bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering and bio‐chemical properties of asparagus roots (Asparagus racemosus L.)
Authors: Kohli Deepika , Champawat P. S. , Mudgal V. D. , Rautela Indra 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe post‐harvesting procedures, such as grading, washing, transporting, and packaging can be made better with understanding of the attributes of agricultural commodities. The paper aims to estimate the asparagus roots' thermal, physical, and biochemical characteristics. The asparagus was found to vary in the range of 6.26–13.60 cm long. The width and thickness of the root were almost the same and ranged from .69 to 1.10 cm. The bulk density, true density, and porosity ranged from .561 to .771 g/cm3, 1.418 to 2.124 g cm3, and 60.437 to 63.689%, respectively. The water activity of the roots was observed to be in the range of .797–.828. The color characteristics of asparagus roots were found to be L* = 45.46, a* = 6.94, and b* = 23.23. The obtained values of the following thermal variables were: thermal diffusivity = 8.176 × 10−8 m2/s, thermal conductivity = .493 W/m °C, specific heat = 3.424 kJ/kg °C, and latent heat = 23442.74 J/kg. The total phenolic and tannin content in the roots were observed to be 24.41 ± .09 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g and 1.73 ± .06 mg of tannic acid equivalent (TAE)/g, respectively. The flavonoid content in the roots was 10.33 ± .04 mg of quercetin equivalent (QE)/g. The root samples were found to be a high capacity to scavenge free radicals and also contain phytochemical components that may prove valuable in future research to combat oxidative stress. The findings of this study will also be advantageous in developing handling and processing equipment for the industrial production of asparagus root products.Practical applicationsAsparagus is a medicinal plant which is now widely used in food processing to produce the fortified‐functional food products because of its high nutritional and medicinal properties. The grading, sorting, conveying, pulping, processing, and handling equipment for various horticultural goods, including asparagus, are designed using machine designing parameters, which are vital and essential parameters. The size and shape of all agricultural commodities varies. The slight modifications to size and form could reduce the effectiveness of numerous procedures and their associated machinery. Therefore, the knowledge about these engineering and biochemical properties of asparagus will inspire researchers to create and upgrade machinery used for grading, sorting, conveying, pulping, and processing.
Dyadic bicultural competence: A new way of conceptualizing patterns of cultural competence in close relationships
Authors: Hendershot Quinn E. , Johnson Matthew D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this review, we explore how bicultural competence, or the extent to which individuals effectively balance two cultures, can exist at a dyadic level, where two individuals' respective levels of cultural competence determine how effectively the dyad engages with their environment and collectively manages challenges associated with navigating two cultures. We review existing literature relevant to this concept, which we call dyadic bicultural competence, focusing on intimate partners. Research in this area is limited, and there have been mixed findings regarding how partners' cultural competencies relate to relationship functioning. We propose a model based on established models of relational strain and culture in family dynamics, explaining how dyadic bicultural competence can be associated with relationship trajectories. This proposed model provides a framework that explains mixed findings in this area and may be helpful in guiding future work exploring the role of cultural competence in individual and relational functioning for migrants.
Management of delayed bleeding of upper gastrointestinal endoscopic submucosal tunneling procedures: a retrospective single‐center analysis and brief meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Li , Liu Zu‐Qiang , Zhang Ji‐Yuan , Chen Shi‐Yao , Zhong Yun‐Shi , Zhang Yi‐Qun , Chen Wei‐Feng , Ma Li‐Li , Qin Wen‐Zheng , Hu Jian‐Wei , Cai Ming‐Yan , Yao Li‐Qing , Li Quan‐Lin , Zhou Ping‐Hong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesDelayed bleeding is a rare but important major adverse event (mAE) after endoscopic submucosal tunneling procedures (ESTP), which is scarcely reported. We aimed to characterize the clinical characteristics of delayed bleeding and provide better management of this mAE.MethodFrom August 2010 to October 2022, we reviewed 3852 patients with achalasia receiving peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) and 1937 patients with upper gastrointestinal tumors receiving submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER). Among these, records of 22 patients (15 POEM, 7 STER) with delayed bleeding were collected. Clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of delayed bleeding were analyzed.ResultsThe mean age was 43.6 years. Ten patients (45.5%) were intratunnel bleeding, seven (31.8%) were intratunnel bleeding accompanied by mucosal bleeding, and five (22.7%) were mucosal bleeding. The most common accompanied symptoms were hematemesis, fever, and melena. The most common accompanied mAEs were fistula, pulmonary inflammation, and pleural effusion with atelectasis. The mean duration from ESTP to endoscopic intervention was 5.3 ± 4.9 days. Active bleeding was identified in 21 patients (95.5%). The bleeding was successfully controlled by electrocoagulation (19 cases), endoscopic clipping (six cases), and Sengstaken–Blakemore tube insertion (three cases), and no patient required surgical intervention. The mean hemostatic procedure duration was 61.8 ± 45.8 min. The mean post‐bleeding hospital stay was 10.0 ± 6.2 days. A brief meta‐analysis of previous studies showed the pooled estimate delayed bleeding rate after POEM, STER, and G‐POEM was 0.4%.ConclusionsDelayed bleeding is uncommon and could be effectively managed by timely emergency endoscopic procedures without requiring subsequent surgical interventions.
Hepatic stellate cells activate and avoid death under necroptosis stimuli: Hepatic fibrosis during necroptosis
Authors: Oh Ju Hee , Saeed Waqar Khalid , Kim Hye Young , Lee Seung Min , Lee A Hyeon , Park Gye Ryeol , Yoon Eileen L. , Jun Dae Won 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and AimNecroptosis is an emerging cell death pathway that allows cells to undergo “cellular suicide” in a caspase‐independent manner. We investigated the fate of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) under necroptotic stimuli.Methods and ResultsThe RNA level of mixed lineage kinase domain‐like protein (MLKL) is higher in patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease than in healthy controls. Hepatic fibrosis was significantly lower in MLKL‐KO bile duct ligation (KO‐BDL) mice than in wild‐type‐BDL mice. Necroptotic stimuli caused the death of HT‐29 and U937 cells. However, necroptotic stimuli activate HSCs instead of inducing cell death. MLKL inhibitors attenuated fibrogenic changes in HSCs during necroptosis. Unlike HT‐29 and U937 cells, MLKL phosphorylation and oligomerization were not observed during necroptosis in HSCs. RNA sequencing showed that NF‐κB signaling‐related genes were upregulated in HSCs following necroptotic stimulation. Necroptotic stimuli in HSCs increased the nuclear expression of NF‐κB, which decreased after MLKL inhibitor treatment. Induction of necroptosis in HSCs led to autophagosome activation and formation, which were attenuated by MLKL inhibitor treatment.ConclusionHSCs avoid necroptosis due to the absence of MLKL phosphorylation and oligomerization and are activated through autophagosome and NF‐κB pathways.
Immunomodulators after the discontinuation of anti‐tumor necrosis factor‐alpha antibody treatment and relapse in ulcerative colitis: A multicenter cohort study
Authors: Asonuma Kunio , Ozeki Keiji , Yamazaki Hajime , Okabayashi Shinji , Okano Soh , Ozaki Ryo , Nishimata Nobuaki , Kiyohara Hiroki , Ichinari Naoki , Kobayashi Taku , Yamada Masahiro , Matsubayashi Mao , Yokoyama Yoko , Arimitsu Shoko , Umeno Junji , Munetomo Yoshinori , Andoh Akira , Shinzaki Shinichiro ,   IBD Terakoya Group
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and AimStrategies to reduce relapse using immunomodulators (IMs) after discontinuing anti‐tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) antibody treatment are controversial in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, we assessed the association between IMs after discontinuing anti‐TNF‐α antibody treatment and relapse in patients with UC.MethodsThis retrospective, multicenter cohort study included 257 patients with UC in clinical remission. These patients discontinued anti‐TNF‐α antibody treatment between June 2010 and March 2019 and were followed up until March 2020. We evaluated the differences in relapse rates between patients with IMs (IM group) and those without IMs (non‐IM group) after discontinuing the treatment. Relapse was defined as further undergoing an induction treatment or colectomy. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for confounders were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for relapse. Exploratory analyses were performed to identify other factors that could predict relapse.ResultsDuring the median follow‐up period of 22 months (interquartile range: 10–41), 114 relapses occurred: 42/100 (42.0%) in the IM group and 72/157 (45.9%) in the non‐IM group. In the multivariable analysis, IMs were not associated with relapse (HR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.64–1.41]). In the exploratory analyses, discontinuation due to side effects (HR, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.18–2.82]) and younger age (HR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.98–1.00]) predicted relapse.ConclusionImmunomodulators were not associated with relapse after discontinuing anti‐TNF‐α antibody treatment in patients with UC. Careful patient follow‐up is needed when discontinuing due to side effects or when the patient is of a younger age at the time of discontinuation.
Clinical impact and cost‐saving analysis of a comprehensive pharmaceutical care intervention in older patients with cancer
Authors: Herledan Chloé , Falandry Claire , Huot Laure , Poletto Nicolas , Baudouin Amandine , Cerfon Marie‐Anne , Lorsche Laurie , Bret Judith , Ranchon Florence , Rioufol Catherine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundHospital admission and discharge are at high risk of drug‐related problems (DRPs) in older patients with cancer. This study aimed to assess the clinical and economic impact of a comprehensive pharmaceutical care intervention (RECAP) to optimize drug therapy in patients with cancer ≥75 years admitted to oncology or geriatric wards.MethodRECAP intervention was defined as follows: at admission and discharge, hospital pharmacists conducted comprehensive medication reconciliation and review, identified relevant DRPs and provided optimization recommendations to prescribers; at discharge, pharmacists also provided patient education and shared information with primary care providers. The impact of the intervention was assessed by the rate of implementation of recommendations by the prescribers and the evolution of polypharmacy rate; a peer review of the clinical significance of DRPs was performed by an expert panel of geriatric oncologists and pharmacists. A cost saving analysis compared cost avoided through resolution of DRPs to cost of pharmacist's time.ResultsFrom January 2019 and August 2020, 201 patients were included (median age 80 [75–97] years), 68.7% with solid tumors. DRPs requiring optimization were identified in 70.9% of patients at admission (mean 1.7 DRP/patient) and 47.7% at discharge (0.9 DRP/patient). Most pharmacist recommendations (70.8%) were followed by prescribers, allowing the correction of 1.2 DRP/patient at admission and 0.7 DRP/patient at discharge. Half of resolved DRPs were rated as clinically significant. However, polypharmacy rate was not reduced at discharge. Cost comparison showed $7.2 avoided for $1 invested, with an estimated total net benefit of $354,822 (mean $1766 per patient).ConclusionsThe RECAP model significantly reduces DRPs in hospitalized older patients with cancer. The model was cost saving, confirming the value of implementing it in routine practice.
The association between frailty and perceived physical and mental fatigability: The Long Life Family Study
Authors: Schumacher Benjamin T. , Kehler Dustin S. , Kulminski Alexander M. , Qiao Yujia (Susanna) , Andersen Stacy L. , Gmelin Theresa , Christensen Kaare , Wojczynski Mary K. , Theou Olga , Rockwood Kenneth , Newman Anne B. , Glynn Nancy W. ,   LLFS Research Group
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundHigher levels of frailty, quantified by a frailty index (FI), may be linked to fatigue severity as tasks become more physically and mentally demanding. Fatigue, a component of frailty research, has been ambiguous and inconsistent in its operationalization. Fatigability—the quantification of vulnerability to fatigue in relation to specific intensity and duration of activities—offers a more sensitive and standardized approach, though the association between frailty and fatigability has not been assessed.MethodsUsing cross‐sectional data from the Long Life Family Study at Visit 2 (2014–2017; N = 2524; mean age ± standard deviation (SD) 71.4 ± 11.2 years; 55% women; 99% White), we examined associations between an 83‐item FI after excluding fatigue items (ratio of number of health problems reported (numerator) out of the total assessed (denominator); higher ratio = greater frailty) and perceived physical and mental fatigability using the Pittsburgh Fatigability Scale (PFS) (range 0–50; higher scores = greater fatigability).ResultsParticipants had mean ± standard deviation FI (0.08 ± 0.06; observed range: 0.0–0.43), PFS Physical (13.7 ± 9.6; 39.5% more severe, ≥15), and PFS Mental (7.9 ± 8.9; 22.8% more severe, ≥13). The prevalence of more severe physical and mental fatigability was higher across FI quartiles. In mixed effects models accounting for family structure, a clinically meaningful 3%‐higher FI was associated with 1.9 points higher PFS Physical score (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7–2.1) and 1.7 points higher PFS Mental score (95% CI 1.5–1.9) after adjusting for covariates.ConclusionsFrailty was associated with perceived physical and mental fatigability severity. Understanding this association may support the development of interventions to mitigate the risks associated with greater frailty and perceived fatigability. Including measurements of perceived fatigability, in lieu of fatigue, in frailty indices has the potential to alleviate the inconsistencies and ambiguity surrounding the operationalization of fatigue and provide a more precise and sensitive measurement of frailty.
Chromium in minerals as tracer of the polycyclic evolution of eclogite and related metabasite from the Pohorje Mountains, Slovenian Eastern Alps
Authors: Li Botao , Massonne Hans‐Joachim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSignificantly different peak pressure–temperature (P–T) conditions (18–26 kbar and 630–760°C versus 29–37 kbar and 750–940°C) have previously been published for eclogite and related metabasites from the south‐eastern flank of the Pohorje Mountains in Slovenia. These rocks can show a bimodal distribution of chromium in the rock‐forming minerals, particularly garnet, the role of which in their metamorphic evolution is unclear. Therefore, we studied an eclogite and a related rock with clinopyroxene containing only 17 mol% jadeite + acmite (sample 18Ca35a). KαCr intensity maps of garnet particularly in sample 18Ca35a show a sharp irregular boundary between the core (Gt1) and the mantle (Gt2). Gt1 of millimetre‐sized garnet in this rock is nearly Cr‐free and unzoned, whereas Gt2 is of different composition (0.22 wt.% Cr2O3) and slightly zoned. Nearly Cr‐free amphibole, (clino)zoisite, kyanite and staurolite inclusions are present in Gt1. The matrix consists of garnet and Cr‐bearing clinopyroxene, (clino)zoisite and amphibole. Thermodynamic modelling suggests peak P–T conditions of 22.5 ± 2 kbar at 710 ± 25°C (Gt1) and 23 ± 2 kbar at 700 ± 25°C (Gt2) in both samples. We interpret these findings to suggest that olivine‐ and hornblende‐bearing gabbros with some chromite experienced early metamorphism in the eclogite facies, when Gt1 formed. The rock was subsequently exhumed and cooled leading to significant garnet corrosion. A second stage of metamorphism, recognized by mappable Cr contents in garnet, led to the growth of Gt2 and other Cr‐bearing minerals at the expense of chromite relics, which survived stage I. The peak P–T conditions of stage II are compatible with those previously derived by same authors and support the view that probably no ultrahigh‐pressure eclogite exists in the Pohorje Mountains. We relate the two metamorphic events to the Cretaceous and Palaeogene high‐pressure events recently reported from micaschists of the Pohorje Mountains.
Effects of anti‐tau immunotherapy on reactive microgliosis, cerebral endotheliopathy, and cognitive function in an experimental model of cerebral malaria
Authors: Akide Ndunge Oscar B. , Shikani Henry J. , Dai Minxian , Freeman Brandi D. , Desruisseaux Mahalia S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCerebral malaria (CM), a potentially fatal encephalopathy caused primarily by infection with Plasmodium falciparum, results in long‐term adverse neuro‐psychiatric sequelae. Neural cell injury contributes to the neurological deficits observed in CM. Abnormal regulation of tau, an axonal protein pathologically associated with the formation of neurofibrillary lesions in neurodegenerative diseases, has been linked to inflammation and cerebral microvascular compromise and has been reported in human and experimental CM (ECM). Immunotherapy with a monoclonal antibody to pathological tau (PHF‐1 mAB) in experimental models of neurodegenerative diseases has been reported to mitigate cognitive decline. We investigated whether immunotherapy with PHF‐1 mAB prevented cerebral endotheliopathy, neural cell injury, and neuroinflammation during ECM. Using C57BL/6 mice infected with either Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA), which causes ECM, Plasmodium berghei NK65 (PbN), which causes severe malaria, but not ECM, or uninfected mice (Un), we demonstrated that when compared to PbN infection or uninfected mice, PbA infection resulted in significant memory impairment at 6 days post‐infection, in association with abnormal tau phosphorylation at Ser202/Thr205 (pSer202/Thr205) and Ser396–404 (pSer396–404) in mouse brains. ECM also resulted in significantly higher expression of inflammatory markers, in microvascular congestion, and glial cell activation. Treatment with PHF‐1 mAB prevented PbA‐induced cognitive impairment and was associated with significantly less vascular congestion, neuroinflammation, and neural cell activation in mice with ECM. These findings suggest that abnormal regulation of tau protein contributes to cerebral vasculopathy and is critical in the pathogenesis of neural cell injury during CM. Tau‐targeted therapies may ameliorate the neural cell damage and subsequent neurocognitive impairment that occur during disease.image
Voltage‐gated calcium channels in genetic epilepsies
Authors: Lauerer Robert J. , Lerche Holger 
Published: October 2023

AbstractVoltage‐gated calcium channels (VGCC) are abundant in the central nervous system and serve a broad spectrum of functions, either directly in cellular excitability or indirectly to regulate Ca2+ homeostasis. Ca2+ ions act as one of the main connections in excitation–transcription coupling, muscle contraction and excitation–exocytosis coupling, including synaptic transmission. In recent years, many genes encoding VGCCs main α or additional auxiliary subunits have been associated with epilepsy. This review sums up the current state of knowledge on disease mechanisms and provides guidance on disease‐specific therapies where applicable.image
Safety and efficacy of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in patients with advanced pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: A single‐institution experience and review of the literature
Authors: Tang Charlene Yu Lin , Chua Wei Ming , Huang Hian Liang , Lam Winnie Wing‐Chuen , Loh Lih Ming , Tai David , Ong Simon Yew Kuang , Yan Sean Xuexian , Loke Kelvin S. H. , Ng David Chee‐Eng , Tham Wei Ying 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroduction: Despite advances in diagnosis and management, patients with advanced pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL) face limited treatment options. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) in patients with advanced PPGL, based on a single‐institution experience and provide a comprehensive review of the literature. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with advanced pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma who received PRRT at a single institution from April 2012 to March 2022. Clinical characteristics, treatment response, adverse events, and survival outcomes were assessed. A systematic literature review was also performed. Results: A total of 15 patients with advanced PPGL were included, the majority of whom had both metastatic and functional disease. Most patients received four infusions of 177Lu‐DOTATATE (73%). The median therapeutic 177Lu‐DOTATATE radioactivity for each infusion was 7.4 GBq. Only one patient was treated with one infusion of 90Y‐DOTATATE (4.2 GBq) in addition to three infusions of Lu‐177 DOTATATE. Overall, PRRT suggests a promising efficacy with disease control rate of 63.6% by RECIST v1.1. The median overall survival (OS) was not reached and the median progression free survival (PFS) was 25.9 months. In terms of safety, PRRT was well tolerated. Review of the literature revealed consistent findings, supporting the efficacy and safety of PRRT in PPGL. Conclusion: This study suggests that PRRT is a safe and effective therapeutic option for patients with PPGL. Our findings align with the existing literature, providing additional evidence to support the use of PRRT in this challenging patient population.