR: 0.33 (CI95% 0.15–0.70) and OR: 0.24 (CI95% 0.11–0.53), respectively. Similarly, KREMEN rs132274 was the homozygous variant associated with the absence of PD (OR: 0.33 (CI95% 0.13–0.88)). On the contrary, 85.6% of individuals with PD presented a variant for DKK rs1896368 (p = 0.042), all suffering severe forms of periodontitis.

Conclusion
The presence of DKKrs1896367 and KREMENrs132274 variants in individuals without PD suggests that these single nucleotide polymorphisms could be protective factors for bone loss in PD. A very interesting finding is that the DKKrs1896368 variant was found in a high percentage of severe cases, suggesting that the presence of this variant may be related to the severe bone loss observed in PD.
Temperature monitoring in levees for detection of seepage
Authors: Fabbian Nicola , Simonini Paolo , De Polo Fabio , Schenato Luca , Cola Simonetta 
Published: February 2024

AbstractImproving knowledge of existing levees through investigation and monitoring is an important step in evaluating their safety and that of the surrounding area. Nevertheless, these activities are complex due to the considerable levee length and the high spatial variability of soil composing the body and foundation, especially when paleo-rivers are present. In order to investigate the reliability of new advanced techniques proposed for characterizing the soil stratigraphy and the seepage condition within the levee foundation, a new test site was realized along the Adige River in Bolzano Province (Italy). Here, five boreholes, drilled in a 20-m-side square area straddling the embankment, host four different types of monitoring equipment, among which some are Distributed Fiber Optical Sensors (DFOS), here used for detecting the temperature variations along the well. The present paper focuses on the critical analysis of the preliminary results obtained with DFOS and their comparison with data obtained using traditional pressure and temperature probes. The monitoring data collected in the field during the passage of a flood that occurred on 5th August 2021 are used to better understand the hydraulic behavior and the safety conditions of the levee but also to fully assess the reliability and potential of DFOS.
CD36 inhibition reduces non-small-cell lung cancer development through AKT-mTOR pathway
Authors: Liu Hui , Guo Wentong , Wang Tianxiang , Cao Peichang , Zou Tingfeng , Peng Ying , Yan Tengteng , Liao Chenzhong , Li Qingshan , Duan Yajun , Han Jihong , Zhang Baotong , Chen Yuanli , Zhao Dahai , Yang Xiaoxiao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and is caused by multiple factors, including high-fat diet (HFD). CD36, a fatty acid receptor, is closely associated with metabolism-related diseases, including cardiovascular disease and cancer. However, the role of CD36 in HFD-accelerated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unclear. In vivo, we fed C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) and CD36 knockout (CD36−/−) mice normal chow or HFD in the presence or absence of pitavastatin 2 weeks before subcutaneous injection of LLC1 cells. In vitro, A549 and NCI-H520 cells were treated with free fatty acids (FFAs) to mimic HFD situation for exploration the underlying mechanisms. We found that HFD promoted LLC1 tumor growth in vivo and that FFAs increased cell proliferation and migration in A549 and NCI-H520 cells. The enhanced cell or tumor growth was inhibited by the lipid-lowering agent pitavastatin, which reduced lipid accumulation. More importantly, we found that plasma soluble CD36 (sCD36) levels were higher in NSCLC patients than those in healthy ones. Compared to that in WT mice, the proliferation of LLC1 cells in CD36−/− mice was largely suppressed, which was further repressed by pitavastatin in HFD group. At the molecular level, we found that CD36 inhibition, either with pitavastatin or plasmid, reduced proliferation- and migration-related protein expression through the AKT/mTOR pathway. Taken together, we demonstrate that inhibition of CD36 expression by pitavastatin or other inhibitors may be a viable strategy for NSCLC treatment.
Graphical abstract

1) Pitavastatin reduces NSCLC progression by inhibiting CD36.
2) Inhibition of CD36 can improve HFD- or FFA-induced NSCLC.
3) AKT/mTOR pathway is involved in CD36-regulated NSCLC.
4) Inhibition of CD36 by pitavastatin or other inhibitors may be a strategy for NSCLC treatment.
Using Mobile Technology for Family-Based Prevention in Families with Low Incomes: Lessons from a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Childhood Obesity Prevention Program
Authors: Power Thomas G. , Baker Susan S. , Barale Karen V. , Aragón M. Catalina , Lanigan Jane D. , Parker Louise , Garcia Karina Silva , Auld Garry , Micheli Nilda , Hughes Sheryl O. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractResearchers are increasingly using web-based technologies to deliver family-based, prevention programming. Few studies have examined the success of such approaches for families with low incomes. The purpose of this study was to describe the level of in-class and online engagement in a childhood obesity prevention program for parents with low incomes, to examine the demographic correlates of parent engagement, and to examine dosage effects on parental feeding outcomes as a function of online exposure. All participants attended in-class nutrition education classes (Eating Smart · Being Active) as part of the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) in Colorado and Washington State (classes were offered in English and Spanish). Participants in this analysis were 168 parents from a larger cluster randomized controlled trial who had been randomly assigned to also receive a newly developed, mobile-based version of an efficacious, feeding-focused, childhood obesity prevention program. Results showed that despite high levels of in-person attendance (70%), participants only accessed 47% of the videos (online content). Older parents and parents of girls showed higher levels of in-person attendance; currently employed parents showed lower levels. Online engagement varied as a function of ethnicity and acculturation: non-Hispanic parents accessed the most videos, low-acculturated Hispanic parents accessed the second most, and highly acculturated Hispanic parents accessed the least. In contrast, low-acculturated Hispanic parents showed the highest in-person attendance. For all but one outcome, significant online program effects were found only for parents who accessed at least half of the videos. Implications for mobile-based, family-based prevention programs for parents with low incomes are considered.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03170700; Registration Date: March 08, 2017.
Push and pull factors affecting in leaving academia
Authors: Kallio Tomi , Siekkinen Taru , Pekkola Elias , Kivistö Jussi , Nokkala Terhi , Kuoppakangas Päivikki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper presents the findings of the push and pull factors that cause professionals to leave academia. Previous research has mostly focused on academic professionals’ intent to leave their current organisations and largely neglected occupational turnover, that is, the cases where faculty abandon an academic career. The study included 40 semi-structured interviews and a national survey (N = 410) conducted in 2017. The interviewees consisted of three groups: previous faculty members who left academia, members of universities’ upper management (deans, vice-rectors and HR managers) and upper managers and HR managers of public and private organisations employing previous academic faculty members. The survey was sent to all scholars who had left academia in Finland during 2010–2015. The qualitative empirical analysis suggests that most of the internal push factors that caused the academic professionals to leave were inversed external pull factors that lured them away from academia. However, it also hints that in many cases, certain individual factors seem to mediate the two. In practice this means that individual factors, such as lack of interest in research and/or teaching and unwillingness to compete in some positions, also contribute to the decision to leave academia.
Heart rate sensitivity of virtual non-contrast calcium scores derived from photon counting detector CT data: a phantom study
Authors: Risch Franka , Schwarz Florian , Kroencke Thomas , Decker Josua A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the reliability of virtual non-contrast (VNC) derived coronary artery calcium quantities in relation to heart rate and the VNC algorithm used compared to reference true non-contrast (TNC), considering several clinically established acquisition modes.

Material and methods
An ad hoc built coronary phantom containing four calcified lesions and an iodinated lumen was scanned using three cardiac acquisition modes three times within an anthropomorphic cardiac motion phantom simulating different heart rates (0, 60, 80, 100 bpm) and reconstructed with a conventional (VNCconv) and a calcium-sensitive (VNCpc) VNC algorithm. TNC reference was scanned at 0 bpm with non-iodinated lumen. Calcium scores were assessed in terms of number of lesions detected, Agatston and volume scores and global noise was measured. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon test were performed to test measurements for significant difference.

Results
For both VNC algorithms used, calcium levels or noise were not significantly affected by heart rate. Measurements on VNCpc reconstructions best reproduced TNC results, but with increased variability (Agatston scores at 0 bpm for TNC, VNCconv, and VNCpc were 47.1 ± 1.1, 6.7 ± 2.8 (p < 0.001), and 45.3 ± 7.6 (p > 0.05), respectively). VNC reconstructions showed lower noise levels compared to TNC, especially for VNCpc (noiseheart on TNC, VNCconv and VNCpc at 0 bpm was 5.0 ± 0.4, 4.5 ± 0.2, 4.2 ± 0.2).

Conclusion
No significant heart rate dependence of VNC-based calcium scores was observed in an intra-reconstruction comparison. VNCpc reproduces TNC scores better than VNCconv without significant differences and decreased noise, however, with an increasing average deviation with rising heart rates. VNC-based CACS should be used with caution as the measures show higher variability compared to reference TNC and therefore hold the potential of incorrect risk categorization.